bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Influence of Transformational Leadership on Educational Outcomes in Muhammadiyah Schools
Authors: A'yun Ummu Qurrota , Sulisworo Dwi
Published: July 2024

Transformational educational leadership is pivotal in the advancement of Muhammadiyah Schools, which aim to promote empowerment and social change as Islamic educational institutions. This research investigates the practices and effects of transformational educational leadership within Muhammadiyah schools. Utilizing a qualitative approach, data were gathered through comprehensive interviews with principals, teachers, and staff from various Muhammadiyah schools in select regions. The analysis shows that transformational educational leadership in these schools is marked by a strong dedication to reinforcing Islamic identity, improving educational quality, and encouraging positive social change. School leaders serve as change agents, motivating and empowering staff and students to reach broader educational objectives. They employ inclusive and participatory methods, rooted in Islamic values, for decision-making and policy development. The effects of transformational educational leadership are evident in academic enhancement, character development, and the instillation of Islamic values-based character. Furthermore, fostering an inclusive and empowering school culture leads to harmonious relationships among the schools, students, teachers, and the community. This study offers a deeper insight into the role and practices of transformational educational leadership in Muhammadiyah schools. The practical implications highlight the necessity of bolstering leadership and credibility founded on Islamic values to improve educational quality and make meaningful societal contributions.
Development of Video-Based Learning Media on SLETV Material to Improve Mathematics Learning Outcomes
Authors: Kusumah Siska Widia
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the impact of using video learning media on improving the learning outcomes of eighth-grade students. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) approach, the study utilizes the ARCS research model, which encompasses student attention to the product (attention), assessment of product relevance (relevance), student confidence in using the product (confidence), and student satisfaction with the product (satisfaction). Data collection techniques include observations and structured questionnaires. The sample consists of eighth-grade students selected through purposive sampling. The research procedure involves needs analysis, design, and development of the video learning media using the Renderforest application, implementation in classroom settings, and evaluation through collected data. Descriptive statistics summarize students' responses, while paired sample t-tests compare pretest and posttest scores to assess learning improvements. The study reveals that video learning media significantly enhances student engagement, comprehension of SLETV material, and overall satisfaction with learning. The findings underscore the importance of integrating motivational elements into educational media to foster better academic outcomes. This research contributes to understanding digital learning tools in education, offering practical insights for educators to enhance student learning experiences through innovative media.
Enteropathogenic bacteria isolated in Sturnira hondurensis from central México
Authors: Segura-Trejo Daniela , Angel-Ruiz Norberto A. , Colunga-Salas Pablo
Published: July 2024

Cerca del 45 % de las muertes humanas causadas por enfermedades infecciosas son causadas por enteropatógenos, entre ellos destacan los géneros Salmonella, Shigella y Escherichia.  Este grupo de bacterias han sido poco estudiadas en murciélagos y sus ecosistemas.  El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la presencia de enterobacterias en murciélagos asociados a un cuerpo de agua contaminado en Xalapa, México.  Se colocaron 2 redes de niebla en el riachuelo Honduras, Xalapa, México.  Los murciélagos se identificaron a nivel especie y de ellos se obtuvieron muestras de heces, las cuales se inocularon por triplicado en medio Salmonella-Shigella, se incubaron a 35 °C por 48 hr, adicionalmente se aisló, también por triplicado, una muestra de agua del riachuelo.  Las especies bacterianas se identificaron mediante colorimetría.  Se colectaron 4 individuos de Sturnira hondurensis. Dos individuos fueron positivos para Salmonella enterica, 2 positivos para Shigella flexneri y unidades formadoras de colonia (UFC) sospechosas a Escherichia coli se detectaron en 3 individuos.  En 2 individuos se observó la coinfección de S. enterica - UFC sospechosas a E. coli.  Todas estas especies se obtuvieron del cultivo del agua del riachuelo.  Este estudio representa el primer reporte de aislamiento de S. enterica y S. flexneri en murciélagos mexicanos, específicamente en S. hondurensis.  Finalmente, se resalta la importancia del buen manejo de aguas residuales, para evitar que cuerpos de agua sean potenciales fuente de infección para la fauna silvestre, así como la necesidad de estudios multidisciplinarios con el enfoque de “Una Salud”.
The rodent Abrothrix olivacea and its role as a host of micro- and macroparasites in Chile: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gaona Gabriela , Henríquez Hugo , Rubio André V.
Published: July 2024

El ratón oliváceo (Abrothrix olivacea) es un roedor sudamericano que presenta características ecológicas y de historia de vida que sugieren una alta capacidad reservoria para patógenos zoonóticos.  El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar un análisis de los microparásitos y macroparásitos en el ratón oliváceo en Chile, así como comparar la prevalencia con otros roedores simpátricos.  Se realizó una revisión sistemática sobre microparásitos y macroparásitos en el ratón oliváceo en Chile consultando las bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science y Scielo Scientific Library, utilizando el método PRISMA.  Además, se realizó un metaanálisis de la prevalencia de estos microparásitos y macroparásitos en el ratón oliváceo y se comparó con la prevalencia en otros roedores utilizando metarregresión.  De 51 artículos disponibles en la literatura, se registraron 68 micro y macroparásitos en total, de los cuales 6 son zoonóticos.  La prevalencia varió entre parásitos, destacando una mayor prevalencia general de helmintos en el ratón oliváceo (8.4 %), en comparación a otros roedores (2.8 %).  La presencia de micro y macroparásitos y alta prevalencia (en algunos casos comparado a otros roedores), resalta el potencial papel del ratón oliváceo en la epidemiología de patógenos, por lo que se sugiere una mayor investigación sobre ecología de enfermedades enfocada en esta especie de roedor.
Abdominal paracentesis in the field setting for horses with acute abdominal pain
Authors: Hassel Diana M
Published: July 2024

Use of abdominal paracentesis (abdominocentesis) can be an invaluable aid in field assessment of the acute or chronic colic patient and it can be safely performed with application of proper restraint and the appropriate technique. In patients with a clear need for referral for surgical intervention, abdominocentesis may provide helpful prognostic information for the owner, but a balance between time required to perform the procedure and the need for rapid surgical intervention must also be considered. Specific clinical scenarios provide a clear and critical need for abdominal paracentesis in a field setting, including a high suspicion of a strangulating intestinal lesion or a progressive non-strangulating lesion with no option for surgical referral and high suspicion of gastrointestinal rupture. Determination of these diagnoses and the subsequent need for abdominocentesis can be facilitated by a combination of physical examination findings, palpation per rectum and the use of point-of-care diagnostics.
A new species of the genus Eokingdonella Yin, 1984 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae) from Yunnan, China
Authors: CHEN JIAN-YU , YANG JIN-CHEN , WEI YAN-LI , WANG CHENG-BIN
Published: July 2024

The genus Eokingdonella was established by Yin in 1984, with E. gentiana (Uvarov, 1939) as the type species. Ten species have been described in this genus. A new species, E. maoi sp. nov., is described here from Yunnan Province of China, representing a new provincial record for the genus. The new species is similar to E. burrusitibia Zheng, Dong & Xu, 2013, but differs from the latter by the following characters: 1) epiproct 5.4 times as long as furcula; 2) anteromedian margin of pronotum depressed; 3) 1st transverse sulcus on pronotum not cutting median carina; 4) epiproct with median longitudinal groove between base and middle; 5) male epiproct with denticles in median.
Estimation of organ-absorbed doses in patients undergoing chest and abdominal X-ray examinations using Monte Carlo-based software
Authors: Thongkum Veerapat ,   Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand, Sermsuk Phunnawut , Teerakeerayut Arocha , Jumpee Chayanit ,   Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand,   Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand,   Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand
Published: July 2024

Background: Medical imaging is essential for diagnosis and treatment. However, it raises long-term radiation exposure concerns for patient safety. The measurements of entrance surface air kerma (ESAK), entrance surface dose (ESD), and dose area product (DAP) have been widely used to estimate patient doses. However, these parameters cannot represent the patient’s organ-absorbed doses. Objective: To establish a relationship between ESD and organ-absorbed doses, calculated using Monte Carlo-based software to estimate organ-absorbed doses in patients undergoing chest and abdominal X-ray examinations. Materials and methods: The SHIMADZU RADspeed Pro X-ray machine with VacuDAP meter, Radcal, and AGMS-D+ solid-state detector with Accu-Gold software was used to measure ESD. Tissue-equivalent slab phantoms with 9.8, 15.0, and 20.0 cm thickness were used at 60, 80, and 120 kVp and 3.2 mAs. Surface field sizes varied from 7×7 cm2 to 28×28 cm2. Organ-absorbed doses were calculated using PCXMC 2.0 from STUK (Finland) using the same X-ray exposure techniques as the experiment. Results: The X-ray tube voltage (kVp) is proportional to the ESD (µGy/mAs). This relationship can be described using a power equation. The ESD increased as the phantom thickness increased for each beam field size. A linear function was used to estimate the relationship between ESD and organ-absorbed doses. Due to their anatomical positions, which are most adjacent to the X-ray source, the breast, uterus, and heart have the highest organ-absorbed doses undergoing examinations of the chest (anteroposterior; AP), abdomen (AP), and chest (posteroanterior; PA), respectively. Conclusion: The relationships between ESD and kVp were established as power functions, but the relationships with DAP were linear functions. The relationship between ESD and organ-absorbed doses was described using linear equations that varied with beam field size and patient thickness. This study provides a helpful method for estimating organ-absorbed and effective patient doses. This is important in assessing the risk of radiation exposure from diagnostic radiography.
Literature and Professional Society: Modernism, Aesthetics, and Ian McEwan’s Saturday
Authors: Martin Regina
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Ian McEwan’s novels are well-known for their ongoing conversation with turn-of-the-twentieth-century modernism. This essay argues that McEwan’s novel Saturday engages with two modernist problematics—modernist interrogation of aesthetics and the emergence of the professional classes during the modernist era. Reading McEwan’s novel through and against its modernist antecedents, Mrs. Dalloway and Howards End , provides a means of understanding how, in modernist novels, a discourse of literary and aesthetic value exists as a function of the tension between leisure-class and professional-class ideologies. The triangulation of modernism, Saturday , and discourses of professionalism in the essay provides a theoretical framework for historicizing the perennial conflicts between theoretically informed literary criticism and “new aestheticism,” “new formalism,” and most recently, “postcritique” within the context of professional class hegemony.
Yuxtaposición de modos, tiempos y mundos en Los negros pájaros del adiós de Óscar Liera
Authors: Gidi Claudia
Published: July 2024

Abstract: Óscar Liera (1946 - 1990) is undoubtedly one of the most prominent creators of the Mexican scene of the second half of the 20th century. He left us more than thirty no table dramatic works with innovative compositional forms in which the playwright displays a profound knowledge of human nature. Among them,   Los negros pájaros del adiós  1986 stands out in its expression of the most elusive and problematic sides of a flawed love experience. The main purpose of this essay is to provide an account of some of the artistic forms that enabled Liera to build an unstable, dif fuse fictional world. in which the real and the unreal dreams and experiences not only coexist but also become frail and evanescent. To do this, I analyze essential elements of the textual composition, such as the construction of stage directions, the use of different temporal planes, and the presence of voices that testify in a problematic way about events not represented on stage.
"Excuse the Spelling Which is Probably Wrong": Wordsworth and Tourism's Welsh Languages
Authors: Constantine Mary-Ann , Kaminski-Jones Rhys
Published: July 2024

Abstract: This essay places poetry from Wordsworth's Welsh tours within the wider context of Romantic tourism's encounter with the Welsh language. Welsh played a key part in Romantic-period tour literature: anxiety and prejudice were characteristic of this contact zone, but it also inspired supra-linguistic communion and a co-created 'tourist Welsh.' Similar themes abound in Wordsworth's poetry, from the sentimental communication of "Simon Lee," to the topographical lacunae and ersatz-Welsh experiments of later Welsh-set sonnets. Wordsworth's 'Welsh' was sometimes a hindrance, an annoyance, or a silence—but despite admitting his grasp of the language was "probably wrong," it catalyzed his Romanticization of Wales.
Thermo-optical simulation of holmium-doped fiber amplifiers for high-power applications
Authors: Reiter Melina , Baer Patrick
Published: July 2024

We present a numerical model to simulate the influence of thermal effects on the laser output power in holmium-doped fiber amplifiers. It aims to estimate heat generation and output power more precisely, especially crucial for high power operation. The thermo-optical model includes optical effects like pair-induced quenching (PIQ), which heats the fiber, and temperature-dependent parameters like the holmium cross sections. We apply the model to a holmium-doped fiber amplifier, developed by the Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology (ILT), in the Interreg project E-TEST. The computed laser efficiency agrees well with the experimental data. For an uncooled active fiber pumped at 1950 nm with 25 W, we compute a rise in fiber temperature of up to 78 K, which results in a temperature-induced decrease in signal power at 2095 nm of more than 14 % to approximately 6 W, compared to the signal power computed with a solely optical simulation.
Apparatus and Method for Measuring Individual Colour-Matching Functions
Authors: Ragoo Luvin , Farup Ivar , Wold Jan Henrik
Published: July 2024

This article presents a compact visual colorimeter for the purpose of measuring colour-matching functions (CMFs) of individual observers through psychophysical experiments. Constructed from 3D-printed parts, optical elements, and LED-based light engines, the colorimeter
facilitates the juxtaposition of two fields to create a bipartite field. The system underwent characterisation to evaluate factors that may impact colour-matching experiments, such as LED-light stability, spatial homogeneity of the bipartite field, and potential stray-light leakage.
The study aimed to assess the accuracy and performance of the system in measuring individual observer CMFs. Results indicate that the system is stable enough to measure both intra- and inter-observer variations in CMFs.
Hospitalization and mortality outcomes among adult persons living with HIV in a tertiary hospital in South-western Nigeria: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Omololu Ayanfe , Onukak Asukwo , Effiong Mfon , Oke Olaide , Isa Samson E. , Habib Abdulrazaq G.
Published: July 2024

HIV infection continues to be a major public health issue, with significant morbidity and mortality especially in resource poor areas. Infection with HIV results in an increased risk of opportunistic infections and other complications, which may lead to hospital admission and death. Morbidity and mortality patterns among hospitalized persons living with HIV (PLHIV) have been well documented in high income countries, but there is paucity of such data in Nigeria. We investigated the reasons for hospitalization and predictors of death among adult PLHIV at the Federal Medical Center (FMC) Abeokuta, Nigeria. This was a hospital based cross-sectional study carried out over a 15-month period between January 2018 and March 2019. All consenting hospitalized adult PLHIV who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled into the study. Causes of hospitalization and death were obtained and analyzed. Over the study period, 193 hospitalizations of PLHIV were studied. Although a number of clinical syndromes were documented, Sepsis and Tuberculosis were the commonest causes of hospitalization and mortality. Mortality rate was 37(19.2%) for outcomes on day 30, with anaemia [OR 3.00 (95% C.I: 1.04–8.67)], poor adherence with Cotrimoxazole [OR 4.07 (95% C.I: 1.79–9.28)], poor adherence with cART [OR 13.40 (95% C.I: 3.92–45.44)], and a longer duration of fever [OR 3.34 (95% C.I: 1.10–9.99)] being predictors of mortality. Part of the study’s limitation was resource-constraint of some of the indigent patient which affected their ability to access some diagnostic investigations and get optimal care thereby impacting on their outcome. Despite the upscaling of cART, opportunistic infections and sepsis remain common causes of hospitalization and death in adult PLHIV. More attention should therefore be placed on early diagnosis, prevention of immunosuppression and sepsis through timely administration and adherence to cART and other prophylactic measures.
The effect of combined training (theoretical-practical) of palliative care on perceived self-efficacy of nursing students
Authors: Salmani Naiire , Keshmiri Fatemeh , Bagheri Imaneh
Published: July 2024

Background

Nurses and researchers emphasize the importance of adding educational content of palliative care to nursing curricula in Iran as a means to improve the quality of care at the end of life and self-efficacy is considered as an important determinant in palliative care nursing. However, undergraduate nursing students are not sufficiently trained to achieve the qualifications required in palliative care. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of combined training (theoretical-practical) of palliative care on the perceived self-efficacy of nursing students.

Methods

This is a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Sampling was nonrandomized with convenience method and included 23 seventh-semester students. The intervention consisted of palliative care training for ten theoretical sessions and three practical sessions. Data were collected using demographic and the perceived self-efficacy questionnaires completed before and after the intervention. Data were then analyzed in the statistical SPSS 23 software using descriptive and analytical statistics.

Results

The mean age of the samples was 22.78 (SD1.17). Most of the participants were male (56.5%) and single(91.3%). The findings showed that, perceived self-efficacy, psycho-social support and symptom management improved significantly after the intervention (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Palliative care training can increase the nursing students perceived self-efficacy. Since nursing students are the future nurses of the care system, therefore, managers and planners can take a step towards improving the quality of nursing care by using palliative care training programs. Since nursing students will be future nurses in health care system, therefore, managers and planners can take steps to improve the quality of nursing care by using palliative care education programs.
Enhancing sports image data classification in federated learning through genetic algorithm-based optimization of base architecture
Authors: Fu De Sheng , Huang Jie , Hazra Dibyanarayan , Dwivedi Amit Kumar , Gupta Suneet Kumar , Shivahare Basu Dev , Garg Deepak
Published: July 2024

Nowadays, federated learning is one of the most prominent choices for making decisions. A significant benefit of federated learning is that, unlike deep learning, it is not necessary to share data samples with the model owner. The weight of the global model in traditional federated learning is created by averaging the weights of all clients or sites. In the proposed work, a novel method has been discussed to generate an optimized base model without hampering its performance, which is based on a genetic algorithm. Chromosome representation, crossover, and mutation—all the intermediate operations of the genetic algorithm have been illustrated with useful examples. After applying the genetic algorithm, there is a significant improvement in inference time and a huge reduction in storage space. Therefore, the model can be easily deployed on resource-constrained devices. For the experimental work, sports data has been used in balanced and unbalanced scenarios with various numbers of clients in a federated learning environment. In addition, we have used four famous deep learning architectures, such as AlexNet, VGG19, ResNet50, and EfficientNetB3, as the base model. We have achieved 92.34% accuracy with 9 clients in the balanced data set by using EfficientNetB3 as the base model using a GA-based approach. Moreover, after applying the genetic algorithm to optimize EfficientNetB3, there is an improvement in inference time and storage space by 20% and 2.35%, respectively.
What leadership role should University Medical Centers take in regional primary prevention networks? An interdisciplinary, multi-method analysis of a crowded stakeholder environment
Authors: Kuiper Marlot , Douglas Scott , Keunen Julie , Voogdt-Pruis Helene , van der Ven Lilian , Grobbee Diederick , van der Schouw Yvonne
Published: July 2024

Advancing public health through prevention necessitates collaboration among public, private, and community actors. Only together can these different actors amass the resources, knowledge, and community outreach required to promote health. Recent studies have suggested that university medical centres (UMCs) can play a key role in regional prevention networks, given their capacity to initiate, coordinate, drive, and monitor large partnerships. Yet, the literature often refers to prevention activities in general, leaving underexplored what UMCs can add toprimary,universalprevention networks specifically. Moreover, UMCs operate in a crowded field of other organizations with extensive experience in primary prevention, who will already have an idea about what role UMCs should play in the network. This article presents a case study examining the potential role of a UMC within a densely interconnected stakeholder environment in the surroundings of a large city in the Netherlands. Combining insights from public health studies and network governance research, and integrating data from various methods, this study concludes that UMCs can enhance their contributions to prevention by assuming the role of network servants rather than network leaders. Stakeholders consider public health authorities or municipal governments as more logical candidates for coordinating the network. Moreover, partners often perceive–deservedly or not–UMCs as overly focused on the medical aspects of prevention, potentially neglecting social interventions, and as favouring universal treatments over tailor-made community interventions. At the same time, partner organizations hope that the UMCs join collaborations within the community, using their expertise to measure the impact of interventions and leveraging their prestige to generate attention for primary prevention. By synthesizing theoretical insights from multiple disciplines and analysing the empirics of network leaderships through multiple methods, this study offers UMCs a contextually-informed perspective on how to position themselves effectively within primary prevention networks.
Development of low-cost micro-fabrication procedures for planar micro-thermoelectric generators based on thin-film technology for energy harvesting applications
Authors: Abdelkader Sobhy M. , Nayebare Donart , Megahed Tamer F. , El-Bab Ahmed M. R. Fath , Ismeil Mohamed A. , Abdel-Rahim Omar
Published: July 2024

With the rapid proliferation of portable and wearable electronics, energy autonomy through efficient energy harvesting has become paramount. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) stand out as promising candidates due to their silent operation, high reliability, and maintenance-free nature. This paper presents the design, fabrication, and analysis of a micro-scale TEG for powering such devices. A planar configuration was employed for its inherent miniaturization advantages. Finite element analysis using ANSYS reveals that a double-layer device under a 50 K temperature gradient generates an impressive open-circuit voltage of 1417 mV and a power output of 2.4 μW, significantly exceeding its single-layer counterpart (226 mV, 0.12 μW). Validation against the analytical model results yields errors within 2.44% and 2.03% for voltage and power, respectively. Furthermore, a single-layer prototype fabricated using paper shadow masks and sputtering deposition exhibits a voltage of 131 mV for a 50 K temperature difference, thus confirming the feasibility of the proposed design. This work establishes a foundation for developing highly efficient micro-TEGs for powering next-generation portable and wearable electronics.
Identifying the interplay between protective measures and settings on the SARS-CoV-2 transmission using a Bayesian network
Authors: Fuster-Parra Pilar , Huguet-Torres Aina , Castro-Sánchez Enrique , Bennasar-Veny Miquel , Yañez Aina M.
Published: July 2024

Contact tracing played a crucial role in minimizing the onward dissemination of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the recent pandemic. Previous studies had also shown the effectiveness of preventive measures such as mask-wearing, physical distancing, and exposure duration in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the impact of various exposure settings on the spread of SARS-CoV-2 within the community, as well as the most effective preventive measures, considering the preventive measures adherence in different daily scenarios. We aimed to evaluate the effect of individual protective measures and exposure settings on the community transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the interaction between different exposure settings and preventive measures in relation to such SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Routine SARS-CoV-2 contact tracing information was supplemented with additional data on individual measures and exposure settings collected from index patients and their close contacts. We used a case-control study design, whereclose contactswith a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 were classified ascases, and those with negative results classified ascontrols. We used the data collected from the case-control study to construct a Bayesian network (BN). BNs enable predictions for new scenarios when hypothetical information is introduced, making them particularly valuable in epidemiological studies. Our results showed that ventilation and time of exposure were the main factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In long time exposure, ventilation was the most effective factor in reducing SARS-CoV-2, while masks and physical distance had on the other hand a minimal effect in this ventilation spaces. However, face masks and physical distance did reduce the risk in enclosed and unventilated spaces. Distance did not reduce the risk of infection when close contacts wore a mask. Home exposure presented a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, and any preventive measures posed a similar risk across all exposure settings analyzed. Bayesian network analysis can assist decision-makers in refining public health campaigns, prioritizing resources for individuals at higher risk, and offering personalized guidance on specific protective measures tailored to different settings or environments.
La extrema derecha populista en Twitter. Análisis comparado del discurso de sus líderes en España, Francia e Italia
Authors: Berna Alvarado Jose B. , Soriano Clemente Jaume
Published: July 2024

Los liderazgos populistas de extrema derecha están en auge. Ejemplo de ello son los casos de Santiago Abascal, Marine Le Pen y Matteo Salvini. Los resultados obtenidos por sus partidos a nivel nacional y en las últimas elecciones al Parlamento europeo, los sitúa en un plano destacado dentro de los liderazgos populistas de extrema derecha en Europa. Las redes sociales y la difusión de sus discursos a través de ellas han resultado una herramienta fundamental para ganar presencia mediática y ocupar un espacio importante en el panorama político de sus países. Así pues, el objetivo fundamental de la presente investigación es comparar, desde el Análisis Crítico del Discurso, los discursos emitidos por estos líderes en Twitter en períodos de campaña electoral1. Para ello, se han realizado diversos tipos de análisis. En primer lugar, un análisis pragmático mediante el cual se extraen los mensajes implícitos de sus postulados. En segundo lugar, se examina la representación de los actores, a nivel léxico, en el discurso de estos líderes. Con todo ello, se realiza un análisis comparado entre los discursos. De este, se concluye que existe una matriz ideológica transversal camuflada bajo la idea de sentido común y que busca crear las condiciones para una nueva forma de entender lo político.
Evaluación, calificación y promoción escolar en el Decreto 67 en Chile: análisis discursivo de las perspectivas conceptuales y de los roles de los actores educacionales
Authors: Ruz López Damián , Pérez Arredondo Carolina , Bañales Faz Gerardo
Published: July 2024

La presente investigación buscó identificar los discursos sobre evaluación, calificación y promoción escolar presentes en el Decreto 67 y en documentos emitidos por el MINEDUC, con relación a los fundamentos conceptuales y orientaciones para su implementación. Esto implicó la construcción de un corpus, para cuyo análisis se adoptó una aproximación cualitativa, desde una perspectiva de Análisis Crítico del Discurso Asistido por Corpus Lingüístico, basada en la Aproximación Histórica del Discurso. Por un lado, nuestros resultados muestran que la construcción discursiva en torno a la evaluación, se caracteriza por un marcado énfasis teórico que se evidencia en dos patrones. El primero enfocado en las diferencias entre evaluación y calificación, y el segundo caracterizado por un rol alfabetizador que guía la acción docente. Por otro lado, se encontró que la calificación y la promoción escolar son construidas desde un énfasis normativo, centrado en las directrices del decreto y su aplicación. Transversalmente, en los documentos analizados se evidencia la impronta de un discurso managerialista, que operacionaliza la evaluación, calificación y promoción escolar asignando roles y funciones de supervisión enfocadas en la toma de decisiones, instalando lógicas técnicas propias del mundo empresarial. Se mencionan las implicaciones desde la perspectiva de análisis del ciclo de políticas educativas y se sugieren recomendaciones para futuros estudios.
El papel de la reflexión epistemológica en la Geografía española actual. ¿Cuál será el pensamiento geográfico del mañana?
Authors: García-Álvarez David
Published: July 2024

Puede considerarse el debate epistemológico como consustancial a la propia Geografía, debido a la constante indefinición de la disciplina y su aludida falta de unidad. La reflexión epistemológica proporciona a la Geografía su identidad y, por tanto, permite defender su posición como campo académico independiente. Sin embargo, en España, la reflexión epistemológica en Geografía ha sido débil. En los últimos años, su papel parece disminuir, con una menor preocupación de investigadores y profesores por las cuestiones relativas al pensamiento geográfico, y un decreciente rol de estos contenidos en la docencia universitaria. A través de este artículo, se revisan las asignaturas de teoría de la Geografía en los grados universitarios españoles y se hace un diagnóstico del debate epistemológico protagonizado por la comunidad de geógrafos españoles en foros y publicaciones académicas. Los resultados revelan una tendencia regresiva, tanto en la enseñanza de contenidos sobre teoría de la Geografía, como en las contribuciones epistemológicas en foros o medios de carácter académico. Lo anterior constituye un riesgo ante los actuales procesos de renovación de profesorado y planes de estudio en Geografía, por cuanto puede suponer la disgregación de la disciplina en numerosos subcampos, de teoría y métodos diferentes, que carecen de un cuerpo teórico común. Cabe plantear nuevos medios que den cabida a esa reflexión epistemológica, y su papel en la docencia universitaria, en tanto se aprecia un interés entre los geógrafos españoles que, sin embargo, no tiene cabida en los medios preferentes de publicación y difusión de conocimiento académico.
Inundación y cambio climático: multicausalidad en la ciudad de Santa Lucía, Uruguay entre 1990-2021
Authors: Eluén Lucía , Achkar Marcel , Schön Feline
Published: July 2024

Con la finalidad de caracterizar la variabilidad de las inundaciones en la ciudad de Santa Lucía, Uruguay, el objetivo del trabajo fue analizar a nivel de cuenca la incidencia de factores como la variabilidad climática y las transformaciones en los usos y coberturas del suelo en la ocurrencia de este fenómeno. Específicamente, se evalúa la incidencia de la variabilidad de las precipitaciones e intensificación productiva en relación a los cambios en el nivel del cauce. Se seleccionaron estaciones pluviométricas y del nivel del cauce para evaluar tendencias climáticas entre 1990 y 2021 y se determinaron los Cambios de Uso y Cobertura del Suelo (CUCS) mediante teledetección. Los resultados muestran para Santa Lucía una tendencia de disminución en la cantidad y duración de los eventos de crecida en otoño y parcialmente en la cantidad de eventos de crecida en verano y primavera; así como un aumento en la duración de eventos de alerta en invierno. Se identifican dos patrones: a) inundaciones condicionadas por los aportes provenientes del río Santa Lucía Chico y b) inundaciones condicionadas por los aportes de las nacientes del río Santa Lucía. Un rol importante juega la asociación entre el CUCS y el comportamiento climático de la distribución espacial de las precipitaciones, pero también, el manejo de la represa Paso Severino. Los eventos concomitantes que inciden en las inundaciones, evidencian la necesidad de ampliar las variables de estudio para el análisis de la gestión de las inundaciones.
Az oktatástechnológiai ágazat (EdTech) növekedése és fejlődési trendjei
Authors: Tóth Hajnalka
Published: July 2024

Az oktatás tartalmi, és egyre inkább megoldásorientált, szintetizáló jellegű megközelítése mellett, a technológiai fejlődés nyújtotta új oktatástechnológiák (education technology, EdTech) szintén komoly hatást gyakorolnak a (felső)oktatás átalakulására. Mindeközben a gazdasági ágazatokon belül is egy feltörekvő piacot képviselnek. A következő pontok azokat a módszertani és oktatástechnológiai trendeket foglalják össze, melyek kiterjesztik az oktatáshoz való hozzáférést és gyors visszacsatolások által hatékonyabb tanulást és tanítást tesznek lehetővé az oktatási szereplők számára.
Mániák, pánikok és összeomlások
Authors: Somogyi-Farkas Sára
Published: July 2024

Recenzió Charles P. Kindleberger és Robert Z. Aliber Mániák, pánikok és összeomlások – A pénzügyi válságok története című könyvéről Osiris Kiadó, 2023
Hova tovább gazdasági növekedés? – A bővülés határán a digitalizáció a kulcs, avagy miért éppen az észtek és Kína termel okosabban?
Authors: Mátyás-Péter Tamás , Tósoki Samu
Published: July 2024

A világgazdaság 20. századból ismert extenzív növekedése – ami a népesség, a terület és a nyersanyagok bővüléséből áll – kezdi elérni a csúcspontját. A fenntarthatósággal kapcsolatos politikák jelentősége növekszik, a nyugati társadalmak (és a demográfiai átmenet végbemenésével lassan a fejlődő országok is) egyre nagyobb mértékben elöregednek. Olyan országok számára, ahol a népesség csökken, nyersanyagban szegény a gazdaság és alapját a szolgáltató szektor adja, az extenzív növekedés már nem lehetséges út.
Recurrent Small Bowel Obstruction Related to Cryptogenic Multifocal Ulcerating Stenosing Enteropathy
Authors: Mlabasati Jack , Raphael Kara , Greenwald Marc , Savant Deepika , Sultan Keith
Published: July 2024

Cryptogenic multifocal ulcerating stenosing enteropathy is a rare idiopathic small bowel enteropathy characterized by multiple small intestinal strictures and superficial ulcerations, often with clubbing. We present a case of a 25-year-old man who originally initially presented with small bowel obstruction believed to be secondary to suspected Crohn's disease who was ultimately diagnosed with cryptogenic multifocal ulcerating stenosing enteropathy.
Role of Sirolimus and Rituximab in the Treatment of Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Zouridis Spyridon , Oo Ye H. , Syn Wing-Kin
Published: July 2024

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare chronic liver disease affecting annually 100,000-200,000 individuals in the United States. The first-line therapy in AIH is azathioprine and corticosteroids. However, adverse events may occur, which can preclude disease remission. In these cases, mycophenolate, mercaptopurine, and tacrolimus can be used. Rituximab is offered in difficult to treat cases. Sirolimus is an alternative regimen. However, little is known about its use in AIH. This is a challenging case of “difficult to treat” AIH managed with sirolimus and rituximab, after multiple unsuccessful trials with other medications.
Transfer of master clock network technology to Czechoslovakia: Elektročas or Elektrozeit? German roots of Czechoslovak post-war timepieces 1923–1990
Authors: Hamr David
Published: July 2024

Industrial production of timepieces began in the Czech lands as early as the end of the 19th century. Public systems providing coordinated time data (information) began to be successfully distributed on a larger scale in Czechoslovakia by the company Jednotný čas in the first third of the 20th century. After that, the company changed its name several times, especially from the 1950s, to Elektročas/ZPA Pragotron. The company produced clocks for both the public and industry as well as split-flap displays for transport. Almost all clocks at Czechoslovak railway stations, airports, public spaces, public buildings, and offices came from this company. The mentioned clocks (their mechanical parts) required a lot of maintenance, as other devices depended on their correct functioning, e.g. clocks recording the observance of working hours in enterprises (punchclocks). The process of forming the company is interesting not only from the point of view of the implementation of time into the public civic space, but also from the point of view of details, e.g. the technological transfer of timekeeping technology from Germany to Czechoslovakia during the 20th century. Specifically, the technology known as uniform time (master clock networks taken over from the German company Elektrozeit by the Czech enterprise Elektročas). The topic of the article is, therefore, the analysis of the process of adoption of this technology and its later use in the second half of the 20th century in socialist Czechoslovakia.
Formação de estudantes surdos para a docência nas séries iniciais da Educação Básica: o que dizem os professores universitários
Authors: Campos Vanessa Aparecida Palermo , Martins Sandra Eli Sartoreto de Oliveira
Published: July 2024

Este artigo analisou os discursos de professores a respeito da formação inicial e qualificação de universitários surdos para o exercício da docência, nas séries iniciais da Educação Básica. Participaram da pesquisa docentes do curso de Pedagogia de uma faculdade privada. Em investigação de cunho metodológico qualitativo, os dados foram produzidos com o uso de questionário e um roteiro semiestruturado de entrevista. À luz dos estudos dos núcleos de significação, os resultados evidenciaram ausência de práticas pedagógicas sobre a flexibilização do currículo para a formação de universitários surdos, no curso em questão. Ao serem indagados se os universitários surdos poderiam assumir uma sala de aula comum, ao fim da formação, notaram-se atitudes capacitistas a respeito de que o intérprete poderia ser requisito à escolarização das crianças não surdas. Portanto, subverter a materialidade da lógica, nesse caso, foi considerado um caminho promissor para compreender que essa condição não se restringe a determinados corpos, sujeitos e/ou grupos, mas se estende sobretudo a todos os que desejarem atuar nas séries iniciais da Educação Básica, em uma perspectiva inclusiva.
Erich Fromm e a crítica à universalidade do Complexo de Édipo
Authors: Moreira Jacqueline de Oliveira , Drawin Carlos
Published: July 2024

Resumo: O psicanalista e teórico social Erich Fromm (1900-1980) alcançou fama mundial e foi largamente traduzido em nosso país nos anos sessenta e setenta do século passado, mas posteriormente encontram-se poucas referências às suas obras na literatura acadêmica brasileira. O objetivo do nosso texto não é expor a teoria de Fromm em seus múltiplos aspectos, mas retomar a sua crítica ao naturalismo freudiano, como uma forma de subsidiar a discussão contemporânea acerca do caráter universal ou etnocêntrico da interpretação psicanalítica do mito edípico.
Palavras-chave: Fromm; Complexo de Édipo; Freud
Erich Fromm and the critique of the universality of the Oedipus Complex
Abstract: The psychoanalyst and social theorist Erich Fromm (1900-1980) achieved worldwide fame and was widely translated in our country in the sixties and seventies of the last century, but later there are few references to his works in Brazilian academic literature. The objective of our text is not to expose Fromm's theory in its multiple aspects, but to resume his critique of Freudian naturalism, as a way to support the contemporary discussion about the universal or ethnocentric character of the psychoanalytic interpretation of the Oedipal myth
Key-words: Fromm; Oedipus Complex; Freud
Erich Fromm et la critique de l'universalité du complexe d'Œdipe
Résumé: Le psychanalyste et théoricien social Erich Fromm (1900-1980) a acquis une renommée mondiale et a été largement traduit dans notre pays dans les années soixante et soixante-dix du siècle dernier, mais plus tard il y a peu de références à ses œuvres dans la littérature académique brésilienne. L'objectif de notre texte n'est pas d'exposer la théorie de Fromm dans ses multiples aspects, mais de résumer sa critique du naturalisme freudien, comme un moyen d'appuyer la discussion contemporaine sur le caractère universel ou ethnocentrique de l'interprétation psychanalytique du mythe œdipien.
Mots-clés: Fromm; Complexe d'Œdipe; Freud
Data de registro: 22/12/2022
Data de aceite: 23/08/2023
Readiness of Early Childhood Education (ECE) Teachers in West Java for 21st Century Learning: A Survey Study
Authors: Rahmi Yosita Nadila , Putri Suci Utami , Dewi Finita
Published: July 2024

This study explores the readiness of Early Childhood Education (ECE) teachers in West Java for 21st-century learning. Utilising a survey research design, an online questionnaire was distributed via WhatsApp to ECE teachers across multiple regions in West Java. The survey assessed teacher readiness based on Jan's (2017) characteristics of 21st-century educators, covering aspects such as student-centred classrooms, personalised instruction, technology competence, social competence, and continuous learning. Responses from 186 teachers were analysed using a Likert scale approach, revealing high readiness in learning management and social competence but moderate readiness in technology-related competencies. The findings indicate that while teachers are well-prepared to manage student-centred learning environments, there is a need for improved ICT training, particularly in areas like using digital tools and social media for educational purposes. Additionally, while social competence is strong, continuous professional development in technology integration remains essential. The study highlights the necessity of targeted professional development programs to bridge these gaps and ensure teachers are equipped with the skills needed for 21st-century education. These implications highlight the need for comprehensive teacher training programs and supportive professional communities to ensure ECE teachers can effectively meet the demands of modern education. Despite the study's geographical limitation to West Java and reliance on self-reported data, it provides valuable insights into the preparedness of ECE teachers. It suggests directions for future research to expand understanding across diverse contexts.
La sobrecriminalización de los delitos de bagatela y expresión
Authors: Pena González Wendy
Published: July 2024

El Derecho penal español contemporáneo dedica gran parte de sus esfuerzos a la criminalización de ciertas conductas (y la determinación de las penas para estas) de acuerdo con criterios independientes de la lesividad de los comportamientos castigados. Ello es patente en relación con dos áreas del Derecho penal: la relativa a los delitos de bagatela, y la relativa a los delitos relacionados con la libertad de expresión, cuya penalización –pese a las advertencias de la doctrina–, no se ha restringido (sino al contrario) en los últimos años. El estudio de dichas tendencias se desarrolla en este artículo.