bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUIMI CRUSH: ATIVIDADE LÚDICA PARA O ENSINO DE QUÍMICA ORGÂNICA
Authors: Teixeira Pires Diego Arantes , Alves do Nascimento Leonardo , Mira Medeiros Tatyana , Batista Loja Luiz Fernando
Published: December 2018

Atualmente paira sobre a área de Ciências Naturais, e principalmente na disciplina de Química, uma grande preocupação em relação ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem de conceitos científicos. Uma solução, por parte dos estudiosos da Educação Química, para sanar essa problemática é desenvolver e apontar materiais que utilizem Novas Tecnologias para incrementar a metodologia das aulas ministradas pelos professores de Ciências. Alguns desses materiais, que podem contribuir com o êxito no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, são os softwares lúdicos educacionais. Nesse sentido, realizou-se o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para dispositivo móvel, denominado Quimi Crush, para auxiliar na mediação do conteúdo de Funções Orgânicas no Ensino Médio. O jogo didático foi desenvolvido, testado e aplicado com alunos do Ensino Médio e alunos do Ensino Superior. Esse jogo foi bem avaliado por ambos os grupos. Além disso, Quími Crush foi validado como jogo didático, podendo ser uma ferramenta para auxiliar as aulas de Química, tornando-as mais dinâmicas e interessantes.
MÉTODO DE RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS NO ENSINO MÉDIO: UMA PROPOSTA INTERDISCIPLINAR ABORDANDO O TEMA AGROTÓXICOS
Authors: Chagas de Azevedo Ribeiro Daniel das , Greff Passos Camila , Miskinis Salgado Tania Denise
Published: December 2018

Este artigo apresenta a análise de uma sequência pedagógica na qual se utilizou a metodologia de Resolução de Problemas (RP) no Ensino Médio. A pesquisa visa à averiguação das formas de contribuição da sequência didática efetuada para a aprendizagem de conteúdos conceituais, procedimentais e atitudinais pertinentes às questões ambientais que os Agrotóxicos podem ocasionar. A investigação teve como sujeitos 35 alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola pública estadual da cidade de Porto Alegre/RS. Com o intuito de coletarmos os dados, foram utilizados o Diário de Campo dos pesquisadores, a produção escrita dos estudantes e a gravação do áudio da aula em que os educandos experienciaram a RP. A experiência realizada propiciou o incremento dos conteúdos conceituais, procedimentais e atitudinais relativos aos conhecimentos científicos abordados e aos problemas ambientais pertinentes aos Agrotóxicos.
O TEMA VACINAS EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS: UMA ANÁLISE SOB A ÓTICA DA HISTÓRIA DAS CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Pinto Soares Maria Anita , Carvalho Oliveira Marques Clara Virgínia Vieira
Published: December 2018

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar de forma qualitativa a abordagem histórica dada ao tema “vacinas” nos discursos científicos e pedagógicos apresentados em livros didáticos de Ciências utilizados no Ensino Fundamental – II. O percurso metodológico baseou-se em análise de conteúdo, buscando identificar e interpretar o discurso textual de livros do 7º ano utilizados em uma amostragem de escolas da rede pública da cidade de Codó – Maranhão, pontualmente da zona urbana. Fundamentou-se a discussão com base no caminho metodológico proposto nos trabalhos de Mohr (1995) e Vidal & Porto (2012), com as devidas adequações nos critérios de interesse desta pesquisa. Nessa ótica, foram construídos três blocos de análises organizados em uma rede sistêmica suscitando as questões norteadoras da pesquisa que se pautaram nas seguintes vertentes: Perfil dos Personagens, Perfil dos Fatos e Feitos e Perfil da Função Social. Os resultados mostraram que o conteúdo “vacinas” está presente em todos os livros analisados, porém a abordagem histórica ainda é rasa, não sendo, portanto, satisfatória quando se pensa em explorar a potencialidade dessa vertente para a promoção de uma educação para a saúde destinada a estudantes em formação, para atender as necessidades instrutivas de pessoas socialmente críticas e participativas.
Heritagizing the Countryside in Hungary
Authors: Harlov-Csortán Melinda
Published: December 2018

For long decades in Hungary, not just the inhabitants and their lifestyles but the buildings of the villages were seen as outdated; only small details found their ways as decorative elements of representative architectural styles. A change in the evaluation happened in the second part of 20th century, which led to vivid academic and professional research, extensive popularity and support by the leading socialist power and the public. The paper focuses on the transformation of the built elements from the countryside to the centres, both physically and in their evaluation between World War II and 1989.
An Insight into Operational Urban Development in Hungary in the Light of Regulation-Based Urban Development
Authors: Bajnai László , Józsa Attila
Published: December 2018

An operational urban development relying on the structured cooperation of the public and private sectors is indispensable to purposefully address the challenges posed by sustainable development. Its evolution in Hungary may serve as inspiration for other countries as well. In the period preceding the regime change, it underwent a much more significant disruption as compared to regulation-based urban development. Afterwards, its methods, procedures, and instruments suitable for use in a democratic rule-of-law state and under market economy conditions had to be rebuilt from scratch. For this to happen, two external factors provided assistance: the French–Hungarian urban development cooperation and the EU. As a result, we could witness the successful development of the methods as well as of the conceptual, strategic, and operational planning tools forming a coherent system of operational urban development planning carried through with the public sector’s physical intervention into the urban tissue.
The Discursive Creation of the ‘Montenegrin Language’ and Montenegrin Linguistic Nationalism in the 21stCentury
Authors: Jovanović Srđan M.
Published: December 2018

The Serbo-Croatian language was but one of the casualties of the wars of the Yugoslav secession, as it was discursively forcefully split into first two, then three, and recently four allegedly separate languages. The first line of division was promoted by Serbian and Croatian nationalist linguists during the early nineties, soon to be followed by the invention of a standalone Bosnian language, even though contemporary linguistics agrees that Serbo-Croatian, with its regional varieties (as a standardized polycentric language), is a single language. Coming late into the fray, nationally-minded linguists from Montenegro achieved the state-driven proclamation of Montenegrin as a separate language to be in official use within the state only in 2007. Backed by the state, a coterie of nationalist literary theorists and linguists started discursively promoting Montenegrin in academic and public spaces, mostly via the dubious quasi-academic journal titledLingua Montenegrina.This article explores the manners in which Montenegrin nationalist linguists discursively created what they dub to be a language entirely separate from all variants of Serbo-Croatian, which are mostly contained in encomiastic texts about key nationalists, attempts to classify several allophones and phonemes as well as to assert the purported primordial character of the language.
Migration, Language Policies, and Language Rights in Luxembourg
Authors: Sharma Abhimanyu
Published: December 2018

This paper deals with the state of language rights in Luxembourg in the light of immigration and the multilingualism associated with it. Although Luxembourg might appear to be an ideal case of multilingualism with three official languages (Luxembourgish, French, and German), the reality is very different because its language policies are marked by a hierarchy: while Luxembourgish has the symbolic dominance as the ‘national language’, French is the preferred language in the workplace and administration. The situation has become complex due to the steady influx of immigrants since the 1970s. Currently, more than 40 per cent of Luxembourg’s population consists of foreigners, and this has changed the linguistic situation in the sense that Portuguese has become one of the most widely spoken languages in Luxembourg, although it does not enjoy any legal safeguards. Taking account of this multilingual scenario, this paper examines the rights of different linguistic communities in Luxembourg. On the one hand, there is the need to protect Luxembourgish, which is the majority language in Luxembourg but a minority language when compared to other national languages of Europe, while, on the other hand, the needs of its Portuguesespeaking community also have to be taken into account since the use of German as the medium of instruction at primary level disadvantages them. Finally, the paper will also consider the role and the future of the other two main languages (French and German).
Literal meaning: A first step to meaning interpretation
Authors: Abuarrah Sufyan
Published: December 2018

Some traditional accounts view literal meaning (LM) as the central component in the process of meaning interpretation. This paper supports this view while adding that LM is the first but not the only piece of evidence available to the hearer of the speaker’s meaning. After critically evaluating examples from previous studies and my own examples, the study concludes that discourse comprehension is a sequential and graded process. To understand the significance of LM as evidence in the process of meaning understanding, the study has to reconsider the notion of evidence according to Relevance Theory (RT) and define the vigorously debated term of LM. The results from this study suggest that literal meaning is initial and context is subsequential; while both co-determine the speaker’s meaning in implicature, the latter enriches the speaker’s meaning into a higher order speech act in explicature.
Introducing the Meaning of Batik through Game and Appearance in Virtual Reality
Authors: Prastomo Ag. Dicky , Widiantoro Bayu
Published: December 2018

Batik is not just visually but also philosophically enticing. a brief history in 1755, in the era of “Keraton Surakarta” and “Keraton yogyakarta”, each kingdom has developed their own style including motif and coloring. Making a Batik is not just simply decorating, it is also form a repository of beliefs and values. youth or young one, need to examine and understand Batik with spesific meet their ways. A digital native generations. Visual communication research design offers a case study and visual etnography or visual decoding to describe, to compare, and to evaluate the pattern, beliefs and values. Overall, analysis of findings would clearly indicate that most of the target audiences are not interested to know what the meaning of Batik meaning, but they relay on smartphone gaming as daily activity. the like to know things through 2 dimesional game.
Materiality, Making and Meaning: Building the Artist Record through Conservation in Indonesia
Authors: O’donnell Eliza , Tse Nicole
Published: December 2018

Ways of knowing and understanding the artistic process are not fixed, and there are multiple perceptions that rely on the experience of the viewer and sources that inform them. this paper presents a case study of a conservation residency and collaborative treatment of indonesian artist Entang wiharso’s ‘landscaping My Brain’ (2001) oil on canvas triptych painting, to examine how we understand the artistic process from a conservation perspective and how this material knowledge contributes to the artist record. an interdisciplinary methodology for the conservation treatment of wiharso’s painting relied on technical and visual examination of the artwork in partnership with artist interviews and archival research. the residency concluded with an exhibition of the painting in an ‘active state of conservation’, highlighting the conservation decisionmaking process as value based and culturally grounded, leading to questions of authority, the role of technical-conservation expertise, what approaches work best, who should do the work and what knowledge informs it. in considering how we understand the artistic process, this paper will draw on the importance of practice-based interdisciplinary learning between conservator, artist, collector, curator and students, and the potential for collaboration and knowledge building at the intersection of these disciplines.
Cross-Cultural Study in LocalWisdom for Creative Food Package Development in Secondary School
Authors: Laedpriwan Sineenart , Nuntatong Wongduean , Ponsanthia Komnate , Iam-In Waristha , Silpanurak Bunkant , Thunmarong Pattamaporn , Chimklang Paweena
Published: December 2018

The purposes of this research were ๑) to study the wisdom of Thai food package by wrapping and packing technique from the local Thai and Japanese food experts. ๒) to develop the WisdomTransferring Model of food packaging ๓) To experiment the specific program of Wisdom-Transferring Model of food packaging in Secondary school: Mathayomsuksa 4th year. The experimental program was examined in Thailand locally separated into 4 parts/4 schools. The result of this research can be explained the transferring technique of Thai wrapping were similar in attitudes and beliefs. The subject should described the content of materials and processes which directly matched with the subject of professional practice and technology together with the social science/cultural and history integrated with English understanding language The researcher founded that the program of Thai Wisdom Transferring has contained to be 24 hours or 4 = full day a continuing program. The control group of this research sample has increasing their creativity in wrapping and packaging up to 40.89% in attitude and belief and 55, 84% the same as the meaning between languages.
Ultrasound diagnostic compared with angiography of carotid arteries in the diagnosis of multifocal atherosclerosis
Authors: Naiden T. V. , Bartosh-Zelenaya S. Yu. , En'kina T. N. , Abramov E. A.
Published: December 2018

According to the modern statistics, the isolated atherosclerotic lesion in one arterial region occurs twice less often, than the combined lesion in several regions. Among the last, significant stenoses (>50 %) make up to 25 % of cases. Vascular surgeons need high-informative and noninvasive diagnostic methods for detection of way of surgical treatment of these lesions. So far the X-ray contrast angiography (AG) remains a method of «the gold standard» whereas the screening part is assigned to the duplex scanning (DS). The aim of present study was to compare results of ultrasonic DS and angiography in patients with multifocal atherosclerosis. Sensitivity and specificity of these methods had been evaluated. By means of screening of 565 men of 45-59-years-old, 64 patients with multifocal atherosclerotic lesions in coronary, carotid and low extremity arteries were identified. They were examined using DS and AG. The degree of carotid stenosis was accurately measured both by means of ultrasonic duplex scanning and angiography. Sensitivity and specificity of DS were 86 and 71 %, sensitivity of AG was 97 %, specificity was 86 %. Furthermore duplex scanning provided more information in detecting of unstable plaques compared with angiography. Thus ultrasound diagnostic may be considered a useful method for detecting different characteristics of multifocal atherosclerotic lesion, including the preoperative noninvasive assessment.
Computed tomography-assisted angiography in the differential diagnosis of extralobular pulmonary sequestration in newborns
Authors: Ilina N. A. , Myagkova I. E.
Published: December 2018

Relevance. Pulmonary sequestrations are rare pathology and make from 0.15 to 6.4 % of all congenital abnormality. Thus intra-abdominal localization of this malformation is described only in 2.5 % of all pulmonary sequestrations. Objective. Reflect the difficulty of differential diagnosis of rare lung malformation in newborns. Materials and methods. 2 cases of the extralobar sequestration located under the diaphragm diagnosed for newborns in a children's hospital for the last 20 years are in details described. Results. The diagnosis of an intra-abdominal extralobular pulmonary sequestration was finalized only after surgical treatment, confirmed histologically. Questions of differential diagnostics of rare congenital pulmonary malformations are discussed with tumors of suprarenal localization at newborns, comparison of own results to data of literature. Conclusions. In the differential diagnosis of suprarenal lesions at newborns it is necessary to consider the possibility of intra-abdominal extralobar pulmonary sequestration, especially in the localization of pathological changes at the left side.
Comparative efficiency of bicycle stresses-echocardiography and dopplerography of coronary arteries in diagnosis of the latent coronary insufficiency
Authors: Trivozhenko A. B. , Iaroshuk S. A. , Struchkov P. V.
Published: December 2018

Modern angiographic and stressful ultrasonic technologies possess the big possibilities in diagnostics of the latent coronary insufficiency. Purpose. To compare sensitivity and specificity of bicycle stress-echocardiography, dopplerography of coronary arteries and combined method in diagnostics of significant stenosis of coronary arteries were used. Design/methodology/approach. Two groups of patients were analyzed: 35 persons from more than 50 % stenosis of coronary arteries and 39 persons without significant stenosis. Dopplerography of coronary arteries and stress-echocardiography were performed in all patients. The ROC-analysis of sensitivity and specificity of each method and the combined technology in diagnostics of the general CAD, left anterior-descending CAD, and the right coronary CAD was spent. Findings. The dopplerography of coronary arteries has shown sensitivity of 77 %, specificity of 97 %, for LAD - 81 and 97 %, for RA - 50 and 98 %. The stress-echocardiography has shown sensitivity of 83 %, specificity of 95 %, for LAD - 89 and 95 %, for RA - 63 and 98 % The combined technique has shown sensitivity of 93 %, specificity - 95 %, for LAD - 96 and 94 %, for RA - 75 and 98 %. Conclusion. The combined technique is characterized by the robust reproducibility at the expense of revealing of loading infringements local contractility of myocardium in patients with not detected stenosis, and also at the expense of revealing of vascular narrowing in persons with well developed indemnification of deficiency of a blood-groove on the changed vessel.
Blood pressure in the brachial artery and the aorta in young people, taking into account the presence of the factors of cardiovascular risk
Authors: Evsevyeva M. E. , Eremin M. V. , Rostovtseva M. V. , Rusidi A. V. , Smirnova T. A. , Konovalova N. M.
Published: December 2018

Introduction. The best diagnostic approach for early detection of vascular remodeling in prenosological stage of development the main cardiovascular (CV) diseases has not yet been determined, which inhibits effective vascular screening in the youth population. Objective of the present study was to assess the possible impact of risk factors (RF) on central aortic pressure (CAP) and its augmentation index in young age. Materials and Methods. A total of 80 students (38 girls, 42 boys) were examined in University Center of Student's Health for the presence of major cardiovascular RF and evaluation of CAP in the office format using diagnostic complex BPLab (company «Peter Telegin», Nizhny Novgorod, Russia) on technology Vasotens. In addition to BP in the brachial arterial (BA), the systolic aortic BP (SYSao), diastolic aortic BP (DIAao), index of augmentation in aorta (AIxao), pulse pressure amplification (PPA) and other parameters were analyzed. Surveyed persons were divided into two groups, taking into account the lack of RF ( 26 persons ) and their presence (54 persons). Results. Statistically significant increase in systolic, pulse, average pressure in the aorta and index of augmentation of pulse pressure was revealed in persons with cardiovascular RFs in comparison with those without the specified RFs. Among peripheral hemodynamic parameters, significant difference between the groups was is noted in the value of average pressure. The profile of various options of increase CAP in students as systemic, hidden and false prehypertension / hypertension substantially depends on presence of RF. Conclusion. Obtained data have confirmed the idea about valuability of using the assessment of CAP in Centers of youth's health and Student's policlinics when carrying checkups for the purpose of early detection of CV risk among young people and timely conduct personalized measures for prevention.
Erythrocyte (dis)aggregation in stroke model in rats
Authors: Gafarova M. E. , Naumova G. M. , Gulyaev M. V. , Koshelev V. B. , Sokolova I. A. , Domashenko M. A.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and aim of the study. Ischemic stroke develops in conjunction with interruption of blood flow in microvessels that depends on rheological blood properties. There is a lack of knowledge in hemorheological features of experimental stroke making more difficult to value the relevance of stroke models. The study aims investigation of microhemorheological parameters in two experimental stroke models - thromboembolic model and middle cerebral artery (MCA) ligation model. Methods. Male Wistar rats were subjected to focal brain ischemia in MCA ligation stroke model or thromboembolic stroke model. The neurological deficit, the size of ischemic brain lesion and hemorheological parameters (hematocrit, kinetics of red blood cells (RBC) (dis)aggregation and RBC deformability) were evaluated. Results. The neurological deficit was correlated with the size of brain ischemic lesion. The increased rate of RBC aggregate formation was detected in both stroke models. At the same time, the strength of RBC aggregates changed in a model-dependent manner, namely, it raised sharply in the MCA ligation stroke model, but was somewhat decreased in thromboembolic stroke model. Conclusion. The focal stroke models produce repeatable and neurologically significant lesions of brain followed with fundamental changes in the hemorheological parameters. The way of ischemia producing can be crucial for the direction of hemorheological changes.
Microcirculatory changes during stimulation of tissue regeneration by polycaprolactone scaffold
Authors: Ivanov A. N. , Kozadaev M. N. , Puchin'yan D. M. , Sal'kovskii Yu. E. , Norkin I. A.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the study. The estimation of skin microcirculatory changes appearing in rats after subcutaneous implantation of polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds. Materials and methods. The experiments were conducted on 3 groups of rats: comparison group - the animals exposed to surgical intervention to the extent equivalent to matrix implantation, negative control group - animals subcutaneously implanted with non-biocompatible matrix; and experimental - rats subcutaneously implanted by PCL-scaffold. Skin microcirculation was analyzed by Lazer Doppler flowmetry (LDF) on the 7th, 14th and 21st day of the experiment. Morphological analysis of soft tissue complex and matrix samples was carried out on the 21st day of the experiment for scaffold biocompatibility verification. Results. It has been found that moderate increase in skin perfusion of animals in the comparison group over the surgical intervention area is not accompanied by the changes of active mechanisms of blood flow modulation and is completely resolved by the 21st day of the experiment. In negative control group, skin perfusion over the implantation area is 2 times higher than in controls in the period from 7th to 21st day of the experiment and this is accompanied by the significant increase of neurogenic and myogenic blood flow oscillation amplitudes. In the course of morphological analysis, these animals have demonstrated active inflammatory response. In the experimental group, perfusion changes are comparable with those in the comparison group and they resolve completely by the 21st day of the experiment. Morphological analysis suggests that by the 21st day of the experiment PLC-scaffold is evenly colonized by connective tissue cells and is vascularized. At the same time, reactive changes of adjacent tissues have not been detected. Conclusion. Skin microcirculatory changes over the scaffold implantation area correspond to the morphological pattern of tissue reactions which allows using LDF for dynamic estimation of scaffold biocompatibility in the course of subcutaneous implantation tests. This data suggest good PLC-scaffold biocompatibility which proves the prospects of its practical application in the tissue engineering.
Gender specifics remodeling suprarenal and infrarenal aortic in hypertension
Authors: Pavochkina E. S. , Tkachenko S. B. , Beresten N. F. , Gadjieva L. R. , Fomenko E. V.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and aim. Hypertension leads to vascular remodeling, due to change its geometry and functional properties. The aim of the study was to investigate of gender specifics of the remodeling of suprarenal and infrarenal parts of the abdominal aorta in hypertension. Materials and Methods. A total of 147 patients (76 men and 71 women aged 35-68 years) with normal blood pressure and hypertension 1-3 degree based in the trial. Using duplex sonography was studied by changing of the diameter and of the wall thickness of the suprarenal and infrarenal aorta. Using tissue Doppler imaging has been evaluated time and velocities values of the front and back walls motion of the aorta. Results and discussion. The values of systolic - diastolic increase of the diameter and the thickness of the wall of the abdominal aorta, Young's incremental elastic modulus, circumferential wall stress, the peak velocities of the front and back walls motion of suprarenal and infrarenal aorta are obtained in the surveyed categories of persons based on sexual differences of the indicators analyzed characteristics. Conclusions. The remodeling of the suprarenal and infrarenal aorta begins in the men at an arterial hypertension of the 2nd degree and is manifested by increased stiffness, circumferential walls stress and reduce velocities values of the front and back walls motion of the aorta. Thickening of the walls of the abdominal aorta in men is an adaptive re-sponse to increase of the wall stress, begins in the men at an arterial hypertension hypertension of the 3rd degree, later than women. Therefore, the risk of the aortic dissection is above in men in the hypertension. The suprarenal aorta is practically not susceptible to pathological remodeling in the women in the increase of the blood pressure Opposite, at an arterial hypertension of the 2nd degree the thickening of the walls of the infrarenal aorta reduces the risk of the aortic dissection in the early stages of hypertension.
Myocardial progenitor cells as an option for cell therapy for congenital heart disease
Authors: Malashicheva A. B. , Sabirova A. A. , Kozyrev I. A. , Golovkin A. S. , Hudiakov A. A. , Kostareva A. A.
Published: December 2018

Myocardial progenitor cells represent a perspective source for cell therapy of cardiovascular disorders and are intensively studied. However, mainly the cells from adult patients are studied whereas the cells derived from children with congenital heart diseases remained poorly investigated. The aim of the present work was to obtain progenitor cells from intraoperatively obtained cardiac tissue from infants and children undergoing repair of congenital cardiac defects. Following isolation, the cells gave rise to a clonogenic, highly proliferative spindle-shaped cell population. The cells expressed markers of cardiogenic origin and were shown to differentiate towards cardiogenic lineage. This resident myocardial progenitor cells obtained from infant myocardial tissue demonstrate similar characteristics to previously described cells derived from adult myocardial tissue. This study confirms the possibility of obtaining a pool of progenitor cells from tiny tissue fragments and opens a new perspective of using these cells in regenerative medicine and further research of congenital heart disease pathogenesis.
Dark field microscopy for the endothelial glycocalyx study: first russian experience; the reproducibility of the method
Authors: Gorshkov A. Yu. , Gumanova N. G. , Boytsov S. A.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and purpose. Endothelial glycocalyx is a protective structure of the vascular bed and is damaged in early stages of cardiovascular diseases. Dark field microscopy can determine the depth of penetration of red blood cells in endothelial glycocalyx to estimate the perfusion boundary region (PBR). The aim of this study was to test and validate this method. Materials and methods. The study involved 38 healthy volunteers aged from 28 to 65 years (18 women and 20 men). The sidearm dark field microscopy of the mucosal microvessels in the sublingual area was used to determine the depth of penetration of red blood cells in endothelial glycocalyx to estimate PBR. Results end discussion. The results indicate good tolerability of the test by patients. Our data on the structure of microvessels were highly reproducible and did not depend on the sampling region within sublingual area and on time intervals between sampling. PBR value was not gender-dependent. Conclusion. The dark field microscopy method passed the first step of validation, showing a good feasibility and tolerability, as well as high reproducibility of measurements that are independent of the sampling region and time intervals between sampling.
The role of genetic markers of thrombophilia in the development of thrombosis after coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Atmadzas K. A. , Komok V. V. , Bunenkov N. S. , Pyagay V. A. , Grinenko O. A. , Beliy S. A. , Nemkov A. S.
Published: December 2018

Coronary artery bypass grafting is one of the most common surgeries performed among all elective cardiac surgery operations. Starting from the first operations, thrombosis not only in the coronary arteries, but also in the venous system was the subject of attention. Over the past two decades it has become evident that the hypercoagulable state, or socalled thrombophilia is multifactorial, genetically determined disorder of the hemostatic system. This article provides an overview of studies on the role of genetic polymorphisms in the development of thrombosis after coronary artery bypass grafting.
Features of microvasculature regulation in patients with chronic kidney disease on peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Lobov G. I. , Isachkina A. N. , Gurkov A. S.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and aim. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common non-infectious diseases, in which arterial hypertension (AH) is progressing. The mechanisms of AH in CKD are complex and understudied. This research was conducted with the objective to investigate the mechanisms of microvascular tonus increase in the group of patients with the 5th stage of CKD who were treated with peritoneal dialysis. Materials and methods. Patients from dialysis department were included in the study (76 people). Blood flow in microvessels was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). Results of LDF used for the calculation of neurogenic (HT), myogenic (MT) and endothelium-dependent tonus (EDT) microvessels. Cardiotonic steroid concentration in plasma was measured by competitive immunofluorescence using antibodies to ouabain and marinobufagenin. The activity of Na/K-ATPase was measured by spectrophotometry. Results and discussion. HT microvessels in patients with CKD was increased by 21.4±3,88 %, MT - 33.4±5,62 %, EDT 17.1±3.14 % compared with the control group. Endogenous ouabain (EO) concentration in plasma of patients with CKD was on average 0.311±0.032 nM/L, in the control - 0.296±0.031 nM/L. Marinobufagenin (MBG) concentration in the plasma of patients with CKD was 2.10; 0.89; 3.07 nM/L (median, 25th and 75th percentile), and in control - 0.347; 0.103; 0.427 nM/L. The activity of Na/K-ATPase in patients with CKD was 1.54±0.18 μmol Pi/mL/hr, vs. 3.07±0.44 μmol Pi/mL/h in the control. The correlation between the value of MT of microvascular and MBG concentration in blood plasma of patients with CKD was found (rs = 0.736). Conclusions. Our results show that high NT of microvessels of patients with CKD and is connected with increased activity of the central structures of the sympathetic nervous system, while increase of EDT is connected with endothelial dysfunction and increase of MT is connected with increasing concentration of MBG (not EO) in blood plasma. We believe that the MBG causes contraction of smooth muscle cells of blood vessels by activating signaling function of Na/K-ATPase.
Quick model of septic shock in rats
Authors: Stroukov D. V. , Vasilev A. G. , Alexandrovich Yu. S.
Published: December 2018

Modeling septic shock by means of administration of living bacteria is a minimum invasive adequate model for reproduction of this pathologic process, however there is a few data on effectiveness of this model in rats on the basis of direct measurement of hemodynamic parameters. The goal of the study was to elaborate a simple and convenient model of septic shock by intravenous infusion of living bifidobacteria. Indexes of central hemodynamics evaluated by direct method were analyzed in the study as well as endothelial function of blood vessels assessed by measuring concentration of NO, vessels' endothelial growth factor-A and tissue plasminogen activator. Dysfunction of hemostasis was also estimated by measuring fibrinogen level and soluble complexes of fibrin monomer. Intravenous infusion of living bifidobacteria caused development of severe septic shock by 15th minute after administration with valid decrease of all systemic hemodynamics' parameters. Marked hemodynamic disturbancies combined with development of endothelial dysfunction and hemostatic mechanisms' increased activity. The present model is absolutely safe; it can be easily reproduced in a research or training laboratory and it can be used for fundamental research of septic shock, for pre-clinical tests of drugs as well as for educational purposes.
CT venography in the algorithm of examination of patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities
Authors: Zakharov R. S. , Vasilyev A. Yu.
Published: December 2018

The aim of this review was to analyze the diagnostic capabilities of modern methods of medical imaging of lower extremity varicose veins (LEVV). The study is based on an analysis of the results of Russian and international studies published during the period 2012-2015 on various methods of medical imaging of varicose veins. The review is divided into several sections: the significance of the problem, general description of radiological methods of varicose veins visualization, ultrasonic methods, venography, conclusions. An overview will be useful for radiologists and vascular surgeons as a source of information about the possibilities of modern methods of varicose veins visualization and their limitations. Special attention is given to the diagnostic utility of MDCT venography. This information can be used in the educational process, to develop practical recommendations for doctors or serve as a basis for new studies. In this review we present both the results of latest research on LEVV imaging and also the analysis of the problem performed by the authors.
The influence of short-time cerebral ischemia on pial vessels adrenoreactivity in rats
Authors: Gorshkova O. P. , Shuvaeva V. N. , Lensman M. V. , Artem'eva A. I.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and purpose. It is known that ischemia influences on endothelial reactions, changes metabolic and myogenic mechanisms of cerebral blood flow regulation. But the role of local neurogenic mechanisms of regulation in change of cerebral vessels reactions after ischemia is finally not found out. The aim of the current study was to examine the pial vessels reactivity in response to a brain surface irrigation by norepinephrine solution in rats, subjected to transient global cerebral ischemia, at 2, 7, 14 and 21 days after ischemia. Materials and methods. Transient global cerebral ischemia was induced in anesthetized Wistar rats by clamping of both common carotid arteries for 12 min with simultaneous controlled hypotension to 45±3 mm Hg, followed by blood reinfusion and recovering from anesthesia. Four different groups of rats were re-anesthetized at 2, 7, 14 or 21 days after ischemia and subjected to microvascular studies using in-vivo video microscopy method. The diameter changes of pial arteries and veins in response to norepinephrine were measured. Results and discussion. It was established that cerebral ischemia led to increase number of the constrictions to norepinephrine mainly at the vessels to relating to group of small pial arteries and arterioles and pial veins of the 3-rd generation. Reactivity changes were observed in all time points studied. This changes probably is connected with caused by ischemia the increase in reactivity and sensitivity of pial vessels adrenoceptors. The greatest changes are noted in 14 days after ischemia. The use of non-selective α-adrenergic antagonist - nicergoline at ischemic and intact rats, led to increase number of the constrictions to norepinephrine. But at ischemic rats decrease was more considerable. And number of dilation reactions to norepinephrine at ischemic rats was also above. It can indicate to increase of adrenoceptors reactivity and sensitivity. Conclusions. Thus, transient global cerebral ischemia cause marked and long lasting (3 weeks) increase in pial vessels reactivity in response to norepinephrine, that is probably connected with increase of adrenoceptors reactivity and sensitivity.
Disturbances of pulmonary microcirculation in patients with pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis with different changes of pulmonary function tests
Authors: Zolotnitskaya V. P. , Amosov V. I. , Dsadsua D. V.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and purpose. Disturbances of pulmonary microcirculation in patients with pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis and various types of respiratory failure are characterized by different scintigraphic patterns. Aim: to identify features of the circulatory disturbances in the lungs of patients with histiocytosis X, and various forms of bronchial conductivity changes. Material and methods: analysis of changes of microcirculation in the lungs in 54 patients with histiocytosis X, with different types of respiratory insufficiency, assessed by means of single photon emission computed tomography, perfusion scintigraphy and multislice computed tomography. Results and conclusions: in patients with histiocytosis x with obstructive type of respiratory failure, microcirculatory changes were detected at a very early stage of development of the disease. In the terminal stage of the disease, a typical scintigraphic pattern «candle flame» was observed. In patients with combined restrictive and obstructive changes (mixed type), no differences from changes of blood flow in obstructive variant were observed. In the restrictive type of respiratory failure, disorders of microcirculation do not have any typical scintigraphic pattern. The presence of characteristic nodular lesions and increasing fibrotic changes of all structural units were observed in the parenchyma of the lung.
Methods of pulsatile ocular hemodynamics assessment
Authors: Rukhovets A. G. , Astakhov Yu. S.
Published: December 2018

In the article, methods of ocular blood flow investigation are discussed, as well as main factors influencing measurement results. Criteria of choice for «ideal» blood flow investigation method are given. Benefits and drawbacks of methods based on ocular pulse registration are presented. The influence of different factors on measurement results, their relation to ocular and systemic diseases are discussed.
Optical coherence tomography in assessment chorioretinal blood flow in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Zhukova S. I. , Zlobina A. N. , Iureva T. N. , Shchuko A. A.
Published: December 2018

Introduction and purpose. Central serous chorioretinopathy - a disease that manifests itself serous detachment of the neurosensory retina and / or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Chronic course of pathological process may be complicated by the development of subretinal neovascularization, and is accompanied by a decrease in visual functions. Despite the large number of studies, there are no pathogenetically oriented and effective methods of treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy today, because there is no consensus on the causes of its origin. To evaluate the accuracy of the information content of chorioretinal blood flow changes in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy, to compare the degree of changes of RPE and hemodynamic disorders in different forms of the disease. Materials and Methods. The study involved 26 patients with central serous chorioretinopathy aged 35 to 54 years. To assess chorioretinal blood flow the optical coherence tomography (OCT) in retinal angiography mode was included in the volume of diagnostic examination. Results. It was demonstrated that the choroidal vessels and RPE are an original target in the realization of the pathological process in central serous chorioretinopathy. The changes in the pigment epithelium and the neurosensory retinal detachment, whose height ranged from 53.4 to 513.0 m (238.3 ± 80.4 - in acute and - 215.5 ± 129.9 - in chronic diseases) were revealed in all patients. In 45 % of cases of acute and 67 % in patients with a chronic form of disease the neurosensory retinal detachment combined with RPE detachment, preventing recovery of macular interface on a background of medical actions. Prolonged existence of ischemia and RPE detachment is accompanied by severe progressive degenerative changes in the retina as a whole, causing resistance to treatment. Conclusions. OCT in angiography mode in the diagnosis of various forms of chorioretinal central serous chorioretinopathy allows visualizing blood flow, evaluating the extent and nature of the structural changes of the retina taking into account hemodynamic disorders. The revealed changes of RPE and choroid, as classification and prognostic criteria of the disease, determine the effectiveness of treatment measures and prognosis of disease.
Research of the factors that determine the rehabilitation potential and satisfaction of the medical care of patients with acute stroke in China and Russia
Authors: Yu X. X. , Shmonin A. A. , Verbitskaya E. V. , Bondareva E. A. , Zhou J. . , Melnikova E. V.
Published: December 2018

This study examined the factors that determine the recovery of the patient after an acute cerebrovascular accident, and satisfaction with medical care and rehabilitation in the Russian Federation and Republic of China. We interviewed 522 patients in Stroke units in Russian and China. We analyzed personal patient factors, quality of life (EQ-5D), social and economic factors, the characteristics of the treatment and rehabilitation of the patient and staff attitude to the rehabilitation process. Logistic regression with ROC-analysis was used. Results. Quality of life in patients with a stroke depends on the country where the patient is receiving treatment and rehabilitation (higher in Russia than in China). The more time a patient spends in the hospital leads to the low quality of life. Having diabetes reduces the quality of life. In Russia, a good recovery and rehabilitation high potential contributes to the presence of the total family income of patient 40-60 000 rub per month, and the highest value on the Rankin scale, but a high value on NIHSS and RI on admission reduces a good recovery after a stroke. A lot of money for rehabilitation and treatment of patients with stroke lead to good patient recovery. Conclusion. Rehabilitation of stroke patients will be more effective if patient has a significantly limited ability to live, but has not high severity of the stroke and immobility problem then other factors such environment and psychological factors plays key role.
Inflammation and cognitive function in patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Zueva I. B. , Krivonosov D. S. , Urumova E. L. , Butch A. V. , Smirnova A. Y. , Baranzevich E. R.
Published: December 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the level of C-reactive protein and fibrinogen, and indices of cognitive function in patients with metabolic syndrome. As a result of this study, it was demonstrated that patients with metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment compared with the group without cognitive disorders was higher parameters of inflammation. The increase in C-reactive protein was associated with reduced memory and increased speed of reaction and ability to concentrate, whereas an increase in fibrinogen levels was associated with lower indicators of the processes of storing, preserving and reproduction of information, logical memory and orientation in time and space. Activation of inflammation could reflect one of the possible pathophysiological mechanisms that affect the development of cognitive deficits in patients with metabolic syndrome.
Polyregional aggregatometry of blood in patients with acute thrombosis as a potential model for preclicinal studies of new correctors of hemostasis system ex vivo
Authors: Urakov A. L. , Samorodov A. V. , Kamilov F. Kh. , Khaliullin F. A.
Published: December 2018

Current recommendations to develop new pharmacological agents influencing hemostasis system are limited to the studies carried out on healthy volunteers in vitro, healthy lab animals and animals with model thrombosis in vivo. However, specific and seasonal peculiarities of hemostasis system in laboratory animals may not always adequately represent processes that occur during an event of cardiovascular accident. In this context, the main objective of this work is to study hemostasis system in patients with thrombotic events and to use the received data as a model for assessing the effectiveness of pharmacological agents as exemplified by aspirin and pentoxifylline in ex vivo. Experimental work is carried out on the blood of healthy male donors and patients with acute thrombosis. The findings show that completed thrombosis in one of the regions of coronary blood stream is not always accompanied by systemic tension of the coagulation system. The method of polyregional thromboelastography was used to study hemostasis system and to find out that hyperaggregation of platelets is a responsible part in the development of system hyperactivity of hemostasis in cases where it is registered. Pulmonary embolism, mesenteric ischemia and acute coronary syndrome is most often accompanied by systemic hyperaggegatioin of platelets, which can be used to assess the therapeutic efficacy of medicaments under conditions ex vivo. Aspirin and pentoxifylline are taken as examples to prove the necessity of preclinical studies for potential correctors of hemostatic system aimed to assess therapeutic effectiveness under conditions ex vivo in patients with completed thrombosis.
The role of reference service in coordinating medical rehabilitation system in Tver region
Authors: Chichanovskaya L. V. , Bahareva O. N. , Nazarov M. V. , Ivanova G. E.
Published: December 2018

Since 2010 the National project aimed at reducing cardiovascular mortality has been implemented in Tver region. Since 2014 the region has accepted the 3-stage medical rehabilitation model according to the order of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation No. 1705 (on Medical Rehabilitation). To streamline patient routing, the Ministry of Healthcare of Tver region issued guidelines on routing patients with acute disorders of cerebral circulation. In the Regional Clinical Treatment and Rehabilitation Center, a call center has been established to coordinate primary and secondary prophylaxis of patients with acute disorders of cerebral circulation and their routing.