bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Price-based D2D Resource Allocation Scheme in Smart Manufacturing Scenarios
Authors: Li Shiyong , Zhang Xiaofeng , Liu Huan , Sun Wei
Published: October 2023

Smart Manufacturing has become a popular topic due to the growth of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud Manufacturing, which is driving traditional manufacturing companies to migrate towards digitization and intelligence. Device to Device (D2D) facilitates communication between terminal devices and improves output and operational efficiency. Firstly, by using the utility theory of microeconomics, this paper constructs a novel utility-oriented resource allocation model and addresses the resource allocation problem for D2D communication. This paper also proposes an interesting price-based resource allocation scheme along with an improved gradient descent method and proves the stability of the price-based resource allocation technique based on the Lyapunov stability theory. The simulation results demonstrate that the two proposed algorithms can achieve the equilibrium which is also the optimum of the resource allocation model, and that the gradient descent method is outperformed by the price-based mechanism method in terms of stability and convergence speed.
Cancer-derived exosomal circTMEM56 sensitize HCC radiotherapy by augment cGAS-STING pathway in dendritic cells
Authors: Ke Ai-Wu , Gao Chao , Wang Si-Wei , Zheng Yi-Min , Lu Jia-Cheng , Huang Xiao-Yong , Zhou Jian , Fan Jia , Zeng Zhao-Chong , Du Shi-Suo , Zhang Peng-fei
Published: October 2023

Background：Dysregulation of circRNAs in cancer cells can deregulate host immune surveillance, however, their roles and mechanisms of radiotherapy (RT)-induced immune effects remain elusive.
Method：By comparing tissues and serum from patients with and without abscopal effect (AE) after RT, we reported hsa_circ_0005720 (circTMEM56) was elevated in patients with AE, and circTMEM56 level related to the survival and recurrence of HCC patients. Using cells and mice with cGAS or Sting deficiency, we demonstrated that exosomal circTMEM56 level was positively associated with response to RT and promoted dendritic cell (DC) proliferation and augmented type I interferons (IFN-I) secretion.
Results: Mechanistically, circTMEM56 bolstered the cGAS/STING induced type I IFN signaling to partake in the RT-resetting the tumor microenvironment through a miR-136-5p/STING axis. Importantly, the administer of exosomal circTMEM56 ameliorated the SBRT response in mice with low level of circTMEM56, and patients with low circTMEM56 are poorly responsive to RT plus anti-PD1 therapy (Clinical trials NCT03857815 and ChiCTR2200057338). Thus, we not only mechanistically elucidated a molecular axis by which circTMEM56 intensified the RT-reset tumor microenvironment, but also offered a novel effective reinforcing adjuvant for HCC RT.
Organic fertilization increases the abundance of bacteria, fungi, and protists and their co-occurrence complexity in acidic soils
Authors: Li Ke , Xing Xiaoyi , Wang Shubin , Liao Rujia , Hassan Muhammad Umair , Aamer Muhammad , Barbanti Lorenzo , Xu Huifang
Published: October 2023

Background and aims
Organic fertilization highly influences microbial populations and diversity in the soil. This study aimed to understand how organic fertilizer application affects bacterial, fungal, and protist communities in acidic soils and thus reshapes their interactions.
Methods
Soil samples were collected from a long-term field experiment consisting of four fertilization treatments: no fertilization (control), inorganic fertilization (NPK), organic fertilization (OM), and their combination (NPKOM). The abundance and composition of bacterial, fungal, and protist communities were analyzed.
Results
The total abundance of bacteria, fungi, and protists increased by at least 2.95, 3.47, and 0.66 times after organic fertilizer application. The composition of the bacterial, fungal, and protist communities was significantly different between the inorganic and organic fertilization treatments. Organic fertilization increased the complexity of co-occurrence among bacteria, fungi, and protists by increasing the number of keystone taxa and inter-kingdom associations. The abundance, community structure, and keystone taxa of bacteria, fungi, and protists significantly correlated with soil organic matter, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus content.
Conclusions
Soil pH, organic matter, and phosphorus levels were important factors in determining bacterial, fungal, and protist community structures and the complexity of microbial co-occurrence in acidic soils. This study provided insights into the relationship between agricultural management practices and soil bacterial, fungal, and protist communities.
Efficacy of gamithromycin injection against cattle respiratory disease
Authors: Zhang Pei Yang , Gao Yan Yan , Li Peng Peng , Dong Yang Mei , Sang Ka Na , Zhang Cong , Hou Lin , Li Huan Juan , Bian Kui , Zhou De Gang
Published: October 2023

Background
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a highly prevalent and economically costly disease affecting cattle. Extensive research has been carried out to elucidate the economic impact of the disease, therapeutic modalities and preventive measures. This disease has a detrimental effect in terms of increased mortality, escalating treatment costs and significant production losses.
Results
Given the far-reaching impact of BRD, further scientific research into effective prevention and intervention strategies is imperative to mitigate its adverse effects on the livestock industry. Gamithromycin is a new semi-synthetic macrolide animal-specific antibiotic, mainly for treating respiratory diseases caused by bacteria in cattle, with the characteristics of rapid absorption and high bioavailability. To determine the therapeutic effect of gamithromycin injection at the recommended dose on the target indications in the field, Sixty sick, diseased cattle meeting the study eligibility criteria were randomly divided into two groups (30 cattle in each group): a test group, which received gamithromycin injection at a dose of 6 mg/kg body weight (BW); and a control group, which received tulathromycin injection at the recommended dose (2.5 mg/kg BW). During the test period, the following observations were made on the sick cattle: from day 0 to day 14 of administration, the injection site was observed daily for any reaction, body temperature was measured, and mental status and respiratory symptoms were scored according to the criteria.
Conclusions
The results showed that the study drug gamithromycin had an excellent therapeutic effect on BRD. Gamithromycin can effectively clear BRD associated with the main pathogenic bacteria, such as P. multocida, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, S. pneumoniae, and other pathogenic bacteria can be effectively cleared. Most sick cattle recovered to normal 4–5 days after administration, with an effective rate of more than 90% and a cure rate of up to 80%, comparable to that with injection with the control veterinary drug, tulathromycin (P > 0.05).
The prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive frailty in patients with maintenance hemodialysis in China: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wei Xinghong , Liu Qin , Peng Junjie , Chang Renjie
Published: October 2023

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors.
Methods: CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service platform(Wanfang), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science were searched. Cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies on factors influencing cognitive frality in maintenance hemodialysis patients were collected and published between 2000 and October 2023. Two researchers independently screened literature and extracted data to evaluate the literature quality of the included studies. Stata15.0 software was used to conduct a meta-analysis on the prevalence and influencing factors of cognitive frailty in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China.
Results: A total of 10 literatures on cognitive frailty were included in this study, including 659 patients with cognitive frailty, involving 25 influencing factors. The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of cognitive frailty in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China was 25.6% (95%CI:21%~30.3%). Age (OR=0.542,95%CI (0.294, 0.789), P<0.001), education level (OR=-1.556,95%CI (-2.113, -1.000), P<0.001), comorbidities (OR=0.909,95%CI (0.295, 1.524), P=0.004], stroke history (OR=1.046, 95%CI (0.509, 1.5834), P<0.001) were the influential factors for cognitive frailty in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China.
Conclusion: The prevalence rate of cognitive frailty in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China is high (25.6%), and age, educational level, comorbidities and stroke history are the influencing factors of cognitive frailty in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China.
Fetal Echocardiographic Evaluation of Tricuspid Valve and Right Ventricular Function including Global Longitudinal Strain in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Association with Postnatal Outcomes
Authors: Ittleman Benjamin , Lowenstein Sarah , Edwards Lindsay , Caris Elizabeth , Bhat Aarti , Conwell Jeffrey , Lewin Mark , Arya Bhawna
Published: October 2023

Background:
Despite significant advancements in the care of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) morbidity and mortality remain high. Postnatal right ventricular dysfunction and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is associated with worse outcomes in HLHS. We aim to determine if right ventricle functional parameters and TR on fetal echocardiogram are associated with postnatal outcomes in HLHS patients.
Methods:
Retrospective review was performed on all fetuses with HLHS from 2014–2022 at our institution. Initial and follow up fetal echocardiogram measurements of right ventricular myocardial performance index (MPI), fractional area change (FAC) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were retrospectively measured. The presence and severity of TR was recorded from the fetal echocardiogram reports. Postnatal outcomes including transplant-free survival, hospital length of stay > 30 days after initial palliation and need for bidirectional Glenn at < 4 months were reviewed.
Results:
Forty-three subjects met inclusion criteria. Mean gestational age at presentation was 26.1 ± 5.9 weeks. Nine subjects died and 3 required transplants. Initial fetal echocardiogram MPI was significantly lower (better) (0.36 ± 0.06 vs 0.44 ± 0.11; p = < 0.001) and FAC was significantly higher (better) 45 ± 6% vs 40 ± 8%; p = 0.035) in transplant-free survivors. Fetal right ventricular GLS and presence of TR were not associated with any postnatal outcomes.
Conclusion:
In fetuses with HLHS, abnormal MPI and right ventricular FAC are associated with decreased transplant-free survival. There was no observed association between GLS and any of the postnatal variables. To our knowledge this is the first study examining fetal right ventricular GLS in HLHS patients and its link to postnatal outcomes.
Investigation the effect of electrode materials on arc discharge machining of 40% SiCp/Al composites
Authors: Tang Lin , Zhang Yunsong , Cao Tong , Xue Runrong , Zhang Jingjing , Zhang Jun
Published: October 2023

In order to explore the influence of electrode materials on arc discharge machining, four kinds of materials (copper, 45 steel, W70Cu30 and graphite) were used as electrodes, the simulations mathematical model and geometric model of arc discharge temperature field for different electrode materials were established respectively. Else, the simulation of arc discharge temperature field was conducted. The simulation results show that the depths of graphite, W70Cu30, 45 steel and copper electrode are from shallow to deep in turn. Under the conditions of discharge voltage 25V, feed speed 30mm/min and working medium water-based working fluid, comparative experiments of grooves with depth of 3mm and length of 60mm were carried out. The test results show that compared with other materials, the removal rate of 40%SiCp/Al composites processed by graphite electrode is up to 765.55mm3/min, the relative tool wear rate is reduced to 4.61%. The results show that graphite electrode has high processing efficiency and good processing quality.
Application of whole-exome sequencing technology in clarifying 269 cases of fetal skeletal system disorders
Authors: ge yijun , yuan huizhen , zeng baitao , yang bicheng , zhang liuyang , liu yanqiu , zou yongyi
Published: October 2023

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the enhancement of whole-exome sequencing technology for the detection of fetal skeletal dysplasias (SDs) in pregnant women with suspected fetal skeletal system abnormalities and explore its potential for genetic mapping.
Methods
Between February 2021 and January 2023, we performed whole-exome sequencing on 269 pregnant women with prenatal ultrasound indications of fetal skeletal system abnormalities. We collected genetic reports and analyzed the results.
Results
Whole-exome sequencing demonstrated a 26.41% (14/53) increase in detection rates for fetal skeletal abnormalities initially detected by ultrasound. It also facilitated the identification of causative genes and provided a deeper understanding of the genetic characteristics compared to traditional methods such as karyotype analysis and chromosome microarray analysis (CMA).
Conclusion
In cases where traditional diagnostic techniques, such as karyotype analysis combined with CMA, fail to determine the etiology of fetal ultrasound-indicated skeletal system abnormalities, whole-exome sequencing offers a novel diagnostic approach. This technology has the potential to provide patients with valuable diagnostic insights, assisting in clarifying the underlying causes of these abnormalities and guiding appropriate prenatal care decisions.
Normalization of Snai1-mediated vessel dysfunction increases drug response in cancer
Authors: Hoffmann Helene , Wartenberg Martin , Vorlova Sandra , Karl-Schöller Franziska , Kallius Matthias , Reinhardt Oliver , Burkhardt Verena , Gätzner Sabine , Scheld Daniela , Zernecke Alma , Herterich Sabine , Ergün Süleyman , Rosenwald Andreas , Henke Erik
Published: October 2023

Blood vessels in tumors are often dysfunctional. This impairs the delivery of therapeutic agents to and distribution among the cancer cells and subsequently reduces treatment efficacy. The dysfunctional vessel phenotypes are attributed to aberrant pro-angiogenic signaling, and anti-angiogenic agents can ameliorate traits of vessel dysfunctionality. However, they simultaneously reduce vessel density and thereby impede drug delivery and distribution. Exploring possibilities to improve vessel functionality without compromising vessel density in the tumor microenvironment, we evaluated transcription factors (TFs) involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as potential targets. Based on similarities between EMT and angiogenic activation of endothelial cells, we hypothesized that these TFs, Snai1 in particular, might serve as key regulators of vessel dysfunctionality. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Snai1 (similarly Slug and Twist1) regulates endothelial permeability, permissiveness for tumor cell transmigration, and tip/stalk cell formation. Endothelial-specific, heterozygous knock-down of Snai1 in mice improved vascular quality in implanted tumors. This resulted in better oxygenation and reduced metastasis. Notably, the tumors in Snai1KD mice responded significantly better to chemotherapeutics as drugs were transported into the tumors at strongly increased rates and more homogeneously distributed. Thus, we demonstrate that restoring vessel homeostasis in malignant cancers without affecting vessel density is feasible. Combining such vessel re-engineering with anti-cancer drugs allows for strategic treatment approaches that reduce treatment toxicity on non-malignant tissues.
Conditional survival analysis and dynamic prediction of long-term survival in Merkel Cell Carcinoma patients
Authors: Zhang Jin , Xiang Yang , Chen Jiqiu , Liu Lei , Liu Qingsong , Jin Jian , Zhu Shihui
Published: October 2023

Background:
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare type of invasive neuroendocrine skin malignancy with high mortality. However, with years of follow-up, what is the actual survival rate and how can we continually assess an individual's prognosis? The purpose of this study was to estimate conditional survival (CS) for MCC patients and establish a novel CS-based nomogram model.
Methods:
This study collected MCC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and divided these patients into training and validation groups at the ratio of 7:3. CS refers to the probability of survival for a specific timeframe (y years), based on the patient's survival after the initial diagnosis (x years). Then, we attempted to describe the CS pattern of MCCs. The Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was employed to screen predictive factors. The Multivariate Cox regression analysis was applied to demonstrate these predictors’ effect on overall survival and establish a novel CS-based nomogram.
Results:
A total of 3843 MCC patients were extracted from the SEER database. Analysis of the CS revealed that the 7-year survival rate of MCC patients progressively increased with each subsequent year of survival.The rates progressed from an initial 41% to 50%, 61%, 70%, 78%, 85%, and finally to 93%. And the improvement of survival rate was nonlinear. The LASSO regression identified five predictors including patient age, sex, AJCC stage, surgery and radiotherapy as predictors for CS-nomogram development. And this novel survival prediction model was successfully validated with good predictive performance.
Conclusion:
CS of MCC patients was dynamic and increased with time since the initial diagnosis. Our newly established CS-based nomogram can provide a real-time estimate of survival, which has implications for follow-up guidelines and survivorship planning, enabling clinicians to guide treatment for these patients better.
Using Recasts to Enhance Students English Question Production: Secondary School Students in Focus
Authors: Addis Ketema , Yigzaw Abiy , Tefera Ebabu
Published: October 2023

Research on recasts has gotten increasing attention from SLA researchers ever since the 1990s. However, the studies on the effectiveness of recasts had inconsistent findings and are still debatable in what way recasts facilitate L2 learning. The study aims to examine the effects of recasts on English question production by adopting a pretest, posttest, and delayed posttest design. Forty-five grade eleven students participated in the study and were grouped into three developmental stages of the target structure, the intended framework. Most students exhibited substantial preferences for recasts over other types of feedback, with more than half of the students in each group reporting noticing the recasts in their learning journals. Primed production played a better role than uptake. Successful uptake was somewhat infrequent and was not significantly correlated with any group's noticing of recasts. It had a significant impact on the question development of lower-level and intermediate-level students but not on higher-level students' accuracy of question production. In contrast, it was revealed that primed production of question forms was strongly correlated with noticing recasts for all groups, and it was facilitative of subsequent L2 development in all groups. It concludes that recasts provided in dyadic interactions have facilitated the English question production by Ethiopian EFL learners at different stages.
Abnormal development of skeletal muscle with higher lipid accumulation in low birth weight goats
Authors: Song Huihui , Hao Zhuohang , Feng Hehan , Yao Bingpeng , Luo Nanjian , Li Rui , Zhao Yongju , Chen Xiaochuan
Published: October 2023

Low birth weight (LBW) impairs the development and health of livestock by affecting postnatal growth performance and metabolic health in adulthood. Previous studies on indigenous goats in Southwest China showed that LBW goat kids had higher mortality and morbidity rates, including hepatic dyslipidemia and liver damage. However, the lipid metabolism in the skeletal muscle of LBW offspring remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the lipid content in skeletal muscle and the regulatory mechanism by comparing LBW goats with normal birth weight (NBW)goats. We found that the levels free fatty acids in both plasma and skeletal muscle were significantly higher in LBW goats than in NBW goats (p< 0.05). Meanwhile, transcriptome analysis revealed impairments of lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and insulin signaling in LBW goats. Correspondingly, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes annotation further indicated that lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant pathway were involved in skeletal muscle lipid dysregulation. Moreover, lipid accumulation was associated with the upregulation of genes related to fatty acid uptake and transport (FABP3), fatty acid oxidation (PPARA), triacylglycerol synthesis (LPIN1andDGAT1), oxidative stress (ANKRD2), and insulin resistance (PGC1α). These results suggest that LBW goat kids have higher lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle, which may contribute to metabolic disease and poor growth performance in later life.
Analysis of microbial composition and sharing in low-biomass human milk samples: a comparison of DNA isolation and sequencing techniques
Authors: Spreckels Johanne E. , Fernández-Pato Asier , Kruk Marloes , Kurilshikov Alexander , Garmaeva Sanzhima , Sinha Trishla , Ghosh Hiren , Harmsen Hermie , Fu Jingyuan , Gacesa Ranko , Zhernakova Alexandra
Published: October 2023

Human milk microbiome studies are currently hindered by low milk bacterial/human cell ratios and often rely on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, which limits downstream analyses. Here, we aimed to find a method to study milk bacteria and assess bacterial sharing between maternal and infant microbiota. We tested four DNA isolation methods, two bacterial enrichment methods and three sequencing methods on mock communities, milk samples and negative controls. Of the four DNA isolation kits, the DNeasy PowerSoil Pro (PS) and MagMAX Total Nucleic Acid Isolation (MX) kits provided consistent 16S rRNA gene sequencing results with low contamination. Neither enrichment method substantially decreased the human metagenomic sequencing read-depth. Long-read 16S-ITS-23S rRNA gene sequencing biased the mock community composition but provided consistent results for milk samples, with little contamination. In contrast to 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 16S-ITS-23S rRNA gene sequencing of milk, infant oral, infant faecal and maternal faecal DNA from 14 mother-infant pairs provided sufficient resolution to detect significantly more frequent sharing of bacteria between related pairs compared to unrelated pairs. In conclusion, PS or MX kit-DNA isolation followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing reliably characterises human milk microbiota, and 16S-ITS-23S rRNA gene sequencing enables studies of bacterial transmission in low-biomass samples.
Prediction model for postoperative pneumonia in abdominal surgery: results of an observational multicenter study
Authors: Veyler R. V. , Trembach N. V. , Musaeva T. S. , Magomedov M. A. , Popov A. S. , Fisher V. V. , Khoronenko V. E. , Gritsan A. I. , Dunts P. V. , Bayalieva A. Zh. , Ovezov A. M. , Lebedinskii K. M. , Martynov D. V. , Spasova A. P. , Stadler V. V. , Levit D. A. , Shapovalov K. G. , Kokhno V. N. , Golubtsov V. V. , Zabolotskikh Igor B.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: Taking into account the prevalence of postoperative pneumonia and the increase in the number of surgical procedures, forecasting its development is an urgent task that allows taking measures to reduce the frequency of its occurrence by optimizing the perioperative period. Despite their value, the existing scales for predicting postoperative pneumonia do not provide domestic specialists with a reliable and consistent method by which to stratify the risk of developing postoperative pneumonia in our population. OBJECTIVE: To develop a model for predicting postoperative pneumonia based on the identification of risk factors for its development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicenter prospective study of 6844 patients over 18 years of age undergoing elective abdominal surgery. 30-day mortality and postoperative pneumonia were assessed. In the first phase of the study, a comparison was made between the pneumonia and non-pneumonia group of baseline patient data, as well as factors associated with surgery and anesthesia. At the second stage of the study, a logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the contribution of factors to the development of postoperative pneumonia. At the third stage of the study, a model for predicting postoperative pneumonia was built according to the data of multivariate logistic regression analysis. At the final stage, the obtained model was compared with the forecasting models of other authors found in the world literature. RESULTS: Pneumonia was detected in 53 patients (0.77 %). A lethal outcome was observed in 39 patients: in patients with pneumonia in 15 cases (28.3 %), and without pneumonia in 24 cases (0.4 %). Retrospectively, taking into account the obtained model, 933 patients were assigned to the high-risk group for developing pneumonia, the incidence of pneumonia was 4.5 %. In the low-risk group for developing pneumonia — 5911 patients, the incidence of pneumonia was 0.19 %. CONCLUSIONS: Eight independent variables associated with postoperative pneumonia were identified: duration of surgery, smoking, complete functional dependence, perioperative anemia requiring iron supplementation, intraoperative use of vasopressors, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification 3 functional class, use of bronchodilators for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and high operative risk. The postoperative pneumonia prediction model has excellent predictive value (AUROC = 0.904).
The condition of newborns after the conversion of epidural analgesia to anesthesia during cesarean section: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Alexandrovich Yu. S. , Ryazanova Oksana V. , Karabaev D. I. , Nezabudkin S. N. , Ioscovich A. M.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION: When performing epidural analgesia in childbirth, if surgical delivery is necessary, the question arises about the choice of further tactics of regional anesthesia. The article discusses the peculiarities of the effect of local anesthetics on the condition of a newborn during the conversion of epidural analgesia into anesthesia when caesarean section is necessary, depending on the local anesthetic used. OBJECTIVE: To assess the condition of a newborn baby during the conversion of epidural analgesia in childbirth through the natural birth canal into anesthesia during cesarean section, depending on the local anesthetic used. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective randomized study of 143 children born to mothers who underwent the conversion of epidural analgesia into anesthesia for operative delivery by caesarean section was conducted. Depending on the local anesthetic used, the patients were divided into three groups, in the first group 20.0 ml of 2 % lidocaine in combination with 0.1 mg of epinephrine was injected into the epidural space, in the second group — 20.0 ml of 0.5 % bupivacaine, in the third — 20.0 ml of 0.75 % ropivacaine. The assessment of the condition of newborns was carried out on the Apgar scale at the 1st and 5th minutes of life and on the NACS scale in the first 15 minutes, 2, 24 and 72 hours after birth. RESULTS: The assessment of newborns on the Apgar scale, regardless of the local anesthetic used during epidural anesthesia at the first and fifth minutes, corresponded to 7 or more points (p > 0.05). The neuropsychiatric state of newborns when assessed on the NACS scale did not differ statistically significantly in all groups and at all stages of the study. Within each group, between the study stages, the average values of the NACS scores increased statistically significantly compared to the previous one. CONCLUSIONS: The conversion of epidural analgesia in childbirth through the natural birth canal into anesthesia during cesarean section is safe for the fetus and newborn when using 20.0 ml of 2 % lidocaine in combination with 0.1 mg of epinephrine or 20.0 ml of 0.5 % bupivacaine, or 0.75 % ropivacaine in a volume of 20.0 ml.
Art, Ideality, and Reality: A Feminist Review through Griselda Pollock's Lens
Authors: Sekartaji Suminto RA
Published: October 2023

This article explores the intricate connection between art, ideality, and reality from a feminist perspective, focusing on the influential insights of Griselda Pollock, a renowned art historian, and feminist scholar. By critically analyzing Pollock's work, this study uncovers the complexities of feminism within the art realm and its intersections with idealized notions and tangible realities. The article begins by contextualizing Pollock's contributions to feminist art theory and her approach to understanding artistic practices. It highlights how Pollock challenges patriarchal frameworks and amplifies the marginalized voices of women artists. Examining the concept of ideality, the study explores how idealized standards and societal expectations shape artistic representations and their impact on gender inequalities. Pollock's lens reveals art as a powerful tool for feminist resistance, disrupting dominant ideologies and asserting diverse narratives. The investigation of reality within the feminist review uncovers the interplay between art and the material world. Pollock's perspective illuminates how art reflects and responds to women's lived experiences, addressing social, political, and cultural realities. It showcases art's potential as a platform for feminist activism, shedding light on social injustices and advocating for change. This article emphasizes the significance of Pollock's feminist lens in understanding the dynamics of art, ideality, and reality. It underscores art's transformative potential as a vehicle for feminist critique and activism, challenging gender representation and power structures. The insights contribute to feminist art theory and its relevance in contemporary discourse. It highlights the ongoing need to engage with diverse feminist perspectives to critically examine art and its relationship to broader societal issues.
Study of 'Don't Hug Me I'm Scared' Web Series Storytelling For IP Design Regarding Safe Viewing Content For Children
Authors: Ilona Matakupan Nikita
Published: October 2023

In 2022 the internet was getting more advanced, and every age can use it. For a long time, the mass media has become a tool used in children's socialization. The easiest way to teach children is via the internet, specifically through child-friendly shows. The shows are usually educational, such as learning about colors, letters, numbers, social teachings, etc. They can imitate or learn the teachings they watch in everyday life. This children's content has positive and negative impacts, but one of the problems is the delivery of indecent content such as violence, pornography, or wrong teachings inserted into the spectacle.

Apart from problems with YouTube's algorithm, irresponsible adults make children who watch it participate in acts of violence or are traumatized by watching it. This does not mean that all children's viewing of content is terrible, but that there needs to be discretion and initiative on the part of parents. This case could create a big scandal in the internet world. This research aims to dissect and analyze a well-known web series on YouTube, 'Don't Hug Me I'm Scared' by Joseph Pelling, Baker Terry, and Rebecca Sloan, in terms of storytelling and create an Intellectual Property (IP) to create safe content for children. One of the theories circulating about this animation is the problem of children's content being deviated due to the actions of adults and their criticism, making this series suitable as the main foundation for research.
Exploring How Three (3) Common Psychological Factors Can Affect Students’ Performances While Studying Overseas
Authors: Lewis Mark A.
Published: October 2023

This study investigates the influence of three common psychological factors, which are homesickness, cultural differences, and acceptance or fitting in, on the performance of students studying overseas. The study aims to provide detailed knowledge of how these factors can impact academic achievements, adjustments, and the overall well-being of students studying in foreign countries. With a qualitative research approach, the study includes a literature review, data collection, analysis, and interpretation of secondary data from different sources. The findings show that a significant challenge faced by students while studying abroad is homesickness, which leads to emotional distress, concentration problems, reduced motivation, and social interaction disadvantages. Cultural differences can also impose challenges for students as they locate unfamiliar norms, practices, and beliefs that impact their cognitive abilities, emotional well-being, and social skills. Moreover, acceptance or fitting in plays a significant role in the satisfaction and academic success of students with positive acceptance. self-confidence, social competence, and a sense of belonging is promoted. On the other hand, negative experiences can result in lowered self-worth, social isolation, and academic impairments. The study recognizes limitations like reliance on secondary data and emphasizes a limited number of psychological factors. Future recommendations include primary data collection, investigation of interactions between psychological factors, and longitudinal designs. This study reveals the significance of resolving psychological factors for supporting the academic performance and overall well-being of students studying overseas. Keywords: Cultural Differences, Fitting -in, Homesickness.
An Assessment of Selected Ghanaian Banks’ Internal Control and Corporate Governance
Authors: Boadi Prince
Published: October 2023

The general objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of internal control and corporate governance in the Ghanaian banking industry. The study was basically a case study based and was approached quantitatively. Five banks (Absa Bank Ghana, Ecobank, Standard chartered Bank, Agricultural Development Bank, and Ghana Commercial Bank) were sampled for the study. Four hundred (400) respondents from the above sampled banks helped offer meaningful and enough information to answer the study questions. Non-probability sampling was used for this study’s sample strategy. The study made use of questionnaires to gather the data. In analyzing the data, the study made use of descriptive statistics, Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (w), correlations and regression analysis techniques. The study found that internal controls and corporate governance in the Ghanaian banking industry are effective. The results of the study confirm that internal auditors and staff have the role to review systems established to ensure compliance with policies, procedures, plans, laws, and regulations impacting operations and reports; to detect and prevent illegal practices; to report illegal acts; provide information to management; act with competence; make a report to the company about the problems and follow the corporate policy in ensuring effective internal control in the Ghanaian banking industry. Keywords: Compliance, Corporate governance, Corporate policy, Internal Control, Kendall’s coefficient of concordance (w).
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne Giden Yolda Mondros Mütarekesi, İşgaller ve Türk Millî Mücadelesi’ndeki Siyasi Çözüm Düşüncesi
Authors: YURTSEVER Serdar
Published: October 2023

Osmanlı Devleti’ni diriltme, yaşatma, hatta büyütme özlemleriyle girilen Birinci Dünya Savaşı, 30 Ekim 1918’de imzalanan ve İtilaf Devletleri kontrolünde bir işgal dönemine girilmesine neden olan Mondros Mütarekesi ile sonuçlanmıştır. Böylelikle, Avrupa Devletleri’ne göre Osmanlı Devleti’ni nüfuz altına almak veya parçalamak yönündeki emeller için son darbeyi vurma noktasına gelinmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Mütareke döneminde hem İstanbul hem de Ankara tarafından takip edilen siyasi çözüm düşüncelerine odaklanılmış, siyasi açılımlardan elde edilenler ve edilemeyenlerin neticelerinin işgallere olan tepkiyle birlikte Millî Mücadele’ye ve sonrasında yeni bir Türk Devleti olarak Cumhuriyet’e dönüşüm süreci incelenmiştir. Amaç, Millî Mücadele ele alınırken sadece bir savaşın yapıldığı, zaferin kazanıldığı ve cumhuriyetin kurulduğu gibi klasik bir anlatımından ziyade Mütareke’nin akdinden Lozan Barış Antlaşması’nın imzalanmasına kadar her safhada ve her fırsatta savaşsız bir çözüm arayışının diplomasi yoluyla Türk tarafınca kovalanıp kovalanmadığını, savaştan çok barış için gayret gösterilip gösterilmediğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma; Ekim 1918-Mayıs 1919 döneminde İstanbul’daki gelişmeler, Millî Mücadele’yi ateşleyen İzmir’in işgali, Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın Samsun’a çıkışı, Dünya’ya, İtilaf Devletleri’ne ve Payitaht’a ilk mesajların verildiği Havza ve Amasya Genelgeleri, tam bağımsızlık yolunda kararlı adımları gösteren Erzurum ve Sivas Kongreleri, son Osmanlı Mebusan Meclisi, Kurucu Meclis ve Misak-ı Millî, Sevr, Millî Mücadele ve diplomasi, Lozan Barış Antlaşması, kan, acı, fedakârlık, kahramanlık ve savaşların eseri Cumhuriyet başlıkları altında ele alınmıştır. Bu plan kapsamında genel anlamda kronolojik bir sıra takip edilmekle birlikte bazı alt başlıklarda ve özellikle savaş ve diploması alt başlığında içerik itibarıyla siyasi çözüm düşüncesine odaklanılması maksadıyla zaman zaman geri dönüşler yapılmıştır.
Türkiye Millî Eğitim Şuraları Eğitim Programlarına İlişkin Kararlarının Felsefi Yönden İncelenmesi: Cumhuriyet’in İlk Yüzyılına İlişkin Dönemsel Bir Analiz
Authors: SÖZER Yusuf
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışma, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin ilk yüzyılına yayılan Millî Eğitim Şuralarının eğitim programlarına ilişkin kararlarını idealist, realist, pragmatist, natüralist, politeknik, varoluşçu ve yapılandırmacı felsefelere göre tek parti (1923-1950), çok partili (1950-1980), otoriter (1980-2000) ve teknolojik atılım (2000-2023) olmak üzere dört dönem çerçevesinde incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Çalışma kapsamına temel ve ortaöğretim programları dahil edilirken yükseköğretim programları kapsam dışında bırakılmıştır. Çalışma, açıklayıcı durum deseninde gerçekleştirilmiş nitel bir araştırmadır. Çalışmada, 409 şura kararı felsefi analize tabi tutulmuş ve şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: Eğitim programlarının hedef boyutunda yetiştirilmek istenen insan tipine ilişkin olarak tek parti döneminde millî şuur sahibi, çok partili ve otoriter dönemde Atatürk İlke ve İnkılaplarına bağlı birey ve teknolojik atılım döneminde evrensel değerlerin eklendiği ideal birey yetiştirmeye odaklı olarak idealist; öğretim durumlarına ilişkin şura kararlarına ilk üç dönemde idealist, realist ve pragmatist ve ölçme değerlendirme boyutunda standartların belirlenmesi anlamında realist felsefenin ağırlık kazandığı görülmüştür. Eğitim kademelerine ilişkin şura kararları çerçevesinde, temel eğitimde toplum ve bilim kaynaklarını esas alan idealist ve realist; ortaöğretimde özellikle de mesleki ve teknik orta öğretimde üretici birey ve kalkınma ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda pragmatist ve politeknik felsefelerin baskın olduğu gözlenmiştir. Alan eğitimi programları çerçevesinde, mesleki eğitim her dönemde artan bir politeknik eğilim gösterirken, sanat, spor, ahlak ve değerler eğitimi alanlarında belli dönemlerde ağırlık kazanmış ve genel olarak idealist ve realist anlayışlar öne çıkmıştır. Teknolojik atılım döneminde, karar metinlerine yansıyan felsefi anlayışların daha fazla çeşitlendiği ve önceki dönemlerin toplumu önceleyen anlayışlarına karşıt olarak bireyi önceleyen natüralist, yapılandırıcı ve varoluşçu felsefelerin etki alanını genişlettiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Cumhuriyet’in 100. Yılında Siyasi Partilerin 2023 Seçim Beyannameleri Üzerinden Türkiye Siyasetine Karşılaştırmalı Bir Bakış
Authors: APAK Dilhan , DUYGULU ELCİM Şirin , İNGÜN KARKIŞ Özlem , AKINCILAR KÖSEOĞLU Nihan
Published: October 2023

Seçim beyannameleri, demokrasi kültürünün gelişimi ve seçmenlerin oy verme davranışlarının daha bilinçli hâle gelmesi bakımından önemli bir role sahiptir. Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde ilk seçim beyannamesi, 21 Temmuz 1946 tarihinde yapılan Milletvekili Genel Seçimleri’nde siyasal hayattaki yerini almıştır. Seçim beyannamelerinin, daha sonraki yıllarda siyasi partiler tarafından daha fazla önemsendiği ve detaylandırılarak hazırlandığı görülmektedir. Demokrasilerin temel unsuru olan siyasi partiler, yayınladıkları seçim beyannameleri ile toplumsal siyasallaşmaya da katkıda bulunmaktadırlar. Bu beyannameler aracılığıyla seçmenler, siyasi partilerin vaatleri ve politikaları hakkında bilgi sahibi olurken; bu vaat ve politikaların, reel hayattaki sorunlarla ne kadar kesiştiğini de değerlendirme imkânı oluşmaktadır. Cumhuriyet’in 100. yılında siyasi partilerin seçim beyannameleri daha büyük bir önem kazanmakta; siyasi parti ve seçmen etkileşimi açısından da mühim bir iletişim aracı olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu makalede, 14 Mayıs 2023 tarihinde yapılan 28. Dönem Milletvekili Genel Seçimi sonucunda TBMM’ye milletvekili göndermiş olan Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, Milliyetçi Hareket Partisi, Yeniden Refah Partisi, Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi, İYİ Parti, Yeşiller ve Sol Gelecek Partisi ve Türkiye İşçi Partisi’nin ve partilerin dahil olduğu ittifakların yayınladığı seçim beyannameleri, Kadın Politikaları ve Dış Politika bağlamında uluslararası ve bölgesel örgütlerle ilişkiler alanlarında vaat edilen hedefler özelinde betimsel araştırma yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada, Cumhuriyet’in 100. yılında Türkiye siyasetinin vaat edilen hedeflerle nasıl şekilleneceğinin karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde ortaya konması hedeflenmektedir.
Turizm Politikalarının Sürdürülebilir Turizm İlkeleri Doğrultusunda Değerlendirilmesi (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin 100. Yılında 41 Yıllık Turizm Politikaları)
Authors: TOKMAK Cüneyt
Published: October 2023

Sürdürülebilir turizm gelişimi, turizmin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmanın en önemli yollarından bir tanesidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı gelişmekte olan bir ülke olarak Türkiye’nin son 41 yıldaki turizm politikalarının sürdürülebilir turizm ilkeleri çerçevesinde değerlendirilmesidir. Literatürden yararlanarak sürdürülebilir turizm ilkelerinin neler olabileceği tartışılmış ve çalışma kapsamında esas alınan ilkeler ortaya konulmuştur. Türkiye’nin 41 yıllık turizm politikalarını tespit etmek amacı ile beşinci beş yıllık kalkınma planından itibaren toplam yedi adet kalkınma planı metni incelenmiş, ayrıca Türkiye’nin en önemli uzun vadeli turizm planı olan Türkiye Turizm Stratejisi aynı amaçla değerlendirilmiştir. Temel turizm politikaları, sürdürülebilir turizm ilkeleri ile kıyaslanmıştır. Sonuç olarak sürdürülebilir turizm ilkelerine uygun düşen politikaların tüm planlarda yer almasına rağmen özellikle 2000’li yıllardan (Sekizinci beş yıllık kalkınma planı) itibaren sürdürülebilir turizm ilkelerine uygun düşen politikaların daha fazla vurgulandığı tespit edilmiştir. Tüm kalkınma planlarında nicel hedeflerden olan turistik yatak arzının arttırılması, turist sayısının arttırılması, turizm gelirlerinin arttırılması, turizmin tüm bölgelere yayılması ve çeşitlendirilmesi gibi hedeflerin olduğu görülmüştür. 2023 Türkiye Turizm stratejisinde kalkınma planlarında belirtilen temel hususların ayrıntılı olarak planlandığı; turizm bölgesi, turizm kenti, turizm konseyi, turizm koridoru gibi yeni kavramların işlendiği görülmüştür. Sürdürülebilir turizm ilkelerinin daha başarılı bir şekilde uygulanması adına ziyaretçi yönetim sistemi uygulamaları, küçük ölçekli esnek konaklama tesislerinin yaygınlaştırılması, sürdürülebilir turizm göstergelerinin hayata geçirilmesi ve bölgelerin taşıma kapasitelerinin belirlenmesi konuları önerilmiştir.
Cumhuriyetin Kuruluşundan Bugüne Türkiye’de Dış Borçlanma
Authors: AKBAŞ AKDOĞAN Dilek
Published: October 2023

Günümüzde devlet borçları, ulaştığı boyut sebebiyle kamu maliyesi disiplinin önemli ve sıklıkla tartışılan konularından birisini oluşturmaktadır. Borçlanma hem gelişmiş hem de az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin başvurduğu önemli bir finansman kaynağıdır. Devlet borçlarının temel nedenlerinin başında kamu harcamalarının finanse edilmesi gelmektedir. Borçlanmanın temel amacı, mali (fiskal) olsa da geçmişten günümüze ülkelerin çeşitli amaçlarla borçlanmaya başvurdukları görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda borçlanmanın, ülkeyi hem krize sürükleme hem de içinde bulunduğu krizden çıkarma potansiyeline sahip olduğu ifade edilebilir. Literatürde devlet borçları çeşitli şekillerde sınıflandırılmaktadır. Kaynakları bakımından yapılan sınıflandırmaya göre borçlar, iç ve dış borçlar olarak ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Dış borç, Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelerin en önemli problemlerinden birini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada ilk olarak devlet borçları kavramı açıklanmış ve devlet borçlarına ilişkin teorik yaklaşımlar ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra dış borç kavramı incelenmiş, sebepleri ve çeşitleriyle birlikte irdelenmiştir. Sonraki bölümde Cumhuriyet’in kuruluşundan günümüze Türkiye’de dış borçların nasıl bir seyir izlediği analiz edilmiştir. Türkiye’de dış borçlar tarihsel bir süreç içinde beş farklı döneme ayrılarak ayrıntılı bir şekilde değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada Türkiye’nin dış borçları hem miktarı hem de kompozisyonu dönemlerin değişen koşullarına bağlı olarak incelenmiştir. 1990’lı yıllardan itibaren Türkiye’de kamu borçlarının finansmanında iç borçlara daha fazla başvurulmaya başlandığı ve 1990’lı yıların sonu itibariyle toplam dış borç stoku içinde özel sektör tarafından gerçekleşen borçlanmaların artmakta olduğu görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda zamanla Türkiye’nin borç yapısında bir dönüşüm yaşandığı söylenebilir.
Tackling of hydraulic cavitation in pressurized pipe flow using high- or low-density polyethylene penstock and short-section
Authors: Kraiem Dalila , Triki Ali
Published: October 2023

Recent studies have proved that the utilization of polyethylene (PE) short-section or penstock is a promising water hammer control tool. However, the interplay between the magnitude attenuation and the phase offset of pressure-wave oscillations remains challenging. This study aimed at inspecting the capacity of a dual PE penstock/short-section-based control technique, with regard to the aforementioned interplay. In this technique, a PE penstock was lumped to the transient initiating zone of the main pipe and a short-section of the counter extremity of the pipe was replaced with PE. The transient pressure-wave behavior in a gravitational viscoelastic pipe involving cavitation was described by the extended 1D water hammer equations embedding the Vitkovsky and Kelvin–Voigt add-ons. The numerical solution was performed by the fixed grid method of characteristics. The high- (HDPE) and low-density (LDPE) were demonstrated in this study. Analysis revealed that upgrading techniques based on LDPE enabled a desirable tradeoff between the magnitude attenuation and the phase offset of pressure-wave oscillations. Particularly, the dual penstock/short-section specific upgrading technique allowed a more important attenuation magnitude of pressure peak (or crest), and led to a similar expansion of the wave oscillation period. Furthermore, results evidenced that the proposed technique outperformed the renewal of the original piping system.