bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modelling the regional sensitivity of snowmelt, soil moisture, and streamflow generation to climate over the Canadian Prairies using a basin classification approach
Authors: He Zhihua , Shook Kevin , Spence Christopher , Pomeroy John W. , Whitfield Colin
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This study evaluated the effects of climate perturbations on snowmelt, soil
moisture, and streamflow generation in small Canadian Prairies basins using a modelling approach based on classification of basin biophysical characteristics. Seven basin classes that encompass the entirety of the
Prairies Ecozone in Canada were determined by cluster analysis of these
characteristics. Individual semi-distributed virtual basin (VB) models
representing these classes were parameterized in the Cold Regions
Hydrological Model (CRHM) platform, which includes modules for snowmelt and
sublimation, soil freezing and thawing, actual evapotranspiration (ET), soil moisture dynamics, groundwater recharge, and depressional storage dynamics including fill and spill runoff generation and variable connected areas. Precipitation (P) and temperature (T) perturbation scenarios covering the range of climate model predictions for the 21st century were used to evaluate climate sensitivity of hydrological processes in individual land cover and basin types across the Prairies Ecozone. Results indicated that snow accumulation in wetlands had a greater sensitivity to P and T than that in croplands and grasslands in all basin types. Wetland soil moisture was also more sensitive to T than the cropland and grassland soil moisture. Jointly influenced by land cover distribution and local climate, basin-average snow accumulation was more sensitive to T in the drier and grassland-characterized basins than in the wetter basins dominated by cropland, whilst basin-average soil moisture was most sensitive to T and P perturbations in basins typified by pothole depressions and broad river valleys. Annual streamflow had the greatest sensitivities to T and P in the dry and poorly connected Interior Grasslands (See Fig. 1) basins but the smallest in the wet and well-connected Southern Manitoba basins. The ability of P to compensate for warming-induced reductions in snow accumulation and streamflow was much higher in the wetter and cropland-dominated basins than in the drier and grassland-characterized basins, whilst decreases in cropland soil moisture induced by the maximum expected warming of 6 ∘C could be fully offset by a P increase of 11 % in all basins. These results can be used to (1) identify locations which had the largest hydrological sensitivities to changing climate and (2) diagnose underlying processes responsible for hydrological responses to expected climate change. Variations of hydrological sensitivity in land cover and basin types suggest that different water management and adaptation methods are needed to address enhanced water stress due to expected climate change in different regions of the Prairies Ecozone.
Motion planning and control strategy of a cable-driven body weight support gait training robot
Authors: Qin Tao , Wang Qianpeng , Su Wei , Wei Chao , Zhang Yanduo , Zhang Jianwei
Published: October 2023

Abstract. In this paper, a cable-driven body weight support gait training robot (C-BWSGTR) that provides patients with partial body weight support as well as a kind of stable gait training driving force was
designed; this device enabled those patients to walk again. Firstly, the overall
configuration of the C-BWSGTR was determined, and the structural
composition and working principle of the robot were established. Secondly, the
vector algebra method was applied to carry out the kinematic analysis and
establish the mathematical model of the C-BWSGTR. The displacement
of each cable during the patient gait training was also calculated. Thirdly, the
motion planning of the C-BWSGTR was carried out in stages, using the
time–phase distribution relationship based on an S-shaped speed curve.
Meanwhile, the displacement, speed, and acceleration of each
cable during the patient gait training were calculated and
corresponding change curves were generated. Finally, a position servo composite
control strategy for the C-BWSGTR was designed by analyzing the robot's
dynamic characteristics of the forward channel transfer function. The simulation
analysis and prototype experiment in this paper verified that the designed
composite position servo control strategy can meet the requirements of the
system with respect to stability and a fast response
of the system to the loading command.
Brief communication: Comparison of the performance of thermistors and digital temperature sensors in a mountain permafrost borehole
Authors: Widmer Lars , Phillips Marcia , Buchli Chasper
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Monitoring mountain-permafrost temperatures in boreholes is challenging
regarding the resilience and long-term temperature stability of the sensor
systems. Whilst resistance thermistors boast a high accuracy, they are prone
to drift when exposed to moisture, pressure or cable strain. Supplementing
or replacing them with digital bandgap temperature sensors requires careful
analysis of the sensor performance. We carry out a first comparison of two
temperature sensor systems under field conditions in mountain permafrost at
15 identical depths in 1 borehole. Temperature values, sensing delays and
noise levels are compared and discussed.
Wind tunnel investigations of an individual pitch control strategy for wind farm power optimization
Authors: Mühle Franz Volker , Heckmeier Florian Marco , Campagnolo Filippo , Breitsamter Christian
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This article presents the results of an experimental wind tunnel study, which investigates a new control strategy named Helix. The Helix control employs individual pitch control for sinusoidally varying yaw and tilt moments to induce an additional rotational component in the wake, aiming to enhance wake mixing. The experiments are conducted in a closed-loop wind tunnel under low turbulence conditions to emphasize wake effects. Highly sensorized model wind turbines with control capabilities similar to full-scale machines are employed in a two-turbine setup to assess wake recovery potential and explore loads on both upstream and downstream turbines. In a single-turbine study detailed wake measurements are carried out using a fast-response five-hole pressure probe. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in energy content within the wake, with distinct peaks for clockwise and counter-clockwise movements at Strouhal numbers of approximately 0.45. Both upstream and downstream turbine dynamic equivalent loads increase when applying the Helix control. The time-averaged wake flow streamwise velocity and RMS-value reveal a faster wake recovery for actuated cases in comparison to the baseline. Phase-locked results with azimuthal position display a leapfrogging behavior in the baseline case in contrast to the actuated cases, where distorted shedding structures in longitudinal direction are observed due to a changed thrust coefficient and an accompanying lateral vortex shedding location. Additionally, phase-locked results with the additional frequency reveal a tip vortex meandering, which enhances faster wake recovery. Comparing the Helix cases with clockwise and counter-clockwise rotations, the latter exhibits slightly higher gains and faster wake recovery. This difference is attributed to the Helix additional rotational component acting either in the same or opposite direction as the wake rotation. Overall, both Helix cases exhibit significantly faster wake recovery compared to the baseline, indicating the potential of this technique for improved wind farm control.
Efficient 3D Surface Patch Compression and Reconstruction using Parametric Descriptions and Transform Techniques
Authors: Beitalmal Abdusslam
Published: October 2023

This paper proposes and demonstrates novel methods for compressing and reconstructing 3D surface patches typically obtained from scanners that rely on stereo vision, structured light, or time-of-flight techniques. The methods involve applying a polygon reduction to the mesh to get a set of vertices lying in structured planes of a sparse, regular grid. The data in each plane is then described parametrically, and a comparative analysis is conducted using the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Quality factors are employed to further process the transform coefficients, resulting in substantial reductions in the amount of data saved to disk. The paper also defines file formats with the necessary parameters for a complete reconstruction of the sparse mesh. Finally, elliptic Partial Differential Equations (PDE) are used to represent the reconstructed data, and the Laplace equation is iteratively solved between adjacent planes to recover the vertex density of the original mesh. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods, achieving compression rates of over 98% compared to the OBJ file format and over 91% compared to a list of vertices in ASCII format.
Pengaruh Nilai Tambah Ekonomis, Profitabilitas, Dan Arus Kas Operasi Terhadap Kebijakan Dividen Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Muslem Ari , ZURAIDA Zuraida , Indayani Indayani
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh nilai tambah ekonomi, profitabilitas, dan arus kas operasi terhadap kebijakan dividen pada perusahaan Manufaktur Makanan dan Minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2016-2019. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 44 perusahaan. Data dari perusahaan-perusahaan tersebut dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah ekonomi, profitabilitas, dan arus kas operasi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan dividen. Secara parsial hanya profitabilitas yang berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan dividen, sedangkan nilai tambah ekonomi dan arus kas operasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan dividen
ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS WITH AN UNUSUAL CONFIGURATION AFTER PREOPERATIVE POVIDONE-IODINE DISINFECTION. A CLINICAL CASE
Authors:   Department of Infection Diseases, Parasitology and Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria., Velevska-Vatova Yoanna , Georgieva Filka ,   Department of Infection Diseases, Parasitology and Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University, Varna, Bulgaria.
Published: October 2023

Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin reaction resulting from skin contact with exogenous substances that act as allergens and/or irritants. Epicutaneous testing is the gold standard for diagnosing allergic contact dermatitis and differentiating it from irritant contact dermatitis. We present a clinical case of allergic contact dermatitis after preoperative povidone-iodine disinfection.
Оценка уровня тревожности и стресса у машинистов локомотивов как фактора риска артериальной гипертензии
Authors: Старокожева А. Я.
Published: October 2023

Введение. В ответ на стресс в организме запускаются нейрогуморальные реакции, направленные на противодействие ему. Симпатическая нервная система стимулирует надпочечники к выбросу гормонов стресса – адреналина и кортизола. Эти гормоны подготавливают организм к реагированию на угрозу, что вызывает учащение пульса, увеличение частоты дыхания и расширение дыхательных путей, повышение артериального давления, увеличение притока крови к мышцам, уменьшение притока крови к органам пищеварения и другие реакции [1]. Психоэмоциональный стресс является фактором риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Выявлено, что хронический стресс связан не только с повышением артериального давления, но и с другими сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями, такими как инфаркт миокарда и инсульт [2]. На примере воздействия хронического стресса на молодых женщин была доказана роль стресса в развитии у них артериальной гипертонии [3]. Высокий уровень профессионального стресса пагубно воздействует не только на качество, производительность и творческий потенциал сотрудников, но также на их здоровье, благополучие и моральный дух. Факторы, влияющие на развитие стресса на рабочем месте, – это удовлетворенность работой, организация работы, а также то, предлагает ли работа возможности для продвижения по службе и безопасность на рабочем месте. Ощущение стресса на работе или восприятие контроля над событиями могут быть мощными предикторами повышенного артериального давления. В профессиях, связанных с воздействием стресса, необходим контроль психоэмоционального состояния сотрудников и проведение профилактических мероприятий [4].
Содержание интерлейкина-10 и TNF-α у мужчин с артериальной гипертонией, ожирением и нарушениями углеводного обмена
Authors: Хавка Н. Н.
Published: October 2023

Введение. Абдоминальное ожирение, гипергликемия и артериальная гипертония являются важными критериями метаболического синдрома. Ожирение, дислипидемия, сахарный диабет и гипертензия также участвуют в прогрессировании артериосклероза, определяемого как жесткость артерий и атеросклероз, таким образом, играя прогностическую роль. Сочетание нескольких факторов риска в значительной степени повышает риск развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний [1, 2]. Ожирение приводит к повышенной экспрессии провоспалительных адипокинов и, таким образом, поддерживает постоянный воспалительный статус. Абдоминальная жировая ткань является активным продуктантом биологически активных веществ, в том числе интерлейкинов [3]. Метаболические изменения коррелируют с индексом массы тела, резистентностью к инсулину и уровнем триглицеридов в сыворотке, участвуют в процессах атеросклеротического поражения сосудов. Воспаление играет важную роль в патогенезе сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. [4]. Среди факторов воспаления выделят про- и противовоспалительные цитокины. Установлена прогностическая роль факторов воспаления в развитии осложнений, таких как инсульт и инфаркт миокарда. На прогноз влияет сбалансированность воспалительного ответа. Изучение воспаления должно иметь многофакторный характер для его разносторонней оценки [5].
Изучение признаков ишемии миокарда и нарушений сердечного ритма у пациентов при воздействии стресса
Authors: Морунов О. Е.
Published: October 2023

Введение. Психологический стресс является фундаментальным компонентом жизни, воздействующим на всех людей с разной частотой и интенсивностью. Стресс может быть острым или хроническим, может иметь различную социальную причину: семейные разногласия, трагические случаи, тяжелые заболевания, стихийные бедствия, неблагоприятные социально-экономические условия (например, низкий доход, высокий уровень преступности); может быть связан с хроническими психическими заболеваниями, сопровождающимися депрессией и тревожностью. Исследования свидетельствуют, что стресс независимо связан с риском развития ряда заболеваний, включая сердечно-сосудистые заболевания. Физиологическая реакция каждого человека на стрессорное воздействие определяет его последствия для здоровья. Психологический стресс влияет на сердечно-сосудистую систему, приводя к повышению артериального давления, риска инфаркта и инсульта. Стресс увеличивает риск диабета и ухудшает гликемический контроль у диабетиков. Кроме того, стрессовые состояния связаны с более высоким уровнем курения, нарушениями сна. Хронический стресс вызывает нездоровые привычки в еде и предпочтение нездоровой пищи. Это повышает риск гипертонии, ожирения, которые являются факторами риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний [1]. В профессиях, связанных с повышенным уровнем стресса, установлено влияние стресса на развитие нарушений ритма сердца и артериальной гипертензии. Хронический стресс изучен среди военных специальностей, спасателей, пожарных, спортсменов, машинистов локомотивов [2]. Влияние стресса на сердечнососудистую систему зависит от индивидуальной стрессоустойчивости. Для измерения стресса используется несколько методов. Психометрические опросники являются одними из наиболее широко используемых инструментов, учитывая их доступность, низкую стоимость и связь с неблагоприятными исходами. Однако несмотря на то что опросники признаны золотым стандартом, они ограничены, поскольку измеряют исключительно воспринимаемую эмоциональную реакцию на стресс, которая может отличаться от нейропсихиатрических, поведенческих и физических проявлений стресса [3]. Хронический стресс является распространенным, недооцененным фактором риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. В результате воздействия на нейрогормональную активность и воспаление хронический стресс связан с эндотелиальной дисфункцией, изменением сосудистой реактивности и повышением коагуляции. Нейрогормональные и воспалительные эффекты стресса способствуют усилению атеросклеротического воспаления. Вместе эти факторы еще больше усиливают риск атеросклероза и в значительной степени способствуют его связи с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями. Необходимы дополнительные исследования, чтобы понять основные механизмы и разработать соответствующие методы профилактики и лечения. Здоровый образ жизни способствует повышению стрессоустойчивости [4] и профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний [5].
Влияние курения на уровень белков сурфактанта SP-A и SP-D крови у мужчин и женщин г. Новосибирска
Authors: Николаев К. Ю. , Лапицкая Я. К. , Косарев И. А. , Дадашова Н. Ф.
Published: October 2023

Введение. Известно, что воздействие табачного дыма, в частности курение сигарет, является основной причиной сердечно-сосудистых заболевания (ССЗ) и сердечно-сосудистых событий у лиц с ССЗ. Сигаретный дым неблагоприятно влияет на функцию эндотелия, способствует развитию атеросклероза и является протромботическим фактором [1]. Одним из важных патофизиологических механизмов курения является его влияние на состав и функцию легочного сурфактанта, в частности на белки SP-A и SP-D, выполняющие функцию модулирования иммунной среды легких в ответ на проникновение различных патогенных факторов с минимизацией риска чрезмерной воспалительной реакции [2]. Наиболее изучена реакция SP-A и SP-D на сигаретный дым в бронхоальвеолярной жидкости людей и животных, тогда как влияние курения на вышеуказанные сурфактантные белки в крови исследовано недостаточно [3]. В связи с этим целью настоящего исследования явилось определение влияния курения на уровень белков сурфактанта SP-A и SP-D крови у мужчин и женщин г. Новосибирска.
Холестерин, не входящий в состав липопротеинов высокой плотности, – прелюдия и финал кардиометаболического континуума
Authors: Симонова Г. И. , Каширина А. П. , Щербакова Л. П.
Published: October 2023

Введение. Эпидемия ожирения приобрела глобальный характер в последние десятилетия, что привело к значительному росту распространенности метаболического синдрома (МС), сахарного диабета 2 типа (СД2) и смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) не только у лиц старше 45 лет, но и в более молодом возрасте. Современная стратегия коррекции дислипидемии (ДЛП) в основном направлена на снижение до целевых значений уровня холестерина липопротеинов низкой плотности (ХС ЛПНП), что очень важно, но недостаточно для полного контроля апо В-содержащих липопротеинов (ЛП), таких как ЛП очень низкой плотности (ЛПОНП), ЛП промежуточной плотности (ЛППП), ЛП (а), хиломикрон и ремнантов. Их содержание в крови повышено при ожирении, инсулинорезистентности (ИР), МС, СД2 и связано с так называемыми «остаточными рисками» нефатальных и фатальных ССЗ [1, 2]. Холестерин, не входящий в состав ЛП высокой плотности (ХС неЛПВП) является более точным показателем для оценки атерогенности липидного спектра крови и прогнозирования риска ССЗ. Европейским обществом кардиологов и Европейским обществом профилактической кардиологии предложены новые шкалы риска ССЗ SCORE 2 и SCORE OP, в которые вместо ОХС введен показатель ХС неЛПВП [3]. Недостаточно изучены ассоциации различных уровней ИР с метаболическими нарушениями (содержание ХС неЛПВП, гипертриглицеридемия (ГТГ), гипергликемия натощак и др.) как предикторами МС, АГ, СД2, ССЗ и кардиоваскулярной смертности [4]. Поиск новых маркеров ИР, менее сложных для определения в условиях широкой клинической практики, чем клэмп-тест, весьма актуален. Этим требованиям отвечает триглицеридно-глюкозный индекс (TyG) [6, 7]. В крупных популяционных исследованиях показано, что индекс TyG с высокой степенью точности прогнозировал развитие новых случаев ССЗ, МС и СД2 у лиц без нарушений углеводного обмена [5]. В 13-летнем проспективном исследовании PURE (n = 141243) в когорте с максимальными значениями индекса TyG по сравнению с минимальными относительный риск ССЗ, в том числе инфаркта миокарда и инсульта, был значимо выше [6]. В метаанализе 12 исследований с числом обследованных более 6 млн человек при самых высоких значениях TyG риск ИБС был в 2 раза выше, чем при самых низких. На 1 единицу увеличения TyG риск ИБС и всех ССЗ возрастал на 35 и 23 % соответственно [7]. Эпидемиологические исследования по анализу ассоциаций ХС неЛПВП и TyG с МС, СД2 и другими кардиометаболическими нарушениями с изучением уровня ХС неЛПВП в зависимости от величины инсулинорезистентности в контексте кардиометаболического континуума в РФ ранее не проводились.
APPLICATION OF VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIONS FOR FORECASTING MONETARY POLICY
Authors: Akylbekov A. A. , Seitkaziyeva A. M. , Kenzhalina Zh. Sh.
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study is to consider the theoretical and empirical application of methods and models of vector autoregressions to analyze the infl uence of various macroeconomic variables in the construction of a monetary policy model.

Methodology. The research methods used are generalization of experience regarding the use of vector autoregressions, factor analysis, methodology for evaluating VAR models containing fi fteen real, price, monetary and external variables. A number of tests were conducted to assess the quality of the analyzed model: impulse response analysis, forecasting and simulations.

This article analyzes the infl uence of factors on each other, as well as the interpretation of the results, which can be further used to obtain practical recommendations for improving the methods of research and forecasting monetary policy.

Originality / value of the research. The paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of diff erent approaches in the construction of vector autoregressive models, both in the selection of factors and their preparation for use in the model. This article examines the observation period from 2010 to 2021, that is, before and after the introduction of the infl ation targeting regime, and the assessment of the pandemic shock in Kazakhstan, without aff ecting the shocks of 2022.

Findings. The work carried out made it possible to verify the applicability of vector autoregression methods, this statement is confi rmed by the inverse predictive power of the models. In this paper, the eff ectiveness of the proposed models was evaluated on macro factors in Kazakhstan.
Microstructural characterization of ZrB2–SiC–Si–MoSi2–WC coatings applied by SPS on graphite substrate
Authors: Jaberi Zamharir Mehran , Zakeri Mohammad , Jahangiri Zahra , Mohammadzadeh Ahad
Published: October 2023

The aim of this research was to apply a protective composite coating made of ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) on the graphite substrates. The spark plasma sintering (SPS) method was used to apply this coating on the graphite substrate. First, efforts were made to choose the right chemical composition for the composite material of the coating and the sintering conditions (temperature, pressure, and holding time) for applying the coating. Then, single-layer coatings with the basic composition of ZrB2–SiC–Si with WC and MoSi2 additives in equal amounts of 1.25 and 3.75 vol% of each were successfully applied on the graphite substrates under sintering conditions of 1875±25 °C final temperature, 10 MPa initial pressure, 25 MPa final pressure and 5 min holding time. The presence of the Si element in the basic composition of these coatings, in addition to helping to form an intermediate diffusion layer at the interface between the composite coating and the graphite substrate, caused the strengthening of the joining despite the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the graphite and the composite coating.
Mixed News about the Bad News Game
Authors: Graham Megan E. , Skov Brittany , Gilson Zoë , Heise Calvin , Fallow Kaitlyn M. , Mah Eric Y. , Lindsay D. Stephen
Published: October 2023

Basol et al. (2020) tested the “the Bad News Game” (BNG), an app designed to improve ability to spot false claims on social media. Participants rated simulated Tweets, then played either the BNG or an unrelated game, then re-rated the Tweets. Playing the BNG lowered rated belief in false Tweets. Here, four teams of undergraduate psychology students each attempted an extended replication of Basol et al., using updated versions of the original Bad News game. The most important extension was that the replications included a larger number of true Tweets than the original study and planned analyses of responses to true Tweets. The four replications were loosely coordinated, with each team independently working out how to implement the agreed plan. Despite many departures from the Basol et al. method, all four teams replicated their key finding: Playing the BNG reduced belief in false Tweets. But playing the BNG also reduced belief in true Tweets to the same or almost the same extent. Exploratory signal detection theory analyses indicated that the BNG increased response bias but did not improve discrimination. This converges with findings reported by Modirrousta-Galian and Higham (2023).
Management and outcomes of pregnant ICU patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia in Qatar: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Elfil Hayat , Hussein Mogahed Ismail Hassan , Kily Layla J. M. , Ahmed Sohel M. G. , Janish Mohammed , Abuyaqoub Salwa M. , Saleh Huda A. , Lance Marcus D.
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Pregnant women are considered a high-risk group for COVID-19 due to their increased vulnerability to viral infections. The impact of COVID-19 on pregnant women is not well understood, and there is a need for data on managing severe COVID-19 in pregnant patients. This retrospective descriptive cohort study described the characteristics, hospital stay, interventions, and outcomes of pregnant patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) with severe COVID-19 pneumonia in Qatar.

Methods: Data were collected from medical records and chart reviews of pregnant women admitted to Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) with COVID-19 pneumonia from March 01, 2020, to July 31, 2021. The inclusion criteria encompassed pregnant women with a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) antigen test or radiological changes at admission, requiring respiratory support, and hospitalized for more than 24 hours.

Results: A total of 43 pregnant women were included in this study. Most patients were admitted during the first wave of the pandemic, with a median gestational age of 212 days [interquartile range 178–242 days] at presentation. The most common respiratory support methods were high-flow nasal cannula, non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, and invasive positive pressure ventilation. Convalescent plasma therapy was administered to 58% of patients, and tocilizumab was used in 28%. Renal replacement therapy was required by 4.6% of patients and 7% required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the impact of COVID-19 on pregnant patients admitted to the ICUs in Qatar. The results suggest that pregnant patients with COVID-19 pneumonia require close monitoring and appropriate interventions to minimize adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus. The data may contribute to future guidelines and management strategies for severe COVID-19 in pregnant patients.
Implantação e avaliação das Boas Práticas de Fabricação – BPF: estudo de caso
Authors: Sinhorini Marcia Regina , Oliveira Lindomar Subtil de , Alfaro Alexandre da Trindade
Published: October 2023

O programa de Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF) é uma importante ferramenta, largamente utilizada para garantir o padrão de qualidade exigido pelo mercado consumidor. Este trabalho aborda os procedimentos empregados para realizar a implantação e monitoramento do BPF para uma planta de produção de farinhas e óleos de aves. Para a execução do trabalho, apresentou-se o programa à direção da empresa e formou-se uma equipe multidisciplinar. Na sequência, caracterizou-se o processo in loco para obter informações a respeito da elaboração do manual. Uma das etapas fundamentais do processo foi a aplicação de treinamentos ministrados pela gestora da qualidade. A última etapa do trabalho constituiu-se no monitoramento do programa por meio de auditorias internas. Observou-se que as auditorias influenciaram significativamente na melhoria de todas as etapas de implantação. A implantação das BPF resultou na aplicação de medidas corretivas com o envolvimento de toda equipe organizacional.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolados de pescados do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos
Authors: Milan Camile , Silveira Débora Rodrigues , Rosa Janaina Viana da , Timm Cláudio Dias
Published: October 2023

O estuário da Lagoa dos Patos é um importante polo pesqueiro artesanal por constituir área de criação de diversas espécies de peixes e crustáceos. Suas águas são influenciadas diretamente por fatores meteorológicos, os quais interferem na entrada de água oceânica no estuário e na vazão, refletindo na sua salinidade. Por esta razão, há a possibilidade de V. parahaemolyticus ser encontrado no estuário da lagoa e, consequentemente, nos pescados nele capturados, o que ofereceria risco aos consumidores. O objetivo do estudo foi de avaliar a presença de V. parahaemolyticus em pescados do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos, capturados e processados artesanalmente. Cinquenta e seis amostras de pescados oriundos do estuário da Lagoa dos Patos foram analisadas quanto à presença de V. parahaemolyticus. Três das cinco espécies analisadas, camarão-rosa (Farfantepenaeus paulensis), tainha (Mugil platanus) e linguado (Paralichthys orbignyanus) albergavam o micro-organismo pesquisado. Estes resultados servem de alerta para a necessidade de maior fiscalização na produção de pescados, bem como da adoção de medidas higiênico-sanitárias que previnam o risco de transmissão deste patógeno para os consumidores. Este é o primeiro registro de isolamento de V. parahaemolyticus de F. paulensis, M. platanus e P. orbignyanus.
Determinação simultânea de Rifampicina, Isoniazida, Pirazinamida e Etambutol em comprimidos com doses fixas combinadas
Authors: Lima Patrícia Condé de , Albert André Luiz Mazzei , Leandro Kátia Christina
Published: October 2023

Os comprimidos utilizados no tratamento da tuberculose possuem quatro fármacos associados, isoniazida, pirazinamida, etambutol e rifampicina, e são distribuídos gratuitamente pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. Os métodos analíticos oficiais para analisar este medicamento estão especificados na Farmacopeia Americana 36a edição e na Farmacopeia Internacional 4a edição. Porém, estes compêndios oficiais não possuem monografias para análise simultânea dos quatro fármacos. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma metodologia para determinar simultaneamente os princípios ativos em comprimidos dose fixa combinada, utilizando-se cromatografia a líquido de alta eficiência com detector de ultravioleta-visível, pois é de grande importância para o controle da qualidade do medicamento. O método desenvolvido utilizou coluna cromatográfica C18 (250 x 4,6) mm e 5 μm, fase móvel constituída de fase aquosa (85 % tampão formiato de amônio 0,3 mol/L pH 5, 15 % metanol e 0,005 mol/L de Cu2+ ou 250 mg/L de CuSO4.5H2O) e fase orgânica (metanol, 0,1 % de trietilamina e 0,2 % de ácido fórmico). O fluxo foi de 1,0 mL/min e comprimento de ondade 265 nm para isoniazida, pirazinamida e o etambutol e de 335 nm para rifampicina. Este método apresentou desvio padrão relativo inferior a 2,0 % na precisão e linearidade para os quatro fármacos estudados.
Toxoplasma gondii: soroprevalência e fatores de risco em ovelhas no planalto serrano de Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Moura Anderson Barbosa de , Silva Marcio Orides da , Trevisani Natascha , Souza Antonio Pereira de , Sartor Amélia Aparecida , Quadros Rosiléia Marinho de
Published: October 2023

Toxoplasma gondii pode causar problemas reprodutivos em ovinos. Com os objetivos de determinar a soroprevalência de T. gondii e de identificar os fatores de risco da infecção, foram coletadas 1308 amostras de sangue de ovelhas em idade reprodutiva (≥ 18 meses), em 92 propriedades de 30 municípios da mesorregião serrana de Santa Catarina-Brasil, para realizar a pesquisa de anticorpos específicos por meio de reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). Informações dos animais (manejo, frequência e tipo de transtornos reprodutivos, dieta e contato com gatos) foram obtidas por meio de questionário. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes exato de Fisher e do qui-quadrado (p < 0,05). Das 1308 amostras analisadas, 55,9 % (731/1308) apresentaram anticorpos IgG anti-T. gondii, nas diluições de 1:64 a 1:4096. Não houve diferença significativa (p > 0,05) entre as propriedades ou municípios avaliados, tampouco na correlação entre os resultados de sorologia e as variáveis raça e contato com gatos. Correlação positiva (p = 0,003) foi verificada entre a soropositividade e a dieta exclusiva de pasto nativo. Tendência (p = 0,07) de maior soroprevalência entre os animais com desordens reprodutivas foi observada. A infecção por T. gondii em ovelhas está amplamente disseminada na mesorregião serrana de Santa Catarina, o que representa risco para a saúde pública.
Caracterização microbiológica e físico-química de leite cru e queijo colonial da região Fronteira Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
Authors: Funck Graciele Daiana , Hermanns Gislaine , Vicenzi Raul , Schmidt Jéssica Tamiozzo , Richards Neila Silvia Pereira dos Santos , Silva Wladimir Padilha da , Fiorentini Ângela Maria
Published: October 2023

Este estudo avaliou as características microbiológicas e físico-químicas de leite cru e queijo colonial da região Fronteira Noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Para isto, foram feitas coletas de amostras em janeiro e julho. Análises microbiológicas (bactérias aeróbias mesófilas, coliformes totais e termotolerantes, Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, Salmonella spp. e Listeria monocytogenes, bactérias ácido lácticas) e físico-químicas (pH, acidez, sólidos totais, proteína, lipídeos, Aa, umidade, NaCl) foram realizadas. As amostras de leite e de queijo indicaram baixa qualidade microbiológica, pois houve detecção de altos níveis de bactérias mesófilas, coliformes totais e termotolerantes e Staphylococcus coagulase positiva. Altas contagens de bactérias ácido láticas foram observadas. Entretanto, não foi detectada a presença de Salmonella spp. e Listeria monocytogenes. O desvio padrão acima de um (1,0) nos conteúdos de lipídeos, proteínas, umidade e sal indicou que não houve seguimento do procedimento padrão estabelecido na produção local de queijos. O período de coleta de amostras resultou em diferenças nas análises de microbiota, sólidos totais do leite e dos queijos, o teor de umidade, Aa e sal. O período de maturação não causou significativa influência sobre as contagens microbianas, mas promoveu aumento no conteúdo de proteína e diminuição na Aa dos queijos coletados em julho.
Avaliação da técnica PCR multiplex para detecção de fraude por adição de carne bubalina em carne moída bovina
Authors: Oliveira Andrey Carlos do Sacramento de , Ferreira Bárbara Cristina Amorim , Cardoso Gabrielle Virgínia Ferreira , Silva Cleyzer Lopes , Silva Andréia Silva da , Silva Flávio da , Melo Rafael Monteiro de , Cardilli Diogo José , Leite Fábio Pereira Leivas , Roos Talita Bandeira , Moraes Carina Martins de
Published: October 2023

O presente trabalho avaliou a sensibilidade de uma modalidade de técnica de PCR multiplex para efetuar a detecção de fraude por adição intencional de carne moída bubalina em carne moída bovina. Neste contexto, as amostras de carnes moídas de bovinos com adição de 0,01 %, 0,1 %, 1,0 %, 5,0 %, 10,0 %, 25,0 %, 50,0 %, 75,0 %, 90,0 %, 95,0 %, 99,0 %, 99,9 %, 99,99 % de carne moída bubalina foram produzidas em triplicata com cinco réplicas. As carnes moídas exclusivamente de cada uma das espécies foram utilizadas como amostras controle. Cada uma das amostras produzidas foi analisada por meio de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase multiplex. A fim de realizar a análise da sensibilidade do teste, percentagens conhecidas de amostras de DNA (0,01 %, 0,1 %, 1,0 %, 5,0 %,10,0 %, 25,0 %, 50,0 %, 75,0 %, 90,0 %, 95,0 %, 99,0 %, 99,9 %, 99,99 %) das espécies Bos taurus e Bubalus bubalis foram diluídas e misturadas em um volume final de 10 μL; e estas foram também analisadas pela metodologia de PCR proposta. A técnica de PCR multiplex mostrou ser eficaz e de alta sensibilidade, capaz de detectar incrementos de 10,0 % (2,05 ng) de DNA bubalino e de 0,1 % (0,041 ng) de DNA bovino.
Qualidade microbiológica do alho (Allium sativum) produzido e comercializado em mercados públicos
Authors: Fontenele Luiza Mayara dos Santos , Azevedo Maria Liliane Ximendes , Cardoso Filho Francisco das Chagas , Muratori Maria Christina Sanches , Sá Leonel Rômulo Souza de , Pereira Maria Marlucia Gomes
Published: October 2023

Considerado um alimento funcional, o alho colabora na melhoria do metabolismo e na prevenção de problemas de saúde. Seu principal composto, a alicina, é responsável pela maioria das propriedades farmacológicas, antioxidantes e antibióticas, além de combater bactérias e fungos. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade higiênica e sanitária do alho oriundo da microrregião de Picos/PI. Foram coletadas 35 amostras de alho produzido em Picos e 15 amostras do alho importado exposto à venda no mercado da cidade e encaminhadas ao Laboratório NUEPPA/UFPI. Para efetuar as análises seguiu-se a Instrução Normativa 62. Com relação a coliformes totais e termotolerantes, as amostras de alho não apresentaram diferença significativa. Em amostras de ambas as procedências, foram encontrados os gêneros fúngicos Absidia spp, Alternaria spp, Aspergillus spp, Chrysonilia spp, Cladosporium spp, Moniliella spp e Penicillium spp. As amostras produzidas em Picos apresentaram condições higiênicas e sanitárias satisfatórias; e das importadas, apenas uma apresentou condições insatisfatórias. No entanto, vale destacar a presença de gêneros fúngicos, o que sugere maior atenção no armazenamento e conservação.
Lipocalina associada à gelatinase neutrofílica (NGAL) como um biomarcador de lesão renal: uma revisão
Authors: Lago Matheus Wagner , Moresco Rafael Noal , Bochi Guilherme Vargas
Published: October 2023

Lipocalina associada à gelatinase neutrofílica (NGAL) é uma molécula proteica predominantemente expressa na parte distal do néfron após a ocorrência de lesão renal. Diferentemente da creatinina sérica e da taxa de filtração glomerular, que são marcadores de função renal, os níveis aumentados de NGAL, tanto no soro quanto na urina, estão intimamente ligados a lesões estruturais do néfron. Os estudos clínicos indicam que poucas horas após a ocorrência da lesão renal aguda os níveis séricos e urinários de NGAL já se apresentam significativamente elevados, enquanto os níveis séricos de creatinina e a sua depuração renal apenas sofrem alterações significativas entre 24-48h após a lesão. Assim, a utilização de marcadores de função renal, usualmente avaliados na prática clínica, pode apresentar algumas limitações além de dificultar a aplicação de medidas precoces que visam a proteção renal. Esta revisão da literatura tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos biológicos e as aplicações da mensuração de NGAL em algumas condições clínicas, incluindo injúria renal, nefropatias e isquemia renal.
Validação e aplicação de métodos cromatográficos para determinação de vitaminas em suplementos
Authors: Abe-Matsumoto Lucile Tiemi , Sampaio Geni Rodrigues , Bastos Deborah Helena Markowicz
Published: October 2023

Foram propostas duas metodologias para realizar a determinação de vitaminas em suplementos por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE): uma para a determinação simultânea de vitaminas lipossolúveis (acetato de retinol, palmitato de retinol, acetato de α-tocoferol e β-caroteno) e outra para a determinação simultânea de vitaminas hidrossolúveis (B1, vitamina C, nicotinamida, ácido nicotínico, B6 e ácido pantotênico). A validação das metodologias foi realizada utilizando-se material de referência certificado SRM 3280 do NIST e padrões de vitaminas. Os limites de detecção (LDs) e de quantificação (LQs) variaram entre 0,3 e 4,3 µg/mL e entre 0,5 e 14,0 µg/mL, respectivamente. Os percentuais de recuperação dos padrões adicionados nas matrizes variaram entre 92 % e 109 % e entre 86 % e 108 % no material de referência. A repetitividade foi calculada utilizando-se o desvio padrão relativo (RSD); e foram detectados valores entre 0,2 % e 9,6 %. Os métodos validados foram aplicados para a determinação de vitaminas A, E, B1, C, niacina, B6 e ácido pantotênico em 10 amostras de suplementos vitamínicos. Ambos os métodos são adequados para a análise de vitaminas em suplementos e suas aplicações serão imprescindíveis, visto a necessidade urgente de efetuar monitoramento e fiscalização destes produtos.
Avaliação da estabilidade da capacidade antioxidante e de parâmetros físico-químicos de néctares de frutas caseiros
Authors: Silva Bárbara Pereira da , Balbino Karla Pereira , Cardoso Leandro de Morais , Aquino Priscila Peixoto , Pinheiro-Sant’Ana Helena Maria , Ribeiro Sônia Machado Rocha
Published: October 2023

Este estudo avaliou a capacidade antioxidante e os indicadores físico-químicos de néctares caseiros de laranja, manga e maracujá, mantidos sob refrigeração (5 ± 2 oC) por 24 horas. Os néctares foram preparados em laboratório e mantidos sob refrigeração, simulando as condições domésticas. As análises foram realizadas após o preparo (T0) e durante o acondicionamento sob refrigeração (1 h, 4 h e 24 h). Os sólidos solúveis, pH e cor foram determinados respectivamente por refratometria, potenciometria e colorimetria. Carotenoides e ácido ascórbico foram analisados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência; a concentração de compostos fenólicos foi determinada utilizando-se o reagente de Folin Ciocalteau e a atividade antioxidante pelo teste do DPPH. Ácido ascórbico, β-caroteno e compostos fenólicos foram identificados em todos os néctares. Foram encontrados α-caroteno e β-criptoxantina no néctar de laranja e licopeno no néctar de manga. Durante 24 horas de refrigeração, os compostos analisados e a atividade antioxidante mantiveram-se estáveis. De forma geral, os parâmetros físico-químicos também se mantiveram estáveis durante o período avaliado. Em conclusão, sob as condições utilizadas no presente estudo, os néctares não apresentaram alteração da capacidade antioxidante, podendo ser considerados fontes de carotenoides e vitamina C, mesmo se consumidos após 24 horas de preparo.
Validação de método de PCR para detecção de micoplasmas no controle de qualidade da vacina de Febre Amarela
Authors: Lawson-Ferreira Rafael , Santos João Pedro Sousa , Parmera Danilo , Guimarães Rosane Cuber , Coelho Joyce Brito de Carvalho , Frota Simone Cascardo , Mattoso Josiane Machado Vieira , Oliveira Carina Cantelli Pacheco de , Hokama Darcy Akemi , Filippis Ivano de , Nascimento Elmiro Rosendo do , Caride Elena Cristina
Published: October 2023

Dentre as vacinas produzidas por Bio-Manguinhos, um importante centro de produção de imunobiológicos da América Latina, destaca-se a vacina de febre amarela (FA) que é produzida em ovos embrionados. Para garantir a excelência e a segurança da vacina, testes de controle de qualidade são realizados durante a produção. A Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) exige dos produtores a ausência de Mycoplasma orale, M. pneumoniae, M. gallisepticum e M. synoviae em produtos biológicos. Micoplasmas são micro-organismos fastidiosos, sendo necessários 35 dias para que os testes de cultura sejam conclusivos. Neste estudo foram selecionados métodos de amplificação de fragmentos do gene 16SrRNA para detecção de micoplasmas em produtos intermediários da vacina de FA. Esta metodologia padronizada foi capaz de detectar baixas concentrações de micoplasmas nos produtos intermediários e a ausência de amplificação inespecífica foi demonstrada. Olimite de detecção variou entre 3,1 e 12,5 unidades formadoras de colônia; e nas amostras testadas a sensibilidade e a especificidade foram de 100 %. Oprotocolo de PCR para detecção de micoplasmas na vacina foi validado pela análise de 286 amostras. Bio-Manguinhos produz 10.000.000 doses de vacina de febre amarela por ano e, desde 2008, este método tem sido empregado com sucesso, complementando-se a abordagem tradicional.
A case of Wiskott — Aldrich syndrome in an infant
Authors: Churyukina E. V. , Koreeva E. V. , Selezneva O. S.
Published: October 2023

Wiskott — Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare, X-linked combined disease with immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the WAS gene that encodes the WAS protein (WASp). Manifestations range from a relatively mild form of the disease (intermittent X-linked thrombocytopenia), characterized by thrombocytopenia with or without minor immunodeficiency, to a severe form with deep immunodeficiency, episodes of bleeding, the development of autoimmunity and an increased risk of malignancy. Many patients have intermediate degrees of severity. It is precisely this heterogeneity in the clinical spectrum that makes it difficult to make a primary diagnosis of WAS. The article presents a clinical case of primary immunodeficiency detected in a 2-month-old child.
SOCIAL MEDIA AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT NEXUS IN BENUE STATE NIGERIA: EVIDENCE FROM A BINARY LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL
Authors: Agbor Margaret Oka , Lifu Dr. Frank Lifu , Osang Joseph Eja- , Lifu Odey Christopher
Published: October 2023

This study carried out an analysis of social media and entrepreneurship development nexus in Benue State. The researcher used mainly primary data from a sample of three hundred entrepreneurs in Zone A, B & C in Benue State Nigeria. The primary data was obtained using a structured questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed using logit regression to establish the relationship between social media and entrepreneurship development while principal component analysis was used to identify the most important factors that affects the use of social media in entrepreneurship development. The result of the binary logistic regression analysis indicates that Social Media  added significantly to the model/prediction. This means that the logistic model was statistically significant at 5 percent level of significance. Increasing the use of social media was associated with an increased likelihood of entrepreneurship development in Benue State. The logistic regression model was statistically significant, using values from the Omnibus Test of Model Coefficient. The model explained  of the variance in post harvest losses of orange in the studied areas and correctly classified of cases. Use of social media was 0.018 times more likely to bring about entrepreneurship development in the studied areas. It was concluded that social media have a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurship development in Benue State Nigeria. It was recommended among others that entrepreneurs in the study area should engage more qualified personnel who can create the right content needed to engage the diverse customers of the business. When this is done, the likelihood of the use of social media in bringing about entrepreneurship development in Benue State can be increased.