bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of a rapid and sensitive UPLC‐MS/MS assay for the determination of TM‐2 in beagle dog plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Lin Hongli , Zhao Yunli , Men Lei , Yang Mingjing , Liu Hui , Shao Yanjie , Wang Pei , Tang Xing , Yu Zhiguo
Published: May 2014

A simple and sensitive method based on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) has been developed for the determination of TM‐2, which was a novel semi‐synthetic taxane derivative in beagle dog plasma. Cabazitaxel was chosen as internal standard. Following extraction by methyl tert‐butyl ether, the chromatographic separation was achieved on a Thermo Syncronis C18 column (50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) by gradient elution within a runtime of 3.5 min. The mobile phase consisted of (A) acetonitrile and (B) 2 mmol/L ammonium acetate in water. The detection was accomplished using positive ion electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The MS/MS ion transitions were monitored at m/z 812.39 → 551.35 for TM‐2 and 836.36 → 555.26 for IS, respectively. The method was linear for TM‐2 (r = 0.9924) ranging from 2.5 to 1000 ng/mL. The intra‐day and inter‐day precisions (relative standard deviation) were within 8.0 and 17.6%, respectively, and the accuracy (relative error) was less than 2.3%. The extraction recovery ranged from 83.1 to 97.1%. The reliable method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of TM‐2 in beagle dogs after intravenous drip with different doses of 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 mg/kg, respectively. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel DAD type and folic acid conjugated fluorescent monomer as a targeting probe for imaging of folate receptor overexpressed cells
Authors: Ekiz Kanik Fulya , Ag Didem , Seleci Muharrem , Barlas Firat Baris , Kesik Melis , Hizalan Gonul , Akpinar Hava , Timur Suna , Toppare Levent
Published: May 2014

We describe a modification and post‐functionalization technique for a donor–acceptor–donor type monomer; 6‐(4,7‐bis(2,3‐dihydrothieno[3,4‐b][1,4]dioxin‐5‐yl)‐2H‐benzo[d][1,2, 3]triazol‐2‐yl)hexan‐1‐amine. Folic acid was attached to the fluorescent structure. The conjugation was confirmed via NMR and Fourier transform infrared analyses. Cytotoxicity was investigated and the comparison of association of targeted monomeric structures in tumor cells was monitored via fluorescence microscopy. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 30:952–959, 2014
ChemInform Abstract: Pressure‐Induced Structural Phase Transition in the Half‐Heusler Compound CaAuBi.
Authors: Xie Lilia S. , Schoop Leslie M. , Medvedev Sergey A. , Felser Claudia , Cava R. J.
Published: May 2014

Single crystals of CaAuBi are obtained from a melt of Ca, Au, and Bi in a 1:1:10 ratio (alumina crucible, 950 °C, 5 h, cooling to 400 °C with a rate of 2.5 °C/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Pressure Control for Photoluminescence of MSiAl2O3N2:Ce3+/Eu2+ (M: Sr, Ba) Oxynitride Phosphors.
Authors: Huang Wan‐Yu , Yoshimura Fumitaka , Ueda Kyota , Shimomura Yasuo , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn , Chan Ting‐Shan , Chiang Chang‐Yang , Zhou Wuzong , Liu Ru‐Shi
Published: May 2014

M0.98SiAl2O3N2:Eu 2+0.02/Ce3+0.02 (M = Sr, Ba), Sr0.92‐xBaxSiAl2O3N2 :Eu2+0.04/Ce3+0.04 (x: 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 0.82, 0.92) and Sr0.98‐x (Ca0.55Ba0.45) xSiAl2O3N2:Eu 2+0.02 (x: 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4) oxynitride phosphors with broad band emission for white light‐emitting diodes are obtained by gas‐pressure sintering of stoichiometric mixtures of Sr3N2, BaO, Ca3N2, α‐Si3N4, AlN, SiO2, EuN, and CeN (BN crucible, 1.
ChemInform Abstract: SrAuSi3: A Noncentrosymmetric Superconductor.
Authors: Isobe Masaaki , Yoshida Hiroyuki , Kimoto Koji , Arai Masao , Takayama‐Muromachi Eiji
Published: May 2014

Polycrystalline SrAuSi3 is prepared by hot pressing of a stoichiometric mixture of SrSi2, Au, and Si (h‐BN anvil cell, ≈6 GPa, 1500 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Challenges in the Search for Magnetic Coupling in 3d/4f Materials: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties of the Lanthanide Copper Heterobimetallic Compounds, RE2Cu(TeO3)2(SO4)2.
Authors: Lin Jian , Chai Ping , Diefenbach Kariem , Shatruk Michael , Albrecht‐Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: May 2014

Ln2Cu(TeO3)2(SO4)2 (Ln: Y, Nd, Sm—Lu) with two different structural topologies are prepared by hydrothermal treatment of Ln2O3, CuO, and TeO2 in aqueous H2SO4 (autoclave, 230 °C, 3 d, cooling rate of 5 °C/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Neutron Diffraction and Electrochemical Study of FeNb11O29/Li11FeNb11 O29 for Lithium Battery Anode Applications.
Authors: Pinus Ilya , Catti Michele , Ruffo Riccardo , Salamone Matteo M. , Mari Claudio M.
Published: May 2014

Li11FeNb11O29 is prepared by lithiation of FeNb11O29 with BuLi in hexane (50 °C, 96 h).
ChemInform Abstract: The Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Platinum‐Promoted Gold—Palladium Catalysts.
Authors: Edwards Jennifer K. , Pritchard James , Lu Li , Piccinini Marco , Shaw Greg , Carley Albert F. , Morgan David J. , Kiely Christopher J. , Hutchings Graham J.
Published: May 2014

The addition of a small amount of Pt to a CeO2‐supported AuPd (weight ratio of 1:1) catalyst significantly enhances the activity in the direct synthesis of H2O2 (autoclave, 5% H2/CO2 and 25% O2/CO2, 4.0 MPa, 2 °C, 30 min) and decreases the non‐desired over‐hydrogenation and decomposition reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Substrate Stereocontrol in the Intramolecular Organocatalyzed Tsuji—Trost Reaction: Enantioselective Synthesis of Allokainates.
Authors: Vulovic Bojan , Gruden‐Pavlovic Maja , Matovic Radomir , Saicic Radomir N.
Published: May 2014

Organo‐catalyzed Tsuji—Trost cyclization of enantiopure educts (I) allows for a stereoselective access to (t)‐allokainic acids (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Conjugate Addition of Acyl Anion Equivalents Promoted by Fluorodesilylation.
Authors: Denmark Scott E. , Cullen Lindsey R.
Published: May 2014

Conjugate addition of acyl anion equivalents derived from 2‐silyl‐1,3‐dithianes to α,β‐unsaturated ketones and esters is achieved using readily available Bu4NF as catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: 3,3′‐Diiodo‐BINOL‐Fused Maleimides as Chiral Hypervalent Iodine(III) Organocatalysts.
Authors: Brenet Simon , Berthiol Florian , Einhorn Jacques
Published: May 2014

An intermolecular asymmetric MCPBA promoted oxidation of aryl alkyl ketones at the α‐position by using the title catalyst is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: An Optimized Synthetic Route for the Preparation of the Versatile Chiral Building Block 1,4‐Di‐O‐benzylthreitol.
Authors: Meier Bettina , Kollroser Manfred , Presser Armin
Published: May 2014

A universal and facile synthetic route for the preparation of enantiopure L‐ and D‐1,4‐di‐O‐benzylthreitols (IX) from easily accessible L‐ or D‐tartaric acid, resp., is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Tin(II) Chloride Mediated Coupling Reactions Between Alkynes and Aldehydes.
Authors: Masuyama Yoshiro , Takamura Wataru , Suzuki Noriyuki
Published: May 2014

Tin dichloride mediates the coupling reaction between alkynes and aldehydes as a Lewis acid in nitromethane to stereoselectively produce (E)‐α,β‐unsaturated ketones by a skeletal transformation in which one alkynic carbon atom changes into an oxo carbon atom accompanied by the cleavage of a C=O bond in the starting aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: A Method to Prepare Optically Active Acyclic α‐Benzyl Ketones by Thermodynamically Controlled Deracemization.
Authors: Kaku Hiroto , Imai Takahiro , Kondo Risa , Mamba Shiho , Watanabe Yu , Inai Makoto , Nishii Takeshi , Horikawa Mitsuyo , Tsunoda Tetsuto
Published: May 2014

The process is appreciably influenced by the water/methanol solvent ratio.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Three‐Component Synthesis of N,N′,N′′‐Trisubstituted Guanidines.
Authors: Li Jihui , Neuville Luc
Published: May 2014

The presence of an NH group in the cyanamide is necessary as the secondary N‐methyl‐N‐phenylcyanamide does not participate in the process.
ChemInform Abstract: Carboxylation with CO2 via Brook Rearrangement: Preparation of α‐Hydroxy Acid Derivatives
Authors: Mita Tsuyoshi , Higuchi Yuki , Sato Yoshihiro
Published: May 2014

from corresponding α‐substituted α‐siloxysilanes
ChemInform Abstract: Generally Applicable and Efficient Esterification of Aldehydes with Alcohols Catalyzed by Cyclopalladated Ferrocenylimine.
Authors: Ma Gaizhi , Leng Yuting , Qiao Huijie , Yang Fan , Wang Shiwei , Wu Yangjie
Published: May 2014

The reaction requires catalyst loadings of only 0.0625 mol%.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Readily Water‐Soluble Amides Containing Sulfonic Groups.
Authors: Idzik Krzysztof R. , Noedler Karsten , Licha Tobias
Published: May 2014

A new simple, inexpensive, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly method for the acylation of primary amines is introduced.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of de novo Chiral γ‐Amino‐ynamides Using Lithiated Ynamides. Observation of a Unique 5‐endo‐dig Cyclization with an Inversion of S‐Center.
Authors: Hsung Richard P. , Wang Xiao‐Na , Fox Sierra K. , Qi Rui , Lv Ming‐Can
Published: May 2014

The structures of the products (IIIa) and (XIIIc) are confirmed by X‐ray analysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Decarboxylative Couplings of Sulfoximines and Aryl Propiolic Acids.
Authors: Priebbenow Daniel L. , Becker Peter , Bolm Carsten
Published: May 2014

Electron‐rich aryl propiolic acids are not well tolerated affording the desired N‐alkynylated sulfoximes in less than 20% yield and the Glaser—Hay dimer instead.
ChemInform Abstract: Large yet Flexible N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands for Palladium Catalysis.
Authors: Meiries Sebastien , Le Duc Gaetan , Chartoire Anthony , Collado Alba , Speck Klaus , Arachchige Kasun S. Athukorala , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Nolan Steven P.
Published: May 2014

The title catalysts can be synthesized in eight steps from inexpensive and readily available 2‐nitro‐m‐xylene.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Unactivated Secondary Alkyl Thio Ethers and Sulfones with Aryl Grignard Reagents.
Authors: Denmark Scott E. , Cresswell Alexander J.
Published: May 2014

The cross‐coupling reaction of unactivated alkyl aryl thioethers with aryl Grignard compounds is realized with nitrogen as “directing group” [reaction of (VI)].
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Asymmetric Catalysis in Michael—Michael—Michael—Aldol Reactions: Merging Organocatalysis with Photoredox Catalysis in a One‐Pot Enantioselective Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Decalines Bearing a Quaternary Carbon Stereocenter.
Authors: Hong Bor‐Cherng , Lin Cheng‐Wei , Liao Wei‐Kai , Lee Gene‐Hsiang
Published: May 2014

Reaction of bromoacrylate (I) with cinnamic aldehyde (II) in the presence of diphenylsilylprolinol is optimized to yield a dialdehyde (III) produced by double Michael reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleopalladation Triggering the Oxidative Heck Reaction: A General Strategy to Diverse β‐Indole Ketones.
Authors: Wang Qian , Huang Liangbin , Wu Xia , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: May 2014

The presented method gives an easy and efficient access to 2‐ and 3‐substituted indoles and shows a broad tolerance of functionalities.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Tandem Annulation and [5 + 1] Cycloaddition: 3‐Hydroxy‐1,4‐enyne as the 5‐Carbon Component.
Authors: Li Xiaoxun , Song Wangze , Tang Weiping
Published: May 2014

A variety of substituted carbazoles and dibenzofuran (XIV) are efficiently prepared via a Rh‐catalyzed tandem annulation/[5 + 1]‐cycloaddition sequence using 3‐hydroxy‐1,4‐enynes as a new 5‐carbon component in the cycloaddition step.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 9H‐Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]indol‐9‐ones and the Isomeric Indeno[2,1‐b]pyrrol‐8‐ones.
Authors: Wang Shuyang , Yang Qinghua , Dong Jingjing , Li Changwei , Sun Li , Song Chuanjun , Chang Junbiao
Published: May 2014

The isomeric title compounds are synthesized from the same substrates by intramolecular Heck reactions using different Pd catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Environmentally Benign Lewis Acid Promoted [2 + 3] Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of Nitrile Imines with Alkenes in Water.
Authors: Dadiboyena Sureshbabu , Hamme Ashton T. II
Published: May 2014

The nitrile imines emerge in situ from the α‐hydrazonyl chlorides (I) and undergo the title cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: C—C Bond Cleavage of Keto‐Aziridines; Synthesis of Oxazoles via Regio‐Controlled Ring Expansion.
Authors: Samimi Heshmat Allah , Entezami Soraya
Published: May 2014

Various 2,5‐diaryloxazoles (II) are prepared regioselectively from the trans‐aziridines.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Enantioselective Desymmetrization of meso‐Epoxides by Thiols.
Authors: Wang Zhaobin , Law Wai Kit , Sun Jianwei
Published: May 2014

A mild and efficient protocol for the enantioselective opening of several cyclic and acyclic epoxides with good to high enantioselectivities is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Ethoxymethylidene‐4‐thioxo‐2‐thiazolidinone as Versatile Building Block for Novel Biorelevant Small Molecules with Thiopyrano[2,3‐d][1,3]thiazole Core.
Authors: Atamanyuk Dmytro , Zimenkovsky Borys , Atamanyuk Vasyl , Lesyk Roman
Published: May 2014

A variety of novel thiopyranothiazole derivatives are synthesized via hetero‐Diels—Alder reactions using the title ethoxymethylidene‐thiazolidinone (I) as heterodiene building block.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Aromatization of 1,4‐Dihydropyridines by Radical Cation Salt Prompted Aerobic Oxidation.
Authors: Jia Xiaodong , Yu Liangliang , Huo Congde , Wang Yaxin , Liu Jing , Wang Xicun
Published: May 2014

The described method is advantageous with regards to mild reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, and high efficiency for the oxidative aromatization.
ChemInform Abstract: Modular Isoquinoline Synthesis Using Catalytic Enolate Arylation and in situ Functionalization.
Authors: Pilgrim Ben S. , Gatland Alice E. , McTernan Charlie T. , Procopiou Panayiotis A. , Donohoe Timothy J.
Published: May 2014

A multistep synthesis of functionalized isoquinolines using Pd‐catalyzed reaction of compounds (I), (V), and (XI) with methyl ketones followed by quenching with a variety of electrophiles is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Ruthenium Hydride/Broensted Acid‐Catalyzed Tandem Isomerization/N‐Acyliminium Cyclization Sequence for the Synthesis of Tetrahydro‐β‐carbolines.
Authors: Hansen Casper L. , Clausen Janie W. , Ohm Ragnhild G. , Ascic Erhad , Le Quement Sebastian T. , Tanner David , Nielsen Thomas E.
Published: May 2014

This new approach represents an attractive alternative to the classical Pictet—Spengler reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polyhydroxylated Quinolizidines and Azaspiro[4.5]decanes from D‐Xylose.
Authors: Malik Michal , Witkowski Grzegorz , Ceborska Magdalena , Jarosz Slawomir
Published: May 2014

Depending on the conditions the reaction of key intermediate (II) with allyl magnesium bromide yields either mono‐allylated compound (IV) or bis‐allylated compound (V) as main product.
ChemInform Abstract: BODIPY Based ′Click on′ Fluorogenic Dyes: Application in Live Cell Imaging.
Authors: Chauhan Dinesh Pratapsinh , Saha Tanmoy , Lahiri Mayurika , Talukdar Pinaki
Published: May 2014

Copper‐catalyzed cycloaddition of non‐fluorescent BODIPY azide affords fluorescent derivatives which display up to 532‐fold enhancement of fluorescence in the red region.
ChemInform Abstract: A Three‐Component Synthesis of Aminomethylenebis‐H‐phosphinates.
Authors: Bochno Marta , Berlicki Lukasz
Published: May 2014

Three‐component condensation of substrate (I) with amines and triethyl orthoformate gives bis‐H‐phosphinates in low to moderate yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Cristatic Acid Based on Late‐Stage Decarboxylative Allylic Migration and Biomimetic Aromatization of a Diketo Dioxinone.
Authors: George Nicolas S. , Anderson Katie E. , Barrett Anthony G. M.
Published: May 2014

The total synthesis of the title compound (I) including 15 linear steps is achieved in 2.7% overall yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Excited Semiconductor Clusters: Magic Source
Authors: Yang Ping , Wang Jianrong , Zhang Lipeng
Published: May 2014

Review: preparation of novel CdS nanostructures; 20 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum Group Metal Clusters: From Gas‐Phase Structures and Reactivities Towards Model Catalysts
Authors: Harding Dan J. , Fielicke Andre
Published: May 2014

Review: [90 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Theory, Synthesis and Reactivity of Quintuple Bonded Complexes
Authors: Nair Anokh K. , Harisomayajula N. V. Satyachand , Tsai Yi‐Chou
Published: May 2014

Review: 127 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclometalated [Cp*M(C^X)] (M: Ir, Rh; X: N, C, O, P) Complexes
Authors: Han Ying‐Feng , Jin Guo‐Xin
Published: May 2014

Review: synthesis, characterization and applications; 167 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Non‐Diazo Approach to α‐Oxo Gold Carbenes via Gold‐Catalyzed Alkyne Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Liming
Published: May 2014

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid Hydrazides, Potent Reagents for Synthesis of Oxygen‐, Nitrogen‐, and/or Sulfur‐Containing Heterocyclic Rings
Authors: Majumdar Poulomi , Pati Anita , Patra Manabendra , Behera Rajani Kanta , Behera Ajaya Kumar
Published: May 2014

Review: 383 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold‐Catalyzed Rearrangements and Beyond
Authors: Obradors Carla , Echavarren Antonio M.
Published: May 2014

Review: 87 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Columnar Liquid Crystals
Authors: Kumar Sandeep
Published: May 2014

Review: 213 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chelation‐Controlled Mukaiyama Aldol Reaction of Chiral α‐ and β‐Alkoxy Aldehydes
Authors: Roiban Gheorghe‐Doru , Ilie Adriana , Reetz Manfred T.
Published: May 2014

Review: [49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinone Derivatives from the Genus Rubia and Their Bioactivities
Authors: Xu Kuo , Wang Penglong , Wang Lin , Liu Congmin , Xu Shixun , Cheng Yatao , Wang Yanhui , Li Qiang , Lei Haimin
Published: May 2014

Review: 112 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Adventures in Ring‐Contraction Reactions
Authors: Silva Luiz F. Jr.
Published: May 2014

Review: 94 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate: A Versatile Tool in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Neochoritis Constantinos G. , Zarganes‐Tzitzikas Tryfon , Stephanidou‐Stephanatou Julia
Published: May 2014

Review: [226 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Modelling Flow‐Induced Crystallization in Polymers
Authors: Graham Richard S.
Published: May 2014

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mixed‐Ligand Catalysts: A Powerful Tool in Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Fan Yuting , Cong Mei , Peng Ling
Published: May 2014

Review: [16 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Organocatalytic Reactions Involving Nitrogen‐Ylides
Authors: Jiang Kun , Chen Ying‐Chun
Published: May 2014

Review: 60 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Organocatalytic Functionalization of α,α‐Disubstituted Aldehydes Through Enamine Activation
Authors: Desmarchelier Alaric , Coeffard Vincent , Moreau Xavier , Greck Christine
Published: May 2014

Review: [89 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: A Gentle Introduction to Magnetism. Units, Fields, Theory, and Experiment
Authors: Landee Christopher P. , Turnbull Mark M.
Published: May 2014

Review: 116 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Thermochemical Model in Kinetics of Heterogeneous Reactions: 100‐Year Jubilee
Authors: L'vov Boris V.
Published: May 2014

Review: 33 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Combined Activation Strain Model and Energy Decomposition Analysis Methods: A New Way to Understand Pericyclic Reactions
Authors: Fernandez Israel
Published: May 2014

Review: 115 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Strategies for the Consolidation of Biologically Mediated Events in the Conversion of Pre‐Treated Lignocellulose into Ethanol
Authors: Bhutto Abdul Waheed , Qureshi Khadija , Harijan Khanji , Zahedi Gholamreza , Bahadori Alireza
Published: May 2014

Review: 141 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Multifunctional Compounds: Smart Molecules for Multifactorial Diseases
Authors: Bansal Yogita , Silakari Om
Published: May 2014

Review: 112 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Charge Carriers in Rechargeable Batteries: Na Ions vs. Li Ions
Authors: Hong Sung You , Kim Youngjin , Park Yuwon , Choi Aram , Choi Nam‐Soon , Lee Kyu Tae
Published: May 2014

Review: 111 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Carbon Dioxide Capture, Fixation, and Activation by Using N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes
Authors: Yang Longhua , Wang Hongming
Published: May 2014

Review: 282 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Role of Mobile Instrumentation in Novel Applications of Raman Spectroscopy: Archaeometry, Geosciences, and Forensics
Authors: Vandenabeele P. , Edwards H. G. M. , Jehlicka J.
Published: May 2014

Review: 184 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Solid‐Phase Capture for the Detection and Relative Quantification of S‐Nitrosoproteins by Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Thompson J. Will , Forrester Michael T. , Moseley M. Arthur , Foster Matthew W.
Published: May 2014

Review: 55 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Analysis of Solution Self‐Assembled Polymeric Nanomaterials
Authors: Patterson Joseph P. , Robin Mathew P. , Chassenieux Christophe , Colombani Olivier , O'Reilly Rachel K.
Published: May 2014

Review: 50 refs.
Modelling wax deposition in oil transport pipelines
Authors: Eskin Dmitry , Ratulowski John , Akbarzadeh Kamran
Published: May 2014

A model of wax deposition in oil‐transport pipelines is developed. An analysis of heat and mass transfer in a turbulent pipe flow is performed. Wax deposition flux is modelled accounting for the temperature dependent wax precipitation kinetics. A deposit layer is considered as a porous medium with a variable porosity that changes as a result of wax molecular diffusion across the deposit layer. Wax solids are assumed to be in a thermodynamic equilibrium with a hydrocarbon fluid across the layer. Wax molecular diffusivity through the porous layer obeys the Archie law. Thermal conductivities of the solid wax and the hydrocarbon fluid, composing the deposit layer, are assumed to be different. The thermal conductivity of the porous material is determined by a correlation for a porous material. A deposit shear‐removal phenomenon is taken into account. An equation of the deposit layer growth is obtained in an analytical form. Model performance is illustrated by calculations of wax deposition in a flow loop. The developed model is computationally expensive for modelling wax deposition in long transport pipelines. A simplified deposition model, based on analysis of numerical results obtained using the full model, is also developed. The simplified model performance is illustrated by numerical calculations of wax deposition in a long oil transport pipeline.
Exponential synchronization for fractional‐order chaotic systems with mixed uncertainties
Authors: Mathiyalagan Kalidass , Park Ju H. , Sakthivel Rathinasamy
Published: May 2014

This article focuses on the problem of exponential synchronization for fractional‐order chaotic systems via a nonfragile controller. A criterion for α‐exponential stability of an error system is obtained using the drive‐response synchronization concept together with the Lyapunov stability theory and linear matrix inequalities approach. The uncertainty in system is considered with polytopic form together with structured form. The sufficient conditions are derived for two kinds of structured uncertainty, namely, (1) norm bounded one and (2) linear fractional transformation one. Finally, numerical examples are presented by taking the fractional‐order chaotic Lorenz system and fractional‐order chaotic Newton–Leipnik system to illustrate the applicability of the obtained theory. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 114–125, 2015
Efficient multi‐hop wireless broadcast protocol in vehicular networks using automated threshold function design
Authors: Slavik Michael , Mahgoub Imad , Alwakeel Mohammed
Published: May 2014

Vehicular networking applications often use multi‐hop wireless broadcasting as a primary data dissemination mechanism. Therefore, protocols that efficiently and thoroughly propagate application data while adapting to a wide range of network density, vehicle distribution pattern, channel quality, and other conditions are critical for vehicular communications. Here, we design the Statistical Vehicular Broadcast (SVB) protocol to efficiently distribute data via multi‐hop broadcast in vehicular networks.

First, we present an automated optimization technique for the design of threshold functions in statistical broadcasting methods. Next, we compare and analyze known statistical techniques, including different fundamental methods, assessment delay algorithms, and failsafe mechanisms. All combinations of these techniques are given threshold functions optimized using the proposed automated procedure then are evaluated in a wide range of simulations. High‐level statistical design principles and recommendations are established based on analysis of these results. Finally, we apply those principles to design SVB. It is evaluated in JiST/SWANS and is shown to achieve a high target reachability level while consuming less bandwidth than similar protocols across urban and highway vehicular networking scenarios.Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of docosahexaenoic acid and furan fatty acids on cytokinesis block micronucleus cytome assay biomarkers in astrocytoma cell lines under conditions of oxidative stress
Authors: Chua Ann , Thomas Philip , Wijesundera Chakra , Clifton Peter , Fenech Michael
Published: May 2014

Fatty acids from fish such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are associated with improved brain function, whereas furan fatty acids (FFAs) also found in fish oil at low levels (1%) are thought to have antioxidant properties. Understanding their effects in astrocytes is important as these cells are responsible for maintaining healthy neurons via lipid homeostasis and distribution within the brain, and their decline with aging is a possible cause of dementia. We investigated the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of DHA and FFA using the cytokinesis‐block micronucleus cytome assay in in vitro cultures of U87MG (APOE ɛ3/ɛ3) and U118MG (APOE ɛ2/ɛ4) astrocytoma cell lines with and without a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 100 µM) challenge. U118MG was found to be more sensitive to the cytostatic, cytotoxic (i.e., apoptosis), and DNA damaging effects [micronuclei (MNi), nucleoplasmic bridges (NPBs), and nuclear buds (NBUDs)] of H2O2 (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001) when compared with U87MG. DHA at 100 µg/mL significantly affected cytostasis (P < 0.05) and increased DNA damage in the form of NPBs and MNi (P < 0.05) in both cell lines, whereas it decreased necrosis (P = 0.0251) in U87MG. Significant DHA–H2O2 interactions were observed for decreased necrosis (P = 0.0033) and DNA damage biomarkers (P < 0.0001) in the U87MG cell line and increased cytostasis (P < 0.0001) in the U118MG cell line. The effects of FFA also varied between the cell lines, with significant effects observed in decreased cytostasis (P = 0.0022) in the U87MG cell line, whereas increasing cytostasis (P = 0.0144) in the U118MG cell line. Overall, FFA exerted minimal effects on DNA damage biomarkers. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 55:573–590, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Amplification of 2p as a genomic marker for transformation in lymphoma
Authors: Kwiecinska Anna , Ichimura Koichi , Berglund Mattias , Dinets Andrii , Sulaiman Luqman , Collins V. Peter , Larsson Catharina , Porwit Anna , Lagercrantz Svetlana Bajalica
Published: May 2014

To outline further genetic mechanisms of transformation from follicular lymphoma (FL) to diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), we have performed whole genome array‐CGH in 81 tumors from 60 patients [29 de novo DLBCL (dnDLBCL), 31 transformed DLBCL (tDLBCL), and 21 antecedent FL]. In 15 patients, paired tumor samples (primary FL and a subsequent tDLBCL) were available, among which three possessed more than two subsequent tumors, allowing us to follow specific genetic alterations acquired before, during, and after the transformation. Gain of 2p15–16.1 encompassing, among others, the REL, BCL11A, USP34, COMMD1, and OTX1 genes was found to be more common in the tDLBCL compared with dnDLBCL (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a high‐level amplification of 2p15–16.1 was also detected in the FL stage prior to transformation, indicating its importance during the transformation event. Quantitative real‐time PCR showed a higher level of amplification of REL, USP34, and COMMD1 (all involved in the NFκΒ‐pathway) compared with BCL11A, which indicates that the altered genes disrupting the NFκΒ pathway may be the driver genes of transformation rather than the previously suggested BCL11A. Moreover, a 17q21.33 amplification was exclusively found in tDLBCL, never in FL (P < 0.04) or dnDLBCL, indicating an upregulation of genes of importance during the later phase of transformation. Taken together, our study demonstrates potential genomic markers for disease progression to clinically more aggressive forms. We also confirm the importance of the TP53‐, CDKN2A‐, and NFκΒ‐pathways for the transformation from FL to DLBCL. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Endocrine disruption effects of p,p′‐DDE on juvenile zebrafish
Authors: Monteiro Marta Sofia , Pavlaki Maria , Faustino Augusto , Rêma Alexandra , Franchi Mariana , Gediel Letícia , Loureiro Susana , Domingues Inês , Rendón von Osten Jaime , Mortágua Velho Maia Soares Amadeu
Published: May 2014

The persistent organic pollutant p,p′‐DDE, the major metabolite of the insecticide DDT, has displayed evidence of endocrine disruption through the inhibition of androgen binding to androgen receptors in different species. Although p,p′‐DDE was continuously detected in wild fish with abnormal gonad development such as intersex, little is known about its mode of action during gonad development in fish. To elucidate the potential endocrine effects of this pollutant in zebrafish (Danio rerio), juveniles (30 days post hatch) were exposed to p,p′‐DDE during the critical window of sexual differentiation. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 20 µg l–1 over 14 days and were maintained in control water for an additional 4 months. As core endpoints, the vitellogenin (vtg) concentration was measured at the end of exposure, and sex ratio and the gonadosomatic index were assessed 4 months after the end of exposure. An increase in vtg production in whole body homogenate was observed in fish exposed to 0.2 and 2.0 µg l–1 p,p′‐DDE. No significant differences were displayed in morphological parameters such as the gonadosomatic index of males and females or sex ratio. However, exposed females presented histopathological changes that include the reduction of the number of mature oocytes, which might impair their successful reproduction. These results demonstrate the ability of p,p′‐DDE to cause endocrine disruption in zebrafish exposed during gonad differentiation of juvenile specimens. Furthermore, vtg induction by p,p′‐DDE in juvenile zebrafish arises as a predictive marker for adverse effects of this DDT metabolite on the ovarian function of female zebrafish. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synergistic cytotoxicity and DNA strand breaks in cells and plasmid DNA exposed to uranyl acetate and ultraviolet radiation
Authors: Wilson Janice , Zuniga Mary C. , Yazzie Filbert , Stearns Diane M.
Published: May 2014

Depleted uranium (DU) has a chemical toxicity that is independent of its radioactivity. The purpose of this study was to explore the photoactivation of uranyl ion by ultraviolet (UV) radiation as a chemical mechanism of uranium genotoxicity. The ability of UVB (302 nm) and UVA (368 nm) radiation to photoactivate uranyl ion to produce single strand breaks was measured in pBR322 plasmid DNA, and the presence of adducts and apurinic/apyrimidinic sites that could be converted to single strand breaks by heat and piperidine was analyzed. Results showed that DNA lesions in plasmid DNA exposed to UVB‐ or UVA‐activated DU were only slightly heat reactive, but were piperidine sensitive. The cytotoxicity of UVB‐activated uranyl ion was measured in repair‐proficient and repair‐deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells and human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. The cytotoxicity of co‐exposures of uranyl ion and UVB radiation was dependent on the order of exposure and was greater than co‐exposures of arsenite and UVB radiation. Uranyl ion and UVB radiation were synergistically cytotoxic in cells, and cells exposed to photoactivated DU required different DNA repair pathways than cells exposed to non‐photoactivated DU. This study contributes to our understanding of the DNA lesions formed by DU, as well as their repair. Results suggest that excitation of uranyl ion by UV radiation can provide a pathway for uranyl ion to be chemically genotoxic in populations with dermal exposures to uranium and UV radiation, which would make skin an overlooked target organ for uranium exposures. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Citrate‐based biphasic scaffolds for the repair of large segmental bone defects
Authors: Guo Ying , Tran Richard T. , Xie Denghui , Wang Yuchen , Nguyen Dianna Y. , Gerhard Ethan , Guo Jinshan , Tang Jiajun , Zhang Zhongming , Bai Xiaochun , Yang Jian
Published: May 2014

Attempts to replicate native tissue architecture have led to the design of biomimetic scaffolds focused on improving functionality. In this study, biomimetic citrate‐based poly (octanediol citrate)‐click‐hydroxyapatite (POC‐Click‐HA) scaffolds were developed to simultaneously replicate the compositional and architectural properties of native bone tissue while providing immediate structural support for large segmental defects following implantation. Biphasic scaffolds were fabricated with 70% internal phase porosity and various external phase porosities (between 5 and 50%) to mimic the bimodal distribution of cancellous and cortical bone, respectively. Biphasic POC‐Click‐HA scaffolds displayed compressive strengths up to 37.45 ± 3.83 MPa, which could be controlled through the external phase porosity. The biphasic scaffolds were also evaluated in vivo for the repair of 10‐mm long segmental radial defects in rabbits and compared to scaffolds of uniform porosity as well as autologous bone grafts after 5, 10, and 15 weeks of implantation. The results showed that all POC‐Click‐HA scaffolds exhibited good biocompatibility and extensive osteointegration with host bone tissue. Biphasic scaffolds significantly enhanced new bone formation with higher bone densities in the initial stages after implantation. Biomechanical and histomorphometric analysis supported a similar outcome with biphasic scaffolds providing increased compression strength, interfacial bone ingrowth, and periosteal remodeling in early time points, but were comparable to all experimental groups after 15 weeks. These results confirm the ability of biphasic scaffold architectures to restore bone tissue and physiological functions in the early stages of recovery, and the potential of citrate‐based biomaterials in orthopedic applications. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 772–781, 2015.
Delivery of alginate‐chitosan hydrogel promotes endogenous repair and preserves cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction
Authors: Deng Biyong , Shen Li , Wu Yizhe , Shen Yunli , Ding Xuefeng , Lu Shuyang , Jia Jianguo , Qian Juying , Ge Junbo
Published: May 2014

The regenerative potential of alginate‐chitosan composite in bone and cartilage tissue has been well documented, but its potential utility in cardiac tissue engineering has remained unknown. This study sought to determine whether early intramyocardial injection of alginate‐chitosan could prevent left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), leading to a more favorable course of tissue restoration. In a rat model of acute MI, local injection of alginate‐chitosan hydrogel into the peri‐infarct zone preserved scar thickness, attenuated infarct expansion, and reduced scar fibrosis after 8 weeks, concomitantly with promoting increased angiogenesis and greater recruitment of endogenous repair at the infarct zone. Furthermore, this treatment prevented cell apoptosis, induced cardiomyocyte cell cycle re‐entry. The cardiac function of the control‐injected animals deteriorated over the 8‐week course, while that of the hydrogel‐injected animals did not.In addition, the hydrogel did not exacerbate inflammation in the heart. Intramyocardial injection of alginate‐chitosan hydrogel represents a useful strategy to treat MI. It demonstrated marked therapeutic efficacies on various tissue levels after extensive MI, as well as potential to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte proliferation and recruit cardiac stem cells. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 907–918, 2015.
Benefits and challenges of starting a new therapeutic apheresis service in a resource‐constrained setting
Authors: Arogundade Fatiu A. , Sanusi Abubakr A. , Oguntola Stephen O. , Omotoso Bolanle A. , Abdel‐Rahman Emaad M. , Akinsola Adewale , Balogun Rasheed A.
Published: May 2014

Therapeutic apheresis (TA) refers to a group of extracorporeal blood treatment modalities with clinical indications for which the clinicians' knowledge, availability and applicability vary widely worldwide. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), the most common TA technique, is neither readily available nor affordable in many parts of Africa. This article focuses on the challenges of starting a TPE program in a resource‐constrained economy and the result of a survey of Nigerian nephrology professionals on TPE. A critical appraisal of published manuscripts from Nigeria on TA was undertaken to assess uses, methods, and challenges encountered followed by a survey of the perceptions of Nigerian nephrology professionals on TPE. Survey results: 56.7% of respondents had very little or no knowledge of TPE; 40.5% moderate and only 2.7% admitting to having a good knowledge. Only 18.9% of respondents have ever participated or observed a TPE procedure with the remaining 81.1% not having any exposure to the procedure. A vast majority of the respondents 97.3% felt they needed better exposure and training in TPE and its applications. Among consultants, 56% had little knowledge, 88% had never participated or observed the TPE procedure, and 94% felt they needed better exposure and training. There is significant limitation in accessibility, availability, and use of TPE in Nigeria; knowledge of TPE and its applications is minimal among nephrology professionals. Efforts should be concentrated on improving the knowledge and availability of TPE in resource‐constrained economy like Nigeria. Centers that would be able to manage cases requiring TA should be developed. J. Clin. Apheresis 29:194–198, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Platelet Parameters in Healthy and Pathological Pregnancy
Authors: Maconi Mariacaterina , Cardaropoli Simona , Cenci A.M.
Published: May 2014

Changes in platelet count (PLT) are very important during pregnancy. Many platelet disorders occur during pregnancy and a reduction in PLT is the most common hemostasis abnormality identified, and this has important implications for mother and foetus. Many of these disorders share clinical and laboratory features, making accurate diagnosis difficult. The aim of this study was to establish reference intervals of platelet parameters for some of the more important pathologies associated to pregnancy (pre‐eclampsia, gestational diabetes, autoimmune disorders, viral infections) using the automated hematology analyzer Sysmex XE‐2100 and to evaluate the difference between healthy and pathological pregnancy. We enrolled in our study 100 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. The parameters analyzed included PLT, platelet distribution width, and mean platelet volume (MPV). We found statistically significant difference in PLT in pre‐eclampsia, autoimmune disorders, and viral infections. Our results demonstrated also a statistically significant difference in MPV in pre‐eclampsia and gestational diabetes. Our results allow the clinicians to detect hematologic change by simple complete blood count useful for the management of the pathological pregnancies. In conclusion, the overall picture of platelet disorders is extremely variegated, leading to numerous diagnostic and therapeutic problems whose solutions require close collaboration between clinicians and laboratory specialists.
Lectin‐Based Estimation of Glycated Hemoglobin in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Basu Pranab S. , Chatterji Sudip , Batabyal Sandip K.
Published: May 2014

This study was undertaken to distinguish between normal and diabetic subjects by lectin–glycated hemoglobin interaction. The quantitative precipitin method was performed for the interaction between glucose‐specific lectin Concanavalin A (Con A) and the glucose‐containing RBC‐lysate for the estimation of calculated HbA1c% from a standard curve. The standard curve was prepared by plotting the optical density of the precipitin for the interaction of standard HbA1c concentration with Con A against HbA1c reference standard. The absorbance range of the precipitate was 0.14–0.20 in normal subjects and the corresponding calculated HbA1c% along with plasma glucose (mg/dl) levels was 4.1–5.8% and 82–101 mg/dl respectively. Higher absorbance values, 0.22–0.42, were obtained in diabetic patients when the calculated HbA1c% was 6.3–12.2% and plasma glucose level was 120–292 mg/dl. Almost similar results were observed for HbA1c% (6.1–11.9%) of the same diabetic samples measured by conventional ion‐exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Excellent correlation coefficients of the two methods from regression analysis graph for normal (r = 0.98) and diabetic patients (r = 0.99) were observed. Furthermore, nondiabetic and diabetic hemoglobin variant subjects showed similar HbA1c% by our lectin‐based assay when compared with standard HPLC method. We conclude that this lectin‐based assay may be adopted to estimate glycated hemoglobin level in differentiating between normal and diabetic patients. This assay offers a good correlation with standard HPLC method. Moreover; the method is convenient, cheap, and needs no sophisticated instruments.
Lack of meaningful effect of ridaforolimus on the pharmacokinetics of midazolam in cancer patients: Model prediction and clinical confirmation
Authors: Stroh Mark , Talaty Jennifer , Sandhu Punam , McCrea Jacqueline , Patnaik Amita , Tolcher Anthony , Palcza John , Orford Keith , Breidinger Sheila , Narasimhan Narayana , Panebianco Deborah , Lush Richard , Papadopoulos Kyriakos P. , Wagner John A. , Trucksis Michele , Agrawal Nancy
Published: May 2014

Ridaforolimus, a unique non‐prodrug analog of rapamycin, is a potent inhibitor of mTOR under development for cancer treatment. In vitro data suggest ridaforolimus is a reversible and time‐dependent inhibitor of CYP3A. A model‐based evaluation suggested an increase in midazolam area under the curve (AUC0–∞) of between 1.13‐ and 1.25‐fold in the presence of therapeutic concentrations of ridaforolimus. The pharmacokinetic interaction between multiple oral doses of ridaforolimus and a single oral dose of midazolam was evaluated in an open‐label, fixed‐sequence study, in which cancer patients received a single oral dose of 2 mg midazolam followed by 5 consecutive daily single oral doses of 40 mg ridaforolimus with a single dose of 2 mg midazolam with the fifth ridaforolimus dose. Changes in midazolam exposure were minimal [geometric mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals: 1.23 (1.07, 1.40) for AUC0–∞ and 0.92 (0.82, 1.03) for maximum concentrations (Cmax), respectively]. Consistent with model predictions, ridaforolimus had no clinically important effect on midazolam pharmacokinetics and is not anticipated to be a perpetrator of drug–drug interactions (DDIs) when coadministered with CYP3A substrates. Model‐based approaches can provide reasonable estimates of DDI liability, potentially obviating the need to conduct dedicated DDI studies especially in challenging populations like cancer patients.
Raman analysis of multilayer automotive paints in forensic science: measurement variability and depth profile
Authors: Lambert Danny , Muehlethaler Cyril , Gueissaz Line , Massonnet Geneviève
Published: May 2014

The aim of this work is to study the influence of several analytical parameters on the variability of Raman spectra of paint samples. In the present study, microtome thin section and direct (no preparation) analysis are considered as sample preparation. In order to evaluate their influence on the measures, an experimental design such as ‘fractional full factorial’ with seven factors (including the sampling process) is applied, for a total of 32 experiments representing 160 measures. Once the influence of sample preparation highlighted, a depth profile of a paint sample is carried out by changing the focusing plane in order to measure the colored layer under a clearcoat. This is undertaken in order to avoid sample preparation such a microtome sectioning. Finally, chemometric treatments such as principal component analysis are applied to the resulting spectra. The findings of this study indicate the importance of sample preparation, or more specifically, the surface roughness, on the variability of the measurements on a same sample. Moreover, the depth profile experiment highlights the influence of the refractive index of the upper layer (clearcoat) when measuring through a transparent layer. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consumer Intentions to Revisit Online Retailers: A Mental Imagery Account
Authors: Argyriou Evmorfia
Published: May 2014

The current research explores the role of Web site characteristics, such as animation and iconic navigation aids, in predicting consumers’ self‐reported intentions to revisit a retailer's Web site. An experimental study (n= 339) shows that Web site characteristics do not affect revisit intentions directly but through the vividness of mental images that consumers hold of the Web site as a whole. Vivid mental Web site imagery is stimulated by animation and facilitated by individual tendencies to put faith in intuitive rather than rational thinking, while it does not relate to the use of icons in navigation. The implications of these findings for researchers, Web designers and marketers are discussed.
When Satisfied Consumers Do Not Return: Variety Seeking's Effect on Short‐ and Long‐Term Intentions
Authors: Sánchez‐García Isabel , Pieters Rik , Zeelenberg Marcel , Bigné Enrique
Published: May 2014

Even satisfied consumers frequently do not come back, which challenges loyalty theory and marketing practice. It is reasoned that variety‐seeking tendencies will significantly affect short‐term revisit intentions, whereas satisfaction and regret will mostly determine long‐term revisit intentions. Thus, the influence of satisfaction on loyalty is hypothesized to be critically dependent on the time perspective of the intentions, now or later, and variety seeking. A representative survey (N = 400) in eight Spanish cities supported these predictions. Multivariate moderated‐mediation analyses revealed that indeed the influence of satisfaction, regret, and variety seeking critically depends on the time perspective of the behavioral intentions.