bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Orbit Determination of High-Earth-Orbit Satellites by Satellite Laser Ranging
Authors: Oh Hyungjik , Park Eunseo , Lim Hyung-Chul , Lee Sang-Ryool , Choi Jae-Dong , Park Chandeok
Published: January 2024

This study presents the application of satellite laser ranging (SLR) to orbit determination (OD) of high-Earth-orbit (HEO) satellites. Two HEO satellites are considered: the Quasi-Zenith Satellite-1 (QZS-1), a Japanese elliptical-inclinedgeosynchronous-orbit (EIGSO) satellite, and the Compass-G1, a Chinese geostationary-orbit (GEO) satellite. One week of normal point (NP) data were collected for each satellite to perform the OD based on the batch least-square process. Five SLR tracking stations successfully obtained 374 NPs for QZS-1 in eight days, whereas only two ground tracking stations could track Compass-G1, yielding 68 NPs in ten days. Two types of station bias estimation and a station data weighting strategy were utilized for the OD of QZS-1. The post-fit root-mean-square (RMS) residuals of the two week-long arcs were 11.98 cm and 10.77 cm when estimating the biases once in an arc (MBIAS). These residuals were decreased significantly to 2.40 cm and 3.60 cm by estimating the biases every pass (PBIAS). Then, the resultant OD precision was evaluated by the orbit overlap method, yielding three-dimensional errors of 55.013 m with MBIAS and 1.962 m with PBIAS for the overlap period of six days. For the OD of Compass-G1, no station weighting strategy was applied, and only MBIAS was utilized due to the lack of NPs. The post-fit RMS residuals of OD were 8.81 cm and 12.00 cm with 49 NPs and 47 NPs, respectively, and the corresponding threedimensional orbit overlap error for four days was 160.564 m. These results indicate that the amount of SLR tracking data is critical for obtaining precise OD of HEO satellites using SLR because additional parameters, such as station bias, are available for estimation with sufficient tracking data. Furthermore, the stand-alone SLR-based orbit solution is consistently attainable for HEO satellites if a target satellite is continuously trackable for a specific period.
The Interaction Between Accretion from the Interstellar Medium and Accretion from the Evolved Binary Component in Barium Stars
Authors: Jeong Yeuncheol , Yushchenko Alexander V. , Doikov Dmytry N.
Published: January 2024

The reanalysis of the previously published abundance pattern of mild barium star HD202109 (ζ Cyg) and the chemical compositions of 129 thin disk barium stars facilitated the search for possible correlations of different stellar parameters with second ionization potentials of chemical elements. Results show that three valuable correlations exist in the atmospheres of barium stars. The first is the relationship between relative abundances and second ionization potentials. The second is the age dependence of mean correlation coefficients of relative abundances vs. second ionization potentials, and the third one is the changes in correlation coefficients of relative abundances vs. second ionization potentials as a function of stellar spatial velocities and overabundances of s-process elements. These findings demonstrate the possibility of hydrogen and helium accretion from the interstellar medium on the atmospheres of barium stars.
Performance Analysis of Ranging Techniques for the KPLO Mission
Authors: Park Sungjoon , Moon Sangman
Published: January 2024

In this study, the performance of ranging techniques for the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) space communication system is investigated. KPLO is the first lunar mission of Korea, and pseudo-noise (PN) ranging will be used to support the mission along with sequential ranging. We compared the performance of both ranging techniques using the criteria of accuracy, acquisition probability, and measurement time. First, we investigated the end-to-end accuracy error of a ranging technique incorporating all sources of errors such as from ground stations and the spacecraft communication system. This study demonstrates that increasing the clock frequency of the ranging system is not required when the dominant factor of accuracy error is independent of the thermal noise of the ranging technique being used in the system. Based on the understanding of ranging accuracy, the measurement time of PN and sequential ranging are further investigated and compared, while both techniques satisfied the accuracy and acquisition requirements. We demonstrated that PN ranging performed better than sequential ranging in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime where KPLO will be operating, and we found that the T2B (weighted-voting balanced Tausworthe, voting v = 2) code is the best choice among the PN codes available for the KPLO mission.
Pacific Equatorial Sea Surface Temperature Variation During the 2015 El Niño Period Observed by Advanced Very-High-Resolution Radiometer of NOAA Satellites
Authors: Lee Seongsuk , Yi Yu
Published: January 2024

El Niño is the largest fluctuation in the climate system, and it can lead to effects influencing humans all over the world. An El Niño occurs when sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean become substantially higher than average. We investigated the change in sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean during the El Niño period of 2015 and 2016 using the advanced very-high-resolution radiometer (AVHRR) of NOAA Satellites. We calculated anomalies of the Pacific equatorial sea surface temperature for the normal period of 1981–2010 to identify the variation of the 2015 El Niño and warm water area. Generally, the warm water in the western tropical Pacific Ocean shifts eastward along the equator toward the coast of South America during an El Niño period. However, we identified an additional warm water region in the Niño 1+2 and Peru coastal area. This indicates that there are other factors that increase the sea surface temperature. In the future, we will study the heat coming from the bottom of the sea to understand the origin of the heat transport of the Pacific Ocean.
Latitudinal Distribution of Sunspot and North-South Asymmetry Revisited
Authors: Chang Heon-Young
Published: January 2024

The solar magnetic field plays a central role in the field of solar research, both theoretically and practically. Sunspots are an important observational constraint since they are considered a discernable tracer of emerged magnetic flux tubes, providing the longest running records of solar magnetic activity. In this presentation, we first review the statistical properties of the latitudinal distribution of sunspots and discuss their implications. The phase difference between paired wings of the butterfly diagram has been revealed. Sunspots seem to emerge with the exponential distribution on top of slowly varying trends by periods of ~11 years, which is considered multiplicative rather than additive. We also present a concept for the center-oflatitude (COL) and its use. With this, one may sort out a traditional butterfly diagram and find new features. It is found that the centroid of the COL does not migrate monotonically toward the equator, appearing to form an ‘active latitude’. Furthermore, distributions of the COL as a function of latitude depend on solar activity and the solar North-South asymmetry. We believe that these findings serve as crucial diagnostic tools for any potential model of the solar dynamo. Finally, we find that as the Sun modulates the amount of observed galactic cosmic ray influx, the solar North-South asymmetry seems to contribute to the relationship between the solar variability and terrestrial climate change.
Fast, Upward, Long-Lasting, Transit Echoes as an Evidence of New-Type of Meteor-Trail Leader Discharge in the Summer Polar Upper Mesosphere
Authors: Lee Young-Sook , Kirkwood Sheila , Kwak Young-Sil
Published: January 2024

Non-specular, vertically upward transit, fast-moving radar echoes are observed in the summer polar upper mesosphere near 90 km using 52 MHz VHF radar at Esrange, Sweden. By resolving maximum echo power movement, the unusual meteor trails propagate vertically upward with taking horizontal displacements at an initial speed of 10 km/s exponentially decreasing with increasing height from 85-89 km, lasting for 3.5 sec. Another upward transit is observed as following a downward transit echo target in about ~1 sec, lasting over 5 sec. The upward motion cannot be explained with the dynamics of penetrating meteors or by atmospheric dynamics. The observation proposes that secondary produced plasma jets occurring from meteor trail are possibly responsible for upward fast moving echoes. The long-lasting (3-5 sec), ascending meteor trails at speeds of a few 104 m/s are distinctive from any previous occurrences of meteors or upper atmospheric electrical discharges in the aspect of long-lasting upward/downward motions. This result possibly suggests a new type of meteor-trail leader discharge occurring in the summer polar upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere.
Flight Dynamics and Navigation for Planetary Missions in Korea: Past Efforts, Recent Status, and Future Preparations
Authors: Song Young-Joo , Lee Donghun , Bae Jonghee , Kim Young-Rok , Choi Su-Jin
Published: January 2024

In spite of a short history of only 30 years in space development, Korea has achieved outstanding space development capabilities, and became the 11th member of the “Space Club” in 2013 by launching its own satellites with its own launch vehicle from a local space center. With the successful development and operation of more than 10 earth-orbiting satellites since 1999, Korea is now rapidly expanding its own aspirations to outer space exploration. Unlike earth-orbiting missions, planetary missions are more demanding of well-rounded technological capabilities, specifically trajectory design, analysis, and navigation. Because of the importance of relevant technologies, the Korean astronautical society devoted significant efforts to secure these basic technologies from the early 2000s. This paper revisits the numerous efforts conducted to date, specifically regarding flight dynamics and navigation technology, to prepare for future upcoming planetary missions in Korea. However, sustained efforts are still required to realize such challenging planetary missions, and efforts to date will significantly advance the relevant Korean technological capabilities.
Ground-based Observations of the Polar Region Space Environment at the Jang Bogo Station, Antarctica
Authors: Kwon Hyuck-Jin , Lee Changsup , Jee Geonhwa , Ham Young-Bae , Kim Jeong-Han , Kim Yong Ha , Kim Khan-Hyuk , Wu Qian , Bullett Terence , Oh Suyeon , Kwak Young-Sil
Published: January 2024

Jang Bogo Station (JBS), the second Korean Antarctic research station, was established in Terra Nova Bay, Antarctica (74.62°S 164.22°E) in February 2014 in order to expand the Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI) research capabilities. One of the main research areas at JBS is space environmental research. The goal of the research is to better understand the general characteristics of the polar region ionosphere and thermosphere and their responses to solar wind and the magnetosphere. Ground-based observations at JBS for upper atmospheric wind and temperature measurements using the Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) began in March 2014. Ionospheric radar (VIPIR) measurements have been collected since 2015 to monitor the state of the polar ionosphere for electron density height profiles, horizontal density gradients, and ion drifts. To investigate the magnetosphere and geomagnetic field variations, a search-coil magnetometer and vector magnetometer were installed in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Since JBS is positioned in an ideal location for auroral observations, we installed an auroral all-sky imager with a color sensor in January 2018 to study substorms as well as auroras. In addition to these observations, we are also operating a proton auroral imager, airglow imager, global positioning system total electron content (GPS TEC)/scintillation monitor, and neutron monitor in collaboration with other institutes. In this article, we briefly introduce the observational activities performed at JBS and the preliminary results of these observations.
Evaluation of the KASI Detector Performance Test System Using an Andor iKon M CCD Camera
Authors: Yu Young Sam , Kim Jinsol , Park Chan , Jeong Woong-Seob , Kim Minjin , Choi Seonghwan , Park Sung-Joon
Published: January 2024

The characterization of detectors installed in space- and ground-based instruments is important to evaluate the system performance. We report the development of a detector performance test system for astronomical applications using the Andor iKon M CCD camera. The performance test system consists of a light source, monochromator, integrating sphere, and power meters. We adopted the Czerny–Tuner monochromator with three ruled gratings and one mirror, which covers a spectral range of 200–9,000 nm with a spectral resolution of ~1 nm in the visible region. Various detector characteristics, such as the quantum efficiency, sensitivity, and noise, can be measured in wide wavelength ranges from the visible to mid-infrared regions. We evaluated the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) detector performance test system by using the performance verification of the Andor iKon-M CCD camera. The test procedure includes measurements of the conversion gain (2.86 e−/ADU), full well capacity (130 K e−), nonlinearity, and pixel defects. We also estimated the read noise, dark current, and quantum efficiency as a function of the temperature. The lowest measured read noise is 12 e−. The dark current at 223 K was determined to be 7 e−/s/pix and its doubling temperature is 5.3°C ± 0.2°C at an activation energy of 0.6 eV. The maximum quantum efficiency at 223 K was estimated to be 93 % ± 2 %. We proved that the quantum efficiency is sensitive to the operating temperature. It varies up to 5 % in the visible region, while the variation increases to 30 % in the near-infrared region. Based on the comparison of our results with the test report by the vendor, we conclude that our performance test results are consistent with those from the vendor considering the test environment. We also confirmed that the KASI detector performance test system is reliable and our measurement method and analysis are accurate.
Analysis of Inter-satellite Ranging Precision for Gravity Recovery in a Satellite Gravimetry Mission
Authors: Kim Pureum , Park Sang-Young , Kang Dae-Eun , Lee Youngro
Published: January 2024

In a satellite gravimetry mission similar to GRACE, the precision of inter-satellite ranging is one of the key factors affecting the quality of gravity field recovery. In this paper, the impact of ranging precision on the accuracy of recovered geopotential coefficients is analyzed. Simulated precise orbit determination (POD) data and inter-satellite range data of formation-flying satellites containing white noise were generated, and geopotential coefficients were recovered from these simulated data sets using the crude acceleration approach. The accuracy of the recovered coefficients was quantitatively compared between data sets encompassing different ranging precisions. From this analysis, a rough prediction of the accuracy of geopotential coefficients could be obtained from the hypothetical mission. For a given POD precision, a ranging measurement precision that matches the POD precision was determined. Since the purpose of adopting inter-satellite ranging in a gravimetry mission is to overcome the imprecision of determining orbits, ranging measurements should be more precise than POD. For that reason, it can be concluded that this critical ranging precision matching the POD precision can serve as the minimum precision requirement for an on-board ranging device. Although the result obtained herein is about a very particular case, this methodology can also be applied in cases where different parameters are used.
Performing animality
Authors: Manuel Pedro
Published: January 2024

Considering performances with animals such as Going to the Dogs (Wim T. Schippers, 1986), Octavio and I (Linda Molenaar, 2010), Performances for Pets (Juurak/ Bailey 2014) and A Performance With an Ocean View (for a Dog) (Kokkonnen, 2008), I argue that these works illustrate three emergent effects of performing with animals: challenging a binary and exclusionary view of co-presence in performance; determining a modification of the performer’s interaction with a non- human animal audience; reversing the humanization of the animal, by rehearsing an animalization of human agency.
Alípio Padilha: a liberdade das imagens pelos limites do corpo e do movimento
Authors: Figueiredo Filipe , Magalhães Paula Gomes
Published: January 2024

Portefólio dedicado ao trabalho de Alípio Padilha.
O fabuloso e "inquietante" mundo das marionetas e formas animadas
Authors: Magalhães Paula Gomes
Published: January 2024

Recensão crítica ao livro Marionetas e Formas Animadas: Teorias e Práticas, coordenado por Miguel Falcão e Catarina Firmo.
PERFINST
Authors: Madeira Cláudia
Published: January 2024

Recensão crítica ao livro KARNART PER PERFINST KARNART INST PERFINST, coordenado por Rita Martins e Luís Castro.
Reflexões a partir da leitura do livro de Ana Pais: Quem tem medo das emoções?
Authors: André João Maria
Published: January 2024

Recensão crítica ao livro Quem tem medo das emoções, de Ana Pais.
Immunological features of acute cytomegalovirus infection in immunocompetent patients
Authors: Dotsenko M. L. , Fomina E. G. , Hutsaliuk I. Ya. , Grigorieva E. E.
Published: January 2024

Objective. To identify and evaluate immunological features in immunocompetent patients with acute cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI).Materials and methods. Thirty-three immunocompetent adult patients with acute cytomegalovirus infection were included in the study; 4 of them had thrombotic complications. The control group consisted of 10 healthy donors. All 33 blood samples were tested by flow cytometry. The content of antigen-specific cells was checked in all patients. Results. All patients had positive cytomegalovirus DNA PCR tests. The content of activated T cells in patients with acute CMV infection and thrombotic complications is 7.7 times higher (p < 0.001) than in conditionally healthy patients (median values: 36.02% (31.01; 47.92) and 4.68% (3.39; 5.25), respectively). The content of granulocytic myeloid suppressor cells (G-MLSC) in patients with acute CMV infection and thrombosis exceeds the same indicator in the group of healthy volunteers by 8.3 times (p < 0.001) (median values were 0.38% (0.24; 0.54) and 0.05% (0.03; 0.07) respectively). The number of regulatory T cells in patients with acute CMV infection and thrombosis was reduced by 3.1 times (p < 0.001) compared to the same indicator in the group of healthy volunteers (median indicators: 0.79% (0.57; 1.09) and 2.45% (2.01; 3.86), respectively). Immunophenotyping of CD3+ cells showed a tendency to increase the proportion of more mature cells, namely effector memory cells (TEM) and terminally differentiated memory cells (TEM RA) with a decrease in the percentage of “naive” cells.Conclusion. A high level of antigen-specific T-cell response and a low content of T-regulatory cells may indicate insufficient control of the proliferation of T-cytotoxic lymphocytes, which may contribute to the long-term persistence of the virus and the development of chronic inflammation of the vessel wall, which requires further study. Thus, in patients with acute CMV infection, an additional risk factor for thrombosis appears, which must be taken into account when carrying out therapeutic and diagnostic measures.
Área plantada, produtividade e produção de culturas agrícolas no Brasil: aveia, arroz, cevada, milho e sorgo
Authors: Fernandes Marilaine de Sá , Moraes Gabriela Rodrigues , Vitor Geovana Leão Martins , Rezende Heitor Araújo , Silva Jefferson Primo Pereira , Schenke João Alfredo de Carvalho , Costa Nicoly de Jesus , Noetzold Patrick Pereira , Veronez Ricardo Vilela de Sousa , Alves Júnior Wilmar Pereira
Published: January 2024

A agricultura é a base da civilização humana. Desde os primórdios da história, a capacidade de cultivar alimentos tem sido crucial para o desenvolvimento e o progresso das sociedades. Hoje, mais do que nunca, a agronomia desempenha um papel fundamental na garantia da segurança alimentar global e na gestão sustentável dos recursos naturais. Este livro é uma exploração abrangente do campo da agronomia, projetado para atender às necessidades de estudantes, profissionais e entusiastas dessa ciência vital. Ele se baseia em décadas de pesquisa e prática, fornecendo uma visão aprofundada dos princípios e técnicas que sustentam a produção agrícola moderna. Nosso objetivo ao escrever este livro foi fornecer um recurso acessível e abrangente para estudantes que estão entrando no campo da agronomia, bem como para profissionais experientes que desejam aprimorar suas habilidades e conhecimentos. Cada capítulo foi elaborado com o intuito de equilibrar a teoria com a aplicação prática, tornando-o um guia útil e valioso para qualquer pessoa interessada em melhorar a produção de alimentos e a sustentabilidade agrícola.
Short-term source apportionment of fine particulate matter with time-dependent profiles using SoFi Pro: exploring the reliability of rolling positive matrix factorization (PMF) applied to bihourly molecular and elemental tracer data
Authors: Wang Qiongqiong , Zhu Shuhui , Wang Shan , Huang Cheng , Duan Yusen , Yu Jian Zhen
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) has been widely used to apportion the sources of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) by utilizing PM chemical speciation data measured at the receptor site(s). Traditional PMF, which typically relies on long-term observational datasets of daily or lower time resolution to meet the required sample size, has its reliability undermined by changes in source profiles; thus, it is inherently ill-suited for apportioning sporadic sources or ephemeral pollution events. In this study, we explored short-term source apportionment of PM2.5 using a set of bihourly chemical speciation data over a period of 37 d in the winter of 2019–2020. PMF run with campaign-wide data as input (PMFref) was initially conducted to obtain reference profiles for the primary source factors. Subsequently, short-term PMF analysis was performed using the Source Finder Professional (SoFi Pro). The analysis sets a window length of 18 d and constrained the primary source profiles using the a-value approach embedded in SoFi Pro software. Rolling PMF was then conducted with a fixed window length of 18 d and a step of 1 d using the remaining dataset. By applying the a-value constraints to the primary sources, the rolling PMF effectively reproduced the individual primary sources, as evidenced by the slope values close to unity (i.e., 0.9–1.0). However, the estimation for the firework emission factor in the rolling PMF was lower compared with PMFref (slope: 0.8). These results suggest the unique advantage of short-term PMF analysis in accurately apportioning sporadic sources. Although the total secondary sources were well modeled (slope: 1.0), larger biases were observed for individual secondary sources. The variation in source profiles indicated higher variabilities for the secondary sources, with average relative differences ranging from 42 % to 173 %, while the primary source profiles exhibited much smaller variabilities (relative differences of 8 %–26 %). This study suggests that short-term PMF analysis with the a-value constraints in SoFi Pro can be utilized to apportion primary sources accurately, while future efforts are needed to improve the prediction of individual secondary sources. Additionally, future rapid source apportionment analysis can benefit from utilizing a library of source profiles derived from existing measurement data, thereby significantly reducing the time lag associated with receptor modeling source apportionment techniques.
Can models adequately reflect how long-term nitrogen enrichment alters the forest soil carbon cycle?
Authors: Eastman Brooke A. , Wieder William R. , Hartman Melannie D. , Brzostek Edward R. , Peterjohn William T.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Changes in the nitrogen (N) status of forest ecosystems can directly and indirectly influence their carbon (C) sequestration potential by altering soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition, soil enzyme activity, and plant–soil interactions. However, model representations of linked C–N cycles and SOM decay are not well validated against experimental data. Here, we use extensive data from the Fernow Experimental Forest long-term whole-watershed N fertilization study to compare the response to N perturbations of two soil models that represent decomposition dynamics differently (first-order decay versus microbially explicit reverse Michaelis–Menten kinetics). These two soil models were coupled to a common vegetation model which provided identical input data. Key responses to N additions measured at the study site included a shift in plant allocation to favor woody biomass over belowground carbon inputs, reductions in soil respiration, accumulation of particulate organic matter (POM), and an increase in soil C:N ratios. The vegetation model did not capture the often-observed shift in plant C allocation with N additions, which resulted in poor predictions of the soil responses. We modified the parameterization of the plant C allocation scheme to favor wood production over fine-root production with N additions, which significantly improved the vegetation and soil respiration responses. Additionally, to elicit an increase in the soil C stocks and C:N ratios with N additions, as observed, we modified the decay rates of the POM in the soil models. With these modifications, both models captured negative soil respiration and positive soil C stock responses in line with observations, but only the microbially explicit model captured an increase in soil C:N. Our results highlight the need for further model development to accurately represent plant–soil interactions, such as rhizosphere priming, and their responses to environmental change.
A modern pollen dataset from lake surface sediments on the central and western Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Ma Qingfeng , Zhu Liping , Ju Jianting , Wang Junbo , Wang Yong , Huang Lei , Haberzettl Torsten
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Modern pollen datasets are essential for pollen-based quantitative paleoclimate (e.g. precipitation) reconstructions, which can aid in better understanding recent climate change and its underlying forcing mechanisms. A modern pollen dataset based on surface sediments from 90 lakes in the shrub, meadow, steppe and desert regions of the central and western Tibetan Plateau (TP) was established to fill geographical gaps left by previous datasets. Ordination analyses of pollen data and climatic parameters revealed that annual precipitation is the dominant factor in modern pollen distribution on the central and western TP. A regional transfer function for annual precipitation was developed with weighted averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS), which suggests a good inference power of the modern pollen dataset for annual precipitation. A case study in which the transfer function was effectively applied to a fossil pollen record from Tangra Yumco on the central TP for paleoprecipitation reconstruction demonstrated the significance of the modern pollen dataset in a lower data region for paleoclimate change studies. Data from this study, including pollen data for each sample and information on the sampled sites (location, altitude and climate data), are openly available via the Zenodo portal (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8008474, Ma et al., 2023).
Investigating Ground-Level Ozone Pollution in Semi-Arid and Arid Regions of Arizona Using WRF-Chem v4.4 Modeling
Authors: Guo Yafang , Roychoudhury Chayan , Mirrezaei Mohammad Amin , Kumar Rajesh , Sorooshian Armin , Arellano Avelino F.
Published: January 2024

Abstract. Ground-level ozone (O3) pollution is a persistent environmental concern, even in regions that have made efforts to reduce emissions. This study focuses on the state of Arizona, which has experienced elevated O3 concentrations over past decades containing two non-attainment areas designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model, we examine O3 levels in the semi-arid and arid regions of Arizona. Our analysis focuses on the month of June between 2017 and 2021, a period characterized by high O3 levels before the onset of the North American Monsoon (NAM). Our evaluation of the WRF-Chem model against surface Air Quality System (AQS) observations reveals that the model adeptly captures the diurnal variation of hourly O3 levels and the episodes of O3 exceedance through the maximum daily 8-hour average (MDA8) O3 concentrations. However, the model tends to overestimate surface NO2 concentrations, particularly during nighttime hours. Among the three cities studied, Phoenix (PHX) and Tucson (TUS) exhibit a negative bias in both hourly and MDA8 O3 levels, while Yuma demonstrates a relatively larger positive bias. The simulated mean hourly and MDA8 O3 concentrations in Phoenix are 44.6 and 64.7 parts per billion (ppb), respectively, compared to observed values of 47.5 and 65.7 ppb, resulting in mean negative biases of -2.9 ppb and -1.0 ppb, respectively. Furthermore, the analysis of the simulated ratio of formaldehyde (HCHO) to NO2 (HCHO/NO2; FNR), reveals interesting insights of the sensitivity of O3 to its precursors. In Phoenix, the FNR varies by a VOC (volatile organic compound)-limited regime in the most populated areas and a transition between VOC-limited and NOx-limited regimes throughout the metro area with an average FNR of 1.15. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the persistent challenge of ground-level O3 pollution in semi-arid and arid regions, using the state of Arizona as a case study.
An Impact Chain-based exploration of multi-hazard vulnerability dynamics. The multi-hazard of floods and the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania
Authors: Albulescu Andra-Cosmina , Armaș Iuliana
Published: January 2024

Abstract. In the present multi-hazard-prone times, the dynamics of vulnerability across time, space, and different hazards emerges as an intriguing but challenging research topic. Within multi-hazards, both the impacts of hazards and the mitigation strategies can augment vulnerabilities, adding layers to the complexity of multi-risk assessments. Delving into these intricacies, this study aims to i) explore the multi-hazard impacts of the co-occurrent powerful river flood events and the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania, taking as reference 2020 and 2021, and ii) to analyse the trajectories in rising vulnerability that result from impacts and adaptation options, as well as their implications. The proposed framework relies on an Impact Chain that was enhanced to include new elements (i.e., augmented vulnerabilities and derived impacts) and links (i.e., connections that describe the augmentation of vulnerability); which were also used to rank the vulnerabilities based on their augmentation. The Impact Chain draws on various data and information sources, including scientific literature, the feedback of first responders, reports, legislative documents, official press releases, and news reports. This research work makes a significant contribution to the field of DRR by broadening the purpose of the Impact Chain, transforming it into a first-hand, semi-qualitative tool for analysing vulnerability dynamics.
Modeling snowpack dynamics and surface energy budget in boreal and subarctic peatlands and forests
Authors: Nousu Jari-Pekka , Lafaysse Matthieu , Mazzotti Giulia , Ala-aho Pertti , Marttila Hannu , Cluzet Bertrand , Aurela Mika , Lohila Annalea , Kolari Pasi , Boone Aaron , Fructus Mathieu , Launiainen Samuli
Published: January 2024

Abstract. The snowpack has a major influence on the land surface energy budget. Accurate simulation of the snowpack energy and radiation budget is challenging due to, e.g., effects of vegetation and topography, as well as limitations in the theoretical understanding of turbulent transfer in the stable boundary layer. Studies that evaluate snow, hydrology and land surface models against detailed observations of all surface energy balance components at high latitudes are scarce. In this study, we compared different configurations of the SURFEX land surface model against surface energy flux, snow depth and soil temperature observations from four eddy-covariance stations in Finland. The sites cover two different climate and snow conditions, representing the southern and northern subarctic zones, as well as the contrasting forest and peatland ecosystems typical for the boreal landscape. We tested different turbulent flux parameterizations implemented in the Crocus snowpack model. In addition, we examined common alternative approaches to conceptualize soil and vegetation, and we assessed their performance in simulating surface energy fluxes, snow conditions and soil thermal regime. Our results show that a stability correction function that increases the turbulent exchange under stable atmospheric conditions is imperative to simulate sensible heat fluxes over the peatland snowpacks and that realistic peat soil texture (soil organic content) parameterization greatly improves the soil temperature simulations. For accurate simulations of surface energy fluxes, snow and soil conditions in forests, an explicit vegetation representation is necessary. Moreover, we demonstrate the high sensitivity of surface fluxes to a poorly documented parameter involved in snow cover fraction computation. Although we focused on models within the SURFEX platform, the results have broader implications for choosing suitable turbulent flux parameterization and model structures depending on the potential use cases for high-latitude land surface modeling.
Contribuições da competência em informação para o empoderamento de mulheres rurais: uma visão teórica
Authors: Pellegrini Eliane , Vitorino Elizete Vieira
Published: January 2024

Objetivo. Explorar, a partir da literatura, as contribuições do desenvolvimento da competência em informação para o empoderamento de mulheres rurais, como população socialmente vulnerável e que é inibida de participar plenamente da sociedade em função das desigualdades de gênero.Método. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de literatura. Foram utilizados diferentes tipos de documentos produzidos no Brasil e em outros países e publicados entre os anos de 2000 e 2019.Resultados. As mulheres rurais têm um papel central no trabalho do campo, na produção de alimentos e na garantia da subsistência da família. Entretanto, na realidade social brasileira, há diversos fatores que as colocam em vulnerabilidade social. Visualizamos que o desenvolvimento da competência em informação, nas quatro dimensões propostas por Vitorino e Piantola (2011), pode contribuir de diversas formas para o processo de empoderamento de mulheres rurais, tornando-as menos vulneráveis e atuando no restabelecimento das relações sociais e sociofamiliares.Conclusões. O desenvolvimento da competência em informação de mulheres rurais é uma temática ainda pouco explorada na literatura de Ciência da Informação, apesar de sua relevância para o empoderamento, especialmente, quando associada ao acesso à informação, ao uso das TICs e ao aprendizado ao longo da vida.
Demographic Predictors of Conflict Resolution Styles Among Pakistani Adults
Authors: Jabeen Mehwish , Shahzadi Mafia , Amin Zobia
Published: January 2024

This research explores the intricate interplay between demographic factors and conflict resolution styles seeking to unravel how age, gender, educational level, and employment status influence individuals' approaches to conflict management. A cross-sectional design was employed to analyze data collected from 366 participants in diverse cities across Pakistan. Correlation and regression analyses revealed significant associations between demographic variables and conflict resolution styles. Age exhibited a positive correlation with Collaborating (r = 0.43, p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with Avoiding (r = -0.19, p < 0.01), highlighting generational differences in preferences. Females displayed a mild negative correlation with Collaborating (r = -0.19, p < 0.01) and Compromising (r = -0.12, p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression indicated that age positively predicted Collaborating (? = 0.20, p = 0.001), while gender negatively predicted Compromising (? = -0.11, p = 0.03). Educational level and employment status displayed mixed relationships with conflict resolution styles. These findings underscore the complex interplay between demographic factors and conflict resolution preferences, offering insights for tailored interventions and training programs to foster effective communication and cooperation. While this study contributes to the understanding of conflict resolution dynamics, future research should consider longitudinal designs and broader cultural contexts to enhance the generalizability of findings.
THE LEGISLATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE
Authors: БЕЗРУЧКИН В.А.
Published: January 2024

Целью настоящей работы является анализ влияния законодательства Российской Федера- ции на экономическое развитие государства. В частности, рассматриваются вопросы взаимодействия права с остальными сферами жизни общества, определяются задачи и цели правового регулирования отношений между субъектами в обществе. Также анализируются проблемы нормативного воздействия на экономические правоотношения, предложены пути их решения.

The purpose of this work is to analyze the impact of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the economic development of the state. In particular, the issues of interaction of law with other spheres of society's life are considered, the tasks and goals of legal regulation of relations between subjects in society are determined. The problems of regulatory impact on economic legal relations are also identified, and ways to solve them are proposed.
OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE FACTORS FRAGMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW
Authors: ФИРСОВ Ю.И.
Published: January 2024

В качестве основной объективной причины, вызывающей фрагментацию международного права, необходимо упомянуть увеличение числа норм международных договоров, регулирующих одноименные международные отношения. В статье рассмотрены основные вопросы фрагментации международного права. Приведены примеры двойного толкования в международных судебных инстанциях. Также рассмотрены колли- зионные нормы в позициях решений международных судов и трибуналов.

As the main objective reason for the fragmentation of international law, it is necessary to mention the increase in the number of norms of international treaties regulating international relations of the same name. The article deals with the main issues of fragmentation of international law. Examples of double interpretation in international judicial instances are given. Conflict of laws rules in the positions of decisions of International Courts and Tribunals are also considered.
THE CONCEPT AND SEPARATE LEGAL BASES OF THE EXPERT'S ACTIVITY DURING THE INTERNAL FINANCIAL AUDIT
Authors: НОВИЦКАЯ Л.Ю. , ОРЛОВСКАЯ М.А.
Published: January 2024

В статье проведено исследование понятия «эксперт» как правовой категории, используемой при проведении внутреннего финансового аудита и контрольных аудиторских мероприятий, а также осущест- влён анализ правовых основ деятельности эксперта при проведении внутреннего финансового аудита.

This article examines the concept of «expert» as a legal category used in the conduct of internal financial audit and audit control measures, as well as analyzes the legal basis of the expert's activities in the conduct of internal financial audit.
THE NEW LAW ON THE LABELING OF ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET
Authors: СЕЙДВАЛИЕВА А.Р.
Published: January 2024

Реклама является неотъемлемым элементом маркетинга, который благодаря своей функции продвижения различных товаров и услуг играет ключевую роль в развитии бизнеса. Так, рекламная деятель- ность в сети «Интернет» приобрела не меньшую популярность, в связи с чем стали увеличиваться случаи не- добросовестного и неправомерного размещения рекламных интеграций на цифровых площадках. Именно по этим причинам и был создан новый закон о маркировке рекламы в Интернете, который также является допол- нением к основному ФЗ «О рекламе». Такой закон, а если говорить точнее, новая статья (ст. 18.1 ФЗ «О рекла- ме»), предусматривает обязательность маркировки рекламы на всех платформах, включая социальные сети, блоги и другие сайты.

Advertising is an integral element of marketing, which, thanks to its function of promoting various goods and services, plays a key role in business development. Thus, advertising activities on the Internet have gained no less popularity, and therefore cases of unfair and illegal placement of advertising integrations on digital platforms have begun to increase. It is for these reasons that a new law on labeling advertising on the Internet was created, which is also an addition to the main Federal Law «On Advertising». Such a law, or more precisely, a new article (18.1 of the Federal Law «On Advertising») provides for the mandatory labeling of advertising on all platforms, including social networks, blogs and other sites.
FEATURES OF ESTABLISHING AND PROVING THE LEGALIZATION (LAUNDERING) OF FUNDS USING CRYPTOCURRENCIES
Authors: ВАСИЛЬЕВА О.Н. , МИЛОВАНОВА М.М.
Published: January 2024

статье рассмотрены вопросы, связанные с установлением и доказыванием факта соверше- ния преступлений, предусмотренных ст. 174 и 174.1 УК РФ. Проведенный комплексный анализ научных источ- ников, материалов следственной и судебной практики, опрос сотрудников правоохранительных органов позво- лили выявить проблемы, связанные с выявлением и раскрытием легализации (отмывания) денежных средств с использованием криптовалют, определить алгоритм их решения.

The article deals with issues related to the establishment and proof of the fact of committing crimes under Articles 174 and 174.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. A comprehensive analysis of scientific sources, investigative and judicial practice materials, and a survey of law enforcement officials revealed problems related to the identification and disclosure of money laundering using cryptocurrencies, and determined the algorithm for their solution.
ON THE ISSUE OF LEGAL REGULATION OF SELF-REGULATION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS ACTIVITIES IN RUSSIA
Authors: ЛУКЬЯНЕНКО С.А.
Published: January 2024

Статья посвящена анализу правового статуса и регулирования саморегулирования в области РR-деятельности в Российской Федерации. Автором рассмотрены ключевые нормативные акты, определяю- щие основы РR-индустрии, и выявлены проблемы, связанные с отсутствием четкого законодательного регули- рования данной сферы. Автор выделяет преимущества и недостатки текущей системы саморегулирования в РR-сфере.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the legal status and regulation of self-regulation in the field of PR activities in the Russian Federation. The author examines the key regulations defining the foundations of the PR industry, and identifies problems associated with the lack of clear legislative regulation of this area. The author highlights the advantages and disadvantages of the current system of self-regulation in the HR sphere.
The Improvement in Exercise Performance during Reduced Muscle Mass Exercise is Associated with an Increase in Femoral Blood Flow in Older and Younger Endurance-Trained Athletes
Authors: Haddad Toni , Spence Angela L. , Peiffer Jeremiah , Blain Gregory M. , Brisswalter Jeanick , Abbiss Chris R.
Published: January 2024

This study investigated whether the improved performance observed with maximal self-paced single-leg (SL), compared with double-leg (DL) cycling, is associated with enhanced femoral blood flow and/or altered tissue oxygenation. The hyperaemic response to exercise was assessed in younger and older athletes. Power output was measured in 12 older (65 ± 4 y) and 12 younger (35 ± 5 y) endurance-trained individuals performing 2 x 3 min maximal self-paced exercise using SL and DL cycling. Blood flow (BF) in the femoral artery was assessed using Doppler ultrasound and muscle oxygenation was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy on the vastus lateralis. SL cycling elicited a greater power output (295 ± 83 vs 265 ± 70 W, P < 0.001) and peak femoral BF (1749.1 ± 533.3 vs 1329.7 ± 391.7 ml/min, P < 0.001) compared with DL cycling. Older individuals had a lower peak BF in response to exercise (1355.4 ± 385.8 vs 1765.2 ± 559.6 ml/min, P = 0.019) compared with younger individuals. Peak BF in response to exercise was correlated with power output during SL (r = 0.655, P = 0.002) and DL (r = 0.666, P = 0.001) cycling. The greater exercise performance during SL compared with DL cycling may be partly explained by a greater hyperaemic response when reducing active muscle mass. Despite regular endurance training, older athletes had a lower femoral BF in response to maximal self-paced exercise compared with younger athletes.
Usos de los juicios de valor en la ciencia: un argumento general, con lecciones de un estudio de caso de la investigación feminista sobre el divorcio
Authors: Anderson Elizabeth , Cormick, Trad. Claudio , Edelsztein, Trad. Valeria
Published: January 2024

El argumento de la subdeterminación establece que las personas de ciencia pueden utilizar valores políticos para orientar la investigación, pero no proporciona criterios para distinguir entre una orientación legítima y una ilegítima. Este artículo provee tales criterios. El análisis de los confusos argumentos contra la ciencia cargada de valores revela el criterio fundamental de la orientación ilegítima: cuando los juicios de valor operan orientando la investigación a una conclusión predeterminada. Un estudio de caso de la investigación feminista sobre el divorcio revela numerosas formas legítimas en que los valores pueden orientar a la ciencia sin vulnerar este criterio.
Lenguaje intransigente para tiempos de banalidad: el legado de Adorno y Pasolini
Authors: López Pérez Sheila
Published: January 2024

El presente artículo recoge la crítica de Adorno y Pasolini a la era abierta por Mayo del 68 y trata de trasladarla a nuestros días. El objetivo es trazar líneas de continuidad entre lo que los dos autores atisbaron en aquel movimiento y la actualidad. Con base en ello, se partirá de la denuncia de la “intolerancia” y el “dogmatismo” que tanto Adorno como Pasolini achacaron al movimiento; seguidamente, se recogerá la descripción de los dos autores de la época de banalidad que, en su opinión, se abría ante el menosprecio del pensamiento reflexivo, la teoría y la cultura. Presentaremos la “lucha desde la teoría” de ambos autores y su posicionamiento como filósofos inorgánicos ante una época de activismo irreflexivo. Por último, esbozaremos el estado de la cuestión en la actualidad en el apartado Conclusiones
Introducción. Revolución, Reforma, Mutación. Cambio y continuidad en la teoría política
Authors: Menéndez Menéndez Agustín José , Greppi Andrea
Published: January 2024

Introducción al dossier