bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Otolaryngological Diseases in General Population: A Study in Eastern Medical College Hospital
Authors: Alam Anwar Ul , Ullah Md Kalim , Shakil Mohammad , Rahman SM Tauhidur , Ahamed Mohammad Khaza , Sarower Mohammad Golum
Published: November 2022

Background: Otolaryngological diseases are serious public health problems affecting all age groups. This includes problem of hearing, speech, phonation, breathing, swallowing, smell & taste and protection of lower respiratory passage.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the common clinical presentation and socio demographic characteristics of the patients attending in ENT outdoor.

Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 patients attending in ENT outdoor in Eastern medical college Hospital, Cumilla, Bangladesh using a self-administered semi-structured questionnaire from July 2020 to September 2020.

Result: In this study 44.8% were male and 55.2% female. All age group were included and majority of patients were age group of 21-30 years (28.6%). In our study 38.2% (191) of the study populations were suffering from ear diseases, and then followed by 32% (160) nose diseases and 29.8% (149) throat diseases. Common ear, nose, throat diseases were suppurative otitis media 30.37% (58), allergic rhinitis 23.13% (37), tonsillitis 31.54% (47), respectively.

Conclusion: Our study provides basic information of the incidence of ENT disorders in the study area suggests that suppurative otitis media, tinnitus, foreign body ear, allergic rhinitis, nasal polyp, sinusitis, tonsillitis and pharyngitis are the most common Otolaryngological (ENT) problems in general population visiting the ENT Department of this hospital and contribute significantly to morbidity.

EMCJ. January 2022; 7(1): 6-10
Assessment of Difficulties in Breastfeeding in Infants below 6 months of Age
Authors: Sultana Shamima , Sufian Abu , Rahman Saida Binte , Hossain Salma , Kabir Farzana , Das Joyshree
Published: November 2022

Background: Breast milk is very much essential for proper growth, development and wellbeing of children. They should be breastfed within 1 hour of birth, exclusively breastfed for first six months of life. Breastfeeding difficulties are common. Maternal, infant and social factors are involved in establishment of proper breastfeeding.

Objective: To find out the difficulties that a mother face during breastfeeding.

Methodology: Cross-sectional observational study was carried out Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical Collage & Hospital (Sh.S.MCH). All children upto 6 months of age and their mother attending in OPD, Breast feeding corner and pediatrics indoor of Sh.S.MCH during study period.

Results: Total 19 (38%) infants had difficulty in breast feeding related to maternal factors. Majority (63%) of mother complained of not enough milk, but urine output of infants was ≥6 times within 24 hours in 7 infants of these mothers. Three mothers had stopped breast feeding due to sickness. Total 25 (50%) infants had difficulty in breast feeding related to infant factors. Majority 17 (68%) of them were crying babies, but urine output was ≥6 times in 24 hours in 12 of these infants. Refusal of breast was found in 6 (24%) infants, sickness was cause for stopping breastfeeding found in 2 (8%) infants. Total 13 (26%) infants had difficulty in breast feeding related to social factors. Majority 8 (67%) were working mother and 5 (33%) mothers said that there was lack of familial support.

Conclusion: Most of the mothers initiated breast feeding 1 hour after birth. Most of the mothers had given honey as prelacteal feeding to their infants. Most of them were on partial breast feeding. Sixty five percent infants were given formula milk. Difficulties in breast feeding were related to infant factors and maternal factors mostly. More than one factor was present in some infant.

EMCJ. January 2022; 7(1): 11-14
HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VII SMPN 1 KALIORI PADA MATERI TEKS NARASI DENGAN BLENDED LEARNING
Authors: Pradani Rizka Abri , Diniarti Eko Agus
Published: November 2022

Beberapa tujuan pembelajaran mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia adalah untuk mengetahui pentingnya dan inti penggunaan bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa persatuan dan bahasa negara serta bagi perkembangan sastra Indonesia. Teks naratif (cerita imajiner) merupakan salah satu materi yang diajarkan di tingkat sekolah. Dengan teks naratif, berarti siswa telah menulis karya sastra. Blended learning digunakan untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran pasca penurunan adopsi Covid-19. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana hasil belajar siswa kelas VII.1 dan VII.2 SMPN 1 Kaliori pada materi teks naratif dengan metode blended learning. Data diperoleh dengan mewawancarai guru mata pelajaran dan nilai penilaian harian siswa. Selain wawancara, rencana pembelajaran (RPP) dan silabus menjadi data dokumen. Hasil belajar siswa diuji dengan Daily Assessment (PH). Hasil belajar siswa dikatakan baik karena adanya komunikasi yang baik antara guru dan siswa. Selain itu, siswa bersemangat untuk mengerjakan tugas dengan hasil yang memuaskan. Nilai akhir pembelajaran teks naratif dari 60 siswa diperoleh nilai rata-rata 81,5 dengan nilai tertinggi 100 dan nilai terendah 65. Hasil belajar materi teks naratif baik.
KAJIAN ETNO-FEMINISME SIRI BONGKOK DALAM TRADISI ROKO MOLAS POCO PADA MASYARAKAT TIMUR DESA BENTENGKUWU NUSA TENGARA TIMUR
Authors: Agustin Kintan Amellia , Nasario Pankrasius De Alfa , Ilmiah Fitakhu Khoirul , Haerussaleh Haerussaleh
Published: November 2022

One of the local wisdoms that uphold the equality of women is still seen in the process of building a traditional house or mbaru gendang in the Roko Molas Poco tradition found in the eastern community of Bantengkuwu village, East Nusa Tenggara. Roko means shoulder rite, Molas means beautiful girl, while Poco comes from the mountain. The main pillar or hunchback series used to build the house is symbolized by a beautiful girl or woman. The Roko Molas Poco tradition is the tradition of carrying the best wood (siri bongkok) together from the mountain carried out by people in a village who want to build a traditional house or Mbaru Gendang. This study uses an ethnofeminist approach with a qualitative type of research. The subject of this research is the community in the village of Bentengkuwu, East Nusa Tenggara, the object of which is siri bongkok (main pole) in the roko molas poco tradition. The data collection stage is in the form of interviews, documentation, and literature studies. The data that has been recorded through the interview process is then analyzed by reducing the data, then analyzing and describing it in the form of a research report. The results showed that the tradition of building a traditional house, the main pillar symbolized by the girl has a value that upholds the dignity of women, the girl sitting on the main pole which is used as the main pillar is respected and treated well, because the people in Bentengkuwu village interpret that the girl who rides on the wood as a sanctity and protector.
Influence of weather and climate on disease in the Australian Imperial Force during the First World War
Authors: Davis CJ , Hanna EG , Kokic P
Published: November 2022

The death rate in the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) during the First World War (WW1) was 18.5%, higher than rates for the UK and Canada. Around 9% of reported AIF deaths resulted from diseases and were predominantly climate sensitive. AIF hospital admissions for non-battle conditions exceeded the total number of AIF enlistments. To our knowledge, the climatic influences on these high morbidity and mortality rates have not previously been quantified. Analysing these influences provides a case study that highlights the importance in accounting for climate in determining the future health, capacity and ultimate efficacy of armed forces, particularly in a time of increasing climatic extremes. To analyse the climate-health outcomes relationship, we re-examined data available in Australia’s WW1 official war histories (OWH) by C. E. W. Bean and A. G. Butler, the Australian War Memorial Roll of Honour (ROH) and the National Archives WW1 personnel files (NAA). We then reviewed meteorological data and identified that the European 1917 winter was the coldest winter for 26 yr. We have calculated the AIF UK official morbidity figure of 77743 could be under-reported by up to 2.7-fold. European winter disease deaths exceeded summer disease deaths by a factor of 3. Over 61% of AIF disease deaths in Europe occurred during the extreme 1917 winter and the Spanish flu outbreak during the 1919 winter, whereby 69% were respiratory infections. Climate-related diseases also severely affected the AIF at Gallipoli (Turkey) and the Light Horse regiments in the Jordan Valley between September and December 1918.
Tidal restrictions in a central Californian estuarine system are associated with higher mean pH, but increased low-pH exposure
Authors: Carlton H , Champlin L , Jeppesen R , Haskins JC , Rahman FI , Watson EB
Published: November 2022

Coastal acidification is an emerging concern in estuaries impaired by nutrient pollution. In addition to rising levels of atmospheric CO2 which drives ocean acidification, high nutrient inputs to coastal areas can amplify heterotrophic metabolism, raise water column CO2 levels, and exacerbate pH declines. This study focuses on how a third anthropogenic stressor, tidal restriction, shapes effects of coastal acidification. Tidal restrictions associated with installation of gates that reduce tidal flow to a portion of an estuary are a common impact to coastal landscapes and can negatively affect water quality. This study examined pH in locations subject to varying levels of tidal restriction across a series of interconnected central California estuaries, whose waters are nutrient-impaired due to surrounding agriculture, and where 50% of the system is affected by tidal restrictions. Mean and variance of pH differed based on the level of tidal restriction. Sites lacking tidal restrictions had the lowest mean pH (7.98) but the least pH variance (0.07), and the most infrequent exposure to low pH (<7.0) conditions. In contrast, sites with minimal tidal exchange had the most exposure to low pH conditions, although mean pH levels were greater (8.08), because they also saw greater pH variance (0.46). Our results suggest that tidal restrictions alter pH levels and affect the resilience of estuaries to coastal acidification.
Social Justice and Old Age Pension Savings Scheme in the Slovak Republic
Authors:   Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Geffert Richard , Rovenská Denisa
Published: November 2022

Social justice as a key value of social policy is an integral part of the social security system of every democratic and legal state of Western Civilization.The scientific monograph focuses on social justice in the old-age pension system in the Slovak Republic within diapason 2004 - 2022. The attention is dominantly focused on II., the so-calledcapitalization pension pillar.The aims of the scientific monograph correspond to the selected aims formulated as part of the project VEGA 1/0290/20 Social justice and old-age pension savings in the Slovak Republic.The main aim of the monograph is to identify the perception of social justice in the capitalization pillar of old-age pension savings through the value orientations of savers who are deciding to invest in funds II.pillar, as models created by relevant political representations in the Slovak Republic.
‘Old but Gold’ – Insights About Anti-TNF-α Therapy in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Jacobs David
Published: November 2022

In these interviews, the experts clearly highlighted four key messages:

1) Too few patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are being treated with biologics, including anti-TNF-α therapies.

2) Some patients may also be receiving this treatment too late in the disease course, when structural damages have already occurred. This may be due to the high cost of originator biologics or a lack of awareness among physicians of the proven benefits of early anti-TNF-α therapy introduction. These therapies have been shown to decrease complications and disease progression.

3) The development of affordable anti-TNF-α biosimilars can facilitate greater access to these therapies and could extend their early use to more patients, with no detected safety issues in switched patients discerned to date.

4) Newer therapeutic options with other mechanisms of action are available, but for now at least, anti-TNF-α therapies are seen as ‘old but gold’.
PERANCANGAN BRAND IDENTITY MUSEUM GEDUNG PERUNDINGAN LINGGARJATI
Authors: Herlina Elin , Pratama Mochamad Gani Aprilia , Nugraha Rika
Published: November 2022

Museum gedung perundingan linggarjati merupakan salah satu museum bersejarah yang dikelola oleh Dinas Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Upaya museum untuk mengembangkan identitas visual sudah baik secara media cetak maupun media visual, namun perkembangan tersebut belum sepenuhnya mendapatkan image atau branding yang tepat, ditambah perkembangan internet dan sosial media yang semakin pesat dapat menjadi hal yang penting untuk mengembangkan brand image ditinjau dalam ranah desain komunikasi visual. Perancangan ini bertujuan untuk membuat identitas visual dan sosial media museum agar masyarakat bisa mengetahui sejarah dan keunikan museum. Untuk menghasilkan sebuah identitas visual yang menarik dan representatif maka dilakukan pengumpulan data secara kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan data tentang museum, mengikuti perkembangan trend visual, melakukan analisa promosi sebelumnya dan observasi. Perancangan identitas visual Museum Gedung Perundingan Linggarjati meliputi logo, tipografi, warna, dan elemen gambar yang diturunkan kedalam media-media yang digunakan.Kata Kunci: Museum Gedung Perundingan Linggarjati, Identitas Visual, Sosial Media
Development of methodological aspects of mapping of geospatial knowledge about cultural heritage objects for spatial development of territories
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Lebzak A. O.
Published: November 2022

Currently, mapping geospatial knowledge on maps is a poorly developed and very promising area of cartographic science. To date, there are no methods of mapping objects of cultural heritage that allow displaying not only information, but also geospatial knowledge about them. The article deals with the problem of mapping geospatial knowledge about cultural heritage objects for the spatial development of territories. The purpose of the study is formulated, the analysis of existing methods for assessing the historical and cultural value of cultural heritage objects is given. The process of obtaining geospa-tial knowledge about cultural heritage objects has been developed and formalized. The structure and content of the base of geospatial knowledge of cultural heritage objects for the spatial development of territories are developed, the principles of displaying geospatial knowledge about cultural heritage ob-jects on cartographic works are formulated. The proposed methodological foundations were tested by developing a prototype of the cartographic web service "Cultural Heritage of the Novosibirsk region".
Evaluation of forestry geoinformation mapping method with the application of mobile technologies
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Lebzak E. V.
Published: November 2022

One of the urgent problems of Russian forest cartography is the transition to electronic document management. The purpose of the study is to test the methodology of geoinformation mapping of for-estry using mobile technologies. Technological solutions have been developed that contribute to the most effective application of the methodology of geoinformation mapping of forestry using mobile technologies. In the course of the study, the developed methodology and technological solutions were tested in the process of creating forest planning and cartographic products. The article presents the main results of the evaluation, as well as the analysis of the errors and labor productivity identified during editorial control. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the proposed methodology of geoinformation mapping of forestry with the use of mobile technologies, which includes a method for forming and displaying geo-knowledge, since it allows expanding the range of planned cartographic products for solving the tasks of forestry enterprises, as well as reducing time and labor costs at the desk stage of forest management and reducing the total time spent for forest management by almost a quarter.
Design and creation of wild life animated map using HTML
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Sotnikova A. Y. , Radchenko L. K. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the concept development of the wildlife animated school map with the representation of animated animal symbols and sounds. Currently, the modern school is undergoing a major modernization; this is due to the release of new educational standards, the creation of new student training programs, the creation and release of new textbooks, and also adjustment of approaches and teaching methods for modern children to new technologies and technics. The system of cartographic support for the educational process also requires revision, since a lot of maps are already outdated, some maps that had been included in textbooks were simply excluded when textbooks were republished, and maps for individual regions are not included in textbooks at all. Therefore, the issue of developing and creating modern cartographic works is more relevant than ever and requires its solution. This article is devoted to the development and creation of an animated map of the wild life using the HTML language, which will be accompanied by animated symbols and sounds of each animal.
The use of geoinformation systems and technologies in monitoring the state of municipal solid waste disposal facilities in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Tatarenko V. I. , Usikova O. V. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: November 2022

This article is devoted to the problem of forming a methodology for using geonformation monitoring to assess the state of MSW landfills and solving problems arising in this regard on the example of the Gorsky landfill located in the Novosibirsk region. One of the most acute problems of almost all industrialized countries is the rational management of waste. The amount of industrial waste and solid municipal (MSW) is steadily growing and this problem is of particular relevance in the Russian Federa-tion, where until recently the main method of waste disposal was their placement and accumulation in specially designated territories–landfills. (The total area of such objects in the Russian Federation is close to 1 % of the entire territory of the country). Such objects throughout the entire period of biological decay of accumulated masses remain a source of negative impact on the natural environment. The components of the so-called "landfill" gases and the combustion products of accumulated masses as a result of spontaneous combustion and ignition, contamination of groundwater with chemically and biologically harmful substances contained and formed inside the waste under the influence of natural phenomena, etc., enter the atmosphere. In order to minimize the harm caused, as well as financial and material costs, in this regard, there is a need to monitor the condition of MSW landfills using modern technologies and geoinformation systems.
Gravity observation at Shults cape polygon
Authors:   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Timofeev V. Ju. , Ardyukov D. G. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Timofeev A. V. ,   Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Valitov M. G. ,   V. Il’ichev Pasific Oceanological Institute FEB RAS, Sizikov I. S. ,   Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS, Nosov D. A. ,   Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS, Stus Yu. F. ,   Institute of Automation and Electrometry SB RAS
Published: November 2022

Gravity measurements with different kind of absolute gravimeters and spring gravimeters were started at the Marine Experimental Observatory Shults Cape of Il'ichev Oceanological Institute, Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences from 2010 year. Simultaneously, on the polygone, located in the South of Primorie, started the geodetic measurements by GNSS methods for determination of the coordinates and study of gravimetric points’ displacements. Gravimetric measurements are used to solve structural and monitoring tasks. Planned and high-altitude geodetic measurements are necessary for the correct interpretation of gravimetric results and obtaining reduced gravity values. Complex measurements with absolute and relative gravimeters are used to test the metrological characteristics of relative gravimeters such as SCINTREX and GPhone. As a result of the analysis of tidal variations of gravity, corrections to the absolute data were obtained. Carrying out measurements at different altitudes using absolute gravimeters of the GABLM-M type made it possible to reduce the values of gravity and compare experimental and theoretical estimates. The results are used in structural geological studies in Primorie. The second task of the research was to determine the level of time variations of gravity, 3D displacements of the earth's surface and determine their nature. According to measure-ments in the period 2010–2020, the effects associated with the Japanese earthquake of 11.03.2011 with a magnitude of M = 9,0 were investigated. At a distance of 1000 km from the epicenter, the mag-nitude of post-seismic subsidence for the period 2012–2020 was 22 m, gravity increased by 6 microgal. According to the shape of the attenuation curve of vertical displacements, a model was selected and an estimate of Maxwell's time (T = 3 years) was obtained. Within the framework of a two-layer model, the viscosity of the earth's crust lower part – the asthenosphere on the edge of the continent – was determined.
Method of calculation of integral indicators of quality and rational use of agricultural land in QGIS
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Agrarian University, Belousov A. O. , Bogdanov V. L. ,   St. Petersburg State Agrarian University
Published: November 2022

Due to the imperfection of the regulatory regulation of the agricultural land use, the lack of fixed indicators that characterize rational use of this land category, the authors, solve the task of calculation method for integral parameters, characterizing the quality and rational use of such lands. The solution was based on the analysis of the results developed by existing scientific schools in the given field and our own research, including the set of particular parameters, their subdivision into groups, the variant of determination of their relative significance (weight) in final assessment. The fundamental aspect of the assessment system is emphasized, due to the diversity of the realization of their natural potential by agricultural areas similar in natural properties, which required the implementation of two groups of indicators – the quality and rational use of agricultural land. In order to determine the integral indicators of quality and rational use of agricultural land, the authors have developed an algorithm for calculating them in the geographic information system QGIS, consisting of certain stages. Automatic calcu-lation of integral indicators significantly speeds up and simplifies the process of analyzing the state of land use in a particular region, avoids mechanical errors in calculations.
Forecasting high road embankment settlements based on machine learning and geodetic measurement data
Authors:   Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University, Bashirova D. R. , Bryn M. Ya. ,   Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University, Krivonosov D. A. ,   LLC "Transstroymekhanizatsiya"
Published: November 2022

The paper describes the research on forecasting of road base settlements on high embankments by means of geodetic observations, and also considers the question of geodetic data representation in the form of a mathematical model which takes into account the laws of settlements development and also allows to reveal upward or downward trends of the observed deformations. The relevance and novelty of the research is that there are no requirements for making forecast models by the geodetic observation data. Whereas it is noted that building of such models is important for rational planning of repair works and more accurate determination of geodetic observations periodicity. The aim of the study is to develop a method of geodetic monitoring of foundation settlements on high embankments. The following machine learning methods were considered: linear regression, adaptive linear regression, exponential smoothing, support vectors, and random forest. After models were trained and their parameters were chosen, the forecast on a test set was carried out. The parameters that characterized the quality of the models were: root mean square error, mean absolute error percentage, mean error percentage, determination coefficient, and Theil's coefficient of variance. Minimal value of root mean squared error RMSE = 0,8 mm was obtained by the method of support vectors. The support vectors method showed the highest forecast accuracy when taking into account all indicators of model quality assessment.
Ways of development of historical cartography
Authors:   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Batalov R. N. , Radchenko L. K. ,   Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies
Published: November 2022

The article is devoted to the review of the historical cartography development periods in the past and its current state. The study examines the development of historical cartography from traditional meth-ods of creating maps to digital ones. For this purpose, domestic and foreign publications of different years have been collected and studied, publications devoted to analytical reviews of the development of certain areas of historical cartography or the development of historical cartography for certain periods of time, individual historical cartographic works of different years, as well as such works them-selves. The article pays special attention to the current state of digital historical cartography, and also identifies specific examples of the use of GIS technologies in historical cartographic studies of socio-economic phenomena. In the course of the study, the authors applied comparative-historical and analytical-synthetic research methods. As a result, it is concluded that traditional paper maps and atlases were considered as means of providing information and were used in historical research mainly for visualization of historical data. And the use of GIS technologies makes it possible to display historical phenomena in layers, conduct spatial analysis, create derivative maps of geospatial knowledge that display the dynamics of state borders, population migration, etc.
On Students with Disabilities: Inclusion in the Physical Education Courses at De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde, Antipolo Campus
Authors:   Assistant Professor De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde Antipolo City, Tianio Jomar S. , De Castro Jefferson ,   MAT. Assistant Professor, De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde Antipolo City, Dillo Jr Jimmy ,   MA. Assistant Professor, De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde Antipolo City,, Tumala Arlyn S. ,   PhD. Associate Professor, De Lasalle College of Saint Benilde Antipolo City
Published: November 2022

De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde visions "Benilde for all" by creating an inclusive academic environment that can accommodate all students, especially those with disabilities. Through the nature, activities, and facilities of Physical Education (PE) courses, students with disabilities in Antipolo Campus find PE courses a challenge. Thus, the study wants to determine the student's instructional needs and testing accommodations in taking PE and create syllabi that include activities and assessments that fit their needs. Using descriptive research, data were gathered from the identified students with disabilities from the academic year 2021 to 2022 through a validated questionnaire checklist. The research revealed that most of the student- respondents: (a) have physical disabilities; (b) strongly disagree that the existing PE activities were suited and designed for them; (c) agree that the Physical Education facilities meet their needs, and (d) strongly agree for PE instructional and testing accommodations. As a result, the researcher refined the PE course syllabi that are more inclusive by aligning them to the CHED requirements and accommodating students with disabilities.
Effect of myopia and astigmatism deepening on the corneal biomechanical parameter stress-strain index in individuals of Chinese ethnicity
Authors: Liu Yan , Pang Chenjiu , Ming Shuai , Fan Qi
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To investigate the differences in corneal biomechanical parameter stress–strain index (SSI) among different degrees of myopic eyes in Chinese individuals and to analyze the relevant factors of the SSI.

Methods: This study analyzed the right eyes of 240 participants (240 eyes) aged 18–34 years. The participants were divided into low-, moderate-, high-, and ultra-high myopia groups according to their spherical equivalent (SE), with 60 eyes included in each group. Spherical, cylinder, and SE were measured via automatically integrated optometry. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using a non-contact tonometer. AL was measured using an IOLMaster device. Corneal curvature and central corneal thickness (CCT) were measured using a Pentacam. SSI and biomechanical corrected IOP (bIOP) were measured via corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology (Corvis ST). The statistical analyses included one-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests and normal distribution histogram methods, Levene variance homogeneity tests, Pearson’s correlation analyses, multiple linear stepwise regression analyses, one-way ANOVA, and LSD t-tests.

Results: The mean (±SD) age of the 240 participants was (24.97 ± 4.16) years. The SSI was positively correlated with spherical, cylinder, SE, CCT, IOP, and bIOP and negatively correlated with K1 and AL (r = 0.475, 0.371, 0.497, 0.169, 0.291, 0.144, −0.154, and −0.464, respectively; all p < 0.05), but were not correlated with age, K2, or Km (all p > 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis performed with SSI as the dependent variable, and spherical, cylinder, K1, CCT, and IOP as independent variables produced the following regression equation: SSI = 0.989 + 0.017 spherical + 0.042 cylinder +0.018 IOP (R2 = 0.402, F = 31.518, p < 0.001). The SSI values in the low-, moderate-, high-, and ultra-high myopia groups were 0.945 ± 0.135, 0.940 ± 0.128, 0.874 ± 0.110, and 0.771 ± 0.104, respectively. The values decreased sequentially, and the differences between pairs were statistically significant (all p < 0.05), except for that between the low- and moderate-myopia groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: SSI decreased with increasing myopia and astigmatism in the Chinese participants. The SSI was significantly lower in high and ultra-high myopia, especially ultra-high myopia. These findings indicate that increased corneal elasticity may be related to the pathogenesis of high and ultra-high myopia.
AAV process intensification by perfusion bioreaction and integrated clarification
Authors: Mendes João P. , Fernandes Bárbara , Pineda Earl , Kudugunti Shashi , Bransby Mike , Gantier René , Peixoto Cristina , Alves Paula M. , Roldão António , Silva Ricardo J. S.
Published: November 2022

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) demand for clinical trials and approved therapeutic applications is increasing due to this vector’s overall success and potential. The high doses associated with administration strategies challenges bioprocess engineers to develop more efficient technologies and innovative strategies capable of increasing volumetric productivity. In this study, alternating tangential flow (ATF) and Tangential Flow Depth filtration (TFDF) techniques were compared as to their potential for 1) implementing a high-cell-density perfusion process to produce AAV8 using mammalian HEK293 cells and transient transfection, and 2) integrating AAV harvest and clarification units into a single step. On the first topic, the results obtained demonstrate that AAV expression improves with a medium exchange strategy. This was evidenced firstly in the small-scale perfusion-mocking study and later verified in the 2 L bioreactor operated in perfusion mode. Fine-tuning the shear rate in ATF and TFDF proved instrumental in maintaining high cell viabilities and, most importantly, enhancing AAV-specific titers (7.6 × 104 VG/cell), i.e., up to 4-fold compared to non-optimized perfusion cultures and 2-fold compared with batch operation mode. Regarding the second objective, TFDF enabled the highest recovery yields during perfusion-based continuous harvest of extracellular virus and lysate clarification. This study demonstrates that ATF and TFDF techniques have the potential to support the production and continuous harvest of AAV, and enable an integrated clarification procedure, contributing to the simplification of operations and improving manufacturing efficiency.
A literature review: Generative adversarial networks for civil structural health monitoring
Authors: Luleci Furkan , Catbas F. Necati , Avci Onur
Published: November 2022

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of civil structures has been constantly evolving with novel methods, advancements in data science, and more accessible technology to address issues related to structural safety, operations, and resiliency. Research and development in the civil SHM field during the last few decades have been progressive due to the increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods such as Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL). Particularly, Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), which is a subfamily of Deep Learning has been highly favored in the SHM community within the last couple of years. After its release in 2014, GANs (original GAN and other GAN variants) have been in use for a wide variety of applications in various disciplines, and it has been one of the most popular research topics in the AI-ML domain. While there has not been a review study on the applications of GAN in the civil SHM field, this paper aims to fill this gap by presenting a literature review of the studies that employed GAN specifically in civil SHM applications from 2014 to date, in a condensed format. This study intends to inform SHM practitioners and researchers about GANs and present the highlights of the published work on GANs in the civil SHM field.
Diversity is the spice of life: An overview of how cytokinesis regulation varies with cell type
Authors: Ozugergin Imge , Piekny Alisa
Published: November 2022

Cytokinesis is required to physically cleave a cell into two daughters at the end of mitosis. Decades of research have led to a comprehensive understanding of the core cytokinesis machinery and how it is regulated in animal cells, however this knowledge was generated using single cells cultured in vitro, or in early embryos before tissues develop. This raises the question of how cytokinesis is regulated in diverse animal cell types and developmental contexts. Recent studies of distinct cell types in the same organism or in similar cell types from different organisms have revealed striking differences in how cytokinesis is regulated, which includes different threshold requirements for the structural components and the mechanisms that regulate them. In this review, we highlight these differences with an emphasis on pathways that are independent of the mitotic spindle, and operate through signals associated with the cortex, kinetochores, or chromatin.
Fallopian tube secreted protein affects ovarian metabolites in high grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Bergsten Tova M. , Levy Sarah E. , Zink Katherine E. , Lusk Hannah J. , Pergande Melissa R. , Cologna Stephanie M. , Burdette Joanna E. , Sanchez Laura M.
Published: November 2022

High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), the most lethal histotype of ovarian cancer, frequently arises from fallopian tube epithelial cells (FTE). Once transformed, tumorigenic FTE often migrate specifically to the ovary, completing the crucial primary metastatic step and allowing the formation of the ovarian tumors after which HGSOC was originally named. As only the fimbriated distal ends of the fallopian tube that reside in close proximity to the ovary develop precursor lesions such as serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas, this suggests that the process of transformation and primary metastasis to the ovary is impacted by the local microenvironment. We hypothesize that chemical cues, including small molecules and proteins, may help stimulate the migration of tumorigenic FTE to the ovary. However, the specific mediators of this process are still poorly understood, despite a recent growth in interest in the tumor microenvironment. Our previous work utilized imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) to identify the release of norepinephrine (NE) from the ovary in co-cultures of tumorigenic FTE cells with an ovarian explant. We predicted that tumorigenic FTE cells secreted a biomolecule, not produced or produced with low expression by non-tumorigenic cells, that stimulated the ovary to release NE. As such, we utilized an IMS mass-guided bioassay, using NE release as our biological marker, and bottom-up proteomics to demonstrate that a secreted protein, SPARC, is a factor produced by tumorigenic FTE responsible for enhancing release of ovarian NE and influencing primary metastasis of HGSOC. This discovery highlights the bidirectional interplay between different types of biomolecules in the fallopian tube and ovarian microenvironment and their combined roles in primary metastasis and disease progression.
Multicolor flow cytometry on pericardial effusion for a prompt diagnosis and treatment of hematological malignancies with heart involvement
Authors: Cappannoli Luigi , Imazio Massimo , Hohaus Stefan , Saponara Gianluigi , D’Amario Domenico , Bellesi Silvia , Maiolo Elena , Viscovo Marcello , Fatone Federica , Alma Eleonora , D’Alò Francesco , Crea Filippo , Sanna Tommaso
Published: November 2022

Background

Malignancies represent 15–50% of total causes of pericardial effusions (PE). Routine analyses recommended to be performed on pericardial fluid include general chemistry, cytology, polymerase chain reaction, and microbiological cultures. Multicolor flow cytometry (FC) is a laboratory test that already proved to be useful in the detection of lymphoproliferative and metastatic malignancies in pleural and peritoneal effusions, but current guidelines do not mention its use on PE to reach a diagnosis.

Methods

Our institutional protocol foresees to routinely perform a multicolor FC analysis on pericardial fluid samples obtained by pericardiocentesis, in addition to other guidelines-recommended analyses. A sample of 15–30 ml is analyzed using a lyse and wash staining method using combination panels of antibodies, allowing to detect specific cellular subpopulations, analyzing tens to hundreds of thousands of cells in few seconds. The present manuscript aims to report our single-center experience with this diagnostic tool in patients presenting with PE requiring pericardiocentesis.

Results

Routine use of multicolor FC on pericardial fluid samples in our institution allowed to reach a definite diagnosis of cardiac lymphomas in two patients presenting with otherwise unexplained severe PE. This resulted in immediate start of combined immunotherapy, with patients’ clinical improvement. At 6 months follow-up both patients are alive and presented a complete disease regression.

Conclusion

Preliminary evidence from routine use of multicolor FC on PE support that this is a promising tool to reach a rapid diagnosis of hematological malignancies with heart involvement, leading to a prompt initiation of targeted therapies.
Vein morphometry in end-stage kidney disease: Teasing out the contribution of age, comorbidities, and vintage to chronic wall remodeling
Authors: Labissiere Xochilt , Zigmond Zachary M. , Challa Akshara , Montoya Christopher , Manzur-Pineda Karen , Abraham Amalia , Tabbara Marwan , Salama Alghidak , Pan Yue , Salman Loay H. , Yang Xiaofeng , Vazquez-Padron Roberto I. , Martinez Laisel
Published: November 2022

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a highly comorbid condition with significant effects on vascular health and remodeling. Upper extremity veins are important in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) due to their potential use to create vascular accesses. However, unlike arteries, the contribution of CKD-associated factors to the chronic remodeling of veins has been barely studied.

Methods

We measured morphometric parameters in 315 upper extremity veins, 131 (85% basilic) from stage 5 CKD/ESKD patients and 184 (89% basilic) from non-CKD organ donors. Associations of demographic and clinical characteristics with intimal hyperplasia (IH) and medial fibrosis were evaluated using multivariate regression models.

Results

The study cohort included 33% females, 30% blacks, 32% Hispanics, and 37% whites. Over 60% had hypertension, and 25% had diabetes independent of CKD status. Among kidney disease participants, 26% had stage 5 CKD, while 22 and 52% had ESKD with and without history of a previous arteriovenous fistula/graft (AVF/AVG), respectively. Intimal hyperplasia was associated with older age (β = 0.13 per year, confidence interval [CI] = 0.002–0.26), dialysis vintage > 12 months (β = 0.22, CI = 0.09–0.35), and previous AVF/AVG creation (β = 0.19, CI = 0.06–0.32). Upper quartile values of IH were significantly associated with diabetes (odds ratio [OR] = 2.02, CI = 1.08–3.80), which demonstrated an additive effect with previous AVF/AVG history and longer vintage in exacerbating IH. Medial fibrosis also increased as a function of age (β = 0.17, CI = 0.04–0.30) and among patients with diabetes (β = 0.15, CI = 0.03–0.28). Age was the predominant factor predicting upper quartile values of fibrosis (OR = 1.03 per year, CI = 1.01–1.05) independent of other comorbidities.

Conclusion

Age and diabetes are the most important risk factors for chronic development of venous IH and fibrosis independent of CKD status. Among kidney disease patients, longer dialysis vintage, and history of a previous AVF/AVG are strong predictors of IH.
Large-scale correlation analysis of deep venous thrombosis and gut microbiota
Authors: Yang Mingyi , Luo Pan , Zhang Feng , Xu Ke , Feng Ruoyang , Xu Peng
Published: November 2022

Objective

Although previous studies have shown that gut microbiota may be involved in the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), the specific link between the two remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore this question from a genetic perspective.

Materials and methods

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of DVT were obtained from the UK Biobank (N = 9,059). GWAS summary data of the gut microbiota were obtained from the Flemish Gut Flora Project (N = 2,223) and two German cohorts (FoCus, N = 950; PopGen, N = 717). All the participants were of European ancestry. Linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression has great potential for analyzing the heritability of disease or character traits. LDSC regression was used to analyze the genetic correlation between DVT and the gut microbiota based on the GWAS summary data obtained from previous studies. Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to analyze the genetic causal relationship between DVT and the gut microbiota. We used the random effects inverse variance weighted, MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode to perform MR analysis. We performed a sensitivity analysis of the MR analysis results by examining heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.

Results

Linkage disequilibrium score analysis showed that Streptococcaceae (correlation coefficient = −0.542, SE = 0.237, P = 0.022), Dialister (correlation coefficient = −0.623, SE = 0.316, P = 0.049), Streptococcus (correlation coefficient = −0.576, SE = 0.264, P = 0.029), and Lactobacillales (correlation coefficient = −0.484, SE = 0.237, P = 0.042) had suggestive genetic correlation with DVT. In addition, the MR analysis showed that Streptococcaceae had a positive genetic causal relationship with DVT (P = 0.027, OR = 1.005). There was no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy in the MR analysis (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

In this study, four gut microbes (Streptococcaceae, Dialister Streptococcus, Lactobacillales) had suggestive genetic correlations with DVT, and Streptococcaceae had a positive causal relationship with DVT. Our findings provide a new research direction for the further study of and prevention of DVT.
The impact of direct oral anticoagulants on viscoelastic testing – A systematic review
Authors: Sahli Sebastian D. , Castellucci Clara , Roche Tadzio R. , Rössler Julian , Spahn Donat R. , Kaserer Alexander
Published: November 2022

Background

In case of bleeding patients and in acute care, the assessment of residual direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) activity is essential for evaluating the potential impact on hemostasis, especially when a timely decision on urgent surgery or intervention is required. Viscoelastic tests are crucial in a modern goal-directed coagulation management to assess patients’ coagulation status. However, the role of viscoelastic test to detect and quantify residual DOAC plasma levels is controversially discussed. The aim of this review was to systematically summarize the evidence of viscoelastic tests for the assessment of residual DOAC activity.

Method

PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched for original articles investigating the effect of rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, or dabigatran plasma levels on different viscoelastic tests of the adult population from database inception to December 31, 2021.

Results

We included 53 studies from which 31 assessed rivaroxaban, 22 apixaban, six edoxaban, and 29 dabigatran. The performance of viscoelastic tests varied across DOACs and assays. DOAC specific assays are more sensitive than unspecific assays. The plasma concentration of rivaroxaban and dabigatran correlates strongly with the ROTEM EXTEM, ClotPro RVV-test or ECA-test clotting time (CT) and TEG 6s anti-factor Xa (AFXa) or direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) channel reaction time (R). Results of clotting time (CT) and reaction time (R) within the normal range do not reliable exclude relevant residual DOAC plasma levels limiting the clinical utility of viscoelastic assays in this context.

Conclusion

Viscoelastic test assays can provide fast and essential point-of-care information regarding DOAC activity, especially DOAC specific assays. The identification and quantification of residual DOAC plasma concentration with DOAC unspecific viscoelastic assays are not sensitive enough, compared to recommended anti-Xa activity laboratory measurements.

Systematic review registration

[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=320629], identifier [CRD42022320629].