bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of six beat kick technique training on swimming speed for the 50 meters freestyle
Authors: Armen Meiriani
Published: January 2018

Freestyle is one of the main swimming styles taught to swimmers. It has various techniques from stroke and breathing to limbs moving and coordinating. The legs moving technique Six Beat Kick is one of the techniques that could make an athlete swims faster. A quasi eksperiment research with pre-test and post-test program is aimed to recognise the impacts Six Beat Kick technique training on swimming speed for the 50 meters freestyle. This research is carried out in G-Sport Center Swimming Club in Padang city. The sampling method uses purposive sampling with 20 participants. The data are collected from swimming speed test on 50 meters freestyle. Prior the training, a pre-test is conducted. Then, the athletes must follow the training program for 14 times of training. Lastly, a post-test is performed. In addition, an analysis condition testing and a research hypothesis testing use data normality test and t-test with significance level of α 0,05. From the analysis condition testing, it could be assessed that the data follow a normal distribution with Lcounted 0,108 < Ltable 0,190. The hypothesis testing has a significant impact on swimming speed for 50 meters freestyle acknowledged from tcounted 22,19 > ttable 1,73. It can be concluded that Six Beat Kick technique training program could improve the swimming speed of meters freestyle.
The Effect of Conceptual Change Model in the Senior High School Students’ Understanding and Character in Learning Physics
Authors: Santyasa I Wayan , Warpala I Wayan Sukra , Tegeh I Made
Published: January 2018

Learning physics for senior high school (SMA) students is often coloured by misconceptions that hinder students in achieving deep understanding. So a relevant learning model is needed. This study aims to examine the effect of conceptual change model (CCM) compared with direct instruction model (DIM) on the students’ conceptual understanding and character in the subject area of motion and force. This quasi-experimental research using a non-equivalence pre-test post-test control groups design. The population is 20 classes (738 students) of grade X consisted of 8 classes (272 students) of SMA 1 Amlapura, 8 classes (256 students) of SMA 2 Amlapura, and 6 classes (210 students) of SMA 1 Manggis in Karangasem regency in Bali. The random assignment technique is used to assign 6 classes (202 students, or 26.5% of the population). In each school there are set 2 classes each as a CCM group and DIM groups. The data of students’ conceptual understanding is collected by tests, while the characters by questionnaires. To analyse the data a one way MANCOVA statistics was used. The result of the analysis showed that there was a significant difference of effect between CCM group and DIM group on the students’ conceptual understanding and character. The effect of the CCM group is higher than the DIM group on the students’ conceptual understanding and character in learning subject area of motion and force.
Integrated Learning in History Using Babad Banyumas to Improve the Empathy of Fellow Students
Authors: Edi Winoto Darmawan , Sariyatun  , Warto
Published: January 2018

The article focused on the analysis ofBabad Banyumaswhich is integrated in historical learning contents. The purpose of this integration was an effort to improve the sympathy of fellow students. Practicing this empathy was for the sake of realizing a harmonious friendship. This research was conducted in explorative way due to data collection techniques using observation, interview, document analysis, and questionnaire. The selection of the object was based on its position as a standard text. This paper was based on text analysis with qualitative research. Checklist was used as assessment instrument. Validity was done through discussion and triangulation technique. Data analysis was done through interactive analysis technique based onindependent samples t-test usingSPSS 15. The results of the study showed that the integrated history ofBabad Banyumascould improve the empathy of fellow students.
The effectiveness of using portfolio assessment in lecture by controlling mathematical logical intelligence
Authors: G.A Mahayukti , N Dantes , I.M Candiasa , A.A.I.N Marhaeni
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this research aims to examine the effectiveness of using portfolio assessment in the integral calculus lecture after logical mathematical intelligence is controlled. The population of this research are all students in the department of mathematics education who program integral calculus courses on the 2015/2016 academic year. Samples in this research are 88 students, who were selected randomly. The data were analyzed by one-way covariance analysis. The result of this research showed that student’s learning outcomes of Integral Calculus who were taught Integral Calculus with portfolio assessment, was higher than those of the students who were tought with essay assessment. The findings of this study show that using portfolio assessment is effective to improve student’s learning outcomes of Integral Calculus.
The Implementation of Character Education at Senior High School
Authors: Julia  , Supriyadi Tedi
Published: January 2018

This paper is aimed at analyzing the implementation of character education at Senior High School in Sumedang Regency, West Java, Indonesia. A content analysis method was employed to collect the data with interviews with six teachers from six different senior high schools, which represent the rural, transitional, and urban areas. The findings revealed that: (1) not all teachers understand the concept of character education; (2) the character education has not been done systematically or has not had the specific design/model for the teaching and learning process. Most teachers embedded the character values during the teaching and learning process as a form of character education. For example, through Qur’an recitation, learning tasks, group discussion, lecture, socio-drama, observation and admonition, and even through teachers’ model. Meanwhile, outside the class, character education was implemented through competition and extracurricular activities; (3) the evaluation of character education was relatively varied, such as an observation followed by admonition, group guidance, and also focusing on behavior and affective assessment in the classroom learning process. This research implied that it is needed to make a policy on a program development through the Bureau of Education to improve Senior High School teachers’ knowledge and skills in implementing the character education.
Learning of social studies in elementary school as a medium to strengthen multicultural education in the curriculum era 2013
Authors: Nora Yulfia
Published: January 2018

The writing of this article aims to describe the learning of social studies in elementary schools as a medium to strengthen multicultural education in the era of the curriculum 2013. Writing methods used are qualitative descriptions and literature studies. Social studiesis one of the subjects found in the basic education curriculum.Social studies essentially examines human relationships with the environment. The environment in question here is one of the ethnic, religious, racial, ethnic and linguistic diversity in Indonesian. Become, the context of social studies learning is multicultural education.Multicultural education is a process of developing human potential that values heterogeneity as a consequence of diversity based on the principle of equality, mutual respect, and mutual acceptance and understanding of the moral commitment to bring about social justice. But in fact, social studies learning has not been applied as a medium of multicultural education.Therefore, through the implementation of curriculum 2013 Social studies subjects as a medium to strengthen multicultural education.This is because the implementation of the 2013 curriculum is oriented towards the formation and development of learners' character in diversity.
An Estimation of Variances and Factors in Mathematics Attainment in Upper-Primary Schools
Authors: Kaluge Laurens
Published: January 2018

This study aimed at identifying variances related to school and pupil levels, and the performance indicators measuring the learning progress in mathematics. A longitudinal design was carried out and the stratified random sampling was used to obtain a sample of 5118 pupils from 60 primary schools. In each school three upper grades were selected, including their 180 class teachers and 60 headteachers. The data collection was carried out through questionnaires and school archives. Using multilevel analysis, the results showed that the proportion of total variance in pupil attainment for mathematics at the school level ranged from 20 to 29 per cent. When intake characteristics were taken into account as the baseline, the variance proportions were less than the prior attainments. Occupation and education of parents, besides reading facilities at home were significant explanatory variables for children progress in mathematics achievement. The outcomes have important consequences for school effectiveness research in determining the baseline and performance indicators.
Students’ acceptance of song lyrics containing national characters
Authors: Dwija Iswara Prana , Gunara Sandie , Julia
Published: January 2018

This paper aims at analyzing the acceptance of elementary school students of song lyrics containing national characters. The study was employed using research and development method, and this paper is the result of the interview related to the learning of nine song lyrics containing national characters. The results showed that all students had no difficulty in learning the vocabulary in the lyrics. However, the students were generally passive when asked about the meaning of the lyrics, hence the ability of students in singing the songs does not represent their understanding of the content of the lyrics. The implication of this research is that students always love songs and can sing songs, but it does not guarantee that students really understand the contents of the song.
The Dynamics of Social Capital in Global Era of Rural Communities (Case Study Poor People in Nagari Rambatan, Tanah Datar District)
Authors: Marleni  , Adiyalmon  , Elvawati
Published: January 2018

This article is based on the change of social capital in society triggered by globalization. According to Soetomo (2012) social resources (social capital) is a medium that enables development to take place successfully because of cultural elements have traditional legitimacy that symbolically the most valuable communication model, and have a number of functions then make it a means for change. Based on that, the article will explore about the dynamics of social capital with a case study in Rambatan Sub-District, Tanah Datar District, where is Nagari Rambatan as sample. Data collection using mixed methods, there are quantitative (questionnaire) and qualitative (interview). The results of research indicate the shifting of social capital in the society in Nagari Rambatan seen from the level of participation in social organization, the leaders, nagari institutions, relatives and neighbors as well as social relationships with relatives or neighbors, and also the level of dependence in economy.
Self-Regulated Learning in Designing Explorative Learning Tools Among Mathematics Pre-service Teachers through Explorative Module
Authors: Vivi Yandari Indhira Asih , Nindiasari Hepsi , Khaerunnisa Etika , Pamungkas Aan Subhan , Karso  , Nurjanah
Published: January 2018

This study is back grounded by the importance of self- regulated learning in mathematics pre-service teachers. By possessing self-regulated, students will be able to evaluate learning process, set learning target, arrange the strategy in learning to achieve the goal, search relevant supporting materials for the lectures and show self efficacy. One task which play a role to make students successful to become professional teacher is by creating explorative learning tools. The development of this explorative tools very support learning activity process in class. This study aims to see to what extent self-regulated learning among students in developing explorative learning tools. The method of study is experimental quasi by treatment which is initiated with explorative learning and then explorative module learning is given to one class. The subjects in this study are students of mathematics department with total of 21 students, consist of 4 males and 17 females. Quantitative analysis was performed using the average difference test. The result of study shows that the average of students’ self-regulated learning after treatment is in good category and there is significant difference in self regulated learning before and after treatment. It can be concluded that these treatment give good contribution to develop students’ self-regulated learning.
The Use of Decorative Styles of Woven Songket as a Source of Learning in the Course Textile Design and Decoration
Authors: Made Budhyani I Dewa Ayu
Published: January 2018

The use of learning sources in the learning process greatly contributes to the achievement of its goal. The use of learning sources greatly affects the teaching and learning process. It is necessary to use different learning sources when creating a textile design in order to produce a quality product. The decorative style of woven songket can be used as one of the learning sources. The different decorative types of the woven songket contain aesthetic values. The decorative type of woven songket is a product of the crafter’s feeling, creativity, and intention inspired by the environment. The natural objects such as plants, animals, human beings, and geometric elements are stylized into the decorative forms. The decorative style used on the woven songket can be used as the learning source in order to create the decorative style in the course Textile Design and Decoration. There are several aesthetic elements which inspire where the decorative style is placed; they are composition, rhythm, balance, the harmonious layout of the decorative style, and the variation of the decorative style on the textile design. In general, the composition of the placement of the main object of the decorative style is more dominant on the piece of fabric. Rhythm and how the decorative style is composed are shown through the composition of the decorative motive forms such as how big and small they are, how high and low they are and how long and short they are. The ways in which the decorative motives and colors are entirely shown contribute to the harmony and placement of decorative style. The symmetric balance is used to create balance and avoid the impression of being biased. The placement of what the motives contain and how they are composed are used to determine the variation of the decorative style used. The placement of objects and the marginal decoration of the fabric also determine the variation used.
The Prototype Development of Creative Thinking Skills Model’s Book
Authors: Agustiana I Gusti Ayu Tri , Agustini Rudiana , Ibrahim Muslimin
Published: January 2018

Model of book is an important part of the research process in developing creative thinking skills. Considering the importance of creative thinking skills, it is necessary to attempt developing such skills in the learning process by applying an appropriate and effective model. This research will develop the components of learning model that includes theoretical rationale, syntax, social systems, reaction principle, support systems, and the impact instructional companion. Learning model of science is developed with syntax orientation, excavation creative ideas, research, elaboration, presenting the results of the work, evaluation, and implementation (OPPEMEI) with indicators of creative thinking skills fluency, flexibility, originality, elaboration and evaluation. To achieve the goals, it should need a couple of steps, namely (1) analyzing and providing a rational basis to support the development of learning model for creative thinking skills. (2) analyzing and constructing the theories that support the development of the model. Some synthesis theories for reviews are a constructivism theory, creative thinking theories, a motivation theory, a theory of Vygotsky (the theory of socio-cultural) and cognitive theory, (3) Analyzing the flow of thought decrease hypothetical OPPEMEI Model, (4) providing guidelines for the implementation of learning using OPPEMEI learning model, (5) conducting Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and (6) Revisions. Validity is assessed by expert judges in terms of content validity and construct validity. The construct validity includes the logic of stage model (syntax) and the support of relevant theory at each stage. Validation of the content reflects the state of the art or the strength of the device and the content materials are assessed based on the conformity with the applicable curriculum. The learning model is stated valid, if the expert judges and practical say that the model is developed based on strong and latest theoretical rationale and there is consistency between the components.
Design, Synthesis, and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Etodolac-1,3,4-oxadiazole-1,2,3-triazole Molecules
Authors: Kummari Bhaskar , Ramesh Perla , Polkam Naveen , Malthum Shankaraiah , Vishnuvardhan M. , Anireddy Jaya
Published: January 2018

A new series of etodolac-1,3,4-oxadiazole-1,2,3-triazole derivatives was designed and synthesized from commercially available starting materials by employing a simple synthetic sequence. The in vitro evaluation of the synthesized analogues displayed promising cytotoxic activity. Among the tested compounds 7c, 7l, and 7n exhibited highest cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 (breast), A549 (lung), and DU-145 (prostate) human cancer cell lines.
Sexual Dysfunction in Unmedicated Patients with Schizophrenia and in Healthy Controls
Authors: Dembler-Stamm Theresa , Fiebig Jana , Heinz Andreas , Gallinat Jürgen
Published: January 2018

Introduction Sexual dysfunction figures prominently in patients with schizophrenia; however, medication effects may play a role. The objective of this case control study was to assess differences in the presence of sexual dysfunction in unmedicated patients with schizophrenia versus healthy controls.

Methods Sexual dysfunction was assessed using the Derogatis Inventory for Sexual Function self-rating in a cross-sectional design controlling for age and gender effects. A brief sexual anamnesis was applied to describe the psychosocial background of the mostly male sample further.

Results Results show a significant difference with patients reporting more problems in most domains and with a significant correlation between severity of psychosis (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total scores) and the impairment of orgasm experience. The study revealed reduced sexual activities and less pleasure during sexual activities of patients.

Discussion This study implies that schizophrenia has an impact on the presence of sexual dysfunction and that sexual dysfunction is partly independent of antipsychotic treatment. Since the sample consisted mostly of first-episode males, conclusions might only be valid for this subgroup.
Angular dependence of coercivity derived from alignment dependence of coercivity in Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets
Authors: Matsuura Yutaka , Nakamura Tetsuya , Sumitani Kazushi , Kajiwara Kentaro , Tamura Ryuji , Osamura Kozo
Published: January 2018

Experimental results of the alignment dependence of the coercivity in Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets showed that the angle of magnetization reversal for anisotropically aligned magnets was bigger than that obtained from the theoretical results calculated using the postulation that every grain independently reverses its magnetization direction following the 1/cos θ law. The angles of reversed magnetization (θ1) for Nd13.48Co0.55B5.76Febal. with alignment α=0.95 and for Nd12.75Dy0.84B5.81Co0.55Febal. with α=0.96 were 30° and 36°, respectively, which were very similar to that of an ideal magnet with a Gaussian distribution (σ=31° and 44°, respectively) of the grain alignment. In this model, we postulated that every grain independently reversed according to the 1/cos θ law. The calculation results for the angular dependence of the coercivity using the values θ1=ω1(0°)=30°, σ=31° and θ1=ω1(0°)=36°, σ=44° could qualitatively and convincingly explain the observed angular dependence of the coercivity of Nd14.2B6.2Co1.0Febal. and Nd14.2Dy0.3B6.2Co1.0Febal.. It is speculated that the magnetic domain wall is pinned at grains tilted away from the easy magnetization direction, and when the magnetic domain wall de-pins from the tilted grains, the magnetic domain wall jumps through several grains. We suggest that the coercive force of the aligned magnet behaves like a low-aligned magnet owing to the magnetization reversal of the crust of the grains induced by the pinning and subsequent jumping of the magnetic domain wall.
Deep learning to predict the generation of a wind farm
Authors: Torres J. M. , Aguilar R. M. , Zuñiga-Meneses K. V.
Published: January 2018

One of today's greatest technological challenges is adding renewable energies to an electric grid, with the goal being to achieve sustainable and environmentally friendly electricity generation that is also affordable. In order for the incorporation of renewables to be successful, however, predictive tools are required which can be used to determine sufficiently far in advance how much renewable energy will be available to be injected into the grid so that the remaining generation sources, including those based on fossil fuels, can be adjusted in order to fill the demand. This would limit the environmental impact and the dependence on this type of fuel in a foreseeable shortfall scenario. This paper seeks to advance in the creation of these predictive generation models for wind farms using deep learning. We present a predictive model based on a deep, multi-layered neural network that based on a forecast for atmospheric conditions is capable of estimating the generation produced by a wind farm 24 h in advance. These models were trained and validated with data from a wind farm located on the island of Tenerife and show that the best of these predictors is more precise than the reference estimator and the prediction model currently used at the farm. We also note that the problem does not require models based on truly deep neural networks. However, the workflow for correctly developing, training, validating, and tuning these models is greatly enhanced by the advantages that deep learning techniques and tools can offer.
Detailed simulations of fast pyrolysis of biomass in a fluidized bed reactor
Authors: Peng Jing , Eri Qitai , Zhao Xinjun
Published: January 2018

In the present work, an Eulerian-Eulerian computational fluid dynamics model with an advanced kinetic scheme is used to simulate the fast pyrolysis of biomass in a fluidized bed reactor. The focus of this work is to investigate the influence of pyrolysis temperature and biomass components on the fast pyrolysis of biomass. Initially, the simulations were carried out to validate the model. The results showed that the model could make a good prediction about the fast pyrolysis of biomass. Further simulations were conducted to investigate the fast pyrolysis at different temperatures. The results indicated that the pyrolysis temperature considerably influenced the product yields and reaction rates of fast pyrolysis reactions of biomass and bio-oil compositions. In addition, the ability of different components of biomass to produce pyrolysis products was also studied. The results showed that cellulose had the strongest ability to produce bio-oil, while lignin had the strongest ability to produce char. The energy recovery coefficient of bio-oil obtained at different pyrolysis temperatures was also calculated and analyzed in this paper.
Efficient spin-current injection in single-molecule magnet junctions
Authors: Xie Haiqing , Xu Fuming , Jiao Hujun , Wang Qiang , Liang J.-Q.
Published: January 2018

We study theoretically spin transport through a single-molecule magnet (SMM) in the sequential and cotunneling regimes, where the SMM is weakly coupled to one ferromagnetic and one normal-metallic leads. By a master-equation approach, it is found that the spin polarization injected from the ferromagnetic lead is amplified and highly polarized spin-current can be generated, due to the exchange coupling between the transport electron and the anisotropic spin of the SMM. Moreover, the spin-current polarization can be tuned by the gate or bias voltage, and thus an efficient spin injection device based on the SMM is proposed in molecular spintronics.
Spectroscopic diagnosis of gas temperature in blown-out plasma of atmospheric-pressure microwave oxygen plasma torch
Authors: Li Shou-Zhe , Li Zhen-Ye , Wu Yue , Zhang Jialiang
Published: January 2018

The gas temperature of atmospheric-pressure microwave oxygen plasma torch in a blown-out plasma is diagnosed by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) via the atmospheric band O2(b1Σg+ →X3Σg−). The variations of gas temperature with respect to input power and gas flow rate are investigated, as well as the spatial distribution of gas temperature along the blown-out plasma. And the limitation of OES diagnosis in the experiment is discussed extensively. Moreover, the morphology of plasma torch is also inspected at various gas flow rates and values of microwave power.
Longitudinal magnetization dynamics in Heisenberg magnets: Spin Green functions approach (Review Article)
Authors: Krivoruchko V. N.
Published: January 2018

In spite of the fact that dynamical properties of magnets have been extensively studied over the past years, the longitudinal magnetization dynamics is still much less understood than transverse one even in the equilibrium state of a system. In this paper, we give a review of existing, based on quantum-mechanical approach, theoretical descriptions of the longitudinal magnetization dynamics for ferro-, ferri- and antiferromagnetic dielectrics. The aim is to reveal specific features of this type of magnetization vibrations under description a system within the framework of one of the basic model theory of magnetism—the Heisenberg model. Related experimental investigations as well as open questions are also briefly discussed. We hope that understanding of the longitudinal magnetization dynamics distinctive features in the equilibrium state have to be a reference point for a theory uncovering the physical mechanisms that govern ultrafast spin dynamics after femtosecond laser pulse demagnetization when a system is far beyond an equilibrium state.
Reentrant low-temperature phase transition in an “orbital nematic”
Authors: Kolodyazhnaya M. P. , Zhekov K. R. , Bilych I. V. , Zvyagina G. A. , Zvyagin A. A.
Published: January 2018

The influence of an external magnetic field on the Jahn–Teller phase transition at Tc ≈ 14 K was studied in a KDy(MoO4)2 single crystal. At temperatures below Tc a significant change in the velocity and attenuation of the acoustic modes of the crystal was observed for the magnetic field oriented along the [110] direction. This behavior of the elastic characteristics occurs due to the destruction of the antiferrodistortive ordering, which is, in turn, coupled with the ordering of the quadrupole orbital moments, characteristic for an “orbital nematic.” The low-temperature region of the H–T phase diagram for this direction of the field was reconstructed. It was found that the magnetic field dependence of the critical temperature is nonmonotonic, i.e., the phase transition has the reentrant character. Theoretical description of the observed anomalies of the temperature and magnetic field behavior of the acoustic characteristics was given.
The magnetic state of the weakly anion-excess manganite LaMnO3+δ
Authors: Pashchenko V. A. , Galetich I. K. , Sirenko V. A. , Eremenko V. V. , Eremenko A. V. , Brook V. V.
Published: January 2018

This paper deals with the magnetic state of the weakly anion-excess lanthanum manganite LaMnO3+δ (δ ≈ 0.0375). The temperature and field dependences of the magnetic moment of single crystal samples are studied in detail for temperatures of 2–350 K in different fields up to 5 T along the c-axis. The field dependence of the observed singular temperature points, such as those for magnetic ordering, magnetic vitrification, and magnetic phase separation, is recovered. The magnetic field behavior of several of the singular points is found to be interrelated. These results are fully consistent with models of magnetic phase separation that predict the formation of self-localized states such as nanoscale ferromagnetic droplets in a bulk antiferromagnetic matrix.
EPR studies of the triangular-lattice antiferromagnet Cs2CuBr4
Authors: Schulze E. , Ponomaryov A. N. , Wosnitza J. , Tanaka H. , Zvyagin S. A.
Published: January 2018

The spin dynamics of the spin-1/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnet Cs2CuBr4 is probed by means of high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Temperature dependences of EPR parameters are studied in a broad temperature range between 1.4 and 200 K for different orientations of the applied magnetic field. In the high-temperature regime (T ≫ J/kB), an unusually broad and anisotropic resonance line is detected, suggesting a sizeable Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction. Employing the theory of exchange narrowing, the ratio of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya vector components, Dc/Da ≈ 0.3, is estimated.
Electron and phonon states localized near the graphene boundary
Authors: Eremenko V. V. , Sirenko V. A. , Gospodarev I. A. , Syrkin E. S. , Feodosyev S. B. , Bondar I. S. , Feher A. , Minakova K. A.
Published: January 2018

We perform analytical and numerical analysis of the electronic and phonon spectrum evolution of graphene during formation of a boundary with a “zigzag” chirality. It is determined, that the excited gap wave has a relativistic dispersion near the Fermi level that propagates along the boundary and decays with distance from it. Both properties and formation of the wave is considered. It is shown that the wave propagation occurs only along the atoms of the sub-lattice, which contains atoms with bonds broken during the boundary formation. The gap wave forms narrow resonance peaks in the local density of states of the sublattice atoms. It is shown, that the boundary formation on a graphene layer with this chirality similarly affects the phonon modes polarized normal to the layer, forming narrow maxima with frequencies nearing that of the quasiflexural phonons with the quasiwave vector at the K-point of the first Brillouin zone. This way, the formation of the “zigzag”-boundary increases both the number of charge carriers as well as the number of phonons with a large group velocity that can cause a large contribution to the electron-phonon interactions.
Phenomenological description of a spin chain system with geometrical frustration of couplings
Authors: Zvyagin A. A.
Published: January 2018

The phenomenological model, using which we can in a relatively simple way calculate many magnetic, thermodynamic and dynamic characteristics of the spin chain material with the geometrical frustration of spin-spin couplings is proposed. The results of theoretical calculations well reproduce observed details of the low-temperature behavior of the magnetization, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, magneto-acoustic characteristics, and some dynamical properties. In particular, the model permits to explain the double peak structure of the temperature dependencies of the magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, and the renormalization of the sound velocity, and can explain several features of the ESR frequency-field diagram.
Strain, stress, and mechanical relaxation in fin-patterned Si/SiGe multilayers for sub-7 nm nanosheet gate-all-around device technology
Authors: Reboh S. , Coquand R. , Barraud S. , Loubet N. , Bernier N. , Audoit G. , Rouviere J.-L. , Augendre E. , Li J. , Gaudiello J. , Gambacorti N. , Yamashita T. , Faynot O.
Published: January 2018

Pre-strained fin-patterned Si/SiGe multilayer structures for sub-7 nm stacked gate-all-around Si-technology transistors that have been grown onto bulk-Si, virtually relaxed SiGe, strained Silicon-On-Insulator, and compressive SiGe-On-Insulator were investigated. From strain maps with a nanometer spatial resolution obtained by transmission electron microscopy, we developed 3D quantitative numerical models describing the mechanics of the structures. While elastic interactions describe every other system reported here, the patterning on the compressive SiGe-On-Insulator substrate that is fabricated by Ge-condensation results in relaxation along the semiconductor/insulator interface, revealing a latent plasticity mechanism. As a consequence, Si layers with a uniaxial stress of 1.4 GPa are obtained, bringing fresh perspectives for strain engineering in advanced devices. These findings could be extended to other semiconductor technologies.
Spectroscopy of Ba+ ions in liquid 4He
Authors: Batulin R. , Moroshkin P. , Tayurskii D. A. , Kono K.
Published: January 2018

Atomic ions and free electrons embedded in condensed helium play important role in modern research on quantum fluids and solids. Here we present experimental and theoretical study of Ba+ cations immersed in superfluid He. We observe laser-induced fluorescence of Ba+ injected into liquid He from the plasma of radio frequency discharge in He-Ba gas mixture. The structure of trapping site is studied theoretically in the frame of the atomic bubble model making use of ab initio Ba+ - He pair potentials available in the literature. Calculated spectra of the ion are compared with the results of the experiment.
Magnetic nanofluid flow and convective heat transfer in a porous cavity considering Brownian motion effects
Authors: Sheikholeslami M. , Rokni Houman B.
Published: January 2018

In the present article, the improvement of nanofluid heat transfer inside a porous cavity by means of a non-equilibrium model in the existence of Lorentz forces has been investigated by employing control volume based finite element method. Nanofluid properties are estimated by means of Koo-Kleinstreuer-Li. The Darcy-Boussinesq approximation is utilized for the nanofluid flow. Roles of the solid-nanofluid interface heat transfer parameter Nhs, Hartmann number Ha, porosity ε, and Rayleigh number Ra were presented. Outputs demonstrate that the convective flow decreases with the rise of Nhs, but it enhances with the rise of Ra. Porosity has opposite relationship with the temperature gradient.
Carbon dioxide coronary angiography: A mechanical feasibility study with a cardiovascular simulator
Authors: Corazza Ivan , Taglieri Nevio , Pirazzini Edoardo , Rossi Pier Luca , Lombi Alessandro , Scalise Filippo , Caridi James G. , Zannoli Romano
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to carry out a bench evaluation of the biomechanical feasibility of carbon dioxide (CO2) coronary arteriography. Many patients among the aging population of individuals requiring cardiac intervention have underlying renal insufficiency making them susceptible to contrast-induced nephropathy. To include those patients, it is imperative to find an alternative and safe technique to perform coronary imaging on cardiac ischemic patients. As CO2 angiography has no renal toxicity, it may be a possible solution offering good imaging with negligible collateral effects. Theoretically, by carefully controlling the gas injection process, new automatic injectors may avoid gas reflux into the aorta and possible cerebral damage. A feasibility study is mandatory. A mechanical mock of the coronary circulation was developed and employed. CO2 was injected into the coronary ostium with 2 catheters (2F and 6F) and optical images of bubbles flowing inside the vessels at different injection pressures were recorded. The gas behavior was then carefully studied for quantitative and qualitative analysis. Video recordings showed that CO2 injection at a precise pressure in the interval between the arterial dicrotic notch and the minimum diastolic value does not result in gas reflow into the aorta. Gas reflow was easier to control with the smaller catheter, but the gas bubbles were smaller with different vascular filling. Our simulation demonstrates that carefully selected injection parameters allow CO2 coronary imaging without any risk of gas reflux into the aorta.
Insights on synergy of materials and structures in biomimetic platelet-matrix composites
Authors: Sakhavand Navid , Shahsavari Rouzbeh
Published: January 2018

Hybrid materials such as biomimetic platelet-matrix composites are in high demand to confer low weight and multifunctional mechanical properties. This letter reports interfacial-bond regulated assembly of polymers on cement-an archetype model with significant infrastructure applications. We demonstrate a series of 20+ molecular dynamics studies on decoding and optimizing the complex interfacial interactions including the role and types of various heterogeneous, competing interfacial bonds that are key to adhesion and interfacial strength. Our results show an existence of an optimum overlap length scale (∼15 nm) between polymers and cement crystals, exhibiting the best balance of strength, toughness, stiffness, and ductility for the composite. This finding, combined with the fundamental insights into the nature of interfacial bonds, provides key hypotheses for selection and processing of constituents to deliberate the best synergy in the structure and materials of platelet-matrix composites.
Tutorial: Integrated-photonic switching structures
Authors: Soref Richard
Published: January 2018

Recent developments in waveguided 2 × 2 and N × M photonic switches are reviewed, including both broadband and narrowband resonant devices for the Si, InP, and AlN platforms. Practical actuation of switches by electro-optical and thermo-optical techniques is discussed. Present datacom-and-computing applications are reviewed, and potential applications are proposed for chip-scale photonic and optoelectronic integrated switching networks. Potential is found in the reconfigurable, programmable “mesh” switches that enable a promising group of applications in new areas beyond those in data centers and cloud servers. Many important matrix switches use gated semiconductor optical amplifiers. The family of broadband, directional-coupler 2 × 2 switches featuring two or three side-coupled waveguides deserves future experimentation, including devices that employ phase-change materials. The newer 2 × 2 resonant switches include standing-wave resonators, different from the micro-ring traveling-wave resonators. The resonant devices comprise nanobeam interferometers, complex-Bragg interferometers, and asymmetric contra-directional couplers. Although the fast, resonant devices offer ultralow switching energy, ∼1 fJ/bit, they have limitations. They require several trade-offs when deployed, but they do have practical application.
Thermal modal analysis of novel non-pneumatic mechanical elastic wheel based on FEM and EMA
Authors: Zhao Youqun , Zhu Mingmin , Lin Fen , Xiao Zhen , Li Haiqing , Deng Yaoji
Published: January 2018

A combination of Finite Element Method (FEM) and Experiment Modal Analysis (EMA) have been employed here to characterize the structural dynamic response of mechanical elastic wheel (ME-Wheel) operating under a specific thermal environment. The influence of high thermal condition on the structural dynamic response of ME-Wheel is investigated. The obtained results indicate that the EMA results are in accordance with those obtained using the proposed Finite Element (FE) model, indicting the high reliability of this FE model applied in analyzing the modal of ME-Wheel working under practical thermal environment. It demonstrates that the structural dynamic response of ME-Wheel operating under a specific thermal condition can be predicted and evaluated using the proposed analysis method, which is beneficial for the dynamic optimization design of the wheel structure to avoid tire temperature related vibration failure and improve safety of tire.
A bispectral q-hypergeometric basis for a class of quantum integrable models
Authors: Baseilhac Pascal , Martin Xavier
Published: January 2018

For the class of quantum integrable models generated from the q−Onsager algebra, a basis of bispectral multivariable q−orthogonal polynomials is exhibited. In the first part, it is shown that the multivariable Askey-Wilson polynomials with N variables and N + 3 parameters introduced by Gasper and Rahman [Dev. Math. 13, 209 (2005)] generate a family of infinite dimensional modules for the q−Onsager algebra, whose fundamental generators are realized in terms of the multivariable q−difference and difference operators proposed by Iliev [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 363, 1577 (2011)]. Raising and lowering operators extending those of Sahi [SIGMA 3, 002 (2007)] are also constructed. In the second part, finite dimensional modules are constructed and studied for a certain class of parameters and if the N variables belong to a discrete support. In this case, the bispectral property finds a natural interpretation within the framework of tridiagonal pairs. In the third part, eigenfunctions of the q−Dolan-Grady hierarchy are considered in the polynomial basis. In particular, invariant subspaces are identified for certain conditions generalizing Nepomechie’s relations. In the fourth part, the analysis is extended to the special case q = 1. This framework provides a q−hypergeometric formulation of quantum integrable models such as the open XXZ spin chain with generic integrable boundary conditions (q ≠ 1).
A Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor for the Rapid Detection of Tetracycline Based on Ordered Mesoporous Carbon–Fe3O4
Authors: Zhan Xuejia , Hu Guangzhi , Wagberg Thomas , Zhang Dongwei , Zhou Pei
Published: January 2018

A novel aptasensor based on a tetracycline (TET) aptamer immobilized by physical adsorption on an ordered mesoporous carbon–Fe3O4 (OMC-Fe3O4)-modified screen-printed electrode surface was successfully fabricated. OMC-Fe3O4 was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The modification procedure of the aptasensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry. Interaction between the TET aptamer and target was determined by differential pulse voltammetry. Under optimal conditions, the proposed aptasensor exhibited good electrochemical sensitivity to TET in a concentration range of 5 nM to 10 μM, with a detection limit of 0.8 nM (S/N = 3). This aptasensor exhibited satisfactory specificity, reproducibility, and stability.
S-nitrosocysteine-responsive genes modulate diverse regulatory pathways in Oryza sativa: a transcriptome profiling study
Authors: Mun Bong-Gyu , Lee Sang-Uk , Hussain Adil , Kim Hyun-Ho , Rolly Nkulu Kabange , Jung Ki-Hong , Yun Byung-Wook
Published: January 2018

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major food crop and also a well-established genetic model. Nitric oxide (NO) and its derivatives are important signalling molecules that actively participate in various signalling pathways in response to different stresses. In this study, we performed RNA-seq mediated transcriptomic analysis of rice after treatment with the nitric oxide donor, S-nitroso-L-cysteine (CySNO), generating an average of 37.5 and 41.5 million reads from control and treated leaf samples respectively. More than 95% of the reads were successfully mapped to the O. sativa reference genome yielding a total of 33 539 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, P < 0.05). Further analyses identified 825 genes with at least 2-fold change in the expression following treatment with CySNO (P < 0.01). The DEGs identified were involved in diverse molecular functions such as catalytic activity, binding, transport, and receptor activity and were mostly located in the membrane, organelles such as nucleus, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria. DEGs also contained several genes that regulate responses to abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, cold and salt stress and biotic stresses. We also found significantly similar expression patterns of CySNO-responsive DEGs of rice with the CySNO-responsive DEGs of Arabidopsis in a previous study. Expression patterns of genes involved in key biological functions were verified using quantitative real time (qRT)-PCR. The findings of this study suggest that NO regulates the transcriptional control of genes involved in a wide variety of physiological functions in rice, and that NO-mediated transcriptional networks are highly conserved across the plant kingdom. This study provides useful information regarding the transcriptional response of plants to nitrosative stress.
Hippocampal expression of a virus-derived protein impairs memory in mice
Authors: Bétourné Alexandre , Szelechowski Marion , Thouard Anne , Abrial Erika , Jean Arnaud , Zaidi Falek , Foret Charlotte , Bonnaud Emilie M. , Charlier Caroline M. , Suberbielle Elsa , Malnou Cécile E. , Granon Sylvie , Rampon Claire , Gonzalez-Dunia Daniel
Published: January 2018

Significance

As obligate parasites, viruses have evolved strategies to hijack cellular pathways and persist in their host, sometimes without causing overt diseases. As such, they represent unique tools to decipher cellular functions and their consequences on host physiology. Here, we exploited the natural property of a virus-encoded protein known to act as a decoy substrate for protein kinase C (PKC), a pathway thought to play key roles in learning and memory processes. When selectively expressed in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of mice, this protein caused behavioral abnormalities, notably increased anxiety and impaired memory, mostly by interfering with PKC-dependent phosphorylation. Our findings provide further insight into the role of the PKC pathway in controlling cognitive functions.
Landau–Ginzburg theory of cortex dynamics: Scale-free avalanches emerge at the edge of synchronization
Authors: di Santo Serena , Villegas Pablo , Burioni Raffaella , Muñoz Miguel A.
Published: January 2018

Significance

The human cortex operates in a state of restless activity, the meaning and functionality of which are still not understood. A fascinating, though controversial, hypothesis, partially backed by empirical evidence, suggests that the cortex might work at the edge of a phase transition, from which important functional advantages stem. However, the nature of such a transition remains elusive. Here, we adopt ideas from the physics of phase transitions to construct a general (Landau–Ginzburg) theory of cortical networks, allowing us to analyze their possible collective phases and phase transitions. We conclude that the empirically reported scale-invariant avalanches can possibly come about if the cortex operated at the edge of a synchronization phase transition, at which neuronal avalanches and incipient oscillations coexist.