bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A cognitive analysis of animal imagery in digital discourse: a case study of Bengali tweets
Authors: Bhattacherjee Monalisa , Sinha Sweta
Published: August 2023

As explored in relevant literature, both ecolinguistics and cognitive linguistics emphasize metaphors as conceptual devices to frame the reality around us. Animal metaphor forms an interesting domain to comprehend human-animal relationship at the interface of ecolinguistics and cognitive linguistics. Deriving from this, the research questions the suitability of the animalized language through Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) and Conceptual Blending Theory (CBT). Data from Twitter has been analyzed to understand how the animals on social media impacts the human mind in establishing speciesism among Bengali speakers. Hence, to supplement the research with an ecological perspective, a mixed-method approach has been employed using three studies: (1) to understand the general public opinion on using animal metaphor; (2) to present the cognitive operations of the imaginative mind in using animal metaphor; and (3) to check the reflection of human attitude in real-time practices. The research findings highlight the harmful frames that social media can trigger in the mental spaces of the users – excluding animals qua animals. Additionally, the research also empirically verifies that animalized language use is one of the significant factors behind the speciesist attitudes among Bengali speakers. The research also seeks to sensitize humans towards the hateful nature of the animalized tweets.
Rules and Self-Citation
Authors: Simchen Ori
Published: August 2023

I discuss a neglected solution to the skeptical problem introduced by Lewis Carroll’s “What the Tortoise Said to Achilles” (1895) in terms of a self-citational inferential license. I then consider some responses to this solution. The most significant response on behalf of the skeptic utilizes the familiar distinction between two ways of accepting a rule: as action-guiding and as a mere truth. I argue that this is ultimately unsatisfactory and conclude by opting for an alternative conception of rules as representations of behavior deployed for various purposes, some theoretical and others practical. This alternative conception does not allow the skeptical problem to get off the ground.
Inventário de bens culturais e a revisão do plano diretor: as contribuições de um processo participativo em Rio das Ostras- RJ
Authors: Russi Adriana , De Almeida Rita , Alves Verônica , Abrantes Monique
Published: August 2023

Neste artigo relatamos a experiência de um processo participativo no campo dacultura ocorrido em 2019,em Rio das Ostras, município da baixada litorânea do estado do Rio de Janeiro. O inventário de bens culturais se mostrou uma ferramenta estratégica para promover inclusão e transformação social aos vários grupos envolvidos. Tal processocontribui para a legitimidade da revisãodo Plano Diretor local. Nesta jornada, jovens graduandos se tornaram protagonistas aoestimular a participação de outros cidadãos dasociedade civilnas questões das políticas públicas de gestão do território na esfera da governança municipal. As mediações promovidas pela setorial de Memória e Patrimônio, do Conselho Municipal de Cultura e pela Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Rio das Ostras, foram seminais para descobertas e apropriação deste território.
Management Practices for Standard-Risk and High-Risk Patients With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Spindler Derek , Monroe Kimberly K. , Malakh Mayya , McCaffery Harlan , Shaw Rebekah , Biary Nora , Foo Katrina , Levy Kathryn , Vittorino Roselle , Desai Pooja , Schmidt John , Saul D’Anna , Skoczylas Maria , Chang Y. Katharine , Osborn Rachel , Jacobson Emily
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE

Management guidelines for bronchiolitis advocate for supportive care and exclude those with high-risk conditions. We aim to describe and compare the management of standard-risk and high-risk patients with bronchiolitis.

METHODS

This retrospective study examined patients <2 years of age admitted to the general pediatric ward with an International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision discharge diagnosis code of bronchiolitis or viral syndrome with evidence of lower respiratory tract involvement. Patients were defined as either standard- or high-risk on the basis of previously published criteria. The frequencies of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions were compared.

RESULTS

We included 265 patients in this study (122 standard-risk [46.0%], 143 high-risk [54.0%]). Increased bronchodilator use was observed in the standard-risk group (any albuterol dosing, standard-risk 65.6%, high-risk 44.1%, P = .003). Increased steroid use was observed in the standard-risk group (any steroid dosing, standard-risk 19.7%, high-risk 14.7%, P = .018). Multiple logistic regression revealed >3 doses of albuterol, hypertonic saline, and chest physiotherapy use to be associated with rapid response team activation (odds ratio [OR] >3 doses albuterol: 8.36 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.99–35.10], P = .048; OR >3 doses hypertonic saline: 13.94 [95% CI: 4.32–44.92], P = .001); OR percussion and postural drainage: 5.06 [95% CI: 1.88–13.63], P = .017).

CONCLUSIONS

A varied approach to the management of bronchiolitis in both standard-risk and high-risk children occurred institutionally. Bronchodilators and steroids continue to be used frequently despite practice recommendations and regardless of risk status. More research is needed on management strategies in patients at high-risk for severe disease.
A FLEXIBLE MODEL TO RECONSTRUCT EDUCATION-SPECIFIC FERTILITY RATES: SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA CASE
Authors: Yildiz Dilek , Wiśniowski Arkadiusz , Brzozowska Zuzanna , Durowaa-Boateng Afua
Published: August 2023

The future world population growth and size will be largely determined by the pace of fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa. Correct estimates of education-specific fertility rates are crucial for projecting the future population. Yet, consistent crosscountry, comparable estimates of education-specific fertility for sub-Saharan African countries are still lacking. We propose a flexible Bayesian hierarchical model that reconstructs education-specific fertility rates by combining the patchy Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data and the United Nations’ (UN) reliable estimates of total fertility rates (TFR). Our model produces estimates that match the UN TFR to different extents (in other words, estimates of varying levels of consistency with the UN). We present three model specifications: Consistent but not identical with the UN; fully-consistent (nearly identical) with the UN, and consistent with the DHS. Further, we provide a full time series of education-specific TFR estimates covering five-year periods between 1980 and 2014 for 36 sub-Saharan African countries. The results show that the DHS-consistent estimates are usually higher than the UN-fully-consistent ones. The differences between the three model estimates vary substantially in size across countries, yielding 1980–2014 fertility trends that diverge from each other—mostly in level only, but also sometimes in direction.
A developmental perspective of influences on the onset and early trajectory of chronic pain in children attending physiotherapy in primary health care settings: An integrative review
Authors: Meys Amanda , Jones Margaret
Published: August 2023

Chronic pain in childhood leads to long-term social, emotional, physical, and financial impacts, with lifelong heightened pain sensitivities. The prevalence of chronic pain in children has increased over the past 20 years. Physiotherapy is often the place of initial intervention for a child in pain, and initial treatment is predictive of chronic pain and can predict outcomes. Children’s pain experiences and responses are thought to be more modifiable than those of adults; therefore, quality physiotherapy interventions have the potential to positively influence the onset and early trajectory of chronic pain. Using a childhood developmental lens, this integrative review aimed to draw together research literature about biopsychosocial factors influencing chronic pain onset and early trajectory in primary-school-aged children. The results of the review contribute novel understandings for physiotherapists in primary healthcare. A range of biopsychosocial concerns including age at onset and pain duration, neuro-biological aspects, psychological influences, parental impacts, sleep quality, trauma history, and stress interact with children’s learning and development. Taken together, these factors have potential to influence chronic pain onset and early trajectory in children. Adopting a holistic understanding of childhood development in the early management of childhood chronic pain would promote positive physiotherapy interventions and may avoid pathologising what is developmentally normal.
How Can a Technology Enhanced Learning Environment Support Learning-Oriented Assessment in Higher Education?
Authors: Greenspon Rasa , Volungevičienė Airina
Published: August 2023

This study uses a qualitative approach to explore how technology enhanced learning (TEL) contributes to learning-oriented assessment (LOA). The analysis of 9 interviews revealed that a TEL environment may facilitate learning through enabling timely feedback, tracking learning progress, offering innovative and learner-centered assessment methods, and increasing transparency. However, due to a lack of digital assessment competences, teachers may face challenges designing LOA in a TEL environment.
7–8 klasių mergaičių ir berniukų bei jų tėvų motyvuojančių įsitikinimų apie matematiką sąsajos
Authors: Baranauskaitė Emilė , Butkienė Dovilė
Published: August 2023

Straipsnyje pristatomos 7–8 klasių mokinių bei jų tėvų įsitikinimų apie matematinius gebėjimus ir matematikos vertę sąsajos bei šių įsitikinimų palyginimas lyties atžvilgiu. Nustatyta, kad vaikų motyvuojantys įsitikinimai yra susiję su jų tėvų įsitikinimais apie matematiką. Mergaitės apie savo matematinius gebėjimus ir matematikos dalyką atsiliepė prasčiau nei tuos pačius matematikos pasiekimus turintys berniukai, tačiau jų tėvų įsitikinimai apie matematiką lyties atžvilgiu nesiskyrė.
O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA NA INCLUSÃO DE SURDOS: POSSIBILIDADES A PARTIR DA CONCEPÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM CONSTRUÍDA COLETIVAMENTE
Authors: Gomes Rubens Pessoa , Locatelli Solange Wagner
Published: August 2023

A escola contemporânea dialoga com a pluralidade e a diversidade. Nesse cenário, alunos surdos são incluídos em salas regulares e precisam ter acesso aos componentes curriculares em sua primeira língua, a Libras. É perceptível que para estes alunos a aprendizagem de algumas disciplinas, como a Química, por exemplo, se apresenta como um desafio. Assim, este trabalho busca identificar quais são essas dificuldades e como transformá-las. Esse estudo emergiu de uma pesquisa que contemplou outras fases de investigação, porém, aqui, será compartilhado um breve recorte das entrevistas realizadas com professores de Química e com três estudantes surdos do 3° ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola inclusiva da rede particular de ensino da região metropolitana de São Paulo. Essa fase da investigação viabilizou ainda a identificação do papel do intérprete de Libras nesse processo e a percepção de que a inclusão é um movimento que requer empenho de todos os envolvidos.
NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION AND TAGUCHI OPTIMIZATION CONCERNING THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF HCCI ENGINES WITH MULTISTAGE DIRECT INJECTION AND MODIFIED GEOMETRY
Authors: Gupta Gaurav , Mishra Advait , Kulshrestha Saksham , Patel Faisal Moin , Tiwari Nishant , Sharma Abhishek
Published: August 2023

Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines are a promising technology for reducing NOx and smoke emissions compared to conventional compression ignition engines. However, uncontrolled combustion and misfires at low loads due to the unavailability of fuel injectors are major challenges in HCCI engine development. The introduction of a direct fuel injection system, particularly multistage direct injection, has shown improved combustion stability and reduced emissions. Modified piston geometry can further enhance air-fuel mixing and combustion stability, resulting in increased power output and reduced energy loss due to incomplete combustion. The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of different piston bowl geometries and spray angles with multistage injection on improving the thermal performance of HCCI engines. The Taguchi method is used to optimize the engine design and ensure that performance is not compromised while meeting emission standards. Combinations A3 (spray angle: 70 deg), B2 (RPM: 12 × 102), C3 [piston geometry: toroidal combustion chamber (TCC)], A3 (spray angle: 70 deg), B2 (RPM: 12 × 102), C3 (piston geometry: TCC), and A3 (spray angle: 70 deg), B1 (RPM: 9 × 102), and C2 [piston geometry: hemispherical combustion chamber (HCC)] produce the least amount of hydrocarbon (HC), CO, and NOx emissions, respectively. The results further showed that the TCC geometry is best suited for geometry when operated at higher RPMs. Overall, the performance of HCC and TCC is found to be 12% better than a flat piston.
CALIBRATION METHOD OF MICROSCOPIC PARAMETERS FOR SIMILAR MATERIAL OF SURROUNDING ROCK BASED ON DEM
Authors: Lei Zhongdai , Wang Gonghe , Yan Zhiguo
Published: August 2023

Similar materials of surrounding rock are used to simulate the rock mass in the geomechanical model test. The discrete
element method has the advantage of simulating the behavior of fractures between particles at the micro-scale, which
can further reveal the failure mechanism of surrounding rock in combination with the model test. However, microparameters
need to be calibrated before the simulation. In this paper, three kinds of bond models are described, and their
application is analyzed. The soft-bond model is determined as the constitutive model of particles' contacts. Then, the
simulation method of the biaxial test is introduced in detail, and the simulation results of the rigid-wall and flexible-wall methods are compared. Furthermore, based on the control variable method, a large number of biaxial tests are
carried out by the rigid-wall method. Through single-factor sensitivity analysis and multi-factor variance analysis, the
qualitative relationship between macro- and micro-parameters and the significant influencing factors of each macro-parameter are obtained. On this basis, the multivariate nonlinear multi-scale mathematical model is established by
regression analysis. The appropriate micro-parameters are obtained by solving the proposed mathematical model using
three optimization methods combined with the results of laboratory test measurements. This entire process constitutes the calibration method proposed in this paper. The reliability of the calibration method in this paper is verified by comparing the calculated macro-parameters, stress-strain curves, and failure modes with those of laboratory tests.
Enhancing the international competitiveness of the Korean casino industry through model development
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Kim Han-Sol , Seo Won-Seok
Published: August 2023

This study aims to develop models and indicators that can effectively measure the competitiveness of the casino industry. By comprehending the concept of competitiveness within the context of the casino industry and identifying key factors that contribute to competitiveness, the study seeks to provide valuable insights. To achieve this goal, a Delphi survey and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) were conducted with 22 casino industry experts. The research builds upon previous studies that explored competitiveness in national and tourism industries, incorporating their findings into a new model specifically tailored for the casino industry. The initial model, as proposed in previous research, consisted of six overarching concepts and 70 detailed indicators. However, the final model derived from this study comprises five upper concepts, 14 lower concepts, and 49 detailed indicators. The relative weights of the upper concepts were determined, with the most significant contribution coming from the elemental conditions underlying the casino industry (24.4%), followed by government policy (22.6%), which reflects the unique characteristics of the casino industry, and human resources (15.2%). Furthermore, this study presents an overall ranking and weighting of detailed indicators that measure the competitiveness of the casino industry. The top-ranked indicator was “Casino-related R&D support investment budget”, while the 49th place was occupied by “Gallery” with a weight of 0.054%. This research is particularly meaningful as it establishes a comprehensive model for assessing competitiveness in the casino industry and provides prioritization based on detailed measurement items and their respective weights, thus enabling the practical measurement of competitiveness in this specific sector.
Thematic analysis of restaurant service and Dangol customers: Focusing on longevous small businesses
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Han Kyung-Soo , Shin Sun-Hwa
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to conduct in-depth interviews with restaurant owners regarding the concepts of “eating out service” and “dangol customers” and academically analyze the inherent views and factors that are considered when providing eating out services. First, the study found, from the restaurant owner's perspective, the values and philosophies of restaurant services, the difficult reality of small self-employed businesses, and the responsibilities and missions of the restaurant industry. Second, in terms of restaurant operation, the results highlighted the importance of improving and maintaining food tastes and employees to the restaurant's reputation and longevity. Third, in terms of technology, themes included the imperfection of robots and innovative smart devices, as well as positive considerations of serving and cooking robots to fight labor shortages. Finally, regarding dangol customers, this study identified humane and affective feelings that the restaurant owners exchange with them. Food was stressed as fundamentally important in food service, and to overcome the difficult reality of small self-employed businesses, the restaurant owners tried to find an appropriate service position and demonstrate consistent, humble, and pro-customer attitudes. In addition, efforts were made to remember and recognize dangol customers, maintain their trust, and exchange positive sentiments with them, so the relationships can last long. Despite the current technological and physical limitations, a gradual introduction of restaurant service technologies may complement the weakness of the Korean restaurant service industry and enhance its operational efficiency.
Bridging the gap: Comparative implications from accommodation sharing regulations in Korea and abroad
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Choi Hwansuck Chris , Koo Kyung-Yeo
Published: August 2023

This paper discusses the sharing economy's global expansion, highlighting its disruptive influence on traditional economic structures across various sectors. Focusing on accommodation sharing, the study critically examines the existing regulatory frameworks and their shortcomings, using Korea and four overseas cities (San Francisco, New York, Paris, and Amsterdam) as primary cases. This study also analyzed the legal status of workers who operate as suppliers through intermediary platforms in the sharing economy, specifically focusing on whether these workers should be viewed as independent contractors or employees of the platform companies It notes the cultural resonance of the sharing economy and underscores the challenges faced by the Korean government in crafting effective regulations. The research seeks to fill this gap by examining accommodation-sharing regulations in major international cities and Korea. The paper concludes with the call for contextually nuanced, adaptive, and ethically informed regulatory frameworks, underlining the importance of co-regulation and localized strategies in governing the sharing economy.
Comparative study on the level of regional tourism development: Application of the fuzzy-set ideal type analysis and the regional tourism development index data
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Hyun-Ju , Park Gyung-Yeol
Published: August 2023

This study performed a fuzzy-set ideal type analysis using the regional tourism development index data. Specifically, regional tourism development index values of 17 key regions were converted into fuzzy-set affiliation scores, so each region can be compared with one another. The fuzzy-set ideal type analysis helps to identify the degrees and levels of how regions are affiliated to different ideal types and to compare the relative sizes of affiliation scores within each ideal type. This study closely examined tourism carrying capacity (CAP), tourism spending power (SPE), and tourism policy competency (POL) values that constitute the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism’s 2019 regional tourism development index. The analysis generated eight fuzzy-set ideal types. Type I, which scored high in all three domains, included Jeonnam (0.77222), Gangwon (0.63537), Gyeonggi (0.58426), Jeju (0.56939), Gyeongbuk (0.54878), and Chungnam (0.50000). On the other hand, Daejeon (0.93826), Daegu (0.86454), Gwangju (0.86438), Sejong (0.86152), Ulsan (0.73138), and Busan (0.54422) belonged to Type VIII which scored low in all three domains, included. Type I (positive category) covered 35.3% (6 regions) of all regions, while another 35.3% (6 regions) were in Type VIII (negative category). This study presented an explorative application of the fuzzy-set ideal type analysis in the field of tourism policy and, thereby, demonstrated how the methods can be useful in comparing tourism regions and deriving theoretically grounded policy implications.
What Is an Independent Medical Examination?
Authors: Jeong Dushin
Published: August 2023

An independent medical examination (IME) is a medical evaluation performed by a medical professional on a patient who was not previously involved in the treatment of that patient, to evaluate the patient’s course of prior treatment and current condition. IMEs are conducted by doctors, psychologists, and other licensed healthcare professionals in essentially all medical disciplines, depending on the purpose of the exam and the claimed injuries. Such examinations are generally conducted in the context of a legal or administrative proceeding, at the request of the party opposing the patient’s request for benefits. Conducting an independent medical examination does not establish a typical doctor-patient relationship as exists when a clinician treats a patient. Thus, a “limited doctor-patient relationship” exists when conducting independent medical examinations.
Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis due to Osteomyelitis of the Odontoid Process
Authors: Lee Mina , Moon Hye-Jin
Published: August 2023

Recurrent meningitis is defined as more than one episode of meningitis that is separated by an entire recovery period. Causes of recurrent meningitis include anatomical defects, immune deficiency, and parameningeal infections. A thorough investigation of the underlying causes of recurrent meningitis is required for proper treatment. Herein we report a case of recurrent bacterial meningitis caused by osteomyelitis of the odontoid process.
Lexical-semantic Deficit without Semantic Impairment in a Patient with Left Anterior Choroidal Artery Infarction: Neural Correlates Based on Diffusion-tensor Tractography
Authors: Na Han Kyu , Sun Yeeun , Joe Sangwon , Lee Chung Seok , Kim Seokhyun , Choi Yunjung , Joo Haram , Kim Deog Young , Nam Hyo Suk
Published: August 2023

A 35-year-old male presented with atypical aphasia following left anterior choroidal artery infarction associated with distal internal carotid artery dissection. He presented with 1) lexical-semantic deficit without semantic impairment, 2) frequent surface errors (both surface dyslexia and dysgraphia), and 3) intact non-word reading/repetition (preserved sub-lexical route), suggesting deficit in the phonological output lexicon. Diffusion-tensor tractography analysis revealed disruption in the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, which might serve as potential subcortical neural correlates for phonological output lexicon.
Bioelectricity Generation from Bamboo Leaves Waste in a Double Chambered Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Sahari Siti Kudnie , Butit Amir Maina , Ngaini Zainab , Arief Yanuar Zulardiansyah , Kipli Kuryati , Anyi Martin , Awang Asmahani , Muhammad Kashif Muhammad Kashif , Mahmood Mohamad Rusop , Embong Zaidi , Lilik Hasanah Lilik Hasanah , Kram Abdul Rahman , Sawawi Marini
Published: August 2023

This study investigated the utilization of bamboo leaf waste and two varieties of bacterial sources, chicken manure and effective microorganism, in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) at three substrate concentrations (40 g/liter, 80 g/liter, and 160 g/liter). The primary objective was to investigate the kinetics of bacterial growth at various substrate concentrations in the MFC, as well as the effect of light conditions and pH on MFC power generation. The MFC had dual chambers with graphite electrodes serving as the cathode and anode. Within 72 h, the highest power density of 90.05 mV was attained using the highest substrate concentration of bamboo leaf waste and chicken manure during the logarithmic growth phase, albeit with a shorter duration. The longest sustained phase of bacterial activity was observed during the stationary phase, at the highest substrate concentration of 160 g/liter, followed by 80 g/liter and 40 g/liter. These results indicate that the logarithmic phase is the optimal time for bacterial activity in the MFC. However, attaining long-term stability in power generation in the logarithmic phase requires careful parameter optimization.
Are Online Political Influencers Accelerating Democratic Deconsolidation?
Authors: Gibson Rachel , Bon Esmeralda , Darius Philipp , Smyth Peter
Published: August 2023

Social media campaigning is increasingly linked with anti-democratic outcomes, with concerns to date centring on paid adverts, rather than organic content produced by a new set of online political influencers. This study systematically compares voter exposure to these new campaign actors with candidate-sponsored ads, as well as established and alternative news sources during the US 2020 presidential election. Specifically, we examine how far higher exposure to these sources is linked with key trends identified in the democratic deconsolidation thesis. We use data from a national YouGov survey designed to measure digital campaign exposure to test our hypotheses. Findings show that while higher exposure to online political influencers is linked to more extremist opinions, followers are not disengaging from conventional politics. Exposure to paid political ads, however, is confirmed as a potential source of growing distrust in political institutions.
Development of a Web Application Testing Automation Platform
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lipskyi D. O.
Published: August 2023

In the modern fast-paced world of web development, automated testing of web applications has become an integral part of the software development process. This article provides an overview of a platform for automating web application testing, which simplifies the process of creating, executing, and analyzing automated tests. The main components of the platform, their functional capabilities, and advantages are discussed. One of the key components of this platform is a module for interacting with the web application, which provides a convenient way to control the browser and perform actions on web pages, such as navigation, form filling, clicking on elements, and more. This enables automated verification of various aspects of web application functionality and correctness. Another important component is the reporting module, which ensures the collection and storage of test results. It allows for the creation of detailed reports on executed tests, identified errors, and other useful information. This module helps understand the state of the software, facilitates the detection of issues, and simplifies error reproduction. The platform also includes a module for creating test data, which can be useful for generating random data, loading test datasets from databases or external files. This allows developers to create various testing scenarios and execute them on different data sets. One of the key advantages of this platform is the ability to configure testing parameters for different projects and environments. Developers can set different configurations, such as browser types, versions, extensions, and utilities used, for each individual project. This allows for customization of testing according to specific needs and ensures maximum compatibility. The platform also provides additional utilities to facilitate the testing process, such as integration with code repositories, version control systems, build automation, and deployment tools. This contributes to fast and efficient test execution, simplifies their integration into the development process, and improves overall software quality. Overall, this web application testing automation platform provides developers with convenient tools that simplify the testing process, ensure high-quality software, and facilitate the rapid deployment of web applications.
Early and late outcomes of patients who underwent en-bloc multiorgan resection in locally advanced gastric cancer and factors affecting the result
Authors: AYDIN Osman , ÖZGÜN Yiğit Mehmet , ÖTER Volkan , ÇOLAKOĞLU Muhammet Kadri , PİŞKİN Erol , KAKİL Erdem , UÇAR Gökhan , BOSTANCI Erdal Birol
Published: August 2023

Background and Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the early and late results of patients with adjacent organ invasion (cT4b) who were operated for locally advanced gastric cancer in a high-volume center and to investigate the factors affecting survival. Material and Methods: Patients who underwent gastrectomy and en-bloc adjacent organ resection due to locally advanced gastric cancer between 2015 and 2019 were included in the study. Results: Radical gastrectomy and en-bloc additional organ resection were performed in 54 patients out of 435 patients who were operated for gastric cancer due to clinical T4b tumors. The mean age of all patients was 61.87 ± 12.67years. The median survival was found to be 16.5 (1 - 72) months. First-year survival was achieved in 37 (68.5%) patients, three-year survival in 11 (20.3%) and five-year survival in only 4 (7.4%) patients. Considering the factors affecting long-term survival, it was seen that postoperative complications affected survival significantly (p = 0.04). We found that performing R1 resection (p = 0.001), large tumor diameter (p = 0.02), presence of lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.024) and presence of perineural invasion (p = 0.024) adversely affected long-term survival. Conclusion: Adequate lymph node dissection and en bloc R0 resection with adjacent organ are important for long-term survival in patients with clinical T4b gastric cancer. Surgery should be performed regardless of the T-stage of the tumor. In this respect, surgery performed with adequate R0 resection can be considered as an independent prognostic factor affecting survival. Other factors affecting long-term survival are lymph node metastasis, tumor size, post-operative complications, and vascular and perineural invasion.
Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm'un (Apiaceae) Anatomik, Antimikrobiyal ve Antimutajenik Özellikleri
Authors: ULCAY Sibel , ÖĞÜTCÜ Hatice , ÇEKER Selçuk , AĞAR Güleray
Published: August 2023

Bu araştırmada,Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm’un anatomik, özellikleri, antimikrobiyal ve antimutajenik aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır.Bitkinin kök korteks bölgesi oldukça daralmış olup kambiyum 3-4 katmanlıdır. Gövde ve yaprak, epidermis örtü tüylerine sahiptir. Gövde korteksinde çok sayıda salgı kanalı ve kollenkima hücresi belirlenmiştir. Yaprağın her iki yüzeyi palizat parankiması hücreleri içerir. Sünger parankiması hücreleri, mezofilin merkezinde ince bir tabaka halinde olup ve 1-2 sıralıdır. Stomalar anomositiktir. T. latifolia'nın metanol yaprak ekstraktının antibakteriyal ve antifungal aktivitesi, Gram (+) (Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis) ve Gram (-) (Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudumonas aeroginosa, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes) bakterilerine ve mayaya (Candida albicans) karşı araştırıldı. Ekstrakt, farklı patojenik suşların gelişmesi üzerinde değişen derecelerde inhibisyon etkisi göstermiştir. Ek olarak, T. latifolia'nın metanol yaprak ekstresinin (TLm) mutajenik aktivitesi analiz edildi. Sonuçlar, TLm'nin 10, 25 ve 50 uL'lik konsantrasyonlarının antimutajenik aktiviteye sahip olduğunu gösterdi.
GİRİŞİMCİLİK FIRSATLARI: AKILLI ŞEHİR VE DİJİTALLEŞME
Authors: KORKMAZ H. Ufuk
Published: August 2023

Dördüncü Sanayi Devriminin temel unsurlarından en önemlileri olarak kabul edilen bilgi, değişim, hız ve inovasyon girişimciler için yeni iş fırsatlarının önünü açmaktadır. Yaratıcılık, inovasyon, iş birliği ve problem çözme yetkinlikleri girişimcileri fırsatları belirlemede ve hayata geçirmede ise bir adım ileriye taşımaktadır. İş fikri geliştirme fırsatı arayan girişimciler için dijitalleşme, günümüzde en önemli iş sahalarını açan bir anahtar olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Girişimcilerin, hayata geçirdikleri dijitalleşme tabanlı Ar-Ge ve teknoloji içeren iş fikirlerinin şehirlerin kalkınmasına fayda sağladığı görülmektedir. Akıllı şehirlerde bulunan birçok farklı alandaki avantajlı uygulamaların bireyler tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılması ile şehirlerdeki yaşam kalitesinin arttığı bilinmektedir. Çalışmada teknoloji tabanlı inovatif çözümlerin hayata geçirildiği akıllı şehir uygulamaları incelenmektedir. Hem ulusal hem de uluslararası başarılı akıllı şehir uygulamalarına yer verilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye’de akıllı şehirlerin yaygınlaştırılmasında ve bu şehirlerde yaşayan bireylerin elde edeceği faydaların artırılmasında girişimcilerin geliştirebileceği dijitalleşme tabanlı fırsat alanlarının neler olabileceğine yönelik öneriler verilmesidir.
BÜROKRASİ TEORİLERİ’NİN YÖNETİM PSİKOLOJİSİ BAĞLAMINDA TEORİK BİR TAHLİLİ
Authors: ŞAKAR Zübeyr
Published: August 2023

Bürokrasi, günümüzde tanımsal genişliğe sahip bir kavramdır. Bürokrasinin ilgili tanımsal genişliği, devlet faaliyetlerinin büyümesi ve genişlemesi süreciyle yakından bağlantılıdır. Devlet faaliyetleri geliştikçe ve büyüdükçe bürokrasinin farklı yönleri ve biçimleri ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Bürokrasi kavramı ilk önce devlet yönetimini ve teşkilatını tanımlamak için kullanılırken, zamanla bu anlam olumsuz bir kavramsallaştırmaya dönüşmüştür. Bilimsel anlamda bürokrasi kavramı, ilk kez Weber ile teorik bir çerçeve bulmuş ve kamu yönetimi teorilerinin ayrılmaz bir parçasını oluşturmuştur. Weber’den sonraki bürokrasi teorisyenleri ve düşünürleri ise Weber’in yasal-ussal bürokrasisine çeşitli eleştiriler getirerek, yeni teoriler ortaya koymaya çalışmışlardır. Michels, Djilas, Gouldner, Rizzi
ve Mises başta olmak üzere pek çok düşünür Weberyan bürokrasiye eleştirel bir açıdan bakmışlar ve onu dönemlerinin ruhu ve psikolojisiyle yorumlamışlardır. Bu bağlamda çalışma, tarihsel gelişimle birlikte bürokrasinin teorik yapısında meydana gelen değişimlerin psikolojik izdüşümlerini anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışma, bürokrasi teorilerinin yönetim psikolojisi bağlamında incelenmesini ve kavramın pratikte neye karşılık geldiğini anlamaya çalışmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın nitel özelliğe sahip olduğu ifade edilmelidir.
A Review of Alzheimer’s Disease and Inflammation: Pathogenesis, Inflammatory Processes, and Novel Insights from the Artificial Intelligence Perspective
Authors: Patel Bipin , Walker Robert , Capó Marco , Cusimano Nicole , Comas Jorge , Garcia Daniel , Cruickshank Garth , Ginn Claire
Published: August 2023

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease which is characterised by the increased deposition and spread of extracellular β-amyloid plaques and intracellular hyperphospho-rylated tau as neurofibrillary tangles. This is thought to be driven by the sustained activation of brain microglia and astrocytes. In this review, we will provide an overview of the current understanding of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, the role of inflammation and associated factors in disease progression as well as current treatments including those in late-stage clinical trials. We will also discuss how machine learning has been previously used to create Alzheimer’s disease risk metrics and the potential for blood-based inflammatory factors to be used to create an artificial intelligence-based Alzheimer’s disease early warning system. The development of an Alzheimer’s disease-based early warning system would enable the improved use of existing and future disease-modifying agents and thereby help to slow or halt disease progression.
Assessing Access to And Outcomes of Medical Oncology and Radiation Oncology Consultation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Study Using Administrative Data
Authors: Febbraro Michela , Juergens Rosalyn , Pond Gregory
Published: August 2023

Background: Therapeutic advances in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have shifted treatment away from chemotherapy towards immunotherapy, monoclonal antibody, and tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Most studies focusing on access to specialist care and lung cancer treatment were conducted before novel therapeutic strategies in NSCLC. This study aimed to better understand and inform referral practices for patients with NSCLC in Ontario. Methods: A retrospective population-based study using linked administrative healthcare data was conducted between 2010 and 2019. The study cohort was defined as patients, aged 18 years of age or older, with a stage I to IV NSCLC diagnosis in Ontario. Primary outcome: medical oncology or radiation oncology consultation within 120 days of diagnosis. Prognostic factors for consultation and receipt of treatment were identified using logistic regression. Results: 73,849 patients were diagnosed with NSCLC with 61.3% and 50.9% receiving a medical oncology or radiation oncology consultation respectively. The median time to consultation was 24 days (interquartile range [IQR] 13-49 days). As the stage increased, consultation was more likely (odds ratio [OR] 6.07, 95% CI 5.78-6.38). As the distance to the nearest cancer center increased consultation was less likely (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.67-0.78). Stage III NSCLC and patients aged 40-44 years were more likely to receive treatment OR 4.09 (95%CI 3.82-4.38) and OR 3.28 (95% CI 2.51-4.28) respectively. Conclusion: Even in a universal health care system, socioeconomic factors impact a patient’s access to specialist care. Given newer, more effective therapeutic options for NSCLC, access to specialist care must be equitable.
In What Ways Can We Have Positive Responses to Evil Characters in Film?
Authors: Guo Yi
Published: August 2023

This article is based on the fact that more and more evil characters are liked by the audience in the process of shaping movie characters. Through examples, I have read many reference articles and got the following points after thinking: the point of audiences, the point of society, and aesthetic form of film. It would explore and discuss with the development of our films, why audiences are gradually obsessed with some evil characters and some evil characters even are more attractive and captivating than some ideal heroes. Furthermore, these evil characters in these movies even be madly pursued by a lot of fans, which also pose some negative or positive effects to the society. This is completely different from the appreciation habits of the audience before. Through research, the evil characters are loved by the audience, which is inseparable from our audience's sympathy, life experience, social reality, and aesthetic changes. This kind of research provides a certain reference value for the future analysis of these evil roles, shaping the evil roles and reflecting on our society.
The Urban Mirror in the Makings of Memories
Authors: Chen Xinzhu
Published: August 2023

The modern individuals are not passive containers of their memories. Rather, they are subjects who create memories. Memories are mirrors, the very apparatus upon which people identify themselves. Under personal motives or desires, they consciously or unconsciously create their own versions of the past, by subjectively neglecting some essential and stressful “others,” capturing some particular moments, and empowering certain details with special meanings. When modern individuals are petrified by their confusion or loss, they strive to “create” identity for themselves – a solid shelter to provide a strong sense of belonging, which at the same time generates an “othering” process within the dominant discourse. There are many versions of the past within people’s minds, while the ontological “past” is always under the weight of multiple “interpretations.” Literature and films are crucial means in this process of reconstructing “history.” Certain entrenched beliefs are constructed in people’s minds by interior or external forces, powers, and desires. However, those concepts also face challenges of deconstruction every now and then. This paper attempts to explore the process of reconstructing history by creating private and collective memories in modern and contemporary Chinese literature and films centering on the city of Shanghai along with some other urban narratives.
The Impact of Digital Finance on Income Gap: An Empirical Investigation from the Perspective of Banking Digitalization
Authors: Shen Yuxin , Wu Zhiwei
Published: August 2023

This study investigates the heterogenous effect of digital finance on narrowing income gap. It is found that Internet digital finance and digital finance in banking both help narrow income gap and a U-shaped relation is found between digital finance development and income gap. Internet digital finance alleviates information constraints, while digital finance in banking alleviates credit constraints in narrowing income gap. The two forms of digital finance have stronger effects on the income gap in economically and digitally underdeveloped areas. This study provides suggestions for developing digital finance, breaking the dual urban-rural financial structure and promoting common prosperity.
Urban Cultural Heritage Protection and Cultural City Construction
Authors: Zezhong Duan
Published: August 2023

At the intersection of history and modernity, inheritance and development, cultural heritage is a fascinating and weighty topic. How to inherit cultural heritage while carrying out modernization is worthy of thinking and exploration by every city and people. Cultural heritage is not only yesterday's glory, today's wealth, but also tomorrow's hope. Therefore, in the face of various problems and challenges in the protection of cultural heritage, it is necessary to examine it from the perspective of cultural strategy, and think and analyze it from the perspective of overall, macro, strategic and development.
An Analysis of the Case of Art Plagiarism Controversy for Learning Ethics Education in the Art Creating Field
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Lee Jung woo , Kim Ji in , Lee Ji hyoun , Kim Kwang sik , Park Hye shin , Yoon su in
Published: August 2023

This study is a basic study for learning ethics education in the art creating field, and to understand the types of plagiarism and considerations by type that can be used in learning ethics education in the art creating field, cases of plagiarism in the art field were considered. Through case-by-case categorization, similarity judgment requirements embodied in the art creating field were derived. As a result of the study, first, it was confirmed that it is necessary to consider whether there is a possibility that the same expression and method occur repeatedly in the type of ‘significantly intentional similarity’ that can be seen as plagiarism. Second, in the type of 'similarity due to the identity of the object to be expressed', it was confirmed that it was necessary to first consider whether it was similar due to the factual description of the same object and whether it was an area of universal ideas. Third, in the 'similarity due to the identity of materials, it should be considered whether it is a problem raised simply by the use of the same material and the use of materials of simplified abstract forms. Fourth, it was confirmed that in the type of “similarity due to the universality of objects and compositions,” the possibility of proof of key creative elements existing in previous works should be considered first. Fifth, in the type of 'similarity due to appropriation', the judgment on whether a new meaning of creation is established compared to the original work and whether it is intentional and public should be considered first. Sixth, in the type of 'transformed similarity', it has been confirmed that a careful approach is needed considering the context of the author, focusing on overall concept and feeling-oriented judgment.
Extreme Weather and Real Estate: A Case Study of the Jamaican Housing Market
Authors: Spencer Nekeisha
Published: August 2023

The damaging effects of extreme weather on residential real estate are concerning for many countries around the world. Results from combining hurricane and rainfall events with 16 years of data on sale prices of land, apartments and the value of mortgages across different localities in Jamaica reveal that the housing market should take urgent adaptation measures. While hurricanes play a role in reducing apartment prices, they do not affect residential housing prices and the value of existing mortgages. The study also demonstrates that extreme rainfall reduces the value of new mortgages. The results point to the importance of climate adaptation for the real estate market and property investment.
Políticas públicas para valorar el trabajo remunerado del hogar en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Suaya Agustina , Kaplan David S. , Etcheverry Luciana
Published: August 2023

El trabajo doméstico emplea a una porción importante de las mujeres en la región, pero sólo una minoría de ellas accede al sistema de seguridad social. La informalidad laboral observada en este sector duplica a la informalidad promedio del resto de los asalariados en la región. Esta nota presenta datos sobre la situación del trabajo doméstico en América Latina, para luego discutir las políticas implementadas para aumentar la formalización laboral de las trabajadoras del hogar en la región. Finalmente, se presentan algunas acciones que podrían aumentar los niveles de registro laboral en este sector y mejorar la calidad de este tipo de empleo.