bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Research of Methods to Improve the Biosistability of Building Materials
Authors: Erofeev Vladimir , Smirnov Vasiliy , Dergunova Anna , Bogatov Andrey , Letkina Nataliya
Published: December 2019

The article discusses the ways to improve the building materials’ and products’ biostability as well as their effectiveness. Impregnation of the readymade concrete and the reinforced concrete articles with special polymer compositions or monomers is one of the methods to improve the concrete properties. The article describes the ways aimed at increasing the materials biostability by introducing the fungicidal additives into their composition.
The Metakaolin - A New Hydraulically Active Pozzolanic Additive
Authors: Potapova Ekaterina , Dmitrieva Ekaterina
Published: December 2019

The replacing part of Portland cement with thermally activated clays will reduce the "clinker factor", which in turn will reduce greenhouse gas (CO2) emissions. The metakaolin activity by the lime absorption method from a saturated lime solution and by binding Cao from limestone dough was determined. It is shown that the metakaolin interaction products with Ca (OH)2 are characterized by a multiphase and are composed mainly of hexagonal and cubic hydroalumination calcium and various basicity poorly crystallized calcium hydro-silicates. The results obtained allow the Metakaolin to be considered a new, hydraulically active pozzolanic additive.
Study Properties of Road Surface for Foot Pavements and Courtyard Areas
Authors: Kolosova Natalya B. , Kulish Ilya V. , Ershov Valerii V.
Published: December 2019

This article presents a study of two most popular materials used for pavement and inside the house territories. Asphalt concrete and concrete paving slabs “Paving stone 7P.8” with dimensions of 200x100x80 mm were chosen as the study objects. Comparison of materials was performed by qualitative and quantitative characteristics. Graphic dependences of the cost of the pavement device of two types on the surface area are built
The Use of Pyrite Concentrate and Waste Formed at the Brown Coals Enlargement
Authors: Denisova I.A. , Vilbitskaya N.A. , Yatsenko Alexander I. , Veselovskaya E.V.
Published: December 2019

The work is devoted to an important environmental and economic problem: the enrichment formed wastes recycling and brown coal processing. If pyrite sulfur (pyrites) is extracted from high-sulfur coal before it is burned, the negative impact on the environment is reduced (sulfur dioxide emissions reduction into atmospheric air) and, as a result, environmental payments, as well as the possibility of obtaining sulfuric acid from pyrite. Waste coal preparation plants can be used in the building materials production (ceramics, cements, concrete aggregates), in the hydraulic structures construction, as well as with the purpose of improving the soil fertility in agriculture.
Preparation and Invesrigation of Mechanical Properties of Composites Based on Secondary Polypropylene and Modified Basalt Fibers
Authors: Galitseyskii K.B. , Timantsev Ya.A. , Matseevich T.A. , Askadskii A.A.
Published: December 2019

The use of secondary materials resulting from recycling is currently receiving increased attention, since their use reduces the anthropogenic burden on the environment. In this regard, composite materials based on recycled polypropylene (PP) and short-chopped basalt fibers (BF) are prepared. To improve the adhesion of BF to the polymer matrix, their surface was treated with CCl4 vapors in a flow reactor in order to replace the oxygen atoms with chlorine atoms. Then, the chlorinated surface was treated in a CH4 stream to replace chlorine with hydrocarbon groups. Composites contained from 5 to 20% BF; each composite was heated at temperatures of 500, 650 and 750°C. Stress-strain curves at tension and compression were obtained for all samples. The modulus of elasticity at tension increased to 2120 MPa with a BF content of 20%, and for the initial secondary PP this modulus is equal to 705 MPa. The strength increased to 42 MPa (for the initial secondary PP, the strength is equal to 32.0 MPa). The specific impact strength increased to 18.3 kJ/m2 (for the initial secondary PP this value is 14.4 kJ/m2). The chemical structure of hydrocarbon groups most compatible with PP was determined by calculation using the Cascade computer program (INEOS RAS). IR studies and microanalysis showed the presence of such groups on the surface of the BF, which are chemically bound to silicon atoms.
On the Relationship between the Structural Form of Concrete and its Resistance
Authors: Bratoshevskaya Violetta V. , Mirsoyanov Vladimir N.
Published: December 2019

The capillary-porous structure of cement stone and concrete is known to be mainly characterized by the presence of two major structural components – crystalline and gel-like products in the form of calcium sub-microcrystals of variable composition. The environmental factors cause changes in the structural-mechanical properties of the concrete structure which can be divided into “internal” and “external” ones. The number of internal properties includes those that change the relative content of the structural components of concrete – its composition, hardening conditions, and etc. The external factors include those that act directly on the already formed structure of concrete in operating conditions. These include mechanical, physical, chemical and other factors that affect the properties of the structure over time.
The Ceramic Composition Using Vermiculite
Authors: Endzhievskaya Irina G. , Vasilovskaya Nina , Baranova Galina P. , Gofman Oksana
Published: December 2019

The possibility of obtaining effective wall materials and technological lightweight products for high-temperature insulation by introducing the expanded vermiculite into the ceramic mass is investigated. Mineralogy of used clays and vermiculites was studied. They are represented by minerals of the same class, and therefore weak adhesion of smooth surfaces of vermiculite grains is compensated by common genetic origin with the matrix of the basic material of the composite. Thermotechnical studies of the process of swelling of vermiculite in a quartz furnace showed that to obtain a relatively high mechanical strength of vermiculite grains, it is necessary to select the maximum temperature and the mode of swelling, so that the planar shape of vermiculite plates remains and there is no pronounced warping. The degree of thermal delamination is influenced by the particle size, the increase of which entails a deterioration in physical and mechanical properties. The introduction of a high percentage of vermiculite additives in the charge allows to obtain lightweight thermal insulation products.
Multi-Layered Exterior Wall Panels Made of Ash of Tuff Concrete
Authors: Khuranov V.K. , Tsipinov A.S. , Lutsenko E.V.
Published: December 2019

Selected composition of structural heat-insulating ash tuff concrete class B15-20 on tuff rubble and ash using plasticizer D5, determined the calculated heat transfer resistance of the two-layer structure, the dependencies of the density and strength of the mixture from cement consumption for 1 m3.
New Materials for Green Building
Authors: Andreeva K.A. , Zakrevskaya L.V. , Lubin P.A. , Abramov M.V. , Gandelsman I.A.
Published: December 2019

The construction material aesthetic characteristics used determine to a large extent the opportunities for architectural concepts. The above-mentioned architectural characteristics of chrysotile magnesium carbonate are those to be introduced in this part of the current research. Thanks to the experience in practical architectural design with the application of chrysotile magnesium carbonate it can be argued that theory in the field of architectural expressive capabilities of chrysotile magnesium carbonate has been practically tested and endorsed in the framework of pragmatic architectural design of small architectural forms.
Research of Cracking Resistance of Thermal Insulation Coatings for Aerated Concrete
Authors: Loganina Valentina , Frolov M.V.
Published: December 2019

The high water demand of finishing compositions obtained using expanded perlite and vermiculite sand reduces the crack resistance of the resulting thermal insulation coatings. The use of microspheres as fillers should make it possible to increase the crack resistance of the resulting coatings. The crack resistance of lime heat-insulating coatings for the finishing of aerated concrete obtained using ash microspheres of aluminosilicate and expanded vermiculite sand has been determined. It is established, that coatings obtained using aluminosilicate ash microspheres, are characterized by good crack resistance due to low shrinkage deformations, high ultimate tensile properties and uniform distribution of moisture content in the process of moistening.
Study of the Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of the Ice Cover
Authors: Vasilyev A.S. , Zemlyak V.L. , Kozin V.M.
Published: December 2019

The construction of crossing ferry landings across the Arctic Shelf and the regions located in the Extreme North or Far North, as well as the Siberian and Far Eastern rivers during the winter season is a difficult task of immediate concern. Nevertheless, it is necessary to learn the ice mechanical characteristics in order to examine the bearing capacity of the ice cover at the crossing ferry landings aimed at their establishment and strengthening. The purpose of the paper is to observe the physical and mechanical features of the ice cover by means of doing simulated experiments and verifying their validity using a computational model. The research performed the studies on Young’s modulus of ice definition and bending strength. Ice beam samples were used in the simulated experiments. Their physical and mechanical properties were put to the tests carried out with a special loading device. There was a structural failure of ice beam samples influenced by pure bending. The authors performed numerical computations on the ground of the data obtained by ANSYS software. The calculations resulted in determining condition of the stress-strain state of the samples at any time of loading up to their complete breaking-up. The efficiency of the algorithm is proved by comparing numerical calculations to simulated experimental data.
Two-Layer Ferrocement Shells Stress-Strain State Modeling under the Fire Conditions
Authors: Zhurtov A.V. , Khezhev T.A. , Chepurnenko Anton S. , Saibel Angelica V.
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the issues of strength calculation of two-layer ferrocement shells under fire conditions, taking into account the physical nonlinearity of the material. The change in the physicomechanical characteristics of materials under the action of temperature is taken into account. The solution of model problems for shallow shells of double curvature is presented.
State of Stress of Castellated Beams with Circular Apertures under Distributed Load and Pure Bending
Authors: Pritykin Alexej I.
Published: December 2019

The regularities of stress distribution in perforated beams with circular apertures under distributed load and pure bending. Such beams are made of different materials: carbon fiber is used in aircraft for these purposes, and steel is used in construction. Beams with different perforation parameters were considered and an empirical relation was obtained for equivalent von Mises stresses in castellated beams near the apertures’ outlines based on the analysis of FEM calculations. In this paper, beams made of C345 steel were considered. It is established that the maximum values ​​of equivalent stresses near apertures under different loading types vary along the beam length in proportion to the values ​​of the bending moment. The values ​​of stress concentration coefficients for the pure bending are determined depending on the perforation parameters. The acceptability of the obtained empirical dependencies for equivalent stresses was verified using the FEM calculations based on the ANSYS software package. There is a good correlation between the results of FEM calculations and empirical dependence.
Effective Non-Autoclave Silicate Blocks of Casting Molding Process Based on Unconventional Aluminosilicate Raw Materials
Authors: Volodchenko A.A. , Vorontsov V.M. , Cherepanova I.A.
Published: December 2019

Currently, intensive research is being conducted, both in Russia and abroad, to study the general principles, problems and solutions in the development of effective composite materials for construction purposes. It is shown that it is possible to use unconventional aluminosilicate raw materials represented by clay rocks of the incomplete stage of mineral formation as a raw material for the production of non-autoclaved silicate blocks of casting molding process. These raw materials due to the peculiarities of its material composition actively interact with the cementing component in non-autoclave conditions, with the formation of cementing compounds of the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3- H2O system, which provides high physical and mechanical performance of non-autoclave silicate products.
Investigation of the Effect of Reinforcing Diaphragms Ribbed Panels on their Carrying Capacity
Authors: Vasilyev A.S. , Odinokova Olga , Nazarova Veronika P.
Published: December 2019

It has been established that structural analysis of ribbed panels on the carrying capacity of standard cross-sections is presented as reinforced concrete T-shaped or I-beams. However, this approach does not allow factoring in the effect of transversal ribs (diaphragms) on the accounting result for two groups of limit states. As a rule, transversal ribs are used in slabs with a greater width and serve mainly to provide its bending strength across the width mode transversely. It should be mentioned that a slab is calculated according to the beam theory based on structural mechanics models that characterize its behavior approximately in either direction along standard cross-sections. The theory of plate and shell can define the behavior under steady load of such a slab more precisely. However, applying this theory is attended with certain difficulties because of steel collaboration in multiple directions, as well as having material nonlinearity in the model. The work investigates ribbed floor panels which are modeled using modern software. The authors studied samples with prestressed and nonprestressed reinforcing as well as with or without transversal ribs. Finally, the authors find out that it is worth considering transversal ribs with regard to their reinforcement in stress calculations for standard cross-sections along a slab length. It can contribute to the development of correcting coefficients and specification of the section of the calculating theory of building constructions. The authors obtained innovative outcomes.
The Influence of the Height of Fiber Reinforcement Zone on the Crack Resistance of Rubcon Beams with Mixed Reinforcement
Authors: Polikutin Aleksei E. , Potapov Yuri B. , Levchenko Artem V.
Published: December 2019

In order to research on the influence of the height of the fiber reinforcement zone on the normal sections crack resistance, we produced and tested rubcon beams of rectangular cross section with mixed reinforcement; our studies showed that the height of the fiber reinforcement zone has a similar effect on the normal sections crack resistance with the percentage of longitudinal reinforcement. It is important to note that the arrangement of fiber reinforcement at 3/4 of the section height greatly complicates the process of manufacturing the beam while not increasing the strength of the tensile zone compared to the beams with the location of the fiber over the entire height of the section.
Effect of Bimodularity on the Stress State of a Variable Cross-Section Reinforced Beam
Authors: Beskopylny Aleksey N. , Kadomtseva Elena , Poltavskii Vadim , Lukianenko Mikhail
Published: December 2019

The article is dedicated to the effect of different modulus of the material on the stress state of a beam of the variable rectangular cross section. The height of the beam varies linearly along its length. Formulas for calculating the maximum compressive and tensile stresses and determining the neutral line are obtained. The maximum tensile and compressive stresses are determined for the clamped and simply supported beams. The dependence of the maximum normal stress on the number of reinforcing bars located in the stretched zones is numerically investigated. The stress state of the beam is compared with and without consideration of the bimodularity of the material for simply supported and cantilever beams. It is shown that taking into account the bimodularity of the material significantly affects the maximum tensile and compressive stresses. The magnitude of the tensile stresses is increased by 30%; the magnitude of the compressive stresses is reduced by 21%. As a bimodular material, fibro foam concrete is considered in work.
Numerical Study of the Shear Stress Distribution in an I-Beam in the Load Application Zone
Authors: Saiyan Sergey , Paushkin Alexander
Published: December 2019

A study on the Saint-Venant principle implementation for a rigidly clamped I-beam loaded with various loads at the free end was carried out. When using the software package LIRA SAPR, the tangential stresses perturbations zones are determined in order to compare their distribution with the materials resistance solution.
Reasons of Blooming on Light Clinker Paving Bricks
Authors: Kotlyar V.D. , Popov Yurii V. , Kotlyar Anton V. , Terekhina Yulia V. , Yashchenko Roman A.
Published: December 2019

The paper presents the results of the research for the reasons of the formation of a brownish bloom on a light clinker brick during its operation. In the work course, the clinker bricks, their mineralogical composition, the nature of the secondary brick coloring and the base materials were tested during bricklaying. It was established that 2 factors caused incrustation. Firstly, the site on which the clinker brick was laid was characterized by a level of alkali soil water close to the surface, and the surface evaporation prevailed over the soil absorption in the warm period of the year. That is all soil water-dissolved salts migrated to the surface of the brick along well-permeable sand joints between the bricks. Secondly, ferrous minerals, including hematite, which was subjected to hydration with the formation of iron hydroxides, and also reacted with sulphates of groundwater with the formation of iron sulphates, were found in the foundation under the brick. This confirms the higher sulfur content in incrustation areas and the presence of a film similar to crystalline hydrates. The analysis of the research allowed us to develop the recommendations for the performance of paving various types of sites with clinker bricks, to develop measures to eliminate an existing bloom, and also to defend the “honor and dignity” of light bricks.
Block Foam Glass with Plasma Protective and Decorative Coatings
Authors: Bessmertniy Vasiliy S. , Bondarenko Diana O. , Varfolomeeva Sofia V. , Makarov Alexey V.
Published: December 2019

An innovative energy-saving technology for producing block foam glass with a protective decorative coating has been developed, including the preliminary application of an intermediate heat resistant coating followed by the application of the main coating and the plasma jet melting. The optimal composition of the intermediate heat resistant coating, its preparation technology and laying on the front surface of the foam glass block are determined. It is shown that the main factor shaping the quality of the foam glass insulating block with a protective decorative coating is the speed of the plasma burner movement with a plasma jet on the front surface of the foam block glass with a preliminary applied two-layer heat resistant protective decorative coating. The formation regularity of the front layer texture of a protective and decorative coating on the plasma jet speed to the enclosing foam glass block has been established. It is shown that at the optimum plasma processing speed of 10 mm/s, a continuous, high-quality protective and decorative coating is formed. The features of the phase composition and microstructure of a multilayer heat resistant protective decorative coating are investigated. It is established that the surface layer is represented by an amorphous vitreous phase.
A Computationally Optimized Broadly Reactive Antigen Subtype–Specific Influenza Vaccine Strategy Elicits Unique Potent Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies against Hemagglutinin
Authors: Sautto Giuseppe A. , Kirchenbaum Greg A. , Abreu Rodrigo B. , Ecker Jeffrey W. , Pierce Spencer R. , Kleanthous Harry , Ross Ted M.
Published: December 2019

Computationally optimized broadly reactive Ags (COBRA) targeting H1 elicit a broad cross-reactive and cross-neutralizing Ab response against multiple H1N1 viral strains. To assess B cell breadth, Mus musculus (BALB/c) Ab-secreting cells elicited by a candidate COBRA hemagglutinin (HA) (termed P1) were compared with Ab-secreting cells elicited by historical H1N1 vaccine strains. In addition, to evaluate the Ab response elicited by P1 HA at increased resolution, a panel of P1 HA-specific B cell hybridomas was generated following immunization of mice with COBRA P1 and the corresponding purified mAbs were characterized for Ag specificity and neutralization activity. Both head- and stem-directed mAbs were elicited by the P1 HA Ag, with some mAbs endowed with Ab-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity activity. P1 HA-elicited mAbs exhibited a wide breadth of HA recognition, ranging from narrowly reactive to broadly reactive mAbs. Interestingly, we identified a P1 HA-elicited mAb (1F8) exhibiting broad hemagglutination inhibition activity against both seasonal and pandemic H1N1 influenza strains. Furthermore, mAb 1F8 recognized an overlapping, but distinct, epitope compared with other narrowly hemagglutination inhibition–positive mAbs elicited by the P1 or wild-type HA Ags. Finally, P1 HA-elicited mAbs were encoded by distinct H chain variable and L chain variable gene segment rearrangements and possessed unique CDR3 sequences. Collectively, the functional characterization of P1 HA-elicited mAbs sheds further insights into the underlying mechanism(s) of expanded Ab breadth elicited by a COBRA HA-based immunogen and advances efforts toward design and implementation of a more broadly protective influenza vaccine.
PD-1 Expression during Acute Infection Is Repressed through an LSD1–Blimp-1 Axis
Authors: Bally Alexander P. R. , Neeld Dennis K. , Lu Peiyuan , Majumder Parimal , Tang Yan , Barwick Benjamin G. , Wang Qing , Boss Jeremy M.
Published: December 2019

During prolonged exposure to Ags, such as chronic viral infections, sustained TCR signaling can result in T cell exhaustion mediated in part by expression of programmed cell death–1 (PD-1) encoded by the Pdcd1 gene. In this study, dynamic changes in histone H3K4 modifications at the Pdcd1 locus during ex vivo and in vivo activation of CD8 T cells suggested a potential role for the histone H3 lysine 4 demethylase LSD1 in regulating PD-1 expression. CD8 T cells lacking LSD1 expressed higher levels of Pdcd1 mRNA following ex vivo stimulation as well as increased surface levels of PD-1 during acute, but not chronic, infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). Blimp-1, a known repressor of PD-1, recruited LSD1 to the Pdcd1 gene during acute, but not chronic, LCMV infection. Loss of DNA methylation at Pdcd1’s promoter-proximal regulatory regions is highly correlated with its expression. However, following acute LCMV infection, in which PD-1 expression levels return to near baseline, LSD1-deficient CD8 T cells failed to remethylate the Pdcd1 locus to the levels of wild-type cells. Finally, in a murine melanoma model, the frequency of PD-1–expressing tumor-infiltrating LSD1-deficient CD8 T cells was greater than in wild type. Thus, LSD1 is recruited to the Pdcd1 locus by Blimp-1, downregulates PD-1 expression by facilitating the removal of activating histone marks, and is important for remethylation of the locus. Together, these data provide insight into the complex regulatory mechanisms governing T cell immunity and regulation of a critical T cell checkpoint gene.
Neighborhood Crime is Differentially Associated with Cardiovascular Risk Factors as a Function of Race and Sex
Authors: Sprung Mollie R. , Faulkner Lauren M.D. , Evans Michele K. , Zonderman Alan B. , Waldstein Shari R.
Published: December 2019

Background

Neighborhood crime may be an important factor contributing to cardiovascular health disparities, and these relations may vary by race and sex. The present investigation evaluated (a) potential differential associations between neighborhood crime and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors within subgroups of African American (AA) and White men and women, and (b) potential mediation by negative affect.

Design and methods

Participants were 1,718 AAs and Whites (58% AA; 54% female; 59% above poverty; ages 30-64 years) living Baltimore, Maryland who completed the first wave of the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study from 2004-2009. CVD risk factors included body mass index, total serum cholesterol, glucose, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A negative affect composite was comprised of self-reported depression, anxiety, anger, vigilance, and perceived stress. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were used to examine associations between per capita overall and violent crime rates, negative affect, and CVD risk factors.

Results

There were significant associations of greater overall crime rate with higher fasting glucose ( b=.192, P<0.05), and greater violent crime rate with higher systolic ( b=86.50, P<0.05) and diastolic ( b=60.12, P<0.05) blood pressure in AA women, but not men. These associations were not explained by negative affect. In Whites, there were no significant associations of overall or violent crime rates with cardiovascular risk factors.

Conclusions

AA women may be particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of crime on cardiovascular risk. Preventative efforts aimed toward this group may help to deter the detrimental effects that living in a high crime area may have on one's cardiovascular health.
Коллизии и инцидентность вершин компонентам в графе $k$-кратной итерации равновероятного случайного отображения
Authors: Mironkin Vladimir Olegovich
Published: December 2019

В работе изучаются вероятностные характеристики графа $k$-кратной итерации равновероятного случайного отображения. Выписаны формулы для распределения длины отрезка апериодичности произвольной вершины с учетом ряда ограничений. Вычислены вероятности инцидентности двух произвольных вершин одной компоненте связности, попадания произвольной вершины в множество прообразов другой вершины, а также появления коллизии в графе рассматриваемого отображения.
Redes e grupos de poder em Presidente Prudente - SP: análise a partir das eleições municipais
Authors: Paula Rafael Freire de , Silva Márcia Da
Published: December 2019

A presença de determinados grupos de poder na administração local em Presidente Prudente – SP resulta na predominância de seus interesses econômicos e políticos, bem como seu envolvimento com partidos políticos e disputas eleitorais. Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar os grupos de poder, as estratégias utilizadas para a manutenção de seus interesses e as relações de poder que os grupos mantêm entre si em forma de redes de poder. A investigação das características dos grupos de poder, bem como das estratégias utilizadas pelos mesmos, cuja finalidade é assegurar seus interesses, fazem-se importantes para discutirmos as disputas eleitorais na democracia brasileira, os setores econômicos e políticos nelas envolvidos e os resultados ou rebatimentos territoriais desse processo. Identificou-se vinculações e conexões que se constroem a partir de redes de poder e um processo de reorganização que envolve os agentes político-territoriais que compõem os grupos de poder investigados.
Envelhecimento populacional, segmento mais idoso e as atividades básicas da vida diária como indicador de velhice autônoma e ativa
Authors: Oliveira Anderson Silva , Rossi Elaine Cristina
Published: December 2019

O envelhecimento da população é marcado por diferenças que se acentuam na medida em que as idades avançam. No Brasil, o termo terceira idade ficou velho, no sentido de que à velhice tornou-se um período maior, envolvendo idosos com as mais diversas características. Assim, surge o termo quarta idade ou segmento mais idoso, que marca o período da velhice que engloba os aspectos negativos dessa fase da vida como a dependência. A qualidade de vida na velhice está muito ligada com à manutenção da capacidade de realizar as atividades básicas da vida diária e a perda pode impactar de modo negativo na vida do idoso, principalmente o idoso mais velho.
Composição e determinantes das exportações brasileiras intensivas em recursos naturais no período de 2000 a 2018
Authors: Veríssimo Michele Polline
Published: December 2019

Este artigo analisa a composição da pauta exportadora brasileira e investiga os principais fatores que explicam o significativo avanço das exportações intensivas em recursos naturais no período de 2000 a 2018. Para isso, aplica a metodologia de cointegração pela estimação de um modelo Autorregressivo de Defasagens Distribuídas (ARDL) para avaliar os efeitos dos preços internacionais das commodities, da taxa de câmbio real, da demanda externa e da taxa de juros sobre as exportações intensivas em recursos naturais. Os resultados apontam a relevância da demanda externa (efeito-China) e dos preços das commodities para explicar o desempenho daquelas exportações no longo prazo, o que deixa a pauta exportadora vulnerável a variáveis conjunturais que podem ser revertidas ao longo do tempo.
Articulações federativas em contextos metropolitanos
Authors: Nobre Carlos Eduardo
Published: December 2019

Discutimos as articulações federativas verticais e horizontais em contextos metropolitanos, partindo da problemática do “lugar” da metrópole frente ao sistema federativo brasileiro. Se, por um lado, municípios que integram regiões metropolitanas se articulam verticalmente com governos estaduais e Federal; por outro lado, estes mesmos municípios se desarticulam horizontalmente. O resultado seria a fragmentação e desintegração da metrópole. Advogamos a necessidade de uma solidariedade institucional a partir das dinâmicas internas à metrópole, ao tempo em que propomos repensar outra configuração federativa para enfrentamento dos problemas metropolitanos.
Práticas espaciais e consumo: dinâmicas de redefinição em cidades médias policêntricas
Authors: Ferreira Heloísa Mariz
Published: December 2019

Analisamos redefinições de práticas espaciais de consumo nas cidades médias de Marília, Presidente Prudente e São Carlos, que têm atraído investimentos relativos ao comércio e aos serviços. As redefinições estão submetidas a transformações na acumulação do capital, com novas escalas de atuação, e na sociedade, com novo papel adquirido pelo consumo, repercutindo e tendo como condição a complexificação da estrutura urbana e de processos socioespaciais. Contudo, a análise das práticas espaciais de consumo é indicativa da combinação de processos ligados às longas temporalidades e das escolhas cotidianas baseadas em elementos diversos, como o poder aquisitivo, a adoção de inovações em bens e serviços e espaços de consumo e os produtos a serem adquiridos.
Toward a cognitive science of markets: economic agents as sense-makers
Authors: Johnson Samuel G.B.
Published: December 2019

Behavioral economics aspires to replace the agents of neoclassical economics with living, breathing human beings. Here, the author argues that behavioral economics, like its neoclassical counterpart, often neglects the role of active sense-making that motivates and guides much human behavior. The author reviews what is known about the cognitive science of sense-making, describing three kinds of cognitive tools—hypothesis-inference heuristics, stories, and intuitive theories—that people use to structure and understand information. He illustrates how these ideas from cognitive science can illuminate puzzles in economics, such as decision under Knightian uncertainty, the dynamics of economic (in)stability, and the voters’ preferences over economic policies. He concludes that cognitive science more broadly can enhance the explanatory and predictive quality of behavioral economic theories.
Opioid prescription patterns among patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: Sarmento, PT, PhD Caio V. M. , Maz, MD Mehrdad , Pfeifer, DPT Taylor , Pessoa, PhD Marco , Liu, PhD Wen
Published: December 2019

Objectives: To investigate opioid prescribing patterns among patients with fibromyalgia (FM) in terms of age, gender, race, type of opioids, and to examine changes in opioid prescription over the past 8 years compared to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved FM medications.Design: Retrospective review of data using the Healthcare Enterprise Repository for Ontological Narration database. The collected data were analyzed descriptively and a chi-square test for trend was used to analyze a possible linear relationship between the proportions of opioid and non-opioid users along the time.Participants: Patients with a diagnosis of FM who had received opioid prescriptions from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017, and FM patients who had received prescriptions of FDA-approved FM medications in the same period. Main outcome measure: Trends in opioid and non-opioid prescriptions in patients with FM.Results: The opioid medications were prescribed more frequently in 2010 (40 percent) and 2011 (42 percent), but the percentages have decreased since 2012 and reached the lowest numbers in 2016 (27 percent). The chi-square test for trend shows that from 2010 to 2017 the prescriptions of opioids had a statistically significant (p < 0.0001) decrease.Conclusion: This study suggests that the frequency of prescribed opioids in FM patients has decreased since 2012. This decline could be attributed to (1) FDA monitoring programs, (2) national efforts to increase awareness of the addictive and harmful effects of opioids, and (3) the growing research on the efficacy of non-opioid therapies to treat chronic pain conditions including FM.
POTENTIAL HABITAT MODELING OF WATER HYACINTH IN LAKES OF NEPAL USING MAXENT ALGORITHM
Authors: Thakuri S. S. , Shrestha P. , Deuba M. , Shah P. , Bhandari O. P. , Shrestha S.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Invasive Alien Plant Species are spreading outside of their natural geographic range. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is one of the most widely and rapidly spreading invasive species throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal. In the last decade, water hyacinth has become a chronic problem in many major lakes of Nepal which have affected the habitat aquatic plants and animals. Our study focuses on potential habitat modeling of Water hyacinth over the major lakes of Nepal using Maxent algorithm. Primary data used for modeling were 19 bioclimatic variables and Shuttle Radar Topography Model (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM). After preparation of the species distribution model, major lakes of Nepal were overlaid over the model to prepare potential invasive map. The performance and accuracy of potential habitat distribution model was evaluated using parameter Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) which was within the range of 0.9–1. Validation of the model was done for the year 2015 with precision and recall, overall accuracy and F-measure and its values are 93% and 85%, 87% and 89% respectively. The model prepared for 2030 and 2050 shows the most suitable habitat for water hyacinth is in province 2 of Nepal and the moderately suitable habitat for this species is plain area of Province 4, 7 and 5. Similarly, the area of potential habitat has been increasing from current scenario to 2030 and 2050. From the potential invasion map, it can be observed that lakes in the Terai and Churey regions have the high risk of invasion of water hyacinth.
WPS ENABLED SDI: AN OPEN SOURCE APPROACH TO PROVIDE GEOPROCESSING IN WEB ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Tripathi A. K. , Agrawal S. , Gupta R. D.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Sharing and management of geospatial data among different communities and users is a challenge which is suitably addressed by Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). SDI helps people in the discovery, editing, processing and visualization of spatial data. The user can download the data from SDI and process it using the local resources. However, large volume and heterogeneity of data make this processing difficult at the client end. This problem can be resolved by orchestrating the Web Processing Service (WPS) with SDI. WPS is a service interface through which geoprocessing can be done over the internet. In this paper, a WPS enabled SDI framework with OGC compliant services is conceptualized and developed. It is based on the three tier client server architecture. OGC services are provided through GeoServer. WPS extension of GeoServer is used to perform geospatial data processing and analysis. The developed framework is utilized to create a public health SDI prototype using Open Source Software (OSS). The integration of WPS with SDI demonstrates how the various data analysis operations of WPS can be performed over the web on distributed data sources provided by SDI.
ESTIMATING AND MAPPING CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION OF PHEWA LAKE OF KASKI DISTRICT USING LANDSAT IMAGERY
Authors: Wagle N. , Pote R. , Shahi R. , Lamsal S. , Thapa S. , Acharya T. D.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Water is a major component in the living ecosystem. As water quality is degrading due to human intervention, continuous monitoring is necessary. One of the indicators is Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) which indicates algal blooms which are often driven by eutrophication phenomena in freshwater. Lakes should be monitored for Chl-a because Chla-a is related to eutrophication phenomena which are an enrichment of water by nutrients salt. When the environment becomes enriched with nutrients the excessive growth can lead to the death of fish. In this study, the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were utilized to determine Chl-a concentration of Phewa Lake of Kaski district. We used Landsat 8 satellite imagery for estimation and mapping of the Chl-a concentration. In-situ measurements from different sample points were taken and used to form a regression model for Chl-a and its concentration over the water body was calculated. The preceding year’s (2016) in situ measurement data of Chl-a concentration at a specific location were assessed with the one evaluated from the regression model thus produced for the succeeding year (2017) using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) technique. As a result, we concluded that the estimation and mapping of Chl-a of a lake in Nepal can be done with the help of RS and GIS techniques.
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE EDUCATIONAL MODULES ON ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR BACHELOR’S DEGREE CURRICULA IN ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Shults R.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Modern specialists in the field of architecture work exclusively in three-dimensional space. At the same time, their training completely ignores the state-of-the-art technologies associated with obtaining three-dimensional models of engineering structures. In such circumstances, the connections between the three key participants in the design and construction of engineering structures, namely architects, builders, and surveyors are broken. The main technology that allows obtaining three-dimensional models is photogrammetry. The purpose of the presented article is to determine the subject matter of close-range photogrammetry in solving architectural design problems. Based on certain architectural tasks, educational modules for the discipline of architectural photogrammetry of the bachelor educational level were developed. The peculiarity of the proposed program is that it is designed in such a way that it allows using the whole complex of the modern achievements in the field of automated image processing and the specifics of setting and solving architectural problems. At the same time, this program covers such modern technologies and concepts as UAV photogrammetry, digital photogrammetry, photogrammetric scanning, BIM, GIS, etc. Such an approach allows students without problems to learn several special knowledge, which is owned by surveyors and photogrammetrists. The approximate content of the course of architectural photogrammetry for bachelor students is presented.
MONITORING SPATIAL VARIATION IN TRIBAL POPULATION AT TAHSILS OF AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA USING GIS TECHNIQUE
Authors: Deshmukh S.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The tribal population represents a heterogeneous group scattered in different regions of India. The differences are noticed in language, cultural practices, socio-economic status and pattern of livelihood. The tribal population in India rapidly increased from 30.1 million in 1961 to 104.3 million in 2011. For same period tribal residing in rural area have increased by three times from 29.4 million to 93.8 million respectively. The tribal population resides in urban area is very less in number due to these people like to live in the remote areas of the proximity of natural environment. In Maharashtra, more than 47 indigenous tribes were dwelling at Sahyadri and Satpuda mountainous ranges. According to 2011 census, there are about 1, 05, 10,213 tribal populations living in Maharashtra, which constitutes 10.05% population of state. In Maharashtra, there is regional disparity in tribal population such as Nandurbar District has the highest tribal concentration while Dhule, Gadchiroli, Nasik, and Ahmednagar District have moderate tribal concentration. Therefore, present research work is an attempt to understand the Spatio-temporal variation in tribal population of Ahmednagar district using GIS technique during the period of 2001–2011. This study is to examine the tahsil-wise tribal population and identifying pattern of tribal population density in Ahmednagar District. The result shows that more than 80% of tribal population concentrated in Akole, Sangamner, and Rahuri tahsil due to hilly region, roughed terrain, river basin, and forest area. It is also demonstrated that the planning control, researchers and decision-makers should be focused on these areas for implementing policies and large numbers of tribal can be benefited.
SCIDB BASED FRAMEWORK FOR STORAGE AND ANALYSIS OF REMOTE SENSING BIG DATA
Authors: Joshi A. , Pebesma E. , Henriques R. , Appel M.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Earth observation data of large part of the world is available at different temporal, spectral and spatial resolution. These data can be termed as big data as they fulfil the criteria of 3 Vs of big data: Volume, Velocity and Variety. The size of image in archives are multiple petabyte size, the size is growing continuously and the data have varied resolution and usages. These big data have variety of applications including climate change study, forestry application, agricultural application and urban planning. However, these big data also possess challenge of data storage, management and high computational requirement for processing. The solution to this computational and data management requirements is database system with distributed storage and parallel computation.In this study SciDB, an array-based database is used to store, manage and process multitemporal satellite imagery. The major aim of this study is to develop SciDB based scalable solution to store and perform time series analysis on multi-temporal satellite imagery. Total 148 scene of landsat image of 10 years period between 2006 and 2016 were stored as SciDB array. The data was then retrieved, processed and visualized. This study provides solution for storage of big RS data and also provides workflow for time series analysis of remote sensing data no matter how large is the size.
ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY FOR FOREST BIOMASS IN MONGOLIA USING REMOTE SENSING
Authors: Altanchimeg T. , Renchin T. , De Maeyer P. , Natsagdorj E. , Tseveen B. , Norov B.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The forest biomass is one of the most important parameters for the global carbon stock. Information on the forest volume, coverage and biomass are important to develop the global perspective on the CO2 concentration changes. Objective of this research is to estimate forest biomass in the study area. The study area is Hangal sum, Bulgan province, Mongolia. Backscatter coefficients for vertical transmit and vertical receive (VV), for vertical transmit and horizontal receive (VH) from Sentinel data and Leaf Area Index (LAI) from Landsat data were used in the study area. We developed biomass estimation approach using ground truth data which is DBH, height and soil moisture. The coefficient α, β, δ, γ were found from the approach. The output map from the approach was compared with VV and VH, LAI data. The relationship between output map and VH data shows a positive result R2 = 0.61. This study suggests that the biomass estimation using Remote sensing data can be applied in forest region in the North.
SMARTPHONE-BASED VOLUNTEERED GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION (VGI) FOR SLUM MAPPING IN POKHARA CITY OF NEPAL
Authors: Ranabhat K. , Paudyal D. R.
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Informal settlements in urban areas are increasing rapidly throughout the world and regularisation of these settlements is being one of the challenging issues. Various study results have shown that conventional cadastral based information system approach and government managed institutional arrangements do not appropriately address land management issues of slum settlements. The aim of this study is to explore application of smartphone based Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) and open spatial tools for slum mapping in developing countries such as in Nepal. A case of Pokhara Metropolitan city has been considered to explore the potential of utilization of smartphone based VGI and open spatial tools for slum mapping. Attribute and spatial data were collected using Smartphones and community-driven approach. Spatial and attribute data collected from 229 respondents of household’s surveys are integrated, analysed and interpreted and presented in this paper. Open Street Map (OSM) platforms and QGIS open source software have been used for slum mapping. These maps could play an important role in providing spatial information to the local government and planning authority in Nepal. This research paper concludes that smartphone based VGI and open portals such OSM have great potential to contribute to develop slum database and in providing information to plan various strategies, which aims at understanding, regularisation and upgrading slums.
Conceptual Notes on the Internal Business Environment Analysis and the Stra.Tech.Man Synthesis
Authors: Vlados Charis
Published: December 2019

This paper examines the theoretical contributions on the firm’s resources and the articulation of competitive advantages, the firm’s value chain analysis, and the comprehension of the “intangible nature” of the firm in the discipline of the internal organizational environment analysis. The aim is to synthesize these approaches from a critical perspective and attempt to enrich them conceptually based on the “biological perception” and “physiology” of the firm. To this end, the Stra.Tech.Man approach, which exploits interpretatively a synthesis of the evolutionary spheres of strategy, technology, and management for the “living” socioeconomic organization, seems capable of unifying the previous approaches analytically and enrich them.