bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications in general surgery patients in a low-middle income country
Authors: Morris Katelyn , Weston Kylie , Davy Alyssa , Silva Susan , Goode Victoria , Pereira Katherine , Brysiewicz Petra , Bruce John , Clarke Damian
Published: October 2022

Background

Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are an important cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality. Although risk factors for PPCs have been identified in high-income countries, less is known about PPCs and their risk factors in low- and middle-income countries, such as South Africa. This study examined the incidence of PPCs and their associated risk factors among general surgery patients in a public hospital in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa to inform future quality improvement initiatives to decrease PPCs in this clinical population.

Methods

A retrospective secondary analysis of adult patients with general surgery admissions from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017 was conducted using data from the health system’s Hybrid Electronic Medical Registry. The sample was comprised of 5352 general surgery hospitalizations. PPCs included pneumonia, atelectasis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, prolonged ventilation, hemothorax, pneumothorax, and other respiratory morbidity which encompassed empyema, aspiration, pleural effusion, bronchopleural fistula, and lower respiratory tract infection. Risk factors examined were age, tobacco use, number and type of pre-existing comorbidities, emergency surgery, and number and type of surgeries. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to identify risk factors for developing a PPC.

Results

The PPC rate was 7.8%. Of the 418 hospitalizations in which a patient developed a PPC, the most common type of PPC was pneumonia (52.4%) and the mortality rate related to the PPC was 11.7%. Significant risk factors for a PPC were increasing age, greater number of comorbidities, emergency surgery, greater number of general surgeries, and abdominal surgery.

Conclusions

PPCs are common in general surgery patients in low- and middle-income countries, with similar rates observed in high-income countries. These complications worsen patient outcomes and increase mortality. Quality improvement initiatives that employ resource-conscious methods are needed to reduce PPCs in low- and middle-income countries.
Analysis of the interprovincial embodied carbon flow network of China’s exports
Authors: Tang Zhipeng , Yu Haojie , Zou Jialing
Published: October 2022

We calculate the embodied carbon emissions of China’s through the multiregional input–output (MRIO) method, then we construct the interprovincial embodied carbon flow networks of China’s exports based on the mean threshold, and the application of complex network analysis to conduct a detailed examination of the overall characteristics, key nodes and edges, and community structure of China’s interprovincial embodied carbon flow network. We extended the embodied carbon flow network analysis at the provincial level. The results demonstrated the following: (1) The interprovincial embodied carbon flow network of China’s exports has small-world and scale-free characteristics. The node degree probability distribution curves for the networks obviously conformed to a decreasing power law distribution, indicating that a few industrial sectors carry a large amount of embodied carbon and suggesting that reducing the embodied carbon of China’s exports could yield twice the results with half the effort as long as attention is paid to a few sectors. (2) The key nodes and edges in the networks show that industrial sectors and production chains such as the power and heat production and supply industry, the petroleum processing, coking, and nuclear fuel processing industry, and the metal smelting and calendering industry play the role of key “bridges” in the entire network, among which Guangdong, Hebei, Jiangsu, Inner Mongolia, and Shanxi are important node provinces and the main flow paths for the generation of embodied carbon in national exports. These industrial sectors and production chains should bolster their policies to encourage the innovation of carbon emission reduction technologies and decrease carbon emissions, so as to reduce the embodied carbon of national exports on a large scale. (3) The number of communities firstly increased then decreased from 2007 to 2017, while the aggregation coefficient of the node and correlation density within first community displayed firstly downward then upward trends, reflecting firstly decentralization then centralization of the interprovincial embodied carbon flow.
Overcome low levels of detection limit and choice of antibody affects detection of lipoarabinomannan in pediatric tuberculosis
Authors: Amin Anita G. , De Prithwiraj , Graham Barbara , Jensen Brooke L. , Moreau Emmanuel , Chatterjee Delphi
Published: October 2022

The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes that tuberculosis (TB) in children and adolescents is often overlooked by healthcare providers and difficult to diagnose. As childhood TB cases rise, finding a diagnostic high in sensitivity and specificity is critical. In this study 91 urine samples from children aged 1–10 years were analyzed for tuberculostearic acid (TBSA) by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and capture ELISA (C-ELISA). In C-ELISA the CS35/A194-01 antibody performed very poorly with both curve-based and model-based cutoffs. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the CS35 OD450 values was only 0.60. Replacing the capture antibody with BJ76 gave a better performance in both sensitivity and specificity (AUC = 0.95). When these samples were analyzed by GC/MS, 41 classified as ‘probable/possible’ for TB were distinctly TBSA positive with ten samples having <3 ng/mL LAM. However, from the 50 samples with ‘unlikely’ TB classification, 36 were negative but 7 had >3 ng/mL and were designated as LAM positive. This experimental assay assessment study signifies that i) the antibody pair CS35/A194-01 that has been successful for adult active TB diagnosis is not adequate when LAM level is low as in pediatric TB; ii) no one mAb appears to recognize all TB-specific LAM epitopes.
Bergson and Durational Performance: (Re)Ma(r)king Time
Authors: Layton James
Published: October 2022

Explores the possibility of an alternative experience of time, one that is closer to the pure duration described by philosopher Henri Bergson. Contributes to contemporary performance analysis, philosophy and Bergson studies and examines aspects of immersive and participatory performance, ritual and online performance.
Effect of thioredoxin on the immunogenicity of the recombinant P32 protein of lumpy skin disease virus
Authors: Tursunov Kanat , Tokhtarova Laura , Kanayev Darkhan , Mustafina Raikhan , Mukantayev Kanatbek
Published: October 2022

Background and Aim: The rapid spread of lumpy skin disease (LSD) globally poses a serious threat to the agricultural sector. The timely and accurate diagnosis of the disease is crucial to control LSD. This study aimed to determine the effect of thioredoxin on the immunogenicity of the recombinant P32 (rP32) protein of LSD virus (LSDV). Since the P32 protein is poorly soluble, it is often expressed by adding an auxiliary sequence of a highly soluble partner protein such as thioredoxin.

Materials and Methods: The P32 gene fragment was amplified using a polymerase chain reaction from genomic DNA used as a template. The resulting DNA fragments were cloned into the pET32a vector, and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells through electroporation. Purification of the rP32 protein was performed using a HisTrap column. Purified rP32 protein fused with thioredoxin (rP32Trx) was characterized by western blotting, liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: Indirect ELISA revealed that, despite the lower molecular weight, the main part of the antibodies in the serum of immunized mice was directed against thioredoxin and not the target P32 protein. Thus, the antibody titers against rP32Trx were 1:102400, whereas antibody titers against heterologous recombinant 3BTrx and PD1Trx proteins were 1:25600 and 1:51200, respectively. Concurrently, the antibodies did not bind to the heterologous recombinant PD1 protein, which did not contain thioredoxin.

Conclusion: The results showed that the rP32 protein fused with the partner protein thioredoxin could not be used to obtain polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. However, the recombinant fusion protein rP32Trx can be used to develop a serological test to detect antibodies, since antibodies against thioredoxin were not detected in the animal sera.
La escritura como actividad sociocultural compleja en el aula de transición: avances teóricos
Authors: Bellón Morales Consuelo , Cruz Arias María del Pilar
Published: October 2022

La escritura, como actividad sociocultural compleja, es una tecnología que surge como respuesta a una necesidad histórico cultural de comunicación, haciendo de este proceso una acción humanizadora que orienta a los sujetos en la comprensión, la comunicación y recreación del  mundo. Como actividad, es un sistema con su propia estructura, sus propias transformaciones y su propio desarrollo. En este sentido, la escritura comprende dos componentes fundamentales: las acciones y las operaciones que permiten responder el qué y el cómo realizar la tarea de escribir. En consecuencia, la escuela necesita replantear los procesos de apropiación de la escritura, trascendiendo la simple representación de las grafías, al desarrollo de la escritura como un proceso psicológico superior que se alcanza en contextos históricos culturales particulares.
Género discursivo, discursividad y argumentación
Authors: Calderón Dora Inés
Published: October 2022

El artículo plantea que, en la perspectiva dialógica del lenguaje propuesta por Bajtin, la argumentación es un género discursivo. Para ello, se presenta un tejido de relaciones teóricas y metodológicas entre las categorías género discursivo-discursividad-argumentación. La explicación de estas relaciones compromete tres puntos de vista: el filosófico, que considera el lenguaje como actividad discursiva; el epistemológico, que nos sitúa en una comprensión del lenguaje como "potencial semiótico"; y el metodológico, para comprender las categorías fundamentales que proporciona la teoría y su operacionalización para la explicación de la argumentación como género discursivo. Se explica la argumentación como género, desde la relación funcional de la comunicación discursiva, que se desarrolla tanto en los géneros primarios como en los secundarios. Como conclusión, se propone que la argumentación, como género, da razón de las funciones discursivas asumidas por los sujetos que argumentan y revela factores de tipo pragmático y estructural caracteristicos de este género discursivo.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol Biji Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) terhadap Escherichia coli secara In Vitro
Authors: Insani Resa Nafi'atul , Rukmi M.G. Isworo , Utami Widyaningrum
Published: October 2022

Escherichia coli merupakan bakteri patogen penyebab diare yang dapat diatasi dengan pemberian antibiotik, tetapi penggunaan yang irasional menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi, sehingga perlu dicari antibakteri alternatif untuk mengatasinya. Biji pepaya diketahui mengandung senyawa fitokimia alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, terpenoid, saponin, dan steroid yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak metanol 70% biji papaya terhadap E. coli dan konsentrasi ekstrak metanol 70% biji pepaya yang menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terbesar terhadap E. coli. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian eksperimental laboratorium. Biji pepaya diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi, sedangkan metode skrining fitokimia dilakukan dengan uji tabung. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi Kirby-Bauer pada berbagai konsentrasi, yaitu 20%, 30%, 40%, dan 50% b/v dalam DMSO 10% dan ciprofloxacin 5 μg digunakan sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil uji skrining fitokimia ekstrak metanol 70% biji pepaya mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, saponin, dan tanin. Semua konsentrasi uji ekstrak metanol 70% biji pepaya tidak menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli, sedangkan pada kontrol positif menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri yang sangat kuat, yaitu sebesar 25,6 ± 0,92 mm. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat diketahui ekstrak metanol 70% biji pepaya tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli.
Don't Drop Me Outside in 21st Century: A Cry from the Indus Valley Region
Authors: Shoro Iram , Tagar Hamzo Khan , Rubab Rahila Khatoon , Naveed Muhammad
Published: October 2022

Quality education for all is the 4th universal agenda of sustainable development goals is a comprehensive plan of United Nations Organizations (UNO), but still, millions of schools aged eligible children are out of school globally, particularly the majority of belongs to African and south Asian regions which demand us to analysis the situations and sort out the key challenges and policy flaws.  There is a need of the hour to formulate robust policy documents and well-implementation strategies to save the future of tomorrow’s people in greater human development interest. Pakistan is dealing with this chronic problem and at least 22 million Pakistanis children are out of school in the 21st century. The qualitative analysis concludes that scarce allocation and its time-barred utilization system with massive mismanagement hampered the above-referred agenda of human development. The study finds that development allocation fared poorly; a lower literacy rate contributes to unskilled labor, spreading absolute poverty and inequality in the country. The identified social ills spread negative trends in a society like street crime, terrorism, and slow growth in the economy because of the out of school children. There is an urgent need to adopt inclusive development policies, practices, and strategies with a participatory approach to tackle the challenge in greater human development interest.
Financing and information sharing in capital-constrained supply chain
Authors: Duan H.W. , Wang M.T. , Ye Y.S.
Published: October 2022

This paper focuses on financing choices and information-sharing strategies in the capital-constrained supply chain. We model four scenarios with the capital constraints of the respective manufacturer and retailer using bank credit financing (BCF) and trade credit financing (TCF) approaches to address financing problems, and investigate the retailer’s willingness to share demand forecasting information. We find that TCF is an equilibrium financing choice for a capital-constrained supply chain. However, when a capital-constrained member chooses TCF, sharing demand information over the supply chain becomes more difficult. The interactions between the choices of financing approach and information sharing based on the game equilibriums, as well as the conditions that encourage the well-funded member to offer TCF in the capital-constrained supply chains, have also been analytically explored and numerically verified. Additional managerial insights are provided for discussions.
On L
1-Embeddability of Unions of L
1-Embeddable Metric Spaces and of Twisted Unions of Hypercubes
Authors: Ostrovskii Mikhail I. , Randrianantoanina Beata
Published: October 2022

We study properties of twisted unions of metric spaces introduced in [Johnson, Lindenstrauss, and Schechtman 1986], and in [Naor and Rabani 2017]. In particular, we prove that under certain natural mild assumptions twisted unions of L
1-embeddable metric spaces also embed in L
1 with distortions bounded above by constants that do not depend on the metric spaces themselves, or on their size, but only on certain general parameters. This answers a question stated in [Naor 2015] and in [Naor and Rabani 2017].

In the second part of the paper we give new simple examples of metric spaces such that their every embedding into Lp
, 1 ≤ p < ∞, has distortion at least 3, but which are a union of two subsets, each isometrically embeddable in Lp
. This extends the result of [K. Makarychev and Y. Makarychev 2016] from Hilbert spaces to Lp
-spaces, 1 ≤ p < ∞.
The early the better? Or, the more the merrier? The relative effects of onset age and exposure hours on EFL learners’ implicit and explicit grammatical attainment
Authors: Liu Yeu-Ting , Tseng Wen-Ta
Published: October 2022

Drawing on methodological insights from psycholinguistic research protocols, the present study employed a structural equation modelling approach to examine whether explicit and implicit grammatical knowledge of English language learners would be influenced by their onset age of language learning and hours of exposure to language instruction; and if so, in what way? The present study further examined how the hypothesized causal effects might be mediated by explicit and implicit grammatical knowledge. The results showed that while early onset appeared to exert a facilitative effect on the participants’ implicit grammatical attainment, the role of exposure to instructed input was more relevant to their explicit grammatical attainment. Importantly, early onset facilitated the participants’ implicit grammatical attainment more than their explicit grammatical attainment, most likely because early learners’ analytical learning mechanism was still immature. Notably, while superior implicit grammatical attainment was conducive to the participants’ explicit grammatical attainment, their better explicit grammatical attainment did not necessarily facilitate their implicit attainment. The insights of this study shed light on the necessity of implementing early foreign language education when the curriculum goal concerns developing learners’ intuition regarding the FL, and provides empirical evidence of the need to adjust current instructional hours and foci in school.
Asymptotical local probabilities of lower deviations for branching process in random environment with geometric distributions of descendants
Authors: Denisov Konstantin Yu.
Published: October 2022

We consider local probabilities of lower deviations for branching process

Z
n

=

X

n
,
1

+
⋯
+

X

n
,

Z

n
−
1

${{Z}_{n}}={{X}_{n,1}}+\cdots +{{X}_{n,{{Z}_{n-1}}}}$

in random environment η. We assume that η is a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables and for fixed environment η the distributions of variables X
i,j are geometric ones.We suppose that the associated random walk

S
n

=

ξ
1

+
⋯
+

ξ
n

${{S}_{n}}={{\xi }_{1}}+\cdots +{{\xi }_{n}}$

has positive mean μ and satisfies left-hand Cramer’s condition

E

exp

(

h

ξ
i

)

<
∞
 if 

h
−

<
h
<
0

$\mathbf{E}\exp \left( h{{\xi }_{i}} \right)<\infty \text{ if }{{h}^{-}}<h<0$

for some

h
−

<
−
1.

${{h}^{-}}<-1.$

Under these assumptions, we find the asymptotic representation of local probabilities

P

(

Z
n

=

⌊

exp
(
θ
n
)

⌋

)

 for 
θ
∈

[

θ
1

,

θ
2

]

⊂

(

μ
−

;
μ

)

$\mathbf{P}\left( {{Z}_{n}}=\left\lfloor \exp (\theta n) \right\rfloor \right)\text{ for }\theta \in \left[ {{\theta }_{1}},{{\theta }_{2}} \right]\subset \left( {{\mu }^{-}};\mu \right)$

for some non-negative μ
−.
The LBC-3 lightweight encryption algorithm
Authors: Nyssanbayeva Saule , Kapalova Nursulu , Haumen Armiyanbek , Suleimenov Olzhas
Published: October 2022

This article presents a developed lightweight data encryption algorithm called LBC-3. Its essential difference from the known algorithms is the R1 function and the procedure for generating round keys. The main characteristics of this lightweight algorithm and all the transformations used in the encryption and decryption processes are described. The process of generating the round keys of the algorithm is also considered. The results of the study of the cryptographic properties of the algorithm using the “avalanche effect” and statistical tests are presented. The avalanche property was tested for each round with each bit of the source text changing. Based on the work carried out, it was found that the proposed encryption algorithm is effective in providing a good avalanche effect, and the binary sequence obtained after encryption is close to random. The research revealed good cryptographic properties of this algorithm.
Numerical simulation of impact and entrainment behaviors of debris flow by using SPH–DEM–FEM coupling method
Authors: Qingyun Zeng , Mingxin Zheng , Dan Huang
Published: October 2022

Increasing rain levels can easily destabilize and destroy particulate matter in mountainous areas, which can cause natural disasters, such as debris flow and landslides. Constitutive equations and numerical simulation are the theoretical bases for understanding the behavior of these disasters. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of the debris flow and its entrainment behavior on gully bed sediments. We adopted a coupled analysis method based on elastic–plastic constitutive equations by considering the elasto-plasticity of slurry and the elastic characteristics of debris materials. The coupled method consisted of smooth particle hydrodynamic (SPH), discrete element method (DEM), and finite element method (FEM) (SPH–DEM–FEM). SPH particles represented fluid, DEM particles denoted solid immersed in fluid, and FEM elements represented the terrain and structures. The coupling analysis model was used to simulate the coupling contact of solid, liquid, and structures and to describe the entrainment behavior between solid and liquid phases. The model feasibility was verified by comparing the basic simulation results with experimental values of the dam break model and the rotating cylindrical tank model. The coupled model was then combined with the data management and modeling of geographic information system to simulate the 2010 Yohutagawa debris flow event. Finally, we explored the influence of debris shape-related parameters on the debris flow erosion entrainment process.
Combining ability of some sunflower parental lines in both normal and drought stress conditions
Authors: Zareei Siahbidi Asadolah , Rezaeizad Abbas , Ghaffari Mehdi
Published: October 2022

General and specific combining abilities of three cytoplasmic male sterile and four restorer lines of sunflower were studied in a randomized complete block design with three replications under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions in Eslamabad-e-Gharb, Iran during two growing season (2019 and 2020). Drought stress reduced seed yield, oil yield, thousand seeds weight and head diameter by 21.9%, 18.1%, 14.3% and 11.5%, respectively. Line × tester analysis indicated that the effect of lines was significant for the number of days to flowering, plant height, grain yield and seed oil percentage under both normal and drought stress conditions. The effect of lines was significant for number of days to maturity and number of seeds per head under normal condition and for thousand seeds weight under drought stress condition. Contribution of lines × testers were higher than the variances of lines or testers for of most of all the studied traits indicating the major role of non-additive effects on expression of theses traits. R131 was differentiated with the highest positive general combining ability for grain and oil yield in both normal and drought stress conditions. Among the testers, AGK32 and AF81-222 had the highest general combining ability for grain yield under normal and stressed conditions, respectively. R131×AGK38, with grain yields of 4414 and 3457 kg ha-1 under normal and drought stress conditions respectively, had the highest specific combining ability for grain and oil yield under both conditions. The results of this study showed that the genetic materials and environmental conditions can affect the nature of gene effect and combining ability of sunflower parent lines and crosses.
Cryptanalysis of various images based on neural networks with leakage and time varying delays
Authors: Manikandan Munia Samy , Ong Seng Huat
Published: October 2022

The main objective of this paper is to provide an efficient image encryption for each and every single person in order to secure their own records while saving them in social networks. We have formulated the delayed fuzzy cellular neural networks (FCNNs) with suitable keys that are the values of the parameters of FCNNs and obtain the irregular dynamical signal (solution) which encrypts the images. We have utilized entirely 42 parameters as a key sensitivity in the order of 10−15among them three elements of initial condition parameters are sensitive to the order of 10−14. Lastly, comparison results are provided with the existing literature. The measurements show that the proposed algorithm is a novel overall solution for image encryption.
Assessment of the factors contributing to the lack of agricultural mechanization in Jiroft, Iran
Authors: Gavgani Mahdi Sabati , Mohammadzamani Davood , Par-Shokohi Mohamad Gholami
Published: October 2022

Agriculture and its development are the foundations of development in Iran as a developing country. So, this sector can be regarded as the foundation of economic and social development. The capabilities of the agriculture sector are limited, and its efficiency is trivial because of neglecting agricultural development and depriving this sector of real functional supports instead of slogans. The transformation of agriculture to a developed, dynamic, and efficient environment depends not only on appropriate climate and natural resources but also on human resource development in the relevant sector. Hence, in the present study, the causes of the underdevelopment of mechanization in rural areas of Jiroft which has a significant contribution to agricultural production in the area are investigated. Library and field methods have been used to collect information. The statistical population includes 1,324 farmers in Jiroft villages. According to Cochran’s formula, in order to complete the questionnaires, the required quantity as the sample was about 300 farmers. To determine the validity of the content, the experts used Cronbach’s alpha (0.81) to verify the reliability of the instrument. In the present study, the collected data were analyzed by statistical package of Social Sciences 22 and LISREL9 using Pearson correlation through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that five factors, Supportive – research oriented and promotional, market and product, technical and technological, and cultural-social, respectively, were 19.9, 18.6, 14.5, 10.4, and 7.3 percent of the variance. Creating a national document in the field of sustainable development in agriculture, codification of supportive policies, and required laws for this sector are very impressive to improve the process of agricultural mechanization development in Jiroft.
The complete positivity of symmetric tridiagonal and pentadiagonal matrices
Authors: Cao Lei , McLaren Darian , Plosker Sarah
Published: October 2022

We provide a decomposition that is sufficient in showing when a symmetric tridiagonal matrix

A

A

is completely positive. Our decomposition can be applied to a wide range of matrices. We give alternate proofs for a number of related results found in the literature in a simple, straightforward manner. We show that the cp-rank of any completely positive irreducible tridiagonal doubly stochastic matrix is equal to its rank. We then consider symmetric pentadiagonal matrices, proving some analogous results and providing two different decompositions sufficient for complete positivity. We illustrate our constructions with a number of examples.
Helyzetjelentés a pedagógus életpályamodellről - alul-, felül- és oldalnézetben
Authors: Pete József
Published: October 2022

A dolgozat célja a folyamatosan formálódó életpályamodell tapasztalatai alapján képet adni arendszer működéséről, a lehetséges perspektívákról. A tapasztalatok és dokumentumok alapjánleszűrhető megállapítások: 1. Az alapelvek elfogadottsága: az anyagi ösztönzők szerepénekelismerése; a pedagógiai munka mérésének, értékelésének igénye. 2. A szükséges változtatások:a pedagógustársadalom érzékenyítése; a szabályozás áttekinthetősége, következetessége;a szereplők érdekeinek szem előtt tartása; a követelmények, értékelések és teljesítményekharmonizálása; a fordított bevezetésből adódó hatások kiküszöbölése; a bürokratikus terhekcsökkentése. 3. A problémák okai: a projekt kifutása, előzetes koncepciók erőltetése; a hivataliés szakmai szemlélet ütközése; nem kellően megalapozott bevezetés.
Többszörös intelligenciák – egy elmélet születése nyomában
Authors: Dezső Renáta Anna
Published: October 2022

Az Amerikai Nevelés- és Oktatáskutatók Egyesülete (American Educational Research Association, AERA) által évente kiosztásra kerülő, a neveléstudományi kutatások kiemelkedő közreműködőinek járó díjat (Distinguished Contributions to Research in Education Award) – az egyik legnívósabb neveléstudományi elismerést 2020 nyarán Howard gardnernek ítélték pályatársai. A díjat gardner 2020 októberében vehette át a neveléstudományok területén folytatott munkássága elismeréseként, különös tekintettel újszerű intelligencia-szemléletéért, mely világszerte számos tananyagfejlesztési műhelyre, valamint gyakorlati oktatási modellre hatott. E tanulmány gardner munkássága előtt tiszteleg: sokat vitatott többszörös intelligenciák (multiple intelligences) teóriája (1983) kialakulásának kontextusát mind vertikális mind horizontális dimenziókban értelmezi, bemutatva és summázva azokat a hatásokat, melyek az elméletalkotás folyamatát közvetetten vagy közvetlenül formálhatták. Jelen áttekintés újszerű alternatívát kínál: lehetővé teszi, hogy a gardneri elméletet szélesebb interpretációs keretben vizsgálhassák meg mind az azt mindennapi gyakorlataikban alkalmazók, mind a teóriát kétkedéssel fogadók. Az alább kifejtett összefüggésrendszer saját értelmezésemet mutatja a tárgyaltkérdésre vonatkozóan, és természetéből adódóan ettől eltérő vonatkozó hermeneutikai körök létjogosultságát sem vitatja. Emellett gardner kutatói pályaívének magyar nyelvterületen eddig feltáratlan személyes elemeket is tartalmazó bemutatására is kísérletet tesz.
Diversity in Action: The Story of an Art Workshop for Neurodiverse Students
Authors: Ne'eman Adi , Shalev Ma'ayan , Fine Ya'ara Hermelin
Published: October 2022

This paper presents the story of a unique academic course that focuses on the experience of shared learning and co-creation in a neurodiverse group of students in college. The Department of Special Education at Oranim College of Education strives to develop ahumanistic approach among special education preservice teachers that accepts every person, regardless of individual characteristics. These preservice teachers learn that it is important to support all dimensions of their students’ development, addressing their diverse learning needs. Based on this vision, special education preservice teachers were offered an art workshop, in which they participate with neurodiverse students with or without intellectual disability, coming from a variety of religions—Jews, Muslims and Christians. The field of art was chosen as it provides equal opportunity of expression for participants, without requiringprior abilities or skills. This paper will present the story of this course in the eyes of both the teaching staff and participants, dealing with themes such as apart and together, communication and connection, and different perspectives.
Species, taxonomic and ecological diversity of phytoplankton of the Kiliya Danube delta
Authors: Lutsenko D. A.
Published: October 2022

An integral component of the biota of aquatic ecosystems is phytoplankton, which plays a fundamental role in the formation of the autotrophic link. The Danube delta is characterized by unique biotopes, which are characterized by a high diversity of species. Phytoplankton is an indicator of the quality of the aquatic environment and is a convenient object for research, as it can quickly respond to changes in the ecosystem. Phytoplankton species diversity of the Kiliya Danube Delta in the summer of 2019 includes 158 species and intraspecific taxa belonging to 8 divisions. The most numerous are the division Bacillariophyta (52 intraspecific taxons) and Chlorophyta (45 intraspecific taxons); orders Sphaeropleales (24), Naviculales (16), Euglenida (15), Chlorellales (13); families: Euglenidae (9), Scenedesmaceae (9), Naviculaceae (8), Selenastraceae (7), and genera Nitzschia (6), Navicula (5), Monoraphidium (5), Trachelomonas (5), Lepocinclis (5). The phototrophic link is formed mainly by diatoms and green phytoplankton planktonic and planktonic-benthic forms and indicates a dynamic hydrological regime of the object. According to saprobic species indicators, the diversity is dominated by β-saprobic (46%) and oligosaprobic (28%) forms. The water of the Kiliya Danube delta corresponds to class III in terms of organic pollution. water quality, which is characterized as "moderately polluted" and refers to β-saprobic waters. To determine the similarity of the floristic spectrum presented in different sampling locations, Sorensen coefficients in the range from 0.10 to 0.46 were calculated. types of diversity, in terms of amplitude, the stations on the Danube River (Reni, port) and the Kiliya delta (below the sea station) are most similar to each other, other areas are less similar to each other. It was found that, based on the similarity of the floristic spectrum presented in the samples, the Sorensen coefficients are quite low, and it is justified by the geographical location of the studied object, the dynamics of its hydrological regime, and different environmental conditions. The phytoplankton of the Kiliya Danube delta has a wide spectrum of species diversity relative to its spatial distribution.
An IoT aware nature inspired Multilayer Hybrid Dropout Deep-learning paradigm for waste image classification and management
Authors: Ramesh Kumar M. , Ashok Kumar K. , Surender R. , Melingi S. B. , Tamizhselvan C.
Published: October 2022

In this manuscript, the combination of IoT and Multilayer Hybrid Dropout Deep-learning Model for waste image categorization is proposed to categorize the wastes as bio waste and non-bio waste. The input captured images are pre-processed and remove noises in the captured images. Under this approach, a Nature inspired Multilayer Hybrid Dropout Deep-learning Model is proposed. Multilayer Hybrid Dropout Deep-learning Model is the consolidation of deep convolutional neural network and Dropout Extreme Learning Machine classifier. Here, deep convolutional neural network is used for feature extraction and Dropout Extreme Learning Machine classifier for categorizing the waste images. To improve the classification accurateness, Horse herd optimization algorithm is used to optimize the parameter of the Dropout Extreme Learning Machine classifier. The objective function is to maximize the accuracy by minimize the computational complexity. The simulation is executed in MATLAB. The proposed Multilayer Hybrid Dropout Deep-learning Model and Horse herd optimization algorithm attains higher accuracy 39.56% and 42.46%, higher Precision 48.74% and 34.56%, higher F-Score 32.5% and 45.34%, higher Sensitivity 24.45% and 34.23%, higher Specificity 31.43% and 21.45%, lower execution time 0.019(s) and 0.014(s) compared with existing waste management and classification using convolutional neural network with hyper parameter of random search optimization algorithm waste management and classification using clustering approach with Ant colony optimization algorithm. Finally, the proposed method categorizes the waste image accurately.
Interés y disposición al pago por investigaciones periodísticas: ¿una solución a la crisis del periodismo?
Authors: Rodríguez Gómez Eduardo F. , Sandoval-Martín María Teresa
Published: October 2022

Es evidente que Internet ha generado un cambio transversal en

el modelo de negocio en todo el sector mediático. Las vías

tradicionales de financiación se han reducido ante el voraz

impulso por la gratuidad y se ha estimulado la reacción de

actores no profesionales que compiten con los canales

tradicionales de información. El presente artículo analiza el

interés de la audiencia por el periodismo de investigación y su

disposición al pago por contenidos con el objetivo de encontrar

pautas de consumo que orienten a los profesionales en esta

época de crisis. Para llevar a cabo tal análisis, se ha realizado

una encuesta a la población del municipio de Madrid mediante

un muestro por cuotas que se ha diseñado siguiendo los índices

proporcionados por el Padrón Municipal de esta ciudad. Los

datos recogidos, que se basan en tres métodos de pago –micropago,

donación y suscripción anual– y en tres canales de

distribución –medios corporativos, medios no corporativos y

periodistas freelance–, confirman el interés de la audiencia por

el periodismo de investigación pero su falta de disposición al

pago por sus primicias o reportajes de denuncia.
Los efectos de la primera fase del EEES en la enseñanza del periodismo en España: mayor especialización y formación práctica
Authors: Sánchez-García Pilar
Published: October 2022

Este artículo ofrece un estudio comparativo de los programas

de Licenciatura y Grado de 35 universidades españolas con

titulación de Periodismo mediante un análisis de contenido

cuantitativo y cualitativo de 66 planes de estudio con el objetivo

de conocer los efectos de la primera fase del Espacio Europeo de

Educación Superior (EEES) y su adaptación al nuevo entorno

mediático. La investigación ofrece resultados desde cuatro

perspectivas concretas: el mapa de la oferta actual de la

enseñanza del Grado en Periodismo, el cambio de contenido en

los planes de estudio, la continuidad o renovación general de los

programas y el perfil formativo para los nuevos medios. La

principal conclusión es que existe un cambio progresivo de

tendencia formativa de los periodistas en España con un

aumento de la enseñanza práctica-especializada y un recorte

del contenido teórico-multidisciplinar. Al mismo tiempo, la

investigación evidencia una limitada incorporación de

asignaturas obligatorias de nuevas tecnologías para la

formación en nuevos perfiles profesionales.
Enfoques de las noticias y legitimidad mediática: estudio exploratorio de la cobertura de la crisis de refugiados en la Unión Europea
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Carlos
Published: October 2022

Esta investigación se centra en un tipo específico de legitimidad, la mediática, que tiene que ver con los juicios que elaboran los medios de comunicación sobre la legitimidad de las organizaciones y explora la relación entre los tipos de frames (episódicos y temáticos) propuestos por Iyengar (1994) y las tipologías de legitimidad moral propuestas por Suchman (1995): legitimidad consecuencial, procedimental, estructural y personal. El objeto de análisis empírico es la crisis de los refugiados (2015-2016) en la Unión Europea. La legitimidad descansa en el consentimiento de autoridad y de poder. Los medios de comunicación, con sus enfoques de las noticias, pueden moldear las opiniones y actitudes políticas de los ciudadanos y, en consecuencia, los juicios de legitimidad sobre las organizaciones públicas. Se realizó un análisis de contenido con el que poder medir la presencia y ausencia de las tipologías de legitimidad y conocer la relación con los tipos de frames episódicos o temáticos así como el sentido de valoración mediante el coeficiente Janis-Fadner. Esta investigación sugiere que si bien las cuatro tipologías de legitimidad están presentes en la cobertura noticiosa, la procedimental es más episódica que las demás, como también más negativa. La investigación constata la importancia que tiene la gestión de los procesos a la hora de influir en la legitimidad de una organización, y subraya la importancia de la gestión de la comunicación de los procesos de las políticas públicas. Con apoyo en los resultados se formulan hipótesis para futuras investigaciones sobre la atribución de responsabilidades.
Estrategias de videomarketing online. Tipología por sectores de negocio
Authors: Costa-Sánchez Carmen
Published: October 2022

La Web 2.0 representa el éxito del audiovisual. El consumo de vídeo online se mantiene al alza, en una tendencia que se augura continuará a corto y medio plazo. Los dispositivos móviles incrementan su consumo. Las marcas pueden emplear el vídeo para crear comunidad, generar afecto, informar, explicar, mostrar sus productos o servicios, captar clientes. El presente artículo analiza los principales contenidos de vídeo en Youtube de las marcas españolas integrantes del ranking Interbrand 2015. La revisión de la literatura científica ha permitido generar una propuesta de clasificación de contenidos que se pone a prueba y se actualiza por medio del presente estudio. Se han analizado un total de 900 vídeos difundidos por 30 marcas españolas pertenecientes a diferentes sectores de negocio. El artículo ha permitido detectar patrones de producción audiovisual diferenciados en función del sector y localiza el nacimiento de un nuevo tipo de contenido: el branded factual, término que se propone para denominar a aquellas historias reales, contadas por sus protagonistas y producidas por la marca. Las dos principales estrategias aplicadas a vídeo son de marketing o de relaciones públicas, en función del sector. Pero además, se concluye la existencia de una tendencia a la hibridación entre ambas líneas estratégicas que conviene continuar explorando.
Grupos académicos españoles de investigación en Comunicación
Authors: Tur-Viñes Victoria , Núñez-Gómez Patricia
Published: October 2022

El objetivo del estudio es catalogar los grupos académicos españoles de investigación en Comunicación. Las áreas de conocimiento contempladas han sido: Comunicación Audiovisual y Publicidad (105), Periodismo (675) y Biblioteconomía y Documentación (040). El universo está formado por el listado de 55 universidades agrupadas en 4 áreas geográficas. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo sobre 12 variables relacionadas con tres dimensiones: la adscripción y tipo de grupo, la especialización del grupo y su composición. La técnica escogida fue el análisis del contenido de las webs institucionales de todas las universidades (privadas y públicas) con estudios de Comunicación. La muestra integra 213 grupos de investigación académicos y 1.158 líneas de investigación. Entre otros aspectos, se detecta desequilibrio de género en la dirección de los grupos así como un tamaño estándar de 10 miembros. Se identifican los aspectos que caracterizan la investigación de los grupos por zona geográfica y área de conocimiento. Los resultados revelan una notable dispersión en los intereses investigadores de los grupos. Se presentan las agrupaciones de términos más frecuentes. Esta aportación puede ayudar a reformular las propuestas taxonómicas existentes en el campo científico de la Comunicación con base en las prácticas investigadoras reales de los grupos y en la selección de tópicos realizada por sus miembros
Do not mess with a meme: the use of viral content in communicating politics
Authors: Bebić Domagoj , Volarevic Marija
Published: October 2022

Political memes are no longer rare flashes of uncensored personality or intensely manicured visual messages; they have grown into a form of anarchic folk propaganda (Guardian, 2016). The role of the current research is to explain the role and significance of the Internet meme in political communication; to do so, the study takes on the case of former Croatian prime minister, Ivo Sanader. This paper provides the content analysis of the sarcastic Facebook initiative “Ćaća se vraća” (The Father Is Coming Back) and the content analysis of the most popular news portals in Croatia in period of Sanader release from prison. Pilot analysis detected four main thematic issues (typologies) of memes in which Sanader was presented: domestic political issues, domestic social issues, foreign political issues, and foreign social issues. Data show that Sanader was the main actor of the most memes and was presented usually in a positive tone and as a problem solver. In addition, research confirms that this initiative influenced the way media reported about Ivo Sanader in period of media debates about Sanader release from prison. Moreover, in all news where Sanader was mentioned as “ćaća” in selected time period it was always in a positive tone, which is true for all three of the most read news portals in Croatia.
La crítica de los "reality shows" en la prensa
Authors: Barrera Carlos
Published: October 2022

No cabe duda de que uno de los foros desde donde más se viene denunciando la actual configuración de los reality shows es la prensa periódica. La alarma se encendió allá en el mes de enero de 1993 a raíz del triple crimen de Alcácer y su posterior tratamiento televisivo. Desde entonces han sido frecuentes los artículos, informaciones, reportajes e incluso editoriales que han señalado los efectos nocivos para la salud social que supone la proliferación de este nuevo género audiovisual que tanta audiencia está consiguiendo reunir.

El análisis de esta generalizada postura crítica en la prensa (fundamentalmente diarios y semanarios de información general) nos llevará al encuentro de los argumentos más comúnmente utilizados para descalificar a este nuevo fenómeno y también a las contradicciones en que estas críticas incurren en ocasiones. Al mismo tiempo, el problema debe enmarcarse en un contexto aún más amplio, también en perpetuo debate: el de la calidad de los productos televisivos, o de la televisión en general; cuestión que ofrece muy diversas ramificaciones, entre ellas la de la naturaleza, pública o privada, de los distintos canales y su repercusión sobre la programación y la audiencia; aunque tampoco deben olvidarse otras cuestiones íntimamente conexas como la llamada "tele- basura", el fenómeno de los "tele-adivinos" o de los "tele-curanderos", la violencia en películas y dibujos animados, la protección del público infantil, la agresión publicitaria, etc.

Este panorama hace pensar que, pese a la evidencia de que deben corregirse errores de conducta o lagunas legales para la protección de ciertos derechos que son vulnerados hoy en día por los reality shows, la solución de fondo debe situarse en unos niveles más altos y globales: los de la ética y la estética televisivas, la consideración del usuario del medio o telespectador no sólo como un cliente que engrose la cuota de audiencia o share, sino como un ser racional que necesita ser informado, instruido y entretenido y no ser deformado o pervertido explotando bajos instintos o excitando su curiosidad por lo morboso. Y menos aún, claro está, debieran tener cabida en la televisión pública por razones de su peculiar estatus como servicio de interés público. Vayamos por partes
La información como transgresión: una cierta melancolía
Authors: Ponce-Ruiz Manuel
Published: October 2022

¿Por qué Borges, sensible y vidente palabrista, no podía resistir tanta y tanta belleza? Tal vez porque sintiéndola tan intensamente le resultaba inaprehensible. Tal vez porque el ser humano no se conforma con el privilegio de acceder a lo real. Quiere poseer la realidad. Una vez vislumbrada, quiere acceder a la luz y poseerla
Objetivismo, subjetivismo y realismo como posturas epistemológicas sobre la actividad informativa
Authors: Muñoz-Torres Juan Ramón
Published: October 2022

Uno de los grandes males que viene aquejando tradicionalmente a la profesión periodística es la precariedad de los supuestos epistemológicos sobre los que se desarrolla. Si el tema de la verdad ha sido siempre cuestión central y peliaguda en la historia del pensamiento, no podía serlo menos en el campo de la comunicación, y más en concreto, de la comunicación pública.