bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chaînes de référence dans les textes médiévaux non-narratifs : les Year Books ou l'élaboration d'une écriture juridique
Authors: Capin Daniéla
Published: September 2014

Cette étude examine l’agencement des chaînes de référence dans des textes juridiques médiévaux du 13 e siècle, les textes de l’ Anglo-Norman Year Books Corpus . Après une présentation des spécificités du corpus tant sur le plan linguistique que textuel et une modélisation des différentes chaînes attestées (chaînes de référents humains ou non-humains), l’étude examine le fonctionnement de chaque catégorie. Une attention particulière est apportée à la distance inter-maillonnaire et au type de maillon manifeste à l’entrecroisement des chaînes. Ainsi, parallèlement à l’étude référentielle, sont signalés des phénomènes linguistiques spécifiques à l’anglo-normand. L’objectif de l’étude est de montrer que la composition des chaînes joue un rôle important dans la caractérisation des textes du domaine juridique ; elle cherche à évaluer l’impact des chaînes dans l’élaboration de l’écriture juridique, aussi bien médiévale que moderne.
Path Planning of Robot Based on Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Shan Bao Ming , Zhang De Xiang
Published: September 2014

This paper presents a method for robot path planning based on ant colony optimization algorithm, in order to resolve the weakness of ant colony algorithm such as slow convergence rate and easy to fall into local optimum and traps. This method uses anti-potential field to make the robot escape from them smoothly, and at the end of each cycle, uses the way of judge first and then hybridization to optimize the algorithm. Finally, the simulation results show that the performance of the algorithm has been improved, and proved that the optimization algorithm is valid and feasible.
Research on Variable Rate Fertilization Control System Based on Fuzzy PID
Authors: Huang Jin Xia , Zhou Hai Bo , Wang Jun Fa , Hou Yan
Published: September 2014

According to the operator experiences, the variable rate fertilization system based on the fuzzy self-tuning PID controller is researched in this paper, which is driven by electrically and hydraulic system. This system solves the problem that the parameters adjustment of the traditional PID is difficult. The system model is presented and is simulated by using MATLAB/ SIMULINK toolbox. The simulation results shows that the fuzzy self-tuning PID control could obtain better dynamic response and achieve the expected control effects. In order to verify this control system performance, many experiments are carried on in the lab. The experiments results show that the variable rate fertilization system based on fuzzy self-tuning PID control has high control accuracy and could meet the control requirements of the variable rate fertilization in precision agriculture.
Flaw Detection in Aluminum Plate by Shear Horizontal Guided Wave Based on Magnetostriction EMAT
Authors: Chen Le , Wang Yue Min , Geng Hai Quan
Published: September 2014

Shear horizontal (SH) guided waves have been proved to be a viable method in the Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE). Electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMAT) can excite SH waves easily. By bonding the Fe-Co alloy to the test sample, the SH guided waves based on magnetostriction effect can be used to detect the flaw in nonferromagnetic material. The principle of exciting and receiving SH waves is introduced, and an experiment is carried out to validate the result.
Elementary Transformation of Generalised Inverse Ai- and Least Square Solution of Contradictory Equations Set
Authors: Chen Hui Ru
Published: September 2014

A solution for least square generalised inverse Ai- is found by elementary transformation of block matrix, and is further used to solve the contradictory equations set in Article [1].
Parking Information Interaction of Global Internet of Things Based on the Timer and Elastic Pressure Switch Sensor Combination
Authors: Xi Jian Zhong
Published: September 2014

Parking information release is large flow, and released information is not timely and accurately. In order to solve these problems the global internet of things of stereoscopic parking system is proposed based on the timer control to the parking information. The system will be use the core technology of internet of things and combination of timer and elastic pressure switch with a pressure sensor, and using their electrical circuit to realize the parking information acquisition, storage, and release with reliable and accurately. Experimental result shows the electrical circuits will be better and accurately obtained the parking information. The car user uses the vehicle terminal to search the target parking lot and to receive the parking information. Future gradually extended to the smart phone and on board navigator system. This system will be to alleviate the urban traffic and improve the utilization efficiency of urban parking lot, for the future of the city and social development to provide better technical support and basis.
Intelligent Optimization of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler
Authors: Chang De Gong , Ju Yun Peng
Published: September 2014

BP neural network can predict and establish a relationship between the parameters of boiler operation. Because this method has certain errors, so this paper presents a optimization method based on genetic algorithm. The method uses the genetic algorithm to optimize the key parameters of boiler operation and search out the maximum boiler efficiency taking advantages of genetic algorithm's global search function. According to optimization results obtained, the staff can adjust the parameters of the boiler and achieve the purpose of optimizing.
High Efficiency Phosphorus Flocculants Prepared with Red Mud for Treating Lake Water
Authors: Zhang Wen Qin , Li Bo Lin , Li Ye , Liang Ya Nan
Published: September 2014

In this study, different acid modification methods were used to prepare two types of inorganic flocculation compounds. First, under simulated wastewater conditions, the optimal input quantity for phosphorus elimination of flocculant #1 was 0.5 g/L, and the optimal agitation conditions were rapid agitation at 300 rpm for 60 s followed by slow agitation at 20 rpm for 15 min. The optimal input amount of flocculant #2 was 0.8 g/L, and the optimal agitation conditions were rapid agitation at 300 rpm for 30 s followed by slow agitation at 100 rpm for 10 min. Then they were used to treat water from the East Lake. The removal rates of TP, ammonia nitrogen, COD, and turbidity by flocculant #1 were 91.45%, 60.90%, 80.71%, and 93.05%, respectively; the corresponding removal rates by flocculant #2 were 92.74%, 58.49%, 76.92%, and 84.66%, respectively. The discharged water for both flocculants had TP and COD concentrations that met the type III standards in GB3838-2002.
Research on ELID Ultra-Precision Grinding Performance of SiCp/Al Composites
Authors: Guan Jia Liang , Zhu Lei , Chen Ling , Ma Xin Qiang , Zhang Xiao Hui
Published: September 2014

The electrolytic in-process dressing (ELID) grinding technology was adopted for ultra-precision grinding experiments of SiCp/Al composites; the machined surface roughness can obtain Ra0.030μm. The experiments show that: with the grinding wheel rotation speed of 1500r/min, the grinding depth of 0.1μm, and feed speed of 2m/min and using W5 cast iron bonded diamond grinding wheel, the grinding effect can achieve optimal.
Investigation of Grinding Characteristics of Cemented Carbides YL10.2 and YF06
Authors: Xu Tao , Yu Jian Wu , Zhang Zhong Jian , Tu Jian Gang , Liu Xiang Zhong , Wu Yao , He Li Hua
Published: September 2014

YL10.2 and YF06 are ultrafine-grained cemented carbides, and grinding experiments were carried out with resin-bonded diamond grinding wheel. Based on measured grinding force, surface roughness and SEM topography, experimental results were analyzed; grinding forces and depth of grinding approach linear correlation; and the grinding force of YF06 is greater than that of YL10.2 in rough grinding, but the grinding force increases significantly if depth of cut is greater than a certain value in finish grinding. The trend of machined surface roughness looks like “V” type with the increasing of depth of cut; the material removal behavior of ultrafine-grained cemented carbides in grinding was observed; the ploughing and fragmentation exist simultaneously on the ground surface, and the dominated material removal behavior depends on the grinding parameters or chemical composition of workpiece.
Optimization of Grinding Conditions in Non-Axisymmetric Aspherical Grinding
Authors: Yoshihara Nobuhito , Nakagawa Tomoharu , Nishikawa Naohiro , Mizuno Masahiro
Published: September 2014

Form accuracy and smooth surface is required in precision grinding. And the form accuracy and surface roughness are improved year by year. However, the more the surface roughness becomes smooth, the more the grinding marks become remarkable. The grinding mark deteriorates the uniformity of ground surface. In this study, relationship between the uniformity of non-axisymmetric aspherical ground surface and grinding condition is analyzed theoretically. As a result, it is found that there are optimum grinding conditions.
Investigation of Glass Polishing Motion Based on Micro-Oscillating Pressing Force with a Compact Robot and Fine Diamond Stone
Authors: Wu Wei , Liu Yu Dong , Hirogaki Toshiki , Aoyama Eiichi
Published: September 2014

To reduce the environmental impact of abrasive polishing, we have investigated using a compact robot and fixed-abrasive polishing. We look at a five-joint closed-link compact robot with a fine diamond stone on its main axis to polish a glass plate. In this method, we measured the chatter vibration in glass polishing motion due to the low stiffness of the robot arm. Therefore, we estimated a dynamic characteristic of the robot arm by a hammering test and measured the friction coefficient between the glass plate and the abrasive stone. From these results, we attempted a novel polishing method to prevent its self-vibration using micro-oscillating pressing force with a voice coil motor. As a result, the proposed method of polishing a glass plate with a compact robot and a fine diamond stone was found to be effective.
Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Full Pearlite Obtained by Cladding Low Carbon Steel to Hypoeutectoid Steel
Authors: Gao Xing Jian , Jiang Zheng Yi , Wei Dong Bin , Kosasih Bu Yung , Jiao Si Hai , Chen Deng Fu
Published: September 2014

The dry sliding wear behaviour of the full pearlite in a novel bimetal consisting of low carbon steel and hypoeutectoid steel has been studied by means of pin-on-disc type wear tests at room temperature. Thermomechanical treatments were performed on the bimetallic samples to obtain different interlamellar spacings. It was found that interlamellar spacing decreased with an increase in plastic strain to a great extent initially and followed by a lower extent of decrease. This decrease not only increases the hardness and strain hardening capacity of the fully pearlitic microstructure, but also is in favor of stabilizing the friction coefficient during sliding process. The observations of wear tracks show that delamination dominated the wear process when interlamellar spacing is higher than 200 nm, while pronounced oxidational wear occurred with interlamellar spacing below 200 nm.
Influence of Tool Shape and Coating Type on Machined Surface Quality in Face Milling of CFRP
Authors: Furuki Tatsuya , Hirogaki Toshiki , Aoyama Eiichi , Kodama Hiroyuki , Ogawa Keiji
Published: September 2014

Since demands for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) are increasing, the number of the studies on machining of CFRP is also increasing. However, since there are already reports on a trimming of a surplus portion or a drilling, we focus on a face machining and a generating the step shape with several cutting tools. Problems in the machining of CFRP include an occurrence of the burr and delamination. Therefore, in this report, we investigate these problems in face milling. And, the machining behavior (Cutting temperature, Cutting force) during the machining is estimated.
Synergistic and Strengthening Mechanism of Twin Boundaries under Nanoindentations for Cadmium Telluride Semiconductors
Authors: Zhou Hong Xiu , Duan Neng Dong , Wang Bo
Published: September 2014

In this study, eight nanotwinned cadmium telluride (CdTe or CZ) models were employed to investigate the synergistic and strengthening mechanism of twin boundaries under nanoindentations, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Twin thickness between adjacent boundaries of 16 nm exhibited the maximum hardness during unloading conditions, among eight MD models with twin thickness varied from 4 to 23 nm. The maximum hardness was formed by the synergistic and strengthening effect induced by the stress fields between upper and lower twin boundaries under nanoindentations. When the twin thickness was less than 16 nm, the hardness increased with increasing twin thickness. Whereas, when the twin thickness was more than 16 nm, the hardness decreased with increasing twin thickness.
Advanced Abrasive Processes for Manufacturing Prototype Mirror Segments for the World’s Largest Telescope
Authors: Walker David , Davies Gary , Fox-Leonard Tony , Gray Caroline , Mitchell John , Rees Paul , Wu Hsing Yu , Volkov Andy , Yu Guo Yu
Published: September 2014

This paper describes the application of loose-abrasive processes to the manufacture of 1.4 meter, off-axis aspheric, hexagonal mirror-segments. These are prototypes for the 39 m European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). The application of active forces to correct the overall form of segments in the telescope, means that the overall form-accuracy achieved in polishing can be less critical than for a non-active mirror. However, it is a requirement that the base-radii and conic constants of mirror-segments are very closely matched, so that the combined image is not degraded. This means that abrasive processes have to operate with respect to anabsoluterather thanrelativedatum. Furthermore, there are stringent requirements on mid-spatial frequency defects on segment surfaces, and on edge-roll. These control stray-light, and ultimately detectability of faint astronomical targets. We describe the CNC abrasive techniques we have developed in response. We then demonstrate the success of the approach, which represents the first time ever that segments have been processed entirely in the hexagonal shape:- a milestone in loose-abrasive processing. Finally, we address up-scale for the unprecedented number of segments required for the E-ELT build-phase.
Measuring Surface Topography of a Diamond Wire Using an Image Processing Method
Authors: Sakaguchi Akihiro , Kawashita Tomoyuki , Matsuo Shuji
Published: September 2014

Photovoltaic power, a well known renewable energy source, has been introduced on a global basis. A popular variation has many solar battery cells constituted by a polycrystalline or a single crystal silicon wafer. Therefore each cell’s conversion efficiency from solar energy to electrical energy is very essential. Recently, a fixed grain wire method, in which the wafer is sliced by a wire fixing grains on the surface with a bond or an electrodeposition, is employed in that slicing process. Thus, the wire surface topography must be obtained in order to sustain reliable accuracy. In this paper, the measurement method of a diamond wire surface topography using an image processing method is proposed. According to this method, the distribution of grains on the surface can be expressed numerically after grains are extracted from the captured images of the wire surface. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme was verified through a measurement experiment for a diamond wire.
Experiment Research on ZrO2 Engineering Ceramics with Abrasive Belt Grinding
Authors: Zhang Die , Huang Yun , Yin Xian , Zhou Li Qi , Yang Yu Hang , Yong Lu
Published: September 2014

Abrasive belt grinding experiments of ZrO2Engineering Ceramics are carried out by using 4 different abrasive belts. The orthogonal test with zirconia-corundum belt was to get the best grinding parameter, the amount of material removal workpiece surface roughness and belt wear were measured to get the best grinding parameter.In this paper,the influence of abrasive belt granularity and different grinding parameters to grinding efficiency and workpiece surface quality throughout the process of grinding ZrO2Engineering Ceramics was analyzed. Analysis wear mechanism of engineering ceramics based on the Abrasive cutting model by observing the surface morphology. The results show that increasing the grinding force or the abrasive belt granularity can decrease the workpiece surface roughness;With the abrasive belt speed or grinding force increasing,the material removal rate and the wear ratio to some extent, but brittle fracture is occued easily on its surface when exceeds the critical value; When the abrasive belt speed is 19m/s,the grinding force is 15N and the abrasive belt granularity is 120#, ZrO2Engineering Ceramics grinding effects reach the best.
Optimized Process Sequences for Prototyping of Molded Interconnect Devices
Authors: Jürgenhake Christoph , Fechtelpeter Christian , Dumitrescu Roman , Heidsiek Daniel
Published: September 2014

The MID technology offers a high potential for the development of innovative integrated product solutions. The integration of mechanical and electronic functions on a spatial circuit board allows the realization of modules with a high functional density and a significant degree of miniaturization. MID components are spatial injection molded parts, with their surface selectively patterned and metalized. The conventional production of MID applications by an injection molding process is time consuming and expensive. Therefore, the efforts of industry and research show the significance of MID prototyping. Our objective was to develop process overviews and matching sequences for the methodological-assisted prototyping within our MID-Laboratory (MIDLab). First of all, we developed process overviews for any suitable process operations in accordance to the MID reference process. To enable a methodological approach in the production planning, essential information has been summarized in characteristics. The characteristics include a short description of the process and its unique features and a summary of the advantages and disadvantages compared to alternative methods. In addition, the compatibility of subsequent process steps, if limited or restricted, is illustrated. Afterwards, these process steps were combined to production sequences with a focus on costs, benefits and house production. Based on the requirements of the prototype, two scenarios have been developed, covering a wide spectrum of possibilities. In both sequences emphasis has been placed on cost-optimal combinations with a high house production rate. The validation of the results was carried out by two application examples. For this reason demonstrators were designed. On the basis of these modules, the results of the developed process chains were validated.
Method for the Identification and Comparison of Alternative Process Chains Focusing on Economics Efficiency Analysis during the Conceptual Design of Mechatronic Integrated Devices
Authors: Schierbaum Thomas , Gausemeier Jürgen , Dumitrescu Roman
Published: September 2014

Nowadays developers are confronted with rising requirements in terms of miniaturization along with optimal utilization of provided space plus functions integration. The technology mechatronic integrated devices (MID) meets those requirements successfully. A central challenge in this field is the economic efficiency analysis which was identified as a main key factor for successful MID-Projects. In this paper a method for the identification and comparison of alternative process chains focusing on economics efficiency analysis is presented. It is based on the so called principle solution which is modeled with the specification technique by Gausemeier et al. as well as new developed process cards. The method will be exemplified on the miniature robot BeBot which has been developed at the Heinz Nixdorf Institute.
Progress in the Manufacturing of Molded Interconnected Devices by 3D Microcontact Printing
Authors: Cheval K. , Coulm J. , Gout S. , Layouni Y. , Lombard P. , Leonard D. , Bessueille F. , Semet V. , Cabrera Michel
Published: September 2014

The aim of this paper is to report on the use of Microcontact Printing (μCP) for the manufacturing of 3D Molded Interconnects Devices. Two different approaches are reported. A first one is based on the total metallization of the polymer, μCP of the 3D pattern followed by the wet etching of the non-protected areas of the part (the so-called indirect process). A second approach is based on the combination of radio-frequency (RF) plasma treatment, μCP of a pattern of catalysts on the polymer and metallization by electroless deposition (the so-called direct process). This second process allows metallization of bare polymer parts (free of catalytic species in the bulk) with conductive 3D networks ready for the assembly of SMD devices. Examples of MID devices made with both approaches are reported. Key points like thickness (up to 12-15 μm), conductivity and adhesion of the metallic network are also reviewed. Printing on slope surfaces is demonstrated. Advantages and drawbacks of both processes are discussed.
Novel Laser Induced Metallization for Three Dimensional Molded Interconnect Device Applications by Spray Method
Authors: Chou Min Chieh , Kao Tune Hune , Huang Meng Chi , Zhang Wen Hua , Li Wei Yu , Lai Tzi Huei
Published: September 2014

A novel laser induced metallization (LIM) is developed for 3 dimensional molded interconnect devices (3D-MIDs). A special laser-activable solution is firstly sprayed on top of the substrate, followed by laser direct structuring (LDS) and the electroless plating. The metal patterns can be transferred from the CAD data on almost any complex surface. Compared to the direct LDS, our spray method has smaller linewidth (30 μm) and much more flexibility on the substrate choosing. For example, the substrate can be plastic, glass, or ceramic. In addition, the laser-activable solution on top of the substrate also plays a role of the insulator. As a result, the multilayer patterns can be made by simply repeating the spray method on the same surface. Moreover, since this method is capable of making patterns layer-by-layer, the capacitors and inductances can be direct integrated with the circuit design. In this report, a 2G/3G/4G (all-in-one) antenna is tested by using our spray method. The return loss reaches the 3:1 VSWR standard, and the radiation efficiency is larger than 60% within the operation frequency.
Experimental Investigation of Laser Sintering of Conductive Adhesive for Functional Prototypes Produced by Embedding Stereolithography
Authors: Niese Bernd , Amend Philipp , Urmoneit Uwe , Roth Stephan , Schmidt Michael
Published: September 2014

Embedding stereolithography (eSLA) is an additive, hybrid process, which provides a flexible production of 3D components and the ability to integrate electrical and optical conductive structures and functional components within parts. However, the embedding of conductive circuits in stereolithography (SLA) parts assumes usage of process technologies, which enables their direct integration of conductive circuits during the layer-wise building process. In this context, a promising method for in-situ generation of conductive circuits is dispensing of conductive adhesive on the current surface of the SLA part and its subsequent sintering. In this paper, the laser sintering (λ = 355 nm) of conductive adhesive mainly consisting of silver nanoparticles is investigated. The work intends to evaluate the curing behavior of the conductive adhesive, the beam-matter-interactions and the thermal damage of the SLA substrate. The investigations revealed a fast and flexible laser sintering process for the generation of conductive circuits with sufficient electrical conductivity and sufficient current capacity load. In this context, a characterization of the conductive structures is done by measuring their electrical resistance and their potential current capacity load.
The Fe-Core/Carbon-Shell Ultrafine Nanopowders as Platform for Biomolecules Grafting
Authors: Surgutskaya N.S. , Postnikov P.S. , Pershina Alexandra G. , Galanov A.I. , Trusova Marina E. , Sazonov Alexey E.
Published: September 2014

The Fe-core/carbon-shell nanopowders are excellent platform for covalent grafting of biomolecules. The large-scale synthesis of Fe-core/carbon-shell nanoparticles via electropulse erosion of metal precursors in hydrocarbons was developed. The green fluorescent protein was covalently attached to the powder surface via diazonium functionalization and further carbodiimide activation.
The Use of Alumina Nanoparticles as Modifiers of Galvanic Binder of Diamond Tools
Authors: Polushin N.I. , Ovchinnikova M.S. , Maslov A.L.
Published: September 2014

This article presents results of a study of the surface topography of nickel composite electrochemical coatings (CEC), reinforced alumina nanoparticles, and the test results of the diamond tool. Used as a reinforcing phase alumina nanopowder was obtained by electrical explosion of aluminum wire in oxygenated atmosphere and had an average particle size of 60-70 nm. Experiments showed that the inclusion of alumina nanoparticles in a nickel matrix modifies its structure and increases the strength properties, so the wear resistance of diamond-plating increased by 3 times.
Tribotechnical Properties of HA Nanocomposite Based on UHMWPE under Dry Sliding and Lubrication
Authors: Sonjaitham Narongrit , Puangmalee Noppanuch
Published: September 2014

The tribotechnical properties of hydroxyapatite (HA) nanocomposite based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) under dry sliding and lubrication of distilled water and plasma blood was investigated with block-on-ring. It was shown that modification of UHMWPE by HA nanoparticles within range of 0.1–0.5 wt.% results in decrease of wear intensity at dry sliding up to 3 times. The under lubrication, wear intensity of pure UHMWPE and nanocomposite are deceased up to 50–70% as compared with under dry sliding. Permolecular structure of pure UHMWPE and nanocomposite are spherulitic structure, which nanoparticle does not alter the nature of the permolecular structure, and homogeneously dispersed in the UHMWPE matrix.
Tribotechnical Properties of UHMWPE Based Composite Filled with HA Microparticles under Dry Sliding and Lubrication
Authors: Sonjaitham Narongrit , Puangmalee Noppanuch
Published: September 2014

The tribotechnical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) based composite filled with hydroxyapatite (HA) microparticles under dry sliding and lubrication of distilled water and plasma blood wear investigated with block-on-ring. It was shown that modification of UHMWPE by HA microparticles of 20 wt.% results in decrease of wear intensity at dry sliding up to 4 times. The under lubrication, wear intensity of pure UHMWPE and microcomposite are deceased up to 50–70% as compared with under dry sliding. Permolecular structure of pure UHMWPE and microcomposite are spherulitic structure and the HA microparticles were dispersed in the UHMWPE matrix.
Copper Alloys Structure Parameters
Authors: Martyushev Nikita V.
Published: September 2014

In this research it was examined the influence of crystallisation conditions binary leaded bronze on parametres of a received microstructure. Change of crystallisation conditions was carried out by change of cooling melt speed, through preliminary heating of casting moulds. Quantitative regularities of influence of cooling rate of explored bronze on parametres dendritic cells, grain size are presented. The data about formation of lead inclusions between dendrites of a copper matrix are published as well. It is shown that high rates of cooling of an order 100-150°С/c lead to dendritic structures formation containing only axes of the first and second order. Decrease of cooling rate at the moment of crystallisation to the values less 15°C/c leads to appearance and growth of axes of 3rd order at dendrites matrix.
Activation of Synthesis and Sintering of Mullite Aluminosilicate Ceramics Based on Natural Raw Materials
Authors: Vakalova Tatiana V. , Govorova Larisa P. , Reshetova Antonina A. , Tokareva Anna Y. , Shvagrukova Ekaterina V.
Published: September 2014

It is found out that activation of the sintering process for refractory clay-containing raw materials (rusk kaolin and wocheinite) is provided using additives of 3d-transition elements oxides (Fe2O3 and MnO2) in the amount of 2 - 5 wt. % due to formation of defective solid solutions of mullite by isovalent substitution mechanism as well as fluxing additives of alkaline and alkaline-earth oxides (Na2O, MgO) in the amount of 2 wt. % by regulating rheological properties of silicate melts.
Electrochemical Determination of Heparin in Pharmaceuticals with Using Malachite Green
Authors: Vishenkova Darya A. , Korotkova E.I. , Dorozhko Elena V.
Published: September 2014

In this paper for determination of heparin in pharmaceuticals by constant-current sweep voltammetry on the mercury-film electrode (MFE) we used cationic malachite green (MG) dye which is capable to form a complex with heparin. In the 0.05 M potassium tetraoxalate (KH3C4O8 ∙ 2H2O) buffer solution with pH 1.65 MG had a well-defined peak of electroreduction at -0.46 V (vs. CSE). During the study of electrochemical properties of heparin in complex with MG in cathodic potential range from 0.0 V to -1.3 V on MFE besides the signal from the dye at E = - 0.46 V the second signal at E = –0.87 V was found. Increasing the concentration of heparin in the solution led to decrease of signal intensity at E = -0.87 V. Optimum conditions for the electrochemical determination of heparin in dosage form with using MG were picked up. Influence of auxiliary components of heparin pharmacological solution on electroreduction of the complex MG-Hep was investigated. Under optimal conditions the decrease of reduction peak currents at E = -0.87 V was proportional to heparin concentration in the range from 3.9 ∙ 10-4 mg/ml to 3.9 ∙ 10-3 mg/ml.
Investigation of Lactobacilli Properties
Authors: Bulycheva E.V. , Korotkova E.I. , Voronova O.A.
Published: September 2014

In this paper for investigation of the medicine «Lactobacterin» containing lactic acid bacteria was used luminescence method. It is shown, that spectrum of the Lactobacilli has 3 peaks from different substances. It is shown that during 2 hours the bacterial cells are alive.
Liquid-Phase Oxidative Degradation of the Damaged or Expired Medicinal Products
Authors: Volgina Tatyana , Novikov Viktor T. , Fedorova Oksana Yu.
Published: September 2014

A method of oxidative mineralization of the salicylic acid and its derivatives as well as medicinal products containing salicylic acid as the active ingredient was investigated. Destruction of the organic compounds is possible both in the electrolyte under the oxidant, electrochemically formed in situ in the sulphuric acid solutions, and at the anode so. Simultaneously, at the cathode, reduction of the zinc ions, contained in a number of medicinal products, is possible. Final products of the oxidation are simple non-toxic organic compounds, carbon dioxide, and water. This process is the most effective in the 40% sulphuric acid at the current density of 0.5–0.8 A/cm2 and the temperature of 30–50 °C.
Study of the Hydrodesulphurization Process of Hydrogenate of Shubarkol Coal
Authors: Ordabaeva A.T. , Meiramov M.G. , Khrupov V.A. , Akhmetkarimova J.S.
Published: September 2014

This is a research on the hydrodesulphurization process of hydrogenate from the coal of Shubarkolsky deposit (Republic of Kazakhstan) in the presence of pyrite and natural zeolite. The rate constants for hydrodesulphurization process of the liquid products and Gibbs energy were calculated by the method of equilibrium kinetic analysis, which was necessary for improving the technological parameters for the hydrotreatment of liquid hydrogenation products. It is shown that the optimal time of the hydrodesulphurization process is 15-25 minutes. The sulfur content in the fraction up to 2000С is 0.043 %, and in a fraction of 200-3000С - 0.065 %, which indicates a high degree of hydrotreatment of the hydrogenate in the presence of the above mentioned catalyst.
Evaluation of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Structural Components of Ti-Nb Alloy
Authors: Kovalevskaya Zhanna G. , Khimich Margarita A. , Belyakov Andrey V. , Shulepov Ivan A.
Published: September 2014

By the results of X-ray analysis, microstructural analysis, nanohardness and elastic modulus measurements it was defined that non-equilibrium phases during the process of crystallization are formed in the titanium-niobium alloy with 40wt.% of Nb. The minimum of non-equilibrium phases is formed at the Ti-40wt.% Nb alloy. The uniform grain structure, which consists of β-phase grains with the minimum of elastic modulus, is formed in the alloy ingot. Such structure and complex of properties allows using this alloy for severe plastic deformation.
Combustion-Synthesized Porous Ni-Al Materials for Radiative Porous Burners
Authors: Kirdyashkin Alexander , Guschin A.N. , Maznoy A.S. , Minaev S.S. , Palesskiy F.S.
Published: September 2014

An investigation is performed of the filtrational combustion of gaseous hydrocarbons inside a spherical nozzle manufactured from porous Ni-Al material. The porous material is produced using the process of self-propagating high temperature synthesis, which allows an article of the desired configuration, chemical composition and porosity to be fabricated within a single technological stage. A combustion mode is demonstrated, wherein the combustion wave is localized inside the wall of the porous nozzle. Under this condition, up to 70 % of the total heat value of the fuel mixture is converted into IR flux radiated from the surface of the nozzle, with the maximum lying within the wavelength region 3–11 μm. A number of promising applications of new porous materials for designing new energy conversion devices are shown.
Mathematical Modeling of Dispersed Condensed Substance Ignition by Local Energy Source
Authors: Glushkov Dmitrii O. , Maksimov Vyacheslav , Strizhak Pavel A.
Published: September 2014

Numerical research of heat and mass transfer processes at dispersed condensed substance ignition by metallic particle heated to high temperatures was developed. It was established the influence of “hot” particle parameters on the main integrated characteristic of process – ignition delay time.
Mathematical Modeling of the Solid Phase Sintering of Ti and Cu Powders in the Controlled Heating Conditions
Authors: Sorokova S.N.
Published: September 2014

Two-dimensional model of sintering Ti and Cu powders substrate under controlled heating, taking into account the kinetic and thermal phenomena are proposed and studied. The base is ceramic. The system of chemical reactions is written according to the phase diagram of Ti-Cu. The model takes into account that the chemical reactions are slowed layer product. The problem is solved numerically. The temperature distribution and concentration of elements or compounds at different times for different synthesis conditions are determined. It is shown that at any process organization the synthesized material becomes chemically heterogeneous.
Model of the Oxygen Cutting Taking into Account the Melting of Metal
Authors: Anisimova Maria A. , Knyazeva Anna G.
Published: September 2014

This paper presents the development of a model of plate oxygen cutting. The new model takes into account not only the heat release due to the oxidation reaction, but the melting of the metal in the cutting zone. Important role plays the dependence of the heat capacity on temperature.
Numerical Research of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in Water Vapors and Gaseous Thermal Decomposition Products Mixture above the Combustible Wood on the Conditions of Chemical Reaction Termination in it
Authors: Zhdanova Alena O. , Kuznetsov Genii V. , Strizhak Pavel A.
Published: September 2014

The numerical analysis has been made of complex interrelated heat and mass transfer processes, chemical reactions and phase transformations under the thermal decomposition reaction suppression of typical combustible wood (needles of a pine, fir, fir-tree and larch, branches of a pine, fir, birch and larch, cones of a pine, leaves of aspen) by the “water slug” trace. Characteristic times have been calculated of the thermal decomposition reaction suppression of typical combustible wood at typical temperatures in “water slug” trace and the thickness of warmed material layers.
Phase Distribution and Stresses in the Coating Deposited from Plasma
Authors: Shanin Sergey A. , Knyazeva Anna G.
Published: September 2014

The heat and kinetic phenomena accompanying the carbide coating growth during deposition from plasma are investigated numerically. The coupling model taking into account some cross-effects between fields of various physical natures was used here. The phase, elements distribution, stresses and strains in the growing coating and substrate of cylindrical form where calculated. It is demonstrated that interrelation between diffusion and deformation plays a significant role for coating composition change.
Two Phase Model of Diffusion in Polycrystalline Material
Authors: Chepak-Gizbrekht Maria , Shvagrukova E.V.
Published: September 2014

Diffusion research is important for understanding of many processes based on mass transfer. In many respects, diffusion, determines physical and mechanical characteristics for new materials with fine-dispersed matter and a large number of grain boundaries and phases. Models of diffusion along grain boundaries and their modifications are widely known in literature, but they are not always applicable to nanomaterials due to indistinct determination of some notions. At the present paper the model of diffusion is presented, which considers boundaries and area near boundaries as a phase with special properties. Mass transfer between the volume of a grain and a boundary phase is taken into account. The approximate analytical solution of the problem is formulated. In the general case the problem is solved numerically. Non monotonic distributions of concentrations in volume are obtained.
An Apparatus for Implementing the Thermal Cycle for Plasma Surfacing of Metallurgical Equipment
Authors: Valuev Denis V. , Valueva A.V. , Serikbol A.
Published: September 2014

The technology of manufacturing of metallurgical equipment using plasma deposition of the active layer of high speed steels hardness is analysed. This paper presents a thermal cycle and device for its implementation in plasma surfacing of metallurgical by speed steels equipment.
Layer-by-Layer Laser Sintering of Powders Irradiated by Gamma Quanta Co60
Authors: Gradoboev A.V. , Babakova E.V. , Saprykin Alexandr , Ibragimov Egor A.
Published: September 2014

Metal powders are widely used in many modern technologies, as well as they have been applied in the form of various fillers composites. Recently, in some cases, the preliminary activation of metallic powders is made to improve the compatibility of the filler and the matrix. Undertook a study describe the influence of gamma radiation radioactive isotope Co60 on copper powder. Gamma radiation also affects the character of laser sintering by layer-by-layer synthesis. Through this change was obtained in structure and the properties of the powder. On the whole it affects the process of layering laser sintering products.
Structure and Properties of Coatings Obtained by Electron-Beam Cladding of Ti+C and Ti+B4C Powder Mixtures on Steel Specimens at Air Atmosphere
Authors: Mul Daria , Krivezhenko Dina S. , Lazurenko Daria B. , Lenivtseva Olga G. , Chevakinskaya Alexandra
Published: September 2014

The surface layer of steel was reinforced by electron-beam cladding at air atmosphere. Two types of powder mixtures were used to receive coatings: (1) titanium and graphite, (2) titanium and boron carbide. The formation of heterogeneous structure was observed in specimens after the electron-beam treatment by the methods of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction analysis was used to analyze the phase composition of the coatings. The wear resistance level of the coatings was estimated by friction test against loosely fixed abrasive particles. It was found that surface alloying of steel with carbon containing components led to the formation of material with an enhanced wear resistance level.
Mineral Carriers for Nanoscale Additives in Bituminous Concrete
Authors: Inozemtcev Sergei Sergeevich , Korolev Evgenij Valerjevich
Published: September 2014

To prolong the lifetime and to improve the quality of pavements made of bituminous concretes it is necessary to apply innovative solutions during design of such building materials. The common way to increase the values of operational properties is to admix various modifying additives during production. Nanoscale additives currently constitute the big group of advanced modifiers. The known difficulty limiting the widespread practical use of nanotechnology is the necessity to ensure uniform distribution of nanoscale objects in the volume of material. Thus, to realize nanotechnology in construction it is necessary to use the various carriers for nanoscale modifiers. Several mineral materials (dolomite- and silica-based) were examined and results are presented in this paper. The optimal grain size is determined and optimal modes of grinding were identified to provide conformity of structural parameters for carriers. It is shown that total surface area of diatomite obtained by means of nitrogen absorption method is quite high due to structure of its pore space. It is stated that for structure with numerous contacts between grains, rheological properties of mixture are mostly determined by the thickness and properties of solvation shells on the grains. High surface activity of diatomite is confirmed by the rheology data. It is shown that there is the formation of adsorption layer during interaction between bitumen and surface of diatomite, and thickness of this layer is relatively high for the wide range of temperatures. It is found by means of IR spectroscopy that there is only physical sorption of bitumen on the diatomite and no new chemical compounds are forming.
Magnetic Pulse Compaction of Oxide Powders of the (ZrO2 – Y2O3) – Al2O3 System
Authors: Ivashutenko Aleksander S. , Martyushev Nikita V. , Vidayev Igor G.
Published: September 2014

Technology for manufacturing products by magnetic pulse compaction from oxide powders of the (ZrO2 – Y2O3) – Al2O3 system is presented in the paper. Diagram of the magnetic-pulse press with its operating principle being based on Ampere's law is given. Physical and mechanical properties of the obtained compacts are determined. The main feature of the designed technology is the reduced sintering temperature (200 °С) and the acquired fine-grained structure of the products. Another significant advantage achieved by applying the technology is the possibility for manufacturing fine-grained structure ceramic products with high mechanical properties.
Investigating the Influence of the Power Supply Type upon the Properties of the Weld Joints under Manual Arc Welding
Authors: Il’yaschenko Dmitriy P. , Chinakhov Dmitry A. , Gotovschik Y.M.
Published: September 2014

The given work considers the influence of the power supply type (diode rectifier DR-306 and inverter Nebula-315) upon the chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical properties of weld joints and upon health characteristics of the manual arc welding process.It has been ascertained that the power supply type has a significant influence upon the weld joints properties and health characteristics of the manual arc welding process. Using a new generation inverter power supply allows less heat input into the weld bead, thus, decreasing silicium and manganese burning, improving impact resistance of weld joints under low (negative) temperature and reduces the risk of respiratory diseases for the workers.
Influence of Technological Factors on Structure and Properties of Alumina-Zirconia Ceramics
Authors: Ivashutenko Aleksander S. , Martyushev Nikita V. , Vidayev Igor G. , Kostikov Kirill S.
Published: September 2014

The article is devoted to the investigation of alumina-zirconia ceramics properties depending on its production technology. Analysis of the technological factors that allow acquiring fine-grained structure as well as high physical and mechanical properties of alumina-zirconia ceramics is presented in the paper. It is shown that when using magnetic pulse compaction due to the pulse impact and adiabaticity of the process the most compact structure is formed. It is possible to obtain pressings with the density of up to 68% of the theoretical value. The obtained compact structure secures high physical, mechanical, and operating characteristics of the finished product.
Gas-Dynamic Impact of a Shielding Gas Jet on the Drop Transfer when Welding with a Consumable Electrode
Authors: Chinakhov Dmitry A. , Zuev A.V. , Filimonenko A.G.
Published: September 2014

The processes taking place in a drop of a molten electrode metal and in a metal of a weld pool play the dominant role in formation of joint welds properties. In consumable electrode welding with jet gas shielding under certain conditions a drop of an electrode metal is influenced by the main forces as well as by the force of a shielding gas jet impact which depends upon the method and composition of a gas shielding in a welding area. The results of research have stated that the force of a shielding gas jet impact on a drop of an electrode metal in double-jet gas shielding is twelvefold as in one-jet one; it is directed along the electrode to a workpiece and stimulates stability of the electrode metal drops transfer into a weld pool.
Automatic Balancing Time of any Rotors at Full Speed
Authors: Pashkov E.N. , Bogdan Anna M. , Masson Igor A.
Published: September 2014

In this article the time change automatically balanced unbalanced rotor automatic ball balancing devices is considered. The calculation of original differential equations is made with numeral calculation using the Runge-Kutt method. The time dependence of the transition process of the balancing process from the parameters of the automatic balancing device is obtained.
Closure Welds Identification by Means of Ultrasonic Testing
Authors: Kroening Michael , Salchak Yana , Sednev Dmitriy
Published: September 2014

In present paper, possibilities for identification and verification of closure welds were discussed. It might be applied for nonproliferation purposes, where validity and reliability of verification are often crucial issue. Methodology of ultrasonic testing and signal processing procedure were proposed. Through set of experiments, the validity of proposed solution was approved.
Development of a Parallel Fast Fourier Transform-Based Algorithm for Digital Hologram Reconstruction
Authors: Vuyets T.R. , Ovchinnikov Vladislav A.
Published: September 2014

Digital holography is a comparatively new observation method for micron-sized particles. It is based on numerical reconstruction of recorded interference fringe. Calculation processes for reconstruction are both time- and memory-intensive. The aim of this study was to develop a faster, more efficient algorithm for digital hologram reconstruction. To this purpose Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) programming were implemented. For the problem solving the algorithms’ run-time for both configurations was measured. The results showed that the algorithm using a GPU board is faster and more suitable for reconstruction processes. Thus, it makes possible the accomplishment of real-time analysis.