bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Violencia(s) y democracia como conceptos codependientes
Authors: Muñoz María Antonieta
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se problematiza la relación entre la violencia y la democracia con el objeto de demostrar que ellas no son excluyentes sino que son categorías codependientes. Para ello se estudian las diferentes formas de violencia ejercidas durante la historia reciente de Argentina a través de fuentes secundarias considerando tanto datos cuantitativos como cualitativos. El problema se aborda desde una perspectiva teórica post estructuralista utilizando los conceptos de violencia política subjetiva, sistémica y simbólica. Se concluye que han sido muy pocos los gobiernos democráticos argentinos que han desplegado bajos niveles de violencia política subjetiva. A pesar de ello, la articulación del Estado, la Nación, la idea de lo popular y la democracia han regulado la violencia entre diferentes colectivos políticos. Sin embargo, surgieron otras variables que restringen este proceso.
Los negros no cuentan. Acerca de las demandas de reconocimiento de los afrodescendientes en Chile y la exclusión pigmentocrática
Authors: Campos Luis
Published: September 2021

La población afro en Chile lleva años demandando reconocimiento sin mayores éxitos. Esto se ha reflejado en la falta de una normativa específica que ampare a los afrodescendientes, como también en la negación a incluir una pregunta de caracterización afro en los censos nacionales de población. Las razones de esta exclusión comienzan muchos años atrás y tienen que ver con la negación de una identidad racial y cultural por razones pigmentocráticas, de marcado carácter nacionalista, con trasfondos racistas, que habiéndose establecido desde tiempos coloniales, se prolongan desde la Guerra del Pacífico hasta nuestros días. La hipótesis que levanto plantea que la negación, la invisibilización, la exclusión y la falta de reconocimiento de los afrodescendientes son producto de antiguas formas de pigmentocracia nacionalista en las cuales la pertenencia a la nación está dada por la exclusión de aquellos pigmentos más oscuros, no solo siendo cuestionado el ascenso social de indígenas y afrodescendientes, sino también, en el caso de los negros, la misma posibilidad de ser considerados chilenos.
La pregunta por el origen. Narrativas sobre la infancia de personas nacidas entre 1960 y 1970 que buscan conocer sus orígenes en Argentina
Authors: Gesteira Soledad
Published: September 2021

Este artículo examina las narrativas que elaboran sobre su infancia personas que fueron anotados en el Registro Civil en Argentina como si fueran hijos biológicos de quienes los criaron y que actualmente son activistas que buscan sus orígenes y reclaman por su derecho a la identidad. Estas narrativas de infancia son una vía para explorar los sentidos usualmente asociados a la familia, el parentesco, la maternidad y la adopción en los años 1960 y 1970 -esto es en la época en que fueron niños- y comprender cómo era administrada la “cuestión de los orígenes” cuando se adoptaba, legal o ilegalmente, a un niño en aquella época.Este análisis revela, por un lado, la capacidad de agencia de aquellos niños -hoy adultos activistas- para interpelar a sus “padres de crianza” y obtener información sobre sus orígenes, y por otro lado, la transformación de los sentidos relativos a la adopción y la identidad que hizo posible que en la actualidad resulte cuestionable ocultar a los niños sus orígenes biológicos, en parte, por el activismo jurídico-político desplegado por Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo en torno al derecho a la identidad.
Biochemical composition, nutritional analysis and antioxidant activity of Buchanania lanzan Spreng fruits
Authors: Suryawanshi Madhuri , Patil Vilas , Jadhav (Rathod) Varsha
Published: September 2021

Buchanania lanzan Spreng belongs to the family Anacardiaceae. The primary focus of this study was to examine phytochemical, proximate, antioxidant property and GCMS evaluation of unripe and ripen fruit of B. lanzan Spreng. The phytochemical studies showed that alkaloids, phenols, flavones, saponins, coumarins, glycosides and tannins are present in both ripen and unripe fruits. The proximate evaluation confirmed that crude fat (14.5%) and protein (6.37±0.69 g/100g) is high in ripen fruit. In unripe fruit (11.3%) crude fat and protein (4.11%) is less percent. The carotenoid (5.58 ± 0.5 mg/100g) and catalase (0.226±0.074 mg/100g) activity is higher in unripe fruit. The total polyphenol (6.4±0.8 mg/100g) and peroxidase (0.362±0.017 mg/100g) content show greater activity in ripen fruit. In DPPH and FRAP highest activity showed in methanol extract of ripen and unripe fruit than the other solvent. GC-MS evaluation showed many bioactive compounds present in unripe and ripen fruit. It is concluded that nutritional and bioactive ability is high in ripen and unripe fruits of B. lanzan. The fruits of B.lanzan are a good source of nutrition and medicinally important.
Bütünleşik SD ve PROMETHEE ÇKKV Yöntemleri ile Portföy Optimizasyonu: BİST Gıda, İçecek ve Tütün Sektöründe Ampirik Bir Uygulama
Authors: AKBULUT Osman Yavuz , ŞENOL Zekai
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı, firma getirisini etkileyebilecek değişkenler ve Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) tekniklerine göre optimal portföy oluşturmaktır. Çalışmada, BİST Gıda, İçecek ve Tütün sektöründe faaliyet gösteren firmaların 2015-2020 dönemine ilişkin verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışmada Standard Deviation (SD) ve The Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) ÇKKV yöntemlerinden oluşan bütünleşik bir model kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında SD yöntemi kullanılarak, seçilen finansal kriterlere ilişkin ağırlık katsayıları tespit edilmiştir. SD yöntemine göre, tüm örneklem döneminde, firmaların performansı üzerinde etkili olan en önemli kriter cari orandır. İkinci aşamada PROMETHEE yöntemi ile firmaların performans skorları tespit edilmiştir. Son aşamada ise elde edilen performans skorlarına bağlı olarak PROMETHEE yöntemine göre etkin sınır üzerinde yer alan firmalardan bir portföy oluşturulmuştur. PROMETHEE yöntemi sonuçlarına göre çalışma kapsamına alınan tüm dönemlerde etkin sınır üzerinde yer alan 6 firmanın olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, seçilen alternatiflere ve kriterleri bağlı olarak oluşturulan optimal portföyün sektör ve BİST-100 endeks getirisinden daha yüksek getiri sağladığı anlaşılmıştır. Bu nedenle, seçilen karar değişkenleri ve ÇKKV tekniklerinin optimal portföy oluşturmada tutarlı olduğu söylenebilir.
TFRS 15 Müşteri Sözleşmelerinden Hasılat Standardına Geçişin BİST 100 Endeksindeki Firmaların Finansal Tablolarına Etkileri
Authors: TEZEL Korten , ÜÇOĞLU Derya
Published: September 2021

Hasılatın muhasebeleştirilmesi konusunda yeterli rehberlik sağlayamayan TMS 11 İnşaat Sözleşmeleri ve TMS 18 Hasılat standartlarının yerini 1 Ocak 2018’den itibaren yürürlüğe girmiş olan TFRS 15 Müşteri Sözleşmelerinden Hasılat standardı almıştır. Bu çalışmada beş adım modeli ile hasılatın muhasebeleştirilmesi konusunda yeni bir çerçeve çizmiş olan TFRS 15’e geçişin BİST 100 endeksindeki firmaların finansal tablolarına etkileri incelenmiştir. TFRS 15’e geçişin etkisini belirlemek için, geçiş yılı olan 2018 yıl sonu finansal tablolarına ve dipnotlarına içerik analizi yapılmıştır. TFRS 15 uygulamasına ilişkin olarak gerekli finansal verileri (TFRS 15 öncesi ve sonrası) açıklamış olan 16 işletmenin geçişten etkilenen kalemlerindeki yüzdesel değişimler hesaplanmış, söz konusu değişimlerin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olup olmadığının belirlenmesi için ilişkili (bağımlı) örnekler t testleri yapılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, TFRS 15’in varlıklar üzerindeki etkilerinin ve karlılık üzerindeki olumlu etkilerinin en belirgin olarak teknoloji ile ulaştırma, haberleşme ve depolama sektörlerinde ve karlılık üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinin de özkaynak yöntemiyle değerlenen yatırımlar nedeniyle bir holding üzerinde görülmesi söz konusudur. Ancak yeni hasılat standardına geçişin hiçbir finansal tablo kalemi üzerinde istatistiksel olarak önemli bir etkisinin olduğu da tespit edilememiştir.
Nakit Akış Oranlarına Dayalı Finansal Performansların Kombine Uzlaşık Çözüm Yöntemi ile Analizi: BIST’te İşlem Gören Enerji Firmaları Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: ÇİFTCİ Havva Nur , KUZU YILDIRIM Sultan , YILDIRIM Bahadır Fatih
Published: September 2021

İşletmelerde nakdin hangi kaynaklardan yaratıldığı ve ne şekilde kullanıldığı ayrıntılı olarak nakit akış tablolarında sunulmaktadır. Nakit akış tabloları işletmelerin performansının ölçülmesinde ve finansal yapılarının analiz edilmesinde de önemli bir araç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada BIST Enerji sektöründe faaliyet gösteren işletmelerin 2012-2019 dönem aralığındaki finansal performansları, nakit akış oranları üzerinden analiz edilmiştir. İşletmelerin finansal performanslarını belirlemek üzere incelenen dönem aralığındaki yıllara ait veriler her bir yıl için tekil olarak Kombine Uzlaşık Çözüm (CoCoSo) yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen performans skorlarından oluşturulan nihai karar matrisi CRITIC yöntemi ile ağırlıklandırılarak, Ağırlık Toplam Metodu (WSM) yöntemi kullanılarak tek bir skorda birleştirilmiş ve sıralamalar elde edilmiştir. Analiz sonucuna göre incelenen dönem aralığında finansal performansı en yüksek işletme Ayen Enerji olarak belirlenmiştir
Türkiye’de Finansal Sistemden Sağlanan Çeşitli Getirilerin VAR Modeli İle Etkileşimlerinin Analizi
Authors: ŞEKER Kudbeddin
Published: September 2021

Araştırmada Türkiye’de finansal sistem içinde yer alan finansal araçların getirileri olarak değerlendirilen BIST 100 endeksi, faiz, euro, dolar, altın ve devlet iç borçlanma senedi (DIBS) arasındaki etkileşimler 2005M1-2021M1 dönemlerine ait TÜFE bazlı aylık reel getiri oranları kullanılarak VAR analizi ile incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın veri setinde tüm bu değişkenlerin bir arada yer alması çalışmayı önemli kılmaktadır. Araştırmada etki-tepki analizinden elde edilen sonuçlara göre, tüm getiri değişkenlerinin kendilerinde oluşan şoklara ilk dönemde hep pozitif tepki verdikleri görülmüştür. Türkiye’ de finansal sistemden sağlanan getiri araçlarından, BIST 100 endeks getirisi ile faiz, altın, dolar ve DIBS getirileri arasında hem tamamlayıcılık ve hem de ikame ilişkisi bulunmuştur. Devlet İç Borçlanma Senedi (DIBS), faiz ve dolar getirilerinin daha çok birbirleriyle etkileşim içinde oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin finansal araçlardan sağlanan getirilerin sınanması nedeniyle analiz sonuçlarının yatırımcılara, ekonomik birimlere ve literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
O que sabemos sobre a violência contra as mulheres em tempos pandêmicos? Insights baseados em tendências de busca
Authors: Guatimosim Rafaela Ferreira , Teles Ana Luiza Silva , Loureiro Fabiano Franca , Baldaçara Leonardo Rodrigo , Silva Antônio Geraldo da , Miranda Débora Marques de , Malloy-Diniz Leandro Fernandes
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Mulheres tem sido associadas, desde o início da pandemia com níveis mais elevados de stress e ansiedade. Esta breve comunicação visa avaliar a situação da violência doméstica contra a mulher no Brasil durante o isolamento social devido à pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Extraímos dados do Google Trends mostrando a magnitude das pesquisas sobre os temas violência doméstica e denúncias de violência doméstica e depois comparamos com dados de relatórios de denúncias. Resultados: As buscas no Google contendo esses termos aumentaram enquanto as denúncias contra a violência doméstica diminuíram. Conclusão: O crescimento das buscas sobre violência doméstica e queixas de violência doméstica indica a possibilidade de um aumento real  deste tipo de violência no Brasil
Trust: interdiscursive analysis of the phenomenon
Authors: Ebeling Evelina Olegovna , Cherepanova Mariya Ivanovna
Published: September 2021

This article provides a theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of trust from the perspective of basic humanities: sociology, economics, law, etc. The subject of this research is the basic components of trust in the context of vast field of knowledge in social sciences and humanities. Research methodology employs multi-paradigm approach towards analyzing modern transformations of trust from preindustrial to postindustrial society. The author applies cross-disciplinary and comprehensive analysis of various forms and types of trust existing in modern world. The article considers the theoretical approaches towards studying trust that are characteristic to the foreign sociological thought, from the theory of social action and the social system to social and human capital. The novelty lies in determination of the common and specific within the basic divisions of knowledge in the context of the analysis of trust as the framework phenomenon of efficient functioning of modern society through the prism of contemporary domestic and foreign authors. Description is give to indicative components of trust; a;; levels of its efficient functioning are summarized. The author reveals the major barriers that cause crisis and a low culture of trust in the modern post-Soviet space. The conclusion is made that at the macro-level, trust encourages an individual to productive social integration and effective activity for the good of society. The macro-level of functionality of trust substantiated the effectiveness of political and social institutions, which serves as the criterion for the level of the development of democracy and civil society. The persistence of trust is determined by the historical dynamics of social development, as well as depends on its cultural and national components.
On the indicators of competence achievement for the group of specialties 51.00.00 “Cultural Studies and Socio-Cultural Projects”
Authors: Bykova Natalia Ivanovna
Published: September 2021

The subject of this research is the competencies and indicators of competence achievement in the educational standards in the sphere of culture and art. The object of this research is the group of specialties 51.00.00 “Cultural Studies and Socio-Cultural Projects”, namely the federal state educational standard of higher education – Bachelor's Degree in the field 51.03.02 “Folk Art Culture”. The article reviews the competences and indicators of achieving competences in the specialty 51.03.02 “Folk Art culture”, the discipline “Management of Film, Photo, and Video Studio”. The main research method is the analysis of literature and normative legal documents, including state educational standards and basic educational curricula in the context of competency approach. The author applies the method of describing personal experience based on the practical work of the Faculty of Culture and Arts and the actual pedagogical practice of F. M. Dostoevsky Omsk State University.  The scientific novelty consists in the development of indicators of general professional competencies for the indicated group of specialties. Currently, there is no uniform understanding of the indicators of competence achievement; it is on the stage of scientific discussion. The relevance for understanding competencies and their indicators is substantiated by the fact that the new federal state educational standards of higher education do not regulate this aspect, leaving the developers certain freedom on this matter. The competencies and indicators of competencies are considered on the example of the experience of the Faculty of Culture and Arts and actual pedagogical practice of F. M. Dostoevsky Omsk State University.
ANALISIS KINERJA PERUSAHAAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BALANCE SCORECARD PADA UNIT USAHA SYARIAH PT ASURANSI ADIRA DINAMIKA,TBK
Authors: Suryawadi Eko , Khalil Jafril
Published: September 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganilisis kinerja perusahaan dengan menggunakan metode balanced scorecard pada Unit Usaha Syariah PT. Asuransi Adira Dinamika, Tbk berdasarkan pengolahan data primer dan sekunder berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan dari tahun 2016 sampai dengan 2019 dan data primer yang berupa hasil kuesioner mengacu pada rumusan masalah dan tujuan penelitian. Desain penelitian ini kuantitatif deskriptif untuk mengetahui kinerja unit usaha syariah PT. Asuransi Adira Dinamika,Tbk, dari 4 (empat) perspektif yaitu keuangan, pelanggan, proses bisnis internal serta pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan dengan pendekatan metode balanced scorecard. Dari perspektif keuangan kinerja perusahaan secara umum sangat baik dan perusahaan dalam kategori sehat. Dari perspektif pelanggan secara umum sangat baik, tingkat kepuasan pelanggan mencapai target 88,2%. Dari perspektif proses bisnis internal secara umum sangat baik, tingkat kepuasan proses bisnis di internal perusahaan mencapai target 84,8%. Dan dalam perspektif pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan pencapaian target kepuasan sumber daya manusia di dalam perusahaan 87,2%. Dengan hasil kinerja yang sangat baik ini memacu manajemen untuk mengembangkan unit usaha syariah menjadi perusahaan asuransi yang unggul dan kompetitif.
Relationship of Personal Hygiene and BMI with OHI-S Scores among Primary School Children in a District in North India
Authors: Faheem Bhatt  , Shelly Sachdeva  , Kush Pathak  , Vishal Vashishth  , Jyotsna Rani
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition, among children can lead to various morbidities, and some of its consequences can be fatal. AIM: To assess Hygiene with Nutrition & Morbidity among school children in district Ambala, Haryana, India. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Data was collected through a health check-up program for primary school children studying in class I and class III (aged only between 6-9 years) using a pre-tested and pre-designed questionnaire, weighing scale, measuring tape and dental screening instruments. The investigators were duly standardized and concerned instruments were duly calibrated. No names and personal information was collected and before the student was sent for examination, his I-card was removed. Data cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Shapiro wilk-test for data normalcy revealed a parametric distribution of the data and hence, the student’s t-test and multiple logistic regression were applied. RESULTS: The study included 216 males and 106 females, and the maximum unfavourable score (unclean hands, feet and skin) was observed in 40.1% of the children. Difference between favourable and unfavourable scores with OHI-S ≤2 was found to be 65.3% (p=0.02) and maximum students (68.9%), reported having a good favourable OHI-S score (p=0.01). It was observed that maximum males (43.1%) and females (48.1%) belonged to the “Normal” category of BMI, while lesser females (6.7%) were overweight in comparison to their male counterparts. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that OHI-S scores were significantly associated with BMI status (p=0.05) of the children, indicating that children with higher BMI scores have a tendency to have “fair” and “poor” OHI-S scores. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, appropriate measures can be undertaken to ensure that schools as well as healthcare professionals undertake more stringent measures to educate parents, children as well as teachers regarding the relationship between poor oral health and increased BMI values.
“Meşrute-i İrani” (İran Usulü Meşrutiyet)
Authors: SOSAR Mehdi
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmada İranlı tarihçi Maşaallah Acudani’nin İran tarihinde bir dönüm noktası olan meşrutiyet devrimine giden süreçte, devrimin iki temel aktörü olan ulema ve aydın sınıfının devrimdeki rolleri ve onların zihin dünyalarını konu alan Meşrute-i İrani (İran usulü meşrutiyet) kitabı incelenmiştir. Bu kitap İran meşrutiyet tarihi çalışmalarında başvurulan temel kaynaklardan biridir.
Adding Value: Upcycling problematic plastic waste through digital craft
Authors:   , Tim Huy
Published: September 2021

Plastic pollution is and continues to be a growing problem in today’s world. The consequences of its abundance and combination of take, make, and waste practices linger within our environment and landfills, resulting in negative social, economic, and environmental impacts. Due to China’s new waste ban, New Zealand (NZ) is no longer able to export plastic waste overseas. With the current inadequate waste management infrastructure and without recycling restrictions on different types of plastics, this waste stream becomes complex and problematic.

A significant amount of this waste originates from single-use and non-recyclable plastics, which has only increased over time with the emergence of consumer convenience packaging. Thus, in addition to new infrastructure and systems, a cultural shift and greater awareness is needed to address the plastic waste issue.

There are existing industry leaders who have successfully closed the loop for recycling certain plastic waste streams in NZ. However, field research has revealed that even within such closed looped systems, some residual non-recyclable waste still remains. This research proposes to add new value to this low value and problematic waste in the form of highly crafted artefacts.

This opportunity is explored with a ‘Research through Design’ methodology focusing on 3D printing and digital craft. This includes a practice-based research approach that includes material experimentation and reflective practice to inform the creation of design outputs. The investigation explores the upcycling of bottle caps and sticker labels as difficult and low value waste streams. Outputs include 3D printed artefacts for a variety of applications, including lighting, furniture and craft objects. These design outputs aim to demonstrate how undervalued and neglected materials can be reincarnated in a more durable form, to raise awareness and elicit responses regarding throwaway culture and the global waste problem.
The Aesthetics of Making
Authors:   , Buttimore Matt
Published: September 2021

As the architectural design process evolves and embraces new techniques and technologies and mass production is more readily available, the relationship between designer and craftsman has become more distant. As we look to produce more and more architecture every year on a larger production scale, the craft and detail of the architecture begin to fall at the wayside. As we lose this relationship, the culture and identity of a place are also lost as these technologies are not responding to specific site and cultural implications.

One such site where this is applicable is the small coastal town of Onemana in the Coromandel, a town of slightly more than 300 homes constructed as a single development in the 1980s. The rush to produce more homes and on a larger scale has meant the town’s architecture does not reflect the community culture or coastal identity of the place or the people who live there.

This thesis argues that there is an existing relationship between craftsperson and designer and explores how this relationship and detail design can generate and inform architectural design. Understanding this relationship will generate detail design that has a more powerful outcome on the spatial qualities of the architecture and generates my own detail design language. It also argues that there exists a relationship between detail design and the urban environment, which is not fully utilised in the industry.

The thesis proposes that this can be achieved by testing and evaluating this hypothesis across three scales and three types of urban context. The three test sites identified are a small scale private dwelling, a mid-scale cultural installation and a large scale town centre. Using the process of beginning with detail design, architectural installations will be implemented and evaluated before moving to the following location. As result the method will be proven to work across multiple scales and reflect a variety of cultural inputs.
Creating Comfort in the Absence of Memory
Authors:   , Willocks Katlyn
Published: September 2021

As New Zealand’s population ages, so does the risk of developing age-related cognitive diseases such as dementia. Whilst most associate dementia with memory loss alone, the progressive nature of the disease can affect and create problems with thinking and behaviour, as well as memory. To date, there is no known cure.

Increasingly, rural areas such as Alexandra, located in the Central Otago region, find that aged-care services cannot meet the growing demand. This issue has had a negative impact on the local community, causing stress for individuals who must move far from their home - losing their sense of ‘place-identity’ and, therefore, ‘self’ in the process.

Stemming from the notion of ‘difference’, people living with dementia are equally at risk of being stigmatised due to the misunderstanding of behaviours and historical representation of aged-care architecture, which cut off individuals from the wider society. As a result, the unfamiliar and often unhome-like quality of these environments, alongside the stigma associated with cognitive diseases, can lead to a faster deterioration of a person’s condition.

Through a design-led research approach, this thesis explores the design of a ‘normative aged-care environment’ – one that can allow an individual to live well with dementia. An independent review of literature and a case study analysis established that integrating an intergenerational programme can promote a sense of community and remove the stigma of ‘difference’ through architectural intervention. By designing for community engagement, this thesis aims to suggest an architecture that can provide support and comfort to an individual in the absence of memory.
Digital Design for Diabetes: 3D Printing Variable-Density Diabetic Orthotics to Mitigate Lower-Limb Amputations in New Zealand
Authors:   , Michau Marcus
Published: September 2021

Currently, there are approximately 228,000 people in New Zealand who have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Without critical intervention, this number is projected to reach epidemic proportions within the next 20 years. The development of type 2 diabetes is most commonly seen in those who are obese and can cause significant physical, mental and financial complications for the patient. Arguably the most detrimental of the physical complications is diabetic neuropathy, which is a form of nerve damage caused by the long-term blood vessel damage, and can eventually lead to amputation of the patient's foot or entire lower leg. There are numerous factors that play a role in the eventual need for amputation; however, the presentation and development of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are considered to be the most substantial.

This research focuses on mitigating diabetes-related amputations and improving the overall well-being of those with diabetes in New Zealand by developing a range of customised orthotics to assist in the prevention of DFUs. Contextual research into diabetes, an analysis of current treatment strategies/products, and experimentation with innovative new materials and manufacturing technologies will be used to inform new product concepts. An experimental and iterative research process is used to explore bio-based materials and 'foaming' 3D print filament. Digital control of the 3D printing process combined with data-driven geometry control through parametric software, is then used to generate variable physical and mechanical properties from a single material for use in multi-density orthotic production. The intention is to replicate the properties of the foams and varying density EVAs that are traditionally used to make customised orthotics.

The design output of this research is a digitally-generated, 3D-printed orthotic product that can effectively assist in preventing the presentation and development of DFUs, subsequently mitigating diabetes-related amputations in New Zealand. Additionally, this research aims to provide performance specifications for future bio-based, multi-density materials that can be controlled using additive manufacturing technologies.
Research on the Mode Transformation and Innovation of Urban Planning Management
Authors: Chen Ping
Published: September 2021

As an important part of today’s social development, cities are also an important guarantee for the improvement of people’s living standards. As an important model of urban spatial layout, urban planning and management plays an important role in the development of urban economy, politics and culture. Based on this, this paper takes “urban planning and management” as the research theme, analyzes the existing planning model, and starts from the aspects of content and form, improves the pertinence and directivity of the existing planning system, so as to provide valuable reference for experts in the field.
Prevalence of measles antibody in children of different ages in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Karimi A. , Arjomandi A. , Alborzi A. , Rasouli M. , Kadivar M. R. , Obood B. , Pourabbas B.
Published: September 2021

An outbreak of measles due to secondary vaccine failure prompted this investigation into the prevalence of measles antibody in children. We studied 608 children in 7 different age groups:6, 9, 14 and 18 months and 6, 10 and 15 years. Children in the 2 youngest groups received no vaccination; the rest were vaccinated at 9 months and 15 months. The 15-year-old age group received an additional vaccination. Transplacental measles antibody [Ab] decreased from 10.0% at 6 months to 0% at 9 months. Measles Ab was positive in 52.9% [14 months], 89.4% [18 months], 60.8% 96 years], 45.0% [10 years] and 96.8% [15 years]. To increase Ab levels, a booster vaccination is recommended, administered either with the second DPT booster or at pre-high school age
Group A streptococci in children with acute pharyngitis in Sousse, Tunisia
Authors: mzoughi R. , Bouallegue O. , Selmi H. , Ben Said H. , Essoussi A. S. , Jeddi M.
Published: September 2021

A 1-year prospective study in 2 paediatric outpatient clinics in Sousse, Tunisia, aimed to determine the presence of group A streptococci in acute pharyngitis cases and carriers, and the distribution of the serotypes and biotypes. Group A streptococci were found in 9.0% of throat swabs from 155 controls and 17.7% from 474 patients [P < 0.05]. Of 43 strains isolated from patients and submitted for typing, 15 different types were identified, the most common being M75 [14 strains; 32.5%], M9 [6 strains; 14.0%], M76 [5 strains; 11.6%] and M12 [4 strains; 9.3%]. Three strains were non-typeable [7.0%]. Biotyping of the strains showed 3 predominant biotypes:biotype 3 [n = 14], biotype 2 [n = 11], and biotype 1 [n = 7]
Cryptosporidiosis in children in a north Jordanian paediatric hospital
Authors: Mahgoub E. S. , Al Mahbashi A. , Abdul Latif B.
Published: September 2021

We investigated the rate of infection by Cryptosporidium parvum among children from birth to 12 years attending Princess Rahma Teaching Hospital in Irbid, Jordan and evaluated various diagnostic methods. We collected single stool specimens from 300 children; 7 specimens were from children undergoing chemotherapy treatment for cancer. Diagnostic methods used for detection of infection were direct wet mount preparation, flotation concentration, cold Kinyoun Ziehl-Neelsen stain and direct immunofluorescence. We detected C. parvum oocysts in 112 samples [37.3%] using direct immunofluorescence, which showed the highest sensitivity. Source of drinking water appeared to be an important risk factor for transmission of infection. A higher incidence of infection was recorded during January-May, the rainy season
Validity of vision screening by school nurses in seven regions of Oman
Authors: ekar R. Khand , Al Harby S. , Abdul Majeed T. , Helmi S. A. , Shuaili I. S.
Published: September 2021

We tested the validity of vision screening in schools in 7 regions of Oman in 2003. Two researchers tested 1719 randomly selected students in 4 school grades using the Snellen E acuity test. Trained school nurses had previously screened 182 233 students. The visual status recorded in the 2 screenings was compared. Sensitivity of screening by nurses was 68.34% [95% CI:67.30-69.38] and specificity 99.23% [95% CI:99.19-99.27]. The positive predictive value was 85.42% [95% CI:84.63-86.21] and negative predictive value was 97.93% [95% CI:97.87-98.00]. The sensitivity of the vision test was significantly higher in females, older students and in North Sharqiya region. In general, the vision screening of school students in Oman has satisfactory validity. Periodic training of nurses and supervision of the screening procedures could improve its sensitivity. Underlying causes of the high numbers of false negative cases should be further investigated
Low-dose quinine for treatment of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria in Sudanese pregnant women
Authors: Adam I. , Ibrahim M. H. , Aelbasit I. A. , El Bashir M. I.
Published: September 2021

Pregnant Sudanese women who presented at a hospital in eastern Sudan with chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria were randomly allocated to one of two quinine regimens:low-dose [10 mg/kg 2 times/day] [18 patients] or st and ard [10 mg/kg 3 times/day] [24 patients]. Treatment was for 7 days and follow-up for 28 days. Significantly fewer patients in the low-dose group reported vomiting and abdominal pain than the st and ard regimen group. Hypoglycaemia, preterm labour and recrudescence were slightly but not significantly higher in patients in the st and ard group than low-dose group. There were no significant differences between the groups in the mean time from admission to remission of fever and parasite clearance. We tentatively advocate the use of quinine 2 times/day to reduce side-effects and improve compliance
Impact of the national protocol for malaria treatment on prescribing patterns in Gezira state, Sudan
Authors: Ahmed M. E. , Yousif M. A.
Published: September 2021

A cross-sectional study to assess the impact of the national protocol for malaria treatment was conducted in a town in Gezira state, central Sudan, in 2001. Most of the 165 doctors and medical assistants interviewed [80.0%] had not been trained in the protocol and many [57.5%] were still using their own protocols. Analysis of 410 prescriptions showed chloroquine was the most common antimalarial drug used [69.5% of prescriptions]. Compared with a study before implementation of the protocol, more prescriptions met the protocol st and ards for correct chloroquine dose, whereas regimens for administration of intravenous quinine were still inadequate. The study showed a lack of continuous supervision, training and follow-up in the protocol guidelines and negative attitudes of hospital specialists towards the protocol
Antiphospholipid syndrome and retinal vein occlusion in adults
Authors: Maaroufi R. M. , Hamdi R. , Jmili N. , Ghorbal M. , Hamida Bel Hadj F. , Mahjoub T.
Published: September 2021

Antiphospholipid antibodies may play and important role in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular occlusions; investigated the prevalence among 33 patients with retinal vein and artery occlusions and 80 controls. Prevalence was 33% and 5% respectively. Ophthalmic examination and fluorescein angiography showed that occlusions were due to ischaemic events. The 11 patients were diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome:9 patients were treated successfully with laser photocoagulation and anticoagulant and anti-aggregant therapy. Two patients with antiphospholipid antibodies associated with resistance to activated protein C had unfavourable outcomes. Our results suggest a correlation between antiphospholipid syndrome and retinal vein occlusions; we recommend a systematic search for antiphospholipid antibodies in occlusions of unexplained origin and laser photocoagulation treatment and long-term oral anticoagulant and anti-aggregant therapy
SARS: the new challenge to international health and travel medicine
Authors: Venkatesh S. , Memish Z. A.
Published: September 2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS], the first severe new infectious disease of this millennium, caused widespread public disruption. By July 2003, 8427 probable SARS cases had been reported from 29 countries with a case fatality rate of 9.6%. The new febrile respiratory illness spread around the world along the routes of international air travel, with outbreaks concentrated in transportation hubs or densely populated areas. The etiologic agent was identified as a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV. The disease is transmissible person-to-person through direct contact, large droplet contact and indirect contact from fomites and unwashed h and s. Saudi Arabia successfully prevented the entry of the disease by imposing travel restrictions, special entry requirements, screening procedures at airports, including temperature checks, and quarantine. Ongoing efforts are aimed at developing case investigation, case management and surveillance protocols for SARS
Administrative Thought in Kurdish Folk Proverbs
Authors: Azeez Ranjdar Azad , Omer Soran Kakarash
Published: September 2021

This research aims to understand and find the relationship between administrative thoughts and theory and Kurdish popular traditional proverbs. This is a theoretical and applied research by comparing (32) Kurdish folk or saying examples with some classic (traditional) and modern theories of managerial thought. This includes two different sciences and fields of management and folk literature. The research is divided into three similar sections according to the title of the research, and its first chapter is devoted to administrative thought, schools and administrative theories, the second chapter: is devoted to the concept, specificity and attempts to collect Kurdish proverbs, and the third chapter is devoted to presenting administrative thought in terms of the fundamentals in the folkloric folk proverb in the Kurdish language. The research reached were reflected in the thought of the Kurds' older generations such grandfathers and grandmothers even though it was not applied in reality, because the Kurds, like other people, have an administrative thought that is perfect and mature, especially in the field of specialization, time, planning, leadership and supervision. Finally the study recommended to writers and researchers, one of the most important of which is that this field should be developed and further researched between administrative thought in all its divisions and branches, with all Kurdish proverbs on the one hand, and with all other topics of Kurdish literature such as poetry, prose, novel ... etc. on the other side.
Geographical Analysis of the Determinants of Spatial Expansion in the City of Kirkuk
Authors: Saleem Hiwa Sadiq , Ali Samah Samad
Published: September 2021

The city of Kirkuk found a large spatial expansion in line with its functional requirements. It was interrupted by determinants represented by the stress areas that clearly affected the city’s growth. Based on that, the research aims to classify the stress areas and identify axes and directions for their expansion, relying on an inductive approach.  Introduction, the first axis began to study the stress areas in terms of their concept, classification and characteristics, while the second axis was devoted to the school of urban development (population and urbanism) by dividing them into four morphological stages, while the third axis was devoted to studying and identifying patterns of stress areas and their impact on spatial expansion, and the research was concluded with a sentence of  Conclusions and recommendations.
Geographical Analysis of Entertainment Services in the City of Daratu Using Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
Authors: Abbas Hoshmand Jawhar , Hussein Sanger Ahmed , Mustafa Fatimah Qader
Published: September 2021

The impact of the recreational services that exist within the group of services that are practiced within the geographical framework of the city, is not limited to the lives of its residents and their activities, but also on the residents of the surrounding areas. Recreational services contribute to providing diversified investment opportunities for leisure time, so that they are appropriate and beneficial to the health, comfort and well-being of the population at the lowest possible cost, without the goal of their establishment being financial gain, as they lead to the creation of mental, psychological and physical balance on the level of one individual and on the basis of society in a way. In general, recreational services are an integral part of urban activities in most cities of the world. Rather, the concept of modernity and urbanization in contemporary urban centers is measured to some extent by the availability of recreational facilities for their inhabitants, and the study also showed the low level of efficiency of recreational services in terms of their spatial distribution and numbers. As it is concentrated in some neighborhoods of the city, while it is less or absent in other neighborhoods, as well as not taking into account the planning standards in its distribution and during its construction in line with the population increase, urban expansion and the residents' needs for these services. The success in providing these different types of recreational facilities depends on how they are distributed geographically. The balanced distribution of these activities determines the success of the adopted plans in achieving the required goals and policies.
Nostalgia in the Novel (ALWAN and AFSANE) by Mamosta Jaafar
Authors: Saleh Awara Kamal
Published: September 2021

Nostalgia for the past is a phenomenon that is present in most members of society, but its impact varies from one person to another, and nostalgia appears in humans in cases of distance and alienation from the homeland, in other words when a person is uprooted from his roots and spends his life in the diaspora, and here nostalgia for the past dominates his thinking and reflections . And nostalgia leaves a deep impact on the  author. That is why the book resorts to the world of writing to get rid of the pain of alienation. And back again to the world of childhood. With this hope, they can interrupt for a moment from the present time and return to the time of youth. Here, they can make a magical trip to the past in order to give their souls and themselves a moment of calm and stability. In this research, we have tried to embody the types of nostalgia in the novel (ALWAN and AFSANE).
Geographical Analysis of Ruralization Phenomenon in Rania City and Impact on Their Urban Enviroment
Authors: Hussein Bestun Ahmed
Published: September 2021

Ruralization of Urban areas is one of the most important topics of Urban Geography as it is one of the issues of urban areas and a major contributor to other urban issues; therefore, researchers need to look at this issue with caution. Ranya city has experienced this issue to a great extent mostly due to population growth and urban expansion. Ruralization has caused major issues such as infrastructure issues in terms of education, health, transportation and increased crime rates in different parts of the city.

This research addresses this issue and aims to investigate the causes and characteristics of ruralization in Ranya city. This effort will help the local government to look for solution to address this issue. This research has used descriptive and analytical methods.The research concludes that ruralization has caused some drastic consequences when it comes to providing and delivering different public and infrastructure services. The paper recommends to authorities that preparing a master plan for the city would be the ideal resolution for this issue and other issues in the city.
Study of Formulation of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Milk and Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas Poir) Crude Extract in The Making of Non-Dairy Ice Cream
Authors: Mayasari Eva , Meme Megawati , Priyono Suko
Published: September 2021

Soybean milk and purple sweet potato are used as the main ingredients in the making of non-dairy ice cream. This study aims to determine the best characteristics of non-dairy ice cream from the formulation of soybean milk and purple sweet potato crude extract. The research design used a completely randomized design with one-factor treatment and four replications and was analyzed statistically with the F test Analysis of Variance at 5% level. The treatment in this study was the formulation of soybean milk and purple sweet potato extract consisting of 60%:0%; 52%:8%; 44%:16%; 36%:24%; 28%:32% of the total ice cream dough. The parameters observed were fat content, protein content, total solids, overrun, melting time, and hedonic sensory evaluation (appearance, texture, taste, and odor). Based on the Indonesian National Standard for ice cream 01-3713-1995 qualified showed that the formulation of soybean milk and purple sweet potato extract crude extract 52%:8% was the best treatment with 9.83% fat content, 2.89% protein content, 34.15% total solids, 49.26% overrun, 13.12 minutes melting time, and hedonic scale for appearance 6.76 (like extremely), texture 5.32 (like), taste 5.58 (like very much), odor 5.56 (like very much). The formulation soybean milk and purple sweet potato crude extract are effects of physicochemical properties and sensory evaluation of non-dairy ice cream.
Does the International Community Have Efforts to Protect the Marine Environment from Seabed Mining?
Authors: Idris Idris , Rachmat Nugraha Taufik
Published: September 2021

Through the United Nations, the international community is seriously paying attention to the use of seabed areas as regulated by the Law of the Sea Convention 1982, which states that the area and its resources are the common heritage of humankind.  The 1994 Agreement has implemented chapter XI. The resources are relating to the state's interests in terms of energy exploration and environmental impact aspects. An increasing need for global electronic products by many countries in which of the components are rare minerals. Various minerals such as manganese, polymetallic nodules, and polymetallic sulphur are lying down in the seabed. However, seabed also had an essential role in keeping the marine ecosystem balanced. On the one hand, the human's need for those minerals also cannot be denied. Draft of regulations by the International Seabed Authority to manage deep-sea mining are still insufficient to prevent irrevocable damage to the marine ecosystem and loss of essentials species for the next. On the other hand, the spirit of Sustainable Development Goals 14 concerns life underwater. This paper examines deep-sea mining science from a legal perspective to protect and preserve seabed for the future generation using normative approach describing norms and principles in the Law of the Sea Convention 1982. As a result, the commercialisation of deep-sea mining violates the principle of the convention. Thus, it needs to encourage ISA to enhance the minimum requirements for all contracting parties in the future.
The Problematics of Management Personal Protection Equipment Waste related to Covid-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Muhjad Muhammad Hadin , Razy Fakhruddin , Hadin Ahmad Fikri
Published: September 2021

Medical Waste for Covid-19 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is classified as B3, which can potentially be a medium for spreading the virus. Therefore, management must be carried out, consisting of collection, sorting, transportation, temporary storage, to processing (destruction) based on the Circular of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number 2 of 2020 using the incinerator and problematic autoclave methods. The purpose of this study is to find out how the law regulates the management of Covid-19 PPE waste in Indonesia and how it should be. The research method used is normative legal research. The results showed that based on the Circular Letter of the Minister of LHK No. 2 of 2020, it is determined that the destruction of Covid-19 PPE waste as B3 waste must go through an incinerator facility with a minimum combustion temperature of 800⁰ C and an autoclave equipped with a shredder. This method is considered overkill and incurs high costs. The conclusion of this study is to provide input for the Government to review or revise the Circular regarding safer Covid-19 PPE B3 waste management, including through the pyrolysis method.