bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two Cases of Recurred Vertigo Following Perilymphatic Oval Window Fistula Repair
Authors: Kim Hack Jung , Chung Won-Ho
Published: November 2020

The traumatic perilymphatic fistula (PLF) can cause hearing loss and disabling dizziness. These symptoms can be recovered spontaneously or by surgical repair. However, even after surgical PLF repair, patients may suffer from recurrent vestibular symptoms. The mechanism of recurrent symptoms is not clear. We experienced two patients who complained of recurrent vertigo long after surgical PLF repair. Both patients had severe sensorineural hearing loss and vestibular loss after head trauma. In both cases, after surgical repair, dizziness was completely subsided. However, several years later, the disabling vertigo recurred in both cases. The symptoms aggravated when position was changed. On the fistula test, the patients showed positive results. Surgical findings showed a fibrous band connection between the stapes and the tympanic membrane. After stapedectomy, the symptoms subsided. We discuss the two cases in regards to the possible mechanism of recurrent vertigo after surgical PLF repair.
E- Learning Experiences from the Arab World
Authors: Traifeh Hanadi , Bin Tareaf Raad , Meinel Christoph
Published: November 2020

Although most Arab countries offer free public education, the majority of their educational systems do not prepare students for the labour market or equip them with the skills needed to compete in today’s global society. Teaching methods and techniques do not encourage critical and analytical thinking, and are still teacher-centred instead of being designed with intentional focus on students and learners. E-learning technologies have the potential to address most of these challenges. For example, digital technologies can make education more efficient, scalable and accessible. And with the wide spread of the internet in the region, an increased adoption of e-learning has been witnessed among Arab students and life-long learners. To assess the current state of the e-learning sphere in the Arab world, we conducted a survey to learn more about the digital learning experiences of Arab students. In this paper, we report our findings. Most of the 200 participants who responded to our survey hold a bachelor degree and higher, and claimed to spend more than 4 hours online. However, only 19.5% of all participants have enrolled in an Arabic e-learning program or MOOC, and 70% still prefer to take their courses in English. We also assess the different factors Arab learners take into consideration when joining an online course, and also explore the reasons that lead 80% of participants not to join any online courses. Our observations show that adoption of digital learning in the Arab world is very low but has significant potential for growth. The paper concludes with recommendations on how to spread digital learning in the region.
A Clinical Study to Address the Negative Impacts of Exposure to Violence on Adolescents with Disabilities
Authors: Helmy Elshemy Radwa Atef
Published: November 2020

Using case studies and interviews, this study investigated the negative effects of violence against disabled individuals. Twenty girls who were visually and physically disabled completed a questionnaire designed to investigate the consequences that resulted from exposure to violence. The research was conducted in June 2019. The study participants were visually and physically disabled girls who had been exposed to violence. The participants were from the “Alaml Institute” in Misr Elgdida area, Cairo, Egypt. The two participants studied in this paper were deliberately chosen because their previous exposure to violence has resulted in behavioral and psychological disorders. The researcher pursued a clinical approach to study each individual’s personality in-depth. The results revealed that the most harmful effects and psychological problems resulting from exposure to violence were social withdrawal, aggression, tension, anxiety, bitterness, and hatred. The researcher recommends that psychological support, including counseling and psychotherapy, be offered to disabled girls who are exposed to external aggression. Furthermore, there is a need for reinforcing the psychological culture among adolescents, especially the psychology of adolescent girls with disabilities.
Effectiveness of The Feedback-Dialogue in Hybrid University Courses
Authors: Josée Goulet Marie
Published: November 2020

Feedback is one of the key factors in students’ success (Hattie and Timperley, 2007). It is essential in order for them to maintain or increase their level of competence (Brookhart, 2010). But do students understand the feedback provided by their teachers? Does feedback allow students to learn and to improve their work? For the purpose of augmenting feedback effectiveness in our hybrid writing courses at the university, we created the feedback-dialogue, a method consisting in interacting with the student within its text, using the comment function of the word processor. Unlike traditional feedback, the feedback-dialogue is bi-directional, i.e. the student must not only revise its text but also respond to the teacher’s comments. To measure the effectiveness of the feedback-dialogue, we designed a two-step methodology. First, students’ perceptions of the effectiveness of feedback-dialogue were collected in a self-reported questionnaire. The items in the questionnaire were formulated from an analysis of different typologies in relevant studies (Anson, 2015; Grigoryan, 2017; Mauri et al., 2016). Second, the students’ responses to their teacher’s comments were analyzed, as well as the modifications they made during the revision of their texts.
“Puppetry and Opera Are Striking.” Students’ Experiences of Collaboration and Curiosity in Puppetry Opera as a Case Study
Authors: Pirjo Suvilehto
Published: November 2020

This paper will focus on the possibilities of puppetry and opera in early childhood education studies (ECE), and among children in day care in a class of twenty 4−5-year-olds. The research centres around 200 university students in the middle of a project on opera and puppetry in their ECE programme. Opera is about strong emotions (see Trevarthen 2012, 263), and puppetry is a vehicle to make feelings visible (Lintunen, 2009, Majaron 2012, 11, Scheel, 2012). Puppetry and opera can be used in collaboration, and they are combined in this ECE programme as a part of the university studies in drama and literary arts. A method called Pritney has been created to realize the project. The theoretical background consists of puppetry and literary arts. The paper will present some findings from cases in which puppetry and opera have been used experimentally with ECE students, and subsequently with kindergarten children. There is a need for collaborative encounters during the processes of puppetry and opera. Based on the observations and remarks of university students doing their puppetry and opera project, this paper considers the value of conveying puppetry and opera to a child audience as a stimulation for curiosity and emotions. All this reflection is followed by the examples of practice in ECE studies. Performing opera with puppets is beneficial. In summary, the artistic experiments created by puppetry and opera are valuable in transferring cultural heritage and creating aesthetic and pedagogical moments. There is also a short consideration of a project called “Rinnalla−Hand in Hand” (2018−2020) funded by Finnish ministry of education, in which the Pritney method is further developed (see also Suvilehto 2019).
Globalization and Engineering Education: The Pendulum Has Swung Again
Authors: Tsakalerou Mariza
Published: November 2020

World-wide trade is transforming critically the production and distribution of goods and services and changing fundamentally the engineering profession. As critical technological skills migrate abroad, the competitiveness of nations is impacted severely and fundamental social and economic patterns are disrupted. Globalization has changed the nature, organization and location of engineering and research and development and necessitated significant changes in engineering education. Modern engineering curricula are expected to promote innovative thinking and to develop the interdisciplinary skills needed to become a successful practitioner in a global context. Dedicated courses on Globalization and Engineering are often part of an array of advanced course reinforcing the issues, concepts and methodologies shaping engineering in a world increasingly without borders. Currently, there are growing concerns about the impact of globalization on the maintenance of critical technological skills and research capacity within the context of the enterprise or the national interest. The uncertainty surrounding the changes advanced by globalization has led to spirited debates in many companies, regions and countries regarding the way globalization forces impact the competitive environment. Free trade has come under attack worldwide, after years of discounting the possibility of significant losses from its advance. The backlash against globalization and the emerging trade wars are again re-shaping engineering education. In a world becoming rapidly compartmentalized, engineering education is asked to address the needs of the increasingly national enterprise. It is imperative that the learning outcomes that have enriched engineering curricula in the last decade should not disappear with the receding popularity of globalization.
Second Language Education in the Early Years:Implications on Literacy Learning
Authors: Charles Manon Boutin
Published: November 2020

Learning a foreign language is not merely about learning its words and its grammar but is also learning about concepts, intellectual skills and such (Cummins, 2000: 18-19) that l that are usable skills in the first language. Many authors seem to think that this is mostly related to metalinguistic abilities (Bialystok, 2001; Garfinkel et Tabor, 1991; and others, see Gaonac’h: 2006). These skills, during early childhood, seem to be closely linked to later literacy competences, including reading and writing. Indeed, Cummins explains through his CUP theory that these skills are “linked and interdependent” (2001: 18) for additive bilingual subjects, who have a high proficiency in both of their languages. As these researchers worked mostly on balanced bilingualism in children, we are wondering if these advantages could also be seen on monolingual children who learn a second language at school in the pre-literacy years. If this was the case, how would the second-language learning influence and help develop first-language abilities and literacy? Would it be possible to easily develop a method for children in all types of schools, without the g generally high costs (financial and human) of a bilingual education? The aim of this presentation is to explore how this could be effective and if it is, how we could apply this easily in any setting. It uses a c ase-study currently taking place in Paris, France, following 38 French-speaking children during two years from age 5 to age 7.
Using Distant Learning Platform for Musical Instrument Instructor Training
Authors: Evrim Tunca Ozan
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the productivity of distant instructor training program for musical instrument education. Music education, especially on playing musical instruments, has been one of the major topics of general education. Today, formal musical instrument education is available in conservatories and music departments of fine arts and education colleges, and informal or non-formal musical instrument education is available in private music schools and courses in Turkey. Recorder or melodica is taught in public schools as part of the general music education. There are number of different platforms to teach musical instruments where there is need to train teachers to do that in the needed quality. There are various applications of online teacher training for instrument education. For example, Northwestern University and University of North Carolina have been offering courses over Coursera (a major MOOCs provider), such as Teaching Violin and Viola, Fundamentals of Rehearsing Music Ensembles. Different from our program they do not provide direct contact with the instructor for feedback. A group of well-experienced instructor trainers of the Anadolu University including myself established a distant instructor-training program for musical instruments. This paper will explain and explore the stages of the program’s creation and its effectiveness.
School Principals as Jugglers
Authors: Pavicic Jurica
Published: November 2020

At daily basis school principals need to balance between needs and wishes of different stakeholders. As the most important stakeholder stands out pupils from which is expected to perform at high level all the time. Another very important stakeholders are teachers which (often) are not motivated enough (financially, emotionally, socially) to give the best in the classrooms. Also, there are parents which expect that their children are exposed to best knowledge; government who expect that school system in general is at internationally competitive level; and also, companies who wishes to have people / labor force who know what to do when faced with problems. To be able to satisfied all parties involved, school principals need to juggle between them and at the same time ensure that school, as an organization, is function immaculately. Our paper focus on school principals and how marketing and management knowledge can help in juggling between the stakeholders. Context of our paper is Croatia – country that had good primary and secondary school systems but by entering EU and exposing to different kind of practice and demands, needed to adopt them. In that new environment business, and especially marketing and management knowledge, become crucial for school principals.
Response and Non-response to Intervention for Reading Difficulties: What Role do Cognitive Correlates Play?
Authors: Habib Mohamed Malikka Begum Binte
Published: November 2020

Grade 1 responders and non-responders to an iPad-based reading intervention were evaluated on their cognitive attributes. Cognitive measures included phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming, verbal memory and statistical learning, which were correlated with a lack of response to reading interventions in previous studies (Al Otaiba & Fuchs, 2006). The overall research question was whether and which of the cognitive variables could differentiate treatment responders versus non-responders, since this would provide valuable information in predicting which children may be better served by different types of intervention. The intervention study was conducted as a randomized controlled design, wherein 147 children (Mage = 6.75) who were identified as at risk for reading difficulties at primary school entry were allocated to either phonics or word reading based interventions. Responders included children who attained criterion-referenced word reading and fluency and decoding accuracy and fluency scores (e.g., above grade equivalent scores or above a mean of typically developing peers), whereas nonresponders did not attain age-based scores at post-intervention compared with their preintervention scores. Four separate MANCOVA analyses were conducted to determine if nonresponders differed from their peers on any of the cognitive measures. The two groups differed only on the fluency outcomes. On the reading fluency task, non-responders varied from the other groups on their phonological awareness and verbal memory scores. For decoding fluency outcomes, responders and non-responders differed only on rapid automatized naming. Altogether, these findings do suggest differences between the groups, suggesting implications of building on cognitive skills together with language skills for children with reading difficulties.
Remote Controlled Hybrid Educational Platform: Case Study
Authors: Abouhilal Abdelmoula , Moulay Taj Amine , Tafi Naîma , Malaoui Abdessamad
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a remote controlled educational system. This system consists of two subsystems: a videoconference subsystem to present the theoretical part of the course and a practical subsystem to show students the manipulations in real time. The videoconferencing part is based on the open-source tool BigBlueButton, while the second part is based on embedded electronics. A detailed description of the merger of the two systems is presented in this work.
Qigong Therapy and Low Back Pain Syndrome in Adults a Narrative Review
Authors: Shosha Mohammed
Published: November 2020

Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder bothering many people in daily life. Qigong as a part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is considered to be an effective therapy method in promoting health and reduce back pain in adults. Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to review and analyze the existing data about Qigong exercise and its possible effects as alternative medicine on pain and back problems in individuals with low back pain. Methods: Potentially related articles were narratively retrieved from the electronic databases PubMed and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDRO). The search period was from January 2015 to August 2019 (01.01.2015 to 31.08.2019) and the keywords included the terms “Low back pain “and “Qigong”. Results: The main results of this study suggest the potential use of Qigong as a meditative easy movement may improve back function, range of motion and core muscle strength, it may also reduce the pain intensity and considered as a good strategy for pain management. This review might lend insight into more future studies on Qigong and its application in the treatment and prevention of low back pain. However, further experimental research is still needed.
A computer mediated training program to reduce children’s math anxiety
Authors: Buta Monica , Cheie Lavinia , Visu-Petra Laura
Published: November 2020

Mathematics anxiety is widespread among children, interfering with their ability to solve math problems in academic and every-day situations. This has detrimental, long term effects on academic achievement, engagement in STEM-related careers and employability. While a number of apps and programs have been created to improve children’s mathematical competence, they were mostly created for commercial purposes, lacking scientific validity and being prone to inaccuracies. Therefore, we designed an evidence-based, adaptive training program (Math-trolls) in order to investigate how computer mediated tutoring might reduce math anxiety. Math-trolls is an interactive online computer game designed so that children successively discover 7 planets following an intense cognitive tutoring program. With the help of a tutor, the game helps children make meaning in math, improving number sense. The space exploration theme is engaging and child-friendly, employed to reduce children’s anxiety. We conducted a pilot study on 60 primary-school children, who completed the Math-trolls game in 8 sessions. We also measured children’s math anxiety and math performance pre- and post- computerized tutoring. Preliminary results of this pilot study suggest that Math-trolls, a computer mediated training program, is efficient in decreasing young children’s math anxiety, also improving number sense and math performance. This offers valuable insights regarding the natural progression of the interrelationships between math anxiety and math performance. The program has the potential to become a valuable tool to be used within the classroom by educators, within the family by parents or by children themselves.
Investigation of The Continuity of Training and Mental Health of Athletes During Social Isolation In The Covid-19 Outbreak
Authors: Kaya Ciddi Pınar , Yazgan Elif Aleyna
Published: November 2020

Purpose: Social distance and isolation measures have been taken to minimize the spread rate of COVID-19, and within these measures, all sports leagues and tournaments have been suspended or canceled. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the training continuity and mental health of athletes during the COVID-19 isolation process and to determine whether they are physically and mentally ready for the next season competitions. Methods: 89 athletes, 17.7 ± 2.72 years old, belonging to different sports branches were included in the study. The training time and mental health of the athletes before and after isolation were questioned through the online questionnaire platform. Results: It was observed that most of the athletes had a decrease in the training time compared to before isolation. When the CES-D scale scores measuring the depression level were examined, the scores of the athletes who thought that their sports performance decreased during the isolation process and were not ready to return to the matches were higher than the individuals who did not think (p<0.01). When Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale measuring the level of anxiety and CES-D scores were examined, the scores of the individuals who were worried about the decrease in their performance in case of COVID-19 infection and who needed psychological support before returning to the competitions were higher than the other individuals (p<0.01). Conclusions: The results showed that athletes needed physical and psychological support by sports professionals, both during the isolation process and before returning to sports competitions.
Subhî Fahmâvî’nin Romanlarında Kur’an Kıssaları
Authors: DEDE Mazhar
Published: November 2020

Subhî Fahmâvî (صبحي فحماوي) (1948-…), Filistin asıllı Ürdün vatandaşı bir yazardır. Peyzaj mühendisi olan Fahmâvi, öykü, kısa hikâye, tiyatro gibi edebî türlerde çeşitli eserler kaleme almıştır. Özellikle yazdığı ondan fazla romanla ismini duyuran yazar, sahip olduğu dil ve üslûbuyla da dikkat çekmektedir. Fahmâvî, romanlarında şiir ve nesir türünün birçok alanından geniş ölçüde yararlanmaktadır. Yazarın yararlandığı bu metinler, olaylar arasında birer bağlantı aracı olmaktan ziyade, olay kurgusunun inşasında temel rol oynayan bir konumdadır. Fahmâvî’nin olay örgüsünü kurgularken çokça istifade ettiği metinlerden biri de Kur’an kıssalarıdır. Yazar, romanlarında özellikle tarihsel ve dramatik kıssaları tercih etmektedir. Hz. Âdem’in yaratılışı, Hz. Âdem ile Havvâ, Hz. Nûh ve tufan, Hz. İbrahim, Hâcer ve Hz. İsmail, Hz. Yusuf ve Züleyha, Hz. Lût ile kavmi ve Ashâb-ı Kehf kıssaları romanlarda yoğun olarak işlenen kıssalardandır. Yazar, bazen kıssaları Kur’an’da geçtiği şekliyle ele alırken bazen de kıssanın bazı yönlerini değiştirdikten sonra metin inşasına dahil etmektedir. Söz konusu bu değişiklik kıssada geçen şahıs ismi veya kıssada geçen bir varlık olabilmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı, Subhî Fahmâvî’nin Hurmetân ve mahrem, ‘Alâ Babi’l-Hevâ, Kıssatu ‘işki Ken‘âniyye ve el-Ermeletu’s-Sevdâ adlı romanlarında istifade ettiği Kur’an kıssalarını tespit etmek ve bu kıssaların anlatım aracı olarak roman kurgusuna yaptığı katkıyı saptamaktır. Yazarın roman kurgusunda, Kur’an kıssalarının üstlendiği rolü irdelemek ve bunları Kur’an’da anlatılan kıssalarla mukayese etmek yazarın sahip olduğu anlatım üslûbunu ortaya koymak açısından oldukça önemlidir.
Aplikasi blood smart: media pembelajaran biologi berbasis android di era revolusi industri 4.0
Authors: Asikin Nurul , Nevrita Nevrita , Noni Wihelmina
Published: November 2020

The learning media based on android for biology have not been used optimally in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. The research objective was to determine the feasibility of blood smart applications as a learning media based on android for biology in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. The type of research used is research and development with the Thiagarajan Four-D model which includes define, design, and develop. The research instrument used a material expert questionnaire, media expert, teacher practicality questionnaire, and student practicality questionnaire given to 30 students. The research data is qualitative in the form of suggestions and comments from experts and teachers which are analyzed descriptively, while quantitative data is processed into interval data using a Likert scale. The results showed that the blood smart application was declared valid in the media aspect (95.2%), the material aspect (87.5%). The practicality of the blood smart application by the teacher was 95% (very practical criteria), and the practicality by students was 91.8% (very practical criteria). Thus, the blood smart application is suitable for use as a learning media based on android for biology in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0.
LOTS dan HOTS tentang tanaman obat: pembelajaran sains dan lingkungan saat new normal COVID-19
Authors: Ichsan Ilmi Zajuli , Sigit Diana Vivanti , Ristanto Rizhal Hendi , Luthfi Ilena Amalia , Muharomah Dewi Robiatun , Efendi Muhammad , Panjaitan Ruqiah Ganda Putri , Marhento Giry , Widiyawati Yeni , Susilo Susilo
Published: November 2020

Medicinal plants were contextual to study during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this study was to measure Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS) and Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) of medicinal plants and analyze the relevance of science learning during new normal COVID-19. The research method used descriptive quantitative with survey techniques carried out in 2019 and 2020. The instrument used 12 items test questions with a sample of 104 vocational students. The results showed that the students' LOTS of scores were higher (2.32) than students’ HOTS (1.69). The analysis showed that the topic of medicinal plants and the relevant environment during the new normal period of COVID-19. The conclusion from this study that the LOTS score was higher than HOTS and knowledge of medicinal plants became relevant during the new normal COVID-19.
An emerging solar photovoltaic technology poised to revolutionise energy generation
Authors: Stranks Sam
Published: November 2020

Imagine a world with cheap, abundant solar power; where we roll off spools of inexpensive and even coloured, high-performance solar panels like newsprint. Such prospects would drive expansive carbon-free electrification, which is necessary for achieving critical emission targets. High-performance, lightweight and flexible solar panels will also enable new solutions to power electric vehicles, aerial communication vehicles and satellites. Moreover, these innovations would enable electricity to reach the 1.3 billion people around the world who currently cannot access such resources. Our current solar PV technologies won't lead us to this transformed energy future: we will soon hit efficiency and cost limits. This talk will cover how a recently discovered family of halide perovskite materials has the potential to realize this exciting future. Sunlight-to-electricity power-conversion efficiencies of perovskite solar cells have moved from 3% in 2012 to >25% in 2020, rivalling the market-leading silicon solar panels that we see on rooftops (26%).
Challenges and opportunities from increasing renewable generation in the Indian Power System
Authors: Debnath Ramit
Published: November 2020

About 70% of India’s current energy mix comprises coal, and the increase in generation from renewable (RE) sources is affecting the health of the power system. We investigated this effect through the lens of asset utilisation, cost and the social disruption caused by accelerating RE into the Indian Power System. Our analysis revealed that increasing RE generation is pushing the coal plants to operate in low-loading conditions, causing heightened wear and tear of the plant. The novel analysis of social disruption due to market parity between RES and coal-based generation presented a holistic view of the political economy of Indian Power System. Transition from coal to RE may have extended socio-political ramifications. Policy implications outlined by our study for the draft Electricity (Amendment) Bill 2020 include scoping a socio-technical framework which supports just energy transition through better financial support mechanisms for flexible operation of coal plants.
Next Generation pH Sensors
Authors: Lawrence Nathan
Published: November 2020

Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, the ocean has become increasingly acidic due to uptake of atmospheric CO2. There is an urgent need for in situ pH measurements to provide a high spatial and temporal resolution. However, today’s ship-based measurements cannot achieve this. While the introduction of intelligent and low-cost autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) provide the platform to obtain the data, the development of small, reliable pH sensors for deployment on these smaller AUV’s lags behind. ANB Sensors Ltd have identified and filed patents for a disruptive, enabling technology which allows for pH measurement in demanding aqueous media. ANB is running an INNOVATE UK funded project to translate its sensing technology into a system suitable for AUV deployment. This presentation highlights the solid state chemistry behind the concept, details results from recent field trials, and shows how the sensing technology is being adapted to AUV systems for trials.
Monetizing Amateurs. Artistic Critique, New Online Record Production and Neoliberal Conjuncture
Authors: Kaitajärvi-Tiekso Juho Tuomas
Published: November 2020

This article examines the “new amateur music economy” as an emerging academic discourse. This represents amateur musicians and producers—with access to new digital production and communication tools—as entrepreneurial, aspiring professionals. The article then connects the discourse with its political, economic, and social context—or the neoliberal conjuncture. From the critical standpoint of conjunctural analysis it takes note of the albeit uneven nature of this neoliberalisation when it comes to the case of “independent micro-labels” in Finland who are seen to be maintaining the artistic critique of capitalism, as outlined by Luc Boltanski and Eve Chiapello. While the latter suggest that this critique has been, for all intents and purposes, assimilated into capitalism; the case of Finnish micro-labels would seem to repudiate the prevailing neoliberal notions of utilitarian music-making in the new amateur music economy discourse. This being said, the article does consider that it might be necessary for them to revise aspects of their critique if they want it to remain relevant in the new digital communication environment.
Bedömning av yngre elevers muntliga berättande
Authors: Alm Fredrik , Unosson Marie
Published: November 2020

I den här texten vill vi uppmärksamma en svår och viktig men ibland bortglömd del av svensklärares bedömningspraktik, nämligen bedömning av elevers muntliga berättande. Då menar vi inte muntlig framställning eller en redovisning inför klassen utan en förmåga att självständig berätta om eller sammanhängande återge händelser, historier och upplevelser. Kunskapsbedömning beskrivs ibland som en av läraryrkets svåraste uppgifter, och en specifik bedömning som en del lärare finner extra svår att lyckas med är den av elevers muntliga berättande.  Inte minst gäller det för elever med något språkhinder. I en kvalitativ studie har Unosson (2017) undersökt hur lågstadielärare från fem skolor resonerar kring sitt arbete med att bedöma elevers muntliga berättande. Med utgångspunkt i den studien belyser vi i den här artikeln varför lärare finner elevers muntliga berättande svårbedömt, och hur de praktiskt går tillväga för att öka chanserna att lyckas med att bedöma den förmågan.
Fetichismo e narcisismo: a base do capitalismo?
Authors: Jappe Anselm
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo analisa os conceitos de fetichismo e narcisismo, baseando-se nas análises de Marx do fetichismo da mercadoria e do narcisismo em Freud. Uma leitura mais ampla reflete sobre o fetichismo como determinante das próprias formas do pensamento e do agir, enquanto o narcisismo, ultrapassando o simples comportamento individualista, danifica também a própria vida coletiva. Trata-se, portanto, de compreender se esses dois conceitos permitem um uso mais profundo que chegue ao coração da sociedade contemporânea – um uso que deveria decorrer de uma leitura inovadora da constituição fetichismo-narcisismo, sem, contudo, tomá-la sempre ao pé da letra.
A desigualdade econômica, social e psíquica das mulheres: uma questão democrática
Authors: Haroche Claudine , Das Graças Maria
Published: November 2020

Aqui nos inscrevemos em uma abordagem sociológica e histórica para discernir a parte do antropológico e do político na desigualdade entre homens e mulheres. Certas observações visionárias de Tocqueville sobre as relações entre homem e mulher, a comparação que ele faz entre a América e a França, contribuem para elucidar em profundidade as relações entre homens e mulheres. Em seguida, analisamos fatos contemporâneos e reexaminamos, enfim, como conclusão, as causas longínquas e as formas – insidiosas, em particular – desta desvalorização persistente das mulheres.

Tradução para o português de Maria das Graças de Souza, revisão técnica de Christiane Damien.
Guerra, religião, secularismo e alguns sujeitos sensíveis: reflexões preliminares a partir de Talal Asad
Authors: Birman Patricia
Published: November 2020

O artigo procura discutir a forte associação entre guerra e religião, inspirando-se na obra de Talal Asad, autor que reconfigurou os estudos da religião ao explorar os vínculos constitutivos desse campo de estudos com a modernidade secular. Trata-se de interrogar as formações do secular, o modo de sua produção e suas funções no Estado moderno. Considerando o caráter epistemológico das questões do presente, procura-se compreender as aporias do Brasil contemporâneo e, mais especificamente, o sentido moral e religioso da ação política no país e no Rio de Janeiro, nos quais o uso da violência como prática justificada e a promoção da guerra para a destruição dos inimigos, configuram-se como norte de defesa e de construção do estado-nação.
Mahamoud Darwich, Palestino e Pele-Vermelha
Authors: Garcia dos Santos Laymert
Published: November 2020

Este ensaio trata da atualidade da obra do poeta palestino Mahamoud Darwich, especialmente para o contexto de desespero e de tragédia presente no Brasil. Darwich extrai do passado os acontecimentos que seguem ressoando no presente e vê com clareza como a condição agonizante do Palestino sobrepõe-se à do Índio, mais precisamente Pele-Vermelha. É como poeta, como homem que busca a fonte da poesia no continuum da relação cósmica, mítica, com a natureza, que ele se vê na pele vermelha. Mais do que através de uma abstrata noção de pátria, a relação justaposta Pele-Vermelha = Palestino se desenha como intensidade de parentesco com a natureza e seu caráter cósmico, através da Terra, tecendo, assim, uma relação essencial para as nossas futuras gerações apreenderem a paixão de um povo pelo seu lugar no mundo.
Xangô vai à Meca: Islã, comércio e as religiões tradicionais iorubás
Authors: Sebe Bon Meihy Murilo
Published: November 2020

A presença e disseminação do Islã na África não podem ser reduzidas às ações militares e ao uso da violência que caracteriza o ativismo político islâmico atual. Uma dimensão dessa expansão religiosa a ser considerada é o caráter cultural do Islã trazido para a África Ocidental por meio das rotas comerciais vindas do norte do continente. Ao analisar a presença islâmica entre os Iorubás, esse artigo destaca a especificidade simbiótica dessa experiência, ressaltando a formação de uma identidade religiosa plural nessa região, pois o Islã passa a ser negociado como elemento de reconstrução da narrativa sobre orixás, como Oduduwa e Sango. Portanto, conceitos de análise como “conversão” e “jihadismo” devem ser substituídos por categorias menos restritivas como simbiose e integração.
Sobre a Universidade
Authors: Saïd Edward , Machado Everson
Published: November 2020

Este artigo, baseado em conferência realizada na Universidade Americana do Cairo, foi primeiramente publicado como: SAÏD, Edward W. On the University. Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics, n. 25, p. 26-36, 2005. Tradução para o português de Everson Machado. Publicação autorizada. Agradecemos ao Professor Walid El Hamamsy, editor Chefe da revista Alif, a autorização para a publicação em português.
Tirmizî’nin, Sünen’inde “ve fi’l-bâbi an fulân” İfadesini Kullandığı Rivâyetler Üzerine Bir Tetkik (Kitâbu’l-İlim örneği)
Authors: Öztürk Mustafa
Published: November 2020

Her hadis musannifi gibi, Tirmizî’nin de Sünen’ini belli bir metot üzere tasnif ettiği, özellikle, pek çok hadisin sonunda değerlendirme sadedinde bazı usûl bilgilerine yer verdiği ehlince bilinmektedir. Bu bilgilerden biri de onun zaman zaman bir veya birkaç sahâbiyi zikrederek “ve fi’l-bâbi an fulân/an fulân ve fulân...” şeklinde düştüğü kayıtlardır. Tirmizî, bu tür kayıtlarla, her hangi bir sahâbîden bizzat senediyle aktardığı bir hadisin başka sahâbî/sahâbîlerden de geldiğini belirtmektedir. Binaenaleyh diğer sahâbîlerin rivâyetlerinin muteber hadis kaynaklarına ne derece yansımış olduğu hatta aynı hadisin Tirmizî’nin zikretmediği başka sahâbîlere nispetinin bulunup bulunmadığı ilmî merakı celbetmektedir. Diğer taraftan Tirmizî’nin söz konusu ifadeyi kullandığı hadise ait sahâbî zincirini tercih etme sebebi yahut onun aynı bölüm veya bâb içerisinde hakkında “ve fi’l-bâbi an fulân...” ifadesini kullanmadığı rivâyetlerin, sahâbeden başka bir râvisinin var olup olmadığı, araştırmaya muhtaç gözükmektedir. Bu minvalde meselenin şevâhid açısından istatistiksel boyutu da önem arz etmektedir. Ayrıca geçmişte ve günümüzde “ve fi’l-bâbi an fulân…” bağlamında bazı tahric ve değerlendirme çalışmaları da yapılmıştır. Dolayısıyla makalemiz, literatür de dahil bütün bu hususularla ilgili bir tetkiki, “Kitâbu’l-İlim” çerçevesinde kendisine konu edinmektedir.
İmâmiyye Şîası’nda Kırâatlerin Mezhebî Sâiklerle Kullanılması ve Yorumlanması: Tûsî-Tabersî Örneği
Authors: Yıldız Süleyman
Published: November 2020

Günümüzde Şiîlik denildiği zaman ilk akla gelen mezhep olan İmâmiyye Şîası, İslam dünyasında Ehl-i sünnet’ten sonraki en büyük grubu oluşturmaktadır. İmâmiyye Şîası, imâmiyet nazariyesine bağlı olarak birçok meselede Sünnîlerden farklı yaklaşımlar sergilemiştir. Onlardan birisi de kırâat konusudur. İmâmiyye Şîası’nın kırâatler konusundaki görüş farklılığı daha çok kırâatlerde mütevâtirlik ve ahruf-i sebʿa meselesinde ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bununla birlikte sahih yahut sahabe ve Ehl-i beyt’e nispet edilen kimi kırâatlerin İmâmiyye Şîası’nın görüşleri doğrultusunda kullanılması ve yorumlanması da önemli bir başlık oluşturmaktadır. Kırâat-tefsir ilişkisi bağlamında Sünnî ekole mensup müfessirlerin yorum ve yaklaşımları gerek müstakil kitap gerekse makaleler düzeyinde birçok araştırmaya konu olmuştur. Buna mukabil İmâmiyye Şîası müfessirlerinin konuyla ilgili yaklaşımlarına gereği kadar yoğunlaşılmamıştır. Bu makalede, klasik dönem İmâmiyye Şîası’nın en önemli müfessirlerinden Ebû Caʿfer et-Tûsî’nin (ö. 460/1067) et-Tibyân fî tefsîri’l- Ḳurʾân’ı ile Ebû Alî Hasan et-Tabersî’nin (ö. 548/1153) Mecmeʿul-beyân fî tefsîri’l-Ḳurʾân adlı eserinde, Şiî düşüncesinin öncelediği kimi konularda sahih veya şâz kırâatleri mezhebî sâiklerle yorumlayıp yorumlamadıklarının tespiti yapılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Erken Dönem İslâm Diplomasisinde Hediye (H. 7-132/ M. 628-750)
Authors: Argun Selim , Eskin Ümit
Published: November 2020

İnsanlık tarihinin en eski eylemlerinden biri olan hediyeleşme, çeşitli sebeplerle insanlar arasında uygulandığı gibi diplomatik ilişkiler çerçevesinde devletler arasında da uygulanagelen bir eylemdir. Tarih boyunca farklı sâiklerle de olsa devletler arası münasebetlerde, diplomatik teamüller gereği hediyeleşmenin gerçekleştiğine dair bir çok kayıt bulunmaktadır. Özellikle büyük devletler arasındaki diplomatik ilişkilerde hediyeleşme olgusu daha belirgin hale gelmektedir. Hediyeleşmeler genellikle dostluk bağlarını pekiştirme amacına matuf olarak milletler arasında barışı hedefleyen siyasî bir eylem olsa da, zaman zaman veren tarafın güç ve kudretini hissettirme ya da muhatabı küçük düşürme niyeti de taşıyabilmekteydi. Makalede verilen tarihi örneklerden de uluslararası ilişkiler ve diplomasi sahasında hediyeleşmenin önemli bir araç olarak kullanılageldiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada diplomasi ve hediye kavramları hakkında genel bir çerçeve çizildikten sonra Hz. Peygamber (sav), Râşid Halifeler (632-661/11-40) ve Emevîler (661-750/40-132) dönemlerinde diplomatik münasebetlerdeki hediyeleşmeler mercek altına alınacak, böylelikle kronolojik olarak zikredilerek siyasî ve sosyal olaylar bağlamında İslam diplomasi geleneğinde hediyeleşmenin yeri ve önemini ortaya konmaya çalışılacaktır.
Kurtubî’nin Kur’an’ın Sünnet’le Tefsir Edilmesi Yöntemini Uygulama Biçimi: Müfessirin Kullandığı Muhtelif Araç ve Teknikler Perspektifinden
Authors: Bayram Abdullah
Published: November 2020

Tefsir, hadis ve fıkıh âlimi Ebû Abdillâh Muhammed b. Ahmed el-Kurtubî (ö. 671/1273), el-Câmi‘ li-ahkâmi’l-Kur’ân adlı ahkâma ağırlık verdiği tefsirinde rivayet ve dirayet yöntemlerini birbirini tamamlar şekilde ve lafız-mâna dengesi içinde uygulamıştır. Bu tutumu rivayet metodu açısından incelendiğinde, Kurtubî’nin öncelikle Kur’an’ın Kur’an’la ve Kur’an’ın Sünnet’le tefsir tekniklerini kullandığı müteakiben sahâbe ve tabiûn sözlerine başvurduğu açıkça gözlemlenmektedir. Bu yaklaşımı sayesinde müfessir, Kur’an’ın anlaşılması, açıklanması ve yorumlanması faaliyetlerini bütüncül ve tenakuzdan uzak olarak icra etmeye çalışmıştır.
Makalede, rivayet tefsirinin birinci sırasında yer alan Kur’an’ın Kur’an’la tefsir edilmesi tekniğinin hemen ardından gelen Kur’an’ın Sünnet’le tefsirine müfessirin nasıl baktığı ve nasıl uyguladığı incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bu çerçevede müfessirin söz konusu uygulamasında kullandığı araç ve teknikler de çeşitli örneklerle ortaya konulmuştur.
Krm/ك رم Köklü Türevlerin Sarfî Tahlili ve Anlamları
Authors: Dinçer Ferit
Published: November 2020

“KRM/ك رم” köklü türevler, Kur’ân’ın ehmiyetli kavramlarından olan ve çeşitli müştaklarıyla beraber Kur’ân’ın pek çok suresinde geçmektedir. “KRM/ ك ر م” aslının müştakları isim sığasında geldiği gibi fiil sığasında da gelmektedir. Bunun örneğini Kur’ânda bulmak mümkündür. Fakat isim sığasındaki kullanımlar fiile göre daha fazla bir yekûn tutmaktadır. Kur’ân-ı Kerimde yer alan “KRM/ك ر م” köklü türevlerin tamamı sûlasî mezîd kalıbındadır ve bunların geçtiği surelerin 21’si Mekkî, 8’i de Medenîdir.
“KRM/ ك ر م” kökü, Kur’ân’da 17 farklı türeviyle 29 surede, 46 ayette toplam 47 defa kullanılmıştır. Bu kavramın sunduğu mesajların tam olarak ortaya konulabilmesi için, onun müstakil olarak incelenmesi gerekmektedir. Bu bağlamda öncelikle söz konusu kelimenin sarfi tahlili yapılmış. Sonra Arapça sözlükler, Arapça-Türkçe sözlükler, Osmanlıca-Türkçe sözlüklerde “KRM/ك رم” kökü ele alınmış ve anlamları incelenmiştir. Daha sonra Kur’ân-ı Kerim’de “KRM/ك رم” köklü türevlerin kullanımları ele alınarak Tefsirlerde bu türevlere verilen karşılıklar ve söz konusu türevlerin uğradıkları anlam değişimleri ortaya konularak bir sonuca gidilmiştir.
Lâdînî Latin Alfabesi Milliyetçilik Çağında Reşid Rıza’nın Arapça ve Türkçe Üzerine Düşünceleri
Authors: Brunner Rainer
Published: November 2020

Muhammed Reşid Rıza’yı mütevazı olmayışından dolayı suçlamamak gerekir. 1935’teki ölümünden kısa bir süre önce yayımlanan otobiyografik kayıtlarında Reşid Rıza, Kuzey Lübnan’ın Trablus kentindeki Medresetü’l-vataniyye’de henüz ilkokul öğrencisi iken belagat konusunda çok erken bir şöhrete ulaştığını, saklayamadığı gururu ile yad etmiştir. Öyle ki, okulun müdürü ve öğretmeni Hüseyin el-Cisr, (dil konusunda) karşılaştığı zor meselelerde, özellikle de sözlüklerin somut bir şeyler söylemediği anlarda ona danışır, nahiv uzmanı olarak temayüz eden Reşid Rıza da hocasının hemen hiçbir sorusunu cevapsız bırakmazdı. Daha ilkokul öğrencisi iken, yıllar sonra biçim ve üslup bakımından klasik şiir kurallarına uygun olduklarını fark ettiği şiirler yazmıştı. Bu şiirlerle, ondan bir kuşak daha yaşlı bir alimden, Ahmed Abdulcevad el-Kayâtî’den övgüler aldı ve böylece çağdaşlarının yapmayı çoktan bıraktığı bir şeyi yapmaya başladı. Sayısız ödül (ve arkadaşlarının ya da tanınmış şahsiyetlerin kaybı üzerine yazdığı mersiyeler), “yetkin bir yazar olarak şöhretini” (şühretî bi’l-icâde fi’l-kitâbe) arttırdı. Reşid Rıza bir meslektaşıyla konuşurken başka bir alimin, “Reşid Efendi’nin, sahip olduğumuz en belagatli yazar olduğu ve sadece Muhammed Abduh’un onun sanatına ayak uydurabileceği” şeklindeki sözlerini aktarırken, yarım ağızla kendisinin böyle düşünmediğini de eklemişti....
Bir İnanç Merkezi ve Tarihî Mekân Olarak Ebû Kubeys Dağı Hakkındaki Rivayetlerin Tespiti
Authors: Ortakcı Halil
Published: November 2020

İslâm öncesinden itibaren hacıların Mekke’de ziyaret ettikleri yerlerden biri de Kâbe’ye en yakın dağ olan Ebû Kubeys’tir. Halk tarafından ziyaretgâh edinilmesi ve üzerinde çeşitli tarihî hadiselerin meydana gelmesi sebebiyle bu dağ hakkındaki birçok rivayet, kaynaklarda yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada 1980’li yıllarda yıkılıp yerine saray inşa edilen Ebû Kubeys ile ilgili söz konusu dağınık rivayetler tespit edilerek dağın bir inanç merkezi ve tarihî mekân olarak önemi ortaya konulacaktır. Ayrıca bu yerin coğrafî yapısı, isimlendirilmesi, mesellere konu olması, rasat merkezi olarak kullanılması ve üzerine inşa edilen ribat, mescit, zâviye gibi yapılar hakkında bilgiler verilecektir. Böylece Ebû Kubeys’in İslâm kültür ve medeniyeti açısından önemi daha iyi anlaşılacaktır
Gumdân Sarayı Hakkındaki Rivayetlerin Tahlili ve İslâm Mimarîsi Üzerindeki Etkilerinin Tartışılması
Authors: Temir Hakan
Published: November 2020

Yemen’in San‘a şehrinde inşa edilen Gumdân Sarayı, Arap mimarî eserlerinin en eski ve ilginç olanıdır. İslam coğrafyacılarının yirmi katlı bir bina olarak tarif ettiği saray, müsteşrikler tarafından dünyanın ilk gökdeleni kabul edilir. Mimarî özellikleri ve kullanım amaçlarıyla bu başyapıt diğerlerinden ayrılır. Yemen tarihiyle özdeşleşen Gumdân, rivayetlerde Sebe ve Himyer krallarının idarî merkezi olduğu kadar dinî ayinlerin yapıldığı kutsal mekândır. Sarayı oluşturan unsurlar arasında su saatinin ve gökyüzü hareketlerinin daha rahat gözlemlenebildiği mekânların bulunması, fennî alanda da bir takım çalışmalara ev sahipliği yaptığına işaret etmektedir. Çok amaçlı olduğu düşünülen bu yapının İslâmiyet’in ortaya çıktığı dönemlerde yıkılmasıyla tarihî değeri bir kenara bırakılmış ve her geçen gün izleri silinmiştir. Sarayı oluşturan malzemeler, zamanla başka yapılarda kullanıldığından geriye bir takım hurafe ve mitolojik anlatımlar kalmıştır. Hatta bu anlatılar yapının gerçek mahiyeti üzerinde şüpheler uyandırmıştır. İşte bu yüzden Gumdân’a dair bilgiler yeniden ele alınmalı ve günümüzde her geçen gün ilerleme kaydedilen arkeolojik çalışmaların verileri de dikkate alınarak sarayın esas mahiyeti ortaya çıkartılmalıdır. Böylelikle yapının gerçek özellikleri belirginleşeceği gibi İslâm mimarisi üzerinde muhtemel etkileri tartışmaya açılacaktır.
Kur’ancılık Ekolü ve Namaz
Authors: Yazıcı Ahmet
Published: November 2020

Kur’ancılık ekolü, kökeni hakkında bazı ihtilaflar olmakla birlikte modern döneme özgü bir harekettir. Ortak vasıf olarak Kur’an’ı tek ve yeter kaynak kabul eden ekol, sünnete, mezheplere ve gelenek olarak isimlendirilen dini müktesebata mesafeli yaklaşmaktadır. Bazı âyetlerin literal anlamından hareketle, Kur’an’ın her şeyi kapsadığını iddia eden ekol mensupları, metin merkezci bir anlayışla her şeyi Kur’an’dan çıkarmaya tevessül etmekte ve bu bağlamda te’vil kapısını sonuna kadar açmaktadır. Bu duruma verilebilecek en güzel örneklerden birisi de namazdır. Kur’an’da bütün peygamberlere emredildiği bildirilen, fakat detayları belirtilmeyen namazın uygulaması Hz. Peygamber’in sünnetiyle sabittir. Ancak sünnete ve geleneğe mesafeli duran ekol mensuplarının namaz hakkında farklı yorum ve yaklaşımları mevcuttur. İşte bu çalışma, Kur’ancılık ekolü mensuplarının namaza bakışını tahlil etmekte ve bu ibadet özelinde onların Kur’an anlayışları hakkında tespitlerde bulunmayı hedeflemektedir.