bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Yne Esters Leading to γ‐Alkylidene α,β‐Unsaturated γ‐Lactones.
Authors: Harada Yasuyuki , Fukumoto Yoshiya , Chatani Naoto
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Preparation and Root Growth‐Inhibitory Activity of N‐Substituted 2‐(2‐Chloroacetamido)‐3‐(furan‐2‐yl)propanamides.
Authors: Kitagawa Tokujiro , Asada Makoto
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Photoinitiated Radical Cyclization of Allyl‐ and Propynyloxymethyl Substitued Cyclopentanones to Tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furanols.
Authors: Tzvetkov Nikolay T. , Mattay Jochen
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of 3,3‐Disubstituted 2,3‐Dihydrobenzofuran Derivatives from Baylis—Hillman Adducts.
Authors: Park Da Yeon , Gowrisankar Saravanan , Kim Jae Nyoung
Published: January 2006

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Reaction of 1,3‐Dihydrobenzo[c]thiophene 2,2‐Dioxides with Electrophilic Agents.
Authors: Tashbaev G. A.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Chelating Diamide Based Rate Enhancement of Intramolecular Alkene Hydroaminations Catalyzed by a Neutral Sc(III) Complex.
Authors: Kim Joon Young , Livinghouse Tom
Published: January 2006

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Diastereoselective Synthesis of Pyrrolidines via the Yb(OTf)3 Catalyzed Three‐Component Reaction of Aldehydes, Amines, and 1,1‐Cyclopropanediesters.
Authors: Carson Cheryl A. , Kerr Michael A.
Published: January 2006

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A Convenient Synthesis of (E)‐α‐Alkylidene‐γ‐lactams and (E)‐3‐Alkylideneoxindoles by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Hydroamidation.
Authors: Kobayashi Yusuke , Kamisaki Haruhi , Yanada Kazuo , Yanada Reiko , Takemoto Yoshiji
Published: January 2006

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Fluoroalkylation of Porphyrins: Preparation and Characterization of meso‐ and β‐Fluoroalkyl‐5,15‐diarylporphyrins.
Authors: Jin Li‐Mei , Chen Liang , Yin Juan‐Juan , Guo Can‐Cheng , Chen Qing‐Yun
Published: January 2006

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A Novel and Facile Zn‐Mediated Intramolecular Five‐Membered Cyclization of β‐Tetraarylporphyrin Radicals from β‐Bromotetraarylporphyrins.
Authors: Shen Dong‐Mei , Liu Chao , Chen Qing‐Yun
Published: January 2006

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A Mild Thermal and Acid‐Catalyzed Rearrangement of O‐Aryl Ethers into ortho‐Hydroxy Arenes.
Authors: Goldberg Frederick W. , Magnus Philip , Turnbull Rachel
Published: January 2006

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1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Synthesis of 1‐[4‐(Thiazolyl/imidazothiazolyl/triazolyl)phenyl] ‐1H‐pyrazole‐3,4‐dicarboxylate Esters from 3‐(4‐Acetylphenyl)sydnone.
Authors: Hunnur Raveendra K. , Latthe Prashant R. , Badami Bharati V.
Published: January 2006

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Microwave‐Assisted Aromatization of 1,3,5‐Trisubstituted 2‐Pyrazolines by Bi(NO3)3×5H2O, as a Novel and Convenient Oxidizing Agent
Authors: Azarifar Davood , Maleki Behrooz
Published: January 2006

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Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of 1‐Aryl‐1H‐indazoles via One‐Pot Two‐Step Cu‐Catalyzed Intramolecular N‐Arylation of Arylhydrazones.
Authors: Pabba Chittari , Wang Hong‐Jun , Mulligan Susan R. , Chen Zhen‐Jia , Stark Todd M. , Gregg Brian T.
Published: January 2006

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Reactivity of Diazoazoles and Azolediazonium Salts in C‐Azo Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Sadchikova E. V. , Mokrushin V. S.
Published: January 2006

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Alkylation of Ethylenethiourea with Alcohols: A Convenient Synthesis of S‐Alkyl‐isothioureas Without Toxic Alkylating Agents.
Authors: Denk Michael K. , Ye Xuan
Published: January 2006

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One‐Step Synthesis of Substituted 4,7‐Bis[alkyl(aryl)imino]‐3‐oxa‐6‐thia‐1‐azaspiro[4.4]nona‐1,8‐dienes.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Djahaniani Hoorieh
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Some Novel Benzoxazole Derivatives as Anticancer, Anti‐HIV‐1 and Antimicrobial Agents.
Authors: Rida Samia M. , Ashour Fawzia A. , El‐Hawash Soad A. M. , ElSemary Mona M. , Badr Mona H. , Shalaby Manal A.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of 4‐Substituted 6‐Dinitrobenzo[d]isothiazoles from 2,4,6‐Trinitrotoluene.
Authors: Sapozhnikov Oleg Yu. , Smirnova Elena V. , Dutov Mikhail D. , Kachala Vadim V. , Shevelev Svyatoslav A.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Practical Use of 1H‐1,2,3‐Benzotriazole‐5‐carboxaldehyde for Reductive Amination.
Authors: Krasavin Mikhail , Pershin Dmitry G. , Larkin Denis , Kravchenko Dmitry
Published: January 2006

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Stereoselective Synthesis of Spirocyclic Ketones by Nazarov Reaction.
Authors: Prandi Cristina , Deagostino Annamaria , Venturello Paolo , Occhiato Ernesto G.
Published: January 2006

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Straightforward Access to a Structurally Diverse Set of Oxacyclic Scaffolds Through a Four‐Component Reaction.
Authors: Jimenez Oscar , de la Rosa Guillermo , Lavilla Rodolfo
Published: January 2006

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A New and Rapid Access Towards exo‐Methylene‐δ‐valerolactones from (Cyclopropyl)methylstannanes.
Authors: Leroy Bernard
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Unambiguous Stereochemical Determination of 1‐exo‐ and 1‐endo‐1‐Aryl‐1,2,2a,8b‐tetrahydro‐3H‐benzo[b]cyclobuta[d]pyran‐3‐ones.
Authors: Yamashita Masayuki , Dnyanoba Yadav Navnath , Nagahama Masaki , Inaba Tomoki , Nishino Yuka , Miura Kumiko , Kosaka Sachiko , Fukao Junko , Kawasaki Ikuo , Ohta Shunsaku
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Functionalized 2H‐1‐Benzopyrans by DBU‐Catalyzed Reactions of Salicylic Aldehydes with Allenic Ketones and Esters.
Authors: Zhao Gui‐Ling , Shi Yong‐Ling , Shi Min
Published: January 2006

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Solvent‐Free and Room Temperature Synthesis of Thiochromans in the Presence of a Catalytic Amount of Tungstophosphoric Acid.
Authors: Jafarzadeh Mohammad , Amani Kamal , Nikpour Farzad
Published: January 2006

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Regioselective Synthesis of Quinolone Antibacterials via Borate Complex of Quinolone Carboxylic Acid.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Jaddi Zeinab S. , Oskooie Hossein A. , Khaleghi Shahnaz , Ghassemzadeh Mitra
Published: January 2006

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Enantioselective Thiourea‐Catalyzed Acyl‐Mannich Reactions of Isoquinolines.
Authors: Taylor Mark S. , Tokunaga Norihito , Jacobsen Eric N.
Published: January 2006

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Combining Two‐Directional Synthesis and Tandem Reactions: Desymmetrization by Intramolecular Cycloaddition/Triazoline Fragmentation.
Authors: Rejzek Martin , Stockman Robert A. , van Maarseveen Jan H. , Hughes David L.
Published: January 2006

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A Simple Method for the Synthesis of 1‐Substituted β‐Carboline Derivatives from Tryptamine and Carboxylic Acids in Polyphosphoric Acid.
Authors: Ivanov Iliyan , Nikolova Stoyanka , Statkova‐Abeghe Stela
Published: January 2006

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1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Chemistry for the Preparation of Novel Indolizinone‐Based Compounds.
Authors: Mmutlane Edwin M. , Harris Joel M. , Padwa Albert
Published: January 2006

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Pyridyl‐Substituted [1,3]Dithiolo[4,5‐b][1,4]dithiine‐2‐thiones.
Authors: Koshevaya A. Yu. , Starodub V. A. , Fenske D.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and anti‐HIV‐1 Activity of New 2‐[(2‐Phthalimidoethyl)thio]‐4(3H)‐pyrimidinone Derivatives.
Authors: Navrotskii M. B.
Published: January 2006

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Non‐nucleoside HIV Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors. Part 6. Synthesis and Anti‐HIV Activity of Novel 2‐[(Arylcarbonylmethyl)thio]‐6‐arylthio DABO Analogues.
Authors: Sun Guang‐Fu , Kuang Yun‐Yan , Chen Fen‐Er , De Clercq Erik , Balzarini Jan , Pannecouque Christophe
Published: January 2006

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Novel Approach to 3‐Methyl‐1H‐quinoxalin‐2‐ones
Authors: Li Xun , Wang Donghua , Wu Jifeng , Xu Wenfang
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of 2‐[3,5‐Substituted Pyrazol‐1‐yl]‐4,6‐trisubstituted Triazine Derivatives as Antimalarial Agents.
Authors: Katiyar Sanjay Babu , Srivastava Kumkum , Puri S. K. , Chauhan Prem M. S.
Published: January 2006

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Perchloric Acid Adsorbed on Silica Gel: An Efficient Heterogeneous Reusable Catalyst for Synthesis of 1,5‐Benzodiazepines.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Reddy Majjigapu Ravinder , Ramu Ravirala , Reddy Kongara Ravinder , Geethangili Madamanchi
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Reactions of 2‐Cyclohexyl‐1,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐10H‐pyrrolo[3,4‐b] [1,5]benzodiazepine‐1,4‐dione and 4‐Aryl‐2‐cyclohexyl‐1,3,4,10‐tetrahydropyrrolo[4,3‐c] [1,5]benzothiazepin‐1‐ones.
Authors: Matsuo Keizo , Kawanishi Junko , Kobayashi Mariko , Ueno Sachiko
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Novel Chiral Macrocyclic Polyamides Derived from L‐/D‐Tartaric Acid.
Authors: Li Baohua , Yang Xuemei , Yang Kai , Fu Enqin
Published: January 2006

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Access to Macrocyclic Endocyclic and Exocyclic Allylic Alcohols by Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Cyclization of Ynals.
Authors: Knapp‐Reed Beth , Mahandru Gireesh M. , Montgomery John
Published: January 2006

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Deprotection of Pinacolyl Boronate Esters via Hydrolysis of Intermediate Potassium Trifluoroborates.
Authors: Yuen Alexander K. L. , Hutton Craig A.
Published: January 2006

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Regioselective Synthesis of Silylated Pyrazolines and Indazolines by Reaction of Pyrazolium and Indazolium Salts with Silyllithium Reagents.
Authors: Gonzalez‐Nogal Ana M. , Calle Mariola , Calvo Luis A. , Cuadrado Purificacion , Gonzalez‐Ortega Alfonso
Published: January 2006

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New 2‐Aryloxy Macroheterocyclic Phosphates.
Authors: Babu Yaramapa Hari , Reddy Cirandur Suresh , Venugopal Maralla , Reddy Pedaiahgari Vasugovardhana
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of 4‐Halophosphaisocoumarins via Halocyclization of 2‐(1‐Alkynyl)phenylphosphonates.
Authors: Peng Ai‐Yun , Ding Yi‐Xiang
Published: January 2006

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A Straightforward Synthesis of 3‐Acylphospholes.
Authors: Clochard Magali , Grundy Joanna , Donnadieu Bruno , Mathey Francois
Published: January 2006

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Bismuth(III) Chloride—Catalyzed Three‐Component Coupling: Synthesis of α‐Amino Phosphonates.
Authors: Zhan Zhuang‐Ping , Li Jun‐Ping
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Aromatic Phosphates via Cycloaddition of Phosphate Dienes.
Authors: Kim MeeKyoung , Wiemer David F.
Published: January 2006

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Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of BINOL‐ and H8‐BINOL‐Based Aryl Phosphites and Their Use in Palladium Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation.
Authors: Gavrilov Konstantin N. , Lyubimov Sergey E. , Petrovskii Pavel V. , Zheglov Sergey V. , Safronov Anton S. , Skazov Roman S. , Davankov Vadim A.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
A Facile Preparation of 2‐Amino‐1,3‐selenazoles by Reactions of N,N‐Unsubstituted Selenoureas with Chloroacetonitrile.
Authors: Koketsu Mamoru , Tanaka Hidenori , Ishihara Hideharu
Published: January 2006

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Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Reactions Using Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide: An Environmentally Benign Procedure for the Synthesis of Azine Pigments.
Authors: Bodtke Anja , Pfeiffer Wolf‐Diethard , Ahrens Norbert , Langer Peter
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Guaianolide and seco‐Guaianolide from Salvia nubicola (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Ali Muhammad Shaiq , Ahmed Waqar , Ibrahim Syed Amir
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Enantiospecific Total Synthesis of Phytoalexins, (+)‐Solanascone, (+)‐Dehydrosolanascone, and (+)‐Anhydro‐β‐rotunol
Authors: Srikrishna A. , Ramasastry S. S. V.
Published: January 2006

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The Synthesis and Evaluation of 10‐ and 12‐Membered Ring Benzofused Enediyne Amino Acids.
Authors: Du Yanming , Creighton Christopher J. , Yan Zhengyin , Gauthier Diane A. , Dahl John P. , Zhao Boyu , Belkowski Stanley M. , Reitz Allen B.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Method for a Convenient and Efficient Synthesis of Amino Acid Acrylic Monomers with Zwitterionic Structure.
Authors: Nagaoka Shoji , Shundo Atsuomi , Satoh Takao , Nagira Kazuhiko , Kishi Ryoich , Ueno Katsuhiko , Iio Kokoro , Ihara Hirotaka
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Thermal Arndt—Eistert Reactions of N‐Tosyl Cyclic α‐Amino Acids.
Authors: Jin Jing Yi , Wu Xue , Tian Guan Rong
Published: January 2006

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Efficient and Rapid Regioselective Deprotection of Isopropylidene Ketals.
Authors: Mahalingam Sakkarapalayam M. , Aidhen Indrapal Singh
Published: January 2006

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Facile Synthesis of the Indeno‐Tetrahydropyridine Core of Haouamine A.
Authors: Smith Nicole D. , Hayashida Joji , Rawal Viresh H.
Published: January 2006

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A Short Synthesis of Lennoxamine Using a Radical Cascade.
Authors: Taniguchi Tsuyoshi , Iwasaki Keiko , Uchiyama Masahiko , Tamura Osamu , Ishibashi Hiroyuki
Published: January 2006

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Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Tricyclic Myrmicarin Alkaloids
Authors: Movassaghi Mohammad , Ondrus Alison E.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
1,5‐Electrocyclization of Azomethine Ylides Leading to Pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines—Concise Construction of the Lamellarin Skeleton.
Authors: Nyerges Miklos , Toeke Laszlo
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Synthesis of the Glycosphingolipid β‐Galactosyl Ceramide and Analogues via Olefin Cross Metathesis.
Authors: Rai Anand Narain , Basu Amit
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Milletia of Cameroon. Part 15. Isoflavonoids from Seeds of Millettia griffoniana (Bail)
Authors: Ngamga Dieudonne , Yankep Emanuel , Tane Pierre , Bezabih Merhatibeb , Ngadjui Bonaventure T. , Fomum Zacharia T. , Abegaz Berhanu M.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of Two Naturally Occurring 3‐Methyl‐2,5‐dihydro‐1‐benzoxepin Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Yamaguchi Seiji , Tsuchida Nao , Miyazawa Masahiro , Hirai Yoshiro
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Novel Synthetic Method for Muscone.
Authors: Guo Yuan , Wu Xin‐Liang , Li Jian‐Li , Xu Ruo‐Qian , Shi Zhen
Published: January 2006

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Phytochemical Medicinal Agents. A Quinone‐Based Route to Pterocarpins.
Authors: Kraus George A. , Wei Jingqiang
Published: January 2006

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Total Synthesis of (+)‐Amphidinolide A. Assembly of the Fragments.
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Wrobleski Stephen T. , Chisholm John D. , Harrington Paul E. , Jung Michael
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Total Synthesis of (+)‐Amphidinolide A. Structural Elucidation and Completion of the Synthesis.
Authors: Trost Barry M. , Harrington Paul E. , Chisholm John D. , Wrobleski Stephen T.
Published: January 2006

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New Aristolochic Acid, Aristololactam and Renal Cytotoxic Constituents from the Stem and Leaves of Aristolochia contorta.
Authors: Zhang C.‐Y. , Wang X. , Su T. , Ma C.‐M. , Wen Y.‐J. , Shang M.‐Y. , Li X.‐M. , Liu G.‐X. , Cai S.‐Q.
Published: January 2006

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(+)‐Phorboxazole A Synthetic Studies. Identification of a Series of Highly Cytotoxic C(45—46) Analogues.
Authors: Smith Amos B. III , Razler Thomas M. , Pettit George R. , Chapuis Jean‐Charles
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis of a Capillarisin Sulfur‐Analogue Possessing Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Activity by Selective Isopropylation.
Authors: Igarashi Yasushi , Kumazawa Hiroaki , Ohshima Toshihoro , Satomi Hisanori , Terabayashi Susumu , Takeda Shuichi , Aburada Masaki , Miyamoto Ken‐ichi
Published: January 2006

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An Efficient Total Synthesis of Chrysophanol and the Sennoside C Aglycon.
Authors: Kuhnert Nikolai , Molod Hoshiar Y.
Published: January 2006

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J. Chem. Inf. Model. (J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci.)
Authors: several authors several authors
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Hydrogen and Magnetism in Ga1‐xMnxAs
Authors: Goennenwein Sebastian T. B. , Wassner Thomas A. , Huebl Hans , Koeder Achim , Schoch Wladimir , Waag Andreas , Philipp Jan B. , Opel Matthias , Gross Rudolf , Stutzmann Martin , et al. et al.
Published: January 2006

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Analysis of High‐Tc Superconductor Compounds on the Nanometre Scale
Authors: Koblischka M. R. , Hartmann U.
Published: January 2006

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Review on Water Around Solutes and on Solids: Macroscopic Thermodynamics and Microscopic Views
Authors: Mercury Lionel , Nakashima Satoru
Published: January 2006

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Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Nanocomposites: The Next Generation Material for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Kannan Ruben Y. , Salacinski Henryk J. , Butler Peter E. , Seifalian Alexander M.
Published: January 2006

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Phase Equilibria, Phases and Compounds in the V—C System
Authors: Lipatnikov V. N.
Published: January 2006

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Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Metallic Nanostructures in Solution
Authors: Tsuji Masaharu , Hashimoto Masayuki , Nishizawa Yuki , Kubokawa Masatoshi , Tsuji Takeshi
Published: January 2006

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Adventures in Vanadocene Chemistry
Authors: Choukroun Robert , Lorber Christian
Published: January 2006

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Development of a Coordination Chemistry‐Based Approach for Functional Supramolecular Structures
Authors: Gianneschi Nathan C. , Masar Martin S. III , Mirkin Chad A.
Published: January 2006

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Hydrodimerization
Authors: Yoshimura Noriaki
Published: January 2006

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Hydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis
Authors: Joo Ferenc , Katho Agnes
Published: January 2006

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Syntheses with Carbon Monoxide. Carbonylations
Authors: Beller Matthias , Krauter Juergen G. E.
Published: January 2006

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Syntheses with Carbon Monoxide: Hydroformylation— Historical Development
Authors: Cornils Boy , Kuntz Emile G.
Published: January 2006

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State‐of‐the‐Art: Organic Chemistry in Water
Authors: Lubineau Andre , Auge Jacques , Scherrmann Marie‐Christine
Published: January 2006

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Coupling Reactions
Authors: Mecking Stefan , Schlotterbeck Ulf
Published: January 2006

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Hydrogenation
Authors: Dyson Paul J. , Zhao Dongbin
Published: January 2006

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Palladium‐Catalyzed Two‐ or Three‐Component Cyclization of Functionalized Allenes
Authors: Ma Shengming
Published: January 2006

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Palladium‐Catalyzed Annulation of Alkynes
Authors: Larock Richard C.
Published: January 2006

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Synthesis and Catalysis in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Wagner Markus
Published: January 2006

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Transfer of the Chiral Information of Natural Amino Acids in Biomimetic Organic Syntheses
Authors: Micskei Karoly , Hajdu Csongor , Patonay Tamas , Zucchi Claudia , Caglioti Luciano , Palyi Gyula
Published: January 2006

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Natural Product Family 18 Chitinase Inhibitors
Authors: Andersen Ole A. , Dixon Mark J. , Eggleston Ian M. , van Aalten Daan M. F.
Published: January 2006

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Diterpenoids
Authors: Hanson James R.
Published: January 2006

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Quinoline, Quinazoline and Acridone Alkaloids
Authors: Michael Joseph P.
Published: January 2006

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Polyamine Alkaloids
Authors: Bienz Stefan , Bisegger Pascal , Guggisberg Armin , Hesse Manfred
Published: January 2006

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Catalytic Asymmetric Esterification of Ketenes
Authors: Tidwell Thomas T.
Published: January 2006

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Supramolecular Approaches to Generate Libraries of Chelating Bidentate Ligands for Homogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Breit Bernhard
Published: January 2006

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Liquid‐Crystalline Ionomers as a New Class of Mesomorphous Polymeric Systems
Authors: Pebalk D. A. , Barmatov E. B. , Shibaev V. P.
Published: January 2006

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Network Structures of Cyclotriveratrylene and Its Derivatives
Authors: Hardie Michaele J. , Ahmad Ruksanna , Sumby Christopher J.
Published: January 2006

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Designed Multiple Ligands. An Emerging Drug Discovery Paradigm
Authors: Morphy Richard , Rankovic Zoran
Published: January 2006

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Thermal and Catalytic Intramolecular [4 + 2]‐Cycloaddition in 2‐Alkenylfurans
Authors: Zubkov F. I. , Nikitina E. V. , Varlamov A. V.
Published: January 2006

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Polyquinolines and Polyanthrazolines: Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Rusanov A. L. , Komarova L. G. , Prigozhina M. P. , Likhatchev D. Yu.
Published: January 2006

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Amination with Oximes
Authors: Narasaka Koichi , Kitamura Mitsuru
Published: January 2006

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Amide Bond Formation and Peptide Coupling
Authors: Montalbetti Christian A. G. N. , Falque Virginie
Published: January 2006

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Wrapping Peptide Tubes: Merging Biological Self‐Assembly and Polymer Synthesis
Authors: Balbo Block M. A. , Hecht Stefan
Published: January 2006

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The Catalysis Gold Rush: New Claims
Authors: Hashmi A. Stephen K.
Published: January 2006

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Toward the Systematic Decomposition of Benzene
Authors: Wenthold Paul G.
Published: January 2006

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Reactions in Micellar Systems
Authors: Dwars Torsten , Paetzold Eckhard , Oehme Guenther
Published: January 2006

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Facing the Challenges for Synthesis and Purification of Peptides
Authors: Richter Gregor , Wellings Don A. , Coffey Andrew , Lloyd Linda L.
Published: January 2006

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Automated Synthesis of Oligosaccharides as a Basis for Drug Discovery
Authors: Seeberger Peter H. , Werz Daniel B.
Published: January 2006

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Nitro Sugars as Good Candidates in Electron Transfer Reactions
Authors: Vanelle Patrice , Crozet Michel P.
Published: January 2006

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Cyclohexane‐Based Conformationally Controlled Crowns and Podands
Authors: Samoshin Vyacheslav V.
Published: January 2006

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Fundamentals and Transition‐State Models. Aldol Additions of Group 1 and 2 Enolates
Authors: Braun Manfred
Published: January 2006

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Chalcogenocarboxylic Acids
Authors: Niyomura Osamu , Kato Shinzi
Published: January 2006

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Hydroformylation: Applications in the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals and Fine Chemicals
Authors: Beller Matthias , Kumar Kamal
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Ionic Liquids: ′Green Solvents for the 21st Century′
Authors: Uzagare Matthew C. , Salunkhe Manikrao
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Physicochemical Aspects of the Action of Volatile Metal Corrosion Inhibitors
Authors: Andreev N. N. , Kuznetsov Yu. I.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Theory of Optical Properties of Conducting Polymers
Authors: Kirova N. , Brazovskii S. , Bishop A. R.
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Exploring the Early Steps of Amyloid Peptide Aggregation by Computers
Authors: Mousseau Normand , Derreumaux Philippe
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Mass Spectrometry of Simple Indoles. Part 2. Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry, Fast Atom Bombardment, Laser Desorption and Electrospray Ionization
Authors: Bongiorno David , Camarda Lorenzo , Ceraulo Leopoldo , Ferrugia Mirella
Published: January 2006

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
Studies on the Synthesis of Imidazole‐metal Complexes and Their Characterization and Binding Mechanism with DNA
Authors: Zhang Shu‐Sheng , Niu Shu‐Yan , Jie Gui‐Fen , Li Xue‐Mei , Xu Hua , Shi Xin , Jiao Kui
Published: January 2006

Three hexakis(imidazole)metallo complexes of Co, Cd and Ni were synthesized and spectroscopically characterized. The crystal and molecular structures have been determined by X‐ray crystallography analysis. The metal ions have an octahedral geometry with the MN6chromophore. The electrochemical experimental results indicate that both [Co(Im)6]Cl2·2HCl·2H2O (1) and [Ni(Im)6]Cl2·4H2O (3) [Imimidazole] could interact with DNA mainly by intercalation.
Reagentless Immunosensing Assay via Electrochemical Impedance for Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Monitoring Based on Polypyrrole and Gold Nanoparticles as Matrices
Authors: Fu Ying‐Zi , Yuan Ruo , Chai Ya‐Qin
Published: January 2006

A novel simple immunosensing strategy for fabrication of hepatitis B surface antigen detection has been developed via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) as a platform. At first, the conductive polymer polypyrrole (PPy) film was electrodeposited on a platinum electrode surface to adsorb the gold nanoparticles (nano‐Au) via the opposite‐charged adsorption technique, and then hepatitis B surface antibodies were adsorbed onto the surface of nano‐Au. The modification procedure was characterized by EIS. Such spectroscopy is attributed to the concomitant conductivity changes of the polymerized pyrrole film and gold nanoparticles. The factors influencing the performance of resulting immunoelectrode were studied in detail. The linear range of the resulting immunoelectrode is from 2.6 to 153.6 ng·mL−1 with a detection limit of 1.3 ng·mL−1 at 3σ. In addition, the experiment results indicate that antibody immobilized on this way exhibits a good sensitivity, selectivity, high stability and a long‐term maintenance of bioactivity, implying a great promising alternative approach for reagentless immunosensing analysis in the clinical diagnosis.
Ab Initio Study of Free‐Radical Polymerization: Polyethylene Propagation Kinetics
Authors: Van Cauter Karen , Van Speybroeck Veronique , Vansteenkiste Peter , Reyniers Marie‐Francoise , Waroquier Michel
Published: January 2006

The chain‐length dependence of the propagation rate coefficient for the free‐radical polymerization of ethylene was investigated on an ab initio basis. Polyethylene was chosen as a test system because of its structural simplicity. Ab initio density functional theory at the B3LYP/6‐31g(d) level was applied to study the kinetics of a set of addition reactions of a systematically growing radical alkyl chain to ethylene. These reactions are propagation steps in the free‐radical polymerization of ethylene. Special attention was paid to low normal modes corresponding to internal rotations (IR), since the latter are important for an accurate description of the partition functions. The effect of coupling of the IR modes is also discussed. A comparison is made with the propagation rate constant derived from experiment. The results indicate that the propagation rate coefficient has largely converged by the hexyl radical stage, though a weaker chain‐length dependence of kp for longer chains was detected.
Berry Pseudorotation Mechanism for the Interpretation of the 19F NMR Spectrum in PF5 by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Raynaud Christophe , Maron Laurent , Daudey Jean‐Pierre , Jolibois Franck
Published: January 2006

For the first time, theoretical evidence that confirms the importance of the Berry pseudorotation process in the interpretation of the19F NMR spectrum of phosphorus pentafluoride (PF5) is presented. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to generate a large number of configurations used for NMR parameter computations at the density functional theory level. Two different temperatures were set to highlight the effect of pseudorotation process on the NMR spectrum. Average19F chemical shifts and spin–spin coupling constants calculated for the five fluorine atoms converge towards the NMR equivalence of the five atoms when the Berry pseudorotation mechanism is accounted for.
Structure of the HOOO Radical in Liquid Water: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Chalmet Stéphanie , Ruiz‐López Manuel F.
Published: January 2006

The HOOO radical is supposed to play a role in ozone chemistry, both in the gas phase and aqueous media. We discuss the influence of the solvent on the electronic and geometrical structure of this radical using density functional and high‐level ab initio calculations together with continuum, discrete, and discrete‐continuum solvent models. Solute–solvent electrostatic interactions are shown to be fundamental, and lead to a noticeable stabilization of the radical, which should adopt a trans conformation in aqueous media. In fact, no energy minimum for the cis conformation is predicted in these conditions.
The Equilibrium Structure of Ferrocene
Authors: Coriani Sonia , Haaland Arne , Helgaker Trygve , Jørgensen Poul
Published: January 2006

The molecular structures of ferrocene in the eclipsed (equilibrium) and staggered (saddle‐point) conformations have been determined by full geometry optimizations at the levels of second‐order Møller–Plesset (MP2) theory, coupled‐cluster singles‐and‐doubles (CCSD) theory, and CCSD theory with a perturbative triples correction [CCSD(T)] in a TZV2P+f basis set. Existing experimental results are reviewed. The agreement between the CCSD(T) results and experiment is in all cases excellent; the calculated structure parameters and the barrier to internal rotation of the ligand rings differ from the most accurate experimental values by less than two estimated standard deviations. The CCSD(T) calculations for single‐configuration‐dominated transition metal complexes such as ferrocene thus appear to have an accuracy comparable to that observed for molecules containing only first‐ and second‐row atoms, and to be of a quality similar to that obtained experimentally. A comparison with previous DFT results indicates that the B3LYP model gives overall the best DFT results, with a deviation of around 2 pm for the metal–carbon distance and smaller errors for the cyclopentadienyl rings.
Current Topics in Smectic Liquid Crystal Research
Authors: Lagerwall Jan P. F. , Giesselmann Frank
Published: January 2006

Interest in the smectic liquid‐crystalline state of matter received a substantial boost with the discovery by Meyer in the mid‐1970s that a chiral smectic C (SmC*) phase exhibits a spontaneous electric polarization, and with the subsequent demonstration by Clark and Lagerwall of the surface‐stabilized SmC* ferroelectric liquid crystal at the beginning of the 1980s. Since then, chiral smectic phases and their plethora of polar effects have dominated the research in this field, which today has reached a mature state where the first commercial microdisplay applications are now shipping in millions‐per‐year quantities. In this Review we discuss some of the topics of highest interest in current smectic liquid crystal research, and address application‐relevant research (de Vries‐type tilting transitions without defect generation and high‐tilt antiferroelectric liquid crystals with perfect dark state) as well as more curiosity‐driven research (the nature and origin of the chiral smectic C subphases and their intermediate frustrated states between ferro‐ and antiferroelectricity).
Cover Picture: Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Investigations Using Quantum‐Dot Fluorophores (ChemPhysChem 1/2006)
Authors: Clapp Aaron R. , Medintz Igor L. , Mattoussi Hedi
Published: January 2006

The cover picture shows a Förster resonance electron transfer (FRET) system employing a CdSe–ZnS core–shell quantum dot (QD) as exciton donor and a proximal organic dye acceptor, brought in close proximity by self‐assembling a dye‐labeled protein onto the QD surface. The energetic pathways involved in the nonradiative transfer of excitation energy from the donor to the acceptor are provided below. Details can be found in the Minireview by Mattoussi et al. on page 47.
A new approach of creating Au‐Sn solder bumps from electroplating
Authors: Wei Jiang
Published: January 2006

A homogeneous melting eutectic Au/Sn solder bump for laser chip application has been developed. The under‐bump metallization consists of a Ni wetting layer, a plating seed layer of Pt/Au/Ti multi‐layer scheme. The solder is electroplated as a sequence of Ni, Au and Sn layers. The bump can be exposed to multi‐step reflow cycles. The reflow of the solder as plated starts with a phase forming process in the solid state which results in an eutectic‐like phase and the near eutectic dand z phases. The dand z phases dissolve during the liquid state stage of the reflow at temperatures between 300 and 350 °C. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thermal expansion and structural properties of (CuAlTe2)1–x(CuAlSe2)x solid solutions
Authors: Korzun B. V. , Fadzeyeva A. A. , Bente K. , Schmitz W. , Schorr S.
Published: January 2006

Investigations of the thermal expansion of (CuAlTe2)1–x(CuAlSe2)x solid solutions in the temperature range from 100 to 800 K have been carried out for the first time. It has been demonstrated that the thermal expansion coefficient αL grows considerably in the temperature range from 100 to 300 K, whereas the temperature dependence above 300 K is rather weak. The isotherms of composition dependence of the thermal expansion coefficient αL for 100, 293, 500 and 800 K were constructed, and it was found that linear relations could express them. The Debye temperatures θD , the average mean‐square dynamic displacements $ \bar u ^2 $, the average root‐mean‐square amplitudes of thermal vibration RMS , the anion position parameter u using S. C. Abrahams & J. L. Bernstein (uAB ) and J. E. Jaffe & A. Zunger (uJZ ) models were calculated. The composition dependence of microhardness H using the phenomenological theory was also calculated, and it was discovered that this dependence has a non‐linear character with a maximum of 383 kg/mm2 at x=0.67. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The significance of telomeric aggregates in the interphase nuclei of tumor cells
Authors: Mai Sabine , Garini Yuval
Published: January 2006

Telomeres are TTAGGG repetitive motifs found at the ends of vertebrate chromosomes. In humans, telomeres are protected by shelterin, a complex of six proteins (de Lange [2005] Genes Dev. 19: 2100–2110). Since (Müller [1938] Collecting Net. 13: 181–198; McClintock [1941] Genetics 26: 234–282), their function in maintaining chromosome stability has been intensively studied. This interest, especially in cancer biology, stems from the fact that telomere dysfunction is linked to genomic instability and tumorigenesis (Gisselsson et al. [2001] Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 12683–12688; Deng et al. [2003] Genes Chromosomes Cancer 37: 92–97; DePinho and Polyak [2004] Nat. Genetics 36: 932–934; Meeker et al. [2004] Clin. Cancer Res. 10: 3317–3326). In the present overview, we will discuss the role of telomeres in genome stability, recent findings on three‐dimensional (3D) changes of telomeres in tumor interphase nuclei, and outline future avenues of research. J. Cell. Biochem. 97: 904–915, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Intracellular acidification delays hormonal G2/M transition and inhibits G2/M transition triggered by thiophosphorylated MAPK in Xenopus oocytes
Authors: Sellier C. , Bodart J.‐F. , Flament S. , Baert F. , Gannon J. , Vilain J.‐P.
Published: January 2006

Xenopus oocyte maturation is analogous to G2/M transition and characterized by germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), spindle formation, activation of MPF and Mos‐Xp42Mpk1 pathways. It is accompanied prior to GVBD by a transient increase in intracellular pH. We determined that a well known acidifying compound, NH4Cl, delayed progesterone‐induced GVBD in a dose‐dependent manner. GVBD50 was delayed up to 2.3‐fold by 10 mM NH4Cl. Cyclin B2 phosphorylation, Cdk1 Tyr15 dephosphorylation as well as p39Mos accumulation, Xp42Mpk1 and p90Rsk phosphorylation induced by progesterone were also delayed by incubation of oocyte in NH4Cl. The delay induced by NH4Cl was prevented by injection of MOPS buffer pH 7.7. In contrast to acidifying medium, alkalyzing treatment such as Tris buffer pH 9 injections, accelerated GVBD, MPF and Xp42Mpk1 activation, indicating that pHi changes control early steps of G2/M dynamics. When injected in an immature recipient oocyte, egg cytoplasm triggers GVBD through MPF auto‐amplification, independently of protein synthesis. In these conditions, GVBD and Xp42Mpk1 activation were delayed by high concentration of NH4Cl, which never prevented or delayed MPF activation. Strickingly, NH4Cl strongly inhibited thiophosphorylated active MAPK‐induced GVBD and MPF activation. Nevertheless, Tris pH 9 did not have any effects on egg cytoplasm‐ or active MAPK‐induced GVBD. Taken together, our results suggest that dynamic of early events driving Xp42Mpk1 and MPF activation induced by progesterone may be negatively or positively regulated by pHi changes. However Xp42Mpk1 pathway was inhibited by acidification alone. Finally, MPF auto‐amplification loop was not sensitive to pHi changes. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 287–300, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High glucose increases extracellular matrix production in pancreatic stellate cells by activating the renin–angiotensin system
Authors: Ko Seung‐Hyun , Hong Oak‐Kee , Kim Ji‐Won , Ahn Yu‐Bai , Song Ki‐Ho , Cha Bong‐Yun , Son Ho‐Young , Kim Myung‐Jun , Jeong In‐Kyung , Yoon Kun‐Ho
Published: January 2006

Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are involved in pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis. Recent studies have shown that blocking the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) attenuates pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis. However, there are few data about the direct effects of high glucose on extracellular matrix (ECM) protein synthesis and angiotensin II (Ang II) induction in PSCs. PSCs were isolated from male Sprague–Dawley rats and cultured in medium containing 5.5 mM (LG group) or 27 mM D‐glucose (HG group). Levels of Ang II and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) in culture media were measured and Ang II‐positive cells were counted. We used real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Ang II receptor expression and Western blot analysis for the expression of ECM proteins such as connective‐tissue growth factor (CTGF) and collagen type IV. Cells were also treated with an Ang II‐receptor antagonist (candesartan, 10 µM) or angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (ramiprilat, 100 nM). Thymidine uptake by PSCs increased fourfold with high glucose treatment. Ang II levels and the proportion of Ang II‐positive PSCs were significantly increased after 6 h under high‐glucose conditions. TGF‐β concentrations also increased significantly with high glucose. After 72 h, the expression of CTGF and collagen type IV proteins in high‐glucose cultures increased significantly and this increase was effectively attenuated by the candesartan or the ramiprilat. All together, high glucose induced PSCs proliferation and ECM protein synthesis, and these effects were attenuated by an Ang II‐receptor antagonist. The data suggest that pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis aggravated by hyperglycemia, and Ang II play an important role in this pathogenesis. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 343–355, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microinjection of an antibody against the cysteine‐protease involved in male chromatin remodeling blocks the development of sea urchin embryos at the initial cell cycle
Authors: Puchi Marcia , Quiñones Karin , Concha Carolina , Iribarren Claudio , Bustos Paula , Morin Violeta , Genevière Anne Marie , Imschenetzky Maria
Published: January 2006

We reported recently that the inhibition of cysteine‐proteases with E‐64‐d disturbs DNA replication and prevents mitosis of the early sea urchin embryo. Since E‐64‐d is a rather general inhibitor of thiol‐proteases, to specifically target the cysteine‐protease previously identified in our laboratory as the enzyme involved in male chromatin remodeling after fertilization, we injected antibodies against the N‐terminal sequence of this protease that were able to inhibit the activity of this enzyme in vitro. We found that injection of these antibodies disrupts the initial zygotic cell cycle. As shown in this report in injected zygotes a severe inhibition of DNA replication was observed, the mitotic spindle was not correctly bipolarized the embryonic development was aborted at the initial cleavage division. Consequently, the injection of these antibodies mimics perfectly the effects previously described for E‐64‐d, indicating that the effects of this inhibitor rely mainly on the inhibition of the cysteine‐protease involved in male chromatin remodeling after fertilization. These results further support the crucial role of this protease in early embryonic development. J. Cell. Biochem. 98: 335–342, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proton MRS of the unilateral substantia nigra in the human brain at 4 tesla: Detection of high GABA concentrations
Authors: Öz Gülin , Terpstra Melissa , Tkáč Ivan , Aia Pratibha , Lowary Jodi , Tuite Paul J. , Gruetter Rolf
Published: January 2006

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), the cause of which is unknown. Characterization of early SN pathology could prove beneficial in the treatment and diagnosis of PD. The present study shows that with the use of short‐echo (5 ms) Stimulated‐Echo Acquisition Mode (STEAM) spectroscopy and LCModel, a neurochemical profile consisting of 10 metabolites, including γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate (Glu), and glutathione (GSH), can be measured from the unilateral SN at 4 tesla. The neurochemical profile of the SN is unique and characterized by a fourfold higher GABA/Glu ratio compared to the cortex, in excellent agreement with established neurochemistry. The presence of elevated GABA levels in SN was validated with the use of editing, suggesting that partial volume effects were greatly reduced. These findings establish the feasibility of obtaining a neurochemical profile of the unilateral human SN by single‐voxel spectroscopy in small volumes. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Single breath‐hold whole‐heart MRA using variable‐density spirals at 3t
Authors: Santos Juan M. , Cunningham Charles H. , Lustig Michael , Hargreaves Brian A. , Hu Bob S. , Nishimura Dwight G. , Pauly John M.
Published: January 2006

Multislice breath‐held coronary imaging techniques conventionally lack the coverage of free‐breathing 3D acquisitions but use a considerably shorter acquisition window during the cardiac cycle. This produces images with significantly less motion artifact but a lower signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). By using the extra SNR available at 3 T and undersampling k‐space without introducing significant aliasing artifacts, we were able to acquire high‐resolution fat‐suppressed images of the whole heart in 17 heartbeats (a single breath‐hold). The basic pulse sequence consists of a spectral‐spatial excitation followed by a variable‐density spiral readout. This is combined with real‐time localization and a real‐time prospective shim correction. Images are reconstructed with the use of gridding, and advanced techniques are used to reduce aliasing artifacts. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correction of through‐plane deformation artifacts in stimulated echo acquisition mode cardiac imaging
Authors: Fahmy Ahmed S. , Pan Li , Stuber Matthias , Osman Nael F.
Published: January 2006

Attempts to use a stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) in cardiac imaging are impeded by imaging artifacts that result in signal attenuation and nulling of the cardiac tissue. In this work, we present a method to reduce this artifact by acquiring two sets of stimulated echo images with two different demodulations. The resulting two images are combined to recover the signal loss and weighted to compensate for possible deformation‐dependent intensity variation. Numerical simulations were used to validate the theory. Also, the proposed correction method was applied to in vivo imaging of normal volunteers (n = 6) and animal models with induced infarction (n = 3). The results show the ability of the method to recover the lost myocardial signal and generate artifact‐free black‐blood cardiac images. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.