bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARCHITECTONICS OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF ADAPTATION OF VARIOUS FORMS OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY TO NEW TECHNOLOGICAL MODES AND INTEGRATION PROCESSES
Authors: Isaeva Olga
Published: December 2023

The formation of an effective competitive agricultural production, which is based on a combination of various forms of agricultural management, is largely ensured by the creation of adequate and comfortable conditions for managing each of the forms of agribusiness. The existing shortcomings of the agrarian policy in terms of weak adaptability to new economic conditions, the bias of state support towards large agribusiness, etc. require measures to improve its organizational and economic elements. To solve this issue, it is necessary to work out methodological approaches to the development of an organizational and economic mechanism for the adaptation of agribusiness entities to new economic conditions, as the basis of modern agricultural policy of the state. A systematic approach to the construction of the mechanism implies the consistency and interdependence of its elements: from the definition of targets for the development of the agricultural sector to the implementation of measures and directions for their achievement at all levels of public administration in compliance with a number of principles. The main ones are: an integrated approach, parity of interests and adaptability of agricultural structures, innovation and potential of farms. When choosing directions for improving the organizational and economic mechanism of adaptation, it is advisable to determine not only the resource (financial) capabilities of authorities at all levels, but also the restrictive parameters of the development of institutional structures of the agricultural sector of the economy. Namely: the level of technological development of the country’s economy and individual industries, the economic and political course of the state, the availability of equal access of agricultural entities to information, financial, technical and other resources, the degree of trust between business and government agencies, innovative approach in management methods, etc.
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF CO2 CAPTURE FROM ATMOSPHERE AND ITS FIXATION IN THE BIOMASS OF PEAS(Pisumsativum)
Authors: Kuryntseva Polina , Galieva Gulnaz , Galitskaya Polina , Stepanova Nadezhda , Selivanovskaya Svetlana
Published: December 2023

The negative consequences of global climate change are widely known, in particular leading to a decrease in soil fertility and a decrease in the efficiency of crop production. In connection with the above, approaches to greening agriculture are constantly being developed, which should lead to improved soil quality, preservation and increase in the amount of nutrients in it, as well as a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. One of these approaches may be the use of peas as ground cover plants to reduce CO2 emissions from bulk soil, due to the fixation of C in phytomass, which will later be plowed into the soil. To evaluate the effectiveness of this approach, a vegetation experiment was conducted in a greenhouse under different temperature conditions (20°C, 25°C, 30°C) with soil on which pea plants (Pisumsativum) were grown and soil without plants (imitation of open arable land) . In the dynamics of the experiment, indicators characterizing the process of carbon accumulation in phytomass were assessed, namely the rate of increase in plant phytomass and chlorophyll content in leaves, as well as the process characterizing CO2 emission from the soil - an increase in the intensity of soil basal respiratory activity under peas over that of bulk soil. Next, the carbon balance was calculated for each temperature regime. It was shown that with an increase in temperature from 20°C to 30°C, there is a decrease in C fixation in plant phytomass and a decrease in CO2 emission due to the respiratory activity of the soil microbial community. The maximum fixation of C when growing peas (Pisumsativum) was established for a temperature regime of 20°C and amounted to 585 kg C/ha.
Profil zainteresowań biblijnych ks. Floriana Pilthowskiego (XVI w.)
Authors: Kowalski Marcin , Kwaśniewski Andrzej
Published: December 2023

W Bibliotece Wyższego Seminarium Duchownego w Kielcach zachowałą się czteroczęściowa Biblia wydana wraz postyllą Mikołaja z Liry. Na marginesach tego inkunabułu ks. Florian Pilthowski jako miejscowy wikariusz i jednocześnie oficjał kielceki żyjący w drugiej połowie XVI wieku wykonywał noty marginalne świadczące o wieloletniej lekturze Biblii. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały lekturę większości ksiąg biblijnych. Najczęściej ks. F. Pilthowski sporządzął noty informacyjne pozwalajace zapamiętać treść czytanego fragmentu. W taki prosty sposób skomentował i potwierdził przeczytanie wiekszości ksiag Starego Testamentu. ks. F. Pilthowski pozostawił również noty świadczące o lekturze pogłębionej teologicznie. Było to chrystologiczne ujęcie fragmentów Starego Testamentu, realizacja proroctw w historii, tematyka sądu ostatecznego i przyjścia Chrystusa, katolickie rozumienie sakramentów, nowość życia chrześcijańskiego i powszechność zbawienia, życie kapłańskie. Przydatność kaznodziejska lektury Biblii była przez niego zaznaczana poprzez podawanie przy analizie dat świąt z kalendarza. Porównanie wątków tematycznych powstałych poprzez analizę not ks. F. Pilthowskliego z badaniami współczesnej biblistyki nad wartością postylli Mikołaja z Liry wskazuje na dostrzeganie przez potrydenckiego, kieleckiego komentatora większości ważnych osiągnięć trzynastowiecznego egzegety. Postylla Mikołaja z Liry ważna w kształtowaniu się teologii Marcina Lutra w recepcji ks. F. Pilthowskiego była źródłem potwierdzajacym naukę katolicką.
Inositol - why should it be in the spotlight for women in a reproductive age?
Authors: Tomaszuk Sebastian , Wąsik Karolina , Wojtuś Magda
Published: December 2023

Introduction and purpose: Inositol exists in the form of nine isomers, two of which are dominant - myo-inositol (MI) and D-chiro-inositol (DCI). It is a naturally occuring sugar involved in many biological pathways. Due to its  insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, inositol has been suggested as a novel treatment agent in prevention and treatment of reproductive disorders. The paper presents currently available data regarding the impact of oral supplementation of inositol for fertility of women and men, reproductive outcomes among subfertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and its effectiveness on preventing and treating gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Material and methods of research: The search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholarship databases available to November 2023. 

Results: Although the evidence is still insufficient, it is suggested that inositol may be beneficial for subfertile women, also those undergoing assisted reproductive techniques and in vitro fertilization. Moreover inositol can positively influence sperm quality. Myoinositol supplementation was also effective and safe for pregnant women with GDM and their children. In these women lower HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment – Insulin Resistance) and reduction of fetal macrosomia were observed. Myoinositol also seems to be favorable for overweight or obese women in GDM prevention and treatment. Current findings indicate the positive impact for hormonal changes and restoration in menstrual cyclicity in women with PCOS, improving reproductive disorders in these patients.

Conclusions: Overall, although findings are encouraging, further trials for this promising intervention are still required to support oral supplementation of inositol.
Innovations in the systemic treatment of medullary thyroid cancer with kinase inhibitors
Authors: Lipczyńska Wiktoria , Jasiura Adam , Kasprzak Hubert , Justyńska Agata , Krafzik Hanna , Warchoł Konrad , Stępień Przemysław , Niedobylski Sylwiusz
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Medullary thyroid carcinoma is a primary thyroid neoplasm originating from thyroid C cells. It can be familial or sporadic. The familial form is associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndrome types 2A and 2B and is caused by a mutation in the RET gene, which encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor. Treatment of medullary thyroid cancer is mainly based on surgical resection of the thyroid gland, usually a total thyroidectomy. It can be followed-up by a chemotherapy, which has limited efficacy. Hence, there is a growing interest in new molecular therapies, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which include vandetanib, cabozantinib, selpercatinib, pralsetinib, sorafenib and lenvatinib.

Objective: The review and presentation of the current state of knowledge on the systemic treatment of medullary thyroid cancer with kinase inhibitors.

Material and methods: Literature review based on available sources from PubMed database and Google Scholar.

Conclusions: Though systemic treatment options for medullary thyroid cancer continue to improve, patients with advanced neoplasms still have limited therapeutic options. Hence, further development of targeted treatment with kinase inhibitors, particularly those selective for the RET receptor is crucial. Molecular studies of mutations and signaling pathways involved in the oncopathogenesis of medullary thyroid cancer could contribute to the discovery of new therapeutic mechanisms, and drugs that target them, could potentially further improve disease progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Advances and Challenges in the Classification of Childhood Arthritis
Authors: Ravelli Angelo
Published: December 2023

The most appropriate classification of childhood arthritis remains controversial. Several efforts have been made over the years to devise classification systems that identify homogeneous subgroups within the disease spectrum. Although widely used, the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) classification has shown major limitations as it was found to have failed its primary goal of identifying homogeneous disease categories. Furthermore, its use of the count of affected joints and of the presence of psoriatic features to define individual disease subsets has been criticized. A novel classification system has been proposed by the Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO) through expert consensus. The preliminary scheme is currently being scrutinized by means a large-scale data collection aimed to formulate an evidence-based classification, whose results will likely be available in 2024. The development of a clinicobiologic classification has been tried in a proof-of-concept study by integrating meaningful biologic and clinical characteristics, including levels of proinflammatory cytokines and measures of disease activity, that defined indicators or composite variables capable of identifying homogeneous patient subgroups by cluster analysis. The current advance in biotechnology, especially genomics, proteomics and transcriptomics, may pave the way to the future identification of well-defined clusters of patients that will inform a biology-based and data-driven classification system. However, any attempt to defining biologic subtypes should be combined with precise clinical and prognostic data in order to devise a rational classification that facilitates the progress towards personalized management of children with JIA. Furthermore, the observed variability in the prevalence of disease subtypes across geographic areas and ethnic groups must be taken into account to develop a classification that is applicable on a global scale.
Impact of dental hygienists’ positive psychological capital, growth mindset, and self-leadership on retention intention
Authors: Cho Hye-Eun , Lee Ji-Yeon
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze the factors influencing the positive psychological capital, growth mindset, and self-leadership of dental hygienists in the Seoul and Gyeonggi regions with regard to their retention intention. The findings would serve as basic data for improving the retention intention. Methods: The methods espoused for analysis comprised independent sample t-test and ANOVA for group comparisons, Pearson’s correlation analysis for examining the correlation between variables, and multiple regression analysis for identifying factors affecting retention intention. Results: Positive psychological capital was higher among those under the age of 27 and employed in dental clinics. Growth mindset was higher among those with less than three years of work experience and those working in clinics. Self-leadership was higher among those aged 28–31, and retention intention was higher among those under the age of 27 and with less than three years of work experience (p<0.05). A correlation was observed between positive psychological capital and self-leadership (r=0.760), self-leadership and retention intention (r=0.514), positive psychological capital and retention intention (r=0.505), positive psychological capital and growth mindset (r=0.337), and growth mindset and self-leadership (r=0.245) (p<0.001). Factors influencing the intention to stay at work were selfleadership (β=0.309) and positive psychological capital (β=0.242) (p<0.05). Conclusions: In order to improve dental hygienists' retention intention, it is necessary to devise strategies for improving positive psychological capital and self-leadership.
Determining factors related to unmet dental needs among adolescents using Anderson Model
Authors: Jang Bo-Myeong , Jeong Ho-Jin , Kim Hye-Jin , Lee Jung-Hwa
Published: December 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify factors related to unmet dental care needs among Korean youth, enhance the utilization of dental services by adolescents, furnish basic data for youth-oriented dental projects, and improve access to medical care. Methods: The analysis utilized combined data from the basic and oral databases from the 6th (2013–2015), 7th (2016–2018), and 1st year of the 8th (2019) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results: The factors influencing unmet dental care needs were gender, age, household income level, and health insurance. Statistically significant results were observed in relation to the type of dental clinic, recent visits to a dental hospital, experiences of toothache within the past year, subjective oral health status, occurrences of permanent dental caries, and engagement in orthodontic treatment. Conclusions: When formulating future national policies and projects, it is imperative to consider the factors and underlying reasons for the unmet dental care needs of adolescents. It is also necessary to establish oral health policies and institutional measures tailored to the dental care of adolescents.
The effects of dental hygiene students’ adult attachment, self-respect, and sociable support on their interpersonal competence
Authors: You Eun-Ji , Min Hee-Hong
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study sought to identify dental hygiene students’ adult attachment, interpersonal competence, self-respect, and sociable support, and to identify factors that affect interpersonal competence. Method: A self-administered survey was conducted on 180 students attending dental hygiene schools nationwide from 14 February to 30 May, 2023. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVAs, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple linear regression analys were used, as determined by the SPSS 26.0 program. Results: Dental hygiene students’ interpersonal competence measured 3.61 points, adult attachment measured 3.44 points, self-respect measured 3.44 points, and sociable support measured 4.00 points. In terms of general characteristics, significant differences were found in satisfaction with college life and club membership. Interpersonal competence was positively correlated with adult attachment, self-respect, and sociable support. The factor that had the greatest impact on interpersonal competence of dental hygiene students was sociable support, with an explanatory power of 37.3%. Conclusions: In order to improve the sociable support for dental hygiene students, a social activity support network within and outside of school is needed.
Relation between clinical learning environment and clinical performance competency in dental hygiene students
Authors: Hong Hae-Kyung , Kim Young-Nam , Han Gyeong-Soon
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relation between factors related to the clinical performance competency of dental hygiene students and their clinical learning environment. Methods: The study conducted a survey of dental hygiene students from October 18 to 30, 2023. The data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance, t-test, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The total practicum lasted ≤10 weeks, 11-15 weeks, and ≥16 weeks for 41.7%, 33.5%, and 24.8% of the students, respectively. Half of them had experience at only one clinical institution. Clinical learning environment had an average score of 3.46 points, whereas the average clinical performance competency of the participants was 3.60 points. The major influencing factors on clinical performance competency were identified as preceptor’ s guidance (β=0.277), work participation opportunities (β=0.213), and perceived importance of clinical practice (β=0.136). Conclusions: Efforts are required to provide students with prior education on the importance of clinical practice, improve the clinical learning environment with a focus on preceptor’s guidance and work participation opportunities. And standardize various elements to resolve differences in the practice of clinical institutions across regions.
Recognition of dental hygiene students about the advanced dental hygienist system for the elderly and people with disabilities
Authors: Kim Kyung–Mi , Ahn Se-Youn , Kim Min-Young
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the awareness of students majoring in dental hygiene regarding the advanced dental hygiene system for the elderly and people with disabilities. Methods: From September 25 to October 20, 2023, an online survey was conducted with junior and senior students in 27 universities, including eight in the Seoul area, seven in the Chungcheong area, eight in the Yeongnam area, and four in the Honam area. Data analysis methods included frequency analysis, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results: After graduation, 72.9% of students were willing to work as advanced dental hygienists for the elderly and people with disabilities, and had greater recognition of the system (p=0.042), role (p<0.001), and expected effect (p=0.027) of an advanced dental hygienist than students who were not willing to work in this capacity. Conclusions: It is necessary to introduce a system that recognizes advanced dental hygienists for their expertise in oral hygiene management for the elderly and people with disabilities.
Kunstwerk und Titel.
Authors: Müller-Jacquier Bernd
Published: December 2023

At first glance, the relationship between work and title appears to be exhausted: for works of art are unique specimens that exist unchanged over long periods of time, just like their titles. They offer unchanged models for interpretation, and extensive elucidations – in particular of classical – works are available. But experience shows that the view of a work changes during social developments. Linguistic expressions in titles are also subject to constant change of meaning. Any clarification of the relationship between the work and the title must therefore be made subject to modifications in both the interpretation of the work and the interpretive resources of the title.
For this purpose, it is not surprising that a semiotic theory is used. With Rudi Keller’s “pragmatic sign theory”, a construct was chosen through which both sign systems, the visual and the textual language, become explicable and which ties the emergence of a sign to the (type of) interpretation (see chapter 2). Individual considerations of both areas of analysis reveal that interpretations of the work and the title proceed semioticaloay on different levels. They interact and merge to form a unit called “impression”.
This article is about the formation of such art impressions, more precisely: about the interplay between the interpretations of artworks and their titles. The basic hypothesis is that viewers of artworks use the titles as a resource for interpretation, and furthermore that artists (can) also use this experience to achieve or prevent possible impressions. In the form of selected case studies (see chapters 3 and 4 below), different interrelationships between works and their titles are illustrated to arrive at a synthesis of their manifold interactions.
Museumskommunikation: Kulturspezifischer Wissenstransfer durch Audioguides
Authors: Nardi Antonella , Engberg Jan
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a pilot study of audioguides concerning paintings from museums in Italy, Germany and Denmark. The study combines an analysis of speech actions based on categories from the theory of Funktionale Pragmatik with a frame-oriented analysis of knowledge relevant for understanding the audioguide texts, which can be assessed from the formulation choices made by the authors. The focus of the paper is on building a descriptive and analytical tool to identify characteristics of German, Danish and Italian art audioguides. The aim of the study is to establish first results to be substantiated in future work also concerning the receiver modelling (Hörer:innen-Modellierung) in the investigated audioguides and furthermore to see whether intercultural differences are visible in the texts.
The study shows that the same speech actions are present in audioguides from different cultures, but that they occur in different proportions according to the specific culture. Along similar lines, it was possible to create a consistent coding system concerning types of knowledge conveyed in the audioguides that enables us to assess and compare the results of analysing the texts. This analysis, too, indicates intercultural differences.
Simulators used in training for internal safety purposes
Authors: Urban Andrzej Czesław
Published: December 2023

The author of the article is trying to solve the research problem posed in the form of a question:
in what way can the simulators be used in training sessions for the sake of safety and what is the level of effectiveness of such training sessions? The author uses theoretical and empirical methods in order to address the research problem. Simulators taken advantage of in the Police Academy as well as their capabilities and ways of usage, during the training or drilling sessions, have been described in the article. In the last part of the article, the results of the evaluation of the training sessions, using the simulators, have been indicated.
he author of the article is trying to solve the research problem posed in the form of a question:
in what way can the simulators be used in training sessions for the sake of safety and what is the level of effectiveness of such training sessions? The author uses theoretical and empirical methods in order to address the research problem. Simulators taken advantage of in the Police Academy as well as their capabilities and ways of usage, during the training or drilling sessions, have been described in the article. In the last part of the article, the results of the evaluation of the training sessions, using the simulators, have been indicated.
Eastern European perspective on Security Studies. Lessons from Poland
Authors: Gierszewski Janusz , Tomaszewski Patryk , Siemiątkowski Piotr
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The aim of the article is to determine the directions of research conducted in the field of security, and realized by the most frequently cited (according to popular bibliometric databases) scholars. On this basis, the frequency of selection of research areas of Polish scientists dealing with issues in the field of security was determined.

Material and methods

The text presents the author's conclusions from a cross-sectional analysis of Scopus and Google Scholar databases of the most frequently cited authors. The selection of sources was based on several citation indices. Foreign publications were selected in the field of social science on the basis of citations from the internationally recognized and prestigious Scopus database . The analysis refers to the years 2015-2020, as this is the period in which the scientific discipline took shape.

Results

Polish research, despite raising often important from the point of view of world security problems, is not very noticed in the world. There are several reasons for this. First of all, until recently, it was published mainly in Polish. Secondly, local scientific periodicals or multi-author monographs were usually chosen as the place of publication.

Conclusions

The Polish literature is dominated by topics related to internal security, such as: public and general security (crisis management), social security, cultural security, etc. Another theme is terrorism (along with its varieties), which is replaced by other problems, such as: the aging of society, the relationship between security and development, or the problems of migration. They mostly refer to regional or even local problems.
Labour incomes and economic activity in Poland
Authors: Koronowski Adam
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The purpose of the paper is to examine the impact of labour incomes on economic activity and growth in Poland.

Material and methods

The thesis of the paper is rooted in the hypothesis of underconsumption and it claims that a proportion of labour incomes to the domestic product exerts an influence on the structure and the value of the aggregate demand and thus it eventually has an effect on economic activity. Empirical analysis provided refers to macroeconomic data for the period 2010-2019.

Results

The results support the thesis; relatively low growth of labour incomes is followed by low rates of economic growth and investment and higher rates of unemployment.

Conclusions

The analysis of changes in real production per employee, real wages, the rate of unemployment, the rate of GDP growth and changes in households’ consumption spending strongly support the claim that low wages at least periodically stand behind a demand constraint in the Polish economy and that they impair economic results.
Information and modern technologies as an asymmetric threat to state security. Philosophical perspective.
Authors: Warchał Arnold , Piotrkowski Kazimierz
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Rapid evolution and progress in computer sciences present new determinants for informational technologies. The universal knowledge based on Mathematics and Computer science exploring processes in information dissemination, should be persistently analyzed. Its focus on practical applicability presents various problems and new possibilities for the field of Security Studies, adding new categories to its research interests, that should be constantly defined and redefined. And what is the objective of the article.

Material and methods

The descriptive methodology used in the article is limited to a presentation of philosophical categories, as it allows for defining of chosen problems that correspond, upon analysis, to asymmetric threats mounting from IT evolution.

Results

The predicaments of technological evolution in view o the categories arising through philosophical focus, presented here by authors and as applied in Security studies, point to definitions and associated categories of potential dangers that IT progress may entail. Hence, the presentation of three categories analyzed – information, communication, asymmetric threat, and the following analysis of categories of threats with asymmetric values, as a potential nuisance and danger to state security, related to those categories.

Conclusions

And as is concluded, the new developments, as discussed in the article, present challenges for state security and are presently evolving. Hence, those should be constantly categorized and associated with security predicaments – active and potential.
Communication competence of future early childhood teachers -
a report on a study in Poland
Authors: Sosnowska-Bielicz Ewa , Sala-Suszyńska Justyna
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Communication competence of future early childhood teachers - a report on a study in poland

Material and methods

The research was based on a quantitative paradigm. To determine the level of communication competence we used the Self-assessment of Communication Competence Scale (SPCC), stress was examined with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and dispositional optimism was tested with the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R).

Results

The analyses showed that prospective early childhood teachers obtained average scores in communication competence. At the same time, they reported high levels of stress and low levels of dispositional optimism. In addition, stress levels correlated negatively with all dimensions of communication competence, meaning that the higher the stress level, the lower the level of communication competence in all the measured dimensions. In contrast, dispositional optimism correlated positively with all dimensions of communication competence, indicating that all dimensions of communication competence increased as dispositional optimism increased.

Conclusions

Based on the analyses, we suggest enriching education programs for early childhood teachers with issues related to communication competence, coping with public speaking, and preventive activities related to stress management.
Disputes over the concept of social system and the critique of sociological reason
Authors: Niesporek Andrzej
Published: December 2023

With the advent of sociological theory, society started to be perceived as a different kind of reality, existing by its own laws as an independently functioning whole. However, from the beginning, there was no consensus among sociologists as to the nature of this totality. Are social wholes merely theoretical constructs or do they exist in reality? The separation of the social and non-social elements of social wholes, as well as the social and non-social systems was also problematic. This problem particularly concerns the interrelationships of the social system, culture, politics, economics and other systems. The holistic, systemic description of social life in sociology has a long history. Sociology has dealt intensively with the question of “systems” and much has been written on the subject. We are confronted with many different systemic perspectives In sociological theory, the notion of “social system” has various meanings and, needless to say, a full presentation of its understanding in sociology remains beyond the scope of this manuscript. The aim of the article is to analyse the ways of interpreting the notion of the system in its classical sociological models: mechanistic and organic, and to indicate the contemporary changes resulting from the spread of the new theory of systems and the new understanding of the social system. The latter is related not only to the new understanding of the subject that sociology deals with, but also to the new understanding of sociology as a science.
Competencies of Polish Army officers in the labor market after completing military service
Authors: Rzepecka Aleksandra , Sylwestrzak Bartosz
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The issue of professional competence is dealt with by many scientific fields, hence the need to review the definition and classification of the concept and to indicate, based on the literature, the current state of research. The main objective of this paper was to identify the research gap in the area of the usefulness of competencies acquired during military service by Polish Army officers in their current workplace after military service.

Material and methods

The following research methods were used to write the paper: literature analysis and criticism, heuristic method and comparative method. The quantitative method was significantly applied in the work. A survey questionnaire was used, aimed at retired officers of the Polish Army regarding the use of their competencies after leaving the service.

Results

The terms that often accompany “competence” in theoretical considerations are qualifications and skills. However, qualifications and skills have a narrower context than competencies, which are the result of having both a wide variety of skills and qualifications.
Most respondents found employment in a state institution and a uniformed organization. Retired officers pointed mainly to knowledge, experience, and some also to personality traits.

Conclusions

The issue of competence is undoubtedly an interdisciplinary concept, with its connotations in many fields of science. Consequently, the concept of competence is not clearly perceived in the literature.
The personality traits that distinguish officers of the Polish Army are very valuable, as is their specialized knowledge. They will certainly be a great asset to a retired officer's future employer.
Integrated cost accounting for quality and environmental protection in the context of sustainable development
Authors: Szczerbak Monika , Wikarczyk Agnieszka
Published: December 2023

Objectives

Presentation of a modern approach to managing quality costs and environmental protection costs in the context of sustainable development requirements and actions taken in this area in the Polish economy.

Material and methods

The method of critical analysis of scientific literature in the field of quality cost management, environmental protection costs, and accounting was used. Induction and deduction methods were used. In the empirical part, research was conducted - interviews on the comprehensibility and usefulness of the integrated cost accounting for quality and environmental protection.

Results

The article indicates that because traditional cost measurement accounts are characterized by low accuracy and low cost of measuring quality costs and environmental costs, it is reasonable to implement and use an integrated quality and environmental protection account, especially in the era of sustainable development requirements.

Conclusions

The added value of the article is an example of an integrated model of quality costing and environmental protection costs developed by the authors to be used in enterprises and the resulting conclusions from the conducted research, which can be a recommendation for practice.
Forest management as an element of sustainable regional development.
Pedagogical and legal aspects.
Authors: Szewczak Marcin Leopold , Szewczak Iwona
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The purpose of this article is to analyse the processes related to the expansion of the role which forest management plays as an element shaping sustainable regional development. Two specific objectives will serve this purpose. The first of these concerns legal regulations governing forest management arising from both Polish and EU legal systems, and the second pertains to the pedagogical dimension of forest education as a component of education for sustainable regional development. T

Material and methods

The analysis of the proposed research issue will be carried out using the legal dogmatic method and, to some extent, the historical method and the legal comparative method.

Results

A key task is to create an appropriate legal instrument, both in the legislative and executive domains. The lack of key legal solutions in these areas may lead to legal stagnation in the implementation of sustainable forest management or the need to recognise the solutions adopted at the EU level, which are not always seen as beneficial to a given Member State.

Conclusions

Firstly, a de lege ferenda postulate is to legally regulate the operation of a sustainable forest management system in the Forest Act, by introducing a statutory obligation to prepare a national forestry strategy and regional forestry strategies. Secondly, the process of regulating the above issues should be intrinsically linked to the introduction of legal solutions in the field of forest education in its broadest sense
Consequence of international labor migration in world practice.
Authors: Antczak Barbara Olga
Published: December 2023

Abstract
The world labor market is characterized by growing dynamics and strong volumes of labor export and import, which is realized through international labor migration. The movement of the labor force carries out several important functions in the global economy – from income redistribution to the exchange of professional experience, the spread of new innovative technologies, and the growth of labor productivity. In addition, the socio-economic implications of international labor migration for donor countries and recipient countries are ambiguous, they differ in the short, medium, and long-term periods.The study aims to analyze the impact of the socio-economic consequences of international labor migration. The article also focuses on the world experience in shaping and influencing the socio-economic consequences of international labor migration for the donor countries and for the importing countries of the labor force.
Modern technologies in enhancing situational awareness and preparedness for CBRN events in urban areas. Perspective of European Commission call in 2022
Authors: Gromek Paweł , Szklarski Łukasz
Published: December 2023

Objective: The research objective is to indicate current priorities of the European Commission in funding modern technologies that enhance situational awareness and preparedness for CBRN events in urban areas. Methods: We analysed strategic documents of the European Union informing CBRN safety and security Horizon 2020 program priorities and the proposal which won the call HORIZON-CL3-2022-DRS-01-08. This process allowed us to indicate patterns reflecting European Union’s priorities in funding development of modern technologies to enhance both the awareness and the preparedness. Results: Investigation of 7 fundamental documents gave strategic background for applying modern technologies that enhance situational awareness and preparedness for CBRN events in urban areas. Relevant directions were reflected in the call for proposals named Disaster-Resilient Society 2022. Only one proposal was selected for funding and it now forms the basis for CHIMERA project (the full project title is: Comprehensive Hazard Identification, and Monitoring systEm for uRban Areas). The project’s mission is to provide a technological improvement in the CBRN domain complying with European legislation and boosting the capabilities of end-users with novel detection, identification, and monitoring functionalities at relatively high TRL. Discussion: As CHIMERA project describes directly many of issues addressed in the call for proposals, the current directions reflect strategic assumptions for ensuring safety and security in Europe. The project also uniquely concerns CBRN response capability gaps identified by International Forum to Advance First Responder Innovation. Success story of CHIMERA proposal may serve as a reference in developing new technologies in a project formula in the future.
Cyber threats in rail traffic in Poland
Authors: Paklerska Alina
Published: December 2023

A rising network of interconnections, new technologies and an increasing degree of digitization mean that the rail sector, both locally, as well as to a global degree, is currently in the midst of significant internal transformations. Both the business model and infrastructure are being transformed, including that for information systems. The purpose of this analysis is to systemic approach to the subject. Cyber threats are treated here not as a cause of insecurity, but as the result of a system's frailty. The subject of the study is discussed in the context of rail traffic in Poland. The author points out the changes in cyber security that Poland is experiencing and suggests possible scenarios for the near future. He points out that train traffic security is one of the main aspects of the digitization of critical infrastructure in Poland. The author aims to show that train traffic security depends on a number of factors. The article presents a proposed typology of cyber threats to rail traffic.
Operational analysis of threats to the security of NATO’s eastern flank. Context of hybrid activities
Authors: Sadowski Adam , Wąsowska Katarzyna , Maj Julian , Pietrek Grzegorz
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The aim of the study is to assess the strategic and tactical environment in Central and Eastern Europe, especially between the EU and Belarus, taking into account the results of political and operational analyses of the situation on the border between Poland, Lithuania and Latvia, and Belarus.

Material and methods

The paper collects and thoroughly analyzes the most important sources on threats to the security of NATO’s eastern flank. The purpose of the research is an operational analysis comprehensively covering the main factors posing threats to the security of Poland.

Results

In the result of the operational analysis of hybrid warfare, the following factors were identified: demographics, military and non-military issues, the existence of a well-formed democratic society, critical infrastructure, and cybersecurity. All the above factors were discussed in the context of hybrid activities undertaken by Belarus and Russia.

Conclusions

It can be predicted that special elements conducting the aggressor’s hybrid activities will use exceptionally sophisticated forms of the aggressor’s influence, including blending in with the local community. The area of operation of non-military elements in the hybrid wars waged so far by Russia is likely to further expand and change forms in order to blindside the attacked state inducing fear, ineptitude and confusion of the society.
Pedagogy and religion in the third millennium.
A frutiful encounter
Authors: Bruni Elsa Maria
Published: December 2023

Objectives

The essay analyses religious experience, which today is far from connoting itself as a rationalistic practice. Especially in the 20th century, the religious has acquired a renewed vitality, more detached from dogma, but more open to faith and the transcendent.

Material and methods

The treatment of the subject involved a critical analysis of the scientific literature, both pedagogical and more specialised, with reference to the meanings assumed by religious experience in recent decades. From a methodological point of view, recourse was made to the heuristic method and a historical-pedagogical method was also followed in order to precisely interpret the relationship between the aspiration of contemporary pedagogy to promote a subject that is indeed socialised but in a critical and divergent perspective and the religious dimension.

Results

The research has brought to light two fundamental concepts. The first is the desire to bring religiosity back into its formative dimension, thus linking it to the process of the person's development; the second relates to the recovery of the marginalised dimension, with the elimination of what hinders an effective pedagogical-educational reading of man.

Conclusions

To conclude, a circularity is re-established between religiosity and development, starting from the incisiveness of religious experience in the development of human beings in the third millennium. Above all, self-centered reasoning loses every fundamentalist presumption, it relates to human realities and responds to the concrete experiences of men thus revealing its essential relevance and importance for better thinking about the complete education of modern man as an intellectual and spiritual being.
The importance of catholic social coexistence rules for the effectiveness of provided and received support
Authors: Kalinowski Mirosław
Published: December 2023

Objectives

not applicable

Material and methods

not applicable

Results

not applicable

Conclusions

This article consists of four parts. The first part presents issues concerned with the human need for social support. The presented analysis of the issue is based on experiences of living during the COVID-19 pandemic. The second part presents the characteristics of provided and received social support. Finally, the third part presents Catholic social coexistence rules as norms which can shape a personalistic social order. Additionally, this final section provides the practical implications of implementing two principles - love and subsidiarity - in order to increase the effectiveness of provided and received support. The last part consists of the final conclusions referring to the possibility of applying the Catholic principles of social coexistence in building assistance-providing relationships.
The article attempts to answer questions on the importance of the principles of social coexistence for interpersonal support, both to help other people and to receive support from the social environment. In this context, two research questions can be posed. Are the principles of social coexistence essential for providing help to another human being? Are the rules of social coexistence important for people receiving support from others?
Temporally-optimized spectrally-shaped hyperspectral coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy
Authors: Yang Lingxiao , Iyer Rishyashring , Sorrells Janet , Renteria Carlos , Boppart Stephen
Published: December 2023

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy offers label-free chemical contrasts based on molecular vibrations. Hyperspectral CARS (HS-CARS) microscopy enables comprehensive microscale chemical characterization of biological samples. Various HS-CARS methods have been developed with individual advantages and disadvantages. We present a new temporally-optimized and spectrally-shaped (TOSS) HS-CARS method to overcome the limitations of existing techniques by providing precise control of the spatial and temporal profiles of the excitation beams for efficient and accurate measurements. This method uniquely uses Fourier transform pulse shaping based on a two-dimensional spatial light modulator to control the phase and amplitude of the excitation beams. TOSS-HS-CARS achieves fast, stable, and flexible acquisition, minimizes photodamage, and is highly adaptable to a multimodal multiphoton imaging system.
Evaluation of Phytochemicals Constituents of Gyrocarpus asiaticus Willd. and Lactuca runcinata DC for Antioxidant Activity by Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Maity Surajit , Padhy Gopal Krishna , Kanthal Lakshmi Kanta , Pattanayak Suman
Published: December 2023

In this study, based on the molecular docking study, the antioxidant activity of phytochemicals constituents of hydroalcoholic extract of Gyrocarpus asiaticus Willd. and Lactuca runcinata DC were evaluated. For molecular docking study, ligand generation of phytochemicals constituents of Lactuca runcinata DC and Gyrocarpus asiaticus Willd. were performed by visualizing software Biovia Discovery Studio. The docking study of two proteins viz. NADPH oxidase (PDB ID 2CDU) and human carbonyl reductase–I (PDB ID 3BHI) with the identified phytochemicals constituents was done by Auto Dock Vina. Depending on the docking score, the best three compounds were selected from each plant. For physico-chemical properties prediction and toxicity of these compounds were predicted by the Swiss ADME and Orisis properties explorer.