bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technical and Tactical Command Decision Algorithm of Football Matches Based on Big Data and Neural Network
Authors: Fang Lei , Wei Qiang , Xu Cheng Jian
Published: April 2021

A successful football team not only consists of more than a dozen people on the field but also includes a complete training, analysis, coaching team behind it, and the same basic education and youth training system. With the development of scientific concepts and the advancement of computer technology, more people have begun to study the use of modern technology to replace part of the traditional human work with low creativity and the use of more convenient quantitative analysis, prediction and other technologies to assist football professionals’ decision-making. Based on big data and neural network technology, this paper has designed a novel football technical and tactical command decision algorithm. First, the use of big data technology for analyzing the characteristics of the historical big data of football competitions provides valuable data for the work of this article. Secondly, to formulate scientific and reasonable football technical and tactical command, it requires learning effective offensive or defensive strategies from the big data of football competitions. This article uses deep neural networks to learn massive amounts of football competition data, which can effectively predict the offensive and defensive tactics of each position of the team to a certain extent. In addition, in order to better learn the timing video data of football matches, this paper also has proposed to use long- and short-term memory networks to improve the algorithm of this paper. The proposed method has achieved good results in football technical and tactical command and decision-making and also provides some new ideas for the subject of football combined with computer technology.
Comparison of Nesting Features and Breeding Success of Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur between Orchards and Riparian Habitats
Authors: Mansouri Ismail , Squalli Wafae , El Agy Abdelbari , El-Hassani Abderahim , El Ghadraoui Lahcen , Dakki Mohamed
Published: April 2021

The European turtle dove Streptopelia turtur breeds in both farmlands and woodlands, and it is important to explore the difference in breeding ecology of this threatened game in these two ecosystem types. This study, carried out during four years (2015–2018), compares nesting features of this species and its breeding success between apple orchards and riparian vegetation in Midelt Province, Morocco. The main result revealed that the nest placement, including nesting-tree height and nest height, is similar between orchards and riparian trees. However, the nest dimensions (big and small diameters) were larger in orchards. Correlations were variable among nest placement parameters and dimensions. On the contrary, in four breeding seasons, where 566 nests were monitored (467 in orchards and 99 in riparian sites), the average breeding success was different (57% of chicks in apple farms and 53% in riparian vegetation). Moreover, in apple orchards, clutches’ failure is due to both predation (18.89% of eggs and 10.54% of chicks) and temperature lowering (5.03% of unhatched eggs and 5.49% of dead chicks), while in riparian vegetation, the loss is due to nest desertion (21.33% of clutches) and mostly predation (33.16% of clutches).
Optimization Technology of Frequency Conversion Constant Pressure Control System of Mine Emulsion Pump Station in Electrical Engineering and Automation Specialty
Authors: Tian Cong , Wei Xiwen , Yang Chao , Su Chang
Published: April 2021

No matter in metal mines or coal mines, an emulsion pump station has a wide range of application market and can play an important role. In this paper, the frequency conversion constant pressure control system of the mine emulsion pump station is taken as the research object. The two kinds of water‐based drawing fluids used are dispersed drawing fluid and emulsion drawing fluid. After the intelligent level of the equipment reaches a very high level, an environmentally friendly, safe, and efficient Internet of Things technology system will be added. Combined with 3D laser scanning technology based on self‐scanning of road contours, the blast method is input to the terminals of the emulsion pump station for automatic blast hole positioning and semiautomation of the emulsion pump station. Combined with 5 g communication and other intelligent key technologies, it realizes high‐end functions such as fault self‐diagnosis, remote operation, and remote monitoring of the emulsion pump station and rock drill, which can be called full intelligent stage. The results show that the initial friction coefficient of drawing fluid A lubrication is 0.21, and then, with the extension of time, the friction coefficient gradually decreases to 0.14. The initial friction coefficient of drawing fluid B is 0.22, then it decreases rapidly to 0.13, then it is stable at 0.17, and then it remains basically unchanged. When the temperature is 55°C, the initial friction coefficient is 0.16 and then decreases to 0.12. Therefore, the frequency conversion constant pressure control system of the mine emulsion pump station should be selected according to the environment and application scenarios.
A 36-Hour Unplugged Full-Scale Exercise: Closing the Gaps in Interagency Collaboration between the Disaster Medical Assistance Team and Urban Search and Rescue Team in Disaster Preparedness in Taiwan
Authors: Foo Ning-Ping , So Edmund Cheung , Lu Nai-Chen , Hsieh Shih-Wei , Pan Shih-Tien , Chen Yu-Long , Hung Yu-Cheng , Wong Siu-Fung , Hsu Chi-Feng , Chen Chung-Yu
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Disaster medical assistance team (DMAT) and urban search and rescue team (USAR) need to cooperate seamlessly to save lives in disasters, but related research is limited. Objectives. To estimate the disaster preparedness of the DMAT and the barriers affecting interagency cooperation between the DMAT and the USAR team. Methods. This was an observational study of a full-scale exercise conducted in Taiwan from November 16 to 18, 2018. The exercise scenario simulated a magnitude 7 earthquake in Tainan City. DMATs from other counties were deployed and cooperated with local USAR teams to carry out disaster relief. Our study invited 7 experts to evaluate DMATs on disaster preparedness capabilities and the interagency collaboration between DMATs and USAR. Results. A total of eight DMATs, consisting of 30 physicians, 65 nurses, 74 logisticians, 5 health bureau personnel, and 85 USAR teams, participated in this exercise. During the mission, 176 patients were treated. The capabilities of each team were generally consistent with the basic technical standards for type I emergency medical teams, but the compliance rates for basic local anesthesia, cold chain equipment for medication, rapid blood test tools, and sterilization devices were only 50%, 12.5%, 12.5%, and 9%, respectively. In addition, 53% of participants reported abnormal vital signs, indicating that it was a high-stress situation. Moreover, the main barriers to interagency collaboration were differing perspectives and poor mutual understanding. Conclusion. A full-scale exercise carried out jointly with DMATs and USAR teams was valuable for disaster preparedness, particularly in terms of understanding the weaknesses of those teams and the barriers to interagency collaboration.
Synchronization Analysis of a Class of Neural Networks with Multiple Time Delays
Authors: Wang Changyou , Yang Qiang , Jiang Tao , Li Nan
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we study the synchronization of a new fractional-order neural network with multiple delays. Based on the control theory of linear systems with multiple delays, we get the controller to analyse the synchronization of the system. In addition, a suitable Lyapunov function is constructed by using the theory of delay differential inequality, and some criteria ensuring the synchronization of delay fractional neural networks with Caputo derivatives are obtained. Finally, the accuracy of the method is verified by a numerical example.
Toeplitz Operators whose Symbols Are Borel Measures
Authors: Park Jaehui
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we are concerned with Toeplitz operators whose symbols are complex Borel measures. When a complex Borel measure

μ

on the unit circle is given, we give a formal definition of a Toeplitz operator

T

μ

with symbol

μ

, as an unbounded linear operator on the Hardy space. We then study various properties of

T

μ

. Among them, there is a theorem that the domain of

T

μ

is represented by a trichotomy. Also, it was shown that if the domain of

T

μ

contains at least one polynomial, then

T

μ

is densely defined. In addition, we give evidence for the conjecture that

T

μ

with a singular measure

μ

reduces to a trivial linear operator.
Study on the Bioassay of Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fuke Qianjin Capsule Based on COX-2 Inhibiting Activity
Authors: Ma Run-ran , Yang Xiao-juan , Huang Ying , Chen Shuai-shuai , Xiao Xiao-he , Wang Jia-bo , Niu Ming
Published: April 2021

Fuke Qianjin Capsule (FKQJ) is a common TCM compound formula in the treatment of gynecological inflammation-related diseases. This study intends to explore and establish a bioassay method to further improve its quality control. The bioassay method for the determination of anti-inflammatory biopotency was established based on its inhibitory activity on recombinant human cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an active target of FKQJ in the treatment of female pelvic inflammatory disease. We firstly established chemical fingerprint of 20 batches of FKQJ by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography to identify the components and analyze the chemical similarities. The similarity within different batches of FKQJ was relatively high. The values of similarity of the 19 batches were between 0.973 and 0.995, while one batch’s similarity value was 0.813. Celecoxib, a selective inhibitor of COX-2, was chosen as the positive control drug in COX-2 activity assay to establish an anti-inflammatory biopotency detection method based on parallel line test of qualitative response. The methodological investigation showed that the method possessed good repeatability and precision. Secondly, the anti-inflammatory biopotency of 20 batches of FKQJ for inhibiting COX-2 was determined. The results showed that the biopotency of different batches of FKQJ ranged from 676 U/μg to 1310 U/μg, with average value of 918 U/μg and RSD of 16.7%. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, we found that three contents were highly correlated with the anti-inflammatory biopotency, while chlorogenic acid was validated of the strongest anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Compared with chemical detection, bioassay can better reflect the quality fluctuation of different batches of products and correlate the known pharmacodynamic targets. The supplement of the bioassay method based on chemical evaluation is helpful to improve the quality control ability of Chinese patent medicine and ensure its clinical efficacy is stable and controllable.
Youth Reproductive Health Service Utilization and Associated Factors among Amhara Region Female Night Students, Ethiopia
Authors: Liyeh Tewachew Muche , Goshu Yitayal Ayalew , Belay Habtamu Gebrehana , Tasew Habtamu Abie , Mihiretie Gedefaye Nibret , Ayalew Abeba Belay
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Youth is a decisive age to shape the direction of their life and that of their family. However, due to the host of biological, social, and economic factors, adolescent females can be at high risk of adverse sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Therefore, assessing youth reproductive service utilization and associated factors among female night students is very crucial for timely intervention to their gaps. Method. An institutional‐based cross‐sectional study design was conducted in Amhara region among 2,050 female night students from September 15 to November 15, 2018. A self‐administered pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the strength of association between predictor and outcome variables. P value less than or equal to 0.05 is considered as the level of significance. Results. Out of the total respondents, about 54.6%(CI: 52.5%‐56.8%) of them utilized reproductive health services. Respondents who were attending secondary education (AOR = 2.55, 95%CI = 1.97‐5.62), attitude towards youth reproductive health services (AOR = 2.74, 95%CI = 2.07‐5.30), those who had a habit of communicating on sexual and reproductive health issues with their family (AOR = 3.66, 95%CI = 3.59‐7.41), discussion on sexual and reproductive health issue with peers/friends (AOR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.01‐2.02), respondents with good knowledge on youth reproductive health services (AOR = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.49‐2.75), and those who had faced reproductive health problems (AOR = 2.03, 95%CI = 1.49‐2.75) were significantly associated with youth reproductive health service utilization. Conclusion. Youth reproductive health service utilization among female night students was not satisfactory. Therefore, special focus should be given to female night students by providing accessible, acceptable, confidential, flexible, and friendly reproductive health service utilization. Finally, community health promotion and education are mandatory to promote the practice of discussing youth reproductive health issues with their children.
Lupus Pneumonitis Therapy Masks Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors: Soloway S. , DePace N. L. , Soloway A. M. , Colombo J.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Coronavirus pneumonitis can mimic, or present as, lupus pneumonitis. Lupus may cause inflammation of the myocardium. Lupus pneumonitis high-dose steroid therapy may mask coronavirus (COVID-19). Case Study. The patient is a 65 y/o Hispanic female with lupus pneumonitis complicated by COVID-19. Her diagnosis was confirmed by a renal biopsy. She had nephritic and nephrotic syndrome. She was hospitalized a month earlier with shortness of breath with pulmonary infiltrates and was treated with steroids. The symptoms resolved quickly with shrinking consolidations and infiltrates. The patient returned to the office for shortness of breath with a presumptive diagnosis of recurrent lupus pneumonitis from steroid taper. The patient had a CT scan of the chest that revealed upper lobe interstitial and peripheral infiltrates. The radiologist felt that this was suspicious for coronavirus pneumonitis, and the patient was placed in isolation and continued therapy for lupus pneumonitis. She deteriorated, became hypoxic, and ventilated. Conclusion. All lupus pneumonitis patients, in fact all lupus patients in general (personal experience), on high-dose steroid therapy should be tested for COVID-19 to ensure proper diagnosis and therapy planning.
Identification of SHMT2 as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlating with Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Luo Lianxiang , Zheng Yushi , Lin Zhiping , Li Xiaodi , Li Xiaoling , Li Mingyue , Cui Liao , Luo Hui
Published: April 2021

It has attracted growing attention that the role of serine hydroxy methyl transferase 2 (SHMT2) in various types of cancers. However, the prognostic role of SHMT2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and its relationship with immune cell infiltration is not clear. In this study, the information of mRNA expression and clinic data in LUAD were, respectively, downloaded from the GEO and TCGA database. We conducted a biological analysis to select the signature gene SHMT2. Online databases including Oncomine, GEPIA, TISIDB, TIMER, and HPA were applied to analyze the characterization of SHMT2 expression, prognosis, and the correlation with immune infiltration in LUAD. The mRNA expression and protein expression of SHMT2 in LUAD tissues were higher than in normal tissue. A Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with lower expression level of SHMT2 had a better overall survival rate. Multivariate analysis and the Cox proportional hazard regression model revealed that SHMT2 expression was an independent prognostic factor in patients with LUAD. Meanwhile, the gene SHMT2 was highly associated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in LUAD. These results suggest that the SHMT2 gene is a promising candidate as a potential prognostic biomarker and highly associated with different types of immune cell infiltration in LUAD.
Prognostic Utility of Prechemoradiotherapy Albumin-to-Alkaline Phosphatase Ratio in Unresectable Locally Advanced Pancreatic Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Haksoyler Veysel , Topkan Erkan
Published: April 2021

Background. We investigated the prognostic usefulness of prechemoradiotherapy (CRT) albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) in unresectable locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (LAPAC) patients managed with definitive concurrent CRT (CCRT). Methods. A sum of 136 LAPAC patients who consecutively underwent definitive CCRT was retrospectively analyzed. The AAPR (serum albumin (g/dL)/serum alkaline phosphatase (IU/L)) was calculated by using the parameters obtained from the routine biochemistry tests on the first day of the CCRT. Ideal AAPR cutoff was sought by utilizing receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The primary and secondary endpoints were the impact of the AAPR on the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) results, respectively. Results. At a median follow-up of 14.8 months (range: 3.2-85.7), the median PFS and OS times were 7.5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 6.0-9.0) and 14.9 months (95% CI: 11.9-17.9), respectively. The ideal common AAPR cutoff was identified at the rounded 0.46 (area under the curve: 72.3%; sensitivity: 71.2%; specificity: 70.3%) point that dichotomized the patients into two groups: low AAPR (L-AAPR;

N
=
71

) and high AAPR (H-AAPR;

N
=
65

) groups, respectively. Comparative survival analyses showed that the L-AAPR cohort had significantly shorter median PFS (6.8 (95% CI: 5.7-7.9) versus 11.3 (95% CI: 9.9-12.7) months;

P
=
0.005

) and OS (12.8 (95% CI: 10.6-15.0) versus 19.2 (95% CI: 16.9-21.5) months;

P
=
0.001

) durations than their H-AAPR counterparts, separately. Albeit the N1-2 (

P
=
0.004

) and

CA
 
19
‐
9
>
90
 
U
/
mL

(

P
=
0.008

) were also found to be associated with inferior outcomes, yet the results of the multivariate analyses ascertained the L-AAPR as an independent indicator of diminished PFS (

P
=
0.003

) and OS (

P
=
0.002

) results. Conclusion. The present results proposed that the pretreatment

AAPR
<
0.46

was a novel independent indicator of adverse PFS and OS in unresectable LAPAC patients undergoing definitive CCRT.
An Inventory Model for Growing Items with Imperfect Quality When the Demand Is Price Sensitive under Carbon Emissions and Shortages
Authors: De-la-Cruz-Márquez Cynthia Griselle , Cárdenas-Barrón Leopoldo Eduardo , Mandal Buddhadev
Published: April 2021

Nowadays, it is well known that global warming is a great hazard to the planet, and the carbon emissions are a principal source of global warming. For this reason, the customers have become more environment and quality conscious than before, and as a result, they request the firms to be ecofriendly. In this context, it is desirable that companies develop and implement inventory models which consider sustainability issues. Furthermore, the companies face problems of shortages and setting prices in order to persist in a competitive and challenging business. Besides, there exists a kind of items different than the traditional products that it is necessary to feed them until a target weight is reached in order to slaughter and sell to customers. These are named as growing items. In this sense, this research work proposes an inventory model for growing items with imperfect quality when the demand is price sensitive under carbon emissions and shortages. The shortages are fully backordered. The demand is price sensitive according to a polynomial function. The proposed inventory model determines jointly the optimal policy for the selling price of perfect-quality growing items, the order quantity, and the backordering quantity which maximize the expected total profit per unit of time. Some numerical examples are resolved in order to illustrate the use and the applicability of the inventory model. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is conducted and some managerial insights are given.
Clinical Effects of Baduanjin Qigong Exercise on Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kuo Chi-Chun , Wang Chiao-Chen , Chang Wei-Lun , Liao Tzu-Ching , Chen Pei-En , Tung Tao-Hsin
Published: April 2021

Objective. Baduanjin is a traditional Chinese Qigong exercise for health improvement. However, a few studies were examining the association between Baduanjin Qigong exercise and cancer patients. This study is conducted to explore the clinical effects of the Baduanjin Qigong exercise among cancer patients. Methods. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using randomized controlled trials to assess the effects of the Baduanjin Qigong exercise on cancer patients. We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Airiti Library for all relevant studies from inception through December 31, 2020, without language limitations. Two authors independently screened selected studies, assessed the quality of included studies, and extracted information. Any disagreement was discussed with a third senior author. Summary estimates were obtained using meta-analysis with the random effects model. Results. Among the fourteen articles involved in the systematic review, ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. Cancer patients with moderate-severe cancer-related fatigue were significantly less in the Baduanjin group compared with the control group (odds ratio = 0.27; 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.17, 0.42]). Three studies used the questionnaire of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer (FACT-B) in the assessment of quality of life, and two used the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30). For FACT-B, the Baduanjin group scored significantly higher than the control group (mean difference = 11.04, 95% CI [9.56, 12.53]). For EORTC QLQ-C30, the Baduanjin group scored significantly higher than the control group (mean difference = 10.57, 95% CI [7.82, 13.32]). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score for sleep quality of the Baduanjin group is significantly lower than the control group (mean difference = −2.89, 95% CI [−3.48, −2.30]). Conclusion. In conclusion, we found the Baduanjin exercise had positive clinical effects on cancer patients. This meta-analysis not only supported that the Baduanjin exercise can alleviate the degree of cancer-related fatigue in patients but also improved their quality of life and sleep quality. Further long-term follow-up randomized controlled trials are warranted.
Multiparameter Analysis Using 18F-FDG PET/CT in the Differential Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasms
Authors: Wang Guanyun , Dang Haodan , Yu Peng , Liu Honghong , Wu Yue , Yao Shulin , Tian Jiahe , Ye Huiyi , Xu Baixuan
Published: April 2021

Purpose. To evaluate multiparametric analysis in differential diagnosis between pancreatic serous cystic neoplasms (SCNs) and mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) as well as the differentiation of the benign and malignant MCNs with 18F-FDG (18-fluorodeoxyglucose) PET/CT (positron emission tomography). Methods. Forty patients with total of 41 lesions (SCNs: 27/41; MCNs: 14/41), who were preoperatively examined with 18F-FDG PET/CT, were retrospectively analyzed. Multiple quantitative parameters using conventional and texture features were included. The combined model was established with complementary PET/MR parameters. The differential diagnostic efficacy of each independent parameter and the combined model were evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Integrated discriminatory improvement (IDI) and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were used to evaluate improvement of diagnostic efficacy by using combination of multiple parameters. Results. Among all independent parameters, the percentile 5th (0.88 ± 0.38 vs 0.47 ± 0.23,

P
<
0.001

) showed the highest discriminative diagnostic value. The combination of multiple parameters can improve the differential diagnostic efficacy of SCNs and MCNs (sensitivity = 71.4%, specificity = 77.8%, and AUC = 0.788), and the addition of texture parameters to the conventional parameters allowed a significant reclassification with IDI = 0.236 (95% CI: 0.095–0.377) and categorical NRI = 0.434 (95% CI: 0.030–0.838). SURmax (tumor to normal pancreas ratio, T/P) and SURmax (tumor to aorta ratio, T/A) both showed the highest discriminative diagnostic value (sensitivity = 100.0%, specificity = 70.0%, AUC = 0.900, and Youden index = 0.700) in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant MCNs, with the cutoff values of 0.84 and 0.90, respectively. Conclusion.Combination of multiple parameters using 18F-FDG PET/CT could further improve differentiation between pancreatic SCNs and MCNs. SURmax (T/P) and SURmax (T/A) could improve differential diagnosis of benign and malignant MCNs.
Propranolol for Treatment of Infantile Hemangioma: Efficacy and Effect on Pediatric Growth and Development
Authors: Giese Rachel A. , Turner Merit , Cleves Mario , Gardner J. Reed , Richter Gresham T.
Published: April 2021

Purpose. Propranolol has been successful in treating problematic infantile hemangiomas (IH) but concerns regarding its effect on normal growth and development have been raised. This study examines physical growth, developmental milestones, and human growth hormone (hGH) levels in infants receiving propranolol for problematic IH. Method. Monthly heights and weights of children undergoing propranolol therapy for IH were prospectively collected and tabulated. Data analysis and comparison to World Health Organization (WHO) weight-for-age and weight-to-length

z

-scores was performed. Questionnaires regarding milestones, efficacy, and guardian satisfaction were performed, and a combination of both chart results and phone conducted surveys was tabulated. Serum from a small representative cohort of age-matched children with IH treated and not treated with propranolol was collected. Results. A total of 185 children receiving propranolol therapy between 2008 and 2013 for IH were assigned to this study. The children were divided into two cohorts based on the presence of comorbidities or risk factors that may affect growth and development (

n
=
142

no comorbidities,

n
=
43

with comorbidities). Neither cohort demonstrated deviation from normal weight in comparison to WHO normative data. There was a significant deviation for BMI-for-age and weight-for-age

z

-scores in our population, especially in patients on propranolol for more than 7 months. Based on data from participants, via either completed questionnaires or chart results, most children met their developmental milestones at or before target ages, regardless of the presence of comorbidities. Eighty percent of guardians noticed clinical improvement of the IH, with 91% either happy about or neutral to using the medication. hGH levels were higher in patients receiving propranolol therapy, but not significantly different. Conclusion. Propranolol therapy is effective and well tolerated in the treatment of infantile hemangiomas. This study suggests that propranolol does not impair growth and has no impact on normal pediatric development.
[Retracted] miRNA‐221 Regulates Spinal Cord Injury‐Induced Inflammatory Response through Targeting TNF‐α Expression
Authors: Sun Feng , Zhang Haiwei , Huang Tianwen , Shi Jianhui , Wei Tianli , Wang Yansong
Published: April 2021

Objectives. To investigate the roles of miR‐221 in spinal cord injury (SCI) as well as the underlying mechanism. Methods. A mouse model of SCI was generated and used to examine dynamic changes in grip strength of the mouse upper and lower limbs. The expression of miR‐221 and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) was detected by RT‐qPCR and Western blot. Levels of inflammation and oxidative stress in microglia cells of the injured mice overexpressing miR‐221 were then measured by ELISA. Bioinformatics analysis and dual‐luciferase reporter assay were conducted to identify the miR‐221 target. Results. We successfully constructed SCI mouse model. The results of qRT‐PCR showed that miR‐221 was gradually upregulated in the spinal cord tissue of mice in the SCI group with the prolonged injury time. At the same time, the mRNA and protein of TNF‐α gradually decreased. We further confirmed through cell experiments that the inflammatory factors TNF‐α and IL‐6, as well as iNOS and eROS, were upregulated in spinal cord microglia cells of SCI mice, and upregulation of miR‐122 can inhibit their expression. Finally, the luciferase reporter experiment confirmed that miR‐122 targeted TNF‐α. Conclusions. We present evidence that miR‐221 promotes functional recovery of the injured spinal cord through targeting TNF‐α, while alleviating inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
Benefit of Relaxation‐Type Damping on the Performance of a Six‐Degree‐of‐Freedom Microvibration Isolation Device for Control Moment Gyroscope
Authors: Liu Xingtian , Shao Changbao , Zhou Liping , Kong Xiangsen
Published: April 2021

In order to provide an ultraquiet environment for spacecraft payload, a six‐degree‐of‐freedom microvibration isolation device for satellite control moment gyro (CMG) is proposed in this paper. The dynamic characteristics of the microvibration isolation device are analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The dynamic equations of the microvibration suppression device are established by using the Newton–Euler method. The dynamic responses are numerically solved and the frequency‐domain characteristics of the microvibration isolation device under base excitation are analyzed. The analytical results are first verified numerically, and the two results are in good accordance. The experimental apparatus is built, and the vibration isolation performance is investigated. The acceleration transfer function is measured and the influence of the excitation amplitude on the vibration isolation performance is performed. It is shown that the amplification factor at the vicinity of the resonance frequency is within 10 dB, and the vibration isolation performance is significant at higher frequencies. The vibration attenuation performance at the main frequency of the CMG (100 Hz) is more than 30 dB. The microvibration suppression device can effectively suppress the microvibration generated by CMG during orbital operation.
Culture under Complex Perspective: A Classification for Traditional Chinese Cultural Elements Based on NLP and Complex Networks
Authors: Qi Lin , Wang Yuwei , Chen Jindong , Liao Mengjie , Zhang Jian
Published: April 2021

The cultural element is the minimum unit of a cultural system. The systematic categorizing, organizing, and retrieval of the traditional Chinese cultural elements are essential prerequisites for the realization of effective extracting and rational utilization, as well as the prerequisite for exploiting the contemporary value of the traditional Chinese culture. To build an objective, integrated, and reliable classification method and a system of traditional Chinese cultural elements, this study takes the text of Taiping Imperial Encyclopedia in Northern Song Dynasty as the primary data source. The unsupervised word segmentation methods are used to detect Out‐of‐Vocabulary (OOV), and then the segmentation results by the THULAC tool with and without custom dictionary are compared. The TF‐IDF algorithm is applied to extract the keywords of cultural elements and the Ochiia coefficient is introduced to create complex networks of traditional Chinese cultural elements. After analyzing the topological characteristics of the network, the community detection algorithm is used to identify the topics of cultural elements. Finally, a “Means‐Ends” two‐dimensional orthogonal classification system is established to categorize the topics. The results showed that the degree distribution in the complex network of Chinese traditional cultural elements is a scale‐free network with γ = 2.28. The network shows a structure of community and hierarchy features. The top 12 communities have taken up to 91.77% of the scale of the networks. Those 12 topics of the traditional Chinese cultural elements are circularly distributed in the orthogonal system of cultural elements’ categorization.
Adjusted Extreme Conditional Quantile Autoregression with Application to Risk Measurement
Authors: Kithinji Martin M. , Mwita Peter N. , Kube Ananda O.
Published: April 2021

In this paper, we propose an extreme conditional quantile estimator. Derivation of the estimator is based on extreme quantile autoregression. A noncrossing restriction is added during estimation to avert possible quantile crossing. Consistency of the estimator is derived, and simulation results to support its validity are also presented. Using Average Root Mean Squared Error (ARMSE), we compare the performance of our estimator with the performances of two existing extreme conditional quantile estimators. Backtest results of the one-day-ahead conditional Value at Risk forecasts are also given.
Investigating the Effect of Inclination Angle of Magnetic Field Vector on Silicon PV Modules
Authors: Combari Dioari Ulrich , Ramde Emmanuel Wendsongré , Korgo Bruno , Saré Ramatou , Zoungrana Martial , Zerbo Issa
Published: April 2021

In earlier studies, we have shown theoretically and experimentally that magnetic fields (MFs) have negative impact on silicon PV module (photovoltaic module). A noticeable decline in photocurrent with a slight increase in photovoltage was observed. Also, how those fields affected other key module’s parameters was also studied. These studies concluded that an increase in the magnitude of the MF resulted in the decrease of the efficiency of the silicon PV module. The previous experimental studies assumed that the MF vector formed zero angle of inclination with respect to the photosensitive face of the module. They did not factor in any effect that could be observed when the field vector is inclined. The present experimental work is an attempt to fill that gap. The characteristic curves of the PV module were plotted in the same system of axis for different values of the inclination angle of the MF vector. Correspondingly, the characteristic values (

P

max

,

I

max

,

V

max

,

I

sc

, and

V

oc

) of the PV module were also determined. These parameters then allowed the calculation of the efficiency of the module, its fill factor, and the equivalent circuit series and shunt resistances. It is observed that the module efficiency increases with the inclination of the MF vector, indicating that the effect of the MF on the PV module is reduced when its vector aligns towards a direction that is perpendicular to the base of the module. For example, when

α

moves from 0 to 90°, the power output and consequently the efficiency of the PV module relatively increase of 14%.
Characterization of Commercial TiO2 P90 Modified with ZnO by the Impregnation Method
Authors: Dontsova Tetiana А. , Yanushevska Olena I. , Nahirniak Svitlana V. , Kutuzova Anastasiya S. , Krymets Grigory V. , Smertenko Petro S.
Published: April 2021

This article is devoted to TiO2/ZnO nanocomposites’ creation by modifying with the commercial TiO2/P90 product using the impregnation method and identifying the effect of the ZnO modifier on its adsorption, structural, photocatalytic, and electrical properties. The synthesized TiO2/ZnO nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, XRF, XPS, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption-desorption methods. As a result, nanostructured TiO2/ZnO composites with the ZnO content of 2, 5, 10, and 15% were obtained. It was shown that the phase composition of TiO2/P90 does not change during the nanocomposite synthesis. XPS studies of TiO2/ZnO nanocomposites indicated the presence of Ti4+, Zn2+, O2−, and OH states on their surface, which is associated with TiO2, ZnO, and hydroxide ions. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption method showed that the commercial TiO2/P90 sample is nonporous, and all TiO2/ZnO nanocomposites are characterized by almost the same homogeneous mesoporous structure. Experimentally established sorption and photocatalytic properties depend on the specific surface area and electrostatic interaction with dyes. The effect of the ZnO modifier on I-V characteristics of the TiO2/P90 sample was revealed. The obtained experimental data showed that the TiO2/P90 sample contains one type of current carriers, and TiO2/2ZnO and TiO2/5ZnO nanocomposites are characterized by two types of current carriers.
Outcomes of Subcapital Femoral Fracture after a Fixation of an Intertrochanteric Fracture with a Proximal Femoral Nail: Case Report
Authors: Nuñez Jorge H. , Teixidor Jordi , Borim Felipe , Molero Vicente , Tomas Jordi
Published: April 2021

Proximal femoral fractures are a common injury that represents an important cause of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality in elderly patients. Subcapital femoral neck fracture after fixation of an intertrochanteric fracture with a proximal femoral nail is an extremely rare complication. However, because of the large and steadily increase in the number of patients undergoing to proximal femoral nail fixation in recent years, we believe that the number of these cases could increase over time. We present a 78-year-old woman with a subcapital femoral fracture 11 months after a fixation of intertrochanteric fracture with a proximal femoral nail in the same hip. Five years of follow-up was presented. Also through our case report a review of literature of these rare cases was done, trying to evaluate the associated risk factors, the difficulties in their treatment and the final follow-up of these patients.
Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo Model to Assess Amphetamine Tolerance
Authors: Torres Valladares Dayana , Kudumala Sirisha , Hossain Murad , Carvelli Lucia
Published: April 2021

Amphetamine is a potent psychostimulant also used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy. In vivo and in vitro data have demonstrated that amphetamine increases the amount of extra synaptic dopamine by both inhibiting reuptake and promoting efflux of dopamine through the dopamine transporter. Previous studies have shown that chronic use of amphetamine causes tolerance to the drug. Thus, since the molecular mechanisms underlying tolerance to amphetamine are still unknown, an animal model to identify the neurochemical mechanisms associated with drug tolerance is greatly needed. Here we took advantage of a unique behavior caused by amphetamine in Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate whether this simple, but powerful, genetic model develops tolerance following repeated exposure to amphetamine. We found that at least 3 treatments with 0.5 mM amphetamine were necessary to see a reduction in the amphetamine-induced behavior and, thus, to promote tolerance. Moreover, we found that, after intervals of 60/90 minutes between treatments, animals were more likely to exhibit tolerance than animals that underwent 10-minute intervals between treatments. Taken together, our results show that C. elegans is a suitable system to study tolerance to drugs of abuse such as amphetamines.
Defining Minor Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Gómez-González Alejandra , Lazcano Uxue , Vivanco-Hidalgo Rosa Maria , Prats-Sánchez Luis , Guisado-Alonso Daniel , Delgado-Mederos Raquel , Camps-Renom Pol , Martínez Domeño Alejandro , Cuadrado-Godia Elisa , Giralt Steinhauer Eva , Jiménez-Conde Jordi , Soriano-Tárraga Carolina , Avellaneda-Gómez Carla , Rodríguez-Campello Ana , Martí-Fábregas Joan , Ois Angel , Roquer Jaume
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose: The minor stroke concept has not been analyzed in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients. Our purpose was to determine the optimal cut point on the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) for defining a minor ICH (mICH) in patients with primary ICH. Methods: An ICH was considered minor if associated with a favorable 3-month outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2). For supratentorial ICH, the discovery cohort consisted of 478 patients prospectively admitted at University Hospital del Mar. Association between NIHSS at admission and 3-month outcome was evaluated with area under the curve-receiver operating characteristics (AUC-ROC) and Youden’s index to identify the optimal NIHSS cutoff point to define mICH. External validation was performed in a cohort of 242 supratentorial ICH patients from University Hospital Sant Pau. For infratentorial location, patients from both hospitals (n = 85) were analyzed together. Results: The best ­NIHSS cutoff point defining supratentorial-mICH was 6 (AUC-ROC = 0.815 [0.774–0.857] in the discovery cohort and AUC-ROC = 0.819 [0.756–0.882] in the external validation cohort). For infratentorial ICH, the best cutoff point was 4 (AUC-ROC = 0.771 [0.664–0.877]). Using these cutoff points, 40.5% of all primary ICH cases were mICH. Of these, 70.2% were living independently at 3-month follow-up (72% for supratentorial ICH and 56.1% for infratentorial ICH) and 6.5% had died (5.3% for supratentorial ICH, and 14.6% for infratentorial ICH). For patients identified as non-mICH, good 3-month outcome was observed in 11.3% of cases; mortality was 51%. Conclusions: The definition of mICH using the NIHSS cutoff point of 6 for supratentorial ICH and 4 for infratentorial ICH is useful to identify good outcome in ICH patients.
Hidradenitis suppurativa: Wie die Partner von Betroffenen psychosozial beeinträchtigt werden
Authors: Gieler Uwe
Published: April 2021

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa is a debilitating disease related to a great psychosocial burden in affected patients and subsequently also people around them. Patients’ partners as caregivers may indirectly experience wide range of devastating effects of the disease on their emotional and social life. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the QoL impairment in HS patients’ partners and to identify its aspects that are affected the most. Correlation between QoL burden and disease severity, duration, sex, age and smoking was also assessed. Methods: A total of 50 HS sufferers were assessed according to disease severity and their partners’ QoL was determined using the Family Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire. Results: The mean FDLQI for patients’ partners was 8.7 ± 6.8 points, indicating generally a moderate effect of HS on their life. Quality of partners’ life correlated significantly with disease severity but no correlation was found according to other factors. Conclusion: Hidradenitis suppurativa is a highly psychologically devastating disease not only for patients but also for their partners. It occurred to diminish partners’ QoL mostly by increasing daily expenditure but also other problems were often reported. Clinicians should be aware of these psychosocial implications, in order to provide optimal therapy of HS affected families by a multidisciplinary specialized management addressing both, patients and their cohabitants simultaneously.
Planning models for optimal routing of radial distribution systems
Authors: Farrag Mahmoud Ali , Zahra Maged Gamal , Omran Shaimaa
Published: April 2021

This paper presents three planning models for optimal routing of radial distribution systems. In the first two models, the cost function includes capital cost of lines, energy loss cost, and bays cost. The constraints equations include power balance equations, voltage drop equations, radiality equations, logic equations, thermal limit equations, and bus voltage limit equations. The first model considers the energy loss equation in its quadratic form while the second model approximates the energy loss equation of each cable size by a simple linear segment considering the economic loading of each cable size. In the third model, two sub-models are used where the first one gets the optimal radial network configuration regardless of the cable sizes and voltage constraints. In the second sub-model the best cable size on each selected line of the first model is determined to minimize the system costs while considering the bus voltage limit constraint and thermal limit constraint. Verification of the proposed planning models has been made using a real 11 kV 34-bus distribution network with 68 initial lines.
Spectral effects and determining the solar spectral distribution for Mugla and Ankara
Authors: Kabakci Murat , Eke Rustu
Published: April 2021

Not only is the theoretical calculation of the amount of solar radiation but also the characteristics of the light so significant in deciding the spectral sensitivity of the PV modules. The amount of radiation reaching on the earth depends on many atmospheric parameters such as wavelength and air mass. Spectral 2 is a model that calculates the amount of radiation for any region depending on the wavelength and atmospheric parameters. There are no theoretical and experimental studies on this subject in Turkey until now. In this study, the amounts of radiation coming to the surface having horizontal and different tilt angles were calculated for Mugla and Ankara. Due to the different climatic characteristics of Mugla and Ankara, the amount of radiation varies. According to the results, in winter and autumn, the amount of radiation which comes to Ankara and Mugla, is different each other. Due to the different climatical and geographical characteristics of Mugla and Ankara, the amount of radiation varies. The model, which is used in this study, due to atmospheric effects that have, is more comprehensive than any other empirical models made in Turkey.
O ensino da concepção estrutural no ateliê de projeto de edifícios verticais: um estudo de caso na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Resende Camila Cavalcanti , Veloso Maísa Fernandes Dutra
Published: April 2021

A dificuldade de inserção da estrutura nas etapas iniciais do projeto arquitetônico tem sido discutida na literatura e uma das causas apontadas remete à questão do ensino, notadamente, a falta de integração entre o ensino de estruturas e o ensino do projeto em ateliê. No Brasil, na formação profissional generalista em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, essa falta de integração torna-se um desafio ainda maior face à variedade de informações e conhecimentos necessários ao desenvolvimento de projetos de edifícios verticais. O objetivo principal deste artigo é discutir a inserção da concepção estrutural na disciplina de Projeto de Arquitetura 4 (PA4) do Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo (CAU) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), cujo enfoque é a verticalidade. Metodologicamente, foram realizadas: análise documental da estrutura curricular do CAU e do plano de curso de PA4, observação sistematizada das atividades em ateliê, entrevistas com os alunos e o professor e, por fim, análise de dez projetos desenvolvidos pelas equipes. Com base nos dados coletados, foi possível verificar quais métodos e técnicas de ensino proporcionaram uma maior integração das estruturas no processo de projeto, ressaltando-se o desenvolvimento de um modelo físico no início do processo, a esquematização dos elementos estruturais nos estudos preliminares e o incentivo à concepção estrutural durante a elaboração do pavimento tipo. Constatou-se, também, que a integração da concepção estrutural no ateliê de projeto adiciona mais uma dificuldade ao processo de ensino/aprendizado, mas é uma prática muito mais reflexiva do que as formas usuais do ensino de estruturas.