bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of varied amounts of ginger oil in the feed on common carp
growth metrics L. Cyprinus Carpio
Authors: Fahad Al-Hussaini Ali Sabbar , Hussain Salman Ali , Kassim Al-Gharawi Jassim
Published: October 2023

The current study was conducted in experimental cages in a mud pond, First Agricultural Research and Experiment Station, Agriculture College, Al-Muthanna
University, to determine the effect of different levels of ginger oil on the diets of
common carp Cyprinus carpio L., the experiment lasted for 82 days, including the
10-day acclimatization period. 80 common carp fish with an average weight of
77±0.56 g was used. It was randomly distributed to 5 treatments with 3 replicates
(5 fish each replicate). The fish were fed on experimental diets, divided into four
equal treatments in terms of protein percentages and different levels of ginger oil,
and the percentage of seeds added to the treatments was 0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00%,
respectively. The fish were fed on the experimental diets at 5% of the live weight,
divided into 4 meals daily. The results indicated a significant superiority of all
ginger oil treatments in the growth parameters of carp fish, represented by body
weight, weight gain, and daily, specific and relative growth rate. Adding 0.50%
ginger oil gave the best results, compared with all ginger oil treatments in growth
parameters of carp fish.
Keywords: ginger oil, growth parameters, common carp Cyprinus Carpio L.
Treatment with dexamethasone's effects on pregnant women and
their fetuses Guinea pigs' Thyroid and Adrenal Hormones
Authors: Fadil Alwan Ali , Abdul -Hadi Khalil Al-Souz Mohammed , Abdtawfeeq AL-Khayat Tareq Hafdhi
Published: October 2023

Among the common small laboratory animals, the guinea pig has a thyroid and
adrenal hormone pattern most similar to that in humans. Daily administration of
10mg Dexamethasone s/c from 55 days of pregnancy for 6 days resulted in a depression of fetal body and organ weight and depression of maternal and fetal
plasma T4, T3, and cortisol concentration. However, an increase in fetal plasma
T4 and T3 concentration rates suggests enhanced de-iodination of T4. In human
fetuses, late in gestation, a rise in plasma cortisol may not be necessary for organ
maturation. Considerable species differences have been observed concerning the
type of hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.
Keywords: Dexamethasone, fetal cortisol, Thyroxin, Triiodothyronine, Guinea
pigs.
Evaluating the Acceptability and Feasibility of a Sexual Health–Focused Contraceptive Decision Aid for Diverse Young Adults: User-Centered Usability Study
Authors: Goueth Rose , Darney Blair , Hoffman Aubri , Eden Karen B
Published: October 2023

Background

Young adults with low sexual health literacy levels may find it difficult to make informed decisions about contraceptive methods. We developed and pilot-tested a web-based decision aid—Healthy Sex Choices—designed to support diverse young adults with their contraceptive decision-making.

Objective

This pilot study aimed to evaluate whether the Healthy Sex Choices decision aid is acceptable and feasible to patients and clinicians.

Methods

We used the Ottawa Decision Support Framework and the International Patient Decision Aid Standards to develop and pilot the decision tool. We first conducted a needs assessment with our advisory panel (5 clinicians and 2 patients) that informed decision aid development. All panelists participated in semistructured interviews about their experience with contraceptive counseling. Clinicians also completed a focus group session centered around the development of sex education content for the tool. Before commencing the pilot study, 5 participants from ResearchMatch (Vanderbilt University Medical Center) assessed the tool and suggested improvements.

Results

Participants were satisfied with the tool, rating the acceptability as “good.” Interviewees revealed that the tool made contraceptive decision-making easier and would recommend the tool to a family member or friend. Participants had a nonsignificant change in knowledge scores (53% before vs 45% after; P=.99). Overall, decisional conflict scores significantly decreased (16.1 before vs 2.8 after; P<.001) with the informed subscale (patients feeling more informed) having the greatest decline (23.1 vs 4.7; mean difference 19.0, SD 27.1). Subanalyses of contraceptive knowledge and decisional conflict illustrated that participants of color had lower knowledge scores (48% vs 55%) and higher decisional conflict (20.0 vs 14.5) at baseline than their white counterparts.

Conclusions

Participants found Healthy Sex Choices to be acceptable and reported reduced decisional conflict after using the tool. The development and pilot phases of this study provided a foundation for creating reproductive health decision aids that acknowledge and provide guidance for diverse patient populations.
Deep Learning Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Confidence Expressed on Twitter in 6 High-Income Countries: Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Zhou Xinyu , Song Suhang , Zhang Ying , Hou Zhiyuan
Published: October 2023

Background

An ongoing monitoring of national and subnational trajectory of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy could offer support in designing tailored policies on improving vaccine uptake.

Objective

We aim to track the temporal and spatial distribution of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence expressed on Twitter during the entire pandemic period in major English-speaking countries.

Methods

We collected 5,257,385 English-language tweets regarding COVID-19 vaccination between January 1, 2020, and June 30, 2022, in 6 countries—the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Ireland. Transformer-based deep learning models were developed to classify each tweet as intent to accept or reject COVID-19 vaccination and the belief that COVID-19 vaccine is effective or unsafe. Sociodemographic factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence in the United States were analyzed using bivariate and multivariable linear regressions.

Results

The 6 countries experienced similar evolving trends of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence. On average, the prevalence of intent to accept COVID-19 vaccination decreased from 71.38% of 44,944 tweets in March 2020 to 34.85% of 48,167 tweets in June 2022 with fluctuations. The prevalence of believing COVID-19 vaccines to be unsafe continuously rose by 7.49 times from March 2020 (2.84% of 44,944 tweets) to June 2022 (21.27% of 48,167 tweets). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence varied by country, vaccine manufacturer, and states within a country. The democrat party and higher vaccine confidence were significantly associated with lower vaccine hesitancy across US states.

Conclusions

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and confidence evolved and were influenced by the development of vaccines and viruses during the pandemic. Large-scale self-generated discourses on social media and deep learning models provide a cost-efficient approach to monitoring routine vaccine hesitancy.
Translating and Testing a Digital Game Promoting Vegetable Consumption in Young Children: Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Bucher Della Torre Sophie , Lages Marlene , Dias Sara S , Guarino Maria P , Braga-Pontes Cátia
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND

Promoting healthy eating in children is key to preventing chronic diseases, and vegetable consumption is notably lower than recommended in this population. Among the interventions tested, gamification has shown promise in promoting familiarization, increasing knowledge, and potentially increasing vegetable intake.

OBJECTIVE

This pilot study aimed first to translate the digital game “Veggies4myHeart” into French and to assess its influence on young children’s preferences and willingness to taste vegetables when combined with repeated tasting and education. We also aimed to investigate the acceptability and applicability of the game in 2 classrooms.

METHODS

During 5 consecutive weekly sessions, children from 2 elementary classes played the digital game consisting of 5 mini games on different vegetables (lettuce, carrot, red cabbage, cucumber, and tomato) in pairs for 10-15 minutes. In addition, they discussed one of the vegetables and tasted the 5 vegetables in each session. Pretest and posttest food preferences and willingness to taste the vegetables were compared. Teachers participated in a semistructured interview.

RESULTS

A total of 45 children aged 5 to 6 years tested the French version of the digital game. The children’s declared food preferences were already high for carrot, cucumber, and tomato, with scores higher than 4 out of a maximum of 5. The scores did not change significantly after the intervention, except for red cabbage (pretest: mean 2.52, SD 1.49; posttest: mean 3.29, SD 1.67; P=.006) and a composite score (pretest: mean 3.76, SD 1.06; posttest: mean 4.05, SD 1.03; P=.001). Before the intervention, 18 (44%), 30 (73%), 16 (39%), 29 (71%), and 26 (63%) children out of 41 were willing to taste lettuce, carrot, red cabbage, cucumber, and tomato, respectively. After the intervention, no significant statistical differences were observed, with 23 (51%), 36 (80%), 24 (53%), 33 (73%), and 29 (64%) children out of 45 willing to taste lettuce, carrot, red cabbage, cucumber, and tomato, respectively. Teachers supported this tool combined with repeated tasting and education and highlighted facilitators and barriers that should be anticipated to improve implementation in schools.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we translated an existing digital game applicable and acceptable to both children and teachers. A larger study is warranted to confirm the effectiveness of interventions using the digital game to promote vegetable preference, willingness to taste, and intake.
Контроль болю і запалення в травматологічних пацієнтів у ранньому післяопераційному періоді
Authors: Burіanov O.A. , Omelchenko T.M. , Kvasha V.P. , Turchyn O.A.
Published: October 2023

Сучасний підхід до раннього післяопераційного знеболювання пацієнтів з больовим синдромом помірної інтенсивності характеризується тенденцією до уникнення застосування опіоїдних аналгетиків через низку негативних побічних ефектів від їх застосування. Серед ефективних засобів ненаркотичного знеболювання даної категорії пацієнтів є нестероїдні протизапальні препарати з периферичним і центральним механізмом дії в комбінації з ацетамінофеном або без неї. У роботі подано результати оцінки аналгетичної ефективності ін’єкційної форми кеторолаку трометаміну в травматологічних пацієнтів у ранньому післяопераційному періоді порівняно із застосуванням наркотичного аналгетика. Показано переваги застосування ін’єкційної форми кеторолаку трометаміну перед наркотичним аналгетиком промедолом у складі комплексної аналгезії за критеріями ефективності й тривалості знеболювання. Водночас за критеріями швидкості настання знеболювального ефекту й необхідного терміну лікування кеторолаку трометамін не відрізняється від наркотичних аналгетиків. Аналіз негативних побічних ефектів у групах клінічного спостереження показав їх меншу частоту й вираженість при застосуванні кеторолаку трометаміну порівняно з наркотичним аналгетиком.
Las galerías de pintura y el laberinto de palabras: La Academia de San Carlos y el Diálogo sobre la historia de la pintura en México, de José Bernardo Couto
Authors: De Santiago Silva José , González Mello Renato
Published: October 2023

El artículo se divide en dos partes. En la primera se hace un análisis de las consecuencias de la nacionalización de los bienes del clero en la política y los escritos del intelectual conservador José Bernardo Couto, presidente de la Junta Directiva de la Academia de San Carlos. En seguida, se hace una comparación entre el acopio y la disposición de las Galerías de la Academia, el Museo del Prado y el Museo del Louvre, en su relación con procesos de secularización semejantes al mexicano, y se pone atención especial en la catalogación de sus colecciones. en la segunda parte del artículo propone que la digitalización no se apoya en el paradigma espacial que permitía el registro y orden de las colecciones de arte, y establece en su lugar un paradigma lexicológico. Una comparación entre los instrumentos de consulta y autoridad para el registro de obras de arte, los Tesauros del Patrimonio Cultural Español, el Art and Architecture Thesaurus del Instituto Getty, y la jerarquía y vocabulario propuestos por Antonio Palomino en el Museo pictórico y escala óptica, no permiten llegar a conclusiones demasiado optimistas sobre el futuro inmediato de la acelerada catalogación del patrimonio en todo el mundo. El artículo concluye con la propuesta del uso de herramientas de inteligencia artificial para mejorar las búsquedas, y anticipa que posiblemente este cambio de paradigma lleve al regreso de un sistema comparativo semejante al que, de acuerdo con la investigación especializada, existía en Europa antes de instaurarse el Museo del Louvre y el Kunsthistorische Museum de Viena.
PULPOTOMIA COMO TRATAMENTO CONSERVADOR NA ODONTOPEDIATRIA: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Santos Bruna Paula Pereira dos , Góes Roberto Wagner Lopes
Published: October 2023

Pediatric dentistry is the field responsible for the care and treatment of oral health in children and adolescents. Pulpotomy emerges as an important conservative technique used in the treatment of deciduous teeth affected by pulp lesions. Deciduous teeth play a crucial role in facial development, as well as serving as guides for the eruption of permanent teeth and maintaining space for proper occlusion. It is essential to preserve them when possible, avoiding the need for extraction or more invasive procedures. Pulpotomy is indicated when there is inflammation in the coronal pulp caused by caries or trauma but with preservation of radicular pulp vitality. The procedure involves the partial removal of the affected pulp, the application of medication in the cavity, and subsequent restoration, with the aim of maintaining pulp vitality, relieving pain, and preventing future complications. This research aims to analyze pulpotomy as an efficient treatment option in pediatric dentistry. The study is based on the methodology of narrative literature review. The results obtained by analyzing pulpotomy in pediatric dentistry demonstrate its effectiveness in preserving the pulp vitality, function, and aesthetics of affected deciduous teeth, with the technique providing a less traumatic treatment for children. The choice of obturating materials used in pulpotomy is a crucial aspect for the success of the treatment. Various materials, such as formocresol, calcium hydroxide, and biodentine, have been studied and applied in clinical practice. The selection of the appropriate material should take into account characteristics such as biocompatibility, non-irritation of the tooth, ease of manipulation, hermetic sealing, and mechanical resistance. Thus, when performed correctly and with the use of appropriate obturating materials, it offers an effective and safe treatment, respecting the principles of preserving dental integrity and promoting long-term oral health.
CONHECIMENTO DE CIRURGIÕES DENTISTAS NA SELEÇÃO E CIMENTAÇÃO DE PINOS DE FIBRA DE VIDRO
Authors: Gomes Karollayne Khálitta Côrrea , Dias Mariana Marins , Sousa Elisabete Aparecida Rosário de , Dias Pâmella Coelho , Viana Henrique Cury
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study is to record the knowledge of dentists in relation to the selection and cementation technique of the fiberglass post in the daily routine of dental professionals to check which fiberglass post brand and anatomy are most used; to describe the reasons that lead the professionals to choose this technique, as well as analyze the types of cement available and the one most used by dentists in cementing the fiberglass post. In addition to helping dental students with information on the topic, taking into account the fact that this type of retainer is a great choice for the reconstruction of endodontically treated teeth, as it is a cost-effective material, it is resistant to chewing forces, aesthetic and simple technique. To carry out the research, an electronic questionnaire was applied, with objective questions for dental students from Faculdade Patos de Minas (FPM), via a Google Forms form, aiming to acquire data on how the dentists use the fiberglass post. Given the results obtained, among the materials used for cementing the post, there was a great preference for dual resin cement, as it has a good adhesion and resistance, however, it has an unsatisfactory polymerization. Furthermore, it was observed that the self-adhesive resin cement launched on the market recently has been highly praised for presenting several advantages. It is concluded that dual resin cement is the most used by dentists in dental offices today, but self-adhesive cement has been the best choice, as it presents properties similar to previous cements and resistance equivalent to conventional cements according to the literature researched.
Political Urban and Rural Studies: Introducing the Issue
Authors: Morozova Elena V. , Volkova Anna V.
Published: October 2023

The increase in the political subjectivity of non-state actors, primarily megacities, has long been articulated, but still has not received sufficient understanding. The ongoing processes of urbanization and globalization, on the one hand, and the processes of deurbanization and deglobalization, clearly manifested during the pandemic, give rise to many complex tasks of political management that require new approaches both in practice and in the theory of politics. The editorial board presents the current issue of the journal devoted to analysing the problems of the city and the countryside from a political perspective, stating political urban and rural studies as a subdiscipline of political science taking its first steps.
Digital Systems in Public Policy and Urban Planning: Lobbying, Examples, and Recommendations for Further Application
Authors: Kurochkin Alexander V. , Dedul Anastasia G. , Shalev Lev S. , Babyuk Irina A.
Published: October 2023

The use of digital systems in the face of growing global competition is one of the most important trends in the development of both corporate and public governance worldwide. Hence, the key task of the article is to analyze the specifics of the implementation and optimization of digital management systems in terms of minimizing political and economic risks. A comparative analysis of various cases clearly demonstrates that even lobbying for the introduction of digital planning and management systems can have both a positive and negative impact on government policy, depending on the specific situation. However, the demand for their use in state institutions at the federal and regional levels is only increasing every year, which opens up opportunities not only for potential customers, but also for performers and developers of digital systems. The authors prove that the deployment of innovative management technologies plays a crucial role in shaping the competitiveness and profitability of a company in both the public and private sectors. As an example, the authors consider options for implementing an enterprise resource planning system (ERP systems or Enterprise Resource Planning, i.e. a software solution that integrates the various business processes and functions of an organization into a single system), which led to failures due to a number of factors. On the other hand, examples of successful implementation of digital transformation projects in Russia are presented and a list of factors worth paying attention to when implementing urban planning projects in order to avoid financial losses in the future is given. The introduction of digital management systems in the practice of functioning of the unified system of public authority of the Russian Federation is an important step towards improving the management of public resources and improving the efficiency of government structures in general.
The Leadership in the Institutional System of Rural Development Policy: The Results of the Empirical Study in Krasnodar Region
Authors: Miroshnichenko Inna V. , Samarkina Irina V. , Tereshina Maria V.
Published: October 2023

There is a lack of explanatory models and analytical tools for studying the role of intangible resources in rural development. Based on the results of theoretical modeling and empirical data from independent field studies, the article identifies and characterizes the leadership potential in the institutional system of rural development in the Krasnodar region. The multilevel analysis of leadership as an important component of intangible resources for rural development reveals the considerable potential of a set of resources (human, personal, professional, network, and institutional), which at present is not fully realized in the system of rural development institutions in the Krasnodar region. Leadership as an intangible development resource achieves the greatest effect when it comes to the creation of leadership communities and the institutional practices of their functioning as territorial development institutions. Regional and local identity act as the foundation and significant factors determining the leaders’ orientation towards involvement in the territorial development policies and building systems of human capital formation in rural communities, which can become one of the main directions for regional development strategies.
The Rural Areas of the Krasnodar Region in the Context of Spatial Development Policy: A Socio-Demographic Aspect
Authors: Rakachev Vadim N.
Published: October 2023

The development of rural areas of the Krasnodar region has to be studied within the framework of the spatial development policies implemented at the federal and regional levels and the features of social and demographic processes in the rural population of the region. The author concludes about significant structural changes in the composition of the rural population of the Kuban, which, due to the inertia of demographic processes, are not yet so noticeable today, but in the future may become irreversible. The author also notes that the development of rural areas in the region, in the presence of several general trends, is characterized by heterogeneity, which requires the development and implementation of spatial development programs considering the characteristics of specific rural areas. In addition, it should be considered that the models used in the implementation of rural development policies should consider not so much the economic component of the village (sectoral model), but focus on the development, first of all, of human capital in the unique conditions of a particular territory (neo-endogenous and territorial models).
Aristotle’s metaphysical concept of place and time in the light of Gilles Deleuze’s simulacrum idea
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Oleinik Varvara
Published: October 2023

Introduction. The author analyzes the problem of time in Aristotle’s metaphysical ontology through the prism of G. Deleuze’s simulacrum concept. The purpose of this paper is to search for new interpretive possibilities for building a modern philosophical time theory. Methods. The methodological basis of the study is (G. Deleuze’s simulacrum idea) the basic principles of simulacrum building, which are applied to Aristo- tle’s theory of time. Scientific novelty of the study. The study focuses on the relationship of time and difference, dif- ference and meaning. The author substantiates the thesis about the simulative nature of time in Aristotle’s ontological system. On the basis of the relationship, the author proposes and reveals the idea of synchrony, which could combine these two phenomena into a single system of relations, with- out reducing one to the other and without falling into a vicious circle. Results. On the basis of the analysis, it was re- vealed that time in Aristotle’s concept has the fea- tures of a simulacrum. The analysis makes it pos- sible to define synchrony as a temporal concept. Conclusions. The proposed method makes it pos- sible to carry out similar types of analysis in other metaphysical systems in order to determine the possibility of identifying a concept.
The State-Owned Entities as Investors: The International Legal Framework
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Andreeva Natalia S.
Published: October 2023

In this article, the author examines the notion of state-owned entities in the practice of international organisations, and the different approaches to the extension of investor status to state-owned entities under international investment agreements. As a result of the analysis, the author formulates the characteristics of state-owned entities as investors in the international legal context and establishes that in the vast majority of cases state-owned entities are not excluded from the investor concept, and therefore shall be covered by the protection of international investment agreements.
The Problem of Non-Execution of Decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Far Eastern Federal University, Borisova Viktoriya R.
Published: October 2023

In the article the author analyzes the problem of non-execution of decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. It is emphasized that this circumstance undermines the supremacy of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The author gives a specifi c example, when a decision of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation was issued in the interests of the applicants, however, the corresponding federal law was not adopted in the manner prescribed by law. Solutions to this problem are proposed. The necessity of allowing the courts of the Russian Federation to allow the possibility of appealing against the inaction of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation according to the rules of Chapter 22 of the Code of Administrative Procedure is substantiated. The author criticizes the position of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the impossibility of such actions if the adoption or amendment of a federal law has become the subject of consideration by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. It is concluded that such a position violates the constitutional principle of separation of powers.
TRIBUTAÇÃO SOBRE AS VENDAS E SUA ABORDAGEM NAS TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS NO PERÍODO 2007-2021
Authors: Santinon Bernardo Falavigna , Eckert Alex , Benato Marina
Published: October 2023

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as principais conclusões das Teses e Dissertações brasileiras no que se refere aos tributos sobre vendas, entre os anos de 2007-2021. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, descritiva e de caráter predominantemente qualitativo. A amostra analisada é composta por doze Dissertações e uma Tese, as quais foram analisadas de modo a identificar os principais achados e conclusões. Os resultados demonstraram as características do sistema tributário brasileiro e a dificuldade que este ocasiona aos contribuintes em geral, bem como a complexidade da sistemática de arrecadação tributária no país, a qual tornou-se um empecilho aos empresários e um custo expressivo aos consumidores. Além disso, os resultados evidenciaram que o mercado brasileiro possui um alto nível de regulamentação e a Constituição sofre constantes mudanças, desta forma, foi possível identificar que o próprio sistema tributário dificulta o crescimento econômico nacional. Houve poucos casos identificados nesse estudo no que diz respeito à economia de tributos, como por exemplo o aumento da prática da elisão fiscal. Portanto, analisando as adversidades do sistema, é possível concluir que as medidas governamentais, na maioria dos casos, acarretam no aumento da arrecadação de tributos aos cofres públicos, e quase nunca beneficiam os contribuintes.
Biblical Issues in the Holy Word to Peter, Alexy and Jonah by Prince S.I. Shakhovskoy
Authors:   Moscow Pedagogical State University, Medvedev Alexander A.
Published: October 2023

The article examines the consideration and functioning of biblical quotations and images in the unpublished Holy Word to the Moscow Metropolitans Peter, Alexy and Jonah by Prince S.I. Shakhovskoy, which is in the collection of prince’s works (RDM RSL, f.173.1, no. 231, ll. 213–267). Prince S.I. Shakhovskoy actively used extensive quotations from the Holy Scriptures in the monument dedicated to the Moscow saints. This circumstance is dictated by the intention of the work — educational and didactic. Biblical quotations of commendable word (prelates Peter, Alexy and Jonah are presented to readers as saints of God, scribes depict the spiritual qualities of monument heroes), it can be introduced into the text and indicating the source (or author) and without it, exactly or with a change in the quote form, as well as a paraphrase. All biblical quotations and analogies that are found in the text are intended to glorify the saint and enhance the emotional coloring of author’s speech. As it was traditional in Old Russian texts, biblical borrowings are used by author to narrate events and explain their course, to depict characters in a laudatory word, and also to enhance the emotionality of the narration, to create an expressive and embellished language that differs from everyday speech.
Unknown Pages of the Metropolitan of Gaza Paisius Ligarides’ History of the Patriarch Nicon’s Trial: Introduction to Book 3.
Authors:   Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Sevastyanova Svetlana K. , Rylik Polina A. ,   National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Bondach Albert G. ,   Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts
Published: October 2023

The article examines the unknown pages of the metropolitan of Gaza Paisius Ligarides’ history of patriarch Nicon’s trial. The Metropolitan of Gaza, Paisius Ligarides (1610–1678) was а highly significant representative of Greek Church in the 17th Century. During his time in Moscow (from 1662) he compiled some narratives, one of them describing the Patriarch Nicon’s (1605– 1681) trial. Ligarides, alongside other Greek hierarchs, was present at the trial which took place during the Great Moscow Synod 1666–1667. This narrative has never before been translated into Russian in its entirety. The first two books of the Synod’s History, as it is referred in the article, had selectively been translated into Russian in the middle of the 19th Century. The translation was based on a Greek manuscript found in the Moscow Synodal library, which dates back to 1670s. The same manuscript was also used by British theologist W. Palmer who published in 1873 a more comprehensive albeit incomplete English translation. It appears that this English edition, and not the original Greek, had been used as the source for the Russian translation of the 3rd book of the Synod’s History. Until now the extensive Introduction had remained untranslated with the short English summary, made by W. Palmer being the only part rendered into Russian. After detailed and complex historical and literary research, we are delighted to publish for the first time the original text of the Introduction to the 3rd book of the Synod’s History, based on the Greek manuscript no. 371 (675) of the Romanian Academy Library, and its contemporary translation into Russian. We have attempted to identify the original sources and to clarify author’s intentions while adhering to his rhetorical technique and Ligarides’ literary device — an appeal to antiquity. The publication of the text is accompanied by factual commentary.
Image of Fire in the Ladder of John Climacus
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Popova Tatiana G.
Published: October 2023

The article examines the image of fire in the Ladder of John Climacus on the basis of the manuscripts of the first Slavic translation of monument. The main verbalizer of the concept “fire” is the lexeme πῦρ огнь, which occurs 71 times in the book: 17 times in the designation of fire as a physical phenomenon and 54 times in a symbolic sense (18 times as punishing fire and 36 times as blessed fire). Fire lives in heart of a monk, and it can be both the fire of love and the fire of passions. The main function of lexeme fire in the Ladder is to designate fire as a servant of God, who can both punish and pardon. The punishing fire can be God himself, Gehenna and passions in the human soul. The merciful fire can be God himself and good deeds (prayer, faith, crying, etc.). Statistical analysis led to the conclusion that the main function of image of fire in the Ladder is the designation of love for the Lord. The article names the Byzantine codices of the Ladder, close to the text of the lost original of the first Slavic translation, indicates the errors of scribe of the oldest manuscript of the translation, and also names 4 lexemes that are not recorded in the historical dictionaries of the Russian and Old Slavonic languages.
On the New Interpretations of “Dark Places” in The Tale of Igor’s Campaign
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ranchin Andrey M.
Published: October 2023

The article examines the interpretation of the so-called “dark places” (obscure in meaning and function of the fragments), which are contained in the books of V.A. Vorontsov and A.A. Utkin dedicated to The Tale of Igor’s Campaign. Both interpreters consider The Tale, placing it in contexts that are fundamentally new in comparison with the background against which this literary monument was usually studied. However, these contexts themselves in V.A. Vorontsov and A.A. Utkin are completely different. In the monograph by V.A. Vorontsov is a Turkic-speaking cultural environment and alleged Turkic-speaking legends, in the book of A.A. Utkin — pagan mythology, mostly Scandinavian. V.A. Vorontsov proceeds from the idea of creating the core of the work in the Turkic environment and in the Turkic language. The names of the pagan gods that are present in the text of The Tale, the researcher interprets as the result of a Russian co-author’s or scribes’ misunderstanding of some Turkic “epics” about the campaign of Prince Igor. In contrast to V.A. Vorontsov A.A. Utkin considers the names of pagan gods in The Tale as elements of a mythological system that was historically common to Scandinavians and Slavs. Veles, Dazhbog, Troyan, mentioned in the text of the monument, he considers different names for the same deity and identifies them with Odin. According to the researcher, the author of The Tale proceeds from the idea of this god as the ancestor of the Rurikovich. The article proves that both hypotheses are unfounded and ignore the data of the text.
Attribution of Singing Schools of Moscow Rus’ by the Features of Musical Style
Authors:   Higher Theatre School (Institute) named after M.S. SHchepkin at the State Academic Maly Theatre of Russia, Pozhidaeva Galina A.
Published: October 2023

The article examines the attribution of singing schools of Moscow Rus’ by the features of musical style. The regional attribution of works of literature and art used in literary criticism and art history according to stylistic features is also possible in musical medievalistics. The basis for this is the stylistic commonality of monastic schools of church singing — Northern and Central Russian — with the main singing schools, respectively, Novgorod and Moscow. Since Veliky Novgorod and Moscow, as major cultural centers, served the monasteries of the regions, singing culture of the parish churches of these centers could not be isolated from the monastic culture. Therefore, projection of the stylistic norms of monastic singing, more studied by the author, on the parish one makes it possible to reveal its belonging to Novgorod or Moscow school (while specific general monastic features are not considered). The analysis was carried out on the material of hymns: hymns of Dormition of the Theotokos and Easter of demetic chant and the stichira “Come, let us please Joseph” of the 5th and 8th voices of the znamenny chant. The results of analysis prove that Dormition’s hymn and stichira to the 8th voice belong to the Novgorod singing school, and the Easter-hymn of tune of Fyodor Krestyanin and stichira of the 5th voice belong to the Moscow singing school.
Fremtidens innovatører gjennom studentfrivillighet?
Authors: Berg Sivertsen Ingrid , Haneberg Dag Håkon , Solvoll Sølvi
Published: October 2023

Innovative løsninger og nyskapende virksomheter er sentralt for et velferdssamfunn, og for å få til det i tiden fremover må dagens studenter opparbeide seg innovasjonskompetanse. Dessverre er dette kompetanser som ikke nødvendigvis blir vektlagt utviklet i løpet av det formelle studieløpet. Samtidig består studietiden av mer enn det formelle studieløpet, og ved norske universiteter og høyskoler er det mange ulike frivillige organisasjoner drevet av studentene selv. Dette gjør at studenter opparbeider seg mye kompetanse gjennom engasjement i studentdrevne organisasjoner, og denne artikkelen setter søkelys på hvilke innovasjonskompetanser som utvikles, og hvordan dette eventuelt skjer. Først utviklet vi et rammeverk for innovasjonskompetanse bestående av: (1) kreativitet og utforskende aktivitet, (2) problemløsning, (3) strategisk tenkning, samt (4) samarbeids- og kommunikasjonsferdigheter. Deretter gjennomførte vi en studie med dybdeintervjuer med 14 studenter ved ulike utdanningsinstitusjoner i Norge som til sammen enten deltar eller har deltatt i 51 ulike verv. Funnene våre viser hvordan engasjement utover studiene bidrar til at studentene tilegner seg kunnskaper som de ikke får gjennom studiene. Økt kompetanse i å jobbe i tverrfaglige grupper, trygghet i håndtering av konflikter, handlingskompetanse og større nettverk er noen erfaringer studentene sitter igjen med som er i samsvar med innovasjonskompetanse. Vi mener derfor at studentfrivillighet kan gi viktig innovasjonskompetanse for fremtidens arbeidsliv.
HRM ved et veiskille
Authors: Nilsen Elin Anita , Høgvold Olsen Trude
Published: October 2023

Den internasjonale forskningslitteraturen tegner et bilde av at HRM (human resource management, på norsk personalledelse) står ved et veiskille. Dette aktualiserer debatten om forskning–praksis-gap – situasjoner der praktikerne er opptatt av sine ting, og forskerne sysler med sitt – fordi det kan hemme kunnskapsutvikling. Vi har undersøkt utfordringene for HRM-praksis og HRM-forskning som løftes fram i forskningslitteraturen, hvordan disse utfordringene impliserer forskning–praksis-gap, og hva som løftes fram som forslag for å tette det. Vi gjennomførte en litteraturstudie av artikler publisert i høyt rangerte HRM-tidsskrifter. Vi fant at utfordringsbildet kan knyttes til fire hovedtema: (1) revitalisering av HRM-funksjonens rolle som de ansattes talerør, (2) nye HRM-praksiser, (3) positivistisk forskning med utilstrekkelige teorier, og (4) utvidet verktøykasse for forskning. Utfordringene illustrerer ulike typer forskning–praksis-gap som beskrives i litteraturen. Vi finner imidlertid et framtredende gap som ikke i særlig grad har vært diskutert, og som antyder at verken forskning eller praksis har gode nok verktøy for å møte dagens utfordringer. Dette representerer et kunnskapsproduksjonsproblem. For å møte dette problemet kreves mer samarbeid og samhandling mellom praksis- og forskningsfeltet. Artikkelens kunnskapsoppsummering er et godt verktøy for å drøfte tiltak i samarbeidet mellom forskning og praksis.
Exploring Grade 11 Learners’ Mathematical Connections when Solving Trigonometric Equations
Authors: Maphutha Kgaladi , Mutodi Paul , Phele Elizabeth
Published: October 2023

In this paper, we explored the intra-mathematical connections that grade 11 learners make when solving trigonometric equations. The study was guided by Mowat’s theory of mathematical connections in which nodes and links are used to connect mathematical concepts and topics. We used a qualitative case study design within an interpretive paradigm to explore the intra-mathematical connections learners make as they solved trigonometric equations. The study was conducted in a high school in Mankweng Circuit, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Convenience sampling was used to select 30 learners who participated in the study. Data was collected using documents and task-based interviews. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. The findings showed that learners made were able to make algebraic connections when solving trigonometric equations. They, however, were unable to make connections within trigonometry itself. This study, therefore, recommends that teachers stress the importance of connections when teaching trigonometry so that learners will not learn trigonometric concepts in isolation. In addition, it is recommended that further research be conducted on teaching strategies to improve learners’ mathematical connection skills when solving trigonometric equations.
Antimicrobial Additives for the Creation of Functional Polymer Materials for Various Applications
Authors:   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Mastalygina E.E. ,   Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of RAS, Kolesnikova L.A. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics,   NUST MISIS, Brovina S.D. ,   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: October 2023

Creation of the functionalized polymeric materials with additional properties is an important area of research. In this review the prospects are discussed related to imparting antimicrobial properties to polymers for further use of materials in the field of medicine, packaging products, hygiene and agricultural products, and other branches of industry. Based on the results of the assessment of existing methods, it is shown that the most technically simple approach is the introduction of an antimicrobial additive into the bulk of the polymer during its processing, which allows to avoid additional processing steps for the finished products. However, this approach is inexpedient from the point of view of saving the additive, which, as a rule, performs its functions only on the surface of the polymer products. Surface treatment of the finished polymer products with antimicrobial agents (coatings) is most preferable from the point of view of saving expensive additives. Among the antimicrobial additives used, inorganic substances (metals and their compounds), as well as organic and organometallic substances, including antibiotics, can be distinguished. As a rule, additives of natural origin, which are a mixture of substances, are distinguished into a separate group. According to the conducted analysis of the antimicrobial additives used, it is established that the inorganic antimicrobial additives are the most versatile for modifying various polymers. They can be used in the form of nanosized particles, which virtually eliminates their effect on the performance properties of the polymeric materials. In addition, the additives of inorganic nature have a high chemical and thermal stability, and therefore are suitable for introducing into the polymer melt at the stage of its processing. Organic and organometallic substances are, as a rule, more sensitive to high temperatures, which limits their use as additives in the polymeric materials. However, they are more effective against pathogenic microorganisms.
The Fourth Estate? The Experiences of Cape Verdean Journalists
Authors: Saati Abrak
Published: October 2023

This article explores how being a small island jurisdiction affects actors in the journalism sector. The media is often referred to as the fourth estate, an institution inherently important for democracy. By scrutinizing politicians, journalists have the possibility to reveal transgressions and provide the public insight into how powerholders are performing as state officials. With this knowledge, the public can make informed decisions as to who will earn their vote in coming elections. This article studies the space for manoeuvre of investigative journalism in a small island state where the interconnectedness of people – journalists, sources, and powerholders – is a fact. It does so by studying the case of Cape Verde, a small island nation with 560 000 residents. Interviews with 12 Cape Verdian journalists from a range of the most important media outlets in the country, reveal that although freedom of expression and freedom of the press are constitutionally guaranteed, there are substantial practical limitations of free journalism. Respondents tell of widespread self-censorship, underfunding, and political interference as aspects that limit the possibility of conducting their work in a manner that would make them the watchdog institution that most of them aspire to and wish they could be.
Friction Losses During Slip Conditions in Regenerative Braking of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Budijono Agung Prijo
Published: October 2023

The regenerative braking system (RBS) in electric vehicles (EVs) enhances its capability against internal combustion engines (ICE). Antilock braking system (ABS) is widely used in RBS because of its maneuverability and safety. One of the purposes of applying ABS is to avoid slippage. Slip on the braking process, especially hydraulic brakes, results in a difference in time to stop the wheels and the vehicle. It is avoided because it relies on friction between the tires and the road to stop transportation. Timing results showed that ABS with high frequency, above 30 Hz, tended to act like hydraulic brakes. Hydraulic brakes achieved the highest time difference, 8 seconds at 2250 rpm. It increased the distance of 350 m in slipping while the lowest time difference ABS 10 Hz owned, 0.1 seconds at the same rpm. Slips caused losses. These losses could be minimized with low-frequency ABS. It converted the friction between the wheels and the brakes into electrical energy instead of stopping the vehicle. As a result, the 10 Hz ABS had the highest potency stored despite the lowest performance.
Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Laterite Soil Treated with Quicklime
Authors: Razali Roslizayati
Published: October 2023

The present study examines the effect of lime stabilisation on the mechanical properties of laterite soil. Compaction tests were performed in order to obtain optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD) for untreated and lime treated laterite soil. A series of Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were carried out on the specimen containing different percentages of lime. In preparing test specimens, laterite soil was initially compacted at their respective OMC and MDD conditions and allowed to cure for 0, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days before being tested. Results for the standard compaction test show an increasing trend for optimum moisture content (OMC), whereas maximum dry density (MDD) decreased as the concentration of lime increased. On the other hand, UCS results indicated that all percentages of lime treated laterite increased in strength with the curing period.
Effect of Elevated temperatures on Tenera Oil Palm Shell Concrete on Compressive Strength and Weight Loss
Authors: Hama Mohammed Fadhil
Published: October 2023

Many studies have been conducted on the use of Dura type oil palm shells (OPS) as a replacement for the conventional aggregates in concrete. However, insufficient studies have been done on a new hybrid type called Tenera OPS by utilising it as a coarse aggregate in concrete. Likewise, just one study has been done on the effect of elevated temperatures on oil palm shell concrete (OPSC) made with Dura OPS. The study of elevated temperatures on concrete is vital to further understand its mechanical strength capability when a structure undergoes a fire incident for a certain amount of time for safety considerations. This study focuses on the compressive strength and weight reduction effects of Tenera OPS-concrete (Tenera-OPSC) when exposed to elevated temperatures at 150, 250, and 350 ºC. In addition, colour change, crack patterns and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) analysis was also evaluated when concrete samples were exposed to elevated temperatures in this study. The results indicate high strength reduction of Tenera-OPSC compared to NWC when exposed to elevated temperatures with a decrease of 50% at 350 ºC. A weight reduction of 43% was observed in the Tenera-OPSC type compared to NWC at 350 ºC. Further recommendations have been made for future studies.