bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P016 Microscopic Colitis With Quiescent Crohn’s Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Bommena Shoma , Alishahi Yasmin
Published: December 2019

CASE:

Microscopic Colitis (MC) coexistent in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rare. It is not clear if this is merely a chance association or results from a common genetic predisposition or pathophysiological pathway. It has also been hypothesized that MC is a part of spectrum of IBD. We report a case of Crohn’s disease whose clinical course was complicated by collagenous colitis while on adalimumab. This is a case of a 62-year-old veteran with past medical history of tobacco dependence, GERD and Crohn's disease. Crohn’s colitis was diagnosed in 2000 and patient was treated with adalimumab with mucosal healing and histological remission. She was diagnosed with microscopic colitis in August 2017 that was treated with budesonide. Each time the budesonide was titrated off, her microscopic colitis would flare and during one of the titrations, she required hospitalization. Colonoscopy during this time showed no endoscopic evidence of active colitis. The mucosa appeared normal and biopsies throughout the colon revealed quiescent disease. Biopsies, however, did show irregularly thickened collagen table entrapping small capillaries and inflammatory cells consistent with collagenous colitis. There was no evidence of acute inflammation, granuloma, dysplasia or malignancy. She was placed back on budesonide 9 mg daily which resolved her symptoms of diarrhea. Microscopic Colitis (MC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) differ in their epidemiology, clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings and histopathology. Colonic mucosa appears normal on endoscopy and crypt architecture is not distorted typically in microscopic colitis. A retrospective observational study of 31 patients with both IBD and MC showed a common feature of having long standing Ulcerative Colitis (UC) at a younger age with onset of CC (collagenous colitis) at an older age. Findings of specific negative associations with Crohn’s disease were detected for a number of taxa within the family of ruminococcaceae, in a study of microbiome in new onset Crohn’s disease. Several species of this family are important for the maintenance of gut homeostasis. A recent study on gut microbiota in collagenous colitis demonstrated that the patients with CC displayed a shift in some taxa, like the ruminococcaceae family, which resembles the above-described IBD associated dysbiosis. This could indicate that the pathogenesis of the diseases might have mechanisms related to the gut microbiome in common. The association between collagenous colitis and IBD is still unclear. In patients with Ulcerative Colitis or Crohn’s disease, the onset of new symptoms of non-bloody diarrhea with no signs of IBD relapse on endoscopy, mucosal biopsies should be obtained to rule out MC.
P020 Serum Ustekinumab and Anti-Ustekinumab Antibody: Analysis of Over 2000 Patient Results Using Lab Developed Electrochemiluminescent Immunoassays (ECLIA)
Authors: Yang Jane , Chun Kelly
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Ustekinumab (UST) is a monoclonal interleukin-12 and -23 antagonist. To optimize efficacy, clinicians need to establish target concentrations based on studies elucidating UST pharmacokinetics and the relationship between serum UST and desired clinical and endoscopic outcomes. IM-UNITI data (n = 397) suggest a target UST trough concentration (TC) of >1 ug/mL at steady state (week 24) (1). Other smaller studies suggest week 8 and maintenance TC cutoffs of 2 and 4.5 ug/mL, respectively (2,3). In March 2018, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to measure UST drug and anti-drug antibodies (ADAb) was launched. Here, 2098 ustekinumab patient results were analyzed.

METHODS:

Measurements of UST drug (free, ADAb-unbound) and anti-ustekinumab antibody (total including IgM and IgG subtypes) were performed by lab-developed ECLIA [2]. All ADAb positive samples are confirmed by a signal suppression test. Lower limits of quantitation are 0.1 ug/mL for UST and 40 ng/mL for ADAb. These ECLIAs were tested by Janssen R&D (Spring House, PA) for specificity, sensitivity, drug tolerance, accuracy, and precision and found to strongly agree with Janssen’s own R&D assays used in clinical trials (4). Clinical histories and blood collection timing are unknown.

RESULTS:

Of 2098 measured samples, 95.9% (2012) were ADAb-free and only 4.1% (86) had measurable anti-ustekinumab antibodies. In the absence of ADAb, UST concentrations ranged 0.1 to >32 ug/mL. Due to a highly sensitive lower limit of quantitation (0.1 ug/mL), only 38 (1.9%) had undetectable drug (<0.1). Of all ADAb-free samples, 9.2% were <1.0 and 24.6% were <2.0. Interestingly, half (50.4%) had UST less than 4.0. High UST (>10) occurred in 8.9% while 38.8% were 4.0–10. A small subset of patient samples (2.1%) had very high UST >20. Anti-ustekinumab antibodies ranged 42 to 9634 ng/mL. Only 3 of 2098 samples had ADAb > 1000; mean concomitant UST was undetectable. Most ADAb titers were 40–99 with a mean free UST of 4.5 ug/mL.

CONCLUSION(S):

Most samples received for UST monitoring were negative for anti-ustekinumab antibody and had UST <10 ug/mL. The therapeutic range for UST has yet to be firmly established. If a therapeutic cutoff of 1.0 ug/mL is used, then clinicians must be aware of the need for an adequately sensitive UST assay. Here, we found that 9.2% were <1 ug/mL. Using a cutoff of 2 ug/mL, 24.6% were below target. And if the threshold is 4.0 ug/mL, then the majority (50.4%) would be considered sub-therapeutic. Gastroenterologists are currently using TDM to try to optimize UST; therefore, better-established target concentrations for UST would be beneficial.
P031 A Rare Case of Crohn’s Disease and Hemophilia Presenting With Acute Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Ahmed Hamed , Hamed Amira , Lambert Karissa , Ali Eslam
Published: December 2019

INTRODUCTION:

Coexistence of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and Hemophilia is rare. IBD is a chronic inflammatory condition that is known to be associated with a hypercoagulable state, while hemophilia is due to a deficiency of blood coagulation factors leading to prolonged bleeding. Acute massive gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a rare complication of Crohn’s disease (CD). This case reports an unusual initial presentation of Crohn’s disease with massive (GIB) in a patient with hemophilia.

CASE PRESENTATION:

A 19 year old Caucasian male with history of mild Hemophilia A presented with a 1 week history of painless hematochezia. He denied any abdominal pain, rectal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. He denied tobacco, alcohol, and recent NSAID use. On physical examination, patient was tachycardic, had mild abdominal tenderness, and hematochezia on rectal exam. Laboratory finding was significant for an acute drop in hemoglobin from 10.7 g/dL to 6.7 g/dL. Given history of hemophilia, factor VIII level was checked and low at 44 % [normal range of 55%–145%]. Patient was resuscitated with fluids and blood products and given factor VIII replacement. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was unremarkable. Given his young age and painless hematochezia, meckel’s scan was performed and was unremarkable. Subsequently, patient underwent a colonoscopy which surprisingly revealed an inflamed, erythematous, and ulcerated ileocecal valve. The endoscopic findings along with the pathological findings were consistent with CD. Inflammatory markers, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were elevated. Patient was started on prednisone and was scheduled a close hospital follow-up with gastroenterology clinic.

CONCLUSION:

IBD is rarely associated with inherited bleeding disorders like hemophilia. In this subset of patients, CD may present with an acute painless GIB. IBD is associated with a hypercoagulable state. However, it can still occur in patients with a bleeding disorder.
P037 Patterns of Care Among Patients Treated With Ustekinumab for Crohn’s Disease: Results From a Chart Review
Authors: Ruetsch Charles , Davis Tigwa , Clerie Jennifer , Obando Camilo , Izanec James , Muser Erik
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Crohn’s Disease (CD) is a chronic, progressive disease that causes severe and debilitating symptoms often leading to hospitalizations and surgeries. Biologic therapy can treat the underlying pathology, but treatment non-response is common. In 2016, the FDA approved ustekinumab for the treatment of adult patients with moderately to severely active CD who have failed or were intolerant to conventional therapy or failed or were intolerant to treatment with one or more TNF blockers. The study objective was to use chart data to characterize CD patients starting ustekinumab.

METHODS:

Of the medical charts for 109 adult CD patients who initiated ustekinumab therapy (index), 100 charts (92%) for patients who remained on UST therapy at six months were analyzed. Variables extracted from charts included patient demographics, CD-related complications, CD medication use, disease duration, and lab values. The 3 measurement periods were: 1) historical (up to 3 years prior to index); 2) pre-index period (6 months prior to index) and 3) post-index period (6 months following index dose).

RESULTS:

The study sample was mostly female (65%) and Caucasian (58%) with a mean age of 42.2 ± 14.9 yrs and a disease duration of 9.6 ± 10.5 yrs. Of the 100 patients, 82% were bio-experienced, including 45 who had already failed at least two biologics prior to starting ustekinumab. Adalimumab was the most recent biologic used in 49% of patients, followed by vedolizumab (21%), infliximab (17.5%), and certolizumab (12.3%). The most common reasons for switching to ustekinumab were secondary loss of response (48%), followed by primary non-response (15%), and side effects (13%). During the pre-index period, 18 (17%) reported a CD-related complication (e.g., fistula, obstruction, anemia, etc.) and these complications resolved in 16 of 18 patients (89%) during the treatment period. In the post-index period, only 50% of patients had at least one lab test in the chart and only 2% underwent a colonoscopy. Over the treatment period, steroid used decreased by 61% from 23% of the study population pre-index to 9% post-index (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION(S):

Three-fourths of patients who started ustekinumab had previously failed other biologic therapies, and over 90% remained on ustekinumab for at least the six months after initiating treatment. During this time, most patients had resolution of their CD-related complications and most patients on steroids were able to discontinue them.
P048 Mesenchymal Stromal Cells of Bone Marrow Reduce the Risk of Postoperative Recurrence of Crohn's Disease
Authors: Knyazev Oleg , Kagramanova Anna , Konoplyannikov Anatoliy , Kulakov Dmitriy , Korneeva Irina , Zvyaglova Mariya , Babayan Anait , Parfenov Asfold
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Crohn's disease (CD) in the form of terminal ileitis occurs in approximately 1/3 of CD patients and is often complicated by the formation of ileum stricture or ileocecal valve. The operation of choice is resection of ileocecal Department with the formation of ileo of ascendants. Depending on the combination of risk factors, as well as on the effectiveness of previous anti-relapse therapy, patients after surgery should be stratified into groups with different risks of postoperative recurrence.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MS/SC) as anti-relapse therapy in patients with low-risk CD after ileocecal resection.

METHODS:

36 patients with CD in the form of terminal ileitis with a stricture of the terminal ileum with signs of intestinal obstruction after the ineffectiveness of the course of conservative therapy (application of GCS) underwent resection of the ileocecal Department with the formation of ileo-ascendoanastomosis. All patients had a low risk of postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease. However, the first group of patients aged 19 to 58 years (Me-29) (n = 18) received MS/SC. The second group of patients aged 20 to 68 years (Me-36) (n = 18) received mesalazines 4 gr/day. The follow-up period was 60 months. The monitoring was carried out by endoscopic picture and/or CT-enterography, C-RP level, fecal calprotectin (FCP). Average baseline CRP in the 1st group was 29.5 ± 3.2 mg/l, in the 2-nd – to 27.75 ± 3, 0 (P = 0,73), the level of the FCP in the 1-st group 1019,4 ± 97,2 mkg/g, in the 2nd – 998,8 ± 127, 3 mkg/g (P = 0,9).

RESULTS:

After 24 months in the 1st group of patients the average level of C-RP was 9.5 ± 1.9 mg/l, in the 2nd group −17.8 ± 3.3 mg/l (p = 0.027). The level of the FCP in the 1st group −98,0 ± 12,1 mkg /g, in the 2nd – 121,7 ± 14,2 mkg /g (P = 0,27). After 24 months of follow-up, 1 (5.5%) patient from the first group (n = 18) had a relapse that required the appointment of GCS. In the second group, relapse occurred in 4 (22.2%) patients out of 18 (RR 0.25; 95% CI 0.031–2.025; P = 0.15). After 60 months in the 1st group of patients the average level of C-RP was 10.76 ± 2.1 mg/l, in the 2nd group -19.2 ± 3.5 mg/l (P = 0.039). The level of the FCP in the 1st group of 100.4 ± 13.7 per mkg /g, in the 2nd – 191, 7 ± 24, 9 mkg /g (P = 0.002). After 60 months of follow-up, 1 (5.5%) patient from the first group had a relapse. In the second group, relapse occurred in 8 (22.2%) patients out of 18 (RR 0.125; 95% CI 0.017–0.9; P = 0.008).

CONCLUSION(S):

The use of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MS/SC) as anti-relapse therapy in patients with low-risk CD after ileocecal resection significantly reduces the risk of postoperative recurrence of CD.
P060 Reproductive and Sexual Function in Men With IBD in Brazil
Authors: Machado Marta , Lima Fernanda
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

There are studies focusing on fertility, pregnancy and sexual issues for women with inflammatory bowel disease. On the other hand, relatively little attention has been focused on reproductive and mainly sexual function issues faced by men with IBD. Sexual function may be adversely affected by some medications used to treat IBD, the depression that may accompany active IBD, and proctocolectomy. The present study aims to evaluate the reproductive and sexual function of patients with IBD in Brazil.

METHODS:

This prospective study was conducted by a self-completed cross-sectional online questionnaire answered by 225 male IBD patients over 18 years of age throughout Brazil in 2019 for 10 weeks.

RESULTS:

A total of 225 patients answered the questionnaire, 78.2% were between 18 and 38 years old, 69.67% were diagnosed with Crohn's disease, 27.96% ulcerative colitis and 2.37% indeterminate colitis. 50.24% had children, 42.48% were using contraception, 33.02% did not plan pregnancy, 28.78% of patients reported that the disease disrupted family planning, 70.37% did not consider having more children. , were taking the following medications when their wives became pregnant 20, 31 5-ASA, 12.5% Corticosteroids, 11,71 Immunosuppressants, 14.84% Biological, 0.003% Antibiotic, 47.65% without any treatment. Of the patients studied, 30.14% have an erection problem, 20.45% sought the help of a urologist, 32.55% of the patients underwent surgery for the treatment of IBD, 87.56% reported that their doctors never addressed the issue. family planning during treatment and 13.81 of the patients proactively approached the issue with their doctors.

CONCLUSION(S):

The data presented show that family planning is little explored by both doctors and male patients. Inflammatory bowel diseases may influence family planning with regard to not having children or considering having more children. Sexual dysfunction can occur in a considerable number of patients, but few seek expert help.
P061 Perianal Involvement in Crohn's Disease: Are There Always Two Sides to Every Coin?
Authors: Magalhaes Rui , Xavier Sofia , Dias de Castro Francisca , Moreira Maria João , Cotter José
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Crohn's disease (CD) is complicated with perianal disease in 21-23% of patients. Presence of perianal disease has been associated with a disabling course of CD and dreadful impact on quality of life. We aim to identify if perianal disease has negative implication on CD remission rates, after one-year infliximab therapy course.

METHODS:

Cohort, retrospective, single center study, including consecutive CD patients on Infliximab perfusion. Patients were followed one year, since the beginning of biological therapy. Co-variables were chosen bearing in mind clinical relevance and literature evidence. We split our outcome variable into clinical remission; analytical remission; endoscopic remission and deep remission (including all three mentioned before). The correlation towards the outcome variable was assessed with univariate and multivariate analysis, and a survival assessment, using SPSS – P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

We assessed 74 patients with CD, of whom 41 (55,4%) were female, with a mean age of 36 years old, all Caucasian. From our cohort, 36.5% of the patients presented perianal disease at diagnosis. After one year of treatment course, we documented 31.5% of deep remission, 47.2% endoscopic remissions, 55.4% analytical remission and 70.3% of clinical remission. Sixty-six patients (89.2%) presented any type of initial response to the treatment, from whom, 20 presented disease relapses (clinical or/and analytical or/and endoscopic). Patients with perianal disease, on the first year of Infliximab therapy, have a higher probability of disease relapse, displaying statistically significant difference on Kaplan-Meyer curves (Breslow P-value 0.043). Several variables had statistical significance towards the outcomes on the univariate analysis (age at diagnosis; disease behavior at diagnosis; smoking; hospital admission; days of hospital stay; corticoid cycle; biological naïve patients; blood infliximab levels; calprotectin, protein c reactive, erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels before and after one year of follow up). Adjusting for confoundment, patients with perianal disease have an odd 7.6 times higher of achieving endoscopic remission (P-value 0.038) and 17 times higher of achieving clinical remission (P-value 0.019) with infliximab therapy.

CONCLUSION(S):

In CD patients on infliximab therapy, perianal disease involvement is associated with higher endoscopic, analytical and clinical remission rates, after one year follow up. However, they are more prone to disease relapse, in the first year of biological therapeutic.
P095 The Very Interesting Small Bowel Lesions of Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome
Authors: Tanaka Akihito , Kanmura Shuji , Yutsudo Kazuki , Komaki Yuga , Iwaya Hiromichi , Arima Shiho , Sasaki Fumisato , Tanoue Shiroh , Hashimoto Shinichi , Ido Akio
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a non-hereditary disease characterized by the presence of gastrointestinal polyposis and skin symptoms such as hair loss, nail plate atrophy, and skin pigmentation. Approximately 50% of cases of CCS also have small bowel lesions. However, there have been few image reports of the small intestine lesions.

METHODS:

We examined the findings of small intestine capsule endoscopy (CE) in 3 cases of CCS in our hospital.

RESULTS:

Case 1 was of a 64-year-old male whose chief complaint was diarrhea, abnormal taste, and weight loss. He had diarrhea for 2 months and aware of finger pigmentation and nail atrophy. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed a collection of reddish polyps that expanded in the stomach and duodenum, and colonoscopy (CS) revealed glossy reddish bumps in the colon. CE showed diffuse reddish, edematous mucosa and villi enlargement in the entire small bowel. From these characteristic endoscopic and skin findings, he was diagnosed with CCS and was started on prednisolone (PSL) treatment. The treatment response was good, and there was no relapse. Case 2 was of a 65-year old female whose chief complaint was skin pigmentation. She had been aware of pigmentation on her back, palms, and upper arms, and loss of fingernails for the last 6 years with repeated disappearances and exacerbations. Furthermore, erosive gastritis and gastric hyperplastic polyps had been detected 4 years ago, and she was followed-up for these symptoms. Gradually, she became aware of nausea and loose stools, which prompted her to visit our hospital. EGD and CS revealed multiple reddish polyps predominantly in the gastric antrum, villous atrophy and reddish polyps in the terminal ileum, and scattered reddish polyps in the entire colon. Mucosal biopsies revealed glandular dilation, mucosal edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration. CE showed diffuse mulberry ridges and villi atrophy throughout the small bowel. She was diagnosed with CCS based on characteristic clinical and endoscopic findings, and was started on steroid treatment. There was no relapse. Case 3 was of a 75-year old male whose chief complaint was diarrhea and hair loss. EGD and CS revealed multiple polyps in the stomach, duodenum, and colon. CE showed reddish edematous mucosa and villi mixed with atrophy and swelling in the small bowel. Of note were that these findings were found in the jejunum. He was diagnosed with CCS and started on PSL and immunomodulator. Four years later, the characteristic findings disappeared in the CE.

CONCLUSION(S):

All patients had lesions in the entire small bowel, but there they were not associated with clinical findings or steroid response. The mucosa of the small intestine were more likely to have various findings as the period from onset to diagnosis became longer.
P100 Using Data Aggregation to Determine Thematic Knowledge Transfer and Lasting Performance Change in Multiple Continuing Education Activities on IBD
Authors: Faler Whitney , Perez Jan , Tordoff Sharon , Salinas Greg , Gross Tara
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Often, implications of the effect of CME is difficult to determine due to reliance on single data points of pre-post knowledge questions. Using aggregation methodology, we were able to thematically combine the assessments of 3 similar educational activities to determine the immediate and lasting effect of education on IBD practice.

METHODS:

Surveys were designed based on learning objectives of 3 accredited CME activities on IBD. Outcomes measurements were taken directly before and after the activities, as well as 3-months after activity completion. This 3-month follow-up sample was matched at the same time to a control sample of clinicians who did not participate in the education.

RESULTS:

Based on the themes of the pre-post questions, we were able to aggregate the scores of the three activities and determine overall changes in understanding key risk factors, establishing appropriate goals, choice of guideline-based therapy, and knowledge of clinical trials. Compared to pre-activity, learners had significant improvements in each of these areas, showing effectiveness of the education. Hodge’s g effect sizes were run on all pre-post data to better compare the effect of education across themes. The most robust effects were seen in recognizing risk factors (g = 0.75) and clinical trial results (g = 0.71) while more modest effects were seen in establishing goals of treatment (g = 0.40) and selecting treatment (g = 0.59). Some of this modest effect seen in establishing goals can be attributed to a high baseline level of knowledge (a pre-score of 70.8%). However, looking at the scores of learners compared to a control group of similar clinicians that did not attend the education, robust effects can be seen even 30 days after the activity. Assessment of risk had an effect of 0.67 while establishing goals (g = 0.81) and treatment choice (g = 0.85) had even higher effects.

CONCLUSION(S):

Aggregating the outcomes of multiple educational activities allows us to understand effect by theme, providing opportunities to inform key stakeholders of the value of educational interventions. Further it allows educators opportunities to understand the continuing need of the community that has not attended these activities, and focus future interventions on improving areas where they are needed most.
Control of Dalbulus maidis in maize crop with electrostatic spraying
Authors: Marques Rodrigo Santos , Rodrigues da Cunha João Paulo Arantes , Alves Guilherme Sousa , Alves Thales Cassemiro , Silva Sérgio Macedo , Zandonadi César Henrique Souza
Published: December 2019

Among the pests that attack the maize, the maize leafhopper, which causes direct damages by sap-sucking and indirect ones, stands out as being a vector of pathogens and viruses, and can cause losses of up to 100% of the production. An alternative to improve the chemical control of this pest is the use of electrostatic spraying technology. However, there is no research support. This study aimed to evaluate the deposition of spray in the maize crop and the effectiveness in the chemical control of the maize leafhopper, using the electrostatic spraying system, at different application rates, compared to the conventional spraying system. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five treatments, in a 2x2 + 2 factorial scheme: presence or absence of electrostatic spraying system, two application rates (35 and 50 L ha-1), an additional treatment using a hydraulic spray nozzle and a rate of 100 L ha-1, and other additional treatment without the application of insecticide, in order to support the study of pest infestation. Each treatment consisted of eight replicates, in which the spray deposition in the maize canopy and the efficiency in the control were evaluated. For the insecticide applications, a boom sprayer with induction electrostatic spraying system was used with indirect electrification. To evaluate the deposition, the Brilliant Blue FCF marker was added to the spray to be detected by absorbance in spectrophotometry. For the biological efficacy of the maize leafhopper, the insecticide composed of thiamethoxam and lambda-cyhalothrin was used compared with the control without the application. There was a significant increase in the spray deposition, both in the upper and lower maize leaves, with the use of electrostatic spray technology compared to the conventional spray system. The control of the maize leafhopper was also superior. The electrostatic spraying also made it possible to reduce the application rate by approximately three times in relation to that used in conventional hydraulic spraying.
Sunflower growth irrigated with sewage effluent under organic fertilization
Authors: Barros Helder Morais Mendes , Gheyi Hans Raj , Travassos Kaline Dantas , Dias Nildo da Silva , Leite Moadir de Sousa , Barros Mara Karinne Lopes Veriato , Rivera René Chipana-
Published: December 2019

In the semi-arid region of Brazil due to water scarcity, the use of alternative water sources is of vital importance, such as the use of saline waters and treated sewage effluents. Therefore, in the present work, the growth of sunflower plants irrigated with tap water and treated domestic sewage effluent, associated with organic fertilization was evaluated. The research was carried out in a protected environment at the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus I, Campina Grande, PB. A completely randomized experimental design with factorial arrangement was used (4 x 2) + 2, with 5 repetitions. the treatments consisted of organic manure dosages (7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15% of manure on a weight basis) and two water sources (supply water and treated domestic sewage effluent). According to the results obtained, it can be indicated that the use of domestic sewage effluent for sunflower irrigation increased sunflower growth in relation to the use of water supply. The application of manure doses of 12.5 and 15% improved the early growth of the sunflower, with significant increases in the growth variables.
Estimates of genetic divergence in cowpea by multivariate analysis in different environments
Authors: Ribeiro Larissa Pereira , Evangelista Jeniffer Santana Pinto Coelho , Damacena Michelle Brandão , Elizeu Arthur Mayrink , Coelho Igor Ferreira , Rodrigues Erina Vitório , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo , Bhering Leonardo Lopes
Published: December 2019

Cowpea is a legume of great importance in the Brazilian nutrition, mainly in the Northeast region. Despite the low yield of Brazilian cowpea, the species presents a genetic potential to be explored. Thus, this work aimed to characterize the genetic diversity of cowpea genotypes by agronomic traits and select genotypes for possible crosses by multivariate analysis. Four value for cultivation and use tests were carried out with cowpea genotypes in 2005 and 2006, in the municipalities of Aquidauana, Chapadão do Sul, and Dourados, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The experimental design was a complete randomized block with 20 genotypes and four replications. The evaluated traits were value for cultivation, plant lodging, pod length, grain weight of five pods, number of grains per pod, pod weight, severity of powdery mildew, and grain yield. To estimate the genetic diversity among the genotypes, the optimization methods of Tocher and UPGMA were used. The generalized distance of Mahalanobis was used as a dissimilarity measure. The clustering methods revealed genetic variability among the cowpea genotypes evaluated. The methods used formed a different number of groups for each environment. Genotypes TE97-309G-24, MNC99-542F-5, BRS Paraguaçu, BRS Paraguaçu, BR 17-Gurguéia, and CNC x 409-11F-P2 can be used to obtain promising combinations and high genetic variability.
In vitro antifungal activity of Myrcia ovata essential oils and their major compounds against pathogens of citrus, sweet potato, and coconut
Authors: White Larissa Alves Secundo , Blank Arie Fitzgerald , Gagliardi Paulo Roberto , Arrigoni-Blank Maria de Fátima , Nizio Daniela Aparecida de Castro , Sampaio Taís Santos , Alves Mércia Freita , Almeida-Pereira Camila Santos
Published: December 2019

Myrcia ovata, an endemic species to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, presents antifungal properties. The phytopathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, Plenodomus destruens, and Thielaviopsis paradoxa are responsible for the diseases citrus postbloom fruit drop, sweet potato foot rot, and coconut stem bleeding, respectively. The antifungal activity of the essential oils of five M. ovata chemotypes (MYRO-159, nerolic acid chemotype; MYRO-180, nerolic acid + linalool chemotype; MYRO-388, geraniol chemotype; MYRO-157, citral + (E)-nerolidol chemotype; and MYRO-174, isopulegol + linalool chemotype), four major compounds (nerolic acid, nerolic acid + linalool, geraniol, and citral + (E)-nerolidol), and three pure compounds (citral, (E)-nerolidol, and linalool) against the fungi C. acutatum, P. destruens, and T. paradoxa were evaluated. For this, in vitro tests were conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications, testing concentrations (v/v) ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 μL.mL-1. All treatments presented toxicity at different levels to the three fungi. For C. acutatum, the essential oil from the individual MYRO-180 (nerolic acid + linalool chemotype) and its major compound showed the lowest Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) of 0.03 and 0.1 µL.mL-1, respectively. For P. destruens, the essential oil from the individual MYRO-159 (nerolic acid chemotype) presented the lowest MIC of 0.05 μL.mL-1. The nerolic acid + linalool chemotype and its major compound presented an MFC of 0.07 μL.mL-1. For T. paradoxa, the major compound citral + (E)-nerolidol stood out with the lowest MIC and MFC of 0.03 and 0.2 µL.mL-1, respectively. Linalool presented the lowest toxicity to the three tested fungi.
Accumulation of macronutrients in cowpea and weeds in competition and under soil water deficit
Authors: Oliveira Fernando Sarmento de , Sousa Sarmento Erivanessa Costa , Dombroski Jeferson Luiz Dallabona , Silva Daniel Valadão , Freitas Claudia Daianny Melo , Souza Matheus Freitas , Borges Maiara Pinheiro da Silva , Silveira Lindomar Maria da
Published: December 2019

The ability of a plant species to succeed in colonization of agroecosystem depends on its efficiency in the use of growth resources even in deficient conditions. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of competition and water deficit in the soil on the accumulation of macronutrients of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp., Commelina benghalensis L. and Waltheria indica L. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, in randomized block design, with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 5 × 2 factorial, with the first factor corresponding to types of interaction among species (V. unguiculata + C. benghalensis; V. unguiculata + W. indica; V. unguiculata in monoculture, C. benghalensis in monoculture and W. indica in monoculture), and the second of water regimes (irrigated and water deficit). The water deficit differently affects macronutrient content on the species, with decreased of K, Ca and Mg in cowpea, and N, P, K and Ca in W. indica. For C. benghalensis, the water deficit does not reduce the macronutrient contents on the plant. The competition between plants intensifies the effects of water deficit only on C. benghalensis, with a decreased on the content of all macronutrients studied. Under irrigated conditions, competition between plants was more damaging the weeds compared to cowpea. The C. benghalensis specie, free from interference, has a high potential for nutrient extraction under irrigated and water deficit regimes.
Development and validation of a standard area diagram set as assessment aid for estimating the severity of bacterial spot on tri-lobed leaves of yellow passion fruit
Authors: Costa Anne Pinheiro , Peixoto José Ricardo , Bassay Blum Luiz Eduardo , Souza Vilela Michelle , Vendrame Wagner
Published: December 2019

Bacterial spot (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae) significantly reduces yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) yield and longevity. A standard area diagram set (SADs) for severity assessment of bacterial spot on tri-lobed leaves of yellow passion was developed and validated in this study. The SADs consisted of eight severity levels (2; 4; 9; 18; 35; 58; 80; and 94%). For its validation, 20 raters, who initially estimated the disease severity without the aid of the SADs, were divided into four groups (G1 and G3, inexperienced; G2 and G4, experienced). Subsequently, G1 and G2 performed the second evaluation without the SADs, and G3 and G4 completed the second evaluation with the proposed SADs. The accuracy and precision of the assessments were determined by simple linear regression and by the Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC). The proposed SADs allowed accurate and precise quantification of bacterial spot severity, increasing the agreement between estimated and actual values. Inexperienced raters benefited the most from the use of the SADs. The increase in accuracy and precision in the non-aided groups, when present, was less pronounced than those increments observed in the SADs-aided groups. The LCCC confirmed the increases in accuracy and precision detected by the linear regression analysis.
Comparison of fat composition and chemical properties of fat extracts between fish fillets of selected warm-water and cold-water fish
Authors: Hussin Siti Nadzirah , Azlan Azrina , Khoo Hock Eng , Abdul Kadir Noor Atiqah Aizan , Razman Muhammad Rizal
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare fat composition and chemical properties of fish fillets of selected warm-water fish obtained from Straits of Malacca. A cold water fish, namely salmon was used for comparison. Moisture content, crude fat, fatty acids composition and chemical characteristics of fish fillets of Yellowstripe scad, Japanese threadfin bream and salmon were determined. Japanese threadfin bream fillet had highest moisture and crude fat contents, followed by fillets of Yellowstripe scad and salmon. A significantly strong and negative correlation was found between moisture and crude fat contents of these fish fillets. Fillets of Japanese threadfin bream and Yellowstripe scad also had higher total saturated fatty acids than total unsaturated fatty acids. Although salmon fillet had lowest percentage of saturated fatty acids, it had highest monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) compared with the two warm-water fish. Palmitic acid and oleic acid were the major fatty acids in the fish fillets. Chemical properties of the oils extracted from the warm-water fish fillets were varied compared to salmon. The selected warm-water fish fillets offer favorable fatty acids composition and chemical properties, which can potentially be used as good sources of PUFA.
Recent trends of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among saudi population in Riyadh city
Authors: Qahtany Fatmah Said Abdullah Al
Published: December 2019

G6PD deficiency is associated with erythrocyte deficiency in the X-chromosome enzyme. It causes a hematologic syndrome called hemolytic anemia that connects G6PD deficiency with X-linked condition. In the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia, G6PD deficiency is the most dominant genetic blood disorders. It results in higher rates of mortality and morbidity due to its incurable long-lasting nature and prevalence of physical and psychological incapacities. In this study, an attempt was made to evaluate the prevalence of G6PD deficiency among the Saudi population in Riyadh city. A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted at King Saud University Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The population of the study comprised randomly chosen males and females who visited the hospital from January 2017 to January 2018. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, and descriptive analysis was used to find the frequency of G6PD-deficient patients. Out of the 209 patients, 62.2% were males (n=130) and 37.8% were females (n=79). Twenty males and 6 females were found to have G6PD deficiency, with the male to female ratio being 1:3. Out of the total 130 male participants, 20 patients were found to be enzyme deficient and 6 patients of 79 female patients were found to be G6PD deficient. There were 38.4% (n=10) patients with G6PD level <4 units/gram hemoglobin, 26.9% (n=7) patients had G6PD levels of 4.1–7.0 units/gram hemoglobin, and 34.6% (n=9) patients had >7 units/gram hemoglobin. Among the G6PD patients, 23.07% patients were severely anemic, and 5 (19.2%) patients were reported to have high bilirubin. The present study revealed the G6PD prevalence to be 12.4% among the Saudi population; this value is significantly higher than that found in France, Spain, India, and Singapore. In the Saudi population, males are more vulnerable to G6PD-deficient than females. Hence, attention should be paid to G6PD-deficient patients while prescribing antimalarial medication. Such patients may be advised to avoid certain foods to minimize the risk of having hemolytic episodes.
Eu sei o que você sentiu quando assistiu a propaganda passada: convergências entre publicidade e computação afetiva
Authors: Almeida Nathalie Campagnoni de , Lucena Tiago Franklin Rodrigues
Published: December 2019

Este presente artigo apresenta o campo da Computação Afetiva e indica aplicações no campo da Comunicação, em especial Publicidade. Trata-se de uma área interdisciplinar consideravelmente recente, que emprega informática e sensores para identifi car o estado emocional do usuário. Dois experimentos mais sistematizados aplicaram sistemas afetivos nas pesquisas de comportamento do usuário e são citados como estudo de casos no texto, ambos focados nas reações e experiências de indivíduos que assistiram a propagandas. O artigo considera o contexto das redes sociais online, uma vez que se intensifi cam os parâmetros qualitativos e quantitativos para a interpretação de atividades e gostos da audiência. Por fi m, são apresentadas algumas considerações e limitações dessas pesquisas e se especula sobre a aplicação da computação afetiva em larga escala no mercado da comunicação e da publicidade.
É tarde demais para nos calar: o feminismo nas esferas públicas midiáticas
Authors: Rocha Anna Vitória Ferreira , Santos Adriana Cristina Omena
Published: December 2019

O trabalho analisou a presença do movimento feminista nas esferas públicas da sociedade, com foco na esfera pública abstrata formada pelos meios de comunicação. O corpus é composto pelo caso Think Olga ao usar a hashtag #primeiroassedio. A escolha se deu devido à repercussão obtida pela iniciativa que manifestações femininas a partir do ângulo que considera a mobilização feita por esferas públicas feministas na internet a grande catalisadora dos protestos e campanhas vivenciados no país entre 2011 e 2015. As informações são analisadas a partir do método dialético, que confronta principalmente dados históricos e contraditórios do fenômeno, e para tanto usaremos como pressupostos teóricos o arcabouço conceitual do feminisno e os conceitos de esfera pública formulados por Habermas e criticados por Nancy Fraser. Os resultados mostram que a internet se coloca como veículo que permite ao feminismo um alcance extraordinário, obtendo o interesse dos grandes veículos de comunicação, sem, no entanto, criar um novo movimento feminista.
O consumo cultural de jovens no Brasil profundo: uma experiência qualitativa na Microrregião de Propriá (SE)
Authors: Filgueiras Maria Beatriz , Freitas Suelem Lopes de , Freitas Malu de Araújo , Felizola Matheus Pereira Mattos , Gomes Vitor José Braga Mota
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar o uso do WhatsApp enquanto uma ferramenta de conversação nas mídias sociais para os jovens do Nordeste, especificamente do interior de Sergipe. A pesquisa foi realizada entre os anos de 2017 e 2019 na microrregião geográfica de Propriá, no Estado de Sergipe, e os dados que serão apresentados neste trabalho científico são oriundos da análise de conteúdo realizada a partir do método proposto por Bardin (2016) de entrevistas semi-estruturadas realizadas com 100 jovens entre 18 e 24 anos de dez cidades da região. Como reflexão teórica, o texto perpassa por Lemos, Lévy, Thompson e Recuero e pelo estado da arte de pesquisas similares com jovens imersos no processo de convergência midiática. Como resultados, percebe-se que, no contexto das entrevistas realizadas, o aplicativo de mensagens instantâneas WhatsApp é a ferramenta de comunicação mais utilizada pelos jovens entrevistados, tanto para manter relacionamentos com seus pares como para buscar informações.
Imaginarios sobre naturaleza: una experiencia con niños y niñas del barrio Londres
Authors: Bonilla Castillo Sergio Esteban
Published: December 2019

Este estudio, de tipo cualitativo descriptivo, indaga por los imaginarios sociales que sobre la naturaleza tienen niños y niñas del barrio Ciudad Londres y en el que colaboran cuatro niños y dos niñas, de 9 y 10 años. Se buscó develar las significaciones imaginarias empleando como técnicas de recolección de información un taller iconográfico y una entrevista semiestructurada. Los niños y las niñas han vivido experiencias estrechas con la naturaleza y han vivenciado prácticas tradicionales campesinas en sus hogares o su barrio, relación que les suscita emoción y alegría. La mayoría de imaginarios identificados obedece a lo instituido, alimentados por discursos provenientes de la escuela, la televisión y la familia, instituciones que influyen significativamente en la construcción de imaginarios de niños y niñas. Se evidencia, en pequeña medida, un imaginario instituyente correspondiente a la comprensión de la existencia de organizaciones ecosistémicas autónomas que no son para servicio del ser humano.
¿Qué es lo escolar? Un diálogo entre la defensa y la crítica
Authors: Neira Uneme Ángela Virginia
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo establece un diálogo sobre lo que es y debería ser la escuela y lo escolar a partir los planteamientos de Cuesta et al. en “Didáctica crítica” (2005); el trabajo de Jan Masschelein y Maarten Simons (2014) con Defensa de la escuela; Thomas Popkewitz (1994) y otros autores, en los que se evidencia una escuela inserta en las lógicas de la economía neoliberal. Aquí se ponen en evidencia acercamientos y puntos de tensión que reconocen, por un lado, lo escolar como el lugar de lo público y democrático, y por el otro, la reproducción de las desigualdades; una escuela con sentido empresarial y utilitario al servicio del mercado y una escuela que debe reinventarse y repolitizarse. Este sentido político está ligado a una responsabilidad con el mundo, que no es otra cosa que una cuestión de amor desde lo planteado por Hannah Arendt (1996) e Isabelino Siede (2007).
Aspectos psicosociales en el proceso de inclusión educativa durante la infancia intermedia
Authors: Campa Álvarez Reyna de los Ángeles , Contreras Cázarez Carlos René
Published: December 2019

El objetivo principal del presente trabajo es analizar los aspectos psicosociales: actitudes, cultura de la diversidad y práctica docente; para determinar su relación en el proceso de inclusión educativa en las escuelas primarias públicas del Estado de Sonora, México. Se empleó una metodología cuantitativa de tipo descriptivo- correlacional, se aplicó el cuestionario- escala sobre la integración e inclusión de personas con necesidades educativas y diversas (Gento, 2007), a una muestra de 285 profesores de educación primaria del Estado de Sonora, México. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó el programa estadístico SPSS, versión 21, y el programa EQS versión 6.1, obteniendo datos de fiabilidad, descriptivos, correlaciones y el modelo estructural. Los resultados indican que el modelo planteado en su conjunto predice un 64%  la inclusión educativa. Se puede concluir que las actitudes se relacionan recíprocamente con la cultura, afectando significativamente a la práctica docente; siendo elementos claves en el proceso de inclusión educativa.
Tras las huellas del aprendizaje: un proceso reflexivo sobre la infancia aprendiente
Authors: Riveros Ada Marcela González , Rodríguez Salamanca Natalia Andrea
Published: December 2019

El presente texto tiene como propósito reflexionar en torno al aprendizaje en la infancia y su relación con los procesos y experiencias vitales del niño. En primera instancia, se abordan algunas de las transformaciones que ha tenido el aprendizaje como objeto de estudio, desde la perspectiva experimental hasta los postulados de la autoorganización que resignifican la comprensión sobre el mismo. En segundo momento, se analizan desde diferentes perspectivas las prácticas que configuran el aprendizaje escolar y por último, se considera el principio de enacción propuesto por Francisco Varela para reconfigurar el acto de aprender desde la infancia, que juega y explora para desarrollar sus procesos cognitivos. En conclusión, el artículo busca ampliar la mirada sobre el aprendizaje con la intención de retornar a la sensibilidad del infante aprendiente, que desarrolla procesos de comprensión y resignificación de realidad mediante su accionar en el mundo.
Pensando en la salud de niños y niñas, el aporte desde las representaciones sociales
Authors: Cañón Rodríguez María Fernanda , Marín Daniel , Fasanelli Roberto
Published: December 2019

En este artículo se pretende analizar el concepto de salud infantil. Este ha sido un interrogante permanente y transversal para la sociedad occidental en su esfuerzo por precisar tanto el significado como sus alcances en la vivencia cotidiana, así como en la formulación de las políticas públicas que permitan una acción más acertada de los actores involucrados en su consolidación. Al ser su contraparte la enfermedad, esta figura como una de las principales preocupaciones que requiere ser comprendida y explicada para generar propuestas de solución a los problemas presentados. Los diferentes abordajes reiteran la necesidad de la participación de niños y niñas, reconociendo sus miradas, opiniones, imaginarios, representaciones, categorías emergentes y teorías construidas, las cuales a su vez se relacionan con prácticas y comportamientos cotidianos. Por tanto, ejes transformadores de la reflexión del ejercicio de la salud pública traducidos en la construcción de ciudadanía por la infancia.