bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HISTOMORPHOMETRY OF THE SUPERFICIAL PECTORALIS MUSCULAR AND CRANIAL TIBIALIS MUSCULAR OF BALI DUCKS IN THE GROWTH PHASE
Authors: Prayoga I Kadek Ari Satria , Setiasih Ni Luh Eka , Heryani Luh Gde Sri Surya , Suwiti Ni Ketut , Susari Ni Nyoman Werdi , Suatha I Ketut
Published: April 2024

Superficial pectoralis muscle is a chest muscle that is located on the surface and functions in wing movement. Tibialis cranialis muscle is the top muscle in the calf muscle structure, which functions to support the bird's body. This study aims to determine the histomorphometry of the superficial pectoralis muscle and cranial tibial muscle of male and female Bali ducks in the growing phase. This research used 20 Balinese ducks aged 12 weeks. Direct anatomical examination and histological structure with a binocular light microscope. Histomorphometry was measured using the Olympus Cellsens Standard application. Anatomy and histology results were analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis, and histomorphometry using the ANOVA test with mean estimation. Histological structure of the superficial pectoralis muscle and cranial tibial muscle consists of muscle fibers, fasciculus, endomysium, perimysium and epimysium connective tissue. Histomorphometry of fascicle size, perimysium connective tissue thickness, and superficial pectoralis muscle endomysium were significantly different (P<0.05). Histomorphometry of the size of the fasciculus, perimysium connective tissue and endomysium of the cranial tibial muscle was not significantly different (P>0.05) in different genders. It can be concluded that the superficial pectoralis muscle and cranial tibial muscle of males and females in the growing phase are the same in terms of anatomical structure, but the size of the histological structure is different.  Histomorphometry of the superficial pectoralis muscle of male and female Bali ducks is significantly different (P<0.05), but not for the tibialis cranialis muscle. Further research is needed regarding the muscles of Bali ducks at other ages.
STRUCTURE AND MORPHOMETRY OF BALI DUCK PANCREAS IN THE GROWER PHASE
Authors: Pratama I Gde Andhika Putra , Setiasih Ni Luh Eka , Widyastuti Sri Kayati , Suwiti Ni Ketut , Susari Ni Nyoman Werdi , Suatha I Ketut
Published: April 2024

The pancreas is part of the digestive system which acts as a digestive aid organ. The pancreas has two functions, namely exocrine and endocrine. This study aims to determine the structure and morphometry of the pancreas of Bali ducks (Anas Sp) of different sexes in the growing phase. This research used 18 Balinese ducks which were divided into 2 groups, namely male and female with 9 each (3 months old). The method for examining anatomical structures is carried out by direct observation and histological structures using a binocular light microscope. Morphometry was measured using calipers for length and width, scales for pancreatic weight, and measuring cups for volume. Histomorphometry was measured using the Olympus cellSens Standard application. The results of the anatomical and histological structure data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis, while the morphometric data used the Independent Sample T-Test. The anatomical structure of the Bali duck pancreas is flat like a lobed tongue and pink in colour, consisting of a capsule, islets of Langerhans, acini, intercalary ducts, intralobular ducts, interlobular ducts, intralobular septa, interlobular septa, veins and arteries. The results of morphometric measurements of Bali duck pancreas showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the weight and volume of the pancreas. Histomorphometric measurements of the area of the islets of Langerhans, the area of the acini, the thickness of the intralobular septa, and the thickness of the interlobular septa showed that they were not significantly different (P>0.05) in both sexes. The anatomical structure and histology of the pancreas of male and female Bali ducks are the same, but there are differences in morphometry
RELETIONSHIP THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATITUDE WITH THE PRACTICES OF PIG FARMERS AGAINST THE APPLICATION OF BIOSECURITIES IN PAYANGAN DISTRICT, GIANYAR BALI
Authors: Suryadhi Fadhilla , Suada I Ketut , Wandia I Nengah
Published: April 2024

Farmers play a crucial role in successfully implementation of biosecurity in livestock, this is related to farmers’ knowledge, attitudes, and awareness regarding the importance of biosecurity on their farms.  This research aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and biosecurity practices among farmers, specifically focusing on pig farms in the Payangan District of Gianyar Regency, Bali. Primary data for this study were collected through surveys and directly interviews with 96 breeders. Descriptive analysis was used to discuss the research findings. Additionally, the relationship between independent variables (knowledge and attitudes) and the dependent variable (biosecurity practices) was examined using the Spearman Rank correlation test.  In this research, it was found that the level of knowledge of breeders was good, the attitude of breeders was good, and adequate practices regarding the implementation of biosecurity. As for the relationship between levels of knowledge and practice the result was 0.000 (P<0.01), but the r value obtained was very small namely 0.495. Likewise, with the relationship between attitudes and practices, the result was 0.000 (P<0.01), but the r value obtained was very small namely 0.526. In summary, while knowledge and practice are positively related, they represent only a fraction of the factors influencing the successful implementation of biosecurity practices. Based on the result of the study, it can be concluded that pig farms in Payangan District had a good level of knowledge, good attitudes and adequate practices. It is hoped that breeders can maintain their level of knowledge and attitudes, as well as improve biosecurity practices on their farms
HISTOMORPHOMETRI OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS OF BALI DUCKS USING HISTOCHEMICAL METHODS
Authors: Ksatriya I Gusti Ngurah Jagad Anom , Suwiti Ni Ketut , Kendran Anak Agung Sagung , Setiasih Ni Luh Eka , Suatha I Ketut , Susari Ni Nyoman Werdi
Published: April 2024

Bali ducks are one of the local poultry breeds whose meat and eggs are usually used. Bali ducks can experience immune disorders, especially their susceptibility to disease. White blood cells can be used as an indicator of the infection in the body, so white blood cell examination is necessary to evaluate livestock health. This study aims to determine the histomorphometric structure and differences in white blood cells in male and female Bali ducks. This research used blood samples from 8 male Balinese ducks and 8 female Balinese ducks aged two to three months from farms in Mengwi District, Badung Regency. Staining of blood smear was carried out using eosin and methylene blue staining (MDT IndoReagen®). Examination and measurement of blood cell preparations were carried out using an Olympus CX33 microscope and EPView application. Data analysis was carried out using independent samples T-test with the help of SPSS software. The results of histomorphometric examination showed that the heterophyll diameter of male Bali ducks was 5.38±0.62 µm, and the female Bali ducks was 5.23±0.60 µm. The eosinophil diameter of male Bali ducks was 5.49±0.62 µm, and the female Bali ducks was 4.99±0.54 µm. The basophil diameter of male Bali duck was 3.82±0.35 µm, and the female Bali duck was 4.33±0.52 µm. The monocyte diameter of male Bali duck was 5.13±0.72 µm, and the female Bali duck was 4.99±0.37 µm. The lymphocytes diameter of male Bali duck was 4.18±0.74 µm, and the female Bali duck was 4.52±0.58 µm. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is no histomorphometric difference between the white blood cells of male and female Bali ducks (P>0.05). Further research is needed regarding the histomorphometric comparison of white blood cells in Bali ducks at different ages to obtain more complete data.
How Population Density and Welfare Affect Crime Rates: A Study in East Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Amirusholihin  , Rahadiantino Lienggar , Nilasari Aprillia , Rakhmawati Dwi Yuli , Fatoni Fandi
Published: April 2024

Purpose: A one-fold increase in population has the potential to increase the per capita crime rate by more than two times and possibly four or six times.  In a country with a large population like Indonesia, the threat of crime can occur at any time. An increase in crime can also occur due to declining welfare levels such as during a recession in a country. Therefore, this study aims to see how population density and welfare affect crime rates.
 
Desaign/methodology/data analysis: The analysis used panel data from 38 regencies/cities in East Java province. This study separates the forms of crime based on the type so that the results will be more in-depth. The methods used are the Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model and Random Effect Model.
 
Finding: The results of this study show that per capita income and population density affect the crime rate in East Java. It found no significant association between economic shock and crime rates. When a shock occurs, government policy will provide peace for the community. So, they will focus more on improving their economic conditions rather than committing crimes.
 
Originality/value: This study provides a valuable empirical contribution by analyzing how population density and welfare impact the increase in crime in the community. This study examines the impact that occurs when an area experiences an economic shock that causes its welfare to decline, whether it will make people tend to commit crimes or focus on economic improvement.
 
Practical Implication: In densely populated areas, even though their welfare has declined due to economic shocks, it turns out that people are more focused on making economic improvements than committing criminal acts to improve their welfare. This is because of government intervention through policies that guarantee the economy so that people feel safe and can work and do better.
Productivity, Sustainability, and Economic Growth in Metropolises: Estimates of Long-Time Commuting Effects in Developing Countries
Authors: Hess Aurelio , Narteh-yoe Sampson Banflo
Published: April 2024

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the long-time commuting patterns of workers in the developing world, observing metropolises’ samples. The main question to be answered was whether there is scope for labor policy changes towards reducing long-time commuting to obtain productivity gains based on life quality improvements.
 Theoretical background: Although previous research indicates the presence of symmetric patterns in the developing world, specifically in long-time commuting, there is still a gap in checking the possibilities for labor productivity growth as a consequence of worker´s life quality improvement.
 
 Methodology: In this study, we observed six of the biggest metropolises located in very different geographic regions – New Delhi (India), Mexico City (Mexico), São Paulo (Brazil), Manilla (Philippines), Nairobi (Kenya), and Accra (Ghana). Simple random samples of workers in the Metropolitan Areas were surveyed electronically, by ‘Google-Forms e-survey’ during the second half of 2019. Considering error margins below 5 percentage points and with a 95 percent point confidence level, the authors used proportion (p) sample distributions to draw inferences about the population of workers.
 
 Results and conclusion: The results showed that long-time commuters are between 12 and 26 percent of the workers. More than 65 percent of workers in all the cities were interested in reducing commuting time. More than half of the workers agreed that reducing commuting time could improve labor productivity, and the same share is aware of the negative effects on quality of life and health. Labor policy changes in these six metropolises have the potential to affect more than 6.5 million workers.
 
 Research implications: The study advances in verifying the long-time commuting patterns and consequences, opening doors for labor policy changes towards gaining productivity by reducing time spent commuting, as previous literature has partially done.
 
Originality/value: The approach of the work and its results contribute to expanding empirical research related to the assumptions of labor productivity growth based on life quality improvements.
Knowledge assessment of e-smoking risk factors among Al-Ahsa population in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Kassem Suliman , Al-Jassim Ali , Makhaytah Marwan , Al-Masrahi Salem , Amjad Zainab
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the general knowledge of electronic smoking, and its associated risk factors among the inhabitants of Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study in Saudi Arabia's Al-Ahsa region was conducted that used an online self-administered questionnaire to gather demographic data and knowledge about e-smoking side effects through social media.
Results: The current study found that a significant, one-fourth of participants used e-cigarettes. Usage was predominant among male, young, and undergraduate adults. The study population attributed it toward flavor variability and social acceptability. The majority of the users believed that these devices are less harmful than the traditional methods, although they were aware of the potential side effects of their constituents. About half of the users were aware of the services and initiatives available to help people stop smoking and vaping.
Conclusion: According to this study, rumors regarding e-cigarettes' capacity to help smokers quit are making young adolescents in Al-Ahsa attracted toward these devices. However, their safety has not received governmental clearance. Toxic and addictive compounds found in e-cigarettes can lead to coughing and dyspnea, with lung cancer being the most common risk. Campaigns to inform people about the dangers of e-cigarettes must be encouraged and additional research is the need of the hour to fully grasp the risks associated with it.
Analyzing professional motivation in students mastering the profession of rescue technician
Authors: Sokolovskaya A. V. , Kazaeva O. V. , Gruzdev E. E.
Published: April 2024

Relevance. The profession of rescuer is currently one of the most demanded due to increased number and severity of emergency and disaster consequences. Professional success is preconditioned by comprehensive knowledge, solid skills, strong motivation and awareness of essential professional prerequisites.

The objective is to analyze the study motivation in college students mastering the program “Protection in emergency situations” across different years of study, with a focus on academic achievements.

Methods. Study motivation was assessed using the method developed by Tatyana I. Ilyina among the 2nd to 4th year college students; students’ academic performance was analyzed as well.

Results. The assessment of motivation showed that students are actively and persistently striving to master their professional abilities and skills throughout the studies. Motivation was high among students of the 2nd year (74.7 %), the 3rd year (66.3%), and the 4th year (67.1 %). However, some students apply efforts in their studies in order to obtain a formal degree. In some cases, for example, no statistically reliable correlation was revealed between academic achievements and motivation to acquire knowledge, while showing positive correlations between motivation to master a profession and obtaining a degree.

Conclusion. Improvements in students’ professional motivation throughout their studies is a prerequisite for successful academic performance, allowing to nurture motivated and committed professionals in general.
Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L. Sprague) based intercropping for higher system productivity of semiarid tropics of Northern Karnataka
Authors: Asangi Honnappa , Kattimani K N , Mastiholi A B , Siddappa R , Harisha C B
Published: April 2024

Field trials were executed at the University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka during the kharif season of 2016 and 2017 to study the growth and productivity of ajwain and leafy vegetables under intercropping system including economic profitability of such cropping systems in Northern Karnataka. The experiments were carried out with thirteen treatments comprising sole ajwain and sole crops of leafy vegetables (fenugreek, coriander, dill and amaranthus) and various combinations of ajwain and leafy vegetables in 1:1 and 1:2 ratios adopting randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that the sole crop of ajwain exhibited superior growth and yield. However, in intercropping systems, the combination of ajwain and coriander at a 1:1 ratio demonstrated the highest growth and yield parameters. The sole crop of ajwain recorded the maximum plant height (84.64 and 84.55 cm), number of branches per plant (52.38 and 52.19), number of umbels per plant (166.54 and 164.93), number of umbellate per umbel (12.44 and 12.34), and seed yield (12.95, 12.88 q ha-1 during both the years, respectively). This performance was comparable to intercropping with ajwain + coriander (1:1). Sole crops of fenugreek, coriander, dill, and amaranthus yielded higher fresh market yields compared to different intercropping systems. Notably, growing ajwain as an intercrop with coriander at a (1:1) resulted in a significantly higher land equivalent ratio (1.61) and a higher benefit–cost ratio (2.99) followed by ajwain + fenugreek (1:1) (2.98).
Virus-mealybug relationship in the transmission of piper yellow mottle virus
Authors: Malavika P , Lijisha A , Bhat A I
Published: April 2024

In the current study, the piper yellow mottle virus (PYMoV)-mealybug (Ferrisia virgata) relationship in the transmission of PYMoV in black pepper was determined. The mealybug F. virgata collected from healthy black pepper plants was reared on a pumpkin in the laboratory and used to determine the acquisition access period (AAP), retention period (RP) and inoculation access period (IAP) for the transmission of PYMoV. The crude extract isolated from black pepper plants and mealybugs were tested through PCR using PYMoV-specific primers. The study determined 30 min, 8 h, and 30 min as the AAP, RP, and IAP respectively, indicating the semipersistent type of transmission of PYMoV.
Notas para un estudio lingüístico de la "Alicia" de Carroll
Authors: De Valencia Gabriela C.
Published: April 2024

Resumen
La dirección de fotografía y la dirección de arte en el documental Guerrero. La cabeza entre las manos
Authors:   Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (España), Pérez Valero Vicente Javier , Guerrero Sempere Susana ,   Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (España)
Published: April 2024

The convergence of arts is highlighted in cinematographic and videographic production. The departments of cinematography and art direction closely collaborate in any film production, particularly in a hybrid work like Guerrero. La cabeza entre las manos (2022), directed by Mario-Paul Martínez, which is the main focus here. This film, a blend of video-graphic essay and documentary, delves into the language of art and engages with the sculptural work of its protagonist and art director, Susana Guerrero, in Proyecto GUERRERO. Vicente J. Pérez, the director of photography, visually follows Guerrero from her initial sketches to the installation of her artwork in the Church-Museum of San Sebastián de los Caballeros in Toro, Zamora. Throughout this process, Guerrero reflects on her journey and the myth- ological and cultural connections linking her to Santa Catalina de Alejandría, as well as to the Gothic mural attributed to Teresa Díeç in the same church.
Colonización espacial en el aula de primaria
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna (España), Camero-Arranz Ascensión
Published: April 2024

ASA has recently achieved a new milestone with its Mars 2020 mission, posing the Perseverance robot as a prelude to humans on Mars. Inspired by these events, pre-service Primary Education teachers, within the subjects of Innovation and curricular research in Science Education (4th year) and 2nd year of Science Education, have been requested to devise their own adventure as space colonizers. All this from a transversal vision in which Art and Science are the backbone (Serón Torrecilla, 2017; Murillo Ligorred, Serón Torrecilla y Revilla Carrasco, 2020). Among the contemporary artistic practices used are Visual Art, Sound Art, and 3D design and printing, among others. The challenge, in particular, is to explore and transport on the rugged surface of a planet like Mars
Estrategia de creación colectiva autogestionada como dinamización de la identidad comunitaria en territorios de Málaga: Artefacto Social
Authors: Rivas Herencia Eugenio , Alonso Calero José María
Published: April 2024

This paper analyses the capacity of art to have a social impact. We study the particular case of Artefacto Social, a project carried out in three neighborhoods of Malaga by a team of students of the Fine Arts Degree of the University of Malaga. The proposal born with the aim of implementing intrinsic competences of collective creation and understanding art as a tool for social transformation. Among the main objectives of the project is the promotion of art as a factor of change and an axis of mediation and empowerment. We examined different theories and strategies of participation used in public art to see how, through the implementation of an art of relationships, it is possible to nurture the link between the individual and his or her territory and community.
Arte y redes sociales: prácticas postdigitales, privacidad e identidades
Authors:   Universidad de Sevilla (España), Muñoz del Amo Áurea , Hernández Acuaviva Helena ,   Universidad de Sevilla (España)
Published: April 2024

We live in the ‘age of access’ (Rifkin, 2000), a new hyperconnected time, in which anyone with a digital device and the Internet has at its disposal an immeasurable and heterogeneous amount of information. However, the people who inhabit the virtual world have the need to attend to the communicational pressure exerted by social networks, forcing them to remain connected in multi-user mode to numerous channels in parallel. We are in an era in which it is no longer so important to ‘own’, but it is to ‘taste’ and ‘live’ the ephemeral moment on the net. Art, always in perpetual evolution and open to transformation, has undoubtedly been determined by contemporary technological advances. Since the emergence of Web 2.0, with the accelerated incursion of networks, society has experienced a revolutionary change in the way of relating and communicating and, likewise, the cybernetic evolution has permeated the artistic practices of the 21st century.
Sequential Computer Simulation of H-minus Ion Dynamics from Source to RFQ Exit with Beam Rotation
Authors: Budanov Yu. A. , Kalinin V. A. , Frolov B. A.
Published: April 2024

An end-to-end simulation of the beam dynamics in the system of extraction, beam transportation and the first section of the accelerator (RFQ) is carried out. The proposed method of modeling the dynamics of ions from the source to the exit from the RFQ made it possible to quickly and efficiently change the parameters of the matching system depending on the final results of the beam passing into the RFQ. A system for matching a beam of negative hydrogen ions has been developed and optimized, which makes it possible to rotate the beam to block the propagation of cesium into the accelerator channel and to match the beam with RFQ. As a result of optimization of the matching channel, it is possible to obtain an emittance increase in RFQ of no more than 25 % for 90 % of the beam fraction, while the capture of beam particles in the acceleration mode is 98 % of the injected beam. The increased drifts in the matching system leave enough space for the placement of diagnostic equipment, a vacuum system and a beam correction system. The dependence of the beam dynamics in the RFQ on the charge distribution over the beam cross section at the output of the matching channel is established.
Relação entre a Hepatite C e os determinantes sociais da saúde descritos nos estudos ecológicos
Authors: Tiroli Carla Fernanda , Bolorino Natacha , Gonçalves Laís Cristina , Montanha Rafaela Marioto , Zandonadi Maithe Gomes Lima , Monteiro Isadora Flávio , Mattos Tissiane Soares Seixas de , Souza Ana Beatriz Floriano de , Ferreira Natalia Marciano de Araujo , Pieri Flávia Meneguetti
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Identificar a relação entre o vírus da Hepatite C e os Determinantes Sociais da Saúde descritos nos estudos ecológicos. Métodos: Trata-se de revisão integrativa, que incluiu estudos originais indexados nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, Embase, Web of Science and Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online via PubMed e Ovid, publicados em português, inglês e espanhol e sem limite temporal. Resultados: Foram selecionados seis artigos, o que gerou dois eixos temáticos: características individuais (idade, sexo e raça/etnia) e condições socioeconômicas, culturais e ambientais gerais (privação socioeconômica, desemprego, pobreza, índice de desenvolvimento humano, produto interno bruto, baixa escolaridade e características de habitação). A presença dos Determinantes Sociais da Saúde indica a existência de vulnerabilidades socioeconômicas que favorecem a transmissão do vírus da Hepatite C. Considerações finais: Os estudos ecológicos contribuem para o desenvolvimento de trabalhos epidemiológicos, possibilitam a produção de mapas que sinalizam a prevalência de casos e o comportamento de doenças e de infecções e fornecem informações importantes para o planejamento de ações para prevenção e controle do vírus.
Determinantes sociais em saúde como fator de impacto na assistência em saúde para populações quilombolas: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Amador Emmily Oliveira , Pinheiro Priscila de Nazaré Quaresma , Silva Paula Andrade , Sandim Dayana de Barros , Dias Emilly Gabriele Ribeiro , Lima Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa , Filgueiras Lígia Amaral , Silva Marcos Jessé Abrahão , Martins Filho Arnaldo Jorge , Lima Karla Valéria Batista
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar os Determinantes Sociais em Saúde de populações quilombolas. Métodos: Foi elaborada a pergunta norteadora: “Quais os efeitos dos determinantes sociais das populações quilombolas na sua assistência em saúde?”, para responder à pergunta foi realizada buscas nas seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Periódico CAPES, incluindo estudos originais, revisão sistemática, meta-análise e estudo de caso publicados de forma integral entre os anos de 2013 e 2022. Resultados: Foram encontrados 32 artigos nas bases de dados, após as leituras, permaneceram 10 artigos das regiões Nordeste, Centro-Oeste e Sul. Foram identificados três Determinantes Sociais em Saúde mais relatados, sendo eles: condições socioeconômicas, questões discriminatórias e ambientais. Considerações finais: Foi observada a presença do racismo estrutural e institucional, se não ofertadas as políticas públicas que assegurem seus direitos constitucionais à saúde e educação. Há poucos estudos acerca da temática na região Norte, estes poucos estudos foram citados ao longo da discussão.
Percurso de mulheres em situação de violência e as estratégias de acolhimento dentro da rede de enfrentamento
Authors: Moreira Michelle Araújo , Dias Marcella Bonifácio Lelles , Carneiro Yolanda Aguiar , Pereira Maryana Orrico , Araújo Junior José Carlos de
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Analisar o percurso das mulheres em situação de violência e as estratégias de acolhimento desenvolvidas pela rede de enfrentamento. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado com 24 profissionais que atuam em instituições da Rede de Enfrentamento à Violência contra a Mulher. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, através de gravação por aparelho digital, entre novembro de 2022 e outubro de 2023 e analisados por meio da técnica de conteúdo temática proposta por Bardin. Resultados: A mulher em situação de violência perpassa por diferentes instituições, dentre as principais, a Defensoria Pública, a Delegacia de Atendimento Especializado, o Centro de Referência de Atendimento à Mulher e hospitais. No que tange as estratégias de acolhimento, tem-se a escuta, orientações e encaminhamentos para serviços especializados e abrigos seguros, auxílio jurídico e emocional, acompanhamento das medidas protetivas, melhoria do vínculo familiar para menores agredidas, monitoramento dos agressores e ações para o empoderamento feminino. Conclusão: Conclui-se que, o percurso de mulheres em situação de violência ocorre em diferentes serviços e que as diversas estratégias de acolhimento desempenham um papel crucial no enfrentamento à violência.
Selection and Characterization of a Nanoemulsion of Poorly Soluble Drug by Applying Box-Behnken Design and Converting it into a Nanoemulgel for Topical Application
Authors: Ayalasomayajula Lakshmi U , Patro Chandra S , Raul Saroj K
Published: April 2024

In the present work, nanoemulsion (NE) based hydrogel, i.e., nanoemulgel (NEG) of Itraconazole, an antifungal drug was prepared and investigated to study its potential in delivering a drug topically. NE of Itraconazole was prepared by high energy emulsification method employing anise oil as lipid phase; Gelucire 44/14 and PEG 400 are surfactant and co-surfactants, respectively. The construction of ternary phase diagrams determined the concentration of the ingredients. The prepared NE’s were thus assessed for various parameters such as pH, electric conductivity, refractive index, viscosity, spreadability, poly-dispersity index (PDI), particle size, zeta potential etc and then distributed into suitable gel bases such as Carbopol 934P and Guar gum to obtain nanoemulsion based hydrogel. Therefore, various quality control tests such as pH, electric conductivity, refractive index, viscosity, spreadability, poly-dispersity index (PDI), particle size, zeta potential, swelling index, drug content estimation, in-vitro diffusion and ex-vivo permeation studies, antifungal studies etc were tested on the formulated NEG’s. The optimized formulation FI2 released 98.09 ± 0.84% of the active ingredient in 12 hours and the pH, viscosity, and spreadability were found to suit the skin requirements. The results prove that topical administration of Itraconazole NEG increases the permeability and diffusibility of the drug.
Nutritive Value and Antioxidant Activity of Mamao (Antidesma thwaitesianum) Fruit Juice
Authors: Thongmuang Pimporn , Thongkao Kanittada , Petcharaporn Kanyapat , Sudjaroen Yuttana
Published: April 2024

The ripped “Mamao” (Antidesma thwaitesianum) fruit is naturally eaten and contained bioactive constituents with health promoting benefits to consumers i.e., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic activities. Local-made juice was concerned on its quality, aims of this study were determined anthocyanin and tannin contents of mamao juice. The nutritional composition contained in juice and antioxidant activity were also evaluated. This juice was provided high calcium and dietary fiber, while low calories from fat. There was contained tannin content (3.64 mg/mL) and very high amount of anthocyanin (1,202.43 mg of cyanindin-3-glucoside equivalent, CE/L), which were implied that this juice was good taste by lack of astringent taste, and intensive red grape-like color with strong antioxidant activity. Mamao juice was possessed strong DPPH radical scavenging activity in both of fat soluble (879.38 mg of trolox equivalent, TE/100 mL) and water soluble (653.14 mg of ascorbic acid equivalent, AE/100 mL) environments, which were related to high content of anthocyanin. In this study, we were use anthocyanin content for monitoring of the quality of this juice. For further study, this research is need to conduct on application of phytochemical contents with sensory evaluation on process of juice production.
Effectiveness of Citrus paradisi Extract, its Synergistic Effect and Cytotoxicity when Incorporated into Tissue Conditioners against Candida Species
Authors: PD Anupama , PB Rajendra , SA Veena , SC Shashidhara , SM Santhanu
Published: April 2024

Purpose: One of the most common fungal infections seen in complete denture wearers is candidiasis. Unscrupulous use of tissue conditioners, in the long run, can lead to irreversible damage to the tissues if the underlying infection is not attended to in a timely manner. Carcinogenesis and environmental residues associated with synthetic antifungals are eliminating them from the market and herbal alternatives are replacing them due to lesser side effects. Since Citrus species are known for antifungal and antibacterial effects, the raw fruits of Citrus paradisi were selected for study. Materials and Methods: The fresh fruits of C. paradisi were hydrodistilated to obtain their volatile oil. Antifungal impact studies were conducted using agar diffusion and colony count techniques on certain Candidal strains from the ATCC. The research was conducted on human gingival fibroblasts to determine cytotoxicity, biofilm inhibition, synergistic action, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum fungicidal concentration, and zone of inhibition (ZOI). Results: Volatile extract of C. paradisi showed higher efficiency compared to commercially available antifungals. Cytotoxic effects were less than the toxicity showed by commercial antifungals. Conclusion: C. paradisi oil extract showed antifungal effect on tested strains of Candida. In-vitro cytotoxicity on human gingival fibroblast was less in comparison to flucanazole and amphotericin B.
The Role of Curcumin and Neem in the Form of Mouthwash in the Treatment of Aphthous Ulcer in the Oral Cavity
Authors: Jain Sulabh , Nair Gayathri V , Satapathy Sukanta K , Shinkre Rohan
Published: April 2024

Background: Aphthous ulcers are common painful lesions that affect the oral mucosa. Traditional treatments often include topical agents to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Curcumin and neem are two natural compounds with known anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, which may offer therapeutic benefits in the treatment of aphthous ulcers. Materials and Methods: Aphthous ulcers were the target of this research, which sought to determine if a mouthwash containing curcumin and neem was effective in treating them. About 100 people with aphthous ulcers were part in a randomized controlled experiment. Participants were divided into two groups: one receiving the curcumin and neem mouthwash and the other receiving a placebo mouthwash. Treatment was administered twice daily for two weeks. Pain scores, ulcer size, and healing time were recorded at baseline and throughout the study period. Results: When compared to the placebo group, the group that received the mouthwash containing curcumin and neem showed a substantial decrease in pain levels (p < 0.05). In the treatment group, the size of the ulcer reduced by 50%, whereas in the control group, it fell by 20% (p < 0.01). Ulcers in the treatment group healed an average of seven days faster than in the control group, which took twelve days. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, a mouthwash that contains curcumin and neem might help alleviate discomfort, speed up the healing process, and ultimately speed up the treatment of oral aphthous ulcers. We need more studies to figure out what’s going on and how to make the best treatments.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Antilithiatic Potential: In-vitro andIn-vivo Studies on Aqueous Extract and Fractions from Punica granatum L. Leaves
Authors: Arra Keerthana , Pasupula Rajeshwari , Rayana Supriya
Published: April 2024

The hydroalcoholic concentrate and its fractions of Punica granatum L. leaves were tested for antilithiatic activity. The evaluation includes in-vitro as well as in-vivo investigations. The extract and its fractions were tested in-vitro for their effects on urolithiasis-related processes such crystal formation, growth, & aggregation inhibition. In-vivo testing examined stone formation, growth, & dissolution in animal models with artificial urolithiasis after providing the extract and fractions. In-vitro, the hydroalcoholic extract & its components prevented crystal development, aggregation, and formation. These data imply that the extract & fractions may inhibit early stone growth, preventing urolithiasis. In animal models with artificial urolithiasis, the extract and fractions dramatically decreased stone load, with dichloromethane showing better antilithiatic effects. In addition, the therapy helped dissolve and pass stones. These findings demonstrate P. granatum L. leaves’ powerful antilithiatic capabilities, supporting their use in urolithiasis.
Development and Evaluation of Trazodone Hydrochloride Tablets for Oral Drug Delivery Technology
Authors: Sable Vijay , Wagh Sanjay
Published: April 2024

Usually, conventional oral drugs such as tablets and capsules are formulated to rapidly release the active ingredient into the body when ingested orally. This facilitates speedy and complete assimilation of the medication into the circulatory system, resulting in a prompt onset of its effects. The term “modified release drug product” pertains to drugs that alter the timing and/or rate of drug component release. The objective of study was to develop and evaluate a matrix tablet that achieves prolonged release of trazodone hydrochloride. Trazodone hydrochloride is an orally administered novel antidepressant medication. Mood disorders, phobias, and social anxiety disorders are common indications for its usage. Two different forms of trazodone hydrochloride medications are now on the market: Rapid-release tablets and prolonged-release capsules. Effexor and Effexor XR are the brand names under which these drugs are marketed. Trazodone hydrochloride has a short biological half-life of 5 hours, which means that it is necessary to take 2 to 3 dosages each day. The optimal daily dose falls within the range of 75 to 450 mg/day. Trazodone hydrochloride is a kind of medicine used for long-term treatment of depression. Thus, to decrease the occurrence of dosing, we chose to develop straightforward and cost-effective sustained-release tablets of trazodone.
ISO 13485:2016 – The Gateway of Global or Regional Harmonization for Medical Device Regulations
Authors: Jadhav Nitin M , Shendge Raosaheb S
Published: April 2024

The present review article emphasizes the pivotal role of ISO 13485:2016 in facilitating the global harmonization of medical device regulations. Compliance with this standard is crucial for manufacturers aiming to access international markets, including India, Europe, and the USA. Harmonization of regulations simplifies the process of obtaining licenses and approvals, reducing burdens on manufacturers and enhancing patient safety. By implementing effective quality management systems, manufacturers can navigate the complex regulatory landscape and contribute to the global healthcare industry. The review article also underscores the diversity of medical devices available and acknowledges the substantial expansion of the Indian market. It discusses the stringent regulations outlined in the Indian Medical Device Rules (IMDR) 2017 and the challenges faced by nations in accessing high-quality medical devices. Furthermore, it touches upon the European Medical Device Regulations and the dynamic regulatory environment in the USA. In conclusion, the paper underscores the importance of ISO 13485:2016 in achieving global and regional harmonization of medical device regulations, thereby facilitating market access for manufacturers and confirming the assurance of safe and effective medical device products to patients worldwide.
The Use of Biological Pigments in Cosmetics for Eco-friendly and Sustainable Coloring
Authors: Kadam Seemadevi , Deore Sunita , Tare Harshal , Wagh Vinod , Thube Ujjwala
Published: April 2024

Synthetic pigments have been used in the cosmetics industry for a very long time in everything from lipsticks to eye shadows. However, the hunt for sustainable and secure alternatives is driven by escalating environmental and health concerns. A feasible alternative that offers benefits in terms of biodegradability, sustainability, and safety is bacteria-based pigments. The potential of bacterial pigments in cosmetics is explored in this review article by focusing on their sources, extraction processes, and advantages over synthetic alternatives. The study also explores the safety and regulatory framework pertaining to bacterial pigments and presents actual case studies of their successful application in cosmetic products. A scenario on the potential impact of bacterial pigments on the cosmetics market is provided as a conclusion. The demand for various cosmetics is on rise and ever-increasing due to the inherent desire to look beautiful. A marked increase in women’s use of different cosmetic formulations has been witnessed in recent years. Varieties of cosmetics from different manufacturers are available in the market. Synthetic colors have been used in cosmetics for a long time, resulting in human health risks and environmental pollution. Therefore it is critical to search for novel natural pigments that are safe and alternative to synthetic ones. Compared to synthetic colors, microbial pigments show better biodegradability and greater compatibility with the environment.
Immediate effect of upright position on lumbar disc using multiposture MRI: Preliminary results
Authors: Furihata Kento , Miyati Tosiaki , Ohno Naoki , Kobayashi Satoshi
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

Gravity loading on lumbar intervertebral discs (IVDs) is affected by body position. Although the long-term effects of gravity on IVDs have been reported, the immediate effects of gravity on IVDs remain unclear. We considered that changes in IVD structure in the upright and supine positions provided new diagnostic information. Therefore, we compared the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), transverse relaxation time (T2), and morphology of the lumbar spine between the quickly changing upright and supine positions using an original magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system that can obtain images in any position (multiposture MRI).

Material and Methods:

On a 0.4-T multiposture MRI, diffusion-weighted images of the lumbar spine in seven healthy volunteers were obtained using single-shot diffusion echo-planar imaging (b = 0 and 600 s/mm2) in quickly changing upright and supine positions. Moreover, spin-echo images with multiple echo times (echo time = 30, 60, 90, and 120 ms) were obtained in each position. We calculated the ADC and T2 of each IVD (L1 and S1) without any disc degeneration. In addition, the lumbar lordosis angle and length of the lumbar spine were measured to evaluate the morphology of the lumbar spine.

Results:

The T2 of the IVD between L4 and L5 in the upright position was significantly lower than that in the supine position (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the ADC. The morphology of the lumbar spine did not differ significantly between the two positions.

Conclusion:

The T2 of the IVD between L4 and L5 was likely decreased by the effect of gravity due to the postural change from supine to upright.
Comparative effects of shockwave therapy and Maitland lumbar mobilization on pain, disability, and range of motion in patients with mechanical low back pain: A pilot study
Authors: Ejaz Rida , Rafique Saba , Hamid Khizra , Raza Qasim , Haider Shabana
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

Low back pain (LBP) has been considered a neuromusculoskeletal issue that affects a wide variety of populations around the globe at some stage in their life. This paper aimed to see the comparative effects of shockwave therapy and Maitland lumbar mobilizations on pain severity, disability, and range of motion (ROM) values in subjects with mechanical LBP.

Methods:

A randomized clinical trial was carried out involving 26 subjects divided into two groups using a random number generator table. After baseline therapy (lumbar stretches and core strengthening exercises), shockwave therapy was administered to Group A (2000 shocks/session, pressure of 2 bars, frequency 10 Hz), while Group B received Maitland lumbar mobilizations (starting from Grade 1, with 3–4 sets of oscillations with 40 counts/set, two sets of oscillation to one level below and above the affected vertebras). Both therapeutic interventions were administered for 30 days, twice a week (total of eight sessions) for individual groups.

Results:

Numeric pain rating scale, Oswestry LBP disability index, lumbar flexion, and extension ROM pre- and post-treatment values showed significant differences with P < 0.05. A greater difference in mean values was observed in group B receiving Maitland mobilization as compared to group A receiving shockwave therapy. Between-group analysis showed a statistically significant difference in both groups with P < 0.005.

Conclusion:

Both groups showed significant effects in reducing pain levels, functional disability scores, and improving flexion and extension ROM values. However, participants receiving Maitland mobilization showed more significant improvement in all variables than shockwave therapy.
Investigating the effect of Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) models on motivation and academic learning time in physical education
Authors: Romadhona Novita Suci , Kurniawan Rama , Darmawan Arief
Published: April 2024

Background Problems: Motivation and academic learning time are the most important factors for students to achieve their learning goals. Research Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of the TGfU learning model on students' motivation and academic learning time (ALT). Methods: This type of research used the experimental method by using a control class and an experimental class, with research design using a randomised control group pre-test and post-test. The population of this study consisted of vocational high school students who took physical education subjects. The sample was randomly selected with a total of 68 students from 2 classes, with 34 students per class. The experimental (treatment) class used the TGfU learning model with student-centred approaches, strategies, and games. Meanwhile, the control class used the cooperative model, and the approach used was the student-centred approach. The research instruments were pre-test and post-test questionnaire instruments to measure students' learning motivation and systematic observation through duration recording techniques using observation sheets by paying attention to four categories of activities in physical education learning, namely management (M), learning activities (A), instructional (I), and waiting (W). The pre-test and post-test data analysis techniques were analysed using a homogeneity test, a normality test, and a Mann-Whitney test using SPSS version 25. Finding/Result: This study showed significant differences between the control and experimental classes in learning motivation, particularly in intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, and amotivation, with the TGfU approach exerting a significant effect. However, there was no significant difference between the Introjected Regulation and External Regulation categories. In addition, TGfU also improved academic learning time (ALT) and engagement in learning activities (A), but the control class was superior in waiting (W). Conclusion: These findings suggest that TGfU encourages students' active participation and extends overall learning time. Future research could investigate this by using in-depth interviews to elaborate on the factors underlying motivation and student participation through the implementation of TGfU models.