bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa
Authors: Djufri Elyas , Trio Ardhian
Published: September 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing terhadap keterampilan proses sains dan hasil belajar IPA dengan menggunakan rancangan the posttest-only control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Kecamatan Galang, Populasi  penelitian  berjumlah 125  siswa  dan  sampel  berjumlah 64  siswa.  Data sikap  ilmiah  dikumpulkan  dengan  menggunakan  metode  kuesioner  dan  data  hasil  belajar  IPA dikumpulkan dengan metode tes. Data dianalisis menggunakan MANOVA berbantuan SPSS 20.00 for windows.  Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan:  (1)  terdapat  perbedaan  keterampilan  proses  sains  dan  hasil belajar IPA antara siswa yang belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dan model pembelajaran konvensional (p<0,05), (2) terdapat perbedaan keterampilan proses sains dalam pembelajaran IPA secara signifikan antara siswa yang belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dan model pembelajaran konvensional (p<0.05), (3) terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar IPA secara signifikan antara siswayang belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dan model pembelajaran konvensional (p<0.05)
Pengembangan LKPD Fisika Berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning pada Materi Elastisitas dan Hukum Hooke untuk Peserta Didik Kelas XI di SMA Negeri 2 Bantul
Authors: Yutia Nurtanti , Sumardi Yosaphat , Hasanah Daimul
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) fisika berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) tentang elastisitas dan hukum Hooke untu siswa kelas XI di SMA N 2 Bantul, untuk mengetahui kelayakan sebagai bahan dan sumber pembelajaran dan untuk mengetahui tanggapan siswa terhadap LKPD. Riset tersebut adalah Research and Development (R&D) yang dikembangkan oleh Sugiyono. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Validator menyatakan LKPD Sangat Baik dan terbaca Sangat Baik. Respon siswa menunjukkan bahwa LKPD Sangat Baik dan Baik. Dengan demikian, LKPD tersebut layak untuk dijadikan bahan pembelajaran dan bahan ajar.
Peningkatan Keaktifan melalui Model Problem Solving pada Pembelajaran Tematik Kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Siliran Kulon Progo
Authors: Marandani Rifka , Chairiyah  , Atik Sri Lestari
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan aktivitas siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Siliran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Solving. Hipotesis tindakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan Model Problem Solving dapat meningkatkan aktivitas siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Siliran. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus meliputi empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Setting penelitian di SD Muhammadiyah Siliran. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Siliran yang berjumlah 15 siswa. Objek penelitian ini adalah penggunaan model Problem Solving dalam pembelajaran tematik untuk meningkatkan aktivitas siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah diterapkan model Problem Solving di kelas IV, aktivitas siswa meningkat. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan observasi aktivitas belajar siswa pada pra siklus sebesar 68,80%, peningkatan pada siklus I sebesar 72,27%, dan peningkatan pada siklus II sebesar 85,07% Rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa meningkat sebesar 12,8% dari siklus I ke siklus II. Indikator keberhasilan telah tercapai.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Membaca Pemahaman Menggunakan Metode PQ4R Siswa Kelas VB SD Negeri 1 Gemawang
Authors: Finiza Ratih Trias , Rezkita Shanta , Wardani Haning Susilo
Published: September 2022

Keterampilan membaca pemahaman sangat penting bagi siswa. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara menunjukkan bahwa siswa kesulitan memahami suatu bacaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji peningkatan keterampilan membaca pemahaman dengan menggunakan metode PQ4R pada siswa kelas VB di SD Negeri 1 Gemawang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Peningkatan ini terlihat dari nilai rata-rata pemahaman pada siklus I sebesar 64,8 pada kategori baik dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 74,03 pada kategori baik. Hasil di atas diperkuat dengan hasil observasi aktivitas belajar siswa. Nilai rata-rata persentase pada siklus I adalah 65,76% dalam kategori baik dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 72,49% dalam kategori baik. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metode PQ4R dapat meningkatkan keterampilan membaca pemahaman siswa VB di SD Negeri 1 Gemawang. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, penggunaan metode PQ4R dapat digunakan untuk penelitian selanjutnya dengan harapan dapat berfungsi sebagai pemecahan masalah dalam pembelajaran di sekolah dasar.

Kata kunci: metode PQ4R; Pemahaman membaca; bahasa Indonesia
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Tematik melalui Media Powerpoint Siswa Kelas V Semester Genap SDN Jemur
Authors: Sudiono  , Suratman  , Handayani Mrih , Hidayat Rosidah Aliim
Published: September 2022

Berdasarkan observasi aktivitas siswa yang pasif mengikuti proses pembelajaran dan kurangnya variasi guru dalam menggunakan media mempengaruhi rendahnya prestasi belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa pada pembelajaran tematik dengan menggunakan media powerpoint. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dilaksanakan dua siklus. Setiap siklusnya terdiri dari dua pembelajaran. Satu siklus terdiri dari 4 kegiatan yaitu tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah kelas V SDN Jemur dengan jumlah 20 siswa terdiri dari 12 siswa laki-laki dan 8 siswi perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis dekskriptif. Hasil penelitian prestasi belajar pada Post Test Siklus I rata-rata ketuntasan diperoleh yaitu 60% sebanyak 12 siswa melebihi KKM. Pada siklus II rata-rata ketuntusan Post Test adalah 90% sebanyak 18 siswa melebihi KKM. Dapat dibuktikan bahwa adanya peningkatan persentase dari siklus I dan siklus II yaitu 30%. Pada siklus II rata-rata ketuntasan 90% melebihi indikator keberhasilan yaitu 75%. Kata kunci: powerpoint, prestasi belajar, tematik
Upaya Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik dalam Pembelajaran Daring Melalui Media Game Edukasi Wordwall Di Kelas IV SDN 01 Tanahbaya Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Lestari Rizki Dwi
Published: September 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran online menggunakan media game edukasi wordwall di kelas IV SD N 01 Tanahbaya. Fokus penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran online. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan model Kurt Lewin. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD N 01 Tanahbaya tahun ajaran 2020/2021 yang berjumlah 13 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Indikator keberhasilan dalam penelitian dapat diukur dari perolehan skor angket motivasi belajar yang menunjukkan antara 76%-100% yang termasuk dalam kategori baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media game edukasi wordwall dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran online. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan peningkatan skor motivasi belajar siswa sebelum tindakan sebesar 66% pada siklus I, meningkat dari 66% menjadi 72%. Sedangkan pada siklus I hingga siklus II mengalami peningkatan sebesar 12% menjadi 84% dengan kategori baik.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Bahasa Indonesia Menggunakan Model CTL Siswa Kelas III SDN 4 Kotagede
Authors: Sari Yuli Kartika , Nartani C.Indah , Fathonah
Published: September 2022

Berdasarkan hasil observasi di SDN Kotagede4 ditemukan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia belum optimal dalam menerapkan model pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa kelas III SDN Kotagede4 bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan model CTL. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN Kotagede4 dengan jumlah siswa 29 orang. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah model Kemmis dan MC Taggart. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes, observasi, dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa langkah-langkah penerapan model CTL mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif bahasa Indonesia kelas III SDN Kotagede4. Peningkatan tersebut terlihat pada jumlah siswa yang menyelesaikan KKM pada setiap siklusnya. Pada pra tindakan siswa yang tuntas KKM sebanyak 13 kemudian pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 15. Pada siklus II jumlah siswa yang tuntas KKM meningkat lagi menjadi 25. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan KKM Model CTL berhasil meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif siswa kelas III SDN Kotagede4.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kedisiplinan dan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Melalui Penggunaan Media Power Point Interaktif
Authors: Pambudi Setya , Rezkita Shanta , Purwaningsih Endang
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan media power point interaktif pada siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Kebakalan Karanggayam Kebumen untuk meningkatkan kedisiplinan dan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kelas V SD Negeri 1 Kebakalan Kecamatan Karanggayam Kabupaten Kebumen. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V SD Negeri 1 Kebakalan Karanggayam Kebumen yang berjumlah 26 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, teknik tes, catatan lapangan, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa melalui penggunaan media interaktif power point dapat meningkatkan kedisiplinan dan hasil belajar matematika, ditunjukkan dengan persentase rata-rata kedisiplinan siswa pra tindakan sebesar 50%, siklus I meningkat menjadi 73%, dan siklus II meningkat menjadi 73%. siklus meningkat lagi menjadi 89%. Peningkatan hasil belajar siswa ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan jumlah siswa yang memenuhi KKM dan peningkatan nilai rata-rata siswa. Pada pra tindakan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 31%. Pada akhir siklus I meningkat menjadi 58% dan pada akhir siklus II meningkat menjadi 77%. Dengan demikian, guru matematika diharapkan dapat menggunakan media power point interaktif dalam mengajar agar mendapatkan hasil yang maksimal.
Environmental impact Evaluation of Brick factories on West of AL-Diwaneyha city _Iraq
Authors: Abessi Ozeair , Abbas Mukhtar DH
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study is to evaluate the environmental impact of a brick factory complex in the west part of AL-Diwaneyah city. In the study, the site characteristics of the brick factories and compares them with the locational determinants in the Iraqi environmental laws were assessed. The Arc.GIS software has used to process the spatial data and displays.  The spatial analysis show that the current site of brick factories does not conform to the current laws and regulations of Iraq. So, it eventually will create environmental problem to the city's expansion or factories development. Furthermore, air quality in the west of city has measured in some monitoring sites along the direction of wind, close to the brick factories. The gases concentration measurement has continued for 12 days and24 hours per day in the monitoring sites.SO2, NO2, CO and NMHC were measured which showed that the maximum values of SO2, NO2 and NMHC were higher than Iraqi standard while the CO value was very low.
Different techniques in detection of buried objects using ground-penetrating radar: A review
Authors: Al shamy Hussain Mumtaiz , Abdul Sadah Jafar W. , Saeed Thamir R.
Published: September 2022

This literature reviews the work of researchers on ground-penetrating radar (GPR). This research consists of five sections starting from the first section that focuses on the general application and the advantage of the GPR system in comparison to other types of underground detection systems.

The main function of the GPR system is to detect the object buried underground and at the end of the full scan, the output image represents the total signals detected by the receiver of the GPR device. One of the main applications of the GPR system is the detection of an underground object, the GPR scans the underground area and the output image represents the total of the signals detected by the receiver. The second section discusses methods for removing unwanted signals such as noise and direct waves from the output image of a GPR system.

After removing the noise, the image requires further analysis to discover and interpret the buried object. The third section discusses the common methods used in the process of identifying buried objects. There are different types of buried objects and section four discusses the algorithms used to detect and identify landmines and explosive devices.

Finally, the last section summarizes the paper that discussed the detection and identification process using smart algorithm technology. These types of algorithms are the most accurate, have a lower error rate and are cost-effective.
Graph representation of planetary gear trains: A review
Authors: Juber Anahed Hussein , Esmail Essam L. , . Ali Tamather N
Published: September 2022

The various graphical representations of planetary gear trains (PGTs), including basic assumptions and graph rules, are first reviewed in this paper. They revealed that they had close relationships. Their similarity has stimulated the development of a unified graphical representation. When there is a multiple joints in a graph, it can be reconfigured without affecting the information contained in the graph. To accomplish this, a rooted graph in which a multiple joint represents either the housing of the mechanism and/or a transfer vertex of a multi-planet fundamental geared entity is employed.
A new DNA strand-based encryption algorithm using symmetric key generation table
Authors: Thabit Qabeela Q. , Al-saffar Alaa A. , Abed Issa A.
Published: September 2022

Due to the characteristics of Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA chain which contains a very wide range of parallelism mechanism, and the computing processing speed can arrive at 1 billion times per one second. It is worth only a billionth of a traditional computer. It became the focus of the attention of researchers in the field of encryption. The aim of this study is to find an efficient and safe algorithm for data encryption as well as decryption. A symmetric novel method is proposed in this paper depends on DNA encryption by applying a mixture of DNA oligonucleotide and new development of algorithm technology steps. It includes encoding each character to a predefined decimal number, converting it to its equivalent binary number and then converting it into DNA coding. Finally, converts each code of DNA to a number that represents a row and column numbers. Simulation all all text (words) is executed in parallel by using Visual Basic programming, obtained an excellent encoding result in terms of time because all the characters, so the algorithm is able to process the largest number of data, all of them encode at the same time. An efficient, fast and highly encoding scheme has been obtained due to the complete executing parallelism of the DNA-based algorithm.
Removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from hospital wastewater by electro fenton process using graphite–graphite electrochemical system
Authors: Gijir Abdullah Yasser , Abbar Ali H.
Published: September 2022

Removal of COD from hospital wastewater generated from Al- Diwaniyah hospital located in Iraq was achieved using graphite–graphite electro-Fenton (EF) system. The effect of various operational parameters on the COD removal efficiency was investigated based on response surface methodology (RSM). Optimal conditions were the current density of 20mA/cm2, FeSO4 concentration of, and time of  It achieved a COD elimination efficiency of 97.964 % at a specific energy consumption of 10.78 kWh/kg. The results indicated that time had the least effect on the efficiency with which chemical oxygen demand is eliminated, however, the share of current density had the greatest effect, followed by the FeSO4 concentration. The adequacy of the model equation was confirmed by its high R2 value (99.62%). The present study shows that the graphite–graphite EF system was an efficient tool for removing COD from hospital wastewaters.
The Effects of roof angle, inlet gap size and drying time on dryer mass flow rate and moisture content in a chimney-dependent solar crop dryer using design of experiments (DOE)
Authors: Agyei-Agyemang Anthony , Tawiah Peter O. , Afriyie John K. , Commeh Michael K.
Published: September 2022

A chimney dependent solar crop dryer (CDSCD) was designed and developed. Design of Experiments (DOE) was used to carry out experiments using a statistical three level non randomized factorial experimental design in Minitab statistical software version 19.0. The effect of three drying parameters, roof angle (º), Inlet gap size (mm), and time (h) on dryer inlet mass flow rate (kg/s) and moisture content (%) were studied. The regression results showed that there was a satisfactory fit of the model variability for both dryer inlet mass flow rate and crop moisture content. The p-value for each parameter was less than 0.005, which is statistically significant. The R-squared (R2) value was 94.67% for inlet air mass flow rate study and 99.72% for moisture content. It was observed that the optimal values for achieving a low moisture content response (≤ 24%) were roof angle of 81º, inlet to outlet cross-sectional area ratio of 1.08768:1 and a minimum drying time of 24 hours while the optimal values for achieving high inlet air mass flow rate (≥ 0.357 kg/s) were roof angle of 51º, inlet to outlet cross-sectional area ratio of 1.08768:1 and a minimum drying time of 5 hours. The findings could be implemented and utilized for achieving optimum ventilation and drying performances to refine dryer (CDSCD) design.
Effect of mono and bipolar connection modes on the electrocoagulation removal efficiency of multi-heavy metals from simulated wastewater
Authors: Hawass Zahraa Alaa , AlJaberi Forat Yasir
Published: September 2022

Electrochemical treatment methods are frequently used to remove a wide range of pollutants from wastewaters generated by domestic and industrial operations. This work aims to investigate the impacts of using monopolar and bipolar connection modes of an electrocoagulation reactor (ECR) into the DC-power supply. The present design of the ECR involves concentric-multi-cubic (CMC) aluminum electrodes. The anode electrodes are perforated to be light-weight and decrease the amount of anode consumption as well as the increase of oxygen bubbles released that were assisting the buoyancy process of light-pollutants toward the surface of the solution in addition to the hydrogen bubbles that released from the plane electrodes of the cathode. The ECR was used to treat synthetic wastewater containing 100 ppm of each Pb, Cd, and Cu ions under the effects of pH of 7, applied currentof 1.4 A, NaCl of 2 g, 300 rpm of stirring speed, and reaction time of (0-90 min). The core results proved that the bipolar connection mode (BCM) was more effective than the monopolar connection mode (MCM) in removing these toxic metals from wastewater. The highest removal efficiencies of these metals were obtained via the BCM system as: 99.97%, 99.99%, and 99.72% after 45, 90, and 30 min, respectively. While they achieved 79.72%, 85.19%, and 95.83% via the MCM system after 90, 90, and 30 min, respectively.The present new design of electrodes using the bipolar system was more reliable in wastewater treatment containing toxic metals with significant low values of electrical energy consumption, electrodes consumption, and cost-effective
Experimental study of a domestic refrigerator using (SiO 2 /PAG oil/R- 134a) nano-refrigerant as a replacement for pure R-134a
Authors: Qaid Dalya Shaker , Sakhir Abbas Alwi
Published: September 2022

This research studies the influence of using SiO2 nano-particles of 50nm in a Vapor Compression Refrigeration System (VCRS), along with Poly-alkylene Glycol (PAG) oil and R-134a mixed to create a nano-refrigerant. In this work, the nano-particles were performed in three different concentrations (0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%) and mixed with 200ml of PAG oil. AVCR system was built at the mechanical engineering department laboratory in Al-Qadisiyah University to study the Coefficient of Performance (COP) and the consumed energy by the compressor in the two cases of adding the nano-particles and using a pure refrigerant. The paper showed an increase in the system's COP from 2.3 to 2.81 when using a concentration of 0.5% of SiO2/PAG oil/R-134a, increasing the refrigeration effect and decreasing the consumed power.
Genetically compatible graphs for planetary gear train synthesis
Authors: Nafeh Hind A. , Esmail Essam Lauibi
Published: September 2022

Planetary gear trains (PGTs) are used in a wide range of mechanical applications. Graphs are used to represent PGTs. PGTs are classified into single-planet and multi-planet gear trains depending on the number of vertices in the second level of the graph. In this paper, a novel method for synthesizing PGTs up to the second level is developed. The first step in the synthesis process is the enumeration of spanning trees. A combinatorial analysis is then used to obtain the link assortment arrays and categorize them into families. Based on the parent graphs and spanning trees, the geared graphs are generated for each family. For simplicity, the steps of the newly developed genetically compatible graphing method are applied to 5-link, 1-DOF planetary gear trains. The synthesis steps are programmed in MATLAB.
Performance assessment of a solar powered egg incubator with a backup heater
Authors: Andoh Peince Y. , Sekyere Charles K.K. , Amoabeng Kofi O. , Dzebre Dennis E. K.
Published: September 2022

This study presents the performance of a novel solar-powered incubator which uses water as thermal mass. Energy absorbed by the water is transferred to the incubator chamber by a fan powered with a 12 V battery. To enable adequate control of chamber temperature and humidity, a ProNem Mini sensor and controller (ESM-3723) were incorporated into the design. The thermal mass was sized adequately to supply energy for night operations as well as periods of inclement weather. The incubator was tested with and without load. Field measurements were obtained using UT330A USB datalogger. Tests under no load conditions gave an average temperature range of 36 to 42.9°C and relative humidity of 53 % to 70.5 %. Incubation tests showed average chamber temperature and relative humidity ranges of 35 ℃ to 41 ℃ and 45 % to 61 %. Candling test gave percentage fertility and hatchability of 60% and 56%. A cost-benefit analysis gave a capital cost of 617.32 USD, incubation cost of 69 cents per chick and simple payback period of 15 months. The performance indices obtained make the proposed design a suitable architecture to build upon in order to accelerate the promotion of livelihood empowerment through poultry farming in Ghana.
Flexural and Fatigue Analysis of Blend Matrix Composite Reinforced by Natural Fibers
Authors: Jasim Ali M. , Mahmood Ibtihal A.
Published: September 2022

In this study, the mechanical properties, fatigue life, and endurance limit values were investigated for composite materials containing natural fiber reinforcement (flax, wool), which were arranged by 0°/90° Angle orientation and a combination of 0°/90° and 45°/-45° angle orientation, then the wool woven mixed by flax woven and unidirectional flax interfered with jute woven. Binary blends containing epoxy and polyurethane at v were mixed at various weight percent (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15 %) vacuum infusion technique was used to prepare the specimens. ANSYS Workbench was used as numerical software to investigate the fatigue behavior and endurance limit values of the unreinforced and reinforced blend. It was found that the weight percentage of 10% polyurethane in the blends was the optimal percentage providing the best fatigue life and the endurance limit value, endurance limit values of wool composite improved when hybridized by flax woven and unidirectional flax interfered with jute woven by 132.895 % and 66.549 % respectively
Treatment of petroleum refinery wastewater by adsorption using activated carbon fixed bed column with batch recirculation mode
Authors: Kassob Ali N. , Abbar Ali H.
Published: September 2022

Water pollution and the lack of access to clean water are general global problems that result from the expansion of industrial and agricultural activities. Petroleum refinery wastewaters consider as a major challenge to the environment and their treatment is mandatory. The present work concerns with the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from petroleum refinery wastewater taken from Iraq's Al-Diwaniyah petroleum refinery plant by using an activated carb fixed-bed column operated at a batch recirculation mode. The fixed bed column used in this work was composed of three sections: upper, central, and bottom compartments. The bottom compartment serves as a feeding chamber to the central adsorption chamber while the upper compartment serves as a collecting effluent chamber. By adopting response surface methodology (RSM), in the pacts of various operational parameters such as packing level, pH, and time on the COD removal efficiency were investigated. The optimal conditions were an activated carbon packing level of 80%, pH of 5.7, and adsorption time of 73 min approximately, which resulted in a COD removal efficiency of 96.70%. The results indicated that the packing level of activated carbon had a major effect on COD elimination followed by pH, while time had a minor effect. The model equation's adequacy was demonstrated by its strong R2 value (0.975). The present study demonstrates that the adsorption system by activated carbon is an effective method for removingcondomODom Al-Diwaniyah petroleum refinery wastewaters.
Experimental study of natural convection heat transfer enhancement in a square cavity filled with nanofluid using magnetic effects
Authors: Najem Noor S. , Basher Hadi O. , Salman Mohammed D.
Published: September 2022

Researchers in heat transfer are paying close attention to nanofluids because of their potential as high-performance thermal transport media. In light of natural convection's enormous significance, the addition of nanoparticles significantly enhances the thermophysical properties of the nanofluids compared to the base fluid. In this study, experimental work was used to evaluate the influence of CuO nanoparticles on natural convection with magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow in a square cavity. The cavity’s left and right vertical walls were maintained at different temperatures, and the top and bottom walls of the cavity were insulated. This experimental study applied a horizontal magnetic field with uniform strength. Results were obtained for a variety of Hartmann numbers ranging from 0–300, Rayleigh numbers going from 2.76E+8 to 6.89E+8, and solid volume fractions ranging from 0 to 1.5%Vol. Results showed that the heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number values decreased with the increase in the values of the Hartmann number, except for the heat transfer coefficients at Ha=100 and 150 are larger than the heat transfer coefficients at Ha= 0. The maximum heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number enhancement were 40.8% and 28.5%, respectively, at a 1.5% volume concentration of CuO-water nanofluid, Ra= 6.7E+8 and Ha=100 compared with pure fluid (water) at Ha=0.
Characteristics of on street parking in Al- Diwaniyah urban street
Authors: Al-Mrumudhi Rania Ali , Al-Obaedia Jalal T.
Published: September 2022

By creating enough parking places, cities may be able to lessen congestion and traffic disruption. Thus, the primary issue that frequently arises in urban areas is on-street parking. In Al- Diwaniyah city's urban streets, on-street parking is a common occurrence. In order to analyze on-street parking characteristics, this study has concentrated on three congested sites: Al-Orzady Street, Al Saray Street, and Almusawreen Stree. Thus; field data were collected using in -out method. The characteristics and kind of parking were looked into. According to the activities at the three sites, it was mostly discovered that the peak time is in the afternoon between 3:10 PM and 4:40 PM. The results of the data analysis show that St3 has a high parking turnover of 1.348 and St1 has a low turnover of 0.67. It was also found through the questionnaire paper that the majority of the vehicles parked on the street are for the purpose of shopping. Finally, the results indicate that weekdays in the research area are a typical time for illegally parking.
Treatment of hospital wastewater by potassium ferrate
Authors: Gafil Zahraa M. , Al.Tameemi Husham M. , Obaid Ahmed A.
Published: September 2022

It has been investigated how well potassium ferrate (K2FeO4) treats hospital wastewater effluents. In the treatment of water and wastewater, potassium ferrate serves as an oxidant, disinfectant, and coagulant with several functions. The effects of combining the oxidation and coagulation processes on features have not been extensively studied. The objective of this study is to evaluate the oxidation and coagulation effects of potassium ferrate treatment methods. An optimization technique based on response surface mythology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design was utilized to identify the ideal conditions for increased removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand COD.. Potassium ferrate has a significant impact, according to experiments. With a COD of 790 ppm as the starting point, the effects of oxidation time (30-90 minutes), potassium ferrate concentration (20-100 ppm), pH (3-9), and process stirring speed (100-400 rpm) on COD removal efficiency were examined. To find the best COD removal efficiency, it also used an optimization strategy based on Box-Behnken design via the Surface Response Method (RSM). According to the findings, time, mixing speed, and pH are the factors that have the highest impact on the effectiveness of COD removal.. Based on the study of the Minitab-19 program, Regression analysis results revealed that a Fisher value of 13.68. pH value 3, oxidation time of 62 minutes, mixing speed of 300 rpm, and potassium ferrate content of 92 ppm were discovered to be the optimal operating parameters. Based on this ideal scenario, the final concentration reached had a COD elimination effectiveness of 98 percent.
Investigation of laminar forced convection using a different shape of a heat sink
Authors: Mohsen Hiba Khayoon , Hamza Naseer
Published: September 2022

Improving the thermal design of geometric Heat Sinks (HSs) reduces their size and weight and improves heat dissipation, hence enhancing the speed of electronic devices. In this numerical study, a novel thermal design of HSs is proposed by inserting various forms in order to obtain the optimum thermal design for this type of HSs. This study has two primary objectives: determining the influence of varying types of HSs while maintaining the volume of fins, and introducing new geometries such as circular fin and circular cut fin. The tests were conducted with a heat flux of 11.1 kW/m2 and a Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 2418.56 to 819.19. For forced convection, three-dimensional numerical simulations utilising the Navier–Stokes equations laminar model and energy equation are acquired using the commercially available COMSOL Multi-physics version 5.6a CFD software. The results indicate that. A comparison analysis of HSs with different geometries revealed that the circular-cut shape exhibited the highest thermal efficiency, as measured by the Nusselt number about 153 as well as the heat transfer coefficient and the minimum thermal resistance.
Peran Orang Tua Menjadi Guru Pendamping Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Desa Portibi Julu
Authors: Khadijah Khadijah , Arlina Arlina , Welni Welni , Maisarah Maisarah
Published: September 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: peran orang tua dan kendala yang dialami orang tua sebagai guru pendamping anak pada masa pandemi covid-19 di desa Portibi Julu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Partisipan pada penelitian ini, yaitu: tiga orang tua di desa Portibi Julu Kecamatan Portibi Kabupaten Padang Lawas Utara. Syarat partisipan, yaitu: orang tua yang mempunyai anak berusia 5-6 tahun di Desa Portibi Julu dan anak tersebut terdata aktif sebagai peserta didik pada lembaga PAUD/ TK/ sederajat. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini, yaitu: wawancara terstruktur. Analisis yang dilakukan yaitu dengan konsep Miles dan Hubermen yaitu analisis data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) ada empat peran orang tua menjadi guru pendamping anak usia 5-6 tahun di masa pandemi covid-19 yaitu: sebagai guru, fasilitator, motivator, dan pengasuh; dan (2) kendala yang dialami orang tua berupa orang tua sibuk bekerja, orang tua tidak sabar mengajari anak dan orang tua sulit untuk menumbuhkan minat belajar anak.
Konsep Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini Di RA Tarbiyatussibyan Ploso Karangtengah Demak
Authors: Fitriya Aulina , Indriani Indah , Noor Fu'ad Arif
Published: September 2022

Socio-emotional development is one aspect of development that is very important for every child because it is one of the determining factors for his success in the future. Early childhood is a golden age for every aspect of development, including social and emotional aspects. Therefore, the process of child growth and development must always be considered so that it runs optimally. This study aims to determine and analyze the concept of social emotional development of early childhood in RA Tarbiyatussibyan Ploso Karangtengah Demak. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Collecting data using interviews, observation and documentation. Technique of data analysis technique of triangulation of data. The findings show that teachers have made various efforts to develop social emotional early childhood at RA Tarbiyatussibyan Ploso Karangtengah Demak, such as: (1) paying attention, (2) introducing the form of emotions and their impact through stories, (3) providing a sense of security, comfort, and affection, (4) habituation of positive behavior at school, (5) giving reinforcement with praise and appreciation, (6) providing facilities to choose and actualize hobbies, and (7) establish communication with students.
Upaya Meningkatkan Perilaku Gotong Meningkatkan Perilaku Royong AUD Melalui Permainan Tradisonaal Di TK Islam Ridho Walidhaina
Authors: Situmorang Hanisah
Published: September 2022

Menanamkan karakter positif pada anak usia sekolah dasar membutuhkan perhatian lebih. Mengingat, tantangan di era digital tentunya membawa dampak, baik positif dan dampak negatif. Mengantisipasi dampak negatif tantangan era digital dapat dilakukan melalui penguatan pendidikan karakter. Teknologi digital sebagai contoh smartphone memiliki dampak negatif berupa individualisme bagi penggunanya. Oleh karena itudiperlukan penguatan karakter gotong royong dalam mengantisipasi hal-hal negatif dampak perkembangan era digital. Salah satu strategi penguatan karakter gotong royong dapat dilakukan oleh guru sekolah dasar melalui pelaksanaan permainan tradisional.
Peran Keluarga dalam Mengoptimalkan Literasi Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Devianty Rina , Sari Yustika
Published: September 2022

Abstrak

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengetahui peran keluarga dalam menanamkan literasi sejak dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah studi literatur. Langkah awal dalam menyusun kerangka penelitian dengan metode heuristik, yaitu mengumpulkan sumber dan data yang diperlukan yang memiliki keterkaitan dengan tema penelitian yang diangkat. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu berupa sumber jurnal, skripsi dan buku yang terkait dengan penelitian. Kemudian dianalisis menggunakan reduksi data, display data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa peran keluarga untuk menanamkan literasi sejak dini sangat penting dan dapat memberikan pengalaman baru untuk orang tua dan anak mengenai kegiatan literasi.

Kata kunci: peran keluarga, literasi, anak usia dini

 

Abstract

The purpose of writing this article is to find out the role of the family in instilling literacy from an early age. The research method used in this article is a literature study. The first step in developing a research framework using the heuristic method is to collect the necessary sources and data that are related to the research theme raised. Data collection techniques used are in the form of sources of journals, theses and books related to research. Then analyzed using data reduction, data display, and draw conclusions. The results of the study can be concluded that the role of the family to instill literacy from an early age is very important and can provide new experiences for parents and children regarding literacy activities.

Keywords: family role, literacy, early childhood
Изучение кинетики выделения динитрата 9-(2-диэтиламиноэтил)-2-фенилимидазо[1,2-α]бензимидазола с мочой и определение основного метаболита в сыворотке крови лабораторных животных
Authors: Митракова Дарья Олеговна , Черников М. В. , Ремезова И. П. , Бунятян Н. Д. , Морозов А. В.
Published: September 2022

Для изучения экскреции динитрата 9-(2-диэтиламиноэтил)-2-фенилимидазо[1,2-α]бензимидазола с мочой субстанцию вводили внутрижелудочно в дозе 10 мг/кг лабораторным крысам. Для определения основного метаболита в сыворотке крови субстанцию вводили внутривенно в дозе 10 мг/кг однократно. Основной метод определения субстанции в образцах мочи — ВЭЖХ, а для установления предположительной структуры метаболита использовали ВЭЖХ-МС. Согласно полученным результатам, субстанция динитрат 9-(2-диэтиламиноэтил)-2-фенилимидазо[1,2-α]бензимидазола в неизменном виде выводится в незначительном количестве (порядка 0,01 % от введенной дозы), что связано с ее метаболизмом. Основной метаболит обнаруживается в плазме крыс уже на 3 минуте после однократного внутривенного введения в дозе 10 мг/кг.
Полимерные комплексы антибиотика рифампицина на основе поли-2-акриламидо-2-метилпропансульфокислоты
Authors: Соловский Михаил В. , Борисенко Максим С. , Смирнова Марианна Ю. , Еропкин Михаил Ю. , Еропкина Елена М. , Тарабукина Елена Б.
Published: September 2022

Синтезированы полимерные комплексы противотуберкулезного антибиотика рифампицина и гомополимера 2-акриламидо-2-метилпропансульфокислоты, содержащие 18,9 – 35,3 масс. % антибиотика. Методом жидкостной хроматографии показана стабильность полученных комплексов в этаноле. Установлено, что цитотоксичность полимерных комплексов снизилась в 2,4 – 2,8 раза по сравнению с исходным антибиотиком при сохранении ими высокого уровня противотуберкулезной активности.
Изучение цитотоксического действия и противоопухолевой активности полисахаридов, выделенных из плодового тела базидиального гриба Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Халилова Гулноза Абдувахабовна , Тураев Аббасхан Сабирханович , Мухитдинов Бахтиёр Икрамович , Хайтметова Саида Бокижановна , Нормахаматов Нодирали Сахобаталиевич
Published: September 2022

Статья посвящена выделению полисахаридов из базидиомицетного сырья Ganoderma lucidum, собранного на территории Узбекистана, и изучению их цитотоксического действия и противоопухолевой активности. Методом последовательной водной экстракции из базидиомицетного сырья выделены водорастворимые полисахариды, выход которых составил 15,16 %. Очистку выделенных полисахаридов от белков проводили методом Savage. Фенол-сернокислотным методом определено количество углеводов (52,74 %). Результаты анализа элементного состава показали, что выделенный полисахарид содержит 5,27 % азота, 54,30 % углерода и 7,79 % водорода. Установлено, что выделенные полисахариды не обладают прямым цитотоксическим действием на клетки КМЛ и HeLa в условиях in vitro. Изучена противоопухолевая активность полисахаридов в условиях in vivo. Установлено, что под влиянием выделенного полисахарида (25 мг/кг/день, в течение 10 дней, перорально) наблюдается ингибирование роста солидной опухоли аденокарциномы Эрлиха у мышей на 59,34 % по объему и 60,21 % по массе.
Синтез органических солей N1-(2,3,4-триметоксибензил)-N2-{2-[(2,3,4-триметоксибензил)амино]этил}-1,2-этандиамина и их кардиотропная активность
Authors: Мокров Григорий Владимирович , Бобровский Сергей Игоревич , Барчуков Владимир Валерьевич , Крыжановский Сергей Александрович , Цорин Иосиф Борисович , Вититнова Марина Борисовна , Ребеко Алексей Геннадьевич , Гудашева Татьяна Александровна
Published: September 2022

В работе получены органические соли N1-(2,3,4-триметоксибензил)-N2-{2-[(2,3,4-три- метоксибензил)амино]этил}-1,2-этандиамина (I) — сукцинат АЛМ-802S и цитрат АЛМ-802С. Установлено, что эти органические соли полностью сохраняют антиаритмические и антиишемические свойства тригидрохлорида I — соединения АЛМ-802 в эквимолярных дозах (2,15 – 2,75 мг/кг, в/в введение). Новые соединения относятся к VI классу токсичности, то есть являются малотоксичными веществами. Значения LD50 для органических солей I в пересчете на основание соответствуют таковому для его тригидрохлорида. При этом рН растворов органических солей I значительно выше, чем для тригидрохлорида I (5,5 – 5,8 против 3,5), что позволяет избежать местнораздражающего действия и нежелательных органолептических свойств.
Нейропротекторные и нейрорегенеративные свойства димерных дипептидных миметиков отдельных петель NGF и BDNF в условиях экспериментального моделирования ишемического инсульта
Authors: Поварнина Полина Юрьевна , Антипова Татьяна Алексеевна , Гудашева Татьяна Александровна , Середенин Сергей Борисович
Published: September 2022

В настоящей статье представлен обзор авторских работ по изучению биохимических свойств оригинальных димерных дипептидных миметиков нейротрофинов фактора роста нервов и мозгового нейротрофического фактора in vitro и их нейропротекторной и нейрорегенеративной активности в условиях экспериментального ишемического инсульта, индуцированного транзиторной окклюзией средней мозговой артерии у крыс.
Синтез и биологическая активность гидрохлоридов амидов 2-(3,3-диметил-6,7-диэтокси-3,4-дигидроизохинолин-1-ил)-карбоновых кислот и их бензо[f]-аналогов
Authors: Перетягин Дмитрий Алексеевич , Михайловский Александр Георгиевич , Рудакова Ирина Павловна , Старкова Алла Валентиновна
Published: September 2022

Реакцией Риттера 1-(3,4-диэтоксифенил)-2-метил-пропанола-2 с 2-алкил-цианоацетамидами (алкилы: Et, n-Pr, i-Pr, n-Bu, n-Am, i-Am) синтезированы амиды 2-(3,3-диметил-6,7-диэтокси-3,4-дигидроизохинолин-1-ил)-карбоновых кислот. Аналогично реакцией 1-(2-нафтил)-2-метил-пропанола-2 с теми же нитрилами получены амиды 2-(2,2-диметил-1,2-дигидро-бензо[f]изохинолин-1-ил)-карбоновых кислот. Гидрохлориды полученных соединений испытаны на антиаритмическую активность, при этом активность не обнаружена. В отношении свёртываемости крови 9 веществ оказались гемостатиками и одно — антикоагулянтом. Наиболее активны 3 вещества ряда бензо[f]изохинолина, повышающие свёртываемость крови на 31,7, 29,1 и 28,9 %. По антигельминтной активности все 10 веществ проявляют действие, превышающее активность пирантела. Два амида по уровню активности превосходят левамизол, уменьшая продолжительность жизни червей на 11,4 и 11,6 мин (левамизол — 20,2 мин). По ларвицидному действию 9 веществ превышают имидаклоприд, 2 из них уменьшают продолжительность жизни личинок до 10,2 и 13,8 мин, что превышает эффект диазинона (17 мин).
Синтез и противовоспалительная активность амидов и гидразидов N-ароилзамещенных моно(ди)галоген-антраниловых кислот
Authors: Андрюков Константин Вячеславович , Рудакова Ирина Павловна , Коркодинова Любовь Михайловна , Зверева Екатерина Вадимовна
Published: September 2022

Осуществлен синтез новых амидов и гидразидов N-ароилзамещенных моно(ди)галоген антраниловых кислот (I–XII) реакцией амидирования 6-бром-, 6-йод- (6,8-дихлор-, 6,8-дибром-)-2-замещённых-3,1-бензоксазин-4(3H)-онов, с соответствующими 4-метилфенил-, бензил- и бутиламинами и гидразином. Проведена оценка противовоспалительной активности ряда синтезированных соединений. Активными являются соединения, содержащие в амидной группе заместители: 4-метилфенил, бутил и бензил, значения процента торможения каррагенинового отёка реакции воспаления находятся в интервале от 45,8 % до 76,9 %. Установлено, что данный класс соединений является перспективным для дальнейшего поиска биологически активных веществ с противовоспалительной активностью.
От оценки радионуклидного загрязнения лекарственного растительного сырья Воронежской области к вопросам нормирования природных радионуклидов
Authors: Дьякова Нина Алексеевна , Сливкин Алексей Иванович , Тринеева Ольга Валерьевна
Published: September 2022

Целью исследования являлось изучение особенностей накопления естественных и искусственных радионуклидов в лекарственном растительном сырье (ЛРС) на примере лекарственных растений Воронежской области и определение подходов к нормированию в нем природных радионуклидов. В Воронежской области было выбрано 36 точек заготовки образов почв и ЛРС, расположенных по всей территории региона и разнообразных с точки зрения антропогенного воздействия. В качестве объектов исследования использовали фармакопейные виды ЛРС. Все изученные образцы ЛРС удовлетворяют требованиям ОФС.1.5.3.0001.15 по удельной активности цезия-137 и стронция-90, а также по сумме показателя соответствия требованиям радиационной безопасности и погрешности его определения. При этом полученные значения удельных активностей природных радионуклидов в большинстве случаев были больше числовых значений для радионуклидов техногенного происхождения. Для контроля загрязнения ЛРС естественными радионуклидами по результатам наших исследований предлагается внести дополнения в ОФС.1.5.3.0001.15, установив дополнительный числовой показатель: «Эффективная удельная активность природных радионуклидов – не более 165 Бк/кг». Данные рекомендации вынесены на основе комплексных исследований ЛРС Воронежской области на примере более 360 образцов сырья, заготовленного на различных с точки зрения антропогенного воздействия территориях, однако имеют ориентировочный характер и нуждаются в дополнительных исследованиях ЛРС других регионов РФ.
Новое направление в определении бактериальных эндотоксинов: анализ с помощью рекомбинантного фактора C
Authors: Шаповалова Ольга Владимировна , Неугодова Наталия Петровна , Сапожникова Галина Алексеевна , Степанюк Екатерина Олеговна
Published: September 2022

Сравнительное исследование методов определения бактериальных эндотоксинов с помощью рекомбинантных реактивов подтвердило, что результаты анализов не отличались от значений, полученных при использовании хромогенного кинетического теста с ЛАЛ-реактивом природного происхождения. Экспериментально подтверждено, что рекомбинантные реактивы не реагируют на примеси бета-глюканов и тем самым исключают возможность возникновения ложноположительных реакций.
Синтез индолиламинофосфоновых кислот как перспективных биологических активных соединений широкого спектра фармакологического действия
Authors: Саркисян Зара М.
Published: September 2022

Предложена методика синтеза гидрохлоридов 2-амино-1-(1-индол-3-ил)этилфосфоновой кислоты и 2-амино-1-(1-метилиндол-3-ил)этилфосфоновой кислоты — новых индол-содержащих функционализированных аминофосфоновых кислот. Реакции проводятся при комнатной температуре в растворе гидроксида лития, с последующим осаждением солей с помощью соляной кислоты. Синтезированные индолиламиноэтилфосфоновые кислоты, в молекулах которых содержатся индольный цикл, амино- и фосфоновая группы, можно рассматривать как синтетические предшественники функционализированных аналогов триптамина.