bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Pengaruh Biaya Operasional Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pada PT. PLN (Persero)
Authors: Indriakati Andi Jenni , Zulfayani Andi , Siska Vira
Published: October 2022

Listrik Negara (PLN) merupakan suatu perusahaan BUMN yang mempunyai tugas dan berwenang untuk mengurusi energi kelistrikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan Untuk melihati pengaruh biaya operasional terhadap kinerja kuangan pada PTPLN  (persero). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada PT.PLN (persero) sedangkan pengambilan data penelitian dilakukan melalui laman ebsite resmi PT. PLN, (Persero) yaitu https://web.pln.co.id/stakeholder/laporan-keuangan, Tehnik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling yaitu tehnik penarikan sampel dengan pertimbangan tertentu, sehingga sampel pada pengamatan ini ialah catatan keuangan PT PLN (Persero) yang berupa catatan labarugi dan neraca yang dari tahun 2016-2020, Untuk melihat Pengaruh biaya operasinal terhadap kineja keuangan PT. PLN, (Persero) dengan menggunakan Sakala Regresi Linear sederhana. Berdasarkan penjabaran Regresi linier sederhana maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa besarnya koefisien variabel Biaya Operasional pada tingkat perolehan 0,048 < 0.05 yang berarti setiap peningkatan variabel Biaya Operasional sebesar 1%, maka kemampuan finansial yang dihitung dengan ROA menurun sebesar 8,688 dengan asumsi variabel lainnya konstan. Maka berarti biaya operasional berdampak negatif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan pada PT PLN (Persero). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Adapun saran yang dapat jadi masukan yaitu diharapkan kepada pihak PT. PLN, (Persero) unttk selalu meningkatkan laba, dan mengurangi biaya operasional agar dapat memajukan kemampuan finansial PT. PLN (persero) sampai memenuhi kriteria ROA yaitu melebihi 2%, selanjutnya kepada Peneliti selanjutnya agar menambah alat pengukuran Kinerja keuangan selain rasio perofitabilitas
Pengaruh Harga Jual Produk Terhadap Tingkat Kesejahteraan Petani Gula Merah Di Desa Goarie Kabupaten Soppeng
Authors: Ginoga Verry , Saban Yasrib Putranto , Indrawati Indrawati
Published: October 2022

Desa Gorie merupakan salah satu desa yang terletak di Kecamatan Marioriwawo Kabupaten Soppeng, yang beberapa penduduknya berprofesi sebagai petani gula merah. Namun saat ini jumlah petani gula merah di Desa Goarie masih minim, salah satu penyebabnya adalah faktor harga jual, harga jual gula merah yang dirasa petani tidak sebanding dengan biaya produk dan cara pembuatannya yang tergolong sulit, serta risiko yang harus ditanggung dalam memperoleh bahan baku gula merah. Masalah yang sering muncul dalam penentuan harga jual gula merah di Desa Goarie adalah jika harga gula merah ditetapkan sedikit mahal, maka gula merah yang diproduksi berisiko tidak akan laku. Berdasaran harga jual gula merah dari bulan Januari s/d Oktober 2021 mengalami fluktuasi dan bahkan cenderung menurun hal ini terlihat dari bulan Februari ke Maret harga gula merah turun dari Rp. 22.000 menjadi Rp. 21.000, selanjutnya pada bulan Maret ke April turun signifikan Rp. 21.000 menjadi Rp. 18.000, dan bulan September ke bulan Oktober menurun dari Rp. 20.000 menjadi Rp. 18.000. kesejahteraan petani gula merah di Desa Goarie masih tergolong rendah, hal ini terlihat dari sebagian besar petani gula merah merupakan penerima Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) yang merupakan program pemerintah yang diperuntukkan untuk keluarga yang kurang mampu
Test file
Authors: Zilberman Mark
Published: October 2022

Test file
Role of Transferrin in Iron Metabolism
Authors: Charan Giri Nitai
Published: October 2022

Transferrin plays a vital role in iron metabolism. Transferrin is a glycoprotein and has a molecular weight of ~80 kDa. It contains two homologous iron-binding domains, each of which binds one Fe (III). Transferrin delivers the iron to various cells after binding to the transferrin receptor on the cell surface. The transferrin-transferrin receptor complex is then transported into the cell by receptor-mediated endocytosis. The iron is released from transferrin at low pH (e.g., endosomal pH). The transferrin-transferrin receptor complex will then be transported back to the cell surface, ready for another round of Fe uptake and release. Thus, transferrin plays a vital role in iron homeostasis and in iron-related diseases such as anemia. In the case of anemia, an increased level of plasma transferrin is often observed. On the other hand, low plasma transferrin level or transferrin malfunction is observed during the iron overdose. This chapter will focus on the role of transferrin in iron metabolism and diseases related to transferrin.
Automatic Noise Reduction in Ultrasonic Computed Tomography Image for Adult Bone Fracture Detection
Authors: Fradi Marwa , Bouallegue Kais , Lasaygues Philippe , Machhout Mohsen
Published: October 2022

Noise reduction in medical image analysis is still an interesting hot topic, especially in the field of ultrasonic images. Actually, a big concern has been given to automatically reducing noise in human-bone ultrasonic computed tomography (USCT) images. In this chapter, a new hardware prototype, called USCT, is used but images given by this device are noisy and difficult to interpret. Our approach aims to reinforce the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) in these images to perform an automatic segmentation for bone structures and pathology detection. First, we propose to improve USCT image quality by implementing the discrete wavelet transform algorithm. Second, we focus on a hybrid algorithm combining the k-means with the Otsu method, hence improving the PSNR. Our assessment of the performance shows that the algorithmic approach is comparable with recent methods. It outperforms most of them with its ability to enhance the PSNR to detect edges and pathologies in the USCT images. Our proposed algorithm can be generalized to any medical image to carry out automatic image diagnosis due to noise reduction, and then we have to overcome classical medical image analysis by achieving a short-time process.
Bioinformatics Tools and Genomic Resources Available in Understanding the Structure and Function of Gossypium
Authors: Baloji Gugulothu , Lingfa Lali , Banoth Shivaji
Published: October 2022

Gossypium spp. (Cotton) is the world’s most valuable natural fiber crop. Gossypium species’ variety makes them a good model for studying polyploid evolution and domestication. The past decade has seen a dramatic shift in the field of functional genomics from a theoretical idea to a well-established scientific discipline. Cotton functional genomics has the potential to expand our understanding of fundamental plant biology, allowing us to more effectively use genetic resources to enhance cotton fiber quality and yield, among with using genetic data to enhance germplasm. This chapter provides complete review of the latest techniques and resources for developing elite cotton genotypes and determining structure that have become accessible for developments in cotton functional genomics. Bioinformatics resources, including databases, software solutions and analytical tools, must be functionally understood in order to do this. Aside from GenBank and cotton specific databases like CottonGen, a wide range of tools for accessing and analyzing genetic and genomic information are also addressed. This chapter has addressed many forms of genetic and genomic data now accessible to the cotton community; fundamental bioinformatics sources related to cotton species; and with these techniques cotton researchers and scientists may use information to better understand cotton’s functions and structures.
Digital Maturity of University Libraries in Nigeria
Authors: A. Adeleke Akinniyi , Ojokuku Yemisi , Onaade Ojo Joshua
Published: October 2022

This chapter reports the findings of a survey of the level of digital maturity of university libraries in Nigeria. Forty-eight university libraries responded to an online survey based on the framework for digital mature schools (FDMS). The findings reveal that the libraries are e-enabled but yet to attain digital maturity. The paper also shows that the dimensions of ICT planning, management and leadership, and ICT infrastructural development statistically predict the digital maturity status of university libraries.
lncRNAs: Role in Regulation of Gene Expression
Authors: Kumar Pranjal , Bhandari Nikita
Published: October 2022

The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a subclass of ncRNA which is more than 200 nucleotides long and processed similar to mRNA by RNA polymerase II with very few differences between them. In the last two decades, it has become a hot topic of research as it has been found differentially expressed in disease versus normal conditions including cancers. They regulate many biological functions including regulation of gene expression and epigenetic control. lncRNAs can control gene expression at the transcriptional level, and post-transcriptional level. Also, they can play a structural role to function as scaffolds for protein complexes. They interact with DNA, RNA, and proteins. They have been shown to possess competitive binding sites for miRNAs, which makes them a master regulator of gene expression by masking miRNAs and altering many biological functions. They are found to be associated with many cellular functions including cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The lncRNAs can be utilized as biomarkers and can be targeted for personalized therapy.
Bragg Grating Tuning Techniques for Interferometry Applications
Authors: Dionísio Rogério
Published: October 2022

Fiber Bragg grating is widely used in optical fiber applications as a filter or a sensor due to its compact size and high sensitivity to physical conditions, such as temperature and strain. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the implementation and characterization of two tuning methods for optical fiber Bragg gratings, varying the temperature or the length of the fiber. Among the methods using mechanical deformation, compression of the fiber by bending a flexible sheet aggregated with the Bragg grating has shown very interesting tuning results, reaching 19.0 nm with minimum reflection bandwidth variation over the entire tuning range. Stretching the fiber has presented several drawbacks, including breaking of the fiber and a lower tuning range of 4.9 nm. Temperature tuning technique presents good linearity between tuning range and temperature variation but at the cost of a low tuning range (0.4 nm) and a permanent high current electrical source.
Ghost Diffraction Holography: A Correlation Assisted Quantitative Tool for Complex Field Imaging and Characterization
Authors: Raveendran Pillai Vasantha Kumari Vinu , Chen Ziyang , Kumar Singh Rakesh , Pu Jixiong
Published: October 2022

The fascinating domain of ghost imaging has been a subject of interest in the fundamental and applied research for the last two decades with its promising applications in various imaging and characterization scenarios. In this chapter, we discuss the recently developed ghost diffraction holography (GDH) system with due emphasis on the capability of quantitative complex-field imaging in the ghost framework. The development of the unconventional correlation-assisted GDH technique by adopting the holography concept in ghost diffraction scheme is described, and the quantitative phase imaging capability is demonstrated in the microscopy. In addition, the technique exploits the spatial statistics of time-frozen recorded speckle intensity with snapshot detection in ghost framework, which could broaden the applications of the developed microscopy to real-time imaging of two- and three-dimensional biological samples with high resolution. Furthermore, we discuss demonstrated applications of the technique in the imaging various spatially varying complex-valued macroscopic and microscopic samples and the potential application of the technique in the recovery and characterization of orbital angular momentum modes encoded in spatially incoherent speckle field.
Altruistic Kidney Donation: Overview and Ethical Considerations
Authors: Busari Kudirat , Garba Abigail
Published: October 2022

End-stage kidney disease is a global pandemic which exerts significant morbidity, mortality as well as economic burden on affected patients. Kidney transplantation, either from cadaveric or living donors, offers the best therapeutic choice to improve survival and quality of life. However, due to the increasing prevalence of end-stage kidney disease, there is a great mismatch between the demand and supply of donor organs. Efforts to mitigate this dire shortage include altruistic organ donations. Altruistic donation refers to organ donation by an individual who is neither genetically nor emotionally related to the potential recipient. This concept at its inception received a lot of resistance from the transplant community and continues to raise ethical concerns. This chapter reviews altruistic organ donation, ethical considerations and its potential benefits.
Going Green in Ophthalmic Practice
Authors: Venkatesh Ramesh Prasanna , Vaishali Ramesh Shruthy , Ray Prajnya , Kunnath Devadas Aji , Surendran Akshay , Joshua Tensingh , Kumari Ramesh Meena , Rajasekaran Ramesh
Published: October 2022

The healthcare sector has had a relatively late implementation of environmental thinking in its setup. “Green electronic technologies and go green healthcare system” has recently evolved to address the biodegradability and biocompatibility issues faced by inorganic electronics and non-biodegradable materials. Green healthcare has the capability to promote global health both directly and indirectly. With the rise in environmental degradation, utilizing innovative ‘Go Green’ strategies in ophthalmology is of utmost importance. It has been structured to imbibe environmentalism into healthcare. In this chapter, we have emphasized a few simple patient point of care (POC) innovations in the field of ophthalmology that could transform the future of disease management toward a much more sustainable model by reducing resource and energy consumption. We have discussed how we innovated the novel coronicle (corona + cubicle) during the COVID-19 era, which housed all the essential ophthalmic gadgets and was interconnected using the local area network (LAN) for data access in patient care. Turning to patient counseling, we have highlighted how our innovative and cost-effective 3D augmented reality, and 4D holographic diagnostics and counseling platforms are effective in replacing the conventional paper-based system.
Biosensor for the Detection of Cyanobacterial Toxin Microcystin-LR
Authors: Rohtla Rasmus , Kivirand Kairi , Jõgi Eerik , Rinken Toonika
Published: October 2022

Cyanobacteria are found everywhere in the environment, and their growth accelerates significantly with rising amounts of sunlight and temperatures. The proliferation of cyanobacteria begins when the average temperatures rise above 15°C. The proliferation can lead to high amounts of secondary metabolites, such as cyanotoxins, in surrounding waters. The most common cyanotoxin is microcystin-LR (MC-LR). MC-LR can cause rashes, abdominal cramps, and liver damage in humans and animals, so continuous monitoring of its content in water is of great importance. MC-LR is commonly detected with high-performance liquid chromatography, but phosphatase inhibition-based bioassays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent tests are also available. However, these are all lab-based methods and require sample transport and preparation for analytical procedures, not allowing for obtaining quick results. Therefore, there is a need for a rapid and field-based analysis method, and one promising option is to use biosensors. The present study aimed to design and construct an aptamer/antibody-based biosensor to detect MC-LR and test its applicability to detect MC-LR in cyanobacteria culture (Microcystis aeruginosa).
Victimized Female Sex Worker Representation in the UK News Media
Authors: Mindedal Alina , Pettersson Åsa , Grut Gustav , Silva Teresa
Published: October 2022

Sex workers face a high level of violence as well as discrimination and stigma in regard to their profession. This chapter examines how British news media portray female sex workers when they are victims of violent and sexual crimes. The authors used discourse analysis to better understand how the victim’s status is perceived, created, or changed through the reporting of media. Four news organizations were chosen for data collection: Independent, The Guardian, Daily Mail and The Sun. Using an inductive approach, six discourses were found Victim blaming, Labelling, Media sensationalism, Vulnerability, Legitimisation, and Any woman. Nils Christie’s Ideal victim theory provided a framework to discuss the results. While Victim blaming, Labelling and Media sensationalism question the victim’s motive to be in the place of the crime, the activity the victim engaged in, and their responsibility in regard to the victimisation they suffered, Vulnerability and Legitimisation portray the victim as weak, according to the theory. Implications for victims and society are discussed.
Robust Distributed Power Control with Resource Allocation in D2D Communication Network for 5G-IoT Communication System
Authors:   Wireless Sensor Networks Lab, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 800005, India, Pandey K. , Arya R.
Published: October 2022

In the domain of communication technologies, the Device-to-Device (D2D) communication becomes a predominant technology for the implementation of 5G communication system and Internet of Things (IoT) applications. In D2D communication Network, resource allocation and power management are the key areas of interest with ensuring the Quality of Services (QoS). Firstly, we propose the power control problem which is a non-convex problem. By using the log transformation approach, the non-convex problem converts into the convex optimization problem. Robust distributed power control method is further utilized for the power optimization at both ends (base station and D2D user) for underlay Inband D2D communication, where the cellular user and D2D user both use the cellular spectrum. After the power control, resource allocation is done to maximize the energy efficiency by 66.67% for the D2D system. Our proposed work provides new insight to power control techniques in D2D communication. Numerical analysis of the proposed algorithm reflects the impact of robust distributed power control for maintaining the quality of services and enhancing the energy efficiency of the system.
Augustine’s Liturgical Spirituality
Authors: Trares James-Peter ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2022

The majority of contemporary presentations of Augustine’s spirituality focus on the interior, personal dimensions of prayer and contemplation. This article argues that Augustine also has a rich but underappreciated liturgical spirituality, wherein regular participation in the liturgy, with its external and ecclesial elements, is important for Christian spiritual formation and expression. Examining a variety of texts from the Augustinian corpus, this article outlines major themes in Augustine’s liturgical spirituality and encourages further scholarly engagement with this theme.
Factors associated with complications from COVID-19 in hospital workers: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pacheco Campos Liliana , Dávila Aliaga Carmen , Espinola Sánchez Marcos
Published: October 2022

Introduction SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare professionals represents a threat to the healthcare system. Objectives To identify factors associated with complications from COVID-19 in healthcare workers infected by SARS-CoV-2, in a specialized national hospital level III in Peru in 2020. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study. Health personnel who were working at Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal of Peru participated. The clinical and epidemiological characteristics and results of the Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test were collected from the medical records and epidemiological files. Simple and multiple regression models were used to estimate the risk factors of complications due to COVID-19. Results We found 1048 suspected cases, and 26.2% had a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of those infected, 20.8% had comorbidity, and 55% reported contact with COVID-19 patients in health care settings. Moreover, 27.4% of infected workers were administrative personnel, 24.1% were nursing technicians, 18.3% were nurses, and 13.1% were physicians. We also found that 24.1% presented complications from COVID-19, and three workers died. In a multiple regression, the risk factors for complications due to COVID-19 were the presence of comorbidity (risk ratio: 2.94; 95% confidence interval: 1.95 to 4.42), 30 years or older (1.28; 0.6 to 2.75), 60 years or older (2.04; 0.88 to 4.74), male sex (1.1; 0.71 to 1.7) and care work area (1.02; 0.06 to 2.62). Conclusions The findings in the present study show an association between the presence of comorbidities and an increased risk of presenting complications due to COVID-19 in healthcare workers, regardless of age, sex and area of work.
The Effects of Different Strength of MS Media on In Vitro Propagation and Rooting of Spathiphyllum
Authors: DÖNMEZ Dicle , HAKAN EROL Mansur , BİÇEN Belgin , ŞİMŞEK Özhan , AKA KAÇAR Yıldız
Published: October 2022

The Spathiphyllum, is an indoor ornamental plant belonging to the Araceae family. Spathiphyllum genus, which has 36 species in nature, is a very strong growing and easy to care for an indoor plant. Vegetative propagation of spathiphyllum is known to be difficult. For this reason, current production does not meet the demand sufficiently. Today, plant tissue culture methods are used in addition to classical production methods to meet the increasing demand for spathiphyllum. In the present study, we aimed to detect the effects of different strengths (full, ½, and ¼) of MS media on micropropagation and rooting of spathiphyllum. Shoot tips of spathiphyllum ‘chico’ variety were cultured in different strengths of MS media containing 1 mg L-1 BAP for micropropagation. Plantlets obtained from micropropagation were transferred to different strengths of MS media containing 1 mg L-1 IBA for rooting. Plantlets in magenta boxes were removed and replaced in a controlled greenhouse. The best strength of medium was detected as the full MS in all parameters in vitro propagation. The rooting rate was determined 100% for each medium. However, there are significant differences among the media in view of the number of roots, length of roots.
Fertirrigación centralizada y citricultura ecológica. Conflicto agrosocial y estrategias de compatibilización en la Comunidad Valenciana / / / \ \ \ Centralized fertigation and citrus organic farming. Agrosocial conflict and harmonization strategies in Valencia Region
Authors: Sanchis-Ibor Carles , Poblador Noemí
Published: October 2022

Resumen: Durante las últimas tres décadas, las comunidades de regantes de la zona citrícola valenciana optaron masivamente por la adopción de sistemas de riego por goteo que incorporabansistemas de fertirrigación centralizada. Esta opción ha supuesto una barrera para el crecimiento de la agricultura ecológica, ante la imposibilidad de emplear el fertilizante genérico introducido por las entidades de riego. El presente trabajo, desarrollado a partir de entrevistas semi-estructuradas y un taller grupal,  describe y analiza la evolución del conflicto generado entre las comunidades de regantes que apostaron por la fertirrigación centralizada y los agricultores que se dedican a la agricultura ecológica o cultivos no cítricos; analiza las soluciones desarrolladas sobre el terreno y las propuestas de la administración; y estudia la respuesta institucional de los usuarios y gestores que han intervenido en esta cuestión. Las conclusiones ponen de relieve un problema de invisibilización de los pequeños productores de agricultura ecológica; destacan la capacidad de concertación de las instituciones de gestión colectiva del riego; e identifican un vacío legal en determinados aspectos de la regulación de la fertilización del agua de riego.
 
Palabras clave: modernización de regadíos, agricultura ecológica, fertilización, riego por goteo, comunidades de regantes.
 
Abstract: During the last three decades, the irrigation communities of the Valencian citrus area massively opted for the adoption of drip irrigation systems that incorporated centralized fertigation systems. This option has been a barrier to the growth of organic farming, given the impossibility of using the generic fertilizer introduced by the irrigation communities. This research, developed from semi-structured interviews and a focus group workshop, describes and analyses the evolution of the conflict between the irrigation communities that opted for centralized fertigation and the farmers that are dedicated to organic farming or non-citrus crops. We analyse the solutions developed on 5 irrigation communities in this region; the proposals made by the regional administration; and the institutional response of users and managers who have intervened in this conflict. The conclusions highlight a problem of invisibility of small producers of organic farming; highlight the concertation capacity of the collective irrigation management institutions; and identify a legal loophole in certain aspects of the regulation of the fertilization of irrigation water.
 
Key words: Irrigation modernization, organic farming, drip irrigation, fertilization, irrigation communities.
Elementos claves del Desarrollo Regional. Una mirada desde México
Authors: Miquel Hernández Montserrat , Monroy Aguilar Sergio
Published: October 2022

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es relacionar la cultura, el capital social y la gobernanza como elementos determinantes del desarrollo regional. Los procesos político-sociales de gobernanza y de capital social son un reflejo del estilo de vida de cada sociedad, de su configuración de ideas, actitudes, costumbres, normas, instituciones, procesos y otras formas de conducta. La gobernanza se realiza en la consecución del capital social; el capital social y la gobernanza son elementos centrales del desarrollo regional. La metodología documental partiendo de una revisión bibliográfica exploratoria para determinar los elementos del desarrollo regional, se revisan textos sobre estos elementos que permitan su relación y demuestren la pertinencia para el desarrollo regional. Concluyendo que la unión de las condiciones políticas, económicas y sociales, se sustentan en elementos técnicos y culturales, negar la influencia de uno de ellos es minimizar al desarrollo regional.
 
Palabras clave: Gobernanza, Territorio, Cultura, Capital Social.
 
Abstract: The objective of this work is to relate culture, social capital and governance as determining elements of regional development. The socio-political processes, governance and social capital are a lifestyle reflection for each society, it´s configuration of beliefs, attitudes, customs, norms, institutions, processes, and other conduct forms. Governance is carried out in achievement of social capital; social capital and governance are central elements for regional development. The documentary methodology based on exploratory bibliographical review to determine the elements of regional development, texts are reviewed on these elements that allow their relationship and demonstrate the relevance for regional development. Concluding that union of political, economic, and social conditions are based on technical and cultural elements, to deny the influence of one of them is to minimize regional development.
 
Key words: Governance, Territory, Culture, Social Capital.
Los procesos comunitarios interculturales en los barrios de la Coma y Santa Rita de Paterna. De la coexistencia a la convivencia
Authors: Jiménez Rabadán María José , Barros Quivén Álvaro
Published: October 2022

Resumen: El Proyecto de Intervención Comunitaria Intercultural desarrollado en diferentes barrios vulnerables de la geografía española es una iniciativa financiada por la Obra Social “La Caixa” en colaboración con entidades del tercer sector de acción social tiene por objeto promover la convivencia intercultural, la integración, la inclusión y la cohesión social en un contexto territorial de emergente diversidad cultural. En este sentido, se presenta la experiencia de los procesos comunitarios interculturales desarrollados en el periodo 2010-2020 en dos barrios vulnerables de Paterna: en el barrio de La Coma y Santa Rita. Para llevar a cabo dichos procesos de desarrollo comunitario se contó con la participación de los tres agentes implicados en el territorio: ciudadanía, recursos técnicos y representantes políticos al objeto de constituir un espacio de interrelación entre los mismos y fomentar la transformación del territorio desde el papel protagónico de los agentes de la comunidad. Los resultados derivados de este proyecto en ambos barrios, han desarrollado la vertebración de espacios de colaboración, cooperación y coordinación de carácter técnico, interadministrativo, interdepartamental y la mejora convivencial de las diferentes culturas existentes en el municipio paternense, destacando una amplia participación ciudadana y una mayor implicación técnica entre los diferentes ámbitos y líneas de actuación.
 
Palabras clave: desarrollo local, convivencia, barrios vulnerables, agentes, participación.
Procesos de enseñanza de los derechos humanos y seguridad pública. Proyecto de aprendizaje y buenas prácticas en territorios rurales de Quintana Roo (México)
Authors: Uribe Cortez Jaime , Cercas López Enrique , Pasillas López Omar
Published: October 2022

Resumen: En este documento se comparte un proyecto sobre las formas en cómo se enseñan algunas temáticas importantes de las ciencias sociales como son aquellas vinculadas con las ideas de derechos humanos y seguridad pública para constituir una estructura con la finalidad de establecer una pesquisa de aprendizaje y buenas prácticas en territorios rurales de Quintana Roo. El objeto de estudio se refiere a las maneras en que los profesionales de la educación básica a nivel primaria en la comunidad de Caobas, en Quintana Roo, establecen sus mecanismos de enseñanza para transmitir a los jóvenes estudiantes los conceptos más fundamentales a fin de dar cuenta aquellas diferencias entre las nociones convencionales y las emitidas desde las comunidades. La problemática se refiere a que los espacios comunitarios tienen sus propios conceptos y acepciones, los cuales son de gran importancia en sus cosmovisión teórica sobre diversos fenómenos sociales. Todo lector encontrará los aspectos más relevantes de este proyecto que buscará ser financiado en el año 2023 como parte de las convocatorias de la Secretaría de Educación Pública de México y el programa denominado Apoyo a la Incorporación de Profesores de Tiempo Completo.

Palabras clave: Comunidades, Desarrollo, Población, Estructura, Ciencias Sociales.
Estrategias de innovación social en el desarrollo de las áreas rurales. Estudio de casos en cooperativas agrarias de Formentera (Islas Baleares) y el Solsonés (Cataluña) / / / \ \ \ Social innovation strategies for the development of rural areas. Case studies in agricultural cooperatives of Formentera (Balearic Islands) and Solsonés (Catalonia)
Authors: Vercher Savall Néstor , Herráiz Lizán Cristina
Published: October 2022

Resumen: Las áreas rurales constituyen uno de los sujetos más destacados de las políticas de desarrollo con enfoque territorial. Durante los últimos años, la innovación social se ha introducido de forma explícita en este enfoque y también en las agendas públicas ruralistas. A través de la innovación social se reconoce la importancia de promover nuevas relaciones sociales y su contribución en los procesos de desarrollo rural. Este artículo tiene como objetivo identificar procesos de innovación social en áreas rurales y detectar los elementos más destacados que explican la contribución de la innovación social al desarrollo territorial sostenible de las áreas rurales. Para ello se emplea una metodología mixta y se seleccionan dos casos de estudio vinculados a cooperativas agrarias localizadas en Cataluña e Islas Baleares. Los resultados señalan el contexto de la innovación, sus orígenes y los principales elementos socialmente innovadores que contribuyen al desarrollo local de las respectivas áreas rurales. La configuración de redes heterogéneas y nuevas formas de acción colectiva en torno a entidades de la Economía Social son algunos de los elementos de innovación social más destacados en este trabajo.
 
Palabras clave: desarrollo rural; gobernanza; capital social; relaciones sociales; Economía Social; LEADER; políticas públicas.
 
Abstract: Rural areas are one of the most prominent subjects of development policies with a territorial approach. In recent years, social innovation has been explicitly introduced in this approach and also in ruralist public agendas. Through social innovation, the importance of promoting new social relations and their contribution to rural development processes is recognised. This article aims to identify social innovation processes in rural areas and to detect the most strategic elements that explain its to the sustainable territorial development of rural areas. To this end, a mixed methodology is used and two case studies linked to agricultural cooperatives located in Catalonia and the Balearic Islands are selected. The results point out the context of innovation, its origins, and the main socially innovative elements that contribute to the local development of the respective rural areas. The configuration of heterogeneous networks and new forms of collective action concerning Social Economy entities are some of the most outstanding elements of social innovation illustrated by this work.
 
Key words: rural development; governance; social capital; social relations; Social Economy; LEADER; public policies.
Ready for Nuclear Energy?: A Policy Review of the Philippines’ Nuclear Energy Plan and Participation in the ASEAN Network of Regulatory Bodies on Atomic Energy
Authors: Trajano Julius Cesar
Published: October 2022

Recently, the Philippines has been demonstrating its interest in using nuclear energy, including addressing issues and gaps in its nuclear energy preparations, several of which fall under nuclear security, nuclear emergency preparedness and response, and regulatory capacity. This article argues that the ASEAN member states’ growing regional cooperation in nuclear safety and security, spearheaded by the ASEAN Network of Regulatory Bodies on Atomic Energy (ASEANTOM), can have a strong positive impact on the Philippines’ nuclear energy preparations. ASEANTOM’s regional activities and projects can help the Philippines address some of the current critical gaps and issues in its nuclear energy preparatory plans. But there are still limitations to how much regional cooperation can impact the Philippines’ nuclear power preparations. This article is not only just about the Philippines and its plan to use nuclear energy, but also about ASEAN cooperation in nuclear safety, security, and emergency preparedness and response.
Dinámicas de la investigación en las universidades europeas: cambios, tensiones y posibilidades
Authors: Eizagirre Andoni , García Fronti Javier Ignacio
Published: October 2022

El artículo se interesa por las nuevas dinámicas y reglas que operan en la actividad investigadora de las universidades. El marco de análisis sostiene que los propósitos que concurren en la investigación académica se deben dilucidar a la luz de las políticas europeas de investigación e innovación. Para elucidar la naturaleza y alcance de las políticas de investigación académica, se descomponen los principales documentos europeos sobre políticas de investigación e innovación y universidad. La diversificación de objetivos que manifiestan, y las tensiones en relación con el sentido y la finalidad de la investigación y la innovación; se traduce en la creciente disputa sobre la articulación de la investigación académica con las demandas sociales y económicas.
Poder social: dimensões analíticas
Authors: Pires Rui Pena
Published: October 2022

Neste texto propõe-se uma reconstrução multidimensional do conceito de poder social a que se associa uma tipologia das formas sociais de exercício da dominação e da resistência. No primeiro caso, sugere-se a distinção entre poder interativo, episódico ou dissuasor, e poder estrutural, enquanto autoridade ou capacidade. No segundo caso, é proposta uma adaptação e revisão teórica da tipologia das formas sociais do poder de John Scott, distinguindo-se entre dominação por restrição ou persuasão e entre resistência por oposição ou pressão.
Label-free imaging of M1 and M2 macrophage phenotypes in the human dermis in vivo using two-photon excited FLIM
Authors: Kröger Marius , Scheffel Jörg , Shirshin Evgeny A , Schleusener Johannes , Meinke Martina C , Lademann Jürgen , Maurer Marcus , Darvin Maxim E
Published: October 2022

Macrophages (ΜΦs) are important immune effector cells that promote (M1 ΜΦs) or inhibit (M2 ΜΦs) inflammation and are involved in numerous physiological and pathogenic immune responses. Their precise role and relevance, however, are not fully understood for lack of noninvasive quantification methods. Here, we show that two-photon excited fluorescence lifetime imaging (TPE-FLIM), a label-free noninvasive method, can visualize ΜΦs in the human dermis in vivo. We demonstrate in vitro that human dermal ΜΦs exhibit specific TPE-FLIM properties that distinguish them from the main components of the extracellular matrix and other dermal cells. We visualized ΜΦs, their phenotypes and phagocytosis in the skin of healthy individuals in vivo using TPE-FLIM. Additionally, machine learning identified M1 and M2 MФs with a sensitivity of 0.88±0.04 and 0.82±0.03 and a specificity of 0.89±0.03 and 0.90±0.03, respectively. In clinical research, TPE-FLIM can advance the understanding of the role of MФs in health and disease.
Ferric reductase-related proteins mediate fungal heme acquisition
Authors: Roy Udita , Yaish Shir , Weissman Ziva , Pinsky Mariel , Dey Sunanda , Horev Guy , Kornitzer Daniel
Published: October 2022

Heme can serve as iron source in many environments, including the iron-poor animal host environment. The fungal pathobiont Candida albicans expresses a family of extracellular CFEM hemophores that capture heme from host proteins and transfer it across the cell wall to the cell membrane, to be endocytosed and utilized as heme or iron source. Here, we identified Frp1 and Frp2, two ferric reductase (FRE)-related proteins that lack an extracellular N-terminal substrate-binding domain, as being required for hemoglobin heme utilization and for sensitivity to toxic heme analogs. Frp1 and Frp2 redistribute to the plasma membrane in the presence of hemin, consistent with a direct role in heme trafficking. Expression of Frp1 with the CFEM hemophore Pga7 can promote heme utilization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as well, confirming the functional interaction between these proteins. Sequence and structure comparison reveals that the CFEM hemophores are related to the FRE substrate-binding domain that is missing in Frp1/2. We conclude that Frp1/2 and the CFEM hemophores form a functional complex that evolved from FREs to enable extracellular heme uptake.
Design Theory of Equal Split Dual- Band Power Divider without Reactive Elements
Authors: S Natarajamani , Nair Rekha G.
Published: October 2022

In this paper, a design approach for getting dual-band working in a Wilkinson-based power divider (WPD) without adding any reactive elements or open- or short-circuited stubs is presented. The transfer matrix approach is used to get the analytical solutions of the required design equations. Admittance representation with respect to the input and output ports is done to perform even-odd mode analysis. In this impedance of each section is kept constant but the electrical length varies. Different combinations of electrical lengths are taken such that the overall length remains constant. The electrical lengths are selected based on dual-band analysis and depend on the tuning ratio. The conditions for attaining the impedance matching are applied to the obtained design equations and hence found out the values of the matching resistors to be placed between the transmission line sections. The proposed power divider centered at 2.5GHz and 7GHz is theoretically calculated simulated and fabricated. Finally, design procedures and experiments show good agreement with theoretical simulation.
Time-dependent effect of intense capsule-coffee and bleaching on the color of resin-infiltrated enamel white spot lesions: anin vitrostudy
Authors: Yeslam Hanin E. , AlZahrani Saeed J.
Published: October 2022

Background and Objectives

White spot lesions (WSLs) are a common problem that can be conservatively managed by resin infiltration. Consumption of dark beverages such as coffee causes staining of dental hard tissues, which can deteriorate the esthetic qualities of treated WSLs. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of dark coffee heavy consumption on ICON®resin infiltrated WSLs and the influence of bleaching on them after staining.

Methods

Twenty surfaces from sound human extracted third molars were used in the study. Two square-shaped buccal and lingual window areas had artificially created WSLs (received buccal resin infiltration afterward). Using VITA Easyshade, the baseline ΔEwas recorded. Espresso coffee was used to immerse all surfaces for 8 days. The color coordinates according to CIE LAB were recorded for all surfaces at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days of immersion, and ΔEwas calculated at each timepoint. After 8 days, in-office bleaching was applied to all surfaces according to the manufacturer’s instructions and the color. Coordinates and ΔEwere recorded. For statistical analysis, an independent samplet-test was used to compare each group. A general linear mixed model (GLMM) repeated measure ANOVA was applied for statistical analysis of L*and changes due to staining over time.

Results

Analysis of time as a main effect on the L values of surfaces was statistically highly significant (p< 0.01). The interaction of time with surfaces under investigation and type of surface (test vs. control) as a main effect were non-significant (p= 0.47 andp= 0.35, respectively). Bleaching showed a significant difference in color lightness in both test and control surfaces compared to the meanLvalue at 8 days of staining (p< 0.01).

Conclusion

Capsule-coffee consumption gradually influences the esthetic of resin infiltration on treated teeth. However, bleaching materials might restore an esthetic shade.
Mujeres pobladoras en la reemergencia y consolidación de las tomas de terreno de Viña del Mar, Chile
Authors: Zenteno Elizabeth , Sepúlveda Kimberly , Johnson Katherine , Díaz José-Ignacio
Published: October 2022

A partir de una revisión histórica de la construcción del hábitat en las tomas de terreno en Chile y su implicancia en los procesos de urbanización de la ciudad actual, el presente artículo discute el rol de la mujer en el agenciamiento de dichos espacios, tomando como caso de estudio asentamientos informales de la ciudad de Viña del Mar. En este sentido, y mediante la aplicación de diversas técnicas cualitativas de recolección de datos, se evidenció que la participación femenina ha logrado trascender la lógica capitalista-patriarcal. Al respecto, se identificaron algunas prácticas de especial relevancia para la configuración y desarrollo de tomas de terreno, articuladas en tres dimensiones o momentos clave: 1) la autoconstrucción del hábitat; 2) las estrategias de liderazgo y accionar político; y 3) las prácticas de cuidado comunitario.
Análisis de la percepción de inseguridad con enfoque de género en la elección del transporte público. Estudio de caso Tunja, Colombia
Authors: León Adriana , Díaz Sonia , Márquez Luis
Published: October 2022

En ciudades latinoamericanas de tamaño intermedio, uno de los modos más utilizados para los desplazamientos urbanos es el transporte público; sin embargo, la percepción de inseguridad ante ciertas situaciones ha ocasionado en los usuarios una barrera que condiciona su uso, especialmente para las mujeres. El propósito de esta investigación es establecer cómo la percepción de inseguridad incide en el uso del transporte público a partir de la identificación de situaciones que, desde cada género, son percibidas como inseguras, tomando como caso de estudio a Tunja, Colombia. Se aplicó una Encuesta de Percepción de Inseguridad y se realizó un análisis estadístico que permitió identificar que, a diferencia de los hombres, las mujeres cambian su comportamiento de viaje ante situaciones percibidas como inseguras. Así, la planificación del sistema de transporte debería incluir la percepción de inseguridad y el género al diseñar una política pública cuyo propósito sea satisfacer las necesidades de movilidad.
El higienismo y sus prácticas en el México decimonónico. La gestión de la ciudad de Tepic ante las epidemias
Authors: Ramos-Delgado Raymundo , Flores-Rodríguez Carlos-Enrique
Published: October 2022

Las diversas epidemias que diezmaron la población del México independiente durante el siglo XIX redefinieron la gestión de sus ciudades. Con base en el discurso del higienismo occidental y en la ciencia médica de la Ilustración, la sociedad mexicana implementó una serie de acciones resueltas en obras de infraestructura, edificaciones y servicios públicos, en una legislación urbana para su establecimiento, así como en nuevas prácticas cotidianas de higiene, aseo y salud para el cuidado del cuerpo. Tomando como objeto la ciudad decimonónica de Tepic, desde una postura hermenéutica y utilizando el método histórico, en este artículo se pretende advertir las acciones que acompañaron una gestión que tuvo como finalidad mermar el impacto de las enfermedades infecciosas de la época.
Agricultura urbana en barbecho. Concepciones en la planificación urbana chilena
Authors: Zazo-Moratalla Ana , Orellana-McBride Alejandro , Cerda-Inostroza Claudia
Published: October 2022

La protección de la agricultura productiva intra y extraurbana es uno de los principales retos de la planificación territorial en la actualidad. Este artículo se pregunta cómo la planificación urbana chilena, que se enfoca dentro del límite urbano, ha concebido la agricultura productiva a lo largo del tiempo. Para alcanzar este objetivo se recurre al análisis descriptivo e interpretativo de la evolución de los instrumentos de planificación territorial de cinco casos chilenos en los que la agricultura urbana ha sido protegida, identificando los métodos empleados e interpretando las razones argumentadas. Los resultados revelan que, si bien la agricultura fue concebida especialmente a nivel local como un uso urbano, los cambios de la legislación chilena han conducido a concebir esta actividad como transitoria y en barbecho para su transformación en otros usos urbanos más rentables de forma irremediable.
Construir cualquier cosa en cualquier lugar: los Proyectos de Singular Interés en la región de Castilla-La Mancha (España)
Authors:   Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (España), Escudero-Gómez Luis Alfonso
Published: October 2022

Con la urbanización neoliberal se han desarrollado diversas coaliciones de crecimiento regional. Sucedió con intensidad en España durante la burbuja inmobiliaria (1998-2008). En regiones como Castilla-La Mancha se crearon instrumentos como los Proyectos de Singular Interés (PSI), que permiten construir cualquier cosa bajo los indeterminados conceptos jurídicos de utilidad pública e interés social. Se trata de un caso paradigmático y su análisis, diacrónico y sincrónico, es el objetivo de este trabajo. La información procede de la observación, realizada en 2021; la recopilación bibliográfica, la consulta de documentación y el trabajo de hemeroteca. Los PSI han facilitado la urbanización mediante la recalificación del uso del suelo, minusvalorando los ecosistemas previos y permitiendo la construcción en áreas protegidas. La justificación ha sido el desarrollo y la creación de empleo, aunque, finalmente, muchos fracasaron. Sin embargo, tras la crisis de 2008, el instrumento se recupera, ahora directamente vinculado a la inversión en la región de empresas transnacionales.