bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Update on Academic and Clinical Training in Cleft Palate/Craniofacial Anomalies for Speech-Language Pathology Students
Authors: Mills Brooke , Hardin-Jones Mary
Published: October 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to survey speech-language pathology master's programs regarding their academic and clinical coverage of cleft palate/craniofacial anomalies.

Method

A link to a 19-item survey was sent via e-mail to the program directors of 271 accredited graduate programs in speech-language pathology. Information was also obtained via university websites to verify survey responses.

Results

The response rate was 86% with 232 of 271 programs completing all or part of the survey. Twenty-four percent of respondents indicated their program offers a dedicated and required course in cleft palate/craniofacial anomalies, 22% offer an elective course, and 51% embed this content in other courses. Respondents reported that their students frequently (7%), sometimes (58%), or rarely (34%) receive clinical experience with this population.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that an increasing number of academic programs are eliminating dedicated coursework in cleft palate/craniofacial anomalies and are embedding such content in other courses. A legitimate concern resulting from this consolidation of coursework is the degree to which feeding, articulation, and resonance difficulties associated with cleft palate/craniofacial anomalies are being addressed elsewhere in the curriculum.
The 3HSP catalogue of extreme and high-synchrotron peaked blazars
Authors: Chang Y.-L. , Arsioli B. , Giommi P. , Padovani P. , Brandt C. H.
Published: October 2019

Aims. High-synchrotron peaked blazars (HSPs or HBLs) play a central role in very high-energy (VHE) γ-ray astronomy, and likely in neutrino astronomy. Currently, the largest compilation of HSP blazars, the 2WHSP sample, includes 1691 sources, but it is not complete in the radio or in the X-ray band. In order to provide a larger and more accurate set of HSP blazars that is useful for future statistical studies and to plan for VHE/TeV observations, we present the 3HSP catalogue, the largest sample of extreme and high-synchrotron peaked (EHSP; HSP) blazars and blazar candidates.

Methods. We implemented several ways to improve the size and the completeness of the 2WHSP catalogue and reduced the selection biases to be taken into consideration in population studies. By discarding the IR constraint and relaxing the radio–IR and IR–X-ray slope criteria, we were able to select more sources with νpeak close to the 1015 Hz threshold and objects where the host galaxy dominates the flux. The selection of extra sources now commences with a cross-matching between radio and X-ray surveys, applying a simple flux ratio cut. We also considered Fermi-LAT catalogues to find reasonable HSP-candidates that are detected in the γ-ray band but are not included in X-ray or radio source catalogues. The new method, and the use of newly available multi-frequency data, allowed us to add 395 sources to the sample, to remove 73 2WHSP sources that were previously flagged as uncertain and could not be confirmed as genuine HSP blazars, and to update parameters obtained by fitting the synchrotron component.

Results. The 3HSP catalogue includes 2013 sources, 88% of which with a redshift estimation, a much higher percentage than in any other list of HSP blazars. All new γ-ray detections are described in the First and Second Brazil ICRANet γ-ray blazar catalogues (1BIGB & 2BIGB) also taking into account the 4FGL list of γ-ray sources published by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) team. Moreover, the cross-matching between the 2WHSP, 2FHL HSP, and IceCube neutrino positions suggests that HSPs are likely counterparts of neutrino events, which implies the 3HSP catalogue is also useful in that respect. The 3HSP catalogue shows improved completeness compared to its predecessors, the 1WHSP and 2WHSP catalogues, and follows the track of their increasing relevance for VHE astronomy.
Link between E–B polarization modes and gas column density from interstellar dust emission
Authors: Bracco Andrea , Ghosh Tuhin , Boulanger François , Aumont Jonathan
Published: October 2019

Context. The analysis of the Planck polarization E and B mode power spectra of interstellar dust emission at 353 GHz recently raised new questions concerning the impact of Galactic foregrounds on the detection of the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and on the physical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM). In the diffuse ISM at high latitude a clear E–B asymmetry is observed that has twice as much power in E modes as in B modes; there is also a positive correlation between the total power, T, and both E and B modes, which is currently interpreted in terms of the link between the structure of interstellar matter and that of the Galactic magnetic field.

Aims. In this paper we aim to extend the Planck analysis of the high latitude sky to low Galactic latitudes, investigating the correlation between the T–E–B auto- and cross-correlation power spectra with the gas column density from the diffuse ISM to molecular clouds.

Methods. We divided the sky between Galactic latitudes |b| > 5° and |b| < 60° in 552 circular patches, with an area of ~400°2, and we studied the cross-correlations between the T–E–B power spectra and the column density of each patch using the latest release of the Planck polarization data.

Results. We find that the B-to-E power ratio (DlBB/DlEE) and the TE correlation ratio (rTE) depend on column density. While the former increases going from the diffuse ISM to molecular clouds in the Gould Belt, the latter decreases. This systematic variation must be related to actual changes in ISM properties. The data show significant scatter about this mean trend. The variations of DlBB/DlEE and rTE are observed to be anticorrelated for all column densities. In the diffuse ISM, the variance of these two ratios is consistent with a stochastic non-Gaussian model in which the values of DlBB/DlEE and rTE are fixed. We finally discuss the dependences of TB and EB with column density, which are however hampered by instrumental noise.

Conclusions. For the first time, this work shows significant variations of the T–E–B power spectra of dust polarized emission across a large portion of the Galaxy. Their dependence on multipole and gas column density is key for accurate forecasts of next generation CMB experiments and for constraining present models of ISM physics (i.e., dust properties and interstellar turbulence), which are considered responsible for the observed T–E–B signals.
Lithium in red giant stars: Constraining non-standard mixing with large surveys in the Gaia era
Authors: Charbonnel C. , Lagarde N. , Jasniewicz G. , North P. L. , Shetrone M. , Krugler Hollek J. , Smith V. V. , Smiljanic R. , Palacios A. , Ottoni G.
Published: October 2019

Context. Li is extensively known to be a good tracer of non-standard mixing processes occurring in stellar interiors.

Aims. We present the results of a new large Li survey in red giant stars and combine it with surveys from the literature to probe the impact of rotation-induced mixing and thermohaline double-diffusive instability along stellar evolution.

Methods. We determined the surface Li abundance for a sample of 829 giant stars with accurate Gaia parallaxes for a large sub-sample (810 stars) complemented with accurate HIPPARCOS parallaxes (19 stars). The spectra of our sample of northern and southern giant stars were obtained in three ground-based observatories (Observatoire de Haute-Provence, ESO-La Silla, and the Mc Donald Observatory). We determined the atmospheric parameters (Teff, log(g) and [Fe/H]), and the Li abundance. We used Gaia parallaxes and photometry to determine the luminosity of our objects and we estimated the mass and evolution status of each sample star with a maximum-likelihood technique using stellar evolution models computed with the STAREVOL code. We compared the observed Li behaviour with predictions from stellar models, including rotation and thermohaline mixing. The same approach was used for stars from selected Li surveys from the literature.

Results. Rotation-induced mixing accounts nicely for the Li behaviour in stars warmer than about 4200 K, independently of the mass domain. For stars with masses lower than 2 M⊙ thermohaline mixing leads to further Li depletion below the Teff of the RGB bump (about 4000 K), and on the early asymptotic giant branch, as observed. Depending on the definition we adopt, we find between 0.8 and 2.2% of Li-rich giants in our new sample.

Conclusions.Gaia puts a new spin on the understanding of mixing processes in stars, and our study confirms the importance of rotation-induced processes and of thermohaline mixing. However asteroseismology is required to definitively pinpoint the actual evolution status of Li-rich giants.
YBC: a stellar bolometric corrections database with variable extinction coefficients
Authors: Chen Yang , Girardi Léo , Fu Xiaoting , Bressan Alessandro , Aringer Bernhard , Dal Tio Piero , Pastorelli Giada , Marigo Paola , Costa Guglielmo , Zhang Xing
Published: October 2019

We present the YBC database of stellar bolometric corrections, in which we homogenise widely used theoretical stellar spectral libraries and provide BCs for many popular photometric systems, including Gaia filters. The database can easily be extended to additional photometric systems and stellar spectral libraries. The web interface allows users to transform their catalogue of theoretical stellar parameters into magnitudes and colours of selected filter sets. The BC tables can be downloaded or implemented into large simulation projects using the interpolation code provided with the database. We computed extinction coefficients on a star-by-star basis, hence taking into account the effects of spectral type and non-linearity dependency on the total extinction. We illustrate the use of these BCs in PARSEC isochrones. We show that using spectral-type dependent extinction coefficients is necessary for Gaia filters whenever AV ≳ 0.5 mag. Bolometric correction tables for rotating stars and tables of limb-darkening coefficients are also provided.
Spatial Dynamics Model for Land Carrying Capacity Prediction in Tangerang Selatan City
Authors: Lamonda Rizky , Supriatna  , Hernina Revi , Manessa Masita Dwi Mandini , Ristya Yoanna
Published: October 2019

Tangerang Selatan is a city with the highest economic and population growth in Banten Province which makes the built-up land have high and rapid growth so that it can reduce the land carrying capacity of the city. This causes the predictions on the land carrying capacity need to be done so that the status of land carrying capacity can be detected before declining. The aim of this study is to produce a spatial dynamics model of land carrying capacity in Tangerang Selatan City. This study uses population data of 2008-2018, Landsat 5 TM (2008) images, and Landsat 8 OLI images (2013 and 2018). The land carrying capacity is predicted from 2008-2100 using the system dynamics model method based on the relationship between land requirements based on population growth and land availability based on built-up land, which then converted to spatial to see the spatial distribution with spatial dynamics model method. Research shows that in 2026 the land carrying capacity in Tangerang Selatan City has reached 30% and in 2056 the land carrying capacity has been exhausted.
Evaluation in Conceptual Design of Human Powered Sand Sieving Machine
Authors: Kurnia Ganjar , Yulianto Benny , Jamari J. , Bayuseno A. P.
Published: October 2019

Sand sieving machine has the function to sieve sand and stone that mixed together. The sand and the stone cannot process further if they mix. Thus, this machine will help operator work which was doing sieve with no machine mechanism. With machine mechanism driven by human power will reduce the time to sieve. The objective of this paper is hopefully can make the best concept design in terms of production costs and production capacity. The stages of evaluation design begin with functional decomposition, concept making with morphology matrix and concept evaluations with feasibility judgment, go or no go screening and basic decision matrix. In evaluating the product, one or several of the best concepts are chosen to further developed into products, based on selection criteria. The results of this design obtained the best concept of sand sieving machine in terms of efficiency, energy, and flexibility. From this paper, it can be concluded that the design of this sand sieve will environmentally friendly and bring many benefits, is positive and very good to continued.
Design of Eco-Friendly Pen Made Of Coconut Shell Waste
Authors: Yulianto Benny , Kurnia Ganjar , Jamari J. , Bayuseno A. P.
Published: October 2019

Coconut is one type of versatile plant whose entire tree has many benefits for humans, from the roots, leaves, and fruit. Coconut shell is an endocarp of coconut fruit is a waste from coconut. Besides being used as a variety of household and handicrafts, it can also be used as a material for making pens. This study aims to determine the best design of coconut shell pens. The stages of product design as follows: identification of needs, problem analysis, project planning, product concept planning, product design, preparation of documents in the form of product images designed, and product manufacturing specifications. After product evaluation design has the highest score is obtained. So, the chosen concept will be further developed to become a pen that can compete in the market. The design result is a pen with circle-shaped aluminum body, dimensions 8 x 125 mm, using an ink tube with gel, removable front cover, end cover can be rotated and grip using a coconut shell.
Electro-Fenton for Industrial Wastewater Treatment: A Review
Authors: Marlina Elin , Purwanto
Published: October 2019

Electro-Fenton is part of electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) which have been widely used to treat various types of waste such as color, drugs, phenol compounds, leachate, surfactants, and others. This article focuses on the effects of various operating parameters and recent developments in the electro-Fenton process, and then their optimum ranges for maximum pollutant removal and various pollutants removed by this process is observed.
Drought Potential of Paddy Fields using Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index in Kuningan Regency
Authors: Putri Dian Nurhandayani , Taqyyudin  , Saraswati Ratna , Ash-Shidiq Iqbal Putut
Published: October 2019

Indonesia National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB) said that in 2002-2009 the drought was the second most frequent intensity after the flood disaster. Drought is a condition where a region experiences a lack of water. If this drought occurs in the agricultural area, it will certainly affect the plants that grow. One of the potential detection methods for drought can be using remote sensing. Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) is one method to detect drought potential with two parameters, vegetation index, and temperature. Through the triangle method, there is a relationship between the vegetation index and temperature represented by linear equations. These linear equations are used to calculate TVDI values. This study uses data Landsat 8 image and paddy fields. The objective of this research is how the distribution and the area of drought based on the TVDI algorithm. The TVDI with dry classes diffuse in the central and western parts, it is also the TVDI with the largest area about 155.82 km2 or 44% of the total. TVDI with wet classes can be seen in the western part of the region and the smallest area about 32.94 km2 or 9% of the total.
Analog Rice Made From Cassava Flour, Corn and Taro for Food Diversification
Authors: Pudjihastuti Isti , Sumardiono Siswo , Supriyo Edy , Kusumayanti Heny
Published: October 2019

Paddy rice and rice are the staple foods of the people in Asian region, especially Indonesia. This plant was developed from seeds, developing varieties, planting methods to cooking methods. Without changing preparation at the household level to get better results. Analog rice is one of the nutritious instant food products that has successfully developed. Analog rice is one solution that can be developed in overcoming the availability of food both in terms of the use and application of new food sources (food diversification). Analog rice is a processed product that uses non-rice ingredients or mixes with rice that resembles rice. Non-rice ingredients can use cereal or tubers or mix some ingredients. Analog rice is a substitute for rice in general by using plants that are widely grown in Indonesia, thereby reducing dependence on rice. The purpose of this study was to find the optimal mix composition of cassava flour, corn and taro to produce analog rice and to know the physicochemical properties of analog rice which could replace paddy rice. The results showed that the best analog rice had 128.4% water absorption, 12.51% water content, 71.94% carbohydrate, 8.5% protein, 1.1% fat and 14.09% amylose content included in low amylose rice.
Use of E-Money and Debit Cards in Student Consumption Behavior
Authors: Fatmasari Dewi , Waridin  , Kurnia Akhmad Syakir , amin Rizaldi
Published: October 2019

IAIN Sharia Banking Student Sheikh Nurjati consumes high students, but in conducting transactions students are less in utilizing electronic money and debit card facilities in daily activities so that the problem is how the e-money and e-money are used. the use of debit cards against student consumption expenses. This system of payment transactions using electronic money and debit cards will affect a person's behavior in spending or consumption behavior. This study aims to investigate the use of e-money and debit cards in consumption expenditures and how it affects the consumption expenditure. This research applied a quantitative method by using a questionnaire as an instrument to collect the data. Further, the data were then analyzed by applying multiple linear regression models. As result, it was revealed that partially using e-money in students’ consumption behavior had a negative and an insignificant influence, while using debit cards had a positive and significant influence on students’ consumption behavior. Thus, based on the F test results, it is proved that using e-money and debit cards together have a significant impact on students’ consumption behavior.
Environmental Factors and Prevalence of Hookworm infection and Strongyloidiasis in Rural East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Sedionoto Blego , Wasessombat Sueptrakool , Punsawad Chuchard , Anamnart Witthaya
Published: October 2019

The prevalence of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis is serious public health concern globally. In rural East Kalimantan, Indonesia has high-risk environmental factors of the prevalence of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis. In this study would show the infection rates, correlation analysis between environmental risk factors and prevalence of hookworm infection with statistical analysis. We performed a cross-sectional study among 213 participants from rural community of East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. In this study used two diagnostic methods: Kato Katz and Koga agar plate culture/KAP culture for diagnosing of hookworm and Strongyloides infections. Chi-square analysis was used for study correlation between environmental factors and hookworm infection. Hookworm, strongyloides, and ascaris infections were found in this study; 44.1%, 16.4%, and 7.5% respectively. Environmental risk factors such as; rainy season, quality of soil and infection hookworm and strongyloides in pet have significant correlation (p-value < 0.05) with hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis. The prevalence of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis has correlation with environmental factors, and the finding in this research could be contributed to decreasing program of hookworm infection and strongyloidiasis especially in rural community area.
Utilization of Fish Waste Processing as Compost Raw Material in Tambak Lorok Market
Authors: Kusuma Ilga Mega , Syafrudin  , Yulianto Bambang
Published: October 2019

Fish waste needs to be a concern because the accumulation of fish waste will have environmental pollution. Therefore, research needs to be done to reduce the impact of environmental pollution. This study aims to treat fish waste which will be used as raw material for compost which is one of the efforts to reduce the accumulation caused by fish waste. The method used is survey, observation, and literature study. The composting process uses fish waste as a starter in the composting process. Before starting the composting is to separate fish waste from other wastes to facilitate the composting process. During composting the temperature conditions are maintained by reversing compost and color and odor changes are observed. The results showed that the levels of C-Organic; 51.7%, Nitrogen; 8.3%, Phosphor; 4.8%, and Potassium; 1.6%. From the results of C-Organic, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium tests, the levels were quite high compared to the quality of SNI compost, so compost from fish waste where the Tambak Lorok Market can be used as fertilizer.
The Effect Of Green Marketing Of Plastic Bag Ban Policy In Modern Retail Stores On Consumer Green Behavior In Bogor City
Authors: Nurulhaq Harfin , Kismartini
Published: October 2019

The plastic bag ban policy in every modern retail store is a policy made by the Bogor City Government to reduce plastic waste and encourage an environmentally friendly lifestyle. This policy is stipulated in the Bogor Mayoral Regulation Number 61 of 2018. The policy marketing can be carried out by green marketing process. This study aimed to identify the public response regarding the use of their shopping bags, to identify consumer perception of the plastic bag ban policy, and to identify the effect of green marketing of plastic bag ban policy on green behavior in Bogor City. Primary data was obtained through questionnaire and secondary data were obtained from the archive of Bogor Industry and Trade Department. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and structural equation models. The results indicated that after the policy was implemented, more consumers were willing to reduce the use of plastic bags and bring their shopping bags. The green marketing process which had a significant effect on green behavior was to know your customer, empowering the customer and reassure the buyer.
Testing of Solar Power Plant Components Off-Grid Systems and Engineering Economic Analysis at Cemara Island, Brebes Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Windarta Jaka , Pratama Ardhito , Denis  , Nugroho Agung
Published: October 2019

Indonesia is a country that is geographically located right in the equator and variously advantage and the wide for the use of solar energy. Indonesia has a relatively high radiation level, which is 4.80 kWh / m2 / day. Cemara Island is a tourist place but does not have electricity from PLN because access to its location is still difficult to reach. So from that chosen the planning system for the use of electrical energy using solar energy. However, economic analysis is needed so that the estimated weaknesses of the off-grid solar system can be estimated so as to reduce the risk of losses. The testing of each component in the Solar Power Plant system also needs to be done to determine the condition and quality of the components to be used. The economic analysis of the Cemara Island Solar Power Plant System with an initial investment of Rp 52,553,000, in scenario 1 uses interest at 6%, then in scenario 2 without using interest. Through calculations by looking for the value of COE (Energy Cost), NPC (Net Present Cost) and BEP (Break-Even Point), so that costs can be calculated by the manager with the number of 11 managers per month.
Plasma gasification modeling of municipal solid waste from Jatibarang Landfill in Semarang, Indonesia: analyzing its performance parameters for energy potential
Authors: Adi Sesotyo Priyo , Nur Muhammad , Endro Suseno Jatmiko
Published: October 2019

The plasma gasification offers more benefits compared to the conventional gasification. Those benefits include the better environmental issue such as lower emission, variated feedstock and higher energy recovery, including hydrogen and waste heat. Waste to energy technology is developed as a means of waste management to obtain new and renewable energy, due to the increasingly amount of waste produced by the growing population. The feedstock use is municipal solid waste (MSW) from TPA Jatibarang in Semarang City, Central Java. Along with population growth, energy supply becoming a very crucial issue in the near future. Converting the waste to energy would overcome the two crucial issues at once. With high temperature, the plasma gas decompose the feedstock into its constituent element and within thermochemical equilibrium stoichiometry, the syngas was formed. This model was developed based on plasma arc technology and able to estimate the syngas composition, energy required for the reaction and also the CO2 emission. This study is to obtain the crucial parameter which was involved to get the highest of hydrogen, highest syngas yield, highest efficiencies along with lowest its emission. Results shows that, the use of 100% steam as gasifying agent and steam to waste ratio (SWR) of 34,48%, can produce 48,33% of H2, Syngas Yield is 9,26 Nm3/kg, Cold Gasification Efficiency is 58.60% and its emission is 0.864 kg/hr.
Consumer Customs Analysis Using the Association Rule and Apriori Algorithm for Determining Sales Strategies in Retail Central
Authors: Mujianto Ahmad Heru , Mashuri Chamdan , Andriani Anita , Jayanti Febriana Dwi
Published: October 2019

The sustainability of a company will not be separated from the role of consumers in conducting transactions. In fact, a consumer has different behaviour and character, therefore as a company owner must be able to analyze the patterns or habits of consumers in making transactions. This also happens in the retail center X, which has problems in the sales process, such as products running out of stock and unsold products and the most popular products and products that are not in demand by consumers. Therefore we need an analysis of consumer habits in conducting transactions. The method of association rule with Apriori algorithm is able to be applied well in the analysis of the habits of consumer transactions in the central retail X. The results of the calculation obtained an average percentage of the value of support 33%-40% and the value of confidence 43%-80%. The results of applying the association rule method with Apriori algorithm can help recommend central retail X owners in structuring product and determine strategic steps in increasing sales, such as providing discounts or promos for certain products.
Decision Support Systems Selection of Soang Superior Brood Using Weighted Product (WP) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method
Authors: Ramadiani  , Kurniawan Reynaldi , Kridalaksana Awang Harsa , Jundillah Muhammad Labib
Published: October 2019

Gurame Soang Latin name Osphronomus Labirynthici gouramy including fish, that as the fish have gills and breathing apparatus in the form of additional gills (Labyrinth). One important factor in fish farming Soang Gurame is holding elections. Superior brood has characteristics identical, to distinguish it needs to experience since it is quite difficult. Some of the assessment factors in selecting a superior brood that could be considered in the cultivation of the fish farmers Gurame Soang as ideal weight, physical disability, movement of fish, the shape of the head, and the body color. All of these factors combined to get an assessment that could help the decision making process fish Gurame Soang superior sires. This study used two methods that have selected the calculation accuracy of the decision-making process. The method used is the Weighted Product and Simple Additive weighting. The results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded the total number of alternative Gurame Soang superior sires data as many as 10 fish, and obtained the results of testing the level of accuracy by using the results of data from a breeder Gurame Soang superior sires, Method of Weighted Product got an accuracy of 80% and methods Simple Additive weighting got an accuracy of 60%.
Weighted Product Method for Selection of Superior Seeds Catfish in the Clarias Gariepinus Types (Sangkuriang)
Authors: Maharani Septya , Persyadha Swadika Ibnu , Cahyadi Dedy , Mufadhol Mufadhol
Published: October 2019

Sangkuriang catfish is a famous clarias clan fish form his slick and long body non-scaly, with dorsal fins and a long rear fin, which sometimes merges into the tail fin makes it look like a short eel. Catfish also have additional breathing apparatus in the form of modifications from gill arc. There is a pair of fins that are spines bone that is sharp, on the pectoral fin. Some things to consider in order to select superior seedlings of sangkuriang catfish such as size, weight, color, physical defect, even water conditions, which in reality not all catfish farmers know about it. This decision support system using the Weighted Product (WP) method is one of the methods that use the true value in determining the rating of each alternative on each criterion to determine the conclusion of a problem. Based on the results of testing the Selection Decision Support System of the Superior Broodstock Sangkuriang Catfish has an accuracy rate of 87.5%.
Ant Colony Algorithm for Determining Dynamic Travel Routes Based on Traffic Information from Twitter
Authors: Subowo Edy , Sediyono Eko , Farikhin
Published: October 2019

Combining the search method for fire suppression routes with ant colony algorithms and methods of analyzing twitter events on the highway is the basis of the problems to be studied. The results of the twitter data feature extraction are classified with Support Vector Machine after it is implemented in the Simple Additive Weighting method in calculating path weights with criteria of distance, congestion, multiple branching, and many holes. Line weights are also used as initial pheromone values. The C-means method is used to group the weights of each path and distance so that the path with the lowest weight and the shortest distance that will be simulated using the Ant Colony. The validation results with cross fold on SVM with linear kernels produce the greatest accuracy value is 97.93% for training data distribution: test data 6: 4. The simulation of the selection of the damkar car path from Feather to Pleburan with Ant Colony obtained 50 seconds of computation time, whereas with Ant Colony with Clustering the computation time was 15, resulting in a reduction in computing of 35. Ant colony with MinMax optimization gives the best computation time of 14.47 seconds with 100 iterations and 10 nodes.
Hybrid Particle Swarm and Conjugate Gradient Optimization in Neural Network for Prediction of Suspended Particulate Matter
Authors: Warsito Budi , Prahutama Alan , Yasin Hasbi , Sumiyati Sri
Published: October 2019

The scope of this research is the use of artificial neural network models and meta-heuristic optimization of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for the prediction of ambient air pollution parameter data at air quality monitoring stations in the city of Semarang, Central Java. The observed parameter is an indicator of ambient air quality, Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM). Based on air quality parameter data in previous times which is a time series data, modeling is done using Neural Networks (NN). Estimation of weights from NN is done using a hybrid method between meta-heuristic and gradient optimization. The meta-heuristic optimization method used is Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) while the gradient based method is the Conjugate Gradient. Optimization with PSO is done first, then proceed with optimization using the Conjugate Gradient. Four scenarios of iteration selection at the PSO stage are 10, 25, 50 and 100. At the Conjugate Gradient, stage iteration is carried out up to 1000 epohs. The predicted results were compared with the PSOs and Conjugate Gradient respectively. The results show that the hybrid method provides better predictions. The number of iterations needed at the PSO stage is not too much so it is efficient in combining the two methods.
Using neural networks to predict the outcome of refractive surgery for myopia
Authors: Balidis Miltos , Papadopoulou Ioanna , Malandris Dimitris , Zachariadis Zachos , Sakellaris Dimitrios , Vakalis Thanos , Asteriadis Solon , Tranos Paris , Loukovitis Eleftherios , Poulos Marios , Gatzioufas Zisis , Anogeianakis George
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Refractive Surgery (RS), has advanced immensely in the last decades, utilizing methods and techniques that fulfill stringent criteria for safety, efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and predictability of the refractive outcome. Still, a non-negligible percentage of RS require corrective retreatment. In addition, surgeons should be able to advise their patients, beforehand, as to the probability that corrective RS will be necessary. The present article addresses these issues with regard to myopia and explores the use of Neural Networks as a solution to the problem of the prediction of the RS outcome.

Methods: We used a computerized query to select patients who underwent RS with any of the available surgical techniques (PRK, LASEK, Epi-LASIK, LASIK) between January 2010 and July 2017 and we investigated 13 factors which are related to RS. The data were normalized by forcing the weights used in the forward and backward propagations to be binary; each integer was represented by a 12-bit serial code, so that following this preprocessing stage, the vector of the data values of all 13 parameters was encoded in a binary vector of 1 × (13 × 12) = 1 × 156 size. Following the preprocessing stage, eight independent Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) networks were created in random way using the function Ivqnet of Matlab, each one of them responding to one query with (0 retreat class) or (1 correct class). The results of the eight LVQs were then averaged to permit a best estimate of the network’s performance while a voting procedure by the neural nets was used to arrive at the outcome

Results: Our algorithm was able to predict in a statistically significant way (as evidenced by Cohen’s Kappa test result of 0.7595) the need for retreatment after initial RS with good sensitivity (0.8756) and specificity (0.9286).

Conclusion: The results permit us to be optimistic about the future of using neural networks for the prediction of the outcome and, eventually, the planning of RS.
Performance Analysis of the Sliding Mode Control for Automated Vehicle Path Tracking at Low Adhesion Surfaces
Authors: Kulikov Ilya , Ulchenko Ivan
Published: October 2019

The article analyses prospects of using a type of robust controllers called relay regulators for automation of vehicle lateral motion. The operation of these regulators in so-called sliding modes is considered along with the “chattering” problem caused by deviations from the “ideal” sliding mode inevitable in actual implementations. For the analysis of vehicle motion, a mathematical model was elaborated, which calculates vehicle dynamics taking into account non-linear tire-road adhesion characteristics. In the conducted study, emphasis was put on low adhesion surfaces, which can be considered as the most difficult case for automatic lateral control of a vehicle. In order to implement automated path tracking within the model, two relay regulators were elaborated differing from one another in the order of dynamics. A comparative study of these regulators was conducted by means of simulations. The regulator that had shown best performance was then tested for robustness by means of modeling, in which maneuvers on snow, ice and a mixed surface were simulated.
Real-time indices focus on slag flowability and coke strength for blast furnace operation
Authors: Shiau Jia-Shyan
Published: October 2019

It was well known that abnormal burden quality has a significant impact on the blast furnace (BF) permeability resulting in bad slag flowability and HM tapping, and the coke fines inside BF become much finer to reduce HM production and BF life when the coke strength is weak. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the real-time operation indices of the slag flowability and coke strength after reaction (CSR) in a lower part of BF. BF slag flowability was determined with liquidus temperature and viscosity from measured semi-synthetic slags (SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO-TiO2), and the effects of MgO content, Al2O3 content and CaO/SiO2 on slag flowability are investigated according to the model equations derived from above measured data by using multiple-regression method. A real-time index combined with viscosity and liquidus temperature has been also designed to indicate appropriate slag flowability. In addition, a coke sampler was used to collect the coke samples at tuyere level to analyze the strength of BF bosh coke at various HM productivities. CSR quantitative target and its online index were obtained from the data of sampling coke properties, BF operation conditions and BF permeability to provide real-time reference for coke and HM production.
Prevalence of ‘one and done’ in adenoma detection rates: results from the New Hampshire Colonoscopy Registry
Authors: Fedewa Stacey A. , Anderson Joseph C. , Robinson Christina M. , Weiss Julie E. , Smith Robert A. , Siegel Rebecca L. , Jemal Ahmedin , Butterly Lynn F.
Published: October 2019

Background and study aims Adenoma detection rate (ADR), the proportion of an endoscopist’s screening colonoscopies in which at least one adenoma is found, is an established quality metric. Several publications have suggested that a technique referred to as “one and done,” where less attention is paid to additional polyp detection following discovery of one likely adenoma, may be occurring 1
2
3. To investigate whether this practice occurs and provide additional context to the significance of ADR, we examined ADR by single and multiple adenomas in the statewide New Hampshire Colonoscopy Registry (NHCR).

Patients and methods A total of 25,324 NHCR patients receiving screening colonoscopies between 2009 and 2014 by 69 endoscopists were analyzed. ADR was dichotomized into high (≥ 20 %) and low (< 20 %) based on 2006 recommended targets in place during the time of the study. ADR-plus (the average number of adenomas in colonoscopies with > 1 adenoma) was dichotomized at mean values into high (≥ 1.5) and low (< 1.5). As suggested by others, a high ADR but low ADR-plus was used to indicate the “one and done” approach.

Results Among endoscopists with an ADR ≥ 20 %, only 5 (7.2 %) had low ADR-plus values and were classified as “one and done.” Results for serrated polyp detection were similar. ADR and ADR-plus decreased monotonically with increasing years since residency (P values for trend ADR = 0.02; ADR-plus = 0.003) after adjusting for patient risk factors.

Conclusion “One and done” infrequently occurred among endoscopists with high ADR in a large statewide registry. The need to replace ADR with other polyp detection metrics (such as ADR-plus) to accurately ascertain performance quality is not supported by these findings.
Reprogramming Nonribosomal Peptide Synthesis by Surgical Mutation
Authors: Niquille David L. , Hansen Douglas A. , Hilvert Donald
Published: October 2019

Nonribosomal peptide synthetases produce highly modified bioactive peptides, many of which are used therapeutically. As such, they have been the target of intense protein engineering to enable biosynthetic access to peptide variants with improved drug properties or altered bioactivities. In this account, we describe our ongoing efforts to reprogram nonribosomal peptide synthesis by surgical mutation. In contrast to ribosomal biosynthesis, nonribosomal peptide synthesis has proven difficult to engineer, arguably due to a lack of suitable tools. To address this limitation, we have established a high-throughput assay that provides unprecedented control over the gatekeeper adenylation domains responsible for building block selection and incorporation. Expansion of this strategy to other building blocks and domains promises to make it a powerful evolutionary platform for tailoring assembly lines for custom synthesis of peptide therapeutics.

1. Nonribosomal Peptides

2. Reprogramming A Domains for Clickable Amino Acids

3 A High-Throughput A Domain Assay

4 Reprogramming A Domains for β-Amino Acids

5 Downstream Processing

6 Conclusions and Outlook
Stoichiometric and Catalytic (η
5-Cyclopentadienyl)cobalt-Mediated Cycloisomerizations of Ene-Yne-Ene Type Allyl Propargyl Ethers
Authors: Chang Chu-An , Gürtzgen Stefan , Johnson Erik P. , Vollhardt K. Peter C.
Published: October 2019

The complexes CpCoL2 (Cp = C5H5; L = CO or CH2=CH2) mediate the cycloisomerizations of α,δ,ω-enynenes containing allylic ether linkages to 3-(oxacyclopentyl or cycloalkyl)furans via the intermediacy of isolable CpCo-η
4-dienes. A suggested mechanism comprises initial complexation of the triple bond and one of the double bonds, then oxidative coupling to a cobalt-2-cyclopentene, terminal double bond insertion to assemble a cobalta-4-cycloheptene, β-hydride elimination, and reductive elimination to furnish a CpCo-η
4-diene. When possible, the cascade continues through cobalt-mediated hydride shifts and dissociation of the aromatic furan ring. The outcome of a deuterium labeling experiment supports this hypothesis. The reaction exhibits variable stereoselectivity with a preference for the trans-product (or, when arrested, its syn-Me CpCo-η
4-diene precursor), but is completely regioselective in cases in which the two alkyne substituents are differentiated electronically by the presence or absence of an embedded oxygen. Regioselectivity is also attained by steric discrimination or blocking one of the two possible β-hydride elimination pathways. When furan formation is obviated by such regiocontrol, the sequence terminates in a stable CpCo-η
4-diene complex. The conversion of the cyclohexane-fused substrate methylidene-2-[5-(2-propenyloxy)-3-pentynyl]cyclohexane into mainly 1-[(1R*,3aS*,7aS*)-7a-methyloctahydroinden-1-yl]-1-ethanone demonstrates the potential utility of the method in complex synthesis.
Frequency-Following Response with Speech Stimulus: Comparison between Two Methods of Stimulation
Authors: Sanguebuche Taissane Rodrigues , Silva Luize Caroline Lima da , Peixe Bruna Pias , Silva Débora Durigon da , Garcia Michele Vargas
Published: October 2019

Introduction Frequency-following response with speech stimulus (FFR-speech) is a subcortical potential that satisfactorily evaluates the processing of verbal information. However, there still are differences in the literature regarding its analysis and stimulation protocol.

Objective To compare two stimulation protocols for the capture of FFR-speech, to identify the percentage of occurrence of the waves among them and to compare it with the specialized literature, as well as to describe the interpeaks of its waves.

Method Considering the eligibility criteria, the sample consisted of 30 normal-hearing adults, with no complaints of speech comprehension. All of them were submitted to a basic audiological evaluation, to brainstem auditory evoked potential with click stimulus, and to FFR-speech. In the latter, 2 types of stimulation were performed, 3 series of 1,000 sweeps, and 2 series of 3,000 sweeps, for subsequent analysis of the resulting wave, in which we tried to mark the peak V followed by valleys A, C, D, E, F, and O.

Results Differences in latency and interpeaks were not found between the protocols. In general, a higher occurrence of waves in the stimulation of 2 series of 3,000 sweeps was observed, but only the A valley presented a significant difference. When the values of the waves were compared with the literature, the V and A waves showed fewer occurrences in the present study.

Conclusion The protocol of 2 series of 3,000 sweeps was better for FFR-speech in the studied equipment, considering the higher occurrence of waves, even though it is inferior to the specialized literature. Furthermore, it was possible to describe interpeak values and to observe no difference between the studied protocols
Incidence of Stent Thrombosis after Endovascular Treatment of Iliofemoral or Caval Veins in Patients with the Postthrombotic Syndrome
Authors: Sebastian Tim , Spirk David , Engelberger Rolf P. , Dopheide Jörn F. , Baumann Frederic A. , Barco Stefano , Spescha Rebecca , Leeger Claudia , Kucher Nils
Published: October 2019

Background Patients with postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) treated with stents are at risk of stent thrombosis (ST). The incidence of ST in the presence and absence of anticoagulation therapy (AT) is unknown. Risk factors are not well understood.

Patients and Methods From the prospective Swiss Venous Stent registry, we conducted a subgroup analysis of 136 consecutive patients with PTS. Incidence of ST was estimated from duplex ultrasound or venography, and reported for the time on and off AT. Baseline, procedural, and follow-up data were evaluated to identify factors associated with ST.

Results Median follow-up was 20 (interquartile range [IQR] 9–40) months. AT was stopped in 43 (32%) patients after 12 (IQR 6–14) months. Cumulative incidence of ST was 13.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.8–19.6%) and 21.2% (95% CI 13.2–29.2%) during the first 6 and 36 months, respectively. The time-adjusted incidence rate was 11.2 (95% CI 7.7–16.2) events per 100 patient-years, 11.3 (95% CI 7.3–17.3) for the period on, and 11.2 (95% CI 5.3–23.6) for the period off AT. May–Thurner syndrome (MTS) was associated with decreased incidence of ST (hazard ratio [HR] 0.37, 95% CI 0.15–0.91), whereas age < 40 years (HR 2.26, 95% CI 1.03–4.94), stents below the common femoral vein (HR 3.03, 95% CI 1.28–7.19), and postthrombotic inflow veins (HR 2.92, 95% CI 1.36–6.25) were associated with increased incidence.

Conclusion The 6-month incidence of ST was considerably high. Beyond 6 months, consecutive annual incidence rates persisted at 4.1 and 3.4% per year thereafter. Patients with higher incidence of ST were younger, had stents below the common femoral vein, postthrombotic leg inflow veins, and less often MTS. Incidence rates for the period on and off AT must be interpreted with caution.

Clinical Trial Registration The study is registered on the National Institutes of Health Web site (ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier NCT02433054).
Acute Pulmonary Exacerbations in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Goss Christopher H.
Published: October 2019

With the improving survival of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and the advent of highly effective cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator therapy, the clinical spectrum of this complex multisystem disease continues to evolve. One of the most important clinical events for patients with CF in the course of this disease is an acute pulmonary exacerbation. Clinical and microbial epidemiology studies of CF pulmonary exacerbations continue to provide important insight into the disease course, prognosis, and complications. This work has now led to a number of large scale clinical trials with the goal of improving the treatment paradigm for CF pulmonary exacerbation. The primary goal of this review is to provide a summary of the pathophysiology, the clinical epidemiology, microbial epidemiology, outcome and the treatment of CF pulmonary exacerbation.