bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monkeypox Disease: An Emerging Public Health Concern in the Shadow of COVID-19 Pandemic: An Update
Authors: Hasan Shamimul , Saeed Shazina
Published: October 2022

The last few decades have witnessed an appalling rise in several emerging and re-emerging viral and zoonotic outbreaks. Such outbreaks are a lesson to learn from and seek insight into better disease monitoring and surveillance, thus preventing future outbreaks. Monkeypox, a viral zoonotic illness caused by the monkeypox virus, may no longer be endemic to the tropical rainforests of Central and West Africa. However, the current monkeypox outbreak in nonendemic countries is most likely due to failure to curb the disease dissemination in endemic African regions despite decades of constant outbreaks. The clinical manifestations are typified by a prodromal phase (fever, myalgia, malaise, and lymphadenopathy) followed by maculopapular or vesicular, or pustular cutaneous eruptions that eventually form encrustations and peel off. Children and the elderly, pregnant females, and individuals living with comorbidities (diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and lymphoproliferative ailments) are at a high risk of severe disease. Monkeypox is a self-limiting disorder, but its complications and pandemic potential signify its immense public health relevance. The recent ongoing monkeypox outbreak in nonendemic nations areas was identified with increased propensity in men who have sex with men (MSMs) with no travel history to endemic regions, emphasizing the changing trends in disease transmission. This review article provides an updated overview of the monkeypox disease taxonomy, pathogenesis, transmission, epidemiology, clinical and oral features, diagnostic aids, differential diagnosis, preventive aspects, and treatment protocol.
Massive Stars as the Radiant Queens of the Universe—The Case of ζ Puppis
Authors: Ramiaramanantsoa Tahina , Moffat Anthony F. J.
Published: October 2022

Since the Cosmic Dawn, massive stars have been playing a crucial role as the chemical recycling engines of galaxies that enable the birth of new stars and planetary systems, not only through the strong winds that they exhibit during their relatively short lifetimes, but also through their catastrophic endings as supernovae, and even with occasional posthumous kilonovae events resulting from binary neutron star mergers and neutron star/black hole mergers. Hence, understanding the structures of massive stars and their winds is key to understanding galactic ecosystems. One tool that has proven to be very powerful in constraining the structures of various types of stars is the study of physical phenomena causing observable stellar light variability. Among massive stars, the O-type star ζ Puppis is considered the archetype of a hot, massive star and is almost always invoked in massive star studies. This article presents a highlight review of key results yielded by monitoring efforts of ζ Pup across different wavelength ranges thus far.
X-ray Insight into High-Energy Processes in Extreme Galactic Nuclear Environment
Authors: Wang Q. Daniel
Published: October 2022

Nuclear regions of galaxies apparently play a disproportionately large role in regulating their formation and evolution. How this regulation works, however, remains very uncertain. Here we review a few recent X-ray studies of our Galactic center and the inner bulge region of our major neighboring galaxy, M31, and focusing on addressing such questions as: Why are the majority of supermassive black holes (e.g., Sgr A*) so faint? What regulates the Galactic nuclear environment? Furthermore, what impact does a recent active galactic nucleus have on the ionization state of surrounding gas? These studies have provided new insight into how various relevant high-energy phenomena and processes interplay with extreme galactic nuclear environments and affect global galactic ecosystems.
Searching for γ-ray Emission from Binary Black-Hole Mergers Detected in LIGO/Virgo O3 Run
Authors: Ren Chongyang , Wang Zhongxiang
Published: October 2022

We conduct searches for γ-ray emission from the binary black-hole (BBH) mergers reported in the Gravitational-Wave Candidate Event Database (GraceDB). The γ-ray data are from the all-sky survey of the Large-Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi), which allows searches for events of given time durations in large sky areas. The Two-Micron All-Sky Survey Photometric Redshift Catalog (2MPZ) is used for target selection, from which galaxy sources within the 90% credible areas and the distance ranges given by the gravitational-wave (GW) detections are determined. Excluding those BBH cases with large credible areas and/or dense fields (containing too many 2MPZ sources), searches for short transient events over the time duration of from −1 to 100 days of a trigger time for seven BBH mergers are conducted. We find two candidate short flaring events in the field of the GW event S200311bg and one in that of S190408an. However, the flaring events all have low significance (after considering the trial factor), and the third one appears off the position of the target galaxy. We discuss one of them from the first field that is detected in different short time-bin data and suggest that it is possibly a real flare arising from a radio galaxy. More such studies for the near-future GW detection run are planned, for which we will adjust our search strategy to be more effective and target flares of various time scales.
Exploring Anisotropic Lorentz Invariance Violation from the Spectral-Lag Transitions of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Wei Jin-Nan , Liu Zi-Ke , Wei Jun-Jie , Zhang Bin-Bin , Wu Xue-Feng
Published: October 2022

The observed spectral lags of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been widely used to explore possible violations of Lorentz invariance. However, these studies were generally performed by concentrating on the rough time lag of a single highest-energy photon and ignoring the intrinsic time lag at the source. A new way to test nonbirefringent Lorentz-violating effects has been proposed by analyzing the multi-photon spectral-lag behavior of a GRB that displays a positive-to-negative transition. This method gives both a plausible description of the intrinsic energy-dependent time lag and comparatively robust constraints on Lorentz-violating effects. In this work, we conduct a systematic search for Lorentz-violating photon dispersion from the spectral-lag transition features of 32 GRBs. By fitting the spectral-lag data of these 32 GRBs, we place constraints on a variety of isotropic and anisotropic Lorentz-violating coefficients with mass dimension d=6 and 8. While our dispersion constraints are not competitive with existing bounds, they have the promise to complement the full coefficient space.
Outliers in Spectral Time Lag-Selected Gamma Ray Bursts
Authors: Wang Fei-Fei , Zou Yuan-Chuan
Published: October 2022

It is possible that astrophysical samples are polluted by some outliers, which might belong to a different sub-class. By removing the outliers, the underlying statistical features may be revealed. A more reliable correlation can be used as a standard candle relationship for cosmological study. We present outlier searching for gamma ray bursts with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) method. In this work, we choose three parameters from the sample, with all of them having rest-frame spectral time lag (τlag,i). In most cases, the outliers are GRBs 980425B and 030528A. Linear regression is carried out for the sample without the outliers. Some of them have passed hypothesis testing, while others have not. However, even for the passed sample, the correlation is not very significant. More parameter combinations should be considered in future work.
Noncommutative Corrections to the Minimal Surface Areas of the Pure AdS Spacetime and Schwarzschild-AdS Black Hole
Authors: Liu Zhang-Cheng , Miao Yan-Gang
Published: October 2022

Based on the perturbation expansion, we compute the noncommutative corrections to the minimal surface areas of the pure AdS spacetime and Schwarzschild-AdS black hole, where the noncommutative background is suitably constructed in terms of the Poincaré coordinate system. In particular, we find a reasonable tetrad with subtlety, which not only matches the metrics of the pure AdS spacetime and Schwarzschild-AdS black hole in the commutative case, but also makes the corrections real rather than complex in the noncommutative case. For the pure AdS spacetime, the nocommutative effect is only a logarithmic term, while for the Schwarzschild-AdS black hole, it contains a logarithmic contribution plus both a mass term and a noncommutative parameter related term. Furthermore, we show that the holographic entanglement entropy with noncommutativity obeys a relation which is similar to the first law of thermodynamics in the pure AdS spacetime.
Damour–Solodukhin Wormhole as a Black Hole Mimicker: The Role of Observers’ Location
Authors: Nandi Kamal , Karimov Ramis , Izmailov Ramil , Potapov Alexander
Published: October 2022

It has been recently argued that in semi-classical gravity, a minimal 2-sphere is not a horizon but a tiny throat of a wormhole, such as the Damour–Solodukhin wormhole (DSWH), with a free parameter λ≠0 separating it from a Schwarxzschild black hole (BH) (λ=0). As shown by DS, their horizonless WH can mimic many properties of a black hole (BH). Assuming that observing a BH mimicker is equivalent to observing a BH itself, we ask the question as to which identity of the object, a WH or a BH, an observer is likely to observe in a single experiment. To answer this, we introduce Tangherlini’s new concept of indeterminacy in the gravitational field by portraying the field as a refractive medium. We then postulate that the identity of the observed object will depend on the probabilistic outcome of photon motion probing the object. The probabilities will be described by Fresnel reflection (R) and transmission (T) coefficients derived by Tangherlini on the basis of a non-quantum statistical indeterminacy of photon motion in ordinary optical media. By adapting this approach to a gravitational “effective optical medium,” we obtain two intriguing results: (i) The Fresnel coefficients at the DSWH throat are independent of mass M but dependent solely on the parameter λ≠0. (ii) Depending on the location of the observer, what is a DSWH to one observer may appear as a BH to another observer for the same value of λ≠0.
Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Baraka Mohamed A. , Manzoor Muhammad Nouman , Ayoub Umar , Aljowaie Reem M. , Mustafa Zia Ul , Zaidi Syed Tabish Razi , Salman Muhammad , Kow Chia Siang , Aldeyab Mamoon A. , Hasan Syed Shahzad
Published: October 2022

Vaccine hesitancy is widespread in many parts of the globe, particularly in low–middle-income countries. Therefore, we surveyed a sample of hospitalized COVID-19 patients to assess COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and vaccine hesitancy in a low–middle-income country. A cross-sectional sample of 385 confirmed reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction COVID-19 patients treated at secondary and tertiary care hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan, were analyzed to assess COVID-19 vaccine uptake and vaccine hesitancy. The construct validity and reliability of the 11-item vaccine hesitancy questionnaire were also examined. In addition, multivariate logistic regression was used. The majority of the COVID-19 patients admitted to hospitals were not vaccinated (84%). Of those who were willing to receive vaccination, the majority (55%) considered vaccines an effective way to protect people from COVID-19. However, those who were not willing to receive their COVID-19 vaccine had significantly higher hesitancy than those willing to receive their COVID-19 vaccine. In addition, older hospitalized COVID-19 patients aged 60 years or above (20–29 years: OR 0.10; 95% CI 0.01–0.72, p = 0.001) and patients from urban areas (OR 3.16 95% CI 1.27–7.87, p = 0.013) were more likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine than younger patients and patients from rural areas. Patients with no formal education had significantly higher hesitancy (OR 5.26; 96% CI 1.85–14.97, p = 0.002) than participants with graduation and above education. More than half of the study’s participants did not trust information shared on social media about COVID-19 vaccines and cited newspapers/news channels as their main source of information. The study provides important insights into COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and the impact of vaccination campaigns. Many unvaccinated COVID-19 patients in hospitals highlight the need for an effective vaccination drive to protect people from acquiring infection and subsequent hospitalization.
Evaluation of Immunogenicity to Three Doses of the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine in Lung Transplant Patients
Authors: Guardiani Mariasilvia , Zingaropoli Maria Antonella , Cogliati Dezza Francesco , Centofanti Anastasia , Carillo Carolina , Tortellini Eeva , Dominelli Federica , Napoli Anna , Del Borgo Cosmo , Gaeta Aurelia , Venuta Federico , Vullo Vincenzo , Lichtner Miriam , Ciardi Maria Rosa , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Russo Gianluca
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study was to explore the humoral and T-cell response in lung transplant (LuT) patients. Two-time points were considered, before (T0) and after (Tpost) the third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, comparing LuT with healthy donors (HD). LuT patients showed a lower serologic response against SARS-CoV-2 compared with HD at both time-points (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0011, respectively). A lower percentage of IFNγ+orIL2+orTNFα+CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells LuT patients was observed in LuT patients compared with HD at T0 (CD4+: p = 0.0001; CD8+: p = 0.0005) and Tpost (CD4+: p = 0.0028; CD8+: p = 0.0114), as well as in the percentage of IFNγ+IL2+TNFα+CD4+ T-cells (T0: p = 0.0247; Tpost: p = 0.0367). Finally, at Tpost, a lower percentage of IFNγ+IL2+TNFα+ CD8+ T-cells in LuT patients compared with HD was found (p = 0.0147). LuT patients were stratified according to the lowest cut-off value for the detection of a humoral response (4.81 BAU/mL) at T0, into responder (R) and non-responder (NR) groups. In the R group, no differences in the percentage of IFNγ+or IL2+orTNFα+ and IFNγ+IL2+TNFα+CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells compared with HD at both time-points were observed. Otherwise, in the NR group, lower percentages of IFNγ+IL2+TNFα+CD4+ T-cells compared with the R group (T0: p = 0.0159; Tpost: p = 0.0159), as well as compared with the HD, at both time-points, were observed (T0: p = 0.0064; Tpost: p = 0.0064). These data seem to confirm that some LuT patients can mount cellular responses even in the absence of a positive humoral response (>33.8 BAU/mL), although this cellular response is dysfunctional and partially detrimental.
Immunogenicity of a Fractional Dose of mRNA BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine for Primary Series and Booster Vaccination among Healthy Adolescents
Authors: Puthanakit Thanyawee , Chantasrisawad Napaporn , Yoohat Kirana , Nantanee Rapisa , Sophonphan Jiratchaya , Meepuksom Thutsanun , Sodsai Pimpayao , Phanthanawiboon Supranee , Jantarabenjakul Watsamon , Hirankarn Nattiya , Kosalaraksa Pope
Published: October 2022

Primary series vaccination with BNT162b2 followed by a booster 5 months later has been recommended for healthy adolescents. We aimed to describe the immunogenicity in a fractional dose of BNT162b2. Adolescents aged 12–18 years were randomized into six arms for primary series administration: 3wPZ30/30 (reference group), 3wPZ30/20, 3wPZ20/20, 6wPZ30/30, 6wPZ30/20, and 6wPZ20/20 μg. A booster was given at 5 months after the second dose using either 10 or 15 μg of BNT162b2. Immunogenicity following vaccination was determined by IgG against receptor-binding domain (anti-S-RBD IgG; BAU/mL), surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT; %inhibition) and pseudovirus neutralization (pVNT;ID50) against Omicron. Non-inferiority criteria were defined as a lower boundary of the geometric mean ratio (GMR) being greater than 0.67. From September to October 2021, 118 adolescents with a median age (IQR) of 14.9 years (13.9–16.7) were enrolled. Fourteen days after the primary series, the geometric means (GMs) of anti-S-RBD IgG (BAU/mL) were 3090 (95% CI 2761–3460) in 3wPZ30/30. The GMRs of anti-S-RBD were: 0.80 (95% CI 0.67–0.97) in 3wPZ30/20; 1.00 (95% CI 0.83–1.20) in 3wPZ20/20; 1.37 (95% CI 1.13–1.65) in 6wPZ30/30; 1.24 (95% CI 1.02–1.50) in 6wPZ30/20; and 1.36 (1.13–1.64) in 6wPZ20/20. After a booster dose with 15 μg (n = 24) of BNT162b2, sVNT and pVNT against Omicron variant were 91.6 (95% CI 88.4–94.9) and 331 (95% CI 221–495), respectively. In the group that received 10 μg of BNT162b2 (n = 25), sVNT was 85.6 (95% CI 80.0–91.6) and pVNT was 397 (95% CI 267–590). Healthy adolescents had good immune responses to the fractional dose regimen of BNT162b2 and this may be considered as an alternative option.
Estimated Infection and Vaccine Induced SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Israel among Adults, January 2020–July 2021
Authors: Bassal Ravit , Keinan-Boker Lital , Cohen Dani , Mendelson Ella , Lustig Yaniv , Indenbaum Victoria
Published: October 2022

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Israel in February 2020 and spread from then. In December 2020, the FDA approved an emergency use authorization of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, and on 20 December, an immunization campaign began among adults in Israel. We characterized seropositivity for IgG anti-spike antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 between January 2020 and July 2021, before and after the introduction of the vaccine in Israel among adults. We tested 9520 serum samples, collected between January 2020 and July 2021. Between January and August 2020, seropositivity rates were lower than 5.0%; this rate increased from September 2020 (6.3%) to April 2021 (84.9%) and reached 79.1% in July 2021. Between January and December 2020, low socio-economic rank was an independent, significant correlate for seropositivity. Between January and July 2021, the 40.00–64.99-year-old age group, Jews and others, and residents of the Northern district were significantly more likely to be seropositive. Our findings indicate a slow, non-significant increase in the seropositivity rate to SARS-CoV-2 between January and December 2020. Following the introduction of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in Israel, a significant increase in seropositivity was observed from January until April 2021, with stable rates thereafter, up to July 2021.
Perceived Vaccine Availability and the Uptake of Measles Vaccine in Sudan: The Mediating Role of Vaccination Hesitancy
Authors: Sabahelzain Majdi M. , Tagelsir Ahmed , Elhadi Yasir Ahmed Mohammed , Abdalla Omayma
Published: October 2022

This study aimed to evaluate whether measles vaccine uptake can be predicted directly or indirectly by parental perceptions about the availability of measles vaccine services with parental hesitancy towards the measles vaccine as a potential mediator. This was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted at Omdurman locality in Khartoum state, Sudan in February 2019. The study population included parents/guardians having at least one child aged 2–3 years old. Mediation analysis was conducted using two models, the ordinary least squares path analysis and multiple logistic regression. These models considered perceived vaccine accessibility and availability as independent factors, vaccine uptake as dependent factors, and vaccine hesitancy (PACV scores) as a mediator. A total of 495 responded and the mean age of the mothers who participated in the study was 31.1 (SD = 5.73). Half of the respondents (50.1%) completed university education and nearly three-quarters of the respondents (74.7%) were housewives. After controlling for the other factors, including the mother’s age and the number of children, parental perception about the accessibility and availability of the measles vaccine influences the uptake of the measles vaccine indirectly through the mediation effect of measles vaccine hesitancy. We suggest that intervening in measles vaccine hesitancy in addition to measles vaccination access issues will have a positive impact on the uptake and coverage of the measles vaccine in Sudan.
Influenza Vaccination Assessment according to a Value-Based Health Care Approach
Authors: Calabrò Giovanna Elisa , D’Ambrosio Floriana , Fallani Elettra , Ricciardi Walter
Published: October 2022

Background: Seasonal influenza has a considerable public health impact, and vaccination is the key to preventing its consequences. Our aim was to describe how the value of influenza vaccination is addressed in the scientific literature considering a new value framework based on four pillars (personal, allocative, technical, and societal value). Methods: A systematic review was conducted by querying three databases. The analysis was performed on international studies focused on influenza vaccination value, and the four value pillars were taken into consideration for their description. Results: Overall, 40 studies were considered. Most of them focused on influenza vaccination in the general population (27.5%), emphasizing its value for all age groups. Most studies addressed technical value (70.4%), especially in terms of economic models and cost drivers to be considered for the economic evaluations of influenza vaccines, and societal value (63%), whereas few dealt with personal (37%) and allocative values (22.2%). Conclusions: The whole value of influenza vaccination is still not completely recognized. Knowledge and communication of the whole value of influenza vaccination is essential to guide value-based health policies. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement initiatives that involve all relevant stakeholders.
IntegralVac: A Machine Learning-Based Comprehensive Multivalent Epitope Vaccine Design Method
Authors: Suri Sadhana , Dakshanamurthy Sivanesan
Published: October 2022

In the growing field of vaccine design for COVID and cancer research, it is essential to predict accurate peptide binding affinity and immunogenicity. We developed a comprehensive machine learning method, ‘IntegralVac,’ by integrating three existing deep learning tools: DeepVacPred, MHCSeqNet, and HemoPI. IntegralVac makes predictions for single and multivalent cancer and COVID-19 epitopes without manually selecting epitope prediction possibilities. We performed several rounds of optimization before integration, then re-trained IntegralVac for multiple datasets. We validated the IntegralVac with 4500 human cancer MHC I peptides obtained from the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) and with cancer and COVID epitopes previously selected in our laboratory. The other data referenced from existing deep learning tools served as a positive control to ensure successful prediction was possible. As evidenced by increased accuracy and AUC, IntegralVac improved the prediction rate of top-ranked epitopes. We also examined the compatibility between other servers’ clinical checkpoint filters and IntegralVac. This was to ensure that the other servers had a means for predicting additional checkpoint filters that we wanted to implement in IntegralVac. The clinical checkpoint filters, including allergenicity, antigenicity, and toxicity, were used as additional predictors to improve IntegralVac’s prediction accuracy. We generated immunogenicity scores by cross-comparing sequence inputs with each other and determining the overlap between each individual peptide sequence. The IntegralVac increased the immunogenicity prediction accuracy to 90.1% AUC and the binding affinity accuracy to 95.4% compared to the control NetMHCPan server. The IntegralVac opens new avenues for future in silico methods, by building upon established models for continued prediction accuracy improvement.
Relationship between Anti-Spike Antibodies and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Infants Born to COVID-19 Vaccinated Mothers
Authors: Burns Madeleine D. , Muir Cordelia , Atyeo Caroline , Davis Jameson P. , Demidkin Stepan , Akinwunmi Babatunde , Fasano Alessio , Gray Kathryn J. , Alter Galit , Shook Lydia L. , Edlow Andrea G. , Yonker Lael M.
Published: October 2022

The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike IgG titers passively transferred to the fetus from maternal vaccination during pregnancy and timing of infant SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pregnant, vaccinated individuals (n = 105) and their infants (n = 107) were enrolled in a prospective cohort study from July 2021 to June 2022, linking infant anti-Spike IgG titer at birth to risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first fifteen months of life. Cord blood sera were collected at delivery and infant sera were collected at two and six months of age. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike IgG levels were quantified in cord and infant sera using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Infants were followed for SARS-CoV-2 infection through fifteen months of age. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike IgG titers in infants declined significantly with increased age (p < 0.001). Infants with higher anti-Spike cord blood levels had significantly longer disease-free intervals prior to infection with SARS-CoV-2 (p = 0.027). While higher anti-Spike IgG titer at two months of age was associated with a longer interval to infection through nine months of age (p = 0.073), infant anti-Spike IgG titers by six months of age had no impact on disease-free interval. This cohort study suggests that passively transferred maternal IgG is protective against infant SARS-CoV-2 infection, with higher antibody levels at birth significantly associated with longer disease-free intervals. Infant antibodies and protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection wane significantly after six months, suggesting that vaccination is needed at this stage to optimize protection against COVID-19.
Factors Associated with the Use of Industrial Liquid Silicone among Travesti and Transgender Women in Salvador, Northeast Brazil
Authors: da Silva Ricardo Araújo , da Silva Luís Augusto Vasconcelos , Soares Fabiane , Dourado Inês
Published: October 2022

Background: The illicit use of industrial liquid silicone (ILS) is a common practice among travesti and transgender Women (TrTW) in the process of bodily change. The “pumped ladies” apply the ILS without any preparation regarding biosafety, and this practice poses serious risks to the health of TrTW, including death. This study aims to describe the prevalence of ILS use and estimate the associated factors among TrTW in a Brazilian city. Methods: This behavioral and serological survey employed the Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) recruitment technique. Participants who declared themselves to be travesti or transgender women over 15 years were considered eligible. The sample consisted of 127 TrTW. The bivariate analysis estimated the prevalence of ILS use by sociodemographic, cultural, and behavioral variables. Multivariate analysis used Poisson regression for adjusted estimates with respective 95% confidence intervals. Results: Approximately 31.6% of the TrTW (n = 44) used ILS and 57.2% (n = 67) were under 25 years old. Most (73.2%, n = 79) had access to more than eight years of schooling. Nine percent (n = 15) tested positive for HIV, and 31.6% (n = 48) tested positive for syphilis. The TrTW who felt more comfortable with their body image had a threefold higher prevalence of ILS use and those who performed an HIV test before the study had a 4.5 times higher prevalence of ILS. Conclusion: ILS is widely used by TrTW in Brazil. Although public policies for the transgenderizing process exist, this process still occurs illicitly.
The concept of accounting for contractual obligations in the field of accounting for financial instruments
Authors: Plotnikov Viktor S. , Kanapinova Saule S.
Published: October 2022

The modern market economy reasonably imposes new and more complex accounting requirements. More precisely, the requirements for inclusion in the subject of accounting of its new objects, providing a reflection of the market conditions of their changes and the impact on the financial results of organizations. The solution of this problem, in part, can be facilitated by the concept of accounting for contractual obligations, which allows to include in the field of accounting the reflection of contractual law and contractual obligations preceding the occurrence of facts of economic life, as well as those actions of the organization that provide recognition and evaluation of fait accompli facts of economic life. The concept of accounting for contractual obligations considered in the article fits into the content of International Standards on Accounting for Financial Instruments, accounting for revenue under contracts with buyers, and, most importantly, finds its methodological justification in the Conceptual Framework for the presentation of financial statements.
The tax mechanism as a key regulator of the state tax policy
Authors: Selyukov Mikhail V.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the tax mechanism as a key regulator of the state tax policy. During the analysis of scientific publications, approaches to the term "tax mechanism" were identified, which allowed to formulate the author's interpretation of this concept. The analysis of the elements of the tax mechanism is carried out, their characteristics are given.
Assessment of the potential of crowdfunding platforms as digital technology for financing innovative business projects in Russia
Authors: Protas Nina G. , Samsonova Yulia E.
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the essence and types of crowdfunding, the views of various scientists on the interpretation of the term "crowdfunding", on the synthesis of which the authors proposed their own definition of the term, also gives a general description of the crowdfunding market in Russia, which allowed the authors to form criteria for conducting a comparative analysis of the functioning of the largest national crowdfunding platforms Planeta.ru and Boomstarter. These criteria are the basis for creating the author's methodology for assessing the potential of crowd platforms, since these signs will reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the platform. The development of a new approach to assess the potential of a crowdfunding platform creates the necessary conditions for the subsequent development of the crowdfunding industry in the national economy, improves the economic effect of using certain types of crowdfunding, and also improves economic relations between entities in general, attracting new users.
La formation des cités grecques (XIVe s. - VIIe s. av. n. è.) : approche archéologique à partir de quelques cas crétois
Authors: Gaignerot-driessen Florence
Published: October 2022

Between the collapse of the Mycenaean palatial system and the recording of the first civic laws in the Greek alphabet, writing disappears from the Aegean world. Consequently this paper proposes to explore the formation process of the Greek cities that characterises this transitional period by studying contemporary archaeological sources. The study focuses in particular on an area in Eastern Crete and considers economic, social and political components of the changes that are attested by settlement patterns and site typologies, as well as by residential, funerary and religious remains. The evidence suggests that the emergence of poleis in the beginning of the 7th c. BC in this area of the island is primarily an economic process, and, although this represents a major political break in regional history, it is based on previous social structures which were inherited
Association of Bradycardia and Asystole Episodes with Dialytic Parameters: An Analysis of the Monitoring in Dialysis (MiD) Study
Authors: Soomro Qandeel H. , Bansal Nisha , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. , Koplan Bruce A. , Costea Alexandru I. , Roy-Chaudhury Prabir , Tumlin James A. , Kher Vijay , Williamson Don E. , Pokhariyal Saurabh , McClure Candace K. , Charytan David M.
Published: October 2022

Key Points

There were 551 cases of clinically significant bradyarrhythmia or asystole (CSBA) that occurred in the last 12 hours of the interdialytic interval preceding 100 of 4424 dialysis sessions.

We did not find significant associations between dialytic parameters or electrolytes and CSBA in the last 12 hours of the interdialytic period.

Association of laboratory and dialytic factors with CSBA from one session to the next were not significant except dialysate sodium concentrations <135 mEq/L.

Background

Bradycardia and asystole events are common among patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis. However, triggers of these events in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD), particularly during the long interdialytic period when these events cluster, are uncertain.

Methods

The Monitoring in Dialysis Study (MiD) enrolled 66 patients on maintenance HD who were implanted with loop recorders and followed for 6 months. We analyzed associations of predialysis laboratory values with clinically significant bradyarrhythmia or asystole (CSBA) during the 12 hours before an HD session. Associations with CSBA were analyzed with mixed-effect models. Adjusted negative binomial mixed-effect regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRR) for CSBA. We additionally evaluated associations of CSBA at any time during follow-up with time-averaged dialytic and laboratory parameters and associations of peridialytic parameters with occurrence of CSBA from the start of one HD session to the beginning of the next.

Results

There were 551 CSBA that occurred in the last 12 hours of the interdialytic interval preceding 100 HD sessions in 12% of patients and 1475 CSBA events in 23% of patients overall. We did not identify significant associations between dialytic parameters or serum electrolytes and CSBA in the last 12 hours of the interdialytic interval in adjusted analyses. Median time-averaged ultrafiltration rate was significantly higher in individuals without CSBA (9.8 versus 8, P=0.04). Use of dialysate sodium concentrations ≤135 (versus 140) mEq/L was associated with a reduced risk of CSBA from the start of one session to the beginning of next.

Conclusions

Although a few factors had modest associations with CSBA in some analyses, we did not identify any robust associations of modifiable parameters with CSBA in the MiD Study. Further investigation is needed to understand the high rates of arrhythmia in the hemodialysis population.
Educational trends 2022: essence and innovation potential
Authors: Gumennykova Tamara , Ilchenko Petro , Bazyl Olena , Ilchenko Alla , Vydrych Olena
Published: October 2022

The paper aims to analyze the educational trends of the year 2022 and determine whether they are relevant in the future, whether they are a response to the challenges of the present. Also, attention is paid to the method of SWOT-analysis, with the help of which the strengths and vulnerabilities of distance learning are identified. The results analyze the future of distance education, in particular, special attention is paid to the experience of implementing hybrid education as a likely promising direction of further learning. Another aspect is the introduction of STEM education, media education (as a counteraction to intentional propaganda), and Education for Sustainable Development as important elements of the modern learning process in the United States and European countries. In conclusion, it is concluded that these areas of educational activities will be trends in the next decade in the recurrence of the crisis. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the fact that for the first time at the synthetic level modern educational trends were studied, their prospects and risks of use were characterized.

The abstract in English does not match the abstract in Spanish.
Integrated Entropy-EDAS Methods for the Electrified Car Selection Problem
Authors: ÇALOĞLU BÜYÜKSELÇUK Elif , TOZAN Hakan
Published: October 2022

Increasing air pollution affects the environment and life negatively. For a sustainable environment and life, people, voluntary organizations, and governments need to work on the solution of this problem. The biggest sources of air pollution are transportation vehicles. For this reason, many countries in Europe have stated that they will use solely electrified cars to reduce air pollution in the future. Therefore, in this study, it is aimed to determine the best electrified car. The result obtained can support consumers that to intend to buy an electrified vehicle in the decision-making process. This problem is a typical multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem and some MCDM techniques are used to solve these problems. Here, the Entropy method was used to determine the weights of the selection criteria. Selection criteria was determined according to comprehensive literature survey and interviews with sales representatives. The EDAS (Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution) method was used to rank the electrified car alternatives that sold in Turkey. As a result of the evaluation, the most important criteria was determined by the price of the vehicle, the net battery capacity, and the electric motor power. According to these criteria, the electrified car manufactured in China was chosen as the best.
Perancangan Alat Otomatisasi Sistem Monitoring Dan Kontroling Tinggi Permukaan Air Sungai Sebagai Peringatan Dini Terjadinya Banjir
Authors: Suparman Suparman , Suhartanto Eka , Ibnu Shina Yahya
Published: October 2022

The frequent occurrence of floods caused by overflows of river water indicates a lack of supervision of water level activities, even though the impact of the flood is very detrimental to the community. Therefore we need a business that can monitor and control water capacity, one form of business that can be made is by designing a device that can monitor and control the water level using sensors and microcontrollers. The way this tool works is as a means of detecting water level distances using an SRF 05 sensor by sending a signal to the Arduino uno microcontroller to process the data and then output from the LCD in the form of letters and numbers, the LED indicator which indicates the water level is a warning sign for this system. This system has three levels of water activity levels, namely at level 1 marked with a green LED then at level 2 marked with a blue LED then at level 3 marked with a red LED, the LED connected to the buzzer will provide a warning sign in the form of a siren/alarm that the water has been at the highest level and the relay has come alive with a red color. The design of an automated monitoring and control system for water level using sensors and microcontrollers has been successfully carried out. The purpose of this research is to design a tool that can monitor the water level in real time and is also based on a microcontroller. The calibration results show that the SRF 05 sensor has an average water level measuring instrument accuracy of 99.67% and has an average relative error of 0.33%. The results of this study indicate that the design of the tool that has been made has worked well as a monitoring and control system for water level using the Arduino Uno microcontroller.
PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUKSI GENTENG MENGGUNAKAN PENERAPAN METODE SIX SIGMA DAN FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA)
Authors: Erlin Riandari  , Susetyo Joko , Asih Endang Widuri
Published: October 2022

Super MD Tile Factory is an individual business that is engaged in the production of tiles in small quantities. One of the products produced is Mantili tile with make to stock and make to order production systems. Defective products in the production process cannot be completely avoided. The company sets a tolerance for defective products in production, which is 4.44%, but in practice the defective products produced can reach 8%. Types of defects such as porous, cracked, broken, cracked tiles, and charred.The work using the six sigma method and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), obtained a DPMO value of 16634 and a sigma value of 3.63. This shows that this value is still far from the world industry level which reaches 6 sigma with a DPMO value of 3.4.Based on the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method, the calculation of the Risk Priority Number (RPN) value is obtained. Based on the RPN value, the priority causes of errors were obtained, namely, errors when setting the temperature for burning tile 512 RPN, less careful in laying tiles 448 RPN, raw material composition 392 RPN, and errors in taking tiles that were not dry 224 RPN. Suggestions that can be given in an effort to improve the quality of tile products are to add temperature gauge items and check or inspect more frequently during the production process.
Blockchain Applications in Education Affecting Challenges and Problems in Digital
Authors: Warry Saputra Multama Agung , Ochtaffia Dinnda , Apriani Desy
Published: October 2022

Blockchain is thought to have a significant potential to offer a wide range of benefits for education development because of its special properties of decentralization and security. Its use in schooling is quite new. new but expanding swiftly. This paper described the standard blockchain. Briefly describe procedures and qualities. then, current blockchain applications thorough summaries of the findings in education, especially those Learning record keeper, decentralized education ecosystem, and credential issuance and management. The final topic of discussion was obstacles, both technical and otherwise. It is intended to give a thorough examination of the potential applications of blockchain. aid in the creation of new application systems and assist in the evolution of education.
Impacto de las remesas en zonas rurales y urbanas del estado de Sinaloa 2004-2018
Authors: Salcido-Vega Francisco Guillermo , Carrazco-Escalante José Crisóforo , Félix-Armenta Jimmy
Published: October 2022

Objective: to analyze income inequality with the contribution of remittances received directly and eliminating this contribution, to achieve this a comparison will be made with the Gini index. Methodology: the analysis was applied to households in the state of Sinaloa and the variable of interest was the income of the heads of household together with the remittance variable and without the remittance variable. Results: it is evident that the average income suffers an increase even when the percentage of the population receiving remittances is less than 7 percent. Limitation: for the analysis, variables were homogenized and created since the database during the study period reflected important changes in its structure. Originality: We report the empirical importance with theoretical support by showing the role of remittances for a state based on agricultural activities. Conclusions: Remittances have a greater impact on the reduction of inequality in rural areas, due to the migration of the rural community of the state studied.
Creación de un repositorio de código abierto de modelos en 3D de un kit odontológico utilizando Blender
Authors: Soria Maldonado Danilo Alejandro , Haro Loor Sara Marina
Published: October 2022

En el campo de la odontología y las ciencias médicas, las prácticas presenciales con el respectivo instrumento brindan una experiencia necesaria en la formación de profesionales. Sin embargo, el alto costo de los instrumentos y su respectivo mantenimiento son un obstáculo para estudiantes e instituciones con recursos limitados. El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es crear un repositorio gratuito de código abierto de modelos 3D perteneciente al instrumental de un kit odontológico, a partir de una metodología basada en procesos estandarizados en trabajos multimedia y recurrentemente, utilizados a su vez en producciones de índole tridimensional. Esta metodología se divide en tres amplias faces que son preproducción, producción y posproducción, cada una con sus diferentes etapas que favorecen al óptimo desarrollo del repositorio, de manera que los instrumentos modelados tengan un favorable acercamiento a la realidad. El estudio aspira a que el repositorio tenga diferentes usos que solventen las variadas necesidades presentes en la educación del campo odontológico y si es posible ser usados en trabajos con horizontes más extensos. Finalmente, el repositorio fue subido a una plataforma de libre acceso donde puede ser descargado para desarrollar proyectos que cumplan con la finalidad de los modelos almacenados.
Un ritual milenario, un carnaval centenario: el caso de los “guardianos” o salteadores de Lanz (1818) y la invención de la tradición
Authors: Usunáriz Garayoa Jesús M.
Published: October 2022

Este trabajo pretende establecer la relación entre, por un lado, el caso de los bandoleros de Lanz, que amenazaron la seguridad de los caminos y del puerto de Velate (Navarra, España) desde 1810, y la detención, el ahorcamiento y descuartizamiento de varios de ellos ordenado por la justicia en 1817-1818; y, por otro, la representación o mascarada del carnaval rural de Lanz que se ha conservado hasta nuestros días y que puede inter-pretarse a la luz de tales acontecimientos.
Producción y comercio de carbón vegetal en las Bardenas Reales de Navarra
Authors: Garde Garde Juan Manuel
Published: October 2022

El objeto de este trabajo es analizar y describir la práctica del carboneo en las Bardenas Reales de Navarra a lo largo de la historia. Ante la ausencia de restos materiales de esta actividad, así como de estudios antracológicos, las fuentes escritas documentan la producción de carbón y su transporte y comercialización en las localidades limítrofes. Igualmente se muestra el impacto de esta práctica sobre el bosque mediterráneo que cubría la comarca, acelerando la deforestación a pesar de los diversos intentos para detenerla y revertirla.
Intervención arqueológica en San Nicolás 2021
Authors: Bienes Calvo Juan José
Published: October 2022

Tras la decisión del Ayuntamiento de Tudela de no continuar los Talleres de Arqueología en la iglesia de San Nicolás, termina un periodo de intervención arqueológica ininterrumpida desde el año 2014. en estos trabajos se han recuperado 276 enterramientos, materiales y estructuras de las tres edificaciones diferentes que tuvo el templo. En 2021 se ha realizado una mínima intervención con la intención de dejar la superficie excavada descubierta sin perjuicio para los restos hasta que en su momento se proceda a la restauración del edificio y la continuidad de los trabajos arqueológicos.