bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WOUND HEALING IN HUMANS BY OPTIMIZATION OF LOW FREQUENCY SIGNAL FOR PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THERAPY
Authors: Khan Munna , Sirdeshmukh Shaila P.S.M.A.
Published: January 2022

A wound, in clinical terms, is any tissue injury that causes skin rupture which penetrates epidermis and dermis layers leading to uncovering of underneath tissues or organs. Wounds can be superficial or deep, acute or chronic, with minor to serious implications depending on the source, extent, and location. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMF) may have varying effects depending on the type of target tissue. Triggering a biological event requires a specific signal to be applied. The effectiveness of a PEMF device is mostly determined by the waveforms utilized in conjunction with the pulsing frequency. Choosing the right PEMF signal is a crucial step in developing a device that can address the challenges associated with chronic wound healing and speed up the healing process. Therefore, the optimization of the signal generator unit in the PEMF system for wound healing applications is a necessity before starting the further process. Hence, the present work of optimization of the PEMF system was carried out by selecting an optimal signal on the signal generator which produces a significant quantity of current in the particular tissue site to provide improved wound healing results. A total of 120 signal generator designs were simulated and optimized to six signal generators having frequencies of 10Hz, 20Hz, 30Hz, 40Hz, 50Hz, and 100Hz and duty cycle 25%. For both groups, the average frequency and duty cycle were calculated and tested using independent samples t-test to see if there were any differences between them. No statistically significant difference was found for frequency (p=0.9977) and duty cycle (p=0.5090). Because of the necessity of the right PEMF signal selection for every trial to be successful, this work will act as a gateway for selecting, understanding,` and considering the proper signal which could initiate the respective biological effect and accelerate the wound healing process.
НОВОУЧРЕЖДЕННЫЕ ГОРОДА РОССИИ В КОНЦЕ XVIII ВЕКА
Authors:   Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова, Наталья Аркадьевна Четырина
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматриваются изменения в жизни новоучрежденных городов России конца XVIII в. применительно к таким параметрам как состав населения, структура управления, специфика самоуправления, перепланировка и благоустройство, хозяйственная жизнь и народное просвещение. Сопоставимый материал о состо-янии городов империи на рубеже веков взят из «Словаря географического Рос-сийского государства», изданного Афанасием Щекатовым в начале XIX в. В ходе сопоставительного анализа автор приходит к выводу о том, что изменение юри-дического статуса поселения становилось исходной точкой в процессе формирования и развития особых городских форм жизни, прежде всего сословно-правовых, геральдических, экономических, а также административно-управленческих и самоуправленческих, связанных с внедрением новых селитебных принципов, организации социальной инфраструктуры, способствовал проникновению новшеств в ежедневный быт.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of infection control from aerosol generating procedure in clinical setting among dentist during COVID-19 pandemic: A multi centric survey
Authors: Fatema Mahvash , Puri Sneha , Shewale Akhilesh , Bele Rashmi , Wargantiwar Aditi
Published: January 2022

Dentistry is the profession in which there is a high risk of contagion due to the exposure to aerosol/droplets, saliva and blood which is produce during the majority of dental procedures. SARS-CoV-2 therefore can be transmitted from an infected individuals through inhalation of aerosol/droplets or by direct contact with mucous membrane, oral fluids, contaminated instruments and surfaces. The present study was proposed to assess the level of awareness, perception, and attitude regarding COVID-19 and infection control among dentists. It was concluded that the dentists involved in the current survey showed satisfactory knowledge and a positive attitude towards COVID-19 during the outbreak.
Pit and fissure sealants — A review
Authors: Kolekar Pratima , Chavhan Pankaj , Sajjanar Arun kumar , kumar Suryankant , Wasnik Milind , Bhagwani Dishika
Published: January 2022

Caries on the occlusal surface of dentition is a significant dental health problem. Among all of the teeth particularly molars and premolars have greater susceptibility to caries. Their susceptibility to caries is probably related to its occlusal morphology. Use of fissure sealant and fluoride have been shown to play an important role in reducing caries. This can be possible through converting the caries susceptible areas like pits and fissures into glazed surface which prevent bacterial colonization and makes the tooth easy to clean. Pit and fissure areas of enamel do not receive sufficient protection from topical or systemic fluorides, the reason for ineffectiveness of fluorides in the pit and fissure caries may be due to inaccessibility to these areas and due to the differences in enamel thickness. The most efficient way to prevent pit and fissure caries is by effectively sealing the fissures using resins called pit and fissure sealants.
Theracal lc: A boon to dentistry
Authors: Umale Kalyani G , Gade Vandana J , Asani Reema N , Kosare Priya R. , Gaware Snehal , Gawande Rachana
Published: January 2022

TheraCal LC, the focus of this article, is a material that creates a new category of resin-modified calcium silicates (RMCS). It is a light-cured, resin-based, and highly radiopaque liner designed to release calcium to promote hard-tissue formation, and is indicated for use under direct restorative materials as a replacement to calcium hydroxide and other calcium silicate-based materials, glass ionomers, eugenol-based sedative materials, and pulp capping restoratives. TheraCal LC exhibits several properties to help maintain ideal hard-tissue health and to reduce the incidence of postoperative sensitivity. This article is aimed to review the composition, method of application, setting reaction, properties and uses of TheraCal LC.

TheraCal LC is interesting and promising product, which have the potential of creating major contributions to maintaining pulp vitality.
Silver diamine fluoride for managing carious lesions: A literature review
Authors: Iswar Dishika , Sajjanar Arun Kumar , Wasnik Milind , Gawod Niharika , Kolekar Partima , Bumdele Sahil
Published: January 2022

Though the prevalence and the severity of dental caries is decreased in past few years, still children from low socioeconomical status in many industrialized or developing countries are still suffering from ill-effects of dental caries. The antimicrobial effect of silver compounds has been proven by the 100-year-old application of silver compounds. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been used to arrest dental caries during 1970s in Japan, but it was not exposed much to other parts of the world. Today in many countries a 38% (44,800 ppm fluoride) SDF solution is commonly used to arrest caries and also to reduce hypersensitivity in primary and permanent teeth. Application of SDF to arrest dental caries is non-invasive procedure and is quick and simple to use. Reports of available studies showed that there is no severe pulpal damage after SDF application. However, it has some drawbacks like black discoloration of the carious teeth and an unpleasant metallic taste. But, low cost of SDF and its simplicity in application suggest that it is an appropriate agent for use in community dental health programme. Thus, SDF appears to meet the criteria of both the WHO Millennium Goals and the US Institute of Medicine’s criteria for 21st century medical care, that is, it is a safe, effective, efficient, and equitable caries preventive agent.
Teaching Indigenous Language Revitalization over Zoom
Authors: Daurio Maya , Turin Mark
Published: January 2022

In this teaching reflection, co-authored by an instructor and a teaching assistant, we consider some of the unanticipated openings for deeper engagement that the “pivot” to online teaching provided as we planned and then delivered an introductory course on Indigenous language documentation, conservation, and revitalization from September to December 2020. We engage with the fast-growing literature on the shift to online teaching and contribute to an emerging scholarship on language revitalization mediated by digital technologies that predates the global pandemic and will endure beyond it. Our commentary covers our preparation over the summer months of 2020 and our adaptation to an entirely online learning management system, including integrating what we had learned from educational resources, academic research, and colleagues. We highlight how we cultivated a learning environment centered around flexibility, compassion, and responsiveness, while acknowledging the challenges of this new arrangement for instructors and students alike. Finally, as we reflect on some of the productive aspects of the online teaching environment—including adaptable technologies, flipped classrooms, and the balance between synchronous and asynchronous class meetings—we ask which of these may be constructively incorporated into face-to-face classrooms when in-person teaching resumes once more.
E-Portfolios and Exploring One’s Identity in Teacher Education
Authors: Ho Younghusband Christine
Published: January 2022

Academic faculty in a two-year post-baccalaureate teacher education program at a small research university in British Columbia explored the extended use of e-Portfolios into final practicum over a three-year period. The education technology course offered in Term Three asked teacher candidates to create and design an e-Portfolio as part of the coursework. In this program evaluation, the author investigated the continued use of e-Portfolios into Term Four during final practicum. Faculty in this teacher education program sought ways to improve the program, particularly the practicum experience for teacher candidates. Extending the use of e-Portfolios into Term Four was one of three initiatives that were adopted. The e-Portfolio served as a digital platform for teachercandidates to archive, reflect, and sense-make; italso functioned as a means to develop theirprofessional identities and understanding of theprofessional standards. The final practicumconcluded with a Celebration of Learning and thecapstone presentations referenced e-Portfolios.This paper focuses on how e-Portfolios wereintroduced and implemented with six cohorts, whatwas observed by the faculty member, and whatwas learned from the implementation to inform thefuture use of e-Portfolios in the program andprogram redesign. The extended use of e-Portfolios during the final practicum was found tobe a viable initiative and revealed professionalqualities of teacher candidates that may not havebeen visible otherwise.
Términos de intercambio, progreso técnico y crecimiento económico
Authors: Casares Enrique R. , García-Salazar María Guadalupe , Porras Chaparro Ivan , Ruiz-Galindo Lucía A.
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Estudiar, teórica y empíricamente, la relación entre términos de intercambio y la tasa de crecimiento del producto interno bruto per cápita.
Metodología: En la parte teórica, se desarrolla un modelo de crecimiento con dos sectores, primario (exportador) y manufacturero (importador). Se deduce el producto agregado de la economía. En el largo plazo, los términos de intercambio y el producto interno bruto per cápita están positivamente relacionados. Con el propósito de contrastar el resultado teórico, en la parte empírica, se hace un análisis aplicado para Perú de series de tiempo.
Resultados: Se muestra que los términos de intercambio y el producto interno bruto per cápita están cointegrados para Perú.
Limitaciones: El artículo solamente analiza la relación agregada entre términos de intercambio y producto interno bruto per cápita.
Originalidad: Se estudia integralmente (con teoría y datos) la relación entre términos de intercambio y producto interno bruto per cápita para una economía exportadora de materias primas.
Conclusiones: Para Perú, exportador de materias primas, los términos de intercambio son un determinante de su crecimiento económico.
Impact of Executive Remuneration and Firm Leverage on Firm Stability: Lessons from European Firms
Authors: Nasrin Farjana
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of executive remuneration and firms’ leverage on firms’ stability as measured by winsorized Zscore (wZscore). The wZscore measure corresponds to the Altman Zscore, which increases as default risk decreases. To test the study’s hypotheses, a linear regression model is applied to a 6-year panel dataset of 180 listed firms categorized in 10 economic sectors operating in 22 countries from the years 2013 to 2018. The results show that executive remuneration has a significant negative impact on firm stability as measured by wZscore. Additionally, firm leverage has a significant positive impact on firm stability. Beyond the theoretical implications, the findings of this study have some practical implications that are particularly relevant to boards of directors, shareholders, managers, and policymakers. The findings suggest that executives should be offered a proper remuneration package to maintain their firms’ stability along with the capacity of firms’ equity and assets to cope up with unprecedented circumstances and the firms’ long-term debts. Finally, this study offers specific recommendations for how firms can balance their pay and performance in terms of executive remuneration and ensure better leverage to optimize their own and society's sustainable development.
ASSESSING CO-EDUCATION AND CHEMISTRY ATTAINMENT IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF SIERRA LEONE
Authors: Sankoh Foday Pinka
Published: January 2022

This study covered nineteen senior secondary schools in the Northern region of Sierra Leone. The study is aimed at assessing the comparative attainment of pupils in single-sex and co-educational schools. A desk study of secondary data wherein documents and records relating to appropriate data sources were studied to obtain background information on co-education and chemistry attainment. A sample size of eight hundred and fifty seven (857) pupils from nineteen (19) senior secondary schools in the Northern regions of Sierra Leone who sat to the chemistry papers in the WASSCE of 2019. The study revealed that the proportions of credit and above in chemistry for boys and girls in single-sex schools are significantly higher than those of their counterparts in co-educational schools, and that the proportion of bare pass for boys is higher than that of girls, irrespective of whether the pupils are in single-sex or co-educational schools. Girls should do better as well as boys in chemistry if given the opportunity to do it and if provided with adequate motivation.
Open-Book Management and Organizational Success of Deposit Money Banks in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Baridula Vito , Mekuri-Ndimele Joy A.
Published: January 2022

Organizational success is of the main drivers in achieving organizational goal and objectives as indicated in literature. Based on this evidenced the study focused the relationship between open book management and organizational success of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted quasi-experimental research design and examined the population of 200 employees with a sample size of 133 respondents in four deposit money banks in Nigeria. Questionnaire was the measure instrument for data collection and the collected data were analyzed using Spearman’s’ Rank Order Correlation Coefficient statistic. The result shows a significant relationship between the dimensions of open book management and organizational success measures of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Therefore, the study concluded that open book management affect organizational success and recommended that management should periodically make employees to know about the financial statues of the organization and to develop employees’ recognition programs and provide pay-performance programs that will stimulate employees’ performance toward achievement of organizational success.
Relationship of thyroid gland elasticity with age, gender and thyroid gland volume in the shear-wave ultrasound elastography
Authors: URFALI Furkan Ertürk , ERARSLAN Sertaç , ÖZKUL Bahattin , KORKMAZ Mehmet , TOK Sermin
Published: January 2022

Objectives: The aim of the study is to determine the correlation between thyroid gland elasticity with thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, age, gender and thyroid gland volume in the normal population. Methods: The study was conducted with 105 healthy cases. Thyroid gland elasticity was evaluated in axial plan using ultrasonography. Results: The relationship between thyroid gland elasticity and thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, age, gender and thyroid gland volume was evaluated. The mean thyroid gland volume was 11.95 ± 9.23 mm3. A moderate negative correlation was found between thyroid gland volume and kPa value observed from the elastography examination. A moderate negative correlation was found between elastography kPa value and blood thyroxine level. No correlations were found between thyroid-stimulating hormone level, age, gender and thyroid gland elasticity. Conclusions: The negative correlation between thyroid gland volume and thyroxine level with thyroid gland elasticity should be considered in elastographic evaluations.
Massive bilateral adrenal mass with adrenal insufficiency: a case report of primary adrenal lymphoma
Authors: ÇETİNKAYA ALTUNTAŞ Seher , AVCI Uğur
Published: January 2022

Primary Adrenal Lymphoma (PAL) is extremely rare and usually occurs in men in the 6th-7th decade as bilateral, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Here, an 80-year-old patient admitted to the urology outpatient clinic with flank pain and bilateral adrenal mass detected on ultrasound is presented. Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) was planned for the patient who was referred to the endocrine outpatient clinic. The PET-CT scan revealed lobulated-contoured masses containing necrotic areas with a size of 7.4×5.5×9.8 cm, 19 Hounsfield Unit (HU), and SUVmax value of 23.9 the right adrenal, and with the size of 8.4×8.7×10.8 cm, 28 HU, SUVmax value of 27.3 in the left adrenal. These masses were reported to be not compatible with metastasis and suggested a tumor of the adrenal origin or bilateral adrenocortical carcinoma. In laboratory tests, since Adrenocorticotropic hormone level 291-592 pg/mL (high) and Cortisol level was 7.5-9.5 mcg/dL (low), bilateral adrenalectomy was performed considering adrenocortical cancer primarily. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma was determined as the result of the pathology. Postoperative hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone treatment was initiated for the patient immediately. The patient was transferred to the hematology inpatient clinic to receive Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisolone chemotherapy. In this case report, we aimed to emphasize that the differential diagnosis should be made well in massive bilateral adrenal masses. Although the diagnosis is challenging, clinicians should be alert in diagnosing lymphoma in bilateral, massive adrenal masses with adrenal insufficiency. Since this disease's prognosis is poor and aggressive, a histopathological diagnosis should be obtained, and treatment should be initiated as soon as possible.
COVID-19 pansinusitis with abducens paralysis
Authors: SEFEROGLU Meral , KOCA Nizameddin , COŞKUN Yasemin , HAKYEMEZ Bahattin
Published: January 2022

Increasing numbers of the papers indicate that SARS-CoV-2 also causes neurological symptoms; the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated yet. Hypothetic mechanisms to explain the CNS involvement of SARS-CoV-2 include the neurotropic mechanisms and the cytokine storm developing during the disease process. A middle age female patient applied to the emergency department with complaints of eye pain, a double, foggy, and blurred vision and a severe throbbing headache. The outward gaze was found to be limited in her right eye. Nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 RNA was positive, radiological findings were supported the COVID pneumonia and diffuse sinonasal inflammation. Cranial imaging showed thickening and contrast involvement in the cavernous sinus in the postcontrast series. While shortness of breath improved, and the headache was completely resolved on the 10th day of treatment the right eye outward gaze restriction was continued. The control MRI reveals a significant reduction in cavernous thickening and contrast enhancement and complete resolution in dural thickening. In our case of COVID, cranial nerve involvement and pansinusitis developed without cytokine storm findings suggests that the virus has spread to the cavernous sinuses and dura by regional neighborhood. Neurological symptoms may appear as the first symptom of COVID.
Influence of Different Fertility Management Practices on Productivity and Economics of Forage Soybean
Authors: Raja Waseem , Bhat M. Anwar , Allie B.A. , Jehangir Intikhab A. , Hussain Ashaq
Published: January 2022

Background: Quality and higher fodder production is one of the important aspects to get higher productivity from live stock. India suffer a net deficiency of 35.6% green fodder, 10.95% dry crop residues and Jammu and Kashmir faces a net deficit of 19% in fodder. The choice to grow cultivated fodder crops during kharif season in Kashmir is limited and are grown generally under rainfed conditions. The major kharif season fodder cereal crops are maize and sorghum and the legume fodder crops are cowpea and soybean. To improve the quality and yield of fodder crops, it is important to standardise production technology for legume fodder crops. Methods: A field experiment was undertaken at Agronomy Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Wadura of Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir during kharif 2019 and 2020 to study the impact of different fertility management practices on productivity and economics of forage soybean. The experiment comprising of seven treatments laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Result: Application of N, P2O5, K2O (30, 90, 45 kg/ha) along with 0.1 tons/ha vermicompost recoded higher green fodder productivity and growth characters of soybean. However application of N, P2O5, K2O (20, 60, 30 kg/ha) was found economically viable option.
Investigation of the Prevalence of Brucella Diagnosis in Serum and Milk in Cattle
Authors: Ülker U.
Published: January 2022

Background: Brucellosis is an infectious disease that affects both cattle and humans. Because brucellosis causes economic losses, serovalance studies are important in terms of eradication. Its diagnosis is integral to the design and implementation of preventive and management strategies for both cattle and humans. Various serological tests are commonly used in diagnostic processes. Methods:This study was carried out in cattle farms located in Ankara, Çankırı, Kırşehir, Kayseri, Çorum, Yozgat, Kırıkkale, Nevşehir provinces in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey between January-2018 and December-2020. Bovines included in the study, simple random sampling method and 320 bovine blood serum and milk samples that were reported not to have Brucella vaccine were used. RBPT, SAT, CFT, I-ELISA tests were performed in the blood serum samples included in the study and I-Elisa, MRT tests were performed in the milk samples. Result: The tests revealed that an average of 35.4% of the cattle had the bacteria while 64.5% of the raw milk samples were infected with brucellosis. The findings demonstrated the need to implement better strategies for managing and preventing brucellosis among animals, including vaccination. As a result, indirect ELISA (I-ELISA) method is considered as a useful, reliable, fast tool in the detection of Brucella from in milk and serum samples. However, it I-ELISA method can be used as a support for conventional tests in the initial isolation of waste materials and that its simultaneous use in field screening tests can be good diagnostic performance.
Partial Results Regarding the Genetic Determinism of Growth Process in a Native Horse Breed using Wither’s Height
Authors: Maftei Marius , Ianitchi Daniela , Pruna Mihai , Dronca Dorel
Published: January 2022

Study of variability in domestic animal populations is the foundation of quantitative genetics. Based on statistical methods, the weights of the total phenotype variation that belong to its different fractions (causal components) are quantified: variation due to gene additive effect, variation due to allelic and non-allelic interactions, variation due to environment (general and special), variation due to genotype-environment interaction and possibly variation due to the association between genotype and environment. In this study, during 2017-2020, we used the method of analysis of variance with two sources of variation. The material was represented by 538 individuals from Hucul horse breed analyzed at 18, 30 and 42 months old). The heritability of character was 0.3402±0.1546 (18 months), 0.5549±0.2225 (30 months), 0.4506±0.1895 (42 months), suggest that this is a hereditary condition that follows a quantitative model of inheritance, where the influence of additive genetic factors is moderate to intense. We can conclude that, in this native breed and for this character, a significant share of the phenotypic value is due to the additive effect of genes.
Sustainable Development and Economic Growth: A Reality or an Oxymoron?
Authors: El Chami Daniel
Published: January 2022

The word "sustainable" is on everyone's lips and every publication; however, it is over-and misused as a trend for marketing and profit purposes, sometimes unethically for "greenwashing". This distortion creates an obstacle in creating a more sustainable world and leads authors to describe sustainable development and economic growth as oxymorons. This paper describes the relationship between sustainable development and economic growth and explains how sustainability reporting, particularly management, governance and social disclosures (GRI 100), could effectively stimulate economic growth. However, to reach a sustainable model, the paper recommends a mental and theoretical transformation in economic growth's perception to move from profit maximisation to optimisation. Finally, the manuscript calls to intensify research in this direction for a sustainable transformation of our society.
Moderating Effect of Illiquidity on The Relationship Between Momentum and Equity Returns in The Kenyan Capital Markets
Authors: Ndichu Peter Kamau , Mule Robert Kisavi
Published: January 2022

This paper sought to examine the moderating effect of illiquidity on the relationship between momentum and equity returns in the Kenyan capital markets. Previous studies have shown that illiquidity has a time-varying effect on momentum strategies, but little is known whether illiquidity has a moderating effect on the relationship between momentum and equity returns in Kenyan capital markets. A longitudinal research design was used for this study to examine the causal inference. Data comprised of monthly transactions on the 20 equities used in the formulation of the NSE 20 share index over the period between Jan 2009 and up to March 2018 which formed 111 data points. ADF and PP results showed that Returns and momentum are stationary at levels while illiquidity was stationary at first difference. The error correction term was negative and statistically significant with or without the moderator. Results indicate that without a moderator percentage increase in momentum is linked to a 0.0000313% increase in returns in the short run. The study further shows that the effect of momentum on equity returns is moderated by illiquidity using a t-test. R2 changed from 0.427 to 0.4337 indicating a change of 0.006 at 0.05% significant level suggesting that illiquidity moderates the relationship between momentum and equity returns in the Kenyan capital markets.
Caractérisation De La Diversité, De La Structure Des Tailles Et Du Stress Écologique Au Niveau Du Peuplement Des Poissons Sur Le Fleuve Bandama (Côte d’Ivoire, Afrique De l’Ouest)
Authors: Kouassi Brahiman Kien , Awa Ndiaye , Benié Rose Danielle Aboua
Published: January 2022

La connaissance de la faune ichtyologique des eaux ivoiriennes préoccupe à la fois les scientifiques et les responsables de développement du secteur de la pêche. En effet, l’intensification croissante de l’exploitation des ressources halieutiques en milieu continental fait planer de réels risques de régression et de disparition des espèces. Cette étude vise à caractériser la variation spatio-temporelle de la faune ichtyologique et d’identifier les indices biologiques qui déterminent la distribution des espèces de poissons et l’état d’exploitation de ces poissons dans le fleuve Bandama. Les poissons ont été échantillonnés de juillet 2019 à juin 2020 à partir des captures des pêcheurs locaux. Chaque spécimen identifié, est pesé et mesuré. L’analyse spatio-temporelle a indiqué une variation non significative (p > 0,05) de la faune ichtyologique et des indices de diversité H’ et E. Néanmoins, L’analyse de la structure du peuplement (H’ de 2,09 à 2,34; E de 0,83 à 0,85) a révélé un milieu fluvial assez diversifié. Il est dominé par les Cichlidae et Cyprinidae au niveau des familles et Labeo coubie, Coptodon zillii et Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus au niveau des espèces quel que soit le site de pêche. Ce peuplement est composé majoritairement de spécimens juvéniles. Les résultats de ce travail constituent une étude de base pour les gouvernants dans la mise en place de plan de gestion durable des ressources halieutiques en milieu continental. L’essentiel de la production du fleuve Bandama est fourni par les Cichlidae et dans la localité de Tiassalé. Néanmoins, les indices de diversité calculés montrent une ichtyofaune diversifiée. Cette ichtyofaune est dominée par des juvéniles.
Expansão do ensino superior no Brasil: diversificação institucional e do corpo discente
Authors: Tomás Maria Carolina , Silveira Leonardo Souza
Published: January 2022

O artigo analisa os resultados do processo de expansão do Ensino Superior no Brasil, a partir do exame da heterogeneidade dos cursos de graduação, por meio da construção de perfis, considerando as características gerais dos cursos associadas às instituições que os ofertam, sua localização regional e a adoção de políticas de ampliação do acesso ao ensino superior, como bolsas e ações afirmativas. Em um segundo momento, utiliza-se as características dos alunos e dos cursos para compreender em que medida a expansão levou à diversificação do perfil das instituições e do perfil do corpo discente. Para isso, foram utilizados dados do Censo da Educação Superior e da base de dados do Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (2013, 2014 e 2015) por meio de uma análise de cluster de dois estágios e posterior análise descritiva das características de cada cluster. Os resultados indicam que a diversificação institucional alcançada no século 21 tem reflexos no perfil do corpo discente de acordo com o perfil dos cursos com destaque para a heterogeneidade do sistema privado e do perfil dos alunos matriculados nesse nível educacional, reforçando a complexidade, a hierarquia e as desigualdades do ensino superior no país.
Patrimonialismo: o debate brasileiro e alguns elementos para sua crítica
Authors: Regatieri Ricardo Pagliuso
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo se dedica a reconstruir os principais momentos do debate sobre patrimonialismo no Brasil até os dias atuais e a pensar criticamente seus limites. Ele se inicia com o que chamo de discussão “clássica” sobre patrimonialismo no Brasil, que vai desde os ensaístas sociais da década de 1930 até discussões dos anos 1970 e começo dos 1980. Na sequência, trato de releituras sobre o tema do patrimonialismo que tiveram lugar nas últimas duas décadas. No próximo passo, mostro em que medida as críticas de Maria Sylvia de Carvalho Franco e Jessé Souza ao uso do conceito de patrimonialismo não conseguem transcender o terreno do debate em torno da “recepção equivocada” de Weber no Brasil. Em seguida, mostro como a leitura que Jessé Souza faz de Weber, influenciada pelas correntes das modernidades alternativas e modernidades múltiplas, impede que o autor brasileiro tenha uma visão mais alargada da modernidade que a veja como constituída de forma simultânea no centro e na periferias globais. Por fim, a partir do debate brasileiro sobre o patrimonialismo, esboço elementos de tal visão da modernidade.
Examining the association between stock return and seasonally adjusted trade in India
Authors: Nadham N. Viswa , Chowdhury Piyali Roy , Rao Roopashree
Published: January 2022

This paper aims to examine the association between Indian stock market return and seasonally adjusted trade for Indian Banking sector shares. The objective of the study is to measure the association between stock return and seasonally adjusted trade in the Indian stock market and recommend strategies. Due to the Covid 19 outbreak banking sector was highly affected, the Government of India also announced a moratorium on all categories of loans, banking business majorly depending on the deposit and loan creation, so the Government decision threaten the banking sector. Many private sector banks terminated temporary staff because of cut cost policies.  We divided the banking sector into three segments. Namely, Public, Private and Small Finance Banks. Utilizing daily data from February 2020 to July 2020, consisting of 2196 in numbers, we ran a panel Vector Autoregression model to analyze the association. It was found that the return of stocks is influencing the volume of trade during this period. Also, while measuring the short-run causality, it is found that the return of banking stocks specifically granger causes the volume of trade. The suggestions of the study lie in providing importance to framing policies on improving the financial health of the economy through different fiscal policies. Strategic policies are required to face post-Covid situations. The turnaround strategies to combat the effects of the pandemic are characterized by the availability of the sustainable resources of the particular sector in consideration.
Influence of CSR stakeholders on the textile firms performances
Authors: Nabi Md. Nurun , Akter Mst. Marium , Habib Ahashan , Al Masud Abdullah , Kumer Pal Subrata
Published: January 2022

Ready-made garments (RMG) are one of the most critical sectors in the economy of the South Asian region in terms of the labor force employed and export earnings. This research study aims to determine the Corporate Social Responsibility Stakeholders dimension and its influence on textile firms Performance. The study used organizational legitimacy as mediating variable between the CSR stakeholders and firms’ performances. The research study was used in the quantitative analysis approach to determine the cause and effect of the relationship between CSR and Textile firm’s financial and non-financial performance. Though the study collected primary data & secondary data from 250 respondents using survey questionnaires, the researcher obtained secondary data by analyzing the audited annual and sustainability reports of various RMG companies. We have collected data by conducting a focus group interview forming a team of employers, top-level managers, and CSR officers. We asked them all the questions, filled it, tapped it, reserved it for the interpretations. We have surveyed 67 industries, but it enabled us to collect the data from the 50 sectors—the data collected from 2016 April to 2018 December. Our study has some limitations in that the sample size is small compared to the other research. SPSS-23 & MS-Excel were used to analyze the collected data. CSR practices benefitted RMG companies in terms of long-term sustainable development by increasing the firm’s financial and non-financial performance of the RMG sector.
The role of perceived severity and vulnerability on COVID-19 in explaining hygiene product purchase behavior towards protection motivation
Authors: Gistya Anugerah Desy , Rohman Fatchur , Aisjah Siti
Published: January 2022

This study aims to explain the emergence of hygiene product purchasing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). Perceived severity and vulnerability, as well as protection motivation, are variables that are predicted to affect hygiene product purchase behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic. The object of this research is the adult citizens of Malang City who purchase hygiene products during the COVID-19 pandemic. Partial Least Square (PLS) is used in this study to answer the research objectives with the help of SmartPLS 3.3. This study found that perceived severity and protection intention played a role in stimulating the emergence of hygiene product purchase behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in Malang City.
Female academics’ views on work-life conflict in a Covid-19 global pandemic in Nigeria
Authors: Adeoluwa Adewumi Samson , Duma Princess Thulile
Published: January 2022

Remarking on the importance of managing the existential conflict between work and family responsibilities, emphasis on female academics in a COVID-19 era in Nigeria has received diminutive research attention. The study seeks to address this research gap by interrogating women's views of work-life conflict narrative in a COVID-19 era. The exploratory research design was employed to expand the limit of the research gap and a total of 19 female academics were y recruited for interviews. The NVivo (v.12) qualitative software was employed to identify themes from the data and content analysis used to make sense of the various themes. The paper shows evidence of cultural bias in the recruitment and placement of female academics with social constraints hindering female academic capacity development. The long hours of teaching and consultation depict an indicator of work-life conflict with consequences on family support and emotional care for family and dependents. The need to acquire higher education qualifications on the part of females is also established as a pointer for the provocation of work-life conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic. The significance of lockdown constitutes major constraints for parenting mothers in the areas of combining home front responsibilities with work activities such as teaching, supervision, and the requirement of building a competitive career and research portfolio. The study concludes for a more robust measure in ensuring practical and realistic work-life conflict management strategies are introduced by managers of the University in order to aid the conflict between work and family responsibilities for female academics.
Technology orientation and innovation capability in the digital transformation process of SMEs: A review
Authors: Mamduh Achmad , Pratikto Heri
Published: January 2022

From various reviews about innovation, this article will discuss technology orientation and innovation capabilities through digital transformation 4.0 in small businesses. There is a need to examine the relationship between the two from a useful perspective about see toward using various studies related to technology orientation and innovation capabilities in the industrial era 4.0. This study aims to increase understanding of technology orientation and innovation capabilities in the context of small businesses through Digital Transformation 4.0 by reviewing the empirical literature. The articles presented can guide further studies related to technology orientation with innovation capabilities so that it can be easily understood by researchers and entrepreneurs among small businesses.
Les ventes de bois des forêts publiques en 2019
Authors: Office national des forêts Direction Commerciale Bois et Services
Published: January 2022

La crise des scolytes de l’Épicéa amplifiée et la conjoncture internationale dégradée conduisent à un repli de 12% du chiffre d’affaires bois des forêts publiques. Le prix des bois perd 9% en moyenne, et plus sur le Chêne et surtout l’Épicéa. Pour le Chêne, ce sont les petits bois et ceux de qualité secondaire qui sont en difficulté alors que la qualité merrain est très demandée. L’excès de bois scolytés cause aussi une moindre demande en Pins et en Hêtre, en volume et en prix. Les volumes fournis en contrats d’approvisionnement progressent de 2 % et jouent leur rôle régulateur.
Écosystèmes forestiers et maladies infectieuses : des liens complexes
Authors: Soubelet Hélène , Silvain Jean-François
Published: January 2022

Les surfaces forestières se sont accrues dans les régions tempérées et ont diminué significativement dans les régions tropicales consécutivement à la déforestation Ces processus modifient les liens entre forêts et santé humaine La probabilité de contracter certaines maladies est liée à la fréquence ou la quantité des fréquentations des forêts par l’Homme, mais également à deux autres catégories de phénomènes, les dégradations des écosystèmes forestiers et les changements dans la composition des communautés d’espèces, et ce tant dans les forêts tempérées (maladie de Lyme par exemple) que tropicales (virus Ebola ou l’ulcère de Buruli par exemple). Mieux comprendre les liens entre forêts et maladies infectieuses passe par des recherches multidisciplinaires, intégrant les comportements humains, l’épidémiologie des épidémies et l’écologie des pathogènes, des hôtes et des vecteurs.
L’iloscope de La Motte-Servolex : analyse et comparaisons de 48 scénarios de mise en place d’îlots de sénescence en futaie irrégulière de montagne
Authors: Laguet Sébastien , Bruciamacchie Max
Published: January 2022

À l’occasion du colloque « Naturalité, vers une autre culture des Eaux et des Forêts », organisé par le WWF, l’Irstea (désormais INRAE), le REFORA et l’ONF du 17 au 20 septembre 2013, un nouvel outil a été créé afin d’aider les gestionnaires à optimiser la création ou l’extension d’un réseau de peuplements matures. Cet outil, l’iloscope, a avant tout une fonction pédagogique. Depuis sa création en 2013, 48 équipes se sont succédé sur l’iloscope de la forêt communale de La Motte-Servolex pour faire des propositions d’implantation de réseaux d’îlots de sénescence. Ces exercices ont eu lieu pour certains dans le cadre de leur formation continue (forestiers en activité), pour des élèves ingénieurs dans le cadre de leur formation initiale, pour d’autres à l’occasion de manifestations mélangeant des publics pas forcément forestiers. Encadrées par les volontés écrites du propriétaire de la forêt, les équipes ont majoritairement choisi de prendre en compte la maturité des peuplements, l’ancienneté des dernières exploitations et la localisation des autres éléments de la trame écologique intraforestière existante aux alentours pour compléter le réseau. Organisé sous forme d’une journée de formation avec des participants répartis par équipes, l’iloscope fait ressortir les effets ou conséquences économiques, écologiques et sociales de chaque proposition. Il permet de les comparer, d’en débattre et finalement d’enrichir la réflexion de chaque participant.
La crise des scolytes (Ips typographus) ravageurs de l’Épicéa commun (Picea abies) vue de l’intérieur Retours sur une enquête qualitative auprès d’acteurs du nord-est de la France et sa zone transfrontalière (Allemagne, Belgique) réalisée fin 2019 – début 2020
Authors: Sénécal Samuel , Brice Kévin , Sauban François , Duvauchelle Manon , Morin Anouk , Rombaut Geoffroy , Bouan Grégoire , Couette Antoine , Blondet Marieke , Lenglet Jonathan , Wernsdörfer Holger
Published: January 2022

L’épidémie de scolytes (essentiellement Ips typographus) qui sévit depuis 2018 dans les pessières d’Europe a conduit à une situation de crise dans la filière forêt-bois. Cette étude a pour objectif de caractériser et de comprendre la façon dont les acteurs font face à ces événements afin d’en tirer des enseignements pour de futures crises. Une enquête qualitative a été conduite entre novembre 2019 et janvier 2020 auprès de 41 acteurs de la filière forêt-bois dans les régions Grand Est, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, Bade-Wurtemberg et Wallonie. Elle a mis en évidence des freins et points de blocage concernant la gestion de cette crise tels qu’un manque d’anticipation, des difficultés techniques et financières pour mener les actions opérationnelles nécessaires, une communication lente au niveau national, ou des difficultés administratives pour obtenir des aides financières. En revanche, la crise semble avoir conduit à un renforcement des collaborations au sein de la filière, notamment grâce au travail des structures interprofessionnelles.
Valoriser et renforcer les mécanismes d’évolution génétique par la sylviculture, pour l’adaptation au changement climatique
Authors: Lefèvre François , Boivin Thomas , Bontemps Aurore , Courbet François , Davi Hendrik , Durand-Gillmann Marion , Fady Bruno , Gauzere Julie , Gidoin Cindy , Karam Marie-Joe , Lalagüe Hadrien , Oddou-Muratorio Sylvie , Pichot Christian
Published: January 2022

L’adaptation est un enjeu majeur de la gestion forestière dans le contexte du changement climatique La diversité génétique qui caractérise les arbres forestiers leur confère un potentiel adaptatif très important mais pas illimité Prendre en compte les mécanismes de l’évolution dans les pratiques de gestion forestière adaptative renforcera la capacité des forêts gérées à répondre aux changements et aux aléas induits par le climat. En mettant l’accent sur le cas des forêts en régénération naturelle, nous proposons un cadre conceptuel général permettant d’intégrer la connaissance de ces mécanismes dans la prise de décision, dans une démarche de sylviculture par et pour l’évolution Ce cadre général pourra être décliné dans des situations locales diverses et complexes en s’appuyant sur la connaissance du contexte qu’ont les gestionnaires forestiers Nous développons une grille d’analyse simple, basée sur un petit nombre de paramètres caractérisant les mécanismes de l’évolution, pour comprendre l’impact des pratiques sylvicoles sur la dynamique de la diversité génétique et le maintien du potentiel d’évolution des populations d’arbres forestiers Après avoir rappelé l’état des connaissances sur les mécanismes de l’évolution chez les arbres forestiers, nous examinons les effets attendus de pratiques forestières actuelles ou innovantes sur ces mécanismes Pour illustrer la complexité des mécanismes en interaction, nous développons plus en détail les conséquences évolutives des interactions biotiques et celles d’un environnement fortement hétérogène La sylviculture par et pour l’évolution peut contribuer à l’adaptation des forêts au changement climatique Elle nécessite de combiner des objectifs à court et à long terme Nous proposons des pistes de recherche et d’expérimentation pour accompagner cette démarche.
Dynamiques forestières à l'ère anthropocène : mise au point sémantique et proposition de définitions écologiques
Authors: Decocq Guillaume , Dupouey Jean-Luc , Bergès Laurent
Published: January 2022

Dans cette mise au point sémantique, nous proposons de formaliser une série de définitions des termes les plus fréquemment utilisés pour qualifier une forêt selon son degré d’anthropisation. La forêt est appréhendée ici sous sa dimension écosystémique, incluant biotope et biocœnose. Dans un souci de robustesse conceptuelle, nous nous appuyons sur quatre théories scientifiques : la théorie des communautés végétales, la théorie des successions écologiques, la théorie des perturbations et la théorie de la hiérarchie, dont les contributions sont brièvement analysées. Sur cette base, nous reprenons un certain nombre de définitions et en proposons de nouvelles, de manière à qualifier une forêt selon quatre attributs fondamentaux : son origine et sa genèse ; son degré de naturalité ; son historicité et sa morphologie. Chaque définition est explicitée, argumentée et illustrée à l’aide d’exemples concrets. Nous concluons par une réflexion ouverte sur le concept d’état de référence pour une forêt.