bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practice-based methods of bringing to legal liability for anonymous defamation on the Internet and in the media
Authors: Spytska Liana
Published: April 2024

As of 2024, the need to coordinate generally accepted standards on legal liability for anonymous defamation in the virtual space of the Internet and the media is becoming more relevant in the context of rapid technological development and digital transformation. Therefore, the study aims to identify the most common and effective approaches to bringing liability for the dissemination of false information in the virtual space of the Internet and the media. A variety of scientific and legal methods were used to achieve this goal, in particular comparison, forecasting, generalisation, system analysis, formal legal, formal logical and other methods. The author analyses the controversial aspects related to the protection of individual dignity, honour and commercial reputation of individuals in the context of the Internet, covering the basis for the emergence of legal relations in this area and the practical challenges faced by individuals seeking to protect their rights to dignity and commercial reputation violated by the dissemination of information on the Internet which is considered to be biased or inaccurate. The study shows that most national courts today reject claims aimed at protecting privacy on the Internet and do not recognise the information disseminated through this channel as unreliable, without requiring its refutation. Recommendations that can be implemented in practice to bring individuals to legal liability for false information disseminated anonymously on the Internet and in the media are developed and justified in this study. The author suggests practical ways that can be used to exert legal influence on persons who commit anonymous defamation on the Internet and the media
Wissen, Wille und Erklärungen von Maschinen
Authors: Lohmann Melinda Florina
Published: April 2024

Smarte Kühlschränke bestellen Essen, autonome Fahrzeuge Ersatzteile. Die Autorin untersucht, wie der Einsatz von algorithmischen Systemen (bzw. Maschinen) beim Vertragsschluss rechtsgeschäftlich zu bewerten ist und ob sog. Maschinenerklärungen vertragsrechtlich gültig und wirksam sind. Schwerpunkte sind der beidseitige Einsatz algorithmischer Systeme beim Vertragsschluss mittels M2M-Kommunikation und rechtlich relevantes Wissen algorithmischer Systeme (sog. Maschinenwissen). Die Autorin bespricht verschiedene Regulierungsansätze wie die Einführung von sog. Maschinenregeln oder eine (teilweise) Rechtsfähigkeit für Maschinen. Die Arbeit bietet ein einheitliches zivilrechtliches Zurechnungsmodell für Maschinenerklärungen, Maschinenverhalten und Maschinenwissen.
Endovascular Treatment Strategies for Vertebral Artery Dissection: A Single-Center Experience and Literature Review
Authors: Kim Junhyung , Park Sang Kyu , Chung Joonho
Published: April 2024

Although some vertebral artery dissection (VADs) cases heal naturally, others progress to stroke, necessitating intervention. Endovascular treatment (EVT) has gained prominence as a viable approach for addressing VADs owing to its perceived low risk of procedure-related complications and high effectiveness. In this review, we share our practical experience of this technique by incorporating the indications and methods for VAD treatment via EVT. Our EVT strategies covered the management of both ruptured and selected cases of unruptured VADs. Unruptured cases that require treatment include those complicated by lesions with recurring or progressive ischemia, large dissecting aneurysms with mass effects, early changes in the VAD structure during follow-up, and involvement of the basilar or bilateral vertebral arteries (VAs). In cases of ruptured VADs, we aimed to occlude the site of rupture through either VA occlusion or stent-assisted coiling. For unruptured VADs, the goal is to restore the original blood flow dynamics using a range of stenting techniques. The choice of EVT technique should be made on a case-by-case basis, considering factors such as the patient's presenting symptoms, hemodynamic status, adequacy of collateral blood supply, and anatomical characteristics of the important arteries and perforators.
Lexical and phraselogical synonyms for the emotion of fear in the prose by Maria Matios
Authors:   Заклад вищої освіти «Подільський державний університет», Nasminchuk Iryna
Published: April 2024

In the article, based on the study of the language of the prose works by Maria Matios, synonymous series are selected to indicate the emotion of fear. Fear as an emotion and as an existential aspect of being determines the problematic and poetics of the writer’s small (novelistic collection «Nation») and large («SweetDarusya», «Almost never the other way around», «Moskalytsia», «Bukova zemlia») prose of the writer, mainly addressed to the tur-bulent periods in the history of Ukraine. The creative idea of the writer to understand the existence of the nation in the fl ow of history determined the linguistic means of organizing the text. It has been proven that Maria Mathios’s speech is characterized by a high degree of concentration of lexical (noun, adjective, verb, adverb) and phraseological synonymous units to denote the emotion of fear. It has been observed that the synonyms for the emotion of fear, introduced by Maria Mathios, record human experiences at the level of physical sen-sations and much less often at the level of psychological ones. Sometimes, when the author expands the scope of what is described to the size of the community, they can acquire a social focus. Units of the lexical-semantic group «fear» are used by Maria Matios not only in a direct, but also in a metaphorical-fi gurative sense. The study confi rms the scientists’ conclu-sions that synonyms in the language system perform two main functions – clarifi cation and substitution. The sophisticated synonymous series denoting the emotion of fear, observed in the analyzed works, testifi es to Maria Matios’s perfect mastery of literary language reserves on the one hand and vernacular elements on the other. The study of the author’s prose in the specifi ed direction is promising for the systematic study of synonymous relationships of units of the lexical-semantic group «fear» in the works of modern writers.
«The tale of Ihor's campaign» in the scientific and creative understanding of Ivan Ohiienkо and Mykhailo Hetmanets.
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ohііеnko University, Keba Oleksandr
Published: April 2024

The article carries out a comparative and typological study of the scientifi c and creative understanding of an outstanding monument of ancient Ukrainian literature «The Tale of Igor’s Campaign» by professors Ivan Ohiienkо and Mykhailo Hetmanets. The approaches of two scientists are largely similar, but they diff er in many aspects re-garding the actual scientifi c strategies of the study of «The Tale». Both Ivan Ohiienko and Mykhailo Hetmanets agree that this outstanding medieval epic poem is a land-mark of ancient Ukrainian literature. Both scientists gravitate towards the cultural-historical method of studying «The Tale», but at the same time, Ivan Ohiienko puts its “literature”, linguistic and poetic wealth in the fi rst place, directing his scientifi c eff orts accordingly. In the analysis of «The Tale» he acts mainly as a philologist, successfully combining literary and linguistic approaches. Emphasizing the authen-ticity of the epic poem, the author of the «literary monograph» about «The Tale» underlines fi rst of all its closeness to folk poetry, both in terms of rhythm and verse, and at the level of vocabulary and phraseology. The scientist carefully records the structural components of the spelling of «The Tale», fi nds in it «signs of antiquity», «Bulgarianisms» and «signs of a living language». Mykhailo Hetmanets always highly appreciated the artistic qualities of «The Tale», paid considerable attention to the study of the poetics of the poem, however, he mostly worked with the text as a cultural expert, historian and local researcher. In addition, the scientist consistently implemented the so-called «real commentary» in his «practical» studies, carefully verifying every word, description, reality, event from the text of the work using both proper philological methods and extra-artistic ways. Similar systemic and multi-vector work is brilliantly presented in the mon-ograph «Kayala» (2013). His contribution to the study of the artistic and aesthetic aspects of the masterpiece through the prism of the poetics of its meaningful depth and multifacetedness is also signifi cant. M. Hetmanets gave an extremely high rating to I. Ohiienko’s «The Tale» studies. He responded to his monograph with a lengthy article in which, debating with the author about certain problems, in general he com-pletely supported Ohiienkov’s vision of the signifi cance of «The Tale» in the history of not only East Slavic, but also the entire world literature
The affirmation of Ukrainian identity as a nation with an independent culture in the works of I. Ohiienko and the novels of H. Kvitka-Osnovianenko
Authors:   Криворізький державний педагогічний університет, Onikienko Inna
Published: April 2024

This article examines the cultural work of I. Ohiienko, titled «Ukrainian culture: A brief history of the cultural life of the ukrainian people», from the perspective of its presentation of the idea of affi rming Ukrainian identity as a nation with an independ-ent culture. The study sheds light on the cultural activities of the scholar, portraying them as having predecessors in the form of Ukrainian enlighteners of the 19th century. Specifi cally, it explores the enlightening ideas of H. Kvitka-Osnovianenko and their transformation in the public and scientifi c activities of I. Ohiienko.By comparing the enlightening activities of I. Ohiienko in the fi rst decade of the 20th century with the mission of Ukrainian enlighteners from the early 19th century, we discern many commonalities in these activities. Evaluating the same phenomenon from the perspectives of diff erent eras provides a background for understanding not only the past in the history of our people’s culture but also the contemporary state of our culture.The research concludes with key positions of the enlightening discourse in the works of H. Kvitka-Osnovianenko: recognition of the rights of the Ukrainian people to independent life apart from the empire; a high level of education among Ukrainians; faith in God; natural behaviour; and alignment with the cause one engages in. At the beginning of the 20th century, these ideas transformed into the cultural-historical par-adigm of I. Ohiienko, which asserts that the Ukrainian people, possessing an ancient, original, and independent culture that places them among European nations, should have forms of statehood independent of the empire.In the early 21st century, during the widespread intrusion of Moscow into Ukraine, we understand the validity of I. Ohiienko’s warnings, comprehending his persistent defence of the doctrine of the uniqueness of Ukrainian culture and its self-suffi ciency. A crucial task for domestic researchers is to restore the cultural-historical continu-ity of the idea of Ukrainian statehood, tracing its origins and development up to the present day against the backdrop of an aggressor country that, for centuries, has not recognized Ukraine’s rights and possibilities for its own political and cultural course. Scientifi c developments in this direction represent the prospects of this research
The folklore motives of Ivan Korsak's historical novels
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ohііеnko University, Tokar Nataliia
Published: April 2024

The article examines the folklore elements from creative work of the modern Ukrainian writer Ivan Korsak, namely the historical novels «The Conqueror of Europe», «The Crown of Yurij II», «The Finger-ring of Hanna Barvinok». The tradi-tional meaning of folklore symbols and their interpretation in I. Korsak’s novels are compared. The functions of excerpts of folklore texts are included in the novel «The Finger-ring of Hanna Barvinok» have been clarifi ed.Folklore, folk beliefs, and traditions have been the basis of fi ction since their inception. In modern Ukrainian literature, folklore expresses ancient national identity.The creativity of the Ukrainian writer Ivan Korsak represents the implementation of folklore elements in a fi ction with the aim of expressing the national and mental component. Ivan Korsak’s novels are used for traditional folk ideas about the animal and plant world. Ornithological images have a symbolic meaning. In Ivan Korsak’s historical novels, the bird performs the function of a mediator, that is, an intermedi-ary between heaven and earth. Defi cation of nature, spiritualization and endowment with extraordinary, sometimes mystical properties is a characteristic of the Ukrainian mentality. It is usually embodied in dreams, delusions, visions.Folk creativity is the basis of the depiction of national identity in the literary style of I. Korsak. This is important for the novel «The Finger-ring of Hanna Barvinok». This is related to the literary and folklore activity of Oleksandra Bilozerska, because it has known that her work belongs to the ethnographic and domestic school. The de-tailed depiction of Hanna Barvinok’s folkloristic activities in the novel is also testifi es to its importance for the general idea of the work.The article proves that folklore expresses national identity in Ivan Korsak’s nov-els. Author uses traditional folk symbols and beliefs, as well as world religious my-thology in creative works. Excerpts from Ukrainian folk songs and legends recorded in the novel «The Finger-ring of Hanna Barvinok» show the great importance of Oleksandra Bilozerska’s folklore activity
Education of junior pupils by means of ukrainian song in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School according to Ivan Ohiienko's ideas
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ogііеnko University, Hudyma Nataliia , Mieliekiestseva Nataliia ,   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ohііеnko University, Kovalchuk Olha ,   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ohііеnko University
Published: April 2024

Taking into account the new socio-political realities in Ukraine after the Revolution of Dignity and the circumstances of Russian aggression, it is becoming increasingly important to develop younger generation’s patriotism, commitment to the national mission of strengthening the country, active citizenship, etc. The main goal of national education at the present stage is to pass on to the younger generation the social experience, nation’s rich spiritual culture, national mentality, affi nity of worldview and, on this basis, to form the personality qualities of a citizen of Ukraine that ensure national identity, developed spirituality, moral, artistic, labour, physical, and environmental culture, and the development of individual abilities and talents.Educating a versatile and harmoniously developed personality of a junior pupil in the context of the New Ukrainian School is one of the most important tasks at the present stage of society’s development, where enriching the child’s spiritual world involves the formation of creative potential and inner culture, ensuring the spiritual unity of generations, and especially in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. A general secondary education institution should focus its activities on the development of humanistic feelings of junior pupils, the formation of national and universal values. Therefore, the revival of folk song culture is of great importance in the education of pupils of the New Ukrainian School.Modern scientifi c research is actively studying the pedagogical possibilities of Ukrainian song folklore and ways to use it in the educational process of educational institutions, in particular, the ideas of nationality at the present stage of their compre-hension are not only theoretical, but also creatively implemented in the educational process of general secondary education institutions in Ukraine.The purpose of the article is to reveal and substantiate the importance of the psy-chological and pedagogical potential of Ukrainian songs for the education of primary school children in the New Ukrainian School according to Ivan Ohiienko’s ideas.
Reading interests and their influence on the formation of reading autonomy
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ohііеnko University, Dovhan Olena , Olynets Tetiana ,   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ohііеnko University
Published: April 2024

The article considers the problem of the infl uence of reading interests of primary school pupils on the formation of reading autonomy. The psychological and pedagogi-cal literature was analysed from the point of view of methods of forming interest in scientifi c and informative literature. The role of cognitive interest in the formation of reading autonomy is clarifi ed: the nature, indicators, and conditions of the formation of interest in books in the context of Ivan Ohiienko’s views are found out.The data of the conducted research are presented, which demonstrated that read-ing is far from the fi rst place among children of primary school age. Among the pri-orities are computer games, watching television programs, walks and games in the fresh air with friends, and only then ‒ reading books. From the 1st to the 4th grade, the interest in reading among primary school pupils is gradually lost. The circle of readers who are motivated to read specifi c literature and who has a lack of elementary bibliographic literacy is defi ned.The results of the analysis of reading forms and requests of primary school pupils regarding topics and authors are presented; priorities in the literature are defi ned.The results of a formative experiment are adduced, during which there was used literature, grouping and arranging it according to thematic direction and in accordance with the identifi cation of reading interests of primary school pupils. The advantages of the science and art book as a means of learning the laws of nature are determined. Emphasis is placed on the need for primary school pupils to read works from diff er-ent sections of informative literature, since popular science and science fi ction works complement each other: science fi ction causes cognitive interest, which can be more satisfi ed by reading non-fi ction books, while the ability to use a non-fi ction book depends on the level of understanding of science fi ction. The literary works of these subsections meet the various requests of pupil readers at diff erent levels of their gen-eral education, depending on their age, internal state of mind and reading tastes. Not everyone understands the diff erence between non-fi ction and fi ction, and the choice of eff ective methods of working with the literary work depends on this.The role of the family in the formation of spiritual values in the context of I. Ohiienko’s views and reading interests and reading autonomy of primary school pupils is clarifi ed
Continuity of Subject Training for the Future Teacher of Ukrainian Language
Authors:   Kamyanets-Podilskіy National Ivan Ohііеnko University, Popovych Anzhelika
Published: April 2024

Today, it is crucial to shape a teacher-philologist with a high level of linguistic preparation, linguocreative, capable of teaching the Ukrainian language to secondary education students and fostering communicative education in contemporary Ukrainian society. The system of language training for future teachers of the Ukrainian language aligns with the principles of continuous language education.The article outlines the specifi cs of subject training (Ukrainian language) for fu-ture teacher-philologists and identifi es stages of its implementation based on the edu-cational program «Secondary Education (Ukrainian Language and Literature)» of the subject specialty 014.01 «Secondary Education (Ukrainian Language and Literature)» at Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University.In the content block of subject training in the Ukrainian language for future teach-er-philologists, preparatory (propaedeutic), informational-cognitive, and deepening-generalizing stages are highlighted. During the preparatory (propaedeutic) stage of Ukrainian language education for future teacher-philologists in higher education institutions, initial linguistic prepara-tion is conducted through the study of a Ukrainian language practicum, introduction to linguistics, business Ukrainian language, etc.The main component in the content block of the Ukrainian language education system is the informational-cognitive stage, encompassing special linguistic prepa-ration. In this process, students acquire a comprehensive (theoretical) discipline, «Modern Ukrainian Literary Language», historical-linguistic disciplines (Ukrainian dialectology, Old Slavic language and historical grammar, history of Ukrainian liter-ary language, etc.), and applied linguistic disciplines (stylistics and culture of the Ukrainian language, linguistic analysis of text, etc.).During the deepening-cognitive sub-stage of the deepening-generalizing stage, in-depth linguistic preparation takes place, where students study selective linguis-tic disciplines and acquire informal and formal linguistic education. The creative-research sub-stage involves scientifi c-research linguistic preparation, including writ-ing coursework and qualifi cation works on the Ukrainian language, participation in scientifi c events, and the preparation of trial publications.
«Native speaking» in the context of the national-patriotic becaming of a modern ukranians (based on the pedagogical concept of Ivan Ohienko).
Authors:   Волинський національний університет імені Лесі Українки, Fenko Mariia , Matsiuk Zoriana ,   Волинський національний університет імені Лесі Українки
Published: April 2024

Modern processes of globalizations, geopolitical changes, the tendency of Ukraine to become the European cultural and educational space – all this createing challenges for society to formation and preservation of self-identity, national con-sciousness and, at the same time, inter-ethnic tolerance. Among a number of issues today – is the pressing issue of the Ukrainian language. The activity of the discussions is due to the fact that Ukraine presents itself to the world as an internatinal formation, where are interwined the economic, socio-political, national, religious and confes-sional interests of nations; Ukraine’s fi ghting for her self-identity, and the Ukrainian people are fi ghting to be independent and free.That’s why to use language as foundations national-patriotic education of modern Ukrainian citizen is in the fi eld of our research. Solution of this problem is able to contribute od creative using philosoph-ped-agogic legacy of the outstanding scientist-linguist, patriot, theologian, cultural and religious fi gure Ivan Ohiienko (metropolian Hilarion). The pedagogical activity of Ivan Ohiienko is a component of his educational work. The wide fi eld of his teacher’s interests covered the problems of humanizing the educa-tional process, de-russifi cation of educational institutions, the spread of the Ukrainian language and spelling, and the formation of nationally conscious Ukrainians.We consider the statement of the pedagogic-thinker to be fair that a real conscious patriot of Ukraine can be raised only with help of the Ukrainian language and only on its basis can those qualities of the person be formed, which are aimed at protecting and defensing the honor of one’s nation, people and state.The key opinion of the past and the present, formulated by Ivan Ohiienko, is «For one people – one literary language, pronunciation and spelling».As a theologian and thinker, Metropolitan Hilarion defi ned the ten most impor-tant commandments of the native-language Ukrainian citizen-patriot, which are ex-tremely relevant in our time.In general, the «native language» concept of youth education, in our opinion, can be outlined in three aspects: realist, identifi cation/personal, social.Pedagogical, theological, linguistic, etc. achievements of Ivan Ohiienko are of unparalleled importance for the development of Ukraine, for the education of its fu-ture generations
The phenomenon of semantic transformation of concepts througha prism of cognitive approachin modern philosophy of language.
Authors:   Kamianets- Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National Universiti, Dvornitska Natalia , Rynda Viktoriia ,   Kamianets- Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National Universiti
Published: April 2024

The article begins with a short historical insight of the philosophy of language precisely its formation and fi eld of study. The authors of the article emphasize that the cognitive approach plays an important role in solving the issues of modern philosophy of language, where the object of study is human consciousness, thinking, the mental processes and mindsets associated with them. In the fi eld of the cognitive approach of the modern philosophy of language, the problem of the creation and evolution of mental models is investigated through the coverage of certain linguistic-philosophical issues. Among the mentioned above, the problem of semantic, mental transformation of concepts is extremely relevant.The authors of the article consider it appropriate to conduct an analysis of the se-mantic transformation of some conceptual ideas at diff erent background levels, including religious, philosophical which have been do ne in comparison with modern perception.The article emphasizes that from the point of view of cognitive linguistics con-cepts are created and fi xed in the minds of native speakers as a result of processing and transforming mental representations with the help of linguistic phenomena. That is why the clarifi cation of the problem can be especially deep and reliable, if it is not limited to the observation of the textual material, however, it is based and supported by detailed linguistic studies in a comparative-historical aspect.It is obvious that the solution of such a complex issue involves the study of a large number of dictionaries and textual materials this problem solving must be supported by etymological analysis in various aspects. For the purpose of scientifi c substantiation, it is necessary to carry out the algorithm and methodology of etymological research taking into account the main criteria of analysis, among which there is phonetic, word-forming-semantic, chronological ones. They should take into account the peculiarities of deriva-tional processes, phonetic transformations associated with changes in the composition of the word, demotivation of the base of the word, morpheme simplifi cations. The analysis is based on etymological dictionaries and research works. Examples from Latin, Greek, English and other European languages are given in the morpheme-derivational comparisons while making analysis. To provide text illustrations, quota-tions from various sacred texts translated into Slavic languages have been used
Etymological-semantic features of mitonyms (on the example of Dara Korniy's novels)
Authors:   Kamianets- Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National Universiti, Banovska Daria
Published: April 2024

The article singles out mitonyms in the texts of Dara Korniy, defi nes their se-mantics and etymology, and attempts to classify and systematize the linguistic units under study.One of the mental features of the Ukrainian people is the syncretism of paganism and Christianity, which is refl ected in the worldview, beliefs, traditions, beliefs and mythology. Mitonyms are an important part of the mythological system of the Ukrainian language.Ivan Ohiienko was one of the fi rst to thoroughly analyze, systematize and comprehensively describe ancient Ukrainian mitonyms. Modern scientists actively continue to develop problems related to metonyms. However, studies related to the verbalization of subconscious elements do not lose their relevance with increasing sophistication, but rather increase it.Mitonyms are most vividly realized in artistic texts. As a basis for research, we chose the texts of Dara Korniy.We noted more than 100 metonyms in the analyzed novels of Dara Korniy. We put the synthetic principle as the basis of the classifi cation. Ukrainian and bor-rowed ones were highlighted (Judaic: Bible, Sodom, Gomorrah, etc.; Greek\Latin: Orpheus, Eurydice, Amur, etc.; Tatar: Tengri, Erlik, Kruk; Egyptian: griffi n, sphinx; Scandinavian fairies, elves; literary Master, Margarita.Actually, we divided the Ukrainian mitonyms in the analyzed texts of Dara Korniy into 9 groups: theonyms (Perun, Veles, Domovyk, etc.); mythopersons (Rosyanytsia, Panna and others); mythophytonyms (Magnifi cent Oak); mitozoonyms (frog); khre-matononym (Eared stone); space names (Sun, Moon and others); geortonyms (Easter, Christmas and others); probable metonyms (Happiness, Love and others); toponyms (Svit, Paradise, Marunka and others). In each of them, one-word (unarticulated, two-component) and multi-word units were singled out. Individual mitonyms with opaque or noteworthy etymology and semantics have been explained.Theonyms are the most widely represented in the studied texts. The next in terms of quantity is the group of cosmonyms, their feature is the transformation of the names of real phenomena or objects into proper names. It is this group that acquires the greatest epitization in the novels of Dara Korniy. Other groups are represented by a smaller number of metonyms and, in order to develop a clear system, require addi-tional resear ch on a larger textual material
Methods of corpus linguistics in the study of ethno- and heterostereotypes
Authors:   Одеський національний університет імені І.І. Мечникова, Kondratenko Natalia
Published: April 2024

The article presents an interdisciplinary study that combines a linguistic and corpus approach to solving the problems of intercultural and interethnic communication. The basis of the study is the concept of ethnic stereotype. We singled out auto- and heter-ostereotypes, analyzed the stereotypical ideas of Ukrainian speakers about Ukrainians and Russians. Ethnonyms denoting Ukrainians and Russians recorded in explanatory dictionaries of the Ukrainian language became the focus of attention. The ethnonyms «Ukrainian» and «hohol» were analyzed as verbal representatives of the ethnostere-otype. The lexemes «Russian», «katsap», «moscowyt» and «moskal» were analyzed as verbal representatives of the heterostereotype. In the conditions of a full-scale inva-sion of Ukraine, the use of stereotypical ideas about Ukrainians in enemy propaganda proves the importance of this aspect of studying inter-ethnic relations. Ethnonyms are considered according to two aspects: lexicographic and corpus. On the basis of the defi -nitions in explanatory dictionaries of the Ukrainian language, the structure of autostere-otypes and heterostereotypes is determined. By means of a search in GRAK (General Regionally Annotated Corpus) of the Ukrainian language, the specifi city of the compat-ibility of ethnonyms with adjectives of evaluative semantics was traced. The search was carried out both in the corpus in general and in the dynamics of 2014-2023 in media discourse. Comparing the frequency of the combination of ethnonyms with evaluative adjectives during Russia’s war against Ukraine made it possible to trace the transforma-tion of stereotypical ideas of Ukrainian speakers about Ukrainians and Russians
KONSEP MENDIDIK ANAK CINTA AL-QUR’AN SEJAK DINI (KAJIAN SURAH AL-A’RAAF AYAT 204-206)
Authors: Naila Laza Isna , Hamzah Muchotob , Mukromin Mukromin
Published: April 2024

Pada Era Digital (multi tasking) dimana perkembangan teknologi yang semakin canggih anak-anak lebih gemar dalam mengaplikasikan ke internet, maka disitulah peran pendidik sangat diperlukan untuk mengarahkan anak ke kegiatan yang positif. Tujuan Penulisan skripsi ini untuk: Mengetahui Konsep Mendidik Anak Cinta Al-Qur’an Sejak Dini yang sesuai dengan Q.S Al-A’raaf Ayat 204-206.Penelitian ini termasuk kualitatif yang menggunakan metode kepustakaan yakni suatu penelitian dimana menjadikan beberapa literatur sebagai objek penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa dokumentasi, wacana dari bebrapa referensi. Sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan metode tahlily dan metode maudhu’i. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1. Kewajiban pendidik (orang tua, guru, masyarkat) untuk memberikan pendidikan kepada anak untuk membantu proses perkembangan anak lebih optimal. 2. Secara umum penafsiran mufassir terhadap Q.S Al-A’raaf ayat 204-206 wajib mendengarkan dan memperhatikan sewaktu Al-Qur’an dibacakan dan selalu Zikir (mengingat) Allah di lakukan dengan kerendahan hati, keikhlasan, dan dengan suara lembut. 3. Pentingnya mengajarkan anak untuk menumbuhkan cinta Al-Qur’anterhadap anak usia dini karena bentuk cinta manusia kepada Allah yaitu dengan berinteraksi dengan Al-Qur’an
Understanding Adiwiyata School Artifacts in Cultivating Students’ Characters At Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Kholis Nur , Indriharta Lilik , Sholeh Makherus , Cardoso Luís Miguel Oliveira de Barros
Published: April 2024

This research aims to achieve two objectives: First, to describe the types of cultural artifacts found in an adiwiyata school named MI Perwanida in Blitar, East Java. Second, to analyse the subjective interpretations of these cultural artifacts within the school context. Employing a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach, this study investigates the meaning attributed to adiwiyata artifacts in MI Perwanida. The research encompasses various artifacts within the school and the participants’ view about it, including the school principals, vice principals, teachers, students, school associations and other stakeholders. Data collection methods involve in-depth interviews, observations and documentation. Data validity is ensured through triangulation. The analysis was conducted through phases of: data presentation, data reduction and conclusion drawing. This study's findings indicate that artifacts, including written and physical objects such as photos, posters, classroom interiors, plants, bio pores, waste bins, and waste management tools, are based on religious and social values. These artifacts are construed as evocative forces, encouraging independent adoption of cleanliness habits at home and school, as well as beautification efforts. Additionally, they are seen as suggestive forces, motivating students to adopt clean behaviours, cultivate a liking for and care for plants, and develop environmental awareness. The formation of this culture reinforces Homans' theory that program realization can be analysed through activities, interactions, and emotions. The implications of this study suggest that student character formation can be intensively and consistently conducted through the implementation of an adiwiyata school. Collaboration among school stakeholders, from planning to program implementation and evaluation, is essential.
Improving the Quality of Children's Faith Formation through Catechesis for First Communion Preparation in the Parish with a Holistic Approach
Authors: Tarihoran Emmeria , Firmanto Antonius Denny , Kurniawan Alponsus Zeno
Published: April 2024

This study aims to evaluate and improve the quality of children's faith formation through catechesis preparation for First Communion in the Parish. The research method is descriptive quantitative, with data collected using surveys through Google Forms. The study population consists of parents or guardians of children preparing for First Communion, with a sample of 23 respondents. Data analysis uses descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that catechesis activities and children's experiences preparing for First Communion significantly impact the quality of children's faith formation. Most respondents reported positive experiences and perceived improvements in their children's understanding and practice of the Catholic faith. However, factors inhibiting optimal faith formation were also identified, particularly the need for increased parental involvement. The study recommends encouraging parental participation, providing necessary resources and guidance for active engagement in children's religious education. To enhance children's faith formation, collaboration between parents, churches, and catechists is recommended, along with establishing effective communication channels between these stakeholders.
Insights into Multicultural Competence of Early Childhood Teacher Candidates in Indonesian Islamic Higher Education
Authors: Pratiwi Hardiyanti , Dwiningrum Siti Irene Astuti , Riwanda Agus , Minasyan Sona
Published: April 2024

This study investigates multicultural attitudes among 168 ECE teacher candidates from four state Islamic universities in Indonesia, using a quantitative descriptive design and the Multicultural Attitudes Survey for Teachers. Results indicate a high average multicultural attitude score of 74.12, with candidates demonstrating confidence in managing multicultural classrooms and promoting cultural pride among children. However, their attitudes are primarily based on personal interactions rather than formal coursework. Interviews with 27 respondents further explore multicultural education practices during teaching practicum, revealing a need for improved collaboration with parents and greater emphasis on multicultural education in both teacher education and ECE curricula. Practical implications include integrating multicultural education into teacher education programs, fostering experiential learning for attitude development, and expanding multicultural education coverage in ECE curricula to enhance children's multicultural awareness.
Redefining Religious Moderation Education for Urban Muslim Youth
Authors: Jati Wasisto , Bachtiar Hasnan
Published: April 2024

Religious moderation has been a government policy since 2015, aimed at countering radicalism and extremism. However, the hierarchical implementation of the program has led to the labeling of "moderate" and "conservative", and the policy's understanding remains unclear among the community, especially the middle class and youth. Despite the government's campaign, intolerance persists. This research aims to review the religious moderation policy and explore how urban Muslim youths could contribute to religious moderation education. The method involves in-depth interviews with urban Muslim youths in Manado and Semarang and critical analysis of relevant documents. The findings suggest that urban Muslim youths prioritize religious moderation through intensive dialogue and gatherings. Current educational practices should incorporate these informal approaches to be more effective. The inclusion of urban Muslim youths in religious moderation education appears to be a promising way to encourage religious moderation in Indonesia. This highlights the need for religious moderation implementation to be responsive to public aspirations.
Live Game Attendance and the Desire for (Un)Certain Game Outcomes in Football: Evidence From the German 2. Bundesliga
Authors: Menge John A. , Schlesinger Torsten , Pyun Hyunwoong
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This study aims to analyze fans’ demand for live football matches in the German 2. Bundesliga, focusing on match-outcome uncertainty. To examine the decision to attend sporting events, a fixed effects regression and the Tobit model were used to test the uncertainty of game outcomes and reference-dependent preferences with loss aversion. The estimated fans’ demand for attending live football matches is represented by the logged attendance of 2,442 matches from the 2010/2011 to the 2017/2018 seasons of the 2. Bundesliga. Our findings indicate that fans prefer certain game outcomes over uncertain ones. In other words, reference-dependent preferences with loss aversion dominate the desire for close competition. We estimated our main model using various proxies of uncertainty as robustness checks, and the results confirmed our findings.
Comparison of Open Craniotomy vs Conservative Treatment in Minor Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH)
Authors: Pratiwi Riska , Ibrahim Sabri , Kausar Teuku Akmal
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10–15% of all strokes in the USA, Europe, and Australia, and 20–30% of Asian cases, with a30-day mortality rate of 35% to 52%; half of the related deaths occur in the first 2 days. Its overall incidence is 24.6 per 100,000 person-years, indicating that it represents the most fatal type of stroke around the world.
Methods: The aim of study of this study is to investigate the comparison of open craniotomy vs conservative treatment in minor spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study used the systematic review method by discovering articles using the search engines PubMed, SagePub, and Science Direct, and 5 articles met the inclusion criteria in this study.
Results: Five publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the complete text was conducted, and additional scrutiny was given to these articles.
Conclusion: Surgical management of intracerebral hemorrhage has unique advantages as it can remove the hematoma effectively and decrease intracranial pressure and the incidence of complications.
Keywords: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); surgical; treatment; craniotomy;  conservative.
The Challenging Decision to Commence Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Hormone-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Sadighi Sanambar
Published: April 2024

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Evaluation of the Possible Benefits of Breast Cancer Screening in Women Aged 40 to 49 Years in the Steel Valley Region, Brazil
Authors: AIRES LIMA Cátia Cilene , Daruich de Souza Carla
Published: April 2024

Background: This study investigates the effectiveness of mammographic screening for women aged 40 to 49 in Brazil's Steel Valley Region. Despite a Ministry of Health recommendation to start screenings at 50, 25% of breast cancer cases occur in the 40-49 age group.
Methods: The retrospective analysis, spanning 2008-2019 at Marcio Cunha Hospital, compared two groups: cancer diagnosed via screening mammography (277) and diagnostic mammography (229).
Results: Results showed delayed diagnoses for non-screened women, with 4.16 times higher mortality rate. Screening facilitated earlier detection of less malignant cancers (85.9% vs. 43.7%). Women diagnosed through screening were more likely to preserve their breasts (28.9% vs. 55.5% for Radical Breast Surgery and 71.1% vs. 28.9% for Breast-Sparing Surgery), and fewer axillary lymphadenectomies were performed. All statistical tests performed returned a p-value lower than 0.05 showing high statistical significance.
Conclusion: The findings support extending screening mammography access to all women over 40 in the Steel Valley region and underscore the need for broader-scale research in other areas. Recommendations include enhancing public awareness and establishing a breast cancer surveillance service.
Severe Bilateral Breast Hypertrophy in a Pregnant Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Banihashemi Seyed Hesamaddin , Parnian Alireza , Karami Mohammad
Published: April 2024

Background: Bilateral breast hypertrophy, ranging from mild to severe, can lead to various complications, including pain, ulceration, infection, and psychological distress. Swift surgical intervention is often necessary to address the mechanical and psychological challenges associated with excessive breast weight. While treatment approaches for this condition are debated, recent advancements favor surgical strategies like mastectomies with reconstruction to improve clinical and psychological outcomes. We present a unique case of bilateral breast hypertrophy successfully managed through breast amputation and NAC (nipple-areolar complex) graft using wise patterns incision mammoplasty.
Case Presentation: This report details the case of a 30-year-old female with hypothyroidism and lupus who experienced significant bilateral breast enlargement during her second pregnancy. The patient faced pain, hyperpigmentation, and limited mobility, along with abnormal laboratory findings. Bilateral reduction mammoplasty (breast amputation) was performed, leading to successful outcomes and improved quality of life for both the patient and her newborn. Follow-up assessments showed no recurrence or complications postoperatively.
Conclusion:This case highlights the challenges of managing breast hypertrophy in pregnant patients with autoimmune conditions. Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are crucial in such cases. The positive results of the interventions underscore the importance of timely and comprehensive care for patients facing similar conditions.
РОЗВИТОК МІЖНАРОДНОГО МАРКЕТИНГУ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЙНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ
Authors: Бойко Ольга , Морохова Валентина
Published: April 2024

Стаття присвячена дослідженню особливостей використання міжнародного маркетингу як комплексного інструменту досягнення стратегічних цілей на міжнародних ринках в умовах глобалізації економіки. Розглянуто сучасні підходи до трактування сутності і наслідків процесу глобалізації світової економіки. Визначено роль міжнародного маркетингу у використанні можливостей підприємств на зарубіжних ринках за умов ускладнення та інтенсифікації глобальної конкуренції. На основі систематизації літературних джерел виділено передумови розвитку міжнародного маркетингу. Дослідження засвідчили, що предметом міжнародного маркетингу виступає прийняття обґрунтованих маркетингових управлінських рішень щодо доцільності виходу на зовнішній ринок, вибору доступних для підприємства і перспективних зовнішніх ринків, форм виходу на зарубіжний ринок та розроблення комплексу маркетингу для конкретного ринку. Акцентовано, що міжнародний маркетинг в цілому відображає масштабність зовнішньоекономічної діяльності підприємства і реалізується через такі його види: мультинаціональний, глобальний та транснаціональний. Новизна дослідження полягає у подальшому розвитку теоретико-прикладних засад міжнародного маркетингу як основи розвитку міжнародного бізнесу. На думку авторів, розвиток міжнародного маркетингу може стати одним з головних чинників подолання нестабільності та економічної кризи у світовій економіці. Міжнародний маркетинг повинен відстежувати та адаптуватися до всіх змін у технологіях, які формують і розвивають потреби цільових споживачів як на глобальному, так і на окремих національних ринках, і знаходити оптимальні шляхи для їх максимального задоволення. Посилення ділової активності вітчизняних підприємств на міжнародних ринках потребує систематичних маркетингових досліджень та виявлення потенційних можливостей для створення стійких конкурентних переваг. Для вирішення цих завдань стратегічним напрямом міжнародної маркетингової діяльності обґрунтовано використання сучасних цифрових технологій як одного з найефективніших інструментів інформаційної підтримки зовнішньоекономічної діяльності. Запропоновано маркетингові методи на зовнішніх ринках обирати з урахуванням ринкових прогнозів, міжнародних практик, специфіки експортної продукції та ринкових тенденцій. Узагальнено підходи до розробки стратегій міжнародного маркетингу та визначено алгоритм розробки сучасних міжнародних маркетингових стратегій відповідно до цілей і загальної бізнес-стратегії підприємства з урахуванням можливостей розвитку.