bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards Interpretable LSTM-based Modelling of Hydrological Systems
Authors: De la Fuente Luis Andres , Ehsani Mohammad Reza , Gupta Hoshin Vijai , Condon Laura Elizabeth
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) machine learning based modeling to outperform traditional spatially-lumped process-based modeling approaches for streamflow prediction. However, due mainly to the structural complexity of the LSTM network (which includes gating operations and sequential processing of the data), difficulties can arise when interpreting the internal processes and weights in the model. Here, we propose and test a modification of LSTM architecture that is calibrated in a manner that is analogous to a hydrological system. Our architecture, called HydroLSTM, simulates the sequential updating of the Markovian storage while the gating operation has access to historical information. Specifically, we modify how data is fed to the new representation to facilitate simultaneous access to past lagged inputs and consolidated information, which explicitly acknowledges the importance of trends and patterns in the data. We compare the performance of the HydroLSTM and LSTM architectures using data from 10 hydro-climatically varied catchments. We further examine how the new architecture exploits the information in lagged inputs, for 588 catchments across the USA. The HydroLSTM-based models require fewer cell states to obtain similar performance to their LSTM-based counterparts. Further, the weight patterns associated with lagged input variables are interpretable and consistent with regional hydroclimatic characteristics (snowmelt-dominated, recent rainfall-dominated, and historical rainfall-dominated). These findings illustrate how the hydrological interpretability of LSTM-based models can be enhanced by appropriate architectural modifications that are physically and conceptually consistent with our understanding of the system.
Simulating low-frequency wind fluctuations
Authors: Syed Abdul Haseeb , Mann Jakob
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Large-scale flow structures are vital in influencing the dynamic response of floating wind turbines and wake meandering behind large offshore wind turbines. It is imperative that we develop an inflow wind turbulence model capable of replicating the large-scale and low-frequency wind fluctuations occurring in the marine atmosphere since the current turbulence models do not account well for this phenomenon. Here, we present a method to simulate low-frequency wind fluctuations. This method employs the two-dimensional spectral tensor for low-frequency, anisotropic wind fluctuations presented by Syed and Mann (2023) to generate stochastic wind fields. The simulation method generates large-scale 2D wind fields for the longitudinal u and lateral v  wind components. The low-frequency wind turbulence is assumed to be independent of the high-frequency turbulence thus a broad spectral representation can be obtained just by superposing the two turbulent wind fields. The method is tested by comparing the simulated and theoretical spectra and co-coherences of the combined low- and high-frequency fluctuations. Furthermore, the low-frequency wind fluctuations can also be subjected to anisotropy. The resulting wind fields from this method can be used to analyze the impact of low-frequency wind fluctuations on wind turbine loads and dynamic response and for studying the wake meandering behind large offshore wind farms.
Analysis and multi-objective optimisation of wind turbine torque control strategies
Authors: Brandetti Livia , Mulders Sebastiaan Paul , Liu Yichao , Watson Simon , van Wingerden Jan-Willem
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The combined wind speed estimator and tip-speed ratio (WSE–TSR) tracking wind turbine control scheme has seen recent and increased traction from the wind industry. The modern control scheme provides a flexible trade-off between power and load objectives. On the other hand, the Kω2 controller is often used based on its simplicity and steady-state optimality and is taken as a baseline here. This paper investigates the potential benefits of the WSE–TSR tracking controller compared to the baseline by analysis through a frequency-domain framework and by optimal calibration through a systematic procedure. A multi-objective optimisation problem is formulated for calibration with the conflicting objectives of power maximisation and torque fluctuation minimisation. The optimisation problem is solved by approximating the Pareto front based on the set of optimal solutions found by an explorative search. The Pareto fronts were obtained by mid-fidelity simulations with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 5 MW turbine under turbulent wind conditions for calibration of the baseline and for increasing fidelities of the WSE–TSR tracking controller. Optimisation results show that the WSE–TSR tracking controller does not provide further benefits in energy capture compared to the baseline Kω2 controller. There is, however, a trade-off in torque control variance and power capture with control bandwidth. By lowering the bandwidth at the expense of generated power of 2 %, the torque actuation effort reduces by 80 % with respect to the optimal calibration corresponding to the highest control bandwidth.
Association between caregiver burden in family and hemodialysis compliance of chronic kidney disease patients in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Al-Muchtari Teuku AZ. , Syukri Maimun , Yusni Yusni
Published: October 2023

Patient compliance toward undergoing treatment determines its success rate. Unfortunately, the compliance among hemodialysis patients is concerning. Supports from family has been suggested influence the patient compliance, especially from a family member who acts as a caregiver. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the level of caregiver burden and compliance in hemodialysis patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Dialysis Installation at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The study sample was family members who accompanied hemodialysis patients. The minimal number of patients was determined of which 67 respondents were required and therefore recruited. Caregiver burden was collected using direct interview using Caregiver Burden Assessment questionnaire. The results revealed that twenty-four respondents (35.8%) had moderate caregiver burden, while there were only nine respondents (13.4%) had very low caregiver burden. The majority of the hemodialysis patients were non-compliant (n=38, 56.7%). A Chi-squared test indicated a significant association between the status of caregiver burden and the patient compliance to hemodialysis (p=0.011). These findings stress the importance of addressing caregiver burden in ensuring the compliance of patients receiving hemodialysis.
STREAMLINING ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEABILITY THROUGH SCALABLE DECISION MAKING
Authors: Nantoi Vadim , Nantoi Daria
Published: October 2023

In modern organizations, decision-making processes are critical to effectively managing business operations. However, as organizations grow more complex, decision-making becomes more challenging and time-consuming, leading to a lack of agility, bottlenecks and decreased productivity. One of the assumptions in the article is that excessive complexity and uncontrolled secrecy in organizations lead to lack of understanding of how they work. This can be detrimental to decision-making processes, resulting in misinterpretations of data, misunderstandings of organizational objectives and ultimately, poor decision-making and results. These factors can create a wall of ignorance and irresponsibility within organizations. To address this issue, we propose the hypothesis that simplifying decision-making processes and making them more scalable and this will increase employee involvement and trust in the organization. Implementing scalable decision-making processes can create a framework for making consistent decisions across teams and departments, streamline the decision-making process, encourage critical thinking and enable the organization to respond more quickly and rationally to changing market conditions. The conclusion of the article is that applying scalable decision-making in organization can unlock new levels of manageability, improving the ability to make complex decisions and navigate dynamic situations. This model may be applicable to transportation and logistics companies, production units and plants and construction and manufacturing industries seeking to improve their performance and competitiveness in today's fast-paced business environment.
Formative Assessment in the English Language Classroom: A Review of Diversity and Complexities
Authors:   National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Kaur Kiren
Published: October 2023

Formative assessment has been found to play a significant role in enhancing the effectiveness of classroom learning. However, it is often regarded to be a complex construct given the diversity of definitions and practices associated with it. As teachers play a critical role in the implementation of formative forms of assessment in the English language classroom, this article aims to review and explore some of the diversity and complexities involved in comprehending what formative assessment entails alongside what practices are deemed to be formative. The article argues for the need for teachers to be aware of issues and challenges associated with formative assessment and the need for them to define what they regard to be formative alongside what formative practices should look like within their own specific contexts. This is essential when teachers embark on making decisions in implementing it as part of their assessment and classroom related literacy practices.
Utilizing Critical and Creativity Thinking to Enhance ESL Grammar and Vocabulary in Narrative Essay Writing among Malaysian Form-Four Learners
Authors:   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia, Ramasamy Raganeswari , Mohamad Mariam ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia, Sanmugam Mageswaran ,   Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia, Hooi Chee Mei ,   Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Malaysia
Published: October 2023

English as a Second Language (ESL)learners need to master all the four language skills which are listening, speaking, reading, and writing unconditionally. Nevertheless, most Malaysian ESL learners face a major problem in writing skill when compared with the other three skills. The 21stcentury learning skills are divided into the main four skills which are communication, collaboration, critical thinking, and creativity thinking. Henceforth, this study attempts to assess the usefulness of utilizing critical and creativity thinking-based activities among Malaysian upper secondary ESL learners in developing their grammar and vocabulary features to enable them to construct an appropriate and good piece of narrative essay. The participants of this research encompassed 17 Form-Four ESL learners from a secondary school in Penang, Malaysia. It was a mixed-method study, in which data were collected quantitatively by conducting pre-test and post-test, while the data were gathered qualitatively by using participant observation and document analysis. The findings indicated that relevant grammar and vocabulary activities by incorporating critical and creativity thinking of the 21stcentury main skills showed positive responses among the participants. It is hoped that the critical and creativity thinking-based activities would assist in learning and teaching narrative writing skills.
Efficacy of bokashi-composting methods and quality assessment of organic fertilizers on spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
Authors:   Faculty of Agronomy, Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Binh T. , Tran Tien D. , Nguyen Nghi T. H. , Pham Truong Q. , Diep Phuc T. , Mai Thao T. , Nguyen Binh T.
Published: October 2023

Raw materials of corn stalk and Japanese watercress at four volumetric ratios of 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:2 were composted for 40 days using compost (PP compost) and bokashi (PP bokashi) methods. The quality of organic fertilizer products as solid (RComp) and liquid (LComp & LBoka) was analyzed for physico-chemical properties and initially evaluated for spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in a pot study. The single-factor experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replications. The treatments differed in application rates, types and dilution of liquid organic fertilizers. The PP compost had a thermophilic phase (t > 40oC) lasting for 15 days, which was three times longer than the PP bokashi. Accordingly, RComp(2:1) had a high EC (electrical conductivity) value (3.8 mS/cm) and organic matter (77.7%), and macronutrient concentrations of total N, available phosphorus and potassium were 26.3 g/kg, 13.6 g P2O5/kg and 63.0 g K2O/kg, respectively. Total aerobic plate counts in LComp(2:1) reached 2.5 × 107 CFU/mL. Meanwhile, L Boka(1:2) had an EC value of 19.8 mS/cm, and nutrient concentrations of total N, available phosphorus and potassium were 0.35 g N/kg, 0.09 g P2O5/kg and 9.93 g K2O/kg, respectively. Total humic and fulvic acids in LBoka(1:2) reached 2,300 mg/kg. The results of the trial rate of 0.5 kg RComp/m2 as a single or combined application with LComp(2:1) and LBoka(1:2) at diluted concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) 500 ppm gave a similar performance of plant heights, number of leaves, and yields of 1,278.9 - 1,425.7 g/m2, and were significantly different from those of the control treatment (526.8 g/m2).
Structure, function, and potential application of F18 in vaccine development
Authors:   Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Vu Uy H. G. , Le Trang T. X. , Tran Hieu V.
Published: October 2023

Post-weaning diarrhea is one of the most common diseases in pigs, affecting pigs in the first two weeks after weaning, causing significant economic losses. The main cause of this disease is Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), which is characterized by two pathogenic factors: fimbriae and enterotoxins. These fimbriae are considered to mediate bacterial adhesion through binding to the receptor present in the pig intestine. Several studies indicate that F4 and F18 fimbriae account for a high percentage of the fimbriae in ETEC and are detected in most of the isolated ETEC strains. Currently, oral vaccines are a potential preventive measure used with the ability to generate IgA, stimulate the mucosal immune system, and be widely noticed by researchers. However, the vaccines are only effective against ETEC-F4 and less effective against ETEC-F18, so more research is needed to improve the effectiveness of ETEC-F18 vaccines in the future. In this review, we presented the structure, function, and potential application of the F18 in vaccine development.
The importance of nutrition-sensitive fisheries management: Women's dietary diversity in Marovo Lagoon, Solomon Islands
Authors: Rabbitt Sheridan , Lilley Ian , Albert Simon , Albert Joelle , Tibbetts Ian
Published: October 2023

Feeding a growing global population is one of the most significant challenges currently facing society. Global malnutrition rates remain high, and tackling this problem in the context of global population growth and ecosystem declines will require con­certed effort across many sectors. Fish has been suggested as key to addressing high rates of malnu­trition in the South Pacific region, given that it is a rich source of highly bioavailable micronutrients and is common in traditional diets. Unfortunately, there are predictions that fish catch in this region may decline by more than 20% in the coming decades, threatening food and nutritional security. Women are key to breaking the cycle of malnutri­tion and play important roles in small-scale coastal fisheries in the South Pacific. This study assessed women’s dietary diversity and the importance of fresh fish to women’s diets in a rural coastal com­munity in Marovo Lagoon, Solomon Islands, over four sampling periods. We found that women’s dietary diversity in the community was low (mean MDD-W = 3.03 ± 0.06) and that fresh fish was consumed by more than 70% of the women sur­veyed in three of the four sampling periods. Our results showed some seasonal differences in dietary diversity, highlighting the importance of sampling across seasons to better capture true nutrition. We consider these results in the context of community-based fisheries management and argue for the need to improve fisheries management by including con­sideration of women’s fishing and promoting the importance of fish to human health.
Inflation and real wages
Authors: Maccarrone Vincenzo
Published: October 2023

Within the Italian industrial relations system, the relationship between inflation and collective bargaining has historically been a crucial one. The capacity of collectively agreed wages to protect workers’ purchasing power has been the object of negotiations, fights, and divisions not only between governments, employer associations and trade unions, but also within each of the parts involved. The return to high inflation rates since 2022 has highlighted the inadequacy of Italian collective bargaining institutions in defending real wages.
Arbitrary (k, l) States-Solutions of the Dirac and Schrödinger Equations Interacting with Improved Spatially-Dependent Mass Coulomb Potential with an improved Coulomb-like tensor interaction Model for H-atoms from 3D-RNCS and 3D-NRNCS symmetries
Authors: Maireche Abdelmadjid
Published: October 2023

The deformed Dirac equation has been investigated, in the context of 3D-relativistic noncommutative space (3D-RNCS) symmetries, using the improved spatially dependent mass Coulomb potential with an improved Coulomb-like tensor interaction (ISDM(CP-CLTI)) model under the conditions of spin symmetry and pseudospin symmetry. The ISDM(CP-CLTI) model is the combining the spatially dependent mass Coulomb potential with the Coulomb-like tensor interaction (CP-CLTI) and the two central terms that are generated to the topological defects of spacespace. Within the confines of the parametric Bopp shift method and conventional perturbation theory, the new relativistic and non-relativistic energy eigenvalues for the hydrogen atoms ( H-atoms), such as He+,Li+2, and Be3+ under the ISDM(CP-CLTI) model have been derived. The novel values Encsp(n,C,m0,m1,H,Θ,τ,χ,j,l,s,m) and Encps(n,C,m0,m1,H,Θ,τ,χ,j,l,l̃,s̃,m̃) that we discovered examined to be dependent on the noncommutativity parameters (NP) (Θ,σ,χ), mixed potential depths C/q,m0,m1,H), and quantum atomic discrete quantum numbers (j,k,l,s,m,l̃,s̃,m̃). We have obtained several interesting special examples within the framework of relativistic extended quantum mechanics, which we believe will be of interest to the expert researcher. We were able to retrieve the typical results of relativistic and non-relativistic examples in the literature when we applied the three simultaneous constraints (Θ,σ,χ)→(0,0,0). Compared to previous models that are known from the literature, our new model had novel physical characteristics.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DI KELURAHAN NYERUMKOP KECAMATAN SINGKAWANG TIMUR TERHADAP PROMOSI WISATA DESA
Authors: Ade M. Yuardani  , Didi Zulyanto  , Lilis Listiyawati  , Endang Wahyuni  , Riska Wahyuni  , M . Awaluddin
Published: October 2023

Potensi Wisata alam masih merupakan dayatarik tersendiri bagi Kota singkawang akan tetapi pengelolaannya masih dilakukan secara parsial, sehingga masih belum memberikan manfaat bagi banyak masyarakat yang berada di sekitar potensi wisata di singkawang dan sekitarnya. Pengelolaan yang parsial disini dimaksudkan adalah belum bersinerginya antara pelaku usaha dan masyarakat, selain itu pengelolaan belum dilaksanakan secara baik oleh masayarakat di sekitar wisata tersebut.

Kelurahan Nyerungkop Kecamatan Singkawang timur memiliki potensi yang cukup potensial untuk dikembangkan guna meningkatkan kesejahteraan masayarakat serta meningkatkan pendapatan asli daerah,  Kelurahan Nyerungkop memiliki luas 4.775 Ha, luas Kelurahan ini terdiri atas wilayah hutan Negara, pegunungan ( perbukitan), bekas lokasi pertambangan serta perkebunan karet.potensi alam yang cukup diminati dewasa ini belum dikelola secara baik, sehingga belum memberikan dampak nyata terhadap peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat. Potensi alam ini masih dikelola secara mandiri oleh masyarakat, dan masih kecilnya perhatian pemerintah maupun stakeholders, mengakibatkan potensi yang baik tersebut belum banyak di minati oleh orang banyak terutama dari luar kota Singkawang.

Kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat di Kelurahan nyerungkop terhadap promosi wisata dilakukan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan pembelajaran kepada masyarakat tentang promosi dan pengembangan desa wisata. Kegiatan ini berbasis pelayanan Publik oleh Dosen Administrasi Bisnis Politeknik Negeri Pontianak sekaligus memberikan pendampingan dalam promosi dan pengembannya.
The Open Access Week in the Scholarly Blogosphere
Authors: Pampel Heinz
Published: October 2023

Happy Birthday, Open Access! Last Sunday, the Berlin Declaration turned twenty years old (Pampel & Kindling, 2023). Its anniversary coincides with the international Open Access Week. During this action week, events promoting Open Access are organized worldwide (an overview can be found at openaccessweek.org.
Ideias transcendentais: usos e abusos
Authors: Louzado Gerson Luiz
Published: October 2023

No Apêndice à Dialética Transcendental, é apresentado o uso positivo das ideias da razão (uso imanente, regulador, hipotético: as ideias, operando como focos imaginários, visam guiar o entendimento na integralização do conhecimento do campo da experiência possível. Contudo, a consecução mesma desta tarefa envolve uma incontornável ilusão transcendental, a qual se encontra na raiz de grande parte das dificuldades exegéticas encontradas no Apêndice dado consistir justamente em tomar os meros focos imaginários por focos reais, pretendendo-se, desse modo, serem as ideias conceitos de objetos transcendentes. Neste trabalho, procura-se apresentar uma análise do uso positivo das ideias capaz de eliminar algumas das dificuldades geralmente encontradas relativamente à validade objetiva das mesmas. Procura-se mostrar, em última análise, que as ideias representam tão-somente objetos em ideia, os quais são passíveis apenas de uma posição relativa, e não absoluta, na existência, posição esta capaz de garantir-lhes uma validade objetiva indeterminada.
Reflexão e ilusão transcendental na Crítica da razão pura
Authors: Almeida Pedro Jonas
Published: October 2023

Kant aponta para a existência de uma ilusão necessária, inevitável e natural que habita a razão pura. Chama essa ilusão de transcendental. Estabelece uma distinção entre ilusão transcendental e erro. Demonstramos aqui que essa distinção se torna possível por intermédio do método crítico, aqui identificado com a reflexão transcendental. Daqui se segue que a ilusão transcendental, separada do erro, garante o bom uso das ideias transcendentais, sem o qual o conhecimento permaneceria incompleto e fragmentado.
Employee Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, dan Supervisi Akademik dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Guru di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Satibi Imam
Published: October 2023

Employee engagement in the modern era like now is an important problem because of advances in information technology which is also followed by a change in human generation which is dominated by the millennial generation (generation Y) who have different characteristics and attitudes from previous generations (generation baby boomers and generation X). . The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of academic supervision, employee engagement, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on increasing teacher effectiveness. with the results being very important for improving the quality of teacher performance in Indonesia. The method used is quantitative, namely research based on the philosophy of positivism is used to study certain populations or samples, the sampling method is usually random, research instruments are used in data collection, data analysis is quantitative/statistical in nature and aims to test established hypotheses. The final results of the study illustrate that Academic supervision has no significant effect on teacher effectiveness, staff placement does not have a significant effect on teacher effectiveness. This shows that employee engagement cannot be used as a variable to improve teacher performance, Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) has a significant effect on teacher performance. This shows that Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) can be used as a tool to improve teacher performance, and Academic Supervision, Employee Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) together have a significant effect on teacher performance.
Keywords: Teacher, Performance, Improvement
Study on the Optimization and Renewal Design of Campus Cultural and Creative Products Based on the Emotion Mapping Approach
Authors: Wang Xueting
Published: October 2023

This paper takes the current situation of the campus cultural and creative products of the City University of Macau as the starting point, focuses on analyzing the characteristics and deficiencies of the existing campus cultural and creative products, and explores the emotional and cultural aspects of the campus cultural souvenir design from the emotional aspect, and through a large number of field surveys and analyses of the existing products, it sums up the design implementation procedure and design methodology of "emotion mapping" to better guide the design practice. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and needs of campus cultural souvenirs, the prototype extraction of tangible images and intangible meanings in the campus using the emotion mapping method is proposed to propose three design techniques, namely, taking meaning from shape, picturing shape with meaning, and symbiosis between shape and meaning, and a complete design program is constructed through the emotional fusion of expression. To inherit and disseminate the campus characteristics of culture from the purpose of enhancing the feasibility of innovative design of cultural and creative products; teachers and students at the University's emotions into the concept of product design, and further promote the innovative design of cultural and creative products on campus.
Co-retractable Modules and Semi-Simplicity Property
Authors: A. Jumaa Hajer , Mohammed Abed Majid
Published: October 2023

Co-retractable modules appeared in 2006 by Clark, Lomp and Vanaja. In this article, we present and study the relationships between two known concepts namely semi-simple modules and Co-retractable module. Our concern in this article is to develop some properties of Co-retractable module and related to other classes of modules such as multiplication module, indecomposable module and projective module. We prove that if M is a multiplication R-module with annR(M) is a prime ideal and the Socal of M is a direct summand of M, this means M is a retractable module. Also, if M is an indecomposable multiplication R-module with annR(M) is a prime ideal of Noetherian Ring R and every direct sum of modules with summand intersection property has summand sum property, then M is a co-retractable module. Finally, if M is a simple quasi-Dedekind module over the Artinian Ring R with rad(R) = 0 and annR(M) is a prime ideal of R, then M is a co-retractable module.
Effect of Doping with Zinc Oxide on The Structural, Surface, and Optical Properties of Titanium Dioxide Thin Films
Authors: Ch Magid Hayim , Saad Rasheed Hiba , Adnan Al-Wardy Rusul
Published: October 2023

Titanium oxide thin films that are both undoped and doped with zinc have been produced in rates of (0, 2 and 4) %. The titanium oxide films doped with zinc were made by combining cadmium acetate with zinc acetate in a solution of titanium acetate with (0.2 M). X-ray diffraction tests showed that the films of undoped TiO2 and (TiO2: Zn) are polycrystalline with (121) orientation. Additionally, the crystallization of films rises as zinc doping level rises. With zinc doping concentration, the grain size of the deposited films is around (15.55-17.91) nm, while the strain (%) parameter decreases from 22.29 to 19.35 with zinc. The grain size was in the range of (90.9), (67.8), and (37.7) nm for the (Ti O2, TiO2: 2% Zn, and TiO2:4% Zn) accordingly in Atomic Force Macroscopy pictures of the film surface morphology. Surface roughness and rms values for the deposited films for undoped TiO2 and TiO2:2% Zn, and TiO2:4%Zn were (6.72, 3.34, and 2.034) nm and (8.80, 8.03, and 4.24), respectively. The spectrum of absorbance and transmission was used to study the optical characteristics. The investigation revealed that the films have robust transmission throughout the visible spectrum and that this transmission decreases with increased doping with zinc content. In addition, the edge of the films' absorbance changes to high wavelengths, which supports a drop in energy gap values. Also computed and discovered to vary with increased doping with zinc concentration were the absorption coefficient, refractive index, and extinction coefficient.
Deep Neural Network-based Reversible Image Steganography Technique using Circle-U-Net
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India, Malarvizhi N. ,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India,   Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India, Priya R. , Bhavani R.
Published: October 2023

Data communication is made at the ease with the advent of the latest communications medium and tools. The concern over data breaches has increased. The digital media communicated across the network are susceptible to unapproved access. Though numerous image steganography approaches were existing for concealing the secret image into the cover image there are still limitations such as inadequate restoration of image quality and less embedding capacity. To overwhelm such shortcomings recently many image steganography approaches based on deep learning are proposed. In this work, a Circle-U-Net-based reversible image steganography technique is proposed. The model includes a contracting process, which includes residual bottleneck as well as circle connect layers which obtain context; an expanding process, which includes sampling layers as well as merging layers for pixel-wise localization. The reversible image steganography (RIS) is carried out with neural network models such as CNN, U-Net scheme, and Circle-U-Net structure on TinyImageNet-200 and Alzheimer’s MRI dataset. The proposed technique is experimented along with RIS using CNN and RIS using U-Net. The experimental results depict that the RIS using the Circle-U-Net structure performs better among the three models.
A review on oak decline: The global situation, causative factors, and new research approaches
Authors: KOWSARI Mojegan , KARIMI Ebrahim
Published: October 2023

Oak decline as a complex syndrome is one of the most relevant forest diseases worldwide. This disease has a complex and multifactorial nature, and this has caused conventional methods in plant pathology not to provide researchers with a correct and comprehensive analysis of oak decline. This issue entails the need for a multidisciplinary approach in examining and evaluating the disease, which will provide researchers with a more exhaustive understanding of the disease. The present review examines the concept of decline, the factors that contribute to the occurrence and development of the disease, its global distribution, and indexes used in the assessment of the disease. Furthermore, it draws attention to various research approaches that have been utilized to investigate oak decline.
Object detection: review and improvement based on deep learning
Authors: Wang Tingyu
Published: October 2023

In recent years, with the quantum leap in deep learning, self-driving vehicle as one of its applications has been gaining tremendously increasing popularity as well as making a multitude of achievements. Object detection, which has made significant contribution to driver-less vehicle, has had been applied to a tremendously wide range of fields. However, reports relevant to automatic vehicle stating that accidents are caused by Automatic driving technology, present problems pointing out that existing target detection algorithms, which are already fairly well reliable, can probably be interfered by adverse conditions such as high temperature, raise dust and transmission loss, and be not capable of providing precise output. This paper recaps on these previous classic algorithms, and their large-scale application domain. Meanwhile, this paper presents improvements focusing on enhancing the robustness of these algorithms to overcome these problems caused by adverse conditions and improve the accuracy. Thus these improvements could augment the security of these driver-less vehicles, and eventually reduce traffic accident mortality relative to self-driving vehicles and safeguard road safety, and may potentially benefit to further research.
The existing motion capture technologies and their application
Authors: Xin Ziyi
Published: October 2023

Motion Capture technology refers to the technology of recording and processing the actions of people or other objects, and generating corresponding virtual asset action animations. It has been widely used in our daily life. Virtual characters like Hulk, Gollm, and Avatar were all built based on the technology. It can also be applied to sports analysis, human biomechanics, automotive, virtual reality, etc, showing its huge application prospects. Specifically, 3D Motion Capture Market was forecast to reach $270.9 million by 2026 suggested by industry ARC. To help readers get familiar with the field without much background knowledge, this paper reviews the origin of the motion capture technology, the way motion capture technology was realized and the mainstream methodologies of capturing motion. This paper provides the reader with some existing applications of motion capture technology in different fields so that the reader can understand the importance of the technique. Readers can also get some insight into what future studies may be focused on and if there is any promotion of the motion-capturing methods.
Point cloud densification via symmetry
Authors: Wei Yu
Published: October 2023

Three-dimensional objects are usually represented by point cloud based on lidar reflection of the sensors. However, the point clouds are commonly sparse since the lidar reflection is restricted by the location where the machine scans the objects around it. Commonly, the point cloud data that we use in autonomous driving are basically concentrated on one side or two sides and can seldom depict the whole image of all the objects. In this paper, we propose methods based on symmetry to diminish this intrinsic problem. Our work uses CenterPoint as our backbone and we do some fine-tune on it to make the data augmented. Moreover, we use FutureDet as the detector and the predictor to see whether the results of the methods fit the design. We obtain the information of CenterPoint from the detector and use the position information of the center point to do symmetry so as to make the points exist on the other side. We are trying to address the issue by comparing the results of metrics from the FutureDet and the fine-tune model on nuScenes dataset.
Finding the best opening in chess with multi-armed bandit algorithm
Authors: Lin Yiheng
Published: October 2023

With many gaming AI being developed and being able to defeat top human players in recent years, AI has once again become the hottest topic in research and even in our daily life. This paper also researches on gaming AI and chess. Instead of using deep learning and the Monte Carlo Search algorithm, this paper focuses on the opening only with multi-armed bandit algorithms to find the best moves and opening. Specifically, the method used in this paper is epsilon greedy and Thompson sampling. The dataset used in this paper is from Kaggle. This paper considers each move as a set of choices one needs to make and considers the big picture as a multi-armed bandit problem. This paper aims to develop a relative best strategy to counter those opening or make changes to a disadvantaged situation.
Empirical performances comparison for ETC algorithm
Authors: Chen Tianfeng
Published: October 2023

Explore-then-commit (ETC) algorithm is a widely used algorithm in bandit problems, which are used to identify the optimal choice among a series of choices that yield random outcomes. The ETC algorithm is adapted from A/B testing, a popular procedure in decision-making process. This paper explores the multi-armed bandit problem and some related algorithms to tackle the multi-armed bandit problem. In particular, this paper focuses on the explore-then-commit (ETC) algorithm, a simple algorithm that has an exploration phase, and then commits the best action. To evaluate the performance of ETC, a variety of settings is made in the experiment, such as the number of arms and input parameter m, i.e., how many times each arm is pulled in the exploration phase. The result shows that the average cumulative regret increases when the number of arms gets larger. With the increase of parameter m, the cumulative regret decreases in the beginning, until reaching the minimum value, and then starts increasing. The purpose of this paper is to empirically evaluate the performance of the ETC algorithm and investigate the relationships between the parameter settings and the overall performance of the algorithm.
Dimensionality reduction techniques for high dimensional data: State of the art
Authors: Jiang Suixin
Published: October 2023

In the past decades, tons of data have been generated every single day as people increasingly rely on electronic products and networks in their lives. The developments in techniques and storage capabilities provide a fundamental condition for analyzing those huge-volumed data. Each captured feature represents a dimension of the data. So far, high dimensional data analysis has become a challenging task in various study fields. Redundant and irrelevant features can be removed by using different dimensionality reduction techniques. Effective information extraction can be achieved by using the proper method. This paper reviews the most widely used dimensionality reduction techniques and their application fields. It can be found that though DRTs have been successfully applied to many areas (i.e., image, audio/video data, biomedical), DRTs still need to be improved and developed to achieve better classification and prediction accuracy. Inter-method combinations will remain the focus of research in the future. Computation time and cost may not be a limitation anymore as the computation power of the computer is still developing. So, the development of the algorithm is becoming particularly important. This study provides a brief introduction to widely used DRTs and their variants, it will be helpful for understanding HDD analysis, and more DRTs will be researched in future work.
Deep learning based on the application of voice emotion
Authors: Jinyan Jiang
Published: October 2023

A language is a valuable tool for human development and progress, and it is also an important medium for human beings to transmit information and express emotions. Language signals are ubiquitous, and it is an indispensable part of human life. This article will take the analysis of language as the starting point, combined with the relevant content of computer deep learning, and summarize various methods of language emotion recognition based on a convolutional neural network. In recent years, with the gradual intelligentization of computers, more in-depth discoveries and research have been made on language emotion research. In the deep neural network sector, most of the models used are CNN, LSTM, MO-LSTM models, and this paper aims to propose a new CLDNN (CONVOLUTIONAL, LONG SHORT-TERM) that integrates CNN, DNN, and LSTM into the same network. MEMORY, FULL CONNECTED DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS) model, compare with it, and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of CLDNN.
Fractal analysis of rock pore structure: A comparative study of the Matlab-based image method and the mercury intrusion method
Authors: Zeng Xuying
Published: October 2023

As a naturally porous medium, rocks have a very strong heterogeneity in their internal pore structure, which has an important impact on the mechanical and chemical properties of rocks, etc. Therefore, it is very important to quantitatively characterise the heterogeneity of the pore structure of rocks. Fractal dimension has long been recognised as an effective means of characterising the heterogeneity of the pore structure of porous media and is widely used in oil and gas exploitation, construction materials, mining, and water engineering. There are different methods to calculate the fractal dimension. To verify the consistency between different methods, this paper compares the results of fractal analysis using the mercury intrusion method and MATLAB image fractal analysis using three rock samples with large differences in porosity and calculates the fractal dimension in three different ways on the basis of the mercury intrusion method. The results demonstrate that the fractal dimension of the mercury intrusion method and the box counting dimension of the image analysis obtained by the three methods, although slightly different in numerical value, are consistent in their numerical relationship, i.e., they all conform to the rule that the stronger the non-homogeneity of the pore throat, the larger the fractal dimension. The results of this paper show that fractal dimension is indeed an effective means of characterising rock homogeneity.
The realization and application of the data analysis platform of netizen behavior based on Hive
Authors: Zhao Zihao
Published: October 2023

With advances in mobile technology and mobile Internet applications, smart mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets, have become increasingly popular, and the number of Internet users worldwide continues to grow. In the Internet era, the amount of data is growing exponentially and companies must be able to harness the value of the vast amount of data. Data platforms must integrate massive amounts of data collection, storage, computation and analysis to meet these opportunities and challenges. In this study, the log data of Internet users browsing websites are analyzed and the technologies used in the platform are briefly described. Finally, a draft platform for analyzing offline Internet user behavior data is proposed, taking into account the current common needs of different industries, while incorporating some innovations. Three modules are designed and implemented: data collection, data warehouse and data visualization. The user's data is mainly collected by the data collection module. The data warehouse is mainly responsible for cleaning, modeling and analyzing the data. As part of the data visualization module, the result data from the ADS layer is used as a template to create tables in MySQL, export the results to MySQL periodically using the Sqoop tool, and visualize the data using the data visualization tool. With Flume, Kafka and Sqoop, HDFS is used as the data storage framework, Hive is used as the storage tool, and Spark is used as the Hive computation engine to build the platform in a large context to analyze Internet user behavior.
Blockchain-based fire safety inspection analysis and system design
Authors: Liu ChenLiBing , Sun Xiang , Lv ZhongHao , Sun Meng , Jia Li , Qiu Zhengyong , Cai Bowen
Published: October 2023

Today's buildings usually rely on various firefighting equipment for warning, often neglecting the importance of safety inspections. Most fires occur due to the usual weak awareness of fire prevention. If regular and strict safety inspections are carried out according to the regulations of fire departments will greatly reduce the occurrence of fires. Safety inspections in each unit include fire supervisors from the government and inspectors from relevant maintenance agencies, and these inspectors usually use paper reports to record the safety inspection work. This traditional practice leaves hidden problems for unresolved and important issues, including data integrity and tamperability, which will directly lead to difficulties in tracing responsibilities based on these data after an accident. Therefore, this paper proposes a de-neutralized, blockchain-based traceability system for a fire safety inspection. Blockchain technology has the characteristics of traceability, decentralization, consensus trust, and hard to tamper, which can be combined with this system. The system's core mainly adopts the Hyperledger Fabric consortium blockchain framework, configured to build a blockchain network. The network is organized with three organizations: government, unit, and maintenance agency, and smart contracts are written to process safety inspection data, thus guaranteeing the sharing of fire inspection information as well as traceability.
An IMU-based robotic manipulator for versatile applications
Authors: Pang Wentao
Published: October 2023

With the development of sensory technologies, the inertial measurement unit (IMU) has been emerging widely. In this paper, the IMU sensor is used to facilitate the versatile applications of robotic manipulators. The Kalman filter fuses the raw measurements of an IMU mounted on human hands to obtain the real-time attitude information. The contribution is to manipulate the robotic arm dexterously by the motion guidance of human hands, to achieve human-robot interaction. The experimental results evaluate the attitude preciseness and associated manipulators locomotion. In the future work, the proposed interaction method will be applied in manipulation tasks such as grasping, inspection and so on.
Commercial HVAC system fault diagnosis using big data analytics: A case study
Authors: Liu Yuhang
Published: October 2023

With the increasing use of heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems nowadays, their energy consumption is receiving more attention. The study begins by trying available anomaly detection techniques, including KNN, COF, and isolated forests. The comparison reveals that these methods disregard some linear correlation results. Then, the pattern is summarized by analyzing data from 100 HVAC-equipped rooms. Next, the study uses correlation analysis and neural networks to identify abnormal HVAC data. Finally, it concludes by analyzing the factors that lead to the anomalies.
Review of image inpainting in practical challenge
Authors: Shen Yuhang
Published: October 2023

As a very popular computer vision direction in recent years, image inpainting has developed very rapidly and produced many valuable results, but there are still many problems that need to be solved. This paper focuses on classic model research, related data sets, and evaluation standards. Through the analysis of specific examples, it is found that the effect of the existing model on the inpainting of some unique pictures is still unsatisfactory, and a solution is proposed to optimize the specificity of the training set by modifying the training set so that the model and the corrupt image are more correlated, which will result in more relative results.
The development and advance of machine translation
Authors: Liu Yilin
Published: October 2023

Since the advent of global online information exchanging and communicating, there are growing number of cases showing how effective and useful machine translation can be. This paper offers a brief overview of Machine Translation, including Statistical Machine Translation and Neural Machine Translation. In the Statistical Machine Translation part, different translations using corresponding different bases are introduced. Then some key parts in Neural Machine Translation are discussed: the seq2seq model, LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) and the encoder and decoder. And finally, the evaluation metrics of machine translation are concluded which contains not only human but automatic evaluation metrics as well.