bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La personalidad del turista como criterio de segmentación de destinos de sol y playa: una aplicación al destino Gran Canaria
Authors: Medina-Ojeda Noelia , Martín-Santana Josefa D. , Medina-Muñoz Diego R.
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la influencia de las características sociodemográficas en la personalidad del turista en aras de justificar su potencial como criterio de segmentación de mercados turísticos de sol y playa. Para medir la personalidad se utilizó el método BIG FIVE y el rasgo de personalidad denominado búsqueda de sensaciones, aplicados a una muestra de 450 turistas de Gran Canaria (España). Los resultados muestran que las características sociodemográficas influyen en la personalidad de los turistas, siendo idónea, por tanto, como criterio de segmentación de mercados.

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on tourist personality in order to be used as segmentation criteria for sun and beaches tourists. The method used to measure personality is the “Big 5” and the personality trait referred to as sensation seeking. A sample of 450 tourists was carried out on Gran Canaria (Spain). According to the results, socio-demographic characteristics influence on tourist personality traits, and therefore they could be of interest as a tourist market segmentation criteria.
Del primer al segundo plan estratégico de turismo en Cataluña
Authors: Torres-Solé Teresa , Sala-Ríos Mercè , Farré-Perdiguer Mariona
Published: January 2020

El artículo revisa las tendencias del sector turístico en Cataluña, desde la aprobación del primer Plan Estratégico de Turismo 2005-2010 hasta el segundo Plan Estratégico de Turismo 2013-2016 aún vigente, con el objetivo de orientar y hacer propuestas a incluir en el próximo Plan Estratégico de Turismo. Se observa que, aunque el segundo plan avanza en diversos aspectos respecto al primero, existen ciertos factores que no han sido corregidos durante su periodo de vigencia. El trabajo también aflora algunas tendencias actuales que deberían ser consideradas en futuras planificaciones turísticas.

This paper analyses the Catalan tourism sector progress and trend since the first Strategic Plan of Tourism in Catalonia 2005-2010 until the second Strategic Plan of Tourism of Catalonia 2013-2016 with the aim of guiding and making proposals to be included in the next Tourism Strategic Plan. The results show that, despite the second plan has progressed in some aspects with respect to the first; there are several factors that have not been corrected. In this sense, the analysis that we carry out highlights some trends than should be included in future tourism plans.
Turismo y consumo del espacio urbano en Barcelona. Análisis de la relación residente-turista en el barrio de La Barceloneta
Authors: Zaar Miriam-Hermi , Pontes da Fonseca Maria Aparecida
Published: January 2020

Las políticas públicas y el turismo masivo han impulsado nuevas lógicas urbanísticas asociadas al proceso de gentrificación, en las que se incluyen la especulación inmobiliaria y la mercantilización del espacio público. Para la contextualización de esta problemática, que implica la relación entre residentes, turistas y agentes inmobiliarios/turísticos se eligió el barrio barcelonés de La Barceloneta, en cuyo escenario se observa cómo la demanda de los visitantes discrepa de las necesidades de los residentes y cómo las actividades turísticas afectan la vida cotidiana de sus ciudadanos. Asimismo, se evalúan los impactos socio territoriales que causan un mayor nivel de rechazo vecinal y que han sido motivo de reivindicaciones y protestas que exigen la reglamentación de las viviendas de uso turístico (VUT) y del uso del espacio público, lo que se ha conseguido, aunque parcialmente, a través de la aprobación del PEUAT.

Public policies and mass tourism have promoted new urban logic associated with the gentrification process, which includes real estate speculation and the commercialization of public space. For the contextualization of this problem, which implies the relationship between residents, tourists and real estate agents / tourists, was chosen the La Barceloneta neighbourhood, in whose scenario it is observed how the demand of the visitors disagrees with the needs of the residents and how tourism activities affect the daily lives of its citizens. Likewise, this paper evaluates the socio-territorial impacts that cause a greater level of neighbourhood rejection, as well as claims and protests that require the regulation of housing for tourist use (VUT) and the use of public space, which has been achieved, although not entirely, through the approval of the PEUAT.
PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE FOR THE EFFICIENT USE OF INDUSTRIAL AGITATORS IN DISTILLERS AND REACTORS
Authors: SANCHEZ ROBLES JOSE , GOMEZ DE LEON HIJES FELIX CESAREO , ALARCON  GARCIA MARIANO , MARTINEZ GARCIA FERNANDO MANUEL , BELEN RIVERA EPIFANIO
Published: January 2020

Distillation is one of the most common processes in companies of the chemical sector. Its overall performance cannot be based only on physical-chemical processes carried out, but as a whole, including maintenance and operation costs and trying to achieve the best possible energy efficiency.
By means of predictive maintenance techniques, such as vibration analysis, ultrasound, thermography, etc., it is possible to anticipate equipment failures, avoiding unnecessary stops and significant losses, and identify dangerous or inappropriate functional conditions to achieve proper operating dynamics.
This article describes a methodology to analyze the functional conditions of the agitators of large distillers and reactors. Based mainly on vibration analysis techniques, this methodology tries to find the best operating conditions for the equipment, both electromechanically and energetically, and identifying, if that were the case, those that are dangerous for the equipment.
This methodology is currently being applied in a large process plant, and has been extended to gradually integrate all the agitators of the industrial plant, obtaining a substantial improvement in its energy efficiency, as well as a significant reduction of failures, particularly in the mechanical seals, a very expensive and essential element to maintain the correct pressure and temperature required for the process.
Los matrimonios forzados como violencia de género: aspectos controvertidos desde los feminismos
Authors: Barcons Campmajó Maria
Published: January 2020

Resumen: Los matrimonios forzados son una forma de violencia de género y una vulneración de derechos humanos. Al analizar esta problemática tan compleja, desde los feminismos, pueden surgir algunos aspectos controvertidos a la vez que necesarios como son el concepto de autonomía, consentimiento, multiculturalidad e interseccionalidad.
Criar en colores, nuevas experiencias: una intervención de agua y color con madres jóvenes de etnia gitana en Servicios Sociales de Fuentidueña, Villa de Vallecas
Authors: Larraín Adelaida , Ávila Noemí , Cortés Fátima
Published: January 2020

Criar en colores, nuevas experiencias es un proyecto de arte y salud llevado a cabo en el distrito Villa de Vallecas, Madrid. La intervención, perteneciente al Programa de salud sexual y reproductiva, se encuadra en los programas de promoción y prevención de la salud de los Centros Municipales de Salud Comunitaria del Ayuntamiento de Madrid, en conjunto con el Centro de Servicios Sociales de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se trata de un programa desarrollado semanalmente entre los meses de enero a abril de 2018, en el Centro de Servicios Sociales de Fuentidueña de Villa de Vallecas. La intervención fue llevada a cabo por una profesional del arte y la salud, profesionales de la medicina de Madrid Salud, y los educadores sociales de familia del centro de servicios sociales . El taller se desarrolló con un grupo de mujeres, madres jóvenes de población gitana, beneficiarias de la prestación de renta mínima de inserción, RMI. El grupo denominado Aprendiendo a ser madres, se había formado hace dos años en el centro. Uno de los principales objetivos planteados fue continuar en la línea de formación de este grupo, y para ello se presentó un programa de arte (acuarela y técnicas al agua), a través del cual las mujeres desarrollarían con un lenguaje plástico y artístico, experiencias de bienestar, disfrute, encuentro con sus hijos/as y descubrimiento de nuevos espacios de salud.
La innovación en audiovisuales mediante programas educativos multimodales para la educación primaria
Authors: Alvarez-Rodriguez Dolores
Published: January 2020

La formación en el manejo de los lenguajes audiovisuales como parte de la alfabetización del individuo debería de ser básica en la educación general en las sociedades contemporáneas debido a la preeminencia de estos en el mundo actual. De hecho, la competencia en los sistemas simbólicos culturales propios es central en la educación de los individuos y comunidades. Así, desde la implementación de la última legislación educativa en España, es contenido explícito en la educación primaria, dónde se aparece como parte de la programación de educación artística. A pesar de esta inclusión como contenido, no se imparte de manera efectiva en los centros escolares básicamente por carecer de horas lectivas para ello. Debido a esta circunstancia, el aprendizaje se produce espontánea y autónomamente de manera informal. Los audiovisuales integran varios lenguajes artísticos que presentan gramáticas específicas que se conciben como un todo. Desde esta perspectiva son productos culturales unitarios cuyo estudio debe enfocarse como tal. Para ello es interesante recurrir al análisis multimodal que ha surgido como forma de conocimiento y análisis en contextos de narrativas múltiples simultáneas. En este artículo se reflexiona sobre esta situación y se presentan algunas experiencias innovadoras de formación en audiovisuales para en el periodo de los seis a los doce años, momento en que se produce la alfabetización en los lenguajes propios de la sociedad contemporánea.
La Edad Media a través del cine: La Trilogía de la Vida de Pasolini
Authors: Navarro Espinach Germán
Published: January 2020

El cine es una herramienta muy importante para aproximarse a otras épocas históricas con el objetivo de tratar cuestiones de género y diversidad. Un ejemplo claro al respecto lo constituye la denominada Trilogia della Vita o Trittico della Vita de Pier Paolo Pasolini, tres películas que recrean los cuentos eróticos más famosos de la Edad Media desde la Cristiandad al Islam: Il Decameron de Giovanni Boccaccio, I racconti di Canterbury de Geoffry Chaucer e Il fiore delle Mille e una notte. El cine nos muestra así a una literatura histórica singular que representa a una Edad Media diferente. En ese sentido, este artículo analiza por primera vez el valor que tienen estas tres películas de Pasolini en el área de conocimiento de la historia medieval desde la perspectiva queer para fomentar la educación artística y los derechos LGTBIQ+ en la universidad. Es también un pequeño homenaje a la biografía extraordinaria de Pasolini, escritor, filósofo y fundador del llamado cine de poesía.
Museos y género: una asignatura pendiente
Authors: Torregrosa Marta
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo trata de aproximarnos a la realidad representativa de las mujeres tanto en la historia del arte como en el escenario de las instituciones museísticas, desde una perspectiva de género. Emprenderemos un viaje a través de la historia, deambulando por las entrañas que estructuran la esfera cultural, observando las bases del discurso androcentrista que prevalece, aun hoy en día, en la realidad expositiva de los museos. Recorreremos la historia del arte, contemplando las múltiples y diversas representaciones que ha tenido la figura femenina a lo largo de la historia, además de la mirada del artista creador, quien ha perfilado la imagen de la mujer bajo su criterio, imponiendo unos estereotipos y roles que se han repetido a lo largo de los siglos. Transitaremos por las teorías desde un posicionamiento crítico en términos feministas, para descubrir la ausencia de las artistas en el arte y en el contexto de las instituciones culturales. Revisaremos las acciones y nuevas miradas que se han planteado a lo largo de los últimos años, para cuestionar la ausencia de figuras femeninas como sujetos activos y creadores, con el fin de alcanzar la inclusión de la mujer en ámbito artístico y cultural y así mismo, crear nuevos mapas cognitivos desde la igualdad de oportunidades y la recuperación de la memoria de las artistas, que han sido invisibilizadas en nuestra historia.
La educación artística de la era digital: investigar en escenarios tecnológicos
Authors: Huerta Ricard , Domínguez Ricardo
Published: January 2020

Los retos que impone el nuevo escenario digital nos animan a reflexionar sobre las posibilidades de la Educación Artística en un momento histórico en el que combinamos momentos educativos presenciales junto a desubicaciones online. Las tecnologías de la imagen, uno de nuestros mayores aliados como docentes, hace tiempo que irrumpieron en el aula de artes, y es por ello que en este número de EARI presentamos un dossier monográfico sobre “Cine y educación artística”. Pero tanto la fotografía como la imagen en movimiento han experimentado un increíble desarrollo tecnológico en manos de tantos usuarios como personas convivimos en el planeta. Los dispositivos móviles y los nuevos conceptos y usos digitales están incorporándose a todas las facetas de nuestras vidas, de modo que ya no podemos permanecer ajenos a esta urgencia educativa y artística. Por eso desde el grupo CREARI nos hemos implicado en el la organización del I Congreso Internacional Humanidades Digitales y Pedagogías Culturales, para avanzar en la búsqueda de posibilidades académicas en un mundo donde los videojuegos, las series de televisión, los videoclips musicales y las tendencias del arte digital están abanderando procesos complejos y tremendamente atractivos. Consideramos que el juego y la aventura forman parte intrínseca de nuestra rebeldía. No podemos permanecer ajenos a las nuevas prácticas y hábitos de la ciudadanía.
Caracterización arqueométrica de cerámicas comunes y de cocina tardoantiguas del asentamiento rural de L’Horta Vella (Bétera, Valencia): evaluación de posibles producciones regionales e importaciones
Authors: Cau Ontiveros Miguel Ángel , Fantuzzi Leandro , Tsantini Evanthia , Burriel Alberich Josep Maria , Jiménez Salvador José Luis , Rosselló Mesquida Miquel
Published: January 2020

Diversos contextos cerámicos recuperados en las excavaciones de L’Horta Vella (Bétera, Valencia) han proporcionado evidencias sobre la ocupación de este asentamiento rural en la Antigüedad Tardía. En este artículo, se presenta un estudio arqueométrico realizado sobre parte de este conjunto cerámico, en particular sobre una serie de cerámicas de cocina y comunes que fueron relacionadas, en un estudio arqueológico inicial, tanto con posibles producciones locales/regionales como con importaciones. Las cerámicas fueron analizadas mediante diversas técnicas arqueométricas para su caracterización petrográfica, mineralógica y química. Los resultados ofrecen información importante sobre su proveniencia y tecnología de producción. Resulta particularmente significativa la atribución de gran parte del conjunto analizado a una probable proveniencia local/regional, incluso de algunos materiales que fueron interpretados, en un principio, como importaciones africanas y ebusitanas.
Los signa equitum o estandartes ibéricos de tipo “jinete de la Bastida ”
Authors: Almagro-Gorbea Martín , Lorrio Alvarado Alberto J. , Vico Belmonte Ana
Published: January 2020

Estudio de 17 figuras de bronce en forma de un jinete con casco, denominadas “Jinetes de tipo La Bastida”. Constituyen un grupo de bronces ibéricos de gran interés, pues representan la epipháneiadel heros equitans sobre volutas que simbolizan el “Árbol de la Vida” para indicar su carácter sacro y sobrenatural. Se desconoce su contexto arqueológico, pero su estilo jonio-ibérico permite fecharlos desde fines del siglo VI al siglo II a.C. Estos bronces eran la imagen del heros equitanscomo antepasado mítico de las elites ecuestres que gobernaban la sociedad ibérica, de las que eran el Patrono y Protector. Su popularidad y la presencia por Andalucía de este tipo iconográfico indica la expansión de ejércitos y gentes ibéricas filohelenas,probablemente asociadas a topónimos en Ili-.
A pilot study on searching for peri-nuclear NeuN-positive cells
Authors: Yu Yun , Wu Meiyu , Zhang Nan , Yin Hua , Shu Bin , Duan Weigang
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study was to find out neuron (-like) cells in peripheral organs by cell markers in rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were anaesthetized. Their organs including brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, stomach, duodenum, and ileum were harvested. The mRNA and protein in these organs were extracted. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was carried out, and NeuN, a “specific” marker for neuronal soma, was assayed with Western blotting. The sections of the aforementioned organs were obtained after a routine fixation (4% methanal)-dehydration (ethanol)-embedding (paraffin) process. NeuN in the sections and seven non-neuronal cell lines was analyzed by immunofluorescence (IF) or immunohistochemistry (IHC). Neuronal markers, such as Eno2, NeuN (Rbfox3), choline acetyltransferase (Chat), as well as tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), and neuronal-glial markers, e.g., glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap), S100b, 2′, 3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (Cnp), and other related markers, were positively expressed in all the organs at mRNA level. NeuN was further analyzed by Western blotting. The IF and IHC assays showed that NeuN-positive cells were distributed in all the peripheral tissues (mainly peri-nuclear NeuN-positive cells) though with different patterns from that in brain (nuclear NeuN-positive cells), and a NeuN-negative tissue could not be found. Especially, NeuN and Myl3 co-expressed in the cytoplasm of myocardial cells, suggesting that NeuN could possess other functions than neuronal differentiation. Also, the protein was positively expressed in seven non-neuronal cell lines. Our findings suggested that NeuN-positive cells exist widely, and without identification of its distribution pattern, the specificity of NeuN for neurons could be limited.
An Investigation on Vitamin B12 Serum Levels among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin Compared to Normal Levels
Authors: Samadanifard Hosein , Eskandari Delaram , Khodabandehloo Niloofar , Ghavamipour Mehrnaz , Ariashokooh Nonasadat , Ziaee Amir , Farhadi Koosha , Hejrati Alireza
Published: January 2020

Background: Given the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the community and the use of metformin as one of its most common therapies as well as presence of some evidences on a link between the use of this medicine and vitamin B12 levels, we decided to measure and compare serum level of vitamin B12 among the diabetic patients under treatment by metformin and compare with its natural content. Decreased Vitamin B12 levels leads to some clinical problems including anemia, gastrointestinal disorders (diarrhea, constipation, decreased appetite, etc.,), neurological disorders (tingle, numbness, muscle weakness, etc.,) and mental disorders (memory impairment, depression, behavioral problems, etc.,). Therefore, we would determine if the duration of metformin use and dosage may be effective on serum levels of vitamin B12 among metformin-treated diabetic patients.

Methods: Serum vitamin B12 level in metformin-treated type 2 diabetic patients referred to Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital and Specialist Clinic of Taban in Tehran in 2016 (306 subjects selected by convenience sampling) was determined and then compared to its normal level.

Results: Of the 306 participants in the study, 120 ones were females (39.2%) and 186 ones were males (60.8%). Also, 150 ones (49%) were healthy and 156 ones (51%) were suffering from diabetes Miletus. There was a significant difference between the type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy individuals with quantitative variables such as age, height, weight, BMI, serum cholesterol (Chol) level, LDL serum level, HDL serum level, triglyceride (TG) level. The mean blood level of Vitamin B12 level was 448.92±156.75pg/mL among all participants. A Vitamin B12 deficiency frequency of above 6% was seen among diabetic patients. In regression analysis, a model was defined based on which age, gender, diabetes and Metformin used had a significant effect on serum levels of vitamin B-12. Also, none of the variables gender, age, duration of treatment, metformin quantity, weight and BMI was associated with a deficiency of vitamin B12.

Conclusion: In the diabetic group, the prevalence of Vitamin B12 deficiency was more than6%. It was also seen that age, gender, diabetes mellitus, metformin intake and metformin content had a significant effect on serum B12 levels. Therefore, measurement of serum levels of vitamin B12 in metformin-treated subjects is recommended.
Treatment‐to‐Target With Apremilast in Psoriatic Arthritis: The Probability of Achieving Targets and Comprehensive Control of Disease Manifestations
Authors: Mease Philip J. , Gladman Dafna D. , Ogdie Alexis , Coates Laura C. , Behrens Frank , Kavanaugh Arthur , McInnes Iain , Queiro Rubén , Guerette Benoit , Brunori Michele , Teng Lichen , Smolen Josef S.
Published: January 2020

Objective

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the probability of achieving the Clinical Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (cDAPSA) treatment targets of remission or low disease activity (LDA) with apremilast based on disease activity categories and corresponding responses in arthritis and other domains of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) not included in the cDAPSA.

Methods

Pooled analyses from the Psoriatic Arthritis Long‐term Assessment of Clinical Efficacy studies 1, 2, and 3 were performed. Probability analyses assessing the likelihood of achieving cDAPSA treatment targets by week 52 were performed using multiple imputation for discontinuations and missing values. Longitudinal analyses were performed in patients grouped by cDAPSA category at week 52.

Results

Among 494 patients in the probability analyses, 46.9% with moderate disease activity and 24.9% with high disease activity at baseline achieved treatment targets (remission or LDA) by week 52. For patients with moderate disease activity at baseline, small improvements (cDAPSA reductions ≥30%) by week 16 were associated with achieving targets. Patients achieving remission or LDA by week 16 had high probabilities of remaining at treatment targets at week 52. Of 375 patients with cDAPSA components available at week 52, achieving targets with apremilast was associated with continuous disease activity improvements and no or mild arthritis and other PsA manifestations.

Conclusion

The probability of achieving treatment targets (remission or LDA) at week 52 was greater for patients with moderate versus high disease activity at baseline. At a mean level, partial improvements by week 16 were associated with achieving treatment targets. Patients receiving apremilast who achieved cDAPSA targets by week 52 also had no or mild arthritis or other PsA manifestations.
Using Clinical Characteristics and Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures to Categorize Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Subtypes
Authors: Rogers Jennifer L. , Eudy Amanda M. , Pisetsky David , Criscione-Schreiber Lisa G. , Sun Kai , Doss Jayanth , Clowse Megan E. B.
Published: January 2020

Objective

The type 1 and type 2 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) categorization system was recently proposed to validate the patients’ perspective of disease and to capture a more comprehensive spectrum of symptoms. The objective of this study was to characterize the clinical manifestations of SLE subtypes and to determine the correlation between the patient‐ and physician‐reported measures used in the model.

Methods

This was a cross‐sectional study of patients with SLE in a university clinic. Patients completed the Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire (SLAQ) and 2011 American College of Rheumatology fibromyalgia (FM) criteria. Active SLE was defined as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score ≥6, clinical SLEDAI score ≥4, or active lupus nephritis. We identified 4 groups: type 1 SLE (active SLE without FM), type 2 SLE (inactive SLE with FM), mixed SLE (active SLE with FM), and minimal SLE (inactive SLE without FM).

Results

In this cohort of 212 patients (92% female, mean age 45 years), 30% had type 1 SLE, 8% had type 2 SLE, 13% had mixed SLE, and 49% had minimal SLE. Regardless of SLE disease activity, patients with FM (21%), reported higher SLAQ scores, patient global assessment scores, and self‐reported lupus flare that resulted in discordance between patient‐ and physician‐reported measures.

Conclusion

Fatigue, widespread pain, sleep dysfunction, and mood disorders are common symptoms in SLE. Identifying these symptoms as type 2 SLE may be a method to improve patient communication and understanding. The level of type 2 SLE impacts patients’ perception of disease and self‐reported symptoms. The SLAQ may need to be reinterpreted based on the FM severity scale.
High Burden of Premature Arteriosclerosis on Renal Biopsy Results in Incident Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Garg Shivani , Bartels Christie M. , Hansen Karen E. , Zhong Weixiong , Huang Yabing , Semanik Michael G. , Smith Maureen , Panzer Sarah E.
Published: January 2020

Objective

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is accelerated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis (LN). Despite the literature suggesting that renal arteriosclerosis predicts CVD in other glomerulonephritis diseases, arteriosclerosis grading and reporting might be particularly overlooked in LN biopsies. Our objective was to examine the burden of renal arteriosclerosis in LN and to assess whether arteriosclerosis is underreported in LN biopsies.

Methods

We identified all patients with LN undergoing kidney biopsy between 1994 and 2017 at an academic center. We interpreted LN biopsy reports to classify the Banff categories of absent, mild, moderate, or severe renal arteriosclerosis. The prevalence of renal arteriosclerosis was compared with the prevalence published for age‐matched healthy peers, and predictors of arteriosclerosis were examined. We overread biopsies for Banff renal arteriosclerosis grading and compared to pathology reports.

Results

Among 189 incident patients with LN, renal arteriosclerosis prevalence was 2 decades earlier compared to their healthy peers, affecting 40% of patients ages 31–39 years with LN compared to 44% of healthy peers ages 50–59 years. A multivariable analysis showed a 3‐fold higher odds of renal arteriosclerosis in patients ages ≥30 years with LN. LN chronicity on biopsy results predicted a 4‐fold higher odds of renal arteriosclerosis. The overreads determined that 50% of standard LN biopsy reports missed reporting the presence or absence of renal arteriosclerosis.

Conclusion

Renal arteriosclerosis is accelerated by 2 decades in patients with LN compared to their healthy peers and is overlooked by pathologists in half of the routine biopsy reports. We propose incorporating Banff renal arteriosclerosis grading in all LN biopsy reports.
Brief Report: State‐Level Number of Physically Inactive US Adults With Arthritis Who can Improve Their Anxiety and Depression by Exercising
Authors: Kelley George A. , Kelley Kristi S. , Callahan Leigh F.
Published: January 2020

Objective

Provide state‐level estimates of the number of physically inactive adults in the United States with arthritis and other rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) who could improve their anxiety and depression by exercising.

Methods

Utilizing 1) number‐needed‐to treat (NNT) data from two prior meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials addressing the effects of exercise on anxiety and depression in adults with arthritis and other RMDs, 2) recent state‐level prevalence estimates on arthritis and physical inactivity in adults with arthritis and other RMDs, and 3) state‐level 2010 US Census population data, the number of physically inactive adults with arthritis and other RMDs who could improve their anxiety and depression by exercising was estimated.

Results

Across all states and the District of Columbia, the number of adults with arthritis and other RMDs who could improve their anxiety and depression by starting an exercise program was estimated at 3 433 167 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3 171 000‐3 703 522) for anxiety and 2 942 706 (95% CI = 2 718 000‐3 174 438) for depression. For anxiety, numbers ranged from 3677 (95% CI = 3235‐4154) in the District of Columbia to 271 253 (95% CI = 243 998‐298 508) in Texas. For depression, numbers ranged from 3151 (95% CI = 2773‐3561) in the District of Columbia to 232 502 (95% CI = 209 140‐255 863) in Texas.

Conclusion

These state‐specific data suggest that a large number of physically inactive US adults with arthritis and other RMDs could improve their anxiety and depression by starting and maintaining a regular exercise program.
Enhanced Gas Sensing Performance of Organic Field‐Effect Transistors by Modulating the Dimensions of Triethylsilylethynyl‐Anthradithiophene Microcrystal Arrays
Authors: Kwak Do Hun , Seo Yena , Anthony John E. , Kim Seunghyun , Hur Jiyeon , Chae Huijeong , Park Hui Joon , Kim Bong‐Gi , Lee Eunho , Ko Sunglim , Lee Wi Hyoung
Published: January 2020

This paper systematically compares the gas sensing properties of organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) based on patterned 5,11‐bis(triethylsilylethynyl)anthradithiophene (TES‐ADT) films, by adopting TES‐ADT crystal arrays of various shapes and dimensions. The patterning and crystallization of spin‐cast TES‐ADT layers are achieved by the use of a solvent‐containing engraved polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold. Decreasing width of the TES‐ADT pattern enhances gas sensing performance, as well as field‐effect mobility of OFETs. The decreased grain boundary density at narrower line width contributes to the increase of field‐effect mobility. On the other hand, the increased sensing performance is mainly due to the increased area of crystal edges, which provides a diffusion pathway for gas molecules to arrive at the semiconductor‐dielectric interface. This study provides new perspectives on the diffusion pathway of gas molecules in OFET‐based gas sensor, and will be useful for the design of active channel to boost the gas sensing properties of OFETs.
Probing Polaritons in 2D Materials
Authors: Luo Cheng , Guo Xiangdong , Hu Hai , Hu Debo , Wu Chenchen , Yang Xiaoxia , Dai Qing
Published: January 2020

Polaritons in 2D materials exhibit extensive optical phenomena, such as an ultrahigh field confinement and tunability and, thus, have been attracting increasing attentions. Many different methods have been developed to characterize and manipulate polaritons, which in turn has promoted a steady booming of this field. Here, the significant progress made in probing polaritons in 2D materials based on the characterization method, i.e., optical far‐field, optical near‐field, and (opto)electronic methods is reviewed. Perspectives on the potential development and applications of these methods are also discussed.
Catalytic Intramolecular Coupling of Ketoalkenes by Allylic C(sp3)−H Bond Cleavage: Synthesis of Five‐ and Six‐Membered Carbocyclic Compounds
Authors: Mita Tsuyoshi , Uchiyama Masashi , Sato Yoshihiro
Published: January 2020

In the presence of a catalytic amount of cobalt(II) acetylacetonate/Xantphos in combination with trimethylaluminum, various ketoalkenes underwent an intramolecular cyclization reaction triggered by cleavage of the allylic C(sp3)−H bond, affording carbocyclic compounds with high regio‐ and diastereoselectivity. Mono‐, bi‐, and tricarbocyclic compounds were produced in good yields. One of the products thus obtained was derivatized into tramadol in four simple steps. Notably, these intramolecular cyclizations took place in the absence of a gem‐disubstituent on the tethered carbon chain (without the Thorpe‐Ingold effect).

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Winter canola response to soil and fertilizer nitrogen in semiarid Mediterranean conditions
Authors: Porter Marissa J. , Pan William L. , Schillinger William F. , Madsen Isaac J. , Sowers Karen E. , Tao Haiying
Published: January 2020

In the semiarid dryland wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) region of the U.S. inland Pacific Northwest, winter canola (WC) (Brassica napus L.) is an economically viable rotation crop. Winter canola produces marketable end‐products while improving soil health and disrupting pest and disease cycles. Although annual production of WC in Washington State has increased in the recent decade, little regional fertility research has been conducted. As a result, WC is commonly fertilized in a manner similar to hard red spring wheat. Compared with wheat, WC has a deep and aggressive tap root system that can grow to depths of 180 cm to reach nutrients and water. Thus, WC requires a different N management strategy than wheat. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of soil residual N and fertilizer N application rate (range, 0–240 kg N ha−1) and timing (fall, spring, or split fall/spring) on WC yield and oil and protein concentrations. The study took place over a 2‐yr period at seven locations across four agroecological classes. There was no yield response to N rate at six of the seven sites due to canola's high N uptake efficiency and the soils’ high residual N (92–224 kg inorganic N ha−1) after wheat–fallow. Increasing N rates and split or spring application resulted in lower oil/protein ratios. In addition, maximum yields correlated with total available water. Therefore, N management for WC should be based on soil test residual + mineralizable N, total available water, and end‐use quality.
Effect of anisotropic microstructures on fluid–particle drag in low‐Reynolds‐number monodisperse gas–solid suspensions
Authors: Ma Teng , Yu Yaxiong , Chen Xiao , Zhou Qiang
Published: January 2020

Local structural anisotropy prevails in gas–solid suspensions. It causes strong fluctuations in the drag on individual particles. In this work, the anisotropy of microstructures is quantified by a second‐order structure tensor, which is determined with a directionally dependent mean free path length. Direct numerical simulations of low‐Reynolds‐number flows past anisotropic and isotropic BCC, FCC, and random arrays of monodisperse spheres in sufficiently large domains are performed. The results show that, at the same solid volume fraction, the differences between the mean drag in principal directions of anisotropic arrays and that in isotropic arrays correlate well with functions of eigenvalues of the structure tensor for the anisotropic arrays. Anisotropic drag models for different arrays are proposed. Assessment of the model for random arrays shows that it well captures fluctuations in the mean drag at microscales of several sphere diameters, where the traditional model fails to give satisfactory predictions.
Commingled crypts: Comparative health among Byzantine monastics in the Levant
Authors: Judd Margaret A.
Published: January 2020

Objectives

Early Byzantine (A.D. 330–842) monastic rules stipulated that entrants relinquished familial connections, personal belongings and secular relationships to become part of the ascetic collective that continued in death, resulting in bioarchaeological marginalization, as was the case of the monastics excavated from the Chapel of Robebus at Mount Nebo, Jordan (ca. A.D. 491–640). It was hypothesized that compared to contemporary monastic groups, the Mount Nebo monastics experienced poorer health and gravitated to Mount Nebo, owing to its association with the Prophet Moses and proximity to the Dead Sea, Livias baths and Jordan River, all associated with curative benefits, especially for those suffering from leprosy.

Materials and Methods

The commingled remains of 73 adult males from Mount Nebo and the articulated skeletons (n = 27) from the Sanctuary of Agios Lot at Deir 'Ain 'Abata (Jordan) were assessed for paleopathology, then compared with a contemporary commingled group from the Monastery of Saint Euthymius at Khan‐el‐Ahmar (Judean Desert) (n = 117).

Results

No skeletal evidence of leprosy was observed among the groups. Most Mount Nebo individuals did not reach an older age, yet injuries, severe osteoarthritis, lower leg osteoperiostitis and antemortem tooth loss were common. The paleopathological profile was similar at Deir 'Ain 'Abata, but paleopathology was negligible at Khan‐el‐Ahmar.

Conclusions

The similar paleopathological profiles of the Jordanian monastic groups suggest that the proximity to the Dead Sea may have attracted monastics to both sites, in addition to spirituality, but leprosy was not a factor based on the skeletal evidence.
Graphene‐based polymer composites with ultra‐high in‐plane thermal conductivity: A comparison study between optothermal Raman spectroscopy and laser flash method
Authors: Tarhini Ali , Tehrani‐Bagha A. R. , Kazan Michel
Published: January 2020

We developed a simple solution mixing and molding process for the incorporation of graphene nano‐flakes (GNFs) in polymer films. Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) and poly(ethylene‐co‐methacrylic acid) (PEMAA) were used for preparation of the samples. The orientation and stacking of GNFs were confirmed using a scanning electron microscope. The thermal conductivity values for these composites were obtained using (1) laser flash method (commercially available) and (2) an optothermal Raman (OTR) technique (homemade device). The former measures the thermal diffusivity (α) and one needs to measure the density (ρ) and the heat capacity (Cp) of the composites in order to measure the in‐plane thermal conductivity (κ = α.ρ.Cp), while the latter measures the in‐plane thermal conductivity directly from the relation between the excitation power and the position of the Raman resonance. The data obtained from Raman spectroscopy were analyzed, assuming heat propagation in three and two dimensions. The Raman results obtained based on the two‐dimensional model were very close to the results obtained using the laser flash method with less than 10% difference. The OTRspectroscopy was found to be a promising technique for measuring the in‐plane thermal conductivity of carbon‐based polymer composites. PVDF‐HFP and PEMAA composite films with very high in‐plane thermal conductivity (25 W m−1 K−1) were obtained through the incorporation of GNFs (20 wt % concentration). Considering a very low thermal conductivity of these polymers (<0.2 W m−1 K−1), this corresponds to a large enhancement of roughly 12 400%. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48927.
Rational Design of a Near‐infrared Fluorescence Probe for Ca2+ Based on Phosphorus‐substituted Rhodamines Utilizing Photoinduced Electron Transfer
Authors: Takahashi Shodai , Hanaoka Kenjiro , Okubo Yohei , Echizen Honami , Ikeno Takayuki , Komatsu Toru , Ueno Tasuku , Hirose Kenzo , Iino Masamitsu , Nagano Tetsuo , Urano Yasuteru
Published: January 2020

Fluorescence imaging in the near‐infrared (NIR) region (650–900 nm) is useful for bioimaging because background autofluorescence is low and tissue penetration is high in this range. In addition, NIR fluorescence is useful as a complementary color window to green and red for multicolor imaging. Here, we compared the photoinduced electron transfer (PeT)‐mediated fluorescence quenching of silicon‐ and phosphorus‐substituted rhodamines (SiRs and PRs) in order to guide the development of improved far‐red to NIR fluorescent dyes. The results of density functional theory calculations and photophysical evaluation of a series of newly synthesized PRs confirmed that the fluorescence of PRs was more susceptible than that of SiRs to quenching via PeT. Based on this, we designed and synthesized a NIR fluorescence probe for Ca2+, CaPR‐1, and its membrane‐permeable acetoxymethyl derivative, CaPR‐1 AM, which is distributed to the cytosol, in marked contrast to our previously reported Ca2+ far‐red to NIR fluorescence probe based on the SiR scaffold, CaSiR‐1 AM, which is mainly localized in lysosomes as well as cytosol in living cells. CaPR‐1 showed longer‐wavelength absorption and emission (up to 712 nm) than CaSiR‐1. The new probe was able to image Ca2+ at dendrites and spines in brain slices, and should be a useful tool in neuroscience research.
The photon time delay in magnetized vacuum magnetosphere
Authors: Romero Jorge Adrian William , Rodriguez Querts Elizabeth , Perez Rojas Hugo , Perez Martínez Aurora , Cruz Rodríguez Lidice , Piccinelli Bocchi Gabriella , Rueda Jorge Armando
Published: January 2020

We study the transverse propagation of photons in a magnetized vacuum considering radiative corrections in the one‐loop approximation. The dispersion equation is modified due to the magnetized photon self‐energy in the transparency region (0 < ω < 2me). The aim of our study is to explore the propagation of photons in a neutron star magnetosphere (described by a magnetized vacuum). The solution of the dispersion equation is obtained in terms of analytic functions. The larger the magnetic field, the higher the phase velocity and the more the dispersion curve deviates from the light‐cone. For fixed values of the frequency, we study the dependence of photons time delay with the magnetic field strength, as well as with distance. For the latter, we adopt a magnetic dipole configuration and obtain that, contrary to the expectation, photons of higher energy experience a longer time delay. A discussion of potential causes of this behavior is presented.
Astrophysical stochastic gravitational wave background
Authors: de Freitas Pacheco José Antonio
Published: January 2020

The stochastic gravitational wave background produced by supernovas, magnetars, and merger of binaries constituted of a pair of compact objects is reviewed and updated. The merger of systems composed of two black holes dominates by far the background signal, whose amplitude in the range 10–100 Hz is above the sensitivity of the planned Einstein laser interferometer (ET). The background signal at 25 Hz estimated by the laser interferometric gravitational observatory (LIGO)‐VIRGO collaboration, based on the available merger detection data, is in good agreement with the present theoretical predictions.
The distribution of neutron star masses
Authors: Rocha Lívia S. , Bernardo Antônio , Horvath Jorge E. , Valentim Rodolfo , de Avellar Marcio G. B.
Published: January 2020

From the beginning of current century to the present, the sample of observed neutron star (NS) with measured masses grew owing to the great effort in the observational field, and the so‐called “canonical” unique value formerly attributed to NS at birth was put into question. Different groups pointed out the existence of different channels for a NS formation, possibly leading to a multimodal distribution. We employ in the present work tools from frequentist and Bayesian analysis to test some inferences about the mass distribution of neutron stars, in order to clarify if the observed objects belong to the same populations or show differences at the birth/evolutionary history.
Urine metabolomics study of Bushen Huoxue Prescription on diabetic retinopathy rats by UPLC–Q‐exactive Orbitrap–MS
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Yang , Xie Mengjun , Deng Liping , Zhang Mei , Xie Xuejun
Published: January 2020

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes and remains one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Previous studies have shown that Bushen Huoxue Prescription (BP) possesses an effect on preventing and treating DR, but the mechanisms of action are not entirely clear. In order to clarify the mechanisms, the pharmacodynamical assessments of BP were investigated. Combining the pharmacodynamical studies, it was found that BP could inhibit high expression of VEGF and HIF‐1α, indicating significant therapeutic effects on DR. In order to further investigate the mechanism of BP in treating DR, a urine metabolomics method based on ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q‐exactive quadrupole‐electrostatic field Orbitrap mass spectrometry was established to observe the metabolic variations in DR rats and investigate the therapeutic effect of BP on DR. As a result, nine potential biomarkers associated with DR were found. The metabolic pathways related to these compounds were explored, and the results showed that these biomarkers were mainly associated with gut microbial metabolism, lipid metabolism and tryptophan metabolism. The results for the pharmacodynamics and metabolomics provided a theoretical basis for clarifying the mechanism of BP in the treatment of DR.
Metabolomics analysis of the hippocampus in a rat model of traumatic brain injury during the acute phase
Authors: Zheng Fei , Zhou Yan‐Tao , Feng Dan‐Dan , Li Peng‐Fei , Tang Tao , Luo Jie‐Kun , Wang Yang
Published: January 2020

Background

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has increased in rank among traumatic injuries worldwide. Traumatic brain injury is a serious obstacle given that its complex pathology represents a long‐term process. Recently, systems biology strategies such as metabolomics to investigate the multifactorial nature of TBI have facilitated attempts to find biomarkers and probe molecular pathways for its diagnosis and therapy.

Methods

This study included a group of 20 rats with controlled cortical impact and a group of 20 sham rats. We utilized mNSS tests to investigate neurological metabolic impairments on day 1 and day 3. Furthermore, we applied metabolomics and bioinformatics to determine the metabolic perturbation caused by TBI during the acute period in the hippocampus tissue of controlled cortical impact (CCI) rats. Notably, TBI–protein–metabolite subnetworks identified from a database were assessed for associations between metabolites and TBI by the dysregulation of related enzymes and transporters.

Results

Our results identified 7 and 8 biomarkers on day 1 and day 3, respectively. Additionally, related pathway disorders showed effects on arginine and proline metabolism as well as taurine and hypotaurine metabolism on day 3 in acute TBI. Furthermore, according to metabolite–protein database searches, 25 metabolite–protein pairs were established as causally associated with TBI. Further, bioinformation indicated that these TBI‐associated proteins mainly take part in 5′‐nucleotidase activity and carboxylic acid transmembrane transport. In addition, interweaved networks were constructed to show that the development of TBI might be affected by metabolite‐related proteins and their protein pathways.

Conclusion

The overall results show that acute TBI is susceptible to metabolic disorders, and the joint metabolite–protein network analysis provides a favorable prediction of TBI pathogenesis mechanisms in the brain. The signatures in the hippocampus might be promising for the development of biomarkers and pathways relevant to acute TBI and could further guide testable predictions of the underlying mechanism of TBI.