bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combining Activity Trackers With Motivational Interviewing and Mutual Support to Increase Physical Activity in Parent-Adolescent Dyads: Longitudinal Observational Feasibility Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bianchi-Hayes Josette , Schoenfeld Elinor , Cataldo Rosa , Hou Wei , Messina Catherine , Pati Susmita
Published: April 2018

BACKGROUND

An essential component of any effective adolescent weight management program is physical activity (PA). PA levels drop dramatically in adolescence, contributing to the rising prevalence of adolescent obesity. Therefore, finding innovative interventions to address this decline in PA may help adolescents struggling with weight issues. The growing field of health technology provides potential solutions for addressing chronic health issues and lifestyle change, such as adolescent obesity. Activity trackers, used in conjunction with smartphone apps, can engage, motivate, and foster support among users while simultaneously providing feedback on their PA progress.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of a 10-week pilot study using smartphone-enabled activity tracker data to tailor motivation and goal setting on PA for overweight and obese adolescents and their parents.

METHODS

We queried enrolled adolescents, aged 14 to 16 years, with a body mass index at or above the 85th percentile, and 1 of their parents as to behaviors, barriers to change, and perceptions about exercise and health before and after the intervention. We captured daily step count and active minutes via activity trackers. Staff made phone calls to dyads at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 after enrollment to set daily personalized step-count and minutes goals based on their prior data and age-specific US national guidelines. We evaluated dyad correlations using nonparametric Spearman rank order correlations.

RESULTS

We enrolled 9 parent-adolescent dyads. Mean adolescent age was 15 (SD 0.9) years (range 14-16 years; 4 female and 5 male participants); mean parent age was 47 (SD 8.0) years (range 36-66 years). On average, adolescents met their personalized daily step-count goals on 35% (range 11%-62%) of the days they wore their trackers; parents did so on 39% (range 3%-68%) of the days they wore their trackers. Adolescents met their active-minutes goals on 55% (range 27%-85%) of the days they wore their trackers; parents did so on 83% (range 52%-97%) of the days. Parent and adolescent success was strongly correlated (step count: r=.36, P=.001; active minutes: r=.30, P=.007). Parental age was inversely correlated with step-count success (r=–.78, P=.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings illustrate that parent-adolescent dyads have highly correlated PA success rates. This supports further investigation of family-centered weight management interventions for adolescents, particularly those that involve the parent and the adolescent working together.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PROFESSOR SUPERVISOR DE ESTÁGIO NA FORMAÇÃO DE FUTURAS PROFESSORAS DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Zanon Jéssica Mistura , Couto Maria Elizabete Souza
Published: April 2018

Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados de uma investigação sobre a importância das ações do professor supervisor para a formação de futuras professoras da Educação Básica, durante a realização das atividades do estágio supervisionado em Matemática. Para isso, acompanhamos duas alunas de um curso de Licenciatura em Matemática de uma universidade pública, durante as atividades (regência) da disciplina Estágio Supervisionado III. Para a produção dos dados, utilizamos a observação (nas aulas de estágio na universidade e durante a regência nas escolas campo de estágio) e entrevistas (com as alunas/estagiárias e as professoras supervisoras na escola). Identificamos duas realidades, uma em que a estagiária teve o acompanhamento da professora supervisora durante todos os momentos do estágio e, a outra, uma estagiária que assumiu as turmas da professora, que poucas vezes esteve presente na sala de aula. Diante disso, evidenciamos que as duas, de acordo com cada realidade, construíram uma variedade de saberes – disciplinares (Matemática) e pedagógicos. Entretanto, o acompanhamento e supervisão do professor durante o estágio, na escola são importantes, pois contribuem para reflexão e construção dos saberes docentes do aluno/estagiário em formação inicial, de modo que podem compartilhar experiências sobre a organização da classe, planejamento das aulas, relação com alunos, o ensino da Matemática etc. Aprendizagens que contribuem à construção dos saberes docentes.
PET NAS ESCOLAS: O CONHECIMENTO “PLURIVERSITÁRIO” PROMOVIDO PELO PET ECONOMIA DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO SUDOESTE DA BAHIA
Authors: Vieira Olga Hianni Portugal , Lima Faíque Ribeiro
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho objetiva apresentar a relação extramuros desenvolvida pelo PET Economia daUESB com o trabalho intitulado “PET nas Escolas” como uma forma de auxiliar o aluno pré-vestibulando com a escolha do curso de graduação. Com isso, espera-se contribuir para aredução dos problemas sociais, acadêmicos e econômicos relacionados à retenção/evasão dediscentes no curso de Economia na UESB. O projeto consistiu em apresentar para estudantes doensino médio de uma rede estadual de educação em Vitória da Conquista, o Centro Territorialde Educação Profissional- CETEP, as características do curso de Ciências Econômicas, de modogeral, e a particularidades do curso na UESB. Foram retratados na sala de aula o objeto docurso, o tempo de duração, o fluxograma e as áreas no mercado de trabalho do economista.Adotou-se como material a utilização de slides para apresentação das informações e o métodopara realizar tal apresentação foi a exposição oral por parte dos (das) bolsistas do Programa. Emseguida, houve espaço para a fala dos estudantes do CETEP e um bate papo com os expositorese o tutor do Programa. Ao finalizar o projeto, os (as) alunos (as) da instituição se mostraramsatisfeitos (as) pelo conhecimento adquirido e aqueles (as) que tinham o curso de Economiadentro do seu leque de opções, relataram mais segurança para a escolha do curso.
Sketsa Kebudayaan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Widodo Hendro
Published: April 2018

The development of pesantren, schools and madrasah is a form of culture. They have dynamism in the society development. Pesantren, schools, and madrasah are also a manifestation of the lives of people or groups of people in the educational environment. The development of pesantren, school and madrasah as a unity of the development of educational institutions in Indonesia are interconnected with each other, so the cultural development of the three educational institutions can be seen from the cultural model proposed by van Peursen, covering mythological, ontological and functional phases. This article reveal and explore the development of pesantren, schools, and madrasah in cultural reviews. The researcher used cultural theories of van Peursen and Auguste Comte. Keywords: Pesantren, School, Madrasah, Culture
Pemikiran Ahmad Tafsir tentang Manajemen Pembentuk Insan Kamil
Authors: Rusdiana A.
Published: April 2018

Abstract: This article discusses Ahmad Tafsir's thought about the management of forming Insan Kamil, through a study of literature focused on the criteria of human kamil, its characteristics and its relation to the objectives of Islamic education. It is known that the general purpose of Islamic education is to strive for the development of human potential to achieve the perfection of insan kamil, people of faith, piety, and obedient worship to Allah SWT. The perfect Muslim is the man who has smart and intelligent mind, strong body, pious heart to Allah SWT, and good skill, is able to solve the problems scientifically and philosophically, possesses and develops science, philosophy, and heart that is capable of connecting with the supernatural. The eight domains above imply that the concept of insan kamil is very relevant with the goal of Islamic education, which equally wants to form human or learners who are smart, faithful and devoted. The discussion starts from Ahmad Tafsir's Biography and Works, Islamic Education according to Ahmad Tafsir and ending with Ahmad Tafsir’s thought about Insan Kamil. Keywords : Faithful insan kamil, Knowledgeable, Giving charity
Adat Bersandi Syarak, Syarak Bersandi Kitabullah: Konstruksi Adat dan Agama dalam Hak Waris Masyarakat Matrilineal
Authors: Rahma Dara Kartika
Published: April 2018

This study explains how women lose control access to their own inheritance. While the condition of Jambi highland communities is known as a society that adopts the matrilineal kinship system, where women have a strong position in the ownership of inheritance rights and can take decisions in the management of his inheritance. This perception arises from the opinion of some NGOs in Jambi who are running a REDD + program and feel understand the conditions and situation in the Kerinci area. Matrilineal society is considered to facilitate them in socialization related to women empowerment. This research method used ethnography and interview. The results of this study indicate that women are traditionÂ in a subordinated position, religion regulates male authority over women. Religion stands as a custom, while custom can not escape from religion. Religion regulates all the behaviour of villagers in community life. This forms a different knowledge between men and women towards their environment.
Bias Gender Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama di Aceh
Authors: Nur Mardin M
Published: April 2018

This research would like to discuss about the behavior of teachers in the class against their behavior outside the classroom. Data collection techniques were obtained, unstructured interviews, documentary and triangulation studies using sexual theories. After doing research by using univariate and bivariate analysis, it can be concluded that the behavior of teachers in the class has a significant effect on their behavior outside the classroom. This is confirmed by data from the age of gender bias dimensions studied, eight dimensions (80%) occur in gender bias and two dimensions (20%) do not occur gender bias. There was a strong enough change between the two (100%). This means that the higher the gender bias in learning, the higher the gender bias and gender inequities in schools. This study discusses the relationship between gender bias of learning with bias and gender inequality in schools.
THE APPLICATION OF EGP MATERIALS TO ATC STUDENTS OF CASEA MAKASSAR
Authors: Rahmat Agus , Al As'ary Muawwal
Published: April 2018

The objectives of this research were to find out the application of English for Generic Purposes (EGP) materials to the Air Traffic Controller (ATC) class in learning English at Civil Aviation Safety and Engineering Academy (CASEA), Makassar and the studentsâ€™ perceptions toward the application the materials. This research employed descriptive qualitative research design. It applied cluster random sampling technique. The informants of this research were nineteen that consist of one lecturer and 18 ATC students of CASEA Makassar. The data were collected by observations and interviews. The observations were conducted to gather the data about the application of the materials to the students while the interviews were done to support and strengthen the data from observations whereas the interviews were also purposed for analyzing the studentsâ€™ perception toward the application of the materials. The result of this research showed that (1) the application of EGP materials to ATC students of CASEA Makassar was quite effective since the lecturer had various ways in teaching English and could teach the students based on their needs as aviation studentsÂ  and (2) most of the students felt that both ESP (English for Specific Purposes) and EGP were so beneficial for them since as aviation cadets, they are required to be able to communicate in English. Despite the necessities for learning EGP and ESP, most of the students contended that ESP was more essential in their working environments as aircraft controllers.
PROBLEMS ON SFG THEMATIC PROGRESSION IN ESL ACADEMIC WRITING
Authors: Kuswoyo Heri , Susardi Susardi
Published: April 2018

The objective of this research is to identify the problems on the thematic progression in fifth semester studentsâ€™ academic writing. It examines the problems caused by the misuse of theme and rheme in the thematic progression of their writing. The data in this research are taken from 20 pieces of fifth semester studentsâ€™ academic writing. The collected data are analyzed based on the theory of problem in thematic progression, regarding misuse of theme and rheme put forward by Bloor & Bloor (1992) and Arunsirot (2013). Then, descriptive qualitative and library research methods are applied in this research. The results of the research reveal that six problems in thematic progression are found; they are the problem of brand new theme, the problem of double rheme, the problem of empty rheme, the problem of empty theme, the problem of overuse of constant theme pattern and the problem of confusing selection of textual theme. In addition, other four new problems are also identified. They are the problem of incomplete clause, the problem of error in choosing topical theme, the problem of unneeded textual theme, and the problem of double textual theme. In conclusion, the students must be aware of the flow of theme and rheme of thematic progression in their writing.
Concentraciones de flúor en aguas del acueducto de la empresa Proactiva, en el corregimiento Los Garzones (Montería – Colombia)
Authors: López-Salgado Jorge Luis , Narváez Peñata Carlos Andrés , Sierra-Guerra Ronald Antonio , Solera-García Erika Patricia , Vergara Mercado Martha Ligia , Mesa Ruiz Victoria Eugenia
Published: April 2018

Introducción: para el año 1969 el Gobierno Colombiano definió como estrategia inicial la fluoración del agua, tendiente a modificar los índices de morbilidad oral y con base a lo establecido por la OMS, referente a la concentración optima de flúor en el agua potable, el Estado Colombiano ha destacado la importancia de mantener estándares, que permitan a la población obtener beneficios de la fluoración, sin repercutir con otras alteraciones en la salud oral. Se verificaron los niveles de flúor en el agua potable de abastecimiento del acueducto de la empresa PROACTIVA, en el Corregimiento los Garzones del Municipio de Montería en los meses de enero, febrero y marzo de 2014. Métodos: el diseño de este estudio fue cuantitativo de tipo descriptivo. En muestras de agua tomadas aleatoriamente se midió diariamente la concentración de flúor durante tres meses mediante parámetros fisicoquímicos. Resultados: en el agua de acueducto del corregimiento los Garzones se encontraron valores entre 0.04 mg/L y 0.07 mg/L de flúor. Conclusiones: se encontró presencia de flúor en el agua potable para consumo humano a pesar que no hay un tratamiento de fluorización en la planta de Proactiva. Se dieron concentraciones de flúor de manera natural acordes con lo establecido por la OMS, pero esto no se puede entender como factor de protección ni de riesgo contra la caries dental.
Liberación de citoquinas en el periápice a causa de materiales de obturación en endodoncia. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Covo Morales Eduardo , Díaz Caballero Antonio , Padilla Correales Leonardo
Published: April 2018

La función principal de los materiales de obturación en endodoncia es sellar tridimensionalmente el extremo apical para evitar la invasión de bacterias y la infección del sistema de conductos radiculares una vez finalizado el tratamiento endodóntico. Algunos materiales pueden tener un efecto antibacteriano directo y eliminar microorganismos, también pueden permitir o estimular la reparación o regeneración completa, como el agregado de trióxido mineral (MTA). Sin embargo, no todos los materiales de obturación tienen la misma biocompatibilidad al contacto directo con los tejidos periapicales influyendo considerablemente en el resultado del tratamiento endodóntico. Según la microflora, los productos del metabolismo bacteriano, las alteraciones moleculares o celulares que modulan las características clínicas de cada individuo, pueden variar los complejos mecanismos de respuesta del organismo, por lo que no hay una respuesta determinada para cada paciente.
Detección de Helicobacter pylori en saliva. A futuro una prueba de rutina?
Authors: Olier-Castillo Doris
Published: April 2018

Helicobacter pylori, se ha demostrado estar presente en cavidad oral, se presenta como podría llegar a ser la detección en saliva una prueba que podría remmpazar el gold estándar para el diagnóstico de infección por esta bacteria.
Park Krajobrazowy Podlaski Przełom Bugu jako destynacja gospodarstw domowych
Authors: Siedlecka Agnieszka , Guziuk Marta
Published: April 2018

Wśród wielu funkcji jakie pełnią gospodarstwa domowe, można wymienić między innymi funkcję mającą na celu zagospodarowanie czasu wolnego poszczególnych jego członków. Metoda i narzędzia pozwalające na realizację tej funkcji oraz sam fakt ilości czasu wolnego wpływają na jakość życia. W dużej mierze możliwości zagospodarowania czasu wolnego zależą od poziomu osiąganych dochodów w gospodarstwie, jego sytuacji ekonomicznej. Obszar Parku Krajobrazowego Podlaski Przełom Bugu to jeden z celów podróży na tereny wschodniej Polski. Celem artykułu jest określenie głównych czynników determinujących podejmowanie aktywności turystycznej oraz ocena czynników wpływających, zdaniem respondentów, na atrakcyjność turystyczną tego parku. Postawiono hipotezę, iż w opinii usługobiorców najważniejszym czynnikiem jest położenie w pobliżu stadniny koni w Janowie Podlaskim. Dla realizacji celu i weryfikacji postawionej hipotezy przeprowadzone zostały badania ankietowe na grupie 103 kierowników gospodarstw domowych korzystających z usług turystycznych na tym terenie w okresie kwiecień–czerwiec 2017 roku.
Trendy projektowe w prezentacji gospodarstw agroturystycznych w Internecie
Authors: Król Karol
Published: April 2018

Celem pracy było rozpoznanie formy graficznej (projektowej), jaką najczęściej przyjmują witryny internetowe gospodarstw agroturystycznych. W pracy postawiono pytanie badawcze, czy najnowsze trendy projektowe znajdują zastosowanie w projektach takich witryn. Badaniom inspekcyjnym poddano 282 witryny obiektów, które zadeklarowały, że prowadzą działalność agroturystyczną. W trakcie badań inspekcyjnych weryfikowano występowanie koncepcji projektowych, m.in.: responsive web design, one-page, long-page, flat design, material design, a także hero image. W zbiorze badanych witryn nie odnotowano ani jednej utworzonej w koncepcji flat design lub material design. Najpopularniejszym rozwiązaniem projektowym była tzw. karuzela obrazów. Tylko jedną witrynę oceniono jako zgodną z trendem one-page design. Nieco większą popularnością cieszyły się koncepcje responsywności oraz hero image. Witryny z badanego zbioru były w większości wykonane w klasyczny, zachowawczy sposób, według standardów projektowych z lat 2008–2012.
Sieciowe produkty turystyczne jako przykład przedsiębiorczości na obszarach wiejskich
Authors: Balińska Agata
Published: April 2018

W artykule zaprezentowano koncepcję sieciowego produktu turystycznego jako formy przedsiębiorczości na obszarach wiejskich. Wskazano pozytywne wymiary tego typu produktów oraz bariery, które ograniczają ich rozwój.
Exploring Variation in Glycemic Control Across and Within Eight High-Income Countries: A Cross-sectional Analysis of 64,666 Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Charalampopoulos Dimitrios , Hermann Julia M. , Svensson Jannet , Skrivarhaug Torild , Maahs David M. , Akesson Karin , Warner Justin T. , Holl Reinhard W. , Birkebæk Niels H. , Drivvoll Ann K. , Miller Kellee M. , Svensson Ann-Marie , Stephenson Terence , Hofer Sabine E. , Fredheim Siri , Kummernes Siv J. , Foster Nicole , Hanberger Lena , Amin Rakesh , Rami-Merhar Birgit , Johansen Anders , Dahl-Jørgensen Knut , Clements Mark , Hanas Ragnar
Published: April 2018

OBJECTIVE

International studies on childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) have focused on whole-country mean HbA1c levels, thereby concealing potential variations within countries. We aimed to explore the variations in HbA1c across and within eight high-income countries to best inform international benchmarking and policy recommendations.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Data were collected between 2013 and 2014 from 64,666 children with T1D who were <18 years of age across 528 centers in Germany, Austria, England, Wales, U.S., Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. We used fixed- and random-effects models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, and minority status to describe differences between center means and to calculate the proportion of total variation in HbA1c levels that is attributable to between-center differences (intraclass correlation [ICC]). We also explored the association between within-center variation and children’s glycemic control.

RESULTS

Sweden had the lowest mean HbA1c (59 mmol/mol [7.6%]) and together with Norway and Denmark showed the lowest between-center variations (ICC ≤4%). Germany and Austria had the next lowest mean HbA1c (61–62 mmol/mol [7.7–7.8%]) but showed the largest center variations (ICC ∼15%). Centers in England, Wales, and the U.S. showed low-to-moderate variation around high mean values. In pooled analysis, differences between counties remained significant after adjustment for children characteristics and center effects (P value <0.001). Across all countries, children attending centers with more variable glycemic results had higher HbA1c levels (5.6 mmol/mol [0.5%] per 5 mmol/mol [0.5%] increase in center SD of HbA1c values of all children attending a specific center).

CONCLUSIONS

At similar average levels of HbA1c, countries display different levels of center variation. The distribution of glycemic achievement within countries should be considered in developing informed policies that drive quality improvement.
Synthesis of Novel 3-Acetyl N-methyl-2- Quinolone Derivatives with Expected Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Salman Ghazwan Ali
Published: April 2018

A series of new 3-Acetyl N-Methyl-2-quinolones oxadiazoles derivatives were synthesized by reaction of 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-1-methylquinolin-2(1H)-one 3 with ethylbromoacetate to produce compounds 4. The hydrazinolysis of compound 4 with hydrazine hydrate afforded hydrazide compounds 5. New Schiff bases 6 were obtained by condensation of compound 5 with different aryl aldehydes. The last step involves refluxing compound 6 with acetic anhydrides to give the corresponding 3-acetyl-N-methylquinolin-2-one oxadiazoles 7. All the synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The synthesized compounds have been evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Among sixteen synthesized novel compounds, in which five compounds (7a, 7b, 7c, 7e, 7g) ex-hibited promising Antimicrobial activity as compared to Trimethoprim (100μg/ml).
Affect the Cross Linking Degree and Polymer Composition on the Mechanical Properties of Poly (vinyl alcohol)/ Pullu-lan Films
Authors: Soud Shemaa Abdul Satar
Published: April 2018

In this study Cross-linked PVA/Pullulan film was prepared. Cross-linking reaction done by addi-tion of gluteraldehyde at different reaction time (10,30and 60) min. Chemical interaction, me-chanical, thermal properties, water solubility and film morphology was studied for cross-linked PVA/Pullulan, PVA and Pullulan only. Thus FTIR investigated formation of hydrogen bonding between pullulan and PVA with (GA). Tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation (%) at break for PVA/Pullulan film was improved with addition of (GA) as the reaction time proceed equivalent with increasing PVA content
Modification of Iraqi Asphalt 40/50 Properties Using Saw Dust (SD) and Natural Rubber Latex
Authors: Darwesh Rusul l M.
Published: April 2018

The aim of this research is to enhance the fundamental properties for asphalt binder as those spec-ifications relate to performance of asphalt mixtures. In this paper studied the effect of add (2, 4 %) SD in different sizes and (3, 5 and 7%) Natural rubber latex to the straight asphalt 40/50 produced from Al-Dura refinery at 160C, it was added each additive separately and then added together to asphalt in same temperature, then tested physically and mechanically according to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the result showed largely improvement.
Evaluating Cross Sections of Gallium Isotopes Production Using proton and deuteron Irradiation
Authors: Mohammed Raghad S.
Published: April 2018

In the present work, the production of the cross sections of three Gallium isotopes: 35

66

31Ga

(t1

⁄2 = 9.4h, β+ = 4.2MeV), 36

67

31Ga

(t1

⁄2=3.2617d, EC=100%) and 37

68

31Ga

(t1

⁄2 = 68min,

Iβ+ = 89%) have been discussed. The Gallium isotopes have important applications in nuclear

medicine, particularly in Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Single Photon Emission Tomography

(SPET) imaging technique and used in tumors diagnosing. The production of irradiant

Ga 66

,

Ga 67

and

Ga 68

is made by irradiation of an enriched Zinc target using proton and deuteron

charged particles. Utilizing high cyclotron yield and low radionuclide impurities, the optimum

cyclotron energy range has been chosen for the production of Gallium isotopes. The cross

sections of (p,xn), (p,γ) and (d,xn) reactions for the production of Gallium isotopes have been

evaluated depending upon the empirical data taken from EXFOR library, which is belonging to

the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Also the yield for each reaction has been evaluated
Alteridades nas representações de Árabes e muçulmanos na teledramaturgia nacional
Authors: Porto César Henrique de Queiroz
Published: April 2018

Este artigo tem como pressuposto pensar a alteridade a partir das representações visuais dos árabes na teledramaturgia brasileira, considerando como fonte algumas produções televisicas, especialmente a telenovela O Clone. Essa novela foi um grande sucesso da televisão brasileira, sendo que sua trama introduziu o público brasileiro na cultura muçulmana e reforçou antigas representações relacionadas aos imigrantes árabes, perpetrando o imaginário em relação aos “turcos”.
What's in a Dream? Natural Elements, Risk and Loose Parts in Children's Dream Playspace Drawings
Authors: Ward Kumara
Published: April 2018

IN THIS PAPER, CHILDREN'S idealised playspace drawings, arising from their participation in planning a children's playground in a local shopping centre, are examined. This examination is conducted by engaging with theories of human/nature connection, significance of place, and children as agents in co-construction of playspaces. Analysis of the drawings—through a combination of iterative visual methods and children's narratives—highlights the value children place on being outdoors and on natural elements, loose parts and activity in their play. The playspaces imagined/drawn by the children are in stark contrast to the design of play environments in many schools and early childhood settings where safety and supervision are the dominant focus. These conflicting views are examined in the context of international discourse on playspace design, and the concluding discussion adds to the growing number of voices affirming that children should be actively engaged in the planning process and become co-constructors in spaces that are designed for their use.
Parents’ Perspective on Early Childhood Education in New Zealand: Voices from Pacifika Families
Authors: Singh Pratika , Zhang Kaili C
Published: April 2018

AOTEAROA/NEW ZEALAND HAS a reputation for being a world leader in early childhood education. However, research indicates that many early childhood teachers in New Zealand encounter difficulties when working with children and families from diverse backgrounds. In addition, though a plethora of research has been done on early childhood teachers’ partnership with parents of multicultural backgrounds, little attention has been given by researchers to Pacifika parents’ perspective on early childhood education in New Zealand. This article draws on findings from an interpretative study on three Pacifika families’ views about their cultural practice at home and their views about early childhood education in New Zealand. It is believed that investigating parents’ views on early childhood education and early childhood services in New Zealand can provide better support for families and children from Pacifika backgrounds.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Proses Sains Terpadu Siswa melalui Implementasi Levels of Inquiry (LoI)
Authors: Muliyani Riski , Kurniawan Yudi , Sandra Desvika Annisa
Published: April 2018

The scientific process skills should trains to a pre-service teacher, especially pre-service physics teacher. This study aims to get description about the enhancement of students’ integrated scientific process skill through the level of inquiry (LoI) learning model. This research located at a public junior high school in Singkawang City. This research use week experimental design with one group pretest-posttest design. Samples were taken by using cluster random technique. The instrument of collection data are tested KPS (scientific process skill test), LoI’s observation sheets, and attitude scale sheet (to collect students’ responses to LoI models). The result showed that students’ integrated scientific process skill is enhanced in n-gain 0,31 (medium), LoI’s observation sheet is”all activities were held” an attitude scale is 80,4 % (positive response). These could be concluded that Scientific Process Skill on that schools is enhancing (medium category) by using implementation of LoI model. Keterampilan Proses Sains (KPS) perlu dilatihkan terutama untuk calon guru sains termasuk calon guru fisika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran peningkatan aspek keterampilan proses sains (KPS) terpadu siswa melalui penerapan model Levels of Inquiry (LoI). Penelitian ini dilakukan di salah satu SMP Negeri Kota Singkawang, menggunakan metode weak experimental design dengan one group pretest-posttest design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan cluster random sampling. Instrument pengumpul data yang dipakai antara lain tes KPS, lembar observasi keterlaksanaan LoI, dan lembar skala sikap untuk mendapatkan deskripsi tanggapan siswa terhadap model LoI yang telah mereka alami. Hasil pengolahan instrument tes menunjukkan bahwa KPS yang dimiliki oleh siswa mengalami peningkatan dengan skor n-gain sebesar 0,31 (kategori sedang) dan keterlaksaaan model pembelajaran LOI dalam kategori “semua kegiatan siswa terlaksana” serta skala sikap dengan capaian respon bernilai 80,4 % (kategori positif). Dapat disimpulkan pada sekolah tersebut, KPS dapat ditingkatkan melalui penerapan LoI dengan kategori sedang.
Maximum Power Control of DFIG Based Grid Connected Wind Turbine Generator System
Authors: Muhammed Y. Worku  , M.A. Abido
Published: April 2018

This paper presents a simulation model of variable speed wind turbine with a doubly fed induction generator developed in Matlab/simulink. Vector control of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) drive for variable speed wind power generation is described. A slip ring (wound rotor) induction generator with back to back three phase PWM converter between its rotor and the grid forms the electrical system. A vector control scheme for the PWM converters results in independent control of active and reactive power. Line (supply) voltage oriented reference frame has been used to independently control the active and reactive power. Results are provided at the end for sub synchronous and super-synchronous operation of the DFIG.
Evaluation of custom-designed lateral power transistors in a silicon-on-insulator process in a synchronous buck converter
Authors: Sinan Okumus  , Lin Fan  , Yasser Nour  , Arnold Knott
Published: April 2018

Most of todays power converters are based on power semiconductors, which are built in vertical power semiconductor processes. These devices result in limited packaging possibilities, which lead to physically long galvanic connections and therefore high external electromagnetic fields. These fields compromise power quality significantly. Therefore this paper examines the possibility to use lateral silicon-on-insulator power MOSFETs and uses the custom-made devices in a 48 V to 12 V synchronous buck converter in continuous conduction mode. The converter is designed based on custom made power transistors, implemented and verified by experimental results. The resulting efficiency of the 1 Wconverter is around 93 % across a wide load range and its temperature rise is less the 10 C. This leads to the conclusion, that modern lateral silicon-on-insulator power processes allow high integration of power stages and therefore promise lower emissions, leading to higher power quality.
Operation and Maintenance in Solar Plants: Eight study cases
Authors: Ana P. Talayero  , J.J. Melero  , AndrésLlombart  , Adrián Casado
Published: April 2018

The use of solar photovoltaic generation is growing up nowadays. New developments have been achieved lowering the prices of the modules and their installation. Nevertheless, the operation and maintenance of these plants still needs improvements in order to enhance their efficiency and economic balance. This paper presents a detailed analysis of eight photovoltaic (PV) plants revealing improvements on the monitoring system and the maintenance procedures. The common failures in PV plants have been established and their losses have been estimated. A correct diagnostic method using good information and monitoring systems could have reduced the losses.
A Wind Turbine Blade Damage Detection System Based on Data Analysis: An Academic Example on the Use of Histograms
Authors: Leonardo Acho  , Pablo Buenestado
Published: April 2018

The main objective of this paper is to introduce an academic example on the use of histograms to develop a wind turbine blade fault (or damage) detection system. This approach merely uses data analysis obtained from a generated wind turbine power. Then, and based on the power curve of a wind turbine, histograms are obtained, first, for the healthy wind turbine operation, and then, for two cases on faulty wind turbine operations. By comparing them, a faulty behaviour of a wind turbine is detectable. Finally, according to our numerical example, the proposed technique seems a realistic case to students on the statistic and probability fields as a useful academic example.
Torrefaction of Portuguese woody biomasses and the evaluation of its properties
Authors: L.J.R. Nunes  , R. Godina  , J.C.O. Matias  , J.P.S. Catalão
Published: April 2018

Torrefaction is an option for improving biomass properties for fuel application. Biomass undergoes chemical changes reflected on the upgrading of its properties as a biofuel, such as higher calorific power, lower O/C and H/C ratios, lower higroscopicity or better grindability. The objectives of this experimental study were to analyze the effects of torrefaction, under standard conditions of 265 ºC, and residence time of 15 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere and during a total 1h45m heating period, on a set of sixteen woody biomasses coming from poplar short rotation coppice (SRC) and other Portuguese roundwoods. Average mass loss was higher than 40%. The set of poplar clones and common broom provided torrefied products with higher quality than the set of roundwood forest species. The results on other parameters for proximate and ultimate analysis corroborate this global picture. Correlation analysis showed a higher degree of interconnectedness between LHV and proximate analysis results, for poplar clones and common broom, comparatively with roundwood biomasses.
Characterization of the effect of pyrolysis in torrefied wood chips
Authors: L.J.R. Nunes  , R. Godina  , J.C.O. Matias  , J.P.S. Catalão
Published: April 2018

The pyrolysis behavior of torrefied wood produced in Portugal was investigated. Torrefaction is the thermochemical upgrading of biomass at approximately 300ºC in an atmosphere free of oxidizing agents to increase fuel density and to improve fuel quality, decreasing moisture and increasing heating value. Torrefied woodchips were pyrolysed at pressurized conditions in an inert atmosphere at 600ºC. All the condensable liquids were sampled for analyses. All pyrolysis hydrocarbon liquids were analysed using simulated distillation (simdis) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS). Torrefied wood hydrocarbon liquid showed higher concentrations of aliphatic aldehydes liquid. A decrease in all the other molecular components was observed for the torrefied wood hydrocarbon liquid. The main organic components in the torrefied wood pyrolysis water fractions were acids, alcohols and aliphatic oxygenates. Torrefied wood pyrolysis water exhibited a significantly lower acid concentration when compared to non torrefied wood pyrolysis water. The biomass chars (prepared at 600ºC) were analysed using proximate analyses and carbon dioxide char reactivity. Proximate analyses showed that volatile matter was still present in the torrefied wood, but was almost completely devolatilized after pyrolysis.
Renewable Energy Storage in the Republic of South Africa
Authors: A.J. van der Walt  , J.H.C. Pretorius  , J.H. Enslin
Published: April 2018

The objectives were to perform extensive research on the South African Renewable Energy Storage capabilities and business case. The focus was to investigate the advantages it would bring to the country to invest in energy storage solutions to aid in not only meeting the electricity demand forecast for the next 25 to 40 years, but also focusing on the energy dips, known as the “Duck Curve”. This could provide flexibility to the National Grid in parallel with reducing the carbon footprint of the current generating stations and the transmission-and distribution networks by either remodelling them, or to completely replace them with a better solution such as renewable energy with storage. The final expected output of the research would be to develop a basic spreadsheet calculator that is capable of calculating the energy and financial impact it would have when integrating a certain amount of storage into the national grid.
Influence of the compression pressure ratio on the energetic and exergetic efficiency of a solar driven regenerative closed Brayton cycle with helium as working fluid
Authors: S. Sanchez-Orgaz  , J. Rodríguez Martín  , A. Jiménez Álvaro  , I. López Paniagua  , C. González Fernández  , R. Nieto Carlier
Published: April 2018

One of the causes of the lack of competitiveness of solar thermal energy is its low energy and exergetic performance Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the possibility of using more efficient cycles. Closed Brayton cycles are an attractive alternative because of their good performance achieved in other applications on the same range of temperatures. In this work the energy and exergy efficiency of a closed Brayton regenerative cycle have been calculated. The working fluid of the power block is helium. Also, the influence of the compressor pressure ratio on the energetic and exergetic efficiency has been analyzed. For this, a model of the plant in Engineering Equation Solver (EES) has been made. The maximum energy efficiency is 22.44% while the maximum exergetic efficiency is 24.09%. Both are obtained for a compressor pressure ratio of 1.634.
Detection and prediction of photovoltaic panels malfunctions
Authors: M. Belik
Published: April 2018

This article discusses issues of photovoltaic panels malfunctions and failures. Several computerized detection methods are applied on 300 real commercial crystalline Si photovoltaic installations to identify origin, quantity and time behaviour of most common malfunctions. This paper focuses only on operational failures while malfunctions derivable from fabrication process and transport are not in account. Failures influence on VA characteristic is deeply discussed. Possible usage of computerized real time VA characteristic measurements for backward failure detection and identification is evaluated. The main contribution of this research is the application and verification of this method on 8 channel pilot system.
Influence of auxiliary mounted passive solar systems on thermal comfort in office building
Authors: M. Belik
Published: April 2018

This article discusses the influence of passive solar systems supplementary mounted on stand alone office building. The main contribution is analysis of different configurations on thermal comfort inside the building. Specific measurement methods are applied on real passive solar systems and the elimination and correction of instrumentation uncertainities are interpreted. Particular effects are demonstrated on appropriate thermograms. The main chapter focuses on results of long period measurements performed on various types of passive solar systems. The results are discussed on sample office rooms. Ideal passive system configuration is disputed. Optimal operation mode evolution is explained as the main contribution of this experimental research.
Characterization of network harmonic impedance for grid connection studies of renewable plants
Authors: P. Eguia  , G. Gil  , R. Rodriguez-Sanchez  , M. Haro-Larrode  , A. Gil-de-Muro
Published: April 2018

The impedance of a grid as a function of the frequency, or grid harmonic impedance, indicates the nature of the distortion and, especially, of the resonances that may appear in the system due to the presence of harmonic sources. Modelling this impedance is fundamental to be able to perform grid connection studies of renewable generation plants. However, usually the necessary information is not available, and the impedance is represented in a very simplified way. This paper analyses the different methods proposed in the literature to model the grid harmonic impedance and selects the most suitable for its implementation in PowerFactory simulation software, widely used in the industry for this type of studies. The selected method allows obtaining an equivalent network model that reproduces the harmonic behaviour of the network, without having to model the complete network in detail. A case study that applies the method to analyse the harmonic distortion at the POI of an offshore wind farm is presented.
Impact of flat-top voltage waveform distortion on harmonic current emission and summation of electronic household appliances
Authors: Ana María Blanco  , Manish Gupta  , Aurora Gil de Castro  , Sarah Rönnberg  , Jan Meyer
Published: April 2018

Electronic household appliances are non-linear loads and emit harmonics into the low voltage networks. Usually, these loads are simply modelled by constant current source models, which only represent the harmonic emission of the appliances for a single supply voltage distortion, mostly sinusoidal conditions. Measurements have shown that the harmonic currents emitted by electronic devices can significantly depend on the circuit topology and the existing supply voltage distortion. This paper studies the impact of supply voltage distortion, which can be typically found in public low voltage networks (so-called flat-top voltage waveform), on the harmonic current emission of individual devices with different circuit topologies as well as the impact of supply voltage distortion on the harmonic summation of these devices.
Analysis of the optimum allocation of BESS for contingency support
Authors: J. García-Villalobos  , E. Torres  , P. Eguía  , A. Etxegarai
Published: April 2018

The development of energy storage technologies is considered a key issue to increase the flexibility of future power systems and to achieve high penetration levels of renewable generation. In recent years, battery-based storage has attracted great interest due to the cost reduction of lithium-ion batteries. In addition, the modularity of batteries makes possible to develop not only grid-scale energy storage facilities connected at transmission voltage levels but also smaller distributed energy storage systems connected at distribution voltage levels. However, it must be taken into account that the size and services provided by batteries depend on their location in the power system. In this paper, a methodology to determine the optimal location of battery based electrical energy storage systems for contingency support is presented. The methodology has been applied to a Spanish power system to evaluate the effect of batteries on contingency support when installed either in the transmission network or in the distribution network.
Characterization of Non-linear Inductors Including Thermal Effects for Power Applications
Authors: D. Scirè  , S. Rosato  , G. Lullo  , G. Vitale
Published: April 2018

This paper focuses on the behavior of non-linear inductors employed in DC/DC switching converters considering the effects due to variations of both current and temperature. The characterization of the inductors is performed by a buck converter operated to stimulate the inductor under test by a constant current with superimposed a large signal. The measurements are carried out for several temperature values of the inductor. Data are automatically collected by a novel virtual instrument developed by the authors in LabVIEW® environment, aiming to obtain a polynomial based analytical model. The deep knowledge of the inductor model allows its design to be optimized improving the power density of the converter.
Integration of maintainability and operativity criteria in the contracts to build under EPC model in energy infrastructures to optimize the OPEX. Example of the methodology to analyse the preferences in the owner and contractor point of view.
Authors: Jesus Losada Maseda  , Almudena Filgueira Vizoso  , Eugenio Muñoz Camacho  , Laura  Castro Santos  , Francisco Javier López Montero
Published: April 2018

The buyer of Project or equipment wants to obtain the maximum profit for the money that is invested in the operation and the seller shall try to give the less for that money to obtain also the maximum benefit. The way both parties regulate their relation is based in the agreement under a contract base, that in the energy infrastructure sector is mostly based in the EPC (Engineering Procurement and Construction) model. The present paper uses the information and data obtained through the development of the PhD thesis of one of the authors, that collected valuable information and assessment about the integration of operability and maintainability criteria in the contracts of a total of 158 projects and megaprojects, with a total contract value close to 40.000 M€. Several of those projects correspond to windmill , solar and hydraulic power plants. The survey done collected information about the perception and point of view of the promoter or owner, the contractor or the supplier, the engineering companies (Project Management Team (PMT)) and several advisors (legal, commercial,..), about the preference of integration of those criteria in the projects that they were involved in, and the phase and the procedure to make the integration, as well as the role of experienced personnel in Operation and Maintenance areas in the whole life time of the projects. The conclusion of the study confirmed that the perception of what the owner and the contractor understand about the integration of operation and maintenance criteria in the projects is really different, but if contractors and/or suppliers would try to understand and deliver at a reasonable price what the owner is expecting from them, their chance to become the preferred contractor in the tenders associated to the projects would be increased.
A three phase 3-level inverter with reduced THD factor
Authors: J. Iwaszkiewicz  , A. Muc
Published: April 2018

The paper presents an mathematical analysis of a stepped function denoted as fN=6 . This function describes precisely an output voltage waveform of a 3-level inverter. The analysis proves that cascaded inverters give a very good performance of the output voltage according to a criterion of minimal THD. Optimal parameters are indicated in the paper. They permit to diminish the THD factor to a level below 21% while in standard NPC inverters such a result requires special treatment.