bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Debt Management in Ukraine: The Problems and Directions of Optimization
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Petyk Liubov O. , Kozachuk Olena V. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Sebestyanovych Iryna S. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the current state of Ukraine’s debt in unstable conditions. The economic essence of the term «public debt management», as well as regulatory and legal support for the implementation of debt policy in the State, is given. It is noted that the management of both the public and the State-guaranteed debt is carried out by the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. A dynamic analysis of Ukraine’s public debt for 2017-2021 was carried out. The structure of the total amount of the public debt and the State-guaranteed debt of Ukraine for 2017-2021 is examined in terms of internal and external debt. During the research, a structural analysis of public debt in Ukraine in terms of foreign currencies as of 2021 was carried out, the amount of funds allocated from the State Budget of Ukraine for debt servicing and payments on the State derivatives during 2017-2021 was analyzed. The ratio of public debt to gross domestic product is computed. The main problems of the government borrowing market are given. The peculiarities of the risks of the public debt of Ukraine are characterized. Modern sources of financing of the State budget are considered. The directions of optimization of the State policy in the field of public debt management of Ukraine are allocated.
The Current Aspects of Digital Marketing: Key Performance Indicators
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Bubenets Iryna H. , Slomintsev Dmytro M. ,   State Biotechnological University
Published: January 2023

Due to the fact that new digital technologies are rapidly developing in the world, the process of digitalization of society, business and the State is actively underway, the present-day issue of digitalization of marketing activities of enterprises in order to timely adapt business to new challenges and ensure competitive advantages in the market is of relevance. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical aspects of determining the essence of digital marketing, features of the use of channels, digital marketing technologies, analytical indicators, and instruments for its effective use. In the analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific works of many scholars, the practical aspects of digitalization of marketing were considered, the views of researchers on the definition of the concept of «digital marketing» were systematized. As a result of the study, modern digital marketing instruments and channels are allocated. The possibilities of digital marketing and the dynamics of its development are defined. It is noted that, in addition to communication channels, digital marketing involves the use of modern online technologies to process the necessary information and creates a strategic asset of the enterprise – a database. Based on data analysis, management and marketing decisions are made. Accordingly, an important component for the digitalization of the marketing activity of the enterprise is business analytics, which is formed and obtained using web analytics. It is substantiated that the effect of the introduction of digital marketing instruments and channels will allow to use knowledge about the necessary web analytics systems and key performance indicators that reflect the effectiveness of digital marketing. The prospect of further research in this direction is the development of digital marketing strategies for various business areas, taking into account the results of the analysis of the main performance indicators of digital marketing.
Development of Heat Energy Markets: Experience of European Countries and Conclusions for Ukraine
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kyzym Mykola O. , Salashenko Tetiana I. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine, Kotliarov Yevhen I. ,   Research Centre of Industrial Problems of Development of NAS of Ukraine
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the European experience of the functioning of heat energy markets, identify the components of their deregulation, and develop proposals for the formation of regional heat markets in Ukraine. The article stipulates that currently there is no trans-European legislation on the formation of heat energy markets, there are only certain provisions that relate to its production, consumption and accounting. From a theoretical point of view, there are three types of competition in the heat energy markets: between heat supply sources; between producers of centralized heat; between companies for assets. The analyzed experience in the development of heat energy markets in three European countries testifies to the fundamental differences in its structure. Denmark’s heat energy markets are government-regulated, where there is a partial distinction between the functions of production, transportation, and distribution of heat; pricing is carried out on a regulatory basis of non-profit; there are no transparent conditions for access to the network, and the consumer has limited opportunities to disconnect from the system. In Sweden, competition is open at the wholesale level between heat producers; the functions of production and supply are demarcated, and the distribution and supply functions are combined; the retail heat market is self-regulating, which implies the need to coordinate heat prices between suppliers and consumers who, in case of disagreement, have the opportunity to refuse centralized heat supply. Lithuanian heat energy markets are open to wholesale competition and operate in the forward segment, while at the retail level they are regulated, where the transmission from production and supply has been unbundled; regulatory access to heating networks for independent producers has been introduced, and consumers have the right to refuse centralized heat supply. The highlighted features allowed to provide proposals for the formation of heat energy markets in Ukraine, including: the development of competition between heat producers; delimitation of the functions of production, transmission and distribution; formation of its forward, spot and balancing segments; introduction of auctions with the declared pricing method under the pressure of regulatory price restrictions, which are established on the basis of business standards according to the benchmarking system.
The Model of Economic Analysis of International Trade Between Ukraine and the European Union
Authors:   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Blahun Ivan S. , Nadvirnianskyi Yulian R. ,   Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University
Published: January 2023

The equations of gravity have undergone a significant evolution since their initial application in economics. The conception is perceived as originating in physics. However, international trade studies allow to a more thorough analysis of the instances of gravity equations application. The conception of gravity, initially underestimated by economists and devoid of solid theoretical foundations, was rarely used in empirical research. However, at present this conception has become the main instrument of analysis. First of all, this is determined by its empirical utility, ability to take into account many factors that shape trade, and, as a result, flexibility of its application. Over the past few years, the use of the conception of gravity has led to the conclusion that economists are finding more and more accurate methods for evaluating econometric models and taking into account increasingly complex factors. As a result, they go beyond purely economic factors that influence the intensity of trade relations between countries. It is worth noting that the conceptions formulated in early theories of trade, such as absolute advantage, comparative advantage, proportions of the provision of factors of production, and many others are directed towards studying the nature, causes and consequences of international trade. The so-called basis for international trade was seen alternately in various factors: differences in labor productivity, different proportions in the provision of factors of production, the effect of scale, the different position of countries on the so-called ladder of technological progress, etc. Some theories see the reasons for trade in differences between countries, others (for example, intra-industry trade) – in similarities. An important topic is also the role of entities operating with foreign capital in creating the trade flows.
Глобальная альтернатива (Global Alternative)
Authors: Изместьев С.В.
Published: January 2023

The present work is dedicated to the issues of transformation of social institutions of state and law under the influence of globalization and informatization processes. The subject of the research is the state and law in their historical and functional prospective, the phenomena of ritualization of state functions being lost as globalization (ritualistic state) progresses, ‘appropriation of states’ (sovereignty) by influence groups, absorption of sovereignty by global oligarchic power, consistent substitution of traditional law by legislation are investigated. In parallel, the genesis of the society globalization processes is also discussed, two key trends are distinguished: international globalization - the integration of states and their alliances into structures of transnational governance, «top-down globalization» and popular socio-media globalization - the formation of a global society, the public sphere, through dialogue on the Internet, «bottom-up globalization», their problems and prospects. The concept of global constitutionalism, its problems and prospects in terms of practical implementation is considered as an outcome of the processes of globalization in the state and legal sphere. A model is proposed for the development of global constitutionalism on the basis of a popular socio-media globalization, in a global public sphere united by common traditional, humanistic and spiritual values of the mankind, recognized human rights and freedoms, complemented by the right to freedom of dialogue in the Net (right to free communication) and freedom of access to the means of communication (right to the Internet), by initiating and approving basic standards shaped by the global civil society in the Net. International associations of activists and believers of the world’s traditional religions are proposed as the initiators of the global law. The adoption of a global constitution is proposed by its worldwide support (approval) by the society through a global direct vote on the Internet.
Empowerment Of Health Careers With The DABA Method To Reduce Maternal And Infant Mortality Rate (Early Detection Of The Risk Of Eclampsia And Post Partum Blooding) In The City Of Surabaya
Authors: Setyorini Dhiana , Cahyono Intim , Yessy Dessy Arna  , Adivtian Ragayasa
Published: January 2023

Masalah kesehatan yang menjadi keprihatinan dan perhatian  saat ini adalah masih tingginya angka kematian ibu dan Bayi. Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) merupakan salah satu  indikator untuk melihat derajat kesehatan bangsa. Menurut Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2017 menunjukkan bahwa  penyebab langsung kematian ibu antara lain: perdarahan 42%,  preekalmpsia atau eklamsia (PE-E) 13%, abortus 11%, infeksi 10%, partus lama atau persalinan macet 9%, dan penyebab lain  15%, sementara kematian ibu di Kota Surabaya tahun 2017 antara lain disebabkan karena preeklampsia atau eklampsia 32,4%, perdarahan 8,1%, sepsis atau infeksi 5,4%, partus lama 2,7% dan lain-lain 51,4%.  Angka kematian ibu di Kota Surabaya tahun 2017 8/100.000 KH, sementara AKB 7/1000 KH (Dinkes Kota Surabaya, 2019). Di Kelurahan Karah masih banyak ibu hamil dengan risiko yang tidak mau dirujuk, kader belum mampu untuk melakukan rujukan.  Pelatihan Metode DABA (dukungan, apresiasi, belajar, dan alih pengetahuan) akan diterapkan untuk meningkatkan peran kader kesehatan dalam menurunkan AKI dan AKB.  Pendekatan DABA adalah strategi komunikasi inovatif yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan respon kreatif masyarakat yang berakar pada kekuatan masyarakat (Community Life Competence, 2016). Metode DABA dalam pemberdayaan kader akan meningkatkan pengetahuan, motivasi dan kompetensi kader dalam melakukan deteksi dini risiko preeklampsi dan risiko perdarahan post partum sehingga akan meningkatkan  komitmen dan kemauan kader melakukan deteksi dini dan rujukan ke tebaga kesehatan.
Different application of COIL methodology in collaboration between Mexican and American Business Schools
Authors: Michalska Haduch Agata
Published: January 2023

This article presents the case study of collaboration in the teaching-learning process between the Business Schools of Mexican and American universities using the COIL methodology. Despite the great versatility of the COIL methodology, the literature on the subject is focused on so-called On Line COIL, which involves students from institutions located in different countries in a project developed asynchronously, using various means of electronic communication. There is almost no information of other forms of its implementation. Considering this absence, a different form of COIL called IN Person COIL that combined online collaboration with elements of face-to-face collaboration is described in the first case, meanwhile in the second case the traditional On Line COIL is presented. The results of the applied methodology and recommendations for instructors for those who would like to incorporate it into their didactic process are presented.
Establishing Terminology Management Infrastructure – A Case Study of Slovenian Defence and Military Terminology
Authors: Hazler Ana
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the process of establishing a terminology management infrastructure in the Slovenian Armed Forces (SAF) and the Ministry of Defence with the aim of ensuring standardized defence and military terminology. The process, which began in 2018, leaned on the best practices of the NATO Standardization Office and Canada’s Ministry of Defence, both of which have well-established military terminology management and standardization systems in place. As the process was established by language professionals, the paper attempts to identify the overall opinion with regard to terminology at the Ministry and in the SAF by means of a survey.
ПІСЕННА КУЛЬТУРА УКРАЇНИ ЯК ДЖЕРЕЛО ДУХОВНОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО НАРОДУ
Authors: Сбітнєва Людмила
Published: January 2023

У статті досліджується історія розвитку пісенної культури України як джерела духовності українського народу. Наголошено, що пісенна культура України має свої давні традиції. Вона була невід’ємною частиною самого життя і супроводжувала усі події в житті українського народу та впливала на формування моральних і естетичних уявлень українців.

Обґрунтовано, що українська народна пісня є одним із найкращих і найбагатших проявів духовних прикмет нашого народу. В її художніх образах історія народу відкривається ясно і велично. Зазначено, що важливу роль в народній пісні відіграє народно-поетичний пісенний матеріал, який володіє неповторною образною стихією та всебічно впливає на розвиток естетичних почуттів, розуміння художніх образів творів.

Доведено, що пісенна культура України має свої давні традиції, які було розпочато ще в Київській Русі, а особливе місце у розвитку співочої культури в Україні належить Києво-Печерській Лаврі. Перша «Співоча школа» була відкрита у містечку Глухові у 1738 році. В ній отримали музичну освіту велика кількість співаків і композиторів, які згодом стали відомими і своєю творчістю впливали на розвиток музичної культури українського народу.

Обґрунтовано, що ХVIII століття невипадково називають «золотою добою української музики», адже саме в цю пору розквітала музична творчість таких відомих композиторів як Д. Бортнянський, М. Березовський та А. Ведель.

Наголошено, що у другій половині ХІХ століття в українському культурному середовищі чимало українських композиторів виявляли інтерес до творчої обробки українських народних пісень.

Доведено, що у ХХ столітті, яке часто в мистецьких колах називають «пісенною епохою», українськими митцями було створено чимало пісенних творів з яскравими художніми образами, які стали популярними не тільки в нашій країні, але й далеко за її межами.

Автор вважає, що пісенне мистецтво, яке в українській музичній культурі займає особливе місце, протягом всієї історії українського народу відбивало національні ідеї, культуру мислення та сприяло зміцненню культурно-національної єдності. Пісенне мистецтво в Україні є глибоко національним та самобутнім явищем.
МІРКУВАННЯ ЯК ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНО-СМИСЛОВИЙ ТИП ЗВ’ЯЗНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ: ПЕДАГОГІЧНА ДІАГНОСТИКА ТА УМОВИ ФОРМУВАННЯ У ДІТЕЙ СТАРШОГО ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Біличенко Ганна , Міхєєва Олена , Боровик Вікторія
Published: January 2023

У статті обґрунтовано актуальність проблеми формування міркування як функціонально-смислового типу зв’язного мовлення у дітей старшого дошкільного віку. На основі аналізу проблеми виокремлені фактори, що дають можливість визначити вихідні позиції організації педагогічної діагностики особливостей міркування та створення оптимальних умов педагогічного впливу на розвиток цього типу зв’язного мовлення. Сутність педагогічної діагностики обумовлена змістом виділених критеріїв – інтелектуальним, лінгвістичним, особистісним, мовленнєвим. На основі даних критеріїв диференційовано рівні розвитку міркування у дітей старшого дошкільного віку – репродуктивний, нормативно-адаптивний, творчий та зазначено їх кількісні та якісні характеристики. Акцентовано положення щодо єдності розвитку мовлення та мислення, яке детермінувало вибір діагностичного інструментарію. Результати діагностування проаналізовані з позицій традиційних лінгвістичних характеристик, що є показові для цього виду зв’язного висловлювання: обсяг висловлювання, синтаксична будова висловлювання, засоби зв’язку окремих частин міркування, мовні засоби. Представлена методична інтерпретація результатів педагогічної діагностики, що засвідчує необхідність визначення оптимальних умов взаємодії дорослого та дитини у контексті проблеми дослідження. Доведено ефективність реалізації виокремлених умов педагогічного впливу: спеціально організована мовленнєва діяльність у процесі навчального діалогу та комунікативної взаємодії, організація спільної партнерської діяльності педагога та дитини, створення атмосфери для вільної самостійної мовленнєвої діяльності дітей. У висновках підкреслено значення супроводжувального стиля педагогічної взаємодії педагога та дитини, спеціальної організації розвивального мовленнєвого середовища та синергетичного ефекту комплексної реалізацій зазначених умов.
Neonatal Posterior Urethral Valves as a cause of Acute Abdominal Distention
Authors: Bernal Efren , Anderson Jana L
Published: January 2023

Introduction: An 18-day-old term, male presented to the emergency department (ED) for 1-2 days of progressive abdominal distention. Case Report: Over the past week the infant had been spitting more, but it was non-bilious and non-projectile. He had no fevers. On examination, he was ill appearing with a distended abdomen. A flat-plate of his abdomen was obtained that was concerning for possible partial small bowel obstruction, which led to extensive imaging with an upper and lower gastro-intestinal contrast studies that were negative. Ultimately, an ultrasound was performed that revealed marked bladder distention with hydronephrosis. A urinary catheter was placed to relieve his bladder obstruction. Avoiding cystourethrogram confirmed a diagnosis of posterior urethral valves. Conclusion: Posterior urethral valves (PUVs) as a cause of abdominal distention in the neonate is a rare presentation. PUVs have an incidence of 1/4000 male births; of which 1/3rd are detected in-utero, 1/3rd in the first year of life. Most infants with PUVs will present with a urinary tract infection, others present with failure to thrive, poor urine stream and or grunting while urinating. The neonate with acute abdominal distention warrants a thorough and expedited evaluation for possible acute surgical etiologies, such as midgut volvulus due to malrotation. Early identification of bladder obstruction by point of care ultrasound would have helped focus the evaluation and lead to earlier relief of his bladder obstruction. PUVs should be considered on all male infants with urinary tract infection, failure to thrive, poor urinary stream or abdominal distention.
Analysis of Extended Length of Stay in a Comprehensive Cancer Center
Authors: M Ameri , N Ali , K Dickson , K Koom-Dabzie , A Al-Ameri
Published: January 2023

Background: The management of cancer patients is complex and usually requires hospital admission in order to diagnose and treat complications related to cancer or its therapies. Solid tumor patients have a mean length of stay (LOS) of about 6 to 9 days. A large portion of the cancer patients has extended length of stay more than 10 days. Long hospital stays utilize more resources and is more expensive. Methods: We aimed to assess characteristics of patients with an extended length of stay at UT MD Anderson OncoHospitalist service in 2019 to identify focus areas that can help decrease extended LOS. Results: 172 out of 1449 patients with extended LOS were analyzed. This study has a 95% confidence interval of finding the true value within (±7%) of the real value. The results showed that 84% of prolonged admissions were due to medical issues and 18% of the patients were either discharged to hospice or died during their hospital stay. Further breakdown of the medical reasons for extended LOS indicated less 4% of these patients received inpatient radiation therapy; around 3% had complications from immunotherapy; 2% patients had issues with pain control and 7% of these patients had issues with placement. Overall, 50% of the patients who had issues with placement had Medicare and 25% had no health insurance. The study was unable to determine any association between the distances of primary residence from hospital to extended LOS. Conclusion: The study was able to identify focus areas such as early Goals of Care (GOC) in end-of-life care, protocolization of immunotherapy adverse reaction therapy, and criteria-based approach to earlier radiation oncology consultation for palliative radiation therapy. All of which will help decrease the extended LOS at places like UT MD Anderson and others.
Impact of Using Cephalomedullary Nails with and without Cement Augmentation in the Femoral Head to Avoid Cut-Out in Patients Undergoing Surgical Treatment of Transtrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Lima Leandro Gregorut , Silvério Neves Marco Aurélio , Santos Gustavo Rocha , Santos Dimas Vicente Terra , Silva Ivo Bruno da , Lucindo Alício Vargas , M. Pedrosa Filho Antonio Alvaro , Depauli Erick Augusto , Almeida Leite Leonardo Felicissimo de , Carvalho Sampaio Barbara Fialho
Published: January 2023

The transtrochanteric fracture of the femur is a public health problem that tends to increase with the aging of the population. One of the worst and most frequent complications of conventional treatment with fixation with a cephalomedullary nail is the cut-out effect. Objective: To compare the incidence of the cut-out effect of transtrochanteric femoral fracture fixation with a cephalomedullary nail with or without cement augmentation. Methods: prospective randomized study. Two groups were divided with 11 patients each with transtrochanteric fractures of the proximal femur Tronzo 3,4 or 5. Group A underwent fixation with a conventional cephalomedullary nail and Group B underwent fixation with a cephalomedullary nail with cement augmentation. Both groups were evaluated by the HOOS Score at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Result: There were no cut-out complication in the operated cases. Patients in Group B had a better evolution in the HOOS Score with a statistical difference of p<0.001.
Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: Partial Response and > 27 Years Overall Survival in 37-Year-Old Male Treated with Antineoplastons (Treatment of Glioblastoma with Antineoplastons)
Authors: Stanislaw Burzynski , Gregory Burzynski , Tomasz Janicki , Samuel Beenken
Published: January 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM), with its very poor prognosis, accounts for 57% of gliomas and 48% of malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors. After standard therapy, patients with GBM usually die within six months. The case of an adult male with a newly-diagnosed GBM is presented here to detail/discuss the efficacy of ANP therapy (Antineoplaston A10 {Atengenal} and Antineoplaston AS2-1 {Astugenal}) in the treatment of GBM and to permit a review of the Phase II Protocol BT-07. Objectives: This patient was treated at the Burzynski Clinic (BC), according to the Phase II Protocol, BT-07, which utilized IV ANP therapy in the treatment of patients with newly-diagnosed GBMs. ANP therapy was delivered via subclavian catheter and infusion pump. Tumor response was measured by sequential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain utilizing gadolinium enhancement. Findings: At age 37, this patient was diagnosed with GBM of the right frontal lobe after subtotal tumor resection performed elsewhere. At age 37 years and six months, he presented to the BC with this newly diagnosed disease. He had a recent history of forgetfulness and personality change. Neurologic examination was otherwise normal. Baseline brain MRI at the BC revealed a measurable enhancing nodule (4.0 cm x 2.0 cm) in the right frontal lobe. Intravenous (IV) ANP therapy began in November 1995 and a partial response (PR) was achieved within three months. After another 5 months of IV ANP therapy, the patient underwent a complete tumor resection, then additional ANP therapy. Now, > 27 years later, the patient is doing well and showing no evidence of tumor recurrence. Conclusions: The utilization of ANP therapy to facilitate a cure in a patient with newly-diagnosed GBM is presented. We conclude that ANP therapy is an attractive therapeutic option for adults with a GBM who are ineligible for or refuse standard therapy.
Cambodian students' motivation in the learning English language: A small-scale survey at a private high school in Phnom Penh
Authors: Em Sereyrath , Yun Minea , Dorn Brak , Sao Vannak , Sin Pheara
Published: January 2023

English has become the world's language, and it has been used by many people in different countries as a means of international communication. Motivation to learn English has been seen as the most important factor contributing to the success of students' learning. The current study employed a quantitative design and was conducted to find out the motivation levels of students studying English as a foreign language at a private high school in Phnom Penh. 60 students participated in a survey after we sought agreement from school principals and teachers of English there. The findings show that the students in the studied context were more extrinsically motivated to learn English rather than intrinsically. The sum of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations also revealed students' moderate motivation to learn English. Due to the small scale of the survey study, a future study should be conducted with larger sample size and at other educational institutions across Cambodia. Qualitative and mixed-methods designs are also highly recommended.
EVALUATION OF PROCESSES IN THE ARTS CLASS IN TERMS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
Authors: BERGEROVÁ XÉNIA , ŠEVČOVIČ MARTIN
Published: January 2023

The paper evaluates teaching methods in the school subject Arts on the 2nd level of primary school. The collected data were evaluated using the grounded theory, which is based on the research processes of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. The research brough about a new theory that introduces an evaluation workbook into the teaching of Arts class – a practice which is not common in Slovak schools. The evaluative research tool (non-standardized) is not only aimed at supporting and streamlining processes in Arts class, but also at motivating students in their artistic endeavours.
FIRST AID IN EDUCATION
Authors: HRUŠKOVÁ MARTINA , SHONOVÁ KRISTÝNA , ONDŘICHOVÁ LADISLAVA , ČERMÁKOVÁ ALENA
Published: January 2023

This article aimed to analyse, through a questionnaire, teachers’ knowledge and opinions regarding basic first aid. Teachers (N=382) from South Bohemia (municipalities with different populations and, with regard to the gender ratio in staff, mostly women) filled out questionnaires between 2017 and 2020. They also mentioned changes in pupils’ health conditions, and these data were compared with anonymized statistical data of the Emergency Medical Service in the same region of the Czech Republic (6% of the Czech Republic’s population, data from August 2018 to June 2019). One third to half of all teachers stated that some health crisis required first aid at school and/or outside school. Teachers caring for older children and adolescents report a lower incidence of cases than pre-primary teachers. Through the questionnaire survey we found (a) significant differences in the mean values of knowledge of first aid in total between all subgroups of teachers (p≤0.05) and (b) in the level of knowledge of first aid for traumas and acute conditions of chronic diseases (p≤0.05; in favour of the non-traumatic acute conditions). But overall, the level of knowledge was insufficient (mean values between 69 % in pre-primary and 84 % in elementary-school teachers in a standard first-aid test). Results show the importance of the inclusion of first aid in the training of teachers in pre-primary, primary, and lower and higher secondary schools. A majority of teachers feel it would be appropriate to provide training in first aid in both traumatic and non-traumatic acute conditions once every two years, predominantly using simulations.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS TINDAK PIDANA UJARAN KEBENCIAN PADA MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP PERILAKU CYBERBULLIYING MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 19 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Yuserlina Anny , Failin Failin
Published: January 2023

In today's modern era, the existence of various technological speeds ushers in changes and developments in the times, information technology science is also developing in accordance with modern times. Indonesia has been affected by the development of information technology in this era of globalization. One of the uses of this information technology is the existence of various social media spread to users in various circles. The crime of hate speech in positive law in Indonesia has been regulated in the Criminal Code which is further abbreviated as the Criminal Code, which is contained in Articles 156, 156a, 157, 310, 311 of the Criminal Code. Hate speech is also regulated in Law Number 11 of 2008 jo. Law 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, namely in Article 28 Paragraph (2) jo Article 45 Paragraph (2). Hate speech and cyberbullying given to a certain person or group of people steal a lot of attention these days. Through posts on social media with hate speech, it is increasingly being discussed. Many internet users (netizens) disseminate a post (images, photos, videos, sounds, and words) using hate speech that causes insults, defamation, blasphemy, and so on.Keywords: Crime, Hate Speech, Social Media, Cyberbulliying
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN MATA PELAJARAN PEMELIHARAAN MESIN KENDARAAN RINGAN KELAS XI TKR SMK NEGERI 2 PADANG SIDEMPUAN
Authors: Alwi Erzeddin , Harahap Munawir , Fernandez Donny , Milana Milana
Published: January 2023

The lack of learning resources and continued reliance on a teacher-centered learning approach for issues related to light vehicle engine repair served as the driving force for this study. The goal of this study is to provide a trustworthy and useful module for the Light Vehicle Engine Maintenance course for students in the Vocational School SMKN 2 Padangsidempuan's 11th grade Light Vehicle Enginering (Teknik Kendaraan Ringan/TKR) Study Program. The research and development technique is this kind of study. The approach is a four-step process called the Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. The study's participants were 11th-grade students at the vocational school SMKN 2 Padangsidempuan's Light Vehicle Engineering (Teknik Kendaraaan Rimgan/TKR) Study Program. To evaluate the accuracy and usefulness of the data gathered, a questionnaire assessment sheet was employed during the data gathering procedure.Keywords: Module, Light Vehicle Engine Maintenance
KONTRIBUSI PENEMPATAN TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA PEGAWAI DI DINAS PENDIDIKAN KOTA PADANG
Authors: Desfitri Eni
Published: January 2023

This study aims to explain the contribution of placement to employee work motivation at the Padang City Education Office. The method used in this study is a quantitative research method of ex post facto research that will describe the contribution of placement to employee motivation at the Padang City Education Office. This population involved 51 samples from a total population of 121 people, with a stratified proportional random sampling technique with education level and years of service. Data collection techniques used questionnaires, and analyzed by statistical correlation and regression techniques.  The results of data processing and analysis showed that the placement of employees contributed significantly (15%) to the work motivation of administrative employees. And it can be concluded that the placement of employees affects the work motivation of the Padang City Education Office employees. Keywords: Placement, Employees, Work Motivation
Dynamic of the Earth crust vertical movements during the Holocene
Authors: Esin Nikolay I. , Khortov Alexey V.
Published: January 2023

This work is a complex of theoretical studies of the dynamics of local vertical earth's crust movements. The article proposes a method for separating local curves of sea level change into eustatic and tectonic components. The results of calculations of the dynamics of the local Mediterranean coast vertical movements in the Holocene using materials from geological studies are presented. The data of satellite measurements of the current tectonic movement velocities are presented. The calculated values and satellite measurements are compared.
Classification of the lakes of the Republic of Abkhazia according to the universal limno-ecological classification (ULEC)
Authors: Galeeva Asiya I. , Gorbunova Anna V. , Mingazova Nafisa M.
Published: January 2023

In the modern world, in order to solve the problems of sustainable use of lakes, their classification is of particular importance. There are various single-parameter and multi-parameter classifications of lakes. Multi-parameter typification methods are rare and can be classified as universal, capable of solving complex problems of lake nature management at different levels. This work is devoted to the study of the problems of typification of lakes on the example of the Republic of Abkhazia. The paper reveals the potential of the Universal Limno-Ecological Classification (ULEС), developed by the authors and taking into account all the main components of the lake system, which makes it possible to describe the type of lake in the form of a single formula suitable for solving problems of lake nature management at different levels.
ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION OF THE SUBSYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN NORTHEAST ASIA FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE CIVILIZATIONAL APPROACH PART 2
Authors:   Moscow International University, Moscow, Russian Federation, NIKIFOROV  SVYATOSLAV
Published: January 2023

The purpose and objectives. The purpose of the article is to analyze the formation of the subsystem of international relations in Northeast Asia from the point of view of the civilizational approach, and the role of such countries as China, Japan, Mongolia and Korea in this process. Methodological approach. The methodology of L.N. Gumilev is the main one in the work, as well as the systematic approach developed in Oriental political science by A.D. Voskresensky, general scientific methods of cognition and the comparative historical method are also used. Results and conclusions. The article offers an examination of the ideology and model of conducting foreign policy of individual countries of Northeast Asia, primarily China, Japan, Mongolia and Korea, from the point of view of a civilizational approach in the context of the formation of a new order and a new subsystem of international relations in Northeast Asia. Originality and value. The study is valuable in view of its relevance and originality of the work, which focuses on obtaining new knowledge about the ideology and model of conducting foreign policy of individual countries of Northeast Asia, primarily China, Japan, Mongolia and Korea, the study of contradictions between ethnic and non-ethnic systems of these states, determining their role in the emergence of a new, the change of the Mongol-Chinese-centric order, and a new stage in the history of international relations in Northeast Asia.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ELEMENTS FOR THE TASK OF DETERMINING THE POSITION OF THE VEHICLE IN THE IMAGE
Authors:   Nizhnevartovsk State University, Nizhnevartovsk, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, Russian Federation, KATERMINA TATYANA , LAZORENKO  EVGENIJ
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to solving the problem of determining the boundaries of the vehicle on the image. This task is an intermediate step to solve other, more local tasks related to the identification of vehicles in the image or video stream. The article in detail considers existing methods and approaches to solving problems of computer vision, including modern architectures of neural networks. Tiny-YOLO-InceptionResNet was chosen as the primary neural network and was modified during the research process. The architecture of the resulting neural network is given in this paper. The training of the neural network was preceded by the preparation of a data set that allowed for a more rational use of computing resources during training. As a result of the research the model of finding the boundaries of the vehicle on the image was developed. The accuracy of this model is 88%.
Scholarly Communication: A Discipline that should be promoted
Authors:   Pompeu Fabra University, Codina Lluís , Morales-Vargas Alejandro ,   University of Chile, Pedraza Jiménez Rafael ,   Pompeu Fabra University, Cortiñas-Rovira Sergi ,   Pompeu Fabra University
Published: January 2023

Scholarly Communication is the name given to a wide field of activities related to the different ways in which the authors of academic works publish and disseminate their results. It includes tasks whose connections to this publication are not only direct, but mutually influenced. These are the tasks of dissemination, treatment, analysis, and information retrieval, such as those carried out by databases and other agents. But the issue goes even further and other activities must be added, equally interconnected, such as preservation and increased visibility, along with specialized actions carried out by university libraries. It is concluded that academic communication, despite its breadth and diversity (or precisely because of it), should be studied by a unified discipline that, thanks to a holistic vision, helps to overcome its main problems. This paper presents some of these problems and defends the need for both the field of activities itself and the discipline that studies them to receive a clearer and more determined impulse.
Viruela Símica
Authors: Gastelo-Acosta Rosy , Tsukayama-Cisneros Pablo
Published: January 2023

El virus de la viruela símica (Mpox) es un virus de ADN bicatenario, es una enfermedad zoonótica rara causada por la infección con el virus del género Orthopoxvirus, de la familia Poxviridae, por lo general la infección da lugar a la formación de lesiones, nódulos cutáneos o exantema diseminado. El período de incubación suele ser 6 a 13 días, sin embargo puede variar entre 5 y 21 días(1). Todos los casos de Mpox identificados fuera de áreas endémicas hasta mayo de 2022 eran importados o vinculados a un caso importado o a animales importados de áreas endémicas. Existen dos clados distintos de Mpox en diferentes regiones geográficas de África: el clado de África Central y el de África Occidental, siendo éste último el de menor virulencia. El Mpox pertenece al grupo 3 de la clasificación del Comité Asesor de Patógenos peligrosos de Reino Unido(2). Produce síntomas similares a los observados en el pasado en pacientes con viruela, aunque clínicamente es menos grave. Con la erradicación de la viruela en 1980 y el posterior cese de la vacunación contra la viruela, el Mpox se ha convertido en el Orthopoxvirus más importante para la salud pública.
Epidemias, medicina y hambruna en las Guerras de la Independencia del Perú
Authors: Morales-Soto Nelson Raúl
Published: January 2023

El autor, reconocido médico internista e historiador de la medicina, anota en el Prefacio: “En la presente obra, “Epidemias, medicina y hambruna en las Guerras de la Independencia del Perú", se revisa la manera de cómo se enfrentaba a la enfermedad, de cómo se describían las epidemias, de cómo se prevenían las posibles afectaciones de la salud durante las marchas y los viajes, de cómo se atendía a los heridos en combate y de cómo fue que padecieron las enfermedades antes de morir o sobrevivir durante el periodo de las guerras independentistas”.
EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF MICROCIRCULATORY DISORDERS IN LATE LATENT SYPHILIS (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors:   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Bondarenko G. M. , Nikitenko I. M. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Bezruchenko O. A. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Kutova V. V. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Gubenko T. V. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine»
Published: January 2023

The aim. Study of the state of the microcirculatory bed in patients with late syphilis with the aim of timely correction of vascular complications of the disease. The results. A clinical case from the practice of dermatovenerologist doctors is given. Conclusions. The key goal of preventing a severe course of syphilis should be to stabilize the microcirculatory channel. For the timely detection of vascular disorders, it is sufficient to determine the perfusion index by pulse oximetry.
DETERMINATION OF INDIVIDUAL PROGNOSTIC MARKERS OF DISEASE SEVERITY OF PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS IN THE POST-COVID19 PERIOD
Authors:   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Kutasevych Ya. F. , Kondakova H. K. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Dzhoraieva S. K. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Goncharenko V. V. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Shevchenko Z. M. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Levitska O. V. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Tsymbal V. M. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine», Vitkovska M. O. ,   SE «Institute of Dermatology and Venerеology of NAMS of Ukraine»
Published: January 2023

Psoriasis is considered a systemic disease with damage not only to the skin, but also to functional and morphological disorders of other organs and systems of the body, which significantly worsen as a result of transmission by patients of COVID‑19, therefore, the determination of assessment markers of disease severity in the post-covid period is of some interest. The purpose of the work is to determine the most informative prognostic markers of the severity of psoriasis in the blood sera of patients who have suffered from COVID‑19 in the post-epidemic period. Materials and methods. With the help of immunoenzymatic analysis and biochemical studies, the levels of IL‑6, CRP, troponin, ferritin, procalcitonin, hemostasiological indicators, as well as the functional state of the liver in the blood sera of 34 patients with psoriasis and 20 practically healthy individuals were determined. Results and discussion. Based on the results of the study, the most informative assessment markers were established in the sera of patients with psoriasis in the post-covid period. The obtained data indicate the need to take into account these indicators in the treatment of patients, especially when using immunosuppressive agents. Conclusions. When studying the functions of the hepatobiliary system in patients with psoriasis in the post-covid period, deviations from the norm of the hepatocellular type (increased levels of AlT, AsT) are observed, and in patients with psoriasis – of the mixed type (increased levels of AlT, AsT and alkaline phosphatase). When studying the state of the hemostasis system, changes in hemostasiological parameters were noted: an increase in the activated partial thromboplastin time [(30.38 ± 2.21) sec], an increase in PTI and a slight increase in fibrinogen content. It was established that the most indicative markers of the presence of an inflammatory process are the concentrations of CRP, IL 6 and D-dimer, the levels of which were higher than the normal level in all studied groups with the maximum increase in the group of patients with psoriasis in the post-epidemic period [(40.8 ± 1, 6) mg/l, against (4.8 ± 1.7) mg/l; (17.9 ± 3.4) pg/ml vs. (2.7± 1.1) pg/ml and (1321.3±634.3) ng/ml vs. (286±76.4 ng/ml), respectively, p ≤ 0.05; p ≤ 0.005], which may indicate a systemic inflammatory response.
Small-scale OrganoCat processing to screen rapeseed straw for efficient lignocellulose fractionation
Authors: Martinez Diaz Jimena , Grande Philipp Michael , Klose Holger
Published: January 2023

Agricultural residues such as rapeseed straw can be a valuable source of cellulose, sugars, and aromatic molecules like lignin. Understanding its composition is crucial in order to develop suitable processing technology for the production of biofuel or biochemicals from rapeseed straw. Here, we developed a small-scale OrganoCat system to screen multiple technical conditions and different samples at higher throughput and utilize this system to analyze straw samples from a set of 14 genetically different Brassica lines on their processability. Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the effects of cell wall polymer features on rapeseed biomass disintegration. At comparably mild reaction conditions, the differences in recalcitrance towards OrganoCat fractionation within the set were especially associated with parameters such as pectic polysaccharide content, acetylation, and hemicellulose composition. These findings can subsequently be used to optimize and scale up the pretreatment and fractionation of lignocellulose derived from rapeseed straw.
Graphs of protein-water hydrogen bond networks to dissect structural movies of ion-transfer microbial rhodopsins
Authors: Bertalan Éva , Bondar Ana-Nicoleta
Published: January 2023

Microbial rhodopsins are membrane proteins that use the energy absorbed by the covalently bound retinal chromophore to initiate reaction cycles resulting in ion transport or signal transduction. Thousands of distinct microbial rhodopsins are known and, for many rhodopsins, three-dimensional structures have been solved with structural biology, including as entire sets of structures solved with serial femtosecond crystallography. This sets the stage for comprehensive studies of large datasets of static protein structures to dissect structural elements that provide functional specificity to the various microbial rhodopsins. A challenge, however, is how to analyze efficiently intra-molecular interactions based on large datasets of static protein structures. Our perspective discusses the usefulness of graph-based approaches to dissect structural movies of microbial rhodopsins solved with time-resolved crystallography.