bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING INDICATORS FOR CAPTURING THE AIRPORTS DYNAMICS IN REGIONAL AND TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM GREECE
Authors: Tsiotas Dimitrios , Niavis Spyros , Polyzos Serafeim , Papageorgiou Artemis
Published: December 2020

Air transport is an aspect of the transportation and communication sector, it is a capital and technology intensive component of the national economies, and it plays an important role in communication and trade, in tourism development, and generally in the economic and regional development. The major role of air transport in the support of distant communication makes it a valuable tool for the strategic planning and innovative marketing in tourism, especially for tourism policies addressed to international markets. Within this context, this paper studies air transport in Greece and particularly the regional dimension of the Greek air transport, by excluding the metropolitan airports of Athens and Thessaloniki. The paper examines the factors that determine the attractiveness of the Greek regional airports on data referring to air traffic statistics and on available spatial and tourism information. For measuring the dynamics of the regional airports in Greece in regional development, the paper introduces a composite index, which computes passenger-traffic change between time periods by considering an airports’ classification. Next, for measuring the airport dynamics in tourism development, an index is introduced in terms of the international arrivals and overnights per region. The results of applying the proposed indices comply with the observations of the common practice and they seem sufficient to be used in other areas of application. The overall approach provides a novel measure for air transport studies and it illustrates the contribution of the small and regional airports to tourism and regional development in Greece.
Further Professional Education as a Factor of Human Capital Development: Theoretical Issues
Authors: Razumova Tatyana , Burak Irina
Published: December 2020

The paper considers classical models of human capital through the lens of further professional education. We specify the model of individual returns from investment in human capital (G. Becker), offer new tools to retain an employee after training for their subsequent use in a model of firm’s investments in human capital (G. Becker). We supplement M. Spence’s theory of educational signals with new educational stage and expand the scope of application of the model of human capital reproduction over the life cycle (J. Ben-Porat). These modifications allow us to confirm the expediency and profitability of investments of workers in further professional education.
Reforming and Integrating Pension Systems in the Eurasian Economic Union
Authors: Zabolotskii Egor
Published: December 2020

In recent years the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) pursues a policy aimed at improving cooperation among the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) member states in pension area. Creation of a single financial market, to which pension funds are also parties, is expected to be completed in the EEU by 2025. The purpose of this paper is to make recommendations for further reforms of the EEU pension systems and their possible integration. The scope of the study refers to existing arrangements in pension area among the EEU member states and their pension systems. The theoretical framework of research relates to works of national and international organizations and scientists in pension area as well as relevant normative legal acts and agreements between the EEU member states. The results of the study can be used by EEC and member state executive authorities for further cooperation in pension area.
Russia and the Global Environment Facility: 25 Years of Cooperation
Authors: Zubareva Olga
Published: December 2020

Studies the experience of cooperation between the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and Russia with the focus on the planned and already implemented environmental projects of the Global Environment Facility in Russia. Analyzes the main activities of the Fund and the features of GEF’s environmental projects in Russia, evaluates the prospects for further cooperation. Presents the classification of environmental projects supported by the GEF depending on the scale of funding. Examines the mechanism and the degree of participation of stakeholders (Russia and GEF) in financing environmental projects in our country. It is pointed out that Russia is of great investment interest for the Global Environmental Facility, especially in the implementation of projects on biodiversity conservation, combating global climate change and protecting international waters. Considers the prospects for a possible development of Russia’s cooperation with the GEF in addressing ecological problems.
The Impact of Accounting Policies on the Efficiency of Innovation Processes
Authors: Teslenko Evgeniya
Published: December 2020

The article discusses the methodological issues related to the formation of accounting policies for innovation active enterprises. The aim of the work is to study the process of assessing the innovation activity of enterprises in Russia using an improved system of indicators and analyzing the impact of accounting policies on them. An improved system of indicators is defined as a set of financial indicators characterizing innovation activity and serving as an additional database for the formation of accounting policies in an enterprise. The article substantiates the benefits of accounting policies elements in accounting areas in order to attract their own or leveraged funds to increase the innovative activity of enterprises. The improved system of indicators of innovatively active enterprises in Russia makes it possible to comprehensively analyze the innovative activity and the scope of innovative activities of an organization, to evaluate its innovative potential and contribute to the formation of accounting policies that enhance the efficiency of innovation processes.
Giffen Paradox in the 21st Century
Authors: Antipina Olga , Verenikin Aleksey , Matveev Evgenij
Published: December 2020

The article addresses the Giffen paradox as a significant aspect of the consumer choice theory, which receives considerable attention in microeconomics at introductory, intermediate and advanced levels of studies. The authors are expanding on a textbook interpretation of the Giffen paradox by analyzing the results of empirical studies conducted by R. Jensen and N. Miller early in the XXI century, as well as describing the “Giffen behavior” through characteristic preference approach and incorporating the subsistence constraint in the neoclassical theory of consumer choice. Drawing on the idea of maintaining a minimum level of consumption by relatively poor individuals, the article proves the unity of a textbook approach to explaining the “Giffen behavior” and its modern versions presented in scientific literature. The article can be useful to teachers and students of microeconomics, as well as to all those willing to get modern understanding of the Giffen paradox.
Demographic Reflections on the Digital Economy
Authors: Kalabikhina Irina
Published: December 2020

The article describes the demographic context of the development of the digital economy in Russia, systematizes the directions of the possible impact of the digitalization of the economy on demographic processes, analyzes the prerequisites for the inequality of different demographic groups in the near future in the digital reality. Based on the analysis of statistical data and expert assessments, a systematic view on the mutual impact of the digitalization of the economy and demographic development is proposed for the first time, a number of questions are raised about the possible strengthening of inequality of individual socio-demographic groups in the process of digitalization. It is shown that the demographic context can play a significant role in the digitalization of the economy, which, in turn, affects the demographic development and digital inequality.
Massage Therapy for Dystonia: a Case Report
Authors: Lipnicki, BSc, RMT Michelle
Published: December 2020

Background: Dystonia is a neurological disorder, characterized by involuntary muscle spasms and tremors, resulting in abnormal movements and posture. Symptoms include pain, spasms, tremors, and dyskinesia—a difficulty in performing voluntary muscular movements. Conventional treatments include medication, botulism injections, and surgical intervention. Many dystonia patients seek complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, such as massage, but these treatments are not well documented. This clinical case study documents massage treatment for dystonia for a specific individual.

Purpose: To examine the effects of massage therapy on pain, spasms, and dyskinesia in activities of daily living (ADL), in a patient diagnosed with dystonia as an adult, following trauma.

Methods: A student massage therapist administered 5 massage treatments over a six-week period to a 51-year-old female patient diagnosed with dystonia. The patient presented with symptoms of pain, spasms, tremors, and dyskinesia in ADL. Techniques applied included Swedish massage and hydrotherapy to decrease pain and spasms, and myofascial release and stretching, to decrease dyskinesia. Treatments aimed to increase overall relaxation. Remedial exercise was given to practice smoother movement patterns. Pre- and postnumeric rating scales (NRS) for pain were evaluated each session. Frequency of night pain and spasms, the Modified Bradykinesia Rating Scale (MBRS), the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, the Functional Rating Index (FRI) and the Modified Gait Efficacy Scale (MGES) were measured at the start and end of the study.

Results: Posttreatment pain intensity generally remained the same or decreased. Positive outcomes were exhibited in the frequency of night pain and spasms, TUG, MBRS, and FRI test scores. The MGES score was negatively affected.

Conclusion: The results suggest massage therapy may temporarily decrease pain intensity, pain and spasm frequency, and dyskinesia in ADL, associated with dystonia.
Non-invasive Complementary Therapies in Managing Musculoskeletal Pains and in Preventing Surgery
Authors: Pugazhendi, MPT Sujatha , Rajamani, BHMS, MSc Priyadarshini , Daniel, MPT Amalan S. , Pugazhendi, MBBS, MS Kannan
Published: December 2020

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are disabling diseases which affect work performance, thereby affecting the quality of life of individuals. Pharmacological and surgical management are the most recommended treatments. However, noninvasive physical therapies are said to be effective, for which the evidence is limited.

Aim/Purpose: To study the effect of non-invasive physical interventions in preventing surgery among patients recommended for surgery for musculoskeletal complaints, who attended sports and fitness medicine centres in India.

Settings: SPARRC (Sports Performance Assessment Research Rehabilitation Counselling) Institute) is a physical therapy centre with 13 branches spread all over India. This Institute practices a combination of manual therapies to treat musculoskeletal complaints.

Research Design: Descriptive cohort study involving the review of case records of the patients enrolled from June 2013 to July 2017, followed by the telephone survey of the patients who have completed treatment.

Intervention: Combination of physical therapies such as myofascial trigger release with icing, infra-red therapy, pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, stretch release, aqua therapy, taping, and acupuncture were employed to reduce the pain and regain functionalities.

Main Outcome Measures: Self-reported pains were measured using visual analogue scale at different levels of therapy—pre and post-therapy and post-rehabilitation.

Results: In total, 909 patients were studied, of whom 152 (17%) patients completed the treatment protocol. Majority of patients presented with knee and low-back pain. The reduction in pain due to the treatment protocol in terms of mean VAS score from baseline to post-therapy and baseline to post-rehabilitation was statistically significant (p value = .00). Among those contacted post-rehabilitation, 82 patients remained without surgery, and the median surgery-free time was around two years.

Conclusion: Thus the study concluded that non-invasive physical therapies may prevent or postpone surgeries for musculoskeletal complaints.
The Effect of Massage on the Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System and Markers of Inflammation in Night Shift Workers: a Pilot Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Fazeli, MD, PhD Mir Sohail , Pourrahmat, BSc Mir-Masoud , Massah, MD Golshan , Lee, BSc Kelsey , Lavoie, MD, PhD Pascal M. , Fazeli, MD Mirfarhang , Esser, RMT Alison , Collet, MD, PhD Jean-Paul
Published: December 2020

Background: Shift work is a necessary part of many industries; however, it can have detrimental effects on health over time.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of a massage intervention on the cardiac autonomic activity and blood inflammatory markers of healthy medical residents working night shifts.

Setting: This trial was conducted at British Columbia Children’s and Women’s Hospital between February 2014 and June 2016.

Participants: Included participants were generally healthy medical residents and were working rotating night shifts on a regular basis.

Research Design: This was a randomized, controlled, crossover, open-label trial (NCT02247089).

Interventions: Participants received either a 30-min massage intervention or reading control after consecutive periods of night shift.

Main Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was high frequency, a proxy for the cardiac parasympathetic activity, measured via heart rate variability. Secondary outcomes included other heart rate variability measures, blood markers of inflammation, and blood pressure.

Results: Twelve participants were recruited (nine female) with median age of 28 years. There was no significant difference between the massage intervention and the reading control for the primary outcome, (median relative change between pre- and postmassage [interquartile range]: 62% [-1 to 150], pre- and postreading: 14% [-10 to 51], p = .16). Similarly, there was no difference with respect to blood inflammatory markers and blood pressure. Median high frequency significantly increased between pre- and postmassage (185 vs. 358 ms2, p = .04).

Conclusion: This pilot study found no statistically significant difference between the massage intervention and the reading control; however, we did observe a significant increase in median high frequency from before massage to after massage, indicative of increased parasympathetic activity. This study may help inform planning of larger trials evaluating massage interventions on the activity of the autonomic nervous system and managing shift work stress.
A Survey of Acupuncture-Providing Registered Massage Therapists in Ontario, Canada: Motivation, Training, and Practice Characteristics
Authors: Ijaz, MSc, PhD Nadine , Welsh, PhD Sandy , Boon, BScPhm, PhD Heather
Published: December 2020

Background: An increasing number of licensed massage therapists in several countries are providing acupuncture to their clients, but little is known about this practice.

Purpose: To characterize the motivations, training backgrounds, practice patterns, and clinical experiences of licensed massage therapists who perform acupuncture.

Research Design: The study used a cross-sectional, online survey design involving acupuncture-providing registered massage therapists (RMTs) in the province of Ontario, Canada, where acupuncture is explicitly permitted within the massage therapy profession’s scope. Analysis involved descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis of qualitative findings.

Results: The survey response rate was 33.7% (n=212), representing 25.5% of all Ontario RMTs rostered to practice acupuncture. Participant demographics mirrored the RMT profession as a whole, except that providers were, on average, several years older than other RMTs. Most respondents (72.7%) had completed over 200 hours of training in acupuncture; most training included clean needle technique (96.8%), clinical supervision (93.5%), traditional Chinese medicine content (83.4%), and a final examination (96.8%). Respondents typically used acupuncture in about one-third of their sessions (mean 32.3%, SD 5.0) with an average of 10.5 weekly clients (SD 14.3). Acupuncture-providing RMTs had been initially motivated by acupuncture’s potential effectiveness for musculoskeletal conditions (97.2%), a wish to attract more clients (61.3%), and physical fatigue from delivering manual therapies (48.3%). Most reported being more likely to achieve excellent clinical results (84.9%), experience greater professional satisfaction (79.9%), and attract or retain clients (64.8%) since using acupuncture. A minority also reported earning a higher income (34.6%) and experiencing more adverse events in practice (21.5%). Qualitative responses added explanatory nuance to numeric results.

Conclusions: This study of the use of acupuncture by Ontario’s licensed massage therapists represents a first scholarly account of an emerging global trend that holds promise in enhancing clinical care, professional stability, and provider longevity. Additional research is needed to investigate the practice’s use in other jurisdictions, and to establish international standards for safe and effective practice.
Comparison Between Classic and Light Touch Massage on Psychological and Physical Functional Variables in Athletes: a Randomized Pilot Trial
Authors: Espí-López, PT, PhD Gemma Victoria , Serra-Añó, PT, PhD Pilar , Cuenca-Martínez , PT, MSc Ferran , Suso-Martí, PT, MSc Luis , Inglés, PT, PhD Marta
Published: December 2020

Background: Despite the general belief of the benefits and the widespread use of massage in sport field, there are limited empirical data on possible effectiveness of massage on psychological and physical functional variables.

Purpose: The main objective of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of classical and light touch massage on psychological and physical functional variables in athletes.

Setting: Athletic club of Valencia

Participants: 20 amateur athletes were recruited from two athletic clubs.

Research Design: A single-blind, randomized, pilot-placebo trial.

Intervention: The subjects were randomly allocated to two different groups: a) Massage group (MG) (n=10); b) Control group (CG) (n=10). The intervention period lasted one month (one session per week).

Main Outcome Measures: Assessment of the participants was performed at baseline and 24 hours following the completion of the intervention. Outcome measures included hip flexion, knee extension, and mood state.

Results: The results suggest that MG obtained better results on physical variables (p < .05). However, for both groups, trends suggest significant improvements in the overall mood state of the participants (p < .05).

Conclusion: Our results suggest that classic massage could be an effective intervention to improve functional physical variables in athletes. However, trends suggest that a light touch intervention could provoke improvements in physiological measures.
The Architecture of Connective Tissue in the Musculoskeletal System—Often Overlooked Functional Parameter as to the Proprioception of the Locomotor Apparatus
Authors: Van der Wal, MD, PhD Jaap
Published: December 2020

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Effects of Massage Therapy on Multiple Sclerosis: a Case Report
Authors: Frost-Hunt, RMT Amy
Published: December 2020

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is characterized by degeneration of the myelin sheath of an axon resulting in decreased transmission of nerve impulses. It is an autoimmune disease with periods of exacerbation and remission. Types of MS include relapsing-remitting, acute progressive, chronic progressive attack-remitting, and benign. Symptoms vary from patient to patient. Common symptoms include fatigue, spasticity, swelling, and altered gait. MS is commonly treated with medications that help relieve symptoms and prolong disease progression. Massage Therapy (MT), specifically Swedish techniques, have been effective in treating MS.

Objective: To examine the effects of MT on mobility, fatigue, and edema in a patient with MS.

Methods: An MT student from MacEwan University’s 2,200-hour Massage Therapy program administered five MT treatments over a six-week period to a 58-year-old female diagnosed with MS 11 years earlier. She presented with symptoms of decreased mobility, fatigue, and left ankle edema. Assessment included active and passive range of motion (ROM), myotomes, dermatomes, reflexes, and orthopedic tests. Goals for the treatment sessions were to increase mobility, decrease fatigue, and decrease edema. Assessment measures included the Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) test for mobility, the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) to measure fatigue, and Figure-8 ankle measurement to measure edema. Techniques used included Swedish massage, passive ROM, manual lymphatic drainage (MLD), and home-care exercises.

Results: Little change was noted in mobility. The patient’s fatigue level and left ankle edema decreased.

Conclusion: The results suggest that MT is effective in reducing fatigue and edema in a patient with MS. Future studies are needed to evaluate the correlation between mobility and massage.
Next Steps for the Massage Therapy Foundation Research Agenda
Authors: Kennedy, LMT, BCTMB, DrPH Ann Blair
Published: December 2020

Foundational to any health profession is the seeking of new knowledge based upon, and guided by, scientific inquiry. To determine what new knowledge is most needed, stakeholders will often createresearch agendas to guide the path of future research. This editorial introduces the Massage Therapy Foundation’s 2020 Research Agenda, and invites readers to provide input into the prioritization of objectives and goals within the Agenda.
Identifying Bound Stellar Companions to Kepler Exoplanet Host Stars Using Speckle Imaging
Authors: Colton Nicole M. , Horch Elliott P. , Everett Mark E. , Howell Steve B. , Davidson James W. , Baptista Brian J. , Casetti-Dinescu Dana I.
Published: December 2020

The Kepler mission and subsequent ground-based follow-up observations have revealed a number of exoplanet host stars with nearby stellar companions. This study presents speckle observations of 57 Kepler objects of interest (KOIs) that are also double stars, each observed over a 3–8 yr period, which has allowed us to track their relative motions with high precision. Measuring the position angle and separation of the companion with respect to the primary can help determine if the pair exhibits common proper motion, indicating it is likely to be a bound binary system. We report on the motions of 34 KOIs that have close stellar companions, three of which are triple stars, for a total of 37 companions studied. Eighteen of the 34 systems are confirmed exoplanet hosts, including one triple star, while four other systems have been subsequently judged to be false positives and twelve are yet to be confirmed as planet hosts. We find that 21 are most likely to be common proper motion pairs, 4 are line-of-sight companions, and 12 are of an uncertain disposition at present. The fraction of the confirmed exoplanet host systems that are common proper motion pairs is approximately 86% in this sample. In this subsample, the planets are exclusively found with periods of less than 110 days, so that in all cases the stellar companion is found at a much larger separation from the planet host star than the planet itself. A preliminary period–radius relation for the confirmed planets in our sample suggests no obvious differences at this stage with the full sample of known exoplanets.
The Sun: Light Dark Matter and Sterile Neutrinos
Authors: Lopes Ilídio
Published: December 2020

Next-generation experiments allow for the possibility of testing the neutrino flavor oscillation model to very high levels of accuracy. Here, we explore the possibility that the dark matter in the current universe is made of two particles, a sterile neutrino and a very light dark matter particle. By using a 3+1 neutrino flavor oscillation model, we study how such a type of dark matter imprints the solar neutrino fluxes, spectra, and survival probabilities of electron neutrinos. The current solar neutrino measurements allow us to define an upper limit for the ratio of the mass of a light dark matter particle m

ϕ
and the Fermi constant G

ϕ
, such that G

ϕ
/m

ϕ
must be smaller than 1030
G
F eV−1 to be in agreement with current solar neutrino data from the Borexino, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, and Super-Kamiokande detectors. Moreover, for models with a very small Fermi constant, the amplitude of the time variability must be lower than 3% to be consistent with current solar neutrino data. We also found that solar neutrino detectors like Darwin, able to measure neutrino fluxes in the low-energy range with high accuracy, will provide additional constraints to this class of models that complement the ones obtained from the current solar neutrino detectors.
A Fast, Simple, Robust Algorithm for Coronal Temperature Reconstruction
Authors: Plowman Joseph , Caspi Amir
Published: December 2020

We describe a new algorithm for reconstruction of differential emission measures (DEMs) in the solar corona. Although a number of such algorithms currently exist, they can have difficulty converging for some cases and can be complex, slow, or idiosyncratic in their output (i.e., their inversions can have features that are a result of the inversion code and instrument response, not of the solar source); we will document some of these issues in this paper. The new algorithm described here significantly reduces these drawbacks and is particularly notable for its simplicity; it is reproduced here, in full, on a single page. After we describe the algorithm, we compare its performance and fidelity with some prevalent methods. Although presented here for extreme-ultraviolet data, the algorithm is robust and extensible to any other wavelengths (e.g., X-rays) where the DEM treatment is valid.
Relation of Coronal Rain Originating from Coronal Condensations to Interchange Magnetic Reconnection
Authors: Li Leping , Peter Hardi , Chitta Lakshmi Pradeep , Song Hongqiang
Published: December 2020

Using extreme-ultraviolet images, we recently proposed a new and alternative formation mechanism for coronal rain along magnetically open field lines due to interchange magnetic reconnection. In this paper we report coronal rain at chromospheric and transition region temperatures originating from the coronal condensations facilitated by reconnection between open and closed coronal loops. For this, we employ the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) of the Solar Dynamics Observatory. Around 2013 October 19, a coronal rain along curved paths was recorded by IRIS over the southeastern solar limb. Related to this, we found reconnection between a system of higher-lying open features and lower-lying closed loops that occurs repeatedly in AIA images. In this process, the higher-lying features form magnetic dips. In response, two sets of newly reconnected loops appear and retract away from the reconnection region. In the dips, seven events of cooling and condensation of coronal plasma repeatedly occur due to thermal instability over several days, from October 18 to 20. The condensations flow downward to the surface as coronal rain, with a mean interval between condensations of ∼6.6 hr. In the cases where IRIS data were available we found the condensations to cool all the way down to chromospheric temperatures. Based on our observations we suggest that some of the coronal rain events observed at chromospheric temperatures could be explained by the new and alternative scenario for the formation of coronal rain, where the condensation is facilitated by interchange reconnection.
Discovery of Magellanic Stellar Debris in the H3 Survey
Authors: Zaritsky Dennis , Conroy Charlie , Naidu Rohan P. , Cargile Phillip A. , Putman Mary , Besla Gurtina , Bonaca Ana , Caldwell Nelson , Jesse Han Jiwon , Johnson Benjamin D. , Speagle Joshua S. , Ting 丁源森 Yuan-Sen
Published: December 2020

We report the discovery of 15 stars in the H3 survey that lie, in projection, near the tip of the trailing gaseous Magellanic Stream (MS). The stars have Galactocentric velocities <−155 km s−1, Galactocentric distances of ≈40 to 80 kpc (increasing along the MS), and [Fe/H] consistent with that of stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud. These 15 stars comprise 94% (15 of 16) of the H3 observed stars to date that have R
GAL > 37.5 kpc, −350 km s−1 < V
GSR < −155 km s−1, and are not associated with the Sagittarius Stream. They represent a unique portion of the Milky Way’s outer halo phase space distribution function and confirm that unrelaxed structure is detectable even at radii where H3 includes only a few hundred stars. Due to their statistical excess, their close association with the MS and HI compact clouds in the same region, both in position and velocity space, and their plausible correspondence with tidal debris in a published simulation, we identify these stars as debris of past Magellanic Cloud encounters. These stars are evidence for a stellar component of the tidal debris field far from the Clouds themselves and provide unique constraints on the interaction.
Recognition and revision of the Phelister blairi group (Histeridae, Histerinae, Exosternini)
Authors: Caterino Michael S. , Tishechkin Alexey K.
Published: December 2020

Forty-nine new species of Neotropical Exosternini are described in this work, representing the newly recognized Phelister blairi species group, within the large, heterogeneous taxon Phelister. Eight previously described species are also assigned to this group. Relationships within are indicated with several informal subgroups: P. blairi subgroup: (P. blairi Hinton, 1935, P. erwinisp. nov., P. fimbriatussp. nov., P. stellanssp. nov., P. sparsussp. nov., P. pretiosussp. nov., P. trigonisternus Marseul, 1889, P. globosussp. nov., P. serratussp. nov., P. geminussp. nov., P. paranasp. nov., P. asperatussp. nov., P. uniformissp. nov., P. miscellussp. nov., P. inbiosp. nov., P. sculpturatus Schmidt, 1893, P. tunkisp. nov., P. praedatoris Reichensperger, 1939, P. ifficussp. nov., P. genierisp. nov., P. marginatussp. nov., P. vazdemelloisp. nov., P. dilatatussp. nov., P. spectabilissp. nov., P. pervagatussp. nov.); P. amazoniae subgroup: (P. morbidussp. nov., P. annulatussp. nov., P. sphaericussp. nov., P. geijskesi Kanaar, 1997, P. fraternussp. nov., P. conjunctussp. nov., P. chabooaesp. nov., P. striatinotum Wenzel & Dybas, 1941, P. notandus Schmidt, 1893, P. amazoniae (Lewis, 1898) comb. nov., P. arcuatussp. nov.); P. gregarius subgroup: (P. gregariussp. nov., P. praecisussp. nov., P. rudissp. nov., P. incongruenssp. nov., P. congruenssp. nov., P. praesignissp. nov.); P. umens subgroup: (P. umenssp. nov., P. almeidaesp. nov., P. chicomendesisp. nov., P. microdenssp. nov., P. matatlanticasp. nov.); P. curvipes subgroup: (P. curvipessp. nov., P. vilavelhasp. nov.); P. rio subgroup: (P. riosp. nov., P. semotussp. nov., P. uncinatussp. nov., P. inscriptussp. nov.); incertae sedis – unplaced to subgroup: (P. incertussp. nov., P. okeefeisp. nov., P. blairoidessp. nov., P. piranasp. nov.). Lectotypes are designated for the following species: P. trigonisternus Marseul, P. sculpturatus Schmidt, P. praedatoris Reichensperger, P. notandus Schmidt, and Discoscelis amazoniae Lewis. Preliminary phylogenetic analyses of the broader Neotropical Exosternini do not support the monophyly of the P. blairi group, nor of all of these subgroups, but the majority do fall within one large clade (which is potentially paraphyletic with respect to some other Neotropical exosternine genera). More work on the phylogeny and taxonomy of this diverse fauna is needed.
Does corruption impact the demand for bank credit? A study of discouraged borrowers in Asian developing countries
Authors: Statnik Jean-Christophe , Vu Thi-Le-Giang
Published: December 2020

Deux dysfonctionnements majeurs peuvent affecter le marché du crédit : le rationnement du crédit et le découragement des emprunteurs. Si le premier a été étudié en détail depuis plus de 40 ans, le second est un objet de recherche bien plus récent. Dans cet article, nous améliorons la compréhension de ce problème qui affecte la demande de crédit en examinant le rôle joué par la corruption. Plus précisément, en utilisant les données des enquêtes menées depuis 10 ans par la Banque Mondiale auprès des entreprises de pays en voie de développement, nous montrons, 1) que le niveau de découragement des emprunteurs et la corruption sont négativement corrélés, 2) que cette relation est non linéaire et dépend du niveau de développement économique. Ainsi, nous montrons que dans les pays les plus développés, plus le niveau de corruption est élevé, plus les entreprises sont découragées ; en revanche, cette relation s’inverse dans les pays les moins développés. Nous expliquons ce résultat par le poids de la réglementation gouvernementale : la corruption est un moyen de contourner une réglementation trop lourde.
Stock returns and weather: The case of European listed energy firms
Authors: Bertrand Jean-Louis , Chabot Miia
Published: December 2020

L’influence de la météo sur les marchés boursiers a été principalement étudiée dans le cadre de la finance comportementale. En utilisant un CAPM météo appliqué aux énergéticiens européens, nous montrons que la communication financière sur la météo a peu d’influence et qu’il existe un effet retard de la météo sur les rendements. L’erreur entre rendements attendus et observés diminue de 20 % entre le MEDAF météo et le MEDAF classique. Avec l’augmentation de la variabilité climatique, ces résultats suggèrent de prendre en compte l’impact de la météo sur les rendements des actions des 70 % d’entreprises exposées à la météo.
Ithaque face à la crise sanitaire. Objectif : maintien des accueils !
Authors: Di Nino Fiorant
Published: December 2020

Lors du confinement instauré en France pendant la pandémie de Covid-19, l’association Ithaque, basée sur Strasbourg, s’est adaptée en modifiant ses modalités d’intervention (à la SCMR, en CAARUD, en CSAPA, en microstructures), voire en inventant de nouvelles manières d’aller vers des personnes qui, autrement, auraient été laissées pour compte.
Les usagers de drogues durant le confinement dû à la pandémie de Covid-19 : la vision d’ASUD
Authors: Velazquez Miguel
Published: December 2020

Dans cet article, le représentant d’ASUD présente l’association en l’inscrivant dans l’élaboration de la politique de réduction des risques en France. Puis il nous fait partager ce qu’a été le confinement pour ce groupe historique de l’auto-support des usagers et des ex-usagers de drogues. Il revient sur les leçons tirées de cette expérience. Fidèle à son image revendicative, il conclut en exprimant les demandes que cette association voudrait voir réalisées au lendemain de cette pandémie.
Entre confinement et répression : comment les usagers de cannabis se sont organisés
Authors: Carrez Raphaël , Lopez Fabienne
Published: December 2020

Patient(e)s se soignant au cannabis au sein de l’association Principes Actifs, nous recensons dans cet article les effets du confinement dû à l’épidémie de Covid-19 sur les modes d’approvisionnement du cannabis et son usage, à partir notamment de nos observations de terrain. Un temps bouleversé, le trafic s’est vite réinventé et les usager(e)s de cannabis n’ont finalement pas souffert de pénurie, notent des enquêtes. Autoriser l’autoproduction et légaliser le cannabis n’en constitueraient pas moins une solution pour le « monde d’après » Covid-19.
Le cannabis toujours confiné en France...
Authors: Marie Jean-Charles , Maillard Alexandra , Buffière Florent
Published: December 2020

L’association NORML France essaie d’introduire auprès des pouvoirs publics, des professionnels de santé et des consommateurs la notion de réduction des risques spécifiques à l’usage de cannabis. Elle présente ici les outils et méthodes mis en avant pour limiter au maximum l’impact sanitaire de cette consommation, avec un focus particulier sur la pratique de « l’abstinence préprogrammée » qui a pris toute sa signification pendant la période de confinement. Les conséquences de la crise sanitaire sur l’approvisionnement sont également mises en perspective avec les actions juridiques menées par NORML France pour la régulation du cannabis dans un contexte français marqué par la mise en place d’une amende forfaitaire délictuelle pour son usage, le retard pris dans l’expérimentation du cannabis thérapeutique et le lancement d’un débat national en vue de l’élection présidentielle.
L’impact psychosocial du (dé)confinement : repenser l’accompagnement de la population générale en période de crise
Authors: Tourette-Turgis Catherine , Chollier Marie
Published: December 2020

L’impact psychosocial des mesures de confinement ou de quarantaine a été documenté depuis près de deux décennies au fil des différentes épidémies. Cependant, aucune de ces pandémies n’avait sévèrement impacté les pays d’Europe de l’Ouest. La Covid-19 est une pandémie globale dont la gestion a impacté la population à tous niveaux. En France, le confinement et la sortie du confinement ont été analysés par plusieurs recherches, les données préliminaires mettant en avant les différents facteurs de vulnérabilité et les populations les plus démunies. Les auteures soulignent les enjeux de santé mentale publique et la nécessité d’une stratégie de prévention et d’accompagnement.
Motivation du Service Public en contexte africain : une étude au ministère de l’Économie et des Finances du Bénin
Authors: Glidja Judith , Quenum Simplice
Published: December 2020

Cette contribution cherche à examiner les déterminants de la Motivation du Service Public (MSP) au Bénin. Pour y arriver, un échantillon de 215 agents de l’Administration centrale du ministère des Finances du Bénin a été constitué et interrogé. Les résultats obtenus à partir de l’analyse de régression non paramétrique et l’analyse statistique multidimensionnelle ont montré l’existence des liens positifs entre sécurité de l’emploi, l’absence d’évaluation factuelle, les conditions salariales et le choix du service public puis des liens négatifs entre la volonté de rendre service à autrui sans récompense tangible et cette Motivation du Service Public.
Les stratégies de plateformes analysées sous le prisme de l’intelligence artificielle
Authors: Acquatella François , Fernandez Valérie , Houy Thomas
Published: December 2020

Les plateformes dominantes sur Internet portent une forme de reconfiguration des différents marchés auxquels elles s’adressent. Souvent multifaces, ces plateformes se positionnent comme une infrastructure nouvelle pour tous les acteurs de marché qui viennent s’y connecter. Aussi, elles témoignent d’un nouveau paradigme de développement économique fondé sur des stratégies de captation et de création de valeur spécifiques. La dynamique stratégique de ces plateformes s’appuie désormais en grande partie sur le développement des technologies de l’intelligence artificielle (IA). Cet article vise dans un premier temps à analyser le rôle et les incidences des technologies de l’IA sur la dynamique stratégique des plateformes. Dans un second temps, il vise à appréhender la spécificité des dynamiques stratégiques selon différents types de plateforme. Enfin, nous proposons une discussion sur les enjeux et les risques associés aux stratégies totalement supportées par la « data science ».
Enjeux de l’accompagnement des mères souffrant d’addiction
Authors: Cattin Michel
Published: December 2020

Notre expérience clinique ainsi que la recherche montrent que la consommation de produits stupéfiants a un impact sur la grossesse, sur le fœtus, sur le lien que les parents construisent entre eux et avec leur enfant. Les parents souffrant d’addiction vivent souvent la grossesse et la naissance comme une nouvelle façon de répondre à leur besoin d’apaiser leurs souffrances que, jusque-là, ils géraient à l’aide des consommations. Le risque est que l’enfant devienne le porteur de cette attente d’apaisement. Nous exposerons ici l’état des recherches au sujet de l’effet des consommations sur le fœtus ainsi que l’impact de la grossesse puis de la naissance sur le comportement addict et sur le couple.
Deux à deux
Authors: Paiva Nathalie , Pauwels Arnaud
Published: December 2020

À partir de notre expérience d’une consultation de cothérapie pour les couples, nous tentons de conceptualiser le dispositif que nous proposons. Nous commençons par décrire quels sont les « piliers cliniques » qui fondent notre pratique. Ensuite, nous partageons comment notre relation constitue le levier thérapeutique essentiel de notre dispositif, grâce à trois éléments : le dialogue relationnel, notre liberté à circuler sur le cycle de l’ambiance, autant entre altérité et égalité qu’entre position « intra » et « méta » et enfin, troisième élément indispensable, le plaisir de travailler ensemble.
Longitudinal Chromatic Aberration in Patients Implanted With Trifocal Diffractive Hydrophobic IOLs
Authors: Vinas Maria , Gonzalez-Ramos Ana Maria , Aissati Sara , Garzón Nuria , Poyales Francisco , Dorronsoro Carlos , Marcos Susana
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE:

To measure the in vivo longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) from the chromatic difference of focus (480 to 700 nm) using psychophysical methods in patients bilaterally implanted with a hydrophobic trifocal intraocular lens (IOL).

METHODS:

Psychophysical best focus was measured in both eyes at different wavelengths (480 to 700 nm) and at three different viewing distances (0.00, +1.75, and +3.50 diopters [D]) using a custom-developed polychromatic adaptive optics set-up provided with a supercontinuum laser, a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor, a deformable mirror, a motorized Badal system, a pupil monitoring system, and a psychophysical channel with monochromatically illuminated stimuli. Measurements were performed on 10 patients (20 eyes) bilaterally implanted with hydrophobic trifocal diffractive IOLs (FineVisionHP POD F GF; PhysIOL). LCA was computed from the chromatic difference of focus curves as the difference between 480 and 700 nm at near, intermediate, and far.

RESULTS:

The LCA from psychophysical measurements was significantly higher for far vision (0.99 ± 0.06 diopters [D]), than for intermediate (0.67 ± 0.10 D) and near (0.23 ± 0.08 D) vision (one-way analysis of variance,
P
< .05).

CONCLUSIONS:

LCA for far vision was significantly higher than for intermediate and near vision in hydrophobic trifocal diffractive IOLs, in agreement with a previous study with the same optical design but hydrophilic material IOLs. The LCA for the hydro-phobic IOL is slightly higher than for the hydrophilic IOL at far. Different combinations of refractive and diffractive LCA will allow optimizing IOL designs to improve polychromatic image quality.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(12):804–810.]
Je res to storil? Friderik V. Ptujski – strahopetec ali žrtev?
Authors: Bele Martin
Published: December 2020

Članek obravnava spor med štajerskima plemiškima rodbinama s sedežema na Ptuju in Liechtensteinu, ki se je kratek čas odvijal v 13. stoletju. Nekatere spise, ki so nastali v kontekstu tega spora, imamo lahko za prve ohranjene primerke srednjeveške propagande ene šta- jerske rodbine proti drugi. Namen članka je obravnavati najpomembnejši narativni vir tistega časa, t. i. Štajersko rimano kroniko Otokarja iz Geule, ki je bil v službi liechtensteinske rodbine. Eden od ciljev kronike je bil predstaviti Friderika V. Ptujskega kot strahopetca, ki naj bi bil pobegnil iz bitke na Moravskem polju. Članek predstavlja razloge za spor in njegov potek, dejansko obtožbo strahopetnosti, presojo resnice za obtožbo ter epilog celotnega spora med rodbinama. Obema štajer- skima plemičema – Otonu II. Liechtensteinskemu in Frideriku V. Ptujskemu – se je v začetku osemdesetih let 13. stoletja uspelo pobotati, kar sta poudarila tudi z medsebojno poroko svojih otrok.
Reprezentativne zgradbe grofov Celjskih – izraz dinastične propagande
Authors: Kosi Miha
Published: December 2020

Grofje Celjski so bili nedvomno najpomembnejša ple- miška rodbina z izvorom na današnjem slovenskem ozemlju. Njihov meteorski vzpon je dosegel zenit s povišanjem v državne kneze leta 1436, vendar so že leta 1456 izumrli. Na višku moči so posedovali okrog 125 gradov, kar je bil rezultat več kot stoletja dolge načrtne grajske politike. Eden od načinov izražanja moči in prestiža so bile tudi reprezentativne zgradbe, obenem oblika dinastične propagande. Članek prikazuje nekatere prestižne zgradbe Celjskih: mestni grad v Celju, njihovo glavno rezidenco, dva strateška gradova na dostopih iz Italije (Vipava, Postojna), tri nove, ki so jih grofje zgradili v 15. stoletju (Bela Peč, Fridrihštajn, Mokrice), dva na prestižnih lokacijah na Koroškem (Landskron) oziroma pri Dunaju (Liechtenstein) in njihove mestne rezidence na Dunaju, v Zagrebu, Budimu in Beogradu.
Nacionalni slogi kot propagandno sredstvo prebujajočih se narodov
Authors: Lazarini Franci
Published: December 2020

Prispevek obravnava različne nacionalne arhitekturne sloge, značilne za arhitekturo zadnjih desetletij Habsburške monarhije, na območju Slovenije, jih umešča v sočasno avstro-ogrsko arhitekturno produkcijo in skuša opredeliti njihovo propagandno vlogo. Predstavljeni so poskusi Ivana Jagra, Cirila Metoda Kocha in Ivana Vurnika za oblikovanje slovenskega nacionalnega sloga, obravnavani pa so tudi primeri češkega in nemškega nacionalnega sloga (nemške neorenesanse). V zaključnem delu avtor ovrže opredelitev opusa Lászla Takátsa v Murski Soboti za primer madžarskega nacionalnega sloga.
Narodi gredo svojo silno pot
Authors: Krmelj Vesna
Published: December 2020

Prispevek z vidika cenzure in propagande obravnava pogoje za umetniško produkcijo v času vojnega absolutizma na Kranjskem, kjer je generacija slovenske moderne in impresionistov šele vzpostavljala pogoje za institucionalni razvoj slovenske umetnosti in s tem posledično tudi za uspešno propagando. Številni umetniki zato v vojni propagandi niso našli le možnosti za preživetje, temveč so v povečanem obtoku in pomenu vizualnih sporočil hkrati prepoznali tudi priložnost za uveljavitev tako osebnih kot narodnih idealov. Kljub prevladujočim avstrijsko-germanskim vzorcem so skozi likovno tradicijo narodne pokrajine, ljudsko umetnost in slovensko poezijo našli načine za spodbujanje slovenske nacionalne zavesti.
Implementation of a Web-Based Tool With Text Message Prompts to Improve End-of-Shift Assessments for Emergency Medicine Residents
Authors: Tobias Adam , Sobehart Robert , Doshi Ankur A. , Suffoletto Brian
Published: December 2020

Background

End-of-shift assessments (ESA) can provide representative data on medical trainee performance but do not occur routinely and are not documented systematically.

Objective

To evaluate the implementation of a web-based tool with text message prompts to assist mobile ESA (mESA) in an emergency medicine (EM) residency program.

Methods

mESA used timed text messages to prompt faculty/trainees to expect in-person qualitative ESA in a milestone content area and for the faculty to record descriptive performance data through a web-based platform. We assessed implementation between January 2018 and November 2019 using the RE-AIM framework (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance).

Results

Reach: 96 faculty and 79 trainees participated in the mESA program. Effectiveness: From surveys, approximately 72% of faculty and 58% of trainees reported increases in providing and receiving ESA feedback after program implementation. From ESA submissions, trainees reported receiving in-person feedback on 90% of shifts. Residency leadership confirmed perceived utility of the mESA program. Adoption: mESA prompts were sent on 7792 unique shifts across 4 EDs, all days of week, and different times of day. Faculty electronically submitted ESA feedback on 45% of shifts. Implementation quality: No technological errors occurred. Maintenance: Completion of in-person ESA feedback and electronic submission of feedback by faculty was stable over time.

Conclusions

We found mixed evidence in support of using a web-based tool with text message prompts for mESA for EM trainees.