bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Children With BCR-ABL1–Like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated With Risk-Directed Therapy Based on the Levels of Minimal Residual Disease
Authors: Roberts Kathryn G. , Pei Deqing , Campana Dario , Payne-Turner Debbie , Li Yongjin , Cheng Cheng , Sandlund John T. , Jeha Sima , Easton John , Becksfort Jared , Zhang Jinghui , Coustan-Smith Elaine , Raimondi Susana C. , Leung Wing H. , Relling Mary V. , Evans William E. , Downing James R. , Mullighan Charles G. , Pui Ching-Hon
Published: July 2014

Purpose

BCR-ABL1–like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a recently identified B-cell ALL (B-ALL) subtype with poor outcome that exhibits a gene expression profile similar to BCR-ABL1-positive ALL but lacks the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein. We examined the outcome of children with BCR-ABL1–like ALL treated with risk-directed therapy based on minimal residual disease (MRD) levels during remission induction.

Patients and Methods

Among 422 patients with B-ALL enrolled onto the Total Therapy XV study between 2000 and 2007, 344 had adequate samples for gene expression profiling. Next-generation sequencing and/or analysis of genes known to be altered in B-ALL were performed in patients with BCR-ABL1–like ALL who had available material. Outcome was compared between patients with and those without BCR-ABL1–like ALL.

Results

Forty (11.6%) of the 344 patients had BCR-ABL1–like ALL. They were significantly more likely to be male, have Down syndrome, and have higher MRD levels on day 19 and at the end of induction than did other patients with B-ALL. Among 25 patients comprehensively studied for genetic abnormalities, 11 harbored a genomic rearrangement of CRLF2, six had fusion transcripts responsive to ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors or JAK inhibitors, and seven had mutations involving the Ras signaling pathway. There were no significant differences in event-free survival (90.0% ± 4.7% [SE] v 88.4% ± 1.9% at 5 years; P = .41) or in overall survival (92.5% ± 4.2% v 95.1% ± 1.3% at 5 years; P = .41) between patients with and without BCR-ABL1–like ALL.

Conclusion

Patients who have BCR-ABL1–like ALL with poor initial treatment response can be salvaged with MRD-based risk-directed therapy and may benefit from identification of kinase-activating lesions for targeted therapies.
Entering the Era of Targeted Therapy for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Impact on the Practicing Clinician
Authors: Byrd John C. , Jones Jeffrey J. , Woyach Jennifer A. , Johnson Amy J. , Flynn Joseph M.
Published: July 2014

Purpose

Chemoimmunotherapy has been the standard of care for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, the introduction of B-cell receptor (BCR) kinase inhibitors such as ibrutinib has the potential to eliminate the role of chemotherapy in the treatment of CLL. How to best incorporate old and new therapies for CLL in this landscape is increasingly complex.

Methods

This article reviews current data available to clinicians and integrates these data to provide a strategy that can be used to approach the treatment of CLL in the era of BCR signaling inhibitors.

Results

Current strategies separate patients based on age or functional status as well as genetics [presence or absence of del(17)(p13.1)]. In the era of targeted therapy, this will likely continue based on current available data. Phase III studies support chemoimmunotherapy as the initial standard therapy for patients without del(17)(p13.1). Choice of chemotherapy (fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide, bendamustine, or chlorambucil) and anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab, ofatumumab, or obinutuzumab) varies based on regimen and patient status. For patients with del(17)(p13.1), no standard initial therapy exists, although several options supported by phase II clinical trials (methylprednisolone plus alemtuzumab or ibrutinib) seem better than chemoimmunotherapy. Treatment of relapsed CLL seems to be best supported by ibrutinib-based therapy. Completion of trials with ibrutinib and other new agents in the near future will offer opportunity for chemotherapy-free treatment across all groups of CLL.

Conclusion

Therapy for CLL has evolved significantly over the past decade with introduction of targeted therapy for CLL. This has the potential to completely transform how CLL is treated in the future.
Oncology Fellows' Career Plans, Expectations, and Well-Being: Do Fellows Know What They Are Getting Into?
Authors: Shanafelt Tait D. , Raymond Marilyn , Horn Leora , Moynihan Tim , Collichio Frances , Chew Helen , Kosty Michael P. , Satele Daniel , Sloan Jeff , Gradishar William J.
Published: July 2014

Purpose

To evaluate the career plans, professional expectations, and well-being of oncology fellows compared with actual experiences of practicing oncologists.

Methods

US oncology fellows taking the 2013 Medical Oncology In-Training Examination (MedOnc ITE) were invited to participate in an optional postexamination survey. The survey evaluated fellows' career plans and professional expectations and measured burnout, quality of life (QOL), fatigue, and satisfaction with work-life balance (WLB) using standardized instruments. Fellows' professional expectations and well-being were compared with actual experiences of US oncologists assessed simultaneously.

Results

Of the 1,637 oncology fellows in the United States, 1,373 (83.9%) took the 2013 MedOnc ITE. Among these, 1,345 (97.9%) completed the postexamination survey. The frequency of burnout among fellows decreased from 43.3% in year 1 to 31.7% in year 2 and 28.1% in year 3 (P < .001). Overall, the rate of burnout among fellows and practicing oncologists was similar (34.1% v 33.7%; P = .86). With respect to other dimensions of well-being, practicing oncologists had lower fatigue (P < .001) and better overall QOL scores (P < .001) than fellows but were less satisfied with WLB (P = .0031) and specialty choice (P < .001). Fellows' expectations regarding future work hours were 5 to 6 hours per week fewer than oncologists' actual reported work hours. Levels of burnout (P = .02) and educational debt (P ≤ .004) were inversely associated with ITE scores. Fellows with greater educational debt were more likely to pursue private practice and less likely to plan an academic career.

Conclusion

Oncology fellows entering practice trade one set of challenges for another. Unrealized expectations regarding work hours may contribute to future professional dissatisfaction, burnout, and challenges with WLB.
Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Impairs Skeletal Acquisition in the Male TALLYHO/JngJ Mouse
Authors: Devlin M. J. , Van Vliet M. , Motyl K. , Karim L. , Brooks D. J. , Louis L. , Conlon C. , Rosen C. J. , Bouxsein M. L.
Published: July 2014

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) incidence in adolescents is rising and may interfere with peak bone mass acquisition. We tested the effects of early-onset T2D on bone mass, microarchitecture, and strength in the TALLYHO/JngJ mouse, which develops T2D by 8 weeks of age. We assessed metabolism and skeletal acquisition in male TALLYHO/JngJ and SWR/J controls (n = 8–10/group) from 4 weeks to 8 and 17 weeks of age. Tallyho mice were obese; had an approximately 2-fold higher leptin and percentage body fat; and had lower bone mineral density vs SWR at all time points (P < .03 for all). Tallyho had severe deficits in distal femur trabecular bone volume fraction (−54%), trabecular number (−27%), and connectivity density (−82%) (P < .01 for all). Bone formation was higher in Tallyho mice at 8 weeks but lower by 17 weeks of age vs SWR despite similar numbers of osteoblasts. Bone marrow adiposity was 7- to 50-fold higher in Tallyho vs SWR. In vitro, primary bone marrow stromal cell differentiation into osteoblast and adipocyte lineages was similar in SWR and Tallyho, suggesting skeletal deficits were not due to intrinsic defects in Tallyho bone-forming cells. These data suggest the Tallyho mouse might be a useful model to study the skeletal effects of adolescent T2D.
Overexpression of PPARγ Specifically in Pancreatic β-Cells Exacerbates Obesity-Induced Glucose Intolerance, Reduces β-Cell Mass, and Alters Islet Lipid Metabolism in Male Mice
Authors: Hogh K-Lynn N. , Craig Michael N. , Uy Christopher E. , Nygren Heli , Asadi Ali , Speck Madeline , Fraser Jordie D. , Rudecki Alexander P. , Baker Robert K. , Orešič Matej , Gray Sarah L.
Published: July 2014

The contribution of peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonism in pancreatic β-cells to the antidiabetic actions of thiazolidinediones has not been clearly elucidated. Genetic models of pancreatic β-cell PPARγ ablation have revealed a potential role for PPARγ in β-cell expansion in obesity but a limited role in normal β-cell physiology. Here we overexpressed PPARγ1 or PPARγ2 specifically in pancreatic β-cells of mice subjected to high-fat feeding using an associated adenovirus (β-PPARγ1-HFD and β-PPARγ2-HFD mice). We show β-cell-specific PPARγ1 or PPARγ2 overexpression in diet-induced obese mice exacerbated obesity-induced glucose intolerance with decreased β-cell mass, increased islet cell apoptosis, and decreased plasma insulin compared with obese control mice (β-eGFP-HFD mice). Analysis of islet lipid composition in β-PPARγ2-HFD mice revealed no significant changes in islet triglyceride content and an increase in only one of eight ceramide species measured. Interestingly β-PPARγ2-HFD islets had significantly lower levels of lysophosphatidylcholines, lipid species shown to enhance insulin secretion in β-cells. Gene expression profiling revealed increased expression of uncoupling protein 2 and genes involved in fatty acid transport and β-oxidation. In summary, transgenic overexpression of PPARγ in β-cells in diet-induced obesity negatively impacts whole-animal carbohydrate metabolism associated with altered islet lipid content, increased expression of β-oxidative genes, and reduced β-cell mass.
Ezrin is an Actin Binding Protein That Regulates Sertoli Cell and Spermatid Adhesion During Spermatogenesis
Authors: Gungor-Ordueri N. Ece , Tang Elizabeth I. , Celik-Ozenci Ciler , Cheng C. Yan
Published: July 2014

During spermatogenesis, the transport of spermatids and the release of sperms at spermiation and the remodeling of the blood-testis barrier (BTB) in the seminiferous epithelium of rat testes require rapid reorganization of the actin-based cytoskeleton. However, the mechanism(s) and the regulatory molecule(s) remain unexplored. Herein we report findings that unfold the functional significance of ezrin in the organization of the testis-specific adherens junction at the spermatid-Sertoli cell interface called apical ectoplasmic specialization (ES) in the adluminal compartment and the Sertoli cell-cell interface known as basal ES at the BTB. Ezrin is expressed at the basal ES/BTB in all stages, except from late VIII to IX, of the epithelial cycle. Its knockdown by RNA interference (RNAi) in vitro perturbs the Sertoli cell tight junction-permeability barrier via a disruption of the actin microfilaments in Sertoli cells, which in turn impeded basal ES protein (eg, N-cadherin) distribution, perturbing the BTB function. These findings were confirmed by a knockdown study in vivo. However, the expression of ezrin at the apical ES is restricted to stage VIII of the cycle and limited only between step 19 spermatids and Sertoli cells. A knockdown of ezrin in vivo by RNAi was found to impede spermatid transport, causing defects in spermiation in which spermatids were embedded deep inside the epithelium, and associated with a loss of spermatid polarity. Also, ezrin was associated with residual bodies and phagosomes, and its knockdown by RNAi in the testis also impeded the transport of residual bodies/phagosomes from the apical to the basal compartment. In summary, ezrin is involved in regulating actin microfilament organization at the ES in rat testes.
Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Variable Region and Major Histocompatibility Region Genes Are Linked to Induced Graves' Disease in Females From Two Very Large Families of Recombinant Inbred Mice
Authors: McLachlan Sandra M. , Aliesky Holly , Banuelos Bianca , Magana Jessica , Williams Robert W. , Rapoport Basil
Published: July 2014

Graves' hyperthyroidism is caused by antibodies to the TSH receptor (TSHR) that mimic thyroid stimulation by TSH. Stimulating TSHR antibodies and hyperthyroidism can be induced by immunizing mice with adenovirus expressing the human TSHR A-subunit. Prior analysis of induced Graves' disease in small families of recombinant inbred (RI) female mice demonstrated strong genetic control but did not resolve trait loci for TSHR antibodies or elevated serum T4. We investigated the genetic basis for induced Graves' disease in female mice of two large RI families and combined data with earlier findings to provide phenotypes for 178 genotypes. TSHR antibodies measured by inhibition of TSH binding to its receptor were highly significantly linked in the BXD set to the major histocompatibility region (chromosome 17), consistent with observations in 3 other RI families. In the LXS family, we detected linkage between T4 levels after TSHR-adenovirus immunization and the Ig heavy chain variable region (Igvh, chromosome 12). This observation is a key finding because components of the antigen binding region of Igs determine antibody specificity and have been previously linked to induced thyroid-stimulating antibodies. Data from the LXS family provide the first evidence in mice of a direct link between induced hyperthyroidism and Igvh genes. A role for major histocompatibility genes has now been established for genetic susceptibility to Graves' disease in both humans and mice. Future studies using arrays incorporating variation in the complex human Ig gene locus will be necessary to determine whether Igvh genes are also linked to Graves' disease in humans.
Loss of focal adhesions in glia disrupts both glial and photoreceptor axon migration in the Drosophila visual system
Authors: Xie Xiaojun , Gilbert Mary , Petley-Ragan Lindsay , Auld Vanessa J.
Published: July 2014

Many aspects of glial development are regulated by extracellular signals, including those from the extracellular matrix (ECM). Signals from the ECM are received by cell surface receptors, including the integrin family. Previously, we have shown that Drosophila integrins form adhesion complexes with Integrin-linked kinase and talin in the peripheral nerve glia and have conserved roles in glial sheath formation. However, integrin function in other aspects of glial development is unclear. The Drosophila eye imaginal disc (ED) and optic stalk (OS) complex is an excellent model with which to study glial migration, differentiation and glia-neuron interactions. We studied the roles of the integrin complexes in these glial developmental processes during OS/eye development. The common beta subunit βPS and two alpha subunits, αPS2 and αPS3, are located in puncta at both glia-glia and glia-ECM interfaces. Depletion of βPS integrin and talin by RNAi impaired the migration and distribution of glia within the OS resulting in morphological defects. Reduction of integrin or talin in the glia also disrupted photoreceptor axon outgrowth leading to axon stalling in the OS and ED. The neuronal defects were correlated with a disruption of the carpet glia tube paired with invasion of glia into the core of the OS and the formation of a glial cap. Our results suggest that integrin-mediated extracellular signals are important for multiple aspects of glial development and non-autonomously affect axonal migration during Drosophila eye development.
Hand1 phosphoregulation within the distal arch neural crest is essential for craniofacial morphogenesis
Authors: Firulli Beth A. , Fuchs Robyn K. , Vincentz Joshua W. , Clouthier David E. , Firulli Anthony B.
Published: July 2014

In this study we examine the consequences of altering Hand1 phosphoregulation in the developing neural crest cells (NCCs) of mice. Whereas Hand1 deletion in NCCs reveals a nonessential role for Hand1 in craniofacial development and embryonic survival, altering Hand1 phosphoregulation, and consequently Hand1 dimerization affinities, in NCCs results in severe mid-facial clefting and neonatal death. Hand1 phosphorylation mutants exhibit a non-cell-autonomous increase in pharyngeal arch cell death accompanied by alterations in Fgf8 and Shh pathway expression. Together, our data indicate that the extreme distal pharyngeal arch expression domain of Hand1 defines a novel bHLH-dependent activity, and that disruption of established Hand1 dimer phosphoregulation within this domain disrupts normal craniofacial patterning.
The POU-er of gene nomenclature
Authors: Frankenberg Stephen R. , Frank Dale , Harland Richard , Johnson Andrew D. , Nichols Jennifer , Niwa Hitoshi , Schöler Hans R. , Tanaka Elly , Wylie Chris , Brickman Joshua M.
Published: July 2014

The pluripotency factor POU5F1 (OCT4) is well known as a key regulator of stem cell fate. Homologues of POU5F1 exist throughout vertebrates, but the evolutionary and functional relationships between the various family members have been unclear. The level to which function has been conserved within this family provides insight into the evolution of early embryonic potency. Here, we seek to clarify the relationship between POU5F1 homologues in the vertebrate lineage, both phylogenetically and functionally. We resolve the confusion over the identity of the zebrafish gene, which was originally named pou2, then changed to pou5f1 and again, more recently, to pou5f3. We argue that the use of correct nomenclature is crucial when discussing the degree to which the networks regulating early embryonic differentiation are conserved.
Single cell dissection of early kidney development: multilineage priming
Authors: Brunskill Eric W. , Park Joo-Seop , Chung Eunah , Chen Feng , Magella Bliss , Potter S. Steven
Published: July 2014

We used a single cell RNA-seq strategy to create an atlas of gene expression patterns in the developing kidney. At several stages of kidney development, histologically uniform populations of cells give rise to multiple distinct lineages. We performed single cell RNA-seq analysis of total mouse kidneys at E11.5 and E12.5, as well as the renal vesicles at P4. We define an early stage of progenitor cell induction driven primarily by gene repression. Surprising stochastic expression of marker genes associated with differentiated cell types was observed in E11.5 progenitors. We provide a global view of the polarized gene expression already present in the renal vesicle, the first epithelial precursor of the nephron. We show that Hox gene read-through transcripts can be spliced to produce intergenic homeobox swaps. We also identify a surprising number of genes with partially degraded noncoding RNA. Perhaps most interesting, at early developmental times single cells often expressed genes related to several developmental pathways. This provides powerful evidence that initial organogenesis involves a process of multilineage priming. This is followed by a combination of gene repression, which turns off the genes associated with most possible lineages, and the activation of increasing numbers of genes driving the chosen developmental direction.
Ectopic TBX1 suppresses thymic epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation during thymus organogenesis
Authors: Reeh Kaitlin A. G. , Cardenas Kim T. , Bain Virginia E. , Liu Zhijie , Laurent Micheline , Manley Nancy R. , Richie Ellen R.
Published: July 2014

The thymus and parathyroid glands arise from a shared endodermal primordium in the third pharyngeal pouch (3rd pp). Thymus fate is specified in the ventral 3rd pp between E9.5 and E11, whereas parathyroid fate is specified in the dorsal domain. The molecular mechanisms that specify fate and regulate thymus and parathyroid development are not fully delineated. Previous reports suggested that Tbx1 is required for thymus organogenesis because loss of Tbx1 in individuals with DiGeorge syndrome and in experimental Tbx1 deletion mutants is associated with thymus aplasia or hypoplasia. However, the thymus phenotype is likely to be secondary to defects in pharyngeal pouch formation. Furthermore, the absence of Tbx1 expression in the thymus-fated domain of the wild-type 3rd pp suggested that Tbx1 is instead a negative regulator of thymus organogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we generated a novel mouse strain in which expression of a conditional Tbx1 allele was ectopically activated in the thymus-fated domain of the 3rd pp. Ectopic Tbx1 expression severely repressed expression of Foxn1, a transcription factor that marks the thymus-fated domain and is required for differentiation and proliferation of thymic epithelial cell (TEC) progenitors. By contrast, ectopic Tbx1 did not alter the expression pattern of Gcm2, a transcription factor restricted to the parathyroid-fated domain and required for parathyroid development. Ectopic Tbx1 expression impaired TEC proliferation and arrested TEC differentiation at an early progenitor stage. The results support the hypothesis that Tbx1 negatively regulates TEC growth and differentiation, and that extinction of Tbx1 expression in 3rd pp endoderm is a prerequisite for thymus organogenesis.
Inhomogeneous Deactivation with UV Excitation in Submicron Grains of Lead Iodide Perovskite-based Solar Cell as Revealed by Femtosecond Transient Absorption Microscopy
Authors: Katayama Tetsuro , Jinno Akira , Takeuchi Eisuke , Ito Syoji , Endo Masaru , Wakamiya Atsushi , Murata Yasujiro , Ogomi Yuhei , Hayase Shuji , Miyasaka Hiroshi
Published: July 2014

Femtosecond transient absorption microscopy was applied to the elucidation of ultrafast dynamics in a lead iodide perovskite solar cell. Space- and time-resolved detection revealed that rapid deactivation with a time constant of 0.7 ps took place without long-living species in submicron grains with the (CH3NH3)PbI3 capping layer, while the long-living component was detected in other areas.
Eco-efficient, Chemoselective, and Rapid Access to Aminals from Lactams Using Recyclable Silica-supported FeCl3 Catalyst in Green Solvent
Authors: Ramachandran Gunasekar , Mandlimath Triveni Rajashekhar , Sathesh Venkatesan , Umamahesh Balijapalli , Sathiyanarayanan Kulathu I
Published: July 2014

A highly efficient and environmentally benign protocol was developed for the synthesis of aminals using silica-supported iron(III) chloride as an active Lewis acid recyclable heterogeneous catalyst from N-nucleophiles and active carboxaldehydes. This current modest protocol is cost-effective and an environmentally benign method for the synthesis of pharmaceutically and industrially useful scaffolds.
Managing patients with diabetes during fasting times
Authors: Morris David
Published: July 2014

TREATMENTS

Patients fast for a variety of reasons, including religion and lifestyle. David Morris considers the best advice for high-risk patients wishing to fast
Alleviating anxiety after a child's asthma diagnosis
Authors: Holmes Steve , Scullion Jane
Published: July 2014

PARENTAL CONCERNS

Steve Holmes and Jane Scullion consider how best to address parental worries after their child is diagnosed with asthma
European law seeks to reduce sharps injuries
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: July 2014

Concern over the number of sharps injuries in the health-care sector in Europe has led to the introduction of a directive aimed at preventing such injuries ( European Union, 2010 ). The provisions of the directive not already covered by existing health and safety laws have been implemented when the Health and Safety (Sharps Instruments in Healthcare) Regulations ( Health and Safety Executive, 2013a ) came into force. This article sets out the key provisions of the 2013 regulations and considers their impact on operating department practitioners.
Practical solutions to improve adherence to phosphate binders
Authors: Walker Rebecca
Published: July 2014

Non-adherence to medication is a significant problem in the UK and can be owing to poor understanding of conditions, lack of social support and complex regimens. Although improving adherence can be challenging for health professionals, there are some useful approaches to try. Rebecca Walker shares her thoughts on improving adherence to phosphate binders.
Management of line infections in renal dialysis patients
Authors: Collier Sophie
Published: July 2014

Dialysis patients using central venous catheters are at high risk of developing line infections, which can be associated with morbidity and mortality. In her second article in this series, Sophie Collier discusses the management of infections, including exit site infections, tunnel infections and catheter-related bloodstream infections.
Therapeutic use of gene expressed in Wilms’ tumour may hold clue to regeneration of damaged kidneys
Authors: Ellis Peter
Published: July 2014

Affecting fewer than 100 children each year, Wilms’ tumour is a kidney cancer currently only treatable by chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. Research undertaken by Harvard Medical School has discovered use of a gene that could treat the condition, as well as regenerate damaged kidneys.
Body weight and statistic vital of Texel sheep in Wonosobo District by giving the ramie hay as an additional woof
Authors: KUNTJORO AGUS , SUTARNO SUTARNO , ASTIRIN OKID PARAMA
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Kuntjoro A, Sutarno, Astirin OP. 2009. Body weight and statistic vital of Texel sheep in Wonosobo District by giving the ramie hay as an additional woof. Nusantara Bioscience 1: 23-30. This research is aimed to observe the body weight and statistic vital measurement of 50 Texel sheep. Sheep are classified into five treatments of giving woof P0 (giving tree greenish woof without concentrate), P1 (giving greenish woof and concentrate without adding the ramie hay/0%) concentrate), P2 (giving greenish woof and concentrate by adding 10%) ramie hay), P3 (giving greenish woof and concentrate by adding 20%) ramie hay), P4 (giving greenish woof and concentrate by adding 30%) ramie hay), every treatment was repeated 10 times. The result shows that even it can’t yet replace the concentrate function, but adding ramie hay as much as 10%), 20%) and 30%) on sheep woof can increase the body weight’s growth respectively 186.67 g/day, 153.34 g/day dan 103.34 g/day. The addition of ramie hay 10%), 20%) and 30%) can increase the addition of statistic vital’s measurement on breast of sheep livestock 1.20 cm); 0.95 cm) and 0.90 cm); the addition of statistic vital measurement on the body length of sheep livestock 0.05 cm); 1.00 cm) and 0.75 cm) and also the addition of breast width is 1.50 cm); 0.15 cm) and 0.3 cm). Meanwhile, the addition of ramie hay on livestock woof can only increase the addition of statistic vital measurement on breast at giving 30%) as big as 0.15 cm). It is needed to know further on giving ramie hay by concentration comparison of hay of different leaf and stem.
Protein expression on Cr resistant microorganism using electrophoresis method
Authors: FATMAWATI UMI , SURANTO SURANTO , SAJIDAN SAJIDAN
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Fatmawati U, Suranto, Sajidan. 2009. Protein expression on Cr resistant microorganism using electrophoresis method. Nusantara Bioscience 1: 31-37. Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is known as toxic heavy metals, so the need is reduced to Cr(III) is much less toxicity. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pantoea sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are resistant Cr(VI) microorganism and have ability to reduce Cr(VI). The aim of this research is to know ability of microorganism to reduce Cr(VI) and to know protein band pattern between Cr(VI) resistant microorganism and non-resistant microorganism which inoculated on LB broth. SDS-PAGE was used to identify protein expression. While, Cr(VI) concentration was identified by 1.5 diphenyl carbazide method. The quantitative data were analyzed by two factorial ANOVA that continued with DMRT at 1% level test. The qualitative data, i.e. protein expression analyzed by relative mobility (Rf). The results showed that the ability of microorganisms to reduce Cr(VI) at initial concentration of 0.5 ppm, 1 ppm, 5 ppm, and 10 ppm may vary, the average percentage of the ability of each microorganism in reducing Cr(VI) is P. putida (65%) > S. cerevisiae (64.45%) >. P. aeruginosa (60.73%) > Pantoea sp. (50.22%) > K. pneumoniae (47.82%) > without microorganisms (34.25%).ListenRead phonetically The adding microorganisms have significantly influenced toward reduction of Cr(VI). The SDS-PAGE shows that protein expression between resistant and not resistant microorganisms are no different, but resistant microorganisms have more protein (protein band is thicker).
Diversity of Sonneratia alba in coastal area of Central Java based on isozymic patterns of esterase and peroxidase
Authors: SETYAWAN AHMAD DWI
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Setyawan AD. 2009. Diversity of Sonneratia alba in coastal area of Central Java based on isozymic patterns of esterase and peroxidase. Nusantara Bioscience 1: 92-103. The study was intended to observe the diversity and the relationship of Sonneratia alba in southern and northern coast of Central Java Province based on isozymic patterns of esterase and peroxidase. This research was conducted in July until December 2003, at six sites, i.e. Wulan (WUL), Juwana (JUW), Pasar Bangi (PAS), in the northern coast, and Bogowonto (BOG), Motean (MOT), and Muara Dua (MUA) in the southern coast. The laboratory assay was conducted in Central Laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University (UNS) Surakarta. The seedling plant samples that were collected from six mangrove habitats transplanted in greenhouse in the laboratory. There were 20 individual samples each site. The result indicated that the individual of S. alba of the same or near location has the same genetic diversity in common, because the genetic exchange on the same population was higher than on a different population. Therefore, the populations of S. alba from northern coast had higher similarity each other than southern coast one, on the other way the populations from southern coast had higher similarity each other than northern coast one.
Kimpul (Xanthosoma spp.) characterization based on morphological characteristic and isozymic analysis
Authors: NURMIYATI NURMIYATI , SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO , SAJIDAN SAJIDAN
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Nurmiyati, Sugiyarto, Sajidan. 2009. Kimpul (Xanthosoma spp.) characterization based on morphological characteristic and isozymic analysis. Nusantara Bioscience 1: 138-145. This research is aimed: (i) to know the variety of kimpul (Xanthosoma spp.) based on morphological characteristics and isozymes analysis; (ii) to know the correlation between its genetic space based on morphological characteristics and its genetic resemblance based on isozymes-banding pattern. These research results were analyzed and described by descriptive qualitative methods. Morphological observation was carried out in sub-District of Galur, Lendah, and Girimulyo, Kulonprogo District, Yogyakarta. Morphological data of the kimpul plant was explored descriptively and then made dendrogram. Data of isozymic banding pattern were analyzed quantitatively based on the appearance of the band on the gel, and qualitatively based on the thickness of the band formed, and then made dendrogram. The correlation, between its genetic distance based on morphological characteristics and its genetic resemblance based on isozymes-banding pattern, were then analyzed grounded on coefficient correlation between product-moment and goodness of it criteria based on correlation. The results pointed out that morphologically, on eight observed samples which were consist of four different types (species), each Xanthosoma from different locations did not indicate obvious differences. Esterase was formed four different banding-patterns, Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase indicated eight different banding-patterns, and Peroxidase indicated seven different banding-patterns. Correlation between morphological data and data from EST and GOT isozymic banding pattern was very good (0.967918 and 0.937113), While, the correlations between morphological data and POD isozymes were good (0.892721).

goodnessÂ of itÂ criteriaÂ based onÂ correlation.Â The results pointed outÂ thatÂ morphologically,Â on eightÂ observedÂ samples Â which were consist of four different types (species), each Xanthosoma from different locations did not indicate obvious differences. Esterase was formed four different banding- patterns, Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase indicated eight different banding-patterns, and Peroxidase indicated seven different banding-patterns. Correlation between morphological data and Â data from EST and GOT isozymic banding pattern Â were very good (0.967918 and 0.937113), While, the Â orrelations between morphological data and POD isozymes were good (0.892721).
Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from abalone (Haliotis asinina) as a potential candidate of probiotic
Authors: SARKONO SARKONO , FATURRAHMAN FATURRAHMAN , SOFYAN YAYAN
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Sarkono, Faturrahman, Sofyan Y. 2010. Isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from abalone (Haliotis asinina) as a potential candidate of probiotic. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 38-42. The purpose of this study was to isolate, select and characterize lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from abalone as a potential candidate probiotic in abalone cultivation system. Selective isolation of LAB performed using de Man Rogosa Sharpe medium. LAB isolate that potential as probiotics were screened. Selection was based on its ability to suppress the growth of pathogenic bacteria, bacterial resistance to acidic conditions and bacterial resistance to bile salts (bile). Further characterization and identification conducted to determine the species. The results showed that two of the ten isolates potential to be developed as probiotic bacteria that have the ability to inhibit several pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus dan Staphylococcus aureus, able to grow at acidic condition and bile tolerance during the incubation for 24 hours. Based on the API test kit, both isolate identified as members of the species Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei.
Exposure copper heavy metal (Cu) on freshwater mussel (Anodonta woodiana) and its relation to Cu and protein content in the body shell
Authors: KURNIA AHMAD INTAN , PURWANTO EDI , MAHAJOENO EDWI
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Kurnia AI, Purwanto E, Mahajoeno E. 2010. Exposure copper heavy metal (Cu) on freshwater mussel (Anodonta woodiana) and its relation to Cu and protein content in the body shell. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 48-53. To determine the relationship of Cu exposure in water to the freshwater mussel exposure experiment is conducted with water containing Cu. Which measured the influence of Cu and protein content in the body shell. This study used the freshwater mussel species, Anodonta woodiana. Oysters were exposed for four weeks in the water with Cu concentration of 0.02 ppm, 0.04 ppm, 0.06 ppm, and 0.00 ppm control. Cu content and protein content in the body shells are checked every week. Cu analysis was done by Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) method and the protein content using Kjeldahl method. Cu analysis showed elevated levels of Cu in mussel body after exposure. The pattern of increase in Cu content was not the same, where the pattern of the largest increases occurred after the fourth week. The statistical test showed no significant effect between the treatment with Cu accumulation in the body shell. Protein analysis showed an increase of protein content after exposure of the second week and decreased after the third and fourth weeks. The pattern of changes in protein content varied among the various treatments. The statistical test showed no significant effect between treatment with the protein changes in the body shell. Correlation test of the relationship between concentration of Cu in mussel body protein level showed a positive correlation between them with a fairly good level of relationship (correlation coefficient r = 0.836).
Evaluation of uniformity, variability, and stability of agronomic traits of doubledd haploid rice lines resulting from anther culture
Authors: SASMITA PRIATNA
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Sasmita P. 2010. Evaluation of uniformity, variability, and stability of agronomic traits of doubled haploid rice lines resulting from anther culture. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 67-72. The formation of doubled haploid lines in anther culture aims to accelerate the acquisition of pure lines. Selection of the desired traits can be done directly to the progeny of anther culture results at early generations. This experiment aims to determine agronomic traits, uniformity, and stability of the doubled haploid lines, and obtain the putative doubled haploid lines as the material for further evaluation to obtain expected lines. The first experiments used completely randomized design which was repeated five times. The treatments were 111 doubled haploid lines of first generation of anther culture results (DH1). The second experiment used split-plot design with the main plot treatments were doubled haploid lines resulting from anther culture and the subplot treatment was the second generation of doubled haploid lines (DH2) until the fifth generation (DH5). The results show that each plant within the same line have uniform agronomic traits, while the plants between different lines have different agronomic traits. The results of further evaluation on three out of 111 doubled haploid lines derived from the second to fifth generations show no difference between generations for each trait of the same lines. The results also show that the agronomic traits of the doubled haploid line were stable from generation to generation.
Effect of seaweed extracts on growth and yield of rice plants
Authors: SUNARPI SUNARPI , JUPRI AHMAD , KURNIANINGSIH RINA , JULISANIAH NUR INDAH , NIKMATULLAH ALUH
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Sunarpi, Jupri A, Kurnianingsih R, Julisaniah NI, Nikmatullah A 2010. Effect of seaweed extracts on growth and yield of rice plants. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 73-77. Application of liquid seaweed fertilizers on some plant species has been reported to decrease application doses of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on some crop plants, as well as stimulating growth and production of many plants. It has been reported that there are at least 59 species of seaweeds found in the coastal zone of West Nusa Tenggara Province, 15 of those species weres able to stimulate germination, growth, and production of some horticultural and legume plants. This research aims to investigate the effect of seaweed extracts obtained from ten species on growth and production of rice plants. To achive the goal, seaweed (100 g per species) wasextracted with 100 mL of water, to obtain the concentration of 100%. Seaweed extract (15%) was sprayed into the rice plants during vegetative and generative stages. Subsequently, the growth and yield parameters of rice plants were measured. The results showed that extracts of Sargassum sp.1, Sargassum sp.2, Sargassum polycistum, Hydroclathrus sp., Turbinaria ornata, and Turbinaria murayana, were able to induce growth of rice plants. However, only the Hydroclathrus sp. extract could enhance both growth and production of rice plants.
Review: Colchicine, current advances and future prospects
Authors: ADE RAVINDRA , RAI MAHENDRA KUMAR
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Ade R, Rai MK. 2010. Colchicine, current advances, and future prospects. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 90-96. Colchicine is a toxic natural compound and secondary metabolite commonly produced by plants like Colchicum autumnale and Gloriosa superba. It is originally used to treat rheumatic complaints, especially gout, and still finds its uses for these purposes today despite dosing issues concerning its toxicity. It is also prescribed for its cathartic and emetic effects. Initially, oral colchicine has not been approved as a drug by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). But now FDA approved colchicine as a drug for some disorders. Colchicine's present medicinal use is in the treatment of gout and familial Mediterranean fever. It is also being investigated for its use as an anticancer drug. In neurons, axoplasmic transport is disrupted by colchicine. Due to all the pharmacological application of colchicine, there is an urgent need to enhance the properties and increase the production of colchicine with the help of in vitro technologies. The present review is mainly focused on the chemistry of colchicine, its medicinal uses, and toxicity.
Expression of vimentin protein and neurofilament on forelimb buds of black-6 mice on gestation day 12 induced by 2-methoxyethanol by RT-PCR
Authors: IRNIDAYANTI YULIA
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Irnidayanti Y. 2010. Expression of vimentin protein and neurofilament on forelimb buds of black-6 mice on gestation day 12 induced by 2-methoxyethanol by Real-Time RT-PCR. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 116-120. The aim of this study was to investigate impact of 2-methoxyethanol, a major industrial chemical of plastic. Gene expression analysis is increasingly important in biological research, while real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) is becoming the method of choice for high-throughput and accurate expression profiling of selected genes. Pregnant black-6 mice were injected intraperitoneally to 7.5 mmol/kg of 2- methoxyethanol on gestation day (GD) 10. Embryo was obtained on gestation day 12. Forelimb buds of embryo were collected and then put in the tube, which containing RNA-latter solution. To identify gene expression changes in forelimb bud caused induction 2-methoxyethanol, Real-Time PCR was used in this research. For the experiments, the real-time RT-PCR Light Cycler technology was used. The results suggested that injection of 2- methoxyethanol, in prenatal period especially on gestation day 12, the expression of vimentin in forelimb buds of mice treatment increase than control mice. Meanwhile, the expression of neurofilament tended to decrease, indirectly is not caused by the injection of 2- methoxyethanol.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma patients which human papilloma virus infection: a case control study in Muwardi Hospital Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: PRAYITNO ADI , AZNAR ELYANA , POERNOMO POERNOMO , PUTRA SUHARTONO TAAT
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Prayitno A, Aznar E, Poernomo, Putra ST. 2011. Oral squamous cell carcinoma patients which human papillomavirus infection: a case-control study in Muwardi Hospital Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 64-67. Annual incidence rates for oral and pharyngeal cancer are estimated at 25 cases per 100,000 in developing countries. Human papillomavirus (HPV) was implicated in pathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Aims of this research were to know the incidence of OSSC patient which realized HPV infection. Women OSCC (15) and Benign Oral Squamous Cells (BOSC) (40) tissue biopsy frozen sections were from Departement of Oral and Dental, Muwardi Hospital in Surakarta from January to December 2007. Tissue was cut into two parts. To ascertain the type of neoplasm was subsequently stains with HE. To amplify the L1-HPV gene for 450bp long. Chi-Square Test analyzed the collected data. The result of this experiment showed nine patients from 40 patients BOSC identified have HPV infections (9/40 = 23%). Eleven patient from 15 patient OSCC identified have HPV infections (11/15 = 73%). From Chi-Square analysis have significant differences between BOSC and OSCC. HPV is a factor for OSCC pathogenesis.
Synthesis and study of cholosubstituted 4-aroyl pyrazolines and isoxazolines and their effects on inorganic ions in blood serum in albino rats
Authors: BHOYAR AMOL D. , VANKHADE GANESH N. , RAJPUT PRITHVISIGH R.
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Bhoyar AD, Vankhade GN, Rajput PR. 2011. Synthesis and study of cholosubstituted 4-aroyl pyrazolines and isoxazolines and their effects on inorganic ions in blood serum in albino rats. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 118-123. Condensation of 2-substituted 3,5-dichloroacetophenone (2a-b) obtained from the condensation of 2-hydroxy 3,5-dichloro-acetophenone (1) and benzoyl chloride were dissolved in NaOH, on treatment under Baker-Venkatraman transformation in presence of KOH with pyridine gives 1-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-substituted-1,3-propanediones (3a-b). Then converted into 3-aroyl-6,8-dichloroflavanones (4a-d) by using different aromatic aldehyde in ethanol containing little piperidine. The condensation of (4a-d) and phenylhydrazine hydrochloride, piperidine in DMF gives 3-(2-hydroxy3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4-substitution-1-phenyl-D2pyrazolines (5a-d) and condensation of (4a-d) and hydroxylamine-hydrochloride gives 3-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-4-aroyl-5-substituted isoxazolines (6a-d). The above compounds are screened for their activities and have been found to exhibit significant effects on inorganic ions in blood serum in albino rats.
Selection of parent trees for Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) breeding based on RAPD analysis
Authors: OKTAVIA FETRINA , LASMININGSIH MUDJI , KUSWANHADI KUSWANHADI
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Oktavia F, Lasminingsih M, Kuswanhadi. 2011. Selection of parent trees for Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) breeding based on RAPD analysis. Nusantara Bioscience 3: 124-129. The parent trees’ clones usually originate from the previous generation having the potential of high production with better agronomical characters. Although, phenotype characters can determine the genetic variability among accessions, they are highly sensitive to environmental factors, so it is often difficult to identify the difference between closely related clones. The genetic variability or phylogenetic relationships among rubber clones can be analyzed using RAPD method, and based on the result, the parent trees can be selected. This research was aimed to analyze the genetic distance among rubber clones using RAPD method. Analysis was conducted on 45 rubber clones with 12 random primers. Pair-wise comparisons of unique and shared polymorphic amplification products were used to generate similarity coefficients. These coefficients were employed to construct a dendrogram by using an Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetical Averages (UPGMA). The amplification of genomic DNA from 45 clones yielded 2408 DNA fragments, ranging in size from 250 bp to 3000 bp. The range of genetic similarity matrix was very wide (59.18%-94.23%). It indicated that most of the clones have a low level of polymorphism. The lowest genetic similarity (59,18%) was found between RRIC 110 and AVROS 352 clones, while the highest (94.23%) was between IRR 41 and IRR 42 clones. Cluster analysis showed that 45 clones of rubber were divided into two groups, the biggest group consisted of 30 clones, while the other one consisted of 15 clones with a genetic similarity value of 0,73.
Toxicity response of Poecilia reticulata Peters 1859 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) to some agricultural pesticides
Authors: HEDAYATI ALIAKBAR , TARKHANI REZA , SHADI AHMAD
Published: July 2014

Abstract. Hedayati A, Tarkhani R, Shadi A. 2012. Mortality response of Poecilia reticulata Peters 1859 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) to some agricultural pesticides. Nusantara Bioscience 4: 6-10. This research was performed to determine and compare acute toxicity of diazinon and deltamethrin as potential dangerous organic pesticides to assess mortality effects of these chemicals to the freshwater guppy Poecilia reticulata. LC50 of 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h was attained by probit analysis by Finney’s and using the maximum-likelihood procedure (SPSS). The 24-96 h LC50 for the diazinon were 40.9±0.98, 33.2±0.84, 23.2±0.74 and 16.8±0.57 ppm respectively. The 24-96 h LC50 for the deltamethrin were 0.297±0.13, 0.236±0.16, 0.204±0.47 and 0.195±0.06 ppm respectively. In the present study, LC50 values indicated that deltamethrin was more toxic than diazinon to this species. LC50 values obtained in the present study were different from the corresponding values that have been published in the literature for other species of fish.