Morphological characteristics of the influence in women of the high­risk group for the development of major obstetrical syndromes after pregraduate preparation
Authors: Lemish Nataliya 
Published: January 2025

The objective: to determine the morphological and histological features of litters in women from the high-risk group for the development of major obstetric syndromes (MОS), who received a developed set of preventive measures. Materials and methods. A prospective statistical analysis of the morpho-histometric features of the litter was conducted. The main group (MG) of the study – 30 litters from women from the high-risk group for the development of MОS, who received prevention and a complex of medical and social measures at all stages of observation according to the algorithm developed by us, the comparison group (CG) – 20 litters from women at high risk for development of MОS, in which management tactics before and during pregnancy were carried out according to generally accepted methods. Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the droppings was carried out in accordance with the standard description protocol and modern research requirements (order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine «On the improvement of the children’s patho-anatomical service» dated August 19, 2004, No. 417). Statistical processing of research results was carried out using standard Microsoft Excel 5.0 and Statistica 6.0 programs.Results.During the histological examination of placentas from OG women, a certain spectrum of pathomorphological changes was revealed: manifestations of compensatory processes prevailed and a significantly lower severity of pathological changes was noted. Pathological changes were expressed in the thickening and defibrillation of the basal membranes with the deposition of amorphous and fibrinoid substance between them, in some medium-sized vessels thrombi were detected with the subsequent deposition of calcium and compaction of the surrounding placental tissue. Focal relative immaturity of the placenta was noted, which was characterized by uneven maturation of cotyledons in the form of variants of hypovascularized villi and delayed structural and functional specialization of the syncytiotrophoblast. there was mainly a morphological picture characteristic of the initial form of chronic placental insufficiency. Placental-fetal coefficient (PPC) in OG women was probably higher than in GP women and was 0.17, against 0.15.The research was conducted according to principles of Declaration of Helsinki Protocol of research was proved by local ethical committee, mentioned in institution’s work. A informed sonsennt was collected in order to carry out the research. The author is stating no conflict of interests is declared. Conclusions. Morphological and histological studies of the litters of women from the high-risk group for the development of MОS, who received complex correction of maladaptive disorders in the fetoplacental complex, at all stages of observation, demonstrated that they include all the structural mechanisms of placenta adaptation, which allow preserving the morphometric and diffusion indicators of the villous trees at the level of sustainable compensation, which is the most important adaptive means that allows maintaining the viability of the fetus.Keywords: pregnancy, women, major obstetric syndromes, fetoplacental complex, placental insufficiency, litter pathomorphology.