bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic silencing of ADAMTS18 promotes cell migration and invasion of breast cancer through AKT and NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Xu Hongying , Xiao Qian , Fan Yu , Xiang Tingxiu , Li Chen , Li Chunhong , Li Shuman , Hui Tianli , Zhang Lu , Li Hongzhong , Li Lili , Ren Guosheng
Published: May 2017

ADAMTS18 dysregulation plays an important role in many disease processes including cancer. We previously found ADAMTS18 as frequently methylated tumor suppressor gene (TSG) for multiple carcinomas, however, its biological functions and underlying molecular mechanisms in breast carcinogenesis remain unknown. Here, we found that ADAMTS18 was silenced or downregulated in breast cancer cell lines. ADAMTS18 was reduced in primary breast tumor tissues as compared with their adjacent noncancer tissues. ADAMTS18 promoter methylation was detected in 70.8% of tumor tissues by methylation‐specific PCR, but none of the normal tissues. Demethylation treatment restored ADAMTS18 expression in silenced breast cell lines. Ectopic expression of ADAMTS18 in breast tumor cells resulted in inhibition of cell migration and invasion. Nude mouse model further confirmed that ADAMTS18 suppressed breast cancer metastasis in vivo. Further mechanistic studies showed that ADAMTS18 suppressed epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), further inhibited migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. ADAMT18 deregulated AKT and NF‐κB signaling, through inhibiting phosphorylation levels of AKT and p65. Thus, ADAMTS18 as an antimetastatic tumor suppressor antagonizes AKT and NF‐κB signaling in breast tumorigenesis. Its methylation could be a potential tumor biomarker for breast cancer.
Chemical Composition, Antibacterial, Schistosomicidal, and Cytotoxic Activities of the Essential Oil of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Chenopodiaceae)
Authors: Soares Marina H. , Dias Herbert J. , Vieira Tatiana M. , de Souza Maria G. M. , Cruz Ana F. F. , Badoco Fernanda R. , Nicolella Heloiza D. , Cunha Wilson R. , Groppo Milton , Martins Carlos H. G. , Tavares Denise C. , Magalhães Lizandra G. , Crotti Antônio E. M.
Published: May 2017

We have investigated the chemical composition and the antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Chenopodiaceae) (DA‐EO) against a representative panel of cariogenic bacteria. We have also assessed the in vitro schistosomicidal effects of DA‐EO on Schistosoma mansoni and its cytotoxicity to GM07492‐A cells in vitro. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed that the monoterpenes cis‐piperitone oxide (35.2%), p‐cymene (14.5%), isoascaridole (14.1%), and α‐terpinene (11.6%) were identified by as the major constituents of DA‐EO. DA‐EO displayed weak activity against Streptococcus sobrinus and Enterococcus faecalis (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 1000 μg/ml). On the other hand, DA‐EO at 25 and 12.5 μg/ml presented remarkable schistosomicidal action in vitro and killed 100% of adult worm pairs within 24 and 72 h, respectively. The LC50 values of DA‐EO were 6.50 ± 0.38, 3.66 ± 1.06, and 3.65 ± 0.76 μg/ml at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. However, DA‐EO at concentrations higher than 312.5 μg/ml significantly reduced the viability of GM07492‐A cells (IC50 = 207.1 ± 4.4 μg/ml). The selectivity index showed that DA‐EO was 31.8 times more toxic to the adult S. mansoni worms than GM07492‐A cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate the promising schistosomicidal potential of the essential oil of Dysphania ambrosioides.
Polyadenine‐Modulated DNA Conformation Monitored by Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) on Multibranched Gold Nanoparticles and Its Sensing Application
Authors: Guo Jingxing , Chen Yunlong , Jiang Yongjia , Ju Huangxian
Published: May 2017

This work proposes a facile way to modulate the conformation of DNA from the “Lie‐Down” to the “Stand‐Up” conformation on the surface of multibranched gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This is realized by regulating the length of polyadenine (polyA) linked to the DNA sequence and/or the hybridization of this sequence with the target DNA, and can be monitored by the Raman signal owing to the excellent performance of multibranched AuNPs (AuNSs) as a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate and the distance change between the Raman reporter and the substrate. The probable mechanism, which depends on the repulsion of polyA from the sequence and the tip assembly, has also been probed through theoretical simulation using the finite difference time domain method. By virtue of this strategy, a conformation‐transformation‐based DNA@AuNS sensor is constructed for the identification of a specific oligonucleotide, which has been used for the detection of DNA sequences associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). This strategy leads to a novel sensing platform with good extendibility for DNA analysis, and provides a powerful protocol for facilitating the cognition of DNA conformation on metal surfaces.
Observation of Supramolecular Chirality in a Hierarchically Self‐Assembled Mixed‐Stack Charge‐Transfer Complex
Authors: Krishnan Sumesh Babu , Gopidas Karical Raman
Published: May 2017

Supramolecular chirality was observed in a charge‐transfer (CT) complex formed by self‐assembly of β‐cyclodextrin‐linked pyrene and adamantane‐linked pyromellitic diimide in water. In the complex, the pyrene–pyromellitic diimide CT interaction is reinforced several‐fold by the strong β‐cyclodextrin–adamantane inclusion binding interaction, as confirmed by 1H NMR, absorption, fluorescence and isothermal titration calorimetry studies. The CT complex exhibited high stability, as inferred from the temperature‐dependent absorption and NMR studies. The CT absorption band exhibited a positive Cotton effect indicative of supramolecular chirality for the complex. Twisted fibres were observed in TEM, AFM, and SEM experiments. A mechanism involving synergistic binding interactions leading to 2D sheets, followed by twisting of the sheet, is proposed for the formation of twisted fibres. This system offers a chance to investigate a combination of supramolecular CT and supramolecular chirality and explore their synergistic effects.
Ruthenium Complexes with Strongly Electron‐Donating Terpyridine Ligands: Effect of the Working Electrode on Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Properties
Authors: Klein Johannes , Stuckmann Alexandra , Sobottka Sebastian , Suntrup Lisa , van der Meer Margarethe , Hommes Paul , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich , Sarkar Biprajit
Published: May 2017

The combination of 2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridines (tpy) and RuII is known to deliver molecular and supramolecular assemblies with remarkable properties. Here new RuII complexes, with modified tpy ligands substituted with varying numbers of dimethlyamino groups, are presented. Electrochemistry shows that the incorporation of the strongly electron‐donating groups on the tpy ligands leads to a negative shift of the RuII oxidation potential by close to 1 V. The reductive electrochemical responses are strongly dependent on the nature of the working electrode, with glassy carbon and gold working electrodes showing the best results. These observations led to the development of a modified Optically Transparent Thin Layer Electrochemical (OTTLE) cell, based on a gold working electrode. The use of UV/Vis/NIR spectroelectrochemical methods with that OTTLE cell, together with simulations of the cyclic voltammograms, allowed the characterization of four reduction steps in these complexes, the final two of which lead to bond activations at the ruthenium center. This observation is to the best of our knowledge unprecedented in coordinatively saturated complexes of type [Ru(tpy)2]2+. The various redox states of the complexes were characterized by EPR spectroelectrochemistry and through DFT calculations. The results presented here establish these substituted tpy ligands as highly attractive ligands in coordination chemistry, and display the utility of a gold‐based OTTLE cell for spectroelectrochemical measurements.
Equilibrium, Kinetic and Structural Properties of Gallium(III) and Some Divalent Metal Complexes Formed with the New DATAm and DATA5m Ligands
Authors: Farkas Edit , Nagel Johannes , Waldron Bradley P. , Parker David , Tóth Imre , Brücher Ernő , Rösch Frank , Baranyai Zsolt
Published: May 2017

The development of 68Ge/68Ga generators has made the positron‐emitting 68Ga isotope widely accessible and raised interest in new chelate complexes of Ga3+. The hexadentate 1,4‐di(acetate)‐6‐methyl[amino(methyl)acetate]perhydro‐1,4‐diazepane (DATAm) ligand and its bifunctional analogue, 1,4‐di(acetate)‐6‐pentanoic acid[amino(methyl)acetate]perhydro‐1,4‐diazepane (DATA5m), rapidly form complexes with 68Ga in high radiochemical yield. The stability constants of DATAm and DATA5m complexes formed with Ga3+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Mn2+ and Ca2+ have been determined by using pH potentiometry, spectrophotometry (Cu2+) and 1H and 71Ga NMR spectroscopy (Ga3+). The stability constants of Ga(DATAm) and Ga(DATA5m) complexes are slightly higher than those of Ga(AAZTA). The species distribution calculations indicated the predominance of Ga(L)OH mixed‐hydroxo complexes at physiological pH. The 1H and 71Ga NMR spectroscopy studies provided information about the coordinated functional groups of ligands and on the kinetics of exchange between the Ga(L) and Ga(L)OH complexes. The transmetalation reactions between the Ga(L) complexes and Cu2+ citrate (6<pH<8.5) occur through both spontaneous and OH−‐assisted dissociation of the Ga(L)OH species. At pH 7.4 and 25 °C, the half‐lives of the dissociation of Ga(DATAm), Ga(DATA5m) and Ga(AAZTA) were 11, 44 and 24 h, respectively. Similar half‐lives have been obtained for the ligand‐exchange reactions between the Ga(L)OH complexes and transferrin. The equilibrium and kinetic data indicate that the Ga(DATA5m) complex is a good 68Ga‐based radiodiagnostic candidate.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of Phosphazane‐Based Frameworks
Authors: Sim Ying , Shi Yan X. , Ganguly Rakesh , Li Yongxin , García Felipe
Published: May 2017

Mechanochemistry is emerging as a powerful solvent‐free approach to chemical synthesis, having been applied to metal oxides, pharmaceutical materials, organic compounds and to a lesser extent, coordination complex synthesis. Notably, examples of applications of mechanochemical methodologies in the synthesis of main‐group compounds are few and far between. Herein, we demonstrate that ball milling enabled the solvent‐free synthesis of a range of phosphazane frameworks with a broad substrate scope, yielding seven new acyclic and macrocyclic species. The strength of this methodology is highlighted by a fast, selective and high‐conversion product generation from poorly soluble starting materials, thereby demonstrating mechanochemistry as a real alternative to solution‐based methods in synthetic main‐group chemistry.
Inkjet Printing of Aqueous Photoluminescent CdSe/CdS Nanorods on Solid Substrates
Authors: Lübkemann Franziska , Anselmann Ralf , Kodanek Torben , Bigall Nadja‐Carola
Published: May 2017

In order to deposit colloidal nanocrystals on different substrates, a large variety of methodologies have been developed, such as dipcoating, spin coating, or spray coating. The deposition of CdSe/CdS core‐shell nanorods (NRs) with a conventional office printer onto conducting tin‐doped indium oxide glass surfaces is presented. This involves the preparation of water‐based inks containing the NRs. To improve the connection between the CdSe/CdS NRs and the underlying substrates, the glass surfaces were modified by means of silanes. Homogeneous films were obtained by consecutively printing several layers of CdSe/CdS NRs.
The Density Distribution in Ribbons from Roll Compaction
Authors: Wiedey Raphael , Kleinebudde Peter
Published: May 2017

The most important quality attribute in roll compaction/dry granulation is the ribbon porosity, as it predominantly determines the granule porosity and granule size distribution. The porosity, however, is not distributed homogeneously over the ribbon. In this study the porosity distribution was investigated using X‐ray micro‐computed tomography and demonstrated that characteristic distribution patterns exist over all three spatial directions, the ribbon length, width, and thickness. In detail the distribution patterns depend on the sealing system.
Development of Element Technology for 1 STEP Biomarker Protein Analysis Device Using Silver Nanoparticle–Contained Hydrogel and Reagent‐Immobilized Cartridge
Authors: YAMAMOTO KENZO , SUEYOSHI KENJI , HISAMOTO HIDEAKI , ENDO TATSURO
Published: May 2017

We fabricated 1 STEP biomarker protein analysis device using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)‐contained hydrogel and reagent‐immobilized cartridge. Specific color change of AgNPs based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) was applied to develop the novel colorimetric protein analysis device. In this report, we constructed this device by four components, AgNPs‐contained hydrogel, glucose oxidase (GOx) antibody release pad, glucose release pad, and antibody‐immobilized membrane. AgNPs‐contained hydrogel detected 0.001 to 10 μg/mL GOx‐antibody. AgNPs‐contained hydrogel absorbance became altered 90.0% GOx release pad as compared to GOx‐antibody solution under the reaction time 60 min. AgNPs‐contained hydrogel absorbance became altered 98.4% glucose release pad as compared to glucose solution under the reaction time 60 min. We applied AgNPs‐contained hydrogel and antibody‐immobilized membrane to detect human immunoglobulin G (IgG). As a result, we found these could detect 1 μg/mL or lower concentration of human IgG.
Potential impacts of overlapping land‐use and climate in a sensitive dryland: a case study of the Colorado Plateau, USA
Authors: Copeland Stella M. , Bradford John B. , Duniway Michael C. , Schuster Rudy M.
Published: May 2017

The combination of co‐occurring climate change and increasing land‐use is likely to affect future environmental and socioeconomic conditions in drylands; these hyper‐arid to sub‐humid landscapes are limited by water resources and prone to land degradation. We characterized the potential for geographic overlap among land‐use practices and between land‐use and climate change on the Colorado Plateau—a dryland region experiencing rapid changes in land‐use and facing aridification. We characterized spatial patterns and temporal trends in aridification, land‐use, and recreation at the county and 10‐km2 grid scales. Increasing trends and overlapping areas of high intensity for use, including oil and gas development and recreation, and climate drying, suggest areas with high potential to experience detrimental effects to the recreation economy, water availability, vegetation and wildlife habitat, and spiritual and cultural resources. Patterns of overlap in high‐intensity land‐use and climate drying differ from the past, indicating the potential for novel impacts and suggesting that land managers and planners may require new strategies to adapt to changing conditions. This analytical framework for assessing the potential impacts of overlapping land‐use and climate change could be applied with other drivers of change or to other regions to create scenarios at various spatial scales in support of natural resource planning efforts.
(Amido)‐ and (Chlorido)titanium and ‐zirconium Complexes Coordinated by ansa‐Bis(amidinate) Ligands with a Rigid o‐Phenylene Linker
Authors: Tolpygin Aleksei O. , Luconi Lapo , Shavyrin Andrei S. , Tuci Giulia , Cherkasov Anton V. , Rossin Andrea , Fukin Georgy K. , Giambastiani Giuliano , Trifonov Alexander A.
Published: May 2017

Bis(amido)–TiIV and –ZrIV complexes stabilized by the bis(amidinate) ligands {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(tBu)N(2,6‐R2C6H3)]2}M(NMe2)2 [M = ZrIV, R = Me (3), R = iPr (4); M = TiIV, R = Me (5), R = iPr (6)] and {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(tBu)N(2,6‐Me2C6H3)]2}Zr(NMe2)3H (3·HNMe2) were prepared in fairly good yields by treating a (bis)amidine ligand C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(tBu)N(2,6‐R2C6H3)H]2 [R = Me (1), iPr (2)] with an equimolar amount of the metal precursor M(NMe2)4 (M = ZrIV, TiIV). The salt metathesis reactions between equimolar amounts of the sodium amidinates C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(tBu)N(2,6‐R2C6H3)]2Na2 and ZrCl4(thf)2 were also scrutinized to synthesize the corresponding ZrIV bis(amidinate) dichlorides {C6H4‐1,2‐[NC(tBu)N(2,6‐R2C6H3)]2}ZrCl2 [R = Me (7), iPr (8)]. The coordination mode of the ligand to the MIV ions was strongly affected by the steric hindrance of the amidinate ligand (Me‐ vs. iPr‐substituted aniline moieties) as well as by the nature of the ancillary groups bound to the metal center (NMe2 vs. Cl). The bis(amido) ligand with the 2,6‐Me2C6H3 substituents at the amidinate nitrogen atoms coordinates to the zirconium ion in a tetradentate fashion both in solution and in the solid state (3 and 3·HNMe2). The compounds containing the bulkier 2,6‐iPr2C6H3 units prefer a tridentate coordination mode (4). With the smaller TiIV ion, the bis(amidinate) ligands from this series are tridentate in the solid state (5 and 6), whereas they reversibly switch their denticity from tridentate to tetradentate (κ3 vs. κ4) in solution depending on the temperature. The ZrIV complex 4, featuring the bulkier bis(amidinate) ligand 2, shows a behavior similar to that of its TiIV analogue, that is, a tridentate ligand coordination in the solid state and a temperature‐induced denticity change in solution. The standard thermodynamic parameters for the κ3/κ4 interconversions of the two model compounds 4 and 5 in [D8]toluene solution were determined from the respective linear van't Hoff plots. Finally, the ZrIV bis(chloride) complexes 7 and 8 invariably show a tetracoordinate mode for their bis(amidinate) ligands (1 and 2) in solution and in the solid state.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Amination of Aryl Carbamates with Ammonia
Authors: Schranck Johannes , Furer Patrick , Hartmann Veronika , Tlili Anis
Published: May 2017

Aryl carbamates were employed in the nickel‐catalyzed monoarylation of ammonia. The applied, well‐defined single‐component nickel(II) precatalyst contains a Josiphos ligand, is air‐stable, and operates without any ancillary reductant. This catalyst system also promotes the amination of aryl carbamates with ammonium sulfate as well as with hydrochloride salts of primary alkylamines. Their easy preparation, robustness, and directing group ability makes aryl carbamates particularly attractive synthetic intermediates.
Oligonucleotide probes functionalization of nanogap electrodes
Authors: Zaffino Rosa Letizia , Mir Mònica , Samitier Josep
Published: May 2017

Nanogap electrodes have attracted a lot of consideration as promising platform for molecular electronic and biomolecules detection. This is mainly for their higher aspect ratio, and because their electrical properties are easily accessed by current‐voltage measurements. Nevertheless, application of standard current‐voltages measurements used to characterize nanogap response, and/or to modify specific nanogap electrodes properties, represents an issue. Since the strength of electrical fields in nanoscaled devices can reach high values, even at low voltages. Here, we analyzed the effects induced by different methods of surface modification of nanogap electrodes, in test‐voltage application, employed for the electrical detection of a desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) target. Nanogap electrodes were functionalized with two antisymmetric oligo‐probes designed to have 20 terminal bases complementary to the edges of the target, which after hybridization bridges the nanogap, closing the electrical circuit. Two methods of functionalization were studied for this purpose; a random self‐assembling of a mixture of the two oligo‐probes (OPs) used in the platform, and a selective method that controls the position of each OP at selected side of nanogap electrodes. We used for this aim, the electrophoretic effect induced on negatively charged probes by the application of an external direct current voltage. The results obtained with both functionalization methods where characterized and compared in terms of electrode surface covering, calculated by using voltammetry analysis. Moreover, we contrasted the electrical detection of a DNA target in the nanogap platform either in site‐selective and in randomly assembled nanogap. According to our results, a denser, although not selective surface functionalization, is advantageous for such kind of applications.
Centrifugal‐driven, reduced‐dimension, planar chromatography
Authors: Strickhouser Rachel B. , Hatab Nahla A. , Lavrik Nickolay V. , Sepaniak Michael J.
Published: May 2017

A fundamental problem with efficiency in capillary action driven planar chromatography results from diminishing flow rates as development proceeds, giving rise to molecular diffusion related band dispersion for most sample types. Overpressure and electrokinetic means to speed flow have been used successfully in TLC. We explore the use of centrifugal force (CF) to drive flow for reduced‐dimension planar platforms (ultra‐TLC, low micrometer features, and nano‐TLC, nanoscale features). The silicon wafer platforms have two forms of continuous 2D arrays created by either photolithography or metal dewetting followed by deep reactive ion etching and coated with porous SiO2. The flow pattern is unusual with co‐planar flows above and within the arrays. The effects of parameters such as spin rate, solvent type, and surface character on flow rates is established and can be substantially greater than capillary action flow. Using fluorescent dyes, we investigate retardation factors and chromatographic plate height; the latter falls in the low to sub‐micrometer range. To the best of our knowledge, we demonstrate the first analytical separations performed in pillar arrays using CF to augment solvent flow.
Force‐displacement model for solid confined masonry walls with shear‐dominated failure mode
Authors: Yekrangnia Mohammad , Bakhshi Ali , Ghannad Mohammad Ali
Published: May 2017

This paper addresses the behavior of confined masonry walls with dominating shear failure mode in walls. For this purpose, failure modes of these walls are classified in details. For each failure mode, complete set of analytical‐based relations for deriving parameters related to backbone curves is introduced. Calibrated finite element analyses are utilized as a benchmark for verification of some of the assumptions. The results of the proposed relations are compared with those of several Iranian and non‐Iranian experimental data. Sensitivity analysis is performed in order to understand the effects of important behavioral characteristics of these walls. The results of this study indicate that the proposed relations can accurately simulate behavior of confined masonry walls with dominating shear failure mode regardless of the failure mode in the ties. Moreover, it is concluded that the detailing limitations given in the Iranian Seismic Code are rationally compatible with the behavioral characteristics of confided masonry walls. The results of this study in terms of backbone curves can be utilized as the complementary part to this code. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Freshwater biomonitoring in the Information Age
Authors: Keck François , Vasselon Valentin , Tapolczai Kálmán , Rimet Frédéric , Bouchez Agnès
Published: May 2017

Freshwaters worldwide face serious threats, making their protection increasingly important. Freshwater monitoring has historically produced valuable data and continues to develop. Rapid improvements to biomolecular techniques are revolutionizing the way scientists describe biological communities and are bringing about major changes in biomonitoring. Combined with high‐throughput sequencing, DNA metabarcoding is fast and cost‐effective, generating massive amounts of data. In a world with numerous ecological threats, “big data” constitute a tremendous opportunity to improve the efficiency of biological monitoring. These fundamental changes in biomonitoring will require freshwater ecologists and environmental managers to reconsider how they handle large amounts of data.
Alterations of resting‐state fMRI measurements in individuals with cervical dystonia
Authors: Li Zhihao , Prudente Cecília N. , Stilla Randall , Sathian K. , Jinnah H. A. , Hu Xiaoping
Published: May 2017

Cervical dystonia (CD) is a neurological disorder with typical symptoms of involuntary and abnormal movements and postures of the head. CD‐associated alterations of functional brain networks have not been well characterized. Previous studies of CD using resting‐state functional MRI (rfMRI) are limited in two aspects: (i) the analyses were not directly focused on the functional brain network related to head movement and (ii) rfMRI measurements other than functional connectivity (FC) were not investigated. The present study examined alterations of FC in CD by capitalizing on newly identified brain regions supporting isometric head rotation (Prudente et al.: J Neurosci 35 (2015) 9163–9172). In addition to FC, which only reflects inter‐regional signal synchronization, local, or intraregional alterations were also examined using rfMRI measurements of the fractional amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations and regional homogeneity (ReHo). Finally, with alterations of different rfMRI measures identified, a support vector machine (SVM) learning algorithm was implemented for group classification. The results revealed both inter‐ (FC) and intra‐regional (ReHo) alterations extensively distributed in both cortical and subcortical structures; and common alterations of these measures were identified bilaterally in the postcentral gyrus as well as in the basal ganglia and thalamus. Of the rfMRI features examined, seven of them (four FC and three ReHo measures) survived the SVM procedure of recursive feature elimination and together provided the highest group classification accuracy of 90.6%. The present findings extend previous studies of rfMRI in CD and offer insight into the underlying pathophysiology of the disorder in relation to network dysfunction and somatosensory disturbances. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4098–4108, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Supervisors' Perspective on Their Role in Transfer of Training
Authors: Govaerts Natalie , Kyndt Eva , Vreye Soraya , Dochy Filip
Published: May 2017

The literature has indicated that support of the supervisor is critical for employees to transfer the competences developed during training to their job. However, little is known about which specific supervisor behaviors and attitudes enhance transfer of training. An earlier systematic literature review demonstrated the multidimensionality of supervisor support and discerned 24 categories. The aim of this empirical study is to validate this multidimensional framework and to discover what supervisor support means in practice by exploring how supervisors take up their role in transfer of training. The present study reports on a qualitative study in which 16 supervisors were interviewed about how they experience and display support in training transfer. Findings show that the majority of the 24 categories of specific supervisor support are provided in practice. However, it appears that, particularly, involvement in training selection, coaching learning and transfer, and participation in training characterize the role of the supervisor in transfer of training. The findings furthermore reveal 83 specific approaches, strategies, actions, and attitudes that supervisors report to use to enact each particular category of support for transfer of training.
The role of men in induced abortion decision making in an urban area of the Philippines
Authors: Hirz Alanna E. , Avila Josephine L. , Gipson Jessica D.
Published: May 2017

Objective

To understand beliefs about unintended pregnancy and abortion, and perceptions about male roles related to pregnancy decision‐making among men in the Philippines.

Methods

Qualitative data were collected during in‐depth interviews and focus group discussions with men in an urban area of the Philippines between October 2007 and July 2008. Interview participants were purposively sampled from a local survey based on their having reported being “afraid or troubled” or “afraid and planned to terminate” in response to a recent pregnancy. Focus group participants were selected from the same communities. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method.

Results

In‐depth interview data from 15 men—each interviewed twice—and five focus group discussions were included. Male interview participants reported feeling morally responsible for the pregnancy and as wanting to avoid the “sin” of induced abortion; however, they were concerned about being able to support a family financially. Participants expressed resentment towards partners who attempted or completed an induced abortion without their knowledge. In such cases, men would disparage their partner and cease interacting with them to avoid the “sin” of induced abortion.

Conclusion

Participants described negative feelings towards women seeking induced abortions, and their own desire to avoid associated “sin”. This highlights the effects of unintended pregnancy and induced abortion on young Filipino men, including their own experience of abortion stigma.
Using propensity score matching to evaluate the effect of complementary medicine on clinical and embryologic outcomes of in vitro fertilization
Authors: Porat‐Katz Anat , Eldar‐Geva Talia , Kahane Arik , Paltiel Ora
Published: May 2017

Objective

To evaluate associations between using complementary medical therapies (CMTs) and embryologic and clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Methods

The present prospective questionnaire‐based cohort study enrolled women aged 18–44 years undergoing their first, second, or third IVF cycle using their own oocytes at a large IVF clinic in Israel between February 1, 2013, and July 31, 2015. Clinical and embryologic data were obtained from patient records and patients completed a self‐administered questionnaire that included details of any CMTs used to treat infertility. Propensity score matching was used and the proportion of top‐quality embryos was compared between CMT users and non‐users.

Results

The study enrolled 400 participants and 134 (33.5%) reported using CMT to treat infertility. In an unmatched analysis, reduced endometrium thickness was observed among CMT users (P=0.020); differences were not observed for embryologic or other clinical parameters. Following propensity score matching, reduced endometrial thickness (P=0.046), and a lower proportion (P=0.046) and number (P=0.040) of top‐quality embryos were observed among CMT users in comparison with patients who did not use CMTs.

Conclusions

Using CMTs was associated with inferior clinical and embryologic outcomes; using CMTs during IVF treatment could contribute to adverse outcomes.
Population‐based cohort study of the effect of endometrial cancer classification and treatment criteria on long‐term survival
Authors: Svanvik Teresia , Sundfeldt Karin , Strömberg Ulf , Holmberg Erik , Marcickiewicz Janusz
Published: May 2017

Objective

To evaluate if increased individualization in endometrial cancer classification/treatment affected relative survival.

Methods

The present retrospective register‐based population study included data from all women in the western Swedish healthcare region who were treated for endometrial cancer between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2011. Outcomes and prognostic data were retrieved from the western Swedish healthcare region's cancer and clinical endometrial cancer registries. Patients were stratified based on two different treatment programs (cohort 1 January 1, 1995, to September 10, 2006, and cohort 2 September 11, 2006, to December 31, 2011) and relative survival was compared.

Results

Data from 4338 patients were included; 2936 in cohort 1 and 1402 in cohort 2. Among endometrioid endometrial carcinomas, the 5‐year relative survival rate for did not differ significantly between the groups (P=0.751); radiotherapy was used more frequently in cohort 1 (P<0.001). Among non‐endometrioid endometrial carcinomas, relative survival was lower in cohort 1 (P=0.006); radiotherapy use was more frequent in cohort 1 and chemotherapy use was more frequent in cohort 2 (P<0.001).

Conclusion

Increased individualization in endometrioid endometrial cancer management did not improve relative survival. Improved relative survival was observed for non‐endometrioid endometrial cancer; possibly due to increased adjuvant chemotherapy use.
Development of a SiYAlON glaze for improved osteoconductivity of implantable medical devices
Authors: Bock Ryan M. , Marin Elia , Rondinella Alfredo , Boschetto Francesco , Adachi Tetsuya , McEntire Bryan J. , Bal B. Sonny , Pezzotti Giuseppe
Published: May 2017

The application of bioactive coatings onto orthopaedic appliances is commonly performed to compensate for the otherwise bioinert nature of medical devices and to improve their osseointegration. Calcium phosphates, hydroxyapatite (HAp), and bioglasses are commercially available for this purpose. Until recently, few other inorganic compounds have been identified with similar biofunctionality. However, silicon nitride (Si3N4) has emerged as a new orthopaedic material whose unique surface chemistry also enhances osteoconductivity. Recent research has confirmed that its minority intergranular phase, consisting of silicon yttrium aluminum oxynitride (SiYAlON), is principally responsible for this improvement. As a result, it was hypothesized that SiYAlON itself might serve as an effective osteoconductive coating or glaze for medical devices. To test this hypothesis, a process inspired by traditional ceramic whiteware glazing was developed. A slurry containing ingredients similar to the intergranular SiYAlON composition was applied to a Si3N4surface, which was then subjected to a heat treatment to form a glaze. Various analytical tools were employed to assess its chemistry and morphology. It was found that the glaze was comprised predominately of Y5Si3O12N, a compound commonly referred to as N‐apatite, which is isostructural to native HAp. Subsequent exposure of the glazed surface to acellular simulated body fluid led to increased deposition of biomimetic HAp‐like crystals, while exposure to Saos‐2 osteosarcoma cellsin vitroresulted in greater HAp deposition relative to control samples. The observation that SiYAlON exhibits enhanced osteoconductivity portends its potential as a therapeutic aid in bone and tissue repair. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1084–1096, 2018.
Electrospun polyethersolfone nanofibrous membrane as novel platform for protein immobilization in microfluidic systems
Authors: Mahmoudifard Matin , Vossoughi Manouchehr , Soudi Sara , Soleimani Masoud
Published: May 2017

In the present study, the feasibility of electrospun polyethersolfone (PES) nanofibrous membrane as the solid substrate for microfluidic based immunoassays to enhance the density of immobilized antibody on the surface of membrane was assessed. Conversely, the efficacy of antibody immobilization was compared by two different strategies as 1‐Ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐carbodiimide (EDC)/N‐Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) coupling chemistry and hydrophobic interaction. Compared to conventional immunoassays carried out in plates or gels, microfluidic based immunoassays grant a lot of advantages such as a consumption of little samples and reagents, shorter analysis time, and higher efficiency. Therefore, microfluidic immunoassays can be efficiently used as a point‐of‐care device in medical diagnosis. Surprisingly, we found the increase of specific surface areas of the microfluidic channels improve density of immobilized proteins and leads to higher signal strength. Anti‐staphylococcus enterotoxin B (anti‐SEB) was used as an analyte model to demonstrate the utility of our proposed platform. Fluorescent microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR), gas adsorption, contact angle, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Uv‐Vis spectrophotometer and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were used to assess the efficacy of antibody immobilization on the surface. To understand dominant mechanism of protein immobilization, zeta potential measurement was also carried out and it was found electrostatic attraction play significant role in antibody immobilization running into micro‐ channels containing through EDC/NHS. Moreover, incorporation of nanofibrous membrane causes significant improvement in the signal detection of microfluidic based immunoassay. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1108–1120, 2018.
Antibacterial efficacy of poly(vinyl alcohol) composite nanofibers embedded with silver‐anchored silica nanoparticles
Authors: Jatoi Abdul Wahab , Jo Yun Kee , Lee Hoik , Oh Seong‐Geun , Hwang Dong Soo , Khatri Zeeshan , Cha Hyung Joon , Kim Ick Soo
Published: May 2017

Silver has been widely used as an effective antibacterial agent especially for treating burns and wounds. However, release of silver from materials often arouse side effects due to toxicity of silver towards mammalian cells. Argyria and argyrosis are well known problems of acute toxicity of silver towards human body. Immobilization of silver is an effective approach to reduce silver release. Herein, we present poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite nanofibers embedded with silver‐anchored silica nanoparticles (SSNs) as a novel antibacterial material. Silver nanoparticles anchored on silica nanoparticles were prepared and incorporated into PVA nanofibers to fabricate silver‐silica embedded PVA nanofibers (SSN‐PVA) by electrospinning. Incorporation of SSNs into PVA was confirmed by TEM and SEM results revealed regular nanofibers whose diameter increased with successive addition of SSNs. The SSN‐PVA nanofibers showed significant antibacterial efficacy against both Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria. Our research results demonstrated SSN‐embedded polymeric nanofibers can open up a promising prospect for the prevention of bacterial infection in diverse biomedical fields including wound dressing. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1121–1128, 2018.
A Systematic Review of the Effect of Therapists’ Internalized Models of Relationships on the Quality of the Therapeutic Relationship
Authors: Steel Catherine , Macdonald James , Schroder Thomas
Published: May 2017

Objective

Previous reviews have found equivocal evidence of an association between therapists’ internalized relational models and the therapeutic relationship and have neglected empirical literature based on Sullivan's notion of introject. This review expanded upon previous reviews to examine the effect of therapist internalized relational models on a broader conceptualization of the therapeutic relationship.

Method

Systematic search processes identified 22 papers measuring therapist attachment and/or introject and therapeutic relationship: 19 on therapist attachment, 5 on introject with 2 overlapping.

Results

Overall, despite heterogeneity in design and variable methodological quality, evidence suggests that therapist attachment affects therapeutic relationship quality, observed in client‐rated evaluation, therapist negative countertransference, empathy, and problems in therapy. Interaction effects between client and therapist attachment style were also found. Evidence suggesting that therapist introject also affects therapeutic relationship quality, including therapists’ manner and feelings toward their clients, was stronger.

Conclusion

Evidence clearly shows that therapists’ internalized relational models affect the therapeutic relationship. More research is necessary to clarify exactly how therapist and client internalized relational models interact and translate these findings into clinical practice.
Professional Burnout, Early Maladaptive Schemas, and Physical Health in Clinical and Counselling Psychology Trainees
Authors: Kaeding April , Sougleris Christina , Reid Corinne , van Vreeswijk Michiel F. , Hayes Christopher , Dorrian Jill , Simpson Susan
Published: May 2017

Objective

Little is known about the personal factors that increase vulnerability to job‐related stress and burnout among psychologists in training. This study was based on a large international sample and aimed to explore the role of early maladaptive schemas (EMS) in predicting vulnerability to burnout, as well as attendant effects on short‐term physical health, in clinical and counseling postgraduate psychology trainees.

Method

An online, quantitative, cross‐sectional survey method design was used to collect self‐report data that measured burnout, EMS, and physical health from 1,297 trainees.

Results

Only the unrelenting standards (US) schema predicted high burnout among trainees. The most commonly endorsed physical health symptoms were back and neck pain and tiredness, and were more severe for those experiencing high burnout.

Conclusion

The current study contributes to our understanding of the role of the US EMS in the evolution of burnout in trainees and has implications for the development of self‐awareness training programs for this population.
Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal by combined anammox and denitrifying phosphorus removal process
Authors: Zhang Meijiao , Qiao Sen , Shao Donghai , Jin Ruofei , Zhou Jiti
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUND

Single‐stage nitrogen removal using anammox and partial nitrification process (SNAP process) is a promising process to treat low C/N wastewater relying on ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria. However, excess nitrate (NO3−) in effluent is a common problem for the SNAP process. The denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPAO) process using NO3− as electron acceptor was adopted to reduce nitrate in effluent from the SNAP process, while phosphorus removal was also achieved simultaneously. Thus, a novel combined process (DPAO‐SNAP process) was established to achieve nitrogen and phosphorus removal simultaneously.

RESULTS

The DPAO‐SNAP process achieved average 95.7% chemical oxygen demand, 98.2% total nitrogen and 97.8% total phosphorus removal efficiencies during stable stages. Furthermore, Candidatus Kuenenia and Nitrosomonas were identified as the dominant genus for anammox bacteria and AOB, respectively. Defluviicoccus was enriched as the glycogen‐accumulating microorganism (GAOs) for the DPAO process with acetate as the carbon source, while Rhodocyclales was the dominant genus in the DPAO process with mixed carbon source.

CONCLUSION

This DPAO‐SNAP process could not only resolve the problem of effluent NO3− in the SNAP process but also simultaneously achieved high removal efficiency of COD, TN and TP with a low need for carbon sources (COD/N/P=25:15:1). © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Subcellular distribution of calcium during spermatogenesis of zebrafish, Danio rerio
Authors: Golpour Amin , Pšenička Martin , Niksirat Hamid
Published: May 2017

Calcium plays a variety of vital regulatory functions in many physiological and biochemical events in the cell. The aim of this study was to describe the ultrastructural distribution of calcium during different developmental stages of spermatogenesis in a model organism, the zebrafish (Danio rerio), using a combined oxalate–pyroantimonate technique. Samples were treated by potassium oxalate and potassium pyroantimonate during two fixation stages and examined using transmission electron microscopy to detect electron dense intracellular calcium. The subcellular distribution of intracellular calcium was characterized in spermatogonium, spermatocyte, spermatid, and spermatozoon stages. The area which is covered by intracellular calcium in different stages was quantified and compared using software. Isolated calcium deposits were mainly detectable in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the spermatogonium and spermatocyte. In the spermatid, calcium was partially localized in the cytoplasm as isolated deposits. However, most calcium was transformed from isolated deposits into an unbound pool (free calcium) within the nucleus of the spermatid and the spermatozoon. Interestingly, in the spermatozoon, calcium was mainly localized in a form of an unbound pool which was detectable as an electron‐dense mass within the nucleus. Also, sporadic calcium deposits were scattered in the midpiece and flagellum. The proportional area which was covered by intracellular calcium increased significantly from early to late stages of spermatogenesis. The extent of the area which was covered by intracellular calcium in the spermatozoon was the highest compared to earlier stages. Calcium deposits were also observed in the somatic cells (Sertoli, myoid, Leydig) of zebrafish testis. The notable changes in the distribution of intracellular calcium of germ cells during different developmental stages of zebrafish spermatogenesis suggest its different homeostasis and physiological functions during the process of male gamete development.
A microstructural study of the pleon‐holding mechanism in Carcinus maenas (Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunoidea, Carcinidae) of different sizes
Authors: Köhnk Stephanie , Gorb Stanislav N. , Brandis Dirk
Published: May 2017

Within the Brachyura there are a variety of specialized holding mechanisms, which facilitate the close attachment of the highly reduced pleon underneath the cephalothorax. The most common mechanism in eubrachyurans, known as the press‐button, consists of a sternal protrusion and a corresponding pleonal socket. Reports on the microstructural properties of the surface of these holding structures are scarce and patchy. In this study, the European Green Crab Carcinus maenas, is used as model to describe the microstructure of a typical press‐button mechanism with the use of scanning electron microscopy and light microscopic histology. A highly tuberculate cuticle and an apical ridge on the sternal knob are found in juveniles of both sexes. The microstructures are lost in adult males. In adult females, the holding structures themselves are reduced, but never completely lost. These findings show that C. maenas does not undergo a single “final puberty moult,” after which all juvenile characteristics are lost, as previously assumed. Further comparison of the morphology of juveniles to another species indicates a close resemblance of the holding structures at this stage. Therefore, the use of the microstructure of the pleon‐holding mechanism for phylogenetic analysis is restricted to adult specimens.