bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Second-Hand Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Children: A Neglected Driver of Health Disparities and Social Injustice in Nigeria
Authors: Oyapero A , Erinoso O , Olatosi O O
Published: July 2022

Background: The adverse effects of Second-Hand Smoke (SHS) exposure has been reported in the literature, but data on SHS exposure among children in Nigeria is virtually nonexistent. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of SHS exposure to tobacco among school children in Nigeria and to assess its association with socio-demographic factors.

Methods: Data from three pairs of school-based descriptive studies in Lagos, Nigeria was utilized and socioeconomic characteristics and smoking behaviour in the households were obtained using validated questionnaires. Parental and relatives smoking habits were utilized as the indicators of SHS exposure. Prevalence rates were calculated; chi-squared tests and logistic regression analysis were conducted to determine significant associations and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated.

Results: Within the preceding month, 37.6% of the children had been regularly exposed to SHS while 15.5% of them lived with parents and family members who smoked tobacco indoors of which 7.9% were daily exposed to SHS; 19.7% of the children daily experienced cough, nasal congestion, throat, or eye irritation. In the regression analysis, the likelihood of SHS exposure were significantly higher in those with parents that smoke regularly (OR=2.62; 95% CI: 1.50-5.27; p=0.042), lower levels of paternal education (OR=1.7; 95% CI: 0.61-5.27; p=0.021) who live in cramped accommodations (OR=1.79; 95% CI: 1.02-5.67; p=0.044) and those from households with >5 children (OR=1.51; 95% CI: 0.90-2.56; p=0.003).

Conclusions: There was a significant association between parental smoking habits, paternal education, type of accommodation and number of children in the household on SHS exposure in children. Tobacco control policies should emphasize the protection of children through the adoption of smoke-free homes and increase parental awareness on the impact of SHS exposure on children.
Clinical Utility of Kidney Cortical Thickness in assessing severity of CKD in Low Income Setting
Authors: Uduagbamen P K , Odunlami O A , Yusuf A O A , Thompson M U , Ojo N K , Ajiboye O F , Ehioghae O , Oyewale D V
Published: July 2022

Background: Renal Ultrasound Scan (RUS) is known to have an important role in assessing kidney function in healthy people and people with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) with the kidney length (KL) being the most commonly used measure. The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is the gold standard in kidney function assessment and its strength of correlation with a RUS measure is used in ascertaining the reliability of that RUS measure.

Objectives: To compare the strength of correlations between the GFR and RUS measures like KL and cortical thickness (CT) in healthy people and people with CKD.

Methods: One hundred and forty study participants who had kidney ultrasound scan were studied. Creatinine based GFR was determined and linear correlation coefficients (r) were used to determine the relationship between the GFR and RUS measures.

Results: Seventy CKD cohorts with stage 2-4 disease and 70 healthy volunteers (each with 35 males and 35 females) took part. The total mean eGFR, KL and CT for the study participants were 70.5 ± 12.5ml/min, 10.0 ± 3.1cm, and 8.6 ± 2.7mm respectively. There was a progressive decline in eGFR and renal CT as CKD worsened down the stages. The mean eGFR, KL and CT of the CKD cohorts were 44.7 + 3.6 ml/min, 9.1 + 3.3 cm and 7.4 + 2.4 mm respectively. Among the CKD cohorts, the eGFR was highest in CGN and, the KL and CT were highest in obstructive uropathy. The GFR, was positively correlated with KL and CT, the strength of association being more with the CT. The mean age and GFR independently predicted the kidney cortical thickness.

Conclusion: Kidney sizes were smaller in females, with aging and with declining kidney function. The CT being more positively correlated with GFR than the KL, is a more reliable RUS measure in assessing kidney function.

Keywords: Glomerular filtration rate; cortical thickness; kidney length.
Pattern of Haemoglobin Phenotypes and the Clinical Identity of Clients Tested at a Private Diagnostic Center in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Alagbe A E , Adewoyin A S , Alagbe O A , Egbuagha E U , Kotila T R
Published: July 2022

Background: Haemoglobinopathies are diseases of global importance and the countries with high disease burdens have inaccurate national data on the incidence of the various haemoglobin (Hb) phenotypes.

Objective: To review the Hb phenotype distribution, the referral identity of patients, and the clinical reasons for phenotyping.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study conducted at a private diagnostic laboratory in Lagos, South-West, Nigeria. The anonymous results of Hb phenotypes of the patients determined using gel electrophoresis were retrieved from the laboratory information system (LIS).

Results: There were 942 patients: 519(55.1%) males and 423(44.9%) females with median ages 30yrs (11months-89yrs) vs 27yrs (9months-89yrs), p=0.0018. The phenotypes were HbAA, 592(63.2%); HbAS(26.4%); HbSS(7.1%); HbAC(2.1%), HbSC(0.7%) and HbCC(0.4%). Of the total, 757(80.4%) were referred by health care providers and 185(19.6%) were selfreferred, and there was no association between gender and referral identity of patients. However, there were more males [353(46.6%)] with clinical reasons for referrals than females [94(12.4%)], p<0.0001, and annual check was the commonest reason for Hb phenotyping.

Conclusion: Most patients were referred for Hb phenotyping and an annual health check is the commonest reason for phenotype requests. This emphasizes the need for policies to support national Hb phenotype/genotype screening programmes to aid the early detection of sickle cell disease.

Keywords: Haemoglobin phenotype; clinical identity; private laboratory.
Human Monkey Pox Virus Infection in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Eseigbe E E , Akude C , Osagie I A , Eseigbe P
Published: July 2022

Background: Human Monkey Pox Virus (HMPV) infection is a zoonotic infection that is endemic in the Congo basin and West Africa. Its similarity to smallpox infection, increased susceptibility infection in human populations, lack of a definitive therapy and its potential for use as a bioterrorism tool underscores its public health importance.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of HMPV infection in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria.

Methods: This was a case study of HMPV infection occurring in two Nigerian adults, seen in 2018, at Bingham University Teaching Hospital in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. The cases involved two siblings, and these were the first reported cases in Plateau State of Nigeria, which has an estimated population of 3.5 million persons. The diagnosis was based on a combination of clinical features and positive PCR tests on samples from the skin lesions and blood.

Results: The first case, a 20-year-old male, presented with a one week history of fever, headache, pain on swallowing and micturition, and generalised skin lesions. The second case is a 20 year old step brother of the first case, and the primary care provider to first case when he took ill. He also presented with a one-week history of fever, headache, pain on swallowing, and skin lesions which were less intense than in the first case. PCR assays of samples from the skin lesions and blood were positive in both cases. The other comorbidity in both cases was pharyngotonsillitis. Blood, throat, stool, and urine cultures for suspected sepsis and urinary tract infection were all negative. Both cases were admitted and discharged after receiving a course of antibiotics, antihistamine, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and multivitamins. Universal precautions were observed.

Conclusion: HMPV infection in our environment underscores the need to strengthen preventive health strategies against this infection.

Keywords: Clinical presentation; Human Monkey Pox Virus; Nigeria.
An Assessment of Perceived Stigmatization of Patients Infected with COVID-19 in the Nation's Epicenter of the Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study of Residents of Agege, Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Babatunde
Published: July 2022

Background: In some parts of Africa, the patients and those who survived COVID-19 are stigmatized and this has impeded the response activities put in place to control the pandemic. In spite of this, most efforts in preventing COVID-19 were geared towards the use of non-pharmacologic measures without corresponding measures to dissipate stigmatization in the community. Therefore, this study assessed the factors associated with perceived stigmatization of patients with COVID-19 among residents of Agege local government, Lagos State, Nigeria.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 333 consenting residents recruited from Agege local government area (LGA) using a multi-stage sampling technique. A semistructure, interviewer-administered questionnaire adapted from the People Living with Human Immunodefiency Virus (PLHIV) Stigma Index was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of COVID-19 and perceived stigmatization. Bivariate analysis was done using Chi-square and binary logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of perceived stigmatization at 5% level of significance.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 35.7 ± 13.6 years. Awareness about COVID-19 outbreak was 95.2%. Television (43.5%) and radio (36.9%) were the two major sources of information on COVID-19 infection and prevention. The proportions of the respondents who had poor knowledge and perceived stigmatization of COVID-19 patients were 50.0% and 47.7% respectively. A higher likelihood of perceived stigmatization was found among those aged 25 - 49 years (aOR= 3.1, 95% CI = 1.4 - 6.7), > 50 years (aOR= 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1 - 3.9) and married respondents (aOR= 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1 - 2.9).

Conclusion: The study highlights the poor knowledge about COVID-19 and a high level of stigmatization. Hence, targeted health educational interventions are urgently needed for the residents of Agege, most especially among married respondents as well as the adults.

Authors

O A Babatunde 1 2, S A Owoicho 3, S T Sunday 3, A Akande 4, B M Yesufu 5, I M Akanbi 6, M D Dairo 7
Identifying the Clinical and Histological Risk Factors affecting Post-Biopsy Voiding Efficiency: An Observational Closed Cohort Study
Authors: Tolani
Published: July 2022

Background: There is a variability in the reported rate of post-prostate biopsy voiding inefficiency. The burden and potential predictors of this morbidity is not well studied in African patients. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence as well as the clinical and histological factors affecting voiding function in patients undergoing trans-rectal prostate biopsy in an African population.

Subjects, materials and methods: An observational cohort study was carried out in 68 adult males, 40 years and above, scheduled for trans-rectal prostate biopsy for suspected prostate cancer. Those who could not void spontaneously, had either neurological conditions or were on drugs that could affect voiding, were excluded from the research. Data on demographic characteristics of the patients were collected. Uroflowmetry was done to obtain the peak urine flow rate of the patients at baseline and seven days after the procedure. The prostate volume was determined and the presence of other potential clinical and histological risk factors were recorded. The presence of other bleeding-related biopsy complications was also recorded. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS with a p-value of less than 0.05 reported as significant.

Results: Voiding inefficiency was recorded in 28 (41.2%) of the patients with majority, 21 (75.0%), experiencing a five to nine-point decrease in their seventh day peak flow rate values. Post-biopsy haematuria occurred in 37 (54.4%) of the population. The presence of haematuria with blood clots was associated with a 10.9 times increased risk of voiding inefficiency after the procedure (p = 0.006).

Conclusion: About two in five patients developed post-prostate biopsy voiding inefficiency. Blood clot presence was independently. associated with the occurrence of this morbidity.

Authors

M A Tolani 1, B K Hamza 2, M Awaisu 1, A O Afolayan 3, A T Lawal 1, A Bello 1
Principles of Manual Tissue Processing in an Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Laboratory in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Egbunah
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Tissue processing describes the steps involved in infiltrating a well fixed tissue with wax for section cutting on a microtome. Paraffin tissue processing can be performed either manually or by using an automated tissue processor and errors in any of the steps involved would significantly affect histopathology. The aim of this article was to describe to principles of manual tissue processing as performed in the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Laboratory of the College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria (OMFP-CMUL Lab).

Methods: We report the principles of manual tissue processing as performed in the OMFP-CMUL lab using the index case of an 11-year-old girl with a histopathologic diagnosis of unicystic ameloblastoma.

Results: Steps of tissue processing included fixation, specimen accessioning, gross examination, decalcification (for tissue specimens containing calcium deposits), dehydration, clearing, infiltration, embedding, sectioning, labeling of tissue blocks, tissue floatation bathing, making the slide and numbering, staining, drying, cover-slipping, and microscopic examination.

Discussion: Common errors seen in histopathology laboratories were avoided by the quality control practices of the residents, consultants, laboratory scientists and technicians within the department.

Authors

U P Egbunah 1, A O Akinshipo 2, O F Ajayi 2 3
The Spate of Mental Health Breakdown among Health Professionals
Authors: Erhabor
Published: July 2022

Editorial
Depression in Special Groups: Doctors, COVID-19 Patients and Older Adult
Authors: Oginni
Published: July 2022

Editorial 

Authors

O A Oginni 1 2, I O Oloniniyi 1 2, K S Mosaku 1
Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies among Adults with Asthma in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Arawomo et al.
Published: July 2022

Background and objectives: Asthma is one of the common chronic diseases globally. There is paucity of data on perceived stress among patients with asthma in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the extent of perceived stress and its association with coping strategies among adults with asthma.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 100 adults with asthma were consecutively recruited from the Respiratory Clinic of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. They completed a questionnaire containing demographic details, Perceived Stress Scale(PSS), Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief-COPE) Scale and Asthma Specific Coping Scale(ASCS).

Results: Most of the respondents were female (56%, n = 56) with mean age of 38.8 (±16.5), and FEV1% predicted was 78.9%±24.5. Sixty-three (63%) participants had high levels of perceived stress. Patients with asthma who had high perceived stress were significantly younger than those with low perceived stress (χ2 = 2.66; p=0.01). The mean scores of coping strategies for asthma patients with high stress level was generally higher compared with those with low stress level, and was significantly higher in the adaptive coping strategy (t=-3.36; p=0.01) and its subscales. For asthma specific coping scale, there was significant difference between those with high perceived stress and low perceived stress in the positive appraisal (t=-2.95, p=0.004) and ignoring asthma (t=-2.09, p=0.040) subscales.

Conclusion: The level of perceived stress is high among Nigerian patients with asthma. This study showed that the more stressed they are, the more they are likely to use coping strategies.

Authors

A O Arawomo 1, J O Erhabor 2, A Akinsulore 3, O F Awopeju 1 4, A O Ajayi 1, G E Erhabor 1 4
An Evaluation of a Supervised School Tooth Brushing Program on Plaque and Gingival Scores of a Group of Rural Nigerian Primary School Children
Authors: Ozoemena
Published: July 2022

Aim: The study assessed the Plaque and Gingival scores of rural Nigerian school children before and after supervised school brushing program.

Methods: This was an interventional study of 96 children aged 6 to 12 years in selected rural primary schools in Enugu, Nigeria. Data on sex, age, type of school, Plaque score and Gingival score were collected. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 and student's t- test was used to compare means. P<0.05 was considered significant.

Results: There were 45(46.9%) male and 51(53.1%) female participants and their mean age was 8.45±1.83years. Forty nine(51.0%) children attended private school while 47(49.0%) attended public school. Only 10(10.4%) had good Plaque score while 8(8.3%) had healthy gingiva. Before intervention, 83(86.5%) children used tooth brush as cleansing tool, 7(7.3%) children brushed twice a day while after the intervention, 96(100.0%) children used toothbrush and 39(40.6%) children brushed twice a day. Also, before intervention, there was significant association between Plaque scores (p=0.012), Gingival scores (p<0.001) and type of school attended. The mean plaque score for the school children before and after intervention was 2.17±0.57, and 1.28±0.49 respectively and the change was statistically significant (p=0.01). The mean gingival score before and after intervention was 1.23±0.67 and 0.31±0.49 respectively and the change was also statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Children who attended private schools had better Plaque and Gingival scores than those who attended public schools. Supervised school tooth brushing program improved the plaque and gingival scores of rural primary school children in the study population.

Authors

S P Ozoemena 1, N K Onyejaka 2, E F Ani 1, O F Eboh 3, E O Odo 4
Implikasi Dana Pihak Ketiga, Kredit, dan Non Performing Loan Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank IV
Authors: IKPIA Perbanas Hasfa Latifa , IKPIA Perbanas Mustanwir Zuhri
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dana pihak ketiga, pemberian kredit, dan non performing loan terhadap profitabilitas bank BUKU IV. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa laporan keuangan yang berada di website resmi Bursa Efek Indonesia dan publikasi dari masing-masing perusahaan sampel. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan total sebanyak 10 bank. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi data panel dengan bantuan program aplikasi Eviews. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dana pihak ketiga dan pemberian kredit berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas bank sedangkan non performing loan tidak berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas bank
Social Media Celebrities as Digital Media Entrepreneurs: capturing an Emergent Phenomenon
Authors:   Macromedia University of Applied Sciences, Germany, Kolo Castulus
Published: July 2022

Previously unknown online users posting videos have recently achieved a kind of stardom. Such “Social Media Celebrities” (SMC) are “influencers” impacting on content consumption as well as on purchase decisions. By producing new types of content based on their creativity and monetizing it via social media platforms in innovative ways, they also became digital media entrepreneurs. This explorative study draws from global audience data as well as from video content in international comparison and a representative survey on gratifications sought by its consumption and quality criteria is applied. The findings suggest that a perceived quality is based on the celebrities’ credibility and the sympathy that users feel for them, with gratifications sought much like for traditional media. Users are aware that advertising is an integral part of the content, leading to stronger affiliation of them with SMCs and brands alike, providing challenges and opportunities for users themselves but also for the incumbent media.
Tahapan Perkembangan Kota Makassar menuju Smart City Tahun 2015-2020
Authors: Aziz Mochamad Asryl , Achmad Djunaedi
Published: July 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk Mendeskripsikan tahapan Perkembangan Kota Makassar menuju Smart city dan Mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tahapan perkembangan Kota Makassar menuju Smart City. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metodologi studi kasus berdasarkan proposisi teoritis dan pendekatan-pendekatan deskriptif terhadap kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tahapan perkembangan kota makassar menuju smart city terdiri atas tiga tahap yaitu Tahap Persiapan, Perencanaan dan Implementasi dan tahapan perkembangan kota makassar dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor internal dan eksternal, factor internal terdiri dari 11 faktor internal dan 4 faktor eksternal.
Perancangan Usulan Desain Kemasan Produk “Macaroni Ngehe” dengan Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Authors: Mustikasari Anita
Published: July 2022

Makaroni Ngehe adalah salah satu produsen makaroni siap makan terkenal di Yogyakarta. Terdapat level kepedasan yang disajikan berdasarkan request konsumen. Makaroni ngehe kini dikemas menggunakan plastik transparan dengan desain yang minimalis serta terdapat informasi tentang produknya pada kemasan yang masih minim. Untuk itu penelitian ini ditujukan agar membenahi kekurangan yang ada pada produk Makaroni Ngehe menggunakan metode Quality Function Deployment (QFD). Pengambilan sample dilakukan dengan metode wawancara dan survey kuesioner. Rekomendasi yang berdasarkan usulan dibagi menjadi tiga jenis yaitu informasi produk, desain kemasan, kualitas kemasan.
Strategi Pemasaran Pedagang Pasar Tradisional Megaluh Jombang dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Andriani Ufitrotul , Amalia Nur Hidayati  , Muhammad Alhada Fuadilah Habib
Published: July 2022

Pandemi Covid-19 mengakibatkan berbagai sektor ekonomi mengalami dampak negatif seperti penurunan penjualan dan penurunan produktivitas. Pasar Tradisional Megaluh merupakan sumber utama ekonomi masyarakat Desa Megaluh yang mengalami penurunan pendapatan yang signifikan sejak tahun 2020 hingga pertengahan tahun 2021. Untuk memulihkan volume penjualan, dibutuhkan strategi khusus terutama dibidang marketing. Berdasarkan teori marketing mix 7P, strategi yang bisa dilakukan adalah strategi 6P yaitu meningkatkan kualitas produk. Memberi penyesuain harga dengan promo, memberi desain tempat yang nyaman dan bersih, promosi sesame pedagang dan media sosial, meningkatkan SDM dengan memberikan penyuluhan usaha sukses untuk para pedagang, melakukan proses yang mumpuni dan dan pelayanan aman mulai dari penyediaan produk hingga penjualan. Riset ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis strategi yang dilakukan oleh Pasar Tradisional Megaluh dalam mengembalikan tingkat penjualannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan sumber data diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara dan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan riset yang telah dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa Pasar Tradisional Megaluh berhasil meningkatkan penjualan dengan menggunakan strategi marketing mix yaitu: (1) Meningkatkan kualitas produk, (2) menyesuaikan harga dengan memberi promo, (3) mendesain tampat menjadi lebih bersih dan nyaman, (4)promosi lewat bantuan sesama pedagang dan juga media social, (5) memberikan penyuluhaan tentang bisnis kepada SDM yang tersedia di Pasar Tradisional Megaluh, (6) melakukan proses yang rinci dan tepat mulai dari menyediakan produk, meningkatkan kualitas produk hingga penjualan.
O aprendizado de libras na saúde durante o período pandêmico: um relato de experiência
Authors: Minante Beatriz Izilda , Fortunato Isadora Minuncio , Pires Julia da Palma , Castro Samara Cristina de , Varella Soraya , Quagliato Fábio Franchi
Published: July 2022

Introdução: Historicamente, a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras) enfrenta obstáculos para ganhar visibilidade. No âmbito da saúde, as dificuldades existentes se tornam ainda mais acentuadas devido ao desconhecimento dos profissionais e à falta de uma formação inclusiva, decorrente da ausência do ensino da Libras na vida acadêmica. Dessa forma, muitos surdos deixam de frequentar as unidades de saúde, ou quando as frequentam, saem descontentes com o serviço que lhes foi prestado. Objetivo: O presente relato de experiência descreve a realização do minicurso de Libras para os discentes do curso de medicina do Centro Universitário Barão de Mauá em 2021, e a percepção dos seus organizadores. Metodologia: Foram realizadas aulas de Libras online, devido ao período de pandemia de COVID-19, totalizando a carga horária de 30 horas. Resultados: O curso, com o intuito de diminuir a exclusão dos surdos no acesso à saúde, propiciou para os participantes, além do aprendizado de Libras, maior conhecimento sobre a vivência do surdo na sociedade e as suas necessidades. Conclusão: Essa iniciativa contribuiu para uma formação mais inclusiva do estudante de medicina, reduzindo a vulnerabilidade dessa população.
Direitos humanos e políticas públicas de saúde para populações específicas
Authors: Machado Vanessa Cristina
Published: July 2022

Os direitos humanos, consolidados constitucionalmente, implicam a garantia de acesso as políticas públicas sociais, como à saúde. Em função dos marcadores sociais de diferenças – incluindo raça/cor, etnia, gênero, orientação sexual, posição geracional e classe, grupos minoritários encontram barreiras ao seu direito à saúde. Considerando que aspectos étnico-raciais, de gênero e socioeconômicos influenciam o modo de nascer, viver, adoecer e morrer das pessoas, o objetivo deste trabalho é discutir os impactos do reconhecimento da saúde como direito humano fundamental a ser assegurado pelo poder público, apresentar traços singulares de grupos minoritários, as doenças prevalentes, bem como as políticas públicas de saúde formuladas para responder as necessidades de saúde desses grupos. Assim, foram descritas as características singulares de populações específicas - negros, indígenas, mulheres, LGBTQIA+, encarcerados e pessoas em situação de rua – que tornam esses grupos mais vulneráveis a algumas doenças. A partir do reconhecimento dessa implicação nas condições de saúde, foram expostas as políticas afirmativas de saúde que buscam a equidade do acesso a ações de promoção, prevenção, atenção, tratamento e recuperação para cada um dos grupos populacionais especificados. Assim, as políticas públicas de saúde específicas visam reparar a desigualdade no acesso ao direito fundamental à saúde, bem como contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma sociedade diversa e justa.

Palavras-chave: direitos humanos, políticas públicas de saúde, grupos minoritários.
Rendimento acadêmico de discentes de enfermagem de uma instituição federal de ensino superior
Authors: Santana Nóbrega Joyce Rafaele , Samara Lira da Silva Marcela , Ribeiro Pessoa Simões Deysiane , Cristina Carvalho de Brito Santos Nathanielly , Brito Nunes Waleska de , Andrade Luciana Dantas Farias de
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Conhecer a opinião de discentes de enfermagem sobre o rendimento acadêmico no contexto universitário. Método: Estudo exploratório-descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, ancorado metodologicamente no Materialismo Histórico e Dialético. Houve realização de entrevistas mediadas por um roteiro semiestruturado cuja amostra foi constituída por estudantes do Curso de Bacharelado em Enfermagem, escolhidos por disponibilidade até a saturação das informações. O material empírico foi submetido ao software Iramuteq para análise pela técnica de análise de discurso. Devido pandemia por COVID-19, foram adotadas uma série de cuidados para realização da coleta de material empírico, além da atenção constante às prerrogativas das autoridades sanitárias nacionais e internacionais. Resultados: A análise de discurso permitiu a depreensão de duas categorias empíricas “Relação entre rendimento acadêmico, avaliação e notas” em que foi possível elucidar a importância da nota como reflexo de um bom rendimento acadêmico e “Questões familiares” apontando que o contexto familiar apresenta influência significativa no rendimento acadêmico dos entrevistados. Conclusão: Percebe-se forte defesa da nota como aspecto determinante para um bom rendimento acadêmico, apesar de ser uma forma de avaliação que converge para uma prática não-emancipatória e que é constantemente discutida em espaços acadêmicos diversos. O rendimento acadêmico sofre diversas influências externas e internas ao ambiente universitário e as relações familiares conflituosas foram apontadas como aspectos determinantes em momentos desafiadores da trajetória do aluno, por isso, faz-se importante o apoio profissional de psicólogos e pedagogos, além da rede de apoio de amigos, familiares e professores.
The Relationship of Nurse Therapeutic Communication with Anxiety among Rheumatoid Patients
Authors: Gunawan Asep , Salsabilla Nadya , Fajriah Fitriani , Intansari Nurshofi , Haryani  , Noor Sofia Maulidah , Nuraida Noneng , Cahyadi Kurniawan Ikna
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study uses a descriptive correlational quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach to determine whether there is a relationship between therapeutic communication and anxiety in rheumatic patients at the Jatinagara Health Center.
Method: This study uses a descriptive correlational quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach to determine whether there is a relationship between therapeutic communication and anxiety in rheumatic patients at the Jatinagara Health Center. The population in this study were rheumatism sufferers as many as 119 people in the Jatinagara Health Center area using accidental sampling technique with a sample of 31 people. This study uses primary data or data obtained directly from the object of research by distributing anxiety questionnaires, namely Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety (HARS) and therapeutic communication questionnaires which were analyzed using statistical analysis applications, namely SPSS for windows with Chi-Square test.
Result: The results of the study obtained respondents who obtained the following results from 31 respondents who received good therapeutic communication, namely 19 respondents (61.3%) and those who received poor communication were as many as 12 respondents (38.7%). Of the 19 respondents who received therapeutic communication (61.3%) of them there was no anxiety as many as 11 people (57.9%) and of the 12 respondents who received poor therapeutic communication, there were 3 respondents (25.0) who had severe anxiety. Based on table 2.4, the chi-square results show p-value = 0.081 > (0.05).
Conclusion: based on research that has been done the results obtained show that the relationship between therapeutic communication and anxiety in rheumatic patients at the Jatinagara community health center is not effective.
Mekan di Romanên Kurdî yên Sovyetê de: Mînakên Fîncana Ferfûrî û Xatê Xanim
Authors: ENÇ Bahar
Published: July 2022

Wek hêmaneke bingehîn a romanê, mekan ji bo honandina romanê rolek mezin dilîze. Di romanê de mekan ne tenê ew cih e ku bûyer lê diqewime. Ji bilî vê, fonksyonên din yên mekanê hene. Wisa ku mekan bandoreke mezin li ser leheng û bûyerên romanê çêdike û di derbarê civak, aborî û takekesîya lehengan de xwîneran agahdar dike. Bi vî awayî xwîner dikare şîroveyan li ser romanê bike û bi teswîra mekanan dikare bikeve nava jiyana lehengan. Li gorî cureya romanê, mekanên hatine hilbijartin jî di romanan de diguherin. Ji bo destpêka romana kurdî Edebîyata Kurdî ya Sovyetê xwedî cihekî pîledar e. Lewre romana ewil li vir derdikeve û ew romanên li wir afirîne xwe dispêrin jîyana rastî. Bi vî awayî di wan romanan de mekan mekanên rastî ne û di derbarê wan mekanan de nivîskar gelek agahîyan didin. Ji ber vê yekê di vê xebatê de em ê li ser du romanên Kurdî yê êwra Kavkazê rawestin. Em ê van her du romanan ji aliyê bikaranîna hêmana mekanê ve binirxînin û em ê ji alîyê bikaranîna hêmana mekanê ve berawirdîya her du romanan bikin. Romanên ji bo xebatê hatine hilbijartin; Xatê Xanim a Elîyê Evdilrehman û Fincana Ferfûrî ya Ezîzê Gerdenzerî ye.
Academic Writing Problems in L2 Settings: Realities and Need for Intervention
Authors: Al-Khulaidi Mohammed Ali , Mona Mohammed Abdulkhalek
Published: July 2022

Building on evidence from prior research, this literature review focuses on academic writing problems in ESL /EFL contexts, bringing to the fore emerging approaches to academic writing and calling for a shift from writing across the curriculum program to writing in specialized centers to propagate the integration of writing rather than some fixed tasks throughout the curriculum. For the study purpose, a theoretical-based descriptive thematic procedure was adopted, while at the same time providing pedagogical implications for automated writing and evaluation. As aside, instituting multimodal composition that fully engages all senses connects the linguistic and non-linguistic (semiotic) dimension of meaning-making. It enhances written fluency and liberates learners from getting bogged down in grammatical flaws and beyond alphabetic literacy. Given the situation in the local Yemeni EFL context, the current review highlights that writing would remain in a state of limbo unless it is coupled with a timely intervention addressing the problems of writing from school to university in light of these refinements. 
Keywords: Academic Writing (AW), Problems, ESL, EFL, corrective Intervention
Acoustic Account of Prosodic Competence through Shadowing
Authors: Alkadi Abdu M. , Nageeb Al Maktary Mayada
Published: July 2022

Adopting an acoustic framework, this experimental study elucidates the effect of shadowing technique on prosodic competence of learners of English whose L1 (Arabic) and English have quite dissimilar phonological systems. It is appertained to prosodic aspects such as pauses, stress, and sound length that cause challenges to non-English native speakers. Two individuals of heterogeneous linguistic background participated in a pre-test and a post-test before and after five weeks of shadowing sessions. The data was analyzed acoustically using Praat Software. Findings showed that the participant with the elementary level outperformed the other participant whose level was intermediate, partially because the former was highly motivated to improve her English. The study concluded that shadowing per se is no way a panacea for improving supra-segmental features unless it is coupled with a motivation to do so, regardless of the level of proficiency.
Keywords: Pauses, Pronunciation, Prosody, Shadowing, Supra-segmental Features
Design and Construct of an Elevator Demonstration Device
Authors: Angkawijaya Steven Eurwyn , Riman Anthony , Rahayu Priskila Christine , Soewono Effendi
Published: July 2022

In recent years, a new disease emerged and took the world by storm. The COVID-19 pandemic forced everyone to change their lifestyles. Necessary measures were taken to curb its spread. An example of such a measure, in Indonesia was the replacement of pushbuttons in elevators with proximity sensors. Nevertheless, due to its public nature, it was observed that eventually these sensors came into direct contact with a lot of individuals, and thus it became the very thing it was meant to prevent. In this research, a miniature elevator was constructed. It was designed to be accessible to individual smartphones via mobile Wi-Fi. It is hoped that this could further limit contact only to personal smartphones. As an additional feature, the device was also designed to be capable of energy recovery to raise environmental awareness during the global focus on the pandemic. It was calculated and measured that energy recovery up to 75% was possible.
Country Classifications Through a COVID-19 Pandemic Model with Dynamic Parameters and Socioeconomics Indicators
Authors: Margaretha Helena , Himawan Jessica Cheryl , Ferdinand Ferry Vincenttius , Dikson Dikson
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 is a contagious disease that is spreading rapidly to all countries in the world. Data shows that the progression of the disease is different from one country to another. The dynamic of new cases and death are influenced by rules that restrict human interaction, the quality of healthcare services, and the complexity of human behaviors. This paper aims to show how socio-economic factors contribute to the patterns of the pandemic in various countries. The analysis was done for two periods, reflecting two earlier phases of the pandemic: the first six months and the next six months afterward. The results provide helpful lesson-learned for regional and global policymakers to be better prepared with better policies in case of future pandemics. The analysis is done as follows. Firstly, we classify the countries based on the biweekly series of the infection parameter (????) and the recovery one (γ). Both parameters are estimated from the COVID-19 data by using the SIR (Susceptible, Infectious, Recovered) model.  Secondly, we classify the countries based on the ???? and γ parameters or the combinations of socio-economic indicators. The chosen indicators are the Economic Complexity Index (ECI), the Compliance Risk Index (CRI), the Anti-Money Laundering (AML) index, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per Capita, and School Enrollment. The indices reflect the economic condition, safeness, education, and obedience to the government. For the first six-month phase of the pandemic, we choose 29 countries, and for the second phase, we choose 34 countries. The chosen countries are the ones that rank highest in terms of COVID-19 testing. Our analysis shows how countries are classified based on the pattern of COVID-19 progression and which indices are the most relevant for each cluster.
Fruit Wine Characteristics with Variety of Banana Type along with Banana and Water Ratio
Authors: Kurniawan Reynaldi , Mastuti Titri Siratantri
Published: July 2022

Banana is a fruit that can be used as a source of energy and vitamin content. However, bananas have a fast rate of damage and are easy to change after being harvested. Producing banana wine by fermentation may help to lower crop loss. This research aims to make a banana wine with various types of bananas along with banana and water ratios. Banana wines made of yellow Kepok banana (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana) and Mas banana (Musa acuminata Colla) were produced using a variety ratio of bananas and water of 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4. Total soluble solids, pH value, total titratable acidity, alcohol content, clarity, lightness, and color were then analyzed along with the organoleptic test which consist of scoring and hedonic test. The best banana wine was made from yellow Kepok banana with a ratio of bananas and water of 1:3. It has a pH value of 3,29±0,05, a total soluble solid of 9,26±0,05 °Brix, a total titratable acidity of 0,80±0,04%, alcohol content of 10,03±0,00%, a clarity of 90,08±0,43%, has a bright color of 53,64±0,70, and yellow color with a °Hue value of 119,01±7,76. Based on the scoring test, the best wine has a higher scoring value on the taste of the wine and a higher aroma of alcohol. On the hedonic taste, the best wine has a preferred hedonic color value and there is no difference in preference for alcohol aroma and wine taste.
Wearable and implantable biomedical sensors
Authors: French Paddy
Published: July 2022

Microsystem technology has brought about a rapid development in both implants and wearable systems. In the case of implants, miniaturisation has been an important factor in expanding the applications. Compact devices can be implanted in the body for monitoring for both short and long periods. In the case of wearables, flexibility is often the main factor, although, if the device is small enough this may not be a problem. However, the ability to make devices flexible has led to many new devices, including patches to monitor vital signs. Silicon is not considered a flexible material, although when thin enough it does become flexible. Alternatively, other materials, such as polymers can be used, in combination with silicon technology to make truly flexible devices which mould to the shape of the body. Such techniques can also be valuable for implants, where monitoring devices can mould to an organ or around blood vessels or nerves. This paper looks a number of examples of devices developed for wearables and implants.
LoRa sensor database in offline scenario
Authors: Yudho Satrio
Published: July 2022

One of the key success factors in implementing sensor towards internet of thing is database accessibility. Integrating data will be easier to run as the adequacy of internet connection. However, in the case of isolated area, need to consider a database system which able to perform data store and processing. This paper presents an implementation of Database system in the Local Network within Long-Range radio communication
KAVALALI VE OSMANLI MISIR MESELESİ
Authors: KARABACAK Fatma
Published: July 2022

Osmanlı Devleti 17. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından sonra yaşadığı II. Viyana hezimetinin ardından, Yeniçeri Ocağı’nın tutum ve davranışı gibi sebeplerle iç kırılma yaşamaya başlamıştır. Bu kırılmalardan bağımsız olarak Avrupa’da da, Fransız İhtilali’nin getirmiş olduğu değişimler mevcuttur. Osmanlı Devleti de bu değişim ve gelişmelerden etkilenmiştir ve bunun sonucunda Avrupa’yı yakından takip etmeye, anlamaya ve hatta ilerleyen süreçlerde, Avrupa’yı örnek almaya başlamışlardır. Avrupa Devletleri, bu süreçte, Osmanlı Devleti üzerinde uygulamak istediği hususları yürürlüğe koymuştur. 19. yüzyılda Osmanlı Devleti’nin, merkezileşmeye çalıştığı bir dönemde, milliyetçilik düşüncesiyle çıkan isyanlar ve Mısır valisi Mehmet Ali Paşa sorununda vuku bulmuştur. Neticede Osmanlı iç işlerine müdahil olan Avrupalı devletleri ile girişilen ilişkiler sonucunda Kütahya Antlaşması(14 Mayıs 1833), Hünkâr İskelesi Antlaşması(8 Temmuz 1833), Balta Limanı Antlaşması(16 Ağustos 1838), Londra Konferansı(15 Temmuz 1840) gibi önemli antlaşmalar sonucunda Osmanlı-Mısır iç sorunu, bir dış sorun olarak halledilmiştir. Bu antlaşmalar sonucunda ise, Mısır eyaletinde, babadan oğula geçmeye başlayan bir saltanat süreci başlamıştır. Mısır eyaleti imtiyazlı bir eyalet olarak uzun bir süre varlığını devam ettirmiştir
Zeit-Raum Analyse des Studiums
Authors: Mundt Fabian
Published: July 2022

How can social time-spaces be considered and explored? Based on this question and in a first step, this book theoretically formulates and methodologically reflects on the conceptual foundations of the social connection between time and space, drawing on the idea of phenomenotechnics. In a second step, it applies these conceptual foundations by means of an exemplary analysis of student time-space constellations. For this purpose, it uses an innovative combination of quantitative geometric and qualitative cartographic approaches, which not only makes dominant temporal–spatial patterns and their backgrounds visible, but also opens up new research perspectives in higher education.
Geschlechterkonstruktionen im Abenteuerroman
Authors: Panke-Kochinke Birgit
Published: July 2022

A literary sociological analysis of adventure stories in which female protagonists play a leading role provides an insight into gender constructions, as designed in the field of pulp fiction at the end of the 20th century. It also reveals the world view that is hidden behind the backdrop to such adventures: taking up the fight against evil and the uncanny using all means allows good to triumph. The polarisation of gender characters in these tales thus corresponds to the polarisation of the moral foundations of society.

This study is part of a research series by the author which is dedicated to the reconstruction of key characteristics of pulp fiction literature that is effective in the mass media.
Spectroscopy and Spectrophotometry: Principles and Applications for Colorimetric and Related Other Analysis
Authors: Dadi Murali , Yasir Mohd
Published: July 2022

Spectrophotometry and different types of spectroscopy are the technique that involved in identifying and quantifying the amount of a known substance in an unknown medium. Spectroscopy is the most convenient method for analysis of unknown samples both qualitatively and quantitatively with a good percentage of accuracy. Different types of spectroscopic and spectrophotometric techniques are very helpful in analyzing the samples even at sub-ppm level particularly in the field of scientific research. These techniques based on the simple principle that the amount of specific radiation i.e. ray or light (photon) absorbed or reflected by the sample relative to the intensity of the incident ray/light at a particular wavelength. These techniques are using, for analyzing purity, % content in mixture, type of reactions/chemical interactions occur/absorption or reflectance of color for a colored substances/solutions are detectable and quantitatively determinable quantitative determination. Most of the scientists have been using different spectroscopic and spectrophotometric techniques like Infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence and UV VIS spectrophotometry etc., which are playing an important role in the identification and characterization of substances, apart from this the atomic absorption spectroscopy and atomic emission spectroscopy are also being used for quantitative measurement of different substances or elements.
Promoting Sustainable Development of Cities Using Urban Legislation in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Emmanuel Kasimbazi
Published: July 2022

African countries have been urged to reform their urban policies, practices and laws in order to turn urban areas such as cities and towns into more effective engines of economic growth and play a central role in economic transformation and national development. This chapter examines how urban legislationpromotes sustainable development cities in Africa. Specifically, it discusses the characteristics of cities in sub-Saharan Africa, reviews international legal and policy framework for urban governance and analyses how urban legislation addresses sustainable development aspects in four Africa cities namely: Addis Ababa, Accra, Kampala and Johannesburg.
Autonomous Update of a Dataset for Anomaly Detection Services in Elderly Care Smart House
Authors: Nchena Linos , Tomášek Martin
Published: July 2022

This work proposes a smart system that could be useful in the delivery of elderly care services. Elderly care is a set of services that are provided to senior citizens to help them have a more comfortable and independent life which would not be possible without these services. This proposed system is unique in that it combines the detection algorithm with the automatic update of the dataset. It also uses a heuristic mechanism to reduce false detections. This is on the premise that the AI effort is good, but it could be made better with the inclusion of heuristics. Fall detection accuracy is initially solved by the first classifier, then another classifier evaluates the result with inferences before evoking an alarm. It checks the location of the subject to use in its inferences. Hence the smart house design consists of two machine learning systems. One system performs human activity classification while the other performs fall occurrence detection. Of the eight different classification methods utilized, XGBoost was most accurate with an average of 97.65% during training. A customized dataset is then generated with newly labeled data hence improving system performance.