bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The FMM Approach to Analyze Biomedical Signals: Theory, Software, Applications and Future
Authors: Rueda Cristina , Fernández Itziar , Larriba Yolanda , Rodríguez-Collado Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Oscillatory systems arise in the different biological and medical fields. Mathematical and statistical approaches are fundamental to deal with these processes. The Frequency Modulated Mobiüs approach (FMM), reviewed in this paper, is one of these approaches. Little known as it has been recently developed, it solves a variety of exciting questions with real data; some of them, such as the decomposition of the signal into components and their multiple uses, are of general application, others are specific. Among the exciting specific applications is the automatic interpretation of the electrocardiogram signal. In this paper, a summary of the theoretical, statistical and computational properties of the FMM approach are revised. Additionally, as a novelty, the FMM approach’s usefulness for the analysis of blood pressure signals is shown. For the latter, a new robust estimation algorithm is proposed using FMM models with restrictions. The paper ends with a view about challenges for the future.
Neuronal Modulators from the Coral-Associated Fungi Aspergillus candidus
Authors: Peng Gao-Yang , Kurtán Tibor , Mándi Attila , He Jing , Cao Zheng-Yu , Tang Hua , Mao Shui-Chun , Zhang Wen
Published: May 2021

Three new p-terphenyl derivatives, named 4″-O-methyl-prenylterphenyllin B (1) and phenylcandilide A and B (17 and 18), and three new indole-diterpene alkaloids, asperindoles E–G (22-24), were isolated together with eighteen known analogues from the fungi Aspergillus candidus associated with the South China Sea gorgonian Junceela fragillis. The structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and DFT/NMR and TDDFT/ECD calculations. In a primary cultured cortical neuronal network, the compounds 6, 9, 14, 17, 18 and 24 modulated spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations and 4-aminopyridine hyperexcited neuronal activity. A preliminary structure–activity relationship was discussed.
Hypergolic Ignition of 1,3-Cyclodienes by Fuming Nitric Acid toward the Fast and Spontaneous Formation of Carbon Nanosheets at Ambient Conditions
Authors: Chalmpes Nikolaos , Moschovas Dimitrios , Bourlinos Athanasios B. , Spyrou Konstantinos , Vasilopoulos Konstantinos C. , Avgeropoulos Apostolos , Karakassides Michael A. , Gournis Dimitrios
Published: May 2021

A hypergolic system is a combination of organic fuel and oxidizer that ignites spontaneously upon contact without any external ignition source. Although their main usage pertains to rocket bipropellants, it is only recently that hypergolics have been established from our group as a revolutionary preparative method for the synthesis of different types of carbon nanostructures depending on the organic fuel-oxidizer pair. In an effort to further enrich this concept, the present work describes new hypergolic pairs based on 1,3-cyclohexadiene and 1,3-cyclooctadiene as the organic fuels and fuming nitric acid as the strong oxidizer. Both carbon-rich compounds (ca. 90% C) share a similar chemical structure with unsaturated cyclopentadiene that is also known to react hypergolically with fuming nitric acid. The particular pairs ignite spontaneously upon contact of the reagents at ambient conditions to produce carbon nanosheets in suitable yields and useful energy in the process. The nanosheets appear amorphous with an average thickness of ca. 2 nm and containing O and N heteroatoms in the carbon matrix. Worth noting, the carbon yield reaches the value of 25% for 1,3-cyclooctadiene, i.e., the highest reported so far from our group in this context. As far as the production of useful energy is concerned, the hot flame produced from ignition can be used for the direct thermal decomposition of ammonium dichromate into Cr2O3 (pigment and catalyst) or the expansion of expandable graphite into foam (absorbent and insulator), thus demonstrating a mini flame-pyrolysis burner at the spot.
Curcumin Attenuated Neurotoxicity in Sporadic Animal Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: ELBini-Dhouib Ines , Doghri Raoudha , Ellefi Amenallah , Degrach Imen , Srairi-Abid Najet , Gati Asma
Published: May 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases leading to dementia. Despite research efforts, currently there are no effective pharmacotherapeutic options for the prevention and treatment of AD. Recently, numerous studies highlighted the beneficial effects of curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenol, in the neuroprotection. Especially, its dual antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties attracted the interest of researchers. In fact, besides its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, this biomolecule is not degraded in the intestinal tract. Additionally, CUR is able to cross the blood–brain barrier and could therefore to be used to treat neurodegenerative pathologies associated with oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. The present study aimed to assess the ability of CUR to induce neuronal protective and/or recovery effects on a rat model of neurotoxicity induced by aluminum chloride (AlCl3), which mimics the sporadic form of Alzheimer’s disease. Our results showed that treatment with CUR enhances pro-oxidant levels, antioxidant enzymes activities and anti-inflammatory cytokine production and decreases apoptotic cells in AlCl3-exposed hippocampus rats. Additionally, histopathological analysis of hippocampus revealed the potential of CUR in decreasing the hallmarks in the AlCl3-induced AD. We also showed that CUR post-treatment significantly improved the behavioral, oxidative stress and inflammation in AlCl3-exposed rats. Taken together, our data presented CUR as a nutraceutical potential through its protective effects that are more interesting than recovery ones in sporadic model of AD.
Two-Dimensional Nanograting Fabrication by Multistep Nanoimprint Lithography and Ion Beam Etching
Authors: Buhl Janek , Yoo Danbi , Köpke Markus , Gerken Martina
Published: May 2021

The application of nanopatterned electrode materials is a promising method to improve the performance of thin-film optoelectronic devices such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaics. Light coupling to active layers is enhanced by employing nanopatterns specifically tailored to the device structure. A range of different nanopatterns is typically evaluated during the development process. Fabrication of each of these nanopatterns using electron-beam lithography is time- and cost-intensive, particularly for larger-scale devices, due to the serial nature of electron beam writing. Here, we present a method to generate nanopatterns of varying depth with different nanostructure designs from a single one-dimensional grating template structure with fixed grating depth. We employ multiple subsequent steps of UV nanoimprint lithography, curing, and ion beam etching to fabricate greyscale two-dimensional nanopatterns. In this work, we present variable greyscale nanopatterning of the widely used electrode material indium tin oxide. We demonstrate the fabrication of periodic pillar-like nanostructures with different period lengths and heights in the two grating directions. The patterned films can be used either for immediate device fabrication or pattern reproduction by conventional nanoimprint lithography. Pattern reproduction is particularly interesting for the large-scale, cost-efficient fabrication of flexible optoelectronic devices.
Enhanced Hydrogen Storage Performance of MgH2 by the Catalysis of a Novel Intersected Y2O3/NiO Hybrid
Authors: Liu Yushan , Wang Shun , Li Zhenglong , Gao Mingxia , Liu Yongfeng , Sun Wenping , Pan Hongge
Published: May 2021

MgH2 is one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials due to its high hydrogen storage capacity and favorable reversibility, but it suffers from stable thermodynamics and poor dynamics. In the present work, an intersected Y2O3/NiO hybrid with spherical hollow structure is synthesized. When introduced to MgH2 via ball-milling, the Y2O3/NiO hollow spheres are crushed into ultrafine particles, which are homogenously dispersed in MgH2, showing a highly effective catalysis. With an optimized addition of 10 wt% of the hybrid, the initial dehydrogenation peak temperature of MgH2 is reduced to 277 °C, lowered by 109 °C compared with that of the bare MgH2, which is further reduced to 261 °C in the second cycle. There is ca. 6.6 wt% H2 released at 275 °C within 60 min. For the fully dehydrogenation product, hydrogenation initiates at almost room temperature, and a hydrogenation capacity of 5.9 wt% is achieved at 150 °C within 150 min. There is still 5.2 wt% H2 desorbed after 50 cycles at a moderate cyclic condition, corresponding to the capacity retention of 79.2%. The crystal structure and morphology of the Y2O3/NiO hybrid is well preserved during cycling, showing long-term catalysis to the hydrogen storage of MgH2. The Y2O3/NiO hybrid also inhibits the agglomeration of MgH2 particles during cycling, favoring the cyclic stability.
The Effect of Mean-Reverting Processes in the Pricing of Options in the Energy Market: An Arithmetic Approach
Authors: Schmeck Maren Diane , Schwerin Stefan
Published: May 2021

In this paper we study the effect that mean-reverting components in the arithmetic dynamics of electricity spot price have on the price of a call option on a swap. Our model allows for seasonal effects, spikes, and negative values of the price of electricity. We show that for sufficiently large delivery periods of the swap contract, the error that one makes by neglecting some of the mean-reverting processes affecting the spot price evolution converges to zero. The decay rate is explicitly calculated. This is achieved by exploiting the additive structure of the electricity price process in order to determine an explicit closed-form formula for the price of the call on a swap. The theoretical analysis is then illustrated via a numerical example.
Uncovering Abnormal Behavior Patterns from Mobility Trajectories
Authors: Wu Hao , Tang Xuehua , Wang Zhongyuan , Wang Nanxi
Published: May 2021

Using personal trajectory information to grasp the spatiotemporal laws of dangerous activities to curb the occurrence of criminal acts is a new opportunity and method for security prevention and control. This paper proposes a novel method to discover abnormal behaviors and judge abnormal behavior patterns using mobility trajectory data. Abnormal behavior trajectory refers to the behavior trajectory whose temporal and spatial characteristics are different from normal behavior, and it is an important clue to discover dangerous behavior. Abnormal patterns are the behavior patterns summarized based on the regular characteristics of criminals’ activities, including wandering, scouting, random walk, and trailing. This paper examines the abnormal behavior patterns based on mobility trajectories. A Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM)-based method is used to extract personal trajectory features, and the K-means clustering method is applied to extract abnormal trajectories from the trajectory dataset. Based on the characteristics of different abnormal behaviors, the spatio-temporal feature matching method is used to identify the abnormal patterns based on the filtered abnormal trajectories. Experimental results showed that the trajectory-based abnormal behavior discovery method can realize a rapid discovery of abnormal trajectories and effective judgment of abnormal behavior patterns.
AI Technology and Online Purchase Intention: Structural Equation Model Based on Perceived Value
Authors: Yin Jiwang , Qiu Xiaodong
Published: May 2021

(1) Background: AI technology has been deeply applied to online shopping platforms to provide more accurate and personalized services for consumers. It is of great significance to study the different functional experiences of AI for consumers to improve the current application status of AI technology. (2) Method: Based on the “SOR” model, this study divides the AI technology experienced by the consumers of online shopping platforms into three dimensions: accuracy, insight, and interaction experience. The perceived value is taken as the mediating variable from the prospect of perceived utility value and perceived hedonic value. This article uses empirical research methods to analyze the effect of the three dimensions of online shopping AI experience to research the internal influence mechanism of consumers’ purchase intention. (3) Results: 1. The accuracy, insight, and interaction experience of AI marketing technology each have a significant positive impact on consumers’ perceived utility value and hedonic value; 2. Both the perceived utility value and perceived hedonic value obtained by an AI technology experience can promote the formation of consumers’ purchase intention; 3. The perceived hedonic value was better than perceived utility value at promoting the consumers’ purchase intention.
Multiple Critical Points for Symmetric Functionals without upper Growth Condition on the Principal Part
Authors: Degiovanni Marco , Marzocchi Marco
Published: May 2021

This paper is concerned with variational methods applied to functionals of the calculus of variations in a multi-dimensional case. We prove the existence of multiple critical points for a symmetric functional whose principal part is not subjected to any upper growth condition. For this purpose, nonsmooth variational methods are applied.
Two New Species of the Mite Genus Stereotydeus Berlese, 1901 (Prostigmata: Penthalodidae) from Victoria Land, and a Key for Identification of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Species
Authors: Brunetti Claudia , Siepel Henk , Fanciulli Pietro Paolo , Nardi Francesco , Convey Peter , Carapelli Antonio
Published: May 2021

Two new mite species belonging to the genus Stereotydeus Berlese, 1901 were discovered from locations along the coast of Victoria Land, continental Antarctica. Previous records of this genus in the area under study only reported the presence of S. belli and S. mollis. Although those studies included no morphological analyses, it has since been assumed that only these species were present within the area. Specimens of S. ineffabilis sp. nov. and S. nunatakis sp. nov. were obtained, sometimes in sympatry, from four different localities in Central and South Victoria Land and are here described and illustrated using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Features useful for identification of the two new Stereotydeus species include the size of the specimens, the length of the apical segment of pedipalps, the presence/absence of division of the femora, the position of solenidia, the shape and disposition of the rhagidiform organs on the tarsi, the shape of the apical setae of the tarsi, the numbers of aggenital setae and the position of the anal opening. A key to 14 of the 15 currently described Antarctic and sub-Antarctic Stereotydeus species is provided.
Transcriptomic Analysis of Inbred Chicken Lines Reveals Infectious Bursal Disease Severity Is Associated with Greater Bursal Inflammation In Vivo and More Rapid Induction of Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Primary Bursal Cells Stimulated Ex Vivo
Authors: Asfor Amin S. , Nazki Salik , Reddy Vishwanatha R.A.P. , Campbell Elle , Dulwich Katherine L. , Giotis Efstathios S. , Skinner Michael A. , Broadbent Andrew J.
Published: May 2021

In order to better understand differences in the outcome of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection, we inoculated a very virulent (vv) strain into White Leghorn chickens of inbred line W that was previously reported to experience over 24% flock mortality, and three inbred lines (15I, C.B4 and 0) that were previously reported to display no mortality. Within each experimental group, some individuals experienced more severe disease than others but line 15I birds experienced milder disease based on average clinical scores, percentage of birds with gross pathology, average bursal lesion scores and average peak bursal virus titre. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that more severe disease in line W was associated with significant up-regulation of pathways involved in inflammation, cytoskeletal regulation by Rho GTPases, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling, and Wnt signaling in the bursa compared to line 15I. Primary bursal cell populations isolated from uninfected line W birds contained a significantly greater percentage of KUL01+ macrophages than cells isolated from line 15I birds (p < 0.01) and, when stimulated ex vivo with LPS, showed more rapid up-regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression than those from line 15I birds. We hypothesize that a more rapid induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in bursal cells following IBDV infection leads to more severe disease in line W birds than in line 15I.
A Synthetic Peptide CTL Vaccine Targeting Nucleocapsid Confers Protection from SARS-CoV-2 Challenge in Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Harris Paul E. , Brasel Trevor , Massey Christopher , Herst C. V. , Burkholz Scott , Lloyd Peter , Blankenberg Tikoes , Bey Thomas M. , Carback Richard , Hodge Thomas , Ciotlos Serban , Wang Lu , Comer Jason E. , Rubsamen Reid M.
Published: May 2021

Background: Persistent transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has given rise to a COVID-19 pandemic. Several vaccines, conceived in 2020, that evoke protective spike antibody responses are being deployed in mass public health vaccination programs. Recent data suggests, however, that as sequence variation in the spike genome accumulates, some vaccines may lose efficacy. Methods: Using a macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, we tested the efficacy of a peptide-based vaccine targeting MHC class I epitopes on the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein. We administered biodegradable microspheres with synthetic peptides and adjuvants to rhesus macaques. Unvaccinated control and vaccinated macaques were challenged with 1 × 108 TCID50 units of SARS-CoV-2, followed by assessment of clinical symptoms and viral load, chest radiographs, and sampling of peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid for downstream analysis. Results: Vaccinated animals were free of pneumonia-like infiltrates characteristic of SARS-CoV-2 infection and presented with lower viral loads relative to controls. Gene expression in cells collected from BAL samples of vaccinated macaques revealed a unique signature associated with enhanced development of adaptive immune responses relative to control macaques. Conclusions: We demonstrate that a room temperature stable peptide vaccine based on known immunogenic HLA class I bound CTL epitopes from the nucleocapsid protein can provide protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in nonhuman primates.
The Costs of Introducing the Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine into the National Immunization Programme in Senegal (NéoVac Study)
Authors: Gosset Andréa , Nishimwe Marie Libérée , Diallo Mamadou Yaya , Deroo Lucas , Diallo Aldiouma , Ba El Hadji , Carrieri Patrizia Maria , Sokhna Cheikh , Vray Muriel , Shimakawa Yusuke , Boyer Sylvie
Published: May 2021

Some African countries are still reluctant to introduce the hepatitis B vaccine birth dose (HepB-BD) into their expanded program of immunization (EPI), partly because of logistical, economic, and cost information constraints. To assist decision-makers in these countries, we assessed the economic and financial costs of HepB-BD introduction in Senegal in 2016. We performed a micro-costing study in a representative sample of Senegal’s EPI sites at all levels in 2018. Information on EPI and HepB-BD activity-related inputs and costs was collected using standardized questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Using inverse probability weighting, we computed weighted average costs associated with HepB-BD introduction for each EPI level, country-level aggregated costs and estimated costs per newborn. Economic and financial costs from a government perspective were estimated in US dollars for 2015, 2016 and 2017. Total economic costs were USD 143,364 in 2015, USD 759,406 in 2016 and USD 867,311 in 2017, while financial costs were USD 127,745, USD 82,519 and USD 29,853, respectively. When annualizing pre-introduction and initial training costs, the economic (financial) cost per vaccinated newborn was USD 2.10 (USD 0.30) in 2016 and USD 1.90 (USD 0.20) in 2017. Our estimates provide valuable information to implement HepB-BD in Sub-Saharan African countries that have not yet integrated this vaccine.
The Gender Impact Assessment among Healthcare Workers in the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination—An Analysis of Serological Response and Side Effects
Authors: Di Resta Chiara , Ferrari Davide , Viganò Marco , Moro Matteo , Sabetta Eleonora , Minerva Massimo , Ambrosio Alberto , Locatelli Massimo , Tomaiuolo Rossella
Published: May 2021

Healthcare professionals are considered to be at high risk of exposure and spread of SARS-CoV-2, and have therefore been considered a priority group in COVID-19 vaccination campaign strategies. However, it must be assumed that the immune response is influenced by numerous factors, including sex and gender. The analysis of these factors is an impact element for stratifying the population and targeting the vaccination strategy. Therefore, a large cohort of healthcare workers participating in the Italian vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2 has been studied to establish the impact of sex and gender on vaccination coverage using the Gender Impact Assessment approach. This study shows a significant difference in the antibody titers among different age and sex groups, with a clear decreasing trend in antibody titers in the older age groups. Overall, the serological values were significantly higher in females; the reported side effects are more frequent in females than in males. Therefore, disaggregated data point out how the evaluation of gender factors could be essential in COVID-19 vaccination strategies. On this biomedical and social basis, suggestions are provided to improve the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign in healthcare professionals. Still, they could be adapted to other categories and contexts.
Seismic Fragility Evaluation of Simply Supported Aqueduct Accounting for Water Stop’s Leakage Risk
Authors: Xiong Zhihua , Liu Chen , Zhang Aijun , Zhu Houda , Li Jiawen
Published: May 2021

Due to the demands of booming Chinese cities and the increase in urban residents, the safety of aqueduct water transportation structures is noteworthy. A lot of old aqueducts were built in the 1990s and even earlier in the last century and may become vulnerable to potential earthquakes. This paper deals with an evaluation of an aqueduct’s seismic vulnerability accounting for leakage risk. Based on the Hua Shigou aqueduct in Ningxia, a probabilistic investigation was carried out to obtain the seismic fragility using Latin hypercube sampling. In the numerical study, the superstructure and substructure of the aqueduct were modeled as beam elements, and the lumped mass method was adopted to simulate the fluid–structure interaction. The rubber water stop’s mechanical performance was studied, and its damage states were proposed. Parametric numerical models were then subjected to a set of ground motions according to incremental dynamic analysis (IDA), which contained probabilistic parameters such as water, concrete strength, and bearing performance degradation. Both the system and component levels of the old aqueduct’s seismic fragility curves were obtained. It was found that the probability of the water stop’s leakage risk is significantly elevated with the increase in ground motion.
A Study on the Influence of Suspended Matter by the Foundation Construction of Different Offshore Wind Turbines in the Taiwan Sea Area
Authors: Hsiao Sung-Shan , Wang Hsing-Yu , Chiang Yun-Chih
Published: May 2021

The objective of this study was to adequately examine potential wave fields, flow fields, and suspended load changes in different wind turbine foundations. Accordingly, this study applied the hydrodynamic model to simulate waves, currents, and suspended load in the study area. The simulation results are based on the assumption that dredging and rubble bed trimming were performed for 8 h and that the per foundation setting operation was completed in 2 h. The influence on the tripile and jacket was larger than that on the monopile, and the influence time was longer. However, due to the influence of tidal currents on the sea, the suspended load also became more acceptable than the initial concentration. From a macroscopic perspective, the different foundations did not sufficiently affect the study area. From a microscopic perspective, changes in the suspended load were only limited to areas surrounding the piles after the installation of the wind turbines.
3D–3D Computations on Submerged-Driftwood Motions in Water Flows with Large Wood Density around Driftwood Capture Facility
Authors: Kimura Ichiro , Kang Taeun , Kato Kazuo
Published: May 2021

The accumulation of driftwood during heavy rainfall may block river channels and damage structures. It is necessary to mitigate such effects by periodically capturing and removing driftwood from rivers. In this study, the behavior of driftwood in open-channel flows with a relatively large wood density was modeled numerically. The water flow and driftwood motion were solved three-dimensionally, with an Euler-type flow model coupled with a Lagrange-type driftwood motion model. A piece of driftwood was modeled as a set of connected spherical elements in a straight line for easy analysis using a discrete element method. Wood with specific gravity exceeding 1 will travel along a position near the riverbed and will be affected by bed friction. In addition, friction forces for sliding and rolling motions are considerably different. Therefore, in the numerical model, a bed friction term was introduced between the bed and driftwood considering the anisotropy of the friction force. The variation in the drag force of water flow on driftwood was also considered depending on the angle between the driftwood trunkwise direction and flow direction. The model was applied under the same conditions as those used in a laboratory experiment on driftwood behavior around an inlet-type driftwood capture facility. The computational results showed that the proposed model could qualitatively reproduce the driftwood behavior around the capture facility. The secondary flow patterns at the approaching reach and the capture ratio were found to be strongly affected by the turbulence model and the Manning roughness coefficient.
A Geographical Information Approach for Forest Maintenance Operations with Emphasis on the Drainage Infrastructure and Culverts
Authors: Kantartzis Apostolos , Malesios Chrisovalantis , Stergiadou Anastasia , Theofanous Nikolas , Tampekis Stergios , Arabatzis Garyfallos
Published: May 2021

Forest operations engineering deals with all the essential infrastructure operations aiming at the efficient management of forested areas, which constitutes a prerequisite for the development of mountainous economies. Thus, the need for addressing this objective in an effective way, in conjunction with other issues associated with the protection and preservation of forest wealth, is of utmost importance. There are a whole range of forest operations for which a decision-making web-tool can potentially be utilized. This paper introduces an online decision-making tool for managing forest roads, which uses information derived from rainfall-runoff simulation. The proposed tool can be used to provide information about forest works maintenance and damage prevention in a forest environment. Furthermore, the tool assists in visualizing forest operations and achieves the optimization of their management. The development of the decision-making tool is also described, and a real case study (the Koupa watershed) is presented in detail to demonstrate its application and resulting advantages. The rainfall-runoff simulation was conducted for ten sub-basins in order to evaluate the efficiency of the corresponding culverts in the Koupa watershed.
Narrativas sobre el desarrollo en la primera infancia.
Authors: Paz Landeira Florencia
Published: May 2021

En Argentina y en la región, se observa un proceso de expansión de políticas e iniciativas en torno al desarrollo en la primera infancia como un eje de la protección social. Este proceso supone la intersección compleja de narrativas asociadas a la inversión social y el capital humano, las neurociencias y los derechos de niños, niñas y adolescentes. En este artículo, indago desde una perspectiva etnográfica en los usos políticos y estratégicos que despliegan actores e instituciones posicionados de forma variable y anclados en diversas trayectorias y saberes que intervienen en la producción de estas políticas. El carácter disputado de estos usos y los contradictorios procesos de institucionalización restituyeron el carácter político de estas narrativas que apelan a lenguajes con pretensión de neutralidad. La primera infancia, entonces, se demarca, antes que como un mero objeto de intervención técnica, como un nodo de disputas políticas y epistémicas.
Shearlet-Based Structure-Aware Filtering for Hyperspectral and LiDAR Data Classification
Authors: Jia Sen , Zhan Zhangwei , Xu Meng
Published: May 2021

The joint interpretation of hyperspectral images (HSIs) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data has developed rapidly in recent years due to continuously evolving image processing technology. Nowadays, most feature extraction methods are carried out by convolving the raw data with fixed-size filters, whereas the structural and texture information of objects in multiple scales cannot be sufficiently exploited. In this article, a shearlet-based structure-aware filtering approach, abbreviated as ShearSAF, is proposed for HSI and LiDAR feature extraction and classification. Specifically, superpixel-guided kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) is firstly adopted on raw HSIs to reduce the dimensions. Then, the KPCA-reduced HSI and LiDAR data are converted to the shearlet domain for texture and area feature extraction. In contrast, superpixel segmentation algorithm utilizes the raw HSI data to obtain the initial oversegmentation map. Subsequently, by utilizing a well-designed minimum merging cost that fully considers spectral (HSI and LiDAR data), texture, and area features, a region merging procedure is gradually conducted to produce a final merging map. Further, a scale map that locally indicates the filter size is achieved by calculating the edge distance. Finally, the KPCA-reduced HSI and LiDAR data are convolved with the locally adaptive filters for feature extraction, and a random forest (RF) classifier is thus adopted for classification. The effectiveness of our ShearSAF approach is verified on three real-world datasets, and the results show that the performance of ShearSAF can achieve an accuracy higher than that of comparison methods when exploiting small-size training sample problems. The codes of this work will be available at
http://jiasen.tech/papers/
for the sake of reproducibility.
Relationship Between Environmental Management Policy and the Local Wisdom of Indigenous Peoples in the Handling of COVID-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Wahyu
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to understand the concept of local wisdom (Indonesian term: kearifan local) from the perspective of Indonesian indigenous peoples (Indonesian term: masyarakat adat) in handling COVID-19 and environmental management policies. In this article, use normative legal research methods, empirical data based on developments in policy and media in Indonesia, and qualitative analysis. The findings of this study are first, constructing local wisdom of Indonesian indigenous peoples in environmental management and handling of COVID-19, based on the teachings of their ancestors and based on the customary calendar as a reference; second, build partnerships related to environmental policies and indigenous peoples by considering the balance of nature and changes in human behavior through local wisdom to reduce carbon emissions during a pandemic. The author is interested in this research because there is an integration of local wisdom of Indonesian indigenous peoples in environmental policies and handling COVID-19.
Pemodelan Numerik Perilaku Lentur Dan Defleksi Elemen Balok Ferrogeopolymer
Authors: Ebenheazar Bill J. , Cornelis Remigildus , Simatupang Partogi H.
Published: May 2021

Ferro-gepolymer is a type of thin-wall reinforced element constructed of geopolymer cement mortar reinforced with closely spaced relatively small diameter mesh in layers. In this investigation, the flexural and the deflection behavior of the ferro-geopolymer beams were determined numerically and the results compared to the experimental values. All the experimental material properties adopted for numerical modeling. The numerical model of all the five beams was 600 mm effective span, 100 mm width, and 100 mm height. Each specimen of the beam model having different layers of wire mesh that are 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11. The results showed that the greater the number of layers, the variation between numerical and experimental results follows the same path without much difference. The numerical result showed that the greater the number of layers, the strength was increases but insignificant.
Kajian Hypothetical Learning Trajectories dalam Pembelajaran Matematika di Tingkat SMP
Authors: Hendrik Agnes Ivana , Ekowati Christine K , Samo Damianus D
Published: May 2021

Mathematics learning in this era requires teachers to be able to develop learning models that pay attention to the characteristics of students, so it is important for teachers to know learning trajectory. This study aims to describe the conception of learning trajectory and hypothetical learning trajectory, as well as presenting the design of hypothetical learning trajectories in mathematics learning. Based on the theories studied, it is concluded that hypothetical learning trajectory is a learning design in the form of allegations on student learning activities based on initial understanding and characteristics of students to achieve higher understanding. HLT has three main components namely learning objectives, learning activities, and hypotheses of the learning process. HLT is used by teachers as a guide to predict and prepare learning flow designs that are appropriate to the stages of student thinking and can improve student learning outcomes. The findings of previous studies show that to design HLT in mathematics learning, educators need to consider student obstacle learning, a hierarchy of material, and learning support capacity, so that learning activities to be hypothesized are built based on these things. It is recommended that future researchers can use the existing HLT, and also develop HLT in other materials that have not been tested by further studying HLT and whatever affects it, research with different differences can be used.
When Words Collide
Authors: Farouk-Alli Aslam
Published: May 2021

The conflict between Islam and the West is rooted in contrasting worldviews that are informed by alternative moral underpinnings and differing existential implications. Furthermore, engagement between the Islamic and western paradigms is defined by imbalanced power relations in which the subaltern Islamic paradigm is pressured into conformance by the dominant western modernist paradigm. Using the issue of freedom of expression as an entry point, this article examines the contrasting cultural conduits that define each community by outlining the main tropes of their worldviews. It therefore attempts to suggest an alternative engagement between Islam and the West, one that emphasizes convergence over conflict.
Islamic Awakening and Its Role in Islamic Solidarity in Malaysia
Authors: Abd. Rahman Saodah , Nurallah Abu Sadat
Published: May 2021

The Islamic Awakening in Malaysia has brought about the consciousness of adopting and practicing the Islamic way of life. The process of implementing the principles of Islam is based on a gradual evolutionary process, rather than a drastic approach. Therefore, the selective implementation of Islamic law has been carried out relatively smoothly. For that reason, various institutions have been established ‒ such as, Islamic universities, Islamic banking and insurance companies, and other Islamic organizations and institutions. The case studies in this article related to Malaysia are: The Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Angkatan Belia Islam Malaysia – ABIM (Malaysian Islamic Youth Movement), and some Islamic institutions, which play important roles in the Islamic Awakening and solidarity in Malaysia. The PAS and ABIM are the prominent Islamic parties and movements, respectively, which can be regarded as the driving force behind the Islamic Awakening in Malaysia. Based on a tridimensional perspective ‒ that is, socioeconomic well-being and the strength of the expansion of Islamic education, and political stability ‒ this study highlights the accomplishment of Islamic Awakening in Malaysia.
Articulating “Responsibility” as a Prerequisite for the Arab Spring
Authors: Elewa Ahmed
Published: May 2021

In delineating the causes behind nonmilitant uprising and revolution in the Middle East, I propose that the import, the Arabization and Islamization of the term responsibility, as a key catalyst. Although the concept of responsibility is fundamental to the message of Islam, it is alluded to by an assortment of terms that seem to have fallen out of the day-to-day vernacular of Arab communities. The adoption of the term mas’uliyyah has served to express this fundamental concept. Furthermore, given its origin in post-Enlightenment Western political philosophy, the term provides a rare conceptual bridge between regions termed Western and Middle Eastern, in addition to being a linguistic vehicle capable of coarticulating modern Western and traditional Islamic thoughts. In this article, I trace the Arabization and Islamization of the term responsibility to nineteenth-century nahDah literature and its current establishment in different Islamic currents and schools. Moreover, I explain the utility of the term to express authentically Islamic vocabulary that has been forsaken in political terminology of the past two centuries.I propose that the presence of this now familiar term was instrumental in articulating the necessity of political change in a manner that resonated with millions of Arabs educated according to a modern Western model of education. Finally, I predict that the term responsibility will allow for a “new kinda fiqh” appropriate for an activated citizenry.
Awareness of Islam in the Post-9/11 American Workplace
Authors: Kaifi Belal A. , Mujtaba Bahaudin G.
Published: May 2021

Political unrest in Islamic nations, worldwide terrorist attacks, and the western media’s coverage of these events might be contributing to a distorted and biased perception of Muslims. This article analyzes the responses of vocational college instructors to a nineteenquestion survey regarding Islam. It was intended to evaluate the 100 participants’ knowledge and understanding of Islam in the aftermath of the 9/11 tragedy. An evaluation of their answers suggested that the majority of them lacked basic knowledge about Islam. Although some of the responses indicated that the instructors would treat Muslim students with sensitivity, only a few understood how to respond to certain classroom situations. The results show that vocational instructors urgently need diversity training programs that focus on the similarities, as opposed to the minor differences, of views and religions. Interpersonal training should address the importance of respecting differences in the workforce by emphasizing professionalism and conflict management techniques. Training implications are presented and explored.
Honor-related Violence in the Context of Patriarchy, Multicultural Politics, and Islamophobia after 9/11
Authors: Altınbaş Nihan
Published: May 2021

Many women are exposed to domestic and/or sexual violence by their family members on a global scale, forced to marry before reaching maturity, mutilated for the sake of preserving their chastity, and deprived of their right to education and of any inheritance rights. Honor-related violence is an extreme, worldwide form of violence that after 9/11 has been increasingly associated with Islam, as if it were perpetrated only by Muslims living either in diaspora communities or in Muslim-majority countries. This stereotyping has lent ideological support to unequal power relations that have been shaped mainly by western economic interests since colonialism. This essay contextualizes honor-related violence in relation to patriarchy and a society’s economic wellbeing, to migratory experience in terms of multicultural politics and, finally, to critiques its use in post-9/11 misrepresentations of Islam. It argues that unequal power relations and patriarchal domination, as opposed to religion, shape this global phenomenon.
Aktivitas Anti-Inflamasi Bawang Hitam (Allium sativum L.)
Authors: Salsabila Qotrunnada , Busman Hendri
Published: May 2021

pengantar: Inflamasi merupakan serangkaian proses bawaan non-spesifik yang diaktifkan oleh tubuh sebagai respon terhadap invasi asing, kerusakan jaringan, atau keduanya. Tujuan: mengetahui aktivitas anti-inflamasi bawang hitam. Metode: menggunakan studi literatur dari jurnal-jurnal nasional dan internasional dengan meringkas topik diskusi dan membandingkan hasilnya dalam artikel. Hasil: Bawang hitam memiliki aktivitas anti-inflamasi melalui komponen bioaktifnya S-allylcystein, polifenol, dan flavonoid serta dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif agen anti-inflamasi dalam fitofarmaka. Kesimpulan; Proses fermentasi yang dilakukan dengan perlakuan panas pada kelembapan tertentu pada bawang putih akan menghasilkan sebuah produk akhir berupa bawang hitam atau aged black garlic
El efecto de la expansión educativa sobre la distribución del ingreso de los asalariados en México: 1977-1984
Authors: Vera y Ferrer Gabriel , Boné José Antonio
Published: May 2021

Durante muchos años, la sociedad mexicana en su conjunto, ha hecho un gran esfuerzo para otorgarle más escolaridad al mayor número de personas posible. Por razones estructurales, este proceso se ha ido reflejando cada vez más en la escolaridad de los trabajadores , particularmente de los más jóvenes. Por la misma razón, las personas que por primera vez buscan trabajo, tienen más educación. En este trabajo se intenta responder a la pregunta ¿Cuál es el efecto sobre la distribución del ingreso de una oferta de mano de obra cada vez con más escolaridad
Esquemas de reestructuración de pasivos ante diversos escenarios de tasas de interés y de inflación
Authors: Sánchez Arroyo Abdón
Published: May 2021

En economías con alta inflación los esquemas tradicionales de amortización de crédito resultan en un pago acelerado del capital en términos reales. Para evitar esto último, en la década de los 80s se diseñaron esquemas de amortización de pagos crecientes, que se fijaban de antemano. Ejemplos de estos esquemas son los "créditos aficorcados" que garantizan pagos constantes a valor presente, los esquemas de crédito para la vivienda que garantizan pagos constantes en términos de la tasa salarial, y finalmente los esquemas de pago que garantizan amortizaciones reales determinadas. En este artículo se discuten diversos esquemas de liquidación de créditos incluyendo los arriba mencionados, con el objetivo de proporcionar mecanismos de reestructuración de la cartera crediticia del sistema bancario nacional, lo cual puede llegar a ser necesario debido a las altas tasas de interés que imperan en el mercado nacional hoy en día. Además, se introduce un esquema de pago que en términos generales engloba a todos los esquemas de pagos descritos con anterioridad y que en situaciones como la que hoy atraviesa la economía mexicana puede ser de gran utilidad en las tareas de reestructuración de la deuda tanto interna como externa.
PERIPHERAL ODONTOGENIC FIBROMA: MIMICKING GINGIVAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: A RARE CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: Pasalkar Lavanya , Bhujbal Prathamesh , Sonawane Shrutika , Khare Vikram
Published: May 2021

In neoplasms Peripheral Odontogenic Tumors(POT) are one of the rare to occur on gingiva, among them, Peripheral
Odontogenic Fibroma (POdF) is the most common. A plethora of lesions sharing similar clinical features, makes the
diagnosis difcult. POdF is a benign, slow-growing, smooth, exophytic, painless lesion but it may show diverse clinical presentation as
erythematous, lobulated, rapidly growing mass which might be tender on palpation overlapping the features with various inammatory gingival
conditions to even a gingival squamous cell carcinoma.This results into diagnostic enigma. Histopathologoical examination plays a vital role in
these type of cases. Discussed here is a case of POdF mimicking gingival squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathological investigation showed
presence of odontogenic epithelium and dystrophic calcication which are the pathognomonic features of POdF. After surgical removal,POdF is
seen to recur but, the exact recurrence rate cannot be estimated due to scarcity of reported cases.
LIVED EXPERIENCES OF NURSES WITH COVID-19 CARE IN INDIA: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY
Authors: Ganapathy Meena , J Mathews Shailaja M , Bhambid Nupoor , Jadhav Ujwala , Awate Dipali , Sutar Ashwini
Published: May 2021

Background: In India in March 2020, the Covid-19 started spreading rapidly, bringing pressure and challenges to nursing
staff as frontline health care workers. To explore the lived experiences of nurse Objective: s with Covid-19 patient care.
Methods: Using a phenomenological approach, 25 nurses were selected as samples. The Results: lived experience of nurses caring for Covid-19
patients is summarized into 4 themes; the second theme was the negative emotions experienced by them with ve subthemes in the third theme, we
found them gaining control with subthemes and in the nal fourth theme of growing under pressure, we found three subthemes. Though initially,
they struggled with this experience with their perseverance and dedication they slowly gained control of the situation and emerged with the
meaning of this experience and insight. Coping styles, new team, and psychological Conclusion: growth played an important role in providing
meaning to their new role of warrior.
IS ONLINE LEARNING A BETTER ALTERNATIVE TO TRADITIONAL TEACHING FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS - A STUDY IN LIGHT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Majumdar Arijit , Biswas Soumali , Mondal Tanushree
Published: May 2021

Aim And Objective: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused an unprecedented disruption in
medical education and healthcare systems worldwide. In India, responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in medical
education resulted in closures of medical colleges and adoption of online teaching-learning methods, which is challenging for both faculty and
students. Rising concerns among students urged to evaluate strength and weakness of ongoing online teaching and learning methods. The
objective of the study was to nd out the perceptions of students regarding E-learning during lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at IPGME & R Kolkata. A sample size of 600 was calculated. MBBS students of all
levels participated in this study. A Google questionnaire was developed and was validated by Medical education unit of the college. The Google
questionnaire was mailed to the students. The data was transferred to excel sheet and analysis was done on various parameters to derive
descriptive statistics between classroom teaching and online teaching
Results: Total 600responses were received. 340 (56.7%) males and 260(43.3%) females participated in the study. 41.7% students use mobile
phones as their gadgets for E- learning and 33.3% use laptops followed by desktop (16.7%) and tablet (8.3%) Overall only 10 % students
preferred to use only E- learning. 50% students preferred classical didactic learning. And 40% preferred a combination of classical ofine and E -
learning as useful method of learning.
Conclusions: Students did not prefer E- learning over classroom learning. They admit the usefulness of E -learning. But, classroom learning
with rational use of E -learning is preferred by the students.