bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolusi Konsep Manusia dalam Tasawur Barat
Authors: Othman Mohd. Yusof , Rahim Faszly , Wan Abdullah Wan Nasyrudin , Zulkarnain Aulia Rahman
Published: July 2020

Worldview is a mental concept on how we understand and view the world. It shapes our views on the concept of human and its nature. The concept of man in Islam has never been changed despite being embraced by millions of people from different races and countries. This is because Muslim has the same worldview which give a clear concept of man. Thus Muslim has a consensus regarding this issue and remains constant throughout the times. This is in contrast to the Western that has through several changes in their views on man according to the evolution of western worldview. Generally, their view of man evolved from the ancient Greek creation's myth to Christian views, and ultimately to the naturalistic worldview. This article discusses the relationship between the evolution of the worldview and the view and perspective to the concept of man.

Abstrak: Tasawur mempengaruhi pandangan manusia terhadap persoalan hakikat dan kejadian manusia. Pandangan Islam terhadap persoalan ini tidak pernah berubah walaupun dianuti oleh pelbagai bangsa dan budaya disebabkan sumber wahyu menjadi kerangka asas kepada tasawur Islam. Quran dan sunnah telah memberikan garis panduan yang jelas mengenai hakikat manusia dan juga kejadian manusia diciptakan. Oleh demikian pendapat muslim mengenai isu ini kukuh dan tidak berubah sehingga ke zaman moden. Hal ini berbeza dengan tamadun Barat yang melalui perubahan pandangan terhadap isu ini disebabkan berlaku perubahan dan evolusi kepada tasawur mereka. Umumnya, pandangan masyarakat Barat terhadap hakikat dan kejadian manusia berevolusi daripada mitos penciptaan Yunani Kuno kepada penciptaan oleh Tuhan yang Esa sewaktu era Kristian dan akhirnya kepada tasawur naturalistik yang tidak menempatkan tuhan dalam kejadian manusia. Artikel ini cuba menjelaskan kaitan antara evolusi pemikiran dan tasawur masyarakat terhadap hakikat serta penciptaan manusia.
Pengetahuan Terhadap Bahasa Kebangsaan Sebagai Teras Pembinaan Peradaban Malaysia Dalam Kalangan Mahasiswa di Lembah Klang
Authors: Ab. Halim Adlina , Mohd Tohar Siti NorAzhani , Ku Samsu Ku Hasnita
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to discuss the level of knowledge towards national language among university students in the higher institution of education (public and private) namely, i) history, ii) policy and iii) the position of Malay language in the world. Therefore, a study was conducted at Universiti Malaya, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Multimedia University and UNISEL, Selangor. A total number of 460 respondents were involved through stratified random sampling. The data were collected using questionnaires and was analyzed descriptively. The findings show that majority of IPT students have high knowledge in all dimensions, namely the history, policy and the position Malay language globally. However, there are some items in the section of policy and position of Malay language that indicated low level of knowledge. Hence, knowledge towards national language policy and the position of Malay language in the world should be enhanced through mass media or in the process of teaching and learning. This is vital so that students can have better appreciation of the Article 152 in the Malaysian Constitution which focuses on Malay language as the national language, the foundation for unity and building Malaysian civilization.

Abstrak: Makalah ini bertujuan membincangkan tahap pengetahuan bahasa kebangsaan dalam kalangan mahasiswa di institusi pengajian tinggi (awam dan swasta) dari aspek i) sejarah, ii) dasar dan iii) kedudukan bahasa Melayu di dunia. Sehubungan itu, satu kajian telah dijalankan di Universiti Malaya, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Universiti Multimedia dan Unisel, Selangor. Seramai 460 orang responden diperoleh melalui kaedah pensampelan rawak berstrata. Data dikumpul menggunakan borang soal selidik dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan majoriti mahasiswa IPT mempunyai pengetahuan yang tinggi terhadap semua dimensi, iaitu sejarah, dasar dan kedudukan bahasa Melayu di dunia. Namun, terdapat beberapa item dalam dimensi dasar dan kedudukan bahasa Melayu yang menunjukkan pengetahuan yang rendah. Justeru, pengetahuan mengenai dasar bahasa kebangsaan dan kedudukan bahasa Melayu di dunia perlu dipertingkatkan melalui media massa atau dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran agar mahasiswa dapat lebih menghayati Perkara 152 Perlembagaan Malaysia mengenai bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa kebangsaan yang menjadi teras kepada perpaduan seterusnya tamadun Malaysia.
To E-Shopping or Not: Factors Influencing the Purchasing Process of Malaysian Generation Y.
Authors: Balwant Singh Ninderpal Singh , Rajendran Balaraman
Published: July 2020

The electronic shopping phenomena has created a new breed of shoppers where shop at their own phase. It is a known fact that the younger generation spends more hours online compared to the generation before them. The objective of this study is to investigate the selection of online store by Malaysian generation Y and to understand the kind of information listed on the online website that helps generation Y users in finalizing their purchasing process on online platforms. A qualitative method was used in this study in order to gather deeper and more affluent understanding among generation Y preference for online shopping. The limitation of this study is that it did not intend to use quantitative methods and focused on existing users of online shopping. Based on the construed verbatim, participants would select an online store based on the intended product and would scrutinise all details available before finalizing their purchase. Participants would scan for negative comments first such as the quality of the product, the accuracy of product information and shipment mainly the Last-Mile-Logistics (LML). This study will help in better understanding generation Y purchasing behaviour among Malaysians since Malaysian will be implementing 5G internet soon.
Study on Optimization of Wet Milling Process for the Development of Albendazole Containing Nanosuspension with Improved Dissolution
Authors: Fülöp Viktor , Jakab Géza , Tóth Bence , Balogh Emese , Antal István
Published: July 2020

The main objective of this work was to show the potential of the optimization of top-down wet planetary bead milling process parameters (milling speed, process time and size of the milling medium) by Design Of Experiments (DOE) approach for the development of albendazole (ABZ) containing nanosuspension with improved dissolution. In addition, the influence of process parameters (capacity of milling container, applied volume of milling beads, size of the milling medium, milling speed, milling time) on ABZ polymorphic transition has also been investigated. The optimized, milled formula yielded ~ 145.39 times reduction in mean particle size (182.200 ± 1.3130 nm) compared to unmilled dispersion, which demonstrated 13.50 times gain in mean dissolution rate value compared to the unmilled dispersion in medium at pH = 1.2. No lag time values were observed in the dissolution kinetics of the nanosuspension in comparison with the unmilled samples. Moreover, maximal mean solubility value was also improved by 1.45 times compared to the unmilled suspension, in medium at pH = 6.8, supporting the significance of the Ostwald-Freundlich equation. Diffraction pattern comparisons have indicated a polymorphic transition of albendazole to Form II, which was more pronounced in smaller container at high milling speed values and prolonged operations.
NILAI ESTETIK TARI SRIMPI PANDHELORI DI PURA MANGKUNEGARAN
Authors: Sriyadi S , Prabowo Wahyu Santoso
Published: July 2020

Penelitian Nilai Estetik Tari Srimpi Pandhelori di Pura Mangkunegaran bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan koreografi dan nilai estetik tari Srimpi Pandhelori. Analisis koreografi Srimpi Pandhelori menggunakan konsep koreografi Sumandiyo Hadi. Analisis nilai estetik menggunakan konsep nilai estetik menurut The Liang Gie, yang didukung dengan konsep ciri-ciri sifat benda estetik oleh Monroe Beardsley, dan konsep pengungkapan nilai-nilai kehidupan dalam karya seni oleh De Witt H. Paker. Penulisan skripsi ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, dengan pendekatan estetik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tari Srimpi Pandhelori memiliki nilai estetik karena dari sudut pandang inderawi memiliki nilai bentuk dan dari isi mampu mengungkapkan nilai-nilai kehidupan.Kata kunci: Srimpi Pandhelori, koreografi, nilai estetik.AbstractResearch Value Aesthetic Srimpi Pandhelori Dance in Pura Mangkunegaran aims to describe the choreography and aesthetic value of Srimpi Pandhelori dance. Srimpi Pandhelori choreography analysis uses Sumandiyo Hadiâ€™s choreography concept. Aesthetic value analysis uses the concept of aesthetic value according to The Liang Gie, supported by the concept of aesthetic properties by Monroe Beardsley, and the concept of life values in artwork by De Witt H. Paker. Writing this thesis using qualitative research methods, with an aesthetic approach. Data collection techniques used were observation, interview, and literature study. The results showed that the Srimpi Pandhelori dance has an aesthetic value because from the viewpoint of the senses have the value of the form and the content is able to express the values of life.Keywords: Srimpi Pandhelori, choreography, aesthetic value.
TINJAUAN GARAP GERAK TARI PENTHUL DI MELIKAN,TEMPURAN PARON KABUPATEN NGAWI
Authors: Andayani Sri Maryati , Pramutomo RM.
Published: July 2020

Tari Penthul Melikan merupakan kesenian tradisional kerakyatan di Dusun Melikan Desa Tempuran Kecamatan Paron Kabupaten Ngawi. Tari Penthul Melikan diciptakan oleh Bapak Munajah pada tahun 1952 di Dusun Melikan Desa Tempuran Kecamatan Paron Kabupaten Ngawi. Tarian ini diciptakan untuk menghibur masyarakat setelah selesai membangun sekolah di Dusun Melikan pada saat itu. Penelitian ini menggunakan landasan teori bentuk oleh Susanne K. Langer. Sedangkan teori garap oleh Rahayu Supanggah meliputi materi garap, penggarap, sarana garap, prabot atau piranti garap, penentu garap dan pertimbangan garap. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bentuk dan garap tari Penthul Melikan. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Hsil penelitian ini dapat diperoleh gambaran yang berkaitan dengan bentuk dan garap tari Penthul Melikan. Bentuk tari Penthul Melikan tidak terlepas dari elemen-elemen pembentuknya yang saling berkaitan seperti gerak tari, penari, tata busana, properti. Sementara itu garap tari meliputi materi garap, penggarap, sarana garap, prabot atau piranti garap, penentu garap dan pertimbangan garap.Kata kunci : tari Penthul Melikan, bentuk, garap gerak.AbstractThe Penthul Melikan dance is a traditional folk dance found in the Hamlet of Melikan in Tempuran Village, Paron District, in the Regency of Ngawi. The Penthul Melikan dance was created by Bapak Munajah in 1952 in the Hamlet of Melikan in Tempuran Village, Paron District, in the Regency of Ngawi. The dance was created to entertain the community after the construction of a new school was completed in the Hamlet of Melikan at that time. This research is based on Susanne K. Langerâ€™s theory of form and Rahayu Supanggahâ€™s theory of treatment (garap) which includes the material for garap, the person implementing the garap, the medium of garap, the tools or equipment of garap, the determinants of garap, and the considerations of garap. The goal of the research is to analyze the form and treatment of the Penthul Melikan dance. In this research, the writer uses a qualitative research method. The results of the research present a description of the form and treatment of the Penthul Melikan dance. The form of the Penthul Melikan dance is connected with the interrelated elements of its formation, including the dancersâ€™ movements, dancers, costumes, and properties. The treatment of the dance includes the material for garap, person implementing the garap, medium of garap, tools or equipment of garap, determinants of garap, and considerations of garap.Keywords: Penthul Melikan dance, form, treatment of movement.
INOVASI KESENIAN RAKYAT KUDA LUMPING DI DESA GANDU, KECAMATAN TEMBARAK, KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG
Authors: Rokhim Nur
Published: July 2020

Demam kesenian rakyat kolaborasi Leakan di Temanggung rupanya sudah tidak dapat dibendung lagi. Para seniman senior rata-rata menolak kehadiran kolaborasi tersebut, mereka merasa risih dengan pengembangan seni pertunjukan yang demikian. Akhirnya Dinas melarang pertunjukan kolaborasi Kuda Lumping dengan tari Leak, Pendet dan Barong Bali. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mengembalikan eksistensi pertunjukan Kuda Lumping seperti semula sebagai seni yang mempunyai ciri khas Temanggung. Kesenian Kuda Lumping Sri Budoyo berada pada situasi yang rumit, di tengah-tengah tuntutan selera masyarakat yang semakin beraneka ragam. Tekad masyarakat pendukung kesenian sudah bulat untuk menjaga dan melestarikan kesenian Kuda Lumping supaya tetap eksis dengan ciri khasnya. Berbagai permasalahan mitra sebagi akibat masuknya kesenian luar daerah yang mengusik eksistensi kesenian lokal sebagai ciri khas daerah, maka akan ditawarkan solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi. Inovasi adalah sebuah cara yang akan dilakukan sebagai solusinya. Inovasi yang dilakukan adalah pemberdayaan anak-anak sebagai generasi penerus kesenian Kuda Lumping di desa Gandu II, yang nantikan akan memegang kendali kesenian di desa tersebut. Anak-anak diberi pelatihan tari Geculan sebagai dasar kepenarian mereka, gerak-gerak yang disusun disesuaikan dengan usianya.Kata kunci: Inovasi, Kesenian rakyat, Kuda Lumping.Abstract The folk art fever of the Leakan collaboration in Temanggung apparently cannot be stopped anymore. The average senior artists reject the presence of the collaboration, they feel uncomfortable with the development of such performing arts. Finally the Office banned the performance of the Kuda Lumping collaboration with the Leak, Pendet and Barong Bali dances. This is intended to restore the existence of the Kuda Lumping performance as originally as an art that has a characteristic Temanggung. Sri Budoyoâ€™s Kuda Lumping Art is in a complicated situation, amidst the increasingly diverse demands of the peopleâ€™s tastes. The determination of the people supporting the arts has been unanimous to maintain and preserve the Kuda Lumping art in order to continue to exist with its trademark. Various partner problems as a result of the entry of arts outside the region that disturb the existence of local arts as a regional characteristic, will be offered a solution to overcome the problems faced. Innovation is a method that will be carried out as a solution. The innovation carried out was the empowerment of children as the next generation of Kuda Lumping art in the village of Gandu II, who were looking forward to taking control of the arts in the village. The children were given Geculan dance training as a basis for their dance, the movements arranged according to their age. Keywords: Innovation, Folk art, Kuda Lumping.
KREATIVITAS DIDIK BAMBANG WAHYUDI DALAM KARYA TARI ANOMAN CAKIL
Authors: Putri Denny Rostyana , Karyono Karyono
Published: July 2020

This thesis is titled by the Creativity of Didik Bambang Wahyudi in Anoman Cakil dance to uncover the creativity of Didik Bambang Wahyudi by describing and explaining: (1) The form of Anoman Cakil dance and (2) Didik Bambang Wahyudi’s creativity in the works of Anoman Cakil dance. Both issues were examined using the concept of the show form by Maryono which reveals verbal and non-verbal components. To uncover the creativity of Didik Bambang Wahyudi in the work of Anoman Cakil dance is using the theory of Rhodes cited by Utami Munandar that creativity there are four elements in it, namely person, press, proscess and product. Anoman Cakil dance composed by Didik Bambang Wahyudi told about the battle between two characters that have different character of Anoman and Cakil. Anoman Cakil dance is a dance work born from the interpretation of Didik Bambang Wahyudi. Harmony between the person and the creative process, as well as the ability to implement a story where Anoman essentially never met Cakil, but it is not impossible for Anoman to meet Cakil on a journey.Keywords: creativity, form, Anoman Cakil dance.
KEPENARIAN BUNCIT DALAM TARI SRIMPI GANDAKUSUMA
Authors: Utami Regita Rian , Setyoasih Sri
Published: July 2020

Essay of this artwork present an analysis dizziness of Buncit’s in a Srimpi Gandakusuma dance Surakarta sytle covers intepretation garap fillings and shapes, the dizziness of Buncit’s in the Srimpi Gandakusuma dance. The garap fillings and shapes which is studied with concept of the Javanese Hasta Sawanda. Concept shapes Susan Langer used to analyze elements in dance.The method used is  bservation, library studies, and interview. Research has shown that the dizziness Buncit’s in a Srimpi Gandakusuma dance is a required a process which is continue and intensive. Dancing a group dance must be supported by personal and group. The dizziness of the Buncit’s on this Srimpi Gandakusuma was taste of mrabu, meneb, and sigrak supported with makeup and karawitan to keep up the impression of grace.  Keywords: dizziness, garap, Srimpi Gandakusuma.
Ethno-Religious Conflict and the Quest for Peace in a Plural Society in Africa
Authors: Kemi Anthony Emina
Published: July 2020

This article examines the elusive search for peace in a plural Society in Africa, amid persistent ethno-religious conflicts and violent attacks in eminent. The central thesis of this article focused on why existing theoretical perspectives on the nature and management of ethnoreligious conflicts in Africa have disappointed expectations, and what is required to achieve peace among plural African societies. This article used Nigeria as a case study. The research argues that conflict resolution has an ontological dimension and that achieving peace in plural societies requires a process of genuine orientation that reworks the human consciousness to accept the inevitability of the 'Other' both to the self and its aspirations for survival. This research employs the method of textual and critical analysis in carrying out this research.
Hubungan Antara Sikap Duduk dengan Kejadian Low Back Pain pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI Tahun Pertama dan Tahun Kedua
Authors: Pratami Alika Rizki , Zulhamidah Yenni , Widayanti Etty
Published: July 2020

Latar Belakang: Low Back Pain adalah gangguan muskuloskeletal yang dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor. Beberapa faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap low back pain adalah usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, dan sikap kerja. Sikap kerja merupakan faktor yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kejadian low back pain misalnya seperti sikap duduk yang buruk yang dilakukan dalam waktu yang lama dan tanpa disertai peregangan otot. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuktikan hipotesis bahwa ada hubungan antara sikap duduk dengan kejadian low back pain pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI tahun pertama dan tahun kedua. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif korelasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi yang digunakan adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI tahun pertama dan tahun kedua. Menentukan sikap duduk dan menilai kejadian low back pain dengan memberikan kuisioner lalu dibuat menjadi beberapa kategori. Data dianalisa dengan uji statistik Pearson Chi Square. Hasil: Hasil uji analisa bivariat ini mendapatkan P value 0,645 (P0.05) yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara sikap duduk dengan kejadian low back pain pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI tahun pertama dan tahun kedua. Hal ini tidak sesuai dengan hipotesis peneliti. Simpulan: Antara sikap duduk dengan kejadian low back pain pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas YARSI tahun pertama dan tahun kedua tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna.
Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetes Infusa Beras Hitam (Oryza sativa L. indica) dengan Metode Toleransi Glukosa dan Inhibisi ?-Glukosidase
Authors: Yuda Indah Permata , Juniarti Juniarti , Yuhernita Yuhernita , Ferlianti Rika , Taufik Nasrullah Taufik
Published: July 2020

Diabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik kadar gula darah tinggi akibat kelainan sekresi dan atau kerja insulin. Beras hitam (Oryza sativa L. indica) secara empiris dipercaya dapat mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antidiabetes dari infusa beras hitam dengan menggunakan metode uji toleransi glukosa dan inhibisi ?-glukosidase. Uji toleransi glukosa dilakukan secara oral menggunakan 15 ekor tikus (Rattus novergicus) yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu Na-CMC, glibenklamid dan infusa O. sativa dengan konsentrasi 10, 50 dan 100%. Tiga puluh menit setelah semua kelompok diberikan perlakuan, semua hewan uji diberikan glukosa 50%. Kadar glukosa darah diukur pada menit ke-0, 30, 60, 90 dan 120 dengan menggunakan glukometer. Aktivitas inhibitor ?-glukosidase diuji secara in vitro dengan menggunakan substrat p-nitrofenil-?-D-glukopiranosida dan enzim ?-glukosidase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan infusa O. sativa dapat mempengaruhi toleransi glukosa darah pada konsentrasi infusa beras hitam 50% dan inhibisi ?-glukosidase diuji secara in vitro didapatkan niai IC50 sebesar 77,92 µg/mL. Nilai ini lebih baik dibanding acarbose yang hanya memberikan  dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 421,55 µg/mL. Hasil ini menunjukkan O. sativa berpotensi menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan inhibisi ?-glukosidase.
PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI MINORITAS MUSLIM (Suatu Tinjauan Kultur pada Pondok Pesantren Assalam Kota Manado)
Authors: Husein Saddam
Published: July 2020

Abstract: This article describes the culture of the Assalam Islamic Boarding School in Manado, which exists to this day, while standing in the center of a Muslim-majority area. Islamic boarding schools Islamic boarding schools do not cause problems for non-Muslim communities in boarding schools. This study found that non-Muslim communities around the pesantren were very good and harmonious. This paper discusses two important things, first, about the needs and challenges of the Assalam Islamic Boarding School in Manado to continue to exist amid its interests in the area of Muslim freedom. Second, Culture and Success in developing Islamic Education among Muslims.

Keyword: Muslim minority, Pondok Pesantren Assalam, Manado City

Abstrack Artikel ini menjelaskan mengenai kultur Pondok Pesantren Assalam Kota Manado yang eksis sampai sekarang ini, walaupun berdiri tegak di tengah wilayah minoritas muslim. Realitasnyamenjelaskan bahwa eksistensi Pondok pesantren tersebut tidak menjadi masalah bagi masayarakat non muslim yang berada di sekitar pesantren. Studi ini menemukan bahwa relasi masyarakat non muslim sekitar pesantren sangat baik dan harmonis. Tulisan ini menegaskan dua hal penting, pertama, tentang kebutuhan dan tantangan Pondok Pesantren Assalam Kota Manado untuk tetap eksis ditengah keberadaannya di wilayah minoritas muslim. Kedua, Kultur serta upaya dalam mengembangkan Pendidikan Islam di tengah minoritas muslim.
Kata kunci: Minoritas Muslim, Pondok Pesantren Assalam, Kota Manado
Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Hughes Michael , Allanore Yannick , Denton Christopher P. , Matucci-Cerinic Marco
Published: July 2020

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex autoimmune rheumatic disease that is characterised by widespread skin and internal organ fibrosis, immune system dysregulation, and vasculopathy. The disease carries a significant burden of pain and disability that is potentially life-limiting because of major internal organ-based complications. Early diagnosis is vital and key investigations include the detection of SSc-associated autoantibodies and nailfold capillaroscopic abnormalities. Patients should be managed by a dedicated, specialist, multidisciplinary team. There is now a range of effective treatments available for many of the complications associated with the disease. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation may benefit a small subset of patients with very poor prognosis SSc. Important advances have been made in understanding the aetiopathogenesis of SSc, which is driving clinical trials of new therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this review is to provide a clinically focussed description of the relevant aetiopathogenesis, clinical expression of disease, approach to the assessment and treatment of SSc, and highlight the recent advances and future challenges associated with this complex disease.
Distribución de Sinsontillo (Polioptila lembeyei) en el sur del oriente de Cuba, implicaciones para su conservación
Authors: Plasencia-León Carmen , Viña-Dávila Nicasio , Padilla-Sánchez Malbelys , Iñigo-Elias Eduardo E.
Published: July 2020

El Sinsontillo (Polioptila lembeyei) es una especie endémica de Cuba que posee una distribución restringida y de la que se conoce poco de su historia natural. La presente investigación se desarrolló en el sur de Oriente Cubano donde la especie es relativamente abundante. En la actualidad se desconocen las características de su distribución, lo que dificulta implementar acciones de conservación efectivas. Se trabajó en una franja costera al sureste de Cuba de 377 km de largo entre Cabo Cruz y Punta de Maisí y 10 km de ancho máximo. Se muestrearon 141 localidades a partir del método de conteo por puntos con radio variable combinado con reclamos. Se obtuvo reportes de la especie en 85 localidades. Se comprobó la presencia de Sinsontillo cercano a los 400 m de altitud y a más de 8000 m de distancia de la línea costera. Se observó la especie en nueve formaciones vegetales, 88 % de las localidades con presencia de la especie se agruparon en el matorral espinoso semidesértico costero, el bosque siempreverde micrófilo costero y prepostero (monte seco), la maleza compacta sin espinas y hierbas y pastos artificiales. Se realizó un modelo deductivo basado en las observaciones de campo, la literatura publicada y la experiencia de expertos. Las zonas de presencia ocupan 1063 km2 y está fragmentado en 274 parches de hábitat idóneo. Los valores de validación de modelo fueron buenos para el estadístico Kappa y para True Skill Statistic (TSS). El modelo predijo la presencia de la especie en una extensión inferior a la considerada en la bibliografía. Los resultados indican que los parches de hábitat idóneo de poca extensión presentes en zonas del sureste de Cuba son vulnerables a transformaciones por efectos de incidencia humana y del cambio climático y podría interrumpir la conectividad entre los parches de hábitats adecuados más grandes.
Denatonium as a Bitter Taste Receptor Agonist Modifies Transcriptomic Profile and Functions of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells
Authors: Salvestrini Valentina , Ciciarello Marilena , Pensato Valentina , Simonetti Giorgia , Laginestra Maria Antonella , Bruno Samantha , Pazzaglia Martina , De Marchi Elena , Forte Dorian , Orecchioni Stefania , Martinelli Giovanni , Bertolini Francesco , Méndez-Ferrer Simon , Adinolfi Elena , Di Virgilio Francesco , Cavo Michele , Curti Antonio
Published: July 2020

The contribution of cell-extrinsic factors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) generation and persistence has gained interest. Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) are G protein-coupled receptors known for their primary role as a central warning signal to induce aversion toward noxious or harmful substances. Nevertheless, the increasing amount of evidence about their extra-oral localization has suggested a wider function in sensing microenvironment, also in cancer settings. In this study, we found that AML cells express functional TAS2Rs. We also highlighted a significant association between the modulation of some TAS2Rs and the poor-prognosis AML groups, i.e., TP53- and TET2-mutated, supporting a potential role of TAS2Rs in AML cell biology. Gene expression profile analysis showed that TAS2R activation with the prototypical agonist, denatonium benzoate, significantly modulated a number of genes involved in relevant AML cellular processes. Functional assay substantiated molecular data and indicated that denatonium reduced AML cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase or induced apoptosis via caspase cascade activation. Moreover, denatonium exposure impaired AML cell motility and migratory capacity, and inhibited cellular respiration by decreasing glucose uptake and oxidative phosphorylation. In conclusion, our results in AML cells expand the observation of cancer TAS2R expression to the setting of hematological neoplasms and shed light on a role of TAS2Rs in the extrinsic regulation of leukemia cell functions.
Association Between Current Physical Activity and Current Perceived Anxiety and Mood in the Initial Phase of COVID-19 Confinement
Authors: López-Bueno Rubén , Calatayud Joaquín , Ezzatvar Yasmin , Casajús José A. , Smith Lee , Andersen Lars L. , López-Sánchez Guillermo F.
Published: July 2020

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a world pandemic due to COVID-19, and several enacted measures such as compulsory confinement may have collateral consequences on both physical and mental health. We aimed to investigate associations between current physical activity (PA) and current perceived anxiety and mood among a sample of Spanish adults confined due to COVID-19 restrictions of movement. Using an online survey, we collected data on the Spanish adult population regarding health habits during the first days of enacted confinement. A total of 2250 participants (54.8% women) aged 35.3 (SD 13.6) completed the survey, which included questions about sociodemographic characteristics (i.e. age, gender, civil status, education, and occupation), health habits (i.e. prior PA, alcohol consumption, smoking, screen exposure, and sleep hours) and COVID-19 confinement context (i.e. number of isolation days, solitude, and exposure to COVID-19). Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS) short form was used to estimate weekly minutes of PA, whereas a single-item question was used to assess both current perceived anxiety and mood. We conducted weighted binomial logistic regressions to check associations between current adherence to WHO guidelines of PA and current perceived anxiety and mood of confined adults. Significant inverse associations between overall adherence to PA and current perceived anxiety in the final adjusted model (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.54–0.79) as well as in several subgroup analyses such as younger women were observed. In addition, a borderline significant inverse association was found between current PA and current perceived worse mood when fully adjusted (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68–1.00); this association was significantly stronger in women than men. The results of the present study indicate that current PA adherence to WHO guidelines in the initial phase of COVID-19 confinement associates with both lower current perceived anxiety and lower current perceived worse mood among a sample of Spanish adults.
Hand-Rearing of Three Lesser Flamingo Chicks (Phoeniconaias minor)
Authors: Fiorucci Letizia , Grande Francesco , Macrelli Roberto , Schnitzer Petra , Crosta Lorenzo
Published: July 2020

There are few published studies regarding lesser flamingo (Phoeniconaias minor) reproduction, crop milk composition, and hand-rearing under human care. Between the end of June and the beginning of August of 2017, three eggs were laid in a group of 29 lesser flamingos kept under human care. Two eggs and one chick were abandoned by the parents, and three chicks were hand-reared. This report describes diet composition, dietary intake, feeding protocols, and growth index, from the first day to 60 days after hatching, for three lesser flamingo chicks.
The Effects of Feed Particle Size and Floor Type on the Growth Performance, GIT Development, and Pododermatitis in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Abd El-Wahab Amr , Kriewitz Jan-Philip , Hankel Julia , Chuppava Bussarakam , Ratert Christine , Taube Venja , Visscher Christian , Kamphues Josef
Published: July 2020

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of feed particle size and flooring designs on organ traits, performance and pododermatitis in broilers. A total of 480 broilers (Ross 308) of both sexes were randomly assigned to two feeding groups (finely or coarsely ground pelleted diets; with addition of 5% to 10% intact wheat in coarsely diets) and four different housing systems (litter; litter with floor heating; partially or fully slatted floor) with three subgroups each. A coarse diet increased the final gizzard and pancreas weights (p < 0.001) while decreasing the risk of Isthmus gastrici dilatation compared to a fine diet (p < 0.001). Broilers fed a coarse diet displayed an increased final body weight (p = 0.023) and led to a favourable feed conversion ratio. Final body weight was the highest (p < 0.001) for birds housed on partially or fully slatted floor. Housing birds on litter with floor heating showed the lowest pododermatitis scoring (p < 0.001). It seems to be favourable to use coarse diets for organ development, whereas slatted floors seem to foster enlargement of the Isthmus gastrici. Increasing growth performance was possible both when using coarse diets or slatted floors.
Exercise Training Protocols in Rabbits Applied in Cardiovascular Research
Authors: Lozano Wilson M. , Parra Germán , Arias-Mutis Oscar J. , Zarzoso Manuel
Published: July 2020

Rabbit exercise protocols allow for the evaluation of physiological and biomechanical changes and responses to episodes of acute or chronic exercise. The observed physiological changes are normal responses to stress, that is, adaptive responses to maintain or restore homeostasis after acute exercise. Indeed, the rabbit model is advantageous since (a) it has important physiological similarities in terms of the functioning of multiple organ systems, and can quickly induce alterations in pathophysiological conditions that resemble those of humans, and (b) it allows the implementation of a low-cost model in comparison with other large animals. When designing an exercise training protocol for rabbits, it is important to consider variables such as race, gender, age and, especially, training parameters such as volume, intensity, or rest, among others, to determine the outcome of the research. Therefore, the objective of this review is to identify and analyze exercise training protocols in rabbits in different experimental applications and the various physiological adaptations that are presented, with special focus in cardiovascular adaptations.
Trace Element Concentrations Measured in a Biomonitor (Tree Bark) for Assessing Mortality and Morbidity of Urban Population: A New Promising Approach for Exploiting the Potential of Public Health Data
Authors: Drava Giuliana , Ailuno Giorgia , Minganti Vincenzo
Published: July 2020

The usefulness of bioindicators to study the state of the environment in different compartments (air, water, and soil) has been demonstrated for a long time. All persistent pollutants can be measured in some form of bioindicator, and numerous organisms are suitable for the biomonitoring purpose. In most of the works on this topic, bioindicators are used to highlight the impact of human activities. Generally, samples collected from polluted areas are compared with samples from an area considered as clean, or samples from areas characterized by different pollution sources are compared with each other. An approach that has not been attempted consists in correlating directly data on environmental quality obtained by bioindicators with parameters measuring the population health. In the present study, the concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn measured by atomic emission spectrometry (ICP OES) in 56 samples of holm oak bark from trees located in urban parks and along streets in a Northern Italy city were related to the data describing the health status of the citizens. The concentrations of some of the 10 trace elements in the bioindicator were found significantly correlated with mortality and morbidity data regarding cardiac and respiratory diseases. The results, although preliminary, show the potential of this approach for implementing strategies aimed for disease prevention and health promotion in urban areas at risk, with the objective of reducing environmental and health inequalities.
Doxorubicin Enhances Procoagulant Activity of Endothelial Cells after Exposure to Tumour Microparticles on Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Algarni Abdulrahman , Greenman John , Madden Leigh
Published: July 2020

The majority of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy have a significantly increased risk of venous thromboembolism via a mechanism not yet fully elucidated but which most probably involves tumour microparticles (MP) combined with damaged/activated endothelium. Tumour cell lines (ES-2 and U87) were cultured as 3D spheroids and transferred to biochips connected through to a second chip precultured with an endothelial cell layer (human umbilical vein endothelial cells [HUVECs]). Media were introduced with and without doxorubicin (DOX) to the spheroids in parallel chips under constant flow conditions. Media samples collected pre- and post-flow through the biochip were analysed for tissue factor microparticles (TFMP) and procoagulant activity (PCA). HUVECs were also harvested and tested for PCA at a constant cell number. TFMP levels in media decreased after passing over HUVECs in both conditions over time and this was accompanied by a reduction in PCA (indicated by a slower coagulation time) of the media. The relationship between PCA and TFMP was correlated (r = −0.85) and consistent across experiments. Harvested HUVECs displayed increased PCA when exposed to tumour spheroid media containing TFMP, which was increased further after the addition of DOX, suggesting that the TFMP in the media had bound to HUVEC cell surfaces. The enhanced PCA of HUVECs associated with the DOX treatment was attributed to a loss of viability of these cells rather than additional MP binding. The data suggest that tumour MP interact with HUVECs through ligand-receptor binding. The model described is a robust and reproducible method to investigate cytotoxic agents on tumour spheroids and subsequent downstream interaction with endothelial cells.
The Role of Location of Tumor in the Prognosis of the Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Lee Mirang , Kwon Wooil , Kim Hongbeom , Byun Yoonhyeong , Han Youngmin , Kang Jae Seung , Choi Yoo Jin , Jang Jin-Young
Published: July 2020

Identification of prognostic factors is important to improve treatment outcomes in pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the location of pancreatic cancer on survival and to determine whether it was a significant prognostic factor. Altogether, 2483 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer were examined. Comparative analysis of clinicopathologic characteristics, survival analysis, and multivariate analysis were performed. Cancers of the pancreatic head or the uncinate process were present in 49.5% of patients. The head/uncinate cancers had more clinical T1/T2 tumors (59.4% vs. 35.5%, p < 0.001) and a significantly higher 5-year survival rate (8.9% vs. 7.3%, p < 0.001) than the body/tail cancers. The 5-year survival rate in patients with head/uncinate cancers was significantly lower in the resectable (p = 0.014) and the locally advanced groups (p = 0.007). In patients who underwent resection with curative intent, the 5-year survival rate was lower in the head/uncinate group (p = 0.046). The overall outcome of the head/uncinate cancers was better than the body/tail cancers, due to the high proportion of resectable cases. In patients who underwent curative resection, the head/uncinate cancers had a higher number of T1/T2 tumors, but worse outcomes. In the multivariate analysis, tumor location was not an independent prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer.
Impact of Host, Lifestyle and Environmental Factors in the Pathogenesis of MPN
Authors: Ramanathan Gajalakshmi , Hoover Brianna M , Fleischman Angela G
Published: July 2020

Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) occur when there is over-production of myeloid cells stemming from hematopoietic stem cells with constitutive activation of JAK/STAT signaling, with JAK2V617F being the most commonly occurring somatic driver mutation. Chronic inflammation is a hallmark feature of MPNs and it is now evident that inflammation is not only a symptom of MPN but can also provoke development and precipitate progression of disease. Herein we have considered major MPN driver mutation independent host, lifestyle, and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of MPN based upon epidemiological and experimental data. In addition to the traditional risk factors such as advanced age, there is evidence to indicate that inflammatory stimuli such as smoking can promote and drive MPN clone emergence and expansion. Diet induced inflammation could also play a role in MPN clonal expansion. Recognition of factors associated with MPN development support lifestyle modifications as an emerging therapeutic tool to restrain inflammation and diminish MPN progression.
The Tumor Suppressor CYLD Inhibits Mammary Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition by the Coordinated Inhibition of YAP/TAZ and TGFβ Signaling
Authors: Pseftogas Athanasios , Xanthopoulos Konstantinos , Poutahidis Theofilos , Ainali Chrysanthi , Dafou Dimitra , Panteris Emmanuel , Kern Joseph G. , Varelas Xaralabos , Hardas Alexander , Gonidas Christos , Tsingotjidou Anastasia , Hatzivassiliou Eudoxia , Mosialos George
Published: July 2020

Downregulation of the cylindromatosis (CYLD) tumor suppressor has been associated with breast cancer development and progression. Here, we report a critical role for CYLD in maintaining the phenotype of mammary epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo. CYLD downregulation or inactivation induced an epithelial to mesenchymal transition of mammary epithelial cells that was dependent on the concomitant activation of the transcription factors Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)signaling. CYLD inactivation enhanced the nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ and the phosphorylation of Small Mothers Against Decapentaplegic (SMAD)2/3 proteins in confluent cell culture conditions. Consistent with these findings were the hyperplastic alterations of CYLD-deficient mouse mammary epithelia, which were associated with enhanced nuclear expression of the YAP/TAZ transcription factors. Furthermore, in human breast cancer samples, downregulation of CYLD expression correlates with enhanced YAP/TAZ-regulated target gene expression. Our results identify CYLD as a critical regulator of a signaling node that prevents the coordinated activation of YAP/TAZ and the TGFβ pathway in mammary epithelial cells, in order to maintain their phenotypic identity and homeostasis. Consequently, they provide a novel conceptual framework that supports and explains a causal implication of deficient CYLD expression in aggressive human breast cancers.
Opposing Roles of S1P3 Receptors in Myocardial Function
Authors: Wafa Dina , Koch Nóra , Kovács Janka , Kerék Margit , Proia Richard L. , Tigyi Gábor J. , Benyó Zoltán , Miklós Zsuzsanna
Published: July 2020

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lysophospholipid mediator with diverse biological function mediated by S1P1–5 receptors. Whereas S1P was shown to protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, other studies highlighted its vasoconstrictor effects. We aimed to separate the beneficial and potentially deleterious cardiac effects of S1P during I/R and identify the signaling pathways involved. Wild type (WT), S1P2-KO and S1P3-KO Langendorff-perfused murine hearts were exposed to intravascular S1P, I/R, or both. S1P induced a 45% decrease of coronary flow (CF) in WT-hearts. The presence of S1P-chaperon albumin did not modify this effect. CF reduction diminished in S1P3-KO but not in S1P2-KO hearts, indicating that in our model S1P3 mediates coronary vasoconstriction. In I/R experiments, S1P3 deficiency had no influence on postischemic CF but diminished functional recovery and increased infarct size, indicating a cardioprotective effect of S1P3. Preischemic S1P exposure resulted in a substantial reduction of postischemic CF and cardiac performance and increased the infarcted area. Although S1P3 deficiency increased postischemic CF, this failed to improve cardiac performance. These results indicate a dual role of S1P3 involving a direct protective action on the myocardium and a cardiosuppressive effect due to coronary vasoconstriction. In acute coronary syndrome when S1P may be released abundantly, intravascular and myocardial S1P production might have competing influences on myocardial function via activation of S1P3 receptors.
Does Siponimod Exert Direct Effects in the Central Nervous System?
Authors: Kipp Markus
Published: July 2020

The modulation of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor is an approved treatment for relapsing multiple sclerosis because of its anti-inflammatory effect of retaining lymphocytes in lymph nodes. Different sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor subtypes are expressed in the brain and spinal cord, and their pharmacological effects may improve disease development and neuropathology. Siponimod (BAF312) is a novel sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator that has recently been approved for the treatment of active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). In this review article, we summarize recent evidence suggesting that the active role of siponimod in patients with progressive MS may be due to direct interaction with central nervous system cells. Additionally, we tried to summarize our current understanding of the function of siponimod and discuss the effects observed in the case of MS.
Effect on Silt Capillary Water Absorption upon Addition of Sodium Methyl Silicate (SMS) and Microscopic Mechanism Analysis
Authors: Ma Qingwen , Liu Sihan
Published: July 2020

Silt has the characteristics of developed capillary pores and strong water sensitivity, and capillary water is an important factor inducing the erosion and slumping of silt sites. Therefore, in order to suppress the effect of capillary water, this article discusses the improvement effect of sodium methyl silicate (SMS) on silt. The effect was investigated by capillary water rise testing and contact angle measurement, and the inhibition mechanism is discussed from the microscopic view by X-ray diffraction (XRD) testing, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) testing, scanning electron microscope (SEM) testing and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) testing. The results show that SMS can effectively inhibit the rise of capillary water in silt, the maximum height of capillary rise can be reduced to 0 cm when the ratio of SMS (g) to silt (g) increases to 0.5%, and its contact angle is 120.2°. In addition, considering also the XRD, XRF, SEM and MIP test results, it is considered that SMS forms a water-repellent membrane by reacting with water and carbon dioxide, which evenly distribute on the surface of silt particles. The membrane reduces the surface energy and enhances the water repellence of silt, and combines with small particles in the soil, reduces the number of 2.5 μm pores and inhibits the rise of capillary water.