bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Management of a Large and Strange Intraocular Foreign Body: Case Report
Authors:   Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Messina, Messina, Italy, Mancini Maura , Brancato Claudio ,   Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale, del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy, Giudice Gregorio Lo ,   Department of Ophthalmology, ARNAS Civico Hospital, Palermo, Italy, Pioppo Antonino ,   Department of Ophthalmology, ARNAS Civico Hospital, Palermo, Italy
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) are unusual and can cause serious eye damage. Case Presentation: We present a case report of a 62-year-old male patient who presented to our ophthalmic emergency department with an intraocular foreign body following a domestic accident.Imaging evaluation with facial CT scan confirmed the presence of a foreign body, made of glass, without any associated bone fractures. Conclusion: Previous studies have emphasized the potential complications and visual consequences associated with these injuries.This case report contributes to the existing literature on intraocular foreign bodies and reinforces the importance of prompt diagnosis and appropriate management.
Management Quality and Its Functions Affect the Lecturer's Working Satisfaction and Department Performance: A Study in Nunukan State Polytechnic Indonesia
Authors: Herlina  , Arkas Viddy  , Harianti  , Anita Candra Dewi
Published: March 2024

The quality and function of management are an important part of improving the quality of educational institutions. The purpose of this study is to ascertain and examine how management quality and its operations affect lecturers' job happiness and department performance at the Nunukan State Polytechnic of Indonesia. This research is quantitative. Data were collected from 23 lecturers who teach in this department using the census method. The author uses Smart PLS version 3.20 to analyze the data that has been collected using a questionnaire. This study found that the quality of management and although not significantly, its functions have a good impact on lecturers' performance and job happiness.
The Implementation of the Acknowledgment of Rights through the Conversion of Customary Land Ownership
Authors: Tobing Tagor Manahan P.L. , Sufiarina Erna Amalia
Published: March 2024

To ensure legal certainty and the protection of the rights of each party to land ownership, including customary lands, it is necessary for the state to regulate this matter. One of the substantial triggers for conflicts is the neglect of the rights of indigenous communities, especially concerning the recognition of customary land, and there is still confusion in land regulations. The second root cause is that the conversion process of land rights from customary land to one of the rights under the Agrarian Law (UUPA) is still fully regulated by the law. The conclusion of the research in this thesis is that the implementation of recognition through the conversion of customary land aims to acknowledge previous land rights and to ensure legal certainty, which can contribute to the realization of a just and prosperous society as envisioned by Article 33 Paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Obstacles in the implementation of the recognition of customary land rights include the lack of legal awareness among the community, the perception that recognition by the indigenous community is already strong, a lengthy and costly conversion process, incomplete land administration systems, and a shortage of technical conversion personnel. To address these obstacles, the Land Office plays a crucial role in conducting outreach and implementing policies related to the recognition of rights through the conversion of customary land ownership.
Impacto de la Pandemia COVID-19 en la Neuromodulación Latinoamericana
Authors: Cremaschi Fabián Eduardo , Piedimonte Fabián César , Vázquez Emmanuel Alejandro , Fausti Renzo , Amiotti Juan Bautista , Fonoff Erich Talamoni
Published: March 2024

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto del brote de COVID-19 en la práctica de la neuromodulación en América Latina.Métodos: Se envió una encuesta a los profesionales de neuromodulación latinoamericanos. Se determinó el impacto de COVID-19 a nivel profesional y personal. Las variables fueron comparadas y analizadas estadísticamente.Resultados: Noventa y cuatro profesionales respondieron la encuesta completa, de Brasil (48,9%), Argentina (25,5%), México (7,4%), Chile (4,2%), Colombia (4,2%), Bolivia (3,1%), Ecuador (3,1%) y Uruguay (3,1%). La mayoría fueron del sexo masculino (87,2%), del grupo etario de 40 a 49 años (35,1%), con 15 o más años de experiencia (53,1%). Predominaron los neurocirujanos (92,5%), siendo la ECP la práctica más frecuente dentro de la especialidad (26,7%). Una gran mayoría refirió una disminución de las prácticas quirúrgicas (98,9%), entre el 50 y el 74% de ellas (38,2%), siendo la decisión del paciente el motivo más citado (37,2%) y la ECP la técnica quirúrgica más afectada (58,5%). El 89,3% de los entrevistados afirmó que los pacientes habían sido perjudicados y que los ingresos económicos disminuyeron entre un 25 y un 100% en el 84,05% de los profesionales encuestados. A nivel personal, el 14,8% de los encuestados padeció COVID-19, con síntomas moderados (71,4%). Además, el 48,9% sufrió manifestaciones físicas como consecuencia del sedentarismo (73,3%) y el 40,4% refirió secuelas psicológicas, el 80% de ellas con ansiedad.Conclusión: La actual pandemia de COVID-19 tuvo un impacto significativo en la práctica laboral diaria, así como a nivel personal de los especialistas en neuromodulación en América Latina. Este impacto debe tenerse en cuenta a largo plazo para evitar efectos nocivos lejanos y sus secuelas y para tomar las medidas preventivas adecuadas en caso de otra pandemia.
POLITICAL LEADERSHIP AND EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: AN ASSESSMENT OF AKWA IBOM STATE UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION BOARD (SUBEB), UYO
Authors:   Department of Political Science and Public Administration,  Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Umo-Udo Ndifreke , Ekpo Michael ,   Department of Political Science and Public Administration,  Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Udoaka Stephen ,   Department of Political Science and Public Administration,  Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Udo Edet ,   Department of Political Science and Public Administration,  Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Published: March 2024

Education for sustainable Development (ESD) targets at acquisition of knowledge, skills, values and attitudinal changes in both formal and informal sectors to increased productive population in the state for job creation and economic self-reliance of the people in present generation without compromising the future generations. However, a gap exists as most leaders in the state failed to give top priority to education as potential nexus for development in Nigeria. Corruption among leaders in the education sector was identified as a major drawback to education in developing economies. The main objective of the study was to examine the relationship between political leadership and ESD in Nigeria with reference to Akwa Ibom State Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB) using Education Index proxied by literacy rate (average adult year of schooling and expected year of schooling), education budget/implementation, quality and access to education. Descriptive research and Survey of study population of about 40,266 comprising of appointed education officials in 2,826 schools affiliated to SUBEB with sample size of 380 determined using Krejcie and Morgan table (1970). Simple random and stratified random sampling techniques were used to administer 12 items questionnaire on the respondents. Simple percentage, Pearson Moment Correlation Co-efficient and tabular form were adopted for data presentation and analysis. The study among others revealed that: Political leadership has significant direct relationship with ESD in Akwa Ibom State. It recommended policy reforms to reduce anomalies in educational management and adequate funding to meet UNESCO education budget baseline of 26%, employment of more qualified teachers, training and re-training of teachers to develop technical skills in entrepreneurship education; provision of libraries, laboratories and other facilities for modern research/innovations.
WHAT TODAY’S WORKING CLASS WANTS FROM POLITICAL LEADERS
Authors:   Governance Studies Brookings Institution, Washington DC, United States, Galston Willim
Published: March 2024

The exit of the working class from the Democratic Party is a long saga that began in the late 1960s and culminated in Donald Trump’s takeover of the Republican Party with themes that resonated among working class voters. During this period, Democrats along with center-left parties through Western democracies who have encountered similar difficulties have struggled to understand the sources of working-class disaffection and to craft remedies for it. Two recent studies from the Progressive Policy Institute (PPT) have shed new light on these issues.
Fitting & Pattern Alteration
Authors: Rasband Judith , Liechty Elizabeth , Pottberg-Steineckert Della
Published: March 2024

Fitting and Pattern Alteration: A Multi-Method Approach to the Art of Style Selection, Fitting, and Alteration, Fourth Edition, shows readers how to recognize, evaluate, and correct fit for a variety of body types, sizes, for women, men, and children. This comprehensive guide presents proven methods of style selection, fitting, and alteration. The authors use a multi-level approach that is both logical and easy to follow, and each procedure is clearly identified and fully illustrated with a second color added to clarify the procedure and show directional measuring. Each figure is drawn to scale ensuring consistency and accuracy. The cause for the fitting problem is clearly identified and explained--giving readers the why behind each fitting procedure. Highlights of this edition include discussions of sustainable practices, body diversity, and now includes examples for menswear and childrenswear.
History Of Interior Architecture
Authors: Hinchman Mark
Published: March 2024

In today’s globalized world, every aspect of our lives is affected by global interconnectedness from what we buy to what we eat to what we study – and the study of design history is no exception. Programs in art, architecture, and interior design are all facing the challenges of providing students with information from around the world. History of Interior Architecture: Furniture, Design, and Global Culture, Second Edition, (formerly titled History of Furniture: A Global View) covers the major historical movements in architecture, interior design, furniture, and the decorative arts from prehistoric periods through contemporary times, and it includes parts of the world that traditional history books ignore or underserve such as Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It presents, moreover, the achievements of Western designers, not in isolation from the rest of the globe, but in vibrant contact with it. For example, students will learn about the influence of Islamic design on Romanesque style and Thailand’s interpretation of Art Nouveau. In short, this comprehensive book with a global perspective focuses on the evolution of interior design from ancient history through deconstruction with lens on societal issues, like politics, economics, gender, technology, ethics, and sociology, in addition to history and aesthetics.

FEATURES:

- Highlights the contributions of women

- Considers interior architecture in conjunction with other disciplines, including urban design, landscape design, graphic design, and fashion

NEW TO THIS EDITION:

- Focus on the 20th and 21st centuries, while streamlining earlier historical chapters, in accordance with the current curriculum

- Discusses user-focused design, sustainability, and universal design

- First edition to include online ancillary package with STUDIO features and Instructor Resources

STUDIO Features Includes:

-Self-assessment quizzes to test yourself on what you have just read

- Visual and Vocabulary Flashcards of key terms and concepts covered in the book

Instructor Resources

- Instructor’s Guide to help incorporate the text into your classroom

- PowerPoint Slides for every chapter
The New Munsell Student Color Set
Authors: Reed Ron
Published: March 2024

Now with a new chapter on Color Forecasting and new, easy to use perforated color chip technology, The New Munsell Student Color Set, 7th Edition, is a complete learning package that offers opportunities for experimenting with color effects using paint, paper, and computers. A full-color interactive and experimental guidebook for understanding color in all its dimensions, it includes a full suite of interactive color charts with corresponding color chips, along with a textbook, all designed to facilitate hands-on learning of color’s aspects and effects. Using Munsell’s vocabulary to introduce color theory and the phenomena of color perception, the text provides a complete study of color use and color science, including extended discussion of visual perception, optical effects, and practical application of color phenomena in fine and applied art practices.

STUDIO Features Include:

-Study smarter with self-quizzes featuring scored results and personalized study tips.

-Review concepts with flashcards of terms and definitions.

-An instructional video showing how to use the book, charts, and chip sets.

-Downloadable worksheets to bring newly learned skills to life.

Instructor Resources Include:

-Instructor's Guide provides suggestions for planning the course and using the text in the classroom, as well as supplemental assignments and lecture notes.

-Test Bank includes sample test questions for each chapter.

-PowerPoint® presentations include images from the book and provide a framework for lecture and discussion.

-Instructor's Set contains a full set of chips for the Munsell hue charts with answer keys printed on the back.
Global Sourcing in the Textile and Apparel Industry
Authors: Ha-Brookshire Jung
Published: March 2024

Global Sourcing in the Textile and Apparel Industry, Third Edition examines the crucial function of global sourcing in the textile and apparel industries, providing practical insight into both how and why global sourcing is pursued. Over 95 percent of today’s textile and apparel products are globally sourced, making sourcing one of the most important business functions in the industry. Chapters include step-by-step global sourcing procedures and explore the theoretical, political, economic, social, and environmental implications of sourcing decisions with an emphasis on sustainability. Case studies and learning activities are based on the author’s extensive industry experience and address current issues that professionals face every day.

New to this Edition:

New content called “global sourcing in the news” throughout the chapters to make direct connections between theoretical principles and industry activities

New discussion about the impact of the COVID pandemic and supply chain disruption on global sourcing

Updated case studies at the end of each chapter offer real-life scenarios

Updated trade regulations and agreements

Now including video interviews with industry professionalsSTUDIO Features Include:

Study smarter with self-quizzes featuring scored results and personalized study tips

Review concepts with flashcards of terms and definitions

Watch Videos of industry professionals discussing real world experiencesInstructor Resources Include:

An Instructors Guide to help incorporate this text into the classroom

PowerPoint slide decks for every chapter
Cinema and Narrative Complexity
Authors: Hven Steffen
Published: March 2024

Since the mid-1990s, a number of films from international filmmakers have experimented with increasingly complicated narrative strategies-including such hits as Run, Lola, Run, 21 Grams, and Memento. This book sets those films and others in context with earlier works that tried new narrative approaches, including Stage Fright and Hiroshima, Mon Amour, to show how they reveal the limitations of most of our usual tools for analysing film. In light of that, Steffen Hven argues for the deployment of an 'embodied' reconfiguration of the cinematic experience, one that allows us to rethink such core constituents of narrative understanding as cognition, emotion, and affect.
The Webcam as an Emerging Cinematic Medium
Authors: Albuquerque Paula
Published: March 2024

All the world’s a stage - literally so, given the ubiquitous presence of webcams recording daily life in cities. This footage, allegedly documentary, recreates cities as cinematic environments as people interact with the multitudes of cameras and screens around them. Paula Albuquerque’s original research and experimental films, presented in this groundbreaking book, expose fictionalising elements in archival webcams and explore video surveillance as an urban condition that influences both perceptions of the past and visions of the future.
Minor Platforms in Videogame History
Authors: Nicoll Benjamin
Published: March 2024

Videogame history is not just a history of one successful technology replacing the next. It is also a history of platforms and communities that never quite made it; that struggled to make their voices heard; that aggravated against the conventions of the day; and that never enjoyed the commercial success or recognition of their major counterparts. In Minor Platforms in Videogame History, Benjamin Nicoll argues that 'minor' videogame histories are anything but insignificant. Through an analysis of transitional, decolonial, imaginary, residual, and minor videogame platforms, Nicoll highlights moments of difference and discontinuity in videogame history. From the domestication of vector graphics in the early years of videogame consoles to the 'cloning' of Japanese computer games in South Korea in the 1980s, this book explores case studies that challenge taken-for-granted approaches to videogames, platforms, and their histories.
Walter Benjamin and the Aesthetics of Film
Authors: Mourenza Daniel
Published: March 2024

Walter Benjamin is today regarded as one of the leading thinkers of the twentieth century. Often captured in pensive pose, his image is now that of a serious intellectual. But Benjamin was also a fan of the comedies of Adolphe Menjou, Mickey Mouse, and Charlie Chaplin. As an antidote to repressive civilization, he developed, through these figures, a theory of laughter. Walter Benjamin and the Aesthetics of Film is the first monograph to thoroughly analyse Benjamin’s film writings, contextualizing them within his oeuvre whilst also paying attention to the various films, actors, and directors that sparked his interest. The book situates all these writings within Benjamin’s ‘anthropological materialism’, a concept that analyses the transformations of the human sensorium through technology. Through the term ‘innervation’, Benjamin thought of film spectatorship as an empowering reception that, through a rush of energy, would form a collective body within the audience, interpenetrating a liberated technology into the distracted spectators. Benjamin’s writings on Soviet film and German cinema, Charlie Chaplin, and Mickey Mouse are analysed in relation to this posthuman constellation that Benjamin had started to dream of in the early twenties, long before he began to theorize about films.
Ephemeral Cinema Spaces
Authors: Vélez-Serna María A.
Published: March 2024

With changing technologies and social habits, the communal cinema experience would seem to be a legacy from another era. However, the 2010s saw a surge in interest for screening films in other temporary public settings. This desire to turn ruins, pubs, galleries, parks, village halls, and even boats into ephemeral cinema spaces is a search for ways of being and working together, using cinema as a framework for social encounter. This book documents contemporary practices of pop-up and sitespecific cinema exhibition in the UK (with a focus on Scotland), tracing their links with historical forms of non-theatrical exhibition such as public hall cinema and fairground bioscopes. Through archival research, observation and interviews with film exhibitors and programmers, the book explores how exhibitors create ephemeral social spaces, how they negotiate the various uses and configurations of films and venues, and how they reinvent cinemagoing from its margins.
Fanvids
Authors: Stevens E. Charlotte
Published: March 2024

Fanvids, or vids, are short videos created in media fandom. Made from television and film sources, they are neither television episodes nor films; they resemble music videos but are non-commercial fanworks that construct creative and critical analyses of existing media. The creators of fanvids-called vidders-are predominantly women, whose vids prompt questions about media historiography and pleasures taken from screen media. Vids remake narratives for an attentive fan audience, who watch with a deep knowledge of the source text(s), or an interest in the vid form itself. Fanvids: Television, Women, and Home Media Re-Use draws on four decades of vids, produced on videotape and digitally, to argue that the vid form's creation and reception reveals a mode of engaged spectatorship that counters academic histories of media audiences and technologies. Vids offer an answer to the prevalent questions: What happens to television after it's been aired? How and by whom is it used and shared? Is it still television?
Postwar Industrial Media Culture in Sweden 1945-1960
Authors: Björkin Mats
Published: March 2024

During the 1950s in Sweden, companies aiming for international markets demanded new theories and methods of communication. Ideas regarding cybernetics, systems analysis, new accounting practices, and budgetary principles as well as theories of information, communication, marketing, public relations, and organization were discussed at conferences and seminars and in courses, articles, and books. At the same time, new technologies were introduced that changed corporate communication, from loose-leaf accounting systems to mechanical and electronic business machines, from written texts and oral presentations to slide shows, audio tapes, films, television, and flannelgraphs. By looking at a vast array of objects and relations related to uses of media technologies in Swedish industry from the end of World War II to the breakthrough of television, this book shows what happened in the glitches between mass communication and interaction, and how Swedish industry after the war worked to disrupt established understandings of communication.
Rewe erweitert Retail-Media-Angebot
Authors: Janke Klaus
Published: March 2024

Es geht voran: Nach der Schwarz-Gruppe stellt jetzt auch Rewe Shopping-Daten für die programmatische Werbung im offenen Internet zur Verfügung. Technologiepartner ist erneut The Trade Desk, das schon viel Erfahrung im Retail-Media-Markt hat.
Differential Impact of Subcutaneous Neurokinin B Administration on Epididymal Proliferation in Adult New Zealand White Rabbits: A Dose-Dependent Study
Authors: Ramzan Faiqah , Zahra Ramsha , Ramzan Muhammad Haris
Published: March 2024

Objective: To investigate the potential of variable doses of Neurokinin B on histomorphology of epididymis in adult rabbits.
Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan, from Jun 2019 to Jun 2020.
Methodology: Adult male New Zealand White rabbits with an average weight of 1.5–2 Kg were randomly assigned to three groups. Study animals were administered subcutaneously with Neurokinin B in two variable doses: 1 µg and one ηg. Control rabbits were injected with distilled water in parallel. After 12 days of continuous peptide treatment, animals (n=06) in each group were sacrificed. Epididymis were dissected and processed for light microscopy and sperm count.
Results: Mean epididymis weight (mg) increased significantly (p<0.001) with the treatment of Neurokinin B 1 ηg and Neurokinin B 1 µg as compared to control. With the increase in doses of Neurokinin B (1 ηg, 1 μg), the lumen of caput, corpus and cauda of the epididymis got significantly (p<0.001) dilated dose-dependently in Neurokinin B treated animals. Sperm count increased significantly (p<0.001) in the Neurokinin B-treated rabbits compared to the control. Light microscopy revealed increased luminal diameter compared to control in all Neurokinin B treated groups as compared to control.
Conclusion: Continuous administration of Neurokinin B could benefit the epididymis, as shown by increased luminal diameter and sperm count.
Aerosol Therapy With Inhalers During Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Haas Robyn , Horton Jennie
Published: March 2024

What Is the Issue?

Mechanical ventilation helps individuals breathe when they cannot do so on their own. During mechanical ventilation, aerosol therapy is used to deliver medication to the lungs of the person who is using the ventilator.

High doses of aerosol therapy administered via metered dose inhaler for adults and older adults who are mechanically ventilated is common clinical practice. However, the reasoning behind this practice, and whether it has clinical benefits compared to no doses and standard doses, is unclear.

What Did We Do?

To inform decisions about high doses of aerosol therapy delivered with metered dose inhalers in adults and older adults receiving mechanical ventilation, we sought to identify and summarize literature comparing the clinical effectiveness of inhaled high doses of aerosol therapy versus no aerosol therapy. We also sought to identify and summarize literature comparing the clinical effectiveness of inhaled high doses of aerosol therapy versus standard doses.

A research information specialist conducted a literature search of peer-reviewed and grey literature sources published between January 1, 2004, and January 25, 2024. The search was limited to English-language documents. One reviewer screened articles for inclusion based on predefined criteria, critically appraised the included study, and narratively summarized the findings.

What Did We Find?

We found 1 retrospective chart review that compared the clinical effectiveness of 2 different doses of inhaled high doses of aerosol therapy. The findings from this study suggest that, compared to lower doses, higher doses of salbutamol are associated with more days alive and free of acute lung injury and more days alive and free of indicators of acute respiratory distress and respiratory failure.

We did not find any studies that compared the clinical effectiveness of inhaled high doses of aerosol therapy to no aerosol therapy for adults and older adults receiving mechanical ventilation that met inclusion criteria for our review.

What Does It Mean?

The available evidence with methodological limitations suggests that high doses of aerosol therapy with salbutamol may be associated with better clinical respiratory outcomes when compared to low doses in patients with acute lung injury who are mechanically ventilated. To inform future clinical practice, decision-makers may want to consider the potential risks and benefits and environmental implications of aerosol therapy, as well as implementation factors (e.g., resource needs, risk of contamination).

Additional clinical studies would help provide a better understanding of the optimal dosage and clinical effectiveness of aerosol therapy for patients who are mechanically ventilated.
Soil organic matter interactions along the elevation gradient of the James Ross Island (Antarctica)
Authors: Vlcek Vitezslav , Juřička David , Valtera Martin , Dvořáčková Helena , Štulc Vojtěch , Bednaříková Michaela , Šimečková Jana , Váczi Peter , Pohanka Miroslav , Kapler Pavel , Barták Miloš , Enev Vojtěch
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Around half of the Earth’s soil organic carbon (SOC) is presently stored in the Northern permafrost region. In polar permafrost regions, low temperatures particularly inhibit both the production and biodegradation of organic matter. In such conditions, abiotic factors such as mesoclimate, pedogenic substrate or altitude are thought to be more important for soil development than biological factors. In Antarctica, biological factors are generally underestimated in soil development due to the rare occurrence of higher plants and the short time since deglaciation. In this study, we aim to assess the relationship between SOC and other soil properties related to the pedogenic factors or properties. Nine plots were investigated along the altitudinal gradient from 10 to 320 m at the deglaciated area of James Ross Island (Ulu Peninsula) with a parallel tea-bag soil proteins (EE-GRSP; Spearman r = 0.733, P=0.031) and the soil buffer capacity (expressed as a ΔpH; Spearman r = 0.817, P=0.011). The soil available P was negatively correlated with altitude (Spearman r = -0.711, P=0.032) and the exchangeable Mg was negatively correlated to the content of rock fragments (Spearman r = -0.683, P=0.050)No correlation was found between the available mineral nutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg) and SOC nor GRSP. This may be a consequence of the inhibition of biologically mediated nutrient cycling in the soil. Therefore, the main factor influencing nutrient availability in these soils decomposition experiment. SOC contents showed a positive correlation with the contents of easily extractable glomalin-related seems to be not the biotic, but rather the abiotic environment influencing the mesoclimate (altitude) or the level of weathering (rock content). Incubation in tea bags for 45 days resulted in the consumption and/or translocation of more labile polyphenolic and water-extractable organic matter, along with changes in C content (increase of up to +0.53 % or decrease of up to -1.31 % C) and a decrease in the C:N ratio (from 12.5 to 7.1–10.2), probably due to microbial respiration and an increase in the abundance of nitrogen binding microorganisms. Our findings suggest that one of the main variables influencing SOC/GRSP content is not altitude or coarse fraction content (whose correlation with SOC/GRSP were not found) but probably other factors that are difficult to quantify, such as the availability of liquid water.
Technical note: Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Pelagic Impact Intercomparison Project (OAEPIIP)
Authors: Bach Lennart Thomas , Ferderer Aaron James , LaRoche Julie , Schulz Kai Georg
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) aims to transfer carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere to the ocean by increasing the capacity of seawater to store CO2. The potential effects of OAE-induced changes in seawater chemistry on marine biology must be assessed to understand if OAE, operated at a climate relevant scale, would be environmentally sustainable. Here, we describe the design of the Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Pelagic Impact Intercomparison Project (OAEPIIP) – a standardised OAE microcosm experiment with plankton communities to be conducted worldwide. OAEPIIP provides funding for participating laboratories to conduct OAE experiments in their local environments. This paper constitutes a detailed manual on the standardised methodology that shall be adopted by all OAEPIIP participants. The individual studies will provide new insights into how plankton communities respond to OAE. The synthesis of these standardized studies, without publication bias, will reveal common OAE-responses that occur across geographic and environmental gradients and are therefore particularly important to determine. The funding available to OAEPIIP and resulting data will be shared to maximise its value and the accessibility. The globally coordinated effort has potential to promote scientific consensus about the potential effects of OAE on diverse plankton communities. Such consensus, through inclusion of the global community, will provide a sounder base to facilitate political decision making whether OAE should be upscaled or not.
WATER LEVEL REGIME OF ARCTIC RIVERS ACCORDING TO MODELLING AND SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS
Authors:   Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ZAKHAROVA E.A. , KRYLENKO I.N. ,   Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, SAZONOV A.A. ,   Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, SEMENOVA N.K. ,   Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, LISINA A.A. ,   Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: March 2024

Increasing accuracy of satellite altimetry water level retrievals, especially over rivers with seasonal ice cover, motivated the application of satellite observations for improving hydrodynamic models. Altimetric water level measurements are particularly valuable in areas with limited in situ data on river bed and floodplain topography as well as under conditions of insufficient data on water discharge and water level. The MIKE11 one-dimensional hydrodynamic model was adapted for the Lower Kolyma. The model was calibrated using the water level measurements at the Kolymskoe water gauge station located in the upper part of the reach. The verification of the simulated water levels against altimetry data was performed. The comparison of simulated and satellite-derived water levels at seven locations has shown that the model reproduces well the water level variability throughout the analyzed reach (167 km). The accuracy of the water level simulations as compared to the altimetric measurements varied from 0.20 to 2.75 m (or 13-62% of the seasonal amplitude).
A ROADMAP OF MODERN HYDROLOGICAL FORECASTS OF WATER REGIME
Authors:   Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, ROMANOV A.V.
Published: March 2024

An array of information sources related to the current and proposed development of methods and systems of hydrological forecasts has been analyzed. It included not only publications of recent years in the field of mathematical modeling of river flow formation processes, but also fundamental documents of a structural and conceptual type related to international cooperation and division of labor in the field of hydrometeorology. The results of the analysis allow us to identify several main directions of the road map that determines the development of this area of hydrology for the near and long term.
Investigation of Causal Linkages Between Financial Development and Economic Growth: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Ishfaq Nimra , Qamri Ghulam Muhammad , Ajmal Zeyyan , Khan Qasim Raza , Akbar Aqsa
Published: March 2024

Financial development is a driving factor for economic growth and is important in fostering growth. An efficient and effective financial system contributes to economic growth and fosters the performance of other economic measures. This study aims to investigate the influence of financial innovation on economic expansion to understand the correspondence between financial development and economic growth in Pakistan. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips Perron (PP) are used for stationarity. Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Error Correction Model are employed to analyze the correlation between economic growth and financial development. The finding shows that financial development stimulates economic growth. The research explains that foreign direct investment and personal remittances adversely affect GDP growth. These understandings recommend that although financial development generally promotes, its results can vary extensively and depend on specific context-dependent conditions. Furthermore, applying CUSUM AND CUSUM of square tests to measure model stability convincingly confirms a long-term relation between financial development and economic expansion, disproving the null hypothesis of no co-integration and reinforcing that financial development is essential to domestic economies. Policymakers need to practice these understandings in actionable plans by highlighting financial innovations that advance access to credit and efficiently allocate resources so investment in education and agriculture can maximize economic growth.
COOPERATION OF THE CASPIAN COUNTRIES IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL SPHERE: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dadabayeva Z.A.
Published: March 2024

The Caspian Sea, a unique enclosed body of water, is not only home to endemics, but is also navigable and rich in important economic resources such as oil, fish, sand, and recreational resources. The author analyzes a negative impact the intensive economic activity in the Caspian countries has on the ecology of the region. Thanks to international and local environmentalists, the governments of the Caspian countries have realized the need to take environmental issues into account in the process of further economic integration, without reducing the intensity of economic activity in the countries of the region. In this study, the author attempts to show the significance of the adopted Tehran Convention and the role of interstate cooperation in solving environmental problems.
LEGAL FOUNDATIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF BILATERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Kim Bongchul , Korgun I.A. ,   Institute of Economics RAS
Published: March 2024

The Korea-EU relation has developed based on multilateral and bilateral legal infrastructures. Among the international legal document, the three bilateral agreements between Korea and EU provide the foundational basis for the bilateral relations. First agreement is the Korea-EU FTA which effectively became a legal tool creating favorable environment for development of the economic relations between the parties. Second is Korea-EU Framework Agreement, amended in 2010. It proclaimed a strategic partnership between Korea and the EU elevating the status of cooperation. Third is the Agreement establishing a framework for the participation of Korea in EU crisis management operations. This agreement created a new cooperation field between the partners. The documents described above represent international legal infrastructures that directly regulate Korea-EU cooperation activities and in this they differ from multilateral documents such as the WTO or the UN laws which can provide rules for certain areas of bilateral cooperation but are not directly related to Korea-EU relations. International laws are cohesively becoming important in areas beyond trade relations and in future may change the paradigm of their bilateral dialogue. Although the two partners may have some challenges and different views of the laws and their application, they main purpose is to provide significant new engines in boosting cooperation between the partners.
CREATIVE INDUSTRIES: CHALLENGES FOR THE NON-COMMERCIAL SEGMENT OF THE CULTURAL SECTOR
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Muzychuk V.Yu. ,   State Institute for Art Studies
Published: March 2024

The article provides a detailed analysis of the concept of creative industries, which is currently being actively introduced into the cultural practice of modern Russia. The author attempts to revise the terminology (the industry of culture – cultural industries – creative industries). In the case of creative industries we are talking about the combination of the following three elements: creative activity, entrepreneurial skills and intellectual property rights, as a result of which an added value is created in the economy, and the product is traded on the market. However, the majority of cultural goods created in the non-commercial segment of the cultural sector have no relation to creative industries. The substitution of concepts results in the cultural sector being required to earn more and more, and this contradicts the mission for which public cultural institutions were created: introducing the population to cultural values. Though experts admit that there is currently no consensus among researchers regarding clear criteria for classifying certain activities as creative industries, Russia is facing increasing challenges for the non-commercial segment of the cultural sector – it is gradually being pushed towards commodification and commercialization. The Concept of Developing Creative Industries… adopted at the end of 2021 completely identified the non-commercial segment of the cultural sector with creative industries, which included theaters, museums, and even libraries. Moreover, the latter became “entry points” to the creative industries. The article shows that the task of boosting economic growth in Russia’s regions, for the sake of which The Concept of Developing Creative Industries… was designed, cannot be solved solely by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, as it lacks the appropriate functionality, financial and administrative resources, and professional staff for this purpose.
SOVIET STRUCTURALISM: E. PREOBRAZHENSKY, S. STRUMILIN, N. VOZNESENSKY, YU. YAREMENKO
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orekhovsky P.A.
Published: March 2024

Structuralism is a relatively young area of economic research, but it already has its own history in Russia. The first debates over the rates and proportions of the Soviet economy began back in the 1920s. The discussions between “geneticists” and “teleologists” were quite open then. Geneticists defended the traditionalist approach, relying on the exhaustion of the restoration impulse and the need to return the country to “normal”, average world growth rates and the accumulation rate of 16-18%. Teleologists relied on the “law of socialist accumulation” and the “theory of two regulators”. They were confident in the possibilities of accelerated development; even the “starting version” of the 1st Five-Year Plan provided for achieving an accumulation rate of more than 20%. And in the end, despite the monstrous mistakes the Bolshevik leadership made during collectivization, the teleologists turned out to be right. The 2nd Five-Year Plan was more successful — the planned savings rate was reduced, the production of consumer goods was increased, and it was possible to switch from cards to planned trade turnover. The idea of accelerated development and the discovery of the law of socialist accumulation belonged to E. Preobrazhensky, but its implementation, including through planned calculations, was carried out by S. Strumilin, and starting from the 3rd Five-Year Plan — by N. Voznesensky. The end of the post-war period and the death of I. Stalin marked the end of “adaptive modernization”. The 8th Five-Year Plan, which aimed for faster growth of Group B industries over Group A, failed to be fulfilled. By the end of the 1970s the Soviet economy fell into inevitable stagnation. Economists of that time gave alarmist forecasts about the decline in growth rates, and proposed measures to overcome the crisis, but all of those were palliative in nature. The structuralist theory of multi-level economy by Yu. Yaremenko appeared at the same time. This theory contained a number of provisions that could be called heretical, contradicting both Marxism and the neoclassical mainstream. Despite its fruitfulness, it was ignored by both planners and Soviet leaders.
ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN RUSSIA AND CEE COUNTRIES UNDER GEOPOLITICAL CRISIS
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kulikova N.V. , Sinitsina I.S. ,   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the following topics: trends in the development of trade relations between the CEE countries and Russia, participation of these countries in the economic war between Russia and the West, the impact of sanctions on economic relations of the CEE countries with Russia, the processes of circumventing sanctions and organizing schemes for exporting dual-use goods to Russia, and the withdrawal of CEE companies from Russia. Particular attention is paid to the consequences of both the energy crisis and the restructuring of resource supply chains for the economies of CEE countries. It is concluded that anti-Russian sanctions and the energy crisis have caused more significant damage to the economies of CEE countries compared to most other EU countries, and that there are little chances for the restoration of economic ties between Russia and CEE countries in the current geopolitical situation.
GREENING ITALIAN AGRICULTURE
Authors:   Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences, Avilova A.V.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the state and problems of the Italian agriculture in the context of the transition to technological structure 4.0. The author examines the targets of the EU common agricultural policy at the present stage, the advantages and limitations of the Italian agriculture in the context of the goals and objectives of the ecological transition, and measures of state support for its modernization. Data from expert studies on Italy’s progress towards sustainable agriculture are presented. A conclusion is made about the tangible impact of national conditions on the course of technological restructuring.
LOGISTICS OF PARALLEL IMPORT UNDER ECONOMIC SANCTIONS
Authors:   Russian New University, Matyukhin A.A. ,   Central Excise Customs
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to analyzing the logistics of parallel imports, which has become one of the most relevant and popular ways of Russia's foreign trade activity in the current geopolitical situation, after the introduction of economic sanctions by Western countries in the spring of 2022. In the article, the author considers 4 types of schemes that allow participants in foreign economic activity to reduce logistics costs, and also analyzes the trade turnover and relations of the Russian Federation with the countries through which parallel imports are carried out, such as Turkey, China and India, as well as possible prospects for cooperation with them in the future. The author analyzes the mechanism of parallel imports in the automotive sector, thanks to which little-known Chinese brands began to appear on the Russian market. An actual logistics route in the scheme of parallel imports between Russia and India is the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC), which will reduce not only costs, but also the delivery time of goods. In conclusion, the author offers recommendations that can help not only strengthen the country's economy, but also develop relations with friendly states.
RUSSIAN ECONOMY UNDER SANCTIONS: DYNAMICS AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akhapkin N.Yu.
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the dynamics of the main indicators of economic growth in Russia after February 24, 2022, when sanctions pressure on it began to increase. Three periods of economic development under sanctions are identified and the differences between these periods are shown. The changes in the structure of the economy that occurred in 2022–2023 are considered and their reasons are revealed. The factors that ensured the stability of the Russian economy in the face of external shocks are identified, and the prospects for its development are assessed.