bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
О терминологической путанице при описании зараженности рыб паразитами
Authors:   VNIRO Sakhalin Branch (SakhNIRO), Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Frolov E. V.
Published: September 2024

The article presents a historical summary on the development of parasitological terms describing quantitative parameters in infected fish descriptions. The considerable variety of fish infestation terms used by different authors indicates the need in terminological unification. In Russian scientific publications, the author proposes to use the terms recommended at the workshop, arranged by the Fish Parasitic Worms Lab of the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Science, USSR, and the Fish Diseases Lab of GosNIORKH (November 4th of 1987, Protocol No. 5). The terms with their formulations were published by N. M. Pronin et al. in 1991, as follows: EI (invasion extensiveness, %), AI (abundance index, non-dimentional value), II (invasion intensity, minimum and maximum values, individuals.), AII (average invasiveness intensity, non-dimentional value).
Содержание воды в тканях двух видов бурых лягушек после водной и наземной зимовки
Authors:   Perm State National Research University, Perm, Semukhina A. S. , Shishikina K. I. ,   Institute of Biological Problems of the North, FEB RAS, Magadan
Published: September 2024

Amphibians have high water content in the body (77-83 %) and are resistant to its strong fluctuations in both diurnal and seasonal aspects. They have evolved numerous physiological mechanisms and behavioral responses to cope with the loss or excess of water in tissues. The authors assess the water content in the liver and skeletal muscles as well as the relative mass of liquid in external lymphatic sinuses of two brown frog species, Rana temporaria and R. arvalis, living sympatrically but differing in their attitude to water: the degree of attachment to water bodies and humid places, the stereotype of wintering, and the character of daily activity. It was shown that in the water-loving and waterwintering common frog, the water content in tissues is high in spring (79-80 % on average) and does not differ between females and males. In the moor frog, populating drier habitats and wintering on land in the frozen state, water content in skeletal muscles of females and males was comparable to that of the common frog (80-81 %), but in the liver it was significantly lower (74-75 %). The revealed regularity was also preserved while assessing the relative mass of subcutaneous lymphatic fluid: it was several times greater in the water-loving common frog (3-11 %) than in the moor frog (1-5 %). Thus, although the general principles of water metabolism in amphibians are similar, there are some physiological features of water uptake and extraction in specific species.
Изменения климата в Южном Приморье на границе плиоцен-плейстоцена как важнейшего стратиграфического рубежа позднего кайнозоя
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Terrestrial Biota Biodiversity of East Asia, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Avramenko A. S. , Pushkar V. S. ,   Far East Geological Institute, FEB RAS, Vladivostok
Published: September 2024

The study of diatoms from Southern Primorye's Pliocene deposits permitted to comprehensively reconstruct the climate of the region during the cooling increase at the border of the late Pliocene and Pleistocene. The ecological composition of the diatom flora recorded a trend of rapid decrease of temperatures and water levels in the range of 3.6-2.58 Ma, while the dominant Aulacoseira flora changing to a flora dominated by predominantly benthic taxa (Ellerbeckia, Tetracyclus, Alveolophora) marked a transition from lacustrine to alluvial sedimentogenesis, as well as the evolutionary extinction of ancient representatives of the genus Aulacoseira and their replacement by modern taxa.
Spatial networks as models for organoid cultures and brain research
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Sapaty P.S.
Published: September 2024

The paper relates to the concept of organoids, the simplified versions of organs produced artificially, which are of growing importance and popularity, especially for disease prediction and prevention and brain research, too. It investigates the potential capabilities of the creation, evolution, and analysis of organoid models with the developed Spatial Grasp Model and Technology (SGT) which has already been tested on various applications, including the management of networked technological, social, and defense systems. The paper first analyzes and classifies the latest organoid-related publications, then briefs the main SGT features, including its basic Spatial Grasp Language with its networked interpretation, resulting in powerful spatial engines capable of covering terrestrial and celestial environments. Then it shows a practical and very compact expression of growing organoid models under SGT which include cell growth, division and replication, cell worm creation and movement, killer cell operation, and finally, a full organoid model with its operation. It also explains how to investigate parameters of the growing organoids that can predict disease-related behavior. The paper reviews some other organoid developments of interest for the use of SGT, including mini-brains in robotics, organoid-emitting brain waves, and the development of organoids in outer space. It concludes with the plans for more detailed and extensive results with SGT which may be used in different ways. Firstly, the networking models of organoids can be obtained much quicker than the growing tissue in labs. Secondly, it may appear useful to combine virtual and living features in the united organoid development and research process. Thirdly, if a living tissue is really needed for organ replacement, advanced virtual growth of such organoids can orient and direct the real tissue development.
Application of a multi-criteria optimization technique for the evaluation of options for equip-ping unmanned dosimetry complexes
Authors:   Institute of Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the Ukraine National Academy of Science, Skiter I.S. , Grechaninov V.F. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the Ukraine National Academy of Science, Slobodianyk V.A. ,   Central Research Institute of Weapons and Military Equipment of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Menshenin Ye.A. ,   Institute of Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,  Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the Ukraine National Academy of Science, Lopushanskyi A.V. ,   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the Ukraine National Academy of Science
Published: September 2024

The present study is devoted to solving problems related to the optimal choice of a rational car-rier based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and, accordingly, special equipment for per-forming remote radiation reconnaissance and monitoring of complex radiation contamination of the area. The relevance of the research arises from the need for a prompt response to the risks associated with the possible use of tactical nuclear weapons and accidents (destructions) of nu-clear facilities (nuclear power plants, nuclear waste repositories, radioactive waste storage fa-cilities, etc.) caused by the aggressive actions of pariah countries (Russia, North Korea, Iran) in the world. Such threats require prompt assessment of the levels of contamination in the areas where troops (military) and the civilian population are located, to ensure the awareness of offi-cials in order to make appropriate decisions by military administration bodies. The article ana-lyzes the subject area of using unmanned dosimetry systems (UDS) and describes a step-by-step systematic approach to determining a comprehensive indicator of the effectiveness of their use. The mathematical formalization of the stages of a systematic approach to equipping UDS ac-cording to the relevant groups of factors is substantiated. The following methods have been de-veloped: 1) a comprehensive, step-by-step analysis of UDS configuration options based on group expert assessment; 2) a comprehensive analysis of UDS configuration options based on multi-criteria optimization and, on its basis, an algorithm for selecting configuration options was developed. This makes it possible to select a rational type of UAV and a set of special equipment for unmanned aerial systems for remote radiation reconnaissance in accordance with the decision-making official of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
Neural networks. Development and prospects
Authors:   LLC ", Kalbazov D.Y. ,   Information specialized systems", Danchenko O.I. ,   State Service for Special Communications and Information Protection, Lysetskyi Yu.M. ,   SNT Ukraine
Published: September 2024

The development of neural networks began in the 1940s, when scientists began to model the nervous system. However, the real breakthrough occurred in the 2010s with the advancement of machine learning and deep learning. Digitalization, Big Data, and the ability to process large datasets have created a powerful resource for machine learning. By utilizing large amounts of data and powerful computational resources, neural networks have become able to achieve in-credible results in such areas as computer vision for object recognition, natural language pro-cessing, medicine, forecasting, pattern recognition, autonomous vehicles, etc. A neural network is a mathematical model that describes the interdependencies between different factors with mathematical formulas and allows for discovering patterns and dependencies between input da-ta and the final result during training. After training, such a neural network can be used to pre-dict outcomes. The article discusses the principles of neural network operation, the architec-tures of their mathematical models, the security and challenges of neural networks, modern products based on neural networks, and their practical applications. Neural networks are a mod-ern, powerful tool of artificial intelligence capable of modeling and simulating the operation of the human brain. Machine learning and neural networks have been integrated into information technology for many years. One of the leaders in their development is IBM, which was one of the first companies to implement machine learning technologies, based on which IBM Watson operates. A real sensation was the ChatGPT neural network, a language model that generates text based on user queries, taking into account the context of previous queries. Therefore, neural networks are capable of learning based on large volumes of data and recognizing complex de-pendencies in them, so they are used to solve complex problems that cannot always be solved using mathematical formulas or rules.
Method of detection the quadcopters and octocopters based on YOLOv8 model
Authors:   Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine,, Kamak M.D. , Kazymyr V.V. ,   Chernihiv Polytechnic National University, Kamak D.O. ,   State Scientific Research Institute of Armament and Military Equipment Testing and Certification
Published: September 2024

The relevance of the topic of the article is determined by the growing prevalence of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) not only in the civilian but also in the military field, where they create significant problems for air defense. The paper presents a practical test of the possibility and effectiveness of using the YOLOv8 model for detecting quadcopters and octocopters in video streams, which is designed for real-time object detection and image segmentation. A training method is used that adapts the YOLOv8 model by applying a «transfer learning» approach to adjust pre-trained YOLOv8 weights to drone-specific data. The ability of the model to work ef-fectively in various environmental conditions is investigated, too. The conducted experiments demonstrate the efficiency of the developed method to accurately identify UAVs in various sit-uations, which makes it important for improving aerial surveillance tools and security mecha-nisms. The study also explores the model’s adaptability to changing observation conditions, en-suring its robustness in processing images and video. The results indicate the high potential of the YOLOv8 model in enhancing the capabilities of air defense systems and bolstering security measures against UAV threats. Additionally, the article discusses the computational efficiency of the model, highlighting its ability to process video streams in real time with minimal compu-tational resources. The precision and recall metrics of the model are evaluated, demonstrating its ability to accurately detect UAVs while minimizing false positives. Overall, the findings un-derscore the importance of leveraging advanced machine-learning techniques for effective UAV detection.
Synchronous Dosing of Levodopa with Quercetin Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy and Mitigates Apoptotic Events in Experimental Parkinsonism
Authors: Sureshkumar Arya Indulekha , Latha Chempakam Biju , Pradeep Akshara , Padmanabhan Renjini Ambika , Ramachandran Rajesh
Published: September 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects millions of people annually across the globe and is primarily managed through dopamine replacement therapy employing levodopa (L-DOPA), which is still the preferred gold standard. Prolonged use of L-DOPA leads to severe adverse effects, including motor complications such as L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia, which considerably compromise treatment outcomes and patients’ quality of life. Potentiating L-DOPA with natural or synthetic compounds with less toxicity and neuroprotective activity is an area of emerging significance, and many studies in this area have gained widespread research attention. Phytochemicals, essentially compounds with antioxidant and neuroprotective activity, may be potent candidates to potentiate L-DOPA, and in this context, we explored the potential of combining quercetin with L-DOPA to mitigate rotenone-induced PD using human neuroblastoma cells. The optimal nontoxic concentrations of L-DOPA and quercetin were determined via the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. The combination treatment notably increased cell viability to 95% at a concentration of 6.25 μg/ml, whereas the viability of the rotenone-treated group was 46.8%. Lactate dehydrogenase leakage assays further confirmed that membrane integrity was significantly preserved in the combination-treated groups compared with those treated with L-DOPA or quercetin alone. Morphological improvements were evident under microscopic observation. Compared with the individual treatments, the combination treatment also resulted in increased inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. Additionally, apoptosis induction was significantly reduced in the combination group, as shown by EtBr/acridine orange fluorescence staining. Cellular calcium levels, which were elevated by rotenone exposure, were effectively normalized by the combination treatment. Moreover, the combination therapy promoted neurite outgrowth more effectively than L-DOPA or quercetin alone. These findings suggest that coadministration of quercetin with L-DOPA could be a promising strategy to increase the efficacy of L-DOPA while potentially reducing its dosage, leveraging the benefits of natural phytochemicals in PD management.
Compartmentalized Biomolecular Condensates via Controlled Nucleation
Authors: Wang Chong , Zhang Linyi , Shang Luoran
Published: September 2024

This commentary underscores the importance and implications of the study “Biomolecular condensates with complex architectures via controlled nucleation,” led by Jan C. M. van Hest and Tuomas P. J. Knowles, published in
Nature Chemical Engineering
. The research team developed a novel system to investigate the structure of biological condensates using quaternized amylose, carboxymethylated amylose, and single-stranded DNA. They successfully created multiphase droplets with distinct dense phases and demonstrated that droplet architecture can be controlled through temperature and salt concentration adjustments. This study offers valuable insights into the formation and function of membraneless organelles in cells and suggests promising applications for designing biomimetic materials and therapeutic strategies.
Effectiveness of Virtual Education for Operating Room Nursing Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Moradzadeh Mojtaba , Imani Behzad , Mirzaiee Mina
Published: September 2024

Background: With the rapid spread of the coronavirus, which in addition to threatening human physical health has adversely affected the other aspects of life such as education, the proper use of virtual learning works as the best strategy to improve the quality of teaching and learning and providing equal opportunities. Virtual learning is known as the best educational method during the pandemic. Methods: This qualitative study benefited from a content analysis method, and the obtained information was analyzed with the help of the Graneheim approach. In this study, 8 operating room students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences were selected by the available sampling method. Then, the effectiveness of virtual learning was explained using semi-structured interviews. Results: After analyzing the interviews, the main problems found in virtual learning at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in the field of operating rooms were categorized into technical communication factors, effective environmental factors, problems related to professors and the Department of Education, and problems related to students. Conclusion: The effectiveness of e-learning was explained in this study. Depending on the policies of each university and the unique problems associated with it, the problems of e-learning may vary from university to university, thus more studies need to be performed at different universities to reach more comprehensive solutions.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Isolates From Patients in Northwest Iran
Authors: Bahloli Mohammad , Samadi Kafil Hossein , Roshani Asl Parisa , Rashidi Niloufar , Moaddab Seyyed Reza
Published: September 2024

Background: Escherichia coli is one of the main causes of various diseases worldwide, whose multidrug-resistant strains have caused many public health problems by producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). The resistance rate varies in different regions. Thus, it is necessary to identify ESBL-producing strains in each region and their antibiotic sensitivity in order to find appropriate treatment options. Hence, the present study aimed to detect the ESBL-producing E. coli strains and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in Tabriz, Iran. Methods: This study was conducted at the Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz from November 20, 2022, to April 20, 2023. A total of 400 E. coli isolates were collected from different clinical specimens. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion method. ESBL-producing isolates were detected by the double-disc synergy test method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Out of 400 E. coli isolates, 211 (52.75%) were obtained from females, and 189 (47.25%) belonged to males. The mean age of patients was 52.1±27.9 years. Overall, 279 (69.75%) were confirmed as ESBL producers. These producers were mainly recovered from outpatients. The highest antibiotic resistance was observed to ceftriaxone (86.25%) and tetracycline (80.75%), and the least antibiotic resistance was related to imipenem (8%) and amikacin (16.25%), respectively. The rate of antibiotic resistance among ESBL producers was higher than among non-ESBLs. Conclusion: The present study reported a high prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli among patients referring to Imam Reza hospital in Tabriz. Carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and nitrofurantoins were confirmed as the most efficient drugs for these bacteria, whereas cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamides were the least effective agents.
Bioactive Compounds and Nanoparticles Conjugated with Chitosan Composites for Clinical Purposes
Authors: Ajayi Adedayo Olajide , Ige Olugbenga Ebenezer , Yakubu Patience
Published: September 2024

Background: Various forms of microorganisms have developed multiple resistances against the effects of applied antibacterial agents controlling them. Hence, there is a need to formulate potent antimicrobial agents from natural sources to eliminate them from the environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the potency of chitosan conjugated with some medicinal plants against recalcitrant microorganisms and overcome the problem of multiple antibiotic resistance. Methods: In this study, the synergistic effects of chitosan derived from snail shells were explored in conjunction with eight plant sources, including Ocimum gratissimum, Croton zambesicus, Phyllanthus niruri, Aloe barbadensis, Moringa oleifera, Andrographis paniculate, Aloe barbadensis, and Curcuma longa. The investigation focused on the antimicrobial properties of these combinations, aiming at enhancing the efficacy of pharmaceutical products against antibiotic-resistant strains. Four samples were analyzed in this regard. Sample A consisted of 0.5 g of sulphur nanoparticles (SNPs) conjugated with chitosan, and Sample B contained 1 g of SNPs conjugated with chitosan from shrimp shells dissolved in 1% acetic acid. In addition, Sample C involved chitosan from shrimp shells dissolved in 1% acetic acid, and Sample D utilized chitosan from snail shells dissolved in 1% acetic acid. All demonstrated varied antimicrobial potentials. Results: Notably, Sample B, which utilized chitosan from shrimp shells as nanocarriers for SNPs, exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, with zones of inhibition measuring up to 35 mm and 37 mm against multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus sp. (coagulase-negative), Klebsiella oxytoca, and Escherichia coli, respectively. Additionally, promising antimicrobial effects were observed against organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella ornithinolytica, and E. coli, with zone sizes reaching 20 mm, 23 mm, and 25 mm, respectively. Iron oxide NPs (Fe3 O4 ) and silica-coated iron oxide NPs displayed lower activity levels, except at the 100 mg/mL concentration, where they represented efficacy against certain multidrug-resistant strains such as AKR 18 - Enterobacter agglomerans, OKI 10 - Acinetobacter haemolyticus, and T30 – K. oxytoca. Conclusion: The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the management of infectious disease and the treatment of challenging pathogens in healthcare systems, providing a potential roadmap for combating antibiotic resistance and improving therapeutic strategies.
Antimicrobial Stewardship and Resistance Patterns in Ganjavian Hospital, Dezful, Southwest of Iran: A Two-Year Analysis
Authors: Moazen Javad , Riyahi Zaniani Fatemeh , Tayebi Bahareh
Published: September 2024

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship studies are essential to prevent microbial resistance, ensure proper antimicrobial use, and reduce treatment costs. This study aimed to examine the prescription trends of eight costly antimicrobial agents, including carbapenem (imipenem/meropenem), voriconazole, vancomycin, liposomal amphotericin B, colistin, linezolid, teicoplanin, and caspofungin, at Ganjavian hospital in Dezful. Methods: This cross-sectional study collected prescription forms for the eight targeted antimicrobials from March 2018 to March 2020. The recorded data included patient information, microbiological findings, infection sites, and details of antimicrobial use. Results: The analysis of 200 patients revealed that the most common infection sites were the bloodstream (41%), respiratory system (24.5%), and unidentified sources (13%). The majority of patients were admitted to internal wards (29.5%), general intensive care units (25.5%), and neonatal intensive care units (13%). The predominant bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli (19.5%), Acinetobacter baumannii (14.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.5%), and Staphylococcus aureus (11.5%). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria caused 53% of infections, and 33.5% were caused by bacteria resistant to all tested antimicrobials. Conclusion: MDR bacteria pose a significant challenge, underscoring the critical need for nosocomial infection control, antimicrobial stewardship, and continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns in this medical center.
Periodontally Accelerated Osteogenic Orthodontic in Patients Treated With In-house Clear Aligner: A Case Report
Authors: Baghdadi Leila Shahsavand , Nouroozi Mohammad Amin
Published: September 2024

The thickness of the alveolar bone is one of the limiting factors of orthodontic tooth movement. Crossing these limitations in orthodontic movements may cause periodontal diseases, root resorption, pulpitis, and the like. Osteogenic orthodontics that is accelerated by the periodontium is one method for overcoming these restrictions and negative effects. Over the last ten years, a large body of research has been conducted on the well-known and efficient technique of alveolar decortication-assisted orthodontic treatment. Corticotomy combined with guided bone regeneration can increase the range of orthodontic treatment by allowing predictable and faster movements beyond traditional methods. Piezo surgery is an innovative procedure that can be used for corticotomy. Piezo surgery has selective cutting (no soft tissue damage) and less bleeding during the surgical procedure.
The effects of alcohol on recovery from musculoskeletal trauma and injuries
Authors: Bazargan-Hejazi Shahrzad , Arriola Vincent , Arriola Daniel , Pan Deyu , Dehghan Kaveh , Alamoutifard Emad , Washington Elby
Published: September 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the association between alcohol misuse (abuse and dependence) and clinical outcomes including infection, length of stay (LOS), and in-hospital mortality (IHM) among patients with musculoskeletal injuries. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using California Hospital Discharge Data for 2018. The study included patients aged 18 years or older with musculoskeletal injuries categorized by injury sites (head/neck, trunk, and extremities) and alcohol misuse (abuse or dependence). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent association of alcohol misuse with the outcome variables, controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, and insurance status. Results: Among 3.7 million discharges, 207623 (40.2%) had alcohol abuse, and 58.8% had alcohol dependence. The findings revealed that among musculoskeletal injury discharges, those with alcohol abuse, compared to alcohol dependence, had higher odds of infection (OR=1.25; CI=1.07-1.45). However, they had lower odds of LOS of≥4 days (OR=0.78; CI=0.77-0.79), and lower odds of IHM (OR=0.91; CI=0.86-0.96). Extremity injuries were associated with higher odds of infection, longer hospital stays, and lower IHM compared to head/neck and trunk injuries. Males compared to females and patients aged 67 or older compared to their 18-34 age group encounters were more likely to experience infection, LOS of≥4 days, and IHM. Hispanic and Asian patients experienced less infection and fewer days in the hospital but presented with higher odds of IHM. Conclusion: Our results reveal the burden of alcohol misuse in treatment outcomes among patients undergoing hospitalization for treatment of musculoskeletal injuries as they related to infection, length of hospital stay, and IHM. These findings also highlight the potential economic implications of alcohol-related musculoskeletal injuries. Our findings emphasize the necessity for an approach that goes beyond treating immediate physical injury, but considering a patient’s history of alcohol abuse and providing appropriate support and interventions to improve treatment outcomes for individuals affected by musculoskeletal injuries and alcohol misuse.
Enabling mothers through improving mental health literacy and parenting skills
Authors: Heizomi Haleh , Asgharijafarabadi Mohammad , Allahverdipour Hamid
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Mothers often lack insight into their influence on the mental health of their children and may not possess adequate mental health literacy and parenting skills. This study aimed to explore the impact of mental health literacy and parenting skills on the effectiveness of mental health promotion programs for mothers. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was employed in Tabriz, Iran, with two groups – a control group and an intervention group – each comprising 126 participants. The intervention group received comprehensive information and skills related to mental health literacy and parenting. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 21, with a significance level set at 0.05. Results: Our findings revealed that the intervention group surpassed the control group in all outcome measures. Significant improvements were observed in the intervention group across all variables of interest after one and eight weeks, compared to pre-intervention levels (P<0.001). Conversely, no significant differences were noted in the control group. Conclusion: These results are promising, suggesting that programs focused on enhancing mental health literacy and parenting styles can empower mothers to play a more effective role in their children’s mental health.
Community health workers capacity in teaching skills and work-related stress: A study in Iranian health system
Authors: Javadivala Zeinab , Nazari Fatemeh , Shirzadi Shayesteh , Gilani Neda , Bhalla Devender
Published: September 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the associations between teaching skills and job-related stress among the mentors of community health workers (M-CHWs). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to December 2018 in Iran. Through census, all 110 M-CHWs from the rural health worker educational institutions (RHWEIs) were invited to participate in the study. Applying structured questionnaires, data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Results: The analysis yielded a maximum canonical correlation coefficient of .96 between teaching skills and work-related stress which was statistically significant (Wilks’s λ=.014 criterion, F (42, 317.71)=11.29, P<0.001). Results showed moderate to strong significant relationships between subscales of teaching skills and work-related stress (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings call attention to the relationships between teaching strategies, teaching program, and professional knowledge by total teaching skills. The M-CHWs’ well understanding of their role was correlated with less experiencing work-related stress.
Pet Owners and Giardia Infection Challenge: A One-Health Matter
Authors: Moghaddasi Kambiz , Mirahadi Nima
Published: September 2024

The close living of humans and animals is increasing in developing and developed societies in a new way. Along with the pet-keeping benefits, disadvantages such as the possibility of transmission of infections, especially parasitic infections, are also considered in this relationship. Giardiasis, as a worldwide health problem caused by different species of Giardia protozoa, accounts for significant morbidity and mortality annually. Considering the zoonotic potential of this intestinal parasite, there is a possibility of direct transmission from animals to humans or infection acquisition from the environment, which makes it a one-health-related issue. Some species or assemblages are specific to the host and are unable to cause disease; thus, they cause symptoms in other non-specific hosts, such as humans. There are several risk factors for the occurrence and prevalence rate of giardiasis from pet owners, the most important of which are the animal (infected or suspected) contact, the levels of hygiene and health awareness of people, contact with suspected or contaminated soil, and the like. Although effective preventive and control measures have been defined, they have been neglected in some populations. The present review attempts to provide a snapshot of the giardiasis situation among pet owners.
Cryptosporidiosis as One Health Issue in Iran: A Mini Review
Authors: Mirahadi Seyed Nima , Moghaddasi Kambiz
Published: September 2024

Cryptosporidiosis caused by different species of the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium is a global health problem. Different species of these protozoa were isolated from a wide range of animals as well as human hosts. In the One Health approach, many efforts are being made for the epidemiological evaluation of infections, of which the parasitic infection caused by Cryptosporidium species is very important due to the nature of circulation in the human-animal environment. Knowledge of the factors involved in infection and its prevalence in human and animal hosts, as well as the environment (e.g., water, vegetables, etc), can be very useful in adopting preventive policies and controlling infection in animals and humans. Despite various worldwide reports, a concise but comprehensive review has not been conducted until now. In addition to pointing out the latest situation of cryptosporidiosis in the world, the present mini-review has addressed the hidden factors involved in the transmission/spread of the parasite.
ADVANCEMENTS AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY. A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF TECHNIQUES AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Alexandra Patricia Beltrán Ortega , Roberto Andrés Palacios Villacis , Paola Nathaly Camacho Jiménez , Vanesa Katherine Bozada Merino , Sandra Maribel Chamba Castro , Leonardo Javier Carrillo Chuchuca. , Jorge Luís Brito Coello
Published: September 2024

Digestive endoscopy has evolved significantly over the past few decades, marking a transformative era in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. By investigating the primary clinical applications of digestive endoscopy and the effectiveness of contemporary techniques, this study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the field and highlight the ongoing potential for improving patient care in digestive health.
First record of Sicarius rugosus (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899) (Araneae: Sicariidae) in Guatemala
Authors: Cubas-Rodríguez Alex M. , Herrera-Jordan Katherinne
Published: September 2024

For the first time, the species Sicarius rugosus is recorded from Guatemala, based on a male and two immatures collected in the department of Zacapa and a female from the department of El Progreso. The specimens of S. rugosus they were found living in construction zones, in gardens of human dwellings, in dry forest fragments and xeric environments.
Desarrollo y daños de Anthonomus eugenii Cano, 1894 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) en Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum (Solanales: Solanaceae) en Sinaloa, México
Authors: Manzanarez-Jiménez Lucía Araceli
Published: September 2024

Se evaluó el desarrollo y daños de Anthonomus eugenii Cano, a campo abierto en una hectárea por cada variedad de chile jalapeño, serrano, verde y morrón, en Sinaloa, México. Los primeros adultos de A. eugenii aparecieron a los 30±5 días, la densidad poblacional por hectárea, y el número de adultos por planta fue de 156,75±31, 266,25±35, 614±50 y 10,25±4,3, 16,25±2,5, 16,5±2, en las etapas de floración, fructificación y maduración, respectivamente. El daño en frutos fue de 3,3±0,7 orificios en chile jalapeño, serrano y verde, y 2±1,0 en morrón; en el interior de cada fruto de chile se encontraron 3±2,7 huevos, 6,6±1,0 larvas, 7±1,6 pupas y 3±1,6 adultos, siendo menor en chile morrón con 2±1,0, 3±1,0, 2±1,0 y 2±1,0, respectivamente. El aborto de frutos fue mayor en las primeras dos semanas de fructificación, con 157,5±5,8, y menor en la maduración con 76,4±3,5 frutos abortados por cada 350 plantas por hectárea. El tiempo de desarrollo de los huevos, larvas, pupas y adultos fue de 3,8±1,35, 13,12±4,7, 4,25±1,12 y 6,5±1,75 días, respectivamente, las larvas pasaron por tres estadios con una duración de 2,3±1,4 (I), 5±1,8 (II) y 5,5±1,25 (III) días, el ciclo de vida fue de 27,35±1,39 días. El desarrollo y los daños del insecto mostraron el potencial destructivo de la plaga en cultivo de chile a campo abierto. La información generada en este trabajo podría contribuir a mejorar el control de las poblaciones de A. eugenii, en las etapas críticas del cultivo de chile; floración, fructificación y maduración del fruto, mediante estrategias de control preventivo para reducir o eliminar la densidad de insectos, y daño en plantas y fruto, durante el cultivo de chile.
Investigation of DC -driven Glow Discharges in Subatmospheric Planar AlGaSb-Ar/He Microplasma System
Authors: Yücel Kurt Hatice Hilal , Ongun Erhan
Published: September 2024

Various studies have been reported on the theoretical and experimental investigation of planar DC -driven gas discharge-semiconductor micro plasma systems (GDSµPS) for infrared sensing and thermal image conversion applications.
This conceptual research study is carried out to investigate the infrared-stimulated semiconductor-micro plasma hybrid systems using the finite-element method (FEM) solver COMSOL Multiphysics plasma simulation program. The computational simulation in this study was carried out based on the boundary-separated mesh structure to visualize the spatio-temporal distribution of Electron Density (ED) and Electron Current Density (ECD) patterns across planar discharge cell. Numerical analyses were performed based on mixture-averaged diffusion drift theory and Maxwellian electron energy distribution function. The micro plasma reactor cell is composed of a planar anode/cathode electrode pair in a 2-dimensional square chamber separated at a gap distance of 100 µm. A III-antimonide compound semiconductor, Aluminum Gallium Antimonide (AlGaSb), with micron-scale digitized electron emission surface is coupled to argon/helium (Ar/He) gas medium mixed in various (%) molar fractions at a constant total pressure of 200 Torr sub atmospheric. The electrical equivalent circuit model is driven at 1.350 VDC by virtual voltage source. The fast transient DC glow discharges are simulated for each mixture model, the spatio-temporal curves and patterns are displayed in multidimensional graphical media, compared, and analyzed with respect to the reference model. It is figured out that binary Ar/He gas discharge system plays an important role in shaping the glow discharge characteristics of GDSµPS for bandgap-tunable infrared-to-visible wavelength conversion device application. In the end, argon mixed with helium at a molar fraction of 30% is proposed for the intended infrared image converting concept by this study.
Foundations of empathy and resilience: Integrating trauma-informed policing from recruit training onward
Authors: Bartkowiak-Theron Isabelle , Atkinson Cameron
Published: September 2024

In this article, the authors explore the early integration of trauma-informed policing into the training of police recruits in Tasmania since 2023. Trauma-informed policing is an approach that recognizes the psychological, emotional, and physical impact of trauma on individuals and supports a more compassionate and empathetic response from law enforcement at various stages of the policing process. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of mental health and well-being for officers themselves. A quick perusal of scholarly and grey literature seemed to identify a gap in training materials specifically designed for police recruits. This preliminary exercise led to a more thorough systematic literature review, which revealed the same. With a lack of consolidated materials for police training, a tailored curriculum was co-designed between the University of Tasmania, Tasmania Police, and experts in the field. The training aims to equip recruits with knowledge to recognize signs of trauma, understand its effects on behaviour, and respond appropriately. The survey evaluation of all training conducted in 2023 received a 70.8% response rate and indicated significant satisfaction with the training. After presenting the results of this evaluation, the authors discussed the benefits of trauma-informed policing training while acknowledging the challenges of implementation. However, in the Tasmanian context, strong police leadership support, a long-standing academic partnership, and a whole-of-government endorsement of trauma-informed practices provide a conducive environment for this initiative. Overall, the integration of trauma-informed principles into police training in Tasmania represents a significant step towards more empathetic, effective, and resilient policing, with potential for broader application and ongoing development.
Estrategia metodológica para la ejecución de la Etapa Productiva del programa “Articulación con la Educación Media y el Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje SENA” en el Centro de Comercio de la Regional Antioquia
Authors:   , Calle Bernal Claudia Azucena
Published: September 2024

La presente propuesta de innovación pedagógica, tiene como principal objetivo unificar los criterios de ejecución y evaluación de la Etapa Productiva del proceso de formación que se orienta en el programa Articulación de la Educación Media - SENA, Específicamente para el Centro de Comercio de la Regional Antioquia. Esta propuesta de innovación surge de las condiciones normativas formuladas desde el orden nacional del SENA y el Ministerio de Educación, en donde le atribuyen la potestad a cada uno de los Centros de Formación del SENA la creación de la metodología de trabajo que considere más apropiada, teniendo en cuenta, las características del entorno de las Instituciones de Educación Media y la Red de Conocimiento de la cual hagan parte las instituciones involucradas, para el desarrollo y ejecución del programa en cuestión. Es así como el Centro de Comercio de la Regional Antioquia, se compromete con el desarrollo de una metodología pedagógica innovadora, que a través de la formulación de proyectos productivos, tanto los aprendices como los instructores, puedan garantizar la apropiación de conocimiento y dar cumplimiento a la Etapa Productiva de su proceso de formación en el programa Articulación con la Educación Media. La propuesta metodológica de trabajo, busca apoyarse en el Modelo CANVAS de Alexander Osterwalder, que por su versatilidad y comprensión ontológica, se convierte en una herramienta de trabajo muy atractiva en el campo educativo, ya que incentiva a los aprendices a formular proyectos productivos, permitiéndoles alcanzar los conocimientos conceptuales requeridos, no solo para la identificación de una idea de proyecto innovadora, sino también, para el desarrollo y posterior validación de la misma, a través de la elaboración de una estructura sencilla donde analiza la composición de la demanda, la oferta, los costos y una proyección de ingresos. Concluyendo, los aprendices no solo realizan todo un trabajo de lectura de entorno económico, social y cultural; sino que también pueden dar cuenta de las competencias alcanzadas y los conocimientos adquiridos en la Etapa Lectiva de su proceso de formación.
Apuntes de Álgebra Lineal
Authors: Martínez Pería Francisco Dardo , Rios Noelia Belén
Published: September 2024

Este libro de cátedra es una colección de apuntes preparados para dictar un curso de álgebra lineal. Los temas desarrollados son los requeridos en el plan de estudio vigente de la licenciatura en matemática: espacios vectoriales sobre un cuerpo arbitrario, transformaciones lineales, el álgebra lineal de los polinomios, formas canónicas elementales, dualidad, espacios con producto interno, formas bilineales, álgebra tensorial y grupos de matrices.
Hospital contacts amongst high achieving adolescents from disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds.
Authors: Jerrim John
Published: September 2024

High achieving children from disadvantaged backgrounds are an important group for promoting social mobility. Prior research has found their educational achievement does not keep pace with their more socio-economically advantaged peers during secondary school, with early adolescence identified as a key period when their academic potential starts to go unfulfilled. This paper presents new evidence on the health outcomes of this group during this period, focusing on the contacts they make with hospital services due to mental health issues or risky health behaviours. We find high achieving children from disadvantaged backgrounds are hospitalised due to mental health issues and associated risky behaviours at a rate of around 80 per 1,000 children between the ages of 11 and 20. This is significantly above the rate of around 40 per 1,000 children for their equally able but more socio-economically advantaged peers. Our results hence provide further evidence that early adolescence is a key period during which high achieving children from disadvantaged backgrounds require further support. They may also suggest that mental health issues could be an important factor explaining in the poorer academic outcomes for high achieving disadvantaged young people.
The effectiveness of educational design according to the Roberts model for developing creative thinking and performance skills for students of the Institute of Fine Arts in the subject of interior design
Authors: Hamdi Rashid Al-Jaf Rawa , Mohammed Ali Al Saqi Hussein
Published: September 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي الى بناء تصميم تعليمي على وفق انموذج روبرتس لتنمية التفكير الابداعي والمهارات الادائية لدى طلبة معهد الفنون الجميلة بمادة التصميم الداخلي.
ولتحقيق اهداف البحث وضعت الباحثة (6) فرضيات صفرية، لذلك تحدد مجتمع البحث لطلبة معهد الفنون الجميلة البالغ عددهم (86) طالباً وطالبة تخصص تصميم داخلي مقرر في (4) معاهد، بعد ذلك تم اختيار عينة قصدية تمثلت بطالبات معهد الفنون الجميلة للبنات بلغ عددهن (14) طالبة تم توزيعهن على مجموعتين بواقع (7) طالبات لكل مجموعة. 
 اما ما يتعلق باجراءات البحث فقد تم تصميم انموذج تعليمي على وفق نموذج (روبرتس) التعليمي الذي يتكون من (4) عناقيد رئيسة ويتفرع من العنقود الاول (15) خطوة، كما تم تصميم نوعين من الاختبارات الاول يتعلق بقياس التفكير الابداعي والثاني يتعلق بقياس التحصيل المعرفي والاداء المهاري في مادة التصميم الداخلي، عرضت هذه الادوات على مجموعة من المحكمين لاظهار معامل الصدق لكل اختبار ومن ثم تم تطبيقها على عينة استطلاعية لأجل اظهار معامل الثبات، بعد ذلك استخدمت هذه الاختبارات للحصول على النتائج المتوخاة من تطبيقها على عينة البحث الاساسية.
اما  مايتعلق بالاجراءات البحث فقد تم تصميم انموذج تعليمي على وفق انموذج (روبرتس) التعليمي الذي يتكون من (4) عناقيد رئيسية ويتفرع من العنقود الاول (15) خطوة ، وتم تصميم نوعين من الاختبارات منها مقياس التفكير الابداعي ومقياس التحصيل المعرفي والاداء المهاري في مادة التصميم الداخلي وعرضه على مجموعة من الخبراء للتحقق من صلاحيته من اجل قياس الاهداف الذي وضع لقياسه وتم تطبيقها على عينة البحث الاساسية.
ولإظهار النتائج استعانت الباحثة بمجموعة من الوسائل الاحصائية (مان ويتني واختبار ولكوكسن ومعامل الصعوبة والتمييز ومعادلة كيودر ريتشادسون / 20) للثبات.
من خلال نتائج البحث الحاليالذي ظهر فيه تفوق طلبة المجموعة التجريبية الذين درسوا المادة على وفق التصميم التعليمياعلى من المجموعة الضابطة الذين درسوا المادة على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية حيثاشارت الى وجود فرق ذو دلالة احصائية لصالح التصميم  التعليمي الذي تم بناءه من قبل الباحثة وفق خطوات انموذج (روبرتس ) في تنمية التفكير الابداعي والمهارات الادائية لدى طلبة معهد الفنون الجميلة بمادة التصميم الداخلي ويعود سبب التفوق الى الأسباب الآتية:-

عرض التصميم التعليمي على وفق انموذج (روبرتس ) يتيح للطالب فرصة التفاعل مع المادة التعليمية مما يساعده على التفكير الابداعي وينمي مهاراته الادائية.
لمست الباحثة من خلال تدريسها للمجموعة التجريبية عن طريقالأنموذج التعليمي على وفق انموذج (روبرتس ) ظهور حماسونشاط لدى الطلبةمن خلال اتباع خطوات الوحدات التعليمية التي لاقت قبولا منهم ويدل ذلك على صلاحية الوحدات التعليمية التي اعدتها الباحثة.