bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DUVET: Spatially Resolved Observations of Star Formation Regulation via Galactic Outflows in a Starbursting Disk Galaxy
Authors: Reichardt Chu Bronwyn , Fisher Deanne B. , Bolatto Alberto D. , Chisholm John , Fielding Drummond , Berg Danielle , Cameron Alex J. , Glazebrook Karl , Herrera-Camus Rodrigo , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Lenkić Laura , Li Miao , McPherson Daniel K. , Nielsen Nikole M. , Obreschkow Danail , Rickards Vaught Ryan J. , Sandstrom Karin
Published: December 2022

We compare 500 pc scale, resolved observations of ionized and molecular gas for the z ∼ 0.02 starbursting disk galaxy IRAS08339+6517, using measurements from KCWI and NOEMA. We explore the relationship of the star-formation-driven ionized gas outflows with colocated galaxy properties. We find a roughly linear relationship between the outflow mass flux (

Σ

̇

out

) and star formation rate surface density (ΣSFR),

Σ

̇

out

∝

Σ

SFR

1.06
±
0.10

, and a strong correlation between

Σ

̇

out

and the gas depletion time, such that

Σ

̇

out

∝

t

dep

−
1.1
±
0.06

. Moreover, we find these outflows are so-called breakout outflows, according to the relationship between the gas fraction and disk kinematics. Assuming that ionized outflow mass scales with total outflow mass, our observations suggest that the regions of highest ΣSFR in IRAS08 are removing more gas via the outflow than through the conversion of gas into stars. Our results are consistent with a picture in which the outflow limits the ability of a region of a disk to maintain short depletion times. Our results underline the need for resolved observations of outflows in more galaxies.
Optimal Spectral Lines for Measuring Chromospheric Magnetic Fields
Authors: Judge P. , Bryans P. , Casini R. , Kleint L. , Lacatus D. , Paraschiv A. , Schmit D.
Published: December 2022

This paper identifies spectral lines from X-ray to IR wavelengths which are optimally suited to measuring vector magnetic fields as high as possible in the solar atmosphere. Instrumental and Earth's atmospheric properties, as well as solar abundances, atmospheric properties, and elementary atomic physics are considered without bias toward particular wavelengths or diagnostic techniques. While narrowly focused investigations of individual lines have been reported in detail, no assessment of the comparative merits of all lines has ever been published. Although in the UV, on balance the Mg+
h and k lines near 2800 Å are optimally suited to polarimetry of plasma near the base of the solar corona. This result was unanticipated, given that longer-wavelength lines offer greater sensitivity to the Zeeman effect. While these lines sample optical depths photosphere to the coronal base, we argue that cores of multiple spectral lines provide a far more discriminating probe of magnetic structure as a function of optical depth than the core and inner wings of a strong line. Thus, together with many chromospheric lines of Fe+ between 2585 Å and the h line at 2803 Å, this UV region promises new discoveries concerning how the magnetic fields emerge, heat, and accelerate plasma as they battle to dominate the force and energy balance within the poorly understood chromosphere.
Effects of Supra-arcade Downflows Interacting with the Postflare Arcade
Authors: Awasthi Arun Kumar , Liu Rui , Gou Tingyu
Published: December 2022

Supra-arcade downflows (SADs) are dark voids descending through plasma above the postflare arcade. Although they are generally viewed as byproducts of flare reconnections in the corona, the nature of SADs is under debate. Here we investigated six distinct episodes of SADs observed in the post-maximum phase of an M-class flare of 2013 April 11. Differential emission measure analysis revealed that SAD cases occurring close to the flare maximum contain an enhanced hot plasma component at 5–7 MK whereas those occurring later exhibit a depression in hot plasma at 7–12 MK compared to the ambient supra-arcade plasma. On-disk location of the flare enabled us to examine in detail the interaction of SADs with the postflare arcade, whose effects include (1) transverse oscillations of period ∼160 s in the supra-arcade rays in the wake of voids, (2) footpoint brightening in 1700 Å whose peak is delayed by 22–46 s with respect to the SAD’s arrival at the top of the arcade, and (3) EUV intensity perturbations expanding and propagating with a speed of ∼400 km s−1. On the other hand, due to line-of-sight confusion in the optically thin corona, the ribbon enhancement following the interaction produces an illusion of plasma rebound at the top of the arcade, where the interaction fails to yield significant plasma heating. These effects indicate that the interaction mainly generates MHD waves propagating toward the surface, which may further produce quasi-periodic brightening at flare ribbons, therefore contributing to gradual phase emission from quasi-periodic EUV emission observed during the gradual phase of flares.
Effects of Vertical Advection on Multimessenger Signatures of Black Hole Neutrino-dominated Accretion Flows in Compact Binary Coalescences
Authors: Chen Bing-Guang , Liu Tong , Qi Yan-Qing , Huang Bao-Quan , Wei Yun-Feng , Yi Tuan , Gu Wei-Min , Xue Li
Published: December 2022

In the coalescence events of binary neutron star (NS) or a black hole (BH) and an NS, a BH hyperaccretion disk might be eventually formed. At very high mass accretion rates, MeV neutrinos will be emitted from this disk, which is called a neutrino-dominated accretion flow (NDAF). Neutrino annihilation in the space out of the disk is energetic enough to launch ultrarelativistic jets to power gamma-ray bursts. Moreover, vertical advection might exist in NDAFs, which can generate the magnetic buoyancy bubbles to release gamma-ray photons. In this paper, we visit the effects of the vertical advection in NDAFs on the disk structure and gamma-ray and neutrino luminosities for different accretion rates. Then we study the anisotropic emission of kilonovae and the following gravitational waves (GWs) driven by the gamma-ray photons and neutrinos from NDAFs. Comparing NDAFs without vertical advection, the neutrino luminosity and GW strains slightly decrease for the case with vertical advection, and the kilonovae will be brightened by the injected gamma-ray photons. The future joint multimessenger observations might distinguish whether the vertical advection exists in NDAFs or not after compact binary coalescences.
Ramaria barenthalensis a new record from western Himalayas, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Tariq Saiff , Firdous Syeda Sadiqa , Shier Wayne Thomas , Khalid Abdul Nasir
Published: December 2022

The genus Ramaria is globally distributed, inhabiting different substrates. In the present study, samples of R. barenthalensis were collected during a fungal survey from Neelum valley AJK, Pakistan. Identification was carried out through combined morpho-anatomical and molecular data from nrITS region, which confirmed the identification as R. barenthalensis. The taxon is a new record for fungi of AJK, Pakistan.
Host plant and immature stages of Setabara histrionica (MacGillivray) (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)
Authors: Baine Quinlyn , Smith David R. , Zakopyko Bill , Dickerson Sapphitah , Looney Chris
Published: December 2022

The North American sawfly Setabara histrionica (Tenthredinidae: Heterarthrinae) is previously known only from adult collections but has been hypothesized to feed upon trees in the genus Prunus. We discovered a population of leaf-mining sawflies in Washington on Prunus emarginata and identified it as S. histrionica using combined morphological and molecular analysis. We observed preference in oviposition site selection on the host plant, with most eggs deposited on the margin of the basal third of the leaf, and on leaves growing within 1 meter of the ground. We include a description of the egg, larval stages, mine and phenology of S. histrionica, and an update to Smith’s (1971) key to Heterarthrinae larvae.
Encarsia hera Lahey & Andreason (Hymenoptera, Aphelinidae): a charismatic new parasitoid of Aleurocybotus Quaintance & Baker (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae) from Florida
Authors: Lahey Zachary , Simmons Alvin M. , Andreason Sharon A.
Published: December 2022

A new, biparental species of the genus Encarsia Förster (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), E. hera Lahey & Andreason, sp. nov., is characterized based on morphological and molecular data. The parasitoid was reared from the puparia of its host, an undescribed species of the grass-feeding aleyrodine genus Aleurocybotus Quaintance & Baker (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) collected in Gainesville, Florida. The same whitefly is newly recorded from Charleston, South Carolina, where it is a pest of ornamental Muhly grass [Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin. (Poaceae)]. A phylogenetic analysis based on a fragment of 28S ribosomal DNA in 34 Encarsia species placed E. hera, sp. nov., within the E. luteola-group, a result concordant with its morphology. A key to the Encarsia species reared from Aleurocybotus is provided.
Work productivity assessment of small forwarders in forest operations: An international review
Authors: Ghaffariyan Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2022

There are two types of forwarders available in the practice including conventional forestry forwarders and farm tractors equipped with a trailer/grapple loader that operate as a forwarder. Forwarders loading capacity can vary depending on the machine size. This paper aimed to review the work productivity of small size forwarders (payload< 10 tonnes and engine power< 120 HP) to create an overview of their performance for small scale operations within the small-scale forestry/ plantations management or agroforestry systems. According to the review, small forwarders were mainly used for harvesting small trees over gentle slopes. Main machine types include light tractor-trailer and purpose-built forwarders. The reported productivity by international scholars ranged from 3.4 to 19.2 m3/PMH0. Main variables impacting the productivity of small forwarders included forwarding distance, load volume, piece volume, number of logs per turn, season, operator skills and harvesting intensity. This report has summarised recommendations from literatures on proper application of small forwarders to improve harvesting efficiency which can be of use to the forest industrial and academic users for practical and research purposes.
Identifying driving factors of urban digital financial network—based on machine learning methods
Authors: Huang Xiaojie , Liao Gaoke
Published: December 2022

With the continuous development of digital finance, the correlation among urban digital finance has been increasing. In this paper, we further apply machine learning methods to study the driving factors of urban digital finance networks based on the construction of urban digital finance spatial network associated with a sample of 278 cities in China. The results of network characteristics analysis show that the core-edge structure of an urban digital finance network shows the characteristics of gradual deepening and orderly distribution; the core cities show reciprocal relationships with each other, and the edge cities lack connection with each other; the core cities match the structural hole distribution and the edge cities are limited by the network capital in their development. The results of driver analysis show that year-end loan balances, science and technology expenditures and per capita gross regional product are the main drivers of urban digital financial networks.
Application of Exercise-Correlated Knowledge Proficiency Tracing Model based on Multiple Learning Objectives in English Teaching Curriculum Resources
Authors: Yang Huiyong , Alabool Hamzeh Mohammad
Published: December 2022

The advanced invention of information technology overcomes the limitations of traditional teaching methods. The English-oriented online teaching system not only has rich course resources, but also provides technical support for students’ personalized learning. Therefore, using big data mining techniques may help to analyze students deeply and develop personalized study plans and content. Aiming at the deficiencies of online English teaching platform in the task of knowledge level diagnosis, an Exercise-correlated Knowledge Proficiency Tracing (EKPT) model that integrates multi-objective learning factors is proposed. The learning model maps students and practice information into meaningful knowledge space through practice and knowledge-related information, and quantifies students’ knowledge learning process through forgetting curve theory and learning curve theory. The experimental test results show that the EKPT model has the best performance in knowledge ability prediction and learning performance prediction. The mean absolute error (MAE) values of the EKPT model in the English1 dataset, English2 dataset, written auxiliary dataset and adaptive dataset are 0.32, 0.25, 0.39 and 0.34, respectively, with the smallest error. Therefore, the proposed EKPT model meets the requirements of English online learning. The research content has important reference value for the construction of online English teaching platform.
Prediction, Monitoring, and Management of the Classified Training Quality of English Majors Based on Support Vector Machine
Authors: Chen Fang
Published: December 2022

To attain higher teaching quality, adopting both quantitative and qualitative methods to discuss the mechanism of how active learning attitude influences the classified training quality of English majors is of practical meaning. However, few existing studies have concerned about this research topic, so to fill in this research blank, this paper aims to study the prediction, monitoring, and management of the classified training quality of English major students. At first, this paper analyzed the classified training of English majors, and introduced the factors of the cultivation of active learning attitude in English majors and the typical manifestations of English majors with an active learning attitude. Then, this paper used the comprehensive improvement level of each evaluation index to measure the classified training quality, and combined the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) with the Support Vector Machine (SVM) to propose a model for predicting the classified training quality of English majors, which laid a basis for further quality monitoring and management. At last, the experimental results verified the effectiveness of using the constructed model to predict the classified training quality of English majors, and gave a few suggestions for monitoring and managing the classified training of English majors.
Effect of Augmented Reality Technology on Spatial Intelligence among High School Students
Authors: Ban Hassan Majeed  , ALRikabi Haider TH.Salim
Published: December 2022

Spatial Intelligence is a mental ability to understand and solve real-world problems. These visual-spatial representations are fundamental in learning various "STEM" topics, like digital drawing, art presentations, creating graphical representations, 2D designs. Opportunity to interact with real and/or virtual objects. It is a good opportunity in applying new techniques such as the augmenter, which is able to clarify mathematical tables, concepts and generalizations greatly to the visualization, understanding and mastery of concepts mathematically. The purpose of the research is to investigate impact of using AR technology in developing spatial intelligence for secondary school students, Baghdad. The quasi-experimental design was used, the participants consisted of (60) students of 4th class scientific in mathematics. Tools used where a spatial intelligence scale was prepared and contains three skills that include (20) questions. Research findings show that AR technology has a positive on spatial intelligence in mathematics, and concluded with a set of recommendations and proposals.
A Systematic Review of Mobile Learning Trends in Supporting the Mastery of Spelling
Authors: Lau Yen Yen Emily , Hashim Harwati , Md Yunus Melor
Published: December 2022

Teaching and learning to spell forms the basis for mastering English Language. The emerging mobile learning trends in the current 21st century education is useful in teaching and learning spelling. However, there were limited reviews about them. As such, a systematic review was conducted to provide an up-to-date synthesis on the mobile learning trends in supporting the mastery of spelling from year 2012 to year 2022. This review adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses which is also known as the PRISMA guideline. Three databases were involved: Web of Science, Scopus and Educational Resources Information Centre. After a rigorous screening process, a total of 19 articles fitted its objectives. Firstly, significant findings from the studies portrayed the use of four platforms in mobile learning trends in supporting the mastery of spelling namely mobile apps, spell-checker apps, word prediction apps and text messaging apps. Secondly, the primary level of education was more dominant in the related studies than the secondary and tertiary levels. Thirdly, it emphasised more on the students with a lower prevalence on teachers and both teachers and students as the respondents in the associated studies. This paper contributes to systematically reviewing 19 eligible related studies through a step-by-step protocol of identification, screening, eligibility and included as in the PRISMA guideline to establish quality review. It benefits both the English Language teachers and students in utilising various mobile learning platforms to support the mastery of spelling at all levels of education. It aspires to foreground the paucity in this topic in which more substantial studies are required to address the research gaps. The ultimate goal is to impose effective and practical strategies to advance mobile learning trends in supporting the mastery of spelling.
Identification Based on Iris Detection Technique
Authors: Shaimaa Hameed Shaker  , Farah Qais Al-Kalidi  , Raheem Ogla
Published: December 2022

Iris-biometrics are an alternative way of authenticating and identifying a person because biometric identifiers are unique to people. This paper introduces a method aims to efficient human identification by enhanced iris detection method within acceptable time. After preparing various type of images, then perform a series of pre-processing steps and standardize them, after that use Uni-Net learning, so identify the human by Navie-Bays method is the last step based on the output of Uni-Net which is role as feature extractor for the iris part and another sub-net for non-iris part that may involve identification-outcome. The outcome of this method looked good compared to some high-level methods, so, was accuracy-rate 9855, 99.25, and 99.81 for CASIA-v4, ITT-Delhi, and MMU-database respectively. Also, this paper introduces a method of iris recognition using CNN model which is improved the preprocessed patterns that together from dataset applied some procedures to develop them based on techniques of equalization and acclimate contrast ones. After that characteristic extracted and classified using CNN that comprises of 10 layers with back-propagation schema and adjusted moment evaluation Adam-optimizer for modernize weights. The overall accuracy was 95.31% with utilization time 17.58 (mints) for training-model.
A CLIMATE-BASED CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF URBAN HEAT ISLAND ASSESSMENT METHODS AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES
Authors: Cakmakli Aysem Berrin , Rashed-Ali Hazem
Published: December 2022

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is defined as the temperature difference between densely built-up urban areas and surrounding suburban ones. UHI is caused by a multitude of factors including both spatial factors; for example, features of landform surfaces and surface characteristics, and temporal ones, linked to yearly, seasonal, diurnal, and nocturnal air temperatures. A comprehensive overview of current literature and critical analysis of UHI is provided in this paper. It aims to assess the environmental and social impacts of phenomena in different climate regions, and how some of these factors can be used as a design tool to associate and estimate renovations and policy-making strategies. Then it discusses various approaches for modeling UHI intensities on different scales. The paper concludes with a classification of potential mitigation strategies including their advantages and disadvantages as well as their suitability for different climate regions. Mitigation strategies are categorized based on their impacts on:

changing anthropogenic factors increasing the radiative properties of materials, modifications to urban geometry decreasing anthropogenic heat increasing green and blue spaces, lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
FRAMEWORK FOR UPDATING GREEN BUILDING RATING TOOLS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: Wen Baohua , Liang Lihua , Xu Feng , Yan Jianwei , Yan Xiangqi , Ramesh S.
Published: December 2022

This research presents the current state of understanding on strategies to update green building rating tools (GBRTs). Based on existing literature, the study determined the GBRT-updating requirements (URs) and their related technical elements (TEs) and integrated them to form a system framework through Functional Quality Development. The framework emphasizes the interaction and balance between expert deliberation and stakeholder participation, and fully considers the complementarity between international experience and local practice. Subsequently, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to determine the relative importance of URs while the Fuzzy Set Theory was used to quantify the correlation between URs and TEs. Finally, the Green Building Index (GBI) was used as the research sample to apply the proposed model, whose outputs were then analyzed by using the Importance-Performance Analysis method. Then, appropriate technical improvement suggestions for the updating of GBI were derived. The study explores the technical update of GBRT in the form of extensive participation and utilizes the knowledge complementarity among decision-makers. Furthermore, the proposed framework provides practical help to guide the update of GBRTs for developing countries.
MACHINE LEARNING MODEL FOR GLARE PREDICTION IN OFFICES WITH SIMPLE ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES
Authors: Kumar T M Sanjeev , Kurian Ciji Pearl , Colaco Sheryl Grace , Mathew Veena
Published: December 2022

Daylight glare index (DGI), daylight glare probability (DGP) and glare-sensation (GS) predictive models are the widely used glare indices for the assessment of occupant visual comfort in daylit spaces. This paper presents the development and implementation of Machine Learning models to predict these glare indices. The training and validation data sets were collected from sensors incorporated in the test room with motorized Venetian Blinds and dimmable LED luminaires. Predictor and response data were obtained from conventional sensors, digital cameras, and the EVALGLARE Software. The regression models predict DGI and DGP, whereas the classification model predicts GS. In addition to standard statistical error evaluation metrics, the hypothesis test assesses the performance of regression/classification models. The results reveal that Ensemble Tree (ET) models are highly accurate at predicting glare indices. The proposed technique attempts to simplify the existing traditional Glare Index(GI) estimation method. The combination of real-time daylight glare prediction and suitable window shading control increases occupant visual comfort. A high dynamic image-based system is employed to verify the measurements made using traditional sensors.
Pour une approche dissensuelle du management : retour sur l’utilisation de la méthode LEGO® SERIOUS PLAY®
Authors: Martineau Régis , Chabault Denis , Félix Jean-Jacques
Published: December 2022

Derrière les différentes techniques encourageant le management participatif, il y a l’idée sous-jacente qu’il faudrait rechercher un consensus, un accord chez tous les participants autour d’une meilleure solution. Mais cette recherche de consensus masque souvent, en réalité, une fausse participation qui ne laisse pas réellement s’exprimer les désaccords et les conflits. A rebours de cette tendance, nous empruntons le concept de dissensus au philosophe Jacques Rancière, qui désigne un moment au cours duquel ceux que l’on n’entend pas habituellement (les « sans voix ») s’expriment et tentent, eux-aussi, de définir le sens des mots et l’ordre du sensible. Nous montrons dans cet article que la méthode Lego Serious Play© est propice à l’émergence de ces moments de dissensus. Une étude cas montre que la méthode LSP peut, le temps d’un atelier, favoriser l’expression des sans-voix, participant ainsi à une approche critique et créative du management.
Lagos, Nigeria: A Study in Anarchy and Negotiation
Authors: Hoelzel F.
Published: December 2022

Lagos is a megacity like no other. Not so much because it is predicted to become the world’s most populous city – with approximately 80 million inhabitants in 2100 (Hoornweg and Pope, 2017) – but rather because Lagos has nothing that is really public. There’s no crystal ball, nevertheless, it is likely to say that Lagos will never have (functioning) centralized services. Classic urban planning and classic developmentalism call for large-scale infrastructure and centrally organized urban services. The logic, followed by the UN and development banks establishes a strong link between well-functioning and accessible infrastructure on the one hand, and development and prosperity on the other hand. Not in Lagos. Even though the already big West African metropolis has almost no public infrastructure and services, it has become Africa’s top startup ecosystem, for instance (Omoruyi, 2022). On the micro-scale, residents thrive by giving resourceful responses to the conditions of partly extreme vulnerability (Harrison, 2006). As a result, and despite of the lack of an efficient central government, the city functions quite well. By studying the informal water provision of Otumara, an inner-city slum community in Lagos, the paper draws from the observation of everyday practices recommendations for practical-normative urban planning approaches. In doing so, the substantive policy problem (water supply) is used to analyze actor constellations (Scharpf, 2018) and to decipher the conflict of elite urban visions versus everyday realities of the urban poor majority (de Satgé & Watson, 2018).
Small-scale Property Entrepreneurship in Bangkok Soi Affordable Housing Provision for Expatriate and Local Migrants
Authors: De Wandeler K. A. M. , Thanmarom C.
Published: December 2022

This paper presents a research study conducted in the Ban Soi Sukhon neighbourhood in Bangkok. The study relied on archival research, longitudinal observation, and participation in the everyday life of the neighbourhood. It examined how the lack of a comprehensive master plan and planning controls triggered private land development patterns characterised by interconnected side-streets or “soi”. Owner-occupants who settled on the residential parcels along these side streets subsequently used their property to engage in petty entrepreneurial activities that helped provide affordable housing for successive waves of settlers who migrated from upcountry or from abroad. The paper illustrates this practice by discussing two small-scale housing projects created to accommodate newly arrived migrants. The first project is a “boutique” apartment building in 1988 built to accommodate expatriates and SMEs; the second is the 2007 conversion of educational and home-industry buildings into a residential development that caters for lower-income residents of the soi.
The impact of Public Relations on the Tourism Industry; a study based on Tourism in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rupasingha W. A. I.
Published: December 2022

Tourism is a very historic industry in the world. At present tourism has booming demand among people who love to travel around the world. Public Relations (PR) is a distinct function that creates an organizational image, reputation, goodwill, and interactive understating among its key public. PR plays a big role in tourist destination marketing and attracts several tourists. It provides huge support for retaining tourists for a long period competing with competitive tourism countries and companies smoothly. This study mainly focuses on identifying what is public relations and tourism, the relationship between PR and Tourism, the Role of Public Relations in the Tourism industry, and identifying how Public Relations build a Sri Lankan country's image in the global tourism industry. A qualitative approach is used for this research. The research study concludes that Public Relations and Tourism have a very close relationship; it plays a big role in promoting tourist destinations and builds a positive image among world tourists consumers. Also, the study reveals that at present numerous Public Relations strategic plans and campaigns are implemented to uplift the Sri Lankan tourist image, to decrease the negative impact of the Easter Sunday terrorist attacks and the Covid-19 impact on the tourist customers.
Preservation of information in Sri Lanka: A historical perspective
Authors: Dehigama Kanchana
Published: December 2022

The article attempts to explore the shape of the preservation of information in Sri Lanka, from the Early Iron Age (1000-800 BC) to the beginning of Colonial Rule.  Under the qualitative approach, the historical research method is employed in the study, while content analysis was used as a research tool to determine the presence of certain words, themes, or concepts within given qualitative data. Based on my focus, primary sources and secondary data were used to elicit data. Buckland’s concept of information-as-thing was used to streamline the demarcations made by different collections handled.   The perspective of the study is limited to the published translations and transcriptions of inscriptions, literary sources, and copper plate charters. Themes and concepts such as the selection of media, extending the life span of information, changing the format, or keeping the same information in different formats, and reformatting for information preservation emerged from the literature review and content analysis. Substantiations prove that effective preservation of information has ever never been in flow in Sri Lankan history. Well before the cultural institutions were established under colonial rule, ancient Sri Lankans were familiar with the concepts of libraries, archives, and museums. Information was converted, reformatted, and duplicated through different media consciously, while foreign invasions, internal conflicts, natural and man-made disasters as well as the introduction of printing challenged the existence of the indigenous system of information preservation. The study will provide a rich foundation for Archaeology, history, and Information Science students and scholars to understand what happened in the past to determine and expand their research horizons.  The research highlights gaps and avenues for future research in this genre.
An Industrial Archaeological Study of bridges built during the British period in Kandy and Suburbs (Based on Selected sites)
Authors: Jayasinghe J. L. G. V. M. S. S.
Published: December 2022

As a result of the Industrial Revolution during British Colonial rule, during the period 1815 – 1947 many bridges were built in Kandy and surrounding areas. With the commencement of the plantation Industry in the Upcountry, a highway was built from Colombo to Kandy in 1820 to transport the plantation produce to the Port of Colombo. The British built several Civil engineering structures, including bridges and culverts, along the highway and other roads. Sir Edward Barnes, then Governor of Sri Lanka, paid special attention to the construction of bridges and culverts in Kandy and surrounding areas. The craftsmanship and construction materials used in contemporary bridge technology varied from brick-arched bridges to iron bridges. There have been many examples of such erections in Kandy and surrounding areas. Major Thomas Skinner, John Fresher, Captain Gordon, and Captain A. Brown were at the forefront of the design and construction of bridges during the period under the supervision of the Royal Department of Engineering. At present, due to public negligence and various development projects, many bridges in Kandy and its Suburbs are being destroyed without any investigation into their values. In this regard, field, and non–field study methods were used to uncover information. The main objective of this research is to identify bridges built during the British era and around Kandy and its Suburbs.
Financial Discipline of the Tourist- Linked Small-Scale Businessmen in Sri Lanka. (With Special Reference to North-Central Province)
Authors: Ubayachandra E. G. , Eldeniya Nirmani Chethana , Eldeniya Vishwa Sanjanana
Published: December 2022

Background: In invigorating the tourism industry in Sri Lanka, one of the best strategies is pushing existing tourism-linked small-scale businessmen due to the hardship of capitalization. Here, as the small-scale businessmen, only those who are occupied in selling handicrafts and demonstrating a different wide variety of scenic animals were emphasized. So, it is worthwhile to grasp the nature of the financial discipline of these businessmen and propel them towards fecundity. The key purpose was to identify the perception of money management of tourism-related small-scale businessmen in Sri Lanka and their intention to improve it further. Based on the outcomes of the preliminary survey, initially, this work was planned. The research design was exploratory cum descriptive. A mixed approach was applied, and deductive reasoning was helpful for postulation. Administering questionnaires with the aid of electronic means and enquiring focus groups and opinion leaders via telephone discussions when possible primary data were collected and for secondary data, documentary sources were associated. Using the scattered sampling method, out of around 564 businessmen 150 businessmen were selected from popular tourist sites in North Central Province. For analysis, independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were applied. Cronbach’s alpha for each item viz financial knowledge, attitudes, and behavior was 0.884, 0.892, and 0.794 respectively. The existing level of financial discipline of respective businessmen is not at a fully appreciable level due to adverse outcomes of demographic factors like poor education and lack of business experience. The new data is that majority of tourist-linked small-scale businessmen in Sri Lanka are financially illiterate, and their thrift is not at a satisfactory level. The study was conducted subject to fewer limitations and eventually, some policy implications have been suggested.
A case of massive pulmonary embolism causing cardiac arrest managed with successful systemic thrombolytic in the emergency department
Authors: Yılmaz Fevzi , Tekin Yaşar , Toprak Nazmi , Eyı̇nç Mehmet Berk , Arslan Engin Deniz
Published: December 2022

Pulmonary Embolism (PE), when complicated by cardiac arrest, is almost always fatal despite all resuscitative efforts. However, a more favorable is possible when PE is rapidly identified as the cause of cardiac arrest and pulmonary circulation is quickly re-established by specific therapy. A 54-year-old woman was brought to the Emergency Department (ED) by 112 emergency ambulance service with the complaint of shortness of breath that had started 2 hours ago. She developed cardiac arrest while being physical examined 2 minutes after admission, and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) was immediately begun. Massive PE was considered the most likely diagnosis in the light of her history, physical examined, and bedside ultrasonography findings; thus, recombinant tissue Plasminogen Activator (r-tPA) was administered during CPR. The second CPR attempt achieved return of spontaneous circulation within 5 minutes. She was treated at intensive care unit for 32 days and discharged from the hospital with complete recovery.
Evidence-based work up and management of non-specific neck pain in the emergency department
Authors: Siu Victoria , Lin Samuel , Sivakumar Milan , Varkey Thomas C.
Published: December 2022

Neck pain has become a commonly encountered complaint in the emergency department and primary care office. A large proportion of the population, ranging from a fifth (⅕) to a third (⅓) of the total, will experience non-specific neck pain in their lifetime. Because of the difficulty to quickly parse out the differential and the severity of several of these diagnoses, it is imperative for physicians in the emergency department to establish a systematic and effective approach for evaluating nonspecific neck pain. This article will present a standardized case of a patient presenting with nonspecific neck pain, critically analyze current evidence and guidelines from major ruling bodies in internal medicine, neurology, neurosurgery, and radiology, examine major statements released by the Choosing Wisely Campaign, and propose a new diagnostic decision tree for the management of nonspecific neck pain.
Carleson perturbations for the regularity problem
Authors: Dai Zanbing , Feneuil Joseph , Mayboroda Svitlana
Published: December 2022

We prove that the solvability of the regularity problem in

L^q(\partial \Omega)

is stable under Carleson perturbations. If the perturbation is small, then the solvability is preserved in the same

L^q

, and if the perturbation is large, the regularity problem is solvable in

L^{r}

for some other

r\in (1,\infty)

. We extend an earlier result from Kenig and Pipher to very general unbounded domains, possibly with lower dimensional boundaries as in the theory developed by Guy David and the last two authors. To be precise, we only need the domain to have non-tangential access to its Ahlfors regular boundary, together with a notion of gradient on the boundary.
Christian Theological Grounds of Jurisprudence: Historical and Contemporary Aspects
Authors: Balzhyk Irena A. , Skurikhin Serhii M. , Lychko Valeriya S. , Dzhuraieva Olena O. , Lazor Kateryna P.
Published: December 2022

Relevance of Christian theological grounds of jurisprudence stems from the fact that a religion in general and Christianity in particular, remains one of the main regulators of social behavior, whereby the question of the connection between the law and religion as well as the question of the relationship between the Christian theology and jurisprudence arises. The purpose of this study is to reveal historical and contemporary aspects of the similarity, difference and interaction of Christian and legal spheres of the social reality. In particular, the interdisciplinary approach provided the combination of exegesis and hermeneutics, dialectics, dogmatic and historical methodological tools, and was used to retrace the evolution of the law and to disclose various connections between legal and religious prescriptions and the content. The main intersection points of the law and religion, particularly Christianity, such as sacredness, values, morality and axiomatic assertions are disclosed as well as the religious basis of the historical and contemporary law is proved in the article. The outcomes of the study are of practical value for implementating and affirming the rule of law, for strengthening of authorityof the legal system and legal order in Ukraine with the means of the Christian religion and religious institutions.
Insulin resistance and adverse lipid profile in untreated very early rheumatoid arthritis patients: A single-center, cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Ye Lu , Zhang Xin , Wu Huaxiang , Chen Yahui , Zhou Haibo , Wang Qiaohong , Xu Weihong
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the presence and factors related to insulin resistance (IR) in untreated very early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Patients and methods: Between June 2020 and July 2021, a total of 90 RA patients (29 males, 61 females; mean age: 49.3±10.2 years; range 24 to 68 years) and 90 age-, sex- and body mass index (BMI)-matched controls (35 males, 55 females; mean age: 48.3±5.1 years; range 38 to 62 years) were included. Homeostatic model assessment was applied to evaluate IR (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β). Disease activity score 28 (DAS28) was used to estimate disease activity. Lipid profile, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were measured. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the IR and clinical features of RA patients.

Results: The RA patients had higher HOMA-IR values (p<0.001) and adverse lipid profile. The IR was positively correlated with age (r=0.35, p<0.01), CRP (r=0.42, p<0.001), ESR (r=0.33, p<0.01), disease duration (r=0.28, p<0.01), and DAS28 (r=0.50, p<0.001). The DAS28, CRP and age, but not sex and menopausal status, were independently associated with IR.

Conclusion: Insulin resistance was present in untreated very early RA patients. The DAS28, CRP, and age were independent predictors for the presence of IR. Based on these findings, RA patients should be evaluated early for the presence of IR to reduce the risk of metabolic diseases.
Antinuclear antibody-negative systemic lupus erythematosus: How many patients and how to identify?
Authors: Li Hejun , Zheng Yiqing , Chen Ling , Lin Shunping
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aims to the prevalence of antinuclear antibody (ANA)-negative systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their clinical characteristics in a large single-center SLE inception cohort to provide guidance for early diagnosis.

Patients and methods: Between December 2012 and March 2021, the medical records of a total of 617 firstly diagnosed SLE patients (83 males, 534 females; median age [IQR]: 33+22.46 years) who fulfilled the selection criteria were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into groups with ANA-negative SLE and ANA-positive SLE, or with prolonged use of glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants (SLE-1) and without (SLE-0). Demographic, clinical characteristics, and laboratory features were collected.

Results: The total prevalence of ANA-negative SLE patients was 2.11% (13/617). The prevalence of ANA-negative SLE in SLE-1 (7.46%) was significantly higher than that in SLE-0 (1.48%) (p<0.01). The ANA-negative SLE patients had a higher prevalence of thrombocytopenia (84.62%) than ANA-positive SLE patients (34.27%). As with ANA-positive SLE, ANA-negative SLE also had a high prevalence of low complement (92.31%) and anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-dsDNA) positivity (69.23%). The prevalence of medium-high titer anti-cardiolipin antibody (aCL) IgG (50.00%) and anti-ß2 glycoprotein I (anti-ß2GPI) (50.00%) of ANA-negative SLE was significantly higher than that of ANA-positive SLE (11.22% and 14.93%, respectively).

Conclusion: The prevalence of ANA-negative SLE is very low, but it exists, particularly under the influence of prolonged use of glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants. Thrombocytopenia, low complement, positive anti-dsDNA, and medium-high titer antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) are the main manifestations of ANA-negative SLE. It is necessary to identify complement, anti-dsDNA, and aPL in ANA-negative patients with rheumatic symptoms, particularly thrombocytopenia.
Case Report: Cerebral Edema and Tonsillar Herniation Leading to Brain Death After Cocaine Use in a Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Gifford Connor , Norris Jordan , Sheehan Erin , Becker Kathryn , Alexander Christopher , Schroeder Jason , Smithason Saksith
Published: December 2022

The effect of cocaine use on the cerebral vasculature is well understood, with potential for ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. The risk of adverse effects can be prolonged and amplified in patients with renal dysfunction and uremia. Uremia-induced osmotic gradients and upregulation of aquaporin channels along with cocaine-induced blood-brain barrier degradation may act synergistically. We present the first known case of a non-compliant dialysis patient who suffers cerebral edema, tonsillar herniation, and brain death following cocaine use. A 32-year-old female with end-stage renal disease presented with shortness of breath and flu-like symptoms for one week and was alert and oriented with no neurologic deficits. The patient had missed her last 5 dialysis treatments and labs revealed hyperkalemia and uremia. Urine drug screen was positive for cocaine, opiates, and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Following dialysis and metabolic correction, she developed an irregular respiratory pattern and stridor and received neck computed tomography (CT). The patient became unresponsive with dilated and nonreactive pupils. CT revealed absent intraluminal carotid and vertebral artery flow at the skull base, cerebellar tonsil herniation, and anoxic brain injury. Vital signs were maintained, and cerebral edema was managed with 45-degree head-of-bed elevation and mannitol. Following cerebral edema treatment, the patient had preserved respiratory drive, fixed and dilated pupils, no corneal reflex, no cough or gag reflex, and negative oculocephalic reflex. Repeat cranial CT angiography revealed bilateral hemispheric edema, basal subarachnoid hemorrhage, and confirmed absent intracranial blood flow. Brain death was diagnosed with a radioisotope cerebral blood flow study. The use of cocaine in patients with renal dysfunction may increase the risk of cerebral edema and tonsillar herniation due to synergistic physiologic effects. Physicians should be aware of this interaction to allow for preventative measures.
Romantic fantasy and the grotesque in John Keats’s “Lamia”
Authors: Łuczyńska-Hołdys Małgorzata
Published: December 2022

The present article examines the notions of fantasy, illusion and logic in Keats’s romance Lamia (1819) from the perspective of the aesthetic and literary category of the grotesque. In his text Keats puts the grotesque to two uses. First, it serves to mark his ambiguous attitude to both reason and imagination as two exclusive modes of cognition; secondly, it records his uneasiness in relation to the romantic ideal of love. Two conflicting points of view inform and battle in the poem: one might be called Romantic, as it endorses imagination and beauty as values per se; the other invites an interrogation of the idealistic approach. Neither of these two perspectives is unequivocally applauded in the text, and the Romantic grotesque appears a perfect vehicle for expressing this incongruity.
Catachrestic Divergence:
Authors: Azimi Saba , Ahmadzadeh Shideh , Reza Ghorban Sabbagh Mahmoud
Published: December 2022

“The Monkey Puzzle” is one of the most interesting as well as intimidatingly complex poems of Marianne Moore. It envelops Moore’s attitude as an objectivist poet moving towards the relationship between language and the world. The scarce critical attention it has received does not reflect the high status it should have in Moore’s oeuvre. The present paper builds on the body of research that does exist, and from there moves on to a detailed analysis of the poem in an attempt to show how a catachrestic divergence from significatory processes is at work all throughout this poem. The reinterpretation of the poem through a focus on its  catachrestic bounciness will not only shed light on some of its most complex imagery, but will also show how a philosophical filament runs through the whole poem and invites the readers to trespass the boundaries of the significatory walls drawn around our imagination.
Lessons of Selborne:
Authors: Jajtner Tomáš
Published: December 2022

The following paper analyses a classic work of 18th century nature writing, Gilbert White’s (1720–1793) Natural History of Selborne (1789). It contextualizes the work in the cultural and philosophical discussions of its era, and stresses White’s “economy of nature” as a continuum of spiritual, aesthetic, and economic dimensions of nature. The essay argues that this complexity presents the English naturalist’s unique contribution to the rise of nature writing and ecological thought during the emergence of Romanticism. The final discussion here  deals with the reception of White’s work beginning in the late 1960s and its significance within the ecocritical debates of our day.