bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accessibility of Antigenic Sites Recognized by AUA1, HMFG1 and HMFG2 Monoclonal Antibodies: Its Influence on Antibody Binding of Live Cells
Authors: Mooi Wolter J , Krausz Thomas , Kirkland Susan C , Cross Angela , Epenetos Agamemnon A
Published: October 2018

We assessed the immunoreactivity of live and alcohol-fixed monolayers of HRA-19, a rectal adenocarcinoma cell line, to the monoclonal antibodies AUA1, HMFG1 and HMFG2. Differences in staining patterns between live and alcohol-fixed colonies were found. The well-polarized cells forming the centers of the monolayer colonies showed strong membrane staining when the cells were alcohol-fixed prior to AUA1 incubation, but showed no staining when the cells were alive during the incubation. When AUA1 incubation was done both before and after alcohol fixation, membrane staining was again seen, ruling out the possibility of antigenic modulation. Incubation of live cells with AUA1 together with EDTA showed strong staining of dissociating cells. It is concluded that AUA1 antigenic sites, which on polarized cells are basolateral in location, are inaccessible to the antibody-containing culture fluid, which bathes the apical aspects of the cells, but they become accessible after alcohol fixation, or treatment with EDTA.

HMFG1 antigenic sites are located on the apical cell membrane, and accordingly, no differences were seen between incubation of live and alcohol-fixed cells when incubated with HMFG1. The antigenic sites of HMFG2 are partly intracellular, and in our monolayer model, the staining of live cells was weaker and more scarce than on alcohol-fixed cells. It is concluded that immunostaining of cytological and histological material of tumours may not adequately predict antibody binding on live cells, and thus, these findings are of importance in the context of selection of monoclonal antibodies for clinical radio-immunotargeting.
Lack of TdT and Immunoglobulin and T-Cell Receptor Gene Rearrangements in Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Villa Anna , Cairo Gaetano , Pozzi Maria Rosa , Schiaffonati Luisa , Bardella Lidia , Lucchini Roberto , Delia Domenico , Besana Carlo , Biunno Ida , Vezzoni Paolo
Published: October 2018

To study the pathogenesis of Hodgkin's disease (HD), which today remains obscure, we have undertaken a combined experimental approach: determination of TdT and molecular analysis of rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH), T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain and the T-cell rearranging gamma (TRG) genes. TdT determination indicate would the presence of immature cells that are not detected in the normal lymphnode; molecular analysis of the rearrangements of these genes would reveal the presence of even a small monoclonal population of both T and B lineages in the lymphnodes. We believe that the combination of these two types of analysis can indicate whether an expanding lymphoid clone is responsible for this disease. TdT determination was negative in all 41 cases tested. Gene rearrangements were studied in 10 cases for IgH and TCR beta genes and in 5 cases for the TRG gene. No abnormal band beside the germ-line ones was detected in any of our cases, ruling out the presence of a minor neoplastic population. We can explain these results in at least three ways: first, the neoplastic population could represent less than 1% of the total, thus escaping detection by current techniques; second, the neoplastic population is not lymphoid in nature or is composed of mature cells that do not rearrange Ig and TCR genes and therefore belongs to a true non-B, non-T lineage; third, the pathogenesis of HD is completely different from that of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) and does not involve the clonal expansion of a cell frozen at a particular maturative stage as is thought to happen in most NHL.
Tumor Markers (CEA, TPA and CA 19–9) in Urine of Bladder Cancer Patients
Authors: Tizzani Alessandro , Cassetta Giovanni , Cicigoi Anna , Piana Paolo , Cerchier Antonella , Pecchio Fernando , Piantino Paolo
Published: October 2018

This study was carried out to evaluate the usefulness of determining urinary levels of carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA), tissue-polypeptide antigen (TPA), and gastrointestinal cancer antigen (Cal 9-9) in addition to the usual diagnostic procedures for bladder cancer. Sixty-seven patients with transitional bladder cancer, 40 healthy controls and 20 patients with inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract were considered. All urine samples were obtained from patients with intact renal function and no urinary tract infection. TPA and Cal 9-9 urinary levels in patients with G3 bladder tumors were significantly higher than in those with lower graded neoplasms. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of a positive (PV+) or negative (PV–) test and the diagnostic accuracy were also evaluated. Cal 9-9 was the best urinary marker for bladder cancer (sensitivity 71.6%, specificity 91.6%, PV + 90.5%, PV–74.3%, diagnostic accuracy 81%).
LYDMA-antigens and Immunity against EBV-infected Cells Epstein-Barr Virus as a Model for the Study of Host-infection Interaction
Authors: Villa Maria L. , Bombardieri Emilio
Published: October 2018

Molecular biology has shown that DNA viruses carry their own transforming genes, unlike RNA viruses (retrovirus), which use cellular “oncogenes”. Some of the products of transforming viral genes are very good potential targets for immune defence. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immortalization is linked to the transcriptional activation of some latently transcribed regions; the lymphocyte-determined membrane antigens (LYDMA), the product of one of these regions, are the T-cell's chosen target. EBV-induced immortalization may therefore be free from any malignant consequence as long as immortalized clones are suppressed by immunosurveillance. In vivo, LYDMA-positive clones may be susceptible to immune control; LYDMA-negative clones can transform to neoplastic cells
Alpha-fetoprotein Monoclonal Assay: Preliminary Clinical Findings in a High Risk Population
Authors: Pizzocolo G. , Salmi A. , Lanza E. , Rangoni G. , Gussago A. , Dovis M. , Callegaro L. , Albertini A.
Published: October 2018

A two-site solid phase immunoradiometric assay was developed for measurement of human alpha-fetoprotein, utilizing two high-affinity monoclonal antibodies directed against distinct and separate epitopes on the proteic structure. The analytical sensitivity of the assay is 0.5 ng/ml. The clinical sensitivity was evaluated by comparison of patients with cirrhosis and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis. This assay gave good diagnostic discrimination. In a preliminary clinical trial, the specificity of the assay was 92.3%, the clinical sensitivity 88.2%. and predictive values were 78.9% in the clinically positive stage and 96.0% in the negative stage. The diagnostic efficacy of the assay was 91.3%.
Clinical Utility of Prostatic Specific Antigen and Prostatic Acid Phosphatase Serum Levels in Monitoring Prostate Cancer
Authors: Morote J. , Ruibal A. , Palou J. , de Torres J. A. , Soler-Roselló A.
Published: October 2018

We analysed 696 prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) serum samples by double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) I125 in the follow-up of 122 patients with prostate cancer under treatment. PSA levels were significantly correlated to response to treatment, whereas PAP results did not differentiate patients with partial or complete remission. Progression of the disease was detected in 95.2 and 85.4% of PSA and PAP samples, and increased to 99.9% using both simultaneously. On the whole, PSA was better than PAP in monitoring prostate cancer, and the efficacy was greater using both markers together.
Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Human Colorectal Tumour Cells (Study of 70 Cases)
Authors: Bracali G. , Caracino A.M. , Rossodivita F. , Bianchi C. , Loli M.G. , Bracali M.
Published: October 2018

Estrogen and progesterone receptors were studied in 70 cases of human colorectal cancer by a cytochemical technique. 28.5% of the cases were estrogen-receptor positive and 42.8% progesterone-receptor positive.

There was no difference between the sexes for estrogen receptors but the women had more tumours with progesterone receptors than men.

The presence of receptors is unrelated to the differentiation of the tumour. More colon tumours were positive than those of the sigma and rectum. The concentration of cells with receptors in positive cancer cases tended to be low or medium-low.
Comparison of CA 15-3 and CEA in diagnosis and monitoring of breast cancer
Authors: Safi F. , Kohler I. , Röttinger E. , Suhr P. , Beger H. G.
Published: October 2018

In order to assess the utility of the tumor-associated antigen CA15-3 in the diagnosis of breast cancer, this new tumor marker was measured pre-operatively in 1342 patients. This group comprised 509 patients with malignant disease (134 with breast cancer and 375 with other malignancies not involving the breast) and 833 patients with benign surgical diseases (95 patients with fibroadenoma of the breast, 738 with other benign diseases). The results were compared with those for carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of breast cancer. CA15-3 was above the normal limits of 25 U/ml in 31% of the patients with breast cancer, in 22% of patients with other malignancies, and in 9% of patients with benign diseases. CEA was elevated in 26% of patients with breast cancer (> 3ng/ml). CA15-3 levels were above 50 U/ml in 13% of the breast cancer patients, in 6%) of patients with other malignancies, and in 0.2% of the patients with benign diseases. There was a good correlation between CA 15-3 level and tumor stage in breast cancer. CA 15-3 serum levels were over 50 U/ml in respectively 0%, 2%, 13%, and 73% of the patients with stages I, II, III, and IV. CA 15-3 and CEA were also determined in 671 patients who had received initial curative surgery of breast cancer, and who regularly attended our follow-up clinic.

CA15-3 was found to be more sensitive than CEA in detecting recurrences of breast cancer. In the post-care period, carcinoma recurred in 205 patients. Of these 73% had CA15-3 concentrations above 25 U/ml, whereas only 50% had CEA values above 3 ng/ml (p< 0.0001). Although neither CA15-3 nor CEA are sensitive enough for the screening and diagnosis of early breast cancer, CA 15-3 is superior to CEA in the detection of breast cancer metastases.
Distributed algorithm for painting by a swarm of randomly deployed robots under limited visibility model
Authors: Das Deepanwita , Mukhopadhyaya Srabani
Published: October 2018

This article studies the problem of painting an obstacle free rectangular region by a swarm of mobile robots. Initially the robots are deployed randomly within the target area subject to the condition that the distribution is d*-dense, where [Formula: see text], and a robot can view up to a distance d. By d*-dense, it is meant that if all the robots are projected on a horizontal line, then the distance between two consecutive robots must be less than or equal to d*. Non-consideration of the popular CORDA (computational) model in the field of area coverage by swarm robots has been addressed here. The proposed algorithm assumes CORDA model. The robots follow a completely distributed algorithm to paint the region. The robots do not need to be synchronous, but they are assumed to have equal velocities. However, the proposed algorithm supports the robots with different speed. In that case, if r is the given upper bound on the ratios of the speeds of any two robots, then the initial distribution has to be D*-dense, where [Formula: see text].
Cancer pain and neuropathic pain are associated with Aβ sensory neuronal plasticity in dorsal root ganglia and abnormal sprouting in lumbar spinal cord
Authors: Zhu Yong Fang , Kwiecien Jacek M , Dabrowski Wojciech , Ungard Robert , Zhu Kan Lun , Huizinga Jan D , Henry James L , Singh Gurmit
Published: October 2018

Evidence suggests that there are both nociceptive and neuropathic components of cancer-induced pain. We have observed that changes in intrinsic membrane properties and excitability of normally non-nociceptive Aβ sensory neurons are consistent in rat models of peripheral neuropathic pain and cancer-induced pain. This has prompted a comparative investigation of the intracellular electrophysiological characteristics of sensory neurons and of the ultrastructural morphology of the dorsal horn in rat models of neuropathic pain and cancer-induced pain. Neuropathic pain model rats were induced with a polyethylene cuff implanted around a sciatic nerve. Cancer-induced pain model rats were induced with mammary rat metastasis tumour-1 rat breast cancer or MATLyLu rat prostate cancer cells implanted into the distal epiphysis of a femur. Behavioural evidence of nociception was detected using von Frey tactile assessment. Aβ-fibre low threshold mechanoreceptor neurons in both cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain models exhibited slower dynamics of action potential genesis, including a wider action potential duration and lower action potential amplitude compared to those in control animals. Enhanced excitability of Aβ-fibre low threshold mechanoreceptor neurons was also observed in cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain models. Furthermore, both cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain models showed abundant abnormal axonal sprouting in bundles of myelinated axons in the ipsilateral spinal laminae IV and V. The patterns of changes show consistency between rat models of cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain. These findings add to the body of evidence that animal models of cancer-induced pain and neuropathic pain share features that may contribute to the peripheral and central sensitization and tactile hypersensitivity in both pain states.
Outcomes of Surgical Repair of Complex D-Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: Olds Anna , Nakamura Yuki , Levasseur Stephanie , Shah Amee , Freud Lindsay , Chelliah Anjali , Chai Paul , Quaegebeur Jan , Bacha Emile , Kalfa David
Published: October 2018

Background:

D-transposition of the great arteries (TGA) or TGA-type double outlet right ventricle (DORV) with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) may be treated with the arterial switch operation (ASO), Rastelli, Réparation à l’Etage Ventriculaire (REV), or Nikaidoh procedures. We evaluated midterm results of these techniques.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed 42 cases of anatomic repair from 2005 to 2014 at our institution for TGA (n = 29) or TGA-type DORV (n = 13) with VSD and LVOTO. We analyzed outcomes (mortality, reoperation, residual/recurrent LVOT peak gradient ≥20 mm Hg, right ventricular outflow tract [RVOT] peak gradient ≥40 mm Hg) and performed a risk analysis. Mean follow-up was 5.77 ± 3.08 years.

Results:

Seventeen (40.5%) patients had an ASO with (n = 4) or without (n = 13) LVOTO resection. The Rastelli, REV, and Nikaidoh procedures were used in 14 (33%), 5 (12%), and 6 (14%) patients, respectively. There were no mortalities or moderate aortic insufficiency at last follow-up. Three (9%) patients developed LVOT gradient ≥20 mm Hg, while nine (21.4%) patients had RVOT obstruction. Reoperations included RVOT/pulmonary artery reoperation (n = 10; 23.8%) and LVOT reoperation (n = 1; 2.5%). Freedom from reoperation was 84% ± 6% and 75% ± 9% at one and three years, respectively, for the entire cohort with no differences between groups by type of operation (log-rank P = .64). The Nikaidoh procedure compared favorably to all other techniques in terms of reoperation (n = 0/6; 0% vs n = 13/36; 36%; P = .08).

Conclusions:

Midterm outcomes after anatomic repair for TGA or TGA-type DORV with LVOTO and VSD are excellent but vary by surgical technique. The Nikaidoh procedure seems to compare favorably to the other techniques.
Pulmonary Autograft Mitral Valve Replacement (Ross II): Long-Term Follow-Up of a US Center
Authors: Blitzer David , Herrmann Jeremy L. , Brown John W.
Published: October 2018

Background:

Mitral valve replacement (MVR) with a pulmonary autograft (Ross II) may be a useful technique for pediatric and young adult patients who wish to avoid anticoagulation. Our aim was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of the Ross II procedure at our institution.

Methods:

Patients undergoing the Ross II procedure between June 2002 and April 2008 were included. Preoperative diagnoses included rheumatic disease (n = 5), congenital mitral valve (MV) pathology (partial atrioventricular canal defect [n = 2], complete atrioventricular canal defect [n = 1], Shone's complex [n = 1]), and myocarditis (n = 1).

Results:

Ten patients (eight females and two males) between 7 months and 46 years were included. Mean age at surgery was 25.2 ± 15.7 years. There were no in-hospital deaths. Mean follow-up was 11.7 ± 5.2 years. There were three late deaths at 11 months, 5 years, and 11 years, respectively. Causes of death included right heart failure, sepsis, and sudden cardiac arrest. Three patients required subsequent mechanical MVR a median of two years after the Ross II procedure (range: 1-4 years). There was no mortality with reoperation. Echocardiographic follow-up demonstrated mean MV gradients ranging from 2.2 to 9.6 mm Hg. Two patients had greater than mild MV regurgitation postoperatively, and all others had minimal mitral regurgitation or less. Two patients developed moderate MV stenosis.

Conclusions:

The Ross II procedure is an option for select older children and young adults desiring a durable tissue MVR to avoid long-term anticoagulation.
NEET as an Outcome for Care Leavers in South Africa: The Case of Girls and Boys Town
Authors: Dickens Lisa , Marx Peter
Published: October 2018

A well-documented outcome for emerging adults in determining their “success” is whether they are Not in Employment, Education, or Training (NEET) or engaged in Education, Employment, and Training (EET). Being NEET can create psychological, emotional, financial, and health challenges and is a significant risk factor in youth making successful transitions into adulthood. This article describes and compares the NEET and EET status of care leavers from Girls and Boys Town after 1 and 2 years and in relation to other outcomes. The results suggest that while care leavers’ NEET rates are high, they are not significantly higher than those of the South African general population as seen elsewhere in the world. Furthermore, being NEET is associated with more negative care leaving outcomes than being EET; however, this article also highlights the vulnerability of those who are EET. Relationships with family and support networks play a critical role in helping and supporting these youth.
Outcomes of Surgically Managed Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Hadayer Amir , Mueller Brett H. , Adeniran Janelle Fassbender , Barr Charles C.
Published: October 2018

Purpose:

The purpose of this article is to conduct a retrospective chart review of the results of vitrectomy for diabetic vitreous hemorrhage (VH) and diabetic traction retinal detachment (TRD) using small-gauge instruments.

Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all diabetic vitrectomies performed at the University of Louisville from 2012 to 2016 that had at least 6 months of follow-up. Patients included in this study underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy complications. We analyzed the preoperative and 6- and 12-month postoperative visual acuities (VAs) in patients who had vitrectomy for their diabetic retinopathy. We also determined the proportion of patients who had best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/40 or better and 20/80 or worse. In the patients who had BCVA of 20/80 or worse, we identified the reasons for the decreased VA. We also report intraocular pressure, demographic characteristics, operative techniques, and complications.

Results:

We identified 93 eyes that underwent diabetic vitrectomy; 81 eyes of 63 patients had at least 6 months’ follow-up. Of those 81 eyes, 40 eyes had VH only; the average duration of vision loss before surgery was 4.7 months. Forty-one eyes had TRDs with average duration of vision loss before surgery of 7 months. The presenting BCVA was 1.14 logMAR (20/300) in the VH-only group and 1.49 logMAR (20/600) in the TRD group ( P < .09). Six months after surgery, the BCVA was 0.59 logMAR (20/80) in the VH-only group but still 1.37 logMAR (20/500) in the TRD group ( P < .001). By 12 months after surgery (63 eyes), the BCVA was 0.60 logMAR (20/80) vs 1.09 logMAR (20/250), respectively ( P < .02). Technical success was achieved in 79 of 81 eyes. At 12 months after surgery, 22 eyes (55%) in the VH-only group and 19 eyes (46%) in the TRD group gained 15 letters or more (doubling the VA) compared with their presenting VA. In the VH-only group 7 eyes (18%) were 23-gauge (G) PPV, 22 (58%) were 25G PPV, and 9 (24%) were 27G PPV, while in the TRD group 15 (38%) were 20G PPV, 11 (27%) were 23G PPV, and 14 (35%) were 25G PPV. There was no difference in outcome with different gauges.

Conclusions:

While vitrectomy for complications of diabetic retinopathy was technically successful with small-gauge surgery, visual results were disappointing. Further work is needed to clarify the best timing of surgery to improve visual outcomes.
Healing rates in diabetes-related foot ulcers using low frequency ultrasonic debridement versus non-surgical sharps debridement: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Michailidis Lucia , Bergin Shan M. , Haines Terry P. , Williams Cylie M.
Published: October 2018

Objective

Current clinical practice varies around debridement techniques used to promote healing of diabetes-related foot ulcers. This randomised controlled study will compare healing rates for diabetes-related foot ulcers treated with low frequency ultrasonic debridement versus non-surgical sharps debridement. Individuals with diabetes-related foot ulcers being managed by podiatry at a metropolitan hospital were screened against study criteria. Eligible participants were randomly allocated to either the non-surgical sharps debridement group or the low frequency ultrasonic debridement group and received weekly treatment for 6 months. Participants also completed a quality of life measure and visual analogue pain scale.

Results

This trial was ended early due to recruitment issues. Ten participants with 14 ulcers participated. Results were analysed using a survival analysis approach. Ulcers treated with non-surgical sharps debridement healed more quickly (61.6 days ± 24.4) compared with low frequency ultrasonic debridement (117.6 days ± 40.3). In both groups, quality of life was observed to improve as ulcers healed and pain levels reduced as ulcers improved. Observations from this study found faster healing using non-surgical sharps debridement. However, these results are unable to be generalised due to the small sample size. Further research is recommended.

Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN12612000490875
Pvr receptor tyrosine kinase signaling promotes post-embryonic morphogenesis, and survival of glia and neural progenitor cells in Drosophila
Authors: Read Renee D.
Published: October 2018

Stem cells reside in specialized microenvironments, called niches, that regulate their development and the development of their progeny. However, the development and maintenance of niches are poorly understood. In the Drosophila brain, cortex glial cells provide a niche that promotes self-renewal and proliferation of neural stem cell-like cells (neuroblasts). In the central brain, neuroblasts and their progeny control post-embryonic morphogenesis of cortex glia through PDGF-like ligands, and this PDGFR receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling in cortex glia is required for expression of DE-cadherin, which sustains neuroblasts. Thus, through an RTK-dependent feed-forward loop, neuroblasts and their glial niche actively maintain each other. When the EGFR RTK is constitutively activated in cortex glia, they overexpress PDGF orthologs to stimulate autocrine PDGFR signaling, which uncouples their growth and survival from neuroblasts, and drives neoplastic glial transformation and elimination of neuroblasts. These results provide fundamental insights into glial development and niche regulation, and show that niche-neural stem cell feed-forward signaling becomes hijacked to drive neural tumorigenesis.
Reliability and validity of analytical construct in the case of virtual work
Authors: Õun Kandela
Published: October 2018

Social scientists are interested in understanding social reality as accurately as possible, trying to measure observable and indirectly measurable phenomena as well as the phenomena that still need to be constructed for measurement. Constructing social phenomena so that they can be measured is the everyday work of social scientists as the development of societies constantly brings forth new phenomena that attract authors’ interest to investigate and interpret them. Technology-enhanced telework as a research theme has become topical because of advances in information and communication technology and the fact that they have become widespread. The biggest obstacle to the investigation of technology-enhanced telework (also called virtual work) is the huge range of different definitions and approaches; virtual work mostly described rather than measured in surveys.

The current article focuses on the reliability and validity of the analytical construct of virtual work previously developed by the author on the basis of service sector organisations.

Reliability is quite simple to measure – Chronbach’s alpha is well known to measure it, but there are several approaches to the measurement validity beginning with the first authors Cronbach and Meehl [14] to Messick [32], Kane [29], Bornstein [7] and Slocum et al [48]. Every researcher adds a new point of view that makes understanding and using the methods of validity more complicated, but it is important to find a proper and suitable way to analyse the validity of construct of virtual work. In the article, the author will analyse the reliability and validity of two models which measure technology-enhanced telework.
Una revisión propositiva a la política pública para el mejoramiento del gobierno en las IES en Colombia
Authors: Restrepo José Manuel , Bradford Henry , Guzmán Alexander , Trujillo María Andrea
Published: October 2018

Las prácticas de gobierno en las instituciones de educación superior (ies) en Colombia han sido objeto de debate en la década actual. En este diálogo han participado el Ministerio de Educación Nacional, actores en los sistemas de gobierno de las ies e investigadores que han desarrollado estudios sobre el tema en particular. En el marco de este debate, el Consejo Nacional de Educación Superior estableció la política pública para el mejoramiento del gobierno en las ies en noviembre de 2017. Esta política expresa aspectos relevantes para un buen gobierno en las ies del país, pero deja de lado otros que consideramos fundamentales traer a discusión. Este artículo realiza un análisis crítico a la política pública promulgada en el año 2017 y sugiere al Ministerio de Educación Nacional nuevos aspectos que deben ser considerados en el establecimiento de lineamientos de gobierno para las ies colombianas.
Saúde e trabalho de residentes multiprofissionais
Authors: Santos Rocha Jéssica , Aparecida Casarotto Raquel , Basso Schmitt Ana Carolina
Published: October 2018

Introdução: o Programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Saúde (RM) é, no Brasil, uma das estratégias para reorganização do serviço de saúde. Tal programa foi baseado nas Residências Médicas que são alvo de apontamentos críticos relacionados à supervisão e à situação de saúde dos residentes. Na literatura são encontrados poucos estudos que investiguem a saúde dos residentes multiprofissionais. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar e correlacionar a qualidade de vida (QV), estresse e satisfação com o trabalho de tais residentes. Materiais e métodos: estudo transversal, com 42 residentes de 2014-2015 de cinco progra- mas de residência multiprofissional dos três níveis assistenciais. Com questionário online, foi estimada a prevalência de estresse e construídas regressões lineares múltiplas para verificar a contribuição das variáveis sociodemográficas, ocupacionais, estresse e de satisfação com o trabalho nos domínios da QV (significância de 5 %). Resultado: verificou-se que 78.9 % dos residentes apresentava estresse. Os residentes estavam parcialmente satisfeitos em relação à satisfação com o trabalho de modo geral. Quanto à QV, os valores apresentados em todos os domínios foram inferiores aos encontrados na população brasileira em geral. Conclusão: a satisfação parcial com o trabalho envolve o relacionamento com os pares, esgotamento pro ssional e grau de exibilidade e de liberdade na participação do residente no processo de trabalho. A prevalência do estresse nos residentes multipro ssionais foi de alta, ele e a mobilidade urba- na contribuíram negativamente para a qv, por outro lado ter atividade de lazer teve in uência positiva.
Prevención de drogas. Buenas prácticas de trece programas de Colombia
Authors: Espinal Bedoya José Silverio , Calderón Vallejo Gustavo Adolfo
Published: October 2018

Introducción: se describen las buenas prácticas de prevención, distinguidas de esta manera por trece programas de prevención de drogas en Colombia. La identificación de buenas prácticas se ha extendido en el campo de las drogas para ayudar a mejorar los procesos, la toma de decisiones, encontrar metodologías exitosas y, en general, mejorar el saber hacer en los programas de drogas. Para la investigación se realizó un estudio cualitativo, hermenéutico, con alcance descriptivo, a partir de un proceso de realización de entrevistas a coordinadores y operadores de dichos programas, información que se sometió a un análisis de categorías previas y emergentes. Desarrollo: los resultados mostraron que algunas de las buenas prác- ticas descritas en la literatura especializada eran implementadas por los programas consultados, aunque no todas las necesarias para mostrar resultados eficaces y comprobables, especialmente en la generación de evidencia. Conclusiones: de forma aislada, dichas prácticas no tienen la suficiente fuerza; pero, si fueran adoptadas en su conjunto redundarían en una mejora de la prevención de drogas en Colombia.
A Semantic Approach for Estimating Consumer Content Preferences from Online Search Queries
Authors: Liu Jia , Toubia Olivier
Published: October 2018

We extend latent Dirichlet allocation by introducing a topic model, hierarchically dual latent Dirichlet allocation, the output of which provides a basis for estimating consumers’ content preferences on the fly from their search queries.
Benefits of introduction of Oncotype DX® testing
Authors: Green N , Al-Allak A , Fowler C
Published: October 2018

Introduction

Decisions regarding adjuvant chemotherapy in women with oestrogen receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative, node negative, early invasive breast cancer are unclear. The Recurrence Score® (RS) from Oncotype DX® (ODX) testing guides decisions based on individual cancer genomics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of introducing ODX results on adjuvant treatment decisions and its potential economic benefits.

Methods

Patients offered the test were identified from the ODX requesting system. Information on reasons behind chemotherapy treatment decisions were collected from clinical letters and the pathology system. The Nottingham prognostic index (NPI) scores were calculated for each individual patient.

Results

A total of 101 patients were identified as having undergone ODX testing over 21 months. The median age was 57 years (range: 41–72 years), the median NPI was 3.70 (range: 3.40–5.26) and the median RS was 17 (range: 0–59). NPI did not predict the risk category. All of the patients in the high risk group, 35.1% in the intermediate risk group and 5.4% in the low risk group received chemotherapy. The majority of low risk patients who received chemotherapy made a decision prior to the ODX result.

Conclusions

In our unit, RS aided our decision making regarding adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with a higher RS were more likely to receive chemotherapy. If NPI had been used alone, more women would have been offered chemotherapy. Good communication with patients prior to testing is important to ensure it is cost effective.
A novel airway management strategy for cervical necrotising fasciitis secondary to Bezold’s abscess
Authors: Al-Zahid S , Izadi D , Day CJ , Wilson A , Stone C , Smith J
Published: October 2018

We describe a rare case of cervical necrotising fasciitis caused by mastoiditis and Bezold’s abscess. This case was complicated by a tracheostomy delaying wound healing. A novel strategy to repair the tracheotomy defect using Permacol™, an acellular porcine dermal substitute, and a local muscle flap not previously reported in the literature is described to allow the use of negative pressure wound therapy dressing. This technique may be employed in similar applications for non-healing tracheotomy wounds.
A rare case of Paget’s disease affecting the cervical spine
Authors: Holton J , Jones M , Klezl Z , Czyz M , Grainger M , Rehousek P
Published: October 2018

We present the case of a 75-year-old man with a rapidly progressive cervical myelopathy on a background of a 3-year history of neck pain and a severely degenerative cervical spine. The patient developed progressive myelopathy over a six-month period and suffered from worsening kyphosis. Suspicion of an underlying oncological process prompted transfer to our tertiary referral unit. Biopsy was consistent for Paget’s disease, an extremely rare diagnosis of the cervical spine. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed cord compression between C4 and C6 with associated cord signal change indicative of myelopathy. A three-level corpectomy and posterior instrumented fusion was performed. There was significant blood loss (3.5l) intraoperatively, consistent with a diagnosis of Paget’s disease of the bone. Cell salvage was used, as was neuromonitoring for both the anterior and posterior part of the procedure. Postoperatively, neurological function improved slightly and the patient required community neurorehabilitation to allow independent living.
FRAGMENTOS DE IDEIAS SOBRE ENSINO DE FILOSOFIA E RE-EXISTÊNCIA
Authors: Aspis Renata Lima
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo, como já revela seu título, está constituído por notas esparsas, ou seja, não necessariamente atreladas por uma sintaxe de silogismos, premissas e conclusão, estando porém conectadas pelo interesse no ensino de filosofia. A primeira, ideias-flecha, trata da necessidade de um ensino de filosofia que se configure como experiência, que atravesse os estudantes como uma flecha, que os afete. A segunda nota, ideias-signo, é sobre o conceito deleuziano de aprendizagem, como decifração de signos. A terceira, ideias-possível, trata da contraposição entre realização de possíveis e criação de possíveis. Segundo Deleuze, é necessário que os possíveis (e no nosso caso, no ensino de filosofia) sejam criados, eles não estão dados a priori. A quarta nota, ideias-afeto, trata de conectar o conceito de afeto spinozano com a possibilidade de um aprendizado que atravesse o corpo. E por fim o que poderia ser um ensino de filosofia como re-existência.
UMA INTRODUÇAO AO ENSINO DE FILOSOFIA A PARTIR DA LITERATURA: A FILOSOFIA DE JEAN-PAUL SARTRE COMO PONTO BASE
Authors: Matos Rivelino Dos Santos
Published: October 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar a construção de um Plano de Aprendizagem em que pese o ensino de Filosofia no Ensino Médio a partir da literatura, tendo como ponto base a filosofia de Jean-Paul Sartre como forma introdutória de aproximação do aluno ao universo filosófico. Para isso, abordou-se a literaturaenquanto fresta para adentrar à Filosofia, ressaltando as semelhanças temáticas e questionamentos universais comum ao campo da filosofia. O artigo ressalta ainda, ocaráter flexível e atrativo da literatura, a importância da didática do olhar e o uso das TIC com meio de tornar as aulas mais dinâmicas e convidativas.
A “DISCIPLINA” FILOSOFIA COMO PROMOTORA DO DEBATE SOBRE IGUALDADE E DIFERENÇA NO AMBIENTE ESCOLAR
Authors: Corrêa Sergio Fernando Maciel
Published: October 2018

O artigo que apresentamos ao leitor é a exposição formal da memória das atividades realizadas durante o curso de aperfeiçoamento UNIAFRO daUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Todas as intervenções pedagógicas aconteceram com a primeira turma do Ensino Técnico em Eletromecânica Integrado ao Ensino Médio do Campus de Sapiranga –RS, do Instituto Federal Sul-Rio-Grandense (IFSul). Optamos por relatar o desempenho das quatro práticas em sala de aula que o curso de aperfeiçoamento propôs aos cursistas. Ante a este fato, prevenimos que se trata de texto expositivo-reflexivo e não de uma pesquisa científica rigorosa. Salientamos ainda que o êxito de todo o trabalho pedagógico aconteceu devido ao envolvimento de vários colegas professores e suas respectivas disciplinas junto com os setores de ensino, pesquisa e extensão do Campus.
A máscara e o rosto: dissimulação e verdade as perspectivas de Gaston Bachelard e François Dagonet
Authors: Bulcão Marly
Published: October 2018

No texto intitulado A máscara Gaston Bachelard mostra como chegar, às raízes fenomenológicas da dissimulação/simulção, trazendo, assim, contribuições para o estudo da fisiognomonia, ciência que tem por objetivo chegar ao conhecimento da personalidade humana através da análise do rosto do indivíduo. O texto bachelardiano me remeteu, por sua vez, às teses que seu discípulo François Dagognet apresenta em sua obra Faces, surfaces, interfaces, na qual mostra em que consiste a ciência da fisiognomonia. O objetivo de nosso trabalho é, portanto, o de expor duas perspectivas diferentes sobre a análise fisiognomônica, procurando ressaltar, entretanto, que o texto bachelardiano extrapola as questões fisiognomônicas, na medida em que tem implícita uma preocupação primordial que é a de exaltar o processo de imagética criadora que permeia a interpretação das máscaras e que se impõe como uma das funções essenciais do ser humano
O problema da demarcação científica em Karl Popper
Authors: Brito Juliana Barbosa
Published: October 2018

A preocupação em identificar características próprias da ciência é algo recorrente ao longo da história da filosofia. Muitos critérios de demarcação científica já foram propostos sob diversos pontos de vista. Tal problema foi investigado pelo filósofo Karl Popper ao constatar a necessidade de um critério adequado que determinasse o caráter científico de uma teoria. No presente artigo pretendo apresentar o problema da demarcação entre conhecimento científico e conhecimento não científico no pensamento epistemológico de Karl Popper. Abordarei a crítica do filósofo ao método indutivo de pesquisa, bem como a crítica dirigida à filosofia positivista do Círculo de Viena, demonstrando que o método positivista de verificação, proposto como critério de demarcação, não é plausível para determinar o caráter científico de uma teoria. Por fim, apresentarei o método de investigação científica defendido por Popper, e a sua solução para o problema da demarcação.
Do cosmos aristotélico ao mundo-máquina newtoniano: as bases metafísicas da ciência moderna
Authors: Mulinari Filicio
Published: October 2018

A visão da ciência enquanto um saber puramente objetivo e, por isso, livre de suposições metafísicas, ainda persiste na contemporaneidade, seja no âmbito ordinário do senso comum, seja nos meios científicos universitários. Sob essaperspectiva, percebe-se que há certo olhar que prevalece como uma máxima: a ciência moderna suplantou a metafísica. Noutros termos, ainda hoje se acredita que, após as descobertas científicas da Revolução Científica, com Copérnico, Galileu, Newton, entre outros, o discurso metafísico foi extinto da ciência. Embora essa visão sobre a ciência não seja unânime e, ao contrário, venha cada vez mais sendo solapada no meio acadêmico, não é incomum observar que ela ainda está presente e que se constitui como uma visão da maioria dos cientistas e teóricos brasileiros. Assim sendo, o objetivo desse artigo é, primeiramente, mostrar que a ciência moderna não rejeita — ao menos em princípio — às teses metafísicas, mas sim uma visão metafísica específica, a saber, a oriunda dos escritos de Aristóteles e que sustentou a visão científica anterior à concepção moderna. Além disso, o artigo mostra que, apesar da pretensa objetividade e ‘matematização’ da ciência, a concepção moderna lança mão de uma visão particular de ontologia/metafísica em seu fundamento. Por fim, pretendeseconcluir, por meio de uma análise comparativa da história da ciência, que não só é impensável, como também improvável se imaginar qualquer saber científico sem um alicerce ontológico, i.e., filosófico.
A Estética cartesiana não delimitada pelo método
Authors: Filho Isaú Ferreira Veloso
Published: October 2018

O artigo tem como proposta apresentar a primeira obra do filósofo francês René Descartes, o Compendium of Music, além de algumas cartas trocadas com Mersene entre os anos de 1629 e 1631, para se avaliar o que levou o autor do Discurso do Método a escrever um tratado sobre teoria musical e quais as implicações dessas obras no seu pensamento. Além de impedir a falsa ilusão de um Descartes artista, pretendese demonstrar o contraponto que o filósofo representa frente à teoria dos afetos, e como esse posicionamento é o principio da ideia de subjetividade do gosto em sentido strito, isto é, o gosto como uma questão particular do sujeito. Questão que será fundamental para as noções estéticas modernas, e na qual Descartes está imerso sem ter meios de perceber
A RECONFIGURAÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE SINCERIDADE EM TEORIAS PÓS-MODERNAS
Authors: Damião Carla Milani
Published: October 2018

O tema da sinceridade está intimamente relacionado com a subjetividade moderna e ao gênero autobiográfico iniciado, na filosofia, por Rousseau. Os pressupostos deste conceito serão apresentados brevemente para que possamos perceber o ressurgimento da sinceridade no contexto das teorias culturais pós-modernas de Lionel Trilling e de Charles Taylor. Das aulas de Trilling entre 1969 e 1970, publicadas sob o título de Sinceridade e autenticidade em 1972, à palestra de Taylor intitulada Ética da autenticidade, publicada em 1995, há uma considerável manifestação artística, na literatura, música, artes visuais e cinema, em torno da sinceridade e da autenticidade. A reconfiguração do conceito moderno de sinceridade e seu desdobramento como autenticidade, transforma o termo “autêntico” nas artes, conferindo-lhe uma acepção moral. Propomos, neste artigo, investigar o desdobramento do conceito de autenticidade com valor moral e não apenas artístico
ARTHUR DANTO E O LIMITE DO PAPEL DO DISCURSO: ENTRE A FILOSOFIA E A LITERATURA
Authors: Barros Marcelo Vinicius Miranda
Published: October 2018

Pretende-se avaliar a medida da relação possível entre filosofia e literatura em e a partir do pensador de referência da contemporaneidade, Arthur Danto. Uma vez que ambas buscam discussões de vários significados admissíveis para questões do ser humano, o problema central a que procuramos responder é o de saber se, nessa tentativa, as referidas atividades poderão ou deverão aproximar-se. Tal problema levanta um conjunto de questões que nos propomos pensar a partir de Arthur Danto: pode a literatura, na sua especificidade, acender novas possibilidades de expressão ou intercessão de cogitação filosófica? Ou, mais radicalmente, será sustentável a defesa de Arthur Danto de uma delimitação clara entre filosofia e literatura?
[APRESENTAÇÃO] Dossiê: Dis-pensando o ocidente
Authors: Pita Flávia Almeida , Sombra Laurenio Leite
Published: October 2018

Apresentação dos organizadores do dossiê
DIS-PENSANDO O OCIDENTE: O ÍNDIO TECNIZADO
Authors: Ceppas Felipe
Published: October 2018

A imagem oswaldiana do “índio tecnizado” nos convida a reconsiderar criticamente, e de modo radical, certas premissas com as quais o Ocidente se compreende a si mesmo e compreende os povos indígenas. Com esta imagem, Oswald propõe uma possível síntese de aspectos civilizacionais dinâmicos do Ocidente e das culturas ameríndias. Proponho rever algumas ideias de Oswald de Andrade, subjacentes à tese do “índio tecnizado”, em confronto com alguns aportes da antropologia, com o objetivo de reforçar a pertinência desta reconsideração crítica do “Ocidente” a partir da antropofagia.
THE RADIOPHONIC EXPERIENCES OF WALTER BENJAMIN IN THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC (1929-1933)
Authors: Carone Iray
Published: October 2018

Writings of Walter Benjamin for radio during the Weimar Republic (1929-1933) to children education were discovered in the 60’s and reveal to us his Hörspielle,Hörsmodelle, Funkspiele, catastrophes narratives, infantile stories, etc. The author had no radio theory but was intending to give another function to radio as educator, in a Marxist sense, in order to explore its esthetical and political potentialities. We are comparing the Benjamin’s view of the radio with the radio theory of Theodor W. Adorno, in the period that is remembered as the 'radio days'. In fact, the differences between Adorno and Benjamin are rather based in their different objects (of analysis – the radio music (Adorno) and the oral narratives by means of the radio Benjamin). Besides the radio experiments of Benjamin, his assertions about the cinema and photography are extremely important for esthetical evaluations of art and technology relationship.
O ENSAIO COMO REVOLTA EM THEODOR ADORNO
Authors: Souza Gabriela Nascimento
Published: October 2018

O presente artigo pretende compreender o ensaio em Theodor Adorno como uma revolta da filosofia transformada contra a filosofia tradicional. Tendo como ponto de partida a crítica de Adorno à filosofia idealista, nos propomos a instigar uma reflexão a respeito não só do grande avanço e importância da dialética negativa que perpetua o ensaio, mas também dos seus limites.
RECONHECIMENTO NA VIDA DANIFICADA: HONNETH LEITOR DE ADORNO
Authors: Barros Carlos César
Published: October 2018

Este artigo se propõe ao estudo do diálogo estabelecido pela teoria do reconhecimento de Axel Honneth com o pensamento de Theodor Adorno. Mais precisamente, dirige seu foco para a proposição de que já haveria em Adorno elementos teóricos que ajudam a compreender o fenômeno da reificação numa perspectiva do reconhecimento. Num primeiro momento, apresenta uma síntese das diferentes leituras que Honneth fez de Adorno num intervalo de aproximadamente trinta anos. Depois, analisa alguns dos principais temasexpressos em aforismos adornianos, aos quais Honneth se refere no desenvolvimento de seus argumentos. Duas teses emergem como uma aproximação possível entre os dois autores. A primeira afirma um referencial normativo na infância e na família, baseado na mimese e na intersubjetividade enquanto processos vinculados às noções de experiência, gramática gestual, espontaneidade, ludicidade e utopia. A segunda, derivada do referencial normativo, afirma a patologia social como deperecimento da experiência, danificação da vida, deformação da racionalidade mimética, reificação e sofrimento, sem, no entanto, deixar de encontrar nessas categorias um potencial de resistência. Por fim, o texto menciona algumas críticas à tentativa honnethiana de aproximação com Adorno e destaca a tendência de reconstrução da teoria crítica com base na filosofia da linguagem.