bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Philosophy of Religion M.M.Bogolyubov
Authors: Pankov Georgii D.
Published: February 2020

An important place in the creative work of thinkers of the Orthodox tradition in the broad occupied the philosophical understanding of religion. However, the national religious and philosophical heritage of Orthodoxy of the past is mainly studied in the history of philosophy, but not in religious studies. Therefore, according to the author, for modern academic religious studies one of the urgent tasks is to study the philosophy of religion in its theological paradigm, which is expressed in its various confessional variants. While there are still no fundamental works in this field, but to create them it is necessary to take into account the experience of theological-philosophical thought and to critically revise it
Smart Automated Cart
Authors: Sheth Kevin , Gupta Aakash , Agarkar Omakr , Patwardhan Jaai , Aware M. S.
Published: February 2020

Now a days, world is moving towards the Automation. Each and every field is using automation technologies for efficient work. The proposed methodology which can transfer objects from one place to another in workplaces like offices, hospitals, hotels, airports , etc. automatically. The key point of this proposed system is that only authorized persons will get access to that transferred object using the RFID tag. The proposed system uses the technique of Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV).
SISTEM INFORMASI PERSEDIAAN BARANG BERBASIS DEKSTOP PADA PT. ULTRA SAKTI
Authors: Pudjiarti Eni , Puspitasari Eka , Septyawati Aprillia  Ananda
Published: February 2020

Inventory is very important in work activities or in a business entity, because inventory can be a benchmark of performance and cash flow of a company. If there is too much inventory turnover is not good, and vice versa if there is too little inventory it can hamper work activities, resulting in low yields and will affect the company's income. Because at PT Ultra Sakti, ATK Goods Inventory Management is still manual. Which causes the management and presentation of inventory data can be ineffective and inefficient, because it is very easy to make mistakes (Human Error) this results in the inventory process will be very bad, because it could be an excess or even a shortage of inventory processes. Therefore, the authors try to make an inventory system in order to help PT. Ultra Sakti in carrying out work activities to be more efficient and effective, in the presentation of data and data management. So that mistakes can be minimized. And the presentation of data can be utilized properly.

 

 

Keywords— Information System Design, Inventory System
Gagal Napas Akut dengan Hipoksemia Refrakter pada Preeklampsi Berat Aplikasi “PEEP Tinggi dan Balans Cairan Negatif” di ICU
Authors: Sommeng Faisal
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Acute pulmonary edema in pregnancy due to preeclampsia is a life-threatening event and  a form of maternal morbidity. The hypoxemia is clinical manifestation feature. Refractory hypoxemia is an increasing in the partial pressure of oxygen in the arteries (PaO2) <5 mmHg with a 10% increase in FiO2 or PaO2 <60 mmHg or P/F ratio <100 on FiO2 80-100% with PEEP> 10-20 cmH20 at more than 12- 24 hours. In this case, a 35-year-old female patient entered to the ICU Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital from the emergency room operating teater  with acute pulmonary edema ec PEB + Post Sectio cesarian, mechanical ventilation (VM) PCV+ Pins 20 mode, PEEP 10, PS 15, RR 20, Vt 350 – 400 ml, FiO2 100% was performed and maximum SpO2 produced only up to 96%, P/F ratio 95,2. After 11 hours of mechanical ventilation, blood gas analysis obtained pH 7.52, PaCO2 28.5, sat 89.6%, PaO2 50.1 HCO3 23.2 BE 2.2 P/F ratio 62 with 100% FiO2 and airway pressure 30 cmH2O and was diagnose refractory hypoxemic.

Therapy: Sedation, administration of muscle relaxants, changes in high PEEP ventilator settings and fluid evacuation. setting high PEEP up to 25 cmH2O by increasing the A / W pressure every 2 minutes periodically until 55 cmH2O hold for 2 minutes and setting ventilator PCV: Pinsp 20, PEEP 15-20, FiO2 80%. and fluid evacuation with diuretics is carried out.

Results: Improvement of P / F ratio up to 139 at the time of recruitment maneuver and P / F ratio improved up to 244 after 6 hours of the maneuver. the patient was weaning from the ventilator at 5th day care with P / F ratio 313 and tranfer to ward care on the 6th day care.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Terhadap Pemberian Imunisasi Dasar Pada Bayi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kassi-Kassi Makassar
Authors: Nirwana Loddo  , Armanto Makmun  , Zulfiyah Surdam  , Nabila Said Amri
Published: February 2020

Based on Basic Health Research 2018, showed that children with aged 12-23 months who did not get complete basic immunizations in South Sulawesi were 31.7%. There are still different understanding in society about immunization, so there are still a lot of babies and toddlers who do not get immunization services. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the level of mother's knowledge with basic immunization in infants at the working area of Public Health Center Kassi-Kassi Makassar. This study was an analytic observational study with a cross sectional design. This research was conducted at the working area of Public Health Center Kassi-Kassi Makassar with a sample of 55 mothers who had a ³9 month old baby who were selected by accidental sampling. The research data was obtained through primary data from interviews and checking the KIA book. The results of this study indicate that 60% of respondents have less knowledge level with incomplete infants basic immunization status and 40% with complete infants basic immunization status, 11.1% of respondents have sufficient level of knowledge with incomplete infants basic immunization status and 88,9% with complete infants basic immunization status and 100% of respondents have a high level of knowledge with complete infants basic immunization status. The results of the analysis using the Chi-Square test obtained a significant value of 0,000 (p<0.05). The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between the level of mother's knowledge of basic immunization in infants at the working area of Public Health Center Kassi-Kassi Makassar.
Analisis Polisi Luput Pelan Takaful Keluarga
Authors: Yaakob Rubayah , Syah Baangan Abdullah Mohd Hafizuddin , Mohd Baharom Norasykeen
Published: February 2020

This study aims to analyze the determinants of policy lapse of family’s takaful in Malaysia by examining the demographic characteristics of policyholders and the
family takaful policy itself. The policy could lapse due to several reasons such as failing to make payment within the prescribed period, converting to a better policy, financial pressure and voluntary surrender. The policy lapse has a huge impact on stakeholders such as takaful operators, customers and policy makers. The impact of policy lapse includes losses to firms, adverse selection, liquidity and contribution increament. The results of the logistic regression analysis show that the sum insured, payment methods and gender have a negative impact on policy lapse. Wheares age, marital status and the insured individual have no effect on policy lapse. The findings assist stakeholders such as takaful operators and regulators to develop appropriate strategies to achieve their goals and support the development of the takaful industry in Malaysia.
Application of Ta’widh and Gharamah in Islamic Banking in Malaysia
Authors: Muneeza Aishath , Zainudin Nur Adibah , Ali Ruqayyah , Ibrahim Siti Nadzirah , Mustapha Zakariya
Published: February 2020

The objective of this paper is to explore the practical application of ta’widh and gharamah in Islamic banking in Malaysia with reference to the guidelines that are applicable to date; and find out the issues detected in the implementation of them. In the course of doing this, Shariah reasons for imposing ta’widh and gharamah in Islamic banking are discussed. Also, whether ta’widh and gharamah would be required for Islamic banking with reference to possible alternatives to them is also discussed. This qualitative study primarily focuses on library research and adopts case study approach for analyzing the application of ta’widh and gharamah. The jurisdiction of the study is Malaysia because the central bank of the country has made policies on the matter. The paper draws on observations made by Shariah scholars about the policies on the subject matter. This study gives an insight into the history and issues related to ta’widh and gharamah which are often kept tacit. It is recommended that future studies should look into the effectiveness of these two approaches to serve as a deterrent factor and contribute to the declining rate of non-performing financing in Islamic banks.
Productivity of Islamic and Conventional Banks in Malaysia –During the Pre and Post Global Financial Crisis
Authors: Wahid Muhamad Azhari , Harun Mohd Shukor
Published: February 2020

The global financial crisis has evidenced sluggish progress in the growth of Malaysian banking sector’s assets, deposits, and loans. The scenario could have affMalmquist Productivity Indexected the productivity of Malaysian banks which consists of Islamic and conventional banks. This study aims to evaluate and distinguish the productivity change of 17 Malaysian Islamic banks and 21 conventional banks during the pre and post global financial crisis. To estimate total productivity change of both type of banks, this study employs the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) method. In calculating the MPI, the study considers total deposits, personnel expenses and fixed assets as the inputs while for the outputs, the study considers loans, investment and non-interest income. The empirical results reveal that the Islamic and conventional banks have been productive throughout the period of observation. However, the results pointed out that Islamic banks have been more productive than its conventional counterparts. Interestingly, the study indicates that both Islamic and conventional banks have failed to operate at an optimal scale of operations. This could have negative effect on the productivity level of these banks. Furthermore, the recent global financial crisis has negative impact on the productivity level of Islamic and conventional banks in Malaysia.
Immigrants’ Experiences of Happiness and Well-being in Northern Iceland
Authors: Barillé Stéphanie , Meckl Markus
Published: February 2020

Our analysis reveals that well-being is higher among immigrants in northern Iceland with strong social capital and with some connections to local networks. Individuals often resort to individual rationale to explain their circumstances, their choices and their subsequent well-being. We begin the discussion by very briefly reviewing the literature on well-being and by introducing the context in which the study was realised. In the following section, we examine the relationship between feelings of well-being and the urban environment; then we explore the belief that opportunities are plentiful in this northern town, and finally look at the relationship between the social support of immigrants and their well-being.
Aileen Gabriela Susiana PEMANFAATAN E-WASTE PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD MENJADI ARMATUR LAMPU
Authors: Aileen Gabriela Susiana  , Gracia Ika Gunawan
Published: February 2020

Electronic Waste, abbreviated as E-waste, is a product of no longer used electronic devices. E-waste alsoconsidered as dangerous, as it contains 2,70% of toxic substances. The sheer amount of electronic wasteproduced by citizens of Indonesia alone means that any semblance of effort is needed to process thesewastes into something which has usage and economic value. Printed Circuit Board or shorten as PCB is acomponent structure of an electronic devices, unused electronic devices still has PCB left intact inside ofthem, which make PCB also an electronic waste. This design was done to reuse E-waste, in this case is PCBinto an interior accessory. Other than reducing the amount of electronic waste in our vicinity, this design hasanother goal to increase the ingeniousness of the human resources who are going to realize the design into thefinal product, also to teach and engage the public to develop a more creative way of thinking in solvingenvironmental problems of our vicinity. The final product of this design is a lamp armature made of PCBs. Thesurface of PCB has intricate pattern and a futuristic look to it, which when processed into an interior accessorycould increase the visual esthetic of a room. Lamp armature itself has many variations, and the chosen variantfor this design is table lamp, and the lamp will be able to be placed on a nightstand and act as a sleep lamp.To strengthen the armature structure, black painted iron was used as a place where the PCB will be arrangedand the lamp placed. BMC (Business Model Canvas) was used to analyze the market and to help the marketingof the lamp armature. This lamp armature was designed to prove that even an electronic waste such asPCB able to retain economic and usage value.
Врегулювання/вирішення конфліктів/спорів у сфері цифрової економіки: загальні засади та специфіка щодо окремих категорій конфліктів/спорів
Authors: В. Шаповалова О. , М. Вінник О.
Published: February 2020

Стаття присвячена проблема врегулювання/вирішення конфліктів/спорів у сфері цифрової економіки. Аналізуються акти законодавства України та ЄС, що регулюють цю сферу, з точки зору віддзеркалення в них відповідних процедур. Здійснюється поділ останніх на традиційні, що забезпечують врегулювання/вирішення конфліктів/спорів в умовах традиційної/аналогової економіки, та новітні, використання яких ґрунтується на цифрових технологіях з відповідними перевагами (швидкість, низька вартість чи безкоштовність, зручність). Виявляються прогалини в українському законодавстві шодо застосування онлайн-процедур та пропонуються шляхи вдосконалення правового регулювання з порушених в статті проблем, включно з пропозицією застосування в Україні онлайн-процедури, подібної до європейської (ЄС) платформи ODR. Окрема увага приділяється питанню врегулювання/вирішення конфліктів/спорів щодо електронних реєстрів, зокрема, присутність в таких відносинах публічного інтересу/інтересів і, відповідно, застосування процедур за участю уповноваженого органу, що представляє та захищає ці інтереси.

Ключові слова: цифрова економіка; електронний бізнес; електронні реєстри; врегулювання/вирішення конфліктів/спорів; онлайн-процедури.
The Outcome of Adenoid Surgery by Mirror Guidance
Authors: Rahman Md Asadur , Alam Md Ariful , Hossain ABM Delowar , Haque Md Mahmudul , Ali Md Toyab , Rahaman Md Anisur
Published: February 2020

Adeno- tonsillitis is the commonest disease of the children and the adolescent among the ENT diseases all over the world. Adeno- tonsillectomy is the surgery mostly performed. Conventional curettage method is usually done by most of the surgeons. Residual adenoid tissue remains following this blind approach even with skill hands which is responsible for most of the recurrences. Whatever the device or instrument used in mirror guided surgery chance of recurrence is almost none. Moreover complication is also negligible. 137 cases were studied using this procedure showed very effective result with few complications.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2016; 22(1): 31-35
Outcomes of Cochlear Implantation: A Clinical Study
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Delwar , Fardous Jannatul , Asaduzzaman AKM , Ahamed Md Nasir Uddin , Rahman Munshi Mojibur
Published: February 2020

This retrospective study is based on the assessment of outcomes of Cochlear Implantation (CI) basing on various scoring systems like Category of Auditory Performance (CAP) and Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR). 50 candidates, 45 of them who were implanted at CMH Dhaka, a tertiary referral center for cochlear implantation and 05 were implanted outsides (home and Abroad) between June 2012- January 2015 included in the study. The results were analyzed using the above scoring systems to assess the performance levels of each implantee and to arrive at a cumulative result on the outcome of the implantation. Practical issues of concern to Cochlear Implantation in Bangladesh was also analyzed.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2016; 22(2): 71-77
Prevalence of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in Out Patient Department (OPD) in a District Level 250 Bedded General Hospital, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
Authors: Mahfuz Md Sirajul Islam , A Kabir , Haq AHM Zahurul , Chowdhury Allam , Taous Ahmmad , Islam Md Mozaharul
Published: February 2020

Aims: To find out the prevalence and profile of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) in district level of Bangladesh.
Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study which was carried out patients of chronic suppurative otitis media attended in OPD of 250 Bedded General Hospital, Gopalganj. A total number of 200 patients of CSOM were randomly selected from OPD irrespective of sex and religion during period of July 2015 to June 2016. Age ranging 0- 60 years and person residents of Gopalganj and adjacent districts.
Results: In this study 60.5% were male and 39.5%female. Male Female ratio 3:2. Majority of respondents were age group is 11 to 20 years. (36.5%). Mean age of patient 29.98 years. Maximum families 52% had monthly income of TK 10,000 to 15,000 and maximum patients were dependant (37.5%). 5- 6 family members were highest group (60%), 60% respondent lived in Kacha house, 75% lived in rural area and 35% respondents used to bath in pond. The majority of clinical features were otorrhea (100%), deafness (32%), otalgia (42%), itchy ear (10%), tinnitus (50%), odor from ear (10%) and vertigo (5%). Most of ears (90%) were tubotymponic type of CSOM and medium size perforation were maximum (32.5%).
Conclusion: Prevalence of CSOM is still high in rural area of our country and community found in younger age group. Improvement of socio-demographic factors, health awareness campaign, improved health education and easy accessibility to health care facilities can reduce the incidence of disease.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2016; 22(2): 102-109
Evaluation of Serum parathyroid hormone level measurement in total thyroidectomy patients
Authors: MS Islam , T Sultana , D Paul , AHMZ Huq , S Ferdoushi , AA Chawdhury , MQ Rahman , SU Ahmed , ANN Ahmed
Published: February 2020

Background: Postoperative hypoparathyroidism is a common complication after total thyroidectomy. It is necessary to diagnose hypoparathyroidism immediately after total thyroidectomy for minimizing complications.
Objective: The objective of this study was to measure and to evaluate the serum parathyroid hormone level in total thyroidectomy patients.
Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Clinical Pathology in collaboration with Department of Surgery & Department of Otolaryngology of BSMMU and Department of Otolaryngology of DMCH, Dhaka, during the period of September 2010 to August 2011.
Results: Total 65 patients were studied irrespective of age and sex. Decreased serum PTH was found in 9 cases and normal parathyroid hormone was found in 56 cases. Male was 16.0% and female was 84.0%. Females were predominant. The incidence of hypoparathyroidism was 41.5%. Asymptomatic hypoparathyroidism was found in 8 and symptomatic hypoparathyroidism was found in 1 cases. Decreased serum PTH was developed mostly in malignant thyroid diseases. In relation to preoperative PTH values, intraoperative PTH levels were lower from 5.48% to 90.0%, (mean±SD in percentage is 65.3±16.7, p=.001) which is significant in paired t test. The mean difference of intraoperative (20 minutes after total thyroidectomy), parathyroid hormone levels were statistically significant (p<0.05) between patient with decreased parathyroid hormone and patient with normal parathyroid hormone in unpaired t-test.
Conclusion: Serum parathyroid hormone level significantly decreased 20 minutes after total thyroidectomy. If clinical sign symptoms of hypoparathyroidism are not developed in postoperative period, patient is safe and can be discharged from hospital.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 5-10
Study on Headache in ENT Practice
Authors: Ahmed Fakruddin , Mahmud KA Al , Uddin Md Kamal , Afroz Maleka
Published: February 2020

Headache is perhaps one of the commonest symptoms in all level of medical practice. Though most of the time it is very benevolent in nature. Yet, it may be the presenting symptom of a serious or/and life threatening disorder like meningitis, subarachnoid haemorrhage, stroke or brain tumor. It is this dual significance the one benign, the other potentially malignant that keeps the physician on the alert. This is a random prospective study of 120 cases of headache truly reflecting the sufferings of the victims of headache approaching the ENT specialists for the purpose to determine the exact cause of headache and get a satisfactory treatment.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 19-26
Effect of Anterior Nasal Packing on Eustachian Tube Function and Middle Ear Pressure
Authors: Rahim Md Manjur , Taous Ahmmad , Zafar Md Hasan , Islam Mozharul , Asad Khalid , Ali Md Tayob
Published: February 2020

The present study includes evaluation 60 ears of 30 nasal patients admitted to department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery at Banghabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. Each patient underwent nasal surgery followed by anterior nasal packing for 48 hours. All patients were investigated by tympanometry prior to surgery, 2nd post operative day before pack removal and on 7th post operative day 5 days after pack removal. This study shows that nasal packing result in Eustachian tube dysfunction and negative middle ear pressure which is reversible in nature.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 27-31
Hoarseness of Voice : An Etiological Study
Authors: Ahmmed Salah Uddin , Asaduzzaman AKM , Ahsan Mohammed Ahmed , Hossain Md Zakir , Azad Mohammad Ali , Alam Mohammed Iftekharul
Published: February 2020

Hoarseness of voice is one of the commonest symptom in otolaryngological practice and it indicates diseases ranging from totally benign condition to the most malignant condition. The aim of this study was to analyze clinical profile, to find out common etiological factors and association of common predisposing factors leading to hoarseness of voice. The study was carried out in the department of ENT, CMB, BAF Dhaka, from February 2014 to July 2016. A total of 130 patients having hoarseness of voice were selected coming to the OPD. All the patients then underwent a detailed history, ENT examinations and investigations to reach a diagnosis. Out of total 130 patients 76(58.47 %) were males and 54 (41.53) were females. Male predominance was observed with male female ratio of 1.49: 1. Common age group involved was 31- 40 years in 29 (20.7%) cases. Common etiology included chronic laryngitis in 37 (28.46%) cases, vocal nodules in 20 (15.38%), vocal cord polyp in 18 (13.84%), acute laryngitis in 10 (7.69%), vocal cord cyst in 9 (6.92%), hypothyroidism in 7 (5.38%) and Carcinoma larynx in 6 (4.61%) patients. Most of the etiopathological factors found in this study were treatable disease. So, early diagnosis can reduce the morbidity and mortality
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 47-51
Study of Hearing Status After Canal Wall Down Mastoidectomy with Type-III Tympanoplasty
Authors: Dutta Utpal Kumar , Alam Md Monjurul , Akhter Nasima , Saha Kanu Lal , Hossain Md Abul , Biswas Asim Kumar , Kabir ABM Luthful
Published: February 2020

Objective: To observe hearing status in case of canal wall down mastoidectomy with type III tympanoplasty.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study which was carried out in the departments of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck surgery of Bangabondhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University during the period of July’ 2011 to March’ 2012.A Total 38 patients having cholesteatoma underwent canal down mastoidectomy with type III tympanoplasty,were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to their age. Age belonged to 18 years and more than 18 years were considered as child and adult respectively. Patients were examined thoroughly and preoperative hearing level was assessed by pure tone audiometry one one week before operation. Post operative patients were followed up at regular intervals. Pure tone audiogram (PTA) was done after 8 weeks and hearing assessment was compared by closure of air bone gap.
Results: In this study majority of patients were within 13-17 years in child group and 18- 35years in adult group. Most of patients were male.Closure of air-bone gap was significantly higher in adults. Improvement of hearing status was more in adults.
Conclusion: CWD mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty not only lowers recurrence rate but also improves hearing status although less likely in child and younger age group than adults.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 52-58
Pattern of ENT- Head and Neck Diseases in Outpatient Department in a District Level Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Mahfuz Md Sirazul Islam , Kabir Ahmed , Sharif Ahmed
Published: February 2020

Aims: To determine the pattern of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck diseases in Gopalganj and neighbouring districts.
Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study which was carried out patients of ENT- Head & Neck diseases attendant in 250 Bedded General Hospital, Gopalganj. A total 8700 patients were attendant in OPD during period of July 2015 to June 2016.
Result: In this study 45.55% were male & 54.45% female. Male female ratio 1:1.2. Age ranges from 0 to 90 years, mean age of patients 44.522 years(SD 26.16), majority of patients were age group 0 to 15 (39.10%). Top most ten diseases were chronic tonsillitis (9.50%), adenoid hypertrophy (9%), acute otitis media(7.70%),chronic otitis media(7.59%), rhinitis(7.16%), acute tonsillitis(6.50%), wax(6.40%), hearing loss & tinnitus(5.70%), rhinosinusitis (3.24%), deviated nasal septum (2.80%).
Conclusion: The findings help defining the content and extent of medical curriculum in otorhinolaryngology, there by enriching the local medical graduates in their pursuit of relevant knowledge and skill in managing the relatively common and prevailing ENT diseases in Bangladesh. Therefore, there is a need for increased awareness of the people in developing countries especially in Bangladesh through social campaigns and health education aimed at providing quality ear, nose, and throat health care services.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2017; 23(1): 74-82
Comparative study on Post Tonsillectomy use of Antibiotics and Placebo
Authors: Asad Md Khalid , Islam Md Mozharul , Zafar Md Hasan , Rahim Md Manjur , Selim Md Shahjad , Shumon Ahmed Minhaz
Published: February 2020

Tonsillectomy is the most frequently performed surgical procedure in Otolaryngological practice. We included 110 patients and divided into antibiotic group and placebo group, and followed up upto 7th POD. Parameters of observation were pain, fever, nausea & vomiting, reactionary & secondary haemorrhage, duration of hospital stay and return to normal diet. The result of this study showed that post operative pain and return to normal diet improved in antibiotic treated group than those who received placebo, but there is no statistically significant difference between two groups in respect of fever, nausea & vomiting, reactionary & secondary haemorrhage and duration of hospital stay.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2017; 23(2): 153-158
A Case of Verrucous Carcinoma of Larynx
Authors: Hassan Mahmudul , Alam Md Zahedul , Hanif Mohammad , Islam Md Rafiqul , Khan Saif Rahman , Islam Sofiqul , Mamoon Towsif Bin
Published: February 2020

A 50 years old male patient was admitted with complaints of change in voice for 2 years, dry cough 2 month and difficulty in breathing for 1 month. On examination with fiberoptic laryngoscope, an exophytic lesion covered with whitish plaque involving right vocal cord extending from anterior commissure to right arytenoid region, extending upto the right vestibular area and hanging in the subglottic area was seen. Patient was treated with Microlaryngeal Laser excision and the Histopathology report was suggestive of Verrucous Carcinoma of Larynx.
Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2017; 23(2): 208-211
Effect of Magnetic Field on Dilepton Production Rate in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
Authors: Sethy P. K. , Kumar Y. , Singh S. S.
Published: February 2020

It is believed that a transient strong magnetic field is generated in heavy-ion collision. The strength of this field perpendicular to the reaction plane and is estimated to be around eB=0.03GeV2 at RHIC and eB=0.3GeV2 at LHC. We study the effect of this magnetic field on dilepton yield using a modified quasi particle model. The results show a clear enhancement in dilepton yield and our result is in good agreement with the recently reported results.
Simulating Direct Democracy in the Classroom: a Minimal Group Experimental Design
Authors: Victor Kristina
Published: February 2020

This paper describes a simulation used in American Government and California Politics and California Policy courses. The in-class simulation mimics the use of direct democracy in California over a single election season. Using knowledge from previous class periods students participate in a more active learning environment, to understand some of the impacts of legislating through propositions and how certain groups participate in the political process. The simulation uses a minimal group experimental set-up to allow the students to potentially participate as a member of different group in society. Persistent findings across simulations show lessons for coalition building, leadership, negotiation, resource allocation, campaign strategy, group identity and cohesion, trust among groups, and political apathy.
Not in My Backyard: Public Perceptions of Wildlife and ‘Pest Control’ in and around UK Homes, and Local Authority ‘Pest Control’
Authors: E. Baker Sandra , A. Maw Stephanie , Johnson Paul J. , W. Macdonald David
Published: February 2020

Human–wildlife conflict occurs globally. Attempts to control ‘pest’ wildlife involve killing and harming the welfare of animals on a vast scale. We examined public perceptions of 10 wildlife species/groups and wildlife management, in and around UK homes, and public authority ‘pest control’ provision, in an effort to identify ethical, welfare-friendly ways to reduce conflict. Most people reported never having problems with each of the 10 species, and reported problems for some species were largely tolerated. Wasps, mice, and rats were the most frequently problematic species, the least tolerated, and those for which local authorities most often offered pest control services. Do-It-Yourself pest control was preferred over professional control, except for with wasps. People wanted control to be quick, lasting, and safe for people and non-target animals. Where people accepted lethal control, they were nevertheless concerned for animal welfare. Drivers of pest status were complex, while drivers of demand for control were fewer and species-specific. Local authority pest control provision increased over the four years studied, but only half of councils offered advice on preventing/deterring wildlife; this advice was patchy and variable in quality. Greater focus is required on preventing/deterring rather than controlling wildlife problems. Councils should provide standardised, comprehensive advice on prevention/deterrence and prevention/deterrence services.
Antioxidant Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in 6-Hydroxydopamine Unilateral Intrastriatal Injected Rats
Authors: Andreeva-Gateva Pavlina , Traikov Lubomir , Sabit Zafer , Bakalov Dimitar , Tafradjiiska-Hadjiolova Radka
Published: February 2020

The toxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a highly oxidizable dopamine (DA) analog that is widely used for reproducing several cell processes identified in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Due to the close similarity of its neurotoxic mechanism to those of DA, it is suitable as a model for testing the effects of potentially neuroprotective drugs. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (LA) on brain oxidative stress (OS) in unilateral intrastriatal (6-OHDA) injected rats. Forty male Wistar rats, four months old (220–260 g), were evaluated. Half of them received LA (35 mg/kg i.p.) from the start to the end of the experiment. On day 2 of the trial, ten LA-supplemented rats and ten non-LA-supplemented rats were subjected to the apomorphine test. Brain homogenates were evaluated for thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. The same evaluation procedures were repeated on day 14 with the remaining animals. An increased TBARS level and decreased GPx activity, suggestive for OS, were recorded in homogenates on day 14 vs. day 2 of the experiment in the 6-OHDA treated rats. The simultaneous application of LA mitigated these changes. Our study demonstrates that the low dose of LA could be of value for decreasing the OS of the neurotoxic 6-OHDA, supporting the need for further studies of the benefit of LA treatment in PD.
Improving Sentence Representations via Component Focusing
Authors: Yin Xiaoya , Zhang Wu , Zhu Wenhao , Liu Shuang , Yao Tengjun
Published: February 2020

The efficiency of natural language processing (NLP) tasks, such as text classification and information retrieval, can be significantly improved with proper sentence representations. Neural networks such as convolutional neural network (CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) are gradually applied to learn the representations of sentences and are suitable for processing sequences. Recently, bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) has attracted much attention because it achieves state-of-the-art performance on various NLP tasks. However, these standard models do not adequately address a general linguistic fact, that is, different sentence components serve diverse roles in the meaning of a sentence. In general, the subject, predicate, and object serve the most crucial roles as they represent the primary meaning of a sentence. Additionally, words in a sentence are also related to each other by syntactic relations. To emphasize on these issues, we propose a sentence representation model, a modification of the pre-trained bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) network via component focusing (CF-BERT). The sentence representation consists of a basic part which refers to the complete sentence, and a component-enhanced part, which focuses on subject, predicate, object, and their relations. For the best performance, a weight factor is introduced to adjust the ratio of both parts. We evaluate CF-BERT on two different tasks: semantic textual similarity and entailment classification. Results show that CF-BERT yields a significant performance gain compared to other sentence representation methods.
Compensation Method for Diurnal Variation in Three-Component Magnetic Survey
Authors: Gao Quanming , Cheng Defu , Wang Yi , Li Supeng , Wang Mingchao , Yue Liangguang , Zhao Jing
Published: February 2020

Considering that diurnal variation interferes with three-component magnetic surveys, which inevitably affects survey accuracy, exploring an interference compensation method of high-precision is particularly desirable. In this paper, a compensation method for diurnal variation is proposed, the procedure of which involves calibrating the magnetometer error and the misalignment error between magnetometer and non-magnetic theodolite. Meanwhile, the theodolite is used to adjust the attitude of the magnetometer to unify the observed diurnal variation into the geographic coordinate system. Thereafter, the feasibility and validity of the proposed method were verified by field experiments. The experimental results show that the average error of each component between the observed value of the proposed method and that of Changchun Geomagnetic station is less than 1.2 nT, which indicates that the proposed method achieves high observation accuracy. The proposed method can make up for the deficiency that traditional methods cannot meet the requirements of high accuracy diurnal variation compensation. With this method, it is possible for us to set up temporary diurnal variation observation station in areas with complex topography and harsh environment to assist aeromagnetic three-component survey.
Temporal and Cross-Regional Variability in the Level of Air Pollution in Poland—A Study Using Moss as a Bioindicator
Authors: Kapusta Paweł , Godzik Barbara
Published: February 2020

This study assessed recent (2015) and past (2001) levels of air pollution in four regions of Poland by moss monitoring. The surveyed regions encompassed, among others, copper and zinc-lead industrial districts, large urban agglomerations and an area away from pollution sources. Moss (Pleurozium schreberi) was sampled from 117 sites. In 2001, the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn were determined. In 2015, 10 extra elements were analyzed in addition to these metals. The results showed that the regions substantially differed in the chemical profile of air pollution, which corresponded well with the type of industry and the degree of industrialization and urbanization. There was also a significant change in air pollution between the 2001 and 2015 surveys, but it was inconsistent: its magnitude and direction were both metal-dependent and region-dependent. Namely, while the levels of some metals (e.g., Cd and Pb) decreased, other metals (e.g., Cr and Ni) showed the opposite trend. Importantly, these decreases (or increases) were usually limited to regions of low concentrations of a given metal. The results suggest that air quality has not significantly improved recently, but the type of emissions has changed. It seems that the importance of non-industrial pollution sources has increased.
Progression of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms over Time in an Incident Parkinson’s Disease Cohort (ICICLE-PD)
Authors: Dlay J. K. , Duncan G. W. , Khoo T. K. , Williams-Gray C. H. , Breen D. P. , Barker R. A. , Burn D. J. , Lawson R. A. , Yarnall A. J.
Published: February 2020

Background: Cross-sectional studies have identified that the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) ranges from 70–89%. However, there are few longitudinal studies determining the impact of NPS on quality of life (QoL) in PD patients and their caregivers. We seek to determine the progression of NPS in early PD. Methods: Newly diagnosed idiopathic PD cases (n = 212) and age-matched controls (n = 99) were recruited into a longitudinal study. NPS were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory with Caregiver Distress scale (NPI-D). Further neuropsychological and clinical assessments were completed by participants, with reassessment at 18 and 36 months. Linear mixed-effects modelling determined factors associated with NPI-D and QoL over 36 months. Results: Depression, anxiety, apathy and hallucinations were more frequent in PD than controls at all time points (p < 0.05). Higher motor severity at baseline was associated with worsening NPI-D scores over time (β = 0.1, p < 0.05), but not cognition. A higher NPI total score was associated with poorer QoL at any time point (β = 0.3, p < 0.001), but not changed in QoL scores. Conclusion: NPS are significantly associated with poorer QoL, even in early PD. Screening for NPS from diagnosis may allow efficient delivery of better support and treatment to patients and their families.
Nicotine Induces IL-8 Secretion from Pancreatic Cancer Stroma and Worsens Cancer-Induced Cachexia
Authors: Underwood Patrick W. , Zhang Dong Yu , Cameron Miles E. , Gerber Michael H. , Delitto Daniel , Maduka Michael U. , Cooper Kyle J. , Han Song , Hughes Steven J. , Judge Sarah M. , Judge Andrew R. , Trevino Jose G.
Published: February 2020

Smoking is highly associated with pancreatic cancer. Nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco, is involved in pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance. This work aimed to describe the role of nicotine within the pancreatic cancer tumor microenvironment. Nicotine treatment was used in vitro to assess its effect on tumor-associated stromal cells and pancreatic cancer cells. Nicotine treatment was then used in a pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenograft model to study the effects in vivo. Nicotine induced secretion of interleukin 8 (IL-8) by tumor-associated stroma cells in an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent fashion. The secreted IL-8 and nicotine acted on the pancreatic cancer cell, resulting in upregulation of IL-8 receptor. Nicotine treatment of mice bearing pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenografts had significantly increased tumor mass, increased tumor-free weight loss, and decreased muscle mass. These represent important pathways through which nicotine acts within the tumor microenvironment and worsens pancreatic cancer-induced cachexia, potentially representing future therapeutic targets.
Regorafenib Alteration of the BCL-xL/MCL-1 Ratio Provides a Therapeutic Opportunity for BH3-Mimetics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Models
Authors: Cucarull Blanca , Tutusaus Anna , Subías Miguel , Stefanovic Milica , Hernáez-Alsina Tania , Boix Loreto , Reig María , García de Frutos Pablo , Marí Montserrat , Colell Anna , Bruix Jordi , Morales Albert
Published: February 2020

Background: The multikinase inhibitor regorafenib, approved as second-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sorafenib failure, may induce mitochondrial damage. BH3-mimetics, inhibitors of specific BCL-2 proteins, are valuable drugs in cancer therapy to amplify mitochondrial-dependent cell death. Methods: In in vitro and in vivo HCC models, we tested regorafenib’s effect on the BCL-2 network and the efficacy of BH3-mimetics on HCC treatment. Results: In hepatoma cell lines and Hep3B liver spheroids, regorafenib cytotoxicity was potentiated by BCL-xL siRNA transfection or pharmacological inhibition (A-1331852), while BCL-2 antagonism had no effect. Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, cytochrome c release, and caspase-3 activation mediated A-1331852/regorafenib-induced cell death. In a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) HCC model, BCL-xL inhibition stimulated regorafenib activity, drastically decreasing tumor growth. Moreover, regorafenib-resistant HepG2 cells displayed increased BCL-xL and reduced MCL-1 expression, while A-1331852 reinstated regorafenib efficacy in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model. Interestingly, BCL-xL levels, associated with poor prognosis in liver and colorectal cancer, and the BCL-xL/MCL-1 ratio were detected as being increased in HCC patients. Conclusion: Regorafenib primes tumor cells to BH3-mimetic-induced cell death, allowing BCL-xL inhibition with A-1331852 or other strategies based on BCL-xL degradation to enhance regorafenib efficacy, offering a novel approach for HCC treatment, particularly for tumors with an elevated BCL-xL/MCL-1 ratio.
Eudragit S100 Entrapped Liposome for Curcumin Delivery: Anti-Oxidative Effect in Caco-2 Cells
Authors: De Leo Vincenzo , Di Gioia Sante , Milano Francesco , Fini Paola , Comparelli Roberto , Mancini Erminia , Agostiano Angela , Conese Massimo , Catucci Lucia
Published: February 2020

Curcumin is a natural polyphenol with strong antioxidant activity. However, this molecule shows a very poor bioavailability, instability, and rapid metabolism in vivo. In this work curcumin was loaded in Eudragit-coated liposomes to create a gastroresistant carrier, able to protect its load from degradation and free it at the site of absorption in the colon region. Small unilamellar vesicles were prepared and coated with Eudragit by a pH-driven method. The physico-chemical properties of the prepared systems were assessed by light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The uptake of vesicles by Caco-2 cells and the anti-oxidant activity in cells were evaluated. The produced vesicles showed dimensions of about forty nanometers that after covering with Eudragit resulted to have micrometric dimensions at acid pH. The experiments showed that at pH > 7.0 the polymeric coating dissolves, releasing the nanometric liposomes and allowing them to enter Caco-2 cells. Delivered curcumin loaded vesicles were then able to decrease significantly ROS levels as induced by H2O2 in Caco-2 cells. The proposed work showed the possibility of realizing effective gastroresistant curcumin liposome formulations for the delivery of antioxidant molecules to Caco-2 cells, potentially applicable to the treatment of pathological conditions related to intestinal oxidative stress.
Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Plasma Treatment of Medical Grade Poly(methyl methacrylate)
Authors: Zanini Stefano , Papagni Antonio , Vaghi Luca , Kaur Thatti Baljit , Barton Stephen , Williams Neil , Shokri Navid , Riccardi Claudia
Published: February 2020

Medical-grade poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is widely employed in the fabrication of intraocular lenses (IOLs), but suffers from opacification, a postoperative complication that leads to the failure of the implanted intraocular lenses. The opacification occurs when inorganic-based deposits accumulate on the surface of the IOL and are prevalent in hydrophilic materials. Here, the surface of medical-grade PMMA has been fluorinated by sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) plasma treatment to increase surface hydrophobicity thus improving the material lifetime in optical applications. Hydrophobic properties of the treated PMMA were investigated by means of contact angle measurements, while chemical modification was assessed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR/FTIR) spectroscopy. Surface morphological changes due to possible etching effects were investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The transparency of the treated PMMA was assessed by UV/VIS spectroscopy. Finally, the influence of the plasma treatment on the inorganic salts deposition was investigated by immersion in Simulated Aqueous Humour (SAH), followed by XPS analysis. The modified samples showed less deposition on the surface than the unmodified sample, moreover, a decrease of the transmittance in the UV-violet range (300–430 nm) was detected, open the possibility of interesting applications of this treatment for the creation of a UV filter in ophthalmic optical devices.
An Incompressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (ISPH) Model of Direct Laser Interference Patterning
Authors: Demuth Cornelius , Lasagni Andrés Fabián
Published: February 2020

Functional surfaces characterised by periodic microstructures are sought in numerous technological applications. Direct laser interference patterning (DLIP) is a technique that allows the fabrication of microscopic periodic features on different materials, e.g., metals. The mechanisms effective during nanosecond pulsed DLIP of metal surfaces are not yet fully understood. In the present investigation, the heat transfer and fluid flow occurring in the metal substrate during the DLIP process are simulated using a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) methodology. The melt pool convection, driven by surface tension gradients constituting shear stresses according to the Marangoni boundary condition, is solved by an incompressible SPH (ISPH) method. The DLIP simulations reveal a distinct behaviour of the considered substrate materials stainless steel and high-purity aluminium. In particular, the aluminium substrate exhibits a considerably deeper melt pool and remarkable velocity magnitudes of the thermocapillary flow during the patterning process. On the other hand, convection is less pronounced in the processing of stainless steel, whereas the surface temperature is consistently higher. Marangoni convection is therefore a conceivable effective mechanism in the structuring of aluminium at moderate fluences. The different character of the melt pool flow during DLIP of stainless steel and aluminium is confirmed by experimental observations.