bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Analytical Solution of Fractional SIR Epidemic Model
Authors: Qazza Ahmad , Saadeh Rania
Published: February 2023

This article presents the solution of the fractional SIR epidemic model using the Laplace residual power series method. We introduce the fractional SIR model in the sense of Caputo’s derivative; it is presented by three fractional differential equations, in which the third one depends on the first coupled equations. The Laplace residual power series method (LRPSM) is implemented in this research to solve the proposed model, in which we present the solution in a form of convergent series expansion that converges rapidly to the exact one. We analyze the results and compare the obtained approximate solutions to those obtained from other methods. Figures and tables are illustrated to show the efficiency of the LRPSM in handling the proposed SIR model.
Radiotherapy/Chemotherapy-Immunotherapy for Cancer Management: From Mechanisms to Clinical Implications
Authors: Li Qian , Lei Xu , Zhu Jing , Zhong Yanping , Yang Junjie , Wang Jincheng , Tan Huabing
Published: February 2023

Cancer immunotherapy has drawn much attention because it can restart the recognition and killing function of the immune system to normalize the antitumor immune response. However, the role of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment cannot be ignored. Due to cancer heterogeneity, combined therapy has become a new trend, and its efficacy has been confirmed in many studies. This review discussed the clinical implications and the underlying mechanisms of cancer immunotherapy in combination with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, offering an outline for clinicians as well as inspiration for future research.
Determining Point of Economic Cattle Milk Production through Machine Learning and Evolutionary Algorithm for Enhancing Food Security
Authors: Bhardwaj Sonam , Tarafdar Ayon , Baghel Manoj , Dutt Triveni , Gaur Gyanendra Kumar
Published: February 2023

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) in conjugation with genetic algorithms (GAs) have been demonstrated to be an effective tool for system modelling and optimization in a variety of applications. The current communique is about assessing the capacity of ANN to predict investment on cattle till age at first calving (AFC) and milk production based on the data of 340 Vrindavani crossbreed cattle developed at the ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute in Izatnagar, India. Three distinct artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms, namely, Levenberg–Marquardt (LM), Bayesian regularization (BR), and gradient descent momentum with adaptive learning rate backpropagation (GDX) were used to train the ANN infrastructure for determining milk production and investment based on body weight and AFC as input variables. The results showed that BR with 2 hidden layer neurons showed excellent prediction ability (R2 = 0.999, MSE < 10−6) and was therefore used as an objective function by GA for optimization. The optimized results revealed that higher milk production is achievable at lower investment if the age at first calving is 768 days with a body weight of ∼281 kg. The information generated by this investigation will aid in ensuring food security in terms of higher milk production while making the dairy business more sustainable and profitable for the farmers.
Has Internet Usage Really Narrowed the Gender Wage Gap?: Evidence from Chinese General Social Survey Data
Authors: Gao Jiacheng , Liu Yue
Published: February 2023

Based on the data from a sample of 4832 from the Chinese General Social Survey in 2018, this study examines the impact of Internet usage on the wage equation for males and females by using the robust least squares regression method, the threshold regression method, and the quantile regression method and decomposes the gender wage gap on this basis by using the RIF regression decomposition method. The findings show that, firstly, in either linear or nonlinear effects, Internet usage has a significant wage premium effect on the male wage equation, and this premium effect increases as male wage income rises, but Internet usage consistently does not have a significant effect on the female wage equation. Secondly, 26.73% of the overall gender wage gap is due to Internet usage, and the presence of gender discrimination in the cyberspace is a significant contributor to this result. Thirdly, Internet usage causes the gender wage gaps at different wage levels to be further widened to different degrees. Specifically, Internet usage has the strongest effect on the gender wage gap at lower wage levels, the second strongest effect on the gender wage gap at higher wage levels, and the weakest effect on the gender wage gap at middle wage levels. The different levels of gender discrimination experienced by females in the cyberspace are an important cause of the differential widening effect of Internet usage on gender wage gaps at different wage levels. Therefore, this study proposes policy recommendations in terms of regulating gender discrimination and introducing relevant female protection policies.
Premorbid Use of Beta-Blockers or Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zeng Yuanyuan , Nie Kelin , Wallace Kevin L. , Li Fangfang , Zhang Jing , Li Caizhen , Wang Yingying , Zhang Jiewen , Wang Jian , Jiang Chao
Published: February 2023

This study was designed to investigate the impact of the preexisting use of beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on the cellular immune response in peripheral blood and the clinical outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke. We retrospectively collected clinical data from a cohort of 69 patients with premorbid beta-blockers and 56 patients with premorbid ACEIs/ARBs. Additionally, we selected a cohort of 107 patients with acute ischemic stroke to be the control of the same age and sex. We analyzed cellular immune parameters in peripheral blood 1 day after the appearance of symptoms, including the frequencies of circulating white blood cell subpopulations, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). We found that the count of lymphocytes and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio were significantly higher in the peripheral blood of patients treated with beta-blockers before stroke than in matched controls. However, the premorbid use of ACEIs/ARBs did not considerably impact the circulating immune parameters listed above in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Furthermore, we found that premorbid use of beta-blockers or ACEIs/ARBs did not significantly change functional outcomes in patients 3 months after the onset of stroke. These results suggest that premorbid use of beta-blockers, but not ACEIs/ARBs, reversed lymphopenia associated with acute ischemic stroke. As cellular immune changes in peripheral blood could be an independent predictor of stroke prognosis, more large-scale studies are warranted to further verify the impact of premorbid use of beta-blockers or ACEIs/ARBs on the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke. Our research is beneficial to understanding the mechanism of the systemic immune response induced by stroke and has the potential for a therapeutic strategy in stroke interventions and treatment.
Identification of a Five Immune Term Signature for Prognosis and Therapy Options (Immunotherapy versus Targeted Therapy) for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bin Xiaoyun , Luo Zongjiang , Wang Jianchu , Zhou Sufang
Published: February 2023

Background. Immune microenvironment implicated in liver cancer development. Nevertheless, previous studies have not fully investigated the immune microenvironment in liver cancer. Methods. The open‐access data used for analysis were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA‐LIHC) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium databases (ICGC‐JP and ICGC‐FR). R program was employed to analyze all the data statistically. Results. First, the TCGA‐LIHC, ICGC‐FR, and ICGC‐JP cohorts were selected for our analysis, which were merged into a combined cohort. Then, we quantified 53 immune terms in this combined cohort with large populations using the ssGSEA algorithm. Next, a prognostic approach was established based on five immune principles (CORE.SERUM.RESPONSE.UP, angiogenesis, CD8.T.cells, Th2.cells, and B.cells) was established, which showed great prognostic prediction efficiency. Clinical correlation analysis demonstrated that high‐risk patients could reveal higher progressive clinical features. Next, to examine the inherent biological variations in high‐ and low‐risk patients, pathway enrichment tests were conducted. DNA repair, E2F targets, G2M checkpoints, HEDGEHOG signaling, mTORC1 signaling, and MYC target were positively correlated with the risk score. Examination of genomic instability revealed that high‐risk patients may exhibit a higher tumor mutation burden score. Meanwhile, the risk score showed a strong positive correlation with the tumor stemness index. In addition, the Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion outcome indicated that high‐risk patients could be higher responsive to immunotherapy, whereas low‐risk patients may be higher responsive to Erlotinib. Finally, six characteristic genes DEPDC1, DEPDC1B, NGFR, CALCRL, PRR11, and TRIP13 were identified for risk group prediction. Conclusions. In summary, our study identified a signature as a useful tool to indicate prognosis and therapy options for liver cancer patients.
Steel Pipe Internal Corrosion Protection Using Magnesium Anode: Impact of Protective Potential and Phase Layer Formation on Corrosion Rate
Authors: Vasyliev Georgii , Gerasymenko Yuriy
Published: February 2023

The influence of magnesium anode dissolution in pipe filled with potable water on the steel corrosion rate was investigated. Steel corrosion rate was measured using the weight loss technique, and linear polarization resistance measurements were used to estimate the formation kinetics and protective abilities of the phase layer on the metal surface. The cathodic current distribution along steel pipe was measured using a microammeter and compared with the computer model. The results clearly demonstrate that the reduction of metal corrosion rate is at least 2.8 times in the region where cathodic protection distributes inside the pipe. However, for the remaining part of the metal pipe, the reduction of corrosion rate of 1.5 times was obtained due to the formation of the phase layer on the metal surface that leads to the reduction of oxygen supply. The results obtained in the study can be further applied for designing and maintenance of water supply systems.
Four Patterns of Canine Wei Syndrome Treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Wang Binxue , Liu Yuting , Xiehe Shuangyi , Ju Xiao , Fan Yunpeng , Liu Yingqiu , Zhang Weimin , Song Xiaoping , Ma Wuren
Published: February 2023

Atrophy and weakness of the limbs is a common condition in animals, especially dogs. It typically presents with flaccidity and weakness of the limbs, especially the hind legs, muscle atrophy, and the inability to walk. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM), this is known as wei syndrome (WS). According to TCM, the etiology of WS can be (1) lung heat and fluid consumption; (2) insufficiency of the liver and kidneys; (3) dampness-heat invasion; (4) damage to the spleen and stomach, which are also the patterns of WS. This report aims to provide an alternative option for the treatment of canine paralysis. Four dogs with different WS patterns were treated with acupuncture, moxibustion, and Chinese herbs based on the guidelines of the TCM literature. Three patients recovered normal functioning. The fourth patient could walk normally after 2 weeks of treatment, but his hind limbs became weak again 3 months later. Weekly acupuncture treatment was resumed until his death 18 months later. TCM application of acupuncture, moxibustion, and Chinese herbs can be an effective treatment for canine WS. It is hoped that this case report will broaden the treatment options of other veterinarians when patients present with this condition.
Combined Statin and Glucocorticoid Therapy for the Safer Treatment of Preterm Birth
Authors: Kane Andrew D. , Herrera Emilio A. , Niu Youguo , Camm Emily J. , Allison Beth J. , Tijsseling Deodata , Lusby Ciara , Derks Jan B. , Brain Kirsty L. , Bronckers Inge M. , Cross Christine M. , Berends Lindsey , Giussani Dino A.
Published: February 2023

Background:

Prematurity is strongly associated with poor respiratory function in the neonate. Rescue therapies include treatment with glucocorticoids due to their anti-inflammatory and maturational effects on the developing lung. However, glucocorticoid treatment in the infant can increase the risk of long-term cardiovascular complications including hypertension, cardiac, and endothelial dysfunction. Accumulating evidence implicates a molecular link between glucocorticoid excess and depletion of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability as a mechanism underlying the detrimental effects of postnatal steroids on the heart and circulation. Therefore, combined glucocorticoid and statin therapy, by increasing NO bioavailability, may protect the developing cardiovascular system while maintaining beneficial effects on the lung.

Methods:

We investigated combined glucocorticoid and statin therapy using an established rodent model of prematurity and combined experiments of cardiovascular function in vivo, with those in isolated organs as well as measurements at the cellular and molecular levels.

Results:

We show that neonatal glucocorticoid treatment increases the risk of later cardiovascular dysfunction in the offspring. Underlying mechanisms include decreased circulating NO bioavailability, sympathetic hyper-reactivity, and NO-dependent endothelial dysfunction. Combined neonatal glucocorticoid and statin therapy protects the developing cardiovascular system by normalizing NO and sympathetic signaling, without affecting pulmonary maturational or anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids.

Conclusions:

Therefore, combined glucocorticoid and statin therapy may be safer than glucocorticoids alone for the treatment of preterm birth.
Abstract 73: Using Network Science Community Detection Methods To Identify Insurance-based Disparities In Stroke Center Access In California
Authors: Zachrison Kori S , Schwamm Lee H , Yan Zhiyu , Samuels-Kalow Margaret , Reeves Mathew J , Camargo Carlos A , Hsia Renee Y , Onnela Jukka-Pekka
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Ischemic stroke (IS) patients are frequently transferred between hospitals. Our objective was to determine whether patient insurance status contributes to variation in access to stroke center care among transferred patients with IS.

Methods:
We compiled California data on every nonfederal hospital admission from 2010-17 and used ICD-9, ICD-10, and DRG codes to identify IS patients transferred from an initial emergency department to another hospital. Transfers were categorized based on whether or not the patient was ultimately discharged from a stroke center hospital (primary or comprehensive). Patient insurance status was categorized as private, Medicare, Medicaid or self/uninsured. Clusters of closely connected hospitals via transfer frequency were identified using network science community detection methods. Within each cluster, we examined the degree of disparity in stroke center access by quantifying the difference between the insurance groups with the highest and lowest proportion of transfers discharged from a stroke center.

Results:
We identified 10,049 IS transfers during the study period (private 5,297 [53%]; Medicare 3,328 [33%]; Medicaid 904 [9%]; self/uninsured 520 [5%]). Stroke center access varied by patient insurance (overall 87%, private 89%, Medicare 87%, Medicaid 82%, self 72%). There were 14 clusters of closely connected hospitals via transfers. In the highest performing cluster, 100% of transferred patients in each insurance category were discharged from a stroke center (delta 0). The lowest performing cluster was also the largest (n=2,364 transfers); in this cluster 69% of transfers were discharged from a stroke center, ranging from 32% of self-pay transfers to 81% of privately insured transfers (highest delta among all clusters: 49%).

Conclusions:
These findings demonstrate that current care patterns differ by insurance status. Further research is needed to determine interventions to address this disparity.
Abstract TMP30: High Prevalence Of Unrecognized Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Related Inflammation Among Patients With Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy And White Matter Disease
Authors: Kharal Abbas , Amin Moein , Aboseif Albert , Southard Kristopher , Hajj-Ali Rula A , Uchino Ken
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy related inflammation (CAARI) is an autoimmune inflammatory condition that occurs in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and can lead to rapidly progressive cognitive decline. Little is known about the prevalence of subclinical and clinical CAARI. We sought to determine the prevalence of subclinical and clinical CAARI among patients with CAA and white matter hyperintensities (WMH).

Methods:
In this multicenter, single healthcare system, retrospective cohort study, we reviewed electronic medical records and MRI brain scans of patients presenting with a diagnosis code for amyloidosis or CAA that were evaluated between 1/2010 - 6/2020. We included patients meeting modified Boston criteria for CAA who had WMH on T2 FLAIR sequences. Patients without available hemosiderin sensitive sequences (SWI or GRE) and T2 FLAIR sequences and those without WMH on T2 FLAIR imaging were excluded. Two independent vascular neurologists blinded to background clinical information reviewed each MRI brain scan for the presence of CAARI. The clinical course and outcomes were reviewed and reported.

Results:
Out of 1100 patients reviewed, 511 met modified Boston criteria for CAA and 193 met the final study inclusion criteria. 55 (28.5% of those with CAA and WMH, and 10.8% of all CAA) patients had MRI brain imaging suggestive of CAA-RI. 21 (38.2%) were male, 38 (69.1%) were Caucasian, and the mean (SD) age was 72.9 (8.9) years. CAA-RI was recognized in only 10 (18.2%) patients initially while 20 (36.4%) were diagnosed up to 9 months later (median 0, IQR 0-9 months). At time of earliest detection of CAARI on imaging, common concurrent findings were cognitive impairment (74.5%), macro-hemorrhages (52.7%), headache (30.9%), seizures (14.5%), and ischemic infarcts (14.5%). Only 18 (32.7%) patients were started on immunosuppression. Nineteen (34.5%) patients expired during the observation period of which only 8 (42.1%) were ever diagnosed with CAA-RI by their treating clinician.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of subclinical CAA-RI in our study was high. Most cases of radiographic CAARI went unrecognized and untreated. Further studies are needed to assess if treatment of subclinical CAARI may prevent cognitive decline in these patients.
Abstract WMP82: National Trends In Endovascular Therapy For Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease 2008-2019
Authors: Alexander Michael J , Nuño Miriam , Menaker Simon A , Song Shlee S
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Endovascular therapy is a treatment option for patients with severe symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). The utilization of angioplasty and stenting has varied since the development of stents for this disease in 2005. This study assesses the longitudinal trends for endovascular treatment of ICAD in the U.S.

Methods:
We performed a data search from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database using ICD9 and ICD10 procedure codes from 2008 through 2019. Data was collected for patients with stroke from ICAD who underwent stenting or angioplasty alone. We also assessed the utilization of stenting or angioplasty in thrombectomy cases for large vessel occlusion (LVO), the use of drug eluting stents, patient demographics, regional trends, length of stay, and mortality statistics.

Results:
Between 2008 and 2019, the nadir of ICAD stenting cases in the U.S. was in 2011 (n=242). There was over a 207% increase in stenting cases in 2015 (n=730), and another increase of 47% in ICAD stenting in 2018 and 2019 (2018=965, 2019=1,175). There was a significant increase in stenting for ICAD over the entire study period (p=0.003). The data also shows a significant increase in the use of stenting as adjunctive therapy to thrombectomy for LVO. In 2011, stenting with thrombectomy in LVO represented 17.8% (43/242) of patients stented with stroke from ICAD. In 2019, these cases represented 48.1% (565/1,175) of the patients stented. Over the study period, this increase in stent use during LVO treatment was significant (p<0.001). Angioplasty alone for ICAD in non-occluded vessels has not significantly changed (p=0.289). Angioplasty as an adjunct to thrombectomy for LVO has steadily increased over the past 10 years, with 94 cases in 2008 and 210 cases in 2019, representing a 123% increase.

Conclusion:
There has been a progressive increase in stenting for ICAD since the nadir of this procedure in 2011 which is statistically significant. This increase was seen in patients with severe symptomatic ICAD, but also in patients undergoing thrombectomy for acute LVO with ICAD. Positive clinical stenting trials such as WEAVE and the post-hoc analysis from SAMMPRIS, and the increase in endovascular therapy for LVO appear temporally related to these changes.
Abstract WP26: Multidisciplinary Case Reviews Reduce "Door-to" Times
Authors: Stivason, DNP, RN, CEN Jenn , Ogiso, BSN, RN Hiromi , Starr, MD Matthew , Bonaccorsi Mathews, PA-C Christina ,   UPMC Mercy Door-to Task Force
Published: February 2023

Background:
Rapid reperfusion is critical for positive outcomes in stroke patients. To improve patient outcomes, the organization reduced program goals for all door-to metrics. To reach the aggressive new goals, a door-to task force led by the Stroke Program Coordinator was created. The multidisciplinary task force meets monthly and consists of members from Pre-Hospital, ED, Stroke, CT, and Neurointerventional Radiology (NIR).

Interventions:
Door-to data is shared monthly and case reviews on all door-to fall-outs are performed. The task force reviews door-to-CT, door-to-thrombolytics, and door-to-puncture metrics. An RCA is conducted on each case that exceeds our time goals looking for areas for improvement. Each case is evaluated from initial EMS contact through initiation of treatment; with all members of the multidisciplinary team participating. A trend in prolonged door-to-puncture was seen; so further investigation into the causes for the delays was done by the task force. This led to several improvement initiatives that addressed each of the delays. Education was completed for ED, CT, and NIR staff on the significance of a rapid initial evaluation and transport to NIR. An outside hospital (OSH) transfer notification process was created for OSH transfers eligible for thrombectomy. A direct-to-angio process was also developed to allow transport from CT to the NIR suite without stopping in an ED room.

Results:
The combination of these initiatives had a positive impact on door-to-puncture times. When comparing 2021 data to year-to-date 2022 post-implementation data, a reduction in door-to-puncture has been seen. Median time for door-to-puncture in 2021 was 60 minutes. This time has reduced to 48 minutes for the January through June 2022 timeframe.

Conclusion:
A multidisciplinary door-to task force reduces door-to-puncture times by keeping constant focus on door-to metrics and by creating a shared accountability for the process. With the door-to task force, real-time case reviews can be completed to allow for rapid identification of areas of opportunities and initiation of process improvement initiatives to reduce door-to times.
Abstract WP52: Factors Affecting Door-in-door-out Times Among Patients Transferred From Non-Endovascular Stroke Centers For Endovascular Therapy
Authors: Kuc Alexander , Isenberg Derek , Ackerman Daniel , Cooney Derek R , Herres Joseph , Zhao Huaquing , Sigal Adam , Kraus Chadd , Brandler Ethan S , Mullen Michael T , Nomura Jason ,   Optimizing Prehospital Stroke Systems of Care-Reacting to Changing Paradigms (OPUS-REACH), Gentile Nina T
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
In the management of large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke, patients are frequently evaluated first at a non-endovascular stroke center and later require transfer to an endovascular stroke center (ESC) for endovascular treatment (EVT). The door-in-door-out time (DIDO) is frequently used as a benchmark for transferring hospitals. The goal of this study is to identify factors affecting DIDO times in patients who are transferred EVT.

Methods:
The OPUS-REACH consortium is a group of nine health systems in the Northeast United States. The OPUS-REACH registry is comprised of all LVO patients who underwent EVT at these nine health systems from 2015-2020. The database was queried for all patients who were transferred from a non-ESC to for EVT. All patients who were transferred from a non-ESC and received EVT for a LVO stroke were included in this study. Patients were excluded from the study if their DIDO time were not available or their stroke occurred after admission to the hospital.

Results:
2139 patients were screened and 511 were included in the final analysis. The mean DIDO times for all patients was 137.8 minutes. When looking at the entire population of patients, we found no single variable associated with increased DIDO times. This included initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, demographics, arrival via personal vehicle, administration of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), performance of vascular imaging, or the level of transferring hospital. On multivariate analysis, the performance of vascular imaging and being a non-certified stroke center were associated with longer DIDO times. We also performed a subgroup analysis of patients with DIDO times less than 60, 90, and 120 minutes. In the subgroup of patients with DIDO times <60 minutes, <90 and <120 minutes, only performance of vascular imaging was associated with a longer DIDO times.

Conclusions:
Vascular imaging in the subgroups of patients was the only factors that consistently prolonged DIDO times. Non-ESCs should integrate vascular imaging into their work flow to reduce DIDO times. Further work examining the transfer process such ground or air and distance to ESC could help further illustrate opportunities to improve DIDO times.
RESOURCE SUBJECTIVITY OF THE OB UGRIANS IN THE CONDITIONS OF EXTREME SOCIAL CHALLENGES
Authors: Vasilyeva Inna V. , Mironov Andrey V. , Bulatova Olga V.
Published: February 2023

Background. In conditions of extreme social challenges, human resource subjectivity is of particular importance. Th erefore, it is necessary to understand how students with diff erent characteristics, including ethnic ones, in the conditions of the North, studying on individual educational trajectories (hereinaft er referred to as IET) and on traditional educational technology adapt in conditions of uncertainty, a pandemic (COVID-19), what personal resources are used by students. Objective. To identify the features of resource subjectivity among students from among the indigenous peoples of the North (hereinaft er referred to as the KMNS of Ugra, Ob Ugrians) studying under diff erent educational models in conditions of extreme social challenges. Methods. Th e study involved 72 students: 36 representatives of the Indigenous Minorities of Yugra, 36 Russians. Th e following data collection methods were used: 1) questionnaire of self-organization of N. Feather and M. Bond (Time Structure Questionnaire, adaptation by E.Y. Mandrikova); 2) scale of basic beliefs by R.Janoff-Bulman (World assumptions scale, adaptation by O.Kravtsova); 3) questionnaire of coping methods by S.Folkman, R.S.Lazarus (Way of Coping Questionare, adaptation by T.L.Kryukova, E.V.Kuft yak); 4) scale of psychological well-being by C.D. Ryff (Th e scales of psychological well-being, adaptation by T.D. Shevelenkova, T.P. Fesenko); 5) questionnaire of losses and acquisition of personal resources by N.Vodopyanova and M.Stein. Results. A comparative analysis of students-representatives of the Ob Ugrians studying according to traditional educational technology and individual educational trajectories revealed diff erences in the parameters of planning resources. A comparison of students representing the Ob Ugrians with students identifying themselves by nationality as Russians showed that signifi cant diff erences are observed only in terms of implementation resources and achievements (coping strategies). Conclusion. Students studying in IET have high indicators of resource subjectivity, perseverance is most pronounced as a parameter of self-organization, which allows them to successfully overcome the negative consequences of stress in an academic context. In general, it is necessary to talk about the psychological acculturation of students-representatives of the Ob Ugrians.
EYE TRACKING RESEARCH ON THE USE OF DIFFERENT FORMS OF INSTRUCTION IN TEACHING CHILDREN WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Smirnova Yana K.
Published: February 2023

Background. It is analyzed how the method of eye movement registration can be used to study the learning processes of children with hearing impairment. On the basis of oculomotor activity data, diffi culties are identifi ed that impede the learning of children with hearing impairment, which contributes to the discovery of eff ective ways of learning. A separate research issue is the search for the eff ective use of diff erent forms of instruction. Objective. Eye-tracking study of learning diffi culties with diff erent forms of instruction (as diff erent forms of multimodal means of establishing joint attention). Sample. Th e study sample consisted of 15 preschool children with hearing impairment (sensoneural hearing loss, class H90 according to ICD-11), eight girls, seven boys, mean age 5.4±0.8. Methods. A task was used in the form of a correction test to fi ll in the fi gures (according to the Pieron-Ruser method). To understand diff erent forms of instruction in 4 series of the experiment, the combination of the speech form and the use of action in explaining the rule for fi lling in the fi gures varied. Th e main method is the method of eye movement registration using the PLabs portable tracker-the eye tracker. Results. Th e most important criterion for the eff ectiveness of diff erent forms of instruction is the time from the beginning of the presentation of the instruction to the fi rst fi xation on the target object and the duration of attention delay in non-target areas. With multimodal instruction, longer fi xations are observed in relevant areas and short fi xations in irrelevant areas, fi xations are more oft en and faster in relevant areas. With the transition to independent analysis, tasks at the beginning of fi xation in relevant and irrelevant areas become reduced in time and quantity, and then begin to take on an increasingly long character. Conclusion. A diff erent form of instruction allows you to restructure the perception of a child with a hearing impairment, focusing attention on the elements that are relevant to the task. Th e most eff ective is the simultaneous use of multimodal means of explaining instructions to attract and regulate attention.
Annotated checklist of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera: Chrysomeloidea) from the Brazilian semi-arid region, with new species and new geographic records
Authors: FERREIRA GABRIEL DOS SANTOS , DA SILVA FERREIRA ANDRÉ , BRAVO FREDDY
Published: February 2023

Cerambycidae is one of the largest families of Coleoptera, with approximately 38,000 species described. Knowledge of Cerambycidae fauna in Brazil has increased in the last 50 years, but some regions, such as the Brazilian semi-arid region, remain relatively unexplored. An updated checklist of Cerambycidae from that region, based on previously published works, checklists, and catalogs, and the study of 331 specimens of 72 species, 58 genera, 26 tribes, and three subfamilies deposited in the collection of the Zoology Museum of the Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana is provided. This list has 633 species, 303 genera, 58 tribes, of four subfamilies of Cerambycidae from 75 municipalities in nine states in the Brazilian semi-arid region. A map illustrating the distribution of the Cerambycidae species in the semi-arid region is also provided. Four new species are described: Eburodacrys boteroi sp. nov. and Coccoderus costae sp. nov. (Cerambycinae); and Aerenicopsis joseferreirai sp. nov. and Pseudomecas mourai sp. nov. (Lamiinae). The new species are included in an identification key to the respective genus. Furthermore, Antodice kyra Martins & Galileo, 1998 is new record from the Bahia State; Chevrolatella tripunctata (Chevrolat, 1862) is a new record to Brazilian semi-arid region; Colobothea rubroornata Zajciw, 1962 is a new record from Bahia State and Brazilian semi-arid region, and Odontocera bilobata Zajciw, 1965 is a new record from the Bahia State and Brazilian semi-arid region. It is evident that some regions in the Brazilian semi-arid region are poorly sampled and new inventory studies must be carried out.
Effect of methoxy-polyethylene glycol-polylactic acid-bone protective protein nano micelle complex on osteoprotegerin and bone mineral density in osteoporotic rats
Authors: Yang Ziliang , Hu Sihui , Zhang Yongwei
Published: February 2023

This study assessed the effect of nanomicelle complex Methoxy-polyethylene glycol Polylactic acid bone protective protein on OPG and bone mineral density in osteoporotic rats. 35 rats were assigned into group A, B, C, D and E. Except for group A, Osteoarthritis (OA) rat models
were established in all other groups. After modeling, group C, D and E were injected with PEG+OPG plasmid, PLL+OPG plasmid and PEG-PLL+ plasmid at 40 mg/kg dose of nanoparticles into mice via tail vein. The other groups were injected with an equal volume of NaCl solution to observe the bone
density and OPG level. The bone trabeculae in the femoral tissues of group A were mostly plate-shaped and dense and uniform. Group B bones were sparse without new bone, while the trabecular bone in group C increased, the gap among trabecular bones decreased. The number of trabecular bones
increased in group D, and new bone trabecula from group E increased, and arrangement was neat. Bone mineral density (BMD) and BMc levels in the femoral tissue from rats in group B decreased relative to group A (P <0.05), and the levels of BMD and BMc in the femoral tissue from rats
in group C increased (P <0.05). BMD and BMc from mouse femur tissue were lower than group E (P <0.05). Moreover, Group B had a lower maximum load than group A (P <0.05) and group E was higher than group D (P <0.05). The femoral tissue structure of rats
in group A was complete and bone matrix was arranged well without cavities. The number of bone cells in group B was reduced, while the bone matrix was disorderly distributed, and bones were fractured and more cavities were formed. Compared with group B, groups C, and D, and E had increased
bone cells number and reduced bone matrix disorder improvement voids. Immunohistochemistry showed that, OPG increased in group B, and RANKL decreased (P <0.05), which was different from group A (P <0.05). OPG protein and mRNA from C, D and E groups decreased, and RANKL
levels increased (P <0.05). PEG-PLL-OPG (PPO) significantly improved OP rat bone mineral density via regulation of BMD, BMc and biomechanical indicators, and the mechanism is related to increased OPG expression and reduced RANKL activity.
The Effects of the First Phase of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents With preexisting Psychiatric Conditions
Authors: Samuels Ayol , Avital-Magen Ayelet , Schusheim Guy
Published: February 2023

Few studies have examined the impact of the initial school closures and stay-at-home orders on those vulnerable children and adolescents with preexisting psychiatric conditions. In our study, we explore the impact on this population and identify risk and resilience factors by looking both at those children who were impacted negatively as well as those who were impacted positively by this period. Questionnaires were administered by child and adolescent psychiatrists to 101 parents of child and adolescent outpatients in a mental health clinic as well as 75 of the adolescents, themselves, during the initial stay-at-home orders in Israel. Parents and their children were asked how the situation changed the symptoms for which the children are being treated at our clinic. Information regarding demographic, family, and individual factors was also gathered. The largest group of parents (44%) reported improvement in their child’s symptoms during this period, whereas 33% reported no change and 25% reported worsening. Risk factors included parental stress and level of child preoccupation with Covid-19. The major protective factor was parental presence. Although home confinement during the Covid-19 pandemic can lead to worsening mental health status among children, it can also provide an opportunity for those with previous mental health conditions to improve and strive. For these children to improve during such a period, decreased social and academic demands and increased parental presence seem to be key factors. For those who deteriorate, identifying and targeting parental stress can be as important as targeting the child’s stress during such times.
Beyond Replication: Secondary Qualitative Data Analysis in Political Science
Authors: Kern Florian G , Mustasilta Katariina
Published: February 2023

Shared qualitative data – such as interview or focus group transcripts – can be used for secondary qualitative data analysis (SQDA). Yet, much archived qualitative data remains unused after primary analysis. Applications and guidance on how to employ SQDA are rare. We use an example application of SQDA studying informal institutions and resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa to show: First, SQDA depends on how primary researchers share ‘raw’ qualitative data and additional documentation to understand primary context. Second, deductive and inductive uses of SQDA require varying engagement with primary data. Third, current practices of participant consent often do not consider potential SQDA. Fourth, SQDA is not less time-consuming than primary data research but offers different benefits, such as expanding the comparative sample of cases or avoiding research fatigue of studied communities. Going forward, SQDA requires greater consensus on the instruments (e.g. transcripts and participant consent forms) used by researchers and further applications of hypothesis-testing and hypothesis-generating designs.
Impact of Institutional Factors on the Long-run Behaviour of Money Velocity in India
Authors: Sud Nandini
Published: February 2023

The objective of the study is to examine the impact of institutional changes in the financial sector on the long-run behaviour of broad money velocity in India. For this purpose, annual time series data from 1970–1971 to 2019–2020 has been used. To avoid the problem of multicollinearity, three institutional factors (urbanisation ratio, ratio of total deposits to currency and DCPS) have been combined to form an institutional factor index using PCA. The unit root results indicate that variables are a mix of I(0) & I(1), therefore, ARDL-ECM methodology is applied. Results indicate that money velocity exhibits a structural break in 2008, conforming to the global economic crises. To examine the impact of institutional factors a benchmark model (BM) containing per capita GDP and rate of interest has been estimated along with an institutional factors model (IFM) which also contains institutional factors index. The results show that there is no co-integration in BM, whereas co-integration was established in IFM. The error-correction term and institutional factors index were highly significant for IFM, confirming the long-run relationship. The explanatory power (adjusted R2) for IFM was considerably higher than BM, indicating that the addition of institutional variables significantly improves the money velocity model for India.

JEL Codes: C32, E41, E52
High-Resolution Transcriptomic Landscape of the Human Submandibular Gland
Authors: Horeth E. , Bard J. , Che M. , Wrynn T. , Song E.A.C. , Marzullo B. , Burke M.S. , Popat S. , Loree T. , Zemer J. , Tapia J.L. , Frustino J. , Kramer J.M. , Sinha S. , Romano R.A.
Published: February 2023

Saliva-secreting and transporting cells are part of the complex cellular milieu of the human salivary gland, where they play important roles in normal glandular physiology and diseased states. However, comprehensive molecular characterization, particularly at single-cell resolution, is still incomplete, in part due to difficulty in procuring normal human tissues. Here, we perform an in-depth analysis of male and female adult human submandibular gland (SMG) samples by bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and examine the molecular underpinnings of the heterogeneous cell populations by single-cell (sc) RNA-seq. Our results from scRNA-seq highlight the remarkable diversity of clusters of epithelial and nonepithelial cells that reside in the SMG that is also faithfully recapitulated by deconvolution of the bulk-RNA data sets. Our analyses reveal complex transcriptomic heterogeneity within both the ductal and acinar subpopulations and identify atypical SMG cell types, such as mucoacinar cells that are unique to humans and ionocytes that have been recently described in the mouse. We use CellChat to explore ligand–receptor interactome predictions that likely mediate crucial cell–cell communications between the various cell clusters. Finally, we apply a trajectory inference method to investigate specific cellular branching points and topology that offers insights into the dynamic and complex differentiation process of the adult SMG. The data sets and the analyses herein comprise an extensive wealth of high-resolution information and a valuable resource for a deeper mechanistic understanding of human SMG biology and pathophysiology.
The forces underlying the public school enrollment drop
Authors: Cohen Abbie
Published: February 2023

Recent headlines describing the national drop in public school enrollment suggest that this is a shocking crisis brought on or worsened by the pandemic. However, Abbie Cohen argues that the current enrollment decline should not be a surprise. The underlying causes have festered for decades. Among these causes is the tension between the different purposes of public schools. Those who see schools primarily as a means of social mobility have promoted a variety of school choice initiatives. These efforts have pulled resources out of traditional public schools, making it more difficult to reduce inequality and prepare all young people for participation in a democratic society. The shortcomings of public schools, particularly in urban communities, have fed a growing mistrust of schools, which leads more families to seek other options. These trends put at risk public schools’ ability to serve the public good.
Performance of Recycled Plastic Pins for Improving Unsuitable Foundation Soil
Authors: Badhon Faria Fahim , Islam Md Azijul , Bhandari Prabesh , Hossain MD Sahadat
Published: February 2023

Civil engineering infrastructures constructed on unsuitable foundation soil are prone to large deformation and bearing capacity failure. A common and traditional approach employed by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) is to remove in situ soil and replace it with suitable fill material. However, this method can be time-consuming and expensive. To minimize construction time and cost, the use of recycled plastic pins (RPPs) for ground improvement needs to be evaluated as an effective and sustainable technique. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of RPPs in improving unsuitable foundation soils. An extensive field-testing program was conducted on RPP-reinforced soil. In the field, four identical sections were constructed, of which three were reinforced with RPPs of different sizes and spacings, and the fourth was left unreinforced so that it could act as a control. Performance monitoring for all four test sections was conducted using inclinometer and pressure plates for more than 2 years. According to the field monitoring data, the reinforced section settlement was reduced by up to 84%, and RPPs carried 78% of the total load. Therefore, RPPs show promising potential for improving unsuitable foundation soil.
Dynamic Currency Conversion Payment Options Specifically Harm Less Financially Literate Customers
Authors: Gerritsen Dirk F. , Lancee Bora S. , Rigtering J.P. Coen
Published: February 2023

International customers are increasingly exposed to dynamic currency conversion, that is, the option during checkout to proceed with a transaction in the home currency instead of a foreign currency. As conversion markups can be sizable, it is relevant to gain insight into how distinct groups of customers react at point-of-sale terminals to different markups and different ways of presenting information. The authors build on research on effort–accuracy trade-offs to theorize how international customers with different levels of financial literacy react to conversion markups, different degrees of information transparency, and default settings. The authors find that financial literacy moderates the effect of markups, information, and defaults, and they design an intervention that eradicates the effect of financial literacy on dynamic currency conversion usage. The results contribute to our understanding of how customers with different levels of financial literacy respond to conversion markups, to public policies that are intended to protect customer interests, and to evil defaults used by commercial parties that seek to steer customers to noneconomical options. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for public policy making and research.
Are All the Stable Jobs Gone? The Transformation of the Worker–Firm Relationship and Trends in Job Tenure Duration and Separations in Canada, 1976–2015
Authors: St-Denis Xavier , Hollister Matissa
Published: February 2023

The literature on flexibilization documents the decline of the standard employment relationships, resulting in greater job insecurity. Consequently, the stability of career trajectories is expected to have decreased. However, existing studies in many countries pose a significant challenge: the available evidence shows no clear downward trend and possibly even an increase in job stability since the 1970s, as measured by trends in job tenure duration or job separations. This article highlights important limitations of such studies and provides novel evidence on the transformation of career trajectories. It is the first to provide evidence of a decrease in average job tenure duration for men in Canada and a decrease in five-year and 10-year retention rates over the four decades between 1976 and 2015, adjusting for sociodemographic shifts unrelated to flexibilization. We also find that average job tenure has increased for women, while their long-term job retention rates declined.
The creative catalyst: Developing student competency in opportunity recognition
Authors: Tynan Margaret
Published: February 2023

This paper adopts a cross-disciplinary approach to opportunity recognition competence development. Prior research suggests that opportunity recognition is a relatively neglected area in enterprise and entrepreneurship education. Increasingly, there are calls to look to the creative disciplines for pedagogies that could enhance the creativity required to engage with entrepreneurship. Due to the creative nature of opportunity recognition, this research explores the potential for design education pedagogies to enhance opportunity recognition competence. Informed by the lived experience of design educators, the findings highlight that design education enables many of the attributes, behaviours and skills associated with opportunity recognition. The resultant opportunity recognition education framework suggests that, with the aid of four key enablers, opportunity recognition competence can be developed, moving students from dependence to independence over time.