bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hemangioma lobular capilar lingual. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Astudillo Ramírez Mónica , Soto Galaz Rubén , Pia Cittadini Carla , Bravo Ahumada Rodrigo , Mardones Muñoz Marcelo
Published: July 2021

El hemangioma lobular capilar es una hiperplasia inflamatoria en respuesta a una irritación crónica, la cual da lugar a una lesión exofítica eritematosa debido a la proliferación de tejido fibrovascular. En la boca puede verse en cualquier ubicación, pero es más frecuente en la zona gingival.  Se reporta el caso clínico de una paciente embarazada de 38 años que consultó al equipo de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital San José al presentar una lesión tumoral compatible con hemangioma lobular capilar en cara lingual lateral derecha, diagnóstico confirmado con histopatología. El objetivo de este reporte es especificar características y tratamiento de dicha lesión con localización infrecuente.
Revisión de los aspectos éticos y criterios de bioseguridad en odontología en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Alanya-Ricalde José Antonio , Llanos-Carazas Monica Yizely , Acurio-Medina Sheila
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo es una recopilación de información de bases de datos Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar y SciELO. El objetivo fue recopilar recomendaciones de bioseguridad planteadas a nivel nacional e internacional, resaltando el uso del consentimiento informado en la práctica odontológica en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19 y realizar un análisis de los aspectos éticos que involucra la práctica profesional. Se incluyeron artículos de revisión sistemática, manuales, entrevistas, editoriales, páginas web y literatura gris, se discriminó la evidencia y refrendó la información con artículos publicados en revistas indexadas, relacionando los aspectos éticos y deontológicos de la práctica odontológica y criterios de bioseguridad. Se concluye que es necesario el uso del consentimiento informado, por el alto riesgo de infección cruzada, así como el refuerzo de varios aspectos de bioseguridad como el uso adecuado del equipo de protección personal (EPP), en beneficio de los pacientes y del personal.
Auditoría de prevención tributaria e incidencia en el pago del impuesto general a las ventas en empresas de calzado
Authors: Castillo del Águila Greta Magaly
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Determinar en qué medida la aplicación de la auditoria de prevención tributaria incide en el pago del Impuesto General a las Ventas en empresas de calzado en Trujillo en el año 2017. Método: El tipo de investigación fue cuantitativa. Se trabajó con la información de tres empresas de calzado de la Asociación de Pequeños Industriales y Artesanos de Trujillo. Se aplicó la técnica de encuestas por cuestionario, análisis documental y entrevista a los contadores de cada empresa. Resultados: La auditoría de prevención tributaria en las empresas de calzado disminuyó en un 66,7% tanto en el incumplimiento tributario del Impuesto General a las Ventas; como en las fiscalizaciones de la Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y de Administración Tributaria del año 2017. Conclusión: La auditoría de prevención tributaria aplicada a empresas de calzado de Trujillo disminuyó de manera significativa el déficit de pago del Impuesto General a las Ventas del año 2017.
Precisiones en pasivos, provisiones y pasivos contingentes a partir de la teoría de probabilidades
Authors: Castañeda Moreano Rosa Milagros
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Describir los conceptos de pasivos, provisiones y pasivos contingentes a partir de aspectos relevantes de la Teoría de Probabilidades. Método: La investigación fue cualitativa, descriptiva, no experimental con el uso del método deductivo-inductivo, sobre la base del análisis de contenido de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) y la Teoría de Probabilidades. Resultados: Los resultados muestran discrepancias sobre los conceptos de pasivos, provisiones y pasivos contingentes, entre lo planteado por la NIC 37 y el Marco Conceptual para la Información Financiera, considerando además aspectos relevantes de la Teoría de Probabilidades. Conclusión: Existen divergencias conceptuales entre la NIC 37 y el Marco Conceptual para la Información Financiera respecto a la definición de pasivos, provisiones o pasivos contingentes, lo cual podría producir un impacto relevante en los estados financieros, así como su inadecuada interpretación.
Control de la Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas y administración tributaria en obras por impuestos, 2019
Authors: Ortiz Basauri Carmen Eufemia
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Contribuir al fortalecimiento del sistema de control de la administración tributaria SUNAT en los proyectos de inversión pública que se ejecutan en el Perú por el mecanismo de Obras por Impuestos. Método: La investigación fue de tipo cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivo y explicativo, no experimental, de diseño transversal y documental. La muestra estuvo constituida por 50 exfuncionarios de SUNAT a quienes se les aplicó, en noviembre de 2019, una encuesta de 16 ítems con respuesta valorativa de 5 alternativas. Resultados: Los resultados de la investigación muestran que el 80% de los encuestados están totalmente de acuerdo con la implementación del control preventivo, concurrente y posterior; el 20% se encuentra de acuerdo, y a 10% de ellos le es indiferente; ello responde a lo teóricamente esperado. Conclusión: La propuesta planteada explica, en un 80%, que la percepción de los 50 exfuncionarios de SUNAT acerca del fortalecimiento del sistema de control de SUNAT  con la implementación del control previo, concurrente y posterior; fortalecerá el mecanismo de Obras por Impuestos.
Influencia transversal de los commodities mineros en la economía peruana bajo un enfoque global
Authors: Gomero Gonzales Nicko Alberto
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Analizar cómo la actividad minera tiene impactos transversales en la economía, incluido el financiero. Método: Descriptivo, correlacional-causal, utilizando para ello información histórica, recopilada de fuentes oficiales, como el Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (BCRP), Comisión Chilena del Cobre (Cochilco), Bolsa de Valores de Lima (BVL). Resultados: El estudio evidencia que la minería ejerce influencia en el crecimiento económico (PBI), en la fortaleza tributaria, específicamente a través del impuesto a la renta que pagan las empresas mineras, dinamiza y profundiza el mercado de capitales a través de la negociación de acciones y las cotizaciones de estos activos financieros en el mercado bursátil, cuya volatilidad depende del comportamiento del precio de los commodities mineros. Conclusión: La minería, a pesar de los pasivos ambientales que genera, tiene efectos directos y transversales en la economía coadyuvando al proceso de crecimiento sostenido, resultado que se va a traducir en generar fortalezas en los mercados globalizados.
Ocurrencia de Prostenorchis elegans en un mono tocón (Plecturocebus oenanthe) reinsertado en el bosque del Área de Cordillera Escalera, Región San Martin
Authors: López F. Alicia , Puicón N. Víctor , Fabián D. Fredy , Bustamante Q. Isaí , García R. Rodrigo , Vecco G. Daniel
Published: July 2021

Se reporta el caso de un mono tocón adulto, macho (Plecturocebus oenante) parasitado con Prosthenorchis elegans, fallecido a fines de diciembre de 2019, en un centro de custodia de fauna silvestre ubicado a orillas de la Quebrada Shilcayo, puerta de entrada del Área de Conservación Regional “Cordillera Escalera”, San Martín, Perú. El animal, en semi-cautividad, no presentó signos clínicos, pero se desplomó desde una altura de 5 m. A la necropsia, se evidenció exudado abdominal, perforación a nivel del intestino delgado, congestión de vasos sanguíneos y linfoadenopatía mesentérica, nodulaciones en pared intestinal y una severa infección de parásitos blanquecinos y redondos. Al examen coproparasitológico, se evidenciaron huevos característicos del género Prosthenorchis y al análisis del parásito adulto se observaron las ganchos craneales y estructuras características de la especie Prosthenorchis elegans, parásito encontrado en primates neotropicales. Se reporta este caso, no como un hallazgo accidental de necropsia, sino cuya causa de muerte fue a consecuencia de un shock séptico, consecuente de la peritonitis generalizada causado por una severa infección parasitaria de este acantocéfalo que generó una perforación a nivel intestinal.
La problemática de los canes vagabundos y los planes de control a nivel de gobiernos locales en Lima - Perú
Authors: Cáceda Sofía , León Daphne , Falcón Néstor
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la importancia de la presencia de canes vagabundos dada por los gobiernos locales de Lima Metropolitana e identificar los planes de control propuestos. El estudio descriptivo involucró a 32 de las 43 municipalidades de Lima Metropolitana que aceptaron participar. Se utilizó el modelo de encuesta realizado por la OIE respecto al control de la población de canes y canes vagabundos. El 90.6% (29) consideraba a los canes vagabundos como un problema en su distrito, siendo la reproducción no controlada el problema más grave. El 58.6% (17) indicó que la comuna no contaba con un plan que aborde la problemática, mientras que 31% (9) contaba con un plan y 10.4% (3) no lo tenía, pero realizaban actividades para enfrentarlo. Los métodos quirúrgicos (esterilizaciones y castraciones) fueron los más mencionados por las autoridades para tratar de controlar la población de canes vagabundos, mientras que la eutanasia solo fue mencionada para casos de enfermedad terminal o agresividad. El 59.4% (19) mencionó que la municipalidad no contaba con presupuesto destinado al área de salud pública veterinaria; asimismo, el presupuesto insuficiente o inexistente (82.1%) y la falta de infraestructura para el desarrollo de actividades (71.4%) fueron las principales limitantes del municipio para abordar la problemática de los canes vagabundos. La información obtenida puede servir para tomar consciencia sobre el impacto de los canes vagabundos en la salud pública y valorar la necesidad de elaborar planes de control que se ajusten a las necesidades y limitaciones de cada distrito.
Caracterización fenotípica y genotípica de Staphylococcus spp con resistencia a meticilina en pollos comerciales
Authors: Cotaquispe Rony , Sarmiento Ruth , Lovón Stephane , Rodriguez Jorge
Published: July 2021

El estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar Staphylococcus spp con fenotipos y genotipos de resistencia a meticilina, así como identificar variantes del polimorfismo del gen coa + en S. aureus. Se utilizaron 97 cepas de Staphylococcus spp aislados de pollos y se hicieron antibiogramas y pruebas de PCR multiplex, PCR convencional y secuenciamiento. Los resultados fenotípicos indican la presencia de resistencia a 2 SARM y 26 SCN resistentes a meticilina (cefoxitina) y 2 S. aureus y 67 SCN con presunta resistencia a meticilina (oxacilina) en las pruebas de antibiograma. Mediante PCR se identificó el gen mecA responsable de la resistencia a meticilina en 24 cepas: 2 SARM y 22 SCNRM y se identificaron cuatro genotipos de S. aureus con variantes del polimorfismo del gen coagulasa. Los resultados sugieren una actividad genética constante, la aparición de clones y la expresión de genes para la resistencia a los principales antibióticos que enfrentan Staphylococcus spp.
Throughput of the optical telescope for observing LEO objects
Authors:   Center of Special Information Receiving and Processing and Navigating Field Control, Zalistsi, Dunaivtsi District, Khmelnytsky Region, Ukraine, Kozhukhov О.М.
Published: July 2021

Observation of Low-Earth-Orbit space objects by optical sensors (telescopes) is a rather complex task that requires equipment with appropriate characteristics. Througput can be considered as one of the main characteristics of optical sensors for observing Low-Earth-Orbit space objects. An approach to the theoretical estimation of the optical telescope’s throughput when observing Low-Earth Orbit space objects is proposed in the paper. It is based on the representation of the telescope as a queuing system. The queuing system can be of various types depending on the observation methods that are used. The input flow in this queuing system is the flow of Low-Earth Orbit space objects’ passes through the viewing area of the telescope, and the output flow is the flow of observed passes. The average total time spent for observing one Low-Earth Orbit space object is taken as the average service time. Quantitative characteristics of these values can be obtained by simulating the Low-Earth Orbit space objects’ passes through the telescope's viewing area. The throughput of the queuing system was chosen as the main estimated characteristic. An example of evaluating the characteristics of such a queuing system is given. It is based on the “Sazhen-S” quantum optical station of the Centre for Special Data Reception and Processing and Navigating Field Control of the National Space Facilities Control and Test Center of State Space Agency of Ukraine. Possible ways of increasing the throughput of “Sazhen-S” quantum optical station according to the observation of Low-Earth Orbit space objects are proposed.
Method of constructing the primary error matrix of the RT-32 radio telescope in an automated mode
Authors:   National Center of Space Facilities Control and Test, Kyiv, Ukraine, Vlasenko V.P. , Mamarev V.M. ,   National Center of Space Facilities Control and Test, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ozhynsky V.V. ,   National Center of Space Facilities Control and Test, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ulyanov O.M. ,   Institute of Radio Astronomy of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Zakharenko V.V. ,   Institute of Radio Astronomy of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Palamar M.I. ,   Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University, Ternopil, Ukraine, Chaikovskyi A.V. ,   Ternopil Ivan Pului National Technical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
Published: July 2021

2020 was the year of introduction of the Ukrainian new generation radio telescope RT-32 into the experimental operation. The test results of maser hydrogen and hydroxyl lines obtained during the experimental operation confirmed the correctness of the calculations and technological solutions of Ukrainian scientists and manufacturers Consortium. One of the further development directions of RT-32 as a radio astronomical research tool is to increase the accuracy of pointing the radio telescope to radio astronomical sources. One of the further development directions of RT-32 as a radio astronomical research tool is to increase the accuracy of pointing the radio telescope to astronomical radio sources. The latter is to be achieved by automating the processes of guidance error matrices formation and their integration during the observations. The formation of such a matrix presupposes taking into account the structural features of the antenna system and weather condition. The paper presents the results of geodetic measurements of the antenna system surface on different elevation angle, construction of the 3D model of the reflector. The method of constructing the error matrix, which at this stage of research provides the necessary simplicity of perception and interpretation of the obtained results by the human operator, is proposed. The results of the developed method verification using reference radio sources are given and the error matrices of elevation and azimuth pointing (dimension 81x81 elements) obtained with the use of said method are presented. The introduction of the results presented in the article into the radio telescope control system allowed increasing the accuracy of RT-32 radio telescope pointing in the C- and K- bands to the value of ~36″. This work partially was supported by Latvian Council of Science project "Joint Latvian-Ukrainian study of peculiar radio galaxy “Perseus A” in radio and optical bands. Nr: lzp-2020/2-0121".
Rudolf Schlechter's South-American orchids IV. Schlechter's "network": Venezuela and Colombia
Authors: Ossenbach Carlos , Jenny Rudolf
Published: July 2021

The fourth chapter of the series about Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids again presents abridged biographical information about the botanists and orchid collectors that formed part of Schlechter’s South-American network and who traveled and worked in those countries on the continent’s northern and Caribbean coasts, through Venezuela and Colombia. In the case of Colombia, we cross the isthmus of Darien and arrive for the first time on the Pacific coast of South America. As in other chapters, brief geographical and historical introductory outlines are presented for each of these countries, followed by a narrative on those orchidologists who visited the area, chronologically by the dates of their botanical collections.

Keywords/Palabras clave: biography, biografía, history of botany, historia de la botánica, Orchidaceae

For accessing the high-resolution PDF, please follow this link: https://n9.cl/13ugw
Racionalidad capitalista y principio económico
Authors: Reuben Soto Sergio
Published: July 2021

En este artículo sometimos a escrutinio el concepto de “racionalidad” como ejercicio de la razón. Conforme avanzamos en la investigación quedó claro, que esa razón está fundada en un conjunto de valores y principios que le dan validez, como decisiones correctas, a nuestras acciones fundadas en esa razón. De esa manera, vimos la necesidad de distinguir entre razón instrumental y razón comunicativa como lo propone Habermas, para comprender que esa razón instrumental se valida con la pretensión de alcanzar el "principio económico".  Llegamos a la conclusión que esa razón instrumental está determinada por las condiciones históricas en que se encuentra la sociedad.  Así propusimos una razón instrumental capitalista o racionalidad capitalista como la razón que guía el conjunto de acciones económicas que se toman en el marco de una sociedad determinada por la acumulación de capital, con la pretensión de lograr el principio económico. De ahí lo que se hizo fue confrontar esa racionalidad con su capacidad de alcanzar el principio económico en las condiciones históricas de su desarrollo.
Reaction behaviour of peptide-based single thiol-thioesters exchange reaction substrate in the presence of externally added thiols
Authors: Folikumah Makafui Y. , Behl Marc , Lendlein Andreas
Published: July 2021

Identification of patterns in chemical reaction pathways aids in the effective design of molecules for specific applications. Here, we report on model reactions with a water-soluble single thiol-thioester exchange (TTE) reaction substrate, which was designed taking in view biological and medical applications. This substrate consists of the thio-depsipeptide, Ac-Pro-Leu-Gly-SLeu-Leu-Gly-NEtSH (TDP) and does not yield foul-smelling thiol exchange products when compared with aromatic thiol containing single TTE substrates. TDP generates an α,ω-dithiol crosslinker in situ in a ‘pseudo intramolecular’ TTE. Competitive intermolecular TTE of TDP with externally added “basic” thiols increased the crosslinker concentration whilst “acidic” thiols decreased its concentration. TDP could potentially enable in situ bioconjugation and crosslinking applications.

Graphic abstract

The competition between ‘pseudo intramolecular’ and intermolecular exchange of a peptide-based thiol-thioester exchange (TTE) substrate can be used to control the relative amount of final exchange products based on size and pKa values of externally added thiols. Potential application of this system can be seen in the development of TTE substrates for the rapid identification of thiols by dynamic combinatorial screening.
PUBLIC SPORT GOVERNANCE IN THEORY AND PRACTICE: MANAGING AND ORGANIZING PUBLIC SPORT SECTOR WITH A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BALTIC STATES AND SCOTLAND
Authors:   University of Latvia, Latvia, Rusmane Sabine
Published: July 2021

Contemporary public sport governance takes place in a very different context than that of past decades. The public sport governance is comprised of a variety of basic aspects that build its managerial basis - legislative base, funding allocation and long-term strategic development. The research problem presented is the seeming ambiguity of the variety of theoretical aspects of public sport governance that define the real-life practice of various public sport governance systems across countries. The aim of research was to examine and analyze the theoretical aspects of public sport governance and to determine the practical differences through the comparative analysis of the public sport governance systems of the Baltic States and Scotland. The research was conducted using monographic and content analysis method to research the variety of theoretical aspects, while the comparative analysis method was applied to compare the public sport governance cases of the chosen countries. The main results of the research present that the available theoretical aspects of public sport governance enable a practical research to be conducted on a wider and detailed scale. The results proved that even the slightest difference between countries within their legal framework could prove its intention in furthering sport sector’s promotion. A definition of the term “public sport governance” was developed and proposed. It could be used in further research of the conceptual and practical understanding within the public governance, policy, sport management, economics and sport law fields as crucial part of the overall public sport governance within the national, regional and international economic framework.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLITICAL RISK AND EMPLOYMENT IN TOURISM: A CASE OF SOUTH AFRICA
Authors:   North-West University, South Africa, Manaliyo Jean Claude
Published: July 2021

Political risk is one of the determinants of employment in the tourism industry. Changes in the level of political risk in a country result in fluctuations in employment in the tourism sector. Countries with a high level of political risk experience a decline in employment whereas countries with a low level of political risk experience an increase in employment. This paper investigates the impact of political risk on employment in South Africa’s tourism industry using quarterly time series data for the period between 2007 and 2017. The study employs the Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) model to determine the impact of political risk on employment in tourism in both the short- and long-run. The results from the analysis reveal that political risk has both short- and long-run effects on employment in South Africa’s tourism industry. When the level of political risk declines by 1%, employment grows by 5.016% in the long-run whereas employment increases by 1.51% in the short-run when the level of political risk declines by 1%. These results imply that governments have to keep the level of political risk low by avoiding political risk events and actions for the tourism industry to create additional employment opportunities.
Flatfoot and balance performance among junior secondary school students in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Adegoke Babatunde I. , Alumona Chiedozie J. , Adeyemo Adetayo A. , Adeyinka Adebayo O.
Published: July 2021

Adequate body balance is important in preventing falls and injuries in children during physically active play and sports at school. Thestructure of the foot is essential to the ability to balance, but findings from studies comparing balance of children with and without flatfoot have been equivocal. We investigated the prevalence of flatfoot among school children in Ibadan, Nigeria, and compared selected balance indices in participants with and without flatfoot. Participants in this cross-sectional study were 300 junior secondary school students (aged 10–14 years). The navicular drop test, single limb stance test and tandem walk test were used to assess the presence of flatfoot, and static balance and dynamic balance, respectively. Data were summarised using percentages, mean and SD and, analysed with independent t-tests and chi-squared tests. The prevalence of flatfoot was 39.7%, and while higher in boys (44.7%) than girls (34.9%), this was not significantly different. Participants with flatfoot had significantly poorer mean static balance measures than those who did not (right: 25.70 [SD 6.55] vs 27.89 [SD 4.92]; left: 26.21 [SD 6.01] vs 28.52 [SD 4.27]), but there was no significant difference in dynamic balance between the groups. When treating children with flatfoot, physiotherapists may consider measuring static balance and, where appropriate, incorporate balance activities as part of the overall management plan.
Steatohepatitis in Children with Obesity
Authors: Zvyagin Alexander A. , Fateeva Natalya Yu. , Chubarov Timofey V. , Zhdanova Olga A.
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the issues of steatohepatitis development, diagnosis, and management in children. Steatohepatitis is one of the forms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease diagnosed in 12–26% of children with obesity. The major pathogenetic factors are the following: oxidative stress, genetic predisposition, microbiota disorders, vitamin D deficiency. The information on the diagnostic algorithm is presented in accordance with the guidelines of the European and North American Societies of Pediatric Gastroenterologists, Hepatologists and Nutritionists. The characteristics of instrumental methods of steatohepatitis diagnostics (biopsy, ultrasound, magnetic resonance and computed tomography, elastography, biochemical tests) are given, as well as indications for their use in children are determined. The data on steatohepatitis management (including diet and physical activity) is presented. The use of hepatoprotective agents (ursodeoxycholic acid, essential phospholipids) and biologically active substances in children is discussed.
Manchester Triage System: assessment in an emergency hospital service
Authors: Jesus Ana Paula Santos de , Okuno Meiry Fernanda Pinto , Campanharo Cassia Regina Vancini , Lopes Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira , Batista Ruth Ester Assayag
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze demographic data, clinical profile and outcomes of patients in emergency services according to Manchester Triage System’s priority level. Methods: a cross-sectional, analytical study, carried out with 3,624 medical records. For statistical analysis, the Chi-Square Test was used. Results: white individuals were more advanced in age. In the red and white categories, there was a higher percentage of men when compared to women (p=0.0018) and higher prevalence of personal history. Yellow priority patients had higher percentage of pain (p<0.0001). Those in red category had a higher frequency of altered vital signs, external causes, and death outcome. There was a higher percentage of exams performed and hospitalization in the orange category. Blue priority patients had a higher percentage of non-specific complaints and dismissal after risk stratification. Conclusions: a higher percentage of altered vital signs, number of tests performed, hospitalization and death were evidenced in Manchester protocol’s high priority categories.
Identification of sources of resistance of Passiflora rootstocks to fusariosis in areas with disease outbreaks in Mato Grosso state, Brazil
Authors: Miguel-Wruck Dulândula Silva , Roncatto Givanildo , Behling Maurel , Faleiro Valeria de Oliveira , Bonaldo Solange Maria , Tardin Flávio Dessaune
Published: July 2021

Abstract The aim of the study was to identify sources of resistance of Passiflora rootstocks to Fusarium sp. in two experimental areas with histories of disease foci in Mato Grosso state, Brazil. The experiment was carried out from June 2012 to December 2015 and was of randomized block design with eight treatments in which susceptible cultivar P. edulis was grafted onto hybrids CPAC MJ-H-87, CPAC MJ-H-76, CPAC MJ-H-86 and CPAC MJ-H-88, the commercial cultivar and native P. edulis, P. nitida and P. alata. Mortality rates of grafted plants were evaluated up to 640 days after transplantation. All Fusarium sp. isolates were identified as F. oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae. Plant mortality occurred earlier in the clay area than in the area with sandy clay loam. Grafted plants involving P. edulis as rootstocks were highly susceptible to Fusarium sp. with overall mortality rates above 56.25% considering both soil types, while plants with CPAC MJ-H-76 or native P. nitida rootstocks were more resistant with mortality rates below 12.5%. Grafted plants with CPAC MJ-H-86 as rootstock were highly resistant in clay soil but highly susceptible in soil with high proportion of sand. Only grafted plants involving CPAC MJ-H-76 as rootstock showed moderate resistance.
Annual Rainfall in Pernambuco, Brazil: Regionalities, Regimes, and Time Trends
Authors: Bezerra Alan Cezar , Costa Sidney Anderson Teixeira da , Silva Jhon Lennon Bezerra da , Araújo Athos Murilo Queiroz , Moura Geber Barbosa de Albuquerque , Lopes Pabrício Marcos Oliveira , Nascimento Cristina Rodrigues
Published: July 2021

Abstract This study aimed to identify the homogeneous zones, the regimes, and the local trends for annual and seasonal rainfall in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. We collected seasonal and annual data on monthly rainfall from 45 weather stations in Pernambuco from 1987 to 2019. The data were organized yearly to identify the homogeneous rainfall zones based on Euclidean distance and Ward's coefficient. The mean annual value of each zone was calculated and the data were subjected to descriptive statistics analysis, analysis of rainfall regime with the Rain Anomaly Index, and time trend analysis using the Mann-Kendall method. The results show three homogeneous rainfall zones: 1 (semiarid), 2 (transition), and 3 (coastal), with mean values for annual rainfall of 562, 1032, and 1812 mm year-1, respectively. The precipitation regime showed the predominance of dry years as zones 1, 2, and 3 exhibited dry periods of 18, 17, and 15 years, respectively. Time trend analysis revealed a decrease in annual rainfall of 48.7 mm for Zone 1, 13.2 mm for Zone 2, and 204.4 mm for Zone 3, without statistical significance. Seasonal analysis demonstrated that Zone 1 presented a negative trend in the spring and a positive trend in Zone 2 in the summer, indicating changes in the rain seasonality.
Teorias evolucionistas da depressão: panorama e perspectivas
Authors: Tavares Andreza Conceição de Souza , Lima Rebeca Fernandes Ferreira , Tokumaru Rosana Suemi
Published: July 2021

Resumo A depressão tem alcançado níveis epidêmicos ao redor do mundo. Seria a depressão um distúrbio mental, como é consenso na saúde mental? Teóricos evolucionistas têm-se questionado quanto à função da depressão e proposto modelos específicos para explicá-la. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar teorias evolucionistas da depressão, discutir as relações de complementariedade e contraposição entre elas e as implicações sociais e práticas para o tratamento da depressão. Essas reflexões e questionamentos no domínio da saúde mental podem influenciar novos estudos a partir de uma perspectiva não patológica da depressão. No âmbito da psicologia essa perspectiva fornece subsídios para repensar a psicoterapia com o deprimido, enfocando a análise causal e a resolução de problemas. Sugere-se a realização de estudos empíricos com a finalidade de testar e sistematizar as teorias evolucionistas da depressão.
Construction and validation of a matrix for normative evaluation of the integrated health system of the borders
Authors: Fabriz Luciana Aparecida , Oliveira Valéria Conceição de , Zacharias Fabiana Costa Machado , Valente Silvia Helena , Ferro Denise , Pinto Ione Carvalho
Published: July 2021

Objective: to build and validate a matrix for normative evaluation of the Integrated Health System of Borders. Method: a methodological study, composed by the construction of an evaluation matrix elaborated in three stages: elaboration of the logical model, containing the triad of structure, process and result; definition of evaluative questions and appearance and content validation of the matrix. Appearance and content validation were performed simultaneously by seven judges. For data collection, an online questionnaire and the Delphi technique were used and, for analysis, the Content Validity Index and Content Validity Ratio. Results: the evaluation matrix containing 24 questions was submitted to two evaluations for its appearance and content validation. In the first, the overall mean Content Validity Index was 99.40% and the Content Validity Ratio was 0.90. In the second, the Content Validity Index was 100% and the Content Validity Ratio, 1.0; there were no new proposals and the matrix was made up of 24 questions. The matrix was considered intelligible in terms of appearance validation. Conclusion: the evaluation matrix of the Integrated Health System of the Borders is validated in terms of appearance and content for analyzing the performance of public actions and policies in border regions.
Psychometric properties of the adapted instrument European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire short-short form
Authors: Mialhe Fábio Luiz , Moraes Katarinne Lima , Bado Fernanda Maria Rovai , Brasil Virginia Visconde , Sampaio Helena Alves De Carvalho , Rebustini Flávio
Published: July 2021

Objective: to investigate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the health literacy questionnaire European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire short-short form (HLS-EU-Q6) in Brazilian adults. Method: the instrument was translated and pre-tested in a sample of 50 individuals. Subsequently, it was applied to a sample of 783 adult individuals. The data went through an appropriate process of testing the properties, with the combination of techniques of Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Item Response Theory. For the assessment of reliability, the Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega indicators were used. Cross-validation with full data analysis was applied. Results: the majority of the participants was female (68.1%), with a mean age of 38.6 (sd=14.5) years old and 33.5% studied up to elementary school. The results indicated a unidimensional model with an explained variance of 71.23%, adequate factor load levels, commonality and item discrimination, as well as stability and replicability of the instrument to other populations. Conclusion: the Brazilian version of HLS-EU-Q6 indicated that the instrument is suitable for indiscriminate application in the population to which it is intended to assess health literacy levels.
Characterization of a Coliphage AS1 isolated from sewage effluent in Pakistan
Authors: Ullah A. , Qamash T. , Khan F. A. , Sultan A. , Ahmad S. , Abbas M. , Khattak M. A. K. , Begum N. , Din S. U. , Jamil J. , Kalsoom
Published: July 2021

Abstract The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial strains, which are posing a global health threat has developed the interest of scientists to use bacteriophages instead of conventional antibiotics therapy. In light of an increased interest in the use of phage as a bacterial control agent, the study aimed to isolate and characterize lytic phages from sewage effluent. During the current study, bacteriophage AS1 was isolated from sewage effluent against E.coli S2. The lytic activity of phageAS1 was limited to E.coli S2 strain showing monovalent behavior. The calculated phage titer was 3.5×109 pfu/ml. PhageAS1 was stable at a wide range of pH and temperature. The maximum stability was recorded at 37ºC and pH 7.0, while showing its normal lytic activity at temperature 60ºC and from pH 5.0 to11.0 respectively. At temperature 70ºC, phage activity was somewhat reduced whereas, further increase in temperature and decrease or increase in pH completely inactivated the phage. From the current study, it was concluded that waste water is a best source for finding bacteriophages against multi-drug resistant bacterial strains and can be used as bacterial control agent.
Food habits of indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica) (Kerr 1792), in district Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir
Authors: Khan M. B. , Irshad N. , Ahmed B. , Khan M. R. , Minhas R. A. , Ali U. , Mahmood M. , Muhammad A. , Sheikh A. A. , Ashraf N.
Published: July 2021

Abstract The Indian Crested Porcupine (Hystrix indica) is classified as an agricultural pest species. It feeds on plants and crops; hence, it is responsible for massive financial losses worldwide. The current study was conducted to assess the diet composition of Indian Crested Porcupine in District Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K). Thus, fecal samples were collected and examined from different sampling sites. Reference slides of the material collected from the study area were prepared for identification of dietary components in fecal pellets. A total of 80 fecal samples were collected and processed. Percent relative frequencies (P.R.F.) were calculated for each plant species recovered from pellets. Data revealed that Indian Crested Porcupine consumed 31 plant species in its diet, among them Zea mays (34.31±7.76) was the most frequently selected species followed by Rumex obtusifolius (15.32±2.57) and Melia azedarach (12.83±4.79). The study revealed that the greatest diversity of (n=20) plant species were consumed in summer season while minimum (n=13) species were used during winter. Among the parts of plants, stem was highly consumed in spring (57.2%) as compared to seed in fall (36.7%) while spikes and leaf were the least recovered parts from the fecal matter. The Berger-Parker diversity index showed highly diversified food (10.92) in the summer time of the year as compared to the autumn season (2.95). This study provides a baseline for the diet preference of this pest in the study area. Based on current findings, a detailed investigation on damage assessment, exploration, habitat use and management of Indian Crested Porcupine in AJ&K has been recommended.
Era-like GTP protein gene expression in rice
Authors: Zhou X. , Shafique K. , Sajid M. , Ali Q. , Khalili E. , Javed M. A. , Haider M. S. , Zhou G. , Zhu G.
Published: July 2021

Abstract The mutations are genetic changes in the genome sequences and have a significant role in biotechnology, genetics, and molecular biology even to find out the genome sequences of a cell DNA along with the viral RNA sequencing. The mutations are the alterations in DNA that may be natural or spontaneous and induced due to biochemical reactions or radiations which damage cell DNA. There is another cause of mutations which is known as transposons or jumping genes which can change their position in the genome during meiosis or DNA replication. The transposable elements can induce by self in the genome due to cellular and molecular mechanisms including hypermutation which caused the localization of transposable elements to move within the genome. The use of induced mutations for studying the mutagenesis in crop plants is very common as well as a promising method for screening crop plants with new and enhanced traits for the improvement of yield and production. The utilization of insertional mutations through transposons or jumping genes usually generates stable mutant alleles which are mostly tagged for the presence or absence of jumping genes or transposable elements. The transposable elements may be used for the identification of mutated genes in crop plants and even for the stable insertion of transposable elements in mutated crop plants. The guanine nucleotide-binding (GTP) proteins have an important role in inducing tolerance in rice plants to combat abiotic stress conditions.
UNDERSTANDING THE DYNAMICS OF THE BRAZILIAN MARKET FOR NATIVE FOREST WOOD: A CASE STUDY FOR MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL
Authors: Martins Thales Guilherme Vaz , Reis Geraldo Gonçalves dos , Reis Maria das Graças Ferreira , Leite Rodrigo Vieira , Telles Lucas Arthur de Almeida , Mendes Gleidson Guilherme Caldas , Lage Mayara Ribeiro , Pinto Dayane Lopes , Carvalho Thamires de Souza , Cardoso Hiohanes Moura , Lorenzon Alexandre Simões , Martins Douglas Vinícius Vaz
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Understanding the Brazilian market for native wood helps forest managers and can guide conservation policies. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of supply and demand of the Brazilian native wood for four products namely, charcoal, roundwood, firewood, and sawn wood. We used the consumed wood volume from 2006 to 2016 in Minas Gerais (MG) tracking its supplier in Brazil accounting for 31 million cubic meters. These data were used as input for calculating mean centers and performing grouping analysis. The wood supply centers for the energy sector in Brazil have moved from Cerrado to the Caatinga biome. This change is consistent with historical patterns of agricultural expansion in Brazil. The largest mesoregions producing wood were: East of Mato Grosso do Sul State, South of Goiás State, and Center-South of Bahia State. The solid wood supply centers have moved from the North to Midwest regions but remained within the Amazon biome for almost all the years. This pattern is likely a consequence of timber regulation practices in the Amazon. The mesoregions: Madeira-Guaporé and East of Rondônia State, Southeast and Northeast of Pará State, and North of Mato Grosso State were the most important suppliers of solid wood to MG. Wood consumption for energy is centered in the Center and North regions of MG State, especially in Sete Lagoas, a hub of pig iron and cement industries. Solid wood products are dispersed in MG State, being Belo Horizonte, Conselheiro Lafaiete, Ubá, and Uberlândia the distribution centers of native wood for the furniture industry within MG. The spatial statistics helped to exploit the activity of the native wood market in Brazil and provides essential information for decision-makers that was not previously available.
PRODUCTION TECHNIQUES OF ARBOREAL SPECIES SEEDLINGS AND USE OF MULCHING IN AN ALTERED AREA
Authors: Zavistanovicz Thairini Claudino , Aimi Suelen Carpenedo , Araujo Maristela Machado , Berghetti Álvaro Luís Pasquetti , Gomes Daniele Rodrigues , Barbosa Felipe Manzoni
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Among the methods used for the restoration of altered areas, the planting of native tree seedlings is one of the most traditional ones. The objective of this study was to evaluate the survival and initial growth of Casearia sylvestris Sw, Handroanthus heptaphyllus Vell. Mattos and Parapiptadenia rigida Benth. Brenan seedlings in altered areas, according to containers used in nursery seedlings production and use of mulching on planting, using morphological and physiological attributes. The experiment was conducted in a 2x2 factorial scheme. The type of containers used (plastic bag and tube) was considered, and the presence or absence of mulching around the seedlings. The three species presented similar survival averages at 24 months. The rates between the treatments were 72.5; 85.0 and 80.0%, respectively. The use of plastic bags had a positive impact on the height (IncH) and stem collar (IncDC), crown area (CA) and shoot dry mass (SDM) for C. sylvestris and H. heptaphyllus, while for P. rigida, the use of plastic bags favored the CA and the SDM. The presence of mulching favored the attributes IncH, IncDC, AC, and MSPA of H. heptaphyllus, as well as CA and SDM of C. sylvestris. Regarding the physiological parameters (relative levels of chlorophyll a and b and fluorescence of chlorophyll a), no difference was observed between the treatments tested. It is recommended that for the planting of seedlings of C. sylvestris, H. heptaphyllus, and P. rigida, in altered areas by anthropization, they be produced in a 1.5 L plastic bag, aiming at greater field growth. Also, in the planting of C. sylvestris and H. heptaphyllus the mulching should be used to favor their growth.
CONTRIBUIÇÃO AO ESTUDO DOS VALORES, FINALIDADES E OBJETIVOS DA EDUCAÇÃO MÉDICA
Authors: Santos Jair de Oliveira
Published: July 2021

Resumo: O Autor, após revisão da literatura filosófica, estabelece seus pontos de vista sobre o conceito e natureza dos valores. Situa a importância dos valores para a Educação Médica e define três critérios para escolha: um histórico, um sócio-cultural e outro pragmático. A seguir classifica e descreve os valores que a Educação Médica deve transmitir: 1 - Lógico-epistemológicos: busca de verdade, busca de sabedoria, disciplina mental, capacidade de rever princípios, disposição de descobrir e respeitar fatos novos, estímulo à criatividade; 2 - Valores éticos: beneficência, justiça, liberdade, disciplina, responsabilidade, respeito ao paciente, respeito à vida, participação e compartilhamento de grupos , capacidade de tomar decisões, empatia, honestidade, escrúpulo, moderação, serenidade, humildade; 3 - Valor estético: beleza. Defende que a Educação Médica deva considerar finalidades culturais sócio-econômicas, éticas e políticas, decorrentes dos valores escolhidos. Propõe uma taxionomia de Bloom, considerando os domínios cognitivo, afetivo e psicomotor.
Representative Committees of Peers
Authors: Meir Reshef , Sandomirskiy Fedor , Tennenholtz Moshe
Published: July 2021

A population of voters must elect representatives among themselves to decide on a sequence of possibly unforeseen binary issues. Voters care only about the final decision, not the elected representatives. The disutility of a voter is proportional to the fraction of issues, where his preferences disagree with the decision. While an issue-by-issue vote by all voters would maximize social welfare, we are interested in how well the preferences of the population can be approximated by a small committee.

We show that a k-sortition (a random committee of k voters with the majority vote within the committee) leads to an outcome within the factor 1+O(1/√ k) of the optimal social cost for any number of voters n, any number of issues m, and any preference profile. For a small number of issues m, the social cost can be made even closer to optimal by delegation procedures that weigh committee members according to their number of followers. However, for large m, we demonstrate that the k-sortition is the worst-case optimal rule within a broad family of committee-based rules that take into account metric information about the preference profile of the whole population.
Humber Bridge hanger replacements and testing
Authors: Arundel Andrew , Bishop David , Hendy Chris R. , Mundell Chris
Published: July 2021

The Humber Bridge is an iconic Grade 1 listed structure, which remains one of the longest single-span suspension bridges in the world. It has a main span of 1410 m and a total span length of 2220 m. The bridge deck is connected to the main suspension cables by spiral wire rope hangers with socketed end connections. In this paper, the global analysis of the bridge is discussed to identify the predicted stresses in the hangers, which was complicated by the triangulation of the hangers. The paper then covers the selection of three trial hangers to be replaced, the specification of the replacement hangers and the testing specified to determine the residual life of the original hangers. The design, fabrication and installation of the works involved in replacing the hangers is described and the paper concludes with a discussion of the results of the hanger testing and how this has informed the strategy for management of the remaining hangers.