bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Salinity on the Removal of Ni and Zn by Sorption onto Iron Oxide- and Manganese Oxide-Coated Sand
Authors: Choi Jiyeon , Septian Ardie , Shin Won Sik
Published: July 2020

The influence of salinity on the single and binary sorption of Ni and Zn onto iron oxide- and manganese oxide-coated sand (IOCS and MOCS) was investigated at pH = 5. The single sorption experimental data were fitted to Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Sips models, and a nonlinear sorption isotherm was observed (NF = 0.309–0.567). The higher Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area (ABET) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of MOCS contributed to the higher maximum sorption capacities (qmL) of Ni and Zn than that of IOCS. The Ni sorption capacities in the single sorption were higher than that in the binary sorption, while the Zn sorption capacities in the single sorption were less than that in the binary sorption. The single and binary sorptions onto both IOCS and MOCS were affected by the salinity, as indicated by the decrease in sorption capacities. Satisfactory predictions were shown by the binary sorption model fitting including P-factor, ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST)–Freundlich, IAST–Langmuir, and IAST–Sips; among these, the P-factor model showed the best fitting results in predicting the influence of salinity of Ni and Zn in the binary sorption system onto IOCS and MOCS. IOCS and MOCS offer a sustainable reactive media in a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for removing Ni and Zn in the presence of salinity.
Analyzing the Attitudes of Spanish Firms towards Brexit’s Effects on the Management of European Fisheries
Authors: Amigo-Dobaño Lucy , Garza-Gil María Dolores , Varela-Lafuente Manuel M.
Published: July 2020

The United Kingdom has played a prominent role in the Common Fisheries Policy—by contributing to fisheries activities and also by participating in the design of the fisheries policy. Brexit is certain to have significant repercussions for European fisheries activities and their management. This study analyses the views held by companies linked to the fisheries sector in Galicia (fishing, wholesale trade, canned fish, aquaculture, and fish processing), one of the European regions most affected by Brexit given that more than 80% of the Spanish fishing fleet working on UK waters is located in this region. We adopt a quantitative methodology based on the Pearson’s chi-squared test, the likelihood ratio, and the Fisher’s exact test for analyzing opinions about various topics. Results indicate that companies engaged in marine fisheries or trade in fishing goods hold a mostly negative view of Brexit’s effects. In total, 30% of those surveyed anticipate that Brexit will have negative consequences for EU workers in UK fishery companies; a slightly higher percentage of these respondents expect the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU to depress Spain’s foreign trade; over half of those surveyed perceived Brexit as resulting in the adverse scenario of reduced access to fisheries’ resources and were in favor of reformulating the current system of total allowable catches (TACs) and quotas among the remaining post-Brexit member states. Most respondents also agreed that Brexit will have negative repercussions on vessels of the Galician fleet operating under the British flag. Our statistical analysis identifies a significant relationship between negative attitudes and the firm’s size for fisheries’ sectors as a whole; however, no relation between those attitudes and firm size or turnover is identified when the particular fishing companies’ perceptions are evaluated.
Performance Gap and Occupant Behavior in Building Retrofit: Focus on Dynamics of Change and Continuity in the Practice of Indoor Heating
Authors: Salvia Giuseppe , Morello Eugenio , Rotondo Federica , Sangalli Andrea , Causone Francesco , Erba Silvia , Pagliano Lorenzo
Published: July 2020

Building retrofit is often reported to fail in achieving predicted energy savings; this mismatch in post-retrofit conditions is labeled the ‘energy performance gap’ and may be due to both occupant behavior and technical issues. In this study, the occupant is investigated through a case study of a recently retrofitted public housing in Milan inhabited by 500+ tenants. Informed by social practice theory and interviews to households, concurrent and interdependent elements in heating space are identified—including factors of comfort, competences involved and other interconnected practices. Patterns of continuity and change in setting thermal conditions in this retrofitted building emerge. In this respect, key dynamics of the occupants are related to rooted habits in managing heating, social norms of thermal comfort, mastered skills in dealing with technical devices and infrastructure and ways of organizing other routines such as laundry and forms of entertainment when services are limitedly accessible. The results inform plans for energy efficiency through building retrofit in which the integration of the social dimension and practices may contribute to maximizing the impact of the intervention and to limiting energy performance gap.
Activity-Based Demand Modeling for a Future Urban District
Authors: Delhoum Younes , Belaroussi Rachid , Dupin Francis , Zargayouna Mahdi
Published: July 2020

Identifying the spatio-temporal patterns of people activities in urban areas is key to effective urban planning; it can be used in real-estate projects to predict their future impacts on behavior in surrounding accessible areas. LaVallée is a large construction project recently started in Paris’s suburb; it is a new district due in 2024. The paper is in the field of urban planning, aiming at developing a method making it possible to model the potential visits of the various equipment and public spaces of the district, by mobilizing data from census at the departmental level, and the layout of shops and activities as defined by the real-estate project. This model takes into account the flow of external visitors, estimated realistically based on the pre-project movements in the areas of influence of LaVallée. In this paper, we propose an activity-based model methodology to determine trips and their purpose at a mesoscopic scale including the city and surrounding areas, in the current baseline scenario. This travel demand is required to estimate potential external visitors of the future district. A first demonstration shows that the model correctly represents the current demands and allows the forecast of future demand in the area.
Effective Placement Methods of Vermicompost Application in Urban Tree Species: Implications for Sustainable Urban Afforestation
Authors: Dao Huong Thi Thuy , Seo Jeong Min , Hernandez Jonathan O. , Han Si Ho , Youn Woo Bin , An Ji Young , Park Byung Bae
Published: July 2020

Knowledge on growth and nutrient uptake characteristics of urban trees and effective strategies to grow trees can help accomplish the goal of urban afforestation initiatives in a sustainable way. Thus, the study investigated the effects of different vermicompost (VC) application placements on the growth and nutrient uptake of three contrasting tree species (fast-growing Betula platyphylla and Larix kaempferi and slow-growing Chamaecyparis obtusa) to provide implications for growing tree stocks for sustainable urban afforestation programs. Five placement methods were used in the greenhouse trial: no fertilization (CON), surface placement (VCs), subsurface placement at 6-cm depth (VCc), bottom placement (35-cm depth (VCb)), and mixed with soil (VCm). We measured the growth parameters such as height, root collar diameter (RCD), and biomass and analyzed foliar nutrient concentrations in response to different placement treatments of VC. Relative height growth was the highest at VCc (132% (B. platyphylla), 114% (L. kaempferi)) and VCs ((57%) C. obtusa). Significant improvement in aboveground and belowground biomass growth of all species at VCs and VCc compared to the other treatments was also observed. Generally, VC treatments significantly increased N concentration compared to CON in all species. In conclusion, fertilizing the fast- and slow-growing urban tree species using VCs and/or VCc is relevant to growing high quality planting stocks for sustainable urban afforestation purposes.
The Utilization of Crop Residues as Forest Protection: Predicting the Production of Wheat and Rapeseed Residues
Authors: Hýsková Petra , Hýsek Štěpán , Jarský Vilém
Published: July 2020

Deforestation is a global threat in the form of the reduction of all of the ecosystem services provided to humans by forest ecosystems. For this reason, this article deals with the protection of forest ecosystem services by searching for a substitute for wood biomass. In recent years, the post-harvest residues of agricultural crops have been used mainly for energy and material uses. If this raw material is to be used industrially in the long term, we must have an idea of its future production. In most studies, predictions of future post-harvest residue productions are resolved in terms of the availability for energy sectors. This paper deals with the total amount of produced post-harvest residues that can be taken from the field; the post-harvest residue production for selected sectors is not subtracted from the overall prediction. Post-harvest residue production was estimated using the residue to product ratio (RPR), wherein the RPR coefficient was calculated for the monitored crops in each year, and the post-harvest residue production was subsequently calculated in each year according to the conversion rate characteristic for each year. The production of two widespread agricultural crops—wheat and rapeseed—was predicted. Linear regression models were used for the estimations. Based on these models, we predict the production of 58.3 million tonnes of post-harvest wheat residues and 22.4 million tonnes of post-harvest rapeseed residues in 2030 in the European Union. In the Czech Republic, we predict the production of 1.8 million tonnes of post-harvest wheat residues and 1.3 million tonnes of post-harvest rapeseed residues. The presented results can be used as the basis for further considerations of the material use of post-harvest residues and for the substitution of wood with these residues.
Corporate Social Responsibility and Employees’ Affective Commitment: A Moderated Mediation Study
Authors: Bouraoui Khadija , Bensemmane Sonia , Ohana Marc
Published: July 2020

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has mainly been studied at a macro level through its impact on the financial performance of the company. However, individuals’ perceptions of CSR influence various attitudes and behaviors at work, including employees’ affective commitment. Whereas the relationship between perceptions of CSR and employees’ affective commitment has already been shown in the literature, less is known about its underlying mechanisms. This research seeks to specifically explain this relationship in order to understand how perceptions of CSR influence individuals’ affective commitment at work. We present two studies (Study 1, N = 181; Study 2, N = 145) to test a theoretical model that introduces person-organization fit (PO fit) as a mediator of this relationship and the need to belong as a moderator of the relationship between CSR and PO fit. The results of the moderated mediation model (using PLS-SEM) are developed and a discussion is provided.
Exploring Rice Root Microbiome; The Variation, Specialization and Interaction of Bacteria and Fungi In Six Tropic Savanna Regions in Ghana
Authors: Kanasugi Makoto , Sarkodee-Addo Elsie , Ansong Omari Richard , Mohammad Golam Dastogeer Khondoker , Fujii Yoshiharu , Oppong Abebrese Samuel , Bam Ralph , Asuming-Brempong Stella , Okazaki Shin
Published: July 2020

We investigated the root microbiomes of rice sampled from six major rice-producing regions in Ghana using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput amplicon sequencing analysis. The result showed that both bacterial and fungal community compositions were significantly varied across the regions. Bacterial communities were shaped predominantly by biotic factors, including root fungal diversity and abundance. In contrast, fungal communities were influenced by abiotic factors such as soil nitrate, total carbon and soil pH. A negative correlation between the diversity and abundance of root fungi with soil nitrate (NO3-) level was observed. It suggested that there were direct and indirect effects of NO3- on the root-associated bacterial and fungal community composition. The gradient of soil nitrate from North to South parts of Ghana may influence the composition of rice root microbiome. Bacterial community composition was shaped by fungal diversity and abundance; whereas fungal community composition was shaped by bacterial abundance. It suggested the mutualistic interaction of bacteria and fungi at the community level in the rice root microbiome. Specific bacterial and fungal taxa were detected abundantly in the ‘Northern’ regions of Ghana, which were very low or absent from the samples of other regions. The analysis of indicator species suggested that an ‘ecological specialization’ may have occurred which enabled specific microbial taxa to adapt to the local environment, such as the low-nitrate condition in the Northern regions.
An Innovative GIS-Based Territorial Information Tool for the Evaluation of Corporate Properties: An Application to the Italian Context
Authors: Locurcio Marco , Morano Pierluigi , Tajani Francesco , Di Liddo Felicia
Published: July 2020

The financial transmission of the USA’s housing price bubble has highlighted the inadequacy of the valuation methods adopted by the credit institutions, due to their static nature and inability to understand complex socio-economic dynamics and their related effects on the real estate market. The present research deals with the current issue of using Automated Valuation Methods for expeditious assessments in order to monitor and forecast market evolutions in the short and medium term. The paper aims to propose an evaluative model for the corporate market segment, in order to support the investors’, the credit institutions’ and the public entities’ decision processes. The application of the proposed model to the corporate real estate segment market of the cities of Rome and Milan (Italy) outlines the potentialities of this approach in property big data management. The elaboration of input and output data in the GIS (Geographic Information System) environment allowed the development of an intuitive platform for the immediate representation of the results and their easy interpretation, even to non-expert users.
Design of Eco-Efficient Body Parts for Electric Vehicles Considering Life Cycle Environmental Information
Authors: Reimer Lars , Kaluza Alexander , Cerdas Felipe , Meschke Jens , Vietor Thomas , Herrmann Christoph
Published: July 2020

The reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions over the entire life cycle of vehicles has become part of the strategic objectives in automotive industry. In this regard, the design of future body parts should be carried out based on information of life cycle GHG emissions. The substitution of steel towards lightweight materials is a major trend, with the industry undergoing a fundamental shift towards the introduction of electric vehicles (EV). The present research aims to support the conceptual design of body parts with a combined perspective on mechanical performance and life cycle GHG emissions. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the GHG impact of EV in the use phase depends on vehicle-specific factors that may not be specified at the conceptual design stage of components, such as the market-specific electricity mix used for vehicle charging. A methodology is proposed that combines a simplified numerical design of concept alternatives and an analytic approach estimating life cycle GHG emissions. It is applied to a case study in body part design based on a set of principal geometries and load cases, a range of materials (aluminum, glass and carbon fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP, CFRP) as substitution to a steel reference) and different use stage scenarios of EV. A new engineering chart was developed, which helps design engineers to compare life cycle GHG emissions of lightweight material concepts to the reference. For body shells, the replacement of the steel reference with aluminum or GFRP shows reduced lifecycle GHG emissions for most use phase scenarios. This holds as well for structural parts being designed on torsional stiffness. For structural parts designed on tension/compression or bending stiffness CFRP designs show lowest lifecycle GHG emissions. In all cases, a high share of renewable electricity mix and a short lifetime pose the steel reference in favor. It is argued that a further elaboration of the approach could substantially increase transparency between design choices and life cycle GHG emissions.
Allocation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Using the Fairness Principle: A Multi-Country Analysis
Authors: Rodríguez-Fernández Laura , Fernández Carvajal Ana Belén , Bujidos-Casado María
Published: July 2020

This study presents an analysis of the allocation of greenhouse gas emissions based on a comparison of criteria for 66 countries and fairness-based indicators. The academic literature contains very few broad multi-country studies. The large sample of countries included in our analysis has allowed us to make a more comprehensive, holistic comparison than other studies with similar characteristics. The United States and China must make the greatest effort to fight climate change worldwide, but all countries have a responsibility, including some that are not usually analyzed in this type of research.
The Transition from Unregulated to Regulated Fishing in Thailand
Authors: Kulanujaree Nipa , Salin Krishna R , Noranarttragoon Pavarot , Yakupitiyage Amararatne
Published: July 2020

Marine fishery is an economically important sector and the primary source of livelihood for coastal fishers in Thailand, but the open access harvesting system and overfishing have depleted fish stocks. The country should address both the issues to sustain a healthy marine fishery and protect the lucrative export market as well as to maintaining seafood self-sufficiency. This paper explains the on-going processes of implementing the measures of restricting the number and size of fishing vessels and fishing efforts to control fishing capacity. The marine resources in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea are categorized into three separate species groups: (1) demersal, (2) pelagic, and (3) anchovies. The precautionary approach is used as the guiding principle, and maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of the three combined resource categories is used as a reference point in setting the total allowable catch (TAC) limits in this exercise. The number of fishing days per vessel per year is stipulated by issuing licenses based on the TAC size and total allowable effort (TAE). Both the advantages and disadvantages of the current fishing allocation system are discussed.
High Seroprevalence of Dengue Virus Infection in Sudan: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Elduma Adel Hussein , LaBeaud A. Desiree , A. Plante Jessica , Plante Kenneth S. , Ahmed Ayman
Published: July 2020

The goal of this study was to systematically review the published data on dengue virus (DENV) seroprevalence in Sudan and to estimate disease burden through meta-analysis. We searched, reviewed, and extracted online available reports on DENV in Sudan. Among 168 identified records, 19 were selected. Dengue infections were documented in 11/18 states. The overall seroprevalence of DENV in Sudan was estimated to be 27%, while the prevalence of dengue IgM was 22% and IgG was 38%. The prevalence of dengue estimated from community and hospital-based cross-sectional studies were 26% and 30% respectively. Additionally, one cohort study and a single PCR-based study reported a prevalence of 1% and 4%, respectively. Regional analysis revealed that the variation in seroprevalence in East, North, West, and Central Sudan was 23%, 24%, 36% and 43%, respectively. Interestingly, we found that DENV is circulating countrywide with a significant spatiotemporal variation in the disease seroprevalence. Furthermore, publications on dengue prevalence are temporally and geographically fragmented, perhaps due to limited resources. However, this gap in data and knowledge highlights the urgent need for a country-wide surveillance system and continued study of dengue burden in Sudan to accurately estimate the disease prevalence and determine the associated risk factors.
Genetic Characterization of a Novel North American-Origin Avian Influenza A (H6N5) Virus Isolated from Bean Goose of South Korea in 2018
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Minh , Sung Haan Woo , Yun Ki-Jung , Park Hyun , Yeo Seon-Ju
Published: July 2020

The complex overlap in waterfowl migratory pathways across the world has established numerous occurrences of genetic reassortment and intercontinental spread of avian influenza virus (AIV) over long distances, thereby calling for huge efforts and targeted surveillance for infection control. During annual surveillance in South Korea in 2018, a novel avian influenza H6N5 (K6) subtype was isolated from the fecal sample of wild bird. Genomic characterization using a phylogenetic tree indicated the K6 virus to be of North American-origin, with partial homology to an H6N5 strain, A/Aix galericulata/South Korea/K17-1638-5/2017 (K17). A monobasic residue at the HA cleavage site and absence of a notable mutation at the HA receptor-binding site suggested the isolate to be of low pathogenicity. However, molecular analysis revealed the E119V mutation in the NA gene and a human host marker mutation E382D in the polymerase acidic (PA) gene, implying their susceptibility to neuraminidase inhibitors and potential infectivity in humans, respectively. For comparison, K6 and K17 were found to be dissimilar for various mutations, such as A274T of PB2, S375N/T of PB1, or V105M of NP, each concerning the increased virulence of K6 in mammalian system. Moreover, kinetic data presented the highest viral titer of this H6N5 isolate at 106.37 log10TCID50 after 48 h of infection, thus proving efficient adaptability for replication in a mammalian system in vitro. The mouse virus challenge study showed insignificant influence on the total body weight, while viral load shedding in lungs peaked at 1.88 ± 0.21 log10 TICD50/mL, six days post infection. The intercontinental transmission of viruses from North America may continuously be present in Korea, thereby providing constant opportunities for virus reassortment with local resident AIVs; these results hint at the increased potential risk of host jumping capabilities of the new isolates. Our findings reinforce the demand for regular surveillance, not only in Korea but also along the flyways in Alaska.
Tiotropium Is Predicted to Be a Promising Drug for COVID-19 Through Transcriptome-Based Comprehensive Molecular Pathway Analysis
Authors: Kang Keunsoo , Kim Hoo , Choi Yoonjung
Published: July 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) affects almost everyone in the world in many ways. We previously predicted antivirals (atazanavir, remdesivir and lopinavir/ritonavir) and non-antiviral drugs (tiotropium and rapamycin) that may inhibit the replication complex of SARS-CoV-2 using our molecular transformer–drug target interaction (MT–DTI) deep-learning-based drug–target affinity prediction model. In this study, we dissected molecular pathways upregulated in SARS-CoV-2-infected normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells by analyzing an RNA-seq data set with various bioinformatics approaches, such as gene ontology, protein–protein interaction-based network and gene set enrichment analyses. The results indicated that the SARS-CoV-2 infection strongly activates TNF and NFκB-signaling pathways through significant upregulation of the TNF, IL1B, IL6, IL8, NFKB1, NFKB2 and RELB genes. In addition to these pathways, lung fibrosis, keratinization/cornification, rheumatoid arthritis, and negative regulation of interferon-gamma production pathways were also significantly upregulated. We observed that these pathologic features of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to those observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Intriguingly, tiotropium, as predicted by MT–DTI, is currently used as a therapeutic intervention in COPD patients. Treatment with tiotropium has been shown to improve pulmonary function by alleviating airway inflammation. Accordingly, a literature search summarized that tiotropium reduced expressions of IL1B, IL6, IL8, RELA, NFKB1 and TNF in vitro or in vivo, and many of them have been known to be deregulated in COPD patients. These results suggest that COVID-19 is similar to an acute mode of COPD caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection, and therefore tiotropium may be effective for COVID-19 patients.
Covid-19 Transmission Trajectories–Monitoring the Pandemic in the Worldwide Context
Authors: Loeffler-Wirth Henry , Schmidt Maria , Binder Hans
Published: July 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic is developing worldwide with common dynamics but also with marked differences between regions and countries. These are not completely understood, but presumably, provide a clue to find ways to mitigate epidemics until strategies leading to its eradication become available. We describe an iteractive monitoring tool available in the internet. It enables inspection of the dynamic state of the epidemic in 187 countries using trajectories that visualize the transmission and removal rates of the epidemic and in this way bridge epi-curve tracking with modelling approaches. Examples were provided which characterize state of epidemic in different regions of the world in terms of fast and slow growing and decaying regimes and estimate associated rate factors. The basic spread of the disease is associated with transmission between two individuals every two-three days on the average. Non-pharmaceutical interventions decrease this value to up to ten days, whereas ‘complete lock down’ measures are required to stop the epidemic. Comparison of trajectories revealed marked differences between the countries regarding efficiency of measures taken against the epidemic. Trajectories also reveal marked country-specific recovery and death rate dynamics. The results presented refer to the pandemic state in May to July 2020 and can serve as ‘working instruction’ for timely monitoring using the interactive monitoring tool as a sort of ‘seismometer’ for the evaluation of the state of epidemic, e.g., the possible effect of measures taken in both, lock-down and lock-up directions. Comparison of trajectories between countries and regions will support developing hypotheses and models to better understand regional differences of dynamics of Covid-19.
NK Cell Memory to Cytomegalovirus: Implications for Vaccine Development
Authors: Forrest Calum , Gomes Ariane , Reeves Matthew , Male Victoria
Published: July 2020

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells that recognize and eliminate virally-infected and cancerous cells. Members of the innate immune system are not usually considered to mediate immune memory, but over the past decade evidence has emerged that NK cells can do this in several contexts. Of these, the best understood and most widely accepted is the response to cytomegaloviruses, with strong evidence for memory to murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) and several lines of evidence suggesting that the same is likely to be true of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The importance of NK cells in the context of HCMV infection is underscored by the armory of NK immune evasion genes encoded by HCMV aimed at subverting the NK cell immune response. As such, ongoing studies that have utilized HCMV to investigate NK cell diversity and function have proven instructive. Here, we discuss our current understanding of NK cell memory to viral infection with a focus on the response to cytomegaloviruses. We will then discuss the implications that this will have for the development of a vaccine against HCMV with particular emphasis on how a strategy that can harness the innate immune system and NK cells could be crucial for the development of a vaccine against this high-priority pathogen.
Identification and Analysis of Unstructured, Linear B-Cell Epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 Virion Proteins for Vaccine Development
Authors: Corral-Lugo Andrés , López-Siles Mireia , López Daniel , McConnell Michael J. , Martin-Galiano Antonio J.
Published: July 2020

The efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid-based vaccines may be limited by proteolysis of the translated product due to anomalous protein folding. This may be the case for vaccines employing linear SARS-CoV-2 B-cell epitopes identified in previous studies since most of them participate in secondary structure formation. In contrast, we have employed a consensus of predictors for epitopic zones plus a structural filter for identifying 20 unstructured B-cell epitope-containing loops (uBCELs) in S, M, and N proteins. Phylogenetic comparison suggests epitope switching with respect to SARS-CoV in some of the identified uBCELs. Such events may be associated with the reported lack of serum cross-protection between the 2003 and 2019 pandemic strains. Incipient variability within a sample of 1639 SARS-CoV-2 isolates was also detected for 10 uBCELs which could cause vaccine failure. Intermediate stages of the putative epitope switch events were observed in bat coronaviruses in which additive mutational processes possibly facilitating evasion of the bat immune system appear to have taken place prior to transfer to humans. While there was some overlap between uBCELs and previously validated SARS-CoV B-cell epitopes, multiple uBCELs had not been identified in prior studies. Overall, these uBCELs may facilitate the development of biomedical products for SARS-CoV-2.
Minimally invasive therapy for vertebrogenic radiculopathy
Authors: Shpagin Maksim , Yarikov Anton , Nikitin Denis , Rodygin Danil , Belikin Artyom
Published: July 2020

Epidural pharmacotherapy methods are used for the treatment of back pain caused by aseptic inflammation of the nerve root. However, epidural drug administration has several limitations, that led to the development of a new method — epidural laser therapy. It consists in installation of the optical fiber with a low-intensity laser radiation in the epidural space under X-ray guidance with a subsequent course of laser therapy directly for the damaged spinal nerve root. Results of a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of treatment with epidural pharmacotherapy and epidural laser therapy methods are presented.
Problems and prospects for the implementation of pharmacogenetic testing in real clinical practice in the Russian Federation
Authors: Nasyrova Regina , Dobrodeeva Vera , Skopin Stanislav , Shnayder Nataliya , Neznanov Nikolay
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the current state of the use of pharmacogenetic testing in clinical practice in the field of psychiatry, narcology and neurology in the Russian Federation. The active introduction of pharmacogenetic testing in clinical practice contributes to a personalized approach to predicting the pharmacological response to drugs, increasing the safety and effectiveness of pharmacotherapy, complience and the quality of life of patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. In the future, an increase in the availability of pharmacogenetic testing in real clinical practice is expected.
Lumbar periarticular cysts of arcorray joint
Authors: Yarikov Anton , Shpagin Maxim , Nazmeev Iliya , Gorelov Sergey , Perlmutter Olga
Published: July 2020

The immediate and long-term results of treatment of 30 patients with severe pain syndrome of the lumbar region, who underwent operations on denervation of DOS, were studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive technologies for the treatment of pain in the lumbar region (denervation of DOS), to study the near and distant results of these treatment methods. Denervation DOS is an effective minimally invasive method for the treatment of facet syndrome caused by spondylarthrosis. It allows in the early and distant postoperative periods to significantly reduce the pain syndrome and improve the quality of life of patients.
The role of cognitive style in assessing the cognitive performance of patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenic disorders
Authors: Belskikh Irina , Plotnikov Dmitry , Severyanova Lyudmila , Zdanovich Anna
Published: July 2020

Cognitive styles are integrative indicators of personality and very sensitive predictors of cognitive impairment. The aim of the work is to analyze the cognitive activity of patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenic spectrum disorders by studying their cognitive style of concrete/abstract conceptualization. 116 patients were studied using the author’s method of discriminating the properties of concepts. It was found that patients of these groups have a characteristic change in the studied cognitive style, which is expressed in certain combinations of indicators of its quadripolar structure. The degree of changes associated with the progression of the disorders.
Treatment of vertebrobasilar insufficiency
Authors: Dzhilkashiev B. , Antonov G. , Chmutin G. , Chmutin E. , Zokhidov Z. , Simfukwe K.
Published: July 2020

This article provides an up-to-date literature review on the role of pathological changes in the extracranial, trunk segments of the vertebral arteries (VA) in the development of chronic and progressive vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI). Improving methodology of differentiated reconstructive interventions for VA stenosis based on specifically determined vascular territory with application of microsurgery instruments and minimally invasive technologies has made it possible to determine that all other conditions that could lead to the formation of VBI should be excluded in patients with this clinical picture during the planning of arterial reconstruction, and possible outflow pathways and reactivity of the arteries of the vertebrobasilar territory should be determined.
Water and electrolyte disorders after transsphenoidal pituitary tumor surgery
Authors: Astafyeva L. , Asante Emmanuel , Awad Ibrahim Sameh Ragab , Ashraf Abdali , Mandzhieva I. , Shkarubo A. , Kutin M.
Published: July 2020

Transsphenoidal surgery using a microscope or endoscope is the main method of surgical treatment of most pituitary adenomas and other formations located in the chiasm-sellar region. Water and electrolyte disorders, including postoperative diabetes insipidus, as well as hyponatremia due to inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone are frequent complications after the removal of tumors in this area.
Molecular genetic basis of neurotic disorders. Modern outlooks
Authors: Tsygankov Boris , Tyuneva Alla , Pechenkina Aleksandra
Published: July 2020

For a long time neurosis was considered as a psychogenic disease, the etiology and pathogenesis of which are primarily associated with psychological factors. In modern medical science, data have appeared on the genetic prerequisites for the development of this disorder, which requires further study.
Family Resources in Schizophrenia. Clinical Case
Authors: Simak Olga , Soldatkin Victor , Andreev Aleksei
Published: July 2020

The paper describes a 40-year history of a married couple that faced the problem of schizophrenia in one of the partners. The article also discusses the changing role of a healthy partner as a caregiver and primary support provider during a mental disease. The article explores how understanding the relationship between mental disease and its role in family life can help establish the treatment cooperation between the psychiatrist and the patient, improve the disrupted interpersonal relations and patient care. The unique clinical discussions between the psychiatrist and the couple may serve as the inappreciable examples of neuro- and psycholinguistic analysis for other mental health professionals. The partner’s coping behavior in overcoming alcohol abuse and family violence provoked by exacerbation of his spouse’s schizophrenia is of interest.
Different forms of behaviour connected with health which are used in public health care
Authors: Kopeliovich Galina
Published: July 2020

It is important to use different forms of behaviour while planning the programs of public health care referred to interventions to health-related behaviour. In this article, the main forms and theories of healthy behaviour will be considered, by using them separately or in conjunction, we can build the strategies of public health care. The interpretative forms and forms based on theories, procedural or step-by-step forms and planning forms will be described.
Quality of Life as the Most Important Characteristic of Medical and Social Effectiveness of Medical Care. Literature Review
Authors: Khudoshin Nikolay
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of studying the quality of life, the terminology of this concept, the history of the research, options, questionnaires and methods of their application. The article is prepared for graduate students, scientists and doctors, interested in this problem.
Activities of healthcare organizations on high-alert regime
Authors: Sokova Evgeniya
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring the work of a healthcare organization in the conditions of spread of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19). The author provides a list of regulations and sanitary measures to ensure the safety of patients.
The response ofinsured persons to invitations tomedical examinations and requests for self-isolation as a marker of social responsibility of the population of the nizhny novgorod region
Authors: Romanova Tat'yana , Mishanov Sergej
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the issues of medical examination of the population and social responsibility of the population of the Nizhny Novgorod region during the new type of coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19).
Attitude of students and teachers to distance learning during the new type of coronavirus epidemic
Authors: Abaeva Olga
Published: July 2020

The article describes the experience of conducting a theoretical cycle for medical University students in isolation of students and teachers. The author analyzes a survey of students about their studies and life in quarantine, as well as teachers about the difficulties of organizing distance learning. The author concludes that this situation is a good forced experience for the organization of the educational process in the future.
Relevant issues of access of health workers to performance of duties in the period of epidemic coronavirus infection new type
Authors: Murygina Maria , Abaeva Olga
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to changing the legal framework that regulates the admission of doctors and nurses to perform official duties related to a complex epidemiological situation. The authors review the regulatory documents aimed at optimizing the use of health personnel resources in such a difficult period, and note a number of problems in the work of human resources services in connection with the adoption of new regulations.
Features of the early diagnosis of respiratory diseases in interns of chemical industries
Authors: Vlasova Elena , Ustinova Olga , Vorobyeva Alena
Published: July 2020

In the conditions of increasing retirement age and active longevity, it is especially important to maintain health of older workers employed in hazardous industries. Physiological changes occur in the body, including respiratory system, with aging, they are modified under conditions of exposure to chemicals and in the post-exposure period. Incidence rate of temporary disability in the Perm Krai amounted to 45.0 cases per 100 employees. The average regional indicator was exceeded more than twice in chemical enterprises; respiratory diseases predominated in the structure of causes of temporary disability both in the number of cases and the number of days of disability, with an average duration of one case of the disease of 8.3 days. The proportion of diseases caused by industrial aerosols and chemical factors amounted to 25% in 2017 (Russian Federation 2017 - 22.35%), in 2018 - 30%. Share of respiratory diseases in the structure of nosological forms of occupational diseases has increased over the past 10 years, in 2018 it occupied the second place with 25%.
Comparative analysis of the state of health and the effectiveness of the recovery of schoolchildren in summer health organizations
Authors: Stepanov Evgeniy , Khusainov Artur , Povargo Elena , Akhmetshina Rimma , Agafonov Artem , Voskresenskaya Elizaveta
Published: July 2020

An important stage in the recovery of children and adolescents should be considered a summer health campaign. In order to make a comparative assessment of the physical development, state of health, and the effectiveness of the rehabilitation of schoolchildren in summer health organizations, a survey of 355 children (189 girls and 166 boys) was conducted. It is established that the most children are those with normal physical development. An analysis of deviations in physical development showed that there are no significant differences in the proportion of children with underweight and overweight. It was found that for most schoolchildren the level of physical development is average, while girls with this level were significantly more than boys, and among boys there were more children with a low level. It was noted that about half of the children have a second group of health, and the proportion of children with the first and third groups was approximately the same. Analysis of the effectiveness of recovery indicates that by the end of the shift, most children have significantly improved basic indicators of physical development. Thus, an increase in body length and muscle strength of the hands by the end of the shift was observed in half of the children, the lung capacity increased in more than 60 % of children. Positive dynamics of body weight was noted in 45 % of children. In general a positive healing effect was noted in 70.2 % of children.
Study of level and content of teachers’awareness in prevention and correction of visual impairment of students
Authors: Ryabova I. , Sobolevskaya T. , Nezhkina N. , Chernogorov D. , Zverev O.
Published: July 2020

The problem of preserving the vision of younger generation is one of the most pressing issues not only in the field of health, but also in the field of education. This problem has become especially important in the context of intensification of modern school students' education. Unfortunately, over the past decades, there has been an increase in prevalence of visual impairment of children. Currently there is a special term — «school short-sightedness (Myopia) ". According to many researchers, vision problems begin from the moment the children enter school, and this alarming trend is being detected around the world today. The article presents the results of a survey of Moscow school teachers conducted in January 2020 in order to identify the level and content of their knowledge about visual disorders, awareness of issues of vision protection and methods of work with students, as well as the request for training in activities aimed at preventing and correcting visual disorders of students. 387 teachers from Moscow state schools (31educational complex from different administrative districts of Moscow) took part in the survey. The survey data obtained confirm that today in educational organizations the work on protection of children's vision is episodic, or is not carried out. The reasons for this are insufficient knowledge and lack of special training of teachers in issues of vision protectionof students. All of the above confirms the relevance of development of measures for activities in educational organizations for vision protection, dictates the need to develop both methodological support and educational training programs for teachers aimed at prevention and correction of visual disorders of students.
Occupational cancer among workers exposed to hazardous and dangerous working conditions in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Valeeva Elvira , Galimova Rasima , Bakirov Akhat , Distanova Albina , Gazizova Nailya
Published: July 2020

The problem of the studies on occupational cancer diseases is one of the most important issues of occupational health. Its significance is due to a gap of knowledge, an increase in morbidity and mortality rate from cancer. The Republic of Bashkortostan is one of the most developed industrial regions of Russia with a significant number of production processes where carcinogenic substances and factors are used. The analysis has shown that the greatest number of carcinogens is found in the production of continuous fiberglass, rubber products, lubricants and cooling materials, fuels, and organic substances. Over the past 10 years, only 11 cases of work-related malignancies have been identified in the republic. The main reasons for the development of occupational neoplasms (skin, larynx, lungs, blood) are Group I chemicals (the degree of evidence is sufficient) (72.7 %). Exposure to physical factors (ionizing radiation) led to the development of occupational cancer (kidney, thyroid, connective tissue) in 27.3 % of patients. A low identification rate of occupational neoplasms in the republic indicates the need to be increasingly cautious about cancer at the stages of preventive health check-ups of workers exposed to carcinogenic factors and substances.
Neonatal hypothermia
Authors: Shkondin Lev
Published: July 2020

Hypothermia in newborns is a violation of heat metabolism, which is accompanied by a decrease in body temperature below 36.4 °C, manifested by polysystemic disorders of the central nervous system, cardiovascular, respiratory and other systems of the infant's body. Hypothermia occurs with a decrease in the axillary temperature in the newborn lower than 36.4 °C. It can develop rapidly, within 1–2 minutes, with a loss of temperature at a speed of 0.4 °C. It is a serious complication that requires quick and intensive correction; it can lead to irreversible changes, and even death, without the necessary medical care.
Myocarditis complicated by therapy-resistant heart failure
Authors: Kovalev Dmitriy
Published: July 2020

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscles, caused by direct or indirect — through immune mechanisms — exposure to infectious, physical and chemical factors, as well as developing in case of autoimmune diseases and heart transplantation. Inflammatory myocardial diseases are one of the rare nosological forms in cardiology, which, despite its nearly two-century history, still does not have clear guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.
Isolated bilateral coronary ostial stenosis
Authors: Kovalev Dmitriy
Published: July 2020

Coronary artery stenosis is a very rare condition in women of childbearing age without previous risk factors for atherosclerosis. A case of severe isolated bilateral coronary ostial stenosis, which manifested itself as a clinical presentation of unstable angina, was described. It led to the hospitalization of a 34-year-old woman in the cardiology hospital. Further examination revealed syphilitic origin of vascular lesions.