bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
5% Albumin compared with Balanced Crystalloid, as intravenous fluid resuscitation in adult patients with sepsis, presenting as an emergency to hospital: Statistical Analysis Plan for the randomised controlled feasibility study, “ABC-Sepsis” v1
Authors: Pollock Roz
Published: October 2022

ABC Sepsis is a multi-centre feasibility trial comparing 5% human albumin solution (HAS) with standard of care (balanced crystalloid) as the sole early intravenous resuscitation fluid in adult patients presenting with suspected community acquired sepsis to the emergency department in 15 UK hospitals. This randomised controlled trial recruited 300 participants within 12 hours of presentation, with a National Early Warning Score ≥5 and a clinical diagnosis of community acquired infection. The primary objectives are feasibility of recruitment to the trial and 30-day mortality between groups. Secondary objectives include in-hospital and 90-day mortality, adherence to trial protocol, quality of life measurements and secondary care costs. This trial looks to determine the feasibility of conducting a trial to address the current uncertainty around fluid resuscitation of patients with suspected sepsis with the aim of conducting a larger definitive study in this area. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov reference: NCT04540094
Determining MLST allele sequences in novel STs v1
Authors: Shamanna Varun
Published: October 2022

Steps required to determine Novel allele sequence of MLST from the assembly files using MLSTaR R package
Midbrain astrocyte and co-culture v1
Authors: not provided gustavo.parfitt
Published: October 2022

Midbrain astrocyte and co-culture for mix-genetic experiments.
OT-2 PCR sample preparation protocol v1
Authors: Mariya Anhel Ana
Published: October 2022

This protocol is meant to perform samples preparation of PCR plates for several primer sets to the same samples, i.e, we will have for all the selected samples (we can set the initial well and number of samples) of all source plates the master mix with different primer sets (combination of primers, water and polymerase mix) in the final plates. The instructions for running this protocol are a python script for an Opentrons 2 robot and need a csv file with several variables setted making the protocol modular to reactives, volumes of transfer, type of plates, number of primers per set, etc. In our laboratory, this protocol has been used as part of the "High-throughput workflow for the genotypic characterization of transposon library variants" also available in protocols.io to prepare PCR samples
A cross-sectional study of the antibiotic resistant prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Vietnam
Authors: Do Tran Hung , Trung Nguyen Binh , Quang Tran Hien , Gia Tran Hung
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) is increasing. Accurate evaluation of antibiotic resistance rates in various categories of bacteria assists medical physicians in recommending suitable indications for their medical problems, improving treatment efficiency, and minimizing dangers for patients. As a result, we undertook this research to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae as well as the rate of antibiotic resistance in ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2716 patients at the An Giang Central General Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021. Data collection was based on interviews and used SPSS 18.0 and GraphPad Prism 9 for data analysis and presentation. Samples included urine, blood, sputum, and pus. Samples were treated with the Phoenix 100 automated machine to separate and identify samples.
Results: The highest rate was 64.8% for Escherichia coli, followed by 30.2% for Klebsiella pneumoniae. Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella oxytoca were found in 4.5% and 0.6% of the samples, respectively. Ampicillin resistance was greatest in E. coli (96.5%), K. pneumonia (92.4%), and K oxytoca (83.3%). The frequency of resistance to the other antibiotics was likewise extremely high, approaching 60%. Tobramycin, Amoxicillin/Clavulanate, Cefoxitin, and Nitrofurantoin were totally resistant to K. oxytoca in the ESBL-producing group. E. coli and K. pneumoniae with ESBL-producing genes also have a high antibiotic resistance rate of more than 50%.
Conclusion: E. coli was the most common pathogenic bacteria. Most of the species of bacteria resisted Ampicillin.
Reliability of and Correlation Among Electromyographic Normalization Procedures for Biceps Brachii Muscle: A Comparison of Maximal and Submaximal Isometric Voluntary Contractions
Authors: ARPINAR AVSAR Pınar , ÇELİK Hüseyin
Published: October 2022

Normalization of surface electromyography (sEMG) signal amplitude is considered as a necessary operation to enable comparable data on different muscles, individuals, and sessions. Previous studies usually suggested using the maximal contraction normalization procedure. However, that procedure might not always be possible or the best method in some sEMG studies. The purpose of this study is therefore twofold. The first is to investigate reliability of two different constant load normalization procedures (with and without feedback) at different constant-force submaximal contractions. The second is to investigate correlation of normalization factors obtained from maximal voluntary and standardized submaximal tasks. 18 young healthy participants took part in the study. Subjects performed three muscle contraction tasks, namely, (i) maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) task: isometric maximal contraction of biceps brachii muscle, (ii) force matching task (FM): matching 2.5 kg, 5.0 kg, 7.5 kg and 10.0 kg force with visual feedback, and (iii) load holding (LH) task: holding 2.5 kg, 5.0 kg, 7.5 kg and 10.0 kg weights without visual feedback. sEMG amplitude normalization factors were examined for three tasks. The results of the study suggested that the reliability of sEMG amplitude normalization factors from FM and LH tasks for four target forces or loads were high (intraclass correlation (ICC): 0.863-0.958) to very high (ICC: 0.970-0.995). Due to some limitations of the MVC maximal contraction normalization procedure, normalization to the maximal might not always be possible or the best method for some sEMG studies. In such cases, submaximal isometric load holding tasks could be an alternative to the MVC task for biceps brachii muscle.
Social Welfare and Poverty Reduction Activities of NGOs in Bangladesh: An Empirical Study
Authors: Sultana Shirin , Uddin Md. Nasim
Published: October 2022

Bangladesh is both a developing nation and a medium-sized economic power. It is among the eleven market-based middle-income countries with the fastest expanding economies. It is the forty-second market-based economy on the planet in nominal terms and the thirty-first largest by purchasing power parity. According to the IMF, Bangladesh's economy is the second biggest country on an upswing in 2016, with an annual rate of 7.1%. Since the early 2000s, Bangladesh's poverty has unexpectedly decreased, accelerating economic growth. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) actively contribute to the decline of extreme poverty in our nation. NGOs engaged in some charitable work and improved social welfare. This study's primary goal is to show how NGOs and their initiatives affect Bangladesh's social welfare and poverty reduction. Researchers have used primary and secondary data and powerful statistical tools to assess pertinent data to accomplish these goals. From the researchers' observations, data analysis, and findings, it is clear that NGO programs significantly promote social welfare and reduce poverty in Bangladesh.
FOMO, YOLO VE JOMO SOSYAL MEDYA HASTALIKLARININ TÜKETİM BAĞLAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ ÜZERİNE LİTERATÜR TARAMASI
Authors: AYDIN Hatice
Published: October 2022

Tüketicilerin sosyal medya ile sürekli bir arada olma istekleri, başkalarının yaptıklarını kaçırma kaygısını beraberinde getirmektedir. Pandemi öncesi dönemde yaygın bir anlayış olan FoMO hastalığı, pandemi sonrası dönemde de internetin hayatımızın her anında yer alması ile beraber sosyal medya hastalıkları olarak ifade edilebilen daha birçok kavramı da ortaya çıkarmıştır. Henüz olgunlaşma aşamasında olan bu kavramlar özellikle YOLO ve JOMO şeklinde hayatımızda yer almış ve tüketim davranışlarımıza yansımıştır. Fomo kavramı, özellikle pandemi öncesi dönemde çok popüler olmakla birlikte pandemi döneminde tüketicilerde hissedilen başka kavramlarla da anılmakta ve merak konusu olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada amaç, bu yaşam şekillerini ya da sosyal medya hastalıklarını kavramsal olarak açıklamak ve tüketim literatüründeki yerine değinmektir. Literatür taraması sonucunda, işletmeler ve gelecekte yapılacak olan çalışmalar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur. Nispeten yeni bir literatüre sahip olan bu kavramların incelenmesi, gelecek çalışmalara ışık tutacaktır.
Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy and its therapeutic response to treatment: a retrospective audit in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Jack Mooi Zhen , Hui Tan Jia , Ariffin Nurul Alya Binti Che , Mun Ooi Shie , Nagandla Kavitha , Idris Nazimah
Published: October 2022

Background: Iron deficiency anemia is the commonest type of nutritional anemia seen during pregnancy. Despite implementing oral iron prophylaxis in pregnancy, IDA in pregnant women constitute a major health problem. The present study aims to look at the prevalence of IDA in a pregnant population in Seremban, Malaysia and their response to treatment.Methods: This is a retrospective study looking into the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among pregnant women who delivered between October 2019 to March 2020 in a state hospital in Seremban, Malaysia and their response to treatment. Main outcome measures were the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia, associated demographic and clinical factors and response to iron therapy. Results: About 920 patients’ records were included for analysis. The prevalence of anaemia in this cohort was 42.8% (N=394).  The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was 31.5% (N=124) among the anemic patients or 13.5% of the studied population. The mean hemoglobin level for this group was 10.0±0.74 g/dl (6.8-10.9 g/dl) and majority had mild anemia (91.9%, N=114). 68.5% IDA patients were successfully treated by 36 weeks pregnancy. Of the remaining 39 patients who were still anemic, 37 (94.9%) had mild anemia with mean hemoglobin level of 10.3g/dl (SD 0.48, range 9.0-10.9 g/dl). Conclusion: Current treatment strategy is inadequate to achieve the set national target. There is a role for an early recourse to parenteral iron therapy to improve treatment outcome.
An interesting case of COVID induced multi system inflammatory syndrome
Authors: Surya G. S. Sanjay , Venugopalan Priya , Hanumanram Gowtham , Mithra Deepthi , A. Gowrishankar
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 derives from infection with Coronavirus [severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2] is associated with high morbidity and mortality. These hazardous impacts are due to the release of a storm of pro-inflammatory cytokines and thrombogenic agents. Increasing evidences about multi organ involvement in COVID infection have started pouring in, where patients who either recovered from or had mild symptoms after COVID-19, exhibit diffuse multi organ related symptoms. We describe a case of a 23-year-old male who presented to emergency room with intermittent high-grade fever, sudden onset of breathlessness, giddiness and weakness. His COVID RTPCR was negative. He was unvaccinated but his covid antibodies were increased multifold. Further examination revealed active multi organ involvement which suggestive for multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS). With appropriate diagnosis and treatment patient improved clinically over a course of 3 weeks and discharged and is under regular follow up.
A rare young case of Foix Chavany Marie syndrome
Authors: Rangarajan Shreenidhi , Sivasamy Manoj , S. Prasanna Karthik , M. Jagadeesan , Indiran Mari Raj
Published: October 2022

Foix Chavany Marie syndrome, also called as bilateral opercular syndrome (OPS) was first described in 1837 by Magnus and further defined by Foix, Chavany and Marie in 1926 after whom it was named so. Here, we present a case of 37-year-old female, with known recurrent CVA who presented with sudden onset aphasia, dysphagia and difficulty in opening and closing her mouth and drooling of saliva. On imaging, patient was found to have ischemia of bilateral operculum.
A rare case of hepatolenticular degeneration with double panda sign on imaging
Authors: Dadu Fahad Mohammedamin , Kumar Sathish , Kumar Ram , Kumar Magesh
Published: October 2022

Wilson's disease is an inborn error of copper metabolism that is characterized by deficiency of ceruloplasmin, the serum transport protein for copper. Copper is collected in the liver, and after hepatic binding sites are saturated, it is released. Systemic disease then develops and there is abnormal accumulation of copper in the brain, particularly in the putamen and globus pallidus. Presenting this case of a 32-year-old male patient who presented with peculiar features for Wilson’s disease.
Emissions, puffing topography, mouth level exposure and consumption among Japanese users of tobacco heated products
Authors: Prasad Krishna , Gray Adam , Edward Lauren , Goss Carol
Published: October 2022

Background: Tobacco heating products (THPs), which heat rather than burn tobacco, have been demonstrated by a number of studies to produce an aerosol with substantially lower levels of toxicants and reduced cytotoxicity relative to cigarette smoke. As they evolve in design and function, however, it is important to verify that variant THPs maintain sufficient equivalence to the original product if we are to leverage existing foundational datasets. Recent studies suggest that a bridging approach, in which a variant is shown to be comparable to the original product on which a large foundational dataset has been generated, might be used to ensure that the same product-related claims apply.

Methods: In this study, emissions and consumer behaviour were assessed for two variants of gloTM THPs: an extensively tested gloTM type 1 (glo 2.0), and gloTM type 3 (glo hyper) in base and boost modes. Emissions testing was conducted by measuring the percentage reduction of TobReg9 toxicants, relative to a 1R6F reference cigarette.

Results: Consumer behaviour, including puffing topography, average daily consumption (ADC) and mouth level exposure (MLE) to NFDPM and nicotine was measured among 63 regular gloTM users in Tokyo, Japan. Emissions testing showed a substantial reduction in TobReg9 toxicants compared to the reference cigarette (95.5-97.3%), whilst there were no substantial differences in the ADC, puffing behaviour or MLE among the three THPs.

Conclusions: Emissions analysis based on TobReg9 toxicants and consumer behaviour data provide evidence that the gloTM type 3 is comparable to gloTM type 1, indicating the possibility of using a bridging approach for the analysis of variant THPs based on use behaviour alone.
A rare presentation of Intralaryngeal Schwannoma and the study of 50 cases of intralaryngeal Schwannoma from the literature
Authors: Prasad K. U. Raghavendra , Doreswamy Shreyanka M. , Ramanaik Manohar S.
Published: October 2022

Background: Laryngeal schwannoma is a rare, slow-growing, benign neurogenic tumour usually located in the aryepiglottic folds. The aim is to report a rare case of laryngeal schwannoma and to review 50 cases of a similar entity from the literature in terms of age, sex, presenting symptoms, site, size, the nerve of origin, mode of surgery and outcome.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, in a tertiary care centre along with a review of cases from the literature. A detailed description of the case of laryngeal schwannoma in a 20-year-old patient, who presented with difficulty in swallowing, dyspnoea and hoarseness in the voice to the department of otorhinolaryngology will be given. Along with the data on a comprehensive literature search on about 50 cases of laryngeal schwannomas.  

Results: Out of the 50 cases, 54% were females and the majority of the cases were above the age of 55 years. Aryepiglottic folds were the common site of tumours (38%). Other sites where the tumour was found included the false cords, true vocal cords, ventricle, arytenoids, epiglottis, post cricoid region, trachea, and thyroid gland. All cases were treated surgically.

Conclusions: Laryngeal schwannomas are rare, nerve sheath tumours usually located in the supraglottic larynx. The surgical approach depends on the site, size and extent of the tumour. Sparing the parental nerve depends on the size of the tumour and the nerve of origin.
Rhino-orbital mucormycosis with palatal involvement: series of four cases
Authors: Acharya Souvagini , Hota Madhusmita , Bepari Kamalini , Naik Sujit Kumar
Published: October 2022

Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis) is a rare, opportunistic fungal infection caused by mucorales.­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­ The clinical hallmark of invasive mucormycosis is angioinvasion and subsequent thrombosis. Palate is the least common site and ulceration with palatal perforation is late occurrence. Involvement of oral cavity usually appears as palatal ulceration or necrosis with denudation of bone and later perforation of palate. In our cases, the patients had both debilitating conditions resulting from poorly controlled diabetes and acute inﬂammatory immune response due to COVID-19 infection. Radiographically opacification of sinuses may be observed in conjunction with patchy effacement of bony walls of sinuses. Potassium hydroxide smear of lesion can reveal non septate fungal hyphae. Culture on sabouraud’s dextrose agar is preferred but histopathological examination of biopsy specimen is conclusive. Successful treatment of mucormycosis consists of rapid diagnosis of the condition followed by radical surgical debridement of infected necrotic tissue with systemic administration of antifungal drugs. Mucormycosis, along with other deep fungal infections, should be considered as an important outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Thrombocytopenia in solid malignancies: A review
Authors: Sharma Deepti , Sharma Neha
Published: October 2022

Thrombocytopenia is one of the most frequent complications associated with cancer or its treatment. Since Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are commonly used for treatment of cancer, Unfortunately, these treatments frequently cause acute and/or long-term bone marrow injury that can adversely affect the quality of life and the course of treatment. There is a need to maintain a safe platelet count to allow effective treatment of the underlying malignancy, prevent bleeding complications and to minimize the use of platelet product transfusion.
Mean estimated GFR values in children 2-12 years admitted in a tertiary care centre using schwartz formula
Authors: Pillai Preethi Somanathen , James Mary , M Athira
Published: October 2022

GFR (Glomerular filtration rate) is the amount of blood filtered by the kidney’s glomerulus into the Bowman ’s capsule per unit of time. Schwartz equation is the length based calculation of estimated GFR (e GFR). Pottel’s equation is length independent one. The aim of the study is to find out the mean eGFR values in different age groups using the height dependent Schwartz formula in children 2-12 years. Secondary objective is to find out the relationship between eGFR and birth weight, gestational age, family history of renal disease and past history of urinary tract infection and to compare eGFR calculated by height dependent Schwartz formula and height independent Pottel’s equation

700 children in the age group 2 to 12 years were included in the study. After obtaining written informed consent from the child’s guardian, pessronal details and serum creatinine values were collected. Height was measured using a stadiometer. Estimated GFR values were calculated using Schwartz formula and results were statistically analysed.

Where GFR values by Schwartz formula were compared with inulin based GFR as in referenced study, it was found out that in certain ages there was statistically significant difference. Among the determinants studied, there was a weak positive correlation between gestational age and eGFR. eGFR by Schwartz formula was also compared with eGFR based on height independent Pottel’s equation and was found that there was statistically significant difference between absolute values, but they show a positive correlation

1: There was no statistically significant correlation between birth weight, family history of renal disease and past history of urinary tract infection with eGFR; 2: There was a weak positive correlation between gestational age at birth and eGFR; 3: When eGFR by Schwartz formula was compared with eGFR by Pottel’s equation, there was a positive correlation between the two, though the absolute values differed significantly; 4: Normative data of this study can be used for predicting eGFR in children 2-12 years.
Palatal teratoma associated with cleft palate- A rare case report
Authors: Singaram Mamta , Mahipathy Surya Rao Vekata , Natarajan Praveen Ganesh , Jesudasan James , Sundaramurthy Narayanamurthy
Published: October 2022

Teratomas are benign tumours that are commonly seen in the sacrococcygeal region and in ovaries. It consists of cells from the layers of ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm. Localised teratomas in the head and neck region are rare in origin. It can be in the size of a small polyp or it may grow as an extension to the skull base. This rare case report highlights the presence of congenital teratoma in the palatine region of a child. The palatine processes and the median nasal septum have failed to fuse, thus leading to a development of cleft palate in the child. This failure of fusion may be related to the presence of the epignathus obstructing the oropharyngeal connection. The diagnosis of teratoma was confirmed radiologically and histopathologically. The lesion was surgically excised and the cleft palate defect was corrected in a single stage surgical procedure.
Type 1 Von Willebrands disease presenting as menorrhagia in adolescent girl
Authors: H S Rajani , SV Akshaya
Published: October 2022

Type 1 Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common type of VWD due to partial quantitative deficiency of Von Willebrand factor (VWF) which is essential for hemostasis. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern in most cases, but variable penetrance has also been observed in certain cases. In the present report, we report a case of 11-year-old admitted a tertiary hospital with complaints of excessive vaginal bleeding (menorrhagia), and fatigue since the past 12 days. At the age of 10 years, there was excessive bleeding from the injured site in the knee following a fall on the ground. Blood investigations revealed anemia, a decrease in Von Willebrand antigen, and collagen binding assay. USG reports showed polycystic morphology of the left ovary with thickened endometrium. There is no complete cure for this condition. Mild bleeding episodes during the menstrual cycle can be managed using oral contraceptive pills. Desmopressin has been proven to be useful in mild cases especially to achieve normal levels before medical procedures or surgery but not in severe forms of Type 1 VWD. In severe forms of Type 1 VWD, VWF concentrates have been tried.
Assessment of cheiloscopic pattern in subjects with clinically obvious facial asymmetry
Authors: Verma Sneh Lata , Zaman Noor , Tikku Tripti , Khanna Rohit , Srivastava Kamna , Maurya Rana Pratap
Published: October 2022

Bilateral facial symmetry is rare, however clinically obvious facial asymmetry is of concern. Facial asymmetry results not only in functional, but also esthetic issues. Asymmetries could have pathological, traumatic, functional or develop­mental causal factors. Lip prints are unique to an individual just like the fingerprints and shows strong hereditary pattern and are useful in forensic science for identification in mass disaster, sex determination and criminal cases etc. Though facial asymmetry is generally evaluated using facial photograph or PA ceph but it was decided to see if there is variation in chieloscopic pattern in subjects with facial asymmetry. Considering this, it was decided to compare cheiloscopic pattern between subjects with clinically obvious facial asymmetry to normal subjects with no clinically obvious facial asymmetry.

Cheiloscopic pattern of 30 subjects were equally divided in 2 groups based on clinical examination-GROUP 1(normal with no facial asyemmtry) GROUP II (subjects with obvious facial asymmetry) and their cheiloscopic pattern was recorded using photo paper and lipstick. Groove pattern of lip print was assessed as per Tsuchihashi classification-Type I-Complete vertical grooves, Type I’-partial vertical grooves, Type II-forked grooves, Type III-intersected grooves, Type IV-reticular, Type V-undetermined. The assessment was done in 3 zones each (C-centre, R-right, L-left).Adequate statistical comparison were made.

For right zone, Type I’ was most common, both for Group I (40%) and Group II (46.7%). In centre zone, Type I was most common (46.7%) followed by Type II for group I, Type II was most common (40%) followed by Type I(33.3%)for Group II. On left side, Type I and I’ are most common(26%) followed by Type II(20%) for Group I and Type I’ (46.6%) is most common followed by Type I and Type II for Group II. There was no statistical significant difference between the type of lip pattern for two groups in each zone (C,R.L).

Within the limitation of the study done on smaller sample size it can be stated that chieloscopic pattern did not show variation with facial asymmetry.
Comparision of predicted and actual treatment outcome based on steiner cephalometric analysis using nemotech software
Authors: Verma Sneh Lata , Lepcha Rigzing , Khanna Rohit , Tikku Tripti , Maurya Rana Pratap , Srivastava Kamna
Published: October 2022

Social and psychological concerns, improved function, appearance, and self-esteem encourages a patient to pursue Orthodontic treatment, for which extraction may or may not be needed.

Conventionally steiner stick analysis or tweed head plate correction is followed to decide extraction during fixed orthodontic treatment for desirable treatment outcome. This study was designed to compare predicted position and angulation of maxillary and mandibular incisor by steiner stick analysis with the actual treatment outcome using memotech software.

Sample was taken from our department consisting of pre and post treatment lateral cephalogram of 15 subject with age ranging from 20- 22years. Tracing was done using Nemotech software and values for Steiner’s analysis was obtained, both for, pre and post treatment tracing. Prediction was done by Steiner Stick analysis(SSA) on the pre treatment tracing.The position and angulation of Maxillary and Mandibular incisor was compared between prediction based on SSA and post treatment outcome. The parameters taken were U1-NA Linear and U1-NA angular and L1-NB Linear and L1-NB angular and comparison were made using Paired Student T test.

: No significant difference was seen in U1-NA distance in (mm) and angulation(degree) Compared between predicted values(U1-NA- 2.478mm, 20.53 degree) and post treatment outcome (U1-NA-2.80mm, 22.733 degree) , p>0.05. Similarly no significant difference was seen in L1-NB distance (mm) compared between predicted (L1-NB 3.1227mm) and post treatment outcome(3.487 mm), p>0.05. However significant difference was seen for L1-NB angulation between predicted (22.573) and actual post treatment outcome(26.02), p<0.05.

: Steiner Stick Analysis overestimated the values for angulation for Mandibular Incisors. This could be attributed to variability in mechanics or small size sample. Further studies should aim at comparisons done in larger sample size.
Assessment and comparison of palatal rugae pattern in clinically obvious ND non obvious asymmetrical patients
Authors: Maurya Rana Pratap , Chauhan Akansha , Khanna Rohit , Tikku Tripti , Verma Sneh Lata , Srivastava Kamna
Published: October 2022

Various types of appliances have been tried by the Orthodontists for the fixed orthodontic treatment. Irrespective of the appliance used the main goal of retraction of anterior teeth in extraction cases is to keep the vertical dimension stable so as not to allow downward and backward rotation of mandible. The aim of this study was to compare changes in mandibular rotation following fixed orthodontic treatment on subjects who have undergone extraction of all first premolars.

Pre and post treatment lateral Cephalogram of 25 subjects were taken (13 females and 12males), aged 18-25 years and the tracings were done using Nemoceph software. Parameters assessed were facial height (anterior and posterior), mandibular plane angle (FMA & SN-GoGn), and Jarabak ratio. Student t-test was used to make statistical comparison.

Mean difference of SN-GoGn (0.15 ±0.07), FMA (0.23 ±0.52), Anterior facial height (0.18±0.01) and posterior height (0.45±0.01) and Jarabak ratio (0.47±0.32) did not show statistically significant difference between pre and post treat ment.

Mandibular plane did not alter during treatment. When adequate mechanics is followed during treatment desirable treatment outcome with insignificant alteration of mandibular plane can be achieved.
The effects of erupting mandibular 3 molar on the dental arch: A FEM study
Authors: Kumar Avinash , Bhandhari Meghna , Baba Fareeduddin MD
Published: October 2022

Role ofErupting Mandibular 3 molars as a cause of incisor crowding in the lower arch continues to be controversial. The relation between 3 molar and dental crowding has not been established.

To determine the area of stress distribution and tooth displacement during eruption of mandibular 3 molar in mesioangular and horizontal impaction.

Three dimensional finite element models were generated based on computed tomography scan data. From computed tomographic scans of a human mandible two additional finite element models were generated: a mandibular model with mesioangular impaction and second model with horizontal impaction. To investigate the stress distribution to the mandible, and tooth displacement eruptive force of 10 grams was applied.

High concentration of stresses was seen at the inferior border of the mandible and lowest concentration of stress was present at symphysis for both the models. The tooth displacement for both mesio-angular and horizontal impaction caused mesial tilting of all the teeth i.e. from 2 molar to central incisor; with greatest tilting of 2 molar. Along the vertical plane, there was extrusion seen with 2 molar with mesio-angular impaction and extrusion in 2 molar and 1 molar with horizontal impaction And all the teeth exhibited buccal flaring in case of both impaction.

There is significant level of tooth displacement from 2 molar towards the incisors. These changes occurring along the dental arch must be taken into consideration while planning for prophylactic extraction of third molars.
Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need amongst 12-15 years old school-going children using Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) of Khudel Village, Madhya Pradesh, Indore
Authors: Mishra Kratika , Rana Poonam Tomar , Rana Kuldeep Singh
Published: October 2022

: Epidemiology of malocclusion and assessment of orthodontic treatment needs are of great importance in many countries and are included in numerous national-level surveys. The aim of orthodontic treatment is to achieve the best possible occlusion within the framework of function, stability, and esthetics.

The present study aims to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and Orthodontic treatment needs of 12–15-year-old school-going childrenusing the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) of Khudel Village, Madhya Pradesh, Indore.

300 school children (180 girls and 120 boys) of government schools of age group 12-15-year-old were examined. Type 3 examination method was used to record the orthodontic treatment need was using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Needs (IOTN).

Result showed that only 38.6% had no need of treatment, (23.3%) were assigned grade 2 of IOTN Dental Health Component (DHC) score, (14.3%) required borderline treatment, (12.3%) of the total population required severe orthodontic treatment that is score 4. Extreme treatment is required by (11.3%) of the study population.

: There seems to be an inconsistency in the proportion of children needing orthodontic treatment on esthetic and dental health basis. It indicates a general lack of awareness among the school children about the severity of their existing malocclusion. More awareness programs and camps need to be conducted regarding spread of awareness of orthodontic treatment needs.
Evaluation of the efficacy of Three-dimensional mini plates versus conventional mini plates used in the management of anterior mandibular fractures
Authors: Bhatt Vaibhav , Motiwale Tejas , Mitra Geeti V.
Published: October 2022

The management of mandibular fractures has evolved from closed reduction to open reduction. Champy’s miniplates have become highly popular and is a time-tested method of treatment of mandibular fractures. However, advances like 3D miniplate with claimed advantages like requires less armamentarium, providing better occlusal stability

Evaluative study conducted in 24 patients & randomly divided in 2 groups, use of 3D miniplate vs conventional miniplates in anterior mandibular fractures, age group 15-90, post-operative evaluation at day 1, 7 & 3 month, fracture stability, mobility of fracture fragment, complications & bite force.

The level of significance was fixed at 5% and p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 3D mini plating system (p value:- .001)have lesser operating time when compared to 2D conventional miniplating system, also 3D miniplate system have better intraoperative and lesser complications, significantly better bite force results (p value .002*(s)) with 3D miniplate compared to 2D conventional miniplating system.

3D miniplate a novel form of plating system with better intraoperative and post operative results, better stability compared to conventional miniplating system.
AN INFLUENCE OF ROLLER STRENGTHENING ON MULTCYCLIC FATIGUE OF SPECIMENS WITH CUTS OF VARIOUS DEPTH AND A PRESSURIZED HUB
Authors: Pavlov Valentin Fyodorovich , Sazanov Vyacheslav Petrovich , Vakulyuk Vladimir Stepanovich , Tumanov Dmitrij Vyacheslavovich , Bogdanova Irina Vyacheslavovna
Published: October 2022

The influence of roller strengthening on a residual stresses distribution and multicyclic fatigue of solid cylindrical specimens of 50 mm diameter made of steel 20 with cuts of various depths and a pressurized hub has been examined. As a result, an endurance limit of roller strengthened specimens diminishes. In order to preserve the effect of hardening with a cuts depth increase, its necessary to increase the thickness of a layer with compressive residual stresses. Surface hardening influence on an endurance limit of specimens has been estimated by two criteria: axial residual stresses on a concentrators surface and average integral residual stresses, calculated through the dangerous sections surface layer thickness that equal a critical depth of a non-propagating fatigue crack. Its been stated that its more reasonable to use the average integral residual stresses criterion for an evaluation of roller strengthening influence on an endurance limit of specimens with cuts of various depth and a pressurized hub.
The Place and Role of Sino-Confucian Culture and Confucianism in World History according to Liang Shuming’s Thought on Life and Culture
Authors: Wesołowski Zbigniew
Published: October 2022

Liang Shuming’s understanding of Chinese culture, which he conceived of as Sino-Confucian culture, and his understanding of Confucianism differ from the common and familiar understandings in the sinological academic world. It seems that the best way to understand Liang Shuming and his thoughts is in terms of his search for an authentic existence. In his scheme of three modes of world cultures (Western-pragmatic culture, Sino-(Taizhou 泰州-)Confucian culture, and Indo-(weishi-)Buddhist culture) and their historical succession (as given above), the conviction of Liang Shuming was that the imminent future mode of world culture would be that of the Sino-Confucian cultural attitude. He even prophesied that in the nearest future the emotion of love in its particular form as love between a man and a woman would be the greatest and the most formidable problem of this period, i.e. the period of the second domain of a conditional availability or non-availability of the object of desire, that is, of another mind or the will of another person. This domain is called by Liang Shuming the realm of human relationships, or a social problem for the solution of which Sino-(Taizhou-)Confucian culture is responsible. The author concentrates on the place and role of Liang Shuming’s understanding of Confucianism in his scheme of world history.
Professional Daily Scientific and Pedagogical Workers of Saratov in the 1920s
Authors:   Saratov State University, Abubikerova E. F.
Published: October 2022

The article deals with the issues of professional everyday life of employees of Saratov institutions of higher education in 1920 years, engaged in teaching and research. The author describes political, social and economic factors, educational process reforms’ directions which influenced the content and nature of the higher school teachers’ work at that time.
Private Collecting in England in Second Half XVII Century as the Form of Historical Memory
Authors:   Saratov State University, Mosolkina T. V.
Published: October 2022

In article the initial stage of formation of private museums, motives of collecting, principles of selection of exhibits, ways of placing of collections is considered. Difference of an English private collecting from the continental is analyzed.
Uso de equipamentos de proteção individual e suas implicações na higiene de alimentos: revisão de literatura
Authors: Lopes Barbara Ramona da Silva , Vigoder Hilana Ceotto , Medeiros Maria das Graças Gomes de Azevedo
Published: October 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura para avaliar a correlação entre aspectos de higiene pessoal, tais como o uso adequado de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPI) por manipuladores de alimentos, e parâmetros de higiene em sua manipulação. Foi utilizada a base de dados Google Acadêmico e a busca compreendeu publicações com um período de 10 anos, ou seja, entre 2012 e 2022. Poucos estudos foram encontrados em relação à temática proposta, entretanto, todos estabeleceram uma correlação direta e significativa entre aspectos de higiene pessoal e de alimentos, mesmo com diferentes variáveis, e a produção de alimentos seguros. Somente três estudos fizeram associação entre o uso de EPI e parâmetros de higiene na manipulação de alimentos. Dois deles encontraram a ocorrência de contaminação cruzada entre mãos de manipuladores e superfícies, e os alimentos, demonstrando uma correlação direta e significativa entre aspectos de higiene pessoal e o fornecimento de alimentos seguros. No entanto, um autor não encontrou efeito significativo na qualidade de vegetais através das variáveis de boas práticas, higiene de mãos, exame físico e uso de EPI, apesar de a variável boa higiene ter apresentado efeito significativo. São necessárias, portanto, mais pesquisas envolvendo o uso adequado de EPI e como isso afeta a segurança de alimentos.
Fenomenología y literatura: hacia una descripción literaria del fenómeno o cómo decir el mar
Authors: Buceta Martín
Published: October 2022

Este artículo tiene por objetivo establecer una relación entre la fenomenología merleau-pontiana y la expresión literaria. Dicha relación se fundamenta en la importancia que Maurice Merleau-Ponty otorga a la capacidad expresiva de la literatura. Para alcanzar este objetivo, se elucidará, en primer lugar, la expresión literaria a partir de las herramientas de la fenomenología merleau-pontiana y se buscará sostener la necesidad de utilizar expresiones propias de la literatura para lograr una descripción verdadera del fenómeno. En ese primer apartado, se explicitará la importancia que tiene la literatura y su modo particular de expresión del mundo vivido para llevar a palabra al mundo mudo de la percepción mediante el análisis de algunos pasajes de la obra merleau-pontiana en que se elucida el modo de presentar de la novela de Marcel Proust. La segunda parte tendrá por objeto realizar un breve análisis de Océano mar, de Alessandro Baricco, con el propósito de ilustrar la primera parte. En esta, se explicitará la capacidad del lenguaje literario para expresar el mundo buscando mostrar cómo una obra literaria posibilita la expresión de las esencias, en este caso, la del mar. En nuestra conclusión, sostendremos que Merleau-Ponty considera la tarea del escritor y la del filósofo casi de modo análogo en tanto ambos están llamados a decir el mundo mediante un lenguaje que nos permite un acercamiento más originario al ser salvaje, aquel propio de la literatura que surge en lo sensible y entraña las relaciones que lo han visto nacer.
Chemical Composition and Repellent Activity of Methyl Cinnamate-Rich Basil (Ocimum basilicum) Essential Oil
Authors: NOUR Azhari H. , İDRİS Abeer A , ISHAG Omer , NOUR Abdurahman
Published: October 2022

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an important culinary herb and essential oil source widely recognized worldwide. The oil of the plant is beneficial for medicinal uses, and it has many biological activities such as insect repellent, larvicidal, and bactericidal. This study aimed to investigate basil's essential oil for its chemical composition and repellent activity. The essential oil of basil was extracted from fresh leaves by steam distillation method, and the chemical composition of the oil was determined by using GC/MS. Also, the repellent activity of the oil was tested against American cockroaches. Ebeling Choice-Box test with a little modification used in repellence test. The obtained results of chemical composition revealed that the amount of the oil contained forty-one chemical constituents (~97.1%); the major constituents were methyl cinnamate (25.3%), linalool (19.1%) and estragole (12.3%) as the major oxygenated monoterpenes. While α-bergamoten (5.3%), germacrene (4.6%), γ-cadinene (2.8%), and β-elemene (2.4%) were the main compounds in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. Whereas, in oxygenated sesquiterpenes, Tau-cadinol (4.3%) was an important compounds and ocimene the highest compound in monoterpene hydrocarbons. The obtained results also indicated that the essential oil had good activity against the P. American, at a 100% concentration of oil; the repellence reaches 100% after 1 h. The IC50 and IC90 values of basil essential oil against P. Americans were 53.0 and 83.0%, respectively. The major compound methyl cinnamate which exists in basil essential oil is a very important compound and could be used in a wide area of industrial applications as repellent products, medicinal products, and cosmetics.
Influence of europium doping on the crystallization, morphology, and the cathodoluminescent properties of PbNb2O6:Eu3+ phosphors
Authors: EKMEKCİ Mete Kaan
Published: October 2022

Undoped PbNb2O6 and Eu3+ ion doped PbNb2O6 samples were synthesized by high temperature mixed oxide method, applying a heat treatment temperature of 1250°C and an annealing time of 6 hours. In order to elucidate the structural and optical behavior of PbNb2O6:Eu3+ phosphors, XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy), CL (cathodoluminescence) and absoption analyses were performed. The X-ray diffraction results showed that the undoped PbNb2O6 sample crystallized in a rhombohedral symmetry while Eu3+ doped samples formed in orthorhombic symmetry. The morphologies of the rhombohedral and orthorhombic grains were examined by SEM-EDS. The CL spectra showed spectral profiles between 580 and 780 nm in relation to the 4f–4f transitions of Eu3+. A strong emission was observed at about 620 nm, corresponding to the red color and associated with the 5D0 → 7F2 transition of Eu3+, while the undoped sample did not exhibit CL emission of the host which is probably due to the presence of lead in the host structure. In addition, the CL analysis results showed that the emission intensity increased with the increase of Eu3+ ion concentration. The increase in magnetic dipole transition caused by the electron beam radiation effect of the CL with increasing doping concentration is associated with the change of dipole moments of the Eu3+ doped tungsten bronze host and thus differentiating the emission spectrum. UV lamp excited photograph of undoped sample showed blue-violet color while Eu3+ doped phosphors with red color became more significant with increasing Eu3+ concentration.
Antioxidant activity of Vaccinium axillare Nakai fruits during oxidative stress in vivo
Authors: Mechikova G. Ya. , Fleishman M. Yu. , Lebed’ko O. A.
Published: October 2022

Intensity of free radical oxidation processes in vivo (model of induced oxidative stress) was studied after the probe introduction of Vaccinium axillare Nakai fruit extract. Material and methods. Four groups (n = 40) of white male CBA mice weighing 20–25 g were included in the experiment: 1 – intact control; 2–0.9 % sodium chloride solution was administered per os for 10 days in a dose of 10 ml/kg/day; 3 – group “cisplatin” (animals received 0.9 % sodium chloride solution similarly to group 2, on the fifth day of the experiment cisplatin was administered once by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg); 4 – group “cisplatin + blueberries” (mice received per os extract of Blueberry axillary fruits at a dose of 10 ml/kg/day for 10 days, on the fifth day of the experiment cisplatin was administered once by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg). Antioxidant activity of Blueberry axillary was studied by chemiluminescence. Results and discussion. Analysis of kinetic parameters of mouse kidney homogenate chemiluminescence showed that oxidative stress develops in animals after a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin, the extract of Blueberry axillary fruit decreases its severity. Conclusions. Bilberry fruit extract (Vaccinium axillare Nakai) has pronounced antioxidant properties and may be important in the treatment and prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress.