bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penanganan Keluhan, Komunikasi Pemasaran dan Kepercayaan Terhadap Loyalitas di PT Jati Jaya Lestari
Authors: Noverina Selly , Alexander Ferderich Apriadi , Purba Mohd. Nawi , Auza Ara
Published: December 2024

Perusahaan harus mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi loyalitas pelanggan untuk meningkatkan penjualan karena loyalitas pelanggan sangat penting bagi mereka. Pengaruh penanganan keluhan, komunikasi pemasaran, dan kepercayaan pelanggan di PT Jati Jaya Lestari adalah tujuan penelitiannya. Metode deskriptif kuantitatif yang dipakai. Sampel dikumpulkan secara acak. Total sampel yang dipakai dihitung memakai rumus Cochran; totalnya 96 sampel. Data didapatkan menggunakan kuesioner yang diberikan untuk peserta. Untuk menganalisis data, penelitian ini menerapkan uji validitas, reliabilitas, asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, koefisien determinasi, dan uji F dan T. Hasilnya menggambarkan bahwa, variabel penanganan keluhan, komunikasi pemasaran, dan kepercayaan berpengaruh secara parsial dan simultan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan di PT Jati Jaya Lestari. Jumlah variabel bebas yang memengaruhi loyalitas adalah 73,5%, variabel luar penelitian memengaruhi 26,5%.
Implementasi Machine Learning untuk Deteksi Intrusi pada Jaringan Komputer
Authors: Sari Dyan Prawita , Halim Zuhri , Irlon Irlon , Waseso Bayu , Saromah Saromah
Published: December 2024

Dalam era digital yang semakin berkembang, keamanan jaringan komputer menjadi isu yang sangat penting, terutama dengan meningkatnya ancaman dari serangan siber. Salah satu metode yang efektif dalam mendeteksi ancaman tersebut adalah melalui implementasi machine learning. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengevaluasi model machine learning yang mampu mendeteksi intrusi pada jaringan komputer secara real-time. Model yang diusulkan menggunakan teknik supervised learning, di mana dataset yang berisi lalu lintas jaringan normal dan lalu lintas yang mengandung serangan digunakan untuk melatih algoritma. Algoritma yang dipertimbangkan meliputi Decision Tree, Random Forest, dan Support Vector Machine (SVM). Penelitian ini juga melakukan analisis komparatif untuk menilai kinerja masing-masing algoritma dalam hal akurasi, presisi, recall, dan waktu pemrosesan. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa model machine learning yang diterapkan mampu mendeteksi berbagai jenis serangan dengan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi, mencapai lebih dari 95% pada dataset uji. Selain itu, Random Forest terbukti menjadi algoritma yang paling efektif dalam mendeteksi intrusi dengan keseimbangan terbaik antara akurasi dan waktu pemrosesan. Implementasi sistem ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan deteksi intrusi pada jaringan komputer, sehingga membantu dalam menjaga keamanan data dan mengurangi potensi kerugian akibat serangan siber.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Pencatatan Barang Inventaris Berbasis Web Pada MTS AL-ROZI
Authors: Mustani Mustani , Cristian Andi , Suhartini Suhartini
Published: December 2024

Inventory is the process of recording inventory items in a particular institution or organization which is carried out in order to make it easier for an institution or organization to manage each inventory item they have. According to the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI), inventory is a list of all items belonging to an institution, be it a school, office, company or government, which are used as tools for its operational activities.
Factors Forming E-Trust that Attract Interest in Buying Classic Model Watches
Authors: Sudirman Rendy , Enas Ujang
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine the development and changes in trends among consumers in the digital era through the analysis of buying interest in classic type watch consumers who are influenced by price, brand image, and product design through e-trust. The research method uses descriptive quantitative method with structural equation model analysis technique through survey method of purposive sampling technique on 135 respondents of classic watch fans in East Priangan area. The results showed that price has a negative effect on e-trust, brand image has a positive effect, as well as product design which has a positive effect on e-trust, and e-trust moderates the independent variables positively and significantly on purchase intention. Existing gaps due to the effect of price can be added to discount prices, promotions, and service times to identify gaps in further research.
Digital Transformation: The Utilization of Information and Communication Technology to Enhance Educational Management Efficiency in the Modern Era
Authors: Harini Hegar , Ripki Ahmad Jauhari Hamid , Sulistianingsih Sulistianingsih , Herlina Herlina , Putri Arbiana
Published: December 2024

Digital transformation in educational management has become a significant phenomenon in recent decades, especially with the rapid advancement of information and communication technology (ICT). In this modern era, education is not only viewed as a classroom-based learning process but has expanded to include digital platforms that support teaching, assessment, and administration. This study aims to analyze how ICT utilization can enhance the efficiency of educational management, focusing on the factors influencing the successful implementation of digital transformation in educational institutions. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a literature review design. Data collection was conducted using secondary data from relevant scientific articles published between 2014 and 2024, with sources obtained from Google Scholar. The study’s findings indicate that digital transformation in educational management, through the use of ICT, has proven to be a key factor in improving operational efficiency, the quality of learning, and the accessibility of educational services. The use of digital platforms such as e-learning, school management systems, and modern administrative technologies facilitates more efficient and responsive management. Despite challenges such as the digital divide, human resource readiness, and data security, the proper implementation of technology can support the sustainability of education in the modern era.
The representation of social concept in Coca-Cola advertisement
Authors: Amelia Alma Dwi , Suyatman Ujang , Sulaeman Dedi
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to understand how Coca-Cola advertisements construct representations of social concepts in Coca-Cola advertisements. This research utilized qualitative methods to describe data analysis. The results of the first research showed that the Coca-Cola advertising sign contains a social concept in every advertisement displayed in advertisements on YouTube. Coca-Cola advertisements often show many people involved in them, such as interactions, relationships and dynamics between individuals or groups in society which have positive values, so that social value concepts appear in them, namely social communication, togetherness, tolerance and also concern for the environment. In the first study, researchers used the semiotic theory triangle based on Charles Sanders Peirce to describe social concepts in Coca-Cola YouTube advertisements. The author uses semiotic theory based on Charles Sanders Peirce. This theory aims to determine the relationship between representation, objects and interpretants in Coca-Cola. Furthermore, the results of the research by the two researchers found the value of the social concept in Coca-Cola's YouTube advertisement, which shows the value of social communication, togetherness, tolerance, and also concern for the environment. In addition, the researcher explains the values found, so this research is: The social signs of the concepts displayed in Coca-Cola advertisements certainly have social values that we can encounter in everyday life.
Development of a fluorescent rapid method for assessing the primary production of phytoplankton as an initial link in carbon flux at the “Gelendzhik” carbon supersite
Authors: Mosharov Sergey A. , Rebetskaya Elena A.
Published: December 2024

The parameters of primary productivity were studied in different seasons at the carbon polygon: the rate of primary production, the concentration of chlorophyll a, the assimilation number (AN), the rate of electron transport in photosystem II of phytoplankton (rETR), and the photosynthetic efficiency (AN/rETR). The direct correlation between the values of AN and rETR allows using the coefficient of photosynthetic efficiency to calculate primary production in mass units of carbon to assess the carbon flux from the atmosphere. This coefficient has seasonal specificity.
Microstructure, Recovery Stress and Mechanical Property of Direct Energy Deposition Welded Fe-Mn-Si Based Shape Memory Alloy
Authors: Kim Taeyoon , Kim Dohyung , Lee Wookjin , Kim Wangryeol
Published: December 2024

Direct Energy Deposition (DED) is one of the main methods of additive manufacturing in which a feedstock material in the form of powder or wire is delivered to a substrate while an energy source, such as laser beam or electron beam, is simultaneously applied to melt the feedstock. In addition to fabricating complex three-dimensional shapes using computer aided design, the DED laser welding process can be employed to fill complex shaped gaps between two objects. In this study, 3 mm thick Fe-based shape memory alloy plates with a 45° groove were welded by DED using high manganese steel powder filler. The process parameters including scan speed, hatch spacing, and layer thickness were fixed at values of 840 mm/min, 0.3 mm, 0.15 mm, respectively and laser power was varied during the welding process from 150 W to 300 W. Microstructures of the welds showed different shapes and quantities of defects such as cracks, pores and a lack of fusion depending on the laser power used. Laser power of 150 W showed crack-free weldment with the highest mechanical properties. The tensile strength and recovery stress of the welded sample were higher than the base metal, demonstrating the potential high performance of welding Fe-Mn-Si shape memory alloy components using the L-DED.
Effects of Polyethylene Glycol and Chloride Ion on Copper Electroplating at High Current Density
Authors: Yoon Jun-Seo , Woo Tae-Gyu , Park Il-Song
Published: December 2024

To determine the effect of Polyethylene Glycol(PEG) and Chloride ions(Cl-) as additives during electroplating, this study used interaction plots of various characteristics of the electroplated Cu foils for analyses. Crystals of about 2 µm in size were observed on the surface of Cu electroplated in the electrolyte without PEG. When 30-100 ppm PEG was added, the crystal size and surface roughness decreased in relation to the amount of PEG. However, there were lots of dented areas, which became fewer as Chloride ions were increased from 20 ppm to 40 ppm. When 300 ppm PEG was added, the dented areas were not observed. Nevertheless, the surface morphology was very irregular and rough. In the group with 30-100 ppm PEG added, the resistivity decreased due to the increase in grain size. Moreover, the tendency of crystals to grow preferentially in the direction of the (111) plane led to an increased resistance to EM(electro-migration). When 40 ppm of chloride ions and 100 ppm of PEG were added, the yield strength increased by 22.4%, the tensile strength increased by 28.7%, and the elongation increased by 293.5% compared to the group without additives. This study showed that a combination of appropriate additives and amounts was required to form copper foils with low surface roughness, excellent electrical properties, and EM resistance and low corrosion rate. Therefore, with 100 ppm added PEG, it is necessary to add 20 ppm of chloride ions to ensure a low corrosion rate and 40 ppm of chloride ions for high mechanical properties.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties of Fe1-xCoxSe2: Impact of Phase Transition and Point Defects
Authors: Park Hyunjin , Kim Junsu , Kim Se-Jun , Seo Won-Seon , Kim Hyun-Sik , Kim Sang-il
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the thermoelectric properties of Fe1-xCoxSe2 (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1) alloys using theoretical modeling approaches. The Single Parabolic Band (SPB) model was employed to calculate band parameters such as density-of-states effective mass (md*), non-degenerate mobility (μ0), weighted mobility (μw), and B-factor. As the alloying content (x) increased, the B-factor improved, leading to higher predicted maximum zT values. For CoSe2 (x = 1), optimizing the carrier concentration to ~1.3 × 1019 cm-3 can potentially enhance zT to ~0.64, a 21-fold increase over the experimental value (~0.03). The Callaway-von Baeyer (CvB) model was used to analyze thermal transport properties, revealing that the increased x strengthens phonon scattering by point defects, resulting in a continuous decrease in lattice thermal conductivity (k1). Specifically, a phase transition from orthorhombic to cubic structure occurs as x increases, with a mixed phase observed at x = 0.75 and a complete transition to cubic at x = 1. This structural change significantly impacts both electronic and phonon band structures, leading to a dramatic increase in the B-factor and a substantial reduction in k1 for x > 0.75. These findings suggest that CoSe2 alloying, coupled with the induced phase transition, can significantly improve the thermoelectric performance of FeSe2-CoSe2 alloys.
Fen Bilimleri Derslerinde Teknoloji Kullanımına Yönelik Motivasyon Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Şahin Aydemir Sonay , Kızılay Esra
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin Fen Bilimleri dersinde teknoloji kullanımına yönelik motivasyon düzeylerini ölçen geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Yapılan çalışma nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama deseni kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmanın araştırma grubunda Kayseri İli ve çeşitli ilçelerinde yer alan MEB’e bağlı ortaokullarda öğrenim gören öğrenciler yer almaktadır. Araştırma grubunda yer alan öğrenciler 5. sınıf, 6. sınıf, 7. sınıf, 8. sınıf seviyelerinde öğrenim gören 600 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Gerçekleştirilen çalışmada örneklem seçimi amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme yöntemine göre yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışma “ARCS Motivasyon Kuramı” temel alınarak öğrencilerin Fen Bilimleri derslerinde teknoloji kullanımına yönelik motivasyon düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla ölçek geliştirilmiştir. Alan yazın incelemesi sonucunda yazarlar tarafından 28 maddelik madde havuzu oluşturulup, dört uzmanın görüşüne sunularak çeşitli düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Düzenlemeler neticesinde taslak ölçek oluşturulmuştur. 600 ortaokul öğrencisine uygulanan taslak ölçek için analizler yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı Faktör analizi sonucunda KMO değeri 0.932 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Toplam varyans değerinin ise %50.173 olarak açıklandığı tespit edilmiştir. Faktör analizi sonucunda 21 maddelik ölçek üzerinde güvenirlik analizi yapılmış olup, Cronbach Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı 0.906 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak ortaokul öğrencilerin Fen Bilimleri derslerinde teknoloji kullanımına yönelik motivasyon düzeyini belirleyen geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirilmiştir.
Ebeveyn Duygusal Erişilebilirliği ve Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı: Yalnızlığın Aracı Rolü
Authors: Dadandı İbrahim , Aydın Fatih
Published: December 2024

Sosyal medyanın aşırı ve problemli kullanımı özellikle genç nüfus arasında yaygın bir sorundur. Son araştırmalar bireylerin sosyal medya bağımlılığı eğilimleri ve ebeveynleri ile olan ilişkilerinin niteliği arasındaki anlamlı ilişkilere vurgu yapmasına karşın, bu bağlantıların altında yatan psikolojik mekanizmalar yeterince incelenmemiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı ebeveyn duygusal erişilebilirliği ile sosyal medya bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkide yalnızlığın aracı rolünü incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 192’si (%58.9) kadın, 134’ü (%41.1) erkek olmak üzere toplam 326 üniversite öğrencisine ulaşılmış ve çevrimiçi anket ile veri toplanmıştır. Veri toplama araçları arasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Ebeveyn Duygusal Erişilebilirliği Ölçeği, UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği-Kısa Form (ULS-8) ve Bergen Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı Ölçeği yer almaktadır. Araştırma verileri Pearson-Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyonu ve Hayes’in Aracılık Analizi prosedürleri takip edilerek analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar anne ve baba duygusal erişilebilirliği ile sosyal medya bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkide yalnızlığın aracı bir rol üstlendiğini göstermiştir. Bu bulgular ebeveynlerin duygusal açıdan erişilebilir olarak algılanmalarının üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık düzeylerini azaltarak sosyal medya bağımlılığına karşı koruyucu bir faktör olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, sosyal medya bağımlılığının çözümlenmesinde bireylere, ailelere ve uzmanlara yol gösterici niteliktedir.
Дослідження впливу автотранспортних засобів на вантажно-пропускну здатність об’єктів транспортної інфраструктури
Authors:   National Transport University, СЛАВІНСЬКА Олена , БУБЕЛА Андрій , УСИЧЕНКО Олена ,   National Transport University, СТЬОЖКА Віталій ,   National Transport University, ДАВИДЕНКО Олександр ,   National Transport University, КОЗАРЧУК Ігор ,   National Transport University, РАЗБОЙНІКОВ Олександр ,   National Transport University, ІВАНУШКО Олександр ,   National Transport University, РУТКОВСЬКА Інесса ,   National Transport University, ШПИГ Альона ,   National Transport University, СЕВОСТ'ЯНОВА Аліна ,   National Transport University, БОНДАРЕНКО Людмила ,   National Transport University, КЛОЧАН Арсен ,   National Transport University
Published: December 2024

5Монографія містить аналіз вимог щодо габаритно-вагових параметрів великовагових транспортних засобів, результати досліджень пропускної здатності доріг і мостів, а також динамічних факторів впливу великовагового рухомого складу. Розроблено сучасні моделі навантаження мостів з урахуванням фактичного складу транспортного потоку. Видання буде корисним для фахівців, що займаються проєктуванням, будуванням, утриманням і ремонтом автомобільних мостів, а також для здобувачів вищої освіти за спеціальністю «Будівництво та цивільна інженерія».
Imaging the Mahout structure at the Oman desert with the aid of geophysical observations
Authors: Nasir Sobhi , Economou Nikos , Al Hooti Khalil , Al Hosni Talal
Published: December 2024

Geophysical methods may provide crucial information for the characterization of buried impact structures. In this study, we report and comment on the results of the geophysical survey of an elliptical-shaped structure near Mahout at Oman’s central desert. Geophysical models describe the variation in the physical properties of this structure’s subsurface in terms of density, magnetic susceptibility, and electrical resistivity of the formations buried under the desert sand. For the two former physical properties, a 3D inversion scheme was utilized, while for the latter, the very-low-frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) method and 2D inversion were involved for the first time in a similar study. The resultant models are in good agreement for imaging a generally bowl-shaped structure buried under the desert sand with a low resistivity (<40 Ohmm), highly magnetic (magnetic susceptibility 0.03–0.08 SI), and mixed density center (2.2–3.2 g/cm3). The results of the integrated geophysical survey at Mahout enhance the information about the applicability of the specific geophysical techniques at structures buried by sandy formations with less than 1-km diameter, which, currently, mostly comes from large-scale impact craters (>100 km), and confirm that such a multi-geophysical approach can be successful for imaging similar structures.
Metabolomic disorders caused by an imbalance in the gut microbiota are associated with central precocious puberty
Authors: Liu Chunjie , Zhou Shasha , Li Yan , Yin Xiaoqin , Li Pin
Published: December 2024

Background

Central precocious puberty (CPP) is characterized by the premature activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, resulting in early onset of sexual development. The incidence of CPP has been rising in recent years, with approximately 90% of cases lacking a clearly identifiable etiology. While an association between precocious puberty and gut microbiota has been observed, the precise causal pathways and underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The study aims to investigate the potential mechanisms through which gut microbiota imbalances may contribute to CPP.

Methods

In this study, clinical information and fecal samples were collected from 50 CPP patients and 50 healthy control subjects. The fecal samples were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing and UPLC−MS/MS metabolic analysis. Spearman correlation analysis was used to identify the relationships between gut microbiota and metabolites.

Results

The gut microbiota composition in CPP patients was significantly different from that in healthy controls, characterized by an increased abundance of Faecalibacterium and a decreased abundance of Anaerotruncus. Additionally, significant differences were observed in metabolite composition between the CPP and control groups. A total of 51 differentially expressed metabolites were identified, with 32 showing significant upregulation and 19 showing significant downregulation in the CPP group. Furthermore, Spearman correlation analysis indicated that gut microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to altered metabolic patterns in CPP, given its involvement in the regulation of several metabolic pathways, including phenylalanine and tyrosine biosynthesis and metabolism, the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism.

Conclusions

The study revealed the gut microbial and metabolite characteristics of CPP patients by integrating microbiome and metabolomics analyses. Moreover, several key metabolic pathways involved in the onset and progression of CPP were identified, which were regulated by gut microbiota. These findings broaden the current understanding of the complex interactions between gut microbial metabolites and CPP, and provide new insights into the pathogenesis and clinical management of CPP.
Serum osteocalcin levels are inversely associated with UACR in Chinese DKD patients: a meta-analysis of 20 clinical studies
Authors: Hu Xiaolan , Wang Xiyu , Cai Chen , Guo Jiachen , Qian Xin , Yu Jiangyi , Huang Liji , Xie Shaofeng
Published: December 2024

Objective

To systemically assess the relationship between serum osteocalcin levels and the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in the Chinese population.

Methods

The PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP and Chinese Medical Journal full-text Database were searched. Two investigators independently reviewed the literature and extracted data based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of the literature. The statistical analysis was performed using Stata16 software.

Results

A total of 20 case-control studies encompassed 4 565 cases, consisting of 643 healthy controls (CN), 1 649 individuals with simple diabetes mellitus (DM), 1 305 with microalbuminuria (MI), and 968 with macroalbuminuria (MA). The meta-analysis results indicated that the serum osteocalcin levels in MI group were significantly lower than those in CN group and DM group [SMD = -1.15, 95% CI (-1.46, -0.85), P < 0.01; and SMD = -0.53, 95% CI (-0.69, -0.37), P < 0.01, respectively], and lower in the MA group compared to the CN group [SMD = -1.28, 95% CI (-1.79, -0.76), P < 0.01]. In the MA group, the serum osteocalcin levels were considerably lower compared to those in DM group and MI group [SMD = -0.93, 95% CI (-1.28, -0.58), P < 0.01; and SMD = -0.41, 95% CI (-0.65, -0.17), P < 0.01, respectively].

Conclusion

The serum osteocalcin levels are typically reduced and show a negative correlation with the severity of proteinuria in Chinese patients with DKD. This indicates a decline in bone formation at early-stage in DKD patients, which worsens as the disease progresses.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/,identifier CRD42024580324.
Battery swapping scheduling for electric vehicles: a non-cooperative game approach
Authors: Zhang Yu , Han Tao , He Wei , Xia Jianhua , Cui Lichao , Ma Zuofu , Liu Shiwei
Published: December 2024

In recent years, electric vehicle (EV) battery-swapping technology has rapidly evolved and is expected to become widely prevalent shortly. Therefore, it is crucial to develop efficient battery-swapping scheduling algorithms to optimize the operations of battery-swapping systems. This paper proposes a non-cooperative game approach for the battery-swapping scheduling of EVs. To reduce the waiting time for battery swapping and improve the scheduling efficiency of EVs, a swapping process model inspired by the job-shop scheduling problem is proposed, and the cost function of each EV comprehensively considers the travel time, waiting time, and battery swapping price. To capture the competitive relationship among EVs, a non-cooperative game model for battery swapping scheduling is established considering the finite quantities of batteries and swapping grippers. To find the pure strategy Nash equilibrium, an iterative best response algorithm is developed, satisfying constraints including those couple decisions of different EVs. Case studies demonstrate the fairness and scheduling efficiency of the proposed approach.
The rule of law strengthening on corporate green innovation: a quasi-natural experiment based on the establishment of environmental courts in China
Authors: Guo Yujing , Liu Nibing , Chang Le , He Hongguang
Published: December 2024

Strong judicial support is an important guarantee for a country’s environment to achieve good governance. This paper utilizes a multi-period difference-in-differences approach to examine the impact of environmental justice reform, represented by environmental tribunals, on corporate green innovation and its underlying mechanisms. It is found that environmental courts can effectively promote green innovation in enterprises, and their effect on “substantive green innovation” is more significant than that on “strategic green innovation”. The environmental court is divided into the environmental resources trial court and the environmental resources panel court, and the trial court has a more pronounced effect on promoting corporate green innovation than the environmental resources panel court. The establishment of environmental protection courts can improve the efficiency of regional environmental justice, enhance the government’s awareness of environmental protection, and increase the cost of illegal activities by enterprises, thereby promoting corporate green innovation. The promotion effect of environmental courts on corporate green innovation is more significant in regions with non-state-owned enterprises, better legal environments, and lower levels of industry competition. The main findings still hold after considering robustness tests, such as the endogeneity of environmental court establishment. The study suggests that environmental judicial specialization has a positive impact on corporate green innovation, and that the reform of environmental judicial specialization should be continuously deepened to provide useful insights for the construction of the ecological rule of law and the green transformation of enterprises.
Study on the spatio-temporal coupling and drivers of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and food security
Authors: Liu Anzhi , Yang Shuguo
Published: December 2024

In light of global climate change and environmental challenges, reducing agricultural carbon emissions while maintaining food security has become a critical concern for sustainable agricultural development. This study examines 13 provinces in primary grain-producing regions, utilising data from 1999 to 2022 to analyse the spatio-temporal heterogeneity and driving factors of the coupled and coordinated development of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and food security. The findings indicate that: 1) The proportion of carbon emissions from agricultural inputs in primary grain-producing regions exceeds 80%, whereas the contribution of carbon sinks from rice, maise, and wheat surpasses 95%. Both agricultural carbon emissions and carbon sinks in the Yellow River Basin are significantly elevated; 2) The general trend of agricultural carbon emission efficiency and food security is increasing, spatially characterised by a pattern of high levels in the north and south, and low levels in the south and high levels in the north, respectively. The integration of the two systems is progressing positively, and the trailing form of food security has emerged as a developmental trend, with the degree of food security limiting the coordinated advancement of both. 3) The overall spatial disparity exhibits a declining tendency, with hypervariable density being the primary contributor to this spatial difference. The overall polarisation of the primary grain-producing regions has diminished. The level of heterogeneity in the Songhua River basin progressively intensifies; 4) Rural human capital and financial support for agriculture, urbanisation rate and soil erosion control, agricultural machinery power and soil erosion control are the main interaction factors. The economic status and rural human capital will facilitate the integrated and harmonious development of the two systems, while the agricultural disaster rate will impede this integrated and harmonious development. Ultimately, policy solutions are proposed to optimise agricultural inputs and raise their utilisation efficiency, adopt diversified regional development strategies, promote regional connection and coordinated development, and reinforce the management of drivers and policy support.
The spatio-temporal evolution of leishmaniasis in the province of Essaouira
Authors: Benkhira Said , Boudebouch Najma , Benazzouz Bouchra
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Leishmaniasis is a highly prevalent neglected tropical disease. It represents a significant public health concern in northern Africa, particularly in Morocco. To assess the extent of the disease at the provincial level, as well as the temporal evolution of CL cases and their geographic distribution.

Methods

834 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) diagnosed positive by the hygiene and health laboratory of the health delegation of the province of Essaouira during the period from January 1st, 2014 to December 31st, 2023.

Results and discussion

Among the 57 communes of the province, three are hyper-endemic and represent the main foci of LC; Elhanchan, Had Draa, Smimou with 66.42% of cases. Other communes with significant increases include Aguerd, with 15.6% of cases, an incidence peak of 279.7 per 100,00.0 in 2022, and Bizdad, 11.8% with an average incidence of 41.1 per 100,000. The transmission of the parasitosis continues to spread to create new outbreaks each year and reach 25 municipalities in the province which have experienced at least one positive case in 2023. Two new outbreaks appeared after 2018 in Sidi Kaouki (5% of cases) and Tidzi (5.6%). The temporal analysis shows a significant rise in cases over time, with an annual average of 83 cases. The trend paused during the COVID-19 lockdown but resumed exponentially, peaking in 2023. The overall incidence in the province increased from 11.1 per 100,000 in 2015 to 40.3 per 100,000 in 2023, with a significant rise over the study period (p < 0.001). The average incidence during this time was 18.32 per 100,000, showing considerable variability across different years.

Conclusion

The spread of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the province of Essaouira is multifactorial and results from the complex interaction between vectors, parasites, the environment, and human behaviors. A better understanding of these factors is essential to developing effective disease prevention and controlling strategies.
Assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms 6 weeks after delivery and the relationship of pelvic floor muscle function
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Xiaoxiao , Hou Xinnan , Zhuang Xinrong , Wang Yu , Wang Xiaoqing , Lu Ye
Published: December 2024

Background

Studies on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in women, especially in relation to different modes of delivery, are limited. The relationship between the emergence of LUTS and the decline of pelvic muscle function after childbirth remains uncertain.

Study design

This observational study was carried out at the Peking University First Hospital over a time span of 2019–2022. A total of 2,462 women were recruited and surveyed 6 weeks after delivery, utilizing questionnaires for data collection. Additionally, gynecological physical examinations and pelvic floor muscle screenings were conducted as part of the study. To assess individual LUTS and the level of discomfort caused by these symptoms, a modified Chinese version of the Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms questionnaire was employed. Data analysis methods such as descriptive statistics, χ2 tests, one-way ANOVAs, and multivariate logistic regressions were used to thoroughly examine the collected data.

Results

A high prevalence of LUTS was observed in the study participants, with 70.6% experiencing any symptoms. Storage symptoms were reported by 65.4%, while voiding symptoms were reported by 23.0%. Nocturia was the most commonly reported symptom (35.4%), followed by frequency (25.6%) and urgency (25.3%). Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) was reported by 20.8% of women. Interestingly, nocturia and frequency were generally perceived as less troublesome, with only a minority rating them as problematic. In contrast, urinary incontinence (UI) was frequently reported as highly bothersome, with SUI and urge urinary incontinence (UUI) accounting for significant proportions. Vaginal delivery (VD) and forceps delivery (FD) were identified as significant predictors of LUTS, with statistical significance observed (P < 0.05). Specifically, women who underwent VD, particularly FD, exhibited lower surface electromyography (sEMG) activity compared to those who had cesarean section (CS), both in terms of resting baseline and contraction amplitude (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Over half of the examined women exhibited LUTS 6 weeks postpartum, with the most common symptoms being nocturia, frequency, urgency, and SUI. Straining and urinary incontinence were commonly reported as significantly uncomfortable, particularly severe in cases of UI. Additionally, vaginal delivery methods, especially those involving the use of forceps (FD), seemed to be more likely to cause pelvic floor muscle or nerve damage, making it the key predictor of storage-related LUTS.
Targeting extracellular matrix stiffness for cancer therapy
Authors: Feng Xiuqin , Cao Fujun , Wu Xiangji , Xie Wenyan , Wang Ping , Jiang Hong
Published: December 2024

The physical characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME) include solid stress, interstitial fluid pressure, tissue stiffness and microarchitecture. Among them, abnormal changes in tissue stiffness hinder drug delivery, inhibit infiltration of immune killer cells to the tumor site, and contribute to tumor resistance to immunotherapy. Therefore, targeting tissue stiffness to increase the infiltration of drugs and immune cells can offer a powerful support and opportunities to improve the immunotherapy efficacy in solid tumors. In this review, we discuss the mechanical properties of tumors, the impact of a stiff TME on tumor cells and immune cells, and the strategies to modulate tumor mechanics.
Quantifying conformational changes in the TCR:pMHC-I binding interface
Authors: McMaster Benjamin , Thorpe Christopher J. , Rossjohn Jamie , Deane Charlotte M. , Koohy Hashem
Published: December 2024

Background

T cells form one of the key pillars of adaptive immunity. Using their surface bound T cell antigen receptors (TCRs), these cells screen millions of antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) or MHC-like molecules. In other protein families, the dynamics of protein-protein interactions have important implications for protein function. Case studies of TCR:class I peptide-MHCs (pMHC-Is) structures have reported mixed results on whether the binding interfaces undergo conformational change during engagement and no robust statistical quantification has been done to generalise these results. Thus, it remains an open question of whether movement occurs in the binding interface that enables the recognition and activation of T cells.

Methods

In this work, we quantify the conformational changes in the TCR:pMHC-I binding interface by creating a dataset of 391 structures, comprising 22 TCRs, 19 MHC alleles, and 79 peptide structures in both unbound (apo) and bound (holo) conformations.

Results

In support of some case studies, we demonstrate that all complementarity determining region (CDR) loops move to a certain extent but only CDR3α and CDR3β loops modify their shape when binding pMHC-Is. We also map the contacts between TCRs and pMHC-Is, generating a novel fingerprint of TCRs on MHC molecules and show that the CDR3α tends to bind the N-terminus of the peptide and the CDR3β tends to bind the C-terminus of the peptide. Finally, we show that the presented peptides can undergo conformational changes when engaged by TCRs, as has been reported in past literature, but novelly show these changes depend on how the peptides are anchored in the MHC binding groove.

Conclusions

Our work has implications in understanding the behaviour of TCR:pMHC-I interactions and providing insights that can be used for modelling Tcell antigen specificity, an ongoing grand challenge in immunology.
An experimental study on flow induced motion and energy harvesting of cylinders with different cross sections
Authors: Song Ronglai , Xu Peng , Jiang Changqing , Zhang Yuan , Li He
Published: December 2024

It has been known that the cross-sectional shape of a column oscillator significantly influences its vibrational characteristics and energy conversion capacity, and can alter the nature of flow-excited vibration (FIV). Whether the addition of appendages to oscillators with different cross-sectional shapes enhances energy conversion capacity remains uncertain. In this study, the vibration characteristics and energy capture capabilities of an elastically supported oscillator with a semicircular appendage, suitable for low-speed seafloor current environments, are investigated. Experiments were conducted at zero degrees incidence for Reynolds numbers ranging from 5.041 × 10³ to 7.562 × 104, resulting in turbulent wake conditions. The hydrodynamic properties of the oscillators were evaluated through statistical analysis, Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD), and vortex core identification of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) fields. The energy capture capability of the oscillator was assessed through statistical analysis of its vibration displacement, frequency, and amplitude. The study's results indicate that an oscillator with symmetric sharp attachments and without vortex reattachment is favorable for galloping with self-excitation. Under equivalent conditions, the Circular-T-shaped oscillator demonstrates superior energy conversion capacity compared to existing models, with the galloping branch being the most efficient for energy conversion; the peak efficiency is 24.5% (Ur = 14.5). This study provides some baseline data and optimization solutions for flow-induced motion power generation.
Experimental and numerical analysis of underwater consolidation of dredged sediment: a case of study for the Marker Wadden
Authors: Barciela-Rial Maria , van den Bosch Barend A. P. , van Kessel Thijs , Griffioen Jasper , Winterwerp Johan C.
Published: December 2024

Dredged sediments, which are mud suspensions with concentrations exceeding the gelling point, are utilised in reclamation and Building with Nature projects. Beyond the gelling point, flocs occupy space and begin to form a network structure. This study investigates the impact of initial conditions, specifically the concentration above the gelling point and the stress state, on the consolidation of dredged sediment. The sediment from Lake Markermeer in the Netherlands was studied, specifically in the context of the construction of the Marker Wadden wetland. Material parameters were determined using two distinct experimental methods: settling columns and Seepage Induced Consolidation (SIC) tests. The differences observed between the two sets of material parameters suggest that the stress history and plastic deformation during mixing may influence the results. These effects were analysed using a one-dimensional vertical (1DV) consolidation model. The computed profiles were then compared with the profiles measured using an Ultrasonic High Concentration Meter. An initial concentration of 558.1 g/l, achieved by remixing the equilibrium profile of a normally consolidated suspension, resulted in larger final densities and a lower sediment-water interface. Conversely, a concentration of 175.6 g/l, achieved by remixing consolidating dredged sediment, yielded the same equilibrium layer thickness and density profile as virgin consolidation, albeit after a longer consolidation time. These findings are particularly relevant for land reclamation and wetland construction projects, where the initial density may be high and the dredging process’s mixing may alter the stress state.
Extremely low biodiversity Arctic intertidal habitats as sentinels for environmental change
Authors: Griffiths Huw J. , Waller Catherine L. , Roberts Stephen J. , Jażdżewska Anna M. , Hik David S.
Published: December 2024

The Arctic is undergoing dramatic changes, including an unprecedented decline in sea ice. Previous studies have shown the severe structuring impact of sea ice scour upon polar intertidal communities. A dramatic example of the influence of Arctic sea ice is the highly depauperate intertidal of Cambridge Bay (Iqaluktuuttiaq) on Victoria Island, Nunavut, Canada. Cambridge Bay intertidal is dominated by a single species of amphipod crustacean, Gammarus setosus, with rare examples of another amphipod, bivalve molluscs, and oligochaetes. Primary producers are limited to a thin algal film, with no macroalgae present shallower than 2 m water depth. This intertidal biodiversity has remained extremely low since it was first surveyed 70 years ago, however, the seasonal sea ice thickness has been in decline for over 50 years. Given the observed dramatic increases in biodiversity and biomass with decreased sea ice cover elsewhere in the Arctic and the presence of the Canadian High Arctic Research Station, we suggest that the intertidal of Cambridge Bay offers an ideal location for a low cost, low effort, and long-term monitoring of biodiversity change and tipping points that may be influenced by sea ice loss in the Arctic as part of a network intertidal monitoring stations.
Effects of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profile in adult patients under hemodialysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs
Authors: Karimi Mehdi , Pirzad Samira , Pourfaraji Seyed Morteza Ali , Parhizkar Roudsari Peyvand , Shirsalimi Niyousha , Ahmadizad Sajad
Published: December 2024

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10% of the global population and leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Hemodialysis is a common treatment for ESRD, but patients often have low carnitine levels, leading to dyslipidemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the leading cause of mortality. This study aimed to assess the effects of L-carnitine on lipid profiles in adult hemodialysis patients.

Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted across the online databases from inception to June 2024 to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of L-carnitine on lipid profiles in hemodialysis patients. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed, focusing on primary outcomes, including changes in triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and secondary outcomes including blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI).

Results

A total of 28 RCTs were eligible for the current systematic review, including 1,340 hemodialysis patients (671 intervention, 669 control). There were no significant differences in the mean change of TG (SMD: −0.006; 95% CI, −0.272 to 0.259; P = 0.95), TC (SMD: −0.086; 95% CI, −0.253 to −0.079; P = 0.29), HDL (SMD: 0.060; 95% CI, −0.057 to 0.177; P = 0.29), LDL (SMD: −0.075; 95% CI, −0.274 to 0.123; P = 0.43), VLDL (SMD: −0.064; 95% CI, −0.272 to 0.142; P = 0.51), BMI (SMD: −0.025; 95% CI, −0.139 to 0.088; P = 0.56), systolic BP (SMD: 0.055; 95% CI, −0.110 to 0.220; P = 0.43), and diastolic BP (SMD: −0.028; 95% CI, 0.156 to 0.099; P = 0.56). The same insignificant findings were observed after conducting a subgroup analysis based on the route of administration (intravenous vs. Oral).

Conclusion

L-carnitine supplementation does not significantly change and improve the serum lipid profile, including TG, TC, HDL, LDL, and VLDL levels. Additionally, it has no notable effects on BMI, systolic, or diastolic BP.
Effects of suspension exercise training in the treatment of lumbar disk herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yu’ang , Huang Silang , Zhang Xinxin , Liao Huangying , Liu Weiguo , Zhang Zhi
Published: December 2024

Objective

The study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of suspension exercise training (SET) in the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disk herniation and provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment.

Methods

Databases such as CNKI, Chinese Wanfang, PubMed, Cochrane, the Web of Science, and Embase were searched up to June 2024. A quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk-of-bias guidelines, and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 17.0.

Results

A total of 11 studies involving 943 patients were included. Suspension exercise training significantly improved the lumbar disk herniation (LDH) visual analog scale (VAS) score (mean difference (MD) = −0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI), −1.10 to-0.82; p < 0.00001, I2 = 23%), the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score (MD = 3.29, 95% CI, 1.67 to 4.90; p < 0.0001, I2 = 92%), and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score (MD = −5.41, 95% CI, −7.41 to −3.40; p < 0.00001, I2 = 86%). Subgroup analysis of the JOA score showed better efficacy with suspension exercise training combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (MD = 4.29, 95% CI, 2.73 to 5.86; p < 0.00001, I2 = 80%) compared to suspension exercise training combined with non-TCM (MD = 0.96, 95% CI, 0.49 to 1.43; p < 0.0001, I2 = 0%).

Conclusion

Suspension exercise training significantly improved the VAS score, JOA score, and ODI score of the patients with lumbar disk herniation; however, there was a high degree of heterogeneity in the JOA score and ODI score. Further validation is needed in the future for different populations with lumbar disk herniation, the specific locations of its occurrence, and the combined modality of suspension exercise training.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024554074.