bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dispersal and individual variability: laboratory experiments with the woodlouse Porcellio scaber
Authors: Uchmański Janusz , Kopaliński Krzysztof W. , Rau Karolina , Uvarov Alexei V.
Published: April 2020

Laboratory experiments on the dispersal of woodlouse Porcellio scaber showed that the possibility to disperse diminished the intensity of intraspecific competition. The decision to disperse from local habitat to another one didn’t depend on the weight of individual. The only category of individuals that tried to avoid dispersal were females carrying eggs. This can be connected with the Brownian way of movement of woodlouse during penetration of surrounding environment or with the arrangement of the experiment in which the costs of dispersal were low.
Eating Disorders on College Campuses in the United States: Current Insight on Screening, Prevention, and Treatment
Authors: Grammer Anne C. , Fitzsimmons-Craft Ellen E. , Laing Olivia , De Pietro Bianca , Wilfley Denise E.
Published: April 2020

Background:

Eating disorders are prevalent on college campuses and pose significant risks to student health, well-being, and academic performance. However, few students receive access to evidence-based prevention and treatment.

Objective:

The present review synthesizes the recent literature on ED screening, prevention, and treatment approaches on college campuses in the United States. We provide an overview of ED screening efforts on college campuses, including relevant screening tools, summarize the extant literature on prevention programming, as well psychological and pharmacological treatment approaches, and outline limitations of current programming and provide future directions for research.

Conclusion:

Recent advances in ED screening, prevention, and treatment efforts highlight the importance of early detection and intervention. Innovative approaches to screening and dissemination of evidence-based prevention and treatment programs on college campuses are warranted. Implications for future research are discussed.
Optimasi perencanaan produksi bahan bakar minyak dengan fungsi kendala fuzzy menggunakan metode goal programming
Authors: Widyaningsih Wiwiet , Andayani Sri
Published: April 2020

Dalam perencanaan produksi PT. Pertamina (Persero) TBBM Boyolali, perusahaan tersebut hanya mendistribusikan BBM sesuai dengan permintaan SPBU tanpa melakukan perhitungan matematis apakah pendapatan yang diperoleh sudah optimal dengan semua faktor dan kendala yang ada, seperti harga setiap jenis BBM, jam kerja mesin pengisian BBM di New Gantry System (NGS), moda transport mobil tangki, dan tingkat keselamatan mobil tangki. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan optimasi perencanaan produksi BBM menggunakan metode goal programming agar perusahaan dapat memperoleh pendapatan yang maksimal dengan memperhatikan faktor-faktor dan kendala yang ada. Metode goal programming merupakan perluasan dari linear programming yang dapat menyelesaikan optimasi dengan banyak tujuan. Pada penelitian ini, selain dengan fungsi kendala biasa, metode goal programming juga digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang sama ditambah dengan satu fungsi kendala fuzzy, yaitu tingkat keselamatan mobil tangki, yang proses defuzzifikasinya meng­gunakan metode mamdani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, kedua penyelesaian metode goal pro­gramming baik dengan kendala biasa maupun dengan kendala fuzzy memberikan keluaran jumlah BBM dan jumlah pendapatan yang sama, yaitu produk premium () sebanyak 1016 kl, bio solar () seba­nyak 1200 kl, pertamax () sebanyak 596 kl, dan pertalite () sebanyak 1632 kl dengan pendapatan sebesar Rp33.022.000.000,00. Optimization planning of fuel oil production with fuzzy constraint using goal programming method AbstractIn the production planning of PT. Pertamina (Persero) TBBM Boyolali, it only distributes fuel in accordance with the demand for gas stations without performing mathematical calculations whether the revenue obtained was optimal with all the factors and obstacles that exist, such as the price of each type of fuel, working hours of filling machine fuel in New Gantry System (NGS), transport modes of the tank car, and the tank car’s safety level. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the production planning using goal programming method so that the company can obtain maximum income by considering the factors and constraints. The goal programming method was an extension of linear programming that can accomplish optimization with many goals. In this study, in addition to the ordinary constraint function, goal programming method was also used to solve the same problem which includes one fuzzy constraint, namely the level of tank car safety, which the defuzzification process using Mamdani method. The result of the study shows that solution of goal programming method both with ordinary and fuzzy constraint give the same amount of fuel output and the same amount of revenue, that is premium () as much 1016 kl, bio diesel () as much 1200 kl, pertamax () as much 596 kl and pertalite () as much 1632 kl with the revenue is Rp33.022.000.000,00.
Pengaruh reciprocal teaching terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis ditinjau dari self-efficacy siswa
Authors: Chotima Melinda Chusnul , Hartono Yusuf , Kesumawati Nila
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh model Reciprocal Teaching terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis yang ditinjau dari self-efficacy siswa kelas VIII di SMP PGRI 11 Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan populasi siswa kelas VII. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang dilakukan adalah simple random sampling. Sampel penelitian adalah kelas VII.1 yang diberi perlakuan berupa pembelajaran menggunakan model Reciprocal Teaching dan kelas VII.2 yang diberi perlakuan berupa pembelajaran konvensional. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan posttest untuk mengukur kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dan angket untuk mengukur self-efficacy siswa. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah ANOVA dua jalur pada taraf signifikansi 5% (α = 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa antara kelas yang mendapat perlakuan berupa model Reciprocal Teaching dan kelas dengan pembelajaran konvensional. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa ditinjau dari self-efficacy siswa, namun tidak terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara pembelajaran dan self-efficacy terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VII di SMP PGRI 11 Palembang. The effect of reciprocal teaching on mathematical problem-solving abilities in terms of students' self-efficacyAbstractThis research aimed to describe the effect of the Reciprocal Teaching model on mathematical problem-solving abilities in terms of the self-efficacy of seventh-grade students at SMP PGRI 11 Palembang, Indonesia. This research used an experimental method with a population was all seventh-grade students. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The research sample was class VII.1 which was treated in the form of learning using the Reciprocal Teaching model and class VII.2 which was treated in the form of expository learning. The data collection techniques used were a posttest to measure students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities and questionnaires to measure students’ self-efficacy. The data analysis technique used was two-way ANOVA at a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05). The results showed that there was a significant difference in students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities between the class that was treated in the form of Reciprocal Teaching models and class with conventional learning. There was a significant difference in students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities in terms of students’ self-efficacy, but there was no effect of interaction between learning and self-efficacy on the mathematical problem-solving abilities of seventh-grade students at SMP PGRI 11 Palembang.
Kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal tertutup dan terbuka pada pokok bahasan lingkaran
Authors: Aziza Mela
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas XI SMA dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal pemecahan masalah matematika pada pokok bahasan lingkaran. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 siswa di salah satu kelas XI IPA di SMA Negeri 5 Kota Bengkulu yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Setelah siswa mengerjakan 5 soal pemecahan masalah tentang lingkaran selama 60 menit secara tertulis, jawaban siswa kemudian dianalisis dan diidentifikasi untuk menemukan bagaimana siswa menyelesaikan soal, banyak strategi pemecahan masalah yang digunakan siswa, serta banyak solusi atau jawaban yang didapat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa siswa belum mampu menyelesaikan masalah dengan tepat disebabkan kesalahan dalam langkah mensintesis dan menganalisis soal. Strategi yang mayoritas digunakan oleh para siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah adalah drawing a picture (menggambar). Siswa juga menggunakan strategi guessing and checking (menebak dan menguji). Berkaitan dengan banyaknya jawaban siswa, siswa menjawab soal tertutup dengan jawaban yang sama, sedangkan untuk soal terbuka ditemukan tiga jawaban berbeda.Students’ problem-solving ability in solving closed and open-ended problems on the subject of the circleAbstractThis research was descriptive qualitative research that aimed to describe the problem-solving abilities of eleventh-grade students in solving mathematical problems on the subject of the circle. The subjects in this study were 30 students in one of the XI Science classes in SMA Negeri 5 Bengkulu City, Indonesia selected by purposive sampling. After students worked on five problem-solving questions about the circle for 60 minutes in writing-form, the students’ answers were then analyzed and identified to find how students solve the problems, how many problem-solving strategies used by students as well as many solutions or answers obtained. The research finding showed that some students have been not able to solve the problems correctly due to their misconceptions when doing the steps of synthesizing and analyzing. The majority of the strategies used by students in solving problems were drawing a picture. Students also used the guessing and checking strategy. Regarding the number of students' answers found, students answered closed questions with the same answers while for open-ended questions, it was found that students were able to find three different answers.
Asentamientos informales y hábitat: un análisis de casos en la ciudad de Posadas, Argentina
Authors: Brites Walter F. , Avalos Miguel A.
Published: April 2020

Este artículo desarrolla un abordaje exploratorio, con análisis descriptivo, sobre distintos casos de asentamientos informales de la ciudad de Posadas, Argentina. Una ciudad en donde la emergencia de nuevos asentamientos y la cantidad de población que residen en ellos la convierte en un caso empírico, crucial para estos estudios. Se evidencian las vinculaciones entre hábitat, salud y pobreza, en el marco de los condicionantes socio-urbanos. Más allá de la vulnerabilidad en el acceso al suelo y al déficit de vivienda, los residentes de asentamientos atraviesan por problemas diversos en términos de empleo, alimentación, salud, educación, saneamiento ambiental, etc. Por otro lado, al margen de los constreñimientos estructurales, interesa conocer cómo experimentan las adversidades inherentes al entorno y cuáles son las prácticas individuales o colectivas que desarrollan para sortear las dificultades cotidianas.
Open and laparoscopic surgeries are associated with comparable 90 day morbidities and mortalities following ERAS protocols- A retrospective Study. (Preprint)
Authors: VASAVADA BHAVIN , Patel Hardik
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

All the gastrointestinal surgeries performed between April 2016 to march 2019 in our institution have been analysed for morbidity and mortality after ERAS protocols and data was collected prospectively. We performed 245 gastrointestinal and hepato-biliary surgeries between April 2016 to march 2019. Mean age of patients was 50.96 years. 135 were open surgeries and 110 were laparoscopic surgeries. Mean ASA score was 2.40, mean operative time was 111 minutes, mean CDC grade of surgery was 2.56. 40 were emergency surgeries and 205 were elective surgeries. Overall 90 days mortality rate was 8.5% and over all morbidity rate was around 9.79% . On univariate analysis morbidity was associated significantly with higher CDC grade of surgeries, higher ASA grade, more operative time, more blood products use, more hospitalstay, open surgeries,HPB surgeries and luminal surgeries(non hpb gastrointestinal surgeries) were associated with higher 90 days morbidity. On multivariate analysis no factors independently predicted morbidity. On univariate analysis 90 days mortality was predicted by grade of surgeries, higher ASA grade, more operative time, more blood products use, open surgeries and emergency surgeries. However on multivariate analysis only more blood products used was independently associated with mortality There is no difference between 90 day mortality and moribidity rates between open and laparoscopic surgeries.
The Effectiveness of Using a Deductive-Cum-Process Writing Process Approach to Teach Tone Formality
Authors: SIU Fiona Kwai-peng
Published: April 2020

This study aims to investigate the usefulness of a deductive-cum-process writing approach to raise native Cantonese-speaking ESL students’ awareness of the inappropriate use of informal language in academic writing. Achieving tone formality by incorporating appropriate syntactic and semantic elements poses great difficulties to freshmen at the City University of Hong Kong. Furthermore, the effectiveness of using a deductive approach to teach word usage has been inconclusive despite numerous studies on this issue (e.g., Alzubi, 2015; Tammenga-Helmantel, 2014; Vogel et al., 2011). In the current study, seven types of informal language expressions and corresponding formal alternatives were first taught, followed by peer review and individual teacher-student consultations to reinforce the teaching.The experimental group consisted of 19 students taking an academic writing course in the summer semester 2017-2018. The end-of-course writing examination showed that the experimental group used significantly fewer informal expressions than did the control group in three measures—the total number of informal expressions and two component measures (p?0.05). Questionnaire findings confirmed the usefulness of the current teaching approach, as perceived by the majority of the participants. Qualitative analysis revealed several types of informal expressions that were most difficult for the participants to identify and to make correction.
Improving Instructional Pedagogy: What are the Issues?
Authors: Shaughnessy Michael F.
Published: April 2020

This brief review paper examines some of the issues and concerns relative to the improvement of teacher instruction and discusses some of the inter-personal as well as the intrapersonal concerns and reviews some of the most salient constructs.
АСОЦИЈАТИВНИ ПРИСТУП ЛЕКСИКАЛИЗОВАНИМ ИМЕНИЧКИМ ДЕМИНУТИВИМА СА СУФИКСОМ -ИЦА КОД СТУДЕНАТА СРБИСТИКЕ
Authors: Јанић Александра
Published: April 2020

The subject of this paper are the lexicalized noun diminutives with the Serbian derivational suffix -ica from the perspective of cognitive linguistics, regarding associations Serbian native speakers (students of the Serbian language and literature) had to them. Our aim is to determine which of the lexemes given in the questionnaire as stimuli and first associations provided by the participants are mainly connected with a lexicalized meaning (e.g. babica, školice), and not with the diminutive one (e.g. bubica, pahuljice). The results of the analysis of the noun diminutives with at least one lexicalized meaning are analyzed regarding their form (singular/plural), usage, and the degree of the lexicalization (complete or partial lexicalization). The conlusions are useful for the clearer perception of the lexicalized diminutives, the lexicographical point of view, and for the distribution of meaning as well.
УЛОГА ИНФОРМАЦИОНО-КОМУНИКАЦИОНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЈА У ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЈИ ТУРИСТИЧКОГ ПОСЛОВАЊА И ТРЖИШТА
Authors: Milovanović Slavoljub , Gligorijević Živorad
Published: April 2020

For structural reasons, tourism is an information-intensive sector. Tourism services are significantly featured by information, but essentially a physical service is almost always the final product that should be delivered to customers. The uniqueness of a tourism product is reflected in the fact that it is usually obtained as a mixture of products and services provided by different parties and different companies. The complexity of the tourism market and the specifics of a tourism product that contains the information component affect the organization of specific distribution channels for these products and the formation of information and value chains in which each participant adds significant value for the end user of these products. These characteristics of the tourism market and products put information and communication technology (ICT) in the foreground. Given that information and technological support to the tourism sector is very important, travel agencies, major airline companies, tour operators, and large hotel chains intensively use ICT in their business. This article primarily examines the role and impact of ICT on the significant changes that have taken place in the tourism sector and tourism business of companies.
ОРГАНИЗАЦИОНО УЧЕЊЕ И ЗНАЊЕ: ОД ИНДИВИДУАЛНОГ ДО ИНТЕРОРГАНИЗАЦИОНОГ НИВОА
Authors: Алексић Мирић Ана
Published: April 2020

The companies today are under constant pressure to learn continuously and to apply innovations in doing business. Technical tools and work technology are changing almost on a daily basis and unless a company adapts to these, it can easily fail to update its way of functioning and the delay can prove to be quite difficult to overcome. At the same time, the increasing role of intellectual capital as an economic resource affirms the need for a deeper understanding of the way in which intra and inter organizational learning occurs, of the mechanisms which can enhance learning and the forms it can take, as well as the ways in which it can be transferred. Organizational learning and knowledge management are relatively new concepts in the theory of organization; thus, they are areas of great debates. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the development of different concepts of organizational learning and knowledge respecting their complexity, to provide a summary analysis that represents the basis for the learning and knowledge in organizations and to indicate the potential ways of future research in response to the dynamics of the development of business practice and the research needs of organizational science.
СТУДИЈА О АСЕРТИВНОСТИ, ЕФИКАСНОСТИ И КВАЛИТЕТУ РАДА СУДИЈА
Authors: Mojašević Aleksandar S , Mojašević Sandra
Published: April 2020

The subject matter of this research is the correlation between the judges’ assertiveness and the efficiency and quality of judicial work. The primary aim is to examine whether there is a correlation between the judges’ assertiveness, on the one hand, and the efficiency and quality of their work, on the other hand. The second aim is to explore the correlation between the efficiency and quality of judicial work. The starting premise is that there is a correlation between particular indicators of these variables. Judges’ assertiveness is a conditionally independent variable used as a referential point for measuring two conditionally dependent variables: the efficiency and the work quality of the judiciary. The assertiveness was measured by a standardized questionnaire which was distributed to a research sample including 40 judges from the Criminal Department and the Civil Department of the Basic Court in Niš in May 2015. The efficiency of judicial work was measured by employing four indicators: the clearance rate (CR), the disposition time (DT), the clearance coefficient (CC) and the percentage of solved cases as related to the total number of cases (PS), whereas the quality of judicial work was assessed by measuring the overall work quality (WQ). The data on the efficiency and quality of judicial work were collected from the 2014 Report on the work of the judges in the Civil Department and the Criminal Department of the Basic Court in Niš. Contrary to our expectation, the most important finding is that there is no correlation between assertiveness and the efficiency and quality of judicial work; however, there are various correlations between the aforementioned indicators of efficiency and quality of judicial work.
БОДРИЈАРОВО ВИЂЕЊЕ УЛОГЕ МАСОВНИХ МЕДИЈА У САВРЕМЕНОМ ДРУШТВУ
Authors: Ђорђевић Ђорђе П.
Published: April 2020

Jean Baudrillard is one of the authors that constantly attract the attention of theoreticians. There are hardly any sociology textbooks which do not discuss his key ideas. In spite of all the controversy around his work, Baudrillard is an unavoidable author in any discussion on the postmodern discourse in sciences. At the same time he has inspired many artists, resulting in the fact that many film artists have created totalitarian dystopian worlds which have commonly been referred to as Baudrillard's worlds. When it comes to the mass media, Baudrillard's works emphasize the term simulacrum. According to Baudrillard, all original cultural forms are absorbed in commercial discourse. Baudrillard notices a tendency of the commercial to become a supreme form of expression, even when it does not come to a nominal commercial. His specific view of the modern means of mass communication has made him one of the key theoreticians of the media culture.
СРПСКИ ЦРКВЕНИ ЧАСОПИСИ О ОРГАНИЗАЦИЈИ, ШИРЕЊУ И ДЈЕЛОВАЊУ КОМУНИЗМА У КРАЉЕВИНИ СХС/ЈУГОСЛАВИЈИ (1920–1940)
Authors: Малешевић Небојша
Published: April 2020

The primary intention of the paper is to show Communism organization, expansion and operation followed by Serbian Church magazines between 1920 and 1940 in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Yugoslavia. The author, will by analyzing all available and the relevant church newspapers from that period show how the Serbian Church magazines reacted to Communism. Special attention will be paid to the organization, expansion and (secret) action of the Communists since the founding of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPY) and the Young Communist League of Yugoslavia (SKOJ) until the beginning of World War II. Communism, at the time, was a new political philosophy which was developed as a child of socialism versus capitalism. Communism slowly came to the scene of the new state which was founded after World War I. Communism using the still young, economically weaken, and we can say insufficiently organized, multinational and multi-religious Kingdom, slowly, with a great discipline of his supporters and good organization expanded its field of action. In this paper, we will talk about it, whether, and how, Serbian church magazine recognized organization and expansion of  the new political thinking and how it commented on itture.
УЛОГА И ДОМЕТИ ИНФОРМАЦИОНО-КОМУНИКАЦИОНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЈА У ИСТРАЖИВАЊИМА УНИВЕРЗИТЕТСКИХ НАСТАВНИКА У СРБИЈИ
Authors: Đorđević Jasmina
Published: April 2020

The Strategy for Higher Education System Development in Serbia up to 2020 presupposes a certain level of digital literacy of all participants in education. Knowledge and skills in the area of Information Communication Technologies (ICT) are basic requirements. University teachers (UT) are also expected to develop skills to use ICT for both teaching and scientific research because they are both lecturers and researchers. This research is based on the primary assumption that UT would apply ICT to a greater extent if they were provided with actual possibilities to do so. The aims of this paper are to enable preliminary insight into (1) how UT understand the role of ICT in their research and which aspects of the scope of ICT they are familiar with; and (2) what UT believe could facilitate their scientific research. A survey was conducted with 166 UT in Serbia based on a mixed questionnaire. The data analysis confirmed that UT are familiar with both the role and scope of ICT but they lack the objective possibilities for a broader application of ICT. The respondents clearly stated that access to data bases, referenced journals and other sources, and the application of available programs and solutions, as well as training to use them in a proper way, should be enabled. The general conclusion is that solutions are needed at all levels of the entire education system to provide UT in Serbia with a better environment for both teaching and research based on ICT.
НОРМАТИВНО РЕГУЛИСАЊЕ БАНКАРСКЕ УНИЈЕ У ЕВРОПСКОМ МОНЕТАРНОМ ПРАВУ
Authors: Dimitrijevic Marko
Published: April 2020

The subject of analysis in this study is the identification and analysis of the normative framework of a future banking union in the Economic Monetary Union. In this sense of the word, the research emphasis is on the issues concerning the need for establishment of a banking union, the prerequisites that must be met in both the national and the EC law, the advantages and disadvantages of using this supranational coordination mechanism of economic policy and its functions in terms of financial and economic disorders. In next paragraph, attention is paid to the new tasks of the main EU institutions in the process of implementation of the banking union, primarily European Central Bank, European Commission and European Parliament, where a general conclusion notes a need for their active role in implementing the concept of a banking union would not thus preserve legal certainty and to ensure optimal consumer protection, property, rights of depositors and conservation of overall economic stability.
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF MOBILE BANKING CONCEPT
Authors: Stankovic Milena
Published: April 2020

Review of the monograph: Slavoljub Milovanović (2016). Development and Application of Mobile Banking Concept, Nis: The Faculty of Economics in Niš, p., 125.
Monitoring system of high-rise buildings, determined from the nature of the curvature of the elastic line of vertical elements
Authors: Plotnikov Aleksey N. , Ivanov Mikhail Ju.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Issues arising from the automatic monitoring of high-rise buildings are considered. One of such issues is the necessity of minimizing the number of sensors when taking the operational patterns of such load-bearing systems. The method of sensor placement in high-rise buildings is described.

Materials and methods. Different structural systems of high-rise buildings have common dependencies of longitudinal axis deformation on rigidity of vertical and horizontal load-bearing elements. Calculation of deformations from static wind load, comparison of data obtained by manual and computer calculation, and also comparison of static wind load with the wind load pulsation component are performed.

Results. From the analysis of the extrema of the deformation function of the building vertical axis with the horizontal plane of the floor structure preserved, the main typical monitoring points necessary to minimize the number of sensors in high-rise buildings were determined. Based on the typical breaking points, the required number of sensors located 1/4 of the building height away from each other and the range of measured values of deformations that occur during operation were determined.

Conclusions. For automatic (constant) monitoring of high-rise buildings, it is advisable to use a complex integrated method of measuring deformations of vertical load-bearing structures, frequencies and amplitudes of oscillations, and rotation angles. According to the general design theory of high-rise buildings and computer calculation models, the most efficient placement of engineering structure monitoring sensors is when they are evenly covering the perimeter of each floor and the entire height of the building. Measurements should be carried out following the outlines of the floor structures on stories located 1/4 of the building height away from each other, as well as on the stiffening core to control the integrity of floor structures and their connection to the stiffness core.
Reliability analysis of an end-bearing pile with account for friction forces on the pile surface
Authors: Utkin Vladimir S.
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The behavior of end-bearing piles in the foundation soil and the methodology for their reliability analysis, treated as operational safety measures applicable to a separate bearing element of a pile foundation, need clarification and further development. The weakness of the established reliability analysis methodology, focused on the bearing capacity of the foundation soil, is its failure to take account of each case of the soil behavior above rock or low compressibility soils pursuant to Construction rules and regulations 24.13330.2011. Taking account of the bearing capacity of this soil layer in respect of the load accommodation by an end-bearing pile (taking account of the pile weight) may improve its reliability by the criterion of the bearing capacity in combination with the soil behavior below the bottom tip of a pile.

Nizhne-Suyanskiy Waterworks Facility had the mission to solve water household, energy and socio-economic problems.

Materials and methods. The author analyzed piles made of any applicable materials; their reliability analysis methods are based on the possibility theory due to the limited amount of statistical information on controllable parameters to be entered into the limit state design model to verify the bearing capacity of the foundation soil.

Results. The author presents the design formula to identify the parameters ensuring reliable failure-free behavior of an end-bearing pile in the foundation soil and in respect of the soil bearing capacity. The pile reliability analysis performed in respect of its bearing capacity (and focused on the strength of the pile material) is provided in the references section. The author uses two performance criteria to analyze the reliability of an end-bearing pile, given that an end-bearing pile is analyzed as a consistent mechanical system in terms of the reliability theory.

Conclusions. The author has developed a methodology used to analyze the reliability of end-bearing piles. It is focused on the bearing capacity of the foundation soil below the bottom tip of a pile and along its length with a view to the quantitative assessment of its safe performance at the stage of design of a facility that has a piled footing; the groundwork has been laid for further research into the behavior of end-bearing piles and for the development of design regulations applicable to various types of piles that may differ in material, behavior, sinking techniques, etc.
IMPACTOS DE LOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUCCIÓN GANADERA EN COLOMBIA ALTERNATIVAS DE SOLUCIÓN SOSTENIBLES: UNA REVISIÓN
Authors: Baleta-Agreda Diana Carolina , Meneses-González Raúl Fabrizio , Imués-Figueroa Marco Antonio
Published: April 2020

La ganadería es una de las industrias agropecuarias que más impactos genera a nivel medioambiental en todo el mundo; dicho impacto ha sido evaluado como el principal causante de la degradación del suelo, la deforestación, la contaminación de los lechos de agua, uso excesivo de maderas para la construcción, desecación de humedales y las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. La intensificación sostenible del ganado tiene el potencial de promover beneficios sociales ambientales, y económicos, incluyendo, el mejoramiento de la capacidad de gestión de los propietarios de las tierras y la capacitación de los trabajadores. De allí la necesidad de realizar una revisión que permita analizar la situación actual de Colombia y de esa manera proponer alternativas sostenibles para el mejoramiento de la producción ganadera y la mitigación del impacto ambiental generado por la misma.
IMPACTO AMBIENTAL DE RESIDUOS GENERADOS EN CULTIVOS EN JAULAS DE TRUCHA ARCOIRIS HACIA EL AGUA
Authors: Jojoa-Jojoa Sonia Elizabeth , Santacruz-Ordoñez Mayerlin Alexa , Derazo Janeth Del Pilar
Published: April 2020

A medida que la producción acuícola aumenta con las crecientes demandas globales, su impacto en el medio ambiente también está aumentando. La liberación de desechos de acuicultura a cuerpos de agua naturales se está convirtiendo en un desafío, dado que son ricos en nutrientes orgánicos e inorgánicos que conducen a un deterioro ambiental. La intensificación de la acuicultura es una alternativa viable para aumentar la producción debido a la competencia que surgió del uso de los recursos naturales. Sin embargo, exige mayores insumos, como peces y alimentos por unidad de área de cultivo y, por lo tanto, una mayor generación de residuos de los sistemas de producción acuícola. Este documento analizó diversos aspectos de la producción de desechos de la acuicultura: sus fuentes, componentes y métodos de manejo en sistemas de cultivo en jaulas, discutiendo principalmente la producción de desechos de alimentos y heces que causan un efecto adverso grave que incluye cambios en la estructura y el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas y sedimentación de material orgánico; productos químicos como antibióticos que generan un desequilibrio en la flora bacteriana; lavado de redes aumentando la cantidad de partículas disueltas,  y residuos disueltos como nitrógeno y fósforo que conducen al fenómeno de eutrofización, entre otros efectos. El objetivo fue establecer las fuentes de desechos, su contenido y los daños potenciales tanto para el cultivo de peces como para el medio ambiente. De igual manera se tiene en cuenta la normatividad de la acuicultura y pesca en Colombia y algunas medidas de mitigación que podrían adoptarse.
ESTUDIO DE DIVERSIDAD GENÉTICA EN POBLACIONES DE CAMARÓN BLANCO Litopenaeus vannamei DEL PACIFICO NARIÑENSE MEDIANTE LA TÉCNICA RAPD
Authors: Romo-Ramos Jesus Adriano , Coral-Chachinoy Pablo A. , Burgos-Arcos Alvaro Javier
Published: April 2020

Se estimó la variabilidad genética de cuatro poblaciones de camarón blanco (Litopenaeus vannamei) de la costa Pacífica del departamento de Nariño (región de Tumaco), mediante el marcador genético RAPD a partir de cuatro iniciadores. Se seleccionó tres poblaciones naturales (Salahonda, Curay y La Ensenada de Tumaco), además de una población de cultivo (La Carbonera).  Los resultados mostraron un número de alelos diferentes (Na) entre 1,013 y 1,178 con porcentajes de polimorfismo entre 49,04% y 55,41%. Los valores de Gst y ΦPT indican que existen diferencias genéticas entre las poblaciones estudiadas. El análisis de ΦPT entre pares de poblaciones y las distancias genéticas de Nei mostraron que la población que presentó mayor diferenciación genética fue la población de cultivo de La Carbonera, mientras que las poblaciones más similares fueron las poblaciones naturales de La Ensenada y Salahonda. La población de Curay presentó la mayor diferenciación entre las poblaciones naturales.  El análisis de varianza molecular AMOVA indicó que la variabilidad encontrada se debe en mayor porcentaje (58%) a las diferencias intrapoblacionales mientras que un menor porcentaje de variación (42%) se debe a las diferencias interpoblacionales.
The ‘Arab Reason’ in Islamic Culture from the Middle Ages till the Modern Age
Authors: Frolova E. A.
Published: April 2020

What has modern times preserved from the past and what appeared in it as evidence of the onset of a new era in the development of Arab culture, in the Arab mind, “Arab reason”? The traditional problems of philosophy remain actual, but now interest in them is determined by the issue, how important they are for the implementation of the goals of social and cultural development as well as for understanding the place of the Arab nations in modern civilization. In the context of solving these problems we also consider the content of the concept “Arab mind”. The key points to pay attention are its epistemological features and saturation with new historical and cultural concepts, such as the importance of personality and consciousness (individual and collective), understanding of the interconnections with other nations, attitude to the values of one’s culture and importance of their preservation for the universal culture.
Review: Damir V. Mukhetdinov. Sovremennie islamskie mysliteli [The Modern Muslim Thinkers]. Moscow: Medina, 2020. 448 p.
Authors: Efremova N. V.
Published: April 2020

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Musa Bigeev’s Works on the Qur’an Published During His Lifetime in the Turkish Magazine “Yeni Selâmet”
Authors: Khairutdinov A. G.
Published: April 2020

The article introduces some aspects of Qur’anic studies that engaged Musa Carullah Bigeyev in throughout his life. It also offers an overview of the sources, which allow to completely reconstruct the method of Qur’anic translation, which Bigiev elaborated. The author publishes previously unknown data about the fate of the manuscript of the translation of the Qur’an and the prospects for its discovery. In addition the article introduces a unique lifetime cycle of Qur’anic publications of Musa Bigeyev in the Turkish magazine “Yeni Selâmet”, which have been published during the last year of his life. In this cycle Bigeyev presented his vision of the prehistory of the Qur’an, namely the chronology of sending down of the ﬁrst forty-one suras, as well as the features of their content and structure.
Pandemia COVID-19: Reflexiones sobre su impacto para la preparación en el control de enfermedades infecciosas en Colombia
Authors: Gomez-Marin Jorge Enrique , González Angel , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: April 2020

Editorial
Panorama de resistencia antimicrobiana de los aislamientos urinarios de pacientes adultos en los servicios de urgencias de Manizales, Caldas, durante el 2018
Authors: Ibañez-Dosman Juan Pablo , Salazar-Ospina Juan David , Loaiza-Betancurt Santiago , Hernández-Botero Johan Sebastián
Published: April 2020

Introducción: los servicios de urgencias requieren de la toma de medidas eficaces y oportunas en el manejo de los pacientes, esto incluye el uso adecuado de antibióticos. La resistencia antimicrobiana dificulta la instauración de terapias empíricas adecuadas, por lo que su vigilancia toma un papel fundamental en los programas de optimización de uso de antimicrobianos. Objetivo: describir el perfil microbiológico y la resistencia antibiótica de los aislamientos urinarios obtenidos de pacientes adultos de los servicios de urgencias de 7 instituciones de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Manizales, durante el año 2018. Resultados: se recolectaron 1991 aislamientos urinarios, el microorganismo más frecuentemente aislado fue Escherichia coli con un 62%. Se encontraron altas tasas de resistencia a cefazolina, trimetoprim/sulfametoxazol, ciprofloxacina y ampicilina/sulbactam. La resistencia a nitrofurantoína y fosfomicina al igual que a carbapenémicos es baja para Escherichia coli. Los aislamientos urinarios de Pseudomonas aeruginosa muestran niveles de resistencia superiores al promedio nacional. Conclusiones: es importante individualizar el manejo antibiótico empírico, teniendo en cuenta la estratificación por severidad, la presencia de factores de riesgo para bacterias multidrogorresistentes, y la epidemiología local; los análisis de cada institución y los resultados de este trabajo, pueden ser utilizados para establecer conductas terapéuticas más precisas en los casos de infecciones del tracto urinario, mejorando los desenlaces de estos pacientes y los costos derivados de la atención en salud.
Bacteriemia por Lactococcus garvieae: primer caso en Colombia
Authors: Cabrales Heriberto José , García-Posada Mara Judith , Porto-Valiente José Mario , Espinosa Adriana , Narváez Yolima
Published: April 2020

Lactococcus garvieae es una causa inusual de bacteriemia. No existen guías diagnósticas y terapéuticas actuales disponibles para tratar las infecciones causadas por estos organismos. Con base en un informe de caso, proporcionamos una revisión de la literatura sobre bacteriemia causada por L. garvieae y destacamos los desafíos de diagnóstico y tratamiento de estas infecciones y las implicaciones para el manejo. Comunicamos el primer caso de bacteriemia por Lactococcus garvieae en Colombia.
The Edict of Fontainebleau or the Revocation (1685)
Authors: Novoderzhkin Nikolai Alekseevich , Popova Elena A.
Published: April 2020

The article deals with the edict of Fontainebleau, signed by Louis XIV on October 17, 1685 and registered five days later by the Paris Parliament, which drew a line under the policy of religious tolerance in France at that time. The text of the edict is published in Russian for the first time (Annex № 1). Thanks to Henry IV and his edict of Nantes (1598), France became the only country that legally recognized religious dissociation, which allowed to complete the religious war that exhausted the state. The edict of Nantes was called "eternal" and "irrevocable". Edict Fontainebleau, who abolished it, initiated a gradual transfer of leadership from France to the UK and, more broadly, to the Anglo-Saxon world. This transition was accompanied by a change in the model of governance in France: the decline of the absolute monarchy and attempts to establish a constitutional monarchy.
The use of various types of autografts in the bone grafting of the alveolar process
Authors: Makeev A. V. , Topolnitsky O. Z. , Fedotov R. N.
Published: April 2020

Relevance. Fixing a cleft alveolar process is one of the most complicated problems in pediatric maxillofacial surgery. The difficulty lies in the fact that bone grafting of the alveolar process directly affects the growth of the upper jaw, the difficulty of performing surgery, as well as trying to form a sufficient amount of bone regenerate, while it is necessary to restore the anatomical integrity of the alveolar process for subsequent orthodontic treatment or dental implantation. Purpose: To review the literature on the use of autografts from various donor areas in patients with congenital cleft upper lip, alveolar process, hard and soft palate. Materials and methods: A literature review of the data was carried out using the electronic databases “Medline”, “Pubmed”, “Kibeleninka”. The key words in the search were: bone plastic, cleft alveolar process. The selection criteria were the articles in English and Russian containing clinical studies on the use of various types of grafts in bone grafting of the alveolar process cleft. Results: The sources of literature on the use of various autografts for bone grafting of the alveolar outgrowth in children with cleft lip and palate were analyzed. Currently, most authors are inclined to use an iliac crest autograft in surgery. Conclusion: Although more than a century has passed since the first alveolar cleft bone graft surgery was performed, the choice of bone material is still unresolved - due to the severity of complications, the impossibility of taking a sufficient amount of bone material, as well as a high percentage of material resorption, because even with the use of iliac crest bone, the volume of transplant resorption can be over 40%.
State of the antioxidant protection system of rat liver in ischemia and reperfusion
Authors: Popov Konstantin Andreevich , Bykov Ilia Mikhaylovich , Tsymbalyuk Igor Yuryevich , Denisova Yana Evgenievna , Stolyarova Anzhela Nikolaevna , Azimov Erustam Adamovich , Shurygina Larisa Alekseevna
Published: April 2020

Purpose: determination of the state of the antioxidant protection system of the cytosolic fraction and suspension of rat liver mitochondria after experimental ischemia and reperfusion. Materials and methods: the study was conducted using white mature rats, divided into 3 groups: the control group (n = 15); The 2nd group of animals (n = 15), from which the liver was taken after 15 minutes of liver ischemia; the 3rd group of rats (n = 15), from which the liver was taken after a 15-minute reperfusion period, followed by a 15-minute ischemic period. Mitochondrial suspension and cytosolic fraction were isolated from liver tissue. Results: the obtained research results showed the presence of certain pathobiochemical changes in the suspension of mitochondria and the cytosolic fraction after ischemia or reperfusion. In the mitochondrial suspension during the reperfusion period it was found an adaptive increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase by 39% and glutathione reductase by 61%. In the cytosolic fraction, it was the most remarkable increase of the total antioxidant capacity by 38% already during ischemia and a progressive decrease in the level of reduced glutathione form by 26% in ischemic and 55% in reperfusion period. The change in the state of the antioxidant system occurred against the background of an increase in the number of products of oxidative modifications of biomolecules by 40% during ischemia and 2.2 times after reperfusion. Conclusion: The results indicate the need to develop not only a mitochondria-oriented correction of oxidative disorders, but also active support for the components of the cytosol, which provide the main accumulation of free radical damage products and their subsequent removal from the cell, which is essential for survival.
Numerical Simulation of Casing Stress during Multi-stage Fracturing Based on Stage Finite Element Method
Authors: GUO Xueli , LI Jun , LIU Gonghui , YAN Hui
Published: April 2020

During multi-stage hydro-fracturing operation, casing deformation issues have widely occurred in the Changning-Weiyuan National Shale Gas Demonstration Area, which dramatically reduce the productions of shale gas wells. It is important to access the influence of multiple factors on casing during fracturing operations. In this paper, a stage-finite-element method is presented to establish three-dimensional physical and finite element casing-cement sheath-formation (CCF) models during volume fracturing processes. It considers the influences of initial stress and displacement state at and near the wellbore. Loads from the initial stress field, fracturing pressure, and transient temperature changes are incorporated in the models. Cement channelling, cement elastic modulus, casing eccentricity, and fracturing pump rate are also the variables taken into account. Sensitivity analyses are conduced to reveal which one has the greatest influence on casing stress. The results indicate that casing stress is highly affected by cement channelling. Low casing stress can be guaranteed by high cement sheath modulus and optimal fracturing pressure. Casing transient temperature is significantly reduced by the large pump rate, then a certain thermal stress generating in the casing. Among all of the factors, casing eccentricity has a minor influence on casing stress.