bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Синтез, структура и анизотропия термоэлектрических свойств соединения Bi-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-2.7-=/SUB=-Se-=SUB=-0.3-=/SUB=-, легированного самарием
Authors: Япрынцев М.Н. , Иванов О.Н. , Васильев А.Е. , Жежу М.В. , Попков Д.А.
Published: September 2021

Исследованы кристаллографически текстурированные термоэлектрические материалы с электронным типом проводимости на основе теллурида висмута, легированного самарием (Bi2-xSmxTe2.7Se0.3, где x=0, 0.05, 0.02, 0.05), полученные методом сольвотермального синтеза и двукратного прессования методом искрового плазменного спекания. Кристаллографическая текстура достигалась путем искрового плазменного спекания пластинчатых наночастиц исходного порошка. Ось текстурирования [001] совпадала с направлением прессования в процессе искрового плазменного спекания. Увеличение концентрации самария приводит к уменьшению радиального размера синтезируемых наночастиц, что обеспечивает облегчение процессов вращения и скольжения частиц относительно друг друга в процессе прессования и, как следствие, к увеличению фактора анизотропии, характеризующего степень предпочтительной ориентации зерен в объемном материале. Легирование самарием влияет на размер частиц исходного порошка, средний размер зерна в объемном материале и термоэлектрические свойства образцов. Установлено, что максимум термоэлектрической добротности слабо зависит от содержания самария и попадает в интервал ~(0.6-0.7), тогда как температурное положение максимумов заметно смещается к более высоким температурам с увеличением содержания Sm. Ключевые слова:термоэлектрические материалы, теллурид висмута, искровое плазменное спекание, текстурирование, анизотропия свойств.
Магнитные свойства сплавов Pb-=SUB=-1-y-=/SUB=-Sс-=SUB=-y-=/SUB=-Te
Authors: Скипетров Е.П. , Богданов Е.В. , Скипетрова Л.А. , Соловьев А.А. , Кнотько А.В. , Слынько В.Е.
Published: September 2021

The magnetic field dependences of the magnetization (B < 9 Т, T = 2.0 - 70 K) of the samples from a single crystal Pb1-yScyTe (y=0.01) ingot, synthesized by the Bridgman method, are studied. It is established that, in accordance with the generally accepted model of the rearrangement of the electronic structure of alloys during doping, there is no paramagnetic contribution of single scandium ions located in the nodes of the metal sublattice in the studied samples. The magnetization of the samples contains several contributions: superparamagnetism of scandium clusters, linear in field diamagnetism of the crystal lattice and the paramagnetism of free electrons, as well as the oscillating contribution of the de Haas – van Alphen effect. The field dependences of the main contribution of scandium clusters are successfully approximated using the Langevin function. The average concentration, magnetic moment and the total magnetic moment of the clusters per unit volume of the sample were determined with an increase in the impurity concentration along the ingot.
Зависимость люминесцентных свойств упорядоченных групп Ge(Si) наноостровков от параметров ямок на структурированной поверхности подложки "кремний на изоляторе"
Authors: Смагина Ж.В. , Зиновьев В.А. , Степихова М.В. , Перетокин А.В. , Дьяков С.А. , Родякина Е.Е. , Новиков А.В. , Двуреченский А.В.
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the results of studies of the luminescence properties of structures with Ge(Si) quantum dots (QDs), in which a pit-patterned surface of silicon on insulator substrate served both for the spatial ordering of QDs and for the formation of a two-dimensional photonic crystal. It is shown that by choosing the parameters of pit-patterned substrate (the diameter of the pits and the period of their location), it is possible to provide a significant increase of intensity of the QD luminescence signal in the near-IR range. This enhancement is associated with interaction of spatially ordered QD emission with the modes of a photonic crystal formed by the pattern of pits. The effect of amplification of the luminescence signal persists up to room temperature.
Увеличение эффективности тандема полупроводниковый лазер-оптический усилитель на основе самоорганизующихся 8s квантовых точек
Authors: Жуков А.Е. , Крыжановская Н.В. , Моисеев Э.И. , Драгунова А.С. , Надточий А.М. , Максимов М.В. , Гордеев Н.Ю.
Published: September 2021

The rate equations are used to analyze the characteristics of a tandem consisting of a laser diode and a semiconductor optical amplifier made of a single heterostructure with quantum dots. The optimal value of the current distribution coefficient the amplifier and the laser, as well as the optimal resonator length that provides the highest output power of the tandem were determined. It is shown that the use of the tandem allows, at the same total consumed current, to significantly (more than 4 times for 1 A) increase the power emitted through the ground-state optical transition in comparison with that achievable with a laser diode solely being limited by the onset of lasing through an excited-state optical transition.
Влияние асимметрии расположения металлических масок на согласование нижнего электрода с высокочастотным генератором смещения при реактивно-ионном травлении массивных подложек
Authors: Полетаев С.Д. , Любимов А.И.
Published: September 2021

The effect of the degree of asymmetry in the arrangement of metal masks on the matching of the lower electrode with a high-frequency displacement generator during selective reactive-ion etching of massive substrates in plasma-forming gas mixtures based on freon-14 is studied theoretically and experimentally. Theoretically, the absence of the influence of the asymmetry of the mask location on the specific reactive power is shown. It is shown that at the edge of the substrate, especially with a mask, there is a sharp increase in the RF current density, which proves mainly the surface (end) nature of its flow. The influence of the mask location on the behavior of the electric charge density, which correlates with the distribution of the RF current density in the near-surface layer of the substrate, is established. No redistribution of the charge density of the chemically active plasma particles at the edge of the mask was detected. In accordance with the theoretical results obtained, it is experimentally shown that metal masks with a side length ratio of 36/0 mm reduce the power reflection coefficient within 5%.
Фононы и кроссовер Иоффе-Регеля в случайных решетках произвольной размерности
Authors: Конюх Д.А.
Published: September 2021

In the frame of the random matrix theory, it was shown, that the relaxation of the projection of the initial plane wave with the wave vector q is described by the equation of motion with the memory function which corresponds to the complex dynamical Young modulus E(ω). In the harmonic scalar model of displacements with the absence of energy dissipation, the Ioffe-Regel crossover arises universally in amorphous systems with the dimension d≥3. Vibrations above the Ioffe-Regel crossover are related to the diffusive nature and can be described by the diffusion equation with the damping Γ(q)∝ q².
Тепловые и магнитокалорические свойства манганитов La-=SUB=-0.7-=/SUB=-Sr-=SUB=-0.3-x-=/SUB=-Ba-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-MnO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Гаджиев А.Б. , Гамзатов А.Г. , Батдалов А.Б. , Хуршилова З.А. , Алиев А.М.
Published: September 2021

The results of a study of the effect of partial substitution of Sr2+ ions by Ba2+ ions on the thermophysical and magnetocaloric properties of manganite La0.7Sr0.3-xBaxMnO3 (x = 0; 0.02; 0.05 and 0.10) in the temperature range 100-400 K and in a magnetic field up to 1.8 T. It is shown that such a substitution leads to a significant decrease in TC. In the behaviour of the thermal diffusivity (T) and thermal conductivity (T) near TС, minima were found that are associated with both the scattering of phonons by local distortions of the crystal lattice and by spin fluctuations. The absolute values of thermal conductivity decrease with an increase in the disorder parameter. The magnetocaloric effect exhibits a weak dependence on the substitution level (x).
Расчеты из первых принципов колебательных спектров сверхрешеток CdSe/CdS
Authors: Лебедев А.И.
Published: September 2021

The vibrational spectra of CdSe/CdS superlattices (SLs) with different layer thicknesses are calculated from first principles within the density functional theory. It is shown that, along with folded acoustic and confined optical modes, a number of confined acoustic modes appear in SLs. In structures with a minimum thickness of one of the layers, microscopic interface modes similar to local and gap modes in crystals appear. An analysis of projections of the eigenvectors of vibrational modes in SLs onto the orthonormal basis of normal modes in binary compounds enables to establish the details of formation of these vibrational modes and, in particular, to determine the degree of intermixing of acoustic and optical modes. A comparison of the frequencies of vibrational modes in CdSe/CdS SLs and CdSe/CdS nanoplatelets enables to separate the influence of size quantization and surface relaxation on the vibration frequencies in the nanoplatelets.
Влияние гигантской магнитострикции на динамический предел текучести в условиях высокоскоростной деформации
Authors: Малашенко В.В.
Published: September 2021

The high-strain rate deformation of crystals with giant magnetostriction is theoretically analyzed. It is shown that giant magnetostriction has a significant effect on the dynamic yield stress of crystals.
Магнитоструктурные особенности фазовых переходов в системе Mn-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-Co-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-NiGe Часть 1. Экспериментальные результаты
Authors: Митюк В.И. , Римский Г.С. , Янушкевич К.И. , Коледов В.В. , Маширов А.В. , Вальков В.И. , Головчан А.В. , Ковалев О.Е.
Published: September 2021

Experimental studies of the magnetic and structural properties of solid solutions of the Mn1-xCoxNiGe system in a wide range of Co concentrations (0.05≤ x≤ 0.8), temperatures (5 K≤ x≤600 K) and magnetic fields (0.016 T≤ x≤ 13.5 T) have revealed a number of nontrivial magnetic and magnetocaloric features of this system. The latter include: 1) a change in the nature of magnetic phase transitions from magnetostructural transitions of the 1st order paramagnetism-antiferromagnetism (0.05≤ x≤ 0.15) to isostructural transitions of the 2nd order paramagnetism-ferromagnetism (0.15≤ x≤0.8) with a change in the concentration of Co ; 2) anomalous behavior of low-temperature regions of magnetization in weak magnetic fields; 3) a change in the saturation magnetization and the appearance of irreversible magnetic field-induced transitions at helium temperatures in strong magnetic fields.
Эволюция спектральных и структурных характеристик ортоборатов La-=SUB=-0.98-x-=/SUB=-Lu-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-Eu-=SUB=-0.02-=/SUB=-BO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Authors: Шмурак С.З. , Кедров В.В. , Киселев А.П. , Фурсова Т.Н. , Зверькова И.И. , Хасанов С.С.
Published: September 2021

The structure, IR absorption, luminescence, and luminescence excitation spectra of La0.98xLuxEu0.02 BO3 orthoborates synthesized at 970°C were studied at 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.98. An increase in х leads to a sequential change of the structural state of the orthoborates. At first, the compound has the aragonite structure. Then, it becomes two-phase and contains the aragonite and vaterite phases. With a further increase in х, the compounds have the vaterite structure, then the vaterite and calcite structure, and, finally, the calcite structure. Correspondence between the structure and spectral characteristics of these compounds was established. Luminescence spectra were investigated at different wavelengths of exciting light. This allowed obtaining information on the structure of a near-surface layer and the bulk of microcrystals of the investigated samples. It is shown that the vaterite phase arises in the bulk of microcrystals of samples that have the aragonite structure.
Туннельный ток между структурными элементами тонких графен/нанотрубных пленок
Authors: Глухова О.Е. , Слепченков М.М. , Колесниченко П.А.
Published: September 2021

Based on the constructed atomistic models of graphene/nanotube films with different numbers of nanotubes in supercells, we carried out in silico studies of the regularities of the nonuniform density distribution, which determine the presence of an island structure in such films. As a result of quantum molecular dynamics modeling, it is found that thin tubes of subnanometer diameter are enveloped in graphene sheets, which makes them energetically stable and stable. We also studied tunneling contacts between individual film fragments that are not covalently bound, in particular, between graphene sheets with different topologies of contacting zigzag and armchair edges, depending on the distance between them, and between tubes of different chiralities, including (6,3), (4,4), (6,5), (12,6) and (16,0). It is found that the tunnel contacts of tubes with a semiconductor type of conductivity are characterized by the presence of voltage intervals with a negative differential resistance in the I – V characteristic. Such voltage intervals are not observed at all for tubes with a metallic character of conductivity. The new knowledge obtained is important for assessing the electrical conductivity of such films, two-thirds of which are semiconductor tubes.
Термофорез углеродных наночастиц (нанолент и нанотрубок) на плоской многослойной подложке гексагонального нитрида бора (h-BN)
Authors: Савин А.В.
Published: September 2021

Using the method of molecular dynamics and a 2D chain model, it is shown that thermophoresis of carbon nanoparticles (nanoribbons and nanotubes) on a flat multilayer substrate (on a flat surface of a hexagonal boron nitride crystal) has high efficiency. Placing a nanoparticle on a flat surface of a substrate involved in heat transfer leads to its movement in the direction of the heat flow. The heat flow along the substrate leads to the formation of constant forces acting on the nanoparticle nodes (thermophoresis forces). The main effect of the force is exerted on the edges of graphene nanoribbons, exactly where the main interaction of the nanoribbon with the bending phonons of the substrate occurs. These phonons have a long free path, so the effective transfer of nanoparticles using thermophoresis can occur at sufficiently large distances. The motion of carbon nanoparticles under the action of a heat flow has the form of particle motion in a viscous medium under the action of a constant force. Over time, the nanoparticles always enter the mode of movement at a constant speed. The velocity of the stationary motion is almost the same for all sizes and types of carbon nanoparticles, which is explained by the fact that the thermophoresis force and effective friction have the same source – the interaction of the nanoparticle with the bending thermal vibrations of the substrate layers.
Falls Detection and Prevention Systems in Home Care for Older Adults: Myth or Reality?
Authors: Pech Marion , Sauzeon Helene , Yebda Thinhinane , Benois-Pineau Jenny , Amieva Helene
Published: September 2021

There is an exponential increase in the range of digital products and devices promoting aging in place, in particular, devices aiming at preventing or detecting falls. However, their deployment is still limited and only few studies have been carried out in population-based settings owing to the technological challenges that remain to be overcome and the barriers that are specific to the users themselves, such as the generational digital divide and acceptability factors specific to the older adult population. To date, scarce studies consider these factors. To capitalize technological progress, the future step should be to better consider these factors and to deploy, in a broader and more ecological way, these technologies designed for older adults receiving home care to assess their effectiveness in real life.
COVID-19 Pandemic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: van Lint Victor A.J.
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Evolving infectious diseases are a continuing threat to public health, especially in democratic nations where persuasion is required to adjust population behavior to counter the threat. COVID-19 is particularly dangerous because one can be infected by inhaling air exhaled by an infectious person who may not even be symptomatic. Experience in 2020-2021 can be used to guide future control efforts.

OBJECTIVE

This investigation sought to understand the factors that controlled the development of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the highs and lows in death rates as they were influenced by government leaders and media.

METHODS

Published data on COVID-19 death rates in eight selected nations and eleven selected U.S. states for the period 1 Mar. 2020 through 31 May 2021 were compared with calculations using a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) model that included an adjustment of the population’s basic reproduction number, R0, in response to information.

RESULTS

The death rates attributed to COVID-19 exhibited high peaks in most of the developed democratic nations in March/April 2020 and Dec. 2020/Jan. 2021. Initial values of R0 as high as 5.0 were deduced from the growth curves. The plateau near 700 deaths per million population reached in the summer of 2020 mirrored the effects of herd immunity in the model, but seroprevalence surveys proved that the population immune fraction was too low. An average of 169 people tested positive for COVID-19 antibodies for each death, i.e., more than twice the number of reported “cases” in the U.S.
It was postulated that the March/April 2020 peak was primarily due to a ~20% fraction of the population that denied the threat and continued to interact normally. Nevertheless, toward the end of 2020 the general population relaxed its vigilance and another major peak in death rates occurred, even in areas that had suffered the most in the earlier peak. A reasonable selection of parameters for population response to information about “cases” and “deaths” produced the observed interval between peaks in the model and predicted a third peak in Sept. 2021 if less than 80% of the population were vaccinated.

CONCLUSIONS

Cyclic death waves are manifestations of a classical control loop with its feedback delayed by disease progression, political controversy, and natural population inertia.
The pandemic was prolonged in the U.S. because the population chose to keep R0 near 1.0 by relaxing restrictions once the death rate subsided.
If no social restrictions had been adopted while the quality of medical care was sustained, approximately 1.6 million deaths would have resulted in the U.S. The vaccine, although developed and deployed at record speed, was too late to ameliorate this result.
Design, Development, and Testing of Best4Baby, a Mobile Health Technology to Support Exclusive Breastfeeding in India: A Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ma Tony , Chang Katie , Alyusuf Amal , Bajracharya Elina , Washio Yukiko , Kelly Patricia J. , Bellad Roopa M. , Majantashetti Niranjana S , Charantimath Umesh S , Short Vanessa L , Lalakia Parth , Jaeger Fran , Goudar Shivaprasad S , Derman Richard J
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) through 6 months of age in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is surprisingly low. In India, an LMIC, EBF rates fall well below the World Health Organization benchmark of 90%. There has been a relative lack of mobile health (mHealth) applications that specifically focus on leveraging the use of peer counselors (PCs) to support mothers as a means of increasing exclusive breastfeeding practices in LMICs.

OBJECTIVE

A key study objective was to design, develop, and test the usability of BEST4Baby, a mHealth app specifically designed to support PCs in providing in-home breastfeeding counseling support to mothers in rural India around optimal breastfeeding practices.

METHODS

To develop and test BEST4Baby, we applied behavioral theories (i.e., social cognitive theory and theory of planned behavior) to a user-centered design (UCD) process with an Agile development methodology. The approach involved stakeholders and PCs to guide BEST4Baby’s design and development including the app’s content and features. PCs were engaged through the use of focus groups with interactive wireframes. Their feedback helped finalize the design prior to development. During the 24-month study period, we conducted a feasibility test of the BEST4Baby app with 23 PCs that supported mothers residing in rural India in a pilot study that incorporated an intervention (n=110) and control (n=112) group. The intervention protocol required PCs to provide education and follow mothers using BEST4Baby from the late prenatal stage of pregnancy through 6 months postpartum. BEST4Baby’s usability from the PCs’ perspective was assessed using a translated System Usability Scale (SUS).

RESULTS

The findings of this study align with best practices in UCD (i.e., understand user experience, context with iterative design with stakeholders) to address EBF barriers. It led to the cultural tailoring and contextual alignment of an evidence-based WHO breastfeeding program with iterative design and Agile development of the BEST4Baby app. The approach translated to a highly usable BEST4BABY app for employment by PCs for breastfeeding counseling that has been shown to statistically increase EBF practices. PCs rated BEST4Baby as highly usable, scoring it over the 95th percentile on the SUS scale.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings suggest that BEST4Baby was highly usable and accepted by PCs in supporting mothers in their EBF practices and led to positive outcomes in the intervention group’s EBF rates. The pilot demonstrated that the use of the specially designed BEST4Baby app was an important support tool for PCs during the nine home visitations.
The Current State and Validity of Digital Assessment Tools for Psychiatry: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Martin-Key Nayra A , Spadaro Benedetta , Funnell Erin , Barker Eleanor Jane , Schei Thea Sofie , Tomasik Jakub , Bahn Sabine
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Given the role digital technologies are likely to play in the future of mental health care, there is a need for a comprehensive appraisal of the current state and validity (ie, screening or diagnostic accuracy) of digital mental health assessments.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review is to explore the current state and validity of question-and-answer–based digital tools for diagnosing and screening psychiatric conditions in adults.

METHODS

This systematic review was based on the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome framework and was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, ASSIA, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were systematically searched for articles published between 2005 and 2021. A descriptive evaluation of the study characteristics and digital solutions and a quantitative appraisal of the screening or diagnostic accuracy of the included tools were conducted. Risk of bias and applicability were assessed using the revised tool for the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2.

RESULTS

A total of 28 studies met the inclusion criteria, with the most frequently evaluated conditions encompassing generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, and any depressive disorder. Most of the studies used digitized versions of existing pen-and-paper questionnaires, with findings revealing poor to excellent screening or diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity=0.32-1.00, specificity=0.37-1.00, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.57-0.98) and a high risk of bias for most of the included studies.

CONCLUSIONS

The field of digital mental health tools is in its early stages, and high-quality evidence is lacking.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/25382
Cognition and Experience of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus to Obtain Health Information Through the Internet: A Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jiang Feng , Huang Jin , Zhao Meicun , Xu Rong
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

The rapid development of the Internet has been providing more convenient information services for patients with diabetes mellitus and more and more patients choose to obtain diabetes-related information through the Internet. The different quality of health information on the Internet often makes it difficult for patients to obtain real and effective information.

OBJECTIVE

To further understand the cognition and experience of patients with DM to obtain health information through the Internet.

METHODS

Objective sampling method was adopted to select patients with DM in a grade 3A hospital in Changsha from August to September, 2020. Phenomenological research method in qualitative research was used to conduct semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi seven-step analysis was used to analyze the interview data and extract the topics.

RESULTS

A total of 13 patients were interviewed in this study. The cognition and experience of patients with DM on access to online health information can be divided into three major themes and seven sub-themes: (1) motivations for Internet information acquisition, which include perceived information does not match demands and finding the experience of others; (2) Internet Information acquisition requirements, including acquiring knowledge related to DM and obtaining information efficiently; and (3) obstacles to online information access, including doubt the authenticity of network information, difficult to judge the true or false information and limited eHealth literacy.

CONCLUSIONS

This study shows that there are both facilitating factors and impeding factors in patients’ accessing diabetes-related information on the Internet, which suggests that medical staffs should guide patients to obtain real and effective health information, the government should strengthen the construction of health websites to enhance patients’ experience of obtaining online health information to make better use of the advantages of the Internet.
Health Care Professionals’ Experiences and Perspectives on Using Telehealth for Home-Based Palliative Care: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Lundereng Elias David , Nes Andrea Aparecida Goncalves , Holmen Heidi , Winger Anette , Thygesen Hilde , Jøranson Nina , Borge Chrstine Råheim , Chen Weiqin , Dajani Olav , Mariussen Kari L , Steindal Simen A
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Telehealth seems feasible for use in home-based palliative care. However, acceptance among health care professionals (HCPs) is essential for the successful delivery of telehealth in practice. No scoping review has mapped the experiences and perspectives of HCPs on the use of telehealth for home-based palliative care.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this review is to systematically map published studies on HCPs’ experiences and perspectives on the use of telehealth in home-based palliative care.

METHODS

The proposed scoping review will employ the methodology of Arksey and O’Malley. This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P). A systematic search will be performed in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED), and Web of Science for studies published between January 2000 and July 5, 2021. We will also hand search the reference lists of included papers to identify additional studies of relevance. The search will be updated in 2022. Pairs of authors will independently assess the eligibility of studies and extract data. The first 2 stages of thematic synthesis will be used to thematically organize the data. Because the scoping review methodology consists of reviewing and collecting data from publicly available materials, this study does not require ethics approval.

RESULTS

The database searches; testing of eligibility criteria; and screening of titles, abstracts, and full-text papers will be performed by fall 2021. The results from this scoping review will be presented as a descriptive summary of the results from all included papers, and will be inductively organized into descriptive themes. A frequency table illustrating which papers were included in which descriptive themes will be made. Results are anticipated by the fall of 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

A mapping of studies could identify research gaps regarding HCPs’ experiences and perspectives on the use of telehealth in home-based palliative care and may determine the value and feasibility of conducting a full systematic review.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/33305
Mapping Research Trends of mHealth-Based Weight Management from 2010 to 2020: A Bibliometric Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Zheng Xu , Nuo Mingfu , An Kai , Liu Yi , He Yunfan , Liang Jun , Lei Jianbo
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Obesity and overweight have become major public health issues worldwide. mHealth is considered a potential novel strategy to intervene in overweight and obesity. The number of mHealth applications is currently large and growing rapidly, but the mechanisms and effects of their influence on users' health behaviors have not been fully elucidated.

OBJECTIVE

A systematic review of research on the application of mHealth to promote weight loss behaviors over the past 10 years is presented to understand the global progress of research findings on mHealth for weight loss and to deepen the systematic and comprehensive understanding of the field.

METHODS

A systematic review was conducted using 9 databases as search platforms. All published studies on the application of mHealth to promote weight loss between 2010 and 2020 were retrieved. The data obtained from these published studies were cleaned and structured. Excel (Microsoft Corp), VOSviewer (Nees Jan van Eck and Ludo Waltman) and the bibliometrix package in R were used to perform bibliometric analysis of publication trends, authorship, and research hot spots.

RESULTS

A total of 1900 articles were obtained during the initial screening, and 1561 articles were found to meet the study criteria after manual screening. We found that the number of publications is increasing rapidly, with an average annual growth rate of 20.84. A total of 7326 authors published in 613 different journals and conferences, and 39% of the articles were published in 20 core journals, including JMIR mHealth and uHealth, BMC Public Health, and Journal of Medical Internet Research. Among them, JMIR mHealth and uHealth was far ahead of the other journals in terms of growth rate and volume of publications. Among all authors, the largest number of authors were from the United States and Australia. There were 10 top authors with more than 15 total publications. The key themes of research were divided into 3 broad categories (population, behavior and interventions), and the focus of research gradually shifted over the decade from exploring the theoretical basis of mHealth to how to facilitate its application, with community information services and fitness and exercise mHealth applications as emerging and under-researched topics within the field.

CONCLUSIONS

In terms of overall trends, research on the application of mHealth to promote weight loss is of great interest, and a relatively popular subfield is the study of mHealth for exercise and fitness. From the research content, it was found that the effect of a single exercise intervention at the individual level is limited, and there is a need to explore multidimensional and effective intervention models for individuals, families, and society, starting with diversified health behaviors such as nutritional support and health monitoring.
Toward Human Digital Twins for Cybersecurity Simulations on the Metaverse: Ontological and Network Science Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Nguyen Tam N
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND

Cyber defense is reactive and slow. On average, the time-to-remedy is hundreds of times larger than the time-to-compromise. In response, Human Digital Twins (HDTs) offer the capability of running massive simulations across multiple domains on the Metaverse. Simulated results may predict adversaries' behaviors and tactics, leading to more proactive cyber defense strategies. However, current HDTs’ cognitive architectures are underdeveloped for such use.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to make a case for extending the current digital cognitive architectures as the first step toward more robust HDTs that are suitable for realistic Metaverse cybersecurity simulations.

METHODS

This study formally documented 108 psychology constructs and thousands of related paths based on 20 time-tested psychology theories, all of which were packaged as Cybonto—a novel ontology. Then, this study applied 20 network science centrality algorithms in ranking the Cybonto psychology constructs by their influences.

RESULTS

Out of 108 psychology constructs, the top 10 are Behavior, Arousal, Goals, Perception, Self-efficacy, Circumstances, Evaluating, Behavior-Controllability, Knowledge, and Intentional Modality. In this list, only Behaviors, Goals, Perception, Evaluating, and Knowledge are parts of existing digital cognitive architectures. Notably, some of the constructs are not explicitly implemented. Early usability tests demonstrate that Cybonto can also be useful for immediate uses such as manual analysis of hackers’ behaviors and automatic analysis of behavioral cybersecurity knowledge texts.

CONCLUSIONS

The results call for specific extensions of current digital cognitive architectures such as explicitly implementing more refined structures of Long-term Memory and Perception, placing a stronger focus on noncognitive yet influential constructs such as Arousal, and creating new capabilities for simulating, reasoning about, and selecting circumstances.
Introduction: Pluralism, Contestation, and the Rule of Law
Authors: Cherry Keith
Published: September 2021

Around the world, the current political conjuncture is one of profound challenges for constitutionalism and the rule of law. In the United States, the executive has willfully engaged in a prolonged attempt to weaponize the machinery of the state and radicalize public opinion in order to undermine a democratic election. In the European Union, the increasingly authoritarian relationship between the executive and the judiciary in Poland and Hungary is posing the most profound threat to European constitutionalism in decades. In Hong Kong, the Chinese state is actively seeking to undermine legislative and judicial independence in the face of unprecedented pro-democracy mobilizations. In India, Lebanon, Bolivia, and elsewhere mass mobilizations are challenging, and being suppressed in the name of, the rule of law. Here in Canada, the Wet’suwet’en and their supporters, as well as the Tsleil Waututh, Haudenosaunee, L’nu (Mi’kmaq), Inuit, and members of countless other Indigenous nations are contesting the very nature of the rule of law, as they assert Indigenous laws against the law enforcement of the colonial state. Around the world, the use of emergency powers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic is also raising profound constitutional concerns.
Bringing the Mixed Constitution Back In
Authors: Liston Mary
Published: September 2021

No doubt exists that the separation of powers is a fundamental architectural principle in Canadian public law jurisprudence. But what about the idea of a mixed constitution? A simple CanLII search for “mixed constitution” turns up six cases. In five1 of these cases, the search reveals the following phrases: “pre-mix constituted goods,” “the mix constituting the excavated material,” “the Owners’ mixes constitute ‘bread and rolls’,” “the improper mixing constituted a fraudulent misrepresentation,” and “quality control for the asphalt mix constituted.” Clearly baking and aggregate blends figure largely in constituted mixes, but the constitutional jurisprudential sense is largely absent. That said, concerns about pre-mixing, constituted goods, excavating, improper mixing, and quality control do have some salience for the discussion that follows.
Are There “Sources of Resilience” When the Separation of Powers Breaks Down?
Authors: Tremblay Arjun
Published: September 2021

Jacob Levy describes three variants of the separation of powers in the 31st Annual McDonald Lecture in Constitutional Studies, only one of which is germane to this reflection. The first variant he describes is based solely on the independence of the judiciary from both the executive and legislative branches of governments; consequently, this variant encompasses both presidential and parliamentary systems under its conceptual ambit. Another variant, which Levy attributes to Montesquieu, envisages the separation of powers between executive, judicial, and legislative branches as a way of allowing for the “pooled”1 rule of “the one” (i.e. monarch), “the few” (i.e. aristocrats), and “the many” (i.e. the people). Levy also describes a distinctly American variant of the separation of powers undergirded by a system of checks and balances. This variant was designed to ensure “mutual monitoring between executive and legislative”2 and it vests the legislative branch with the power to impeach the executive in order to “maintain effective limits on the political power and the political ambition of the president.”3
РЕЗИСТОРЫ – ОСНОВНЫЕ ТИПЫ И ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ. ЧАСТЬ 3
Authors: Горбачёв В. , Кочемасов В.
Published: September 2021

Рассмотрены резисторы различных типов. Приведена информация о пассивных компонентах сопротивления общего назначения.
КАК БЫСТРО И ЭФФЕКТИВНО СПРОЕКТИРОВАТЬ ИСТОЧНИК ПИТАНИЯ
Authors: Досталь Ф.
Published: September 2021

В статье рассматриваются особенности применения полуавтоматических инструментов проектирования источников питания на каждом из пяти ключевых этапов разработки этих устройств. Эти инструменты могут быть полезны как новичкам, так и опытным разработчикам.
ВОСТРЕБОВАННОСТЬ ИНЖЕНЕРНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЯЕТСЯ УСПЕХАМИ ОТРАСЛИ
Authors: Чаплыгин Ю.А.
Published: September 2021

Национальный исследовательский университет «Московский институт электронной техники» – ​ведущий российский технический университет в области высоких технологий, высшее учебное заведение с полувековой историей и традициями. Интеграция образования, науки и промышленности делают МИЭТ лидером по подготовке специалистов в области микро- и наноэлектроники, информационных технологий. Более 30 лет, вначале в качестве проректора, ректора, а с 2016 года в должности президента, в руководство университетом входит академик РАН, доктор технических наук Юрий Александрович Чаплыгин. С его именем связаны серьезные преобразования в вузе – ​проведена реорганизация кафедр и факультетов МИЭТ, начата подготовка студентов по ряду новых направлений, получил развитие учебно-­научно-производственный комплекс МИЭТ, созданы учебные центры в партнерстве с ведущими международными компаниями, расширилось сотрудничество МИЭТ с институтами РАН. Недавно Юрий Александрович отметил 70‑летний юбилей, он утвержден в должности президента МИЭТ сроком еще на 5 лет. Мы побеседовали с Юрием Александровичем об этапах становления вуза, современном состоянии российской системы высшего технического образования, перспективах развития МИЭТ.
Automated Wheelchair Controller System using IoT
Authors: V Rajath.
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The require of numerous paralyzed, disabled and dazzle people groups are fulfilled with manual wheelchair, but it finds troublesome to the impaired people groups to depend upon others continuously and indeed manual wheelchair makes troublesome to function through the joystick. There is a computerized based inquire about going through the wheelchair improvement but through of our framework we utilized sensors and insights-based algorithm which minimize the human exertion conjointly it makes the debilitated individual to function effortlessly without challenges. Our objective is to design and execute a wheelchair with different conceivable outcomes for the impaired people to function a wheelchair through voice acknowledgment, touch show conjointly mechanized GPS tracking moving wheelchair through line taking after. Where debilitated people can effectively connect with wheelchair through any one of these sources conjointly the wheelchair is adjusted without falling utilizing accelerometer sensor conjointly impediment recognizing sensor has been introduced for the security. Keywords: GPS Tracking, Sensors, Motors, Voice Recognize, Arduino
Globalization and the Impact of Culture on Leadership and Management in Nigeria
Authors: Haruna Joel Bulus
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This study is set out to investigate the “Globalization and the impact of culture on leadership and management in Nigeria”. Relevant data were drawn from selected staff and managers from selected organizations in Lagos, using a wellstructured questionnaire. The result of the findings revealed that, there is a significant impact of globalization on management practices of organizations in Nigeria. There is also a significant relationship between leadership and management practices and significant impact of culture on management practices in Nigeria. It is recommended that Nigerian institutions need to be aware of global best practice and culture if they are to be successful in going global.
Study on some Medico-Religious Plants of Kinnaur (Himachal Pradesh)
Authors: Pathania Dhirendra Singh
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Himachal Pradesh, the mountains state of India is famous for its religious culture, traditions and its unique flora. People of this state are highly religious and variety of rituals related to deities is performed in various ways by local -people. These rituals not only show humans relations with plant but also help in conserving these plants. The present study is carried out in various villages of district Kinnaur of Himachal Pradesh, regarding the medico-religious plant used by the locals in our own socio-culture and religious activities. The information regarding the utilization of medico-religious plants in socio-cultural and religious activities was collected through the personal observation understand how tribal’s of Kinnaur district are dependent on medicinal and religious plants to safeguard their inherent socio-cultural and religious activities. Keyword: Medico-religious, Kinnaur, Himachal, Tribes, Flowers, Sacred plants
Culinary Tour A La Millennials (An Exploratory Study in Ubud)
Authors: Wiwiek Agustina Ni Ketut
Published: September 2021

Ubud as one of the wellknown tourists’ destinations in Bali Province, currently is developing the potency on culinary for tourism. Nowadays Ubud is also becoming the interests of millennial tourists to visit. Millenn ial tourists represent 27 % of the global population or around 2 billion people. On average, they take 35 days of vacation each year with the typical of preferring experience the most. Therefore, this research is designed by exploratory study approach and the aims are to analyze and identify the interests of millennial tourists to visit Ubud for the purpose of tasting and enjoying culinary for the sake of tourism. Primary data is collected using semi-structured interviews with respondents as many as 30 (thirty) millennial visitors or tourists in Ubud. Through a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, this research explores millenials’ thoughts and motivation of culinary tourists in Ubud. For the result, this study indicates millennials tourists’ respondents have a high interest in culinary tours.  Ubud is considered to offer a large selection of local culinary delights of good taste and quality; calm, comfortable, and nice view and atmosphere; and is a favorite destination for tourists. Sources of information about culinary tours in Ubud are recommendations from friends / relatives and social media. This study also includes exploratory observations regarding the food menu, location, facilities, and security in Ubud District. For wider perspectives on culinary tours a la millennials, further research is encouraged in other areas and interests.
Investigating The Impact of Sensory Experience on Budget Hotel Rooms to Maximize Guests Satisfaction
Authors: Wirakusuma Reiza Miftah , Samudra Anak Agung Anom , Sumartini Ni Kadek
Published: September 2021

This study aims to investigate the sensory experience from guests who have stayed at a budget hotel in Bandung, West Java Province. Although only offers low prices, simple facilities, and less spacious room, yet a budget hotel has been able to maximize comfort and satisfaction for their guests. Subsequently, the number of budget hotels increase significantly in the past few decades and create different themes for hospitality industry. These themes create unique experience and they are felt by five senses of guests during their visits. The experience is divided into visual, tactile, gustatory, auditory, and olfactory. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive analysis from 145 questionnaires which were collected on the field. The results showed that the sensory experience had a dominant impact on guest satisfaction in staying at a budget hotel, especially in tactile and visual.
Implementasi Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Mata Kuliah Pengantar Multimedia Menggunakan App Inventor Berbasis Android
Authors: Basrul Basrul , Hazrullah Hazrullah , Azlina Nora
Published: September 2021

App Inventor 2 was used to construct interactive media for multimedia introductory classes. However, the study was conducted by employing the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) technique. The Concept, design, material collection, assembling, testing, and distribution are the six stages that run up the whole method. The results showed that the validation of media experts was in range 79% and categorized as feasible. While the validation results of material experts are 73% and categorized as feasible. The results of the test on users obtained 84% and stated that the interactive media is acceptable and feasible to be applied as teaching and learning facilities in terms of the introductory multimedia courses.
Analisis Kelayakan Air Berbasis Android
Authors: Sutarwiah Alia , Fajri B Alfit , Abda’oe Faisal , Deviano B Fredly , Dermawan M. Ali , Utomo Restu Mukti
Published: September 2021

This research was conducted to identify the test of the water quality which good for consumption. It can be proved from temperature, turbidity level, and TDS (Total Dissolved Solids). By tempting the sensor, the turbidity and TDS meter controlled with the Arduino uno and the MCU node is forwarded to send data to the bylink application. The bylink application will help in monitoring water conditions by displaying the water condition which fit for consuming. The method used in this research was started with making a prototype then producing data to determine the feasibility of water through the TDS sensor, temperature sensor, and NTU (water clarity). This indicators were developed on an Android system whom the user could determine feasibility water easier.