bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Neuregulin4 function in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome disorder
Authors: Lara Balasim Al-Dahy  , Yasir Khaleel Almusawi  , Arwa Fadil Haqi Ballur
Published: November 2022

Subject: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is female disorder caused by cysts formation in ovarian that results disorder of hormones secretion and menstrual cycle. Neuregulin 4 (NRG4) is one of adipokines family members synthesis and release via adipose tissues, it acts as activator the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).Objective of the Study: Assessment role of NRG4 in PCOS patients.Materials and Methods: Present study included 30 PCOS patients with 30 controls, the age individuals of tow group at study were 18 years and above of females. At this study measured serum NRG4 level by quantity method for all study individuals, the body mass index (BMI) also measured for all study individuals.Results: Present study explain increase of NRG4 level in serum samples and BMI in PCOS patients group compared with control group.Conclusion: Current study demonstrate role of NRG4 level that act as compensate mechanism in PCOS disorder.
Methods and appreciations for holistic teaching of the mother tongue: from the expansion of teacher linguistic awareness to the multimodal corpus
Authors: Pilar Aimy Cuya Valera  , José Argenis Mestre Infante  , Juan Carlos Lázaro Guillermo  , Ader Martín Guerra Rios  , Josefrank Pernalete Lugo  , Ysaelen Odor Rossel
Published: November 2022

The present work investigates perspectives, models and pedagogical and didactic tools applicable to the teaching of the mother tongue, through bibliographic research of comparative and contrasted referents to generate a dialectic between the macro-discourses that Permian the configuration of the linguistic contents. The finding behind these inquiries is the comprehensive description of these trends for future mother tongue teachers, to clarify terminologies and define a few more concepts and models that remain amorphous today.
Hydropower Project Safety & its Impact on Environment & Culture of the Indigenous Civilization: - A Case of Lohari Village, Uttarakhand
Authors: MADHVI SINGH  , ANNA NATH GANGULY
Published: November 2022

Background: - Lakhwar-Vyasi Project, a significant project initiated in 1992 and finally completed in 2022; witnessed the rights violation and impacted the livelihoods of Lohari village when they were vacated without resettlement. This study analysis the interconnectedness between mainstreaming and commercialization on one hand and the necessity of preserving indigenous group for sustainable environment.Methods: - The data pool comprised 156 publications from the years 1979 to 2022, spread across eight different document categories. This study is also based on a historical and descriptive analysis of the literature on ethnicity and indigenous populations, while also undertaking a scientific investigation into the empirical research on source material regarding the construction of hydroelectric power plants.Results: - The need to determine how many dams will displace indigenous communities in the near future and how much this will affect India's ecological balance has become urgent. This is because all such projects disrupt settlement by uprooting both the local culture and its ecological balance at the same time.Conclusion: - Locating and awakening the majority of the planet will get us closer to understanding why we should protect this system, which is why protecting Indigenous Communities is crucial for the environment.
Evaluation of Phytochemical, proximate analysis, mineral composition and polyphenolic contents of aqueous extract of (Ephedra (Alata) leaves
Authors: Muna Hasson Saoudi
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to determine the mineral, phytochemical constituents and nutritive worth of (leaf Ephedra )which grows in AL –Salman desert, south of Iraq. The nutritional properties and elemental values of this (medicinal plant) were evaluated by leaves aqueous extract that showed high amounts of proteins 12% and carbohydrates 41%, with low amounts of fats. The Results of the phyto-composition in mg/100 g ((DW)) revealed variable contents of TPC, TFC and (TAC )in Ephedra extract leaves obtaining a yield of (48.15±0.6,33.3±0.1,8.8±0.5) respectively. The mineral investigation indicated that this plant leaf has relatively high mineral content like (Cu, K, Ca, Zn, Fe, Mn,) and Mg. Therefore, the present results of phytochemistry, minerals and nutritional content in this promising herb plant promote the leaf's use as nutrition materials or as pharmaceutical supplements and for clinical treatments.
An outline of the trend of change: a case of an indigenous Rabha tribe of India
Authors: Chaitali Datta  , Nirupama Prakash  , Debol Kumar Singharoy
Published: November 2022

The unique feature of indigenous Rabha tribal community in West Bengal is somewhat different as regards to the other indigenous tribal community in West Bengal. The Rabha society is of two ecological groups with strange co-existence of two different social systems, like, one group live in the reserve forest, and another group in rural revenue village. These two Rabha groups not only live in two ecological settings, but also there exist positive cultural and linguistic differences between these two groups. The purpose was to accentuate the present trend of changes over years among indigenous matrilineal forest Rabhas of West Bengal, India. The objective was to find out the trend of changes in today’s Rabha society in forest villages. Both the primary and secondary sources of data were used. The quantitative method was adopted. The interview technique was applied for data collection besides observation.They are now experiencing the changing situation of progress, development and modernity. They have adapted to the significant changes in their exposure to the outside world beyond their community and villages; literacy and higher educational attainments; diversified economic activities, traditional cultural pattern, traditional political institution; and also emergence of a subtle differentiation in family status in society.
Women Entrepreneurs in India: Evolution, Current Challenges and Future Prospects
Authors: Arpita Singh  , Ripudaman Singh
Published: November 2022

Women constitute essential part of our society in general but due to various discriminatory treatments they positioned behind men in the society, not because they lack capability but because of the patriarchal norms which have persisted in our culture across different time period. Society has created an image of women being dependent, sophisticated, work confine to managing house, which stands opposite to reality. Every living and nonliving thing on this planet maintains equilibrium for their survival. Women has played key role in defining and maintaining the equilibrium as well as progress of society as a whole. Despite the fact, issues like gender equality, non-discriminatory measures have always brought forward. Women are presenting themselves everywhere, like, Work front, education, entertainment industry, etc. there has been progressive growth in the status of women, but still, women have to battle for equal rights and treatment.
A Review: Association of Alpha-fetoprotein With Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Venkatesan Narasimman  , Radha Saraswathy
Published: November 2022

Cluster of Metabolic syndrome is closely associated with various types of cancer. Alpha feto-protein is still used as a biomarker for liver cancer worldwide but relation between metabolic syndrome and the exact role of alpha fetoprotein in adult is unclear. The recent study evidenced that there is a relationship with alpha feto-protein and cluster of metabolic syndrome. The relationship between alpha feto-protein and various metabolic syndrome and alpha fetoprotein may be used as metabolic markers. Liver is major organ for the metabolism if any changes in the liver leads various metabolic diseases and also severe damage develops liver diseases, injure healthy liver cells, causing cell death and inflammation and alpha fetoprotein levels are important for the diagnosis of liver cancer. Alpha feto-protein may be help for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome or liver cells damage screening.
The protective effect of the alcoholic extract Lactuca serriola on some physiological parameters in the liver in white mice induced with Benzo(a)pyrene
Authors: Roaa Waleed Dawood  , Ashwaq Talib Hameed  , Shaimaa Hijlan Sayer
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using the alcoholic extract Lactuca serriole as a protective agent against the chemical compound benzopyrene that causes cancer. Alkanes are the dominant group in addition to the presence of phenol, alkene and ester, the highest concentration of the compound (1-Heneicosyl formate) (42.579) and the lowest concentration of the compound (1,6-Octadien3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, 2- aminobenzoate) by (1.009%), the results showed a significant decrease at the level of probability (P≥ 0.05) in the level of total protein in the liver in the group of animals that were dosed with carcinogenic benzopyrene in comparison with the healthy control group, while the effect on the level of total protein was less than in the group of animals that were dosed with carcinogenic benzopyrene, while the effect on the level of total protein was less than in the healthy control group In the groups that were dosed with alcoholic extract of wild lettuce plant with a concentration of 0.006mg/kg for the first group, 0.003 mg/kg for the second group, and a concentration of 0.0015mg/kg for the third group in conjunction with the benzene and pyrene carcinogen in comparison with the control group. It also showed a significant increase at the level of probability (0.05≥P) in the activity of the transaminase enzymes AST and ALT in the liver in the group of animals that were dosed with the carcinogenic substance benzopyrene compared to the healthy control group, while the effect on the level of enzymes was less in the groups that were dosed with alcoholic extract of wild lettuce plant with a concentration of 0.006mg/kg for the first group and 0.003mg/kg for the second group and 0.0015mg/kg for the third group in conjunction with the carcinogenic benzopyrene and compared with the control group.
Synthesis and Characterization of α-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Using the Precipitation and Eco-Friendly Methods
Authors: Mostefe Khalid Mohammed  , Abdulqadier Hussien Al khazraji
Published: November 2022

Iron oxide (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles were fabricated by chemical precipitation and Eco-Friendly routes, using Capparis Spinosa leaves extract, sodium hydroxide and iron sulphate heptahydrous. The calcination temperature for α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles was at 600 °C. All prepared samples were investigated using different physical methods such as XRD, FT-IR, FESEM, EDX and DLS. The XRD analysis confirmed that all the prepared nanoparticles consist only hematite phase with the size of 31.95 nm and 26.92 nm for chemical precipitation and Eco-Friendly method respectively. The α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the FESEM image showed a spherical nanoparticle structure. The EDX results presented the elements content (Fe = 64.3, O= 24.6) by green synthesis and (Fe = 66.3, O= 29.3) through chemical method. The distribution of iron oxide nanoparticles prepared via the Eco-Friendly method was greater as compared to the chemical precipitation method according to DLS analysis.
Synthesis and study of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their nanocomposites
Authors: Nawal Hussien Mohammed  , Abdulqadier Hussien Al khazraji
Published: November 2022

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was synthesized via chemical route using sodium hydroxide and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) as a precursor. Zinc oxide nanoparticles/Nanographite-oxide nanocomposite (ZnO/NGO) were synthesized by solution method. The calcination temperature of zinc oxide nanoparticles was 600 °C. The crystal structure of ZnO NPs with average size 32.99 nm was measured by XRD. FT-IR spectrum was used to confirm the presence of functional groups in ZnO and Zn(OH)2 NPs. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) gave a wider nanoparticle size distribution in two peaks with average 725 nm, also the BET and BJH analysis indicated that ZnO NPs / NGO nanocomposite have a well surface area with good nanoparticles diffusion compering as ZnO NPs. The morphology analysis by FESEM technique was given different sizes and shapes nanoparticles (oval, sheet and cubic) with average diameters extended 228.065 and 134.784 nm , 39.63 and 127 nm for Zn(OH)2 and ZnO NPs , NGO sheet and ZnO/NGO nanocomposite respectively.
Studying the effect of Gold Nanoparticles on some bacterial species isolated from surgical wound infections
Authors: Hana Abdel Latif Yassin  , Buraq Faisal Subhi
Published: November 2022

The process of synthesis of gold nanoparticles biologically is a safe, environmentally friendly and inexpensive method and had an effect on the most common bacterial species in surgical inflammation, as the gold particles were synthesized in a biological way and no toxic substance was used, as secondary metabolites (K. pneumoniae) as a reducing agent of HAuCL4.4H2O chloric acid to gold nanoparticles. Characterization of gold nanoparticles was carried out using ultraviolet spectroscopy, which showed that the absorption peak was at 572 nm. The infrared absorption spectrum showed several peaks ranging between (600-4000) evidence of the interference of gold nanoparticles with the particles contained in the bacterial suspension (leachate), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that gold nanoparticles were spherical in shape, and X-ray diffraction examination showed that they are particles of spherical shape. Nano-gold compared to the reference card (ICDD card No.03-065-2870).
THE SPECTRUM OF MACROPHAGE INHIBITORY FACTOR CYTOKINE RESPONSES IN PADIATRIC BCG VACCINEE
Authors: Tiba Ahmed Kareem  , Ibrahim M. S. Shnawa
Published: November 2022

At most BCG vaccination in childhood is being finalized with scar formation. Absence of BCG scar formation few days post-vaccination can be a state of anergy. Though, gradual scar fade up may demonstrate a case of waning immunity. The present work was performed onto three groups of healthy children. Scar bearing BCG vaccinee child, non-scar bearing BCG vaccinee child and non-vaccinated child as controls. Age, scar size and macrophage inhibitory factor MIF cytokines were determined. A fraction of scar bearing BCG vaccinee were showing lower MIF concentration than normal controls. A state of waning cytokine responses in spite of the presence of scar. Likewise, a fraction of non-scar bearing BCG vaccinee were showing MIF concentrations lower than that of normal healthy controls ,a state of waning cytokine responses that parallels the waning of gross manifestation of the scar reactions. These findings point out the condition of heterogeneity or divergency of the immune response to BCG vaccines in childhood. MIF cytokine herd response were showing low moderate, and high responders in vaccinated children. The MIF cytokine herd response plots were of Gaussian distribution plots.
A Cytogenetic Study of the Effect of Bee Venom on the Genetic Material in the Laboratory Mice
Authors: Huda Sajer Nassir  , Zeyad Gattea Al-Rikabi  , Muntaha A. Al-Safar  , Zainab Talal Al-Berikdar
Published: November 2022

Bee venom (BV) therapy was used to treat various diseases. It is a tiny essential peptide with a powerful hemolytic feature composed of a known series of amino acids. Since melittin is a non-specific cy¦tolytic pe¦ptide attacking lip¦id m¦embranes which contribute to toxicity, it is suspected that it could have important therapeutic benefits. This study aims t¦o use a multi-biomarker approach to assess the cytogenotoxic ef¦fects o¦f melittin i¦n periph¦eral blo¦od lym¦phocytes of mice and th¦e mole¦cular mechan¦isms invol¦ved. Control and treatment groups are divided into one hundred and fifty mice. Bee venom has been combined with four separates dose of melittin in the peritoneal (500, 350, 300 and 250) μg/ml. The results of the experiment showed that significant difference in the first group which injected with melittin intra peritoneal 0.2 ml and the second group in mitotic index (MI), where the differences were respectively 8.00 ± 0.56 for the first group and the second group 6.90 ± 0.31. In the case of micro nuclei examination, we also showed significant differences in the third group, where the difference was 14.7 ± 0.29. In the case of micronuclei examination, also there were significant differences in the third group, where the difference was 14.7 ± 0.29.
Frequency of exofoliative toxine genes among staphylococcus aureus isolated from burn infection patients in the Specialized Centre for burns of Al – Diwaniyah city
Authors: Suaad Abid Fazaa ALmiyah
Published: November 2022

Background: Exfoliative toxins (ETs) of bacterium Staphylococcus aureus are the main cause of infections in skin burns. This research sought to determine the frequency of the eta(exofoliative toxine A) gene, etb(exofoliative toxine B) gene and etd(exofpliative toxine D) gene in the S. aureus..Methods: Between January 2021 and December 2021, 155 S. aureus isolates were gathered from burn sample patients at the Al-Diwaniyah Specialized Burns Center. The polymerase chain reaction was utilized to identify the eta gene , etb gene and etd gene found in the isolates after the species had been established using conventional diagnostic techniques.Results: Overall, Of the 155 isolates, 25(16.1%), 19(12.2 %) and 44(28.3 %) stated the eta gene, etb gene and etd gene, correspondingly. adding, 20(12.9%) isolates expressed both the eta gene and etd gene, and 16(10.3 %) isolates carrying the etb gene and etd gene, were the eta gene, etb gene and etd gene detected in 33(21.2) .Conclusion. Because it is likely that these genes will spread and move between strains, the discovery of the extraordinary prevalence of Exofoliative toxines genes in the present study is regarded as a thoughtful issue. Additionally, these community-wide spread isolates are crucial for maintaining good health.
Formulation, Development and Characterization of Microspheres of Calcium Channel Blocker
Authors: Rana Riyadh Al-ani  , H. N. K. AL-Saman
Published: November 2022

"AIM"- Using a new drug delivery technology, such as Nifedipine microspheres, this study sought to increase the solubility of a particular calcium channel blocker."MATERIAL & METHODS"- Quasi-emulsion diffusion is used to create floating microspheres of Nifedipine. A magnetic stirrer at 50 rpm is used at room temperature to dissolve the predetermined weighted amount of Nifedipine, ethylcellulose, "polyethylene oxide, and hydroxy propylmethyl cellulose (HPMC K15M)". Particle size, bulk density, compressibility index, and attitude of repose are used to describe the microsphere's "values beneficial in the prediction of Flowability." There has been careful pouring of the microspheres through the funnel until they are just touching the funnel's tip. "RESULTS & DISCUSSION"- The microsphere is previously arranged by removing water from the cavity of the microsphere and air drying it. In F3, F7, and F9, the percentage yield of microspheres rose with increasing ethyl cellulose concentration. The drug content was checked to ensure that the medication was uniformly placed in the microspheres during the microencapsulation method. However, mechanical factors cause the loss of the final product. Thus the procedure yield may not be 100 percent. The readings of θ varied from 25° to 29°, suggesting that the powder should have a satisfactory flow quality for the formulation. CONCLUSION- It is determined that all of the parameters for optimizing floating microspheres are found to be adequate. Evaluation of formulations' dependability under accelerated balancing situations.
Association of ANGPTL8 gene polymorphism with the occurrence of coronary artery disease in Iraqi patients
Authors: Entidhar Sahib Mohammed  , Abdulhussein A. Algenabi  , Hayder M.Abdulnabi  , Ban Dosh
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVE: It has been shown that ANGPTL8 controls the metabolism of fatty acids and triglycerides (TG). Reduced adipogenesis, which was defined by decreased TG, was linked to decreased ANGPTL8. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of ANGPTL8 gene polymorphism with the occurrence of coronary artery disease in Iraqi population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: two hundred coronary artery disease patients with >70 blockage coronary artery as well as to 200 apparently individuals who were diagnosed as negative findings by coronary angiography (Control group) were investigated for several biochemical parameters as well as genotyping for rs892066 and rs2278426 of ANGPTL8 gene SNPs by ARM-PCR technique. RESULTS: The examinations of rs892066 approved significant varaition after the adjustment for age and sex under the codominant model in heterozygous genotype, and under the dominant model the GG+CG genotype in patients group was be higher than of control group. The assessment of the minor allele frequency (G) approved the association of rs892066 in the occurrence of CAD. Along with the most recent outcomes, Multinominal logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the genotype and allele frequencies of the rs2278426 ANGPTL8 gene polymorphism in CAD and control individuals under the codominant, dominant, recessive, and overdominant models. The examinations failed to explore significant varaition after the adjustment for age, sex and BMI and smoking status. The assessment of the minor allel frequency (T) indicated that no association between presence minor allel frequency (T) in CAD patients and the control group. CONCLUSIONS: SNP rs892066 may play unique role in the occurrence of CAD while rs2278426 of ANGPTL8 genes are not associated with CAD in Iraqi patients.
Diabetes Mellitius Detection and Self Management based on Machine Learning
Authors: M. Ranjit Reddy , P. Lakshmi Sagar , Nazma Sultana Shaik
Published: November 2022

Diabetes Mellitus is considered to be a state evoked by unmonitored polygenic disorder which will cause various organs collapse in sufferers. An investigation of the identification, examination and autonomous methods of Diabetes Mellitus from six completely various sides viz. datasets of Diabetes Mellitus, preprocessing procedures, attribute extraction, machine learning based analysis, classifying and prediction of Diabetes Mellitus, and evaluating the results. Machine Learning Associate in Nursing computer science is advancing, which permits the first prediction and diagnosing the Diabetes Mellitus over an automatic method that is superior than a nonautomatic detection. There are various reports which are revealed on automated Diabetes Mellitus prediction, identification, examination and autonomous procedure through machine learning and artificial intelligence procedures and also three current analysis problems within the department of Diabetes Mellitus prediction are recorded. In this it provides the Diabetes Mellitus prediction procedures demonstrate importance to the research community utilized within a range of automated Diabetes Mellitus prediction and self supervision.
Index Glycemic and Haemoglobin In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Through A Combination Of Rice Red And Red Spinach
Authors: La Supu  , Merinta Sada  , Radeni Ramdani  , Yulia Rachmawati  , Alva Cherry Mustamu
Published: November 2022

Background and aim: Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest incidence of type 2 diabetes in the world. Management of diabetes in management of food that does not cause depression in patients and is rich in nutrients as a consequence of consumption drug routine is things to do searching for Street exit. Study this aim for With Thus, we explore the effect of rice red and spinach red in the form of cookies to index glycemic and haemoglobin levels.Methods: as many as 50 respondents diagnosed with type 2 DM with a history of more than two years registered in a quasi-experimental test pre-pest design with the control group in Sorong, West Papua. Cookies consisting of 200 grams of flour rice red mixed with 20 grams of flour spinach red were given for 30 days. Inspection Check blood sugar and haemoglobin levels Before and after the intervention. Data analysis used an independent sample t-test.Results: we found that occur drop index glycemic as big as 81.8 Mg/dl and increased haemoglobin by 1.161 g/dl in the group interventionConclusions: Rice red and spinach red in the form of cookies show benefit potential at index glycemic and haemoglobin levels among participants with diabetes mellitus type 2.
EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH EDUCATION IN COVID-19 PREVENTION FOR CHILDREN USING COMIC WITH CULTURAL CONTEXT MEDIA
Authors: Ariani Pongoh  , Via Dwi Lingga  , Fitra Duhita  , C. Situmorang  , Rizki Kamala  , Vera Iriani Abdullah  , Bahra
Published: November 2022

Introduction: COVID-19 was a new SARS variance identified in 2019 and declared the cause of the global pandemic in March 2020. Nowadays, the case has experienced a fluctuating case phase, along with the mutation of the SARS Cov-19 variant that has not stopped yet. Confirmation cases and deaths occur in various ages, including in children. Although the data on COVID-19 case in children is low, efforts to prevent the transmission of Covid-19 in children is needed.Objective: This study aims to identify the effect of health education efforts to prevent Covid-19 transmission through 3M (wearing a mask, washing hands and physical distancing) habituation which was carried out using comic media with a cultural context.Method: This study uses pre-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted to see the effect of providing education using culture-based comic media (independent variable) on elementary school students' attitudes in 3M practice (dependent variable). The population in this study were all students aged 10-12 years at MI Al-Kautsar Sorong, a total of 45 children. In this study, the sampling technique used is total sampling. The data were analysed with the Wilcoxon test.Result: The mean score post-test was significantly higher than the pre-test (pre-test 70,67; post-test 74,71; p-value 0,01). The difference score pre-test and post-test in categorical scoring showed significant differences; in the post-test group, as much as 46,67% (21 children) scored is good. Students' characteristic related to the post-test scores is age (p-value 0,001); the older children, the higher score they got.Conclusion: Comics with cultural context media can be considered alternative health promotion media for children.
Antibiotic prescription in Morocco, national data: Meta-analysis
Authors: Abduladeem G.M. Al-Selwi  , Amina Barkat
Published: November 2022

Antibiotics are the most prescribed medication and the misprescribing of antibiotics is a public health problem worldwide.Objective: Conduct a meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of antibiotic prescribing, assess the quality of prescribing and identify factors of inappropriate prescribing in Morocco.Materials and Methods: 92 articles found in databases (35, 42, 55 and 50, in Elsevier, PubMed, Google Scholar and Other engines respectively).Results: In studies carried out in 2009 and 2011, on the evaluation of the use of antibiotics by dermatologists we noticed that beta-lactams were the most commonly prescribed: 53%. A survey on the use of generic antibiotics or pediatric service used beta-lactam, 63%. The prescription of antibiotics in the department of burns and plastic surgery was 65%. These results are important to explain a resistance of betalactamins to different offences and the constitution of beta-lactamase should be searched. A study conducted in 2018 in Rabat, 90 physicians and surgeon’s specialists, 91.7% of them prescribed antibiotics. Through previous studies from 2014 to 2022, a children’s under 5 years of age with severe clinical pneumonia, 86.5% received antibiotics. In another study on the evaluation of antibiotic prescriptions in the emergency department, amoxicillin was used in 31.4%. Also in a study on the evaluation of antibiotic prescriptions in pediatric emergency departments, 3rd generation cephalosporins were used in 69% of cases. A study of antibiotic self-medication parents knew that antibiotics are subject to a prescription and 72.1% knew that antibiotics had side effects on children, and in this study amoxicillin was used the most at 46.6%, and it is one of the most widely used antibiotics in Morocco, despite the development of numerous resistances. In studies conducted in 2009, 2016, and 2017 on preventive antibiotic use is still prescribed (22%, 17.7% and 7.14%). Antibiotic prescriptions were not limited only to physicians, but studies indicated that 10.9% of them were prescribed by pharmacists and in 2022 the percentage increased to 42%.Conclusion: This meta-analysis on studies and research of antibiotic prescribing: national data in the last 13 years in Morocco, the deficiencies found in antibiotic prescribing require the establishment of national recommendations to reduce misprescribing.
SURFACE LIVER FAILURE IN SURGICALLY TREATED MECHANICAL JAUNDICE
Authors: Yuldoshev Azamjon Adhamovich  , Iriskulov Bakhtiyor Uktamovich  , Kadirov Shavkat Nomonovich  , Kadirov Muhammadsohib Shavkatovich
Published: November 2022

Principles of early diagnosis of liver failure and prevention of complications after surgical treatment of mechanical jaundice of various etiologies were studied.In this study, the anamnesis of 87 patients with mechanical jaundice treated surgically, the occurrence and duration of jaundice, the selection of surgical methods taking into account the concentration of bilirubin, and the principles of pharmacotherapy were improved.In addition to the measures taken for the treatment of the main disease in the patients, the patient's psychoemotional state and changes in the brain were determined by means of EEG and conditionally compared with the indicators obtained from healthy people in the control group.
Effect study's the role of serum vitamin D3 level in Hashimoto's thyroiditis disease
Authors: Lara Balasim Al-Dahy  , Maha Raad Hashim Al-Sammarraie  , Ammar Jawad Al Chaabawi
Published: November 2022

Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is classify within the autoimmune disease of thyroid gland caused by diffuse of special lymphocytes into thyroid, lymphocyte product's special antibody lead to destroy gland tissue . Vitamin D (vit.D) is steroid substance bind with special receptor to have it's functions .Vit.D3 has various function in human body such as non skeletal function of vit.D3 is gene regulation that involve in autoimmune disease.Materials and methods: Present study include collection involved tow groups , HT disease group and healthy individuals , then measured vit.D3 , T4, TSH and anti-TPO levels for all groups.Results: Study result's shown after comparison between HT patients group and control group the reduction of serum vit.D level at HT group with present hypofunction of thyroid gland .Conclustion : Concluded this study to must be serumvit.D3 level within normal rang due to vit.D3 has function to regulation genes that effect on autoimmune diseases such as HT via modulation of immune cells secretions that lead to thyroid cells destroy.
The total phenol, flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of Zehneria maysorensis stem and leaf extracts
Authors: Manju Madhavan  , Geethu Benny  , Manju C G  , Sheeja T Tharakan
Published: November 2022

Zehneria species have enormous ethno-botanical value and are used by different tribes for food as wild edible plants and treatment of various ailments. The present study was designed to carry out the preliminary phytochemical screening, total phenol, flavonoid quantification followed by an investigation of the in vitro antioxidant activities of Zehneria maysorensis. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of saponins, steroids, alkaloids, phenols and tannins. Ethanol extracts of stem and leaf showed maximum phenol and flavonoid content. The extract also confirmed DPPH radical scavenging activity. A marked dose dependent antioxidant activity was observed in the trials.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF LACTOBACTERIA AGAINST OPPORTUNITICAL MICROORGANISMS OF THE ORAL CAVITY
Authors: Amirsaidova Dildora Aminzhanovna  , Bekmurodova Gullola Amirovna  , Elova Nilufar Arashevna  , Miralimova Shahlo Mirzhamalovna  , Mamatraimova Shakhnoza Mamarazhabovna
Published: November 2022

The data on a comparative study of the antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from the oral cavity of healthy people and lactobacilli strains isolated from various ecological niches are given in this article. Strains with high antagonistic activity against isolates of opportunistic microorganisms isolated in acute tonsillitis were selected. Their probiotic properties, such as sensitivity to antibiotics, adhesiveness and resistance to high salt content, have been studied.
The Psychological Distress among Youth in Conflict Zone A Case Study of Kashmir Valley, India
Authors: Suriya Hamid  , Tooba Farooq Bhat
Published: November 2022

Mental, physical and social health are vital strands of life that are closely interwoven and deeply interdependent. Depression is more likely following particular classes of experience – those involving conflict, disruption, losses and experiences of humiliation or entrapment. The World Health Organization has ranked depression as the fourth among the list of the most urgent health problems worldwide and has predicted it to become number two in terms of disease burden by 2020 overriding diabetes, cancer, arthritis etc. The magnitude, suffering and burden in terms of disability and costs for individuals, families and societies are staggering. Mental disorders are universal, affecting people of all countries and societies, individuals at all ages, women and men, the rich and the poor, from urban and rural environments. Mental functioning is fundamentally interconnected with physical and social functioning and health outcomes. Mental health is influenced by displacement through conflict and war, by stresses on families, and by economic adversity.
PROGRESSIVE FAILURE AFTER GASTRIC AND DUDEON RESECTION
Authors: Iminov Behzodbek Makhamatibrokhimovich  , Irisqulov Bakhtiyor Uktamovich  , Qodirov Shavkat Nomonovich
Published: November 2022

The scientific literature reviews on the origin of anemia and the development of anemia after gastric and duodenal resection, the state of advanced hyperchromic anemia, both experimental and clinical observations on the possibility of developing forms of anemia are given in this article.
THE EFFECT OF GIVING PLANTAIN PEEL EXTRACT (Musa paradisiaca) ON MALONDIALDEHYDE LEVELS IN WISTAR RATS EXPOSED TO FILTER CIGARETTE SMOKE
Authors: Satria Damarjati  , Lusiana Batubara  , Puspita Kusuma Dewi  , Amallia Nuggetsiana Setyawati
Published: November 2022

Background: Free radicals from filter cigarettes can contribute to the body's oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde is a substance that the body produces in response to oxidative stress. Antioxidants found in plantain peel extract can be used to counteract oxidative damage.Aim: This study sought to determine whether Wistar rats exposed to filtered cigarette smoke could have their MDA levels reduced by a plantain peel extract.Methods: On Wistar rats, this study used an actual experimental design with a post-test-only control group. Twenty-eight rats from the research sample were split into 4 separate groups. K+ received exposure to cigarette smoke, P1 received exposure to cigarette smoke and extracted at a dose of 200mg/kg BW, and P2 received exposure to cigarette smoke and extracted at a dose of 400mg/kg BW. K- serves as the negative control. K+ received exposure to cigarette smoke. The retroorbital plexus vein was used to draw blood from the dead rats afterward. MDA levels in the plasma were measured using the TBARS technique.Results: The average output of MDA levels in the K1, K2, P1, and P2 groups was 1.695 ppm, 2.430 ppm, 1.791 ppm, and 3.115 ppm, respectively. The K- and K+ groups showed a significant difference in the Mann-Whitney test (p=0.037), as did the K+ and P1 group (p=0.010), K+ and P2 group (p=0.025), and P1 and P2 group (p=0.004).Conclusion: MDA levels in Wistar rats exposed to filter cigarette smoke could be decreased by administering plantain peel extract.
Gel Formulation Test of Gotu Kola Leaf Extract (Centella Asiatica) 15% For Handling Striae Gravidarum
Authors: Vera Iriani Abdullah  , Siti Rusyanti  , Sumarni  , Nuur Octascriptiriani Rosdianto  , Erlina Ilyas  , Fatiyani.M. Nur  , Dita Eka Mardiani
Published: November 2022

Hormonal changes during pregnancy will impact the skin so that the skin of pregnant women will be vulnerable and at significant risk for striae gravidarum in several areas of the body, including the abdomen, breasts, calves, and thighs. This will impact the quality of life, the incidence of pelvic organ prolapses, and rupture of the perineum due to a lack of collagen in the body. Techniques for treating striae gravidarum have been developed in several methods, including micro-needling and fractional CO2 laser, vitamin C, the use of 0.1% tretinoin cream to the use of frequency radio microneedle (FMR). This treatment aims to help increase, maintain and stabilize collagen in the skin. Gotu kola leaf (Centella Asiatica) is one of the plants that can stimulate the production of collagen I and moisturize the skin because it contains compounds such as saponins, asiaticoside, Asiatic acid, madecassoside, and triterpenes. This plant is also anti-infectious, anti-leprosy, anti-syphilis, and skin cell revitalization. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of a gel based on Gotu kola leaf with a concentration of 15% for treating striae gravidarum. This research method is quasi-experimental with a one-group pre-test post-test design. The population and research sample consisted of 3 respondents; each respondent was assessed in 4 areas: the breast, abdomen, thigh, and calf. The results show that because the significance level is more significant than α (0.130 > 0.05), there is not enough reason to accept H0, and we also get the difference between the average value before and after being given a 15% concentration, which is 1.5, which means the average decreases. Conclusion Gel preparations of Gotu kola leaf extract (Centella Asiatica) with a concentration of 15% are effective in treating striae gravidarum degrees 1,2, and 3.
Endoscopic Findings in Patient with Dyspepsia in Al- Ramadi General Hospital
Authors: Abdulrahman Salim Mahdi  , Sundus Hatem Tahseen
Published: November 2022

This study including upper gastro - intestinal endoscopic findings of 1998 patients complaining from dyspepsia, 803 (40%) of them were found to have normal endoscopic findings and 1195 (60%) found to have upper gastro - intestinal abnormalities. Duodenal ulcer represents the highest frequency (24%) of these abnormalities followed by gastritis (13%), duodenitis (7%), gastro duodenitis (4.4%), hiatus hernia & prolapse gastropathy (3.9%), reflux esophagitis (3.1%), gastric tumor (1.7%), gastric ulcer (1.3%), gastric outlet obstruction (1.2%) while tumor of esophagus found to be the lowest value (0.4%).Of the all examined cases as well as cases with abnormal endoscopy (1195 case), the highest number of referred cases were from the age group 21-30year, and the lowest was from the age group 81-90years. Also, we found that when the age is more than 60years of age, more than 79% of their endoscopic findings were abnormal.There were no significant sex differences among all studied cases except for tumor of esophagus and hiatus hernia as showed male predominance.
Adult Favism in Al-Ramadi City
Authors: Sundus Hatem Tahseen  , Abdulrahman Salim Mahdi
Published: November 2022

Objectives: to examine the methods used to diagnose favism at Al-Rammadi Pediatric Hospital in adult patients who have a history of the condition.Patients and method: The investigation was conducted from January 1 to December 31, 2021. The group was then divided into two. Throughout the course of the trial, group 1 participants were all patients who were admitted to a pediatric hospital and diagnosed with favism. Any patients with a protracted history of favism who were met in routine medical practice throughout the trial period and gave his consent were also added to group 2 if they chose to participate.Results: A total of 41 patients were present; group 1 consisted of 20 men and 5 women, whereas group 2 consisted of 16 patients (13 men and 3 women). Group 1's diagnosis of favism was primarily clinical in the absence of sufficient test evidence. Of them, 11 had relatives who had suffered from favism, and four of them had alarmingly lengthy histories of the illness. One patient in group 2 had a potentially dangerous past history of favism, six had a family history of the disease, ten had a G6PD test completed, and seven of them had the disease confirmed. The ingestion of fava beans was resumed in the 14 patients who were left for a variety of reasons after Favism. Every instance in both groups occurred between the end of February to the end of April.
Black seed (Nigella sativa) as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis Clinical trial
Authors: Shamil Nasih Lateef  , Kawa Fariq Dizaye
Published: November 2022

Aim and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of black seed oil on clinical symptoms and inflammatory biomarkers as an adjuvant therapy on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients taking disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs).Materials and Methods: Twenty-five RA patients were enrolled, and each received one capsule of 1000 mg black seed oil daily as adjuvant therapy with DMARDs for eight weeks. Disease activity score for 28 joints (DAS28), visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10), white blood cells (WBCs), renal function and liver function tests were assessed at baseline and at the end of the trial.Results: the results show a significant decrease in the DAS28 score and the VAS for pain in RA patients. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and a number of WBCs were decreased significantly while the increment of serum levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was statistically non-significant. No significant changes occurred in the levels of urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT).Conclusion: black seed oil as an add-on therapy induced a significant improvement in clinical symptoms and inflammation of RA.
Atypical dyspnea presentation among adult population in Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Sheerwan Bahaa Assim  , Haider Kadhem Saeed  , Ammar Salih Abbood
Published: November 2022

Background: the presentation of shortness of breath is very common, and the differential diagnosis is so versatile that required great attention and out of box thinking to reach the final diagnosis which help to alleviate patients’ complains and improve their quality of life.Objective: evaluation of another differential diagnosis for patients with multiple, atypical dyspnea presentation at cardiology unit in Alsadar Teaching Hospital, Basrah, Iraq.Materials and Method: Fifty-eight patients have atypical dyspnea presentation enrolled in this study for the period from July 2020 tell August 2022. Cardiac and pulmonary causes were excluded by cardiologist prior to otorhinolaryngological evaluation for upper airway causes of dyspnea.Results: 58 adult patients enrolled in this study. The age range was 19 – 68 years with mean of 41.64 ± 12.67 years. The majority of the studied patients were in the 3rd and 4th decade of life (55.2%). Most of those patients had nasal pathology causing moderate to severe upper airway obstruction (63.8%). The majority of those patients report great improvement in their quality of life after intervention either medically, surgically or combination of both (88%).Conclusion: atypical dyspnea presentation in adults is challenging due to different pathology and systems involved. Upper airway causes of this presentation can be solved with great improvement in the patients’ quality of life.
An Overview of Systematic Review on Cupping Therapy: Case Study of Hypertension
Authors: Apriza  , Marlina Andriani  , Carles  , Tatik Trisnowati  , Zainab Mohd Shafie
Published: November 2022

Efforts to reduce the prevalence of hypertension, several attempts have been undertaken, one of which is cupping therapy, both wet and dry cupping. Cupping was aimed to remove blood which brings about a detrimental effect on the body and eventually shows potential cause of harm from common symptoms to those which will likely decrease health. The aim of this article was to prove that cupping became an alternative in reducing the prevalence of hypertension. The method used was a systematic review by conducting several selections until 23 articles were selected. The results obtained from the selected articles were using wet cupping (12 articles), 9 articles for cupping and 1 article did both. Hijamah cupping therapy or wet cupping provides a great opportunity as a medical treatment for better blood pressure. Therefore, effective wet cupping will likely develop baroreceptor sensitivity for lower blood pressure for elderly patients of hypertension up to 4 weeks, without serious side effects. There are articles that use participants under the age of 20 years, this indicates that this hypertension has attacked at the ages before productive, namely under 20 years.
HYBRID FIREFLY META OPTIMIZATION FOR BIO MEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING USING DEEP LEARNING
Authors: P. Dhivya  , T. Kumaresan  , P. Subramanian  , K. Gunasekaran  , G. Sathish Kumar
Published: November 2022

Signal and image processing is a part of biomedical science. In that, Biomedical image processing have a great value such as recognition, segmentation and classification for disease diagnosis. In one part of biomedical science, brain tumor classification is considered with Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) images using state of art models. Initially, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Fast Convolutional Neural Network (FCNN), U-Net and M-Net model was considered for classification. Further, the Hybrid Firefly Meta Optimization (HFMO) is proposed for the better prediction purpose. The proposed work has three phases like normalization with augmentation, deep attention segmentation and classification. In the first phase, data augmentation is applied to increase the scope of the dataset. In the second phase, a deep attention technique is applied to concentrate on hotspot in the image during segmentation. Finally, a hybrid firefly optimization is applied to enhance the performance of the model in convolution neural network by backtracking the process. The measuring parameters like Dice coefficient, Jaccard index, Positive Projected Value (PPV), True Positive Rate and False Positive Rate were evaluated. The comparative analysis of various state of art models with proposed classifier were demonstrated. Thus the proposed technique produces the training accuracy as 98.62%, testing accuracy as 95.31 % and 1 % of loss.