bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing pupils and teacher’s reflections on iRead tablet-based literacy
games in a German elementary school
Authors: Knorr Nancy , Berkling Kay
Published: December 2020

iRead is an EU Project involving literacy games in Spanish, German,
Greek, and English for L1 and L2 acquisition. Content is selected
dynamically from a large database using linguistic rules based on the player
profile. The teacher can view pupils’ progress based on automated game
sequences or assign games manually. This project strives to understand how
teaching with new technology is incorporated into the classroom. The authors
interviewed both teachers and children about their points of view and
compared their answers at the end of the project. Results indicate that
pupils had a much deeper understanding of their learning than was apparent
from the teachers’ point of view.
Learning to adapt, adapting to learn: redefining online EFL teachers’
roles
Authors: Michalopoulou Theologia
Published: December 2020

The paper investigates Greek online students’ and instructors’ beliefs
on the role that online English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers play in
synchronous online courses delivered through Skype. Fifty-six online
teachers and 93 online adult learners participated in a quantitative
research project answering two different online questionnaires. The results
showed that most online teachers and learners are satisfied with their
technological expertise. Students’ levels of satisfaction with online
courses is greater than teachers’, while there is significant association
between teachers’ technology familiarization and their satisfaction with
online instruction. Teachers’ technological expertise is strongly associated
with their opinion on the effectiveness of online language courses. Finally,
both groups agree that it is primarily the teachers’ responsibility to be
familiarized with technology to support online education.
The impact of using AI and VR with blended learning on English as a
foreign language teaching
Authors: Obari Hiroyuki , Lambacher Steve , Kikuchi Hisayo
Published: December 2020

This study focuses on the use of emerging technologies such as
Artificial Intelligence (AI) smart speakers and smartphone applications for
improving the English language skills of L1 Japanese undergraduates. An
empirical investigation was carried out with 82 Japanese students.
Participants were required to study a variety of online English programmes
using AI speakers over an eight-month period. The results showed that
students using AI speakers outperformed on the Test of English for
International Communication (TOEIC) a group of non-AI users, who instead
exclusively used online materials. This research suggests integrating
blended learning, including AI and Virtual Reality (VR), may be an effective
way to improve the English proficiency of native Japanese.
Teaching and social presence in online foreign language teaching
Authors: Puranen Pasi , Vurdien Ruby
Published: December 2020

This paper examines and reports on ways of promoting teaching presence
in foreign language online learning environments in Finland and Spain.
‘Teaching presence’ refers to all the tools and resources teachers use
during online courses to deliver teaching, guidance and feedback, or
situations in which they are present for their students. A qualitative
approach was adopted, and data were collated from questionnaires completed
by 34 teachers and 16 students involved in different online language courses
at different educational levels. The aim was to examine (1) the extent to
which students’ views on feedback and teaching presence in online courses
differ from those of teachers, and (2) the impact teaching presence has on
student engagement and behaviour in online courses. Based on the polling
data, both teachers and students find student engagement to be significant
in fostering learning in an online environment. Students tend to be
generally satisfied with teacher feedback.
Fostering learning with the EcoLexicon corpus in the ESP
classroom
Authors: Rudneva Maria
Published: December 2020

This pilot study provides a preliminary account on students’ attitudes
toward using specialized corpora in English for specific purposes (ESP)
classes. Learners (N=39) were introduced to the EcoLexicon corpus and
trained to use its basic query tools. The rationale behind this activity was
to introduce learners to contextualization patterns and genre-specific
features of the professional target language, which in its turn would ensure
acceptability and appropriateness of their linguistic choices. The learners
were offered a series of guided and independent tasks on terminology
disambiguation and corpus-assisted speech production. At the end of the
semester a survey was administered to the students to assess their
perception of hands-on corpus experience. Descriptive statistics show
preliminary evidence that corpus tools provide illuminating data, foster
understanding of nuances within synonymous groups of words, and increase
overall language awareness. However, hands-on Data Driven Learning (DDL)
experience presented a few challenges which, however, may be remedied by
careful design of teaching materials and assignments.
Exploring the nature of cultural communication between learners in a
multicultural MOOC
Authors: Shahini Rana , Davis Hugh C. , Borthwick Kate , Baker Will
Published: December 2020

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) attract worldwide learners from
diverse backgrounds and cultures. When learners communicate directly in this
multicultural space, there is potential for new cultural practices to be
articulated or transcended into a new form of knowledge that blurs cultural
boundaries. Our research is attempting to identify methods of facilitating
such behaviour in MOOCs. This paper presents a case study to investigate
existing cultural communicative practices between MOOC learners through
their online discussions. Learners’ comments were coded and analysed against
the practice-oriented Intercultural Communication Awareness (ICA) model.
Results show that a very limited number of interactions had elements of
transcultural awareness and that the interaction and peer communication
decreased as the course proceeded. These observations suggest that a
collaborative pedagogical approach may interconnect learners well in the
MOOC community.
Polish-Italian virtual exchange. Learners as teachers of their native languages
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Pieczka Anna
Published: December 2020

The article presents the benefits of virtual exchanges/telecollaboration in higher education. Telecollaboration is a form of virtual mobility which can complement or substitute physical mobility. Taking part in virtual exchanges brings benefits which are in line with the recent European recommendations on education. Importantly, telecollaboration requires lower financial outlays and less time comparing to participation in physical exchanges. Thus, its implementation allows the development of various competences (linguistic, digital, intercultural, etc.) despite students’ economic and personal situation. The second part of the study presents a Polish-Italian virtual exchange conducted in the 2018/2019 academic year between the Marie Curie-Skłodowska University and the University of Turin. During the exchange learners of Polish and learners of Italian played the role of their mother tongue teachers. The research aimed to determine whether such a structure of virtual exchange is possible to be successfully implemented among students at the bachelor level. Three factors were analysed during the project: the students’ choice of online tools, forms of presenting language content to partners, and acts of code switching. The data were collected from the students’ production in telecollaborative tasks. It was found that giving students the possibility to choose the language code autonomously did not affect the exchange negatively. However, the students were not sufficiently prepared to act as teachers. Despite being familiar with various online tools, they chose those not adapted to the digital environment, and they found the language issues too complex to be successfully explained to their exchange partners.
FARKLI KURUTMA YÖNTEMLERİ İLE ÜRETİLEN KARIŞIK SEBZE PESTİLİNİN KURUMA KARAKTERİSTİKLERİ, RENK DEĞİŞİM KİNETİĞİ, MİNERAL MADDE İÇERİĞİ VE TEKSTÜREL ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: ÖZKAN KARABACAK Azime , ÇOPUR Ömer
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sıcak hava (60, 70°C), vakum (60, 70°C’ de ve 150, 250 mbar mutlak basınç altında) ve mikrodalga (90, 180 W) kurutmanın, havuç ve kırmızı biber ile hazırlanan karışık sebze pestilinin kuruma karakteristikleri, renk değişim kinetiği, mineral madde içeriği ve tekstürel özellikleri üzerine etkisini araştırmaktır. Pestil örneklerinin kuruma karakteristiklerini ortaya koyan en uygun modeller Page ve Modifiye Page olarak belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin renk değişim kinetiklerini belirlemek için sıfırıncı ve birinci dereceden reaksiyon modelleri uygulanmıştır. L* renk değeri her iki kinetik modele de uyum sağlarken, a* değerinin renk değişim kinetiğini en iyi sıfırıncı dereceden reaksiyon modelinin ortaya koyduğu görülmektedir. b* değerini en iyi tanımlayan reaksiyon modeli uygulanan kurutma koşullarına göre değişiklik göstermiştir. Pestillerin mineral madde (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu) içeriği kurutulmamış karışımlarına kıyasla daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Pestil örneklerinin tekstürel özellikleri (sertlik, dış yapışkanlık, elastikiyet, sakızımsılık, çiğnenebilirlik) arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur.
Dimensional stability of lotus leaf-like nanostructure superhydrophobic bamboo by modification using xylan
Authors: Gao Xun , Su Ling , Jiang Guiquan , Pang Jiuyin , Lin Lin
Published: December 2020

Xylan extracted from corncobs was used to modify bamboo and to improve its dimensional stability. A lotus leaf-like surface was prepared on the modified bamboo using a fresh lotus leaf and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the template and seal via soft lithography. The dimensional stability of bamboo was tested via anti-shrinkage efficiency (ASE), moisture excluding efficiency (MEE), weight percent gain (WPG), and its superhydrophobic property. The microstructures of lotus-like bamboo surface were analyzed via water contact angle (WCA), scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The study found that with increasing mass fraction of xylan content, the anti-swelling property and WPG of modified bamboo increased accordingly. When the mass fraction of xylan was 10%, its WPG was the largest (2.21%), and xylan had a better compatibilization effect on bamboo. The dimensional stability of bamboo was improved to a certain extent by xylan. Moreover, the anisotropy and superhydrophobicity of the lotus leaf-like bamboo treated by xylan were noticeably improved after modification, such that the WCA of the transverse, radial, and tangential sections were 157.5º, 145.5º, and 137.5º, respectively. This research lays a foundation for studies of dimensional stability of bamboo and the mechanism of modification to achieve hydrophobic properties.
Effect of column foot tenon on behavior of larch column base joints based on concrete plinth
Authors: Han Xiaoli , Dai Jian , Qian Wei , Li Baolong , Jin Yuanjun , Jiang Ting
Published: December 2020

The wooden columns in timber structures of ancient buildings have column foot tenons of various sizes. The main reason for these differences is their use for different roof loads. Six full-scale specimens with different sizes of column foot tenon were designed and manufactured. The tree species used for the specimens was larch. The quasi-static test was conducted on the specimens that were used in timber structures of ancient buildings. The effects of column foot tenon size on the mechanical properties of larch wooden columns were studied. The moment-rotational angle hysteretic curves, moment-rotational angle skeleton curves, ductility, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation capacity, slippages between the wooden column and the plinth, and the damage of the column foot tenons were examined. The test results showed that the column foot tenon played an important role in the mechanical behavior of the wooden column under low-cycle reversed cyclic loading. The rotation of the column foot tenon improved the energy dissipation capacity of the wooden column. As the rotational angle of the column base increased, the column foot tenon had different degrees of damage. Different sizes of column foot tenon had their own advantages and hysteretic behavior.
The The Development Strategies for National Economies after the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fedirko Olha , Zatonatska Tetiana
Published: December 2020

What are the economy sectors will help countries overcome the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic? How countries should rezone their investment strategies to bolster recovery in main economy sectors? Using the Cobb-Douglas model, the importance of agriculture, energy, education, and ICT industries for GDP growth was proven. It was confirmed that agriculture and industry will be key sectors in the post-crisis period for Ukraine, Poland and Austria. During the time of economic uncertainty growth, ICT and e-commerce sectors are principal tools that will sustain the population’s well-being.
Getting Our Heads Above Water: Integrating Bird Conservation in Planning, Science, and Restoration for a More Resilient Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta
Authors: Dybala Kristen , Gardali Tom , Melcer Ron
Published: December 2020

The Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta is an important region for bird conservation in California, particularly as part of a large, productive estuary on the Pacific Flyway. The Delta currently provides habitat to an abundant, diverse community of birds, but it is likely only a small fraction of what the Delta’s bird community once was. Meeting the goal of restoring a healthy Delta ecosystem is legislatively required to include providing habitat for birds among the conservation goals and strategies in the Delta Plan, yet birds and their habitat needs are often not addressed in science syntheses, conservation planning, and large-scale restoration initiatives in the Delta. In this essay, the authors provide an avian perspective on the Delta, synthesizing recent scientific work to describe factors that contribute to the Delta’s current importance for birds, and the conservation needs of the diverse array of bird species that call the Delta home.
Open Classes and Participation in Decision-making in Class
Authors: Mithans Monika , Ivanuš Grmek Milena
Published: December 2020

The article focuses on the problem of students involved in the education process. The study comprised students aged between 10-11, 13-14 and 16-17. 322 students attend schools in Austria and 458 students in Slovenia. The data was collected with a questionnaire and processed on the level of descriptive and inferential statistics. We are determining that student participation has not fully developed yet in practice. The students who are attending schools in Austria are detecting more opportunities to participate in the decision making process than their peers in Slovenia. The majority of the students wish to participate. We also determined a statistically significant positive impact of open class on student participation. The students who see their classes as open, detect more opportunities to participate in the decision making process.
The role of goal orientations and use of digital media in classroom quality in final classes of elementary education
Authors: Jurčev Antonio , Topolovčan Tomislav , Maras Nevenka
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study was to examine the characteristics and predictor role of goal orientations in learning, schools' level of digital media equipment and the use of digital media in classroom (teaching) quality in lower secondary education (ISCED level 2). The study was conducted on seventh and eighth grade students (N=432) of elementary schools in the City of Zagreb and Split-Dalmatia County. Besides demographic characteristics of students and schools' level of digital media equipment, the data were collected by the Goal orientation questionnaire (CSRL), the Technology implementation questionnaire (TIQ), and Student perception of classroom quality (SPOCQ) questionnaire. It was concluded that, overall, demographic characteristics of students, their goal orientations, school s ' level of digital media equipment, and motivation for use of digital media are significant predictors of student perception of classroom quality, with the highest percentage of variance explained by goal orientations, with emphasis on learning orientation. In this regard, it is evident that for teaching quality in the digital age, goal orientation, i.e., motivation for learning, is most significant, rather than the use of digital media. Comparison with theoretical postulates and implications of these results are explained in this paper. Key words: classroom quality, digital media, elementary school, goal orientations, students
Analysis of Creative Skills in Various Secondary School Programs in Slovenia
Authors: Herzog Jerneja
Published: December 2020

There is a lack of research in the field of monitoring artistic creativity in secondary schools in Slovenia, so a study was conducted on the population of 81 pupils of different secondary school programs in Slovenia, aged 16 years, where we monitored artistic creative abilities. We analysed the achievements of pupils in terms of common artistic abilities, and also examined differences between groups of factors of artistic creativity, which encourage and enable artistic creativity, as well as in terms of differences in individual factors of artistic creativity. The analysis was aimed at identifying the differences between different secondary school programs. The results show that pupils in the art secondary school program generally lead the way. However, the pupils of the general secondary school program achieved better results in the factor of artistic originality. Such a result confirms that good results can be achieved in the field of the development of artistic creativity also in general secondary school programs with the appropriate art pedagogical work. Key words: artistic creativity, creativity, factors of artistic creativity, pupils
Exploring English writing teachers’ self-development through the use of online resources in constrained contexts
Authors: Zhang Xiaodong
Published: December 2020

This study reports on how English writing teachers empowered themselves to connect linguistic knowledge and online resources to develop students’ renewed understanding of writing beyond the structure level. Through qualitative analyses of one college English teacher’s reflections, his verbal interactions with students, as well as his  students’ written documents and interviews, the study shows that in the process of self-development, the teacher experienced a diverse array of challenges. Despite this, the teacher’s self-development through the use of online resources was facilitated by his incorporation of linguistic knowledge, which ultimately helped his students transcend their previous writing practices, and reproduce culturally and linguistically effective written discourses. The study concludes that teachers’ self-development to facilitate students’ written communication in constrained contexts is useful, and synergizing online resources and linguistic knowledge is important to overcome challenges encountered in the process of self-development
Mathematics textbook in the hands of the lower secondary students: how, when and why they use it. /Matematički udžbenik u rukama učenika viših razreda osnovne škole: kako, kada i zašto ga koriste.
Authors: Jukić Matić Ljerka , Glasnović Gracin Dubravka
Published: December 2020

Mathematics textbook influences students' achievements by providing opportunities to learn mathematics. How students use those opportunities has been studied sporadically. This research aims to investigate how students utilize the textbook for learning mathematics; what parts of the textbook they use, when and how. The data in the study were obtained using quantitative and qualitative methods, namely questionnaire, interviews, and student's diaries. Using the variety of methods enabled us triangulation of the obtained results. The students see the mathematics textbook as a vital and important part of their school life. They use it for learning even though their teachers do not follow the textbook blindly.  On a daily basis, the utilization of a textbook at home is connected with homework, and occasionally for exam preparation. Most students do not use other resources for self-regulated learning of mathematics. The results showed that the utilization of a textbook is also a social process involving students’ parents and siblings who provide additional help for learning. Therefore, the utilization of a textbook is very complex, with various constituents involved in the process of its use.Keywords: learning; socio-didactical tetrahedron; textbooks utilization Matematički udžbenik ima utjecaj na učenička postignuća, dajući različite  mogućnosti za učenje matematike. No istraživanja o tome kako učenici rabe te mogućnosti provođena su sporadično. Cilj ovog rada jest istražiti kako učenici rabe udžbenik za učenje matematike; koje dijelove udžbenika rabe, kada i kako. Podaci u studiji dobiveni su primjenom kvantitativnih i kvalitativnih metoda, naime koristili smo upitnik, intervju i dnevnike učenika. Uporaba raznih metoda omogućila nam je triangulaciju dobivenih rezultata. Učenici vide udžbenik matematike kao vitalan i važan dio njihovog školskog života. Rabe ga za učenje, iako se njihovi učitelji ne drže slijepo udžbenika. Na dnevnoj bazi korištenje udžbenika kod kuće je povezano s domaćom zadaćom, a povremeno za pripremu ispita. Većina učenika ne koristiti druge izvore za samostalno učenje matematike. Rezultati također pokazuju da korištenje udžbenika ima i socijalnu komponentu, u koju su uključeni roditelji, braća ili sestre koji pružaju dodatnu pomoć za učenje. Stoga možemo reći da je uporaba udžbenika vrlo složen proces, koji uključuje različite sudionike, ne samo učenike i učitelje.  Ključne riječi: korištenje udžbenika; socio-didaktički tetraedar; učenje
TEFL in the Digital Age: The Use of Computer-Assisted Language Learning
Authors: Krimer Gaborović Sanja , Ivanović Josip
Published: December 2020

In the modern world, which has undergone an extensive technological revolution,the plurality of digital devices and electronic contents available, as well as a massivedigitisation of information, knowledge and everyday communication have causedthe convergence of communication and computing technologies. On this view, thepaper aims at exploring how and why the digital resources can play a crucial rolein assuming the new perspectives of Teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL).Since the denial of the advent of new ways for knowledge transmission is a failingclassroom strategy in the long run, Information and Communications Technologies(ICT) should be embedded purposefully into the modern foreign languages classroom,with Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) being the new imperative of thegood TEFL practice. By providing rich learning environment, CALL can increase thedigital native students’ interest and motivation. In this regard, the paper elaborateson the types of CALL applications in the EFL classrooms.Key words: digital age; TEFL perspectives; Computer Assisted Language Learning(CALL)
Quiz-Enhanced Learning in Elementary School
Authors: Iskrenović-Momčilović Olivera
Published: December 2020

In modern teaching and new technological environment, a teacher should designactivities that will stimulate students to actively participate in the process ofacquiring knowledge. The use of quizzes in teaching creates a competitive spirit,develops creativity and accuracy in students, entrusts the activity and motivation ofstudents in the process of acquiring knowledge. This paper examines the effectivenessof the Kahoot quiz in teaching science in the learning of basic concepts of relief inelementary school. The analysis has shown that there is a statistically significantdifference in achievement among students who have studied in traditional waysand those who have used the Kahoot quiz. The obtained results are in a positivecorrelation with the mark in science and showing that there are no differencesin achievement between boys and girls. It can be concluded that the quiz as analternative way of learning has practical use in teaching, which enables cognitive,motivational, emotional and social development of students. Students experiencesolving the quiz as a game that positively influences the adoption and understandingof teaching material.Key words: Kahoot; science; quiz; students; teaching
Developing the Perceived Self- Regulation Skills Scale for Fourth Grade Students
Authors: Cavas Pinar , Arslan-Cansever Belgin , Ünver Gülsen
Published: December 2020

This paper presents the development process of the Perceived Self-RegulationSkills Scale for primary fourth grade students. The 34-item trial form of the scaleconsists of 4-point Likert-type items that range from 1 to 4 as follows: 1 – Never,2 – Sometimes, 3 – Often, and 4 - Always. It was administered to 585 fourth gradestudents in six primary schools. The total variance explained by three factorsfound as a result of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was calculated as 39.61%.The scale consists of 26 items - 12 items with factor load value varying between.32 and .74 in the first dimension; 4 items with factor load value varying between.51 and .67 in the second dimension, and 10 items with factor load value varyingbetween .32 and .56 in the third dimension. The dimensions were named as follows:the first dimension is “Planning the Learning Process”, the second dimension is“Implementation of the Learning Plan” and the third dimension is “Focusing on theTarget and Learning Task”. The validity study was carried out for 529 fourth gradestudents attending 11 primary schools. The goodness-of-fit index (GFI) which wascalculated as a result of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) shows that the itemsof the Perceived Self-Regulation Skills Scale are in good or perfect accordance.Keywords: primary education; primary school students; self-regulated learning
Predictors of Self-Concept in Elementary School Pupils
Authors: Bouillet Dejana , Miljević-Riđički Renata
Published: December 2020

Research consistently shows the connection between self-concept in children and youngpeople and their social relations, which is also reflected in pupils’ attitudes towardseducation. This paper analyses how family relations, peer relations and attitudestowards education contribute to the global self-concept of male and female pupilsof 8 to 14 years of age. The research was conducted by using an extended versionof the Questionnaire for Planning Social-pedagogic Interventions. The researchsample consisted of 3,335 pupils from 43 Croatian elementary schools. This studyexamines the hypothesis on differences in self-concept predictors between male andfemale elementary school pupils, suggesting that in comparison with male pupils, theself-concept of female pupils is more dependent on social relations and the level ofengagement in education. It was established that self-concept is relatively stable forboys of 8-14 years of age while it becomes weaker among girls of 8 -14 years of age.Statistically, for both male and female pupils, self-concept significantly depends on theassessment of the quality of family relations, peer relations, and the attitude of pupilstowards education. The most important self-concept predictor among male pupilsis their relationship with their peers, and among female pupils it is family relations.In addition, relationships with significant others and attitudes towards educationcontribute more strongly to the self-concept of female pupils than it does with theirmale peers.Keywords: attitude towards education; family relations; peer relations; significantothers in school age
La vida como vocación en la fenomenología de la acción de Capograssi
Authors: Llano-Torres Ana
Published: December 2020

La fenomenología de la acción de Capograssi, centrada en la vida y en la voluntad, se enraíza en la experiencia de la libertad como pasión. Descubrir esta pasividad, la positividad originaria que hay en la relación del hombre con el mundo («la aurora de la acción»), permite: 1) cuestionar la absolutización de la libertad de elección, que tiene serias consecuencias prácticas, también jurídicas; y 2) percibir el contraste entre vivir la vida como vocación y vivirla como sucesión de elecciones insensatas e inconexas. Su comprensión de la acción, de su motor y de su fundamento, contribuye así a salvar una voluntad desnortada y a redescubrir el deseo humano en toda su grandeza, en un mundo que, exaltándolo en abstracto, acaba dejando al individuo concreto sin apetito.
Chernov’s role in creating and developing the doctrine of modern metallurgy and metal science. Part 1. D.K. Chernov’s main theoretical and industrial discoveries
Authors: Leont’ev L. I. , Tsukanov V. V. , Smirnova D. L.
Published: December 2020

The paper contains informational material about the essence of the discoveries made by D.K. Chernov in the field of metal science, theory and practice of heat treatment, new types of tests and investigations. D.K. Chernov was a real pioneer of extremely important phenomena in the field of phase and structural transformations, casting structure, and study of strength of steel products. Significance of his discoveries, undoubtedly, puts D.K. Chernov’s name on the first place in a row of world scientists – metallurgists and metal scientists. Later his discoveries allowed one to develop the science of metals and its subdisciplines – metallurgy, steel deformability, theory of phase and structural transformations, tests and research of metals, theory and technology of heat treatment.
Impact of transportation on foundry coke quality
Authors: Kolokol’tsev V. M. , Savinov A. S. , Feoktistov N. A. , Postnikova A. S.
Published: December 2020

One of the ways to increase economic efficiency of the foundry is to reduce the product cost by reducing scrap, a significant proportion of which is formed due to formation of hot and cold cracks during solidification and cooling in the casting-mold system. The formation of cracks occurs due to the force interaction of casting with mold. Currently, a number of approaches are used to determine the value of stress state in the casting material and, accordingly, to determine the value of force interaction. The paper considers the developed estimation of stress-strain state of the casting-mold system, which is determined by deformation resistance of the molding mixture. Change in deformation resistance of the molding mixture is complex due to the multi-factor nature of resulting stresses interaction with thermal and component composition of the sand-clay layer. We have studied the influence of geometric parameters and thermophysical properties of the casting on deformation resistance of the molding mixture. A mathematical model was developed that takes into account the heat transfer between casting and mold, increase in mold dry layer, and the migration of moisture in layer of the sand-clay mixture. On the basis of mathematical modeling, we have made a quantitative analysis of the influence of thermophysical properties of casting (thermal conductivity, volumetric heat capacity, heat of crystallization, geometric parameters) on ductility of raw sand-clay mold with humidity of 5 % expressed in terms of the average resistance to deformation under an obstruction element 100 mm long. It was established that increase in the above-mentioned factors, at a fixed time, increases the average value of deformation resistance. The quantitative relationship of the released heat with growth of the dry layer of the molding mixture is described. It was noted that dynamics of changes in the average temperature does not always coincide with increase in deformation resistance of the molding mixture.
Changes in Family Physicians’ Perceptions of Electronic Cigarettes in Tobacco Use Counseling Between 2016 and 2019
Authors: Ofei-Dodoo Samuel , Wipperman Jennifer , Nutting Ruth , Gilchrist Karissa , Kellerman Rick
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Given the recent reports of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) and harm of e-cigarettes, the authors evaluated changes in the perception of e-cigarettes as smoking cessation tools in 2019 relative to 2016. The authors also evaluated the sources family physicians most commonly use to receive information regarding e-cigarettes.
Methods: Authors conducted a cross-sectional online survey of 248 community family physicians in Kansas from October to December 2019. The authors used a 11-item questionnaire to measure the participants’ perceptions of recommending e-cigarettes to patients for tobacco cessation. The authors used a mixed method approach to collect, analyze, and interpret the data. Standard descriptive statistics, Likelihood-Ratio/Fisher’s exact tests, and immersion-crystallization approached were used to analyze the data.
Results: The response rate was 59.3% (147/248). Proportion of the family physicians who did not recommend e-cigarettes for smoking cessation was significantly higher in 2019 than in 2016 (86% vs 82%; χ2 [1, n = 261] = 12.31; P < .01). Several reasons regarding respondents’ perception of e-cigarettes as smoking cessation tools were reported. The medical literature and news media were the top sources where family physicians accessed e-cigarettes information.
Conclusion: Our study has suggested that the majority of family physicians in our data do not currently recommend e-cigarettes for tobacco cessation. Opinions regarding the efficacy and safety of e-cigarettes are influenced by information source. Future, larger studies would be beneficial to further determine physicians’ beliefs and practices regarding e-cigarettes as smoking cessation products.
Protein Concentration Determination using Qubit 4 Fluorometer v2
Authors: J Burgess Steven
Published: December 2020

Procedure for quantification of protein concentration using a Qubit 4 Fluorometer. The procedure follows the manufacturer's instructions, this version is adapted for use with samples that have been extracted in protein extraction buffer as part of processing soybean leaf tissue. Consult the manual for further details: https://assets.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/LSG/manuals/Qubit_Protein_Assay_UG.pdf
Nomophobia in Nursing Students at Padjadjaran University
Authors: Haryati Evi Annisa , Widianti Efri , Hidayati Nur Oktavia
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT  During the industrial revolution of 4.0, everything becomes easily accessible. One of its developments is information and communication technology. The high use of a smartphone as communication tools can cause dependency which is characterized by repeatedly checking smartphones which can cause addiction so that it can cause fear or phobia, commonly known as Nomophobia. The aim of this study was to determine the overview of nomophobia in Nursing students at Padjadjaran University. This research used a quantitative descriptive method with cross-sectional approach. Samples were taken using a total sampling technique from the population of an active student of the Bachelor program in the year of 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019 Faculty of Nursing, Padjadjaran University. Data were collected using the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) and analyzed using descriptive frequency distribution. The results of this study showed that the majority of respondents 559 (63.5%) showed moderate nomophobia, as many as 243 respondents (27.6%) showed severe nomophobia and 79 respondents (9%) showed mild nomophobia. The conclusion of this study is that majority of respondents belong to the category of moderate nomophobia. Therefore, it is recommended for the following institution to be able to develop policies that regulate the use of smartphones in the context of clinical education and practice.ABSTRAKPada era revolusi industri 4.0 segala sesuatunya semakin mudah diakses. Salah satu perkembangannya adalah teknologi informasi dan komunikasi. Tingginya penggunaan alat komunikasi smartphone dapat menimbulkan ketergantungan yang ditandai dengan selalu memeriksa smartphone yang dapat menimbulkan suatu kecanduan sehingga dapat menimbulkan ketakutan atau fobia yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan Nomophobia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran nomophobia pada mahasiswa Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Padjadjaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode  deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik total sampling dari populasi mahasiswa aktif program Sarjana angkatan 2016,2017,2018 dan 2019 Fakultas Keperawatan Universitas Padjadjaran. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q dan dianalisis secara deskriptif  distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar  responden 559 (63,5%) menunjukkan nomophobia sedang, sebanyak 243 responden (27,6%) menunjukkan nomophobia berat dan sebanyak 79 responden (9%) menunjukkan nomophobia ringan. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagian besar responden tergolong kedalam kategori nomophobia sedang. Oleh karena itu, disarankan bagi pihak instansi untuk dapat mengembangkan kebijakan yang mengatur penggunaan smartphone dalam konteks pendidikan dan praktikum klinis.
Factors Affecting Violence Againts Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nasution Lina Anisa , Fitriana Lisna Anisa
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTViolence against women is one of the human rights solutions which tends to increase during the COVID-19 pandemic. Various factors increase the incidence of violence against women. This systematic literature review aims to identify the factors that influence the increase in incidence in women. Study literature on the Science Direct, Pubmed, Cinahl, EBSCO host and Cochrane Library databases with the PRISMA procedure and the Robvis bias assessment. A total of 5 articles were included in this systematic literature study. The factors that influence the increase in the number of violence against women are personal factors, relationships, community and societal context. ABSTRAKKekerasan pada perempuan merupakan salah satu pelanggaran hak asasi yang cenderung mengalami peningkatan selama pandemic COVID-19. Berbagai faktor meningkatkan angka kejadian kekerasan pada perempuan. Studi sitematik literatur ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi peningkatan kejadian kekerasan pada perempuan. Studi literatur pada database Science Direct, Pubmed, Cinahl, EBSCO host dan Cochrane Library. Desain penelitian yang termasuk dalam kriteria pencarian adalah cross sectional, RCT dan studi review pada tahun 2019-2020. Pencarian awal menghasilkan 313 artikel dan sebanyak 5 artikel termasuk dalam studi literatur sistematik ini setelah melalui prosedur PRISMA dan analisis bias penelitian menggunakan Robvis. Faktor yang memengaruhi peningkatan angka kekerasan pada perempuan adalah faktor personal, hubungan, komunitas dan konteks masyarakat.
TEONG NEGERI: SAKRALITAS IDENTITAS LOKAL MASYARAKAT NEGERI ADAT DI MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Salakory Revaldo Pravasta Julian Mb
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the sacredness of Teong Negeri in the life of the indigenous people in Maluku. Teong Negeri is seen as a symbol of the customary state in Central Maluku, among others, Negeri Haya, Hatu, Tehua and Wassu and has a function in maintaining the socio-cultural network. the four states of Pela Gandong Negeri Haya, Hatu, Tehua and Wassu use Teong Negeri as a daily greeting. It can be seen that Teong Negeri is a sacred symbol for the four states of pela gandong because in addition to being a symbol of identity that is able to integrate each other, but also a symbol of respect for ancestors. Based on research data related to the results of the interview Teong Negeri has to do with the history of the establishment of the state, in the life of indigenous people in Wassu state known as Teong Erihatu Samasuru, Haya state known as teong Nakajarimau, Hatu state known as Teong Silalou and Tehua state by the name of Teong Lounusa Amalatu. Ethnographic qualitative research methods are used to obtain in-depth field findings data, based on the informants' understanding of Teong Negeri as a sacred identity for the people of central Maluku in maintaining the cultural network (Islamic-Christian relations) during and after the conflict. So based on the findings, it can be seen that Teong Negeri is able to provide spirit capital for the entire community to keep alive the cultural provisions in the life of indigenous people in Central Maluku.
EFFECT OF PHASE INSTABILITY OF GENERATORS ON THE OPERATING PARAMETERS OF A CARRIER FREQUENCY SYNCHRONIZATION SYSTEM AGAINST A BACKGROUND OF ADDITIVE GAUSSIAN NOISE AND A DOPPLER FREQUENCY SHIFT
Authors: Turovsky O.L. , Kirpach L.A.
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the systems of phase synchronization of radio engineering devices of communication technology. The purpose of the article is theoretical research in the direction of development, analysis and improvement of known and synthesis of new phase synchronization circuits, characterized by high noise immunity, accuracy and speed with simplicity of design. The problem is solved to investigate the possibilities of closed and combined synchronization systems for operation under conditions of phase instability of generators in a communication channel against the background of external additive Gaussian noise and Doppler frequency shift. The following results were obtained. The analysis of closed-type synchronization systems during operation under the conditions of phase instability of generators is carried out and its inconsistency is shown in order to minimize the phase error variance and increase the dynamics during carrier frequency monitoring. The process of synthesis of open communication in the combined synchronization system is refined and analytical dependences are offered, which allow to refine the technique of synthesis of open communication for the combined synchronization system with regard to the phase instability of the generators against the background of the influence of the adducts. Conclusions. Increasing the noise bandwidth of the proportional-integrating filter of the closed-loop phase-in-phase synchronization system to the parameters of the ideal filter impairs the dynamics of the specified system. For the combined synchronization system, in the conditions of phase instability of the generators, an increase in the noise bandwidth of the input signal can be achieved by applying a closed-loop proportional-integrating filter and by making appropriate selection of parameters of the transfer function of the link of the open channel. In the conditions of phase instability of the generators in the combined system of synchronization by selecting the parameters of the proportional-integrating filter, it is possible to provide the necessary dynamics of the system and to achieve the optimal value of the dispersion of the phase error in it. Taking into account Doppler noise under conditions of phase instability of generators for a closed-type synchronization system and a combined synchronization system requires a reduction of the optimal value of the noise bandwidth.
PROTECTION MODELS AND METHODS AGAINST THREATED PROGRAMS INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Dzhulij V.M. , Boychuk V.A. , Titova V.Y. , Selyukov O.V. , Miroshnichenko O.V.
Published: December 2020

The article proposes an approach to the development of protection methods against threatening programs in modern information systems, which consists in the development of security methods based on the implementation of access control to files by their types, which can be identified by file extensions that significantly exceed the known methods of antivirus protection, such as on the effectiveness of protection, as well as the impact on the load of computing resources of the information system. It is shown that the most important for protection are executable binary and script files, and that these classes of malware require mandatory storage of the threatening file on the hard disk before its execution (read). This led to the conclusion that protection against threatening programs can be built by implementing control (delineation) of access to files. A general approach to the implementation of protection against threatening programs is proposed, based on the implementation of control of access to files by their types, which can be identified by file extensions. The possibility of using such an approach is substantiated by a study of remedies. Methods of protection against threatening programs allow to protect the information system, both from loading, and from execution of binary and scripted threat files, differing in the possibility of taking into account the location of executable files, the possibility of administration with a working security system, the ability to control the modification of access objects, renaming access features, the ability to protect against scripted threat programs, including the ability to give threatening properties to interpreters (virtual x machines). Models of access control have been developed, which allowed the built-in access matrices to formulate requirements for building a secure system, the implementation of which prevents the leakage of given access rights of subjects to objects.
US, Russian and Indian physician perspectives regarding end of life care
Authors: Jackson James G. , Raj Sheetal Moolambally , Matveeva Yulia , Xu Yinghui , Jogerst Gerald J.
Published: December 2020

Aim. To compare US, Russian and Indian primary care physicians attitudes, comfort and experiences providing palliative care.

Design. Cross sectional survey.

Settings. Iowa, USA; Leningrad Oblast, Russia; Mangalore, India.

Participants. Primary care physicians.

Methods. Chi-squared testing for dichotomous variables and t-tests for mean scores.

Results. 66 US, 81 Russian and 95 Indian physicians completed the survey. More US physicians preferred end of life care at home (83% v 56% Russian and 29% Indian) p 0.001 and Indian physicians preferring hospitals (36% v 0% US and 1% Russian) p 0.001. 94% percent of US physicians preferred patient make their own decisions, 57% of Russian sample preferred physicians as decision makers, and Indian physicians preferred family members to patients themselves (44%) p 0.001. Patient should be informed (US vs Russia vs India) of terminal illness Always (74% vs 31% vs 33%) p 0.001, If Asked (9% vs 64% vs 12%) p 0.001 or Physicians Judgement (15%, 5%, 54%) p 0.001. US physicians reported higher comfort rates with managing symptoms at the end of life. In the last 6 months US physicians were more satisfied with provided care Often or Always (63% vs 36% Russian v 21% Indian) p 0.001.

Conclusions. US sample was more concerned with patient autonomy and had more comfort and satisfaction in providing end of life care compared to Russian and Indian samples.
Capa, créditos e sumário
Authors: Batista Amanda Damasceno , Cordeiro Felipe , Moraes Otávio Augusto Oliveira , Silva Rafael Guimarães Tavares , Vieira Tiago de Holanda Padilha , Xavier Clarissa
Published: December 2020

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