bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Health Education of Anemia in Relation with Knowledge of First-Trimester Pregnant Women in PMB Putu Mastiningsih, Abiansemal
Authors: Ayu Pramita Aswitami Ni Gusti , Mirah Yunita Udayani Ni Putu
Published: June 2019

Anemia in pregnancy is the condition in which the level of mother’s hemoglobin is less than 12 gr/dL (Winkjosastro, 2002). According to WHO’s data, the maternal death in developing countries accounts for 40% related to anemia state in pregnancy. Most of the case is caused by iron deficiency and acute bleeding. Prevention of anemia can be done by giving the iron supplement tablets. However, by giving iron tablets alone, is not enough if pregnant women do not have any compliance about how to take it on. Maternal knowledge is known as the influence of that compliance. In order to increase their knowledge about anemia, providing the health education is a pivotal role. Health education in pregnancy care is an effort to influence other people, whether individuals, groups, or communities so that they do what is expected of education actors.
Neurological rehabilitation inpatients frequently receive orthotic care: A retrospective cohort study.
Authors: Young Joshua , Moss Cameron
Published: June 2019

Aim:Orthotic management is frequently part of the rehabilitation of various neurological conditions in adults such as stroke, peripheral neuropathies, spinal cord injuries and multiple sclerosis. Despite this, there is limited data available on the implementation of orthotic care in practice. The primary aim of this study is to establish the proportion of inpatients in a mixed neurorehabilitation cohort which receive orthotic assessment and treatment. The secondary aim was to document the overall care pathway.Method:Existing data was reviewed retrospectively. Data gathered included patient demographics such as age, gender and diagnosis, type of orthoses prescribed, number of orthotic treatment sessions required and outcome measures used. The paper was prepared in accordance with the STROBEstatement for observational studies.Results:During a 6 month period, 54 patients were admitted as inpatients for neurorehabilitation. Of these 25 (46%) were referred to the orthotic service for assessment, with 23 (43%) receiving a lower limb orthosis and 19 (35%) subsequently being discharged using either an ankle-foot orthosis or knee-ankle-foot orthosis. The conditions most commonly seen in orthotic clinic were stroke (40%),Incomplete spinal cord injuries (28%) and peripheral neuropathies (16%). Significant improvements were recorded at discharge using the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Functional Assessment Measure (FAM). Various aspects of the orthotic care process are described.Conclusion:This study suggests that orthotic treatment is needed with high frequency in a mixed inpatient neurorehabilitation cohort. In terms of service planning, this data supports existing the recommendation that neurological rehabilitation centres should have good access to orthoticservices.
Panduan Mini Manajemen SDM yang Esensial
Authors: Rochmah Widji Lailatur
Published: June 2019

Panduan Mini Manajemen SDM yang Esensial berisi tips berupa Kompartementalisasi, Berkomunikasi secara teratur, Menciptakan Organisasi yang Egaliter, Pelajari Bagaimana Bisnis Beroperasi untuk Melihat Gambaran yang Lebih Besar
KASUS PENGEROYOKAN SISWA SMPN 17 PONTIANAK KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Desi Sesilia
Published: June 2019

Audrey adalah seorang sisaw SMPN 17 Pontianak yang pada saat itu telah dikeroyok oleh mahasiswa SMA yang berjumlah 12 orang namun kejadianya itu sangat mengerikan. siswa SMA telah melakukan pengeroyokan terhadap Audrey yang dikatakan masih beranjak siswa SMP, pengadilan negri pontianak mengelar mediasi atas kasus peganiyaan. Dalam kisah pengeroyokan seorang sisaw SMP ini tidak adanya usur kemanusiaan yang beretika baik seorang yang tyang beretika baik seorang yang memiliki ilmu tentang apa yang baik dan apa yang buruk kumpulan asa atau nilai kehidupan dengan akhlak yang tentunya baik dan usur kemanusian yang bermoral sehingga menimbulakn tindakan manusia yang sangat buruk terhadap sesama manusia bertindak dengan akal budinya sendiri tanpa mementingkan orang lain, sebuah hukuman yang mereka terima mungkin setimpal dengan apa yang mereka lakukan terhadap sikorban Audrey selama 3,5 tahun. Tindakan seorang manusis yang kurang baik mencetuskan dirinya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari selain yang paling umum, tindakan manusia juga merupakan representasi dirinya yang paling lengkap dengan tindakanya manusia menghadirakan dirinya secara memesonakan. Dan di Indonesia telah ditetapan nya Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 35 Tahun 2004 tentang perlindungan anak-anak, bahwa Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia menjamin kesejahteran setiap warga negaranya,termasuk perlindungan terhadap anak yang merupakan hak asasi manusia.
Beyond Training: Law Librarianship's Quest for the Pedagogy of Legal Research Education
Authors: Callister Paul Douglas
Published: June 2019

The paper (I) outlines the nature and extent of the dissatisfaction with legal research instruction and demonstrates that the problem predates computer-assisted legal research, (II) presents the history of the debate (focusing on a heated exchange between advocates of a "process-oriented" approach and proponents of the traditional, "bibliographic" methods), and (III) presents the requisite elements of a satisfactory pedagogical model, discussing various issues surrounding each of these elements.In part III, the paper proposes that a complete pedagogical model requires (A) an identifiable and fully understood objective in teaching legal research (which objective must distinguish between the kinds of research done by attorneys, scholars, and librarians), (B) a theory and understanding of the nature of legal source materials, (C) a theory of mathetics, or the nature of students and how they learn (with emphasis upon the provision of conceptual models for internalizing research techniques), and (D) a methodology consistent with the previous elements. Besides proposing the elements of the pedagogical model, this paper will explore the subtle issues surrounding each element (including examples of frameworks selected by the author), concluding that an appropriate pedagogical model has to be designed based upon the particular circumstances and needs of each law school.
Progesterone in Women with Bleeding in Early Pregnancy: Absence of Evidence, Not Evidence of Absence
Authors: Gronau Quentin Frederik , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan
Published: June 2019

A recent trial assessed the effectiveness of progesterone in preventing miscarriages. The number of live births was 74.7% (1513/2025) in the progesterone group and 72.5% (1459/2013) in the placebo group (p=.08). The authors concluded: "The incidence of adverse events did not differ significantly between the groups." This conclusion leaves unaddressed the degree to which the data undercut or support the progesterone hypothesis. To quantify such evidence we conducted Bayesian logistic regression. The results show that the data neither undercut nor support the progesterone hypothesis in compelling fashion.
Departheid
Authors: Kalir Barak
Published: June 2019

This article proposes the term Departheid to capture the systemic oppression and spatial management of illegalized migrants in Western liberal states. As a concept, Departheid aims to move beyond the instrumentality of illegalizing migration in order to comprehend the tenacity with which oppressive measures are implemented even in the face of accumulating evidence for their futility in managing migration flows and the harm they cause to millions of people. The article highlights continuities between present oppressive migration regimes and past colonial configurations for controlling the mobility of what Hannah Arendt has called “subject races.” By drawing on similarities with Apartheid as a governing ideology based on racialization, segregation, and deportation, I argue that Departheid, too, is animated by a sense of moral superiority that is rooted in a fantasy of White supremacy.
Nurturing Romanian Socialists
Authors: Szakács-Behling Simona , Rusu Mihai Stelian
Published: June 2019

Drawing on a sample of children’s reading primers published between
1938 and 1953 in Romania, this article explores ways in which both the monarchic and the communist regimes used primary education to fashion political subjects before, during, and after the Second World War. Theoretically grounded in a sociological approach and empirically grounded in textual and visual thematic content analysis, the findings reveal significant semantic shifts in understandings of the “nation” in relation to internal and external anchors, including religion, monarchy, and work, but they also indicate important continuities relating to an ethos of political submission (toward God and king, or the party and the Soviet Union) and patriotic solidarity (with the Romanian Orthodox nation or the workers’ proletarian nation).
The demand for older workers and age discrimination: International experience and Russian realities
Authors: Ivanova Maria A.
Published: June 2019

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the demand for older workers and age discrimination in the Russian labor market. The recent pension reform has brought widespread attention to these issues. Macroeconomic analysis showed that, despite the growth in the retirement age population and the increase in their presence in the labor market over the past decade, the demand for older workers has still been limited. One of the reasons for this situation is the relatively high age discrimination both in society and in the Russian labor market. Given this circumstance, raising retirement age should be accompanied by demandside efforts such as improving age discrimination legislation and age-friendly employment policy. The analysis of extensive international experience allows us to develop recommendations that will help smooth out negative effects of raising retirement age for certain categories of workers.
Prospects of Using Big Data Technologies in Nuclear Energy of Ukraine
Authors: Yastrebenetskyi M. , Dybach O.
Published: June 2019

Big data is a term used for a wide variety of large data that require high processing speed. Big data handling includes not only the data, but also data collection, transmission, storage, processing (conversion, calculation, analysis), visualization and use of information in various areas of human activities. The emergence of Big data is one of the steps to digitizing all information used in different spheres.

In recent years, Big data are used in foreign countries in a number of industries, including nuclear energy. It can be assumed that the Big data use in the coming years may become the next revolutionary introduction of digital technologies for NPPs. The paper provides examples of using the Big data in various countries to create new units and improve operating units.

The areas of Big data use in the operation of Ukrainian NPPs are as follows:

-   in intended creation of an industrial system for technical diagnostics of systems, structures and components of NPPs;

-   for improving activities on long-term operation of power units;

-   for improving safety becouse of using of information based on Big data: structured information on equipment failures and incidents at different NPPs stored in international and national databases; information obtained from drones, in particular in post-accident monitoring, etc.
Experimental Research of Electromagnetic Field Influence on Digital Temperature Sensors with Single-Wire Lines to Study Possibility of Their Use in NPP Control Systems
Authors: Bykovsky Yu. , Levchenko V. , Pogosov O.
Published: June 2019

Issues related to the introduction of new control technologies and temperature monitoring at NPPs are being considered, since NPP longterm operation depends on the reliability of process control means. It is promising to build instrumentation and control complexes using one-wire technologies, since the operation information removal and transmission means should be carried out under the conditions of spatial constraints on the location of cabling. One-wire technologies make it easy to build a measurement network of the most complex topology. It is proposed to use DS18B20 universal digital primary measuring transducers as NPP testing equipment. In this regard, scientific and technical interest is a new approach to the measurement of temperature fields based on 1-Wire technology.

It was proposed to use UR-1 demagnetizer as a source of a variable electromagnetic field imitating NPP equipment operating conditions. The paper also presents a study for visualization of the generated electromagnetic fields. A Hall sensor is used for measuring the fields under consideration.

The proposed method can be used to conduct other similar studies to assess the response of temperature sensors (or other digital sensors) to an external magnetic field. A visualization method is used to evaluate the informational function and a conclusion is made about the applicability of such sensors in the systems of metrological control and monitoring of NPP auxiliary equipment.
Problematic Issues Regarding the Quantity and Properties of Vitrified High-Level Waste Returning to Ukraine
Authors: Olkhovyk Yu.
Published: June 2019

Safety justification of long-term storage and further disposal of vitrified high-level waste returning to Ukraine shall be based on reliable information about their physical and chemical characteristics, which include not only the radionuclide composition, but also the estimated evolution of Na-Al-P glass properties in the conditions of potential longterm effect of unfavorable factors. The paper indicates an inconsistency of dose coefficients, which according to the Energoatom standards shall be used to calculate the amount of high-level waste returning to Ukraine after storage and processing of VVER-440 spent nuclear fuel, with the regulatory requirements of the country supplying vitrified high-level waste. The quantitative assessment of transuranium radionuclides and technetium 99 entering the glass matrix also requires a critical review. The research considered the possibility of uncertainty related to the structural homogeneity of a glass matrix due to the underestimation of cracking and crystallization processes that occur in the package in sodium-aluminophosphate glass cooling. The presence of a large number of rare-earth oxides in sodium-aluminophosphate glass contributes to its crystallization in slow cooling with monazite formation. These phenomena can lead to a partial conversion of amorphous glass into a crystalline phase accompanied by 1-2 order increase in the velocity of leaching of elements. When developing technical requirements for vitrified high-level waste returning to Ukraine, it is necessary to insist on the provision of experimentally determined parameters of the structural homogeneity of glass blocks. There is a need for obtaining experimentally defined parameters of radiation resistance of a sodium-aluminophosphate matrix under the influence of a dose that can be accumulated over a period of 100 years using accelerated self-radiation methods.
Komunikacja sponsoringowa w Polsce podczas piłkarskich Mistrzostw Świata w 2018 roku
Authors: Kończak Jarosław
Published: June 2019

Artykuł zawiera analizę komunikacji firm związanych z Mistrzostwami Świata w Piłce Nożnej Rosja 2018. Cel: Zdefiniowanie najczęstszych motywów, emocji do jakich sięgają sponsorzy i reklamodawcy w Polsce oraz wpływu komunikacji sponsoringowej na kibiców. Metody badań: Badania ilościowe sponsorów sportu w Polsce, badania jakościowe osób funkcjonujących od wielu lat w sporcie i sponsoringu sportowym oraz analiza własna komunikacji wybranych marek. Wyniki i wnioski: Polacy nie znają sponsorów najważniejszej dla nich i najpopularniejszej w kraju reprezentacji. Powodem jest m.in. schematyczna komunikacja firm, od wielu lat oparta o podobne i przewidywalne koncepty kreatywne, utarte schematy, nie rodzące większych emocji i nie porywające fanów. Dlatego Mundial 2018 był czasem zmarnowanych możliwości dotarcia do kibiców i zdystansowania konkurencji. Marketingowy potencjał reprezentacji piłkarskiej nie został wystarczająco wykorzystany. Wartość poznawcza: Obraz komunikacji sponsoringowej firm i jej odbioru przez kibiców podczas największej piłkarskiej imprezy świata.
A formação inicial de futuros professores de matemática sob a perspectiva da resolução de problemas
Authors: Costa Manoel Dos Santos , Allevato Norma Suely Gomes
Published: June 2019

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta parte de uma pesquisa realizada com alunos em formação inicial de professores. O estudo é qualitativo e apresenta reflexões dos licenciandos referentes à possibilidade de trabalhar com a resolução de problemas enquanto metodologia de ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática. Nessa forma de trabalho, a construção de conhecimento se faz a partir de problemas (geradores), propostos como ponto de partida e orientação para o ensino e a aprendizagem de novos conceitos e/ou conteúdos. Os licenciandos perceberam que ela permite ao aluno vivenciar a construção de seu próprio conhecimento e aprender com profundidade as ideias matemáticas. Contudo, para isso o futuro professor precisa vivenciá-la para compreender a dinâmica do trabalho e perceber as conexões entre os conceitos. Dessa forma, será capaz de relacioná-los a diferentes tipos de problemas e, particularmente, ao cotidiano dos alunos.Palavras-chave: Educação Matemática; Resolução de Problemas; Formação Inicial. Initial education of future mathematics teachers from the perspective of problem solvingAbstract: The present paper shows part of a research conducted with students of initial teacher education. The study has a qualitative approach and reveals students’ reflections concerning the possibility of working with problem solving as a teaching and learning methodology in Mathematics. In that kind of work, knowledge is built from problems (generators) proposed as starting point and orientation for teaching and learning new concepts and/or contents. The initial education students realized that it allows the student to experience the construction of their own knowledge and to learn the mathematical ideas in depth. However, to that end, the future teachers must experience it to understand the work dynamics and see the connections between the concepts. Thus, they will be able to relate them to different kinds of problems and, particularly, to students’ daily lives.Keywords: Mathematics Education; Problem Solving; Initial Education.
Военная доктрина как научно-теоретическая основа совершенствования гражданской обороны
Authors: Карпиленя Николай , Булва Александр
Published: June 2019

Исследованы место и роль гражданской обороны в структуре национальной безопасности Республики Беларусь. Показано, что в соответствии с национальным законодательством гражданская оборона выполняет обеспечивающую функцию для военной безопасности страны, является составной частью оборонных мероприятий. Учитывая, что систему официально принятых в Беларуси взглядов на обеспечение военной безопасности определяет военная доктрина, исследован вопрос о наличии эволюционной связи между изменениями, происходящими в системе гражданской обороны, ее роли и месте в постсоветское время, и развитием положений, устанавливающих направление военного строительства, подготовку государства и вооруженных сил к войне, способам и формам ее ведения. Показано, что эта связь на протяжении постсоветского этапа истории страны практически отсутствовала либо была номинальной, а в развитии гражданской обороны главенствующую роль играла система защиты от чрезвычайных ситуаций мирного времени, что может привести к серьезным ошибкам в планировании, организации и исполнении мероприятий именно гражданской обороны как элемента военной безопасности страны. Авторы пришли к выводу, что источником правовых отношений и научно-теоретической основы совершенствования гражданской обороны должны быть положения военной доктрины.
Подготовка мероприятий гражданской обороны на основе анализа распределений прогнозных показателей возможной обстановки
Authors: Шамукова Наталья , Бордак Сергей
Published: June 2019

Излагается методический подход по формированию исходных данных, необходимых для планирования мероприятий гражданской обороны района (города). Для прогнозирования возможной обстановки, которая может сложиться при применении средств поражения, предлагается проводить анализ с использованием функций распределения случайных величин. Приводится последовательность проверки на адекватность выбранной функции для описания прогнозных показателей обстановки и расчета их суммарных численных значений. Представлены результаты, полученные в ходе вычислительного эксперимента, даны практические рекомендации по их применению. Охарактеризованы возможные направления дальнейших исследований в рассматриваемой области.
Методика определения критически важных объектов инфраструктуры обеспечения жизнедеятельности населения
Authors: Кирдун Алексей , Назин Анатолий , Кулешов Юрий
Published: June 2019

Предложена методика определения критически важных объектов инфраструктуры обеспечения жизнедеятельности населения, основанная на методе анализа иерархий и экспертных оценок.
Modulation of Iris Sphincter and Ciliary Muscles by Urocortin 2
Authors: TAVARES-SILVA M. , FERREIRA D. , CARDOSO S. , RAIMUNDO A. R. , BARBOSA-BREDA J. , LEITE-MOREIRA A. , ROCHA-SOUSA A.
Published: June 2019

Urocortin 2 (UCN2) is a peptide related to corticotropin-releasing factor, capable of activating CRF-R2. Among its multisystemic effects, it has actions in all 3 muscle subtypes. This study’s aim was to determine its potential role in two of the intrinsic eye muscle kinetics. Strips of iris sphincter (rabbit) and ciliary (bovine) muscles were dissected and mounted in isometric force-transducer systems filled with aerated-solutions. Contraction was elicited using carbachol (10-6 M for iris sphincter, 10-5 M for ciliary muscle), prior adding to all testing substances. UCN2 induced relaxation in iris sphincter muscle, being the effect maximal at 10-7 M concentrations (-12.2 % variation vs. control). This effect was abolished with incubation of indomethacin, antisauvagine-30, chelerytrine and SQ22536, but preserved with L-nitro-L-arginine. In carbachol pre-stimulated ciliary muscle, UCN2 (10-5 M) enhanced contraction (maximal effect of 18.2 % increase vs. control). UCN2 is a new modulator of iris sphincter relaxation, dependent of CRF-R2 activation, synthesis of prostaglandins (COX pathway) and both adenylate cyclase and PKC signaling pathways, but independent of nitric oxide production. Regarding ciliary muscle, UCN2 enhances carbachol-induced contraction, in higher doses.
Transcription Regulators and Hormones Involved in the Development of Brown Fat and White Fat Browning: Transcriptional and Hormonal Control of Brown/Beige Fat Development
Authors: ZHANG J. , WU H. , MA S. , JING F. , YU C. , GAO L. , ZHAO J.
Published: June 2019

The high prevalence of obesity and related metabolic complications has inspired research on adipose tissues. Three kinds of adipose tissues are identified in mammals: brown adipose tissue (BAT), beige or brite adipose tissue and white adipose tissue (WAT). Beige adipocytes share some characteristics with brown adipocytes such as the expression of UCP1. Beige adipocytes can be activated by environmental stimuli or pharmacological treatment, and this change is accompanied by an increase in energy consumption. This process is called white browning, and it facilitates the maintenance of a lean and healthy phenotype. Thus, promoting beige adipocyte development in WAT shows promise as a new strategy in treating obesity and related metabolic consequences. In this review, we summarized the current understanding of the regulators and hormones that participate in the development of brown fat and white fat browning.
A Blood Pact: the Significance and Implications of eIF4E on Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: VENTURI V. , MASEK T. , POSPISEK M.
Published: June 2019

Elevated levels of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) are implicated in neoplasia, with cumulative evidence pointing to its role in the etiopathogenesis of hematological diseases. As a node of convergence for several oncogenic signaling pathways, eIF4E has attracted a great deal of interest from biologists and clinicians whose efforts have been targeting this translation factor and its biological circuits in the battle against leukemia. The role of eIF4E in myeloid leukemia has been ascertained and drugs targeting its functions have found their place in clinical trials. Little is known, however, about the pertinence of eIF4E to the biology of lymphocytic leukemia and a paucity of literature is available in this regard that prospectively evaluates the topic to guide practice in hematological cancer. A comprehensive analysis on the significance of eIF4E translation factor in the clinical picture of leukemia arises, therefore, as a compelling need. This review presents aspects of eIF4E involvement in the realm of the lymphoblastic leukemia status; translational control of immunological function via eIF4E and the state-of-the-art in drugs will also be outlined.
Inoculation and N Fertilization Affect the Dry Matter, N Fixation, and Bioactive Compounds in Sulla Leaves
Authors: Sulas Leonardo , Campesi Giuseppe , Piluzza Giovanna , Re Giovanni A. , Deligios Paola A. , Ledda Luigi , Canu Simone
Published: June 2019

Sulla (Sulla coronaria [L.] Medik), a Mediterranean short-lived legume with tolerance to drought-prone environments, requires inoculation outside its natural habitat. Its leaves are appreciated for the bromatological composition and content of bioactive compounds. However, no information is available regarding the distinct effects of inoculation and nitrogen (N) applications on leaf dry matter (DM), fixed N, and bioactive compounds. Sulla leaves were sampled from the vegetative stage to seed set in Sardinia (Italy) during 2013–2014 and leaf DM, N content, and fixed N were determined. Compared to the best performing inoculated treatments, DM yield and fixed N values of the control only represented 8% to 20% and 2% to 9%, respectively. A significant relationship between fixed N and leaf DM yield was established, reaching 30 kg fixed N t–1 at seed set. Significant variations in leaf atom% 15N excess and %Ndfa quantified decreases in leaf N fixation coupled with N application. Moreover, the petiole content of phenolic compounds markedly increased in the uninoculated control, suggesting deeper investigations on the relationship between bioactive compounds and inoculation treatments. Results highlighted substantial variation in DM, N yields, N-fixation ability, and content of bioactive compounds of sulla leaves caused by inoculation and N fertilization.
Iron Biofortification of Red and Green Pigmented Lettuce in Closed Soilless Cultivation Impacts Crop Performance and Modulates Mineral and Bioactive Composition
Authors: Giordano Maria , El-Nakhel Christophe , Pannico Antonio , Kyriacou Marios C. , Stazi Silvia Rita , De Pascale Stefania , Rouphael Youssef
Published: June 2019

Consumer demand for vegetables of fortified mineral and bioactive content is on the rise, driven by the growing interest of society in fresh products of premium nutritional and functional quality. Biofortification of leafy vegetables with essential micronutrients such as iron (Fe) is an efficient means to address the human micronutrient deficiency known as hidden hunger. Morphometric analysis, lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant capacities of green and red butterhead lettuce cultivars in response to Fe concentration in the nutrient solution (0.015 control, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mM Fe) were assessed. The experiment was carried out in a controlled-environment growth chamber using a closed soilless system (nutrient film technique). The percentage of yield reduction in comparison to the control treatment was 5.7%, 13.5% and 25.3% at 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mM Fe, respectively. Irrespective of the cultivar, the addition of 1.0 mM or 2.0 mM Fe in the nutrient solution induced an increase in the Fe concentration of lettuce leaves by 20.5% and 53.7%, respectively. No significant effects of Fe application on phenolic acids and carotenoid profiles were observed in green Salanova. Increasing Fe concentration in the nutrient solution to 0.5 mM triggered a spike in chlorogenic acid and total phenolics in red Salanova lettuce by 110.1% and 29.1% compared with the control treatment, respectively; moreover, higher accumulation of caffeoyl meso tartaric phenolic acid by 31.4% at 1.0 mM Fe and of carotenoids violaxanthin, neoxanthin and β-carotene by 37.0% at 2.0 mM Fe were also observed in red Salanova compared with the control (0.015 mM Fe) treatment. Red Salanova exhibited higher yield, P and K contents, ascorbic acid, phenolic acids and carotenoid compounds than green Salanova. The wok shows how nutrient solution management in soilless culture could serve as effective cultural practices for producing Fe-enriched lettuce of premium quality, notwithstanding cultivar selection being a critical underlying factor for obtaining high quality products.
Mycorrhizal Root Exudates Induce Changes in the Growth and Fumonisin Gene (FUM1) Expression of Fusarium proliferatum
Authors: Mayer Zoltán , Juhász Ákos , Posta Katalin
Published: June 2019

In this study, root exudates from mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants growing at low or high nutrient supply were used in vitro to examine their effects on the growth and fumonisin B1 gene (FUM1) expression of Fusarium proliferatum (Hypocreales: Nectriaceae). After one day of exposure to root exudates originating from non-mycorrhizal and low nutrient supply treatment, a significant change in the growth of F. proliferatum was measured, which then equalized after 5 days of incubation. Aside from the fumonisin gene (FUM1) gene, the expression of the mitogen-activated protein kinase gene (HOG1) was also studied using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). After 5 days of incubation, mycorrhizal root exudates significantly reduced the expression of the FUM1 gene, irrespective of the extent of the nutrient supplement and colonization level of the target plant. Similar trends in the expressions of FUM1 and HOG1 genes found in our experiment suggest that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization did not only affect directly the growth and mycotoxin production of F. proliferatum, but also modulated indirectly a number of other mechanisms. Mycorrhizal inoculation showed potential as a biological control agent in the suppression of fumonisin production by F. proliferatum.
Methods of Assessing Degradation of Supercapacitors by Using Various Measurement Techniques
Authors: Galla Stanislaw , Szewczyk Arkadiusz , Smulko Janusz , Przygocki Patryk
Published: June 2019

This article presents the qualitative analyses of the construction of supercapacitor samples. The analyses are based on the suggested thermographic measurements as well as the technique of testing the inherent noise of the investigated element. The indicated assessment methods have been referred to the currently used parameters for the qualitative evaluation of supercapacitors. The approach described in this paper, which introduces additional parameters assessing worn out of supercapacitors, can be included in the so-called non-invasive measurement methods, which allow the assessment of the condition of the sample under test. This article presents the applied measurement stands and verifies of the applicability of measurement methods in relation to the currently used parameters allowing for the qualitative assessment of supercapacitors. The measurement method presented in this article was used to study prototypes of supercapacitors. The measurement results allow for more accurate characterization of the observed element. Conducted tests revealed, at the same time, that one of the proposed evaluation methods, based on measurements of inherent noise of tested supercapacitors, is a method predicting their degradation.
Application of S-Transform Random Consistency in Inverse Synthetic Aperture Imaging Laser Radar Imaging
Authors: Zang Bo , Zhu Mingzhe , Zhou Xianda , Zhong Lu , Tian Zijiao
Published: June 2019

Under the same principle, laser radar could be more sensitive to the micro-Doppler (m-D) effect due to its wave length, as the characteristic of multi-resolution, S transform could reduce the influence of the micro-Doppler component and enhance the imaging effect. This paper presents a method for micro-Doppler feature extraction in Inverse Synthetic Aperture Imaging Laser Radar (ISAIL) imaging. It is accessible and comprehensive, applying Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) for the separation and reconstruction of micro-Doppler and rigid body signals. Experiments show that the method can effectively remove the micro-Doppler information and obtain a clear target distance-instantaneous Doppler image.
A 3D Discrete-Continuum Coupling Approach for Investigating the Deformation and Failure Mechanism of Tunnels across an Active Fault: A Case Study of Xianglushan Tunnel
Authors: Ma Yalina , Sheng Qian , Zhang Guimin , Cui Zhen
Published: June 2019

For water transmission tunnels constructed in high-risk seismic regions of western China, active faults pose threats of serious ruptures to the tunnels. To overcome this issue, a 3D discrete-continuum coupling approach is introduced into the study. By this approach, spherical discrete-element-method (DEM) particles are used to represent the surrounding rock mass, and the tunnel is considered to be the continuous finite-difference-method (FDM) zone. In this way, a 3D coupling model was established to study the longitudinal displacement profile and stress response of the tunnel lining under various fault dislocations. The failure pattern of the surrounding rock mass was investigated from a micro perspective. Meanwhile, the design strategy of flexible joint was investigated with the present numerical model. The results from a parametric study show that the smaller segment length, wider width and weaker strength of the flexible joints are beneficial to the anti-dislocation performance of the tunnel. Moreover, an orthogonal array test technique was utilized to investigate the influence level of the main design parameters of the flexible joint on the lining internal stress. With the obtained knowledge, the optimal combination for flexible joint design was presented. Findings may provide references for the anti-dislocation issue of tunnels across active faults.
Special Issue: New Trends in Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: de Brito Jorge , Poon Chi Sun , Zhan Baojian
Published: June 2019

Concrete is the most used manufactured material in the world and certainly one of those having the most impact on the environment [...]
A Hybrid Data-Driven Machine Learning Technique for Evapotranspiration Modeling in Various Climates
Authors: Valipour Mohammad , Gholami Sefidkouhi Mohammad Ali , Raeini-Sarjaz Mahmoud , Guzman Sandra M.
Published: June 2019

In the current research, gene expression programming (GEP) was applied to model reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in 18 regions of Iran with limited meteorological data. Initially, a genetic algorithm (GA) was employed to detect the most important variables for estimating ETo among mean temperature (Tmean), maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), relative humidity (RH), sunshine (n), and wind speed (WS). The results indicated that a coupled model containing the Tmean and WS can predict ETo accurately (RMSE = 0.3263 mm day−1) for arid, semiarid, and Mediterranean climates. Therefore, this model was adjusted using the GEP for all 18 synoptic stations. Under very humid climates, it is recommended to use a temperature-based GEP model versus wind speed-based GEP model. The optimal and lowest performance of the GEP belonged to Shahrekord (SK), RMSE = 0.0650 mm day−1, and Kerman (KE), RMSE = 0.4177 mm day−1, respectively. This research shows that the GEP is a robust tool to model ETo in semiarid and Mediterranean climates (R2 > 0.80). However, GEP is recommended to be used cautiously under very humid climates and some of arid regions (R2 < 0.50) due to its poor performance under such extreme conditions.
Albumin Nanovectors in Cancer Therapy and Imaging
Authors: Parodi Alessandro , Miao Jiaxing , Soond Surinder , Rudzińska Magdalena , Zamyatnin Andrey
Published: June 2019

Albumin nanovectors represent one of the most promising carriers recently generated because of the cost-effectiveness of their fabrication, biocompatibility, safety, and versatility in delivering hydrophilic and hydrophobic therapeutics and diagnostic agents. In this review, we describe and discuss the recent advances in how this technology has been harnessed for drug delivery in cancer, evaluating the commonly used synthesis protocols and considering the key factors that determine the biological transport and the effectiveness of such technology. With this in mind, we highlight how clinical and experimental albumin-based delivery nanoplatforms may be designed for tackling tumor progression or improving the currently established diagnostic procedures.
Pushover-Based Seismic Capacity Evaluation of Uto City Hall Damaged by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake
Authors: Fujii Kenji
Published: June 2019

The seismic capacity of the main Uto City Hall building, which was severely damaged by the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake, was evaluated by the proposed pushover-based procedure. In this procedure, the seismic capacity index of the building is defined as the maximum scaling factor of the seismic input, for which the local responses do not exceed their limit values. From the pushover analysis result, the displacement limit of the equivalent single-degree-of-freedom model was determined. Then, the seismic capacity index was evaluated using an equivalent linearization technique. The evaluated index was re-evaluated by considering the bidirectional excitation. The pushover analysis result revealed that the torsional response is significant in the nonlinear behavior of this building. The evaluated seismic capacity implied that some structural damages, including the yielding of the beam-column joint, may have occurred during the first earthquake on 14 April 2016.
Cannabidiol Overcomes Oxaliplatin Resistance by Enhancing NOS3- and SOD2-Induced Autophagy in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Jeong Soyeon , Kim Bu Gyeom , Kim Dae Yeong , Kim Bo Ram , Kim Jung Lim , Park Seong Hye , Na Yoo Jin , Jo Min Jee , Yun Hye Kyeong , Jeong Yoon A. , Kim Hong Jun , Lee Sun Il , Kim Han Do , Kim Dae Hyun , Oh Sang Cheul , Lee Dae-Hee
Published: June 2019

Although oxaliplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic drug for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, patients often develop resistance to it. Therefore, a new strategy for CRC treatment is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cannabidiol (CBD), one of the components of the cannabis plant, in overcoming oxaliplatin resistance in CRC cells. We established oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines, DLD-1 R and colo205 R, in CRC DLD-1 and colo205 cells. Autophagic cell death was induced when oxaliplatin-resistant cells were treated with both oxaliplatin and CBD. Additionally, phosphorylation of nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) was increased in oxaliplatin-resistant cells compared to that in parent cells. Combined treatment with oxaliplatin and CBD reduced phospho-NOS3 levels and nitric oxide (NO) production and resulted in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by reducing the levels of superoxide dismutase 2, an antioxidant present in the mitochondria, causing mitochondrial dysfunction. Taken together, these results suggest that elevated phosphorylation of NOS3 is essential for oxaliplatin resistance. The combination of oxaliplatin and CBD decreased NOS3 phosphorylation, which resulted in autophagy, by inducing the overproduction of ROS through mitochondrial dysfunction, thus overcoming oxaliplatin resistance.
Impact of Technique and Schedule of Reirradiation Plus Hyperthermia on Outcome after Surgery for Patients with Recurrent Breast Cancer
Authors: Oldenborg Sabine , van Os Rob , Oei Bing , Poortmans Philip
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Combining reirradiation (reRT) with hyperthermia (HT) has shown to be of high therapeutic value for patients with loco-regionally recurrent breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term therapeutic effect and toxicity of reRT + HT following surgery of loco-regionally recurrent breast cancer using two different reRT regimens. Methods: The reRT regimen of the 78 patients treated in Institute A consisted of 8 × 4 Gy twice a week using mostly abutted photon-electron fields. The 78 patients treated in Institute B received a reRT regimen of 12 × 3 Gy, four times a week with single or multiple electron fields. Superficial hyperthermia was applied once a week in Institute A and twice a week in Institute B. Both institutes started HT treatment within 1 hour after reRT and used the same 434-MHz systems to heat the tumor area to 41–43 °C. Results: The 5-year-infield local control (LC) rates were similar; however, the 5-year-survival rates were 13% lower in Institute A. Most remarkable was the difference in risk with respect to 5-year ≥ grade 3 toxicity, which was more than twice as high in Institute A. Conclusion: The combination of reirradiation and hyperthermia after macroscopically complete excision of loco-regional breast cancer recurrences provides durable local control in patients at risk for locoregional recurrent breast cancer. Treatment is well tolerated with the 12 × 3 Gy schedule with limited-sized electron fields.
An Overview on Acute Malnutrition and Food Insecurity among Children during the Conflict in Yemen
Authors: Dureab Fekri , Al-Falahi Eshraq , Ismail Osan , Al-Marhali Lina , Al Jawaldeh Ayoub , Nuri Nazmun Nahar , Safary Elvis , Jahn Albrecht
Published: June 2019

Background: This study aims to describe malnutrition among children under five and to describe the food insecurity status during the current conflict in Yemen. Methods: Data were obtained from a Yemeni nutrition surveillance program (pilot phase) targeting 4142 households with 5276 children under five from two governorates (Ibb and Sana’a). Results: Global acute malnutrition was found in 13.3% of overall screened children, while 4.9% had severe acute malnutrition (SAM) and 8.4% had moderate acute malnutrition. One-fifth of the children under six months of age were acutely malnourished, followed by children under two years at 18.5% based on weight-for-height z scores. Significant associations between malnutrition and other diseases included suspected measles at three times higher rates (4.5%, p < 0.00) among SAM cases than other children. Diarrhea, fever, and cough were significantly higher among the SAM group (p < 0.05). Most households depended on market food purchases in the month preceding this survey (84.7%). Household coping mechanisms to secure daily meals included borrowing food to survive, changing types and quality of food, and decreasing the number of meals per day; some families sent their children to live with relatives. Conclusion: Malnutrition is a serious public health problem. The humanitarian community needs to adopt alternative strategies to improve food security and the nutrition status in Yemen.
Growth of Catalyst-Free Hexagonal Pyramid-Like InN Nanocolumns on Nitrided Si(111) Substrates via Radio-Frequency Metal–Organic Molecular Beam Epitaxy
Authors: Chen Wei-Chun , Yu Tung-Yuan , Lai Fang-I , Chen Hung-Pin , Lin Yu-Wei , Kuo Shou-Yi
Published: June 2019

Hexagonal pyramid-like InN nanocolumns were grown on Si(111) substrates via radio-frequency (RF) metal–organic molecular beam epitaxy (MOMBE) together with a substrate nitridation process. The metal–organic precursor served as a group-III source for the growth of InN nanocolumns. The nitridation of Si(111) under flowing N2 RF plasma and the MOMBE growth of InN nanocolumns on the nitrided Si(111) substrates were investigated along with the effects of growth temperature on the structural, optical, and chemical properties of the InN nanocolumns. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis, highly <0001>-oriented, hexagonal InN nanocolumns were grown on the nitride Si(111) substrates. To evaluate the alignment of arrays, the deviation angles of the InN nanocolumns were measured using scanning electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy analysis indicated that the InN nanocolumns were single-phase wurtzite crystals having preferred orientations along the c-axis. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the hexagonal structures of the deposited InN nanocolumns.
Liquid Crystal Beam Steering Devices: Principles, Recent Advances, and Future Developments
Authors: He Ziqian , Gou Fangwang , Chen Ran , Yin Kun , Zhan Tao , Wu Shin-Tson
Published: June 2019

Continuous, wide field-of-view, high-efficiency, and fast-response beam steering devices are desirable in a plethora of applications. Liquid crystals (LCs)—soft, bi-refringent, and self-assembled materials which respond to various external stimuli—are especially promising for fulfilling these demands. In this paper, we review recent advances in LC beam steering devices. We first describe the general operation principles of LC beam steering techniques. Next, we delve into different kinds of beam steering devices, compare their pros and cons, and propose a new LC-cladding waveguide beam steerer using resistive electrodes and present our simulation results. Finally, two future development challenges are addressed: Fast response time for mid-wave infrared (MWIR) beam steering, and device hybridization for large-angle, high-efficiency, and continuous beam steering. To achieve fast response times for MWIR beam steering using a transmission-type optical phased array, we develop a low-loss polymer-network liquid crystal and characterize its electro-optical properties.
Graph Theoretic and Pearson Correlation-Based Discovery of Network Biomarkers for Cancer
Authors: Tanvir Raihanul Bari , Aqila Tasmia , Maharjan Mona , Mamun Abdullah Al , Mondal Ananda Mohan
Published: June 2019

Two graph theoretic concepts—clique and bipartite graphs—are explored to identify the network biomarkers for cancer at the gene network level. The rationale is that a group of genes work together by forming a cluster or a clique-like structures to initiate a cancer. After initiation, the disease signal goes to the next group of genes related to the second stage of a cancer, which can be represented as a bipartite graph. In other words, bipartite graphs represent the cross-talk among the genes between two disease stages. To prove this hypothesis, gene expression values for three cancers— breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)—are used for analysis. First, a co-expression gene network is generated with highly correlated gene pairs with a Pearson correlation coefficient ≥ 0.9. Second, clique structures of all sizes are isolated from the co-expression network. Then combining these cliques, three different biomarker modules are developed—maximal clique-like modules, 2-clique-1-bipartite modules, and 3-clique-2-bipartite modules. The list of biomarker genes discovered from these network modules are validated as the essential genes for causing a cancer in terms of network properties and survival analysis. This list of biomarker genes will help biologists to design wet lab experiments for further elucidating the complex mechanism of cancer.
Exponential Strong Converse for One Helper Source Coding Problem
Authors: Oohama Yasutada
Published: June 2019

We consider the one helper source coding problem posed and investigated by Ahlswede, Körner and Wyner. Two correlated sources are separately encoded and are sent to a destination where the decoder wishes to decode one of the two sources with an arbitrary small error probability of decoding. In this system, the error probability of decoding goes to one as the source block length n goes to infinity. This implies that we have a strong converse theorem for the one helper source coding problem. In this paper, we provide the much stronger version of this strong converse theorem for the one helper source coding problem. We prove that the error probability of decoding tends to one exponentially and derive an explicit lower bound of this exponent function.