bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISASI SERA MOCAF (MODIFIED CASSAVA FLOUR) DARI UBIKAYU VARIETAS MANIS DAN PAHIT
Authors: Diniyah Nurud , Yuwana Nugraha , Maryanto NFN , Purnomo Bambang Herry , Subagio Achmad
Published: May 2020

Mocaf (tepung kasava termodifikasi/Modified Cassava Flour) dapat dibuat dari berbagai varietas ubikayu dengan lama fermentasi yang bervariasi. Hasil samping dari produksi Mocaf berupa komponen tidak lolos ayakan 100 mesh yang disebut “Sera”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan varietas (Cimanggu dan Kaspro) dan lama fermentasi (0, 12, dan 24 jam) terhadap sifat fisikokimia sera Mocaf. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 faktor yaitu varietas ubikayu dan lama fermentasi. Parameter yang dianalisis meliputi sifat fisik dan kimia seperti derajat putih, densitas kamba, proksimat, kadar serat kasar, dan kadar hemiselulosa-selulosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sera Mocaf dari ubikayu varietas Cimanggu dan Kaspro memiliki karakteristik berupa derajat putih berkisar 84,61-86,05%, densitas kamba 0,58-0,75 g/mL, kadar air 11,79-13,73%, kadar abu 0,61-2,68 %, kadar protein 1,31-2,34 %, kadar lemak 1,50-2,14 %, kadar serat kasar 18,11-22,76 %, kadar hemiselulosa 29,20-34,21 %, dan kadar selulosa 18,47-21,89 %. Sera sebagai limbah Mocaf masih berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan baku produk tinggi serat seperti cone es krim, roti tawar, dan cookies.

 

(modified cassava flour) from sweet and bitter cassava varieties

Mocaf (Modified Cassava Flour) can be made from various varieties of cassava with various duration of fermentation. The by-product of Mocaf, a component that does not pass 100-mesh sieve, is called “Sera”. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different cassava varieties (Cimanggu and Kaspro) and duration of fermentation (0, 12, and 24 h) on the physicochemical properties of Mocaf sera. The experimental design used in this study was Randomized Block Design with 2 factors, namely cassava varieties and fermentation duration. Parameters observed included physical and chemical properties, i.e. whiteness, bulk density, proximate crude fiber and hemicellulose-cellulose content. The results showed that the characteristics of sera Mocaf from Cimanggu and Kaspro varieties were as follows: 84.61-86.05% whiteness, bulk density of 0.58-0.75 g /mL, moisture content of 11.79-13.73%, ash content of 0.61-2.68%, protein content of 1.31-2.34%, fat content of 1.50-2.14%, crude fiber content of 18.11-22.76%, hemicellulose content of 29.20-34.21%, and cellulose content of 18.47-21.89%. Sera as the waste of Mocaf processing had potential to be utilized as raw material for high fiber products such as ice cream cone, bread, and cookies.
KARAKTERISTIK SOHUN PATI AREN – KENTANG HITAM DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK UMBI BIT, DAUN SUJI, DAN KUNYIT
Authors: Herawati Ervika Rahayu Novita , Ariani Dini , Miftakhussolikhah NFN , Laila Fela , Pranoto Yudi
Published: May 2020

Sohun pati aren kentang hitam merupakan sumber karbohidrat alternatif yang dibuat dari 75% pati aren dan 25 % tepung umbi kentang hitam, dengan karakteristik warna hitam kecoklatan sehingga perlu penambahan zat warna alami untuk memperbaiki kenampakan produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik produk dengan penambahan pewarnaan alami, yaitu ekstrak umbi bit, kunyit, dan daun suji. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat 5 variasi penambahan ekstrak, yaitu 0,4; 0,6; 0,8; 1,0 dan 1,2 g daun suji atau umbi bit/mL air, sedangkan ekstrak kunyit ditambahkan sebanyak 0,06; 0,12; 0,18; 0,24; dan 0,30 g kunyit/mL air. Analisis sifat fisik meliputi kuat patah, tensile strength, elongasi dan warna sohun, sedangkan analisis sensoris yaitu uji kesukaan dengan atribut warna, aroma, rasa, dan kesukaan keseluruhan. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa semakin banyak ekstrak umbi bit, daun suji, dan kunyit yang ditambahkan dalam sohun aren-kentang hitam akan menurunkan kuat patah, tensile strength, engolasi, dan kecerahan sohun. Sohun aren-kentang hitam dengan penambahan ekstrak daun suji dari 0,4 g daun suji / ml air memiliki sifat fisik dan sensoris yang paling baik.

 

CHARACTERISTIC OF COLEUS ROTUNDIFOLIUS-ARENGA STARCH NOODLE WITH ADDITION EXTRACT FROM BEETROOT, SUJI LEAF, AND TURMERIC

Coleus rotundifolius arenga starch noodle is an alternative carbohydrate source made from 75% arenga starch and 25% C.rotundifolius tuber flour which has a brownish-black color, so the addition of natural coloring agents is needed to fix its physical appearance. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristic of C.rotundifolius arenga starch noodle with addition of natural color, including beetroot, suji leaf, and turmeric extract. The noodle made with five variations concentration 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0; and 1.2 g of suji leaf or beetroot/ml water, and 0.06; 0.12; 0.18; 0.24; and 0.30 g turmeric/ml water. Physical properties analyzed are compression strength, tensile strength, elongation percentage and color. Sensory properties analyzed are hedonic scoring of color, odor, taste, and overall. The results showed that the higher concentration of beetroot extract, suji leaf extract, and turmeric extract decreased the compression strength, tensile strength, elongation percentage and brightness properties of starch noodle. The best noodle quality is reached with the addition of suji leaf extract from 0.4 g suji leaf /mL water.
OPTIMASI PEMBUATAN MI DARI TEPUNG JAGUNG PRAGELATINISASI
Authors: Aini Nur , Sustriawan Budi , Masrukhi NFN
Published: May 2020

Pragelatinisasi merupakan metode modifikasi yang dapat diterapkan untuk tepung jagung sehingga diharapkan dapat mempermudah pada proses pembuatan mi. Suhu gelatinisasi berbeda-beda bagi tiap jenis pati, dan untuk mencapai suju gelatinisasi tersebut tiap bahan memerlukan waktu yang berbeda. Setiap bahan juga membutuhkan penambhan air yang tepat agar dapat mengalam gelatinisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mempelajari kombinasi wkatu dan suhu pemasakan serta jumlah air yang ditambhakan untuk suspensi tepung jagung pragelatinisasi yang mempunyai respon maksimum terhadap kadar karbohidrat, kadar pengembangan dan tingkat penerimaan mi jagung; (2) mengetahui karakter fisiokimia dan organoleptik mi jagung pada formula optimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ondisi pragelatinisasi optimal pada tepung jagung untuk pembuatan mi adalah selama pemasakan 7 menit waktu pemasakan, suhu 71C dan volume air 13% b/v. Mi jagung formula optimal memiliki kadar air 62,61%; kadar abu 0,322% bb; kadar lemak 1,37% bb; kadar protein total 4,18% bb; kadar karbohidrat 31,51% bb; daya pengembangan mi 16,67%; warna 2,5 9kuning keputihan); aroma 3,9 (tidak khas tepung); tekstur (2,5) (agak kenyal); rasa 2,6 (agak gurih); dan tingkat kesukaan keseluruhan 2,8 (suka). mi jagung ini masih memerlukan perbaikan proses untuk menurunkan kadar air yang tinggi, supaya memenuhi SNI 01-2987-1992.

 

Pragelatinization is a modification method that can be applied for corn flour so that it can simplify the application for noodles. The temperature of gelatinization varies for each type of starch, and to reach the gelatinization temperature each ingredient needs different time. Each ingredient also needs the precise amount of water to get gelatinization. The object of this research are (1) to study the combination of cooking time and temperature and the amount of water needed for the suspension of pragelatinized corn flour which has a maximum response to carbohydrate levels, swelling power and preference of corn noodles; (2) to study the physicochemical and sensory characters of corn noodles in the optimal formula. The results showed that the optimal pregelatinization condition in corn flour for the production of noodles was during 7 minutes cooking time, temperature 71oC and volume of water 13% b / v. The optimal formula for corn noodles has a water content of 62.61%; ash content 0.322% bb; fat content 1.37% bb; total protein content 4.18% bb; carbohydrate levels 31.51% bb; power of development of noodles 16.67%; color 2.5 (whitish yellow); aroma 3,9 (not typical flour); texture 2.5 (slightly springy); flavor 2,6 (rather umami); and preference level 2.8. The corn noodles still need to improve the process to reduce the high water content so that they have not fulfilled Indonesian Nasional Standard 01-2987-1992.
Espiritualidad y consumo de alcohol en Alcohólicos Anónimos, una revisión sistemática
Authors: Rodríguez Puente Linda Azucena , Navarro Oliva Edna Idalia Paulina , Leija Mendoza Alejandra , Martínez Amaro José Martín , Pacheco Pérez Luis Arturo , Alonso Castillo María Magdalena
Published: May 2020

La espiritualidad juega un rol muy importante y actúa como factor protector del consumo de alcohol y se ha observado que favorece en el tratamiento de recuperación, en el mantenimiento de la abstinencia y en el manejo del deseo intenso de consumir alcohol. Objetivo. Identificar el estado del arte de la espiritualidad y las posibles relaciones con el consumo de alcohol en Alcohólicos Anónimos (AA). Método. Siguieron los pasos propuestos por el Manual Cochrane. Como estrategia de búsqueda se incluyeron los descriptores DeCS y Mesh en todas las combinaciones posibles, así como truncadores y operadores boléanos en el título y el resumen: Spirituality AND Alcohol Consumption AND Alcoholics Anomynous. Resultados. Se identificó que la espiritualidad y los cambios positivos en ella predicen de manera positiva el porcentaje de días de abstinencia y de forma negativa la cantidad de bebidas por día de consumo, así mismo, las prácticas espirituales como el perdón se asocian significativamente con la reducción en el consumo de alcohol. Conclusiones. El programa de AA incrementa la espiritualidad y esta a su vez predice el consumo de alcohol en los integrantes de AA.
Factores de Riesgo para el Consumo de Alcohol y Drogas en Estudiantes de Bachillerato en Nayarit, México
Authors: Figueroa Varela María del Rocío , Lira-Renteria Sinahi Getzemany , González-Betanzos Fabiola
Published: May 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar factores de riesgo asociados al consumo de alcohol y drogas en adolescentes de un bachillerato en Tepic, Nayarit, adscrito a la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo transversal, no experimental, con un diseño de tipo correlacional. Para los participantes se empleó una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia, la cual estuvo conformada por 292 alumnos entre 15 y 19 años (M = 17; DT =1.11). Para medir las variables de factores de riesgo y consumo de alcohol se utilizó una versión adaptada del test DUSI (Drug Use Screening Inventory). Los resultados mostraron un Alfa de Cronbach del .92 para el instrumento; el alcohol y tabaco son las sustancias con mayor prevalencia entre los jóvenes, así como la marihuana. Se detecta que el 8.24% de los jóvenes ya tiene problemas de dependencia, así como los problemas conductuales especialmente en los hombres. Entre los factores de riesgo que tienen más influencia en el consumo de alcohol y drogas destacan relaciones sociales inadecuadas y las relaciones familiares disfuncionales.
Análisis psicométrico del cuestionario de afrontamiento en familiares venezolanos de usuarios de drogas
Authors: Guarin Celibeth Del Carmen , Ulloa María De los Angeles , Lopez Guerra Victor Manuel , Yáber Oltra Guillermo Enrique
Published: May 2020

Una estimación en Venezuela sugiere que alrededor del 5% de su población son usuarios de drogas, por lo que la asistencia a ellos y sus familiares es de importancia en la política pública. Objetivo. Por este motivo, se evaluaron las propiedades psicométricas de la versión mexicana del Cuestionario de Afrontamiento (CQ) en Venezuela, con familiares de usuarios de drogas. Método. Trescientos familiares, con edades entre 18 y 72 años, respondieron el cuestionario en un estudio observacional, transversal, de campo y psicométrico. El instrumento resultante incluye 23 reactivos que miden las estrategias de Afrontamiento Comprometido e Independiente. Resultados. El análisis factorial confirmatorio evidenció la presencia de dos factores con adecuada consistencia interna, Afrontamiento Comprometido (α=0.88) y Afrontamiento Independiente (α=0.75), mientras que la del instrumento total fue (α=0.86). Los resultados muestran que entre más cercano sea el vínculo del familiar o ascendente (madre/padre) con el usuario de drogas, mayor será su puntaje obtenido en la dimensión Comprometido. Además, cuando los familiares reciben algún tipo de apoyo como grupos de ayuda, existe la tendencia de puntuar más alto en la dimensión Independiente. Conclusión. El instrumento adaptado a Venezuela es confiable, válido y de fácil aplicación. Será de utilidad para medir estrategias de afrontamiento y generar estrategias de intervención.
Evaluation of gastric polyps in patients with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
Authors: zheng lie , wen xinli , Dai Yan-Cheng , QianTu Xiao-Xiao , He Hai-Feng , Zhang Ya-Li Zhang Ya-Li
Published: May 2020

Background: According to the study population, incidence of gastric polyps (GPs) varies from 0.33% to 6.7% in various studies. Most GPs consist of hyperplastic polyps (HPs), fundic gland polyps (FGPs), and adenomatous polyps (APs). Despite the high malignant APs potential, sporadic FGPs has no malignant potential. On the contrary, HPs has a lower risk of potential harm. It is not sufficient to perform biopsies to determine the presence of polyp types and displacements, therefore, some polyps may require extensive biopsy or complete resection. Methods: This retrospective study included GPs patients or polyphenic lesions with polyps or malignant histology found in polyps or gastroscopy at the Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2017 to 2019.Results: In a series of 10.000 upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, 384 patients (3.84%) were found to have GPs. Of these patients, 98 (25.5) were male and 286(74.5) were female. The average age of the patients was 62.8±10.4 (36-75) years. HPs, APs and FGPs frequencies were 88.5%, 5.2% and 2.1%, respectively. The polyp size of 274 (71.3%) patients was ≤ 1 cm. Polyp was identified in 262 (68.2%) patients. The most common polyps are the antrum and the corpus. Endoscopic mucosal resection was performed on 128 patients. Bleeding events have been observed and endoscopic treatment is required after ESP.Conclusion: In current study, GPs frequency was low (3.84%), and HP frequency may be high due to high frequency of Helicobacter pylori (HPy) infection in China. Due to the high frequency of HPy infection and the short-term use of proton pump use, FGP frequency may be low.
Analysis of QTL for Grain size in a Rice Chromosome Segment Substitution Line Z1392 with Long Grains and Fine Mapping of qGL-6
Authors: Zhang Ting , Wang Shiming , Sun Shuangfei , Zhang Yi , Li Juan , You Jing , Su Tian , Chen Wenbo , Ling Yinghua , He Guanghua , Zhao Fangming
Published: May 2020

Background: Grain size affects not only rice yield but is also an important element in quality of appearance. However, the mechanism for inheritance of grain size is unclear. Results: A rice chromosome segment substitution line Z1392, which harbors three substitution segments and produces grains of increased length, was identified. The three chromosome segments were located on chromosomes 1, 5, and 6, and the average length of the substitution segment was 3.17 Mb. Cytological analysis indicates that the predominant cause of increased grain length in Z1392 could be cell expansion in the glumes. Seven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for grain size related traits were identified using the secondary F2 population produced by Nipponbare/Z1392. The inheritance of grain length in Z1392 was mainly controlled by two major QTLs, qGL-5 and qGL-6. qGL-6 was localized on a 1.26 Mb region on chromosome 6, and OsARF19 may be its candidate gene. Based on QTL mapping, three single-segment substitution lines (S1, S2, and S3) and two double-segment substitution lines (D1 and D2) were selected, and the mapping accuracy for qGL-5 and qGL-6 was further verified using three single-segment substitution lines. Analysis of QTL additive and epistatic effects revealed that the additive effect of alleles qGL-5 and qGL-6 from ‘Xihui 18’ was estimated to increase grain length of Z1392 by 0.22 and 0.15 mm, respectively. In addition, a positive epistatic interaction between qGL-5 and qGL-6 was detected, which indicates that the pyramiding of qGL-5 and qGL-6 for grain length produces a novel genotype with longer grains. Conclusions: Inheritance of grain length in the triple-segment substitution line Z1392 is mainly controlled by two major QTLs, qGL-5 and qGL-6. qGL-6 was found to be located in a 1.26 Mb region on chromosome 6, and OsARF19 may be its candidate gene. A positive epistatic interaction between qGL-5 and qGL-6 results in longer grains. The present results can be used to facilitate cloning of the qGL-5 and qGL-6 genes and contribute to improvement of grain yield in rice.
Nurse-led continuum of care for people with diabetes and pre-diabetes in Nepal (NUCOD): study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Dong (Roman) , Dev Rubee , Shrestha Abha , Zhang Lingling , Shrestha Archana , Shakya Pushpanjali , Hughes James , Shakya Prabin , Li Jinghua , Liao Jing , Karmacharya Biraj
Published: May 2020

Background: The purpose of this study will be to improve diabetes prevention, access to care and advocacy through a novel cost-effective nurse-led continuum of care approach that incorporates diabetes prevention, awareness, screening and management for low-income settings, and furthermore utilizes the endeavor to advocate for establishing standard diabetes program in Nepal.Methods: We will conduct a two-arm, parallel group, stratified cluster randomized controlled trial of a NUrse-led COntinuum of care for people with Diabetes (N1=200) and pre-diabetes (N2=1036) (NUCOD), with primary care centers (9 Outreach Centers and 17 Government Health Posts) as a unit of randomization. NUCOD will be delivered through the trained diabetes nurses in the community to the intervention group and the outcomes will be compared to the usual treatment group at 6 and 12 months of the intervention. The primary outcome will be change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level among diabetes and progression to type 2 diabetes among prediabetes, and implementation outcomes measured using the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) framework. Outcomes will be analyzed on an intention to treat basis.Discussion: The results of this trial will provide information about the effectiveness of the NUCOD program in improving clinical outcomes for diabetes and prediabetes individuals, and implementation outcomes for the organization. The continuum of care model can be used for the prevention and management of diabetes and other non-communicable diseases within and beyond Nepal with similar context.Trial registration: This study was registered in a clinical trials registry via ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04131257) on 18 October 2019. URL: https://bit.ly/34qwIAd
Identifying clinical factors associated with Fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children
Authors: ling yaoyao , Zhang Tongqiang , guo wei , Zhu Zhenli , Tian Jiao , Cai Chunquan , xu yongsheng
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND: Analyze the clinical characteristics of Fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (FMPP), and identify the related factors predicting FMPP.METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was performed on 345 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) hospitalized in our hospital from January 2017 to June 2019. The clinical features, laboratory data and radiological findings were compared between the FMPP group, refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP)group and general Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (GMPP) group. RESULTS: FMPP patients (n=69) had a higher incidence of extra-pulmonary complications and more serious radiological findings(P<0.05), besides the days of fever and the days in the hospitals were longer. FMPP patients also need more complicated treatments(P<0.05). Meanwhile, the levels of white blood cell count(WBC), C-reactive protein(CRP), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin (IL)-6, ferritin, D-dimer, fibrinogen(FG), alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and the percentage of neutrophils in the FMPP group were significantly higher than those in the RMPP group and the GMPP group (P<0.05). In ROC curve analysis, the percentage of neutrophils, WBC, CRP, LDH, IL-6, ferritin, D-dimer and ALT were contributed to identify FMPP patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ferritin>174.15 ng/mL, IL-6>25.475pg/ml and pleural effusion have significant predictive effects on the early diagnosis of FMPP (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: FMPP patients presented more serious clinical manifestations. Ferritin>174.15 ng/mL, IL-6>25.475pg/ml and pleural effusion were clinical factors for FMPP.
Equality and Poverty: Views From Managers and Professionals From Public Services and Household Heads in the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area, Brazil
Authors: FRANÇA VIVIANE HELENA , Modena Celina Maria , Confalonieri Ulisses Eugenio Cavalcanti
Published: May 2020

Background: Tackling poverty requires reconsideration of quantitative factors related to "who" is poor and by "how much” and qualitative factors addressing "what poverty means in these individuals’ lives". Greater understanding is required concerning the types of access actually used by families in poverty in attempts to meet their basic needs. Poverty must be addressed based on the question: “Inequality of what?” It is in reflecting on the realities of such groups when their basic needs are not met that public policies can be improved and implemented with legitimate priorities. Objective: Describe coverage and access to public health, education and social assistance services and the related effects on the quality of life of families in extreme poverty.Methods: An exploratory mixed methods study was performed applying Amartya Sen's “basic capability equality” framework, with: 1) 27 interviews with managers and professionals from public services serving territories with extreme poverty; 2) Survey with a systematic proportionate stratified sample of 336 heads of households in extreme poverty, from a total 2,605 families. The resulting data was analyzed with thematic content analysis and descriptive statistics, respectively.Results: The managers and professionals described the lives of families in extreme poverty with phrases such as, “These people suffer. Sadness weighs on their lives!” and “Depression is the most common illness”. Their precarious circumstances and inadequate access were cited as causes. Quality of life was considered bad or very bad by 41.4% of heads of households. A total income of less than 1/3 of the minimum wage was received by 56.9%. One or more people were unemployed in the family in 55.8% of cases. For 53.3%, public services “did not meet any or few of their needs”. The main social determinants of health were described as: Alcohol and drugs 68.8%; Lack of good health care 60.7%; Absence of income/work 37.5%. The following were identified as solutions to improve their quality of life: 1 - Health 40.5%; 2 - Education 37.8%; 3 - Employment 44.6%.Conclusions: The social determinants of poverty and health must be addressed jointly through intersectoral public policies and egalitarian mechanisms that promote investment in social protection.
Sensory Processing Patterns affect Headache Severity among Adolescents with Migraine
Authors: Genizi Jacob , Halevy Ayelet , Schertz Mitchell , Osman Khaled , Assaf Nurit , Segal Idan , Sr Isaac , Kessel Aharon , Engel-Yeger Batya
Published: May 2020

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between pain catastrophizing level, sensory processing patterns, and headache severity among adolescents with episodic migraine. Background: Catastrophizing about pain is a critical variable in how we understand adjustment to pain and has a unique contribution in predicting pain intensity. Recent reports found that migraine is also related to enhanced sensory sensitivity. However, the relationship between pain severity, pain catastrophizing level and sensory sensitivity requires greater study especially among adolescents. Methods: Participants were 92 adolescents aged 13-18 years, 40 with episodic migraine and 52 healthy controls. The migraine patients were prospectively recruited from outpatient pediatric neurology clinics. All participants completed the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP), and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale for children (PCS-ch). The migraine groups also completed the PedMIDAS, which measures Headache related disability. Results: Adolescents with migraine had significantly lower tendency to seek sensory input than healthy controls. Elevated rumination and helplessness correlated with higher migraine pain severity. Tendency to avoid sensory input predicted the migraine related disability level. They also significantly higher pain catastrophizing level than healthy controls, as seen in enhanced rumination (p ≤ 0.001) and helplessness (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Sensory processing difficulties are common among adolescents with episodic migraine. Sensory avoidance may be related to pain experience, and pain catastrophizing and disability level.
Expression of FAM83H and ZNF16 are associated with shorter survival of patients with gallbladder carcinoma
Authors: Ahn Sung Woo , Ahn Ae-Ri , Ha Sang Hoon , Hussein Usama Khamis , Yang Jae Do , Kim Kyoung Min , Park Ho Sung , Park See-Hyoung , Yu Hee Chul , Jang Kyu Yun
Published: May 2020

Background Recently, FAM83H was reported to have roles in cancer progression in conjunction with oncogenic molecules such as MYC and b-catenin. Moreover, the data from the public database indicates a molecular relationship between FAM83H and zinc finger proteins, especially between FAM83H and ZNF16. However, studies on FAM83H and ZNF16 in gallbladder cancer have been limited. Methods This study investigated the expression of FAM83H and ZNF16 in 105 gallbladder carcinomas. Results In human gallbladder carcinomas, immunohistochemical expression of FAM83H was significantly associated with ZNF16 expression. In univariate analysis, nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of FAM83H or ZNF16 were significantly associated with shorter survival of gallbladder carcinoma patients. Multivariate analysis revealed the nuclear expression of FAM83H as an independent indicator of poor prognosis of overall survival ( p = 0.005) and relapse-free survival ( p = 0.005) of gallbladder carcinoma patients. Moreover, co-expression patterns of nuclear FAM83H and ZNF16 were also independent indicators of shorter survival of gallbladder carcinoma patients (overall survival; p < 0.001, relapse-free survival; p < 0.001). Conclusions This study suggests FAM83H and ZNF16 are associated with the progression of gallbladder carcinoma, and the expressions of FAM83H and ZNF16 might be novel prognostic indicators of gallbladder carcinoma patients.
Trends of Caesarean Section Deliveries in Pakistan: Secondary Data Analysis from Demographic and Health Surveys, 1990-2018
Authors: Amjad Aaisha , Imran Abeeha , Shahram Nabeeha , Zakar Rubeena , Usman Ahmad , Zakar Muhammad Zakria , Fischer Florian
Published: May 2020

Background Pakistan is amongst those countries where the number of caesarean section births has unusually increased in the past two decades. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyse the trend of caesarean section deliveries among child-bearing women (aged 15–49 years) in Pakistan and to identify maternal socio-demographic factors and pregnancy related variables associated with the change in caesarean deliveries from 1990 to 2018.Methods Secondary data from Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (1990–2018) were analysed. The analysis of data was confined to the child-bearing mothers. Sample sizes were 4,029, 5,721, 7,461 and 8,287 for the time period of 1990–91, 2006–07, 2012–13, and 2017–18, respectively. For the present study, socio-demographic information of the mothers and pregnancy related variables were taken as independent variables. The association between independent variables and caesarean deliveries was measured in terms of unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR).Results Out of the mothers who had at least one delivery during the five years prior to each survey, the percentages of the mothers who had caesarean deliveries increased continuously from 3.2% in 1990–91 to 19.6% in 2017–18. Results indicate that mothers above 24 years of age, located in Punjab, from the richest socio-economic class, and living in urban areas were more likely to have delivered by caesarean section. Mothers with first child in birth order and who had five and above children, as well as mothers who had more antenatal care visits and delivered babies in private hospitals showed a higher probability for caesarean section births.Conclusions The findings of the present study confirm the gradual upsurge in the percentage of mothers delivering through caesarean section during the past two decades in Pakistan. In this backdrop, some measures need to be taken by health departments to regulate the number of caesarean deliveries. Awareness among women about pregnancy complications and elaborated details by gynaecologists about the medically indicated reasons of caesarean delivery are a few important steps that can help in reducing not medically indicated caesarean deliveries in Pakistan.
Systemic and local diseases associated with the development of diabetic macular edema among Japanese patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kume Atuki , Kashiwagi Kenji
Published: May 2020

Background
Diabetic macular edema (DME) causes severe vision loss among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to investigate systemic and local diseases associated with the development of DME among a Japanese population.
Methods
A total of 3.11 million Japanese subjects who were registered in the database of the Japan Medical Data Center from 2005 to 2014 were analyzed. Subjects with DM were defined as individuals who had been prescribed any therapeutic medications for DM, and associated diseases were analyzed. The periods analyzed were one year before the development of DME among patients with DME and one year before the last visit to an ophthalmic clinic among patients without DME.
Results
A total of 17,403 patients with DM satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 420 patients developed DME. Univariate analysis revealed significant associations between 55 diseases, including 39 systemic and 16 local diseases, and DME development. The logistic analysis identified 21 systemic diseases and 10 local diseases as significant factors associated with DME development. Various types of systemic and local diseases were associated with DME development.
Conclusion
Subjects with DM who present these risk factors must be carefully monitored to prevent visual impairment.
Optimize Outpatient Pharmacy Service Process: Shorten Waiting Time and Improve Patient Satisfaction
Authors: He Wenqiong , Xu Qian , Yang Jiayong , Liu Feng
Published: May 2020

Background: To provide scientific decision-making basis for managers to improve management methods, so about make outpatient pharmacy service flow smoother and more efficient, shorten the waiting time for patients to take medicine and improve patient satisfaction.Methods: Based on the concept of BI, the existing data onto outpatient pharmacy in our hospital were analyzed in depth, and the time distribution rule of prescription dispensing was found. By real-time analysis of the number of patients in the upstream link to the medication withdrawal step, the early warning of the number of patients was realized. Regularity and real-time early warning of the number of medicines users should establish a flexible and efficient scheduling system for pharmacists, so about maximize the use efficiency of human resources in outpatient pharmacies. Mean while, rearranged the medicines shelves according to the relevancy analysis of medicines in the same prescription, to reduce the walking distance of staff.Results: Based on the optimization of outpatient service process of large data, the waiting time for patients to take medicine was shortened from more than 15 minutes to less than 10 minutes, satisfaction increased from less than 65% to more than 85%, and the use of personnel was maximized.Conclusions: Through in-depth analysis and deep excavation of the real-time monitoring of outpatient prescription volume, managers can improve the outpatient service process, and through the monitoring and early warning of outpatient prescription volume, employees can be arranged, which is helpful to realize the digital, refined and intelligent management of the hospital.
Clinically Relevant Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula rates in two methods of pancreatico-jejunal anastomosis compared: Evolution of surgical technique in a single centre over time
Authors: Zurleni Tommaso , Olmetti Simone , Marzoli Luca , Zurleni Francesco
Published: May 2020

Background:Pancreaticoduodenectomy remains the gold standard for management of patients with pancreatic head and periampullary neoplasms. Despite the low mortality, overall morbidity remains high, principally due to the development of a clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF).The aim of the present study is to compare rates of CR-POPF in two groups of patients treated with two different pancreaticojejunostomy techniques. Methods:Among 264 consecutive patients submitted to surgery for pancreatic neoplasm, 142 pancreaticoduodenectomies with end-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy were analysed. The first group of patients underwent a direct mucosa-to-mucosa anastomosis as described by Longmire and Traverso. In the second group, a duct-to-mucosa anastomosis with an outer seromuscolar and inner full thickness layer as described by Z’graggen, Shrikhande and Buchler was performed. Results:Mortality was 2,8% in the first group (2/71) and zero in the second. In group 1°, 48.5% of patients suffered one or more grade II-V Clavien-Dindo complications; in group 2°, complications were observed in 26,7% of patients. Clinically relevant POPF occurred in 12 patients in group 1° (17%) and in 4 patients in group 2° (5,6%). Conclusions:Changing pancreaticojejunostomy techniques may produce different outcomes. In our experience, a standardized duct-to-mucosa anastomosis, as performed in group 2, significantly reduced the rate of CR-POPF.
Health status, lifestyle habits, and perceived social support in long-term cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study
Authors: León-Salas Beatriz , Zabaleta-del-Olmo Edurne , LLobera Joan , Bolíbar-Ribas Bonaventura , López-Jiménez Tomas , Casajuana-Closas Marc , Cantó Magdalena Esteva
Published: May 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare health status, lifestyle habits, and perceived social support between cancer survivors and people who have never had cancer. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional multicenter study nested in phases II and III of the cluster randomized clinical trial ERIA, designed to analyze the effects of a complex primary care intervention compared with care as usual on smoking cessation, improved adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and increased physical activity. For the cross-sectional study, patients were divided into two groups: cancer survivors and people who had never had cancer (controls). Thirty eight Primary care centers Spanish provinces of Barcelona, Girona, Balearic Islands, Malaga, Seville, Salamanca, Soria, Toledo, Vigo, Vizcaya, and Zaragoza. Adults aged between 45 and 75 years with at least two risk behaviors. Patients being treated for active cancer or in end-of-life care were excluded.Primary outcomes: Sociodemographic variables, diet, physical activity, smoking, body mass index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and self-perceived health and social support.Results: Of the 4259 people included, 190 (4.46%) were cancer survivors. Their mean±SD age was 62.8±7 years versus 58.7±8 years (P<0.01) for people who had never had cancer. Long-term sick leave was also more common in this group (11.9% vs 3.5%, P<0.001). No between-group differences were observed for smoking, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical activity, obesity, or perceived social support. Cancer survivors reported worse health (OR 1.82; IC95% 1.02–2.75) and were more likely to have two or more comorbid conditions (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.18–2.39), chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (OR 2.17; 95% CI 1.25–3.78), and depression (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.06–2.57). In the multiple regression analysis, older age and worse self-perceived health continued to be significantly associated with having survived cancer.Conclusions: Cancer survivors have more chronic diseases, a greater likelihood of being on long-term sick leave, and worse self-perceived health than people without a history of cancer, regardless of age. The two groups perceived similar levels of social support.
Postoperative cognitive recovery in children after both general and locoregional anesthesia and surgery
Authors: Hammoumi Jalal El , Dahchour Abdelkader , Chhiti Elmehdi , Benlamkadem Saïd , Berdai Mohamed-Adnane , Harandou Mustapha , Boujraf Saïd
Published: May 2020

Background and objectivesRecent researches have demonstrated that there is a progressive impairment in neurocognitive function following general anesthesia and surgery, and particularly, have evidenced that anesthetics impaired mechanisms of learning and memory, for days to months, in both adults and children.This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different types of anesthesia (General or Locoregional) on cognitive recovery by trial and error method, and also take into consideration other factors that would have an impact on the cognitive performance after anesthesia and surgery in children.MethodsIn the present cross-sectional study, 64 young children, aged between 10 and 15 years, have passed the CALM test (software based on trial and error method) 24h after their surgery, and the operating file filled by the anesthetist. The statistical analysis includes a descriptive part of our sample, a univariate, and multivariate analysis of the results of the CALM test and the various medical factors and lifestyles.Results and conclusionsThe cognitive performance of patients exposed to locoregional anesthesia (81.3%) was higher (p=0.01) when compared to patients under general anesthesia (34.4%). Both agitation (Neurological state) and postoperative pain significantly (p=0.02) altered the cognitive performance of patients. However, none of the other factors assessed such as gender, environmental living, schooling, pre-anesthetic consultation, and the type of intervention affects the postoperative cognitive performance of patients.Locoregional anesthesia has less effect on cognitive recovery when compared to general anesthesia. Both the postoperative pain and agitation alter cognitive performances of operated children.
Forsythoside B attenuates memory impairment and neuroinflammation via inhibition on NF-κB signaling in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kong Fan’ge , Jiang Xue , Wang Ruochen , Zhai Siyu , Zhang Yizhi , Wang Di
Published: May 2020

BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a type of progressive neurodegenerative disease related to neuroinflammation. Forsythoside B (FTS•B), a phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from plants, has been reported to exert various pharmacological effects. However, the neuroprotection of FTS•B related to neuroinflammation has not been systemically reported.MethodsIn amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) mice, behavioral tests including Morris water maze, Y maze and open field experiment were used to examine the cognitive function. Immunohistochemistry were used to analyze amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, Tau protein phosphorylation, the levels of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1). Remarkably changed proteins related to neuroinflammation were filtered via proteomics and verified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot. Besides, BV-2 cells and HT22 cells were used to confirm the anti-neuroinflammation of FTS·B.ResultsFTS·B counteracted cognitive decline, ameliorated Aβ deposition and Tau protein phosphorylation, attenuated microglia and astrocytes activation in the cortex and/or hippocampus. Furthermore, FTS·B affected vital signaling, particularly by decreasing the activation of JNK-interacting protein 3/C-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JIP3/JNK) and suppressing WD-repeat and FYVE-domain-containing protein 1/toll-like receptor 3 (WDFY1/TLR3), further suppressing the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. In BV-2 and HT22 cells, FTS·B prevented lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation and reduced the microglia-mediated neurotoxicity.ConclusionsFTS·B counteracted cognitive decline by triggering neurogenesis via signaling associated with inflammation, suggesting the promising therapeutic effects of FTS·B on AD treatment.# The two authors contribute equally to the project
Deceased donor kidney allocation : an economic evaluation of contemporary longevity matching practices
Authors: Senanayake Sameera , Graves Nicholas , Healy Helen , Baboolal Keshwar , Barnett Adrian , Sypek Matthew P. , Kularatna Sanjeewa
Published: May 2020

Background: Matching survival of a donor kidney with that of the recipient (longevity matching), is use in some kidney allocation systems to maximize graft-life years. It is not part of the allocation algorithm for Australia. Given the growing evidence of survival benefit due to longevity matching based allocation algorithms, development of a similar kidney allocation system for Australia is currently underway. The aim of this research is to estimate the impact that changes to costs and health outcomes arising from ‘longevity matching’ on the Australian healthcare system. Methods: A decision analytic model to estimate cost-effectiveness was developed using a Markov process. Four plausible competing allocation options were compared to the current kidney allocation practice. Models were simulated in one-year cycles for a 20-year time horizon, with transitions through distinct health states relevant to the kidney recipient. Willingness to pay was considered as AUD 28000. Results: Base case analysis indicated that allocating the worst 20% of Kidney Donor Risk Index (KDRI) donor kidneys to the worst 20% of estimated post-transplant survival (EPTS) recipients (option 2) and allocating the oldest 25% of donor kidneys to the oldest 25% of recipients are both cost saving and more effective compared to the current Australian allocation practice. Option 2, returned the lowest costs, greatest health benefits and largest gain to net monetary benefits (NMB). Allocating the best 20% of KDRI donor kidneys to the best 20% of EPTS recipients had the lowest expected incremental NMB. Conclusion: Of the four longevity-based kidney allocation practices considered, transplanting the lowest quality kidneys to the worst kidney recipients (option 2), was estimated to return the best value for money for the Australian health system.
Microglial and peripheral immune priming is partially sexually dimorphic in adolescent mouse offspring exposed to maternal high-fat diet
Authors: Bordeleau Maude , Lacabanne Chloé , de Cossío Lourdes Fernández , Vernoux Nathalie , Savage Julie C. , González-Ibáñez Fernando , Tremblay Marie-Eve
Published: May 2020

Background
Maternal nutrition is critical for proper fetal development. While increased nutrient intake is essential during pregnancy, an excessive consumption of certain nutrients, like fat, can lead to long-lasting detrimental consequences on the offspring. Animal work investigating the consequences of maternal high-fat diet (mHFD) revealed in the offspring a maternal immune activation (MIA) phenotype associated with increased inflammatory signals. This inflammation was proposed as one of the mechanisms causing neuronal circuit dysfunction, notably in the hippocampus, by altering the brain-resident macrophages –microglia. However, the understanding of mechanisms linking inflammation and microglial activities to pathological brain development remains limited. We hypothesized that mHFD-induced inflammation could prime microglia by altering their specific gene expression signature, population density and/or functions.
Methods
We used an integrative approach combining molecular techniques, confocal and scanning electron microscopy, to investigate the effects of mHFD vs control diet on inflammatory priming, as well as microglial density, distribution, morphology, and ultrastructure in mice. These analyses were performed on the mothers, and/or their adolescent offspring at postnatal day (P) 30.
Results
Our study revealed that mHFD results in MIA defined by increased circulating levels of interleukin (IL)-6 in the mothers. This phenotype was associated with an exacerbated inflammatory response to peripheral lipopolysaccharide in mHFD-exposed offspring of both sexes. Microglial morphology was also altered and there were increased microglial interactions with astrocytes in the hippocampus CA1 of mHFD-exposed male offspring, as well as decreased microglia-associated extracellular space pockets in the same region of mHFD-exposed offspring of the two sexes. A decreased mRNA expression of the inflammatory-regulating cytokine Tgfb1 and microglial receptors Tmem119, Trem2 and Cx3cr1 was additionally measured in the hippocampus of mHFD-exposed offspring, especially in males.
Conclusions
Here, we described how dietary habits during pregnancy and nurturing, particularly the consumption of an enriched fat diet, can influence peripheral immune priming in the offspring. We also found that microglia are affected in terms of gene expression signature, morphology and interactions with the hippocampal parenchyma, in a partially sexually dimorphic manner, which may contribute to the adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes on the offspring.
Systolic blood pressure and all-cause mortality in normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes
Authors: Chen Chao-lei , Liu Lin , Huang Jia-yi , Yu Yu-ling , Lo Kenneth , Huang Yu-qing , Feng Ying-qing
Published: May 2020

Background The optimal blood pressure (BP) level for diabetic patients remains controversial, and population-based evidence on BP management for individuals with normoglycemia and prediabetes is insufficient. We aimed to investigate the associations between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and all-cause mortality among US adults with different glucose metabolism.Methods We used data from the 1999–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, n = 40,046) with comprehensive baseline examination and follow-up assessment. Restricted cubic spline was performed to examine dose-response relationship between continuous SBP and all-cause mortality. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios of all-cause mortality for SBP categories.Results Over 32,5450 person-years of follow-up (median 8.1 years), 4745 all-cause death (11.8%) were recorded, corresponding to an event rate of 14.58 per 1000 patient years. U-shaped associations between SBP and all-cause mortality were observed regardless of glucose status. The lowest mortality risk of optimal SBP (mmHg) by group was 115–120 (normoglycemia), 120–130 (prediabetes), and 125–135 (diabetes). Compared with the reference group, SBP < 100 mmHg was significantly associated with 49% (HR = 1.49, 95%CI: 1.13–1.96), 57% (1.57, 1.07–2.3), and 59% (1.59, 1.12–2.25) higher mortality risk in normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes, respectively. The multivariable-adjusted HRs of all-cause mortality for SBP of 150–159 mmHg and ≥ 160 mmHg were 1.35 (1.08–1.70) and 1.61 (1.31–1.98), 1.44 (1.13–1.83) and 1.66 (1.33–2.08), and 1.29 (1.02–1.65) and 1.37 (1.09–1.72), respectively.Conclusions U-shaped relationships between SBP and all-cause mortality existed regardless of diabetes status. The optimal SBP range for the lowest mortality was gradually higher with worsening glucose status.