bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Control difuso tipo Mamdani para un brazo-robot con tres grados de libertad
Authors: Sterpin Dante , Giraldo Camilo , Cañón David
Published: March 2021

Los sistemas de razonamiento difuso pretenden simular la capacidad humana de tomar decisiones para actuar en condiciones ambiguas, como, por ejemplo, el hecho de extender el brazo un poco para alcanzar un objeto cercano. El cerebro ejecuta a diario este tipo de acciones sin necesidad de calcular exactamente cuán poco debe extenderse el brazo ni cuán cercano está el objeto. En este artículo se presenta el diseño y los resultados experimentales de un brazo robótico realizado como actividad de semillero de investigación en control difuso. Los resultados muestran que pueden especificarse secuencias de posiciones (x, y) y automáticamente el brazo ejecutará las acciones necesarias para lograrlas.
The Effect of Country of Origin and Product Quality on Purchase Intention: Case of Huawei Smartphones
Authors: Wiwaha Arjuna , Budiyanto Hendri
Published: March 2021

This study aimed to discuss and determine the influence of Country of Origin and Product Quality on Purchase Intention for Huawei Smartphones. The research was conducted in a smartphone retail company at PT. Erafone Artha Retailindo, a branch of Roxy Mas. The research method used is library research by literature studies, scientific journals, and reports. Field research was done by collecting data from research objects through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The data was collected from 140 visitors, who had not purchased at the Erafone branch in Roxy Mas. The valid sample used in this study amounted to 100 people. To process and analyze the data, this research used SPSS version 25. Based on the results, Country of Origin and Product Quality have a positive and significant effect either partially or simultaneously by 64.4%, on Huawei Smartphone Purchase Intention; the remaining 35.6% is influenced by other factors not covered in this study.
PENGARUH IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENDAFTARAN TANAH SISTEMATIS LENGKAP TERHADAP TERTIB PERTANAHAN DI KOTA BONTANG
Authors: Adma Sandy
Published: March 2021

This study aims to analyze the significant influence between the implementation of the Complete Systematic Land Registration policy on Land Order in the City of Bontang through the implementation of the PTSL policy, which is measured from the aspect approach: communication; resource; disposition; and bureaucratic structure. This research uses a quantitative method approach. The results showed that the implementation of the Systematic Complete Land Registration policy in the City of Bontang; well implemented in the aspects of communication, availability of resources, disposition, implementing policies, and aspects of the bureaucratic structure. The implementation of the Systematic Complete Land Registration policy in the City of Bontang has a positive impact on the creation of an orderly land law, seen from the decreasing number of land disputes and increased awareness of the people of the City of Bontang of the importance of an orderly land. Keyword : Complete Systematic Land Registration, Land Order
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA NOMOR 19 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG RENCANA INDUK PEMBANGUNAN KEPARIWISATAAN DI KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA
Authors: Rahman Rahman
Published: March 2021

This research aims to describe the implementation of tourism development policies in the Tenggarong District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors for tourism development efforts in Tenggarong District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. This research uses descriptive research type with qualitative methods. Later, the data obtained through interview techniques, observation, and documentation will be analyzed with interactive model analysis so that a conclusion can finally be obtained. The results showed that the implementation of tourism development policies in the Tenggarong Subdistrict, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, was running well but not yet effective, especially in the communication process, human resources, budget, birocracy structur and disposition.Keyword: implementation, policy, tourism development
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN WALIKOTA SAMARINDA NOMOR 12 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG TUNJANGAN TAMBAHAN PENGHASILAN BAGI PEGAWAI NEGERI SIPIL DI BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN, PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN DAERAH KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Rosmini Rosmini , Idris Adam
Published: March 2021

This article will discuss and analyze the implementation of the Samarinda Mayor Regulation Number 12 of 2016 concerning Additional Income Allowances for Civil Servants at the Regional Personnel, Education and Training Agency of Samarinda City. By using a qualitative approach, data collection through observation, documentation, and interviews, as well as a descriptive analysis model with coding techniques, the results of the research shows that the implementation of the additional income allowance policy still experiences several obstacles that reduce the optimization of policy implementation, such as communication errors that still occur between implementers and employees, limited resources that affect the quality of performance, the process of disposition and division of tasks that are still not optimal, and SOPs that have not been optimally implemented are related to too large a workload, so that the role and function of monitoring cannot be carried out.Keywords: implementation, allowances, additional income
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KETERBUKAAN INFORMASI PUBLIK PADA BADAN PUBLIK SEKTOR SUMBER DAYA ALAM DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Rahmani Muhammad Rizqi
Published: March 2021

This article will discuss the comparison and analysis of public information disclosure laws at the Plantation, Environment, Forestry, Energy and Mineral Resources Office in East Kalimantan Province. The methodology used is in the type of comparative research, where data is collected and analyzed that is narrative in nature, as well as in-depth information about the issues or problems to be solved. The research findings indicate that the public information disclosure policy has been implemented, but not optimal.Keywords: Implementation, Openness, Information, Public
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN KEPEGAWAIAN (SIMPEG) DI BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN PELATIHAN DAERAH KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Widyawan Dwi Cipta , Idris Adam
Published: March 2021

This article describes the Implementation of the Personnel Management Information System (SIMPEG) at the Regional Education and Training Personnel Board. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through observation, documentation, and interviews. This study uses data analysis developed interactive data. The results showed that the implementation of SIMPEG in BKPPD was not optimal. This is because the implementation of socialization was not effective, human resources were less competent, the level of commitment held by BKPPD employees was still low, and there was no SOP in implementing SIMPEG.Keywords: implementation, public policy, information systems, staffing
DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF HEAT EXCHANGE NETWORK AND EXERGY ANALYSIS FOR METHANATION PROCESS OF COAL-GAS
Authors: WANG C. , GUANG C. , ZHANG Z. S. , GAO J.
Published: March 2021

It has the significant meaning to design an energy-efficient heat exchange network (HEN) for the methanation process in the coal-gas industry in China. In this work, HENs are set up to produce multiple saturated steams with different pressure levels by software design and manual retrofit methodology based on pinch analysis, and evaluated from the economic and exergetic viewpoints. The result shows that high pressure steam (312℃, 10Mpa, 13000kg/h) and medium pressure saturated steam (175℃, 0.9Mpa, 500kg/h) can be cogenerated by the optimal HEN with lower exergy loss and economic cost as well as higher exergy efficiency.
PHYTOCHEMICALS AND INHIBITIVE PROPERTIES OF CASHEW EXTRACT AS CORROSION INHIBITOR OF ALUMINIUM IN H2SO4 MEDIUM
Authors: OMOTIOMA M. , ONUKWULI O. D. , OBIORA- OKAFO I.
Published: March 2021

This work studied the phytochemicals and inhibitive properties of cashew extract as corrosion inhibitor of aluminium in H2SO4 medium. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the cashew extract were carried out to identify and quantify the phytochemicals for the corrosion inhibition process. Thermometric and gravimetric techniques were employed in the study of corrosion inhibition of aluminium in H2SO4 medium. The inhibition efficiency of the cashew extract was modeled using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) of Design Expert Software 9. It was revealed that phytochemicals of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenolics, phytates, saponins and tanins were present in the cashew extract at various degrees. The cashew extract is predominantly made of flavonoids (425.0mg/100g) followed by alkaloids (221.7mg/100g).Adsorption of the cashew extract on the Al surface obeyed physical adsorption mechanism. Thermometric and gravimetric techniques are in agreement of recording high inhibition efficiencies of 83.7% and 82.5% respectively. The phytochemicals of the cashew extract are good inhibitive agents for the corrosion control process. A quadratic model is adequate for the description of the inhibition efficiency of the cashew extract as a function of inhibitor concentration, temperature and time.
EVALUATION OF THE SPACE HOLDERS TECHNIQUE APPLIED IN POWDER METALLURGY PROCESS IN THE USE OF TITANIUM AS BIOMATERIAL
Authors: Tochetto Ronei , Tochetto Rafael , Biehl Luciano V. , Medeiros J. L.B. , Dos Santos J. C. , De Souza José
Published: March 2021

The objective of this paper is the manufacture of a porous metal structure from commercially pure titanium powder grade 1, aiming at the possible application as a biomaterial in the re-generation of bone tissues assuming its architecture. Exper-imental methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the Space Holders tech-nique in the manufacture of powder metallurgy (MP). In the samples produced, 50% by volume of titanium powder and 50% of chemical reagent (So-dium Chloride - NaCl and Ammonium Bicarbonate - HN4HCO3) were added, compressed with a pressure of 250 Mpa. The metal-only test samples were com-pacted with pressures of 70 MPa and 250 MPa. The architecture found with the use of Space Holders was satisfactory, presenting sufficient conditions of size, morphology, and interconnectivity for bone growth within the structure. Samples made only with metal powder do not have enough pores even with lower compation pressure.
The NANOFLUID FLOW BETWEEN PARALLEL PLATES AND HEAT TRANSFER IN PRESENCE OF CHEMICAL REACTION AND POROUS MATRIX
Authors: Jena S. , Mishra S. R. , Pattnaik P.K. , Sharma Ram Prakash
Published: March 2021

This paper deals with nanofluid flow between parallel plates and heat transfer through porous media with heat source /sink. The governing equations are transformed into self-similar ordinary differential equations by adopting similarity transformations and then the converted equations are solved numerically by Runge-Kutta fourth order method. Special emphasis has been given to the parameters of physical interest which include Prandtl number, magnetic parameter, porous matrix, chemical reaction parameter and heat source parameter. The results obtained for velocity, temperature and concentration are shown in graphs. The comparison of the special case of this present results with the existing numerical solutions in the literature shows excellent agreement.
PENERAPAN METODE PERBANDINGAN EKSPONENSIAL UNTUK PRIORITAS PEMBINAAN INDUSTRI KECIL MENENGAH (IKM)
Authors: , Yogi Primadasa Amelia
Published: March 2021

Dinas Perdagangan dan Perindustrian Kota Lubuklinggau selalu berupaya untuk membantu Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) di Kota Lubuklinggau dalam meningkatkan perkembangan industrinya melalui pembinaan berupa pemberian bantuan seperti bantuan mesin, dana, dan pemasarannya sehingga penentuan prioritas pembinaan IKM penting dilakukan agar bantuan tersebut dapat diberikan kepada IKM yang benar – benar membutuhkannya. Dalam penentuan prioritas pembinaan IKM masih memiliki kendala yaitu tidak adanya sistem yang dapat mendukung dalam proses pengambilan keputusan untuk menentukan IKM yang berhak untuk diprioritaskan karena hanya dilakukan dengan melihat kembali blanko pendataan IKM yang telah mendaftar dan membandingkannya untuk dilakukan penilaian. Namun proses penilaian masih menggunakan dua kriteria yaitu penggunaan mesin dan jumlah pekerja yang dinilai masih belum optimal sehingga bantuan yang diberikan dinilai kurang tepat maka hanya dengan menimbang dua kriteria itu saja, hasil yang didapat untuk diberikan kepada Kabid untuk mendapatkan keputusan seringkali kurang tepat sasaran. solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini adalah dengan membangun sistem pendukung keputusan penentuan prioritas pembinaan IKM yang nantinya dapat membantu Dinas Perdagangan dan Perindustrian Kota Lubuklinggau dalam menentukan prioritas pembinaan IKM atas informasi yang dihasilkan.
PENERAPAN METODE OLAP DALAM SIE PELAYANAN ADMINISTRASI KECAMATAN MEGANG SAKTI BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Refky Ari Yunanda, Syafri Aprudi
Published: March 2021

Kecamatan Megang Sakti Merupakan instansi yang bergerak di bidang pemerintahan, yang memberikan pelayanan terhadap masyarakat. Sebagai salah satu instansi pemerintahan yang menyediakan pelayanan terhadap masyarakat, Kecamatan Megang Sakti mempunyai sebuah permasalahan pada pendataan atau laporan dalam bidang pelayanan umum berupa kartu keluarga, kartu tanda penduduk, surat pindah, akte kelahiran dan akte kematian yang masih dikerjakan secara manual. Dalam proses pendataan maupun laporan membutuhkan waktu yang lama, data yang tidak akurat, hilangnya data sehingga mempersulit pimpinan dalam melihat hasil laporan dan mengambil tindakan tertentu. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka penulis melakukan penelitian yang berjudul Penerapan Metode Olap Dalam Sistem Informasi Eksekutif Pelayanan Administrasi Pada Kecamatan Megang Sakti Berbasis Web, dengan dibangun nya sistem tersebut diharapkan dapat mempermudah pendataan atau laporan serta mempermudah pimpinan dalam mengambil tindakan tertentu. Dalam pembuatan sistem tersebut menggunakan Bahasa Pemrograman PHP, serta didukung MySQL sebagai database server.
PENERAPAN METODE WEIGHTED PRODUCT DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PENERIMAAN ASISTEN LABORATORIUM KOMPUTER DENGAN METODE WEIGHTED PRODUCT
Authors: Randa Hendro Nurman, Ahmadi
Published: March 2021

Keberadaan asisten di laboratorium komputer merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam menunjang proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran praktikum. Seorang asisten laboratorium yang bertugas sebagai pendamping guru pada kegiatan praktikum  harus memahami materi praktikum dan mampu membimbing siswa untuk mencapai standar kompetensi yang telah ditetapkan. Proses penerimaan asisten laboratorium komputer memiliki beberapa kriteria  penilaian baik  dari akademik  maupun  non  akademik. Kesalahan dalam pengambilan keputusan menimbulkan ketidak percayaan terhadap kualitas asisten laboratorium komputer yang diterima dan berdampak pada menurunnya pemahaman dan keterampilan siswa terhadap mata pelajaran tertentu. Dengan dibangunnya “Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penerimaan Asisten Laboratorium Komputer Dengan Metode Weighted Product Pada SMK N 5 Rejang Lebong” dapat membantu guru untuk lebih selektif dalam penempatan siswa yang memang memiliki kompetensi dalam bidang IT pada laboratorium komputer SMK N 5 Put Rejang Lebong yang sebelum nya setiap 1 tahun sekali hanya dipilih bukan berdasarkan penilaian dari nilai akademik siswa yang mengarah pada kemampuan tertentu.
Overview of Chinese Characters Unique to Korea
Authors: YOON Chang-joon
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the situation of Chinese characters unique to Korea made in Korea and used only in Korea was analyzed. Such a study will provide major information on how Korean ancestors used their unique Chinese characters and what contents the unique Chinese characters were intended to contain. This study is also expected to help the understanding of how Chinese characters were used in the different language environments for Korean and Chinese with different language systems from each other and how those meanings unique to Korea that could not be expressed in Chinese characters were written.
A Novel of Displacement: Seeking Spatial Justice in Bleak House's Consequential Ground
Authors: Hatch Michael P.
Published: March 2021

Taking the microspatial fog in Charles Dickens's Bleak House as a top-down perspective and the London streets as a bottom-up perspective creates compelling arguments for seeing this novel spatially. Drawing on principles from Edward W. Soja's Seeking Spatial Justice, this article contends that Bleak House uses numerous telescoping perspectives alongside these two narrators to explore the impacts of spatial injustice and critique social institutions that displace and threaten the lives of those they should be benefiting and assisting. Soja's proposition of exogenous (top-down), endogenous (bottom-up) and mesogeographical (middle or regional) geographical distributions helps show how Bleak House represents London to show disparity across social spaces and the lives of those who inhabit them through the unequal distribution of material and abstract resources. In doing so, Bleak House challenges its readers to look beyond one's own space and consider the social, political, and economic factors that contribute to our spaces and how these spaces extend outwards, thereby displacing its reader from an isolated perspective to one attentive to their situatedness in a broad, complex social space, and the implications of social space and geography.
Fitzgerald’s Seven-Year Plan
Authors: West James L. W.
Published: March 2021

At some point in late 1938 or early 1939, F. Scott Fitzgerald produced an autobiographical chart entitled “Seven Years” that appears to have been an effort to map his life in seven-year increments. This single sheet of paper, for unknown reasons, ended up filed in a stack of miscellaneous materials from the composition of Tender Is the Night, published a few years earlier in 1934. This article speculates that “Seven Years” is a preliminary outline for the “reminiscent book” that Maxwell Perkins first suggested Fitzgerald try his hand at writing in 1936—not a confessional autobiography, Perkins specified, still concerned about the damage that the “Crack-Up” essays recently published in Esquire had caused the writer’s reputation, but a look back at the stages of his life. Evidence from a handful of published works suggests Fitzgerald was already prone to think of his life in seven-year intervals; with some variations in detail, a second, similar document also headed “Seven Years” and reprinted in Matthew J. Bruccoli’s biography Some Sort of Epic Grandeur: The Life of F. Scott Fitzgerald (originally published in 1981, and last revised in 2002) seems to corroborate the plan. (This location of this second sheet in the Fitzgerald papers at Princeton is unclear, however.) Had he lived long enough into the 1940s and beyond to flesh out this chart into a full-length manuscript, it might have proved his version of Stein’s The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas or Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast: a memoir that surveyed a much longer career than the one his premature death sadly cut short.
An Invisible Song
Authors: Lanius Marcela
Published: March 2021

Zelda Fitzgerald’s lone play, Scandalabra, is traditionally dismissed either as a minor literary curiosity that followed the critical and commercial failure of her only published novel, Save Me the Waltz, or as a source of domestic conflict during a turbulent, contentious time in the Fitzgeralds’ marriage when the husband accused his wife of poaching upon his artistic territory. As a result, the play has not yet been subject to proper study or commentary. A closer reading of it, however, reveals that this forgotten piece offers a fascinating, and even innovative, exercise in dramatic language, especially in its use of stage directions. By reading Scandalabra first as a text relevant to a specific movement within the tradition of theatrical realism, second as a further development of the voice its author was crafting in her short stories, and finally as a play that can benefit from a new theatrical context that understands stage directions as a place for formal and linguistic innovation, it is possible to understand the play not as an extravagance of an artist unaccustomed to writing for the theater, but rather as a conscious effort in Fitzgerald’s development as a writer.
F. Scott Fitzgerald’s “Winter Dreams”
Authors: Kruse Horst H.
Published: March 2021

“A sort of 1st draft of the Gatsby idea” (Life in Letters 121), F. Scott Fitzgerald’s 1922 short story “Winter Dreams” is an assessment of his romance with Ginevra King, his first love. This article explores the wealth of direct and indirect, as well as outright arcane, references to facts and incidents in the lives of Fitzgerald and King and their relationship. It argues that in their complexity these references make sense only if the story is read as the author’s deliberate message to Ginevra, devised in continuation of their erstwhile exchange of bits of fiction written for and about each other to discuss aspects of their relationship. An extraneous reference to the autobiographical hero’s Bohemian immigrant mother—wholly incompatible with the author’s biography—likewise points beyond the fictive world of the story and acknowledges the example of Willa Cather, whose novel My Ántonia (1918) had helped Fitzgerald to conceive and shape his own story of Midwestern experience.
Julia Ward Howe, Maud Howe, and an Archival Legacy: Recordkeeping and the Library of Women’s Books at the 1884 Cotton Centennial
Authors: Tucker Susan
Published: March 2021

In 1884–85, the city of New Orleans hosted a world’s fair, meant to show a New South that was unified within the whole of the United States. One facet of this welcoming vision was a Woman’s Department, where Julia Ward Howe and daughter Maud Howe gathered a literary exhibition, a library of books by women. Maud Howe left the books to the city of New Orleans, but she and her mother also left a legacy of the library’s contents in a shelf list naming the some 1,400 books. This is the story of that list, its survival set within archival theory, its survival dependent on the recordkeeping of the Howes, its affordance today of a digital recreation of the library, and its reinsertion as a once obscured placeholder within the timeline of women’s libraries.
The Design of the Carnegie Library in Danville, Illinois (1904): Rereading the Reputation of the Carnegie Library Built-Form in America
Authors: Black Alistair , Prizeman Oriel
Published: March 2021

Opened in 1904, the Carnegie public library in Danville, Illinois, was much praised as a civic institution, not only for the services it provided but also for its impressive architectural presence. Responding negatively to a request made in 1910 by the Danville Library Board for additional funding to enlarge the library, Andrew Carnegie’s private secretary and overseer of building applications and plans, James Bertram, was retrospectively critical of what he viewed as the space-wastefulness of the original Danville design. Using this criticism as a sounding board, as well as by drawing on ideas about library architecture debated by librarians over the previous generation, this article attempts to highlight the progressive elements of the Danville design, thus suggesting the possibility of a wider re-reading of the Carnegie library building type, including buildings designed before the more systematic scrutiny and guidance introduced by Carnegie from 1908.
“A Power So Compelling”: Services for African Americans and Steps Toward Integration at the Richmond Public Library, 1925–1964
Authors: Zukas Alexandra
Published: March 2021

In the waning days of the Jim Crow era in Virginia, the integration of public libraries was a hotly contested issue. However, public libraries in the state capitol, Richmond, integrated in 1947. That the library system integrated prior to the Brown v. Board of Education ruling might at first suggest progressivism; however, this belies the library system’s incremental and often unwilling journey towards integration. Through an examination of the Richmond Public Library’s services for African Americans between 1925 and 1947, this study explores the circumstances preceding desegregation while considering the methods the Richmond Public Library used to maintain de facto segregation after integration. It additionally uncovers the untold story of the community advocacy that was the catalyst not just for the establishment of the library system’s first branch for African Americans, but also for the system’s eventual integration.
The American Heritage Project: A Legacy of Public Libraries and Community Discussions
Authors: Alvarez Barbara A.
Published: March 2021

From 1951 to 1955, the American Library Association’s (ALA) national reading and discussion program, the American Heritage Project, facilitated community conversations about democracy across public libraries in the United States. In partnership between the ALA and the Ford Foundation’s Fund for Adult Education, the American Heritage Project was born from decades of emerging adult education programs across the United States that existed inside and outside of public libraries. The American Heritage Project is significant because it developed a platform of discussion groups that demonstrated the library’s newly established commitment to defending intellectual freedom through adult education.
“Road of No Return”: Farview State Hospital
Authors: Stump Tyler
Published: March 2021

Farview State Hospital was Pennsylvania's designated mental institution for the “criminally insane” from 1909 to 1995. During that time, it was frequently regarded as the state's worst institution in terms of general conditions and rehabilitation/treatment for inmates. The institution also endured several major scandals that exposed its brutal living conditions to the public. Analysis of Farview's long history (including several failed attempts to establish the hospital in the nineteenth century) lets us see the consequences of decisions made in the formative years of the institution. This article identifies the origins of these trends, controversies, and inmate conditions at Farview and places them in the larger world of transformations of attitudes toward mental health and disability, criminal justice, and institutionalization in Pennsylvania in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
“Most Deeply Hardened”: Eric T. Kunsman Photographs the Eastern State Penitentiary
Authors: Saretzky Gary D.
Published: March 2021

Eric Kunsman diligently traveled to Eastern State Penitentiary (ESP) 362 times between 2003 and 2014 to photograph, inspired by reading the 1830s–1840s journals of ESP administrators who recorded the prisoners’ “moral condition.” ESP’s “Pennsylvania System” minimized social interaction among inmates, who in solitary confinement for years were expected to reform themselves through meditating on their crimes. Today ESP’s deteriorated appearance and doleful aspect is maintained by museum policy. Kunsman’s evocative work reminds us that ideas about crime and punishment have evolved over time and that artists have a role in shaping public policy regarding incarceration.
Mr. Jefferson’s Secret Agent: Tadeusz Kościuszko and the Rapprochement between France and the United States
Authors: Pula James S.
Published: March 2021

When Tadeusz Kościuszko returned to the United States in 1797, serious political divisions divided the nation, war threatened between the U.S. and France, and the wars of the French Revolution had Europe in turmoil. Each of these circumstances shaped his brief stay in America and his eventual return to Europe. This article examines the domestic political factionalism that led Thomas Jefferson, then vice president of the United States, to enlist Kościuszko as a secret agent, behind the back of President John Adams, to assist in negotiating a rapprochement with France. It also explores how the Pole’s continuing goal of supporting the independence of his homeland intersected with international relations in Europe at the time to facilitate his mission. Finally, it proposes answers as to the nature of the arguments Kościuszko made on behalf of the United States and presents evidence from primary sources that support the Pole’s role in defusing U.S.-French tensions.
The Impact of Serious Safety Incidents on Airline Stocks
Authors: Born Jeffery A.
Published: March 2021

The impact of commercial airplane crashes on the shareholder wealth of US-listed airline stocks has been the focus of many prior studies, but none have explored the concomitant impact on trading volume. We expand the scope of prior studies to include near crashes. We examine 262 ‘incidents’ from 1962 to 2018 (220 with return evidence) and document a significant (negative) wealth impact for crashes with fatalities and casualties, and an insignificant impact for incidents with no casualties. We find that log-transformed trading volume spikes upward in the three-day crash-period window and that trading volume remains abnormally high in the three plus weeks that follow the crash when casualties occur. We interpret the high level of post-event trading to be consistent with a noise trader hypothesis: naïve trading hoping to take advantage of airline stock over-reaction – which we do not detect.
Managerial Discretion: The Relationship Between Investments in R & D and Performance -Revisited: Case of Tunisian Enterprises
Authors: Sfar Dorsaf Bentaleb
Published: March 2021

This article proposes a re-reading of the role of R & D investments in the performance equation when a manifestation of an opportunistic inclination on the part of managers occurs. Often, the manager and the owners express different expectations regarding investment choices in R & D. Although shareholders are looking for performance, the manager sometimes has a tendency to broaden his managerial discretion. The choice of R & D investments could thus reinforce managerial entrenchment. We will demonstrate the moderation exercised by managerial discretion on the R & D / Performance relationship.Our empirical validation will be put to examination against the Tunisian context by deploying various tests. We come to grips with the characteristics of the Tunisian context through an empirical study of 75 companies observed over a 7 -year time lapse, i.e. from 2008 to 2014. The explanatory analysis was an opportunity to highlight the existence of a moderation exercised over the main relationship dealt with.
Some Pythagorean type equations concerning arithmetic functions
Authors: Kézér Ildikó
Published: March 2021

We investigate some equations involving the number of divisors d(n); the sum of divisors σ(n); Euler's totient function ϕ(n); the number of distinct prime factors ω(n); and the number of all prime factors (counted with multiplicity) Ω(n). The first part deals with equation f(xy) + f(xz) = f(yz). In the second part, as an analogy to x2 + y2 = z2, we study equation f(x2) + f(y2) = f(z2) and its generalization to higher degrees and more terms. We use just elementary methods and basic facts about the above functions and indicate why and how to discuss this topic in group study sessions or special maths classes of secondary schools in the framework of inquiry based learning.

Subject Classification: 97F60, 11A25
Health Promotion Model on Preventive Behaviors of Risk Factors for Adults’ Metabolic Syndrome in Ponorogo, Indonesia
Authors: Bachrun Edy , Murti Bhisma , Wijaya Mahendra , Sulaeman Endang Sutisna
Published: March 2021

In Ponorogo, there are three risk factors for metabolic syndrome higher than national numbers that are 74% of physical inactivity with 26.1 % of national number, 46.9% of hypertension risk with 26.6% of national number, and 40.6% of weight with 28.9% of national number (Rosjidi et al., 2015). This research aimed at finding out the effects of individual beliefs, social capital and other effects on preventive behaviors of risk factors for adults’ metabolic syndrome. This control case study was employed on October 2019 in Ponorogo Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The dependent variables were preventive behaviors of risk factors for metabolic syndrome. The independent variables were perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, governmental support, peer support, social capital, imitation, collective efficacy, and outcome expectations. The data was obtained using questionnaires and then analyzed by using a path analysis of 13 strata program. There were direct effects of self-efficacy, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and perceived severity on preventive behaviors of risk factors for metabolic syndrome. There were indirect effects of perceived susceptibility toward perceived severity, perceived benefits toward perceived barriers, governmental support toward perceived barriers, peer support toward imitation, collective efficacy toward self-efficacy, imitation toward self-efficacy, outcome expectations toward perceived benefits, social capital toward collective efficacy, imitation through toward preventive behaviors of risk factors for metabolic syndrome.
COVID-19 Early Detection Tool for Elder Abuse during Epidemics, Digital Analysis of Color Tone on the Surface of the Skin in Elderly People
Authors: Yamada Noriko , Hyodoh Hideki , Matsuhashi Tomoko , Oikawa Shinichi
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to attempt a digital analysis of body color tone of elderly subjects, thus demonstrating that nurses and caregivers can easily and reliably record changes in body color tone.

This cross-sectional study took place between April 1, 2017 and March 31, 2019. A workshop was set up where observers received explanations from researchers on how to use color charts and recording forms. Measurement instruments (digital cameras) were also standardized in this effort. While the elderly subjects targeted by this study suffered from dementia, they were able to converse and understood the purpose of the study, and the study was conducted with their and their families’consent. In addition, after receiving approval from a research ethics examination from an affiliated university, the target facility gaining this consent was subjected to an ethical review, after which we implemented the study in accordance with ethical guidelines for medical research on humans.

Consent was obtained from 30 subjects (20 female (66.7%), 8 male (26.7%) and 2 for which the gender was unknown; average age: 87.8 years (minimum 80 years, maximum 100 years)). We were able to perform digital image analysis of the lesion site and unaffected parts, and present numerical values.

Evaluations by observers were significantly different depending on the individual, and subjectivity greatly influenced comparisons with the color chart based on visual evaluations. It was confirmed that numerical evaluation of images taken in hospitals and nursing homes could also be performed using general-purpose software.
Risk Economic Viability Focusing on Energy Efficiency in Three Genotypes of Elephant Grass in the Municipality of Alegre, Brazil
Authors: Stida Wanessa Francesconi , Daher Rogério Figueiredo , Sant’Ana José Augusto de Almeida , Ponciano Niraldo José , Furlani Eduardo Peres , Vidal Ana Kesia Faria , Freitas Rafael Souza , Lima Wallace Luís de , Novo Antônio Alonso Cecon , Santos Paulo Ricardo dos , Souza Sebastião Décio Coimbra de , Júnior César Otaviano Penna , Oliveira Erik da Silva , Souza Alexandre Gomes de , Santos Raiane Mariani , Nascimento Maxwel Rodrigues , Santana Josefa Grasiela Silva
Published: March 2021

The use, on a large scale, of fossil fuels and their derivatives has devastating long-term consequences for mankind. Therefore is an urgent need to seek new alternatives for sustainable energy production. This fact is one of the great challenges to be faced by researchers worldwide. Within this context, the elephant grass has been standing out successfully in the production of biomass for energy purposes. The purpose in this study was to analyze the economic viability of biomass production of three genotypes of elephant grass for energy purposes and to identify the risk by means of the Monte Carlo simulation. The economic indicators were obtained by calculating the Net Present Value (NPV), the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and the Profitability Index (PI). To determine the degree of uncertainty, analysis of sensitivity was applied. Results indicated viability for all genotypes, especially the Guaçú/I.Z.2, with IRR of 17.79%. Variation in sale price of grass generates a greater impact on profitability, followed by the labor and fertilization costs. The risk of failure was relatively low, with the exception of Capim Cana D’África, 38.16%. Among the three genotypes studied, the G1 genotype (Guaçú/I.Z.2) stood out as the one with the best economic viability.
Vertical Distribution of Euschistus heros in the Leaf Canopy of Soybean Plants
Authors: Silva P. G. , Vieira M. C. S. , Vieira E. C. S. , Silva I. F. , Ávila C. J.
Published: March 2021

The occurrence of phytophagous stink bugs in soybeans can result in production losses, if this pest is not properly controlled. Our objective was to study the vertical distribution (intra-plant) of nymphs and adults of Euschistus heros (Fabricius, 1798) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in the leaf canopy of soybean plants, during the day. For this, fourteen soybean plants located in one meter of row were evaluated in the field, every three hours between 5 am and 8 pm. The sampled plants were divided into three strata (upper, middle, and lower), where nymphs and adults observed were counted in each stratum and sampling period. The treatments consisted of the three strata of the soybean plants and the different sampling points performed at each time of the day represented the repetitions. An irregular distribution of E. heros nymphs and adults was observed in the three studied strata of soybean plants, during the day. At 11 am and 2 pm, when the ambient temperature and solar radiation were highest, both the E. heros adults and the nymphs positioned preferentially on the upper stratum of the soybean plants and later migrated to the middle and lower strata when the temperature and solar radiation decreased. This information about the distribution pattern of E. heros in the soybean leaf canopy, during the day, provides knowledge for more effective monitoring and control of this pest in soybean crop.
Influence of Diceraeus melacanthus (Hemiptera:Pentatomidae) on the Development and Reactive-Oxigen-Related Enzyme Activity of Corn Seedlings
Authors: Pascutti T. M. , Coelho É. M. P. , Prado E. P. , Ferreira Filho P. J. , Boiça Junior A. L. , Guerreiro J. C.
Published: March 2021

The damage caused by insect pests in plants can considerably affect their development and crop yield. It can also cause the activation of biochemical defense mechanisms in the plant, combined with the production of reactive oxygen species. The levels of these oxygen molecules are controlled by antioxidant enzymes and this mechanism is an important plant defense process. The aim of this study is to learn the effect of feeding by the stink bug, Diceraeus melacanthus, on the growth of corn plants and on the activity of the antioxidant enzyme peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT). The study was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, with a 2 × 4 factorial block and five replications. The first factor was composed of plants with and without the presence of the bug and the second factor was composed the age of corn plants, two, four, six, and eight days after emergence. Corn seedlings infested with the stink bug were negatively influenced in terms of plant height, root mass and increasing in activity of the POD enzyme was 84% higher in plants infested at 8th DAE. The CAT enzyme activity was not detected in the samples. The stink bug feeding affected the growth of the corn seedlings. The analysis of the POD enzyme could be a valuable tool to quantify the stress caused by the stink bug in futures studies.
Performance of Urea-Based Fertilizers Associated With Elemental Sulfur or Polymers on Ammonia Volatilization
Authors: Campos Odirley Rodrigues , Mattiello Edson Marcio , Santos Wedisson Oliveira , Cantarutti Reinaldo Bertola , Cuesta Rafael Coca , Ballotin Fabiane Carvalho
Published: March 2021

High N-NH3 losses are expected when conventional urea is applied to the soil surface. In order to reduce it, urea granules could be coated with different materials to decrease fertilizer dissolution rate or to stabilize N-NH4+ by acidification. In this study, we investigated the effect of a polymer-coated urea and powdered S0 added to urea, in the presence or absence of a S-oxidizing bacterium (Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans), on soil pH, SO42- availability, NH4+, and NH3 volatilization. Applying S0 before urea and the inoculation with bacteria have promoted the highest S0 oxidation rates. The greater decrease in soil pH occurred when S0 was applied before urea at a higher dose, which also decreased NH3 volatilization by 83% up to 4 days after urea application. However, the decrease in soil pH did not increase the concentration of NH4+, nor did it decrease the accumulated amount of volatilized NH3 over time. The inoculation of A. thiooxidans accelerates S0 oxidation process, but it was insufficient to counteract the H+ consumption by urea hydrolysis. Therefore, the S0 application with urea did not offer chemical protection against NH3 loss, but a physical barrier in the controlled-release urea had less dissolved urea in soil and reduced NH3 losses.
Desmodium tortuosum, Euphorbia heterophylla and Moringa oleifera Effect on Local Rabbit Does Milk Production and Pups’ Performances
Authors: Konan Koffi Mathurin , Tiho Tagouèlbè , Koné Gningnini Alain , Assidjo Nogbou Emmanuel , Marnet Pierre Guy , Kouba Maryline
Published: March 2021

Desmodium tortuosum and Euphorbia heterophylla are fields’ weeds. Moringa oleifera plant is adapted to several agroecological zones and has many food and medicinal virtues. This work assessed these three plants potential to induce milk production. Thus, 96 primiparous local breed rabbit does, 10 months old, with an average 2983.6±212.4 g weight were used. They were grouped into 4 blocks containing 24 animals each. Then, one diet among 4 diets was randomly assigned to each group. Panicum maximum as fodder was mixed with a commercial pellet rabbit feed, the control (Pan). Then, this control diet was supplemented with Desmodium tortuosum (Des), Euphorbia heterophylla (Eup) and Moringa oleifera (Mor) in pellet partial substitution. The parameters monitored were the litter size, the pups’ average daily weight gain, the does’ weights before and during gestation, and after farrowing. Likewise, the milk production at peak lactation was evaluated. As a result, compare to Pan, Des, and Eup diets improved the total rabbit pups’ number from 96 to 112, and it represented a 16.67% gain. But Mor diet reduced Pan diet performance to 76 newborn rabbits, it was a 20.83% loss. Moreover, Des, Eup, and Mor diets induced an improvement in the milk quantity at peak lactation. In this order, these improvements were +15.51, +27.74, and +19.98%, respectively, compared to Pan diet which produced 109.6 g. In conclusion, Desmodium tortuosum and Euphorbia heterophylla could be used as green forages to improve milk production in local rabbit does breeding.
Politiewetenschappers en hun taboes
Authors: Meershoek Guus , Janssen Janine
Published: March 2021

Police researchers and their taboos. A plea for mind-expanding reflections

The authors have taken a contribution from Frank Bovenkerk from 2003 as a starting point. In this text, Bovenkerk reflects on taboos in criminology. In science, in addition to independence, focus on truth-finding, a willingness to self-correct and organized skepticism, courage is also an important quality. Where Bovenkerk focuses more broadly on criminology, this contribution focuses in particular on taboos and requirements for scientists in police research.
Over hervorming in het gevangeniswezen
Authors: van Wingerden Sigrid
Published: March 2021

On prison reform

In 1922 Honing gave a speech for the Society for the Moral Improvement of Prisoners, in which he advocated renewal in the prison system: for the sake of rehabilitation the system of solitary confinement should be replaced by a prison system in which prisoners actually share facilities and live together. His proposal for reform is theory driven and accompanied by a plan to experiment with the joint confinement before implementing it. This is in sharp contrast with contemporary prison reforms, which impair the possibilities for rehabilitation of prisoners.
A comparison of an RGB-D cameras performance and a stereo camera in relation to object recognition and spatial position determination
Authors: Rodriguez Julian Severiano
Published: March 2021

Results of using an RGB-D camera (Kinect sensor) and a stereo camera, separately, in order to determine the 3D real position of characteristic points of a predetermined object in a scene are presented. KAZE algorithm was used to make the recognition, that algorithm exploits the nonlinear scale space through nonlinear diffusion filtering; 3D coordinates of the centroid of a predetermined object were calculated employing the camera calibration information and the depth parameter provided by a Kinect sensor and a stereo camera. Experimental results show it is possible to get the required coordinates with both cameras in order to locate a robot, although a balance in the distance where the sensor is placed must be guaranteed: no fewer than 0.8 m from the object to guarantee the real depth information, it is due to Kinect operating range; 0.5 m to stereo camera, but it must not be 1 m away to have a suitable rate of object recognition, besides, Kinect sensor has more precision with distance measures regarding a stereo camera.
Recognition of Devanagari Scene Text Using Autoencoder CNN
Authors: Shiravale Sankirti Sandeep , R Jayadevan , Sannakki Sanjeev S
Published: March 2021

Scene text recognition is a well-rooted research domain covering a diverse application area. Recognition of scene text is challenging due to the complex nature of scene images. Various structural characteristics of the script also influence the recognition process. Text and background segmentation is a mandatory step in the scene text recognition process. A text recognition system produces the most accurate results if the structural and contextual information is preserved by the segmentation technique.  Therefore, an attempt is made here to develop a robust foreground/background segmentation(separation) technique that produces the highest recognition results. A ground-truth dataset containing Devanagari scene text images is prepared for the experimentation. An encoder-decoder convolutional neural network model is used for text/background segmentation. The model is trained with Devanagari scene text images for pixel-wise classification of text and background.  The segmented text is then recognized using an existing OCR engine (Tesseract). The word and character level recognition rates are computed and compared with other existing segmentation techniques to establish the effectiveness of the proposed technique.