bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RainbowEnhancers Regulate Restrictive Transcription in Teleost Green, Red, and Blue Cones
Authors: Fang Wei , Guo Chuanyu , Wei Xiangyun
Published: February 2017

Photoreceptor-specific transcription of individual genes collectively constitutes the transcriptional profile that orchestrates the structural and functional characteristics of each photoreceptor type. It is challenging, however, to study the transcriptional specificity of individual photoreceptor genes because each gene's distinct spatiotemporal transcription patterns are determined by the unique interactions between a specific set of transcription factors and the gene's owncis-regulatory elements (CREs), which remain unknown for most of the genes. For example, it is unknown what CREs underlie the zebrafishmpp5bponli(ponli) andcrumbs2b(crb2b) apical polarity genes' restrictive transcription in the red, green, and blue (RGB) cones in the retina, but not in other retinal cell types. Here we show that the intronic enhancers of both theponliandcrb2bgenes are conserved among teleost species and that they share sequence motifs that are critical for RGB cone-specific transcription. Given their similarities in sequences and functions, we name theponliandcrb2benhancers collectivelyrainbowenhancers.Rainbowenhancers may represent acis-regulatory mechanism to turn on a group of genes that are commonly and restrictively expressed in RGB cones, which largely define the beginning of the color vision pathway.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDim-light achromatic vision and bright-light color vision are initiated in rod and several types of cone photoreceptors, respectively; these photoreceptors are structurally distinct from each other. In zebrafish, although quite different from rods and UV cones, RGB cones (red, green, and blue cones) are structurally similar and unite into mirror-symmetric pentamers (G-R-B-R-G) by adhesion. This structural commonality and unity suggest that a set of genes is commonly expressed only in RGB cones but not in other cells. Here, we report that therainbowenhancers activate RGB cone-specific transcription of theponliandcrb2bgenes. This study provides a starting point to study how RGB cone-specific transcription defines RGB cones' distinct functions for color vision.
Compulsive Social Behavior Emerges after Selective Ablation of Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons
Authors: Martos Yanina V. , Braz Barbara Y. , Beccaria Juan P. , Murer M. Gustavo , Belforte Juan E.
Published: February 2017

The mechanisms underlying social dysfunction in neuropsychiatric conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette syndrome remain uncertain. However, it is known that dysfunctions in basal ganglia, including a reduced number of striatal cholinergic interneurons (SCIN), are involved in their pathophysiology. To explore the role of SCIN in relation to perseverative behaviors, we characterized a new transgenic mouse model in which inducible ablation of SCIN is achieved with high efficiency in a cell-type- and region-specific manner. Mice were subjected to extensive behavioral testing, including assessment of social behaviors, and corticostriatal functional connectivity was evaluatedin vivo. Selective SCIN ablation leads to altered social interactions together with exacerbated spontaneously emitted repetitive behaviors. Lesioned mice showed normal motor coordination, balance, and general locomotion. Interestingly, only environmentally driven, but not self-directed, repetitive behaviors were exacerbated in lesioned mice. Remarkably, in mice with SCIN ablation, the normal pattern of social exploration was replayed continuously. The emerging pattern of social interactions is highly predictable and invariant across time.In vivoelectrophysiological recordings indicate that SCIN ablation results in an increase of the functional connectivity between different cortical areas and the motor, but not associative, region of the striatum. Our results identify a role of SCIN in suppressing perseverative behaviors, including socially related ones. In sum, SCIN ablation in mice leads to exacerbated ritualistic-like behaviors that affect social performance, providing a link between SCIN dysfunction and the social impairments present in psychiatric disorders.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe sought to uncover the impact of striatal cholinergic interneuron (SCIN) degeneration on perseverative behaviors related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS). We found that extensive SCIN ablation results in exacerbated social interactions, in which normal social contacts were replayed continuously in a highly stereotyped, ritualistic pattern. SCIN ablation also leads to an increase in other spontaneously emitted repetitive behaviors without alteration of motor coordination, balance, or locomotion. Moreover, we identify an increase of functional connectivity between frontal cortical areas and the motor region of the striatum as a putative substrate for the observed behavioral alterations. Therefore, perseveration induced by SCIN ablation extends to social performance as occurs in neuropsychiatric conditions such as OCD and TS.
“Noble and Delicate Sentiments”
Authors: Larson Carolyne R.
Published: February 2017

This article explores the emotional community of museum natural scientists in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Argentina, a context in which the growth of museum natural sciences and nation-state formation became closely intertwined. Influenced by powerful nineteenth-century notions of civilization and modernity, Argentine scientists and statemakers sought to create a distinctively Argentine science, which would emulate European science in form but also retain a uniquely national character. A small group of influential museum administrators and scientists consciously strove to strengthen science’s influence in Argentine national society by creating communal norms among scientists that resonated with narratives about civilization and modernity, and that guided proper behavior and emotional expression. Scientists also challenged the expectations of their community, testing the strength of central emotional tenets such as patriotism and objectivity. This article uses emotional communities as a framework for exploring the push and pull between social patterns and individual choices in this critical moment in Argentina’s history, when new and powerful ideas about science—as a modern, objective, and national practice—emerged in tandem with nation-state formation. In particular, this article explores museum natural scientists’ emotional concerns with objectivity and patriotism through a small group of Argentine museum natural scientists: Francisco P. Moreno, Juan B. Ambrosetti, Hermann Burmeister, and Florentino Ameghino.
A method for high‐throughput production of sequence‐verified DNA libraries and strain collections
Authors: Smith Justin D , Schlecht Ulrich , Xu Weihong , Suresh Sundari , Horecka Joe , Proctor Michael J , Aiyar Raeka S , Bennett Richard A O , Chu Angela , Li Yong Fuga , Roy Kevin , Davis Ronald W , Steinmetz Lars M , Hyman Richard W , Levy Sasha F , St.Onge Robert P
Published: February 2017

The low costs of array‐synthesized oligonucleotide libraries are empowering rapid advances in quantitative and synthetic biology. However, high synthesis error rates, uneven representation, and lack of access to individual oligonucleotides limit the true potential of these libraries. We have developed a cost‐effective method called Recombinase Directed Indexing (REDI), which involves integration of a complex library into yeast, site‐specific recombination to index library DNA, and next‐generation sequencing to identify desired clones. We used REDI to generate a library of ~3,300 DNA probes that exhibited > 96% purity and remarkable uniformity (> 95% of probes within twofold of the median abundance). Additionally, we created a collection of ~9,000 individually accessible CRISPR interference yeast strains for > 99% of genes required for either fermentative or respiratory growth, demonstrating the utility of REDI for rapid and cost‐effective creation of strain collections from oligonucleotide pools. Our approach is adaptable to any complex DNA library, and fundamentally changes how these libraries can be parsed, maintained, propagated, and characterized.
Mismatch Repair Incompatibilities in Diverse Yeast Populations
Authors: Bui Duyen T , Friedrich Anne , Al-Sweel Najla , Liti Gianni , Schacherer Joseph , Aquadro Charles F , Alani Eric
Published: February 2017

Microbial populations with elevated mutation rates can adapt more rapidly to new environments. Bui et al. hypothesized that a naturally occurring DNA...

An elevated mutation rate can provide cells with a source of mutations to adapt to changing environments. We identified a negative epistatic interaction involving naturally occurring variants in the MLH1 and PMS1 mismatch repair (MMR) genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We hypothesized that this MMR incompatibility, created through mating between divergent S. cerevisiae, yields mutator progeny that can rapidly but transiently adapt to an environmental stress. Here we analyzed the MLH1 and PMS1 genes across 1010 S. cerevisiae natural isolates spanning a wide range of ecological sources (tree exudates, Drosophila, fruits, and various fermentation and clinical isolates) and geographical sources (Europe, America, Africa, and Asia). We identified one homozygous clinical isolate and 18 heterozygous isolates containing the incompatible MMR genotype. The MLH1–PMS1 gene combination isolated from the homozygous clinical isolate conferred a mutator phenotype when expressed in the S288c laboratory background. Using a novel reporter to measure mutation rates, we showed that the overall mutation rate in the homozygous incompatible background was similar to that seen in compatible strains, indicating the presence of suppressor mutations in the clinical isolate that lowered its mutation rate. This observation and the identification of 18 heterozygous isolates, which can lead to MMR incompatible genotypes in the offspring, are consistent with an elevated mutation rate rapidly but transiently facilitating adaptation. To avoid long-term fitness costs, the incompatibility is apparently buffered by mating or by acquiring suppressors. These observations highlight effective strategies in eukaryotes to avoid long-term fitness costs associated with elevated mutation rates.
A Clinical Prediction Rule for Rebound Hyperbilirubinemia Following Inpatient Phototherapy
Authors: Chang Pearl W. , Kuzniewicz Michael W. , McCulloch Charles E. , Newman Thomas B.
Published: February 2017

OBJECTIVES:

The American Academy of Pediatrics provides little guidance on when to discontinue phototherapy in newborns treated for hyperbilirubinemia. We sought to develop a prediction rule to estimate the probability of rebound hyperbilirubinemia after inpatient phototherapy.

METHODS:

Subjects for this retrospective cohort study were infants born in 2012 to 2014 at ≥35 weeks’ gestation at 16 Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospitals who received inpatient phototherapy before age 14 days. We defined rebound as the return of total serum bilirubin (TSB) to phototherapy threshold within 72 hours of phototherapy termination. We used stepwise logistic regression to select predictors of rebound hyperbilirubinemia and devised and validated a prediction score by using split sample validation.

RESULTS:

Of the 7048 infants treated with inpatient phototherapy, 4.6% had rebound hyperbilirubinemia. Our prediction score consisted of 3 variables: gestational age <38 weeks (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.0–7.3), younger age at phototherapy initiation (aOR 0.51 per day; 95% CI, 0.38–0.68), and TSB relative to the treatment threshold at phototherapy termination (aOR 1.5 per mg/dL; 95% CI, 1.4–1.7). The model performed well with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86–0.91) in the derivation data set and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.86–0.90) in the validation data set. Approximately 70% of infants had scores <20, which correspond to a <4% probability of rebound hyperbilirubinemia.

CONCLUSIONS:

The risk of rebound hyperbilirubinemia can be quantified according to an infant’s gestational age, age at phototherapy initiation, and TSB relative to the treatment threshold at phototherapy termination.
A criminalização da pobreza na América Latina como estratégia de controle político
Authors: Oliveira Lucas Lopes
Published: February 2017

O presente artigo aborda os mecanismos penais de controle social na América Latina, tentando identificar os excessos autoritários, utilizados como ferramenta de criminalização da pobreza e de grupos vulneráveis, sempre presente na história do nosso continente. Tais excessos do sistema de controle social latino-americano, que segundo Zaffaroni tem como modelo o projeto de controle lombrosiano, se devem muito às condições políticas e sociais características de nossa região, que instalaram um controle social racista e classista e que diferem da lógica do controle nos países centrais. Trata-se assim de estudar a constante criminalização, marginalização e repressão das classes populares, através do sistema de repressão político-criminal que afeta principalmente grupos vulneráveis e manifestações políticas de empoderamento popular. Assim, fazemos um resgate histórico bibliográfico, dos levantes populares, passando pela criminalização das maltas de capoeiras e pela repressão política, até finalmente desaguar no sistema proibicionista de guerra às drogas, que por sua estrutura se tornou um importante mecanismo de criminalização, violação aos direitos humanos, encarceramento e extermínio da juventude pobre latino-americana.
Estado de exceção e criminalização da política pelo mass media
Authors: Santos Rogerio Dultra dos
Published: February 2017

Este artigo analisa o processo recente de criminalização da política no Brasil e está dividido em três partes. Em primeiro lugar, examinam-se as origens e o sentido do conceito de estado de exceção, explicitando-se a sua gênese autoritária e ditatorial. Em segundo, estuda-se a ascensão e a relegitimação do retribucionismo como fundamento do poder punitivo. Argumenta-se que o sistema repressivo opera em sintonia com interesses reforçados pelos meios de comunicação de massa, o que é denominado de populismo penal. Por fim, avalia-se o fenômeno da criminalização através da relação do Poder Judiciário com os meios de comunicação de massa. Entende-se que neste processo o discurso jurídico se subordina aos critérios do mercado e dos mass media, reproduzindo a lógica do estado de exceção. Conclui-se que esta relação deslocou o poder de dizer o direito e de representar a legitimidade das decisões judiciais do foro para os veículos de comunicação.
New record of Insuetophrynus acarpicus Barrio, 1970 (Anura: Rhinodermatidae) in Chile: implications for its conservation
Authors: Segura Silva Bernardo
Published: February 2017

A new record of the Critically frog Insuetophrynus acarpicus was discovered in Chile from a site lying 66 km southwest from the southernmost locality reported for the species. This new population is the first occurrence of the species in a protected area, and considerably extends the geographical and altitudinal range of I. acarpicus, one of the most endangered frogs in the world.
As leituras de textos de divulgação científica feitas por licenciandas no estágio supervisionado em física
Authors: Correia Daniele , Sauerwein Inés Prieto Schmidt
Published: February 2017

Neste artigo, são analisadas as leituras de Textos de Divulgação Científica (TDC) feitas por licenciandas nas disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado em Ensino de Física II e III. Os registros orais e escritos produzidos durante as atividades com TDC associados às estratégias de leitura, foram analisados à luz dos referenciais teóricos da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa e da área de Educação em Ciências. Constatou-se que, nos estágios de regência, foram valorizadas as leituras polissêmicas, sendo o texto-pretexto o modo de leitura exercitado nas aulas e o discurso apropriado pelas licenciandas tendeu ao polêmico. Além disso, nas pré-regências, a função atribuída aos TDC se restringiu ao uso do texto para ensinar Física. Nas regências, as atividades com TDC tiveram as funções de promover o desenvolvimento de habilidades relacionadas às expressões oral e escrita dos alunos, à articulação entre o conteúdo de Física e o cotidiano do aluno e despertar atitudes nos alunos. Por fim, infere-se que a proposta do uso de TDC, associado a estratégias de leitura em aulas de Física, é um caminho possível para a valorização das leituras polissêmicas, além de favorecer a formação dos sujeitos-leitores no contexto da formação inicial de professores e na escola.
Compressibility and stress history of very soft organic clays
Authors: Baroni Magnos , Almeida Marcio de Souza S.
Published: February 2017

The compression index, swelling index and preconsolidation stress values are essential for reliable settlement calculations. However, it is a challenge to obtain representative parameters for very soft, organic, high-plasticity clays, which are often found in the Jacarepaguá Lowlands, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In recent decades, several geotechnical correlations have been proposed for estimating the parameters to check oedometer test data. The compression index can be estimated based on simple laboratory index tests and the preconsolidation stress can be found by means of piezocone and vane tests. In this paper, data from 24 different investigation clusters located in the region are analysed. Undisturbed samples were collected from 20 different locations; 67 piezocone tests and 48 vane tests were carried out, which resulted in a comprehensive data bank. Then correlations were developed and compared with a number of equations to assess their reliability. Special emphasis was given to correlations between the compression index and soil water content, and also between the preconsolidation stress and the corrected cone resistance and shoulder pore pressure measured in the piezocone tests.
Book review
Authors: Thurlow Phil G.
Published: February 2017

Raw Concrete: The Beauty of Brutalism
METAMORFOSA PARADIGMA PERPUSTAKAAN; Dari not for profit sector menuju income generating unit dengan pemasaran perpustakaan
Authors: Arya Dian
Published: February 2017

AbstrakPerpustakaan sudah dikenal sebagai sebuah sebuah organisasi non profit yang menyediakan jasa penyediaan informasi tanpa mengharapkan imbalan. Paradigma tersebut seyogianya berubah, agar pendanaan dari lembaga penaung tidak lagi menjadi satu-satunya harapan untuk berkembang. Perpustakaan harus bermetamorfosa agar bisa membiayai dirinya sendiri, dan terus berkembang sesuai dengan tuntutan zaman. Hal ini tentunya dimungkinkan bila perpustakaan mau mengaplikasikan prinsip-prinsip marketing dalam proses dan sistem layanan. Kata Kunci: metamorfosa perpustakaan, paradigma perpustakaan, not for profit sector, income generating unit, pemasaran perpustakaan
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN PUSTAKA DAN INFORMASI
Authors: Rusmono Doddy , Santika Santi
Published: February 2017

AbstrakPerpustakaan sekolah merupakan Pemenuhan kebutuhan para siswa sebagai Pemustaka pada perpustakaan sekolah memerlukan kehandalan Pustakawan sebagai pengelola utama aset intelektual perpustakaan. Koleksi  yang berjumlah kurang dari 1000 judul dapat disiasati melalui kerjasama berjejaring antar perpustakaan sejenis. Idelanya, kedua sumber informasi berupa koleksi hard copy dan soft copy baik berupa buku maupun bukan-buku dapat dilayankan melalui system layanan perpustakaan hibrida. Kemasan demi kemasan informasi oleh Pustakawan sebaiknya dapat memberdayakan para siswa untuk memanfaatkan semaksimal mungkin kekayaan intelektual yang merupakan salah satu fasilitas sumber belajar. Tuga-tugas berupa PR - Pekerjaan Rumah (take-home assignment oleh Guru diberikan sedemikian rupa sehingga secara tidak langsung mengharuskan para siswa memanfaatkan fasilitas yang disediakan di perpustakaan: memillih sendiri bahan, mengolahnya, dan menyajikan hasil pemikirannya dalam bentuk tulisan yang berbobot. Khusus untuk koleksi soft copy, alat telusur elektronik sangat membantu  dan memperbaiki mutu perolehan bahan karena lebih mudah aksesnya, lebih akurat kontennya, dan biasanya lebih terkini dan lengkap. Sebagai intelektual muda yang merupakan harapan masa depan bangsa, para siswa perlu mendapat semacam Pendidikan Pemustaka agar pencarian berbagai sumber informasi menjadi lebih menyenangkan dan efektif.  Kata Kunci: bahan pustaka, sumber informasi
KETERSEDIAAN KOLEKSI TERCETAK DALAM MEMENUHI KEPUASAN PENGGUNA PADA PERPUSTAKAAN ITB
Authors: Nabila Iis Naeni , Suhardini Dini
Published: February 2017

Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh koleksi tercetak yang merupakan salah satu modal bagi perpustakaan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna sehingga tercipta rasa puas. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana ketersediaan koleksi tercetak dalam memenuhi kepuasan pengguna pada Perpustakaan ITB? Tujuan penelitian untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang ketersediaan koleksi tercetak dalam memenuhi kepuasan pengguna pada Perpustakaan ITB, memperoleh gambaran tentang kelengkapan koleksi tercetak, kerelevanan koleksi tercetak dan kemutakhiran koleksi tercetak dalam memenuhi kepuasan pengguna pada  Perpustakaan ITB. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 24.240 pengguna pada bulan februari 2013 dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa ketersediaan koleksi tercetak telah memenuhi kepuasan pengguna, koleksi tercetak yang tersedia di perpustakaan ITB lengkap, relevan dan mutakhir sehingga pengguna merasa puas. Implikasi dari penelitian bahwa untuk mengoptimalkan ketersediaan koleksi tercetak Perpustakaan ITB harus selalu berorientasi kepada kebutuhan pengguna.
PEMANFAATAN INTERNET PADA PERPUSTAKAAN DAERAH
Authors: Wijaya Andy , Riyana Cepi
Published: February 2017

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemajuan teknologi internet yang telah merambah ke segala segi kehidupan dari bidang ekonomi, bisnis, hiburan, budaya dan pendidikan, sampai dengan layanan perpustakaan. Khusus pemanfaatan internet di Perpustakaan Daerah Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pemustaka yang menggunakan media internet pada Perpustakaan Daerah Kabupaten Karawang yang berjumlah 40 orang. Teknik sampling digunakan untuk menjaring data dari responden. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara langsung dimana peneliti melakukan pengamatan secara langsung ke lokasi yang menjadi situs penelitian. Teknik langsung ini didukung oleh penyebaran angket kepada sejumlah responden penelitian yang juga menggunakan teknik wawancara dan observasi. Dalam menganalisis data digunakan tabel untuk mencari nilai rerata dari mean untuk setiap jenis data tersebut untuk memperoleh simpulan. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa: pertama, pemustaka yang memanfaatkan internet pada Perpustakaan Daerah Kabupaten Karawang sering menggunakan cara searching dalam mencari informasi yang dibutuhkan. kedua, pemustaka yang memanfaatkan internet pada Perpustakaan Daerah Kabupaten Karawang dominan memanfaatkan fasilitas web. ketiga, pemustaka yang memanfaatkan internet jarang melakukan download informasi yang berada di internet pada Perpustakaan Daerah Kabupaten Karawang. Hasil penelitian menujukkan perlunya upaya berkelanjutan dari Perpustakaan Daerah Kabupaten Karawang untuk memperbaiki tingkat kekerapan kunjungan dan pemanfaatan internet secara maksimal.
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PERPUSTAKAAN SEKOLAH
Authors: Nurhalisma Lisna , Silvana Hana
Published: February 2017

AbstractA principal is the highest leader in school. The operation of school library is not separated from the principal leadership. This study aimed to investigate the principal leadership of SMAN 10. The principal management was measured by the leading indicators which include decision-making, communicating, motivating, selecting people and developing people with the use of management theory of Lewis A. Allen. The organization of school library was measured through the indicators of service, collections, and budget. The population of this study was students of SMAN 10 Bandung, with a sample of 95 people. This study used descriptive method with quantitative approach. The data was collected using closed questionnaire and interview. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that principal leadership make a positive contribution to the school organization. Broadly speaking, the principal management of SMAN 10 Bandung is in good category. The test results of principal management in school library organization show that the leading indicators are in the moderate category.Keywords: leadership, school library, principal managementAbstrakKepala Sekolah adalah pimpinan tertinggi yang berada di sekolah.  Penyelenggaraan perpustakaan sekolah tidak terlepas dari kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah di SMAN 10 Bandung. Manajemen kepala sekolah diukur melalui indikator leading yang terdiri dari pengambilan keputusan, pengkomunikasian, pemberian motivasi, penyeleksian orang-orang dan pengembangan orang-orang dengan menggunakan teori manajemen dari Lewis A.Allen. Penyelenggaraan perpustaka sekolah diukur melalui indikator layanan, koleksi dan anggaran. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMAN 10 Bandung, dengan sampel 95 orang. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan   data menggunakan angket  tertutup dan  wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diketahui kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah memberikan  kontribusi positif pada penyelenggaraan Sekolah. Secara garis besar manajemen Kepala Sekolah SMAN 10 Bandung termasuk dalam kategori baik. Hasil pengujian terhadap manajemen Kepalab Sekolah terhadap penyelenggaraan Perpustakaan Sekolah menunjukkan indikator leading berada dalam kategori sedang.Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan, Perpustakaan Sekolah, manajemen kepala sekolah
STRATEGI PEMBERIAN REWARD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT KUNJUNG MAHASISWA DI PERPUSTAKAAN POLITEKNIK NEGERI SEMARANG
Authors: Suharso Putut , Setyowulandari Yulika
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTIn the freedom of information age, the openness and easiness of information access is important. The provision of data and information has become crucial for many people. The diversity of the information needs drive many information provider institutions work hard to fulfill those needs. However, neither institution can provide complex information needs or information sources perfectly. Thus, those information institutions should have a good solution in order to provide information for all users with different requirement. One of the actions is by building network or cooperation between information provider institutions. The research objective are, first to investigate the Indonesia – Malaysia digital library networks; secondly, to find out the drivers and obstacles of the networks. The research method is by web observation and literature study. The research output is a recommendation for the improvement of the Indonesia - Malaysia digital library networks and cooperation. Keywords: library cooperation, library networking, Indonesia-Malaysia library ABSTRAKDalam era keterbukaan saat ini, penyajian data dan informasi sangat diperlukan untuk memberikan akses informasi seluas-luasnya kepada masyarakat. Keberagaman kebutuhan informasi, keterbatasan sumber daya informasi dan perubahan prilaku pengguna informasi menjadikan tidak satupun lembaga informasi yang dapat memenuhi semua kebutuhan penggunanya  tersebut. Sehingga untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan memberikan layanan yang optimal kepada pengguna maka diperlukan adanya kerjasama dan jaringan antar lembaga informasi. Salah satu lembaga informasi adalah perpustakaan yang akan di jadikan objek dalam makalah ini. Sosialisasi dan pertukaran informasi dilakukan berbagai lembaga baik di dalam maupun di luar negeri. Seperti yang telah dilakukan oleh Kementrian Ristek Republik Indonesia dengan Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) Malaysia. Makalah ini akan membahas tentang jaringan informasi dan kerjasama perpustakaan digital antara Indonesia dan Malaysia, bentuk bentuk kerjasama yang ada dan faktor penunjang serta penghambat kerjasama tersebut. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan studi pustaka baik tercetak maupun online. Hasil dari makalah ini adalah meyediakan data dan informasi tentang jaringan informasi dan kerjasama perpustakaan antara Indonesia dan Malaysia yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan rekomendasi baik untuk perpustakaan di Indonesia maupun di Malaysia dalam hal kerjasama.Kata kunci: kerjasama perpustakaan, jaringan perpustakaan, Perpustakaan Indonesia-Malaysia
PERAN PENTING FRIENDS of LIBRARY DIDALAM MEMELIHARA KEBERLANGSUNGAN FUNGSI PERPUSTAKAAN
Authors: Rosinar Euis
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTLibrary needs friends. Friends, who are in the library and do something for it, are called friends of library. Friends of library are a non-profit organization consisting a group of people who are very concerned about the library. Friends of library raise money legally through varieties of activities to support unfunded library’s programs and do advocacy. The fundamental structures must be clearly stated to successfully manage the organization. Addressing the structures well will maintain the organization as it is expected in the long run. Keywords: friends of library, advantages of friends of library, disadvantages of friends of library, fundamental structures                                                                               ABSTRAKPerpustakaan memerlukan sahabat.  Sahabat yang berada dan berjuang untuk perpustakaan disebut sahabat perpustakaan (Friends of Library). Sahabat perpustakaan merupakan organisasi nirlaba yang dibentuk karena kepedulian sekelompok orang terhadap keberlangsungan fungsi perpustakaan. Mereka menggalang dana secara  sah dan legal melalui berbagai cara yang dilakukan untuk membantu perpustakaan dalam berbagai kegiatan dan advokasi. Aturan dan tata tertib perlu dibuat agar tidak timbul masalah antara anggota sahabat perpustakaan dan staf perpustakaan dan kelompok sahabat perpustakaan tetap berada pada jalurnya untuk bekerja dengan baik. Kata kunci: sahabat perpustakaan, masalah sahabat perpustakaan, langkah-langkah membentuk sahabat perpustakaan, keuntungan sahabat perpustakaan.
KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI DI PERPUSTAKAAN BAPUSIPDA JAWA BARAT
Authors: Gumilar Widy , Cythia Riche , Silvana Hana
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT This subject is examined in the study is whether the Organization's communication about to the performance of librarian at BAPUSIPDA in West Java. The purpose of this research is to determine (1) the Organization about the power performance communication library in BAPUSIPDA, West Java, (2) the communication line to the bottom about the performance of librarian in BAPUSIPDA, West Java, (3) the communication line to the top about the performance of librarian at BAPUSIPDA in West Java. The population in the study was BAPUSIPDA in West Java libraries powered by the sample as many as 56 people. Research methods using descriptive method quantitative approach. The results showed Organizational communication in West Java BAPUSIPDA categorized good. Organizational communication in West Java BAPUSIPDA categorized effectively, however we recommend that the library can create a more effective organization communications so that the performance of the library has increased horsepower.Keywords: Organizational Communication, Librarian, Performance  ABSTRAK Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk mengupas komunikasi organisasi yang ada di Badan Perpustakaan dan Arsip Daerah (BAPUSIPDA) Jawa Barat. Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui (1) komunikasi organisasi dilihat dari kinerja tenaga perpustakaan di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat, (2) alur komunikasi ke bawah dilihat dari kinerja tenaga perpustakaan di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat, (3) alur komunikasi ke atas dilihat dari kinerja tenaga perpustakaan di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah tenaga perpustakaan BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat dengan sampel sebanyak 56 orang. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Komunikasi organisasi di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat, berlangsung secara baik.Komunikasi organisasi di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat dikategorikan efektif, namun sebaiknya perpustakaan dapat menciptakan komunikasi organisasi yang lebih efektif agar kinerja tenaga perpustakaan semakin meningkat.Kata Kunci: Komunikasi Organisasi, Tenaga Perpustakaan, Kinerja
EVALUASI PENGGUNA PADA PERPUSTAKAAN DIGITAL UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA (UNAIR)
Authors: Srirahayu Dyah Puspitasari , Anna Nove Variant , Irfana Ma'isyatus Su'adaa
Published: February 2017

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi website perpustakaan digital UNAIR yang beralamat di www.lib.unair.ac.id melalui user evaluation teknik. Adapun komponen dari digital library UNAIR yang akan di evaluasi dengan menggunakan teori usefulnees digital library yang terdiri dari enam dimensi yakni format penyajian informasi, coverage (cakupan) informasi, relevance (kesesuain informasi yang disajikan), reliable (bisa dipertanggungjawabkan), dan level (tingkat aksesibilitas informasi). Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel sebanyak 50 responden, dengan teknik purposive sampling, dengan kriteria sebagai berikut: (1) civitas akademia UNAIR, (2) pernah mengakses digital library website minimal 1 kali dalam sebulan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa usefullness dari website perpustakaan UNAIR (lib.unair.ac.id) termasuk dalam kategori TINGGI dengan nilai 99.9 dan yang paling tinggi nilainya adalah format (misalnya .pdf, .jpg lain .doc)  dengan point 89.5 dan yang paling rendah adalah cakupan (yaitu ketepatan waktu dalam hal up- Kata Kunci: Evaluasi Pengguna, Perpustakaan Digital Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate the digital library website of Airlangga University (www.lib.unair.ac.id) through user evaluation technique. The components of the digital library that will be evaluated using usefulness digital library theory consisted of six dimensions namely information presentation format, information coverage, information relevance, information reliability, and information accessibility level. This study used a sample of 50 respondents selected by purposive sampling technique and with the following criteria: (1) Academic community of UNAIR, (2) Have accessed digital library website at least once a month. The results of the study suggested that the usefulness of UNAIR library website is considered in HIGH category with the score of 99.9. The highest score is for the format (e.g. pdf, jpg, doc) with 89.5 points and the lowest is the coverage (i.e. punctuality in terms of updating or diachronic completeness) with 109.6 Keywords: User Evaluation, Digital Library
BUKU TEKS PELAJARAN SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR SISWA DI PERPUSTAKAAN SEKOLAH DI SMAN 3 BANDUNG
Authors: Rahmawati Gustini
Published: February 2017

Abstrak. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini ialah untuk menemukan bukti empirik mengenai penilaian siswa tentang kualitas buku teks pelajaran di Perpustakaan SMA Negeri 3 Bandung. Secara khusus penelitan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis penilaian siswa pada aspek (1) Materi; (2) penyajian materi; dan (3) kebahasaan buku teks pelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara penyebaran angket. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 66 siswa. Pengolahan data menggunakan bantuan IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Data disajikan dengan menggunakan rating scale. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa: 1) penilaian siswa tentang kualitas buku teks pelajaran berada pada kategori baik; 2) penilaian siswa pada aspek materi buku teks pelajaran berada pada kategori baik; 3) penilaian siswa pada aspek penyajian materi buku teks pelajaran berada pada kategori baik; 4) penilaian siswa pada aspek kebahasaan buku teks pelajaran berada pada kategori cukup baik. Guru Mata Pelajaran dan pengelola perpustakaan sekolah harus mampu bekerjasama dalam mengembangkan kualitas buku teks pelajaran yang ada di perpustakaan sekolah agar dapat digunakan oleh siswa secara maksimal.Kata Kunci: Buku teks pelajaran, kualitas, perpustakaanAbstract. The objective of this research is to find empirical proof concerning the relationship between students assessment about text books quality with student motivation for learning. Particularly, the objective of this research are: Describing and analyzing students assessment on (1) Material; (2) Present material; (3) Language aspect of text books. The research method used is a descriptive research method and data collection technique by using spreading questionnaire. The sample covers 66 students. Data Processing used IBM SPSS Statistics 22. The data is processed by providing rating scale. Based on the result, we concluded that : 1) Students assessment about text books quality with good category; 2) Students assessment on material aspect of text books with good category;  3) Students assessment on present the material aspect of text books with good category; 4) Students assessment on language aspect of text books with student motivation for learning with enough category. The teachers and school librarians should have good collaboration for developing the quality of text books at school library so that student can use it maximally.Keywords: Textbook, quality, library
The Relationship between The Promotion of Library Service and Increased Student Visits to School Library
Authors: Margana Hada Hidayat , Amir Irvan
Published: February 2017

Abstract. This research is a descriptive study that aims to describe the relationship promotion of library services in improving student visits. Promotion of library services is one of the programs of work done by librarians in attracting the visitors to come to the library. This research was conducted at the National High School Library 6 Bandung, which is located at Pasirkaliki Street No. 51 Bandung. This study used a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. Sample study amounted to 87 people who were determined by the formula Yamane and sampling technique used is simple random sampling. In general, the results showed that the relationship promotion of services in a very significant increase student visits. Meanwhile, in particular, the results showed that (1) Performance in promoting library librarians are very influential in improving student visits to the library. (2) Means promotion effect in improving students' visits to the library. It can be concluded that the promotion of library services can increase student visits to the library. Key word : Promotion of Library Services, School Library, Student Visits. Abstrak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan hubungan promosi layanan perpustakaan dalam meningkatkan kunjungan siswa. Promosi layanan perpustakaan merupakan salah satu program kerja yang dilakukan oleh pustakawan dalam memikat pemustaka untuk datang ke perpustakaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Perpustakaan Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 6 Bandung, yang berlokasi di Jalan Pasirkaliki No. 51 Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sample penelitian berjumlah 87 orang yang ditentukan dengan rumus yamane dan teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling. Secara umum, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan promosi layanan dalam meningkatkan kunjungan siswa sangat signifikan. Sedangkan secara khusus, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Kinerja pustakawan dalam mempromosikan perpustakaan meningkatkan kunjungan siswa ke perpustakaan. (2) Sarana promosi meningkatkan kunjungan siswa ke perpustakaan. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa promosi layanan perpustakaan dapat meningkatkan kunjungan siswa ke perpustakaan. Kata Kunci:  Promosi Layanan Perpustakaan, Perpustakaan Sekolah, Kunjungan Siswa.
Ética en el trabajo de campo: Una reflexión desde la experiencia etnográfica
Authors: Sy Anahi
Published: February 2017

Este trabajo reflexiona en torno a las relaciones que establecemos con “los otros” en el trabajo de campo y la producción de conocimiento en dicho contexto. A partir de la relectura de los cuadernos de campo provenientes del trabajo etnográfico de la autora en dos espacios diferentes, se presenta dos situaciones para indagar en la dimensión ética que los atraviesa y visibilizar lo no dicho en los manuales y textos de metodología en Ciencias Sociales, menos aún en los propios escritos de quienes realizan trabajo de campo. De este modo, se busca reflexionar no solo acerca del trabajo de campo etnográfico, sino también sobre cualquier trabajo que implique un vínculo con unos “otros” más o menos próximos a “nosotros”.
El megaproyecto hidroeléctrico de belo monte en Brasil: impactos múltiples
Authors: Uharte Pozas Luis Miguel
Published: February 2017

El presente trabajo pretende realizar un análisis crítico del megaproyecto hidroeléctrico Belo Monte, que se está construyendo en plena selva amazónica (Brasil), por parte del consorcio Norte Energia. El objetivo fundamental es identificar los principales impactos que la construcción de la tercera presa más grande del mundo está generando y que son de orden diverso: económicos, políticos, ambientales, sociales, culturales… La base de la investigación ha sido el trabajo de campo en el que se han realizado una serie de entrevistas a diversas personas referenciales de diferentes ámbitos (político, movimientos sociales, académico, sindical, etc.), durante nuestra estancia a lo largo del mes de marzo y abril de 2012.
Construyendo los roles parentales en el seno de las dinámicas asistenciales institucionales
Authors: Hernández Garre José Manuel , Echevarría Pérez Paloma , Gomariz Sandoval María José
Published: February 2017

El primer contacto con el rol parental tiene lugar tras el parto, proceso que en las sociedades industriales se instituye en el marco de una serie de dinámicas clínicas productivistas características de los habitáculos hospitalarios contemporáneos. En este «habitus» se van conformando las primeras atribuciones ligadas a los roles paternales, dibujadas sobre el fondo de una serie de claro-oscuros surgidos tras los duros rituales iniciáticos propios de los paritorios «cosmopolitas». Se trata de una construcción cultural de los roles parentales, que se ha querido etnografíar en el presente artículo desde la óptica de los propios padres. Para ello se ha realizado un análisis del discurso «emic» que, partiendo de un posicionamiento teórico postmoderno, reflexiona sobre el alcance de las dinámicas clínicas hegemónicas y su implicación en las experiencias ligadas a la maternidad/paternidad.
La importancia de tener nombre: Identidad y derechos territoriales para las comunas de Santa Elena, Ecuador
Authors: Álvarez Litben Silvia Graciela
Published: February 2017

A los habitantes de la costa ecuatoriana se los denomina “cholos” asimilándolos a gente mestiza y sin identidad étnica. Detrás del nombre se esconde la intención de despojarlos de  los territorios que gestionan sus organizaciones comunales. Desde la conquista al estado-nación moderno los nativos necesitaron de una etiqueta que los legitimara frente al grupo que imponía las reglas para anularlos.  En el actual escenario la construcción de identidades está enmarcada en procesos de globalización, y en los cambios de la Constitución del 2008 que promete alcanzar el Buen Vivir en términos de igualdad y reconocimiento. Pero el Buen Vivir entendido desde la cosmología nativa tropieza con los planes de crecimiento del mercado. Su estilo cultural sigue sin encajar en la etnicidad imaginada oficialmente mientras se incrementa el despojo de sus recursos. Los nativos debaten actualizar sus señas de identidad con un nombre que les otorgue reconocimiento como “pueblos ancestrales”.
¿Por qué las venus del paleolítico eran obesas?
Authors: Retana-Salazar Axel
Published: February 2017

El abordaje de la obesidad desde una perspectiva antropológica obliga a considerarla desde una posición evolutiva de la especie como desde la perspectiva cultural. Esto implica una complejidad en el estudio de esta característica de la población. Se ha planteado que de los dos tipos de obesidad prevalecientes en la población humana la obesidad de las caderas es menos perjudicial que la abdominal. La obesidad de las caderas es más común en las mujeres y la obesidad abdominal es más frecuente en los hombres. Se ha especulado que la obesidad de las mujeres que se centra más en las caderas y en depósitos subcutáneos puede haber tenido factor de selección positiva en el pasado evolutivo de la especie, mientras que la obesidad abdominal no era tan apropiada y que no había selección positiva sobre ella. Esto podría no ser tan cierto si se estima que los machos con mayor masa corporal podrían defender mejores territorios lo que les daba ventaja reproductiva. La obesidad es un problema complejo y debe abordarse desde diferentes ópticas. En este trabajo se analiza la presencia de obesidad en las estatuillas femeninas del Paleolítico, se analiza la posibilidad de que esta característica en este periodo de la prehistoria humana tuviera factores biológicos y sociales de interés para la población. Es posible que algunos de esos factores aún se reflejen en las poblaciones humanas actuales.
Prácticas descoloniales de las mujeres en el caribe Viequense, Puerto Rico: estudio de etnografía audiovisual
Authors: Irizarry Cruz Dora María
Published: February 2017

El presente artículo trata sobre una experiencia etnográfica en la isla de Vieques (Puerto Rico). Se utilizaron las técnicas que emanan de la antropología visual con el objetivo de estudiar la relación de las actoras sociales con el medio ambiente en el que viven y las prácticas descoloniales que reproducen la vida social y comunitaria en la isla de Vieques. A través de la cámara se filmó a 34 mujeres viequenses y una decena de actividades políticas, sociales y culturales, desde una perspectiva descolonial. En el transcurrir de la etnografía se fueron desvelando los propios velos y sesgos de la investigadora en un encuentro con la historia y un choque de miradas fronterizas.  ¿Qué actoras sociales  participarán de la etnografía? ¿Qué son las prácticas descoloniales? ¿Es posible representar una práctica descolonial a través de la imagen en movimiento? ¿Cómo se auto-representarán las actoras sociales frente a la cámara de video? ¿Cómo comparan las representaciones que las actoras sociales hacen de sí mismas con las que queden plasmadas en el documental etnográfico?
Aproximación al paisaje desde una nueva propuesta: self territory 174, técnica etnográfica aplicada a la interacción paisaje-sujeto y experiencia de salud
Authors: Gaona Pisonero Carmen
Published: February 2017

Desde nuestro planteamiento reflexivo en el Paisaje se encuentra una  proyectabilidad sígnica propiciadora de que nuestras subjetividades puedan seguir cohabitando desde la normalización y la resistencia junto a dialécticas constantes y creativas. Dicha perspectiva será desarrollada en los párrafos siguientes, tras una primera demarcación conceptual del Paisaje desde la que conectaremos dicha proyectabilidad. En una segunda parte del texto, se presenta una nueva herramienta etnográfica para captar y entender la proyectabilidad sígnica del paisaje en comunidades interpretativas locales. En concreto se ha elaborado una nueva técnica etnográfica para entender cómo gestiona, experimenta y reproduce un grupo territorial-cultural su salud desde la interacción Paisaje/subjetividades, mediante la DST: Diagnosis Self Territory.