bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Update of randomized controlled trials evaluating cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in prevention and therapy of peritoneal metastasis: a systematic review
Authors: Noiret Barbara , Piessen Guillaume , Eveno Clarisse
Published: March 2022

Background

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is associated with favorable short- and long-term oncological outcomes in highly selected patients with peritoneal metastasis (PM). The aim of our review was to review published, recruiting or ongoing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating CRS and HIPEC vs. other strategies (systemic chemotherapy or CRS alone) and to update the studies recently described in 2016.

Content

Systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines. Searches for published and ongoing trials were based, respectively, on PubMed and international clinical databases since 2016.

46 trials randomized 9,063 patients: 13 in colorectal cancer (3 in therapeutic strategy and 10 in prophylactic strategy), 16 in gastric cancer (4 in therapeutic strategy and 12 in prophylactic strategy) and 17 in ovarian cancer (12 in front-line therapy and 5 in recurrence settings).

Outlook

In contrast to many recruiting studies, few published studies analyzed the potential advantage of CRS and HIPEC in therapeutic and prophylactic treatment of PM. The potential effect of this combined treatment has been proven in ovarian cancer in interval surgery, but remains still debated in other situations. Promising trials are currently recruiting to provide further evidence of the effectiveness of CRS and HIPEC.
Conversion of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash in Asphalt Pavements
Authors: Yan Kezhen , Li Lanlan , Long Zhengwu , Xiao Leling , Liu Kai , Zhou Wujun , You Lingyun , Ou Jianliang , Wu Shenghua
Published: March 2022

Municipal waste incineration (MSWI) is a widely used method in solid waste treatment that can reduce the generation of landfill waste. Meanwhile, MSWI-bottom ash (BA) can be employed as a substitute for aggregates in asphalt mixtures. This study aims to assess the feasibility and influence of MSWI-BA substitution for natural limestone aggregates in asphalt mixtures to reduce garbage accumulation and save natural resources. Through conventional methods, the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, and scanning electron microscope experiments, the physical and chemical features of MSWI-BA and natural limestone aggregate were analyzed. A Marshall mix design determined the optimum asphalt content of asphalt mixtures with various MSWI-BA contents. The road performances of asphalt mixtures with different MSWI-BA contents were studied using rutting, low-temperature splitting, freeze–thaw splitting, and Marshall immersion tests. The experiment results show that adding MSWI-BA to asphalt mixtures would decrease water stability. High-temperature stability is excellent when adding 10 % MSWI-BA, and low-temperature crack resistance is best at 20 % MSWI-BA content. MSWI-BA could be recycled in the asphalt pavement, and 10 % is recommended.
Developing Prediction Model on Workability Parameters of Ultrasonicated Nano Silica (n-SiO2) and Fly Ash Added Cement-Based Grouts by Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Çolak Andaç Batur , Yıldız Oğuzhan , Çelik Fatih , Bozkır Samet Mufit
Published: March 2022

In this experimental study, the workability and bleeding properties of cement-based grout mixes combined with fly ash (FA) and nano silica (n-SiO2) as colloidal nanopowder were investigated, and some prediction models were developed with the artificial neural network. The Marsh cone flow time, mini slump spreading diameter, and plate cohesion meter values of samples prepared in different concentrations have been measured and analyzed experimentally to investigate the workability properties. Moreover, bleeding tests were carried out on the grout mixtures prepared within the scope of this experimental study. Test results showed that the usage of FA as a mineral additive in the grout samples positively contributed to an increase on the fluidity of the grout samples as expected. Although the increase in n-SiO2 content in the grout mixes resulted in an increase in the Marsh cone flow time of the grout mixes, it resulted in a decrease in the mini slump spreading diameter of the samples. The increase in the plate cohesion values of the grout mixtures was also observed in the n-SiO2 added grout mixtures. At the same time, the bleeding values of the grout mixes with and without mineral additives of 0.9 % or more with n-SiO2 additives remained above 900 ml (below 10 % bleeding rate). The artificial neural network model can predict the workability properties of cement-based grouts containing n-SiO2 nanoparticle-doped FA with high accuracy.
Translating the immune microenvironment of thyroid cancer into clinical practice
Authors: Cunha Lucas Leite , Ward Laura Sterian
Published: March 2022

Thyroid cancer is an excellent model for studying tumor immune microenvironment, as it often shows local signs of an immune response. The tumor immune microenvironment of thyroid cancer is the heterogeneous histological space in which tumor cells coexist with host cells. The final composition of this cellular aggregate is associated with the clinical aggressiveness characteristics of the neoplasm. High-performance multiplex technologies suggest that specific genetic signatures of the tumor immune microenvironment may provide data for the delineation of a robust prognostic model. Several proposals integrate clinic, pathologic and immunological information in an attempt to translate the knowledge gained from molecular science into a more personalized approach for the treatment strategy of patients with thyroid cancer. In addition, the tumor immune microenvironment displays multiple molecular connections between cells, revealing complex crosstalk. This interesting network generates several molecular nodes that can be used as targets for immunotherapy. In this scenario, immunotherapy emerges as a promising weapon, mainly for patients with advanced thyroid cancer, both medullary and follicular cell-derived. In fact, although most patients with thyroid cancer have an excellent prognosis with current therapies, around 30% of cases evolve in an unfavorable way, leading to the urgent need to improve immunotherapy for high-risk patients. Preclinical and early clinical investigations are providing optimistic prospects, but more studies are needed to make immunotherapy a more viable and efficient tool for years to come.
The Other, the New, and the Old. Three Images of Leith in Irvine Welsh’s Porno
Authors: Zibalas Deividas
Published: March 2022

The present paper focuses on Irvine Welsh’s novel Porno (2002), the sequel to Trainspotting (1993). Most of the events of the novel take place in Edinburgh, and the changing face of Leith, a working-class neighbourhood, becomes the central axis in the story. By drawing on Edward Relph (1976) and Harold M. Proshansky et al. (2014 [1983]), this reading of Welsh’s novel attempts to show how the main characters self-consciously reflect on the neighbourhood’s changing identity, as well as the implications these changes have for their own sense of self. Multiperspectivity becomes the mode Welsh employs to project a nuanced image of Leith, as seen from the subjective perspectives of five internal narrators. What becomes of interest in the novel is not the identity of Leith per se, but the different images of Leith that emerge through the way the narrators identify with the neighbourhood. Specifically, three images of Leith are distinguished and explored in the paper.
Perceived Career Barriers Scale: Validation for a Lithuanian Sample
Authors: Sadauskaitė Raimonda , Kairys Antanas
Published: March 2022

Career is undoubtedly an essential part of people’s lives. Unfortunately, career development does not necessarily go smoothly because various circumstances, such as career barriers, might constrain career development. Therefore, it is important to have valid and reliable instruments that help evaluate and understand this phenomenon. The current study aimed to test the validity of the Lithuanian version of the Perceived career barriers scale. The sample included 382 participants aged from 18 to 63 years (M = 37.5 years, SD = 13.6). Two hundred twenty-six of the participants were females, 155 were males, and one did not disclose their gender. The Perceived Career Barriers Scale was translated from the German language using the back translation technique. Its construct validity was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. Results also showed that the scale is reliable. Convergent validity of the scale was also confirmed – perceived career barriers correlated with career self-efficacy, Past Negative time perspective, Present Fatalistic time perspective, and Future Negative time perspective. The Perceived Career Barriers Scale may be used for further research, although it is recommended to conduct a more comprehensive validity evaluation.
The well-being of older age Lithuanians: Policy implications
Authors: Kairys Antanas , Zamalijeva Olga , Bagdonas Albinas , Eimontas Jonas , Pakalniškienė Vilmantė , Sadauskaitė Raimonda
Published: March 2022

Many countries of the world consider the well-being of citizens to be one of their most important goals. Nowadays there is a growing concern about the well-being of older people. Considering the aging population, there is a call for social policies aimed at strengthening the well-being of older people. Therefore, recommendations were prepared for policymakers on possible ways to strengthen the well-being of the older age Lithuanian population. The recommendations are based on data from the 7th wave of the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). There were 2014 persons aged 50 and older interviewed in Lithuania in the 7th wave of the SHARE survey. Data on various aspects of well-being, health, work and economic situation, childhood circumstances, experiences of discrimination were analyzed. Based on different aspects of well-being it was found, that respondents can be grouped into high, low, and medium well-being clusters, moreover the analysis showed that the Lithuanian population has relatively low well-being compared to other countries. Recommendations were formulated covering possible measures for chronic diseases, co-morbid mental health disorders, work, economic situation, childhood environment, and personal life history. The recommendations are addressed to health, social and employment, education, and science policymakers.
New Texts in Manuscripts of the 1636 Ruthenian Translation of the Czech Lucidarius (*Olomouc, 1622)
Authors: Temchin Sergey
Published: March 2022

The article focuses on the textual criticism of the Ruthenian translation of the Czech book entitled Lucidář (Lucidarius), a medieval encyclopedic treatise consisting of the student’s questions and the teacher’s answers, which was most widespread in the Cyrillic manuscript tradition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland). This translation was made in 1636 from a non-extant edition (*Olomouc, 1622) and is represented by at least nine manuscript copies: five of them have been published and other four still remain practically unknown (kept St. Petersburg and Yaroslavl). All of them are involved in this study aiming to identify cases of a complete substitution of original (translated) texts of the teacher’s answers to some of the student’s questions with new texts. They reflect a critical approach of Ruthenian copyists to the ideas about the world set forth in Lucidarius translated from Czech. The process of replacing some of the texts went on, increasing in extend, during the 18th–early 19th centuries and affected more than half of all the manuscripts under consideration. Consequently, this Ruthenian translation of the Czech Lucidarius is to be characterized as an open textual tradition, since its content was partially (but regularly) adapted by scribes to meet their own cultural needs.
Sermons from the Pandects of Antiochus in the Prologue: Index of Incipits
Authors: Čistiakova Marina
Published: March 2022

This publication presents an incipitarium of sermons borrowed into the Church Slavonic Prologue from the Pandects of Antiochus. The data are collected from all the known translations and editions of the Prologue for the autumn-winter half-year. The beginnings and headings of 41 synaxarian teachings are indicated in alphabetical order, in three cases the same sermon is given in two versions. The calendar date (there may be more than one), on which the readings are placed in the Prologue, is marked after the ellipsis, the editions containing this text are listed in brackets. If the didactic article is specific only to certain copies of edition, the call numbers of these manuscripts are given in bracket after dash. Then the links to the source chapters are provided. The index of incipits summarizes information about handwritten prologues of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the instructive section of which is unknown to a wide range of readers.
Tatars in the History and Culture of Lithuania from the 14th to the 21st Centuries: the Latest Researches
Authors: Miškinienė Galina
Published: March 2022

The Parliament (Seimas) of the Republic of Lithuania the year 2021 declared as the year of the history and culture of Lithuanian Tatars. Lithuanian Tatars have left a bright footprint in the history of Lithuania, and they are a part of its history as well. The descendants of the Tatars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania live in three countries: Lithuania, Belarus and Poland, and their compatriots – in Crimea, Tatarstan and Turkey.

Among the events of the commemorating programme of the Year of the History and Culture of Lithuanian Tatars, which was approved by the Government of the Republic of Lithuania, is the international scientific conference “Tatars in the History and Culture of Lithuania from the 14th to the 21st Centuries: the latest researches”, which took place on the 9th–11th of September 2021 at the Faculty of Philology of Vilnius University live and remotely. International conferences, dedicated to the research of Lithuanian Tatar history, culture, writing and religion, are being organized periodically in Lithuania. As well as at the other conferences, the manuscript heritage (kitabistics) of Lithuanian Tatars – the field of researches, which is being the mostly developed – was discussed at this conference too.
Improving Vancomycin Stewardship in Critically Ill Children
Authors: Chiotos Kathleen , Fitzgerald Julie C. , Hayes Molly , Dashefsky Hannah , Metjian Talene A. , Woods-Hill Charlotte , Biedron Lauren , Stinson Hannah , Ku Brandon C. , Robbins Tighe Sheila , Weiss Scott L. , Balamuth Fran , Schriver Emily , Gerber Jeffrey S.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Inappropriate vancomycin use is common in children’s hospitals. We report a quality improvement (QI) intervention to reduce vancomycin use in our tertiary care PICU.

METHODS

We retrospectively quantified the prevalence of infections caused by organisms requiring vancomycin therapy, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), among patients with suspected bacterial infections. Guided by these data, we performed 3 QI interventions over a 3-year period, including (1) stakeholder education, (2) generation of a consensus-based guideline for empiric vancomycin use, and (3) implementation of this guideline through clinical decision support. Vancomycin use in days of therapy (DOT) per 1000 patient days was measured by using statistical process control charts. Balancing measures included frequency of bacteremia due to an organism requiring vancomycin not covered with empiric therapy, 30-day mortality, and cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal organ dysfunction.

RESULTS

Among 1276 episodes of suspected bacterial infection, a total of 19 cases of bacteremia (1.5%) due to organisms requiring vancomycin therapy were identified, including 6 MRSA bacteremias (0.5%). During the 3-year QI project, overall vancomycin DOT per 1000 patient days in the PICU decreased from a baseline mean of 182 DOT per 1000 patient days to 109 DOT per 1000 patient days (a 40% reduction). All balancing measures were unchanged, and all cases of MRSA bacteremia were treated empirically with vancomycin.

CONCLUSION

Our interventions reduced overall vancomycin use in the PICU without evidence of harm. Provider education and consensus building surrounding indications for empiric vancomycin use were key strategies.
Enfermedad del desgaste en praderas de Thalassia testudinum (Hydrocharitaceae) y su relación con el perfil metabólico
Authors: Castro-González Maribeb , Gómez López Diana I. , Sánchez Valencia Laura , Acosta Chaparro Andrés , Coy-Barrera Ericsson
Published: March 2022

Introducción: Los protistas del género Labyrinthula causan la denominada “Enfermedad del desgaste” en el pasto marino, Thalassia testudinum. Desde el 2008 los monitoreos en el Caribe colombiano han mostrado variación espacial y temporal en la incidencia de la enfermedad, pero sin la alta mortalidad observada en otras regiones del mundo. Objetivo: Analizar algunos parámetros epidemiológicos en T. testudinum y comparar metabolitos entre plantas sanas e infectadas. Métodos: Registramos la severidad, incidencia y prevalencia de esta enfermedad en el Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona e Isla de Providencia, y analizamos muestras de agua y sedimentos. Además, aplicamos cromatografía líquida y de gases, junto con espectrometría de masas, a extractos metanólicos de muestras de hojas y rizomas de brotes sanos e infectados. Resultados: Las praderas se encontraban en buen estado, a pesar de la escasez de brotes de fanerógamas marinas en Tayrona y una alta incidencia (15 %) y severidad (355 %) de la enfermedad en Providencia. Las plantas infectadas tenían niveles más bajos de fenoles, flavonoides y azúcares. Las flavonas sulfatadas con aglicona luteolina y diosmetina, los esteroles (sitosterol y estigmasterol) y las oxilipinas volátiles se acumularon en las hojas (3-hidroxi-2-isopentanona) y los ácidos isopentanoico y octadecatrienoico en los rizomas. Conclusiones: Estos pastos marinos colombianos tienen producción diferencial de metabolitos. Probablemente como una defensa exitosa, aún a niveles bajos de severidad (0.1 %) e incidencia (1 %) de la enfermedad.
Gestational diabetes: prevention during pregnancy, screening and diagnosis of the disease
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Avramenko T.V. , Hovsieiev D.O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Yavir V.S. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine,, Mellina I.M. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: March 2022

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GD) is a widespread disease, the level of which continues to overgrow. Gestational diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of developing severe chronic pathology in both mother and child in the future. This publication is devoted to the prevention of GD during pregnancy, screening and diagnosis. Improve the course of pregnancy, childbirth, life for mother and child in women with GD, possibly with the earliest possible detection of disorders and complete correction of carbohydrate metabolism. To prevent GD development during pregnancy, it is necessary to identify risk factors, eliminate some of them, and prevent new ones. The risk factors for the disease include: overweight and obesity, pathological weight gain in the I–II trimester of pregnancy, burdened heredity, hypodynamics, old age, smoking, stress, polycystic ovarian syndrome, hypertension, hypothyroidism shortly before and/or during pregnancy, use of glucocorticosteroids, ethnicity, genetic factors. To prevent the development of GD in all women from early pregnancy, recommend nutrition; weight gain control; regular moderate physical activity; therapeutic exercise (in the absence of the threat of miscarriage, placenta previa and some other complications); limiting stressful situations; enough night's sleep; rational regime mode; abandonment of bad habits. This study has established the importance of early diagnosis and screening of pregnant women for GD. Diabetes mellitus is associated with increasing frequency of unfavourable pregnancy outcomes, perinatal morbidity and mortality. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: diabetes mellitus, gestational diabetes, manifest, glucose.
Antenatal care of the fetus (clinical lecture)
Authors:   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Horbunova O.V. , Yermolovych N.А. ,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Vysotsky А.О. ,   Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Yarova I.V. ,   Shupyk National University of Healthcare of Ukraine, Kyiv, Pusanova Ye.V. ,   Shupyk National University of Healthcare of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: March 2022

The demographic situation in Ukraine indicates a deep demographic crisis. Although most couples want to have children, they often postpone this event to a later reproductive period. But no doubt every couple wants to have a healthy baby. An important measure to help women conceive and bear a healthy child is effective pre-pregnancy training to maintain and rehabilitate the reproductive health of the couple, with a special focus on preventing possible complications at the planning stage of pregnancy. Among the main factors influencing the health of the population, WHO identifies lifestyle. Therefore, already at the stage of planning a pregnancy, the important point is to give up bad habits, physical activity, nutrition and effective organization of sexual life. Nutritional deficiency of vitamins and traditional seasonality of nutrition in Ukraine often do not allow to ensure a full micronutrient status in the body of future parents, especially in the winter3spring period of the year. Therefore, the use of multivitamin complexes, including folic acid, is important for the people of Ukraine, both during pre-pregnancy preparation and during pregnancy, and then during lactation. In order to eliminate any pathology that may harm the expectant mother and her child, the couple must be rationally examined and rehabilitated during pre-pregnancy preparation. Also, expectant parents should avoid any harmful effects on their body, both at work and at home. Secondary prevention of morbidity and mortality of mother and child is early prenatal diagnosis, which is now actively developing in the world and in Ukraine. An equally important aspect of antenatal protection of the fetus is the formation of the psychological health of the future person. Therefore, the introduction of physiopsychoprophylactic training of each couple for the birth of a child with the involvement of perinatal psychologists is extremely important in modern conditions. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: antenatal care of the fetus, pre-pregnancy training, primary and secondary prevention of congenital malformations, bad habits, pregnancy, fetal alcohol syndrome, nutrition during pregnancy, sex during pregnancy, perinatal fetal psychology.
Legal status of judges in the Republic of Kosovo. Theoretical and legal analysis
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Nowak Krystian
Published: March 2022

The status of a judge is a very important issue from the point of view of the standards of a democratic state and because of the role that judges play in the administration of justice. This article attempts to analyze the legal status of judges in the Republic of Kosovo by subjecting constitutional guarantees of judicial independence to theoretical and legal analysis. Indeed, the independent status of a judge is the minimum standard of legal protection that the state should provide to citizens. This study made it possible to formulate a statement that the mechanism of checks and balances of powers formed in the Constitution of Kosovo, which by its nature implies the possibility of some interference in the scope of judicial power, but it cannot touch the independence of judges in the exercise of their office. Some solutions in the Kosovo legal order that are unsatisfactory from the point of view of European standards were also pointed out.
Kondycja audytu wewnętrznego w jednostkach samorządu terytorialnego z uwzględnieniem jakości audytu prowadzonego przez usługodawcę
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Łukaszuk Anna
Published: March 2022

Internal audit is an essential element of management control, and the same directly affects the quality of management in local government units. An efficiently functioning internal audit supports local government units’ heads in achieving the assumed goals and tasks. Over the years of functioning of internal audit in local government units, one can notice both the strengthening of its role in these units but also several frequent irregularities. In the course of inspections carried out by the Supreme Audit Office, as well as conclusions from the questionnaires of the Ministry of Finance, a decision arises that the quality of internal audit in local government units is directly related to the form of internal audit organisation, which is the audit by the service provider. Errors and irregularities revealed in the course of the controls mentioned above require the immediate introduction of solutions to improve and increase internal audit quality performed by service providers in local government units.
Indywidualny plan badawczy w świetle ustawy – Prawo o szkolnictwie wyższym i nauce – teoria i praktyka
Authors:   Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie, Polska, Pietrzyk-Tobiasz Barbara
Published: March 2022

A new model of doctoral education – doctoral schools – started functioning in Poland in 2019. Within this model, many new solutions have been provided to increase the quality of PhD education. One of them is the elaboration of an individual research plan by a doctoral student in agreement with his doctoral supervisor. Afterwards, the plan is presented to the institution running a doctoral school. The plan plays an important role in the process of educating doctoral students. Not only does it define the activities aimed at preparing a doctoral dissertation, but it also serves as a mechanism for monitoring the work of the PhD student, since the implementation of the plan will be subject to mid-term evaluation. Unfortunately, the practice of applying the new regulations on the individual research plan reveals a number of discrepancies in their interpretation. Therefore, discussing this issue may contribute to the clarification of existing doubts and facilitate reflection on the shape of the adopted solutions.
Cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii and its toxin in Buon Phong reservoir, Dak Lak province, Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Thi Diem My , Ton That Phap , Duong Thi Thuy , Le Thi Phuong Quynh , Nguyen Thi Thu Lien
Published: March 2022

This study investigated the variation of the cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii population under the influence of physicochemical parameters from May 2019 to April 2020 in the Buon Phong reservoir. The correlations between these parameters were explored by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis. The cylindrospermopsin (CYN) toxin in isolated strains from the reservoir was confirmed by using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. R. raciborskii presented throughout the year in the reservoir with a biovolume from 0.12 to 9.14 mm3 L-1. Four R. raciborskii strains (CBP2, CBP3, CBP4, and CBP5) were successfully isolated and confirmed to produce CYN by the HPLC results. The highest concentration in isolated strains was 0.345 μg g-1 DW in the CBP4 strain. The PCR results of genes responsible for CYN biosynthesis showed that the PCR amplicons of cyrB and CyrC were amplified in two toxic strains (CBP2 and CBP3), while the amplicons of both cyrB and cyrC were not observed in two remaining toxic strains. In addition, such abiotic factors as temperature and nutrients played major roles in the abundance of R. raciborskii. Moreover, the biovolume of R. raciborskii positively correlated with the CYN concentrations in the Buon Phong reservoir.
Relación de la calidad de sueño, adherencia al tratamiento, hemoglobina glucosilada en mujeres con diabetes
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Simental Oliva Ingrid Carolina , Baez Hernández Francisco Javier , Nava Navarro Vianet , Flores Merlo Marcela , Morales Nieto Arelia , Zenteno López Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2022

Introducción: La Diabetes Tipo 2 es considerado un problema de salud pública que afecta principalmente a las mujeres, que sumado a una mala adherencia al tratamiento terapéutico y, a una falta de calidad de sueño, aumentan la problemática de salud. Objetivo: Determinar las interrelaciones existentes entre la Calidad de Sueño, la Adherencia al Tratamiento Terapéutico y los valores de HbA1c en Mujeres con DT2, perteneciente a una comunidad de la ciudad de Puebla. Materiales y Métodos: El diseño del estudio fue de tipo descriptivo, correlacional y de corte transversal. La muestra se calculó con un nivel de significancia de .05, un coeficiente de correlación .30 y un poder estadístico del 90%, obteniendo una n=110. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: una cédula de datos personales, el Índice de calidad de sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI), el Cuestionario de Adherencia Terapéutica MBG (Martín-Bayarre-Grau) y el dispositivo Eclipse A1c. Resultados: Se encontró una relación negativa y significativa para la calidad de sueño con los niveles de HbA1c (rs=-.355; p=.001); no así para con la variable de adherencia al tratamiento terapéutico. Discusión: La información obtenida concuerda con otros estudios, al reafirmar de manera indirecta, las reacciones bioquimicas que ocurren durante la privación del sueño. Conclusiones: Los resultados descubiertos contribuyen al fortalecimiento científico de enfermería, orientando en la mejora de cuidados, que servirá para el diseño de intervenciones que favorezcan a la salud de las mujeres con Diabetes Tipo 2.
Hemorragia postparto: intervenciones y tratamiento del profesional de enfermería para prevenir shock hipovolémico
Authors:   Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Castiblanco Montañez Ruth Alexandra , Coronado Veloza Cyndi Mileni , Morales Ballesteros Laura Valentina , Polo González Tatiana Valentina , Saavedra Leyva Angie Julieth
Published: March 2022

Introducción: En Colombia la hemorragia postparto es la segunda causa de mortalidad en mujeres gestantes de 24 a 34 años con 6,9 casos por cada 1000 nacidos vivos. Después del parto se prevé que el 8.2% de las mujeres latinoamericanas presentarán hemorragia postparto. Objetivo: Describir el cuidado de enfermería a mujeres que presentan hemorragia postparto para disminuir el riesgo de shock hipovolémico, a través de una revisión integrativa de la literatura. Metodología: Revisión integrativa de la literatura siguiendo la propuesta por Sasso, de Campos y Galvão, se realizó una búsqueda en ClinicalKey, LILACS, CINAHL, Epistemonikos, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scielo y Google Scholar; se incluyeron artículos publicados en los últimos cinco años, en español, inglés y portugués, se clasificaron por nivel de evidencia y grado de recomendación. Esta investigación es de bajo riesgo por ser de tipo documental. Resultados: Se recopilaron 41 artículos definitivos. La información se organizó en: cuadro clínico, cuidados de enfermería y dificultades en la atención gineco-obstétrica. Discusión: El profesional de enfermería debe identificar barreras en la atención evaluando la capacidad resolutiva de las instituciones y analizando los casos de muerte materna. Se recomienda el uso de misoprostol con oxitocina o únicamente de carbetocina y la combinación de ergometrina con oxitocina según el volumen de sangrado. Conclusión: Es pertinente realizar un examen físico para reconocer signos de inestabilidad hemodinámica, y de shock hipovolémico. Además, los diagnósticos e intervenciones de enfermería se enfocan en brindar cuidados de calidad, para evitar complicaciones como la muerte.
Clinical and immunophenotypic aspects of common variable immunodeficiency in adults
Authors: Novikova I. A. , Prokopovich S. S. , Salivonchik A. P. , Romaniva O. A.
Published: March 2022

Features of expression of differentiation markers of peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied by flow cytofluorimetry in combination with clinical manifestations in 30 adult patients (12 men and 18 women, mean age 37.5±12.3 years) with the established diagnosis of сommon variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The examination of patients was carried out in the period of obvious absence of infectious and inflammatory diseases. It was found that the dominant immunophenotype in adult patients with СVID is an increase in the blood content of T cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD3+CD8+) with high expression of activation markers HLA- DR+ and CD38+ and a decrease in isotype-switched B lymphocytes IgD-27+ (in almost 100% of the examined individuals). The maximum degree of increase in the number of T killers was observed in patients with a low level of B lymphocytes (CD19+ less than 6%, p = 0.005) and a minimum concentration of IgG in the blood serum (less than 2 g/l, p = 0.02). The content of isotype-switched B cells correlated with the level of IgG, as well as the total concentration of serum immunoglobulins A, M and G (p = 0.02; p = 0.003). In adult СVID patients with the combined clinical phenotype “infectious syndrome + autoimmune disease”, the content of isotype-switched B lymphocytes, IgG and the total concentration of Ig in the blood is significantly lower (p = 0.04; p = 0.03 and p = 0.02), and activated T killers with HLA-DR+ and CD38+ expression are higher (p% = 0.01; rabs = 0.02 and p% = 0.004; rabs = 0.001, respectively) compared to patients with isolated infectious – inflammatory syndrome. We also found that among patients with the lowest number of isotype-switched IgD- 27+ B cells (less than 5%) and serum IgG concentration (less than 2 g/l), the incidence of lymphoproliferative syndrome is higher (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively). Thus, the low content of isotype-switched memory B lymphocytes in peripheral blood is most characteristic of patients with a more severe clinical phenotype of СVID.
Predictive model of small choroidal melanoma progression after eye-saving treatment based on clinical, morphometric and immunological parameters
Authors: Myakoshina E. B. , Kulikova I. G. , Balatskaya N. V. , Katargina L. A. , Saakyan S. V.
Published: March 2022

Choroidal melanoma is a malignant tumor characterized by early metastasis and poor vital prognosis. Prognostic indexes for the tumor development are of importance, depending on various factors and making it possible to optimize therapeutic measures. Usage of present models for prediction of the uveal melanoma course enables optimal management of the patients with a malignant tumor upon primary admission, and to perform maximally efficient counseling. So far, however, a complex of clinical, morphometric and immunological indexes predictive for unfavorable course of initial choroidal melanoma following the eye-saving treatment remains not fully determined. Our purpose was to create a prognostic model for initial choroidal melanoma after eye-saving treatment, basing on clinical, morphometric and immunological parameters.

We have performed examination and treatment of 31 patients with small choroidal melanoma (53.7 to 12.2 years old). To perform the analysis, we used clinical data (age, decreased vision, tumor localization, degree of pigmentation, presence of hemorrhages, orange pigmentation), morphometric indexes (intra- and subretinal exudate and disorganization of pigment of the retinal epithelium) and immunological parameters (serum levels of pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, proliferative, metastasis-causing cytokines). Selection of variables for this model was based on assessment of significant differences between the groups with chorio-retinal scar (n = 14) and residual tumor and/or continued tumor growth (n = 17).

Multivariate analysis with conditional exclusion of variables revealed prognostic significance with four markers: morphometric, i.e., disorganization of the pigment in retinal pigment epithelium – Z1 (rs = 0.455); immunological, increased blood serum concentration of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) – Z2 (rs = 0.377); level of pro-inflammatory chemokine RANTES – Z3 (rs = 0.362), content of transforming growth factor (TGF-2â) – Z4 (rs = 0.431). A formula was calculated where P (z) is the value of the logistic function; Z, linear combination of symptoms; bo , intercept (free term), bi – regression coefficients for parameters Zi.

P (z) = 1 : 1 + e – b0– b1z1– b2z2– b3z3– b4z4

The logistic function increases monotonically and takes the values from 0 to 1 for any b and Z values [P∈ (0;1)]. If P (Z) is under the cutoff value, chorioretinal scar prognosis is predicted, at the higher values, a residual tumor or continued growth is expected. In ROC analysis, the area under the curve with this model was 0.891±0.11, thus providing good predictive quality.

Usage of the predictive model is a possible solution for planning and correcting treatment strategy in the patients with small choroidal melanoma, in order to minimize complications and errors, and to ensure control of treatment.
Problematic questions in the development of specific prevention of dengue fever
Authors: Kazachinskaia E. I. , Shanshin D. V. , Scherbakov D. N. , Shestopalov A. M.
Published: March 2022

Dengue fever known from literary sources since the Qin dynasty (265-420) is caused in humans when bitten by Aedes mosquitoes infected with the dengue virus (DENV) and manifests as a flu-like disease. A feverish state can be accompanied by dyspeptic disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) and a rash. Approximately 1-2% of infections are clinically presented as the most severe form – it is dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS) leading to 500 thousand annual hospitalizations with a mortality rate of about 5% in endemic areas.

Four genetically removed DENV serotypes (1, 2, 3, and 4) are classified as different types of viruses within the same antigen complex and have almost identical epidemiological features. In 2013 a new serotype DENV-5 was isolated.

Until the 1980s in most geographical regions of the world where dengue fever was registered only one or two viral serotypes were detected as an etiological agent of the disease. Over time there is an increase in the cocirculation of four types of viruses which can serve as a key indicator of their global spread. As the “traces” of the four DENV species overlap more and more the threat of severe disease increases due to the phenomenon of antibody-dependent of infection when re-infected with a heterologous viral serotype.

Development of specific dengue fever prevention has been underway since 1944 (since the discovery of viral agents of this disease) but the first and so far only licensed in 2015 tetravalent vaccine-Dengvaxia developed by the French pharmaceutical company Sanofi Pasteur has been effective in varying degrees of protection against infection with each of the viral serotypes and in addition dangerous for previously seronegative people. Research aimed at obtaining a safe and effective vaccine is continuing. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies are a necessary tool for studying the antigenic structure of viral immunogens as base of prevention preparates against dengue fever.
Changes in Heart Rate, Muscle Temperature, Blood Lactate Concentration, Blood Pressure, and Fatigue Perception Following Jogging and Running: An Observational Study
Authors: Lim Junhyeong , Park HyeongJun , Lee Seunghee , Park Jihong
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: To report the magnitude of changes in heart rate, muscle temperature, blood lactate concentration, blood pressure, and fatigue perception after treadmill jogging and running.METHODS: Eleven healthy male adults (174±7 cm, 72±10 kg) visited the laboratory twice. After a 10-minute rest each visit, subjects performed a treadmill jog (maintaining a speed of 9 km/h at a 1% incline) or a treadmill run (initially 5 km/h at a 1% incline, belt speed, and incline increased by 1 km/h and 0.5% every minute; average speed of 9 km/h). Heart rate and muscle (gastrocnemius) temperature were recorded before, during, and after the treadmill jog/run. Blood lactate concentration, blood pressure, and fatigue perception were assessed before and after. The effect of the condition over time was analysed using parametric or nonparametric tests (p≤.05) with Cohen’s d effect sizes.RESULTS: There was a condition effect over time in heart rate (F1,30=22.16, p<.0001), blood lactate concentration (χ2=34.88, df=3, p<.0001), systolic blood pressure (F1,30=4.18, p=.05), and fatigue perception (F1,30=10.24, p=.003). Specifically, subjects who ran showed a higher heart rate (187 vs. 158 bpm, p<.0001, d=2.11), blood lactate concentration (11.4 vs. 3.8 mmol/L, p<.0001, d=3.39), systolic blood pressure (164 vs. 147 mmHg, p=.006, d=1.34), and fatigue perception (2.7 vs. 5.0 cm, p=.0005, d=1.46) than those who jogged. There was a time effect (F1,30=94.84, p<.0001) on muscle temperature, with a 1.5°C increase in muscle temperature after jogging/running (p<.0001, d=1.88).CONCLUSIONS: While treadmill jogging and running induced a similar temperature increase in the gastrocnemius, running resulted in higher heart rate, blood lactate concentration, systolic blood pressure, and fatigue perception. These results can be used as a basis for planning warm-up protocols.
The Effect of 8 Weeks of Online High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition, Blood Lipids, Cytokines, and Quality of Life in Overweight Men during the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Choi Dong-Hun , Hyun Ah-Hyun
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), using real-time video application programs, on the body composition, blood lipids, cytokines, and quality of life (QOL) of over-weight men.METHODS: The participants of this study were overweight men, aged <45 years, who voluntarily applied to the online notices for this study. The men had a body mass index (BMI) >28. Twenty people participated in this experiment and were divided into two groups: a HIIT group (n=10) and a control group (n=10). Both groups were pre-examined to determine body composition, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and QOL indices and also underwent blood tests. The HIIT group underwent high-intensity interval training for 8 weeks (twice a week and 35 minutes per day) using real-time video programs. The main exercise program for HIIT was 20 seconds high-intensity (85–90% HRmax) exercise followed by 30 seconds exercise at a 60% HRmax.RESULTS: Comparison and analysis of the effects observed before and after the exercise revealed that the real-time online HIIT group showed reduced body fat (F=5.690, p=.028). Results of the blood tests showed that the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL; F=24.584, p=.001) was increased, while the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL; F=24.963, p=.001), triglycerides (TG; F=7.295, p=.015;), and total cholesterol (TC; F=14.934, p=.001) levels were decreased. No significant effects were observed on the insulin and c-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Finally, the QOL test results showed that the total score of the HIIT group had increased (F=190.815, p=.001).CONCLUSIONS: Online HIIT is a useful method that aids in reducing fat levels in obese men and improving their blood lipid profile and QOL during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Effect of 4 Weeks of Moderate-Intensity Endurance Exercise and Lithium Administration on Blood Glucose Level in STZ-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Mice
Authors: Jung Su-Ryun
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term endurance exercise and lithium treatment on fasting blood glucose in rats with type 1 diabetes (T1DM).METHODS: Ten-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were induced with T1DM using streptozotocin (STZ) injection. They were then randomly assigned to five groups and treated for a total of 4 weeks. For lithium treatment, 10 mg/kg LiCl was orally administered once a day, 5 days a week, and endurance exercise was performed at 21 m/minutes for 60 minutes, 5 days a week. After four weeks of treatment, blood and the plantaris muscle were extracted under anesthesia, and blood glucose and biomolecular factors were analyzed.RESULTS: 4 weeks of moderate-intensity endurance exercise significantly reduced fasting blood glucose in T1DM mice, increased the expression of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle, and significantly decreased the expression of dynamin, a GLUT4 endocytosis-related factor. Endurance exercise significantly increased mitochondrial biosynthesis in the skeletal muscles and significantly reduced the expression of the MAPK family. However, no biochemical or physiological changes were associated with lithium alone or in combination.CONCLUSIONS: 4 weeks of moderate-intensity endurance exercise improves fasting blood sugar levels through positive changes in glycemic control factors in the skeletal muscle. However, lithium treatment has no resultant effect. These results are thought to have been influenced by the decrease in the expression of the MAPK family and the increase in mitochondrial biosynthesis by endurance exercise for 4 weeks. However, further research is required to establish a clear causal relationship.
The Fisherwomen of Fife History, Identity and Social Change
Authors: Chalmers Deirdre , Byron Reginald
Published: March 2022

In maritime households in the North Atlantic region, a number of ways have been devised for coping with the economic instability which arises from the household's reliance upon a resource that cannot be kept under direct human control. Depending upon the local labour-market opportunities, these coping strategies include the participation of women in a range of productive activities which augment, or stabilise income from the men's efforts at sea. The involvement of women in small-scale farming and fish-processing work has been well
documented in the literature; less well known are cases where women were migrant labourers for at least part of their careers, and where the successful establishment of a new household depended upon the migratory labour of women. The occupational patterns of women in the Fife Coast fishing villages, although they have now passed into history, continue to be important element in the sense or the past that local women have, and in the ideas they have about themselves in comparison with other women who do not share a fishing background.
The new and the relocated: non-native amphibians and reptiles in the continental US and Hawaii
Authors: Perry Gad
Published: March 2022

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