bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educational intervention for food consciousness: A randomized study protocol
Authors: Palazzo Carina C , Leghi Barbara E , Pereira-Júnior Alfredo , Diez-Garcia Rosa Wanda
Published: April 2021

Background:

Contemporary living conditions present opportunities that promote obesity. In addition, traditional nutritional intervention have been considered inefficient, and there is a demand for the development and evaluation of strategies not based on the traditional paradigm of diets.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to describe the Food and Nutrition Education Program with Sensory and Cognitive Exercises (PESC), which seeks to promote consciousness of eating experience and body signals appreciation to adult women and thus to make them less vulnerable to food consumption stimuli.

Method:

This protocol outlines a randomized study that will include 60 adult women. PESC is based on the sensory influence for eating behavior and on the Triple-Aspect Monism theory of consciousness. It is composed of exercises that explore sensory, cognitive and emotional aspects of food experience in order to promote it into a conscious process. The program consists of four weekly workshops that explore themes related to the current obesogenic environment problematic. The intervention group ( n=30) will be evaluated at the beginning of the first workshop and after the last one. The control group ( n=30) will not participate on the workshops and will be evaluated twice, with a one-month interval.

Conclusions:

This study will contribute substantially to the development of nutritional interventions based on sensory aspects and consciousness of food experience. Therefore, PESC is considered an innovative approach with regard to improving individuals’ eating behavior.

Trial registry:

This clinical trial was registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC), http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4qgpg5/,numberRBR-4qgpg5 .
Genetic deletion of endothelial microRNA-15a/16-1 promotes cerebral angiogenesis and neurological recovery in ischemic stroke through Src signaling pathway
Authors: Sun Ping , Ma Feifei , Xu Yang , Zhou Chao , Stetler R. Anne , Yin Ke-Jie
Published: April 2021

Cerebral angiogenesis is tightly controlled by specific microRNAs (miRs), including the miR-15a/16-1 cluster. Recently, we reported that endothelium-specific conditional knockout of the miR-15a/16-1 cluster (EC-miR-15a/16-1 cKO) promotes post-stroke angiogenesis and improves long-term neurological recovery by increasing protein levels of VEGFA, FGF2, and their respective receptors VEGFR2 and FGFR1. Herein, we further investigated the underlying signaling mechanism of these pro-angiogenic factors after ischemic stroke using a selective Src family inhibitor AZD0530. EC-miR-15a/16-1 cKO and age- and sex-matched wild-type littermate (WT) mice were subjected to 1 h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and 28d reperfusion. AZD0530 was administered daily by oral gavage to both genotypes of mice 3-21d after MCAO. Compared to WT, AZD0530 administration exacerbated spatial cognitive impairments and brain atrophy in EC-miR-15a/16-1 cKO mice following MCAO. AZD0530 also attenuated long-term recovery of blood flow and inhibited the formation of new microvessels, including functional vessels with blood circulation, in the penumbra of stroked cKO mice. Moreover, AZD0530 blocked the Src signaling pathway by downregulating phospho-Src and its downstream mediators (p-Stat3, p-Akt, p-FAK, p-p44/42 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK) in post-ischemic brains. Collectively, our data demonstrated that endothelium-targeted deletion of the miR-15a/16-1 cluster promotes post-stroke angiogenesis and improves long-term neurological recovery via activating Src signaling pathway.
T1 mapping is useful for staging deep venous thrombosis in the lower extremities
Authors: Wu Gang , Liu Liangjin , Wang Ting , Pan Chu
Published: April 2021

Background

The discrimination of acute and chronic deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is of great importance. Quantitative imaging is an urgent requirement in reflecting intrinsic characteristics of thrombosis.

Purpose

To investigate the feasibility of T1 mapping in staging DVT in the lower extremities.

Material and Methods

A total of 57 patients with DVT in the lower extremities (26 men, 31 women; mean age = 53.3 years) underwent T1-weighted imaging and T1 mapping for obtaining T1 signal intensity (SI) and T1 time of thrombus. The relative SI (rSI) of DVT was obtained by calculating the ratio of thrombus SI to muscle SI. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare rSI and T1 time of DVT between acute group (patients with limb edema ≤ 2 weeks) and chronic group (patients with limb edema > 2 weeks). A receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed for further evaluation.

Results

DVT rSI was significantly higher in the acute group versus the chronic group (2.8 ± 1.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.6; P<0.05). DVT T1 time was significantly lower in the acute group versus the chronic group (819.4 ± 223.7 ms vs. 1264.8 ± 270.7 ms; P<0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.93 for T1 time and 0.75 for rSI. When using 1015 ms as the cut-off, the sensitivity and specificity of T1 time were 91% (32/35) and 86% (19/22), respectively.

Conclusion

T1 mapping is a potential technique in discriminating acute from chronic DVT in the lower extremities and warrants further investigation.
Ageism and Psychological Distress in Older Adults: The Moderating Role of Self-Esteem and Body Image
Authors: Bergman Yoav S.
Published: April 2021

Ageist attitudes have been associated with negative physical consequences and psychological distress among older adults. Although holding a positive self-image and body image contributes to well-being among older adults, their combined effect on the consequences of ageism has not been examined. Accordingly, the current study examines the moderating role of both variables on the connection between ageism and psychological distress among older adults. Data were collected from 383 older adults (age range = 60–90; M = 71.44; SD = 6.62), who filled out scales assessing ageism, self-esteem, body image, and psychological distress. Psychological distress was associated with reduced self-esteem and body image. In line with the moderation hypothesis, the ageism–distress link remained significant only for individuals with low levels of both self-esteem and body image. The discussion highlights the relevance of both self-esteem and body image as important personal resources which may buffer the connection between ageism and psychological distress among older adults.
Measuring and Predicting Divergent Thinking With a Self-Report Questionnaire, Teacher Rating Scale, and Self-Regulated Learning Microanalysis
Authors: Callan Gregory L. , DaVia Rubenstein Lisa , Ridgley Lisa M. , Speirs Neumeister Kristie , Hernandez Finch Maria , Longhurst David
Published: April 2021

This study examined the relationships among three measurement methodologies that are used to assess characteristics and processes associated with creativity (i.e., a self-report questionnaire, teacher ratings, and a structured interview). In addition, we examined the predictive contributions of these three measurement methodologies for a divergent thinking test (Torrance Test of Creative Thinking-Figural; TTCT-F). Participants were 89 adolescents in the Midwestern United States. Results revealed that the self-report questionnaire and structured interview measure of self-efficacy correlated significantly (r = .34), but no other significant relationships among measurement methodologies were observed. Neither the self-report ratings nor teacher ratings significantly predicted performance on the TTCT-F, but the structured interview measures did.
Leadership Matters, But So Do Co-Workers: A Study of the Relative Importance of Transformational Leadership and Team Relations for Employee Outcomes and User Satisfaction
Authors: Lauritzen Heidi Hesselberg , Grøn Caroline Howard , Kjeldsen Anne Mette
Published: April 2021

In recent decades, public administration has taken a great interest in leadership. However, this interest has been met with concerns that the effects of leadership are overestimated compared to other relevant organizational factors. In this article, we explore the relative importance of formal, vertical leadership, specifically transformational leadership, and horizontal relations, that is, the internal team relations, for different employee outcomes and user satisfaction. We argue that both factors may work through public service motivation (PSM). Based on survey data collected in Danish nursing homes linked with a user satisfaction survey and employee sickness absence data, we find that the internal team relations have the strongest association with some outcome measures, whereas others are more substantially related to vertical leadership. We further find that the relationship between transformational leadership and these outcome measures is fully mediated by PSM, whereas this is not the case with the internal team relations.
Embolia Cutis Medicamentosa (Nicolau Syndrome) Secondary to Intramuscular Fulvestrant Injection: A Case Report
Authors: Murdock Joshua L. , Duco Marissa R. , Sharma Subhash C. , Reeves David J.
Published: April 2021

Purpose:

A case of embolia cutis medicamentosa (Nicolau syndrome) in a patient receiving monthly intramuscular fulvestrant injections is presented.

An 85-year-old woman receiving monthly fulvestrant injections in the outpatient setting developed a necrotic lesion at the fulvestrant injection site on her right buttock. Her medical history is notable for metastatic breast cancer with bone metastases. Prior to developing the necrotic lesion, the patient was receiving monthly fulvestrant injections for 6 years. Other potential causes such as infection and pressure necrosis were ruled out clinically. After 185 days of wound care involving multiple surgical debridements, topical therapy, and frequent follow-up appointments, the patient’s wound resolved with 100% epithelialization. Nicolau syndrome has been reported with other non-vesicant, injectable medications such as antibiotics and corticosteroids; however, it has not been previously reported with fulvestrant.

Conclusion:

Nicolau syndrome developed in the right buttock of a patient with metastatic breast cancer following an intramuscular fulvestrant injection. Healthcare practitioners need to be cognizant of this adverse effect with intramuscular injections in order to recognize and refer patients for wound care evaluation early in the evolution of this syndrome. Proper injection technique is recommended to reduce the risk of this idiopathic adverse effect.
Healthcare-Seeking Behaviors Among Medicare Beneficiaries by Functional Hearing Status
Authors: Lin Heng-Yu H. , Willink Amber , Jilla Anna M. , Weinreich Heather M. , Oh Esther S. , Robertson Mariah , Ward Hannah V. , Reed Nicholas S.
Published: April 2021

Objective: Hearing loss is associated with higher health expenditures and poor healthcare utilization. This study aims to build on these findings by characterizing the association between hearing status and healthcare-seeking behaviors among Medicare beneficiaries. Methods: Cross-sectional log-binominal regression was used to assess the association between self-report hearing and healthcare-seeking behaviors (avoidance or delay of care, personal health concerns, and sharing health status) using the 2016 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey ( N = 12,140). Results: Beneficiaries with trouble hearing had significantly higher risks of avoiding and delaying health care compared to those without trouble hearing. Conversely, trouble hearing was not associated with concern for health status or sharing health status. Discussion: These findings may help explain higher costs associated with hearing loss as avoidance of care can exacerbate health problems. Further work is needed to understand underlying causes and whether addressing hearing loss modifies the observed association.
Staying Down with the Joneses: Differences in the Psychological Cost of Unemployment across Neighbourhoods
Authors: Howley Peter , Knight Sarah
Published: April 2021

This article demonstrates how the unemployment of neighbours can ameliorate the psychological costs of unemployment. In support of this premise, we find that while unemployment is always harmful, the gap in psychological well-being between employed and unemployed individuals is much less in relatively high unemployment neighbourhoods (particularly so for males and relatively older cohorts). Our proposed explanation is that people employ close points of social comparison with the result that any feelings of shame or embarrassment associated with unemployment are mitigated when surrounded by unemployed neighbours. One potentially important labour market implication of these findings is that it may be more difficult than anticipated to transition some people out of unemployment in high unemployment neighbourhoods. Apart from highlighting the place-specific nature of the relationship between unemployment and psychological well-being, our findings also highlight the importance of non-pecuniary factors, such as the social norm to work, in explaining the substantive negative psychological impact of unemployment.
Fairbairn, Winnicott, and Guntrip on the social significance of schizoids
Authors: Gerson Gal
Published: April 2021

The mid-century object relations approach saw the category of schizoids as crucial to its own formation. Rooted in a developmental phase where the perception of the mother as a whole and real person had not yet been secured, the schizoid constitution impeded relationships and forced schizoids to communicate through a compliant persona while the kernel self remained isolated. Fairbairn, Winnicott, and Guntrip thought that schizoid features underlay many other pathologies that earlier, Freudian psychoanalysis had misidentified. To correct this, a move to the attachment-oriented theory was necessary, triggering the development of the object relations perspective as a distinct and independent approach. While playing this role in the development of object relations theory, the schizoid category also attracted a note of disapproval. Fairbairn, Winnicott, and Guntrip described schizoids as harmful to society through their everyday actions and through the ideas they propagated. This judgemental nuance highlights an aspect of the alliance between object relations theory and the contemporary welfare state ideology. Culminating in the Beveridge plan, that ideology framed citizenship as comprehensive engagement with society on multiple levels. Citizenship was not just a political activity but also a personally rewarding one, as it allowed expression to each person’s wishes in ways that benefited others. Inability to engage and be rewarded in this way marked obstinate classes and produced rigid and conservative ideologies that opposed the welfare state. Object relations theory described the schizoid condition along similar lines and castigated its consequences for similar reasons.
Effect of composite preforms weaving parameters on weaving capability based on vibration characteristics
Authors: Li Chunhui , He Lei , Wang Zhengfang , Cheng Xiang
Published: April 2021

In terms of the composite preforms weaving process, the influence of the length, width, height and speed of the weaving needle on the weaving capacity is analyzed. According to the calculated kinetic energy, potential energy, and virtual work of the weaving needle and the guide array, the system dynamic equation is established based on Hamilton’s principle, and the discrete processing is performed. According to the state equation, the Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the vibration response of the weaving needle free end. The correctness of the theoretical model is verified with ADAMS by analyzing the system dynamics. The variation of the free end vibration response was studied with time under different parameters. It is found that the velocity, length, and height parameters of the weaving needle have a greater influence on the vibration amplitude and the deflection of the equilibrium position. The comprehensive influence of velocity and size parameters on the weaving capability is discussed. Based on the above results, the analysis concludes that the width of the weaving needle has the smallest influence on weaving capability. The short-high weaving needles have great weaving capability. The increase in velocity can reduce the vibration amplitude and improve the weaving efficiency, but there is a limit to the improvement of the weaving capability.
Design and analysis method of nonlinear helical springs using a combining technique: Finite element analysis, constrained Latin hypercube sampling and genetic programming
Authors: Gu Zewen , Hou Xiaonan , Ye Jianqiao
Published: April 2021

Helical springs have been widely used in various engineering applications for centuries. For many years, there is no significant development in the design methods of helical springs. Recently, a renewed interest is raised from the industry in exploring new designs for the helical springs with novel configurations due to the requirements of customised properties, such as specific spring stiffness and natural frequency for better performance of valve train systems. In this paper, an innovative method which combines the techniques of Finite Element Analysis (FEA), constrained Latin Hypercube sampling (cLHS) and Genetic Programming (GP) is developed to design and analyse helical springs with arbitrary shapes. cLHS method is applied to generate 300 sets of spring samples within a constrained design domain, and FE analysis is conducted on these spring samples. Two meta-models are developed from the 300 sets of FE results by using GP. They successfully describe the relationships between the design parameters and the overall mechanical performances including compression force and fundamental natural frequency of helical springs. The results show that the developed models have robust abilities on designing helical springs with arbitrary shapes, which significantly expands the design domain of the engineering design methods and potential for precise optimization of helical springs.
Towards understanding enabling environments for good practices in disaster risk management: an analysis of critical junctures in Manizales, Colombia
Authors: Wesely Julia
Published: April 2021

The city of Manizales in Colombia has been widely recognized as a good practice case in disaster risk management (DRM). Previous research has sought to amplify learning from Manizales through examining the characteristics of its innovative practices. These are championed by an inter-institutional alliance that includes academia, the local government, the regional environmental authority and service providers. This paper argues that this learning needs to be accompanied by a nuanced understanding of the historical trajectories that have allowed Manizales to create and consolidate its current enabling environment for DRM. The argument derives from an analysis of fieldwork data, including semi-structured interviews, participant observation and secondary data, through a critical juncture approach. Focusing on the critical juncture of seasonal heavy rains in 2003, the paper illustrates how institutional changes configured cultural–cognitive, regulatory and normative conditions for the emergence of one of Manizales’ most recognized good practices, the Guardians of the Slope programme.
Recently acquired HIV infections and associated factors among men who have sex with men diagnosed at Dutch sexual health centres
Authors: Slurink Isabel , van Aar Fleur , Parkkali Saara , Heijman Titia , Götz Hannelore , Kampman Karlijn , van Weert Yolanda , van Benthem Birgit , van de Laar Thijs , Op de Coul Eline ,   for the RITA surveillance network of sexual health centres
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Surveillance for recent HIV infections was implemented at Dutch sexual health centres (SHCs) for planning and evaluation of HIV prevention initiatives. The study objective is twofold: (1) to explore trends in recent HIV infections and associated socio-demographic and behavioural risk factors among men who have sex with men (MSM )attending SHCs, to gain insight into subgroups at risk for acquiring HIV and(2) to illustrate how comparison with different reference groups affect associations with these risk factors. Methods: Residual plasma or serum samples from MSM newly HIV diagnosed at SHCs in 2014–2017 were tested with an avidity assay. Multinomial regression was used to analyse risk factors for recent HIV infections among MSM with established HIV infections among MSM and with HIV-negative MSM as reference groups. Results: Of newly diagnosed MSM, 33% were classified as recent HIV infection with avidity testing. Combining HIV-negative test results with avidity outcomes resulted in 54% recent infections. Recent infection was associated with having an STI in the past, multiple partners and condom use for both reference groups of MSM. Additionally, relative to the HIV-negative MSM, recent infection was associated with education and having a non-Western origin. In contrast, relative to MSM with established HIV infections, recent infection was associated with Western origin. Conclusion: Our results suggest ongoing but declining transmission of HIV and high uptake of HIV testing among MSM visiting SHCs. The identification of risk factors for recent infections can help healthcare professionals to target subgroups eligible for PrEP or condom use promotion. Differentiation by the reference group in explanatory models for recent infections is important as different risk factors were identified. Likely, associations relative to HIV-negative MSM follow those of acquiring HIV infection in general, whereas the comparison with the established HIV infection reference rather reflects the frequent testing behaviour of subgroups of MSM.
Effect of in-service burnout effect on the transonic leakage flows over cavity tip model
Authors: Saleh Zainab J , Avital Eldad J , Korakianitis Theodosios
Published: April 2021

Increasing the gas temperature at the inlet to the high pressure turbine of gas turbine engines is known as a proven method to increase the efficiency of these engines. However, this will expose the blades’ surface to very high heat load and thermal damages. In the case of the un-shrouded turbine blades, the blade tip will be exposed to a significant thermal load due to the developed leakage flows in the tip gap, this leads to in-service burnout which degrades the blade tip and shortens its operational life. This paper studies the in-service burnout effect of the transonic tip flows over a cavity tip which is a configuration commonly used to reduce the tip leakage flows. This investigation is carried out experimentally within a transonic wind tunnel and computationally using steady and unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes approaches. Various flow measurements are established and different flow behaviour including separation bubbles, shockwave development and distinct flow interactions are captured and discussed. It is found that when the tip is exposed to the in-service burnout, leakage flow behaves in a significantly different way. In addition, the effective tip gap becomes much larger and allows higher leakage mass flow rate in comparison to the sharp-edge tip (i.e. a tip at the beginning of its operational life). The tip leakage losses are found much higher for the round-edge cavity tip (i.e. a tip exposed to burn-out effect). Experimental and computational flow visualisations, surface pressure measurements and discharge coefficient variation are given and analysed for several pressure ratios across the tip gap.
The signs of frenetic standstill: The concept of change in the discourse of lifelong learning and the tempo of the Czech National Qualifications Framework
Authors: Karger Tomáš
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study is to interpret recent developments in the field of adult education in the Czech Republic through the theory of social acceleration. The study is designed as focused ethnography, drawing upon observation, interviewing, and document analysis. The material is read through the concepts of acceleration and frenetic standstill and contextualized in the discourses on industry 4.0 and recognition of prior learning. The study shows how the notion of constant technological change drives the Czech discourse of adult education, introducing a sense of urgency and pressing for faster developments in the further education of adults. However, the field of adult education exhibits a lack of consistency in its development, translating into absenting sense of progress. Within this context, the Czech National Qualifications Framework (NQF) has produced a steady output of qualification standards even though its internal processes have been prolonged. The tempo of the NQF and the absenting sense of progress can be read as signs of a frenetic standstill, accompanied by a high fluctuation of individuals on all levels of an organizational hierarchy. The study argues that acceleration is not driven by technological change in the observed context as the examined discourses expect. Instead, social acceleration seems to be perpetuating itself as a relatively independent force, eroding institutions that are seen as key in adapting to the incoming transition.
Electrochemical and thermal properties of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites for energy storage applications
Authors: Nath A.K. , Sarma Bhaswati
Published: April 2021

The present work gives an outline of electrochemical and thermal properties of single ion conducting polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites. High resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies prove the intercalation of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) inside the interlayer galleries of montmorillonite (MMT) silicate. Scanning electron microscopy reveals porosity increases with increasing MMT concentration. Room temperature ionic conductivity of 1.2 × 10−5 S cm−1 has been obtained. Electrochemical stability increases with increasing MMT concentration attaining the highest value of 4.2 V at 20 wt.% of MMT. Thermal properties substantiate decomposition temperature in the range of 300–374°C for the nanocomposites.
Book review: Devesh Kapur and Pratap Bhanu Mehta (eds.), Navigating the Labyrinth: Perspectives on India’s Higher Education
Authors: Venkataraman L. N.
Published: April 2021

Devesh Kapur and Pratap Bhanu Mehta (eds.), Navigating the Labyrinth: Perspectives on India’s Higher Education. Orient BlackSwan, 2019, 273 pp., ₹595, ISBN: 9789352872763 (Paperback).
Book review: Yoginder Kumar Alagh, Economic Policy in a Liberalising Economy: Indian Reforms in This Century
Authors: Kumar Surinder
Published: April 2021

Yoginder Kumar Alagh, Economic Policy in a Liberalising Economy: Indian Reforms in This Century. Singapore: Springer, 2018, 89+xiii pp., ₹5,060, ISBN: 9789811328169 (Paperback).
Perceptions of LGBTQI+ diversity in the legal profession: ‘It's happening slow, but it’s certainly happening’
Authors: Ricciardo Aidan , Puttick Stephen , Rogers Shane , Skead Natalie , Tarrant Stella , Thomas Melville
Published: April 2021

This article reports on a qualitative study aimed at understanding how LGBTQI+ law students and recent graduates perceive and experience the legal profession. While we found that several participants self-censor in interactions with the profession, others considered their LGBTQI+ identity as advantageous, enabling them to benefit from ‘diversity hiring’. Despite this, many participants regarded the legal profession as ‘conservative’ and influenced by the ‘old guard’, which remains unaccepting of LGBTQI+ identities. Participants also considered the profession to be more accepting of some LGBTQI+ identities than others. We conclude by suggesting strategies to improve perceptions and experiences of the profession.
Order out of chaos? Autism spectrum disorder coordinators’ impact on service delivery in New Zealand
Authors: Eggleston Matthew , Eggleston Katherine , Thabrew Hiran , Hennig Shannon , Frampton Christopher
Published: April 2021

Objective:

To evaluate the impact of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) coordinators (ASDCs) on key aspects of the experience of obtaining an ASD diagnosis and post-diagnostic supports in New Zealand.

Method:

Members of New Zealand ASD parent support groups were surveyed.

Results:

Of 516 parents, 41.3% had seen an ASDC. The majority were satisfied. Parents who saw ASDCs pre-diagnosis were more likely to be satisfied with the diagnostic process ( p = .04) and saw fewer professionals before receiving a diagnosis ( p = .04). Parents who had seen ASDCs post-diagnosis were more likely to be satisfied with post-diagnostic supports ( p < .001) and their coordination ( p < .001).

Conclusions:

ASDCs are well regarded by parents and improve key aspects of the process of obtaining an ASD diagnosis and post-diagnostic supports. Given the particularly low rates of parent satisfaction with post-diagnostic supports (23%) and their coordination (19%), ASDCs may be of most value when employed post-diagnosis to assist parents in navigating key supports and co-developing comprehensive individualised care plans.
“We are all a family” Staff Experiences of Working in Children's Blood and Cancer Centers in New Zealand—A Constructivist Grounded Theory
Authors: Aburn Gemma E. , Hoare Karen , Gott Merryn
Published: April 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to explore staff experiences of working in a children's blood and cancer center in New Zealand, with a particular focus on how staff maintain resilience in their work and sustain working in this difficult area. Methods: Constructivist grounded theory (GT) methods were used to collect data using focus groups and individual interviews with all staff (nursing, medical, allied health, cleaning, and support staff) working in the area. Data were analyzed using constant comparative analysis, and data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. Results: The GT constructed in this study is being a work family, which includes three core categories: finding attachment, becoming a work family, and having an identity. Discussion: This study found that regardless of profession or discipline, all staff experience similar feelings about their work, and can develop and enhance their resilience by belonging to a “work family.” Being socially connected to the work family was recognized as the most supportive intervention, and was identified as being of greater value than the traditional one-on-one support that is currently encouraged.
Lean Into the Uncomfortable: Using Trauma-Informed Care to Engage in Shared Decision-Making With Racial Minorities With Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Dhawan Natasha , LeBlanc Thomas W.
Published: April 2021

Discussions involving racial health disparities must include pathways for engaging in shared decision-making with racial/ethnic minorities. Research demonstrates glaring racial and ethnic disparities when it comes to hematologic malignancies from the time of diagnosis to treatment and even at the end of life. Unfortunately, decision-making in these circumstances may be streamlined, given the urgency of the disease, prognostic uncertainty, and varying treatment options. Being diagnosed with cancer is undoubtedly a traumatic experience and a patient’s race and/or ethnicity add an important dimension to their experience. The tenets of trauma-informed care (TIC) are anchored in recognizing that trauma can manifest in several ways and acknowledging the impact of past trauma on a patient’s present and future behaviors. We argue that using a TIC approach may help hematologists create a space for decision-making while minimizing the risk of re-traumatization and perpetuating racial disparities. Using the foundation of TIC, an interprofessional team can begin addressing manifestations of trauma and hopefully mitigate racial and ethnic disparities.
The Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine for Procedural Sedation and Postoperative Behaviors in Pediatric Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Gan Linguang , Zhao Xiaohong , Chen Xiangjian
Published: April 2021

Background:

This study systematically evaluated the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine for procedural sedation and postoperative behaviors in a pediatric population as well as whether the results met the information required to draw conclusions.

Objective:

To evaluate the safety and efficacy evaluation of dexmedetomidine for procedural sedation and postoperative behaviors in a pediatric population.

Methods:

PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science and Ovid MEDLINE were searched to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing dexmedetomidine with control medicine and comparing different doses of dexmedetomidine.

Results:

There were a total of 16 RCTs for a total of 3240 patients. Dexmedetomidine slowed down the heart rate (HR; mean difference: −13.27; 95% CI: −16.41 to 10.14; P < 0.001) and reduced postoperative delirium (risk ratio [RR]: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.20-0.50; P < 0.001), the number of pain patients (RR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.30-0.75; P = 0.002), and desaturation (RR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.13-0.89; P = 0.03) compared with the control group. The limitation was that it was difficult to determine the range of low- and high-dose dexmedetomidine.

Conclusion and Relevance:

Dexmedetomidine slowed down intraoperative HR within the normal range, which might reduce myocardial oxygen consumption. It reduced postoperative pain and postoperative complications: delirium and desaturation. Dexmedetomidine showed no dose-dependent increase in the procedural sedation time of pediatric patients. Clinically, dexmedetomidine can improve pediatric procedural sedation and postoperative behavior, and it can be considered as a related medicine for safety in pediatric surgery.
Effect of ultrasonication and vacuum impregnation pretreatments on the quality of beef marinated in onion juice a natural meat tenderizer
Authors: Demir Hande , Çelik Seyda , Sezer Yasemin Çelebi
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of ultrasonication (US) and vacuum impregnation (VI) pretreatment techniques applied for the improvement of tenderness on the quality of beef ( Longissimus dorsi) traditionally marinated (TM) in onion juice by immersion. TM conditions were 1:5 meat to marinade ratio, final NaCl concentration of 9% (w/v), 4.3 °C and 24 h. US and VI pretreatments significantly ( P < 0.05) improved the marinade uptake, but did not alter the lightness (L*) values of beef samples compared to TM. US for 60 min and VI for 40 min pretreatments reduced the hardness of beef by 28.25 and 21.62%, respectively, compared to TM. US and VI pretreatments significantly ( P < 0.05) reduced tyramine levels of uncooked and marinated beef samples. Marination in onion juice was found to reduce the lipid oxidation level of beef and increase the general liking score in the sensorial evaluation. Onion juice can be used as a natural marinade for the traditional marination of beef with the help of ultrasonication and vacuum impregnation pretreatments.
Who Is At-Risk? An Examination of the Likelihood and Time Variation in the Predictors of Repeated Police Misconduct
Authors: Gullion Christi L. , Orrick Erin A. , Bishopp Stephen A.
Published: April 2021

Increasing transparency and accountability in policing is a top priority for police administrators, community groups, academics, and many others. The internal affairs process is an accountability tool designed to hold officers and agencies accountable to the citizens they serve, yet very little is known about the effect of internal investigative units on such outcomes as subsequent complaints and temporal distances between complaints. This current study examines two critical aspects of the internal affairs process, the likelihood of subsequent complaints and temporal distance between the first and a subsequent complaint of misconduct. Officers’ complaint data were collected from the internal affairs unit of a large, metropolitan police agency in the southwestern United States. Results indicate that a longer time to initial complaint and regional patrol assignment were related to a reduced likelihood of receiving future complaints. Moreover, of those officers who received a subsequent complaint after their initial complaint, more than half did so within the first year, and 94% did so within the first three years of receiving their initial complaint. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings on policy and training opportunities, supervision, mentoring, accountability, and Early Intervention (EI) systems.
The Relationship Between Plasma BDNF and Pain in Older Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Sorkpor Setor K. , Galle Kelli , Teixeira Antonio L. , Colpo Gabriela D. , Ahn Brian , Jackson Natalie , Miao Hongyu , Ahn Hyochol
Published: April 2021

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent cause of chronic pain and disability in people aged ≥45 years, with the knee being the most affected joint. Neurotrophic factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which promotes neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, have been shown to significantly affect chronic pain. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between resting plasma BDNF levels and clinical pain and quantitative sensory testing measures in older adults with knee OA pain. For this secondary analysis, a previously reported dataset was used comprised of older adults with knee OA who underwent quantitative sensory testing. A comprehensive generalized linear model (GLM) was built to understand the relationships between BDNF and important covariates, followed by the elastic net (EN) method for variable selection. GLM was then performed to regress BDNF levels against only the variables selected by EN. The mean age of the sample was 60.4 years ( SD = 9.1). Approximately half of the participants were female (53%). Plasma BDNF levels were positively associated with heat pain threshold and the numeric rating scale of pain. Future mechanistic studies are needed to replicate and extend these findings to advance our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of BDNF in knee OA and other chronic pain conditions.
Introduction: the dynamics of digital communication in the Philippines: legacies and potentials
Authors: Lorenzana Jozon A , Soriano Cheryll Ruth R
Published: April 2021

This special issue brings together six research articles that speak to the dynamics of digital communication in the Philippines, a country firmly located in the global geography of the digital economy and an early adopter and innovator in mobile communication. Increasingly, the rise of digital platforms is spurring on new business models and applications that find a wide range of appropriations in a developing economy with a high level of communication skills and a high level of inequality. These dynamics have, in turn, fuelled the popularity of social media and the populism that has gained international attention and, more critically, taken the country into uncharted political terrain. We introduce this Special Issue by taking stock of the legacies and potentials of digital communication in the country and highlighting how the articles sustain and extend past conversations. Drawing from the articles that cover a range of topics (entertainment, intimacy, labour, journalism and politics, scandals and pornography), we identify three overlapping themes that capture the socio-technical dynamics of digital communication in the Philippines: (1) how digital communication is emplaced in material, social and structural conditions; (2) the potentials of networked publics and communication; and (3) the convertibility of capitals and emergence of new competencies. These dynamics and potentials point to the contradictions, continuities and changes that relate to Philippine modernity in the context of global digital capitalism.
Factors mediating the psychological well-being of healthcare workers responding to global pandemics: A systematic review
Authors: Schneider Jekaterina , Talamonti Deborah , Gibson Benjamin , Forshaw Mark
Published: April 2021

This paper reviewed mediators of psychological well-being among healthcare workers responding to pandemics. After registration on PROSPERO, a systematic review was performed in four databases and 39 studies were included. Worse mental health outcomes, such as stress, depressive symptoms, anxiety and burnout were related to demographic characteristics, contact with infected patients and poor perceived support. Self-efficacy, coping ability, altruism and organisational support were protective factors. Despite limitations in the quality of available evidence, this review highlights the prevalence of poor mental health in healthcare workers and proposes target mediators for future interventions.
The relationship between psychological capital and mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic: A longitudinal mediation model
Authors: Turliuc Maria Nicoleta , Candel Octav Sorin
Published: April 2021

The new Coronavirus has impacted people’s lifestyles, stress, and well-being. Thus, they need personal positive resources to help them during challenging circumstances. With this longitudinal study on 290 participants, we analyzed the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap), measured at the beginning of the lockdown period and some indicators of mental health (depression, anxiety, satisfaction with life) measured after 2 months. Moreover, we examined whether stress (at Time 2) mediates the relationships. Following structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses, the results show that PsyCap has a significant positive effect on satisfaction with life and significant negative effects on depression and anxiety. Stress mediated all the relationships.
Psychosocial well-being and quality of life in siblings of children with congenital heart disease: A systematic review
Authors: Schamong Alice S , Liebermann-Jordanidis Hannah , Brockmeier Konrad , Sticker Elisabeth , Kalbe Elke
Published: April 2021

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a major global health problem. Until recently, the siblings of this group did not receive much attention. This review, conducted from November 2019 to October 2020, aims to summarize knowledge about psychosocial well-being and quality of life (QoL), associated factors, and interventions for siblings of children with CHD. Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Web of Science via EBSCOhost, and CENTRAL. Twelve articles were included. Results showed that psychosocial well-being was impaired in 14% to 40% of siblings. Negative impact of illness was highest for CHD siblings compared to siblings of children with cancer, cystic fibrosis, or diabetes. QoL was impaired in up to one-third. Siblings of children with CHD and cancer rated their QoL lower than those of siblings of children with cystic fibrosis or type-1 diabetes. Associated factors were sibling age, gender, socioeconomic status, miscarriage, previous sibling death, visibility of illness, and severity of condition. Only one of two interventions focused on siblings of CHD children. Although data are scarce and inhomogeneous, it indicates that siblings of CHD children suffer from lower psychosocial well-being and QoL than siblings of children with other chronic conditions. Interventions to improve their situation should be developed.
Living with food allergy: What this means for children
Authors: Stockhammer Debbi , Katelaris Connie H , Simpson Maree D , Vanniasinkam Thiru
Published: April 2021

Health-related knowledge, skills and attitudes that translate to behaviours are important foundations for healthy living. However, deficiencies in any one of these factors have the potential to impact quality of life. This study investigates how Australian children perceive and manage their food allergy as they transition through childhood onto adolescence. To measure this, children aged 12 years and under completed an online survey [under 8 years and 8–12 years] on knowledge, skills and attitudes. Although recruitment involved advertisements to over 700 Australian pre-schools, 44 allergy specialists and multiple representations to the patient support group, Allergy & Anaphylaxis Australia, completion relied on parental notification and/or guidance. Of the 139 participants recruited, 114 commenced the survey with 65 participants under 8 years (58%) and 49 between 8 and 12 years. Results showed participants recognised different ways to keep safe with children under 8 years ( N = 65) 100% cognisant of the need to check with ‘Mum/Dad’ or teachers if they could safely eat food as well as the importance of not swapping lunches, while there was a slight change in compliance for those aged 8–12 years as three (6.1%, n = 3/49) children did not see the necessity of asking an adult/teacher if a food item was safe to eat. Older children were also less likely to tell friends about their food allergy even if they thought they were having an allergic reaction, despite children under 8 years more likely to feel different to friends (38%, n = 24/64) compared to those aged 8–12 years (31%, n = 14/45). Although both groups disliked parents’ fussing, for children under 8 years, there was a strong association between this and ‘feeling different to friends'. Results from this study highlight the importance of normalising food allergy at home and in the community, so children are confident in telling others about their food allergy.
Experimental study on cold-formed steel lipped channel medium-long columns strengthened longitudinally by steel strips or steel bars
Authors: Chen Jianfeng , Yang Xinxin , Yongkang Shen , Chen Mingqi
Published: April 2021

Based on the existing methods of reinforcing cold-formed steel lipped channel column, this paper proposed that reinforced the cold-formed steel lipped channel column longitudinally with steel strips or steel bars for the first time. In order to study the influence of section forms and initial stress ratio on axial compression behavior of columns, a series of pin-pin ends axial compression tests were conducted. The experiment specimens contained 20 concentrically loaded specimens with two cross-section shapes, four initial stress ratios, respectively. It was shown that when reinforcing column longitudinally with the reinforcement, under axial compression, the ultimate bearing capacity of the specimens could significantly increase with little change in the quantity of steel. Moreover, the reinforcing effect of the column decreased linearly with an increase in the initial stress ratio ( β) of the load-strengthened specimens. Here, unloading or partial unloading reinforcement was recommended, and the initial stress ratio should be lower than 0.3. Finally, the experimental results were compared with the calculation results for the axial bearing capacities of the column based on the current Chinese standard (GB50018-2002) and North American standard (AISI). It indicated that for the section prone to local-global interactive buckling, the result calculated by GB50018-2002 is more accurate, but has a large deviation in calculating the section prone to distortional buckling. Results of direct strength method of AISI are the opposite to the result of GB50018-2002.