bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Women Entrepreneurship and the Road to Success
Authors: Arora Navmi , Jain Prashasti
Published: May 2023

Human behaviour is a result of personal and environmental factors. People who exhibit exceptional qualities are the ones who have the fire within them to achieve something different and exceptional in life. Creating something new is a task that requires spark within one's personality. Observing or perceiving the need for change, planning for bringing about the change, and implementing the strategies to accomplish the target is what can be called entrepreneurship, which involves exploitation of opportunities, evaluation, and discovery.
Effect of Ligand Concentration on the Stability and Copper (II) Sensing Performance of Humic Acid-Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Lopez Edgar Clyde R. , Zafra Michael Angelo , Gavan Jon Nyner L. , Villena Emil David A. , Perez Jem Valerie D.
Published: May 2023

Detecting heavy metals in water is necessary to ensure its safety. However, current detection methods require costly equipment, making heavy metal monitoring challenging. Colorimetric detection of heavy metals using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) relies on the optical spectra changes when it detects an analyte. We have previously shown that a colorimetric assay comprised of humic acid - functionalized AgNPs (HA-AgNPs) can selectively detect copper ions in water. Here, we investigated the effect of humic acid concentration on the stability of HA-AgNPs and their ability to detect copper. HA acts as a capping agent around the AgNPs, making them stable even for up to 48 days of storage in both ambient and cold storage environments. At critical HA concentrations of 5 mg L-1 and beyond, the changes in the optical properties of the HA-AgNPs are linearly dependent on Cu (II) concentration. Below this critical HA concentration, Cu (II) sensing is futile. The most stable HA-AgNPs is at HA = 25 mg L-1 based on zeta potential measurements, while the best assay for colorimetric copper (II) detection is at HA = 50 mg L-1, giving the lowest detection limit of 4.35 mg L-1 and R2 = 0.999 within a dynamic linear range of 0.00 to 1.25 mM Cu (II). We have shown that the ligand concentration is critical for achieving stable AgNP assays for heavy metal detection.
Investigation on Absorption and Photocurrent in Silicon Absorber with Varied Pyramid Texture Angles by Ray Tracer
Authors: Rosle Mohamad Aliff Asraff , Pakhuruddin Mohd Zamir
Published: May 2023

In this work, ray tracing is used to investigate the effects of pyramid texture angle towards light absorption and photocurrent in 250 μm-thick crystalline silicon (c-Si) absorber. Upright pyramids with texture angles of 10-50o are investigated. Planar c-Si absorber is used as a reference. When the pyramid angle increases, the broadband reflection reduces due to enhanced light scattering which leads to improved light absorption. At angle of 50o, the weighted average reflection (WAR) reduces to 14.7% and broadband light absorption increases. The optical path length enhancement increases to 12 at wavelength of 1100 nm. The reflection and photogenerated current density (Jg) exhibit an inverse relationship with increasing zenith angle. With increasing zenith angle, the reflection from the c-Si absorber increases and this results in lower light absorption and Jg. In the passivated emitter rear cell (PERC) solar cell, the planar solar cell exhibits short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 26 mA/cm2 with conversion efficiency of 13.6%. When both the pyramids and the silicon nitride (SiNx) anti-reflective coating (ARC) are incorporated on the solar cell, the Jsc increases to 39 mA/cm2 and conversion efficiency increases to 20.5%. This is attributed to the enhanced light-trapping and light-coupling effects in the device.
Study of Strained-SiGe Channel P-MOSFET Using Silvaco TCAD: Impact of Channel Thickness
Authors: Mohd Salleh Siti NorFarah Nadia , Abd Rahim Alhan Farhanah , Mohd Razali Nurul Syuhadah , Radzali Rosfariza , Mahmood Ainorkhilah , Hamzah Irni Hamiza
Published: May 2023

Compressively strained SiGe is an interesting channel material for sub 45 nm p-MOSFETs because of its superior hole mobility (up to 10x over bulk Si channels) and compatibility with current Si manufacturing technologies. In this work, the impact of heterostructure composition and SiGe channel thickness on the electrical characteristics of p-MOSFET are studied. Using strained Si0.8Ge0.2 p-MOSFET, the thickness was altered to a few thicknesses of 3 nm, 5 nm, 7 nm, and 9 nm respectively. The optimal thickness was then used for Ge compositions (x = 0.2). The project was realized utilizing computer-aided Silvaco TCAD tools, with ATHENA tools creating the p-MOSFET structure and ATLAS tools doing the device simulation. The strained-Si1-xGex p-MOSFET and the Si p-MOSFET were compared in terms of their performances. The ID-VG and ID-VD characteristics, as well as the threshold voltage, VTH extraction, were the focus of the device simulation. The 7 nm thickness strained-Si0.8Ge0.2 p-MOSFET exhibited lower VTH than other SiGe thicknesses and the Si p-MOSFET which is VTH = 0.074 V. The lower threshold voltage of the strained-Si0.8Ge0.2 with 7 nm thickness indicating that the strained-Si1-xGex contributed to the decreased power consumption. In addition, the extracted IDsat for the strained-Si0.8Ge0.2 p-MOSFET with 7nm thickness provided higher IDsat compared to conventional Si p-MOSFET and other SiGe thicknesses devices. As compared to Si p-MOSFETs, the output characteristics of the strained-Si1-xGex demonstrated a drain current improvement by a factor of 1.01.
Heavy-Ion-Induced Defects in Degraded SiC Power MOSFETs
Authors: Martinella Corinna , Bathen Marianne Etzelmüller , Javanainen Arto , Grossner Ulrike
Published: May 2023

Cathodoluminescence spectroscopy is used to investigate the formation of point- and extended defects in SiC power MOSFETs exposed to heavy-ions. Devices showing single event leakage current (SELC) effects are analysed and compared to pristine samples. Common luminescence peaks of defect centers localized in the thermal-SiO2 are identified, together with peaks at the characteristic wavelength of extended defects.
The Influence of Extended Defects in 4H-SiC Epitaxial Layers on Gate Oxide Performance and Reliability
Authors: Schlichting Holger , Lim Minwho , Becker Tom , Kallinger Birgit , Erlbacher Tobias
Published: May 2023

For the ongoing commercialization of power devices based on 4H-SiC, increasing the yield and improving the reliability of these devices is becoming more and more important. In this investigation, gate oxide on 4H-SiC was examined by time-zero dielectric breakdown (TZDB) and constant current stress (CCS) time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) method in order to get insights into the influence of the epitaxial defects on the gate oxide performance and reliability. For that purpose, MOS capacitors with different gate oxides have been fabricated. Crystal defects in the epitaxial layers have been detected and mapped by ultraviolet photoluminescence (UVPL) and interference contrast (DIC) imaging. The results of the comparison of electrical data and surface mapping data indicate a negative influence on the leakage current behavior for some extended epitaxial defects. Results from TDDB measurement indicated numerous extrinsic defects, which can be traced back to gate oxide processing conditions and defect densities.
Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) Recognition Using DCT-CWT Based Discriminant and Optimized RBF Neural Network
Authors: Harkat Amel , Benzid Redha
Published: May 2023

A new method for premature ventricular contraction (PVC) detection and classification is presented. The proposed algorithm is constituted of two principal phases: the features extraction and reduction phase and the optimized classification phase. In the first phase, the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) are applied on each ECG beat to generate an augmented features vector. For the optimized classification phase, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network classifier is trained and optimized by the bat algorithm. For the aim of performances evaluation of the proposed method, the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database has been used. Consequently, the BAT-RBF classifier yielded an overall sensitivity of 95,2% and an accuracy of 98,2%, confirming clearly the competitiveness of the proposed method compared to some recent and powerful algorithms.
Towards Sic-Based VUV Pin-Photodiodes - Investigations on 4H-SiC Photodiodes with Shallow Implanted Al Emitters
Authors: Schraml Michael , Papathanasiou Niklas , May Alexander , Weiss Tilman , Erlbacher Tobias
Published: May 2023

4H silicon carbide (SiC) based pin photodiodes with a sensitivity in the vacuum ultraviolet spectrum (VUV) demand newly developed emitter doping profiles. This work features the first ever reported 4H-SiC pin photodiodes with an implanted p-emitter and a noticeable sensitivity at a wavelength of 200 nm. As a first step, Aluminum doping profiles produced by low energy ion implantation in 4H-SiC were characterized by secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Photodiodes using these shallow emitters are compared to one with a deep p-emitter doping profile employing IV characteristics and the spectral response. SIMS results demonstrate the possibility of shallow Alimplantation profiles using low implantation energies with all emitter profiles featuring characteristic I-V results. For some shallow doping profiles, a meassurable signal at the upper limit of the VUV spectrum could be demonstrated, paving the way towards 4H-SiC pin photodiodes with sensitivities for wavelengths below 200 nm.
Characteristics of Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite Based on Sand Lobster Shells (Panulirus homarus) as Sources of Calcium with Optimal Calcination Temperature
Authors: Dinatha I Kadek Hariscandra , Jamilludin Muhammad Amir , Supii Apri I. , Wihadmadyatami Hevi , Partini Juliasih , Yusuf Yusril
Published: May 2023

In this work, bioceramic hydroxyapatite (HAp) was synthesized based on sand lobster shells (Panulirs homarus) as a source of calcium using the precipitation method. Sand lobster shell powder was calcinated with temperature variations of 600, 800, and 1000 °C for 6 hours. The effect of calcination temperature on sand lobster shell powder was characterized to determine the optimal temperature for the synthesis of HAp. Based on the XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) characterization, the highest calcium content (Ca) was 93% at a calcination temperature of 1000 oC. This result was supported by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectrum that increasing the calcination temperature will reduce the intensity of carbonate ion (CO32-). These results showed that 1000 °C was the best calcination temperature on sand lobster shells to synthesize HAp. The characterization result of HAp using EDX (Energy Dispersive X-Ray) revealed that the molar ratio of Ca/P was 1.73. The FTIR and XRD (X-Ray Diffractometer) spectral pattern indicate that HAp had been successfully synthesized with minor-TCP, which is also a calcium phosphate with high biocompatibility.
Gate Dielectric Current Transport Mechanisms in N-SiC Metal Oxide Semiconductor Capacitor
Authors: Chand Umesh , Bera Lakshmi Kanta , Singh Navab , Han K.M. , Voo Qin Gui Roth , Chua Calvin Hung Ming , Chung Surasit
Published: May 2023

In this work, the voltage and temperature behavior of gate leakage current transport in SiC/SiO2 metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitor was investigated. The wide range of gate voltage from-50 to 50V and temperature from 300 to 400 K, respectively uses to study the gate current conduction mechanism. Two dominant gate leakage current transport modes in SiO2 during strong accumulation with the application of positive bias were caused by Fowler–Nordheim (FN) tunneling and Poole-Frenkel (PF) emission leakage conduction. For positively biased case, FN tunneling in the range of 30-40 V dominates the gate leakage current and Poole–Frenkel conduction attributed beyond 40 V.
Case Study of Applying 3D Laser Scanning Technology to Spacing Inspection of Rebar Placing Work
Authors: Kim Ju Yong , Jeong Seo Hee , Kim Jin Wook , Kim Gwang Hee
Published: May 2023

The technology of the 4th industrial revolution is providing opportunities to improve productivity in various fields including the construction industry. The level of activation of domestic smart construction technology is on the rise, and especially the technology linking 3D scanning and BIM improves the efficiency of management in the construction and maintenance stages. In this study, we are to increase the timeliness of quality inspection by applying 3D scanning technology to frame work with high dependence on manpower during construction work. In this study used case of applying technology. The precision of rebar construction by converting the subject of the study into data that can be analyzed through a three-step 3D scanning process and comparing it with a 3D BIM model based on design drawings was identified by case study. The result of the study showed that it was possible to compare the rebar spacing in the design drawing and the rebar spacing of the actual rebar. When 3D scanning technology was applied based on the research results, it was found that it is a highly efficient method compared to the existing method in the operation of the work type. Therefore, it is thought that it will be possible to contribute to the improvement of the competitiveness of the construction industry by securing examples of applying the 4th industrial revolution technology to various types of work and using it for future research.
Oxide and Interface Defect Analysis of lateral 4H-SiC MOSFETs through CV Characterization and TCAD Simulations
Authors: Vasilev Aleksandr , Feil Maximilian Wolfgang , Schleich Christian , Stampfer Bernhard , Rzepa Gerhard , Pobegen Gregor , Grasser Tibor , Waltl Michael
Published: May 2023

We investigated oxide and interface defects of lateral 4H-SiC MOSFETs through capacitance-voltage (C-V) and conductance-voltage (G-V) characterization at various frequencies and temperatures. By employing consecutive up and down sweeps of the gate voltage at three different temperatures, we experimentally characterized the hysteresis width as the difference between up and down sweeps in the depletion to accumulation (d-a) and depletion to inversion (d-i) regions. We observed an increase in the hysteresis width with decreasing temperature. Although the hysteresis width is not affected by the small-signal frequency, at the same time, increasing the frequency leads to a strong stretch-out effect, especially in the d-i region.Our measurement results indicate that the hysteresis deformation of the C-V curves is dominated by three different trap types. First, interface acceptor-like defects located close to the conduction band can follow the small-signal frequency. Slower acceptor-like border traps with trap levels both close to the conduction band and in the middle of the band gap are however responsible for the increase of trapped negative charge with increasing gate voltage. Finally, we assume the presence of a fixed positive charge.
Assessing, Controlling and Understanding Parameter Variations of SiC Power MOSFETs in Switching Operation
Authors: Aichinger Thomas , Feil Maximilian Wolfgang , Salmen Paul
Published: May 2023

Semiconductor manufacturers and researchers have recently revealed that under specific bipolar gate switching conditions SiC MOSFETs exhibit parameter drift dynamics different from those typically observed in static qualification stress tests. In response to this finding, we present an approach for assessing the worst-case drift of data-sheet-relevant electrical parameters in a simple and transparent manner for a large variety of application profiles. We also introduce an empirical model that may explain the drift dynamics observed under gate switching stress; and discuss a recently developed interface characterization technique that has the potential to reveal the nature of point defects at the SiC/SiO2 interface presumably related to the gate switching instability in SiC MOSFETs.
Conductive Filament Composites from Waste Battery Rod-Derived Exfoliated Graphite for Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing: A Two-Level Factorial Design Optimization Study
Authors: Macalalad Jefferson A. , Robiso Seth F. , Opiña John Marlou T. , Mendoza Von  Gerrick G. , de Ocampo Anton Louise P. , Maalihan Reymark D.
Published: May 2023

This study used carbon rods from spent zinc-carbon batteries as a source of exfoliated graphite (EG) to produce conductive filament composites for fused deposition modeling 3D printing. The EG filler was prepared through microwave irradiation, while the resulting 3D printable electroconductive EG composites were prepared using polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the polymer matrix and compatibilizer, respectively, via a sonication-assisted solution blending and melt extrusion process. A two-level full factorial design was employed to fully investigate the influence of filament production parameters such as EG loading, PEG:PLA ratio, and sonication time on the resistivity (i.e., conductivity-1) of the prepared composites. Analysis of variance showed that both EG loading and sonication time had significant effects on the resistivity of the composites. The optimum electrical resistivity of the new EG filament composites was found to be 916.418 Ω-cm (maximum conductivity = 1.091 x10-3 S/cm) at EG loading = 45 % w/w, PEG:PLA ratio = 1:10, and sonication time = 2 hours. The conductivity of the 3D printed composites was also correlated with EG amount by the power law model of percolation theory, resulting in an electrical percolation threshold at around 35 % w/w of EG. Our filament composites enable the fabrication of high-value conductive materials from waste resources for sustainable additive manufacturing in the electronics industry.
The Effect of Polymeric Surfactant on Adhesion and Uniformity of Ag-TiO2 Coating on Air Filter with Self-Cleaning Capability
Authors: Pranangrong Duangdaw , Kraikruan Ratima , Eksangsri Tippabust , Sapcharoenkun Chaweewan
Published: May 2023

This research is a continuing study on F9-filter development via Ag-TiO2 coating to promote volatile organic compounds (VOCs) removal and antibacterial activity. Problems of poor adhesion and uniform distribution of coating material on the filter surface were observed, so the addition of a polymeric surfactant (PS), which behaves as both a binder and a surfactant, was applied in this study in order to solve such problems. Dip coated F9-filter samples with a selection of Ag-TiO2 suspension were characterized and tested. Environmental scanning electron microscope was used to characterize uniform coating distribution on an air filter. Self-cleaning test was performed in accordance with ISO 27448. The results showed that Ag-TiO2 with PS dip coating on air filters provide good adhesion and high uniformity. It is also found that self-cleaning capability of Ag-TiO2 with PS coated filter is increasing with increasing of Ag-TiO2 and PS concentrations. Within a scope of this work, only visible light can drive Ag-TiO2 to undertake photocatalytic activity. Hence, improvement of Ag-TiO2 coating on F9- filter is confirmed when PS is applied.
Sol-Gel Derived Bioactive Glasses as Synthetic Bone Substitutes
Authors: Naruphontjirakul Parichart
Published: May 2023

Bioactive glasses based on the SrBGs: 45SiO2 - 6P2O5 - 15SrO - 34CaO, 5Zn-SrBGs (wt.%): 45SiO2 - 6P2O5 - 15SrO - 29CaO - 5ZnO (wt.%), and 5Ce-SrBGs: 45SiO2 - 6P2O5 - 15SrO - 29CaO – 5CeO (wt.%) were successfully synthesised through the sol-gel process under the acid condition. The concentration of nitric acid at 0.01M was an optimal condition to accelerate the hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions in these systems. SEM images showed the primary particle nucleus growth in the morphological structure of the SrBGs, 5Zn-SrBGs, and 5Ce-SrBGs. FTIR spectra indicated the incorporation of therapeutic cations in the glass structure whilst maintaining the morphological structure. XRD and SEM suggested the crystalline apatite formation on the surface of BGs after the BGs were incubated in the simulated body fluid (SBF) at pH 7.4 for 21 days. EDS-SEM indicated the apatite formation whilst containing doping ions in the glass structure. All three BGs formulations could promote the murine pre-osteoblast cell (MC3T3-E1) cell proliferation at the concentration between 200-250 µg/mL and have no in vitro cytotoxicity on MC3T3-E1 cells up to the concentration of 1mg/mL.
Improvement of Interface Properties for Thermally Oxidized SiC/SiO2 MOS Capacitor by Post Oxidation Annealing Treatment
Authors: Chand Umesh , Bera Lakshmi Kanta , Singh Navab , Han K.M. , Voo Qin Gui Roth , Chua Calvin Hung Ming , Chung Surasit
Published: May 2023

In this work, we report an innovative approach to improve the interface properties of SiC/SiO2 metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) capacitors. High temperature (1350°C) oxidation under different ambient is followed by a combination of post-oxidation annealing (POA) treatments using N2, N2O and NO gases. TOF-SIMS analysis shows silicon and nitrogen peaks near the SiC/SiO2 interface. The silicon peak is attributed to the emission of silicon and carbon atoms during high temperature oxidation. The accumulation of nitrogen is caused by the presence of nitrogen during oxidation or POA. One of the lowest interface-trap densities along with good dielectric strength has been demonstrated with the N2 and NO gas POA treatment.
Collagen: A Promising Molecule in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Martinez Angie Tatiana Toro , Buitrago-Sierra Robison , Aponte Alvaro Guzmán
Published: May 2023

Collagen has been widely used in biomedical applications, mainly to develop structures (cell scaffolds) that allow cell growth and differentiation processes. This biomolecule is also used in cosmetics because it is an essential ingredient of certain makeup and in pharmaceutics for bandages to treat wounds and burns. However, the use of collagen has been limited by the ethical and moral implications of the (typically animal) sources from which it is extracted. Therefore, alternative, more environmentally friendly sources should be found to obtain collagen. Extracting collagen from fishing industry waste (such as scales, bones, and fish skin) has been presented as an advantageous alternative to obtain this biomaterial, which has also shown promising results due to its biocompatibility with human structures (organs and tissues). The characteristics of this molecule and other sources from which it can be obtained should be further studied.
Wear Resistance of Bio-Polymer Composite Base on Cotton Post-Harvest Line Residues
Authors: Tichy Martin , Valášek Petr , Müller Miroslav
Published: May 2023

New trend in material engineering are composites with biological-based fillers. On of aim in biological-bases composite is how to use waste from agriculture production i.e. unused secondary products known as residues. The aim of this research is experimental investigation of wear resistance of bio-polymer composite reinforce by cotton post-harvest line residues. These residues come from cotton production as a waste which contain cotton stems and plant roots. Most of these residues are burned as energy source, but residues can find other utilization. Composites based on polymer can solve friction and wear problems in industry for their advantages as self-lubrication, light weight, easy of properties modification, etc. This research is part of wide study dealing with material utilization of post-harvest line residues. Mass loss of wear resistance at composite PCFC 500 with short fibres decrease against the matrix up to 21% on 19.28 mg.
Quality and safety of care: Moroccan experience
Authors: Meziane Sara , Chbab Youness , Taous Mohammed , Bourkhiss Brahim
Published: May 2023

Background. The Ministry of Health and Social Protection (MOHSP) of the Moroccan Kingdom acknowledges the crucial need to improve the quality and safety of care provided to patients. As a result, they have launched a process that involves, developing a conceptual framework and implementing national health policies aimed to enhance services offered to hospital users.Objective. The aim of this study is to identify all the approaches developed by the MOHSP since 1990 to enhance the quality and safety of care.Materials and Methods. This study is a descriptive qualitative analysis. The data was collected over a six-month period, through semi-structured interviews with professionals reporting to the MOHSP, and through a document analysis.Results. The results provide a comprehensive description of approaches to quality and safety of care in the Moroccan health system, the findings reveal that these approaches are based on three complementary strategies: continuous quality improvement, standardization, and safety of care.Conclusions. The Moroccan health system has implemented various strategies to improve the quality and safety of care. However, these strategies have not been sustained due to several factors. To ensure sustainability, the system needs to invest in capital and resources, involve quality experts in hospitals, use processbased approaches, strengthen legislation and regulations related to quality of care, and translate them into implementing decrees.
Factors associated with caesarean sections among pregnant women admitted to a private academic hospital in Ongwediva, Oshana region, Namibia
Authors: Ashipala Daniel Opotamutale , Kandjaba Victoria
Published: May 2023

Background. Caesarean section rates are increasing worldwide in both developed and developing countries becoming an issue of grave concern.Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with caesarean sections performed on pregnant women admitted to a private academic hospital in Ongwediva, Oshana region, Namibia.Materials and Methods. A retrospective data approach was conducted on 200 patients’ files using a self-administered checklist at a private academic hospital. A total of 200 records of mothers who underwent caesarean sections were systematically reviewed from January 2020 to December 2020 at a private academic hospital in Ongwediva, Namibia. A pretested structured checklist was used to record the data.Results. The study revealed that 95.5% of women who had caesarean sections (C-section) were performed. A previous C-section was the most frequent indication, while 0.5% were performed due to patient requests. The p-value for the chi-square statistic was smaller than the standard alpha value (P0.05), i.e., there is a relationship between the demographic characteristics and factors associated with caesarean sections, as well as between socioeconomic factors and factors associated with caesarean sections.Conclusions. This study shows that 95.5% of C-sections are done as a necessity with clear indications, while only 0.5% are done due to patient requests. This study’s findings can be used to develop strategies and targeted interventions geared towards reducing the increasing rates of cesarean section considering maternal age, the number of indications of primary cesarean delivery, and following standard operating procedures that might improve the quality of prenatal and delivery care.
Numero Integrale
Authors: Redazione Redazione
Published: May 2023

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Anetoderma - A Hidden Presentation of Lepromatous Leprosy
Authors: Kareddy Sruthi , Nikitha C , Mamatha P
Published: May 2023

Anetodermas is a rare disorder of connective tissue associated with a circumscribed area of slack skin associated with focal loss of elastin. This correlates with the clinical observation of atrophy and “buttonhole” sign or herniation phenomenon. Secondary anetoderma has multiple causes, which should be looked for, out of which lepromatous leprosy is rare. It is important to identify infective conditions like leprosy not only for the individual but also epidemiological control as well. We report a case of Lepromatous leprosy presenting as anetoderma.
Coexistence of Lupus Vulgaris and Scrofuloderma in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Saluja Amandeep , Vyas Kapil , Gupta Kalpana
Published: May 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) may involve cutaneous tissue in approximately 0.1%–0.5% of the cases. There are various morphological presentations of cutaneous TB such as lupus vulgaris (LV), scrofuloderma, TB verrucosa cutis, and tuberculids. Usually, a single form is observed in an individual, but coexistence of the multiple forms has been rarely reported in the literature. These concurrences may be considered an interesting immunological phenomenon as two immunologically different poles are occurring simultaneously. We present a case of LV and scrofuloderma in the same patient at different sites.
Punctate Palmoplantar Keratoderma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Prathibha JP , Aithal Vijay Venkataraj
Published: May 2023

Punctured palmoplantar keratodermas are rare autosomal-dominant keratodermas presenting as asymptomatic, tiny hyperkeratotic pigmented papules on the palms and soles. We present a rare case of punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 1 extending to the dorsum of the foot with pes cavus deformity of the foot. We did the literature review.
Contributory Parenting: A ”Priceless Shift” from Indirect to Direct Parenting
Authors: Taranikanti Madhuri , Gaur Archana , Ganji Vidya , Taranikanti Sai Shriya
Published: May 2023

Parenting is a valuable investment that determines the quality of future independent life. From an evolutionary aspect, it has been well ingrained in the minds of humans as to how much resource each parent should contribute to this energy and time-consuming task. To encourage father’s contribution towards parenting and reduce the stress on mother, the concept of paid paternal leave has been implemented. Mere presence of the father in terms of the quantity of time spent without much qualitative value has no benefit, but the assumption that fathers are less competent based on their lower performance might also not be acceptable. An intriguing finding has demonstrated that prolonged contact with the infant triggers a change in previously absent male parenting behavior. With incentives on one hand and associated societal stigma on the other hand, it is to be analyzed whether the purpose of true parenting by fathers is being achieved. Hence, in the concept of contributory parenting it is necessary to recognize and respect each parenting style with the ultimate benefit being passed on to the child.
Experimental Investigation of Hydrogen Sulfide Adsorption from Drilling Fluid Wastes by Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Pourjafar Mona , Askari Ali , Abadi Ali Salehi Sahl , Pourjafar Milad , Rahimi Seyed Ali , Nemati Afshar
Published: May 2023

Aim:

Hydrogen sulfide is one of the most harmful substances known in the drilling industry. Hydrogen sulfide can cause health, environmental, safety, and damage to property problems. Therefore, we conducted this study on a laboratory scale to make carboxylated carbon nanotubes and investigate their performance in removing hydrogen sulfide from drilling mud.

Materials and Methods:

In the first step, we prepared multi-walled carbon nanotubes with 90%–95% purity. In the next step, we provide the drilling fluid. The fluid used in these experiments was a simple water-based mud consisting of water and bentonite. In the last step, we used the Qualitek-4 software to design experiments, and the Taguchi model was used to investigate the obtained results.

Results:

Results show that pH is the most effective parameter in the adsorption process. Interaction of adsorbent concentration with retention time shows the highest SI = 85.85%. Optimal conditions of H2S adsorption are adsorbent concentration = 100 ppm, pH = 6, and retention time = 30 min. According to the Langmuir model, the adsorption capacity of carbon nanotube (CNT)-COOH was 2480 (mg/mg). By increasing CNT-COOH concentration from 50 ppm to 100 ppm, the adsorption percent of H2S increased from 51.6% to 66.1%. By increasing the retention time from 2 min to 30 min, an increase in adsorption will be seen from 57.5% to 65.3%.

Conclusion:

Using functionalized nanocarbon tube with at least 90% efficiency is a reliable method to remove hydrogen sulfide from drilling mud.
Effects of dapagliflozin on type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders: Results from a prospective, observational DIATOM study
Authors: Marwah Aneeket T , Marwah Tiven R , Parikh Khushali P , Malhotra Supriya D
Published: May 2023

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of dapagliflozin, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other metabolic disorders.

Materials and Methods:

The DIATOM (effect of Dapagliflozin In treAtment of Type 2 diabetes and Other Metabolic disorders) was a prospective, observational study conducted at S.V.P. Hospital, Ahmedabad, between April 2018 and October 2022. Patients with T2DM who were on dapagliflozin were included. The study outcomes included changes in glycemic parameters, body weight, body mass index (BMI), lipid profile, blood pressure, and renal and liver functions.

Results:

A total of 55 patients with T2DM who received dapagliflozin-based antidiabetic therapy were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 50.47 years, and the majority were males (69.1%). The majority of patients (49.1%) had diabetes duration of more than 10 years and a family history of T2DM or other metabolic disorders (81.8%). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (60%). Metformin (98.2%) was the most common concomitant antidiabetic medication. Dapagliflozin-based antidiabetic therapy demonstrated a significant reduction from baseline to 6 months in the mean fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, body weight, and BMI. Also, reductions in serum creatinine and cholesterol levels were reported, though they were not significant.

Conclusions:

Dapagliflozin-based antidiabetic therapy showed improvements in the glycemic parameters and body weight as well as other metabolic parameters in Indian patients with T2DM.
The use of artificial intelligence in detecting papilledema from fundus photographs
Authors: Anandi Lazuardiah , Budihardja Brigitta Marcia , Anggraini Erika , Badjrai Rona Ali , Nusanti Syntia
Published: May 2023

Papilledema is an optic disc swelling with increased intracranial pressure as the underlying cause. Diagnosis of papilledema is made based on ophthalmoscopy findings. Although important, ophthalmoscopy can be challenging for general physicians and nonophthalmic specialists. Meanwhile, artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to be a useful tool for the detection of fundus abnormalities, including papilledema. Even more, AI might also be useful in grading papilledema. We aim to review the latest advancement in the diagnosis of papilledema using AI and explore its potential. This review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. A systematic literature search was performed on four databases (PubMed, Cochrane, ProQuest, and Google Scholar) using the Keywords “AI” and “papilledema” including their synonyms. The literature search identified 372 articles, of which six met the eligibility criteria. Of the six articles included in this review, three articles assessed the use of AI for detecting papilledema, one article evaluated the use of AI for papilledema grading using Frisèn criteria, and two articles assessed the use of AI for both detection and grading. The models for both papilledema detection and grading had shown good diagnostic value, with high sensitivity (83.1%–99.82%), specificity (82.6%–98.65%), and accuracy (85.89%–99.89%). Even though studies regarding the use of AI in papilledema are still limited, AI has shown promising potential for papilledema detection and grading. Further studies will help provide more evidence to support the use of AI in clinical practice.
Definability of mixed period maps
Authors: Bakker Benjamin , Brunebarbe Yohan , Klingler Bruno , Tsimerman Jacob
Published: May 2023

We equip integral graded-polarized mixed period spaces with a natural

\mathbb{R}_{\mathrm{alg}}

-definable analytic structure, and prove that any period map associated to an admissible variation of integral graded-polarized mixed Hodge structures is definable in

\mathbb{R}_{\mathrm{an,exp}}

with respect to this structure. As a consequence we re-prove that the zero loci of admissible normal functions are algebraic.
Positive solutions of the $p$-Laplacian with potential terms on weighted Riemannian manifolds with linear diameter growth
Authors: Kasue Atsushi
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we consider the

p

-Laplacian with potential terms on a connected, noncompact, complete weighted Riemannian manifold whose Ricci curvature has quadratic decay, or a lower bound. We investigate the structure and the behavior of positive solutions under the assumption that the metric spheres of the Riemannian manifold have linear diameter growth.
Nickel Alloy, Corrosion- and Heat-Resistant, Bars, Forgings, and Rings and Stock for Forgings and Rings 74Ni - 15.5Cr - 8.0Fe
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: May 2023

This specification covers a corrosion- and heat-resistant nickel alloy in the form of bars and forgings, flash welded rings, and stock for forging or flash welded rings.
MPR Micropitting Test Method
Authors:   E-34 Propulsion Lubricants Committee
Published: May 2023

This method is designed to evaluate the micropitting performance of currently available and future aviation turbine oil formulations. Drawing on previously performed tests documented in AIR6989, the method comprises of three rings rotating against a rotating central roller configuration using the standard, commercially available PCS Instruments Micropitting Rig (MPR). A test profile has been developed between industry and academia that relies on standard, commercially available test specimens.
Data Ethics and Kenya National Examination Results Release Strategies: A Constitutional Moral Imperative on Personal Protections
Authors: Mutuku Christine Mwongeli
Published: May 2023

This paper assesses the ethical conduct of public officials in Kenya’s education sector with respect to how they engage in the public release of personal data. This is analyzed in the practice of public announcement of national examination results with all the identifiers in place. While addressing the broader interest in ethics in thehandling and usage of personal data, this article uses content analysis method to review industry, academic and other literature on examination results release practices in Kenya. The discussion applies the Data Protection Act and the Constitution of Kenya, 2010, to review the examination results release practices in the Ministry of Education(MoE) and by teachers across the country. The discussion applies several ethical theories to draw recommendations that can inform public officials and the concerned institutions on ethical decision-making processes in the release of personal data. Both the deontological and utilitarian approaches are found to be viable for concerned authorities and actors to reach ethical decisions and actions.
On the Beat: Black Humour in South Africa, 1943–1963
Authors: Crigler Robin K.
Published: May 2023

Humour is a useful lens for understanding changes in black South African culture in the mid-twentieth century. Here I explore how three influential African writers–R. R. R. Dhlomo, “Msimbithi the Kitchen Boy” and Casey Motsisi–deployed humour as a medium through which to reflect on social realities  in the grim atmosphere of repression and (self-)censorship which distinguished mid-twentieth-century South Africa. While Dhlomo’s trajectory as  a humourist after 1943 reflects the reduced aspirations and ambitions of his aging New African cohort, I argue that Motsisi and Msimbithi (perhaps  the pseudonym of K. E. Masinga) responded to the challenges of the apartheid era in creative and revealing ways. Msimbithi’s popular and linguistically inventive column called for the renewal of a culturally conservative African identity that could preserve collective dignity in the face of exclusion. Motsisi, on the other hand, through his “Bugs” and “On the Beat” columns, forcefully rejected respectability discourse, simultaneously celebrating and critiquing urban space as a hedonistic and atomizing domain.
Review
Authors: Thompson Jarred
Published: May 2023

No Abstract
Significance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa efflux pump system in antibiotic resistance
Authors: Usman Yahaya , Ramadan H. Taysir , Aliyu Isah Abubakar , Sharif Alhassan A , Umar Kabir , Abdullahi Idris Nasir
Published: May 2023

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is an opportunistic pathogen with a high morbidity andmortality rate in immunocompromised and cystic fibrosis patients. The treatment of P. aeruginosa infections is becoming increasingly difficult due to the bacteria's capacity to tolerate numerous antimicrobial agent. One of the key mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in P. aeruginosa that contributes to both innate and acquired resistance is the efflux pump system Understanding the structure, function, and control of the main efflux pump system, specifically the resistance nodulation division superfamily, iscritical. This could provide baseline data for the development of a new antibacterial that targets this crucial resistance pathway in P. aeruginosa, thereby halting or slowing morbidity and death associated with AMR.
Patient turnaround time: Concern of medical laboratory scientist
Authors: Paul Ige Ilesanmi , Victoria Mokwenye , Olalere Obadire Samuel
Published: May 2023

When a company that experienced a period of financial recovery, it's called turnaround. It refers to time of recovery of a nation or region's economy after a period of recession or unproductivity. Turnaround time (TAT) is the duration of a process from initiation to completion, which can significantly be improved with an automated workflow solution. Doctors  frequently used TAT as the standard for laboratory performance, way to communicate timelines as, a useful marker of laboratory efficiency, as a quality indicator to evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency of the testing process, and as clinicians and patients' gratifications. Ordinarily, turnaround time (TAT), can be defined as the time interval from the period of start of a process to the time of completion of the same process. It is the total amount of time spent by a process  in the system, which can either be a waiting time or the time for executing the process/task. Since there's no perfect/precise definition of TAT, therefore, different definitions can be used based on the process or task to be carried out. For laboratory personnel, it would be from the time of receipt of sample in laboratory till report is generated after validation. However, it can be characterized based on the investigation pe r formed ( e .g. Ful l Blood Count, Haemoglobin, Potassium), type of patient attended to (e.g. Emergency Department, Intensive Care Unit, Wards, Out Patient Department etc.), degrees of significance (e.g. stat, urgent or routine) and the activities included (e.g. from the time of collation/receipt of sample or from the time of receipt of sample in laboratory). Factors affecting TAT can be grouped into pre-analytical, analytical and post analytical. Adapting to an automated process, tracking of end-to-end process, drafting a more distinct process and multitask trained staffing are the methods to achieve good laboratory TAT.
Genetic diversity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from different clinical samples at Modibbo Adama University Teaching Hospital, Yola using RAPD-PCR
Authors: Ja'afar Ja'afar Nuhu , Adamu Zailani , Abdullahi Tukur Baba , Raji Hayatu
Published: May 2023

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes a wide range of variable illnesses and can be either transmitted from one place to another through contact with patients or airborne. Because of the increased diversity of S. aureus globally, particularly those that are of clinical significance, and the rapid epidemiology of the bacteria, there is the need to explore the current pattern in our local settings. To achieve this target, there is the need for a genetic method that is fast, easy, cost- effective and able to genetically differentiate between microbes within a given species. Hence, this study utilized the simplicity of RAPD-PCR as a genetic fingerprinting tool in determining the genetic diversity of S. aureus isolated from clinical samples within a local setting. Eighteen isolates of S. aureus were RAPD-typed using a single primer and analyzed using NTSYSpc software. Of the 12 RAPD profiles identified, two major groups and two major clusters were deduced from the dendrogram. More so, ten subtypes were identified amongst which three were indistinguishable based on Jaccard's coefficient of similarity. The findings of this study reveals that most of the isolates are closely  related genetically suggesting that may have emerged from closely related clones. Equally, the result of this study depicts the high-resolution power of RAPD-PCR in elucidating the genetic diversity of S. aureus. Therefore, this simple molecular technique could be employed as a routine technique for the molecular epidemiology studies of S. aureus in our local settings and the country as a whole.
Effects of methanol leaf extract of Dryopteris filix-mas on catalase activity and malondialdehyde levels in the brain of adult male Wistar rats
Authors: Awhin P.E. , Ajoh A.I. , Erutere B. , Dennis-Eboh, . U.
Published: May 2023

This study was carried out to determine the effect of methanol leaf extract of Dryopteris filix-mas on catalase (an antioxidant) activity and malondialdehyde (an oxidative stress marker) levels in brain of wistar rats. Methanol extract of Dryopteris filix-mas was prepared by Soxhlet extraction. Twenty (20) adults male wistar rats were used for this study. The animals were grouped into four groups; 1 (normal control); 2 (administered 100mg/kg of Dryopteris filix methanol leaf extract) and 3 (administered 250mg/kg of Dryopteris filix methanol leaf extract); 4 (Administered 500mg/kg of Dryopteris filix methanol leaf extract). The rats were so treated and after 21 days, were sacrificed. The brain of the rats was harvested and used to prepare brain tissue homogenates for the biochemical assay of catalase and MDA using standard procedures. Results obtained show that the varying doses of the plant extract caused a dose dependent increase in catalase activity when compared to the control group. However, the increases were found to be statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Administration of 100mg/kg of the plant extract slightly decreased MDA level, while 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg slightly increased MDA levels in brain of the experimental animals after the 21days treatment period when compared to the control group. However, these observed changes in MDA levels were found to be statistically insignificant (p>0.05). The results of this study shows that the different doses of the plant extract did not cause significant oxidative damage to the brain of the experimental animals.
Phenytoin attenuates seizure severity and hippocampal derangement more than levetiracetam or phenytoin-levetiracetam adjunctive treatment in electrically-convulsed male BALB/c Mice
Authors: Osuntokun O.S. , Olayiwola G. , Adedokun K.I. , Oladokun O.O. , Abayomi T.A. , Ayoka A.O.
Published: May 2023

No Abstract