bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SPEEDA: A Secure Protocol and Energy Efficient for Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Wayzani Sarah , Diallo Chérif
Published: April 2019

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of a set of small and resources-constrained devices. They have received much attention over the last few years for the study and development of a plethora of potential applications. However, the common denominator of all applications of these sensor networks is the vulnerability of micro-sensors because of their limited material resources the most constraining of which is energy. In fact, wireless sensors are limited in terms of calculation, storage, battery, etc. Therefore, every possible solution that aims to conserve these resources is extensively sought. Thus, a great deal of researches has been conducted leading to an effective technique answering the established problem. This solution concerns the aggregation of data which is one of the techniques that is actually considered as an essential paradigm for sensor networks since it tends to save computation and communication resources. Data aggregation allows in-network processing which leads to lesser packet transmissions and reduces redundancy, and therefore, helps in increasing network’s overall lifetime. However, sensor networks are usually deployed in unattended and hostile environments.Thus, the designer should not only consider the limited resources of the sensor nodes but also the security threats that can occur in an easily accessible network to the attacker. In this paper, we will give an overview study of the existing data aggregation solutions in wireless sensor networks then, we will propose a new efficient and secure approach to aggregation which can be evaluated with specific criteria.
Analysis of magnetic fields on a levitating coaxial and non-coaxial aluminum disc
Authors: Narukullapati Bharath Kumar , Bhattacharya T K , P Jhansi Lakshmi
Published: April 2019

The electromagnetic field calculations for a levitating aluminum disc involve integro-differential equations and the solution of these equations is difficult to obtain using conventional techniques especially when the disc is coaxially away from the axis of the coils. Over the years many analytical, semi-analytical and numerical techniques have been proposed to calculate the magnetic fields on the disc when it is coaxial with the coils. In this paper, a mathematical formulation has been developed to obtain the magnetic fields on a conducting disc using a numerical technique at different positions of the levitation and for different disc discretization’s. The numerical technique developed here is based on Finite Difference Method. Since the magnetic fields on the disc are due to the coil currents and eddy currents in the disc, first a mathematical formulation is done to calculate fields due to exciting coil currents and then a numerical technique is used to calculate fields due to eddy currents on the disc. Also, the magnetic fields on the disc are calculated when the disc moves away from the axis of the coil. A MATLAB program is developed to calculate these fields.
A Study on Photoneutrons Generated in a Linear Accelerator Head using GEANT4
Authors: Ko Junho , Ang Kim Yoon S , . .
Published: April 2019

Medical linear accelerators use high energy for treatment of deeply located tumors. However, linear accelerators using energy above 6 MeV are likely to cause photoneutron contamination. In this paper, we analyzed photoneutrons generated in a linear accelerator head using GEANT4 (GEometry ANd Tracking) simulation. From the simulation results, it was confirmed that the generation of photoneutrons increases in the linear accelerator head as higher the energy of the electron beam.
Evaluation of Separating Process for Different Materials by Thermal Stress Cleaving Technique
Authors: Mohd Saman Alias , Furumoto Tatsuaki , . .
Published: April 2019

This paper aims to evaluate the separating process of brittle materials by thermal stress cleaving technique. This process is suitable for separating thin brittle materials such as sapphire and silicon wafer, which are sensitive to force.  Both materials were used largely in microelectronics, solar cells and micro-mechanical industries that require precise machining. Finite element method was used to evaluate a steady state thermal stress by considering the temperature transient during laser irradiation process. The heat source was assigned according to the laser energy absorption characteristics of the materials. Stress intensity factor was analyzed to determine the starts of separation process. The results show that CO2 laser energy was absorbed on the surface of the sapphire material as compared proportionated absorption of Nd:YAG laser energy on silicon material. Due to thermal stress generated by the laser beam, material separation was start. Fracture begins at the bottom surface of sapphire wafer compared to fracture initiation at the prepared groove for silicon wafer. The material separation can be controlled when it begins at the groove. Hence, better surface finished can be achieved.
Slope Stability Analysis of Granitic Residual Soil Using SLOPE/W, Resistivity and Seismic
Authors: Omar RC , Baharuddin INZ , Taha Hairin , Roslan R. , NK Hazwani , MF Muzad
Published: April 2019

There are many factors that influence slope failure such as natural disasters and human activities. Amongst the major causes are the rise of groundwater and infiltration of prolonged and antecedent rainfalls. Together with its geographical condition; high lands and mountains, Malaysia is prone to have landslides especially at the Main Range area where most of the soil is residual soil. This study investigated a slope which had a history of landslide due to circular failure landslide using Slope/W, resistivity and seismic surveys to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the on-site materials. Based on the resistivity survey, the existence of groundwater level has been detected at a depth of 10.0 m from the ground level. Seismic analysis showed that the subsurface area was made up of Weathered Granite Grade VI (sandy soil) which is loose to medium dense. SLOPE/W analysis showed that the factor of safety (FOS) was 0.186 which was unstable for slope stability condition. The assessment showed that the slope condition is still not stable despite slope stabilization measurement using cement grouting. It is proposed that erosion control measures on the slope surface should be implemented to prevent recurrent of slope failure and to ensure slope stability.
Application of Synthetic Filters from Polypropylene in Diesel Locomotive Oil Systems to Improve the Efficiency of Cleaning Engine Oil
Authors: Babanin Oleksandr , Butskiy Oleksandr , Kovalenko Oleksandr , Maksimov Maksym
Published: April 2019

The questions of application of synthetic materials as filtering, in oil systems of internal combustion engines are considered in the article. In existing oil systems, diesel engines of internal combustion use filtering elements that provide limited protection of oil systems from particles of potentially dangerous dimensions and, therefore, wear. They are not designed to work for a long service life with the higher level of oil purity required at the present time. The urgency of these issues is caused by the need to improve the quality of engine oil cleaning and, as a consequence, to increase the reliability of the engine. The use of filter elements made of porous, fibrous polypropylene is proposed. Which, according to the results of the experiment, will allow to extend the service life of the filter elements and improve the quality of their operation.
Identification of Axle-Box Bearing Faults of Freight Cars Based on Minimum Entropy Deconvolution and Squared Envelope Spectra
Authors: Mykhalkiv Serhii , Ravlyuk Vasyl , Khodakivskyi Andrii , Bereznyi Viktor
Published: April 2019

Purpose: To improve the performance of vibration spectral methods in identification of bearing element faults of freight car axle-boxes.Approach: An algorithm for simulating the expected vibration signal of outer race bearing was implemented. The autoregressive filter and minimum empirical deconvolution method was applied to identify the ball pass outer-race fault frequency and its harmonics on the envelope spectra and squared envelope spectra which were extracted in the proper frequency band.Results: The simulated vibration signal of a faulty bearing shows suitability of the autoregressive filter and minimum empirical deconvolution method, envelope and squared envelope spectra for outer race fault identification. There were observed a lower amount of features and their impulse sharpness in outer race faults in the bearing test rig than on the spectra in the wheelset test rig.Conclusions: The deterministic components are removed in the residual signal after using the AR filter and the impulse and noise components that decrease the kurtosis value remain in it. The MED technique additionally enhances the magnitude of increased BPFO components after using the AR filter and, together with it, provides satisfied performance and increases the efficiency of vibration diagnostics.
Implementation of Automated Electronic Payment Control System with the Use Of Wireless Technologies for Fare Tariffing in Public Transport
Authors: О. Boiko Y , О. Korol S , L.Khorolskiy V , M. Kantemyrova R , O. Vdovychenko V
Published: April 2019

Purpose of the study. Implementation of automated electronic payment control system with the use of wireless technologies while urban transportation.Methods: The article describes the main characteristic of automated electronic payment control system (AEPCS) and proposes the stages of its implementation at the transport enterprise in order to ensure full control over the transportation process and cost estimates.Results: The use of the proposed automated payment control system will provide transport companies with control over the rolling stock operation, the number of passengers using this system, and load capacity of routes which enable the most efficient operation of vehicles on the line. The proposed kind of control can be carried out directly through the transport company’s database. For passengers, this system is easy to use, because having only a mobile phone or a smart card it is easy to pay for travel and control the amount of travel expenses for a certain period of time. At present, the software is in the final stage of testing and has positive results of the tests conducted.
Development of Rational Rail Network Topology for High-Speed and Conventional Trains Based on Bacterial Foraging Optimization
Authors: Panchenko Sergii , Butko Tatyana , Prokhorchenko Аndrii , Parkhomenko Larisa , Zhurba Oleg
Published: April 2019

Development of projects on higher speeds of passenger trains on the world railways requires investigation into the balanced combination of routes for high-speed and conventional trains considering railway network topology. The objective of the study is consideration of railway network peculiarities regarding transportation demand by designing a mathematical model to find an optimal passenger train flow distribution. In order to formalize the process of a simultaneous search for the rail passenger network topology and determination of the most probable distribution within the formed train flow network for high-speed and conventional trains it has been proposed to use a criterion as a system entropy adapted to the rail passenger-oriented transportation. The concept of entropy is based on isomorphism in systems, which allows monitoring and implementing the link between a micro and macro level in the passenger transportation system. To solve the mathematical model the authors have used an optimization method based on Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO). The implementation of the mathematical model based on BFO will make it possible to theoretically substantiate the efficiency of existing and promising projects on higher speeds of passenger trains on the rail transport regarding adaptation of the network topology to transportation demand.
Development of the Method of Formation of the Architecture of the Innovation Program in the System "Universityâ€“Stateâ€“Business"
Authors: Piterska Varvara , Rudenko Sergey , Shakhov Anatoliy
Published: April 2019

We investigated the mechanisms of increase of efficiency of innovative activity on the basis of methodology of management of projects and programs of sustainable development on the basis of the GPM Global P5 standard as well as the triple helix model "Universityâ€“Stateâ€“Business". This method takes into account the current trends of program and project management of innovation. The mechanism of target distribution for universities 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 is investigated. Suggested model of the innovation program management is based on the model of the triple helix interaction and allows to take into account the interests of all groups of stakeholders. The mechanism of formation of the mission of the innovation program, which allows to determine the strategic goals of the innovation program participants, namely â€“ the competitiveness of the University for higher education institutions, the quality of life of the population for the state and the profit for business. The method of formation of the architecture of the innovation program in the system "Universityâ€“Stateâ€“Business" has been developed with the integration of the interests of all participants of the program. The method of creating an office of management of the innovation program is proposed taking into account the model of the architecture of the innovation program.Â Â
Improvement of the Organizational Technological Model of the Route Made Up of the Groups of Cars of Different Owners
Authors: Panchenko S. , Ohar O. , Kuleshov V. , Kutsenko M. , Kuleshov A.
Published: April 2019

A route made up of the groups of cars of differentÂ owners can beÂ formed in accordance with the technological processes of the station operation by the transport operator, by the operator that owns the rolling stock, by structural or production units of the railways on the access tracks or on the station tracks which are leased by the branch railway lines to cargo owners. RouteÂ optimisationÂ uses an estimation function that determines the routing cost based on the automatic operating system data bases and enables to control routing efficiency and other characteristics used further in making a route table with defining function costs. The technology of cargo transport logistic services with the operation sequence starting from the moment of arrival of empty and loadedÂ cars is proposed. A model for determining cost savings in transportation of the route with bulk cargoes from a consignor as a two-stage model of stochastic programming with recursion and random right-hand sides of the restrictions at the Ukrainian railways is proposed.Â
Evaluation of the Reliability of Transport Service of Logistics Chains
Authors: Vojtov Viktor , Berezchnaja Natalija , Kravcov Andrey , Volkova Tetiana
Published: April 2019

The article presents the analysis of approaches connected with solving the problems of increasing the effectiveness of managing the processes of goods movement in the supply chains. The attention has been focused on estimating the qualitative component of transport services, and that is the reliability index. The approaches focused on improving the efficiency of providing transport services have been studied. The main parameters influencing the reliability of transport and logistics services are identified: time, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the goods, as well as the financial component â€“ the cost of the provided transport service. A new methodical approach to estimating the reliability of goods flows in the supply chains is proposed. It is based on the main principles of the theory of automatic regulation and the determination of the reliability of technical systems. A complex index of reliability of transport services of logistics chains is offered: the readiness coefficient and the technical use coefficient. On the basis of structural and parametric identification of the dynamic model of the logistic system of goods transportation, the considered approach allows identifying a large number of constructive and technological parameters which affect the movement of goods flows in the supply chains. The results of the simulation allow one to analyze the influence of the time constant Â which characterizes the response time of the links in the transport and logistics system, that is, the ability of the transport service participant not to respond to any external influences, and the influence of the time constant Â which is responsible for delays, non-productive time losses occurring during the delivery of the goods, on the dynamics of the transitional processes of the goods flow movement for each link in the supply chains. The elaborated method allows developing managing actions aimed at improving the quality of transport services.Â
Estimation of Credibility of the Results of Measuring Temperature within Specimens of Wood Columns Obtained During Fire Tests
Authors: Feshchuk Yurii , Pozdieiev Serhii , Zmaga Yana , Novhorodchenko Alina
Published: April 2019

Analysis of the results of experimental studies of wood columns mode of behaviour both having fire retardant coating based on OSB slabs and without any coating under standard time â€“ temperature curve fire conditions was realized. An assumption was made that thermocouple wires could be positioned along isotherm at a distance of at least50 mmfrom measuring thermojunctions (otherwise disturbance of the structure of isotherm itself possible). Due to specific features of thermocouples positioning within the specimen, this assumption calls in question of credibility of the obtained results of temperature indices measuring. Bearing this in mind we prepared calculation scheme of the specimen of wood column under study. We have composed finite elements scheme of specimen under study for heat engineering calculations. We simulated temperature distributions within the wood column specimen section at various moments of time and substantiated the obtained results. It was revealed in the course of the study conducted that the obtained results were adequate for relative error was as small as ca. 4.5% and Fisher test did not exceed appropriate tabulated value. Thus, assumption made does not affect in general credibility of the results of measuring thermal values within the layers of specimens obtained during fire tests.Â
The Heat Exchange Mathematical Model of Fire in Cable Tunnel Adequacy Research
Authors: Nuianzin Oleksandr , Samchenko Taras , Kasiarum Serhii , Hryhorenko Kostiantyn , Kryshtal Mykola
Published: April 2019

According to the results of the conducted studies, the adequacy of the mathematical models of cable tunnels for their further use in the study of the temperature regime of the fire was checked. For this purpose, fullâ€“scale tests and findings about the dynamics of temperature change in cable tunnels with known geometrical parameters and fire load were conducted at the experimental test site of the Ukrainian Civil Protection Research Institute (Kyiv).In one of the CFD software systems, a mathematical model of a cable tunnel similar to the actual one was created. A computational experiment was conducted. Based on the results of the computational experiment and field tests, the criteria for adequacy (Student's tâ€“criterion, Cochran's Qâ€“criterion, Fisher's Fâ€“criterion) and the relative error of the experiments were calculated. On the basis of the analysis, the adequacy of the used mathematical models was studied.In this article, further development of the use of computational experiments to study the heat and mass exchange processes during fires in cable tunnels.Â Â
The Use of Heat From the Incineration of Municipal Solid Waste for Processing of Phosphogypsum
Authors: Krot Olga , Vinnichenko Varvara , . .
Published: April 2019

Municipal landfills and open dumps with industrial waste are global issues which impact on the environment and on the health of populations. The production of phosphoric acid from natural phosphate rock gives rise to an industrial by-product called phosphogypsum, containing mainly dihydrated gypsum. Five tons of phosphogypsum are generated per ton of phosphoric acid production. The technology of roasting of phosphogypsum in a dehydrator, which is a mine, has been described in the article. Such reprocessing of the waste makes it possible to obtain a ready-made high-quality building material. The development of a complex that processes wet and highly adhesive phosphogypsum using the heat of combustion of alternative fuel (municipal waste) is consistent with the synergetic concept of environmentally efficient utilization. Experimental studies identify the most rational parameters of the dehydrator, namely, its operating temperature, have been conducted. The temperature of a heat carrier (air) varied from175 Â°Cto350 Â°Cin the experiment.Â Â
Improvement of the Concept of the Image of the Enterprise for the Account of Social-Ecological Public Effects
Authors: Dergousova Alla , Elagin Yuriy , Chebanova Oksana
Published: April 2019

The concept of enterprise image and social responsibility has been studied. It has been proved that in the global civilized business environment, it is necessary to rely on moral and social aspects to achieve competitive advantages and consumer loyalty. It has been identified that the formation of a sustainable image of an enterprise is the readiness of the company to be responsible to society, namely, to care for the environment, the health of consumers, and for observing their consumer and civil rights. It has been found out that the creation of the company's image is also influenced by environmental responsibility of the enterprise. The experience in implementation of social and environmental responsibility at the enterprises of the European Union has been analyzed. The concept of the company's image is improved due to the scientific justification for the need to introduce social and environmental components as weighty factors affecting the corporate strategy. This will make it possible to increase the competitiveness and image of the enterprise, to form a high level of loyalty to the enterprise's products in a consumer’s mind.
Development potential of Ukrainian maritime enterprises
Authors: Kibik Olha , Khaiminova Iuliia , Kotlubay Viacheslav , Redina Ievgeniia , Belous Ekaterina
Published: April 2019

The object of the article is research investigation of the development potential of modern maritime industry, including the financial component as essential prerequisites for competitive advantages of modern maritime business-structures in terms of the intensity growth of competition. The components of potential development of maritime transport enterprises are determined. The principles of assessing the potential maritime business enterprise are examined, including its financial component, based on the calculation system of indicators. The financial potential of the Ukrainian Sea Ports Authority is analyzed. The influence of the quality of the pricing decisions on the level of development potential of port enterprises as an important component of the maritime industry of Ukraine is determined. The state and prospects of the development of a national system of port dues is reviewed. The measures to improve the quality of pricing decisions at the example of activities of port enterprises, particularly in the sphere of port dues forming, are proposed. The expediency of introducing incentive tariff approach, which is a prerequisite for attracting additional investments to build and modernize maritime transport infrastructure is established. The basic set of criteria for evaluating strategies of development of maritime transport enterprises is determined.Â Â
Research of the Problems of Financial Support for the Development of Transport Infrastructure in Kharkiv Region
Authors: Bogdan N , Pohasii S , Krasnokutska I
Published: April 2019

The purpose of the article is revealing the problems of development of transport infrastructure of the region from the financial standpoint, analysing modern approaches to the development of transport infrastructure at the regional level and the financial aspects of its support.It was found that public entities and local authorities have difficulties in financing development of transport infrastructure by state structures and local self-government bodies without any support. It was determined that Kharkiv region is one of the regions with the most developed transport infrastructure, which comprises railways, auto transport, and aviation. The region has a developed system of public transportation. It was justified that in order to maintain and develop the infrastructure of Kharkiv region, the strategic directions of the development of the region should be defined and the plan should be developed to attract investment which will have positive influence on the economy of the region. A number of measures must be taken for solving the problems of the transport infrastructure in Kharkiv region, but these activities require investment in the transport industry that cause difficulties in recessionary environments.The set of targets for solving the problems of funding the development of transport infrastructure of Kharkiv region in the context of the Ukrainian National transport strategy for the period up to 2030 has been developed. The comparative description of sources of financing has been considered. As the results, the best option of financing the transport infrastructure has been selected as the combination of budget resources and other sources of funding (funds from international financial organisations, state guarantee loans, funds of investors, PPP). Detailed elaboration of such a mechanism should be the subject of further research in this area.Â Â
Impact of Ag-Doped on the Ferromagnetic-Metallic Transition in Pr0.75Na0.25mno3 Manganites
Authors: Khairulzaman N , Ibrahim N , Shamsuddin S
Published: April 2019

Monovalent doped Pr0.75Na0.25-yAgyMnO3 (y = 0â€“0.10) manganite have been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) as well as DC electrical resistivity and AC susceptibility measurement to clarify the influence of Ag- doped on charge ordering (CO) state. XRD analysis revealed all samples consists of essentially single phase and crystallized in an orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma. SEM images of Pr0.75Na0.25-yAgyMnO3 compound shows the successful substitution of Ag+ ions with the enhancement of the grains boundaries and sizes as well as the compaction of particles. On the other hand, resistivity and susceptibility measurements showed that the y = 0 sample exhibits insulating behavior and anti-ferromagnetic. Interestingly, the ferromagnetic-metallic transition was observed for y = 0.05 due to the revival of double-exchange (DE) mechanism as a result of weakening the Jahn-Teller effect which caused the CO state to be weakened. However, increasing of Ag-doped up to y = 0.10 induce back its transition into anti-ferromagnetic insulating behavior suggestively due to the weakening of DE mechanism.
Assessment of Storm Water Quality in Grass Swale by Using Sand Filter Media: a Case Study at UTHM Campus
Authors: Yusoff Mohd. Azlan B. Mohd , Gheethi Adel Al- , Dzain Daniel Aizat B.
Published: April 2019

Urbanization in Malaysia has contributed to the increased of volume runoff to the drainage system. SUDS (Sustainable Urban Drainage System) / MSMA (Manual Saliran Mesra Alam) has been implement in Malaysia within several of components. Hence, swale is one of the designed and suggested by SUDS or MSMA in order to control the quantity and quality storm water runoff. The present study aimed to determine the quality of storm water runoff in swale and to analyse storm water runoff treatment using sand column as a part of filtration process.Â  Water quality parameters tested included COD, BOD5, DO and TSS. The samples was test with sand column on D30, D60, D90 and DMIX. The results revealed that sand column improved the water quality by 4% to 80%. In conclusion, the sand column can be used to improve the storm water quality and can enhance the natural habitat.
Mechanical Properties of the Concrete Containing Porcelain Waste as Sand
Authors: Jamal Mohammed , Noh Mohammad Zaky , Juboor Shihab Al- , Wan Mohd Haziman Bin , Takai Zakiyyu Ibrahim
Published: April 2019

The demand of concrete have been increases on a daily bases which consume a lot of natural resource such as sand and gravel,Â  there is an immediate need for finding suitable alternative which can be used to replace sand partially with another materials with high proportion . Ceramic waste is one of the strongest research areas that include the activity of replacement in all the sides of construction materials. This research aims to improve the performance of concrete using ceramic waste, and demonstrate the performance of mechanical properties to the concrete with partial replacement of sand by using waste porcelain. For these, we analyzed the mechanical properties of the concrete such as compressive strength, split tensile and flexural strength, the specimen were measured based on 10% ,20% ,30% ,40%, and 50% weight ratio of replace sand with waste porcelain at different time under water for 7 days , 28 days , 60 days . The optimum consideration were given to mechanical properties of the concrete, at different amount of ceramic waste as sand.
Effect of Annealing Temperature of Cugao2 thin Films by Using RF Magnetron Sputtering Technique on Optical and Structural Properties
Authors: Yip Lam Wai , Alias Afishah , Awang Asmahani Binti , Rahman Abu Bakar Bin Abd , Mohamad Khairul Anuar Bin , Nayan Nafarizal Bin , Pien Chee Fuei , Abdullah Siti Ashraf
Published: April 2019

Cu-based conductive oxide such as CuGaO2 is seen to be a promising transparent p-type oxide material. The study of p-type semiconductor CuGaO2 thin films have been carried out to investigate the effects of different parameters in providing the optimum result in achieving good optical transparency and conductivity of the thin film. The CuGaO2 thin films were fabricated on quartz substrate via the Radio Frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique with varying substrate temperatures and different annealing temperatures. The p-type thin films were deposited at a temperature ranging from room temperature, 100Â°C, 200Â°C and 300Â°C. The samples were also annealed varying from temperature of 500Â°C, 600Â°C, 700Â°C and 800Â°C. The fabricated sample were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy, and atomic force microscope (afm). XRD showed a peak at 2Î¸ = 36.10Â° (012). The optical transparency values achieved from UV-Vis spectrometer were seen to be approximately 80% and the bandgaps were found to be in the range of 3.34-3.43 eV which is in line with the bandgap value from the research on CuGaO2 thin films.Â  From the afm, the mean surface roughness increases with increasing temperature and this is due to the increment of grain size. The highest grain size was observed at substrate temperature of 200Â°C.
Model-Building of Multiple Binary Logit using Model Averaging
Authors: Padzil Siti Aisyah Mohd , Pillay Khuneswari Gopal , Salleh Rohayu Mohd
Published: April 2019

Many researchers had been carried out on the study of statistical modelling, making it easier for new researchers in many sectors (social sciences, economics, medical, and etc.) to obtain knowledge in order to ease their research study. Nevertheless, there is still no agreed guidelines in obtaining the best model for multiple binary logit (MBL) using model averaging (MA). This research will demonstrate the proper guidelines to obtain best MBL model by using MA. Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed (UGIB) data were studied to illustrate the process of model-building using the proposed guidelines. This study will pinpoint the factors with high possibility leading to mortality of UGIB patients using obtained best model. Corrected Akaike Information Criteria (AICc) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) were used to compute the weights in model averaging method. The performance of the models was computed by using Root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Model obtained by using BIC weights showed a better performance since the RMSE and MAE values are lower compared to model obtained using AICc weights. The factors that affects the survivability of UGIB patients are shock score, comorbidity and rebleed. In conclusion, model-building of multiple binary logit using model averaging showed a better performance when using BIC.
Implementation of Resonant and Passive Lossless Snubber Circuits for DC-DC Boost Converter
Authors: Kasiran A.N. , Ponniran A. , Bakar A. A. , Yatim M.H. , Noor M. K. R. , Jumadril J.N.
Published: April 2019

This paper presents the comparison of resonant and passive lossless snubber circuits implementation for DC-DC boost converter to achieve soft-switching condition. By applying high switching frequency, the volume reduction of passive component can be achieved. However, the required of high switching frequency cause the switching loss during turn-ON and turn-OFF condition. In order to reduce the switching loss, soft-switching technique is required in order to reduce or eliminate the losses at switching devices. There are various of soft-switching techniques can be considered, either to reduce the switching loss during turn-ON only, or turn-OFF only, or both. This paper discusses comparative analyses of resonant and passive lossless snubber circuits which applied in the DC-DC boost converter structure. Based on the simulation results, the switching loss is approximately eliminated by applying soft-switching technique compared to the hard-switching technique implementation. The results show that the efficiency of resonant circuit and passive lossless snubber circuit are 82.99% and 99.24%, respectively. Therefore, by applying passive lossless snubber circuit in the DC-DC boost converter, the efficiency of the converter is greatly increased. Due to the existing of an additional capacitor in soft-switching circuit, it realizes lossless operation of DC-DC boost converter.
The Performance of Earth Retention Pond Water Retain Capability Using Geotechnical Properties Evaluation
Authors: Abidin Mohd Hazreek Zainal , Adnan Mohd Shalahudin , Madun Aziman , Talib Mohd Khaidir Abu , Kamarudin Ahmad Fahmy , Ismail Mohd Ashraf Mohamad , Ishak Mohd Fakhrurrazi
Published: April 2019

Development of a new modern housing areas has demand a retention pond for recreation activity and landscaping purposes. This study deals with the evaluation of water retain ability of a new retention pond from the soil condition perspective. Geotechnical laboratory testing was performed via particle size distribution, Atterberg limits and permeability to assess the retention pond soil condition. All the experiment was performed according to British Standard 1377 (1990). It was found that soil tested has been dominated by fine particles which ranged at 30.84 â€“ 60.88 % compared to the coarse particles (sand and gravel). Atterberg limits results has found that all soil tested has a liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL) and plasticity index (PI) that was varied at 29 â€“ 74 %, 16.9 â€“ 33.6 % and 17 â€“ 40.4 % respectively representing its promising water retain capability. Moreover, permeability result founds that all values of permeability coefficient, k was ranged at 3.11 x 10-4 â€“ 5.65 x 10-7 cm/s thus conclude that all soil tested has low to very low degree of permeability. Finally, retention pond of a new development area has been evaluated directly according to its soil condition thus provide some valuable information to the responsible parties regarding the future planning and decision making of the sustainable catchment areas.
Effects of Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser on Pt/Ag Thin Film Metal Contacts
Authors: Bhari Bibi Zulaika , Ali Ahmad Hadi
Published: April 2019

This study focused on the effect of laser annealing on Pt/Ag metal contacts deposited on Silicon, (Si) substrates. DC sputtering was used to deposit the metal thin films on the Si. The samples were treated by annealing using pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Then, the samples were characterized based on its morphological, optical, structural and electrical properties. From surface morphological, it is clearly shown that the surface roughness of the laser annealed sample is smoother than the as-deposited sample. The calculated energy band gap was obtained as 1.38 eV. For electrical properties, the resistivity for laser anneal was lower compared to as-deposited sample, which are Â Â Â Â 5.10 Ã— 10-4 ohm-cm and 1.37 Ã— 10-3 ohm-cm respectively. The conductivity increases when the resistivity decreases.
A Comparative Study of Single-tooth and Multi-tooth Stator of 4S-8P Permanent Magnet FSM for Electric Bicycle Application
Authors: Jusoh Laili Iwani , Sulaiman Erwan , Omar M. Fairoz , Soomro Hassan Ali
Published: April 2019

This paper present a comparative study of single-tooth and multi-tooth stator of 4S-8P permanent magnet Flux Switching Machine (FSM) for electric bicycle application. Detailed comparison of the performance characteristics of the machines are presented that include important issues such as average torque, volume of PM, back-EMF and speed performance. For a fair comparison, the valid stator slot and rotor combinations is same dimension and analyzed using finite element analysis, and the one among of the design has the best electromagnetic performance is selected. On the basis of the investigation, it can be concluded that the single-tooth design of proposed permanent magnet FSM for a single phase 4S-8P topology has presented higher torque performance compared to multi-tooth design. However, since design of single-tooth exhibits a higher back-EMF, Design optimization and improvement structural is ongoing to achieve the best performance.
Design and Performances of Multi-Tooth Stator Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine for Light Weight Applications
Authors: Omar M. F. , Sulaiman E. , Jusoh L. I. , Othman S. M. N. S. , Badrudden S. A. L. S.
Published: April 2019

Permanent magnet flux switching machines (PMFSMs) in which their torque performance produced by interaction between armature coils and permanent magnet (PM) have been widely designed for various applications. In this regard, single-phase 8Slots-12Poles PMFSM with single tooth stator is considered the most suitable candidate for light weight applications because of their advantages of lower copper loss, high efficiency and robust rotor. However, issues of low torque performance due to weak flux linkage, high of PM volume, and high distortion in back-emf that need to be improved. In this paper, a new design of single-phase PMFSM using multi-tooth stator is proposed. Both PMFSMs have been designed using JMAG Designer version 15 and analysed through 2D-FEA. Parameters of stator outer radius, rotor outer radius, air gap, and stack length are set to 37.5mm, 22mm, 0.25mm, and 20.3mm, respectively. Based on the 2D-FEA, PM flux linkage and torque performances of the PMFSM using multi-tooth are 5 times and 38% higher than PMFSM using single-tooth. As a conclusion, single-phase 4Slot-12Poles PMFSM using multi-tooth stator considered as the best candidate for light weight applications due to the less PM volume, and good performances of toque, power and based speed of 1.44Nm, 219W, 1,062rpm, respectively.
Performance Characteristics of Head-Worn Antenna based on Dielectric Substrate Over WBAN Application
Authors: Mumin Abdul Rashid .O. , Alias R. , Abdullah Jiwa , Abdulhasan Raed A , Dahlan Samsul Haimi , Joret Ariffuddin
Published: April 2019

Performance characteristics of head-worn antenna based on dielectric substrate for WBAN application with various dielectric constant for square slot patch antenna are demonstrated in this paper. The impact of Electromagnetic (EM) energy from antenna towards human head and on antenna performance changes due to human head proximity are explored in this paper. The human head exposed to 5.8 GHz on ISM frequency band and radiation pattern, return loss, efficiency, and bandwidth and SAR distribution value performance have been thoroughly explored. However, decreasing the antenna size is a great topic ‎of antenna development, which differentiates antenna performance for a small antenna. Multilayered human head phantom having five layers are constructed based on different tissues and these tissues represent human head parts such as (Skin, fat, Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), bone and brain), all of each tissues are based on their electromagnetic properties and set at 5.8GHz.The proposed antenna with human head model simulated through (FDTD) using CST and variation of parameters of antenna with MATLAB.  Antenna with FR4 substrate produces the highest SAR values while antenna with RT5880 substrate has the lowest SAR value 0.206 W/kg and 0.0784 W/kg at 5.8 GHz frequency exposed for 10g tissue respectively. It can be observed that the radiation pattern shows that the antenna gain with substrate of Rogers RT5880 is increased from front –to-back from 7.1 to 7.29 dB in the free space and on human head respectively. A good agreement between simulation and measurements in free space are obtained. The presented prototype has a potential to work for ISM applications.
Analysis of Golfer‘S Brainwave Signal During Par Tee Ireland and Driving Range Game
Authors: M Yusof, M.M. , M Salleh, S. , Y Ainul, H.M. , A Siswanto, W. , .W Mahmud, W.M.A
Published: April 2019

Ways to improve sport performance become exceptional contemporary interest. Nowadays, many studies use human brain as an input signal include eyes blinking, attention and meditation to control the exchange process. Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) requires generating control signals for external device by analysing the internal brain signal. The objective is to identify the signal of brainwave which gives effect to performance of golfer. The analysis involved the meditation (α) and attention (β) state of different golf players. In this project, the brainwave of golfer’s will be analyzed based on the movement before club strike the ball. EEG signal used to find out the features by using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The analysis included three categories of player include beginner, intermediate and professional. Two types of game have been considered which are Par Tee Ireland and Driving Range. The project interfaces MATLAB software with an EEG headset. The data has interpreted in time and frequency domain graph that show different level in an attention (β) state for both games. Brainwave signals indicated players’ performance and lead to better performance. This data benefits increasing the performance of golfer to become the professional golfer by using electroencephalography (EEG) headset in future study.
Preliminary studies of 12S-8P and 12S-14P Hybrid-Excited Flux Switching Machine with FEC in radial direction by using JMAG-designer software
Authors: Rahimi S. Khalidah , Ahmad Md. Zarafi , Sulaiman Erwan , Othman Syed M. Naufal Syed , Soomro Hassan Ali
Published: April 2019

In this paper, design analysis of Hybrid- Excited Flux Switching Machine (H-EFSM) with 12Slot-8Pole (12S-8P) and 12Slot-14Pole (12S-14P) topologies are presented. H-EFSM  has  been introduced in which  the advantage  of  Permanent  Magnet  (PM)  machines  and  DC  Field Excitation Coil (FEC) synchronous machines is combined. H-EFSM  design proposed less permanent magnet consumption, high to torque/power density and high efficiency. In recent, most of H-EFSM having FEC arranged  in  theta  direction  that affect in flux production which cause less flux generation and machines performances.  Therefore, a design of 12S-8P and 12S-14P H-EFSM with FEC arranged in radial direction is proposed to prevent flux cancellation and produce high flux linkage. Performance analysis of 12S-8P and 12S-14 H-EFSM such as PM flux, induced voltage, cogging torque and flux distribution are investigated by 2-D Finite Element Analysis (2D-FEA). A design with 12S-14P configuration has achieved the higher torque and power with 220.15Nm and  92.45kW, respectively at maximum field and armature current density
Forecasting Modelling of Cockles in Malaysia by Using Time Series Analysis
Authors: Aziz Hani Nabihah , Rusiman Mohd Saifullah , Razali Siti Noor Asyikin Mohd , Abdulla Abdul Wahab , Azmi Nur Amira
Published: April 2019

Cockle farmed in Malaysia are from Anadara genes and Arcidae family which known as blood cockle. Normally, it was found in the farmed around mangrove estuary areas in the muddy and sandy shores. This study aims to predict the production of cockle to ensure sure the cockle supplies are synchronised with the demand. Then, based on the demand, the prediction result could be used to make decision either to import or export the cockle. The data were taken from the Department of Fisheries Malaysia (DFM) and it has cyclic pattern data. There are two methods used in this study which are Holt-Linear method and Auto regressive moving average (ARMA). In determining the best fitted model between the two methods, the mean square error (MSE) values will be compared and the lowest value of MSE will assign as the best model. Result shows that ARMA(1,1) is the best model compared to Holt-Linear. Therefore, ARMA(1,1) model will be used to forecast the production of cockle in Malaysia.
A Heuristic Local Search Algorithm for Improving Cluster and Routing Stability in Sensor Networks
Authors: Manoharan L. , Ezil Sam Leni A.
Published: April 2019

Route selection using optimal nodes in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a prominent task to improve network performance without deterioration. Intrinsic characteristics of the node, network traffic are some of the reason where routing algorithms fail to prove their consistency. In such cases, the conventional routing schemes must be equipped with additional network management features to retain network performance. This manuscript proposes a Heuristic Local Search (HLS) algorithm for improving routing efficiency of WSN. This search algorithm is backboned by clustering process; the cluster head is elected by satisfying balanced network metrics: energy and distance. Congestion preventive routing considers the same objective function in selecting an outside intermediate node that mitigates packet loss due to congestion. Implication of similar objective function under different constraints streamlines routing and prolongs the operation period of the cluster head. The process of the proposed HLS is evaluated using extensive simulation for the metrics: throughput, network lifetime, cluster head changes, energy utilization and packet loss ratio.
Performance Evaluation of G2T FSO Link Under Various Weather Conditions
Authors: A. Mabrouk Wafi , F.L Abdullah M. , S.M Gismalla M.
Published: April 2019

FSO technology has attracted a lot of popularity for a variety of applied telecommunication fields. It presents a wide range of advantages that place it in the frontier of high data rates applications, last mile problem and bottleneck issues. It has been preferred for its ease of deployment without fiber cables, no extra tariff fees, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency. FSO excels in performance when compared to contemporary RF technology. On the other hand, there is an increased demand for alternative rail communications solutions. In order to deliver a safer, reliable and fast internet access. In this paper, performance evaluation of a ground-to-train Free Space Optical link communication (G2T FSO) was performed. The system was simulated at 2.5 Gb/s link under several weather conditions. Receiver and geometrical loss were included as well. Furthermore, performance was evaluated in terms of received power, Q factor, BER and eye diagram. Substantial vulnerability to severe fog attenuation was found. Although the system was able to operate with acceptable eye height with min BER of 10-38.