bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Combined Effects on Residual Strength of a High Performance Concrete Exposed to Fire
Authors: Annerel Emmanuel , Taerwe Luc
Published: September 2016

Concrete structures exposed to fire suffer from damage, but can remain a certain degree of residual strength. International research has shown that the compressive strength of concrete decreases not only with temperature, but also by the way of cooling and the storage conditions after fire. Fast cooling introduces a thermal shock which, based on experiments by the authors, could result in a 30% additional strength loss with respect to the loss during heating. When storing the concrete after the fire in air or under water, additional strength losses of about 20-30 % are found within 14 days after the fire.
In this paper it is investigated for a high performance concrete what the combined effect is of heating, cooling and storage.
One of the conclusions – but with respect to the specific test conditions (e.g. slow heating, 550°C max, pre-dried samples) – is that superposing both expected strength losses of about 30% in case a fast cooling is followed by a period of post-cooling storage results in too conservative strength estimations. It is deemed that the cracks resulting from fast cooling, will act as expansion chambers for the newly produced portlandite, thus strongly reducing additional stresses, which results in expected lesser damage.
Effects of Mix Proportion on the Strength and Elasticity of Concrete Subjected to High Temperatures up to 800C
Authors: Nishi Hironobu , Kasami Hideo , Tayama Takafumi
Published: September 2016

This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the strength and elasticity of concrete subjected to high temperatures up to 800C carried out to determine the effects of exposure temperature and the effects of mixture proportion of concrete. Cylinders made of 4 mixture of normal-weight concrete with the W/C of 50 and 60% and slump of 50 and 210mm were subjected to 13 phases of temperatures from 20 to 800C without seal at the age of 91 days. Exposure term was 91 days for exposure up to 300C, 60 days for 400C and 24 hours for higher temperatures above 500C. After temperature exposure, cylinders were tested for weight loss, compressive strength, dynamic and static moduli of elasticity and Poisson's ratio at room temperature.Weight loss increased with exposure temperature, indicating greater loss below 110C and smaller loss above 300C. Compressive strength did not decline monotonously with temperature rise between 20 and 110C, but showed 10 % reduction at 35 to 50C and recovery at 80 to 110C, indicating the minimal and maximum points. The minimal point was associated with intermediate weight loss of 4 to 5 %. At temperatures higher than 400C, residual compressive strength showed greater reduction with temperature rise for smaller weight loss.As for the effects of mixture proportion, concrete with higher W/C and higher water content showed greater weight loss and greater strength reduction below 300C, while those with higher cement content showed greater strength reduction above 500C.Both dynamic and static modulus of elasticity declined monotonously with temperature rise, indicating higher reduction rate than compressive strength. And the relationship between the two moduli of elasticity was in good correlation. Poisson's ratio did not show monotonous change with temperature, but showed discontinuity between elevated and high temperatures, indicating downward peaks at about 80C which associated with 2 to 5 % weight loss, and an upward peak at 200 to 300C, which was associated with about 7 % weight loss, and a rapid increase at higher temperature of 700 to 800C.
Crack Growth Resistance in Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Exposed to Sustained Extreme Temperatures
Authors: Bindiganavile Vivek , Goncalves Jose R.A. , Boluk Yaman
Published: September 2016

Portland cement concrete (PCC) is now second only to potable water in per capita consumption. And notwithstanding its numerous benefits, Portland cement itself is responsible for between 4 to 5% of the world’s manmade greenhouse gas emissions. In this context, geopolymer concrete is a promising alternative, wherein the Portland cement binder is replaced entirely by supplementary cementitious materials triggered by alkaline activators. Relatively little is known on the fracture response of this system, especially when exposed to extreme temperatures. The study reported here focused on the crack growth response of such a system prepared with Class F fly ash and reinforced with steel and polymeric fibres up to 1% volume fraction. The geopolymerization was effected with a blend of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate to achieve a compressive strength of 30 MPa at 28 days. The resulting geopolymer concrete was subjected to temperatures between-30 oC to 300 oC, sustained for 2 hours. A fibre blend of steel to polypropylene in the mass ratio of 4:1 was incorporated. Based on the results, four different stages for fracture behaviour were identified with superior fibre efficiency seen at sub-zero temperatures.
Degradation of Reinforced Concrete Structures of Aluminum Electrolysis Plants Subjected to Elevated Temperature and Cyclic Load
Authors: Kasami Hideo , Tayama Takafumi
Published: September 2016

Technical papers describing the temperature related degradation of concrete are abundant, and serious damages often occurred in concrete structures subjected to high temperature such as metallurgy factories, although such occurrences were seldom made public.
Concrete structures in aluminum electrolysis plants are generally subjected to high temperature emitted from electrolysis cells and cyclic load of heavy vehicles. Besides, hydrogen fluoride emitted from cells and stray current through reinforcement may cause deteriorating effects.
In the case of an electrolysis plant built in Niigata in late 1960's, a part of passageway slab collapsed within a year of operation. A few years later, mesh shaped cracks on operation floor and shear cracks on floor beams and columns were observed. And an overall investigation on floor beams of 4 smelter buildings was carried out to determine the extent of deterioration, in 1972.
The residual strength decreased linearly with operation term. The extent of strength reduction in "t" years' operation that we named "Deterioration Factor" and limit of lifetime were estimated. Countermeasures to reduce cyclic load and to reinforce floor beams were then taken, as well as the application of the Deterioration Factor to the next electrolysis plant in Shikoku Island. Details of renewed design of S-Electrolysis Plant and degradation of concrete are discussed.
These aluminum electrolysis plants in Niigata and Shikoku have stopped operation in 1985 due to the withdrawal of the refining company, and existing smelter buildings have been diverted to another use. Although this paper presents rather retrospective cases, the authors wish this would be still helpful as a case study on degradation in concrete structure due to elevated temperature.
Modelling the Response of Simply-Supported Two-Way Reinforced Concrete Slabs Exposed to Fire
Authors: Baharudin Emran , Bisby Luke , Stratford Tim
Published: September 2016

The historically good performance of concrete structures in real fires, and the lack of urgent drivers for the concrete industry to support research on the fire performance of concrete structures, means that research on the full frame response of concrete buildings to fires has received much less attention than for steel-framed structures. However, a credible understanding of, and ability to model, the response of concrete structures under fire exposure is crucial to make further progress in the field of structural fire engineering, and to make best use of the flexibility enabled by performance-based fire codes. This paper presents a computational study on the structural behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs during fire tests undertaken by Zhang et al.[16]. The distribution of stresses in the slabs is discussed, as is the need for further research to better understand structural response during fire. Amongst other factors, the assumed tensile strength of the concrete is crucial to accurately predict response. The results corroborate the existing consensus that concrete slabs in real buildings can, in some cases, withstand fires for longer than expected; this is due to mobilisation of membrane actions, amongst other factors.
Evaluation of Water Permeability in Fibre Reinforced Hydraulic Lime Mortar Intended for Conservation
Authors: Bindiganavile Vivek , Islam Md Toihidul , Suresh Narayana
Published: September 2016

Much of the existing water infrastructure across the world was constructed using masonry in the last 200 years and many of these structures were built with pre-Portland cement binders. Although these mortars exhibit good workability and high water retention in the plastic state, the water tightness deteriorates over the years resulting in a pressing need for suitable repair materials. The addition of polypropylene micorfibre in cement-based systems was found to be effective in reducing water permeability. But the effect of polymeric fibres on the permeability coefficient of hydraulic lime mortar (HLM) is unknown. Therefore, this paper focuses on measuring water permeability in fibre reinforced HLM. Besides, this study examined the application of nanolime onto the aforementioned mortars and its effect on their water permeability. Accordingly, a permeability cell was setup to monitor the onset of the steady state condition in fluid flow. Companion data was generated for the mechanical performance of these mortars. The results show that in hydraulic lime mortar, there is likely an optimal fibre dosage in order to reduce the permeability coefficient. Unlike with Portland cement mortar, this dosage is significantly lower. As well, applying nanolime was most beneficial in limiting water permeability in the natural hydraulic lime mortars.
Recycled Concrete Mixes for Slip-Form Paving of Roads and Airports
Authors: Crispino Maurizio , Toraldo Emanuele , Giustozzi Filippo , Mariani Edoardo
Published: September 2016

Slip-form paving is gaining consensus in road and airport construction due to high production rates and automation of the process. Concrete slabs are extruded by pulling the forms continuously through and surrounding the plastic concrete mass. The technology uses low-slump cement concrete mixes so that the fresh mass is able to hold its shape once the slip-form paver has passed; besides low-slump, several other parameters should be considered for a proper slip-form concrete mix, especially at the fresh state.
To date, recycling is being commonly adopted in concrete mixes to address sustainability in construction of transport infrastructures. Recycled Concrete Aggregates (RCA) are used to reduce the consumption of virgin materials although their increased porosity leads to higher absorption and generally lower mechanical performance.
The present study aimed at evaluating the compatibility of 100% recycled concrete mixes with slip-form paving; recycled concrete was tested to evaluate the fresh-state properties as well as the hardened strength. Results showed that slip-form effective and high-resistance mixes could be prepared by using high content of RCA.
Cracking Analysis of FRC Beams under Sustained Long-Term Loading
Authors: Candido Leandro , Micelli Francesco , Vasanelli Emilia , Aiello Maria Antonietta , Plizzari Giovanni A.
Published: September 2016

Crack formation within concrete members undergoing flexural loading is a complex mechanism, which governs the serviceability and durability of concrete structures. As for reinforced concrete (RC) members, a number of works based on empirical or theoretical approaches are published in the scientific literature. All the models propose a formulation for the estimation of crack spacing and crack width taking into account several parameters. Mechanical properties of concrete matrix, reinforcement ratio, concrete cover, bar diameter and size effect are the most influencing parameters on the cracking pattern of RC members, while tension stiffening can be influential as well. In Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) elements the presence of short fibers modifies the crack pattern within the members due to the development of a residual tensile stress and greater toughness. Normally the number of cracks within the length of FRC members is higher while the mean crack spacing and the crack width are lower. In fact the crack bridging effect of fibers consists in post-cracking stresses between the crack faces. Such mechanism is mainly governed by the interface bond between fiber and concrete matrix. Therefore, the volume fraction and the geometrical properties of fibers strongly influence the overall contribution in the cracking phenomena. A limited number of design codes have taken into account the modified behaviour of FRC members (especially in the case of steel fibers) by providing specific equations for crack width. This work presents the results of an experimental campaign on RC beams subjected to sustained service loads and environmental exposure for 72 months. In some beams, short steel or polyester fibers were added to the concrete matrix. The results presented in the paper show that the addition of fibres in concrete reduces both flexural displacements and crack widths, by modifying also the long-term behaviour of FRC members.
The PACE-1450 Test Campaign - Leakage Behaviour of a Pre-Stressed Concrete Containment Wall Segment
Authors: Herrmann Nico , Müller Harald S. , Niklasch Christoph , Michel-Ponnelle Sylvie , Masson Benoît
Published: September 2016

Investigating nuclear power plant containments under accidental conditions obviously leads to the question of possible leakage through cracks of the pre-stressed concrete containment. In the last decades a number of civil engineering R&D programs dedicated to theoretical and experimental analyses have been performed. For the PACE-1450 experiment a leakage testing facility for pre-stressed curved specimen has been built in the laboratory of the Materials Testing and Research Institute (MPA Karlsruhe) at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The test campaign has now been successfully finished with the evaluation of gained results still ongoing. The first half of the campaign was mainly dedicated to the cracking of the realistically reinforced specimen while the second half was focussing on the leakage behaviour of the cracked specimen. In the tests cold air, heated air and air-steam mixtures were used.
Transient Thermal Creep at Moderate Temperature
Authors: Cagnon Hugo , Vidal Thierry , Sellier Alain , Torrenti Jean Michel
Published: September 2016

The Cigéo project initiated by Andra (the French national agency for nuclear wastes management) concerns a deep geological disposal situated in an impermeable layer of clay approximately 500 m under ground. The High Performance Concrete (HPC) galleries will allow Intermediate Level Long-Life Nuclear Wastes to be stored. These exothermic radioactive wastes will induce a temperature rise which may reach 70°C. The very few studies that have investigated the effect of temperatures below 100°C on concrete behaviour have shown that temperature amplifies long-term deformations more than instantaneous ones. The present paper deals with the dimensional variations of HPC when subjected to temperature changes in sealed conditions. The aim is to provide accurate data to understand the causes of transient thermal creep. These experimental data may allow Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical models to be improved and thus provide accurate prediction of concrete long term behavior in such in situ conditions.
Requirements for the Modeling of Medium-Term Behavior of Nuclear Containment Concrete for a “Loss of Coolant Accident” Analysis
Authors: Sellier Alain , Vidal Thierry , Cagnon Hugo , Buffo-Lacarriere Laurie , Multon Stéphane
Published: September 2016

The objective of this research is to understand the behavior of concrete subjected to temperatures up to 180°C and to gas absolute pressures up to 5 bars applied during the two weeks envisioned in the “loss of coolant accident” (LOCA) scenario. Previous studies about delayed mechanical behavior of concrete have pointed out an increase of delayed strains with the temperature rise: the basic creep can be multiplied by a factor 10 at 80°C, and coupling between creep and heating can lead to damage and to transient thermal creep. These phenomena could be predominant if the LOCA induced conditions are maintained several days and more probably several weeks. So, a model able to predict the cracking and the gas leakages has to be developed. It has to consider these phenomena and their coupling with other possible causes of concrete damage previous to the LOCA. In fact, if the LOCA occurs on structure already damaged by early age cracking or endogenous chemical reactions, such as AAR or ettringite, the leakage risk could be increased. The paper will focus on some important aspects of these phenomena (creep rate dependency on temperature, scale effects at early age, damage induced by swelling reactions), and on their coupling in a finite element model.
The feasibility of a nuclear renaissance: A cost-benefit analysis of nuclear energy as a source of electricity
Authors: Lombaard Andries Lodewikus , Kleynhans Ewert P.J.
Published: September 2016

Purpose: This article evaluates a possible global nuclear renaissance in the provision of electrical energy.Problem investigated: Several countries, such as South Africa, are experiencing problems in the provision of electricity and the maintenance of the infrastructure to answer growing demand. This article investigates an alternative, which was popular in the 1970s and provides clean energy.Methodology: The study firstly evaluates the main arguments set by anti-nuclear activists critically. It concerns negative public sentiment, human life and environmental endangerment, alternative energy, cost effectiveness and waste disposal concerns. The study focuses on the cost of nuclear power, as the benefits of electricity are assumed homogeneous. The second part of the article reports on an empirical cost-benefit analysis conducted by the authors to estimate the value and likeliness of a nuclear renaissance.Findings and implications: The empirical analysis indicated that nuclear energy is mostly cost-efficient. The research shows that there might be a slight increase in the use of nuclear power-producing technologies in future.Originality and value of the research: This study makes a positive contribution to the electrical power and nuclear energy debate. It assesses the possibility of a nuclear renaissance objectively. The environment, global energy shortage and different cost structures of various modes of energy production were considered.Conclusion: The study concluded that a nuclear renaissance is possible, but that despite the advantages to costs and the environment, this would not yet be statistically significant enough to cause a nuclear renaissance.
Impact of Dupoto-e-Maa education project on dropout rate and academic performance
Authors: Ouda James B. , Ndung’u Simon M.
Published: September 2016

Background: A study conducted in the Kajiado Central District of Kenya in 2006 showed that there was a high dropout rate among primary schoolgoing children and that their academic performance was poor. The Dupoto-e-Maa education project was implemented in 2007 to address issues related to drop out rate and academic performance.Objectives: The evaluation therefore investigated the extent to which the project had influenced dropout rate and academic performance in the public primary schools in Kajiado Central District.Method: The evaluation adopted a mixed methods approach: cross-sectional survey and case study designs. The benefit of the approach is the richness of information obtained through triangulation. The respondents included head teachers, school management committees, teachers, pupils, quality assurance and standards officer and project staff. A sample size of 183 respondents was selected using purposive sampling and stratified random sampling procedures. Head teachers of the sampled schools participated as key informants. The instruments of data collection included questionnaires, an interview guide, a document analysis guide, a focus group discussion guide and an observation guide. Results: The findings indicate that the Dupoto-e-Maa education project had influenced dropout rates. The direction of the findings seems to suggest that academic performance trends are unpredictable since fluctuations are evident, though the programme could have encountered some challenges that may have limited its achievement on this variable.Conclusion: The study recommended that there is need to increase the number of non-governmental organisations modelled around the Dupoto-e-Maa education project so as to reduce dropout rate and improve pupil academic performance. The findings could also inform government policy in terms of recruitment and placement of teachers in schools in arid and semi-arid lands. Project funding could be increased to improve visibility and sustainability of project activities.
A critical assessment of Bediako’s incarnational Christological model as a response to the foreignness of Christ in African Christianity
Authors: Potgieter Raymond , Magezi Christopher
Published: September 2016

Some African Christians continue to rely on traditional spiritual powers as a means of addressing their spiritual insecurity. In their perception Christ is regarded as being foreign to African spirituality and treated accordingly with the gospel seen as a predominantly western phenomenon. This raises the question regarding their understanding of Christ’s incarnation. This article critically analyses the ancestral incarnational Christological model of Bediako as a response to the foreignness of Christ in African Christianity. Bediako’s ancestral incarnational Christological model is his enterprise of deforeignising Christ in African Christianity by treating Christ under the African traditional ancestral category. This article demonstrates various theological aspects (i.e. the uncompounded divine-human nature of Christ in the one eternal person of the Son of God) that Bediako brings together in order to configure his ancestral incarnational Christological framework in deforeignising Christ. In breaking away from Bediako’s ancestral incarnational Christological perspective, the article concludes by identifying the weaknesses associated with the proposed concept of Bediako, and then suggests that there is a need for an alternative biblical-theological model that best describes Christ’s complete identification with African Christians. This is done without diminishing the actuality of Christ as God incarnate, or encouraging syncretism in African Christianity, or reducing the validity of African contextual needs.
Amenability and Covariant Injectivity of Locally Compact Quantum Groups II
Authors: Crann Jason
Published: September 2016

Building on our previous work, we study the non-relative homology of quantum group convolution algebras. Our main result establishes the equivalence of amenability of a locally compact quantum group and 1-injectivity of as an operator -module. In particular, a locally compact group G is amenable if and only if its group von Neumann algebra VN(G) is 1-injective as an operator module over the Fourier algebra A(G). As an application, we provide a decomposability result for completely bounded -module maps on , and give a simpliûed proof that amenable discrete quantum groups have co-amenable compact duals, which avoids the use of modular theory and the Powers-Størmer inequality, suggesting that our homological techniques may yield a new approach to the open problem of duality between amenability and co-amenability.
On periodic solutions associated with the nonlinear feedback loop in the non-dissipative Lorenz model
Authors: Shen B.-W.
Published: September 2016

Abstract. In this study, we discuss the role of the linear heating term and nonlinear terms associated with a nonlinear feedback loop in the energy cycle of the three-dimensional (X–Y–Z) non-dissipative Lorenz model (3D-NLM), where (X, Y, Z) represent the solutions in the phase space. Using trigonometric functions, we ﬁrst present the closed-form solution of the nonlinear equation d2X/dτ2 + (X2/2)X = 0 without the heating term (i.e., rX), (where τ is a non-dimensional time and r is the normalized Rayleigh number), a solution that has not been previously documented. Since the solution of the simpliﬁed 3D-NLM is oscillatory (wave-like) and since the nonlinear term (X3) is associated with the nonlinear feedback loop, here, we suggest that the nonlinear feedback loop may act as a restoring force. When the heating term is considered, the system yields three critical points. A linear analysis suggests that the origin (i.e., the trivial critical point) is a saddle point and that the other two non-trivial critical points are stable. Here, we provide an analysis for three types of solutions that are associated with these critical points. Two of the solutions represent closed curves that travel around one non-trivial critical point or all three critical points. The third type of solution, appearing to connect the stable and unstable manifolds of the saddle point, is called the homoclinic orbit. Using the solution that contains one non-trivial critical point, here, we show that the competing impact of the nonlinear restoring force and the linear (heating) force determines the partitions of the averaged available potential energy from the Y and Z modes. Based on the energy analysis, an energy cycle with four different regimes is identiﬁed. The cycle is only half of a "large" cycle, displaying the wing pattern of a glasswinged butterﬂy. The other half cycle is antisymmetric with respect to the origin. The two types of oscillatory solutions with either a small cycle or a large cycle are orbitally stable. As compared to the oscillatory solutions, the homoclinic orbit is not periodic because it "takes forever" to reach the origin. Two trajectories with starting points near the homoclinic orbit may be diverged because one moves with a small cycle and the other moves with a large cycle. Therefore, the homoclinic orbit is not orbitally stable. In a future study, dissipation and/or additional nonlinear terms will be included in order to determine how their interactions with the original nonlinear feedback loop and the heating term may change the periodic orbits (as well as homoclinic orbits) to become quasi-periodic orbits and chaotic solutions.
ERGOTERAPIJOS IR KINEZITERAPIJOS PROCEDŪRŲ ANALIZĖ 2008-2015 METAIS
Authors: Juocevičius Alvydas , Kavaliauskaitė Raimonda , Rakštelytė Rūta
Published: September 2016

Straipsnyje atlikta reabilitacijos priemonių, taikytų pacientams, gydytiems stacionare, analizė 2008- 2015 metais. Išnagrinėtas atliktų procedūrų skaičiaus pokytis, gulėjimo trukmė bei reabilitacijos skyriaus, aptarnaujančio šiuos žmones, personalo etatų struktūros ir krūvio kitimas. Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad pacientų, kuriems teiktos paslaugos Fizinės medicinos ir reabilitacijos centro I stacionarinės reabilitacijos skyriuje, skaičius nuolat kito, o 2015 metais buvo didžiausias. Ergoterapijos ir kineziterapijos procedūrų skaičius, atliktų vienam pacientui didžiausias buvo 2008 metais, kineziterapijos procedūrų skaičius mažiausias 2012 metais, ergoterapijos 2015 metais. Toks pokytis matomas dėl trumpesnės gydymo trukmės bei didėjančio pacientų skaičiaus skyriuje, lyginant su ankstesniais metais. Nuolat kito tiek ergoterapijos, tiek kineziterapijos procedūrų skaičius, bet kineziterapijos procedūrų buvo atlikta daugiau nei ergoterapijos. Ergoterapijos procedūrų skaičius nuo 2008 iki 2012 metų mažėjo, o nuo 2013 metų vėl didėjo.
Atgalinio žingsniavimo poveikis kelio sąnario osteoartrozei
Authors: Gaučytė Vilma , Lenickienė Svetlana
Published: September 2016

Šiuo tyrimu siekta įverinti atgalinio žingsniavimo poveikį osteoartroze sergančių pacientų pažeisto kelio sąnario funkcijai. 30 pacientų, kuriems diagnozuota II° - IV° kelio sąnario osteoartrozė, atsitiktinės atrankos būdu suskirstyti į tiriamąją ir kontrolinę grupes vykdė 10 užsiėmimų kineziterapijos pratimų programą, papildytą įprastu ir atgaliniu žingsniavimu. Pacientų funkcinė būklė testuota prieš ir po kineziterapijos programų taikymo: įvertintas skausmo pojūtis, šlaunies lenkėjų ir tiesėjų, kelio lenkėjų ir tiesėjų, čiurnos lenkėjų ir tiesėjų raumenų izometrinė jėga, apatinių galūnių funkcinė būklė. Duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant statistinės analizės „SPSS Windows 20.0“ ir Excel 2010 programas. Nustatyta, kad atgaliniu ir įprastu žingsniavimu papildytos kineziterapijos programos statistiškai patikimai gerina funkcinę būklę, mažina skausmo pojūtį kelio sąnario lenkimo metu, didina šlaunies lenkėjų, šlaunies tiesėjų, kelio lenkėjų, kelio tiesėjų, čiurnos lenkėjų ir čiurnos tiesėjų raumenų grupių izometrinę jėgą. Atgalinio žingsniavimo metodas mažina skausmo pojūtį kelio sąnario tiesimo metu, reikšmingiau nei įprastas ėjimas didina šlaunies tiesėjų ir čiurnos lenkėjų raumenų izometrinę jėgą.
Priešoperacinio mokymo poveikis pacientų po priekinio kryžminio raiščio plastikos funkcinei būklei
Authors: Vainiūtė Aistė , Jamontaitė Ieva Eglė
Published: September 2016

Tyrimo tikslas – įvertinti priešoperacinio mokymo poveikį pacientų po priekinio kryžminio raiščio (PKR) plastikos funkcinei būklei. Tyrime dalyvavo 21 pacientas (amžius 32,9±9,99 metai). Tiriamieji atsitiktinės atrankos būdu buvo suskirstyti į dvi grupes: tiriamąją, kuriai taikytas išsamus priešoperacinis mokymas ir pateikta rekomenduojama namų pratimų programa, ir kontrolinę, kuri gavo trumpą žodinį mokymą ir parengtą įprastinę atmintinę. Klinikinių rodiklių matavimas buvo atliktas prieš dieną iki PKR plastikos ir mėnuo po jos. Duomenys apskaičiuoti taikant Stjudent‘o (t) kriterijų, reikšmingumo lygmuo p<0,05. Mėnuo po PKR plastikos abiejų grupių tiriamųjų funkcinė būklė pablogėjo, tačiau tiriamosios grupės subjektyvios kelio sąnario būklės, tiesimo ir lenkimo amplitudės, skausmo, patinimo, šlaunies ir blauzdos raumenų hipotrofijos, izometrinė blauzdos lenkiamųjų ir tiesiamųjų raumenų jėgos vertinimo rezultatai buvo geresni nei kontrolinės.
PEDAGOGIA HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA E FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS (EJA): PRIMEIRAS APROXIMAÇÕES
Authors: Villela Fabio Fernandes
Published: September 2016

A formação de professores, na perspectiva do marxismo historicista, foi abordada em diversos trabalhos ao longo de nossa trajetória acadêmica (Villela, 2009; 2010-2012 e 2013-2015). No sentido de aprofundar a questão da formação de professores, analisaremos, neste texto, as possibilidades de superação da divisão do trabalho na escola através do trabalho coletivo, elemento fundamental para a organização do trabalho pedagógico e da didática. Para tal finalidade, abordaremos alguns elementos da formação dos bolsistas do Programa Unesp de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (Peja) de São José do Rio Preto (SP), em 2013-2014, que têm em perspectiva a didática para a pedagogia histórico-crítica desenvolvida por Gasparin (2013) e elaborada a partir de Saviani (1999), com vistas a discutir as interrelações entre a crítica à divisão do trabalho na escola e à inteligência coletiva, tendo como cenário os usos das novas tecnologias aplicadas à educação. Ao elaboramos a crítica à divisão do trabalho na escola, emerge a temática da gestão democrática na escola, especialmente na Educação de Jovens, Adultos e Idosos (EJA).
Bank Governance, Regulation and Risk Taking: Evidence from Tunisia
Authors: Kouki Mondher , Mabrouk Lamia
Published: September 2016

This paper investigates the hypothesis that governance and regulation have a role in reducing bank risk. Our evidences are partially consistent with standard agency theory. Using a sample of Tunisian listed banks between 2000 and 2014, we show that bank risk is, influenced positively by ownership structure and negatively by regulation, which confirm our hypotheses. However, board independence and board size seems to have the opposite expected effect, which is largely inconsistent with findings in the prior literature.
Relationship between Phytoplankton and Environmental Variables from Bien Ho and Lak Lakes in Central Highland of Vietnam
Authors: Dao Thanh-Son
Published: September 2016

Being the primary producers of the food chain, phytoplankton including micro algae and cyanobacteria play a key role in freshwater ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the seasonal variation of phytoplankton in relation to the environmental parameters such as temperature, pH, electric conductivity, transparency, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, nutrients, trace metals in two natural lakes, Bien Ho and Lak lakes, from central highland of Vietnam. The cluster analysis revealed that the similarity of aquatic environmental parameters of Bien Ho Lake was clearly separated among the seasons and that of Lak Lake was overlap between the dry season and trans-season period. The results showed that the physical conditions and trace metal concentrations in surface water of the two lakes were comparable and favored the phytoplankton growth. Nutrients including nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in Lak Lake were higher and advantageous for the development of phytoplankton whereas nitrogen concentration in Bien Ho seemed to limit the algal growth.From the monitoring, 98 and 312 species of phytoplankton in Bien Ho and Lak Lakes, respectively, which belong to green algae, Diatoms, golden algae, euglenoids, dinoflagellates and cyanobacteria. Phytoplankton densities were from 1 577 000 – 10 312 000 individuals/L in surface water from Bien Ho Lake and from 62 400 – 14 580 000 individuals/L in Lak Lake. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed that Bien Ho and Lak Lakes had similar characters of group distribution in each sampling time on the ordination plane. In Lak Lake, the parameters of pH, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, iron, electric conductivity, and aluminum had a close correlation with the algal distribution. The transparencyrevealed the clearest correlation with the phytoplankton distribution in Bien Ho.
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IMPACTO DO CONSUMO DESCONTROLADO DE ÁGUA NA PRODUÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS EM ESTAÇÃO DE TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA. ESTUDO DE CASO: ETA-ITACOLOMI, OURO PRETO (MG)
Authors: Pereira Jackson de Oliveira , Silva Sheila Bárbara Ferreira , Faria Patricia Cristina de , Costa Tallita Tostes da , Pires Viviane das Graças Rodrigues
Published: September 2016

O presente trabalho avaliou a produção de resíduos na Estação de Tratamentode Água (ETA) Itacolomi (Ouro Preto, MG), com ênfase nas suas condiçõesoperacionais. A ETA opera em condições de sobrecarga para garantir oabastecimento de água da população, diante do consumo descontrolado, jáque o município não possui hidrômetros para medição do consumo, sendocobrada apenas uma tarifa operacional básica. A produção de resíduos foiavaliada em termos volumétricos e em massa durante 75 dias, a partir damedição dos volumes gastos na lavagem dos filtros e dos decantadores da ETAe das concentrações dos parâmetros turbidez, cor, sólidos totais (ST), sólidosvoláteis totais (STV), demanda química de oxigênio (DQO). Os resultados daprodução de lodo observados foram de 73,45 m3/dia (em termos volumétricos)e de 32,10 kgST/dia (em massa). A análise dos dados revelou que as condiçõesde sobrecarga ocasionam uma geração de resíduos 73% superior ao que seriaobservado caso o consumo de água fosse controlado.
Editorial Año 13, No.26
Authors: Flores José Humberto
Published: September 2016

TEORÍA Y PRAXIS No. 26, Enero-Mayo 2015; 1-2
Editorial Año 13, No.27
Authors: Flores José Humberto
Published: September 2016

TEORÍA Y PRAXIS No. 27, Junio-Diciembre 2015; 1-2
USO DE EQUIPAMENTO DE PROTEÇÃO INDIVIDUAL EM UM SERVIÇO DE ATENÇÃO DOMICILIAR
Authors: Cordeiro Jéssica Fernanda Corrêa , Alves Amanda Pavinski , Gir Elucir , Miranda Diego Oliveira , Canini Silvia Rita Marin da Silva
Published: September 2016

Trata-se de um estudo transversal conduzido num Serviço de Atenção Domiciliar do interior paulista. Teve como objetivos identificar o uso de Equipamento de Proteção Individual, dispositivos de segurança, descarte de materiais perfurocortantes e fatores que dificultam e/ou facilitam o seu uso por profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. A população foi composta por 45 participantes e todos relataram usar Equipamento de Proteção Individual, sendo que 100% referiram usar luvas e os procedimentos frequentes para o uso foram curativos e administração de medicamentos. Apesar de relatarem que não há dificuldade para utilizar os Equipamentos de Proteção Individual e que se preocupam com sua própria segurança, observou-se que a adesão não foi integral. Assim, são necessários estudos futuros capazes de avaliar como ocorre de fato a assistência à saúde dos usuários nos domicílios, para que estratégias de prevenção possam ser identificadas e incorporadas à prática desses profissionais.
“Contradições em meio à tradição”: o processo de criação da Reserva Extrativista Rio Xingu, Terra do Meio, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Castro Roberta Rowsy Amorim de , Oliveira Myriam Cyntia Cesar de
Published: September 2016

Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar os processos de criação da RESEX Rio Xingu e a elaboração do seu Plano de Manejo, destacando como se deu a assimilação e repercussão desses processos pelas famílias ribeirinhas locais. A metodologia baseou-se na aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas, transcrição das mesmas, observação direta e participante e caminhadas nas áreas de uso das famílias. Foi optado pelo uso de narrativas devido ao fato de estas representarem com maior fidelidade a opinião e realidade vivenciada pelos interlocutores. No caso em estudo, a criação da Unidade de Conservação contribuiu para que fosse modificada a condição de usurpação das terras dos ribeirinhos por grileiros e fazendeiros, entretanto, foram verificadas dificuldades de assimilação pelos moradores da nova conjuntura estabelecida pela criação da RESEX e regras no seu Plano de Manejo, decorrentes, principalmente, da imposição de normatizações relacionadas a práticas tradicionalmente adotadas pelas famílias, o que influenciou no não cumprimento ou no sentimento do direito de não cumprir as regras estabelecidas, mudanças nas relações sociais e externalização de conflitos. Essa repercussão está atribuída, sobretudo, à rapidez com que foi conduzida a criação da área protegida, falhas no processo metodológico de construção do Plano de Manejo, ao comportamento passivo das famílias, quando consultadas, e à falta de maturação no diálogo entre os moradores da Reserva e as instituições envolvidas no processo de criação e gestão da mesma.
Reduction in healthcare utilization and costs following residential integrated treatment for co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders
Authors: Morse Siobhan , Bride Brian E.
Published: September 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of residential, integrated treatment for co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders on healthcare utilization and costs. More specifically, we compared pre- and post-treatment utilization of emergency room (ER) services and hospital stays for medical, mental health, and substance use problems.Methods: Data from 1,394 patients who attended private, residential treatment for co-occurring disorders and participated in follow-up data collection at 6 months were analyzed using chi-square and t-tests to evaluate what changes, if any, occurred preand post-treatment in regard to ER and hospital overnight utilization.Results: Significant reductions in the number ER visits and overnight stays were realized across the three services domains examined: medical, mental health and substance use.Conclusions: Private, residential treatment for substance use and mental health disorder can support an overall reduction in the utilization and costs of acute care services such as ER visits and hospital overnight stays.
The Study of Polysemy in the Framework of Cognitive Semantics in Azerbaijani Turkish
Authors: Hazrati Yousef , Yousefirad Fateme , Rovshan Belghis , Ahmadkhani Mohammad Reza
Published: September 2016

The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of conceptual metaphor in the polysemy of the visual verb of /baxmaq/ (look) in Azerbaijani Turkish within the framework of cognitive semantics. The research method is a descriptive—analytic and the study tries to present the various meanings of the verb. To achieve this goal, the linguistic data was gathered by using Azerbaijani Turkish dictionaries, books, magazines, newspapers, and one of the authors’ linguistic intuitions. The findings indicate that for visual verb /baxmaq/ there are 19 senses with regard to its classification and abstracting away of contextual variations. They also show that the polysemy is a systematic phenomenon and factor such as metaphor and metonymy are crucially involved in the formation and description of polysemy and this makes broad meaning and eventually leads to polysemy of verb. In this way, semantic extensive network of verb is formed and on the other hand, it is claimed that metaphor has stronger role than metonymy in the formation of polysemy and usage of verb in the different context. The findings also show that polysemy is not randomly and forms based on our experiences of different concepts and the meanings of verbs are different from each other because they are understood from different ways.
Feasibility of CLIL Implementation in the Education System of Azerbaijan: Attitude towards CLIL and the English Language in Higher Educational Institutions
Authors: Mammadova Jamala I.
Published: September 2016

This article examines the feasibility of introducing Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) in the education system of Azerbaijan, and determining the most preferred target language for this matter. Azerbaijan is a country with traditions of multilingualism. There are certain challenges within the society in terms of ensuring communication among different linguistic groups, which necessitate examining appropriate language policy and acquisition solutions. CLIL, which enables individuals to learn more than two languages at relatively high level, seems to be a promising approach for overcoming the linguistic communication problems in Azerbaijan, and enabling to take socio-economic and cognitive advantages of multilingualism.

Whereas the question of feasibility of certain language acquisition approach in a specific country requires studying several dimensions such as public attitude, economic aspects and legal framework, the focus of the empirical research of this article is directed to learning the attitude to CLIL, which is a relatively under researched field. In the research part, it is sought to answer questions whether CLIL is supported among students in Azerbaijan, and which foreign language is preferred most. Moreover, it was sought to examine the relationship among the variables of gender, social class, existing language skills, as well as attitudes to CLIL and target language preference.

It was found that CLIL is supported by participants, and English is the most preferred foreign language. It indicates that multilingual societies like Azerbaijan are supportive of language acquisition choices that help preserve and develop multilingualism. Moreover, it was found that attitude to language acquisition method and the language itself differ due to income level and existing language skills.
The Evolution of The Language from the Philosophers’ Viewpoint
Authors: Salim Ahmadova Khanim
Published: September 2016

The article investigates linguistic sources about the language which have been investigated by the linguists for many years. The author has been studying linguistic sources comprehensively since the time of V. fon Humboldt, F. de Saussure etc. The main purpose of the author is to search the essence of the language and try to find the answer of the question how the language was evoluated. The questions “how life began? how the universe began? and how the language evoluated?” are highlighted in the given article. The author gives explanation to two theories about the essence of the language. The first one is the theory about the essence of the language which is supported by N. Chomsky and his followers. The content of their theory is that the language is innate. N. Chomsky always emphasized that the language is at least as much a system structuring and thinking about the world as it is a vehicle for communication. Though some linguists don’t agree with this idea. The second theory which is supported by a biologist Derek Bickerton and others is that the language is not innate. The author gives her comments on both of the theories. Sometimes one theory wins, sometimes the other one. But no concrete result has been found yet, either by linguists or by bilologist, etc.
The Implementation of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education: Seeing It from the Stakeholders’ Perspective
Authors: Cabansag John N.
Published: September 2016

Mother Tongue Based-Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) has carved its niche as a practical and effective approach in the educational landscape. It offers a plausible framework for preparing coming generations to become better adaptive and even rich contributors in the globalized and intercultural world. The gate to the new millennium has brought great zeal in and at the same time contestations around this educational alternative.

This study examined the stakeholders’ perspective on the implementation of MTB-MLE as a pedagogical approach. The stakeholders’ perspective were explored and analyzed through the results of the different focus group discussions among teachers, pupils, parents, local school board, parents-teachers and community association, non-government organization and local government unit.

Results from this study indicate four main benefits of MTB-MLE, namely: expressing better ideas, building self-confidence, better retention, and promoting friendly environment.

Meanwhile, the challenges which hinder the implementation of MTB-MLE are grouped into four significant themes: multilingual environment, difficulty in translation, inadequacy of instructional materials, and mandatory compliance to the Department of Education (DepEd) order.

The significance of the results of this study points out important actions the program can benefit Filipino pupils. Notably, a system that emanated from the higher authorities in which grassroots sector were not consulted, the Department of Education (DepEd) order should be executed by an interface between the higher level management and the local stakeholders. Involving them can undoubtedly contribute in the success of MTB-MLE.
The Effect of Working Memory on EFL Learners’ Oral Fluency
Authors: Rezai Mohammad Javad , Okhovat Bahareh
Published: September 2016

Speaking is the primary objective of most L2 instructional programs and stands as one of the major factors in the evaluation of L2 learners’ competence. The present study sought to investigate how preparation and task complexity can affect L2 learners’ oral fluency in speech production with respect to individual differences in working memory capacity. The participants of the study consisted of 61 advanced L2 learners. The data collection consisted of two phases: a working memory test (reading span test) and a picture description task. Speaking was elicited through speech generation task in which the individuals were asked to discuss four topics emerging in two pairs. Also, each topic was accompanied by several relevant pictures. L2 fluency was assessed based on task complexity and preparation. The data were then analyzed in terms of the number of syllables, the number of silent pauses, and the mean length of pauses produced per minute. The statistical findings revealed that working memory, as a cognitive factor, played a significant role in L2 oral fluency accounting for variation in L2 performance. In addition, the variables Complexity and Preparation turned out to have a significant effect on the span groups’ L2 oral performance. The study offers implications on strategies to improve learners’ both fluency and working memory.