bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of 2000-meter rowing test on parameters of intestinal integrity in elite rowers during competitive phase - observational study.
Authors: Dziewiecka Hanna , Ostapiuk-Karolczuk Joanna , Kasperska Anna , Cichoń Justyna , Basta Piotr , Skarpańska-Stejnborn Anna
Published: January 2024

The epithelial wall leakage has been extensively studied in sports disciplines like running and cycling. However, little is known about gut permeability in other disciplines, like rowing, especially after the regular competition performance distance of 2000 meters. Therefore, our study aimed to check gut permeability after the 2000-meter rowing test in the annual training cycle. The study was performed at the beginning of a competitive training phase. Eighteen elite rowers of the Polish Rowing Team participated in study after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The participants performed a 2000-meter ergometer test. Blood samples were taken before the test, after exercise, and after 1-hour of restitution. Parameters, such as I-FABP, LPS, LBP, and zonulin, were determined using appropriate biochemical tests. There were no changes between pre- and post-exercise values in I-FABP, LBP, LPS, and zonulin. However, the I-FABP changed from 6,49 ± 2,15 to 8,3 ± 2,71 (ng/ml) during the recovery period, and LBP decreased from 2,73 ± 0,77 to 2,035 ± 0,53 (µg/ml) simultaneously. Other parameters have not changed. The results of this study showed that intense physical effort performed during the training period is sufficient to negatively affect the gut integrity of rowers.
Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels and stress urinary incontinence: Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Wang Chao , Yang Yi , Li Hui , Wen hui
Published: January 2024

Background
Previous observational studies have found an association between vitamin D and stress urinary incontinence(SUI), but it remains controversial and the causal relationship is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the causal relationship between vitamin D and stress urinary incontinence through a Mendelian randomization study.
Methods
Summary statistics for 25(OH)D and SUI were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). To explore the potential causal relationship between them, MR analysis was applied. The causal effects were mainly estimated using the standard inverse variance weighting (IVW) method. Additionally, complementary and sensitivity analyses were conducted using various methods to ensure the accuracy of the results.
Results
Genetically determined stress incontinence did not correlate with 25(OH)D levels (all P > 0.05, 95% CI for OR passed 1), and did not support a causal effect between 25(OH)D and stress incontinence (IVW OR: 1.002259, 95% CI: 0.9991954–1.005332, P = 0.1485497).
Conclusion
Our results found no causal relationship between 25(OH)D and stress urinary incontinence.; further observational studies and clinical trials are warranted.
Coexistence of indural meningioma and schwannoma in different segments of the cervical spine:a case report and literature review
Authors: FU Songning , Xu Feng
Published: January 2024

Background:Complications of schwannoma with meningioma in the spinal canal are rare and associated with schwannomatosis. To improve clinicians’ understanding of schwannoma and meningioma coexisting in different cervical spine segments, we analysed the clinical manifestations and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures through a case report and literature review.
Case Presentation: The patient was a 54-year-old male with numbness and weakness of the limbs for more than one year, aggravated by difficulty in walking and weak bowel movements for three months. The main clinical manifestation was asymmetric cervical spinal cord compression in the left and right limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a rounded abnormal signal in the spinal canal at the cervical 2 vertebrae level, 1.5–1.7 cm in size, a low-signal shadow in T1-weighted sequences, and a high-signal shadow in T2 fat-suppressed sequences. A nodular abnormal signal 1.3–1.6 cm in size was seen in the cervical canal at the cervical 6–7 vertebrae level. An equal-signal shadow and an abnormal signal were seen in T1-weighted sequences; an equal-signal shadow was also evident in T2-weighted sequences. The T2 fat-suppressed sequences showed uneven and slightly high-signal shadows, all of which compressed the corresponding segments of the spinal cord. The preliminary diagnosis was multiple lesions in the cervical spinal canal. Pathological examination revealed that the mass at cervical level 2 was a schwannoma, and the mass at cervical level 6–7 was a meningioma. High-throughput DNA sequencing showed the patient had mutations in the SMARCB1 and LZTR1 genes. The patient underwent posterior cervical laminectomy, intradural excision of the mass, and fusion with internal fixation. After surgery, the patient’s pain disappeared, and sensation and muscle strength recovered significantly.
Conclusions:When a single tumour cannot explain complex signs, clinicians should be alert to the possibility of concurrent tumours. Appropriate decompression and fixation methods should be selected based on a comprehensive assessment of the spinal biomechanics and neurological symptoms of the patient. For symptomatic patients with schwannomatosis, multifaceted interventions should be used to improve their long-term quality of life.
Crown fires remove a fire-sensitive canopy dominant from oak-juniper woodlands
Authors: Reemts Charlotte M , Picinich Carla , Sperry Jinelle H
Published: January 2024

Background
In central Texas, re-sprouting oaks (Quercus spp.) co-occur with the non-resprouting Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei). The region’s mature oak-juniper woodlands are the only nesting habitat for the endangered golden-cheeked warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia). We studied long-term recovery of woodland structure and species composition after single and repeated crown fires on three site types (mesas and slopes with shallow soils and deeper savanna soils).
Results
Understory density of non-juniper species, including oaks, was up to four times higher after the second fire compared to the first fire for the first 2–3 years. On once-burned sites, non-juniper tree density exceeded unburned levels after 14–24 years, indicating successful replacement of hardwood trees (24 years vs unburned, mesa: 481 ± 254 vs 155 ± 137 stems ha− 1; slope: 910 ± 330 vs 251 ± 103 stems ha− 1; deep: 679 ± 250 vs 251 ± 103 stems ha− 1). Non-juniper tree basal area recovered more slowly on slopes and deep soils than on mesas but reached unburned levels by 14–24 years (24 years vs unburned, mesa: 2 ± 1 vs 1 ± 2 m2 ha− 1; slope: 5 ± 2 vs 3 ± 2 m2 ha− 1; deep: 6 ± 2 vs 8 ± 9 m2 ha− 1). Ashe juniper, however, remained almost completely absent from burned woodlands. After 24 years, juniper tree density on once-burned sites was much lower compared to unburned sites (mesa: 6 ± 10 vs 691 ± 410 stems ha− 1; slope: 20 ± 17 vs 731 ± 183 stems ha− 1; deep: 50 ± 71 vs 317 ± 297 stems ha− 1). Juniper trees were still absent from twice-burned sites in year 11 and understory density was recovering more slowly, at least on slopes (one fire: 224 ± 206 stems ha− 1; two fires: 26 ± 47 stems ha− 1). Juniper recovery was explained in part by distance to the wildfire perimeter, suggesting that regeneration is limited by dispersal.
Conclusions
Oaks and other species successfully recruited after one and two fires, likely due to low deer densities. Ashe juniper recovered very slowly, especially after the second fire, and juniper recovery was limited by dispersal. Our data show that mixed woodlands in the Edwards Plateau can only exist in areas with very long intervals between crown fires. Given the long-term consequences of crown fires for golden-cheeked warbler habitat, maintenance of mature oak-juniper woodlands will require protection from extreme fire.
Risk factors and outcome of hyponatremia in patients with Guillain–Barré syndrome
Authors: Ogawa Shoji , Hosokawa Takafumi , Hayakawa Chizuko , Sawai Taiki , Kakiuchi Kensuke , Nishioka Daisuke , Yoshimoto Yukiyo , Masuda Yuichi , Nakamura Yoshitsugu , Ota Shin , Arawaka Shigeki
Published: January 2024

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the risk factors and outcomes associated with hyponatremia in patients with Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). We retrospectively studied 80 consecutive patients with GBS who visited our hospital and compared clinical, laboratory, and electrophysiological findings of patients with and without hyponatremia. Disability was evaluated using the Hughes grading system. The well-established Erasmus GBS Outcome Score (EGOS) prognostic model was used for covariate adjustment to examine the independent association between hyponatremia and patient outcomes. Of the 80 patients, 18 (23%) had hyponatremia. Hyponatremia was significantly associated with older age (P = 0.003), autonomic dysfunction (P < 0.0001), higher Hughes grade at peak (P < 0.001), acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy subtype (P = 0.017), and poor outcome (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis performed to assess the risk factors of hyponatremia revealed that a Hughes grade at peak ≥ 4 (odds ratio [OR] 6.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–35.2; P = 0.034) and autonomic dysfunction (OR 11.3, 95% CI 2.1–59.7; P = 0.004) were significant independent risk factors of hyponatremia. In assessing the outcomes of patients with hyponatremia, the EGOS-adjusted analyses showed that hyponatremia was significantly and independently associated with poor outcome (OR 15.0, 95% CI 1.2–194.4; P = 0.038). Therefore, we demonstrate that, along with disease severity, autonomic dysfunction is a risk factor of hyponatremia in GBS. Moreover, we confirm that hyponatremia is associated with poor outcome in GBS.
Metabolic alterations in vitamin D deficient systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Yan Yunxia , Yu Fangyuan , Li Qi , Feng Xuebing , Geng Linyu , Sun Lingyun
Published: January 2024

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is increasingly common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and is associated with the disease activity and proteinuria. Recently, alterations in metabolism have been recognized as key regulators of SLE pathogenesis. Our objective was to identify changes in the serum metabolome of SLE with vitamin D deficiency.
Methods: In this study, we applied untargeted metabolomics to serum samples obtained from a cross-sectional cohort of age- and sex-matched SLE patients, with or without vitamin D deficiency. Subsequently, we performed metabolomics profiling analysis, including principal component analysis, student’s t test, fold change analysis, volcano plot analysis, cluster analysis, Spearman’s correlation analysis, KEGG enrichment analysis, regulatory network analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, to identify 52 significantly altered metabolites in vitamin D deficient SLE patients. The area under the curve (AUC) from ROC analyses was calculated to assess the diagnostic potential of each candidate metabolite biomarker.
Results: Lipids accounted for 66.67% of the differential metabolites in the serum, highlighted the disruption of lipid metabolism. The 52 differential metabolites were mapped to 27 metabolic pathways, with fat digestion and absorption, as well as lipid metabolism, emerging as the most significant pathways. The AUC of (S)-Oleuropeic acid and 2-Hydroxylinolenic acid during ROC analysis were 0.867 and 0.833, respectively, indicating their promising diagnostic potential.
Conclusions: In conclusion, our results revealed vitamin D deficiency alters SLE metabolome, impacting lipid metabolism, and thrown insights into the pathogenesis and diagnosis of SLE.
Predicting the risk of chronic kidney disease using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Veisani Yousef , Kheiry Maryam , Sayyadi Hojjat , Moradinazar Mehdi
Published: January 2024

Background and Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is among the most severe diseases in the modern world adversely affecting human life. Various risk factors, such as age, sex, diabetes, and hypertension, predispose to the occurrence of CKD. The aim of this study was to determine the predictors of CKD using machine learning algorithms.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on the data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort. At the end of 5 years of follow-up, the number of participants was 10065 cases, 81 (0.8%) of whom were excluded after sub-processing, and 9984 (98.92%) subjects were finally included in the study. Different machine learning algorithms were used to analyze the data, and the performance of each model was evaluated by calculating accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC). The final model was used to identify the most important predictors of CKD.
Results: The Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was selected as the final model with the highest sensitivity and accuracy (AUC =97%). According to this model, the most important predictors of CKD were identified to be SC=1.0, Wc=0.591, Rt=0.687, age=0.401, SGPT=0.334, TG=0.334, MCH=0.327, MCV=0.327, BFM=0.306, and HDLC=0.276. Also, the variables of SC, AIP, gender, and SGPT were most important in predicting CKD. Based on the final model, sodium, SGOT, and DBP were the most important predictors that contradicted with None-CKD patients.
Conclusion: Based on our results, the GLM model delivered the most proficient performance in predicting CKD by correctly identifying all patients. In this model, serum creatinine level obtained the highest weight and, therefore, was the most important predictor of CKD.
Can Digital Rectal Examination Identify the Subtype of Dyssynergic Disorders as Well as High Resolution Anorectal Manometry?
Authors: ONANA-NDONG Philippe , BAUMSTARCK Karine , Vitton Véronique
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
The diagnosis of dyssynergic disorders (DD) often necessitates high-definition anorectal manometry (3D-HRAM), introducing concerns related to cost, availability, and delayed referral. Digital rectal examination (DRE) has demonstrated reliable performance in diagnosing DD, offering a cost-effective and readily available alternative. This study aimed to assess DRE's capability to accurately classify patients with DD into the four subtypes outlined in Rao's classification.
METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective monocentric study involving patients diagnosed with DD through 3D-HRAM. The same senior clinician performed all DREs, while another senior clinician conducted the 3D-HRAM. Statistical tests were employed to gauge the correlation between DRE and HRAM in classifying the four DD subtypes.
RESULTS:
The study included 200 patients, revealing a commendable overall agreement between DRE and HRAM (Kappa= 0.658). Specific to subtype diagnosis, the correlation was substantial for subtypes I, II, and IV (0.679, 0.741, 0.649, respectively) and moderate for subtype III (Kappa = 0.325).
CONCLUSION:
DRE yields satisfactory results in diagnosing the four subtypes of DD, enabling prompt referral for rehabilitation without awaiting confirmation from 3D-HRAM. Enhanced training in DRE, emphasizing functional information, has the potential to reduce reliance on additional tests, thereby mitigating economic and organizational impacts.
AI Clinics on Mobile (AICOM): Universal AI Doctors for the Underserved and Hard-to-Reach
Authors: Yang Tianyi , Yang Tianze , An Na , Kong Ao , Tang Jie , Liu Shaoshan , Liu Xue
Published: January 2024

This paper introduces Artificial Intelligence Clinics on Mobile (AICOM), an open-source project devoted to answering the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) on health, which represents a universal recognition that health is fundamental to human capital and social and economic development. The core motivation for the AICOM project is the fact that over 80% of the people in the least developed countries (LDCs) own a mobile phone, even though less than 40% of these people have internet access. Hence, the key to maximize health care access is to empower health AI on resource-constrained mobile devices without connectivity. We have evaluated AICOM’s public health benefits through analyzing data from the World Bank. For technical development, multiple technologies, including model size shrinking, compute optimization, battery usage optimization have been developed and integrated into the AICOM framework to empower AI-based disease diagnostics and screening capability on resource-constrained mobile phones without connectivity.
The effect of awn needle deep acupuncture on the hiccup after stroke: a Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nie Chenchen , Zhang Yuhan , Su Kaiqi , Zhu Kaixuan , Ruan Wencong , Li WenBo
Published: January 2024

Background: Hiccups are common complications after stroke and are characterized by stubborn attacks that seriously affect the patient’s diet and sleep and increase the incidence of aspiration pneumonia. In current research, acupuncture is widely used as a nonpharmacological intervention in many observational studies, but few well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted. Therefore, we designed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the therapeutic effect of awn needle deep acupuncture in the treatment of hiccups after stroke. The RCT could provide a scientific basis for the treatment of hiccups after stroke with awn needle deep acupuncture.
Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 68 patients with hiccups after stroke who meet the trial criteria will be randomized1:1 intotwo groups: the acupuncture group and the control group. The acupuncture group will be treated with awn needle deep puncture (ANDP) therapy, and the control group will be given metoclopramide intramuscular injection. Both groups of patients will receive the same basic conventional treatment. All treatments will be performed 5 times a week for 2 weeks. The primary criterion is the severity of hiccups, which will be evaluated by the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Score Scale (TCMSSS). The secondary criteria are mental state and sleep score, which will be measured by the Functional Life Index-Emesis (FLIE), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). All criteriawill be evaluated at baseline, week 2, week 4, week 8 andweek 12.
Discussion: Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of ANDP for poststroke hiccups and to assess the effect of two different treatments on patients with poststroke hiccups, thus providing a high-quality rationale for the clinical use of ANDP for hiccups after stroke.
Trial Registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier: ChiCTR2100051110. Registered on 13 September 2021.
Identification of Ferroptosis-related Regulatory Network and Validation of the Expression of miRNA-326–IL-1β in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Xu Senming , Li Xiaolu , Gui Yuchang , Yang Ye , Chen Jianmin , Jiang Yangyang , Pan Qinhe , Xu Jianwen
Published: January 2024

Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system injury. Emerging research suggests a connection between SCI and ferroptosis. However, its underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. This study aims to identify key genes associated with ferroptosis after SCI and explore their potential molecular mechanisms.
Methods
Ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were identified by intersecting GSE151371 and the FerrDb database. Enrichment analysis was performed with Gene Ontology (GO) / KEGG. And the top five hub FRGs were from protein-protein interaction network analysis. Subsequently, the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed based on ENCORI dataset. Furthermore, rat SCI Model was constructed and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan Locomotor Scale Assessment was used to evaluate hind limb motor function in sham group and SCI group. Ferroptosis marker genes Gpx4, Acsl4 and predicted genes miR-326 – IL-1β were validated through RT-qPCR.
Results
We screened out 38 FRGs. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that lipid response was significantly associated with ferroptosis after SCI, while IL-17 signaling pathway was predominantly involved in the regulation of ferroptosis. Moreover, we identified five hub FRGs - PPARG, IL-1β, PTGS2, IFNG, and MAPK3 - which played crucial roles in the ceRNA network. Furthermore, the RNA expression level of Acsl4 was upregulated in the SCI group than in the sham group, while the Gpx4 was reversed. Similarly, in comparison to the sham group, the expression level of IL-1β was increased in the SCI group, while miR-326 exhibited a decrease expression.
Conclusions
miR-326–IL-1β may play pivotal roles in the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis after SCI. Further experimental validation is warranted.
Screening and transcriptome analysis of low phosphorus tolerance genes in Pueraria lobata
Authors: Tang Yanhua , Zhang Shuwei , Xi Yi , Liu yuyu , Zhao Lili , Chen Chao
Published: January 2024

To explore the effects of low phosphorus stress on the root morphology, growth physiology and molecular mechanisms of Pueraria lobata, the present study utilized P. lobata from Australia and Hunan and Jiangsu Provinces in China. Three treatment levels of normal phosphorus (0.5 mmol·L− 1 KH2PO4), low phosphorus (0.05 mmol·L− 1 KH2PO4) and extremely low phosphorus (0.005 mmol·L− 1 KH2PO4) were applied by hydroponics. After 20 days of culture, the root index, proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein contents and malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activity levels were measured. P. lobata from Australia was tolerant to low phosphorus, while P. lobata from Jiangsu was sensitive to low phosphorus. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on the roots of P. lobata from Australia and P. lobata from Jiangsu. Gene function annotation analysis and differential expression gene screening were performed on the transcriptomes. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway PR1 and CTR1 were the most differentially expressed genes in Australian P. lobata, while ERF1 was the most differentially expressed gene in Jiangsu P. lobata. The transcription factor families C2H2, bZIP, MYB, and bHLH were among the most differentially expressed transcription factors under low phosphorus stress in P. lobata from Australia, while ERF was the most differentially expressed transcription factor under low phosphorus stress in P. lobata from Jiangsu. Through transcriptome sequencing, the differences in gene expression between low-phosphorus-tolerant Australian P. lobata and low-phosphorus-sensitive Jiangsu P. lobata under low phosphorus stress were preliminarily understood, providing a basis for future research on the mechanism of P. lobata stress responses.
Stored alcohol and fatty acid intermediates and the biosynthesis of sex pheromone aldehyde in the moth Chloridea virescens
Authors: Foster Stephen P. , Anderson Karin G.
Published: January 2024

In most species of moths, the female produces and releases a volatile sex pheromone from a specific gland to attract a mate. Biosynthesis of the most common type of moth sex pheromone component (Type 1) involves de novo synthesis of hexadecanoate (16:Acyl), followed by modification to various fatty acyl intermediates, then reduction to a primary alcohol, which may be acetylated or oxidized to produce an acetate ester or aldehyde, respectively. Our previous work on the moth Chloridea virescens (Noctuidae) showed that females produce 90% of the major pheromone component, (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16:Ald), via a direct and rapid route of de novo biosynthesis with highly labile intermediates, and ca. 10% from an indirect route that likely mobilizes a pre-synthesized 16-carbon skeleton, possibly, (Z)-11-hexadecenoate (Z11-16:Acyl) or hexadecanoate (16:Acyl). In this paper, we use stable isotope tracer/tracee techniques to study the dynamics of the precursor alcohol (Z)-11-hexadecenol (Z11-16:OH) and stores of Z11-16:Acyl and 16:Acyl to determine their roles in biosynthesis of Z11-16:Ald. We found: (i) that intracellular Z11-16:OH is synthesized at roughly the same rate as Z11-16:Ald, indicating that translocation and oxidation of this moiety does not rate limit biosynthesis of Z11-16:Ald, (ii) intracellular Z11-16:OH consists of two pools, a highly labile one rapidly translocated out of the cell and converted to Z11-16:Ald, and a less labile one that mostly remains in gland cells, (iii) during pheromone biosynthesis, net stores of Z11-16:Acyl increase, suggesting it is not the source of Z11-16:ald produced by the indirect route, and (iv) no evidence for the gland synthesizing stored 16:Acyl prior to (up to 2 days before eclosion), or after, synthesis of pheromone commenced, suggesting the bulk of this stored moiety is synthesized elsewhere and transported to the gland prior to gland maturation. Thus, the pheromone gland of C. virescens produces very little stored fat over its functional lifetime, being optimized to produce sex pheromone.
Geospatial approach to analyse the impact of urban development on the urban heat island in Hisar city, Western Haryana, India
Authors: Kumar Surender Kumar Dr. Surender , Ripudaman Ripudaman Dr.
Published: January 2024

The significant influence of urban development on land surface temperature (LST) was always evident. Here, a study of the temperature increases in Hisar city from 1991 to 2022 was conducted using Landsat data. The extent of thermal comfort in Hisar based on the urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI) was also evaluated. A land-use change map was used to calculate land-cover change, the NDVI was used to calculate vegetation coverage, and the NDBI was used to assess building cover. Over time, the UHI effect over Hisar city has significantly increased. It was found that built-up areas greatly affected the LST, especially at greater built-up densities. From 1991 to 2022, the minimum LST increased from 17.02°C to 37.40°C. Additionally, the highest temperature in 2022 increased to 47.24°C from 30.00°C in 1991. An inverse correlation was found between the LST and NDVI, which indicates that greenery has a debilitating effect on urban temperatures. However, the NDBI and LST, are positively correlated, indicating that urbanization intensifies the LST and causes the creation of urban heat islands (UHIs). The level of comfort for urban residents decreased during 1991–2022. Thus, urban heat management and sustainable city development require proper heat action plans.
Compact spaces homeomorphic to their respective squares
Authors: Dudák Jan , Vejnar Benjamin
Published: January 2024

We deal with topological spaces homeomorphic to their respective squares. Primarily, we investigate the existence of large families of such spaces in some subclasses of compact metrizable spaces. As our main result we show that there is a family of size continuum of pairwise non-homeomorphic compact metrizable zero-dimensional spaces homeomorphic to their respective squares. This answers a question of W. J. Charatonik. We also discuss the situation in the classes of continua, Peano continua and absolute retracts.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 54E45, Secondary 54F15 and 54F99.
An improved disjunctive graph and deep reinforcement learning for FJSP
Authors: Shao Changshun , Yu Zhenglin , Tang Jianyin , Zhou Bin , Ding Hongchang , Ding Kaifang
Published: January 2024

In the current industrial manufacturing environment, the flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSP), which is an extension of the job shop scheduling problem, holds significant research significance. While intelligent algorithms are commonly used to solve the FJSP problem, this paper proposes the use of reinforcement learning algorithms. The FJSP is first transformed into a Markov decision process, and an improved FJSP disjunction graph structure is introduced. Subsequently, 8 state features are designed, and a combination of gated attention network and multi-layer perceptron is employed to extract these features. For the decision-making processes of FJSP, a 3-tuple is designed as the action space. Finally, a reward function is formulated to optimize the objective of minimizing the maximum makespan. The training algorithm utilizes the Advantage Actor-Critic algorithm to establish an end-to-end deep reinforcement learning framework. Experimental results demonstrate that this algorithm exhibits significant advantages in terms of FJSP solution quality and efficiency. In conclusion, the reinforcement learning method proposed in this article presents a novel approach to address the FJSP problem and holds promising application prospects.
Interprofessional Care: an Approach to Enhance Care for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders by Enhancing Interprofessional Competencies
Authors: Nagelli Sunitha Solomon , M Ciraj A , Nayak Baby S , Noronha Judith Angelitta , Jose Tessy Treesa , Ladd Elissa , N Ravishankar , N Shashidhara Y , George Anice
Published: January 2024

Interprofessional collaborative practice is an essential component of healthcare delivery, to address the many health conditions that require a multidisciplinary approach to care. The formation of an interprofessional team that can work together utilizing interprofessional competencies is needed to perform the function seamlessly. Interprofessional education is essential to develop a “practice-ready workforce”.
This study is aimed at designing and validating an interprofessional education module to integrate and improve interprofessional competencies among students of healthcare professions to care for children with autism.
This quasi experimental study was done among 49 students from four different healthcare professions courses. The module was prepared using scientific methods and implemented among the selected healthcare professions students. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires and an observation checklist. Using the mean, frequency and percentage, and t-test, data were analysed.
There was a significantly noticeable increase in the knowledge (pre-test mean 9.43 ± 2.92; post-test mean 12.27 ± 2.98) and competency (pre-test mean 76.98 ± 7.55; post-test mean 91.88 ± 5.31) scores with a moderately positive correlation between knowledge and competencies (p ≥ 0.05). The competency observation also showed an increase in the level of competency attained by the students. The study also aligned with the promotion of Sustainable Developmental Goals 3 “good health and well-being”, 4 “quality education” and 17 “partnerships for the goals”.
The preparation and application of the module is essential to augment the interprofessional competencies of students. The study showed that the prepared module on interprofessional care for children with autism was successful in improving the interprofessional competencies of the healthcare professions students.
Trial Registration Number
CTRI/2020/03/023838
An advanced IVB lung adenocarcinoma patient with KRAS mutations, benefited from camrelizumab combined with anti- angiogenic agents for therapy: a case report
Authors: 王 丽 , Wu Jiaqi , Shao Ping , Bao Wuping , Ma Cui , Mao Lin , Pan Zhendong , Bao Aihua , Zhang Min , Wu Zhenghua , Fan Guorong
Published: January 2024

Purpose
Although the presence of Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) mutations predicts of a lack of benefit from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy for none small cell cancer (NSCLC), it may be more sensitive to programmed combination therapy with cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors + anti-angiogenesis. Recent treatment guidelines and clinical studies related to adenocarcinoma in NSCLC have indicated that in patients with inoperable stage IV lung adenocarcinoma, immune checkpoint inhibitors in combination with anti-angiogenic drugs may exert a synergistic effect and significantly improve the efficacy of near-term treatment, but quantification and long-term follow-up of specific clinical indicators are still lacking. No previous cases of long-term good results with camrelizumab combined with anti-angiogenic agents for KRAS-mutated NSCLC have been described.
Methods
This manuscript reports a case where patients with advanced NSCLC with pleural effusion and KRAS mutations treated poorly with conventional chemotherapy had long-term (more than 18 months) benefit with immunotherapy combined with an anti-angiogenic inhibitor. In this case, pharmaceutical care of the patient was carried out through therapeutic drug adjustment, compliance, efficacy assessment, and safety evaluation to provide a reference for improving the efficacy and safety of drug therapy in clinical practice.
Results
As of the last follow-up date (December 2023), overall survival was 27 months and the patient is currently in good general condition with no significant complaints of discomfort.
Conclusion
ICLs in combination with antiangiogenic therapy may be a therapeutic option for patients with KRAS mutations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer with good persistence.
Presumably BiOS-induced zooplankton invasion from the western Mediterranean to the east, eventually introduced by Acartia (Hypoacartia) adriatica (Crustacea: Copepoda)
Authors: Duman Güler Sıla , Mutlu Erhan , Kurt Tuba Terbıyık , Karaca Doğukan , Uysal Zahit
Published: January 2024

Mediterranean is well-known of its’ rich biodiversity among the semi-enclosed seas which was affected from atmospheric-sea interactions coupled with globally ocean oscillations and El Nino as well as from the basin-wise decadal Bimodal Oscillating System (BiOS) and the Atlantic rim current. Besides invasion of non-indigenous species (NIS) in Levant Sea, to the Turkish coastal water recent introduction of Mediterranean indigenous species (IS) which are common in West Mediterranean and Adriatic Sea is noteworthy to mention. Introductions through BIOS may put extra burden on the ecosystem of the Levant Sea which is already threatened by NIS invasions. During a study on mesozooplankton distribution along the Turkish Mediterranean coastal waters in summer 2019, one calanoid copepod species, Acartia (Hypoacartia) adriatica which is widely distributed in Italian coasts was identified for the first time for the Levant Sea and found numerous at one of 67 sampling stations in the study area. Furthermore, abundances of five phytoplankton species (two of them common in Adriatic Sea) were estimated to be 50 to 100 fold higher at this particular station compared to the rest of the stations. Physicochemical (relatively lower salinity and unusual high nutrient levels for the summer period in Levantine basin) and biological properties of this single station fell apart from the neighboring stations. Near-past records (17 gelatinous specimens recorded in the Turkish seas in 2019-2020; all species present in West Mediterranean Sea) of other specimens were harmonized as a consequence of the BiOS. The present study suggests that i) zooplankton may have been transported to this region by a different mechanism rather than well-known routes and vectors (Suez Canal, ship ballast water and aquaculture), ii) the BiOS may be another vector for new species introductions into Levant Sea, and iii) between-sea-to-sea introduction of NIS or IS could not be ignored for their effects on already established ecosystem specific to Mediterranean.
The role of Outside Directors in Tunnelling-related Tax Avoidance: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Fletcher Marie Margaret , Falbo Teza Deasvery
Published: January 2024

Indonesia relies heavily on taxation revenues thus tax avoidance in corporations needs to be minimised. We explore the relationship between tax avoidance and tunnelling, and specifically whether the presence of outside directors as board members affects this relationship by examining a sample of non-cyclical consumer firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2016 to 2020. When the tunnelling approach is used through normal business operations, we find that tax avoidance enables tunnelling activities, which benefit the controlling shareholders. Tax avoidance affects tunnelling in three ways: by providing additional cash flow from tax savings that can be tunnelled to controlling shareholders, by creating accounting opacity from the complex tax strategies that can obscure the tunnelling activities, and by using the related party transactions for both tax avoidance and tunnelling purposes. The results further show that the existence of outside directors as part of the governance mechanism can moderate the tax avoidance-tunnelling relationship.
Uncovering High Average Utility Rare Itemsets in Uncertain Databases
Authors: S Nandhini S , S Kannimuthu
Published: January 2024

High Utility Itemset Mining (HUIM) is very crucial mining process in the field of data mining because of its wide range applications apart from market analysis. But HUIM often mines lengthier itemsets as high utility itemset though it is not and the shorter valuable itemsets are left unidentified. High Average Utility Itemset Mining (HAUIM) overcomes the drawback of HUIM and mines the valuable itemsets based on their true values rather than getting affected because of the length or the number of items in the itemset. The proposed algorithm, mines High Average Utility Rare Itemset using the Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm (HAURI-MOEA/D) based on the decomposition technique. Mining rate itemset holds an important insight in many applications like detecting anomalies, market differentiation, healthcare, scientific research and much more. This work aims at mining such unique rate itemsets with high average utility from the uncertain database. The uncertainty in the database here refers to the dynamic nature of the utility associated with each unique item in the dataset. In real world data, the utility of the items will vary time to time and the same has been considered as uncertainty in this work. The proposed algorithm is compared with other multi-objective algorithms to mine rare HAUIs and it is proved that the proposed algorithm performs well in terms of Hypervolume, Coverage and Generational Distance.
Two case reports of a novel missense mutation in the PNPLA6 gene in two siblings with chorioretinal dystrophy, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and cerebellar ataxia.
Authors: Liampas Andreas , Nicolaou Paschalis , Votsi Christina , Georghiou Anthi , Christodoulou Kyproula , Tanteles George A , Pantzaris Marios
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND
Boucher Neuhäuser Syndrome (BNS) is a rare disease with autosomal recessive inheritance defined by the classical triad; early-onset ataxia, hypogonadism and chorioretinal dystrophy.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present two siblings diagnosed with BNS at midlife, identified with homozygous state of a novel PNPLA6 missense mutation. One healthy sibling and the mother were heterozygous carriers of the mutation. The proband presented with the classical triad and the other sibling presented with visual problems at first. The proband was referred to our department by a private Neurologist, at early adulthood, because of hypogonadism, cerebellar ataxia, axonal neuropathy and chorioretinal dystrophy for further evaluation. The sibling was referred to our department for evaluation, at childhood, due to visual problems. Later, the patient displayed the triad of ataxia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and chorioretinal dystrophy. The unusual medical history of two siblings led to further examinations and eventually the diagnosis of the first BNS cases in Cyprus. WES-based ataxia in silico gene panel analysis revealed 15 genetic variants, and further filtering analysis revealed the PNPLA6 c.3323G>A variant. Segregation analysis in the family with Sanger sequencing confirmed the PNPLA6 homozygous variant c.3323G>A, p.Arg1108Gln in exon 29.
COONCLUSIONS
This highlights the importance of considering rare inherited causes of visual loss, spinocerebellar ataxia or/ and HH in a neurology clinic and the significant role of genetic sequencing in diagnostic process.
Because We Love You (BeWeL): A protocol for a randomized controlled trial of two brief interventions focused on social and cultural connectedness to reduce risk for suicide and substance misuse in young Alaska Native people
Authors: Rasmus Stacy , D'Amico Elizabeth J. , Allen James , Nation Cynthia , John Simeon , Joseph Victor , Rodriguez Anthony , Alvarado Gaby , Gittens Allyson D. , Palimaru Alina I. , Brown Ryan A. , Kennedy David P. , Woodward Michael J. , Parker Jennifer , McDonald Keisha
Published: January 2024

Background
Suicide among young people in Alaska Native (AN) communities was nearly unheard of through the establishment of statehood in 1959, but in the 1970s, AN suicide rates began to double every five years, with most of the increase due to suicide among 15 to 25-year-olds. From 1960–1995, the suicide rate increased by approximately 500% during this period of rapid, imposed social transition. For example, families were forced to live in settlements and children were sent to boarding schools. These disruptions increased conditions associated with suicide risk (e.g., substance use disorders, cultural disconnection), and challenged the community-level social safety net of youth protective factors that might have moderated effects of these traumas. The present study addresses the significant gap in culturally appropriate evidence-based programming to address suicide prevention among AN young people as part of aftercare. Our key research questions and methodology have been informed by AN stakeholders, and the intervention approach is Indigenous-led.
Methods
Our interventions are targeted toward Alaska Native young people ages 14–24 who present with suicide attempt, ideation, or associated risk behaviors, including alcohol-related injury in the Yukon-Kuskokwim region or the Interior. In a randomized controlled trial, 14-24-year-old AN individuals will receive either BeWeL (n = 185), which comprises a 45-minute virtual cultural talk addressing family and ancestral strengths and increasing protective factors, or BeWeL plus motivational interviewing with social networks, which includes an additional 15 minutes focused on discussion of the individual’s social networks (n = 185). We will evaluate intervention effects on primary outcomes of suicide-intent risk, depression, anxiety, frequency of alcohol use, and alcohol consequences. Some of our secondary outcomes include individual and community protective factors, social networks, and awareness of connectedness.
Discussion
This project has the potential to expand the range and effectiveness of suicide prevention services for AN young people and will help meet the need in Alaska to link clinical behavioral health services to AN community-based networks, and to engage local cultural resources in aftercare for individuals at risk for suicide. Findings have potential to provide practical information to advance the field of suicide prevention and enhance protective factors and resiliency among this population.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05360888
Counter-ion adsorption and electrostatic potential in sodium and choline dodecyl sulfate micelles - a molecular dynamics simulation study
Authors: Eliasquevici Rafaela , Bernardino Kalil
Published: January 2024

Context Choline-based surfactants are interesting both from the practical point of view to obtaining environmental-friendly surfactants as well as from the theoretical side since the interactions between the choline and surfactants can help to understand self-assembly phenomena in deep eutectic solvents. Although no significant change was noticed in the micelle size and shape due to the exchange of the sodium counterion by choline in our simulations, the adsorption of the choline cation over the micelle surface is stronger than the adsorption of the sodium, which leads to a reduction of the exposed surface area of the micelle and remarkable effects over the electrostatic potential. The choline neutralizes the surface charge of the surfactant better than sodium, however, this is partially compensated by a stronger water orientation around SDS micelle. The balance between the contributions from the surfactant, the counterion and water to the electrostatic potential leads to a complex pattern with alternate regions of positive and negative potential at the micelle/water interface which can be important to the incorporation of other charged species at the micelle surface as well as for the interaction between micelles in solution.
Methods To evaluate the effects of the counterion substitution, micelles of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and choline dodecyl sulfate (ChDS) were studied and compared by means of molecular dynamics simulations in aqueous solution. In both cases, the simulations started from pre-assembled micelles with 60 dodecyl sulfate ions and 240 ns simulations were performed at NPT ensemble at T = 323.15 K and P = 1 bar using the Gromacs software with the OPLS-AA force field to describe dodecyl-sulfate and choline, Åqvist parameters for sodium and SPC model for water molecules.
Simulation System for Indoor Lighting Environment Space Design Based on Optical Remote Sensors
Authors: Liang Shuli , Sun Xiyan
Published: January 2024

This article introduces the design and research process of the indoor lighting environment space design simulation system. From its composition, it is mainly divided into databases and indoor lighting software. The database system can provide supporting data for indoor lighting software, and the indoor lighting software includes multiple parts such as scene modeling and lighting calculation. With the help of the application program interface, the database achieves the transmission of data to the indoor lighting software, and then further completes the calculation of lighting through the indoor lighting software. In view of this, this article mainly explores and analyzes the model construction of optical remote sensors and the design model system of indoor lighting environment space. In addition, this article also uses three simulation models for optical imaging, namely ray tracing model, modulation transfer function model, and point spread function model, as effective research objects. Then, modulation transfer function and point spread function models are selected for comprehensive comparison to identify their advantages and disadvantages, and the two are used as the basis for the simulation model in this article. Through experiments, it was found that after modeling and simulating optical remote sensors, a variety of simulated images can be obtained. By using optical remote sensing image processing technology, a lot of useful information can be extracted, ultimately achieving diversified application effects of optical remote sensing images.
Oxovanadium(IV) Salicylidene Glycine Complex with Phenanthroline as Co-ligand: Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Catalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange with H 2 O 2
Authors: Medhi Tanaya , Alom Zahangir , Kalita Alok Ch , Gogoi Anshuman
Published: January 2024

A Schiff base oxido vanadium complex derived from glycine and salicylaldehyde with phenanthroline as co-ligand viz. [VO(salgly)(phen)].4H2O (1) (where salgly = Schiff base derived from salicylaldehyde and glycine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) was synthesized under ambient conditions. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, UV-vis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The structure of the complex was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The asymmetric unit of complex 1 consists of two crystallographically unique V(IV) centers along with four water molecules of crystallization. The crystal packing of 1 is stabilized by π∙∙∙π stacking and C-H∙∙∙O hydrogen bonding interactions. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the complex was carried to determine its thermal stability. Moreover, complex 1 showed good catalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange (MO) in presence of hydrogen peroxide.