bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La libertà economica durante il COVID-19 in Italia – i condizionamenti e le limitazioni
Authors:   Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Polska, Nuzzo Beata
Published: March 2022

Italian society, like other liberal-minded societies, has been faced with the health emergency caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has led to drastic limitations on some fundamental constitutionally protected freedoms, including personal freedom, freedom of movement, freedom of assembly, as well as freedom of economic initiative, compressing them to the point of almost nullifying them. For this reason, the problem has arisen of establishing the boundaries within which the limitation, if not the deprivation, of those freedoms can be said to be compatible with the higher principles of the legal system, provided for by the constitutions and international charters on human rights. What is perplexing from a constitutional point of view are not so much the restrictive measures in themselves, but rather the ways in which they have been adopted in the Italian legal system, and which are very evident in the example of economic freedom.
Prawo właściwe dla umów z zakresu prawa własności intelektualnej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem umów licencyjnych
Authors:   Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, Polska, Olejnik Karol
Published: March 2022

This article deals with the issue of determining the law applicable to contracts in the field of intellectual property law in general. After Poland joined the European Union, in a relatively short period of time, various legal acts regulating the above-mentioned matter were in force. The author presents the current procedure for determining the law applicable to contracts for the transfer of intangible rights and license contracts on the basis of the Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the law applicable to contractual obligations (Rome I). Author presents the sequence of actions in determining the applicable law – from the freedom to choose the law, through set decisive rules and the concept of characteristic performance, to correction clauses. At the same time, the text compares the current regulations with the provisions of the Rome Convention of 1980, which was the basis of today’s EU legal solutions. The author put particular emphasis on agreements for the use of intellectual property rights, for which the determination of the applicable law brings about more practical problems.
Konwalidacja nieuchylenia cywilnego wyroku zaocznego w wyroku kończącym sprawę
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Polska, Sowul Łukasz
Published: March 2022

The Code of Civil Procedure provides for the institution of a default judgment. In the event of an effective objection from it, the matter is examined on the merits. The court issues a judgment, which upholds the default judgment in whole or in part, or repeals it and decides on the demand for the statement of claim, or the statement of claim is rejected or the proceedings are discontinued. If the claim is adjudicated, the earlier judgment should also be set aside. If not, we are dealing with a situation where two judgments on the same case remain in legal circulation. This paper presents concepts on how to remedy this error, in particular based on the current position of the Supreme Court. In the author’s opinion, the arguments of the Supreme Court cannot be defended, while the discussed subject matter is so complicated and unclear that in the current legal situation it is impossible to unequivocally determine the method of validating the failure to set aside the default judgment.
Zabezpečovacie opatrenia podľa civilného sporového poriadku
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Josefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Slovensko, Sudzina Milan
Published: March 2022

In the article entitled Safeguard Measures under the Civil Litigation Code, the author analyzes the issue of the institute of safeguard measures ordered by the court. The aim of this article is to deal in detail with the establishment and creation, cancellation and termination of safeguard measures. The article pays attention to the purpose and assumptions of the order of safeguard measures introduced into the Civil Litigation Code because the previous legislation on interim measures under the Civil Procedure Code did not allow the establishment of a lien to secure a creditor’s monetary claim.
Konstytucyjne mechanizmy zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa państwa w kontekście ochrony praw człowieka
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Trubalski Artur
Published: March 2022

The aim of the study is to present the constitutional regulations concerning ensuring the security of the state in the context of the protection of human rights and the related restrictions. This is the first stage for further research in the field of detailed relations between legal solutions contained in individual branches of law and their impact on the issues of limitations in the exercise of human and civil rights and freedoms. The practice of the functioning of the Republic of Poland over the last several months has made the issue of these relations more important. Therefore, it is reasonable to present and analyze these issues in more detail, starting with the level of constitutional regulations, which constitute the starting point for more detailed regulations, for example in the field of civil or administrative law.
Rola podmiotów leczniczych w procesie zmian legislacyjnych na przykładzie działań związanych z epidemią wirusa SARS-CoV-2
Authors:   Szkoła Zdrowia Publicznego Centrum Medyczne Kształcenia Podyplomowego w Warszawie, Polska, Wrześniewska-Wal Iwona
Published: March 2022

The aim of the article is to show the role of medical entities at various stages of activities related to the SARS-CoV-2 virus epidemic in the context of legislative changes in health care that were intensive at that time. Showing the introduced changes and assessing their rationality from the point of view of constitutional guarantees of such values as life and health, and also through the prism of the precautionary principle. The formal and dogmatic method commonly used in law was used in the study. The first part examines the legislation introduced in spring 2020 to start fighting the SARS-CoV-2 virus outbreak. The second is a study of the legal provisions that, from the beginning of the pandemic, regulated in detail the tasks and scope of inpatient care (i.e. homonymous hospitals and infectious diseases wards) and the activities of laboratories, as well as changes that were introduced before the fall COVID-19 wave. The third part is the National Immunization Program currently underway.
Standard wykonywania zawodu położnej w stanach nagłych w neonatologii – ocena obowiązującego stanu prawnego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Jacek Anna , Zych Barbara ,   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska
Published: March 2022

The aim of the paper was to analyse and evaluate the standard of practicing the profession of a midwife in terms of emergency in neonatal care. Due to the formal and legal nature of the work, the dogmatic method was the basic research method. The article contains considerations on the standard of performing the profession of midwife in neonatal emergency in relation to legal acts and guidelines for the conduct of a midwife in neonatal care. Concluding, the importance of the standard in midwife’s work was emphasized, referring to the health and life of a patient, which are one of the fundamental human values.
Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by biochar derived from rice husk
Authors: Bui Thuong Huyen , Le Phuong Thu , Nguyen Thu Phuong , Le Ngoc Duy , Vo Dieu Linh , Pham Le Anh , Nguyen Lam Luong , Nguyen Thi Hue , Le Vinh Tuan , Mai Huong , Dinh Thi Mai Thanh , Herrmann Marine , Ouillon Sylvain , Duong Thi Thuy , Le Thi Phuong Quynh
Published: March 2022

In this research, rice husk-derived biochar (BC) was evaluated to determine the suitable conditions for the methylene blue (MB) solution adsorption. The characterization of BC was identified by the methods of FT-IR, Raman, and point of zero charges (PZC). The adsorption studies were carried out with BC at different activation conditions (raw BC, HNO3 25% for 4 hours, NaOH 25% for 4 hours, H2O at 90°C for 2 hours and 4 hours, HNO3 25% at 90°C for 2 hours and 4 hours). The activated material then went through an adsorption assessment. Activated BC with NaOH 25% showed its preeminence compared to the other six conditions when reaching the maximum efficiency after the first hour of adsorption. The investigation revealed that the adsorption capacity of the material depends on the activation methods, including pH, activation agent, temperature, and time. The adsorption of BC was consistent with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, with high correlation coefficients (R2: 0.9838 and 0.9975, respectively). Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of rice husk is feasible for the removal of MB from aqueous solutions.
Uso do Sistema de Informação de Imunização do Brasil: qual a realidade?
Authors:   Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Barroso Rodrigues Samuel , Gonçalves Amaral Gabriela , Santos Silva Brener , Cunha Corrêa Freitas de Oliveira Gabriela , Oliveira de Moraes Tavares Laís , de Oliveira Valéria Conceição , Albano de Azevedo Guimarães Eliete
Published: March 2022

Introdução: A informação em saúde é essencial na tomada de decisões no âmbito das políticas públicas e tem se apresentado como instrumento essencial na interpretação de fenômenos. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o uso do Sistema de Informação de Imunização pelos profissionais de enfermagem. Materiais e métodos: Estudo transversal analítico realizado num município da Macrorregião Oeste de Minas Gerais, com profissionais de enfermagem por meio de um checklist validado. Para análise, utilizou-se um sistema de escores, classificado como: adequado, parcialmente adequado, não adequado e crítico. A mediana foi utilizada como medida-resumo para a análise descritiva e o Teste Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, para comparação de proporções. Resultados: Dos 104 profissionais de enfermagem, 14,4% relatam fazer uso dos registros para a gestão da informação em vacinação, 93,3% realizam o controle de estoque dos imunobiológicos, sendo esta a única atividade classificada como adequada. A produção do relatório de listagem de faltosos (39,4%), produção do relatório de cobertura vacinal (36,5%) e divulgação das informações consolidadas produzidas (17,3%) foram classificados como críticos. Não houve associações estatisticamente significativas entre as variáveis estudadas. Discussão: A subutilização das informações do sistema de informação traz consequências para os serviços de imunização, como baixas coberturas vacinais e oscilações nas proporções de abandono, além dificultar o planejamento e a tomada de decisões dos gestores das salas de vacinação. Conclusões: O uso das informações dos sistemas de informação precisa ser reconhecido pelos profissionais como necessário, útil e aplicável, sendo parte do processo de trabalho em sala de vacinação.
Вдосконалення підвіски стрічки Вантажного конвеєра
Authors: Дрозд О. В.
Published: March 2022

Аналіз досвіду експлуатації стрічкових транспортерів підтверджує головні переваги конвеєрного транспорту - високий рівень продуктивності праці, на основі автоматизації роботи обладнання, можливість транспортування широкої номенклатури вантажу і низькі виробничі витрати. Вони є одним з основних засобів безперервного технологічного транспорту при навантаженні вугілля, руди, гравію в морських портах. Застосування стрічкових конвеєрів не тільки в берегових, але і в складі суднових вантажних комплексів зумовило необхідність створення високопродуктивних стрічкових конвеєрів з великим міжремонтним періодом експлуатації. Значні капітальні витрати на придбання стрічкових конвеєрів компенсуються низькими експлуатаційними витратами. Собівартість одиниці вантажу стрічковими конвеєрами нижче, ніж у інших транспортних засобів, що застосовуються в складі морських перевантажувальних комплексів. Практика використання стрічкових конвеєрів відомих конструкцій різного призначення, виконання і типорозмірів показує, що всі без винятку зазначені конвеєри мають принципову ваду - швидким руйнуванням елементів підвіски стрічки. Динамічні удари при навантаженні і переміщенні вантажу призводять до ще більшого зниження терміну служби стрічки і підвіски, а також суттєвого зростання енергоємності процесу транспортування. Ці процеси призводять до передчасного виходу конвеєра з ладу, втрат вантажу, пиловим забруднення і втрати його якості при транспортуванні. Стрічкові конвеєри настільки удосконалилися, що фактично досягли певного "порогу модернізації", за яким не проглядаються реальні шляхи поліпшення експлуатаційних властивостей в рамках традиційної схеми роликового конвеєра. Підтвердженням цього є той факт, що в останні роки патентними органами в світі видаються поодинокі патенти в області конвеєробудування які не є принциповими для подальшого розвитку цього перспективного і необхідного виду транспорту. Поставлена задача вирішується тим, що система амортизації стрічки транспортера, що складається з основи, демпферів з магнітореологічного еластоміру, блоку живлення та керування, та яка відрізняється тим, що демпферів з еластоміру, закріплені на основі, виконані у вигляді трьох концентричних циліндрів різної висоти, в оболонці з високомолекулярного поліетилену, сигнал на керування властивостями та порядком залучення до дії яких надходить від датчиків навантаження та удару, що  розташовані під основою у місці навантаження вантажу.
Дослідження роботи та розробка прототипної моделі мобільного додатку визначення оптимального шляху карет швидкої допомоги
Authors: Балинський В. В. , Бодюл О. С.
Published: March 2022

Безумовно одною з найважливіших галузей впровадження інформаційних технологій є така, що тісно пов’язана з забезпеченням повсякденних потреб людини та  її безпеки. Особу увагу привертають розробки, які спрямовані допомогти людині в екстреній ситуації. Прикладом може бути програмний продукт, який дозволить користувачам викликати швидку допомогу одним натисканням кнопки і відслідковувати її місцезнаходження в дорозі у разі погіршення стану здоров’я людини. Важливою функцією для користувача-пацієнта є забезпечення безперервного відстеження карети швидкої допомоги впродовж всього шляху пересування карети швидкої допомоги. Реалізація такого рішення потребує забезпечення надійної роботи, цілісності внутрішніх компонентів, легку доступність і зручне використання. Метою даної роботи є створення програмного продукту, який допомогає водіям бригад швидкої допомоги прокладати оптимальний маршрут до місця виклику, а, також, дозволяє пацієнтам спостерігати за пересуванням карети та визначати час прибуття медиків. В системі розроблено надійно-працюючий, виділений сервер, який обробляє дані, такі як: інформацію про користувачів, виклики, бригади, карети. Реалізовано можливість в режимі реального часу отримувати інформацію про місце перебування карети, яка знаходиться в дорозі до пацієнта. Положення об'єкта обчислюється завдяки використанню розміщеного на ньому GPS-приймача, який приймає та обробляє сигнали супутників космічного сегменту GPS – системи глобального позиціонування. Для реалізації була використана мова програмування C#, фреймворк ASP.NET Core, система управління базами даних PostgreSQL, середовище розробки JetBrains Rider, платформа для тестового хостингу сервера Heroku. Результатом розробки є мобільний додаток, який дозволить користувачу викликати швидку допомогу і відстежувати свою карету. Для водіїв карет забезпечується зручна робота при виконанні своїх обов'язків. Взаємодія між мобільними додатками здійснюється за допомогою серверу, яких працює з усіма користувачами мобільних додатків, забезпечуючи швидку і своєчасну передачу даних.
Evaluation of Infectious and Malignant Complications in Elderly Renal Transplant Recipients Receiving Alemtuzumab Compared to Basiliximab
Authors: K Lang
Published: March 2022

The choice of induction immunosuppression can affect several outcomes after kidney transplant (KTx). We aimed to evaluate infectious and malignant complications between alemtuzumab and basiliximab in elderly KTx recipients. Patients ≥ 65 years old who received alemtuzumab or basiliximab induction for their primary KTx from 2006 – 2018 were included.
HLA system features in patients on waiting list for kidney transplantation in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Korzhenevsky A. A. , Korzhenevskaya N. P.
Published: March 2022

The aim of our study was to specify the features of the HLA system in patients registered on the waiting list for kidney transplantation in the Republic of Bashkortostan. HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR phenotypes were assayed by polymerase chain reaction using PROTRANS and OLERUP SSP kits. The frequency of antigen occurence was determined as the percentage of individuals with the given antigen to the total number of examined individuals. To determine the patterns of distinct antigens within various HLA combinations, we determined maximal percentage of the antigen frequency in combination with other HLA. The largest number of patients on the waiting list suffered from chronic glomerulonephritis, followed by diabetes mellitus, chronic interstitial nephritis, chronic pyelonephritis and polycystic kidney disease. The occurrence frequency of various HLA and their combinations was established both among all the patients suffering from stage 5 chronic kidney disease, and among patients with regard to each nosological category, and the patterns of various HLA combinations were established. The data obtained have been compared with the study results of patients from the waiting lists for organ transplantation in other regions. HLA-A02 (similar to Brazil, Great Britain), HLA-DR07, HLA-DR04 (like as in Nepal, European population of Kazakhstan, Southern China), HLA-A24 (as in Nepal, Southern China), and combinations of HLA-A02-A03, HLA-A02-DR04, HLA-A02-DR01, HLA-A02-B07, HLA-A03-DR01, HLA-B35-DR01 were most common in the patients with chronic kidney disease which can be considered as risk factor for severe nephropathy. HLA-B15, HLA-B40, HLA-vA30, HLA-A32, HLA-B56, HLA-B60, HLA-DR10 were found at minimal frequency; as well as the following combinations: HLA-A01-A24-B08-DR17, HLA-A01-A68-DR07, HLAA24-B07-B13, HLA-A01-B08-B13, HLA-A02-B35-B38-DR01, HLA-A02-B50-B61-DR07, HLA-A01-B55-DR04, HLA-A02-B55-DR03, HLA-A24-B55-DR13, HLA-A01-A02-B08-DR03, HLA-A02-DR01-DR13. The following antigens were absent among our patients: HLA-A28 (similar to Kuwait); HLA-A11, HLA-A23, HLA-A28, HLA-A33, HLA-B46, HLA-B62;-DR03, HLA-DR14 (as in Kazakhstan); HLAA19, HLA-A43, HLA-B16, HLA-B21, HLA-B22, HLA-B83 and HLA-DR05 (as in Great Britain); HLAB14 (as in Brazil). The results obtained were either similar, or different from the literature data, both in terms of the most common HLA and their combinations with regard of special nephropathy types. The revealed differences can be explained by presence of population-specifical HLA features in the patients from different ethnic groups and living in different geographical areas. The found stable associative links between the disorders and HLA may contribute to better understanding of pathogenesis of the disorders, their early preclinical detection, evaluating risk for development of pathological conditions, thus allowing timely justification of preventive measures.
Immunological cluster complexes in kidney transplantation
Authors: Zybleva S. V. , Zyblev S. L.
Published: March 2022

Laboratory tests are significant for the detection of immunopathological disorders in kidney transplantation. As a rule, the choice of tests is carried out individually and is based on the clinical characteristics and the presumptive diagnosis. Most often, in patients after kidney transplantation, atypical and not always standard changes in immunological parameters are observed, which is associated with a combination of many factors leading to different immune responses. All this served as the basis for typing immunological parameters in renal allograft recipients using one of the methods of system analysis – cluster analysis. Kidney transplantation was performed in 104 recipients. Immunological examination was performed on the 360th day after the surgery. The following groups of recipients were identified: KTR1 – with primary graft function on the 7th day and satisfactory graft function within a year, KTR2 – with renal graft dysfunction on the 7th day and within a year. By means of cluster analysis, immunotypes of regulatory complexes were detected and characterized in various courses of the post-transplant period. To assess the immune response in allogeneic kidney transplantation, a set of immune cells with a phenotype should be determined: CD3+CD4+CD25+highCD127+low, CD3+CD4-CD8-, CD3+CD4+CD69+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD19+CD5+, LIN-HLA-DR+CD11c-CD123+, CD3+CD8+CD69+, CD3+CD4+CD8+, CD3+CD8+CD38+, CD19+CD86+, CD19+IgD+CD27-, CD3-CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD38+, CD14+lowCD86+, LIN-HLA-DR+CD11c+CD123-. According to our data, the immunological cellular composition of the central point of clustering of the tolerogenic immunological complex is represented by regulatory CD3+CD4+CD25+highCD127+low and double-negative CD3+CD4-CD8-T lymphocytes. The composition of the central point of clustering of the hyperergic immunological complex is represented by the cooperation of CD3+CD8+CD69+ and CD3+CD4+CD8+ cells. The structure of the tolerogenic immune response in patients after kidney transplantation is based on intercellular interactions, which has a hierarchical system, the basis of which is represented by the cooperation of regulatory cells CD3+CD4+CD25+highCD127+low, CD3+CD4-CD8-, CD3+CD4+CD69+, CD3+CD16+CD56+, CD19+CD5+, LIN-HLA-DR+CD11c-CD123+. The hyperergic variant of the immune response in renal allograft transplantation is based on excessive activation of the following links of the immune response: CD3+CD8+CD38+, CD19+CD86+, CD3+CD38+, LIN-HLADR+CD11c+CD123-, CD19+IgD+CD27-, CD3-CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD8+CD69+ and CD14+lowCD86+. The detected immunotypes will make it possible to implement a personalized approach to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with various types of immune response in kidney transplantation.
Immunological features of allergic rhinitis in combination with chronic rhinosinusitis of bacterial etiology
Authors: Kulikova O. A. , Orlova E. A. , Baranova N. I. , Kostina E. M. , Levashova O. A.
Published: March 2022

Rhinitis is a socially significant and widespread disease. Often, various forms of rhinitis are combined, and thus cause severe clinical manifestations, insufficient effectiveness of drug treatment, as well as difficulties in differential diagnosis. It is known that a significant number of patients have a combination of allergic rhinitis (AR) with chronic rhinosinusitis of bacterial etiology. This condition is based on a chronic multifactorial inflammatory process of the nasal mucosa, which determines the steady progression of the disease. Of interest is the study of a number of allergo-immunological parameters in nasal secretions in order to assess local inflammation and changes in mucosal immunity in allergic rhinitis in combination with chronic rhinosinusitis of bacterial etiology (AR with HRSBE). Mucosal immunity and biological mediators determine local inflammation and pathophysiological response to etiological factors in the immunopathogenesis of AR with CRSBE. The work carried out the determination of the level of cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, TGF-â1, IFNã spontaneous and induced; immunoglobulins: IgA, IgM, IgG, sIgA in nasal secretions; leukotrienes: LT C4/ D4/E4 and LTB4 in plasma and total IgE in serum in patients with AR with moderate-severity HRSBE without exacerbation. It has been shown that the leading role in the formation of the inflammatory process in AR with CRSBE belongs to cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, TGF-â; immunoglobulins: IgM, sIgA; leukotrienes: LT C4/D4/E4 and LTB4 and total IgE. Induced cytokine production largely reflects the reserve capabilities of immunocompetent cells in response to the action of a pathogenic factor. The results obtained are associated with the persistent course of allergic and infectious inflammation and the progression of the disease. Thus, cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, TGF-â1; immunoglobulins: IgM, sIgA, IgE total and LT C4/D4/E4 and LTB4 make a significant contribution to pathogenetic mechanisms, determining the clinical course of AR with CRSBE, and can serve as biological markers of the activity of the pathological process. Undoubtedly, the immune mechanisms in the combined pathological inflammatory reaction from the mucosa in AR with HRSBE are complex and multifaceted. A personalized approach to the treatment of patients with AR with CRSBE is determined by the severity and intensity of the inflammatory reaction, as well as mucosal mucosal immunity disorders. The study of the role and significance of the production of leading cytokines, immunoglobulins in nasal secretions, as well as leukotrienes and total IgE in the blood will help the doctor in determining the tactics and duration of pharmacotherapy.
Increasing protectivity of the smallpox vaccine
Authors: Shchelkunov S. N. , Sergeev A. A. , Titova K. A. , Pyankov S. A. , Yakubitskiy S. N.
Published: March 2022

At the present time, vast majority of human population lacks immunity against orthopoxvirus infections caused by variola (smallpox), monkeypox, cowpox, or buffalopox viruses. More and more mass outbreaks of orthopoxvirus infections are yearly registered among humans on different continents. To prevent transition of these outbreaks to widespread epidemics, we should develop appropriate immunoprophylaxis strategies. Currently, massive usage of the classic live vaccine based on vaccinia virus is not acceptable, due to its high reactogenicity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the variants of vaccinia virus with reduced virulence and increased immunogenicity/protectivity. The aim of this work was to study protective effects against a lethal orthopoxvirus infection occuring after low-dose immunization of mice with vaccinia virus variants, i.e., carrying mutant A34R gene causing increased production of extracellular virions, or a A35R gene deletion encoding protein product inhibiting antigen presentation by the major histocompatibility complex class II. The LIVP viral strain used in Russia as a smallpox vaccine, and its recombinant variants (LIVP-A34R*, LIVP-dA35R and LIVP-A34R*-dA35R) were compared with intranasal or intradermal immunization of BALB/c mice at the doses of 105 or 103 PFU. 28 days following administration of viral preparations (experimental groups) or saline (control groups), the mice underwent intravital blood sampling from retroorbital venous sinus. The levels of virion-specific antibodies were determined in individual serum samples by enzyme immunoassay. On the day 30 of experiment, the mice were infected with cowpox virus at a dose of 32 LD50, which caused total death of control mice on days 6-10. In the groups immunized with the studied viruses at a dose of 105 PFU, all the animals survived, regardless of strain, or immunization method. Upon intradermal immunization (103 PFU) of mice immunized with the original LIVP virus, 83% of the animals survived, whereas all mutant strains of the vaccinia virus provided 100% protection of the mice from subsequent cowpox virus infection. Intranasal immunization of mice at a dose of 103 PFU with LIVP strain protected only 33% of animals from lethal infection with cowpox virus, while the mutant strains LIVP-A34R* and LIVP-A34R*-dA35R provided 67% protection, and the LIVP-dA35R strain has resqued 75% of the mice. The studied mutant vaccinia viruses can be considered not only new candidate vaccines against smallpox and other human orthopoxvirus infections, but also as vector platforms for creating live multivalent vaccines against other infectious diseases.
Does Taekwondo Poomsae Training Impact on Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Blood Composition in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review
Authors: Lei Ye , Jun Hyung-pil
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: Numerous studies claim that Taekwondo can effectively help obese children improve their physical fitness. In addition, Taekwondo might help prevent lifestyle diseases and metabolic syndrome caused by obesity. However, studies and reviews on the effectiveness of Taekwondo Poomsae are very few compared to those on Taekwondo Kyorugi. Based on previous reviews, this study aims to clarify the effect of Taekwondo Poomsae training on improving body composition, physical fitness, and blood composition of children and adolescents of different groups. Furthermore, the applicability of Taekwondo Poomsae training is to be determined.METHODS: Two-hundred and two studies were searched via Korea electronic databases RISS, KISS, and DBPIA from March 1 to 3, 2021, and 22 of these were included in this review.RESULTS: Our review confirms that Taekwondo Poomsae is effective in improving the physical condition of developing children and adolescents. However, we cannot assert that this sport is also an effective exercise therapy for special youth groups, such as those who are overweight, obese, or have a metabolic growth or development syndrome.CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that sports implementers, Taekwando experts, coaches, and other sport professionals provide more Taekwondo Poomsae training programs suitable for physical and physiotherapeutic exercises for different ages and groups.
The Effect and Application of Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methyl Butyrate (HMB) Supplementation in Exercise Science
Authors: Choi Eun-Ju
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: The effect of hydroxymethylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on leucine is a major area of interest in exercise science. The present review aimed to investigate the various effects of HMB supplementation and provide guidelines for its practical use.METHODS: This review collected and analyzed previous studies on HMB supplementation from online databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library.RESULTS: Although studies suggest different results, this review found that HMB supplementation before or after exercise could have positive effects on body composition (muscle mass), exercise performance (strength and power, endurance), and recovery after muscle damage (creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase). In particular, HMB supplementation had a significant effect on resistance exercise, and in general, a daily dose of 3 g is recommended. However, the effects of combined HMB and creatine supplementation remain unclear.CONCLUSIONS: HMB can be a useful and effective supplement for athletes with various purposes and for ordinary people who regularly exercise. Further research should investigate several limitations of HMB supplementation, as suggested in previous studies.
A Stereotyped Minority "Zigeuner" in Two Centuries of German Reference Literature
Authors: Rao Aparna , Casimir Michael J.
Published: March 2022

This paper reviews the entry "Zigeuner" in thirty editions of general encyclopaedias in the German language between 1819 and 1986. The entries were found to be largely repetitive, stereotyped, and much of the "information" plainly fictive. While the homogeneity of "Gypsies" is concluded explicitly in almost all these editions, there is a chronological variation in the stereotypes. The entries exhibit both racism and romanticism, both fear and fascination. On the whole it seems that what are supposed to be facts about "Gypsies" were and still are more often than not facts about their social environments.
Cumulative markedness effects and (non-)linearity in phonotactics
Authors: Breiss Canaan , Albright Adam
Published: March 2022

How do grammars assess the well-formedness of words with multiple phonotactic violations? Certain models predict that as the strength of phonotactic restrictions decrease, forms that violate multiple restrictions should be less acceptable than expected, in a pattern we term super-linear cumulativity. We test this prediction using a series of Artificial Grammar Learning experiments, in which we vary the number of exceptions to phonotactic patterns in artificial languages. We find that super-linear cumulativity is indeed observed in the conditions with the weakest restrictions. Strikingly, participants exhibit super-linear cumulativity even when the trained language does not contain evidence for it.
Melatonin application on phytochemical compositions of Agastache foeniculum under water-deficit stress
Authors: Mohammadi Hamid , Moradi Shahla , Hazrati Saeid , Aghaee Ahmad
Published: March 2022

Background: Agastache foeniculum is one of the perennial aromatic plants of the Lamiaceae family. The essential oil (EO) of this plant has potent antibacterial and antifungal properties, and hence it is extensively used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Water-deficit stress occurring at any plant growth stage changes the morphological, phytochemical, and physiological processes. Melatonin is considered as a new kind of plant growth regulator which increases plant tolerance to environmental stresses.

Hypotheses: The response to water deficit in A. foeniculum is Mel-dependent and affects their physiological and phytochemical characteristics

Studied species: Agastache foeniculum

Study site and dates: Tabriz, Iran, 2019.

Methods: For this purpose, plants were subjected to water-deficit stress, which was followed by foliar application of melatonin as biostimulants on dry matter and secondary metabolites of A. foeniculum .

Results: Results indicated that water-deficit stress (at 60 % of Field capacity) increased shoot dry weight, total phenol, anthocyanins and flavonoids content as well as EO content. Application of various melatonin concentrations improved the content of the mentioned traits. According to GC-MS analysis, ten chemical compounds were recognized in the EO composition of A. foeniculum . The most important EO compound (%) in the studied treatments was methyl chavicol, under severe water-deficit stress conditions with Mel at  concentration of 100 μM.

Conclusions: The results indicated that the application of Mel (at 100 µM) as a bio-inducer can alleviate the detrimental effects of water-deficit stress (at 60 and 30 % field capacity) and improve the quality of EO.
De-problematizing masculinity among heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black male youth and men
Authors: Etowa Josephine , Kakuru Doris M. , Gebremeskel Akalewold , Etowa Egbe B. , Kohoun Bagnini
Published: March 2022

Objectives

The dominant discourse in literature often constructs heterosexual African, Caribbean, and Black (ACB) masculinity as inherently problematic and in need of “correction, repair, or rescue.” This discourse privileges hegemonic male standards and conceals the power relations that shape racialized masculinities. Our study of self-identified heterosexual ACB men and male youth examines how performative and perceptual attenuations of hegemonic masculinity can moderate social and behavioural vulnerabilities in the context of HIV prevention, transmission, and survival.

Methods

We used descriptive qualitative methods informed by community-based participatory research. Individual in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with 63 ACB men and male youth (aged 16 and above) residing in Ottawa, Canada, including community leaders, HIV service providers, and decision makers. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematically analyzed with NVivo software. Member-checking, peer debriefing, and external audit ensured trustworthiness of data.

Results

ACB men and male youth define masculinity by their ability to provide for, protect, love, and lead their families. Within ACB cultures, men demonstrate their masculinity through their traditional role as family breadwinners, and are expected to be strong, bold, and responsible. This positive view of masculinity is potentially beneficial to the well-being of ACB men and male youth, and challenges mainstream notions of Black masculinity as uncontrolled, risky, toxic, or even predatory.

Conclusion

A positive view of masculinity among ACB heterosexual men and youth could support future practice and policy interventions aimed at strengthening community responses to HIV and health.
JAX - 10x Genomics - NEXTGEM Multiome ATAC + Gene Expression v1
Authors: F F. Flynn William
Published: March 2022

Standard 10x Genomics - NEXTGEM Multiome protocol used by the JAX Single Cell Biology lab for the simultaneous single nucleus chromatin accessibility and gene expression assay.
Communication in interprofessional health care teams from the perspective of patients and staff
Authors: Erjavec Karmen , Knavs Nastja , Bedenčič Klemen
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The quality of communication among health care professionals is an important aspect of interprofessional teamwork. As there is a gap in research on communication in interprofessional teams as assessed by team members and patients, the aim of this study was to analyze interprofessional team communication and team participation in a Slovenian general hospital from the perspective of health care professionals and patients.Methods: This was a case report study using a multi-methods study with a survey (n = 150) and a qualitative approach with focus groups (n = 27) and in-depth interviews with interprofessional team members (n = 22) and patients (n = 20).Results: Interprofessional team members rated communication as relatively good, being least satisfied with equal participation in team communication, especially communication with physicians due to interdisciplinary rivalry. Nursing assistants particularly emphasized the lack of time for communication with patients, dissatisfaction with communication with physicians, and overload with documentation. The patients were relatively satisfied with the communication of the team members. However, they criticized the lack of communication between team members and patients and inconsistent messages of team members.Conclusion: Communication in interprofessional teams was moderately good in this setting. Low staffing was a primary driver of communication problems
Efeitos da judicialização de medicamentos antineoplásicos nos serviços farmacêuticos em oncologia
Authors: Vieira Felipe Felizardo Mattos , Vidal Thais Jeronimo , Da Silva Mario Jorge Sobreira , Chauvet Luiz Eduardo , Moraes Elaine Lazzaroni
Published: March 2022

Objective: to analyze the effects of lawsuits regarding the regulatory, technical, logistical and clinical aspects that impact the pharmaceutical services. Methods: descriptive and exploratory study using data from lawsuits received by a reference cancer care facility between January 2009 and December 2018, and which resulted in the supply of antineoplastic drugs. The variables were analyzed in the clinical-sanitary and regulatory-institutional dimensions and correlated to its effects on pharmaceutical services in oncology, from regulatory, logistical, technical, and clinical perspectives. Results: a total of 41 lawsuits demanded 14 different antineoplastic drugs in the period. All medicines had a valid Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency registration, monoclonal antibodies were the most demanded and the total expenditure in the period exceeded R$ 3 million. Non-compliance with normative aspects, technical and logistical implications for the preparation of antineoplastic drugs purchased by patients with resources from lawsuits and lack of scientific evidence to support adequate decision-making were discussed as some of the judicialization effects for pharmaceutical services. Conclusion: the results made it possible to broaden the debate on the effects of health judicialization considering the basic aspects of pharmaceutical care imbricated in the routine of health services.
Vacinação contra a COVID-19: avanços no setor da saúde no Brasil
Authors: Lima Meiriany Arruda , Rodrigues Robson de Sousa , Delduque Maria Célia
Published: March 2022

Objective: verify the progress of the implementation of vax against COVID-19 in the states of Brazil, to build a vax effectiveness ranking according to the political affiliation of each governor. Methods: this was qualitative research in which information was collected from official websites of the federal government and official websites of state governors. Results: the results showed that the strategies to fight the disease, as well as the advance of vaccination in the states, are pari passu, with no federated entity that stands out positively or negatively in the analyzed variables. Regardless of party or ideology, states follow the guidelines of the Ministry of Health and take similar decisions with very similar results. Conclusion: Brazil has been showing maturity in facing another pandemic.
A experiência e as estratégias das mulheres de etnia cigana com o nascimento dos seus filhos: a realidade do mundo cigano no Sistema Único de Saúde do Distrito Federal
Authors: De Souza Daniela Ketlyn Coutinho Porto , Montagner Maria Inez , Alves Sandra Mara Campos , Montagner Miguel Ângelo
Published: March 2022

Objective: to understand the experiences and strategies of gypsy women to access the public health system during prenatal, childbirth and postpartum periods. Methods: qualitative research was undertaken, whose data collection was conducted through a semi-structured interview, with five gypsy women of Calon ethnicity, aged between 22 and 54 years old, living in the Federal District, Brazil. Through a phenomenological approach, it was used the concepts of experience proposed by Schutz and of strategy by Michael Bury. Results: only one participant claims to have performed prenatal care in one of her pregnancies, three attended healthcare sporadically and one said she had never sought health service. All women reported cultural difficulties when dealing with the Unified Health System (SUS). Conclusion: for these women, the concept of health is based on the absence of diseases and the SUS is perceived as just a magnetic card; the highest demand is the gypsy ethnicity to be recognized by the public health system.
Problematic Technology Use: The impact of personality and continued use
Authors:   North Carolina A&T State University, Phillips Brandis , Shipps Belinda
Published: March 2022

Modern software development depends on tools and techniques to represent implied information processing logic to the human engineer, relying chiefly on effortful human reasoning to best determine critical properties of the software system. Current conceptualization, visualization and contextualization of software in development amounts to a significant under-utilization of already limited development resources directed to optimization, prevention, and addressing fundamental security properties of the software system. As a step toward increasing such utilization as a basis for a global ecosystem of secure software, this work explores and evaluates an alternative representation of software source code for the sake of secure development, manifesting universal, critical properties of the system to enhance control of security factors while the bulk of the properties of the system are being determined and the costly skills of the developer are directed to the many aspects of the task.
Sürdürülebilirlikte Eğitimin Rolü: Türkiye’deki Halkla İlişkiler Lisans Programları Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: ŞARDAGI Emine
Published: March 2022

Sürdürülebilirlik hem uygulama hem de akademik alanda önemli kavramlardan bir haline gelmiştir. Bu nedenle bu uygulamaları gerçekleştirecek bilgi ve beceriye sahip nitelikli elemana ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Halkla ilişkiler ve iletişim alanı, sürdürülebilirliğin yayılmasında önemli görevler üstlenen alanlardan biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'deki halkla ilişkiler eğitimi veren lisans programlarında sürdürülebilirlik olgusunun genel yapısını ortaya çıkarmaktır. Bu amaçla, Türkiye'de halkla ilişkiler eğitimi veren 70 üniversitenin ders müfredatları incelenmiştir. Çalışmada betimleyici araştırma tasarımı yöntemi kullanılmıştır. İncelenen üniversitelerin eğitim içerikleri, içerik analizi yöntemi ile belirlenen başlıklar altında değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Türkiye’deki halkla ilişkiler müfredatlarında sürdürülebilirlik konusunun istenen düzeyde olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Türkiye'deki halkla ilişkiler programlarının sadece 12 tanesinin ders müfredatlarında sürdürülebilirlik odaklı derslerin var olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu programlardan 1 tanesi devlet üniversitesinde, 11 tanesi ise özel üniversitede bulunmaktadır. 12 programda da sürdürülebilirliğe yönelik dersler 2. ve 4. sınıfta seçmeli ders olarak sunulmaktadır.
Breast Implant Associated Lymphoma: Textured Breast Implants and Their Association with Cancer
Authors: Lai Serena , Rullay Manisha
Published: March 2022

Breast implants are one of the most popular medical devices used today. It has been estimated that at least 10 million women globally have had implants [1]. The most common use of breast implants is for cosmetic breast augmentation [2]. Implants are also often used in breast reconstruction for women who have had mastectomies. A less common use for implants is in gender-affirming surgery for transgender women. The first modern implant, consisting of a smooth-surfaced silicone outer shell filled with silicone gel, was introduced to the public in 1961, while saline-filled implants were introduced in 1965 [3]. The first textured implant was introduced in the late 1980s.
The effect of ARBs and ACEIs on SARS-CoV-2: Exploring the controversy
Authors: Badawy Seleem , Miller Benjamin
Published: March 2022

As the COVID-19 pandemic spread quickly across the world, one of the largest emerging debates in the science community was surrounding the risk of COVID-19 (also referred to as SARS-CoV-2) as an effect of the regular use of anti-hypertensive medications. In this article, this debate and the controversy that followed will be analyzed by outlining the elements of the biological system involved, then analyzing its importance, the implicated arguments, and the controversy itself.
Redesigning for mobile plurilingual futures
Authors: Lotherington Heather , Thumlert Kurt , Boreland Taylor , Tomin Brittany
Published: March 2022

The New London Group’s 1996 manifesto was a clarion call to educational researchers to fundamentally redesign language and literacy education for the needs of global learners communicating in evolving digital media environments. In this conceptual overview, the “how”, “what” and “why” of multiliteracies are critically re examined from the perspective of mobile digital language learning in posthumanist media ecologies, with attention drawn to paradigm shifts in language, technology, multimodality and context. We argue that Web 3.0 environments, AI and rapidly emerging algorithmic cultures have outpaced earlier critical theorizations of multiliteracies and digitally mediated learning practices as well as meaningful implementation of multiliteracies pedagogies in schools. We then reconsider the affordances and constraints of Web 3.0 tools for multilingual/plurilingual language learning, and sketch pathways for critical and productive engagements with mobile devices and multiliteracies pedagogies that reframe and advance the important critical work of the New London Group.