bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O discurso parlamentar sobre a presença obrigatória da Filosofia e da Sociologia no ensino médio entre 1997 e 2008
Authors: Azevedo Gustavo Cravo de
Published: July 2019

O trabalho tem como objetivo principal contar e analisar a trajetória de institucionalização da Sociologia como disciplina obrigatória no ensino médio entre os anos 1983 e 2008, com atenção para seus avanços e retrocessos. Além do foco nos estados, o estudo acompanha as duas tramitações de projetos de lei federal. A primeira, em 2001, sem sucesso, a segunda, em 2008, com sucesso. Nas duas tentativas, são analisados os discursos produzidos pelos parlamentares nas duas Casas do Congresso, a Câmara dos Deputados e o Senado Federal. Entre os argumentos favoráveis à obrigatoriedade da disciplina, destacam-se os objetivos de boa formação da juventude brasileira e construção de uma sociedade democrática e cidadã. Entre os argumentos contrários, as dificuldades práticas dessa empreitada e a suposição de que os conteúdos de Sociologia e Filosofia já estariam contemplados em outras disciplinas de Humanidades.
Entrevista com Katiuska Izaguirry Marçal
Authors: Benetti Cláudia Cisiane , Tomazetti Elisete Medianeira , Gallina Simone Freitas da Silva
Published: July 2019

Nesta entrevista, a professora Ms. Katiuska Izaguirry Marçal, apresenta seu itinerário formativo e profissional, enfatizando seus estudos e pesquisas sobre o ensino de Filosofia, buscando acentuar a importância da Filosofia nas atividades docentes para os jovens do ensino médio.
Sobre a tradução de O Curso Filosófico, de Jean François Lyotard
Authors: La Salvia André Luis
Published: July 2019

Apresentamos uma versão em português do artigo Le Cours Philosophique, de Jean François Lyotard, publicado no livro Le Greve de philosophes que é uma coletânea de comunicações e debates do evento “Encontro Escola e Filosofia” que ocorreu em 20 e 21 de outubro de 1984 na Universidade de Paris X – Nanterre.
Las relaciones entre España y Rusia durante el reinado de Felipe V (1722-1742) = Relationships between Spain and Russia during the Reign of Philip V (1722-1742)
Authors: Lázaro Urdiales Iván
Published: July 2019

Los contactos entre las cortes de Madrid y San Petersburgo asistieron a un desarrollo sin precedentes durante la decimoctava centuria. A pesar de que los mismos llevaban dos siglos efectuándose, si bien es verdad que de forma intermitente y a través de embajadas concretas, el reinado del primer Borbón en España significó el establecimiento de los lazos entre ambas potencias sobre unas bases firmes. La base de todo ello, fue sin duda el establecimiento de embajadas permanentes en ambas capitales, cuya consecuencia directa fue una presencia diplomática constante en las mismas, unida a un intercambio continuo de información, relativa tanto a la realidad de los contactos entre estos reinos, como a las diferentes realidades de cada uno de ellos, muy distintas entre sí a la par que desconocidas en buena medida entre ellos. Las principales motivaciones para ello fueron las de carácter económico y político, que tuvieron diferente relevancia durante este periodo. AbstractRelations between the courts of Madrid and St. Petersburg underwent an unprecedented development during the eighteenth century. They had been developing for two centuries. This was done through the first founding embassies that existed only temporarily and so the development of relations at this time was somewhat sporadic. It was the reign of the first Bourbon ruler in Spain that established a real improvement in relations between the two powers on a firm basis. The foundation of all this, was undoubtedly the establishment of permanent embassies in both capitals, which brought about a constant diplomatic presence. There followed a continuous exchange of information between these two kingdoms. They also became aware of the different social and political situations in each of the two countries, that had previously been largely unknown to each other. The main reasons for this new relation involved economic and political considerations, which had also different influences in these two countries during this period.
Servir en la marina de Aranjuez en el Siglo XVIII: un destino deseado = Serving in the Navy in Aranjuez in the 18th Century: A Desirable Destination
Authors: Vázquez Lijó José Manuel
Published: July 2019

Desde mediados del siglo XVIII, la navegación de recreo por el Tajo fue una de las diversiones primaverales de la corte durante las «jornadas» de Aranjuez. Allí se construyeron varias embarcaciones con lujoso empavesado para el recreo de la familia real, y otras auxiliares. Anualmente para su cuidado y equipamiento, y para la periódica limpieza del cauce del Tajo, desde  el departamento naval de Cartagena se enviaron efectos y pertrechos, un número variable de hombres de marinería y de maestranza (carpinteros de ribera y calafates), y unos pocos de las brigadas de artillería. Este destino en las llamadas «jornadas» fue muy apetecible, por llevadero y bien retribuido en comparación con la dura prestación militar en la Armada. Por tal motivo, en general un mismo personal eventual sirvió en Aranjuez varios años, siendo un mérito que facilitaba su promoción profesional y la de sus hijos. Abstract From the middle of the 18th century, royal recreational navigation on the Tagus River, known as the «jornadas» of Aranjuez, was one of the court’s springtime leisure activities.  At the same place they were built several ships as auxiliary vessels; these were decorated and dressed luxuriously for the entertainment of the royal family. The naval department of Cartagena was responsible for the care and equipment of the ships and carried out regular cleaning of the Tagus riverbed, an operation which took place every year. They would sent fixtures and fittings, and assign a number of seamen and skilled workers (carpenters and specialists in caulking), and a few personnel from the artillery brigades; the number of staff would vary accordingly. This work destination, so-called «jornadas», was very attractive being less demanding and better paid than the hard military work in the Armada. For this reason, as a general rule, the same personnel served in Aranjuez for several years, this was considered a privilege since it enabled their professional advancement and that of their children.
De una compañía comercial a la inserción en la élite cordobesa: los Fernández de Carreras (S. XVI-XVIII) = From a Trade Company to the Insertion in the Cordovan Elite: Fernández de Carreras´s lineage (16th-18th centuries)
Authors: Cañas Pelayo Marcos Rafael
Published: July 2019

Los Fernández de Carreras, familia portuguesa establecida en Córdoba durante la Edad Moderna, son ejemplo de prosperidad comercial que se convierte en ascenso social. Con alto grado de especialización en los negocios textiles, sus conocimientos de las rutas económicas les hicieron extremadamente útiles para las élites locales andaluzas, siendo su integración mercantil muy exitosa. La carrera eclesiástica fue una parte integral de su auge en la ciudad. De cualquier modo, el cruce de los registros inquisitoriales y fuentes locales muestra que los primeros círculos de los Fernández de Carreras y sus mejores compañeros de negocios tenían una fuerte raigambre en la comunidad de cristianos nuevos cordobeses, supervivientes a los sangrientos años del inquisidor Lucero. Haciendo desaparecer las acusaciones y rumores sobre su pasado judeoconverso, miembros de la familia como el jurado Pedro Fernández Carreras o su hijo, el arcediano Melchor Fernández Carreras, lograron construir una sólida reputación para sus sucesores. AbstractA Lusitanian family that arose in Cordova during the Modern Age, the Fernández de Carreras’s lineage, is an example of commercial prosperity becoming upwardly mobile. With a high level of specialization in textile trade and networking skills that made them extremely useful for the Andalusian elite, their integration on the Cordovan economic circuit was very successful. Their ecclesiastical career was also essential to their rise. However, the crossing between inquisitorial registers and a range of local sources shows that Carreras’s first social background and best business partners and marriage strategies were heavily rooted in the cordovan new Christian community that survived the bloody years of Lucero’s Inquisition of Cordova. By eliminating all the accusations and rumours about being conversos, members of the family such as juror Pedro Fernández Carreras or his son, Archdeacon Melchor Fernández Carreras, were able to acquire a solid reputation for their successors.
Política imperial y administración de industrias estratégicas: la Armada española en el largo siglo XVIII. Introducción = Imperial Policy and Strategic Industry Administration: the Spanish Navy in the Long Eighteenth Century. Introduction
Authors: Baudot Monroy María , Díaz-Ordóñez Manuel , Valdez-Bubnov Iván
Published: July 2019

Introducción al monografíco
Virtud de la retorsión = Nobility of Contortion
Authors: Astey Gabriel
Published: July 2019

Artículo  Virtud de la retorsión
Reseña de: Pasolini, Alessandra y Pilo, Rafaella (eds.), Cagliari and Valencia during the Baroque Age
Authors: Ciaramitaro Fernando
Published: July 2019

Reseña de: Pasolini, Alessandra y Pilo, Rafaella (eds.), Cagliari and Valencia during the Baroque Age. Essays on Art, History and Literature, Valencia, Albatros, 2016, 239 pp., ISBN: 9788472743311.
Acceso a la vivienda en contextos de gentrificación y turistificación urbana
Authors: Arroyo Alba Mario
Published: July 2019

Las principales ciudades de nuestro entorno se están viendo afectadas en la actualidad por tendencias urbanas globales que marcan el ritmo de su desarrollo. Procesos de transformación como la turistificación y la gentrificación están atravesando diferentes territorios, principalmente en los centros urbanos, e incidiendo de forma específica en la forma en que construimos nuestras ciudades. La relación entre problemas sociales como las dificultades en el acceso a la vivienda, la desigualdad y la segregación en el medio urbano y este tipo de transformaciones está siendo ampliamente estudiada por distintas disciplinas y cobrando relevancia en el ámbito académico. El presente artículo recoge los principales resultados y conclusiones de una investigación llevada a cabo con el objetivo de aproximarse al problema del acceso a la vivienda en este tipo de contextos, concretamente en el barrio madrileño de Lavapiés. De esta forma, se ha intentado analizar de forma crítica los procesos de transformación urbana y sus consecuencias en forma de problemas sociales.Major cities in Spain are being affected by global city trends that define the pace of their development. Processes of transformation like touristification and gentrification are crossing different territories, mainly in urban centers, and specifically affecting the way we build our cities. The relationship between social issues, like difficulties accessing housing, inequality, and the segregation of the city, and this type of transformation is being widely studied by a variety of disciplines and gaining more and more relevance in academia. This article presents the main results and conclusions of research carried out on the problem of access to housing in these kinds of contexts, specifically in the Lavapiés neighborhood of Madrid. In this way, the processes transforming the city and their consequences as social problems were analyzed from a critical perspective.
Atuação da fisioterapia para a redução do tempo no trabalho de parto vaginal
Authors: Sousa Clorismar Bezerra de , Silva Itainara Márcia Antunes da , Costa Ramon Sales , Pereira Vilmaci Santos de Souza
Published: July 2019

O parto é apontado como um dos acontecimentos mais marcantes na vida de uma mulher, podendo influenciar de forma emocional e física durante toda sua vida. O fisioterapeuta é o profissional mais indicado para fazer o acompanhamento da gestante, diminuindo o tempo de trabalho de parto e da percepção dolorosa. Este artigo de revisão tem como objetivo analisar a atuação da fisioterapia durante o parto humanizado. Foi realizada pesquisa de revisão metodológica no período de janeiro e fevereiro de 2018, e foram selecionados artigos que estavam relacionados ao tema proposto. Para isso, realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados PUBMED, LILACS, SCIELO. A utilização de banhos quentes para o alivio da dor durante o trabalho de parto constituem um dos métodos não-farmacológicos mais utilizados na progressão e na evolução do parto natural. A fisioterapia contribui diminuindo a tríade medo-tensão-dor, promovendo reeducação da função respiratória, o restabelecimento da função intestinal, estimulando o sistema circulatório, promovendo analgesia e favorecendo o parto.
Uma visão sobre a ética moral na perspectiva de Agostinho de Hipona e Tomás de Aquino
Authors: Rodrigues Tayronne de Almeida , Leandro Neto João , Carvalho Aluísio Vasconcelos de , Carvalho Tainnã de Almeida Rodrigues
Published: July 2019

Os filósofos Gregos, como Sócrates, Platão e Aristóteles muito contribuíram na interpretação e análise do comportamento humano e seu modo agir. A partir desse período muitos outros pensadores também se revestiram de discussões éticas para explicarem e compreenderem a realidade, a moral e a organização social. Nesse contexto dois filósofos medievais se destacaram com seus pensamentos acerca da ética: Agostinho de Hipona e Tomás de Aquino que abordam as virtudes como elementos essenciais à conduta humana. Esta pesquisa foi realizada através de uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter discursivo abordando a ética moral.
Analysis of the Risk of Suffering Eating Disorders in young student university of Extremadura (Spain)
Authors: Benitez Ana , Sánchez Susana , Bermejo María Luisa , Franco-Reynolds Lourdes , García-Herraiz María Angustias , Cubero Javier
Published: July 2019

Los Trastornos de la Alimentación (TA), la Anorexia Nerviosa (AN), Bulimia nerviosa (BN) y trastorno por atracón son trastornos de gran preocupación en el mundo occidental. Sus tendencias crecientes han llevado a los investigadores a tratar de explicar los factores implicados, sus causas y sus efectos, como una forma de contribuir a los esfuerzos para detener las tendencias de crecimiento.Nuestro proyecto de investigación se centra en el estudio del riesgo de padecer TA entre una muestra de 600 estudiantes de la Universidad de Extremadura (España). Dichos estudiantes están matriculados en doce de los grados ofertados por dicha Universidad.Los instrumentos de evaluación utilizados para los fines de esta investigación están el inventario-3 trastorno del RF (RF de EDI-3) y el cuestionario en español, IMAGEN (evaluación de la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal).Los resultados más significativos demuestran la existencia de un alto porcentaje de estudiantes en riesgo de sufrir TA. En las jóvenes alumnas se evidencia mayores tasas de insatisfacción corporal y de delgadez que sus compañeros masculinos que, por el contrario, demuestran más características de bulimia. Además quienes estudian grados de educación presentan tasas más altas de los factores de riesgo para sufrir tales como TC, la unidad de la delgadez y la insatisfacción de su propio cuerpo, en la situación opuesta se encuentran los grados de ciencias de la salud en particular los estudiantes de enfermería, probablemente como consecuencia de un mayor conocimiento biosanitario.

 

Eating disorders (ED), anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder are disorders of great concern in western world countries. Their rising tendencies have led researchers to try to explain the factors involved, their causes, and their effects, as a way of contributing to the efforts to stop the growing trends. Our research project focuses on the study of the risk of suffering ED amongst a sample of 600 students from the University of Extremadura (Spain). Said students are enrolled in twelve of the degrees offered by the University. The assessment tools used for the purposes of this research are the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 RF (EDI-3 RF) and the Spanish questionnaire, IMAGEN (Evaluation of Dissatisfaction with Body Image). The most significant results show the existence of a high percentage of students at risk of suffering ED. Young female students evidence higher rates of body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness than their male classmates who, conversely, demonstrate more characteristics of bulimia. Those studying education present higher rates of risk factors for suffering ED, such as the drive for thinness and their own body dissatisfaction, in the opposite situation are the health degrees in particular the nursing students, as a result of a greater bio health knowledge caused.
Effectiviness of a Brief Intervention on anti-smoking motivation in drug addict patients staying in a UHD
Authors: Valera Fernández Maria Rosario , SuárezPérez Raquel , Aceña Domínguez Rosa , Aliart Perarnau Xavier , González Cuello Ana María , Fonseca Casals Francina
Published: July 2019

Justificación: Existe una asociación entre tabaquismo y TUS, especialmente con alcohol y cannabis. Sin embargo, las intervenciones sanitarias parecen no ir encaminadas a su enfoque.Objetivo: Evaluar el grado de motivación para el abandono tabáquico tras realizar una intervención psicoeducativa breve sobre abordaje del tabaquismo.Metodología: Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa de tipo analítico cuasiexperimental que se lleva a cabo mediante dos cohortes experimentales, del tipo pre- y post-intervención. Se aplica una intervención breve educativa y se evalúan las diferencias en la motivación para el abandono tabáquico en un grupo antes de la intervención y en otro grupo después de la misma. Resultados: Existe una diferencia de 1,27 puntos en el grado de motivación encontrado en los individuos respecto a los grupos experimentales. Conclusiones: Las personas drogodependientes son fumadoras con altos grados de dependencia nicotínica por lo que es preciso diseñar estrategias de cesación adecuadas.

Justification: There is a connection between smoking and substances use disorder, especially alcohol and cannabis. Nevertheless, health interventions seem not to be addressed to this approach. Objective: Evaluation of the motivation degree for the smoking quit after developing a brief psycho-educational intervention on smoking.Methodology: It is a quantitative research of analytical type, almost experimental, developed by means of two experimental series, of the types pre- and post- intervention. A brief educational intervention is applied and there is an evaluation of the differences in the motivation for the smoking quit in a group before the intervention and in another one after the intervention. Results: There is a difference of 1,27 points in the degree of motivation found in the individuals regarding the experimental groups. Conclusions: Drug addict people are smokers with a high degree of nicotinic dependence, so it is necessary to design suitable strategies of quitting. .
Nursing and no Drug for the Management of Insomnia Treatment
Authors: Baides Noriega Raquel , Noriega Camporro Sara , Inclán Rodríguez Alicia Maria
Published: July 2019

Introducción: El insomnio es definido como la incapacidad para iniciar y/o mantener el sueño. Es el trastorno del sueño más frecuente y puede producir consecuencias para la salud en todas las dimensiones. Las medidas no farmacológicas han mostrado mejor efecto a largo plazo para el manejo del insomnio, por lo que el uso de fármacos debe restringirse como segunda línea de tratamiento.Metodología: Con objeto de conocer procedimientos no farmacológicos para el manejo del insomnio desde Enfermería de Atención Primaria, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica a través de fuentes primarias y secundarias. Resultados: Como primera línea de tratamiento destacan las terapias conductuales y cognitivo-conductuales asociadas a la educación para la salud y medidas de higiene de sueño. Según algunos estudios, nueve consultas de 30 minutos, con intervenciones no farmacológicas, reducirían el insomnio crónico con efectividad del 70 al 80%. Además existen terapias alternativas que asociadas como terapias complementarias pueden ayudar al manejo del insomnio con nivel de evidencia suficiente.Conclusiones: Las medidas no farmacológicas deben utilizarse como primera línea de tratamiento. Sin embargo, en nuestro país, apenas se prescriben y existe un alto consumo de fármacos destinados a solucionar este problema, con las consiguientes consecuencias para la salud que producen. Para poder abordar la situación se considera fundamental una mejora de los recursos humanos profesionales y formación al respecto.

Introduction: Insomnia is defined as the inability to initiate or maintain sleep. It is the most common sleep disorder and can produced consequences for health in all aspect. Non-pharmacological measures have shown better effect in the long management of insomnia, so the use of drugs should be restricted as a second-line treatment.Methodology: In order to learn about non-pharmacological management procedures of insomnia from primary care nursing, we conducer a literature review through primary and secondary sources.Results: As first line treatment include therapies behavioural and cognitive-behavioural associated with education for health and the sleep hygiene measures. According to some studies, nine 30-minute, non-pharmacological interventions queries, reduce chronic insomnia with effectiveness of 70 to 80%. Also there are alternative therapies such as the use of valerian to associate as complementary therapy can help the Management of insomnia with good level of evidence.Conclusions: Non- pharmacological measures should be used as a first line of treatment. However in our country to penalties are prescribed and there is high consumption of drugs for this problem, with the resulting consequences for the health of tolerance and dependence producing the maintained consumption of these dugs. Addressing the situation is considered essential to an improvement of the professional human resources and training.
La cognición expresiva como experiencia de relación del arte y la ciencia en la educación preuniversitaria
Authors: Muñiz de la Arena Antonia María , Caeiro Rodríguez Martín
Published: July 2019

La epistemología visual estudia aquellas imágenes que son vehículo de conocimiento tanto en el arte como en la ciencia. No obstante, también hay un pensamiento y conocimiento plástico, que se significa a través de objetos diversos, y que podemos disfrutar y experimentar en exposiciones y museos de ciencia o de arte y que se practica en contextos tanto científicos como artísticos. Nuestro recorrido por la cognición expresiva (visual y plástica) identifica, desde una metodología descriptiva y comprensiva, las posibilidades que rigen en este modo de conocer y pensar a través de imágenes y objetos, en los cuales se produce la «episteme» o lo que Jean Piaget identificó como «representación cognoscitiva», y que podemos encontrar tanto en el arte como en la ciencia. Del análisis de imágenes y objetos se deduce que existen prácticas y proyectos cuyas acciones articulan cognición y expresión, conectando la comprensión científica y las prácticas inherentes a los procesos de creación artística. A partir de la revisión teórica y visual, se significa la oportunidad de introducir en el contexto educativo preuniversitario espacios de aprendizaje que sean al mismo tiempo cognitivos y expresivos.
Estas acciones educativas permitirán a los discentes adquirir de forma progresiva consciencia de que la creación de imágenes o de objetos, desde un proceso de cognición expresiva, puede llevar a una mejor comprensión de fenómenos tan complejos como la relatividad, una neurona o el ADN, o de conceptos tan abstractos como la dimensión del tiempo.
MediaLab Madrid 2002-2006. Cultura participativa y activismo social en Madrid
Authors: Caerols Mateo Raquel , Escribano Belmar Beatriz
Published: July 2019

Iniciado el siglo xxi, potenciado por el contexto digital, la participación ciudadana comenzó a ser central para la sociedad contemporánea. En el campo artístico, eso se tradujo en la generación de nuevas formas artísticas de acción social y participación ciudadana. El mejor reflejo de esta realidad será la aparición de centros o medialab, donde al diálogo entre el arte, la ciencia y la tecnología se sumará la dimensión sociedad, como el pionero MediaLab Madrid, inaugurado en 2002 y que se convirtió en paradigma de acción, cultura participativa e integración social. Este artículo formaliza un recorrido histórico por la creación de este centro y proyecto emblemático y analiza su propuesta como un lugar donde dar cabida a formas emergentes de participación y transformación social, en relación a su programa de exposiciones, talleres, seminarios y simposios, conferencias, encuentros y acciones durante el período 2002-2006, liderado por sus creadores, Karin Ohlenschläger y Luis Rico. Dicha programación muestra una metodología innovadora de propuestas artísticas y espacios de reflexión y su diálogo con la tecnología como herramienta de activismo social y transformación. Este análisis está basado en entrevistas realizadas a los protagonistas que idearon este proyecto, así como investigadores y artistas de relevancia internacional, que aportan una mirada externa de su impacto.
Almost faithful: SNP markers reveal low levels of extra-pair paternity in the Eurasian beavers
Authors: Nimje Priyank Sharad , Tinnesand Helga Veronica , Buesching Christina , Sæbø Mona , Senn Helen , Zedrosser Andreas , Rosell Frank
Published: July 2019

Mating systems largely affect individual reproductive strategies which further drives evolution. Monogamy, where males and females form exclusive pairs for more than one breeding season, is particularly intriguing in this context, as there are real and potential costs of genetic monogamy to both sexes. However, molecular studies in a variety of species have revealed that social monogamy does not necessarily imply genetic monogamy due to occurrence of extra-pair copulations resulting in extra-pair offspring. Although common in birds, <10% of mammals are monogamous. Here we use single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to investigate the genetic mating system of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber), a species traditionally considered to be not only socially but also genetically monogamous. We found evidence for low frequency of extra-pair paternity (EPP) and multiple paternity within litter. Only 5.4% young were produced by EPP and only 7% of litter contain at least one extra-pair young. Moreover, we found indications that only pairings of old individuals engaged in EPP. None of these pairs produced more than one litter as a result of EPP and none of the EPP events resulted in mate change. Our findings suggest that EPP in beavers might be the consequence of a lapse in mate guarding ability of old males.
Structural insights into flagellar stator–rotor interactions
Authors: Chang Yunjie , Moon Ki Hwan , Zhao Xiaowei , Norris Steven J , Motaleb MD A , Liu Jun
Published: July 2019

The bacterial flagellar motor is a molecular machine that can rotate the flagellar filament at high speed. The rotation is generated by the stator–rotor interaction, coupled with an ion flux through the torque-generating stator. Here we employed cryo-electron tomography to visualize the intact flagellar motor in the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. By analyzing the motor structures of wild-type and stator-deletion mutants, we not only localized the stator complex in situ, but also revealed the stator–rotor interaction at an unprecedented detail. Importantly, the stator–rotor interaction induces a conformational change in the flagella C-ring. Given our observation that a non-motile mutant, in which proton flux is blocked, cannot generate the similar conformational change, we propose that the proton-driven torque is responsible for the conformational change required for flagellar rotation.
Thomas S. Eliot’s eyes on Dante Alighieri
Authors: Ha Sha
Published: July 2019

Thomas E. Eliot devoted several essays to Dante Alighieri, declaring that he considered the Italian poet the most universal of all poets of the continent. Dante’s recourse to visual images to enunciate very abstract philosophical and theological themes, finds its counterpart in Eliot’s use of the ‘objective correlative’ to evoke in the reader sensory experiences. Purpose of the present paper is to investigate about the influence exerted by the author of the “Divine Comedy” on the great innovator of the English literary landscape of the 20th century, utilizing to that purpose the scripts by T.S. Eliot himself.
A Contrastive Analysis of Legend of Zhen Huan and Empress in the Palace on Impact of Differences Between Chinese and Western Thinking Mode on Translation
Authors: Wei Yuehong , Du Yuanyuan
Published: July 2019

Translation is not only a language activity, but also a conceptual work. The differences between Chinese and western thinking modes lead to different expressions. It is the key point to realize the differences between Chinese and western thinking modes and then learn to transform them appropriately in translation. This paper takes Legend of Zhen Huan and Empress in the Palace as an example to explore the impact of differences between Chinese and Western thinking modes on translation. The embodiment of thinking modes was analyzed from five aspects, which are ethical and cognitive thinking modes, comprehension and rationality thinking modes, fuzzy and precise thinking modes, subjective and objective thinking modes as well as inductive and deductive thinking modes. The comparison between the above five aspects illustrates the
Comparative proteomics analysis reveals the difference during antler regeneration stage between red deer and sika deer
Authors: Su Hang , Tang Xiaolei , Zhang Xiaocui , Liu Li , Jing Li , Pan Daian , Sun Weijie , He Huinan , Yang Chonghui , Zhao Daqing , Zhang He , Qi Bin
Published: July 2019

Deer antler, as the only mammalian regenerative appendage, provides an optimal model to study regenerative medicine. Antler harvested from red deer or sika deer were mainly study objects used to disclose the mechanism underlying antler regeneration over past decades. A previous study used proteomic technology to reveal the signaling pathways of antler stem cell derived from red deer. Moreover, transcriptome of antler tip from sika deer provide us with the essential genes, which regulated antler development and regeneration. However, antler comparison between red deer and sika deer has not been well studied. In our current study, proteomics were employed to analyze the biological difference of antler regeneration between sika deer and red deer. The proteomics profile was completed by searching the UniProt database, and differentially expressed proteins were identified by bioinformatic software. Thirty-six proteins were highly expressed in red deer antler, while 144 proteins were abundant in sika deer. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins participated in the regulation of several pathways including oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, extracellular matrix interaction, and PI3K-Akt pathway.
The extent to which genetics and lean grade affect fatty acid profiles and volatile compounds in organic pork
Authors: Argemí-Armengol Immaculada , Villalba Daniel , Tor Marc , Pérez-Santaescolástica Cristina , Purriños Laura , Manuel Lorenzo José , Álvarez-Rodríguez Javier
Published: July 2019

Niche production is intended to produce premium pork, but several husbandry factors may affect the meat fatty acid composition and aroma. Fatty acid profile (by GC-FID) of raw meat and volatile compounds (by SPME-GC–MS) of cooked meat were analysed in loin samples from two pig genetic types-75% Duroc (Du) and 50% Pietrain (Pi) rossbreds that were slaughtered at different weights (90 kg and 105 kg, respectively) to achieve similar target carcass fatness, and the outcome carcasses were balanced for lean grade groups (<60% or ≥60% lean) within genotypes. Genetic type did not affect fatty acids (FA) profile of meat. The leaner meat had lower C12:0 and C20:3n − 3, lower saturated fatty acids (SFA) and higher MUFA/SFA ratio content than the fattier meat. Short-chain alcohols were lower in Pietrain and in leaner pork compared to the samples from Duroc crossbreds and fattier pork. A greater amount of hexane,2,4,4-trimethyl (an aliphatic hydrocarbon) but lower carbon disulphide (sulphur compound) content was detected in pork from leaner compared to fattier pork. Higher aromatics hydrocarbons were exclusively associated with Duroc crossbreds, and lower aliphatic hydrocarbons with pigs classified as fattier. Most of the volatile compounds detected in the present study came from lipid oxidation.
Ad domanda gravia mala multarum gentium: ¿Roma liberadora o Roma represora? En torno a la traducción de De civitate Dei V, 13, 4-5
Authors:   Universidad de Los Andes (Chile), Domínguez Valdés José Patricio
Published: July 2019

Este breve artículo compara numerosas traducciones modernas de un pasaje clave de De civitate Dei V y muestra que la traducción correcta es aquella que enfatiza el concepto negativo de Roma que propone Agustín a lo largo de la obra.
Análisis de los editoriales sobre una polémica visita papal
Authors:   Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (España), Jiménez-Yáñez Ricardo-María
Published: July 2019

En este estudio se pretende explorar la base ideológica y las estrategias argumentativas desplegadas en los frames (según la concepción de Entman, 1993) de los editoriales de cuatro periódicos españoles sobre la visita de Benedicto XVI al Reino Unido. El análisis discursivo y argumentativo de los editoriales se basa en un método híbrido que combina algunos principios del análisis del discurso y de la lingüística del texto: en un nivel macroestructural se explora la progresión argumentativa que estructura cada texto (Amossy, 2006, 2009), y en otro microestructural se analizan ciertos aspectos de la cohesión textual (Halliday y Hasan, 1989). Gracias al análisis empleado, se descubre una clara polarización entre los editoriales de El País y ABC y un periodismo más plural en los textos de El Periódico y La Vanguardia.
Percepción del alumnado universitario sobre el aprendizaje de lengua extranjera a través del teléfono móvil
Authors:   Universidad de Vigo (España), Fernández Carballo María Victoria
Published: July 2019

Una de las áreas que más interés viene suscitando en los últimos años en el campo de la educación, y concretamente en el campo del de la lengua extranjera, es el aprendizaje a través del teléfono móvil. El objetivo de este artículo es investigar, a través de un cuestionario dividido en 4 partes, el uso del teléfono móvil por parte de 40 alumnos del campus de Ourense (Universidad de Vigo, España), sus actitudes y los problemas a los que se enfrentan. Los hallazgos más significantes muestran que, para que la integración del dispositivo móvil en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje sea exitosa, esta ha de venir acompañada de una formación específica de usuarios, potenciándose el uso de la herramienta y favoreciendo las actitudes, ya que si los usuarios finales no están convencidos de su éxito, esto se traducirá en una alta probabilidad de fracaso
Evidencia del contraste interdental/alveolar en el mapudungun hablado en la costa: un estudio acústico-estadístico
Authors:   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Figueroa Candia Mauricio A. , Painequeo Paillán Juan H. ,   Universidad de la Frontera (Chile), Márquez Pradenas Camila ,   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Salamanca Gutiérrez Gastón F. ,   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Bertín González David A. ,   Universidad de la Frontera (Chile)
Published: July 2019

El estudio del mapudungun ha mostrado, en general, la existencia de una oposición fonológica entre los segmentos interdentales [l], [ n], [t] y los alveolares [l], [n] y [t] (e. g., Echeverría, 1964; Salas, 1976). Sin embargo, también hay investigaciones en las que se ha puesto en duda tal oposición (e. g., Croese, 1980; Smeets, 1989; Salamanca y Quintrileo, 2009), especialmente en aquellas zonas más susceptibles al contacto con el español. Este estudio tiene como objetivo aportar evidencia para determinar si tal contraste se presenta en el habla de 19 participantes de la zona de Toltén y Mariquina. Para ello, se utilizan las locus equations (Sussman, McCaffrey y Matthews, 1991; Sussman, Hoemeke y Ahmed, 1993) y distintos tipos de regresiones, con el fin de evaluar si existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre correlatos acústicos de punto de articulación provenientes de segmentos interdentales y alveolares, para tres modos articulatorios: lateral, nasal y oclusivo. Además, se explora la relación estadística entre los correlatos acústicos de punto de articulación y las variables cualidad vocálica y sexo. Los resultados de los análisis de 3.437 instancias permiten concluir que existe evidencia para sustentar la hipótesis de un contraste para las consonantes laterales y oclusivas sordas, pero no para las nasales. También se observó un efecto de la vocal que sigue a la consonante, y un efecto de la variable sexo. En suma, los resultados sugieren que el contraste interdental/alveolar para las consonantes nasales se encuentra en proceso de desfonologización, lo que tiene importantes implicancias para la dialectología del mapudungun. Desde una perspectiva metodológica, este estudio releva la pertinencia de la inclusión de técnicas de la fonética acústica y estadística inferencial en el tratamiento de problemas fonético-fonológicos de las lenguas vernáculas chilenas
Cristián Santibáñez: Origen y función de la argumentación
Authors:   Centro de Investigación en Educación y Desarrollo (CIEDE) (Chile), Gascón Salvador José Ángel
Published: July 2019

NO PRESENTA RESUMEN
Critical Reviews on Engineered Nanoparticles in Environmental Remediation
Authors: Tewari Brij Bhushan
Published: July 2019

Environmental contamination is one of the important issues that the world is facing today, it is always expanding and leading to the grave and harmful effect on the Earth. Nanoparticles have a diameter less than 100 nm exhibit new size-dependent properties compared with the bulk material. Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) have unique characteristics in addition to the high surface area-to-volume ratio, which may increase their toxicity relative to bulk materials. Due to the high volume production of ENPs products such as carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, silver, zinc oxide environmental exposure to these compounds is very common. ENPs have their unique properties and applications in the areas of medicine, food& drink, construction, automotive, textiles, energy, electronics, environment etc. The present critical review is focused on the recent development of the applications of ENPs in the environmental remediation and their toxic effects.
Synergistic Study between Gum Arabic and Carboxymethyl Cellulose: Application in Polymer Flooding
Authors: Eiroboyi I. , Ikiensikimama S. S. , Oriji B. A. , Okoye I. P.
Published: July 2019

The oil industry is experiencing a paradigm shift where the use of green chemicals is being encouraged in order to address environmental issues associated with the use of synthetic chemicals and also because of the fact that most of these synthetic polymers like hydrolysed polyacrylamide used to improve mobility ratio in Polymer flooding are imported chemicals. Thus, the need to source for other polymers that are viable and equally environmentally friendly.

Gum Arabic used in this analysis was obtained from the northern part of Nigeria. Different concentrations of Gum Arabic were analysed to study their rheology as well as the effect of salinity on them in order to determine their degree of resistance for this is a criterion in polymer flooding. However, the stability of Gum Arabic was further enhanced by the addition of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) at varying concentration to determine its effect on the solution viscosity. Based on the results, the effect of blending resulted in synergistic viscosity however, the stability of the solution with respect to the effect of salinity was affected.
Urban Sustainability Index: Measuring Performance of 15 Metropolitan Cities of India
Authors: Patel Utkarsh , Rakshit Satarupa , Ram S. Ashwin , Irfan Zareena Begum
Published: July 2019

Around the world, sustainable development has become a top policy discussion as countries struggle to maintain or enhance economic growth without compromising the future. Nowhere is the issue more pressing than in India, where urban areas and their economies are expected to grow rapidly over the next few decades and where resource use and environmental quality are already raising grave concerns. Sustainable development, economic growth that improves the lives of the people without exhausting the environment or other resources, is especially critical in developing countries, where mass urbanization is taking place at a time when man’s impact on the environment has reached a critical juncture. The study investigates if the present pattern of urban development in India in the creation of mega cities is sustainable. The indicators represent a primary tool to provide guidance for policy makers and to potentially assist in decision-making and monitoring local strategies/plans. The outcome of the study will contribute to the design of policies, tools, and approaches essential for planning to attain the goal of sustainable development and the social cohesion of metropolitan regions.
C7orf59/LAMTOR4 phosphorylation and structural flexibility modulate Ragulator assembly
Authors: Rasheed Nadia , Lima Tatiani B. , Mercaldi Gustavo F. , Nascimento Andrey F.Z. , Silva Ana L.S. , Righetto Germanna L. , Bar‐Peled Liron , Shen Kuang , Sabatini David M. , Gozzo Fabio C. , Aparicio Ricardo , Smetana Juliana H.C.
Published: July 2019

Ragulator is a pentamer composed of p18, MP1, p14, C7orf59, and hepatitis B virus X‐interacting protein (HBXIP; LAMTOR 1—5) which acts as a lysosomal scaffold of the Rag GTPases in the amino acid sensitive branch of TORC1 signaling. Here, we present the crystal structure of human HBXIP‐C7orf59 dimer (LAMTOR 4/5) at 2.9 Å and identify a phosphorylation site on C7orf59 which modulates its interaction with p18. Additionally, we demonstrate the requirement of HBXIP‐C7orf59 to stabilize p18 and allow further binding of MP1‐p14. The structure of the dimer revealed an unfolded N terminus in C7orf59 (residues 1–15) which was shown to be essential for p18 binding. Full‐length p18 does not interact stably with MP1‐p14 in the absence of HBXIP‐C7orf59, but deletion of p18 residues 108–161 rescues MP1‐p14 binding. C7orf59 was phosphorylated by protein kinase A (PKA) in vitro and mutation of the conserved Ser67 residue to aspartate prevented phosphorylation and negatively affected the C7orf59 interaction with p18 both in cell culture and in vitro. C7orf59 Ser67 was phosphorylated in human embryonic kidney 293T cells. PKA activation with forskolin induced dissociation of p18 from C7orf59, which was prevented by the PKA inhibitor H‐89. Our results highlight the essential role of HBXIP‐C7orf59 dimer as a nucleator of pentameric Ragulator and support a sequential model of Ragulator assembly in which HBXIP‐C7orf59 binds and stabilizes p18 which allows subsequent binding of MP1‐p14.
Scalable Synthesis of Multifunctional Epidermis‐Like Smart Coatings
Authors: Qi Xiaodong , Hou Ying , Yang Ming
Published: July 2019

Bioinspired self‐healing materials provide a sustainable solution for mitigating catastrophic failure and prolonging service time, but such potential may be largely offset by the tedious fabrication process that can hardly be scaled up. It is shown that a scalable doctor blade coating process may be used for the synthesis of multifunctional epidermis‐like smart coatings. The industry‐compatible technique not only preserves the biomimetic bilayer design with largely improved film production efficiency but also allows readily adjusted film compositions and structures for optimizing the synergetic healing performance and mechanical properties. Variable amounts of montmorillonite clay nanosheets can be incorporated in the top hard layer for achieving a high modulus (34.3 ± 1.4 GPa) and hardness (1.65 ± 0.09 GPa), which also affect the number of scratch‐healing cycles by controlling the decay rate of upward polymer diffusion from the soft bottom layer. These high‐performance smart coatings are transparent, bactericidal, and show good adhesions to various substrates including glass, plastics, and fiberboard. When used as a surface protection for fiberboard, excellent flame‐retardant properties are demonstrated thanks to the dominant presence of clay nanosheets. It is believed that this work may provide important guidance for transforming interesting biomimetic design into practical manufacturing.
Tailoring Chiroptical Activity of Iron Disulfide Quantum Dot Hydrogels with Circularly Polarized Light
Authors: Hao Changlong , Gao Yifan , Wu Di , Li Si , Xu Liguang , Wu Xiaoling , Guo Jun , Sun Maozhong , Li Xiu , Xu Chuanlai , Kuang Hua
Published: July 2019

Chiral inorganic nanomaterials have recently attracted significant attention because of their many important applications, such as in asymmetric catalysis and chiral sensing. Here, chiral iron disulfide quantum dots (FeS2 QDs) are synthesized via chirality transfer using l/d‐cysteine (Cys) as chiral ligands. The chiral FeS2 QDs are coassembled with two gelators to produce a cogel (l‐ or d‐[Gel+FeS2]) with a g‐factor value of ±0.06. Interestingly, the cogels display intense circularly polarized luminescence. More significantly, the degree of twisting (twist pitch) and the diameter of the cogels can be markedly regulated by illumination with circularly polarized light (CPL) in the ranges of 120–213 and 37–65 nm, respectively, which is caused by the CPL‐induced electron transfer. This research opens the way for the design of chiroptical devices with a wide range of functions and applications.
Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: 2019 update on diagnosis, risk‐stratification, and management
Authors: Hristov Alexandra C. , Tejasvi Trilokraj , Wilcox Ryan A.
Published: July 2019

Disease Overview

Cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas (CTCL) are a heterogenous group of T‐cell neoplasms involving the skin, the majority of which may be classified as Mycosis fungoides (MF) or Sézary syndrome (SS).

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of MF or SS requires the integration of clinical and histopathologic data.

Risk‐Adapted Therapy

TNMB (tumor, node, metastasis, blood) staging remains the most important prognostic factor in MF/SS and forms the basis for a “risk‐adapted,” multi‐disciplinary approach to treatment. For patients with disease limited to the skin, skin‐directed therapies are preferred, as both disease‐specific and overall survival for these patients is favorable. In contrast, patients with advanced‐stage disease with significant nodal, visceral or blood involvement are generally approached with systemic therapies. These include biologic‐response modifiers, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, or antibody‐based strategies, in an escalating fashion. In highly‐selected patients, allogeneic stem‐cell transplantation may be considered, as this may be curative in some patients.