bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribution of maritime surveillance data to French Maritime Spatial Planning: between technical potential and political constraints
Authors: Dupont Clément , Gourmelon Françoise , Meur-Ferec Catherine , Herpers Frédérick , Le Visage Christophe
Published: July 2023

Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) is widely recognised around the world as a lever for sustainable development at sea. In practice, it is a new form of negotiation for the use of maritime space and its resources. To support shared decision-making, MSP requires information on the spatiotemporal dynamics of existing maritime activities. In this context, maritime surveillance, operated in real-time by the State (defence, fisheries monitoring) is a strategic source of data (AIS, VMS and radar) and information for planning purposes. While these data are growingly used by the scientific community, their contributions to MSP remains marginal. This article identifies the main reasons for this, drawing on 38 semi-directive interviews with French MSP stakeholders. It highlights two obstacles to the use of data for MSP: a) a limited accessibility of data for many actors, especially public ones and; b) a lack of acceptability on the part of historical users of maritime space when faced with their mobilization. These results illustrate the fundamentally political dimension of geographic information in the context of MSP, and argues for a gradual “desensitization” of the use of maritime surveillance data, which have gained crucial importance in a context of increasing spatial competition between maritime actors.Keywords: territorial planning, maritime, spatial data, governance, survey
Escrito na areia: notas para um arquivo da participação
Authors: Guerreiro Marta Branco
Published: July 2023

O presente ensaio reflete sobre três projetos participativos: “Entre Vizinhos”, “O Poder da Palavra” e “15/25 Imagina” da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. Dirigindo-se a grupos diversos e usando metodologias de trabalho diferentes, o meu acompanhamento desde 2021, enquanto investigadora, criou a necessidade de constituir um arquivo que me permitisse posteriormente analisar os processos dessa participação. Embora o resultado final – apresentado em exposições, propostas de programação ou sessões públicas – seja o lado visível destes longos caminhos, muitas vezes as etapas que os constituem e lhes dão forma acabam por ficar apenas em relatórios internos ou na memória dos participantes. O que proponho é analisar as metodologias utilizadas, dando-lhes visibilidade, mas adotá-las também como as minhas próprias metodologias de investigação, criando uma continuidade entre a observação participante e a escrita sobre a mesma, entre o processo e o pensamento. O pressuposto teórico dos “conhecimentos situados”, tal como defendido pela filósofa Donna Haraway, permite que o lugar que ocupei como participante, estando ao mesmo tempo dentro e fora dos projetos, se reflita no meu posicionamento como investigadora, assumindo que a experiência vivida terá eco e influência na minha investigação, assim como a minha presença pode ter tido nos projetos. É ao longo do processo participativo que a metodologia – se pré-existente – se vai modificando na relação entre os diversos atores envolvidos (artistas, mediadores, participantes externos ao museu). Essa construção contínua é essencial para compreender o percurso da participação enquanto processo, daí vindo a necessidade de criar uma metodologia para a construção de um arquivo do intangível, do “inarquivável”: movimentos, sensações, silêncios, antagonismos, futuros. É um arquivo para uma nova forma de pensar.
Memória e mitos. O touro na obra de Jorge Vieira. A exposição como campo alargado
Authors: Silva Raquel Henriques da
Published: July 2023

Jorge Vieira (1922-1998) foi um dos mais importantes escultores portugueses da segunda metade do século XX português. A sua obra é predominantemente ecléctica, circulando com vivacidade entre o surrealismo e o abstraccionismo, ancorada no interesse pelas artes pré-clássicas do Mediterrâneo e pelas artes populares, especialmente na diversidade das práticas cerâmicas. Para celebrar o seu centenário, a Câmara Municipal de Beja apresentou, de Novembro de 2022 a Março de 2023, a exposição Memória e Mitos. O Touro na Obra de Jorge Vieira centrada no tema do touro, um dos motivos constantes da iconografia de Vieira. Este tema possibilitou o trabalho alargado de uma equipa multidisciplinar de história da arte e da arqueologia, recuando à importância do touro como figura mítica da cidade e do território de Beja. Propôs-se assim uma visão antropológica de uma prática artista contemporânea, rompendo cronologias e contextos históricos que questionam os modos habituais da historiografia da arte. Propôs-se também que a exposição fosse, ela mesmo, lugar de concretização de práticas museológicas que entrosam a investigação de campos distintos (a História da Arte e a Arqueologia) com o exercício de uma museografia falante (a acessibilidade das «mesas» onde as peças se colocavam; o jogo plástico entre as paredes com desenhos e as «mesas» com escultura; a plena visibilidade dos textos de cada um dos núcleos expositivos.
A coleção Marciano Azuaga: Gaia e Porto na segunda metade do século XIX e primeira década do século XX
Authors: Fernandes João Luís
Published: July 2023

Marciano Azuaga (1838-1905), natural de Valença do Minho, fixou-se em Vila Nova de Gaia a partir da chegada do caminho de ferro às Devesas, em 1864. Durante a sua vida, este chefe de estação e colecionador amador constituiu um espólio eclético de 1865 objetos, que doou à Câmara Municipal de Vila Nova de Gaia em 1904, quando o mesmo se configurava já como museu particular, aberto gratuitamente ao público. O presente artigo procura contextualizar a formação desta coleção e demonstrar como esse processo nos elucida relativamente às orientações intelectuais dos vultos dominantes da produção científica, artística, literária, política e académica com as quais Marciano Azuaga contactava. Estes mesmos, compunham uma sociedade ilustrada que fluía por entre as instituições e círculos de intimidade de Gaia e Porto. O inventário da coleção produzido em 1904 (que acompanhou a sua doação e que serviu de registo de incorporações posteriores até 1934) é uma fonte que permite não apenas reconstituir a coleção, mas sobretudo conhecer alguns dos seus doadores, que se foram registando até 1909. Se a diversidade e o ecletismo aparente dos objetos prenunciavam uma coleção motivada pelo gosto particular do colecionador, as tipologias de objetos contemplados e os respetivos doadores revelam uma sensibilidade positivista do conhecimento e colecionismo que corrobora a caraterização desta sociedade e o seu impacto sobre o espólio recolhido pelo colecionador. O estudo do inventário, em conjunto com abordagens biográficas do colecionador e doadores da coleção, bem como de outras fontes e periódicos de época referentes às instituições e iniciativas que integraram, constituíram os principais recursos utilizados para criar um cruzamento de dados que demonstra as circunstâncias sociais, económicas, profissionais e geográficas que propiciaram a constituição desta coleção.
MOOC in a Blended Learning Model for a Statistics Course
Authors: Stamovlasis Dimitrios , Tsanidis Charalampos
Published: August 2023

The present contribution appreciates and acknowledges the new features that distance education attains via the advances in information technologies and supports the multiplicity of combined learning pathways serving the needs and preferences of the student. This chapter presents the design of a MOOC integration into an undergraduate statistics course, aiming to create a complete blended learning system, by implementing a series of tools to facilitate its use. Besides offering an enhanced learning environment and facilitating the evaluation processes for learning outcomes, this educational setting comprises a system for conducting research and providing measurements and appraisals for learners' academic behavior. The above were evaluated by conducting empirical research on human-technology interactions, fostering achievement goal theory, and probing students' participation and achievement within the proposed educational setting.
The Experience of Emergency Remote Distance Teaching and Learning Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Preschool and Special Education Students
Authors: Bonti Eleni
Published: August 2023

The chapter explores the impact of the emergency remote distance teaching and learning (DL) due to the COVID-19 pandemic in preschool (PE) and special education (SE). As research suggests, these two education sections can be characterized as two of the most challenging, especially during emergency situations, such as the prolonged lockdowns caused by the recent pandemic. The chapter is an overview of the most recent literature regarding some of the most prevalent challenges encountered by parents and educators of PE and SE learners in various socio-cultural backgrounds, at an international level. Recommendations for more effective PE and SE DL experiences during emergency periods from parents and teachers are discussed.
Instructor Roles and Competencies as Predictors of Study Approaches
Authors: Gupta Sandhya
Published: August 2023

COVID-19 has developed a consciousness that humans need to change their way of living as it has touched every domain of life. The most affected domain is education. It has altogether made a paradigm transition from customary to digital instruction. Now, the role of instructor and his/her competencies are of paramount importance. The efficacy of online learning has been influenced by student views of teaching quality. Appropriate instructional practices must be discovered and highlighted in order to give the online educator with the capabilities and competencies required for virtual learning effectiveness. Quality of teaching may have far-reaching effects on the motivation of students regarding their studies. It may have an effect on students' study approaches, motivation for critical thinking and curiosity. A web-based survey was conducted on college students with the help of standardized tools. Findings exhibited that instructor roles and competencies have a role to play in students' motivation for critical thinking, study approaches, and curiosity.
Internet of Things and Machine Learning-Integrated Smart Robotics
Authors: Maheswari B. Uma , Imambi S. Sagar , Hasan Dler , Meenakshi S. , Pratheep V. G. , Boopathi Sampath
Published: August 2023

Robotics has been a mainstay of modern manufacturing, and it is now being employed more and more for surveillance, military, and entertainment applications. While rescue robots are employed to save humans in mining accidents, urban disasters, hostage situations, and explosions, remote-controlled surveillance robots acquire photos and video for specialised objectives. Advanced materials and effective transmissions are used in power management and new generation drive-train systems to boost speed, precision, and longevity. Both barriers with a known shape and those with an unknown shape must be overcome by the system. This requires more power and presents a design difficulty. In this chapter, the internet of things (IoT) and machine learning (ML)-integrated smart robot principles have been explained.
Understanding Beginning Writers' Narrative Writing With a Multidimensional Assessment Approach
Authors: Wen Huijing , Guo Daibao
Published: August 2023

Writing is thought to be the most complex facet of language arts. Assessing writing is difficult and subjective, and few scientifically validated assessments exist. Research has proposed evaluating writing to use a multidimensional approach including both qualitative and quantitative measures of handwriting, spelling, and prose. Given that narrative writing has historically been a staple of literacy instruction in primary grades, it is essential for teachers to understand how to measure beginning writers writing development and sources of writing difficulties through narrative writing. Guided by the theoretical models of early written expression and using empirical data, this chapter exams ways teachers can enact a comprehensive approach to understand beginning writers' narrative writing through assessment. The goal is to help classroom teachers structure a framework in assessing early writing in primary classrooms.
Role and Impact of Social Media in Tourism for Women Entrepreneurs
Authors: Eman Noor E. , Jamshed Kamran Ali , Al-Ghazali Basheer M. , Jamshaid Samrah , Shamsi Azzam Inayatullah , Kainat Nikhar E.
Published: August 2023

Recently, social media's role in tourism for women entrepreneurs has garnered attention. This study examines how social media affects the travel industry for women who run family businesses. Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter are essential resources for travel industry women business owners, according to research. When women use social media to promote their businesses, they gain visibility, customers, and sales. The study also emphasises the importance of social media-based online communities in reducing cultural barriers and promoting women travel business owners. Social media users are more likely to be successful entrepreneurs, which affects women tourism business owners. It's important to recognise and support women tourism business owners, who promote growth, economic stability, and social well-being. This study examines how women tourism entrepreneurs use social media and how it affects their businesses. This information can help other women entrepreneurs use social media effectively and policymakers and industry stakeholders support women-owned tourism businesses.
A Systematic Review of the Features and Functionalities of Mobile Applications (Apps) in the Fashion Industry
Authors: Suhluli Abdullah , Vignali Gianpaolo , Ryding Daniella
Published: August 2023

The rapid growth and widespread use of mobile technology has had a significant impact on many industries, including the clothing, textile, and fashion industries. In recent years, the use of mobile applications (apps) has become increasingly popular in these sectors, providing a convenient and accessible platform for consumers to engage with brands and make purchases. In the past decade, much research has focused on the evolution of the use of this technology; however, limited research exists on understanding how consumers interact with apps and the extent to which they impact on purchase intention. This chapter will review current mobile applications providing an overview of their features and functionalities. Furthermore, this chapter will provide a gap in the literature that outlines the current state of play in the fashion industry amongst the major fashion retailers.
Analyzing Big Data Using Recent Machine Learning Techniques to Assist Consumers in Online Purchase Decision
Authors: Durugkar Santosh Ramkrishna
Published: August 2023

Sentiments can be expressed in a variety of ways like angry, happy, sad, surprised, etc. Recent machine learning (ML) algorithms classify sentiments and assist customers in their purchase decision. Many organizations are predicting the possible correlation between growth of the business and customer satisfaction. On different social media platforms, customers give ‘ratings' to a specific product or service. ML helps in knowing the reasons and assists the businesses to improvise in the weaker sections. Natural language processing integrates data and applies “tokenization” to extract the tokens (words) from the datasets (feedbacks). A set of positive, negative, and neutral words and sentences can be compared to find the relevance. Naïve Bayes classifier, KNN classifier, etc. help knowing the trend and processes the large volume of data in minimal time. This approach helps increasing the predictive power of the model and tests remaining data. Bayesian factor robustness helps analyzing different attribute specifications from the large volume.
Instagram's Marketing Strategy of the Main Fast Fashion Brands
Authors: Martinicorena-Goñi Naiara , Aramendia-Muneta Maria Elena
Published: August 2023

About 1,000 million users are active on Instagram monthly, and the number of daily users is 500 million. Fifty percent of Instagrammers follow at least one business account, and 130 million Instagrammers tap on a shopping post to learn about products offered in the app every month. Moreover, more than 200 million Instagrammers visit at least one business profile every day. The objective of the study is to assess the Instagram strategy of four of the main fast fashion brands: Zara, H&M, Mango, and Forever 21. Results show videos achieve 3.88 times more engagement than pictures. The effect of the shopping bag tool, which has been recently introduced, is very promising: the pictures with the shopping bag tool achieved a 121.03% higher average. The authors also found spontaneity increases engagement, while Zara, H&M, and Mango posts experienced an increase in the average likes in the pictures that had faces in them.
Instagramma in Fashion
Authors: Thomas Jane B. , Peters Cara O.
Published: August 2023

Although traditionally ignored by the fashion industry, senior females have purchasing power, report being interested in fashion, and are a growing portion of social media users. The literature to date has not yet unpacked the social media usage of everyday, senior females in the fashion context. Data were collected via a series of 38 interviews with women aged 50 and older. Findings showed that the majority of the senior females interviewed were following influencers online and these activities were impacting their purchase behaviors. Furthermore, the senior females in the sample had developed their own sense of style from information they gathered online and projected themselves on their social media accounts as if they too were influencers. Theoretical and managerial implications of the study are also discussed.
Social Media Marketing Applications and Fashion Brands
Authors: Rishi Bikramjit , Mohammed Junaid , Akriti
Published: August 2023

South Asia's large size and economic diversification make it a diverse market. This diversity becomes crucial for marketers to reach consumers and share social media information about their products. Social media positively impacts branding and helps in fostering positive customer relationships. The chapter focuses on the South Asian market with detail on the social media marketing applications followed by the fashion brands in this region. The chapter sees the details from a theoretical lens and tries to comprehend the benefits and applications of social media marketing for fashion brands in South Asia. The chapter proposes an approach to designing a social media strategy and provides guidelines on how fashion brands can effectively use social media marketing. The chapter concludes by considering some obstacles the industry could face in the South Asian region and suggesting ways to overcome them by strategically using social media marketing.
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Disease Prediction
Authors: Ramudu Kama , Mohan V. Murali , Jyothirmai D. , Prasad D. V. S. S. S. V. , Agrawal Ruchi , Boopathi Sampath
Published: August 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) based disease identification has the potential to transform medicine by utilizing machine learning algorithms and techniques to analyze large volumes of medical data and identify patterns and features that may be difficult for human experts to detect. However, there are still challenges and limitations to overcome, such as the need for high-quality medical data and concerns around privacy and bias. This chapter explores the growing intersection of machine learning (ML) and AI techniques with disease prediction. The chapter begins by providing an overview of ML and AI methodologies commonly employed in disease prediction, including supervised and unsupervised learning algorithms, deep learning techniques, and ensemble methods. Lastly, the chapter outlines future directions and research opportunities in the field.
Edge-Cognitive Computing for Improvising the Healthcare 5.0
Authors: Rahi Pankaj , Dandotiya Monika , Gantla Harish Reddy , Nagaraju Regonda , Shivakanth Gandla , Ahuja Vandana
Published: August 2023

Cognitive business processing must be gradually implemented in the modern world. Cognitive computing software uses machine learning and pattern analysis to simulate reasoning, deduction, learning, and perception. Cognitive computing simulates human intelligence with AI and signal processing. It aids human-computer interaction, natural language processing, speech and image recognition, and HCI machine learning. Hospital and healthcare management systems can track pandemics and diseases using social media data. Cognitive computing in healthcare improves disease management and patient outcomes. The healthcare applications of cognitive computing for the benefit of the large community. Stable network and cloud infrastructures enable cognitive computing's machine-learning problem-solving. The unique qualities of advanced technology can improve medical care. Recursive analysis of unstructured data like X-ray images and computed axial tomography scans has advanced clinical diagnosis through statistics. DNA sequence classification also has infinite permutations due to its complexity.
Challenges Associated With HR Analytics With Special Focus on Indian Firms
Authors: Saini Damini , Singh Akanchha
Published: August 2023

HR analytics is becoming increasingly important for organizations to manage their workforce effectively and make data-driven decisions. Several studies have explored the current state of HR analytics in organizations, their challenges, and the emerging trends in the field. In fact, 71% of companies see people analytics as a high priority in their organizations. In this chapter, initially, the authors will focus on the emergence of HR analytics and the current form of it. Then, the chapter will focus more on the challenges associated with the integration of analytics in the organisations This chapter can help Indian HR professionals and researchers stay up-to-date with the current state and latest trends in the field. Furthermore, this chapter can highlight the challenges associated in various forms and shapes and how they can handle these challenges. This can further improve their decision-making and drive business outcomes positively.
HR Analytics
Authors: Gupta Palak
Published: August 2023

HR analytics is widely recognized in organizations for measuring performance metrics, workplace and recruitment analytics, and talent retention practices. It is the collection and implementation of talent data for enhancing critical talent and business outcomes that develops HR managers for data-driven insights, talent decisions, workforce processes, and thereby promote positive employee experience. This chapter focusses on how the four types of HR analytics methods aid in effective decision making by HR Managers and boost performance of employees. An attempt is made to measure the impact of HR metrics on overall business performance and revenue model by mitigating risks and minimizing expenses. Moreover, research on the implementation and application of HR analytics is still in process. Based on a qualitative study with HR analytics experts, it is found that a shift to a more rigorous and process-oriented perspective on HR analytics is needed. A model is thus proposed for effective implementation and application of HR analytics.
Identifying the Effect of Motivation on Employee Job Performance in People Analytics
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Gangwar Veer P.
Published: August 2023

The main emphasis of this chapter is to identify the effect of motivation on variables of employee job performance in people analytics, which is seen as one of the major initiatives in human resources. The secondary sources have been utilised to identify the sources of the thematic approach. Considering this, the study explains how to determine the moderating factors in people analytics. The chapter offers an introduction to problem identification and focuses on detailed literature that helps in finding factors relevant according to the theme that has been elaborated in a thematic approach. A part of the Prisma model has been used to explain the four stages of literature identification. The moderating factors have been better explained through the case studies, and one case study has been explained in the context of an Indian scenario. While explaining the moderating factors, thematic methods have been used using manual screening. The major highlights have been reviewed, discussed, and summarised.
Talent Retention
Authors: Mukherjee Soumya , Das Mrinal Kanti
Published: August 2023

The biggest challenge nowadays is finding and keeping quality employees in order to meet organizational needs and business demands. According to this perspective, talent emerges as the keystone of organizational strategy. The authors made the modest effort to identify the factors that significantly contribute in luring prospective and resourceful employees more to their employer. Sample size for this study was 440 employees currently working in IT sector in Kolkata. The authors found this research study to be a noble contribution since talent retention practice will serve as a base for employer branding and will play the influencing role for the IT companies to reach the pinnacle of success. In addition to providing a competitive edge, these factors would also allow for the establishing the employer branding concept, which would later pay off handsomely.
Measuring Employee Happiness Index in the Modern Workplace
Authors: Singha Surjit
Published: August 2023

In today's modern workplace, measuring the employee happiness index is crucial for organizations to understand and improve employee satisfaction and well-being. This abstract provides an overview of the employee happiness index, exploring the various methods used for measurement, including surveys, interviews, and data analysis. It probes into factors contributing to employee happiness, such as company culture, job satisfaction, and mental health. Additionally, it highlights the significance of artificial intelligence and machine learning in collecting and analyzing employee feedback. These technologies offer valuable tools to enhance the measurement and understanding of employee happiness. It concludes by discussing the future implications of the employee happiness index in creating a positive and inclusive workplace culture that caters to the diverse needs and preferences of all employees.
Connecting People and Places
Authors: Ahmad Munir
Published: August 2023

Exploring the potential of VGI for community development and disaster response is the focus of this chapter. It examined the impact of VGI on community growth, including active participation, inclusivity, and trust-building. The use of the latest web technologies and the incorporation of spatial and temporal information are highlighted. The chapter also explored the relationship between community development, citizen diplomacy, and disaster response. The chapter concluded with a framework based on social capital theory that emphasizes social networks, norms and values, trust, collective action, and bridging and bonding. Future research directions include investigating VGI's effectiveness, exploring the role of technology, and understanding the interconnectedness of disaster response, community development, and citizen diplomacy.
Accuracy of an artificial intelligence-based mobile application for detecting cataracts: Results from a field study
Authors: Vasan Chandrakumar Subbiah , Gupta Sachin , Shekhar Madhu , Nagu Kamatchi , Balakrishnan Logesh , Ravindran Ravilla D. , Ravilla Thulasiraj , Subburaman Ganesh-Babu Balu
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

To assess the accuracy of e-Paarvai, an artificial intelligence-based smartphone application (app) that detects and grades cataracts using images taken with a smartphone by comparing with slit lamp-based diagnoses by trained ophthalmologists.

Methods:

In this prospective diagnostic study conducted between January and April 2022 at a large tertiary-care eye hospital in South India, two screeners were trained to use the app. Patients aged >40 years and with a best-corrected visual acuity <20/40 were recruited for the study. The app is intended to determine whether the eye has immature cataract, mature cataract, posterior chamber intra-ocular lens, or no cataract. The diagnosis of the app was compared with that of trained ophthalmologists based on slit-lamp examinations, the gold standard, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was estimated. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were computed.

Results:

The two screeners used the app to screen 2,619 eyes of 1,407 patients. In detecting cataracts, the app showed high sensitivity (96%) but low specificity (25%), an overall accuracy of 88%, a PPV of 92.3%, and an NPV of 57.8%. In terms of cataract grading, the accuracy of the app was high in detecting immature cataracts (1,875 eyes, 94.2%), but its accuracy was poor in detecting mature cataracts (73 eyes, 22%), posterior chamber intra-ocular lenses (55 eyes, 29.3%), and clear lenses (2 eyes, 2%). We found that the area under the curve in predicting ophthalmologists’ cataract diagnosis could potentially be improved beyond the app’s diagnosis based on using images only by incorporating information about patient sex and age (P < 0.0001) and best-corrected visual acuity (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

Although there is room for improvement, e-Paarvai app is a promising approach for diagnosing cataracts in difficult-to-reach populations. Integrating this with existing outreach programs can enhance the case detection rate.
A rare optineurin mutation in an Indian family with coexistence of JOAG and PCG
Authors: Yadav Manoj , Yadav Anshu , Bhardwaj Aarti , Dhull Chand Singh , Sachdeva Sumit , Yadav Ritu , Tanwar Mukesh
Published: August 2023

Purpose:

This study focused on the genetic screening of Myocilin (MYOC), Cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1 (CYP1B1), Optineurin (OPTN), and SIX homeobox 6 (SIX6) genes in a family with coexistence of primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG).

Methods:

Sanger sequencing was used to examine the coding region of all four genes. Six different online available algorithms were used for the pathogenicity prediction of missense variant. Structural analysis was done using Garnier–Osguthorpe–Robson (GOR), PyMol, ChimeraX, and Molecular Dynamic (MD) Simulations (using Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)-enabled Desmond module of Schrödinger).

Results:

There were a total of three sequence variants within the family. All seven algorithms determined that a single mutation, G538E, in the OPTN gene is pathogenic. The loops connecting the strands became more flexible, as predicted structurally and functionally by pathogenic mutations. Mutations create perturbations and conformational rearrangements in proteins, hence impairing their functioning.

Conclusion:

In this study, we describe a North Indian family in which members were having JOAG and PCG due to a rare homozygous/heterozygous mutation in OPTN. The coexistence of two types of glaucoma within a single pedigree suggests that certain OPTN mutations may be responsible for the onset of different glaucoma phenotypes.
Aniridic scleral fixation of intraocular lens: The answer to vision loss with photophobia!
Authors: Shah Dhaivat , Pandit Rinal , Singhal Achal
Published: August 2023

Background:

Aniridia is defined as missing iris tissue which can be partial, subtotal, or total. Characteristic clinical symptoms include photophobia and decreased visual acuity due to an increased light perception. In addition to this, disturbing cosmetic problems are prevalent. Even after implantation of an intraocular lens, patients often tend to be unsatisfied.

Purpose:

The answer to this problem lies in the implantation of an aniridic scleral fixation of intraocular lens (SFIOL), which has a central optical axis that acts as the refractive lens and a peripheral rim of a hyperpigmented area that mimics the iris and hence reduces photophobia. The purpose of the video was to demonstrate the use of black diaphragm intraocular lens (BDIOL) implantation, its surgical steps, and its outcomes.

Synopsis:

We report one such case where a young patient presented with post-traumatic aniridia with subluxated total cataract and spillover vitreous hemorrhage. He was subjected to a vitrectomy, cataract removal, and placement of an aniridic SFIOL with prolene 9-0 using the four-point fixation method. This gave an extremely gratifying outcome and solved both problems, that is, vision and photophobia. Highlight: Before implantation of the SFIOL, the patients had reduced visual acuity from aphakia and intolerable glare from aniridia. In this case-based approach and with relevant example, we tried to provide a solution for tricky scenarios like co-existing traumatic cataract and traumatic aniridia. The patient showed improved visual acuity and marked glare reduction after black diaphragm SFIOL implantation.

Video link:
https://youtu.be/atl60WetFsM

Key words: Aniridia, aniridic scleral fixed IOL, subluxated total cataract
Pseudoaneurysm of the Persistent Median Artery: A Rare Vascular Injury
Authors: Singh Devender , Aryala Shalini
Published: August 2023

Median artery is usually a transient vessel during the embryonic period and may persist in adult life as the persistent median artery (PMA) in the upper limbs. It remains asymptomatic in most people; however, thrombosis leading to features of carpal tunnel syndrome is one of the known complications. We report a case of pseudoaneurysm of PMA following a trivial injury. This case report highlights the importance of being aware of this anatomical variation, to avoid complications during hand surgeries.
Operative Technique of Autogenous Forearm Loop Fistula
Authors: Sun Neelamjingbha , Pandey Ashutosh Kumar , Manchikanti Sriram , Gupta Aditya , Pitchai Shivanesan
Published: August 2023

Autogenous AV access are preferred in all CKD patients due to good patency rates and lower risks of infection. Radiocephalic fistulas (RCF) are the first preferred access, but most patients have diseased and small diameter radial arteries. We would like to describe a technique of creating a forearm loop fistula, utilising a good forearm vein in patients with diseased radial arteries and failed RCF.
Pulp Tooth Ratio-Based Age Estimation of Adults Using CBCT Images
Authors: Muralidhar Nitin V. , Nitin Priyanka , Kumareswar Swathi , Pillai Ajith
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

The estimation of the age is of great significance in the various branches including the forensics dentistry. Various teeth have been considered for establishing the age using the pulp tooth ratio (PTR), using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Hence, to standardize the protocol and the teeth to be considered for age prediction, we have selected and compared the maxillary and mandibular central incisors and canines, as these are the teeth having the least morphologic disturbances.

Materials and methods:

One hundred CBCT scans of patients visiting a private imaging center were collected, and the pulp volumes were assessed by the CBCT with sections axially and sagitally using “OnDemand3D Dental software.” The linear regression analysis was performed to know the relation of the variables. The correlation of the variables was estimated using the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results:

Maxillary central incisors exhibited more reliability than the maxillary canines for age estimation and among the parameters used, the axial section was found to deliver better prediction percentage than the sagittal ones.

Conclusion:

Maxillary central incisor PTR can be reliably used to estimate the age of an individual when compared with the canines.
2D Evaluation of Condylar Vertical Positional Changes and Stability after Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy
Authors: Zahara Syeda Fathimuz , Shetty Nandish , Harish Pooja
Published: July 2023

Introduction:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the condylar vertical positional changes and stability after the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) setback procedure for class III malocclusions.

Materials and methods:

This was a retrospective study comprising lateral cephalograms of 11 patients with 8 males and 3 females who had undergone BSSO, without additional surgery. Manual superimposition was performed with the Frankfurt horizontal plane as a reference. Condylar vertical, linear, and angular positional changes, and chin position were considered. To compare pre- and postsurgical statistics paired t test was used. Significance was set at P-value <0.05.

Results:

Two angular and three linear parameters showed statistically significant changes. The articular angle, gonial angle, the mandibular plane angle, and Ramal height decreased, Pogonion-Nasion parallel to Sella-Nasion increased postsurgically.

Conclusion:

There were significant condylar changes and the rigid fixation method provided maximum stability after the BSSO surgical procedure.
A Rare Case of High-risk Solitary Fibrous Tumor in Presacral Space: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Sarkar Sujata , Bashir Irfan , Yotham Roopesh Reddy , Kalita Dipti
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare subtype of soft-tissue sarcoma. Pleura is the most common site of origin, although it can arise anywhere. It is mostly seen in fifth–sixth decades with no gender predilection. The lung, liver, and bones are the most common sites of metastasis. About 80% of SFTs are benign. They are slow growing and mostly asymptomatic and so present as large masses, particularly in the pelvic region. They are well-vascularized tumors and hence, show high enhancement on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. On immunohistochemistry, they are positive for CD34 and STAT6. The absence of either of these indicates a poor prognosis. High-risk features include infiltrative margins, loss of CD34 expression, hypercellularity, necrosis, some degree of pleomorphism, and a mitotic index >4/10 high-powered fields. There is 100% 10-year metastasis-free survival in low-risk patients, whereas 78%–100% recurrence rate in high-risk cases. Surgery is the standard treatment for nonmetastatic cases. Radiotherapy is essential for unresectable cases and in resectable cases; it decreases the risk of recurrence. Here, we are presenting a rare case of high-risk SFT in presacral area, in a 27-year-old male, describing the radiological and pathological features, along with treatment with volumetric modulated arc technique radiotherapy.
Outcome of COVID-19 infection in multiple sclerosis patients receiving disease-modifying therapies
Authors: Etemadifar Masoud , Sami Ramin , Salari Mehri , Sedaghat Nahad , Sigari Amirhossein Akhavan , Aghababaei Ali , Najafi Mohammadreza , Tehrani Donya Sheibani
Published: August 2023

Background:

With the spread of COVID-19, treatment of diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) should be resumed with caution due to the disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) used in this subset of patients and the immunoregulatory effects of these drugs. We aim to assess the outcome of COVID-19 infection in MS patients receiving DMTs.

Materials and Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study involving 45 COVID-19-infected patients previously diagnosed with MS. The data regarding their MS status and the type of DMT taken by the patients were extracted from the Isfahan MS Institute registry and were summarized. Diagnosis of MS was based on the 2017 McDonald Criteria, and the diagnosis of COVID-19 was based on computed tomography scan and polymerase chain reaction of nasopharyngeal swabs.

Results:

Out of the 45 MS patients infected with COVID-19, 5 had unfavorable outcomes. Two patients deceased and the other three had persistent respiratory complications on the 4-week follow-up visit. Hypertension, diabetes, seizures, and rheumatoid arthritis were among the comorbidities that the patients reported. Both patients who died received rituximab as part of their MS treatment. All other patients recovered completely.

Conclusion:

Each different drug category may possess a distinct risk for infection, therefore until robust evidence are available, the safest drug should be utilized or the therapy should be postponed, if possible, to minimize patient risk. Disease-modifying therapy use in MS patients should be cautiously applied as their effect on COVID-19 infection prognosis is not yet studied.
The efficacy of intratracheal administration of surfactant and budesonide combination in the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Gharehbaghi Manizheh Mostafa , Mhallei Majid , Ganji Shalale , Yasrebinia Sanaz
Published: August 2023

Background:

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major problem in preterm infants that occurs in up to 50% of preterm infants. The inflammation plays an important role in its pathogenesis. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy intratracheal budesonide administration in combination with surfactant in the prevention of BPD in preterm infants.

Materials and Methods:

In a randomized controlled clinical trial, 128 preterm infants with gestation age <30 weeks and birth weight <1250 g who had respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and need surfactant replacement therapy were studied. They randomly allocated into two groups, surfactant group (n = 64) and surfactant + budesonide group (n = 64). Patients were followed till discharge for the primary outcome which was BPD.

Results:

The mean gestation age and birth weight of studied neonates were 28.3 ± 1.6 weeks and 1072 ± 180 g, respectively. BPD was occurred in 20 (31.3%) neonates in surfactant + budesonide group and 38 (59.4%) patients in surfactant group, P = 0.02. Respiratory support was needed in two groups similarly, but the mean duration of respiratory support was significantly longer in surfactant group in comparison with surfactant + budesonide group (mechanical ventilation 2.8 ± 0.6 vs. 0.8 ± 0.1 days, P = 0.006, nasal continuous positive airway pressure 5.2 ± 3.0 vs. 4.0 ± 3.5 days, P = 0.04 and high flow nasal cannula 7.7 ± 0.9 vs. 4.1 ± 0.5 days, P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Based on our findings, the use of budesonide in addition to surfactant for rescue therapy of RDS significantly decreases the incidence of BPD and duration of respiratory support. Future studies are recommended with a large number of patients before routine administration of surfactant and budesonide combination.
Challenges and opportunities of digital health in a post-COVID19 world
Authors: Manteghinejad Amirreza , Javanmard Shaghayegh Haghjooy
Published: August 2023

Digital health as a rapidly growing medical field relies comprehensively on human health data. Conventionally, the collection of health data is mediated by officially diagnostic instruments, operated by health professionals in clinical environments and under strict regulatory conditions. Mobile health, telemedicine, and other smart devices with Internet connections are becoming the future choices for collecting patient information. Progress of technologies has facilitated smartphones, wearable devices, and miniaturized health-care devices. These devices allow the gathering of an individual's health-care information at the patient's home. The data from these devices will be huge, and by integrating such enormous data using Artificial Intelligence, more detailed phenotyping of disease and more personalized medicine will be realistic. The future of medicine will be progressively more digital, and recognizing the importance of digital technology in this field and pandemic preparedness planning has become urgent.
Assessment of eating disorder psychopathology
Authors: Mousavi Asl Esmaeil , Mahaki Behzad , Khanjani Sajad , Mohammadian Youkhabeh
Published: August 2023

Background:

Eating disorders are complicated health problems that affect both the body and the mind. Eating disorders pose a serious challenge to mental health services because of their often chronic pathway. The current study was done to determine the psychometric properties of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short Form (EDE-QS).

Materials and Methods:

Persian version of the EDE-QS was produced through forward-translation, reconciliation, and back-translation. The design of this research was cross- sectional. A sample of 302 Tehran university's students in 2019–2020 was selected through convenience sampling method and completed a set of questionnaires, including the EDE-QS, Eating Attitude Test (EAT-16), Eating Beliefs Questionnaire-18 (EBQ-18), Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) Short Form. The construct validity of the EDE-QS was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis and divergent and convergent validity. Internal Consistency and test–retest reliability were conducted to evaluate the reliability. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS (version 22) software and LISREL (version 8.8).

Results:

EDE-QS was found to be valid and reliable measures, with good internal consistency and good test–retest reliability among students. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole of scale was 0.85. Intraclass correlation coefficient for the whole of scale was 0.90. In terms of convergent validity, EDE-QS showed a significant positive correlation with self-report measures of EAT-16 and EBQ-18 (P < 05). EDE-QS showed a negative correlation with self-compassion and self-esteem, thus demonstrated a good divergent validity (P < 05). The results of this study also provide support for the one-factor model of the EDE-QS (root mean square error of approximation = 0.08, Normed Fit Index [NFI] = 0.90, Incremental Fit Index = 0.92, non-NFI = 0.90, and Comparative Fit Index = 0.92).

Conclusion:

The EDE-QS showed good validity and reliability and could be useful in assessing eating disorder psychopathology in a nonclinical population of students. The EDE-QS shows notable promise as a measure for use in eating disorder research and clinical settings.
Comparison of two ellipsoidal models for the estimation of left ventricular end-systolic stress in patients with significant coronary artery disease
Authors: Ahmadi Zeinab Alsadat , Dizaji Manijhe Mokhtari , Sadeghpour Anita , Khesali Hamideh , Firouzi Ata
Published: August 2023

Background:

The shape of the left ventricle (LV) is an important index to explore cardiac pathophysiology. A comparison was provided to estimate circumferential, longitudinal, and radial wall stress in LV based on the thick-walled ellipsoidal models of Mirsky and Ghista-Sandler for discriminating significant coronary artery disease (CAD) patients from no CAD patients.

Materials and Methods:

According to the angiography findings, 82 patients with CAD were divided into two groups: 25 patients without significant CAD and 57 patients with significant CAD of single vessel and multivessel. An ellipsoidal LV geometry was used to calculate end-systolic passive stress as the mechanical behavior of LV. Echocardiographic views-based measurements of LV diameters used to estimate the end-systolic wall stress.

Results:

Circumferential wall stress between the control group and significant CAD groups was significantly elevated for the Ghista model (P = 0.008); also, radial and longitudinal stress of the multi-vessel CAD group was significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.01 and P = 0.005, respectively). All stress parameters of the multi-vessel CAD group were statistically significant compared to the control group for the Mirsky model. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was shown the circumferential stress of multi-vessel CAD with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.736 for the Ghista model and an AUC of 0.742 for the Mirsky model.

Conclusion:

These results indicated that Ghista and Mirsky model estimates of circumferential passive stress were the potential biomechanical markers to predict patients with multi-vessel CAD. It could be a noninvasive and helpful tool to quantify the contractility of LV.