bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Breast Cancer Registry of IR. Iran (CBCR-IR): Study Protocol and First Results
Authors: Seyyedsalehi Monireh Sadat , Nahvijou Azin , Haghjooy Javanmard Shaghayegh , Vand Rajabpour Mojtaba , Manteghinejad Amirreza , Pirnejad Habibollah , Niazkhani Zahra , Golpazir Sorkheh Arash , Baniamer Maryam , Anasari Jamshid , Bahrami Masoud , Marzban Maryam , Esfandiari Atefeh , Ghoreishi Seyedeh Masoumeh , Nikbakhsh Novin , Baharvand Iran Nia Yahya , Ahmadi Somaghian Shahram , Ashoobi Mohammad Taghi , Bakhshi Fataneh , Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza , Bakhshi Mahdieh , Moradi Binabaj Maryam , Nourmohammadi Hassan , Omranipour Ramesh , Zendehdel Kazem
Published: February 2024

Background: Breast cancer (BC), as a significant global health problem, is the most common cancer in women. Despite the importance of clinical cancer registries in improving the quality of cancer care and cancer research, there are few reports on them from low- and middle-income countries. We established a multicenter clinical breast cancer registry in Iran (CBCR-IR) to collect data on BC cases, the pattern of care, and the quality-of-care indicators in different hospitals across the country. Methods: We established a clinical cancer registry in 12 provinces of Iran. We defined the organizational structure, developed minimal data sets and data dictionaries, verified data sources and registration processes, and developed the necessary registry software. During this registry, we studied the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with cancer who were admitted from 2014 onwards. Results: We registered 13086 BC cases (7874 eligible cases) between 1.1.2014 and 1.1.2022. Core needle biopsy from the tumor (61.25%) and diagnostic mammography (68.78%) were the two most commonly used diagnostic methods. Stage distribution was 2.03% carcinoma in situ, 12% stage I, 44.65% stage II, 21.32% stage III, and 4.61% stage IV; stage information was missing in 1532 patients (19.46%). Surgery (95.01%) and chemotherapy (79.65%) were the most common treatments for all patients. Conclusion: The information provided by this registry can be used to evaluate and improve the quality of care for BC patients. It will be scaled up to the national level as an important resource for measuring quality of care and conducting clinical cancer research in Iran.
Breast Cancer Sentinel Lymph Node Detection Rate: First Large Scale Multi-Centric Data for Technetium Phytate
Authors: Omranipour Ramesh , Abassi Mehrshad , Nazarian Newsha , Gholami Bardia , Heydari Samareh , Eslami Bita , Abdollahi Alireza , Alipour Sadaf
Published: February 2024

Background: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with injection of radiopharmaceuticals is now the standard of care for staging the axilla in patients with breast cancer. Sulfur or antimony colloids labeled with 99mTechnetium (Tc) are used globally for the procedure, with a detection rate of 94%. However, in Iran, Tc phytate has been used because it is more easily producible in the country. The detection rate with Tc phytate has not been well determined in large-scale studies. Objective: We performed this study to report the detection rate of SLNB with Tc phytate, its advantages and disadvantages using large multicentric data. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional multicenter study. Participants were breast cancer patients without previous history of axillary surgery, who underwent sentinel node biopsy using Tc phytate on the morning of surgery or the day before. The detection rate was calculated as the number of patients with histologically positive sentinel nodes to all patients with histologically positive lymph nodes; we compared those injected on the day of surgery and those injected on the day before. Results: Overall, 2663 women aged 50.2±11.6 years were included. The detection rate was 91.8% (806 out of 878). The false negative rate was 8.2% overall, and statistically similar for injections on the day or the day before surgery (2.9 vs 2.1; P=0.32). Conclusion: Tc phytate has a good detection rate for breast radio-guided SLNB with similar result for injections on the surgery day or the day before it.
Resilience and Suicidal Thoughts in Young People: Based on the Rafsanjan Youth Cohort Study
Authors: Sadeghi Marjan , Ahmadinia Hassan , Ayoobi Fatemeh , Rezaeian Mohsen
Published: February 2024

Background: Suicide is a serious public health problem, and suicide attempt is defined as one of the important indicators of mental health in a society. The present study investigated the relationship between resilience and suicidal thoughts in Rafsanjani youth. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study examined 3006 young people aged 15-35 who referred to Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS). Connor and Davidson’s questionnaire was used to measure resilience. The data, including demographic characteristics and cases related to suicide, were extracted from the computer system, which is part of the Rafsanjan Youth Cohort Program. Independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Tukey’s post-hoc test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression model were used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 3006 individuals were studied, of whom 1685 (56.1%) were women, and 1321 (43.9%) were men. The average age of the participants was 25.75±6.09 years. Men had a significantly higher average score of resilience (P<0.001) and suicidal thoughts (P=0.002) than women. In addition, the average score of suicidal thoughts in divorced and widowed people was significantly higher than single and married people (P=0.029). It was shown that older age groups had higher average resilience (P<0.001) and fewer suicidal thoughts (P=0.003), and people over 30 years had the lowest average suicidal thoughts. Conclusion: The results indicate an inverse and significant relationship between resilience and suicidal thoughts in both men and women. Therefore, more evaluations are necessary to investigate the factors affecting resilience and take measures to improve it among young people.
Major Manifestations of Gorlin Syndrome in a Patient With Hemophilia A
Authors: Hadadian Pour Elham , Haghir Amirhosein , Risbaf Fakour Sirous
Published: February 2024

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is a rare autosomal dominantly inherited condition in which constitutive pathway activity and tumor cell proliferation are disturbed due to defects in hedgehog signaling. This study reports an adult case of hemophilia A suspected of having Gorlin syndrome. There is no similar evidence in the literature to describe the association between these disorders. NBCCS is characterized by the development of multiple basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). The case presented in this study had two major manifestations of NBCCS, including the calcification of the falx cerebri and the presence of keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOTs); however, no minor manifestations of NBCCS were found in this case. On the other hand, given the financial restrictions, it was impossible to perform a genetic examination to confirm the presence of NBCCS.
Study of LIF, NR3C1, BCL6, miR-494, and miR-30d in Endometrial Epithelial Cells of Repeated Implantation Failure and Healthy Women Treated with Calcitriol and Letrozole in a Fibrin Scaffold
Authors: Goharitaban Sepide , Hamdi Kobra , Khazaei Mozafar , Esmaeilivand Masoumeh , Niknafs Behrooz
Published: February 2024

Background: Determining the exact time of window of implantation (WOI) in individuals with repeated implantation failure (RIF) is necessary for successful implantation. The present study aimed to compare the effects of letrozole and/or calcitriol on the expression of receptivity markers in endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) of RIF patients and healthy fertile women. Methods: Endometrial tissue was obtained from RIF patients (n=5) and healthy women (n=5) in the proliferation phase. EECs were isolated and cultured in a fibrin scaffold in 10 groups. The cells were treated with letrozole and/or calcitriol in three types of treatment. To check the proliferation and migration of cells in the scaffold, immunofluorescent and H&E staining was used, and gene expression was checked using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: This study showed that the expression levels of pro-implantation genes (NR3C1, LIF, and miR-30d) were higher in healthy women than in RIF patients, and the expression levels of anti-implantation genes (BCL6 and miR-494) were lower in healthy women than in RIF patients. Calcitriol and letrozole increased the expression level of pro-implantation genes (NR3C1, LIF, and miR-30d) in RIF patients. Furthermore, they reduced the expression level of anti-implantation genes (BCL6 and miR-494) in RIF patients. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that treatment with letrozole is more effective than co-treatment with letrozole and calcitriol or alone treatment with calcitriol on receptivity markers in RIF patients.
Evaluación de la campaña de comunicación “Nuestra Felicidad es unir” desde criterios de RSE
Authors: Valdés León Lianelys Bárbara , Guzmán Corrales Kirk Díaz , Barreto Martínez Dianitsy
Published: February 2024

La investigación se realizó en la División Territorial de Villa Clara (DTVC) de la Empresa de Telecomunicaciones de Cuba (ETECSA), a partir de una demanda de ella para determinar el impacto de las acciones de comunicación de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE) desarrolladas durante el acompañamiento y apoyo a sus clientes en tiempos de pandemia. El objetivo fue evaluar la campaña de comunicación “Nuestra felicidad es unir”, desde criterios de la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial en la DTVC. Se empleó un enfoque mixto con diseño anidado o incrustado concurrente de modelo dominante (DIAC), donde el método cuantitativo es el dominante. Se escogieron muestras probabilísticas y no probabilísticas. Los métodos y técnicas utilizados fueron el análisis documental, el análisis de contenido, la entrevista semiestructurada y el cuestionario. Los principales resultados arrojaron dificultades en el alcance de los mensajes emitidos y en el impacto esperado, por lo que se considera necesario continuar trabajando en temas de comunicación de responsabilidad social desde la empresa hacia sus clientes.
El buen gobierno cooperativo y la administración integral de riesgos en el sistema financiero popular y solidario
Authors: Simbaña Benalcázar Edison Fernando
Published: February 2024

La Economía Popular y Solidaria responsabiliza adoptar prácticas de buen gobierno cooperativo, el compromiso universal para aplicar valores y principios cooperativistas, y prácticas de buen gobierno cooperativo. Según la Ley Orgánica de Economía Popular y Solidaria, mejorar la percepción y confianza del público en el Sistema Financiero Popular y Solidario. pero, la confianza alcanzada por las Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito es producto de estándares de prudencia financiera (administración integral de riesgos).
Se investigó la incidencia del buen gobierno cooperativo en la administración integral de riesgos, identificando parámetros normativos nacionales e internacionales aplicables para las COACs, contrastando la correlación perpetuada entre ellas para decidir  y generar un sistema de control interno, considerando los riesgos financieros, como los no financieros, como parte de la ética, moral y transparencia, que confluye en la rendición de cuentas, como una responsabilidad de sus administradores, salvaguardando así los derechos del público en general.
Se analizaron a las 10 COACs del segmento 1, registradas en el SPFS, por investigación no experimental de las variables de buen gobierno cooperativo y administración integral de riesgos, con un diseño transeccional o transversal del tipo correlacionales-causales que llevó a comprender que las de mayor cumplimiento de su situación administrativa mejoran la financiera.
Análisis y repotenciación del sistema eléctrico e inyección de un vehículo Suzuki Forsa 1
Authors: Saavedra Quishpe Joseph Alexander , Rivera E. Fabián
Published: February 2024

El presente artículo propone el análisis y la mejora del sistema eléctrico y la inyección del vehículo Suzuki Forsa 1 del Instituto Tecnológico Superior Oriente. Se emplean diversas herramientas de diagnóstico y desmontaje, como el dinamómetro, el software RaceTec R1000 y un multímetro, para diagnosticar el comportamiento del vehículo, desmontar las piezas originales y montar las piezas mejoradas. Adicionalmente, se realiza la programación de los componentes eléctricos para potenciar la seguridad y el rendimiento del vehículo. La repotenciación demuestra la importancia del rendimiento del vehículo en buen estado y su contribución al aumento de potencia y seguridad. Los resultados prerrepotenciación indican un torque de 37,4 lb.pie a 3000 RPM y una potencia de 21,4 HP a 4000 RPM. Tras la repotenciación con inyección electrónica, se obtienen 60,8 lb.pie a 3500 RPM y 40,9 HP a 4000 RPM. En consecuencia, se concluye que la repotenciación mejora las condiciones de funcionamiento. Antes de la repotenciación, con el sistema a carburador y sistema eléctrico deteriorado, la velocidad máxima era de 130 km/h; después de la repotenciación se logra alcanzar los 150 km/h.
Terapi Komplementer Akupresur Menurunkan Gejala Emesis Gravidarum Pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Samsinar Samsinar , Seman Yusda
Published: February 2024

During pregnancy, nausea and vomiting become serious problems, especially reaching extreme levels called emesis gravidarum. Pregnant women try to overcome this problem by using medicines or complementary therapies such as acupressure. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of complementary acupressure therapy in reducing the symptoms of emesis gravidarum in pregnant women. A study involving 40 pregnant women, of which 20 experienced significant symptoms, used acupressure techniques at pericardium point 6 to relieve symptoms of nausea and vomiting during the early trimester of pregnancy. This research used quasi-experimental methods (pre-test and post-test) and collected data through questionnaires RINVR and observations at Posyandu Mattirotappareng 1, Tempe District, Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The results showed a significant difference in the frequency of nausea and vomiting before and after acupressure therapy. After undergoing therapy, there was a significant reduction in the average number of nausea and vomiting events per day, decreasing from 9.0 to 5.2 times. The p-value < 0.05 indicates that acupressure therapy has a significant impact in reducing the frequency of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women. Therefore, the use of acupressure therapy at pericardium point 6 as a non-pharmacological treatment option is effective in reducing symptoms in pregnant women during the early trimester of pregnancy.
Mitigation of marine debris from land: Formulation of the best options for managing marine debris in the coastal city of Manado, Indonesia
Authors: Warouw Veibe , Mamuaja Jane M. , Pane Lindon R. , Maramis Regina U. , Lasut Markus T.
Published: February 2024

Mitigation of marine debris in Manado City, the city which is situation in front of the Manado bay, is very important in order to prevent its effect on the coastal communities and as well as for the aesthetics point of view. That activities can directly protect the ecosystem of Bunaken Marine Park (BMP), and can become an important part of the marine waste management activities especially in supporting the commitment of Indonesian government to reducing plastic waste in the sea by 70% by 2025. For this reason, a marine waste management is needed and it should be prepared based on the academic study that are comprehensive and holistic as well as effective and efficient, and also suitable for environmental condition in Manado City. The study was aimed to formulate best options for the existing marine waste management in Manado City. By using qualitative-descriptive and content-analysis methods, four aspects of managemet were studied, and they are 1) public awareness, 2) institutional arrangements, 3) regulations, policies and management plans, and 4) waste management guidelines. The data obtained were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The public awarenes was qualitatively analyzed by using two indicators, community concern and community preference. The existing marine waste management was presented based on studied aspects and the best option was proposed as recommendation for marine waste management in Manado City.
Oral Lymphangioma: An Original Series of Three Cases with Review
Authors: Dutta Sayani , Ghosh Debasmita Mitra , Sarangi Snehanjan , Ray Debarati , Ghosh Ranjan
Published: February 2024

Lymphangiomas are benign hamartomatous tumors of lymphatic origin which results from sequestration of lymphhatic tissues that do not communicate with other lymphatic channels. They may occur with hemangiomas and have high predilections for head and neck region (50-70%). They may occur at birth (60-70%) or till two years of age (90%) and rarely in adults. The most common site of occurrence in the mouth is dorsum of tongue being followed by lips, buccal mucosa, soft palate and floor of mouth. Tongue lymphangioma may present as localized or diffused growth that may result in macroglossia, impaired speech and difficulty in mastication. There are different treatment options; surgical excision being the most effective mode of treatment. Here we have reported three different cases of oral lymphangiomas, two of which occurring in the tongue and one in the buccal mucosa.
Formulasi body scrub dari kombinasi temu putih (Curcuma zedoaria) dan biji kurma (Phoenix dactylifera)
Authors: Yuliawati Yuliawati , Elisma Elisma , Utami Diah Tri , Pratiwi Puspa Dwi
Published: February 2024

Body scrub merupakan salah satu bentuk kosmetik yang digunakan untuk mengangkat sel-sel kulit mati akibat radikal bebas dari berbagai polutan dan radiasi sinar ultraviolet (UV), sehingga sel-sel kulit menjadi lebih mudah untuk beregenerasi. Kunyit putih (Curcuma zedoaria) dan biji kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung senyawa bioaktif untuk menjaga dan menutrisi kulit serta memiliki aktivitas antioksidan, selain itu biji kurma juga berpotensi sebagai exfoliating agent untuk memperlancar pelepasan sel kulit mati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memformulasi lulur yang mengandung ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit putih dan bubuk biji kurma dengan lima jenis formula (K+, K-, F1, F2, F3). Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen sejati yang meliputi formulasi dan uji stabilitas. Uji stabilitas dilakukan dengan metode Cycling test sebanyak 6 siklus (1 siklus selama 2x24 jam) pada suhu -4oC dan 40oC serta empat bulan untuk kestabilan pada suhu ruangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi organoleptik, homogenitas, dispersibilitas, daya rekat, pH dan viskositas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lulur ini tidak menunjukkan adanya perubahan pada sifat organoleptik, homogenitas, daya sebar, daya lekat, nilai pH yang memenuhi syarat sebagai sediaan lulur. Viskositas memenuhi persyaratan uji stabilitas suhu kamar dalam empat bulan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kombinasi rimpang ekstrak etanol temu putih dan serbuk biji kurma dapat diformulasikan menjadi bentuk sediaan lulur.
Cirurgia e Doenças Crônicas: Estratégias de Gestão Integrada
Authors: Casarim Fernanda Caroline Pulido , Carvalho Ana Carolina Sá de Souza , Batista Mailson Meireles , Maranhão Luiza Maria Barbosa , Silva Samuel dos Santos , Mendes Marcus Vinícius Santos , Teixeira Camila Borges , Zago Giovanna de Sousa , Mascarenha Guilherme Rodrigues , Sousa Gustavo Barbosa de , Arruda Rodrigo Theodoro Pires De , Marques Natacha da Silva Estevão Cáceres
Published: February 2024

Introdução: A combinação de cirurgia e doenças crônicas apresenta desafios únicos, visto que pacientes com doenças crônicas têm uma saúde geral mais frágil e são mais suscetíveis a complicações durante e após a cirurgia. Portanto, é essencial uma abordagem multidisciplinar e integrada no manejo perioperatório desses pacientes. Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos de uma abordagem integrada de gestão de cirurgias em pacientes com doenças crônicas, com foco na redução de complicações perioperatórias, melhoria da qualidade de vida e otimização dos resultados clínicos a longo prazo. Metodologia: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Scielo, Medline e Cochrane, buscando artigos publicados entre os anos de 2019 e 2024, nos idiomas Português ou Inglês. Considerações Finais: A gestão integrada de cirurgias em pacientes com doenças crônicas é fundamental para garantir resultados bem-sucedidos, envolvendo a colaboração estreita entre diferentes especialidades médicas, bem como uma coordenação eficaz entre os profissionais de saúde envolvidos. Assim, ao gerenciar tanto a condição crônica quanto a necessidade de cirurgia de forma integrada, é possível melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente a longo prazo, minimizando o impacto negativo da doença e maximizando os resultados da cirurgia.
O ensino sobre cuidados paliativos para o desenvolvimento de habilidades emocionais nos estudantes de medicina
Authors: Hora Maria Fernanda Targino , Lima Luana Brunelly Araujo de , Bispo Laura Dayane Gois , Resende Luana Teles de , Oliveira Alexandre Salomão de Braz
Published: February 2024

Introdução: Para oferecer dignidade e diminuição do sofrimento durante o tratamento, os cuidados paliativos demandam de aptidões emocionais, como empatia e autoconfiança, para a sua concretização. Objetivo: Enunciar a importância do estudo dos cuidados paliativos para o desenvolvimento de habilidades emocionais dos estudantes de medicina. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, contendo artigos dos últimos dez anos. Foram selecionados vinte e cinco artigos, publicados na base de dados PubMed, triados a partir dos descritores “Palliative Care” e “Medical Students”, sendo incluídos apenas os artigos que relacionavam os dois descritores. Resultados: Após a análise na íntegra, surgiram duas categorias a serem discutidas: o incentivo à educação médica dos cuidados paliativos e a incorporação de habilidades médicas nestes cuidados pelos estudantes de medicina. Conclusão: O aprofundamento do estudo dos cuidados paliativos permitirá o desenvolvimento de habilidades emocionais essenciais para a prática médica.
Boko Haram’s Terrorist Campaign in Nigeria
Authors: Botha Sven
Published: February 2024

Boko Haram has fast become one of the world’s most notorious terrorist groups. The longevity of Boko Haram, coupled with its dynamic nature, necessitates that scholars keep abreast with a vast and intersectional array of developments. As a result, much ink has been spilt providing analysis and insight into the group’s motives, activities, internal politics, tactics, and future trajectories. Boko Haram’s ever-green endurance both in Nigeria and the wider West African region paves the way for a scholarly momentum which Oriola, Onuoha and Oyewole’s edited collection aligns with. The book has 12 chapters which are split across five thematic areas, namely: gender, the media, displacement, non-state actors, human rights, and non-state actors. It is beyond the scope of this review to place each chapter under the microscope. Instead, the reviewer will highlight some of the most important contributions the book makes to the academic discourse on Boko Haram. Chapter three (by Oyewole and Onuoha) provides the reader with a comprehensive account of the Dapachi Kidnapping of 2018; this contribution is significant as much scholarship as focused on the Chibok Kidnappings of 2014. Oyewole and Onuoha unpack why the Dapachi Kidnappings took place, placing an emphasis on the need for Boko Haram to portray itself as a resilient origination so as to appear appealing to prospective members, to raise funds (by means of hostage negotiations), and rewarding hardworking foot solders with ‘wives’ and sex slaves. Furthermore, context is given to Dapachi’s geographical and political vulnerability vis-à-vis Boko Haram’s terrorist campaign.
PROGRAMA DE EXERCÍCIOS NA REDUÇÃO DO IMPACTO DA OSTEOPOROSE NA SINDROME DA FRAGILIDADE
Authors: Mello Alves Rodrigues Ana Carolina , Reis Tinini Rodolpho Cesar , CRUZ NADJA , Pereira de Jesus Ely Carlos , Silva Mendes Durães Keilla , Freitas Souto Vanessa , Colares Maia Luciana , Gabrielle Ribeiro Amanda
Published: February 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A osteoporose caracteriza-se pela diminuição da densidade óssea e degeneração microscópica dos ossos, aumentando a fragilidade e a propensão a fraturas, afetando cerca de 50% das mulheres com idade ≥50 anos. A avaliação pelo IVCF-20 é crucial para identificar as alterações clinico-funcionais decorrentes da fragilidade e osteoporose, associado a prática de exercício físico para melhora da funcionalidade, mobilidade e qualidade de vida dos idosos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo do estudo foi comparar o efeito do exercício no índice de vulnerabilidade clínico-funcional de idosas frágeis e com osteoporose.  MÉTODOS: Vinte idosas do sexo feminino com diagnóstico de osteoporose, atendidas no Centro de Referência em Assistência à Saúde do Idoso - Eny Faria De Oliveira – CRASI, foram avaliadas por meio do IVCF-20 antes e depois de 10 sessões de fisioterapia. Os 8 domínios que compõem o IVCF-20 foram analisados individualmente. RESULTADOS: Nossos resultados mostram que os 10 atendimentos promoveram melhoras, porém sem diferença significativa nos domínios do IVCF-20 pré e pós-tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo mostra que um programa de exercícios com o fisioterapeuta é capaz de promover melhoras nas atividades de vida diárias, cognição, humor e mobilidade de pacientes idosas com osteoporose. Contudo, para alcançar resultados significativos na saúde é necessário maior tempo de tratamento.
A SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE ON LAW AND POLICY FOR SENIOR CITIZENS IN THE PRESENT SCENARIO
Authors: Ravani Ukti Nayudu
Published: February 2024

Caring for the old: On the United Nations Population Funds India Ageing Report 2023; Indias elderly population to double by 2050, surpassing number of children, are some of the news articles that are circulating with a cautionary note on the rapid rise of old age population and its effects on society.
A perusal of these stories reveals a concerning rise in the number of senior citizens, with one in five people predicted to reach the status of a senior citizen.
The UN has noted that the worldwide trend of population ageing is irreversible. Globally, the population of 65 years or older is expected to more than double by 2050. The population that is 80 years of age or older is ageing much more quickly.
With an alarming increase globally, it may be argued that the exceeding increase will have consequences in the sectors of health, economy, and society.
To handle this situation, it is essential that this population has access to their basic rights and necessities.
The paper aims to study the law and policy for senior citizens in the present scenario. It sets the backdrop with a review of the factors that contribute to the isolation of senior citizens, followed by a statistical analysis of their demographics. The problems faced by senior citizens are mentioned and the measures to dealing with the aforementioned are discussed in the form of public policies, legislations and constitutional provisions and its implementation through observations of recent judgements.
KEYWORDS: Senior Citizen, Public Policy, Legislation, Judgement, Socio-legal perspective
FEMINISM PORTRAYED IN THE MAIN CHARACTER OF MOVIE MALEFICENT 2 MISTRESS OF EVIL
Authors: Gusti Ayu Krisna dewi , I Made Iwan Indrawan Jendra  , I Komang Sulatra
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Feminism is manifested worldwide and it is represented by various institutions committed to activity on behalf of women's rights and interests. This study used maleficent 2 mistress of evil movie by Robert Stromberg. In this movie there is nine main character there are Maleficent, Aurora, Prince Phillip, Diaval, Queen Ingrith, King John, Conall, and Borra. This study has two aims: (1) to identify the types of feminism depicted in the movie through the main characters, and (2) to analyze how the characters died fighting for their rights. The study was based on Tong's (1998) theory, and the data has been collected by watching the movie repeatedly. To observe the main characters' conversation, a descriptive study and textual analysis have been used. According to the findings of this study, liberal feminism is the most often portrayed type of feminism. The main characters in the story struggled to gain independence and their rights. Maleficent and Aurora were successful in uniting two kingdoms and bringing the moors and people together in peace and happiness. This study used the documentation method to collect the data and the method used in analyzing data was qualitative.
ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE STYLE IN DIALOGUE WITH JACK MA, ALIBABA GROUP, KIEF 2019
Authors: Hermanus Tanggung  , I Gusti Bagus Wahyu Nugraha Putra  , I Komang Sulatra
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study is to analyse the language style used by Jack Ma in the video “Dialogue with Jack Ma, Alibaba Group, Kief 2019”. This research is conducted by applying the theory five types of language style proposed by Joos (1967). The data were taken from the conversation between Nik Gowing as the host, Jack Ma as the guest and audience business in Ukraine. This research used qualitative method in analysing the data. This study found three types of language style used in dialogue Jack Ma, Alibaba group. The study found formal style, consultative style and casual style on this research. Formal style is used dominantly found in the dialogue. The use of formal style by a word of choice, situation and condition, participant and place. In this style the researcher found six data, while in the casual style, the researcher found five data, for the consultative style, the researcher found five data used by Jack Ma in the video” Dialogue with Jack Ma, Alibaba Group, Kief 2019.
Deixis Found in Joe Biden’s Inauguration Speech
Authors: Kadek Nita Mahasuari  , Ni Made Ayu Widiastuti  , Ni Luh Ketut Mas Indrawati
Published: February 2024

This research is entitled Deixis found in Joe Biden’s inauguration speech. The aims are to identify deixis types and their functions. The data were collected through the observation method that was done by the note-taking technique. The concept of deixis proposed by Levinson was used to support the data analysis, as well as the qualitative method was used to analyse the selected data into their types of deixis and continued by identifying its functions in the grammatical constituent and the relational information in social deixis. Then, the data analysis was presented using the informal method. The result of the analysis shows that there are five categories of deixis found in Joe Biden's inaugural speech, involving person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, discourse deixis, and social deixis. The functions of each deixis type can be seen in the person deixis which has the function in the form of a personal pronoun. Place deixis has the function of a locative adverb and the adverbial of time is used to express temporal deixis in the speech. Discourse deixis takes the shape of the object of demonstrative pronoun, while social deixis takes the form of relational information to identify a person's authority.
Semiotic Analysis in Downy Collection Advertisement
Authors: Pratami Nadya , Devi Santika  , Verayanti Utami
Published: February 2024

In an advertisement there must be some verbal and visual signs are used. The signs also have certain meaning to deliver the message of the product or service.The study was conducted by observation method in order to obtain detail information. The method that used in analyzing this study is descriptive qualitative method. The analysis used the theory proposed by Saussure (1983:65) to analyze and described verbal and visual signs and to analyze the meaning of verbal and visual signs of the advertisements used theory from Barthes (1967) about the denotative and connotative meaning supported by theory of color by Wierzbicka (1996). Through the analysis the researcher found there are 72 data of verbal and visual signs divided into 38 connotative meanings and 34 denotative meanings. The denotative meaning in this research consists of the name of products, ingredients, also functions of each product. In the other hand, the connotative meaning consists of the statement in the advertisement, the color, the background,and also the model used in each advertisement that has hidden meaning.
Translation Methods of Noun Phrases in "Everything, Everything" Novel by Nichola Yoon into Indonesian
Authors: Adi Ni Ketut Sri Atik Oktari , Ni Made Verayanti Utami  , I Gusti Agung Sri Rwa Jayantini
Published: February 2024

This research deals with the translation method of noun phrase found in Everything, Everything novel by Nichola Yoon into Indonesian. This study aims to identify translation methods of noun phrases. The data were taken from Everything, Everything novel by Nichola Yoon. Theory of translation method by Newmark (1988) is used to analyze the data found. Descriptive qualitative method is used to analyze the translation methods of noun phrases. As the result, all the eight types of translation methods of noun phrases are found with total of the data are 776 data which is percentage were 70 data (9.0%) for Word-For- Word Translation, 139 data (17,9%) for Literal Translation, 516 data (66,5%) for Faithful

Translation, 1 data (0,1%) for Semantic Translation, 1 data (0,1%) for Adaptation translation, 46 data (5,9%) for Free Translation, 2 data (0,2%) for Idiomatic Translation, and 1 data (0,1) for Communicative translation.
Directives Function on the UP Movie
Authors: Ni Kadek Yuni Ernayanti  , I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani Santika  , Ni Wayan Suastini
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Speech act is the part of people utterances. In order to make the hearer to do the what the speaker wants, directives type of ilocutionary act can be used to this situation. This study used the theory proposed by Yule (1996) about the types of illocutionary act in ordered to answer the first problem. Meanwhile to answer the second problem this study used the theory meaning that proposed by Leech (1981) and the theory proposed by Halliday (1989) about the context of situation. This study were used the descriptive qualitative method. There are 16 directives data that were analyzed in this study. According to the analysis there are 13(18,25%) in the function of commanding, 1(6,25%) data in the function of orders, 1(6.25%) data in the function of requests and 1(6,25%) in the function of suggestion. The result of this study showed that the function of command became the most dominant expression that used by the character’s utterance on the UP movie. Besides that there are four types of meaning that found on the character’s utterance which conduct of the directives types of illocutionary act on the UP movie. Those data are included 10 (62,5%) data of conceptual meaning, 4(25%) data of connotative meaning, 1(6,25%) data of social meaning and 1(6,25%) data of thematic meaning.

Key words: Illocutionary act, Implied Meaning, UP Movie
Compound Words in The Land of Stories The Wishing Spell Novel By Chris Colfer
Authors: Kadek Indiani Swari  , I Gusti  Bagus Wahyu Nugraha Putra  , Putu Devi Maharani
Published: February 2024

This research mainly aims at finding out the types and describing the meaning of compound words found in the novel The Land of Stories The Wishing Spell by Chris Colfer. This novel consists of 438 pages with 24 chapters. Descriptive qualitative method was used in this research to analyze the data. This research used the theory from McCarthy (2002) and Ullman (1972). The result of this research shows there are three types of compound words found, namely; compound noun, compound adjective, and compound verb with 106 total data found. Meanwhile, there are two kinds of meaning found, those are transparent and opaque meaning.
Types of Flouting Maxims Found in the Onward Movie
Authors: Ni Kadek Ardianti  , I Gusti Ayu Vina Widiadnya Putri  , I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani Santika
Published: February 2024

The aims of this study are to analyze the types of maxims that are flouted by the characters and to describe why the characters flout the maxim. This study is entitled “The Types of Flouting Maxims Found in the Onward Movie”. The study focuses on the flouting maxims in Onward movie. This study focused on the theory of Grice (1975) in analyzing the type of flouting maxims and a theory from Leech (1983) in analyzing the reason behind the maxim that was flouted by the characters in Onward movie. This study used a descriptive qualitative method and use both formal and informal methods. The result of the study showed that the types of flouting maxim found in the movie are 16 data. The dominant flouting maxim uttered by the characters in this movie is the flouting maxim of relevance with the frequency of 7 (40%).
Code Switching Found in Cinta Laura on Program Trans TV Youtube Channel
Authors: Satyawati Ni Putu , I Komang Sulatra  , Ida Bagus Gde Nova Winarta
Published: February 2024

This study aimed (1) to find out the types of code switching found in Cinta Laura’s utterances on Deddy's corner program in Trans TV and (2) to analyse the reason of code switching found in Cinta Laura’s utterances on Deddy's corner program in Trans TV. The data were utterances spoken by Cinta Laura in four videos taken from Trans TV Youtube Channel. This study used qualitative method in analysing the data. The data were collected by observation method through watching, listening and transcribing the utterances. There were two basic theories used in this study. The first theory is taken from Poplack (1980) about types of code switching and the second theory is taken from Hoffman (1991) about reasons of code switching. The result of the study shows 23 utterances of code switching. Those are intra-Sentential switching with ten 10 utterances with percentage 43,5%, 9 data of extra-sentential switching or tag switching with percentage 39,13%, 4 data of inter-sentential switching with percentage 17,39%. The most dominant reason is interjection (inserting sentence filler and sentence connector), the second reason of being emphatic about something, the third is talking about particular topic, the lowest occurrence of the reason was repetition used for clarification and intention of clarifying speech content.
Code Switching Found in “Maudy Ayunda Music” YouTube Channel
Authors: Sri Aryanti Ni Kadek , I G B Wahyu Nugraha Putra  , Putu Devi Maharani
Published: February 2024

The use of two languages within a conversation has been known as code switching. This study analyzed the code switching phenomenon as found in Maudy Ayunda Music YouTube Channel. The goals are to analyze the types and functions of code switching. Poplack’s model (1980) is applied to identify the types of code switching; meanwhile, for the code switching function, it applied Appel & Muysken’s (1987) theory. The method of descriptive qualitative is used to identify the data. In collecting the data this study applied the observation method and note-taking techniques. Three chosen videos on Maudy Ayunda Music YouTube channel are used as the data source. Furthermore, the result of the study is presented in formal and informal method. All types of code switching were found; there were inter-sentential switching, tag switching and intra-sentential switching. And then, all functions of code switching also found; there were metalinguistic function, phatic function, directive function, poetic function, expressive function and referential function. Keywords: Code switching, YouTube, Maudy Ayunda
Lexical Hedges Inn “To All Thee Boys I’ve Loved Before” Movie
Authors: Kendran Ni Kadek Kendran Damayanti , I Gusti Ayu Vinai Widiadnya Putri  , Ni Made Verayanti Utami
Published: February 2024

This study aims at identifying the variety kinds of lexical1 hedges1 employed in the movie script and to determine their purpose. The data for this study were gathered from the 2018 film "Too All the Boys I've Loved Before" using note-taking and documenting techniques. The original version of the film was produced, directed, and written by Susan Johnsons and Sofia Alvarez. Using Lakoff's theory regarding the characteristics of women's language, the data were analysed descriptively. Four lexical1 hedge examples were found in the “Too All the Boys I've Loved Before” movie, according to this analysis. It was discovered that lexical11hedges1 used in the movie are the words “well”, “you know”, “uh”, and “I thought”.
Study of Compound Sentences Found in It Ends with Us Novel by Colleen Hoover
Authors: I Kadek Agus Sugiantara  , I G B Wahyu Nugraha Putra  , Putu Devi Maharani
Published: February 2024

This study focuses on analyzing the types of coordinating conjunction in compound sentences found in novel entitled “It Ends with Us” by Colleen Hoover. The aims of this study is to find out the types of coordinating conjunction in compound sentences. In this study, it used a descriptive qualitative method in describing the types of coordination in compound sentences based on the theory that proposed by Quirk and Greenbaum (1973). The total data found were 160 data (100%). In details, the percentage of the data syndetic coordination appears 134 data or 82%. The data consist of 71 data or 44% that used and as coordinator, 35 data or 21% that used but as coordinator, 15 data or 9% that used so as coordinator, and 13 data or 8% that used two coordinator of syndetic coordination. In addition, the percentage of the data asyndetic coordination appears 24 data or 16%. The data consist of 23 data or 15% that used coma (,) as coordinator, and 1 data or 1% that used semicolon (;) as coordinator. The rest is 2 data or 2% consist of both coordinator between syndetic and asyndetic coordination in compound sentence.
Semiotic Analysis in Victoria Secret Product Advertisements
Authors: I Gede Dayuh Suryantara  , I Dewa Ayu Devi Maharani Santika  , Desak Putu Eka Pratiwi
Published: February 2024

This study concern with semiotic analysis and explains the meanings that are conveyed by verbal and non verbalsign found in Victoria Secret Product Advertisements. In analyzing this study the method that used was descriptive qualitative method to conduct a clear and well organized descriptions bout the problem. In regards of the analysis there are two theories and one supported theory applied in this research namely theory of Saussure (1983) in analyzing signifier and signified of the sign. The second theory is denotation and connotation meaning by Barthes (1986). And the last supported theory by Wierzbicka (1996) theory of colorterms. The verbal signs is to convey the information from the advertiser to the readers, meanwhile non verbalsigns used to make the advertisement look cool, attractive and impressive, but still contained the meaning that related to the product that offered in advertisements. The researcher found there are 22 data of verbal and non verbal signs Which also carried two types of meaning, those are denotation and connotation meaning Both of verbal and non verbal signs contained connotative and denotative meaning. Verbal sign consist of explanation of the product and non verbal sign consist of picture and color.
Analysis of Characterization of Main Character in the Up 2009 Movie by Pete Docter
Authors: Gede Teguh Yudistira  , Ida Bagus Gde Nova Winarta  , I Putu Andri Permana
Published: February 2024

The tittle of this thesis is An Analysis Of Characterization Of Main Character In The UP 2009 Movie By Pete Dokter. This movie tell about a old man, the name is Carl Fredricksen who full fills his promise going to the paradise fall using a flying house with many ballons and Russel, in his journey Carl and Russel pass a lot obstacles and the finally arrive in Paradise Falls. For the analysis of the main characters obtained in the UP film, there are several characters such as impolite, wild, cruel, bad thoughts, smart care, angry caring, Brave. The data which had been collected were analyzed descriptively based on the theory Kenney (1966) and theory Wellek and Warren (1956). The main character was analyzed into four categories which is simple(flat) character, complex(round) character, dynamic character and static characterFrom the result analisys there are Three dimension, from the three dimensions, there is 1 Physiological Dimension data, 19 Psychological Dimension data, and 2 Sociological Dimension data. So, in conclusion the most prominent dimension of Mr. Fredricksen is Psychological Dimension which contains 19 data.
Analysis of Figurative Language in Little Mix’s Third Album Entitled “Get Weird”
Authors: Ni Kadek Ayu Prawita  , I Gusti Ayu Vina Widnyana Putri , I Wayan Juniartha
Published: February 2024

This research aims to identify the kinds of figurative languages used in the chosen song lyrics of Little Mix album entitled "Get Weird" to examine the meanings of figurative languages in the song lyrics of Little Mix. Several song lyrics from Little Mix's album that were taken randomly are the database of this analysis. This study used a qualitative approach and formal and informal methods to describe the types of figurative language. The theory of Perrine (1970) was used to analyse the types of figurative languages, and the theory by Leech (1974) was used to describe the meaning of each type of figurative language. After the study has been finished, the researchers revealed that the chosen song lyrics of Little Mix's album consist of 10 lyrics that used figurative language. In additional to that, six types of figurative language ware found, namely Simile (10%), Personification (10%), Hyperbole (20%), Paradox (20%), Metaphor (30%), and Metonymy (10%).
Simile Figurative Language in Passenger Selected Song
Authors: Manik Sancita
Published: February 2024

This article discusses about simile figurative language in selected song lyrics of Passenger. The writer analysed five song’s lyrics of Passenger which is used as data source. The five song’s lyrics are and I Love Her, I Hate, The Wrong Direction, Things that Stop You Dreaming, Beautiful Birds. The data in this article analysed in a descriptive and qualitative way. The purpose of this article is to identify the language and meaning of the metaphorical similes found in the lyrics of selected passenger songs. The article used theory proposed by Knickerbocker and Reninger (1963) and theory proposed by Leech (1981). The result of this article found fourteen similes in the songs’ lyrics which centred around connotative and affective meaning.
Types of Code-Mixing Found in Natasha Surya’s TikTok
Authors: Ni Putu Indira Anggita Hartawan  , Putu Desi Anggerina Hikmaharyanti
Published: February 2024

This study classified the types of code-mixing contained in TikTok contents of Natasha Surya. The data sources of this research were taken from 5 TikTok videos which used many codemixing styles. This study applied a qualitative descriptive method in analyzing the data to elaborate the types of code-mixing found in the contents. The theory used in this study was the type of code-mixing theory proposed by Muysken (2000). Based on the analysis, there were two types of code-mixing; they were 5 insertions and 6 congruent lexicalizations. Insertion type was indicated by inserting a foreign word in a sentence while congruent lexicalization was a combination of more than one word shifting in a sentence to form a whole structural arrangement. Code-mixing was commonly used by bilingual people to show their skill in language and mixing words could raise the confidence. Further research was necessary to answer this hypothesis.