bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konsep Distribusi Pendapatan Dalam Islam
Authors: Subhan ZA Moh. Ah.
Published: October 2020

The main problem of social life in the community is about how to make the allocation and distribution of income well. Inequality and poverty basically arise not because of the difference of anyoneâ€™s strength and weakness in getting livelihood, but because of inappropriate distribution mechanism. With the result that wealth treasure just turns on the rich wealthy, which is in turn, results in the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.Therefore, a discussion on distribution becomes main focus of theory of Islamic economics. Moreover, the discussion of the distribution is not only related to economic issues, but also social and political aspects. On the other side, the economic vision of Islam gives priority to the guarantee of the fulfillment of a better life. Islam emphasizes distributive justice and encloses, in its system, a program for the redistribution of wealth and prosperity, so that each individual is guaranteed with a respectable and friendly standard of living. Islam recognizes private property rights, but the private property rights must be properly distributed. The personal property is used for self and family livelihood, for investment of the working capital, so that it can provide job opportunities for others, for help of the others through zakat, infaq, and shodaqoh. In this way, the wealth not only rotates on the rich, bringing on gap in social life.The problem of wealth distribution is closely related to the welfare of society. Therefore, the state has a duty to regulate the distribution of income in order that the distribution can be fair and reaches appropriate target. The state could at least attempt it by optimizing the role of BAZ (Badan Amil Zakat) and LAZ (Lembaga Amil Zakat) which has all this time been slack. If BAZ and LAZ can be optimized, author believes that inequality and poverty over time will vanish. This is because the majority of Indonesia's population is Muslim.Â Keywords: distribution of income, Stateâ€™ role, Islamic economics
Perusahaan Modal Ventura Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Kumalasari Dewi
Published: October 2020

In Indonesia, so many financial institutions that provide financing, either in the form of equity or in the form of loan. Financial institutions that provide financing in the form of loan, such as financial institutions of Islamic banks, require borrower to provide collateral and require financing prospective customer to attach financial statement of the business operated. The problem arises when the company that is going to start a business wants to apply for a loan to the Islamic bank, which new company has no the financial statements at all, even has no collateral required by the Islamic bank. Financing is one of the important things for companies that are just about to start a business, but it is difficult to obtain. Are there financial institutions, particularly the Islamic financial institutions that provide loan without requiring collateral or attach the financial statements of the business? A new company which is just opening a business, and have difficulties in getting funding, but still want to obey sharia principles, the right solution is a Sharia venture capital. On the one hand, the presence of sharia venture capital not only merely accommodates the interest of Muslims, but also emphasises on factors of advantage and benefit by providing financing help for economic activities, both small, medium, and large enterprises with the principles of sharia compliance. Venture capital is a form of the provision of capital to a company in the form of capital which, in this case, the company does not require collateral, like in Islamic banking. The company that wants to borrow from financial institutions, but do not want to earn or pay interest, as in conventional bank, the sharia venture capital sharia is the solution. Furthermore, to introduce and expand the knowledge of venture capital, especially sharia venture capital, this paper will discuss in one paper entitled sharia venture capital perspective on sharia economics.Â Keywords: Sharia economics, venture capital
Vakum kurutucu ve Akışkan Yatak Kurutucu Kullanılarak Kurutulmuş Avokadoların Kalite Karakteristiklerinin Kıyaslanması
Authors: BÖLEK Sibel
Published: October 2020

Kurutma meyvelerdeki mikrobiyolojik ve kimyasal aktiviteyi sınırlandırmasının yanında, atıştırmalıklarla beslenme kültürünün giderek yaygınlaştığı günümüzde sağlıklı atıştırmalıkların elde edilmesine olanak sağlayan pratik bir yöntemdir. Kurutma işleminde gıdaların hem besleyici değerini hem de fiziksel ve duyusal özelliklerini iyi bir biçimde koruyan yöntemin seçilmesi son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada vakum kurutucu ve akışkan yatak kurutucu kullanılarak kurutulmuş avokadoların kalite karakteristiklerinin karşılaştırılması incelenmiştir. Başlangıç nem içeriği %72.04±0.9 olan avokadolar nem içerikleri %13.02±1’e ulaşana kadar kurutulmuştur. Akışkan yatak kurutucuda kurutma işlemi 50 °C, 60 °C ve 70°C sıcaklıkta 1.5 m/s hızla sırasıyla 8 saat, 7 saat ve 6 saatte, vakumla kurutma işlemi ise 10 Kpa basınçta 50 °C, 60 °C ve 70 °C sıcaklıklarında sırasıyla 10 saat, 9 saat ve 8 saatte tamamlanmıştır. Kurutulmuş avokadoların fiziksel, kimyasal ve duyusal özelliklerini kıyaslamak amacıyla renk, su aktivitesi, rehidrasyon kapasitesi, büzülme oranı, pH, antioksidan aktivite toplam fenolik madde ölçümleri ve duyusal analiz testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda vakumla kurutma işleminin avokadoların fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerinin yanı sıra duyusal özelliklerini daha iyi koruyan bir yöntem olduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
Keban Baraj Gölü Çemişgezek Bölgesinde (4.Bölge) Avcılığı Yapılan Balıklarda Endohelmintlerin Araştırılması
Authors: AKTÜRK Burcu , ŞEKER Engin , PALA Ayşegül
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışma, Temmuz 2016 ve Aralık 2016 tarihleri arasında Keban Baraj Gölü Çemişgezek Bölgesi (4. Bölge)’nden avlanan, 52 adet Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758), 49 adet Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843), 53 adet Lucio barbus mystaceus (Pallas, 1814) ve 56 adet Lucio barbus esocinus (Heckel, 1843) olmak üzere toplam 210 balık üzerinde yürütüldü. İncelenen balıkların 173’ ünde parazit bulunup, üç parazit türü tespit edildi. Yapılan otopside Cyprinus carpio’ nun göz sıvısında Diplostomum sp., bağırsağında Khawia sinensis olmak üzere 2 adet parazit türü teşhis edildi. Capoeta trutta’ nın göz sıvısında Diplostomum sp., bağırsağında Neoechinorhynchus rutili olmak üzere 2 adet parazit türü teşhis edildi. Lucio barbus esocinus’ un göz sıvısında Diplostomum sp., bağırsağında Neoechinorhynchus rutili olmak üzere 2 parazit türü tespiti yapıldı. Lucio barbus mystaceus’un göz sıvısında Diplostomum sp., bağırsağında Neoechinorhynchus rutili türü teşhis edildi.
Farklı Tuz Uygulamalarının Makarnalık (Triticum duum L.) Buğdayda Kadmiyum ve Çinko Alımı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: ÖZKUTLU Faruk
Published: October 2020

Cadmium (Cd), an important environmental polluter reaching into soils from different sources, is not an essential element in animal and human nutrition. Cadmium, when present in high concentrations, is an element with toxic effect to humans, animals and plants. One of the important factors affecting Cd accumulation in plants is salinity status of the soils. In this study, it was determined how different salts effected Cd accumulation in plants.

When increasing rates of NaCl, Na2SO4 and CaCl2 applied into the soil, it was determined that Cd accumulation capacity of the plants increased only with the forms of Cl-1 salts, particularly with NaCl. It was found that, among different salts applied with increasing ratios (NaCl, Na2SO4 ve CaCl2), NaCl salt remarkably increased green part Cd concentration. With comparing the effects of different salts on Cd uptake, green part Cd concentration in the Cl-1 salt applied condition was higher than those of the plants treated with SO4-2 salt. The Cd concentration of the plants was affected differently when the salt was applied as NaCl and CaCl2 forms. The increasing effect of chlorine on Cd concentration mostly occurred when it was applied as Na form. With the present of calcium, the increasing effect of Cl on Cd uptake was less comparing to Na ion. In conclusion, the application of Cd and different salts with increasing rates decreased dry matter yield of green part but increased Cd accumulation by plant.
Nevşehir İlinde Patates (Solanum tuberasum L.) Yetiştiriciliğinin Ekolojik ve Sosyo-Ekonomik Bakımdan Araştırılması
Authors: YÜCEL Dilek , OĞUZ Halil İbrahim
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışma, Nevşehir ilinde patates (Solanum tuberasum L.) yetiştiriciliği yapan işletmelerin Sosyo-ekonomik analizinin yapılması, patates yetiştiriciliğinde topraktan hasata, depodan pazarlamaya kadar olan süreçte görülen sorunların saptanması ve çözüm önerilerinin geliştirilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın ana materyalini Nevşehir il ve ilçelerinde patates üretimi yapan 156 tarım işletmelerinden bire bir oransal örnekleme yöntemi ile 62 sorudan oluşan anket yapılarak toplanmış verilerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre eğitim durumları ile tarım kredi kooperatifine üyelik, gübreleme ve bitki besleme, patateste hasat zamanı karşılaştırıldığında aralarında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Eğitim durumları ile patateste tohum tercihi, devletin patates üretiminde devlet desteği, çiftçilerin yaş durumları, iyi tarım, organik tarım uygulamaları karşılaştırıldığında ise aralarında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. İncelenen işletmelerde çiftçilerin %64.7’si 30-50 yaş aralığındadır. İşletmelerde çiftçilerin eğitim durumu incelendiğinde; %48.7 ‘si ilkokul olup, çiftçilerin cinsiyet durumu ise toplam işletme nüfusunun %97.4’ü erkek, %1.9’u kadından oluşmaktadır. İşletme sahibi çiftçilerin tarımsal gelirleri değerlendirildiğinde, %38.5’i 3-5 bin TL olduklarını belirtmişlerdir. İşletmelerde çiftçilerin %46.8’i 11-20 dekar arazide patates üretimi yaptıklarını belirtmişlerdir. İşletmelerde çiftçilerin %65.4’ü ithal tohum kullandıkları saptanmıştır. Ayrıca çiftçilerin %76.3’ü patates üretiminde devlet desteği almadıklarını ve %64.7’si devletin patates üreticilerine verdiği teşviklerin yeterli olmadığını belirtmişlerdir.
Pompajla Su Temin Eden Bazı Sulama Birliklerinin Sulama Sistem Performansının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: TEKİNER Murat
Published: October 2020

Üç farklı havzadaki pompajlı üç sulama birliğinin, 2009-2017 yılları arasındaki 9 yıllık ortalama verileri kullanılarak tarımsal ve ekonomik etkinlik gösterge setinden oluşan 12 gösterge ile sulama sistem performansları karşılaştırılmıştır. Dört tarımsal etkinlik göstergesinden ikisinde (SO:%71.8 ve ÇSO:%0.0) diğerlerine göre daha iyi durumda olan Büyük Menderes Havzasındaki Gümüşsu Pompaj Sulama Birliğinde çiftçi sulaması, II. ürün sulaması ve şebeke dışı sulaması hiç yapılmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sulu tarım bakımından (FSAO:%88.1) en etkin birlik Susurluk Havzasındaki Karacabey Ova Köyleri Sulama Birliği iken şebekesi ile oransal olarak en fazla alan sulayan (ŞSO:%95.2) birlik Doğu Akdeniz Havzasındaki Mersin Sulama Birliği olmuş ve bunu en fazla şebeke dışı sulama yapan birlik olarak elde ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Ekonomik etkinlik göstergelerinden 4 tanesinde (SÜTP:%87.9, TSÜTP:%103.1, MKO:%83.8, BMGO:%36.3) Gümüşsu Pompaj Sulama Birliği diğer 4 tanesinde (BSSEM:0.0078 TL m-3, BSAEM:56 TL ha-1, TİBYM:353 TL ha-1, MYO:1.02) ise Karacabey Ova Köyleri Sulama Birliği’nin daha iyi durumda olduğu saptanmıştır. Ekonomik etkinlik göstergelerin 7’sinde Gümüşsu ve Karacabey’e göre daha geride olan Mersin Sulama Birliği’nde ortalama su ücreti (113.16 TL da-1) diğerlerine göre oldukça yüksek olduğu ve SÜTP’ün %33.5 ile oldukça düşük gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir. Her 1 ha suladığı alan için ortalama 1 242 TL masraf yapan Mersin, bu masrafın neredeyse yarısını sulama suyu temini için harcadığı belirlenmiştir. Karacabey, BMGO değerinden de (%96.3) anlaşılacağı gibi düzenli ve yeterli bakım yapmadığı bu nedenle de her yıl büyük onarımlar yapmak durumunda kaldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Sulama sezonu içerisinde olan bu onarımlardan dolayı da çiftçilerin şebekeye güvenmeyerek sulanan alan içerisindeki %19.3 gibi büyük bir oranı kendi imkanları ile suladığı belirlenmiştir.
Determination of Lithium Ion Battery Characteristics for Hybrid Vehicle Models
Authors: SOLMAZ Hamit , KOCAKULAK Tolga
Published: October 2020

In this study, the characteristic properties of a lithium ion battery cell which is in the dimension standard of “18650’’, creates the battery pack of a hybrid vehicle are determined. The test setup that is able to measure instantaneous current, open circuit voltage and circuit voltage of the bat-tery cell during charging and discharging is prepared. The battery cell is periodically subjected to charge and discharge processes on the test set-up and current, battery voltage and open circuit voltage values are ob-tained. Based on the results of the test, internal resistance and efficiency values are calculated depending on status of the battery charge ratio by using ‘‘Equivalent circuit’’ and ‘‘Rint method’’. With the test results ob-tained, efficiency values were calculated depending on the battery charge rate during the charge and discharge process of the battery. Internal re-sistance and efficiency graphs of the battery cell are created based on the status of the battery charge ratio after the result of the process performed during the charging and discharging. It is determined that if the battery cell charge level is between 15% to %95, the average internal resistance value is 51,452 mOhm during discharhing and 57,48 mOhm during charg-ing. It is also determined that if the battery cell charge level is between 15% to %95, the average efficiency is 98,58 % during discharhing (1A) and 98,496 % during charging (1A).
SUGRA: TOKOH PERINTIS DAN DINAMIKA TARLING INDRAMAYU (1930-1997)
Authors: Lasmiyati Lasmiyati
Published: October 2020

Penelitian tentang Sugra dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengenang tokoh perintis tarling di Indramayu yang selama ini kurang dikenal di kalangan luas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan pendekatan sejarah biografi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, studi lapangan, dan studi pustaka. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  tokoh tarling di Indramayu  dibedakan menjadi dua: tokoh perintis dan tokoh pengembang. Tokoh perintis adalah Sugra. Ia hanya menekuni kesenian tarling di wilayah Indramayu, walaupun  pernah bermain tarling di Cirebon. Tokoh pengembang adalah  mereka yang mampu mengembangkan kesenian tarling ke Cirebon, walaupun mereka berasal dari Indramayu. Walaupun Sugra hanya bermain tarling di Indramayu, masyarakat Indramayu tetap menganggap Sugra sebagai perintis tarling. Sugra juga mampu mengajak pemuda Kepandean untuk bermain tarling, walaupun peralatannya masih sederhana. Tugu tarling didirikan di tempat Sugra merintis kesenian tarling. Nama Sugra pun diabadikan menjadi nama gedung kesenian Mama Soegra dan rumah seni  Griya Sugra.The study on Sugra was carried out with the aim of perpetuating the existence of the Indramayu tarling music pioneer for the reason of his less well-known. It used the historical methods with a biographical historical approach. The data was collected by means of interviews, field studies, and literature studies. Studies have shown that the leading figures of tarling music in Indramayu involved the pioneer and the settlers. The pioneer was Sugra. He devoted himself to his work as a tarling musician in Indramayu. Furthermore, he also promoted tarling music in Cirebon. Moreover, settlers were generally those originating from Indramayu and were considered as the key musicians in the development of tarling music in Cirebon. Despite Sugra’s stage was limited in Indramayu, the locals still consider him as the pioneer of tarling.  With his simple musical instruments, he visited a group of youths in Kepandean sub-district, playing music, and conducting sing-alongs. A monument forming tarling musical performance was erected in Indramayu to his memory. His name was even continued in that of two art galleries Mama Soegra and Griya Sugra.
PEMASARAN PRODUK HASIL PERTANIAN DESA PASURUHAN KECAMATAN MERTOYUDAN MELALUI MEDIA SOSIAL: STRATEGI PENDAMPINGAN TERSTRUKTUR
Authors: Trymastuty Besty , Alfannisa Hernanda Rizqi , Dianastiti Firstya Evi
Published: October 2020

Produktivitas pertanian yang tinggi dan teknologi yang semakin maju merupakan hal penting dalam membantu ketahanan pangan. Munculnya berbagai macam teknik penjualan juga menjadi cara untuk mempercepat pemasaran hasil pertanian. Salah satu teknik pemasaran yang saat ini sedang tren adalah pemasaran melalui online. Adanya teknologi yang berkembang pesat menumbuhkan laju pertumbuhan ekonomi, sayangnya masih banyak yang belum memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi ini terutama untuk pemasaran hasil tanam. Penelitian ini akan mensosialisaikan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi (internet) dalam meningkatkan pemasaran hasil pertanian. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Pasuruhan Kecamatan Mertoyudan Kabupaten Magelang, yang merupakan salah satu penghasil beras dan palawija. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan diskusi serta tanya jawab melalui sosialisasi. Masih banyak petani di Desa Pasuruhan yang kurang menguasai teknologi berbasis internet. Sarana dan prasarana yang masih kurang dan buruk dapat menghambat proses terdistribusinya hasil/produk pertanian sehingga peningkatan perekonomian petani tetap rendah, serta pencanangan swasembada pangan dalam menyongsong ketahanan pangan negara tidak mengalami peningkatan.
PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT DAN ANAK - ANAK MELALUI KKN-T MENGENAI EDUKASI PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI DESA DUKUH CIKUPA
Authors: Firdausi Umni , Candra Listania Felia Kartika , Ferri Karma Carolus Prima
Published: October 2020

Tema Kuliah Kerja Nyata Tematik (KKN-T) yang penulis gunakan adalah penanggulangan dan edukasi pencegahan Covid-19 dengan sasaran program siswa PAUD, TK, sekolah dasar, sekolah menengah pertama, dan sekolah menengah atas serta masyarakat di lingkungan tempat tinggal mahasiswa. Penulis merancang beberapa program khusus yang berkaitan dengan tema KKN-T, dengan pertimbangan untuk tetap mematuhi protokol kesehatan yang berlaku. Program-program yang telah penulis rancang diharapkan dapat tercapainya tujuan dari tema yang telah di pilih. Tujuan program-program antara lain. 1) mengetahui kesadaran masyarakat dan anak-anak terhadap bahaya Covid-19, 2) meningkatkan literasi membaca melalui poster mengenai penanggulangan dan pencegahan Covid-19, 3) menginformasikan terkait cara pembuatan face shield dan cairan disinfektan kepada masyarakat, 4) menanamkan kebiasaan cuci tangan dengan benar kepada anak-anak. Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan langkah sebagai berikut: identifikasi potensi dan menganalisis permasalahan di dalam masyarakat, perancangan program, penelitian pustaka untuk acuan materi yang digunakan selama pengabdian, metode observasi lapangan dilakukan untuk mengetahui lokasi dan tempat pemasangan poster, dengan mendatangi masyarakat secara langsung sekaligus untuk melaksanakan kegiatan cara pembuatan face shield dan cairan disinfektan serta menanamkan kebiasaan cuci tangan dengan benar. Berdasarkan observasi lapangan terdapat perbedaan yang mengarah pada hal yang lebih baik mengenai kesadaran masyarakat terhadap bahaya Covid-19, ketika sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan program.
The Trial of Jan Hus in the memories of Catholics and Hussites: Dietrich Vrie, Eberhard Windecke and Vavřinec z Březové (1415–1440)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: October 2020

The paper deals with the Hussite and the Catholic memories concerning the judgment against Jan Hus drawn up by the Council of Constance. The Catholics Dietrich (Theodericus) Vrie and Eberhard Windecke while composing their writings in the 1420s and 1430s misrepresented the proceeding of the year 1415, which they had probably witnessed. They considered Hus to be condemned for heresy because of his misinterpretation of Holy Communion. However, the documents deriving from the time of the Council do not prove this opinion, which could possibly emerged because of the theological and societal clashes between the Catholics and the Utraquists during the Hussite wars. The second chapter discovers two manners the Utraquists memorized Jan Hus: 1) they described the death of Hus similarly to the death of Christ as Vavřinec z Březové did; 2) the Bohemian estates summoned on the Diet in Časlav in the year 1421 (the Utraquists as well as the Catholics) considered the Hus’ death to be an instrument of political pressure against King Sigismund. However, the judgment of 1415 had not instantly created a Hussite identity for those who defended the Utraquism in the 1420s, because the term “Hussite” had been being used by the Catholics as swearword from the very beginning. Finally, there is a conclusion drawn that memory of Jan Hus as well as the term “Hussite” have been an impediment to the societal integration of Bohemian kingdom while emphasizing its confessional division contrary to the attempts of the Utraquists to unite the country in the face of King Sigismund.
On the Russian financial assistance to Montenegro: From the origins of Russian-Montenegrin relations to the beginning of the 20th century
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Strunina-Borodina Nataliia G.
Published: October 2020

In 1711, official relations were established between Russia and Montenegro. Since 1715, Russia began to pay a constant financial subsidy to Montenegro. Over the years, its amount was growing, more and more new items of expenditure were added to the main subsidy. Based on documents, we note a special increase in these payments at the period of the Great Eastern Crisis of 1875-1878, during the Montenegrin-Turkish War of 1876-1877 and the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878. Because of the latter, the Berlin Treaty was signed, officially securing the independence of Montenegro and its territorial expansion. In the post-war decade, Russia repeatedly provided loans to Montenegro for various needs, including military ones, and helped, almost annually, by sending foodstuffs. In 1889, two dynastic marriages were contracted between the Russian Empire and the Montenegrin principality. Before this, Petersburg had covered all the external debts of the Principality. Since 1895, Russia took upon itself the financing of one battalion of the Montenegrin army, and since 1902 of two battalions with a total cost of 331 thousand rubles. In our opinion, financial “injections” were an important measure of Russian-Montenegrin relations, which can be used to judge the interest of the Russian Empire in Montenegro, as well as the significance of this small Balkan country for the Russian Foreign Ministry’s policy plans.
The Russian Red Cross Society and staff replenishment of sisters of mercy on the eve of the First World War (1908–1914)
Authors:   State Historical Museum, Polianskaia Elizaveta E.
Published: October 2020

This article deals with the problem of recruiting sisters of mercy by the Russian Red Cross Society (also RRCS, Red Cross) in 1908-1914s. In case of war, Red Cross had to send sisters of mercy to its own institutions and to medical institutions of the military Department. The war ministry was developing a mobilization plan, which included a plan for the deployment of medical facilities. The ministry sent this plan to the administration of the Red Cross. In accordance with the request of the ministry, the RRCS strengthened its efforts to attract new staff of sisters of mercy. This activity led to certain results. On the eve of the war, there was a number of sisters of mercy that were required to replenish the medical institutions of the Red Cross and the military Department. That means that according to the pre-war plan, in the matter of creating a cadre of sisters of mercy, the RRCS was ready for the war. However, the Great War took on a wide scale, a situation which the army, the industry, and the medical service were not prepared for. The Russian Red Cross Society was forced to quickly open new medical institutions and to urgently train new personnel. Sometimes the duties of nurses were performed by those who did not have the necessary education.
A comparative analysis of the Slovenian particles še and že against the background of the Russian language
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kuleshоva Mariya L.
Published: October 2020

The article compares the Slovenian particles še and že mainly with the Russian particles еще and уже. Unlike the Russian particle уже, the Slovenian particle že cannot be combined with the negative form of the verb: instead of it, the adverb več is used in such contexts. The most subtle differences between the Slovenian and Russian languages are found in the combinations of še and že with temporal modifiers, where the so-called “plot time” is characteristic of the Slovenian language. The event is interpreted as localized on the time axis, not from the perspective of the «speaker’s time», which is manifested in the possibility of using že in such contexts as umrl je že v devetnajstem stoletju (he died in the nineteenth century already). Moreover, že is not able to express the meaning ‘no earlier / no later than’, because the particle šele replaces it in this function. The author comes to the conclusion that Slovenian particles are more widely used as modal than their Russian equivalents. The particle še has numerous intensifying functions, correlating with the functions of Russian particles даже, еще и, и. The particle že can be used in the same way as two Russian words уже and уж. In contrast to уж, že does not always express displeasure and can add the meaning of a concession to the statement.
Ethnocultural bilingualism in Ukraine as a result of a durable contact between the Ukrainian and Russian languages
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kurоkhtina Tatyana N.
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the features of the functioning of the Russian and Ukrainian languages in nowadays Ukrainian society. The present language situation in Ukraine is of a great interest for the linguistics and sociolinguistics. The mass bilingualism in Ukraine is considered to be the most characteristic feature of today’s language situation. Almost all citizens of the country are bilingual, which means that they speak and understand, more or less, the Ukrainian and Russian languages. At the same time they also naturally perceive the sociocultural distinctive character of both the Ukrainian and Russian-speaking world. The communication with friends and relatives and getting access to sources of information and cultural content such as books, newspapers, magazines, radio and television creates necessary conditions for this kind of bilingualism. For a long time Russian was the main language of all types of mass media and book publishing industry in Ukraine. However, the language situation in the country is gradually changing. One of the main directions of modern state policy is to establish the formation of Ukrainian monolingualism. The article presents the facts that demonstrate how the bilingualism of Ukrainian society correlates with the choice of a particular language in such spheres as print media, radio, television, book publishing and the Internet.
The former chief of P. N. Wrangel’ staff P. S. Makhrov on the Red Army campaign to Western Ukraine and Western Belarus in 1939
Authors:   Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ganin Andrey V.
Published: October 2020

The memoirs of general P. S. Makhrov are devoted to the events of 1939 and the campaign of the Red army in Western Ukraine and Western Belarus. Pyotr Semyonovich Makhrov was a General staff officer, participant of the Russian-Japanese war, World War I, and the Russian Civil war. In 1918, Makhrov lived in Ukraine, and in 1919-1920 he took part in the White movement in Southern Russia, after which he emigrated. In exile he lived in France, where he wrote his extensive memoirs. The events of September 1939 could not pass past his attention. At that time, the Red army committed approach in Western Ukraine and Western Belarus. Contrary to the widespread Anti-Sovietism among the white emigrants, Makhrov perceived the incident with enthusiasm as a return of Russia to its ancestral lands occupied by the Poles.
Penyuntingan Tulisan
Authors: Ningrum Ratna
Published: October 2020

Penyuntingan Tulisan
Knowledge Diffusion and Morality: Why do we Freely Share Valuable Information with Strangers?
Authors: Ayoubi Charles , Thurm Boris
Published: October 2020

Technology enables individuals, scientists, and organizations to share valuable data and knowledge in new ways, not possible before. Scholars are divided on how this phenomenon emerges, especially among strangers. The classical homo oeconomicus type of preference does not provide an explanation for this behavior. If individuals were simply self-centered, they would choose to keep for themselves the valuable information they hold, especially in the absence of any contract or guarantee of reciprocity. In this paper, we explain why some individuals are willing to share valuable knowledge at their own cost by crafting a model with heterogeneously-moral individuals involved in a sharing social dilemma. Our model builds on the recent literature showing that moral incentives are favored by evolution theoretically and have a strong explanatory power empirically. Our analysis highlights the limit of financial incentives, and the importance of promoting a sharing culture by enhancing awareness. Shedding light on how people respond not only to financial but also moral incentives, we contribute to the ongoing policy debate on the design of efficient open science policies.
Review Jurnal " Komodifikasi Model Endorse Dalam Industri Budaya Fashion Dan Kosmetika " ( Hipperealitas Fashion Endorse pada Produk Kosmetik dan Busana Remaja di Media Sosial Instagram )
Authors: Aziz Ali Irfani
Published: October 2020

Jurnal tentang Komodifikasi Model Endorse Dalam Industri Budaya Fashion Dan Kosmetika di Era Internet atau di Era Digital 4.0
Generating Seizure-Inducing Sequences with Interactive Visualizations
Authors: South Laura , Borkin Michelle
Published: October 2020

Interactive visualizations are often built to draw the eye towards pertinent information with attention-grabbing pops of color and patterns. These techniques, though helpful in engaging the average user and nudging them towards important information, can be harmful to users with photosensitive epilepsy, who may experience seizures when exposed to content with flashes, transitions to and from saturated red, or repeated patterns. In this paper, we explore three case studies of interactive visualizations created without malicious intent yet capable of producing seizure-inducing sequences through interaction alone. Based on these case studies as well as relevant related literature, we contribute a set of simple recommendations to help visualization designers and developers avoid accidentally creating interactive visualizations with the potential to cause seizures.
TAFSIR AYAT-AYAT AL-QURAN TENTANG KONSEP METODE PEMBELAJARAN (PANDUAN PENGEMBANGAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN)
Authors: Zebua Rony Sandra Yofa , Setiawan Arief
Published: October 2020

Secara eksplisit maupun implisit, dalam al-Quran dan al-Hadits menggariskan bahwa metode pembelajaran setiap manusia tidak sama, terkadang manusia belajar dengan cara meniru, atau dengan cara praktis dan mencoba, atau belajar dengan cara pembiasaan dan pengkondisian, atau belajar dengan cara berpikir. Selain itu, belajar sebaiknya dimulai dari yang paling mudah dipahami. Kegiatan pembelajaran memerlukan metode yang tepat dan beragam, sehingga pembelajaran berlangsung secara lebih efektif dan efisien dan tidak membosankan. Pemilihan metode pembelajaran yang digunakan dilakukan berdasarkan tujuan dan bahan pelajaran, kondisi peserta didik, kemampuan pendidik, ketersediaan media dan sumber belajar, serta kondisi lingkungan. Dengan demikian, seyogyanya seorang pendidik yang baik akan selalu mencari sarana dan metode pendidikan yang dapat membantu peserta didik untuk mencapai potensi maksimalnya.
Tugas MKU Bahasa Indonesia Penyuntingan Kalimat Efektif
Authors: Putri Alicia Hendrayani
Published: October 2020

Penyuntingan Kalimat Efektif Alicia Hendrayani Putri 802020135 MKU Bahasa Indonesia MU 116 K
Laporan Minggu ke 5 keg. 1
Authors: basra anastasya
Published: October 2020

Kuliah kerja lapang plus (kklp) merupakan suatu kegiatan perkuliahan yang bersifat intakurikuler dalam bentuk pengabdian pada masyarakat yg di lakukan oleh mahasiswa dalam jangka waktu tertentu. Oleh karena, sifatnya intrakurikuler sehingga setiap mahasiswa yang akan menyelesaikan studi di perguruan tinggi pada suatu program Strata satu (S1) harus mengikuti Kklp
Prepronociceptin is differentially expressed in epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2020

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer (1). We sought to identify genes associated with epithelial ovarian cancer and the high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) subtype by comparing global gene expression profiles of normal ovary with that of primary tumors from women diagnosed with epithelial cancer and HGSC in specific using published microarray data (2, 3). We identified the gene encoding prepronociceptin, PNOC, as among the genes whose expression was most different in epithelial ovarian cancer and in HGSC ovarian tumors. PNOC expression was significantly higher in high-grade serous ovarian tumors relative to normal ovary. PNOC expression correlated with overall survival in patients with ovarian cancer. These data indicate that expression of PNOC is perturbed in epithelial ovarian cancers broadly and in ovarian cancers of the HGSC subtype. PNOC may be relevant to pathways underlying ovarian cancer progression.
Pembuatan dan pemasangan papan nama dusun dan papan nama imam dusun desa paitana
Authors: irwansyah Abd
Published: October 2020

Dgn membuat papan nama kepala dusun dapat memudahkan masyarakat atau orng lain dalam menekukan rumah dusun atau aparat desa
Review Jurnal ''KOMODIFIKASI MODEL ENDORSE DALAM INDUSTRI BUDAYA FASHION DAN KOSMETIKA'' (Hiperrealitas Fashion Endorse pada Produk Kosmetik dan Busana Remaja di Media Sosial Instagram)
Authors: Fadhilah Nabila Arfani
Published: October 2020

Tugas Review Jurnal Teori Komunikasi KOMODIFIKASI MODEL ENDORSE DALAM INDUSTRI BUDAYA FASHION DAN KOSMETIKA (Hiperrealitas Fashion Endorse pada Produk Kosmetik dan Busana Remaja di Media Sosial Instagram) Nabila Arfani Fadhilah
REVIEW JURNAL KOMODIFIKASI MODEL ENDORSE DALAM INDUSTRI BUDAYA FASHION DAN KOSMETIKA (Hiperrealitas Fashion Endorse pada Produk Kosmetik dan Busana Remaja di Media Sosial Instagram)
Authors: fiqih
Published: October 2020

REVIEW JURNALKOMODIFIKASI MODEL ENDORSE DALAM INDUSTRI BUDAYA FASHION DAN KOSMETIKA(Hiperrealitas Fashion Endorse pada Produk Kosmetik dan Busana Remaja di Media Sosial Instagram)
Automated Extraction and Classification of Slot Machine Requirements from Gaming Regulations
Authors: Prendergast Michael
Published: October 2020

Analyzing stakeholder needs and transforming them into requirements is an important early step in the systems engineering lifecycle [1]. In regulated industries, important technical requirements can be found in state and federal laws and regulations. Casino gaming is one such industry. This paper analyzes South Dakota and Nevada slot machine regulations and applies automated natural language processing to extract and analyze technical requirements derived from them. First, each parts of speech (POS) in the regulations is identified. From this, the important adjective and noun keywords and keyword combinations are extracted using the Rapid Automatic Keyword Extraction (RAKE) algorithm [2]. Next, slot machine requirements are extracted from the gaming laws, many of which lack a “shall” in them. To perform this, a 12-rule pattern matching algorithm that applies phrase substitutions and identifies leader-subordinate paragraph headings is applied to the slot machine gaming rules. This approach successfully extracts nearly all of the slot machine technical and operations requirements, though fails to separate compound requirements accounting for approximately 3% of the total. Then, after stemming and stopping the regulations, a Naïve Bayes model for identifying functional requirements is constructed from the South Dakota regulations and applied to the Nevada regulations. This model is able to predict the Nevada functional product requirements from amongst the full set of extracted requirements with 87.5% accuracy. Finally, using a modified version of the Dice similarity metric where the word counts are weighted by the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-TDF) scores, the South Dakota requirements most similar to each of the Nevada requirements is determined. The paired South Dakota and Nevada requirements are then assessed using systems engineering expertise for equivalency and relatedness. Using the geometric mean of sensitivity and specificity as a scoring metric, the pairing algorithm optimum performance is 96.1% accurate in identifying equivalent requirements between the two sets of regulations, and 82.0% accurate in identifying related requirements.
Spatial and feature-based suppression in working memory
Authors: Matthews Liam , Feldmann-Wüstefeld Tobias
Published: October 2020

Working memory (WM) can guide attention towards items similar to its content, both based on features and locations maintained in WM. So far, however, this has only been demonstrated with memory items that are relevant and thus maintained with a positive weight. The finding that negative attention templates can support the suppression of upcoming distractors raises the question whether items can also be stored with a negative priority in WM. We let participants memorize the exact hue of a memory target that was presented among not-to-be-encoded memory distractors. Before their WM was probed, they performed a visual search task in which they had to find a target among distractors. When the search target was presented in the same color as an item suppressed from WM, response times (RTs) were longer than for a target presented in the same color as the memory target. Similarly, when the search target was presented at the same location as an items suppressed from WM, RTs were longer than for a target presented at the same location as the memory target. Our results suggest that items can be maintained in WM with a negative priority and then support the suppression of subsequent similar stimuli. Such items with negative priority in WM may be what constitutes negative attentional templates.
Statistical vs. Identifiable Victims in Donation Appeals
Authors: Faunalytics
Published: October 2020

Faunalytics’ latest experiment investigated whether messages and donor characteristics can increase donations to farmed and companion animals.
Multidimensionality in Executive Function Profiles in Schizophrenia: A Computational Approach Using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task
Authors: Haywood Darren , Baughman Frank
Published: October 2020

Deficits in executive functions (EF) are frequently implicated in the aetiology of schizophrenia. However, no consensus exists regarding the contribution of EF to the dysfunctions observed in these individuals, with competing accounts arguing a primary role for deficits in inhibition, shifting and updating. We examine an alternative proposal referred to as the multidimensional hypothesis – rather than performance on cognitive tasks being primarily dependent on a single EF, the performance is multiply realised by a range of uneven EF profiles. We describe a computational approach, using the WCST, that allows manipulations to ability levels of processes relating to each EF component to be explicitly assessed. Our central objective is to determine whether models exhibiting unique profiles of EF abilities may simulate the performance of three target groups: individuals with schizophrenia, healthy first–degree relatives, and controls. For each target group, we show that of the performance measures yielded by the WCST, perseverative errors (PE; commonly assumed to rely heavily on EF) are simulated by multiple models. For a range of secondary measures (cards sorted, categories completed and non-perseverative errors; assumed less specific to EF abilities) our manipulations show little resemblance to the target groups. We view these results to support the multidimensional hypothesis, in that (1) no single EF process accounts for the poorer performance of the schizophrenic group, and (2) performance of PE in the target groups is achieved in models of diverse EF profiles. The implications of these findings for the study of EF in neuropsychological disorders are discussed
Pavlovian and Instrumental Conditioning and Their Mutual Influence in Major Depressive Disorder: The Mood and Emotional Learning Dynamics (MELD) Framework
Authors: Terpstra Alex , Todd Rebecca M.
Published: October 2020

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) poses a significant burden for individuals and society. It compromises quality of life, disrupts productivity, and strains social relationships. Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning play an important role in psychopathology, yet the independent and joint contributions of these forms of emotional learning to depressed mood are not well understood. In particular, studies of Pavlovian conditioning and Pavlovian-instrumental transfer (PIT) in MDD are few. Studying PIT in MDD may improve our understanding of how emotional learning influences depressive symptoms that is more reflective of how Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning operate in the real world. In this review, we first provide a narrative summary of past research investigating emotional learning in MDD, including computational modeling approaches. Based on these findings, we then build on an existing theoretical framework characterizing emotional learning and decision making in depression by incorporating the potential influence of Pavlovian conditioned cues on instrumental behaviour in individuals experiencing depressed mood. Specifically, we propose that, in MDD, adaptive instrumental behaviours are interrupted by the exaggerated inhibitory influence of aversive Pavlovian cues and insufficiently invigorated by appetitive Pavlovian cues. We conclude with recommendations for future research investigating emotional learning in MDD.
A heat and moisture-exchanging mask impairs self-paced maximal running performance in a sub-zero environment
Authors: Tutt Alasdair , Persson Hampus , Andersson Erik , Ainegren Mats , Stenfors Nikolai , Hanstock Helen
Published: October 2020

Heat-and-moisture exchanging devices (HME) are commonly used by winter endurance athletes during training in sub-zero environments, but their effect on performance is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an HME on running performance at -15°C in healthy people. Twenty-three healthy adults (15 male, 8 female; age 18-53 y; VO2peak men 56 ± 7, women 50 ± 4 mL·kg-1·min-1) performed two treadmill exercise tests with and without HME in a randomized, crossover design. Participants performed a 30-min submaximal warm-up (SUB), followed by a 4-min maximal, self-paced running time-trial (TT). Heart rate (HR) and respiratory frequency (fR) were monitored using a chest strap; muscle oxygenation (SmO2) and deoxyhemoglobin concentration ([HHb]) were derived from wireless near-infrared-spectroscopy sensors on m. vastus lateralis; blood lactate was measured 2-min before and after the maximal test. HME reduced distance covered in the TT by 1.4% (p = 0.033), despite similar perceived exertion, HR, fR and lactate accumulation. The magnitude of the effect of the HME on performance was associated with body mass (r2 = 0.22, p = 0.027), but not aerobic fitness or maximal ventilation. SmO2 and [HHb] were lower (-3.1%, p < 0.001) and higher (0.35 AU, p < 0.001), respectively, during the TT with HME. HR was 2.7 beats·min-1 higher during SUB with HME (p < 0.001). In the male participants, SmO2 was lower (-3.8%, p < 0.001) and [HHb] higher (0.42 AU, p < 0.001) during SUB with HME. Our findings suggest that HME usage impairs maximal running performance and increases the physiological demands of submaximal exercise.
Newsy naukowe
Authors: Stołpiec Katarzyna
Published: October 2020

Dokładniejsza diagnostyka raka jelita grubegoNowa jakość powłoki implantów dentystycznychNowe warstwy dla elementów wykonanych z aluminium i jego stopówPowstanie Centrum Mikroskopowego Badania Materii SPIN-LabO eksperymencie T2K w "Nature"
Jąkanie jest ok
Authors: Płosa Tomasz , Węsierska Katarzyna
Published: October 2020

Według szacunków Stuttering Foundation na całym świecie jąka się ponad 70 milionów osób (to ok. 1 proc. całej populacji) – w samych Stanach Zjednoczonych mieszka 3 miliony ludzi z tym zaburzeniem płynności mowy. Osobiste doświadczenia życia z jąkaniem były udziałem wielu sławnych postaci funkcjonujących w przestrzeni publicznej. Naukowcy z Uniwersytetu Śląskiego prowadzą pionierskie na gruncie polskiej nauki badania w zakresie balbutologopedii – subdyscyplinie logopedii zajmującej się diagnozą i terapią zaburzeń płynności mowy, w tym m.in. jąkania i giełkotu. Wśród ich zainteresowań badawczych znajduje się także wpływ zaburzeń mowy na jakość opieki logopedycznej, na środowisko osób jąkających się oraz na społeczne postrzeganie jąkania – w tym ostatnim aspekcie bardzo ważna jest również zmiana społecznych postaw wobec tego zjawiska.
Chiny – kolos na terakotowych nogach?
Authors: Okraska Tomasz
Published: October 2020

Chiny to cywilizacja, która po stuleciach świetności (i wiary we własną wielkość) upadła w XIX wieku, by sto lat później, po szaleństwach epoki maoistowskiej, odrodzić się jako światowa potęga. Dzisiaj chińscy przywódcy nie kryją już swoich globalnych aspiracji, napotykają one jednak na ograniczenia powodowane polityką innych mocarstw, ale przede wszystkim licznymi problemami wewnętrznymi, które uwidoczniły się w momencie wybuchu pandemii COVID-19. Sam Xi Jinping, najpotężniejszy przywódca ChRL od czasów Mao, powiedział niegdyś, że supermocarstwem Chiny mogą się stać dopiero w 2049 roku.
Ślady mówią
Authors: Menżyk Alicja
Published: October 2020

Pytania o czas powstania śladów krwawych, umożliwiające odtworzenie obrazu minionych zdarzeń, zajmują szczególne miejsce w obszarze nauk sądowych. Paradoksalnie, coraz większa wiedza na temat procesów starzeniowych krwi – a więc i rosnąca świadomość na temat czynników, które mogą ingerować w owe przemiany – wcale nie przybliża nas do antidotum na problem datowania śladów kryminalistycznych. Szkopuł zdaje się tkwić nie tyle w braku narzędzi analitycznych umożliwiających śledzenie czasowo-zależnych właściwości materiału, co w nieumiejętności wdrożenia zaproponowanych metod do rutynowych analiz, gdzie – poza upływającym czasem – na stan materiału dowodowego wpływa szereg uwarunkowań zewnętrznych. Rozwiązanie stanowić może strategia szyta każdorazowo na miarę śladów zabezpieczonych na miejscu zdarzenia, nad którą pracują badacze Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach we współpracy z włoskimi naukowcami.