bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of the Parameters of a Vibration-Based Impact Mode Piezoelectric Power Generator
Authors: Basari Amat A. , Awaji S. , Sakamoto S. , Hashimoto S. , Homma B. , Suto K. , Okada H. , Okuno H. , Kobayashi K. , Kumagai S.
Published: November 2015

This study reports the effects of the parameters of a vibration-based impact mode piezoelectric power generator. First, an evaluation of the effects of the impact parameters, the mass, and the impact velocity is presented. It is found that the output voltage of the piezoelectric device in impact mode is directly proportional to the velocity, whereas the output power is equal to a quadratic function of the same variable. For the same impact momentum, the effect of the velocity in generating a higher peak output is dominant compared with the mass. Second, the vibration-based impact mode piezoelectric power generator is discussed. The experimental results show that a wider operating frequency bandwidth of the output power can be achieved with the preloading configuration. However, regarding magnitude, due to the high velocity of impact, the configuration with a gap between the tip and the piezoelectric device produces a higher output.
Pentraxin 3 Plasma Levels and Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Assandri Roberto , Monari Marta , Colombo Anna , Dossi Alessandra , Montanelli Alessandro
Published: November 2015

SLE is an autoimmune disorder that involves polyclonal autoimmunity against multiple autoantigens. PTX3, a marker of the acute-phase inflammatory response, plays an important role in innate immunity and in modulation of the adaptive immune response. Our study tried to resolve some rather controversial aspects of the use of PTX3 as a biomarker of disease activity in SLE patients. We demonstrated that plasma PTX3 concentration of the SLE patients was significantly higher than the healthy control groups and reflected disease activity. ROC curve analysis was used to determine best cut-off point (2.8 ng/mL) with a good sensitivity and specificity. In patients with SLE, PTX3 concentrations were correlated with SLEDAI. Trend to remission (TTR) curve was created by plotting PTX3 levels and SLEDAI and we applied the curve as a model for the analysis of two patients with different follow-up. PTX3 plasma levels declined significantly and this decline occurred parallel to the clinical improvement with a complete remission of disease. In patients who experienced a clinical relapse, an increase in PTX3 levels followed the lupus flare. The proposal of PTX3 cut-off associated with TTR and monitoring of PTX3 plasma levels could be an innovative approach to follow-up of SLE patients.
Multidemand Multisource Order Quantity Allocation with Multiple Transportation Alternatives
Authors: Gang Jun , Tu Yan , Xu Jiuping
Published: November 2015

This paper focuses on a multidemand multisource order quantity allocation problem with multiple transportation alternatives. To solve this problem, a bilevel multiobjective programming model under a mixed uncertain environment is proposed. Two levels of decision makers are considered in the model. On the upper level, the purchaser aims to allocate order quantity to multiple suppliers for each demand node with the consideration of three objectives: total purchase cost minimization, total delay risk minimization, and total defect risk minimization. On the lower level, each supplier attempts to optimize the transportation alternatives with total transportation and penalty costs minimization as the objective. In contrast to prior studies, considering the information asymmetry in the bilevel decision, random and fuzzy random variables are used to model uncertain parameters of the construction company and the suppliers. To solve the bilevel model, a solution method based on Kuhn-Tucker conditions, sectional genetic algorithm, and fuzzy random simulation is proposed. Finally, the applicability of the proposed model and algorithm is evaluated through a practical case from a large scale construction project. The results show that the proposed model and algorithm are efficient in dealing with practical order quantity allocation problems.
Facets of Nanotechnology as Seen in Food Processing, Packaging, and Preservation Industry
Authors: Pradhan Neha , Singh Surjit , Ojha Nupur , Shrivastava Anamika , Barla Anil , Rai Vivek , Bose Sutapa
Published: November 2015

Nanotechnology has proven its competence in almost all possible fields we are aware of. However, today nanotechnology has evolved in true sense by contributing to a very large extent to the food industry. With the growing number of mouths to feed, production of food is not adequate. It has to be preserved in order to reach to the masses on a global scale. Nanotechnology made the idea a reality by increasing the shelf life of different kinds of food materials. It is not an entirely full-proof measure; however it has brought down the extent of wastage of food due to microbial infestation. Not only fresh food but also healthier food is being designed with the help of nano-delivery systems which act as a carrier for the food supplements. There are regulations to follow however as several of them pose serious threats to the wellbeing of the population. In coming days, newer modes of safeguarding food are going to be developed with the help of nanotechnology. In this paper, an overview has been given of the different methods of food processing, packaging, and preservation techniques and the role nanotechnology plays in the food processing, packaging, and preservation industry.
An Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol Based on Evolutionary Game Theory in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Lin Deyu , Wang Quan , Lin Deqin , Deng Yong
Published: November 2015

The features that sensor nodes are powered by battery and have severe energy constraint make the design of energy-efficient protocol a key task for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Clustering protocols significantly cut down the energy expenditure of each sensor node. However, hot spots problem occurs in locations close to the sink. Besides, it makes things worse if the nodes with less energy are selected as cluster heads (CHs), because they are often loaded heavier traffic than cluster members (CMs) due to their duty. The issues which exist in WSNs are proposed and the primary reason why cluster head election is hard to control is then presented. A mathematical model aiming to ease the hot spots problem via optimizing the cluster size is proposed and an optimal cluster size (OCS) algorithm is given firstly. Subsequently, an evolutionary game model for the sensor nodes to terminate the anarchism during the process of cluster head selection is presented, and a novel routing protocol named Energy Efficient Routing protocol based on Evolutionary Game (EEREG) theory is proposed. Finally, extensive simulation experiments and performance comparisons with the well-known hierarchical routing protocols are conducted. The experiment results show that a significant improvement in energy efficiency as well as lifetime extension is achieved.
Synchronization and Antisynchronization for a Class of Chaotic Systems by a Simple Adaptive Controller
Authors: Ren Ling , Guo Rongwei
Published: November 2015

This paper investigates the synchronization and antisynchronization for a class of chaotic system. Firstly, a necessary and sufficient condition is proposed to synchronize and antisynchronization simultaneously for the chaotic systems. Secondly, two methods are obtained to realize coexistence of synchronization and antisynchronization in the chaotic systems, and the corresponding adaptive controllers are also given. Finally, two numerical examples with simulation verify the correctness and effectiveness of the obtained results.
Unified Fingerprinting/Ranging Localization in Harsh Environments
Authors: Prieto Javier , De Paz Juan F. , Villarrubia Gabriel , De la Prieta Fernando , Corchado Juan M.
Published: November 2015

Context-awareness in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) relies mainly on the position of objects and humans. The provision of this positional information becomes challenging in the harsh environmental conditions where WSNs are commonly deployed. With an antagonistic philosophy of design, fingerprinting and ranging have emerged as the key technologies underpinning wireless localization in harsh environments. Fingerprinting primarily focuses on accurate estimation at the expense of exhaustive calibration. Ranging mainly pursues an easy-to-deploy solution at the expense of moderate performance. In this paper, we present a resilient framework for sustained localization based on accurate fingerprinting in critical areas and light ranging in noncritical spaces. Such framework is conceived from the Bayesian perspective that facilitates the specification of recursive algorithms for real-time operation. In comparison to conventional implementations, we assessed the proposed framework in an indoor scenario with measurements gathered by commercial devices. The presented techniques noticeably outperform current approaches, enabling a flexible adaptation to the fluctuating conditions of harsh environments.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis ofUlva fasciata(Green Seaweed) Extract and Evaluation of Its Cytoprotective and Antigenotoxic Effects
Authors: Rodeiro Idania , Olguín Sitlali , Santes Rebeca , Herrera José A. , Pérez Carlos L. , Mangas Raisa , Hernández Yasnay , Fernández Gisselle , Hernández Ivones , Hernández-Ojeda Sandra , Camacho-Carranza Rafael , Valencia-Olvera Ana , Espinosa-Aguirre Jesús Javier
Published: November 2015

The chemical composition and biological properties ofUlva fasciataaqueous-ethanolic extract were examined. Five components were identified in one fraction prepared from the extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and palmitic acid and its ethyl ester accounted for 76% of the total identified components. Furthermore, we assessed the extract’s antioxidant properties by using the DPPH, ABTS, and lipid peroxidation assays and found that the extract had a moderate scavenging effect. In an experiment involving preexposition and coexposition of the extract (1–500 µg/mL) and benzo[a]pyrene (BP), the extract was found to be nontoxic to C9 cells in culture and to inhibit the cytotoxicity induced by BP. As BP is biotransformed by CYP1A and CYP2B subfamilies, we explored the possible interaction of the extract with these enzymes. The extract (25–50 µg/mL) inhibited CYP1A1 activity in rat liver microsomes. Analysis of the inhibition kinetics revealed a mixed-type inhibitory effect on CYP1A1 supersome. The effects of the extract on BP-induced DNA damage and hepatic CYP activity in mice were also investigated. Micronuclei induction by BP and liver CYP1A1/2 activities significantly decreased in animals treated with the extract. The results suggest thatUlva fasciataaqueous-ethanolic extract inhibits BP bioactivation and it may be a potential chemopreventive agent.
Left Vocal Cord Paralysis Detected by PET/CT in a Case of Lung Cancer
Authors: Oner Ali Ozan , Boz Adil , Surer Budak Evrim , Kaplan Kurt Gulnihal Hale
Published: November 2015

We report a patient with lung cancer. The first PET/CT imaging revealed hypermetabolic mass in the left aortopulmonary region and hypermetabolic nodule in the anterior segment of the upper lobe of the left lung. After completing chemotherapy and radiotherapy against the primary mass in the left lung, the patient underwent a second PET/CT examination for evaluation of treatment response. This test demonstrated, compared with the first PET/CT, an increase in the size and metabolic activity of the primary mass in the left lung in addition to multiple, pathologic-sized, hypermetabolic metastatic lymph nodes as well as multiple metastatic sclerotic areas in bones. These findings were interpreted as progressive disease. In addition, an asymmetrical FDG uptake was noticed at the level of right vocal cord. During follow-up, a laryngoscopy was performed, which demonstrated left vocal cord paralysis with no apparent mass. Thus, we attributed the paralytic appearance of the left vocal cord to infiltration of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve by the primary mass located in the apical region of the left lung. In conclusion, the knowledge of this pitfall is important to avoid false-positive PET results.
Mining for Candidate Genes Related to Pancreatic Cancer Using Protein-Protein Interactions and a Shortest Path Approach
Authors: Yuan Fei , Zhang Yu-Hang , Wan Sibao , Wang ShaoPeng , Kong Xiang-Yin
Published: November 2015

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant tumor derived from pancreas tissue and is one of the leading causes of death from cancer. Its molecular mechanism has been partially revealed by validating its oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes; however, the available data remain insufficient for medical workers to design effective treatments. Large-scale identification of PC-related genes can promote studies on PC. In this study, we propose a computational method for mining new candidate PC-related genes. A large network was constructed using protein-protein interaction information, and a shortest path approach was applied to mine new candidate genes based on validated PC-related genes. In addition, a permutation test was adopted to further select key candidate genes. Finally, for all discovered candidate genes, the likelihood that the genes are novel PC-related genes is discussed based on their currently known functions.
Enhanced High Performance Power Compensation Methodology by IPFC Using PIGBT‐IDVR
Authors: Arumugom Subramanian , Rajaram Marimuthu
Published: November 2015

Currently, power systems are involuntarily controlled without high speed control and are frequently initiated, therefore resulting in a slow process when compared with static electronic devices. Among various power interruptions in power supply systems, voltage dips play a central role in causing disruption. The dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is a process based on voltage control that compensates for line transients in the distributed system. To overcome these issues and to achieve a higher speed, a new methodology called the Parallel IGBT‐Based Interline Dynamic Voltage Restorer (PIGBT‐IDVR) method has been proposed, which mainly spotlights the dynamic processing of energy reloads in common dc‐linked energy storage with less adaptive transition. The interline power flow controller (IPFC) scheme has been employed to manage the power transmission between the lines and the restorer method for controlling the reactive power in the individual lines. By employing the proposed methodology, the failure of a distributed system has been avoided and provides better performance than the existing methodologies.
Study of NonleptonicBq∗→DqVandPqD∗Weak Decays
Authors: Chang Qin , Hu Xiaohui , Sun Junfeng , Wang Xiaolin , Yang Yueling
Published: November 2015

Motivated by the powerful capability of measurement for thebhadron decays at LHC and SuperKEKB/Belle-II, the nonleptonicB-∗→DD-∗,Dρ-,DK∗-,πD∗, andKD∗decays are studied. With the amplitudes calculated with factorization approach and the form factors evaluated with the BSW model, branching fractions and polarization fractions are firstly presented. Numerically, the CKM-favoredB-q∗→DqDs∗-andDqρ-decays have branching fractions ~10−8, which should be sought for with priority and firstly observed by LHC and Belle-II. TheB-q∗→DqK∗andDqρdecays are dominated by the longitudinal polarization states, while the parallel polarization fractions ofB-q∗→DqD-∗decays are comparable with the longitudinal ones; numerically,f∥+fL≃95% andfL:f∥≃5:4. Some comparisons betweenB-q∗0→DqVand their correspondingB-q0→Dq∗Vdecays are performed, and the relationfL,∥(B-∗0→DV)≃fL,∥(B-0→D∗V)is found. With the implication ofSU(3)flavor symmetry, the ratiosRduandRdsare discussed and suggested to be verified experimentally.
Method for Determining the Maximum Allowable Capacity of Wind Farm Based on Box Set Robust Optimization
Authors: Guo Lihui , Bai Hao
Published: November 2015

With the increasing penetration of wind power, the randomness and volatility of wind power output would have a greater impact on safety and steady operation of power system. In allusion to the uncertainty of wind speed and load demand, this paper applied box set robust optimization theory in determining the maximum allowable installed capacity of wind farm, while constraints of node voltage and line capacity are considered. Optimized duality theory is used to simplify the model and convert uncertainty quantities in constraints into certainty quantities. Under the condition of multi wind farms, a bilevel optimization model to calculate penetration capacity is proposed. The result of IEEE 30-bus system shows that the robust optimization model proposed in the paper is correct and effective and indicates that the fluctuation range of wind speed and load and the importance degree of grid connection point of wind farm and load point have impact on the allowable capacity of wind farm.
Harmful Effects of Nanoparticles on Animals
Authors: Exbrayat Jean-Marie , Moudilou Elara N. , Lapied Emmanuel
Published: November 2015

Since several years nanoparticles (NPs) are produced by industries and used in several fields of activities. They are finally found in aquatic and terrestrial environments, where they are ingested by living organisms in which they accumulate, before being eliminated. In organisms, NPs represent foreign elements with their own physicochemical properties due to their small size. So NPs may interfere with the normal physiological mechanisms of the embryos, growing animals, and adults, and it is indispensable to understand their potentially direct or indirect harmful effects on living organisms. It has been already shown that NPs could be toxic to bacteria, algae, invertebrates, and vertebrates. In this review, several examples of recent studies are given. We will examine successively the effects of NPs on terrestrial and semiaquatic and aquatic vertebrate and invertebrate animals.
Association between Severe Dehydration in Rotavirus Diarrhea and Exclusive Breastfeeding among Infants at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Prasetyo Dwi , Sabaroedin Iesje Martiza , Ermaya Yudith Setiati , Soenarto Yati
Published: November 2015

Background. Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe acute diarrhea in children. Infants who are exclusively breastfed develop fewer infections and have less severe illnesses. This study aimed to determine association between severe dehydration in rotavirus diarrhea and exclusive breastfeeding.Methods. This is a cross-sectional study in infants ≤ 6 months old with acute diarrhea in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.Results. From 134 infants ≤ 6 months old with acute diarrhea enrolled from April 2009 to December 2012, there were 88 (65.6%) boys and 46 (34.4%) girls in this study. Rotavirus was detected in 60 (44.8 %), 32 (53.3%) of whom were exclusively breastfed. From rotavirus positive subjects, severe dehydration occurred in 4 (12.6%) exclusively breastfed infants and 6 (21.5%) not exclusively breastfed infants. No significant association was found between severe dehydration and exclusive breastfeeding (p= 0.491) in rotavirus diarrhea.Conclusions. In rotavirus diarrhea, there was no significant association between exclusive breastfeeding and severe dehydration.
Seeing Is Feeding for the Frugivorous Bird Brown-Eared Bulbul (Microscelis amaurotis)
Authors: Honda Takeshi , Tsuboi Jun-ichi , Kuwata Hiroshi
Published: November 2015

We examined feeding behavior by visually blocking fruit to establish a new theory of bird damage management for agricultural practices. Partly or fully invisible clusters of grapes were fixed on a perch. The birds selectively pecked the clearly visible part of the half-visible bag at a pecking count rate of 0.94–1.00 (95% CI). Half-visible bags allowed the birds to look inside like a skirt and detect the initially hidden portions of grapes, which were covered with opaque white bags. However, very few birds pecked at the white bags that were partially covering the grapes. That is, very few birds attempted to eat covered but easily detectable fruits. Only five birds gravitated toward the grapes in the completely covered nontranslucent bags, but they never pecked at them. Our results show that visual blocking could be a promising new technique to prevent bird damage.
Urinary Incontinence during Sleep Associated with Extended Release Form of Bupropion HCI
Authors: Izci Filiz , Iris Koc Merve , Bilici Rabia , Yalcin Murat , Bestepe Engin Emrem
Published: November 2015

Bupropion hydrochloride (HCI) is an antidepressant that acts as a norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor and has three different dosage forms including immediate release (IR), sustained release (SR), and extended release (ER). Despite its relatively safe side effect profile bupropion may cause several side effects. Here, we aimed to report a case with major depression using extended release form of bupropion hydrochloride who was presented with urinary incontinence during sleep, an uncommon side effect of bupropion.
Development of a HPLC Method for the Quantitative Determination of Capsaicin in Collagen Sponge
Authors: Guo Chun-Lian , Chen Hong-Ying , Cui Bi-Ling , Chen Yu-Huan , Zhou Yan-Fang , Peng Xin-Sheng , Wang Qin
Published: November 2015

Controlling the concentration of drugs in pharmaceutical products is essential to patient’s safety. In this study, a simple and sensitive HPLC method is developed to quantitatively analyze capsaicin in collagen sponge. The capsaicin from sponge was extracted for 30 min with ultrasonic wave extraction technique and methanol was used as solvent. The chromatographic method was performed by using isocratic system composed of acetonitrile-water (70 : 30) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min and the detection wavelength was at 280 nm. Capsaicin can be successfully separated with good linearity (the regression equation isA= 9.7182C+ 0.8547;R2= 1.0) and perfect recovery (99.72%). The mean capsaicin concentration in collagen sponge was 49.32 mg/g (RSD = 1.30%;n= 3). In conclusion, the ultrasonic wave extraction method is simple and the extracting efficiency is high. The HPLC assay has excellent sensitivity and specificity and is a convenient method for capsaicin detection in collagen sponge. This paper firstly discusses the quantitative analysis of capsaicin in collagen sponge.
Understanding the Unique Attributes of MUC16 (CA125): Potential Implications in Targeted Therapy
Authors: Das Srustidhar , Batra Surinder K.
Published: November 2015

CA125, the most widely used ovarian cancer biomarker, was first identified approximately 35 years ago in an antibody screen against ovarian cancer antigen. Two decades later, it was cloned and characterized to be a transmembrane mucin, MUC16. Since then, several studies have investigated its expression, functional, and mechanistic involvement in multiple cancer types. Antibody-based therapeutic approaches primarily using antibodies against the tandem repeat domains of MUC16 (e.g., oregovomab and abagovomab) have been the modus operandi for MUC16-targeted therapy, but have met with very limited success. In addition, efforts have been also made to disrupt the functional cooperation of MUC16 and its interacting partners; for example, use of a novel immunoadhesin HN125 to interfere MUC16 binding to mesothelin. Since the identification of CA125 to be MUC16, it is hypothesized to undergo proteolytic cleavage, a process that is considered to be critical in determining the kinetics of MUC16 shedding as well as generation of a cell-associated carboxyl-terminal fragment with potential oncogenic functions. In addition to our experimental demonstration of MUC16 cleavage, recent studies have demonstrated the functional importance of carboxyl terminal fragments of MUC16 in multiple tumor types. Here, we provide how our understanding of the basic biologic processes involving MUC16 influences our approach toward MUC16-targeted therapy. Cancer Res; 75(22); 4669–74. ©2015 AACR.
A Heritable Missense Polymorphism in CDKN2A Confers Strong Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Is Preferentially Selected during Clonal Evolution
Authors: Walsh Kyle M. , de Smith Adam J. , Hansen Helen M. , Smirnov Ivan V. , Gonseth Semira , Endicott Alyson A. , Xiao Jianqiao , Rice Terri , Fu Cecilia H. , McCoy Lucie S. , Lachance Daniel H. , Eckel-Passow Jeanette E. , Wiencke John K. , Jenkins Robert B. , Wrensch Margaret R. , Ma Xiaomei , Metayer Catherine , Wiemels Joseph L.
Published: November 2015

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified SNPs in six genes that are associated with childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A lead SNP was found to occur on chromosome 9p21.3, a region that is deleted in 30% of childhood ALLs, suggesting the presence of causal polymorphisms linked to ALL risk. We used SNP genotyping and imputation-based fine-mapping of a multiethnic ALL case–control population (Ncases = 1,464, Ncontrols = 3,279) to identify variants of large effect within 9p21.3. We identified a CDKN2A missense variant (rs3731249) with 2% allele frequency in controls that confers three-fold increased risk of ALL in children of European ancestry (OR, 2.99; P = 1.51 × 10−9) and Hispanic children (OR, 2.77; P = 3.78 × 10−4). Moreover, of 17 patients whose tumors displayed allelic imbalance at CDKN2A, 14 preferentially retained the risk allele and lost the protective allele (PBinomial = 0.006), suggesting that the risk allele provides a selective advantage during tumor growth. Notably, the CDKN2A variant was not significantly associated with melanoma, glioblastoma, or pancreatic cancer risk, implying that this polymorphism specifically confers ALL risk but not general cancer risk. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that coding polymorphisms of large effect can underlie GWAS “hits” and that inherited polymorphisms may undergo directional selection during clonal expansion of tumors. Cancer Res; 75(22); 4884–94. ©2015 AACR.
p53 Activity Dominates That of p73 upon Mdm4 Loss in Development and Tumorigenesis
Authors: Tashakori Mehrnoosh , Zhang Yun , Xiong Shunbin , You M. James , Lozano Guillermina
Published: November 2015

Mdm4 negatively regulates the p53 tumor suppressor. Mdm4 loss in mice leads to an embryonic lethal phenotype that is p53-dependent. Biochemical studies indicate that Mdm4 also binds p73, a member of the p53 family, with higher affinity than p53. In this study, the significance of the Mdm4 and p73 interaction in vivo during embryogenesis and tumorigenesis was examined. The data revealed that p73 loss did not rescue either the early Mdm4-deficient embryonic lethality or the runted phenotype of Mdm4Δ2/Δ2 p53+/− embryos. Furthermore, studies in the developing central nervous system wherein both genes have prominent roles indicated that loss of p73 also did not rescue the Mdm4-null brain phenotype as did p53 loss. This p53 dependency occurred despite evidence for p73-specific transcriptional activity. In tumor studies, the combination of Mdm4 overexpression and p73 loss did not alter survival of mice or the tumor spectrum as compared with Mdm4 overexpression alone. In summary, these data demonstrate that the Mdm4–p73 axis cannot override the dominant role of p53 in development and tumorigenesis.

Implications: Genetic characterization of the Mdm4 and p73 interaction during development and tumorigenesis suggests new insight into the role of p53 family members, which may influence treatment options for patients. Mol Cancer Res; 14(1); 56–65. ©2015 AACR.
Uninterrupted Sedentary Behavior Downregulates BRCA1 Gene Expression
Authors: Pettapiece-Phillips Rachael , Kotlyar Max , Chehade Rania , Salmena Leonardo , Narod Steven A. , Akbari Mohammad , Jurisica Igor , Kotsopoulos Joanne
Published: November 2015

BRCA1 mutation carriers face a high lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. Physical activity induces broad transcriptional changes, and multiple studies have documented its beneficial effects across cancers. Because haploinsufficiency predisposes to breast cancer in these women, factors that increase BRCA1 levels may mitigate the effect of the mutation. Whether physical activity modulates BRCA1 expression and whether lifestyle factors could benefit women with a mutation remain unclear. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate whether physical activity or sedentary behavior affects BRCA1 mRNA expression. Activity levels were assessed in 50 female participants (14 BRCA1 mutation carriers and 36 noncarriers) using the GT3X Actigraph accelerometer, and BRCA1 mRNA expression was quantified from peripheral blood lymphocytes using the Nanostring nCounter Analysis System. There was a significant negative correlation between the longest sedentary bout and BRCA1 mRNA expression (ρ = –0.32; P = 0.02). Women below the median for the longest sedentary bout had significantly higher BRCA1 mRNA levels compared with women above the median (161 vs. 132 counts; P = 0.04; one-sided Mann–Whitney U test). There was no significant relationship between mean metabolic equivalents of task rate or mean sedentary time and BRCA1 mRNA expression (Spearman correlation P ≥ 0.75; P ≥ 0.14; Mann–Whitney U test). These findings suggest that prolonged periods of sedentary behavior are associated with significantly lower BRCA1 mRNA expression. Whether this translates into a potentially more harmful effect in BRCA1 mutation carriers warrants further investigation. Cancer Prev Res; 9(1); 83–88. ©2015 AACR.
A Phase I Trial of High-Dose Chemotherapy Combining Topotecan plus Cyclophosphamide with Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Ovarian Cancer: The ITOV 01bis Study
Authors: Selle Frédéric , Pautier Patricia , Lhommé Catherine , Viens Patrice , Fabbro Michel , Lokiec François , Gligorov Joseph , Richard Sandrine , Provent Stéphane , Soares Daniele G. , Lotz Jean-Pierre
Published: November 2015

Background: Dose-intensive chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been evaluated as a salvage treatment for recurrent ovarian cancer, but its benefit has not yet been demonstrated. In a previous phase I trial, we reported the feasibility of administering topotecan as a salvage regimen. Methods: Twenty-one patients were treated with escalating doses of topotecan associated with a fixed dose of cyclophosphamide. Results: The maximum tolerated dose was established at 9.0 mg/m2 on a 5-day regimen, analogously to what was reported for topotecan monotherapy. One toxic death from septic shock and multiorgan failure occurred. Although hematopoietic toxicities were overcome by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, superior nonhematological toxicities were observed as compared to the initial trial. Conclusion: Response rates were generally short and survival rates were poor. Results of the ITOV 01bis study demonstrate that, in the setting of recurrent ovarian cancer, intensive chemotherapy based on topotecan-cyclophosphamide association is not currently clinically indicated.
Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Severe Renal Dysfunction Including Dialysis Following Defibrillator Implantation
Authors: Bogdan Stefan , Nof Eyal , Eisen Alon , Sela Ron , Rosenheck Shimon , Freedberg Nahum , Geist Michael , Ben-Zvi Shlomit , Haim Moti , Glikson Michael , Goldenberg Ilan , Suleiman Mahmoud ,   on behalf of the Israeli working group of pacing and electrophysiology of the Israeli Heart Society
Published: November 2015

Background: Renal dysfunction is associated with increased mortality in heart failure (HF) patients. However, there are limited data regarding clinical and arrhythmic outcomes associated with implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in this population. Methods: We evaluated outcomes associated with the severity of renal dysfunction with or without dialysis among 2,289 patients who were enrolled and prospectively followed up in the Israeli ICD Registry. The primary endpoint of the study was all-cause mortality. Secondary endpoints included cardiac mortality, HF hospitalization, non-cardiac hospitalization, and appropriate and inappropriate ICD therapy. Results: Severe renal dysfunction patients (estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min/​1.73 m2; n = 144 patients; 6%) were older, with higher comorbidities prevalence, and more likely to suffer from advanced HF. Among severe renal dysfunction patients, those on dialysis had a lower prevalence of wide QRS and complete left bundle branch morphology, resulting in lower cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRTD) implantation rates. Dialysis was associated with an overall increased risk for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 3.22; 95% CI 1.69-6.13; p < 0.01) and for noncardiac hospitalizations (HR 2.80; p < 0.001) compared to all other study patients. However, within the subgroup of patients with severe renal dysfunction, the presence of dialysis was not an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality (HR 0.99; p = 0.97) as compared to non-dialysis. The rate of appropriate ICD therapy for ventricular tachyarrhythmias increased with declining renal function, with the highest rate observed among those undergoing dialysis. Conclusions: The present findings suggest that dialysis does not significantly modify the adverse outcomes associated with severe renal dysfunction following ICD/CRTD implantation.
Low-Dose Docetaxel Combined with Dexamethasone Is Feasible for Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Miura Noriyoshi , Tanji Nozomu , Yanagihara Yutaka , Noda Terutaka , Asai Seiji , Nishimura Kenichi , Shirato Akitomi , Miyauchi Yuki , Kikugawa Tadahiko , Yokoyama Masayoshi
Published: November 2015

Aim: Docetaxel-based chemotherapy against castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has recently been shown to be effective and tolerable. The objective of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of low-dose docetaxel in combination with dexamethasone. Methods: Thirty-seven CRPC patients were administered a treatment regimen consisting of 50 mg/m2 docetaxel once every 3-4 weeks and 1 mg dexamethasone daily at our institution, between November 2004 and April 2014. Results: Twenty-four patients (65%) had a decrease in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >50%. The median overall survival (OS) and PSA progression-free survival were 26.2 and 10.0 months, respectively. Ten of 12 patients (83%) taking analgesic agents reduced their intake because of decreased pain levels. Grade 3 febrile neutropenia occurred in 2 patients (5%). Nonhematological toxicities were less frequent but sometimes severe. Treatment-related death occurred in 2 octogenarian patients, 1 due to gastric bleeding and the other due to infective endocarditis. Conclusion: Low-dose docetaxel in combination with dexamethasone is feasible in Japanese CRPC patients. Hematological toxicity is less than that seen with standard docetaxel therapy, but it is necessary to monitor patients for severe nonhematological toxicities, particularly very elderly patients.
Elevated Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 Concentration: Prediction of Mortality among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Chathoth Shahanas , Al-Mueilo Samir , Cyrus Cyril , Vatte Chittibabu , Al-Nafaie Awatif , Al-Ali Rudaynah , Keating Brendan J. , Al-Muhanna Fahad , Al Ali Amein
Published: November 2015

Background: The osteocyte-derived hormone, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), regulates the phosphorus metabolism and suppresses 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production, thereby mitigating hyperphosphatemia in patients with renal disorders. An elevated FGF23 level is suggested to be an early biomarker of altered phosphorus metabolism in the initial stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acts as a strong predictor of mortality in dialysis patients. In the Saudi population, there is no report on the FGF23 level in CKD patients to date. This study aims to estimate the plasma FGF23 levels in the Saudi population and to correlate it with its clinical manifestations in order to ascertain its role in the pathogenesis of CKD patients. Methods: The FGF23 level in the plasma samples was determined using ELISA in a diverse cohort of 89 cases with stage 3-5 CKD and 100 healthy subjects. The plasma FGF23 level was correlated with other biochemical parameters. Results: The results revealed that the FGF23 level was markedly elevated among CKD patients compared to the control group, and a significant inverse correlation was observed between the FGF23 level and glomerular filtration rate. FGF23 elevation was approximately 40-fold among stage 5 patients compared to the control, while the elevation of phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase was 2-, 3- and 8-fold in this stage, respectively. Conclusion: Elevated FGF23 levels may have a strong correlation with the disease pathogenesis. In addition, FGF23 might be a future therapeutic target to intervene against the progression of CKD as well as to increase patient survivability.
Inhibitory Effects of Zinc Ions on Enamel Demineralisation Kinetics in vitro
Authors: Mohammed Nasrine R. , Lynch Richard J.M. , Anderson Paul
Published: November 2015

Metal ions including zinc have the ability to influence enamel demineralisation. However, there is a paucity of data regarding reductions in demineralisation effected by zinc ions (Zn2+) in the literature. Therefore the aim was to measure the effects of zinc ion concentration ([Zn2+]) on the real-time in vitro demineralisation of enamel, during exposure to caries-simulating conditions, using scanning microradiography (SMR). Human enamel blocks were fixed in SMR environmental cells, through which acidic solutions (0.1 M acetic acid, pH 4.0) were circulated for periods of 50 h. SMR was used to quantitatively measure continuous mineral mass loss. Subsequently, the effects of sequentially increasing [Zn2+] (0.1-3,565 ppm) in the acidic solutions were measured on the rate of enamel demineralisation. This study demonstrated that Zn2+ even at low concentrations significantly reduces enamel demineralisation. There was a log-linear relationship between the mean percentage reduction in demineralisation and increasing [Zn2+] up to 3,565 ppm, i.e. the change in the overall percentage reduction in demineralisation was greater at lower concentrations than at higher concentrations, with 60% reduction at 36 ppm increasing to 90% at 3,565 ppm. In conclusion, SMR demonstrated the ability of Zn2+ to reduce the rate of enamel demineralisation under real-time in vitro acid conditions simulating dental caries. The results suggest that Zn2+ in the oral fluids could protect against enamel demineralisation during an acidic challenge. The log-linear relationship between [Zn2+] and demineralisation suggests that the reduction in enamel dissolution is limited by the saturation of surface sites on the enamel surface.
Prevalence and Clinical Relevance of IgE Sensitization to Profilin in Childhood: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Asero Riccardo , Tripodi Salvatore , Dondi Arianna , Di Rienzo Businco Andrea , Sfika Ifigenia , Bianchi Annamaria , Candelotti Paolo , Caffarelli Carlo , Povesi Dascola Carlotta , Ricci Giampaolo , Calamelli Elisabetta , Maiello Nunzia , Miraglia del Giudice Michele , Frediani Tullio , Frediani Simone , Macrì Francesco , Moretti Matteo , Dello Iacono Iride , Patria Maria Francesca , Varin Elena , Peroni Diego , Comberiati Pasquale , Chini Loredana , Moschese Viviana , Lucarelli Sandra , Bernardini Roberto , Pingitore Giuseppe , Pelosi Umberto , Tosca Mariangela , Cirisano Anastasia , Faggian Diego , Plebani Mario , Verga Carmen , Matricardi Paolo Maria ,   for the Italian Pediatric Allergy Network (I-PAN)
Published: November 2015

Background: Little is known about the prevalence and clinical relevance of hypersensitivity to the plant panallergen profilin in children. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate prevalence, risk factors and clinical relevance of profilin sensitization in a large cohort of Italian children of different ages living in different geographic areas. Methods: Children with pollen allergy enrolled by 16 pediatric outpatient clinics sited in three main geographic areas of Italy were studied. SPT were carried out with commercial pollen extracts and a commercial purified date palm pollen profilin. IgE specific for allergenic pollen molecules, Phl p 12 (grass profilin) and Pru p 3 (peach lipid transfer protein) were tested by ImmunoCAP FEIA. Results: IgE to Phl p 12 (≥0.35 kU/l) was observed in 296 of the 1,271 participants (23%), including 17 of the 108 (16%) preschool children. Profilin SPT was positive (≥3 mm) in 320/1,271 (25%) participants. The two diagnostic methods were concordant in 1,151 (91%, p < 0.0001) cases. Phl p 12 IgE prevalence declined from northern to southern Italy and was directly associated with IgE to Phl p 1 and/or Phl p 5 and Ole e 1. Among children with IgE to Phl p 12, OAS was provoked by kiwi, melon, watermelon, banana, apricot and cucumber. Conclusions: Profilin sensitization is very frequent among pollen-allergic children, occurs at a very young age and contributes to the development of childhood OAS with a typical pattern of offending foods. Pediatricians should always consider IgE sensitization to profilin while examining pollen-allergic children, even if they are at preschool age.
Energy Balance in Huntington's Disease
Authors: Gil Polo Cecilia , Cubo Delgado Esther , Mateos Cachorro Ana , Rivadeneyra Posadas Jéssica , Mariscal Pérez Natividad , Armesto Formoso Diana
Published: November 2015

Introduction: Little is known about the energy needs in Huntington's disease (HD). The aims of this study are to analyze and compare the total energy expenditure (TEE) and energy balance (EB) in a representative sample of HD patients with healthy controls. Methods: This is an observational, case-control single-center study. Food caloric energy intake (EI) and TEE were considered for estimating EB. A dietary recall questionnaire was used to assess the EI. TEE was computed as the sum of resting energy expenditure (REE), measured by indirect calorimetry and physical activity (PA) monitored by an actigraph. Results: A total of 22 patients were included (36% men, mean age 50.3 ± 15.6 years, motor Unified Huntington's Disease Scale 27.9 ± 23.7, total functional capacity 11.0 (7.0-13.0), EI 38.6 ± 10.0 kcal/kg, PA 5.3 (3.0-7.4) kcal/kg, REE 30.9 ± 6.4 kcal/kg, TEE 2,023.4 (1,592.0-2,226.5) kcal/day) and 18 controls (50% men, mean age 47.4 ± 13.8 years, EI 38.6 ± 10.3 kcal/kg, PA 8.4 (5.0-13.8) kcal/kg, REE 30.8 ± 6.6 kcal/kg, TEE 2,281.0 (2,057.3-2,855.3) kcal/day). TEE was significantly lower in patients compared to controls (p = 0.03). PA was lower in patients compared to controls (p = 0.02). Conclusions: Although patients with HD appeared to have lower energy expenditure, mainly due to decreased voluntary PA, they were still able to maintain their energy needs with an adequate food intake.
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage and Sports
Authors: Sousa Nanji Liliana , Melo Teresa P. , Canhão Patrícia , Fonseca Ana Catarina , Ferro José Manuel
Published: November 2015

Background: Some cases of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) have been associated with vigorous physical activity, including sports. Our research aimed to describe the association between SAH and sports and to identify the types of sports that were more frequently found as precipitating factors in a tertiary single-centre SAH register. Methods: We retrieved information from a prospectively collected SAH registry and reviewed discharge notes of acute SAH patients admitted to the Stroke Unit of Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, between 1995 and 2014. Results: Out of 738 patients included in the analysis, 424 (57.5%) cases of SAH were preceded by physical activity. Nine cases (1.2%) were associated with sports, namely running (2 cases), aerobics (2 cases), cycling, body balance, dance, surf and windsurf. Patients with SAH while practicing sports were younger than controls (average age 43.1 vs. 57.0 years; p = 0.007). In 1 patient, there was a report of trauma to the neck. Patients in the sports group only had Hunt and Hess scale grades 1 (11.1%) or 2 (88.9%) at admission, while patients in the control group had a wider distribution in severity. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that SAH precipitated by sports is not very frequent and is uncommonly related to trauma. Patients who suffered SAH associated with sports were younger and apparently had a milder clinical presentation.
The Effect of Patient Position during Mid-Urethral Sling Operations on the Postoperative Outcomes of Sling Success: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: Han Agahan , Karaman Erbil , Alkiş İsmet , Ark Hasan Cemal , Akça Aysu , Numanoğlu Ceyhun , Alptekin Betül Büyükkaya , Tunca Aysun Fendal
Published: November 2015

Aims: To determine and compare the effectiveness, peri- and postoperative outcomes of mid-urethral sling (MUS) operations for urinary incontinence, using 2 different patient positions during surgery. Methods: In this study, 146 patients underwent MUS surgery in a urogynecology clinic. Of them, 72 patients underwent the intraoperative surgical procedure of reverse trendelenburg patient positioning for tape adjustment (group 1) and the remaining 74 patients had the routine surgical procedure of MUS surgery (group 2). The primary outcome was the evaluation of postoperative urine leaks, using the stress test, and secondary outcomes were quality of life, using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF, Turkish version) and complication rates. Results: There were no significant differences in demographic variables between the 2 groups. The overall cure rates for incontinence in the lithotomy position was 97.22 and 85.13% for groups 1 and 2, respectively, in which group 1 had a statistically significant decrease in urine leak postoperatively (p < 0.05; OR 3.08, 95% CI 2.78-22.14). The postoperative ICQ-SF scores showed no significant difference between the 2 groups (p = 0.19). Conclusion: Applying a 45-degree reverse trendelenburg position for tape adjusting during MUS operation results in a greater objective cure rate compared with the typical dorsolithotomy position; however, there was no difference in the subjective outcome.
Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava in Hematological Malignancy Requiring Central Venous Catheter Insertion for Intensive Chemotherapy
Authors: Imataki Osamu , Kubo Hiroyuki , Hamasaki Yukiko , Oku Maki , Kida Jun-ichiro , Uemura Makiko , Matsuka Harumi
Published: November 2015

Persistent left superior vena cava is a congenital vascular anomaly, which is possibly arrhythmogenic and thrombogenic, rarely complicated with coronary sinus atresia. We treated a 42-year-old male with Hodgkin's lymphoma requiring central venous catheter placement for intensive chemotherapy. Persistent left superior vena cava was revealed after the insertion of the central venous catheter by the radiological finding of the catheter tip cannulated into the vena cava cavity. The relationship between coronary sinus atresia and persistent left superior vena cava induced by central venous catheterization remains unclear; however, the hematologist should pay attention to the malpositioning of the central venous catheter.
A influência da prova pericial nas decisões judiciais acerca da responsabilidade civil dos médicos
Authors: Kallas Filho Elias , Fonseca João Paulo de Oliveira
Published: November 2015

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estudar a prova pericial no contexto da resolução das demandas judiciais sobre a responsabilidade civil dos médicos. Para tanto, a pesquisa desdobra-se, inicialmente, sobre um campo teórico, abordando a questão da prova pericial e sua relação com as demais provas admitidas pelo Direito na perspectiva do processo civil pátrio, ressaltando o princípio da persuasão racional do juiz; num segundo momento, a pesquisa recai sobre a análise jurisprudencial do Tribunal de Justiça de Minas Gerais. Com a coadunação entre essas duas dimensões da pesquisa, foi possível constatar um elevado grau de convergência entre as decisões do tribunal mineiro e as conclusões da prova pericial.