bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structure of iron furnaces during the Joseon Dynasty in Jeollabuk-do and the background of the construction of iron-producing site
Authors:   Central Institute of Cultural Heritage, Yu Yeong-Chun
Published: July 2022

Of the 250 iron-producing sites distributed in the jeollabuk-do, 9 were from the Joseon Dynasty. Various remains such as smelting furnace, forging furnace, and waste place were investigated through excavation and investigation in the seasonal relics of the Joseon Dynasty. Among them, the smelting furnace is estimated to have a similar planar shape to a rectangular shape with rounded corners, and secondly, there is one discharge port on one long wall with a low terrain and about 19 small wind holes on one side of the long wall. In general, there are wind holes in the long wall opposite the discharge hole for the efficiency of the work. These melting furnaces are a type of so-called “box type furnace” and have similarities such as the planar shape and the presence of small-diameter wind holes from those of Japan, but their structures are generally different. This is intensively distributed in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, including Chungju and Asan, and in particular, in the case of jeollabuk-do, all the smelting roads of the Joseon Dynasty surveyed so far are box type furnaces, so they are local. The produced iron is Bloomery iron, and it is highly likely that not only sand iron but also iron ore (titanium iron ore) was used as the raw material. It is believed that forging furnace was responsible for the function of refining and training-forging, which improved the quality of iron and made the tissue more dense than molding that produced the finished product. In particular, it is highly likely that it is Refining-forging, as there is a large amount of slag inside Okgye-dong Danya-ro, Namwon.
On the other hand, referring to the literature records related to iron production, some of the 250 iron production sites distributed in Jeollabuk-do are believed to have been created and operated according to the iron tax receiving system and social changes during the Joseon Dynasty. In the early Joseon Dynasty, it is thought to be deeply related to the operation of cheolso and cheoljang(steel mills), and in the case of cheoljang, it is deeply related to the Cheoljangdohoe System, which took effect in the 7th year of King Taejong(1407). In the 18th year of King Seongjong (1487), as the Cheoljangdohoe System was abolished and Gakeupchenap system(each town arrears system) was implemented, production seems to have continued around iron reserves in jeollabuk-do. In the late Joseon Dynasty, as mining development and market revitalized, private production increased, and it is estimated that "hiding and producing” was prevalent when high taxes were imposed by the government to control this. The excavated iron production sites are believed to be deeply related to private production as their operation period is concentrated in the late Joseon Dynasty. In particular, considering that most of them were built in deep valleys, it is estimated that they were created by “hiding and producing”.
Impulsive Control and Synchronization for Fractional-Order Hyper-Chaotic Financial System
Authors: Li Xinggui , Rao Ruofeng , Zhong Shouming , Yang Xinsong , Li Hu , Zhang Yulin
Published: July 2022

This paper reports a new global Mittag-Leffler synchronization criterion with regard to fractional-order hyper-chaotic financial systems by designing the suitable impulsive control and the state feedback controller. The significance of this impulsive synchronization lies in the fact that the backward economic system can synchronize asymptotically with the advanced economic system under the effective impulse macroeconomic management means. Matlab LMI-toolbox is utilized to deduce the feasible solution in numerical example, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed methods. It is worth mentioning that the LMI-based criterion usually requires the activation function of the system to be Lipschitz, but the activation function in this paper is fixed and truly nonlinear, which cannot be assumed to be Lipschitz continuous. This is another mathematical difficulty overcome in this paper.
Theory From The Big Bang to Big Crunch and Eternal Vacuum Space
Authors: Ladhani Amrit
Published: July 2022

Contemporary theories of Universe, such as the Friedmann-Lemaître Robertson - Walker (FLRW) model of the cosmos, assume that space and time marches on at a uniform, constant pace from its beginning. But what if that is not the case? It is proposed that the big bang was not the first beginning of the Universe, but rather the Big Bang may have been just a particular moment in the evolution of this always-existing universe, not a true beginning. Universe started from the shortest meaningful length, Planck Length, and the shortest meaningful measure of time, Planck Time. The observed accelerated expansion, which relates the change in the space, to change in the stretching of shrink space for the new theory, is derived. As pressure of shrink space decreases, the expansion of space increases, that is although in general, decelerate in the pressure of shrink space leads to accelerate the stretching of space. (pressure of shrink space approaching zero at the end of accelerated expansion, or all the shrinked space stretches), no need however, for dark energy. The new definition of eternal space enables us to describe a sequence of events from the Big Bang to the Big Crunch.
A Single Fast Test for Semicircular Canal Dehiscence – oVEMP n10 to 4000Hz – Depends on Stimulus Rise-time
Authors: Curthoys Ian Stewart , Burgess Ann Michelle , Manzari Leonardo , Pastras Christopher John
Published: July 2022

We have previously reported that a single test measuring oVEMP n10 to 4000Hz stimuli (either bone-conducted vibration (BCV) or air-conducted sound (ACS)) provides a definitive diagnosis of semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD) in 22 CT-verified patients with a sensitivity of 1.0 and specificity of 1.0. Such a single short screening test has great advantages of speed, minimizing testing time and the exposure of patients to stimulation. However some studies of the 4000Hz test for SCD have reported sensitivity and sensitivity values somewhat less that what we reported.
Effect of Various Parameter on Perihelion Shift and Deflection Angle in Reissner-Nordstrom Spacetime
Authors: Mandal Surajit
Published: July 2022

Study of perihelion shift of Mercury and deflection angle are important aspects for the verification of general relativity. For Schwarzschild geometry both the perihelion shift and weak deflection angle were independent of charge whereas for ReissnerNordstrom space-time charge should effect on both the perihelion shift and deflection angle. This paper shows the perihelion shift decreases with the increases of charge. Effect of other parameters like angular momentum, mass parameter, distance of closest approach on perihelion precession and deflection angle has also discussed. This paper also includes the graphical behavior which verifes our theoretical calculations.
Upper and Lower Hm Estimates for Solutions to Dissipative Systems
Authors: Guterres Robert , Niche César , Perusato Cilon , Zingano Paulo
Published: July 2022

In this work we introduce a novel approach to generate lower and upper L2 estimates for solution derivatives of arbitrary order to a general class of dissipative systems in the case that such estimates are available for the solutions themselves. Our method also works in reverse order: from the L2 estimates of solution derivatives of some (arbitrary) order we can derive lower and upper L2 estimates for the solutions and then to their derivatives of any order. This procedure is based on very simple monotonicity properties combined with standard energy estimates in physical space, following previous ideas of Kreiss, Hagstrom, Lorenz and Zingano. For simplicity, it is applied here in the context of algebraic rates, but the method can be used in other contexts as well (exponential, logarithm, and so forth).
Local Morphology and Internal Architecture of the Kawajiricho 2018 Debris-flow Deposit (Hiroshima, Japan)
Authors: Gomez Christopher , Imai Kenta , Setiawan Anggri Muhammad , Sri Hadmoko Danang , Sartohadi Junun , Saputra Aditya , Bradak Balazs
Published: July 2022

Debris-flows are recurrent events on mountain- and hill- slopes, and they have been the object of numerous field investigations and sampling, however most of this work reposes on imagery and outcrop analysis, in such a way that there are still only a handful of studies investigating the internal architecture of these events’ deposits. In the present contribution, we aims at underneath the internal structure of a portion of a debris-flow deposit that was accessible in the aftermath of the 2018 heavy-rainfall debris-flows in Hiroshima Japan. Using a Ramac Pro-Ex GPR with 500 MHz and 800 MHz antenna, a set of longitudinal and transversal transects was used to characterize the deposit. The results demonstrated that a set of subhorizontal layers have filled the valley, and interacting with local terrace edges, these layers have piled up and overcome the obstacle. Across the valleys, a set of trough suggest the presence of channels that were also filled during the event. Finally, in the channel post-event, a set of radargram “cross-bedded units” shows that the final deposition in the channel was of a more dilute flow, typical of a Newtonian flow. This set of units was not to be found at the surface of the post-event pseudo-surface, suggesting that the flow ended as a debris-flow on this surface, and that it is only when the flow dug the final channel that the nature of the flow returned from debris-flow to Newtonian flow.
SHOPPING MALL AIR PARAMETERS MEASUREMENT SYSTEM SYNTHESIS
Authors: Yevseienko Oleh
Published: July 2022

The article is devoting to a shopping mall air parameters monitoring system creation. It is stated that increasing energy production, the world's population and harmful emissions into the atmosphere requires identifying solutions for searching and reducing the human activities impact on the environment. This issue is urgent because of the fact that environment harmful changes are irreversible. It is known that one of the options for harmful parameters values obtaining information is the construction and implementation of measurement systems, that are called weather stations. Literature review showed that available weather environment stations of temperature and humidity measuring only for the general purposes are designed. It limits the number of parameters that can be measured. The main parameters of the indoor environment that affect human health have been identified. It has been found that high concentrations of some gases can be dangerous for human health. It is shown that the issue of proper operation of the ventilation and air conditioning system and measuring its performance is an urgent task. The main requirements for the weather stations construction were obtained. Microcontroller and sensors synthesis for the weather station construction is made. The structural scheme and the scheme of connection of sensors are developed. The major attention is paid to the algorithms description that shows how air parameters system measurement works. The software system using the selected controller and sensors has been tested. A visualization of displaying the obtained shopping center air parameters has been developed. Based on received data the possibility of carrying out measurements on real object of management is confirmed.
TEMPLATE-BASED MODEL FOR SHORT-TERM FORECASTING OF THE NUMBER OF TRANSACTIONS IN RETAIL CLOTHING STORES
Authors: Haluza Oleksii , Kostiuk Olga , Nikulchenko Artem , Akhiiezer Olena , Aslandukov Mykola
Published: July 2022

Obtaining predictive values of indicators based on historical data represented by time series plays a crucial role in making business decisions in various industries. One of these areas of application is the task of predicting the number of transactions in retail stores in order to optimally plan the working hours of employees and achieve maximum customer satisfaction with the quality of service. The choice of an appropriate time series forecasting model depends on the forecast horizon, as well as the characteristics of the time series, namely trend, seasonality, cyclicality, and irregularity. Traditional time series analysis and forecasting methods are designed to handle a single seasonality in a time series, but in the presence of multiple seasonality, these methods do not work satisfactorily. The use of time series decomposition methods is characterized by computational complexity. The use of machine learning methods is also not always advisable for a number of different reasons. Thus, it is necessary to use simple adaptive models, based on selected patterns, for recurring seasonal data of complex structure. The main goal of this article is to develop a successful adaptive model and propose methods for using it for short-term forecasting of the number of transactions based on time series data. For estimation purposes, a set of hourly time series of the number of customers (transactions) of some retail chain stores, characterized by multiple seasonality, is used. The results of computational experiments show that the proposed template-based model is quite effective for obtaining short-term predictive values. This model, characterized by simplicity, intuitiveness and a minimum number of tuning parameters, can actually be applied to any area of data represented by time series.
Salafi Madrasas: Ideology, Transformation, and Implication for Multiculturalism in Indonesia
Authors: Muthohirin Nafik , Kamaludin Muhammad , Mukhlis Fahrudin
Published: July 2022

Suspicion of Salafi as  terrorist and extremist organization increased after 9/11. Many studies have found that the Salafi ideology contains an exclusive and harsh doctrine of Wahhabism. This article examines the Salafi madrasas which was initially exclusive, rigid, conservative, and anti-state symbols, then transformed into a formal Islamic school that is modern and professional in management, as well as integrating the national education curriculum with Islamic curriculum (diniyyah/boarding school) as a strategy to gain state recognition. Although it is not carried out in all Islamic educational institutions it manages, the transformation of the Salafi madrasas is intended to remove the suspicions of the people who consider them terrorist and extremist group. Therefore, this article also explains the Salafi typology which is divided into two based on the movement model, namely the Ideological Salafi (Purification) and the Jihadist Salafi. Through the multicultural education approach that was written by Bikhu Parekh, this research suggests the implications of the ideas of salafism that are disseminated to the multicultural Indonesian society. This research finds that the Salafi campaign in Indonesia has not completely failed. Salafi madrasas have succeeded in transforming through curriculum integration which aims to reject public suspicion that they are terrorist organizations, in fact this strategy actually attracts upper-middle class people to send their children to Salafi madrasas. 
Relasi Kuasa Keagamaan sebagai Strategi Pemenangan Pasangan Bobby-Aulia Pilkada Kota Medan
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi , Fuhaidah Ulya
Published: July 2022

This paper presents about the religious politics carried out by the Bobby-Aulia couple in winning the Medan City Election. Data was collected by interviewing the informants consisting of the Bobby-Aulia pair's success/winning team. From the interviews conducted, it was found that the political religious communication strategy carried out by the Bobby-Aulia couple in winning the Pilkada was by building and strengthening power relations in religious organizations by packaging political messages promising not to be nepotism in the election of officials, and to collaborate between religious communities and make a plural society as a force in the development of the city of Medan. Using campaign jargon with religious language, namely 'Medan Berkah' to show emotional closeness to Islamic groups as the majority voters. In addition, political communication through the pulpit of da'wah by consolidating the clerics who are indirectly involved in the winning machine.
The Imaginary Pilgrimage: The Narrative of Going Home in the Javanese-Moslems Migrant’ Slametan Ritual in Maluku
Authors: Tupan Jobert , Lattu Izak Y.M , Therik Wilson M.A.
Published: July 2022

Migration is not only the movement of people to settle elsewhere, but also cultural displacement. This study reveals the Moslemss tradition among migrants from Central Java in Waihatu, Maluku. The approach of this research is qualitative with the type of research is netnography. Data collection techniques were carried out through documentation, observation and virtual interviews. The subject of this research is the young generation of Javanese Moslemss who are vulnerable to being contaminated by radicalism and extremism and or the essence of Javanese culture. The results of this study are the village slametan ritual in Wahatu is a manifestation of society and its cultural movement. Even though the culture became vacuum due to the disconnection of local wisdom between generations, and was inundated by obstacles due to the local socio-political situation, the event was then revitalized. After being revitalized, the village slametan ritual emerged with its new nuances related to the narrative of an imaginary pilgrimage that was held through spatial and current deterritorialization without Kejawen dimensions and pluralism. The slametan ritual performed by migrantsMoslemss in the village in Waihatu, Maluku, includes; 1) Pendem wedhus kendit; 2) Kungkum; and 3) Cultural carnival. This celebration is the only narrative of going home and as a spiritual theater for Moslemss immigrants. The younger generation of Moslemss immigrants are expected to be moderate actors in achieving prosperity in the village through increasing economic and social solidarity without Javanese culture and recognizing their social life in Maluku.
Determinants of the Coexistence Dual Form of Malnutrition in Pairs of Mother and Child Aged 6 – 59 Months in Bogor District 2019
Authors: Krismanita Maulina Dwi , Triyanti Triyanti , Syafiq Ahmad , Sudiarti Trini
Published: July 2022

The dual form of malnutrition (DFM) is defined as multiple nutritional problems in the same household and time. This study aimed to determine the related factor to DFM incidence in pairs of mothers and children aged 6–59 months in Bogor District in 2019. This cross-sectional study used secondary data on the Nutrition and Health of Babakan Madang Subdistrict Toddlers in 2019 and Nutrition Intake and Stunting of Children Under-Five in Bogor District, West Java Province, involving a total sample of 274 households. The dependent variable in this study was DFM, while the independent variables were maternal age during pregnancy, maternal height, maternal breastfeeding history, parity, family income, mother's and father's education level. Bivariate analysis involving the Chi-square test and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression tests was used in this study. The results revealed that DFM incidence in the Babakan Madang Subdistrict in 2019 was 42%. The determinants of DFM that were significantly related were maternal height (p-value = 0.000), maternal breastfeeding history (p-value = 0.027), and parity (p-value = 0.049). The analysis results showed that the dominant factor in the prevalence of DFM was the maternal height (OR = 2.704; 95% CI = 1.615-4.528). It is recommended to improving nutrition in adolescence, especially in the case of girls in their role as future mothers.
Interprofessional Collaborative Practice and Health Workers Retention at Remote Primary Health Care: Case Study from Nusantara Sehat Team-based Program
Authors: Soewondo Prastuti , Pujisubekti Retno , Prastyani Ade Widyati , Rahmayanti Nurul Maretia
Published: July 2022

The Nusantara Sehat Team (NST), established in 2015 and consist of multi-professional health workers, implemented to provide comprehensive services at remote primary health cares (PHCs) for two years. This study aimed to explore how the NST leverages the Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) and its impact on the future career prospects of health workers. Using a qualitative approach, the information was gathered from 48 informants drawn from the current 30 NST recruits and 18 alumni through semi-structured interviews. Of these 48, 20 were clinical practitioners, while the rest were non-clinical health workers. The findings revealed several challenges in promoting collaborative practice, including the community's high demand for curative services, the unclear division of tasks among the NST and local PHC staff, and inadequate health facility support. The curriculum of IPC was yet to be included in the pre-service education and in-service training before NST, allowing the staff to enter the workplace and collaborate, especially in the backward areas. The institutional support through macro and meso policies has yet to enable collaborative-practice ready workers adequately. Other factors such as personal values, family expectations, gender roles, and career sustainability also affected the retention of personnel in the NST.
An Approach to Monitoring of Magnetic Parameters of Cores of a Chain of Spheres. Diagnostics of Different Chain’s Length and Core’s Radius
Authors: Sandulyak A. A. , Sandulyak D. A. , Gorpinenko Y. O. , Sandulyak A. V. , Ershova V. A.
Published: July 2022

The basic structural elements of the magnetized granular medium (effectively used, in particular, in apparatus of thin magnetic separation) are granule chains (according to channel-by-channel model), in connection with which there is a need to detail the features of their magnetization. The purpose of the work is to develop and implement an approach to measuring magnetic (micro)flows along the cores of different radius r in the chain of granules using a specially developed (by printed circuit board technology) sensor, with high radius R (15 and 20 mm) spheres available for such measurements.

From the data of measuring magnetic (micro)flows data of average induction in each of the quasi-continuous cores of the spheres chain are obtained, as well as data of magnetic permeability and susceptibility of these cores, their magnetization for different values of the intensity of the magnetizing field. It is shown that dependences of mentioned magnetic parameters from number n spheres in a chain are generalized on r /R for different R.

These relationships, increasing as n increases due to a decrease in the demagnetizing factor N of any of the cores and the chain as a whole, demonstrate the achievement of individually limiting values of magnetic parameters and corresponding auto-model regions where N→0. At the same time, the transition to each of these regions, manifesting almost independently of r /R and intensity, falls on the value of n = 10–12 = [n]. Thus, in fact, such a criterion value [n] distinguishes chains by sufficiently “long” – when n ≥ [n] and “short” – when 2 ≤ n ˂ [n]. Data of demagnetizing factor for different cores of “short” chains of spheres are obtained and phenomenologically described.
Pore-Scale Modeling of Immiscible Displacement In Porous Media: The Effects of Dual Wettability
Authors: Cha Luming , Feng Qihong , Wang Sen , Xu Shiqian , Xie Chiyu
Published: July 2022

Many naturally occurring porous media contain different types of grains with different wettabilities, therefore, understanding the effect of wettability heterogeneity on multiphase flow in porous media is important. We investigate the immiscible displacement during imbibition in a dual-wettability porous medium by direct pore-scale modeling. We propose a heterogeneous index (HI) to quantify the wettability heterogeneity. Our simulations on the capillary rise in dual-wettability tubes are compared with theoretical predictions, which verifies the numerical method. Our simulation results on the displacement in the dual-wettability porous media show that the wettability heterogeneity has a great impact on the fluid distribution, the capillary pressure curve, and the relative permeability curve. With the increase of wettability heterogeneity (HI), more capillary fingers are found during the displacement, the recovery rate of nonwetting fluid decreases, and the capillary pressure and the relative permeability of the wetting fluid decrease.
Zinc Finger Protein-Activating Transcription Factor stimulates the angiogenesis and maturity of the neovessels in the Mouse With Hindlimb ischemia and Rat mesenteric Assay
Authors: Lian Lishan , Chen Zuoguan , Diao Yongpeng , Li Yongjun
Published: July 2022

Objective: The effect of Zinc Finger Protein-Activating Transcription Factor ( ZFP-ATF) stimulating the angiogenesis and maturity of neovascularization with the overexpression of the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF )were investigated in a mouse ischemia hindlimb model and rat mesenteric assay；Methods: After the synthesis of ZFP-ATP, the ischemic hindlimb mice were successfully constructed. ZFP-ATF, VEGF165 and saline control were injected into the ischemic muscles, respectively. After 14 days, the number of mice with different ischemic degree was counted, moreover,the ischemic gastrocnemius and soleus muscle were harvested for the immunohistochemical staining and VEGF protein analysis.Besides, in the rat mesenteric assay, ZFP-ATF, VEGF165 and saline control were injected into mesenteric adipose tissues, respectively. After 14 days, the number of neovessels in different groups was calculated. Meanwhile, mesenteric immunofluorescence staining was performed to evaluate the pericyte coverage.Results: In the mouse with the ischemic hindlimb, the expression of VEGF protein in the ZFP-ATF group was significantly higher,at the same time, the number of neovessels in the ZFP-ATF evaluated by CD31 staining was significantly increased than that in the VEGF165 and blank control group. Besides, in the rat mesenteric assay, the number of neovessels in the ZFP-ATF group was dramatically increased compared with VEGF165 and blank group. In mesenteric immunofluorescence staining, the ZFP-ATF group had a more complete and successive pericytes coverage. Conclusion: ZFP-ATF stimulating the endogenous physiological angiogenesis can promote the more mature neovascularization with the complete pericyte coverage.
The role of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with vulvar squamous carcinoma: findings based on the SEER database
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Tao , Sun Jing
Published: July 2022

Introduction: The role of postoperative radiotherapy in treating squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva remains controversial. This study evaluated the effect of radiotherapy on the survival of patients with postoperative squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva.Methods： Clinical and prognostic information on patients diagnosed with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma from 2010 to 2015 was collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Prognosis (SEER) database. A propensity score matching (PSM) approach was used to balance the differences in clinicopathological characteristics between groups. The impact of postoperative radiotherapy on overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) was assessed.Results： The study included 3629 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, of whom 767 (21.1%) underwent postoperative radiotherapy. After propensity score matching, multivariate analysis showed that Age, M stage, tumor size, and lymph node surgery were independent prognostic factors affecting patient survival. Postoperative radiotherapy improved patients' overall survival and disease-specific survival. Further subgroup survival analysis showed that overall survival was significantly improved among patients who received radiotherapy in patients with Grade III, IV, AJCC stage III, N1, lymph node metastasis, large tumor diameter, and those who received chemotherapy.Conclusion: Postoperative radiotherapy may provide a survival benefit for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, especially for AJCC stage III, lymph node metastases, large tumor diameter, and those receiving postoperative chemotherapy.
Analysis of α-isopropylmalate synthase variant and its effect on L-leucine synthesis in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Guo Yan-Feng , Lu Yu , Song Lei , Liu Jinghua , Wang Yi-Lei , Wang Chuan-Bao , Meng Guo-Qing
Published: July 2022

Purpose: L-Leucine is an essential amino acid for humans since it is only synthesized in fungi, bacteria, and plants. Its production has not been well documented as L-lysine and L-glutamic acid due to multivalent regulation and longer synthesis pathways. In Corynebacterium glutamicum, L-leucine synthesis is strongly regulated at α-isopropylmalate synthase (α-IMPS) node by the end product. Amino acid substitutions of the α-IMPS variant from strain ARTP-L04 were analyzed, and the α-IMPS variant was further characterized. To enhance the L-leucine production, the effect of α-IMPS variant was also evaluated.Methods: In the present study, construction of plasmid and recombination strain, protein expression and purification, enzymatic properties, fermentation, and amino acid analysis were performed.Results: Compared with leuA from wild-type strain ATCC 13032, 10 nucleotide exchanges were identified in the α-IMPS variant, leading to amino acid exchanges of Gly92Asp, Ile162Val, Gln494Arg, and Gly526Asp. Furthermore, the α-IMPS variant was expressed and characterized. It was found that the α-IPMS variant exhibited higher resistance to feedback inhibition by L-leucine. In the presence of 20 mM L-leucine, over 50% of α-IPMS variant activity was still observed. However, there was no significant difference in specific activity between the α-IPMS variant and wild-type α-IPMS. Therefore, the α-IPMS variant almost removed inhibition by L-leucine. Interestingly, co-expression of α-IPMS and AHAS both from strain ARTP-L04 could significantly enhance L-leucine production, accumulating 7.79 g/L L-leucine.Conclusions: Mutation that occurred in the α-IPMS variant played an important role in feedback resistance, almost removing feedback inhibition by L-leucine. In C. glutamicum, the expression of the α-IPMS variant could significantly enhance L-leucine production, especially when it was co-expressed with AHAS. Collectively, our findings provided valuable insights into further development in gene engineering.
Cyber-physical systems destruction methodic for improving the strategic security of smart cities
Authors: Fomin Nikolai A. , Meshcheryakov Roman V. , Iskhakov Andrey Y.
Published: July 2022

In this study, a methodology for disabling a multi-sensor cyber-physical system (CPS) is considered. By disabling the cyber-physical system is meant to simulate deliberate interference in the functioning of the system, checking the Lyapunov stability and determining a set of measures to improve the functioning. The M2 methodology is based on the system deactivation and determination of cyber-physical water supply systems (CPWSS) stability. The purpose of the methodology is to generate a list of requirements for the CPS. These requirements are the feedback loop of the cyber-physical system model. It is possible to improve the security level of the CPS operation of smart cities. In the example of the created methodology of CPS deactivation it was possible to evaluate CPWSS to carry out simulation of deactivation and to form the list of requirements to water supply systems for modern smart cities. Research is based on the methodologies of security and functioning of modern CPS and knowledge of the problems of water resources control.
Novel Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assay for in vivo visualization of the protein-protein interactions and cellular protein complex localizations
Authors: Shi Zhonggang , Gao Xing , Zhang Wenrui , Chen Binghong , Wang Mengying , Liao Keman , Wang Zhihan , Ren Li , Qiu Yongming , lin yingying
Published: July 2022

The study of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is critical for understanding cellular processes within biological systems. The bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay provides a convenient approach for visualization of protein-protein interactions in living cells. A series of fluorescence proteins have been introduced into BiFC system, though new fluorescent proteins need to be brought in this assay. Here, we applied TagBFP2 into BiFC for the first time to verify the interaction between two proteins, and EYFP was set as a positive control. Both fluorescent proteins performed well in our study. Compared to EYFP, the BiFC system based on TagBFP2 showed a higher signal-to-noise ratio, which helps us distinguish the signal of PPIs from noise. With the joining of TagBFP2, we have another color option when we conduct BiFC assay. Especially, the green or yellow channel was occupied by a fluorescent secondary antibody in immunofluorescence application, or an interest protein tagged with a fluorescent protein. BiFC assay presented here is quite easy-to-follow, reliable, and reproducible, which can be completed within 1 week without using costly instruments and technologies that demand a high skill set.
TaPYL4, an ABA receptor gene of wheat, positively regulates plant drought adaptation through modulating the osmotic stress-associated processes
Authors: Zhang Yanyang , Zhao Yingjia , Li Tianjiao , Ni Chenyang , Han Le , Du Pingping , Xiao Kai
Published: July 2022

Background: Abscisic acid receptors (ABR) involve transduction of the ABA signaling in plants, impacting largely on stress-defensive physiological processes and plant osmotic stress response. In this study, we characterized TaPYL4, a gene of ABR family in T. aestivum, in mediating plant drought tolerance given scarcity of functional characterization on wheat ABR members thus far. Results: TaPYL4 harbors nine conserved domains shared by its PYL counterparts, targeting onto plasma membrane and nucleus after endoplasmic reticulum assortment. TaPYL4 interacts with TaPP2C2 whereas the latter with TaSnRK2.1, which establish a core module of the ABA signaling pathway. TaPYL4 expression was upregulated in root and aerial tissues upon drought stress. Overexpressing TaPYL4 conferred plants improved growth traits whereas knockdown expression of target gene alleviated growth feature compared with wild type under drought treatment. The TaPYL4-enhanced drought adaptation associates gene function in positively regulating stomata movement, osmolyte biosynthesis, and root system architecture (RSA) establishment. Transgene analysis on the P5CS family genes involving proline biosynthesis indicated that TaP5CS1 exerts critical roles in promoting osmolytes accumulation in drought-challenged TaPYL4 lines. TaPIN9, a PIN-FORMED gene modulating cellular auxin translocation, was validated to function as a crucial mediator in defining RSA establishment underlying TaPYL4 regulation. Transcriptome analysis revealed that TaPYL4 controls transcription of numerous genes, which impact on physiological processes associated with ‘biological process’, ‘molecular component’, and ‘cellular process’. Moreover, the differentially expressed genes mediated by TaPYL4 were closely related to jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathwaysConclusions: Our investigation suggested that TaPYL4 acts as a positive regulator in plant drought tolerance and a valuable target for engineering drought-tolerant cultivars in T. aestivum.
A square-grid sampling support to reconcile systematicity and adaptivity in the periodic spatial survey of natural resources
Authors: Bouriaud Olivier , Morneau François , Bontemps Jean-Daniel
Published: July 2022

Spatially balanced sampling is the most efficient design for surveying continuous or spatial populations across space. The spatial sampling of large-scale surveys is mostly based on grids, whose properties drive, and potentially limit, the possibilities of building flexible samples. Conciliating spatial balance and flexibility remains difficult. In particular, periodicity causes high constraints to the sampling particularly when an increase in the frequency of the information delivery is sought. Sampling stratification of adaptive sampling intensity also conflicts the grid-based approach.We show that square grids have geometric homothetic properties that enable to answer these needs by supporting nested hierarchical subgrid sets. These properties can be exploited to cope with both spatial flexibility in the sampling effort and spatio-temporal coordination of samples. Whereas some surveys seemingly do exploit these properties practically across the world, no formal development has been made available in the survey sampling literature across fields of applications.Here we therefore define and demonstrate these properties, and show how they can be used to produce nested hierarchical grids compatible with multiple periodicity values of interest to natural monitoring, and with adapting sampling intensity across space and time. We also provide an original extension of this framework, intended to tune the sampling effort gradually while preserving spatial systematicity. We use the French National Forest Inventory survey to illustrate these properties and their use in a large-scale repeated inventory. We show the flexibility and diversity of sampling schemes that can be initiated with square grids and the limits of their use.
NRF2/ARE-mediated antioxidant response to glaucoma: Role of astrocytes and retinal ganglion cells
Authors: Naguib Sarah , Backstrom Jon R , Artis Elisabeth , Ghose Purnima , Haider Ameer , Ang John , Calkins David J , Rex Tonia
Published: July 2022

Background: Glaucoma, the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is associated with age and sensitivity to intraocular pressure (IOP). We use an inducible mouse model, in which we detect increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In response, the retina elicits an endogenous antioxidant response mediated by Nuclear factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor that binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE). Blocking this pathway results in earlier and greater glaucoma pathology. In this study, we sought to determine if this endogenous antioxidant response occurs within the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) or astrocytes, and if overexpression of NRF2 in RGCs is neuroprotective. Methods: We used Nrf2 fl/fl mice and cell-type specific adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) expressing Cre, we altered Nrf2 levels in either the RGCs or astrocytes. Then, we quantified the endogenous antioxidant response, visual function and histology after IOP elevation. Results: Knockdown of Nrf2 in either cell type reduced the endogenous antioxidant response, accelerated and exacerbated visual function deficits and increased axon degeneration in the optic nerve. Overexpression of Nrf2 in the RGCs resulted in lower superoxide levels, preservation of the photopic negative response (PhNR) amplitude, and decreased axon degeneration after IOP elevation. Conclusions: Together, these data suggest that the endogenous Nrf2/ARE-mediated antioxidant response is either driven by both cell types and/or there is extensive ROS-mediated communication between these cell-types in glaucoma. Regardless, RGC-directed Nrf2 overexpression is a viable therapeutic approach for the treatment of glaucoma.
Trends and determinants of diarrhea among under-five children in Gambia, evidence from 2013 – 2019/20 Gambian demographic and health survey; multilevel binary logistic regression and multivariate decomposition analysis
Authors: Agmas Yitateku Adugna , Asmare Abebew Aklog
Published: July 2022

Background
Diarrhea is the opening of three and more movable or liquid stools per day, or more frequently than is common for the individual. It is usually an indicator of gastrointestinal infection which can be caused by a variety of bacterial, viral, and parasitic organisms.
Objective
This study aimed to analyze the trend and determinants of diarrhea prevalence among under-five children within the Gambia for the last five years (2013–2019/20).
Methods
A total of 6,705 in 2013, and 5,780 in 2019/20 under-five aged children were involved in this study. Multivariate decomposition and multilevel analysis based on a binary logistic regression analysis approach were performed.
Results
74.57% of the change in diarrhea prevalence over time was attributable to differences in behavior. Unimproved water source (AOR = 1.4061; 95% CI: 1.0415–1.8982), Wollof ethnicity (AOR = 1.5442; 95% CI: 1.2196–1.9551), not vaccinated for rotavirus (AOR = 3.1476; 95% CI: 2.1486–4.6110) and for measles (AOR = 1.5128; 95% CI: 1.2384–1.8479), average birth size (AOR = 0.8038; 95% CI: 0.6555–0.9855), child age less than one year (AOR = 0.6160; 95% CI: 0.4710–0.8057).
Conclusion
The prevalence of diarrhea was significantly increased over the last five years and the decline was due to differences in behavior between the surveys. Source of drinking water, ethnicity, birth size, age of children, rotavirus, and measles vaccine were significantly associated with diarrhea among under-five children in the Gambia. Therefore, the Gambian régime should attention to the creation and topping up of behavioral change packages of the public regarding the protection of hygiene and sanitation of the community and their environment, vaccinating of their children to prevent diarrheal disease.
Classifying and mapping cultural ecosystem service using artificial intelligence and social media data
Authors: Mouttaki Ikram , Bagdanavičiūtė Ingrida , Maanan Mohamed , Erraiss Mohammed , Rhinane Hassan , Maanan Mehdi
Published: July 2022

For managers of coastal areas, data and statistics on the usage and appreciation of nature are important. Utilization of social media platforms, such as the photo-sharing website Flickr, is a potential trend. We propose a unique strategy based on machine learning (image analysis) and convolutional neural network (CNN) for assessing cultural ecosystem services (CES) by collecting, and interpreting 29,000 photographs from the Lithuanian costal area. The most often represented CES categories were landscape appreciation and social recreation, which reflects the evident benefits. Similarly, historical monuments and environmental enjoyment were well represented. Engagements with CES followed distinct geographical and temporal patterns that were related to user behavior and reflected the infrastructure features of various places along the Lithuanian coast. Due to the data's extensive spatial coverage and high spatio-temporal resolution, this technique is suitable for finding CES hotspots/cold spots and, despite limits, holds promising potential for monitoring the impact of management actions on CES provision. Our study demonstrates how analyzing large amounts of digital photographs expands the analytical toolbox available to researchers and allows the quantification and mapping of CES at large geographical scales.
Clinicopathological features of patients with wide local excision of eyelid malignant neoplasms: a more than five years retrospective study from China
Authors: Han Yuanyuan , Kong Miao , Luo Yan , Sun Bin , Wang Zhiqiang , Zhang Hong
Published: July 2022

Background: To investigate the correlation between the clinical and pathological characteristics and outcomes in patients with eyelid malignant tumors underwent wide local excision.Methods: This retrospective study included 141 cases of eyelid malignant neoplasms from January 2010 to December 2015 in Shanxi eye hospital. Demographic and clinical information were collected. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival curves, and the log-rank test method was used to compare survival between groups. Cox proportional regression models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HR) of total recurrence rate and metastasis rate.Results: Overall, there were 141 eyelid malignant neoplasms cases aged 65.00 ± 9.69 (range, 41 - 88) years old. The duration time range was from 1 to 828 (61.09 ± 122.21) months. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common of all eyelid malignancies, accounting for 84 (59.5%), followed by Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC, 41, 29%), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC, 11, 7.8%), Malignant Melanoma (MM, 3, 2.1%)。On cox-regression analysis, pathological classification (HR 1.959; 95% CI 1.012-3.790; p=0.046) and eyelid tumor surgery history (HR 17.168; 95% CI 1.889-156.011; p=0.012) were independently associated with recurrence in patients with eyelid malignant neoplasm. Pathological classification (HR 2.177; 95% CI 1.423 -3.331; p<0.001) was independently associated with metastasis in patients with eyelid malignant neoplasm. Recurrence and metastasis were most likely to occur in 3 years after surgery. Conclusion: Wide local excision is an effective and economical treatment for eyelid malignant neoplasms. The prognosis is mainly related to pathological types, eyelid tumor surgical history and TNM stages.
LARP6 induces sphingolipid metabolism imbalance to suppress colorectal cancer metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation
Authors: Zhou Jun , Long Xiaoli , Liu Xunhua , Chen Jianxiong , Lan Jiawen , Zhang Sijing , Zhou Miao , Guo Dan
Published: July 2022

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key drivers for post-transcriptional mechanisms of cancer progression. In this study, we found that LARP6 expression is downregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) and correlates with patients' overall survival and relapse-free survival. Altered LARP6 expression influenced invasion and metastasis ability of CRC cells. Mechanistically, by post-transcriptional regulation on ZNF267 expression, LARP6 inhibits SGMS2-mediated sphingomyelin synthesis, resulting in sphingolipid homeostasis imbalance. Meanwhile, we also found that LARP6 enhances autophagy activity of CRC cells, and more interestingly, this enhancement is at least partially dependent on inhibition of SGMS2-mediated sphingomyelin synthesis. In conclusion, our study elucidates a novel mechanism by which LARP6/ZNF267/SGMS2 axis suppresses CRC metastasis, and provides a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
C-reactive protein, Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, Platelet/lymphocyte ratio, Monocyte/lymphocyte ratio among adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A preliminary study
Authors: zhang Renyun , Liang Xinhao , Wang Bo , Ma Haibo , yang limin
Published: July 2022

Background: Inflammatory cytokines are involved in the pathophysiological process of various mental disorders.CRP,Neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR),monocyte/lymphocyte (MLR),platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) are commonly used and readily available inflammatory markers in clinic，However, their results in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are few and inconsistent. Methods: We did an exploratory analysis, including (1) comparison of plasma CRP concentration and NLR, PLR, and MLR values in 53 AN patients and 55 healthy controls, and (2) correlation of age,body mass index (BMI),and disease course with CRP concentration and NLR,PLR,and MLR values (after logarithmic transformation).To explore the relationship between malnutrition and inflammatory indicators. Results: The plasma levels of CRP and MLR in AN Patients were significantly lower than those in the normal control group, while NLR and PLR were significantly increased. In all researchers. CRP and MLR were positively correlated with BMI, while NLR and PLR were negatively correlated with BMI. However, such correlation was only correlated with CRP in AN patient, positively correlated with age and BMI, and negatively correlated with the course of disease. Conclusions: The CRP level was negatively correlated with the course of disease in AN patient. The course of disease was independent risk factor for CRP level in AN patients.