bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Quality, Readability, and Accuracy of the Information on Google About Cannabis and Driving: Quantitative Content Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Josey Maria , Gaid Dina , Bishop Lisa D , Blackwood Michael , Najafizada Maisam , Donnan Jennifer R
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

The public perception of driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) is not consistent with current evidence. The internet is an influential source of information available for people to find information about cannabis.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to assess the quality, readability, and accuracy of the information about DUIC found on the internet using the Google Canada search engine.

METHODS

A quantitative content analysis of the top Google search web pages was conducted to analyze the information available to the public about DUIC. Google searches were performed using keywords, and the first 20 pages were selected. Web pages or web-based resources were eligible if they had text on cannabis and driving in English. We assessed (1) the quality of information using the Quality Evaluation Scoring Tool (QUEST) and the presence of the Health on the Net (HON) code; (2) the readability of information using the Gunning Fox Index (GFI), Flesch Reading Ease Scale (FRES), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) scores; and (3) the accuracy of information pertaining to the effects of cannabis consumption, prevalence of DUIC, DUIC effects on driving ability, risk of collision, and detection by law enforcement using an adapted version of the 5Cs website evaluation tool.

RESULTS

A total of 82 web pages were included in the data analysis. The average QUEST score was 17.4 (SD 5.6) out of 28. The average readability scores were 9.7 (SD 2.3) for FKGL, 11.4 (SD 2.9) for GFI, 12.2 (SD 1.9) for SMOG index, and 49.9 (SD 12.3) for FRES. The readability scores demonstrated that 8 (9.8%) to 16 (19.5%) web pages were considered readable by the public. The accuracy results showed that of the web pages that presented information on each key topic, 96% (22/23) of them were accurate about the effects of cannabis consumption; 97% (30/31) were accurate about the prevalence of DUIC; 92% (49/53) were accurate about the DUIC effects on driving ability; 80% (41/51) were accurate about the risk of collision; and 71% (35/49) were accurate about detection by law enforcement.

CONCLUSIONS

Health organizations should consider health literacy of the public when creating content to help prevent misinterpretation and perpetuate prevailing misperceptions surrounding DUIC. Delivering high quality, readable, and accurate information in a way that is comprehensible to the public is needed to support informed decision-making.
Combining Experience Sampling and Mobile Sensing for Digital Phenotyping With m-Path Sense: Performance Study (Preprint)
Authors: Niemeijer Koen , Mestdagh Merijn , Verdonck Stijn , Meers Kristof , Kuppens Peter
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

The experience sampling methodology (ESM) has long been considered as the gold standard for gathering data in everyday life. In contrast, current smartphone technology enables us to acquire data that are much richer, more continuous, and unobtrusive than is possible via ESM. Although data obtained from smartphones, known as mobile sensing, can provide useful information, its stand-alone usefulness is limited when not combined with other sources of information such as data from ESM studies. Currently, there are few mobile apps available that allow researchers to combine the simultaneous collection of ESM and mobile sensing data. Furthermore, such apps focus mostly on passive data collection with only limited functionality for ESM data collection.

OBJECTIVE

In this paper, we presented and evaluated the performance of m-Path Sense, a novel, full-fledged, and secure ESM platform with background mobile sensing capabilities.

METHODS

To create an app with both ESM and mobile sensing capabilities, we combined m-Path, a versatile and user-friendly platform for ESM, with the Copenhagen Research Platform Mobile Sensing framework, a reactive cross-platform framework for digital phenotyping. We also developed an R package, named mpathsenser, which extracts raw data to an SQLite database and allows the user to link and inspect data from both sources. We conducted a 3-week pilot study in which we delivered ESM questionnaires while collecting mobile sensing data to evaluate the app’s sampling reliability and perceived user experience. As m-Path is already widely used, the ease of use of the ESM system was not investigated.

RESULTS

Data from m-Path Sense were submitted by 104 participants, totaling 69.51 GB (430.43 GB after decompression) or approximately 37.50 files or 31.10 MB per participant per day. After binning accelerometer and gyroscope data to 1 value per second using summary statistics, the entire SQLite database contained 84,299,462 observations and was 18.30 GB in size. The reliability of sampling frequency in the pilot study was satisfactory for most sensors, based on the absolute number of collected observations. However, the relative coverage rate—the ratio between the actual and expected number of measurements—was below its target value. This could mostly be ascribed to gaps in the data caused by the operating system pushing away apps running in the background, which is a well-known issue in mobile sensing. Finally, some participants reported mild battery drain, which was not considered problematic for the assessed participants’ perceived user experience.

CONCLUSIONS

To better study behavior in everyday life, we developed m-Path Sense, a fusion of both m-Path for ESM and Copenhagen Research Platform Mobile Sensing. Although reliable passive data collection with mobile phones remains challenging, it is a promising approach toward digital phenotyping when combined with ESM.
Exploring the Efficacy of a Set of Smart Devices for Postural Awareness for Workers in an Industrial Context: Protocol for a Single-Subject Experimental Design (Preprint)
Authors: Lopes Mário , Lopes Susana , Monteiro Mariana , Rodrigues Mário , Fertuzinhos Aureliano , Coelho Augusto de Sousa , Matos Paulo , Borges Abílio , Leite Teófilo , Sampaio Cátia , Costa Rui , Alvarelhão José
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

In manufacturing industries, tasks requiring poor posture, high repetition, and long duration commonly induce fatigue and lead to an increased risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Smart devices assessing biomechanics and providing feedback to the worker for correction may be a successful way to increase postural awareness, reducing fatigue, and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. However, evidence in industrial settings is lacking.

OBJECTIVE

This study protocol aims to explore the efficacy of a set of smart devices to detect malposture and increase postural awareness, reducing fatigue, and musculoskeletal disorders.

METHODS

A longitudinal single-subject experimental design following the ABAB sequence will be developed in a manufacturing industry real context with 5 workers. A repetitive task of screw tightening of 5 screws in a standing position into a piece placed horizontally was selected. Workers will be assessed in 4 moments per shift (10 minutes after the beginning of the shift, 10 minutes before and after the break, and 10 minutes before the end of the shift) in 5 nonconsecutive days. The primary outcomes are fatigue, assessed by electromyography, and musculoskeletal symptoms assessed by the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes include perceived effort (Borg perceived exertion scale); range of motion of the main joints in the upper body, speed, acceleration, and deceleration assessed by motion analysis; risk stratification of range of motion; and cycle duration in minutes. Structured visual analysis techniques will be conducted to observe the effects of the intervention. Results for each variable of interest will be compared among the different time points of the work shift and longitudinally considering each assessment day as a time point.

RESULTS

Enrollment for the study will start in April 2023. Results are expected to be available still in the first semester of 2023. It is expected that the use of the smart system will reduce malposture, fatigue, and consequently, work-related musculoskeletal pain and disorders.

CONCLUSIONS

This proposed study will explore a strategy to increase postural awareness in industrial manufacturing workers who do repetitive tasks, using smart wearables that provide real-time feedback about biomechanics. Results would showcase a novel approach for improving self-awareness of risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders for these workers providing an evidence base support for the use of such devices.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/43637
An Intervention to Increase Condom Use Among Users of Sexually Transmitted Infection Self-sampling Websites (Wrapped): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Newby Katie , Kwah Kayleigh , Schumacher Lauren , Crutzen Rik , Bailey Julia V , Jackson Louise J , Bremner Stephen , Brown Katherine E
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Reducing the rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among young people is a public health priority. The best way to avoid STIs from penetrative sex is to use a condom, but young people report inconsistent use. A missed opportunity to intervene to increase condom use is when young people access self-sampling kits for STIs through the internet. The potential of this opportunity is enhanced by the increasing numbers of young people being tested through this route every year in England. Hence, in a cocreation by young people, stakeholders, and researchers, Wrapped was developed––a fully automated, multicomponent, and interactive digital behavior change intervention developed for users of STI self-sampling websites, who are aged 16-24 years.

OBJECTIVE

This paper is a protocol for a feasibility randomized controlled trial (fRCT). The fRCT seeks to establish whether it is feasible to run a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Wrapped. Wrapped aims to reduce the incidence of STIs through increasing correct and consistent use of condoms among users of STI self-sampling websites, who are aged 16-24 years.

METHODS

A 2-arm parallel-group randomized fRCT of Wrapped plus usual care, compared to usual care only (basic information on STIs and condom use), with a nested qualitative study. A minimum of 230 participants (aged 16-24 years) are recruited from an existing chlamydia self-sampling website. Participants are randomized into 1 of 2 parallel groups (1:1 allocation). Primary outcomes are the percentage of users recruited to the fRCT and the percentage of randomized participants who return a chlamydia self-sampling kit at month 12. Additionally, besides chlamydia positivity based on biological samples, surveys at baseline, month 3, month 6, and month 12, are used to assess condom use attitude, behavioral capability, self-efficacy, and intention, along with details of any partnered sexual activity and condom use, and health economic data. Nested qualitative interviews with trial participants are used to gain insight into the factors affecting recruitment and attrition.

RESULTS

Recruitment to the fRCT began in March 2021 and was completed in October 2021. Data collection was completed in December 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

This feasibility study will provide data to inform the design of a future-definitive trial. This work is timely given a rapid rise in the use of internet testing for STIs and the sustained high levels of STIs among young people.

CLINICALTRIAL

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN17478654; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17478654

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/43645
Pediatric COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Canada: An analysis of Tweets (Preprint)
Authors: Griffith Janessa , Monkman Helen , Marani Husayn
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

In July 2022, a COVID-19 vaccine was approved for use in Canada for children between the ages of 6 months to five years old. Although COVID-19 vaccine uptake has been strong in the adult population, only 6.5% of the youngest members of society have been vaccinated in Canada.

OBJECTIVE

This research aimed to determine the reasons behind why some parents and caregivers might feel hesitant towards vaccinating their young ones. Knowing the reasons why parents and caregivers might feel hesitant about vaccinating their child could help doctors communicate more effectively with their concerned patients or identify current misinformation needing to be dispelled by public health agencies.

METHODS

Researchers obtained data (i.e., Tweets) from Twitter the week following the Health Canada approval of a COVID-19 vaccine for young children. These Tweets were qualitatively analyzed for themes regarding vaccine hesitancy.

RESULTS

Of the 1,192 Tweets that were extracted and analyzed, 449 Tweets (38%) had expressions of vaccine hesitancy. Within those Tweets, the main themes were centred around: safety concerns, the belief that children are not impacted by COVID-19, political or economic concerns, and the belief that the vaccine is not effective.

CONCLUSIONS

Compared to similar research on vaccine hesitancy for adults, two additional themes were distinct when discussing the vaccine for children: children were not viewed as impacted by COVID-19 and the belief that the vaccine would not be effective.
Epic Snowmen, Expert Takes, and Audience Orientation: How Journalistic Roles are Performed in Canadian Media
Authors: Blanchett Nicole , Brin Colette , Vallender Cheryl , Rollwagen Heather , Owen Karen , Taylor Lisa , Nemat Allah Sama , McGloin Kelti
Published: October 2022

Exploring the differences between normative visions and actual practices (Mellado, 2020), through a content analysis of more than 3,700 news stories contextualized with surveys, and further unpacked by interviews with journalists, this article provides a comprehensive overview of journalistic role performance in Canada. Findings show few, yet distinct, differences between French and English media, and that Canadian journalists are often present in their stories; use high levels of infotainment; and demonstrate strong performance of both the civic and service roles compared to other countries, but perform far less of the watchdog role than journalists surveyed perceived.
Bonhommes de neige « épiques », sources expertes et rôles axés sur le public : Comment les rôles journalistiques se manifestent dans les médias canadiens
Authors: Blanchett Nicole , Brin Colette , Vallender Cheryl , Rollwagen Heather , Owen Karen , Taylor Lisa , Nemat Allah Sama , McGloin Kelti
Published: October 2022

En explorant les différences entre visions normatives et pratiques réelles (Mellado, 2020), grâce à une analyse de contenu de plus de 3700 articles d’actualité, contextualisée par une enquête auprès de journalistes canadiens et approfondie par des entretiens, cet article fournit un aperçu complet de la performance du rôle journalistique au Canada. Les résultats montrent des différences assez subtiles entre médias francophones et anglophones, une forte présence des journalistes canadiens dans leurs reportages, un niveau élevé du rôle d’infodivertissement. La production journalistique canadienne se démarque de celle des autres pays étudiés par l’importance des rôles civiques et de service; la place du rôle de chien de garde est toutefois moins grande dans les contenus que dans ce que rapportent les journalistes interrogés quant à leur conception personnelle du métier et leur perception de sa mise en oeuvre au sein de leur organisation.
Alignment of images and text in tourism logos: Influence on attitude toward tourist destinations
Authors: Chen Yang , Jiang Xueling , Wang Hong
Published: October 2022

Three experiments were conducted in China based on the theory of optimal viewing position effect. We designed 12 tourism brand logos with either the image on the left and the text on the right or the text on the left and the image on the right as stimuli. Participants were students
from a Chinese university ( = 120 per experiment), who completed the between-subjects design tests. Consumers had more positive attitudes toward tourist destinations when viewing a logo with the combined horizontal form of image left and text right. Information processing fluency mediated
this process. Furthermore, personal need for structure moderated the influence of the horizontal alignment of images and text in tourism logos on people's attitude toward tourist destinations. Our findings can improve tourists' perception of tourist destinations and assist the industry in
improving marketing strategies related to tourism logos.
Validation of the Mental Health Changes Indicators Scale against Rasch measurement theory
Authors: Zhao Jian , Lim Lyndon , Chapman Elaine , Houghton Stephen
Published: October 2022

The Mental Health Changes Indicators Scale (MHCIS) is a brief instrument designed to assess changes in an individual's mental health that occur in response to a specific life event. Although adequate psychometric properties have been demonstrated for this instrument based on classical
test theory, the MHCIS has not yet been validated against Rasch measurement theory (RMT). We applied RMT to examine the psychometric properties of the MHCIS using data from 807 Chinese university students. The nominated life event in this study was the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite modest violations
of unidimensionality and misfit to the Rasch model, in general, the results supported the validity of the 10-item MHCIS. We recommend further exploration of the generalizability of these results in other populations and across a range of potentially adverse life events.
Corporate social responsibility and Chinese employees' work engagement: Mediation through supervisor–subordinate guanxi
Authors: Li Hui , Pang Yu
Published: October 2022

Despite growing evidence to suggest that corporate social responsibility (CSR) is positively related to employees' work engagement, empirical support for this relationship has been limited, especially in the Chinese cultural context. In this study we examined the association between
CSR and employees' work engagement in China, and proposed guanxi (social interaction outside of work) of supervisor and subordinates as a mediator of this relationship. The sample consisted of 211 people employed in various industries who were concurrently studying for a Master of Business
Administration at a Chinese university. The results of structural equation modeling revealed there was a positive and significant relationship between participants' perceived CSR and their work engagement, and that supervisor–subordinate guanxi partially mediated this relationship. Our
findings indicate the importance of Chinese employees' perceived CSR and supervisor–subordinate guanxi for enhancing work engagement.
The urban form under patrimonialism: the limits of state action in the production of urban space in Brazil
Authors: Ferreira João Sette Whitaker
Published: October 2022

Urban public policies in Brazil are based on an exaggerated belief in the transformative potential of the state apparatus and urban planning. This is because the State model, which is used, is the model structured within the context of the regulated economies of the welfare state, where the production of urban space is the result of action by a strong State. The problem with this is that this model does not correspond to Brazilian sociability, nor to our urban form. It is therefore necessary to create a theory of the State for the urban, which is capable of covering the specificities of our patrimonialist society. Using the theory of State derivation, it may be inferred that the urban form derives from this specific sociability, defining a process that is not the social production of space, but a patrimonialist production of space, a pattern of domination through space that sustains the elite society.
PENGARUH KLON DAN SODIUM METABISULFIT TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MUTU TEKNIS KREP YANG DIHASILKAN
Authors: Hanifarianty Sherly , Vachlepi Afrizal , Purbaya Mili
Published: October 2022

Thin Pale Crepe (TPC) memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan dengan bahan berbasis karet, antara lain sebagai perekat, peralatan bedah dan farmasi, peralatan olahraga, pembuatan barang bayi, dan mainan. Produk tersebut dapat menjadi andalan produk Indonesia. Kayu karet dipakai untuk mengeringkan produk TPC dengan menghembuskan udara panasnya. Potensi kayu dari hutan alam semakin berkurang, kayu karet dapat dijadikan pengganti kayu hutan alam. Sumber alternatif lainnya untuk pengeringan TPC adalah sinar matahari yang didapat dimaksimalkan dalam proses pengeringannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap kegiatan penelitian, yaitu 1) produksi TPC menggunakan lateks dari berbagai klon; dan 2) produksi TPC menggunakan beberapa dosis aditif sodium metabisulfit dengan menggunakan berbagai sumber energi terbarukan (biomassa, bayu, dan surya). Berdasarkan SNI 1903-2000, TPC dapat dipenuhi dengan berbagai klon dan dosis sodium metabisulfit. Warna yang dihasilkan yaitu kuning cerah dengan klon BPM 24, PB 260, dan GT 1.
ANALISIS RISIKO DAN INEFISIENSI PADA PRODUKSI PERKEBUNAN KARET RAKYAT DI SUMATERA SELATAN: APLIKASI MODEL COBB-DOUGLAS
Authors: Syarifa Lina Fatayati
Published: October 2022

Di Indonesia, khususnya di Sumatera Selatan, produksi karet dicirikan oleh adanya risiko yang menyebabkan variabilitas dalam produksi karet. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengukur tingkat efisiensi perkebunan karet dalam mengestimasi kehilangan produksi akibat risiko produksi dan inefisiensi pada karet rakyat di Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian dengan metode survei dilaksanakan di Sumatera Selatan. Pada penelitian ini, pengambilan sampel sebanyak 380 petani dilakukan dengan metode acak sederhana bertingkat. Dengan menganalisis data cross-sectional, model parametrik Cobb-Douglas digunakan untuk mengestimasi tingkat efisiensi dan risiko produksi, serta menentukan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi inefisiensi secara simultan. Hasil analisis menggunakan model Cobb-Douglas dengan komponen risiko menunjukkan bahwa tingkat efisiensi teknis pada sampel perkebunan dalam penelitian ini mencapai 0,74, yang mengindikasikan bahwa produksi karet pada kebun dalam studi ini belum efisien. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa variabel pupuk berpengaruh nyata secara negatif pada tingkat kepercayaan 5% dalam hubungannya dengan model risiko produksi, yang artinya pupuk merupakan input yang dapat menurunkan risiko produksi. Sebaliknya, input tenaga kerja memberikan efek positif terhadap model risiko produksi, mengindikasikan bahwa tenaga kerja merupakan input yang dapat meningkatkan risiko produksi. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa variabel penyuluhan, pengalaman berkebun karet, sistem penyadapan dan bahan tanam klonal yang digunakan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam menurunkan inefisiensi pada produksi karet rakyat. Skor efisiensi teknis menunjukkan bahwa produksi karet rakyat masih dapat ditingkatkan sebesar 26%, dengan cara menurunkan efek risiko dan inefisiensi dalam proses produksi.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNICAL BASE OF GRAIN PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTHERN URALS (1920-2020)
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, TSENCH YULIYA , GODLEVSKAYA ELENA ,   Chelyabinsk State Industrial and Humanitarian College named after A.V. Yakovlev
Published: October 2022

The mechanization of growing agricultural production of the Southern Urals should be considered within the creation by the Soviet Union and Russia of conditions for the industrialization of agriculture. (Research purpose) The research purpose is analyzing the development of the technical base of grain production in the Southern Urals in 1920-2020. (Materials and methods) The grain section of agriculture in the Southern Urals at the beginning of the XX century had a brightly expressed character. The vast majority of the acreage in the Southern Urals was cultivated with a horse plow and a plough, and all grain was harvested with a sickle, scythe or horse equipment. The transition from horse-drawn plows to tractor-powered vehicles was slow. (Results and discussion) The article presents the analysis of the technical support of grain production in the Southern Urals. The interrelation of the stages of agricultural development of the Southern Urals with the process of mechanization of agricultural work in grain production was considered. The design and technological features of the operated equipment are described. The article also presents the transformation of tractors operated in the Southern Urals in the model range from their prototypes to modern models. The progress in the mechanization of grain production in the Southern Urals from quantitative indicators of their sufficiency to collective farms and state farms to qualitative indicators characterizing their productivity and efficiency. All tractors and combine harvesters currently supplied to agriculture are equipped with turbocharged diesel engines and electronic control, exhaust gas toxicity reduction systems. Tractors have transmissions with a robotic gearbox with uninterrupted power flow, which allows you to optimize the operating mode. (Conclusions) The information given in this article allows us to identify six stages of the development of the material and technical base of grain production in the Southern Urals.
STRUCTURE FORMATION IN HARD ALLOY AND STEEL JOINTS SOLDERED WITH IRON-CARBON SOLDER (ON THE EXAMPLE OF A HARD ALLOY TOOL)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, AGAFONOVA EKATERINA , KONOVODOV VITALIY
Published: October 2022

The operability of a soldered hard alloy tool is ensured by the strength and rigidity of the structural elements of the tool (hard alloy plate, solder joint and holder); the level and the distribution of the stress in the cutter elements; the absence of defects. The reason for the low reliability of the blade tools used, manufactured using traditional technologies, is the insufficient strength of the connection of the cutting plates with the tool body. This work is based on theoretical justifications and results of experimental processing of the soldering of hard alloy tools with iron-carbon solder. (Research purpose) The research purpose is establishing the regularities of the structure formation of hard alloy and steel compounds soldered with iron-carbon solder. (Materials and methods) The technological properties of iron-carbon solder were substantiated and the basic requirements that it should satisfy were described. The article presents common and specific methods of smelting and preparation of solder; microstructural studies of solder, hard alloy and solder joint; soldering of carbide tools with iron-carbon solder. (Results and discussion) The results of studies on the permissible heating rates, temperature, and holding time of hard alloy plates during soldering were presented. Metallographic analysis of the microstructure of the diffusion zones and solution-diffusion interaction of a hard alloy and an iron-carbon solder was performed, and the zones of diffusion interaction of steel and an iron-carbon solder were studied. (Conclusions) Based on the results of experimental studies of the structure formation of hard alloy and steel compounds in relation to the composition of iron-carbon solder, it was revealed that the proposed technological modes (heating rate for soldering, soldering temperature, holding time, solder seam thickness, cooling after soldering in air) ensure the formation of a given graphite-pearlite-cementite microstructure of the seam, which guarantees high strength and rigidity.
HFINZZ. DEVELOPMENT OF IMPORT-INDEPENDENT MECHANIZATION OF AGRICULTURE IN THE REPUBLIC IN TATARSTAN
Authors:   Kazan State Agrarian University, MAZITOV NAZIB , SAKHAPOV RUSTEM , KHOMENKO VADIM ,   Kazan State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, SHARAFIYEV LENAR ,   Tatarstan Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2022

Based on the researches, testing and implementation of modular-block cultivators, it was proposed to restore the agricultural machinery industry in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tatarstan for the development and production of field functional machines that are competitive on the world market. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing import-substituting equipment to eliminate food dependence, restore environmental balance, and guarantee healthy life support. (Materials and methods) The article presents the conditions for the import substitution of food and machinery: impeccable ecological quality without GMOs and chemicals; low cost with high profitability; guaranteed mass production, eliminating the need for imports, ensuring export; maximum introduction of organic farming, limiting the use of chemicals up to exclusion. The article proposes a methodology for implementing import-advanced technology. The technology of tillage and sowing has been developed with the possibility of application both in conditions of acute drought and waterlogging. (Results and discussion) Long-term laboratory, field, production and state tests of block-modular cultivators have shown high results in increasing crop yields and significantly reducing energy consumption for their cultivation. Authors created a frame structure consisting of sections-modules. The complexes of tillage and sowing equipment of Yaroslavl and Chelyabinsk productions based on light, high-energy, high-performance Belarusian tractors, replacing super-heavy imported tractors weighing up to 35 tons are described. (Conclusions) The domestic equipment created recently has officially confirmed high multiple operational advantages over the best foreign analogues: in terms of productivity up to 2 times (in all technologies up to 10.8 times), in terms of metal consumption up to 3-4 times, in terms of resource saving up to 4-5 times, in terms of price up to 7 times, in terms of yield and profitability up to 2 times in the production of up to 85 percent of baking organic wheat of third class and excluding the death of bees on rapeseed crops.
HGZGKO. MODERN TRENDS IN IMPROVING THE ENGINEERING SERVICE OF AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, KATAEV YURIY , GERASIMOV VALERIY , TISHANINOV IGOR' , MORDASOVA MARGARITA
Published: October 2022

Agricultural production in Russia is trying to solve one of the most important national problem: ensuring food security and import substitution. The conducted research and scientific developments of FNAC VIM justified the need to modernize the engineering service of the agro-industrial complex. (Research purpose) The research purpose is analyzing the state of the repair and maintenance base of the agro-industrial complex, giving recommendations on the strategy of modernization of this base, taking into account the real capabilities of repair and specialized enterprises at the regional and federal levels. (Materials and methods) The engineering and technical service refers to the segment of the agro-industrial complex. The production facilities of the engineering and technical service should be located directly at agricultural enterprises, serve as an integral part of their infrastructure and form a repair and maintenance base. (Results and discussion) The conducted studies have shown that more than 35 percent of previously certified enterprises have been eliminated over the specified period of time because of unprofitability. In recent years, the number of repair enterprises have a pronounced tendency to reduce. The situation in the agro-industrial complex with maintenance and repair in recent years continues to deteriorate sharply. (Conclusions) The current state of the engineering service requires taking drastic measures to improve it, taking into account modern progressive technologies. The paper presented separate recommendations for improving the repair and maintenance base of the agro-industrial complex, concerning almost all maintenance and repair cycles, including disposal. The main task is to optimize the maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery in real conditions in which all participants of agricultural production work.
JQCZAG. RESOURCE-SAVING SYSTEM OF MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF MACHINES
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, KATAEV YURIY , MALYKHA EKATERINA ,   Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow State Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev
Published: October 2022

The article presents the results of research on the maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery, as well as strategies for maintaining it in working condition. The system of technical support and repair of machinery in agriculture is maximally focused on the strategy of performing repair and maintenance actions with periodic or continuous monitoring. (Research purpose) The research purpose is studying the possibility of using a new resource-saving tolerance system for machine parts in the existing maintenance and repair system. (Materials and methods) The assessment of the technical condition of individual units and (or) tractor systems with the use of built-in and portable devices and the determination of their residual life make it possible to predict a repair time and prepare the workplace, spare parts, replacement units, aggregates in a timely manner. The technical and economic condition of the agro-industrial complex is mainly determined by two factors: providing agricultural producers with a regulatory need for agricultural machinery, its reliable maintenance and repair using modern technologies, including the use of a system for assessing the operational properties of the main indicators of machine reliability. (Results and discussion) The article presents the issues of import substitution of repair and technological equipment during the repair and maintenance of agricultural machinery. Authors have developed promising directions for the strategy for the maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery. The repair technologies and reliability indicators of agricultural machines were described. (Conclusions) As a result of the conducted research, the article presents the methods of improving the system of technical service of agricultural machinery, recommendations for their improvement and modernization. We have developed a maintenance and repair strategy based on minimizing the residual life of machine parts.
AN ALGORITHM FOR CONTROLLING THE FILLING OF POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES BY OIL TO A GIVEN LEVEL
Authors:   Irkutsk State Transport University, BYCHKOVSKIY VLADIMIR , LIVSHITS ALEKSANDR
Published: October 2022

To ensure high productivity while minimizing human impact and improve the quality of friction units of machines and equipment used in the agricultural and industrial complex, an algorithm for controlling the technological process of oil filling of polymer and composite materials to a given level of filler penetration has been developed. The implementation of this process has become possible thanks to the automated process of studying the oil filling of polymers and composites. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing an algorithm for controlling the technological process of oil filling of polymers and composites with an oil filler based on M8-B engine oil and hexane. (Materials and methods) A previously developed database on the penetration rate of oil filler has been taken as the basis. The article presents the installation of electrothermal oil filling. The practical implementation of the installation for electrothermal oil filling was carried out according to these schemes: the control unit, the electrode bath, and the modified industrial installation UZP 2500 were prepared for the experiments. The algorithm of a complex automated control system for the technological process of electrothermal oil filling of polymer and composite materials has been developed and described. (Results and discussion) The developed technology allows filling polymers and composites to a given level, knowing the control parameters of the process (speed and depth of penetration). (Conclusions) According to the compiled algorithm for controlling the technological process of oil filling of polymers and composites, it will be possible to increase the performance characteristics of parts used in the agricultural industry with an increase in productivity for their modernization due to this process, which leads to minimizing labour.
Pattern of Skin Diseases in Al Baha Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: MD Azza S. Zahrani , MD Abdullah M Adnan , MD Asma G Sadeq , MD Nesreen Al Umair
Published: October 2022

With regard to dermatological diseases, knowledge of the prevalence of diseases would provide the dermatologist with sufficient background information to make an accurate diagnosis.The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of dermatological diseases in Al-Baha region, and compare this to that reported in other regions of Saudi Arabia. The study included all new cases of skin diseases that were seen at the dermatology outpatient clinic in King Fahad Hospital, Al Baha, from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016. Data were collected from the patients’ medical records, and the diagnosis was made by either a dermatology consultant or specialist according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). A total of 3153 patients were included in this study, and the dermatological diseases were categorized into ten groups. Eczema had the highest prevalence (24.33%), followed by acne (17.36%), viral infections (11.1%), pigmentary disorders (7.04%), papulosquamous diseases (5.7%), fungal infections (5.28%), alopecia and urticaria (equally prevalent, 5.18%), and parasitic infection (1.37%). The remaining 619 patients (19.6%) had a dermatological diagnosis that fell into the ‘miscellaneous’ category. The results of this study were comparable to those of similar studies performed in other regions in Saudi Arabia. Eczema was the most frequent dermatological disease in Al- Baha.
Surgical Management of Pediatric Cleft Lip and Palate - Review Article
Authors: Siddik Noorsaeed Ashwag , Mohammed A Alkhudhayri Rawabi , Mohammed Alzogibi Alanood , Saad S Almutairi Huriyah , Mohammed B Barnawi Amjad , Tariq M Tallab Reham , Abdulmajeed M Alghadeer Mohammed , Hassan A Alzahrani Mohammed , Abdullatif S Al Naeem Tariq , Faisal Fahad N Almajhdi
Published: October 2022

The most prevalent serial congenital defects affecting the orofacial region are cleft lip and palate. It can happen alone, in various combinations, and/or in tandem with other congenital malformations, most notably congenital cardiac conditions. They are also associated features in over 300 recognized syndromes. To attain functional and aesthetic well-being, patients with orofacial cleft deformities must receive treatment at the appropriate time and at the appropriate age. Coordinated treatment from a variety of specialities, including oral and maxillofacial surgery, otolaryngology, genetics/dysmorphology, speech/language pathology, orthodontics, prosthodontics, and others, is necessary for the successful management of a child born with a cleft lip and palate. The purpose of this article is to review what is known about cleft lip and palate among general practitioners. The current study aims to summarize and update current evidences regarding surgical management of cleft lip and palate in pediatrics. The objective is to identify clinical judgments about cleft treatment that are supported by randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and to educate parents and future mothers and fathers how to prevent the occurrence of CLP in the first place. Introduction, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, etiologic factors, and management of cleft lip and palate have all been covered in a review of the literature.
THE CRIMEAN WAR AS A CONFLICT OF CIVILIZATIONS: THE FOCUS OF CRIMEA IN THE CIVILIZATION AND VALUE DIMENSION OF RUSSIAN HISTORY
Authors:   Moscow State Regional University, BAGDASARYAN V.E.
Published: October 2022

This article aims to consider the history of Crimea from the perspective of the civilizational dimension of the world and Russian historical process. The special role of the Crimean peninsula as a special intercivilizational buffer is indicated. It determines a special paradigm of relations. Using Crimea as an example, the article reveals a special phenomenon of the «war of civilizations» with their illustration in the history of Russia. The Crimean War is considered as a direct example of the clash of civilization. The cognitive potentials of rethinking the Crimean War as a civilizational conflict are given. It is stressed that the Russian civilization opposed the civilizations of Europe and the Ottoman Empire. Finally it is em-phasised that the applied methodology allows to revise a number of historiographic and discursive stereotypes and myths of public consciousness that have developed in relation to the Crimean War. The special civilization-forming axial significance of Crimea for the civilizational history of Russia is shown.
PERSIA IN THE LAST THIRD OF THE XIX - BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS WITH NEIGHBORING STATES
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, NAUMOVA N.A.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between Persia and neighbouring states in the last third of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Reliable sources such as materials of the journal «Niva» from 1874, Military-statistical collections from 1868-1900, materials of collections of geographical, topographic and statistical materials on Asia from 1895, notes of diplomats, etc. are used. The article investigates the mechanism and nature of these relationships in the context of Afghan-Persian relations, disputes between Persia and Baluchistan, Russian-Persian contradictions. Research methods such as the microhistorical approach and the method of com-parative studies are used. It is stressed that these methods point to the distinctive nuances in historical processes. It should be noted that the formation of the image of Persia in the eyes of Russians takes place in the materials discussed in the paper. The analysis of the Persian policy in regard to the Russian market in the Trans-Caspian region is presented. Much attention is given to the "water problem" in the border areas. In conclusion, the author focuses on the fact that the image of Persia in the eyes of Russians turned out to be objective and with the identification of problems of international cooperation.
SPECIFICITIES OF SPERANSKY'S LEGISLATIVE TRANSFORMATIONS AND THEIR COMPAR-ISON WITH THE RUSSIAN REALITY
Authors:   Oryol State University named after I.S. Turgeneva, AGAEVA A.V. , OLOVYANNIKOVA A.S. ,   Oryol State University named after I.S. Turgeneva
Published: October 2022

This article discusses the project of reforming the state system, developed by M.M. Speransky in 1809. In the course of the study, the reform of the legislative power and it’s grounds were particular emphasis, the role and structure of the legislative estate in legislative process, the system of the main normative legal acts of imperial Russia according to M. M. Speransky are analyzed, and progressive proposals on the organization of the legislative process developed by M. M. Speransky at the beginning of the XX century and the Russian legislative reality are compared. During the analysis of historical documents and the modern Russian legislative system, the article identifies the specificities of continuity in the field of legislative process and the organization of legislative power, as well as changes that inevitably affected legislative process and legislative power over time.
THE FATE OF THE PEOPLE'S REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FIRST STATE DUMA
Authors:   Central Russian Institute of Management, branch of RANHIGS, ISAEV A.V. , MATVIENKO V.A. ,   Yelets State University
Published: October 2022

The purpose of the article is to consider the attitude of the official authorities and the masses to the deputy corps after the dissolution of the first State Duma. The authors analyze the facts of political repression, as well as the differentiated attitude of the population towards their chosen ones. It is emphasized that the active deputy activity caused a certain government reaction with the use of various administrative and political forces and means. In turn, unjustified high expectations from the people's institution were objectified in cruelty and aggression towards former people's representatives. On the other hand, the deputies who justified the confidence of the voters found protection in their electoral environment. The authors draw conclusions that the indicated political turbulence brought drama to the formation of both group socio-cultural and political identity and personal destinies.
THE WORLD COUNCIL OF CHURCHES (WCC) AND ITS ORTHODOX MEMBERS’ REACTION TO THE PROBLEM OF THE VIETNAM WAR (ACCORDING TO THE DOCUMENTS OF THE WCC)
Authors:   Moscow Theological Academy, PISMENIUK I.N. , KECHKIN I. E. ,   Moscow Theological Academy
Published: October 2022

This study investigates the problem of the Vietnam War. In March 1965, a full-scale interference of the United States (The US) in the military conflict in Vietnam began. It is stressed that the whole world was aghast at the tragedy that took place in Vietnam. It caused numerous discussions not only through the intergovernmental dialogue, but also within religious and interreligious communities. The authors draw attention to the fact that one of the most prominent inter-Christian organizations in the 1960s was the World Council of Churches (WCC), which actually directed the ecumeni-cal movement. At the WCC meetings in 1965-1975, the Vietnam War became one of the most sensitive matters. The latter was also complicated by the fact that the WCC member churches geographically belonged to opposite sides of the ideological confrontation. The Orthodox WCC members also took notice of the mentioned issue. It is especially noted that the Russian Orthodox Church showed the greatest interest in Vietnamese matters, consistently criticizing the role and military intervention of the United States in the conflict and largely shaping the World Council of Churches opinion on the Vietnamese question. A mention should be made that the research was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of scientific project №21-011-44111; Acknowledgments: The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 21-011-44111.
PROTECTION OF EMPEROR ALEXANDER III DURING HIS TRAIN TRIPS
Authors:   Academy of the Federal Security Guard Service, GREBENKIN A.N. , LARIN A.A. ,   Central Russian Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this article is a comprehensive scientific analysis of the system of protection of railway trips of Emperor Alexander III. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a comprehensive description of the initial stage of the development of transport security measures associated with the protection of top officials of the state. In addition, its results can be used in the study of the creation of a safety system for railway transport. The work is based on unpublished materials from the collections of the Russian State Historical Archive and the State Archive of the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the need to create a reliable system of protection of the emperor during railway trips was due to the fact that revolutionary organizations since the 1870s from time to time attempted to undermine the tsar's train. The paper focuses on the fact that purely technical issues were complicated by bureaucratic and political factors.