bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of climatic changes on olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) population dynamic and its damages in olive orchards in Iran
Authors: Keyhanian Ali Akbar , Mojdehi Mohammad Reza Abbasi , Rafiei Bahareh
Published: October 2024

The olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae Rossi (Dip.: Tephritidae) is one of the most economically damaging pests of olives worldwide. The present study was conducted in Qazvin Province (Ghooshchi and Siahpoosh), Iran, between 2014 and 2016 to investigate seasonal fluctuations and the population's bio-ecology characteristics of B. oleae using sex pheromone traps and McPhail traps. Fruit sampling was also carried out to reveal pest development and the fruit infestation rate. The results showed that adult insects are active throughout the year, and their density varies depending on the weather conditions. In the areas where the study was conducted, there are three to four overlapping pest generations per year. In late spring and early summer, the oviposition of female insects on the fruits coincides with the hardening of the olive pit. Immature stages of the pest were observed in late May at different dates, indicating the beginning of the first generation of olive fruit flies. The second generation starts from late August to late September, and the third generation begins in early October. The population density and economic damage of the pest varied over the three years, depending on temperature, relative humidity, and orchard management. Cyrtoptyx latipes parasitized pest larvae at a maximum percentage of 2.16, which was very low.
A New Generative Method for Multi-focus Image Fusion of Underwater Micro Bubbles
Authors: Li Xionghui , Zong Siguang , Duan Zike , Yang Shaopeng , Chen Bao , Lin Qiqin
Published: October 2024

The optical detection methodology stands as a predominant approach for detecting underwater bubbles. Nonetheless, owing to poor underwater imaging conditions, the acquired image depth of field proves inadequate, posing significant challenges for the study and identification of underwater micro bubbles. In this investigation, we present a multi-focus image fusion model tailored for underwater micro bubbles, grounded in the Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM). We also propose a multi-focus image fusion metric suitable for underwater scenarios with micro bubbles. Experimental validation on the constructed dataset demonstrates that our model achieves up to a 43.9% improvement over traditional SOTA methods. These results substantiate the model’s efficacy in conserving image characteristics and attaining multi-focus fusion. Consequently, this research furnishes substantial empirical support for subsequent endeavors in image-related tasks.
Assessment of associations among urinary iodine concentration, iodized table salt and thyroid parameters during pregnancy in Algeria
Authors: Oudahmane-Akdader Samira , Lakabi Lynda , Kamel Assia , Zimmermann Michael Bruce , Kherrab Hanane , Hamouli-Said Zohra
Published: October 2024

Background and objectives: Iodine is a trace element whose adequate intakes are essential during pregnancy to promote the correct growth and development of the fetus. Iodine deficiency is the cause of several disorders associated with an increased risk of miscarriage or premature birth. The aim of this study was to assess the urinanry iodine concentration (UIC) and thyroid function of pregnant women (PW) in northern Algeria.
Methods: Healthy PW (n=173) were recruited from Gynecology-obstetrics service (Algiers) divided into three group. Spot urine and venous blood samples were collected to assess iodine status (urinary iodine concentration, serum thyroid hormones and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies concentrations. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the association between UIC and thyroid parameters.
Resultats: The median UIC values were 233 μg/L, 246.74 μg/L, 244.68 μg/L in the first, second and third trimester respectively. Median TSH and FT4 concentrations were within reference ranges during pregnancy. Among PW, 72.7%, 75.4% and 75.5% in the first, second and third trimester were TPO-Ab+. Among TPO-Ab+ PW in the first, second and third trimesters, 18.7%, 13% and 10.3% had subclinical hypothyroidism.
Conclusion: In northern Algeria, median UICs in PW indicate iodine sufficiency. About 75% of PW are TPO-Ab + and the frequency of undiagnosed SCH in pregnant women was the prevalence high. Monitoring of iodine fortification programs is vital to avoid both iodine deficiency and excess and raises an alarm of the potential risks of untreated thyroid disorder with an urgent need for a comprehensive national iodine status survey in Algeria.
12-hour phenotypic drug susceptibility testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant bovis BCG
Authors: Elf Johan , Tran Buu Minh , Larsson Jimmy , Grip Anastasia , Karempudi Praneeth
Published: October 2024

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) kills approximately 200,000 people every year. A contributing factor is the slow turnaround time associated with anti-TB drug susceptibility diagnostics. The prevailing gold standard for phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) takes at least two weeks. In this study, we used Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant bovis BCG (M. bovis BCG) and Mycobacterium smegmatis as models for tuberculous and nontuberculous pathogens. The bacteria were loaded into a microfluidic chip, trapping them in microchambers, and allowing simultaneous tracking of single-cell growth with and without antibiotic exposure. A deep neural network image-segmentation algorithm was used to quantify the growth rate over time and determine how the strains responded to the drugs compared to the untreated reference. We determined that the response time of the susceptible strains to isoniazid (INH), ethambutol (EMB), and linezolid (LZD) at MIC was within 3 hours and 1 hour for M. bovis BCG and M. smegmatis, respectively. Resistant strains of M. smegmatis were identifiable within 3 hours, suggesting that growth-based pDST can be conducted in less than 12 hours for slow-growing M. bovis BCG. The results obtained for M. bovis BCG are most likely comparable to what we expect for M. tuberculosis as these strains share 99.96% genetic identity. This work could pave the way for a pDST for TB in less than 12 hours.
Oral frailty assessment links brain changes in healthy older adults and predicts future cognitive decline
Authors: Murahashi Makoto , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Noguchi-Shinohara Moeko , Ishimiya-Jokaji Mai , Ide Kentaro , Kawano Toshihiro , Tokuchi Shusuke , Suzuki Risako , Maruyama Nobuyuki , Isa Mikana , Kawashiri Shuichi , Ono Kenjiro
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the association between oral frailty and regional brain volumes in cognitively unimpaired older adults. We employed a modified version of the Oral Frailty Five-item Checklist (OF-5) and examined its relationship with brain structural changes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total of 732 participants who were cognitively unimpaired (mean age 70.32 years), from a community-dwelling Japanese cohort, were included in the study. Oral frailty was assessed using the original OF-5, revised OF-5, and novel revised OF-6 classification that incorporated social factors.
Our findings revealed that the revised OF-6 classification demonstrated stronger associations with reduced volumes in multiple brain regions than the original and revised OF-5. Individuals classified as orally frail by the revised OF-6 had significantly lower volumes in areas crucial for cognitive function, including the medial temporal lobe, parahippocampal gyrus, and entorhinal cortex. Furthermore, severe tooth loss (≤9 teeth) and solitary eating were independently associated with lower total brain volume and regional atrophy in areas typically affected by dementia. These findings suggest that when assessed using the revised OF-6 classification, oral frailty may serve as an early indicator of cognitive decline risk in older adults.
This study underscores the potential of comprehensive oral health assessments as noninvasive screening tools for identifying individuals at higher risk of dementia, highlighting the complex interplay between oral health, social engagement, and brain structure and suggesting that maintaining good oral health and social connections may play crucial roles in preserving brain volume in regions critical for cognitive function.
Seamless incorporation of artificial water channels in defect-free polyamide membrane for desalination of brackish water
Authors: Wang Jianbing , Liu Yingsong , Xu Xieyang , Wang Chenshuo , Yu Huijun , Wang Weiyi , Gong Yanxi
Published: October 2024

Artificial water channel (AWC) showed the potential for overcoming the permeability-selectivity tradeoff of polyamide (PA) membranes. However, the availability of biomimetic materials and limitations posed by fabrication-induced defects make the development of AWC-PA membranes a daunting task. Herein, we synthesized imidazolylethyl-ureidoethyl-phenyl (IUP) compounds to form AWC by self-assembling and provided a strategy to seamlessly incorporate AWC in defect-free PA membranes. IUP compounds were molecularly designed with enhanced nature to form AWC due to π-π stacking interactions. In addition, nanosized colloid AWC aggregates can be obtained in water directly with the aid of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and conveniently incorporated into PA layers. The AWC not only promotes the preferential selective passage of water but also has good compatibility with the surrounding PA matrix. The biomimetic membranes provided a water permeance of 4.3 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1 and NaCl rejection of 99.3%, much higher than that observed with marketed state-of-the-art membranes. Mechanism understanding revealed the compatible interaction between AWC, SDS and PA matrix was a necessary requisite to fabricate defect-free AWC-PA layers. This strategy can be easily extended to industrial scale and the biomimetic membranes may represent the development direction of the next generation of high-performance reverse osmosis membranes.
Characterization of Jasmonate-ZIM domain family in response to abiotic stresses; functional insights for developing climate resilience cotton
Authors: Imran Ifrah , Zahid Rida , Ehsan Aiman , Awan Muhammad Jawad Akbar , Akhtar Mariam , Asif Muhammad , Amin Imran , Naqvi Rubab Zahra
Published: October 2024

Jasmonate-ZIM domain (JAZ) genes are essential for the regulation of physiological processes in plants and help plants to protect from various stresses. Given the increasing global food security concerns related to growing populations, climate change, and scarce arable land, understanding stress-resilient crops such as cotton (Gossypiumspp.) is essential. Cotton is a crucial crop for economic and agricultural sustainability, especially in conditions of increasing salinity, drought, and heat, made worse by climate change. Here, genome-wide analyses of the JAZ gene family in cotton is performed, and their functional response to salt, drought, and heat stimuli is examined. In this study, 91 JAZ genes in five cotton species that are found to be unequally distributed on all chromosomes throughout genomes have been identified. This study focuses on these genes' evolutionary preservation with land plants and functional differentiation potential. Comparative genomics and phylogenetic studies have revealed the JAZ gene family's evolutionary dynamics and functional diversity, emphasizing its role in stress response pathways including salinity, drought and heat. Multiple stress-responsive cis-acting regulatory elements (CARE) including MYB/ARE have been found in JAZ gene promoters which indicates a sophisticated regulatory network that allows cotton to change its physiological and defensive responses to abiotic stimuli accurately. Understanding these networks improves our understanding and might improve cotton and other crops for sustainable agriculture. We identified the enhanced expression of JAZ01 and its related genes under abiotic stresses in transcriptomes. Functional validation of JAZ01 and other stress-related genes confirm their upregulation in abiotic stresses, particularly heat stress. These results show that the JAZ01 gene is essential to cotton's adaptive responses. This study explains how the JAZ gene family is implicated in cotton's stress tolerance, improves our understanding of cotton's stress tolerance genetic mechanisms, and provides a foundation for developing genetically modified climate smart crops that can thrive under ever-changing environmental conditions.
Comprehensive Biomarkers of Soman (GD)-induced Chronic Toxicity: Proinflammatory Cytokines, Oxidative Stress, and Organ Function Parameters
Authors: Massey Nyzil , Vasanthi Suraj S , Gimenez-Lirola Luis G , Tyler Harm , Thippeswamy Thimmasettappa
Published: October 2024

Background: Organophosphate (OP) nerve agents, such as Soman (GD), pose a serious risk to neurological health due to their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase, which can result in seizures, epilepsy, and behavioral deficits. Despite acute treatments, the long-term consequences of exposure to OP agents, particularly neuroinflammation and systemic toxicity, remain inadequately understood.
Methods: This study used a Sprague dawley rat model to investigate the long-term effects of acute soman exposure (132 µg/kg, s.c) on neuroinflammation and systemic toxicity. Following exposure, animals were treated immediately with atropine sulfate (2 mg/kg, i.m) and oxime HI-6 (125 mg/kg, i.m) to control peripheral effects, and behavioral seizures were managed with midazolam (3 mg/kg, i.m) one hour later. The development of epilepsy was monitored through handling-induced seizures and EEG. At 18 weeks post-exposure, brain, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were collected under terminal anesthesia to assess neuroinflammatory markers and proinflammatory cytokines' gene expression in the brain, as well as cytokine protein levels in serum and CSF.
Results: All soman-exposed animals developed epilepsy, as confirmed by handling-induced seizures or EEG. Significant elevations of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α, IL-18, IL-17A, and MCP1) were found in both serum and CSF, and corresponding gene expression increases were observed in the brain. Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly elevated in the serum of soman-exposed animals, though other blood biochemical parameters were similar to age-matched controls. No hematological changes were observed, indicating the inflammatory response originated in the brain. Elevated serum bilirubin and BUN levels indicated potential liver and kidney dysfunction, although no significant structural changes were detected in these organs.
Conclusions: This study identified key biomarkers of the chronic effects of soman exposure on the brain, blood, CSF, liver, and kidney. The findings suggest that monitoring liver and kidney function is crucial for survivors of nerve agent exposure or OP pesticide exposure suicides, and the identified biomarkers may assist in developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to mitigate long-term public health impacts.
Cell nuclei extraction technology
Authors: taohsueh liao
Published: October 2024

In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus is an important component,the nucleus contains genetic
material, chromosomes and histones,different tissues contain different cells,some cells
have thicker cell walls,like Saccharomyces cerevisiae,the more commonly used
eukaryotic cell models for research include mammals,yeast,Our laboratory used an
improved method to successfully extract the cell nucleus,we refer to (Philip D. Gregory,
Slobodan Barbaric, and Wolfram Horz 1998) and (Jacqes Cote,Rhea T et.al 1995),these
two papers mentioned once used Hela Cell to extract nucleus,but we used yeast to
extract nucleus,the advantage of using yeast as a module is that it is easy and fast to
cultivate,yeast has a thicker cell wall and the number of cells is not as large as HeLa
cells,we get about half the number of nuclei,but it is enough to provide the experimental
needs,our method could help biologists who need this technology
Tuning aromaticity of cyclocarbons by heteroatom doping
Authors: Xu Wei , Sun Luye , Guo Yuan , Sahalianov Ihor , Zhou Zheng , Zheng Wei , Xiang Wenzhi , Guo Yumeng , Feng Yuanhao , Valiev Rashid , Kuklin Artem , Ågren Hans , Baryshnikov Glib
Published: October 2024

Cyclo[n]carbons (Cn), a family of molecular carbon allotropes, have attracted significant attention owing to their elusive geometric structures and unique aromaticity. Cn consists of sp-hybridized carbon atoms, thus processing two perpendicular (out-of-plane and in-plane) conjugated π-electron systems (Fig. 1a, b). For even-numbered cyclocarbons, the aromaticity of Cn can be predicated by Hückel’s rule, as known as double aromaticity for n = 4 k + 2, where k is a non-negative integer (e.g., C6, C10, C14, C18, C26) (Fig. 1c, d); and double anti-aromaticity for n = 4 k (e.g., C12, C16, C20) (Fig. 1e, f), which already have been generated on surfaces. In the case of odd-numbered cyclocarbons, aromaticity cannot be evaluated using Hückel’s rule, which is typically based on calculations of magnetically induced ring currents. For example, the recently generated C13 was determined to be of double anti-aromaticity. In comparison with the doubly anti-aromatic C12, adding a carbon atom does not change the anti-aromatic character. In contrast and interestingly, our theoretical calculations predict that a heteroatom doping (e.g., S or N atom) into cyclocarbons (e.g. C12) could significantly influence its geometric and electronic structures, and moreover tune its aromaticity. It is here shown that C12S exhibits a self-canceling out-of-plane (aromatic) and in-plane (anti-aromatic) aromaticity, resulting in a global non-aromaticity (Fig. 1g, h), which has not been reported for any cyclocarbon so far. For C12N, the strong out-of-plane (aromatic) and weak in-plane (anti-aromatic) aromaticity leads to a global aromaticity (Fig. 1i, j), thus achieving a reversed aromaticity compared to C12. It is therefore of utmost interest to experimentally generate such heteroatom-doped cyclocarbons. Herein, we report on-surface generation of C12S and C12N, on the inert NaCl surface at 4.7 K, via tip-induced dehalogenation and ring opening reactions of fully halogenated molecular precursors, C12SCl8 and C12NCl9, respectively. Bond-resolved atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveals the polyynic and polyyne-cumulene combined structures of C12S and C12N, respectively, also confirmed by theoretical calculations. Aromaticity calculations inspire that such doped heteroatoms could induce the in-plane and out-of-plane electron redistributions, and engineering the interplay between in-plane and out-of-plane orbitals may open up a broad field for designing cyclocarbons with tuned aromaticity.
Triple-Layer Bayesian Euclidean Curve Algorithm for Automated Ransomware Classification
Authors: Njeri Nathaniel , Ivanov Oliver , Rodriguez Samuel , Richardson Annabelle , Delgado Catherine
Published: October 2024

Ransomware attacks have emerged as a significant threat in cybersecurity, exploiting vulnerabilities across various systems and infrastructures. The need for highly accurate, automated classification techniques has become paramount to combat the rapid evolution of ransomware. The Triple-Layer Bayesian Euclidean Curve Algorithm offers a novel approach by combining probabilistic inference with distance-based methods, enabling more precise identification of ransomware families even when dealing with complex or overlapping feature spaces. Through its multi-layered structure, the algorithm refines classification decisions incrementally, significantly reducing misclassification rates, particularly for ransomware samples that employ obfuscation or other evasion techniques. Evaluation results demonstrate the algorithm’s superior performance in terms of precision, recall, and accuracy compared to traditional machine learning models, while also exhibiting strong generalization capabilities for unseen ransomware variants. This methodology addresses key challenges in ransomware classification by improving both detection accuracy and the algorithm's adaptability to emerging threats, presenting a robust solution to the growing problem of ransomware in cybersecurity.
CrimeKGQA: A Crime Investigation System Based on Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Knowledge Graphs
Authors: Kuok Ka Lok , Liu Hao Hui , Lo Wai Weng
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we introduce CrimeKGQA, an investigative system that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with an improved Crime Knowledge Graph (KG) to enhance the accuracy and speed of crime investigation. Compared to traditional LLMs, traditional LLMs are often prone to produce inaccurate responses when challenged with specialized domain knowledge (e.g., crime privacy data), as such data typically belongs to specialized and privacy-sensitive domains which beyond what would be included in the pre-training datasets used for LLMs. This can have dire consequences in some critical fields, such as crime investigation. To address this issue, we create the CrimeKGQA system, which combines the Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) framework with the Neo4j graph database. With this, CrimeKGQA generates precise Cypher queries on the crime investigation knowledge graph stored in Neo4j as well as dynamically retrieves and incorporates the corresponding information to deliver highly qualified and contextually grounded answers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that aims to exploit the potential of large language models within a crime knowledge graph to build efficient and accurate functionality for crime investigation. The experimental results show that the CrimeKGQA system can help answer questions and help in the investigative process, validating the efficacy of our proposed method.
Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Topical Tacrolimus vs. Mometasone in Pediatric Localized Vitiligo: A Retrospective Study
Authors: ELBIDAIRI MUTWAKIL , Khalid Sara , Attia Sherif , Salih Mutaz , Azzab Mai Abu , Thaher Fuad , Mohamed Kawthar , Allouch Oussama , Mohamed Eiman , Allam Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Background:
Mometasone furoate 0.1% cream and tacrolimus 0.03% cream are commonly used treatments for vitiligo, where achieving repigmentation and managing side effects are key outcomes. This study compares the efficacy and side effect profiles of these two treatments over 3 and 6 months using patients' medical records, as well as analyzing statistical significance through the Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test.
Objective:
The objective of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of tacrolimus 0.03% ointment compared to mometasone furoate 0.1% cream in the treatment of vitiligo in children.
Methods:
For efficacy, repigmentation was categorized in ranges (1-24%, 25-49%, 50-74%, and 75-100%) and assessed at 3 and 6 months for both treatments to measure the efficacy. Adverse effects, such as atrophy, burning sensation, erythema, and pruritus, were assessed. The differences in efficacy and adverse effects were analyzed using a two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
Results:
Tacrolimus showed higher rates of repigmentation, with 40% of patients achieving 75-100% repigmentation at 3 months and 32% at 6 months, compared to mometasone which had the same repigmentation range in 34% of patients at 3 months and 23% at 6 months. However, the statistical analysis (p = 0.6170) indicated that there is no significant difference in the overall repigmentation efficacy between the treatments. In terms of adverse effects, tacrolimus had a slightly better safety profile, with fewer cases of atrophy and burning sensation, and a higher percentage of patients reporting no side effects. Nevertheless, no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.6170).
Conclusion:
Both treatments were effective, but tacrolimus demonstrated a slightly better long-term repigmentation and fewer side effects, making it a favorable option for localized vitiligo in children. Although the side effect profiles were comparable, tacrolimus showed a marginally better tolerability. These findings suggest that treatment selection should consider patient-specific factors, such as skin sensitivity and lesion location, to optimize therapeutic outcomes.
A Novel Statistical Framework for Butterfly Species Recognition Using Raw Spatio-Hyperspectral Images
Authors: Adjé Erick A. , Delmaire Gilles , Ahouandjinou Arnaud S. R. M. , Puigt Matthieu , Roussel Gilles
Published: October 2024

Insects, particularly butterflies, play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystems. Therefore, better management is needed, which involves identifying the different species. This work aims to classify four important butterfly species using raw images from a spatio-spectral camera. This camera generates images in 192 spectral layers, posing a significant challenge as capturing a moving butterfly across all spectral layers is impossible, often resulting in limited spectral data for the butterfly specimen. To address this issue, we assume that the spectral features of butterfly species follow Gaussian distributions. However, due to significant overlap between some Gaussian distributions caused by spectral similarities between species, traditional classification methods for Gaussian observations, such as Gaussian Naive Bayes and the Z-score, prove ineffective. To overcome these limitations, we develop robust approaches based on convex combinations of both previous methods. These new approaches improve the results on our test images, providing better robustness even in the presence of noise. Notably, we observed significantly better results when butterflies are detected in the near-infrared, with an accuracy of 88.75% for a single detection image, reaching up to 97.5% for a sequence of four images.
Cooperativity among clustered κB sites within promoters and enhancers dictates transcriptional specificity of NF-κB-RelA along with specific cofactors
Authors: Shahabi Shandy , Biswas Tapan , Shen Yuting , Sanahmadi Rose , Zou Yaya , Ghosh Gourisankar
Published: October 2024

The functional role of weak DNA binding sites for transcription factor (TF) recruitment and gene expression remains largely unknown. Our study reveals that the weak NF-κB DNA binding sites, which are abundant in gene promoters and enhancers, appear in clusters and exhibit minimal to undetectable NF-κB binding activity in isolation in vitro, yet they play prominent roles in gene regulation within native context in cells. We found nuclear concentration of RelA/p65, the predominant NF-κB, is approximately 0.2 µM in stimulated cells, challenging the idea that these weak κB sites operate through mass action- dependent binding mechanisms. Through proteomic analysis, we identified a range of nuclear factors, including various other TFs, interacting with RelA at these κB-sites. ChIP-seq, RNA-seq and phase- separated condensation analyses suggest these additional TFs, referred to as the cofactors of NF-κB, facilitate dynamic recruitment of NF-κB to clustered κB sites of specific target genes. Overall, our findings demonstrate the collective contribution of both strong and weak κB sites in occupancy of NF-κB at the promoters and enhancers, with the recruitment facilitated by a variety of cofactors. This congregation of multiple factors forming larger dynamic complexes appearing as a transcription condensate is likely to be common to all transcriptional programs.
Fashion issues in the columns of the magazine «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» (1924–1941)
Authors: Astaptseva Khrystyna
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The invasion of Ukraine by an aggressor country has emphasized the importance of Ukrainian identity and prompted a reassessment of Soviet Ukrainian fashion journalism, highlighting its distinctiveness and value globally.
Relevance of the study. This article examines Soviet women’s press, focusing on fashion, through Ukrainocentric and anti-Bolshevik perspectives. It aims to showcase Ukrainian fashion journalism during the early years of totalitarianism using «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» [«Peasant woman of Ukraine» / «Collective farmer of Ukraine»] as an example and identify unique features in fashion media.
Methodology. The study analyzes «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» from 1924 to 1941 using historicism, systematicity, socio-cultural analysis, and historical-anthropological approaches.
Results. It has been investigated that materials on fashion in «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» from 1924 to 1941 (52 issues out of 407) were categorized into genres including photo reports, articles, reviews, and practical guides. Topics covered: (1) standards of female beauty in the Ukrainian SSR; (2) handicraft production of clothing/fabrics; (3) clothing models and their manufacturing technology; (4) advice on dressing and caring for clothing; (5) cutting and sewing guides; (6) industrial clothing / fabric production; (7) propaganda of totalitarian fashion; (8) advertising of sewing equipment; (9) schemes for manual embellishment of clothing; (10) schools / courses of cutting and sewing.
Conclusions. The peculiarities of fashion coverage in «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» during the period of indigenization, collectivization, and at the beginning of World War II have been clarified. It has been revealed that despite «Selianka Ukrainy» / «Kolhospnytsia Ukrainy» primarily being a party tribune and the most ideologically engaged magazine among other press publications for women in Soviet Ukraine, the fashion issue aimed at the readership of rural areas was covered in small concentrations and filtered through the Bolshevik censorship in the columns of the magazine.
«The Call of the Ukraine» (1941–1942): shaping the image of Ukraine in the information space of East Asia
Authors: Drozdovska Olesia
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the attempts of the founders of the Ukrainian newspaper The Call of the Ukraine (Shanghai, 1941-1942) to form the image of Ukraine in the English-speaking information space of East Asia. The article examines the features of the presentation of Ukraine and the Ukrainian idea by the authors of this periodical.
Relevance of the study. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the Ukrainian foreign-language press, which was published outside the Ukrainian lands in the first half of the 20th century, still remains outside the active scientific discourse. The purpose of the article is to study the content of the newspaper The Call of the Ukraine as a promoter of Ukraine and a presenter of the aspirations and goals of the Ukrainian people in the English-speaking environment of East Asia.
Methodology. In order to study the problem, a set of general scientific and special research methods (historical and bibliographic method, historiographic, comparative, textual analysis, content analysis, etc.).
The results. It was found that the materials published in The Call of the Ukraine were aimed at forming the image of Ukraine as an independent (spiritually, politically, economically) state, as a subject of international relations, and Ukrainians as a self-sufficient nation with a rich historical past in the English-speaking environment of East Asia. The authors of the periodical emphasised the struggle of the Ukrainian nation for independence and the historical mission of the Ukrainian people in Eastern Europe.
Conclusions. The Call of the Ukraine is a short-term Ukrainian press project. The main task of this periodical is to present Ukraine in the English-speaking information field of Shanghai and East Asia in general. The study found that the texts published in the periodical are divided into six conditional groups according to their thematic focus: 1) the system of values of the Ukrainian people and its historical past; 2) political and social relations of Ukrainians with other nations; 3) economic potential of Ukraine; 4) crimes against humanity of the Russian communist regime on the territory of Ukraine; 5) the situation on Ukrainian lands in the realities of the German-Soviet war; 6) life of Ukrainian communities in Harbin and Shanghai. The results obtained are important for further research on the Ukrainian press in China in the first half of the twentieth century.
Functions and Problems of the Modern Ukrainian Literary Contests
Authors: Bondar Olha
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The basic functions and problems of the modern Ukrainian literary contests were drafted in this article. In Ukraine, the literary contests emerged in 1990th out of necessity to fill the national book market with books, written in the Ukrainian language. In the Ukrainian scientific discourse, they are still considered an advertising tool.
Relevance and goal. Since one function of the literary contests gets too much attention, while the others are ignored, that negatively affects its institutional stability. This explains the importance of paying attention to the other different functions, the complex of which supplies institutional stability in crisis periods. This study’s purpose is to outline the functions of modern Ukrainian literary contests and the main problems affecting their institutional stability.
Methodology. The results of the survey of the Ukrainian authors served as source data. Their answers were analyzed and systemized by statistical and content analysis methods.
The results. The results show that the literary contests as an institution, except for the informational and advertising functions, perform expressive and motivational functions. The literary contests can also form reading preferences, provide communications, and monitor the book market trends. There are unique functions that belong only to the literary contests whose subject of evaluation is unpublished works. As was found, they work as a mediator between authors and publishers, as literary agencies do. They also support the Ukrainian language by establishing strict language requirements for submitted works. Determined three groups of problems of literary contests that stop the development of their functions: 1) the problems related to organizing processes; 2) the problems related to judges; 3) the problems, which are not under the control of the institution.
Conclusions. Literary contests as an institution must maintain many different functions that are still not studied enough on the theoretical level. Their functions are also implemented not sufficiently on the practical level, which caused the institutional instability of the literary contests.
Paus Fransiskus dan Kepemimpinan Perempuan dalam Gereja Katolik
Authors: Widyawati Fransiska , Monteiro Yohanes Hans
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe position and leadership of women in the Catholic Church has been a long debate. The church is considered patriarchal because it stillmarginalizes women in ordination which allows women to become leaders in this institution. This article critically examines how the Church, especially Pope Francis, provides a place for women’s leadership in the Catholic Church. This researc employs literature study or library researchas its method. This study found that in the 10 years of his leadership, Pope Francis has provided open space for women in various aspects of Church leadership. He placed women in positions previously only given to men and clergy. However, in the aspect of ordination, Pope Francis still continues and upholds the old tradition of special ordination only for men. Regarding this, there are camps that are pro and there are those who are against. For those who are against it, Pope Francis and the Catholic Church are still considered to be gender biased in aspects of leadership. 
AbstrakPosisi dan kepemimpinan perempuan di dalam Gereja Katolik telah menjadi perdebatan yang panjang. Gereja dianggap patriarkat karenamasih memarginalkan perempuan dalam tahbisan yang memungkinkan perempuan menjadi pemimpin di dalam institusi ini. Artikel ini secara kritis mengkaji bagaimana posisi Gereja Katolik, khususnya Paus Fransiskus dalam memandang kepemimpinan dan tahbisan perempuan di dalam Gereja Katolik. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dalam 10 tahun kepemimpinannya Paus Fransiskus telah memberi ruang bagi perempuan dalam aneka aspek kepemimpinan Gereja. Ia menempatkan perempuan pada posisi yang sebelumnya hanya diberikan kepada laki-laki dan klerus. Namun, dalam aspek tahbisan, Paus Fransiskus masih melanjutkan dan menjunjung tradisi lama penahbisan khusus hanya bagi laki-laki. Terhadap hal ini, ada kubu yang pro dan ada yang kontra. Bagi yang kontra, Paus Fransiskus dan Gereja Katolik dianggap masih bias gender dalam aspek kepemimpinan.
Punitive Subjectivities and Emotions in Immigration Detention
Authors: Fernandez de la Reguera Alethia
Published: October 2024

In immigration detention centres, emotions run high; tensions, conflicts, anxiety, and affection occur amid bureaucratic procedures, paperwork, files, lists of people, systematisation of cases, buses that come and go with detainees, and people who will be deported. Although immigration detention belongs to administrative law, in practice, detention centres operate closer to penal detention. Little is known about the operation of these places in Mexico, including how punishment takes place in daily practice. Even less is known about the people who work there, especially the rationale and emotions behind their daily decisions and the different ways in which they collaborate with a system that promotes punishment as a central element of immigration detention. In this article, I study how fear and disgust are emotions embedded in institutional practices that reinforce punishment in immigration detention, while empathy can challenge it. I analyse working conditions and daily interactions in detention centres, immigration control facilities and their surroundings. I argue that immigration agents can develop punitive subjectivities to channel emotions derived from anxieties and frustrations of daily work, as well as to embrace a sense of institutional belonging and the illusion of order and control. However, border officers also show empathy towards migrants to cope with emotional distress and humanise their daily work. I intend to answer the questions in this paper: Under what institutional conditions do emotions become power in immigration detention settings? What do emotions reveal about the functioning of punishment in immigration detention centres? How do emotions expressed by INM agents (such as fear, disgust and empathy) enhance or challenge punitive subjectivities?
Dye Contaminant Removal: Adsorption on Thermoplastic Starch/Kraft Lignin Composites and Photodegradation
Authors: S. M. de Freitas Amanda , S. Rodrigues Jéssica , F. Amaro Stefanny , M. Ramos Beatriz , Ferreira Marystela
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the removal of contaminants in water by adsorption on thermoplastic starch (TPS) and kraft lignin (KL) composites. A study on the desorption of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) dyes in water was also carried out, followed by the photodegradation of solutions containing dissolved dyes. Initially, the surface morphology of the TPS and TPS-KL films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, revealing advantageous characteristics for efficient adsorption of contaminants. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis made it possible to characterize the TPS and TPS-KL composites. The results demonstrate the reversibility of the process and confirm the lack of permanent chemical modification in the polymer matrix, indicating that the adsorption/desorption process is physical rather than chemical. This suggests that the adsorbent material can be reused without losing its fundamental structural properties. Furthermore, the study allows for verification of the chemical changes on the surfaces of the materials involved. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) results show that for MO, both substrates exhibited low adsorption capacity, with efficiency values close to 20%. In contrast, for MB, both composite materials displayed excellent dye adsorption rates, achieving efficiencies of 78% or higher. The photodegradation of adsorbed dyes revealed promising results.
Examining Students’ Motivation to Continue Using AI-Chatbot for Academic Assignment
Authors: Sari Puspita Kencana , Ramadan Ferdhy , Murti Yusza Reditya
Published: October 2024

This study focuses on the motivations of engaged Indonesian university students who frequently utilize the AI-chatbot to assist them with their academic work. This research modifies Post-Acceptance of Information System Continue model with the ECT (Expectation Confirmation Theory) and TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) to explore constructs to determine what motivates students to continue using the emerging AI-chatbot, namely BING. The findings revealed a positive and substantial correlation between Perceived Information Quality (PEIQ), Confirmation (CON), Perceived Usefulness (PEU), Perceived Enjoyment (PEE), Satisfaction (SAT), and Continue Intention (COI). Confirmation (CON) has a significant impact on how usefulness and enjoyment BING is perceived, which influences Satisfaction and the decision to continue using BING. Confirmation (CON) and Perceived Ease of Use (PEEOU) have no clear correlation with Satisfaction (SAT). Some contributions are discussed in this study, both theoretically and practically.
Exploring the Potential Mechanisms of Danshen for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis based on Serum Pharmacochemistry, Gene Expression
Profiling, and Network Pharmacology: Regulation of Cell Apoptosis and Inflammatory Response
Authors: Zhai Run-Xiang , Wang Meng-Yu , Du Hai-Tao , Yan Chun-Xiao , Li Zi-Wei , Xu Kuo , Li Hui , Fu Xian-Jun , Ren Xia
Published: October 2024

Background:

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Danshen shows potential efficacy
for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the bioactive components and mode of action were
unclear.

Aim of this Study:

This paper uses a combination of network pharmacology, serum medicinal
chemistry, and gene expression profiling to clarify its possible molecular mechanism of action
and material basis.

Methods:

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was
utilized to analyze the herbal components and metabolites from the serum of Danshen-treated
mice. Gene expression profiles were applied to construct a database of Danshen action targets.
Then, active ingredient-target-biological functional module networks were constructed to analyze
the mechanism of action. Molecular docking has further confirmed the possibility of its
components to the targets.

Results:

As a result, 193 common targets between 1684 Danshen-related DEGs and 1492 UC
targets were determined as the potential targets for Danshen in treatment with UC. Serum
pharmacochemistry and target prediction showed that 22 components in serum acted on
777 targets. Intersection with common targets yielded 46 core targets, and an active ingredienttarget-
biological functional module network was constructed for analysis. Network prediction
and molecular docking results showed that the main action modules were inflammatory response
and cell apoptosis, which mainly acted on targets SRC, RELA, HSP90AA1, CTNNB1,
STAT3, and CASP3. The main components of Danshen intervention in UC were predicted to
include Catechol, 3,9-Dimethoxypterocarpan, 8-Prenylnaringenin, Isoferulic acid, Salvianolic
acid C, and Danshensu.

result:

As a result, 193 common targets between 1684 Danshen-related DEGs and 1492 UC targets were determined as the potential targets for Danshen in treatment with UC. Serum pharmacochemistry and target prediction showed that 22 components in serum acted on 777 targets. Intersection with common targets yielded 46 core targets, and an active ingredient-target-biological functional module network was constructed for analysis. Network prediction and molecular docking results showed that the main action modules were inflammatory response and cell apoptosis, which mainly acted on targets SRC, RELA, HSP90AA1, CTNNB1, STAT3, and CASP3. The main components of Danshen intervention in UC were predicted to include Catechol, 3,9-Dimethoxypterocarpan, 8-Prenylnaringenin, Isoferulic acid, Salvianolic acid C, and Danshensu. The present study provides a scientific foundation for further explicating the mechanisms of Danshen against UC.

Conclusion:

The present study provides a scientific foundation for further explicating the
mechanisms of Danshen against UC.
Prediction of Chemistry of Cocrystallization and its Realistic Impact on the Enhancement of Solubility and Dissolution of Telmisartan: Molecular mechanics, ab initio and Descriptor Analysis
Authors: Chakraborty Santanu , Dhibar Manami , Basak Souvik , Abourehab Mohammad A.S.
Published: October 2024

Background:

Cocrystal engineering of Telmisartan (TEL, a poorly soluble antihypertensive
agent) has been undertaken to improve its solubility for the last few years. However, apart from
a few handpicked attempts, none of the attempts have been able to improve its solubility by more
than 3-5 fold and augment its dissolution by more than 80%.

Method:

Addressing these shortcomings, herein, we have designed a novel Telmisartan-maleic acid
(TM) cocrystal first by rational modelling with solvent-induced molecular mechanics (SIMM), ab
initio based system optimization, descriptor analysis, and finally translating to cocrystals by wet
grinding-gradient solvent evaporation method.

Results:

Modelling revealed that binary solvent compared to single solvent imparted critical dynamics
to seeding the co-crystallite and its structural archipelago. From single solvent to binary solvent,
hydrogen bonding to nucleophilic addition of the coformer/s to the central ring revealed a crucial
role in assigning the system geometry. The molecular descriptor plot of the generated subsystems
(optimized by HF-SCF/def2-SVP method) showed that telmisartan: maleic acid molar ratio <=1:2
under ionizable conditions bear optimum hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity balance. Tonto-guided energy
calculation revealed O--H and H--H as the predominant interactions for the crystal packing.

Conclusion:

In translational research, our designed TM cocrystal (molar ratio 1:1.5 to 1:2, binary
solvent dynamics) exhibited solubility improvement by more than 9 fold in water and showed to
release about 92.19% of drugs within 2h (120 min), which superseded the previous reports in this
field so far.