bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of mesopores in Co/ZSM-5 for the direct synthesis of liquid fuel by Fischer–Tropsch synthesis
Authors: Min Ji-Eun , Kim Sungtak , Kwak Geunjae , Kim Yong Tae , Han Seung Ju , Lee Yunjo , Jun Ki-Won , Kim Seok Ki
Published: October 2018

In a complex reaction system, in which gas, liquid, and solid catalysts work together, understanding the impact of mass transfer that varies with the catalyst pore structure is very challenging but also essential to designing selective catalysts.
Cyclometallation of a germylene ligand by concerted metalation–deprotonation of a methyl group
Authors: Bakthavachalam K. , Dutta Sayan , C. Arivazhagan , Raghavendra Beesam , Haridas Anagha , Sen Sakya S. , Koley Debasis , Ghosh Sundargopal
Published: October 2018

Treatment of [(Dipp)NCMeCHCOMeGeN(SiMe3)2] with [Rh2Cl2(μ-Cl)2(η5-Cp*)2] and [Ir2Cl2(μ-Cl)2(η5-Cp*)2] led to cyclometallated complexes of Rh and Ir with deprotonation from the CH3 group in the germylene ligand.
Formation of ZnCo2O4@MnO2 core–shell electrode materials for hybrid supercapacitor
Authors: Jia Xinxu , Wu Xiang , Liu Baodan
Published: October 2018

In this work, ZnCo2O4@MnO2 core–shell structures are successfully prepared on nickel foam by a simple hydrothermal approach.
Ubiquinol is superior to ubiquinone to enhance Coenzyme Q10 status in older men
Authors: Zhang Ying , Liu Jin , Chen Xiao-qiang , Oliver Chen C.-Y.
Published: October 2018

Ubiquinol is a better form than ubiquinone to maintain the CoQ10 status in older adults.
A colon-specific delivery system for quercetin with enhanced cancer prevention based on co-axial electrospinning
Authors: Wen Peng , Hu Teng-Gen , Li Lin , Zong Min-Hua , Wu Hong
Published: October 2018

The compounds of quercetin and prebiotics were encapsulated for colon cancer prevention.
A 6-week supplementation with grape pomace to subjects at cardiometabolic risk ameliorates insulin sensitivity, without affecting other metabolic syndrome markers
Authors: Martínez-Maqueda Daniel , Zapatera Belén , Gallego-Narbón Angélica , Vaquero M. Pilar , Saura-Calixto Fulgencio , Pérez-Jiménez Jara
Published: October 2018

Cardiometabolic effects of supplementation in a clinical trial with dried grape pomace at a realistic dose, a product rich in less-studied non-extractable polyphenols.
Bioactive polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum perforatum
Authors: Guo Yi , Zhang Na , Sun Weiguang , Duan Xueyan , Zhang Qing , Zhou Qun , Chen Chunmei , Zhu Hucheng , Luo Zengwei , Liu Junjun , Li Xiao-Nian , Xue Yongbo , Zhang Yonghui
Published: October 2018

Fifteen new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols with dual-targeted inhibitory activities for Alzheimer's disease, were isolated from Hypericum perforatum.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of long non-coding RNAs responsive toDickeya zeaein rice
Authors: Li Wen Qi , Jia Yu Lin , Liu Feng Quan , Wang Fang Quan , Fan Fang Jun , Wang Jun , Zhu Jin Yan , Xu Yang , Zhong Wei Gong , Yang Jie
Published: October 2018

Plant long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of newly emerging epigenetic regulator playing a critical role in plant growth, development, and biotic stress responses.
Theophylline-bearing microspheres with dual features as a coordinative adsorbent and catalytic support for palladium ions
Authors: Kaikake Katsuya , Takada Masafumi , Soma Daiki , Jin Ren-Hua
Published: October 2018

Sub 5 micrometer sized polystyrenic microspheres bearing theophylline residues were synthesized and used as adsorbent and catalytic support for palladium ions.
The effect of metallicity on Cepheid period-luminosity relations from a Baade-Wesselink analysis of Cepheids in the Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds
Authors: Gieren W. , Storm J. , Konorski P. , Górski M. , Pilecki B. , Thompson I. , Pietrzyński G. , Graczyk D. , Barnes T. G. , Fouqué P. , Nardetto N. , Gallenne A. , Karczmarek P. , Suchomska K. , Wielgórski P. , Taormina M. , Zgirski B.
Published: October 2018

Context. The extragalactic distance scale builds on the Cepheid period-luminosity (PL) relation. Decades of work have not yet convincingly established the sensitivity of the PL relation to metallicity. This currently prevents a determination of the Hubble constant accurate to 1% from the classical Cepheid-SN Ia method.

Aims. In this paper we carry out a strictly differential comparison of the absolute PL relations obeyed by classical Cepheids in the Milky Way (MW), LMC, and SMC galaxies. Taking advantage of the substantial metallicity difference among the Cepheid populations in these three galaxies, we want to establish a possible systematic trend of the PL relation absolute zero point as a function of metallicity, and to determine the size of such an effect in the optical and near-infrared photometric bands.

Methods. We used a IRSB Baade-Wesselink-type method to determine individual distances to the Cepheids in our samples in the MW, LMC, and SMC. For our analysis, we used a greatly enhanced sample of Cepheids in the SMC (31 stars) compared to the small sample (5 stars) available in our previous work. We used the distances to determine absolute Cepheid PL relations in the optical and near-infrared bands in each of the three galaxies.

Results. Our distance analysis of 31 SMC Cepheids with periods of 4–69 days yields tight PL relations in all studied bands, with slopes consistent with the corresponding LMC and MW relations. Adopting the very accurately determined LMC slopes for the optical and near-infrared bands, we determine the zero point offsets between the corresponding absolute PL relations in the three galaxies.

Conclusions. We find that in all bands the metal-poor SMC Cepheids are intrinsically fainter than their more metal-rich counterparts in the LMC and MW. In the K band the metallicity effect is −0.23 ± 0.06 mag dex−1, while in the V, (V − I) Wesenheit index it is slightly stronger, −0.34 ± 0.06 mag dex−1. We find suggestive evidence that the metallicity sensitivity of the PL relation might be nonlinear, being small in the range between solar and LMC Cepheid metallicity, and becoming steeper towards the lower-metallicity regime.
BGM FASt: Besançon Galaxy Model for big data
Authors: Mor R. , Robin A. C. , Figueras F. , Antoja T.
Published: October 2018

Aims. We develop a new theoretical framework to generate Besançon Galaxy Model Fast Approximate Simulations (BGM FASt) to address fundamental questions of the Galactic structure and evolution performing multi-parameter inference. As a first application of our strategy we simultaneously infer the initial-mass function (IMF), the star formation history and the stellar mass density in the solar neighbourhood.

Methods. The BGM FASt strategy is based on a reweighing scheme, that uses a specific pre-sampled simulation, and on the assumption that the distribution function of the generated stars in the Galaxy can be described by an analytical expression. To evaluate the performance of our strategy we execute a set of validation tests. Finally, we use BGM FASt together with an approximate Bayesian computation algorithm to obtain the posterior probability distribution function of the inferred parameters, by automatically comparing synthetic versus Tycho-2 colour-magnitude diagrams.

Results. The validation tests show a very good agreement between equivalent simulations performed with BGM FASt and the standard BGM code, with BGM FASt being ∼104 times faster. From the analysis of the Tycho-2 data we obtain a thin-disc star formation history decreasing in time and a present rate of 1.2 ± 0.2 M
⊙ yr−1. The resulting total stellar volume mass density in the solar neighbourhood is 0.051−0.005+0.002 M⊙ pc−3 and the local dark matter density is 0.012 ± 0.001 M
⊙ pc−3. For the composite IMF, we obtain a slope of α2 = 2.1−0.3+0.1 in the mass range between 0.5 M⊙ and 1.53 M⊙. The results of the slope at the high-mass range are trustable up to 4 M⊙ and highly dependent on the choice of extinction map (obtaining α3 = 2.9−0.2+0.2 and α3 = 3.7−0.2+0.2, respectively, for two different extinction maps). Systematic uncertainties coming from model assumptions are not included.

Conclusions. The good performance of BGM FASt demonstrates that it is a very valuable tool to perform multi-parameter inference using Gaia data releases.
Dynamic Response of Solar Power Satellite Considering Solar Radiation Pressure
Authors: Xu Fangnuan , Deng Zichen , Wang Bo , Wei Yi , Li Qingjun
Published: October 2018

The attitude and structural vibration of tethered solar power satellite were studied considering solar radiation pressure. Firstly, the simplified model of tethered solar power satellite was established. The solar panel was modeled as an Euler-Bernoulli Beam, the bus was modeled as a particle, and the tethers were modeled as massless springs. The equations of motion were derived based on absolute nodal coordinate formulation and Hamilton’s principle. Then, Symplectic Runge-Kutta method was adopted to solve the differential equations. The proposed model and numerical algorithm were validated through a numerical example. Finally, numerical simulations were carried out. Simulation results showed that solar radiation pressure as well as structural vibration cause small fluctuation of the attitude angle. Moreover, the effect of solar radiation pressure on structural vibration can be neglected.
Design of the Nonlinear Cruise Controllers for Hypersonic Vehicle
Authors: Zhao Hongyu , Huang Degang , He Qizhi , Zhang Weiguo
Published: October 2018

When the hypersonic vehicle is cruising, they face the aerothermoelastic, as well as the matching, unmatched uncertainty and the disturbance. This paper presents a control method of command filter Backstepping sliding in order to cope with the problems above. First, this method does the problem of calculation expands to Backstepping using the command filter. Then, introducing sliding control settles the matching problem and disturbance; Consideration to decline the shake of sliding control and deal with the unmatched uncertainty, using the idea of higher order sliding mode control, this paper augments an addition virtual control state equation in each control loop and makes the output of the control system act on an integral, which not only declines the shake of sliding control, but also deals with the unmatched uncertainty using adaptive Backstepping. However, introducing an additional virtual control equation of state increases the system order, which has a growing in complexity when using the adaptive Backstepping to design the control system. Nevertheless the problem could be resolved by the method of dynamic surface. At last, the global stability of the proposed method is proved in theory and the effectiveness and robust of this method are verified by the simulation.
A Novel Dehazing Algorithm Based on Median Guide Filter for Traffic Video
Authors: Huang He , Song Jing , Guo Lu , Wang Ping , Wang Huifeng
Published: October 2018

Aiming at the problem that the edge preserving effect of the existing improved bilateral filtering algorithm in the process of dealing with the haze weather traffic images is not ideal, and the algorithm is time consuming and computationally inefficient, which is unacceptable in the traffic video defogging. Thus, this paper proposed a new algorithm based on median guide filter for this target. In the full paper, we explain in some detail about median guide filter; in this abstract, we just add some pertinent remarks to listing the title of each section of this paper. The six sections of this paper are:introduction(section 0), traffic image degradation model in fog and haze weather(section 1), guide filter(section 2), the design of median guide filter(section 3), Optimization of transmittance estimation(section 4), experimental result(section 5), conclusion(section 6). In section 2, we introduce the basic principle of guide filter. In section 3, we propose median guide filter and the formulas of algorithm are deduced and point out the deficiency of the traditional algorithm. In section 4, we introduce a simple method to optimize transmittance estimation. In section 5, In order to verify the effect of defog, we perform a simulation on MATLAB, the analyze of simulation results, indicates that our median guide filter algorithm can not only guarantee the effectiveness of defog, but also ensure the efficiency of calculation.
Improved Cross Entropy Support Vector Machine Method for Structural Design Optimization
Authors: Zhang Hang , Li Hongshuang
Published: October 2018

Aiming at the difficulties of implicit functions and high computation cost in engineering design optimization, a combined method is proposed in this paper, which takes advantage of support vector machine(SVM) and cross entropy method(CE). Used the ’Latinized’ centroidal Voronoi tessellation(LCVT) which can generate much uniform supporting points in the design variable space, a high accurate surrogate model is obtained by SVM. At the same time, the traditional cross entropy method is improved by the concepts of "global elite samples" and the "local elites samples" and a new parameter updating strategy for extracting the useful information in iteration history. To avoid trapping in the local optimum, a mutation operation is also included in the proposed method. Two numerical examples are used to illustrate the performance of the improved method superior to that of the traditional one. Finally, an engineering example is employed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method in the field of engineering.
Concentrating System’s Design and Performance Analysis for Spacial Solar Array
Authors: Shao Limin , Yang Shuli
Published: October 2018

A large area of sunlight onto solar cells is gathered by concentrating system for spacial concentrating solar array, which reduces the amount of solar cells by increasing light intensity onto the solar cells of the unit area. Under concentrating conditions, the short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, fill factor, efficiency, operating temperature and strong thermal-electrical coupling characteristics of concentrating solar cells are different from the conventional solar cells because of the high intensity and high operating temperature. The concentrating module design, solar cell selection, and design of solar cell heat-dissipation have been carried out. The thermal-electric coupling model of special concentrating photovoltaic system has been established. The relationships among concentrated ratio, substrate-thickness, thermal conductivity of substrate-material and solar cell’s temperature, density of short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, maximum output power have been analyzed, which provide a view to a reasonabl0e match and selection of multi-parameters in engineering design. Results show that the concentrated ratio has an overall effect on the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, efficiency and operating temperature of the solar cell. There is a strong coupling relationship among the parameters, and the positive and negative impacts caused by the concentrating characteristics should be weighed in the engineering design. The short-circuit current density of concentrating solar cells is proportional to the concentrated ratio. Under the lower concentrated ratio circumstance, fill factor and efficiency is not substantially affected by the concentrated ratio. The maximum output power and open-circuit voltage increase with the increase of concentrated ratio. Temperature of concentrating solar cells has an adverse effect on the open-circuit voltage, efficiency and output power, which needs high efficient radiator measures to be taken. The operating temperature of solar cells could be decreased significantly by the high thermal conductivity of the substrate-material. The concentrated ratio between 9~15 is recommended for spacial solar array, which not only embodies the advantage of concentrator like improving the cell-efficiency and decreasing the cost, but also doesn’t exact the deploying precision of concentrating system.
The Integrated Design of Underwater Interceptor Guidance Control Based on Adaptive Global Sliding Mode
Authors: Yang Huizhen , Wang Di
Published: October 2018

The underwater interceptor’s target have the characteristics of small size, fast speed and strong maneuverability, which requires the underwater interceptor guidance system to have fast and stable response capability. Aiming at the design requirement, this paper proposes a global sliding mode controller of integrated guidance and control(IGC). The integrated guidance and control mathematical model of the underwater interceptor’s lateral channel is established, and the global sliding mode control based on the adaptive regulation law is designed aiming to the problem of uncertainty about the emergence of an integrated system for the target maneuver. The asymptotic stability is proved by applying the Lyapunov theorem. Then the high-gain continuing method is adopted to restrain the buffeting for the IGC system. The proposed controller compensates the uncertain information and improves the robustness and fastness of the system. The simulation results show the effectiveness.
Mathematical Model of Spool Valve with Rectangular Grooves
Authors: Chen Jia , Yuan Zhaohui , Guo Qiang
Published: October 2018

A spool valve of aerospace hydraulic breaks down because of uneven pressure distribution between sleeve and spool, which is called as hydraulic lock. The rectangular grooves on the spool surface can effectively weaken the lateral force, thereby preventing the hydraulic lock. So the mathematical model of spool valve with rectangular grooves is established according to the Navier-Stokes equations based on the cylindrical coordinate system. To verify the effectivity of the mathematical model, the numerical simulation is compared and used to modified the mathematical model.
OFDMA Based QoS-Oriented Guarantee Novelty Multiple Access Protocol
Authors: Zhou Run , Li Bo , Yang Mao , Yan Zhongjiang
Published: October 2018

The next generation wireless local area network (WLAN) 802.11ax standards committee takes high quality of service(QoS) guarantee as one of important technology goals of the next generation WLAN. As a result of a variety of wireless traffics, so the requirements of the QoS must also be varied. However, the existing media access control(MAC) protocol based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA) can’t support QoS diversification and high requirement well. To solve this problem, this paper presents a QoS-oriented OFDMA MAC for the next generation WLAN. On one hand, for backward compatibility consideration, continue to use four priority traffics of 802.11e in this protocol; on the other hand, the introduction of QoS-oriented priority scheduling algorithm to support future wireless traffic feature which is QoS of diversification and high requirements. Finally, through the simulation, the system effective throughput of the proposed QoS-OFDMA MAC is 57.8% and 59% higher than the OFDMA MAC of the sequential scheduling algorithm and the OFDMA MAC of the proportional fairness algorithm.
Multi-Echelon Inventory Allocation of Civil Aircraft Spare Parts Considering Maintenance Ratio
Authors: Feng Yunwen , Lu Cheng , Xue Xiaofeng , Liu Yuchang
Published: October 2018

A multi-echelon inventory allocation technique with maintenance ratio for civil aircraft spare parts was proposed in this paper. Multi-echelon inventory allocation model was established, which integrates maintenance rate into METRIC (Multi-echelon technique for recoverable item control) model, and then marginal analysis method was applied to solve this model and accomplish multi-echelon inventory allocation of spare parts. Firstly, the theory of multi-echelon inventory allocation model with maintenance ratio was elaborated, and the mathematical model was established with the fleet availability as the optimization objective, the cost and the safeguard probability as the constraints. Secondly, the procedure of solving multi-echelon inventory allocation model considering the influence of maintenance ratio is discussed based on the marginal analysis method. Thirdly, landing gear LRU (Line repairable units) of a typical civil aircraft were selected as the research object, multi-echelon inventory allocation was investigated by considering maintenance ratio. The analysis results show that the minimum safeguard cost and fleet availability are respectively 2759833 dollars and 0.9806, and the number of LRU of multi echelon inventory allocation are obtained under the condition of satisfying the constrained optimization. The feasibility and effectiveness of the developed method are verified by comparing the traditional analysis method. This paper provides guidance for the accurate allocation of multi echelon inventory optimization for maintenance resources on the premise of reasonable cost reduction.
On the Study Of Asymptotically Almost Periodic Solutions of a Class of Impulsive Population Models
Authors: Wang Li
Published: October 2018

Based on the Mawhin continuous theorem, the existence of strictly positive asymptotically almost periodic solutions of a class of impulsive population models is studied. The conclusion generalizes the conclusion of the existing literatures. Since the Mawhin continuous theorem is only used to prove the existence of periodic solutions or almost periodic solutions of equations (for example:impulsive differential equation, functional differential equation, integral equation, Lienard equation, P-Laplacian equation), the main result is innovative.
Papulopustular lesions of the face caused by panitumumab: case report and literature review
Authors: Ravasco Jonathan , Lebaud Philippe , Bodin Hélène
Published: October 2018

Introduction:Panitumumab (VECTIBIX®) is a monoclonal antibody used alone or in combination with a chemotherapy for management of metastatic colorectal cancer.Observation:A patient treated with this protocol manifested skin lesions; the etiological diagnosis was difficult. The lesions, namely a papulopustular rash at the lower third of the face, and the medical history allowed to diagnose an acute skin toxicity case due to this monoclonal antibody.Commentary:Many side effects are related to the panitumumab, among which dermatologic adverse events having already been the subject of some publications. Nevertheless, several studies conclude that the therapeutic benefit of this epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor makes acceptable these complications.Conclusion:Stop treatment and corticosteroids allowed a whole and quick disappearance of skin lesions. Alongside dermatologists and infectious diseases specialists, the opinion of an oral surgeon was useful to provide an answer to these symptoms.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, embolization, and Young’s procedure: oral surgical management
Authors: Malthiery Eve , de Thierrens Carle Favre , Bouchiha Kevin , Levallois Bernard , Torres Jacques-Henri , Fauroux Marie-Alix
Published: October 2018

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) case with history of embolization and Young’s procedure: surgical management. Introduction: Osler–Weber–Rendu disease hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic vascular dysplasia. It causes hemorrhagic manifestations, cutaneous and mucosal telangiectasia and visceral vascular shunts, which sometimes lead to brain abscesses after dental avulsion. Acute epistaxis can be managed by vascular ligature or selective embolization. In rare cases, management can even go as far as nasal closure. Observation: A case of five dental avulsions is described, in a patient affected by HHT who previously underwent a bilateral embolization in the area of the facial artery as well as Young’s procedure for frequent epistaxis. Comments-Conclusion: The management of patients affected by HHT needs rigorous hemostatic methods and outpatient postoperative monitoring. Additionally, the remarkable imaging from panoramic radiography used in this case was instrumental in keeping track of embolization, by clearly highlighting the arterial pathways.
Central giant-cell granuloma located in the mandibular symphyseal region of a child
Authors: Bonolis Aurélien , Euvrard Edouard , Meyer Christophe , Louvrier Aurélien
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Central giant-cell granuloma (CGCG) is a rare mandibular tumor. The originality of this case lies in its clinical presentation, with a delay in treatment despite a significant aesthetic impact. Observation: An 8-year-old boy whose chin had been swelling for three (3) months was referred to have a consultation. The medical imaging examination revealed a well-defined osteolytic lesion of about 3 cm and round in shape. The lesion was surgically treated by enucleation. The anatomopathological examination provided evidence of a CGCG. Conclusion: Postoperative period was aesthetically acceptable, there were no nervous or dental lesions and no relapse at the 6-month follow-up.
Evaluation of a 12-mm diameter covered self-expandable end bare metal stent for malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Nakaoka Kazunori , Hashimoto Senju , Kawabe Naoto , Nakano Takuji , Kan Toshiki , Ohki Masashi , Ochi Yuka , Takamura Tomoki , Kurashita Takamitsu , Nomura Sayuri , Koyama Keishi , Fukui Aiko , Yoshioka Kentaro
Published: October 2018

Background and study aims Biliary metallic stents are used to drain unresectable malignant distal biliary obstructions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel 12-mm-diameter covered, self-expandable end bare metal stent (12-mm CSEEMS).

Patients and methods We evaluated 99 patients with unresectable malignant distal biliary obstructions treated with covered biliary metallic stents. Of the 99 patients, 33 underwent 12-mm CSEEMS placement between June 2015 and April 2017 (12-mm-CSEEMS group) and 66 underwent 10-mm fully-covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) placement between January 2010 and July 2015 (10-mm-FCSEMS group). The overall survival (OS), the recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), cause of RBO, time to RBO (TRBO) and adverse events in 12-mm-CSEEMS group and 10-mm-FCSEMS group were evaluated retrospectively.

Results The OS tended to be longer in the 12-mm-CSEEMS group (log rank, P = 0.081) and TRBO was significantly longer in the 12-mm-CSEEMS group (log rank, P = 0.001) than in the 10-mm-FCSEMS group. Both univariate (HR, 0.449; 95 % CI, 0.27967 – 0.72215; P = 0.001) and multivariate (HR, 0.458; 95 % CI, 0.28395 – 0.73744; P = 0.001) Cox hazard analysis found that risk of RBO was significantly lower in 12-mm CSEEMS than in 10-mm FCSEMS. There were no significant differences between the 12-mm-CSEEMS group and 10-mm-FCSEMS group regarding the cause of RBO and adverse events.

Conclusions The 12-mm CSEEMS showed a low risk of RBO compared with 10-mm FCSEMS and was considered to be effective and safe for draining unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction.
Polyamine – Das Für und Wider aus der Forschung
Authors: Lück-Knobloch Heike
Published: October 2018

Alle lebenden Zellen benötigen Polyamine, um molekulare Signalwege zu regulieren, die für Reifung, Wachstum und Differenzierung der Zellen notwendig sind. Wichtige Polyamine sind Putrescin, Spermin und Spermidin. Bei Gesunden könnten sie den Alterungsprozess positiv beeinflussen, bei Krankheiten wie Krebs jedoch negativen Einfluss haben. Eine Anpassung der nutritiven Polyaminzufuhr könnte zum Beispiel bei Schmerzen oder als Vorsorge gegen kolorektale Karzinome förderlich sein.
Efficacy and tolerability of various bowel preparations in diabetic patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Madhoun Mohammad F. , Chaudrey Khadija K. , Chisholm Sian S. , Ahmed Aftab , Frost Belinda , Tierney William M.
Published: October 2018

Background and study aims Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for poor bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy. Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative that may mitigate colonic dysmotility associated with diabetes. We hypothesized that adding bisacodyl to split-dose bowel preparation (SDBP) would improve the quality of bowel preparation among patients with diabetes.

Patients and methods Adult outpatients aged 18 to 80 years undergoing colonoscopy were recruited. One hundred and eighty-six patients with diabetes were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment arms: 1) conventional 4 L of polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS; conventional bowel preparation [CBP]); 2) split-dose of 4 L PEG-ELS (split-dose bowel preparation [SDBP]); or 3) split-dose of 4 L PEG-ELS preceded by 10 mg of oral bisacodyl 10 (SDBP-B). The primary outcome measure was bowel cleansing as indicated by Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) score. Endoscopists were blinded to the preparation used. Secondary outcome measures were safety and patient tolerability.

Results Of the 212 patients randomized, only 186 received assigned bowel preparation. There were no differences among the three study groups with regard to age, indication, duration of DM, insulin use, narcotic use, or presence of end-organ diabetic complications. There was a trend toward better bowel preparation quality among those receiving SDBP and SDBP-B compared to those receiving CBP, but the trend was not statistically significant  ≥ 6 BBPS; 67 % vs. 83 % vs. 75 %, P = 0.1). In terms of safety and tolerability, there were no differences among the three groups.

Conclusion Adding bisacodyl to SDBP does not improve the quality of bowel preparation in patients with DM. Further efforts are needed to optimize colonoscopy bowel preparation in this population.
Insertability comparison of passive bending single-balloon prototype versus standard single-balloon enteroscopy: a multicenter randomized non-blinded trial
Authors: Hosoe Naoki , Ohtsuka Kazuo , Endo Yutaka , Naganuma Makoto , Ogata Noriyuki , Kuroki Yuichiro , Sasanuma Seiko , Takabayashi Kaoru , Kudo Shin-Ei , Takahashi Hiroshi , Ogata Haruhiko , Kanai Takanori
Published: October 2018

Background and study aims Traversing the ileocecal valve (ICV) is technically challenging with a retrograde approach to single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE). A novel technique called responsive insertion technology (RIT) colonoscopy was developed to obtain a higher cecal intubation rate in this setting. A prototype long SBE equipped with RIT (P-SBE) was developed to obtain superior insertability. The aim of this study was to compare the insertability of a standard single-balloon enteroscope (S-SBE) versus a P-SBE.

Patients and methods This study was a multicenter, randomized, non-blinded, trial of 62 patients with small bowel pathologies. All procedures were performed with SBE via the trans-anal route. Procedure success was defined as stable intubation of the terminal ileum (TI) 20 cm beyond the ICV. The primary variable was time to reach stable TI intubation 20 cm beyond the ICV (TSTII). If stable TI intubation was not achieved within 10 minutes, the initial SBE was removed through the indwelling overtube and replaced with another SBE.

Results Sixty patients were examined with two patients excluded from this study. TSTII using P-SBE was significantly decreased compared to S-SBE (mean P-SBE vs S-SBE: 98.3 vs 169.4 second, P = 0.006). The completion rates for stable intubation within 10 minutes of using P-SBE and S-SBE were 96.8 % and 86.2 %, respectively (P = 0.19). On endoscope replacement, all patients had achieved stable TI intubation.

Conclusions SBE with RIT improves insertability when traversing the ileocecal valve in retrograde SBE.
EUS fine-needle pancreatic core biopsy can determine eligibility for tumor-agnostic immunotherapy
Authors: Gleeson Ferga C. , Levy Michael J. , Roden Anja C. , Boardman Lisa A. , Sinicrope Frank A. , McWilliams Robert R. , Zhang Lizhi
Published: October 2018

Background and study aims The US FDA recently approved a cancer treatment with pembrolizumab based upon the tumor biomarker status of deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) rather than a specific disease-based approach. We sought to determine if endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) could determine dMMR and quantification of PD-L1 expression to potentially guide the delivery of tumor agnostic immunotherapy.

Patients and methods Immunohistochemistry was performed on archived pancreas core biopsy specimens. Tumors with absent nuclear staining of DNA mismatch repair proteins represented dMMR. Tumors were considered to have any or high PD-L1 expression, if expressed in ≥ 1 % or ≥ 50 % of tumor cells.

Results Histologic specimen adequacy for MMR status assessment was satisfactory in 97.2 % of tumors. dMMR and high PD-L1 expression was identified in 3 % and 8.1 % of the cohort.

Conclusion In the setting of tumor type agnostic immunotherapy, it is projected that at least 3 % of malignant pancreas lesions will be sensitive to pembrolizumab and up to 8 % sensitive to the family of immune checkpoint inhibitors. This highlights the expanding role of EUS-FNB in the field of precision immuno-oncology.
Cap-assisted endoscopy: Do we have enough evidence?
Authors: Frieling Thomas
Published: October 2018

So, is there enough evidence to incorporate CC in clinical practice? If we interpret the literature and the meta-analysis by Nutalapati et al., the answer for the clinically-focused endoscopist, with regard to adenoma detection rate (ADR), at present, may be “no”. Significant differences do not necessarily imply clinical benefits and translation into clinical practice. The answer for the improvement of cecal intubation frequency and intubation time by the cap depends on the focus of training commitment, because these effects of the cap may be beneficial, especially for unexperienced endoscopists. It is obvious that further studies are needed. In this line, it is interesting to know, that in a recent meta-analysis of prospective studies, the length of the transparent cap had opposite effects on investigation time and polyp detection rate. Whereas, the anal to cecal time was significantly shortened by a cap length of > 7 mm and a polyp detection rate was significantly improved by a cap length of < 4 mm.
Differences in upper gastrointestinal neoplasm detection rates based on inspection time and esophagogastroduodenoscopy training
Authors: Yoshimizu Shoichi , Hirasawa Toshiaki , Horiuchi Yusuke , Omae Masami , Ishiyama Akiyoshi , Yoshio Toshiyuki , Tsuchida Tomohiro , Fujisaki Junko
Published: October 2018

Background and study aims Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) has utility in early detection of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) neoplasms. However, previous studies report shorter inspection times and inexperienced endoscopists contribute to overlooking gastric neoplasms. We investigated neoplasm detection rates according to inspection time and extent of EGD training.

Patients and methods In this retrospective observational study, we reviewed routine EGDs for 3,925 consecutive cases between October 2014 and March 2015. We divided the endoscopists into three groups based on median inspection time during EGD without undergoing biopsy. Using cut-off median inspection times of 7 and 10 minutes, three, five, and eight endoscopists were classiﬁed into the fast, moderate, and slow groups, respectively. We compared detection rates according to inspection time and the extent of EGD training.

Results The median inspection time among all endoscopists was 9.3 minutes (range, 6.6 – 12.0 min). The detection rate for UGI neoplasms was as follows: fast group, 3.6%; moderate group, 3.3 %; and slow group, 3.1 % (P = 0.807). The median inspection time was significantly shorter among the intensive training ≥ 1-year group than among the < 1-year group (< 1-year: median 6.3 min; range 8.2 – 13.9 min, ≥ 1-year: median 8.9 min; range 6.4 – 11.4 min, P < 0.001). The detection rate for UGI neoplasms was significantly higher among the intensive training ≥ 1-year group than among the < 1-year group (< 1-year: 2.2 %; ≥ 1-year: 3.7 %, OR = 1.65, 95 % CI: 1.02 – 2.68, P = 0.041).

Conclusions There was no association between inspection times and neoplasm detection rates. The quality of EGD, as measured by neoplasm detection rates, may be improved by ≥ 1-year of intensive training.
Ausschlussdiagnose RDS
Authors: Hinteregger-Männel Jessica
Published: October 2018

Über 10 Millionen Menschen in Deutschland leiden am RDS, haben also länger als 3 Monate chronische Darmbeschwerden unklarer organischer Ursache. Erkrankungen wie Morbus Crohn, aber auch Tumoren und Infektionen können ähnliche Symptome verursachen. Deshalb sind sie bei RDS-Verdacht sicher auszuschließen. Eine vollständige Heilung von RDS ist meist nicht möglich. Dennoch kann die Therapie zielgerichtet nach Faktoren wie mikrobieller Fehlbesiedlung und psychischen Auslösern erfolgen.
Gerüstet für den Notfall: Die Anaphylaxie-Strategie
Authors: Gundacker Stefanie
Published: October 2018

Dieser Artikel ist vorübergehend nicht im Volltext verfügbar.
Widened Dorsum: Bony and Cartilaginous Contributions
Authors: Linkov Gary , Branham Gregory
Published: October 2018

Creation of a pleasing dorsal nasal profile in the anterior and lateral views requires proper analysis and planning to determine the required series of steps to accomplish the desired outcome. The widened nasal dorsum is a common esthetic complaint of the patient seeking rhinoplasty. Often patients seek an unrealistic result that, if accomplished, would leave them with a restricted nasal vault and nasal airway compromise. Nasal function must be balanced with the patient and surgeon's desire to narrow the nasal dorsum. Various techniques are used to control the width of the upper third, or bony vault, and middle third, or cartilaginous vault.
Surgical and Nonsurgical Techniques in Forehead Rejuvenation
Authors: Arnaoutakis Demetri , Bassichis Benjamin
Published: October 2018

The periorbital and forehead regions are among the most expressive parts of the face. A thorough understanding of the complex facial anatomy and aesthetic norms are essential when evaluating and treating a patient for facial brow rejuvenation. Not only will knowledge of the anatomy enhance facial injection and surgical outcomes, but will also diminish potential complications. Combining nonsurgical and surgical techniques, including laser and skin rejuvenation, can yield the most natural and effective aesthetic brow improvements.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea – Epidemiology, Consequencies and Prosthetic Rehabilitation. A Review
Authors: Katoch Sumit , Kumar Manjit , Khosla Amrit , Batra Ritu , Kaur Navjot
Published: October 2018

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is recognized as an important health issue in the last two to three decades. It is characterized by frequent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep, causing recurrent arousals, intermittent hypoxaemia, sleep fragmentation and poor sleep quality. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disorder with significant co-morbidities. There are evidences that OSA is being considered as an independent risk factor for hypertension, glucose intolerance / diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and stroke, leading to increased cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality. Early recognition and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea may prevent adverse health consequences. In this sense, treating the patient with obstructive sleep apnea requires a long-term partnership between patient and healthcare providers. With a strong partnership, obstructive sleep apnea may be effectively treated in the growing numbers of patients. In this article some of the epidemiological aspects, consequences, medical and dental treatment options of obstructive sleep apnea are reviewed.
A Clinical Study to Correlate the Facial Form and Maxillary Central Incisor Tooth Form in Males and Females of Davangere Population
Authors: Bansal Deepak , Sharma Shruti , Kumar Manjit , Khosla Amrit
Published: October 2018

An altered facial appearance is more difficult to face, than problems related to ill-fitting denture or eating. The selection of maxillary anterior teeth for complete denture has long posed problem in clinical practice and a controversy about the best method to employ still exists. An attempt is made in the present study to clinically correlate the face form with maxillary central incisor tooth form in males and females of Davangere population. In 1914, Leon William's projected the “the form method” where he classified facial forms as square, tapering, and ovoid. Maxillary central incisors were selected according to the facial forms.

Of total 100 subjects four different tooth forms and face forms were evaluated. They are: square, ovoid, square-tapered, tapered. No significant correlation existed between face form in male and females. Females exhibited greater correlation between face forms and inverted tooth form but that correlation is not sufficient to serve as a guide for selection of anterior teeth.
Defining Norms for the Upper and Lower Lips of the Himachali Ethnic Population: A Cephalometric Study
Authors: Aggarwal Isha , Wadhawan Manu
Published: October 2018

Introduction: The great variance in soft-tissue drape of the human face complicates accurate assessment of the soft-tissue profile and it is a known fact that facial features of different ethnic groups differ significantly. This study was undertaken to establish soft tissue norms for Himachali ethnic population. Method: The sample comprised lateral cephalograms taken in natural head position of 100 normal subjects (50 males, 50 females). The cephalograms were analyzed by Arnett soft tissue cephalometric analysis for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The Student t test was used to compare the means of the 2 groups. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between Himachali males and females in certain key parameters. Males have thicker soft-tissue structures than females. Whereas females have greater interlabial gap when compared with Himachali males. When compared with other ethnic groups, Himachali subjects have thicker soft tissue structures. Conclusions: Statistically significant differences were found between Himachali males and females in certain key parameters. Differences were also noted between other ethnic groups and Himachali faces.
Zone of Minimal Conflict Recorded Using Modified Technique: A Case Report
Authors: Sharma Apurva , Kumar Manjit , Khosla Amrit , Jain Shailesh , Kaur Navjot , Jhamb Ashu
Published: October 2018

When all the remaining natural teeth are removed, there exists a space within the oral cavity that can be called the potential denture space. Within this denture space there is an area that has been termed the neutral zone. Neutral zone is defined as that area or position within the oral cavity where the forces between the tongue and cheeks or lips are equal. Thus making it the zone of minimal conflict, where the function of musculature will not unseat the denture and help in stabilizing the denture. In the present case the neutral zone was recorded using admix technique and impression compound as the material of choice.
Isolated Tricuspid Valvectomy: A Series of cases with Intravenous Drug Abuse Associated Tricuspid Valve Endocarditis
Authors: Bin Mahmood Syed Usman , Nguemeni Tiako Max Jordan , Mori Makoto , Elefteriades John A. , Bonde Pramod , Geirsson Arnar , Yun James J.
Published: October 2018

Introduction Surgical management for tricuspid valve (TV) endocarditis is usually TV repair or replacement. When repair is not feasible, and concerns for patient recidivism preclude TV replacement, tricuspid valvectomy without replacement is an option to alleviate symptoms and allow time for addiction management.

Methods We reviewed our institution's experience with isolated tricuspid valvectomy for cases of intravenous drug use (IVDU)-associated endocarditis (n = 7) from 2009 to 2017.

Results The decision for tricuspid valvectomy was based on each patient's comorbid condition and realization of active IVDU. This intervention resulted in 100% perioperative and mid-term survival with a mean follow-up of 25.4 months. One patient required a valve replacement in the long term only after appropriate substance abuse management was completed.

Conclusion Cardiac surgeons increasingly encounter patients with active endocarditis who suffer from IVDU addiction. Drug addiction increases the risk for recurrent endocarditis and requires an effective management plan. Multidisciplinary endocarditis care teams may play a pivotal role in improving outcomes by better addressing addiction treatment.
Venous Thromboembolism in Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Data from the RIETE Registry
Authors: Grandone Elvira , Di Micco Pier , Villani Michela , Colaizzo Donatella , Fernández-Capitán Carmen , Del Toro Jorge , Rosa Vladimir , Bura-Riviere Alessandra , Quere Isabelle , Blanco-Molina Ángeles , Margaglione Maurizio , Monreal Manuel ,   for the RIETE Investigators
Published: October 2018

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) during or after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is predicted to rise due to the increased number of women undergoing this technique. We present data collected in the RIETE registry up to October 2016. Overall, 41 (0.6%) out of 6,718 women of childbearing age with VTE had an ART-related event. Most of them underwent autologous ART cycles; 23 had isolated deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (56.1%), 12 isolated pulmonary embolism (PE) (29.3%) and 6 simultaneous occurrence of both the events (14.6%). VTE occurred in 20 successful and 21 unsuccessful (i.e. not resulting in a clinical pregnancy) ART cycles. No recurrence was observed at 90 days. Logistic regression showed that isolated PE was significantly more frequent than DVT alone or combined with PE in unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) (odds ratio [OR]: 4.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–12.4), as well as in contraceptive users (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.95–4.5) and in puerperium (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.16–3.3). After grouping isolated PE and DVT + PE, we found that PE was significantly more frequent in women with unsuccessful IVF and higher body mass index (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.2–20.7 and OR: 1.0, 95%CI: 1.0–1.1, respectively). These data document a higher risk of PE in unsuccessful cycles than in successful ones. The risk is higher than that observed during pregnancy, puerperium and contraception.
Using evidence to influence policy: Oxfam’s experience
Authors: Mayne Ruth , Green Duncan , Guijt Irene , Walsh Martin , English Richard , Cairney Paul
Published: October 2018

Policymaking is rarely ‘evidence-based’. Rather, policy can only be strongly evidence-informed if its advocates act effectively. Policy theories suggest that they can do so by learning the rules of political systems, and by forming relationships and networks with key actors to build up enough knowledge of their environment and trust from their audience. This knowledge allows them to craft effective influencing strategies, such as to tell a persuasive and timely story about an urgent policy problem and its most feasible solution. Empirical case studies help explain when, how, and why such strategies work in context. If analysed carefully, they can provide transferable lessons for researchers and advocates that are seeking to inform or influence policymaking. Oxfam Great Britain has become an experienced and effective advocate of evidence-informed policy change, offering lessons for building effective action. In this article, we combine insights from policy studies with specific case studies of Oxfam campaigns to describe four ways to promote the uptake of research evidence in policy: (1) learn how policymaking works, (2) design evidence to maximise its influence on specific audiences, (3) design and use additional influencing strategies such as insider persuasion or outsider pressure, and adapt the presentation of evidence and influencing strategies to the changing context, and (4) embrace trial and error. The supply of evidence is one important but insufficient part of this story.