bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estudo comparativo das condições higiênicosanitárias em unidades de nutrição e dietética em Belém, Pará
Authors: Ferreira Anna Cleyde Caldas , Morais Bruno Henrique dos Santos , Rezende Ana Lúcia da Silva
Published: December 2017

A refeição ofertada em ambiente hospitalar é indispensável para a recuperação da saúde do paciente. Assim, condições higiênicas inapropriadas expõem o alimento a fontes de contaminação, e podem estar vinculadas a doenças transmitidas por alimentos, tornando-se vias de infecção hospitalar. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as condições higiênico-sanitárias de duas Unidades de Nutrição e Dietética (UND) do município de Belém (PA). Como instrumento de avaliação foi utilizado uma ficha de verificação (checklist) adaptada do anexo II da RDC nº 275 de 2002, do Ministério da Saúde, e de acordo com os padrões de conformidade da RDC nº 216 de 2004. No presente estudo, a UND particular apresentou, no parâmetro global, 62,06% de conformidades e 37,94% de não conformidades. Já a UND pública apresentou 60,24% de conformidades e 39,76% de não conformidades. Segundo a RDC 275/02 as duas cozinhas hospitalares estão classificadas no grupo 2, pois constataram mais de 51% de itens conformes. Apesar de ambas apresentarem médio risco sanitário, recomenda-se a necessidade de reparar algumas falhas que podem comprometer direto ou indiretamente a recuperação dos pacientes atendidos nesses hospitais.
Avaliação da eficiência da educação nutricional em escolares obesos
Authors: Baroni Wilma Stella Giffoni Vieira , Menezes Jones Baroni Ferreira de , Castro Sônia Maria Vieira de
Published: December 2017

A obesidade infantil é considerada uma epidemia, que ocorre devido às mudanças no estilo de vida e na alimentação. Para prevenir e evitar a obesidade e suas consequências na saúde das crianças, deve-se investir em trabalhos de educação nutricional. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de um trabalho de educação nutricional em estudantes obesos de 6 a 8 anos de duas escolas particulares de Fortaleza. A amostra foi composta de 10 crianças avaliadas como obesas por parâmetros antropométricos. Desenvolveu-se um trabalho de educação nutricional em um período de 2 meses, com encontros semanais que duravam, em média, 20 a 30 minutos, em que as crianças eram submetidas a atividades lúdico-educativas sobre alimentação saudável. Foi aplicado questionário de consumo alimentar antes do início do trabalho e após a finalização das atividades. Os resultados mostraram uma melhoria no número de refeições diárias e na qualidade dos líquidos ingeridos durante as refeições, além da diminuição da ingestão de alimentos não saudáveis. Não se obteve melhora no consumo de verduras, frutas, laticínios e na ingestão de líquidos durante as refeições. Assim, as atividades de educação nutricional foram capazes de promover algumas mudanças positivas nos hábitos alimentares das crianças obesas.
Study of time perception in modern psychology
Authors: Solodkova A.V.
Published: December 2017

Perception of time is one of the most important functions in human life. Coherence of movements and speech, perception properties and relations of objects in sync communication depend on how precisely the differentiation of temporal fractions occurs. That is why this area is of great interest to researchers. For a long period of study, they have accumulated a big store of knowledge; at present, the challenge for researchers is to build up models that can explain the mechanisms underlying these complex mental functions. One of the directions that can provide an explanation for many aspects of time perception is considered to be a transcendental psychology of A.I. Mirakyan
Implementation guidelines for green data centres
Authors: Tubaishat Abdallah , Sumaidaa Sara
Published: December 2017

Increased reliance on technology and online transactions has increased the heat generated in data centres, due to greater access, storage, aggregation and analysis of such data. This paper discusses the downsides of traditional data centres and highlights the importance of applying green IT practices. It explores the benefits and proposes guidelines on shifting to green data centres. The recommendations to go green are to: a) reduce energy by applying green IT practices, b) eliminate redundancies in server systems and cooling modules, c) turn on power management tools on servers and terminals when applicable, d) utilise newer technologies of power consumption and e) minimise internal barriers to establish a good energy management policy. The benefits expected from the proposed approach are minimised pollution levels and lower the cost of activities, among others. The findings of the study will also contribute to face the challenge of global warming and help in better management and control of power consumption.

Keywords: Traditional data centres, green data centres, green computing, emission.
Technical performance analysis of goalkeepers with respect to the sidedness in Turkish Soccer Super League
Authors: Ziyagil M. Akif
Published: December 2017

Technical performance analyses of 45 goalkeepers with respect to handedness and sidedness in Turkish Soccer Super League were monitored by hand notation method during the season of 2015 and 2016. The results of this study showed that there were significant differences in the distribution between goalkeeperâ€™s saved and scored actions in the following variables. These were as follows; catch the ball with two hands, reaching the ball with right hand at higher level, reaching the ball with left hand at higher level, penalty kick to the right side, penalty kick to the left side and reaching to right side in one on one situation. Percentages were not significantly differentiated in other variables between two groups. In conclusion, scoring a goal rates were increasing at the left side of goalkeepers in all positions. This weakness of goalkeepers can be due to higher proportions of right handedness goalkeepers.

Keywords: Goalkeeper; sidedness; technical performance analysis
Automatic Definition Extraction and Crossword Generation From Spanish News Text
Authors: Esteche Jennifer , Romero Romina , Chiruzzo Luis , Rosá Aiala
Published: December 2017

This paper describes the design and implementation of a system that takes Spanish texts and generates crosswords (board and definitions) in a fully automatic way using definitions extracted from those texts. Our solution divides the problem in two parts: a definition extraction module that applies pattern matching implemented in Python, and a crossword generation module that uses a greedy strategy implemented in Prolog. The system achieves 73% precision and builds crosswords similar to those built by humans.
Social Capital and Economic Development: A Neighborhood Perspective
Authors: Hanka Matthew J. , Engbers Trent Aaron
Published: December 2017

Sean Safford’s 2009 book Why the Garden Club Couldn’t Save Youngstown introduces a revolutionary idea that much of a community’s economic resilience is tied to the social capital that exists within it. Recent research suggests that social capital not only benefits those who develop it, but it can serve as a source of economic development in the communities in which it arises. Past quantitative research on the economic benefit of social capital has only examined the city or higher levels of aggregation. This study measures social capital in three diverse socioeconomic neighborhoods to better understand how social capital can serve as a tool for economic development. An ordered probit regression model was developed to examine how individual and neighborhood levels of social capital benefit households within these communities. Moreover, this study addresses how differences in social capital across neighborhoods are explained by both individual and neighborhood characteristics.
Multi-point monitoring of nitrous oxide emissions in three full-scale conventional activated sludge tanks in Europe
Authors: Bellandi Giacomo , Porro Jose , Senesi Elisa , Caretti Cecilia , Caffaz Simone , Weijers Stefan , Nopens Ingmar , Gori Riccardo
Published: December 2017

The large global warming potential of nitrous oxide (N2O) is currently of general concern for the water industry, especially in view of a new regulatory framework concerning the carbon footprint of water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). N2O can be generated through different biological pathways and from different treatment steps of a WRRF. The use of generic emission factors (EF) for quantifying the emissions of WRRFs is discouraged. This is due to the number of different factors that can affect how much, when and where N2O is emitted from WRRFs. The spatial and temporal variability of three WRRFs in Europe using comparable technologies is presented. An economically feasible and user-friendly method for accounting for the contribution of anoxic zones via direct gas emission measurements was proven. The investigation provided new insights into the contribution from the anoxic zones versus the aerobic zones of biological WRRF tanks and proved the unsuitability of the use of a single EF for the three WRRFs. Dedicated campaigns for N2O emissions assessment are to be advised. However, similarities in the EF magnitude can be found considering treatment strategy and influent water composition.
Oposición legislativa y patronazgo político. Gasto en empleo público de los estados en México, 2001-2012
Authors: Armesto Alejandra , Olmeda Juan C.
Published: December 2017

En el artículo se argumenta que el patronazgo político depende de la fuerza de negociación de la oposición en el Congreso. Esta hipótesis se pone a prueba a través del análisis del gasto público en salarios de los gobiernos estatales en México. Se combina información estadística sobre el salario del sector público por habitante para el periodo 2001-2012, con datos de la encuesta a expertos en política estatal en México, que considera la fortaleza e influencia de la oposición en las legislaturas estatales. El análisis especifica modelos jerárquicos lineales, y muestra que el nivel de patronazgo será mayor cuanto más limitado esté el Poder Ejecutivo por la oposición legislativa. Estos hallazgos contribuyen con una hipótesis original a los estudios acerca del patronazgo y de la relación entre la oposición en el Congreso y el Ejecutivo.
Autoeficacia, Percepción de salud y soledad, sobre la calidad de vida en Adultos Mayores
Authors: González-Celis Rangel Ana Luisa , Lima Ortiz Lizbeth
Published: December 2017

El incremento en la esperanza de vida y la disminución de la tasa de fecundidad ha provocado que la población de adultos mayores de 60 años vaya en constante aumento alrededor del mundo. En este sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación fue probar si existen diferencias entre los niveles de autoeficacia para realizar actividades cotidianas, percepción de salud y sentimientos de soledad, sobre la calidad de vida y sus dimensiones: satisfacción en las actividades, experiencia de autonomía, habilidades sensoriales, experiencia de intimidad, participación social y temor a la muerte, en adultos mayores del Estado de México. Los resultados reflejan que las puntuaciones de calidad de vida y su dimensión “participación social” son diferentes dependiendo del nivel de percepción de autoeficacia para actividades sociales. Asimismo, las puntuaciones de calidad de vida, para todas sus dimensiones, fueron diferentes a partir de la percepción de salud y de los sentimientos de soledad. La identificación de cómo la calidad de vida cambia de acuerdo al nivel de autoeficacia, percepción de salud y soledad, contribuye a la generación de intervenciones psicológicas que promuevan una mejor calidad de vida para esta población.
Aportaciones de las percepciones socio-ecológicas a la Educación Ambiental
Authors: Aguilar Cucurachi María Del Socorro , Merçon Juliana , Silva Evodia
Published: December 2017

En el actual contexto de crisis socio-ecológica surge la necesidad de analizar cómo los grupos humanos le damos significado a la naturaleza, siendo éste el principal objetivo en el estudio de las percepciones. Por su parte, la Educación Ambiental emerge para hacer frente a la crisis actual, al promover actitudes y valores para mitigar sus consecuencias y buscar soluciones. Ante este propósito, estudiar las percepciones constituye un proceso pertinente para comprender las realidades afectadas, así como para construir y evaluar procesos educativos. Argumentamos que el estudio de las percepciones debe ser enmarcado dentro de un esquema interdisciplinario. El presente estudio apunta a tres formas en las que las percepciones contribuyen a la Educación Ambiental: 1) La Educación Ambiental como objeto perceptual y de análisis; 2) La Educación Ambiental, que desde su noción transformadora puede incidir como factor de influencia sobre las percepciones socio-ecológicas, y 3) Las percepciones como una herramienta pedagógica. Valorar las aportaciones del estudio de las percepciones al campo de la Educación Ambiental posibilita la construcción de procesos educativos significativos desde y para las diferentes realidades socio-ecológicas.
El movimiento Maker y los procesos de generación, transferencia y uso del conocimiento
Authors: Morales Martínez Yalú Maricela , Dutrénit Bielous Gabriela
Published: December 2017

A nivel internacional se observa una rápida irrupción de tecnologías que involucra a la impresión 3D, robótica, inteligencia artificial, internet de las cosas entre otras, con diferentes niveles de desarrollo y repercusiones en ámbitos diversos. El despliegue de la llamada “revolución digital” parece avizorar una tendencia al desvanecimiento de la división entre el mundo físico y el mundo de la información. Si bien en el pasado una red de fabricación, distribución y comercialización a escala industrial llevaba los productos a manos del consumidor, hoy en día, con la maduración de la impresión 3D, las computadoras tienen el potencial de reproducir productos directamente desde archivos digitales. Este fenómeno se inscribe en la llamada “democratización de las herramientas de diseño y fabricación”, configurando al “movimiento Maker” en una de sus expresiones culturales más interesantes, bajo el lema de “hágalo usted mismo”. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el surgimiento del movimiento Maker, describir los conceptos que definen la esencia del movimiento, así como explorar los desafíos que conllevan estos cambios en la generación, transferencia y uso del conocimiento. Este trabajo se basa en una amplia revisión de literatura, que desde diferentes cuerpos teóricos y metodologías, aborda estos temas emergentes.
The outcome of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia complicated with ventilator - associated pneumonia in a patient suffering from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: A case report
Authors: Petrovic Sara , Jovicic Popovska , Rakovic Ivana , Canovic Predrag , Nesic Ljiljana , Petrovic Ivica
Published: December 2017

Introduction. The respiratory tract is the most common site of opportunistic
infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and
respiratory failure is the leading cause of death in these cases. In
addition, the use of mechanical ventilation in the treatment of respiratory
failure carries a high risk of nosocomial pneumonia caused by
multidrug-resistant strains of bacteria. Case report. We present a human
immunodeficiency virus-positive patient with positive outcome of Pneumocystis
jiroveci pneumonia whose condition progressed to acute respiratory distress
syndrome with the development of complications associated with mechanical
ventilation. As soon as an opportunistic infection was suspected,
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and corticosteroid therapy were initiated, with
a short application of mechanical ventilation. Despite a good initial
response to treatment, during the mechanical ventilation, a relapse of fever
occurred, as well as development of productive cough, new zones of
consolidation on chest X-ray and Acinetobacter spp. was isolated in a swab
culture. According to the literature recommendations, colistinmeropenem
combination was conducted with adequate response. The patient was discharged
after 22 days of treatment, in good general condition, afebrile, with normal
laboratory parameters and gas exchange, without subjective symptoms.
Conclusion. Early identification of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, timely
initiation of prophylaxis and treatment, along with antiretroviral therapy,
re?duced the risk of severe clinical events and respiratory failure. Also,
timely recognition of complications of mechanical ventilation, identification
of infection, early extubation and application of appropriate antibiotic
therapy, reduce the mortality from nosocomial pneumonia caused by multi-drug
resistant hospital strains of microorganisms.
Detection of human embryo aneuploidy in the procedure of in vitro fertilization after preimplantation genetic screening using array comparative genomic hybridization
Authors: Vukosavljevic Jelena , Trninic-Pjevic Aleksandra , Bjelica Artur , Jagodic Ivana , Kopitovic Vesna , Milatovic Stevan
Published: December 2017

Introduction. Numerical aberrations (whole chromosomal aneuploidy) have been
considered one of the most important factors leading to implantation failure
and early miscarriages in patients undergoing assisted reproductive
procedures. Embryo selection is mainly based on morphological assessment;
however, embryos produced from aneuploid gametes cannot be distinguished from
euploid based on morphological characteristics. Detection of aneuploidy in
human embryos. Thanks to the introduction of molecular-genetic screening of
embryos, it is possible to identify aneuploid embryos via preimplantation
genetic screening/diagnosis and thus select the best embryos based on their
ploidy. Array comparative genomic hybridization is a molecular technique
which allows ploidy analysis of the entire genome amplification from a single
cell, within 24 hours after polar body, blastomere or trophectoderm cell
biopsy. Trophectoderm cell biopsy is considered the most reliable screening
approach given the lower mosaicism appearance at the blastocyst stage.
Conclusion. This paper points to the importance and necessity of molecular
analysis in embryo selection. Further investigations and improvements are
required, because this technology has only recently become available in
clinical practice in the in vitro fertilization procedure.
On stability of triangular points of the restricted relativistic elliptic three-body problem with triaxial and oblate primaries
Authors: Zahra K. , Awad Z. , Dwidar H.R. , Radwan M.
Published: December 2017

This paper investigates the location and linear stability of triangular
points under combined effects of perturbations: triaxialty of a massive
primary, oblateness of a less massive one, and relativistic corrections. The
primaries in this system are assumed to move in elliptical orbits around
their common barycenter. It is found that the locations of the triangular
points are affected by the involved perturbations. The stability of orbits
near these points is also examined. We observed that these points are stable
for the mass ratio, ?, range 0 < ? < ?c, where ?c is the critical mass ratio,
and unstable for the range ?c ? ? ? 0.5.
Corrigendum: Orbit limited theory in the solar wind - k distributions (Serb. Astron. J. No. 192 (2016), 27)
Authors: Editorial E
Published: December 2017

In the previously published article, Eq. (16) is not correct (at least not for an arbitrary parameter
values).

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/SAJ160220004M
Revisiting the Relationships Between Measures of Glycemic Control and Hypoglycemia in Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data Sets
Authors: Gimenez Marga , Tannen Amitai Jeremy , Reddy Monika , Moscardo Vanessa , Conget Ignacio , Oliver Nick
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE

The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) identified an inverse relationship between HbA1c and severe hypoglycemia. We investigated the relationship between hypoglycemia and HbA1c in a large type 1 diabetes cohort on multiple daily injection or insulin pump therapy using blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data. The impact of real-time CGM on these relationships and how these relationships differ with biochemical definitions of hypoglycemia have also been assessed.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

CGM data were obtained from the JDRF CGM randomized control trial. Baseline blinded CGM data were used to assess time in hypoglycemia in all individuals. End point data from the CGM intervention group were used to assess the impact of CGM. Percentage of time spent below 3.9, 3.3, 3.0, and 2.8 mmol/L were calculated and quadratic regression plots drawn. Relationships were analyzed visually, and ANOVA was used to assess relationships between glycemia and time below threshold.

RESULTS

J-shaped relationships were observed for all biochemical hypoglycemia thresholds, with the lowest hypoglycemia risk occurring at HbA1c values between 8.1 and 8.6% (65–70 mmol/mol). The use of an average of 5 days/week of CGM flattened the relationships for 3.3, 3.0, and 2.8 mmol/L, and ANOVA confirmed the loss of relationship for the 3.3 mmol/L threshold using CGM.

CONCLUSIONS

The relationship between hypoglycemia and HbA1c in a population with type 1 diabetes is J-shaped. Lower HbA1c values are still associated with increased hypoglycemia risk, although the magnitude of risk depends on biochemical threshold. Real-time CGM may reduce the percentage time spent in hypoglycemia, changing the relationship between HbA1c and hypoglycemia.
Reduction in Hypoglycemia With the Predictive Low-Glucose Management System: A Long-term Randomized Controlled Trial in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Abraham Mary B. , Nicholas Jennifer A. , Smith Grant J. , Fairchild Janice M. , King Bruce R. , Ambler Geoffrey R. , Cameron Fergus J. , Davis Elizabeth A. , Jones Timothy W. ,   on behalf of the PLGM Study Group
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE

Short-term studies with automated systems that suspend basal insulin when hypoglycemia is predicted have shown a reduction in hypoglycemia; however, efficacy and safety have not been established in long-term trials.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a 6-month, multicenter, randomized controlled trial in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using the Medtronic MiniMed 640G pump with Suspend before low (predictive low-glucose management [PLGM]) compared with sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAPT) alone. The primary outcome was percentage time in hypoglycemia with sensor glucose (SG) <3.5 mmol/L (63 mg/dL).

RESULTS

In an intent-to-treat analysis of 154 subjects, 74 subjects were randomized to SAPT and 80 subjects to PLGM. At baseline, the time with SG <3.5 mmol/L was 3.0% and 2.8% in the SAPT and PLGM groups, respectively. During the study, PLGM was associated with a reduction in hypoglycemia compared with SAPT (% time SG <3.5 mmol/L: SAPT vs. PLGM, 2.6 vs. 1.5, P < 0.0001). A similar effect was also noted in time with SG <3 mmol/L (P < 0.0001). This reduction was seen both during day and night (P < 0.0001). Hypoglycemic events (SG <3.5 mmol/L for >20 min) also declined with PLGM (SAPT vs. PLGM: events/patient-year 227 vs. 139, P < 0.001). There was no difference in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at 6 months (SAPT 7.6 ± 1.0% vs. PLGM 7.8 ± 0.8%, P = 0.35). No change in quality of life measures was reported by participants/parents in either group. There were no PLGM-related serious adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS

In children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, PLGM reduced hypoglycemia without deterioration in glycemic control.
Residual stress induced convex bending in laser peen formed aluminum alloy
Authors: Zhou W. F. , Ren X. D. , Wang C. C. , Yang X. Q. , Larson Enoch Asuako
Published: December 2017

Laser peen forming is a purely mechanical forming method developed to accurately bend, shape, precision align, or repair components using nanosecond-pulsed laser induced shock waves. This paper aims to clarify the residual stress induced bending process in laser peen formed aluminum alloy plates. Finite element simulations were performed to investigate the bending angle and residual stress redistribution before and after bending. A reasonable agreement between simulation and experiment results was achieved. The results showed that larger bending angle was obtained by increasing the number of laser impacts and laser peened area. Besides, the bending angle in 3 mm plates was larger than that in 2 mm plates under the same processing condition. The laser peening induced bending angle is controlled by a residual stress gradient in the thickness direction.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF READING INTEREST AND LEARNING MOTIVATION WITH NEWS WRITING SKILLS OF GRADE VIII STUDENTS SMP N 24 PADANG
Authors: Ria Ria , Atmazaki Atmazaki , Abdurahman Abdurahman
Published: December 2017

HUBUNGAN MINAT BACA DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS BERITA SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 24 PADANGAbstractThis study aims to explain the following. First, the relationship of reading interest, news writing skill of grade VIII students SMP Negeri 24 Padang. Secondly, the relationship between learning motivation with news writing skills of grade VIII students. Third, the relationship between reading interest and learning motivation with news writing skills of grade VIII students. The population was grade VIII students. Samples are 40 students grade VIII students SMP Negeri 24 Padang performed using proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires and performance tests. Questionnaire was used to see interest in reading and students' motivation, while performance tests conducted to determine the outcome of news writing skills of students. Analysis and discussion of the data is done in accordance with the concept of descriptive correlational study. Based on the research conducted can be summarized as the follows. First, there is a significant correlation between reading interest, the news writing skills of grade VIII students SMP Negeri 24 Padang. Secondly, there is a significant relationship between learning motivation and news writing skill of grade VIII students. Third, there is a significant relationship between interest in reading and learning motivation together with news writing skills students.Key Words: reading, learning motivation, news writing skills AbstractPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hal-hal berikut. Pertama, hubungan minat baca, keterampilan menulis berita siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 24 Padang. Kedua, hubungan antara motivasi belajar dengan kemampuan menulis berita siswa kelas VIII. Ketiga, hubungan antara minat membaca dan motivasi belajar dengan keterampilan menulis berita siswa kelas VIII. Populasi siswa kelas VIII. Sampel sebanyak 40 siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 24 Padang dilakukan dengan teknik proportional random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan tes kinerja. Kuesioner tersebut digunakan untuk melihat minat membaca dan motivasi siswa, sedangkan tes kinerja dilakukan untuk mengetahui hasil keterampilan menulis berita siswa. Analisis dan pembahasan data dilakukan sesuai dengan konsep deskriptif korelasional. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan dapat diringkas sebagai berikut. Pertama, ada hubungan yang signifikan antara minat membaca, keterampilan menulis berita siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 24 Padang. Kedua, ada hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi belajar dan keterampilan menulis berita siswa kelas VIII. Ketiga, ada hubungan yang signifikan antara minat baca dan motivasi belajar bersama dengan kemampuan menulis berita siswa.Kata kunci: membaca, motivasi belajar, keterampilan menulis berita
“Ilustremos a nuestros conciudadanos”: La Gloriosa democratización del proceso revolucionario vista desde Vasconia
Authors: Belaustegi Unai
Published: December 2017

Basándonos en los trabajos más recientes publicados sobre la Gloriosa, el Sexenio y la cultura política republicana, proponemos a debate si la revolución trajo consigo la democratización del sistema o no. Utilizaremos como referencia las principales corrientes ideológicas y estudiaremos cómo se fueron constituyendo, cómo pusieron en práctica sus ideas y cuáles fueron las razones por las que la revolución acabó en la Restauración monárquica. Para ello emplearemos fuentes primarias poco analizadas (discursos políticos y propaganda electoral) que ayudan a entender mejor las diferentes posturas elegidas por los dirigentes revolucionarios. Completaremos el estudio con los resultados de diferentes estudios prosopográficos que respaldan las hipótesis planteadas.
La obra de María Isabel Pérez de Colosía
Authors: Molas Ribalta Pere
Published: December 2017

No disponible
La Exaltación de la Santa Cruz de Juan Niño de Guevara. Análisis histórico-artístico y proceso de restauración
Authors: Arcos von Haartman Estrella , Capilla Luque Francisco
Published: December 2017

En este artículo se hace un análisis histórico-artístico de La Exaltación de la Santa Cruz de Juan Niño de Guevara, lienzo que forma parte del programa pictórico de la iglesia de San Julián de Málaga, construida y ornamentada por la Hermandad de la Santa Caridad de Nuestro Señor Jesucristo. Asimismo, se da a conocer el recién concluido proceso de restauración a que ha sido sometida dicha obra.
Rafael Mitjana y Ardison. Arquitecto malagueño (1795-1849)
Authors: Rodríguez Marín Francisco José
Published: December 2017

Rafael Mitjana y Ardison es uno de los arquitectos malagueños menos conocidos, y a su vez afamados por su responsabilidad en la erección de un monumento de enorme presencia ciudadana como es el dedicado al general Torrijos. En este artículo se desgrana su biografía, que nos revela a un personaje inquieto, bien implantado en la sociedad de su época y cuyaactividad como arquitecto fue enormemente diversificada dentro de la práctica académica y clasicista imperante en su época. Sus actividades empresariales privadas, sus aportaciones a la cartografía, a la difusión del conocimiento o al avance de la técnica, nos desvelan a un profesional de sólida formación artística a la vez que técnica que no se sustrajo a implicarse en la pujante actividad económica iniciada en Málaga a partir del primer tercio del siglo XIX.
Los factores de diferenciación socioespacial de la población en el municipio de Marbella a la luz del censo de 2001
Authors: Natera Rivas Juan José
Published: December 2017

A partir de la información del Censo de Población de 2001 a nivel de sección censal, en el presente estudio nos interesamos por los factores que subyacen en la diferenciación socioespacial de la población en el municipio de Marbella. Además, comparamos los resultados con los obtenidos en otro estudio utilizando información referida a 1991, para lo cual se han seleccionado las mismas variables, la misma referencia espacial y el mismo método de análisis de la información.
BUNDLES DE PREVENÇÃO DE PNEUMONIA ASSOCIADA À VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA: A IMPORTÂNCIA DA MULTIDISCIPLINARIDADE
Authors: Chicayban Luciano Matos , Souza Terra Érika Leandra Velasco , Ribela Jacqueline dos Santos , Barbosa Priscila Ferreira
Published: December 2017

A pneumonia associada a ventilação mecânica (PAV) é definida como uma infecção pulmonar que surge após 48 horas de intubação ou extubação endotraqueal em pacientes submetidos à ventilação mecânica invasiva. Os fatores de riscos para PAV são diversos e descritos na literatura como modificáveis e não modificáveis. Porém, devido à complexidade das ações preventivas da PAV, tem sido preconizado o uso de pacotes de cuidados (bundles), em vez de medidas isoladas de prevenção. Descrever a importância da multidisciplinaridade nos bundles de prevenção de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica.Trata-se de revisão não-sistemática com ensaios clínicos randomizados, prospectivos, nas línguas inglesa e portuguesa.  Os artigos foram selecionados na base de dados Pubmed, Lilacs e Scielo sendo pesquisado com os seguintes unitermos: ventilação mecânica, pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica, bundle. Os bundles têm sido recomendados para substituir as medidas isoladas de prevenção, visto que, a utilização de protocolo melhora a segurança e a qualidade do atendimento na UTI, mas requer adesão e treinamento periódico da equipe multidisciplinar para que possam ser considerados indicadores de qualidade.
Binding Modes of Ligands Using Enhanced Sampling (BLUES): Rapid Decorrelation of Ligand Binding Modes Using Nonequilibrium Candidate Monte Carlo
Authors: Gill Samuel , Lim Nathan M. , Grinaway Patrick , Rustenburg Ariën S. , Fass Josh , Ross Gregory , Chodera John D. , Mobley David
Published: December 2017

Accurately predicting protein-ligand binding is a major goal in computational chemistry, but even the prediction of ligand binding modes in proteins poses major challenges. Here, we focus on solving the binding mode prediction problem for rigid fragments. That is, we focus on computing the dominant placement, conformation, and orientations of a relatively rigid, fragment-like ligand in a receptor, and the populations of the multiple binding modes which may be relevant. This problem is important in its own right, but is even more timely given the recent success of alchemical free energy calculations. Alchemical calculations are increasingly used to predict binding free energies of ligands to receptors. However, the accuracy of these calculations is dependent on proper sampling of the relevant ligand binding modes. Unfortunately, ligand binding modes may often be uncertain, hard to predict, and/or slow to interconvert on simulation timescales, so proper sampling with current techniques can require prohibitively long simulations. We need new methods which dramatically improve sampling of ligand binding modes. Here, we develop and apply a nonequilibrium candidate Monte Carlo (NCMC) method to improve sampling of ligand binding modes.

In this technique the ligand is rotated and subsequently allowed to relax in its new position through alchemical perturbation before accepting or rejecting the rotation and relaxation as a nonequilibrium Monte Carlo move. When applied to a T4 lysozyme model binding system, this NCMC method shows over two orders of magnitude improvement in binding mode sampling efficiency compared to a brute force molecular dynamics simulation. This is a first step towards applying this methodology to pharmaceutically relevant binding of fragments and, eventually, drug-like molecules. We are making this approach available via our new Binding Modes of Ligands using Enhanced Sampling (BLUES) package which is freely available on GitHub.
KRIM ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KOPI ARABIKA (Coffea Arabica)
Authors: Puspitasari Anita Dwi , Yuita Nurul Eka , Sumantri Sumantri
Published: December 2017

Daun kopi arabika mengandung senyawa antara lain flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami yang dapat menghambat radikal bebas. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kopi arabika memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 19,856 ± 0,126 µg/ml. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai IC50 dari krim ekstrak etanol daun kopi arabika dengan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) dan karakteristik fisika kimia sediaan krim.  Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 70%, kemudian dilakukan uji kualitatif senyawa flavonoid. Variasi konsentrasi ekstrak dalam krim adalah 0,1%, 0,2%, dan 0,3%. Aktivitas antioksidan krim diuji dengan metode DPPH serta diamati karakteristik fisik kimia krim meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, pH, daya lekat, viskositas, dan daya sebar. Data uji kualitatif senyawa flavonoid ditujukan untuk senyawa flavanoid, selanjutnya stabilitas fisika krim dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier, uji aktivitas sediaan krim dihitung menggunakan persentase aktivitas antioksidan dan uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak dihitung menggunakan nilai IC50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun kopi arabika mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun kopi arabika diperoleh nilai IC50 sebesar 3,578 µg/ml, sedangkan kuersetin diperoleh nilai IC50 sebesar 15,09 µg/ml. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan sediaan krim FI, FII, dan FIII menunjukkan persen aktivitas antioksidan berturut-turut sebesar 21,390%, 26,152%, dan 37,097%. Variasi konsentrasi ekstrak dalam formulasi sediaan krim memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap sifat fisika dan kimia krim.
Prevalence of uremic pruritus in chronic kidney patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Adhikari Laxman , Kayastha Rajat , Bhatta Karuna
Published: December 2017

Background: Uremic pruritus is a common and troublesome symptom of chronic kidney disease. It is one of the dominant dermatological manifestations of chronic kidney disease which affects the quality of life of patients.Objective: To assess the prevalence and severity of uremic pruritus in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was done over three months among chronic kidney patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis to show the association of mineral bone disorders with uremic pruritus. Patients complaining of pruritus were taken as cases and then pruritus was quantified using a Visual Analogue Scale.Results: 144 patients participated in this study, out of which 41 (28.47%) were females. Mean age was 54.97±9.75 years and 68.06% patients were on dialysis. Uremic pruritus was seen in 80 patients (55.56%), amongst them 23 patients (28.75 %) had severe pruritus as measured by Visual Analogue Scale. Uremic pruritus was more frequent and more severe in patients having higher serum phosphorus levels (p =0.004).Conclusion: This study further substantiates the need of adequate control of phosphorus levels in hemodialysis patients to reduce complications like uremic pruritus.Journal of Kathmandu Medical College, Vol. 5, No. 4, Issue 18, Oct.-Dec., 2016, Page: 124-127
Precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid embolization of intracranial vascular shunts: initial experience and technical note
Authors: Varadharajan Shriram , Ramalingaiah Arvinda Hanumanthapura , Saini Jitender , Gupta Arun Kumar , Devi B. Indira , Acharya Ullas V.
Published: December 2017

Precipitating hydrophobic injectable liquid (PHIL) is a newly available liquid embolic agent for endovascular therapy. It is nonadhesive and composed of a biocompatible polymer dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent and bonded covalently with iodine.

In this report, the authors present their preliminary experience using PHIL in the treatment of intracranial vascular shunts. Between July 2015 and December 2015, 11 patients underwent endovascular embolization using the PHIL embolic agent. Five patients had arteriovenous malformations, 4 had dural arteriovenous fistulas, 1 patient had a carotid-cavernous fistula, and 1 patient had a pial arteriovenous fistula. Clinical features, angioarchitectural characteristics, procedural details, and periprocedural complications were included in the analysis.

Complete or near-complete obliteration of the nidus or fistulas was achieved in 8 of these patients. Partial embolization (approximately 80% in 2 and 30% in 1) was attained in the other 3 patients. Satisfactory venous penetration after nidal embolization was achieved in all patients. In 1 patient, the microcatheter could not be retrieved. No other major complications related to PHIL injection were noted during the procedure or periprocedural period. Clinical follow-up ranging from 8 months to 1 year showed good outcomes in all but 1 patient, who experienced an intraventricular hemorrhage 6 weeks after embolization.

PHIL appears to be an effective alternative embolic material with certain advantages over other available liquid embolic agents. Further studies with adequate follow-up are required to fully evaluate its safety and efficacy.
Knowledge silos: assessing knowledge sharing between specialties through the vestibular schwannoma literature
Authors: Schnurman Zane , Golfinos John G. , Roland J. Thomas , Kondziolka Douglas
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE

It is common for a medical disorder to be managed or researched by individuals who work within different specialties. It is known that both neurosurgeons and neurotologists manage vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients. While overlap in specialty focus has the potential to stimulate multidisciplinary collaboration and innovative thinking, there is a risk of specialties forming closed-communication loops, called knowledge silos, which may inhibit knowledge diffusion. This study quantitatively assessed knowledge sharing between neurosurgery and otolaryngology on the subject of VS.

METHODS

A broad Web of Science search was used to download details for 4439 articles related to VS through 2016. The publishing journal’s specialty and the authors’ specialties (based on author department) were determined for available articles. All 114,647 of the article references were categorized by journal specialty. The prevalence of several VS topics was assessed using keyword searches of titles.

RESULTS

For articles written by neurosurgeons, 44.0% of citations were from neurosurgery journal articles and 23.4% were from otolaryngology journals. The citations of otolaryngology authors included 11.6% neurosurgery journals and 56.5% otolaryngology journals. Both author specialty and journal specialty led to more citations of the same specialty, though author specialty had the largest effect. Comparing the specialties’ literature, several VS topics had significantly different levels of coverage, including radiosurgery and hearing topics. Despite the availability of the Internet, there has been no change in the proportions of references for either specialty since 1997 (the year PubMed became publicly available).

CONCLUSIONS

Partial knowledge silos are observed between neurosurgery and otolaryngology on the topic of VS, based on the peer-reviewed literature. The increase in access provided by the Internet and searchable online databases has not decreased specialty reference bias. These findings offer lessons to improve cross-specialty collaboration, physician learning, and consensus building.
Delayed cyst formation after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Pomeraniec I. Jonathan , Ding Dale , Starke Robert M. , Liu Kenneth C. , Mrachek E. Kelly , Lopes M. Beatriz , Sheehan Jason P.
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a commonly employed treatment modality for brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, due to the low frequency of delayed cyst formation after AVM SRS, as well as the prolonged time interval between treatment and its occurrence, the characteristics of post-SRS cyst formation are not well defined. Therefore, the aims of this retrospective cohort study are to determine the rate of cyst formation after SRS for AVMs, identify predictive factors, and evaluate the clinical sequelae of post-SRS cysts.

METHODS

The authors analyzed an SRS database for AVM patients who underwent SRS at the University of Virginia and identified those who developed post-SRS cysts. Statistical analyses were performed to determine predictors of post-SRS cyst formation and the effect of cyst formation on new or worsening seizures after SRS.

RESULTS

The study cohort comprised 1159 AVM patients treated with SRS; cyst formation occurred in 17 patients (post-SRS cyst rate of 1.5%). Compared with patients who did not develop post-SRS cysts, those with cyst formation were treated with a greater number of radiosurgical isocenters (mean 3.8 vs 2.8, p = 0.047), had a longer follow-up (mean 132 vs 71 months, p < 0.001), were more likely to develop radiological radiation-induced changes (RIC) (64.7% vs 36.1%, p = 0.021), and had a longer duration of RIC (57 vs 21 months, p < 0.001). A higher number of isocenters (p = 0.014), radiological RIC (p = 0.002), and longer follow-up (p = 0.034) were found to be independent predictors of post-SRS cyst formation in the multivariate analysis. There was a trend toward a significant association between cyst formation and new or worsening seizures in univariate analysis (p = 0.054).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with greater nidal complexity appear to be more prone to post-SRS cyst formation. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up for patients who have undergone AVM SRS, even after nidal obliteration is achieved. Post-SRS cysts may be epileptogenic, although seizure outcomes after AVM SRS are multifactorial.
Frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele: appraisal of a craniofacial surgical teaching program in Cambodia
Authors: Roux Franck-Emmanuel , Ou Cheng Ngiep , Soum Ratha , Gollogly James , Djidjeli Imène , Lauwers Frédéric
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE

The treatment of frontoethmoidal meningoencephaloceles (fMECs) in Cambodia was not possible before the development of a program that taught some Khmer surgeons (working at the Children’s Surgical Centre in Phnom Penh) how to surgically correct these deformities without any foreign help. The results of that teaching program are discussed in this paper.

METHODS

Between 2004 and 2009, both local and visiting foreign neurosurgical and craniofacial surgeons (the visitors coming twice a year) worked together to operate on 200 patients, and a report on those cases was published in 2010. In subsequent years (2010–2016), the Khmer surgeons operated on 100 patients without the presence of the visiting surgeons. In this study, the authors compare the second case series with the previously published series and the literature in terms of results and complications. The operations were performed with limited surgical materials and equipment, using a combined bicoronal and transfacial approach in most cases. Most of the patients came from very poor families.

RESULTS

Organizing the postoperative follow-up of these low-income patients (mean age 12 years) was probably the most challenging part of this teaching program. Nine of the patients were lost to surgical follow-up. In the other cases, cosmetic results were judged by the surgeons as worse than the patient’s preoperative appearance in 1 case, poor in 12 cases, average in 27, and good in 51—data that are significantly less encouraging than the results reported by the joint local/visiting teams in 2010 (p = 0.0001). Nevertheless, patients and parents tended to have a better overall opinion about the surgical results (rating the results as good in 84% of the 80 cases in which parent or patient ratings were available). Twenty postoperative complications were observed (the most common being temporary CSF leaks). The rate of immediate postoperative complications directly related to fMEC surgery was less than that in the previous series, but the difference was not statistically significant (20% vs 28.5%, p = 0.58). No death was noted in this case series (in contrast to the previous series). Social questionnaire results confirmed that fMEC correction partially improved the adverse social and educational consequences of fMEC in affected children.

CONCLUSIONS

In the current state of this program, the local surgeons are able to correct fMECs in their own country, without foreign assistance, with good results in a majority of patients. Such humanitarian teaching programs generally take years to achieve the initial aims.