bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of oromotor exercises on feeding in children with cerebral palsy: systematic review
Authors: El Nagar Rania , AL-Nemr Alaa , Abdelazeim Faten
Published: December 2021

Background

Feeding problems are prevalent in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Oromotor exercises (OME) should be started as soon as possible to enhance chewing and drooling. Oromotor exercises consist of active exercises, passive exercises, and sensory stimulation. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of oromotor exercises on feeding, chewing, and drooling in children with CP.

Body

The American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology were used to conduct a systematic review. Four databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, and Google Scholar) were searched; this review includes seven articles, participants were 173 participants ranging in age from 18 months to 18 years. Articles were assessed according to their level of evidence and quality assessment was done by AACPDM, PEDro scale, and JBI scale. Due to the heterogeneity across included studies, descriptive analysis was performed on all of them. Primary outcomes were chewing and drooling. Results showed the effectiveness of OME in improving drooling, but with weak evidence while not effective in improving chewing.

Conclusion

High-quality studies are required to develop a firm judgment on the influence of oromotor exercises on feeding. The current level of evidence to support the effectiveness of oromotor exercises in children with CP is currently insufficient.
Community-led initiatives for the rehabilitation and management of vernacular settlements in Oman: a phenomenon in the making
Authors: Naima Benkari
Published: December 2021

Once abandoned for more than three decades, vernacular settlements in Oman are now being progressively reinvested in to foster the country’s heritage tourism sector. The present research focuses on the emerging phenomenon of community-led initiatives for vernacular heritage rehabilitation and adaptive reuse in Oman. Through an examination of three case studies, its aim is to describe this process and its modes of action and discuss its effects on vernacular settlement transformations. A mixed research methodology was designed to include (A) analyses of relevant primary and secondary data, (B) documented onsite observations, (C) interviews with local community representatives and key players in the operations of rehabilitation, and (D) extractions and analyses of quantitative data from a hotel booking website.

The research sheds light on unsuspected interrelations within and between the projects being implemented in these settlements and their operating modes. It reveals the focal role of a local community in a kind of ‘bottom-up’ management of its built heritage, coupled with a ‘horizontal cooperation’ between the three initiatives studied in this research. Moreover, it shows that a heavily centralised and top-down policy for the field of heritage conservation and management is among the main obstacles that hinder such initiatives. Furthermore, community-led operations of vernacular heritage rehabilitation are being undertaken under insufficient regulations in terms of land use, building restoration and adaptive reuse. In this context, the paper discusses some of the serious threats and concerns faced by such initiatives and proposes actionable solutions to mitigate these hindrances.
Isatis indigotica: from (ethno) botany, biochemistry to synthetic biology
Authors: Feng Jingxian , Huang Doudou , Yang Yingbo , Chen Junfeng , Qiu Shi , Lv Zongyou , Ma Xueqi , Li Yuanyu , Li Rongrong , Xiao Ying , Chen Wansheng
Published: December 2021

Isatis indigotica Fort. (Chinese woad) is a species with an ancient and well-documented history as an indigo dye and medicinal plant. It is often confused with Isatis tinctoria L. (European woad), a medicinal plant in Europe. Here, the differences between I. indigotica and I. tinctoria are systematically described. The usage development history, clinical applications and pharmacological activities, and chemical components of I. indigotica are also summarized. Lignans, indole alkaloids, and their corresponding derivatives have been identified as the major active ingredients of I. indigotica and are associated with anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and other health-promoting activities. Notable progress has been made in understanding the biosynthetic pathway and regulation mechanism of lignans and indole alkaloids in I. indigotica, the results from which should facilitate the process of targeted metabolic engineering or synthetic biology. Moreover, multiple biotechnology methods such as polyploid breeding and genetic engineering have been used with I. indigotica to result in, for example, greater yields, higher levels of bioactive component accumulation, and enhanced stress tolerance to salt, drought, and insects. Some issues require additional analyses, and suggestions for future research on I. indigotica are also discussed.
PBPK Simulation-Based Evaluation of Ganciclovir Crystalluria Risk Factors: Effect of Renal Impairment, Old Age, and Low Fluid Intake
Authors: Scotcher Daniel , Galetin Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

Dosing guidance is often lacking for chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to exclusion of such patients from pivotal clinical trials. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling supports model-informed dosing when clinical data are lacking, but application of these approaches to patients with impaired renal function is not yet at full maturity. In the current study, a ganciclovir PBPK model was developed for patients with normal renal function and extended to CKD population. CKD-related changes in tubular secretion were explored in the mechanistic kidney model and implemented either as proportional or non-proportional decline relative to GFR. Crystalluria risk was evaluated in different clinical settings (old age, severe CKD and low fluid intake) by simulating ganciclovir medullary collecting duct (MCD) concentrations. The ganciclovir PBPK model captured observed changes in systemic pharmacokinetic endpoints in mild-to-severe CKD; these trends were evident irrespective of assumed pathophysiological mechanism of altered active tubular secretion in the model. Minimal difference in simulated ganciclovir MCD concentrations was noted between young adult and geriatric populations with normal renal function and urine flow (1 mL/min), with lower concentrations predicted for severe CKD patients. High crystalluria risk was identified at reduced urine flow (0.1 mL/min) as simulated ganciclovir MCD concentrations exceeded its solubility (2.6–6 mg/mL), irrespective of underlying renal function. The analysis highlighted the importance of appropriate distribution of virtual subjects’ systems data in CKD populations. The ganciclovir PBPK model illustrates the ability of this translational tool to explore individual and combined effects of age, urine flow, and renal impairment on local drug renal exposure.

Graphical Abstract
Effect of solid fraction on formability and mechanical properties in a vertical-type rheo squeeze-casting process
Authors: Lee S M , Kang C G
Published: December 2021

This paper demonstrates an electromagnetic stirring (EMS) process which strongly stirs the molten metal at the initial stage of solidification, in order to transform the dendritic microstructure into fine spherical particles close to a globule; the paper accordingly suggests that the vertical squeeze-casting process is suitable for forming rheological material into engineering parts. Thus, this study investigates the performance of the vertical rheological die-casting process for developing highly functional and lightweight engineering parts. The vertical squeeze-casting process was optimized to obtain a high-quality product by controlling the solid volume fraction through EMS, as well as the velocity of injection in the rheological forming process; subsequently, the formability of the product was estimated. As a result, the mechanical characteristics of the product fabricated for each condition could be examined. In this study, the channel type of product was selected because of its feasibility to be adapted to a vehicle component of rheological materials. It is suggested that when rheological materials formed by the EMS process, which controls the solid fraction of rheological material, are manufactured into engineering components by vertical die-casting, the fine microstructure of the product can be fabricated.
Finite element prediction of the lens shape of moulded optical glass lenses
Authors: Tsai Y-C , Hung C , Hung J-C , Tseng S-F
Published: December 2021

Glass moulding is a high-volume fabrication method suitable for producing optical components embedded in computer, communication, and consumer products, such as optical glass lenses in the camera modules of mobile phones. Despite the advantages of glass moulding, several difficulties encountered in the manufacturing process have yet to be overcome. The most critical issue is deviation between the formed lens and the original lens shape design. To overcome this obstacle, this study constructs a precise material model for optical glass with detailed thermal expansion, structural relaxation, and stress relaxation properties obtained from material experiments. This study also uses finite element analysis (FEA) to predict lens shape by incorporating this precise material model at 30°C above At (which is widely adopted by the industry). A subsequent verification moulding experiment demonstrates consistency between the predicted and experimental results. This study establishes and confirms a comprehensive FEA model for predicting the shape of moulded glass lenses.
Thrust and torque analyses for different strategies adapted in microdrilling of glass-fibre-reinforced plastic
Authors: Rahamathullah I , Shunmugam M S
Published: December 2021

Aerospace and automobile industries use components made of composites which require micromachining operations to be carried out. Microdrills are expensive and hence attempts are always made to reduce the drill breakage. In this paper, microdrilling of glass-fibre-reinforced plastic (GFRP) has been attempted using a carbide drill of 0.32 mm diameter. Apart from the selection of process parameters such as speed and feed rate, drilling strategy also plays an important role in realizing good-quality holes and improved drill life. Microdrilling experiments on GFRP have been carried out using a full-factorial design with five levels for speed and feed rate and three repetitions for each run. For the purposes of comparison, microdrilling of plain sheet made out of matrix material has also been carried out. The experiments on blind-hole drilling reveal that there is a reduction in maximum thrust force and torque in peck drilling. Encouraged by this, with peck cycle, through-hole drilling of 2.25 mm thick GFRP specimens has been carried out successfully. Regression models developed for the thrust force show good correlation between the measured and predicted values, while the torque values lie scattered with respect to the predicted trends. The results indicate that micro-holes of large aspect ratio could be produced by selecting proper process parameters and drilling strategy.
Ο κομματικός ανταγωνισμός στην Ελλάδα, 1974-2009
Authors: Νέζη Σπυριδούλα
Published: December 2021

Η διδακτορική διατριβή μελετάει την εκλογική συμπεριφορά των Ελλήνων ψηφοφόρων κατά την περίοδο της Γ' Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας. Στόχος την διατριβής είναι να εξετάσει την μετάβαση από την ιδεολογική ψήφο, που κυριάρχησε μέχρι και το τέλος της δεκαετίας του 1980, στην ψήφο με κυρίαρχα κριτήρια τα πολιτικά ζητήματα (issues). Στην διδακτορική διατριβή με τη χρήση ποσοτικών μοντέλων παρουσιάζεται ο ρόλος της οικονομίας ως κυρίαρχο κριτήριο της ψήφου.
“Exclusivity” and quantifier float in bakari
Authors: Otsuka Takashi , Shirakawa Ryo , Hashimoto Osamu , Numata Yoshiko
Published: December 2021

This paper presents a descriptive study that analyzes the semantic meaning of Toritate focus particle bakari. Previous studies reported that, although bakari expresses exclusivity, it is characterized by the fact that it permits non-applicable cases, thereby drawing the conclusion that the meaning of bakari is not exclusivity. This paper argues that bakari does indeed denote “exclusivity” as bakari is supported by the phenomenon that non-applicable cases are unacceptable when bakari co-occurs with floating quantifiers. Considering existing research on this subject, the following was observed. Even though the subjective set, as established by the speaker’s past experiences to interpret the meaning of bakari, may not be consistent with the real world, the number of events that form the said set match the number of real-world events when bakari co-occurs with floating quantifiers due to the characteristics of floating quantifiers. In such cases, bakari does not permit non-applicable cases. The interpretation that permits non-applicable cases applies to situations where the set established by the speaker is fixed at a narrower range than the real world, and the non-applicable cases exist outside the set. We thus conclude that bakari denotes “exclusivity” that does not permit non-applicable cases.
Prediction of PM2.5 concentrations in Malaysia using machine learning techniques: a review
Authors: Palanichamy Naveen , Haw Su-Cheng , S Subramanian , Govindasamy Kuhaneswaran , Murugan Rishanti
Published: December 2021

Particulate matter (PM), an air pollutant that is detrimental to breathing, is either emitted or formed ambiently. The exposure of respiratory system towards PM2.5, the fine particles of 2.5 micrometres diameter, causes complication for health. Thus, developing pollution control strategies requires the prediction of PM2.5concentrations. Advancement of technology and computer science knowledge, machine learning (ML) algorithms are used for highly accurate prediction of air pollutant concentrations. Recently, air quality in Smart Cities of Malaysia has been getting worse due to industrialization, emissions from private motor vehicles, and transboundary haze pollution. Therefore, the forecasting of PM2.5emissions to ensure they are within the statutory limits becomes necessary. Several machine learning methods have been implemented in existing research to predict air pollution concentrations in comparison to PM2.5. However, very few studies have used ML techniques to predict air quality in Malaysia when compared with global studies. Hence, to create awareness on the ML techniques and promote further research in this area, this study reviews and highlights most of the existing ML techniques for the prediction of PM2.5.
The association between therapeutic plasma exchange and the risk of mortality among patients critically ill with COVID-19: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wardhani Shinta Oktya , Fajar Jonny Karunia , Soegiarto Gatot , Wulandari Laksmi , Maliga Helnida Anggun , Ilmawan Muhammad , Merysa Risna , Simamora Arlentina Bentivolia , Aini Qurrata , Noviantari Komang , Lestari Ayu Widya , Harnila Maria Yoheni , Syafi'i Imam , Djianzonie Jane Andrea Christiano , Siagian Nenci , Nining Sri , Hanim Risyda Zakiyah , Wahyuni Wahyuni , Aulia Fitri , Juliansyah Juliansyah , Mahmud Reflin , Tamara Fredo , Mahendra Aditya Indra , Wowor Amanda Cininta , Baladraf Fikri , Hadinata Ponda Hernest , Ikkeputri Adhityari , Nadya Hana , Kartini Dessy Aprilia , Husnah Milda , Nainu Firzan , Harapan Harapan
Published: December 2021

Background: Cytokine storm has been widely known to contribute to the development of the critical condition in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and studies had been conducted to assess the potential aspect of cytokine storm elimination by performing therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). However, contradictory findings were observed. The objective of this study was to assess the association between TPE and the reduction of mortality of critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted by collecting data from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Data on the mortality rate of critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with TPE plus standard of care and that of patients treated with standard of care alone were analyzed using a Z test.

Results: We included a total of four papers assessing the association between TPE and the risk of mortality among critically ill COVID-19 patients. Our findings suggested that critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with TPE had lower risk of mortality compared to those without TPE treatment.

Conclusion: Our study has identified the potential benefits of TPE in reducing the risk of mortality among critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Validity of automated audiometry for hearing examination in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Purnami Nyilo , Palandeng Rian W. , - Soedarsono , Arifianto Dhany , Moon In Seok
Published: December 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to test the validity of automated audiometry as a method of hearing examination in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative study with a retrospective approach, using patient medical records. Patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) were recruited based-on medical records that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria at the Pulmonology outpatient unit, then referred to the Otorhinolaryngology outpatient unit of the Dr. Soetomo Academic Medical Center. The subjects’ hearing function was measured with two different devices (automated audiometer and conventional audiometer) before being given anti-tuberculosis drug therapy (aminoglycoside injection) as ototoxicity monitoring from July to December 2019 period. Sensitivity and specificity analysis was used to assess the validity of the test.

Results: A total of 36 patients (72 ears) were included. The comparison test results using the Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences between automated audiometry and conventional audiometry in both ears. Analysis values were: sensitivity 80-97%, specificity 37-96%, positive predictive value 74-98%, and negative predictive value 59-96%.

Conclusions: Automated audiometry is valid for use as a method of hearing examination and monitoring in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
Practical needs and considerations for refugees and other forcibly displaced persons with neurological disorders: Recommendations using a modified Delphi approach
Authors: Rezaei Shawheen , Sakadi Foksouna , Hiew Fu-Liong , Rodriguez-Leyva Ildefonso , Kruja Jera , Wasay Mohammad , Seidi Osheik AbuAsha , Abdel-Aziz Saad , Nafissi Shahriar , Mateen Farrah ,   Global Working Group for Refugees with Neurological Needs
Published: December 2021

Background: There are >70 million forcibly displaced people worldwide, including refugees, internally displaced persons, and asylum seekers. While the health needs of forcibly displaced people have been characterized in the literature, more still needs to be done globally to translate this knowledge into effective policies and actions, particularly in neurology.

Methods: In 2020, a global network of published experts on neurological disease and refugees was convened. Nine physician experts from nine countries (2 low, 1 lower-middle income, 5 upper-middle, 1 high income) with experience treating displaced people originating from 18 countries participated in three survey and two discussion rounds in accordance with the Delphi method.

Results: A consensus list of priority interventions for treating neurological conditions in displaced people was created, agnostic to cost considerations, with the ten highest ranking tests or treatments ranked as: computerized tomography scans, magnetic resonance imaging scans, levetiracetam, acetylsalicylic acid, carbamazepine, paracetamol, sodium valproate, basic blood tests, steroids and anti-tuberculous medication. The most important contextual considerations (100% consensus) were all economic and political, including the economic status of the displaced person’s country of origin, the host country, and the stage in the asylum seeking process. The annual cost to purchase the ten priority neurological interventions for the entire displaced population was estimated to be 220 million USD for medications and 4.2 billion USD for imaging and tests.

Conclusions: A need for neuroimaging and anti-seizure medications for forcibly displaced people was emphasized. These recommendations could guide future research and investment in neurological care for forcibly displaced people.
Enrolment in clinical research at UCLH and geographically distributed indices of deprivation
Authors: Engleitner Holger , Jha Ashwani , Herron Daniel , Nelson Amy , Rees Geraint , McNally Nick , Williams Bryan , Nachev Parashkev
Published: December 2021

Healthcare should be judged by its equity as well as its quality. Both aspects depend not only on the characteristics of service delivery but also on the research and innovation that ultimately shape them. Conducting a fully-inclusive evaluation of the relationship between enrolment in primary research studies at University College London Hospitals NHS Trust and indices of deprivation, here we demonstrate a quantitative approach to evaluating equity in healthcare research and innovation.

We surveyed the geographical locations, aggregated into Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs), of all England-resident UCLH patients registered as enrolled in primary clinical research studies. We compared the distributions of ten established indices of deprivation across enrolled and non-enrolled areas within Greater London and within a distance-matched subset across England. Bayesian Poisson regression models were used to examine the relation between deprivation and the volume of enrolment standardized by population density and local disease prevalence.

A total of 54593 enrolments covered 4401 LSOAs in Greater London and 10150 in England, revealing wide geographical reach. The distributions of deprivation indices were similar between enrolled and non-enrolled areas, exhibiting median differences from 0.26% to 8.73%. Across Greater London, enrolled areas were significantly more deprived on most indices, including the Index of Multiple Deprivation; across England, a more balanced relationship to deprivation emerged. Regression analyses of enrolment volumes yielded weak biases, in favour of greater deprivation for most indices, with little modulation by local disease prevalence.

Primary clinical research at UCLH has wide geographical reach. Areas with enrolled patients show similar distributions of established indices of deprivation to those without, both within Greater London, and across distance-matched areas of England. We illustrate a robust approach to quantifying an important aspect of equity in clinical research and provide a flexible set of tools for replicating it across other institutions.
The genome sequence of the holly blue, Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Hayward Alex , Wright Charlotte ,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: December 2021

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Celastrina argiolus) (the holly blue; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Lycaenidae). The genome sequence is 499 megabases in span. The majority (99.99%) of the assembly is scaffolded into 26 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the Z sex chromosome assembled. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl has identified 12,199 protein coding genes.
The genome sequence of the bisetose emerald-bottle, Bellardia pandia (Walker, 1849)
Authors: Falk Steven ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: December 2021

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Bellardia pandia (the bisetose emerald-bottle; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Calliphoridae). The genome sequence is 617 megabases in span. The majority of the assembly (97.82%) is scaffolded into six chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the X sex chromosome assembled.
ASSESSMENT OF THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF THE SMOLENSK REGION
Authors:   Smolensk State University, MIRKINA OLGA
Published: December 2021

The transport system is the most important branch of the economy of the country and the region. The article considers the transport system of the Smolensk region, analyzes the main statistical indicators of transport and transport infrastructure. Trends have been identified, the development of customs and logistics infrastructure is called the development of the transport system of the Smolensk region.
Reconstruction of the sciatic nerve using bilateral vascularized sural nerve grafts: a case report
Authors: Roh Si-Gyun , Chun Jae Young , Lee Nae-Ho , Shin Jin Yong , Kim Jong-Lim
Published: December 2021

An injury of a peripheral nerve may require reconstruction for motor and sensory function recovery. However, if the nerve defect is long, especially in the lower extremities, reconstruction with successful functional recovery has proven to be difficult. We documented a case of bilateral vascularized sural nerve graft repair of a large and long sciatic nerve defect following malignant tumor resection on the posterior thigh. Although we were unable to achieve satisfactory outcomes in motor function recovery, we did achieve some degree of sensory function recovery.
Investor Tastes, Corporate Behavior, and Stock Returns: An Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Hwang Chuan Yang , Titman Sheridan , Wang Ying
Published: December 2021

We classify institutions into socially responsible investors (SRI) and not socially responsible investors using the value weighted corporate social responsibility (CSR) scores of their portfolio holdings. We find that firms that exhibit increases in SRI ownership tend to increase future CSR scores. Our analysis of stock price responses to the revelation of SRI ownership changes indicates that the revelation of higher SRI ownership is associated with negative stock returns. These effects are particularly strong when we focus on SRI-activists, who tend to target firms with low CSR scores and lobby to increase them over time. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that anticipated increases in CSR activities reduce firm values.

This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.
Helpful Behavior and the Durability of Collaborative Ties
Authors: Samila Sampsa , Oettl Alexander , Hasan Sharique
Published: December 2021

Long-term collaborations are crucial in many creative domains. Although there is ample research on why people collaborate, our knowledge about what drives some collaborations to persist and others to decay is still emerging. In this paper, we extend theory on third-party effects and collaborative persistence to study this question. We specifically consider the role that a third party’s helpful behavior plays in shaping tie durability. We propose that when third parties facilitate helpfulness among their group, the collaboration is stronger, and it persists even in the third’s absence. In contrast, collaborations with third parties that are nonhelpful are unstable and dissolve in their absence. We use a unique data set comprising scientific collaborations among pairs of research immunologists who lost a third coauthor to unexpected death. Using this quasi-random loss as a source of exogenous variation, we separately identify the effect of third parties’ traditional role as an active agent of collaborative stability and the enduring effect of their helpful behavior—as measured by acknowledgments—on the persistence of the remaining authors’ collaboration. We find support for our hypotheses and find evidence that one mechanism driving our effect is that helpful thirds make their coauthors more helpful.
Severe Oleander Poisoning Presenting with Hyperkalaemia and Unusual Electrocardiographic Changes
Authors: Guru Satyabrata , Anupama Behera Anupama Behera , Sadananda Barik Sadananda Barik , Upendra Hansdah Upendra Hansdah , Mohanty Chitta R , Sangeeta Sahoo Sangeeta Sahoo
Published: December 2021

Background: Hyperkalaemia in oleander (Nerium oleander) poisoning has been associated with a poor prognosis. Different electrocardiographic (ECG) presentations are possible because of vagotonia and hyperkalaemia. Methods/Results: We report a series of three cases of oleander poisoning in which ECG showed unusual hyperkalaemia features, such as bradyarrhythmia, sinoatrial block, atrioventricular block and junctional rhythm. Conclusions: If arterial blood gas analysis or laboratory values indicate hyperkalaemia in oleander poisoning, the hyperkalaemia should be treated immediately, even if the ECG does not show typical hyperkalaemia features.
INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE DA VEDAÇÃO À CONCESSÃO DE TUTELAS PROVISÓRIAS CONTRA A FAZENDA PÚBLICA NAS AÇÕES DE REPETIÇÃO DE INDÉBITO TRIBUTÁRIO
Authors: Cavalcante Caio Neno Silva , Nunes Cleucio Santos
Published: December 2021

Avalia-se a (in)constitucionalidade das vedações, impostas pela legislação e pela jurisprudência, à concessão de tutelas provisórias contra o Poder Público nas ações de repetição de indébito tributário. Para tanto, identifica-se os principais óbices doutrinários e prossegue-se à apresentação da racionalidade por trás das vedações em questão. Por último, passa-se à demonstração do fundamento constitucional do direito à repetição de indébito e à superação dos obstáculos à concessão de tutelas provisórias. É utilizado o método dedutivo, por meio de pesquisa realizada em legislação, doutrina e jurisprudência dos tribunais ao redor do país.
TRÊS PONDERAÇÕES PARA DEFENDER A DISPENSA DA GARANTIA DO JUÍZO NOS EMBARGOS À EXECUÇÃO FISCAL: CRÍTICAS AO POSICIONAMENTO DO STJ
Authors: Moitta Pinto da Costa Rosalina
Published: December 2021

Esta pesquisa visa demonstrar que o posicionamento do STJ, exigindo a garantia do juízo para o processamento dos embargos, vai de encontro à carga valorativa das normas constitucionais trazidas com o CPC de 2015, ao posicionamento da Súmula Vinculante 28 do STF e ao princípio da especialidade. Utilizando-se como opção metodológica a pesquisa bibliográfica e a jurisprudência do STJ, inicia-se o estudo demonstrando que a opção do legislador pela sistemática de defesa na execução fiscal não decorre das particularidades da relação entre o fisco e o contribuinte. A seguir, demonstra-se que o posicionamento assentado no STJ pela sistemática dos recursos repetitivos, sob a égide do CPC de 1973, não se coaduna com os princípios constitucionais previstos no CPC de 2015. Ao final, conclui-se que a exigência da garantia do juízo vai de encontro ao posicionamento da Súmula Vinculante 28 do STF, uma vez que se devem aplicar aos embargos à execução fiscal as mesmas consequências jurídicas da ação anulatória.
UMA CRENÇA NÃO ESTÁ FUNDAMENTADA SE SUBSISTEM OBJEÇÕES SEM RESPOSTA – OU A OBVIEDADE NECESSÁRIA DO ART. 489, § 1.º, IV, DO CPC
Authors: Machado Segundo Hugo De Brito
Published: December 2021

Em um cenário de crescente protagonismo do Poder Judiciário, adquirem ainda maior relevo mecanismos destinados a controlar racionalmente a atividade de seus membros, dentre os quais se destaca o dever de fundamentar decisões judiciais. Neste artigo, parte-se da hipótese de que é indispensável, para que uma decisão seja considerada fundamentada, que nela se refutem todas as objeções que lhe tenham sido levantadas, e que sejam, em tese, capazes de infirmá-la. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, seguindo metodologia hipotético dedutiva e falibilista, verificar-se-á se tal conjectura decorre, e é compatível, não só com princípios constitucionais processuais, a exemplo do direito de petição, da ampla defesa e do contraditório, mas com a própria compreensão da Epistemologia a respeito da fundamentação do conhecimento e das crenças em geral. Verificar-se-á, com isso, se o art. 489, § 1.º, IV, do CPC/2015, caso se conclua que enuncia o óbvio, é aplicável a outros subsistemas processuais, a exemplo do administrativo, do trabalhista ou do penal, independentemente do que disponha a legislação infraconstitucional específica.
REPENSANDO O PAPEL DA JURISDIÇÃO NOS LITÍGIOS ESTRUTURAIS DE INTERESSE PÚBLICO: DO ATIVISMO ANTIDIALÓGICO À DECISÃO COMPARTILHADA
Authors: Lima Flavia Danielle Santiago , França Eduarda Peixoto da Cunha
Published: December 2021

Qual o modelo mais adequado de decisão judicial para litígios estruturais de interesse público? O presente artigo busca responder à questão com a apresentação das discussões teóricas que contemplam aspectos da práxis processual, na descrição dos modelos forte, deferente e compartilhado em casos que envolvem violações sistêmicas a direitos fundamentais. Para tanto, utiliza-se o método dedutivo com pesquisa bibliográfico-documental de caráter exploratório-descritivo. Conclui-se que o modelo compartilhado, a partir de uma perspectiva normativa, apresenta-se enquanto mais adequado a demandas de caráter estrutural de interesse público. Por outro lado, pelo viés pragmático, observa-se a necessidade de contingência estratégica dos três modelos decisórios, a depender do caso sub judice.
Quantos presos provisórios? A relação entre prisão processual e congestionamento judiciário
Authors: Suxberger Antonio Henrique Graciano
Published: December 2021

Por que o Brasil ostenta elevado percentual de presos provisórios? A análise dos números de prisão processual indica que a explicação não é estritamente jurídica. O artigo problematiza a relação entre o uso da prisão processual e os tempos de tramitação do processo criminal até a prolação da sentença por meio do cotejo entre taxa de aprisionamento e congestionamento judicial em primeira instância. Sustenta que o congestionamento judiciário é fator relevante no dimensionamento da prisão processual. Metodologicamente, o artigo se vale de pesquisa jurídico-exploratória e análise documental – esta última a partir dos dados disponíveis de uso da prisão no Brasil.
AS PLATAFORMAS DE SOLUÇÃO DE LITÍGIOS ONLINE (ODR) E A SUA RELAÇÃO COM O DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL AO ACESSO À JUSTIÇA
Authors: Fornasier Mateus De Oliveira , Schwede Matheus Antes
Published: December 2021

Este artigo investiga como a utilização das plataformas de (ODR) pode oferecer agilidade, baixo custo e eficácia para a resolução de disputas, e como essas podem oferecer segurança jurídica para os seus usuários através de uma regulação necessária. Plataformas de ODR possibilitam mais celeridade na resolução de conflitos do que o processo judicial, em razão da essencialidade da tecnologia como meio, sendo que as partes se comunicam de forma assíncrona ou síncrona, mediante texto, áudio e vídeo, sendo possível a interatividade entre litigantes e conciliador, mediador ou árbitro. Seu método de procedimento hipotético-dedutivo, com abordagem qualitativa e técnica bibliográfica.
A ESTABILIZAÇÃO DA TUTELA ANTECIPADA E A COISA JULGADA: ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DOS INSTITUTOS PROCESSUAIS
Authors: Rodrigues Ricardo Schneider , Melo Emelly Karoline Costa
Published: December 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo investigar a natureza jurídica da estabilização da tutela provisória antecipada, para distingui-la da coisa julgada, identificando os efeitos de cada uma no processo. A abordagem da pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo, o método de abordagem é o dedutivo, a partir de revisão bibliográfica, e o método procedimental utilizado é o monográfico. Os achados da pesquisa apontam para a existência de diferenças substanciais entre os referidos institutos. Além de referir-se apenas aos efeitos da decisão – e não ao seu conteúdo –, a estabilização não produz efeitos para além do processo em que for proferida, limitando-se às partes do processo, sem prejudicar ou beneficiar terceiros.
A CONFUSÃO TERMINOLÓGICA DOS CAPÍTULOS DE CUMPRIMENTO DA SENTENÇA E PROCESSO DE EXECUÇÃO DO CPC/2015 E O RETROCESSO NA EFICIÊNCIA DA FASE PROCESSUAL DA EFETIVAÇÃO DO DIREITO
Authors: Jobim Marco Félix , Tessari Cláudio
Published: December 2021

Desde a lei nº 11.232/05, com o ingresso no Código de Processo de 1973 da fase do cumprimento de sentença, a doutrina ficou dividida em tratá-la ora como parte do processo que se denominou de sincrético, ora como parte do próprio processo de execução, estando ambos sob o manto da tutela executiva ou da execução civil, que abarcaria as duas formas já assinaladas. O estudo comprovará que essa dúvida permaneceu no Código de Processo Civil de 2015, numa frustrante reunião de termos de uma forma de efetivação na outra, confundindo a identidade própria de cada uma delas mesmo após 15 anos da lei que institui a dicotomia em solo brasileiro.
Diagnostic and periprocedural discomfort in inflammatory bowel disease: a concept analysis using the Rodgers evolutionary method
Authors: Nistor Oana-Irina , Sawhney Monakshi , Wilson Rosemary
Published: December 2021

Background:

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, autoimmune gastrointestinal illness with a significant disease burden. The concept of discomfort in IBD lacks conceptual clarity.

Aims:

To analyse the concept of diagnostic and periprocedural discomfort in IBD and provide an understanding of its evolution, use in IBD research and implications for clinical practice through its attributes, antecedents, consequences and related terms.

Methods:

The Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis method guided this inductive approach.

Findings:

Seven journal articles, a dictionary, a thesaurus and one book were included in this analysis. The analysis yielded 12 surrogate terms, three attributes, five antecedents and one consequence. Diagnostic and periprocedural discomfort in IBD is an unpleasant, multidimensional and subjective experience, with biological, psychological or technical antecedents, which can occur independently of pain.

Conclusion:

Further research is required to enhance understanding of discomfort to improve the care of people living with IBD and their relationship with healthcare providers.
The Effect of a Change in Virtual Learning Environment on Innovative Digital Teaching Practice: A Case Study of Academic Staff in an Irish University
Authors: Kampinga Ellen , O’Connor Christine , Goedhart Martin J. , Ryan Barry J.
Published: December 2021

This mixed-methods, investigative case study explores the experience of a virtual learning environment (VLE) change and its effect on the use of digital learning tools specifically, and teaching practice more generally, for chemistry lecturers at TU Dublin (Ireland) prior to pandemic of the coronavirus disease COVID-19. Initially, a questionnaire examined the different teaching identities the participating lecturers might have and how they relate to the literature. These identities were examined under the following themes: sense of achievement, motivational factors for innovation, innovation positioning, as well as social and organizational factors influencing the decision making. A visual approach of representing the questionnaire data, termed ‘Lecturer Landscapes’, was developed which uncovered new trends based on the biographical descriptors of the research population. Subsequent interviews led to a more detailed investigation of the themes noted in the questionnaire and the Lecturer Landscapes to more holistically capture the professional identity of each respondent. The lens of experience during a VLE change was used to frame each respondent’s professional identity in context. Overall, a VLE change does not have to effect teaching practice and can be experienced as a positive change in teaching and learning. It was also noted that innovation can only occur when specific, and individual, needs and problems are addressed and when personal development is promoted by intrinsic, rather than extrinsic, motivational factors.
Differences and Similarities in Scientists’ Images Among Popular USA Middle Grades Science Textbooks
Authors: Hite Rebecca
Published: December 2021

Research on students’ perceptions of scientists is ongoing, starting with early research by Mead and Metraux in the 1950s and continuing in the present. Continued research interest in this area is likely due to scholarship suggesting adolescents’ impressions of scientists are sourced in-part from media, which influence their interests in science and identity in becoming a scientist. A significant source of images, in which adolescents (or middle school students) view science and scientists, is in their science textbooks. A qualitative content analysis explored images of scientists in three of the major U.S.-based middle grade science textbooks published in the new millennium: sixth grade biology, seventh grade earth science, and eighth grade physical science. The Draw A Scientist Test (DAST) Checklist was employed to assess scientists’ images and the stereotypes therein. From nine textbooks, 435 images of scientists were coded and analyzed by publisher and grade level / area by DAST constructs of appearance, location, careers, and scientific activities. Statistical analyses showed significant variances between grade levels and textbook publishers of scientists. Despite scientists portrayed in active endeavors, traditional tropes of the scowling, older, solitary, white male scientist persist. This study offers insight in leveraging improved images of scientists in textbooks.
Efficient weakly supervised LIBS feature selection method in quantitative analysis of iron ore slurry
Authors: Chen Tong , Sun Lanxiang , Yu Haibin , Qi Lifeng , Shang Dong , Xie Yuanming
Published: December 2021

On-stream analysis of the element content in ore slurry plays an important role in the control of the mineral flotation process. Therefore, our laboratory developed a LIBS-based slurry analyzer named LIBSlurry, which can monitor the iron content in slurries in real time. However, achieving high-precision quantitative analysis results of the slurries is challenging. In this paper, a weakly supervised feature selection method named spectral distance variable selection was proposed for the raw spectral data. This method utilizes the prior information that multiple spectra of the same slurry sample have the same reference concentration to assess the important weight of spectral features, and features selected by this prior can avoid over-fitting compared with a traditional wrapper method. The spectral data were collected on-stream of iron ore concentrate slurry samples during the mineral flotation process. The results show that the prediction accuracy is greatly improved compared with the full-spectrum input and other feature selection methods; the root mean square error of the prediction of iron content can be decreased to 0.75%, which helps to realize the successful application of the analyzer.
Random phase retrieval approach based on difference map using VU factorization
Authors: Li Jiaosheng , Zhang Qinnan
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we proposed a random phase retrieval approach based on two differential interferograms and VU factorization. Firstly, three interferograms with arbitrary phase shifts are subtracted, and then two differential interferograms are obtained. On this basis, the phase related to the matrix is solved via VU factorization and the measured phase is obtained. Compared with the commonly used high-accuracy phase-shifting algorithms, this method does not require long-time iteration and approximate conditions, so there is no requirement for the shape and number of fringes of the interferogram. More importantly, it is an extremely stable and high-accuracy phase-shifting algorithm, which has great advantages for practical applications. Experiments and simulation analysis show that the proposed method is a random phase retrieval approach with good anti-noise and strong applicability.
Noma (cancrum oris): A scoping literature review of a neglected disease (1843 to 2021)
Authors: Farley Elise , Mehta Ushma , Srour M. Leila , Lenglet Annick
Published: December 2021

Background

Noma (cancrum oris) is an ancient but neglected and poorly understood preventable disease, afflicting the most disenfranchised populations in the world. It is a devastating and often fatal condition that requires urgent and intensive clinical and surgical care, often difficult to access as most cases of noma occur in resource-limited settings. We conducted a scoping review of the literature published on noma to understand the size and scope of available research on the disease and identify research gaps that need to be addressed to evolve our understanding of how to address this disease.

Methods

We searched 11 databases and collected primary peer reviewed articles on noma in all languages, the final search was conducted on 24th August 2021. The oldest manuscript identified was from 28th March 1843 and the most recently published manuscript was from 3rd June 2021. Search terms included cancrum oris and noma. Data was extracted using a standardised data extraction tool and key areas of interest were identified. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic review and Meta-Analyses requirements were followed.

Results

The review included 147 articles, the majority of the studies (n = 94, 64%) were case reports. Most manuscripts (n = 81, 55%) were published in the 2000s, 49 (33%) were from the 1900s and 17 (12%) from the 1800s. The main areas of interest identified were the history and epidemiology of the disease, noma’s clinical progression and aetiology, treatment regimens, mortality rates and the risk factors for the development of noma.

Conclusions

Noma has been reported in the literature for hundreds of years; however important gaps in our understanding of the disease remain. Future research should focus on determining the burden and distribution of disease; the true mortality rate, pathogenic cause(s) and the factors that influence prognosis and outcomes after treatment.