bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Outcomes of Reduced versus Conventional Ports in Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Abdelsamee KS , Matar M , Khalil MM
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The study aims to compare the short-term outcomes of reduced ports sleeve gastrectomy versus conventional five ports sleeve gastrectomy in postoperative weight loss, morbidity rate, pain, and resolution of obesity-related diseases.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred forty patients were equally allocated to reduced ports (n = 70) and conventional ports (5 ports) Laparoscopic Gastrectomy groups. The primary outcomes are postoperative pain by numeric rating score, cosmetic visual analog score, satisfaction visual analog score, operative time, and hospital stay. The secondary outcomes are postoperative complications and comorbidity resolution.

Results:

The numeric rating score for pain assessment was statistically significantly lower in the reduced ports group compared with the conventional ports group at 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours, postoperatively (P < .001). Cosmetic visual analog score was statistically significantly higher in the reduced ports group compared with conventional ports group at 2 and 3 months follow-up (P < .001 and P = .008, respectively). Patient satisfaction visual analog score was statistically significantly higher in the reduced ports group than the conventional ports group at 2 and 3 months follow-up (P < .001 and P = .032, respectively).

Conclusion:

Reduced ports laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is safe and feasible in patients with body mass index (BMI) up to 50 kg/m². It is cosmetically well appreciated with noticeable patient satisfaction. It should be practiced with regularity. Further trials should be considered in patients with high BMI (>50 kg/m²).
Quality of Life in Parents of Turkish and Syrian Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant and Oncology Patients
Authors: Sezgin G , Yaylacı A , Ünal İ
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The success of the treatment depends on the well-being of the parents in pediatric cancer patients. In addition, migrants need to deal with the consequences of war.

Aim:

Our purpose was to compare the HRQoL of parents of Syrian and Turkish children followed in our bone marrow transplant and oncology units.

Materials and Methods:

One hundred SF 36 questionnaires, fifty from each group were collected between October 2019 and March 2020 in this cross-sectional study. Demographic characteristics of the patients (sex, age, cancer type, presence of relapse, duration of follow-up) and education level of parents were recorded. Analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0.

Results:

Turkish parents reported better results in physical functioning, emotional well-being, physical pain, general health, and physical health composite score (P < 0.05). There were more fathers in the Syrian group and education status was significant between the two groups (P = 0.01, P = 0.001, respectively). There was no correlation between QoL and education levels in the Turkish group. In Syrian parents, pain score was high in middle school graduates (P = 0.043). In the presence of relapse, although the physical function score decreased, the physical role function score increased in Turkish parents (P = 0.0035, P = 0.005, respectively). Syrian parents’ emotional role function and energy/fatigue score were both increased when children had relapses (P = 0.027for both).

Conclusion:

Migration is a complex issue. Turkish parents were better in physical functioning, emotional well-being, physical pain, general health, and physical health composite score. Screening for parental burden, assisting them to find appropriate support services is essential in improving the health and QoL of both our patients and their parents.
Evaluating Interleukin-16 Expression in Patients with Grade-3 and Grade-4 Glial Cell Tumors and Healthy Individuals
Authors: Karaca F , Keskin S , Menteş S , Boğa Z , Çavuş G , Köksal F
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

This study evaluated the change in IL-16 levels in patients with high-grade glial tumors undergoing radiotherapy (RT) and healthy individuals (control group).

Materials and Methods:

Serum IL-16 levels of 35 high-grade glioma patients receiving radiotherapy (RT) and 30 healthy individuals were compared. We compared the IL-16 levels before (RT0) and after the (RT1) and IL-16 levels were measured and the relationship of this change with other characteristics such as age, gender, weight, height, and blood test results.

Results:

The RT0-IL-16 level was approximately 15 pg/ml higher than the RT1 measurement in the patient group. The mean RT0-IL-16 levels in the patient group were approximately 10 pg/ml higher than the mean IL-16 levels in the control group. Likewise, at the RT1 time-point, the mean IL-16 levels for the patient group were approximately 5 pg/ml lower than the mean IL-16 for the control group. The mean RT0-RT1-IL-16 value tended to be higher in female patients than in male patients.

Conclusion:

The application of RT reduces the overall IL-16 levels, suggesting the efficacy of RT, as well as the role of IL-16 in tumorigenesis.
Folic acid: The key to a healthy pregnancy – A prospective study on fetomaternal outcome
Authors: Dey Madhusudan , Dhume Pranjali , Sharma Sanjay K , Goel Suyash , Chawla Sunil , Shah Ankur , Madhumidha G , Rawal Reshu
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The objective of the study is to study the fetomaternal outcome associated with folic acid deficiency in pregnancy.

Materials and Methods:

This hospital-based observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt, and a total of 351 participants were enrolled who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The plasma folic acid level of the selected patients was measured in the booking visit by automated chemiluminescence assay. The cutoff levels of folic acid were taken at 8.6 ng/mL. Based on these values, the study population was divided into two groups, one with folic acid values <8.6 ng/mL and the other with values ≥8.6 ng/mL. Plasma Vitamin B12 levels were measured to check for any concurrent deficiencies. Obstetric outcomes included first- and second-trimester miscarriages, development of anemia, gestational hypertension/preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, placental abruption, and intrauterine fetal growth restriction (FGR). Furthermore, the period of gestation at delivery, fetal weights, APGAR scores at 5 min were documented. The study also considered fetal neural tube defects, intrauterine fetal demise for data collection. Collected data were analyzed statistically to find the association of the above-mentioned outcomes with levels of folic acid.

Results:

The rate of preterm deliveries was significantly higher in the folic acid group with levels <8.6 ng/mL (16.94%). The incidence of small for gestational age/FGR was higher in the folic acid group with levels <8.6 ng/mL (27.11%) compared to the high folic acid group with levels ≥8.6 ng/mL (13.38%). The differences in the incidence of anemia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia between the two groups were not statistically significant and no cases of intrauterine fetal demise or placental abruption were observed in either group. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the relative risk of low Apgar scores at 5 min between the two groups.

Conclusion:

The present study suggests that low folic acid levels during pregnancy are associated with a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as anemia, miscarriages, preterm delivery, and FGR. Therefore, adherence to nutritional recommendation of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy is essential to prevent these adverse outcomes.
Divided Exhaust Period Assessment for Fuel-Enrichment Reduction in
Turbocharged Spark-Ignition Engines
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Yu Xin , Zhang Anqi , Baur Andrew , Engineer Nayan , Roth David
Published: October 2023

Turbocharged spark-ignition (SI) engines, owing to frequent engine knocking
events, utilize retarded spark timing that causes combustion inefficiency, and
high turbine inlet temperature (Trb-In T) levels. Fuel enrichment is implemented
at high power levels to prevent excessive Trb-In T levels, resulting in an
additional fueling penalty and higher CO emissions. In current times,
fuel-enrichment reductions are of high strategic importance for engine
manufacturers to meet the imminent emissions regulations. To that end, the
authors investigated the divided exhaust period (DEP) concept in a 2.2 L
turbocharged SI engine with a geometric compression ratio of 14 by decoupling
blowdown (BD) and scavenge (SC) events during the exhaust process. Using a
validated 1D engine model, the authors first analyzed the DEP concept in terms
of pumping mean effective pressure (PMEP) and engine knocking (KI) reduction.
Subsequently, the authors examined the effectiveness of the DEP concept using a
“low-restriction exhaust flowpath” and varying late intake valve closing (LIVC)
duration.

First, using DEP, significant PMEP and KI reductions benefits were observed at
high power engine conditions along with a large increase in Trb-In T from the
early blowdown event. Subsequently, use of a low restriction exhaust flowpath
and a shortened LIVC duration further elevated the DEP benefits, including
Trb-In T reduction that facilitated enrichment reduction. At 4,000 RPM/20 bar
BMEP, ~70% lower PMEP and a 2.2 point increase in ITEg were noted relative to
the base engine. However, the 2,000 RPM peak torque engine condition was
compromised using DEP, due to knock limitation and deteriorated stock
turbocharger performance. Finally, DEP design integrated with an off-the-shelf
(new) turbocharger system remedied the low-end torque challenges and
demonstrated a notable enrichment reduction and thermal efficiency benefits at
the full load engine curve including the 200 kW rated condition.
Reduced Carbon Intensity of Ethanol Blend Gasoline
Authors: Clark Nigel N. , Klein Tammy , Higgins Terrence , McKain David
Published: October 2023

Tank-to-wheels (TTW) CO2 reduction for ethanol blends is determined from either gasoline composition or vehicle exhaust measurements. Fuels are characterized using a carbon intensity (CI), which is the ratio of carbon (as CO2 mass) in the fuel to the net heating value. Our objective is to assess changes in CI of market gasoline with varying ethanol content that can be used to appreciate change in vehicle tailpipe greenhouse gases (GHG) in response to policy controlling the ethanol level in market fuels. Ethanol has both a reduced carbon content and a reduced net (lower) heating value relative to petroleum species, with a CI slightly lower than that of typical petroleum gasoline. However, ethanol blending offers additional CI reduction because it enables a reduction of aromatics in the petroleum blendstock for oxygenate blending (BOB) while maintaining octane rating of the blend. Aromatics have a CI about 20% higher than paraffins. The primary refinery option for aromatic reduction is through lower severity or throughput for the gasoline reformer, which ultimately reduces CI in the BOB and the finished blend. Expected gasoline market blends were projected by developing a model that addressed US refining and blending in response to octane requirements. A TTW blending CI, or BCI, for ethanol is proposed to describe the total CI reduction in the finished blend enabled by the ethanol. The ethanol BCI was found to average at 59 gCO2/MJ for E10, E15, and E20 (10%, 15%, and 20% ethanol by volume) market fuels in this study. This is substantially below the ethanol chemical CI of 71.0 gCO2/MJ and petroleum CI of 73.5 g CO2/MJ due to the enabling of aromatic reduction. E10 in comparison to E0 (purely petroleum) is estimated to offer a national US tailpipe CO2 reduction of 16.6 billion kg annually.
Exhaust Rebreathing Strategy to Improve Low Load Operation Applied on a Heavy-Duty Gasoline Compression Ignition Engine
Authors: Echeverri Marquez Manuel , Shah Ashish , Kumar Praveen , Merritt Brock , Cleary David
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the effect of exhaust rebreathe (RB) on the low-load regime of a Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI) heavy-duty engine. For this engine, a custom-designed cam profile with a second exhaust event occurring during the intake stroke was tested under different experimental load and speed conditions. First, the study focuses on the of rebreathe on combustion and gas exchange processes in the low load range of 240-300 kPa BMEP at three key speeds: 820, 1200, and 1600 rpm. Then, a general analysis of the thermal management of this technology is assessed in the low-load map, evaluating the impact on turbine outlet temperature and after-treatment performance related to the conversion rates for NOx and total hydrocarbons (THC). The detailed analysis revealed an increase of around 9% in the trapped residuals for the RB operation, translating to an in-cylinder temperature increase and raising the exhaust temperature up to 50°C. By trapping more residuals in the cylinders, the gas exchange process is different for RB, resulting in fresh charge air reduction, which translates into less pumping and exhaust losses in the energy balance. RB operation also positively impacted combustion stability on extreme zero torque conditions, increasing combustion efficiency at the conditions tested. Overall, it was observed that RB resulted in 30-50°C higher turbine outlet temperature, which reduced the lowest BMEP with 90% SCR NOx conversion efficiencies by up to 200 kPa.
Numerical Study of the Effect of Direct-Injection Timing of Methanol and Excess Air Ratio on the Combustion Characteristics of a Marine Diesel-Methanol Dual-Fuel Engine
Authors: Li Xiao , Yan Ping , Li Hong-Mei , Zheng Liang , Shen Gang , Hu Yu-Chen , Han Dan
Published: October 2023

Methanol is a suitable alternative fuel to relieve the problem of energy shortage and decrease the emission of greenhouse gases. The effect of direct-injection timing of methanol and diesel on the combustion characteristics of a marine diesel engine with bore of 210 mm was simulated with a 3-dimentional computational fluid dynamic (CFD) software AVL-FIRE. The combustion model was set-up and validated by the experimental data from the marine diesel engine. Results show that there are two peaks on the heat release rate (HRR) curves with the normal diesel-methanol combustion process. The first HRR peak is caused by the combustion of diesel. The second HRR peak is resulted from the hybrid combustion process of diesel and methanol. The injection timing of diesel influences the peak pressure rise rate (PPRR) and ignition timing. The indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), the maximum in-cylinder pressure and combustion duration are influenced by the direct-injection timing of methanol. With direct-injection of diesel and methanol, the nitrogen oxide (NOx) and soot can be reduced simultaneously. The emission of nitrogen oxide is 70% lower than the original diesel engine when the lambda is higher than 2.0. A suitable range of dwell between direct-injection timing of diesel and methanol and excess air ratio can ensure the output of engine power and make emissions under a low level simultaneously.
A Kinetic Modeling and Engine Simulation Study on Ozone-Enhanced Ammonia Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Zhenyingnan , Li Ang , Li Zhuohang , Zhu Lei , Huang Zhen
Published: October 2023

Ammonia has attracted the attention of a growing number of researchers in recent years. However, some properties of ammonia (e.g., low laminar burning velocity, high ignition energy, etc.) inhibit its direct application in engines. Several routes have been proposed to overcome these problems, such as oxygen enrichment, partial fuel cracking strategy and co-combustion with more reactive fuels. Improving the reactivity of ammonia from the oxidizer side is also practical. Ozone is a highly reactive oxidizer which can be easily and rapidly generated through electrical plasma and is an effective promoter applicable for a variety of fuels. The dissociation reaction of ozone increases the concentration of reactive radicals and promotes chain-propagating reactions. Thus, obtaining accurate rate constants of reactions related to ozone is necessary, especially at elevated to high pressure range which is closer to engine-relevant conditions. In present work, rate constants of ozone dissociation reaction were recalculated and extended to cover engine-relevant pressure conditions based on multiconfigurational calculation results in literature. A kinetic model was developed based on calculated results in present work and data taken from literature. This model was further used for numerical simulations of ozone-enhanced ammonia oxidation at pressures of 1-5 MPa and temperatures ranging from 700-1000 K. Kinetic analysis based on Chemkin simulation was performed to investigate and evaluate the effect of ozone addition. Engine simulation was also performed to investigate the feasibility of ozone-enhanced ammonia oxidation in engine applications. Present work investigates a different route of enhanced combustion of ammonia and will contribute to the future application of ammonia in engines.
Investigation of Fuel Injection Pressure Impact on Dimethyl Ether Combustion
Authors: Leblanc Simon , Wang Linyan , Sandhu Navjot Singh , Yu Xiao , Zheng Ming
Published: October 2023

Compression ignition engines used in heavy-duty applications are typically powered by diesel fuel. The high energy density and feedstock abundance provide a continuing source for the immense energy demand. However, the heavy-duty transportation sector is challenged with lowering greenhouse gas and combustion by-product emissions, including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. The continuing development of engine management and combustion strategies has proven the ability to meet current regulations, particularly with higher fuel injection pressure. Nonetheless, a transition from diesel to a renewable alternative fuel source will play a significant role in reducing greenhouse gases while maintaining the convenience and energy density inherent in liquid fuels. Dimethyl ether is a versatile fuel that possesses combustion properties suitable for compression ignition engines and physical properties helpful for clean combustion. The higher volatility of DME may permit lower injection pressure than diesel fueling systems to achieve adequate atomization and mixing. In this work, an empirical study of the DME fuel injection pressure was conducted based on combustion and emission characteristics.

The DME injection pressure was tested from 200bar to 770bar. A plunger-type injection system with an enlarged high-pressure reservoir was adopted to manage steady fuel injection pressures at 1200rpm. Each injection pressure condition was subject to a full-range exhaust gas dilution sweep into low-temperature combustion. The low sooting propensity of DME was apparent as engine-out soot emissions were below 2mg/kWh under all conditions. A higher injection pressure showed higher NOx emissions up to 70% EGR, thereafter NOx emissions persisted similarly low. A prominent improvement in combustion efficiency was observed from 325bar to 500bar followed by a minor improvement to 660bar. Correspondingly, exhaust gas speciation showed a similar trend in hydrogen, methane, and unburned DME emissions.
Analysis of Rotor Dynamics Characteristics of Roots Hydrogen Circulation Pump
Authors: Lin Mengzhu , Gao Yuan
Published: October 2023

As an important part of the Roots hydrogen circulation pump, the rotor system has a significant impact on the dynamic characteristics of the Roots hydrogen circulation pump. In this paper, the finite element model of the rotor system of the Roots hydrogen circulation pump in the fuel cell hydrogen supply system was built, and the dynamic characteristics of the coupled dual-rotor system were studied. Through the modal analysis of the rotor system, the first six-order natural modes and natural frequencies of the uncoupled single-rotor system and the coupled dual-rotor system were obtained. The harmonic response characteristics of the rotor system were analyzed on the basis of the modal analysis, and the harmonic response characteristic curves of the gear and the edge of the impeller were obtained. The results show that the vibration deformation of the shaft end and the rotor impeller is relatively large, and the vibration response amplitude of the rotor system is the largest when the excitation frequency is close to the first-order natural frequencies. The coupled dual-rotor system exhibits more complex vibration modes compared to the uncoupled single-rotor system, and the response of the active rotor system to the imbalance is more significant. It is recommended to give priority to the machining and installation accuracy of the active rotor system, and avoid the excitation frequency near 980Hz to help improve the stability of the Roots hydrogen circulation pump. The research will provide a basis for the optimal design and vibration reduction research of the Roots hydrogen circulation pump, thereby improving the reliability of the rotors during operation.
Simulation Study on EGR Condensate Flow and Uniformity of Each
Cylinder in the Intake Manifold
Authors: Pan Shiyi , Li Guanting , Wang Jinhua , Zhang Nan , Xu Zhiqin , Chen Shanghua , Chen Jun , Zhao Shengwei
Published: October 2023

As engine technology developed continuously, engine with both turbocharging and
EGR has been researched due to its benefit on improving the engine efficiency.
Nevertheless, a technical issue has raised up while utilizing both turbocharging
and EGR at the same time: excess condensed water existed in intake manifold
which potentially trigger misfire conditions. In order to investigate the
root-cause, a CFD model (conducted by CONVERGE CFD software) was presented and
studied in this paper which virtually regenerated intake manifold flow-field
with EGR condensed water inside. Based on the simulated results, it concluded
that different initial conditions of EGR condensed water could significantly
change the amount of water which deposited in each cylinder. Thus, a coefficient
of variation of deposited condensed water amount among these cylinders, was
marked as the evaluation reference of cylinder misfire. Theoretically, as this
coefficient of variation reduced, the EGR condensed water from intake manifold
would be distributed homogeneously in each cylinder, and thus less possibility
of cylinder misfire should be observed. As concluded from the presented multiple
simulated results, the coefficient of variation of deposited condensed water
amount was above 30% statically for the existing intake manifold, which meant
the existing intake manifold had tremendous room for optimization. The result
showed that the fluctuation of the inner surface of the intake manifold had a
great impact on the flow of condensate water, so different surface shapes could
be designed in the intake manifold to organize the flow of condensate water, so
as to make the condensate water of each cylinder more uniform, and reduce the
occurrence of fire.
Platinum(II) complexes with epoxide derivative of 1,10-phenanthroline in interaction with human serum albumin
Authors: Franich Anđela A. , Živković Marija D. , Rajković Snežana
Published: October 2023

In order to investigate the nature of binding drugs to HSA interaction of mononuclear [Pt(5,6-epoxy-1,10-phen)Cl2] and [Pt(mal)(5,6-epoxy-1,10-phen)] complexes with HSA were followed by fluorescence emission and UV-Vis spectroscopy. To determine the preferred site of the complex binding to the HSA competitive experiments with site markers eosin Y and ibuprofen were performed. Obtained results showed that the examined complexes bind to HSA and primary interaction is at site II.
Ev Hanımı Mı İş Kadını Mı? Türk Modernleşmesinin Bir Unsuru Olarak Kız Enstitüleri Ve Necatibey Kız Enstitüsü
Authors: ALİŞOĞLU Batuhan
Published: October 2023

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, kuruluşundan itibaren birçok yapısal reforma imza atmıştır. Eğitim alanında girişilen temel reformlardan biri ise modern Türkiye’nin düşünce yapısını yansıtacak eğitim kurumlarının kurulması olmuştur. Kız Enstitüleri, bu hususta kurulan başlıca eğitim kurumlarındandır. Çağdaş “cumhuriyet kızları” yetiştirme amacıyla kurulan bu eğitim kurumlarında çoğunlukla Batılı metotlar benimsenmiş ve uygulamaya konulmuştur. Bursa Necatibey Kız Enstitüsü, ilk açılan kız enstitülerinden biri olarak alanında öncü eğitim kurumlarından biri olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, cumhuriyetin erken yıllarında kadın eğitimine örnek teşkil eden kız enstitülerinin tarihi, düşünce yapısı ve Bursa’da kurulmuş olan Necatibey Kız Enstitüsü’nün süreç içerisindeki gelişimi konu edilmiştir. Çalışmada, Atatürkçü düşünce ışığında oluşturulmaya çalışılan çağdaş kadın algısında kız enstitülerinin rolünün ve uygulanan eğitimin niteliğinin anlaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sırasında Necatibey Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi arşivi, basın kaynakları ve konu hakkındaki nitelikli araştırma-inceleme eserlerinden yararlanılmıştır.
Sınav Kaygısına Sahip Bir Ergenle Çalışma: Kısa Süreli Bilişsel Davranışçı Müdahale
Authors: AKKAYA Mücahit , DEMİRTAŞ ZORBAZ Selen
Published: October 2023

Sınav kaygısı, özelikle eğitim ve psikoloji alanlarında uzun yıllardır araştırılan ve sürekli değişen eğitim ve sınav sistemiyle beraber hâlâ güncelliğini koruyan bir konudur. Sınav kaygısı, liselere geçiş sınavıyla beraber ortaokul öğrencileri için giderek artan bir sorun olmaktadır. Sınav kaygısı ile baş etmede bilişsel davranışçı terapinin etkili bir yöntem olduğu bilinmektedir ancak bu yöntemin ergenlerle etkililiğinin sınandığı çok fazla çalışmaya rastlanmamaktadır. Bu olgu sunumunda sınav kaygısı yaşayan 14 yaşındaki bir sekizinci sınıf öğrencisiyle yapılan altı oturumluk kısa süreli bilişsel davranışçı temelli psikolojik danışma süreci ele alınmıştır. Aynı zamanda süreç sırasında bir ebeveyn oturumu ve bir izleme oturumu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kısa süreli bilişsel davranışçı psikolojik danışma yaklaşımının esas alındığı psikolojik danışma sürecinde A-B-C modelinden, bilişsel çarpıtmaların ve olumsuz otomatik düşüncelerin ortaya konulmasından yararlanılmıştır. Danışanın bilişsel çarpıtmalarını ve olumsuz otomatik düşüncelerini değiştirmesi sağlanmıştır. Danışan sınava yönelik düşüncelerini yeniden çerçevelemiştir. Danışan artık sınavın ona korkutucu gelmediğini ve sınavı sadece bir sınav olarak gördüğünü ifade etmiştir. Aynı zamanda danışanın ilk başlardaki kaygılı ve stresli beden duruşu, oturumun sonlarında yerini daha rahat ve özgüvenli bir beden duruşuna bırakmıştır. Literatürle uyumlu bir şekilde, uygulanan bilişsel davranışçı psikolojik danışma temelli kısa süreli müdahalenin, danışanın sınav kaygısını azaltmada etkili olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Evaluación del comportamiento de una sonda aire-agua en un banco de calibración de equipos de medición de flujos bifásicos
Authors: Ros-Bernal Alicia , Carrillo José M. , García Juan T. , Castillo Luis G.
Published: October 2023

A pesar de los avances significativos logrados en el estudio de los flujos bifásicos agua-aire, existen dudas acerca de la precisión de las campañas experimentales puesto que los equipos suelen obviar la fase de calibración. Las limitaciones inherentes a las técnicas de medición existentes han impulsado la presente investigación. El objetivo de este trabajo es profundizar en el conocimiento del funcionamiento de una sonda de fibra óptica de doble punta, ensayada en un banco de calibración con una fracción de vacío del 32.13%. Para alcanzar esta concentración se ha utilizado un caudal de agua Qw = 2.26 l/s y un caudal de aire Qa = 1.07 l/s. La evolución de las principales variables ha sido analizada en la dirección transversal del chorro, considerando diferentes secciones a distintas distancias respecto a la salida de la tobera. Estas variables incluyen: la fracción de vacío, la frecuencia de cambio de fase, la velocidad, y el diámetro medio de las burbujas de Sauter.
La "negación" del derecho de socialización en menores adolescentes institucionalizadas/os
Authors: Sarasa Camacho Hodei
Published: October 2023

El hecho de que la adolescencia resulta una etapa en la que el apoyo del grupo de pares supone un potencial para el desarrollo psicosocial de las y los menores parece ya una afirmación suficientemente consolidada. La socialización adolescente ha sido un fenómeno “constantemente” estudiado y, de una u otra forma y con más o menos acierto, la legislación y la normativa han venido adaptándose a tal realidad, “asegurando” el derecho de socialización y asociación de las y los adolescentes. Así, la socialización supone un derecho de las y los menores recogido en una amplia variedad de recomendaciones teóricas, normativas institucionales y obligaciones legislativas. Pero ¿qué ocurre con los derechos de socialización de aquellas/os adolescentes que, por resultar “inmersas/os” en procesos de institucionalización, son “separados” de su núcleo familiar y de convivencia  y, por lo tanto, de su contexto de socialización? Este articulo trata de acercar la realidad de socialización de las y los adolescentes de entre 12 y 18 años en acogimiento residencial, explorando, desde la realización de entrevistas en profundidad y cuestionarios, las necesidades, las posibilidades y las carencias socializadoras de estas/os menores institucionalizadas/os.
Principio de oportunidad dentro del sistema de responsabilidad penal para adolescentes como herramienta de justicia restaurativa en Cartagena-Colombia
Authors: Ortega Galindo Doris , Serpa Sua Edgardo Manuel , García Tarrá Carolina
Published: October 2023

Se realizó una investigación sociojurídica dentro del circuito judicial de Cartagena-Colombia, en donde se indagó si en los últimos años el principio de oportunidad había sido una herramienta útil para el restablecimiento de las relaciones sociales afectadas por el delito dentro del circuito judicial referido. Para ello se analizó el modelo de justicia adoptado por el sistema de responsabilidad penal para adolescentes en Colombia, observándose, adicionalmente, las particularidades propias del principio de oportunidad dentro del sistema de justicia juvenil, finalizándose con una muestra de los datos obtenidos producto de las entrevistas efectuadas a los funcionarios adscritos al S.R.P.A de la ciudad de Cartagena-Colombia, de lo cual hace que  el principio de oportunidad sea una herramienta útil para reparar los tejidos sociales afectados, por la comisión de delitos.
A mixed-methods study of online learning in the EFL classroom
Authors: Girón-García Carolina , Boghiu-Balaur Sorina
Published: October 2023

The need to adapt classroom materials to maintain students’ interest to learn the subject matter in an engaging environment, by means of Information and Communication Technologies, becomes a first concern. The purpose of this mixed-methods study, which involves a combination of both qualitative and quantitative data analyses, is to survey the perceptions and engagement of higher education students as regards learning theoretical content and vocabulary through the implementation of two online called ‘Cybertasks’. The participants were administered two perception questionnaires in order to gather information concerning their previous knowledge and their acquired knowledge. Additionally, a final written exam was delivered to determine whether there is a correlation between students’ satisfaction with Cybertask completion and their academic achievement. The results indicate that students with higher levels of engagement towards the use of the Cybertask to improve their acquisition of theoretical content and vocabulary showed higher academic achievement in their final exam.
Rutas de acceso al léxico en un entorno lexicográfico
Authors: Mairal-Usón Ricardo , Faber Pamela
Published: October 2023

Este trabajo examina algunos proyectos que ofrecen rutas de acceso al léxico innovadoras y que constituyen un primer paso hacia un diccionario más inteligente. Estos incluyen los diccionarios de colocaciones; aquellos que especifican las restricciones semánticas y léxicas entre un predicado y sus argumentos; aquellos que describen las propiedades lingüísticas de una entrada léxica en virtud de un marco o marcos;  incluso aquellos que proporcionan una organización conceptual del definiens, y no del definiendum. Sin duda alguna, la transformación digital, la Inteligencia Artificial, la minería de datos y textos y el aprendizaje automático de máquinas han abierto un nuevo abanico de posibilidades para el diseño de recursos lexicográficos que debería redundar en recursos más inteligentes y conectados. Se concluye el trabajo planteando algunas ideas, a modo de rasgos definitorios y con un carácter muy prospectivo, sobre lo que debería ser un diccionario digital inteligente o un diccionario 5.0.
The discourse markers indeed, in fact, really and actually and their Spanish equivalents in economy
Authors: Alonso Almeida Francisco , Álvarez-Gil Francisco J.
Published: October 2023

This article explores the translation procedures followed in the rendering of the adverbials indeed, in fact, really and actually in a parallel corpus of English texts and their Spanish counterparts in the field of economy. While the adverbials mentioned are all categorized as boosters according to Hyland’s classification of metadiscourse markers (2005) in the source corpus, their Spanish correspondents may fall within other such metadiscourse categories as attitude and hedging markers, for example. The study of these variants contributes to our understanding of the processes involved in the translation of these markers, which seem to correspond to an intention of the translators to provide adequate translated versions so that these texts read as naturally in the target language as possible. Our methodology of inquiry involves corpus linguistics tools in order to interrogate a parallel corpus and retrieve cases of the adverbials indeed, in fact, really and actually. Our approach to discourse markers includes Schiffrin (1987), Fraser (1996), Jucker & Ziv (1998), Aijmer (2002), and especially Buysse (2012), Ghezzi (2014), Carrió-Pastor (2016a, 2016b), and Furkó (2020). Our notion of metadiscourse follows Hyland (2005) from where we have also taken the taxonomy of metadiscourse markers used in the analysis of data to classify findings.  The identification and the classification of the translation procedures rely on Cruz-García (2014). Conclusions report on the most frequent translations procedures and the commonest Spanish forms used to translate the adverbial analysed, including their metadiscourse functions.
Imprecisiones terminológicas derivadas de la traducción en el ámbito de la lingüística forense
Authors: Ramírez Salado Mercedes
Published: October 2023

La lingüística forense, entendida en sentido estricto como la disciplina encargada del estudio del lenguaje probatorio o evidencial, se ocupa del análisis de aquellas pruebas relacionadas con el lenguaje que forman parte de una investigación legal o policial. Esta disciplina aplicada cuenta con un recorrido relativamente corto en el panorama científico, pues la propia aparición del término data de 1968, por lo que ciertos aspectos de la materia están aún en desarrollo o necesitan de mayor consolidación. En este sentido, uno de los problemas que hallamos se encuentra en su terminología, la cual no presenta el mismo estado de normalización ni las mismas dificultades en todas las lenguas. Concretamente, en este trabajo, nos centraremos en los problemas terminológicos que presenta la lingüística forense en nuestra lengua y que vienen derivados de cuestiones traductológicas.
Old English verbs of increasing: the semantics and syntax of change in size
Authors: Lacalle Palacios Miguel
Published: October 2023

This article aims at defining a class of Old English verbs of increasing based on both their common semantic components and grammatical behavior. On the theoretical side, the framework of verb classes and alternations is combined with Role and Reference Grammar. The data selected for this study have been extracted from both textual and lexicographical sources. After the analysis of the linking between syntax and semantics in this set of verbs, the conclusion is reached that āðindan, āweaxan, ēacan, (ge)ēacnian and (ge)weaxan are the best candidates for membership of the verbal class of increasing, considering the constructions and alternations that they present.
El sistema Wall Unit ideado por Konrad Wachsmann. La Movilidad de lo Secundario.
Authors: Peña Fernández-Serrano Martino
Published: October 2023

Entre 1944 y 45 desarrolla Konrad Wachsmann el sistema denominado Mobilar Structure, que posteriormente contrata la empresa Atlas Aircraft Corporation, la cual se dedica al desarrollo de aeroplanos tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial. El proyecto de Wachsmann se ocupa de los hangares de grandes dimensiones que a su vez deben estar soportadas por el mínimo número de elementos verticales para maximizar el movimiento de los aviones en el hangar. Estos primeros desarrollos de Wachsmann inauguran en la década de los cincuenta los entramados estructurales tridimensionales de grandes luces que terminan en la tipología denominada Megaestructura, de gran acogida en los grupos utópicos de los años sesenta. En este primer proyecto aparecen dos elementos de gran eficiencia proyectual; el nudo estructural y el cerramiento vertical móvil llamado Unit Wall. El primero ejemplifica la búsqueda del nudo universal en los entramados de barras. El segundo investiga sobre la flexibilidad, montaje y desmontaje, la plegabilidad y movilidad  de los artefactos. Se utilizan conceptos que durante la década de los sesenta serán recogidos por los grupos utópicos como Archigram y el GEAM o arquitectos como Cedric Price. A veces en lo secundario encontramos el germen de la recepción de las teorías y conceptos arquitectónicos.
The oscillation between “becoming-tool” and “becoming-prosthesis” in architectural designs
Authors: Asar Hande
Published: October 2023

This study explores the architectural design tools that have evolved through digital media in the postdigital era, which is evaluated through analog and digital hybridize. It raises the question of how the tool, as a mediator between the designer-subject and the designed-object in the architectural design process, can be re-examined in a hybrid design environment. The study proposes that what connects the designer-subject and the designed-object can be understood not only as a tool but also as a prosthesis. In this context, the “tool” in architectural design is described by the oscillation between the concepts of “becoming-tool” and “becomingprosthesis” and their impact on the designer-subject through bodily, cognitive, and consciousness extensions. The relations among the concepts are discussed by folding them on each other using the hermeneutic methodology.
Enclosed by images. Insights, relationships, and information
Authors: Alonso-García Eusebio , Rincón-Borrego Iván , Pérez-Barreiro Sara
Published: October 2023

Although we have always lived among images and information, cinema first and the development of new information and communication technologies second are producing changes in the perception of space and time that affect both architecture and the arts in general. Throughout the 20th century, modifications of our perceptual apparatus have been reflected in artistic practices in general, and architectural practices in particular, where multimedia supports and moving images are the substance and material of architecture. These supports are the substance with which some of the most recent architectural forms and volumes have been constructed or projected, and they are also the creators of new urban landscapes. By analyzing some formal codifications in the visual strategy of a limited number of film proposals, it is possible to identify key relationships between art, video art, and prominent examples of advanced architecture since the mid-20th century, whose corollary extends to more recent decades. This research allows us to outline an initial genealogy of artistic practices and experiences that span the last century, where the idea of experiencing architecture among images has become a central theme.
The original set designs for Bodas de sangre and Yerma: written and built spaces
Authors: Jara-Calabuig Aaron
Published: October 2023

Federico García Lorca (1898-1936) was one of the most influential writers of Spanish literature of the 20th century. His particular point of view, influenced by rural and urban experiences, inspired set designs with high aesthetic and compositional value. This research analyzes the original stagings of Bodas de sangre in the Teatro Beatriz (Madrid, 1933) and Yerma in the Teatro Español (Madrid, 1934). Compiling documentary material and preparing plans and technical models offer a complete view of each proposal, considering the design criteria and construction processes of those designs for which information is available today. Studying the set designers responsible for each project is also relevant. Manuel Fontanals, Santiago Ontañón, and Siegfried Burmann were leading figures in Spanish and foreign theatrical plastic art during the Second Spanish Republic and the following years. In summary, the study shows how the designs for each scenic space were created, analyzing both their compositional and technical details and the transformation process from the written space to the built one. After all, set design is a discipline belonging to ephemeral architecture, which aims to generate atmospheres and structures with a short useful life but with aesthetic, functional, and stability requirements.
Una aproximación contemporánea a la representación gráfica de la experiencia urbana
Authors: Vicente Gilabert Cristina , López Sánchez Marina , Linares Gómez del Pulgar Mercedes
Published: October 2023

En el complejo ámbito del análisis y la representación del fenómeno urbano, este texto aborda la evolución de aquellos trabajos que se ocupan específicamente de indagar en las relaciones que se establecen entre los individuos y la ciudad, centrando su atención en una de las líneas menos estudiadas: la representación cartográfica de los aspectos subjetivos, emocionales y perceptivos, ligados a la experiencia de recorrer y habitar un espacio urbano. La ciudad no puede considerarse como un espacio inocuo u objetivo, sino que, al contrario, siempre habrá un imaginario que la construye y acompaña. Este imaginario, que determina nuestra forma de percibirla, de estar y de movernos por ella, es fundamental para la comprensión integral de los procesos y las dinámicas urbanas. Y aproximarnos desde el análisis y la representación gráfica a esa relación dialéctica entre dimensión física y subjetiva de la ciudad, intangible en sí misma, es hoy posible gracias a los progresos teóricos y, sobre todo, tecnológicos. El objetivo de este texto es contextualizar este proceso presentando dos marcos de referencia: uno conceptual, ligado a la evolución del término de paisaje, y otro metodológico, centrado en presentar los avances técnicos que han resultado determinantes en la evolución de este tipo de representación. Se realiza un recorrido a través de experiencias cartográficas iniciadas en los años 60 hasta llegar a algunas de las líneas de investigación más innovadoras en este ámbito, como son el Biomapping, las cartografías en tiempo real o las cartografías inteligentes. El objetivo del artículo es reforzar y reivindicar la utilidad de la expresión gráfica como instrumento al servicio de la toma de decisiones urbanas y territoriales, poniendo de manifiesto su capacidad para la representación incluso de los datos más sensibles y complejos. A través de una visiónpanorámica de los avances logrados de las últimas décadas respecto a este tipo de cartografías, se ilustra el interesante espacio de convergencia que es posible delinear hoy entre los ámbitos tradicionalmente ligados con la expresión gráfica en Arquitectura y Urbanismo, y los nuevos escenarios de gestión y análisis de datos.
Investigación aplicada al ámbito de la expresión gráfica arquitectónica por medios digitales. Marco de referencia y hoja de ruta
Authors: Redondo Ernest
Published: October 2023

El abanico de Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones, (TIC) que se pueden integrar en el diseño arquitectónico, y sobre las que puede focalizarse nuestra investigación aplicada, se ha ampliado mucho en apenas 15 años, con nuevas tecnologías. Por todo ello nos enfrentamos a nuevos retos tales como la integración del BIM, del Big Data, la Realidad Virtual (VR), el Diseño Colaborativo, incluso la Inteligencia Artificial (IA). En este contexto reivindicamos la exploración de territorios de frontera entre las disciplinas arquitectónicas y TIC para ampliar horizontes. Esta propuesta de análisis del estado de la cuestión de la investigación TIC-AEC, parte de nuestra experiencia en la ETSAB-UPC, la cual tras incorporar las mismas de forma natural, ha ido evolucionado desde la expresión gráfica primigenia con sus diversas disciplinas clásicas, hacia un modelo más transversal del Digital-Urban Sketching, BIM+GIS, el Diseño Paramétrico, la Modelización virtual y Simulación visual en tiempo real. El nuevo horizonte es aproximarnos a la simulación del funcionamiento de la ciudad y los edificios, merced al trabajo multidisciplinar en colaboración con otros ámbitos como la Tecnología arquitectónica, los de la Ingeniería civil, la Geomática, el Urbanismo, los Proyectos arquitectónicos, en entornos virtuales e interactivos de BIMxD+BigData+Digital Twin.
Comentário de Tradução de um Excerto do Texto “As grandes vias fluviais de Sul América: Maravilhas do Continente”, de Rafael Reyes.
Authors: Soto Pablo Cardellino
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho documenta comentários referentes à tradução de um excerto do texto “Las grandes vías fluviales de Sud América: maravillas del continente” (As grandes vías fluviais de Sul América: maravilhas do continente), de Rafael Reyes, para o português. A tradução busca evidenciar o perfil ideológico do texto, eivado de valores de matriz eurocêntrica e reveladores do olhar capitalista do autor, que posteriormente viria se tornar presidente da República da Colômbia e vê a natureza exuberante da América como um recurso a ser explorado. A abordagem decolonial que atravessa a tradução proposta encontra sustento na proposta ética bermaniana (Berman, 2012) no que se refere à presença de identidades indígenas no texto, mas sem se furtar a uma postura domesticadora em relação à presença do Ocidente. O comentário conclui frisando o eco que o intento de Reyes encontrou na elite brasileira da época e as consequências desastrosas que sua jornada e a predação inerente ao projeto civilizatório ocidental teriam para os povos e a natureza da Amazônia.
Old Women under Investigation
Authors: Tal Guy
Published: October 2023

Is old age in a woman a sufficient characteristic by which one might know her for a witch? In the two works on paper examined in this chapter, the old witch’s identity and intentions remain intractable and inconclusive. In Enea Vico’s engraving after Parmigianino, the drab housewife dutifully plying her distaff appears devoid of any sorcerous traits, but a subtle aspect of the visual semantics at play in the image raises the suspicion that she might, after all, be a witch. In Leonello Spada’s sketch, the grotesque hag pouncing upon a terror-stricken young gallant from behind embodies the witch in both appearance and act, but the letter containing the sketch suggests that she is best identified as an apparitional hag.