bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of a Composite Blade Design for 10 kW Wind Turbine Using a Finite Element Model
Authors: Guțu Marin
Published: October 2014

This paper presents the final design of glass-reinforced polyester (GRP) blade for 10 kW wind turbine developed at the Technical University of Moldova by finite element (FE) analysis techniques. This design was reached through an iterative analysis process following a previous design. The objective of this research is to maximize structural robustness of composite blade while reducing its mass and cost. Design optimization of the composite wind turbine blade was performed by checking the static and dynamic behavior. The design variables considered are related to the composite material parameters: fiber direction, layups direction and blade shell thickness based on number of composite layers. The constraints are tip deformations, allowable stresses and resonant vibration of the blade. According to FE analysis results the optimized blade will be stiff enough in storm conditions, will operate out of dangerous resonance frequencies and will weigh approximatively 20% less.
Estimation of Possibilities of the Productivity Rise at Turning of Hard-Processing Materials
Authors: Ivchenko Tatiana , Boguslavskiy Vadim , Petryaeva Irina , Mihaylov Dmitriy
Published: October 2014

The Method of Estimation of Possibilities of the Machining Productivity Rise Taking into Account the Action of Cutting Fluid (TCF) and Coated Carbide Cutting Tools (CCT) for Rough and Fin-Ish Turning Corrosion-Proof, Heat Resisting and Stainless Steels and Alloys is Perfected. the Factor of Machining Productivity Rise at the Expense of Use TCF and CCT is Set. it is Executed Theoretical and Experimental Researches of Influence of the Cutting Regimes on the Cutting Temperature and the Ma-Chined Surface Roughness at Turning of Different Hard-Processing Steels and Alloys. Dependences of the Cutting Temperature and the Machined Surface Roughness on Cutting Speed, Feed and Depth Taking into Account the Action of TCF and CCT are Set. the Factors of Decline of the Machined Surface Roughness and the Cutting Temperature are Certain at the Use of TCF with Different Cooling and Lubri-Cant Properties. the Factors of Machining Productivity Rise are Certain under Various Conditions of the Rough and Finish Turning Different Corrosion - Proof, Heat Resisting and High - Resistance Steels and Alloys Depending on the Factor of the Cutting Temperature Decline and Factor of the Tool Life Rise. the Set Factor of Machining Productivity Rise Allows Estimating Efficiency of the Use of Various TCF and CCT for Different Hard-Processing Materials.
Simulation and Mathematical Modeling on Bending of Pipe Subjected to Internal Pressure
Authors: Olaru Ionel , Nedelcu Dragoş Iulian
Published: October 2014

This Paper Aims from the Simulation Tests to Highlight the Influence of the Diameter and Material Quality, Reflected by the Flow Limit of the Pipe and the Quality and Technological Parameters at the Bending under Pressure of the Pipes. from Literature, those Quality Parameters which Characterize a Correct Bending are: the Ovality of the Transversal Section, the Variation of the Wall Thickness or Eccentricity, the Lack of Whetstones, the Resistance in Function of the Bent Pipe. Pipe Material Characteristics Influence the Quality Parameters of the under Pressure Modeling Process, in the Sense that at the Materials with Small Flow Limit, Ovality or Variation of the Wall Thickness are Small. at Pipes under Pressure Modeling, Ovalities and Variation of the Wall Thickness are in Permissible Limits Valid Recommended for Domains without Special Precision Restrictions.
Aspects of Seismic Hazards Caused by the Mining and its Sequelae
Authors: Becker Lothar
Published: October 2014

The strongest vibration in the Saarland has caused some significant damage patterns mining induced as a consequence vibrations. This paper discusses about the technical options to eliminate resulting incurred damage to the buildings.
Simulator for a Natural Gas Storage Realised in Depleted Deposit
Authors: Gligor Alina Maria , Neacşu Sorin , Eparu Cristian , Petrescu Valentin
Published: October 2014

The present paper presents the implementation of a numerical model for a natural storage transformed into a deposit which takes into consideration the geometry of the storage, the properties of the rocks and in which the movements of the gases can be described. The model is two-dimensional nonstationary and allows the dynamic simulation of the processes of injection and extraction. The location of the wells and their flows can be thus studied and optimized to maximize the amount of the stored gases. The presented model allows the quick finding of solutions for a whole cycle of storage in a short time so that it could be used successfully in the operation process.
Position Control System of a Trunk in an Upward Airflow
Authors: Puiu Petru Gabriel , Drilea Daniel , Nedelcu Dragoş Iulian , Andrioaia Dragoș
Published: October 2014

This paper work presents some aspects of modeling the behavior an object in an upward airflow with possible applications in pneumatic elevators. In the premises known from the literature, was formulated the physical model of corp behavior at air flow varying. In the first stage of the work, was completed in Solid Works the physical model and the functioning simulation in Flow Simulations. The imput data was provided in solving the mathematical model in Matcad 13. To achieve the control system was chose an open sources software solution with SCADA interface made in Pro wiew.
Analysis of the Relationship of the Cutting Tool Wear at Drilling of the Stainless Steel X15CrNiSi20-12
Authors: Vlase Aurelian , Iacob Marius , Blăjină Ovidiu , Darie Vlad
Published: October 2014

The researches in the cutting domain have as purpose the cutting process economic optimization. This paper studies the cutting tool wear at drilling of the stainless steel X15CrNiSi20-12. The experimental data and their subsequent processing represent the original contribution of the authors to the estimation of polytropic exponents and to the assessment in terms of structure of the calculus relation of the cutting tool wear. The obtained relationship of the cutting tool wear on the tool putting surface at drilling of the steel X15CrNiSi20-12 permits the determination of the wear on the putting surface, in the case of a couple: stainless steel X15CrNiSi20-12-Rp5 high-speed spiral drill, depending on the work parameters and the cutting conditions. Putting the condition of wear limitation, from the obtained relation, the cutting speeds are exactly given. The paper also contains graphs for the variation of the tool wear with parameters of the cutting technology. The results can be taken into consideration in the educational studies and in the theoretical technical research. They can be implemented in the manufacturing activity.
Case Study of Manufacturing Information Acquisition System (MIAS) in Automated Continuous Production System
Authors: Ćwikła Grzegorz , Grabowik Cezary , Janik Witold
Published: October 2014

Real-time information feed describing the state of production system is the key to successful management of any company, because up-to-date information is necessary basis for decision making in company operating on globalised market. Data describing the state of the production system should be collected in the manufacturing system, pre-processed, interpreted, filtered, archived and finally, either used in IT systems supporting company management (MES, ERP), or directly presented to crew and managers responsible for specific areas of interest. Possibility of data acquisition in companies strongly depends on specific of branch of industry, technological processes automation level, number of operations performed manually, type of production, etc. Acquisition of data on state of the production system should be carried-on automatically, without involvement of workers. This paper presents overall description of issues of data acquisition in company, proposed Manufacturing Information Acquisition System (MIAS) and the case study of data acquisition in company leading continuous, automated production processes Central Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in Gliwice, Poland.
Robot Vision Application for Overlapped Work Pieces
Authors: Pop Cristian , Davidescu Arjana , Grigorescu Sanda Margareta
Published: October 2014

An automated robot vision application for work piece manipulation is described. The purpose is to pick up work pieces like bearings from a pile and store them in a specific location. The necessary image processing algorithms developed for this application and the camera calibration process are realized by using Matlab software. Based on these algorithms the operation for detecting, identifying, sorting and manipulating the bearings is realized. Also the mathematical model for determining the position and orientation of the bearing with respect to the world reference system attached to the robot’s base is presented.
On Romanian SMEs Development Using Concentrated Energies Technologies Based on Updated Greiner's Model
Authors: Ghiculescu Daniel , Marinescu Niculae , Ghiculescu Daniela
Published: October 2014

The paper deals with an updated Greiners model, defining its final stage,Development through Alliance, in the frame of actual knowledge based economy, and with introduction and characterization of its final crisis,Incompatibility crisis. The research method is based on analysis of SMEs characteristics that use concentrated energies technologies, correlated with characteristics of actual economy. This led to some elements of the final stage of Greiners model, which were developed together with managerial methods of organizational development as well as solutions to avoid or ameliorate the final crisis ofIncompatibility, applied to SMEs, using the approached technologies. It was also identified a trend concerning small and medium enterprises (SMEs) evolution from Romania, which use concentrated energies technologies. Some generic development solutions for the mentioned organizations in actual economy are provided.
Patent Analysis by Business Intelligence Tools and Strategic Growth Opportunities
Authors: Ignat Valentina , Becker Lothar , Lorenz Peter
Published: October 2014

Patent Intelligence analysis provides an overview of the patent activity in the technical fields and giving insights into the competitors` pipeline and is a starting point for preparing own product, intellectual property strategies and development efforts. The Patent Intelligence analysis help to discover new application, serving catalyst a new thinking and creative approaches to business problem or identifying strategic growth opportunities.
Improving Organizational Performance through the Use of the EFQM Excellence Model
Authors: Fechete Flavia , Nedelcu Anișor , Popescu Maria
Published: October 2014

Achieving quality depends on how the company works, planning and control processes are essential for satisfying customers and other stakeholders. In this respect, more companies are turning to systems of excellence that allow the organization to identify problems and help them implementing improvement measures needed for development. The analysis developed in this paper aims is to examine the main processes carried out at a sugar factory by the way they are planned, managed and controlled, through the criterion – Processes- of the EFQM excellence model. The study is focused on an economic analysis of the main financial indicators of the company, in order to highlight its current situation. Applying the criteria -Processes - of the EFQM model the company can analyze its processes and it can establish improvement measures that may be applied.
Solutions in Limit Deviations for Optimum Dimensional Structures of Technological Processes of Machining
Authors: Toca Alexei , Stingaci Ion
Published: October 2014

In the paper the analysis of the dimensional structure of different manufacturing process is made. There are shown that the different schemes of the designer sizes result in a different level of an optimality of a dimensional structure. At definition of number of the technological sizes as criterium of a optimality it is necessary to allow both formation of the intermediate sizes and the effect of errors compensation. The effect of errors compensation is the reason for the change of the sizes nominals and its limit deviations.
The detail subjected to machining, is characterized by constructive dimensional links which reflect, eventually, its functionality. The character of the constructive dimensional links is defined by the designer who takes into account the technological features of machine tools, but not in detriment of functionality. Therefore, carrying out of the dimensional analysis on a joint of these two phases is very important with the purpose of improvement of dimensional adaptability to manufacture of made details. One of criterions of this optimality has the structural nature. The manufacturing process is considered optimum, if in the structure of all technological dimensional chaines number of the technological sizes is minimum. This condition executes if to each designer size there corresponds in a technological dimensional chain the unique technological size, and in dimensional circuits for machining allowances, each machining allowance is determined by two technological sizes or one technological size and one size on blank.
For different variants of the linear dimensions are shown the way in which are changing the limit deviations of technological sizes and respectively of the constructive sizes of the equivalent details.
The Analysis of Performances of an Assembly Line in Synchronous Supply Managed with Kanban and Conwip Methods
Authors: Gavriluţă Alin , Niţu Eduard , Rotaru Ana
Published: October 2014

The present paper is part of a larger study of the authors, which consists in the analysis of performances of several production systems. The researches presented in this paper analyze the influence of the method of production flow management, the method of launching in production and the size of demand from the client on several performance indicators of a multiproduct assembly line supplied on stock. The assembly line is multiproduct type (are assembled 2 types of products that resemble as configuration and technology) and it has 5 workstations with mainly manual activities, that are supplied with parts using a synchronous method. The performance indicators considered were: average work in process, cost per unit, systems reactivity to client demand and throughput, their values being obtained by simulating the functioning of the assembly line in different experimental conditions, determined by the variation of the above mentioned parameters, using ARENA software. The synthesis of the results and their interpretation allow the process managers to take adequate decisions depending on targeted objectives.
Composite Nonlinear Feedback for Vehicle Active Front Steering
Authors: Che Hasan M.H. , Sam Y.M. , Peng Ke Mao , Aripin Muhamad Khairi , Ismail Muhamad Fahezal
Published: October 2014

In this paper, Composite Nonlinear Feedback (CNF) is applied on Active Front Steering (AFS) system for vehicle yaw stability control in order to have an excellent transient response performance. The control method, which has linear and nonlinear parts that work concurrently capable to track reference signal very fast with minimum overshoot, fast settling time, and without exceed nature of actuator saturation limit. Beside, modelling of 7 degree of freedom for typical passenger car with magic formula to represent tyre nonlinearity behaviour is also presented to simulate controlled vehicle as close as possible with a real situation. An extensive computer simulation is performed with considering a various profile of cornering manoeuvres with external disturbance to evaluate its performance in different scenarios. The performance of the proposed controller is compared to conventional Proportional Integration and Derivative (PID) for effectiveness analysis.
Mixed H2/H∞ with Pole-Placement Control Design Outline for Active Suspension Systems
Authors: Shavalipour Aghil , Haris Sallehuddin Mohamed
Published: October 2014

This paper consider the control of active automotive suspensions applying Mixed (H2/H∞) state-space optimization techniques. It is well known that the ride comfort is improved by reducing vehicle body acceleration generated by road disturbance. In order to study this phenomenon, Two Degrees of Freedom (DOF) in state space vehicle model was built in. However, the H∞ control method attenuates the agitation effect on the output while H2 is employed to improve the input of the controller. Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) technique is employed to calculate the dynamic controller parameters. The outcome of the simulation revealed that ride comfort for the vehicle upgraded adequately by applying mixed H2/H∞ Control method for active suspension system, and also the mixed H2/H∞ Control method was more effective than the H∞ Control method.
Simulation on Force Tracking Control of a Magnetorheological Damper under Impact Loading
Authors: bin Pokaad Alif Zulfakar , bin Said Md Radzai , bin Ahmad Fauzi , Kamaruddin Mohd Nazeri
Published: October 2014

This paper focuses on the design of the control structure which consists of inner loop controller employed for MR damper under impact loading by using computer simulation. The simulation is done by using MATLAB 7.0. The structure of the inner loop control for the proposed MR damper model uses a simple PI control to achieve the desired force. In this simulation, the MR damper model that has been validated with the experimental result is used to simulate the actual force that produced by MR damper. The performance of inner loop controller to track the actual force produced by MR damper by obtaining the several input functions which are half wave of sinusoidal, saw-tooth, square and random functions of desired force with the variation in pendulum mass of 15 kg and 20 kg are investigated. It can be seen clearly that under several input functions, the proposed polynomial model with PI controller has the good ability to track the desired damping force under impact loading.
Development of Audible Signal Control System for Electric Vehicle as Pedestrian Detection
Authors: Salleh Ismasyariff , Mohd Zain Mohd Zarhamdy , Hamzah Raja Ishak Raja
Published: October 2014

This paper describes and discusses the development of the control system to produce engine sound as audible information for pedestrian to detect the Electric Vehicle (EV) presence instead of alarm type noise. EV produces less noise when travels at low speed condition and can bring unexpected accident to the road user. Various alarms were introduced by the car manufacturers to prevent this problem but the implementation of this system has brought some inconveniences to the EV user since EV is known for its calm and quiet. The engine sound that will be the output of the control system must meet the International Standard Organization (ISO) standard as minimum noise emitted from the vehicle and also as cue sound for pedestrian detection. The introduction of engine sound in EV at the low speed manoeuver is expected to resolve the safety issues among pedestrian and at the same time maintain the EV quality to its user.
Experimental Study of Position Controller for an Electro-Mechanical Throttle Actuator for Automotive Applications
Authors: Supriyo Bambang , Tawi Kamarul Baharin , Kob Mohd Salman Che , Mazali Izhari Izmi , Abidin Yusrina Zainal
Published: October 2014

This paper introduces an electro-mechanical throttle actuator and presents its real time position controllers using a proportional-derivative-plus-conditional-integrator (PDPCI) controller. The throttle actuator is built using a linear actuation DC motor which is directly connected to the engine throttle using a metal cable. The throttle actuator system is remotely placed inside the control room for carrying out engine performance tests safely. A PC-based ratio controller system is implemented using Matlab/Simulink® software and a NI PCI-6259 data acquisition system card. Two sets of initial PID parameters, opening and closing, are determined experimentally using combination of relay feedback method and Ziegler Nicholl formula. The performance of the throttle actuator controller is assessed in terms of percent overshoot, settling time and steady state error.
Effects of Ambient Temperature Condition on Biodiesel Properties Derived from Palm Oil
Authors: Lambosi Latip , Zakaria Hanis , Jaat M. , Manshoor Bukhari , Khalid Amir
Published: October 2014

Crude palm oil (CPO) is currently the most preferable feedstock to be converting into biodiesel via transesterification process in this region. Though the commercial projections for biodiesel have grown, there remains some concerns with respect to its resistance to degradation during storage that possibly will compromise the fuel quality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influences of ambient temperature condition on properties of biodiesel characteristics and emission. The biodiesel samples were stored and monitored in glass container at the temperature 6°C, 25°C and 30°C, and blending of biodiesel was varied from 5vol% (B5) - 45vol% (B45). The changes of density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, water content, acid value, and as well as emission of CO2and CO were observed. The result show storage under ambient temperatures properties of CPO biodiesel were found to have higher value compare to the other temperature storage and also have significant effect on the CO emission.
Experimental on the Effects of Various Air Filter Elements on Spark Ignition Engine Performance
Authors: Zain Shukri , Zahelem M. Nurhidayat , Basri M. Hisyam
Published: October 2014

This paper presents the results of an investigation on the effect of air filter elements on the performance of spark ignition (SI) engine. Three different types of material; paper, cotton and foam were tested as filtering element in the air filter before the mixing process with fuel in the carburettor. In the experiment, a four-stroke single-cylinder engine was coupled to a 20 kW generator dynamometer to measure engine performance parameters; engine torque, engine power (B.P), brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) at various engine speeds with maximum engine load. The results show correlation between engine performance and the qualities of filtered air as a function of type of air filter element/material used.
Improvement of Engine Performance Using an Adaptive Valve Lift and Timing (AVLT) Mechanism at High Engine Speeds
Authors: Abdul Rasid A.F. , Mohamad T.I. , Ghazali M.J. , Mahmood W.M.F. Wan
Published: October 2014

This paper explains about an improvement of high end performance using an adaptive valve lift and timing mechanism (AVLT). This system is developed with an aim to produce a more powerful engine through a variable valve timing technique. The preliminary design of this system adjusts the valve lift via control lever positioned by the rotation of an electric motor and has the potential to be actuated by a hydraulic cylinder that utilises engine fluids pressure difference with respect to the engine speed which made the valve lifts higher in higher engine speed and loads. The mechanism actuation is determined by a feedback signal of the engine electronic control unit that interacted in relation with the present engine speed and load. Therefore, a continuously dynamic valve lift profile with respect to the engine speed can be achieved thus varies the output performance of an engine. As a result of applying the AVLT on a simulated engine model with the actual parameters, the power and torque were increased in high engine speed (above 4000 rpm). The AVLT is able to increase the default valve lift by up to 35.96%. In high end speed of 7000 rpm, maximum lift of AVLT improved engine power by 4.26%, brake torque by 4.25% and reduced the brake specific fuel consumption by 1.14%. Maximum lift of AVLT increased the engine peak power at 6000 rpm by 2.38%. The product of this research will be useful to optimise the height of the valve lift during operation thus improves the engine performance, fuel economy and emission levels of spark ignition engine.
Statistical Analysis for Multiple Non-Linear Knock Factors in Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Witwit Azher Razzaq Hadi , Yasin Azman , Gitano Horizon , Mahmood Mohammed Ismael
Published: October 2014

In this study, we will address the problem of knocking in internal combustion engines, and some of the factors affecting the knocking, through the study of the power of the effect of each factor after finding a model representing the relationship between the factors. We found Curve fitting model from data that has been obtained through the engine test (1.3L Campro, modified to turbocharger, 4-cylinder, MPI). This model has been evaluated statistically after finding the parameters that intervened in the construction of that model.
Effects of Biodiesel on Performance and Emissions Characteristics in Diesel Engine
Authors: Khalid Amir , Jaat M. , Mustaffa Norrizal , Anuar M.D. , Manshoor B. , Ali M.F.M. , Ngali Zamani
Published: October 2014

Biodiesel is the alternate fuel which is derived from renewable sources either is vegetable oils or animal fats. Biodiesel is non-toxic, have higher biodegradability, free of sulphur, no aromatics and its oxygen content of about 10-11% which is usually not contained in diesel fuel. These characteristics thus predominantly influences to the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) in the exhaust gas. Purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of oil palm blended fuel, engine speed and test load conditions on the fuel properties, combustion process, combustion characteristics, exhaust emissions and engine performance. The engine speed was varied from 1500 to 3000 rpm, load test condition varied by dynapack chassis dynamometer in 0% ,50% and 100% and blends of 5 (B5), 10 (B10) and 15 vol% (B15) palm oil with the diesel fuel. Increased of blends ratio can improve the combustion process and give less HC and CO emission and almost nearly engine performance. However, this condition tends to produce high NOx production due to higher oxygenated fuel in biodiesel content.
Development of Fuel Injector Monitoring Using Strain Gauge Signal
Authors: Hoo C.L. , Nuawi Mohd Zaki , Haris S.M. , Abdullah S. , Ismail Ahmad Rasdan
Published: October 2014

The Fuel injector is an important component in a vehicle engine for determining the performance of an engine. It is believed that, by knowing the current state of the injector, one can take any prior safety measure and ensuring the optimal performance of the engine. However, it is very difficult to study and analyse the fuel injection system in real time during the operation of the vehicle. A study was conducted in developing a method to monitor the fuel injector using the strain signal generated from the strain gauge sensors installed on the fuel injector. This method is practically implementable and can be used on the actual operation of the engine. A research rig was developed in order to visualise the behaviour of the injector at any instant by obtaining the three key parameters from the strain gage sensors which are the pulse width (ms), frequency (Hz) and pressure (bar). All data obtained from this experiment will be analysed using the Matlab software, where the I-kaz (Z∞) will be applied as the main method to clearly visualize the operation of the machine. The result shows that for the same pulse width and pressure, the series have the same pattern for I-kaz coefficient. They have a consistent trend compared to the Skewness and Kurtosis parameters. This method serves to predict and describe the behaviour of the fuel injector to ease the monitoring task at any instant throughout the engine operation.
Material Property Characterisation Method Using Vibro-Acoustic Signals
Authors: Nuawi Mohd Zaki , Bahari Abdul Rahim , Abdullah Shahrum , Ihsan Ahmad Kamal Ariffin Mohd , Lamin Fauziana
Published: October 2014

Material play an important role in engineering design and the characterisation of material property has become an essential requirement for their successful application as structural elements. In this paper, the development of material property characterisation method has been presented. Impulsive excitation test has been performed on rectangular bars (medium carbon steel S50C, cast iron FCD 500, stainless steel AISI 304and brass). The transient vibro-acoustic signals generated during the excitation test have been captured using data acquisition system consist of accelerometer-microphone combination. A new method for reducing the noise components from the recorded signals is introduced by an extensive process of a new Z-stem filtering technique. The filtered signals have been analysed using an alternative statistical method known as Integrated Kurtosis-based Algorithm for Z-notch filter (I-kazTM) to determine the pattern of the signal and to estimate the significance differences among those materials. The representation of the experimental curves obtained by the determination of I-kaz coefficient, Z∞for various impact forces and materials revealed that the results are statistically significant and can be successfully used for determining the correlation between the curves and material property. Implications of this research to material property characterisation will be discussed.
Public Perception and Acceptance of Diesel-Powered Passenger Cars in Malaysia: An Initial Study
Authors: Hamid Muhammad Faiz Abdul , Mahmood Wan Mohd Faizal Wan , Mansor Mohd Radzi Abu , Abdullah Shahrir
Published: October 2014

Globally, the transport sector consumes the biggest share of the fuel supply. Common fuels used in the transport sector are petrol and diesel. Diesel engines have been proven to be more advantageous over gasoline engines, in the aspects of fuel efficiency and engine reliability. The use of diesel passenger cars is very popular in European countries compared to Malaysia. A wider use of diesel-powered cars in Malaysia may benefit the car users, government and the country. The study of the causes of the low percentage of diesel-powered car usage in Malaysia was examined in this present study by using the latest data available in the literature, and by conducting a survey to measure the perceptions and views of the Malaysian public towards diesel-powered passenger cars. Results of this study showed that most of the respondents admitted that diesel engines give more savings. However, respondent perception that diesel-powered cars emit noise and high air pollution of the environment is the main reason Malaysians not choosing diesel-powered cars.
Numerical Study on Hydrodynamic Resistance of New Hull Design for Multipurpose Amphibious Vehicle
Authors: Maimun Adi , Nakisa Mehdi , Tarmizi Ahmad , Ahmed Yasser M. , Behrouzi Fatemeh
Published: October 2014

MultipurposeAmphibiousVehicles(MAV)and other blunt-shaped floating vehicles encounter the problem of a large bow wave forming at high speeds. This wave formation is accompanied by higher resistance and at a critical speed results in bow submergence or swamping. Three new shapes of hull bow design for the multipurpose amphibious vehicle were conducted at several speeds to investigate the hydrodynamic phenomena using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD, RANS code) which is applied by Ansys-CFX14.0 and Maxsurf. The vehicle’s hydrodynamic bow shapes were able to break up induced waves and avoid swamping. Comparative results with the vehicle fitted with U-shape, V-shape and Flat-shape of hull bow, showed that the U-shape of the hull bow has reduced the total resistance to 20.3% and 13.6% compared with the V-shape and flat shape respectively. Though, the U-shape of hull bow is capable to increase the amphibious operating life and speed of vehicle. Also it has ability to reduce the vehicle’s required power, fossil fuel consumption and wetted hull surface.
Preliminary Analysis in the Improvement Turning Abilities in Design of the Monorail Bogie PT. MBW Indonesia
Authors: Danardono A.S. , Prayogo G. , Sugiharto Sugih , Nugraha T. , Nuryadi K.
Published: October 2014

A straddle type monorail is the most widely used as means urban transportation system. It can be implemented in order to solve the problem of urban transportation and to support the concept of a light transit urban mobility of sustainable transport system. In the last five years, PT. MBW has started a study the design and manufacturing of straddle type monorail in Indonesia. In this research, we intend to propose the new design concept of the bogie more specific than the design standard available because the urban city topography in Indonesia has not developed yet to provide an area specific for installation a monorail facility. One of the design parameters that will be improved is the turning-ability and gradient-ability. The normal standard turning ability of a monorail for some products in the world has a minimum radius of 40-60 m, while the gradient-ability is about 5-6 %. The preliminary analysis in this research is to improve the turning abilities of monorail bogie and the effect of monorail motion stability. Bogie design will be accomplished by using the method of virtual prototyping.
Driving Fatigue among Long Distance Heavy Vehicle Drivers in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Khamis Nor Kamaliana , Deros Baba M. , Nuawi Mohd Zaki , Omar Rabiatul Basariah
Published: October 2014

Long distance driving could result in driver’s fatigue. Driving fatigue has been identified as one of the main reasons behind fatal crashes and injuries. This study aims to identify the body parts that experience fatigue and investigate factors that contribute towards driving fatigue among long distance heavy vehicle drivers. Two methods were used to collect information; first, an oral face-to-face interview and second, a self-administered survey questionnaire. A set of questionnaire was developed, pilot tested for its reliability and validity; and distributed to the respondent. Respondents were 60 heavy vehicle drivers from Klang Valley. Majority of the heavy vehicle drivers agreed that long driving hours is the main factor that causes fatigue. Both oral interviews and survey findings showed that all respondents experienced fatigue while driving. Majority of them start to experience fatigue after two hours of driving. In addition, the result of this study shows the drivers experienced severe discomfort on shoulder and low back. Majority of them highlighted that lack of sleep before starting the journey is the main fatigue cause. In conclusion, the heavy vehicle drivers should have sufficient sleep before long distance driving and take a break after two hours of driving.
Investigation on Adult Occupant Protection in Car Pole Side Impact Using Various Material and Thickness of Side Doors and B Pillar
Authors: Lilehkoohi A.H. , Faieza A.A. , Sahari B.B. , Nuraini Abdul Aziz , Halali M.
Published: October 2014

In this paper the objective is to study the effect of the material and thickness of the side doors and B pillar on crashworthiness and the energy absorbed in order to select a proper material and an optimized thickness to approach a five star car concept based on the Euro New Car Assessment Program (Euro-NCAP) testing Pole Side Impact. In this matter, four materials and five thicknesses have been chosen for the vehicle model and a total of twenty simulations have been conducted. The results showed that the best selected materials and thicknesses were high strength Steel 204M with a thickness of 1.2mm for side doors and 0.65mm for the B pillar, however, it is important to note that this selection is to maximize the absorbed energy not necessarily to reduce the total weight of the vehicle.
Lateral Side Impact Crash Simulation of Restrained 3 Year Old Child
Authors: Shasthri S. , Shah Qasim H. , Kausalyah V. , Idres Moumen M. , Abdullah Kassim A. , Voon Wong Shaw
Published: October 2014

Motor vehicle crashes have become the leading cause of death for children in many developed countries and the trend is on the rise in Malaysia. Child anatomy and physiology necessitates a separate restraints system to be implemented during vehicle travel. Although approximately twice as many crashes with a child fatality are frontal compared to lateral, it is shown that side impacts are nearly twice as likely to result in a child fatality as frontal impacts. Due to the complexity and the highly non-linear nature of vehicle crash affecting occupants, much work still remains to be looked into. This is especially so in the study of injury mechanisms towards efforts of improving CRS design as well as vehicle parameters that may offer more effective and robust injury mitigation. The study here presents a methodology which outlines the development and testing of a simulation model where a 3 year old child, restrained in a CRS within a vehicle, is subjected to lateral side impact by a bullet vehicle. A combined environment of both Finite Element as well as Multi-body is used for the model development. A HYBRID III dummy model is used to represent the child while an FE model is used for the CRS model. A hybrid modelling method is utilized for the belt harness system. The model and simulation conditions are set based on the global FMVSS standard. Head injury criterion and Neck injury criterion are primarily considered in the model assessment. Model development as well as validation steps are presented with discussion of the model’s salient features for greater insights in the study of injury mechanisms.
Reprocessing Index for Automotive Co-Axial Swash Plate A5
Authors: Othman Rozaiman Suffian , Sulong Abu Bakar , Ibrahim Shahruddin
Published: October 2014

Recycling is a process that involves the three Rs (reduce, reuse, and recycling) of managing recyclable items such as paper, metal, glass, and plastic. An index system has been established to calibrate the level of processing reliability or cycle reliability with a specific metric that uses reprocessability index (RPI). The subject of this study is a unit of a co-axial compressor automotive air conditioning system that affects the shape, area, and volume of other units of the same system. The main objective of this study is to determine the component life cycle and to formulate recommendations for design changes with a controlled RPI level for the new automotive air conditioning compressor unit based on the original product. Analysis in this study is based on the value of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and RPI for each component such as C01 (front cover), C02 (valve plates), C03 (front cylinder body), C04 (rear cylinder body), C05 (piston), C06 (shaft power), C07 (swash plate), C08 (back cover), C09 (inlet valve), and C10 (discharge valve). The RPI values for these components are 7.249, 12.480, 10.869, 10.869, 9.567, 9.578, 7.346, 7.002, 7.532, and 8.239, respectively. All components have an RPI value between 7 and 13, which indicates that they still have a limit on the reprocess ability. Appropriate redesign of a component can alter these RPI values. In this study, two improvements are proposed for the design of the C04. The first redesign shifts the RPI of this component to 23, which indicates thatC04 cannot be reprocessed. The second design reduces the RPI to 8, which improves the reprocessability. Then, the consideration of the research and development engineer for the same or other functions makes the product throughout its life cycle. These approaches can prevent wastage of energy and mineral resources as well as control industrial pollution.
Simulation of Thermo-Mechanical Models for Hot Formed Parts by Numerical Experiments
Authors: Senin Azman , Mohd Nopiah Zulkifli , Jamaludin Muhammad Jamhuri , Zakaria Ahmad
Published: October 2014

The Finite-Element Analysis (FEA) is a prediction methodology that facilitates product designers produced the part design with manufacturing focused. With the similar advantages, manufacturing engineers are capable of build the first actual car model from the new production Draw Die. This approach has eliminated the requirement to manufacture the prototype model from soft tool parts and soft tool press die. However, the prediction accuracy of FEA is a major topic of research work in automotive sector's practitioners and academia as current accuracy level is anticipated at 60%. The objective of works is to assess the prediction accuracy on deformation results from mass production stamped parts. The Finite-element model is developed from the CAD data of the production tools. Subsequently, finite-element model for production tools is discretized with shell elements to avoid computation errors in the simulation process. The sheet blank material with 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm thickness is discredited by shell (2D modeling) and solid elements (3D modeling) respectively. The input parameters for the simulation model for both elements are attained from the actual setup at Press Machine and Production Tool. The analysis of deformation and plastic strain are performed for various setup parameters. Finally, the deformation characteristic such as Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) and thinning are compared for all simulated models.
Potential Applications of Magnetorheological Elastomers
Authors: Ubaidillah  , Mazlan Saiful Amri , Sutrisno Joko , Zamzuri Hairi
Published: October 2014

Magnetorheological elastomer still becomes interested topics among researchers since the rheological properties can be controlled by applying external magnetic field by means of adjustable modulus of elasticity. In this paper, the current application of MRE and related patents will be discussed. Potential application of MRE focused on three main areas. The first is explanation on MRE implementation in vibration cancellation mainly in vehicle system such as active vibration suppression and variable impedance sound absorber. The second explanationfocuses on its potential application on medical devices such as prosthetic device. The third section describes future possible application of MRE based on its tunable properties.Finally, the concluding remarks can be generally stated that MRE still has wide range smart device development and promising more valuable product.
An Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Empty and Foam-Filled Aluminium Conical Tubes under Oblique Impact Loading
Authors: Fauziah Mat , Khairul Azwan Ismail , Yaacob Sazali
Published: October 2014

This paper presents the crushing behaviour of empty and foam-filled conical aluminium alloy (AA6061-T6) tubes under oblique impact loading using a validated nonlinear finite element (FE) code, LS-DYNA. The study aims to assess the beneficial of foam filling on the energy absorption in terms of mass reduction, for variations in filler density and geometrical parameters of AA6061-T6 tubes. The results obtained successfully identified the critical tube mass and critical foam density. It is evident that foam filling successfully induced high Specific Energy Absorption (SEA) value of foam-filled tubes thus proving that the assessment of critical total tube mass and critical foam density point is vital in identifying proper combination of tube-filler to the effectiveness of foam-filled tubes. The combination of AA6061-T6 tube and aluminium foam demonstrates pronounced SEA increase as high as 72.3% compared to the empty tube.
Research on the Change of Automobile Marketing Mode with Development of Mobile Internet
Authors: Xiao Jun Tao
Published: October 2014

Mobile Internet, characterized by mobility, immediacy, interactivity and personality, has great influences on auto industry, one of which is the change of automobile marketing mode. The first is to change the marketing idea from product-centered to customer-centered. The second is to change the marketing organization and establish a new type of relationship between manufacturers and dealers. The third is to change marketing technique: network marketing intermingled with the physical marketing. Therefore, the automobile enterprises and dealers should renew the idea, change the talent training mode, and adapt to the demand of automobile marketing mode changes.
The Design and Realization of 3D Virtual Campus
Authors: Ma Jian Mei
Published: October 2014

The technology of Virtual Reality (VR) has been widely used in many industries and fields. It also injects fresh energy into the construction and implementation of 3D Virtual Campus. Taking Lintong Campus of Xi’an University of Science and Technology as a prototype, this paper used SketchUp and 3DS MAX to construct 3D scene model of campus. Furthermore, Quest3D and Virtual Reality Engine were used as the basic developing platform to implement 3D Virtual Campus. This paper focused on the modeling method of the mountain terrain and the collision detection of big scenes.
Research of Automatic Software Test Platform with Virtualization Technology
Authors: Liu Zhen Yu , Chen Wen Jie , Cai Li Zhi
Published: October 2014

This paper studies the software automatic test in virtual machine environment. The existing software automatic testing technology is not compatible for virtual machine. Cloud-based virtual environment provides a new means for the software test. A novel testing framework is proposed in this paper. The new technology combined cloud-based virtual environment and related the software automation tool. The fully test procedure are provided with test design, test develop, test execute and test result collection. The character for different application could be supported in this framework. The virtualization technology is used to test some applications and proved effective.
Design and Implementation of Digital Television Closed Caption
Authors: Deng Qi , Xu Pin , Li Shao Bin , Zhang Xin Yao
Published: October 2014

In China, closed caption is the latest technology standard separating the caption from the image. In current digital television system, it is an urgent issue to be resolved that how to implement the real-time transmission of closed caption with its host video. This paper proposed a kind of closed caption and its representation method. It also designed a closed caption data structure based on XML and provided a solution about how to package XML file and XML Schema file into MXF files.
Image Identification Technology of Branches in Loquat Trees
Authors: Huang Biao , Shao Ming , Song Lei
Published: October 2014

The pruning of branches in loquat trees is the main part of the consumption of labor in production, so the use of branch intelligent pruning device can effectively reduce the labor intensity and cost. Identification of branches is the key technology of intelligent pruning branches, and it is the first step of intelligent pruning equipment research. A recognition method of branch images was introduced in this paper. With this approach, we used open operation to deal with the images after the segmentation which was performed by using color aberration, and the image noises were eliminated basing on comparison of connected areas. For faulted branches which were caused by leaves shield or strong illumination, they could be filled by expanding at the designated place, and then the integrated frameworks of branch images were obtained. At last, both the positions of the center points and the diameters of loquat branch images were determined based on the characteristics of the branch image edges. Experiments showed that the accurate identification rate of branch feature images and branch center coordinates were 89.3% and 84.6%.
Simulation Research for Petal Color
Authors: Lu Ling , Song Wen Lin
Published: October 2014

The petal color was represented by parametric equation and the parameters were in connection with parametric equation of petal shape. The initial petal shape was represented by a rectangle parametric equation. Combining the petal shape feature, we changed the rectangle equation into petal parametric equation. According to the parameters in petal equation, we may get the model of flower garland and flower costal to control hue, intensity and saturation (HIS). These color models may be combined to form complex flower color. The model can be realized quickly and two kinds of flower simulation result show that the method is effective.