bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Warm and Humidified Versus Cold and Dry CO2 Pneumoperitoneum in Minimally Invasive Colon Resection: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sutton Elie , Bellini Geoffrey , Grieco Michael J. , Kumara H. M. C. Shantha , Yan Xiaohong , Cekic Vesna , Njoh Linda , Whelan Richard L.
Published: June 2017

Introduction. Peritoneal insufflation with warm-humidified (WH) CO2 gas during minimally invasive surgical procedures is purported to prevent hypothermia and peritoneal desiccation and is associated with decreased postoperative IL-6 levels. This randomized study’s purpose was to determine the clinical impact of WH versus cold-dry (CD) CO2 in minimally invasive colon resection (MICR), and to assess perioperative plasma levels of IL-6, TIMP-1, sVEGF-R1, and HSP-70 after MICR. Methods. Operative and short-term clinical data plus perioperative blood samples were collected on MICR patients randomized to receive either WH (36.7°C, 95% humidity) or CD (room temperature, 0% humidity) CO2 perioperatively. Peritoneal biopsies were taken at the start and end of surgery. Outcomes tracked included core temperature, postoperative in-hospital pain levels, analgesia requirements, and standard recovery parameters. Preoperative and postoperative days (PODs) 1 and 3 plasma protein levels were determined via ELISA. Results. A total of 101 patients were randomized to WH CO2 (50) or CD CO2 (51). The WH group contained more diabetics ( P = .03). There were no differences in indication, minimally invasive surgical method used, or core temperature. Pain scores were similar; however, the WH patients required less narcotics on PODs 1 to 3 ( P < .05), and less ketorolac on PODs 1 and 2 ( P < .03). No differences in length of stay, complication rates, or time to flatus/diet tolerance were noted. Plasma levels of the 4 proteins were similar postoperatively. Though insignificant, the WH group had less marked histologic changes on “end-of-case” peritoneal biopsies. Conclusion. This study found significantly lower pain medication requirements for PODs 1 to 3 for the WH group; however, because there were no differences in the pains scores between the groups, firm conclusions regarding WH CO2 cannot be made.
The impact on social relationships of moving from congregated settings to personalized accommodation
Authors: McConkey Roy , Bunting Brendan , Keogh Fiona , Garcia Iriarte Edurne
Published: June 2017

A natural experiment contrasted the social relationships of people with intellectual disabilities ( n = 110) before and after they moved from congregated settings to either personalized accommodation or group homes. Contrasts could also be drawn with individuals who had enduring mental health problems ( n = 46) and who experienced similar moves. Face-to-face interviews were conducted in each person’s residence on two occasions approximately 24 months apart. Multivariate statistical analyses were used to determine significant effects. Greater proportions of people living in personalized settings scored higher on the five chosen indicators of social relationships than did persons living in grouped accommodation. However, multivariate statistical analyses identified that only one in five persons increased their social relationships as a result of changes in their accommodation, particularly persons with an intellectual disability and high support needs. These findings reinforce the extent of social isolation experienced by people with disabilities and mental health problems that changes in their accommodation only partially counter.
Are accelerometers a valid tool for measuring overground sprinting symmetry?
Authors: Kenneally-Dabrowski Claire JB , Serpell Benjamin G , Spratford Wayne
Published: June 2017

Running symmetry is important for performance, injury prevention or rehabilitation in many sports. However, current methods for measuring running symmetry are expensive, time consuming and must typically be constrained to a non-task representative laboratory setting. The aim of this study was to validate a method that used accelerometry data to determine running symmetry during maximal over ground sprinting for abled bodied athletes. Thirteen elite male athletes performed three 40 m maximal sprints on an indoor running track while data were collected from eight force plates and an accelerometer positioned between the scapulae against the spine. Correlations and Bland–Altman analyses were used to assess validity. Time spent either side of the vertical axis was compared to maximal medio-lateral force from either side of the body using a symmetry index approach. Results revealed only a trivial relationship ( r = 0.088, p = 0.616) and poor agreement (bias = 0.189, p = 0.000). Likewise, stride time from the accelerometer and force plates exhibited a small relationship ( rs = −0.177, p = 0.310) and significant bias (bias = −0.026, p = 0.000), yet showed smaller limits of agreement. It was concluded that both of the methods for measuring sprinting asymmetry using accelerometer data had poor internal validity. However, of these measures, stride time showed the best capacity to calculate running symmetry during maximal effort sprints. Overall, it is suggested that coaches exhibit caution when interpreting running symmetry measures from accelerometers, and also carefully consider where the accelerometer is placed on the body.
The Entrepreneurial (Straight) Edge: How Participation in DIY Music Cultures Translates to Work and Careers
Authors: Haenfler Ross
Published: June 2017

Only recently have researchers begun thoroughly examining the role of youth music cultures and subcultures in participants’ ‘adult’ lives, suggesting that participation does not end with an abrupt transition to adulthood. Significantly, how subcultural experience translates into work skills and job opportunities needs further investigation. Based upon interviews and participant observation with older straight edgers – clean-living punks associated with the hardcore music scene – over the course of five years, this article examines subcultural entrepreneurs, in particular straight edgers, who have used DIY experiences to start businesses or advance careers. I first examine how involvement in DIY scenes can influence choice of career; many participants chose work reflective of their DIY values and/or created their own career. Next, I discuss how participants’ DIY dispositions influence their work, including tolerance for risk, confidence, self-reliance, and adaptability. I then demonstrate how participants translate scene experience into useful and marketable skills, including management, organization, marketing, and job-specific proficiencies.
ERAP1 and HLA-C interaction in inflammatory bowel disease in the Spanish population
Authors: Castro-Santos Patricia , Moro-García Marco Antonio , Marcos-Fernández Raquel , Alonso-Arias Rebeca , Díaz-Peña Roberto
Published: June 2017

Large genome-wide analysis studies (GWAS) and meta-analyses have dramatically increased our knowledge of the genetic risk factors of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), identifying at least 163 loci. The endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase-2 ( ERAP2) gene has been reported as a potential candidate gene for IBD. GWAS have also shown the potential associations between ERAP single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) loci and susceptibility to several autoimmune diseases, and ERAP1 and ERAP2 polymorphisms are related to HLA class I-associated diseases, including ankylosing spondylitis and Behçet’s disease. Interestingly, these associations were confined to individuals carrying HLA class I-risk alleles. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of ERAP1 and ERAP2 SNPs with IBD in a Spanish population, analysing their possible interaction with specific HLA-C alleles to IBD susceptibility. A total of 367 individuals were divided into 216 IBD cases and 151 controls. SNP genotyping was performed using TaqMan® genotyping assays, whereas HLA-C typing was analysed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide probing. Herein, we report an association of the ERAP1 SNP rs30187 with the HLA-C*07 allele. The existence of shared inflammatory pathways in immunologically related diseases together with the understanding of ERAP1 function may offer clues to novel treatment strategies.
Nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant use in patients with renal impairment
Authors: Turpie Alexander G.G. , Purdham Daniel , Ciaccia Antonio
Published: June 2017

The nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), also referred to as direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), dabigatran, apixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban, have emerged as effective alternatives to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) across several indications, including the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism (SSE) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Their use in patients with renal impairment is of particular importance, given the prevalence of renal dysfunction in the indicated populations and the impact of renal function on the metabolism of the NOACs. This publication reviews the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of the NOACs and clinical trial results for patients with renal impairment within the AF and VTE indications. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data show the NOACs are dependent on renal clearance to varying extents. Relative to VKAs, the efficacy and safety of the NOACs is preserved in patients with moderate renal impairment. The dosing recommendations for patients with renal impairment differ depending on the NOAC, whereby some of the NOACs require dose reductions based solely on renal function, while others require consideration of additional criteria. However, despite these specific dosing recommendations, emerging real-world evidence suggests patients are not being dosed appropriately, indicating a possible knowledge gap. Adherence to recommended dosing algorithms has implications on the optimal efficacy and safety of the NOACs. To this end, renal function should be assessed in patients on a NOAC, as worsening of renal function may warrant change in the dose of a NOAC or change in oral anticoagulant.
Strategies for dementia prevention: latest evidence and implications
Authors: Rakesh Gopalkumar , Szabo Steven T. , Alexopoulos George S. , Zannas Anthony S.
Published: June 2017

Dementia is a common and debilitating syndrome with enormous impact on individuals and societies. Preventing disease onset or progression would translate to public health and societal benefits. In this review, we discuss the latest evidence on interventions that may show promise for the prevention of cognitive decline. We appraise existing evidence primarily drawn from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, but also highlight observational studies in humans and relevant work in model organisms. Overall, there is currently limited evidence to support a cause–effect relationship between any preventive strategy and the development or progression of dementia. However, studies to date suggest that a multifactorial intervention comprising regular exercise and healthy diet, along with the amelioration of vascular risk factors, psychosocial stress, and major depressive episodes may be most promising for the prevention of cognitive decline. We discuss the challenges, future directions, and implications of this line of research.
Students’ views of A-level Mathematics as preparation for degree-level economics
Authors: Darlington Ellie , Bowyer Jessica
Published: June 2017

As part of a large-scale survey of over 4000 undergraduates at British universities, 238 economics students reported on their experiences of studying post-compulsory secondary mathematics qualifications (A-levels) and the preparation they provided for their degrees. Participants were positive about their experience of post-compulsory mathematics and reported that both A-level Mathematics and A-level Further Mathematics were good preparation for undergraduate economics. They were most positive about the preparation that the statistics units had given them, as well as experience with calculus. Areas that students felt could have been advantageous to cover at A-level were optimisation and linear programming. Furthermore, participants who had taken Further Mathematics were very positive, which suggests that admissions tutors might wish to consider recommending it as an A-level for potential economics applicants.
YouTube as Educator: A Content Analysis of Issues, Themes, and the Educational Value of Transgender-Created Online Videos
Authors: Miller Brandon
Published: June 2017

The current study explores the videos of eight popular transgender YouTubers. A content analysis was conducted to examine the themes present in videos, the specific issues discussed, and the educational value for viewers. In particular, the present research was interested in the amount of videos that contain transgender-specific content, and in the types of issues—both general and in terms of gender transition—about which transgender YouTubers converse. Videos were also analyzed in relation to self-identified type of transgender individual (e.g. male-to-female [MTF] or female-to-male [FTM]), and significant differences were found in both the amount of transgender-specific content as well as the educational value of videos. This article positions transgender YouTube content as an educational tool that can both help serve as guidance for transgender viewers, as well as increase mainstream audiences’ understanding of transgender persons, subjects, and struggles.
Public health nurses’ experience, involvement and attitude concerning mental health issues in a school setting
Authors: Moen Øyfrid Larsen , Skundberg-Kletthagen Hege
Published: June 2017

The aim of the study was to describe and explore public health nurses’ perceptions of involvement and their attitudes concerning the mental health aspects of their work in schools. Furthermore, we wished to explore their need for useful approaches and training topics. The teenage years in particular are associated with an incidence of mental health problems such as depression. Public health nurses in schools have an extensive role in relation to health promotion and the prevention of both physical and mental health. A cross-sectional study with 284 public health nurses from 163 municipalities in Norway was carried out, using the Depression Attitude Questionnaire. The public health nurses reported various degrees of confidence and time spent working with mental health issues. Confidence was found to be related to further education and courses.
Patient preferences for patient participation: Psychometric evaluation of The 4Ps tool in patients with chronic heart or lung disorders
Authors: Luhr Kristina , Eldh Ann Catrine , Nilsson Ulrica , Holmefur Marie
Published: June 2017

The Patient Preferences for Patient Participation tool (The 4Ps) was developed to aid clinical dialogue and to help patients to 1) depict, 2) prioritise, and 3) evaluate patient participation with 12 pre-set items reiterated in the three sections. An earlier qualitative evaluation of The 4Ps showed promising results. The present study is a psychometric evaluation of The 4Ps in patients with chronic heart or lung disease ( n = 108) in primary and outpatient care. Internal scale validity was evaluated using Rasch analysis, and two weeks test–retest reliability of the three sections using kappa/weighted kappa and a prevalence- and bias-adjusted kappa. The 4Ps tool was found to be reasonably valid with a varied reliability. Proposed amendments are rephrasing of two items, and modifications of the rating scale in Section 2. The 4Ps is suggested for use to increase general knowledge of patient participation, but further studies are needed with regards to its implementation.
Facilitating nursing students’ acquisition of knowledge about the public health perspective in nursing: Experiences from a pilot project
Authors: Krøger Elsebeth , Sævareid Hans Inge , Slettebø Åshild
Published: June 2017

Knowledge about public health and public health work is important for meeting current and future health challenges. A group of nursing students in a cohort participated in a practicum programme pertaining to the study of the academic subject ‘Nursing and Society’. The municipality’s public healthcare services were the learning arena. The purpose of this pilot project was to explore whether participation in the municipality’s public healthcare services is a pedagogical approach that enhances nursing students’ acquisition of knowledge about the public health perspective in nursing. Combined methods were used in the evaluation. Data were collected through focus-group interviews and questionnaire surveys. The results reveal that participation in the municipality’s public healthcare services while studying the subject contributed towards enabling the students enrolled in the practical study to visualize the public health perspective in nursing.
Oral and pharyngeal cancer in Europe
Authors: Diz Pedro , Meleti Marco , Diniz-Freitas Márcio , Vescovi Paolo , Warnakulasuriya Saman , Johnson Newell W , Kerr Alexander Ross
Published: June 2017

Objectives:

Our aim was to provide an up-to-date and review the incidence and mortality of oral and pharyngeal cancer in Europe.

Methods:

Data were retrieved from both national and regional population-based cancer registries. The online browser used in the present study was the European Network of Cancer Registries (EUREG. Version 1.0), which provided data for 22 countries of Northern and Eastern Europe and for 20 countries of Western and Southern Europe on the incidence of and mortality for oral and pharyngeal cancer. For countries not included in EUREG, data were retrieved from the European Cancer Estimates (EUCAN), the Global Cancer Estimates (GLOBOCAN) and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Oral cancer sub-sites were classified according to International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Edition categories.

Results:

Hungary recorded highest rates among European countries for both morbidity and mortality. Historically, France has had high rates particularly in areas in the north of France, where oral cancer was the most common in men. A decline in the incidence has been noted in the past one and half decades. However, France still has the highest incidence rates of orophayngeal cancer, one of the highest in the world. Denmark records high rates of oral cancer in women and lip cancer incidence is high in Spain.

Conclusions:

In Europe, regional differences in oral and pharyngeal cancer in terms of incidence and mortality are evident not only between north and south and between east and west but also within single regions (e.g. between the Scandinavian countries and the former Soviet republics). These findings reflect differences in lifestyle and in exposure to risk factors such as smoking (e.g. high incidence in Danish women), alcohol (e.g. in Lithuanian men) or both (e.g. Belgium and Portugal). Other traditional factors, such as actinic radiation, are responsible for a considerable number of cases of lip cancer (e.g. Spain), and oncogenic potential of human papillomavirus explains the rising trend in oropharyngeal cancer in some countries (e.g. Denmark and Scotland).
Anxiolytic Effects of Buspirone and MTEP in the Porsolt Forced Swim Test
Authors: Lee Kaziya M , Coelho Michal A , Sern Kimberly R , Class MacKayla A , Bocz Mark D , Szumlinski Karen K
Published: June 2017

Traditionally, a reduction in floating behavior or immobility in the Porsolt forced swim test is employed as a predictor of anti-depressant efficacy. However, over the past several years, our studies of alcohol withdrawal-induced negative affect consistently indicate the coincidence of increased anxiety-related behaviors on various behavioral tests with reduced immobility in the forced swim test. Further, this behavioral profile correlates with increased mGlu5 protein expression within limbic brain regions. As the role for mGlu5 in anxiety is well established, we hypothesized that the reduced immobility exhibited by alcohol-withdrawn mice when tested in the forced swim test might reflect anxiety, possibly a hyper-reactivity to the acute swim stressor. Herein, we evaluated whether or not the decreased forced swim test immobility during alcohol withdrawal responds to systemic treatment with a behaviorally effective dose of the prototypical anxiolytic, buspirone (5 mg/kg). We also determined the functional relevance of the withdrawal-induced increase in mGlu5 expression for forced swim test behavior by comparing the effects of buspirone to a behaviorally effective dose of the mGlu5 negative allosteric modulator MTEP (3 mg/kg). Adult male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to a 14-day, multi-bottle, binge-drinking protocol that elicits hyper-anxiety and increases glutamate-related protein expression during early withdrawal. Control animals received only water. At 24-h withdrawal, animals from each drinking condition were subdivided into groups and treated with an intraperitoneal injection of buspirone, MTEP, or vehicle, 30 min prior to the forced swim test. Drug effects on general locomotor activity were also assessed. As we reported previously, alcohol-withdrawn animals exhibited significantly reduced immobility in the forced swim test compared to water controls. Both buspirone and MTEP significantly increased immobility in alcohol-withdrawn animals, with a modest increase also seen in water controls. No significant group differences were observed for locomotor activity, indicating that neither anxiolytic was sedating. These results provide predictive validity for increased swimming/reduced immobility in the forced swim test as a model of anxiety and provide novel evidence in favor of mGlu5 inhibition as an effective therapeutic strategy for treating hyper-anxiety during alcohol withdrawal.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: The Relationship Between the Fear Response and Chronic Stress
Authors: Maeng Lisa Y , Milad Mohammed R
Published: June 2017

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling psychiatric condition that can develop following a physical, psychological, or sexual trauma. Despite the growing body of literature examining the psychological and biological factors involved in PTSD psychopathology, specific biomarkers that may improve diagnosis and treatment of PTSD have yet to be identified and validated. This challenge may be attributed to the diverse array of symptoms that individuals with the disorder manifest. Examining the interrelated stress and fear systems allows for a more comprehensive study of these symptoms, and through this approach, which aligns with the research domain criteria (RDoC) framework, neural and psychophysiological measures of PTSD have emerged. In this review, we discuss PTSD neurobiology and treatment within the context of fear and stress network interactions and elucidate the advantages of using an RDoC approach to better understand PTSD with fear conditioning and extinction paradigms.
A specialized pathway for erythroid iron delivery through lysosomal trafficking of transferrin receptor 2
Authors: Khalil Shadi , Holy Maja , Grado Stephen , Fleming Robert , Kurita Ryo , Nakamura Yukio , Goldfarb Adam
Published: June 2017

Key Points

Transferrin receptor 2 drives lysosomal delivery of transferrin in erythroid progenitors. Erythroid mitochondria specifically associate with lysosomes and are regulated by transferrin receptor 2.
The influence of gender and body mass index on the FPI‐6 evaluated foot posture of 10‐ to 14‐year‐old school children in São Paulo, Brazil: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: de Carvalho Barbarah Kelly Gonçalves , Penha Patrícia Jundi , Penha Nárima Lívia Jundi , Andrade Rodrigo Mantelatto , Ribeiro Ana Paula , João Sílvia Maria Amado
Published: June 2017

Background

Adolescence is marked by changes to the body, including the feet. The Foot Posture Index (FPI‐6) stands out from other foot type classification methods as valid, reliable, and multidimensional. However, the current literature differs according to age group, with little consolidation of normative data in school children, largely due to the influence of such factors as sex, age and body mass index (BMI). Thus, this study assesses foot posture in adolescents according to age, sex and BMI.

Methods

The study evaluated 1.394 adolescents from Amparo and Pedreira regions in São Paulo, Brazil. Subjects were positioned barefoot on a wooden base and each foot was assessed by FPI‐6 criteria. Each criterion was scored on a scale of −2 to +2, negative for supinated and positive for pronated posture. Initially the data were assessed for normality using the Shapiro‐Wilk test and descriptive statistics were calculated. To investigate and compare the scores of FPI‐6 with regards to age and body mass index, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, followed by post hoc Tukey. To compare the FPI‐6 with regard to gender, an independent student t test was used. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 and the 5% significance level.

Results

Boys had higher scores than girls (p = 0.037) for the right foot, and the group with normal BMI values scored higher than the obese group (p = 0.001). For the left foot, 11‐ and 13‐year‐olds differed (p = 0.024) with respect to age in general. The overweight and obese group scored lower than the normal BMI group (p = 0.039; p = 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

Overall, the feet in this study were classified as normal, with a tendency to pronation, particularly in boys. There were differences between the 11 and 13 year groups and, with regard to BMI, there were higher scores for the group with normal BMI. Therefore, a higher BMI in adolescence is not indicative of a pronated foot type.
Painting, Peonies, and Ming Loyalism in Qing-Dynasty China, 1644–1795
Authors: Chiem Kristen
Published: June 2017

From the conquest of the Ming dynasty in 1644 by the Manchurians through the literary inquisitions of the eighteenth century, seemingly innocuous paintings of peony flowers kept alive a discourse of Ming loyalism among Chinese artists and poets. While the peony's appearance in poetic imagery was deemed seditious by the Qianlong emperor (r. 1736–1795), paintings by Yun Shouping, Shitao, Hua Yan, and Jin Nong, among many others, endured a century and a half of censorship, all the while contributing to portrayals of the flower in court imagery. This study examines peony paintings by several artists active in the Jiangnan region to consider how their works demonstrated traces of dissent or used loyalist imagery to deepen social ties. It reveals how these garden subjects were made powerfully subversive after centuries of dormant conventionality, seen merely as auspicious symbols until the Qing dynasty. Their multivalent imagery allowed them to exist in multiple, conflicted contexts: north and south, literati and academic, private and public, and, in the ultimate coup, amid both loyalists and the Manchu court.
Transformations of Identity and the Buddha's Infancy Narratives at Kanaganahalli
Authors: Quintanilla Sonya Rhie
Published: June 2017

This essay proposes a chronology of sculptural embellishment at the recently excavated Buddhist stūpa at Kanaganahalli in the state of Karnataka in southwestern India. Included is the interpretation of caption inscriptions as later additions, applied during the second century ce in order to alter and update the meaning of older, preexisting imagery from the first century bce. Transforming the meaning of visual images by the addition of new descriptive inscriptions indicates a shift in interests and priorities in the Buddhist community at Kanaganahalli over the span of about 150 years.

The narrative episode from the life of the Buddha Śākyamuni in which his mother presents him as a newborn to the deity of a tree-shrine is featured as a key example of this phenomenon. While the sculpted image depicts the spirit of a tree venerating the infant, the caption inscription identifies the scene as the presentation of Śākyamuni to the deity of his father's ancestral clan, described in textual sources as performed by men at a structural temple. The shift in meaning of this and other images at Kanaganahalli indicate that Buddhist narrative sources and emphases from predominantly patriarchal northern regions rose to greater prominence in the south during the second century ce. The new identities of older imagery diminish the role of vernacular women's rites, which were important in the southern regions of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, where the social structure of local populations was matriarchal.
The internet trade of counterfeit spirits in Russia – an emerging problem undermining alcohol, public health and youth protection policies?
Authors: Neufeld Maria , Lachenmeier Dirk W. , Walch Stephan G. , Rehm Jürgen
Published: June 2017

Counterfeit alcohol belongs to the category of unrecorded alcohol not reflected in official statistics. The internet trade of alcoholic beverages has been prohibited by the Russian Federation since 2007, but various sellers still offer counterfeit spirits (i.e., forged brand spirits) over the internet to Russian consumers, mostly in a non-deceptive fashion at prices up to 15 times lower than in regular sale. The public health issues arising from this unregulated trade include potential harm to underage drinkers, hazards due to toxic ingredients such as methanol, but most importantly alcohol harms due to potentially increased drinking volumes due to low prices and high availability on the internet. The internet sale also undermines existing alcohol policies such as restrictions of sale locations, sale times and minimum pricing. The need to enforce measures against counterfeiting of spirits, but specifically their internet trade should be implemented as key elements of alcohol policies to reduce unrecorded alcohol consumption, which is currently about 33 % of total consumption in Russia.
Phylogeny, taxonomy and biogeography of Neotropical Quiinoideae (Ochnaceae s.l.)
Authors: Schneider Julio V. , Zizka Georg
Published: June 2017

Amazonia arguably harbours the highest plant species diversity of all wet tropical regions on earth. There is increasing evidence that this enormous diversity is the product of a rather long and complex process and not of a single cause. Here, we investigated divergence times and diversification dynamics in the Neotropical Quiinoideae (Malpighiales: Ochnaceae s.l.) to explore different evolutionary hypotheses for the accumulation of high species diversity. Additionally, we reappraised the phylogenetic relationships and species circumscriptions using sequences of six plastid and nuclear DNA regions and the most comprehensive taxon sampling of the subfamily to date. Molecular dating indicated that Quiinoideae originated during the late Cretaceous, whereas crown group taxa started to diverge at the Eocene‐Oligocene boundary. The lack of rate shifts in this subfamily supports the “museum” model of diversification. The rather constant species accumulation also suggests that the Pleistocene glacial cycles did not play an important role for the diversification of Quiinoideae. While ancestral area reconstruction was inconclusive, the post‐Miocene divergence times of the west Amazonian species provided some evidence that these areas might not have been available for colonization until the demise of the Lake Pebas and Acre wetlands. New infrageneric groups were inferred, and some species were found to be non‐monophyletic, requiring taxonomic reassessment and demonstrating the need for including multiple individuals per species in species‐level phylogenies.
Introduction of the Concept of the Development of Geographical Education in the Russian Federation: Content Modernization and Regulatory Legal Support
Authors: Абатурова  , Abaturova Valentina , Крылова  , Krylova O.
Published: June 2017

This article reveals the main issues of the correspondence of the content of modern geographic education at different stages of the developed concept of the development of geographic education in the Russian Federation, provides an overview of regulatory legal support, and outlines the organizational and methodological problems of implementing this concept.
Experimental justification of the use of biologically active draining sorbent and plasma enriched by thrombocytes in treatment of bleeding defects of the stomach
Authors: Чередников  , Cherednikov E.
Published: June 2017

ф
Information system of additional channel of feedback for video okulographic interfaces human-computer
Authors: Туровский  , Turovskiy Yaroslav
Published: June 2017

ф
RECRUITING AS AN INNOVATIVE SYSTEM OF PERSONNEL SELECTION
Authors: Семенова  , Semenova P.
Published: June 2017

The article deals in details with innovative methods of recruitment, which are popular and effective these days, reveals positive and negative aspects of it, explains the essence and the methods of recruitment implementation in organization. This article explains and stresses the importance of using innovative methods for maintaining organizational competitiveness and for more comfortable and quicker research of qualified senior and middle-level managers. The author explains some situations on the labor market, addressed from both the employee side and the employer side, also defects the causes of popularization each models on Russian labor market. The article explains development trends of recruitment in Russia, justifies risks and perspectives of implementation and the organization greater use.
INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SYSTEM OF STAFF ASSISTANCE OF THE REGION’S ECONOMY
Authors: Никулина  , Nikulina Yu.
Published: June 2017

The relevance of the work due to the fact that at the regional level was not sufficiently developed information-analytical system of interaction of labor markets and educational services as key elements of human resources in the economy. The article considers tendencies of development of the labour market and the vocational education system, the problems and conditions of their cooperation at the present stage. The author grouped the main elements of the information-analytical system of staffing of economy and analyzes how they are implemented in practice. The results of surveys of consumers of educational services market and labour market to assess the relevance of the Internet as a source of information are given. The necessity of the development of the Internet portal “Staffing of the regional economy” is justified, aimed at overcoming the informational deficit on the regional labour market through the provision of timely and accessible information on the balanced development of the labour market and the education system in a clear and user-friendly.
Innovation technologies of combined machining methods
Authors: Смоленцев Владислав , Smolentsev Vladislav
Published: June 2017

The analysis of the state of scientific investigations and the results achieved in the matter of the application of product combined machining methods with the use of various kinds of physicochemical impacts in which at least one refers to electric methods of working is presented. The technological possibilities of well-known and new combined processes are shown, the forecasts on their efficient use in mechanical engineering are given.
Machine-building materials of the new generation: a textbook for university students
Authors: Волков  , Volkov Georgiy
Published: June 2017

The theoretical foundations and technological principles of crea-ting constructional and functio-nal materials with аbove-world-level properties are presented in a textbook. Examples how an unique properties of these mate-rials are implementing in engi-neering products with above-world level properties are given.
For developers of new equip-ment and students of engineer-
ing science.
National Economy
Authors: Савченко  , Savchenko Pol , Макаров  , Makarov V. , Абрамова  , Abramova Marina , Андрианов  , Andrianov Vladimir , Ахапкин  , Akhapkin Nikolay , Барковский  , Barkovskiy Anatoliy , Бобков  , Bobkov Vyachyeslav , Бобылев  , Bobylyev Syergyey , Борисов  , Borisov Vladimir , Буданов  , Budanov Igor , Бухвальд  , Bukhvald Evgeniy , Валентей  , Valyentyey Syergyey , Варнавский  , Varnavskiy Vladimir , Варшавский  , Varshavskiy Alyeksandr , Виленский  , Vilyenskiy Alyeksandr , Егоров  , YEgorov YEvgyeniy , Жильцов  , ZHiltsov YEvgyeniy , Журавлева  , ZHuravlyeva Galina , Зверева  , Zvyeryeva Nataliya , Карпова  , Karpova Nataliya , Квашнина  , Kvashnina Irina , Киселев  , Kiselev S. , Кольчугина  , Kolchugina Anastasiya , Кульков  , Kulkov Viktor , Куранов  , Kuranov Gennadiy , Кушлин  , Kushlin Valyeriy , Лаврушин  , Lavrushin Olyeg , Лыкова  , Lykova Lyudmila , Мальгинова  , Malginova YElizavyeta , Медведев  , Myedvyedyev Ivan , Молчанов  , Molchanov Igor' , Молчанова  , Molchanova Natal'ya , Музычук  , Muzychuk Valyentina , Нешитой  , Nyeshitoy Anatoliy , Никифоров  , Nikiforov Lyev , Ольсевич  , Olsyevich YUliy , Погосов  , Pogosov Igor , Полынев  , Polynev Andrey , Пушкарева  , Pushkaryeva Galina , Ржаницына  , Rzhanitsyna Lyudmila , Рязанов  , Ryazanov Viktor , Сидорович  , Sidorovich Aleksandr , Соболев  , Sobolyev Eduard , Соболева  , Sobolyeva Irina , Сорокин  , Sorokin Dmitriy , Стрижкова  , Strizhkova Lyubov , Суворов  , Suvorov Anatoliy , Суворов  , Suvorov Nikolay , Сутягин  , Sutyagin Valyeriy , Трещина  , Treshchina Svetlana , Федорова  , Fyedorova Mariya , Фигурнова  , Figurnova Natalya , Чванов  , CHvanov Robyert , Черкасова  , Cherkasova T. , Черковец  , CHyerkovyets Olyeg , Черных  , CHyernykh Syergyey , Чубарова  , Chubarova Tatyana , Шагайда  , Shagayda Natalya , Ширяева  , SHiryayeva Rimma , Шлихтер  , SHlikhtyer Alyeksyey
Published: June 2017

In the fifth edition of the textbook the whole presentation of a national economy of modern Russia as an integrate block of social-economic system is given, its universal and specific peculiarities, national interests, realities and vectors of its development are described. Potential of the national economy, its institutions, production and territorial complexes, economic actors, reproduction and stable development, functions of, state and market regulation, finance and real sectors, social institutions of national economy, Russian participation in the world economy are revealed. System of indexes and tools of analysis, strategic economic planning and prognosis at makro-, mezo- and mikrolevel is suggested in the textbook.
For students of economic specialities, higher edecacional istitutions, graduate students, researchers.
Hiring Preferences in Online Labor Markets: Evidence of a Female Hiring Bias
Authors: Chan Jason , Wang Jing
Published: June 2017

Online labor marketplaces facilitate the efficient matching of employers and workers across geographical boundaries. The exponential growth of this nascent online phenomenon holds important social and economic implications, as the hiring decisions made on these online platforms implicate the incomes of millions of workers worldwide. Despite this importance, limited effort has been devoted to understanding whether potential hiring biases exist in online labor platforms and how they may affect hiring outcomes. Using a novel proprietary data set from a leading online labor platform, we investigate the impact of gender-based stereotypes on hiring outcomes. After accounting for endogeneity via a holistic set of job and worker controls, a matched sample approach, and a quasi-experimental technique, we find evidence of a positive hiring bias in favor of female workers. An experiment was used to uncover the underlying gender-specific traits that could influence hiring outcomes. We find that the observed hiring bias diminishes as employers gain more hiring experience on the platform. In addition, the female hiring bias appears to stem solely from the consideration of applicants from developing countries, and not those from developed countries. Subanalyses show that women are preferred in feminine-typed occupations while men do not enjoy higher hiring likelihoods in masculine-typed occupations. We also find that female employers are more susceptible to the female hiring bias compared to male employers. Our findings provide key insights for several groups of stakeholders including policy makers, platform owners, hiring managers, and workers. Managerial and practical implications are discussed.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2756 .

This paper was accepted by Chris Forman, information systems.
Asymmetry and Ambiguity in Newsvendor Models
Authors: Natarajan Karthik , Sim Melvyn , Uichanco Joline
Published: June 2017

A basic assumption of the classical newsvendor model is that the probability distribution of the random demand is known. But in most realistic settings, only partial distribution information is available or reliably estimated. The distributionally robust newsvendor model is often used in this case where the worst-case expected profit is maximized over the set of distributions satisfying the known information, which is usually the mean and covariance of demands. However, covariance does not capture information on asymmetry of the demand distribution. In this paper, we introduce a measure of distribution asymmetry using second-order partitioned statistics. Semivariance is a special case with a single partition of the univariate demand. With mean, variance, and semivariance information, we show that a three-point distribution achieves the worst-case expected profit and derive a closed-form expression for the distributionally robust order quantity. For multivariate demand, the distributionally robust problem with partitioned statistics is hard to solve, but we develop a computationally tractable lower bound through the solution of a semidefinite program. We demonstrate in numerical experiments that asymmetry information significantly reduces expected profit loss particularly when the true distribution is heavy tailed. In computational experiments on automotive spare parts demand data, we provide evidence that the distributionally robust model that includes partitioned statistics outperforms the model that uses only covariance information.

The electronic companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2773 .

This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Mitigating Spillover in Online Retailing via Replenishment
Authors: Acimovic Jason , Graves Stephen C.
Published: June 2017

Online purchases constitute about one-tenth of U.S. retail sales. The supply chains that support online retailing are fundamentally different from those that support traditional brick-and-mortar stores. Traditional solutions are not always appropriate to solve online retailing’s operations problems; thus, there is an opportunity to understand and improve these novel supply chains. One key characteristic of the inventory systems for online retailing is demand spillover, whereby a stockout at a fulfillment center (FC) results in demand spilling over to another FC. For this context we examine how to allocate inventory to the FCs under a periodic-review joint-replenishment policy, with an objective to minimize outbound shipping costs for a fixed amount of inventory. We first show how traditional decentralized allocation policies may perform suboptimally and induce dynamics (whiplash) that result in costly spillover. We find that this phenomenon increases with the prevalence of local stockouts and with the level of inventory imbalance. We then describe that inventory imbalance occurs in online retailing because of operational realities and provide evidence based on real data. Finally, we propose a heuristic to allocate inventory accounting for possible spillover during the lead time. We test the heuristic by a simulation and show that it performs better than the status quo policy, is robust to operational realities, and captures over 90% of the possible improvement as compared to a pseudo-optimal policy.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2016.0614 .
Introducing dialogic feedback to HCA education: reflection in action
Authors: Hayes Catherine , Fulton John A
Published: June 2017

Dialogic feedback is the provision of feedback on submitted work, with which learners can engage and then formulate a response as to how they will address highlighted issues of importance within it. Written for healthcare assistant (HCA) educators and trainers, this article provides an insight into the processes of formative and summative assessment and how dialogic feedback can be a useful means of engaging HCA students in practice. The processes advocated are presented as a means of improving interactive dialogue with students and as a means of encouraging deeper learning, which can be further integrated into practice with patients and their families and carers.

The article outlines the core characteristics of where using dialogic feedback can be used as a potential means of improving the transferable skillsets that HCAs attain in practice. Core aspects of reflection are considered and their place within future curriculum development for HCAs is outlined.
Stress in chelonians (tortoises, terrapins and turtles)
Authors: Williams Jane
Published: June 2017

Chelonians are not commonly seen in general veterinary practice. Stress, distress and pain can be very difficult to observe or measure in this group of reptiles. As ectotherms they are totally reliant on the captive environment for provision of suitable conditions to maintain good health and wellbeing. This is essential to avoid environmental stress in chelonians. Stress in captivity is likely to be chronic, and is often due to poor husbandry or environmental conditions. Transportation, treatment and handling could also lead to acute stress episodes. Any treatment, extended stay or handling at the veterinary practice requires provision of suitable accommodation, which is often not available.
Cruciate Retaining compared with Posterior Stabilised Nexgen total knee arthroplasty: results at 10 years in a matched cohort
Authors: Mayne AIW , Harshavardhan HP , Johnston LR , Wang W , Jariwala A
Published: June 2017

INTRODUCTION

Debate has persisted for many years about whether to sacrifice or replace the posterior cruciate ligament when performing total knee arthroplasty. A paucity of long-term follow-up studies comparing outcomes between cruciate-retaining and posterior-stabilised knees exist. We aimed to compare results at ten-year follow-up.

METHODS

A matched paired study comparing a cohort of 107 Zimmer Nexgen® Cruciate Retaining (CR) patients with a cohort of 107 Nexgen Posterior-Stabilised (PS) knees matched for age, sex, body mass index and preoperative American Knee Society score was undertaken. All patients underwent independent clinical assessment and knee society scoring preoperatively and at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 years postoperatively.

RESULTS

Fifty-three patients (49.5%) in the CR group and 44 patients (41.1%) in the PS group were alive at 10-year follow-up. There were no significant differences between the CR and PS groups with regards to functional assessment (P = 0.95), overall range of movement (P = 0.46) or patient satisfaction (P = 1.0) at 10 years. However, there was a significantly better score improvement in range of movement in PS knees compared with CR knees (P = 0.027). There were six revisions (5.6%) in the PS group and 1 (0.93%) in the CR group (P = 0.12). Both CR and PS knees showed excellent survivorship with no significant difference at 10 years (P = 0.068).

CONCLUSIONS

There were no significant differences in functional score, overall range of motion or patient satisfaction between the Nexgen cruciate retaining and posterior stabilised total knee arthroplasty at 10-year follow-up. However, PS knees had a greater score improvement in range of motion compared with CR knees.
Medical device use post Brexit: should we be concerned?
Authors: Keogh K , McConaghie G
Published: June 2017

The potential effect of our departure from the EU on regulation and supply.
Consent for a cannula
Authors: Wheeler Robert
Published: June 2017

Each month we take a close look at a recent legal case with implications for the surgical profession