bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Assessment of Brain Functional Changes in the Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patient with Cognitive Impairment by Resting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Singh Tanoj Bahadur , Aisikaer Aikedan , He Che , Wu Yalin , Chen Hong , Ni Hongyan , Song Yijun , Yin Jianzhong
Published: August 2020

Objectives:

The objective of the study was to detect functional changes in the brain of cognitive impairment-temporal lobe epilepsy (CI-TLE) patient and to sort out the possible mechanism involved in CI in CI-TLE patients using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI).

Material and Methods:

Fifty-eight TLE cases were included, which was divided into 44 TLE patients without CI (cognitive not impairment [CNI]-TLE) and 14 TLE patients with CI (CI-TLE). The normal control (NC) group consisted of 40 participants. RS-fMRI data preprocessing was carried out in statistical parametric mapping (SPM) software. The data were realigned, coregistered, normalized, and finally smoothened and then were taken for amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) calculation in RS-fMRI data analysis toolkit (REST) software. For data analysis, voxel-wise two-sample t-test was carried out between TLE group and NC group; CI-TLE group and cognitive not impairment-TLE (CNI-TLE) group in SPM software, a cluster >10 voxels and P < 0.01 was considered to be significant.

Results:

Compared to NC, the TLE patients showed increased ALFF activation mostly in parahippocampal gyrus (PG), frontal lobe, midbrain, pons, insula, inferior temporal gyrus, and anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) while decreased ALFF value was seen in posterior cingulate gyrus, cuneus, cerebellum posterior lobe, inferior parietal lobule (IPL), and superior temporal gyrus. Compared to CNI-TLE, CI-TLE patients showed increased ALFF in middle temporal gyrus (MTG), cuneus, ACG, IPL, middle frontal gyrus (MFG), superior frontal gyrus (SFG), cerebellum posterior lobe, and decreased ALFF cluster in the corpus callosum and MFG.

Conclusion:

Between TLE and NC, we found increased ALFF activation in PG, frontal lobe, thalamus, insula, midbrain, and pons in TLE patient. Between CI and CNI TLE, area of executive control network and default model network, especially in MTG, ACG, IPL, MFG, and SFG, had increased ALFF value in CI-TLE patient. Activation of these areas should be because of the decompensation mechanism.
Diagnóstico e tratamento do plasmocitoma solitário ósseo em mandíbula / Diagnosis and treatment of solitary bone plasmacytoma in mandible
Authors: Santos Dayane Mendonça dos , Silva Claudia Rebecca Costa Cavalcante , Vieira Filho Ney Morgado , Santos Luiz Felipe Lins de Sousa , Felix Valtuir Barbosa
Published: August 2020

Introdução: O plasmocitoma solitário pertence a um conjunto de desordens de células plasmáticas. É representado por uma massa lítica que pode ser encontrada nos ossos, sendo classificado como plasmocitoma solitário ósseo. O seu diagnóstico precoce é fundamental de modo a prevenir a progressão da doença para mieloma múltiplo. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, de raça branca, com 81 anos, diagnosticada com plasmocitoma solitário ósseo em mandíbula à direita e tratada com radioterapia de 45Gy. Resultados: Dois anos após a conclusão do tratamento, a paciente continua em acompanhamento odontológico e hematológico, não demonstrando a evidência de transformação para mieloma múltiplo. Conclusão: Devido as características clínicas inespecíficas do plasmocitoma solitário ósseo, a correta utilização dos recursos atuais disponíveis para investigação da lesão possibilita um diagnóstico diferencial, assim como um acurado tratamento e uma proservação contínua da doença.Palavras Chave: Plasmócitos, Mandíbula, Mieloma múltiploABSTRACTIntroduction: Solitary plasmacytoma belongs to a set of plasma cell disorders. It is represented by a lytic mass that can be found in the bones, being classified as solitary bone plasmacytoma. Its precocious diagnosis is essential in order to prevent the progression of the disease for multiple myeloma. Case report: Female patient, Caucasian, 81 years old, diagnosed with solitary bone plasmacytoma in the right mandible and treated with 45Gy radiotherapy. Results: Two years after completion of treatment, the patient continues in dental and hematological follow-up, showing no evidence of transformation for multiple myeloma. Conclusion: Due the not specific clinical characteristics of solitary bone plasmacytoma, the correct use of available resources for investigation of injuries enables for a differential diagnosis, as well as an accurate treatment and a continuous disease preservation.Keywords: Plasma cells, Mandible, Multiple myeloma
Compaction of RNA Hairpins and Their Kissing Complexes in Native Electrospray Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Abi-Ghanem Joséphine , Rabin Clémence , Porrini Massimiliano , Rosu Frédéric , Gabelica Valerie
Published: August 2020

When electrosprayed from typical native MS solution conditions, RNA hairpins and kissing complexes acquire charge states at which they get significantly more compact in the gas phase than their initial structure in solution. Here we show the limits of using force field molecular dynamics to interpret the gas-phase structures of nucleic acid complexes in the gas phase, and we suggest that higher-level calculation levels should be used in the future.
Engineering Protein Dynamics of Ancestral Luciferase
Authors: Schenkmayerova Andrea , Pinto Gaspar , Toul Martin , Marek Martin , Hernychova Lenka , Planas-Iglesias Joan , Liskova Veronika , Pluskal Daniel , Vasina Michal , Emond Stephane , Doerr Mark , Chaloupková Radka , Bednar David , Prokop Zbynek , Hollfelder Florian , Bornscheuer Uwe T. , Damborsky Jiri
Published: August 2020

Insertion-deletion mutations are sources of major functional innovations in naturally evolved proteins, but directed evolution methods rely primarily on substitutions. Here, we report a powerful strategy for engineering backbone dynamics based on InDel mutagenesis of a stable and evolvable template, and its validation in application to a thermostable ancestor of haloalkane dehalogenase and Renilla luciferase. First, extensive multidisciplinary analysis linked the conformational flexibility of a loop-helix fragment to binding of the bulky substrate coelenterazine. The fragment’s key role in extant Renilla luciferase was confirmed by transplanting it into the ancestor. This increased its catalytic efficiency 7,000-fold, and fragment-containing mutants showed highly stable glow-type bioluminescence with 100-fold longer half-lives than the flash-type Renilla luciferase RLuc8, thereby addressing a limitation of a popular molecular probe. Thus, our three-step approach: (i) constructing a robust template, (ii) mapping functional regions by backbone mutagenesis, and (iii) transplantation of a dynamic feature, provides a potent strategy for discovering protein modifications with globally disruptive but functionally innovative effects.
Effective Regulation of Polycaprolactone Molecular Weight and Oligomers Content Using Tetraphenyltin Catalyst
Authors: Gong Caihong , Li Jinxia , Yi Chunwang , Qu Shuanglin
Published: August 2020

There is a lack of effective approaches that produce polycaprolactone materials (PCL) with a high molecular weight, narrow polymer dispersity index (PDI), and fewer formation of oligomers. The immigration of the remained oligomers predominantly causes poor PCL quality and induces odor release. This limits the extensive application of PCL materials. This study investigates the effects of different catalysts and loadings on the PCL performance along with the formation of oligomers in detail. The oligomers were successfully separated using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). This was followed by a quantitative and qualitative identification using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and low field nuclear magnetic (L-field NMR) analysis. The results show that tetraphenyltin is an effective catalyst to promote the reaction and produce high-performance PCL that possesses the highest Mn (65000), narrowest PDI (1.37), and the lowest content of oligomers (7.466 wt.%). Density functional theory (DFT) studies that were combined with characterizing key intermediates verified that an anhydride bond was formed close to the end hydroxyl group in the PCL chain because of the special catalytic mechanism. This unusual chemical structure successfully inhibited the chain from being broken by the “back-biting” behavior, which is helpful for lowering the content of oligomers. This study can provide a scalable synthetic approach to creating high-performance polymers.
Correlation of FEV1/FEV6 with BODE Index, CAT Score and DLCO in COPD Patients
Authors: Zechariah Jebakumar Arulanantham
Published: August 2020

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is associated with progressive airflow limitation. Spirometry is one of the most important non-invasive tests that help in diagnosing airway obstruction. A Post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7 according to GOLD guidelines is considered to be diagnostic of COPD, wherein FEV1 is the forced expiratory volume in the first second, and FVC is the forced vital capacity which requires complete emptying of lungs that may require longer expiratory time and a more significant expiratory effort. The value of FEV1/FEV6 ratio is similar to the FEV1/FVC rate in diagnosing obstruction. FEV1/FEV6 is one such spirometric measurement which reduces the effort of expiration and helps in detecting the airway obstruction at the end of the sixth second during forceful exhalation thus serving as a natural, cost-effective bedside investigation that can be used in every health care facility for prompt diagnosis and management of the disease. FEV1/FEV6 can also be used to assess the prognosis of patients with COPD. It can even independently predict the reduction of lung function, rate of death and risk of carcinoma. The vitalograph is a smooth handheld device which helps in early detection of COPD in a quick, simple and reproducible manner. It not only displays the FEV1, FEV6 ratio and FEV1 per cent predicted but also provided information regarding the severity of COPD classification and lung age estimation. It can be used as a tool to avoid over diagnosis of COPD, especially in elderly patients. It has the advantage of requiring minimal instruction for use by non-respiratory specialists as well. This work concludes that FEV1/FEV6 can be used as a simple, cost-effective bedside investigation to diagnose COPD as an alternative to the conventional spirometry to detect undiagnosed airway obstruction in individuals with a low expiratory effort, especially in poor resource settings.
Partha’s new techniques to counter corona virus – the usefulness of Camphor vapour and Mandl’s paint
Authors: Suchitra M R  , Parthasarathy S
Published: August 2020

The use of N95 masks is being recommended for the control of transmission of the dreaded corona virus. As this mask is relatively costly in the Indian set up, of masks has been suggested. One of the common methods of sterilization is keeping the mask dry for three days. As a different modification of the technique, we suggest (’s technique) that it can be kept in a box with camphor crystals. The smell of the camphor has soothing effects in the nose with actions. a simple drying can be done in a box with camphor which has got added beneficial effects. Application of iodine in the nose and the throat known to have effects. But the commonly present gargles are more watery to stay in the . Here we suggest a paint prepared as Mandl’s paint (an old preparation) which is more viscous to stay in the for a few hours to have a potent effect. The technique (’s technique) of application was by a throat swab with the paint followed touching the back of the two nostrils with cotton buds soaked in Mandl’s paint.
Possible preventive measures against the spread of COVID-19- A Review article
Authors: Jotheeswari P  , Yuvaraj M  , Balaji K  , Gunapriya Raghunath  , Kumaresan M
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 is a current sensational and dangerous threat that affects millions of people across the world. As the day progresses the rate of growth of COVID-19 drastically increases. No vaccine or specific antiviral drug are active against corona, therefore, preventing the exposure to the virus is the base of support against its spread across the world. Despite the implementation of preventive measures, the rate of virus-infected cases progressively increases which stimulates our thought process to raise a question, whether the preventive measures that we follow are effective against the spread of COVID-19 infection. Evidence from previous literature obtained from various online tools implies multiple preventive measures that should be followed and also illustrates their mechanism of action against the active spread of COVID-19 infection. According to the results from the evidence, we can identify the gold standard preventive measure among the described preventive measures. The precautionary measure encompasses both pharmaceutical interventions and non- pharmaceutical interventions among which non-pharmaceutical measures are superior in the prevention of the developing pandemic. Among the non-pharmaceutical interventions, social distancing is the paramount to other measures in the mitigation of the spread of viral infection.
HUKUM, PROFESI JURNALISTIK DAN ETIKA MEDIA MASSA
Authors: Choliq Abdul Dahlan
Published: August 2020

Dalam kajian hukum dan media massa, moral dan etika tersebut dikaitkan pada kewajiban para jurnalistik antara lain seperti; pelaksanaan kode etik jurnalistik dalam setiap aktivitas jurnalistiknya, tunduk pada institusi dan peraturan hukum untuk melaksanakan dengan etiket baiknya sebagaimana ketentuan-ketentuan di dalam hukum tersebut yang merupakan perangkat prinsip-prinsip dan aturan-aturan yang pada umumnya sudah diterima dan disetujui oleh masyarakat. Sehubungan dengan hal itu, prinsip etika bagi profesi jurnalistik memberikan dasar hukum bagi pengelolaan pemberitaan di media secara tertib dalam hubungan antar subyek hukum.Pada perkembangan di institusi media di Indonesia, aspek kepemilikan saham di media (kepemimpinan), ekonomi dan pemasaran media akan sangat menentukan ideologi yang diusung media, di mana ideologi tersbeut jika mengarah pada pendekatan ekonomi politik media akan memunculkan pelaku media yang kurang akrab dengan etika komunikasi. Etika komunikasi di sini ditempatkan hanya sebagai instrumen belaka dan menjadi kurang bermakna dalam menentukan isi program, kualitas program serta penghormatan pelaku media terhadap hak asasi manusia yang direpresentasikan pada individu sebagai sumber informasi. Pilihan ini menimbulkan etika komunikasi pada pelaku media dianggap sudah mengalami reduksi. Pelaku media sebagai profesi telah mengambil jalan pintas dengan mengacu asas manfaat lebih mengutamakan asas manfaat dalam peliputan dan pemberitaannya, yang sekaligus paradoks dengan etika profesi yang diembannya. Diperparah lagi ketiadaan penghormatan atas asas praduga tak bersalah atas nama demi kepentingan publik untuk memperoleh informasi, akan semakin menjadikan media massa dan pelaku media sebagai pribadi-pribadi yang dominan dalam merekonstruksi dan memanipulasi realitas sosial.Hingga di sini pilihan terhadap kecenderungan pemaknaan pendekatan ekonomi politik atau pendekatan etika, sebenarnya keduanya tidak memiliki implikasi hukum yang kentara, semuanya dikembalikan kepada masing-masing pribadi yang terlibat dalam aktivitas di institusi media massa.Kata Kunci : deontologi, reduksi, profesi, etika komunikasi danjurnalistik
REACTION OF SOCIETY IN PERSPECTIVE OF CRIMINOLOGY CONCEPTION FOR CRIME PREVENTION
Authors: Azhari Faisol
Published: August 2020

The prevention of crime is also explained by Criminology. So that Criminology is also include the study of the reaction of society against crime. It might be argued that this belongs, strictly speaking to the domain of sociology of the criminal law but it has to be admitted that the reaction of the state which is the subject matter of penology. They are both strongly by criminogenic forces and should therefore be studied by criminologist. Edwin H Sutherland and Cressey said that the prevention of crime or the reaction of society against crime include within criminology scope the processes of making laws of breaking laws and of reacting toward the breaking laws.The reraction of society against crime include to critize the punitifly of the social reaction and the treatment of raection of society against crime. The reaction of society against crime is also about social perseption about social order and development of perseption of society for social order is depent on development of society which consist of traditional society and modern society.Keyword : Concept of Crime prevention, Reaction of society against crime
URGENSI PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM INDONESIA BERDASARKAN NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA
Authors: Maryanto -
Published: August 2020

Imperialisme di era globalisasi adalah meningkatnya marginalisasi / hilangnya identitas sebuah bangsa termasuk bangsa Indonesia, dan digantikan oleh ideologi liberalisme. penyebab hukum dan sistem hukum kami terasa kering dari nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan keadilan sosial.Perasaan keadilan tidak dapat dihapus dari akar di mana hukum lahir, keadilan tidak dapat dipisahkan dari nilai-nilai/hukum agama dan hukum adat yang hidup dalam masyarakat, dan merupakan hal yang wajar bahkan sebuah "semangat zaman" terutama bagi bangsa Indonesia untuk mengakomodasi nilai-nilai itu ke dalam hukum nasional yang di cita-citakan.Kata Kunci : Liberalisme, Sekularisme, Keadilan, Pancasila.
BAHAYA PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA SERTA USAHA PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGGULANGANNYA (Suatu Tinjauan Teoritis)
Authors: Eleanora Fransiska Novita
Published: August 2020

Narkoba (narkotika, psikotropika dan bahan-bahan zat adiktif lainnya) dapat membahayakan kehidupan manusia, jika dikonsumsi dengan cara yang tidak tepat, bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Narkoba mempunyai dampak negatif yang sangat luas; baik secara fisik, psikis, ekonomi, sosial budaya hankam, dan lain sebagainya. Banyak cara digunakan agar pemakai narkoba dapat normal dan pulih kembali seperti biasanya.Sehingga kepada pemakai / pengedar dalam ketentuan hukum pidana nasional diberikan sanksi yang berat. Metode penelitian adalah studi kepustakaan, hasilnya adalah kasus penyalahgunaan narkoba mengalami peningkatan sangat tajam karena belum ada standarisasi sistem pencatatan dan pelaporan penyalahgunaan narkoba.Kata Kunci : Narkoba, Penyalahgunaan, Pencegahan, Penanggulangan
PERADILAN AGAMA SEBAGAI PERADILAN KELUARGA SERTA PERKEMBANGAN STUDI HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA
Authors: Khisni -
Published: August 2020

Pengadilan Agama sebagai pengadilan keluarga di samping sebagai â€œinstitusi hukumâ€ yang menegakkan kepastian hukum dan keadilan juga sebagai â€œinstitusi sosialâ€ yang dinamis, yaitu senantiasa menjalankan pertukaran dengan lingkungannya yang lebih besar, dalam upaya menggali, mengikuti dan memahami nilai-nilai hukum yang hidup dalam masyarakat, menginterpretasikan teks undang-undang dalam konteks masyarakat serta perubahan-perubahannya. Seperti terjadi pada kaum perempuan yang mendapatkan pendidikan serta pekerjaan di luar rumah, maka terjadi perubahan kedudukan mereka di bidang sosial, budaya, politik, ekonomi. Faktor ini merangsang tuntutan masyarakat untuk adanya perubahan hukum, termasuk hukum keluarga Islam yang berlaku. Hukum keluarga Islam kontemporer di negara-negara Islam dan di negara-negara yang mayoritas penduduknya Islam seperti Indonesia mengalami perkembangan. Dengan demikian terjadi pula perkembangan studi hukum Islam di Indonesia. Adapun metode untuk memperbaharui hukum keluarga Islam antara lain dengan takhshish al-qadhaâ€™, takhayyur, reinterpretasi, siyasah syarâ€™iyyah dan putusan hakim (pengadilan).Kata Kunci: Pengadilan Agama, Perkembangan, Hukum Islam.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS HAK-HAK TERSANGKA DALAM PEMERIKSAAN PENDAHULUAN
Authors: Bawono Bambang Tri
Published: August 2020

Law enforcement is a process to realize the desires that have positive law through the Act into reality. Thus the issue is a matter of law enforcement efforts to realize these abstract ideas into concrete reality. Inclusion of the right of a defendant to obtain legal aid in the inspection process investigation level in the positive law does not mean that the poem was entitled to them, that the suspect will simply obtain legal assistance from attorneys in the enforcement of legal ideas into reality, there are several factors that influence. These factors can be positive in terms of support, and negative in the sense of inhibiting. An obstacle will result in enforcement of the idea of legal aid can not be realized. Factors affecting the enforcement of legal ideas into reality, that is: (1) substance, (2) the structure and culture (3) the means and facilities. substance associated with the positive aspects of the law that allocates rights legal aid, the structure associated with the institutional mechanism of legal aid providers, the culture associated with the existing values in the circles. institutions, infrastructure and facilities associated with the things that make it possible for an institution to carry out the tasks assigned to him. So although legal aid is certainly one of the rights granted by the positive law, but it's right before the form of abstract ideas.Keyword : Legal Protection, Rights of Suspects, Investigation
MALFUNGSI HAN DAN UPAYA MELAKUKAN REKONSTRUKSI SISTEM HUKUM YANG ADA MENUJU HUKUM YANG MELAYANI
Authors: Hafidz Jawade
Published: August 2020

The republic of Indonesian is a law country with welfare state concept. Consequently, each activity should be oriented around the goals based on the law that organize state activities, government, and society. The State is required to play a role and to interfere on its socety life in order to achieve prosperity. One of the important role is state administration to serve the society. In recent time, state administrative law plays a large role, because the state grants the authority to government in organizing societyâ€™s concerns and welfare, which mean the state Â to be functionsto serve socetyâ€™s needs.Keywords: Law, Serve, Society
APLIKASI NILAI-NILAI ISLAM DALAM PERATURAN DAERAH (PERDA) TENTANG PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT DAN PROBLEMATIKANYA PADA ERA OTONOMI DAERAH DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Maerani Ira Alia
Published: August 2020

Zakat is an obligation for Muslims who associated with property owned by someone. It has tremendous potential for alleviating poverty. According to data Bappeda of Semarang, the number for poor people in the year 2008 reached 498,700 people or 31 % of the total population of the city of Semarang. This thesis raised two formulations of the problem. They are how the application of Islamic values in Local Zakat Management and what the problems and the solutions in the application of Islamic values against the Law Zakat Management in the era of regional autonomy in the city of Semarang.Application of Islamic values in the management of zakat as the values into the divinity (Tawheed), humanity, brotherhood, responsibility, and justice. Islamic values are already visible in our country basis of Pancasila. Islamic values are also contained in the Regional Regulation (Perda) Number 7 of 2009 on Management of Zakat. But the application of Islamic values is still weak. Normative problem faced is the lack of the punishments for the Muzakki who is ungrateful to pay zakat. The absence of sanctions to make products of this law (Law No. 38 of 1999 and Regional Regulation No. 7 of 2009) can not be said to be a law. As John Austin says there are four important elements to be named as the law, ie: commands, punishments, obligations, and sovereignty.Keywords: Application, Values of Islam, Regional Regulation, Zakat Management.
Penyelesaian Hubungan Industrial dalam Perspektif Sosiologi Hukum
Authors: Muaziz Muhamad Hasan
Published: August 2020

Perselisihan hubungan industrial merupakan salah satu faktor penghambat bagi terciptanya suatu hubungan yang harmonis dalam dunia ketenagakerjaan. Hubungan industrial sendiri terbentuk antara pekerja dan pengusaha dalam memproduksi barang maupun jasa. Terdapat beberapa permasalahan yang sering muncul terkait permasalahan perselisihan hubungan industrial yaitu bagaimana menciptakan hubungan industrial yang harmonis.Terdapat beberapa cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk menyelesaikan perselisihan hubungan industrial di luar pengadilan yaitu dengan cara Bipartit, Mediasi, Konsiliasi, dan Arbitrase. Namun hal yang paling tepat untuk menjaga stabilitas hubungan antar pekerja dan pengusaha serta pemerintah adalah dengan menjaga hubungan industrial yang harmonis.Kata kunci: Perselisihan, Hubungan Industrial, Perspektif Sosiologi Hukum
Tinjauan Yuridis Mengenai Gratifikasi Pelayanan Seks
Authors: Laksana Andri Winjaya
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe act of someone who gives something to someone else, of course it is allowed, however when the gift is an expectation to be able to influence the decisions or policies of the officials who were given a gift, then giving it not only a sign of greeting or thank you, but as a attempt to obtain the advantages of an officer or examiner that will affect the integrity, independence and objectivity, such actions included in the definition gratification. Corruption canâ€™t be separated from what is called a gratification. One form of gratification that is still under discussion and debate among the public and the legal profession is Gratification of sexual services, which are made by women as objects and items that can be bought and sold. Women who used to lobby or as a gift to state officials who want to cooperate with corruption bribe giver. Although not stipulated in the legislation specifically, gratification of sexual services have negative effects for the implementation of the State government, and should be anticipated more seriously in order to achieve a clean governmentKeyword : Judicial review, gratification, sex service.Â AbstrakPerbuatan seseorang yang memberikan sesuatu kepada orang lain tentu saja hal tersebut diperbolehkan. Namun ketika pemberian tersebut merupakan suatu harapan untuk dapat mempengaruhi keputusan atau kebijakan dari pejabat yang diberi hadiah, maka pemberian itu tidak hanya sekedar ucapan selamat atau tanda terima kasih, akan tetapi sebagai suatu upaya untuk memperoleh keuntungan dari pejabat atau pemeriksa yang akan mempengaruhi integritas, independensi serta objektivitasnya, perbuatan tersebut termasuk dalam pengertian gratifikasi. Korupsi tidak dapat dipisahkan dari apa yang disebut gratifikasi. Salah satu bentuk gratifikasi yang masih dalam pembahasan dan perdebatan di kalangan masyarakat dan profesi hukum adalah gratifikasi layanan seksual, yang dibuat oleh wanita sebagai obyek dan item yang dapat dibeli dan dijual. Perempuan yang digunakan untuk melobi atau sebagai hadiah kepada pejabat negara yang ingin bekerja sama dengan pemberi suap korupsi. Meskipun belum diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan secara khusus, gratikasi pelayanan seksual memberikan efek negatif bagi penyelenggaraan pemerintahan negara, dan perlu diantisipasi lebih serius demi tercapainya pemerintahan yang bersih.Kata kunci : Tinjauan yuridis, gratifikasi, pelayanan seks
SOLIDARITAS ISLAM DAN PENCEGAHAN PENGARUH ISIS DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Thontowi Jawahir
Published: August 2020

Abstrak Persaudaraan dalam Islam (ukhuwah Islamiyah) adalah ajaran yang ideal berdasarkan prinsip syariah. Hal ini terkait dengan konsep solidaritas Islam yang efektif digunakan untuk perlawanan dan perlindungan diri terhadap agresi non muslim. Ketika Negara Islam Irak dan Suriah (ISIS) menyatakan kendali mereka terhadap Irak dan Suriah, mereka didukung oleh konsep solidaritas Islam dari beberapa negara Muslim. Meskipun ISIS memenuhi persyaratan untuk berperang, seperti sebagai memiliki zona dibawah kendali, komandan, pengikut, dan seragam militer; tetapi ia tidak dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai berperang dalam hukum internasional karena fakta bahwa tindakan ISIS melanggar hukum humanis, ISIS saat ini ditolak oleh negara-negara muslim. Mengusulkan bantuan kemanusiaan yang dilakukan oleh muslim akan menjadi pilihan yang lebih baik untuk dipromosikan daripada melakukan intervensi kemanusiaan. Pemerintah Indonesia berupaya untuk memerangi pengikut ISIS, dan hal ini tidak akan berhasil tanpa ada usaha yang dilakukan.Â Kata kunci: Solidaritas Islam, ISIS, Hukum Internasional, PemberontakanÂ AbstrakÂ Brotherhood in Islam (ukhuwah Islamiyah) is an ideal teaching based on Islamic principle.Â  Itâ€™s related to the concept of Islamic solidarity that is effectively used for resistence and self protection against non Moslem aggression. When the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) claimed their control to the Iraq and Syria, they are supported by the concept of Islamic solidarity from some Moslem countries.Â  Althought the ISIS comply belligerent requirements like as having under control zone, commander, follower, and military uniform; it cannot be classified as belligerent in international law due to the fact that the ISIS actions violate agains humanitarian law the ISIS currently rejected by Moslem countries to be valid and just war. Proposing humanitarian assistance conducted by Moslem would better choice to be promoted rather than humanitarian intervention. Indonesian government attemptes to combat against the ISIS followers cannot be tralled effectively, whithout any effort played.Â Â Key Words: Islamic Solidarity, Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, Internasional Law, Belligerency
HKI SYARIAH, KONSEP IDE DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DI INDONESIA IPR OF SHARIA, CONCEPT IDEAS AND THE IMPLEMENTATION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Pranadita Nugraha
Published: August 2020

Abstrak: Di Indonesia saat ini sedang berkembang pemikiran tentang penerapan prinsip syariah dalam bidang-bidang perekonomian, termasuk dalam hal perlindungan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI). Pemikiran tersebut berbeda dengan â€œpemikiran baratâ€ yang menjadi dasar dibentuknya undang-undang terkait perlindungan HKI yang sudah ada di Indonesia. Rumusan konsep perlindungan HKI syariah adalah sebuah konsep hasil penggabungan fungsi beberapa pranata hukum yang ada. Hal tersebut memungkinkan rumusan konsep perlindungan HKI syariah ini dapat segera diterapkan di Indonesia dan tetap menjadi bagian dari sistem hukum nasional dan sekaligus menjadi bagian dari tradisi hukum yang ada di dunia.Â Kata kunci: Perlindungan HKI syariah, konsep, implementasi.Â Â Abstract: In Indonesia, the idea of applying the sharia principles in economy fields is currently developing, including the protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). This idea is substantially different from the "western thought" which became the basis of the law establishment regarding the protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Indonesia. The formulation of the concept of sharia IPR protection is a concept of the result of merging some functions of the existing legal order. It allows the formulation of the concept of IPR protection sharia to be immediately applied in Indonesia and remains a part of the national legal system and also become part Â of the legal tradition in the world.Â Key words : Sharia IPR Protection, concept, implementation.
Fungsi â€œAkteâ€ Dalam Kemitraan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) Dengan Pengusaha Besar Menurut Prinsip Keseimbangan (Balance Principles)
Authors: Sukarmi Sukarmi
Published: August 2020

AbstractÂ Partnership business strategy, carried out by two or more parties within a specified period with the goal of mutual benefit to the principle of mutual need and mutual raising. Its success is largely determined by the compliance among the partners in running the business ethics. Various kinds of partnerships are performed, including business partnerships, fundraising partnership, empowerment of micro and / or small businesses that do SOE in the form of lending in order to strengthen the capital accompanied by mentoring, etc. In order to realize these efforts, thus it is made by deed of partnership agreement agreed upon with the principle of equilibrium or balance principle.Â Keywords: Certificate, Partnership, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Entrepreneurs Large, Balance PrincipleÂ AbstrakStrategi bisnis kemitraan, dilakukan oleh dua pihak atau lebih dalam jangka waktu tertentu dengan tujuan meraih keuntungan bersama dengan prinsip saling membutuhkan dan saling membesarkan. Keberhasilannya sangat ditentukan oleh adanya kepatuhan diantara yang bermitra dalam menjalankan etika bisnis. Berbagai macam kemitraan yang dilakukan, diantaranya kemitraan usaha, kemitraan penggalangan dana, program pemberdayaan usaha mikro dan/atau usaha kecil yang dilakukan BUMN dalam bentuk pemberian pinjaman dalam rangka memperkuat modal usaha yang disertai dengan kegiatan pendampingan, dll. Guna merealisasikan usaha tersebut, dilakukan dengan akte perjanjian kemitraan yang disepakati bersama dengan prinsip keseimbangan atau balance principle.Kata Kunci: Akte, Kemitraan, Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM), Pengusaha Besar, Prinsip Keseimbangan
PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DALAM KEPAILITAN
Authors: Salim Rusnaldi
Published: August 2020

This study aims to provide an explanation of the consumer protection process in the event that business actors experience bankruptcy and the process of dispute resolution between producers and consumers against producers who fall bankrupt in realizing consumer protection in accordance with positive legal provisions in Indonesia. This study uses a Juridical Empirical Method. The results obtained from this study are the process of resolving consumer disputes in the event that a business actor goes bankrupt based on positive law in Indonesia can be pursued using the litigation and non-litigation channels. Settlement through non-litigation channels is carried out by means of Mediation, Conciliation and Arbitration. The responsibility of the company / business actor towards consumers if the company has been declared a fraud, namely by paying compensation in accordance with a written agreement that has been agreed by both parties. This step was taken to achieve consumer protection.
浅谈反证黎曼猜想——揭开黎曼假设的神秘面纱
Authors: 黄 信国 , 黄 显森 , 郭 献东
Published: August 2020

有专家说攻克千僖数学难题目的，不是为了形成新世纪数学发展的方向，而是集中在对数学发展具有中心意义且数学家梦寐以求期待解决数学存在着的重大问题。独辟蹊径构造 y 轴序列以微或积分线性向量原函数解释延拓：给出任意 Q 维 n 阶跃间断导函数因需无穷小 δ 的精确收敛算法，堪称弥补了黎曼 R 积分与 L 积分控制收敛定理不能一致性收敛的短板，是提供证明黎曼假设必然成立的唯一能行有效数学工具。若黎曼假设得到证明这意味着其它千僖难题将迎刃而解，仍至历经三次数学革命尚存的三大数学悖论难题得以解决。因此，论文抛砖引玉诚待数学权威伯乐严格审核、公平验证。
论高校在中国应急管理中如何发挥重要作用
Authors: 谭 少波
Published: August 2020

应急管理是国家治理体系和治理能力的重要组成部分。承担防范化解重大安全风险，及时应对处置各类灾害事故的重要职责，担负保护人民群众生命财产安全和维护社会稳定的重要使命。论文对中国应急管理现状、自然灾害进行思考，对如何发挥高校优势、培养应急管理人才、教育引导人民做永不懈怠的“应急人”、切实提高全国人民的防灾减灾意识和抗灾救灾的能力并提升全民素质和能力进行分析和探讨。
疫情期间在线教学效果的影响因素与对策研究——基于4350 份中国广西大学生问卷调查分析
Authors: 向 开成 , 王 浩 , 唐 莉 , 李 忠辉
Published: August 2020

在线学习是一种全新的学习模式。一直以来，在线学习都被当做课堂教学的补充，没有得到足够的重视。新冠疫情发生后，因为抗疫的要求，教育部提出了“停课不停学”鼓励开展多种形式的在线学习。为了了解疫情期间在线学习的效果，以及影响在线学习的因素，笔者对中国广西 4350 名大学生进行了调查。分析结果表明影响学生学习效果的因素主要有网络差、教师在线教学能力不足、平台资源质量参差不齐，不成体系、学生自主学习能力有待提高等。最后，笔者提出了建议，以便为将来改进在线教学提供参考。
提升高职英语教学职业化的对策思考
Authors: 李 沛 , 周 媛媛
Published: August 2020

国际交流一直在持续的加强，英语已经逐渐地成为比较重要的交流工具。在中国的教育体系当中，英语占据非常重要的地位。对于学生来讲，如果他们能够很好地学习英语，那么他们将会比其他人更加具备竞争力，可以在将来找到更好的工作。尽管中国一直非常重视学生英语能力的具体培养，但是高职院校在英语教育方面仍然存在一些问题。论文主要对高职英语教学进行简答的探讨，并提出针对性的措施，希望可以给大家带去一些启发。
“教学向一线延伸”实战化教学体系的构建和实施——以中国江苏警官学院为例
Authors: 戚 志如
Published: August 2020

公安教育应该坚持警察职业岗位的实际需要为导向，努力做到实践教学与警察职业岗位之间的“零距离”。根据我院大数据条件下实战化教学改革的需要，论文提出“教学向一线延伸”实战化教学改革模式，系统阐述了“教学向一线延伸”实战化教学体系的内涵和目标体系以及具体的实施意见。
高校思想政治教育与大学生职业胜任力融合培养路径研究
Authors: 周 禹冰
Published: August 2020

高校思想政治作为一种贯穿大学生生活和学习的教育模式，是提高大学思想政治素质主要途径。事实证明学生若想成为社会主义接班人，就必须接受良好思想品德教育。而随着近几年中国高校毕业就业压力不断的增大，提高高校大学生职业胜任力也成为当下主要的教学目标。通过大量的科学调查我们发现若将二者结合，不仅可以同时达到教师要求的教学效果，还能让二者相辅相成，使大学生综合素质更进一步。
新时代大学教育管理工作发展的探析与研究
Authors: 赵 薇
Published: August 2020

在新时代下，大学生教育管理的手段主要指的是在网络思想教育过程中，教育者为了实现教育目的而对教育对象采取的方式和方法。具体来看，开展大学生网络教育管理工作所使用的手段必须利用网络这种载体来落实和实现，即可以搭建平台，实现大学生网络教育管理的预期目标。
论六顶思考帽在问题教学法中的运用
Authors: 吴 智华
Published: August 2020

六顶思考帽具有强大的实用性和科学性。把六顶思考帽运用在问题式教学法中，每一环节思考的方向和内容得以进一步明确，思考问题时更具有指向性和针对性，能有效提高学生解决问题的能力。
儿童视角下优化幼儿园角色游戏环境的行动研究
Authors: 毛 雪芳
Published: August 2020

儿童视角是推进游戏的重要前提，也是教师走近儿童游戏、了解幼儿游戏现状的重要途径。当教师从儿童视角玩游戏时，教师学会倾听，学会去看，学会解读儿童的游戏，从而使儿童真正拥有游戏的自主权。游戏环境创设是游戏开展的重要保障，从环境、材料、空间等方面的使用、创设的问题及对策角度出发，在不断研究与实践中，教师拥有儿童视角，真正推助幼儿的游戏。论文从儿童视角下游戏环境的优化原则、路径、方法、支持策略等方面进行梳理与阐述，拓展教师组织游戏的视角。
混合式教学在高等数学教学改革中的应用
Authors: 魏 邦有
Published: August 2020

在当下的高等数学教学模式当中，一般的课堂教育已经很难对学生起到良好的教育效果。随着高校教育的改革，混合式教学作为一种可以将传统教学和互联网方式教学结合的方法，被应用到高等数学的教育当中，以此来促进教学质量。论文针对混合式教学在高等数学教学当中的应用展开探究。
农村小学班级管理模式的实践与探索
Authors: 张 金祥
Published: August 2020

随着时代的进步，国家越来越重视教育事业，对农村教育也提出了更高的要求。怎样进行小学班级的管理才能更有利于小学生的学习和发展，是如今迫切需要解决的问题。农村的小学教师应该提高对班级管理的重视程度，了解现有的农村小学班级管理所面临的一些问题，改变传统的教育模式，结合学生的阶段特性找到新的更适合小学班级的管理模式，提高学生学习效率，给学生一个有利于身心发展的良好学习氛围。论文主要针对农村小学班级管理进行探究分析。
高职高专思想政治理论课运用网络信息技术提升对青年学生的影响力、吸引力研究
Authors: 美合热阿依 阿布都如苏
Published: August 2020

在互联网时代，网络信息技术的应用成为了一种必然的趋势，高职高专思想政治理论课开展过程中开始积极融入与信息技术相关的手段，使传统的教学模式发生改变，同时也让教学活动拥有了强大的载体支撑。论文重点阐述高职高专思想政治理论课开展过程中运用网络信息技术的具体实践，明确其对提升青年学生影响力、吸引力的途径，为进一步巩固教学的成果提出合理化的建议，促使教学的本质内涵反映出来。
PUBLIC ACTIVITY OF THE STUDENTS OF PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN KYIV IN 20-30s OF THE 20th CENTURY
Authors: Komarnitskyi Oleksandr , Komarnitska Liudmyla
Published: August 2020

In the 20–30s of the 20th century special attention was paid to the formation of the ideological worldview of students of education institutions, future teachers who were to shape the political consciousness of the younger generation with communist ideals. The ideological principles of the party were subordinated to the social activities of youth, in particular, in Kyiv pedagogical educational institutions. The article deals with the work of student clubs and student government bodies, various organizations. Since the mid-20s of the 20th century trade union organizations took over the functions of youth advocates, which were largely influenced by university administrations and controlled the social composition of students, who presented themselves as an exclusively peasant workers. Some of the students were embraced by work in the cells of voluntary societies, the government used to propagate their ideas of socialist construction and the ideological education of the masses. The most active were the cells of Tsoaviakhim, which oversaw the work of the rifle circles. Close to them were sports clubs. Universities also operated cells of MOPR, the Friends of the Children societies, the All-Ukrainian Society for Land Organization of Working Jews OZET, and the Friends of Radio. The ideological work among students was intensified by the student press, the production of “live and light newspapers” that covered the processes of building a higher school, the participation of youth organizations in the proletariat of institutes and technical schools, the life and attitude of students, their participation in cultural work etc. Most of the time, students took part in enriching work. In particular, they worked on various campaigns related to raising funds for the state’s economic needs, participating in fundraising to strengthen defense, days of industrialization, etc.
FIVE UNKNOWN DOCUMENTS BY HETMAN IVAN SKOROPADSKYI
Authors: Мицик Юрій
Published: August 2020

The article presents unknown documents by Hetman of Ukraine Ivan Skoropadskyi, which broaden understanding of economic situation of the Mgar Monastery near Lubny, highlight unknown pages of numerous surrounding villages and biographies of some representatives of the Cossack officers.
EDUCATION FOR PEACE AND THE ETHICAL DIMENSION IN PROFESSIONAL TRAINING PROCESSES
Authors: Mendoza M Dr. Gabriel
Published: August 2020

The present text deals with aspects concerning the integration of concepts conferred to the instruction of the ethical dimension, in processes of formation of the common axis in professionalization and university incursion, as a strategy promoted in education for peace. Based on transdisciplinary approaches, which allow addressing said emblem from an integral perspective. Allowing itself, to explore the different perceptions emanated from those who are in the process of formation, from methodological premises of an exploratory descriptive nature, taking as an initial axis the semi-structured interview with 5 groups of students of a public university, out of a total of 25, assigned to different areas of knowledge, whose common feature is the course of materials and content in the ethics instruction within the professional practice and its participation iSocialn the rubric of education for peace. In this way, general perceptions are generated, which allow us to investigate possible conceptions that are currently found in the group undergoing formation. Delimited in this way, broad strategic possibilities for the formation of instructional content aimed at adequate comprehensive understanding, constituted in current processes of education for peace.
SYNTHESIS OF SOME DIAZINE AND TRIAAZOLE DERIVATIVES FROM FURFURAL
Authors: M.S Al-Ajely , I.M Shaban
Published: August 2020

The synthesis of heterocyclic compounds especially when their structure containing nitrogen ,oxygen and sulfur atoms  are growing up  due to their wide spread  in nature ,many mechanistic pathways to reach the target with nearly  negligible loss of their dose and there are numerous  me thods to derivatives their structures  There for the development in hetero cyclic synthesis will provide new metabolic pathways when these compounds  have succeeded to be used as drug ,Moreover it was known for  long time that about 95 % of cancer drugs  are heterocyclic compounds .There are also many methods found in the literature for the synthesis of both triazoles and trdiazines from different routes In this investigation furfural was used as precursor for the synthesis of some new diazine and triazole derivatives (3-11).The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR ,and    1HNMR and are  discussed.
Effects of increased residential mobility and reduced public spaces mobility in containing COVID-19 in Africa
Authors: Asweto Collins O , Onyango Patrick O , Alzain Mohamed A , Wang Wei
Published: August 2020

Background

The rising COVID-19 crisis threatens to disproportionately hit African countries. As a result, most African governments have temporarily closed schools and non-essential businesses or banned social gatherings to contain the disease. It is therefore important to estimate the level of transmission reduction as a result of these measures. This study aimed at predicting COVID-19 cases in Africa based on COVID-19 community mobility report.

Methods

Our study focused on 26 African countries whose community mobility data were available online. The number of daily confirmed cases for the period of February 15th, 2020 to May 29th, 2020 for each country was obtained from European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) COVID-19 cases geographic distribution data. Multiple linear regression was performed to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 community mobility and confirmed cases.

Results

The maximum public place mobility change was -38.15% with an average of -18.85% (±3.47); residential mobility was at 23.17% with an average of 11. 268% (±1.448). The number of confirmed cases had a significant negative correlation with residential mobility change (r = -0.878, P<0.01) and positive correlation with public place mobility change (r = 0.881, P<0.05). Both mobility changes in public spaces and residential are significant predictors of COVID-19 cases. More specifically, about 1% change in a public place and residential mobility would result in 167 less COVID-19 daily cases, while total lockdown would result in 581 fewer daily cases.

Conclusions

Our analysis shows that a COVID-19 containment strategy that focuses on increasing residential mobility and reducing public spaces mobility is effective. Therefore, the finding supports containment measures that aim to limit the movement of people.
Application of Dose Area Product (DAP) to Estimate Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) in Pediatric Chest X-Rays
Authors: Davoodi Roya , Eydian Mohammad-Reza , Karampour Hessein , Nassarpour Mahdi , Rezazadeh-Farokh Reza , Maraei Asma , Chavideh Mohammad
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Given the high radiation tissue sensitivity of pediatric patients, it is necessary to monitor their received dose to optimize radiation protection. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the entrance surface dose (ESD) in pediatric patients undergoing a chest X-ray at the main hospital of Dezful, Iran. The second aim was to compare our results with the established dose reference levels (DRLs).

Materials and Methods: The studied population included 204 pediatric patients less than 15 years who were referred to as chest X-ray. A calibrated dose area product meter (DAP-meter) with permanent installation on the X-ray unit was used to radiation dose measurements. For each patient, the demographic data, exposure parameters and the dose read by DAP-meter were recorded and ESD was calculated using a standard mathematical formula.

Results: The average value of ESD was 119 μGy in patients less than 15 years. This value was 51.3, 122.3, 131.5 and 171.2 μGy for the age groups for less than 1 year, 1 to 5 years, 5 to 10 years and 10 to 15 years, respectively. A statistically significant difference was seen between ESD values ​​in different age groups (P<0.001), whereas no statistical difference was seen between ESD values in ​ girls and boys (P =0.993).

Conclusion: Pediatric patients in hospital investigated (except age group less than 1 year) are subjected to unnecessary radiation exposure, especially due to the use of non-optimize X-ray protocols.
Measuring Quality of Life in Stroke Survivors
Authors: Tsalta-Mladenov M. , Georgieva D. , Andonova S.
Published: August 2020

Introduction:The number of patients living with the consequences of stroke is increasing worldwide due to theimproving stroke care and the modern differentiated treatment options for ischemic stroke – thrombolysis and thrombectomy. Hence, a significant interest has arisen in quality of life (QOL) measurement in post-stroke patients.Objectives.Measuring QOL in stroke survivors can be achieved by using various generic and stroke specific questionnaires. All tools should assess different domains of health such as physical acting, communication, daily activities and others. This article describes the most commonly used scales for measuring post-stroke QOL.Methods.We searched the PubMed electronic databases with the keywords — Quality of life, Stroke, Measuring for the periodfrom January 2000 to May 2020.Results.Various generic and specific scales for quality of life measuring are available. The advantages of the specific scales include high accuracy and detailed information for the assessed domains. The limitations are due to numerous items, long evaluation time and high dependency on patient’s compliance. The generic scales give the ability to compare the QOL in patients with different diseases. The disadvantage is lack of detailed information for the health status in certain disease or condition.Conclusion.Measuring the different aspects of QOL in post-stroke patients is powerful tool in order to focus the further efforts to the most affected domains. A combination between generic and stroke-specific measure might be considered in order to overcome the limitations. The choice of measuring scales must be balanced in the terms of lengthy and repetitive surveys.