bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Biological Activity of Litsea monopetala From Panchthar District of Nepal
Authors: Khanal Subash , Bhatt Bishan Datt
Published: December 2020

The Panchthar, a hilly district of Eastern Nepal, has several medicinal plants which are used by indegenous people for the treatments of different diseases. In the present work, phytochemical and biological activities of hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol extracts of Litsea monopetala leaves from the Pachthar district were analyzed. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of major secondary metabolites like flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, glycosides, and proteins. The antibacterial activity was estimated by the disc diffusion method against Bacillus substilus and Escherichia coli. The result showed that ethyl acetate extract exhibit the highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) value of 18 mm/disc. Acetone extract also showed significant antibacterial activity at the concentration of 100 mg/mL. Antioxidant activity from DPPH radical scavenging assay displayed the inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of dried methanol and acetone extracts were 30.74 μg/mL and 202.86 μg/mL, respectively. The methanol extract has the highest total phenolic content of 360.14 mg GAE/g extract and the highest total flavonoid content of 27.13 mg QE/g extract. The present study revealed that Litsea monopetala plant from the Panchthar district is a source of several bioactive substances and can be used in several drugs formulation.
Supporting Youth Employment through Vocational Training Programs in Nepal
Authors: Bhatta Kushmakar
Published: December 2020

The effect of globalization on human capital development is decisive. A country that lacks the means to compete in global market is often left behind. A key contributor in this regard is the knowledge, skills and positive attitude of the workforce. Education and skills therefore are the driving forces of social development and economic growth of any country. The first Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) is to end poverty in all forms by 2030 and for that there is major focus on education and productive employment. SDG-4 focuses on people's access to modern and quality education, which also indicates the need of vocational education and trainings. Similarly, the SDG-8 is to promote sustained economic growth, higher levels of productivity and technological innovation which indicated the need of TVET for productive employment and economic growth. Therefore, employment level of the working age group people, its composition and the growth in employment opportunities appeared as the critical indicator of the development process in any economy. The present paper attempts to highlight the positive effects that was contributed by the Vocational Education and Training (VET) programs in socio-economic development of large number of disadvantaged and unemployed population of Nepal.  Primary data and information collected from the purposively sampled respondents- 405 VET graduates who after training are employed in their occupational sector. The study including field observation was conducted in 2016 to obtain qualitative information that helps to establish the relationship between vocational training and employment of the trained youth. The finding of this study revealed that VET plays positive role in employment and income growth. However, it concludes with the recommendation that the participants need post training support to become a functional VET and to get a sustainable and decent employment in the labor market.
Necessity of Knowledge Management Practices in TVET Projects in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Devendra
Published: December 2020

Unemployed youths in Nepal have been receiving vocational training through different projects with the support of international donor communities. Many of these projects simply meet their objectives by fulfilling the quotas of the training participants. There are some TVET projects in Nepal, which do not have priorities in sharing the learning and good practices that were gained during their implementation period due to the lack of Knowledge Management (KM) and disseminating mechanism. The purposes of this article are (i) to disseminate some activities and learnings gained by a Technical Education and Vocational Training (TVET) Project in Nepal which trained nearly 3000 youths from 2012-2016, and (ii) tracing out the importance of the KM practices in every TVET projects. This is a case study research in which secondary information such as the review of the project documents and the reflections of the author as a practitioner-scholar have been used as data. The findings of this research reveal that every TVET project in Nepal has gathered vast sources of knowledge and data. These learning will be beneficial to other forthcoming projects of similar nature. If these data and knowledge are shared among other TEVT project's, then huge financial resources of the state will also be saved. This research article could help us to consider about the importance of KM system in TVET projects.
Empowering Tharu and Bote Women Through Vocational Skills: A Case of Amaltari Homestay
Authors: Newpane Surya Prasad
Published: December 2020

Tharu and Bote are indigenous groups of Nepal. They have been surviving by using their traditional skills and indigenous knowledge. However, at present, they have gradually started shifting their survival skills for their economic and socio-cultural development. Homestay is one such initiation and women’s role in particular has been vital to this initiation which is usually unnoticed in the society. In connection to this, this paper incorporates the stories of women who uses their vocational skills to run a homestay in their community. For this, a qualitative approach was used and Amaltari homestay which is run by the Tharu and Bote of Nawalparasi was selected as the research site. Several rounds of interactions with owners of the homestay, group discussion with community people and observation were used to collect information. The study found that the women of Tharu and Bote community in Amaltari homestay village have been using their skills in the area of hospitality, cooking traditional foods and crafting bamboo and wooden goods that can be sold to the guests as souvenir. Furthermore, they have been able to keep financial records of their business as well. In this sense, the homestay has significantly contributed to the indigenous practice and has been supportive in uplifting the Tharu and Bote women socially and culturally by using the traditionally learned vocational skills.
Antibiogram of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk sold in Kathmandu district
Authors: Rai Shyamala , Karki Barsha , Humagain Sujita , Rimal Sandesh , Adhikari Sandhya , Adhikari Shilpa , Thapa Suchitra
Published: December 2020

The emergence of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms and the presence of such isolates in milk pose a great risk to public health. Therefore, this study aims to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and assess the microbial quality of milk. For this, a total of 70 milk samples were collected and the total bacterial count (TBC) was determined. E. coli and S. aureus were isolated using their respective selective media while antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method. The TBC showed that the raw milk samples contained two-fold higher microbial load while the pasteurized milk samples contained four-fold higher microbial loads than the standard guidelines. A total of 62 isolates were identified from culture-positive milk samples of which 32 were E. coli and 30 were S. aureus. A significant correlation was observed between microbial load and the organism isolated (r = 0.339, p<0.01). All S. aureus isolates were susceptible to Chloramphenicol while 40% were resistant to Cefoxitin, indicating the presence of Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Also, 12 multidrug resistant (MDR) S. aureus were identified. While for E. coli, all were susceptible to Chloramphenicol but resistant to Ampicillin. Also, 9 MDR E. coli were detected. Higher resistance was observed among isolates from the raw milk samples than the pasteurized milk. It can be concluded that the milk produced by small-scale farms and dairy industries of Kathmandu district are of poor quality. Hence, routine microbial quality assessment and antimicrobial resistance monitoring should be followed to safeguard public health.
The objectives and legal instruments of Municipal Waste Management in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Dufala Martin
Published: December 2020

In particular, two types of data are important for assessing the state of waste management in each Member State of the European Union — first, the amount of the waste generated per capita annually and waste recovery rate, second, the rate of waste disposal in accordance with the waste hierarchy. The latest available statistics on the amount of waste generated per capita are for 2018. While the European Union average is 492 kg of municipal waste produced per capita for 2018, the Slovak Republic’s waste production is slightly less than that, with an average of 414 kg of municipal waste produced per capita for 2018. On the other hand, Denmark with 766 kg of municipal waste produced per capita annually is at the bottom of the European Union ranking. The Czech Republic with 351 kg and Poland with 329 kg of municipal waste produced per capita on the average annually for the same period are in better position than Slovak Republic. Another important data for the evaluation of the state of municipal waste management is the rate of recovery of municipal waste, alternatively — the municipal waste recycling rate. Within this scope, the Slovak Republic performs considerably worse, both regarding the waste management objectives and in comparison with the European Union average, or in comparison with remaining Member States. While the average recycling rate of municipal waste in the European Union was 47.0% in 2018, the Slovak Republic recycled only 36.3% of municipal waste in 2018. The situation within this scope in the Czech Republic/Czechia (34.5%) and Poland (34.3%) were similar. Germany achieved the highest municipal waste recycling rate in 2018, up to 67.3%. Directly related to the rate of the municipal waste recovery is the high rate of waste disposal, especially in the form of landfill, which was in the Slovak Republic in 2018 amounted to 55.0%. Despite the high rate of landfill, we can speak of a reduction in the landfill rate of municipal waste compared to previous years. From the foregoing data of selected indicators of the average recycling rate of municipal waste, it can be deduced that the system of municipal waste management in the Slovak Republic is obviously flawed, in as much as municipal waste management lacks long-term management in accordance with the waste hierarchy. The said deficiency may result either from insufficient legislation pertaining to this area or failure in terms of its enforcement.
Komentarz do art. 22—23 ustawy z dnia 9 czerwca 2011 r. Prawo geologiczne i górnicze
Authors: Lipiński Aleksander
Published: December 2020

According to art. 22 of the GMA mining and geological licences, depending on the kind and place of the activity, are granted by the minister in charge of the environment, the head of the poviat or the marshal of the voivodship. The grant of the licence always must be preceded by cooperation with the authorities determined in art. 23 (like the President of National Atomic Energy Agency, the head of the local community, authorities responsible for the water management etc.). Depending on the kind of the licence or place of the activity, the „cooperating authorities” are consulting the draft of the licence (opinion) or the draft has to be agreed with them. Unfortunately, in most situations the premises determining results of such cooperation are very unclear. The result of such cooperation may be controlled by the administrative court.
Pojęcie wydobywania kopalin ze złóż w kontekście prawa wodnego
Authors: Radecki Gabriel
Published: December 2020

W ostatnim numerze „Prawnych Problemów Górnictwa i Ochrony Środowiska” Sebastian Wójcik-Jackowski w interesujący sposób zajął się problematyką podwójnej reglamentacji przez przepisy ustaw z dnia 9 czerwca 2011 r. — Prawo geologiczne i górnicze oraz z dnia 20 lipca 2017 r. — Prawo wodne działalności polegającej na wydobywaniu z wód powierzchniowych kamieni, żwiru, piasku i innych materiałów, dalej dla uproszczenia określanych także jako kruszywa. Działalność ta może być mianowicie postrzegana zarówno jako wydobywanie kopalin ze złóż w rozumieniu pierwszej z powołanych ustaw, która podlega przewidzianym przez nią wymogom, m.in. łączącym się z obowiązkiem uzyskaniakoncesji, jak i jako korzystanie z wód, mogące wymagać pozwolenia wodnoprawnego. S. Wójcik-Jackowski już w punkcie wyjścia swoich rozważań nawiązał zarazem do wcześniejszego artykułu, jaki ukazał się na ten temat na łamach PPGiOŚ, podając w wątpliwość przyjęte w nim założenie, że kruszywa stanowią złoże kopaliny. Podsumowując natomiast swój wywód, przyznał, że zagadnienie pozostaje nadal otwarte, co można potraktować jako zaproszenie do dalszej dyskusji i do jej kontynuacji w kolejnym opracowaniu, składającym się już przez to na cykl publikacji naświetlających zagadnienie z różnych perspektyw i wyodrębniających się w zwarty wątek tematyczny, jaki Czytelnik PPGiOŚ mógłby prześledzić. Stanowisko S. Wójcika-Jackowskiego, które nie budzi zastrzeżeń, zwłaszcza jeśli chodzi o analizę przepisów Prawa wodnego i specjalistycznychkwestii hydrologicznych, skłania zaś do dalszych refleksji, szczególnie z punktu widzenia Prawa geologicznego i górniczego. Refleksje te, ze względu na przedstawioną tezę wyjściową, negującą — jak się okaże, w przeważającym stopniu słusznie — uznanie materiałów wydobytych z wód za złoża kopalin, muszą mieć charakter głównie terminologiczny i koncentrować się na wyjaśnieniu treści i zakresu pojęć, które w istocie mają zasadnicze znaczenie dla zastosowania do określonej działalności przepisów Prawa geologicznego i górniczego regulujących wydobycie kopalin ze złóż. Zależy to bowiem od ustalenia po pierwsze, że przedmiotem działalności jest kopalina, po drugie że kopalina znajduje się w złożu i po trzecie — że działalność polega na wydobyciu. Dopiero wówczas można też rozstrzygać ewentualną kolizję pomiędzy Prawem geologicznym i górniczym a Prawem wodnym, która wchodzi przecież w rachubę jedynie wtedy, gdy dany stan faktyczny wyczerpuje hipotezy przepisów zamieszczonychw obu tych aktach prawnych. Problem zbiegu tych przepisów w rozpatrywanej materii powstaje wszak, gdy jedna działalność może być kwalifikowana jednocześnie jako korzystanie z wód i wydobywanie kopalin ze złóż. W opracowaniu zostaną omówione trzy przywołane wyżej pojęcia, z niezbędnym uwzględnieniem Prawa wodnego. Wcześniej jednak, tytułem krótkiego wprowadzenia merytorycznego, przedstawienia wymaga problem, który S. Wójcik-Jackowski zamierzał rozstrzygnąć, i wcześniejsze próby podejmowane w doktrynie w tym zakresie. Pozwoli to ocenić, czy i w jakim stopniu problem ten został rozwiązany.
W stronę hermeneutyki postantropocentrycznej
Authors: Szaj Patryk
Published: December 2020

The author of the article asks whether it is possible to practice post-anthropocentric hermeneutics. He expresses the need for opening the hermeneutic thought to the problem of what is non-human, especially in the context of contemporary diagnoses of the Anthropocene, climate crisis, ecological crisis, etc. Such a postanthropocentric correction of hermeneutics is possible due to the notion of “understanding” which can be extended towards understanding of non-human others and towards understanding with non-human others. This coincides with insights which have been formulated within animal studies, ecocriticism, posthumanism, etc. In order to make such an extension happen, however, a biopolitical correction of hermeneutics is also required, which would restore the hermeneutic subject to the biological and material life.
Why Does the Seal Exist? Teleology in the Present-Day Human Relation to Animals
Authors: Węsławski Jan Marcin
Published: December 2020

Teleologia – wywodzące się od czasów starożytnych przekonanie, że wszystkie gatunki istnieją w określonym celu (Stwórca powołał je do życia, nadając im role), ma się zdumiewająco dobrze we współczesnej szkolnej edukacji i praktyce zarządzania środowiskiem. Prowadzi to do przyjęcia założenia o człowieku jako „dobrym ogrodniku”, który wybiera gatunki pożyteczne i usuwa szkodliwe, planując i egzekwując ich liczebność oraz obszar występowania. Tego rodzaju podejście jest w sprzeczności ze współczesną wiedzą o plastyczności gatunków i ekosystemów, które zmieniają się na skutek złożonych zjawisk przyrodniczych. W efekcie powstaje konflikt pomiędzy tymi, którzy chcą chronić wybrane gatunki z powodu tego, że spełniają one określoną funkcję, którą my lub Stwórca im nadaliśmy (dostarczają dobra lub usługi ekosystemowe), oraz tymi, którzy chcą chronić Przyrodę dla niej samej.
Niepokojący wizerunek konia na wybranych przykładach literatury niemieckojęzycznej – symbolika i znaczenie
Authors: Głuszko-Boczoń Estera
Published: December 2020

Literature usually represents a horse as a loyal companion of a man, a noble and intelligent animal. The image of a horse in some works, however, relies on their mystery, it evokes anxiety, fear. It symbolizes an internal unease or a drive to escape. Sometimes a horse is equated to the messenger of death; it personifies dark, incomprehensible forces that cannot be understood by a human mind. This aspect of the unexplored equine nature in Germanlanguage literature is addressed in this study.
Of Horses and Men. Symbolic Value of Horses in Icelandic Art
Authors: Konopka Emiliana
Published: December 2020

Konie stanowią jeden z najpopularniejszych tematów w sztuce islandzkiej. Figura konia islandzkiego (Icelandera) może być intepretowana jako część tożsamości narodowej Islandczyków: od czasów osiedlenia Islandii, konie były obecne podczas budowania państwa oraz tworzenia narodu. Stąd poniższy tekst przedstawia symboliczne znaczenie konia w Islandii poprzez przyjrzenie się dwóm strefom: sacrum (wierzenia oraz mitologia nordycka) i profanum (praca, życie codzienne). Motyw konia rozpatrywany jest tutaj zarówno w tradycyjnych przedstawieniach (w sztuce i literaturze), jak również we współczesnej narracji sztuk wizualnych (malarstwa i filmu). Wywód oparty jest na (ko)relacji konia i człowieka w Islandii, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem tego jak człowiek traktował i przedstawiał konia, oraz jak blisko żyły ze sobą te dwa gatunku na przestrzeni lat.
Arbeitsrechtliche Fragen zur Telearbeit in Corona-Zeiten
Authors: Luzer Thomas
Published: December 2020

Dieser Beitrag gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die arbeitsrechtliche Situation in Zusammenhang mit Telearbeit. Besonders die aktuellen Gegebenheiten in der Corona-Krise werden kursorisch aufgezeigt. Dabei werden die im Bibliotheksleben auftretenden unterschiedlichen Beschäftigungsformen berücksichtigt.
Szósta reforma państwa: zmiana sposobu kształtowania składu Senatu jako element ewolucji federalizmu w Królestwie Belgii
Authors: Jackiewicz Andrzej
Published: December 2020

Analysis of the direction of changes in the composition of the Senate indicates that the political idea is to shape the Senate according to the most common model of a second chamber in federal states, formed by federal entities and limited in their competence to matters that are most important from the point of view of the entire federation and the interests of federal entities. The future of the Senate will depend on the activity and functioning of this chamber, especially if it turns out to be a functional bridge of communication between the entities of the federation, which is probably the most serious Belgian political challenge.
Integral assessment and normative scales for assessing indicators of special physical fitness of basketball players at the stage of preliminary basic training
Authors: Mitova O. , Ivchenko O.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the development of integrated assessment and normative scales for assessing the indicators of special physical fitness of basketball players at the stage of preliminary basic training for use in the process of stage control. The purpose of the study is to develop an integrated assessment and indicative regulatory scales for determining the level of special physical fitness with the definition of ranges of levels of readiness for the stage control of basketball players aged 13-14. The formula for calculating the integrated assessment of special physical fitness is presented, which allows to calculate the level of fitness regardless of the number of tests used in the control. Based on the sigma deviation, normative scales for assessing special physical fitness indicators for ten basketball-specific tests have been developed, defining ranges of five levels of training - low, below average, medium, above average and high for stage control of basketball players aged 13-14. With the help of an integrated assessment, the coach can determine the level of various aspects of players' training both individually and on average as a team, as well as differentiated by groups of basketball players with the same characteristics (role, height, experience of basketball, etc.). This approach allows the results of testing the coach to compare the results of different athletes, the principle of expression in conventional units remains the same.
Foreign language education as a scientific category in the context of future teachers‟ training
Authors: Necheporuk Yana , Onishchuk Iryna , Usyk Liudmyla , Anishchenko Iryna , Vasylkevych Svitlana , Zvozdetska Valentyna
Published: December 2020

The concept of foreign-language education is socially and historically conditioned, therefore, scientists consider it necessary in modern conditions to rethink the purpose of studying foreign languages in higher school, to form the additional motivation for mastering a foreign language as a means of international communication. Foreign-language education differs from learning foreign languages: it covers educational values and meanings, forms socially significant qualities, has systemic nature, provides for intercultural and interpersonal communication in the process of cognitive and professional activity. Considering foreign-language education from an axiological position, we understand it as a value at the level of the state, society, and personality. We consider the relationship between state and personal values to be a condition for the effectiveness of foreign-language education that creates a system of language education. We consider acquiring the knowledge of a foreign language to be an element of functional literacy, professional competence, and the integral quality of the individual. The concept is based on integrated teaching of the language and culture of the countries concerned with the dialogue between native and foreign cultures. The purpose of such education is language teaching through culture, culture through language, the formation of homo moralis: a person with a conscience, which distinguishes between good and evil, has high stable moral principles.
Physical Education Teachers Training in Austria
Authors: Prystupa E. , Danylevych M. , Romanchuk O.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the issues of professional training of physical education teachers in Austria since 1946 (the end of Second World War) till 1970 (changes of laws and regulations). The is to study the Austrian experience of training physical education aim of the paper teachers at different historical stages. To achieve the goal, a set of general scientific and pedagogical research methods have been used: bibliographic search, historical-genetic, interpretive-analytical ones, systematization, generalization, analysis, synthesis. The results of scientific research showed that during the first postwar decades in Austria there was a denazification of curricula for physical education / sports teachers, the gradual destruction of ideological strata, reducing the politicization of educational processes, reorientation to progressive ideas and traditions of pre-Nazi professional education. This stage of development of teachers professional education is characterized by numerous attempts to improve the curriculum by balancing theory and practice, normative and variable components, different cycles of training. There is a qualitative update of the theory and practice of school physical education, modernization of the educational process in the institutes of physical education at the Universities of Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck and Salzburg in accordance with current trends in science, technology, education and other spheres of public life.
Ukrainian state vector of value goal setting of physical culture and sports
Authors: Sainchuk M.M. , Sainchuk А.M.
Published: December 2020

Value vector of goal setting of physical culture and sports set by the state in Ukraine. Various laws, concepts, strategies codify the direction and development goals of physical culture and sports. Three "National Targeted Social Program Concepts of the Physical Culture and Sport Development" and two development strategies of physical culture/physical education was analysed by this article. It found that the "National Targeted Social Program Concepts of the Physical Culture and Sport Development" 2007-2011 and 2012-2016 had clear sports goals, while the "Concept ... until 2020" had more scattered goals, and this mainly concerns of the health protection and civic goals. In the goal of the Concept until 2020 sport are not mention, but the goal-deployment still shows a sports vector. It is revealed that the goal-setting of the latest state strategies for the development of physical culture is represented in the health discourse, but the goal-setting is sports-mass and high-achievement sports. The Ukrainian state vector of the value goal of physical culture and sports shows ambivalence: theoretical discourse corresponds to world trends focused on the physical health and well- being of citizens, and the system formed in the USSR reduces everything to sports and competitions.
A Short Review of Benefits of Using Chest CT Characteristics for Early diagnoses to Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Vennila R. , Vennila R. , Venkatraman P.
Published: December 2020

In 21st century, the year 2020 was expected with much development in India as well many other countries.
But unfortunately, the world is facing many natural calamities. World is taking steps towards rescue mission
of the disasters. Among of those calamities, deadly Corona Virus remains still all over the world as pandemic
disease. Even the developed countries are struggling to come back to its normal routine. India is a country
with developing technologies. Vaccines are yet to be developed for treatment of this Novel Corona Virus.
As a diagnostic tool, Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal swabs are taken from the person and tested using
RT-PCR. This test is not 100 percent accurate. Confirmed COVID patients after few days are undergoing
the medical imaging. This diagnostic imaging technique helps in showing the progression of this virus
spread in Upper and Lower respiratory system. Chest Radiography is low cost modality but its sensitivity
towards observation is 69%. Lung Ultrasound is used in Intensive Care patients and not used for routine
diagnosing purpose. Computed Tomography plays a crucial role in three-dimensional chest imaging of
COVID-19 patients. The sensitivity of CT is 98%. The aim of this paper is to consider CT as a tool for
diagnosing COVID-19 patient than using the standard tool RT-PCR. A brief knowledge about imaging
modality like X-ray, Ultrasound and Computed Tomography when used against COVID patient is
explained. This paper gives reason for the ideal use of CT diagnosis for COVID 19.
Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture as an Orbital Wall Fracture
Authors: El-anwar Mohammad Waheed , El-anwar Mohammad Waheed
Published: December 2020

Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture is common and refers to the osseous disruption of the malar
eminence at its 4 buttresses: frontozygomatic, zygomaticomaxillary, zygomaticosphenoid, and
zygomaticotemporal. So, ZMC fracture is considered orbital wall fracture. In this work, I increase
orientations to the recent trends to properly manage such orbital wall fracture.
Philosophical and Ideological Origins of Libertinage in the Visual Art of the Modern Era
Authors: Murphy Michael D.
Published: December 2020

The article analyses ideological origins of libertine as a philosophical and aesthetic guideline, which was formed in the Age of Enlightenment and consistently embodied in the artistic practice of modernist artists. The purpose of the article isto carry out an art revision of the philosophical and aesthetic discourse of libertinage, using the parameters of the release of bodily, which are represented in the work of M. Henaff Marquis de Sade: The Invention of The Libertine Body.Based on the analysis, the conceptual positions of libertine in the visual arts are generalized. These include the following: body-machine, body-dissection, body-plane, rejection of the sensual “lyrical” “sentimental” body, which is devoid of eroticism and sexuality, the body as a group body. These positions-concepts are the theoretical basis for “visual libertinage”. Accordingly, the principle of “visual libertine” becomes a powerful factor in the image and expression of the body, naked body, nude, eroticism by modernist artists. The method of diachrony of libertinage allows usto present visual libertinage as a prolonged guideline, fully implemented by the modernist artists.
Smart-logistics for people management of innovative small and medium enterprises` development: Agile methodology
Authors: Bogoyavlenska Yuliya , Persia Luca , Bondarenko Kateryna
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Innovative entrepreneurship is one of the applied spheres, in which the implementation of core competencies: knowledge and skills from other areas is complicated nowadays due to challenges and rapid changes. Management systems for small and medium-sized enterprises are not so classical now, but horizontal and, what most importantly – flexible, agile is. Thus, it is proposed to turn to modern models of people management to increase the effectiveness of companies and institutions for future economy development.
Aim and tasks. The article appeals to management innovation and the use of the “mobility gap” as one of the most discussed economic problems that are necessary for the urban areas and require an appropriate solution development. The proposal is to use smart logistics for an effective people management system for innovative small and medium enterprises to zoom the weight of the cluster unit. The assertion that the increasing impact of horizontal management in outsourcing services is the way for further development and modernization of tax policy for the local economy.
Results. In the nearest future, the character of the local economy will change as communities develops cities, improving the quality of life, ensuring safety and neighbourhood policy and stimulating creative development. And it will create opportunities for cutting-edge initiatives, entrepreneurship and local municipalities, as well as developing relationships and competencies based on innovation and creative interaction between stakeholders in the new digital reality, while remaining people-centred. It is proposed to introduce management innovations into the management system according to the developed model according to the agile method of modernization: “to do” – list; "in progress" and motivation; “to verify” – monitoring; “done” – analysis; and business scaling. And to customize services, it is necessary the high quality achieving, speed that meets the needs of the market, and the quick creating of unique innovations.
Conclusions. This methodology has been tested by the project – Erasmus 2020, despite the “lockdown” conditions, by the open data project “City Code” with the aim of creating conditions for sustainable urban development by combining: talents, technologies, tolerance, and should be used to people management of small and medium-sized innovative enterprises.
Economic justification for the implementation of a circular economy
Authors: Atstāja Dzintra , Spāde Elīna
Published: December 2020

Introduction. This case study examines the economic justification for the implementation of a circular economy. The case study is structured in 2 parts. The first part describes the principles of circular economy and business models, covering the theoretical basis of this study. The theoretical basis includes a description of the principles of circular economy and the possible implementation of these principles in business operations. The second part evaluates the impact of the introduction of circular economy principles and business model on the company's financial performance and company value. The methods used are economic evaluation and investment decision methods and financial analysis, modeling and forecasting. The limitations are the research based on one company and the fact that the financial statement for 2019 was not submitted at the time of writing; however the results obtained are applicable to other companies and industries. The principles of circular economics and business models described in this case study can serve as a example for companies considering implementing the principles of circular economy in business operations.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of the study is to determine what the principles of circular economy are, how to implement them in business and how their implementation affects business results and company value. Following tasks have been defined in order to achieve the aim: describe the principles of circular economy, business and financing models; to analyze the business models of the circular economy in Latvia and in the world and to evaluate the impact of the implementation of the principles of circular economy and business model on the company's financial indicators and the company's value.
Results. Evaluating the investments made by the company AS “Cēsu Alus” and the planned investment projects related to the modernization of production equipment and improvement of efficiency, it can be concluded that the implementation of circular economy investment projects will be profitable. The company has opportunities to continue the investment project program; moreover, based on the experience of similar companies studied, AS “Cēsu Alus” can create additional revenue streams for the company when adopting circular economy principles.
Conclusions. Investing the company's funds in investment projects designed to improve the company's efficiency, ensuring resource savings and efficient use, which in turn leads to financial savings, the company's value increases significantly, thus concluding that circular economy investment projects that save resources and improve the efficiency of the company will make the greatest contribution to increasing the value of the company.
The impact of high fee-low-subsidy and low fee-high-subsidy higher education funding models on higher education access in European Union countries
Authors: Kučaidze Nadežda , Jurgelevičius Artūras
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Higher education funding is relevant topic and widely analysed by scientist all other the world. Nowadays there is very big difference between higher education funding models across European Union countries – students have to pay very high fees for their studies in one countries, while in other countries – students have no obligations to pay for their studies at all, or have to pay very low tuition fees. All EU member states declare importance of HE for the future of economic, individual and society wellbeing. With respect to cost-sharing principle in higher education funding, higher education funding models can be divided into four models: Low-fee-High-subsidy; Low-fees-Low-subsidy; High-fees-High-subsidy and High-fee-Low subsidy.
Aim and tasks. The aim of this article is to perform comparative analysis of two extremely different higher education funding models, which are applied in European Union states – Low-fee-High-subsidy higher education funding model (LFHS model) and High-fee-Low-subsidy higher education funding model (HFLS model).
Results. The results of scientific research shows, that LFHS and HFLS models, which were analysed, have a different impact on access to higher education (i.e. gross enrolment rate (GER), GER male, GER female and HE graduation rate (HEGR) in EU countries.
Conclusions. Tuition fees (max., min., net, normative) have a statistically significant, but not only positive or negative impact on enrolment to HE and graduation of HE, as well as for women and men enrolment to HE (GER male, GER female) – it depends on funding model EU state applies. Max. need-based grants have positive impact only in LFHS model case as well as min. need-based grants. In addition, the results of research show, that there is gender inequality – women enrolment to HE exceed men enrolment at most in HFLS model. Men are more likely to study in countries with higher need-based grants (for instance, in LFHS model countries). Counties with higher GDP per capita are more likely to apply LFHS model, than countries with lower GDP  per capita.
Theoretical and applied aspects of labour efficiency as a social and economic category
Authors: Korneeva Tatiana
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Improving labour efficiency is the key to successful operation of any organization. Social and economic development of the state is largely depends on the in-depth study of labour efficiency management. These issues should be solved at certain enterprises at macro- and meso-economic levels.
Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to deepen theoretical and methodological principles and develop practical recommendations for improving labour efficiency.
Results. The generalization of theoretical and methodological provisions of the category of labour efficiency is carried out. Methodical approaches to the evaluation and measurement of labour efficiency at enterprises have been considered. It is established that labour efficiency, as an economic category, takes into account many aspects that reveal it through certain characteristics, which are expressed in labour productivity, quality and labour performance. It was found that increasing the production of surplus products can increase productivity, but will reduce its efficiency. It is noted that labour efficiency is a dynamic indicator that reflects evaluation of changes in the sum of indicators of labour quality and productivity, life quality of all stakeholders involved in the working process and the use of its results. It is proposed to consider the category "labour efficiency" in terms of qualitative and quantitative criteria and substantiate the essence of labour efficiency, which reflects qualitative component in the form of products of specific consumer quality with value added and quantitative component in the form of manufactured products to the amount of labour spent on its production. The method of building a model for determining the coefficients of rating of the factors of enterprise development using the method of linearization of the model of labour efficiency is proposed.
Conclusions. It is proposed to evaluate labour efficiency at the enterprise using a quantitative criterion which is the average hourly output of one employee, and a qualitative criterion which is the average hourly value added per employee. The increase in value added at the enterprise is achieved through the optimization of all production processes. The comparative complex analysis by means of the method of defining specific rating coefficients (SRC) of influence of development factors on labour efficiency at the machine-building enterprises is carried out. Proposals have been developed to evaluate optimal conditions for the development, stability and decline (bankruptcy) of machine-building enterprises.
EFEKTIVITAS FILTRAT BUAH MAHKOTA DEWA (Phaleria macro) SEBAGAI BIOINSEKTISIDA LARVA ULAT POLONG (Maruca testulalis) PADA TUMBUHAN KACANG PANJANG (Vigna unguiculata)
Authors: Hardiyanti Devita , Prafiadi Sigit , R Revisika
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the fruit filtrate of the Phaleria macro as bioinsecticide for the larvae of Maruca testulalis in long bean plants Vigna unguiculata. This research was conducted at the Integrated Science Laboratory of STKIP Muhammadiyah Manokwari in June 2019. The population used in this study was 150 larvae of Maruca testulalis. 7 treatment groups were consisting of 4 replications. The P0 treatment group was given 0.1 ml of reagent solution, then for treatment P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, and P6 each was given the filtrate from the Phaleria macro with a concentration of 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%. The results of data analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test 5.708 <12.591 so that there was no effect of the bioinsecticide of the crown of gods on the larvae of Phaleria macro these results are influenced by the dose concentration that is not quite right. However, if it is seen from the results of the research data, it can be seen that there is an effect of giving the Phaleria macro fruit filtrate on the mortality of Maruca testulalis larvae. This effect is due to the presence of saponin compounds found in the Phaleria macro.
PENGARUH AIR REBUSAN DAUN HARENDONG BULU (Clidemia hirta) TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH MENCIT (Mus musculus)
Authors: Malia Okta , Samitra Dian , Lokaria Eka
Published: December 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of the water boiled leaves of Clidemia hirta on blood sugar levels in Swiss Webster mice (Mus musculus). This research using a completely randomized design research design (CRD) with 5 treatment groups namely; Aquades control group (P0), 3 g sucrose treatment (P1), 3 g sucrose treatment + boiled bristle leaves boiled water at a dose of 0.13 ml/KgBB (P2), 3 g sucrose treatment + boiled bristle leaves boiled water at a dose of 0.26 ml/KgBB (P3), 3 g treatment of sucrose + boiled bristle leaves boiled water at a dose of 0.39 ml/KgBB (P4). Before administration of the extract, mice in the treatment groups P1, P2, P3 & P4 were induced using 3 g of sucrose for 5 days. Then after 5 days for groups P2, P3, and P4 followed by giving boiled water leaves for 7 days. The analysis result of One Way Anova Test shows that Fcount > Ftable (18.86 > 2.51). This shows the boiled water affects the blood sugar levels of male Swiss Webster mice. The concentration of extract at P4 (0.39 ml/KgBB) was more effective in reducing blood sugar levels.
ANALISIS VALIDITAS SOAL PILIHAN GANDA PENILAIAN AKHIR SEMESTER GENAP PELAJARAN FISIKA KELAS XI MIPA 1 SMA NEGERI 1 KEPAHIANG
Authors: Neti Neti
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif, dengan menggunakan metode dokumentasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas butir soal ujian penilaian akhir semester genap bidang studi fisika di kelas XI MIPA 1  SMA Negeri 1 Kepahiang Tahun Pelajaran 2019- 2020.  Variabel yang diukur pada penelitian ini adalah validitas isi, validitas butir soal, reliabilitas, daya beda, tingkat kesukaran, serta efektifitas pengecoh / distraktor untuk melihat frekwensi jawaban dari alternatif yang disediakan.   Berdasarkan kompetensi dasar pengetahuan 3.7 sampai 3,12, 20 butir soal ujian akhir semester genap semuanya valid dari segi isi.  Dari segi butir soal terdapat 9 butir soal yang valid dan 11 butir soal yang tidak valid.  Berdasarkan hasil analisis reliabilitas tes (dari 9 butir soal) adalah 0,225 termasuk kategori sangat kurang, analisis daya beda dan tingkat kesukaran terdapat 3 butir soal yang tidak layak dan 6 butir soal yang layak.  Hasil penghitungan pengecoh dan rekomendasi terdapat pilihan jawaban butir soal yang harus direvisi atau tidak tidak revisi.
КОМПЛЕКС РЕАБИЛИТАЦИОННЫХ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ В ОТНОШЕНИИ НЕСОВЕРШЕННОЛЕТНИХ, ВОЗВРАЩЕННЫХ В РОССИЮ ИЗ ЗОН БОЕВЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ
Authors: Zaharova N. , Milehina A.
Published: December 2020

Based on the analysis of the data of the clinical-pshopathological and experimental psychological survey of 93 children evacuated from war zones in the Middle East, the main areas of medical and psychological rehabilitation of children who have been in the territory controlled by the terrorist group ISIS are represented for a long time in the territory controlled by the terrorist group ISIS, which is banned in Russia. The main psychodiagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation and resocialization measures aimed at restoring children's mental health, preventing the development of mental disorders at remote stages, creating a safe environment and ensuring optimal integration of the child in the new micro- and macro-society are described.
ГИСТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПОЛИПОВ ТОЛСТОЙ КИШКИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ ГРОДНЕНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ В 2020 ГОДУ
Authors: Salmin R. , Salmina A.
Published: December 2020

Полипы толстой кишки относятся к доброкачественным опухолевым образованиям, которые являются предраковыми заболеваниями. В большинстве случаев именно полипы толстой кишки, малигнизация которых занимает около 8-10 лет, приводят в последствии к развитию колоректального рака [1, 3].

Диагностическая трудность полипов толстой кишки заключается в том, что данное заболевание, зачастую, протекает бессимптомно [2. 3].

Очевидно, что снижение заболеваемости колоректальным раком обусловлено своевременным выявлением и удалением доброкачественных полипов. Поэтому исследование данной патологии актуально для современной медицины [1, 2, 3].
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS WITH ANTI-STRESS EFFECT ON PEPPER CULTURE IN THE SOUTH OF THE KHABAROVSK TERRITORY
Authors: Kazarina K. , Dulin A.
Published: December 2020

A comparative study of the effectiveness of natural growth regulators epin and salicylic acid in separate and combined use on seed germination and yield of four varieties of peppers: Swallow, Winnie the Pooh, California miracle, Bogatyr, in the South of the Khabarovsk territory.

The positive effect of growth regulators on yield indicators, depending on varietal specificity, has been established. The joint use of regulators was ineffective.