bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Phenomenon of Religiosity in Kazakh Society: Religious Requests in a Secular State
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kusherbayeva Aliya , Alikbayeva Marzhan
Published: January 2025

Theoretically, in a secular state, the state is considered neutral from religion, religion from the state. According to the law, every citizen of the Republic of Kazakhstan is fully granted freedom of religion. Ethnic, religious is also prohibited. The purpose of this article is to identify the phenomenon of religion in Kazakhstan and a broad analysis of the concept of “secular” based on research works by various sci-entists. In addition, to comprehensively differentiate the consequences of the movement of the problem of religion in secular states and non-secular States. Research methodology-the scientific article widely uses the method of comparative studies as the main method as a result of the analysis of concepts and hypotheses about the concept of “secularization” by many well-known scientists and researchers who have conducted valuable research. The research discusses the opinions and research works of scientists who have comprehensively studied the concept of “secularization”. At the same time, there is clear evidence that the President of Kazakhstan, Kassym-Jomart Kemelevich Tokayev, is a state capable o f strengthening national dialogue on religious policy, and is a supporter of the concept of a “hearing state”. According to a study by the Russian State University “Scientific Research and Analytical Center on Religion” of the Committee on Religious Affairs of the Ministry of Religious Affairs and Civil Society of the Republic of Kazakhstan, sociological science has a typology developed on the basis of various foundations of secular and non-secular states.
The Modern Role of Kazakh Proverbs and Sayings in Communication: National Values and Philosophical Meaning
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Suleymanova Elmira , Rakhmetova Raigul
Published: January 2025

Language, as a complex system that preserves the history, culture, and worldview of a nation, holds a special place in modern communication. Therefore, studying the functional features of Kazakh prov-erbs and sayings in the context of contemporary interaction allows us to reveal their ethnolinguistic and linguocultural roles.This article examines the philosophical significance of Kazakh proverbs and sayings in national con-sciousness, linking it to their relevance in modern communication. Proverbs and sayings, as figurative reflections of national worldview, serve as an important tool for conveying social, ethical, and moral values, spiritual heritage, and the system of relationships between individuals and society. The study analyzes proverbs and sayings related to concepts such as homeland, family, nature, labor, time, and moral values, identifying their role and influence in contemporary social and cultural discourse.The purpose of the study is to determine the role of Kazakh proverbs and sayings in modern com-munication and analyze their philosophical content and values that reflect national consciousness.To achieve the research objectives, linguocultural and descriptive-analytical methods were applied. As a result, the potential of Kazakh proverbs and sayings in preserving societal values and transmitting them to future generations was revealed.
ENHANCING ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING THROUGH INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES: THE POWER OF SCRIPT-BASED AND IMPROVISATIONAL DRAMA
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kenzhekanova Kuralay , Kapanova Dameli
Published: January 2025

The article explores the integration of innovative pedagogical methods in teaching English as a sec-ond language, focusing on the implementation of script-based and improvisational drama techniques. Developed by Muhammet Çağrı Güzel at the University of California, the USA these methods aim to enhance learners’ oral proficiency, motivation, and creativity. The study outlines techniques such as the “Hotline”, “Yes, and”, “Object + Yes, and”, and the “PechaKucha” presentation format, which foster active participation, critical thinking, and spontaneous communication. By incorporating these dynamic strategies, students engage in real-life conversational scenarios, develop their language fluency, and strengthen their non-verbal communication skills. Additionally, the use of customized tongue twisters helps to improve pronunciation, addressing specific phonetic challenges faced by learners from differ-ent linguistic backgrounds. The findings suggest that these drama-based approaches create a supportive and stimulating environment, leading to significant improvements in students’ confidence, collaborative skills, and language proficiency. This study highlights the importance of creativity and interaction in language learning, proposing these innovative techniques as effective tools for modern English language education.
Experiments on elementary particle physics at electron-positron colliders at the INP SB RAS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Shwartz Boris
Published: January 2025

The article was prepared based on the materials of the report at the seminar of the Institute of Nu-clear Physics of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, held on 05/28/2024. The article describes experiments on INP installations with oncoming electron-positron beams. Facilities with colliding beams (colliders) are cur-rently one of the main tools in experimental high-energy physics. The first such installations appeared in the early 60s of the last century and the INP was a pioneer in this field. In 1967, the first results of the INP study of the production of hadrons in electron-positron annihilation at the world’s first e+e collider VEPP-2 were published. Currently, there are four e+e colliders in the world, two of which, VEPP-2000 with a beam energy of up to 1 GeV and VEPP-4M with an energy of up to 6 GeV, operate in the INP. The article describes experiments at these colliders, the main goals and motivation of these studies. In-stallations with oncoming electron-positron beams are currently one of the main tools in experimental high-energy physics that allow obtaining accurate data on the parameters and interaction of hadrons and leptons.
Development of an Instrument for Assessing the Effectiveness of Adolescents' Experimental Activity Based on Solving Physics-Oriented Tasks
Authors:   Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia, Adamsky Alexander ,   Institute for Problems of Educational Policy “Evrika”, Moscow, Russia, Kolachev Nikita ,   HSE University, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

This article focuses on addressing the problem of enhancing the effectiveness of natural science education in schools, particularly in physics, by applying the principle of problem-based learning and designing lessons centered on experimental activity. The foundational unit of this model is a student's action that is motivated, deliberate, and aimed at attempting to solve a task, exploring solutions, and engaging in reflection and generalization of goal-directed actions. However, assessing the effectiveness of such actions requires high-quality research instruments capable of collecting reliable data. To address this challenge, we developed an assessment instrument and empirically tested some psychometric requirements. We hypothesized that the key requirements for such an instrument are: (1) alignment with the structure of activity; (2) multifunctionality and robustness against changes in the evaluator. These requirements were formulated by the authors based on V.V. Davydov's theory of learning activity and the theory of psycho-pedagogical measurement. Data collection was conducted through non-participant observation, with student activity evaluated by independent experts—assessors—using audio and video recordings of experimental lessons in three schools in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. The validation of the instrument's requirements was carried out through the analysis of expert judgments and the application of consistency metrics, such as the proportion of matching results and Kendall's nonparametric concordance coefficient. The analysis of the collected data demonstrated that: (a) the developed instrument effectively captures actions related to task-solving in accordance with the theoretical model; (b) the assessments by independent observers yielded similar results, as reflected in acceptable consistency metrics for their evaluations.
СТРУКТУРНО-ПРОСТОРОВА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ: ПОЛЬСЬКИЙ ДОСВІД У КОНТЕКСТІ РЕЛЕВАНТНОСТІ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Іщук Світлана , Созанський Любомир
Published: January 2025

In the conditions of the strengthening of the European integration processes and prospective membership of Ukraine in the EU, the experience of the member states of the latter in the development of national economies acquires special importance. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the structural and spatial transformation of Poland's economy after joining the EU from the perspective of experience for Ukraine. The results of the conducted research revealed that Poland is characterized by a significant unevenness of spatial economic development, which was not overcome, but on the contrary - intensified during the period of this country's membership in the EU. In particular, in 2021, the Masovian Voivodeship accounted for 22.6% (against 17.4% in 2003) of GVA of agriculture, 15.6% (against 14.9%) of industry, 20.6% (against 15.7 %) of construction, 25.7% (against 22.9%) of the service sector. In 4 voivodeships (Wielkopolska, Mazovia, Lower Silesia and Silesia) more than 50% of GVA of Polish industry, construction and services, as well as more than 40% of GVA of agriculture, are produced. During the analyzed period (2003-2021), differences between Polish voivodships in terms of labor productivity in agriculture tended to decrease, but remained very significant, while in industry these differences slightly increased, and in the service sector they were stable and relatively small. At the same time, the structural transformation of the Polish economy took place in the direction of the development of sectors with higher labor productivity, i.e. those that provide a higher level of GVA and its dynamics. It is about the transfer of human capital from agriculture to industry (in particular processing), construction and certain segments of the service sector, primarily financial. However, heterogeneous structural economic transformations in the regions caused the deepening of spatial divergence in the Polish economy. Based on the Polish experience, in order to avoid the "middle income trap", the management of the spatial development of Ukraine's economy should not be based on the principles of supporting the weak (segments or enterprises) and not even on the selection of leaders, but on the optimization of all promising opportunities of the region/territory.
УПРАВЛІНСЬКІ РЕФОРМИ ПЕРШОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХІХ СТОЛІТТЯ У НАУКОВИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯХ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ВЧЕНИХ
Authors: Кутузов Руслан , Дацюк-Томчук Марія
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Administrative reforms of the first half of the 19th century in the scientific research of Ukrainian scientists are important studies for the development of economic theory on the territory of Ukraine. After all, one of the many possible ways of creating the history of Ukrainian management thought is a thorough study of the theoretical and practical contribution of outstanding scientists and personalities to the business of reforming management.
Purpose: to reveal the main trends in the formation of management opinion in Ukraine using the example of the analysis of management reforms and scientific works of Ukrainian scientists. To determine the main trends in the formation of management opinion in Ukraine in the first half of the 19th century.
Methods. The following methods were used in the course of this research: information collection, applied research (aimed at obtaining and using the data obtained for practical purposes in the study of the discipline “Economic Theory (micro- and macroeconomics), generalization and comparison, analysis (substantiation of reform projects in the field of economy, finance, legislation, by prominent Ukrainian scientists and statesmen of the nineteenth century).
Results. This research article summarizes methodological approaches to management reforms in the research of Ukrainian scientists. They are analyzed from the standpoint of substantiation of reform projects in the field of economics, finance, and legislation by prominent Ukrainian scientists and statesmen: V. N. Karazin (1773-1842), M. H. Bunge (1823-1895), M. A. Baludiansky (1769-1847), T. F. Stepanov (1795-1847), D. P. Zhuravsky (1810-1856), and others.
Conclusions. Particular attention is paid to the views of scientists and the role of the state in the economy and reforms. Thus, in the first half of the 19th century, domestic scholars took an active part in the development of management issues. However, as in the world thought, these developments did not form an independent branch of knowledge, which later became known as management. This research summarizes the main provisions of the scientific views of the leading representatives of Ukrainian management thought of the first half of the 19th century.
Presentación del número 22.2
Authors: Robles Ruiz Ana Alejandra
Published: January 2025

El número de LiminaR. Estudios Sociales y Humanísticos correspondiente a julio-diciembre de 2024, cierra con un total de cinco artículos, dos documentos y dos reseñas. A sus ojos, lectores, llega un producto redondo, concluido y, en esta ocasión, más breve de lo usual; pero aprovecho para compartirles que, detrás de ostensible, hubo mucho trabajo y cuidado para que de las más de 30 propuestas que se sometieron a evaluación por pares académicos ciegos, se publicaran las que los expertos consideraron que suman sustancialmente al conocimiento de los fenómenos sociales y humanísticos del –preferentemente– sur de México y Centroamérica. En ese sentido, el equipo editorial de la revista espera que en este número encuentren investigaciones de calidad, que sugieran hipótesis y soluciones a las múltiples problemáticas sociales, epistemológicas y humanas actuales, y que brinden la oportunidad de abrir discusiones que amplíen nuestros horizontes.
Linking Corporate Governance With Investment Growth: Evidence From General Shariah Insurance in Indonesia
Authors: Herawati Mesi
Published: January 2025

Purpose: This study aims to examine the role of good corporate governance on investment growth in sharia general insurance companies in Indonesia. This study is motivated by the low return on investment made in sharia general insurance in Indonesia.Design/Method/Approach : This research is a quantitative research with multiple regression analysis method using eviews. The variables in this study consist of one dependent variable and three independent variables. The data used in this study is time series data starting from 2028 to 2019, the sample selection in this study uses a purposive sampling technique consisting of 102 samples.Findings: The results of the study indicate that the board of directors variable (X1) has a significant effect on investment growth, with a calculated t value of 3.533585 greater than the t table of 1.983971519 and a probability value of 0.0006 which is smaller than 0.05. On the other hand, the independent board of commissioners variable (X2) and company size (X3) do not have a significant effect on investment growth. The independent board of commissioners variable has a calculated t value of -0.886408 smaller than the t table and a probability value of 0.3776> 0.05, while the company size variable has a calculated t value of -0.451771 smaller than the t table and a probability value of 0.6524> 0.05.Originality/Values: This research provides a major contribution regarding the importance of implementing good corporate governance and its relationship to investment growth.
The Role of Student Organizational Involvement in Shaping Digital Entrepreneurial Intentions
Authors: Salsabil Syifa Hanifa
Published: January 2025

Purpose:Â The study investigates the role that involvement of students in university organizations plays concerning digital entrepreneurial intention among the university students during the digital economy era. The study seeks to understand organizational participation in shaping entrepreneurial skills and mindset among the students.Â Method:Â The study design is quantitative in nature. The research sampled 69 computer science students. Analysis uses the TPB, utilizing regression and structural equation modeling to quantify the relationship of student organizational involvement with factors like attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and self-efficacy, added factors namely innovativeness and digital entrepreneurial education.Â Findings:Â Results showed that while self-efficacy and student organizational involvement proved to be significant predictors of digital entrepreneurial intention, attitudes, innovativeness, and subjective norms were not. That could suggest a process of developing digital entrepreneurial intentions, which may place more importance on the confidence in one's abilities and active participation in organizations rather than general attitudes or social pressures from the outside.Â Â Originality:Â Unique in its focus on the nexus between student organizational involvement and digital entrepreneurship, this study offers new insights into how universities can foster digital entrepreneurial intentions by enhancing the students' self-efficacy and fostering active engagement in student organizations.
The Effect of Routine Recitation on The Self Healing Ability of Jama'ah in Bandar Klippa Village
Authors: Aziz Amirul , Surya Maulana Andi
Published: January 2025

This research is motivated by daily problems experienced by the community such as stress, anxiety, and depression which are feared to become serious problems if not addressed properly. Therefore, the ability to overcome this is needed, such as self-healing therapy with a religious approach through routine recitation activities. The purpose of this study is to see the effect of routine recitation activities on the self- healing ability of the congregation. This study uses a quantitative method of descriptive correlation. The population of this study was the recitation congregation at the Umar Bin Abdul Aziz mosque, totaling 80 people, the sample was 40 people who were determined by the Slovin formula and selected based on purposive sampling technique. The instrument used was a questionnaire distributed after the congregation finished attending the recitation and in-depth Interviews with several worshipers. Data analysis using IBM SPSS statistical software using simple regression analysis techniques. The results showed that the congregation became calmer and could reduce the level of stress they experienced by being pleased with Allah's decree, smiling, being grateful, praying, thinking positively (husnudzon) and being patient. Thus, it is hoped that every community will participate in recitation activities in order to add insight and train self-healing abilities.
Water consumption of a Paulownia plantation in an arid climate in Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia
Authors: Thevs Niels , Aliev Kumar ,   World Agroforestry, Toktogul Street 141, Bishkek, 720001, Kyrgyzstan, Baier Clara
Published: January 2025

Recently, Paulownia spec. has been introduced to Central Asia in a number of small plantations. Paulownia yields timber of high quality for applications such as furniture, house construction, boat construction, and surf boards, or skis. Thus, Paulownia might offer a much-needed raw material for this region and beyond. However, Central Asia is largely occupied by drylands so that Paulownia needs irrigation. Against the background of frequent water stress across the region, this study aimed at assessing the water consumption and water productivity of that tree, using a 6-year-old plantation as study site. Trees were planted in May 2017 and cut back to their stumps in 2018. Daily crop evapotranspiration was calculated after the Penman-Monteith approach, whereby the crop coefficients were inherited from actual evapotranspiration values which stemmed from the remote sensing approach S-SEBI. Water consumption per tree was 1741 l, 4461 l, 4500 l, and 4407 l over the growing seasons 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. The water productivity for the stem wood over the whole time-span from planting in 2017 until 2023 was 1.59 g l-1 and 5.65 ml l-1. Given the high quality of its timber and its range of high-value applications, it can be concluded that the water consumed by Paulownia enables higher value timber and timber products than other trees that grow in comparable areas of Central Asia.
Intra- and Inter-specific Genetic Diversity in Grain Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)
Authors:   Department of Plant Breeding and Genetic, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi-834 006, Jharkhand, India, Lal Mahto Jay
Published: January 2025

Extent and magnitude of genetic divergence for seven characters among thirty-three genotypes of grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) were determined for the purpose of identifying more diverse parents, which are expected to create maximum variability. The highest genetic contribution towards diversity was made by number of branches (21.9697). Contribution of canonical roots in per cent in first four vectors was 46.611, 24.320, 12.077, 6.771 and total 89.779, respectively. Based on genetic divergence D2 statistics, genotypes were grouped into 16 clusters in which cluster I (BGA 9, BGA 20, BGA 14 and BGA 11) and cluster XI (RMA 42, RMA 43, BGA 4 and SKNA 809) contained maximum number of four genotypes, Cluster II, III, IV, V, VIII, IX, XIII, XIV and XVI (2 in each case), 3 genotypes in cluster VII (RMA 45, BGA 21 and IC 35482) and Cluster VI (SKNA 403), X (Suvarna), XII (SKNA 401) and XV (GA 2) have one genotypes. The clustering pattern revealed that there was no relationship between genetic divergence and eco-geographical region. Intra cluster values ranged from 0.00 to 23.196 and cluster XIII was the most diverse group. The inter cluster values ranged from 20.3 to 26809. Maximum divergence was noticed between clusters III (AmbikaGA12-1 and KBJ3) and XII (SKNA401) (26809) followed by clusters X (Suvarna) and XVI (AmbikaGA12-2 and BGA 2) (20017) and clusters III (AmbikaGA12-1 and KBJ3) and X (Suvarna) (15031). The diverse clusters derived could be used in hybridization programmes to generate wide range of transgressive segregants to develop high yielding grain amaranth varieties.
Lung cancer in females: Military cancer center experience in Jordan
Authors: Mohammad Subhi Al-Saudi  , Hashem Sami Alnajdawi  , Layth Hamdan Zraygat  , Hasan Hashem Al Abdallat  , Osamah Yousef Althalge  , Yasmin Mahmoud Alsaidat
Published: January 2025

Objective: to evaluate the clinical properties, pathological properties and the survival data for 80 lung cancer female patients who were managed in our center.

Methods: this retrospective study included 80 female patients with lung cancer that were treated in The Military Cancer Center of the Jordanian Royal Medical services between January 2022 and January 2024, the patients pathological, clinical and survival data will be reviewed and analyzed.

Results: group age was between 41 to 82 years (mean of 60.18 ± 11.72). 82.5% of patients were diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 17.5% of patients had small cell lung cancer (SCLC), 30% of patients were smokers. Significant weight loss was observed in 40% of patients. Comorbidity was present in 43.75% of patients with hypertension being the most common one 36.25%. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histological subtype 56%. The one-year survival rate was 70% and the two-year survival rate was 37.5%.

Conclusion: our study showed that advanced stage, weight loss, poor ECOG score and NSCLC subtype were a main prognostic factors in females with lung cancer in Jordan.
The model of formation of professional reliability of cadets of aviation military universities
Authors: Markina Tatyana Vladimirovna
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study is to develop a model for the formation of professional reliability of cadets of aviation military universities. The article considers pedagogical modeling as a means of creating structured ideas about the formation of professional reliability among cadets in the educational process of an aviation military university. In conditions of high responsibility and risk, it is necessary to develop stable qualities in future officers that contribute to their successful professional activities, including in special flight situations, which is an important aspect of training, since flight safety and successful performance of official tasks depend on it. The author suggests a structural and functional model consisting of four components: motivational-predictive, methodological, technological and performance-evaluation, presented in the form of blocks. Each block covers important aspects of the process of forming the professional reliability of cadets. The blocks include planning, selection of strategies and methods, as well as diagnosis and evaluation of results. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the author has for the first time developed a pedagogical model for the formation of professional reliability of cadets of aviation military universities, which reflects the methodological, structural, technological and evaluative capabilities of the phenomenon under consideration. As a result of the research, the concept of "professional reliability of cadets of aviation military universities" is defined; the potential of the educational environment of a military university is revealed; the essence of the modeling process is determined; the available pedagogical models are analyzed, and a model for the formation of professional reliability of cadets of aviation military universities is presented. The article emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach to the training of flight specialists, taking into account modern requirements for military education and the specifics of the aviation field.
Development of critical thinking of agricultural university students in the process of learning foreign languages
Authors: Novikova Ludmila Anatolyevna
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for students of an agricultural university to develop critical thinking skills in the process of teaching foreign languages. The article analyzes the main theoretical approaches to understanding critical thinking as a fundamental phenomenon for the development of universal and professional competencies of future specialists in philosophy, psychology, and pedagogy; identifies the main components in the structure of critical thinking of university students. The author highlights the knowledge and skills that are important for the development of this phenomenon in the process of teaching foreign languages, namely, the skills of analysis, synthesis, and argumentation. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of a methodology for the development of students’ critical thinking skills in teaching a foreign language at an agricultural university, taking into account the identified methodological conditions: the use of educational and professional tasks, problematic situations in a professional context; a consistent transition in the process of foreign language learning from techniques and tasks for the development of analysis skills to the development of synthesis and argumentation skills; reporting the individual intellectual abilities of the student, as well as the characteristics of the modern digital generation of students. As a result, pedagogical scenarios have been developed for the organization of students’ learning activities in a foreign language, contributing to the development of critical thinking skills of students of an agrarian university in teaching a foreign language.
Lexicographic representation of the terms “text” and “discourse”
Authors: Goncharova Victoria Vladimirovna
Published: January 2025

The purpose of the study is a comprehensive presentation of the modern lexicographic scientific representation of the terms “discourse” and “text” in dictionary works reflecting linguistic terminology published in the Russian Federation at the end of the 20th – 21st centuries. Close attention is paid to identifying bibliographic article-by-article lists in dictionary entries. The paper provides a comparative analysis of lexicographic texts, which includes consideration of not only the definitions of the terms “discourse” and “text”, but also the definition of the specificity of dictionary entries in general, for example, an increased information level presented in various types of secondary information (review, bibliographic list, etc.). The frequency of inclusion of etymological reference and translation into other languages are determined. The scientific novelty of the research consists in a comprehensive review of dictionary entries devoted to these terms and a schematic visualization of scientific knowledge fixed lexicographically. As a result, it is proved that the conducted analysis indicates a multifaceted and continuous scientific understanding of these terms by scientists.
Normal Electrochemical Deposition NiFe: Experiments And Theory
Authors:   Dmitrievich
Published: January 2025

Due to heating of the electrolyte is an excluded abnormal co-deposition alloy components and reduced variation of process parameters to achieve optimal magnetic properties Ni81Fe19 films of magnetic field concentrators. Proposed chloride electrolyte pH adjusted with hydrochloric acid, which provides congruent electrochemical deposition of perm alloy at heating and stirring. Magnetic properties of perm alloy films are very sensitive to the variation of component relationships of 4.26. Control of accuracy of preparation of chloride electrolyte for electrochemical deposition of Ni, Fe conducted using spectrophotometry. It is shown that the selection process of cooking the electrolyte for electrodeposition of Ni81Fe19 alloy and temperature allow to get normal, congruent electrochemical deposition of perm alloy films. It has been established that the anomalous character of perm alloy deposition associated with the main feature of iron ions-the existence of variable Valence iron with two or three values in the charge of ions during the hydrolysis of iron salts
The Structure and Correlates of Societal Threat Perceptions: A Network Approach
Authors: Bomm Linda , Schumacher Gijs , Hopp Frederic , Bakker Bert N.
Published: January 2025

Societal threats such as climate change, economic crises, and wars shape citizens’ political attitudes and behaviors. Yet, the structure of threat perceptions and their socio-demographic and ideological correlates remain underexplored. Using a six-wave Dutch survey (N = 685) and a network approach, we uncover the complexity of societal threat perceptions. First, we show that societal threat perceptions vary in their interconnectedness, with security threats as crime, the war in Ukraine, and asylum seekers emerging as central nodes. Second, ideology, age, and education are the most relevant variables linked to societal threat perceptions. Third, we replicate the structure of societal threat perceptions over time, highlighting the robustness of our conclusions. Our results reveal that societal threat perceptions form a stable and complex network, offering insights into how citizens process and respond to societal challenges. Future research should examine how contextual factors and interventions may reshape these networks.
APPLICATION OF MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS TO DETECT HIDDEN CYBER THREATS ON ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Drohobych, Ukraine, HILGURT Serhii ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of the NAS of Ukraine, KOVYLIN Anton ,   G.E. Pukhov Institute for Modelling in Energy Engineering of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: January 2025

The peculiarities of the tasks of cyber security of energy infrastructure objects and their differences from security
tasks in information and communication systems force developers to use artificial intelligence and machine
learning (ML) methods. The article provides a comparative analysis of several methods of using ML to detect
anomalies in the systems of critical infrastructure facilities. To do this, the most promising ML algorithms were
analyzed, comparison criteria were determined, and software development tools were considered. The public
Incribo dataset was chosen for testing. Computations were made; quantitative indicators of speed and accuracy of
anomaly detection by ML algorithms were obtained. The results of the research show that the use of machine
learning algorithms expands the capabilities of data analysts and computer system security specialists, and can be
effectively used to detect hidden cyber threats at energy infrastructure facilities.
The conducted comparative analysis of a dozen machine learning algorithms using the public Incribo data set made
it possible to identify the most promising of them for detecting anomalies in input data. The accuracy and speed
characteristics obtained for different models made it possible to single out the algorithms most suitable for different
conditions of use in information protection systems. For cases where high data processing speed is required, the
K-Means and Isolation Forest methods proved to be more acceptable, and for less time-critical applications, the
more accurate One-Class SVM, LSTM, and GRU algorithms are effective.
In further research, it is planned to carry out experiments with finer settings of the studied algorithms in order to
further improve the achieved indicators. To increase the accuracy of detecting anomalies, it is possible to use
ensemble methods that combine several models of different nature. Several other public datasets are also expected
to be used.
Serum Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) As A Marker of Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Abozeid Fatma
Published: January 2025

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease of activity and remission. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2), the coding gene for NGAL is one of the most over-expressed genes in the colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis (UC) and crohn’s disease (CD). In our research we investigated the utility of serum level of Lipocalin 2 in assessing the activity of IBD.

This was a single center case control study. It was conducted on 60 IBD patients, 50% (30 patients) were in remission and 50% were active. There were 28 healthy controls. Patients with IBD either UC or CD were enrolled from IBD clinic Mansoura specialized medical Hospital, Egypt.

All patients and control group were subjected to investigations including complete blood count (CBC), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) by ELISA. Patients only were subjected to fecal calprotectin besides sigmoidoscopy or ileo-colonoscopy. The activity of IBD was assessed for UC by MAYO score and CD by CDAI.

NGAL showed significant increase among active IBD patients by mean ± SD ng/ml (37.04 ± 9.63) than patients in remission (20.65 ± 4.35). It showed highly significant correlation with clinical and endoscopic activity of IBD r = 0.80, P < 0.0001. Serum NGAL can easily discriminate patients with active IBD from healthy controls with AUC 95% C.I = 1.00 (0.94-1.0), at the cutoff 18.52, P < 0.0001, with sensitivity 100% and specificity 100%. While AUC of NGAL which can discriminate patients with active IBD and those in remission at the cutoff 26.95 was 0.97, P < 0.0001, with sensitivity 93.3% and specificity 93.3%.

In relation to fecal calprotectin, there was highly significant correlation between fecal calprotectin and serum NGAL (r = 0.69, P < 0.0001). Both CRP and ESR were positively correlated to NGAL by r = 0.38 and r = 0.29 (P < 0.05) respectively.

Serum NGAL can easily discriminate patients with active IBD from healthy controls as well as among patients in active or remission of IBD. NGAL in comparison to other markers as fecal calprotectin or CRP or ESR shows better statistical performance for activity of IBD. This clarifies its ability to be a highly significant predictor of activity of IBD besides its lower cost.
Catheter Guided Central Venous Ultrasound in Pediatric Patients: Experience in A Hospital of Second Level in Mexico
Authors: Natarén Cigarroa Eliazib
Published: January 2025

Objective: To compare the number of attempts, procedure time and complications in pediatric patients at the Dr. Jesús Gilberto Gómez Maza hospital in two groups with an indication for the installation of a central venous catheter (CVC).

Methodology: Randomized clinical trial at the Hospital Dr. Jesús Gilberto Gómez Maza, from southeastern Mexico; in the Pediatrics service, which includes pediatric emergency room, pediatric intensive care unit, pediatric hospitalization and operating room for all pediatric patients aged 1 month to 15 years with 11 months hospitalized during the period January 1, 2017 to December 31 of 2018 that required the installation of a CVC with a blind technique versus the ultrasound-guided technique.

Results: A total of 585 patients with indication for CVC installation were included, with distribution of 248 women (42.4%) and 337 men (57.6%), the highest frequency being in the pediatric emergency service, with 388 patients (66.3%), followed by pediatrics with 94 (16.1%). In 471 patients a central and femoral insertion catheter was used (80.5%) and in 114, a peripheral insertion central catheter was used (19.5%). Of the 585 patients, in 448 in cases, the CVC was installed with a blind technique (76.6%) and 137 guided by ultrasound (23.4%) Complications (hematoma, hemorrhage, hemothorax, hydrothorax, catheter material failure, misplacing, multipuncture, arterial puncture, stenosed vein and Venodisection) observed with the blind technique, 107 (23.8%) were recorded and with the ultrasound-guided technique, 9 (6.5%). Of the 137 patients with ultrasound-guided CVC, 92 the procedure time took between 10 to 20 minutes ( 67.1%), and with blind technique, 326 (72.7%) the ti me of hard procedure between 21 and 60 minutes. Regarding the number of punctures, it was observed that the proportions were similar, in the sense that the majority received 1 to 2 punctures for the ultrasound-guided technique (91%), and the blind technique (88.1%).

Conclusions: The insertion of the ultrasound-guided central venous catheter in pediatric patients is an effective and safe technique, with which complications and time during the procedure are significantly reduced.
Educación superior, inteligencia artificial y transformación digital en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Valentini Arianna
Published: January 2025

La transformación digital en la educación superior (TDES) en América Latina y el Caribe enfrenta desafíos significativos, incluidos la falta de infraestructura, las brechas de conectividad y las competencias digitales limitadas en la comunidad educativa. Este artículo explora cómo la inteligencia artificial (IA), en particular la IA generativa, puede ser integrada como parte de la TDES, destacando el papel de las instituciones de educación superior (IES) en este proceso. Se analizan estudios recientes de Unesco IESALC y Cepal, que identifican factores habilitantes clave, como la conectividad, el desarrollo del talento humano y la alfabetización en IA, todas esenciales para garantizar un impacto sostenible. Finalmente, el artículo propone recomendaciones para abordar las brechas existentes, incluyendo el desarrollo de políticas públicas, marcos de competencias en IA y estrategias para fomentar la equidad en la adopción de estas tecnologías emergentes. Este enfoque busca posicionar a las IES como motores de cambio en la región, promoviendo una transformación digital ética, inclusiva y efectiva.
Advancing Accessibility and Social Inclusion through Generative AI and Machine Learning-Powered Multi-Modality on Mobile Platforms
Authors: Waseem Syed
Published: January 2025

The advent of generative AI-powered multi-modality on mobile platforms is transforming how devices function as empowering tools, facilitating inclusive and accessible experiences for diverse populations. By integrating voice, text, and image interactions with advanced AI technologies such as Whisper, Gemini, alongside mobile-specific frameworks, multi-modality addresses significant accessibility challenges in mobile computing. This integration enables features like voice-to-text conversion, image-based form filling, and contextual conversation summarization, which enhance usability for individuals with disabilities, non-native speakers, and those managing complex digital workflows. Although acknowledging several advancements, the article also addresses challenges such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, and unequal distribution of AI technologies, exploring both societal and technical difficulties in their equitable deployment. Additionally, it discusses multi-modality application and benefits across healthcare, education, and public services, calling for a collaborative and inclusive approach in technology development to ensure that innovations benefit all users. This analysis highlights how generative AI and multi-modality are key to advancing digital inclusivity on mobile platforms.
STRATEGY OF DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES UNDER THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY IN UKRAINE
Authors:   State University "Kyiv Aviation Institute", Arefeva Olena , Onopriіenko Dmytro ,   State University "Kyiv Aviation Institute"
Published: January 2025

The article analyzes the state of the circular economy in Ukraine. The main reasons to the development of a closed-cycle economy in our country are: resource limitations, technological development, socio-economic development, the need to preserve the environment through the wide implementation of closed-cycle technologies, the need for the formation of a circular economy as a necessary business model for the sustainable development of enterprises in modern conditions. Today, there is a need to achieve such a degree of circularization of the Ukrainian economy that would ensure a distinction between economic growth and pressure on the environment. At the same time, the circular economy in Ukraine is only at the initial stage of its development. Despite the program documents and laws that have been developed and adopted, Ukraine has not yet created the appropriate conditions for its development. insufficient level of innovation in the Ukrainian economy, inconsistency of regulatory acts. The main obstacles to the development of the circular economy are the following: low level of environmental tax; current public procurement practices; non-transparency of the recyclable materials market; imperfect tariff policy of the state; excessively high prices for transporting raw materials for recycling; imperfect collection and sorting structure for recycling materials; high initial investment costs in the absence of state support for eco-business; insufficient level of innovation in the Ukrainian economy; and inadequate regulatory and. The authors prove that the main stimulators and, at the same time, possible disincentives for the development of the circular economy are the cost of credit resources, the taxation system, the level and direction of budget expenditures. The study also examines the tools, strategies and business technologies used by agricultural enterprises to circulate their activities and substantiates the mechanisms of state incentives for the strategic development of enterprises in a circular economy. The main areas for regulating the development of the circular economy in Ukraine should include: the formation and harmonisation of the legal and regulatory framework for waste management with European legislation; transformation of the public procurement system; and financing of waste recycling and disposal projects at the national and regional levels.
THE ROLE OF THE IT SECTOR AS A DRIVER OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES’ COMPETITIVENESS IN UKRAINE
Authors:   State Tax University, Khanenko Mykhailo
Published: January 2025

This article explores the role of the IT sector as a driver of increasing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises in Ukraine. The author emphasizes the importance of integrating information technologies into production processes to enable enterprises to adapt to the conditions of global competition and technological change. The current state of IT sector development in Ukraine, its advantages, and its challenges are examined. Key aspects of IT’s impact on productivity, innovation activity, and efficiency of industrial enterprises are analyzed, as well as the main obstacles to technology implementation. The paper also presents practical recommendations for improving the implementation of IT technologies in the industrial sector. Specifically, it proposes measures for government support, investment in the training of qualified personnel, stimulation of international cooperation, and the creation of innovation hubs for industrial enterprises. The article highlights the need for the development of national digitalization strategies, enabling industrial enterprises to more effectively utilize IT solutions to enhance competitiveness and access new markets. Further research may focus on the analysis of specific IT solutions and their impact on the productivity of various industrial sectors, as well as the adaptation of international digitalization experiences to Ukrainian conditions. In addition, the article underscores the importance of creating favorable conditions for investment in the IT sector to support long-term industrial growth. It advocates for policies aimed at reducing regulatory barriers, which could accelerate IT adoption and innovation across Ukraine's industrial landscape. By addressing these key areas, the Ukrainian IT sector is positioned not only to enhance local industrial performance but also to drive international competitiveness, establishing a robust foundation for sustained economic development. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the potential role of public-private partnerships as a catalyst for digital transformation in the industrial sector. These collaborations could facilitate the adoption of cutting-edge technologies, such as artificial intelligence and big data analytics, thus enabling enterprises to make data-driven decisions, optimize operational efficiency, and improve product quality. By fostering innovation and enhancing resource allocation, the Ukrainian IT sector can play a crucial role in creating a resilient, adaptable industrial base capable of meeting global market demands.