bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE IDEA OF HISTORICAL AND THE THEORY OF NATURAL LAW IN THE TEACHING OF F.K. SAVIGNY
Authors: Денисов А.М. , Комаров А.С. , Масленников Д.В.
Published: September 2021

В статье анализируется принцип историзма, введенный Ф.К. фон Савиньи в правовую науку, что позволило ему максимально сблизить естественное право и позитивное право, которые он трактовал как два момента исторического развития «всеобщего народного духа» и народного правосознания. Автор доказывает, что иррационализм Ф.К. фон Савиньи, распространенный на системообразующее понятие «народного духа», является следствием ограниченности его методологических возможностей в теоретической сфере.

The article analyzes the principle of historicism introduced by F.K. von Savigny into legal science, which allowed him to bring natural law and positive law as close as possible, which he interpreted as two moments in the historical development of the "general popular spirit" and popular legal consciousness. The author proves that the irrationalism of F.K. von Savigny, extended to the system-forming concept of "folk spirit", is a consequence of the limited methodological capabilities in the theoretical sphere.
GUARANTEES OF PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS OF CONSUMED
Authors: Тюменев А.В. , Михайлов Д.Е.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются гарантии защиты основных прав и свобод осужденных. Автор проводит анализ понятия «гарантии прав и свобод человека», предлагает его авторское определение, раскрывает основные виды гарантий, а также предлагает меры, направленные на их совершенствование

The article deals with the guarantees of protection of the fundamental rights and freedoms of convicts. The author analyzes the concept of «guarantees of human rights and freedoms», offers its author's definition, reveals the main types of guarantees, and also suggests measures aimed at their improvement.
FEATURES OF THE RELATIONSHIP, INTERACTION AND CONTRADICTIONS OF LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY IN SOME COUNTRIES OF THE ROMANO-GERMANIC LEGAL FAMILY
Authors: Кузьмин И.А.
Published: September 2021

В статье приводятся промежуточные результаты исследования в области системы юридической ответственности стран континентального права. Дана общая характеристика романо-германской правовой семьи. Сформулированы общетеоретические положения относительно специфики закрепления и динамике юридической ответственности в странах континентального права. Приводятся правовые позиции публичных органов России по вопросу о месте и роли судебного прецедента в механизме реализации ответственности. Названы особенности системы юридической ответственности в отдельных странах исследуемой правовой семьи (Германии, Франции, Австрии).

Тhe article presents the interim results of research in the field of the system of legal liability of countries of continental law. The general characteristic of the Romano-Germanic legal family is given. General theoretical provisions regarding the specifics of consolidation and dynamics of legal liability in the countries of continental law have been formulated. The legal positions of the public authorities of Russia on the place and role of the judicial precedent in the mechanism of liability realization are given. The features of the system of legal liability in individual countries of the studied legal family (Germany, France, Austria) are named.
A AVIFAUNA COMO ELEMENTO PARA SENSIBILIZAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Oliveira Adriane Dall Acqua de , Pilatti Luiz Alberto , Bertoni Danislei , Antiqueira Lia Maris Orth Ritter
Published: September 2021

Na experiência aqui relatada, a avifauna foi utilizada como um elemento de sensibilização ambiental no contexto de uma escola de periferia, situada dentro de uma fazenda em Ponta Grossa PR. Aproveitando a biodiversidade do espaço e norteados pelas premissas de uma abordagem focada em elementos de sustentabilidade, focamos em trabalhar com os alunos do ensino fundamental as espécies de aves frequentadoras do local. Para tanto utilizamos como ferramentas a pesquisa bibliográfica e três aplicativos de disponibilização gratuita.  Por meio de observação das aves e interação com os aplicativos, os alunos identificaram as espécies avistadas, suas características, importância ecológica, hábitos e comportamentos. As atividades desenvolvidas ao longo do projeto contaram com a participação de bolsistas do Programa Residência Pedagógica CAPES, que auxiliaram em todas as etapas de atividades e revezaram-se com grupos de alunos, mostrando a importância dos programas de formação de professores em parceria com a escola básica e dos processos de docência compartilhada. Percebemos que as atividades desenvolvidas sensibilizaram os alunos para questões de Sustentabilidade, percebendo o ambiente e interagindo com o meio na busca do conhecimento científico aplicado à sua realidade, contemplando conceitos de Ciência, Tecnologia, Sociedade e Ambiente pautados na alfabetização científica.
ÁREAS PERMEÁVEIS E O USO SUSTENTAVEL DE RECURSOS HIDRÍCOS EM CASCAVEL, PARANÁ, BRASIL.
Authors: Mazzuco Sandri Leticia , Ribeiro Ana Cristina , Camargo Rafaelle dos Santos , Larentis Crislei , Delariva Rosilene Luciana
Published: September 2021

Resumo: A água é um recurso essencial para a sobrevivência e desenvolvimento econômico. Entretanto, o cenário atual é preocupante em relação à segurança hídrica especialmente em áreas urbanas em função da alta demanda, elevada impermeabilização do solo e lixiviação de poluentes. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desse trabalho foi mapear os corpos hídricos presentes dentro do perímetro urbano da cidade de Cascavel e avaliar as proporções de áreas permeáveis e impermeáveis. Para calcular o uso do solo foi utilizado o software de geoprocessamento QGIS. Cascavel abrange três grandes bacias hidrográficas paranaenses (Piquiri, Ivai e Paraná III) e conta com quatro rios e seis córregos dentro dos limites urbanos, o qual possui uso do solo predominantemente impermeável (82,5 km2). As áreas permeáveis (17,1 km2) se encontraram associadas a parques e áreas de vegetação ciliar, onde a bacia do rio Cascavel se destacou por possuir grande área de vegetação. O rio Cascavel é o principal manancial de abastecimento urbano e devido a elevada demanda de água e condições climáticas adversas, o município tem enfrentado grave crise hídrica. Medidas como a implantação de áreas de proteção como parques lineares, calçadas ecológicas, jardins de chuva, contenção de assoreamento e educação para uso racional da água são urgentes para preservar a segurança hídrica.
NÍVEL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL SUSTENTÁVEL NA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR POR MEIO DA METODOLOGIA MADERUS
Authors: Dalbello Liliane , Brenzan Cinara Kottwitz Manzano , Xavier Marcio Pizzete , De Oliveira João Victor Alvaia , Zonin Wilson João
Published: September 2021

Resumo: O artigo tem como objetivo identificar o nível do desenvolvimento rural sustentável de uma propriedade caracterizada como agricultura familiar. Ao deparar com as dimensões econômicas, ambientais e sociais que alicerçam a sustentabilidade, se faz necessário conhecer como se comportam na realidade do pequeno produtor, grande fornecedor de alimentos. O uso de novas metodologias que pontuam minuciosamente as variáveis que indicam pontos críticos pode servir como partida para se planejar metas para manter forças e oportunidades, solucionando as ameaças e fraquezas na luta do agricultor familiar para conduzir sua sustentabilidade. A metodologia utilizada é a MADERUS, foi validada no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável da Unioeste em 2019 por Hein e Silva. Foram analisadas 33 variáveis dentro das dimensões social, ambiental e econômica. A propriedade familiar teve seu cenário rural monitorado pela MADERUS obtendo como resultado o nível de 8,72, na escala entre 0 e 10, o que demonstra alto nível de desenvolvimento rural sustentável, tal resultado é visível na realidade vivida na propriedade. As demais variáveis mostram-se fortes, ressalvado as limitações de qualquer metodologia que sistematize realidades complexas. Sugere-se a MADERUS para monitoramento da sustentabilidade da agricultura familiar, antes e depois de decisões para identificar fragilidades entre as dimensões.
O CRÉDITO RURAL E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DOS PRODUTORES RURAIS DO MUNICÍPIO DE DIAMANTE DO SUL-PR
Authors: Nepomoceno Taiane Aparecida Ribeiro , Ferreira Jean Carlos
Published: September 2021

O crédito rural é um elemento importante para o financiamento do sistema agrícola no território brasileiro. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o nível de utilização dos recursos de crédito rural para o desenvolvimento dos produtores rurais no município de Diamante do Sul-PR. Este estudo adotou o caráter documental e descritivo, caracterizando-se como quantitativo de cunho exploratório. A coleta de dados foi realizada em fontes secundárias, de órgãos tais, como: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Banco Central do Brasil, Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, e em relatórios oficiais da prefeitura municipal. Constatou-se que o nível de utilização do crédito rural para o desenvolvimento de produtores rurais do município em análise apresentou um crescimento total de 90,45%, no decorrer dos últimos 7 anos. Nos anos de 2017, 2018 e 2019, a demanda de crédito rural para a pecuária teve um decréscimo de 20%, enquanto a demanda para a atividade agrícola apresentou crescimento. Também se identificou um incremento no montante de crédito rural para fins de custeio. Para a finalidade de investimento, houve redução dos recursos no triênio analisado. Assim, o crédito rural no município, vem auxiliando no desenvolvimento das atividades econômicas e produtivas rurais, contribuindo, com o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar.
The Effects of Parenting Styles on Sex-Role Ideologies of Pru West Senior High Students
Authors: Adangabe Amos Amuribadek , Gideon Ankama Mensah , Inkoom Daniel , Emmanuella Dogbey Alice
Published: September 2021

No two parents view things in the same way when it comes to raising their children. In this light, the current study attempted to establish a link between parenting methods and gender role ideas. This study used a correlational research design. We selected 300 individuals from a population of 1480 using stratified and simple random selection procedures. The participants’ parenting styles were assessed using Buri’s (1991) Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), and their sex role beliefs were assessed using Williams and Best’s Sex-Role Ideology Scale (SRIS) (1990). Moment of Pearson-Product Correlation was used to determine the relationship between parenting methods and sex role ideology, while regression was utilised to determine the variables’ predictions. It was discovered that parenting techniques had no effect on the participants’ sex-role ideas. Individuals with an authoritative parenting style, on the other hand, were more likely to develop a more modern sex-role ideology, whereas those with an authoritarian parenting style developed a more conventional sex-role ideology. Additionally, both sex and religion predicted modern and traditional sex-role ideas, respectively. Tribe anticipated an authoritative parenting style without regard for either permissive or authoritarian parenting methods. The study recommends that because parenting styles are related to sex-role ideology, guidance and counselling coordinators should place a premium on the most effective parenting style in order to help students develop an acceptable sex role ideology.
Conflictos socioambientales y complejidad
Authors: Arce Rodrigo
Published: September 2021

El propósito de este artículo es contribuir a la comprensión de las relaciones entre los conflictos y la complejidad desde la perspectiva de las ciencias de la complejidad. Para el efecto se realizó una investigación bibliográfica crítica que se suma a la expe­riencia del autor en procesos de diálogo y transformación de conflictos en contextos de industrias extractivas. El artículo tiene carácter reflexivo y propositivo. El ámbito de investigación corresponde al Perú pero tiene alcances Latinoamericanos en tanto se comparte mayoritariamente el modelo económico neoliberal.
Las organizaciones inteligentes son organizaciones que saben de complejidad
Authors: Maldonado Carlos Eduardo
Published: September 2021

El institucionalismo y el institucionalismo constituyen manifiestos signos de una profunda crisis sistémica y sistemática; institucionalismo y neoinstitucionalismo político, económico, sociológico y otros. Dicho de manera puntual, las instituciones, de cualquier tipo, corte, color o matiz, son entes autorreferenciales: sólo saben de sí mismas, y sólo se quieren a sí mismas. La autorreferencialidad es la expresión abstracta de un craso error lógico: la tautología. A su vez, un error lógico no es otra cosa que una equivocación en una forma de vida. Precisamente las instituciones han dado en definirse a sí mismas en términos de Misión, Visión, Objetivos, Estrategia, Liderazgo, Himno, Bandera y otros artilugios. Como ya lo advirtiera muy tempranamente un sociólogo (Coser, 1999), las instituciones son voraces.
SUSTENTABILIDADE E INTERFACES COM A INTEGRALIZAÃO DO PODER DE POLICIA ADMINISTRATIVA INDUTOR DE PRESERVAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Johann Lieges Schwendler , Dezordi Sadiomar Antônio , Winckler Silvana Terezinha , Pereira Reginaldo
Published: September 2021

Introdução: A sustentabilidade que prevê como seu instrumento o desenvolvimento sustentável para alcance de suas oito dimensões: a social, cultural, ecológica, ambiental, territorial, econômica, política internacional e política nacional, é a fonte inspiradora para que o Estado Democrático de Direito - EDD alcance sustentável efetividade, ou seja, constituindo o Estado de Direito Ambiental – EDA. Tal já é está nos fundamentos da CF/88, especial no art. 225, no direito humano fundamental ao equilibrio ecológico e à sadia qualidade de vida. Na concepção do EDA, alicerçado no valor-base da sustentabilidade, o Direito Administrativo se apresenta forte para regulamentar e instrumentalizar a Ordem Pública Ambiental no conjunto harmonioso de princípios jurídicos a regular órgãos, agentes, atividades e políticas públicas aos fins sustentáveis do Estado. Objetivo: Apresentar a atuação administrativa e resultados da Polícia Militar Ambiental catarinense (PMA), à presevação ambiental em interface com a sustentabilidade. Material e métodos: Análise legislativa e bibliográfica, associada a estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa. Resultados: Do exposto e sopesando os objetivos da CF/88, leis infraconstitucionais, em especial da Lei fed. nº 6.938/81 (Política Nacional de Meio Ambiente), Lei. Fed. nº 9.784/99, Lei. Fed. nº 9.605/98, com seu Dec. Regulamentador nº 6.514/08, e a LC nº 140/11, Dec. Est. SC nº 10.017/91 e Lei Est. SC. nº 14.675/09, Dec. Est. SC nº 2.954/10, associados a atuação e resultados, a exemplo das demandas de atendimentos de ocorrência do recorte de 2011/2015 da PMA, totalizando 152.514 casos (36% flora, 25% fauna, 15% pesca, 12% poluições, etc.), extrai-se que apenas 12% requereu sanção de polícia. Da fiscalização de flora, cerca de 40% das autuações com áreas degradadas, que as normativas priorizam a recuperação/reparação do dano ambiental (a ex. da Lei Fed. 11.428/06), e o processo administrativo de fiscalização ambiental contempla variadas medidas de efetividade, inclusive com termo de compromisso para tanto. Conclusão: Obtidos desideratos como assente nos resultados, vê-se que atuação administrativa da PMA catarinense, assenta medida de sustentabilidade ao encontro das interfaces da sustentabilidade e indutoras de preservação ambiental.
RECURSOS VEGETAIS DA MATA ATLÂNTICA E O VALOR DE USO DAS ESPÉCIES MEDICINAIS
Authors: Dorigon Elisangela Bini , Tomazi Danieli , Bedin Marluci , Almeida Silvia Mara Zanela
Published: September 2021

Introdução: Desde os primórdios até o presente momento observa-se que a utilização de plantas medicinais como forma alternativa para tratamentos, traz benefícios significativos à saúde. Assim, o valor de uso das plantas medicinais é relacionado à adaptação que cada espécie possui para desenvolver-se no ambiente cultivado. Objetivo: Logo, o objetivo é verificar o valor de uso das espécies medicinais utilizadas na região oeste catarinense, nativas da mata Atlântica. Material e Métodos: A entrevista com 190 coletas válidas ocorreu por meio de um questionário on-line, disponibilizado nas redes sociais à população, mediante a aprovação do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa. Com os dados planilhados no Excel, o cálculo do valor de uso das espécies nativas da região foi realizado a partir da fórmula de Phillips (1993) UVis=∑Usi/nis, considerando o mínimo de informantes em relação a cada espécie dividido pelo total de informantes, caracterizado pelo escore de 0 a 1. Resultados: Os resultados apresentaram que as espécies com maiores valores de uso na região oeste de Santa Catarina são: Matricaria chamomilla (0,421), Achyrocline satureioides (0,326), Melissa officinalis (0,305), Mentha piperita (0,237), Peumus boldus molina (0,174), Maytenus ilicifolia (0,126), Zingiber officinalis (0,084), Malva silvestres (0,079), Rosmarinus officinalis (0,068) e Salvia officinalis (0,068). Dessas, destacam-se como nativas da mata Atlântica a Achyrocline satureioides e a Maytenus ilicifolia, mais conhecidas como “marcela” e “espinheira-santa”, respectivamente. Ainda, conforme o valor de uso e pertencente aos nativos da mata Atlântica, destaca-se o “guaco”, Mikania glomerata (0,032). A mata Atlântica tem domínio em todo o estado catarinense e por isso, abriga uma diversidade exuberante de recursos vegetais. A “marcela” é uma planta herbácea consagrada principalmente na região Sul do Brasil com o amplo uso na medicina tradicional devido às crenças locais. a “espinheira-santa” bastante explorada para fins de tratamentos alternativos pela sua numerosidade em terreno brasileiro. Conclusão: Portanto, o estudo sobre as plantas medicinais nativas da mata Atlântica e o valor de uso de cada espécie na região oeste catarinense, proporciona conhecimento quanto a eficácia do cultivo proposital para possíveis tratamentos alternativos à saúde humana.
AVALIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS SOBRE O TEMA SERVIÇOS ECOSSISTÊMICOS
Authors: Alves Maria Liliane dos Santos , Fabricante Juliano Ricardo
Published: September 2021

Introdução: Os serviços ecossistêmicos são benefícios fornecidos pela natureza aos seres humanos. Eles são extremamente importantes por proporciona o bem-estar e qualidade de vida. Objetivos: Avaliar o conhecimento de jovens e adultos sobre o tema serviços ecossistêmicos. Material e Métodos: Foi aplicado um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas sobre a importância dos serviços ecossistêmicos através do Google Formulários. Resultados: No total foram 159 entrevistados. A maioria eram jovens com idade entre 18 e 24 anos (44%) e eram do sexo feminino (59,1%). Perguntado quais dos serviços eram prestados pelas abelhas, a maioria respondeu que elas auxiliam na reprodução de plantas (91,2%), fornecem mel (89,3%), ajudam a manter a saúde dos ecossistemas (74,8%) e auxiliam na produção de verduras, frutas e sementes (71,7%). 81,8% dos entrevistados disseram que não usariam produtos químicos se fosse agricultor. Sobre o efeito positivo da polinização, 79,2% responderam que aumenta a produção de frutas em laranjeiras, 71,1% que aumenta o número de sementes e 37,1% que aumenta o peso dos frutos. Perguntado quais serviços ecossistêmicos são prestados pelas árvores, 85,5% responderam que elas sequestram carbono e 73% que removem poluentes. 93,7% dos entrevistados acreditam que um hectare de floresta preservada vale mais do que de milho, de eucalipto e de abobora. Cerca de 40% acreditam que o valor anual estimado para os serviços prestados pelos ecossistemas no mundo vale 100 trilhões de dólares. Os entrevistados ainda relacionaram a recreação em ambientes naturais ao serviço cultural (76,7%), o controle biológico de pragas e doenças ao serviço de regulação (72,3%), alimentos (frutas e verduras) ao serviço de provisão (77,9%), a estabilização de dunas ao serviço de suporte (42,7%), sombreamento e controle térmico ao serviço de regulação (62,2%), a absorção dos impactos das ondas do mar ao serviço de regulação (44,6%), a produção de energia ao serviço de provisão (59,1%), a produção de oxigênio ao serviço de provisão (61%). Conclusão: Nossos resultados sugerem que a maioria dos entrevistados sabe da importância dos serviços ecossistêmicos e de questões relacionadas a ele.
ESTUDO SOCIOAMBIENTAL DA COMUNIDADE DO BURITIZAL, ARQUIPÉLAGO DO BAILIQUE, AMAZÔNIA AMAPAENSE
Authors: Viana Ana Beatriz Aragão , Gomes Raimunda Kelly Silva , Ferreira Robson Da Costa
Published: September 2021

Introdução: Os povos e comunidades tradicionais da Amazônia são homens e mulheres possuidores de riquezas de costumes, crenças, saberes culturais, sobrevivência e interações direta com a natureza, todavia, apesar de sua grande diversidade, são vítimas da exclusão social, cognitiva e institucional. Tendo em vista a promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável, devemos deixar de lado o pensamento de que o desenvolvimento está exclusivamente ligado ao meio ambiente, e considerar que a diversidade cultural e biodiversidade estão correlacionados de modo sinergético e interdependente, tanto em debates teóricos quanto em programas práticos, que muitas vezes são desconsiderados e mascarados em sua relação de interdependência. Neste sentido, é imperativa a necessidade de se ampliar o conhecimento de sustentabilidade, incluindo os saberes culturais e assumindo a postura de que a conservação da biodiversidade só será possível com a participação das comunidades tradicionais. Objetivos: A pesquisa objetivou-se em compreender as relações socioambientais e seus reflexos no cotidiano dessa população ribeirinha, na comunidade do Buritizal, localizada no Arquipélago do Bailique, situada no município de Macapá-AP, nas proximidades da Foz do Rio Amazonas com o Oceano Atlântico. Materiais e Métodos: A metodologia, pautou-se em um estudo de caso, em uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, desenvolvida em três etapas: 1) Estudo bibliográfico; 2) levantamento de questionários; 3) análise e discussões de dados. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram que o nível de escolaridade dos moradores é relativamente razoável, considerando as dificuldades na área da educação. A maioria das famílias apresentam renda baixa. A comunidade carece de serviços de saneamento básico fornecidos pelo poder público, afetando a qualidade de vida dos moradores. Em questões ambientais a comunidade sofre com as grandes pressões de erosão e assoreamento, que avança a cada dia em toda região do arquipélago, devido à sua localização entre o rio Amazonas e o oceano Atlântico. O cenário ambiental existente na comunidade Buritizal possui problemáticas vigentes. Conclusão: Todavia, os moradores possuem um Protocolo comunitário que busca a melhoria da vida da população local, valorizando a cultura ribeirinha tradicional na Amazônia e sua diversidade, buscando o desenvolvimento econômico com os produtos nativos da região, respeitando a relação entre preservação social e ambiental da comunidade.
Introducing the Viewpoint in the Resource Description using Machine Learning
Authors: Djama Ouahiba
Published: September 2021

Search engines allow providing the user with data and information according to their interests and specialty. Thus, it is necessary to exploit descriptions of the resources, which take into consideration viewpoints. Generally, the resource descriptions are available in RDF (e.g., DBPedia of Wikipedia content). However, these descriptions do not take into consideration viewpoints. In this paper, we propose a new approach, which allows converting a classic RDF resource description to a resource description that takes into consideration viewpoints. To detect viewpoints in the document, a machine learning technique will be exploited on an instanced ontology. This latter allows representing the viewpoint in a given domain. An experimental study shows that the conversion of the classic RDF resource description to a resource description that takes into consideration viewpoints, allows giving very relevant responses to the user’s requests.
An Intelligent Drone System to Automate the Avoidance of Collison using AI and Computer Vision Techniques
Authors: Zhang Steven , Sun Yu
Published: September 2021

People love to fly drones, but unfortunately many end up crashing or losing them. As the technology of flying drones improves, more people are getting involved. With the number of users increasing, people find that flying drones with sensors is safer because it can automatically avoid problems, but such drones are expensive. This paper describes an inexpensive UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) system that eliminates the need for sensors and uses only the camera to avoid collisions. This program helps avoid drone crashes and losses. We used the Tello Education drone as our testing drone, which is only outfitted with a camera. Using the camera feed and transmitting that data to the program, the program will then give commands to the drone to avoid collisions.
Dealing Crisis Management using AI
Authors: Wong Yew Kee
Published: September 2021

Artificial intelligence has been a buzz word that is impacting every industry in the world. With the rise of such advanced technology, there will be always a question regarding its impact on our social life, environment and economy thus impacting all efforts exerted towards sustainable development. In the information era, enormous amounts of data have become available on hand to decision makers. Big data refers to datasets that are not only big, but also high in variety and velocity, which makes them difficult to handle using traditional tools and techniques. Due to the rapid growth of such data, solutions need to be studied and provided in order to handle and extract value and knowledge from these datasets for different industries and business operations. Numerous use cases have shown that AI can ensure an effective supply of information to citizens, users and customers in times of crisis. This paper aims to analyse some of the different methods and scenario which can be applied to AI and big data, as well as the opportunities provided by the application in various business operations and crisis management domains.
DMC: Decentralized Mixer with Channel for Transaction Privacy Protection on Ethereum
Authors: Liu Su , Wang Jian
Published: September 2021

Ethereum is a public blockchain platform with smart contract. However, it has transaction privacy issues due to the openness of the underlying ledger. Decentralized mixing schemes are presented to hide transaction relationship and transferred amount, but suffer from high transaction cost and long transaction latency. To overcome the two challenges, we propose the idea of batch accounting, adopting batch processing at the time of accounting. For further realization, we introduce payment channel technology into decentralized mixer. Since intermediate transactions between two parties do not need network consensus, our scheme can reduce both transaction cost and transaction latency. Moreover, we provide informal definitions and proofs of our scheme's security. Finally, our scheme is implemented based on zk-SNARKs and Ganache, and experimental results show that the higher number of transactions in batch, the better our scheme performs.
An Anxiety and Stress Reducing Platform based on Minigames and Emotional Release using Machine Learning and Big Data Analysis
Authors: Gong Selina , Morris John , Sun Yu
Published: September 2021

Today’s students are faced with stress and anxiety as a result of school or work life and have added pressure from social media and technology. Stress is heavily related to many symptoms of depression such as irritability or difficulty with concentration as well as symptoms of anxiety like restlessness or feeling tired. Some of these students are able to find a healthy outlet for stress, however other students may not be able to. We have created a program where students will be able to destress and explore their emotions with the help of suggestions from our system based on previously explored thoughts. Our program uses machine learning to help students get the most effective stress relief by suggesting different mental health exercises to try based on input given by the user and provides emotional comfort based on the user’s preferences.
An Automated Analytics Engine for College Program Selection using Machine Learning and Big Data Analysis
Authors: Yu Jinhui , Luan Xinyu , Sun Yu
Published: September 2021

Because of the differences in the structure and content of each website, it is often difficult for international applicants to obtain the application information of each school in time. They need to spend a lot of time manually collecting and sorting information. Especially when the information of the school may be constantly updated, the information may become very inaccurate for international applicants. we designed a tool including three main steps to solve the problem: crawling links, processing web pages, and building my pages. In compiling languages, we mainly use Python and store the crawled data in JSON format [4]. In the process of crawling links, we mainly used beautiful soup to parse HTML and designed crawler. In this paper, we use Python language to design a system. First, we use the crawler method to fetch all the links related to the admission information on the school's official website. Then we traverse these links, and use the noise_remove [5] method to process their corresponding page contents, so as to further narrow the scope of effective information and save these processed contents in the JSON files. Finally, we use the Flask framework to integrate these contents into my front-end page conveniently and efficiently, so that it has the complete function of integrating and displaying information.
Prediction of Vaccination Side-Effects using Deep Learning
Authors: Uz Zaman Farhan , Rahman Siam Tanvinur , Nayen Zulker
Published: September 2021

Deep learning has been very successful in the field of research which includes predictions. In this paper, one such prediction is discussed which can help to implement safe vaccination. Vaccination is very important in order to fight viral diseases such as covid-19. However, people at times have to go through unwanted side effects of the vaccinations which might often cause serious illness. Therefore, modern techniques are to be utilised for safe implementations of vaccines. In this research, Gated Recurrent Unit, GRU, which is a form of Recurrent Neural Network is used to predict whether a particular vaccine will have any side effect on a particular patient. The extracted predictions might be used before deciding whether a vaccine should be injected to a particular person or not.
Online Assessment of English for Specific Purposes
Authors: Nagy Renáta , Warta Dr. Vilmos
Published: September 2021

The study is about the questions of online assessment of English for Specific Purposes. The focus is on online assessment as a possible future form of language testing which truly has a huge importance hence today’s situation around the globe. It can unquestionably be used as a perspective in a vast array of contents The study is innovative and its main aim is to uncover the intriguing questions and issues of online testing and to enlighten the candidates and professional assessors about the advantages and disadvantages of online testing. A thorough experimental process is currently being implemented involving a process that includes an online questionnaire completed by English and Hungarian students at the Medical School of the University of Pécs. Material and methods include already completed surveys, which will be followed by needs analysis and trial versions of online tests. These surveys do not only question future candidates but also assessors in order to find both perspectives of needs and wants. These include the aspects of tasks, content, skills, technology and others.
Low-Resource Named Entity Recognition without Human Annotation
Authors: Bao Zhenshan , Wang Yuezhang , Zhang Wenbo
Published: September 2021

Most existing approaches to named entity recognition (NER) rely on a large amount of highquality annotations or a more complete specific entity lists. However, in practice, it is very expensive to obtain manually annotated data, and the list of entities that can be used is often not comprehensive. Using the entity list to automatically annotate data is a common annotation method, but the automatically annotated data is usually not perfect under low-resource conditions, including incomplete annotation data or non-annotated data. In this paper, we propose a NER system for complex data processing, which could use an entity list containing only a few entities to obtain incomplete annotation data, and train the NER model without human annotation. Our system extracts semantic features from a small number of samples by introducing a pre-trained language model. Based on the incomplete annotations model, we relabel the data using a cross-iteration approach. We use the data filtering method to filter the training data used in the iteration process, and re-annotate the incomplete data through multiple iterations to obtain high-quality data. Each iteration will do corresponding grouping and processing according to different types of annotations, which can improve the model performance faster and reduce the number of iterations. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed system can effectively perform low-resource NER tasks without human annotation.
Online Obstructive Sleep Apnea Detection Based on Hybrid Machine Learning and Classifier Combination for Home-Based Applications
Authors: Ghandeharioun Hosna
Published: September 2021

Automatic detection of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is in great demand. OSA is one of the most prevalent diseases of the current century and established comorbidity to Covid-19. OSA is characterized by complete or relative breathing pauses during sleep. According to medical observations, if OSA remained unrecognized and un-treated, it may lead to physical and mental complications. The gold standard of scoring OSA severity is the time-consuming and expensive method of polysomnography (PSG). The idea of online home-based surveillance of OSA is welcome. It serves as an effective way for spurred detection and reference of patients to sleep clinics. In addition, it can perform automatic control of the therapeutic/assistive devices. In this paper, several configurations for online OSA detection are proposed. The best configuration uses both ECG and SpO2 signals for feature extraction and MI analysis for feature reduction. Various methods of supervised machine learning are exploited for classification. Finally, to reach the best result, the most successful classifiers in sensitivity and specificity are combined in groups of three members with four different combination methods. The proposed method has advantages like limited use of biological signals, automatic detection, online working scheme, and uniform and acceptable performance (over 85%) in all the employed databases. These advantages have not been integrated in previous published methods.
Deep Learning for Identifying Malicious Firmware
Authors: Noever David , Noever Samantha E. Miller
Published: September 2021

A malicious firmware update may prove devastating to the embedded devices both that make up the Internet of Things (IoT) and alsothat typically lack the same security verifications now applied to full operating systems. This work converts the binary headers of 40,000 firmware examples from bytes into 1024-pixel thumbnail images to train a deep neural network. The aim is to distinguish benign and malicious variants using modern deep learning methods without needing detailed functional or forensic analysis tools. One outcome of this image conversion enables contact with the vast machine learning literature already applied to handle digit recognition (MNIST). Another result indicates that greater than 90% accurate classifications prove possible using image-based convolutional neural networks (CNN) when combined with transfer learning methods. The envisioned CNN application would intercept firmware updates before their distribution to IoT networks and score their likelihood of containing malicious variants.
Development of an Autism Screening Classification Model for Toddlers
Authors: Saihi Afef , Alshraideh Hussam
Published: September 2021

Autism spectrum disorder ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with challenges in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors. Getting a clear diagnosis for a child is necessary for starting early intervention and having access to therapy services. However, there are many barriers that hinder the screening of these kids for autism at an early stage which might delay further the access to therapeutic interventions. One promising direction for improving the efficiency and accuracy of ASD detection in toddlers is the use of machine learning techniques to build classifiers that serve the purpose. This paper contributes to this area and uses the data developed by Dr. Fadi Fayez Thabtah to train and test various machine learning classifiers for the early ASD screening. Based on various attributes, three models have been trained and compared which are Decision tree C4.5, Random Forest, and Neural Network. The three models provided very good accuracies based on testing data, however, it is the Neural Network that outperformed the other two models. This work contributes to the early screening of toddlers by helping identify those who have ASD traits and should pursue formal clinical diagnosis.
Aliasing Free For Mixed Spectra for Stable Processes
Authors: Sabre Rachid
Published: September 2021

This work focuses on the symmetric alpha stable processes with continuous time frequently used in modeling the signal with indefinitely growing variance when the spectral measure is mixed: sum of a continuous meseare and discrete measure. The objective of this paper is to estimate the spectral density of the continuous part from discrete observations of the signal. For that, we propose a method based on a sample of the signal at a periodic instant. The Jackson polynomial kernel is used for construct a periodogram. We smooth this periodogram by two spectral windows taking into account the width of the interval where the spectral density is nonzero. This technique allows to circumvent the phenomenon of aliasing often encountered in the estimation from the discrete observations of a process with a continuous time.
An Efficient Method for a Specific Case of Detecting Impulse Noise on Scanned Documents
Authors: Prvulović Petar , Vasiljević Jelena , Nagamalai Dhinaharan
Published: September 2021

This paper explains a method used to detect the presence of impulse noise in a set of scanned documents as a part of OCR preprocessing. As the document set is supposed to be processed in large scale, the primary concern of the noise detection method was efficiency within existing project constraints. Following the nature of noise, the method seeks to detect the presence of noise in document margins. The method works in two stages. First stage is margin detection, based on color spectre analysis. Second stage is noise recognition in margin samples, based on a pixel contrast score. The resulting implementation proved efficient both in terms of detection accuracy and algorithmic complexity.
The construction, development and evaluation of a portable ferro- precipitator
Authors:   , Sunjka Ivan
Published: September 2021

This dissertation is concerned with the construction of the locally developed Ferro-precipitator which can be utilised outside a laboratory environment. The American developed Ferrograph machine, besides being expensive (R42 000 + GST in 1984), can only be used inside a dust free, temperature controlled room. As lubricants in machinery moving parts play an important role in their performance and durability many methods of evaluating the health of machines have been devised, but none by themselves can give a complete picture of what is happening inside the machine. Various methods of oil analysis have been studied in this dissertation for comparison and/or complementary purposes, so as to establish the role of the Ferro-precipitator in the context mentioned. Spectrometric, Debris and Radio Tracer methods are based on quantitative aspects of wear particle analysis, whereas the Magnetic Plug method shows visibly large wear particles in the very high wear pattern range. A further aspect to consider is the fact that the Spectrometric analysis method, which is the most common and comprehensive method available in South Africa, is laboratory orientated. This means that an oil sample has to be taken from a machine and then sent to a laboatory for analysis. Besides being time consuming from the time the samples are taken to the time when the results are known, the Spectrometric analysis method is also very expensive. The Ferro-precipitator that has been developed, is sensitive to particle size and to the rate at which these particles are generated. This is due to the phenomenon that a varying magnetic field strength will attract different size ferrous particles accordingly. This concept was validated by manufacturing ferrous particles of various sizes, firstly by grinding and secondly by sieving. These particles, in both cases, were passed through the Ferro-precipitator in a medium of oil, and graphs of density versus distance along the slide were plotted. The graphs showed distinct variations between particle sizes. The manufactured particles were also statistically evaluated by establishing the correlation between the machined and/or the sieved particles to the optically measured particles. The sensitivity of the Ferro-precipitator was further demonstrated by comparing results obtained from an engine test carried out under controlled conditions using the Spectrometric method. If developed further, the Ferro-precipitator .could, be used in the field, which would eliminate the time lost due to samples being sent ot a laboratory. Also the cost of the machine would be a fraction of the price of the Ferrograph and/or the Spectrometer. An in-depth study of particle morphology can be carried out on the wear particles deposited on the slide, with the aid of a Scanning Electron microscope using its X-Ray attachment. The potential for such a study was demonstrated on the engine test performed for this dissertation.
The structural integrity of nanoclay filled epoxy polymer under cyclic loading
Authors:   , Chetty Sathievelli
Published: September 2021

Fatigue crack initiation and propagation behaviour of CFRP have been of great importance because such composites are often used in engineering components that are subjected to continuous cyclic loading. The objective of this thesis work was to investigate the damage characteristics of the fatigue properties of CFRP composites by the modification of the polymer matrix with nanoclay addition. Carbon fibre reinforced epoxy was produced via vacuum assisted resin infusion moulding method (VARIM) with nanoclay concentrations of 0wt%, 1wt%, 3wt% and 5wt%. Tension-tension fatigue tests were conducted at loading levels of 90%, 75% and 60%. The frequency that was used was 3Hz with R value of 0.1. The results showed that at nanoclay percentages of 0wt%, 1wt% and 3wt% there was a consistent trend, where the number of cycles increased in fatigue loading percentages of 90%, 75% and 60%. At 5wt% nanoclay percentage the number of fatigue cycles dropped significantly at the 90% fatigue loading. The brittle nature of the 5wt% laminate became dominate and the sample fractured early at low fatigue cycle numbers. At the 75% fatigue loading, the number of cycles increased and at 60% fatigue loading the 5wt% nanoclay sample exceeded the number of cycles of all the nanoclay percentages by 194%. This was due to the intercalated arrangement of the nanoclays favouring the slow rate of surface temperature increase, during fatigue testing, at low fatigue cycle loading. The Crack Density analysis was performed and showed that at the same time in the fatigue cycle life, the 1wt% had 55 cracks, 3wt% had 52 cracks and the 5wt% had 50 cracks, for the 60% fatigue loading. This proved that it took longer for the cracks to initiate and propagate through the sample as the nanoclay percentage increased. Impact and hardness testing showed that the 5wt% exhibited brittle behaviour, which contributed to the results above. Scanning electron microscopy examination highlighted that the agglomeration of nanoclays delayed the crack initiation and propagation through the specimen and that the extent of fatigue damage decreased as the nanoclay percentage increased. A fatigue failure matrix was developed and showed that delamination, fibre breakage and matrix failure were the predominate causes for the fatigue failure.
The DOD’s Hidden Artificial Intelligence Workforce: Leveraging AI Talent at the U.S. Department of Defense
Authors:   Center for Security and Emerging Technology, Gehlhaus Diana , Hodge Ron , Koslosky Luke , Goode Kayla , Rotner Jonathan
Published: September 2021

This policy brief, authored in collaboration with the MITRE Corporation, provides a new perspective on the U.S. Department of Defense’s struggle to recruit and retain artificial intelligence talent. The authors find that the DOD already has a cadre of AI and related experts, but that this talent remains hidden. Better leveraging this talent could go a long way in meeting the DOD’s AI objectives. The authors argue that this can be done through policies that more effectively identify AI talent and assignment opportunities, processes that incentivize experimentation and changes in career paths, and investing in the necessary technological infrastructure.
Aporte tributario del sector terciario ecuatoriano: Antes, durante y después del Covid-19
Authors: Indio Cóndor Joel Petter , Soriano Zúñiga Bryan Ariel
Published: September 2021

Los niveles de recaudación tributaria entre otros factores dependen del comportamiento económico de los distintos sectores. En la cual, el sector terciario ha tenido una gran participación en la economía ecuatoriana. Sin embargo, es vulnerable a cualquier coyuntura adversa debido a su dependencia al consumo interno. Por lo cual, bajo este contexto se buscó analizar el aporte tributario del sector terciario en el periodo 2016 –2021 (I trimestre) tomando en consideración la situación del sector como el de sus actividades principales antes, durante y después del Covid-19. Por medio del método cuantitativo bajo un enfoque correlacional, con información de fuentes oficiales como la del BCE y SRI se pudo evidenciar el gran aporte del sector a la recaudación tributaria siendo en promedio el 72%. Así como también, de cuanto ha afectado el Covid-19 al comportamiento del sector siendo de una caída del 13,2%, en la cual, en las actividades como las relacionadas al turismo fueron las más afectadas. A nivel empírico por medio de una correlación entre variables, se demostró que el comportamiento económico del sector ha incidido significativamente en los niveles de recaudación tributaria.