bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El proceso de mejora continua en los programas de posgrado: el caso de la Maestría del CIRA/UNAN-Managua
Authors: Pacheco Perla Lorena Evelyn , Delgado Quezada Valeria
Published: March 2022

La resistencia a los procesos de mejora continua en los programas de educación superior es un problema latente en menor o mayor grado en las universidades públicas y privadas de Latinoamérica. Sin embargo, esta se ha venido superando por medio de i) la comprensión de los fines y objetivos de estos procesos; ii) la realización de capacitaciones específicas en la gestión de la calidad y la evaluación continua de la educación superior; iii) el diseño y apropiación de las metodologías y herramientas de evaluación; iv) la implementación de estrategias y mecanismos desarrollados y planificados para este fin; v) el reconocimiento de la importancia de la contribución científica y social de los programas para el desarrollo sostenible; y vi) la valorización de los beneficios obtenidos para las instituciones de la educación superior. En el marco de los procesos de autoevaluación y acreditación de los programas de posgrado de las IES se presenta la experiencia integradora de estos procesos a través del aprendizaje vivido durante los seis ciclos del Programa de Maestría Regional Centroamericana en Ciencias del agua con énfasis en calidad del agua del Centro para la Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos de Nicaragua (MCA, CIRA/UNAN-Managua), como un ejemplo de la implementación y apropiación de estos procesos siguiendo los pasos fundamentales para lograr una articulación de las necesidades y prioridades académicas, administrativas y de sostenibilidad financiera de los posgrados, que sea pertinente y adecuada con las exigencias de la sociedad nicaragüense. Como evidencia de los avances alcanzados en el proceso de mejora continua de la MCA se puede mencionar el haber sido el primer programa de posgrado nicaragüense acreditado por CSUCA-SICAR (período 2008-2013) lo que a su vez ha permitido el reconocimiento a nivel regional de la calidad académica del programa, una mayor movilidad académica de docentes y estudiantes; y mayores oportunidades para garantizar la sostenibilidad del posgrado, entre otras oportunidades.
Manifestações e o estado policial
Authors: Silva Sergio
Published: March 2022

Este ensaio fotográfico aborda minha trajetória no fotojornalismo, com particular ênfase nos duros episódios de violência policial de junho de 2013, os quais vêm, desde então, compondo a paisagem urbana das manifestações de rua no país. A manifestação de 13 de junho de 2013, duramente reprimida pela polícia militar de São Paulo, pode ser compreendida como um ponto de inflexão não apenas na minha vida, mas como um exemplo da escalada autoritária que já começava a dar sinais claros na direção da consolidação do Estado policial. Desde então, dedico-me a registrar e a combater das mais variadas maneiras todas as formas de violência policial e, de modo muito especial, por meio de imagens, como se pode depreender deste ensaio fotográfico.
Racionalidade neoliberal e uma abordagem segura de vida: práticas restaurativas para a formação do humano resiliente e o combate às vulnerabilidades
Authors: Wilke Helena Cecília Barreto Bruno
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo tratará de alguns dos atuais equacionamentos e efeitos da chamada Justiça Restaurativa (JR) em crianças e jovens. Em primeiro lugar, questiona-se como opera a seletividade do sistema penal no contínuo produzido pela JR, que articula a prevenção de conflitos e novas penalizações, transitando entre Varas da Infância e da Juventude, escolas, bairros e comunidades em prol da construção de ambientes seguros. Em segundo lugar, o artigo se concentra nas diretrizes da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) sobre a JR no Brasil. Uma vez que a abordagem do desenvolvimento humano da ONU estabelece que os investimentos em capital humano devem ser aplicados desde a infância, também por meio da promoção de resiliência e do combate às chamadas vulnerabilidades – conceitos-chave para a metodologia restaurativa conforme formulada pela ONU –, problematiza-se em que medida este formato de JR apresenta-se em consonância com a racionalidade neoliberal assentada em uma abordagem securitária de vida.
Tourism Development Strategy in Wewengkon Adat Kesepuhan Citorek as A Tourist Attraction in Lebak Regency
Authors: Sahroniah Nur , Sari Nurlela , Prihartini Diah , Nurazizah Mulkiah , Adinda Putri Sutriyani , Muslimah Hikmayatul , Aliyah Aliyah , Alberto Bryan , Firdaus Firdaus , Prasetya Mega Jaya Belardo
Published: March 2022

Community service is integrated with the online KKM of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University. Which aims to increase the attractiveness of tourists to come to tourism in Wewengkon Adat Kasepuhan Citorek. There are natural attractions, namely Mount Luhur (The Country above the Clouds), Mount Keneng and Strawberry Gardens. The attractiveness of tourists in the tourism sector must of course be improved so that the economy of the surrounding community recovers, therefore a strategy is needed that can attract tourists to come to the tour, many facilities must be added such as photo spots, camping, typical food of Wewengkon Adat Kasepuhan Citorek and also road infrastructure improvement. To introduce tourism in the Kesepuhan Citorek Traditional Wewengkon, we can promote it through existing social media, such as YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and others. As well as making a tourist Vlog Video as one of the activities included in the main program in the field of governance carried out by KKM students group 4 Citorek Sabrang Village
ANALISIS POTENSI ENERGI ANGIN MENJADI ENERGI LISTRIK MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI ZEPHYRUS WIND METER DI PESISIR PANTAI UTARA TUBAN
Authors: Hindun Hindiyati Siti , Sudarti Sudarti
Published: March 2022

Adanya perkembangan teknologi yang mengikuti globalisasi selaras dengan adanya pertumbuhan penduduk yang semakin meningkat. Hal ini menyebabkan kebutuhan energy ikut meningkat seperti bahan bakar mesin (BBM). Indonesia memiliki potensi energy sangat besar, namun belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal dalam pengaplikasian energy alternative, salah satunya adalah energy angina. Penelitian ini dilakukan di pantai utara Tuban pada 5 titik dengan 10 kali pengukuran dengan 5 jam variasi. Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan, untuk mengetahui potensi angina pantai utara jawa, Tuban. Dari hasil pengukuran kecepatan angina didapatkan kecepatan rata-rata angina dari 5 titik yang dilakukan jam 07.39-19.14 secara berturut-turut adalah 2,2m/s, 4,9m/s, 7,76m/s, 4,8m/s, 3m/s dengan kecepatan angina tertinggi pada jam ke 3 (11.42-12.27) karena megalami angin lautr. Dari hasil perhitungan kecepatan angina pada jam ke-1 yaitu 243,286watt, kemudian pada jam ke-2 sebesar 661,99watt, lalu pada jam ke-3 sebesar 2.240,19watt, lalu pada jam ke-4 sebesar 690,17watt dan jam ke-5 sebesar 707,02watt. Dari hasil tersebut, dapat dibuktikan bahwa Pantai Utara Jawa, Tuban memiliki potensi yang cukup besar untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Angin yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk umum.
ASSESSING PHOTOGRAMMETRY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MONUMENTAL BUILDINGS’ CRACK DIGITAL DETECTION
Authors: Maroun Said , Khalifa Mostafa , Mohareb Nabil
Published: March 2022

Natural and human-made disasters have significant impacts on monumental buildings, threatening them from being deteriorated. If no rapid consolidations took into consideration traumatic accidents would endanger the existence of precious sites. In this context, Beirut's enormous 4th of August 2020 explosion damaged an estimated 640 historical monuments, many volunteers assess damages for more than a year to prevent the more crucial risk of demolitions. This research aims to assist the collaboration ability among photogrammetry science, Artificial Intelligence Model (AIM) and Architectural Coding to optimize the process for better coverage and scientific approach of data specific to the crack disorders to build a comprehensive model consolidation technique. Despite the current technological improvement, the restoration of the existing monument is a challenging and lengthy process where the actual site situation's re-ignitions consume enormous time, from assessing the damages to establishing the restoration relying on human resource developments and manual drawings.
Pemberdayaan Warga Tunagrahita Melalui Pengembangan Usaha Batik Ciprat di Desa Karangpatihan Kec. Balong Kab. Ponorogo
Authors: Aviani Nafisa Isna
Published: March 2022

Dalam pengembangan usaha diperlukan tenaga kerja yang terampil dan berpengalaman, dalam pengembangan usaha batik ciprat di Karangpatihan pada warga tungrahita masih kurang efektif, ditunjukkan pada produksi yang tidak bisa menerima pesanan dalam jumlah banyak dikarenakan keterbatasan tenaga kerja. Artikel ini akan menganalisis strategi pengembangan usaha batik ciprat yang telah diterapkan pada warga tunagrahita Karangpatihan, serta strategi pengembangan usaha batik ciprat menggunakan analisis SWOT. Jenis penelitian termasuk penelitian lapangan yang menggambarkan fenomena secara apa adanya. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mendeskripsikan, menganalisis dan menyimpulkan hasil penelitian berdasarkan data yang diperoleh di lapangan. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi pengembangan usaha batik ciprat dilakukan dengan tiga langkah yaitu mengembangkan pasar dari sisi produknya, mengembangkan pasar dari sistem penjualannya dan mengembangkan pasar dengan sinergisme antara keduanya. Strategi pengembangan usaha batik ciprat menggunakan analisis SWOT di antaranya kekuatan (pilihan produk batik dan motif yang beragam, menyediakan pesanan batik sesuai dengan request pelanggan), kelemahan (lokasi sulit dijangkau, tenaga kerja kurang konsisten, tidak mampu menerima pesanan dalam jumlah banyak), peluang (pangsa pasar yang luas, pemasaran yang menarik) dan ancaman (pesaing yang bergerak pada bidang yang sama, konsumen beralih ke perusahaan lain).
NGHIÊN CỨU HÀM LƯỢNG CHẤT DINH DƯỠNG TRONG MỘT SỐ LOẠI RAU CỦ SAU SẤY
Authors: Hạt Đặng Thị Thúy , Thủy Trần Thị Thanh , Phương Trần Thị , Anh Đặng Thế , Hương Nguyễn Vân , Yến Nguyễn Thị , Định Vũ Huy
Published: March 2022

Sấy khô là một phương pháp bảo quản nông sản dài hạn góp phần phát triển bền vững sản xuất nông lâm nghiệp, với nguyên lý tách nước ra khỏi sản phẩm sấy, rau củ nhờ đó mà bảo quản được lâu hơn. Nghiên cứu này khảo sát sự thay đổi vitamin C và các vi khoáng Ca, Fe, P trong 5 loại rau củ cà rốt, bí đỏ, chùm ngây, rau ngót và cải bó xôi sau khi sấy nóng tại 1000C và sấy lạnh tại các nhiệt độ 100C, 300C, 500C. Hàm lượng vitamin C được xác định theo tiêu chuẩn TCVN 6427-2:1998, các vi khoáng Ca, Fe, P được xác định bằng phương pháp ICP-MS. Hàm lượng vitamin C giảm mạnh trong các mẫu rau củ theo nhiệt độ sấy, rau chùm ngây có tỉ lệ vitamin C còn lại cao nhất, 11,80% đến 25,46% trong điều kiện sấy lạnh và còn lại 0,41% sau sấy nóng; không có sự chênh lệch nhiều đối với hàm lượng các vi khoáng Ca, Fe, P được giữ lại. Tỉ lệ P trong các mẫu còn lại sau sấy cao hơn Ca, Fe, trung bình là 73,99% đến 85,90%. Trong 5 loại rau củ, bí đỏ có tỉ lệ sắt được giữ lại cao nhất 83,78 đến 84,7% khi sấy lạnh; rau chùm ngây có tỉ lệ canxi được giữ lại cao nhất, 74,23% đến 78,57%. Tỉ lệ dinh dưỡng được giữ lại cao hơn khi sấy lạnh rau củ trong khoảng nhiệt độ từ 300C đến 500C.
Comportamiento de Divulgación de Indicadores GRI – G4 en Reportes de Sostenibilidad de Empresas del Sector Agricultura
Authors: Rojas Gómez July Carolina , Niño Galeano Claudia Lucia , Solano Bejarano Sergio David
Published: March 2022

Despite the increase in the dissemination of Global Initiative Reporting (GRI) Sustainability Reports (SR) by companies worldwide, and specifically in the agricultural sector, there are warnings about the use of these reports as a means to legitimize the corporate image without transforming practices in the relationship with nature and society. In this scenario, this research aims to analyse the trends of dissemination of GRI G4 indicators until 2016 in companies of the agricultural sector registered in the GRI Database (BDGRI), being this an important activity for mankind due to the production of food and raw materials, but at the same time responsible for the generation of negative impacts. The methodology used was quantitative, using the following techniques: principal component analysis (PCA) and clustering. The results show that the behavior of indicator dissemination in the agricultural sector is dispersed, showing some trends according to size. In general, the trend of the sector is to disclose few indicators, especially human rights and environmental performance.
 
Date received: February 10, 2019 Acceptance date: July 2, 2019
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PASAK TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK BALOK BAMBU LAMINASI DENGAN PEREKAT PATI
Authors: Syahrir Syahrir
Published: March 2022

Seiring dengan laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang semakin tinggi, perkembangan industri perumahan pun meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Hal ini sangat mempengaruhi penggunaan bahan bangunan di masyarakat luas, terutama penggunaan kayu. Dengan maraknya penggunaan kayu mengakibatkan semakin menipisnya persediaan kayu legal di pasaran. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari bahan bangunan lain pengganti kayu yang juga memiliki sifat-sifat dasar yang mirip kayu, seperti bambu.Kini pola pemanfaatan bambu yang mulai dikembangkan adalah pengolahan bambu secara laminasi, dalam pembuatan bambu laminasi, dibutuhkan bahan perekat untuk merekatkan bilah-bilah bambu sehingga menjadi balok bambu. Perekat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pati sagu. Dengan pertimbangan beberapa negara maju sudah menolak penggunaan formaldehyde sebagai perekat pada bambu laminasi. Karena dikhawatirkan zat kimia ini dapat beraksi dengan udara luar maupun panas, sehingga dapat menjadi racun.Adapun hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, dapat ditarik beberapa kesimpulan antara lain : Pertama, hasil pengujian lentur balok laminasi perekat sagu antara lain: a. Hasil uji kuat lentur rata-rata balok laminasi dengan perekat sagu tanpa pasak adalah: 1) Modulus of Rupture (MOR) 109,04MPa. 2) Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) 25927,54 MPa. b. Hasil uji kuat lentur rata-rata balok laminasi perekat sagu dengan kemiringan pasak 450 adalah: 1) Modulus of Rupture (MOR) 132,94 MPa. 2) Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) 31276,95 MPa. c. Hasil uji kuat lentur rata-rata balok laminasi perekat sagu dengan kemiringan pasak 900 adalah: 1) Modulus of Rupture (MOR) 126,71 MPa. 2) Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) 29906,29 MPa. Kedua, dari hasil pengujian kuat lentur, diketahui bahwa pada pengujian balok laminasi semuanya mengalami gagal delaminasi. Gagal delaminasi pada pengujian balok laminasi ini terjadi karena nilai kuat geser balok laminasi (perekat) masih lebih kecil daripada nilai kuat geser lamina bambu.
Pemahaman Materi Pergaulan Bebas dan Akibatnya melalui Pelaksanaan Metode Moral Reasoning di SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pekanbaru
Authors: Armaini  , Afriani Gusma
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implementation of the moral reasoning method on the understanding of free association material and its consequences on Islamic religious education subjects at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pekanbaru. While the formulation of the problem is whether there is an effect of the implementation of the moral reasoning method on the understanding of free association material and its consequences on Islamic religious education subjects at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pekanbaru. This study uses two variables, namely: variable X (Influence of the Implementation of Moral Reasoning Method) and variable Y (Understanding Free Association Materials and Its Consequences). The data collection technique that the author uses is a questionnaire, test, observation and documentation technique. This study uses the serial correlation formula. The results of the study indicate that the effect of the implementation of the moral reasoning method has a significant influence on the understanding of promiscuity and its consequences. After analyzing the data, the authors conclude that the effect of the implementation of the Moral Reasoning Method on Islamic Religious Education Subjects is 89.47% or in the very good category. Meanwhile, the understanding of the material of promiscuity and its consequences is 92.08% or in the very good category. Through the serial correlation formula, the results of the study show that the correlation coefficient value of 0.710 is greater than the significant level of 1% 0.372 and 5% 0.288. This means that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. As a result, on Islamic Religious Education Subjects at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Pekanbaru. Keywords: The Effect of Implementation of Moral Reasoning Method, Understanding of Free Association Materials and Its Effects.
Otimização de um metamaterial acústico labiríntico para absorção sonora na faixa de frequências de 100–300 Hz
Authors: Almeida Gildean Nascimento , Vergara Erasmo Felipe , Barbosa Leandro Rodrigues , Farias Linconl Cézar Bastos
Published: March 2022

O controle da energia sonora  em ambientes fechados ao longo de todo espectro de frequência é um fator importantíssimo, especialmente quando o conforto acústico é uma necessidade do projeto arquitetônico do ambiente. Este controle é realizado pelo tratamento acústico, sendo o coeficiente de absorção sonora um parâmetro físico do material acústico utilizado. Todavia, os materiais acústicos absorvedores convencionais (e.g. espumas e fibras) apresentam limitações geométricas e operacionais no controle da energia sonora relativa a região das baixas frequências (100–600 Hz). Recentemente este controle ganhou notabilidade com o advento dos metamateriais acústicos (MMA). Neste artigo apresentamos  uma avaliação teórica, numérica e experimental de um instituído metamaterial absorvedor de baixas frequências. O metamaterial acústico fundamenta-se  na teoria dos painéis  micro perfurados (MPP) e no conceito de espaços enrolados, os quais se assemelham a um labirinto. Os efeitos de atrito viscoso e difusão térmica, importantes na descrição analítica do modelo são corroborados por meio  de uma  análise numérica utilizando o método dos elementos finitos  (MEF). O  coeficiente de absorção sonora do metamaterial  é  maximizado por um método heurístico para a região de frequência entre (100–300 Hz). Uma amostra do metamaterial foi fabricada pela tecnologia de impressão 3D e avaliada em um aparato de tubo de impedância. Os resultados obtidos revelam   uma absorção sonora  de 0,97%  em  216 Hz com uma largura de banda relativa  de  49,0%.  É demonstrado que o metamaterial acústico  apresenta uma escala de sub comprimento de onda, uma vez que sua espessura total é de 0,026λ.
Solidarische Grundsicherung: Ein Reformvorschlag für die Ampel
Authors: Schöb Ronnie
Published: March 2022

Die deutsche Grundsicherung in Deutschland ist in die Jahre gekommen. Auch wenn sie sich in den letzten Jahren und zuletzt auch in der Corona-Krise bewährte: Für größere Haushalte wird es zunehmend schwerer, mit dem eigenen Einkommen unabhängig von staatlichen Grundsicherungsleistungen zu leben. Und die rasch steigenden Mieten führen dazu, dass immer mehr Haushalte Gefahr laufen, in die Grundsicherung abzurutschen. Für sie bietet die gegenwärtige Grundsicherung kein stabiles Auffangnetz mehr. Der Vorschlag einer solidarischen Grundsicherung will diese Mängel beheben. Er baut auf einer auf nur drei Säulen beruhenden Grundsicherungsarchitektur auf, die auf Bestehendes zurückgreift und diversen Reformvorschläge der neuen Bundesregierung Rechnung trägt: (1) Eine zu versteuernde Kindergrundsicherung und (2) ein Bürgergeld decken den alltäglichen Bedarf der einzelnen Haushaltsmitglieder ab. (3) Ein neues einheitliches Wohngeld sichert darüber hinaus den Wohnbedarf der Haushalte. Diese drei Säulen garantieren in jedem Fall das soziokulturelle Existenzminimum und sind zudem so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass sie deutlich größere Anreize zur Selbsthilfe gegenüber dem jetzigen System schaffen.
Defect Detection in Delaminated Glass-Fibre/Epoxy Composite Plates Using Local Defect Resonance Based Vibro-Thermography Technique
Authors: Roy Subhankar , Bose Tanmoy
Published: March 2022

In the present scenario, composites are widely used for various applications in the field of aerospace, automobile, marine, sports, construction and electrical industries. The need of damage inspection for these composite structures has been of great importance. Complicated defects like delaminations present in the composite laminates can be detected effectively using nonlinear acoustic wave spectroscopy (NAWS). One of the NAWS techniques of detecting the delamination is based on intensification of vibration amplitudes at the delamination location, known as local defect resonance (LDR) technique. In this chapter, a numerical investigation for detecting delamination in glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite based on vibrothermography technique will be discussed. A single periodic LDR frequency excitation is used to excite the GFRP plate, resulting in a local temperature rise at delamination region due to frictional heating at the damage interface. An explicit dynamic temperature displacement analysis will be carried out for a specific time period of LDR excitation. Subsequently, a heat transfer analysis will be performed to observe the temperature difference at top surface of the delaminated GFRP plate. Thus a numerical investigation will be carried out based on LDR excitation for high contrast imaging of delamination in composite materials using vibro-thermography.
Proteins of Streptococcus pneumoniae Involved in Iron Acquisition
Authors: de Jesús Olivares-Trejo José , Elizbeth Alvarez-Sánchez María
Published: March 2022

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a human pathogen bacterium capable of using hemoglobin (Hb) and haem as a single iron source but not in presence of lactoferrin. This bacterium has developed a mechanism through the expression of several membrane proteins that bind to iron sources, between them a lipoprotein of 37 kDa called Spbhp-37 (Streptococcus pneumoniae haem-binding protein) involved in iron acquisition. The Spbhp-37 role is to maintain the viability of S. pneumoniae in presence of Hb or haem. This mechanism is relevant during the invasion of S. pneumoniae to human tissue for the acquisition of iron from hemoglobin or haem as an iron source.
Trailing Edge Bluntness Noise Characterization for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines [HAWT] Blades
Authors: Prasad Maddula Satya , Bhargava Nukala Vasishta , Naidu Neigapula Venkata Swamy , Prasad Padhy Chinmaya , Samala Rahul
Published: March 2022

Wind turbine noise is becoming a critical issue for many offshore and land-based wind projects. In this work, we analyzed trailing edge bluntness vortex shedding noise source for a land-based turbine of size 2 MW and blade span of 38 m using original Brooks Pope and Marcolini (BPM)and modified BPM noise model. A regression-based curve fitting approach has been implemented to predict the shape function in terms of thickness to chord ratio of aerofoils used for blade. For trailing edge height of 0.1% chord, computations for sound power level were done at wind speed of 8 m/s, 17 RPM. The results showed that present approach for thickness correction predicts the noise peak of ∼78dBA at f ∼ 10 kHz which is ∼15dBA lower than that predicted from original BPM. The results were also validated using experiment data from GE 1.5sle, Siemens 2.3 MW turbines with blade lengths between 78 m and 101 m which agreed within 2% at high frequencies, f > 5 kHz. In addition, results from present approach for trailing edge bluntness noise agreed well with modified BPM by Wei et al. at high frequencies, f ∼ 10 kHz where it becomes dominant. The slope of noise curves from present approach, and modified BPM methods are lower when compared with original BPM.
Investigation of Epidemiological Aspects of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Jahrom, Fars Province, Between 2015 and 2019
Authors: Mohammadi Jalal , Zaeini Maryam , Shahriari-Namadi Marziae , Alipour Hamzeh
Published: March 2022

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the diseases caused by the Leishmania parasite, which is considered a health problem in Iran. Jahrom, a county in Fars province located in the south of Iran, is one of the endemic foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Objectives: The present study investigated the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Jahrom between 2015 and 2019. Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was performed to evaluate the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in patients referred to the Jahrom Health Center between 2015 and 2019. Results: A total of 584 cases were identified, of which (347) 59.4% were males and (237) 40.6% were females. The acute cases were observed in all age groups, and the highest proportion was seen at less than 10 years of age. The numbers of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis from 2015 to 2019 were 180, 88, 117, 108, and 91, respectively. Cutaneous leishmaniasis was more common in autumn and winter. The proportion was higher in males and urban inhabitants. There was a statistically significant difference between the genders and places of residence (P < 0.05). Also, the highest proportion of lesions was on the hands (48.8%). Conclusions: Based on the findings in Jahrom city, the proportion of the disease was higher in younger age groups, males, urban inhabitants, and autumn. The most common lesions were on the hands, feet, and face.
Lithuanian Memory Culture: Imaginary Communities and Memory Wars
Authors: ŽMUIDA EUGENIJUS
Published: March 2022

The article offers a brief introduction to memory studies and the concept of collective memory with emphasis on the significance of this phenomenon, which coincided with discoveries in the humanities and deepened and expanded the spectrum of national cultures. The radical ideas of the Age of Enlightenment sparked self-reflection of nations and creation of imagined communities that eventually turned people into nations. New concepts of political coexistence, equality, freedom, and the distinctiveness and historical value of the national language and literature were published and made known to Lithuanians. The article dwells on the tsarist and Soviet Russian occupation policies on memory and national identity, modes of rewriting memory, the consequences of nearly two centuries of memory wars, the emigration situation, and the coexistence of the imagined communities. These imagined communities played a crucial role in constructing the nations and preparing them for independence. There were two imagined communities in the nineteenth century – the Lithuanian-speaking Lithuanians and the Polish-speaking Lithuanians who considered themselves Lithuanians, and two such communities in the twentieth century – the Lithuanians living in exile and the imaginary community remaining in Soviet Lithuania. It is such recurring patterns of society and recurring plots of events in memory preservation and memory wars that are discussed in the article. Upon the return of freedom of the press and the collapse of the Soviet Union, Lithuanians discovered numerous unknown lands in the form of their culture that had been banned before. However, memory studies show that long-standing propaganda, press bans, and the rewriting of memory have not gone without consequences. The Great War and the struggles for independence that resulted in independence in 1918 remained in the margins of remembrance, although those events enabled the surge of national culture during the interwar period. The historical context of Central and Eastern Europe helps to see a broader panorama of common and relevant processes and to highlight the specifics of the Lithuanian situation, concluding that memory wars continue and deliberating whether memory culture can influence future prospects.
Motivation of Helonyms from Anykščiai District, Utena County (1935–1937)
Authors: SVIDERSKIENĖ DALIA
Published: March 2022

The article addresses the representative examples of the semantic group of helonyms from the area of the Anykščiai subdialect of the Eastern Aukštaitian dialect. These examples were collected from the spoken language in the Lithuanian ‘Land Names’ questionnaires. The complex analysis of these onyms enabled us to establish the links existing between the elements of the unofficial toponymic village system of the interwar period and to describe them using the representative examples of the system expressed by structural and motivational models, which are based on the data about the content of the linguacultural consciousness of the community members recorded in the questionnaires, as well as geographical, cultural, and encyclopaedic information. The research highlighted the most typical phenomena that occurred in the process of naming a fragment of reality, revealed the rational, emotional, and associative relationship between the members of the ethnic domain and the marshy places in the landscape, and allowed recreating a segment of the onomastic worldview.
Stevens-Johnsonov sindrom in toksična epidermalna nekroliza pri otrocih: prikaz primerov in pregled literature
Authors: Ota Sonja , Toplak Nataša , Vesel Tajnšek Tina , Koren Jeverica Anja , Markelj Gašper , Blazina Štefan , Dragoš Vlasta , Tekavčič Pompe Manca , Tomaževič Tanja , Avčin Tadej
Published: March 2022

Stevens-Johnsonov sindrom (SJS) in toksična epidermalna nekroliza (TEN) sta redki življenje ogrožajoči bolezni, ki se kažeta z nastajanjem mehurjev ter odstopanjem povrhnjice kože in sluznic. Najpogosteje sta posledica imunsko sprožene reakcije na zdravilo, redkeje zaradi drugih vzrokov. Poleg prekinitve zdravljenja z zdravilom, ki je lahko sprožilo SJS/TEN, ali uvedbe zdravljenja bakterijske okužbe, če je ta kot vzročni dejavnik dokazana, uvedemo lokalno zdravljenje sprememb na očeh, koži in sluznicah, v težjih primerih pa še sistemsko zdravljenje z glukokortikosteroidi (GKS) in/ali intravenskimi imunoglobulini (IVIG). Za optimalni izid bolezni je bistveno sodelovanje med specialisti različnih strok.

Prispevek predstavi skupino bolnikov, obravnavanih na Kliničnem oddelku za otroško alergologijo, revmatologijo in klinično imunologijo Pediatrične klinike UKC v Ljubljani in pregled literature. V letih 2011–2019 smo zdravili šest otrok s SJS/TEN. Pri štirih otrocih je bil sprožilni dejavnik zdravilo, pri enem okužba z Mycoplasmo pneumonie, pri enem bolniku pa etiologije nismo mogli opredeliti. Z GKS in IVIG so bili zdravljeni štirje otroci, en otrok z okužbo z M. pneumonie je bil zdravljen z azitromicinom in IVIG, en otrok pa je prejel le zdravila lokalno. Izid bolezni je bil pri vseh otrocih dober, in sicer tudi brez poznih posledic bolezni.
ДОСИТЕЈ ОБРАДОВИЋ У СРПСКОЈ НАЦИОНАЛНОЈ И ДРЖАВОТВОРНОЈ ПОЛИТИЦИ
Authors: Микавица Дејан
Published: March 2022

Припадајући самом врху српске политичке и духовне елите у Аустријском царству, кругу најобразованијих, српских световних националиста и просвећених интелектуалаца, Доситеј је боље и свеобухватније од свих својих сународника уочио значај друштвених и историјских околности у којима је дефинисање национално-политичке идеологије и реализовање државног осамостаљења српског народа представљало апсолутни приоритет. Као најзначајнији српски представник европског рационализма и филозофије просветитељства, искрени присталица реформи које је отпочео аустријски цар Joзеф II, очекивао је свеобухватно и коначно ослобођење Срба од османске власти управо захваљујући аустријској ратној политици, а српско уједињење видео је као реално и остварљиво, посебно од 1804. године, на простору Србије, Црне Горе и Босне.
ДИПЛОМАТСКИ ПОЧЕЦИ ГЕНЕРАЛА Н. П. ИГЊАТИЈЕВА: ВОЈНИ АТАШЕ У ЛОНДОНУ (1856-1857)
Authors: Лаковић Маја
Published: March 2022

Дипломатска каријера генерала Николаја Павловича Игњатијева почела је недуго послије завршека Кримског рата. Послије закључења Париског мира за Русију је наступио период међународне политичке изолације, па су за земљу необично велики значај имали појединачни доприноси њених дипломата, попут генерала Игњатијева, којима припада дио заслуга за њен повратак на међународну политичку сцену. Упркос томе што га је од ране младости привлачио мистицизам Истока, генерал Игњатијев је на самом почетку учествовао у мисији која је подразумијевала путовање и живот на Западу, у Лондону и Паризу. Посебно интересантан и важан дио његове „лондонске мисије“ представљало је учешће на Допунској мировној конференцији у Паризу (1856-1857), гдје је захваљујући његовом знању из топографије и дипломатској вјештини Русија добила повољније разграничење са Турском. На своју мисију је гледао као на изванредну прилику да изађе из оквира локалне државне службе и самостално служи у одбрану части своје земље. Бројна признања и одликовања, руска и инострана, говоре у прилог томе да је успио у својој намјери.
Relieving floods, revealing history
Authors: Kilpatrick Maureen C , Ballin Torben Bjarke , Smith Beverley Ballin , Ramsay Susan
Published: March 2022

A programme of archaeological work prior to the construction of a flood-relief channel at Knocknagael Farm, south-west of Inverness (NGR: NH 656 414), revealed a series of prehistoric features including pits, hearths, fire-spots and possible structural features. Finds included sherds from a Neolithic bowl and a Bronze Age cordoned urn. Palaeo-botanical remains were present in many features and included the carbonised remains of cereal grains including naked six-row barley and spelt. Radiocarbon dating revealed that activity at the site ranged from the 7th millennium BC to the 1st millennium AD. This is one of the earliest dates yet obtained from the Culduthel valley, which has already produced much evidence of prehistoric activity including the high-status Iron Age site of Culduthel Farm (Highland HER MHG49950).

Read the full account of the excavations at Culduthel in Culduthel: An Iron Age Craftworking Centre in North-East Scotland
Regulating Electronic Structure in Bi2O3 Architectures by Ti Mediation: A Strategy for Dual Active Sites Synergistically Promoting Photocatalytic Nitrogen Hydrogenation
Authors: Wu Panfeng , Wang Tianyu , Xue Qi , Wang Mengkai , Zhong Ruihua , Hu Jun , Chen Zhong , Wang Danjun , Xue Ganglin
Published: March 2022

Under mild conditions, nitrogen undergoes the associative pathways to be reduced with solar energy as the driving force for fixation, avoiding the high energy consumption when undergoing dissociation. Nevertheless, this process is hindered by the high hydrogenation energy barrier. Herein, Ti was introduced as hard acid into the δ‐Bi2O3 (Ti−Bi2O3) lattice to tune its local electronic structure and optimize its photo‐electrochemistry performance (reduced bandgap, increased conduction band maximum, and extended carrier lifetime). Heterokaryotic Ti−Bi dual‐active sites in Ti−Bi2O3 created a novel adsorption geometry of O−N2 interaction proved by density functional theory calculation and N2 temperature‐programmed desorption. The synergistic effect of dual‐active sites reduced the energy barrier of hydrogenation from 2.65 (Bi2O3) to 2.13 eV (Ti−Bi2O3), thanks to the highly overlapping orbitals with N2. Results showed that 10 % Ti‐doped Bi2O3 exhibited an excellent ammonia production rate of 508.6 μmol gcat−1 h−1 in water and without sacrificial agent, which is 4.4 times higher than that of Bi2O3. In this work, bridging oxygen activation and synergistic hydrogenation for nitrogen with Ti−Bi dual active sites may unveil a corner of the hidden nitrogen reduction reaction mechanism and serves as a distinctive strategy for the design of nitrogen fixation photocatalysts.
Effects of Polyester Fibers and Car Tire Particles on Freshwater Invertebrates
Authors: Schell Theresa , Martinez-Perez Sara , Dafouz Raquel , Hurley Rachel , Vighi Marco , Rico Andreu
Published: March 2022

Microplastic ingestion has been shown for various organisms, but knowledge of the potential adverse effects on freshwater invertebrates remains limited. We assessed the ingestion capacity and the associated effects of polyester fibers (26–5761 µm) and car tire particles (25–75 µm) on freshwater invertebrates under acute and chronic exposure conditions. A range of microplastic concentrations was tested on Daphnia magna, Hyalella azteca, Asellus aquaticus, and Lumbriculus variegatus using water only (up to 0.15 g/L) or spiked sediment (up to 2 g/kg dry wt), depending on the habitat of the species. Daphnia magna did not ingest any fibers, but low levels of fibers were ingested by all tested benthic invertebrate species. Car tire particle ingestion rose with increasing exposure concentration for all tested invertebrates and was highest in D. magna and L. variegatus. In most cases, no statistically significant effects on mobility, survival, or reproductive output were observed after acute and chronic exposure at the tested concentrations. However, fibers affected the reproduction and survival of D. magna (no-observed-effect concentration [NOEC]: 0.15 mg/L) due to entanglement and limited mobility under chronic conditions. Car tire particles affected the reproduction (NOEC: 1.5 mg/L) and survival (NOEC: 0.15 mg/L) of D. magna after chronic exposure at concentrations in the same order of magnitude as modeled river water concentrations, suggesting that refined exposure and effect studies should be performed with these microplastics. Our results confirm that microplastic ingestion by freshwater invertebrates depends on particle shape and size and that ingestion quantity depends on the exposure pathway and the feeding strategy of the test organism. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1555–1567. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Convenient synthesis of 8‐aryl‐6‐aryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline‐5,7‐dicarbonitriles via a cascade Michael/cyclization reaction
Authors: Wang Dao‐Cai , Chen Xi‐Xia , Guo Xiao‐Qian , Zhu Xi‐Qiang , Liu Xiao‐Peng
Published: March 2022

A convenient and straightforward cascade Michael/cyclization reaction of 1‐alkylpiperidin‐4‐ones, acyl acetonitriles, and aldehydes was proposed for the construction of significant 8‐aryl‐6‐aryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline‐5,7‐dicarbonitriles promoted by DBU, and various 8‐aryl‐6‐aryl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroisoquinoline‐5,7‐dicarbonitrile derivatives were produced in medium to high yields. The methodology features a simple operation process, accessible raw material, and high atomic economy.
Adaptive design of dual excitation ultra‐low wavenumber Raman spectroscopy system
Authors: Garg Diksha , Singh Khushboo , Bandyopadhyay Aparajita , Sengupta Amartya
Published: March 2022

Ultra‐low wavenumber or ultra‐low frequency (ULF) Raman spectroscopy using holographic optics is an emerging technique to obtain spectral signatures of chemicals in low energy corresponding to their phases, crystallinity, isomerism, and environmental conditions such as temperature. Commercial turn‐key systems employ mechanical turrets and other such optomechanical moving elements to accommodate multiple laser excitations, which are incident normally on the sample, and the Raman signal is collected in a 180° backscattering configuration. Here, we have developed a system consisting of two single‐longitudinal mode (SLM) lasers and a single‐stage spectrometer. Selected notch filters were based on the volume holographic grating technology providing output beam at a certain angle, which facilitates the possibility of different angles of incidence of the excitation laser on the sample. This adaptive ULF Raman system, therefore, is not only able to acquire high‐quality low‐wavenumber spectral fingerprints of various chemicals but can also be easily reconfigured for differential spectral studies.
Information scarcity among otolaryngology applicants: A review of the largest database of programs
Authors: Roychowdhury Prithwijit , Wu Matthew James , Kozin Elliott Davin , Remenschneider Aaron Kyle , Gray Stacey Tutt
Published: March 2022

Objective

Otolaryngology residency applicants face challenges finding accurate information about training programs. Social media platforms are not verified, and official training program websites are not standardized. Currently, the American Medical Association's Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA) is the most comprehensive sanctioned and verified otolaryngology residency program database. However, the exact amount of information shared by individual programs included is not presently known.

Methods

Herein, we analyzed the available data on all 124 otolaryngology residency programs in FREIDA to assess the completeness of the database.

Results

While every program listed an address, contact email, and the name of the program director, more than half of programs (n = 65, 52.4%) did not provide additional information. Most programs (70.2%) did not include a one‐paragraph program description.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that while FREIDA is the only sanctioned online database for residency programs, it is inadequately populated with detailed program information.

Level of Evidence

N/A
Least squares Hermitian problem of a kind of quaternion tensor equation
Authors: Jiang Hua , Yuan Shi‐Fang , Cao Yu‐Zhe
Published: March 2022

Yuan and Liao [S.F. Yuan, A.P. Liao, Least squares Hermitian solution of the complex matrix equation
with the least norm. J. Frankl. Inst. 351 (2014), 4978‐4997] gave a new product for complex matrices and vectors and obtained the least squares Hermitian solution with the least norm of complex matrix equation
. In this paper, we generalize the product of complex matrices and vectors to quaternion tensors and vectors and consider the least squares Hermitian problem of quaternion tensor equation  
, where the symbol
is the Einstein product of two tensors. Our main work is to derive the explicit expression of least squares Hermitian solution with the least norm and numerical algorithm to obtain the solution. We also provide numerical examples to justify the feasibility of our algorithm.
Multifunctional Logic‐in‐Memory Cell Based on Wafer‐Scale MoS2 Thin Films Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Zhang Tianbao , Cao Yuanyuan , Gu Zhenghao , Zhu Hao , Chen Lin , Sun Qingqing , Zhang David Wei
Published: March 2022

Large‐volume data storage and high‐efficiency data processing have been greatly urged by the fast development in artificial intelligence and internet of things involving novel semiconductor materials. Logic‐in‐memory has provided a promising route to address the processing/storage bottleneck in advanced computing systems. Herein, a logic‐in‐memory design based on wafer‐scale MoS2 floating‐gate field‐effect transistor (FGFET) arrays is demonstrated. Multiple logic states and over 10 V memory window are achieved through electrical gate modulation, which further enables in‐memory computing including logic functions of inverter and two‐input NAND gates. Such robust and stable logic‐in‐memory is ascribed to the highly uniform wafer‐scale MoS2 thin film prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD)‐based synthesis and the reproducible electrical performance of the device arrays. As both memory and computing units are based on floating‐gate FET architecture with area efficiency, the proposed logic‐in‐memory cell can accomplish multifunctional tasks with fewer transistors, suggesting a potential application in high‐density and complex information processing and data storage systems.
Factors associated with dislocation after bipolar hemiarthroplasty through an (antero-)lateral approach in elderly patients with a femoral neck fracture: a retrospective cohort study with a nested case–control subanalysis of radiographic parameters
Authors: Fakler Johannes Karl Maria , Rositzka Markus , Schopow Nicolas , Roth Andreas , Zajonz Dirk , Ghanem Mohamed , Kleber Christian , Osterhoff Georg
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Dislocations of hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA) are serious complications. The aim of the study was to identify clinical aspects and radiographic parameters of the hip that put patients at risk for dislocation after HHA for femoral neck fractures.

Methods

This retrospective analysis included elderly patients with a femoral neck fracture treated with a HHA. A lateral (90.7%) and an anterolateral (9.3%) approach was applied. On pelvic radiographs, a nested-controlled analysis was performed. Two control patients were matched to one patient suffering a dislocation with respect to age, sex, and body-mass-index (BMI).

Results

In 527 HHA, 10 dislocations (1.9%) were identified. In the dislocation group (DG), all patients were female (100% vs. 73.5%, p = 0.071). No significant differences between the DG and the control group (CG) were found with respect to age, body-mass-index (BMI), ASA Score, routine laboratory parameters, and comorbidity. Radiographic analysis revealed a smaller center edge angle (CEA, 39.0, IQR 33.0–42.5 vs. 43.0, IQR 41.0–46.0, p = 0.013), a more varus neck-shaft angle (NSA, 130.0, IQR 125.8–133.5 vs. 135.0, IQR 134.0–137.0, p = 0.011) of the contralateral side and a higher femoral head extrusion index (FHEI) in the DG (FHEI, 11.5, IQR 9.8–16.3 vs. 2.0 IQR 0.0–9.0, p = 0.003). In addition, a greater trochanteric fracture was associated with an increased likelihood for HHA dislocations (30.0% vs 6.0%, p = 0.022).

Conclusion

A smaller radiographic center edge angle, a more varus neck-shaft angle of the contralateral side, a higher femoral head extrusion index and intraoperative fractures of the greater trochanter are associated with an increased risk of HHA dislocation.
Machine learning in the detection and management of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Wegner Felix K. , Plagwitz Lucas , Doldi Florian , Ellermann Christian , Willy Kevin , Wolfes Julian , Sandmann Sarah , Varghese Julian , Eckardt Lars
Published: March 2022

Machine learning has immense novel but also disruptive potential for medicine. Numerous applications have already been suggested and evaluated concerning cardiovascular diseases. One important aspect is the detection and management of potentially thrombogenic arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation. While atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia with a lifetime risk of one in three persons and an increased risk of thromboembolic complications such as stroke, many atrial fibrillation episodes are asymptomatic and a first diagnosis is oftentimes only reached after an embolic event. Therefore, screening for atrial fibrillation represents an important part of clinical practice. Novel technologies such as machine learning have the potential to substantially improve patient care and clinical outcomes. Additionally, machine learning applications may aid cardiologists in the management of patients with already diagnosed atrial fibrillation, for example, by identifying patients at a high risk of recurrence after catheter ablation. We summarize the current state of evidence concerning machine learning and, in particular, artificial neural networks in the detection and management of atrial fibrillation and describe possible future areas of development as well as pitfalls.

Graphical abstract

Typical data flow in machine learning applications for atrial fibrillation detection.