bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial on Using Ivermectin with Doxycycline for Treating COVID-19 Patients in Baghdad, Iraq
Authors:   Alkarkh Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, Hashim Hashim , Maulood Mohammed ,   Alforat Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, Ali Chasib ,   Alkharkh General Directorate of Health, Baghdad, Iraq, Rasheed Anwar ,   Alkharkh General Directorate of Health, Baghdad, Iraq, Fatak Dhurgham ,   Alkharkh General Directorate of Health, Baghdad, Iraq, Kabah Khulood ,   Alkharkh General Directorate of Health, Baghdad, Iraq, Abdulamir Ahmed ,   College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

COVID-19 patients suffer from the lack of curative therapy. Hence, there is an urgent need to try repurposed old drugs on COVID-19. Randomized controlled study on 70 COVID-19 patients (48 mild-moderate, 11 severe, and 11 critical patients) treated with 200 µg/kg PO of Ivermectin per day for 2-3 days along with 100 mg PO doxycycline twice per day for 5-10 days plus standard therapy; the second arm is 70 COVID-19 patients (48 mild-moderate and 22 severe and zero critical patients) on standard therapy, which is (vitamin C, D, and zinc, azithromycin, dexamethasone and oxygen supply if needed). The time to recovery, the progression of the disease, and the mortality rate were the outcome-assessing parameters. Among all patients and among severe patients, 3/70 (4.28%) and 1/11 (9%), respectively progressed to a more advanced stage of the disease in the Ivermectin-Doxycycline group versus 7/70 (10%) and 7/22 (31.81%), respectively in the control group (P>0.05). The mortality rate was 0/48 (0%), 0/11 (0%), and 2/11 (18.2%) in mild-moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients, respectively in Ivermectin-Doxycycline group versus 0/48 (0%), and 6/22 (27.27%) in mild-moderate and severe COVID-19 patients, respectively in standard therapy group (p=0.052). Moreover, the mean time to recovery was 6.34, 20.27, and 24.13 days in mild-moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients, respectively in Ivermectin-Doxycycline group versus 13.66 and 24.25 days in mild-moderate and severe COVID-19 patients, respectively in standard therapy group (P<0.01). It is concluded that Ivermectin with doxycycline reduced the time to recovery, the percentage of patients progress to more advanced stage of disease, and reduced mortality rate in severe patients from 22.72% to 0%. Keywords: Ivermectin, Doxycycline, COVID-19, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 Citation: Hashim HA, Maulood MF, Ali CL, Rasheed AM, Fatak DF, Kabah KK, Abdulamir AS. Controlled randomized clinical trial on using ivermectin with doxycycline for treating COVID-19 patients in Baghdad, Iraq Iraqi JMS. 2021; 19(1): 107-115. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.19.1.14
The Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy on Early Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors:   Head of Rheumatology Clinic, Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, Al-Saraj Muhamed , Al-Ethary Zeki ,   Holter Unit, Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, Al-Attar Zaid ,   Dept. of Pharmacology, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic chronic, inflammatory disease that may affect many tissues and organs. Objective: To investigate effectiveness and safety of Low-level-laser-therapy (LLLT) in management of early onset RA compared to symptomatic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) therapy. Methods: A convenient selection 3 arms single blinded trial conducted in Al-Saraj Center for Rheumatoid Diseases in Baghdad during period between January-May 2017. Thirty-four patients with RA onset below one year were recruited. Disease activity score (DAS28) formula with American College of Rheumatology criteria (ACR20), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), visual analogue scale (VAS), complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF) were measured. Patients were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=12) received LLLT, group 2 (n=12) received placebo laser and naproxen and group 3 (n=10) received only naproxen. Primary outcomes measured were disease activity using DAS28 score, clinical improvement using ACR20 and pain assessment using VAS. Secondary outcomes measured were remission ACR50 and 70 and inflammatory indicators. Results: LLLT group has shown significant decrease of DAS28 (P=0.02), morning stiffness duration (p=0.05), number of tender joints (p=0.03), number of swelling joints (p=0.04), and VAS (p=0.01) compared to baseline whereas placebo laser group with naproxen and naproxen only group showed only significant reduction in duration of morning stiffness(P=0.04) and (p=0.048) respectively. There was marginal lowering of ESR (P=0.06) in LLLT group but no changes in CRP, RF. There were no reported side effects of LLLT use. Conclusion: Laser therapy is better than NSAIDS in controlling RA symptoms with no associated side effects. Therefore, it is recommended as first-line therapy in early onset RA. Keywords: laser, Low level laser therapy, rheumatoid arthritis, NSAIDS, ESR, Nerve root Citation: Al-Saraj MJA, Al-Ethary ZY, Al-Attar ZI. the effect of low level laser therapy on early onset rheumatoid arthritis patients. Iraq Iraqi JMS. 2021; 19(1): 126-133. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.19.1.16
Evaluation of HBx Antigen in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection
Authors:   Public Health Laboratory, Kirkuk, Iraq, Mahdi Amal , Al-Khezrachi Aseel ,   Baghdad-Al-Karkh Medical Center, Shamran Haidar ,   Medical Research Unit, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Al-Obaidi Asmaa ,   Dept. of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a serious public health problem worldwide and major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Objective: To assess the association of the role hepatitis B x antigen (HBxAg) in chronic HBV; active and inactive patients, and complicated patients. Methods: Ninety blood samples from patients who had chronic HBV were enrolled in this study. Serum samples were screened by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique for the detection of HBxAg. Viral nucleic acid was extracted from these 90 samples, and plasma HBV viral load was investigated by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: The overall prevalence of HBxAg was 26.7% with a significantly higher prevalence in active than inactive patients. Conclusion: The high HBxAg prevalence rates in active chronic patients raise the possibility of increasing risk of disease progression. Keywords: Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis B X antigen (HBxAg), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Citation: Mahdi AF, Al-Khezrachi AH, Shamran HA, Al-Obaidi AB. Evaluation of HBx antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Iraqi JMS. 2021; 19(1): 18-23. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.19.1.3
Zizyphus spina christi Effect on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Kindling
Authors:   Dept. of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Thi-Qar University, Thi-Qar, Iraq, Al-Humaidhi Abeer , Abd Abdulkareem ,   Dept. of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq, Ghazi Haider ,   Dept. of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq,
Published: February 2022

Background: Epilepsy is a common disorder of brain that is not well controlled via drugs available for it. Gephyrin, a well-known inhibitory synaptic regulator, has a role in epilepsy. Additionally, significant development of oxidative stresses tends to be involved in epileptic seizure pathophysiology that giving rise to neuronal cell death. Zizyphus spina christi is a vastly available Iraqi tree and its leaves have several beneficial effects on central nervous system level. Objective: To investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of crude Zizyphus spina christi extract in kindling model induced. Methods: The removed brains of forty albino male mice from four separate groups were exposed to immunohistochemical test for gephyrin, glutathione, and NeuN expressions. Results: The data found that pretreatment with Zizyphus spina christi crude extract shows highly significant difference (P value <0.001) in immunohistochemical scores for all studied parameters as compared with those being of pentylenetetrazole-kindled group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that crude Zizyphus spina christi extract of leaves is effective in protection against kindling that induced via pentylenetetrazole when applied orally for male mice. Keywords: Gephyrin; glutathione; kindling; NeuN; pentylenetetrazole; Zizyphus spina christi Citation: Al-Humaidhi AM, Abd AH, Ghazi HF. Zizyphus spina christi effect on pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling. Iraqi JMS. 2021; 19(1): 49-55. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.19.1.7
Points of Consideration in Applying to Surgery Training Programs
Authors:   Central Michigan University College of Medicine, USA, Tuma Faiz
Published: February 2022

Surgery training continues to be challenging and competitive. Training programs developed multiple strategies to select the best candidates. Applicants continue to improve their chances to join the highly ranked programs. Various skills and strategies have been adopted to optimize their application process. However, many applicants are still in need to prepare for the application process and identify the best strategy to present themselves. In this editorial, we provide practical points to consider when planning to apply and join a surgery training program. Keywords: Surgical training, Application strategies, Surgery programs, Residency application Citation: Tuma FL. Points of consideration in applying to surgery training programs. Iraqi JMS. 2021; 19(2): 134-136. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.19.2.1
Biochemical Estimation of Total Sialic Acid, Lipid-Bound Sialic Acid and Fucose in Serum Patients with Nasal and Paranasal Sinus Malignancies
Authors:   Dept. of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Al-Hikma University College, Baghdad, Iraq, Mohammed Alaa , Mahdi Nidal ,   Dept. of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Al-Hikma University College, Baghdad, Iraq, Ahmed Fakhri ,   Dept. of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Al-Hikma University College, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: It is known that measurement of serum total sialic acid (TSA), lipid bound sialic acid (LBSA) and L-Fucose levels may be altered and associated with different types of disease included malignant tumors, therefore, the evaluation of these compounds in serum cancer patients may elucidate the possibility of using this as a diagnostic marker. Objective: To explore the clinical application of TSA, LBSA and L-Fucose serum levels in patients with different site of nasal and para nasal sinus malignancies and compare with a group of healthy controls. Methods: Blood samples obtained from 16 patients with nasal-paranasal sinus malignancies confirmed cases (12 males, 4 females) (age range 45-73 years) and 28 healthy individuals (18 males, 10 females) (age range 38-67 years) participated in this study. Serum TSA and LBSA levels were determined by using colorimetric methods and the serum Fucose level estimation was done based on the method as adopted by Winzler using cysteine reagent. Results: Results showed that serum levels of TSA, LBSA and L-Fucose were significantly higher in cancer patients compared to normal healthy control (P<0.001) and more increased in patients with ethmoid and frontal sinuses cancer group. Conclusion: Estimation of TSA, LBSA and L-Fucose is suggestive to be a reliable marker as well as can use an effective diagnostic biomarker of cancer patients. Keywords: Sialic acid, lipid-bound sialic acid, Fucose, nasal, paranasal sinus cancer, spectrophotometer Citation: Mohammed AK, Mahdi NR, Ahmed FS. Biochemical estimation of total sialic acid, lipid-bound sialic acid and fucose in serum patients with nasal and paranasal sinus malignancies. Iraqi JMS. 2021; 19(2): 137-146. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.19.2.2
Assessment of PTEN Deletion or Signal Reduction in Breast Carcinoma Using FISH Technique in A Sample of Iraqi Female Patients
Authors:   Dept. of Pharmacy, Al-Esraa University College, Baghdad, Iraq, Al-Taie Mohammed , Qasim Ban ,   Dept. of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) gene is located at the 10q23 region that regulates cell proliferation and survival mainly by regulating PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)-AKT (protein kinase B) signaling pathways. PTEN gene is one of the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor genes in human cancer. Loss of PTEN gene can cause overgrowth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism of tumor cells. In breast cancer, loss of PTEN gene is associated with the occurrence of tumor and is significantly correlated with its characteristics. Objective: To assess the frequency of PTEN deletion or signal reduction in breast cancer in a sample of Iraqi female patients using FISH technique and its relation with clinico-pathological parameters (age, tumor size, multicentricity, histopathological types, grade, pathological stage and lymph node status). Methods: This is a retrograde, case control study, which was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University for the period between October 2019 to November 2020. It involved 30 patients with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and 30 patients with benign breast lesions. Results: PTEN gene deletion or signal reduction was observed in 8 (26.67%) out 30 breast cancer patients. There was a significant relation between PTEN gene deletion (or signal reduction) and larger tumor size, higher grade, advanced pathological stage, and metastasis to more than 4 lymph nodes. Conclusion: There was significance difference between cases and control groups regarding PTEN deletion or signal reduction. There was significant correlation between PTEN gene deletion or signal reduction and larger tumor size, higher pathological grade and advanced stage. Keywords: PTEN gene, breast cancer, FISH technique Citation: Al-Taie MRF, Qasim BJ. Assessment of PTEN deletion or signal reduction in breast carcinoma using FISH technique in a sample of Iraqi female patients. Iraqi JMS. 2021; 19(2): 152-162. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.19.2.4
Radiological and Clinical Results of Pemberton Osteotomy for Delayed Presentation of Iraqi DDH Patients
Authors:   Section of Orthopedic, Dept. of Surgery, Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, Chhaily Zuhair , Joda Ahmed ,   Section of Orthopedic, Dept. of Surgery, Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, Hafith Adel ,   Section of Rheumatology, Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq, Abbood Wasan ,   Section of Public Health, Al Al-Immamain Alkadhumein Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: February 2022

Background: Pelvic osteotomy is a major procedure required for lately presented with developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) patients; one of the needed osteotomies of the pelvis in such patients is Pemberton osteotomy (P.O.). Objective: To evaluate the clinical and radiological results of the P.O. for delayed presentation of Iraqi DDH patients. Methods: The study was conducted at Al-Imamein Al-Kadhimein Medical City from 2014-2020. We did the osteotomy for 32 hips of 25 patients (no one of them have neuromuscular disease). Of them 28 hips were Tönnis stage IV, 4 stage III, and 2 stage II. Results: The clinical status of all patients has improved according to modified McKay criteria, 26 of them have excellent score, 4 have good score, 2 with fair results, but no one has bad results. Radiologically, we score Severin’s classification as 62.5% with excellent, 28.1% with good, 9.4% with fair stage, and zero for bad stage. The average acetabular index corrected from 41.34⁰ into 16.17⁰. The center edge angle of wiberg reached 32.34⁰. The VCA of Lequesne became 29.66⁰. And the ACM angle became 43.33⁰. Avascular necrosis was reported as 1 hip was class I and 1 hip as class II according to Kalamchi McOwen classification. Conclusion: Although Salter R.B. when published his article about his osteotomy discussed the P.O. as one option for pelvic osteotomies meanwhile Pemberton P.A. still not publishing his article until after 4 years even it was practiced well before that time! We found that P.O. is very useful and dependable for clinical improvement and for correcting the radiological parameters to normal values yet it is simple, safe, practical, and effective osteotomy. Keywords: Pemberton osteotomy, delayed DDH, Tonnis classification, Severin’s classification, modified McKay classification, Kalamchi McOwen classification Citation: Chhaily ZA, Joda AI, Hafith AA, Abbood WH. Radiological and clinical results of Pemberton osteotomy for delayed presentation of Iraqi DDH patients. Iraqi JMS. 2021; 19(2): 182-188. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.19.2.7
Increased Risk of Incident Diabetes Among Individuals With Latent Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Magee Matthew J. , Khakharia Anjali , Gandhi Neel R , Day Cheryl L , Kornfeld Hardy , Rhee Mary K , Phillips Larry S
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE:
In cross-sectional US studies, patients with diabetes had twice the prevalence
of latent TB infection (LTBI) compared to those without diabetes. However,
whether LTBI contributes to diabetes risk is unknown. We used longitudinal data
to determine if LTBI is associated with increased diabetes incidence.

RESEARCH
DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among US Veterans receiving care in the Veterans
Health Administration 2000-2015. Eligibility included all patients without
pre-existing diabetes who received a tuberculin skin test (TST) or
interferon-gamma release-assay (IGRA). We excluded patients with a history of
active TB and those diagnosed with diabetes before or within 2 years after LTBI
testing. Patients were followed until diabetes diagnosis, death, or 2015. LTBI
was defined as TST or IGRA positive. Incident diabetes was defined by use of
ICD-9 codes in combination with a diabetes drug prescription.

RESULTS:
Among 574,113 eligible patients, 5.3% received both TST/IGRA, 79.1% received
TST only, and 15.6% received IGRA only. Overall 6.6% had LTBI, and there were
2,535,149 person-years (PY) of follow-up after LTBI testing (median 3.2 years).
The diabetes incidence rate (IR, per 100,000 PY) was greater in patients with
LTBI compared to those without (1,012 vs 744; hazard ratio [HR] 1.4, 95%CI
1.3-1.4). Increased diabetes incidence persisted after adjustment for
covariates (adjusted HR [aHR] 1.2, 95%CI 1.2-1.3) compared to those without
LTBI. Among patients with LTBI, diabetes incidence was similar in those treated
for LTBI compared to those who were not treated (aHR 1.0, 95%CI 0.9-1.1).

CONCLUSION:
Comprehensive longitudinal data indicate that LTBI is associated with increased
diabetes incidence. These results have implications for people with LTBI, ~25%
of the global population.
Paternidade e maternidade na adolescência:
Authors: Consoni Isadora , Rebolho Maria Eduarda Figueiredo , Salvador Amanda de Souza , Ferreira Mariana Pires , Anjos Rosana Maria Paiva dos
Published: February 2022

Objetivos: Avaliar percepções sobre sexualidade, implicações da gravidez na adolescência, suas consequências e responsabilidades, propiciando identificar e refletir sobre os fatores contributivos e desdobramentos ocasionados pela maternidade e paternidade precoces. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo. As informações foram obtidas através da aplicação de questionários sobre o conhecimento e dos fatores contribuintes para a gravidez precoce, segundo jovens estudantes no município de Sorocaba. Resultados: A pesquisa foi realizada em cinco escolas públicas, totalizando 233 alunos. Com relação à sexualidade, a métodos contraceptivos e à gravidez, evidenciou-se que 22,6% dos adolescentes buscam conhecimento na família, enquanto 10,6% buscam com médicos. Em termos percentuais, 64,4% das meninas e 70,5% dos meninos tiveram a primeira relação entre 15 e 17 anos, dos quais 64,8 e 22,8%, respectivamente, fazem pouco uso do preservativo masculino, ou não o fazem. Ademais, 89 e 92% destes consideram a gravidez na adolescência prejudicial para sua formação biopsicossocial. A precocidade da menarca, das relações sexuais e o desconhecimento sobre métodos contraceptivos podem propiciar uma gestação indesejada. Aspectos próprios da adolescência os expõem a esse risco e às infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. O papel da família, dos profissionais da saúde e dos educadores é de fundamental importância, cuja orientação e diálogo, desprovidos de julgamento, impactam vigorosamente nas escolhas dos jovens. Conclusão: A ação conjunta de educadores e profissionais da saúde amplia o conhecimento dos jovens sobre educação sexual, de modo que os programas de saúde oferecidos pelo SUS sejam eficazes na prevenção de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e da gestação precoce.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring Arus Bocor Isolator
Authors: Indah Amelya , Hulukati Stephan Adriansah , Yusrianto Malago  , Yusrianto Malago
Published: February 2022

Salah satu peralatan penting dalam sistem ketenagalistrikan adalah isolator yang berfungsi sebagai penyekat bagian bertegangan dan tidak bertegangan agar tidak terjadi aliran listrik yang berdampak pada pemadaman listrik, kebakaran dan korban jiwa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancangg sistem monitoring arus bocor isolator menggunakan sensor arus CST013 dan nodeMCU ESP8266 dan Thingspeak sebagai media monitor arus bocor yang terukur. Metode penelitian dimulai dari perancangan sistem, pembuatan prototipe, pengujian isolator dengan tegangan tinggi AC mulai dari 5 kV sampai terjadi flashover pada isolator uji. Pembacaan arus bocor oleh sensor dibandingkan dengan hasil pembacaan arus oleh multimeter. Sensor arus mulai mendeteksi arus bocor pada menit 17:41:24 sebesar 0,001 pada tegangan uji 35kV dan nilainya semakin meningkat sebanding besarnya tegangan uji dan lamanya pengujian isolator. Arus bocor tertinggi yang terukur oleh sensor terjadi pada saat isolator mengalami flashover yakni sebesar 1,932 Ampere pada tegangan uji 70kV. Selisih pembacaan  arus oleh sensor dan multimeter pada masing-masing tegangan uji 30 kV, 50 kV, 70 kV adalah 0,032 A, 0,108 A, 0,310 A.
Characteristics of Ultrasonic Wave Dolphins for Autism Therapy
Authors: Surya Herlinawati , Murdika Umi , Proborini Renyep
Published: February 2022

Abstract— Autism has been neurobiology developmental disorder experienced by a person since birth or toddler that makes him unable to form social interaction and communication (language and speech), having emotional behavior problems, sensory and motoric disturbances and abnormal or delayed development. This condition leads people with autism to being insulated with other persons and entering the repetitive world, obsessive activities and interests. Autism therapy using dolphins to produce ultrasonic waves of certain frequencies can help aligning the work function of motor and sensory nerves of people with autism. Detection and analysis of the characteristics of ultrasonic waves generated by dolphins on several conditions required to remove the background noises created by water and breathing sound from a dolphin (hiss and noise reduction). Keyword – Autism, Neurobiology, Interaction, Sensory, Ultrasonic
Pembelajaran Online pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Meningkatkan Kesulitan Belajar Matematika pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Annisah Siti , Masfiah Siti
Published: February 2022

Online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic made elementary students even more difficult to master math material. The purpose of this study was to describe how online learning can increase the difficulty of learning mathematics for elementary school students. This research was conducted in a descriptive qualitative manner involving 31 students, 9 parents, and class IV teachers of MIN 4 East Lampung. Interviews and documentation are used to obtain primary and secondary data. Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely reduction, display, and data verification. The findings of this study are 1) there has been a decrease in mathematics learning outcomes in elementary school students as a result of online learning, 2) an increase in mathematics learning difficulties experienced by students in online learning, and 3) aspects that cause an increase in mathematics learning difficulties in online learning. Thus online learning at the beginning of the Covid-19 epidemic had a negative impact on increasing math learning difficulties for elementary school students.
Pengembangan Media Komik Digital Materi Virus Terintegrasi Islam Di MAN Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Thoybah Lathifah Nor , Rohmadi Mukhlis , Lestaringsih Nanik
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Profil dari media komik digital terintegrasi islam materi virus di MAN Kota Palangka Raya; (2) Validasi media komik digital terintegrasi islam materi virus di MAN Kota Palangka Raya dan; (3) Tanggapan guru dan peserta didik tentang validasi media komik digital terintegrasi islam materi virus di MAN Kota Palangka Raya yang telah dikembangkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan Model ADDIE, tahapan dari penelitian ini daintaranya analisis, desain, mengembangkan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah; 1) profil media komik digital yang dikembangkan yaitu berbasis aplikasi Flip PDF, berisi materi biologi Virus, serta memuat integrasi Islam; 2) berdasarkan penilaian ahli media diperoleh persentase 98% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Hasil penilaian ahli materi diperoleh persentase 99% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Hasil penilaian ahli materi nilai integrasi islam diperoleh persentase 100% dengan kriteria sangat baik. Hasil uji coba kelompok kecil diperoleh persentase 91,3% dengan kriteria sangat baik; 3) tanggapan guru dan peserta didik sangat positif terhadap pengembangan komik digital ini sebagai media untuk peserta didik belajar.
Santé mentale autoévaluée, sentiment d’appartenance à la communauté, satisfaction à l’égard de la vie et changement perçu en matière de santé mentale chez les adultes pendant la deuxième et la troisième vagues de la pandémie de COVID-19 au Canada
Authors: Capaldi Colin A. , Liu Li , Ooi Laura L. , Roberts Karen C.
Published: February 2022

D’après les résultats de l’Enquête sur la COVID-19 et la santé mentale (ECSM) de 2020, la santé mentale positive chez les adultes au Canada était plus faible pendant la deuxième vague de la pandémie (automne 2020) qu’en 2019. Grâce aux données de l’hiver et du printemps 2021 de l’ECSM analysées dans cette étude, nous avons pu constater que la satisfaction moyenne à l’égard de la vie et la prévalence d’un niveau élevé de santé mentale autoévaluée, d’un fort sentiment d’appartenance à la communauté et d’une santé mentale perçue comme stable ou meilleure étaient encore plus faibles pendant la troisième vague de la pandémie que pendant la deuxième vague , à la fois dans l’ensemble de la population adulte et au sein de la plupart des groupes sociodémographiques.
TEACHER’S STRATEGIES IN TEACHING LISTENING COMRPEHENSION AT SMK BINA BERSAUDARA MEDAN
Authors: Hasanah Nadiatul , Rika Rika
Published: February 2022

TEACHER’S STRATEGIES IN TEACHING LISTENING COMRPEHENSION AT SMK BINA BERSAUDARA MEDAN *Nadiatul Hasanah **Rika ABSTRACT Hasanah, Nadiatul. Registration Number: 2163321031. Teacher’s Teaching Strategies In Teaching Listening Comprehension At SMK Bina Bersaudara Medan. English Educational Program, Universitas Negeri Medan, 2020 This study aims to find out the teaching strategies implemented by teacher in teaching listening comprehension at SMK Bina Bersaudara Medan. The research was conducted by descriptive qualitative research through two phases: observing and interviewing. It was conducted in SMK Bina Bersaudara Medan at the XI grade class. The instruments of the research were: field notes and interview transcripts. The results of this research were first, there were only two strategies that applied by the teacher in teaching listening comprehension those are Metacognitive Strategies and Cognitive Strategies. The second was the underlying factor of using those kinds of strategies in teaching listening comprehension namely the effectiveness of teachers in teaching, basically a teacher should be a good communicator, should teach the students effectively and many more which makes a teacher become professional and the most important part is the instruction strategies which she chooses to deliver the materials which helps students in learning more effective. Key words :Teacher’s Strategies, Listening Comprehension, Teaching Listening
The Road of Federal Infrastructure Spending Passes Through the States
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Leduc Sylvain , Wilson Daniel ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Published: February 2022

Because federal infrastructure spending largely takes the form of grants to state governments, the macroeconomic impact of such packages depends on the share of federal grants that “passes through” to actual infrastructure spending done by states. A low degree of pass-through would tend to mute the economic impact from federal grants, reflecting a crowd-out effect on state spending. We first revisit Knight’s (2002) influential finding of near-zero pass-through (perfect crowd out) of federal highway grants. That result is found to be specification-sensitive and is reversed completely in a longer sample, with estimates implying dollar-for-dollar pass-through of grants to spending. We then extend the analysis to allow for dynamics. We find a contemporaneous pass-through effect of about 1 and a longer-run cumulative effect of around 1.3. In the parlance of public finance, the flypaper effect is strong.
Glossophobia among Engineering Learners: A Case Study at a Technical University
Authors: Balakrishnan Subatira , Abdullah Norlisa Loke , Khoo Mei Sui Linda
Published: February 2022

Abstract: Glossophobia or fear of public speaking is commonly experienced by tertiary learners during  classroom presentations. This study intends to examine the speech anxiety level experienced by engineering learners and the relationship between the learners’ English language proficiency and their speech anxiety. The study will also identify the causes of public speaking anxiety among these engineering learners. The samples were 65 Engineering Diploma students who responded to McCroskey’s Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRPSA) questionnaire. The students’ English language grades at SPM level were used as the measurement of their English language proficiency. The findings showed the students’ speech anxiety is at moderate level (M= 105.9) and there was a weak negative relationship between total PRPSA scores and SPM English language grades (r = -.149, n = 65, p > 0.05). Mere thoughts of presenting a speech with undue worries of being asked questions were the causes of their speech anxiety. Therefore, it is proposed engineering learners be given ample public speaking trainings through planned programmes and engineering curriculum planners include elements of public speaking in engineering subjects. Public speaking skills will be an added value and increase engineering graduate employability in future.

Keywords: Communication apprehension, Glossophobia, Public speaking, Speech anxiety, PRPSA
Application of Fuzzy Mathematics Calculation in Quantitative Evaluation of Students’ Performance of Basketball Jump Shot
Authors: Qu Lianzhu , Katib Iyad , Aouad Marwan
Published: February 2022

Objective

To explore the application of fuzzy mathematics calculation in quantitative evaluation of students’ basketball jump shot performance.

Methods

Using the basic theory of fuzzy mathematics and the calculation method of fuzzy correlation, the correlation degree between the training means and the free throw hit rate was obtained, and further, the best training means to improve the free throw hit rate of basketball players were selected. As a result, when the ball reaches the highest point or falls after reaching the highest point, it is pushed out towards the 45° Angle, making the basketball fly to the basket in an arc. The jump shot is designed to avoid being blocked by a defender and is very effective against players of similar size or when no one is guarding.

Conclusion

The method proposed in this paper is suitable for the evaluation of college basketball teaching and ball skill training, and provides theoretical basis and quantitative data for training.
Blessed and Banned: Surveillance and Refusal in Somali Diasporic Art & Literature
Authors: Haque Danielle
Published: February 2022

This essay examines the work of twenty-first century Somali Anglophone writers and artists, analyzing how they confront the connected experiences of displacement, migration, and surveillance. I interpret the work of Warsan Shire, Diriye Osman, Ladan Osman, and Ifrah Mansour as embodying place-based transnationalisms that resist stereotypical media and political representations of Somali refugees as invasive and dangerous, especially gendered clichés of Somali, Muslim men as inherently violent and Somali, Muslim women as universally oppressed. Through writing, art, and performance, these works reveal how the state prevents communities from caring for one another through state apparatuses, and articulate instead a right to mutuality and care-taking.
Angka Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Pemetik Teh Lansia di Kemuning, Karanganyar
Authors: Setiorini Anggi , Agustiningsih Denny , Yunus Junaedy
Published: February 2022

Latar belakang: hipertensi mengakibatkan banyak masalah seperti penyakit kardiovaskular. Hipertensi dapat menurunkan kualitas kinerja seseorang dan mengganggu kualitas hidup. Hipertensi dapat terjadi pada semua usia tetapi paling banyak pada usia lansia karena lansia mengalami penurunan elastisitas pembuluh darah. Tujuan: tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui angka kejadian dan hubungan hipertensi pada pemetik teh lansia yang berada di Perkebunan Teh Kemuning, Karanganyar meliputi umur, masa kerja, waktu kerja dan Indeks Masa Tubuh. Metode: cross sectional dengan sampel sejumlah 30 orang pemetik teh yang sudah berusia lansia, bekerja lebih dari 5 tahun, bekerja pada area kemiringan 450. Variabel yang diukur adalah hipertensi, masa kerja, waktu kerja, pendidikan, berat badan dan tinggi badan pemetik teh.Uji bivariat menggunakan Chi Square. Hasil: penelitian ini menunjukkan angka kejadian hipertensi ringan sebanyak 83,3% dan hipertensi sedang sebanyak 16,7%. Simpulan: penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara kejadian hipertensi baik ringan dan sedang terhadap umur dan masa kerja tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan antara waktu kerja dan IMT dengan kejadian hipertensi baik ringan maupun sedang karena pada sampel didapatkan bahwa IMT normal banyak.
Accountant competence building in the digital economy environment
Authors: ITYGILOVA Elena Yu.
Published: February 2022

Subject. This article discusses the formation of the content of professional competencies of accountants and the main aspects of the transformation of the accounting profession in the conditions of Industry 4.0, namely educational, methodological, and technological.
Objectives. The article aims to assess the possibilities of forming professional competencies of students in educational programmes of higher education of accounting and analytical orientation, taking into account the trends in the digital development of the country's economy. The article also aims to substantiate the need to adapt educational programmes of an accounting orientation to the requirements of the digital economy.
Methods. For the study, I used the methods of information gathering, analysis and synthesis, and modeling in practice.
Results. Based on a review of modern research in the field of training accountants in higher educational institutions of Russia and English-speaking countries, taking into account the trends in the digital development of society, the article identifies the risks and advantages of the accounting profession prospects in the context of the mass adoption of information technologies in the country's economy. The article also defines the directions of transformation of the accounting profession in Industry 4.0 and the possibility of orienting the content of professional tasks to the formation of digital competencies.
Conclusions and Relevance. It is necessary to adapt the educational programmes for the training of accountants in higher education institutions to the requirements of the digital economy in order to bring their content closer to the interests of employers. Employers will be able to get graduates who have both profession competencies and a complex of digital knowledge, skills and abilities. The results of the study can be used to develop an approach to integrating the necessary digital knowledge, skills and abilities into the content of the tasks of professional activity, work programmes of disciplines, etc.
Methods of system analysis in solving applied problems of protection from thermal radiation of power plants
Authors:   Tver State Technical University, Tver, Russia, Puzyrev N.M. , Martynov D.V. ,   Tver State Technical University, Tver, Russia, Barbashinova N.B. ,   Tver State Technical University, Tver, Russia, Emtsev A.S. ,   Tver State Technical University, Tver, Russia
Published: February 2022

When solving tasks to ensure or improve the level of industrial safety, a large number of factors have to be taken into account. For their systematization and accounting, the application of system analysis methods is proposed and justified. Examples of the use of the morphological method for evaluating and selecting optimal solutions from a variety of possible solutions to problems of protection from thermal radiation are given.
Pengaruh Pemberian Tepung Kiambang (Salvinia molesta) Terfermentasi dalam Ransum terhadap Performa Ayam Jawa Super (Joper)
Authors: Angelina H , Nurhayati N , Candra A A
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the effect of giving fermented kiambang ( Salvinia molesta) flour on the performance of super Javanese chicken (joper) the research was conducted at the Lampung State Polytechnic enclosure. As many as 100 joper chickens are kept. Experimental research, using two treatments, namely for control 100% commercial feed and the second treatment with 10% fermented kiambang flour. This result does not affect the performance on the joper chickens. This can be seen from the data on ration consumtion, body weight gain, ration conversion, and mortality. However, fermented kiambang can be used as an alternative as a commercial feed mixture.the weight of the hen given the 10% kiambang is 734, 16 g
ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE AS PART OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPETITIVE RISK STRATEGIES
Authors:   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kharlamova Olena , Bakaliar Dmytro ,   State Biotechnological University, Hetman Olha ,   Kharkiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Abramova Olha ,   Karazin Banking Institute of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: February 2022

The article examines the key components of the economic security of an industrial enterprise in the framework of the development and implementation of a competitive strategy. An updated definition of the economic security of industrial enterprises was given, taking into account changes in the internal and external factors of the enterprise. An approach to solving the problem of economic security of an industrial enterprise was proposed, which makes it possible to take into account various competitive market strategies of industrial enterprises (violet, patent, expired, commutative) at different stages of the life cycle (creation, growth, maturity, decline). The criteria for assessing the level of economic security of an industrial enterprise are determined, based on changes in indicators for the components of the economic security of an enterprise, it allows one to determine various levels of economic security of an industrial enterprise - normal, pre-crisis, crisis and critical. Indicators were proposed for the components of the economic security of an industrial enterprise with the use of their monitoring, which makes it possible to carry out its forecast. Also, on the basis of theoretical and practical research, recommendations were developed and substantiated for the development of practical priority and ranked measures to ensure the economic security of industrial enterprises at different stages of the life cycle and implementing various competitive market strategies. The theoretical significance of the results of the article is due to the versatility of using a methodological approach to solving the problem of economic security of industrial enterprises in various industries. The practical significance lies in the creation of a mechanism that allows the company's specialists to independently assess the level of economic security based on monitoring the level of economic security, which contributes to the adoption of effective decisions. In the long-term dynamic assessment of economic security of the enterprise must take into account that the company may change competitive market strategies, and therefore, should change the benchmarks for assessing the economic security of industrial enterprises.
PROSPECTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TRANSPORT SERVICE FOR TOURISTS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   О. М. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Aliev Kamil , Pohasii Serhii ,   О. М. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: February 2022

The article considers the role and place of transport services in tourism, indicates the close relationship between the development of such sectors of the economy as transport and tourism. Based on the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine over the past 20 years, an analysis was made of trends in the volume of tourism activities and the volume of passenger transportation by different modes of transport. It was found that in the period from 2000 to 2020. in terms of passenger transportation, all types of transport, except for aviation, are gradually losing their positions in the transport services market. The negative consequences of the COVID 19 pandemic for tourism and transport activities have been identified, and it has been proved that in the near future tourism will be crucial for the growth of passenger traffic in transport. However, the growth in traffic volumes by different modes of transport will not be the same and will be determined by the competitive advantages that each mode of transport can provide. The priority measures that need to be taken by each type of transport in Ukraine to attract the tourist flow and increase the volume of passenger traffic have been determined. Particular attention is paid to the feasibility of developing transport tours by rail and water transport. The necessity of creating a single tour operator for transport tours within the Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine is substantiated. The article separately considers the possibility of using vehicles for the needs of tourism, designed to move small groups of people on various modes of transport, as well as individual vehicles, including new ones, such as electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric scooters, mono wheels, and other. It has been determined that the integration of various modes of transport opens up unlimited prospects for the tourism sector. Various forms of such integration are considered. To achieve maximum efficiency of transport services in tourism, the coordinated work of two powerful sectors of the economy - tourism and transport - is required. This interaction is impossible without the participation of the state through the development of programs for the development of both industries.
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK OF PUBLIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE
Authors:   State Tax University, Ivanov Valentin , Lazebnyk Larysa ,   State Tax University
Published: February 2022

In the conditions of permanent crisis of the economic system of Ukraine it is very important to organize an integral market economy. Entrepreneurship is an important element of the market economy and entrepreneurship in public sphere is an element of civil participation in governing of economy in formed liberal democracy. Accordingly, the purpose of the article is to form the theory of economic self-organization of groups of different sizes, on the basis of joint ownership and settlement of subjective, differently directed interests in conditions of limited resources, information and institutional imperfection of the government structure. The main methods used are institutional analysis and economic hermeneutic. In general, we used structural and logical analysis, inductive generalization. While general Ukraine scientific thought is torn between a competitive market and planned industrialization, with explicit Marx sentiments, the authors propose as one way to solve the problem the concept of public entrepreneurship. This theory arose as a response to the "tragedy of commons" class of problems, where neither state regulation nor private property give a satisfactory results. These problems concerned mainly natural renewable resources or common pool resources and, potentially, the problem of sustained economy in general. However, the authors, in the article, suggest that along with solving the problems of self-restorative resources, the concept of public entrepreneurship can be perceived more widely in situations where neither the market nor the government don’t work satisfactory, regardless of the nature of the reasons themselves. That is, if the theory of public entrepreneurship was formed to a specific level of problems, as an alternative to the market and government regulation, in addition to its basic field, where it was presumed the satisfactory efficiency level of the state bureaucracy and the formed market, the theory can be expanded to the situation of non-operation of the state apparatus due to corruption and the lack of a competitive market due to the weakness of the rule of law. Researching of mechanisms for entrepreneurship development in the public sphere, in the interests of society, with purpose to create public value, will allow to formulate conceptual prerequisites for mobilizing the entrepreneurial and organizational potential of Ukrainian society.
ORGANIZATION OF COMPLIANCE CONTROL IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TAX RISKS TO ENSURE THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   State Biotechnological University, Bakaliar Dmytro
Published: February 2022

In crisis situations and globalization of economic processes, the largest organizations, in order to effectively manage and solve problems, implement more sophisticated control models that combine internal control and risk management subsystem - compliance control, which develops procedures and relevant paperwork governing such complex management and control processes. The article considers issues related to the definition of compliance control, its role in the subsystem of tax risk management and analysis of tax costs, goals and objectives in the enterprise management system, as well as ensuring economic security. The classification of principles of compliance control is offered, which includes: special status, efficiency of interpretation, data integration, unification, informativeness, efficiency. It is determined that compliance control should be understood as a set of different types of control, logically embedded in the business processes of the economic entity with the definition of responsible employees, computerization, regulatory and organizational and analytical documentation formed to regulate the activities of employees. their compliance with external and internal requirements of regulations. The solution to the problem of forming the competencies of the compliance controller is currently archival, because from the standpoint of the risks of the economic entity increases the personal risks of the specialist responsible for their monitoring and management. Characteristic features inherent in internal control and compliance control are identified. The author proposed the concept of building a model of compliance control in the organization, which is based on a single accounting and tax information system that allows you to consider business processes in all aspects and minimize tax risks, which is a key aspect of modern business management.