bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patronase Politik dalam Konsep Kewarganegaraan di Pesantren Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah Medan
Authors: Prayetno Prayetno , Pinem Windawati , Iqbal Muhammad , Ramadhan Taufiq
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aims to see political patronage in the concept of citizenship in the Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah Medan pesantren. Pesantren Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah is one of the modern pesantren that has kiai as an important figure. However, the relationship between kiai and santri tends to be emotional, cultural, and forms patronage. Kiai is a patron who has power and influence. While santri is a client group that has a sami'na wa atho'na attitude. This patronage is not only in religious matters but also in political matters. Referring to the concept of citizenship, the patronage established between Kiai and Santri is considered contrary to democratic principles. This is because the political behaviour of students is still influenced by kiai figures. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with an ethnographic approach. Primary data is deep interviews. While secondary data is sourced from books and journals. Data collection techniques were carried out by observation, interviews and FGDs. While the data validation technique uses the triangulation method. The results of the study found that political patronage in the Ponpes Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah took the form of half-hearted political patronage. The obedience of santri to kiai is limited to religious matters only, not in political matters.-------------------AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat patronase politik dalam konsep kewarganegaraan di pesantren Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah Medan. Pesantren Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah merupakan salah satu pesantren modern yang memiliki kiai sebagai figur penting. Akan tetapi hubungan yang terjalin antara kiai dan santri cenderung bersifat emosional kultural dan membentuk patronase. Kiai merupakan patron yang memiliki power dan pengaruh. Sedangkan santri adalah kelompok client yang memiliki sikap sami’na wa atho’na. Patronase ini tidak hanya dalam urusan agama saja, melainkan juga dalam persoalan politik. Merujuk pada konsep kewarganegaraan, patronase yang terjalin antara kiai dan santri dianggap berlawanan dengan prinsip demokrasi. Hal ini dikarenakan perilaku politik santri masih dipengaruhi oleh figure kiai. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Data primer berupa deep interview. Sedangkan data sekunder bersumber dari buku dan jurnal. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan FGD. Sedangkan teknik validasi data menggunakan metode triangulasi. Adapun hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa patronase politik di ponpes Ar-Raudlatul Hasanah berbentuk patronase politik setengah hati. Kepatuhan santri kepada kiai terbatas hanya dalam persoalan agama saja tidak dalam urusan politik.
Penguatan Partisipasi Siswa Pada Kegiatan Jumat Pagi dalam Membentuk Kewarganegaraan Yang Baik di SMP Negeri 1 Teras
Authors: Hendrawan Deviyanthi Putri , Muthali'in Achmad
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe focus of the research is on increasing student participation in Friday morning activities as a means of fostering good citizenship. Participation contributes to activities carried out conscientiously and responsibly; therefore, schools become a vehicle for building the younger generation, particularly in Pancasila and Citizenship Education, which relate to behavior, norms, perspectives, and national values. The focus of the research was on the notion that the Friday morning habituation program increased student participation, which could shape students into good citizens. This study seeks to determine the effect of increased student participation in Friday morning activities on the development of good citizenship. This study employs descriptive qualitative and flow model analysis methodologies. The results of the study indicate that Friday Morning activities can strengthen student participation in developing good citizenship, as indicated by five indicators of participation-strengthening abilities. Several students did not participate and the weather constituted the obstacles. The solutions provided are in the form of scores and motivational, regardless of the weather, students can adopt other indoor-active habits. The conclusion is that student participation in Friday Morning activities at SMP Negeri 1 Teras strengthens the formation of good citizenship.---------------AbstrakFokus penelitian adalah penguatan partisipasi siswa pada kegiatan jumat pagi dalam membentuk kewarganegaraan yang baik. Partisipasi merupakan kontribusi kegiatan yang dilakukan secara sadar dan bertanggung jawab, maka sekolah menjadi wadah dalam membangun generasi muda terutama pada Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan karena berhubungan dengan tingkah laku, norma, pandangan serta nilai kebangsaan. Fokus penelitian melihat adanya penguatan partisipasi siswa setelah diadakannya program pembiasaan jumat pagi yang dapat membentuk siswa memiliki kewarganegaraan yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penguatan partisipasi siswa pada kegiatan jumat pagi dalam membentuk kewarganegaraan yang baik. Penelitian menggunakan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis model alir. Hasil penelitian bahwa kegiatan Jumat Pagi mampu menguatkan partisipasi siswa dalam membentuk kewarganegaraan yang baik, ditunjukkan dari lima indikator penguatan kemampuan partisipasi. Kendalanya beberapa siswa yang tidak berpartisipasi dan cuaca. Solusi yang diberikan berupa skor dan dorongan motivasi, sedangkan cuaca dapat dialihkan pembiasaan lain yang beraktivitas dalam ruangan. Kesimpulan terdapat penguatan partisipasi siswa melalui kegiatan Jumat Pagi dalam membentuk kewarganegaraan yang baik di SMP Negeri 1 Teras.
Peran Pelaksana Sekolah Penggerak dalam Transformasi Pendidikan Berkualitas yang Berkelanjutan
Authors: Rachman Fazli , Yunita Sri , Junaidi Junaidi , Giri Taufiq Wijaya , Ramadhani Agung Pratama , Simarmata Yemima Putri Bona , Purba Anjeli Harpina , Amelia Icha
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research is interesting because it aims to photograph the efforts of educational units implementing the mobilization school program to achieve program objectives. The review was carried out on the conceptual research gap, namely the citizenship behavior of program implementers in their educational unit organizations. This qualitative research was carried out with a descriptive design. The research was conducted at SMAS An-Nizam Medan because it had been designated as a driving school, with a technique for determining respondents using purposive sampling. Data was analyzed using an interactive model. Efforts to transform education through driving schools at SMAS AN-Nizam Medan to create conditions and work environments that support: first, the implementation of the Pancasila student profile. Second, improving and equalizing the quality of driving school administrators. Third, create a collaborative climate between the driving school organizing elements in the school. The driving school organizing element is reflected in the school's elements to show concern and commitment in working highly dedicated to the transformation of education in schools. This reflection is a picture of the citizen good of an educational unit and the organizational citizenship behavior at SMAS AN-Nizam Medan.------------------AbstrakPenelitian ini menarik karena bertujuan untuk memotret upaya satuan pendidikan pelaksana program sekolah penggerak untuk mencapai tujuan program. Tinjauan dilakukan pada konseptual gap penelitian yaitu perilaku kewarganegaraan pelaksana program dalam organisasi satuan pendidikannya. Penelitian kualitatif ini dilakukan desain deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan di SMAS An-Nizam Medan karena telah ditetapkan sebagai sekolah penggerak, dengan teknik penentuan responden menggunakan purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif. Upaya transformasi pendidikan melalui sekolah penggerak di SMAS AN-Nizam Medan untuk menciptakan kondisi dan lingkungan kerja yang mendukung: pertama, implementasi profil pelajar Pancasila. Kedua, peningkatan dan pemerataan kualitas penyelenggara sekolah penggerak. Ketiga, menciptakan iklim kolaboratif antar unsur penyelenggara sekolah penggerak di sekolah. Unsur penyelenggara sekolah menggerak tercermin dari unsur-unsur sekolah untuk menunjukkan kepedulian dan komitmen dalam bekerja yang berdedikasi tinggi untuk transformasi pendidikan di sekolah. Cerminan tersebut merupakan gambaran dari “warga satuan pendidikan yang baik” dan perilaku kewarganegaraan organisasi di SMAS AN-Nizam Medan.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS SISWA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA GAMBAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI KELAS IV SD NEGERI 101770 TEMBUNG
Authors: Paridahanom Paridahanom
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to improve the writing skills of fourth grade students at SD Negeri 101770 Tembung, Percut Sei Tuan District. The method in this research is Classroom Action Research. The actions taken consisted of two (2) cycles. In cycle I, when writing from 28 students, there were 20 students who completed it with a percentage of 71.4%. In cycle II, the number of students who are serious about writing increases, the quality of writing also increases, the choice of words, the use of language rules are getting better. The results of the study showed that there was an increase in Indonesian learning outcomes by using media images, writing assignments for reading textbooks in class IV SD given by the teacher.Keywords: Writing Skills, Image Media, Learning OutcomesAbstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 101770 Tembung Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah Clasroom Action Research. Tindakan yang dilakukan terdiri dari dua (2) siklus. Pada siklus I, saat menulis dari 28 siswa, terdapat 20 orang siswa yang tuntas dengan persentase 71,4%. Pada siklus II ini jumlah siswa yang serius dalam menulis bertambah, kualitas tulisan juga meningkat, pilihan kata, penggunaan kaidah bahasa semangkin baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar bahasa indonesia dengan menggunakan media gambar, tugas-tugas menulis bacaan buku pelajaran di kelas IV SD yang diberikan oleh guru.Kata kunci : Keterampilan Menulis, Media Gambar, Hasil Belajar Siswa
IDENTITAS NASIONAL: KONTRIBUSI PROGRAM P5 DALAM KURIKULUM BARU GUNA MEMBANGUN RASA NASIONALISME ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rambe Novi Astika , Nasution Liliana Agusfrina , Yunita Sri , Dharma Surya
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The very rapid development of technology and the flow of globalization are things that must be considered and have an influence on the erosion of the sense of nationalism of future generations. The purpose of this research is to determine the contribution of the p5 program as a project to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students in schools towards a sense of nationalism. Indonesia is a pluralistic country that is rich in diversity in terms of ethnicity, religion, race and class. Diversity has many influences, such as gaps that can lead to conflict between groups or are caused by differences in culture and background between groups in society. So character cultivation is very necessary to provide understanding and strengthen the spirit of nationalism in students. The spirit of nationalism is a feeling of pride and love for one's country so that one is able to respect and respect the differences that exist in society. This research uses a literature study with a systematic review where data collection comes from textbooks, journals, scientific articles, and other literature reviews that are appropriate to the research study. The results of this research are regarding the contribution of implementing P5 activities through themes that are relevant to the need to build a sense of nationalism in students, especially at elementary school age.Keywords: National Identity, P5, Pancasila Student Profile, Sense of Nationalism, Globalization. Abstrak: Perkembangan teknologi yang sangat pesat dan arus globalisasi menjadi salah satu hal yang harus diperhatikan dan berpengaruh terhadap pengikisan rasa nasionalisme generasi kedepan. Tujuan adanya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontribusi program p5 sebagai proyek penguatan profil siswa Pancasila di sekolah terhadap rasa nasionalisme. Indonesia adalah negara majemuk yang kaya akan keanekaragaman baik dari segi suku, agama, ras dan golongan. Keragaman memiliki banyak pengaruh, seperti kesenjangan yang dapat menimbulkan konflik antar kelompok atau disebabkan oleh perbedaan budaya dan latar belakang antar kelompok dalam masyarakat. Sehingga penanaman karakter sangat diperlukan untuk memberikan pemahaman dan memperkuat jiwa nasionalisme pada siswa. Semangat nasionalisme adalah rasa bangga dan cinta tanah air sehingga mampu menghargai dan menghargai perbedaan yang ada dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi pustaka dengan tinjauan sistematis dimana pengumpulan data berasal dari buku teks, jurnal, artikel ilmiah, dan kajian pustaka lain yang sesuai dengan kajian penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu mengenai kontribusi pelaksanaan kegiatan P5 melalui tema-tema yang diusung relevan dengan kebutuhan dalam membangun rasa nasionalisme peserta didik terlebih pada usia sekolah dasar. Kata Kunci: Identitas Nasional, P5, Profil Pelajar Pancasila, Rasa Nasionalisme, Globalisasi.
PENGEMBANGAN E-MODUL BAGI GURU BERBASIS KOOPERATIF TIPE TALKING STICK PADA MATERI PENJUMLAHAN KELAS I SD
Authors: Nisa Zainatun , Kartinah Kartinah , Widayati Ligar
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The background to this research is the urgency of E-modules for teachers as references and guidebooks to create innovative, learner-centered, and fun learning. This research aims to develop and test the feasibility of an E-Module for Talking Stick Type Cooperative Teachers on Class I Elementary School Addition Material. This type of research is Research and Development (R & D) using the ADDIE development model which the researcher has modified. The subjects of this research were class I B teachers at SDN Tambakrejo 01. Small group trials were carried out in class I B at SDN Tambakrejo 01, Semarang City with a total of 27 students. The results of the research show that the Talking Stick Type Cooperative-Based E-Module in Class I Elementary School Addition Material is suitable for use with the percentage obtained from expert validator I being 95% and expert validator II being 91.7% with very feasible criteria and the percentage of teacher responses being 95% with very feasible criteria. This research concludes that the Talking Stick Type Cooperative-Based E-Module in Class I Elementary School Addition Material is very suitable to be used as a reference and teacher's guidebook in creating innovative, student-centered, and fun learning. Keyword: E-Module; Mathematics; Talking Stick Type Cooperative; Summation Abstrak: Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah urgensi E-modul bagi guru sebagai referensi dan buku panduan, sehingga dapat menciptakan pembelajaran yang inovatif, berpusat pada peserta didik, dan menyenangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan, dan menguji kelayakan E-Modul bagi guru Berbasis Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick pada Materi Penjumlahan Kelas I SD. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R & D) menggunakan model pengembangan ADDIE yang telah dimodifikasi oleh peneliti. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru kelas I B SDN Tambakrejo 01. Uji coba kelompok kecil dilakukan di kelas I B SDN Tambakrejo 01 Kota Semarang dengan jumlah peserta didik 27 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa EModul Berbasis Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick pada Materi Penjumlahan Kelas I SD layak digunakan dengan persentase yang diperoleh dari validator ahli I sebesar 95% dan validator ahli II sebesar 91,7% dengan kriteria sangat layak serta persentase tanggapan guru 95% dengan kriteria sangat layak. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah E-Modul Berbasis Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick pada Materi Penjumlahan Kelas I SD sangat layak digunakan sebagai referensi dan buku panduan guru dalam menciptakan pembelajaran yang inovatif, berpusat pada peserta didik, dan menyenangkan.Kata Kunci: E-Modul; Matematika; Kooperatif Tipe Talking Stick; Penjumlahan
PENGEMBANGAN NILAI CINTA DAMAI SEBAGAI PENCEGAHAN BULLYING DI SEKOLAH DALAM RANGKA MEMBENTUK KARAKTER KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: Amarullah Khairanda , Daulay Agus Satria
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The aim of this research is to prevent bullying in forming civic character. This situation stems from the continued existence of bullying in the educational environment. The data collection technique used is literature study. . Schools as formal educational institutions, as far as possible must have good handling, prevention and development in dealing with bullying problems which of course still occur a lot today. Both in preventing it in the teaching and learning process, as well as in preparing programs at school. The strategy implemented can be through a learning process that is packaged to instill anti-bullying values, teacher role models, and a school culture that is formed.Keywords: Values of Love of Peace, Bullying, Civic CharacterAbstrak: Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mencegah perundungan dalam membentuk karakter kewarganegaraan. Situasi ini bertolak dari masih adanya perundungan di lingkungan Pendidikan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah studi literatur. . Sekolah sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan formal, sebisa mungkin harus memiliki penanganan, pencegahan, dan pengembangan yang baik dalam menangani persoalan perundungan yang tentu sampai saat ini masih banyak terjadi. Baik dalam pencegahaanya dalam proses belajar mengajar, maupun dalam menyusun programnya disekolah. Strategi yang dilaksanakn dapat melalui proses pembelajaran yang dikemas untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai anti perundungan, teladan guru, maupun budaya sekolah yang dibentuk.Kata Kunci: Nilai Cinta Damai, Perundungan, Karakter Kewarganegaraan
Butirato de sodio protegido con grasa en la dieta de pollos de engorde
Authors: Castaño Jiménez Gastón Adolfo , Betancourt Jaime Andrés , Gómez Valentina , García Susana , Loaiza Yeny , Hernández Laura , Montoya Wilfredo
Published: April 2024

El butirato es una alternativa a los antibióticos promotores de crecimiento debido a su acción sobre bacterias patógenas, vellosidades intestinales y sistema inmune. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar el efecto de varios niveles de butirato de sodio protegido con grasa en la dieta de pollos de engorde sobre el desempeño y la canal. Se utilizaron 160 aves alojadas en 16 corrales, cada uno de los cuales se asignó según un diseño completamente al azar a uno de cuatro tratamientos: un control negativo sin promotor de crecimiento (SP); dos en los cuales el concentrado de SP se mezcló con butirato de sodio (3.5 y 7 g kg-1 de alimento para los tratamientos B3.5 y B7, respectivamente); y otro control positivo, en donde el concentrado de SP se mezcló con bacitracina de zinc (Ba). Las aves del tratamiento B7 presentaron mayor peso vivo a los 14 d y ganancia de peso durante la primera semana, en comparación con SP y Ba (p<0.05), pero no frente a B3.5. El índice de conversión alimenticia fue mayor para SP en comparación con B3.5 y B7 (p<0.05), pero no frente a Ba. Se concluye que suministrar butirato de sodio cubierto con grasa a pollos de engorde a un nivel de 7 g kg-1 en la dieta tiene efecto benéfico sobre el peso de las aves y la eficiencia de dieta durante las primeras semanas de vida, incluso cuando se compara con la bacitracina de zinc.
The Urgency of the Bantul Regional Disaster Management Agency in Increasing Disaster Awareness among Women’s Community
Authors: Lingganingrum Laras , Sakir Sakir
Published: April 2024

Women are included in the list of vulnerable victims of disaster due to their lack of skills and lower physical strength than men. The role of the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) as a communicator or messenger is required in the efforts to increase disaster awareness and information among women's community. This urgency is supported by the condition of the area which has a high risk of disaster as well as the fact that the total female population outnumbers the males. This research aims to find out how the BPBD of Bantul Regency uses social media to promote disaster awareness and information to the women's community. In the digital era, social media is considered capable of channeling messages more widely to reach underserved communities. This research used a qualitative method with a case study approach. The research results show that the BPBD of Bantul Regency have made some efforts to increase disaster awareness and information among women's community by involving direct participation. In carrying out the role, the communicator has a structured information delivery and processing chain by involving Pusdalops (the Operational Control Center) and teams from each field. This results in messages wrapped in the form of social media content, even though the disaster narrative does not yet represent efforts to increase disaster awareness and information for women's community. The target of this social media communication is the general public, both men and women. The existence of a structured information delivery and processing chain as well as mastered materials can make the messages reach the women's community. The researchers propose an alternative model for disaster communication through social media as an effort to increase disaster awareness and information among women's community without changing existing disaster information communication patterns. The researchers propose this model to fill the gap in the role of teams in each field who should have knowledge capacity related to the disaster awareness and information among women's community
The implementation of the Regional Development Plan policy focuses on developing the potential of empowered villages in Batu City
Authors: Hayat Hayat , Rudianto Rudianto , Muchsin Slamet , Afifuddin Afifuddin
Published: April 2024

Rural development aims to enhance the well-being and quality of life of rural communities and reduce poverty through the provision of basic needs, infrastructure development, local economic growth, and sustainable utilization of natural resources and the environment. To achieve these goals, the Village Law implements two approaches, namely "Building the Village" and "Village Development," integrated into village development planning. This research employs qualitative descriptive methods to provide a comprehensive and detailed overview of the investigated subject, aiming to understand the implementation of Regional Development Plan Policies focusing on empowering villages in the city of Batu. The study utilizes qualitative descriptive methods and in-depth interviews. The implementation of Regional Development Plan Policies in the city of Batu is documented in the Medium-Term Regional Development Plan (RPJMD) of Batu City for the period 2017-2022 and the Regional Development Plan (RPD) of Batu City for the period 2023-2026. The policy implementation is formalized through Regional Regulations and Local Regulations (Mayor's Regulations) both attributively and delegatively.
Community Empowerment Through the Village-Owned Enterprise "Bareng Lestari" in Bareng Village, Sawahan Subdistrict, Nganjuk Regency
Authors: Cahyaning Atie Ika Shania , Widyarta Agus
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyze community empowerment through the Village-Owned Enterprise "Bareng Lestari" in Bareng Village, Sawahan Subdistrict, Nganjuk Regency. The type of this research is qualitative-descriptive research with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The theory applied in this study is the 5P community empowerment approach, namely enabling, strengthening, protecting, supporting, and maintaining. The results of this research indicate that the community becomes empowered after the establishment of the village-owned enterprise (BUMDES) "Bareng Lestari", yet, this has not been achieved maximally. Out of the 5 indicators, 3 of them have been successfully achieved, including Strengthening, carried out by amplifying the BUMDES internally and externally by providing socialization and counseling for the community in Bareng Village; Supporting, can be seen from the existence of strong partnership networks, marketing of local products and processed products, as well as subsidized fertilizers;and Maintaining, carried out in all aspects including physical maintenance and the maintenance carried out in all fields starting from quality, existence, business units and programs, as well as partnership networks, thus the empowerment can be sustainable. Meanwhile, the other 2 indicators that have not been achieved maximally are including Enabling, where the BUMDES "Bareng Lestari" has not been able to create good possibilities or atmospheres that allow the community to develop optimally, because in fact, there are still many barriers between communities which make it difficult for the weak communities to develop; and Protecting, which is not optimal because there are still unachieved work programs due to the lack of participation from the community.
JogjaKita Application: Efforts to Revitalize DIY MSMEs in Forming the Digital Economy Through Collaboration between the Government and Entrepreneurs in the Digital Era
Authors: Widyasari Sindy , Kurniawan Akhmad , Azzahra Fadia , Solihah Sayidah Ummul , Iskandar Ghazian Avryllio , Darumurti Awang
Published: April 2024

It is recorded that around 80% of DIY MSMEs have no right platform to market their products digitally. DIY MSMEs still lack in terms of innovation and the desire to improve quality through digital. Through the Provincial Cooperative SME Service, the DIY government collaborates with PT JogjaKita Multi Andalan to deal with these problems. Therefore, this research aims to discover the collaboration model between the DIY Government and entrepreneurs through the JogjaKita application in the revitalization of digital-based MSMEs in the digital era 4.0. This research used a qualitative method with a case study approach and analyzed using an interactive model assisted by Nvivo 12 Plus. The research results show that the established collaboration is relatively successful. The collaboration model begins with a face-to-face dialog, and then building trust which takes a long time, around two years due to an internal conflict within the JogjaKita Company. This collaboration is quite helpful for several MSMEs in increasing the capacity and sales transactions. However, some obstacles still need to be faced, such as the small number of MSME actors who use the SiBakul free shipping service on the JogjaKita application, as well as the uneven distribution of infrastructure network in DIY.
Education and structural racism: teachers’ views on racial discrimination experienced in the workplace
Authors: Stolz Sheila
Published: April 2024

The research in question was developed together with the Center for Research and Extension in Human Rights (NUPEDH) and the Research Group Law, Gender and Plural Identities (DGIPLUS), both linked to the Postgraduate Program in Law and Social Justice at the Faculty of Law (FADIR) from the Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG/Brazil). We sought to investigate, analyze, and understand how structural racism – a phenomenon understood as systematic racial discrimination present in sociopolitical structures – is experienced by teachers who self-identify as black and who work in the public and private primary and secondary education network in the city of Canguçu located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Aiming to achieve the proposed objective, the deductive research method was adopted, comprising bibliographical research (scientific articles, theses, and books) and critical-reflective analysis of the collected material. As the aim was also to understand the reality of black teachers, empirical research was carried out through semi-structured interviews with all 41 black teachers out of a total of 775 teachers who work in the educational system in the city of Canguçu. Among the obtained results, the fact that the majority, that is, 99% of the teachers interviewed, stated that they had experienced situations of prejudice in work relationships and when teaching in the classroom stands out. Both the number of black teachers in the city of Canguçu and the testimonies of the interviewees corroborate the existence of structural racism in the educational sphere, since, as the authors who underlie the research emphasize, racial discrimination is one of the elements that make up the sociopolitical organization and economic aspects of Brazilian society.
Acerca de las últimas transformaciones y reformas que afectan al despido colectivo
Authors: Ortega Lozano Pompeyo Gabriel
Published: April 2024

Desarrollamos un análisis de la diversa y heterogénea problemática que presenta el marco jurídico-positivo del despido colectivo en el ordenamiento español, pero enfocado a las últimas reformas, modificaciones y cambios jurisprudenciales que le han afectado. Reformas “incompletas”, “inacabadas” o que dan lugar a diversas interpretaciones resultado del sentido de la norma como las modificaciones siguientes: la reforma introducida por el Real Decreto 608/2023, de 11 de julio, por el que se desarrolla el Mecanismo RED de Flexibilidad y Estabilización del Empleo; las modificaciones en la Inspección de Trabajo y Seguridad Social consecuencia de la Ley 3/2023, de 28 de febrero, de Empleo; algunas dudas interpretativas fruto de la derogación de la disposición adicional decimosexta del Estatuto de los Trabajadores por la vía de la reforma laboral del 2021; o la doctrina jurisprudencial acerca de la interpretación en el cómputo del despido colectivo.
ciberacoso en el trabajo como riesgo emergente: claves de su régimen jurídico preventivo en las leyes y convenios colectivos más recientes
Authors: Martínez Jiménez María Marta
Published: April 2024

El ciberacoso laboral ha surgido como un riesgo emergente en el entorno laboral moderno, mermando en este sentido la defensa y el ejercicio de los derechos de las personas trabajadoras en el seno de una empresa. Sin duda alguna, este estudio examina el régimen jurídico preventivo del ciberacoso en las leyes y convenios colectivos más recientes, otorgando gran importancia a las conductas de acoso digital, aunque estas se realicen fuera del horario y lugar de trabajo —a tenor de la Sala 4ª del Tribunal Supremo—. Además, refleja la perspectiva actual del Convenio 190 OIT, así como las normas y prácticas en las nuevas formas de trabajo, como el teletrabajo y la incidencia en el empleo doméstico. Finalmente, concluye con la importancia de las obligaciones empresariales y las posibles disfunciones entre la legislación laboral y la protección de libertad sexual, sin olvidar las recomendaciones que garanticen un entorno laboral seguro y saludable.
Nuevo envite legislativo sobre la ejecución de sentencias en el orden social
Authors: Fernández Ramírez Marina
Published: April 2024

La adaptación de la realidad judicial española del siglo XXI al marco tecnológico contemporáneo ha provocado que se acometa una oportuna reforma del orden jurisdiccional social, por vía del RD-ley 6/2023, de 19 de diciembre, especialmente, en términos de digitalización y eficiencia procesal como pasos fundamentales para un sistema judicial más ágil y accesible. En concreto, y en el pleno convencimiento de que la regulación de nuestro proceso laboral admite un claro margen de mejora en lo referente a la ejecución de sentencias y demás títulos ejecutivos, se ha procedido a la modificación de ciertos artículos de la Ley 36/2011, Reguladora de la Jurisdicción Social. Es, precisamente, la disección y evaluación crítica de esta reforma, al objeto de asegurar su suficiencia, así como que cumplen con los objetivos previstos, lo que motiva la existencia de este ensayo.
‘Era de las masas’ y la reacción y defensa conservadora al advenimiento de las clases trabajadoras a la vida económico-social y política: Gustave Le Bon (I)
Authors: Monereo Pérez José Luis
Published: April 2024

Gustave Le Bon (1841-1931) es una de esas personalidades polifacéticas y difíciles de encasillar que proliferaron a finales del siglo XIX y entre los dos siglos. Fue sociológico y psicólogo social, sobre todo de la psicología social de orientación sociológica (aunque también médico, fisiólogo e higienista). En realidad, fue uno de los fundadores principales de la psicología social, cuyo enfoque fue mantenido en numerosas obras, como Psicología de las multitudes, Psicología del Socialismo, Psicología de las Revoluciones, etcétera. Esa nueva «psicología de masas» afrontaría un nuevo fenómeno de la modernidad industrial caracterizado por el surgimiento de la «multitud» como agrupamiento humano especialmente proclive hacia la irracionalidad, la manipulación de dirigentes y líderes políticos, sindicales y religiosos. Le Bon realza la importancia de la sugestión y la imitación en el comportamiento irracional de las multitudes y sus consecuencias sociales, políticas y jurídicas. Le Bon, con harta frecuencia, ha sido infravalorado, y sin embargo, se ha afirmado, que excepto Sorel, y sin duda Tocqueville, ningún sabio francés ha tenido una influencia igual a la de Le Bon, el cual escribió libros de una extraordinaria repercusión en todos los ámbitos. Le Bon analiza el fenómeno de masas desde un enfoque positivista y fenomenológico del comportamiento de los individuos y grupos en las sociedades de masas.
A Literature Review on Solid Waste Management and Disposal Behavior at the Base of the Pyramid
Authors: Raab Katharina
Published: April 2024

Consumer behavior in disposing of products has substantial consequences for the environment that affect all of us. Waste management is a major challenge faced by many developing countries, underlining the relevance of this literature review. Even when academia tries to shed light on this field, it often fails to consider that waste management must be approached differently in less developed countries, which differ dramatically from advanced countries, especially with regard to consumers’ behavioral characteristics. Further, limited effort has been made to systematize the existing literature by highlighting areas of interest in the scholarly discussion. This literature review contributes to the field by illuminating focal points in scholarly research on the background of solid waste management and the disposal behavior of people living at the base of the pyramid. It explores how scholarly research results can guide scholars and practitioners who are contributing to a positive shift in waste management practices. Its novelty arises from annotating scholarly theories and managerial approaches that promise to advance the understanding of sustainable waste management in developing countries. Additionally, the utilization of VOSviewer’s network visualization involving cluster building and keyword occurrences, contributes to the methodological originality of the study. Selective keyword research in the Web of Science database identified 124 pertinent articles for review. This underscores the importance of this literature review, especially in light of the significant increase in publications in this research domain, with approximately 70% (87 of 124 articles) published since 2019. The results show that knowledge, participation, and the active involvement of the local communities are key components in achieving sustainable waste management. Shaping individuals’ attitudes and awareness is vital for promoting pro-environmental behaviors in developing countries. The results also show a prominent focus on recycling behavior and an extensive use of the theory of planned behavior.
The Implementation of Multimedia Interactive Visual (MIVI) Learning to Improve Students' Creative Thinking and Collaboration Skills
Authors: Nurkanti Mia , Yasundari
Published: April 2024

Objective: This research aims to explore the implementation of multimedia interactive visual (MIVI) learning to improve students’ creative thinking and collaboration skills on the topic of the food digestive system.
 
Methods: This research uses the Pre-Experiment Design method with using the research design of One-Group Pre-test-Post-test Design. The subjects in this research are determined by purposive sampling technique; they are students of XI MIA-7 20 Bandung Senior High School in the 2020-2021 school year.
 
Result:  The result of this research shows that in the cognitive aspect, the average point pre-test is 42,70, and the post-test is 82,46. Then, the test result of N-Gain is 42,70 as the medium category. Thus, the result of this research in the affective aspect gets 85 points in the average as well category, and psychomotor gets 86 on average in the very well category. At the same time, all the students' questionnaires got positive results, which is 79% in all categories. From all those data, this research concludes that the use of MIVI learning media can increase the student's learning outcomes in the human, mechanical system topic.
The Application Basis of International Trade Law Rules Before National Judiciary: A Jordanian Legal Perspective
Authors: Rayyan Ihab Fahmi , Hazeem Mohammad Shaher Abu , Alamawi Mohammad Ali
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aims to show the basis of the judge's application of the rules of international trade law in disputes submitted before it related to an international contract.
 
Methods: The research used general and special methods: dialectical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, and comparative-legal method.
 
Results and discussion: The results showed that national judges you must apply the rules of international trade law directly, even if they do not constitute part of their legal system. This is to promote international trade, and we based this on the principle of the superiority of international rules; It was noted that that approach was in keeping with the modern trend in commercial law conventions, which promoted their application as early as possible to those States which sought to apply such rules to their Disputes.
 
Implications of the research: That the predominant legal view is the direct application of the rules of international trade law, However, we cannot neglect the conflict of laws approach; so that considered a supplementary approach; on the other hand that choosing international trade law as the law to be applied to the contract by the parties’ autonomy is a material choice and not a conflict-of-laws choice. Therefore, it is treated as a matter of fact.
 
Originality/value: The value of this paper is shown in the statement of the extent to which the national judge application of international trade law rules automatically to a dispute before him relating to international trade, that mean without reliance on conflict-of-laws rules.
Association of periodontitis with cerebral small vessel disease in hypertensive patients – A pilot study
Authors:   Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, Tiago Pinto-Ribeiro Tiago , Felino António ,   Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, Faria-Almeida Ricardo ,   Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, Monteiro Ana ,   Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,   Hospital Lusíadas Braga, Braga, Portugal,   Blueclinical, Matosinhos, Portugal, Polónia Jorge ,   Department of Medicine, CINTESIS, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,   Blood Pressure Unit, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Cerebral small vessel disease is a chronic, progressive disorder of arterioles, capillaries, and small veins supplying the brain’s white matter and deep structures of gray matter. The latest evidence seems to suggest that chronic oral infections such as periodontitis contribute to cerebral small vessel disease progression. This study evaluated the relationship between periodontal disease and brain white matter hyperintensities. Methods: Forty-three hypertensive patients, aged between 38-82, without previous cardiovascular events, of which 42% were female and 50% diabetic, were evaluated. An association between mean probing depth, mean attachment level, bleeding on probing, total periodontal inflamed surface area, and white matter hyperintensities diagnosed by magnetic resonance was studied. A significance level (α) of 0.05 was considered, and Pearson’s chi-square and Mann–Whitney tests were applied. Results: Data analysis revealed an inverse correlation between mean probing depth, bleeding on probing, total periodontal inflamed surface area, and white matter hyperintensities. A positive correlation was found between mean attachment level and white matter hyperintensities. Conclusions: In our study and within our sample, lower values of mean probing depth, bleeding on probing, and total periodontal inflamed surface area were associated with more white matter hyperintensities. Contrarily, mean attachment level was positively associated with white matter hyperintensities.
Cardiac abnormalities in children with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Günal Nazlihan , Kara Nazli , Akkök Nermin , Cakar Nilgün , Kahramanyol Oz , Akalin Nursel
Published: April 2024

Children and adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n = 14) with no cardiac symptoms were examined for cardiac involvement by physical examination, electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography. The indexes of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function were compared with the findings of 20 healthy, age-matched control subjects. Echocardiographic examination revealed mild tricuspid valve regurgitation in three, and moderate tricuspid and mitral valve regurgitation in two patients. Pericardial thickening was found in one patient. Indexes of LV systolic and diastolic function of SLE patients differed significantly from control subjects, with marked reduced ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) as well as reduced peak early diastolic filling velocity (E) and ratio of early-to-late diastolic filling velocity (E/A). Deceleration time (DT) was longer in the patients than in the control group. Late filling velocity (A) and isovolumic relaxation time (IRT) did not differ between the two groups. Valvular and pericardial involvement was found to be lower than previous reports. We conclude that asymptomatic diastolic and systolic dysfunction is common in children with SLE, most likely representing myocardial involvement. Routine cardiac evaluation by echocardiography can be recommended in the follow-up of children with SLE in order to detect silent cardiac abnormalities.
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and anesthetic management
Authors: Başgül Elif , Celiker Varol , Gözaçan Ahmet
Published: April 2024

Sleep-related breathing disorders require special attention in children who spend a considerable time sleeping. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is characterized by episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep. Symptoms include hyperactivity, enuresis, headache, failure to thrive, and increased respiratory effort and total sleep time. The most common cause is adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Coexisting diseases are obesity, neuromuscular and craniofacial anomalies, and Down's syndrome. Early diagnosis is important to minimize neurocognitive, cardiac and developmental complications. Polysomnography is the gold standard for diagnosis. Although the features of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are distinctly different from that in adults, it may predispose to the adult type of the syndrome. As therapy concerns several surgical approaches as well as conservative techniques, anesthetic management calls for particular attention. Pre- and postoperative sedation must be performed cautiously and patients must be watched closely with respect to airway obstruction and hypoventilation. Difficult intubation must always be considered.
A rare cause of respiratory distress in infants: tracheal compression due to anomalous course of innominate artery
Authors: Yalçinbaş Yusuf Kenan , Erek Ersin , Salihoğlu Ece , Sarioğlu Ayşe , Sarioğlu Tayyar
Published: April 2024

Incomplete vascular ring is a rare congenital vascular anomaly causing tracheal compression. A case of anomalous innominate artery causing tracheal compression and low grade tracheomalacia with remarkable dyspnea and intermittent apnea in a five-month-old infant is reported. Chest X-ray revealed enlarged upper mediastinum. Patent foramen ovale and thymus hyperplasia were detected on echocardiographic examination. Angiography demonstrated left aortic arch with normal arterial branching pattern. Thorax computerized tomography (CT) revealed tracheal compression of more than 50% at innominate artery level and aberrant position of the hyperplastic thymus. Operation was planned for subtotal thymectomy and relocation of innominate artery in order to relieve tracheal obstruction. Postoperative thorax CT demonstrated satisfactory relief of tracheal compression. Patient was discharged from hospital on sixth postoperative day in good condition. On clinical follow-up he is completely asymptomatic without any signs of dyspnea or intermittent reflex apnea. In severely symptomatic cases, surgical treatment offers excellent results.
Primary immune thrombocytopenia with palpable purpura: a case report
Authors: Marques Marcela , Gama Alexia , Dantas Hellen , Câmara Filipe , Lima Tereza , Erlich Maryana
Published: April 2024

Immune thrombocytopenia is a relatively common bleeding disorder characterized by isolated destruction of platelets by autoantibodies, with a typically acute onset, benign course and self-limiting in most cases. The aim of this report is to present a rare case of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) with palpable purpura, an uncommon manifestation in this disease and little described in the literature. This is a 12-year-old female adolescent who presented with palpable purpura, ecchymosis and oral cavity bleeding associated with thrombocytopenia and anemia. Initial investigation excluded autoimmune diseases, vasculitis, lymphoproliferative diseases and coagulation disorders, in addition to the myelogram showing typical findings of ITP: hypercellular bone marrow with megakaryocytic hyperplasia and decreased thrombocytogenesis. Due to the diversity of clinical presentation and the possibility of atypical manifestations, the diagnosis is often challenging, as in the case of this patient in which the main finding on physical examination was the presence of palpable purpura.
Low-Speed Space Launch System Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Pomeroy Brent , Krist Steven , Wignall Thomas , Lee Michael , Deere Karen , Ghaffari Farhad
Published: April 2024

In this review paper, low-speed computational work from NASA Langley Research Center in support of the Space Launch System (SLS) is discussed. This information includes both historical and present efforts with the Kestrel computational fluid dynamics solver. The low-speed aerodynamics of SLS is highly complex, and the analysis of the unsteady flowfield requires significant computational efforts. The SLS mission profile varies from the vehicle static on the launch pad through high-speed ascent. This study focuses on the prelaunch as well as liftoff and transition portions of the flight both in proximity to the launch tower and in isolation. High-alpha conditions, as large as 90 deg, result in a flowfield dominated by massive, large-scale flow separation and asymmetric vortices. High-fidelity solutions require an unsteady computational formulation to accurately capture the aerodynamics of the vehicle. A detailed discussion of the computational approach is presented, followed by key efforts to support the program, both historic and present, including information that has been either published previously or that has never before been published external to NASA.