bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prosthetic spacers in two-stage revision for knee periprosthetic joint infection achieve better function and similar infection control
Authors: Wu Baijian , Su Jinhui , Zhang Zhishuo , Zeng Jinyuan , Fang Xinyu , Li Wenbo , Zhang Wenming , Huang Zida
Published: June 2024

Aims

To explore the clinical efficacy of using two different types of articulating spacers in two-stage revision for chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection (kPJI).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of 50 chronic kPJI patients treated with two types of articulating spacers between January 2014 and March 2022 was conducted. The clinical outcomes and functional status of the different articulating spacers were compared. Overall, 17 patients were treated with prosthetic spacers (prosthetic group (PG)), and 33 patients were treated with cement spacers (cement group (CG)). The CG had a longer mean follow-up period (46.67 months (SD 26.61)) than the PG (24.82 months (SD 16.46); p = 0.001).

Results

Infection was eradicated in 45 patients overall (90%). The PG had a better knee range of motion (ROM) and Knee Society Score (KSS) after the first-stage revision (p = 0.004; p = 0.002), while both groups had similar ROMs and KSSs at the last follow-up (p = 0.136; p = 0.895). The KSS in the CG was significantly better at the last follow-up (p = 0.013), while a larger percentage (10 in 17, 58.82%) of patients in the PG chose to retain the spacer (p = 0.008).

Conclusion

Prosthetic spacers and cement spacers are both effective at treating chronic kPJI because they encourage infection control, and the former improved knee function status between stages. For some patients, prosthetic spacers may not require reimplantation.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(6):306–314.
RELATÓRIO DE SUSTENTABILIDADE: perfil de grandes empresas brasileiras segundo o padrão da Global Reporting Initiative
Authors: Agostini Cressoni Otávio , Carvalho De Benedicto Samuel , Henrique Vieira da Silva Luiz , Jacintho Bittencourt Josias , Roberta Sugahara Cibele
Published: June 2024

Estudos mostram que, atualmente, a sustentabilidade é uma das estratégias utilizadas por muitas organizações para efetivar a atividade fim. Para atender seus objetivos, as organizações precisam de instrumentos que divulguem suas ações sustentáveis. Nesse contexto, o relatório de sustentabilidade é uma importante ferramenta que indica os fatores sociais, econômicos e ambientais das organizações, com maior transparência. Considerado o principal instrumento de comunicação sobre desempenho sustentável, as diretrizes da Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) permitem às organizações externalizar suas ações nas dimensões ambiental, social e econômica. O objetivo deste trabalho é examinar relatórios de sustentabilidade de grandes empresas brasileiras a fim de verificar o perfil institucional segundo o padrão da Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) e, a partir dos respectivos parâmetros, realizar análise crítica das práticas sustentáveis. A pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, exploratória, documental e transversal. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam que, dentre os objetivos sustentáveis institucionalizados, muitos têm sido alcançados. No entanto, percebe-se que ainda há desafios a serem enfrentados pelas organizações, especialmente no que tange a dimensão ambiental, que constitui a base das relações sociais e econômicas.
La competencia digital y la agencia digital docente en la formación inicial del profesorado
Authors: Pérez Garcias Adolfina , Darder Mesquida Antònia , De-Benito Crosetti Bárbara , Negre-Bennasar Francisca
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. Este trabajo aborda el concepto de agencia digital docente, asociado al desarrollo de la competencia digital en la formación inicial del profesorado, con la finalidad de determinar en qué medida se favorece el desarrollo de la agencia del alumnado en los estudios de Grado de Maestro de Educación Primaria de la Universidad de las Islas Baleares y la relación existente entre esta y la autopercepción de la competencia digital docente (CDD) del alumnado de último curso. MÉTODO. Se ha realizado un estudio exploratorio, utilizando técnicas cuantitativas de recogida de información y un análisis de datos de tipo descriptivo e inferencial. Se aplica un cuestionario formado por dos instrumentos: el CACDD dirigido a valorar la autopercepción de la CDD y la escala AUS dirigida a valorar la agencia académica de los estudiantes universitarios. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran una autopercepción media-alta tanto de la agencia académica como de la CDD, sin diferencias entre género. Así mismo se observa una relación entre las variables agencia y CDD, especialmente en cuanto a la percepción de autoeficacia, los recursos para la participación, el apoyo del profesorado y el trato igualitario. DISCUSIÓN. Se concluye que promover la agencia digital docente en la formación inicial implica favorecer la participación y la apropiación del proceso de aprendizaje; el uso efectivo de la tecnología para su profesión; el trabajo a partir de métodos y experiencias que fomenten el rol activo del alumnado; y la mejora de la agencia.
Vídeos enriquecidos y aula invertida: multiplicadores del aprendizaje y la satisfacción durante un escape room en Educación Primaria
Authors: Argelagós Esther , López-Melendo María , Privado Jesús
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. No siempre el aprendizaje de las materias escolares resulta fácil o motivador para el alumnado de Educación Primaria, especialmente cuando ciertos saberes son un tanto abstractos o teóricos. Las metodologías activas y el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación pueden ayudar a aumentar la motivación y a promover un aprendizaje significativo y duradero para los discentes. MÉTODO. En este estudio, analizamos una situación de aprendizaje dedicada a trabajar aspectos del área de Lengua Castellana y Literatura en 5.º de Primaria (N=34). El enfoque utilizado respondía al aula invertida, puesto que el alumnado debía visualizar algunos contenidos en forma de vídeos antes de la situación de aprendizaje. Algunos vídeos estaban enriquecidos (de manera que había que responder algunas preguntas para seguir adelante con ellos) y otros no. La situación de aprendizaje se presentó en forma de escape room durante cinco sesiones. RESULTADOS. El alumnado perteneciente al grupo que había visualizado los vídeos enriquecidos obtuvo puntuaciones estadísticamente mayores que el alumnado perteneciente al grupo que había visualizado vídeos convencionales, en cuanto al aprendizaje de los saberes básicos del área y a la propia satisfacción sobre el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje llevado a cabo. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos, en referencia a las competencias digitales (CD) y a aspectos motivacionales, aunque sí se vio un aumento en la tendencia de la atribución a la suerte y una disminución de la atribución al profesorado, por parte del alumnado que había visualizado vídeos enriquecidos. DISCUSIÓN. Los vídeos enriquecidos ofrecidos dentro del aula invertida han ayudado a una mejor comprensión de los contenidos necesarios previos a las sesiones, produciendo mejores resultados de aprendizaje y obteniendo una mayor satisfacción en el alumnado. También como se esperaba, las CD del alumnado no han mejorado en este proceso, puesto que para ello se necesita una formación explícita, de acuerdo con las investigaciones recientes. Aunque los aspectos motivacionales y atribucionales necesitan futuras investigaciones, se analizan aspectos relacionados con sus implicaciones educativas para el aprendizaje.
Alumnos con trastorno del espectro autista: tabletas digitales y capacitación docente en prácticas basadas en la evidencia
Authors: Gómez León María Isabel
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. El número de aplicaciones diseñadas para los alumnos con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) ha aumentado notablemente, sin embargo, son escasas las revisiones que examinen la eficacia de su uso en las prácticas docentes. Para garantizar resultados eficaces y evitar resultados contraproducentes o potencialmente dañinos se ha destacado la importancia de incorporar en el diseño y uso de estas aplicaciones prácticas basadas en la evidencia. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los docentes afirma no haber recibido suficiente capacitación como para reconocer e implementar estas prácticas en el aula. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar qué prácticas basadas en la evidencia han utilizado las intervenciones con tabletas digitales que han mostrado su eficacia en el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas, socioemocionales, cognitivas y académicas en niños y adolescentes con TEA. MÉTODO. Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva en las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ERIC, IEEE Xplore y ACM Digital Library siguiendo los criterios establecidos en la declaración PRISMA. La selección final estuvo formada por 55 artículos seleccionados por la calidad de su evidencia (efectividad, confiabilidad y compromiso) y la capacidad para proporcionar datos concretos sobre el diseño y las prácticas instruccionales utilizadas. RESULTADOS. Se ha comprobado que las aplicaciones que han mostrado eficacia en el desarrollo de niños y adolescentes con TEA ofrecen una variedad de usos derivados directamente de prácticas instruccionales tradicionales basadas en la evidencia. DISCUSIÓN. Para garantizar resultados eficaces durante la instrucción del alumnado con TEA se recomienda proporcionar programas de capacitación más amplios que brinden a los maestros la oportunidad de: 1) practicar intervenciones tradicionales basadas en la evidencia en aulas inclusivas; 2) reconocer e implementar con fidelidad estas prácticas a través de la tecnología.
Diagnóstico del nivel de competencia digital autopercibido del profesorado universitario para la creación de contenidos: incidencia de la modalidad de enseñanza
Authors: Ferrando-Rodríguez María de Lourdes , Gabarda Méndez Vicente , Marín- Suelves Diana , Ramón-Llin Más Jesús
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. La tecnología y sus potencialidades han permitido dibujar nuevos escenarios formativos mediados, que, basándose en principios como la no presencialidad física o la comunicación asíncrona, rompen con los tradicionales ejes espaciales y temporales de la Educación Superior y flexibilizan los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Esta realidad da lugar a modalidades híbridas o en línea que ponen la competencia digital docente en el centro del proceso, convirtiéndose en una variable básica para el éxito de la propia acción formativa. OBJETIVO. Desde una óptica de autopercepción, el objetivo del presente estudio es identificar el nivel de competencia digital vinculado a la creación de contenidos que tiene el profesorado que ejerce su rol en titulaciones conducentes a la docencia en diferentes modalidades de enseñanza, analizando, también, variables como los años de experiencia o la dedicación. MÉTODO. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 770 participantes de diferentes universidades del estado español, y que respondieron a una selección de ítems del cuestionario DigCompEdu Check-In vinculados con la utilización, selección y creación de contenidos digitales. RESULTADOS. Los resultados arrojan que ni la experiencia, ni la dedicación, influyen en la competencia digital del profesorado, pero sí la modalidad en la que imparten docencia: el profesorado que impartió docencia en modalidad a distancia-online tuvo mayor competencia digital inicial y final que el profesorado que impartió en modalidad presencial. DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. Los resultados invitan tanto a encarar nuevos estudios que evidencien la percepción que tienen los docentes frente al nivel de competencia digital para la creación de contenidos, como a seguir apostando por formaciones de profesorado que tengan en cuenta entornos y contextos institucionales, como modalidades de enseñanza-aprendizaje al momento de crear contenidos educativos digitales.
El papel de las estrategias metacognitivas para el desarrollo de la competencia digital en el alumnado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria: alfabetización mediática y en el tratamiento de la información
Authors: Ortega-Ruipérez Beatriz , Navarro Asencio Enrique
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN. La alfabetización mediática y el tratamiento de la información resultan fundamentales como parte de la competencia digital del alumnado. El profesorado tiene la responsabilidad de desarrollar la competencia digital del alumnado y así mejorar el uso de Internet para el aprendizaje. Este estudio pretende responder a la pregunta de hasta qué punto las estrategias metacognitivas del profesorado pueden predecir el uso que hace el alumnado de estas competencias en Internet para el aprendizaje. MÉTODO. Para ello, se ha llevado a cabo un modelo estructural mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio. Se han utilizado datos del cuestionario PISA 2018 a 20.205 profesorado de idiomas. En primer lugar, se validaron tres dimensiones de un modelo teórico: apoyo al aprendizaje, uso metacognitivo para el aprendizaje y uso metacognitivo en la comprensión lectora. En segundo lugar, se estudiaron los efectos causales con un análisis de regresión y correlaciones entre factores metacognitivos. RESULTADOS. Los resultados muestran que el modelo tiene un buen ajuste y que el uso de estrategias metacognitivas puede explicar el 41,5% de la enseñanza del uso adecuado de Internet. Los resultados muestran que el profesorado que utiliza estrategias metacognitivas durante su enseñanza es mucho más capaz de enseñar a su alumnado a utilizar Internet de forma adecuada. DISCUSIÓN. Estos resultados predicen que la formación del profesorado debería incluir el desarrollo de estrategias metacognitivas, como compartir experiencias y formar en estrategias concretas, para que puedan mejorar su enseñanza y conseguir la alfabetización mediática en el alumnado, para que estos puedan aprovechar el uso de Internet para el aprendizaje.
Klingende Kartographie – Die Linkliste der Musikbibliothek der ZLB Berlin
Authors: Hein Susanne
Published: June 2024

2003 veröffentlichte die Musikbibliothek der Zentral- und Landesbibliothek Berlin (ZLB) eine Linksammlung zum Berliner Musikleben (https://www.zlb.de/musik-in-berlin). Diese hat sich schnell etabliert und erzeugt bis heute viel Resonanz. Anlässlich des aktuellen ZLB-Websiterelaunchs im April 2023 wurde die Linksammlung stark überarbeitet. Dieser Artikel behandelt inhaltliche und organisatorische Rahmenbedingungen, technische Informationen und praktische Erfahrungen bei der Pflege der Linksammlung. Außerdem geht es um die Frage, warum dieses Angebot gerade für Musikabteilungen in öffentlichen Bibliotheken und Landesbibliotheken sinnvoll sein kann.
Pérdida perinatala y la interrupción de embarazo: Vulnerabilidad y violencia obstétrica
Authors: Goberna-Tricas Josefina , Fernández-Basanta Sara , Ramos-Pozón Sergio , Falcó-Pegueroles Anna
Published: June 2024

La pérdida espontánea del embarazo es relativamente común, aunque la prevalencia exacta de estas pérdidas es difícil de estimar. Las mujeres también pueden interrumpir el embarazo por decisión propia. La actual Ley Orgánica 1/2023, de 28 de febrero, de salud sexual y reproductiva y de la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo permite el aborto por decisión libre y voluntaria de la mujer hasta la semana 14 de gestación y, hasta la semana 22, podrá realizarse una interrupción por causas médicas, como malformación del feto o peligro para la vida de la madre. Actualmente, los embarazos son intensamente pensados y planificados antes que se hagan realidad. Por ello, la pérdida espontánea del embarazo adquiere una alta significación para la mujer y su pareja, quienes pueden sentirse vulnerables. Para los profesionales sanitarios mantener un ambiente psicológico y moral adecuado para dar atención a estas mujeres y a sus familias no siempre es fácil. Los profesionales no siempre son capaces de proporcionar la atención necesaria por una variedad de razones, produciéndose casos de violencia obstétrica. Si la vulnerabilidad es considerada junto a otros elementos antropológicos de la propia medicina, como la corresponsabilidad o la solidaridad, entendiendo, por tanto, la medicina más allá de la técnica, llegamos a un enfoque bioético en que la ética del cuidado y de la responsabilidad se convierten en la clave para articular una respuesta correcta a la atención sanitaria en estas situaciones.
Wages, prices and living standards in a growing economy. The case of Boston, Massachusetts
Authors: Zegarra Basurco Luis Felipe
Published: June 2024

This study analyzes the living standards of laborers in Boston, Massachusetts in 1785-1900. Using a linear programming model, I find the food basket that provided a balanced nutrition at the lowest possible cost. Then, I estimate the welfare ratio of laborers. The evidence shows that laborers in Boston earned enough to cover their basic needs, and that their real wages increased in the 19th century. The results also show that the welfare ratio of laborers in Boston was higher than the ratios of several European cities. Boston can be considered a high-wage economy during the late 18th and 19th centuries.
"Billions of Lives Weighed Against the Ethics of Six 'Kids …'": The Moral Universe of the Animorphs
Authors: Ostry Elaine
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In K. A. Applegate's Animorphs series, young protagonists change into animals in order to save the world from invading aliens. Metamorphosis tests their morals as they are faced with ethical choices that become increasingly complex. They confront issues of consent, destruction of the environment, how to treat the Other (including animals), and how to wage a war justly. Their goals—preserving the environment and human free will—are laudable, but their means of reaching them are fraught with moral compromise. Posthumanism and ecofeminism are lenses for this exploration of how to use power ethically, which includes a meditation on humanity itself.
The Soviet Union and the Inter-Parliamentary Union in the Cold War Era
Authors: Lovell Stephen
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This article explores the causes and effects of the entry of the Soviet Union into the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) in 1955. After surveying the pre-history of the relationship of the Russian Empire and Soviet Union to the IPU, it examines the motives of the USSR in joining the organization in the 1950s, looking specifically at Soviet dealings with the IPU leadership and conduct at IPU conferences and other formal gatherings. The article then presents a more extended account of Soviet inter-parliamentary diplomacy from 1955 to the late 1960s, using Anglo-Soviet relations as a case study. Detailed evidence is presented on the Supreme Soviet delegation to Britain of 1956 and on the visit of numerous British parliamentarians to the USSR from the mid 1950s onwards. The article concludes that political differences did not prevent British visitors from pursuing a wide range of trade and commercial interests. On the Soviet side, the expansion of international parliamentary contacts did not weaken Marxist-Leninist convictions but nonetheless over the long term broadened the world-view of the political class.
Probabilistic volumetric speckle suppression in OCT using deep learning
Authors: Chintada Bhaskara Rao , Ruiz-Lopera Sebastián , Restrepo René , Bouma Brett E. , Villiger Martin , Uribe-Patarroyo Néstor
Published: June 2024

We present a deep learning framework for volumetric speckle reduction
in optical coherence tomography (OCT) based on a conditional
generative adversarial network (cGAN) that leverages the volumetric
nature of OCT data. In order to utilize the volumetric nature of OCT
data, our network takes partial OCT volumes as input, resulting in
artifact-free despeckled volumes that exhibit excellent speckle
reduction and resolution preservation in all three dimensions.
Furthermore, we address the ongoing challenge of generating ground
truth data for supervised speckle suppression deep learning frameworks
by using volumetric non-local means despeckling–TNode–
to generate training data. We show that, while TNode processing is
computationally demanding, it serves as a convenient, accessible
gold-standard source for training data; our cGAN replicates efficient
suppression of speckle while preserving tissue structures with
dimensions approaching the system resolution of non-local means
despeckling while being two orders of magnitude faster than TNode. We
demonstrate fast, effective, and high-quality despeckling of the
proposed network in different tissue types that are not part of the
training. This was achieved with training data composed of just three
OCT volumes and demonstrated in three different OCT systems. The
open-source nature of our work facilitates re-training and deployment
in any OCT system with an all-software implementation, working around
the challenge of generating high-quality, speckle-free training
data.
Mapping model of ribbon contour and tool influence function based on distributed parallel neural networks in magneto-rheological finishing
Authors: Yan Kexiong , Li Longxiang , Cheng Runmu , Liu Ximing , Li Xingchang , Bai Yang , Zhang Xuejun
Published: June 2024

Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) stands out as a notable polishing technology, characterized by high precision and minimal damage. However, establishing an accurate and practical model for the tool influence function (TIF) of MRF poses a significant challenge. In this paper, a TIF modeling method of MRF based on distributed parallel neural networks is proposed for the first time. Assessment of the viability of this approach through multiple sets of robot-assisted MRF experiments is detailed. The experimental results conclusively demonstrate the successful intelligent prediction of TIF, with key indicators such as volume removal rate and peak removal rate achieving an average prediction accuracy exceeding 95%. This method can remarkably advance the intelligence of the TIF model in MRF and serve as a valuable reference for other optical fabrication methods.
Enhancing multi-plane light conversion orbital angular momentum multiplexer performance via error analysis
Authors: Ran Yanli , Wei Zepeng , Fang Juncheng , Lei Ting , Yuan Xiaocong
Published: June 2024

We present what we believe to be a novel orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing apparatus capable of handling topological charges ranging from l = 0 to ±3 through multi-plane light conversion (MPLC) across four phase planes. Nevertheless, the fabricating process of MPLC devices is prone to errors that cannot be avoided. Our investigation primarily delves into the repercussions of misalignment and etching inaccuracies on the device's phase, with the assistance of a spatial light modulator. The scrutiny of fabrication errors associated with the device offers valuable insights for refining the fabricating of MPLC devices. The OAM multiplexing device converts the phase of MPLC onto a glass substrate through four etching steps, corresponding to a depth of 0-775 nm. OAM multiplexing/demultiplexing crosstalk based on MPLC is less than -20 dB and -18 dB, respectively. The insertion loss of the OAM mode generated by the OAM multiplexing device coupled to the few-mode fiber is less than 7 dB. In a communication experiment, we demonstrated multiplexed three OAM channels carrying 10 Gbit/s OOK signals over a 5 km few-mode fiber using two MPLC devices. Both the bit error rate curve and constellation diagram demonstrate the excellent performance of MPLC-based OAM multiplexing devices in communication networks.
Effective method for photonic jet shaping in reflection mode
Authors: Yang Yu-Jing , Zhang De-Long , Xue Sai-Dong , Yuan Ning
Published: June 2024

We report an effective method to shape a photonic jet (PJ) generated by a dielectric cuboid scatterer on a hollow reflection screen. The study focuses on the shaping of PJ by hollow and cuboid geometries, including side length, depth, and position. The results show that all the geometric parameters can effectively shape the PJ in characteristic parameters of intensity, focal length (FL), and lateral size. The comparison shows that the present shaping method is much superior to the previously reported one based on a change of cuboid height, characterized by three times larger of the varying ranges of the PJ characteristic parameters. The shaping by the side length and depth of hollow and cuboid is explained from viewpoints of ray optics and electromagnetic field theory in terms of hollow-induced phase singularity in Poynting vector distribution. The hollow position mainly shapes the propagation trajectory of PJ. The deviation of the hollow position results in the curvature of the propagation trajectory of PJ, and the curvature is correlated with the asymmetric extent of the scattering system.
Configuration design of a 2D graphene/3D AlGaN van der Waals junction for high-sensitivity and self-powered ultraviolet detection and imaging
Authors: Yue Yuanyuan , Chen Yang , Jiang Jianhua , Yao Lin , Wang Haiyu , Zhang Shanli , Jia Yuping , Jiang Ke , Sun Xiaojuan , Li Dabing
Published: June 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) graphene has emerged as an excellent partner for solving the scarcity of ultraviolet photodetectors based on three-dimensional (3D) AlGaN, in which the design of a 2D graphene/3D AlGaN junction becomes crucial. This study investigates the response mechanisms of two distinct graphene/AlGaN (Gr-AlGaN) photodetectors in the lateral and vertical configurations. For the lateral Gr-AlGaN photodetector, photogenerated electrons drifting into p-type graphene channel induce negative photoconductivity and a persistent photoconductive effect, resulting in a high responsivity of 1.27×104  A/W and detectivity of 3.88×1012 Jones. Although the response capability of a vertical Gr-AlGaN device is inferior to the lateral one, it shows significantly reduced dark current and self-powered detection. The photogenerated electron-hole pair can be spontaneously separated by the junction electric field and generate a photocurrent at zero bias. Hence, the vertical Gr-AlGaN photodetector array is satisfied for passive driving imaging like deep space detection. Conversely, the exceptional response of the lateral Gr-AlGaN device emphasizes its prospects for steady object recognition with low-light emission. Moreover, the improved imaging sharpness with light illumination duration makes it suitable for biomimetic visual learning, which follows a recognition to memory process. This study elucidates an efficient approach for diverse photodetection applications through the configuration design of Gr-AlGaN junctions.
High-order Autler–Townes splitting in electrically tunable photonic molecules
Authors: Chen Yihao , Duan Juntao , Li Jin , Chen Yan , Li Jiewen , Duan Jianan , Xu Xiaochuan , Wang Jiawei
Published: June 2024

Whispering gallery mode optical microresonators represent a promising avenue for realizing optical analogs of coherent light–atom interactions, circumventing experimental complexities. All-optical analogs of Autler–Townes splitting have been widely demonstrated, harnessing coupled optical microresonators, also known as photonic molecules, wherein the strong coupling between resonant fields enables energy level splitting. Here, we report the characterizations of Autler–Townes splitting in waveguide-coupled microring dimers featuring mismatched sizes. By exploiting backscattering-induced coupling via Rayleigh and Mie scatterers in individual rings, high-order Autler–Townes splitting has been realized, yielding supermode hybridization in a multi-level system. Upon resonance detuning using an integrated phase shifter, intra-cavity coupling-induced splitting becomes almost indistinguishable at the zero-detuning point where the strong inter-cavity coupling counteracts the imbalance of backscattering strengths in individual rings. Through demonstrations on the maturing silicon photonics platform, our findings establish a framework of electrically tunable photonic molecules for coupling-mediated Autler–Townes splitting, offering promising prospects for on-chip signal generation and processing across classical and quantum regimes.
In situ tracking anisotropic photocarrier dynamics in two-dimensional ternary Ta2NiSe5 via digital micromirror device-based pump-probe microscopy
Authors: Chen Bingxu , Qiao Jie , Han Fei , Feng Fu , Chen Shih-Chi
Published: June 2024

In two-dimensional (2D) material studies, tracking the anisotropic ultrafast carrier dynamics is essential for the development of optoelectronic nano-devices. Conventionally, the anisotropic optical and electronic properties are investigated via either polarization-dependent Raman spectroscopy or field-effect transistors measurements. However, study of the anisotropic transient carrier behaviors is still challenging, due largely to the lack of picosecond-resolved acquisition or programmable scanning capabilities in the current characterization systems. In this work, we select Ta2NiSe5 as a model system to investigate the ultrafast anisotropic transportation properties of photo-excited carriers and transient polarized responses via a digital micromirror device (DMD)-based pump-probe microscope, where the probe beam scans along the armchair and zigzag directions of a crystal structure via binary holography to obtain distinct carrier diffusion coefficients, respectively. The results reveal the nonlinear diffusion behaviors of Ta2NiSe5 in tens of picoseconds, which are attributed to the interplay between excited electrons and phonons. The trend of the measured local polarization-dependent transient reflectivity is consistent with the polarized Raman spectra results. These results show that the DMD-based pump-probe microscope is an effective and versatile tool to study the optoelectronic properties of 2D materials.
Frequency comb generation from the ultraviolet to mid-infrared region based on a three-stage cascaded PPLN chain
Authors: Qin Xiong , Luo Daping , Zhou Lian , Pan Jiayi , Deng Zejiang , Xie Gehui , Gu Chenglin , Li Wenxue
Published: June 2024

Optical frequency combs (OFCs) have enabled significant opportunities for high-precision frequency metrology and high-resolution broadband spectroscopy. Although nonlinear photonics chips have the capacity of frequency expansion for OFCs, most of them can only access the limited bandwidths in the partial infrared region, and it is still hard to satisfy many measurement applications in the ultraviolet-to-visible region. Here, we demonstrate a compact broadband OFC scheme via the combination of three χ(2) nonlinearities in a three-stage periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) chain. With a supercontinuum spectrum OFC delivered into the PPLN chain, the intra-pulse diffidence frequency generation, optical parametric amplification, and high-order harmonic generation were carried out in sequence. It is crucial that the harmonics of the 1st–10th orders are simultaneously obtained with an offset-free OFC spectrum from 0.35 to 4.0 μm. In view of the great potential for integration and spectral expansion, this wideband frequency comb source will open a new insight for the valuable applications of two-dimensional material analysis, biofluorescence microscopy, and nonlinear amplitude-phase metrology.
Facial Soft Tissues Reconstruction Methods After Tumor Resection in Soedarso General Hospital 2017 - 2022
Authors: Jaya Fidi Bhawana , Setiawan Doni
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Facial contour deformity is a very challenging problem for aesthetic and reconstructive surgeons. Assessment of facial deformities is important for developing a subsequent reconstruction plan. Various techniques have been described for the repair of tumor-related defects of facial soft tissues. This study aimed to describe methods of Facial Soft Tissue Reconstruction after Tumor Resection at Soedarso General Hospital, West Kalimantan.
Method: A retrospective descriptive study using data such as age, gender, type of tumor, size of the defect, and type of reconstruction done, which were collected from medical records of all patients with malignant facial soft tissue tumors who have underwent tissue reconstruction after tumor resection at Soedarso General Hospital, West Kalimantan, between 2017 and 2022.
Result: A total of 48 patients were included. 33 patients underwent rotational flap only, 8 patients underwent rotational flap and skin graft, 1 patient underwent transposition flap, 6 patients underwent skin graft. 39 patients had BCC, 7 patients had SCC, 1 patient had MM, 1 patient had Meibom gland Adenocarcinoma. 25 patients were female, 23 patients were male. 41 patients had age 60 years old and older, 7 patients had age younger than 60 years old. 8 patients with defect size larger than 4x4x3 cm, 40 patients with defect size smaller than 4x4x3 cm.
Conclusion: Knowledge of distribution patterns of facial soft tissue tumors will help to correctly choose the right options in facial reconstruction. Unawareness can lead to inadequate treatment with serious consequences for the affected patient.
An analysis of the linkage between legislators’ behavior and electoral support: The case of the Filipino labor emigrants and the Congress of the Philippines
Authors:   , Lopega Diosdado B.
Published: June 2024

This dissertation investigates one of the most popular phenomena - labor emigration, specifically zeroing on its impact on the legislative process by looking at the linkage between the behavior of legislators in terms of their performance as to the number of legislative measures they file in Congress, and the support of the overseas Filipinos including the Filipino Labor Emigrants (FLES) or Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) in terms of the number of votes they cast for the legislators. This dissertation advances the hypothesis that, the more legislative measures legislators file in Congress that will benefit the FLEs or OFWs, the more votes they will get from this sector of the Philippine society, much more so if such legislative initiatives are publicized.
Gastric Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Helicobacter pylori-Infected Patient
Authors: Alenzi Maram , Alabdul Razzak Iyiad , Evanchuk Darren , Kondratiev Svetlana , Mahmood Syed Kashif , Tandon Manish
Published: June 2024

Primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PG-DLBCL) is a rare gastric malignant neoplasm. While the association between Heliobacter pylori infection and gastric mucosa-assisted lymphoid tissue lymphoma is well established, data supporting its association with DLBCL are less robust. Here we present a rare case of PG-DLBCL diagnosed with H. pylori. An 82-year-old man presented to clinic with complaints of worsening epigastric pain. He underwent an endoscopy which revealed 1 large nonbleeding gastric ulcer. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed PG-DLBCL. He was started on H. pylori eradication (HPE) and subsequently completed 6 cycles of R-mini-CHOP chemotherapy. Since then, the patient maintained clinical and radiological remission for more than a year without recurrence. PG-DLBCL is an aggressive Non-hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) that usually presents late. It has been shown that HPE without chemotherapy in DLBCL codiagnosed with H. pylori is not an effective strategy. Thus, the standard of care for patients would be HPE and chemotherapy as in our patient. More research is needed to better understand association between H. pylori and DLBCL.
Determination of biotechnological potential of poultry litter isolated bacteria
Authors: Battisti Renata , Junkerfuerbom Adriana , Machado Kawana Nasser , Mesa Dany , Santos Marise Fonseca dos , Vendruscolo Eliane Cristina Gruszka
Published: June 2024

Poultry litter is composed of residues from industrial wood processing, serving as a bed for the animals. It has also been widely used as an agricultural biofertilizer, increasing its economic importance. Few studies report the microbiological composition of this material or its biotechnological potential, which was the objective of this study. The microbiological composition was obtained by 16sRNA genetic characterization, as well as, phosphate solubilization capacity, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, fungal antagonism, and enzymatic capacity. As a result, 67 isolates were obtained, of which 30 were taxonomically positioned and 27 were biochemically characterized. The microbiota genera consisted of Staphylococcus (17%), Brevibacillus (27%), Bacillus (37%), Mammaliicoccus (7%), Isoptericola, Microbacterium, and Oxalicibacterium (3.5% each). None of the isolates presented phosphate solubilization capacity. Regarding IAA production, UFPRCA19 showed the highest IAA content (16.60 µg.mg-1 protein). Eleven isolates were positive for antagonism with Aspergillus spp. and 25 for Trichoderma spp. Activity of proteases, caseinases, lipases, amylases, and cellulases were observed with the relative frequencies of 59%, 29%, 11%, 32%, 18%, and 21%. IAA and enzyme-producing bacteria as well as fungal antagonism were found among the isolates. Among all the isolated genera, Bacillus for synthesizing IAA and commercial enzymes becomes an interesting source for biotechnological purposes.
Necessidade de valorização dos programas e projetos institucionais de extensão nas IES brasileiras
Authors: Schuh Eduarda Filter , Silva Mariana Kohanoski da , Pinheiro Luciana Boose
Published: June 2024

A extensão universitária é pautada na relevância do contato dos estudantes de ensino superior com a sociedade, uma inter-relação capaz de gerar transformação social. Ela visa a proporcionar pedagogicamente o exercício e aprimoramento profissional, de forma a criar diálogo, troca de conhecimento e contato com desafios, advindos do compromisso social com quem circunda a academia. Nesse contexto, programas de extensão são ações permanentes e estruturantes que integram diferentes linhas da universidade de modo interdisciplinar, interprofissional e intersetorial; têm caráter orgânico-institucional, orientações para um objetivo comum e devem ser estruturantes na Universidade e pautar-se na indissociabilidade entre extensão, ensino e pesquisa. Para mais, por meio dos diversos programas e projetos de extensão que possui, a UFCSPA oferece aos estudantes vivências que fomentam uma formação crítica e responsável dos indivíduos. Destaca-se o “Programa de Extensão Contação de Histórias na Promoção da Saúde” que, há 15 anos, tem como propósito possibilitar vivências práticas humanizadas entre alunos e pacientes, utilizando-se da literatura para criar cuidados em saúde. Desse modo, o histórico da extensão brasileira evidencia sua importância e a necessidade de valorização dos programas e projetos universitários, por meio de investimento das IES na institucionalização dessas atividades, e gera uma união benéfica entre o meio acadêmico e social.
Construção de oficina sobre saúde mental na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Miranda Loren Neves de , Giuliani Carla Denari , Fernandes Renata Sobreira , Freitas Nathalia Aparecida , Santos Bruna Fernanda Marcon dos , Hasse Mariana
Published: June 2024

A descentralização do atendimento em saúde mental para a Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e Centros de Apoio Psicossocial (CAPS) foi de extrema importância para garantir maior qualidade do cuidado. No entanto, o manejo dos casos de transtornos mentais na APS ainda é desafiador. Neste trabalho, relatamos a experiência desenvolvida por um grupo de estudantes, tutores e preceptores do Programa de Educação em Saúde pelo Trabalho (PET-Saúde) na construção de uma oficina de formação para o uso do Projeto Terapêutico Singular (PTS) para profissionais da saúde. A oficina foi desenvolvida em um município mineiro de porte médio, em março de 2023, e teve a participação de mais de 100 trabalhadores. Além de atividades teóricas, a oficina contou com atividades práticas, o que possibilitou que os participantes reconhecessem as dificuldades do processo de trabalho, trocassem experiências e propusessem soluções para aprimorar o atendimento em saúde mental no município.
Extensão na pós-graduação
Authors: Silveira Hélder Eterno da , Ferreira Olgamir Amância
Published: June 2024

A interação entre extensão, pesquisa e pós-graduação apresenta um desafio contínuo para as instituições de ensino superior (IES) dedicadas a cumprir seu papel social, formando profissionais capazes de atender às necessidades contemporâneas e antever futuros para a sociedade. Este artigo explora o equívoco comum nas instituições educacionais que limitam a pesquisa exclusivamente ao âmbito da pós-graduação, destacando seu potencial como meio de qualificação profissional além da dimensão técnico-científica. Ele enfatiza a importância da integração entre aspectos teóricos e práticos voltados para as necessidades sociais. O caminho para integrar atividades de extensão no espaço de produção do conhecimento enfrenta numerosos desafios devido às estruturas arraigadas na cultura do ensino superior brasileiro, que perpetua um modelo de educação fragmentado, baseado em um cientificismo superficial. Contudo, este texto evidencia esforços de várias instituições nacionais para ilustrar como essa integração é crucial no desenvolvimento de um ensino superior que busca não apenas a excelência acadêmica, mas também o comprometimento social. Essa abordagem representa um investimento no futuro, preparando a próxima geração de pesquisadores para enfrentar os desafios complexos e urgentes da sociedade com sabedoria, empatia e soluções práticas. Assim, a integração da extensão à pesquisa e à pós-graduação não é apenas um ideal, mas uma necessidade para uma academia verdadeiramente impactante e relevante.
Early Mālikī Manuscripts: A Retrospective
Authors: Brockopp Jonathan E.
Published: June 2024

In this review article, I offer an overview of research undertaken thus far on early Mālikī Manuscripts, primarily the collection from Kairouan, Tunisia. Modern attention to this collection dates from the early twentieth century, as the collection itself moved from Kairouan to Tunis and back again. While access to Qurān manuscripts has been highly restricted, select scholars had been allowed to study and make copies of a limited number of legal manuscripts, primarily from the Mālikī school of Islamic law. These limitations had an effect on scholarship, making some forms of codicological and paleographic analysis difficult at best. The last part of the article addresses very recent scholarship and work that remains to be done, including network analysis and other ways of placing these manuscripts within broader social and historical contexts. I close with a reflection on the colonial history of research into these manuscripts and the responsibilities of researchers to reflect on the ethical implications of their activities into the future.
L’émergence du mašhūr mālikite (IVe-VIe/Xe-XIIe siècle): harmonisation de la norme juridique et crise de l’autorité en Occident musulman
Authors: Salah Clément
Published: June 2024

La constitution des écoles doctrinales de droit à partir du IVe/Xe siècle conduit les juristes à entreprendre un processus d’harmonisation de leurs doctrines juridiques. Au sein du maḏhab mālikite, l’opinion qualifiée de mašhūr apparaît comme celle possédant le plus haut degré d’autorité. Les contours de cette notion ne sont cependant pas clairement définis et ont largement évolué au fil des siècles. Cet article entend se concentrer sur la période d’introduction et d’émergence du mašhūr au sein de la littérature juridique mālikite du milieu du IVe/Xe au milieu du VIe/XIIe siècle. Par le dépouillement de vingt-cinq ouvrages mālikites et l’analyse d’une dizaine d’occurrences du mašhūr, nous montrons qu’il est un outil juridique témoignant de l’évolution du mālikisme d’une communauté juridique d’interprétation en une véritable école de droit. En nous concentrant sur l’usage que fait Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr (m. 463/1071) du mašhūr – dont neuf occurences extraites de son Kāfī sont traduites en annexe – nous mettons finalement en évidence le fait que cet outil sert tant à reconnaître qu’à édifier l’autorité juridique d’Ibn al-Qāsim (m. 191/806), un des disciples de Mālik b. Anas (m. 179/795), au détriment de ses contemporains dans un contexte de profonde recomposition de toutes les formes d’autorité en Occident musulman.
Du mālikisme dans les Nukat al-maḥṣūl d’Abū Bakr b. al-ʿArabī (m. 543/1148). Contribution à l’histoire des uṣūl al-fiqh en Occident musulman
Authors: Amharar Ilyass
Published: June 2024

Les Nukat al-Maḥṣūl constituent le dernier des trois traités de théorie légale (uṣūl al-fiqh) écrits par le Qāḍī Abū Bakr b. al-ʿArabī (m. 543/1248) et surtout le seul à nous être parvenu. S’il est traditionnellement affilié au mālikisme, il ne faut pas oublier que la pensée légale du Qāḍī s’est construite en Orient et a été influencée par celle de maîtres appartenant à d’autres écoles juridiques (maḏhab pl. maḏāhib), tels le ḥanbalite Ibn ʿAqīl (m. 513/1119), et surtout le šāfiʿite Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazālī (m. 505/1111). Cette tendance à l’éclectisme, interprétée a posteriori comme un penchant pour l’effort de déduction (iǧtihād), traverse le texte des Nukat, ce qui nous amène à nous demander si celui-ci est vraiment un traité d’uṣūl al-fiqh mālikite. Le présent article vise donc à examiner la place de ce texte dans la tradition mālikite andalouse, en l’analysant à la lumière des éléments caractéristiques de l’école juridique, telle la pratique des Gens de Médine ou la considération de l’intérêt public (maṣlaḥa) dans la déduction juridique. Ceci permettra par la même occasion d’apporter un éclairage sur la pensée légale d’Ibn al-ʿArabī.
Les dynamiques contemporaines du mālikisme francophone
Authors: Van Praet Younes Johan
Published: June 2024

L’objectif de cet article est d’expliquer l’essor récent du mālikisme francophone par des dynamiques internationales, multiples mais connectées, alimentant un maḏhabisme renouvelé sur la scène internationale. Il s’agit d’être attentif au triple phénomène de la médiatisation, du déploiement des structures éducatives et de l’édition de livres islamiques inscrits dans le référentiel mālikite. Il apparaît, après analyse, que des logiques de réseaux transnationaux sont relayées par de jeunes acteurs francophones en passe de devenir à leur tour des autorités au sein du paysage islamique français.
Bibliotheken aus systemtheoretischer Sicht. Eine Skizze
Authors: Rösch Hermann
Published: June 2024

Damit das Bibliothekssystem als gesellschaftliches Funktionssystem unter Berücksichtigung des systemtheoretischen Instrumentariums beobachtet und beschrieben werden kann, werden zunächst einige Grundlagen und theoriespezifische Begriffe kurz erläutert. Im Anschluss wird Informationsgesellschaft als sozialer Rahmen der aktuell überschaubaren Entwicklung näher bestimmt. Schließlich geht es um die Frage, welche Konturen ein systemtheoretisch durchdrungenes Bibliothekssystem besitzt und welche Erkenntnisgewinne mit einer solchen Annäherung zu gewinnen wären. Selbstverständlich bietet der nachfolgende Aufriss nicht mehr als einen äußerst knappen Impuls, dem die gründliche Ausarbeitung einer Theorie des Bibliothekssystems folgen könnte, aus der erst das tatsächliche Erkenntnispotenzial eines systemtheoretischen Blicks auf die bibliothekarische Wirklichkeit sichtbar würde.
Quantification of SCC mechanisms in austenitic alloys under PWR primary water conditions
Authors: Lozano-Perez Sergio , Roberts Ed , Karamched Phani , Shen Zhao
Published: June 2024

In order to achieve a full mechanistic understanding of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), the key operating mechanisms need to be identified but also quantified. In this study, we summarize and rationalize key findings from the last 15 years of high-resolution characterization of SCC in our group. A comprehensive characterization of a set of austenitic alloys with different Ni content and constant Cr level, tested under simulated pressurized water reactor (PWR) primary water conditions at various temperatures, has revealed evidence for at least two operating mechanisms: one diffusion-related and the other deformation-related. For their relevance to the nuclear industry, two additional alloys with increased Cr content were also studied (A800 and A690). Key precursors for SCC initiation and propagation are identified and their effect on alloy degradation discussed. A list of key materials’ properties that ensure low SCC susceptibility is proposed.