bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Repeated sampling from the same population?” A critique of Neyman and Pearson’s responses to Fisher.
Authors: Rubin Mark
Published: September 2020

Fisher (1945a, 1945b, 1955, 1956, 1960) criticised the Neyman-Pearson approach to hypothesis testing by arguing that it relies on the assumption of “repeated sampling from the same population.” The present article considers the responses to this criticism provided by Pearson (1947) and Neyman (1977). Pearson interpreted alpha levels in relation to imaginary replications of the original test. This interpretation is appropriate when test users are sure that their replications will be equivalent to one another. However, by definition, scientific researchers do not possess sufficient knowledge about the relevant and irrelevant aspects of their tests and populations to be sure that their replications will be equivalent to one another. Pearson also interpreted the alpha level as a personal rule that guides researchers’ behavior during hypothesis testing. However, this interpretation fails to acknowledge that the same researcher may use different alpha levels in different testing situations. Addressing this problem, Neyman proposed that the average alpha level adopted by a particular researcher can be viewed as an indicator of that researcher’s typical Type I error rate. Researchers’ average alpha levels may be informative from a metascientific perspective. However, they are not useful from a scientific perspective. Scientists are more concerned with the error rates of specific tests of specific hypotheses, rather than the error rates of their colleagues. It is concluded that neither Neyman nor Pearson adequately rebutted Fisher’s “repeated sampling” criticism. Fisher’s significance testing approach is briefly considered as an alternative to the Neyman-Pearson approach.
Rising ethnic diversity in the United States accompanies shifts toward an individualistic culture
Authors: Huynh Alex , Grossmann Igor
Published: September 2020

We investigate the relationship between ethnic diversity and the rise of individualism in the United States during the 20th-21st centuries. Tests of the historical rates of ethnic diversity alongside individualistic relational structures (e.g., adults living alone, single/multi-child families) from the years 1950-2018 reveal that societal and regional rates of ethnic diversity accompanied individualistic relational structures. These effects hold above and beyond time series trends in each variable. Further evidence from experimental studies (N = 707) suggest that the presence of, and contact with, ethnically diverse others contributes to greater individualistic values (e.g., the importance of uniqueness and personal achievement). Converging evidence across societal, regional, and individual-level analyses suggests a systematic link between ethnic diversity and individualism. We discuss the implications of these findings for socio-cultural livelihood in light of the rising rates of ethnic diversity across the globe.
Self-Persuasion Increases Motivation for Social Isolation During the COVID-19 Pandemic Through Moral Obligation
Authors: Drążkowski Dariusz , Trepanowski Radosław , Chwiłkowska Patrycja , Majewska Magda
Published: September 2020

During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments use direct persuasion to encourage social isolation. Since self-persuasion is a more effective method of encouraging behavioural changes, using an experimental approach, we compared direct persuasion to self-persuasion on underlying motivations for voluntary social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. We asked the participants (N = 375) to write three arguments in support of social isolation (self-persuasion condition) or to evaluate three government graphics containing arguments for social isolation (direct persuasion condition). Then we asked the participants to evaluate perceived own vulnerability to COVID-19, the perceived severity of COVID-19, moral obligation to socially isolate and the attitude toward social isolation. Self-persuasion had a significant impact on the moral obligation to socially isolate, and through it on self-isolation intention. We also found evidence that individuals who perceived greater benefits from social isolation and who perceived higher severity of COVID-19 have a higher intention to socially isolate. Significant sex and age differences also emerged. Our findings provide new insights into mechanisms of self-persuasion and underlying motivations that influence social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Language evolution research in the year 2020: A survey of new directions
Authors: Nölle Jonas , Hartmann Stefan , Tinits Peeter
Published: September 2020

This introductory paper reviews recent advances in language evolution research and summarizes the contributions of the special issue “New Directions in Language Evolution Research” in the broader context of these developments. Specifically, we discuss the increasing role of multimodality and iconicity, the more integrative view of language dynamics that has arguably broadened the scope of language evolution research, and recent methodological innovations that allow for a more fine-grained study of e.g. typological distributions or behavioral patterns that can give clues to some of the keyquestions discussed in the field.
Inequality in Researchers’ Minds: Four Guiding Questions for Studying Subjective Perceptions of Economic Inequality
Authors: Jachimowicz Jon , Davidai Shai , Goya-Tocchetto Daniela , Szaszi Barnabas , Day Martin V. , Tepper Stephanie J. , Phillips L Taylor , Mirza M. Usman , Ordabayeva Nailya , Hauser Oliver P
Published: September 2020

Subjective perceptions of inequality can substantially influence policy attitudes, public health metrics, and societal well-being, but the lack of consensus in the scientific community on how to best operationalize and measure these perceptions may impede progress on the topic. Here, we provide a theoretical framework for the study of subjective perceptions of inequality which brings critical differences to light. This framework—which we conceptualize as a series of four guiding questions for studying subjective perceptions of economic inequality—serves as a blueprint for the theoretical and empirical decisions researchers need to address in the study of when, how, and why subjective perceptions of inequality are consequential for individuals, groups, and societies. To lay the foundation for a comprehensive approach to the topic, we offer four theoretical and empirical decisions in studying subjective perceptions of inequality, asking researchers to specify: (1) What kind of inequality? (2) What level of analysis? (3) What part of the distribution? and (4) What comparison group? We subsequently discuss how this framework can be used to organize existing research and highlight its utility in guiding future research across the social sciences in both the theory and measurement of subjective perceptions of inequality.
The Centroid Cannot Hold: Comparing Sequential and Global Estimates of Coherence as Indicators of Formal Thought Disorder
Authors: Xu Weizhe , Portanova Jake , Chander Ayesha , Ben-Zeev Dror , Cohen Trevor
Published: September 2020

Thought disorder (TD) as reflected in incoherent speech is a cardinal symptom of schizophrenia and related disorders.Quantification of the degree of TD can inform diagnosis, monitoring, and timely intervention. Consequently, there has been an interest in applying methods of distributional semantics to quantify incoherence of spoken language. Prior studies have generally involved few participants and utilized speech data collected in on-site structured interviews. In this paper we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of approaches to quantify incoherence using distributional semantics, including a novel variant that measures the global coherence of text. This evaluation is conducted in the context of “audio diaries” collected from participants experiencing auditory verbal hallucinations using a smartphone application. Results reveal our novel global coherence metric using the centroid (weighted vector average) outperforms established approaches in their agreement with human annotators, supporting their preferential use in the context of short recordings of unstructured and largely spontaneous speech.
Dynamic Reciprocal Relations of Achievement Goals with Daily Experiences of Academic Success and Failure: An Ambulatory Assessment Study
Authors: Neubauer Andreas B. , Schmidt Andrea , Schmiedek Florian , Dirk Judith
Published: September 2020

Achievement goals have been linked to achievement in various educational settings. The present work explored day-to-day variations in achievement goals (mastery, performance-approach, performance-avoidance) and their associations with daily experiences of academic success and failure. Ambulatory assessment data from 108 students in Grade 5 were collected, with daily assessments of achievement goals in the morning and end-of-day reports of academic success and failure. Dynamic structural equation models revealed reciprocal within-person effects between mastery goals and academic success. Academic success was further associated with higher mastery and performance-approach goals in the next morning. Academic failure was linked to both performance goals, though this association was not robust in all sensitivity analyses. Higher average daily academic success and lower average academic failure were linked to better academic achievement one year later. Findings suggest meaningful within-person dynamics among goals and daily academic success and failure.
Inequality in People's Minds
Authors: Phillips L Taylor , Tepper Stephanie J. , Goya-Tocchetto Daniela , Davidai Shai , Ordabayeva Nailya , Mirza M. Usman , Szaszi Barnabas , Day Martin V. , Hauser Oliver P , Jachimowicz Jon
Published: September 2020

The extent of inequality that people perceive in the world is often a better predictor of individual and societal outcomes than the level of inequality that actually exists. As such, scholars from across the social sciences, including economics, sociology, psychology, and political science, have recently worked to understand individuals’ (mis)perceptions of inequality. Unfortunately, many researchers treat the process underlying such perceptions as a black box, focusing predominantly on lay people’s numeric estimates of inequality, and paying less attention to how people come to form these perceptions or what these perceptions mean to participants. In the current review, we draw on research in perception, cognition, and developmental and social psychology, to introduce a novel comprehensive framework for understanding individuals’ perceptions of inequality. We argue that subjective perceptions of inequality should be viewed as a process that unfolds across five interlinked and iterative stages. To form perceptions of the scope of inequality in society, people need to (1) have access to inequality cues in the world, (2) attend to these cues, (3) comprehend these cues, (4) process these cues (often succumbing to motivational biases), and (5) summarize these cues into a meaningful representation of inequality. Our framework highlights when and why lay people may misperceive the scope of inequality in society and provides a roadmap for research to examine how the processes in people's minds affect the outcomes researchers are ultimately interested in.
Gregarious Behavior, Human Colonization and Social Diferentiation: An Agent-based Model
Authors: Fajardo Sebastian , Hofstede Gert Jan , de Vries Martijn , Kramer Mark R. , Bernal Andrés
Published: September 2020

Studies of colonization processes in past human societies often use a standard population model in which population is represented as a single quantity. Real populations in these processes, however, are structured with internal classes or stages, and classes are sometimes created based on social differentiation. In this present work, information about the colonization of old Providence Island was used to create an agent-based model of the colonization process in a heterogeneous environment for a population with social differentiation. Agents were socially divided into two classes and modeled with dissimilar spatial clustering preferences. The model and simulations assessed the importance of gregarious behavior for colonization processes conducted in heterogeneous environments by socially-differentiated populations. Results suggest that in these conditions, the colonization process starts with an agent cluster in the largest and most suitable area. The spatial distribution of agents maintained a tendency toward randomness as simulation time increased, even when gregariousness values increased. The most conspicuous effects in agent clustering were produced by the initial conditions and behavioral adaptations that increased the agent capacity to access more resources and the likelihood of gregariousness. The approach presented here could be used to analyze past human colonization events or support long-term conceptual design of future human colonization processes with small social formations into unfamiliar and uninhabited environments.
Is the cultural evolution of technology cumulative or combinatorial?
Authors: Winters James
Published: September 2020

Explanations of human technology often point to both its cumulative and combinatorial character. Using a novel computational framework, where individual agents attempt to solve problems by modifying, combining and transmitting technologies in an open-ended search space, this paper re-evaluates two prominent explanations for the cultural evolution of technology: that humans are equipped with (i) social learning mechanisms for minimizing information loss during transmission, and (ii) creative mechanisms for generating novel technologies via combinatorial innovation. Here, both information loss and combinatorial innovation are introduced as parameters in the model, and then manipulated to approximate situations where technological evolution is either more cumulative or combinatorial. Compared to existing models, which tend to marginalize the role of purposeful problem-solving, this approach allows for indefinite growth in complexity while directly simulating constraints from history and computation. The findings show that minimizing information loss is only required when the dynamics are strongly cumulative and characterised by incremental innovation. Contrary to previous findings, when agents are equipped with a capacity for combinatorial innovation, low levels of information loss are neither necessary nor sufficient for populations to solve increasingly complex problems. Instead, higher levels of information loss are advantageous for unmasking the potential for combinatorial innovation. This points to a parsimonious explanation for the cultural evolution of technology without invoking separate mechanisms of stability and creativity.
COVID-19 and Asian Americans: How Elite Messaging and Social Exclusion Shape Partisan Attitudes
Authors: Chan Nathan , Kim Jae Yeon , Leung Vivien
Published: September 2020

Extending theories of social exclusion and elite messaging, we argue that Trump's targeted rhetoric toward Asian Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic pushes the racial group, largely “Independent” or nonpartisan affiliated, to lean more towards the Democratic Party. This article supports this claim by combining social media (Study 1) and survey data (Study 2) analysis. Tracing 1.4 million tweets, we find that Trump's rhetoric has popularized racially charged coronavirus-related terms and that exclusionary, anti-Asian attitudes have increased in the U.S. since the pandemic began. Next, by analyzing repeated cross-sectional weekly surveys of Asian Americans from July 2019 to May 2020 (n=12,907), we find that the group has leaned more towards the Democratic Party since Trump first made inflammatory remarks towards Asian Americans. Whites, Blacks, and Latina/os, on the other hand, exhibited little and less consistent change in these democratic-related attitudes. Our findings suggest that experiences with social exclusion that are driven by elite sources further cement Asian Americans as Democrats.
A Theory of Sequential-Stage Signaling: Evidence from Equity-Crowdfunding
Authors: Shafi Kourosh , Colombo Massimo G.
Published: September 2020

We develop a theory of sequential-stage signaling that addresses how issuers’ signals are perceived by the receivers when there is an intermediary that facilitates the transaction and the intermediary’s incentives may not be aligned with those of signal receivers. We propose that boundedly-rational receivers may misinterpret costly signals indicating issuers’ underlying quality and consider signals revealing intermediary’s private information on issuers’ quality to be more informative. We apply the theory to the context of equity crowdfunding oﬀerings in the U.S. While the signal from ventures’ backing by professional investors is associated with more positive outcomes of the crowdfunding campaigns, our ﬁndings show that this eﬀect is mediated by the equity stake requested by the crowdfunding platforms as compensation for their services. The platforms’ "skin in the game" sends an additional easily-interpretable signal to crowd investors on venture quality.
Seeing like a State, Enacting like an Algorithm: (Re)assembling Contact Tracing and Risk Assessment during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Liu Chuncheng
Published: September 2020

As states increasingly use algorithms to improve the legibility of society, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic, it is common for concerns about the expanding power of the algorithm or the state to be raised in a deterministic manner. However, how are the algorithms for states’ legibility projects enacted, contested, and reconfigured? Drawing on interviews and media data, this study fills this gap by examining Health Code (jiankangma), the Chinese contact tracing and risk assessment algorithmic system that serves as the COVID-19 health passport. I first explore the intensive and invisible work and infrastructures that enact and stabilize Health Code’s sociotechnical assemblage. I then show how this assemblage is frequently challenged and destabilized by errors, breakdowns, and exclusions. Facing unintended engagements from heterogeneous social actors, local interests, and power hierarchies, Health Code reassembles into multiple and contradictory assemblages at different periods and social localities. Finally, I examine how people game and bypass the algorithm’s surveillance with their agencies. Recognizing this messiness and heterogeneity contributes to a more nuanced and realistic understanding of states’ use of algorithms, including the risks. Doing so also urges us to rethink the politics of citizenship and inequality in the digital age beyond inclusion.
Nominative technique, a simple tool for assessing illegal wildlife consumption
Authors: Davis Elizabeth , Crudge Brian , Glikman Jenny Anne
Published: September 2020

To test the efficacy of nominative technique within a small sample, we performed a total of 179 semi-structured interviews in Luang Prabang, northern Laos, in August 2017 and April 2019, using the domestic consumption of bears in northern Lao People’s Democratic Republic (hereafter Laos) as our case study. We also assessed whether the specialised questioning technique of nominative technique could be used within qualitative data collection methods, such as semi-structured interviews. The technique theoretically ensures more accurate statements of illegal wildlife consumption behaviour, by maintaining the anonymity of an individual’s sensitive behaviour through asking about the behaviour of peers. We also directly asked about participants’ use of bear bile. Nominative technique showed that approximately 11% of the participants’ peers used bear products, with respondents’ direct admittance of using bear bile was nearly double, at 23%. Use of bear parts appears to not be sensitive in northern Laos. In addition, a strong association was found between nominative technique and direct questioning responses, which indicates that users of bear parts have social networks with higher levels of use. This lends supports to theories that use of wildlife products is directly influenced by the social group. The underreporting found through nominative technique indicates the high variability of response that can occur within small samples; however, these results show that nominative technique may be a simple, useful tool for triangulating data, assessing users’ integration into social networks of use, and assessing changes in behaviour prevalence.
Do the populists have a say? Estimating their effect on topic prevalence and polarization in German state legislature
Authors: Idelberger Felix
Published: September 2020

Between 2008 and 2014, German politics experienced a shake-up by AfD’s move into the state parliaments. While many studies examine the party’s success factor in elections, only a few studies study the effect of the new party on parliamentary work. This thesis tests two hypotheses in this regard: First if the AfD set its primary focus on different policy areas than the other parties in the minor appellations and second if the entrance of the AfD leads to a higher polarization in a state parliament. We use the structural topic model to obtain topics for each appellation. To measure polarization, we rely on the expression of agreement and disagreement during a speech and a text classifier’s ability to distinguish between non-AfD and AfD speeches. As headline findings, we note that the AfD emphasizes policy areas in their appellations that provide the potential for populist statements such as extremism, migration, or law & order. Secondly, polarization generally increases with the party’s entrance into a state parliament, but the influence varies with the measurement chosen. More broadly, the results suggest that the STM and text classifiers’ metrics can be a reliable tool to draw inferences on significant research questions in social science.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS TEKS ANEKDOT SISWA KELAS X IPA VII SMAN 15 SURABAYA MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA FILM ANIMASI
Authors: Budiyono Sunu Catur
Published: September 2020

Berdasar hasil survei yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti—menunjukkan kualitas pembelajaran menulis siswa di kelas X IPA 7 SMAN 15 Surabaya tergolong masih rendah. Karenanya, tujuan penelitian ini adalah penerapan media film animasi agar dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis teks anekdot pada siswa kelas X IPA 7 SMAN 15 Surabaya. Haisl pembahasan, berdasarkan hasil tindakan pada siklus I dan II, dinyatakan terjadi peningkatan baik dari segi proses pembelajaran menulis anekdot (kerja sama siswa, inisiatif siswa, perhatian siswa, dan bekerja sistematis), maupun kualitas hasil keterampilan siswa (kemampuan siswa mengungkapkan gagasan, perbendaharaan kosa kata, penggunaan EBI, dan perolehan nilai).
MODEL PENILAIAN HASIL BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI MTs SWASTA KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU
Authors: Widodo Widodo
Published: September 2020

Penilaian ranah afektif pada tingkat spiritual merupakan salah satu jenis penilaian pada pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Namun, masalah yang ditemukan dilapangan, guru Pendidikan Agama Islam cenderung mengabaikan penilaian afektif pada tingkat spiritual dan lebih memfokuskan pembelajaran pada penuntasan kognitif semata. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana model penilaian hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) Untuk mengembangkan model penilaian hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta Kabupaten Rokan yang telah dilakukan selama ini. 2) Untuk mengembangkan Model Penilaian Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta Kabupaten Rokan Hulu yang ideal. Jenis penelitian ini mengunakan pengembangan (Research and Devlopment) yaitu model penilaian hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) Model penilaian hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Swasta dinyatakan belum valid., dan 2) Model yang ideal penilaian hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam di MTs Swasta Kabupaten Rokan Hulu, penulis lakukan melalui proses penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development). Sehingga model penilaian hasil belajar Pendidikan Agama Islam lebih efektif dan efesien.
MANAJEMEN PENINGKATAN MUTU SD NEGERI 1 GUMELAR SEBAGAI SEKOLAH UNGGULAN DI KECAMATAN GUMELAR KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
Authors: Kurniawan Yusep , Andriani Ana , Taniredja Tukiran
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui bagaimana manajemen peningkatan mutu SD Negeri 1 Gumelar sebagai sekolah unggulan; 2) mengetahui dampak manajemen peningkatan mutu sekolah terhadap prestasi lomba siswa; 3) mengetahui dampak manajemen peningkatan mutu sekolah terhadap hasil USBN siswa kelas VI. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan di SD Negeri 1 Gumelar. Teknik dan alat pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penyebaran angket dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) SD Negeri 1 Gumelar telah melaksanakan manajemen peningkatan mutu delapan standar nasional pendidikan dengan baik dan optimal. Manajemen peningkatan mutu yang belum optimal  terlihat pada standar kompetensi lulusan, standar pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan serta standar sarana dan prasarana. 2) Manajemen peningkatan mutu yang dilakukan memiliki dampak yang sangat baik terhadap prestasi lomba siswa. Terbukti SD Negeri 1 Gumelar menjadi juara umum dalam kegiatan lomba di tingkat kecamatan pada tahun 2019. 3) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen peningkatan mutu belum berdampak pada hasil USBN siswa kelas VI tahun 2018 dan 2019.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN GURU SDN 006 SENCANO JAYA DALAM MEMBUAT RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN (RPP) BERBASIS INKUIRI
Authors: Yusrizal Yusrizal
Published: September 2020

This research was carried out with the aim of increasing the ability of teachers to make lesson plans (RPP) using inquiry-based learning models, this inquiry-based learning model will have a learning impact on students' positive mental development, because through this learning, students have wide opportunities. to find and find for themselves what he needs, especially in abstract learning. The form of research undertaken was School Action Research (PTS) with 2 cycles. This research was conducted at SDN 006 Sencano Jaya, Batang Peranap District, Indragiri Hulu Regency with a sample size of 9 teachers. Based on the analysis of research data after applying the inquiry learning model, the ability of teachers to make lesson plans, that refer to Permendikbud Number 22 of 2016, has shown an increase, from cycle I to Cycle II. Cycle I to cycle II has increased. In the first cycle the teacher's average score was 71.66, and in the second cycle it increased to 85.00. Likewise, Classical Absorption (DSK) has increased. In the first cycle, the DSK was 35.00%, and in the second cycle it increased to 59.44%. So it can be concluded that this inquiry-based learning model by providing guidance and direction to teachers at SDN 006 Sencano Jaya can be said to be successful because it has increased from cycle I to cycle II.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF DENGAN BANTUAN MEDIA TULANG NAPIER TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS III SD IT DINIYAH PEKANBARU
Authors: Winanda Wulan , Putra Zetra Hainul , Zufriady Zufriady
Published: September 2020

The background of this research is less active students in the learning process. This study aims to determine the effect of cooperative learning models with the help of Napier bone media on mathematics learning outcomes in multiplication operations of third grade students at SD IT Diniyah Pekanbaru. The subjects of this study were 21 third grade students. The method in this study was pre-experimental using one group pretest posttest design. In this study data were collected using tests that were the initial test (pretest) and the final test (posttest). Based on the results of the hypothesis test obtained t_count = 15.9609 ≥ t_table = 1.7247. It can be concluded that there is an effect of applying cooperative learning models with the help of Napier bone media on mathematics learning outcomes in multiplication operations of third grade students of SD IT Diniyah Pekanbaru.
Undang-Undang Antikorupsi dalam Bingkai Konstruksi Media
Authors: Ramandita Ranti , Yuliana Gati Dwi
Published: September 2020

Pemberitaan revisi Undang-Undang KPK mencuat pada bulan Februari 2016 melalui frekuensi yang cukup tinggi. Seluruh media menampilkan berbagai informasi terkait pembahasan revisi Undang-Undang KPK dari berbagai sudut pandang. Salah satu media online melakukan pemberitaan dengan signifikan dari segi intensitas pemberitaan dibandingkan media lain, media tersebut adalah Republika.co.id. Republika.co.id telah menyajikan 305 artikel berita dalam satu bulan dengan mengangkat dua sudut pandang sekaligus, baik pihak yang menolak maupun pihak yang mendukung revisi Undang-Undang KPK. Akhirnya, terpaan yang dominan tersebut menjadi hal yang menarik untuk mengetahui bagaimana konstruksi pemberitaan Republika.co.id mengenai isu revisi Undang- Undang KPK pada bulan Februari. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Konstruksi Realitas Sosial Media sebagai pisau analisisnya. Penelitian ini melihat permasalahan melalui paradigma konstruktivis dan dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Artikel berita Republika.co.id merupakan data penelitian yang dikumpulkan melalui teknik dokumentasi. Data tersebut dikaji menggunalan analisis framing model Zhongdang Pan dan Gerald Kosicki. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konstruksi berita Republika.co.id cenderung tidak berpihak terhadap pendukung revisi Undang-Undang KPK. Agenda setting dan ideologi turut berperan dalam menentukan konstruksi pemberitaan yang dilakukan oleh Republika.co.id.
Model Literasi Media di Lingkungan Rumah Panti Asuhan
Authors: Pambudi Sigit Tri , Novianti Dewi
Published: September 2020

Perkembangan televisi dan internet telah membawa kecemasan baru, yaitu masalah isi (content) media, yang diyakini banyak menghadirkan program siaran yang tidak mendidik. Media interaktif yang semakin murah dan tersebar juga menghadirkan kecemasan tersendiri. Situs pornografi, permainan online, media sosial telah menyita waktu dan perhatian pelajar sehingga menyita waktu dan perhatian dalam belajar. Konsep berinternet yang sehat sulit untuk diterapkan karena sifatnya yang sangat personal. Oleh karena itu pemahaman literacy media sangat diperlukan sebagai self control. Penelitian ini mencari model literacy media di Panti Asuhan Yatim Piati dan Fakir Miskin Ibnu Fatah Berbah Sleman Yogyakarta. Melalui studi kualitatif penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media massa dan media internet di lingkungan Panti Asuhan Yatim Piatu dan Fakir Miskin Ibnu Fatah Berbah Sleman sangat dibatasi dan dipantau, namun anak-anak panti selalu mencari kesempatan. Mereka lebih antusias dengan media internet dari pada media ,massa. Mereka tetap mengakses situs- negatif walaupun mereka juga menyadari hal tersebut merusak. Diperlukan model media literacy dengan skema : Pertama, membuat system komunikasi yang terbuka antara pengasuh panti dan anak-anak panti. Kedua, menanamkan sistem nilai ajaran Islam yang kuat baik secara kognisi, afeksi dan kognasi sebagai self control. Ketiga, memperkenalkan kata-kata kunci positif dan negatif, Keempat, menyediakan sarana akses media yang digunakan secara terbimbing dan terjadwal.
Strategi Pelayanan Informasi untuk meningkatkan Keterbukaan Informasi Publik
Authors: Nababan Sintar
Published: September 2020

Hasil survey Komisi Informasi Pusat bahwa keterbukaan informasi publik dari Lembaga penyiaran TVRI sangat rendah jika dibandingkan dengan badan publik lainnya, seperti Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN), Perguruan Tinggi Negeri, dan lembaga lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi pelayanan lembaga penyiaran dalam meningkatkan keterbukaan informasi publik dan partisipasi masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pengambilan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada tiga strategi pelayanan siaran yang digunakan Lembaga Penyiaran Publik Padang, yaitu: 1) siaran harus bersifat netral, tidak berpihak kepada kepentingan salah satu pihak atau kelompok tertentu yang bersifat politik, agama ataupun golongan, informasi harus disampaikan untuk seluruh masyarakat Indonesia secara berimbang dan objektif; 2) tidak komersial, bahwa program siaran dapat mendidik, memberi hiburan yang berkualitas serta informasi yang sehat yang sesuai dengan budaya, kearifan lokal dan agama; 3) independen tidak tergantung pada dan dipengaruhi oleh pemerintah atau golongan tertentu dalam menentukan pola acara siaran yang mencirikan nilai-nilai kebangsaan, pluralisme dan nilai kearifan lokal sesuai dengan standar program siaran. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi kepada LPP TVRI Padang agar dapat meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai UU No.14 Tahun 2008 dengan peningkatkan kompetensi SDM agar dapat mengikuti perkembangan teknologi informasi komunikasi (TIK), dan dapat segera menggunakan aplikasi yang telah ditentukan oleh Komisi Informasi Pusat sehingga mampu bersaing dengan lembaga publik lainnya.
Model Manajemen Bisnis dan Komunikasi Pemasaran Stasiun Radio di Era Digital dan Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Sadeli Sadeli , Sosiawan Edwi Arief
Published: September 2020

Persaingan bisnis siaran radio semakin membuncah karena kondisi persaingan kanal yang rapat di Yogyakarta disertai dengan kondisi perubahan sosial akibat adanya revolusi 4.0. Digitalisasi dari revolusi industri 4.0 turut menurunkan jumlah pendengar radio karena lebih mudah mendapatkan informasi dan musik yang selama ini diperoleh hanya dari radio. I-Radio Jogja sebagai radio berjaringan tentunya memiliki tantangan dalam bersaing dengan pemain lama bisnis radio di Yogyakarta selain radio baru lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan model manajemen bisnis dan komunikasi poemasaran stasiun radio di era disgitgalisasi revolusi 4.0. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan model manajemen bisnis radio harus mengedepankan konten lokal dengan menggabungkan antara acara musik dan informasi. Waktu prime time untuk kalangan muda sebagai pendengar adalah saat pagi dan sore hari. Dari sisi klien model manajemen yang ideal adalah menggunakan penawaran diskon dan mempertimbangkan keseimbangan keuntungan kedua belah pihak dengan penawaran terintegrasi dengan jaringan radio lainnya.
Primary Bilateral Papilledema Due Myxedema
Authors: Bawaskar Himmatrao
Published: September 2020

Hypothyroidism is a highly prevalent disorder and can substantially impact the well-being of an individual. Till date there is no single accurate optimal target zone for thyroid stimulating hormone concentration that exists in the context of replacement of thyroid hormone. Due to the gradually progressive nature and insidious onset of disease, it often remains unrecognized
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI DAN INDEPENDENSI AUDITOR TERHADAP KUALITAS AUDIT DENGAN ETIKA AUDITOR SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING PADA KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Dokman Dokman Marulitua Situmorang, Erlina, Bambang Satriawan
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh hubungan antara Kompetensi terhadap kualitas audit, Independensi terhadap kualitas audit, kompetensi dan independensi terhadap kualitas audit serta mengetahui apakah etika auditor sebagai variabel moderasi mampu memoderasi kompetensi terhadap kualitas audit, independensi terhadap kualitas audit. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 60 auditor yang terdiri dari 10 kantor akuntan public yang ada dikota medan. Untuk alat analisis dengan mengunakan uji asumsi klasik dan uji residual. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa hubungan antara kompetensi terhadap kualitas audit berpengaruh positif, independensi berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas audit, demikian juga secara bersamaan kompetensi, independensi berpengaruh positif terhadap kualitas audit. Sedangkan hasil moderasi, bahwa etika auditor bukanlah variabel moderasi yang mampu mempengaruhi kompetensi terhadap kualitas audit dan independensi terhadap kualitas audit
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENCEGAHAN KECURANGAN AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN DENGAN TATA KELOLA PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI
Authors: Tumpal Manik
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kecurangan akuntansi melalui kualitas SDM, sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah, Sistem pengendalian intern dan pemanfatan teknologi informasi terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan yang dimoderasi tata kelola pemerintahan di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Data penelitian sebanyak 250 respenden. Pengolahan hasil melalui uji asumsi klasik, uji t, uji t dan uji determinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pencegahan kecurangan akuntansi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan sebesar 68%. kemudian pengaruh lainnya penerapan sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah sebesar 28%. sistem pengendalian intern sebesar 7,8%, pemanfatan teknologi informasi sebesar 19,8%. Sedangkan interaksi variabel moderasi tata kelola pemerintahan memperkuat pengaruh kualitas sdm, sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah sistem pengendalian internal terhadap kualitas laporan keuangan sebesar 68%.
METODA PEMBELAJARAN AKUNTANSI KEPERILAKUAN DAN KORELASINYA TERHADAP PREFERENSI RISIKO MAHASISWA DALAM PEMILIHAN KARIR: SEBUAHEKSPERIMENTAL SEMU (Studi Empiris pada Program Studi Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi UMRAH)
Authors: Jack Febriand Adel dan  M. Syuzairi
Published: September 2020

Metoda Pembelajaran yang efektif mampu mempengaruhi preferensi risiko mahasiswa. Mata kuliah Akuntansi Keperilakuan adalah mata kuliah program studi Akuntansi yang bertujuan mempelajari bagaimana akuntan berperilaku dalam menjalankan aktifitas jasanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan memberikan deskripsi mengenai metoda pembelajaran dan korelasinya terhadap preferensi risiko dalam pemilihan karir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian eksperimental semu. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Metoda Pembelajaran Akuntansi Berkorelasi Terhadap Preferensi Risiko Mahasiswa Dalam Pemilihan Karir.
Depiction of Self & Others: A Corpus-Based Study of Personal Pronouns in Autobiographies
Authors: Riaz Dar Shazia , Masroor Farzana
Published: September 2020

Autobiographies provide useful insights from the narrator’s personal experiences, feelings, ideas, challenges and struggles. This paper explores the autobiographies of two women politicians, Benazir Ali Bhutto (BB) and Indira Gandhi (IG) from Pakistan and India, with a focus on personal pronouns from a feminist perspective. This study undertakes only three personal pronouns (I, we and they) in order to examine how the selected authors, project their self-image in their autobiographies and how they describe their relationships with others. Through corpus-based discourse analysis (CADS) this research throws new light on the narratives of the female leaders by recounting their portrayal of selves accomplishing different roles and duties in their situational dynamics and constraints. The findings of the study contribute to feminist literature by providing insights into the struggles of ‘accomplished’ women in their respective societies that transcends any geographical, religious and cultural boundaries.
A Comparative Study on Math-Science and Social Students Concerning Their Passive Voice Mastery: A Comparative Study at the Second Year Students of State Senior High School 6 of Palembang
Authors: Anggraini Mia Rosa
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The main problem of this study was â€œIs there any significant difference in passive voice mastery between the eleventh grade students in math-science and social major of State Senior High School 6 of Palembang?â€ Thus, the main objective of this study was to find out whether or not there is significant difference in passive voice mastery between the eleventh grade students in math-science and social major. In conducting the study, the writer used causal-comparative analysis. To obtain the data, the writer used two instruments; passive voice test and questionnaire. The data of passive voice test was analyzed through Standard Deviation (SD) finding which is combined to the Degree of Freedom finding (DF), and used the T-Test formula with Separated Variance Pattern. In analyzing the questionnaire, the writer calculated the percentage of each item. Based on the analysis, the average score of passive voice test obtained by math-science students was 88.2 while social students got 80.9. Furthermore, the result of questionnaire showed that math-science students gave 75% of positive perceptions toward English class, on the other hand, social students only gave 25%. The calculation of comparative analysis showed that tobservation was lower than ttable (0.184<1.995). It indicates that Ho was accepted and Ha was rejected. In other words, there was no significant difference in passive voice mastery between the eleventh grade students in math-science and social major of State Senior High School 6 of Palembang.Â
MIXED ABILITY CLASSES IN EFL LEARNING: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Luspa Diana
Published: September 2020

Abstract: Every learner has his own learning style, linguistic background knowledge or individual face of learning and developing. Therefore, the majority of foreign language classes involve students of varying abilities. One class can consist of learners who display a number of differences in their learning abilities, motivation, previous exposure to learning, learning style, personality, attitude, and hundred thousands other features that anyone can think of . The situation becomes one challenge for many ESL/EFL teachers in teaching mixed ability classes. This emerges some educators to differentiate the instructions, set grouping strategies, create well structured cooperative activities and integrate meaningful content for the learners who may struggle with first and second language literacy skills. Therefore, if the teacher wants to ensure that all students perform to their maximum potential, the teacher must identify these problems and deal with them accordingly.
USING OBLIQUE TECHNIQUE TO TEACHING TRANSLATION OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENDS OF SMA NURUL AMAL PALEMBANG
Authors: Theriana Ana
Published: September 2020

Abstract: In Indonesian educational system, English is one of the compulsory subjects instructed at school. The student learn English for the first time formally when they are still in the kindergarten up to the university as a foreign language, the students finds the difficulties to learn the four skills of English which are listening, speaking, reading and writing, and English also have some aspects in learning such as: structure, vocabulary, and also grammar.The problem of this study was â€œIs it effective to use oblique technique to the eleventh grade students of SMA NURUL AMAL Palembangâ€. The objective of this study was to find out whether or not it is effective to use Oblique Technique to the eleventh grade students SMA NURUL AMAL Palembang. The writer used pre-experimental method. The populations of this study were all the eleventh grade students of SMA NURUL AMAL Palembang in academic year 2011-2012. The sample of this study was 42 students, taken by using cluster random sampling method. The written tests were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed through matched t-test.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LISTENING STRATEGIES AND STUDENTâ€™S ACHIEVEMENT AT 2nd SEMESTER STUDENTS OF ACCOUNTING PROGRAM POLITEKNIK SEKAYU
Authors: Maria Alfha Desiana
Published: September 2020

Abstract: the aimed of the current study was to describe the relationship between listening strategies and studentâ€™s achievement at second semester students of accounting program Politeknik Sekayu. A total population of the research was 160 students. The sample was taken by using convenience sampling which consist of 86 students were involved in this study. Futhermore, there were two variables in this research. The first one was listening strategies (variable X) and the second one was studentâ€™s achievement (variable Y). A listening strategy questionnaire was used to identify the strategies they employed in listening was taken from scoring. Based on the data analysis of the listening strategy questionnaire revealed that 2nd semester students of accounting program, it was found that the r-obtained (0.176) was higher than r- table (0.0845). then the level of probability (p) significant relationship (sig.2-tailed) was 0.043. it means that p (0.043) was lower than .05. it meant that null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is rejected. From the reserch finding, it can be concluded that there was significant relationship between the listening strategies and the studentsâ€™ listening achievement
Internment: The Impact of Internment on Issei and Nisei's Identity in Philip Kan Gotanda's Sisters Matsumoto
Authors: Kamel Muthana Rajiha
Published: September 2020

During World War II, more than 110 000 Japanese Americans including those Americans of Japanese roots were forced into interior camps after Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. This experience left indelible scars on the Japanese Americans.
C.S. Parnell, a Controversial Irish Political Leader
Authors: S. Qasim Mohammed , A. Sabi Munthir , R. Hussein Fatima
Published: September 2020

Charles Stewart Parnell (1846-91), an Irish political leader of nationalists, causes a national controversy and division by taking Kitty O'Shea, wife of one of his followers, Captain O'Shea, as his mistress. This leads to massive contention between the Irish Catholic Church the nationalist strugglers, who deem him as their own leader and denounce the Church for its involvement in politics. This love story, condemned by the Church as adultery, becomes one of the rarest romances, matched by the famous mad love of Catherine and Heathcliff in Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights (1847), as depicted by Dorothy Eden in her novel, Never Call it Loving(1966). Eden is most sympathetic to this estranged wife, Kitty, who falls in love with the most charismatic man, Mr. Parnell; like Heathcliff, Parnell dies miserably, leaving the Irish nation in serious schism. This moving novel is analysed as a sample of historical fiction, which delights readers by its accurate and impressive depiction of this romance; historians can rarely do this, for they're concerned with mere dry facts.
الحجاج البلاغي
Authors: Dawood Abdulhassan Adnan
Published: September 2020

يعدّ الحِجاج مفهوما ثقافيا، يسير في أواصر منتظمة مع البيئة المحيطة المتكلم والسامع، وهذا ما دعا إلى تجديد المفهوم، وضبط التقنيات، وقد ضمّ هذا البحث تقنيات الحجاج البلاغي عند بيرلمان وتكتيكاه مفهوما وتطبيقا، على نصوص شعرية، محاولة لرصد الملامح الحجاجية فيها، ولا يخفى أنّ النص الشعري ذو طبيعة تأثيرية بامتياز، مما يسهم بشكل فاعل استيعاب تقنيات الحجاج البلاغي.
صيغ مركبة وتعابير من السومرية والأكدية في اللغات الحديثة
Authors: Mohammad Ahmed Kozad
Published: September 2020

سنين طويلة مرت على تأليف الاستاذ الجليل طه باقر كتابه القيم ’من تراثنا اللغوي القديم،(باقر،2010) [i] ذكر فيه العديد من الكلمات، في غالبيتها العظمى اسماء اشياء ونباتات ومعادن واطعمة وادوات وغيرها، تستعمل في اللغات واللهجات العراقية الحديثة وهى من التراث اللغوي لبلاد الرافدين القديم، السومرية والأكدية على وجه التخصيص، وبعضها من الآرامية. ورغم أن ما يحويه الكتاب القيّم المذكور ليس كله موروثا، بل فيه ما هو مشترك بين اللغات السامية، فان محتواه لا يزال من الغنى بحيث يسمح للباحث التوسع والتعمق في اغلب مواده. ومن الملفت ايضا ان الدراسة في حقل هذه اللغات القديمة وما تكشفه من خفاياها، تضيف جديدا كل يوم الى الخزين الكبير من الموروث والى اكتشاف المزيد من المشتركات. وقد اظهرت الدراسات ان السومرية تكاد تكون المصدر الرئيس الذي استعارت منه اللغات الاخرى في بلاد الرافدين وما جاورها وذلك بحكم أنها لغة المؤسسين الرئيسين لحضارة بلاد الرافدين الى جانب مساهمات لا نعرف لحد الآن مداها وحجمها بالضبط من قبل ما يصطلح عليهم باسم ’الفراتيون الاوائل (علي ، 1989 ، ص 30-33 ؛ Rubio , 1999 , p.1-16)،

 

[i] انظر الطبعة التي صدرت حديثا للكتاب: باقر، طه، من تراثنا اللغوي القديم، لندن (الوراق)، 2010.