bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Evaluation of a Nine-Story Timber-Concrete Hybrid Building during construction
Authors: Larsson Carl , Abeljaber Osama , Dorn Michael
Published: January 2023

Timber-concrete hybrid buildings are an innovative solution to increase the amount of timber materials used in modern buildings. This study presents a dynamic evaluation of a nine-story timber-concrete hybrid residential building during construction. The building consists of a seven-story structure in cross-laminated timber (CLT) on top of two stories in concrete. Ambient vibration tests were conducted seven times during the 13-month construction period, including tests with only the structural elements in place and tests of the finished building with the façade, non-structural walls, and other internal finishing. The results show a clear decrease in the natural frequencies of the building as the building gets higher and more elements are installed. However, a slight increase in the natural frequency was observed following the installation of the non-structural walls in the final construction stage. A corresponding finite element analysis is presented for each test, providing additional insights into the parameters typically used in the structural design process. The study demonstrates the importance of properly selecting reduction factors for CLT elements in a dynamic finite element analysis. It also shows the importance of considering non-structural walls, both regarding weight and stiffness, even in buildings where the number of non-structural walls is relatively small compared to structural walls.
Anatomy of the tsunami and Lamb waves-induced ionospheric signatures generated by the 2022 Hunga Tonga volcanic eruption
Authors: Munaibari Edhah , Rolland Lucie , Sladen Anthony , Delouis Bertrand
Published: January 2023

As tsunamis propagate across open oceans, they remain largely unseen due to the lack of adequate sensors. To address this fundamental limitation of existing tsunami warnings, we investigate Global Navigation Satellites Systems (GNSS) data to monitor the ionosphere Total Electron Content (TEC) for Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs) created by tsunami-induced internal gravity waves (IGWs). The approach has been applied to regular tsunamis generated by earthquakes, while the case of undersea volcanic eruptions injecting energy into both the ocean and the atmosphere remains mostly unexplored. With both a regular tsunami and air-sea waves, the large 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption is a challenge. Here, we show that even in near-field regions (1000-1500km), despite the complex wavefield, we can isolate the regular tsunami signature. We also highlight that the eruption-generated Lamb wave induces an ionospheric disturbance with a similar waveform and an amplitude spatial pattern consistent with IGW origin but with a quasi-constant propagation speed (~ 315m/s). These results imply that when GNSS-TEC measurements are registered near an ocean bottom pressure sensor, they can help discriminating the regular tsunami from the initial air-sea waves appearing in the sensor observations.
The catE gene of Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 is essential for growth in Benzopyrene and its expression is regulated by the Csr system
Authors: Blancas Yamilet Morales , Terán José Daniel Reyna , Eligio José Alberto Hernández , Pineda Carlos Ortuño , Jiménez Jeiry Toribio , Barrera Miguel Ángel Rodríguez , Hernández Erubiel Toledo , Ramírez Yanet Romero
Published: January 2023

Benzopyrene is a high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with highly recalcitrant and develops carcinogenic effects. CsrA is a conserved regulatory protein, which controls the translation and stability of its target transcripts, having negative or positive effects depending on the target mRNAs. It is known that Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 has the ability to grow and survive in concentrations of hydrocarbons as benzopyrene, which prompted in part by CsrA, as it occurs in the presence of gasoline. However, there are a few studies that reveal the genes involved in that process. In order to know the involved genes in the Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 degradation pathway, the plasmid pCAT-sp containing a mutation in the catEgen was constructed and used to transform B. licheniformis M2-7 and generate the CAT1 strain. We determined the capacity of the mutant B. licheniformis(CAT1) to grow in the presence of glucose and benzopyrene as a carbon source. We observed that CAT1 strain presented an increase in growth in the presence of glucose, but a statistically considerable decrease in the presence of benzopyrene with respect to the wild strain M2-7. Also we demonstrated that the Csr system regulates its expression positively since it was observed that the expression of the gene in the mutant strain LYA12 (M2-7 csrA:: Sp, SpR) decreased considerably with respect to the wild strain. This allowed to characterize the metabolic pathway that Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 implements in the presence of benzopyrene.
An ocular Th1 immune response promotes corneal nerve damage independently of the development of corneal epitheliopathy
Authors: Vereertbrugghen Alexia , Pizzano Manuela , Sabbione Florencia , Keitelman Irene Angelica , Shiromizu Carolina Maiumi , Aguilar Douglas Vera , Fuentes Federico , de Paiva Cintia S , Giordano Mirta , Trevani Analía , Galletti Jeremías G
Published: January 2023

Proper sight is not possible without a smooth, transparent cornea, which is highly exposed to environmental threats. The abundant corneal nerves are interspersed with epithelial cells in the anterior corneal surface and are instrumental to corneal integrity and immunoregulation. Conversely, corneal neuropathy is commonly observed in some immune-mediated corneal disorders but not in others, and its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here we hypothesized that the type of adaptive immune response may influence the development of corneal neuropathy. To test this, we first immunized OT-II mice with different adjuvants that favor T helper (Th)1 or Th2 responses. Both Th1-skewed mice (measured by interferon-γproduction) and Th2-skewed (measured by interleukin-4 production) developed comparable ocular surface inflammation and conjunctival CD4+ T cell recruitment but no appreciable corneal epithelial changes upon repeated local antigenic challenge. Th1-skewed mice showed decreased corneal mechanical sensitivity and altered corneal nerve morphology (signs of corneal neuropathy) upon antigenic challenge. However, Th2-skewed mice also developed milder corneal neuropathy immediately after immunization and independently of ocular challenge, suggestive of adjuvant-induced neurotoxicity. All these findings were confirmed in wild-type mice. To circumvent unwanted neurotoxicity, CD4+ T cells from immunized mice were adoptively transferred to T cell-deficient mice. In this setup, only Th1-transferred mice developed corneal neuropathy upon antigenic challenge. To further delineate the contribution of each profile, CD4+ T cells were polarized in vitro to either Th1, Th2, or Th17 cells and transferred to T cell-deficient mice. Upon local antigenic challenge, all groups had commensurate conjunctival CD4+ T cell recruitment and macroscopic ocular inflammation. However, none of the groups developed corneal epithelial changes and only Th1-transferred mice showed signs of corneal neuropathy. Altogether the data show that corneal nerves, as opposed to corneal epithelial cells, are sensitive to immune-driven damage mediated by Th1 CD4+ T cells in the absence of other pathogenic factors. These findings have potential therapeutic implications for ocular surface disorders.
Tuberculosis Detection Using Chest X-Ray Image Classification by Deep Learning
Authors: Guia Sana Sahar , Laouid Abdelkader , Kara Mostefa , Hammoudeh Mohammad
Published: January 2023

Tuberculosis is a serious and widespread lung disease, not all patients are usually detected. After the availability of high-resolution chest x-rays, deep learning can now provide solutions for the successful detection of this malignant disease and other possible applications in the health sector. In this manuscript, a new deep learning model for Tuberculosis detection using chest x-ray image classification, employing a mixture of two popular pre-trained vgg16 and vgg19 utilizing the ImageNet dataset, and block attention module in order to obtain spatial data. We validate the presented method through experiments on four popular datasets. After evaluating the model on the test set, we achieve a score of 0.9992 for all metrics (accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score).
Pilot Implementation of Community Health Advocacy Teams to Improve the Effectiveness of Long-Lasting Insecticide Net Distribution through both Campaigns and Continuous Channels in Ghana: A Qualitative Study of Opportunities and Barriers to Implementation
Authors: Dako-Gyeke Phyllis , Hornuvo Ruby , Glozah Franklin N. , Asampong Emmanuel , Tabong Philip Teg-Nefaah , Nwameme Adanna , Chandi Gloria. M. , Peprah Nana Yaw , Gittelman David , Adongo Philip B.
Published: January 2023

Introduction

In Ghana, the National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) distributes Long-Lasting Insecticide Net (LLIN) to households for free through the periodic Point Mass Distribution (PMD) campaign and continuous distribution to populations most vulnerable to malaria. It is known that the existence of effective and functional community-based groups could influence positive behaviours regarding health interventions promoted through health campaigns. However, there is no evidence of functional community-based groups that aim to improve the effectiveness of LLIN Distribution Campaigns through transitioning into primary healthcare delivery. The aim of this study was to explore the opportunities and barriers to the pilot implementation of co-created community health advocacy teams (CHAT) to improve the effectiveness of LLIN distribution through both campaigns and continuous channels in Ghana.

Methods

A qualitative research approach was used among 43 CHAT members across six communities in the Eastern and Volta regions of Ghana. The CHAT constitutes significant community actors whose roles are centered on key elements of community/social mobilization and capacity building, all nested in social and behaviour change communication strategies. The CHATs were pilot implemented in all study communities for four months after which we identified opportunities and barriers during implementation. CHAT members participated in six Focus Group Discussions which were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically using the NVivo 13.

Results

CHATs were instrumental in sensitizing community members through social and behaviour change communication strategies. Also, there were changes in the behaviour of community members who were receptive towards, and participated in CHAT activities. Community members were accurately informed about malaria (e.g., causes, preventive measures). However, the CHAT experienced barriers during implementation, including lack of financial support to aid in transportation, organization of meetings, and outreach activities. Additionally, level of participation by CHAT members in activities, as well as medium of communication among members were key areas of concern.

Conclusion

The CHATs would be instrumental in promoting LLINs use during and after PMD campaigns through community outreaches. It is therefore necessary to provide resources to support their operations and good network to address communication barriers. Finally, continuous capacity strengthening of CHAT members by the NMCP is important.
Identifying the intermittent flow sub-regimes using pressure drop time series fluctuations
Authors: Arabi Abderraouf , salhi Yacine , Zenati Youcef , Si-Ahmed El-Khider , Legrand Jack
Published: January 2023

From a literature survey, it has been noticed a lack of objective methods to identify and distinct between the intermittent flow sub-regimes. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze pressure drop fluctuations using statistical methods in order to propose simple tools to characterize the sub-regimes of the intermittent flow. The pressure drop time series were collected from experiments carried out using air-water mixture and 30 mm ID pipe. The utilization of transparent pipes allowed to identify three sub-regimes which are Plug flow, Less Aerated Slug flow (LAS flow), and Highly Aerated Slug flow (HAS flow). It was found that the PDF displayed a unimodal distribution in all cases studied. Meanwhile, the representation of the base width and maximum values of PDF as function of the gas-to-liquid superficial velocities ratio and the mixture Froude number, respectively, showed that the points for each sub-regime are clustered in the same zone. So, these two feature spaces can be used to identify the sub-regimes. A third feature space, based on the statistical parameters standard deviation and kurtosis, was also proposed as a tool to distinguish between the three sub-regimes.
Ensuring accurate characteristics of the pipe-piston installation
Authors: Denysenko Y. O. , Pop G. M. , Sushko V. V. , Korniienko A. O. , Husar I.
Published: January 2023

The study aims to increase the efficiency of the use of the pipe-piston unit by ensuring the reliability of the measurement results based on the development of calibrating technique for the pipe-piston installation. Theoretical research is based on using the principles of system and process approaches. To solve the scientific problem, the fundamental provisions of statistical methods and experimental methods were used; methods of mathematical modeling of estimation of measurement uncertainties. Based on the results of the work, the normative document “Metrology. Installations of a standard pipe-piston. Calibration technique”. The approach to controlling metrological characteristics of the pipe-piston installation, based on estimating the uncertainty of measurements during its calibration, was further developed. Application of the proposed approach allows one to control the metrological characteristics directly on site without disrupting the working product’s accounting process and increasing the pipe-piston installation’s efficiency by an increase in the reliability of measurements and ensuring repeatability.
Subsolidus breakdown of armalcolite: Constraints on thermal effects during shock lithification of lunar regolith
Authors: Du Tian-Ran Trina , Zhang Ai-Cheng , Chen Jia-Ni , Wen Yuan-Yun
Published: January 2023

Shock lithification of regolith breccias is a ubiquitous process on the surfaces of airless planetary bodies and may induce thermal effects, including melting on regolith breccia minerals. However, potential thermal effects on lithic and mineral clasts in regolith breccias have seldom been quantitatively constrained. Here, we report two types of micro-textures of armalcolite [(Mg,Fe2+)Ti2O5] in an Mg-suite lithic clast from lunar regolith breccia meteorite Northwest Africa 8182. One type of armalcolite contains oriented fine-grained ilmenite grains; the other occurs as an aggregate of ilmenite, rutile, spinel, and loveringite. We propose that the two types of micro-textures formed through subsolidus breakdown of armalcolite by different processes. The formation of ilmenite inclusions in armalcolite is related to slow cooling after the solidification of its source rock, whereas the ilmenite-rutile-spinel-loveringite aggregates probably formed during the shock lithification event of NWA 8182. The results indicate that the temperature at the margin of lithic clasts could be raised up to at least 600 °C during strong shock lithification of lunar regolith and has profound thermal effects on the mineralogical and isotopic behaviors of lithic and mineral fragments in lunar regolith breccias.
Pengaruh Penerapan Program Kuis dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa MTs Tarakan
Authors: Mustamin Mustamin , Anhar Muhammad , Maharani Radika
Published: January 2023

The background of this research is the low learning outcomes of online students in the seventh grade Arabic subject at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Tarakan. One of the learning media that can improve online learning outcomes is the android quizziz learning media. The goal to be achieved is to determine the effect of the quizziz android game application in learning Arabic on learning outcomes for class VII MTs Negeri Tarakan students. This study uses a quantitative research approach and the type of research used is a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group design. The research sample used was class VII C as the experimental class and class VII D as the control class. Research data obtained from the results of pretest and posttest with multiple choice questions to measure student learning outcomes. Analysis of research data using T-test with the formula Independence Sample T-Test. The results showed that there was a significant influence on the use of quizziz android application media on learning outcomes for seventh grade students at MTs Negeri Tarakan. This is in accordance with the results of hypothesis testing, the significance value (Sig.2-tailed) is 0.018 <0.05, thus Ha is declared accepted and Ho is declared rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the quizziz android application learning media on the learning outcomes of class VII students at MTs Negeri Tarakan.
An examination of activism and ‘political listening’ during the year of student protest at the University of Cape Town from 9 March 2015 to 9 March 2016
Authors:   , Mufamadi Azwihangwisi Eugene
Published: January 2023

This study sets out to examine democratic participation in South Africa and the role that ‘political listening’ could play in making participation more equitable. It considers protest action on a South African university campus, which at times not only resulted in significant and swift concessions from the university leadership but also sparked national political action which got an equally swift response from the South African government. It considers the social movement, the RhodesMustFall movement (RMF), as one way in which students can organise themselves to get a better hearing from the University of Cape Town (UCT) management in their attempt to make a meaningful contribution to the university’s micro democracy. This study examines whether the interaction between the UCT management and RMF could be considered ‘political listening’, and the possible role of the Cape Times newspaper within this context of participation. Using data gathered through interviews, written communications, observation and newspaper articles, the study shows that in all of the interactions between RMF and the UCT management, both groups were seldom willing to forego their power to engage in genuine listening. Instead, the two parties guessed at what power the other party might have and acted to reduce that power. It is in this context of guessing at and figuring what power the other party has that listening occurs. Furthermore, the study shows that during the RMF protest, the UCT management viewed their responsibility for the institution mainly through the lens of Private Property Law which framed protest as something to be dealt with by restoring law and order. The study also details the role of the Cape Times newspaper in the interactions between RMF and the UCT management and considers if this role could be political listening. The study is exploratory and demonstrates how political listening could work more optimally in real-life instances.
MULTIMODAL STRUCTURE OF AN ONLINE LECTURE IN GERMAN STUDIES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Suponitskaya Natalia S.
Published: January 2023

This article focuses on the multimodal structure of the online lecture in German Studies. In a pandemic context, the field of teaching at German universities has responded very quickly to the changes that have taken place in the way of communication. Although the academic lecture is a largely established form of scholarly interaction between professor and students, in distance learning it is being replaced by the online lecture. The various communicative elements (text and images in the presentation, as well as facial expressions and gestures accompanying the teacher’s speech) combine with each other to create a complex and multidimensional form of multimodality. The analysis in this article is based on the classification of online lectures and the model of this multimodal text in scientific Internet communication. The 25 German-language online lectures in linguistics and literary studies posted between 2020 and 2022 on the YouTube platform as well as on the websites of five German universities (e. g. lecture2go.uni-hamburg.de) were selected as research material. The choice of these lectures was caused by their availability on the Internet and their general topic (German Studies lectures). Discourse analysis as well as the method of systematization and classification were used to study the empirical material. Based on lecture transcripts, nonverbal characteristics and audiovisual components three main types of online lectures were identified: two-modal lectures with a predominance of audio and verbal communication channels, the most common three-modal online lectures, in which three main modes of information transmission interact at once: verbal, nonverbal and prosodic. The most complex combination of multimodal means is reflected in the last group of crossmodal lectures, where the lecturer simultaneously duplicates several communication channels in different ways to communicate more effectively with the student audience. To sum up, the analysis allowed us to answer the question, what is the peculiarity of multimodal structure in online lectures and what discursive-communicative strategies are used by German-speaking lecturers for constructing lecture discourse in the humanities field of study.
MEDIA IMAGES OF DEPRESSION: TRANSFER OF KNOWLEDGE, INTERACTION, SELF-EXPERSSION
Authors:   Institut für Germanistik, Universität Innsbruck, Iakushevich Marina
Published: January 2023

Depression is a common illness worldwide. According to the data of WHO, approximately 280 million people have depression. As a consequence, the illness is present in the media discourse in Germany for years. This paper discusses the strategies different media use to create a specific image of this mental disorder: German mass media, the so called quality media (Der Spiegel) as well as social media (Instagram*). The focus of the analysis is the use of different semiotic codes such as written language, static pictures, and typography in order to create a multimodal image of depression. Methodically, the paper is based on Linguistic Discourse Analysis as it is used in the German Linguistics, whereas the term Discourse is used according to Foucault’s concept. Some aspects of the DIMEAN model by [Spitzmüller, Warnke 2011], for example concerning the metaphor in discourse will be critically discussed. The textual analysis seeks to explore how the individual experiences of people with depression are presented in language and picture. Moreover, the transfer of knowledge in the mass media discourse well be treated. For this reason, the terms expert knowledge and lay knowledge will be reflected. In the context of Social Media, especially on Instagram*, the interaction between the users is in focus of discussion, as well as the use of colours for the strategies of self-expression. Both are relevant for the creation of the specific media image of depression.
Peri-urban schools of Kinshasa before and during COVID-19: an evaluation of water, handwashing facilities, and girl students’ hand hygiene practices
Authors: Mukiese Nlunda Jean-Marie , Ndungidi Matumona Tatiana , Konde Nkiama Numbi Joël , Yamba Yamba Kapenga Marc , Kiyombo Mbela Guillaume
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has led communities, including Kinshasa peri-urban schools, to reinforce WASH-related practices as a key component in preventing the spread of COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the institutional and behavioural changes in adolescent girl students’ handwashing practices before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was performed, observing the hand hygiene of adolescent girl students, and assessing WASH facilities at schools, chosen from a sample previously selected in the study area. The results indicate significant increases in the prevalence of water points in schools from 10.9 to 22.5%, of handwashing facilities from 43 to 60.1% of schools with an average number of handwashing facilities from one to two, and the prevalence of school WASH brigades from 4.8 to 11.8% of schools. There was also a significant increase in schools receiving funds, and other support for WASH, respectively, from 24.9 to 70.3%, and from 17 to 45.9%, while the proportion of adolescent girl students washing their hands after using the toilet and before eating significantly increased from 6 to 28.4%. However, to improve the current WASH picture, and succeed in curtailing the spread of COVID-19 and related impacts, additional efforts to enhance handwashing practice and WASH items’ coverage are expected.
Microplastics in wastewater treatment plants: Sources, properties, removal efficiency, removal mechanisms, and interactions with pollutants
Authors: Acarer Seren
Published: January 2023

Since wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) cannot completely remove microplastics (MPs) from wastewater, WWTPs are responsible for the release of millions of MPs into the environment even in 1 day. Therefore, knowing the sources, properties, removal efficiencies and removal mechanisms of MPs in WWTPs is of great importance for the management of MPs. In this paper, firstly the sources of MPs in WWTPs and the quantities and properties (polymer type, shape, size, and color) of MPs in influents, effluents, and sludges of WWTPs are presented. Following this, the MP removal efficiency of different treatment units (primary settling, flotation, biological treatment, secondary settling, filtration-based treatment technologies, and coagulation) in WWTPs is discussed. In the next section, details about MP removal mechanisms in critical treatment units (settling and flotation tanks, bioreactors, sand filters, membrane filters, and coagulation units) in WWTPs are given. In the last section, the mechanisms and factors that are effective in adsorbing organic–inorganic pollutants in wastewater to MPs are presented. Finally, the current situation and research gap in these areas are identified and suggestions are provided for topics that need further research in the future.
Fluid Pressure Dynamics in a Hydraulic Fracture during Transient-Well-Operation Modes
Authors:   Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics UFRC RAS, Ufa, Russia, Shagapov V.Sh. , Bashmakov R.A. , Fokeeva N.O. , Shammatova A.A. ,   Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia,   LLC ”RN-BashNIPIneft“, Ufa, Russia,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia
Published: January 2023

At present, hydraulic fracturing is one of the most effective methods for intensifying hydrocarbon production. The paper describes the transient-well-operation modes of the well, establishes a connection between the changing fluid flow in the well and the pressure in the fracture and reservoir. With this purpose, a solution is found to the integro-differential equation that describes the change in pressure in the hydraulic fracture with a known change in pressure in the well or at a given flow rate. Based on the bottomhole pressure change data for a short-term pump operation that maintains a constant flow rate and subsequent pump shutdown (Π-shaped flow rate change), it is convenient to determine the characteristics of a hydraulic fracture using the formulae proposed in the paper. The results of the work can be used in hydrodynamic studies of wells.
rastros do discurso
Authors: Lira Aliandra Cristina Mesomo , Lara Angela Mara de Barros
Published: January 2023

O artigo discute dados de investigação que teve, entre seus objetivos, problematizar a ampliação da obrigatoriedade do ensino para a pré-escola, colocando em discussão os sentidos e a racionalidade que sustentam tal encaminhamento. O percurso teórico-metodológico inclui análise documental de materiais produzidos e veiculados a partir da década de 1990 pela Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura – UNESCO. Ao atentar aos fundamentos que sustentam a legislação brasileira, também foi possível, a partir de estudos já publicados, reconhecer as implicações e desafios decorrentes da implementação da obrigatoriedade do ensino para parte da Educação Infantil, que impactam tanto as instituições como os profissionais, as crianças e suas famílias. Em especial, observamos a prevalência da ideia de criança como futuro e de uma pré-escola preparatória aos anos posteriores da escolarização, este último aspecto foco central dessa reflexão.
Interlocuções entre análise qualitativa de conteúdo e software de dados webQDA na pesquisa em educação
Authors: Cruz Denise Santos da , Rocha-Veiga Adriana Moreira da , Caetano Luis Miguel Dias
Published: January 2023

O artigo apresenta recorte teórico-metodológico de pesquisa qualitativa em educação, do tipo descritivo-interpretativa, e as possíveis interlocuções entre a Análise Qualitativa de Conteúdo e o Software de Análise Qualitativa de Dados webQDA. Foram analisados os memoriais e os relatos de pedagogos atuantes em escolas públicas de Educação Infantil e dos Anos Iniciais de Ensino Fundamental, a partir da perspectiva Freireana, da experiência de si em Jorge Larrosa e da (auto)formação em Marie-Christine Josso. Apresenta-se as conceituações da Análise de Conteúdo (BARDIN, 2016) e do Software de Análise Qualitativa de Dados webQDA, bem como os pontos de aproximação entre os dois métodos de análise qualitativa de dados. Ao final, descreve-se como a aplicação destes métodos contribuíram para o trabalho dos pesquisadores, estimulando outros pares, para que a pesquisa em educação possa avançar no sentido do uso das tecnologias de análise qualitativa de informações para facilitar a construção do corpus de pesquisa.
Políticas públicas curriculares na formação do professor
Authors: Sartori Thiago Luiz , Pereira Bruno Gomes
Published: January 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar possíveis contribuições das políticas curriculares a respeito das questões de gênero e diversidade sexual no desenho curricular da Licenciatura em Ciências Humanas ofertada por uma instituição de ensino superior federal, localizada na região metropolitana do estado de São Paulo. A fundamentação teórica está alojada no campo interdisciplinar da formação inicial de professores, aqui denominados como alunos-mestres, com interface entre as teorias do currículo e a análise do discurso francesa. A metodologia de pesquisa caracteriza-se como documental de abordagem qualitativa, partindo do princípio de que analisamos a Proposta Pedagógica Curricular (PPC) da referida licenciatura. As análises revelaram que os componentes curriculares que contemplam questões de gênero e diversidade em seu bojo ainda se encontram bastante embrionários, o que caracteriza uma política curricular em transição. Considera-se que esse seja um forte resquício de um currículo heteroformativo e fortemente tradicional, algo bastante latente nas políticas públicas brasileiras.
Aproximações Teórico-Metodológicas entre a perspectiva sociocultural dos letramentos e a teoria Histórico-Cultural
Authors: Grimes Camila , Vicentini Mariana Aparecida , Schroeder Edson , Fischer Adriana
Published: January 2023

Aproximações entre a perspectiva sociocultural dos letramentos e a Teoria Histórico-Cultural podem contribuir para a pesquisa em Educação, com enfoque na linguagem, que, frequentemente, não aborda a complexidade teórico-metodológica dos Estudos Histórico-Culturais. Nosso objetivo é identificar aproximações entre tais teorias, explicitando possíveis contribuições que estas podem trazer para enfoques teórico-metodológicos. As regularidades são aspectos relacionados ao texto e ao contexto, relações entre o sujeito e o mundo; constituição como sujeito e desenvolvimento humano; construção de sentidos e construção do conhecimento. As discussões, essencialmente teóricas, recaem sobre a microgênese, aproximando a etnografia como teorização profunda e a análise microgenética. As contribuições emergem como indicadores de análise abrangentes, que podem nortear procedimentos na pesquisa em Educação, permitindo olhares mais aprofundados sobre processos de subjetivação: a) o grau de abstração e as relações de generalidade; b) a participação orientada; c) os artefatos culturais e a ação mediada; e d) os processos de significação.
implementação do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar no sistema público de ensino do Estado do Maranhão
Authors: Silva Gardenia Salazar Rodrigues da , Gonçalves Lígia do Socorro Souza , Albuquerque Severino Vilar de
Published: January 2023

O presente estudo analisa a implementação do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) no Maranhão, enquanto política de alimentação escolar financiada pelo Fundo Nacional de Desenvolvimento da Educação (FNDE). O PNAE constitui-se como um dos principais programas do FNDE, tendo como objetivo oferecer alimentação escolar e ações de educação alimentar e nutricional a estudantes de todas as etapas da educação básica do país. Com suporte teórico-conceitual de (BEZERRA, 2003; KIRCH; COPATTI, 2013; FONSECA, 1998), entre outros, o estudo analisou documentos oficiais pertinentes ao programa, coletados por buscas nos portais do FNDE e do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), bem como da Secretaria de Estado da Educação do Maranhão (SEDUC/MA). Como resultado, o estudo evidenciou a significativa contribuição das ações implementadas pelo governo do estado no Maranhão na efetivação dos objetivos instituídos no PNAE.
Temperature-Dependent Affinity Changes in Substrate Binding Affect the
Cleavage Activity of BthC2c1
Authors: Wu Dan , Liu Jieting , Liu Yong , Qiu Yufei , Cao Zhiqin , Pan Yu , Shi Jiayi , Yuan Xiaohuan
Published: January 2023

Background:

The CRISPR-Cas system is an adaptive immune mechanism for bacteria and
archaea to resist foreign invasion. Currently, Cas9 and Cpf1 have been widely studied and applied in
gene editing. C2c1 is a newly discovered CRISPR-Cas system endonuclease. It has broad application
prospects due to its small molecular weight and high substrate recognition specificity.

Objectives:

Bacillus thermoamylovorans C2c1(BthC2c1) was expressed in E. coli C43 (DE3)
competent cells, purified, and the BthC2c1-sgRNA-dsDNA complex was assembled. The effect of
temperature on the cleavage ability of the BthC2c1 system was investigated.

Methods:

The cDNA of BthC2c1 was cloned into the vector pGEX-6P-1. BthC2c1 was expressed in E. coli C43(DE3) cells and purified using a GST affinity column and FPLC. The sgRNAs were transcribed and purified in vitro, and the complexes were assembled by gel filtration chromatography. The enzyme cleavage activity of BthC2c1 at different temperatures was investigated using an in vitro cleavage assay. Microscale Thermophoresis detected the affinity of the BthC2c1-sgRNA complexes to substrate DNA.

Method:

The cDNA of BthC2c1 was cloned into the vector pGEX-6P-1. BthC2c1 was expressed in
E. coli C43(DE3) cells and purified using a GST affinity column and FPLC. The sgRNAs were
transcribed and purified in vitro, and the complexes were assembled by gel filtration chromatography.
The enzyme cleavage activity of BthC2c1 at different temperatures was investigated using an in vitro
cleavage assay. Microscale Thermophoresis detected the affinity of the BthC2c1-sgRNA complexes
to substrate DNA.

Results:

BthC2c1 proteins were prokaryotically expressed and purified. The complex of BthC2c1
with sgRNA and dsDNA was assembled. In vitro cleavage assay results showed that BthC2c1
cleaved the target DNA at temperatures ranging from 37°C to 67°C. The cleavage ability of BthC2c1
at 42oC was stronger than that at 37oC. The results of affinity detection showed that the affinity
between the BthC2c1-sgRNA complex and ds36/36 at 42oC was stronger than that at 37oC.

Conclusion:

In this study, BthC2c1 was expressed, purified, and assembled into a complex with
sgRNA and dsDNA. BthC2c1 cleaved DNA within the temperature range of 37oC to 67oC. The
affinity of BthC2c1-sgRNA to DNA at 42°C was significantly enhanced than that at 37°C. It may be
related to its stringent substrate recognition pattern, which differs from Cas9 and Cpf1. The
temperature-dependent affinity changes of substrate binding may be part of the reason for the stronger
cleavage activity of BthC2c1 at 42oC. This study may provide an experimental basis for optimizing
and modifying the C2c1 gene editing system.
Perspectives on Agmatine Neurotransmission in Acute and Chronic Stressrelated
Conditions
Authors: Hassanshahi Amin , Soti Monavareh , Ranjbar Hoda , Razavinasab Moazamehosadat , Pirmoradi Zeynab , Kohlmeier Kristi Anne , Janahmadi Mahyar , Shabani Mohammad
Published: January 2023

Adaptive responses to stressful stimuli in the environment are believed to restore homeostasis
after stressful events. Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis,
which releases glucocorticoids (GCs) into the bloodstream. Recently, agmatine, an endogenous
monoamine was discovered to have the potential as a pharmacotherapy for stress. Agmatine is released
in response to certain stress conditions, especially those involving GCs, and participates in
establishing homeostasis disturbed by stress following GC activation. The therapeutic potential of
agmatine for the management of psychological diseases involving stress and depression is promising
based on a significant amount of literature. When exogenously applied, agmatine leads to reductions
in levels of GCs and counteracts stress-related morphologic, synaptic, and molecular changes.
However, the exact mechanism of action by which agmatine modifies the effects resulting from
stress hormone secretion is not fully understood. This review aims to present the most possible
mechanisms by which agmatine reduces the harmful effects of chronic and acute stress. Several
studies suggest chronic stress exposure and repeated corticosteroid treatment lower agmatine levels,
contributing to stress-related symptoms. Agmatine acts as an antistress agent by activating mTOR
signaling, inhibiting NMDA receptors, suppressing iNOS, and maintaining bodyweight by activating
α-2adrenergic receptors. Exogenous administration that restores agmatine levels may provide
protection against stress-induced changes by reducing GCs release, stimulating anti-inflammatory
processes, and releasing neuroprotective factors, which are not found in all therapies currently being
used to treat stress-related disorders. The administration of exogenous agmatine should also be considered
a therapeutic element that is capable of triggering a neural protective response that counters
the effects of chronic stress. When combined with existing treatment strategies, this may have synergistic
beneficial effects.
Probing into the Flap-dimer Dynamics of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Kasa Enzyme Binding Landscape Provides the Underlying Inhibitory Mechanisms of JSF-3285 and 5G
Authors: Adewumi Adeniyi T. , Oluyemi Wande M. , Adewumi Nonhlanhla , Adekunle Yemi A. , Alahmdi Mohamed Issa , Abo-Dya Nader E. , Soliman Mahmoud E.S.
Published: January 2023

Background:

β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase I (KasA I) enzyme is crucial in mycolic acid synthesis via catalytic condensation reactions, hence implicated in M. tuberculosis’s virulence and drug resistance. Presently, there is no known potent KasA inhibitor; thiolactomycin lacks potency. Recently reported indazole compounds JSF-3285/tr1DG167 and 5G/tr2DG167 inhibit the KasA through binding to the substrate cavity. However, the molecular mechanism is still unclear, and the unknown resistance mechanisms raise concerns about JSF-3285's novelty.

Methods:

This study is the first to report the flap dimer opening and closing of the KasA pocket us-ing combined metrics to define the symmetry impact of the flap-dimer motions and investigate the underlying inhibitory mechanism of tr1DG167 and tr2DG167 using all-atom MD simulation.

Results:

The distance/d1 between the flap (PRO147) and dimer (LEU205) residues; TriC-α angle (θ1: PRO147-VAL83-LEU205 & θ2: PRO147-GLU199-LEU205); and the dihedral angle (ϕ) were applied to investigate the flap “twisting” and dimer shift closing due to concerted motion by adja-cent glycine-rich and glutamic acid-rich loops around the active site during the binding pocket’s opening. The full flap-dimer of the unbound opens at 230 ns (d1 = 21.51 Å), corresponding to the largest TriC-α angle θ1 44.5° as θ2 is unreliable to describe the flap-dimer motion. The overall av-erages θ1 and θ2 for the bounds were ~23.13° and ~23.31°, respectively. Thus, the degree of KasA flap dimer opening is best investigated by distance and θ1. BFE (Kcal/mol) of -44.05 (tr1DG167) showed a higher affinity for the pocket than tr2DG167-KasA (-32.16). Both tr1DG167 and tr2DG167 formed hydrophobic interactions with LEU116, GLY117, ALA119, and tr1DG167 formed strong H-bonds with GLU199. The average RMSD of 2.80 Å (Apo) and RoG of 20.97 Å showed that KasA is less stable and less tightly packed without the inhibitors.

Conclusion:

These findings provide a background for a new structure-based design of novel KasA inhibitors.
Efficient Preparation of Chloroquine Enantiomers via Crystallization Resolution and Palladium-Catalysed Coupling
Authors: Huang Shaohua , Sun Shanshan , Sha Xuming , Han Bowen , Guo Dandan
Published: January 2023

Chloroquine (CQ) was found to exhibit antiviral activity against novel coronaviruses, which makes the preparation of CQ enantiomers particularly important. In this work, we developed an efficient method for the preparation of CQ enantiomers by crystallization resolution and palladium-catalyzed coupling. The obtained chiral CQ had been fully assigned by 1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C HSQC, and 1H-13C HMBC spectra. Moreover, the enantiomeric excess value of CQ was rapidly detected by binaphthol phosphate as a chiral NMR shift reagent.
Estimating Methods of the Undetected Infections in the COVID-19
Outbreak: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mehraeen Esmaeil , Pashaei Zahra , Akhtaran Fatemeh Khajeh , Dashti Mohsen , Afzalian Arian , Ghasemzadeh Afsaneh , Asili Pooria , Kahrizi Mohammad Saeed , Mirahmad Maryam , Rahimi Ensiyeh , Matini Parisa , Afsahi Amir Masoud , Dadras Omid , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad
Published: January 2023

Introduction:

The accurate number of COVID-19 cases is essential knowledge to control an
epidemic. Currently, one of the most important obstacles in estimating the exact number of COVID-19
patients is the absence of typical clinical symptoms in a large number of people, called asymptomatic
infections. In this systematic review, we included and evaluated the studies mainly focusing on the
prediction of undetected COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates as well as the reproduction numbers,
utilizing various mathematical models.

Methods:

This systematic review aims to investigate the estimating methods of undetected infections
in the COVID-19 outbreak. Databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and Embase,
were searched for a combination of keywords. Applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, all retrieved
English literature by April 7, 2022, were reviewed for data extraction through a two-step screening
process; first, titles/abstracts, and then full-text. This study is consistent with the PRISMA checklist.

Results:

In this study, 61 documents were retrieved using a systematic search strategy. After an initial
review of retrieved articles, 6 articles were excluded and the remaining 55 articles met the inclusion
criteria and were included in the final review. Most of the studies used mathematical models to estimate
the number of underreported asymptomatic infected cases, assessing incidence and prevalence
rates more precisely. The spread of COVID-19 has been investigated using various mathematical models.
The output statistics were compared with official statistics obtained from different countries. Although
the number of reported patients was lower than the estimated numbers, it appeared that the
mathematical calculations could be a useful measure to predict pandemics and proper planning.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, our study demonstrates the effectiveness of mathematical models in unraveling
the true burden of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of more precise, and accurate infection and
mortality rates, and reproduction numbers, thus, statistical mathematical modeling could be an effective
tool for measuring the detrimental global burden of pandemic infections. Additionally, they could
be a really useful method for future pandemics and would assist the healthcare and public health systems
with more accurate and valid information.
Literatura de viagens e salvação do mundo: derivas reflexivas a partir de um desafio
Authors: Outeirinho Fátima
Published: January 2023

This article aims to focus on a textual object of enormous plasticity that is characterized by particular attention to the world, almost always exploring a close relationship with a contemporary and everyday time, being able to shelter a social, political and ethical reflection and triggering relational dynamics (world transformers?) through a possible action on the reader
Arqueografia nuclear
Authors: Neves Mathilde Ferreira
Published: January 2023

Autobiographical exercise based on the short film Les Mains négatives, by Marguerite Duras. A reflection on the potential of art as a call and an intervening testimony in a possible salvation
Evaluación de respuesta sísmica usando la teoría de vibraciones aleatorias en tres perfiles de suelo de Lima, Perú
Authors: Pastor Oliveros Brandon Omar , Calderón Cahuana Diana Lucía , Gonzales Trujillo Carlos Eduardo
Published: January 2023

Seismic response analyses are performed using a minimum number of seismic records as input motions in order to achieve a statistically strong estimation. Unfortunately, the available information recorded from the current seismic networks is still scarce regarding events with considerable magnitude. In this context, the Random Vibration Theory (RVT) arises as an alternative tool for performing site response analyses without the need of seismic records, since it only requires adequate probabilistic seismic hazard assessment.

In this study, RVT was applied to three shear-wave velocity profiles in Lima city with distinct geomorphological origin. These profiles are characteristic for gravelly, sandy and fine deposits so the influence of each soil type in their corresponding transfer function was taken into account. In that sense, the three RVT-based normalized response spectra show good agreement with the design spectra specified in the Peruvian code, despite some amplification in the short (below 0.10 s) and long (above 0.80 s) period ranges related to noise or far-field effects. Furthermore, RVT-based response spectra for La Punta and Villa el Salvador show good agreement with the time-series based analyses from a previous study.

In addition, spectral acceleration values surpass those specified in the Peruvian code for a range beyond the corner period. This could suggest that the soil profile characterization based on the time-averaged shear wave velocity from the upper 30 m might be insufficient to evaluate the overall seismic behavior of a soil deposit. Therefore, additional parameters that account for the deeper soil substructure might be required.