bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CFD Simulation of a Submersible Passive Rotor at a Pipe Outlet under Time-Varying Water Jet Flux
Authors: Farouk Mohamed , Kriaa Karim , Elgamal Mohamed
Published: September 2022

During the past two decades, passive rotors have been proposed and introduced to be used in a number of different water sector applications. One of these applications is the use of a passive rotor at the outlets of pipe outfalls to enhance mixing. The main objective of this study is to develop a CFD computational workflow to numerically examine the feasibility of using a passive rotor downstream of the outlet of pipe outfalls to improve the mixing properties of the near flow field. The numerical simulation for a pipe outlet with a passive rotor is a numerical challenge because of the nonlinear water-structure interactions between the water flow and the rotor. This study utilizes a computational workflow based on the ANSYS FLUENT to simulate that water-structure interaction to estimate the variation in time of the angular speed (ω) of a passive rotor initially at rest and then subjected to time-varying water velocity (υ). Two computational techniques were investigated: the six-degrees-of-freedom (6DOF) and the sliding mesh (SM). The 6DOF method was applied first to obtain a mathematical relation of ω as a function of the water velocity (υ). The SM technique was used next (based on the deduced ω-υ relation by the 6DOF) to minimize the calculation time considerably. The study has shown that the 6DOF technique accurately determines both maximum and temporal angular speeds, with discrepancies within 3% of the measured values. A number of numerical runs were conducted to investigate the effect of the gap distance between the passive rotor and the pipe outlet and to examine the effect of using the passive rotor on the near flow field downstream of the rotor. The model results showed that as the gap distance of the pipe outlet to the passive rotor increases, the rotor’s maximum angular speed decreases following a decline power-law trend. The numerical model results also revealed that the passive rotor creates a spiral motion that extends downstream to about 15 times the pipe outlet diameter. The passive rotor significantly increases the turbulence intensity by more than 500% in the near field zone of the pipe outlet; however, this effect rapidly vanishes after four times the pipe diameter.
Study on Soil Leaching Risk of Reuse of Reclaimed Fertilizer from Micro-Flush Sanitary Wastewater
Authors: Lv Minghuan , Zhu Shikun , Shi Yunpeng , Shu Shangyi , Li Ao , Fan Bin
Published: September 2022

In view of the potential soil leaching risk of the reuse of fertilizer reclaimed from micro-flush sanitary wastewater, the batch tests of soil adsorption and degradation, soil column percolation test and multi-stage soil box percolation test were adopted. The characteristics of leachate after the interaction between reclaimed fertilizer and soil, as well as the changes of soil attributes in the soil box system, were analyzed. After obtaining the correlation coefficients of solute transport in soil through the above experiments, the HYDRUS-1D model was constructed to simulate the solute migration and transformation in the soil with a duration of 1 year and a soil thickness of 5 m. The impacts of leachate on groundwater and soil were analyzed. The results showed that the adsorption intensity of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) (1n=0.8009) in the tested soil was lower than that of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (1n=1.1830). The HYDRUS prediction showed that concentrations of TAN and COD at the soil depth of 5 m were 0, while total nitrogen (TN) still had a concentration of 0.11 mg/L. However, the TN leaching into the deep soil mainly came from the soil itself. The TAN at 3.4 m soil showed an upward trend in the prediction period. In addition, the reuse of reclaimed fertilizer can expand the soil nutrient inventory, which is conducive to the improvement of soil fertility. It can be concluded that the soil leaching risk of reuse of reclaimed fertilizer is not significant in the short term (one year). However, the risk of fertilization on soil with high-nitrogen background value should be paid attention to in the long term.
Assessment of Acute and Short-Term Developmental Toxicity of Mercury Chloride to Rare Minnow (Gobiocypris rarus)
Authors: Xiong Xiaoqin , Shi Qingchao , Liu Hao , Zhou Qian , Li Huatao , Hu Peng , Wen Zhengyong , Wang Jianwei , Zou Yuanchao , Zeng Yu , Hao Yaotong
Published: September 2022

Mercury (Hg), as the most potentially hazardous heavy metal, has accumulated in the aquatic environment and has caused concern about its safety. To test the toxic effects of mercury chloride (Hg2+) on rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus), the acute toxicity of Hg2+ to embryos, newly hatched larvae, juvenile fish, and the short-term developmental toxicity of Hg2+ to the embryo and sac-fry stages, were investigated. The 96-h LC50 values of Hg2+ to embryos, newly hatched larvae, and juvenile fish were 0.56, 0.07, and 0.10 mg/L, respectively, suggesting newly hatched larvae were the most sensitive, followed by juvenile fish, while embryos were the most resistant in response to an Hg2+ challenge. The research data revealed that the safe level of Hg2+ exposure for rare minnow was 0.7 μg/L. In addition, the LOEC (lowest observed effect concentration) and NOEC (no observed effect concentration) values of Hg2+ to heartbeat, mortality, malformation rate, and body length of survived larvae were identically, 0.05 and 0.01 mg/L, respectively. These findings indicated that Hg2+ had lethal effects on rare minnow at different life stages, and that newly hatched larvae were the most sensitive stage. The above findings have important implications for better understanding the environmental risk assessment of Hg2+ on aquatic organisms.
Dam Safety-Overtopping and Geostructural Risks
Authors: Toledo Miguel Á. , Moran Rafael
Published: September 2022

There is a growing concern about the safety of dams and dikes in modern society [...]
Coordination among Water Transport, Photosynthesis and Nutrition under Climate Change: Stronger Responses of a Native than an Invasive Herb
Authors: Qi Jin-Hua , Yan Qiao-Shun , Tasnim Rafa , Zhang Lan , Fu Pei-Li , Fan Ze-Xin , Zhang Yong-Jiang
Published: September 2022

Climate change will impact all plant physiological processes including water transport, photosynthesis, and nutrient assimilation. How these processes are coordinated in response to climate change is not fully understood. Here we tested how these processes will respond to elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and temperatures for two herbaceous species (an invasive and a native Eupatorium species in East Asia; family Asteraceae) and whether these processes are coordinated using a controlled experiment. We also investigated the differences between these two species, and the structural basis for changes in physiology. Leaf photosynthetic capacity (Amax, measured under ambient conditions) increased significantly in the native species, while that of the invasive species did not change under elevated [CO2] and temperatures. The leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) of both species tended to increase under elevated temperatures and [CO2], with that of the native species increasing to a greater extent. Changes in Kleaf and Amax were coordinated, and Kleaf was closely associated with leaf minor vein density across treatments. The increased photosynthetic capacity of the native species was probably related to an increased N investment in photosynthesis; its leaf N decreased but chlorophyll concentration increased inviting detailed studies in N partitioning. No coordination between water use (water transport, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency) and leaf tissue nutrient (N, P) concentrations was found, probably owing to the active control in nutrient uptake. Thus, photosynthesis is coordinated with water transport in response to climate change, while the coordination between water use and nutrient accumulation can be absent due to active control. Our results also suggest that global climate change will not necessarily fuel more positive responses in invasive plants than native plants.
Numerical Investigation of Wave Run-Up and Load on Fixed Truncated Cylinder Subjected to Regular Waves Using OpenFOAM
Authors: Wang Bin , Li Yu , Wu Fei , Gao Shan , Yan Jun
Published: September 2022

In the interaction between waves and structures, the maximum wave run-up height on the surface of the structure and the wave field distribution around the cylinder are important factors to be considered in the design of marine structures. In this paper, the open source software OpenFOAM is used to simulate the wave run-up phenomenon of a truncated cylinder under regular waves by solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equation. The established numerical model is verified with the experimental data, and the good consistency demonstrates the accuracy in simulating the interaction between waves and fixed truncated cylinders. The numerical results show that the draft of the cylinder under regular waves has little effect on its maximum wave run-up height, but has a significant effect on the horizontal wave force. At the same wave steepness, the radial dimensionless run-up height increases with the increase of scattering parameters ka, where k is the wave number and a is the cylinder radius. The radial run-up height decreases gradually along the radial direction in the upstream, and increases gradually along the radial direction in the downstream.
Efficient Removal of Methyl Red Dye by Using Bark of Hopbush
Authors: Gul Salma , Kanwal Mansha , Qazi Raina Aman , Gul Hajera , Khattak Rozina , Khan Muhammad Sufaid , Khitab Fatima , Krauklis Andrey E.
Published: September 2022

Methyl red (MR) dye, one of the azo dyes, is mutagenic and its persistence has negative effects on the environment and people’s health. The current work is the first to demonstrate that methyl red dye can be removed effectively and sustainably, utilizing biomass derived from the bark of the Dodonaea viscosa (Hopbush) plant. The Hopbush bark shows effective adsorption of MR, upto 73%, under optimized conditions in an aqueous medium. The experimental conditions were optimized by examining the effect of time, initial dye concentration, pH and ionic strength on the adsorption process in an aqueous medium. Maximum (i.e., 73%) adsorption of MR removal (500 ppm) was observed in highly acidic conditions (pH = 1) at a contact time of 75 min. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich adsorption isotherm appeared to be the most appropriate for characterizing the MR’s adsorption onto the bark of the D. viscosa plant. Furthermore, it was shown that bark powder outperformed animal charcoal, silica gel, and powdered flowers, as well as the leaves of the same species, in terms of adsorption capacity. Thus, a natural adsorbent that is inexpensive and readily available—the bark of the D. viscosa plant—can be used to effectively remove harmful dyes from contaminated water and protect water resources from harmful pollutants.
Estimations of Water Volume and External Loading Based on DYRESM Hydrodynamic Model at Lake Dianchi
Authors: Zhang Rufeng , Luo Liancong , Pan Min , He Feng , Luo Chunliang , Meng Di , Li Huiyun , Li Jialong , Gong Falu , Wu Guizhu , Chen Lan , Zhang Jian , Sun Ting
Published: September 2022

There are many rivers flowing from complex paths into Lake Dianchi. At present, there is a lack of inflow and water quality monitoring data for some rivers, resulting in limited accuracy of statistical results regarding water volume and external loading estimations. In this study, we used DYRESM to estimate the water volume entering Waihai of Lake Dianchi from 2007 to 2019 without historical hydrological observation data. Then, we combined this information with the monthly monitoring data of water quality to calculate the annual external loading. Our results showed that: (1) DYRESM could effectively capture the extreme changes of water level at Waihai, showing its reliable applicability to Lake Dianchi. (2) The average annual inflow of rivers entering Waihai was about 6.69 × 108 m3. The fitting relationship between river inflow and precipitation was significant on annual scale (r = 0.74), with a higher inner-annual fitting coefficient between them (r = 0.98), thus suggesting that precipitation and its caused river inflows are the main water source for Waihai. (3) From 2007 to 2010, the river loadings remained at a high level. They decreased to 2445.44 t (total nitrogen, TN) and 106.53 t (total phosphorus, TP) due to a followed drought in 2011. (4) The river loading had annual variation characteristics. The contribution rates of TN and TP loading in the rainy season were 63% and 67% respectively. (5) Panlong River, Daqing River, Jinjia River, Xinbaoxiang River, Cailian River and Hai River were the main inflow rivers. Their loadings accounted for 81.3% (TN) and 80.3% (TP) of the total inputs. (6) River loadings have gradually reduced and the water quality of Waihai has continually improved. However, Pearson analysis results showed that the water quality parameters were not significantly correlated with their corresponding external loading at Waihai, indicating that there might be other factors influencing the water quality. (7) The contribution rates of internal release to the total loads of TN and TP at Waihai were estimated to be 7.6% and 8.9% respectively, suggesting that the reductions of both external and internal loading should be considered in order to significantly improve the water quality at Waihai of Lake Dianchi.
Initial Deployment of a Mobile Sensing System for Water Quality in Urban Canals
Authors: Meyers Drew , Zheng Qinmin , Duarte Fábio , Ratti Carlo , Hemond Harold , van der Blom Marcel , van der Helm Alex , Whittle Andrew
Published: September 2022

Although water quality has extensively improved over the last decade, recreational uses of the canal network in Amsterdam are limited by variations in water quality associated with stormwater runoff and episodic harmful algal blooms. The current systems for monitoring water quality are based on a stationary network of sampling points, offline testing methods, and online measurements of conventional water quality parameters on board a boat that continuously navigates the urban canal network. Here we describe the development and deployment of online algal sensors on board the boat, including a prototype LED-induced fluorescence instrument for algal identification and quantification. We demonstrate that by using only a single patrol vessel, we are able to achieve enough sampling coverage to observe spatiotemporal heterogeneity of algal and chemical water quality within the canal network. The data provide encouraging evidence that opportunistic measurements from a small number of mobile platforms can enable high-resolution mapping and can be used to improve the monitoring of water quality across the city compared to the current network of fixed sampling locations. We also discuss the challenges of operating water quality sensors for long-term autonomous monitoring.
Predicting Aquaculture Water Quality Using Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Li Tingting , Lu Jian , Wu Jun , Zhang Zhenhua , Chen Liwei
Published: September 2022

Good water quality is important for normal production processes in industrial aquaculture. However, in situ or real-time monitoring is generally not available for many aquacultural systems due to relatively high monitoring costs. Therefore, it is necessary to predict water quality parameters in industrial aquaculture systems to obtain useful information for managing production activities. This study used back propagation neural network (BPNN), radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), support vector machine (SVM), and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) to simulate and predict water quality parameters including dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, ammonium-nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), and nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N). Published data were used to compare the prediction accuracy of different methods. The correlation coefficients of BPNN, RBFNN, SVM, and LSSVM for predicting DO were 0.60, 0.99, 0.99, and 0.99, respectively. The correlation coefficients of BPNN, RBFNN, SVM, and LSSVM for predicting pH were 0.56, 0.84, 0.99, and 0.57. The correlation coefficients of BPNN, RBFNN, SVM, and LSSVM for predicting NH3-N were 0.28, 0.88, 0.99, and 0.25, respectively. The correlation coefficients of BPNN, RBFNN, SVM, and LSSVM for predicting NO3-N were 0.96, 0.87, 0.99, and 0.87, respectively. The correlation coefficients of BPNN, RBFNN, SVM, and LSSVM predicted NO2-N with correlation coefficients of 0.87, 0.08, 0.99, and 0.75, respectively. SVM obtained the most accurate and stable prediction results, and SVM was used for predicting the water quality parameters of industrial aquaculture systems with groundwater as the source water. The results showed that the SVM achieved the best prediction effect with accuracy of 99% for both published data and measured data from a typical industrial aquaculture system. The SVM model is recommended for simulating and predicting the water quality in industrial aquaculture systems.
Analysis of Energy Characteristics and Internal Flow Field of “S” Shaped Airfoil Bidirectional Axial Flow Pump
Authors: Xie Chuanliu , Feng Andong , Fu Tenglong , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Tao , Yang Fan
Published: September 2022

In order to study the energy characteristics and internal flow field of “S” shaped airfoil bidirectional axial flow pumps, the SST k-ω turbulence model is used to calculate the bidirectional axial flow pump, and the experimental verification is carried out. The results show that the error of numerical calculation of forward and reverse operation is within 5%, and the numerical calculation result is credible. The test results show that the bidirectional axial flow pump has a design flow rate of Q = 368 L/s, head H = 3.767 m, and an efficiency of η = 80.37%. In reverse operation, the flow of the bidirectional axial flow pump under design condition Q = 316 L/s, head H = 3.658 m, efficiency η = 70.37%. The flow of forward operation is about 15% larger than that of reverse operation under design working condition, the design head is about 3.70 m, and the efficiency of design working condition is about 10% higher than that of reverse operation. The numerical calculation results show that under the forward design condition (Q = 368 L/s), the hydraulic loss accounts for 6.22%, and under the reverse design condition (Q = 316 L/s), the hydraulic loss accounts for 11.81%, with a difference of about 6%. The uniformity of impeller inlet flow rate under the forward operation is about 12% higher than that in the reverse operation. In forward and reverse operation, with the increase of flow, the outlet streamline, the outlet total pressure distribution, the uniformity of impeller inlet velocity, and the vortex in the impeller domain are improved, and the forward direction is better than the reverse direction. The research results of this paper can provide a reference for the research and optimal design of the bidirectional axial flow pump.
Proper Pricing Approach to the Water Supply Cost Sharing: A Case Study of the Eastern Route of the South to North Water Diversion Project in China
Authors: Liu Yang , Chong Fatong , Jia Jingjing , Cao Shengle , Wang Jun
Published: September 2022

Conflict in cost sharing is normal in complex water distribution system projects, such as the inter-basin water diversion project (IWDP). China’s South to North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) is the largest IWDP in the world, with a complex relationship between upstream and downstream users of the water supply. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an applicable and unsophisticated cost-sharing method to deal with the complex relationship between upstream and downstream users. This paper proposes an improved cost-sharing method based on the continuity equation of water quantity and the balance equation of the project cost between upstream and downstream users. The fairness of sharing the joint cost between parties involved in the eastern route of SNWDP (ER-SNWDP) obtained using the proposed improved cost-sharing method is investigated by comparing its results with the existing cost-sharing method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can overcome the non-convergence issue of the existing sharing formula and reduce the differences between upstream and downstream users’ sharing costs. The improved method provides a cost-sharing strategy that is more easily accepted by both the upstream and downstream users than the existing estimation approach. Therefore, the proposed pricing approach can provide technical guidance for decision makers in the effective operation of large-scale IWDPs in areas with quasi water markets.
Using Springs as Sentinels of Climate Change in Nature Parks North and South of the Alps: A Critical Evaluation of Methodological Aspects and Recommendations for Long-Term Monitoring
Authors: Cantonati Marco , Lichtenwöhrer Kurt , Leonhardt Gabi , Seifert Linda , Mustoni Andrea , Hotzy Ralf , Schubert Eva , Blattner Lucas , Bilous Olena , Lotz Annette , Poschlod Benjamin , Gerecke Reinhard
Published: September 2022

Spring ecosystems are diverse transition zones between ground- and surface-water habitats. Due to their characteristics and vulnerable species assemblages, springs are considered indicator systems for monitoring environmental change. In particular, climate change is expected to alter spring-ecosystem features, such as water temperature and discharge, affecting otherwise typically stable biotic and abiotic conditions. However, reliable trend-development recognition and analysis require a uniform methodology and comparable data series over long periods of time. Spring research findings in the Berchtesgaden National Park and the Adamello-Brenta Nature Park have been consolidated to develop methodological recommendations to create lasting societal-added value. The successful transfer of the methodology to the Bavarian Forest National Park and the experienced contribution of the Bavarian Association for the Protection of Nature (Bavarian Climate Alliance) strongly improved method validations. Our resulting, newly developed recommendations for long-term spring monitoring have a focus on climate change impacts and aim at providing a decision-making basis for establishing programs in similar ecological and climatic zones. Uniform site-selection criteria and selected climate-sensitive parameters are indicated. This includes documenting the spring’s environment and structure, measuring abiotic parameters, and determining selected floristic and faunistic groups. We recommend measurement and sampling-survey intervals ranging from 3(4) times yearly to every 5 years, depending on the parameter. We further suggest a database system that integrates all monitoring parameters to ensure consistent data management and storage. Analysing the data resulting from our new holistic spring monitoring methodology should provide critical knowledge about putatively changing ecosystems that can then be used as evidence of climate-change impact on spring ecosystems.
ORGANICS: A QGIS Plugin for Simulating One-Dimensional Transport of Dissolved Substances in Surface Water
Authors: Rossetto Rudy , Cisotto Alberto , Dalla Libera Nico , Braidot Andrea , Sebastiani Luca , Ercoli Laura , Borsi Iacopo
Published: September 2022

Surface water in streams and rivers is a valuable resource and pollution events, if not tackled in time, may have dramatic impacts on aquatic ecosystems. As such, in order to prepare pollution prevention plans and measures or to set-up timely remedial options, especially in the early stages of pollution incidents, simulation tools are of great help for authorities, with specific reference to environmental protection agencies and river basin authorities. In this paper, we present the development and testing of the ORGANICS plugin embedded in QGIS. The plugin is a first attempt to embed surface water solute transport modelling into GIS for the simulation of the concentration of a dissolved substance (for example an organic compound) in surface water bodies including advection dispersion and degradation. This tool is based on the analytical solution of the popular advection/dispersion equation describing the transport of contaminants in surface water. By providing as input data the concentration measured at the entry point of a watercourse (inlet boundary condition) and the average speed of the surface water, the model simulates the concentration of a substance at a certain distance from the entry point, along the profile of the watercourse. The tool is first tested on a synthetic case. Then data on the concentration of the pharmaceutical carbamazepine monitored at the inlet and outlet of a vegetated channel, in a single day, are used to validate the tool in a real environment. The ORGANICS plugin aims at popularizing the use of simple modelling tools within a GIS framework, and it provides GIS experts with the ability to perform approximate, but fast, simulations of the evolution of pollutants concentration in surface water bodies.
Synergetic Development of “Water Resource–Water Environment–Socioeconomic Development” Coupling System in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors: Zhao Ziyang , Wang Hongrui , Zhang Li , Liu Xuan
Published: September 2022

The Yangtze River Economic Belt, which is an important development axis of China’s “T-shaped” strategy, has been challenged by water resource utilization and water environment protection due to the rapid development of the social economy. In this study, to understand the variation characteristics, competition and cooperation relationship, and optimal stable point of synergetic development capability of the “water resource–water environment–socioeconomic development” coupling system, 20 years of data, from 1999 to 2018, at the general, provincial, and city scales were analyzed. The results showed that the synergetic development capability of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2011 was a mutation point; it fluctuated slightly before 2011 and steadily rose after 2011, with an average value of 2.46. The three subsystems were all in an evolutionary state, and the evolution speed was sorted by socioeconomic development > water resources > water environment. The water resource subsystem and water environment subsystem had a win–win relationship, and the other subsystems had a lose–lose relationship. Moreover, the synergetic evolution stable point of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was (0.8625,0.8236,1.5841). From the spatial trend, the synergetic development capability in the west was better than in the east and the capability in the south was better than in the north. The spatial agglomeration and spatial heterogeneity in 110 cities were more obvious than those of 11 provinces. From the temporal trend, the synergetic development capability gradually improved. Additionally, the synergetic development capability and its rank obeyed Zipf’s rank-size rule, and the degree of deviation gradually reduced. Furthermore, the Yangtze River Economic Belt can be divided into nine secondary urban agglomerations, and the western, central, and eastern regions paid more attention to socioeconomic development, water environment improvement, and water resource protection, respectively. The “siphon effect” in the central cities was greater than the “radiation effect”. This study provided a method for effectively evaluating the synergetic development characteristics and is of great significance to the protection, development, and utilization of water resources.
Risk Propagation Evolution Analysis of Oil and Gas Leakage in FPSO Oil and Gas Processing System by Mapping Bow-Tie into Directed Weighted Complex Network
Authors: Wang Longting , Sun Liping , Sun Hai , Meng Xiangkun , Kang Jichuan
Published: September 2022

An innovative methodology is proposed to identify potential risk factors and possible accident escalation consequences, and to determine the evolution of an accident from cause to consequence, thereby to identify the most probable path and discover key risk factors along the path rapidly. Based on the principle of a directed weighted complex network (DWCN), the bow-tie (BT) model, risk entropy and the improved ant colony optimization (IACO) algorithm are integrated into this methodology. First, the qualitative analysis of risk evolution based on the BT model is carried out. The evolution development based on accident suppression can be divided into two stages: accident precursor stage and accident evolution stage. Then, a new method for mapping BT into DWCN is proposed. Lastly, the shortest path analysis of risk evolution based on the IACO algorithm is carried out, fuzzy set theory (FST) is introduced to calculate the failure probability of risk factors, and risk entropy is used to represent the uncertainty of risk propagation. Thus, the IACO algorithm can be used to calculate the shortest path of risk evolution. The proposed method is applied to oil and gas leakages in the FPSO oil and gas processing system. The results show that it is an effective method to identify the shortest evolution path and the most vulnerable risk factors.
Development of a Temperature-Based Model Using Machine Learning Algorithms for the Projection of Evapotranspiration of Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Muhammad Mohd Khairul Idlan , Shahid Shamsuddin , Hamed Mohammed Magdy , Harun Sobri , Ismail Tarmizi , Wang Xiaojun
Published: September 2022

Reliable projections of evapotranspiration (ET) are important for agricultural and water resources development, planning, and management. However, ET projections using well established empirical models suffer from uncertainty due to their dependency on many climatic variables. This study aimed to develop temperature-based empirical ET models using Gene Expression Programming (GEP) for the reliable estimation and projection of ET in peninsular Malaysia within the context of global warming. The efficiency of the GEP-generated equation was compared to the existing methods. Finally, the GEP ET formulas were used to project ET from the downscaled and projected temperature of nine global climate models (GCMs) for four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), namely, RCP 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5, at ten locations of peninsular Malaysia. The results revealed improved performance of GEP models in all standard statistics. Downscaled temperatures revealed a rise in minimum and maximum temperatures in the range of 2.47–3.30 °C and 2.79–3.24 °C, respectively, during 2010–2099. The ET projections in peninsular Malaysia showed changes from −4.35 to 7.06% for RCP2.6, −1.99 to 16.76% for RCP4.5, −1.66 to 22.14% for RCP6.0 and −0.91 to 39.7% for RCP8.5 during 2010−2099. A higher rise in ET was projected over the northern peninsula than in the other parts.
Towards a Chilean Water Governance: A Study on the Los Batros and Paicaví Wetland Reservoirs
Authors: Quevedo Francisca , Rojas Hernández Jorge , Barra Ricardo O.
Published: September 2022

The creation of the Urban Wetlands Law has emerged as a promising initiative to address the challenges of urban wetland management in Chile. Concepción, with its urban wetlands, is presented as a relevant case study for the analysis of water management of these ecosystems. The simple identification of the actors involved in the territory is not enough to achieve a clear understanding of the problem, so this article focuses on the networks of actors that are involved in the water management practices of the wetland ecosystems of Los Batros and Paicaví. In this work, the application of grounded theory and semi-structured interviews with key actors were combined. The main results indicate that water management has elements that are close to polycentric governance, such as the aforementioned law, where there are coordination initiatives among actors and power limitations in the analyzed cases. However, this research identifies several areas of improvement regarding decentralization, citizen participation, mitigation, and adaptation actions.
From Digital Natives to Zoom Graduates? Student Experiences with Distance Learning during Lockdown in Portugal
Authors: Vieira Maria Manuel , Ribeiro Ana Sofia
Published: September 2022

Public health measures adopted due to the COVID-19 pandemic made emergency remote learning the designated higher education delivery model under lockdowns, causing several transformations in the sector. Based on an online survey of 1009 students aged between 16 and 24 years old during 2021, this article examines the perceptions and experiences of distance education of a cohort dealing with the second lockdown in Portugal. It explores how young people perceived their student lives during the lockdown. More specifically, the study focuses on higher education experience, from learning conditions to pedagogical quality; expectations regarding academic life; and main concerns about academic (and professional) futures due to the lockdown’s effects. The results show that while some students adapted well to remote teaching, stressing its advantages in terms of time management and convenience, the majority disliked it because they had greater difficulty in following classes, not due to material and technical limitations, but rather for lack of socialisation and peer support. We discuss the value of a hidden curriculum for student engagement.
Сulture role in consolidation potential development for urban communities in augmented social reality
Authors: Babintsev Valentin P. , Gaidukova Galina N. , Shapoval Zhanna A.
Published: September 2022

This present article mainly intends to evaluate conjunctive and disjunctive trends in modern urban culture development within the context of augmented social reality, which is characterized by hybridity, saturation with machinery and technology, the availability of communicators. The methodological foundation of the study is the materials of the sociological study carried out by the authors over the course of 2020 in three areas of Belgorod, including a) the questionnaire survey of the urban people (500 individuals) on the basis of a quota (by age and sex), multistage and zoned sampling; b) the expert surveys; c) Focus groups (urban youth, and mass media staff). Given the results of the conducted sociological study, the authors state the presence of a dynamic balance between disjunctive and conjunctive tendencies in the cultural sphere growth, at least in towns.
mulheres na sociedade brasileira e sua abordagem na disciplina de sociologia
Authors: Peixoto Rosado Letícia , Aparecida da Silva Eva
Published: September 2022

Este artigo traz o relato e algumas reflexões sobre a pesquisa que buscou conhecer e compreender as representações que professoras e professores de Sociologia da rede pública estadual de Araraquara/SP e região têm em relação ao ensino do tema de gênero, particularmente sobre as questões referentes à violência contra as mulheres, o papel, o status, os direitos e às características atribuídas às mulheres pela sociedade brasileira. Buscou-se, ainda, analisar em que medida a disciplina de Sociologia possibilita, através de seu conteúdo, refletir o espaço social e dar uma maior frequência e abertura para o diálogo sobre a condição e situação das mulheres na sociedade brasileira.
primeiras-damas como membros da elite política
Authors: Guerrero Valencia Carolina , Melo Jéssica , Arana Araya Ignacio
Published: September 2022

As primeiras-damas estão crescentemente adquirindo capital político, influenciando os governos e lançando-se como candidatas. No entanto, a literatura especializada não tem documentado essa tendência. Nesse artigo, argumentamos que o ingresso desse grupo de mulheres no Poder Executivo exige que sejam consideradas como parte da elite política. Para se ter um melhor entendimento da influência política das primeiras-damas, propomos uma tipologia que origina quatro categorias, nas quais classificamos as 88 mulheres que estiveram no posto entre 1990 e 2016.
burocracia como empreendedora de políticas no estado de São Paulo: o caso do InovaDay
Authors: Parra Duarte Cristiano , Bizelli José Luís
Published: September 2022

O presente estudo, de caráter exploratório, apresenta uma análise sobre o papel da burocracia na produção da política de inovação para o setor público do estado de São Paulo, tendo como escopo o programa InovaDay. Para isso, o trabalho é desenvolvido em três perspectivas: 1. Discute, por meio de revisão bibliográfica em profundidade, os conceitos de a) burocracia, sobretudo relacionada ao processo de produção de políticas, b) empreendedor de políticas, e c) política de inovação voltada ao setor público; 2. Coleta e sistematiza dados do programa entre 2010 e 2017 (participações; temáticas; palestrantes); 3. Entrevista o gestor do programa. O estudo concluiu que a burocracia pública paulista pode ser entendida como empreendedora de políticas. Além disso, os maiores parceiros nos processos inovativos são agentes do setor privado, direcionados, sobretudo, às temáticas de “Inovação em atuação governamental e relações de governo”, “Inovação em Economia e empreendedorismo público” e “Inovação em processos de gestão e cultura organizacional”.
Exposição “Das galés às galerias”: breve história do acervo do Museu Nacional de Belas Artes, da arte brasileira e das representações e protagonismos da população negra
Authors: Lázaro Batalhone Neto Venâncio , Dias Tavares de Lima Helen , Bigatti de Castro Paula
Published: September 2022

A exposição “Das galés às galerias: representações e protagonismos do negro no acervo do Museu Nacional de Belas Artes”, realizada em 2018, foi dividida em três períodos: o Brasil da Colônia ao Império; o Brasil do Estado Novo; e o Brasil Atual. Para além das intenções manifestas pela curadoria, a estruturação, a escolha das obras e os sentidos atribuídos remetem à história da criação do acervo do museu e da história da arte no Brasil. Este artigo é o resultado de uma “visita etnográfica” à exposição, sendo estruturado a partir de sua divisão. Na primeira seção, discute-se como as obras foram deslocadas de seu sentido original de retratos de paisagens naturais e cenas do cotidiano, para uma dimensão de crítica da representação da população negra, retratada como integrante passiva dessas paisagens. Na segunda, discute-se a consolidação do modernismo no campo artístico e a mudança da visão sobre a participação de pessoas negras e pardas na construção de uma certa concepção de identidade nacional. Além da presença de teorias raciais que circulavam no início do século XX. Por fim, são apresentados momentos em que o protagonismo negro pode emergir na produção artística brasileira e discute-se temas que emergem da exposição: a agência de diretores do museu e da curadoria, e a inserção dos objetos dentro do que James Clifford chamou de “sistema arte-cultura”.
Olhando ao redor
Authors: Luz Thiago , Caroly Andressa
Published: September 2022

Resumo: O presente trabalho, de caráter experimental, busca refletir sobre as relações que humano e não-humanos estabelecem ao longo de suas existências. Para tanto, apresenta uma série de 12 fotografias nas quais pode-se observar diferentes encontros multiespécies ocorridos entre os autores e distintos não-humanos. A ideia central, desse modo, é visibilizar tais encontros que rotineiramente se realizam, mas, frequentemente, são ignorados. Esse ensaio visual busca, também, estabelecer um diálogo com autores e autoras das Ciências Sociais e suas proposições sobre os entrelaçamentos das vidas terrestres de modo a tentar desestabilizar proposições demasiadamente antropocêntricas.

Palavras-chave: estudos multiespécies; relações humano-animal; entrelaçamentos; antropologia.
Universidade e Política na República de Weimar, o caso Norbert Elias
Authors: Charle Christophe
Published: September 2022

Este artigo apresenta o contexto político das três principais universidades onde Elias estudou ou trabalhou no período entreguerras. Cada uma delas apresenta um perfil intelectual e político específico. Mais nacionalista e antissemita em Breslau; mais liberal, mas cada vez mais fortemente engajada à direita em Heidelberg; mais esquerdista e aberta ao marxismo em Frankfurt. A comparação entre fontes objetivas e documentos autobiográficos permite explicar por que Elias estava mais ou menos engajado nos debates nessas universidades. Mostra também como ele censurou posteriormente algumas de suas orientações políticas e reconstruiu um constante retrato apolítico de si mesmo nas entrevistas autobiográficas com o objetivo de desfocar suas próprias hesitações, devido à subestimação dos perigos do antissemitismo radical no início dos anos trinta. A comparação com as orientações de alguns dos seus colegas ou discípulos revela por que ele operou essa memória seletiva do passado.
Postupci za
proglašenje ženidbe nevaljanom pokrenuti na Crkvenom interdijecezanskom sudu u Splitu od 2000. do 2020. god.
Authors: Šparada Gina , Mihalj Dijana
Published: September 2022

Rad se temelji na istraživanju više od 1000 parnica za proglašenje ženidbe nevaljanom pokrenutih na Crkvenom interdijecezanskom sudu u Splitu u razdoblju od 2000. do 2020. godine. U svrhu prikupljanja svih potrebnih informacija za provedbu istraživanja analiziran je urudžbeni zapisnik Suda, te registri svih parnica, uključujući i one u arhivu. Materijali su analizirani pojedinačno i prikupljani su podatci o kanonima po kojima se vodio postupak i godini pokretanja parnice te osobni podatci o strankama, izneseni potom na anoniman i zbirni način. Korištene su metode deskriptivne (opisne) statistike.Rad se sastoji od teoretskog dijela i metodologije, koja uključuje motiv istraživanja, opis korištenog uzorka i kriterija uključenja, materijale, metode i postupke istraživanja te prikaz rezultata, zajedno s raspravom o rezultatima te implikacijama za njihovu praktičnu primjenu.
Биогенные структуры терригенных отложений пограничного пермо-триасового интервала Южного Верхоянья, Республика Саха (Якутия)
Authors:   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Miftakhutdinova D. N. , Kutygin R. V. ,   Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute, SB RAS, Yakutsk
Published: September 2022

The article describes biogenic structures (trace fossils and bioturbation) of clastic rocks within the Permian-Triassic boundary interval in the Tiryakh-Kobyumeh section (Southern Verkhoyanye). The section is built by interbedding marine sandstones and siltstones, and is associated with the Late Permian mass extinction event. Most of the strata contain a variety of biogenic structures. Different taxonomic compositions of trace fossils and high bioturbation of Permian rocks indicate dense habitation of the basin bottom. In the Lower Triassic deposits, diversity of trace fossils sharply decreases as well as the degree of bioturbation. In the lower part of the Nekuchan suite's Triassic deposits, an interval of horizontally stratified rocks without bioturbation interbedded with rocks bioturbated by stratum has been identified. The interval is overlaid with highly bioturbated deposits, which indicates a rapid recovery of biodiversity after the Permian mass extinction.
Термо-ЭДС сульфидов: возможности метода и значение для минералогических исследований (на примере изучения пирита и арсенопирита золоторудных месторождений восточного и южного обрамления Сибирского кратона)
Authors:   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N. A. Shilo, FEB RAS, Magadan, Goryachev N. A. ,   A. P. Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS, Irkutsk, Mishunin V. I. ,   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N. A. Shilo, FEB RAS, Magadan, Goryacheva E. M. ,   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N. A. Shilo, FEB RAS, Magadan, Sotskaya O. T. ,   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N. A. Shilo, FEB RAS, Magadan, Tarasova Yu. I. ,   A. P. Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS, Irkutsk, Budyak A. E. ,   A. P. Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS, Irkutsk
Published: September 2022

On the example of studying the EMF of pyrrhotite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite from gold deposits of the Yana-Kolyma orogenic belt and the Bodaybo synclinorium, using the local determination method for polished sections, it is shown that this parameter for pyrite and arsenopyrite is an important genetic sign of the their origin. Thermoelectric properties of pyrite and arsenopyrite can be used to estimate not only the temperature of their formation but also the temperature parameters of their metamorphism, as well as to characterize the generation of these minerals. The development of local methods for measuring EMF contributes to the possibility of using them for genetic constructions, especially in the study of gold sulfide-impregnated and lode-veinlet mineralization within structures of different-age orogenic belts.
Vegetation Response to Climate Change during the Middle Calabrian in Arctic Chukotka
Authors:   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N. A. Shilo, FEB RAS, Magadan, Lozhkin A. V. , Anderson P. M. ,   Quaternary Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
Published: September 2022

A palynological record obtained from El'gygytgyn Lake sediments, which spans the 1.244-1.304 million years (Ma) interval of the Calabrian Stage, shows repeated changes in the plant communities of Arctic Chukotka. These variations in the vegetation further suggest a dominance of interstadial and interglacial climates. Eight pollen zones were distinguished within this interval. According to the working age model for the composite El'gygytgyn core, these pollen zones correspond to marine oxygen isotope stages (MIS) 40, 39, and 38. The upper boundary of MIS 38 coincides with magnetic event the Cobb Mountain (1.240 Ma), which is one of the main chronological landmarks used in creating the core's chronology. The features of modern pollen-spore spectra obtained from the water-sediment interface within the lake aided in reconstructing both the local and regional paleovegetation. The consistent presence of Larix pollen throughout the 1.244-1.304 Ma interval indicates that even under the severest climatic conditions Larix forest-tundra persisted on the Anadyr Plateau and near El'gygytgyn Lake. This pattern differs sharply from that seen in the Middle and Late Pleistocene when herb-dominated tundra characterized the glacial intervals in the Arctic. The spore-pollen spectra further show that the warmest climatic conditions occurred during MIS 39. The data from the 1.244-1.304 Ma interval represent the last step in completing the Quaternary vegetation history from this unique site in Arctic Siberia.
Анализ особенностей захоронения остатков животных мамонтовой фауны и ископаемой мамонтовой кости
Authors:   Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Yakutsk, Nesterova E. A. , Nikolaeva N. N. ,   Federal Research Centre "The Yakut Scientific Centre of the SB RAS", Yakutsk, Petukhova E. S. ,   Federal Research Centre "The Yakut Scientific Centre of the SB RAS", Yakutsk
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of analyzing characteristics of burying mammoth fauna animal remains. The finds coordinates were linked to the engineering-geological map of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (1:1 500 000). Extensive literary data describing the burials taphonomy are taken into account. It has been found that most of the finds were buried in deposits of small fractions (loess-like loams, sandy loams, sands) characteristic for the edoma (ice complex) providing the unique preservation for bone and soft tissues of animals.
Ультраструктура тегумента метацестоды Branchiopodataenia pacifica (Spassky & Jurpalova, 1968) Bondarenko & Kontrimavichus, 2004 после эксцистирования
Authors:   Institute of Biological Problems of the North, FEB RAS, Magadan, Pospekhova N. A.
Published: September 2022

The first data on the tegument ultrastructure of the Branchiopodataenia pacifica metacestodes after the destruction of the outer non-cellular envelope (exocyst) are presented. The tegument of the larval and definitive parts secretes different morphological types of material: vesicles are characteristic of the cyst, irregularly shaped dense granules are released at the base of the tail appendage, and secretory drops with granular material and vesicles are characteristic of the scolex.