bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acumen Message Drop Scheme (AMD) in Opportunistic Networks
Authors: Lenando Halikul , Kurd Ali Aref Hassan , Alrfaay Mohamad
Published: August 2020

Background:

In traditional networks, nodes drop messages to free up enough space
for buffer optimization. However, keeping messages alive until they reach their destination is
crucial in Opportunistic Networks. Therefore, this paper proposes an Acumen Message Drop
scheme (AMD) that considers the impact of the message drop decision on data dissemination performance.

Methods:

To achieve this goal, AMD drops the message based on the following considerations:
the estimated time of the arrival of the message to its destination, message time to live, message
transmission time, and the waiting time of the message in the queue. AMD scheme works as a
plug-in in any routing protocol.

Results:

Performance evaluation shows that the integration of the proposed scheme with the
PRoPHET routing protocol may increase efficiency by up to 80%, while if integrated with an Epidemic
routing protocol, efficiency increases by up to 35%. Moreover, the proposed system significantly
increases performance in the case of networks with limited resources.

Conclusion:

To the best of our knowledge, most of the previous works did not address the issue of
formulating the message drop decision in the non-social stateless opportunistic networks without
affecting performance.
Molecular Transformations in DNA under the Influence of UV-radiation
Authors: Barkhudaryan Vigen G. , Ananyan Gayane V. , Karapetyan Nelli H.
Published: August 2020

Background:

The processes of destruction and crosslinking of macromolecules occur simultaneously
under the influence of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in synthetic polymers, dry DNA and
their concentrated solutions.

Objective:

The effect of UV radiation on calf thymus DNA in dilute solutions subjected to UV- irradiation
was studied in this work.

Methods:

The calf thymus DNA was studied in dilute solutions using viscometry, absorption spectroscopy
and electrophoresis.

Results:

It was shown that at a low concentration of DNA in the buffer solution ([DNA] = 85 μg /
ml) under the influence of UV radiation, the processes of destruction of macromolecules and an increase
in their flexibility predominate, which are accompanied by a gradual decrease in the viscosity
of their solution. In addition, due to the low concentration of the solution, intramolecular crosslinking
of macromolecules predominates, which also reduces their size and, consequently, the viscosity
of the solution.

Conclusion:

It was concluded that in dilute DNA solutions, due to the predominance of the processes
of intramolecular crosslinking of macromolecules over intermolecular, only constant processes
of decreasing the sizes of DNA macromolecules occur. As a result, their solubility remains
virtually unchanged during UV irradiation. The described explanations are also confirmed by the results
of absorption spectroscopy and electrophoresis.
Bridging Disciplines and Setting up Diverse Teams
Authors: Marcellino Patricia Ann
Published: August 2020

A qualitative action research study was conducted to explore whether an educational learning pattern inventory had application to teams in the MBA and educational leadership programs at a private university. Four courses were conducted by the same instructor. Fourteen teams were formed utilizing the inventory with 61 participants. Results illustrated that the inventory had value in both the business and education classroom in constructing diverse teams based on learning pattern theory. The inventory helped expedite the assignment of team roles and responsibilities and hastened team identity. Shared leadership emerged on the 14 teams in the study.
Покрытие наноструктурированной профилированной поверхности Si слоем SiC
Authors: Гращенко А.С. , Кукушкин С.А. , Осипов А.В.
Published: August 2020

The method has been developed for coating of a profiled Si surface with a SiC lay-er, which completely preserves its original morphology of the Si surface. The SiC synthesis conditions are determined under which the initial Si surface profile is transformed into a profile coated with a SiC layer without geometric distortions. It has been experimentally proved that the critical synthesis temperature at which this coating is formed is a temperature equal to 1050ºC.
Подъем пылевых частиц при воздействии лазерного излучения на хондритовую мишень и возможность моделирования плазменно-пылевых процессов у поверхности Луны
Authors: Бурдонский И.Н. , Леонов А.Г. , Юфа В.Н. , Голубь А.П. , Попель С.И. , Садовский А.М.
Published: August 2020

The results of the first study on experimental modeling of the rise of dust particles by a shock wave above a target surface, performed on the Saturn installation, are presented. The interaction of laser radiation with a porous chondritic target, the surface of which contains fine particles of talc, is investigated. The results of experimental modeling can be used to describe the rise of dust particles from zones of nonlinear and linear elastic deformations of the regolith material, which characterize the impact of the meteoroid on the surface of the Moon.
Вязкость газов в наноканалах
Authors: Рудяк В.Я. , Лежнев Е.В.
Published: August 2020

The viscosity of rarefied gas in nanochannels under normal conditions is studied. The viscosity coefficient is calculated by means of the Green-Kubo formula using the stochastic molecular method. The interaction of gas molecules with the wall is described by mirror, diffuse or mirror-diffuse laws. The gas temperature and channel height vary. It has been shown that the viscosity in the nanochannel is substantially non-isotropic. Along the channel, the viscosity almost always coincides with its corresponding value in volume. By varying the accommodation coefficient, the total viscosity of the gas can be either reduced or increased by several times.
Tipificación molecular de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis en lecherías de Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Correa-Valencia Nathalia , Moyano Roberto Damián , Romano María Isabel , Fernández-Silva Jorge Arturo
Published: August 2020

Objetivo. Determinar la diversidad molecular de Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) en muestras ambientales de hatos lecheros colombianos. Materiales y métodos. Las muestras ambientales de 25 hatos lecheros positivos a MAP por IS900-qPCR se cultivaron por duplicado en medio de yema de huevo de Herrold con micobactina J para obtener aislamientos. Las colonias sospechosas fueron confirmadas para MAP por IS900-qPCR. El ADN positivo se subtipó utilizando técnicas de unidades micobacterialess repetitivas intercaladas - número variable de repeticiones en tándem (MIRU-VNTR) y técnicas de repeticiones de multilocus de secuencia corta (MLSSR) para analizar las diferencias genéticas entre los aislamientos. Resultados. El subtipado reveló dos genotipos diferentes por MIRU-VNTR (INMV 2 e INMV 36). La técnica de MLSSR se realizó para aumentar el poder discriminatorio de lo obtenido por MIRU-VNTR, pero no se observaron diferencias entre los aislamientos recuperados. Conclusiones. El presente estudio representa un enfoque importante para el conocimiento del estatus epidemiológico de MAP en la población de estudio.
How Health Care Organizations Approach Social Media Measurement: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ukoha Chukwuma
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Many health care organizations use social media to support a variety of activities. To ensure continuous improvement in social media performance, health care organizations must measure their social media.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to explore how health care organizations approach social media measurement and to elucidate the tools they employ.

METHODS

In this exploratory qualitative research, Australian health care organizations that use social media, varying in size and locality, were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews, and the transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

RESULTS

The study identified health care organizations’ approaches to social media measurement. While some measured their social media frequently, others used infrequent measurements, and a few did not measure theirs at all. Those that measured their social media used one or a combination of the following yardsticks: personal benchmarking, peer benchmarking, and metric benchmarking. The metrics tracked included one or more of the following: reach, engagement, and conversion rates. The tools employed to measure social media were either inbuilt or add-on analytics tools. Although many participants showed great interest in measuring their social media, they still had some unanswered questions.

CONCLUSIONS

The lack of a consensus approach to measurement suggests that, unlike other industries, social media measurement in health care settings is at a nascent stage. There is a need to improve knowledge, sophistication, and integration of social media strategy through the application of theoretical and analytical knowledge to help resolve the current challenge of effective social media measurement. This study calls for social media training in health care organizations. Such training must focus on how to use relevant tools and how to measure their use effectively.
The Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and routine hematological parameters of COVID-19 Patient: A perspective of the Indian scenario from a frontline pilot study of 32 COVID-19 cases in a Tertiary Care Institute of North India. (Preprint)
Authors: Tiwari Neema , Nath Devajit , Madan Jyotsna , Singh Savitri , Bajpai Prashant , Madan Ujjwal
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

The corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19) is caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 and is declared as a global pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO). Various hematological parameters alteration has been documented in the Chinese literature in SARS-Cov-2 infection. However, there is a need for research to evaluate the pattern of the hematological parameters of COVID-19 patients in the Indian population.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the study is to see the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and other hematological parameters alteration of COVID-19 patients along with their clinical course in the Indian scenario.

METHODS

A single-center prospective study of 32 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Super Speciality Pediatric Hospital & Post Graduate Teaching Institute NOIDA, from March to April, were enrolled for the study. The demographic date, the clinical status of the patients during admission and follow up, baseline, and follow up hematological findings were recorded. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out, and relevant findings were presented.

RESULTS

Demographic characterization shows a mean age of 37.7 years, male (41.9%),female (58.1%)with majority patients are mildly symptomatic to asymptomatic(93%). The CBC values and NLR, PLR at baseline between the male and the female patients, are not showing any statistically significant difference as the 95% C.I. A statistically significant increment in the lab parameters is observed in follow-up visits.

CONCLUSIONS

Majority of the patients are younger and have mild clinical presentation with female predominance. Pediatric cases have mild symptomology. Baseline CBC findings show mild neutrophilia, lymphopenia, eosinopenia and normal to mild thrombocytopenia. An increase in CBC parameters, NLR was noted in follow up cases. Anemia was not noted in baseline CBC andin follow up group. A onetime PLR is not indicative of disease progression.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Online Search Trends Influencing Anticoagulation in Patients With COVID-19: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Worrall Amy P , Kelly Claire , O'Neill Aine , O'Doherty Murray , Kelleher Eoin , Cushen Anne Marie , McNally Cora , McConkey Samuel , Glavey Siobhan , Lavin Michelle , de Barra Eoghan
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND

Early evidence of COVID-19–associated coagulopathy disseminated rapidly online during the first months of 2020, followed by clinical debate about how best to manage thrombotic risks in these patients. The rapid online spread of case reports was followed by online interim guidelines, discussions, and worldwide online searches for further information. The impact of global online search trends and online discussion on local approaches to coagulopathy in patients with COVID-19 has not been studied.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between online search trends using Google Trends and the rate of appropriate venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and anticoagulation therapy in a cohort of patients with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary hospital in Ireland.

METHODS

A retrospective audit of anticoagulation therapy and VTE prophylaxis among patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to a tertiary hospital was conducted between February 29 and May 31, 2020. Worldwide Google search trends of the term “COVID-19” and anticoagulation synonyms during this time period were determined and correlated against one another using a Spearman correlation. A P value of <.05 was considered significant, and analysis was completed using Prism, version 8 (GraphPad).

RESULTS

A statistically significant Spearman correlation (P<.001, r=0.71) was found between the two data sets, showing an increase in VTE prophylaxis in patients with COVID-19 with increasing online searches worldwide. This represents a proxy for online searches and discussion, dissemination of information, and Google search trends relating to COVID-19 and clotting risk, in particular, which correlated with an increasing trend of providing thromboprophylaxis and anticoagulation therapy to patients with COVID-19 in our tertiary center.

CONCLUSIONS

We described a correlation of local change in clinical practice with worldwide online dialogue and digital search trends that influenced individual clinicians, prior to the publication of formal guidelines or a local quality-improvement intervention.
Comparison of referral methods into a smoking cessation program
Authors: Davis James M , Thomas Leah C , Dirkes Jillian EH , Datta Santanu K , Dennis Paul A
Published: August 2020

Rational, aims & objectives:
The goal of this observational study was to compare three referral methods and determine which led to the highest utilization of the Duke Smoking Cessation Program (DSCP).
Materials & methods:
We conducted two assessments within the Duke health system: a 12-month assessment of Traditional Referral (a provider refers a patient during a patient visit) and Best Practice Advisory (BPA) (a provider refers a patient after responding to an alert within the electronic health record); and a 30-day assessment of Population Outreach (a list of smokers is generated through the electronic health record and patients are contacted directly).
Results:
Over the 12-month assessment, a total of 13,586 smokers were seen throughout health system clinics receiving services from the DSCP. During this period, the service utilization rate was significantly higher for Traditional Referral (3.8%) than for BPA (0.6%); p < 0.005. The 30-day pilot assessment of showed a service utilization rate for Population Outreach of 6.3%, significantly higher than Traditional Referral (3.8%); p < 0.005 and BPA (0.6%; p < 0.005).
Conclusion:
Population Outreach appears to be an effective referral method for increasing utilization of the DSCP.
Características comunes de las chaperonas pequeñas y diméricas
Authors: Nava Ramírez Teresa , Hansberg Wilhelm
Published: August 2020

Las chaperonas moleculares constituyen un mecanismo importante para evitar la muerte celular provocada por la agregación de proteínas. Las chaperonas independientes del ATP son un grupo de proteínas de bajo peso molecular que pueden proteger y ayudar a alcanzar la estructura nativa de las proteínas desplegadas o mal plegadas sin necesidad de un gasto energético. Hemos encontrado que el dominio C-terminal de las catalasas de subunidad grande tiene actividad de chaperona. Por ello, en esta revisión analizamos las características más comunes de las chaperonas pequeñas y más estudiadas como: αB-cristalina, Hsp20, Spy, Hsp33 y Hsp31. En particular, se examina la participación de los aminoácidos hidrofóbicos y de los aminoácidos con carga en el reconocimiento de las proteínas sustrato, así como el papel que tiene la forma dimérica y su oligomerización en la actividad de chaperona. En cada una de esas chaperonas revisaremos la estructura de la proteína, su función, localización celular e importancia para la célula.
Regionalisme dan Kompleksitas Laut China Selatan
Authors: Maksum Ali
Published: August 2020

Abstrak Hubungan antara regionalisme dan kompleksitas Laut China Selatan (LCS) jelas penting untuk diteliti lebih lanjut. Hal ini karena dampak dari sengketa LCS jelas berpengaruh terhadap stabilitas politik dan keamanan di Asia Tenggara. Tujuan utama artikel ini adalah untuk memahami konflik, latar belakang dan dampak dari sengketa LCS di negara-negara kawasan tersebut. Artikel ini dibagi menjadi enam bagian yaitu regionalisme dan LCS, sejarah konflik LCS, profil negara pengklaim, regionalisme dan solusi perdamaian, LCS dan keamanan regional dan kesimpulan. Penelitian ini juga dilengkapi dengan beberapa visualisasi untuk mengajak pembaca dalam sebuah imajinasi mendalam tentang LCS. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa regionalisme Asia Tenggara menghadapi tantangan serius di tengah ancaman China yang berhasil mengambil keuntungan dari lemahnya multilateral ASEAN terkait masalah tersebut.Kata kunci: keamanan, konflik, Laut China Selatan, regionalisme,Abstract The relationship between regionalism and the complexity of the South China Sea (SCS) issues is obviously critical to be examined. This is because the impact of the SCS disputes are clearly influence to the political and security stability in Southeast Asia. The primary objective of this article is to understand the conflicts, background and impact of the SCS disputes on the regional member states. This article is divided into six sections namely regionalism and the SCS, history of SCS conflicts, profile of claimant states, regionalism and peace solutions, SCS and regional security and conclusion. This study is also supplemented by some visualizations to engage the readers in deep imagination on the SCS. The author concludes that Southeast Asian regionalism was facing serious challenges vis-à-vis China which successfully took benefit from the ASEAN's weak multilateral approach on this issue.Keywords: conflict, security, South China Sea, regionalism
Strategi Kebijakan Peningkatan Daya Saing Rumput Laut Indonesia di Pasar Global
Authors: Khaldun Riady Ibnu
Published: August 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi Pemerintah Indonesia dalam upaya meningkatkan daya saing produk rumput laut di pasar global. Jarak waktu yang digunakan dalam memberikan batasan waktu adalah 2009 hingga 2014. Pemerintah Indonesia menyadari besarnya potensi komoditas rumput laut sehingga perlu dimaksimalkan. Optimalisasi potensi tersebut dilakukan oleh pemerintah melalui skema kebijakan revitalisasi, industrialisasi, dan penerapan standarisasi rumput laut. Implementasi kebijakan yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah tersebut tidak dapat dioptimalisasikan karena timbulnya tantangan berupa perbedaan kepentingan dengan para pelaku usaha. Tantangan tersebut diantisipasi oleh pemerintah melalui strategi sinergitas kerjasama dengan aktor lain yang memiliki kepentingan berdasarkan Teori Developmental State, Konsep The Role of Government mendeskripsikan bahwa strategi yang diterapkan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dalam upaya peningkatan daya saing produk rumput laut di pasar global dilakukan dengan mengeluarkan kebijakan yang memberikan kesempatan kepada peran aktor lainnya untuk berpartisipasi aktif dalam mengoptimalisasikan implementasi kebijakan.Kata Kunci: Daya Saing, Industrialisasi, Revitalisasi, Standarisasi, Strategi Kebijakan AbstractThis research aims to analyze the strategic policy of Indonesian Government towards increasing the competitiveness effort on seaweed products in global markets. The periods of this research started from 2009 to 2014 as the time intervals. Indonesian Government realized that seaweed commodities had great potentials that should be maximized. Revitalization, Industrialization, and Standardization are the policies that Indonesian Government established to optimize the seaweed potentials. The implementation of policies that applied by the government cannot be optimized because the existing of interest differentiation between government and private actor as a challenge. These challenges anticipated by the government through synergistic strategy with another actors who have an interest in seaweed commodities based on Theory Developmental State, The Role of Government concepts described the strategy that adopted by the Indonesian Government in an effort to increase the competitiveness of seaweed products in the global market is by issuing a policy that gives opportunity for the role of other actors to participate actively in optimizing the policy implementations.Keywords: Competitiveness, Industrialization, Revitalization, Standardization, Strategic Policy
Kepentingan Pemerintah Pusat Dalam Pembangunan Infrastruktur Perbatasan Kalimantan Indonesia-Malaysia Era Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Tahun 2009-2014
Authors: - Saiman
Published: August 2020

AbstrakKetertinggalan pembangunan di Kalimantan merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya permasalahan perbatasan Kalimantan Indonesia-Malaysia. Berdasarkan  Undang-Undang tentang Wilayah Negara, negara bertanggung jawab dalam pembangunan perbatasan guna pencapaian masyarakat perbatasan yang sejahtera dan aman. Tulisan ini mengkaji kepentingan pemerintah pusat pada prioritas kebijakan dan kepentingan, peran dan power interplay antar lembaga  serta nasionalisme. Berdasarkan metode kualitiatif dengan studi kasus, bahwa peran Pemerintah (BNPP) hanya sebagai lembaga koordinatif, terjadi ego sektoral antar lembaga. Kekuasaan pemerintah pusat sangat dominan, prioritas kebijakan dan kepentingan pemerintah meliputi faktor politik, keamanan dan strategis geografi, sehingga terjadi perubahan orientasi nasionalisme masyarakat perbatasan.Kata Kunci: kepentingan nasional, pemerintah pusat; pembangunan infrastruktur; perbatasan.AbstractUnderdevelopment in Borneo was one of cause Indonesia-Malaysia border problems. According State Territorial Policy, state was to responsibility in border development for receive border komunities which prosperous and secure. This paper to test central and local government relatios desentralisation era at policy priority and interests, role and power interplay of institutions, and nasionalism. According qualitative method and case studi, that government role as the coordinating institution, sectoral ego bithwin other institutions. Central government power very dominant and priority in policy and intersts central government, include  politics factor, security and geografi strategic, so that happen orientation changes communities nationalism. Keywords: borderland, central government, infrastructure development, national interests.
Lee Myung Bak’s Choice on Sunshine Policy: South Korean National Interests and North Korean Threat
Authors: Mulyaman Darynaufal
Published: August 2020

Sunshine Policy that had been implemented by South Korean Government on Kim Dae-Jung and Roh Moo-Hyeon’s administration from 1998-2008. This policy started to do cooperative behavior for treating North Korea as a partner, not contrarily, yet the Sunshine Policy was considered as a failure by Lee Myung-Bak’s administration, thereupon stopped offhandedly despite recent cultural and cooperative diplomacy that had been done by his successor President Moon Jae-In. Then Why the South Korean government at the time of President Lee Myung-Bak stopped the Sunshine Policy offhand? In the scheme of National Interest idea, North Korea still a predominant threat that very paramount for South Korean national interest, even an accommodative and cooperative policy like Sunshine Policy could not emphasize South Korean national interests. This paper also tries to analyze the issue with explaining foreign policy decision making factors, such as the domestic and external factor, decision environment, and psychology factor of President Lee Myung-Bak at that time.
Masa Depan Faksionalisme Politik Golkar Pasca Orde Baru
Authors: Nurjaman Asep
Published: August 2020

Since its inception, Golkar is a party that is carried by various functional groups with the aim of building political power to challenge the PKI. Since the reform era, Golkar has been abandoned by many of its support groups that have formed factionalism. The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of factionalism in the internal of Golkar in the post-New Order. The research method used is qualitative descriptive. The data used are secondary data derived from journals, books, and internet. The results show that: Golkar post-New Order experienced many changes in term of factionalism; factionalism that occurred during the New Order period stemmed from functional groups, while after the reforms became a factionalism based on personalism.
Praktik Politik Oligarki dan Mobilisasi Sumber Daya Kekuasaan Di Pilkades Desa Sitimerto Pada Tahun 2016
Authors: Hidayat Endik
Published: August 2020

The emergence of a debate about the village head elections, is it a form of democracy or not democracy? Because it is controlled by a handful of oligarchs, it has long occurred among village experts. Therefore, this article aims to find out the development of the democratic model and the source of oligarchic power in Sitimerto village, Kediri regency in the Pilkades 2016. This article uses a qualitative approach and takes a case study on the selection of Sitimerto village heads, Pagu District, Kediri District, East Java Province. The case was interesting because the Sitimerto Pilkades allegedly represented a village with Javanese cultural characters and the oligarchs were quite strong. The results of the study prove that material resources are still dominant in the political dynamics of Sitimerto village. Money politics is a material resource that functions to influence village voters with diverse meanings. However, oligarchs must also become as elites to be able to exploit non-material resources to better guarantee victory in the election of the Sitimerto village head. In this study, non-material resources are identical with Javanese sources of power which are spiritual powers or called kesakten.
Influence of coastal upwelling on micro-phytoplankton variability at Valparaíso Bay (~33ºS), Central Chile
Authors: Aparicio-Rizzo Pilar , Masotti Italo , Landaeta Mauricio F.
Published: August 2020

In this work 10 years of data (1986-1996) from a fixed station located in the northern part of Valparaíso Bay (33º00’S; 71º35’W) were analysed to study the influence of coastal upwelling activity on the temporal variation of micro-phytoplankton (20-200 μm) and their relationship with oceanographic conditions. The upwelling activity at the bay was associated to semi-annual wind regime with an intensification of upwelling-favourable S-SW winds from September to March followed by a decrease and the occurrence of downwelling events from April to August. Oceanographic conditions showed the ascent of cold, nutrient-rich salty water in spring (September-November). However, during summertime under highest upwelling index, thermal stratification conditions were registered. This stratification might be associated to either the solar radiation or the presence of an upwelling shadow area in the bay. The upwelling period had the highest micro-phytoplankton abundance mainly dominated by diatoms. This period was associated with an increase in biomass and richness in the bay. Meanwhile during non-upwelling period —under homogenous conditions of temperature, salinity and nutrients— an increase in diversity (but low abundance and richness) associated to dinoflagellates and silicoflagellates was noted. Therefore, the results suggest the presence of a bi-modal regime of micro-phytoplankton in the bay in response to changes in oceanographic conditions related to local wind forcing and mixing/stratification.
Temporal and vertical variability of bacterioplankton composition in Chipana bay (21º20’S) in a coastal upwelling system of northern Chile: A fluorescence in situ hybridization approach
Authors: Medina-Armijo Cristy , Moraga-Mamani Rubén , Santander-Pulgar Edgardo
Published: August 2020

The bacterioplankton in the upwelling systems associated with oceanographic condition of the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) of the Eastern tropical South Pacific was studied through visualization and enumeration with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Six different taxonomic groups were studied (Alpha, Beta, Gamma-proteobacteria, Cytophaga-flavobacterium and the domains Archaea and Bacteria). The analysis showed a greater predominance of the Bacteria domain (20 to 68% of hybridized cells) over Archaea (2 to 18% of hybridized cells). The specific groups showed that Cytophaga-flavobacterium, Alpha-proteobacteria and Gamma-proteobacteria are more abundant in the surface layer. Gamma-proteobacteria is also most abundant in the deep oxycline and, Beta-proteobacteria is the group with the lowest registered abundances. Changes in the vertical distribution of the bacterial community in the water column between OMZ and on oxycline were observed through NMDS. This change is a product of a shift in the abundances of the specific groups Cytophaga-flavobacterium and Gamma-proteobacteria in the surface layers, due to low concentration of chlorophyll-a caused by periods of relaxation in the upwelling.
Evaluación de la respuesta productiva e inmune en juveniles de camarón Litopenaeus vannamei alimentado con mezclas probióticas
Authors: Campa-Córdova Angel I. , Cristóbal Yenni-Morales , Guzmán-Murillo María A. , Aguirre-Guzman Gabriel
Published: August 2020

Shrimp diets with mixtures of probiotics (bacilli or yeasts) were evaluated on the production response and immunological effect on juvenile shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The results showed a significant effect in growth, food consumption and feed conversion rate when probiotic diet was used. In addition, experimental diets with yeast mixture [C. insectorum (DH5), D. hansenii (DH6, and L1)] had a significantly higher amount of circulating haemocytes than those with bacilli [B. tequilensis (YC5-2), B. endophyticus (YC3-b) and B. endophyticus (C2-2)]. Shrimp fed both experimental diets (3x107 CFU mL-1) had a significantly higher growth and immune parameters when compared with the commercial diet. Both elements can contribute to the sustainable development and health of shrimp farming.
Effect of Ascophyllum nodosum extracts on the growth, yield and antioxidant capacity of Haematococcus pluvialis carotenoids
Authors: Guajardo-Barbosa Claudio , Galán-Wong Luis Jesús , Beltrán-Rocha Julio César , Quintero-Zapata Isela , Gandarilla-Pacheco Fátima Lizeth , Pereyra-Alferéz Benito , Santos Myriam-Elías , Luna-Olvera Hugo Alberto
Published: August 2020

Recent research has shown that the use of biological extracts, which contain a wide variety of nutrients and phytohormones are potentially useful in the production of plants of agricultural importance. Seaweed extracts are particularly rich in minerals and micronutrients necessary for the growth of microalgae. The effect of three commercial extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum as plant growth inducers (Stimplex®, Acadian Soils® and Liquid Seaweed Concentrate®), provided by Acadian Sea Plants Ltd., were evaluated in relation to the growth and production of biomass and carotenoids in Haematococcus pluvialis. The results were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc analysis utilizing Tukey's test with a significance level of 95% (α= 0.05). The reference medium used was the Bold basal medium, to which 250 ppm of each extract was added. The Stimplex® extract had an increase of 22.79% in cell density and 17% in dry matter, higher than the control culture. The content of carotenoids and antioxidant capacity, respectively, with Stimplex® was 30.05% and 141.76% higher than the control culture.
ABORDAGEM TEMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: UM OLHAR PARA AS DIFERENTES MODALIDADES NAS AULAS DE CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA
Authors: Klein Sabrina Gabriela , Santos Sául Tamine , Gonçalves Marques Sabrina , Mazocco Paniz Catiane , Muenchen Cristiane
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar como a Abordagem Temática (AT) vem sendo trabalhada nas práticas de sala de aula na área das Ciências da Natureza (Biologia, Física e Química) na Educação Básica, com um olhar para as modalidades utilizadas no seu desenvolvimento. Para isso, investigou-se 48 trabalhos de eventos da área (EREBIO, SNEF e EDEQ) que possuíam o termo “Abordagem Temática”. A análise ocorreu por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) e resultou em duas categorias: 1. Abordagem Temática e seus diferentes vieses e 2. Outros olhares para Abordagem Temática.  Os resultados demonstram na categoria 1, um número mais expressivo de práticas classificadas somente como AT e também como Abordagem Temática Freireana (ATF) em relação às práticas voltadas à Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS) e articulação ATF/CTS.  Também apontam para outras perspectivas que têm surgido, na categoria 2, como Projetos Temáticos (PT), Situação de Estudo (SE), Módulos Didáticos (MD) e Sequência Didática (SD).
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES EM DIÁLOGO COM PESQUISAS E PRÁTICAS DOCENTES
Authors: Ayres Ana Cléa Moreira
Published: August 2020

Os processos de formação de professores se instalam no Brasil nos meados do século XIX, exclusivamente voltados para o chamado ensino primário.  Somente na década de 1930 o país passou, ainda que de forma tímida, a formar professores em nível superior para o ensino secundário, que corresponde, atualmente, ao segundo segmento do ensino fundamental e ao ensino médio. Esta formação para o magistério em nível superior, em cursos de licenciatura, avançou lentamente, sem dar conta de formar professores em número suficiente para atender a expansão da escolarização em um país que se urbanizava e modernizada.  A expansão dos cursos de licenciatura só ganha maior impulso após a Lei No 5.692/1971, que reestrutura a educação básica, tornando obrigatória a escolarização de 8 anos, naquilo que passou a ser denominado ensino de 1º grau (atual ensino fundamental, excluindo-se o 1º ano destinado à alfabetização). Esta ampliação da escolarização obrigatória se dá articulada à expansão da formação de professores, embora aligeirada, na forma de licenciaturas curtas, que se somaram de forma bastante expressiva, aos cursos plenos pré-existentes. Com a redemocratização do país, após os 20 anos de regime militar, e posteriormente, com a promulgação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBEN), Lei No 9.394/1996, as licenciaturas curtas deixam de existir e a discussão sobre formação de professores se intensifica, passando a ser incluída no debate sobre a ampliação do acesso e da permanência na escola de parcelas cada vez maiores da população brasileira, antes excluídas do sistema educacional e que passam a desafiar toda a estrutura escolar e, principalmente, seus professores. Se o mundo globalizado exige um novo trabalhador, a formação deste requer um novo professor.
Virtual Noon Conferences: Providing Resident Education and Wellness During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hahn Thomas W.
Published: August 2020

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically impacted graduate medical education. Family medicine residents are now doing substantial clinical work and learning from home. We continued to offer academic half-day didactics virtually, but sensed a need for daily resident education and social support, so we implemented a virtual daily noon conference to address these needs.
Methods: The virtual noon conferences used web-based technology and had weekly organ system themes with consistent daily learning activities like cases and review questions. Four key components made the conferences collaborative and inclusive; they were led by residents, required minimal preparation by using available materials, were interactive, and promoted social connection with wellness activities. We evaluated the impact on resident-perceived knowledge and wellness over 6 weeks with weekly surveys for residents attending at least one conference that week and a postintervention survey.
Results: Of 66 responses to the weekly surveys, 98% agreed that noon conferences helped to increase knowledge and social connection. Of 46 total residents, 35 (76%) answered the postintervention survey, and all agreed that noon conferences helped to increase knowledge, were interactive, and increased social connection. Ninety-one percent favored continuing the noon conferences. More than three-quarters of postintervention survey respondents agreed that virtual noon conferences were equally or more beneficial compared to academic half days for both their education and well-being during the pandemic.
Conclusions: Virtual noon conferences have provided regular interactive learning and fostered resident well-being during the pandemic. They can supplement resident curriculum and wellness and can be easily adopted by other programs.
Novel long non-coding RNA lnc-URIDS delays diabetic wound healing by targeting Plod1
Authors: Admin Ada , Hu Mengdie , Wu Yuxi , Yang Chuan , Wang Xiaoyi , Wang Wei , Zhou Liyan , Zeng Tingting , Zhou Jing , Wang Chuan , Lao Guojuan , Yan Li , Ren Meng
Published: August 2020

Impaired wound healing
is one of the main reasons that leads to diabetic foot ulcerations. However,
the exact mechanism of delayed wound healing in diabetes mellitus is not fully
understood. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely involved in a variety of
biological processes and diseases, including diabetes and its associated complications.
Here, we identified a novel lncRNA MRAK052872, named lnc-URIDS
(lncRNA UpRegulated in Diabetic Skin), which
regulates wound healing in diabetes mellitus. Lnc-URIDS was highly
expressed in diabetic skin and dermal fibroblasts treated with advanced
glycation end products (AGEs). Lnc-URIDS knockdown promoted migration of dermal
fibroblasts under AGEs treatment in vitro and accelerated diabetic wound
healing in vivo. Mechanistically, lnc-URIDS
interacts with procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 (Plod1), a
critical enzyme responsible for collagen cross-linking. The binding of lnc-URIDS
to Plod1 results in a decreased protein stability of Plod1, which ultimately
leads to the dysregulation of collagen production and deposition and delays
wound healing. Collectively, this study identifies a novel lncRNA that
regulates diabetic wound healing by targeting Plod1. The findings of the present study offer some
insight into the potential mechanism for the delayed wound healing in diabetes
and provide a potential therapeutic target for diabetic foot.
Effect of Study Duration and Outcome Measurement Frequency on Estimates of Change for Longitudinal Cohort Studies in Routinely-Collected Administrative Data
Authors: Feely Allison , Wall-Wieler Elizabeth , Roos Leslie L , Lix Lisa
Published: August 2020

Introduction: When designing prospective and retrospective longitudinal cohort studies, investigators must make decisions about study duration (i.e. length of follow-up) and frequency of outcome measurement. The impact of these decisions have been previously investigated in the prospective setting, but have not been described for retrospective cohort studies.

 

Objectives: To examine the impact and potential challenges of longitudinal design decisions in retrospective cohort studies and illustrate the effects of varying study duration and frequency of outcome measurement in the retrospective setting using a numeric example.

 

Methods: Linked administrative data from Manitoba was used. The cohort included all mothers who experienced the death of an infant between April 1, 1999 and March 31, 2012 and a matched (3:1) group of mothers who did not experience death. A generalized linear mixed model was used to model differences in the trend in the number of healthcare contacts for the two groups. Holding sample size constant, the model was fit to the data for combinations of duration and frequency. Estimated standard errors and regression coefficients were compared.

 

Results: A total of 2576 mothers were included; 644 experienced death of an infant and 1932 were matched to this group. Thirteen combinations of frequency (1, 2, 3, 4 periods/year) and duration (1, 2, 3, 4 years) were compared. As frequency increased from 1 to 4 periods/year, the standard error of the group-time-time interaction decreased up to 98.9%. As duration increased from 1 to 4 years, the standard error of the interaction decreased up to 96.9%. As frequency and duration increased, the coefficients trended toward zero.

 

Conclusions: Retrospective designs using administrative data offer greater flexibility to select time-related design elements than prospective designs, but present potential new challenges. Recommendations about how to select and report time-related design decisions in retrospective cohort studies should be included in reporting guidelines.
Effectiveness of Comprehensive Diabetes Care (CDC) in Diabetic Patients: an Observational Study
Authors: Sane Rohit , Mandole Rahul , Amin Gurudatta Anand , Ghadigaokar Pravin , Paranjape Sneha
Published: August 2020

Background: Globally, Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the commonest non-communicable disease to contribute to morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence is increasing dramatically in India and worldwide. Comprehensive Diabetes Care (CDC) is a form of Ayurvedic therapy which combines panchkarma and diet management. Aims and objectives: The present study was done to analyze the effectiveness of CDC on glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), body weight, abdominal girth and dependency on conventional therapy in DM Patients. Materials and methods: This observational study was conducted in July 2018, wherein the data of type 2 DM patients (HbA1c >6.5%) who attended out-patient departments (OPDs) at Madhavbaug clinics across India were identified. Data of patients who were administered CDC (60-75 minutes) with minimum 6 sittings over 12 weeks were considered. All the glycemic parameters were compared at baseline and week 12. Results: Out of 1718 type 2 diabetic patients, 893 were males (52%), while 825 were females (48%), thus male: female ratio was 1.08:1. CDC showed significant improvement in HbA1c 1.64% (from 8.64 ± 0.93 to 7.00 ± 1.73; p<0.001), BMI by 1.68 (from 27.35 ± 1.34 to 25.67 ± 1.06, p= 0.04), weight by 4.37 kg (from 70.71 ± 11.28 to 66.37 ± 12.27, p=0.05). Abdominal girth (from 95.48 ± 9.74 to 90.17 ± 11.93; p=0.01), also showed significant reduction. At the end of week 12 controlled DM status was seen in 1025 patients. Dependency on concomitant medicines was significantly reduced. Conclusion: Form the findings of present study, CDC has been found to be effective owing to its dual action i.e. reduction in HbA1c and dependency on conventional antidiabetic drugs.
Peningkatan Produksi Kedelai Hitam dan Efisiensi Penggunaan Air dengan Aplikasi Bio-Nano Ortho-Silicic-Acid pada Lahan Kering Masam di Lampung
Authors: Kalbuadi Donny N. , Santi Laksmita P. , Goenadi Didiek H. , Barus Junita , Dariah Ai
Published: August 2020

Lahan kering masam memiliki karakteristik kandungan bahan organik dan nilai pH yang rendah. Budidaya pada lahan tersebut tidak dapat maksimal karena terdapat beberapa masalah seperti toksisitas aluminium dan atau ketersediaan fosfor (P) pada tanah yang rendah, serta cekaman kekeringan. Makalah ini menyajikan hasil kegiatan riset mengenai pengaruh aplikasi Bio-Nano-Silika dalam bentuk asam ortosilik (OSA) pada lahan kering masam untuk meningkatkan hasil panen, mengurangi dosis pupuk kimia, dan meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan air (EPA) dari kedelai hitam yang tumbuh pada lahan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan di daerah Natar, Lampung Selatan, dari bulan April hingga Juli 2018,  menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan enam perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Bio-Nano OSA diaplikasikan sebanyak 4 L. ha-1, sedangkan pupuk tunggal N, P, dan K diberikan sebanyak 0, 50, 75, dan 100% dari tingkat yang direkomendasikan. Dosis pupuk NPK yang direkomendasikan adalah pupuk Urea 75 kg ha-1, SP36 100 kg ha-1, dan KCL 100 kg ha-1. Ukuran plot dari setiap perlakuan seluas 300 m2.  Sebagai pembanding digunakan plot kontrol (100% dosis pupuk NPK) dan plot praktek standar petani (100% dosis pupuk NPK + 2 ton ha-1 bahan organik). Bio-Nano OSA dipersiapkan dari pasir kuarsa dengan metode ekstraksi larutam asam-basa dan mengandung 5% H4SiO4 dengan ukuran partikel 18 nm yang dikombinasikan dengan mikroba pelarut silika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi Bio-Nano OSA pada 4 L ha-1 dengan 50-75% dosis pupuk NPK mampu meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan hara dan EPA serta produksi varietas kedelai hitam Detam-1 pada tanah Ultisol Natar.
Respon Serapan Hara Makro-Mikro dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Terhadap Pemupukan Nitrogen dan Praktik Olah Tanah Jangka Panjang
Authors: Agsari Debby , Utomo Muhajir , Hidayat Kuswanta F , Niswati Ainin
Published: August 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemupukan N dan sistem olah tanah jangka panjang tahun ke-29 terhadap serapan hara makro-mikro dan produksi tanaman jagung. Penelitian jangka panjang yang dimulai sejak 1987 ini dilakukan di Politeknik Negeri Lampung pada Oktober 2016 - Januari 2017. Percobaan faktorial disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah pemupukan N dengan dosis 0 (N0) dan 200 kg N ha-1(N2), sedangkan faktor kedua adalah sistem olah tanah yaitu olah tanah intensif (T2), olah tanah minimum (T1) dan tanpa olah tanah (T0). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan N2 meningkatkan serapan hara makro dan mikro lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa pemupukan N, sedangkan praktik olah tanah tidak berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan serapan hara, kecuali B. Interaksi N2 dan T1 menghasilkan produksi jagung dan serapan hara S lebih tinggi dibandingkan interaksi N2 dengan T2 (p<0,05), namun sama dengan interaksi N2 dan T0. Praktik olah tanah minimum jangka panjang menghasilkan efisiensi serapan nitrogen (ESN) lebih tinggi dibandingkan T0 dan T2 yaitu sebesar 16,28%. Sementara nilai Relative Agronomic Effectivenes (RAE) N2 dan perlakuan sistem olah tanah jangka panjang menghasilkan nilai RAE berturut-turut sebesar 3,50; 9,50 dan 19,5 kg  pipilan jagung per 1 kg pupuk N pada T2, T1 dan T0.
Produksi 23 Klon Singkong Di Desa Muara Putih, Kecamatan Natar, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Utomo Setyo Dwi , Fiska Anggista Mega , Ihsania Niluh Jinggan  , Akari Edy  , Kukuh Setiawan  , Sunyoto
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya hasil 23 klon ubi kayu yang dibandingkan dengan klon standar yaitu klon UJ5. Penelitian terdiri atas 2 percobaan yaitu Percobaan A dan B. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2017 hingga April 2018 di Desa Muara Putih, Natar, Lampung Selatan. Uji asam sianida dilakukan di Laboratorium Teknologi Hasil Pertanian Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Bandar Lampung. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas dua ulangan untuk percobaan A, dan tiga ulangan untuk percobaan B. Karakter kuantitatif dianalisis ragam dan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dan Dunnett taraf nyata 5%.  Hasil penelitian percobaan A menunjukkan Klon CMM 96-1-102, 19-Daniel, BL-1, Bayam Liwa 5, dan SL-36 memiliki jumlah ubi lebih banyak dari klon UJ5.  Klon CMM 96-1-102, UJ 6, Litbang UK 2, SL-36, Korem Gatam, dan UJ6 memiliki bobot ubi segar per tanaman yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan klon UJ5.  Klon Litbang UK 2, SL-106, UJ3, UJ6, dan CMM 96-1-102 memiliki indeks panen yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan klon UJ5.  Kadar pati tinggi yaitu klon CMM 25-27-23-10-25, CMM 96-1-102, Bayam Liwa 5, BL-1, dan SL-36. Sedangkan percobaan B menunjukkan klon UJ 5 memiliki jumlah ubi terbanyak diikuti dengan klon Nibung.  Klon MU 55, Gajah, Nibung, UJ 3, dan Korem Gatam memiliki bobot ubi segar per tanaman yang lebih tinggi dari klon UJ 5. Klon UJ 5 memiliki kadar pati tertinggi dan diikuti oleh klon Nibung dan Korem Gatam.