bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social media presence of scholarly journals
Authors: Zheng Han , Aung Htet Htet , Erdt Mojisola , Peng Tai‐Quan , Sesagiri Raamkumar Aravind , Theng Yin‐Leng
Published: November 2018

Recently, social media has become a potentially new way for scholarly journals to disseminate and evaluate research outputs. Scholarly journals have started promoting their research articles to a wide range of audiences via social media platforms. This article aims to investigate the social media presence of scholarly journals across disciplines. We extracted journals from Web of Science and searched for the social media presence of these journals on Facebook and Twitter. Relevant metrics and content relating to the journals' social media accounts were also crawled for data analysis. From our results, the social media presence of scholarly journals lies between 7.1% and 14.2% across disciplines; and it has shown a steady increase in the last decade. The popularity of scholarly journals on social media is distinct across disciplines. Further, we investigated whether social media metrics of journals can predict the Journal Impact Factor (JIF). We found that the number of followers and disciplines have significant effects on the JIF. In addition, a word co‐occurrence network analysis was also conducted to identify popular topics discussed by scholarly journals on social media platforms. Finally, we highlight challenges and issues faced in this study and discuss future research directions.
Simplified Scheme of Search Task Difficulty Reasons
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Li Yuan , Hastings Samantha K.
Published: November 2018

This article reports on a study that aimed at simplifying a search task difficulty reason scheme. Liu, Kim, and Creel (2015) (denoted LKC15) developed a 21‐item search task difficulty reason scheme using a controlled laboratory experiment. The current study simplified the scheme through another experiment that followed the same design as LKC15 and involved 32 university students. The study had one added questionnaire item that provided a list of the 21 difficulty reasons in the multiple‐choice format. By comparing the current study with LKC15, a concept of primary top difficulty reasons was proposed, which reasonably simplified the 21‐item scheme to an 8‐item top reason list. This limited number of reasons is more manageable and makes it feasible for search systems to predict task difficulty reasons from observable user behaviors, which builds the basis for systems to improve user satisfaction based on predicted search difficulty reasons.
Evaluating land use change impacts on rainfall in various categories using the Weather Research and Forecasting‐mosaic approach
Authors: Zhao Deming , Wu Jian
Published: November 2018

To evaluate land use change impacts on rainfall in various categories, satellite‐based images representing land use change between 1980 and 2010 were adopted to perform numerical experiments using the Weather Research and Forecasting regional climate model. The mosaic approach, rather than the dominant approach, was employed to describe the land surface characteristics and their corresponding changes, for which the changes in the land surface physical parameters were closer to the actual values. Changes in rainfall displayed marked subregional characteristics, which could be interpreted by changes in local upward and large‐scale moisture fluxes. Meanwhile, changes in the total rainfall (RCN) in various categories displayed remarkably different characteristics. Among these characteristics, storm and heavy storm rain expressed larger changes (relative values) and displayed stronger sensitivities over semi‐arid subregions. Storm and heavy storm rainfall increased up to 10.5% in the eastern part of northwestern China (NWE) and 13.6% over northeastern China and decreased up to 6.5% over the Tibetan Plateau and 11.9% over NWE. According to changes in the convective (RC) and non‐convective (RN) rainfall, the RCN for both storm and heavy storm rain were influenced by changes not only in the RC, RN, and RCN intensities, but also in the rain areas and number of rain days. The impacts of land use change on the summed RC, RN, and RCN for various categories might be less, whereas changes in the RC, RN, and RCN for individual various categories could be much larger. The rainfall impacts in various categories were higher over the subregions of China compared to China overall or the East Asian land areas, and those impacts demonstrated smaller influences at the regional scale (country‐wide, China) compared to the local scale (subregions of China). Therefore, the impacts of land use change on rainfall in various categories are important for climatic change studies.
An accurate and reproducible method for simultaneous determination of four flavonoids in EtOAc extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. in rat plasma based on UHPLC Q‐Exactive Mass spectrometry: Application to a pharmacokinetics study
Authors: Chen Lei , Zhao Linlin , Cai Wei , Shao Jing , Huang Xiaobin , Liu Yi
Published: November 2018

In previous studies, it was revealed that ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. improved glucose tolerance, reduced hyperglycemia, and restored insulin levels in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to develop an accurate and sensitive UHPLC–MS method for simultaneous determination of flavonoids in EtOAc extracts of Kushen in rat plasma. Ethyl acetate–acetonitrile (2:1) was selected as the solvent to extract the four flavonoids from rat plasma. A BEH C18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) with a C18 guard cartridge was chosen as the separation plant using a gradient elution with acetonitrile (solvent A) and 0.1% formic acid (solvent B) in water. For all four analytes, the method showed good linearity (r2 > 0.991) in 1–500 ng/mL. The inter‐ and intra‐day accuracy ranged from −13.78 to 7.19%, and the precision (RSD) was <8.75%. Recoveries of all four flavonoids ranged from 85.9 to 101.3%. According to the results of multitarget pharmacokinetic studies, four active flavonoids in EtOAc extracts from Kushen have similar absorption kinetics but very different metabolic kinetics, and a double peak phenomenon was observed in the concentration–time curve of norkurarinone, which is different from the previous study. In conclusion, detection and multitarget pharmacokinetic studies successfully determined active flavonoids after oral administration of EtOAc extracts from Kushen by an efficient, sensitive and selective UHPLC–MS method, and the results may provide a foundation for future studies of Kushen.
A New Minimally Invasive Approach for Treating Peri‐Implantitis
Authors: Wilson Thomas G.
Published: November 2018

Introduction

There is concern that peri‐implant bone loss may be associated with a foreign body reaction to cement and/or titanium particles. Previously described treatment approaches aimed at regenerating bone around an implant do not address the removal of these foreign bodies.

Case Presentation

A new videoscope‐assisted minimally invasive approach for bone regeneration is described which is designed to remove any tissue embedded foreign bodies before the placement of bone regenerative material. Following removal of the soft tissue adjacent to the area of bone loss, the defect is filled with demineralized freeze‐dried bone allograft mixed with enamel matrix derivative. The use of the videoscope allows this procedure to be performed using very small incisions. The case presented shows improved clinical and radiographic outcomes.

Conclusion

The method described here allows visualization of implant surfaces and the surrounding tissues, which may improve clinical and radiographic outcomes.
Framing effects of per‐person versus aggregate prices in group meals
Authors: Ku Hsuan‐Hsuan , Hung Ya‐Chun
Published: November 2018

This research draws on regulatory focus theory and applies it to the context of price framing in group meals. Specifically, it examines the possibility that a per‐person framing of price (an aggregate price) may activate a promotion focus (prevention focus) in consumers. The results of five experiments show that participants (a) generated more promotion‐relevant (vs. prevention‐relevant) thoughts, (b) were more inclined to consume the group meal when a persistent focus on promotion (vs. prevention) was exhibited, (c) rated promotion‐focused (vs. prevention‐focused) messages more favorably, and (d) reported a higher intention to opt for an offer where the chance of obtaining a positive goal was enhanced, in response to a per‐person price rather than an aggregate price. Mediation analyses provide additional evidence for the notion that pursuit of promotion goals (prevention goals), which relate to obtaining value (avoiding loss) primed by a per‐person price (an aggregate price), had the effect of regulating one's choices. Managerial implications of the findings are discussed, followed by recommendations for future research.
Tailoring the Surface Structure of Silicon Carbide Support for Copper Catalyzed Ethanol Dehydrogenation
Authors: Li Meng‐Yue , Lu Wen‐Duo , He Lei , Schüth Ferdi , Lu An‐Hui
Published: November 2018

The production of acetaldehyde through biomass‐derived ethanol dehydrogenation is a sustainable alternative compared to the fossil‐feedstock based process, for which Cu‐based catalysts are considered to be the most efficient. Herein, we modified the surface of silicon carbide (SiC) to alter the properties of the interface from SiO2‐rich to C‐rich, and we prepared a series of Cu‐supported catalysts (Cu/SiC, Cu/SiO2/SiC, and Cu/C/SiC) with the aim of insight into the effect of the interface structure and composition on catalytic dehydrogenation of ethanol. At 280 °C, the Cu/SiO2/SiC catalyst exhibits high ethanol conversion due to the excellent dispersion of Cu nanoparticles promoted by SiO2‐rich interface. In contrast, Cu nanoparticles dispersed on C/SiC shows somewhat lower activity but excellent acetaldehyde selectivity with trace amounts of by‐products under identical reaction conditions. This difference is attributed to the fast removal of acetaldehyde because of its low affinity for the relatively inert C‐rich interface (C/SiC). This work provides an in‐depth understanding of Cu−Si−C multi‐interfacial structure and the ethanol dehydrogenation behavior, which may shed light on the design of novel catalysts with tailored interfacial structures.
Iridium(III) Complex‐Based Activatable Probe for Phosphorescent/Time‐Gated Luminescent Sensing and Imaging of Cysteine in Mitochondria of Live Cells and Animals
Authors: Du Zhongbo , Zhang Run , Song Bo , Zhang Wenzhu , Wang Yong‐Lei , Liu Jianping , Liu Chaolong , Xu Zhi Ping , Yuan Jingli
Published: November 2018

This study reports an activatable iridium(III) complex probe for phosphorescence/time‐gated luminescence detection of cysteine (Cys) in vitro and in vivo. The probe, [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) [ppy: 2‐phenylpyridine; NTY‐bpy: 4‐methyl‐4′‐(2‐nitrovinyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine], is developed by incorporating a strong electron‐withdrawing group, nitroolefin, into a bipyridine ligand of the IrIII complex. The luminescence of the probe is quenched owing to the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process, but switched on by a specific recognition reaction between the probe and Cys. [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) shows high sensitivity and selectivity for Cys detection and good biocompatibility. The long‐lived emission of [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) allows time‐gated luminescence analysis of Cys in cells and human sera. These properties make it convenient for the phosphorescence and time‐gated luminescence imaging and flow cytometry analysis of Cys in live samples. The Cys images in cancer cells and inflamed macrophage cells reveal that [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) is distributed in mitochondria after cellular internalization. Visualizations and flow cytometry analysis of mitochondrial Cys levels and Cys‐mediated redox activities of live cells are achieved. By using [Ir(ppy)2(NTY‐bpy)](PF6) as a probe, in vivo sensing and imaging of Cys in D. magna, zebrafish, and mice are then demonstrated.
Response to cardiac resynchronization therapy in non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy is unrelated to medical therapy
Authors: Sinner Gregory , Omar Hesham R. , Lin You W. , Elayi Samy C. , Guglin Maya E.
Published: November 2018

Introduction

Current guidelines recommend at least 3 months of guideline‐directed medical therapy (GDMT) for patients with a new onset of non‐ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) and left bundle branch block (LBBB) prior to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). For patients who do not receive optimal GDMT, response to CRT is unknown.

Methods

Patients with NICM and LBBB with QRS ≥ 120 ms were identified among all patients who underwent CRT. Patients who received GDMT for ≥ 3 months before CRT were compared to those who did not. Among 38 patients who met inclusion criteria, 24 received optimal GDMT prior to implantation (Group 1) and 14 did not (Group 2).

Results

QRS narrowing occurred in Group 1 (160 ± 9 ms to 138 ± 20 ms, P = 0.001) and Group 2 (160 ± 17 ms to 139 ± 30 ms, P = 0.021). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improvement occurred in Group 1 (21.3 ± 5.9% to 34.4 ± 13.9%, P < 0.001) and Group 2 (18.8 ± 4.7% to 31.1 ± 13%, P = 0.010). QRS interval and LVEF changes were similar between groups (P = NS). There was a trend towards greater CRT response in women than in men, although differences did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion

In patients with NICM and LBBB, CRT is associated with improvements in LV size and function independent of prior GDMT. The ability of resynchronization to improve LVEF without GDMT suggests that CRT without waiting 3 months for GDMT optimization may benefit some patients with NICM and LBBB.
Cytopathologic characteristics of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx
Authors: Allison Derek B. , Rooper Lisa M. , Mustafa Sara , Maleki Zahra , Wakely Paul E. , Ali Syed Z.
Published: November 2018

Background

Human papillomavirus (HPV)–related squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) of the oropharynx is an epidemiologically and clinically distinct form of SqCC that is associated with an improved prognosis. However, HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is a rare and newly described variant that is associated with aggressive clinical behavior and poor outcomes. To date, fewer than 2 dozen reports of this entity exist in the literature, and there is no discussion of cytopathologic features. This article reports 6 cases and discusses the salient cytomorphologic findings, ancillary studies, and challenges when this entity is encountered.

Methods

Anatomic pathology archives were searched to identify patients with a diagnosis of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx. Medical records were reviewed to document the following: age, sex, smoking status, other relevant clinical history, primary location, treatment, and clinical outcome. Both p16 and high‐risk HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) studies were positive in at least 1 specimen from each patient. The pathologic diagnoses, cytomorphologic characteristics, immunocytochemical stains, and HPV ISH studies were reviewed and recorded for all available cases.

Results

Six patients with 11 cytopathology specimens of HPV‐related small cell carcinoma of the oropharynx were identified. The mean age was 61.3 years, and all patients died with widely metastatic disease (mean, 23 months; range, 12‐48 months). Mixed small cell carcinoma and SqCC components were present in half of the cases.

Conclusions

The identification of a small cell component can be reliably performed with cytology preparations and is crucial because this (and not the HPV status) determines the prognosis.
IL‐37: An anti‐inflammatory cytokine with antitumor functions
Authors: Mei Yu , Liu Haiyan
Published: November 2018

Background

IL‐37 is a newly identified IL‐1 family cytokine. Unlike other members in IL‐1 family, IL‐37 has been demonstrated to be an anti‐inflammatory cytokine in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. IL‐37 is regarded as a dual‐function cytokine as both the extracellular and intracellular IL‐37 are biologically functional. Extracellular IL‐37 can bind to IL‐18Rα and IL‐1R8 to form a triple complex, regulating the downstream STAT3 and PTEN signaling. Intracellular IL‐37 can interact with Smad3, translocate into nucleus, and regulate downstream target gene expressions. Recently, the role of IL‐37 in tumor development has been extensively studied.

Recent findings

IL‐37 has been found to play an antitumor role in various types of tumors, such as non‐small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Many mechanism studies have been carried out to elaborate the possible effects of IL‐37 on tumor growth, immune responses, and tumor angiogenesis. More importantly, the function of IL‐37 may be dependent on its concentration and receptor expression. It can form dimers at high concentrations to be inactivated, thus inhibiting its anti‐inflammatory function. We focused on the role of IL‐37 in various tumor types and provided the hypothesis regarding the underlying mechanisms.

Conclusion

IL‐37 may affect tumor development through multiple mechanisms: (1) IL‐37 directly influences tumor cell viability; (2) IL‐37 regulates the immune response to promote the antitumor immunity; and (3) IL‐37 suppresses tumor angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the mechanisms of these multifaceted functions of IL‐37 in animal models and cancer patients.
Hue and warm‐cool feeling as the visual resemblance criteria for iso‐CCT judgment
Authors: Oh Semin , KWAK Youngshin
Published: November 2018

The hue perception and ‘warm‐cool’ feelings were investigated, in response to various lighting settings, following the adaptation to either 3500K or 5000K to compare which one—between conventional iso‐Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) and a new one based on CIE u'v′ color space—is more compatible with the visual perception. Twenty participants evaluated hue and warm‐cool feelings for 48 test lighting settings, by observing an empty gray booth. The results showed that yellow‐blue and ‘warm‐cool’ feelings are closely located around the Planckian locus, while red‐green roughly follows the line orthogonal to the Planckian locus in CIE u'v′ color space, at both 3500 K and 5000 K settings. This suggests that u'v′ color space correlates better with human perception.
BODIPY‐Based Semiconducting Materials for Organic Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaics and Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Ho Dongil , Ozdemir Resul , Kim Hyungsug , Earmme Taeshik , Usta Hakan , Kim Choongik
Published: November 2018

The rapid emergence of organic (opto)electronics as a promising alternative to conventional (opto)electronics has been achieved through the design and development of novel π‐conjugated systems. Among various semiconducting structural platforms, 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) π‐systems have recently attracted attention for use in organic thin‐films transistors (OTFTs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). This Review article provides an overview of the developments in the past 10 years on the structural design and synthesis of BODIPY‐based organic semiconductors and their application in OTFT/OPV devices. The findings summarized and discussed here include the most recent breakthroughs in BODIPYs with record‐high charge carrier mobilities and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). The most up‐to‐date design rationales and discussions providing a strong understanding of structure‐property‐function relationships in BODIPY‐based semiconductors are presented. Thus, this review is expected to inspire new research for future materials developments/applications in this family of molecules.
Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the management of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis: Review of our experience
Authors: Fernández Aceñero Mª Jesús , Caso Viesca Ana , Díaz del Arco Cristina
Published: November 2018

Introduction

In the 19th century Virchow described that metastasis to left supraclavicular lymph nodes (SLN) could originate in neoplasms located under the diaphragm. In the same way, right SLN metastasis are usually thought to arise from thoracic neoplasms. Our aims are to review our experience with metastatic SLN diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and to discuss the location of the primary in these cases.

Methods

We have reviewed all lymph node FNACs diagnosed in a single tertiary hospital between 2010 and 2017 and we have included all cases of metastatic SLN.

Results

We have found 57 cases of SLN FNAC with a diagnosis of malignancy, 39 of which had no previous diagnosis (17 left, 20 right and 2 bilateral SLN). The most frequent diagnosis were adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma. Right and bilateral SLN showed mainly lung metastasis. Left lesions were more widely distributed, with 11 originating in the lung, followed by the breast, gastroesophageal junction and prostate gland. In two cases, the primary origin was not identified. In SLN with metastasis of a known origin, the main source of the tumor was again the lung and only one case originated in the stomach (left SLN metastasis).

Conclusions

The origin of SLN metastasis seems to be dependent on both the frequency of tumor types in each geographic area and tumor location. Left SLN are more frequently involved by infradiaphragmatic primary tumors, while right SLN are exclusively involved by supradiaphragmatic neoplasms.
Male courtship preference during seasonal sympatry may maintain population divergence
Authors: Kimmitt Abigail A. , Dietz Samantha L. , Reichard Dustin G. , Ketterson Ellen D.
Published: November 2018

Animal migration can lead to a population distribution known as seasonal sympatry, in which closely‐related migrant and resident populations of the same species co‐occur in sympatry during part of the year, but are otherwise allopatric. During seasonal sympatry in early spring, residents may initiate reproduction before migrants depart, presenting an opportunity for gene flow. Differences in reproductive timing between migrant and resident populations may favor residents that exhibit preferences for potential mates of similar migratory behavior and reproductive timing, thus maintaining population divergence. We studied dark‐eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis), a songbird that exhibits seasonal sympatry. We conducted simulated courtship interactions in which we presented free‐living resident males with either a caged migrant or resident female and quantified courtship behavior prior to the departure of the migrants. We found that resident males preferred to court resident females: they sang more short‐range songs and exhibited more visual displays associated with courtship when presented with resident females. We conclude that males distinguish between migrant and resident females during seasonal sympatry when the risk of interacting with non‐reproductive, migrant females is high. Male mate choice in seasonal sympatry is likely adaptive for male reproductive success. As a secondary effect, male mating preference could act to maintain or promote divergence between populations that differ in migratory strategy.
JNK2 modulates the CD1d‐dependent and ‐independent activation of iNKT cells
Authors: Liu Jianyun , Gallo Richard M. , Khan Masood A. , Iyer Abhirami K. , Kratzke Ian M. , Brutkiewicz Randy R.
Published: November 2018

Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells play critical roles in autoimmune, anti‐tumor, and anti‐microbial immune responses, and are activated by glycolipids presented by the MHC class I‐like molecule, CD1d. How the activation of signaling pathways impacts antigen (Ag)‐dependent iNKT cell activation is not well‐known. In the current study, we found that the MAPK JNK2 not only negatively regulates CD1d‐mediated Ag presentation in APCs, but also contributes to CD1d‐independent iNKT cell activation. A deficiency in the JNK2 (but not JNK1) isoform enhanced Ag presentation by CD1d. Using a vaccinia virus (VV) infection model known to cause a loss in iNKT cells in a CD1d‐independent, but IL‐12‐dependent manner, we found the virus‐induced loss of iNKT cells in JNK2 KO mice was substantially lower than that observed in JNK1 KO or wild‐type (WT) mice. Importantly, compared to WT mice, JNK2 KO mouse iNKT cells were found to express less surface IL‐12 receptors. As with a VV infection, an IL‐12 injection also resulted in a smaller decrease in JNK2 KO iNKT cells as compared to WT mice. Overall, our work strongly suggests JNK2 is a negative regulator of CD1d‐mediated Ag presentation and contributes to IL‐12‐induced iNKT cell activation and loss during viral infections.
Electrochemical Study of DPPH Incorporated in Carbon Paste Electrode as Potential Tool for Antioxidant Properties Determination
Authors: Djitieu Deutchoua Arlette Danelle , Ngueumaleu Yannick , Kenne Dedzo Gustave , Kenfack Tonle Ignas , Ngameni Emmanuel
Published: November 2018

The electrochemical behaviour of 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) incorporated in a carbon paste electrode (CPE/DPPH1 %) was studied. Two electrochemical systems assigned to the free‐radical were perfectly defined, including System I where DPPH acts as reducing agent and System II where it acts as an oxidant. Although System II was reversible and remains stable after several consecutive potential scans, System I shows high peak current ratio (Ipa/Ipc=1.4) and a significant decrease in signal intensity when performing consecutive potentials scans. This phenomenon was due to the chemical reaction of the oxidized DPPH and the hydroxide ions present at the vicinity of the electrode surface. This new compound formed was responsible of a new system (System III). Systems II and III were highly pH‐dependent, in agreement with the proton exchange involved in these electrochemical transformations. When experiments were performed in the presence of ascorbic acid (AAH2), only System I was found to be ideal for monitoring the antioxidant activity of AAH2. System I clearly shows a linear dependency between the peak currents of DPPH as a function of AAH2 concentration. This linear response was used to determine the IC50 of ascorbic acid (0.56 μM) in the described experimental condition. This effect was confirmed when controlled amount of tea extracts were used instead of AAH2, confirming the efficiency of CPE/DPPH1 % for the electrochemical evaluation of antioxidant properties.
Zero‐valent Iron Nanoparticles Modified Screen‐printed Electrode for FIA or HPLC Amperometric Detection of Metronidazole in Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Sanchez Cesar A. , Rodríguez Jose A. , Paez‐Hernandez M. Elena , Santos Eva M. , Castrillejo Yolanda
Published: November 2018

A zero‐valent iron nanoparticles modified electrode was employed as an amperometric detector in flow conditions to determine metronidazole and 2‐methyl‐5‐nitroimidazole in pharmaceutical formulations. Flow injection analysis at −0.6 V (vs. Ag) achieved limits of detection of 2 and 6 μM for metronidazole and 2‐methyl‐5‐nitroimidazole, respectively, but the analysis was not discriminative between the two compounds. When reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography was applied previous to the electrochemical detection both analytes could be analysed simultaneously. However, the limits of detection slightly increased (10 μM) as a consequence of the use of an organic solvent and a lower sample volume. The relative standard deviation of analytical repeatability was <4.0 % in both techniques. The methods were validated by comparing the results obtained from the analysis of commercial samples with those provided by HPLC‐DAD and no significant differences were detected. Results probed that the modified electrode was a successful tool in the FIA and HPLC analysis of nitro compounds.
A longitudinal study on the association between facets of mindfulness and eating disorder symptoms in individuals diagnosed with eating disorders
Authors: Sala Margarita , Vanzhula Irina A. , Levinson Cheri A.
Published: November 2018

Mindfulness‐based treatments for eating disorders could be improved by understanding how facets of mindfulness predict eating disorder symptoms over time. We examined whether facets of mindfulness predict eating disorder symptoms over time and vice versa. Individuals with an eating disorder diagnosis (N = 124; 87.9% diagnosed with anorexia nervosa) and an undergraduate sample (N = 290) completed measures of mindfulness at baseline. The clinical sample also completed these measures 1 month later. Individuals in the clinical sample had lower acting with awareness and higher observing than individuals in the undergraduate sample (ps < 0.002). In the clinical sample, higher body dissatisfaction prospectively predicted lower acting with awareness (p = 0.02). Lower acting with awareness prospectively predicted higher drive for thinness (p < 0.01) and bulimic symptoms (p < 0.01). Acting with awareness shows potential as a process that can be altered to effect positive outcomes on drive for thinness and bulimic symptoms.
CLPTM1L/CRR9 ectodomain interaction with GRP78 at the cell surface signals for survival and chemoresistance upon ER stress in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Clarke William R. , Amundadottir Laufey , James Michael A.
Published: November 2018

Altered regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis has been implicated in many cancers and has recently become a therapeutic and chemosensitization target of interest. We have identified Cleft Lip and Palate Transmembrane 1‐Like (CLPTM1L)/Cisplatin Resistance Related Protein 9 (CRR9) as an ER stress related mediator of cytoprotection in pancreatic cancer. We recently demonstrated that CLPTM1L is highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and associated with poor outcome. Furthermore, we have discovered that CLPTM1L interacts with phosphoinositol‐3‐kinase‐alpha at the tumor cell surface and causes up‐regulation of Bcl‐xL and pAkt mediated survival signaling. Here, we demonstrate surface relocalization and survival signaling by CLPTM1L triggered by endoplasmic reticular (ER) stress. We demonstrate the interaction of CLPTM1L with the central ER stress survival mediator, Glucose Regulated Protein 78 (GRP78)/Binding Immunoglobulin Protein (BiP) and PI3K‐alpha /p110α. This interaction and surface relocalization of CLPTM1L and GRP78 is induced by ER stress, including that caused by treatment with gemcitabine. We demonstrate that the extracellular loop of CLPTM1L is required for gemcitabine resistance and interaction with GRP78. This interaction and the chemoresistance effect conferred by this pathway is targetable with our recently developed inhibitory CLPTM1L antibodies, which may represent novel modalities of chemosensitization and treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Anchorage independent growth, GRP78‐mediated chemoresistance, and Akt phosphorylation were abrogated by inhibition of CLPTM1L. These findings demonstrate a novel and potentially targetable mechanism of cytoprotection and chemoresistance in pancreatic tumors.
Evaluation of Different Irrigation Treatments with Saline Water in a Future Climate in Tunisia
Authors: Selim Tarek , Karlsson Linus , Bouksila Fethi , Ben Slimane Abir , Persson Magnus
Published: November 2018

Water scarcity and salinization of arable land in Tunisia are forcing the largest water user, the irrigation sector, to modernize and increase its efficiency. This study evaluated the impact of deficit irrigation with saline water in a sandy loam soil cultivated with potatoes in northern Tunisia. The evaluation considered soil salinization and irrigation water productivity in a changing climate by feeding a calibrated model in HYDRUS‐2D/3D with season‐long weather scenarios from one current and two future climate periods. Future weather scenarios were produced by statistically downscaling results from a regional climate model run with two greenhouse gas emission scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). Results showed an increase in salt accumulation over the growing season and a potential decrease in crop yield for RCP8.5. RCP2.6 did not, however, result in any significant changes in salt accumulation or crop yield. Even with saline irrigation water, the use of drip technology resulted in a general leaching of salts from the root zone. This was slightly less apparent during deficit irrigation. However, irrigation water productivity was still higher during deficit irrigation than during full irrigation. Deficit irrigation could thus be profitable but long‐term effects should be addressed before making final recommendations. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antimicrobial strategies for urinary catheters
Authors: Zhu Zhiling , Wang Ziping , Li Siheng , Yuan Xun
Published: November 2018

Over 75% of hospital‐acquired or nosocomial urinary tract infections are initiated by urinary catheters, which are used during the treatment of 16% of hospitalized patients. Taking the United States as an example, the costs of catheter‐associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are in excess of $451 million dollars/year. The biofilm formation by pathogenic microbes that protects pathogens from host immune defense and antimicrobial agents is the leading cause for CAUTI. Thus, tremendous efforts have been devoted to antimicrobial coating for urinary catheters in the past few decades, and it has been demonstrated to be one of the most direct and efficient strategies to reduce infections. In this article, we briefly summarize the current methods for preparation of antimicrobial coatings based on different stages in the biofilm formation, highlight recent progress in the urinary catheter coating material design and selection, discuss approaches to improving their long‐term antimicrobial efficacy, biocompatibility, multidrug resistance and recurrent infections, and finally outline future requirements and prospects in antimicrobial coating material design. The scope of the works surveyed is confined to antimicrobial urinary catheters. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 445–467, 2019.
A review on computational fluid dynamic simulation for rotating packed beds
Authors: Yang Yu‐Cheng , Ouyang Yi , Zhang Na , Yu Qing‐Jie , Arowo Moses
Published: November 2018

A rotating packed bed (RPB) is one of the cutting‐edge process intensification technologies due to its high mass transfer and mixing efficiency. Nevertheless, owing to the complex structure and hydrodynamic characteristics of RPBs, valuable data inside the reactor is hard to obtain by conventional experimental methods. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) owing to its unique advantages of low cost, completeness of data and ability to simulate real and ideal conditions, has been adopted by many researchers to carry out fundamental research and practical application of RPBs in recent years. This paper therefore elaborates on the research progress on CFD simulation of RPBs. The building of a physical model of these reactors as well as selection of mathematical models are described, then applicability and accuracy of these models are compared and discussed. Simulation results for gas and multiphase flow in reactors are also presented. Additionally, the application of CFD to mixing and mass transfer between phases and processes in rotating packed beds is introduced. Optimum designs of reactors by the CFD method are also described. Finally, problems remaining with CFD simulation of rotating packed beds and future development directions are discussed. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of a headspace solid‐phase microextraction–surface‐enhanced Raman scattering approach to detect volatile pesticides
Authors: Wang Chunrong , Zhang Zhiyun , He Lili
Published: November 2018

By coupling headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) with surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), a facile and rapid method was developed for the detection of organophosphorus insecticides (phorate and isocarbophos) and organic sulfur bactericide (ferbam) in the vapour phase. Two types of SPME fibres based on stainless steel wires coated with gold (Au) nanoparticles were prepared. The fibre (Fibre II) prepared by an etching approach showed better sensitivity than did the fibre (Fibre I) prepared using a layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly method. The Raman spectra of phorate, isocarbophos, and ferbam obtained from Fibre II showed stronger and clearer characteristic peaks compared with those from Fibre I, at 634, 1,043, and 1,380 cm−1, respectively. It was found that the Raman intensity of phorate adsorbed on the Fibre II was nearly three times as high as that on Fibre I at 634 cm−1, whereas the Raman intensity of isocarbophos was around 10 times at 1,043 cm−1 and ferbam was approximately four times at 1,380 cm−1. Using Fibre II, we were able to detect vapour‐phase phorate, isocarbophos, and ferbam at concentrations as low as 0.02, 0.02, and 0.05 ppm, respectively, as well as their mixture. This approach can be simply extended to detect a wide range of volatile organic compounds and shows potential as an easier and faster alternative to gas chromatography methods for studying volatile chemicals in some cases.
Medialization laryngoplasty/arytenoid adduction: U.S. outcomes, discharge status, and utilization trends
Authors: Ekbom Dale C. , Orbelo Diana M. , Sangaralingham Lindsey R. , Mwangi Raphael , Van Houten Holly K. , Balakrishnan Karthik
Published: November 2018

Objectives/Hypothesis

To evaluate trends, outcomes, and healthcare utilization following medialization laryngoplasty (ML) with or without arytenoid adduction (AA) over 10 years.

Study Design

Retrospective observational study.

Methods

Using OptumLabs Data Warehouse, trends, outcomes, and healthcare utilization from 2006 to 2015 were examined with a focus on discharge type (same day or not). Predictors of postoperative emergency department (ED) use and hospitalization were determined by multivariable logistic regression.

Results

Overall rate of ML was 1.09 per 100 thousand enrollees per year. Of these, 7.8% ML were combined with an AA. Outpatient same‐day discharge represented 62.0% (1,142 of 1,843) of total patients, steadily increasing over the 10‐year period (P < 0.01). There was a 5.9% revision ML rate and 1.0% rate of tracheotomy within 1 day of ML. A total of 5.6% visited an ED, and 5.4% were admitted to a hospital following initial discharge within 30 days. Same‐day discharge was found to be a predictor of hospitalization within 30 days after ML (odds ratio [OR] 1.74, P = 0.0452), along with Elixhauser comorbidity index of 4 + (OR 5.74, P = 0.0001). Pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension, and weight loss were top predictors of ED visit or hospitalization.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the first search evaluating national claims data for ML with or without AA. Overall rate of ML is low, and same‐day discharge has become more common over a 10‐year period, with an associated higher 30‐day hospital admission risk. Correct patient selection criteria for disposition status cannot be fully determined based on current data, but a high Elixhauser comorbidity index clearly carries increased risk for hospitalization after initial discharge.

Level of Evidence

4 Laryngoscope, 129:952–960, 2019
Galvanic corrosion in marine environments: Effects associated with the inversion of polarity of Zn/carbon steel couples
Authors: Refait Philippe , Jeannin Marc , François Emilie , Sabot René , Grolleau Anne‐Marie
Published: November 2018

This article focuses on the corrosion processes resulting from the galvanic coupling between an unprotected carbon steel coupon and a “passivated” Zn‐coated carbon steel coupon. Monitoring of the galvanic current showed that the galvanized steel coupon acted as cathode, which confirmed the inversion of polarity due to Zn passivation. However, it remained cathode for only 6 months and behave as anode for the rest of the experiment (i.e., 5 years). At the end of the experiment, both coupons presented localized degradation. The local corrosion rates were estimated by residual thickness measurements. The highest (200 μm/year) was measured on the more corroded parts of the galvanized steel coupon, while the lowest (13 μm/year) corresponded to the cathodic zones of the same coupon, covered by passivated zinc. The phenomena could be interpreted via the thorough analysis of the corrosion product layers by X‐ray diffraction and μ‐Raman spectroscopy as the composition of these layers depended on the anodic/cathodic character and intensity of the metal surface underneath.
The number of limit cycles bifurcating from the periodic orbits of an isochronous center
Authors: Bey Meryem , Badi Sabrina , Fernane Khairedine , Makhlouf Amar
Published: November 2018

This paper concerns the bifurcation of limit cycles for a quartic system with an isochronous center. By using the averaging theory, it shows that under any small quintic homogeneous perturbations, at most 14 limit cycles birfucate from the period annulus of the considered system.
High‐gain patch antenna for cubesat‐based automatic dependent surveillance‐broadcast application
Authors: Liu Wen‐Chung , Tang Tzu‐Yi
Published: November 2018

A multilayer patch antenna with high gain when operating in the automatic dependent surveillance‐broadcast (ADS‐B) band is designed for cubesat application. The antenna comprising a slotted‐patch radiator, a defected ground, and dual reflectors has a compact size of 80 × 80 × 8.76 mm3 for suitably placing into a cubesat. By properly embedding slots into the patch elements of the antenna, directional radiation pattern with gain of 6.98 dBi at 1.090 GHz and an impedance bandwidth of 17 MHz (1.087‐1.104 GHz) can be achieved for the ADS‐B signal receiving. Validation is done by fabrication and measurement of the antenna prototype and shows good agreement between simulation and measurement.
An 80‐100 GHz VCO using auxiliary cross‐coupled pair and push‐push topology in 0.18‐μm CMOS
Authors: Huang Jui‐Chi , Wang Sen , Tsai Ting‐Yi
Published: November 2018

This letter presents a wide‐tuning‐range CMOS VCO using auxiliary cross‐coupled pair and push‐push topology at W‐band. The auxiliary cross‐coupled pair parallel with the novel push‐push VCO not only compensates resistive losses but also achieves a wide frequency tuning range. The VCO implemented by a standard 0.18‐μm CMOS process consumes a dc power of 36.7 mW with the supply voltage of 1.8 V. The measured output power is −28 dBm from 80.2 GHz to 99.6 GHz. That is, the VCO exhibits a frequency tuning range of 21.7%. The resulting phase noise is −94.6 dBc/Hz at 10 MHz offset frequency and the figure of merit with tuning range (FOMT) is −165.6 dBc/Hz.
A coupled‐fed dual‐band impedance matching network for small long‐term evolution smartphone antennas
Authors: Wu Duo‐Long , Li Jian‐Feng , Wu Yan Jie
Published: November 2018

A coupled‐fed dual‐band impedance matching network is presented for the small antennas in long‐term evolution (LTE) smartphones. The impedance matching network consists of two distributed capacitors and two distributed inductors, also functioning as a coupled‐fed structure to feed the planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA). An equivalent circuit of the impedance matching network is presented to reveal the mechanism of the impedance matching enhancement of the PIFA and the generation of an additional resonant mode operating at the lower band around 720 MHz. Both simulated and measured results show that the printed PIFA with the volume of 50 × 13.5 × 1.6 mm3 achieves the total antenna efficiency larger than 70% over the two operating bands of 690‐1088 MHz and 1690‐2500 MHz for |S11| ≤ ‐10 dB.
“I actually just really need to stop work sometimes”: Exploring fatigue‐related barriers to employment among people with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Helme Caitlin , Hegarty Roisin S.M. , Stebbings Simon , Treharne Gareth J.
Published: November 2018

Purpose

Fatigue is a common symptom of many rheumatic diseases (RDs), but more research is needed to explore the experience of fatigue and its impact on employment among people with RDs. The aim of the present study was to investigate experiences of fatigue, its impact on employment and strategies that people with RD use to continue working.

Method

Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted with five participants with a range of RDs living in New Zealand (three women, two men; aged 45–64 years). All participants were employed part time at the time of the interview. The transcripts were subjected to inductive thematic analysis, led by the first author, who had an RD.

Results

Four themes resulted from the analysis: (a) workplace management and coping strategies; (b) the function of positive workplace relationships; (c) barriers to understanding; and (d) collectively improving understanding. These themes act to explain how individuals with RDs in employment believe fatigue to have a bearing on their work, how they manage fatigue at work, how they believe coworkers and employers perceive and manage their fatigue, and what they believe could improve the understanding of fatigue in workplaces.

Conclusions

Individuals with RDs in employment describe fatigue as playing a substantial role in their experiences at work. This research expands on previous literature addressing barriers to employment in those with RDs by specifically addressing the relevance of fatigue. It is imperative to provide information to employers, and guidelines for employees with an RD who are experiencing fatigue should outline appropriate strategies for success at work.
Callers' perceptions of their contact with a rheumatology telephone helpline
Authors: Arvidsson Susann , Nylander Maria L. , Bergman Stefan
Published: November 2018

Background

Telephone helplines are useful for improving patients' access to healthcare services and reducing the need for frequent face‐to‐face contact with healthcare professionals. Little is known about how people who phone a helpline perceive the encounter.

Objectives

The aims of the present study were to describe the variation in how callers perceive their encounter with a rheumatology telephone helpline.

Methods

The study had a descriptive, qualitative design and used a phenomenographic approach, comprising 27 semi‐structured telephone interviews with callers to Rheuma Direct, a rheumatology telephone helpline with specially trained nurses. The callers comprised 22 women and five men, aged 22–89 years (mean 54 years).

Results

The callers phoned Rheuma Direct when they had problems obtaining answers to questions on the internet or from healthcare professionals. Three descriptive categories emerged: constructive dialogue, specialized competence and applicability. The callers perceived that it was a constructive dialogue when they were able to discuss their concerns with someone, received emotional support, felt reassured and were satisfied with the information provided. They perceived specialized competence when the nurses were experienced and skilful, the advice provided complemented previously received information and when they had more knowledge after the call. The callers perceived that Rheuma Direct had applicability because it was easy to access and they could make different choices before, during and after the telephone call.

Conclusions

Callers to a rheumatology telephone helpline perceived it as a valuable complement to other sources of information, and felt that it could provide them with the tools to manage their disease better, as well as future contacts with healthcare professionals.