bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural Heritage Object Identification by Radiography Nondestructive Method and Digital Image Processing
Authors: Yahaghi Effat , Movafeghi Amir , Ahmadi Shokoofeh , Ansari Sholeh , Taheri Mehran , Rastkhah Naser
Published: August 2011

Nondestructive testing (NDT) is an important tool in the world of industry. Among different NDT methods, radiography plays a very interesting role both in industry and medicine. Medical and industrial uses of X and gamma rays were recognized since more than 1 century ago. One of the interesting uses of radiography is in archeological and art applications. In this research, radiography was utilized for identification of a damaged art-historical material. The subject is a brass tray belonging to Iran cultural heritage with an estimated age of about 3500 years. The tray was found in Lorestan province and referred to as “Lorestan bonze”. The object was damaged seriously due to heavy corrosion attack. Therefore recognition of the object was a major problem. Normal radiography method can help for object determination, but it suffers some major drawbacks related to contrast and thickness measurement. Image processing technique and a precise thickness measurement method were added to digitized radiographs. A precise radiographic thickness method was introduced and used before for the pipeline radiography. For digital image processing, Canny edge detection method and Gaussian filter were used. Radiography image obtained from this work showed a very clear picture of the original trace of hammered design. These results showed that a combination of radiography, image processing techniques and consideration of physical principles of radiation interaction with materials can produce a very clear image which can be used effectively for hte detail analysis of cultural heritages.
Dynamic Response of Magnesium Alloy AZ31B under High Strain Rate Compressive Loading
Authors: Ahmad Iram Raza , Shu Dong Wei
Published: August 2011

Magnesium alloys have been increasingly used in automobile, aerospace, consumer electronics and communication industries due to their low density, high strength to weight ratio, good impact resistance and castability. Impact situations in vehicles and airplanes and high speed metal working are characterized with the high rates of loading. The dynamic properties of materials are critical to evaluate the materials’ response in impact situations. They are also useful to design various automotive and aerospace components that are subjected to high rates of loadings. In current study, the compressive behaviour of magnesium alloy AZ31B has been examined over a wide range of strain rate between 103 and 3x103 s-1 in order to evaluate its potential in structural applications. Higher stresses are observed at higher strain rates. The peak stress increases about 10% for an increase in the strain rate from 980 s-1 to 2450 s-1. The hardening exponent n increases from 0.65 to 0.72 with increasing strain rate from 980 s-1 to 2450 s-1 indicating that the alloy is rate sensitive. However, the rate sensitivity of the alloy is negligible at lower strains and is significantly higher at higher strains. Energy absorption during deformation in general is increased with the strain rate.
Experimental Research and Numerical Analysis of Type Selection of Fiber for High Performance Hydraulic Concrete
Authors: He Jun Yong , Huang Xiao Qing , Tian Cheng Yu
Published: August 2011

Basalt fiber has the advantages of non-pollution and omnipotence, and expected to be widely used in the 21st Century. Therefore, more and more attention is paid on experimental research of the basalt fiber in the world. Firstly, according to the type selection principles and requirements of the fibers used in the hydraulic concrete, the contrast testing of the plastic shrinkage between fiber cement mortar and pure mortar is made. The experimental results showed that basalt fiber, polypropylene fiber and polyacrylonitrile fiber can be preliminarily chosen as reinforced fibers in high performance hydraulic concrete. Secondly, the impacts of the suggested three sorts of fibers on the interfacial shear stress of the fiber concrete are analyzed by numerical simulation，which showed that maximum interfacial shear stress of the basalt fiber concrete is minimum. So, the bond strength between basalt fiber and concrete is the best. Finally, taking both characteristics of basalt fiber and the increase of concrete costs into account, it can be concluded that top priority should be given to the basalt fiber rather than to other fibers for high performance hydraulic concrete.
T-S Fuzzy Control for Maximum Power Point Tracking of Solar Power Generation Systems
Authors: Shao Shi Quan , Yin Ming , Xu Li Mei , Wang Yu
Published: August 2011

This paper addresses a kind of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control for a single solar power generation systems use the Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy-model-based approach. In detail, we consider a dc/dc buck converter to regulate the output power of the photovoltaic panel array. First, the system is represented by the T-S fuzzy model. Next, give an approximate desire state of the photovoltaic panel array according to estimating calculate. Next, a fuzzy MPPT controller is proposed to achieve the given state. Then a popular traditional Perturbation & Observation Method (P&O) is used to change the given state. Finally, numerical simulation results will be given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed methods.
Research of Single Granule and Granule Group Motion Model by DEM
Authors: Yang Ya Luo , Huang Ya Yu , Hao Wu
Published: August 2011

Distinct element method (DEM) is based on Newton's second law of motion and the basic law of particles between elements colliding. It's an effective numerical method which widely used in many engineering fields by using dynamic relaxation method on Iterative calculation. By comparing the linear contact model and nonlinear contact model of DEM, Cundall spring-damp-sliding contact model had been selected as our major studying model. Then the coordinate of the contact point, “composite quantity” of each contact unit and the relative velocity between units in this system had been calculated. And finally the numerical simulation on the motion state of single granule and granule group had be done.
Roll Damping and Anti-Capsizing System for Ships Using Fuzzy-Extension Control Strategy
Authors: Wang Ming Hui , Yu Yong Quan , Zeng Bi
Published: August 2011

Rolling is an undesirable motion for ships. Large amplitude rolling can easily lead to capsize which will cause the loss of life and property. This paper proposes a fuzzy-extension control strategy for ship roll damping and anti-capsizing system. Fuzzy control strategy is studied in the classical domain for rudder roll stabilization to solve uncertainties in quantitative change and gradual change resulting from the change of ship model parameters so as to improve control performance. Moreover, the real-time tuning algorithm is presented to tune the fuzzy rules. Extension control strategy is studied in extension domain to solve the uncertainties in non-gradual change arising from the wave so as to extend anti-capsizing control sphere. Every control strategy can realize effective control within the scope of control.The two intelligence control methods are combined to increase the level of intelligence of system. This paper carries out the simulation under various situations such as different navigation speed, sea conditions, encounter angle and ship parameter perturbation, to test the roll reduction and robustness of the roll controller designed.
The Research on H2 Optimal Control Applied to Active Vibration Isolation
Authors: Lou Jing Jun , Zeng Qiang Hong , Zhu Shi Jian
Published: August 2011

In considering transmissibility of force and the output force of actuator, the transfer function was got between input excitations and out performance. Adopting different feedback control variable as velocity, force, full state etc, the H2 optimal control was applied to double layer isolation system. By analyzing the amplitude-frequency characteristics of transfer function, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various feedback control strategy, the best control method of H2 is determined.
Prediction of Compressive Strength of Aerated Lightweight Aggregate Concrete by Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Kim Yoo Jae , Hu Jiong , Lee Soon Jae , Broughton Benjamin J.
Published: August 2011

This paper presents artificial neural network techniques for predicting the compressive strength of Aerated Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (ALAC) based on the effects of the concrete mix parameters. The compressive strength of sixty different concretes with densities ranging from 551 to 1948 kg/m3 was used and trained. The primary mix design variables studied included amount of cement, water, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, surfactant, the volume percentage of air in the matrix (A/M), and the volume percentage of matrix of the total mix (M/T). The training and testing results indicate that the model explains 0.984 and 0.979 of the variability in compressive strength for the single aggregate used in the study, respectively.
Active Vibration Control for Lathe Based Neural Network
Authors: Wang Jin Hua , Huang Wen Juan , Zhang Hong Yan , Li Yao Gang
Published: August 2011

In this paper, we took lathe as the research object, and established an active vibration control system model based on neural network AVC (Active Vibration Control) system, and the Matlab simulation results showed that the AVC system can reduce vibration effectively and improve the lathe’s accuracy.
Influence of Structural Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Double-Block Ballastless Track
Authors: Chen Rong , Ping Wang , Xu Hao
Published: August 2011

A high degree of integrity is the most remarkable feature that makes double-block ballastless track different from other ballastless track structure. Based on the beam/plate theory on elastic foundation, influences of several structural parameters (such as size of track slab and support layer, support stiffness of the subgrade, etc) on stress of the ballastless track system under the axle load of 300kN were studied in order to obtain further understanding of the mechanic performance of double-block ballastless track under the train load. Results show that: structure of double-layer combined structure should be adopted to decrease the stress of each layer of ballastless track; the width of support layer should be less than 3.6m; because the ratio of track slab stress to support layer stress is larger than the ratio of their strength, the width of track slab in the double-layer separated structure should be 280mm or less.
Effect of Impact Position and Initial Velocity on Structure of Collided Tanker
Authors: Wu Wen Feng , Wu Wan Qing , Wang Zheng Mao , Yang Jian Li
Published: August 2011

Ship-ship collision is a very complicated process, different collision parameters will lead to different results. Using ANSYS/LS-DYNA to build a model of ship-ship collision, it studies the side structure collision characteristics at different impact position and initial velocity. Based on the results of calculation, the collision force-displacement curves, energy absorbing-displacement curves, and the damage deformation of side structure are obtained. The simulation results indicate that changing the impact position and initial velocity will obtain the different form and degree deformation. In addition, the critical ship speed of ship shell ruptured is insured, which can offer the theoretical basis for maritime security management.
Numerical Simulation of the Mechanically Pumped Two-Phase Cooling Loop
Authors: Liu Jie , Zhou En Ze , Zhao Wen Jun , Cheng Cheng
Published: August 2011

Two-phase mechanically pumped cooling loop (MPCL) has emerged as a highly effective means for dissipating large amounts of heat from a small heat transfer area and provided a robust solution for significant design with flexibility, precise temperature control, and is othermalization. In this paper, the attempt of design optimization of the work fluid is introduced, by employing thermal simulation analysis with SINDA/FLUINT.
Environmental Activity of Heavy Metals in Slags Treated by Electrokinetic Removal Technology
Authors: Xu Zhong Hui , Li Dong Wei , Peng Xi
Published: August 2011

Ancient pyrometallurgical zinc generated large amounts of slag. Natural leaching from ancient pyrometallurgical zinc sites had contaminated the soil closed to the deposits. Enhanced electrokinetic removal technology was adopted to treat these slags. In this paper, atomic fluorescence spectrometer and scanning electronic microscope were used to investigate the total metal concentration and the surface topography of slags. The results showed that the heavy metals content in slags was high. The content of zinc in slags was up to 114550mg/kg. The surface topography of slags indicated that that the slags were corroded obviously by rainwater and lots of poisoning elements had released to the surroundings. The optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure was used to analyze the chemical speciation of heavy metals in slags. It could be determined that the evironmental activity of ancient pyrometallurgical slag decreased obviously after the treatment with electrokinetic removal technology and part of the residual fraction of heavy metals in slags transformed to the other fractions during the electrokinetic removal process.
Numerical Simulation of Furnace Combustion Characteristic in HTAC
Authors: Du Tao , Ji Li Sheng , Gao Guang Yi
Published: August 2011

In this thesis, in the double preheating system of air and gas, the high temperature air combustion process of low calorific value gas, in which the FLUENT software is used as the calculating tool and furnace model as the object, is numerically simulated by use of the k-ε turbulent two-way model, the PDF combustion model, discrete-ordinates-method radiative heat transfer model and the modified NOX -generation thermal model. Get the flow field, temperature field and concentration field inside the furnace in different times.
Numerical Simulation of Natural Convection Heat Transfer on Microencapsulated PCM Slurries
Authors: Zhang Yan Lai , Rao Zhong Hao , Wang Shuang Feng , Zhang Hong , Li Li Jun , Zhang Ming Long
Published: August 2011

A numerical investigation on natural convection heat transfer in a 2-dimensional enclosure heated from below has been conducted with microencapsulated phase change material (PCM) slurries. The microencapsulated PCM slurry exhibits pseudoplastic non-Newtonian fluid behavior and has a peak value in the specific heat capacity. The viscosity of the slurry is assumed to follow the Ostwald-de Waele power law fluid model with the power-law index n and the consistency coefficient K. Both dynamic and heat transfer characteristics are discussed on Rayleigh-Bénard natural convection. Characteristics on natural convection heat transfer have been numerically investigated for different value of the width-height aspect ratio of the enclosure. According to the comparison of the two kinds of fluid with PCM and without PCM, the start of natural convection is earlier for the fluid with PCM.
Mechanism Implementation for a 4WID/4WIS Unmanned Vehicle
Authors: Rong Xue Wen , Song Rui , Li Yi Bin , Zhang Hai Bo
Published: August 2011

This paper proposed a novel mechanism for an unmanned electric vehicle with four-wheel independent driving (4WID), independent steering (4WIS), independent suspending and independent braking. This unmanned electric vehicle adopted the technologies of driving by wire, steering by wire and braking by wire. Which improved the maneuverability of the vehicle greatly and made it achieving straight, oblique, lateral movement, zero radius turning and other movement patterns. Detailed implementation mechanism and virtual prototype of the vehicle were given in this paper. The hydraulic circuit schematic diagram and control method of the braking system were given also.
Research on the Multidisciplinary Optimization Design Method for the Diesel Engine
Authors: Wang Meng Sheng , Zhou Rui Ping , Xu Xiang
Published: August 2011

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) is a new method for achieving an overall optimum design of the complex system. In this paper have researched how to make the mathematical model of the diesel engine system in the CO (Coordination Design Optimization) method, and applied it in the actual practice. The application result demonstrates that in this optimization method, we can achieve the optimal design of this diesel engine by the coordination of rationally configuring the design parameters, and improve the economy, the technical performance, the reliability and the service life of the designed engine.
Recent Nanofabrication of Silicon Dioxide on Silicon Wafer Using AFM Operated at Low Temperature
Authors: Sutjipto Agus Geter Edy , Afzeri  , Shafie Amir Akramin
Published: August 2011

Field-induced oxidation has become a promising process that is capable of directly producing high-resolution surface oxide patterns on variety materials. This report initiated the idea of the possibility of a controlled nanofabrication of SiO2 on silicon wafer by utilizing a frozen humid air film. A low temperature (-70°C) operation of an atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to condense ambient humidity (40%) to perform a thin frozen water layer covering a silicon wafer surface. A scanning probe was contacted with the layer and a zero bias voltage was applied to the sample surface with the AFM probe tip connected to the reference -2.44V. The frozen water film acted both as an electrolyte to form silicon dioxide and as a resource of hydroxide. Using this technique (a) a consistency in height of 6 nm silicon dioxide patterns layer could be achieved showing that the effect of tip vibration could be reduced; (b) easy to remove frozen water by just operating the AFM to the ambient temperature; (c) it is possible to control thickness by making different humidity.
A New Type of Pig Handling Trolley
Authors: Wang Bo , Wang Yu , Huang Jin Lin
Published: August 2011

The Pig is an important tool during the process of oil-gas pipeline’s production, replacement, daily operation and management. Its outer diameter is 2% to 5% larger than the inner diameter of pipelines. It stays a clamping state in the pipelines. The fluid pressure difference before and after the Pig push it from the beginning to the end of the pipelines in order to clear all kinds of impurities in the pipelines and detect the internal and external wall corrosion status of the pipelines or achieve other goals. But during the cleaning-up operation, it is difficult for the Pig to get in and out of the pipelines because of its heavy weight. So a Pig and Pigging ball handling trolley is designed in this paper to push and pull the Pig or Pigging ball to get in and out of the Pig launcher & receiver device. This handling trolley will mechanize the Pigging operations, reduce the labor intensity and improve the work efficiency.
Machining Accuracy Analysis and Error Compensation Approach with the Effects of Cutting Tool Tip’s Radius in NC Lathe Machining Process
Authors: Cheng Bin , Gu Li Zhi , Hong Qi
Published: August 2011

With the wide use of NC, higher accuracy in machining is increasingly required for premium mechanical components. However, machining accuracy is affected by many factors, especially by the way of the tool positioning and the geometry of the tool nose. This paper, based on the actual NC lathe tool and turning, generalized and abstracted the machining process by establishing the imaginary tool nose and the tool tip’s arc centre as the cutter-contact point, and analyzed systematically the influence of the factors, including the way of the tool positioning, the nose, and the tool tip’s arc radius, on the machining accuracy when machining transverse, cylindrical-surface, circular cone, quarter-circular and some surfaces can be expressed by formula etc.. Derived the error calculating formulas for turning in different surfaces. Put forward two error compensation methods, direct calculating method and enveloping method of error compensation. Experiments were carried out and results have shown that the two error compensation methods can considerably reduce the machining error in NC turning operations.
Improvement and Implementation of Numerically-Controlled Process for Edger Mill Stand
Authors: Feng Jin Chun , Huang Song He , Li Lei
Published: August 2011

The edger mill stand belonged to the oversized integrated-casted stand-type heavy parts, if it was machined on the planer milling and boring machine, above 90% of the milling and boring process could be completed by only clamping for two times, and more accurate values could be obtained. Improved and changed the numerically-controlled process of this part in the machining process, and all working procedures of the edger mill stand were machined on the numerically-controlled floor-type boring machine with the diameter of 260, thereby accumulating the experience of machining the stand parts with complex cavity sizes and further expanding the scope of numerically-controlled floor boring machine process. The improvement and implementation of NC process on this workrpiece is of important meaning of reference for the kind of parts.
Optimization and Realization of Bridge Girder of 320/50t-22m Quenching Crane
Authors: Wu Xian Wen , Zhang Dan , Feng Jin Chun , Li Jian
Published: August 2011

According to the application, structural features and technical requirements of 320/50t-22m large quenching crane, the bridge girder of crane were optimized. Vertical stiffness of the main beam and frame stiffness were mainly calculated, moreover, track subsidence caused by the main beam’s torsion and the fatigue stress of the main beam were checked. A guideline and reference for the future design of similar cranes were provided, thus the paper has some application value.
Optimum KOH Wet Etching of Cantilever Tip for Better Image Captured by Nanoeducator
Authors: Sutjipto Agus Geter Edy , Faris Waleed Fekry , Adesta Erry Y.T. , Hanim Hafizah
Published: August 2011

The development of the various scanning probe microscopy techniques has revolutionized the study of surface structure up to atomic scale. Among these techniques, Nanoeducator as scanning force microscope or SFM has been developed to allow the accomplishment of various measuring techniques both for scanning tunneling microscope (STM) and non-contact atomic force microscope (AFM). However, there is no exact guidance how to fabricate cantilever to gather the good image. In order to achieve the better cantilever for students, this paper emphasizes on tip’s processing by altering etching length parameter as tip plays an important role to achieve better quality image during scanning operation. This paper also provides a guide for undergraduate student to know better about this machine as well as the principle behind it for them to acquire better quality image for their works. It was found that the number of turning of tungsten and etching time could produce good tip of cantilever. It is recommended for lecturers, students and technician to consider about turning and time of etching to produce a better tip of cantilever in Nanoeducator.
Study on the Current Application Situation and Development of E-Portfolio Based on ICT for Mechanical Components Using Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Zhou Yan Shuang , Zhang Yan Fu , Dong Tun , Zhan Hai Bing
Published: August 2011

The maintenance cost and the extended life of the system under any activities-combination, which represents what kind of activities taken for these chosen components, are analyzed for evaluating the unit-cost life of the system. The optimal activities-combination at each PM stage is decided by using genetic algorithm in maximizing the system unit-cost life. Repeatedly, the PM scheduling is progressed to the next stage until the system's unit-cost life is less than its discarded life. Appropriately a mechatronic system is used as an example to demonstrate the proposed algorithm. This paper uses E-Portfolio based on ICT for mechanical components using genetic algorithms and content analysis to study present application situation of E-portfolio in China, and scientifically forecast the trend of the development of E-Portfolio, which is conducive to grasp the research of E-Portfolio and discover some problems existing in the process.
A Study of the Microstructure and Hardness of Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr by Laser Shock Peening
Authors: He Wei Feng , Li Yu Qin , Nie Xiang Fan , Liu Rui Jun , Li Qi Peng
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the microstructure and hardness of Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr titanium alloy with and without laser shock peening (LSP) were examined and compared. The titanium alloy samples were laser shock peened with different layers at the same power density. The microscopic structure after LSP are tested and analyzed by SEM and TEM. The results indicated that LSP changed the microstructure evidently. After 3 layers laser shock peening, there are nanocrystallization in the LSP zone. The shock wave provided high strain rate deformation and generated high-density dislocations in the material. Multiple severe plastic deformation caused by 3 to 5 LSP layers helped to rearrange the resultant dislocation, to form dislocation networks, leading to the formation of nanocrystallites. On the other hand, the microhardness across the polished surfaces of the titanium materials with and without LSP was measured. It is obvious that the laser shock peening improved the microhardness of the Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr for about 16% at the surface, and the affected depth is about 300 microns from the surface.
Study on Intensified Bioleaching Technology by Static Magnetic Field of Chalcopyrite Tailings
Authors: Lu Li Li , Li Dong Wei , Yu Lin
Published: August 2011

Many different methods were found to increase the leaching rate by the researchers.In this paper,one of the methods--intensified leaching--was showed that the device for bioleaching was under the condition of static magnetic field.the device were designed according to Helmholtz coils,which can offered the static magnetic field,the leaching will start at the condition of the static magnetic field by the Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ( T. f ).the content of metals in samples were detected by Atomic fluorescence spectrometer after 25 days.Through the experimental analysis, the results showed that under the conditions of pulp density 5%,inoculum 10%,pH 2.0, magnetic induction intensity 3.14mT, the leaching rate of Cu and Fe in chalcopyrite mineral processing solid waste got improved. Especially the copper, the leaching rate raised from15.76% to 18.88%.
Preparation of Activated Alumina Admixture
Authors: Wang Xiao Yan , Wang Hong Jian , Hou Gui Qin , Lv Zhao Xia
Published: August 2011

Through calcining bauxite, the preparation of active alumina (Al2O3) admixture was investigated. The effect of calcination temperature and time on the activity of alumina was studied. Calcination production species and crystalline state were determined by X-ray diffractometer, and the specific surface area referred as an important parameter was also determined. The results showed that the best calcination process of acquiring activated alumina admixture was 500°C1.0h. Alkali-aggregate reaction was inhibited effectively by the active alumina admixture.
High Efficient White-Phosphorescence PLEDs by Using Water/Alcohol-Soluble Polyelectrolyte as an Electron Injection Layer
Authors: Liu Nan Liu , Zhen Hong Yu , Xu Wei
Published: August 2011

High efficient white polymer light-emitting diodes (WPLEDs) were fabricated with blue- fluorescent polymers(PFO) and yellow- phosphorescent polymers(PFCz2-NPYIrm5) blending as light emitting layer, and a water/alcohol-soluble polymer poly [(9,9-bis(3′-((N,N-dimethyl)-N-ethylammonium)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene) - 4,7-(2,1,3- benzoselenadiazole)]dibromide(PFN) as electron injection layer. The structure of the devices used here is: ITO/PEDOT-PSS(40nm)/PVK(30nm)/PFO: PFCz2-NPYIrm5 (60nm)/PFN(20nm)/Ba(4nm)/Al(120nm). When the doping concentration of PFCz2-NPYIrm5 was 1% and PFN film thickness was about 20nm, the EL emissions from the host and the guests were observed simultaneously and the efficient white light emission with coordinates of (0.34,0.32) was achieved. A maximum external quantum efficiency of 4.8% and luminous efficiency of 6.6cd/A was obtained at 8.5V.
Recent Progress of Vibration Analysis on Fault Diagnosis for Rolling Bearing
Authors: Peng En Gao , Liu Zheng Lin
Published: August 2011

Rolling bearing is extensively used in various areas including shipbuilding, aircraft, mining, manufacturing, agriculture, etc. The breakdowns of the bearings may do unexpected hazardous to the machinery. Therefore, it is crucial for engineers and researchers to monitor the bearing conditions in time in order to prevent the malfunctions of the plants. Hence the vibration analysis accompanying other condition monitoring methodologies has been successfully used in the field of roller bearings fault diagnosis as well as other key components. The fault diagnosis method of roller bearing using vibration analysis was introduced in this paper. And the development trend of vibration analysis was presented. Meanwhile the main existing problems in fault diagnosis of roller bearing were discussed. It concludes that the integration of vibration analysis and other detection approach can provide effective and reliable fault diagnosis results.
Effect of Substrate Conditions on Residual Stress of Plasma-Spraying Sm2Zr2O7 Thermal Barrier Coatings
Authors: Hu Ren Xi , Liao Su Ran , Zhang Hong Song , Wei Yuan
Published: August 2011

Effect ofsubstrateconditions, including material type, thickness and radius of substrate, on residual thermal stresses of plasma spraying Sm2Zr2O7TBCs was analyzed though finite element method in this paper. The radial and shear stresses of Sm2Zr2O7decrease with increasing of distance from the center to edge along radius of specimen, and they decrease abruptly at the edge of the specimen, while the axial residal stress increase abruptly at the edge of substrate. All residual stresses increase with increasing of thermal expansion coefficient of substrate. The thickness of substrate has slight effect on the radial residual stress, and axial residual stress and shear stress are almost uneffected by thickness of substrate. The optimum thickness of substrate is 10mm. Radius of substrate have no effect on radial stress when it is greater than 28mm, and radius of substrate has no effect on axial stress and shear stress of Sm2Zr2O7TBCs.
Real-Time Reliability Analysis and Optimal Distribution of the Reliability on Five-Axis Machining Center
Authors: Yan Yu Tao , Sun Zhi Li , Ren Xin , Yang Qiang
Published: August 2011

The some five-axis machining center was investigated, and it divided ten subsystems. Based on analysis of fault data, the distribution of fault time submits to Weibull distribution, the distribution function and reliability function of each subsystem were confirmed. The reliability allocation model with the constraints of cost is established based on reliability prediction to get optimal reliability allocation results of the complicated mechano-electronic system. The most growth potential of the reliability of subsystem and growth situation of reliability of each subsystem could be got by using this method. The reliability allocation is an important part of reliability design, because its result influences system design directly. This provides reference for design improving of this series of new products.
Research on Magnetic Properties of Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe/Nd2Fe14B Exchange-Coupled Trilayer Films
Authors: Zhang Min Gang , Yang Li Li , Zhao Yi Chao , Zhang Jia , Sun Gang
Published: August 2011

The magnetic hysteresis loops of Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe/Nd2Fe14B exchange-coupling trilayer film are simulated by micromagnetic theory, and the relationship between remanence, coercivity, energy products and soft magnetic thickness are discussed in detail. The results show that the hysteresis loops is rectangle and the trilayer films are in complete exchange-coupling region when the soft magnetic thickness is below the critical point(5nm); With the increase of the soft magnetic thickness, the coercivity of the trilayer films decreases monotonically. Maximum energy products are obtained when the soft magnetic thickness is 5nm.
Chemical Sensors Based on Fiber Bragg Grating
Authors: Zhao Ming Fu , Huang De Yi , Zhou Bin , Jiao Lei Zi
Published: August 2011

In this paper, measurement method for the refractive index of chemical substances based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor was proposed. The relation between Bragg wavelength shift and surrounding refractive index (SRI) was analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The SRI sensitivity of the chemical sensor could be enhanced by reducing the cladding thickness of the FBG using hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution etching process. The experimental results indicated that the variation of Bragg wavelength increased as the SRI increased. In the low SRI region, the relationship between the Bragg wavelength shift and the change of the SRI was approximately linear.
1064 nm High-Power Broad Area Semiconductor Lasers with Electrode Pattern
Authors: Qiao Zhong Liang , Zhang Si Yu , Gao Xin , Lu Peng , Li Hui , Qu Yi , Lui Guo Jun , Bo Bao Xue
Published: August 2011

According to the principle of carrier diffusion, aluminum nitride (AlN) coating, and RIE deep etching technology are implemented, 1064 nm broad area distribution electrode lasers have been obtained exhibiting near single lobe near and far field. We report electrode pattern lasers emitting at 1064 nm with the minimal full width at half maximum (FWHM) horizontal angle of 2.7° while the maximum continuous-wave output power up to 3.65 W and slope efficiencies as high as 0.85 W/A.
Research of Angled 8° Integrated 808 nm Wavelength SLDs
Authors: Zhang Si Yu , Qiao Zhong Liang , Bo Bao Xue , Gao Xin , Qu Yi , Lu Peng , Li Hui , Liu Guo Jun
Published: August 2011

Integrated 808 nm wavelength super-luminescent diodes (SLDs) with a ring seed source and a tapered amplifier were fabricated tilted at 8° from the facet normal. Max-output power of 700 mW was obtained in continuous wave (CW) mode under room temperature, and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the emission spectrum is 36 nm.
808 nm Semiconductor Lasers with Tailored Gain for Mode Shape
Authors: Qiao Zhong Liang , Bo Bao Xue , Zhang Si Yu , Gao Xin , Lu Peng , Li Hui , Qu Yi , Liu Guo Jun
Published: August 2011

We implement the concept of the distributed electrode, which allows to improve the modal behavior of lasers and to reduce spatial-hole burning effects by preferentially localizing current injection in the center of the structure, hence discriminating the optical mode. We report the first realization of distributed electrode lasers emitting at 808 nm with the measured full width at half maximum (FWHM) angle of the minimal horizontal angle as 3.8° while the maximum continuous-wave output power is up to 4 W and high slope efficiencies as high as 0.95 W/A.
High Performance Precast Wall Panels with Shear Transfer Provided by Carbon Fiber Grid
Authors: Kim Yoo Jae , Harmon Tom , You Byoung Hee
Published: August 2011

Composite insulated wall panels using carbon fiber grid in combination with expanded polystyrene (EPS) insulation have been produced for over 5 years. The carbon fiber grid and the EPS act together to provide shear transfer between the wythes of the composite panel. A design procedure has been developed, based on testing at Washington University and North Carolina State University. The approach discussed here is to ensure that the flexural strength, the cracking moment, and the deflection are all within acceptable limits. This paper first discusses the testing that has been performed to develop the material properties used in the design procedure. Then methods for computing the flexural strength, the cracking moment and the deflection are also presented. Deflections are not often an issue and cracking moments can be easily controlled by the amount of prestress. Therefore, the most important concern is providing adequate shear transfer. The design procedures discussed here were later verified by full scale testing at North Carolina State University.
Enhanced Electrokinetic Removal of Heavy Metals in MSWI Fly Ash Assisted by Cation Exchange Membranes
Authors: Peng Xi , Jiao Bin Quan , Yu Lin , Li Dong Wei , Yang Ke
Published: August 2011

Since MSWI fly ash enriches heavy metals and many toxic components and these components would potentially leach when the ashes are land filled, it is regulated as hazardous waste in many countries. Electrokinetic removal, an electrochemically assisted extraction method, has recently been adopted as a new method for removal of heavy metals from MSWI fly ashes. But the generation of metal hydroxide precipitation near the cathode decreased conductivity of electrokinetic removal system and limited metal extraction from the sample area. In this study, cation exchange membrane was used in electrokinetic removal experiment to improve this method. After 192 hours of electrokinetic removal, about 15%Cd,20%Pb, 30% Zn, and 10% As was removed from 2.850kg MSWI fly ash. It showed positive effect compared to the trial test. But there still exists some problems, such as low removal efficiency. Further work should be done to solve it.Moreover, the high conductivity in fly ash limits the current , which in turn causes low electroosmotic flow. While electroosmotic flow is the main factor leting the heavy meatals release from fly ash, it would become the focus in further experiment to look for ways increasing the electroosmotic flow in sample cell.
The Application of Air-Space with Mixed Emulsion Explosive in Open-Pit Mines
Authors: Guo Jun , Gan De Qing , Zhang Yu , Rong Guang Fu
Published: August 2011

Based on applications in different open-pit mine and analysis of economic benefits, the paper describes the mixed emulsion explosive productive technology and the mechanism of air-space blasting, which has great value in reducing the production costs and bringing huge blasting economic benefits.
Refrigerant Capacity and Magnetocaloric Effect on LaFe11.1Co0.8Si1.1BX Alloys
Authors: Xie Guo Qiu
Published: August 2011

In this paper, we report on the structure, magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect in NaZn13-type LaFe11.1Co0.8Si1.1Bxalloys close to room temperature. The stable NaZn13cubic structure phase (space group isFm-3c) can easily obtained by annealing at 1080 °C for 225 hours. The maximal values of magnetic entropy change for LaFe11.1Co0.8Si1.1Bx(x=0.2, 0.25) were found to be 5.3 and 5.9 J/kg K at Curie temperature for a magnetic field change in 0-1.5 T, respectively. The calculated refrigerant capacity for a field change in 0–1.5 T is about 147 and 107 J/kg K, for LaFe11.1Co0.8Si1.1B0.2and LaFe11.1Co0.8Si1.1B0.25respectively, which is as larger as those of Gd(99.3%) alloy
Design and Experimental Research of Solar Powered Water Pump System Based on Single Chip
Authors: Yue Xue Jun , Hong Tian Sheng , Lu Jian Qiang , Luo Yu Qing
Published: August 2011

In the condition that conventional energy sources are depleted and greatly pollute environment, solar energy as a new energy type, has some advantages which conventional energy sources are not compared with, it has received more and more applications. In this paper, SCM is the control center of the system, the solar energy is convert into electricity stored in battery, and then battery powers to the water pump to ensure the normal operation of the water pump.
Synthesis of Ultrafine Long Afterglow Phosphor with High Brightness via Al2O3 Coating Route
Authors: Dong Yan , Zhou Yang , Gu Wei Jie , Cao Tong
Published: August 2011

Long afterglow phosphor is a special energy-saving material, which can store the energy of light irradiation and release light slowly. Ultrafine aluminate long afterglow phosphor is commonly prepared by the jet milling method. This method results in weak brightness, which restricts its application in delicate printing or textiles. In this study, fine particle aluminate phosphor (5μm) was coated by alumina, and then re-reduced under a high temperature. The alumina film works as a barrier layer, which protects the particles from sintering. The re-reduced phosphor had double afterglow brightness, and the size of the particle retained original level. The influences of pH value and KOH adding speed were investigated, the optimized parameters are: pH = 5, KOH adding speed = 2 ml/min.
Computer Simulation of Icing on NACA0015 Blade Airfoil for Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: Li Yan , Feng Fang , Li Sheng Mao , Tian Wen Qiang
Published: August 2011

In recent years, vertical axis wind turbine is widely used. However, when it is installed in cold regions icing and snow on blade surface will occur in winter. To simulate the situation of icing, computer simulations were carried out on a NACA0015 airfoil which is often used for vertical axis wind turbine. The computations were based on the N-S equation in 2D incompressible steady flow with using the DPM (Discrete Phase Model) to calculate icing. Under the different wind speeds and cold water discharges in cold air, the icing distributions on airfoil at 8 kinds of typical attack angles were calculated. The icing area on the leading edge and trailing edge of blade airfoil were also obtained. Based on these results, the factors affecting the icing on blade surface including wind speed, attack angle and cold water flow discharge were discussed. With the increasing of the flow discharge, the icing area ratio increases and ice accretions become more and more dense.
An Improved Differential Evolution Algorithm for Dynamic Economic Dispatch of Power Systems
Authors: Zheng Hong Feng
Published: August 2011

Differential Evolution (DE), a vector population based stochastic optimization method has been introduced to the public in 1995. During the last 25 years research on and with DE has reached an impressive state, yet there are still many open questions, In this paper ,An improved differential evolution (IDE) algorithm was presented for power system Dynamic economic dispatch(IDED), Dynamic economic dispatch (DED), an extension of the economic dispatch problem, is a method of scheduling the online generators with a predicted load demand over acertain period of time taking into account the various constraints imposed on the system operation. The results indicate that IDE algorithm outperforms GA ,PSO and DE algorithms in solving DED problems.
Optimal Design of the Vibration Device of Block Making Machine
Authors: Liu Hong Quan , Liu Hong Ru , Lu Jin Xi
Published: August 2011

This paper described the theory, source and effect of the vibration of the block making machine. The paper analyzed the situation of beneficial vibration and harmful vibration. The author improved the traditional vibration device of block making machine. The new type of block making machine realized harmless vibration and high efficiency.
Research on Energy Consumption of Screw Compressor under Load/Unload
Authors: Lin Wei Qin , Kong De Wen , Cai Mao Lin
Published: August 2011

This paper analyzes the operation power of screw air compressor and the formula of power of isentropic adiabatic compression is given.Then the influence of leakage with the volume flow is described and the volumetric efficiency is calculated. Based on power and volume flow, the energy consumption model of screw air compressor is established and simulated with MATLAB.Simulation results prove that the optimal value of upper limit exists and the gas consumption affects the value.
Analyzing Relationship between Genetic, Geographical Factors and Protein Content of Winter Wheat at Different Regional Scales
Authors: Dong Ying Ying , Wang Ji Hua , Li Cun Jun , Luo Ju Hua , Wang Hui Fang , Wang Qian , Huang Wen Jiang
Published: August 2011

According to the important status and practical values of geographical factors and genetic factors in protein content estimation of winter wheat, a method analyzing the relationship between factors and protein content was proposed in this paper. In the method, genetic, geographical factors were chosen as independent variables, multivariate nonlinear regression model was introduced to estimate protein content. Firstly, construct one-dimensional nonlinear regression model based on each factor. Secondly, analyze and select sensitive factors on basis of the above simulations. Finally, couple the selected sensitive factors into multivariate nonlinear regression model for protein content estimation. Winter wheat was chosen as experimental subject. The results showed that, at province scale and county scale, the proposed method could not only effectively improve simulation efficiency, but also enhance whole estimation accuracy.
Research on Implementation Strategies of Green Supply Chain Management
Authors: Qin Dian Jun , Guo Xiao Jing
Published: August 2011

The green supply chain management, as a new model of modern management, aims to achieve the goal of the sustainable development of social economy and promote the core competitiveness of enterprises. This paper shall begin with the connotation of supply chain management, then the ways to implement green supply chain management shall be elaborated respectively: promoting environmental legislation, developing cluster supply chain network and eco-industrial park, establishing platform of network information system, cultivating market environment of green consumption, changing environmental conception and cultivating green enterprise culture, re-engineering business process and encouraging green technological innovation, establishing strategic cooperation and constructing performance of evaluation system and generally participating in and inspiring green supply chain management.
Approach Toward Parametric Design of Typical Parts and Parts-Library Based on UG
Authors: Gu Li Zhi , Jie Xiao Jun , Hong Qi
Published: August 2011

With the basic tool of the powerful secondary development function of UG NX and based on the analysis of the characteristics of typical mechanical parts, put forward a digital method and system of parametric design for the parts, created the relavent parts-library for the system. In the parametric design, mechanical parts were divided roughly into four classes according to GT. The characteristic parameters were selected from the shared attributes of each class. By utilizing the secondary development tool of UG/Open, compiled, connected by means of Visual C++, and realized the integration of a mechanical-part orientated UG system for parametric design with user-friendly interface and counterpart dynamic-link library files. Taking characteristic parameters of typical parts as the variables, different models were established through man-computer interaction according to size constraint, and then created the parts-library. The system has worked successfully taking the inner gear as example of the typical part, and given expected result. It is shown from the execution of system that the current system with the virtual parts-library can respond the designer's demand fast, avoid repetition, save manpower and time, and improve the speed of new product development significantly.
Development of Blended Yarns of Slenderized Wool and Mercerized Cotton
Authors: Ji Yi Ping , Wang Rui , Jiang Xiu Ming
Published: August 2011

The self-developed processing technology of slenderized wool and mercerized sliver, fiber performances and technology of blended yarns were introduced. High quality natural fiber blended yarns were obtained through blended spinning of secant slenderized wool and mercerized cotton under certain proportion.