bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Modern Crisis Management Strategies on Crisis Management Planning
Authors:   Ph.D. Candidate, Faculty of Business Administration – Idlib University, Syria, Saflow Amany , Aldarwish Dr. Mostafa ,   Assistant Professor, Faculty of Administrative Sciences, Idlib University, Syria, Khadija Dr. Hussam ,   Assistant Professor, Faculty of Administrative Sciences, Idlib University, Syria
Published: March 2023

The research aims to identify modern strategies for crisis management, and their impact on planning for crisis management, where the research was applied to employees in the directorates of the university presidency and its offices, totaling (75) employees. The researcher used the descriptive approach, and a questionnaire consisting of (28) items was prepared. It included two approaches (modern strategies for crisis management, and crisis management planning). A questionnaire was distributed electronically to a research sample of (60) employees, which was determined from the Krejci and Morgan table. The researcher found that there is a statistically significant effect of modern strategies for crisis management on management planning the crisis, at the level of significance of 5%, and the most modern used strategies were the strategy of Crisis Fragmentation, followed by Changing Path strategy, then the strategy of Containing the Crisis, then the strategy of Crisis Exhausting, followed by the strategy of the Work Teams, then the strategy of the Mobilization Reserve in the last phase. The research concluded there are no statistically significant differences in modern strategies for crisis management according to the variable (gender, educational qualification, respondent’s character, age), at the level of significance of 5%, and the researcher recommended the need to form task forces to manage crises in colleges with expertise, provide the necessary material and human support.
EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNICATION BOARD AMONG MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PATIENTS IN TERMS OF SATISFACTION IN THE ICUS
Authors: Bhardwaj Kiran , George Mini
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Now a days, uses of Positive pressure Mechanical ventilator has been exponentially increased in ICUs around the world.
Mechanical Ventilation is one of the common intervention seen in the ICUs. Communicating with Mechanically Ventilated Patient is challenging
for doctors, nursing staff, technicians and patients' families. A Communication Board can serve as a bridge between patients and health care team
and help them to give holistic care to intubated patients. The overall aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Communication Board in
terms of Satisfaction among Mechanically Ventilated Patients in ICUs.Method:This study adopted Quantitative Research Approach with post test
only design and conducted in three ICUs of selected hospital. 50 patients who fullled the criteria were randomly allocated into the Experiment and
Comparison group. The Communication Board was used on Experiment group of Mechanically Ventilated Patients during their Weaning Period.
Results: The results shows the statistical signicance difference in Experiment and Comparison group of Mechanically Ventilated Patients in
terms of Satisfaction after use of Communication Board (t= 16.151, p<0.001). The association between Satisfaction with Socio-Demographic and
Clinical Characteristics of Mechanically Ventilated Patients were not statistically signicant. Conclusion: Communication Board is found to be
effective in enhancing the Satisfaction among Mechanically Ventilated Patient.
HYPONATREMIAAS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER OF CLINICAL SEVERITY IN COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN HOSPITALISED PATIENTS
Authors: Harsha Priya Yakkanti , Shiva Chandra Sekhar B. , Kumar Vijay
Published: March 2023

Background: Hyponatremia is dened as serum Sodium level < 135 mEq/L..The incidence of hyponatremia at hospital admission among CAP
patients is found to be 28% .Despite being the cause of signicant morbidity and mortality, pneumonia is often misdiagnosed, wrongly treated, and
underestimated. Hence this study is an effort to explore how hyponatremia is associated with severity and outcomes , in hospitalized patients with
pneumonia. Materials And Methods : Data was collected through a prepared proforma which included various parameters related to History,
Clinical examination and Laboratory parameters. Serum sodium levels were measured on day 1,3 and 7 after initial assessment of patients.
Results: Overall sodium levels correlated with severity of pneumonia ( all outcomes) in 79 cases . There were 12 deaths. 7 of them had serum
sodium levels less than 125 indicating hyponatremia as a contributory factor of initial severity of pneumonia. Conclusion: Patients with severe
hyponatremia had high morbidity and mortality in the form of non resolution ,complications and death. Thus serum sodium levels can be used as a
prognostic biomarker in community acquired pneumonia which is cost effective and easily available
INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES ASSOCIATED WITH OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS- A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF RURAL MAHARASHTRA
Authors: D Patel Chintan , D Bora Bhagyashri , P Jadhav Jayashree
Published: March 2023

Background: 3rd trimester Oligohydramnios is associated with poor maternal and fetal outcome. Oligohydramnios is associated with congenital
anomalies of genitourinary system, dehydration, preeclampsia, placental abruption etc.The more frequent malformations associated with
oligohydramnios were urinary, musculoskeletal, digestive and cardiac.(1) Objective: To nd the incidence of congenital anomalies in neonates
born to mother diagnosed with oligohydramnios in 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Method: The present prospective study was conducted in
department of Pediatrics, Dr.Vitthalrao Vikhe Patil Pravara Rural Hospital, Loni. All the babies born to mother diagnosed with oligohydramnios in
the 3rd trimester of the pregnancy were included and on 4th day of life USG abdomen and kidney, ureter and bladder and 2D ECHO were done to
diagnose congenital anomalies. IUD and Still birth babies were excluded. Time period: July 2021 to November 2022 Results: Among 100 cases
studied,14(14%) cases have congenital anomalies, out of which 7 (7%) were involving renal system and 7 (7%) were involving other systems.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that careful fetal examination has to be performed when oligohydramnios is diagnosed as congenital
malformations are often associated with oligohydramnios
THERAPEUTIC ASPECT OF PAIN IN EMERGENCY: EXPERIENCES SEEN FROM A TEACHING HOSPITAL WITH LOW-RESOURCES SETTINGS
Authors: Dolly Velonjara Tohaina , Florelia Martinetti Andrianimaro , Lova Danny Ella Razafindrabekoto , Aurélia Rakotondrainibe , Naharisoa Giannie Rasamimanana , Nasolotsiry Enintsoa Raveloson
Published: March 2023

Objective: Patients And To describe the therapeutic aspect of acute pain in a medical emergency department and to report our experiences.
Methods: A prospective study was performed over a 12-month period in the Reception-Triage-Emergency service of the teaching hospital
Mahavoky Mahajanga. Therapeutic modalities along with the evolutionary data of pain were studied. The variables were analyzed by SPSS 25.0
software. Of the 139 patients selected, pain intensity was assessed on Results: admission and after treatment using the visual analogue scale (VAS).
Pain was moderate in 62.6% of cases. Acetaminophen constituted the large share of prescriptions (45.3%). Levels II and III were insufciently
prescribed with regard to the pain intensity observed on admission (respectively 2.2% and 1.4%). The wider use of the intravenous route was
signicant (69.1%). After treatment, 32.4% of patients were completely relieved. Ac Conclusion: cording to this study, pain management still
needs to be improved. This requires for good staff training and doctor-nurse collaboration to be part of a quality approach
LOUPES IN ORTHODONTIC PRACTICE: A REVIEW
Authors: H Jyothikiran , S Nair Nidharshana , Girish Kumar I. , Raghunath N
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The dental practice places an enormous emphasis on the operator's visual acuity and musculoskeletal system. While performing
orthodontic procedures, the dental surgeon may incline their head and neck towards the patient's mouth to get closer and obtain a better view of the
operating eld, thus increasing the dentist's risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders. Loupes should be considered a standard piece of
equipment for today's clinicians. Magnication benets of loupes are visual acuity at a greater focal distance with decreased eye strain and
increased treatment accuracy and effectiveness, which increases the quality of patient care. Ergonomically correct posture decreases neck,
shoulder, and back strain and increases the longevity of your career. Start using loops as a student if possible. It is easier, to begin with, good posture
than to break old habits. The current evidence endorses the advantages of magnication loupes in dentistry in diagnosis and treatment delivery.
However, more studies should be conducted to research different procedure outcomes over the long run. Further, there is strong scientic evidence
supporting the use of dental magnication loupe for postural and musculoskeletal support, but very few articles about orthodontics. Aims and
Objectives: Material and Methods: This review article aims to emphasize the ergonomic benet of dental loupes in orthodontics. The paper
included 60 articles selected on dental loupes with inclusion criteria and 41 articles were excluded based on exclusion criteria. Overall, seven
electronic databases in seven databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase,
beginning, and hand searching until 2021, were conducted. Dental loupes can have a positi Conclusion: ve effect on the quality of the treatment
where the debonding procedure can result in less enamel damage and the bracket bonding procedure will leave composite residues which is called
ash, As we deal with different types of new bracket system, which has doors to lock the wire in the bracket, its difcult to work manage the
composite owing into it through the naked eye and therefore we recommend the use of dental loupes in any orthodontic procedures
BIOMICROSCOPY HIGHLIGHTS THE EFFICACY OF SKIN GRAFT ON MICROVASCULAR PARAMETERS IN NON-DIABETIC ULCERS
Authors: Letizia Iabichella Maria
Published: March 2023

Objective. Laser Doppler owmetry (LDF), transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and carbon dioxide (pCO2), and Biomicroscopy
(BM) are exams used in daily clinical practice to assess capillary and microvascular functionality. Skin graft (SG) is a well-established intervention
for the treatment of chronic lower leg ulcers. The sequence of improvements at the microvascular and macrovascular level, letting to a successful
outcome after SG, is not yet been determined. This observation aims to determine which parameters of capillary functionality could show how SG
takes to a positive outcome. Methods. In this trial, cutaneous perfusion, district microcirculatory reserve, and variation of cutaneous perfusion
induced by the postural vasoconstriction reex (VAR) were measured with LDF as the number and diameter of capillary loops at 1 cm, 2 cm, and 4
cm from the big toe nailfold and the ulcer edge. Cutaneous gas exchanges were detected through pO2 and pCO2, and capillary density and average
diameter loops were recorded with BM. Because of the exploratory nature of this study, consecutive patients' afferent to our structure receiving SG
for the treatment of non-diabetic chronic non-relapsing ulcers on the lower limb, were assessed before and 5 days after SG. All measures were
collected by the same operator and SG was performed in a standardized manner. Paired non-parametric statistical tests were performed to compare
basal with after SG measurements. Results. All 13 patients observed had a clinically successful outcome after SG in terms of pain reduction,
absence of SG complications, and absence of secretion. The median number of capillary loops changed at the different evaluation points (e.g. from
19 vs 21 (P=.004) at the big toe nailfold and 16 vs. 22 (P<.001) at 2 cm from the ulcer edge). The median diameter of capillary loops changed at the
different evaluation points (e.g. at the big toe nailfold decreased from 24mm to 19mm (P=.004) and from 16mm to 22mm (P=.031) at 2 cm from the
ulcer). The median values of pO2 increased from 10 mmHg to 36 mmHg (P=.005) on supine and from 28 mmHg to 3 mmHg (P=.006) at the
dependent lower limb None of the LDF measures, or pCO2.Conclusion.In this exploratory evaluation, BM measurements reveal, for the rst time,
a successful outcome after SG for the treatment of chronic lower limb skin ulcers, especially on the big toe nailfold, 1 and 2 cm from the ulcer. The
improvement observed at the capillary level seems parallel with the improvement of tissue oxygenation
MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF ESTIMATED HEIGHT BY USING AVAILABLE FORMULA BASED ON TIBIAL LENGTH IN AN INDIVIDUAL.
Authors: Magrey Yusra , Gupta Sangeeta , Manzoor Saima
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Skeleton is a source of information about a human being. In the anthropometric measurements height isthe most important parameter.
The identication of individual by estimating the stature is done in mass calamities and helpsin medico – legal investigations. Tibial bone isthe most
important weight bearing bone and situated medially in the lower limb of the body. The tibial length is highly correlated with estimation of stature.
Methods:This prospective observationalstudy aimed to study the estimated height oftibia and to determine its clinicalsignicance.Results:Atotal of
200 subjects were involved, male female ratio was 1:1 and the mean age of male and female subjects were 19.37±3.58 years and 19.27±2.89 years
respectively. The measured mean right tibial length of male and female subjects were 36.29±3.12 cm and 33.89±2.38 cm respectively and mean left
tibial length of male and female subjects were 36.22±3.19 cm and 33.87±2.39 cm. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the accurate
measurementoftibiallengthis agoodpossible choice toestimateordetermine theheight/stature inanindividual
DERMATOFIBROSARCOMA PROTRUBERANS- A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: T. Basavaraj J. , H Sahana , Chaitanya J Anantha
Published: March 2023

Dermatobrosarcoma protruberans (DFSP) is a rare mesenchymal sarcoma with low to intermediate grade malignant potential that typically
involves the dermis with an incidence rate of 0.8 to 4.5 cases per million persons per year. Typical presentation is an asymptomatic, indolent,
exophytic protruberant tumour with a high local recurrance rate seen on the trunk. We report a typical case of DFSP with local recurrence on the left
lower back in a 32-year old female which was managed with wide local excision with margins free of tumour inltration conrmed by
histopathology. This case is reported for its rarity
HAND GRIP STRENGTH IN YOUNG ADULTS: INFLUENCE OF ARM CIRCUMFERENCE, BMI, GENDER AND HANDEDNESS
Authors: V S K N Durga Haritha Polisetty , Prabhakara Rao K. , Priscilla Miriam Pilli
Published: March 2023

AIM: In our study we assessed the association between hand grip strength and arm circumference, BMI, dominant hand and gender.
METHODOLOGY: Our study population includes 146 young adults (Female-84, Male-62) from Guntur medical college, Guntur, Andhra
Pradesh. We have calculated each student's BMI (kg/m2). We measured Hand grip strength in (kg) by taking the average of two hand grip attempts
using a handspring dynamometer. We measured the Upper arm circumference using a measuring tape in cm around the thickest part of the upper
arm. We compared Hand grip strength with arm circumference, BMI, handedness and gender. Results: The mean values for Maximal grip strength
in the right hand for severely underweight, underweight, normal, overweight, and obese are 21, 26, 31.1, 31.6 and 32. The mean values for Maximal
grip strength in the left hand for severely under-weight, underweight, normal, overweight and obese are 19, 26, 29.4, 29.6 and 30. The mean values
for the arm circumference of the muscle in the right limb for severely underweight, underweight, normal, overweight and obese are 20.8, 21.6, 26.2,
28.6, and 30.6. The mean values for the arm circumference of the left-limb muscles in severely underweight, underweight, normal, overweight and
obese are 20.3, 21.3, 25.8, 28.4 and 30.4. Pearson coefcient for maximal grip strength and bulk of the right arm is 0.9095, indicating a strong
positive correlation. The P-Value is <0.00001, which is signicant at P<0.05. Pearson coefcient for maximal grip strength and the bulk of the left
arm is-0.382, indicating a negative correlation. The P value is <0.00001, which is signicant at P<0.05. Conclusion: Maximal Grip Strength is
more in males than females. Bulk and Maximal Grip Strength is more in the dominant hand (right hand).Maximal Grip Strength is less in severely
underweight and underweight participants. Maximal Grip Strength is more in overweight and obese
SIGNIFICANCE OF RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH (RDW) AND NEUTROPHIL LYMPHOCYTE RATIO [NLR] IN ACUTE PANCREATITIS IN ASSESSING PROGNOSIS
Authors: V. Madhav M. , Bhaskara Rao U. , Naveen Reddy D. , Pragna A.
Published: March 2023

Background- Acute pancreatitis is a potentially lethal acute inammatory process with a highly variable clinical course. Extreme form of the
disease can develop in 25% of patients and with an estimated mortality of 40%.Methods- This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of RDW &
NLR in suspecting the outcome in patients with acute pancreatitis. It was carried out among 50 patients who had acute pancreatitis and were
diagnosed based on diagnostic criteria for acute pancreatitis. RDW, WBC count, platelet count, RBC count, haemoglobin level, MCV, Serum
Amylase, lipase, serum creatinine, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, calcium, glucose, LDH, SGOT and SGPT levels and Ultrasound abdomen
were done. NLR & RDW were done on days 0 & 2, and is correlated with the severity Out of 50 study subjects ,78% of the subjects were Resultsclassied as mild acute pancreatitis group and 22% as severe acute pancreatitis group. There is signicant change in RDW in severe acute
pancreatitis group. NLR showed signicant change in mild and severe acute pancreatitis. The change in value is more signicant in 0 & 48 hrs in
severe acute pancreatitis group. Also, NLR has more signicant rise during admission than at 48 hours. RDW & NLR values along Conclusionwith various scoring systems will be helpful for accurately predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis
A CASE REPORT ON MEROPENEM INDUCED PSYCHOSIS
Authors: Elsa Manoj Helen , Mary John Jiby , Varghese Mohan
Published: March 2023

Meropenem is one of the most commonly used broad-spectrum antibiotic for the treatment of infection. There are several adverse effects related to
Meropenem. The most common side effects among them are nausea, vomiting, rashes, diarrhoea, and hypersensitivity. In this particular case report
we are discussing about not so frequently occurring but very important side effects of Meropenem that is Psychosis. Since Meropenem is widely
used drug, reporting of this kind of adverse events are crucial.
CLINICAL RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH UNCOMPLICATED AND COMPLICATED WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME IN ALCOHOL DEPENDENT SYNDROME: A CROSS SECTIONAL COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: I M Shashikala , M Poonam
Published: March 2023

Background:The alcohol withdrawal is a period of signicant clinical risk with high mortality. Identifying the factors which can predict the risk of
developing complicated withdrawal can have preventive and therapeutic implications. Thus, the present study is aimed at identifying clinical risk
factors associated with the development of complicated withdrawal. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional comparative study
conducted at a tertiary hospital from MAY- JUNE 2022. Fifty adult inpatients, diagnosed with alcohol dependence syndrome in withdrawal were
divided into complicated and uncomplicated withdrawal groups .socio-demographic and clinical data were collected. For group comparisons,
Pearson's Chi-square test and independent sample t-test were used. Results: Age at onset of drinking (P =0.027), maximum units of drinking (P
=0.013), and the presence of past history of withdrawal (x2==5.960; P =0.046) emerged as strong predictors of complicated withdrawal.
Conclusion: The risk factors found in this study can be easily evaluated by a clinician which helps in identifying patients at risk of developing
complicated withdrawal and plan appropriate treatment for them
EUSTACHIAN TUBE DYSFUNCTION FOLLOWING ANTERIOR NASAL PACKING
Authors: Ahmad Bhat Rais , Yousuf Aamir , Majid Qazi Sajad
Published: March 2023

Background: Eustachian tube maintains middle ear pressure equal to that of atmosphere and helps in ventilation of middle ear. Its function may be
deranged due to adenoids, cleft palate, nasogastric tubes, allergy and by nasal packing. Objectives:To evaluate the effect of anterior nasal packing
on Eustachian tube function. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 50 patients with deviated nasal septum with or without external nasal
deformity and nasal polyposis. Tympanometry was performed prior to surgery, second post-operative day before pack removal and on seventh
post-operative day ve days after pack removal. Results: Out of 50 patients (100 ears) who had anterior nasal packing after nasal surgeries, 40 ears
had abnormal middle ear pressure after 48 hours of anterior nasal packing just before the pack removal. Middle ear pressure 5 days after the pack
removal was found abnormal in 4 ears. Conclusion: This study shows that anterior nasal packing result in Eustachian tube dysfunction and
negative middle ear pressure which is reversible in nature.
VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISKS IN DIABETES PATIENTS
Authors: K Sudheesh , Singh Renu
Published: March 2023

Low vitamin D levels in diabetic patients are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Diabetic patients in Kerala are at increased
risk for cardiovascular disease due to low vitamin D levels. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is rising worldwide. Recent research
reveals that Vitamin-D (Vit-D) insufciency may contribute to advancing cardiovascular illnesses, even if the impact of conventional risk factors is
already well-established. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). It has been observed that the
frequency of diabetes mellitus and vitamin D insufciency is relatively high in the population of Kerala. To determine if the status of vitamin D
inuences the evolution of cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes in the given population, this research was conducted. A cross-sectional
study was undertaken at a teaching hospital for tertiary care. The test population consisted of persons with diabetes, whereas the control group
consisted of age- and sex-matched healthy adults. Each patient's demographic information, blood pressure, and blood samples were obtained. The
lipid prole, blood glucose level, Apo-A1, and Apo-B were analyzed using the collected samples. The acquired results were evaluated using a
suitable statistical instrument. Ahigher value for lipid prole in the test population suggests a greater risk for CVD in the test population, according
to the results. Apo-A1 levels were substantially lower, and Apo-B levels were signicantly more signicant in the test population compared to the
control group, indicating that the test population is at an elevated cardiovascular risk. The research revealed a negative connection between vitamin
D and cardiac indicators, suggesting a role for vitamin D deciency in cardiovascular disease. The analysis of biomarkers in the various test groups
revealed a statistically signicant difference based on Vit-D status. The correlation between Vit-D status and CVD is established, and the results are
comparable to previous research abroad. The present investigation indicated a strong correlation between Vit-D concentration and CVD risk in the
population of Kerala. The study showed that the test group had increased levels of both traditional and novel biomarkers for predicting
cardiovascular risk. To determine the prevalence of this association, future prospective follow-up research must be done.
“COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PALONOSETRON & PALONOSETRON WITH OLANZAPINE FOR PREVENTION OF POST OPERATIVE NAUSEA VOMITING IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING GYNAECOLOGICAL SURGERIES”
Authors: J Jerin Arx , B Gangadhar S , B C Prakash
Published: March 2023

Background: The second most frequent post-operative complaint after pain is post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). There are numerous
factors that can cause PONV, including the length of the procedure, the type of medicines used during anaesthesia, the anaesthetic technique, age,
sex, and smoking habits. Depending on the type of operation and related risk factors, the incidence of PONV has been reported to range from 30 to
80%. Without any antiemetic medication, there is a 60% to 80% chance of PONV following general anaesthesia. Prevention of PONV can improve
both the physical & phycological recovery of patient post-surgery. Palonosetron is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type3(5-HT3) receptor
antagonists. It has a greater receptor binding afnity and a much longer half-life, conferring a prolonged duration of action, exceeding 40 hours,
compared with other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists.[1] Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent of the thienobenzodiazepine class, blocks
multiple neurotransmitter receptors, including dopaminergic (D1, D2, D3, D4), serotonergic (5-HT2a, 5-HT2c, 5-HT3, 5-HT6), adrenergic
(alpha1), histaminic (H1), and muscarinic (m1, m2, m3, m4) receptors.[2] Aim: To compare the effect of palonosetron and palonosetron plus
olanzapine for prevention of post operative nausea vomiting in patients undergoing gynecological surgeries
MEANING IN LIFE IN RELATION TO QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG SCHOOL TEACHERS
Authors: Hussain War Ashiq , K. S. Kushwaha A.
Published: March 2023

The aim of this study is to explore the relationship of meaning in life and its two sub dimensions with quality of life and its four sub dimensions
among school teachers in three districts of Kashmir. The present study revealed that meaning in life and its two dimensions namely presence of
meaning and search for meaning had a positive signicant relationship with quality of life and its sub dimensions. Our result also suggests that
Understanding the relationship between meaning in life and quality of life will be helpful for family members, counsellors, and government to
chalk out a strategy about the teacher's lives and their working environment in various schools
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT OF MUSSAENDA ERYTHROPHYLLA AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Sandip Gupte Archana
Published: March 2023

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles from medicinal plant extracts has been carried out due to its environment-friendly approach. Mussaenda
erythrophylla of the family Rubiaceae has traditional medicinal values. Silver nanoparticles are synthesized from the fresh leaf extract of this plant
using AgNO3. The synthesis of nanoparticles is conrmed by the FTIR spectrophotometer which shows maximum absorption at 440 nm. The UV
spectra and visual observation showed that the color of the fresh leaf extract turned brownish-yellow after forming silver nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity of aqueous leaf extract and AgNPs on E.coli is studied by disc diffusion method. It is found that the AgNPs has more
antimicrobial property than the leaf extract
“A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF SURGICAL EMERGENCIES DURING COVID 19 PANDEMIC DUE TO THROMBOTIC COMPLICATIONS IN SVS INSTITUTE”
Authors: Sateesha Reddy P. , Soumya Dade
Published: March 2023

Background: To know the incidence of thrombotic events leading to surgical emergencies in covid patients in SVS Medical college and hospital,
during covid pandemic. A structured retrospective study was conducted during rst and se Methods: cond wave of pandemic in our institute. Data
of the patients who presented to the casualty with surgical emergencies such as acute bowel ischemia, acute ischemia limb ,Deep vein thrombosis,
Portal vein thrombosis, was collected and diagnosis was established by consecutive analysis of all investigations performed. Results: Of all the
abdominal emergencies eight cases, one case of bilateral lower limb ischemia, one case of unilateral upper limb ischemia, ten cases of Deep vein
thrombosis were found to be positive for covid 19. Conclusion: The incidence of surgical emergencies during covid 19 pandemic due to
thrombotic complications in our institute over a period of 2yrs is 3.83%
“ SPIROMETRIC EVALUATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ”
Authors: Anjani Kumar C. , Padmini K. , Tejaswini M.
Published: March 2023

Background: Chronic hyperglycaemia causes many changes in the lungs such as thickened pulmonary capillary basal lamina and alveolar
epithelium causing decreased pulmonary elastic recoil and lung volumes. Aim: of the current study is to know the evidence based signicance of
spirometry on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study with 90 Type 2DM patients were selected of age
more than 35 years and with duration of diabetes > 5 years. spirometry was done for: FVC, FEV1, FEV1/ FVC. Results: Recorded FVC in Type 2
DM is decreased when compared to the predicted values.Recorded FVC of diabetic patients have a mean of 2.14 ± 0.67 with a range of 1.13 – 4.17
compared to predicted values with mean of 2.54 ± 0.63 with a range of 1.72 – 4.03. Recorded FEV1 in Type 2 DM is decreased when compared to
the predicted values. Recorded FEV1 of diabetic patients have a mean of 1.93± 0.63 with a range of 0.95 – 3.33 compared to predicted values with
mean of 2.10 ± 0.49 with a range of 1.42 – 3.36. 53.3% of the diabetics had mild restriction of pulmonary functions 14.4% of the diabetics had
moderate restriction of pulmonary functions. Conclusion: DIABETES MELLITUS causes decrement in the lung functions in the form of
Restriction which is more seen in patients with longer duration of DM & patients with uncontrolled glycemic status.
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF DISTAL HUMERUS FRACTURE TREATED BY ORTHOGONAL PLATING
Authors: Vikram M , Manikandan M , Arumugam Veeramani
Published: March 2023

The distal humeral fractures, especially the comminuted intra articular, remain one of the most challenging injuries to treat. Various problems in
distal humerus fracture management include frequent articular involvement, metaphyseal comminution, bone loss and osteopenia. The study
analysed the functional outcome of twenty patients of distal humeral fractures treated surgically with orthogonal plating with average follow up of
13months (6 months – 2 ½ years). The good anatomical alignment, absolute stabilization and early mobilization were of prime importance in elbow
fractures. Subjects of this prospective study were 20 consecutive patients based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria. All patients underwent
ORIF with orthogonal plating through Olecranon osteotomy (Chevron) approach. The patients were followed up periodically based on the MEPS
(Mayo Elbow Performance Score) and radiological outcome were analysed. The Mean age of the patients was 45 years ranging from 20 to 65
years.AO type C3 fractures constituted 50% while C2 fractures constituted 45%And C1 fractures constituted only 5% of our cases. In our study,
the average surgical time delay was 6 days ranging from 5 to 20 days. Two patients had infection. None of them had ulnar nerve damage post
operatively. Stiffness was noted in 2 patients. No patient died during treatment or follow up. The average time to union was about 14 weeks. There
was no hardware failure or non-union in any patient. The mean exion-extension arc was 96°. The mean MEPS score was 78 in our study. Of the 20
patients, 9(45%) patients had Excellent, 5(25%) patients had good, 4(20%)patients had fair, 2(10%)patients had poor nal outcome. We conclude
that with good anatomical reduction with a stable internal xation, preserving the blood supply to the bone along with protection of the ulnar nerve
and early elbow mobilization ensure the good functional outcome and early return to activities
A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF ETIOLOGY, CLINICAL AND NEUROIMAGING IN PATIENTS WITH CEREBRAL SINUS VENOUS THROMBOSIS
Authors: Anjaneya Prasad V. , Santhosh Kumar A. , Valli Krishna Priya P.
Published: March 2023

Thrombosis of Cerebral vein and dural sinus is a rare multifactorial phenomenon. The incidence is underestimated because it is now known to have
a varied clinical spectrum than previously realized and can be more challenging to diagnose. CSVT requires high Suspicious index due to the
heterogeneity in etiological factors identied in up to 80% of patients. Neuroimaging is the corner stone in the diagnosis. MRI with MRV is almost
100% Diagnostic
PATTERN OF NECK LYMPH NODE METASTASIS AND FACTORS AFFECTING THE LYMPH NODE METASTASIS IN SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS OF HEAD AND NECK
Authors: K Gupta Sheena , S Ravishankara
Published: March 2023

Background: Head and neck cancer exhibits metastases to cervical lymph nodes through certain lymphatic drainage routes. The 5-year survival
rate for patients with neck metastases reduces depending on the number and level of nodes involved. To assess the patterns of lymph Objective:
node metastasis for squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck and analyse the prognostic factors of cervical node status and highlight their effect
on treatment and prognosis. The study entailed a cross sectional analysis of Method: 66 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck
radiologically or pathologically proven. Data collected and was analysed by a chi square test using SPSS (version 20). Of the 66 clinically Results:
node-positive patients, 18 had bilateral lymph node metastasis and 48 had ipsilateral LNM. In all primary sites pattern of lymph drainage was
followed except for in 1 case of carcinoma larynx where metastasis was to level II and IV without involvement of level III. We Conclusion:
concluded majority of the HNSCC cases followed normal pattern of drainage and in individuals with oral cavity and oropharynx SCC, the
incidence of bilateral neck LNMs are high particularly to level II of contralateral side. With higher stage of the disease and long duration of
symptoms chances of lymph node metastasis is high thus worsening the prognosis. Bilateral neck dissection is recommended for primary surgical
treatment, with the exception of early stages, when ipsilateral neck dissection may be performed
BIOMIMETIC AGENTS IN PERIODONTOLOGY
Authors: Kabiraj Treena
Published: March 2023

Periodontitis is an inammatory condition that damages soft tissues and induces periodontium destruction. Tissue engineering is an
interdisciplinary eld, which advanced from the development of biomaterials to restore or maintain the function of impaired tissue or organ.
Biomimetics in dentistry is an upcoming area of interest, research and development. It is the eld of study that attempts to design system and
synthesize materials through biomimicry. Today, the emergence of biologics, agents that stimulate a true regeneration and reconstruction of the
tissues to their original form, are becoming the new horizon in periodontics.
DIAGNOSTIC EFFICACY OF BRONCHIAL WASHING CYTOLOGY AND BRONCHOSCOPIC NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY IN THE EVALUATION OF MASS LESIONS OF LUNGS – AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.
Authors: Kumar Bharti Rahul , Banerjee Alpana , Sinha Kumarjit , Datta Abhijit
Published: March 2023

Lung cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed worldwide. It is also the foremost contributor to cancer-related mortality, resulting in 1.38
million deaths per year worldwide. There are various diagnostic modalities for lung mass lesions including bronchial washing (BW),
bronchoscopic needle aspiration (BNA) and bronchoscopic biopsy (BB). To determine sensitivit Objectives:- y (Sn), specicity (Sp), positive
predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of both BW and BNA as individual test and as combined tests, taking BB results as
gold standard. This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in a tert Material and methods:- iary care hospital of this part of NorthEast India over a period of two years (July 2020 to June 2022). 55 cases of lung mass lesions underwent BW, BNA and BB during the study period &
were analysed. The study found highest sensitivity in combined BNA & BW (95%), highest Result:- specicity in BNA (81%), highest PPV in
BNA (95%) and highest NPV in combined BNA & BW(88%). This study concluded that BNA i Conclusion:- s a better diagnostic modality than
BW and if BW is done it should always be supported with BNA which contribute to more precise diagnosis
INFLAMMATORY MARKERS (SERUM FERRITIN, ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE AND HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN) AND ITS CORRELATION WITH GLYCATED HAEMOGLOBIN (HBA1C) IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS – A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Samad Aathika , Abdul Moiz Mohsin Ahmed , Veera Bhadreshwara Anusha Doddoju
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Uncontrolled diabetes leads to increased risk of complications. Inammation is believed to have a role to greater extent, in the
pathogenesis of complications of type 2 DM. Also Inammation (as predicted by inammatory markers) and chronic hyperglycaemia (as predicted
by Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) ) jointly contribute to the cardiovascular risk of patients. Hence this study was done to correlate markers of
inammation which can be estimated readily (like hsCRP, serum ferritin and ESR) with glycaemic control (HbA1C) and understand the
relationship between them. Material And Methods: A prospective cohort study was done in 70 adult patients with diabetes mellitus during
December 2021 to September 2022 after taking informed consent from patient. Patients on medication which reduce CRP levels were excluded.
Patients with heart failure, acute febrile illness, renal, hepatic & malignant disorders, chronic illnesses, asymptomatic infections and smokers were
also excluded from the study. Patients were selected by purposive sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to record patients
data, and ndings of examination and investigation. Based on HbA1C patients were grouped as good control (HbA1C <6.5%) and poor control
(HbA1C ≥ 6.5%) and comparison was done. Data entered in Microsoft excel 2013 and analysed using SPSS version 22 package. Pearsons
correlation coefcient, T test and chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. P < 0.05 was considered to be signicant statistically. Results:
The mean age of the study patients was 51±23.1 years with male to female ratio being 48:32. HbA1C was ≥ 6.5% (poor control) in 50 patients and
<6.5% in 20 patients which shows that diabetic control was good in only 20 patients. Mean ESR, serum ferritin and hsCRP was signicantly more
in patients with poor diabetic control. Pearson's correlation of HbA1C versus ESR (R = 0.654, P <0.001), serum ferritin (R= 0.22, P value = 0.006)
and hsCRP (R=0.685, P<0.001) of all the study participants was highly signicant. Conclusions: Inammatory markers like ESR, hsCRP and
serum ferritin are positively correlated with high HbA1C levels or poor diabetic control. Other factors associated with poor diabetic control
includes, increasing age and BMI
ASSOCIATION OF GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN AND GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION AMONG ANTENATAL MOTHERS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, SOUTH KERALA
Authors: Suseel Shruthi , Dev Minnu , P Joy Dhiya , Christopher Usha
Published: March 2023

Background: Maternal mortality and morbidity remain signicant public health concerns, despite modern perinatal care. Excessive and
insufcient gestational weight gain have been associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes, of which hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
constitute 10%. The aim of the study was to nd an association between ges Objective: tational weight gain(GWG) and the development of
gestational hypertension. This cross-sectional study included all the antenatal women attending the OPD of the obstetrics department in Dr SMCSI
medical college from June 2018 to October 2019. Their BMI was calculated and based on that, these patients were categorized into 4 groups as
normal weight, underweight, overweight, and obese. Their weight gain was recorded on each visit and monitored. Antenatal complications were
noted and followed up for the development of gestational hypertension. Among 930 antenatal Results: women selected, all mothers with normal
BMI were in the recommended weight gain group. Less than recommended weight gain mothers were mostly underweight (80.6%) and more than
recommended mothers were overweight (66.6%). In our study there were a signicant number of mothers with gestational hypertension 22.6%
who had more than the recommended amount of weight gain (p=0.005) Gestational hypertension Conclusion: was seen more among mothers with
more than the recommended amount of weight gain
PROSPECTIVE FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME STUDY OF PRIMARY CEMENTED HEMIARTHROPLASTY USED IN MANAGEMENT OF UNSTABLE INTERTROCHANTERIC FRACTURES IN THE ELDERLY PATIENTS
Authors: Gautam R. , Sharma Meghna , Joshi Umang
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Hip fractures are the most commonly occurring fracture which leads to substantial morbidity and mortality in elderly population.
Conventional treatment with internal xation devices in osteoporotic bones leads to screw cutout,implant breakage, varus collapse of femoral head
and shortening on early weight bearing. Aim of this study is to asses functional outcome of cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty in treatment of
unstable intertrochanteric fracture. This study includes 20 cases of comminuted, Material&Method: unstable (AO/OTA type 31-A2.2 and type
31-A2.3) intertrochanteric fractures which had undergone cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty and functional outcome was measured on sequential
follow up on 3, 6 and 12 months post operatively with help of modied harris hip score. Bipol Results: ar hemiarthroplasty can be used as an
alternative to conventional internal xation techniques as it provides stable xation and early weight bearing mobilisation, but is a technically
demanding procedure so it requires more operative time, familiarity of surgeon to the technique along with incresed intraoperative blood loss.
Conclusion: Bipolar hemiarthroplasty provides an effective alternative to internal xation techniques for treatment of unstable intertrochanteric
fractures
IS CHILDBEARING A TRAUMATIC EVENT FOR WOMEN?
Authors: PopJordanova Nada
Published: March 2023

The psychological birth trauma is a universal phenomenon in childbearing women. The inuences could extend in a wide range, which includes the
mothers' health, mother-infant relationship or partner relationship. The purpose of this research was to evaluate collected data from several
obstetric clinics in Macedonia, as well as for primary paediatric settings related to 'Birth Trauma' in order to review especially women with
symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following childbirth. The results conrmed that the birth trauma is not rare phenomena in our
country, as well. Symptoms correlated with PTSD were present as unpleasant memories, anxiety, panic, traying not remember delivery, selfaccusation, negative emotions, alienation, irritation/aggression, self-destruction, impulsiveness, problems with concentration, and sleeping
problems. These results alarm that the better understanding this vulnerable period of women's life is necessary
PORTAL VEIN THROMBOSIS – A STUDY OF RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL PROFILE, COMPLICATIONS AND MANAGEMENT
Authors: Anjaneya Prasad V. , Shekhar G. , Ashok Naik M.
Published: March 2023

Background: The portal vein is formed by the conuence of the splenic and superior mesenteric veins. Occlusion of the portal vein by thrombus
(portal vein thrombosis [PVT]) typically occurs in patients with cirrhosis and/or prothrombotic disorders/ pancreatitis. Patients with acute PVT
have the sudden onset of portal venous occlusion due to thrombus. Patients with acute PVT have not yet developed features of chronic PVT, such as
collateral circulation (e.g., cavernous portal transformation) or portal hypertension. Chronic PVT develops when acute doesn't resolve with
formation of collaterals. In patients with suspected acute PVT, we typically obtain a contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CECT)
to conrm the diagnosis, evaluate for predisposing conditions (eg, intra-abdominal infection), assess the extent of the thrombosis and the anatomy
of collaterals, and detect evidence of intestinal infarction. Doppler and MRI are other alternative imaging modalities. The primary management of
acute portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is anticoagulation and, when possible, treatment of predisposing condition. The goal of anticoagulation is to
prevent extension of the clot and to allow for recanalization, so that intestinal infarction and portal hypertension do not develop. Unlike chronic
PVT, where the role of anticoagulation in patients with cirrhosis is unclear, studies suggest anticoagulation for acute PVT is benecial for patients
with cirrhosis. However, because patients with cirrhosis may have esophageal varices, we typically screen for varices prior to initiating
anticoagulation. 60 cases of extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis or intrahepatic Methods: portal vein thrombosis were included. All registered
diagnoses were based on either ultrasound with Doppler, CT-angiography or MRI. In our study, Ris Results: k factors were established in 24 cases
(80%). When including all risk factors, 16 cases (53.3%) had local risk factor, and 8 cases (26.6%) had a systemic risk factor. Anatomical location
was in 26 cases (86%)extrahepatic, (14%) intrahepatic. In addition, patients with extrahepatic PVT also had intrahepatic thrombosis (38%) and/or
in the splenic vein (23%). 66% had oesophageal varices, 53% gastric varices, 46% portal hypertensive gastropathy, 26% variceal haemorrhage, and
40% ascites. Most patients had a combination of local and systemic risk Conclusion: factors for PVT. Partial/ complete recanalization is more in
patients treated with anticoagulation therapy, and that regression of varices was more in patients who were treated with active endoscopy combined
with beta blockers.
EFFECTS OF IRON OXIDE AND TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES IN AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM
Authors: Bajwa Janice , Bajaj Krishna
Published: March 2023

Recent years have seen an increase in the production of nanoparticles in commercial as well as industrial usage. The uniquely engineered
nanoparticles provide a massive advantage to humanity but also come with a certain disadvantage. This has resulted in the exposure of these
particles in dangerous amounts to the living organisms in the ecosystem. This paper discusses the effects of Iron oxide(Fe3O4) and Titanium
Dioxide(TiO2) nanoparticles on aquatic ecosystems. This is a review of the effects on fauna, emphasising the effects on various body systems, such
as the digestive, endocrine, and circulatory systems. It also reviews the ora of the aquatic environment based on past papers, journals and
experiments conducted in labs using various model organisms such as algae and nematodes to determine the effects and variations of these particles
on their anatomy. The review was done using an online database from Google Scholar and several other reputed websites