bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Intelligent Solution of Service Industry Supply Chain Network Optimization Based on Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Yixin , Guo Zhen
Published: August 2021

With the advent of the era of big data (BD), people’’s living standards and lifestyle have been greatly changed, and people’s requirements for the service level of the service industry are becoming higher and higher. The personalized needs of customers and private customization have become the hot issues of current research. The service industry is the core enterprise of the service industry. Optimizing the service industry supply network and reasonably allocating the tasks are the focus of the research at home and abroad. Under the background of BD, this paper takes the optimization of service industry supply network as the research object and studies the task allocation optimization of service industry supply network based on the analysis of customers’ personalized demand and user behavior. This paper optimizes the supply chain network of service industry based on genetic algorithm (GA), designs genetic operator, effectively avoids the premature of the algorithm, and improves the operation efficiency of the algorithm. The experimental results show that when m = 8 and n = 40, the average running time of the improved GA is 54.1 s. The network optimization running time of the algorithm used in this paper is very fast, and the stability is also higher.
Assessing the Impact of Virtual Standby Systems in Failure Propagation for Complex Wastewater Treatment Processes
Authors: Kristjanpoller Fredy , Viveros Pablo , Cárdenas Nicolás , Pascual Rodrigo
Published: August 2021

This article proposes an original probabilistic modelling methodology named Virtual Standby (VSB), which enables a practical simulation, analysis, and evaluation of the impact on availability and reliability achieved by potential buffering policies on the performance of complex production systems. Virtual Standby (VSB) corresponds to a design and operational characteristic where some machines under a failure scenario are capable to provide for a limited time, continuity to the subsystems downstream before suffering delay which is currently not considered when assessing availability. This feature plays a relevant role on the propagation of the effect of a failure; indeed, it could prevent the propagation by guaranteeing the isolation time needed to recover from its failure, controlling and reducing the production losses downstream. A case study of the preliminary treatment process of a wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) is developed bearing in mind the systemic behaviour in the event of a failure and the specific features of each equipment. VSB is a big advantage for the representation of this complex processes because, among other things, it considers the impact of buffering policies on the perceived availability of the system. This model allows determining different production levels, with a better and easier fitting of the reliability, availability, and production forecast of the process. Finally, the comparison between the VSB simulation results with traditional procedures that do not consider the operational continuity under a failure scenario confirms the strength and precision of the proposal for complex systems.
Rheological Evaluation of Modified Bitumen by EVA and Crumb Rubber Using RSM Optimization
Authors: Dehnad Mohamad H. , Damyar Behrouz , Farahani Hossein Z.
Published: August 2021

In the present study, ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA) and crumb rubber (CR) were used as bitumen modifiers. The experiment was designed by response surface methodology (RSM) at different levels of modifier additives based on the central composite design (CCD). Next, the Superpave protocol was followed to evaluate the modified bitumen performance at different temperatures compared with the unmodified bitumen. In this regard, to evaluate at high temperatures, a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test was performed, and G∗/sinδ index was examined on bitumen samples after aging. Besides, the bending beam rheometer (BBR) test was performed to evaluate the low‐temperature behaviour of the modified bitumen according to the SHRP standard based on the creep stiffness and creep rate. The optimal combination of additives was evaluated using RSM and analysis of statistical values to improve the performance properties of bitumen at high and low temperatures. Moreover, based on the DSR and BBR test results, 5.6% of EVA and 3.9% of CR were selected as the optimal values for the modified bitumen behaviour at the high and low temperatures of the mixture.
Bandwidth Enhancement of a Microstrip-Line-Fed Printed Rotated Wide-Slot Antenna Based on Self-Shape Blending Algorithm
Authors: Wu Aiting , Zhu Furan , Zhang Pengquan , Zhang Zhonghai , Guan Boran
Published: August 2021

This paper proposes a self-shape blending algorithm to improve antenna bandwidth. A printed antenna is designed for bandwidth enhancement based on the proposed algorithm; this approach can also be used to enhance bandwidth in other applications. The antenna completely covers WLAN bands and WiMAX bands after the proposed algorithm is applied. The shape of the rotating slot and the parasitic patch also changes, which excites additional resonance and improves the impedance matching at high frequencies. Test results show that the proposed antenna can work from 2.07 GHz to 5.94 GHz with

S

11

≤
−
10
dB

. Compared to a slot antenna without the self-shape blending algorithm, the bandwidth increases by more than 0.7 GHz.
Proyecciones de crecimiento el 2021
Authors: García Carlos
Published: August 2021

Las actuales proyecciones económicas se están sesgando al alza más por los deseos de crecer de los analistas que por hechos objetivos, sobre todo en un escenario tan complejo –y por qué no decir grave– como el actual. La crisis del Coronavirus solo es comparable a las tres severas recesiones que nos tocó experimentar en el siglo pasado: la Gran Depresión del 29, la fallida política de estabilización de 1975 y la crisis de la deuda externa de 1982. En todos estos episodios la economía chilena se recuperó, pero sus estructuras cambiaron drásticamente. En cambio, recesiones recientes como la crisis asiática del 1998 y la recesión financiera internacional del 2008, en términos comparativos, resultan ser episodios tenues y, por tanto, no significaron grandes cambios en nuestras vidas una vez que pudimos sobrepasar estos episodios. Continuar leyendo...
IFEs y la transición del desempleo al trabajo
Authors: Perticará Marcela , González Pablo
Published: August 2021

Si observamos los datos publicados por el INE, la pandemia significó la destrucción de aproximadamente un millón de empleos a lo largo del 2020, situación que no cambió sustancialmente durante el primer semestre del presente año. Estos datos son consistentes con los resultados que arroja el Estudio Longitudinal Empleo-Covid19 de la Universidad Católica, que muestra que si bien a julio del 2020 se había perdido casi 2.4 millones de empleos, a julio del año 2021, se recuperaron 1.4 millones. Casi la mitad de esos puestos perdidos afectaron a las mujeres, para las que la tasa de participación cayó diez puntos con respecto a la que prevalecía prepandemia. Continuar leyendo...
CX-5461 Sensitizes DNA Damage Repair–proficient Castrate-resistant Prostate Cancer to PARP Inhibition
Authors: Lawrence Mitchell G. , Porter Laura H. , Choo Nicholas , Pook David , Grummet Jeremy P. , Pezaro Carmel J. , Sandhu Shahneen , Ramm Susanne , Luu Jennii , Bakshi Andrew , Goode David L. , Sanij Elaine , Pearson Richard B. , Hannan Ross D. , Simpson Kaylene J. , Taylor Renea A. , Risbridger Gail P. , Furic Luc
Published: August 2021

Monotherapy with PARP inhibitors is effective for the subset of castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with defects in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair. New treatments are required for the remaining tumors, and an emerging strategy is to combine PARP inhibitors with other therapies that induce DNA damage. Here we tested whether PARP inhibitors are effective for HR-proficient CRPC, including androgen receptor (AR)-null tumors, when used in combination with CX-5461, a small molecule that inhibits RNA polymerase I transcription and activates the DNA damage response, and has antitumor activity in early phase I trials. The combination of CX-5461 and talazoparib significantly decreased in vivo growth of patient-derived xenografts of HR-proficient CRPC, including AR-positive, AR-null, and neuroendocrine tumors. CX-5461 and talazoparib synergistically inhibited the growth of organoids and cell lines, and significantly increased the levels of DNA damage. Decreased tumor growth after combination therapy was maintained for 2 weeks without treatment, significantly increasing host survival. Therefore, combination treatment with CX-5461 and talazoparib is effective for HR-proficient tumors that are not suitable for monotherapy with PARP inhibitors, including AR-null CRPC. This expands the spectrum of CRPC that is sensitive to PARP inhibition.
The Ratio of Exhausted to Resident Infiltrating Lymphocytes Is Prognostic for Colorectal Cancer Patient Outcome
Authors: Foroutan Momeneh , Molania Ramyar , Pfefferle Aline , Behrenbruch Corina , Scheer Sebastian , Kallies Axel , Speed Terence P. , Cursons Joseph , Huntington Nicholas D.
Published: August 2021

Immunotherapy success in colorectal cancer is mainly limited to patients whose tumors exhibit high microsatellite instability (MSI). However, there is variability in treatment outcomes within this group, which is in part driven by the frequency and characteristics of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Indeed, the presence of specific infiltrating immune-cell subsets has been shown to correlate with immunotherapy response and is in many cases prognostic of treatment outcome. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) can undergo distinct differentiation programs, acquiring features of tissue-residency or exhaustion, a process during which T cells upregulate inhibitory receptors, such as PD-1, and lose functionality. Although residency and exhaustion programs of CD8+ T cells are relatively well studied, these programs have only recently been appreciated in CD4+ T cells and remain largely unknown in tumor-infiltrating natural killer (NK) cells. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data to identify signatures of residency and exhaustion in colorectal cancer–infiltrating lymphocytes, including CD8+, CD4+, and NK cells. We then tested these signatures in independent single-cell data from tumor and normal tissue–infiltrating immune cells. Furthermore, we used versions of these signatures designed for bulk RNA-seq data to explore tumor-intrinsic mutations associated with residency and exhaustion from TCGA data. Finally, using two independent transcriptomic datasets from patients with colon adenocarcinoma, we showed that combinations of these signatures, in particular combinations of NK-cell activity signatures, together with tumor-associated signatures, such as TGFβ signaling, were associated with distinct survival outcomes in patients with colon adenocarcinoma.
Nasalance Scores as a Function of Skeletal Malocclusion of English-Speaking Adults in the North Indian Population
Authors: Verma Sanjeev , Bhupali Nameksh Raj , Singh Satinder Pal , Vir Dharam , Lal Chaman
Published: August 2021

Objective: The objective of this study is quantitative assessment of nasalance for skeletal Class I (normative values), Class II, and III malocclusion in the English language for the North Indian population and to compare the normative values with the nasalance scores obtained from individuals with skeletal Class II and III malocclusion and to evaluate the normative values as a function of gender. Material and Methods: The study was conducted on a total sample of 200 patients with 100, 50, and 50 in group 1 (control group, Skeletal Class I), group 2 (Skeletal Class II), and group 3 (Skeletal Class III), respectively. ANB angle (anteroposterior angle formed by point A, nasion, and point B) measured on lateral cephalogram was used to categorize the patients into 3 groups. The normative nasalance scores were compared for males and females in the control group. The nasalance scores of skeletal Class II and III subjects were compared to the combined normative scores of the control group. The NasalView was used for the objective assessment of nasalance. Oral syllables (/pa/and/pi/), nasal syllables (/ma/and/mi/), and 3 passages (Zoo passage, Rainbow passage, and Nasal sentences) were used to determine the nasalance scores. Results: The intragroup comparison of nasalance scores in group 1 showed statistically significant differences for different stimuli. The gender-related comparison showed no statistically significant differences in nasalance scores. The intergroup comparison of nasalance scores for skeletal malocclusion showed no statistically significant differences for different stimuli except statistically significant lower nasalance values for nasal sentences in group 3 compared to the control group. Conclusion: The study concluded that the nasalance scores for nasal sentences in skeletal Class III malocclusion were significantly lower than in the control group and were not statistically significant between the 3 groups for all other stimuli.
Middle-Ear Resonance Frequency and Eustachian Tube Function in Players of Wind Instruments
Authors: Ozer Fulya , Ozer Cem , Erbek Seyra , Ozluoglu Levent N.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The effect of the continuous forced expiration action of players of wind instruments to produce sound, on the eustachian tube functions and the middle-ear resonance frequency (RF), has not been investigated in the literature to date. The aim of this study is to evaluate eustachian tube functions and the middle-ear RF of players of wind instruments. Methods: In this prospective case-control clinical study, a study group of 28 players of wind instruments in the orchestra (28 participants, 56 ears) and a control group of 34 volunteers (34 participants, 68 ears) were included. The eustachian function of wind instrument players in a symphony orchestra was measured using an automatic eustachian tube function test in acoustic tympanometry and the RF of the middle ear was determined in multifrequency tympanometry. Results: There was a statistically significant difference among the musicians, especially in players of woodwind instruments, in terms of dysfunction of the eustachian tubes (p = 0.048). In the musicians, the pre- and postperformance RF mean values for all ears were 925 and 1,020 Hz, respectively, and these were significantly different (p = 0.004). Conclusion: This is the first study to uses multifrequency tympanometry to examine the middle-ear RF and eustachian tube function of wind instrument musicians in an orchestra. Eustachian tube dysfunction was found to be more prominent and a higher RF of the middle ear was seen after a performance, especially in players of wood wind instruments. However, the effect of these on the professional performance of players of wind instruments should be investigated in future work.
Changes in CRP and CA19-9 during Preoperative Oncological Therapy Predict Postoperative Survival in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Nurmi Anna Maria , Mustonen Harri , Haglund Caj , Seppänen Hanna
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Tumor and systemic inflammatory markers predict survival. This retrospective study aimed to explore the changes in CRP, CA19-9, and other routine laboratory tests during preoperative oncological therapy as prognostic factors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: Between 2000 and 2016, 68 borderline resectable PDAC patients received preoperative oncological therapy and underwent subsequent surgery at Helsinki University Hospital, Finland. We investigated changes in CRP, CA19-9, CEA, albumin, leukocytes, bilirubin, and platelets and examined the impact on survival. Results: In the multivariate analysis, CRP remaining at ≥3 mg/L after preoperative oncological therapy predicted a poorer postoperative outcome when compared to CRP decreasing to or remaining at <3 mg/L (hazard ratio [HR] 2.766, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.300–5.885, p = 0.008). Furthermore, a CA19-9 decrease >90% during preoperative treatment predicted a favorable postoperative outcome (HR 0.297, 95% CI: 0.124–0.708, p = 0.006). In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, the median survival for patients with CRP remaining at <3 mg/L was longer than among patients with an increased CRP level at ≥3 mg/L (42 months vs. 24 months, p = 0.001). Patients with a CA19-9 decrease >90% or level normalization (to ≤37 kU/L) during preoperative treatment exhibited a median survival of 47 months; those with a 50–90% decrease, 15 months; and those with a <50% decrease, 17 months (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Changes in CRP and CA19-9 during preoperative oncological therapy predict postoperative survival.
Long-Term Outcomes after Early Neonatal Hyperglycemia in VLBW Infants: A Systematic Review
Authors: Paulsen Megan E. , Brown Sarah Jane , Satrom Katherine M. , Scheurer Johannah M. , Ramel Sara E. , Rao Raghavendra B.
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Long-term effects of early hyperglycemia in VLBW infants are poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to systematically review the effect of early hyperglycemia on growth, metabolic health, and neurodevelopment after neonatal intensive care unit discharge in VLBW infants. Methods: The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019123335). Data sources included Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Scopus. Selected studies included infants with a blood glucose concentration >150 mg/dL (8.3 mmol/L) during the first 28 days of life, a gestational age (GA) <32 weeks, and/or a birth weight <1,500 g and longitudinal data on growth, metabolic health, or neurodevelopment outcomes. The GRADE system was used to assess quality of evidence. Results: Eight studies (n = 987 infants) reported long-term outcomes from 4-month corrected GA to 7 years old. Most studies compared long-term outcomes of preterm infants with and without hyperglycemia. Two studies addressed outcomes related to interventions following early hyperglycemia. Some studies found differences in growth, metabolic health, and neurodevelopment outcomes between VLBW preterm infants with hyperglycemia and without hyperglycemia, while other studies found no differences between groups. The overall graded quality of evidence was low. Conclusions: Well-designed randomized controlled and prospective studies are necessary to determine the effect of early hyperglycemia and its treatment on later metabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes in VLBW infants. Authors propose a potential study design for standardizing the assessment of long-term metabolic and neurodevelopmental outcomes following early hyperglycemia in preterm infants.
Topotecan plus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy versus Etoposide plus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy for Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: He Mengyu , Wu Bingxuan , Liu Qiangyun , Fang Zige , Liu Miaowen , Yi Fengming , Wei Yiping , Peng Jinhua , Zhang Wenxiong
Published: August 2021

Background: Whether topotecan plus platinum-based chemotherapy (TP) can achieve better results than etoposide plus platinum-based chemotherapy (EP) for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) treatment is still controversial in clinical applications. We compared the effectiveness and toxicity of TP versus EP in this meta-analysis. Methods: We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for completeness one by one to find articles that met the conditions. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed as primary endpoints, and the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs) were analyzed as secondary endpoints. Results: In total, 2,480 articles were retrieved, and 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) contained results based on 1,924 patients. EP suggested conspicuously better OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.24 [1.02, 1.50], p = 0.03) and PFS (HR: 1.39 [1.17, 1.64], p = 0.0001) in SCLC treatment than TP, and ORR (54.1% vs. 60.2%, risk ratio [RR]: 0.77 [0.57, 1.06], p = 0.11), and DCR (74.9% vs. 84.4%, RR: 0.89 [0.79, 1.00], p = 0.06) tended to favor EP. Subgroup analysis of subsistence showed that EP had prominent benefit in the following subgroups: Asian, median age > 60, first-line treatment, ECOG 0–2, intravenous topotecan, and cisplatin. AEs illustrated that EP had conspicuously more anemia and alopecia than TP. Conclusions: Compared with TP, EP was noticeably better in OS and PFS, but EP was toxic in terms of anemia and alopecia. More multicenter, better planned RCTs are needed.
Diagnostic Dilemma in an Adolescent Girl with an Eating Disorder, Intellectual Disability, and Hypomagnesemia
Authors: Bamhraz Abdulaziz A. , Franken Gijs A.C. , de Baaij Jeroen H.F. , Rodrigues Allison , Grady Rosheen , Deveau Stephanie , Chanchlani Rahul
Published: August 2021

Neurological disorders, including seizures, migraine, depression, and intellectual disability, are frequently associated with hypomagnesemia. Specifically, magnesium (Mg2+) channel transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) 6 and TRPM7 are essential for brain function and development. Both channels are also localized in renal and intestinal epithelia and are crucial for Mg2+(re)absorption. Cyclin M2 (CNNM2) is located on the basolateral side of the distal convoluted tubule. In addition, it plays a role in the maintenance of plasma Mg2+ levels along with TRPM6, which is present at the apical level. The CNNM2 gene is crucial for renal magnesium handling, brain development, and neurological functioning. Here, we identified a novel mutation in the CNNM2 gene causing a cognitive delay in a girl with hypomagnesemia. We suggest testing for CNNM2 mutation in patients with neurological impairment and hypomagnesemia.
Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated Protein 1 Antibody-Positive Polyradiculopathy Associated with Epstein-Barr Virus Infection
Authors: Uzunalimoğlu Berrin Pelit , Sağlam Abdülhamit , Şişman Büşra , Günaydın Sefer , Uzuner Esen Gül , Aysal Fikret , Tüzün Erdem , Baştan Birgül
Published: August 2021

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with a plethora of neurological manifestations including polyneuropathy and polyradiculopathy. A 27-year-old man with a recent upper respiratory system infection presented with difficulty in walking. His neurological examination revealed reduced muscle strength in both proximal and distal lower limb muscles without sensory and autonomic signs. Needle electromyography showed abnormal spontaneous activity and reduced recruitment of motor units in muscles innervated by multiple lumbo-sacral roots. Cerebrospinal examination showed increased protein levels with normal cell counts. While spinal MRI was normal, whole-body CT and PET examination showed disseminated lymph node enlargement. Anti-EBV viral capsid antigen and anti-nuclear antigen IgG but not IgM was positive, whereas EBV PCR was negative in blood. Analysis of inguinal lymph node biopsy showed reactive lymphoid hyperplasia and EBV DNA. Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 (LGI1) antibody was found in serum but not in CSF. All clinical, imaging, and electrophysiological findings improved following steroid and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. These findings suggested the acute involvement of lumbo-sacral spinal roots and/or motor neurons. Purely motor polyradiculopathy has been reported in both EBV-positive and LGI1 antibody-positive patients, and EBV infection is known to precede different autoimmune manifestations. Whether EBV infection may trigger LGI1 autoimmunity and cause involvement of spinal motor roots and/or motor neurons needs to be further studied.
Die Tumorheterogenität des uvealen Melanoms: Diagnostisch und prognostisch wichtig?
Authors: Seibel Ira
Published: August 2021

Tumor biopsies in uveal melanoma (UM) serve mainly the purpose of prognostication and assessment of individual metastatic risk, but can be used for diagnosis in selected cases. The importance of precise information is paramount for selecting adequate surveillance protocols, patient counseling, and optimization of treatment strategies. However, intratumoral heterogeneity and sample representativity are major concerns and can interfere with the correct prediction of the patient’s prognosis. We report a series of cases of UM with distinct morphologically identifiable areas, highlighting the differences in clinical behavior, as well as histopathological and genetic features.
Refraktive Laserbehandlung trotz Herpes-simplex-Keratitis?
Authors: Linke Stephan Johannes
Published: August 2021

Das Review von Moshifar M et al. untersucht Fälle von Reaktivierung einer Herpes-simplex-Keratitis (HSK) nach refraktiven Operationen. Die Autoren kommen zu dem Schluss, dass HSK in der Patientenvorgeschichte nicht per se ein Ausschlusskriterium für refraktive Hornhautoperationen ist, solange sie keine aktive Infektion aufweisen und seit mindestens einem Jahr krankheitsfrei sind. Für diese Patienten empfehlen sie eine Behandlung zwei Wochen vor und mindestens zwei Wochen nach dem Eingriff mit 400 mg Acyclovir zweimal täglich oder 500 mg Valacyclovir einmal täglich.
Buparlisib in Kombination mit Tamoxifen: Rationale für zielgerichtete Therapie bei PIK3CA-mutiertem metastasierten Mammakarzinom bestätigt
Authors: Claussen Carlota , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie
Published: August 2021

The PIKTAM study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the PI3K inhibitor buparlisib in combination with tamoxifen in hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients after failure of prior endocrine therapy. In this open-label, single-arm phase II trial, 25 patients were enrolled in 11 sites in Germany. Patients were stratified according to PIK3CA mutation status (tissue and cfDNA from serum samples) and/or loss of PTEN expression. Patients received buparlisib (100mg) and tamoxifen (20mg) once daily on a continuous schedule (28-day cycle) until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoint was overall 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate. Key secondary endpoints included the 6-month PFS rate in subpopulations, PFS, overall survival, overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety. Overall, the 6-month PFS rate was 33.3% (n/N = 7/21, one-sided 95% CI 16.8–100) and median PFS was 6.1 (CI 2.6–10.6) months. The ORR and DCR were 12.5% and 44%. The PIK3CA-mutated subgroup consistently showed the highest 6-month PFS rate (62.5%, n/N = 5/8), median PFS (8.7 months), ORR (40%), and DCR (80%). No new safety signals emerged. Most common adverse events were gastrointestinal disorders (56%), psychiatric/mood disorders (48%), skin rash/hypersensitivity (44%), cardiovascular (40%), and hepatic (32%) events. The trial was prematurely terminated due to the substantially altered risk – benefit profile of buparlisib. Nevertheless, PIK3CA mutations emerged as a clinically feasible and useful biomarker for combined PI3K inhibition and endocrine therapy in patients with HR+ breast cancer. Further biomarker – stratified studies with isoform – specific PI3K inhibitors are warranted. EudraCT No: 2014–000599–24.
Differentiation Potential of Cultured Extracellular DEAD-Box Helicase 4+ Oogonial Stem Cells from Adult Human Ovaries into Somatic Lineages
Authors: Ariyath Ajish , Kanthi Janu Mangala , Paul-Prasanth Bindhu
Published: August 2021

The transdifferentiation potential of human oogonial stem cells (hOSCs) isolated using the antibody against extracellular DEAD-Box Helicase 4 (ecDDX4) remains undetermined. Hence, this study isolated OSCs from ovarian cortical pieces of premenopausal women using ecDDX4 antibody by magnetic activated cell sorting and expanded these cells under embryonic stem cell (ESC)-like culture conditions to inves­tigate their transdifferentiation potential. The number of ecDDX4+ cells obtained was variable in each isolation. When cultured on inactivated mouse embryonic fibroblast feeder layer with human leukemia inhibitory factor (hLIF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in Minimum Essential Medium, the hOSCs aggregated, forming ESC-like colonies. The average size of these cells was around 10 μm. hOSCs in culture were positive for alkaline phosphatase and further formed embryoid bodies (EBs) when grown on low attachment plates containing Essential 6 Medium without hLIF and bFGF. Subsequently, EBs differentiated into 3 germ layers, which were confirmed by staining with beta-III tubulin (TUJ1) for ectoderm, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for endoderm, and smooth muscle actin (SMA) for mesoderm. Further, using appropriate induction media, the EBs derived from ecDDX4+ hOSCs were differentiated into somatic lineages such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, cardiomyocytes, and neuronal precursor-like cells, which were confirmed by immunofluorescence using antibodies against specific markers for each cell type. This study corroborated the previous findings that ovaries of adult women possess germ cell progenitors that can be isolated using ecDDX4, and these cells can be manipulated as pluripotent stem cells by culturing them under ESC-like culture conditions akin to their male counterparts, the spermatogonial stem cells. Further, these cells could differentiate into somatic lineages under specific signalling environments.
Vozes femininas na literatura brasileira entresséculos (XIX-XX): Júlia Lopes de Almeida e A falência
Authors: Galindo Marina Ambrozio
Published: August 2021

Júlia Lopes de Almeida (1862 – 1934) é um nome que merece atenção em nossa historiografia literária. Autora mais publicada no período em que viveu, mulher de destaque nas letras e na sociedade carioca dos finais do século XIX e início do XX, custeou, com ganhos próprios, a publicação de algumas de suas obras e foi colaboradora de importantes jornais da época. Júlia Lopes de Almeida publicou cerca de trinta obras dentre as quais encontram-se romances, contos, crônicas, relatos de viagem, manual de jardinagem. Este artigo propõe uma análise da obra A falência (1901), romance realista que, além de expor um retrato não idealizado da sociedade brasileira, veicula um pensamento bastante moderno a respeito do papel da mulher nesta mesma sociedade.
Feridas grandes demais: inferiorização feminina e miserabilidade social no conto A bela e a fera, de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Caleffi Leandro Antognoli
Published: August 2021

Escrito em 1977 e publicado dois anos depois em livro homônimo, o conto A bela e a fera ou A ferida grande demais, de Clarice Lispector, narra a história de Carla de Souza e Santos, mulher burguesa que, ao ver-se afastada de casa, passa a ter questionamentos sobre o papel da mulher na sociedade. Momento depois quando encontra um mendigo, a personagem começa a problematizar os privilégios próprios de sua classe social. Nessa perspectiva, o presente artigo visa analisar as maneiras pelas quais a inferiorização feminina e a miserabilidade social são figuradas na narrativa, a fim de contribuir para uma leitura histórica da obra da autora.
Sobre comprar fósforos. E bebês. Mantenha ao alcance de uma mulher (ou de duas). Resenha da peça Mantenha fora do alcance do bebê
Authors: Balista Lígia Rodrigues
Published: August 2021

Resenha da peça "Mantenha fora do alcance do bebê", de Silvia Gomez.
A contística de Clarice Lispector e Sonia Coutinho: o liame entre a linguagem e o ato de narrar
Authors: Cabral Deivity Kássio Correia
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho investiga as relações temáticas e estruturais que permitem apontar uma afinidade entre as estéticas e experiências autorais de Clarice Lispector e Sonia Coutinho, ou seja, rastreia-se quais relações entre a linguagem e o ato de narrar de Sonia Coutinho retomam questões caras a Clarice Lispector em sua produção literária. Embasado em estudiosos como Barthes (2012), Pamuk (2011), Sá (1979), Sant’anna (2013), Asadczuk (2017) e Leiro (2003), apliquei tais rastreamentos críticos, teóricos e linguísticos na análise de alguns contos de Clarice Lispector e Sonia Coutinho, viabilizando comparações entre as experiências narradas e as perspectivas apresentadas por cada autora em seu panorama narrativo. No decorrer das análises, uma visão geral pôde ser traçada, na qual as personagens clariceanas iniciam um percurso conflituoso para um aprendizado existencial; situação essa que avança nas narrativas de Coutinho, posto que as personagens aceitam o desafio de transgredirem os papéis sociais e serem/viverem suas próprias identidades, mesmo que atravessadas pela impossibilidade de serem compreendidas.
Diadorim, o menino iniciante de Riobaldo: um diálogo com o Grande-Mestre Bené
Authors: Medeiros Adonai da Silva de , Figueiredo Elielson de Souza
Published: August 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um breve resultado da fundamentação e aplicação da categoria, de cunho ontofenomenológica, intitulada “apreensão-dos-afetos”, a qual teve sua origem a partir da leitura de Grande sertão: veredas, de Guimarães Rosa (2015). Para tanto, concentraremos nossa atenção em um momento específico do romance, o qual se refere à travessia primeira de Riobaldo, tendo no Menino-Diadorim o ponto de iniciação de sua jornada. A categoria em questão teve sua fundamentação teórica, principalmente, pautada nos estudos ontológicos de Sartre (2002), porém, neste trabalho em especial, teremos os ensaios de Benedito Nunes (1992, 2013a) como guia, de vez que o filósofo representa um dos principais elos entre teoria filosófica e interpretação literária. A apreensão-dos-afetos revela-se a partir dos vestígios linguísticos que Riobaldo deixa durante o ato de narrar os afetos apreendidos quando menino, registrados a partir dos acontecimentos do início de sua travessia ao demonstrar suas impressões, percepções, reflexões sofridas/realizadas e o modo como comportou-se diante do menino-Diadorim. Travaremos o diálogo com Benedito Nunes sobre três perspectivas: a busca de Riobaldo pela Unidade primeira; um norte para a fundamentação da categoria; a aplicação da categoria ao romance, tendo como guia a interpretação de Benedito Nunes (2013a).
Patriarcado devorado: leitura de “Esses Lopes”, de João Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Simonette Lucas
Published: August 2021

Partindo de uma perspectiva que articula literatura e sociedade, o objetivo deste texto é analisar a figuração literária do patriarcado brasileiro no conto “Esses Lopes” presente no livro Tutameia, de João Guimarães Rosa. O patriarcado, entendido como estrutura de poder que mescla a dimensão familiar à social, surge no Brasil Colônia e toma outras formas, conforme as demandas da modernidade. “Esses Lopes” apresenta o patriarcado do ponto de vista de uma mulher que mata os violentos esposos. Os meios pelos quais ela comete os assassinatos expõem o papel histórico da mulher na sociedade patriarcal. A postura transgressora da protagonista se expressa simbolicamente na devoração, imagem que conjugará, ao mesmo tempo, o poder da palavra e os artifícios caseiros. Este artigo expõe alguns apontamentos alcançados na pesquisa de mestrado que investiga o mesmo tema também em outros dois contos: “Nada e a nossa condição”, de Primeiras Estórias, e “A volta do marido pródigo”, de Sagarana.
A liberdade política e artística em Gilka Machado: uma questão de autoria
Authors: Borges Jaqueline Ferreira
Published: August 2021

A voz feminina na literatura, especialmente como sujeito do discurso, se construiu a partir de uma história de enfrentamentos contra a sociedade patriarcal do final do século XIX e início do XX. Tendo como mote principal a subversão e a força da mulher, a literatura de autoria feminina tem reelaborado o cânone elitizado, portanto branco, hétero e masculino, questionando a estrutura hierárquica que oprime raças, gêneros e classes sociais específicas, aquelas colocadas à margem da sociedade capitalista. Portanto, partindo de teorias advindas da luta feminista, este artigo mostra o impulso das questões de autoria feminina no Brasil, apresentando brevemente algumas mulheres essenciais para a busca da visibilidade da mulher nos espaços sociais e intelectuais, especialmente Gilka Machado (1893-1980), poeta carioca conhecida nos círculos literários de sua época como imoral e libertina. Autora de livros como Meu glorioso pecado e Mulher nua, teve sua obra resumida ao erotismo, motivo pelo qual ainda hoje recebe pouca atenção da historiografia literária. A estrutura social, política e literária marca o silenciamento que envolveu a poeta, construindo um cânone responsável por ignorar ou evidenciar escritores. Como arcabouço teórico, este artigo teve como base, discussões de Ribeiro (2019), Telles (2004), Muzart (1990) e outros.
Organizacija rada u operacijskim dvoranama u COVID bolnici - KB Dubrava
Authors: Kozina Begić Blaženka , Osredečki Mihoci Martina
Published: August 2021

Zbog specifične izgradnje bolnice i njezina smještaja, hrvatska je vlada odlučila da će Klinička bolnica Dubrava u potpunosti biti pretvorena u ustanovu za liječenje pacijenata oboljelih od bolesti COVID-19 za sjevernu Hrvatsku. U ožujku 2020. godine transformacija je započela stavljajući brojne izazove pred zaposlenike, posebno medicinske sestre. Transformacija je započela prilagodbom prostora i razvojem mnogih protokola, smjernica i radnih uputa vezanih za kretanje pacijenata i bolničkog osoblja unutar ustanove, pravilnu upotrebu osobne zaštitne opreme i rješavanje različitih situacija povezanih s COVID-19 bolesti. Operacijske medicinske sestre imale su velik doprinos u ovoj borbi radom u promijenjenim uvjetima, dislociranim operacijskim dvoranama, edukacijom medicinskog i nemedicinskog bolničkog osoblja o ispravnoj upotrebi osnovnih zaštitnih sredstava (OZS) te upravljanjem i raspolaganjem s OZS-om. Na valovima pandemije COVID-19 izazovno je brzo se prilagođavati učestalim promjenama u smjernicama i pratiti potrebe pacijenata te se istovremeno pripremati za mogući treći val pandemije i slične buduće scenarije.
The First of All Natural Sciences: Roger Bacon on Perspectiva and Human Knowledge
Authors: Mantovani Mattia
Published: August 2021

This article is devoted to Roger Bacon’s understanding of perspectiva as “the first of all natural sciences.” After considering a few alternative medieval definitions and classifications of this discipline – such as al-Fārābī’s, Grosseteste’s and Kilwardby’s – the author turns to Bacon’s arguments for according to perspectiva so exceptional a role. He shows that Bacon’s arguments are grounded in his peculiar understanding of the visual process: according to Bacon, vision is indeed the only sense in which perception takes place “by reasoning” (per sillogismum). The author argues that this theory of perception also lays the foundations for Bacon’s – prima facie amiss – claim that “concerning vision alone, and no other sense, have philosophers developed a separate science.” The author explores this point by contrasting with one another Bacon’s conception of perspectiva and of music, and closes with some more general remarks on the implications of Bacon’s account of the visual process for his theory of knowledge. Based on his theory of a “vision by reasoning,” the author concludes that Bacon came to reinterpret perspectiva as the organon of visual knowledge.
History of Epidemics in China
Authors: Lu Di
Published: August 2021

The global pandemic of COVID-19 as a zoonotic disease invites new reflections on the human-animal relationship in the history of epidemics. Historians have explored medical concepts, social impacts, and other aspects of epidemics in China at different geographical and temporal scales. Relevant research significantly enriches historical understanding, yet animals seldom occupy the center of attention despite the fact that a variety of human infectious diseases such as plague are zoonotic in origin. This article suggests the need for a reappraisal of epidemics in Chinese history, with particular consideration of historical information on the multifold involvement of animals in human infections and anticontagious measures. Rethinking historically the interactions between humans and animals within the epidemic context helps to raise our awareness that Chinese medical thinkers were sensitive to the possibility of zoonotic infection, and prompt new analyses of how they understood the human-animal boundary and beyond.
Verbalization/Insubordination: A Diachronic Syntactic Isogloss in Northeast Asia
Authors: Malchukov Andrej , Czerwinski Patryk
Published: August 2021

The present paper discusses one of diachronic syntactic isoglosses in Northeast Asia. This study addresses in particular the process of renewal of finite verbal forms through non-finite forms, which is very prominent in different families in Northeast Asia (Tungusic, Mongolic, Turkic, Japanese and Korean). It will be shown that the processes of verbalization (finitization of participles and nominalizations) is a general areal feature in Northeast Asia, but recognition of this diachronic isogloss has been partially hampered by differences in research traditions. Apart from similarities (finitization of participles/nominalizations, displacement and modalization of the erstwhile finite forms), the languages also show certain differences, in part reflecting structural differences of constructions subject to reanalysis. Following up on our earlier work, in this paper we will be more specific on how the developments in the Korean verbal system fit into this general pattern.
Names of Large Exotic Animals and the Urheimat of Japonic
Authors: Vovin Alexander
Published: August 2021

This article argues that three words designating large tropical animals not endemic for Japan: kisa ‘elephant’, tora ‘tiger’, and wani ‘saltwater crocodile’ were borrowed into Japonic from Austroasiatic or Kradai languages. If so, this becomes another important piece of evidence for locating the Urheimat of the Japonic Language family in Southern China and/or Northern South-East Asia driving yet another nail into the coffin of the ‘Altaic’ theory. Since all these words are disyllabic, they also contribute to the reconstruction of the disyllabic words in Austroasiatic and Kradai. This is especially important in the case of Kradai, where in spite of the rather recent fall of the monosyllabic curtain, the idea about the ‘primordial’ nature of the monosyllabic structure is still enjoying considerable support.
A descriptive and comparative neurocranium morphology of Anguilliformes fishes in Taiwan waters
Authors: RAMOS-CASTRO MARITES , LOH KAR-HOE , CHEN HONG-MING
Published: August 2021

Taiwan is one of the richest in the world in terms of eel fauna. In this study, we examined the osteological and morphological characteristics of eels under order Anguilliformes. Furthermore, we focused on the neurocranium of total of 30 Anguilliformes fishes under family Congridae (10), Muraenesocidae (1), Muraenidae (7), Nemichthyidae (1), Nettastomatidae (2), Ophichthidae (5), Synaphobranchidae (4), which are caught in Taiwanese waters. This paper shows the results of a comparative study on osteological characters of the neurocranium including the ratio of seven length characters using its NCL (neurocranium length), NCW (neurocranium width), OBL (orbit length), MFW (maximum frontal width), NCDB (neurocranium depth at basisphenoid), PEVW (premaxilla-ethmovomer width) and mPOBL (mid pre-orbital length), and 20 morphological diagnostic characters for 30 eel species. Results shows that species under family Nemichthyidae and Nettastomatidae have the highest values on the ratio of NCL/MFW, NCL/NCDB, and NCW/mPOBD. In morphological characters, it shows that species of the same family mostly share similar formation of the PEV plate and frontal structure. The usage of the length measurements and morphological diagnostic characters of neurocranium allowed for a more in depth understanding of how similar or different these eels can be. The neurocranial description and morphological characters may prove valuable for identification purposes and might be necessary tool for further studies on the status of order Anguilliformes.
Revisiting the Precipitous Terrain Classification from a Meteorological Perspective
Authors: Muñoz-Esparza Domingo , Shin Hyeyum Hailey , Keller Teddie L. , Ikeda Kyoko , Sharman Robert D. , Steiner Matthias , Rawdon Jeff , Pokodner Gary
Published: August 2021

Takeoff and landing maneuvers can be particularly hazardous at airports surrounded by complex terrain. To address this, the Federal Aviation Administration has developed a Precipitous Terrain classification, as a way to impose more restrictive terrain clearances in the vicinity of complex terrain and to mitigate possible altimeter errors and pilot control problems experienced while executing instrument approach procedures. The current Precipitous Point Value (PPV) algorithm relies on the terrain characteristics within a local area of 2 NM, and is therefore static in time. In this work, we investigate the role of meteorological effects leading to potential aviation hazards over complex terrain, namely turbulence, altimeter setting errors and density altitude deviations. To that end, we combine observations with high-resolution numerical weather forecasts within a 2° × 2° region over the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, containing three airports that are surrounded by Precipitous Terrain. Both available turbulence reports and model’s turbulence forecasts show little correlation with the PPV algorithm for the region analyzed, indicating that the static terrain characteristics cannot generally be used to reliably capture hazardous low-level turbulence events. Altimeter setting errors and density altitude effects are also found to be only very weakly correlated with the PPV algorithm. Altimeter setting errors contribute to hazardous conditions mainly during cold seasons, driven by synoptic weather systems, while density altitude effects are on the contrary predominantly present during the spring and summer months, and follow a very well-marked diurnal evolution modulated by surface radiative effects. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of high-resolution weather forecast information in determining aviation-relevant hazardous conditions over complex terrain.