bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Graben de Apodi, região sudoeste da bacia Potiguar, RN, uma interpretação com base em seções sísmicas e dados de poços
Authors: Hoerlle Marcus Roberto , Gomes Caroline Janette Souza , Matos Renato Marcos Darros de
Published: December 2007

A evolução da bacia Potiguar, na Margem Equatorial Brasileira, apesar de constituir objeto de inúmeros estudos continua palco de controvérsias, em especial, no que diz respeito a sua extremidade sudoeste, o Graben de Apodi. Com o intuito de caracterizar a geometria da Falha de Apodi e entender o mecanismo de formação de dobras em suas adjacências, foram analisados seções sísmicas de reflexão e dados de poços. Confeccionaram-se mapas de contorno estrutural da Falha de Apodi e de isópacas da Formação Pendência, sin-tectônica. A análise das seções sísmicas revelou que variações na geometria da Falha de Apodi, que corresponde ao descolamento basal do graben homônimo, ocorrem vinculadas a modificações nas estruturas dos estratos sin-rifte. Os dados sugerem que o alto ângulo e flutuações de mergulho da Falha de Apodi causaram a formação de dobras de arrasto, bem como de sinformes e antiformes nos pacotes pré e sin-rifte. Além disso, a distribuição dos depocentros da Formação Pendência, nas proximidades do descolamento basal e a noroeste do Alto de Quixaba, sugere para a Falha de Apodi forte componente normal e vários pulsos de atividade.
Avaliação construtiva e de desempenho térmico do prédio da Escola de Minas da UFOP
Authors: Ribas Rovadavia Aline de Jesus , Souza Henor Artur de
Published: December 2007

No Brasil, a construção em aço possui um grande espaço para desenvolvimento, prometendo racionalização e atendimento às exigências de conservação de energia e conforto humano, apontando para projetos que apresentem desempenho global adequado. Entretanto, nesse tipo de construção, ainda são utilizados sistemas de fechamentos convencionais, o que nem sempre é conveniente, pois são sistemas que demandam velocidades de execução diferentes e interfaces construtivas de soluções particulares. Nesse trabalho, estuda-se o prédio da Escola de Minas da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto-MG, edificação estruturada em aço com sistema de fechamento externo convencional constituído por alvenaria e vidro. Avalia-se sua concepção estrutural e suas interferências no processo construtivo e na sua utilização. Por meio de uma investigação exploratória e coleta de dados, identificam-se os problemas que surgiram durante o uso, as patologias existentes e suas causas. Faz-se também uma avaliação do desempenho térmico da edificação, por meio de medições in loco. Com os resultados, tem-se uma avaliação qualitativa da construção, de sua condição de manutenção e das causas das patologias, propondo-se soluções para sua correção e uma melhor manutenção.
Utilização do resíduo da indústria cerâmica para produção de concretos
Authors: Gonçalves Jardel Pereira
Published: December 2007

Nesse trabalho, são apresentados os resultados do estudo da utilização do resíduo da indústria cerâmica (tijolos de argila calcinada) como material pozolânico suplementar para produção de concretos. O resíduo da indústria cerâmica foi caracterizado física, química e mineralogicamente. A viabilidade técnica da substituição do cimento por resíduo da indústria cerâmica foi avaliada. As propriedades estudadas foram o comportamento tensão versus deformação, resistência à compressão, resistência à tração na flexão e por compressão diametral. Os resultados demonstram que a substituição de cimento por 20% de resíduo cerâmico (em massa) não influenciou significativamente nas resistências à compressão e tração e promoveu concretos com maior capacidade de deformação.
Universidade Corporativa: (Pré-) tendência do Ensino Superior ou ameaça?
Authors: Silva Marco Wandercil da , Balzan Newton César
Published: December 2007

O presente artigo tem como objetivo desvelar algumas implicações ideológicas do recente fenômeno denominado Universidade Corporativa (UC) em relação à educação superior formal, tendo como cenário as transformações políticas, sociais e econômicas intrínsecas ao neoliberalismo. A expansão dessa modalidade de ensino, ao mesmo tempo que sinaliza a demanda por um novo modelo de educação, parece revelar, como será apresentado, um caráter subjacente de competição, uma vez que a UC procura atrair uma "clientela" de alunos, criando cursos exclusivamente voltados ao mercado de trabalho. Dessa forma, emerge um embate silencioso em que se contrapõem, de um lado, as empresas, por meio das UCs, e de outro, as universidades tradicionais. Nossa principal indagação, portanto, seria: como essa mesma universidade tradicional irá reagir diante das exigências e das mudanças decorrentes do ensino corporativo, visivelmente contraditórias se comparadas às suas próprias funções? Ponderamos que o conhecimento disseminado pelas UCs não contempla o ser humano em sua formação ampla, tratando-se apenas de mais uma estratégia lucrativa das organizações empresariais, por meio da qual se privilegia o termo 'universidade' ao invés de 'centro de treinamento' - designação esta que parece ser mais apropriada às UCs em questão nesta pesquisa - e banaliza-se o conhecimento, além de não levar em conta a formação, em cada trabalhador-aluno, da consciência de seu papel na sociedade.
A Construção do processo democrático de auto-avaliação institutucional na UNESP
Authors: Grego Sonia Maria Duarte , Pinho Sheila Zambello de , Bráz José Reinaldo Cerqueira , Oba Eunice , Raphael Hélia Sonia , Matos Maria Cristina Fumie Iwana
Published: December 2007

O desenvolvimento de um processo democrático de avaliação institucional na UNESP, uma universidade multi-campus, envolveu três desafios: garantir o envolvimento de grupos representativos da comunidade no processo de avaliação; atribuir poder e responsabilidade a cada setor acadêmico e administrativo no processo de avaliação; criar uma cultura de auto-avaliação e reflexão que possibilitasse debate crítico e auto-gestão dos projetos acadêmicos. Com base nos termos de referência estabelecidos pela comunidade a CPA desenvolveu uma metodologia de avaliação democrática e investigativa, orientada para a auto-gestão e de natureza quali-quantitativa. Fundamentada em três enfoques teóricos de avaliação, o democrático, o de tomada de decisão e o crítico o processo envolveu três funções: a diagnóstica, a formativo-reflexiva e a de revisão crítica. Atualmente os usos dos resultados da avaliação para orientar políticas e decisões acadêmicas, especialmente nos cursos de graduação, evidenciam avanços no processo de internalização de cultura de avaliação orientada para auto-gestão.
Avaliação institucional participativa
Authors: Polidori Marlis Morosini , Fonseca Denise Grosso da , Larrosa Sara Fernanda Tarter
Published: December 2007

O processo de avaliação institucional caracteriza-se como uma nova dinâmica que está sendo implantada no cotidiano das IES no país. A partir da aprovação da Lei 10.861/2004, que instituiu o Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Superior (SINAES), as IES iniciaram um processo de avaliação com o objetivo de atender ao SINAES, mas, também, de utilizar estes mecanismos para se auto-conhecerem e se auto-gerirem. Inserido neste processo, encontra-se um item determinante que é a participação dos membros que compõem a Instituição. Tendo em vista que os processos avaliativos, na maioria das IES, tiveram seu início devido à exigência da referida Lei, questiona-se a participação da comunidade acadêmica em relação à existência de democracia no processo de avaliação institucional da IES. Esta pesquisa busca analisar esta participação no processo de avaliação institucional da IES, no ano de 2005 especificamente, em relação à consulta on line realizada na Instituição.
Cooperação institucional como estratégia inovativa: o caso do APL de confecções em Campina Grande (PB)
Authors: Cavalcanti Filho Paulo Fernando de M. B. , Moutinho Lúcia Maria Góes
Published: December 2007

Neste trabalho desenvolve-se o estudo do Arranjo Produtivo Local (APL) de Confecções em Campina Grande, na Paraíba, a partir da abordagem de desenvolvimento industrial e da economia da inovação e do conhecimento, focalizando as ações de aprendizado, capacitação e relações de cooperação dos vários atores do APL. Conclui-se que o desempenho inovativo é significativamente melhorado pela utilização de uma estratégia cooperativa de desenvolvimento tecnológico, como exemplificado pela análise do consórcio formado em torno do algodão naturalmente colorido.
Navegabilidade e inclusão digital: usabilidade e competência
Authors: Silvino Alexandre Magno Dias , Abrahão Júlia Issy
Published: December 2007

Este artigo, de cunho teórico, articula, apoiado no referencial da Ergonomia Cognitiva os critérios de usabilidade, e sua pertinência na avaliação de sistemas informatizados em rede, como uma das perspectivas possíveis para minimizar a exclusão digital. Nesse sentido, aponta novos elementos a serem agregados conceitualmente na construção ou avaliação de websites, tais como o conceito de competência para ação - apreendida pela via das estratégias operatórias e heurísticas adotadas pelos usuários e o processo decisório apoiado nas representações para ação. Ao final, são apresentadas considerações no sentido de articular estas variáveis com os critérios de navegabilidade e com os conceitos subjacentes aos princípios de inclusão digital.
Description of a new species of skate of the genus Malacoraja Stehmann, 1970: the first species from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean, with notes on generic monophyly and composition (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae)
Authors: Carvalho Marcelo R. de , Gomes Ulisses L. , Gadig Otto B. F.
Published: December 2007

The first report of a western South Atlantic soft skate, genus Malacoraja Stehmann, 1970, is described as Malacoraja obscura, new species, from the southeastern Brazilian continental slope off the states of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro, in depths ranging from 808-1105 m. The new species is known from five specimens and is distinguished from congeners by its unique dorsal coloration with small, faded white spots on disc and pelvic fins, by retaining in larger specimens an irregular row of thorns along dorsal midline of tail (extending from tail base to two-thirds of tail length in 680 mm total length female), and by presenting a ventral tail midline devoid of small denticles only at base (naked region not extending posterior to pelvic fin rear margin). Further diagnostic characters in combination include the lack of scapular thorns in larger specimens, elevated number of tooth rows (64/62 tooth rows in subadult male of 505 mm TL, and 76/74 in large female of 680 mm TL) and vertebrae (27-28 Vtr, 68-75 Vprd), ventral disc and tail with a uniform dark brown coloration, paired postventral fenestrae on scapulocoracoid, enlarged posterior postventral fenestra, circular foramen magnum and paired internal carotid foramina on braincase floor. Adult males were unavailable for study, but an anatomical description of M. obscura, n. sp., is provided. Comparisons are made with all known material of M. kreffti, literature accounts of M. senta, and with abundant material of South African M. spinacidermis; M. obscura, n. sp., most closely resembles M. spinacidermis from the eastern South Atlantic in squamation, coloration and size. Malacoraja is monophyletic due to its unique squamation and rostral appendices, and apparently comprises two species-groups, one for M. obscura and M. spinacidermis, and the other for M. kreffti and M. senta, but clarification of species-level relationships must await more anatomical information, particularly of the latter two species.
Growth and survival of silver catfish larvae, Rhamdia quelen (Heptapteridae), at different calcium and magnesium concentrations
Authors: Silva Lenise Vargas Flores da , Golombieski Jaqueline Ineu , Baldisserotto Bernardo
Published: December 2007

Since the relative ratios of Ca2+ and Mg2+ can vary greatly from one water body to another, and lime used for the increase of water hardness or pH can have different ratios of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in its composition, the objective of this study was to analyze the growth and survival of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, larvae at different calcium and magnesium concentrations. After fertilization, eggs were randomly divided into 4 treatments (three replicates per treatment) with different concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ at hardness values of 70 mg.L-1 CaCO3 (mg.L-1 : 5.2 Ca2+ and 14.12 Mg2+; 13.11 Ca2+ and 7.11 Mg2+; 20.26 Ca2+ and 2.86 Mg2+; 24.95 Ca2+ and 0.95 Mg2+) and 150 mg.L-1 CaCO3 (mg.L-1 : 5.2 Ca2+ and 32.70 Mg2+; 28.63 Ca2+ and 16.44 Mg2+; 44.68 Ca2+and 6.44 Mg2+; 62.78 Ca2+ and 0.95 Mg2+). There was also another group exposed to water hardness of 20 mg.L-1 CaCO3 (Ca2+ 5.2 mg.L-1 and Mg2+ 0.95 mg.L-1) at both experiments. The post-hatch larvae were transferred to continuously aerated 40 L polyethylene aquaria (400 larvae/tank) containing the same water as used for incubation. Samples of larvae were collected on days 0, 7, 14, and 21, and the length, weight, and specific growth rate were determined for each collection. Survival and biomass were calculated on day 21. At water hardness of 70 mg.L-1 CaCO3, the best survival and growth of silver catfish larvae was observed at water with 20.26 mg.L-1 Ca2+ and 2.89 mg.L-1 Mg2+, with similar results to the group exposed to water hardness of 20 mg.L-1 CaCO3. However, compared to the group exposed to water hardness of 20 mg.L-1 CaCO3, survival and growth were lower at 150 mg.L-1 CaCO3. Therefore, a hardness range of 20 to 70 mg.L-1 CaCO3 is recommended for silver catfish larviculture, but with 20.26 mg.L-1 Ca2+ and 2.89 mg.L-1 Mg2+ at 70 mg.L-1 CaCO3. Water hardness of 150 mg.L-1 CaCO3 is not recommended for this species.
A new Synbranchus (Teleostei: Synbranchiformes: Synbranchidae) from ilha de Marajó, Pará, Brazil, with notes on its reproductive biology and larval development
Authors: Favorito Sandra E. , Zanata Angela M. , Assumpção Maria I.
Published: December 2007

Synbranchus lampreia, new species, is described from rio Goiapi, Marajó Island, Pará, northern Brazil. It differs from the other two described species of the genus by its color pattern, which consists of large roundish black blotches scattered over a light brown or yellowish ground pigmentation and presence of inconspicuous brown small spots distributed among the large dark spots. The species is further distinguished from S. marmoratus by a higher number of vertebrae and from S. madeira by a shorter postanal length. Information about reproductive aspects is provided and larval stages are described and illustrated.
A new Scleromystax species (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from coastal rivers of southern Brazil
Authors: Britto Marcelo R. , Reis Roberto E.
Published: December 2007

The recently resurrected callichthyid catfish genus Scleromystax includes species occurring in several Brazilian coastal river basins from southern Bahia to southern Santa Catarina. Several character states, especially those related to sexual dimorphism, demonstrate the monophyly of Scleromystax. Examination of Scleromystax specimens sampled from streams in the Ilha de Santa Catarina and Nova Veneza, and the rio Mampituba basin, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul States, revealed that they constitute a new taxon, and thus the southernmost record for the genus. Scleromystax salmacis, new species, has coloration similar to that of S. macropterus, differing from that species mainly by the absence of a black spot on the base of the median caudal-fin rays, and transverse blotches along the body more irregular than those in S. macropterus. In addition to differences in coloration and external and osteological characters, the new species differs from S. barbatus and S. prionotos by its more rounded snout. The new taxon is also distinguished from its congeners by the presence of a single perforated dorsolateral body plate, similar to the condition found in some Aspidoras species, orientation of the ventral keel of the scapulocoracoid, and by the absence of sexually dimorphic features.
Two new Amazonian species of armored catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): Ancistrus verecundus and Ancistrus parecis
Authors: Fisch-Muller Sonia , Cardoso Alexandre R. , Silva José F. P. da , Bertaco Vinicius A.
Published: December 2007

Two new species Ancistrus are described: A. verecundus from the upper rio Madeira basin and A. parecis from the upper rio Juruena, rio Tapajós basin, Brazil. The two species differ from all congeners except A. jataiensis, A. reisi, and A. tombador in the absence of an adipose fin which is replaced by a series of median platelets forming a low postdorsal ridge. Ancistrus verecundus is further distinguished from these species, except A. tombador by the broad naked margin of the snout and reduced tentacle development. Ancistrus verecundus differs from A. tombador in various morphometric features, and in having the base of the first anal-fin pterygiophore covered by skin (vs. base of the first anal-fin pterygiophore exposed and forming a platelet-like element). Ancistrus verecundus and A. tombador have two or more dermal plates of the dorsal plate series between the end of the postdorsal ridge and the origin of the first plate-like procurrent caudal-fin ray, whereas the other species of the genus that lack an adipose fin, including A. parecis, have one or none. Ancistrus parecis is further distinguished from A. tombador and A. verecundus by the presence of tentacles in adults. It also differs from A. tombador in morphometric and meristic features and from A. jataiensis and A. reisi in the length of the mandibular tooth row, the number of teeth on dentary and premaxillary, and the caudal-peduncle depth. A key is provided for the identification of species of Ancistrus lacking an adipose fin.
Baryancistrus demantoides and Hemiancistrus subviridis, two new uniquely colored species of catfishes from Venezuela (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)
Authors: Werneke David C. , Sabaj Mark H. , Lujan Nathan K. , Armbruster Jonathan W.
Published: December 2007

Baryancistrus demantoides and Hemiancistrus subviridis are two new species of loricariids from southern Venezuela with an olive ground coloration and white to cream-colored or golden-yellow spots. Baryancistrus demantoides is known only from the upper río Orinoco drainage while H. subviridis is also known from the río Casiquiare drainage. In addition to its coloration, B. demantoides can be distinguished from all other ancistrins by having the dorsal and adipose fins connected by an expanded posterior section of the dorsal-fin membrane, golden-yellow spots confined to the anterior portion of the body, and greater than 30 teeth per jaw ramus. Hemiancistrus subviridis can be separated from all other ancistrins by coloration, lacking a connection between the dorsal and adipose fins and having less than 30 teeth per jaw ramus.
Molecular Breeding Using a Major QTL for Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in Wheat
Authors: Anderson James A. , Chao Shiaoman , Liu Sixin
Published: December 2007

The difficulties of breeding for Fusarium head blight (caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [teleomorph: Gibberella zeae]) resistance, a quantitatively inherited fungal disease, caused us to initiate a marker‐assisted selection (MAS) approach to accelerate our gains from selection. Although MAS for simply inherited traits has become commonplace in many plant breeding programs, there are few examples of its application with quantitatively inherited traits. Several barriers to MAS for a quantitative trait locus (QTL) must be addressed before it can be integrated into a breeding program, including (i) its efficiency or gain compared to phenotypic selection; (ii) the usefulness of markers in breeding‐relevant populations; and (iii) the cost, throughput, and expertise required. We identified a major QTL, Fhb1, for Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and validated its effect in an additional mapping population and near‐isogenic lines developed from segregating lines in our breeding program. The effect of this QTL was large and consistent enough to justify complementing our extensive phenotypic screening efforts for this disease with MAS for this major QTL. Fhb1 is located in a highly polymorphic region, and we developed highly diagnostic markers while fine mapping this QTL. The establishment of the USDA‐ARS Regional Small Grains Genotyping Centers has dramatically increased our capabilities to apply MAS by providing access to high‐throughput DNA extraction and genotyping equipment. Because a limited number of individuals can be subjected to MAS, we use a process of retrospective breeding to identify those populations that are most likely to produce cultivar candidates. More efficient DNA extraction technologies and marker platforms will allow us to fully implement MAS in breeding programs.
Physiological Basis of Successful Breeding Strategies for Maize Grain Yield
Authors: Lee E. A. , Tollenaar M.
Published: December 2007

During the maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid era (1939 to present), commercial grain yields have improved nearly sixfold and the genetic component of the improvement has been estimated as approximately 60%. In this paper, we examine physiological factors and successful breeding strategies that underlie the yield improvement. Grain yield is the product of accumulating dry matter and allocating a portion of the total dry matter to the grain. The processes influencing dry matter accumulation are commonly referred to as the “source” components, while the processes influencing allocation of dry matter to the grain are referred to as the “sink” components. On the source side, changes in leaf canopy size and architecture account for only a minor portion of the improvement. The majority of the improvement in source capacity is due to visual and functional “stay‐green.” On the sink side, the improvement is through changes in the relationship between kernel number per plant and plant growth rate during a period bracketing silking. In a breeding context, these improvements have been made (i) in a “closed” germplasm pool stratified into heterotic groups; (ii) through use of a pedigree method of breeding structured to mimic reciprocal recurrent selection and thereby improving both additive and nonadditive genetic effects; and (iii) by a gradual increase in plant population densities during the hybrid era as the constant source of stress during both inbred line development and hybrid commercialization. Functional stay‐green and the sink establishment dynamics still represent opportunities for yield improvements. It is essential that source and sink are kept in balance, and that improvement in one accompanies a simultaneous improvement in the other. One strategy for exploiting these opportunities is to incorporate high plant population density trials into inbred line development programs.
Molecular Markers in a Commercial Breeding Program
Authors: Eathington Sam R. , Crosbie Theodore M. , Edwards Marlin D. , Reiter Robert S. , Bull Jason K.
Published: December 2007

In the 1980s, DNA‐based molecular markers were identified as having the potential to enhance corn (Zea mays L.) breeding. Research has demonstrated the advantage of using molecular markers for selection of simply inherited traits, however only a few studies have evaluated the potential to enhance genetic gain for quantitative traits. In the late 1990s, Monsanto decided to implement marker assisted selection for quantitative traits in our global plant breeding programs. We built genotyping systems and information tools and developed marker assisted methodologies that increased the mean performance in elite breeding populations.
NOVA University: Plant Breeding Education in a University without Walls
Authors: Andersen Sven B.
Published: December 2007

The NOVA university network consists of a collaboration between agriculture‐related institutions in Sweden, Norway, Finland, Iceland, and Denmark with the goal of supporting veterinary, forestry, and agricultural education. The plant breeding part of these activities was already initiated with joint Ph.D. courses in 1975 and also includes Baltic institutions from Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania since 1993. The joint courses and other network activities are a means of maintaining a true plant breeding identity in the geographical area while rapid changes take place within the agricultural industry, university curricula, and students' perception of the issue.
Modeling of a Bio-Thermo-Electric Micro-Cooler
Authors: Prabhakar Aparna , Murphy Michael C. , Devireddy Ram V.
Published: December 2007

This work is a part of an on-going research effort to fabricate a device consisting of an array of micro thermoelectric
coolers (μTECs) for highly localized control of temperature in biological systems. A preliminary lumped 1-D parameter
model was developed and numerical simulations were carried out to identify the critical and optimal design parameters
for a μTEC operating under steady state conditions. The lumped parameter analysis revealed the presence of a
new limitation on the maximum possible current through the system, which we denoted as the secondary breakdown current
(as opposed to the primary breakdown current associated with Joules heating). To further understand the effect of
contact resistances (thermal and electrical), radiative effects, and lateral effects (interactions between μTECs) in our device,
we developed a 3-D finite element model (FEM) using ANSYS®. The FEM analysis identified the optimal distance
between μTECs to generate discrete and distinct temperatures within the cells located in the extracellular matrix and thus,
generating the optimal design specifications for our device.
A Simple Method for the Estimation of Protein Retention in Hydrophobic
Interaction Chromatography Under Different Operation Conditions
Authors: Mahn Andrea , Lienqueo M. Elena , Asenjo Juan A.
Published: December 2007

Protein behavior in Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography using different chromatographic conditions was
investigated. A linear correlation was found between protein retention time on different matrixes and different initial elution
salt concentrations. Mathematical correlations between retention times under different chromatographic conditions
were obtained and validated, which can be used in process design and scale-up.
Effect of BMP-2 on Gene Expression of Enamel Matrix Proteins at the Dental Epithelial Cell Line
Authors: Xu Liming , Takahashi Ryoya , Harada Hidemitsu , Taniguchi Akiyoshi
Published: December 2007

Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions play an important role in the control of ameloblasts and odentoblasts differentiation,
and the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are known factors that regulate the differentiation of
ameloblasts. We examined the effect of BMP-2 on the expression of the enamel matrix protein genes at the dental epithelial
cell line. BMP-2 induced a 3- to 4-fold increase in amelogenin and ameloblastin mRNA expression, suggesting that
BMP-2 is important for ameloblast differentiation. This finding has potential application in the tissue engineering of tooth
re-constructions.
A Disposable Electrochemical Glucose Sensor Using Catalytic Subunit of Novel Thermostable Glucose Dehydrogenase
Authors: Yamaoka Hideaki , Sode Koji
Published: December 2007

We report here the development of a novel disposable-type glucose enzyme sensor based on a screen-printed
carbon electrode (SPCE) employing a catalytic subunit of FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FADGDH) and a Rucomplex
(hexaammineruthenium (III) chloride) as the electron mediator. The whole blood glucose measurement was
achieved in 2 seconds using a 500 nl sample of the range of 100-800 mg/ml.
One Thousand Dollar Assist Heart Pump for Patients from Developing Countries
Authors: Qian Kun-xi
Published: December 2007

In spite of continuous improvements in device design and applications, the profound use of heart pump has been limited because of its high price. The available clinically applied heart pump costs mostly about 100 thousands US Dollars. The author has since long tried to develop a heart pump costing only 1000 Dollars for recovery or bridge to heart transplantation therapies. The device is a radially driven centrifugal pump with a brush-less DC motor and a streamlined impeller. Its bearing is rolling bearing using 4 to 6 needles, manufactured by special wear-proof polythene with super-high-molecular weight, thus the service life achieves more than 10 years. To avoid thrombus formation, a special purge system is introduced to the bearing, allowing the saline with heparin to be infused through the bearing into the pump. The bearing, therefore, keeps working in the saline, and absolutely no thrombus will be formed along the bearing. Animal experiments demonstrated that a 30 mL fluid infusion per hour is enough to prevent thrombus formation. With these improvements, the impeller pump has continuously run for 14 months in the laboratory, and no bearing wear can be measured. The device, weighing 150 g, is fully implantable, consumes approximately 9.6 W, delivers a 9Lmin-1 blood flow against a 120 mmHg mean pressure, and reaches a highest total efficiency of 24.7% for the motor (including the controller) and the pump. The device has been used in animal experiments together with an American artificial lung for more than one month in the University of Texas and also in human trials in the Taiwan University.
Characterization of Liposomes for Cancer Cell Transfection
Authors: Tatarkova Svetlana A , Khaira Satvinder
Published: December 2007

We have characterized a broad range of liposome formulations with varying DcChol:DOPE ratio. Subsequent addition of DcChol to liposomes increases its positive surface charge. However, loading the nuclear acids did not neutralize the overall negative surface potential to a similar extent. The liposomes were tested by transfection of DNA in living cancer cells.
Cultivation and Differentiation of Encapsulated hMSC-TERT in a Disposable Small-Scale Syringe-Like Fixed Bed Reactor
Authors: Weber Christian , Pohl Sebastian , Pörtner Ralf , Wallrapp Christine , Kassem Moustapha , Geigle Peter , Czermak Peter
Published: December 2007

The use of commercially available plastic syringes is introduced as disposable small-scale fixed bed bioreactors for the cultivation of implantable therapeutic cell systems on the basis of an alginate-encapsulated human mesenchymal stem cell line. The system introduced is fitted with a noninvasive oxygen sensor for the continuous monitoring of the cultivation process. Fixed bed bioreactors offer advantages in comparison to other systems due to their ease of automation and online monitoring capability during the cultivation process. These benefits combined with the advantage of single-use make the fixed bed reactor an interesting option for GMP processes. The cultivation of the encapsulated cells in the fixed bed bioreactor system offered vitalities and adipogenic differentiation similar to well-mixed suspension cultures.
Time-Step Volume-Preserving Control of Chemical Reactors
Authors: Comenges José-Manuel Zaldívar , Strozzi Fernanda
Published: December 2007

We present a general control and optimization strategy based on time-step state space volume control. This is
performed by maintaining the divergence of the system close to zero. The on-line implementation is shown for batch
chemical reactors and the simulated results are compared with a traditional control scheme.
Effects of Eprosartan on Serum Metabolic Parameters in Patients with
Essential Hypertension
Authors: Rizos Evangelos C. , Spyrou Athanasia , Liberopoulos Evangelos N. , Papavasiliou Eleni C. , Saougos Vasilis , Tselepis Alexandros D. , Elisaf Moses
Published: December 2007

The effect of the anti-hypertensive drug eprosartan on metabolic parameters is currently not extensively documented. We evaluated the effect of eprosartan on parameters involved in atherogenesis, oxidative stress and clotting activity. This open-label unblinded intervention study included 40 adult patients with essential hypertension taking eprosartan. Eprosartan significantly reduced by 8% (p<0.001) the systolic and by 13% (p<.001) the diastolic blood pressure, and in-creased by 24% the time needed to produce oxidative by-products (p=0.001), a marker of oxidative stress. In contrast, ep-rosartan did not alter 8-isoprostane (8-epiPGF2a) levels, another marker of oxidative stress. Additionally, eprosartan re-duced by 14% aspartate aminotransferase and by 21% then alanine aminotransferase activity, while it had a neutral effect on the lipid profile and apolipoprotein levels and did not influence glucose homeostasis, creatinine and uric acid levels. Eprosartan did not affect the clotting/fibrinolytic status (estimated by plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, tissue plasmino-gen activator and a2 antiplasmin levels), or the enzymatic activity of the lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1). In conclusion, eprosartan should be mainly considered as an anti-hypertensive agent with neutral effects on most of the metabolic parameters in hypertensive patients.
Distinct iterable branches
Authors: Steel John R.
Published: December 2007

§1. Introduction. The basic problem of inner model theory is how to construct mice satisfying hypotheses appreciably stronger than “there is a Woodin limit of Woodin cardinals”. We have a family of constructions, the Kc-constructions, which ought to produce such mice under the appropriate hypotheses on V. Perhaps the most important thing we lack is a proof that the countable elementary submodels of premice produced by a Kc-construction are ω1 + 1-iterable. The best partial results in this direction are those of Neeman ([4]) for Kc-constructions making use of full background extenders over V, and those of Andretta, Neeman, and Steel ([1]) for arbitrary Kc-constructions.

Let be a countable premouse embedded by π into a level of the Kc-construction ℂ. If ℂ uses only full extenders over V as its background extenders, then π and ℂ enable one to lift an evolving iteration tree on to an iteration tree * on V. (See [3, §12].) The good behavior of * guarantees that of . The natural conjecture here is that V is ω1 + 1-iterable with respect to such trees* by the strategy of choosing the unique wellfounded branch. The open question here is uniqueness, since by [2] the uniqueness of the wellfounded branch chosen by * at limit stages strictly less than λ implies the existence of a wellfounded branch to be chosen at λ.
The first-order structure of weakly Dedekind-finite set
Authors: Walczak-Typke A. C.
Published: December 2007

We show that infinite sets whose power-sets are Dedekind-finite can only carry ℵ0-categorical first order structures. We identify other subclasses of this class of Dedekind-finite sets, and discuss their possible first order structures.
A dichotomy in classifying quantifiers for finite models
Authors: Shelah Saharon , Doron Mor
Published: December 2007

We consider a family of finite universes. The second order existential quantifier Qℜ means for each U Є quantifying over a set of n(ℜ)-place relations isomorphic to a given relation. We define a natural partial order on such quantifiers called interpretability. We show that for every Qℜ, either Qℜ is interpretable by quantifying over subsets of U and one to one functions on U both of bounded order, or the logic L(Qℜ) (first order logic plus the quantifier Qℜ) is undecidable.
Free spectra of linear equivalential algebras
Authors: Slomczyńska Katarzyna
Published: December 2007

We construct the finitely generated free algebras and determine the free spectra of varieties of linear equivalential algebras and linear equivalential algebras of finite height corresponding, respectively, to the equivalential fragments of intermediate Gödel-Dummett logic and intermediate finite-valued logics of Gödel. Thus we compute the number of purely equivalential propositional formulas in these logics in n variables for an arbitrary n ∈ ℕ.
Normalized natural deduction systems for some relevant logics I: The logic DW
Authors: Brady Ross T.
Published: December 2007

Fitch-style natural deduction was first introduced into relevant logic by Anderson in [1960], for the sentential logic E of entailment and its quantincational extension EQ. This was extended by Anderson and Belnap to the sentential relevant logics R and T and some of their fragments in [ENT1], and further extended to a wide range of sentential and quantified relevant logics by Brady in [1984]. This was done by putting conditions on the elimination rules, →E, ~E, ⋁E and ∃E, pertaining to the set of dependent hypotheses for formulae used in the application of the rule. Each of these rules were subjected to the same condition, this condition varying from logic to logic. These conditions, together with the set of natural deduction rules, precisely determine the particular relevant logic. Generally, this is a simpler representation of a relevant logic than the standard Routley-Meyer semantics, with its existential modelling conditions stated in terms of an otherwise arbitrary 3-place relation R, which is defined over a possibly infinite set of worlds. Readers are urged to refer to Brady [1984], if unfamiliar with the above natural deduction systems, but we will introduce in §2 a modified version in full detail.

Natural deduction for classical logic was invented by Jaskowski and Gentzen, but it was Prawitz in [1965] who normalized natural deduction, streamlining its rules so as to allow a subformula property to be proved. (This key property ensures that each formula in the proof of a theorem is indeed a subformula of that theorem.)
On weak and strong interpolation in algebraic logics
Authors: Sági Gábor , Shelah Saharon
Published: December 2007

We show that there is a restriction, or modification of the finite-variable fragments of First Order Logic in which a weak form of Craig's Interpolation Theorem holds but a strong form of this theorem does not hold. Translating these results into Algebraic Logic we obtain a finitely axiomatizable subvariety of finite dimensional Representable Cylindric Algebras that has the Strong Amalgamation Property but does not have the Superamalgamation Property. This settles a conjecture of Pigozzi [12].
Effectiveness and multivalued logics
Authors: Gerla Giangiacomo
Published: December 2007

Effective domain theory is applied to fuzzy logic. The aim is to give suitable notions of semi-decidable and decidableL-subset and to investigate about the effectiveness of the fuzzy deduction apparatus.
Associativity as commutativity
Authors: Dǒsen Kosta , Petrić Zoran
Published: December 2007

It is shown that coherence conditions for monoidal categories concerning associativity are analogous to coherence conditions for symmetric strictly monoidal categories, where associativity arrows are identities. Mac Lane's pentagonal coherence condition for associativity is decomposed into conditions concerning commutativity, among which we have a condition analogous to naturality and a degenerate case of Mac Lane's hexagonal condition for commutativity. This decomposition is analogous to the derivation of the Yang-Baxter equation from Mac Lane's hexagon and the naturality of commutativity. The pentagon is reduced to an inductive definition of a kind of commutativity.
Jump operator and Yates Degrees
Authors: Wu Guohua
Published: December 2007

In [9], Yates proved the existence of a Turing degree a such that 0, 0′ are the only c.e. degrees comparable with it. By Slaman and Steel [7], every degree below 0′ has a 1-generic complement, and as a consequence, Yates degrees can be 1-generic, and hence can be low. In this paper, we prove that Yates degrees occur in every jump class.
On the Herbrand notion of consistency for finitely axiomatizable fragments of bounded arithmetic theories
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Leszek Aleksander
Published: December 2007

Modifying the methods of Z. Adamowicz's paperHerbrand consistency and bounded arithmetic[3] we show that there exists a numbernsuch that ⋃mSm(the union of the bounded arithmetic theoriesSm) does not prove the Herbrand consistency of the finitely axiomatizable theory S3n
Uniform almost everywhere domination
Authors: Cholak Peter , Greenberg Noam , Miller Joseph S.
Published: December 2007

We explore the interaction between Lebesgue measure and dominating functions. We show, via both a priority construction and a forcing construction, that there is a function of incomplete degree that dominates almost all degrees. This answers a question of Dobrinen and Simpson, who showed that such functions are related to the proof-theoretic strength of the regularity of Lebesgue measure for Gδ sets. Our constructions essentially settle the reverse mathematical classification of this principle.
Diagonal actions and Borel equivalence relations
Authors: Ding Longyun , Gao Su
Published: December 2007

We investigate diagonal actions of Polish groups and the related intersection operator on closed subgroups of the acting group. The Borelness of the diagonal orbit equivalence relation is characterized and is shown to be connected with the Borelness of the intersection operator. We also consider relatively tame Polish groups and give a characterization of them in the class of countable products of countable abelian groups. Finally an example of a logic action is considered and its complexity in the Borel reducbility hierarchy determined.
A Metamathematical Condition Equivalent to the Existence of a Complete Left Invariant Metric for a Polish Group
Authors: Thompson Alex
Published: December 2007

Strengthening a theorem of Hjorth this paper gives a new characterization of which Polish groups admit compatible complete left invariant metrics. As a corollary it is proved that any Polish group without a complete left invariant metric has a continuous action on a Polish space whose associated orbit equivalence relation is not essentially countable.
Core models in the presence of Woodin cardinals
Authors: Schindler Ralf
Published: December 2007

Let 0 < n < ω. If there are n Woodin cardinals and a measurable cardinal above, but doesn't exist, then the core model K exists in a sense made precise. An Iterability Inheritance Hypothesis is isolated which is shown to imply an optimal correctness result for K.
A Buchholz derivation system for the ordinal analysis of KP + Π3-reflection
Authors: Michelbrink Markus
Published: December 2007

In this paper we introduce a notation system for the infinitary derivations occurring in the ordinal analysis of KP + Π3-Reflection due to Michael Rathjen. This allows a finitary ordinal analysis of KP + Π3-Reflection. The method used is an extension of techniques developed by Wilfried Buchholz, namely operator controlled notation systems for RS∞-derivations. Similarly to Buchholz we obtain a characterisation of the provably recursive functions of KP + Π3-Reflection as <-recursive functions where < is the ordering on Rathjen's ordinal notation system . Further we show a conservation result for -sentences.
Every 1-generic computes a properly 1-generic
Authors: Csima Barbara F. , Downey Rod , Greenberg Noam , Hirschfeldt Denis R. , Miller Joseph S.
Published: December 2007

A real is called properly n-generic if it is n-generic but not n + 1-generic. We show that every 1-generic real computes a properly 1-generic real. On the other hand, if m > n ≥ 2 then an m-generic real cannot compute a properly n-generic real.
Computability Results Used in Differential Geometry
Authors: Csima Barbara F. , Soare Robert I.
Published: December 2007

Topologists Nabutovsky and Weinberger discovered how to embed computably enumerable (c.e.) sets into the geometry of Riemannian metrics modulo diffeomorphisms. They used the complexity of the settling times of the c.e. sets to exhibit a much greater complexity of the depth and density of local minima for the diameter function than previously imagined. Their results depended on the existence of certain sequences of c.e. sets, constructed at their request by Csima and Soare, whose settling times had the necessary dominating properties. Although these computability results had been announced earlier, their proofs have been deferred until this paper.

Computably enumerable sets have long been used to proveundecidabilityof mathematical problems such as the word problem for groups and Hilbert's Tenth Problem. However, this example by Nabutovsky and Weinberger is perhaps the first example of the use of c.e. sets to demonstrate specificmathematical or geometric complexityof a mathematical structure such as the depth and distribution of local minima.
Randomness and halting probabilities
Authors: Becher VeróNica , Figueira Santiago , Grigorieff Serge , Miller Joseph S.
Published: December 2007

We consider the question of randomness of the probability ΩU[X] that an optimal Turing machine U halts and outputs a string in a fixed set X. The main results are as follows:

• ΩU[X] is random whenever X is Σn0-complete or Πn0-complete for some n ≥ 2.

• However, for n ≥ 2, ΩU[X] is not n-random when X is Σn0 or Πn0. Nevertheless, there exists Δn+10 sets such that ΩU[X] is n-random.

• There are Δ20 sets X such that ΩU[X] is rational. Also, for every n ≥ 1, there exists a set X which is Δn+10 and Σn0-hard such that ΩU[X] is not random.

We also look at the range of ΩU as an operator. We prove that the set {ΩU[X]: X ⊆ 2≤ω} is a finite union of closed intervals. It follows that for any optimal machine U and any sufficiently small real r, there is a set X ⊆ 2≤ω recursive in ∅′ ⊕ r, such that ΩU[X] = r.

The same questions are also considered in the context of infinite computations, and lead to similar results.
The pointwise ergodic theorem in subsystems of second-order arithmetic
Authors: Simic Ksenija
Published: December 2007

The pointwise ergodic theorem is nonconstructive. In this paper, we examine origins of this non-constructivity, and determine the logical strength of the theorem and of the auxiliary statements used to prove it. We discuss properties of integrable functions and of measure preserving transformations and give three proofs of the theorem, though mostly focusing on the one derived from the mean ergodic theorem. All the proofs can be carried out in ACA0; moreover, the pointwise ergodic theorem is equivalent to (ACA) over the base theory RCA0.
Bounding homogenous models
Authors: Barbara F. Csima  , Harizanov Valentina S. , Hirschfeldt Denis R. , Soare Robert I.
Published: December 2007

A Turing degree d is homogeneous bounding if every complete decidable (CD) theory has a d-decidable homogeneous model , i.e., the elementary diagram De () has degree d. It follows from results of Macintyre and Marker that every PA degree (i.e., every degree of a complete extension of Peano Arithmetic) is homogeneous bounding. We prove that in fact a degree is homogeneous bounding if and only if it is a PA degree. We do this by showing that there is a single CD theory T such that every homogeneous model of T has a PA degree.
A power function with a fixed finite gap everywhere
Authors: Merimovich Carmi
Published: December 2007

We give an application of the extender based Radin forcing to cardinal arithmetic. Assuming κ is a large enough cardinal we construct a model satisfying 2κ = κ+n together with 2λ = λ+n for each cardinal λ < κ, where 0 < n < ω. The cofinality of κ can be set arbitrarily or κ can remain inaccessible.

When κ remains an inaccessible, Vκ is a model of ZFC satisfying 2λ = λ+n for all cardinals λ.
On sets not belonging to algebras
Authors: Grinblat L. Š.
Published: December 2007

Let be a finite sequence of algebras of sets given on a set with more than pairwise disjoint sets not belonging to It was shown in [4] and [5] that in this case Let us consider, instead a finite sequence of algebras It turns out that if for each natural i ≤ l there exist no less than pairwise disjoint sets not belonging to then But if l ≥ 195 and if for each natural i ≤ l there exist no less than pairwise disjoint sets not belonging to then After consideration of finite sequences of algebras, it is natural to consider countable sequences of algebras. We obtained two essentially important theorems on a countable sequence of almost σ-algebras (the concept of almost σ-algebra was introduced in [4]).