bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN ANALYSIS OF LOW CARBON ENERGY ASSESSORS (LCEA) IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Authors:   School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India-632014, Rajasekharan K. Ayeratharasu , P Porchelvan ,   School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India-632014
Published: January 2022

World has been shifting towards cleaner and safer sources of energy. Reducing the carbon footprint is the need of the hour. Industries all over the globe are researching on reducing the pollution causing emissions and trying to improve in terms of using sustainable sources of energy and saving the environment. This paper would analyse the low carbon energy assessors (LCEA) in the construction industry. A detailed study has been conducted using primary and secondary research to determine the carbon emissions at different stages of construction. The study would help us in identifying the main phases and activities and components, contributing the majority of the carbon footprints. The need of this age is to work on this area and minimise the pollution and harm to the environment. The construction sites chosen are diverse and consist of all types of building in the southern part of India. The highest carbon emission component in building construction is the cement as a large amount of CO2 emission takes place during the manufacturing process of the cement. The minimum carbon emission that takes place due to the components from the building are labour, sand, MS steel and stainless steel. The study would give a high level idea about the impact of low carbon energy assessors (LCEA) in the construction industry.
Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection in the Bhavani Basin of India through Remote Sensing Approach
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, K Manikandan , Rangarajan Sathyanathan ,   SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, TN, India.
Published: January 2022

Using remote sensing data to detect changes in land use and land cover (LULC) is a valuable source of information for various decision support systems. Land use and land cover identification data was used to analyse land conservation, sustainable development, and water resource management. This research aims to determine how the Bhavani basin land use and land cover have changed over the period of time. Land cover changes were detected using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) 30 m resolution images in the GIS environment and with image processing techniques for the four years 1999, 2007, 2014, and 2020. The differences in the landuse and land cover classes are described using ERDAS imagine version 2015 and ARC GIS software. The four land cover classes viz. water body, built-up land, barren land, and vegetation were used to classify the region. The accuracy evaluation was assessed separately using the kappa coefficient after carefully examining the image pre-processing and classification. The overall accuracy in the basin was found to be 83.23%, 86.45%, 85.83%, and 88.75 % with a kappa coefficient of 0.79, 0.81, 0.87, 0.85 for the years 1999, 2007, 2014, and 2020 respectively. The Bhavani basin is mostly covered by barren and vegetation. According to the findings, the basin's built-up area has risen by 1.5 percentage to 3.5 percentage in the last 20 years. The increase in the vegetation area and reduction in the barren area may lead to low soil erosion.
La aplicación de herramientas digitales con el enfoque ontosemiótico y su influencia en el aprendizaje de funciones exponenciales y logarítmicas
Authors: Ruiz Castillo Juan Carlos
Published: January 2022

OBJETIVO: determinar la influencia de la aplicación de herramientas digitales con el enfoque ontosemiótico, en el aprendizaje de las funciones exponenciales y logarítmicas en los estudiantes del Profesorado de Enseñanza Media en Ciencias especializado en Física-Matemática, para poder evidenciar los resultados cognitivos. MÉTODO:  por el tipo de investigación, el método es descriptivo, porque los resultados obtenidos describieron la situación actual del fenómeno en estudio. Es correlacional puesto que se señaló la relación entre  variables. RESULTADOS: se determinó los resultados cognitivos al utilizar herramientas digitales haciendo uso del enfoque ontosemiótico, teniendo un efecto significativo en los estudiantes, los cuales presentaron evaluaciones con las siguientes medidas de tendencia central: promedio de 91 puntos, moda de 94 puntos y mediana de 90 puntos; señalando que la aplicación de herramientas digitales más el uso de EOS puede ayudar a incrementar los conocimientos y así mismo el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. CONCLUSIÓN: se determinó la influencia de la aplicación de herramientas digitales con el Enfoque Ontosemiótico EOS, en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de Matemática II de la Escuela en Formación de Profesores en Enseñanza Media EFPEM, acerca del contenido de las funciones exponenciales y logarítmicas siendo los resultados obtenidos categorizados como excelentes.
Diagnóstico Parcial do Potencial Produtivo de Beneficiários da Resex Tapajós-Arapiuns para Atendimento ao PNAE (Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar)
Authors: Soares Coelho Hillary Lyn , Nóbrega Spínola Jackeline
Published: January 2022

A partir da Lei da Alimentação Escolar, destaca-se o apoio ao desenvolvimento sustentável, com incentivos à aquisição de gêneros alimentícios através do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar. Entretanto, a Reserva Extrativista Tapajós-Arapiuns, localizada no Pará, contém escolas que no momento carecem de infraestrutura e de nutrientes adequados. O objetivo do trabalho foi levantar informações junto aos beneficiários da RESEX sobre seu potencial de produção alimentícia para atendimento da rede pública escolar comunitária. Foram realizadas reuniões em 24 Escolas-Polo, a partir da metodologia do Diagnóstico Rápido e Participativo de Agroecossistemas, foram obtidas informações de infraestrutura, alimentos disponíveis e a produtividade anual por cada família. Todas as escolas possuem gerador de energia, fator limitante pois a RESEX não possui rede elétrica. O transporte dos alimentos até as escolas não possui as adequações necessárias, como as câmaras frias. Foram mencionados no diagnóstico 64 gêneros alimentícios pelos comunitários, sendo os mais indicados a farinha e seus derivados e a galinha caipira. Os resultados demonstraram que existe produção e diversidade de produtos, porém não foi possível comprovar a produção de excedentes para atendimento satisfatório das demandas da alimentação da rede pública escolar comunitária, em virtude de poucos produtores terem aderido ao preenchimento dos questionários, apenas 10% das unidades familiares de 3500 famílias. Evidencia-se que, apesar das dificuldades com o transporte e refrigeração, os comunitários demostraram interesse e possuem disponibilidade para a comercialização dos gêneros junto ao PNAE, entretanto é necessário adequar o beneficiamento dos produtos para a realidade da unidade de conservação.
Preclinical toxicity test results of a new antiviral–immune-modulator compound consisting of flavonoid molecules (COVID-19 clinical trial preliminary data)
Authors: Budak Gürer G. , Özkan Seçil , Budak Mehmet , Şeker Tamay , Meryemoglu Bahar , Miran Şükran Selin , Çoban Canan Çakır , Tarkun Orkun
Published: January 2022

Aim:
Isolated specific glycone–aglycone conjugated flavonoids which are investigated for their effect of bioavailability and molecular concentrations. The specific formula is then tested via in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity tests.
Methods:
Considering the higher affinity for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), quercetin, quercetin 3-sambubioside-3’-glucoside, luteolin, apigenin-7-4’alloside, kaempferol-7-O-glucoside, epicatechin-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate, and hesperetin were selected to investigate the effects of a new combination of the formula. Specific chemical analyses, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (QTOF–MS) analysis and ultraviolet–visible (UV–VIS) spectrophotometry, were performed for molecular qualification and quantification.
Results:
In silico molecular docking analyses have shown that flavonoids can bind strongly to the spike protein and main protease of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Flavonoids also have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating activity by inhibiting cytokines. Although flavonoids may be a treatment alternative for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an effective flavonoid compound has yet to be developed. The main problem here is that the absorption rate of flavonoids is very low (2–10%) in the intestines, and these compounds are metabolized rapidly. In contrast, according to recent literature, a conjugated flavonoid mixture is better absorbed in the small intestine, and its toxic effects are relatively fewer.
Conclusions:
It is found that the new formula has no cytotoxic or genotoxic effects. Furthermore, oral administrations of the new compound did not produce any toxicity symptoms or any mortality in male and female rats. The pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo toxicity test results indicated that the new flavonoid formula can be safely used for clinical trials.
A Közbeszerzési Hatóság legfrissebb állásfoglalásai : 2022. januári összefoglaló
Authors: Nyerges Éva
Published: January 2022

A Közbeszerzési Hatóság állásfoglalások formájában ad felvilágosítást a közbeszerzési eljárásokban résztvevő jogalkalmazók számára a közbeszerzésekről szóló 2015. évi CXLIII. törvény (a továbbiakban: Kbt.) és kapcsolódó végrehajtási rendeleteinek alkalmazásával összefüggő általános jellegű megkeresésekre. Alábbiakban a Kbt. alkalmazásával összefüggő kérdésekre adott válaszainkat rendeztük sorrendbe, bízva abban, hogy iránymutatásaink nem csak a kérdésfeltevőknek, hanem valamennyi Olvasónknak hasznos információkkal szolgálnak. Felhívjuk Tisztelt Olvasóink figyelmét, hogy a közbeszerzésekre irányadó jogszabályok alkalmazásával kapcsolatos döntések meghozatala mindenkor a közbeszerzési eljárások résztvevőinek joga és felelőssége. Hangsúlyozzuk továbbá, hogy az állásfoglalásokban megfogalmazott véleményeknek jogi ereje, kötelező tartalma nincsen.
PROCESSOS DE RACIOCÍNIO MATEMÁTICO EM UMA TAREFA EXPLORATÓRIA
Authors: Oliveira Loryane Santos de , Araman Eliane Maria de Oliveira , Trevisan André Luis
Published: January 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e identificar os processos de raciocínio matemático e suas contribuições para a aprendizagem da Matemática. Para compor o aporte teórico desta pesquisa, foram realizados estudos pautados em diferentes autores sobre o que é raciocínio matemático, seus aspectos estruturais e seus processos, bem como sua relevância para a aprendizagem matemática. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de caráter interpretativo, realizada por meio da aplicação de uma tarefa exploratória em uma turma do 1º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola privada no estado do Paraná, Brasil. A tarefa aplicada foi resolvida por 30 estudantes, organizados em grupos com três integrantes e constituída por questões que instigassem o raciocínio, proporcionando uma comunicação construtiva entre professor e alunos. Foram realizadas gravações de áudios dos momentos de resolução da tarefa pelos alunos, que compõem o corpus de análise desta pesquisa. Como um dos resultados principais, destacamos a presença, de forma mais evidente, da elaboração de conjecturas e a tentativa de validá-las a partir de evidências empíricas, utilização de exemplos genéricos e, em alguns momentos com o auxílio de autoridade externa da professora. Destaca-se também o papel das intervenções da professora no grupo, na qual os questionamentos foram ações fundamentais para que houvesse desenvolvimento do raciocínio, apoiando o trabalho dos alunos e resistindo ao fornecimento de indicações para o desenvolvimento da resolução.
LESSON STUDY E ENGENHARIA DIDÁTICA NA FORMAÇÃO DE (FUTUROS) PROFESSORES DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Silva Aluska Dias Ramos de Macedo , Bellemain Paula Moreira Baltar
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo, apresentaremos uma parte da pesquisa de doutorado sobre a transposição de elementos da Engenharia Didática (ED) para a formação de professores de matemática com base na Lesson Study (LS), realizada em 2018 em uma universidade brasileira. A ED é uma metodologia para pesquisa experimental no ensino de matemática, com forte raiz e base na Teoria das Situações Didáticas. Apresentamos concretamente um caso envolvendo uma aula sobre perímetro. O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar as contribuições de elementos de ambos os processos para promover o desenvolvimento profissional de futuros professores e responsáveis pelo estágio curricular supervisionado. A metodologia é ED. Os resultados mostram que, a LS na formação de futuros professores pode ser aprimorado por elementos da ED, e que essa combinação promoveu a formação e o desenvolvimento profissional dos participantes.
ESTUDO DE AULA NA FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE INICIAL EM MATEMÁTICA: CRIAÇÃO DE UM TERCEIRO ESPAÇO FORMATIVO
Authors: Nascimento Ana Maria Porto , Carvalho Edmo Fernandes , Ramos Priscila Santos
Published: January 2022

Neste artigo, temos o objetivo de discutir o estudo de aula como terceiro espaço formativo num contexto de formação inicial de professores de matemática. Para realização da pesquisa utilizamos as noções teóricas de processo de Lesson Study e Espaços formativos híbridos, como terceiros espaços formativos, alternativos aos convencionais. Participaram da pesquisa 20 licenciandos do curso de Matemática de uma universidade federal da região oeste da Bahia e três professores formadores. A produção dos dados foi baseada na observação de aula, o que se aproximou de um estudo de aula com participação efetiva dos futuros professores. O principal aspecto que caracterizou o estudo de aula como terceiro espaço formativo foi a reunião do conhecimento prático de analisar uma aula em que se assumiu ao mesmo tempo o papel de estudante e observador, o que significou uma nova oportunidade de aprendizagem para os futuros professores em formação, a medida em que, os aproximou de um espaço mais igualitário entre todos colaboradores da pesquisa.
Emerging Technologies for Dentin Caries Detection. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors:   ", Serban Christa ,   Victor Babes",   University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, Romania, Lungeanu Diana , Bota Sergiu-David , Cotca Claudia C. , Negrutiu Meda Lavinia , Duma Virgil-Florin , Sinescu Cosmin , Craciunescu Emanuela Lidia
Published: January 2022

Review question / Objective: What is the diagnostic test accuracy of emerging technologies for non-cavitated dentin caries detection, considering in vivo and in vitro studies that reported results regarding the occlusal and proximal surfaces, over the last 10 years? Information sources: Electronic databases of Medline, Embase, and PubMed were searched for articles published within the last decade (January 2011 to August 2021).in the period mentioned above. Medline and Embase databases were searched concomitantly using the Ovid interface. To find articles potentially missed by the search, Google Scholar was queried for diagnostic validity studies pertaining to technologies for dentin caries diagnosis.
Peran Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi Di Era Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Prianggita Veny Agustini , Meliyawati Meliyawati
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian literatur yang membahas mengenai kondisi pendidikan di era pandemic covid-19, dimana pendidikan wajib berakselerasi tinggi dalam proses pembelajarannya. Teknologi bukan hal baru bagi masyarakat, tetapi perlu sebuah pengkajian mengenai perannya dalam pembelajaran. Sekolah, guru, siswa dan orangtua sama-sama dituntut untuk cepat menyadari peran penting dari media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, selain hanya sebagai sentral dalam pembelajaran. Hasil dari penelitian literatur menunjukkan bahwa peran dari media pembelajaran berbasis teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yaitu semakin terbukanya kesempatan jangkauan secara luas, cepat efektif dan efisien terhadap ilmu pengetahuan baru dengan berbagai pengemasan dan penyebarluasan informasi serta memberikan keluasan peran kepada guru untuk mendesain belajar siswa dengan menekankan pada upaya penyiapan bahan pembelajaran yang menantang, penuh stimulus, tersistematis dan berkesinambungan. Sedangkan siswa diberikan keluasan untuk mengakses pembelajaran yang diberikan guru tersebut melalui kondisi yang didesain guru dan memungkinkan siswa untuk menggali pengetahuan tambahan sebagai pengayaan.
Description Of Error Use Of Indonesian Speaking In Stories Completed Of Elementary School Students
Authors: Saputra Ady
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the Indonesian spelling errors of sixth grade students at SDN 029 Tarakan in writing essays. This becomes a reflection material for teachers, students and schools to make improvements and pay more attention to students' writing skills. Teachers must know the errors in using EBI (Indonesian Spelling) contained in the stories written by students so that mistakes do not occur in other learning. This research also helps students in improving their writing skills. This study uses a qualitative method, namely document review. The results of this study obtained 1) Errors in the use of letters in student essays amounted to 33% of error cases. 2) Word writing errors in students' stories are 27% of error cases. 3) Errors in using punctuation in students' stories are 40% of error cases. The results of this study are expected that teachers who teach focus on providing knowledge, practice and application of the writing process approach, especially Indonesian spelling in essays. And the teacher is able to strive and foster student interest in writing so that students' works are also increasing.
Penggunaan Aplikasi Google Classroom Dalam Upaya Meningkatan Keaktifan Dan Hasil Belajar IPA Materi Kemagnetan Pada Siswa Kelas 9. Di SMP Negeri 1 Duhiadaa Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Rahman Hafendi
Published: January 2022

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan proses dan hasil belajar IPA materi kemagnetan siswa kelas 9.D SMP Negeri 1 Duhiadaa melalui penggunaan aplikasi Google Classroom. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan melalui dua siklus. Jenis penelitian yang dilaksanakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui lembar tes hasil belajar. Teknik analisa data menggunakan teknik desktiptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 9.D SMP Negeri 1 Duhiadaa sebanyak 30 siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan melalui penggunaan aplikasi Google Classroom dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa. Peningkatan keaktifan belajar siswa menunjukkan perolehan pada kondisi awal sebesar 36,67% atau 11 siswa, pada siklus I persentase rata-rata pengamatan keaktifan siswa sebesar 60,00% atau 18 siswa dan pada siklus II persentase rata-rata perilaku siswa sebesar 93,33% atau 28siswa. Peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari 66,67 naik menjadi 73,93 pada siklus pertama, dan 84,67 pada siklus kedua, dengan tingkat ketuntasan belajar sebanyak 9 siswa (30,00%) pada studi awal, meningkat menjadi 50% atau 15 siswa pada siklus pertama, dan 27 siswa atau 90,00% pada siklus kedua. Dari penjelasan di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan aplikasi Google Classroom terbukti dapat meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar IPA materi kemagnetan siswa kelas 9.D SMP Negeri 1 Duhiadaa Dari penjelasan di atas indikator keberhasilan pembelajaran telah tercapai pada siklus kedua, sehingga pelaksanaan perbaikan pembelajaran dinyatakan selesai dan tuntas pada siklus kedua.
Analisis Kluster Terpaan Selektif Dalam Jaringan Informasi Vaksin Covid-19 Di Twitter
Authors: Hasanuddin Fadlih Awwal , Akbar Muh. , Farid Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengedintifikasi kluster yang terbentuk dalam jaringan twiter terkait dengan topik-topik vaksin covis-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis jaringan sosial dengan metode kluster terpaan selektif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah penggunan jaringan sosial twiter dengan kata kunci “vaksin covid-19’ sebagai sampel kluster. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan aplikasi NodeXL. Data dianalisis dengan cara pengelompokan berdasarkan kluster algoritma Clauset-Newman-Moore dengan cara menghitung seluruh jaringan pengguna, tingkat hub dalam kluster, pengelompokan dalam jaringan, menetukan jaringan twiter tertinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akun-akun resmi pemerintah, tokoh politik, dan media massa secara bersamaan muncul pada seluruh kumpulan data sehingga mereka membentuk kluster secara konsisten mendukung keberhasilan program vaksinasi nasional.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Serbuk Kayu Dengan Tema Kearifan Lokal Budaya Betawi di Yayasan Rumah Sinergi Indonesia
Authors: Woelandhary Ayoeningsih Dyah , Cempaka Gilang , Wiadi Iyus , Samri Ira
Published: January 2022

Generasi muda yang tumbuh dan terdampak di masa pandemik menutuhkan sebuah teronosan untuk tetap memiliki jiwa enterpreneurship dan kewirausahaan, dan diberikan peluang untuk memanfaatkan setiap kesempatan. Kegiatan inovatif, enterpreneurship dan kewirausahaan tidak akan sejalan bila tidak diimbangi dengan upaya bagaimana menjaga keberlangsungan dalam menjalankan industri kreatif. Salah satunya yang dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan pengolahan limbah serbuk kayu, yang selama ini menjadi limbah di beberapa sentra industri mebel di daerah Bogor dan Ciputat-Tanggerang, untuk ditingkatkan menjadi produk karya rupa, baik benda produk fungsional, elemen estetis yang memiliki nilai ekonomi dengan aplikasi motif dan ornament Betawi pada produk yang dihasilkan. Metoda pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan bentuk pendampingan wawasan dan keterampilan, hingga dapat menumbuhkan kemandirian kelak pada remaja binaan.
Characterization of a Commercial Axial Flow PAT Through a Structured Methodology Step-by-Step
Authors: Diego Penagos-Vásquez  , Jonathan Graciano-Uribe  , Edward Torres
Published: January 2022

A centrifugal pump as a turbine (PAT) is the inverse operation of a conventional pump, which takes advantage of the hydraulic energy of water to convert it into rotational mechanical energy and subsequently into electrical energy, through a generator. The CFD analysis allows predicting the fluid dynamic behavior and calculating the operating characteristic curve of the PAT, thus reducing costs in experimental setups. In the literature, the operation of the turbomachine in pump and turbine mode is evidenced. However, there is no methodology applied in commercial axial flow pumps that exposes a structured step-by-step to carry out the numerical and fluid dynamic analysis. In this study, a novel structured methodology is developed describing the numerical and CFD analysis of a commercial axial flow centrifugal pump, which allows validating the characteristic curve in pump mode and then obtaining the site conditions in turbine mode, for its application in small hydroelectric power plants. As a result, in pump mode, an error of less than 8% is obtained between the manufacturer's curve and the numerical curve. In turbine mode, the best performance is around 73%. The aim is to propose a replicable algorithm in future works that allows the proper analysis in commercial axial flow pumps.
Comparison of 2D and 3D Modelling Applied to Single Phase Flow of Nanofluid through Corrugated Channels
Authors: Elhadi Kh. Abugnah  , Wan Saiful-Islam Wan Salim  , Abdulhafid M. Elfaghi  , Zamani Ngali
Published: January 2022

Nanofluid flow through non-corrugated and corrugated channels is studied using a two-dimensional (2D) and three dimensions (3D) numerical simplification. Due to the high computational costs of a full 3D grid model, the 2D approach offer a more practical advantage. However, little information about its validity is available. The aim of this study is to explore to which extent 2D simulations can describe the ﬂow within a 3D geometry, and to investigate how effective the commonly used 2D numerical simplification is in nanofluid flow through non-corrugated and corrugated channels. A case study has implemented with 2D and 3D mesh models to compare their results taking into consideration the analysis of heat transfer and pressure drop. A simulation has been carried out using Ansys fluent software to compare the results for different Reynolds Numbers ranges from 10000 to 30000 and different geometries non-corrugated, semicircle and rectangular channels. The results show that for non-corrugated channel there is a slight difference between 2D and 3D results for all Reynolds number ranges, while for both semicircle and rectangular corrugated channels, the difference becomes larger for high Reynold’s Number.
Stability Solution of Unsteady Stagnation-Point Flow and Heat Transfer over a Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in Nanofluid with Slip Velocity Effect
Authors: Nor Fadhilah Dzulkifli  , Norfifah Bachok  , Nor Azizah Yacob  , Ioan Pop  , Norihan Arifin  , Haliza Rosali
Published: January 2022

Computational of unsteady flow with slip condition is essential since physically the heat transfer process is time-dependent and there may exist slip between fluid and surface. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the unsteady stagnation-point flow and heat transfer over a stretching/shrinking sheet immersed in nanofluid in the presence of slip velocity. By applying boundary layer theory and Tiwari-Das model, the governing equations are developed and transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation, which are then solved numerically using bvp4c solver in MATLAB. The influence of slip velocity, stretching/shrinking parameters, nanoparticle volume fraction and unsteadiness parameter on the local skin friction coefficient, local Nusselt number, as well as velocity and temperature profiles are analysed. There are three types of nanoparticles considered, namely Copper (Cu), Alumina (Al203), Titania (TiO2) and water (H20) is the base fluid. It is found that dual solutions occur for certain parameters and the stability analysis is performed. The analysis shows that the first solutions are found to be stable than the second solution. The local skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number are increasing with slip velocity, nanoparticle volume fraction for shrinking case; however, the opposite trend is observed for stretching case. By raising 20% of nanoparticle volume fraction for the shrinking sheet ( the friction at the surface increases 24% and 15.5% for heat transfer rate for the first solution. Moreover, for 10% of nanoparticle volume fraction for the shrinking sheet (and the first solution, varying slip parameters from 0 to 0.2, give rise to approximately 21% of the friction at the surface and 68% of the heat transfer rate.
Mortality Rate Differentiation in Russia in 2019-2020: COVID-19 Pandemic and Other Factors
Authors: Kuchmaeva O. V. , Kalmykova N. M. , Kolotusha A. V.
Published: January 2022

The aim of the work is to find the factors that caused the differences in the change in the mortality rate in the regions caused by the pandemic. Using the data of official statistics and the results of regionally representative data of sample socio-demographic surveys of Rosstat, the authors attempt to achieve the goal by methods of both demographic and statistical analysis. The analysis showed that a significant part of the variation of regions in terms of mortality growth is explained by the characteristics of the demographic structure of the region (a high proportion of elderly people in the region, a large household size, the proportion of people with cancer in the region), as well as high population density and frequency of social contacts (especially in large cities). It was noteworthy that there was no significant impact on the regional differentiation of mortality from the availability of medical services and the scale of health infrastructure, which apparently indicates that in 2020 the probability of dying from COVID-19 or concomitant complications did not depend much on the actions of doctors and the equipment of hospitals. The paper also highlights the problem of imperfection of the research information base in terms of the selection of objective indicators and methods for analyzing the contribution of the COVID-19 epidemic to the level and dynamics of mortality.
Nationalists and the Mediterranean in the Liberal Era
Authors: McGuire Valerie
Published: January 2022

Studies of Italian empire in the Liberal era period tend to emphasize the campaigns to establish settlement colonies in East Africa. But Italian resettlement in East Africa entwined with the desire to achieve some form of empire in the Mediterranean basin, where hundreds of thousands of emigrants resided under the flags of the British and French empires. This chapter examines writing by well-known nationalists of the Liberal era—Gabriele D’Annunzio, Giuseppe Sergi, Edmondo De Amicis, Enrico Corradini, Luigi Federzoni and Orazio Pedrazzi—to show how representations of the Mediterranean revived the constitutive link between nation and empire that had been a hallmark of the nineteenth-century wars of the Italian unification. Nationalists inscribed the region with special meaning, an ‘unadulterated cultural significance,’ that was rooted in the memory of Greco-Roman empire and Renaissance histories of Venetian and Genoese maritime expansion. But these authors also navigated proximity to the African continent and the Levant (or Ottoman Near East) imagining it to be a dangerous frontier of national and racial degeneration. This paradoxical condition of fabled self and dangerous Other formed the basis for Mediterranean-ism, Italy’s own version of Orientalism as adapted for its nationalist goals.
The Effect of Solar Wind Turbulence on Parallel and Oblique Firehose Instabilities
Authors: Markovskii S. A. , Vasquez Bernard J.
Published: January 2022

We consider the firehose instability coexisting with the omnipresent ambient solar wind turbulence. The characteristic temporal and spatial scales of the turbulence are comparable to those of the instability. Therefore, turbulence may violate the common assumption of a uniform and stationary background used to describe instabilities and make the properties of the instabilities different. To investigate this effect, we perform three-dimensional hybrid simulations with particle-in-cell ions and a quasi-neutralizing electron fluid. We find that the turbulence significantly reduces the growth rates and saturation levels of both instabilities. Comparing the cases with and without turbulence, the former results in a higher temperature anisotropy in the asymptotic marginally stable state at large times. In the former case, the distribution function averaged over the simulation box is also closer to the initial one.
Particle Acceleration by Pickup Process Upstream of Relativistic Shocks
Authors: Iwamoto Masanori , Amano Takanobu , Matsumoto Yosuke , Matsukiyo Shuichi , Hoshino Masahiro
Published: January 2022

Particle acceleration at magnetized purely perpendicular relativistic shocks in electron–ion plasmas is studied by means of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. Magnetized shocks with the upstream bulk Lorentz factor γ
1 ≫ 1 are known to emit intense electromagnetic waves from the shock front, which induce electrostatic plasma waves (wakefield) and transverse filamentary structures in the upstream region via stimulated/induced Raman scattering and filamentation instability, respectively. The wakefield and filaments inject a fraction of the incoming particles into a particle acceleration process, in which particles are once decoupled from the upstream bulk flow by the wakefield, and are picked up again by the flow. The picked-up particles are accelerated by the motional electric field. The maximum attainable Lorentz factor is estimated as

γ

max
,
e

∼
α

γ

1

3

for electrons and

γ

max
,
i

∼
(
1
+

m

e

γ

1

/

m

i

)

γ

1

2

for ions, where α ∼ 10 is determined from our simulation results. α can increase up to γ
1 for a weakly magnetized shock if γ
1 is sufficiently large. This result indicates that highly relativistic astrophysical shocks such as external shocks of gamma-ray bursts can be an efficient particle accelerator.
Considerations for Optimizing the Photometric Classification of Supernovae from the Rubin Observatory
Authors: Alves Catarina S. , Peiris Hiranya V. , Lochner Michelle , McEwen Jason D. , Allam Tarek , Biswas Rahul ,   The LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration
Published: January 2022

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory will increase the number of observed supernovae (SNe) by an order of magnitude; however, it is impossible to spectroscopically confirm the class for all SNe discovered. Thus, photometric classification is crucial, but its accuracy depends on the not-yet-finalized observing strategy of Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). We quantitatively analyze the impact of the LSST observing strategy on SNe classification using simulated multiband light curves from the Photometric LSST Astronomical Time-Series Classification Challenge (PLAsTiCC). First, we augment the simulated training set to be representative of the photometric redshift distribution per SNe class, the cadence of observations, and the flux uncertainty distribution of the test set. Then we build a classifier using the photometric transient classification library snmachine, based on wavelet features obtained from Gaussian process fits, yielding a similar performance to the winning PLAsTiCC entry. We study the classification performance for SNe with different properties within a single simulated observing strategy. We find that season length is important, with light curves of 150 days yielding the highest performance. Cadence also has an important impact on SNe classification; events with median inter-night gap <3.5 days yield higher classification performance. Interestingly, we find that large gaps (>10 days) in light-curve observations do not impact performance if sufficient observations are available on either side, due to the effectiveness of the Gaussian process interpolation. This analysis is the first exploration of the impact of observing strategy on photometric SN classification with LSST.
H-band Light Curves of Milky Way Cepheids via Difference Imaging
Authors: Konchady Tarini , Oelkers Ryan J. , Jones David O. , Yuan Wenlong , Macri Lucas M. , Peterson Erik R. , Riess Adam G.
Published: January 2022

We present H-band light curves of Milky Way classical Cepheids observed as part of the Dark Energy, H
0, and peculiar Velocities using Infrared Light from Supernovae survey with the Wide-Field Infrared Camera on the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope. Due to the crowded nature of these fields caused by defocusing the Camera, we performed difference-imaging photometry by modifying a pipeline originally developed to analyze images from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. We achieved a photometric precision in line with expectations from photon statistics, reaching 0.01 mag for 8 ≲ H ≲ 11 mag. We used the resulting Cepheid light curves to derive corrections to “mean light” for random-phase Hubble Space Telescope observations in F160W. We find good agreement with previous phase corrections based on VI light curves from the literature, with a mean difference of −1 ± 6 mmag.
Superhorizon Perturbations: A Possible Explanation of the Hubble–Lemaître Tension and the Large-scale Anisotropy of the Universe
Authors: Tiwari Prabhakar , Kothari Rahul , Jain Pankaj
Published: January 2022

Current cosmological observations point to a serious discrepancy between the observed Hubble parameter obtained using direct versus cosmic microwave background radiation measurements. Besides this so-called Hubble–Lemaître tension, we also find considerable evidence in diverse cosmological observables that indicate violation of the cosmological principle. In this paper, we suggest that both these discrepancies are related and can be explained by invoking superhorizon perturbations in the universe. We implement this by considering a single superhorizon mode and showing that it leads to both a dipole in large-scale structures and a shift in the Hubble–Lemaître parameter. Furthermore, the shift is found to be independent of redshift up to a certain distance. This is nicely consistent with the data.
Plasma Emission Induced by Electron Beams in Weakly Magnetized Plasmas
Authors: Chen Yao , Zhang Zilong , Ni Sulan , Li Chuanyang , Ning Hao , Kong Xiangliang
Published: January 2022

Previous studies on the beam-driven plasma emission process were done mainly for unmagnetized plasmas. Here we present fully kinetic electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations to investigate this process in weakly magnetized plasmas of the solar corona conditions. The primary mode excited is the beam-Langmuir (BL) mode via classical bump-on-tail instability. Other modes include the Whistler (W) mode excited by electron cyclotron resonance instability, the generalized Langmuir (GL) waves that include a superluminal Z-mode component with smaller wavenumber k and a thermal Langmuir component with larger k, and the fundamental (F) and harmonic (H) branches of plasma emission. Further simulations of different mass and temperature ratios of electrons and protons indicate that the GL mode and the two escaping modes (F and H) correlate positively with the BL mode in intensity, supporting that they are excited through nonlinear wave–wave coupling processes involving the BL mode. We suggest that the dominant process is the decay of the primary BL mode. This is consistent with the standard theory of plasma emission. However, the other possibility of a Z + W → O–F coalescing process for the F emission cannot be ruled out completely.
Scant Evidence for the Gangotri Wave
Authors: Dame T. M.
Published: January 2022

This is a brief rebuttal to the recent paper by Veena et al. entitled “A Kpc Scale Molecular Wave in the Inner Galaxy: Feather of the Milky Way?” I argue that no robust evidence is presented in the paper to support their claimed discovery of “one of the largest and most intriguing structures identified in the Milky Way,” a structure they call the Gangotri wave.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Patients’ Practices, Knowledge and Attitudes of Antibiotics among Iraqi Population
Authors: Al-Taie Anmar , Hussein Ali N , Albasry Zahraa
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The misconception and misuse of antibiotics among the public has been widely outlined to be one of the main reasons for bacterial resistance. The aim of the present study was to assess the practices, level of knowledge and attitudes regarding the rational and self-medication use of antibiotics in the general public in different districts of Baghdad province, Iraq.

Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted among 384 participants through an interview using a structured 3-parts questionnaire, consisting of 24 items assessing the demographic characteristics, practices, level of knowledge and attitude towards rational antibiotics use.

Results: 45.8% of the study participants reported self-medication of antibiotics without prescription. Flu/common cold and sore throat represented the majority of medical conditions for antibiotics intake without prescription (44.9%, 31.3%) respectively. Oral amoxicillin (34.1%) was the most common non-prescription antibiotic. 50.3% had education about the rational use of antibiotics. 41.4% reported intake of antibiotics after having medical advice, 44% suggested their antibiotics not to be used by other members, and 52.9% stated the importance of antibiotic education among the public. However, 57% of the respondents had negative attitudes regarding antibiotics use for sore throat/fever, the effectiveness of antibiotics for cold/flu (54.7%) and cough (49.2%), to keep antibiotics for future use (40.9%) and not completing the antibiotic course after feeling well (49.2%).

Conclusions: A widespread use of antibiotics without prescription was reported, providing some crucial gaps and a lower level of practice, knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of antibiotics among a sample of the Iraqi population.
A retrospective evaluation of COVID-19 patients treated with Tocilizumab: who should be treated?
Authors: Çelik Ekinci Semiha , Akkaya Işık Sinem
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Tocilizumab, can be used in the treatment of COVID-19 in patients developing cytokine storms. This study retrospectively evaluated patients treated with Tocilizumab.

Methodology: This study included 23 patients (17 men) admitted to the hospital and received Tocilizumab due to cytokine storms. The patients were categorized into three groups: “moderate, severe, and critical”. Clinical outcomes after 7 days of hospitalization were classified as “death, disease aggravation, clinical stabilization, and clinical improvement”.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 58±10.1 years. 52.2% of the patients were severely ill, and 47.8% were critically ill. After tocilizumab treatment, the mean lymphocyte count increased in all patients; the C-reactive protein levels dropped rapidly, except for one patient. After the first dose, the patients' fever dropped dramatically, and their oxygen support needs decreased. During the treatment, 82.6% of the patients were in the intensive care unit. At the end of the treatment, 56.5% had clinical improvement, 13% had clinical stabilization, and 4.3% had aggravation. Mortality occurred in 26.1%; 60.9% were discharged within a mean time of 19.14 ± 13.57 days after their treatment, and 18.2% of the critically ill and 91.7% of the severely ill patients recovered.

Conclusions: Despite high rates of recovery and discharge after the tocilizumab treatment in the severely ill patients, more than half of the critically ill patients died. Early tocilizumab treatment resulted in a high survival rate and reduced the rates of progression to more critical states and mortality. Tocilizumab treatment should be given early in patients developing cytokine storms.
COVID-19 imported cases and severity: expected information from genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 strains in Mozambique
Authors: Sumbana José , Passanduca Alfeu , Rubino Salvatore
Published: January 2022

Introduction: The novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in China in December 2019 and spread worldwide. As of March 6th, 2021, there have been 116,670,105 million confirmed cases globally including 2,592,085 deaths. COVID-19 cases have been reported in 219 countries and territories, creating global panic. Mozambique has witnessed the evolution of COVID-19 epidemic associated with the weakness of health system, mostly in terms of laboratory diagnosis capacity, concerns on compliance to effective public health measures including physical distancing, use of masks in crowded indoor areas, hand hygiene, isolation and quarantine of people.

Methodology: The data included in this study were collected from published articles regarding COVID-19 imported cases and severity in Africa, especially in Mozambique. Additionally, official documents of COVID-19 epidemiology from Minister of Health and National Institute of Health of Mozambique from 22nd of March 2020 to 1st of August 2020 were included.

Results: The SARS-CoV-2 strains imported mainly from South Africa and European countries might have been playing an important role on COVID-19 epidemic evolution in Mozambique.

Conclusions: These circulating strains in the country, might be similar enough to the strains found in other countries, yet the genomic characterization is needed particularly during the phase of borders reopening through understanding the source of infections and guiding the implementation of containment and mitigation measures in the country.
The Disseminated tuberculosis with cavitary lung lesion and tuberculoma in a six-month-old Libyan infant
Authors: Dakheel Monira Ali , Najaim Abdelrahman Mohammed , Moslah Ahmed Mesbah , Buni Halima Daw
Published: January 2022

The patient of the report is a six- month-old Libyan female, who presented with a history of fever, persistent cough, and an attack of seizure. The patient has been diagnosed with a case of brain Tuberculoma and cavitation in the right lung based on the Brain Magnetic resonance imaging and the Chest Computed tomography scan, respectively. Subsequently, the patient was treated with antituberculous drugs and corticosteroids. After finishing the treatment, the patient has been cured. This case illustrates the possibility of developing early disseminated tuberculosis during infancy and highlights the difficulties of the diagnosis during the early stages of the disease. The case emphasizes the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment to prevent severe consequences in infancy.
New species and new records of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China, and resurrection of Scolytoplatypus sinensis (Tsai & Huang, 1965) as a distinct species
Authors: Liao Song , Lai Shengchang , Beaver Roger A. , Gebhardt Heiko , Wang Jianguo
Published: January 2022

This study describes two new species, Scolytoplatypus wugongshanensis Liao, Lai & Beaver, sp. nov. and S. skyliuae Liao, Lai & Beaver, sp. nov., reinstates S. sinensis (Tsai & Huang, 1965) from synonymy with S. mikado (Blandford, 1893), and records five species for the first time from China, S. brahma Blandford, 1898, S. curviciliosus Gebhardt, 2006, S. minimus Hagedorn, 1904, S. ruficauda Eggers, 1939, S. samsinghensis Maiti & Saha, 2009, and three from mainland China, S. blandfordi Gebhardt, 2006, S. calvus Beaver & Liu, 2007, S. pubescens Hagedorn, 1904. A key to the males of Scolytoplatypus species in China is given. Genetic data from four genes indicate a rather isolated position for both new species, although their genetic relationship to each other was close.
The second species of the genus Ivoria Kontschán, 2019: description of Ivoria alourouai sp. nov. from Ivory Coast (Acari, Mesostigmata, Urodinychidae)
Authors: Kontschán Jenő , Ermilov Sergey G.
Published: January 2022

A new Ivoria species (Ivoria alourouaisp. nov.) is described from Ivory Coast based on five females. The new species differs from the previously described congener (Ivoria taienesis Kontschán, 2019) based on the shape of female genital shield, dorsal setae, centro-caudal part of the marginal shield and peritremes.
Le chemin trouble du consentement. Du consentement formel au consentement existentiel
Authors: Pierron Jean-Philippe
Published: January 2022

Consentir, du latin (consentio) : être de même sentiment ; faire cause commune, ne porte pas encore la dimension d'autorisation, qui constitue le noyau juridique et contractuel du consentement, pas plus qu'il ne fait référence à un acte moral ou à une décision libre par lequel on s'engage absolument à accepter ou à accomplir quelque chose. Si la dimension contractuelle du consentement n'épuise pas ce qui le devance en amont ou lui succède en aval, dans l'histoire des acteurs s'ouvre alors un vaste champ à investiguer. Il est des accords irréfléchis ou tacites ou des adhésions longuement délibérées et explicites. Au consentement comme forme contractuelle ne convient-il pas d'adjoindre une compréhension du consentement comme un travail des subjectivités dans le temps ? Cet article prend les exemples du consentement dans le cadre du numérique, du consentement éclairé en médecine et du consentement en matière de mœurs pour explorer ces dimensions.