bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the activities of the agricultural credit corporations as a development institution
Authors: Zhunusova R. M. , Ahmetova D. T.
Published: April 2023

In the article, based on the public reporting materials of JSC «Agrarian Credit Corporation» for the period from 2017 to 2021, its activities as a development institution that finances agricultural entities are analyzed. A sufficiently detailed assessment of the financial condition of the Corporation itself was carried out. Financial and operational indicators are studied in dynamics, changes in the assets, liabilities and capital of the corporation, as well as the final financial results of the Corporation’s activities are shown. The changes in income and expenses of the corporation were studied and assessed, which made it possible to substantiate the level of efficiency of its activities. As a result, the indicators of the effectiveness of the use of assets ROA and the indicator of the efficiency of the use of equity ROE were calculated, which are characterized by high values. It was noted that in order to expand the coverage of agribusiness entities with credit funds, the Agrarian Credit Corporation uses various financial instruments: direct lending and funding of financial institutions. The volumes of borrowings are considered in dynamics and their importance in increasing the amount of financing of agricultural producers in the industry is shown. Such borrowing made it possible to identify the main creditor of the Corporation, which annually provides loans for lending to spring field and harvesting work through the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan and loans from other financial institutions for subsequent lending to agribusiness entities. This indicates that this corporation will continue to act as the main financial institution for the development of agriculture.
ESG rating assessment of the banking sector
Authors: Abdurrahman Z. A. , Nurmagambetova A. Z. , Bikteubayeva A. S.
Published: April 2023

Recently, ESG ratings have become increasingly relevant. They are one of the indicators that allow you to track how much the company pays attention to environmental, social and managerial factors in its activities and what risks it carries. Since ESG presupposes environmental, social, governance, that is, the environmental environment, social policy and management, these components relate to the activities of each economic entity and should be regarded as fundamental in assessing the effectiveness of their activities and the results of their policies. Many people mistakenly believe that ESG factors and their implementation concern only companies in various sectors of the economy engaged in the use of resources and production. However, in reality, these criteria should be implemented for the purpose of sustainable development by all economic entities, including financial institutions and, first of all, banks. In relation to borrowers, banks can use ESG ratings as an additional analysis of the client’s creditworthiness. Thanks to these ratings, banks contribute to strengthening business protection of the environment. If a company actively pollutes the air or throws out waste, does not comply with social and corporate norms and its ESG rating is low, it will be more difficult for it to get a loan from a bank. Similarly, banks that finance the activities of companies with a low ESG rating run the risk of getting the same low ESG rating themselves, which is fraught with undermining the bank’s image and reputation, followed by an outflow of deposits and an increase in the risk of bankruptcy. The article evaluates the ESG rating by various methods and concludes that it is necessary to standardize indicators and universalize ESG rating indicators.
Role of civil servants in the process of forming the image of the state apparatus
Authors: Ayubayeva S. S. , Kussainova L. I. , Tynyshbayeva A. A.
Published: April 2023

Civil servants are the main social link of public administration, fulfilling the regulatory requirements of the department, which should be based on the will of the country’s top leadership, the interests and needs of the population. The activities of civil servants are also included in the regulation of public life, in this regard, the performance of public duties imposes strict requirements on each civil servant, which must be fulfilled to ensure the good reputation of the entire public administration. This article describes the basic approaches to understanding the phenomenon of “organizational reputation”. The article also discusses the main factors affecting the reputation of civil servants. The purpose of the article is to determine the role of civil servants in the formation of the organizational reputation of the state apparatus. The current reputation of the state apparatus and civil servants of the Republic of Kazakhstan was determined by the method of a sociological survey. The conducted sociological research revealed the influence of the reputation of civil servants on the reputation of the entire state apparatus. The formation of a positive reputation of the state apparatus through the maintenance of the reputation of civil servants is an integral part of the development of the state apparatus, since a positive reputation is evidence that an organization has unique qualities and abilities that allow it to successfully conduct its activities.
GRANULOMA PIOGENIKUM PADA WAJAH
Authors: Christian Cindy , Salim Ruth Brigitta , Ongko Felix , Jeser Tamia Asri , Zahrani Fairin , Santoso Irene Dorthy , Sugiharto Sony
Published: April 2023

Granuloma piogenikum (GP) atau lobular capillary hemangioma adalah lesi proliferatif jinak pada pembuluh darah kulit dan mukosa yang biasanya muncul sebagai lesi soliter, sessile, atau bertangkai dengan permukaan yang rentan terhadap perdarahan, ulserasi, serta pengerasan kulit (crusting), dimana penyakit ini dapat menimbulkan kecacatan dalam segi kosmetik. Pencetus tersering GP antara lain trauma ringan terus menerus, iritasi kronis, higienitas yang rendah, kelainan hormonal, kehamilan, infeksi, dan obat-obatan seperti  retinoid sistemik maupun topikal (isotretinoin dan acitretin), antiretroviral (indinavir), antineoplastik (5-fluorouracil), dan agen imunosupresi (etanercept). Tumor ini sering timbul sebagai lesi soliter ataupun lesi multipel. Terapi GP bervariasi, mulai dari topikal menggunakan krim imiquimod maupun tindakan berupa bedah eksisi, bedah listrik (electrocauter), cryotherapy, sclerotherapy, kuret, hingga laser Nd:YAG (Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet). Pada laporan kasus ini, kami melaporkan GP yang ditemukan pada perempuan berusia 47 tahun dengan benjolan di pipi kiri sejak satu bulan lalu. Pada pemeriksaan didapatkan papul  bertangkai eritematosa soliter berukuran 1 cm x 0,5 cm x 0,8 cm. Lesi dilakukan tindakan shave eksisi biopsi dan dilanjutkan pemeriksaan patologi anatomi (PA). Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan PA menunjukkan jaringan berbentuk polipoid dilapisi epitel berlapis gepeng atrofik pada bagian atas, disertai proliferasi kapiler-kapiler darah berbentuk lobular dengan “feeding artery”.
PROPOSAL OF DEMONSTRATION OF THE GOLDBACH’S CONJECTURE
Authors:   ..., Aumeunier Ŕemy
Published: April 2023

The Goldbach’s conjecture is the unproven mathematic assertion which states : All whole even number greater than 2 can be written as the sums of two prime numbers. It was formulated in 1742 by Christian Goldbach, it is one of the oldest unsolved problem of the theorie of number and mathematics.
Design of "Reog Ponorogo" Game Character Assets to Introduce Indonesian Folklore
Authors:   Faculty of Fine Arts and Designs, Universitas Sebelas Maret UNS Indonesia, Munib Jazuli Abdin , Mahardika Devanda Febrian
Published: April 2023

This research is entitled "Designing Character Assets with RPG Style based on Reog Ponorogo Folklore". And main problem are development of technology will be affects the interest of millennials in preserving Indonesian culture. Becomes an important point of problems in this work are (1) How to concept the de-sign of character assets in RPG style based on Reog Ponorogo folklore that are unique and interactive? (2) How to visualize the design of character assets adapted from Reog Ponorogo folklore figures to be attractive for the target audiences? The purpose of this work is to create an interactive media to reintroduce the local culture, especially Reog Ponorogo.
Determinant Analysis on the Female Labor Force Participation Rate in Eastern Indonesia: The Case of Central Sulawesi Province Between 2016-2021
Authors:   Department of Economics and Development Studies Tadulako University, Palu, Central Sulawesi/Indonesia., Djirimu MA , Yohan Yohan ,   Department of Economics and Development Studies Tadulako University, Palu, Central Sulawesi/Indonesia., Poodo Fitriani S. ,   Department of Economics and Development Studies Tadulako University, Palu, Central Sulawesi/Indonesia., Tombolotutu AD ,   Panca Bhakti Palu High School of Economics, Palu, Central Sulawesi/Indonesia, Paskual Meity Ferdiana ,   Department of Economics and Development Studies Tadulako University, Palu, Central Sulawesi/Indonesia.
Published: April 2023

This research aims to (1) examine the impact of the number of females aged 15 years and over (JWU), the provincial minimum wage (UMP), the average length of schooling (RLS), and economic growth (PE) on the labor force participation rate (LFPR) in Central Sulawesi Province from 2016-2021 and (2) determine the partial influence of JWU, UMP, RLS, and PE on the LFPR. Secondary data from the publications of Central Agency of Statistic, the Department of Manpower, and Transmigration are utilized to analyze the data. Additionally, the panel data regression analysis with the fixed effect model (FEM) was applied to enhance the results. The results showed that the number of females aged 15 years and over has a significant impact on the LFPR in Central Sulawesi Province Eastern Indonesia, with a probability of 0.0000. Meanwhile, the provincial minimum wage, average length of schooling, and economic growth have no significant impact, with probabilities of 0.1630, 0.7360, and 0.6769, respectively. This suggests that these three variables have no effect on the female LFPR in Central Sulawesi Province Eastern Indonesia.
IN VITRO ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA (NEEM) AND MELIA AZEDARACH (BAKAIN) ESSENTIAL OILS AND THEIR SILVER NANOPARTICLES AGAINST HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS
Authors: Batool Sidra
Published: April 2023

Synthetic drugs are mostly used for the control and prevention of parasitic ailments in ruminants. However, the resource-poor people of developing countries use herbal medicines to treat their animals. Ethnoveterinary medicine along with its huge beneficial effects also prevents the emergence of drug resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to validate the efficacy of these medicinal plants scientifically for their future use to control endoparasitic infections. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the in vitrobanthelmintic effects of two indigenous plant extracts namely Azadirachta (A.) indica and Melia (M.) azedarach. The essential oils (EOs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of these two plants were obtained from their seeds and leaves by hydro-distillation and centrifugation techniques. Their effects were studied by performing the egg hatch assay (EHA) and adult motility assay (AMA) against Haemonchus contortus. The results of their efficacy were analyzed using Probit analysis. In our study, EO and NP of M. azedarachbresulted in a 50% reduction of egg hatching in EHA at 0.209 and 0.204µL/L, and for A. indica at 0.456 and 0.184µL/L respectively. Essential oils and AgNPs of A. indica and M. azedarach were found to be effective in AMA at 0.036, 0.362, 0.305, and 0.032µL/L respectively. Further studies are still required to know more about their effectiveness against different parasitic stages.
AGING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON THE CORRELATION BETWEEN GERIATRIC DISEASES AND PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Okebugwu Precious N.
Published: April 2023

Prostate malignancy is a frequent carcinoma and is the 2nd common in adult males accounting for about 3.8% of all cancer mortality in men in 2018; this has been linked to older men around 70 years old (≥70). About 2,293,818 new diagnoses are anticipated by 2040, considering the disparity in Social, environmental, and genetic factors, which also has a significant role in this disease. Geriatric syndromes are clinical state and are mostly common in elderly people, especially frail older adults; these conditions are not always associated with a certain underlying disease. The study aims to give a brief review of Prostatic Carcinoma, Geriatric diseases and also discuss the correlation between aging and prostate malignancy. As obtained from different studies, malignancy is primarily a disease of older adults, with patients over 65 accounting for most cancer diagnoses and deaths. The elongation of life is a significant challenge related to more medical conditions, and due to an increase in lifespan, the figure of elderly patients with prostate malignancy will increase. It was concluded that as we emerge from the baby boomer generation, the figure of elderly males with prostate malignancy will keep increasing. However, comprehensive geriatric evaluation and pertinent disease staging at diagnosis will aid adequately manage these patients. This method will assist us in recommending the best course of action, focusing on maintaining the quality of life.
Fiscal Policy Option for Abatement of Free Rider Society: The Role of Institutional Quality in Nigeria
Authors:   Garden City Premier Business School, Herbert Macaulay Street, Old G.R.A, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, Orji Jonah O , Charles Silva Opuala ,   Garden City Premier Business School, Herbert Macaulay Street, Old G.R.A, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Published: April 2023

The government revenue downward trend across the globe has a serious implication on provision of public good. And the consequences of free riding manifested by tax evasion impedes social progress. In this study, we examined the Fiscal Policy Option for Abatement of Free Rider Society: The Role of Institutional Quality with special focus on Nigerian economy. We deployed Quantile Regression Technique to assess the median impact of free-riding using government expenditure on economic and social services; comprised of: defense, health, road and construction, and education. Our finding shows that expenditure on defense reduces free riding when strategically managed but encourages free riding in the long run. Same result is shown with the government expenditure on health. Whereas, expenditure on education as well as road and construction discourages free riding. Also, the moderating role of institutional quality specifically, control of corruption decreases free riding and improve tax revenue generation. Growth of free riders in any society which comes in the form of tax evasion is effectively controlled by expenditure techniques of government guided by quality of institutions. The study recommended that: A special purpose vehicle from Federal Inland Revenue Service should be created as a ‘fiscal control unit’, to monitor electronic cash registers to be connected in hospitals, public schools and social services related departments in order to curb tax leakages due to free riders. Also, government should strengthen the campaign in favour of control of corruption as well as building strong institutions; rather than building strong private individuals who posed as sacred cow in punishment for tax evasion.
Pengaruh Celebrity Endorser terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Skincare
Authors: Ayu S. Cyntia , Samsudin Acep , Hidayat Rusdi , S.E. Christnugroho , N.A. Oktaviana , F. Fikha , Agusnia W. Tri
Published: April 2023

Skin care products or skincare using public figures are considered to have power over the general public who see these products and can make offers so that people are interested in using them and even make a decision to buy the product being promoted. This study aims to find out how the celebrity endorser relationship influences the decision to buy skincare products. The company's strategy in taking advantage of promotions is to establish relationships with celebrity endorsers. With more and more information obtained about a product through advertisements that have been promoted by a celebrity, it will create a feeling of interest in the product because over time, as long as the product is still in the minds of consumers, the memory will still be embedded. In this study the method used is descriptive qualitative research method and includes explanatory research. The results of this study indicate that celebrity endorsers have a strong relationship because they can directly influence consumer purchasing decisions. Celebrity endorsers influence consumer purchasing decisions by increasing consumer buying interest due to public attention.

Keywords: Celebrity Endorser, Purchase Decision, Skincare
Prices and Inflation in Global Value Chains : A global inflation-to-output price elasticity database with applications
Authors: Koppány Krisztián , Vakhal Péter , Pusztai Pál
Published: April 2023

Global value chains (GVCs) are important transmitters of product price shocks, which, in the end, will be expressed in national inflation rates. This paper deals with this phenomenon by presenting and applying an input-output model of global cost-push price transmissions using the 2021 edition of OECD Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) tables. Output prices are linked to several inflation rates by the concept of inflation-to-output price elasticity. Inflation elastici-ties are decomposed into local, simple, and complex global value chain effects and collected into the Global Inflation-to-Output Price Elasticity Database (GIOPED) published along with the paper. A step-by-step guide shows how to import data and perform quick interactive form impact analyses in Microsoft Excel. The presented GIOPED exercises reveal that local value chains are still dominant in determining inflation, although there are significant differences bet-ween countries. For Hungary, selected for an illustrative country study, inflation elasticities are higher with smaller domestic components, and exposures to current global shocks are consi-derable. Movements of energy commodity prices explain about a third of autumn 2022 Hunga-rian inflation rates.
Boundary value problems with data on opposite characteristics for a second-order mixed-hyperbolic equation
Authors:   Institute of Applied Mathematics and Automation KBSC RAS, Balkizov G. A.
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we study a nonlocal problem with a shift to conjugation of two equations of second-order hyperbolic type, consisting of a wave equation in one part of the domain and a degenerate hyperbolic equation of the first kind in the other part. Using the Tricomi method, sufficient conditions arc found for given functions that ensure the existence of a unique solution of the problem under study that is regular in the region under consideration. In a particular case, the solution of the problem is written out explicitly.
Konstantin Nikolayeviç Leontyev, (2022) Bizansçılık ve Slavlık
Authors: ZENGİNOĞLU Samet
Published: April 2023

Rus diplomat, tıp doktoru ve yazar Konstantin Nikolayeviç Leontyev’in (1831-1891) Bizansçılık ve Slavlık başlıklı eseri, 2022 yılında Alihan Büyükçolak’ın çevirisi ile dilimize kazandırılmıştır. Eserde Rus tarihine dair teolojik zemin, bu tarihin diğer milletlere yönelik bakışına dair perspektifler ve bu perspektiflerin bugüne dair yansımaları dikkat çekmektedir. 19. yüzyılın dünya siyasetindeki göz ardı edilemez etkilerinin bu esere de sirayet etmiş olduğu vurgulanmalıdır.
Fresh Vs Frozen Food: A Study On Consumption Patterns Of Millennials
Authors: Singh Dilraj , Bhatia Harmanpreet
Published: April 2023

Background:Now days we get food in many forms such as fresh food, frozen foods, convenience food, packed foods etc. Frozen  foods are made-up or partially made-up dishes which have been frozen to -20 degree C and which can be stored for at least 6  weeks and generally much longer in the freezer. Though fresh food is always the best option for human consumption, there must  be a comparison made and reasons found for choosing frozen food over fresh in a fast-paced world. Objective: To understand  the reasons behind the consumption patterns of millennial towards frozen food and to study the consumption patterns of  millennial for frozen food and fresh food. Methodology: The present descriptive study was carried out in the context of  millennials. The four dimensional study was carried to know the food consumption patterns such as purchasing patterns,  nutritional perceptions, family acceptance and cooking preferences. The sample size of 95 millennials was collected through  Google forms, analysis the data such as means; percentages and Cronbach's alpha were applied. Results: The results of the  study revealed that Consumption status of frozen foods since last one year for millennials has increased by 34.7% and 62  respondents inclined for the frozen vegetables and processed vegetarian food over fresh food in same category. Conclusion: As  millennials are 30-40 years old, married, and probably have children by now, this research has found that their consumption  pattern has switch from fresh to frozen foods. However the motivating factors that motivates them to choose frozen food over  fresh foods still includes the personal preference and convenience in cooking.
Food encapsulation plant
Authors: Kakimov А. K. , Mayorov А. A. , Zhumadilova G. A. , Muratbayev А. M. , Tashybayeva M. M.
Published: April 2023

This article shows an installation for encapsulating food products. Ensuring food security, the constant satisfaction of the population's needs for basic foodstuffs, is one of the main directions of ensuring the national security of any state. There is still an open question of obtaining high-quality capsules with properties and characteristics that dissolve in the desired environment, retain the therapeutic effect and at the same time meet the requirements of the consumer (ease of use, efficiency, reasonable cost). An installation for producing microcapsules was made of such parts: they are Mercury ATX Switching Power Supply-450W power supply; aquarium tube; glass washer pump; variable resistor with 10K switch; DC-dc DC voltage stabilizer, LM2596S module; gelatin, sodium alginate solution; electromagnetic mixer; plastic sprayer for spraying water (nozzle); calcium chloride solution. There are many technologies of the encapsulation process. Capsules can be obtained by drip, disk spraying methods. In this work, sodium alginate and gelatin were selected as the encapsulating material. A gelatin solution with the addition of sodium alginate was used as an aqueous solution of the gel-forming mixture. The best option is the composition of capsules containing 0.5% alginate and gelatin, the solution should be used at a temperature of 40° C. Capsules were obtained by the drip method. Capsules obtained from 0.5% sodium alginate were soft, with a smooth surface, with an average size of 2,0×10-3м.
Translational Herbal Medicines Availability: A Necessity to Ensure Medicine Security in Nigeria
Authors: Ilomuanya Margaret , Adegun Adeola
Published: April 2023

Background: Over 80% of people in Africa receive care from Traditional African Medicine (TAM), which is part of our socioeconomic and cultural legacy. Nigerian traditional herbal medicine has made signifificant contribution to the primary health care needs of Nigerians from time immemorial. However, there is signifificant room for improvement in its development and utilization. In most communities, they have served as the primary and, in some cases, the only source of healthcare for many millions of people. This is because they are accessible and reasonably priced. They are trusted by a vast majority of the populace, having been embraced culturally. Due to the current economic set back in Nigeria and other developing countries, the affffordability of these herbal medicines have made them to be in high demand as alternatives for primary health needs of majority of the populace. Asignifificant amount of efffforts have been made to translate herbs used locally into standardised dosage forms, however there is still a lot to be done in this regard. Herbal medicines, whose potency, effiffifficacy and safety have been scientififically validated can help to achieve the goal of ensuring that everyone has access to healthcare. Methods: A review of translational herbal medicines available in Nigeria was centered on emphasizing the necessity of translational herbal medicine. This will ensure availability and affffordability of drugs, which will in turn lead to medicine security in Nigeria. Results:Recommendations were made to encourage the use of translational herbal medicine to ensure medicine security in Nigeria. Conclusion: For the benefits of herbal medicine to be maximized, individuals must be informed about the likely benefits and risks of supplementing their use of conventional medicine with Herbal Medicine. In addition, herbal medicinal products must be standardized to render them more acceptable such that they can be integrated into the national health care delivery system.
INFLATION TARGETING OF THE NATIONAL BANK OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Jangarasheva N.V. , Shaimerdenova A.А. ,   Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Soltangazy D.Е. ,   Academy "Kainar", Nurgalieva A.M. ,   Academy "Kainar", Chelekbay A.D. ,   Academy "Kainar"
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of achieving a stable level of inflation in the medium term, which is a fundamental factor in sustainable economic growth. Since 2015, the National Bank has been pursuing monetary policy in the inflation targeting regime with a floating tenge exchange rate, hence inflation targeting is a monetary policy regime in which price stability is the ultimate goal. An important role in the inflation targeting regime is played by the interest rate channel, through which the central bank's interest rate policy affects market rates with further transfer to the consumer, savings, and investment behavior of the population, and, ultimately, to inflationary processes. The analysis shows that the dynamics of inflationary processes in Kazakhstan is significantly influenced by the import of goods, the share of which in consumption has not changed for several years. Thus, over the past 5 years, the share of imports in the consumption of consumer goods has fluctuated on average within 33-42%. The largest number of imported goods can be traced in the consumption of non-food products, the share of which increased from 63% in 2015 to 93% in 2019. At the same time, the share of imports in food consumption increased from 16% in 2015 to 18% in 2019.
MODERN INTERPRETATION OF THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
Authors:   Almaty University of Humanities and Economics, Yerzhanov A.K. , Taygashinova K.T. ,   Almaty University of Humanities and Economics
Published: April 2023

The article reveals the basics of management accounting, its purpose and relationship with production and financial accounting. The authors note that the need for the formation of management accounting at a firm or organization arose due to the shortcomings of traditional financial accounting in the form of accounting statements, which does not provide complete information for forecasting economic activity and making operational management decisions, especially for management by field of activity (each process) because they are chronically outdated and lack efficiency. The polemic of foreign and domestic scientists on the purpose and subject of management accounting is carried out. The role of management accounting in the preparation of operational information to management in making managerial decisions is noted. The necessity of planning, budgeting, control and analysis in management accounting is revealed. The existing shortcomings are indicated and the methodology of accounting for cost responsibility centers is proposed. It describes the preparation of information in the context of the company's field of activity, the processes of supply, production, sales and sale of products, the importance of managing these processes in order to generate and increase income.
EVALUATING DIGITAL MONEY TECHNOLOGY ON THE FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF ACCOUNTING
Authors:   Department of State Finance Reporting and Statistics of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Yernazarova Z. A.
Published: April 2023

Current trends in the digital economy are marked by various directions of development. Data collection procedures use alternative sources of "Big Data", "now casting" and digital money. "Big Data" data allows the identification of economic processes in order to identify possible outcomes. The use of "now casting" improves the reliability and timeliness of data for operational management decisions. At the same time, relevant research on the impact of digital money technology and the systemic impact on the balanced coordination and manageability of accounting is lacking. In this regard, this article discusses approaches to assessing digital money technology on the further development of accounting.
DIGITALIZATION OF THE SOCIAL SPHERE AS A FACTOR OF STRENGTHENING THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE REGION​​​​​​​
Authors:   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University, A.A. Lukyanov  , B.Sh. Gussenov​​​​​​​  ,   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University
Published: April 2023

Digitalization of the social sphere as a factor in strengthening the financial security of the region includes the creation of digital technologies and the development of a digital society based on new technologies. Digitization and intensification of processes in all spheres of activity is a necessity for the modern economy. Digitalization affects industry, public administration, healthcare, education, logistics and other areas. The development of digital technologies has accelerated due to intensive technological changes that are associated with the penetration of digital technologies into all spheres of our lives and, having received wide recognition, have changed our lives. Innovations in the field of information and communication technologies have influenced the behavior of citizens, their information needs and the way people work and exchange information. Further advancement of digital innovations, including cloud, mobile services and artificial intelligence, will significantly enhance this change and provide us with exceptional services and well-being that were not previously expected. Digitalization erases borders, as a result of which there is a constant connection of societies at the international level. The qualitative changes taking place in the world economy are so largescale that socio-economic development is entering the age of scientific and technological revolution, digital technologies, rapid change of society's needs, innovations of new forms of interaction. In this regard, theoretical and practical problems of the formation and development of the digital economy of the region as a factor of financial security become relevant.
Social and psychological features of free time organization
Authors: Spytska Liana
Published: April 2023

In the sociology of free time, the issue of free time management and organization is actualized. Regulation of free time organization is objective and integral to society and human life. Nevertheless, if the tasks of working time regulation and organization are widely considered in the scientific literature, then the problems of free time regulation and organization are relatively new.
Європейський вектор зовнішньої політики Великої Британії в першій половині 70-х рр. ХХ ст.: між «Самотнім присмерком» та «Примарними здобутками»
Authors: Ямпольська Лариса
Published: April 2023

Досліджено європейський вектор зовнішньої політики консервативного уряду Едварда Хіта (1970‒1974 рр.). Проаналізовані причини вступу Великої Британії до Європейського Економічного Співтовариства, особливості ставлення Консервативної та Лейбористської партій до «європейського питання», формування інтеграційної політики держави. Зроблені висновки про те, що в першій половині 70-х рр. ХХ ст. йшла активна боротьба як на європейському рівні, так і в політичних колах Великої Британії, спрямованої на вступ до ЄЕС з метою структурного реформування національної економіки, розширення ринку товарів, робочої сили, капіталів, послуг на європейському ринку. Після «нафтового шоку» 1973 р. участь у європейській інтеграції приносила Сполученому Королівству все більше проблем, які виявлялися в дискусіях навколо питань внесків до комунітарного бюджету, механізмів спільної аграрної та регіональної політики, перспектив політичної інтеграції.
Energy geopolitics
Authors: Asim Abdulla
Published: April 2023

In the article, the basis of the geopolitical concept is considered not only from the desire to own new lands or states and the changes that these can cause. When examined with a new perspective, changes that may occur due to the energy resources of the new geopolitical content, especially oil and natural gas and other strategic resources, have been noted. Informal approaches to the search for the advantage of new geopolitical content, the desire to be limited to a defined region, have been investigated..
Вплив ігрового методу на фізичний стан учнів початкової школи
Authors: Базилевич Наталія , Поліщук Віталій , Мовчан Володимир , Никоненко Євген
Published: April 2023

В статті висвітлені особливості застосування ігрового методу у фізичному вихованні учнів початкової школи. Визначені способи організації і проведення різноманітних ігрових вправ і завдань в різних формах навчально-виховної роботи в загальноосвітній школі. Експериментально доведено ефективність застосування ігрового методу у фізичному виховання молодших школярів.
Pegcetacoplan (Empaveli)
Authors: CADTH
Published: April 2023

CADTH recommends that Empaveli should be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of adult patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) who have an inadequate response to, or are intolerant of, a C5 inhibitor if certain conditions are met.

Empaveli should only be covered to treat patients with PNH who have met existing reimbursement criteria used by public drug plans for initiating C5 inhibitor treatment (e.g., eculizumab or ravulizumab). While receiving C5 inhibitor treatment, patients should have had persistently low hemoglobin levels, likely due to red blood cell (RBC) destruction occurring outside of blood vessels (known as extravascular hemolysis [EVH]), or intolerable side effects.

Empaveli should only be reimbursed if prescribed by or in consultation with a hematologist with experience managing PNH. It should not be used with other C5 inhibitors beyond the first 4 weeks of treatment. Also, the cost of Empaveli should be reduced.
Total ozone trends at three northern high-latitude stations
Authors: Bernet Leonie , Svendby Tove , Hansen Georg , Orsolini Yvan , Dahlback Arne , Goutail Florence , Pazmiño Andrea , Petkov Boyan , Kylling Arve
Published: April 2023

Abstract. After the decrease of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) as a consequence of the Montreal Protocol, it is still challenging to detect a recovery in the total column amount of ozone (total ozone) at northern high latitudes.
To assess regional total ozone changes in the “ozone-recovery” period (2000–2020) at northern high latitudes, this study investigates trends from ground-based total ozone measurements at three stations in Norway (Oslo, Andøya, and Ny-Ålesund). For this purpose, we combine measurements from Brewer spectrophotometers, ground-based UV filter radiometers (GUVs), and a SAOZ (Système d'Analyse par Observation Zénithale) instrument. The Brewer measurements have been extended to work under cloudy conditions using the global irradiance (GI) technique, which is also presented in this study. We derive trends from the combined ground-based time series with the multiple linear regression model from the Long-term Ozone Trends and Uncertainties in the Stratosphere (LOTUS) project. We evaluate various predictors in the regression model and found that tropopause pressure and lower-stratospheric temperature contribute most to ozone variability at the three stations. We report significantly positive annual trends at Andøya (0.9±0.7 % per decade) and Ny-Ålesund (1.5±0.1 % per decade) and no significant annual trend at Oslo (0.1±0.5 % per decade) but significantly positive trends in autumn at all stations. Finally we found positive but insignificant trends of around 3 % per decade in March at all three stations, which may be an indication of Arctic springtime ozone recovery. Our results contribute to a better understanding of regional total ozone trends at northern high latitudes, which is essential to assess how Arctic ozone responds to changes in ODSs and to climate change.
Nitrate chemistry in the northeast US – Part 1: Nitrogen isotope seasonality tracks nitrate formation chemistry
Authors: Bekker Claire , Walters Wendell W. , Murray Lee T. , Hastings Meredith G.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Despite significant precursor emission reductions in the
US over recent decades, atmospheric nitrate deposition remains an important
terrestrial stressor. Here, we utilized statistical air mass back trajectory
analysis and nitrogen stable isotope deltas (δ(15N)) to
investigate atmospheric nitrate spatiotemporal trends in the northeastern US
from samples collected at three US EPA Clean Air Status and Trends Network
(CASTNET) sites from December 2016–2018. For the considered sites, similar
seasonal patterns in nitric acid (HNO3) and particulate nitrate
(pNO3) concentrations were observed with spatial differences attributed
to nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission densities in source contributing
regions that were typically ≤ 1000 km. Significant spatiotemporal
δ(15N) variabilities in HNO3 and pNO3 were observed
with higher values during winter relative to summer, like previous reports
from CASTNET samples collected in the early 2000s for our study region. In
the early 2000s, δ(15N) of atmospheric nitrate in the northeast
US had been suggested to be driven by NOx emissions; however, we did
not find significant spatiotemporal changes in the modeled NOx
emissions by sector and fuel type or δ(15N, NOx) for the
source regions of the CASTNET sites. Instead, the seasonal and spatial
differences in the observed δ(15N) of atmospheric nitrate were
driven by nitrate formation pathways (i.e., homogeneous reactions of
NO2 oxidation via hydroxyl radical or heterogeneous reactions of
dinitrogen pentoxide on wetted aerosol surfaces) and their associated
δ(15N) fractionation. Under the field conditions of low
NOx relative to O3 concentrations and when δ(15N,
NOx) emission sources do not have significant variability, we
demonstrate that δ(15N) of atmospheric nitrate can be a robust
tracer for diagnosing nitrate formation.
Nitrate chemistry in the northeast US – Part 2: Oxygen isotopes reveal differences in particulate and gas-phase formation
Authors: Kim Heejeong , Walters Wendell W. , Bekker Claire , Murray Lee T. , Hastings Meredith G.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The northeastern US represents a mostly urban corridor
impacted by high population and fossil fuel combustion emission density.
This has led to historically degraded air quality and acid rain that has
been a focus of regulatory-driven emissions reductions. Detailing the
chemistry of atmospheric nitrate formation is critical for improving the
model representation of atmospheric chemistry and air quality. The oxygen
isotopic compositions of atmospheric nitrate are useful indicators in
tracking nitrate formation pathways. Here, we measured oxygen isotope deltas
(Δ(17O) and δ(18O)) for nitric acid (HNO3)
and particulate nitrate (pNO3) from three US EPA Clean Air
Status and Trends Network (CASTNET) sites in the northeastern US from
December 2016 to 2018. The Δ(17O, HNO3) and δ(18O, HNO3) values ranged from 12.9 ‰ to 30.9 ‰ and from 46.9 ‰ to 82.1 ‰, and the Δ(17O, pNO3) and δ(18O, pNO3) ranged from 16.6 ‰ to 33.7 ‰ and from 43.6 ‰ to 85.3 ‰, respectively. There was distinct seasonality of
δ(18O) and Δ(17O), with higher values observed
during winter compared to during summer, suggesting a shift in O3 to HOx
radical chemistry, as expected. Unexpectedly, there was a statistical
difference in Δ(17O) between HNO3 and pNO3, with
higher values observed for pNO3 (27.1 ± 3.8) ‰
relative to HNO3 (22.7 ± 3.6) ‰, and
significant differences in the relationship between δ(18O) and
Δ(17O). This difference suggests atmospheric nitrate
phase-dependent oxidation chemistry that is not predicted in models. Based
on the output from GEOS-Chem and both the δ(18O) and Δ(17O) observations, we quantify the production pathways of atmospheric
nitrate. The model significantly overestimated the heterogeneous
N2O5 hydrolysis production for both HNO3 and pNO3, a
finding consistent with observed seasonal changes in δ(18O) and
Δ(17O) of HNO3 and pNO3, though large uncertainties
remain in the quantitative transfer of δ(18O) from major
atmospheric oxidants. This comparison provides important insight into the
role of oxidation chemistry in reconciling a commonly observed positive bias
for modeled atmospheric nitrate concentrations in the northeastern US.
Post-flooding disturbance recovery promotes carbon capture in riparian zones
Authors: Zhu Yihong , Liu Ruihua , Zhang Huai , Liu Shaoda , Zhang Zhengfeng , Yu Fei-Hai , Gregoire Timothy G.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Vegetation, water, and carbon dioxide have complex
interactions on carbon mitigation in vegetation–water ecosystems. As one of
the major global change drivers of carbon sequestration, flooding
disturbance is a fundamental but poorly discussed topic to date. The aquatic
and associated riparian systems are highly dynamic vegetation–water carbon
capture systems driven by fluvial processes such as flooding. However, their
global carbon offset potential is largely unknown. This study examines daily
CO2 perturbations under flooding disturbance in the river (fluvial
area) and associated riparian areas with 2 year in situ observations along
the Lijiang. We find that, though the submerged riparian area behaved
as a carbon source during the flooding season (CO2 flux: 2.790 gm-2d-1), the riparian area and the fluvial area as a
whole transformed from a carbon source in pre-flooding season (1.833 gm-2d-1) to a carbon sink after recovery in
post-flooding season (−0.592 gm-2d-1). The fluvial
area sequestered carbon (−0.619 gm-2d-1) in
post-flooding season instead of releasing carbon as in pre-flooding season
(2.485 gm-2d-1). Also, the carbon sequestration
capacity of the riparian area was enhanced in post-flooding season
(pre-flooding season: −0.156 gm-2d-1, post-flooding
season: −0.500 gm-2d-1). We suggest that post-disturbance
recovery of riparian vegetation played a vital role in this transformation,
due to its stronger carbon uptake capacity after recovery from the flooding
disturbances. The findings shed light on the quantitative modelling of the
riparian carbon cycle under flooding disturbance and underlined the
importance of the proper restoration of riparian systems to achieve global
carbon offset.
Limited exchange between the deep Pacific and Atlantic oceans during the warm mid-Pliocene and MIS M2 "glaciation"
Authors: Braaten Anna Hauge , Jakob Kim A. , Ho Sze Ling , Friedrich Oliver , Galaasen Eirik Vinje , De Schepper Stijn , Wilson Paul A. , Meckler Anna Nele
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The mid-Pliocene (3.3–3.0 Ma) is the most recent period in Earth’s history of sustained, global warmth analogous to predicted near-future climates. Despite considerable efforts to characterize and understand the climate dynamics of the mid-Pliocene, the deep ocean and its response to this warming remains poorly understood. Here we present new mid-Pliocene Mg/Ca and Δ47 (“clumped isotope”) temperatures from the deep Pacific and North Atlantic oceans. These records cover the transition from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) M2 — considered the most pronounced “glacial” stage of the mid-Pliocene — to the warm KM5 interglacial. We find that a large (>4 °C) temperature gradient existed between these two basins throughout that interval, with the deep North Atlantic considerably warmer and likely saltier than at present. We interpret our results to indicate that the deep Pacific and North Atlantic oceans were bathed by water masses with very different physical properties during the mid-Pliocene, and that only limited deep oceanic exchange occurred between the two basins. Our results point to a fundamentally different mode of ocean circulation or mixing compared to the present, where heat and salt is distributed from the North Atlantic into the Pacific. The amplitude of cooling observed at both sites during MIS M2 suggests that changes in benthic δ18O associated with this cold stage were mostly driven by temperature change in the deep ocean rather than ice volume.
Asymmetries in winter cloud microphysical properties ascribed to sea ice leads in the central Arctic
Authors: Saavedra Garfias Pablo , Kalesse-Los Heike , von Albedyll Luisa , Griesche Hannes , Spreen Gunnar
Published: April 2023

Abstract. To investigate the influence of sea ice openings like leads on wintertime Arctic clouds, the air mass transport is exploited as humidity feeding mechanism which modifies cloud properties like total water content, cloud phase partitioning, cloud altitude, and thickness. Cloud microphysical properties in the Central Arctic are analyzed as a function of sea ice conditions during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition in 2019–2020. A state-of-the-art cloud classification algorithm is used to characterize the clouds based on observations by vertical pointing lidar, radar, microwave radiometer, and atmospheric thermodynamic state from the observatory on board the research vessel Polarstern. To link the sea ice conditions around the observational site with the cloud observations, the water vapor transport (WVT) being conveyed towards the Polarstern has been exploited as a mechanism to associate sea ice conditions upwind with the measured cloud properties. This novel methodology is used to classify the observed clouds as coupled or decoupled to the WVT based on the location of the maximum vertical gradient of WVT height relative to the cloud-driven mixing layer extending above and below the cloud top and base, respectively. Only a conical sub-sector of sea ice concentration (SIC) and lead fraction (LF) centered at the Polarstern location and extending up to 50 km radius and azimuth angle governed by the time-dependent wind direction measured at the maximum WVT is related to the observed clouds. We found significant asymmetries for cases when the clouds are coupled or decoupled to the WVT, and when cases are selected by LF regimes. Liquid water path of low level clouds is found to increase as a function of LF while ice water path does so only for deep precipitating systems. Clouds coupled to WVT are found to be low level clouds and are thicker than decoupled clouds. Thermodynamically, we found that for coupled cases the cloud top temperature is warmer and accompanied by a temperature inversion at cloud top, whereas the decoupled cases are found to closely be compliant with the moist adiabatic temperature lapse rate. The ice water fraction within the cloud layer has been found to present a noticeable asymmetry when comparing coupled versus decoupled cases. This novel approach of coupling sea ice to cloud properties via the WVT mechanism unfolds a new tool to study Arctic surface-atmosphere processes. With this formulation long-term observations can be analyzed to enforce the statistical significance of the asymmetries. Our results serve as an opportunity to better understand the dynamic linkage between clouds and sea ice and to evaluate its representation in numerical climate models for the Arctic system.