bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling Time Series for Prediction of Thalassemia in Nineveh Governorate
Authors: Thanoon Shaymaa Riyadh
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research is to analyze the time series of Thalassemia cancer cases by making assumptions on the number of cases to formulate the problem to find the best model for predicting the number of patients in Nineveh governorate using (Box and Jenkins) method of analysis based on the monthly data provided by Al Salam Hospital in Nineveh for the period (2014-2018). The results of the analysis showed that the appropriate model of analysis is the Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) (2,1,0) and based on this model the number of people with this disease was predicted for the next two years where the results showed values ​​consistent with the original values which indicates the good quality of the model.
Relationship of the cardiac biomarkers with COVID-19: A review
Authors: Aldossari Abdullah
Published: September 2021

This review was designed to find out the effect of biomarkers used as predictive signs for the diagnosis of cardiac injury on COVID-19 patients and the probability of death. The current literature has been reviewed and some results considered. A systematic literary research has been conducted in Google Scholar, Web of Science and Pubmed for research starting from the date the disease appeared In December 2019 until the beginning of April 2020, the references used research phrases containing COVID-19 and its relationship to predictive indicators of cardiac injury. The results of the citations showed 8 researches related to this topic that used cardiac biomarkers that are high sensitive Cardiac troponin (Hs-cTn) and Natriuretic peptides (NP), creatine kinase type MB (CK-MB) and high sensitive C-reactive protein(Hs-CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) with COVID-19 patients. This review concluded that there was a significant increase in cardiac biomarkers in those with COVID-19 who had a medical history of cardiac injury who were more likely to die.
The use of pectin to synthesis and characterize hydrogel (composite, grafting and blending) and study of some water retention properties
Authors: . Maryam Imran kafi , . Tariq Abdul Jalil Mandil
Published: September 2021

This research was conducted to purpose preparing and characterization various types of hydrogels such as blending, composite and grafting. This was done by reacting monomers such as acrylamide (A.M), methyl acrylate (M.A) and polymers. Polyvinyl Pyrrolidine (PVP) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with pectin was prepared from citrus peels. Hydrogel polymers (graft, blend and composite) were characterized using different techniques such as Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of the reactions were identical to the theoretical expectations. The study was conducted to find out some properties such as swelling in water and absorption at different temperatures 25 °C and 20 °C, and the results were shown as a (559.9%, 429.2%) and (515.2%, 363.2%) respectively.
دراسة التراكم الحيوي لثلاثة من العناصر الثقيلة في عضلات وغلاصم وكبد لأربعة أنواع من الأسماك الاقتصادية من نهر دجلة ضمن مدينة سامراء
Authors: . هشام فاضل شاكر , . نهاد خورشيد وهاب
Published: September 2021

تضمن البحث الحالي دراسة تراكيز بعض العناصر الثقيلة (الكادميوم والخارصين والنحاس) في عضلات وغلاصم وكبد لأربعة أنواع من الأسماك (الشلق والبلعوط الملوكي والحمري والخشني) المصاده فصلياً بدأ من آب 2018 ولغاية آذار 2019, أظهرت النتائج تراكم العناصر الثقيلة في نسج وأعضاء الأسماك(الشلق والبلعوط الملوكي والحمري والخشني) في محطتي الدراسة واتبعت التسلسل التنازلي الآتي: سمكة الشلق > الحمري > البلعوط الملوكي> الخشني, وبَيَّنَت النتائج إلى اختلاف في تراكم العناصر الثقيلة في نسج وأعضاء أربعة أنواع من الأسماك إذ أتبع الترتيب التنازلي الآتي الكبد > الغلاصم > العضلات, وأتبعت العناصر تراكم لمعدلها السنوي فيها الترتيب التنازلي الآتي: الخارصين > النحاس > الكادميوم. لذا فأن المحطة الأُولى (العباسية) تعد أقل تلوث بالعناصر الثلاثة.
تحضير ، تشخيص وتقييم الفعالية البيولوجية لبعض معقدات النيكل (II)، الفضة (I) ، والزئبق (II) لصبغة الازو الجديدة للبايرين
Authors: . نور خالد ياسين , . ايمان عبدالواحد عثمان , . ملاذ خلف رشيد
Published: September 2021

تضمن البحث تحضير ليكاند جديد من أصباغ الازو والمشتقة من البايرين وذلك من ازدواج ملح الديازونيوم للمركب الاميني 4-امينو انتي بايرين مع الاسيتايل اسيتون فتم الحصول على الليكاند ((Lومن ثم تم عملية تعقيد الليكاند (L) مع املاح الايونات الفلزية (Ni(ІІ),Ag(І),Hg(ІІ)) بنسبة 1:2 ليكاند : فلز شخص الليكاند والمعقدات بواسطة تقنية التحليل الكمي الدقيق للعناصر (C.H.N.S) وأطياف الأشعة فوق البنفسجية - المرئية وأطياف الأشعة تحت الحمراء (FT-IR) وطيف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي ، وأجريت قياسات الحساسية المغناطيسية لمعقد النيكل حيث اظهرت هذه القياسات وجود صفة البارامغناطيسية لمعقدات النيكل((II. ومن خلال النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها تم اقتراح الصيغ التركيبية للمعقدات المخلبية التي تبين من خلالها أن ليكاند الآزو يسلك كليكاند ثنائي السن ، وبينت النتائج إلى تكوين معقدات مخلبية اتخذت الشكل ثماني السطوح في معقدات النيكل (II) بينما معقدات الفضة (I) والزئبق (II) اتخذت الشكل رباعي السطوح. تم دراسة الفعالية البكتيرية لليكاند و المعقدات المحضرة بنسبة 1:2 باستخدام نوعين من البكتيريا هي السالبة لصبغة كرام (Sehigella dysenteria) ,والموجبة لصبغة كرام (Bacillus pumilus) إذ أثبتت قدرتها على تثبيط البكتريا المنتخبة.
تقييم علاقة الارتباط بين مستوى الفايبرونكتين في اللعاب والمصل لدى مرضى احتشاء عضلة القلب في مدينة سامراء/العراق
Authors: . تمارة مصطفى نظير , . عبد السلام توفيق صالح السامرائي
Published: September 2021

تضمنت الدراسة 50 مريضا (18 اناثاً) و (32 ذكوراً) مصابين باحتشاء العضلة القلبية وتتراوح اعمارهم ما بين (40-73) سنة، تم اختيارهم عن طريق تشخيص حالاتهم المرضية في مستشفى سامراء، للفترة من 1/9/2019 والى 9/6/2020 , وتم مقارنتها مع مجموعة السيطرة التي تضمنت 25 عينة من الاشخاص الاصحاء. تم قياس مستوى الفايبرونكتين في الدم واللعاب، ومستويات الدهون في المصل والمتمثلة بالكولسترول الكلي والدهون الثلاثية والبروتينات الدهنية واطئة الكثافة. وأظهرت النتائج ارتفاعا معنويا (05p ≤ 0.) في مستوى الفايبرونكتين في مصل المرضى 5.771±1.461)) نانو غرام /مل مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة (0.374±0.089) نانو غرام / سم 3، وانخفض تركيز فايبرونكتين اللعاب معنويا (05 .0p ≤ ) في المرضى (0.424±0.110) نانو غرام / مل مقارنة بالأصحاء (9.775±2.808) نانو غرام / مل .و أظهرت النتائج ارتفاعا معنويا (05 p ≤ 0.) في تراكيز كل من (الكولسترول، TG، (LDL-Ch في المرضى ((230.62±34.989، ((217.60±39.894، (152.34±35.319) ملغم/100مل مقارنــة بمجمــوعة السيطـــــــرة (169.20±21.136) ،(32.058± 132.92)، (69.04±10.510) ملغم/ 100مل على التوالي و اظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة أيجابية بين مستوى الفايبرونكتين في المصل واللعاب، وبين مستوى الفايبرونكتين والكولسترول، وعلاقة ارتباط معنوية بين فايبرونكتين المصل وTG ,LDL , بالنسبة للأشخاص الاصحاء.
On the primefulness of local cohomology modules
Authors: Hamaali Payman Mahmood , Jabbar Adil Kadir
Published: September 2021

Let be a commutative Noetherian ring with identity For a non-zero module . We prove that a multiplication primeful module and are I-cofinite and primeful, for each where is an ideal of with . As a consequence, we deduce that, if and are multiplication primeful R- modules, then is primeful. Another result is, for a projective module over an integral domain, admits projective resolution such that each is primeful (faithfully flat).
تقييم فعالية التانينات والفلافونيدات المعزولة من قشور الرمان على بعض وظائف الكبد والكلى
Authors: محمد أحمد جاسم , السامرائي عثمان رشيد
Published: September 2021

أجريت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة فعالية قشور الرمان وكذلك التانينات والفلافونيدات المعزولة منه ضد الإجهاد التأكسدي المستحدث ببيروكسيد الهيدروجين في ذكور الأرانب المحلية، وذلك من خلال تقييم فعالية المركبات المعزولة على بعض وظائف الكبد والكلى. تضمنت الدراسة عزل التانينات والفلافونيدات من قشور الرمان، كما شملت الدراسة خمسة مجاميع (بواقع ستة حيوانات لكل مجموعة): مجموعة السيطرة الموجبة C+: غذيت نظام غذائي قياسي، مجموعة السيطرة السالبة C-: أعطيت بيروكسيد الهيدروجين مع الماء بتركيز %0.5 لمدة أربعة أسابيع، المجموعة الاولى G1: جرعت بمستخلص مسحوق قشور الرمان بتركيز 300 ملغم/كغم/يوم، المجموعة الثانية G2: جرعت بمستخلص التانينات المعزولة بتركيز  300ملغم/كغم/يوم، المجموعة الثالثة G3: جرعت بمستخلص الفلافونيدات المعزولة بتركيز 300 ملغم/كغم/يوم، مع اعطاء بيروكسيد الهيدروجين مع الماء بتركيز %0.5 للمجاميع G1 و G2 و G3 طيلة فترة التجريع. اظهرت النتائج ارتفاعاً معنوياً في مستوى الكلوتاثيون وانخفاضاً معنوياً في مستوى مالون ثنائي الألديهايد في المجاميع المجرعة بالمستخلصات مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة السالبة، كما لوحظ تحسناً في إنزيمات الكبد في المجاميع المجرعة بالمستخلصات وذلك من خلال الانخفاض المعنوي مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة السالبة، وكذلك تحسناً في وظائف الكلى من خلال الانخفاض المعنوي في مستويات اليوريا والكرياتنين وحامض اليوريك في المجاميع المجرعة بالمستخلصات مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة السالبة.
تأثير التغذية التكميلية بالنتروجين في بعض صفات نمو الذرة الصفراء صنف (المها) تحت نظام الري بالتنقيط
Authors: عبد الكريم ايمن احمد , هاشم نسرين صبار , كريم خمائل علي
Published: September 2021

اجريت تجربة حقلية في موسم الزراعة الخريفي 2019 في أحد مزارع قرية السبتية / محافظة ديالى، بهدف دراسة تأثير التغذية التكميلية بالنتروجين في بعض صفات نمو الذرة الصفراء. رشت اربعة تراكيز للنتروجين (0،1000،2000،3000) ملغمN.لتر-1 مع أضافة أرضية بثلاثة مستويات (0،100،200) كغم N.هـ-1. بينت النتائج تفوق الرش الورقي عند التركيز 3000 ملغم.لتر-1 في تبكير التزهير الذكري والانثوي والمساحة الورقية بأعطاءه  أعلى القيم هي  55.568 يوم  و 60.067 يوم  و 53.609 دسم2، بينما  اعطى التركيز 1000 ملغم.لتر-1  تفوق في صفة ارتفاع النبات وعدد الاوراق وهي على الترتيب 190.916 سم و14.614 ورقة.  كما اظهرت النتائج تفوق الاضافة الارضية عند المستوى 200 كغم.هـ -1 على المستوى 100 كغم. هـ-1 بجميع الصفات المدروسة وهي  50% تزهير ذكري و50% تزهير انثوي وارتفاع النبات وعدد الاوراق  والمساحة الورقية بأعلى القيم هي 56.088 يوم و60.662 يوم 189.377 سم و14.543  ورقة و49.742 دسم 2.كان للتداخل في التسميد التكميلي تأثيرا على صفات الدراسة.
تطبيق طريقة التزامن من نوع PC على الدائرة الالكترونية الفوضوية من نوع attraction – repulsion
Authors: طلال انتصار برجس , عباس ابوطالب يوسف
Published: September 2021

ناقشت هذه الدراسة احد أنواع طرق التزامن وهي الطريقة المسماة PC, وقد طبقت هذه الطريقة على أحد أنواع دوائر Chua , والمعروفة ب التجاذب – التنافر, وقد نجحت حالة التزامن في الدائرة عندما كان المتغير المرسل هو X1 ومعاملات النظام المزدوج متطابقة, وعندما اختلفت معاملات النظامين المزدوجين لاحظنا عدم التزامن او ما تسمى بحالة شبه التزامن, أن التزامن يختفي تماما عندما حاولنا ان يكون المتغير المرسل هو X2 وفي كلا الحالتين: المعاملات متطابقة او غير متطابقة. تم اختبار طريقة السيطرة المكيفة على الدائرة الفوضوية وقد نجحت تلك الطريقة بعد زمن قدره t=5sec.
تقييم العلاقة بين مستوى هرمون الاسبروسين وبعض المعطيات الكيموحيوية لدى النساء المصابات بمتلازمة المبيض متعدد الاكياس
Authors: مهدي هاجر احمد , السامرائي رفاه رزوق حميد
Published: September 2021

تضمنت الدراسة جمع 95عينة من مصل الدم لتقييم مستوى هرمون الاسبروسين والهرمونات الجنسية لدى المصابات بمتلازمة الـمبيض متعدد الاكياس لعينات تم جمعها من مركز العقم في مستشفى البتول التعليمي للنسائية والاطفال في محافظة ديالى للفترة من15/9/2019 ولغاية 1/12/2019. تم اخذ 60 عينه مصل من النساء المصابات بمتلازمة الـمبيض متعدد الاكياس و28عينة من النساء السليمات والتي تمثل مجموعة السيطرة، تراوحت اعمارهن ما بين (17-40) سنة. قدرت مستويات هرمون الاسبروسين، الكلوكوز، والهرمونات الجنسية (وتشمل الهرمون اللوتيني، الهرمون المحفز للجريبات وهرمون البرولاكتين في مجموعة مرضى متلازمة المبيض متعدد الاكياس ومجموعة السيطرة. أظهرت النتائج انخفاض معنوي عند مستوى احتمالية P ≤0.05)) في مستوى هرمون الاسبروسين لدى مجموعة المريضات المصابات مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة، وارتفاع مستوى الكلوكوز معنويا عند مستوى احتمالية P ≤0.05)) لدى مجموعة المريضات مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة، وانخفاض غير معنوي في مستوى الهرمون المحفز للجريبات في حين لوحظ ارتفاع معنوي عند مستوى احتمالية P ≤0.05)) في مستوى هرمون البرولاكتين والهرمون اللوتيني لدى النساء المصابات بمتلازمة الـPCOS. واظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباط موجبة معنوية بين هرمون الاسبروسين والهرمون اللوتيني لدى مجموعة السيطرة.

     أظهرت النتائج انخفاض معنوي عند مستوى احتمالية P ≤0.05)) في مستوى هرمون الاسبروسين  لدى مجموعة المريضات المصابات مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة, وارتفاع مستوى الكلوكوز معنويا عند مستوى احتمالية P ≤0.05))  لدى مجموعة المريضات مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة، وانخفاض غير معنوي في مستوى الهرمون المحفز للجريبات في حين لوحظ ارتفاع معنوي عند مستوى احتمالية P ≤0.05)) في مستوى هرمون البرولاكتين والهرمون اللوتيني لدى النساء المصابات بمتلازمة الـPCOS. و اظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباط موجبة معنوية بين هرمون الاسبروسين  والهرمون اللوتيني لدى مجموعة السيطرة.
Facilitating in-situ simulations in an acute care environment: A qualitative study
Authors: Robertson-Smith Joanne , Lesa Raewyn , Seaton Philippa
Published: September 2021

Background and objective: Clinical Educators frequently use in-situ simulation-based experiences (SBE) to improve the skill and competency of healthcare professionals. The aim of the experience is to improve the quality of patient care and, ultimately, patient outcomes. The facilitator plays a key role in the in-situ SBE as they provide structure, guidance, and support, to help learners achieve the educational outcomes. However, they often face barriers concerning preparation for their role, time release from clinical duties, time to facilitate an effective debrief, and space constraints. The aim of this research was to gain insights into the opportunities and barriers educators face when facilitating in-situ simulations.Methods: A qualitative descriptive design utilising semi-structured interviews with twelve clinical educators who had facilitated in-situ SBE's in the acute care environment within a hospital facility. Interview data was analysed utilising a general inductive approach to determine themes.Results: The facilitators valued in-situ SBE as a teaching and learning strategy however they faced challenges related to time constraints, resourcing, ‘buy in’ and competing priorities for themselves and the learners.Conclusions: Sustaining an in-situ SBE programme long term requires a departmental culture that normalises SBE as routine practice, a simulation design appropriate to the in-situ environment, and opportunities to engage in a community of practice.
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis of the Spine: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management
Authors: Le Hai V. , Wick Joseph B. , Van Benjamin W. , Klineberg Eric O.
Published: September 2021

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is an ankylosing condition affecting up to 32.5% of the general cohort. Although often asymptomatic, affected individuals may present with back pain, stiffness, dysphagia, functional decline, and neurologic deficits. Radiographically, DISH is characterized by flowing ossifications along the anterior spine spanning ≥4 vertebral bodies. Although the etiology of DISH remains unknown, diabetes mellitus and other metabolic derangements are strongly associated with DISH. Importantly, spinal ankylosis in DISH predisposes patients to unstable spine fractures from low-energy trauma, and careful consideration must be taken in managing these patients. This article reviews the epidemiology and pathophysiology of DISH, and its clinical findings, diagnostic criteria, and management.
Responses of Stock Price to the Public Announcement of Forms of Borrowing
Authors: Sumon Khairul Kabir , Miyan Md. Sazib
Published: September 2021

This study investigates the question of whether an announcement of bank loan agreement increases the abnormal return. That is, the bank loan agreement conveys some positive information about the borrowing firm. The study used three different event windows (i.e.) two-day, three-day, and five-day windows to check the effect of the announcement for a period of 1995 to 2015. In order to measure the effect, the return has been calculated using the market model, then CARs have been calculated. The study found that CARs is statistically significant for all of the three-event windows. In the two-day window, it is found that abnormal return increases by 15 BPS within these two days, which is almost 19.315% on an annual basis. It is also evident in the study that the effect of the announcement is more on small size firms.
Knowledge of prevention and treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among young men
Authors: Florkiewicz Maria , Tobolska Anna , Bączek Grażyna
Published: September 2021

Background: Today, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has become the most common sexually transmitted
disease worldwide. Major consequences of contracting the virus include both mild skin lesions and
a range of cancers, the most frequent of which are cervical cancer, penile cancer, oral cavity cancer, throat
cancer, and anal cancer, undoubtedly demonstrating its high oncogenic potential.
Aim of the study: The objective of this study is to determine the level of knowledge among men aged 18–26
years with regard to HPV prevention and treatment.
Materials and methods: An online survey was conducted using a questionnaire developed by the authors.
The questionnaire was comprised of 16 closed-ended questions and 5 questions pertaining to demographics.
Chi-squared tests or Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients were used for the statistical analysis.
Results: Only 27.5% of the respondents correctly answered a question regarding the number of types of the
virus, and 33% correctly determined the percentage of the cases where an active infection turns into a chronic
state. However, a high level of awareness of the routes of infection was demonstrated, with more than half
of the respondents (63%) answering this question correctly. Additionally, more than two-thirds (67.9%) of
the men indicated correctly that one of the factors facilitating infection is a young age at the time of the first
contact with the virus. Nearly all respondents (90%) indicated that using condoms is an effective form of
prevention.
Conclusions: The results expressly indicate an insufficient level of knowledge regarding HPV among young
men. Due to the high level of sexual activity in this age group, increased education with regard to the prevention
of sexually transmitted diseases is needed.
Beyond Subjectiviness: Assessing Abilities and Preferences to Create Software Development Teams
Authors: Alves Lucas , Ricardo Vinícius , Xavier Laerte
Published: September 2021

The creation of software development teams that are affected by performance issues is a problem frequently observed in companies in the software development market. This process is commonly done through subjective methodologies. Such methodologies can be influenced by interpersonal relationships and susceptible to human error. This paper proposes a quantitative and data-oriented alternative to the process of forming workgroups through the use of a genetic algorithm capable of optimizing collaborator’s abilities and preferences when executing a specific task within a project. As a result, we show that the use of such genetic algorithm is able to create teams similar to the teams assembled by the project managers of companies in the industry of software engineering. Therefore, the ability of genetic algorithm on supporting the process of develoment teams assembly becomes evident.
Managing Non-Sewered Sanitation for Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 in India
Authors: Dasgupta Shubhagato , Agarwal Neha
Published: September 2021

The challenge of ensuring clean water and safely managed sanitation towards meeting the Sustainable Development Goal 6 is made more complex by unplanned urbanisation in South Asia. Nearly 50% of all toilet-owning households globally and 83% in South Asia depend on non-networked sanitation, with a multi-step service chain comprising containment, collection, conveyance, and treatment of faecal waste. Over the last few years, South Asian governments have begun to eschew the long-enduring preference for centralised sewerage infrastructure in favour of better management of non-networked sanitation as part of city-level wastewater management systems. However, these interventions have largely excluded the household-level containment systems that hold the potential to create both adverse localised and diffuse public health and environmental outcomes if dysfunctional. The present Chapter discusses evidence from a multi-state household survey in India to assess the nature and quality of containment systems in use by urban Indian households. Secondly, it reviews approaches to their governance under more evolved paradigms to inform an ecosystem-wide strategy for managing these systems in India and countries with similar contexts.
Agency Theory and Internationalization: A Critical Assessment of Literature
Authors: Yadav Sandeep
Published: September 2021

This study consolidates the state of academic research using agency theory to explain the various phenomena’s in the multinational firm’s (MNCs) context. Based on the systematic review of the literature, the author finds that agency theory is used to examine the degree of internationalization, international diversification, born global internationalization, and governance issues in various modes of foreign entries. The author classifies the literature in three broad themes: corporate governance, firm ownership, and born global firms. Agency theory is also used to examine the impact of top management characteristics, board structure, ownership by domestic investors, foreign investors, business group firms, family ownership, and state ownership on the firm internationalization decisions. The study concludes with the research gaps and future research directions.
Recent Developments in Path Planning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Majeed Abdul , Oun Hwang Seong
Published: September 2021

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have demonstrated their effectiveness in performing diverse missions at significantly lower costs compared to the human beings. UAVs have the capabilities to reach and execute mission in those areas that are very difficult for humans to even reach such as forest, deserts, and mines. Integration of the latest technologies including reactive controls, sense and avoid, and onboard computations have strengthened their dominance further in various practical missions. Besides the innovative applications, the use of UAVs imposes several challenges, and one of those challenges is computing a low-cost path for aerial mission by avoiding obstacles as well as satisfying certain performance objectives (a.k.a path planning (PP)). To this end, this chapter provides a concise overview of various aspects concerning to PP including basics introduction of the subject matter, categorization of the PP approaches and problems, taxonomy of the essential components of the PP, performance objectives of the PP approaches, recent algorithms that have been proposed for PP in known and unknown environments, and future prospects of research in this area considering the emerging technologies. With this chapter, we aim to provide sufficient knowledge about one of the essential components of robotics technology (i.e., navigation) for researchers.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Children
Authors: Močnik Mirjam , Marčun Varda Nataša
Published: September 2021

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are still increasing in developed countries with emphasis on the obesity epidemic. Children and young adults are no exception. With modern lifestyle, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, kidney damage, are increasingly present in children leading to premature cardiovascular events in adult life. Cardiovascular risk factor can accelerate naturally progressing atherosclerosis, which should be prevented to facilitate quality and longevity of life. Primary and primordial prevention in the pediatric population are of utmost importance. However, if a cardiovascular risk factor is already present, frequent monitoring of possible development of other cardiovascular risk factors and evaluation of end organ damage should be implemented to intervene in time.
Undesirable Neighbours: Eucalyptus and Protected Areas
Authors: Daniela Manzano Guzmán Sandra , Augusto Drummond Jose , Gomes Barreto Cristiane
Published: September 2021

Eucalyptus is the common name of a set of exotic species present in the Brazilian territory. They have a strong invasive potential which is detrimental to the preservation of native floral formations, particularly in protected areas. This research seeks to (i) understand the stage of eucalyptus invasion in the Brasilia National Park; (ii) identify the main vectors of the invasive populations and (iii) verify the possible role of the adjoining Brasília National Forest in the invasion and (iv) consider possible conflicts between the roles of these two different categories of protected areas. A set of phytosociological sample areas were defined inside the park to pinpoint different eucalyptus populations. Findings indicate that eucalyptus populations inside the park behave invasively, having advanced 186.30 meters from their point of origin over the span of 45 years. Among the possible contamination vectors are a neighbouring nursery run by the local government and eucalyptus plantations in the adjoining Brasília National Forest. Results indicate the need for management actions to avoid continual seed dispersal by examined populations. They also indicate that the distinct conservation goals of national forests and national parks must be considered, especially when they are neighbours.
Gender Differences in Coping with Racism: African American Experience and Empowerment
Authors: Jacob Grace , T. Williams Monnica , S. Faber Naomi , Faber Sonya
Published: September 2021

Black men and women encounter multiple forms of racism in American society and require numerous strategies to manage the stress associated with these experiences. This chapter reviews the current state of the literature regarding Black people and how they cope with racism. Findings demonstrate that Black people tend to cope with racism through social support, religion, avoidance, and problem-focused coping, with some gender differences in coping approaches. We also contrast functional versus dysfunctional coping approaches and underscore the importance of empowerment to promote well-being and social change. Limitations of this review include the predominance of American-based samples used in the literature, which often excludes other Black ethnic and national groups. Further, the experiences of other Black intersectional identities are not well represented in the literature and require more study as their experiences of coping with racism may differ.
Prologue
Authors: Trotter Joe William
Published: September 2021

This history of the Urban League of Pittsburgh (ULP) examines the organization’s century of social service and activism in the Greater Pittsburgh metropolitan area. It complements existing studies of the Urban League movement and deepens our understanding of the Urban League as a national phenomenon. Most important, this book addresses the debate over the Urban League movement’s impact on the lives of poor and working-class blacks as they made the transition from farm to city. Some scholars and popular writers argue that the Urban League movement was largely a conservative force that rarely improved the lives of the black poor. Others defend the Urban League as a progressive interracial social movement that eased the painful impact of migration, labor exploitation, and poor living conditions on thousands of southern black newcomers to the city....
Surviving the Depression
Authors: Trotter Joe William
Published: September 2021

Under the impact of the Great Depression, the New Deal, and World War II, the Urban League's social service agenda moved increasingly from preoccupation with industrial employers toward work with a variety of state agencies charged with helping ordinary working people make ends meet during a moment of extraordinary economic suffering. Pittsburgh's shifting band of urban reformers joined and sometimes spearheaded broad-based community struggles to desegregate the city's social, civic, educational, medical, and economic institutions. By the end of World War II, the organization had increased its impact on social policy and social justice movements across regional and even national boundaries.
Conclusion
Authors: Ames Melissa
Published: September 2021

Considering the ways in recent television shows (e.g. 13 Reasons Why, Blackish, Grey's Anatomy, Roseanne) engaged with societal debates concerning gun control, immigration, police brutality, and more, the conclusion ends with some brief thoughts on how television (and other entertainment and communication platforms) act as storage houses and distribution mechanisms for personal and cultural sentiments. If the dominant affect of the 21st century continues to be fear, this text argues that it is more important than ever to understand and intervene in the ways in which it is circulated through media and technology.
Prologue
Authors: Atkins Joseph B.
Published: September 2021

The Prologue provides an overview of the book, beginning with the author's presence at the Harry Dean Stanton memorial service in Lexington, Kentucky, where actor Dennis Quaid and musician Jamie James sang songs in tribute and told stories of the actor. The Prologue retraces Harry Dean's childhood, military service, education, and long career as a character actor in supporting roles to the lead roles in Repo Man and Paris, Texas, both in 1984, that established him as one of Hollywood's finest actors. Here is also discussed Harry Dean's work as a musician and his status as a cult figure famous for his Sixties-era and Zen Buddhist-influenced musings about life.
“Riding a Stick of Dynamite”
Authors: Atkins Joseph B.
Published: September 2021

This chapter details Harry Dean's military service in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He was one of several actors who served in the South Pacific, including Lee Van Cleef, Lee Marvin, and Harry Dean's future acting teacher Jeff Corey. Following a description of life in Navy boot camp, the chapter discusses service on an LST (landing ship, tank), which Harry Dean described as "riding a stick of dynamite." He was ship's cook on the hardware-carrying USS LST-970, which saw service in the Battle of Okinawa -- the last major battle of the war -- and faced the death-defying missions of Japan's kamikaze pilots. The Navy lost more ships in this battle than at any other time in its history. "I was damn lucky I didn't get blown up or killed," Harry Dean said about the experience.
Early Days in Hollywood
Authors: Atkins Joseph B.
Published: September 2021

Harry Dean Stanton arrived in Hollywood with solid stage training and confidence he would be a star at a time of great change in the film industry with the challenges of television, lingering bitterness over the communist witch hunting of the U.S. House for Un-American Activities Committee, and the steady decline of the studio system. After a bit part in Alfred Hitchcock's The Wrong Man (1956), Harry Dean began to pick up more substantive roles on television and in Westerns like Tomahawk Trail (1957) and The Proud Rebel (1958) with Alan Ladd and Olivia de Havilland. He joined character actors Royal Dano, Jack Elam, and Dub Taylor to become one of the increasingly familiar faces on television's The Untouchables, Laramie, Gunsmoke, Rawhide, and Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theater. Some of his fellow actors in supporting roles, like Warren Oates and Lee Van Cleef, would go on to become stars. For Harry Dean, the road was much longer.
Zelig in La La Land
Authors: Atkins Joseph B.
Published: September 2021

Harry Dean Stanton's career expanded over the next decade with multiple appearances on television and in films such as director Monte Hellman's Ride in the Whirlwind in 1966 and a year later Cool Hand Luke, which fixed his face, if not his name, in many moviegoers' minds. Between roles he hung out with fellow actors such as Jack Nicholson and Warren Oates at Schwab's Pharmacy and Chez Paulette. He and Nicholson even became housemates for a while and took acting lessons from blacklisted actor/teacher Jeff Corey and actor Martin Landau, both influenced by the Stanislavski-inspired Method school of acting eschewed at the more traditional Pasadena Playhouse. Harry Dean and his pals discussed philosophy and Beat poetry and became part of the hip set in Laurel Canyon. Meanwhile, back home, Ersel moved to Florida with her new husband, Stanley McKnight. She and her actor son stayed in touch but often through horrific fights over the phone. Stanley died at 51 the same year Cool Hand Luke came out. Harry Dean's father never remarried, worked his barbershop, and lived in a room behind it.
Harry Dean and the New Hollywood
Authors: Atkins Joseph B.
Published: September 2021

This chapter begins with an interview with Monte Hellman, one of the seminal directors of the "New Hollywood" era of the 1960s and 1970s that followed the decline of the old studio system and ushered in a new spirit of independence, rebellion, and commitment to film as an art form. Harry Dean was in three Hellman films -- Ride
in the Whirlwind (1966), Two-Lane Blacktop (1971), and Cockfighter (1974). He would also appear in the films of several other leading New Hollywood directors such as Francis Ford Coppola, Sam Peckinpah, and John Milius. Harry Dean remained in the supporting cast while his good friend Jack Nicholson rose to stardom. However, a cult status began to grow around him, fueled by his work in films such as Peckinpah's Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid (1973) and Arthur Penn's The Missouri Breaks (1976), which starred his Mulholland Drive neighbors Nicholson and Marlon Brando.
To Paris, Texas, and Beyond
Authors: Atkins Joseph B.
Published: September 2021

This chapter looks at Harry Dean Stanton's greatest film from a wide range of aspects -- Ry Cooder's music, Robbie Müller's cinematography, Sam Shepard's writing, Wim Wenders' direction, and, of course, the acting, not only Harry Dean's but also that of Nastassja Kinski, Dean Stockwell, Aurore Clément, and Hunter Carson. It traces the genesis of the story that grew out of Shepard's imagination and Wenders' fascination with American iconography. Important, too, was Shepard's encounter with Harry Dean in a Santa Fe bar and subsequent casting of him for the role of Travis Henderson, the mysterious desert wanderer searching for some kind of redemption after abandoning his wife and son. Each of the key contributors to the film -- whether in music, scenery, or the story -- had his or her own journey that led to this very American film that is yet so imbued with European sensibilities. Shot in chronological order and thus with cast and crew shuffling back and forth between Texas and Los Angeles, Paris, Texas was a test for all involved, but it became the film that made Harry Dean most proud and the one that marked the peak of his career.
The Musician and Philosopher
Authors: Atkins Joseph B.
Published: September 2021

This chapter explores Harry Dean Stanton's music and philosophy of life, both very important in understanding him. Music had always been important, an inheritance from his family. His role as the guitar-playing Tramp in Cool Hand Luke (1967) introduced him to many moviegoers both as an actor and a musician. After decades on screen, he confessed to musician and close friend Jamie James that he had a dream of leading a band. He realized that dream in bands that performed everything from old standards to Mexican ballads at venues such as The Mint and The Troubadour. Sometimes both musician and philosopher were on stage, as when Harry Dean asked an incredulous James to stop playing and allow silence to work its magic. Harry Dean had early on rejected the Christian fundamentalism of rural Kentucky and turned toward the teachings of Zen Buddhism, ancient philosophers like Lao Tzu, and modern-day thinkers like Jiddu Krishnamurti, Alan Watts, and Eckhart Tolle. Alex Cox saw "utter mishmash" in Harry Dean's frequent philosophical musings, but others like Ed Begley Jr. said Harry Dean changed their lives by helping them focus more on the present than on the past or the future.
The He-Women Come
Authors: Goan Melanie Beals
Published: September 2021

This chapter discusses the earliest instances of women voting in the U. S., including Kentucky's 1838 school suffrage provision. It also traces the origins of the national woman's rights movement. It details sporadic attempts by Kentuckians to raise the issue in places like Glendale and Dayton, Kentucky. It paints a picture of the dire consequences opponents believed would follow if woman's rights activists had their way. Henry Watterson's Courier-Journal, a key opinion maker in the state, actively opposed woman suffrage.
Woman Triumphant
Authors: Goan Melanie Beals
Published: September 2021

This chapter discusses women's political awakening in the 1890s and their attempts to fight back against a permissive male sexual culture. It traces W. C. P. Breckinridge's sex scandal and women's subsequent attempts to defeat his bid for reelection. It also describes Lexington women's efforts to place a statue in the Courthouse celebrating women's values and African American women's efforts to defeat a separate coach law.
Luftwaffe Officer Training in the Interwar Period
Authors: Corum James S.
Published: September 2021

This chapter argues that while the l'École supérieure de guerre aérienne (ESGA) and the Centre des hautes études aériennes (CHEA) played important roles in the development of air doctrine and in the professional education of French airmen on strategic issues, overall these programmes touched only a small number of aviators, and their impact was too short-lived to have a real influence on the conduct of operations in 1940. Nonetheless, the chapter suggests that previous judgments about air power thinking in interwar France have been too harsh. The emphasis put on bombing operations in the curriculum at ESGA and CHEA goes against the idea that France was the least successful nation in the interwar years in translating its air power theories into a coherent doctrine, or that air doctrines were solely a product of the theories of army generals.
Air Force Education at the RCAF Staff College, 1945–1955
Authors: Goette Richard
Published: September 2021

Thanks to the Reichswehr's secret planning and preparation, a thoroughly well-prepared training and education system for the Luftwaffe was already functioning when Hitler came to power in 1933. During the next two years, through the visionary leadership of Walter Wever and the brilliant work of Hans-Jürgen Stumpf in recruiting the initial cadre of the Luftwaffe, the Luftwaffe created a cadre air force with good officer leadership. By 1935 the Luftwaffe, now an open force, was ready for a systematic and well-organized expansion program, and its officer education program quickly reached maturity with a range of basic courses for every officer, an intermediate officer course, and two complementary general staff courses. While the Luftwaffe had many serious weaknesses the interwar officer education system was not one of them.
Interests Aligned but Not Integrated
Authors: Coombs Howard G.
Published: September 2021

This chapter explores the inception of the USAF's two educational institutions: the Air University (AU), and the US Air Force Academy (USAFA). The chapter shows that the AU, building on the interwar experience of the ACTS (Air Corps Tactical School), was able as a graduate school to go beyond expectations by becoming a fertile hub for professional learning. Conversely USAFA by mirroring Army and Navy institutions, established an undergraduate school with a solid curriculum, if not innovative in its approach. Tied to the rise of an independent air force service, the establishment of AU and USAFA sponsored by important military figures such as Billy Mitchell and Dwight Eisenhower heralded the rise of airpower theory in the Cold War era.
Sailor
Authors: Schmitz David F.
Published: September 2021

Franklin Roosevelt found the traditional American foreign policy of reliance on the Monroe Doctrine, neutrality, and hemispheric defense inadequate, out-of-date, and dangerous. As a sailor, he successfully tacked and navigate in order to establish internationalism as the dominant paradigm of American foreign policy. Roosevelt's support of internationalism was based on his belief in American exceptionalism and conviction that the United States had to act as a world leader to secure peace and prosperity through collective security, and international cooperation through multilateral organizations. In the process, he developed the concept of national security that guided post-World War II American foreign policy.
Exceptionalism and Internationalism
Authors: Schmitz David F.
Published: September 2021

It was while serving as the undersecretary of the navy during World War I that Roosevelt fully developed his internationalist view of foreign policy. For FDR, internationalism meant preparedness, collective security, and cooperation with other nations as the best means to defend American interests and values. When the United States rejected the Treaty of Versailles, Roosevelt spent the 1920s seeking alternative means to implement his internationalist views.
Constructing an Internationalist Framework, 1933–1936
Authors: Schmitz David F.
Published: September 2021

Upon taking office, Roosevelt was unwilling to risk raising controversial foreign policy issues while implementing the New Deal. He supported the Stimson Doctrine of non-recognition of Japan's conquest of Manchuria, expanding trade to promote recovery, and implementing the Good Neighbor Policy toward Latin America. While the Good Neighbor Policy was designed to bring an end to American intervention in Latin America, Roosevelt cast the policy in global terms. He saw the Good Neighbor as a means to make concrete his internationalist vision for American foreign policy that could be applied elsewhere in the world.
Conclusion
Authors: Schmitz David F.
Published: September 2021

The crisis of the 1930s made changes in American foreign policy a necessity, and events demonstrated that Franklin Roosevelt made the correct decisions on the major issues to protect American interests and meet the challenges. For FDR, World War II was the second chance for the United States to create a lasting peace, one based on the Grand Alliance, collective security, and the United Nations. Beyond just the defeat of Germany and Japan, it was an opportunity to build a world order that would produce peace and prosperity through a cooperative, multilateral international system. This was Roosevelt's great legacy, to envision a different world than the one that proceeded the war and to begin to establish the values and institutions it would be built on. In doing so, he transformed American foreign policy. Roosevelt was the most important and most successful foreign policymaker in the nation's history.
Popular and Culture, World War Broadway, II
Authors: McLaughlin Robert L. , Parry Sally E.
Published: September 2021

This chapter looks at the operations of popular culture during the war, the rise of socially conscious theater in the 1930s, which established the aesthetic and ideological contexts in which theater about the war was produced, the economics and audiences for Broadway theater, and the cultural place of theater in American life in the 1930s and 1940s. The theater of the 1930s was unusually politically conscious, primarily due to the Great Depression, which engendered heightened awareness of class divisions and the distribution of wealth. This social consciousness led to the rise of theater groups like the Theater Guild, the Group Theater, and the Federal Theater Project, which often expressed anti-Nazi or antifascist views.
Overseas
Authors: McLaughlin Robert L. , Parry Sally E.
Published: September 2021

A major factor that affected most Americans' experience of the war is that it was always elsewhere. One role of U.S. popular culture during the war was to bring home aspects of the war, including the heroism, the suffering, the occupation, and resistance that were occurring in Britain, Europe, Africa, the Soviet Union, Asia, and the Pacific. The most successful overseas plays, such as The Wookey, The Moon Is Down, The Eve of St. Mark, and Flare Path, emphasize the element of democracy, manifested in the right to criticize authority and the right to make one's own decisions, to contrast the Allies' way of fighting the war with the fascist enemy's. They also emphasize that the individual's decision to sacrifice, fight, and die is most genuine and thus most valuable when it is motivated by some kind of personal connection.
The Home Front
Authors: McLaughlin Robert L. , Parry Sally E.
Published: September 2021

Wartime America underwent rapid transformation; men, women, and children saw their social roles redefined; and economic and racial divisions grew deeper and sharper edged. Theater was the perfect medium to represent home-front tensions and anxieties as they were manifested on the local level: the congenital civilian thrust into the military life as in Strip for Action and This Is the Army; the family pressured by rapid and dynamic social transformations as in Three's a Family, A New Life, and Men to the Sea; couples pressured by the carpe-diem spirit of the wartime romance as in On the Town and Those Endearing Young Charms; adolescents, often tempted into juvenile delinquency with the freedom of looser rules and mores as in Janie and Pick-Up Girl; men and women balancing patriotism and selfishness, as in The Voice of the Turtle and the shocking Tomorrow the World.
Conclusion
Authors: McLaughlin Robert L. , Parry Sally E.
Published: September 2021

Abstract and Keywords to be supplied.
3
Authors: Golden Eve
Published: September 2021

Jayne becomes an instant success with her role in Broadway's Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter?, and becomes the most publicized star in New York in 1955-56. She is talked-up as a successor to Marilyn Monroe (with whom Jayne attends a charity event). Jayne unleashes her publicity machine on New York.
4
Authors: Golden Eve
Published: September 2021

While on Broadway in early 1956, Jayne meets the love of her life, strongman Mickey Hargitay, then performing with Mae West. Jayne feuds with West, makes several TV appearances, and begins her career as a pet-collecting publicity magnet as she and Mickey embark on their romance.
5
Authors: Golden Eve
Published: September 2021

Jayne is signed by 20th Century-Fox, and she (with daughter Jayne Marie and Mickey) move to Hollywood in 1956. This chapter will discuss 20th Century-Fox, and the most popular blonde bombshells of the mid-1950s (Monroe, Kim Novak, the Gabors, Diana Dors, etc.)
9
Authors: Golden Eve
Published: September 2021

Jayne's career at Fox takes its first tumble with the dreadful film Kiss Them for Me (late 1957). She plays the violin and piano on Ed Sullivan's show, spars with Zsa Zsa Gabor, and she and Mickey (still unmarried) are trailed by the scandal-seeking Confidential magazine.
11
Authors: Golden Eve
Published: September 2021

Jayne and Mickey buy and begin building upon what will become their world-famous Pink Palace, the most famous movie-star home since Pickfair. They perform in Las Vegas, Jayne tours with Bob Hope's USO troupe. Jayne and Mickey marry on January 13, 1958.
17
Authors: Golden Eve
Published: September 2021

Jayne and Mickey make their third and last Las Vegas appearance in 1961 (released as a record, Jayne Mansfield Busts Up Las Vegas). The Pink Palace continues to mushroom, to the press's delight, and Jayne's efforts to earn money include charging $10,000 (plus merchandise) to open stores and shopping centers around the US. Jayne's many charity appearances and contributions will also be detailed in this chapter. Director George Cukor fires Jayne from two Fox A-films, The Chapman Report and Something's Got to Give (which became Marilyn Monroe's last, unfinished, film).
19
Authors: Golden Eve
Published: September 2021

Trouble in the Mansfield/Hargitay marriage. Jayne films Panic Button in Italy in 1962, and has an affair with show-biz hanger-on Enrico Bomba. 20th Century-Fox -- bankrupted by Elizabeth Taylor's Cleopatra -- fires Jayne in July 1962. The death of Marilyn Monroe that August changes the game for all blonde sex symbols.