bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variability of serum reproductive hormones in cows presenting various reproductive conditions in semi-arid areas of the North West Province, South Africa
Authors: Molefe K. , Mwanza M.
Published: March 2020

Background and Aim: Hormones play a significant role in supporting reproductive processes. Predisposition to metabolic disorders may result from biological alterations in the neurohormonal system, thus leading to impaired immune function and poor reproductive performance. The aim of this study was to determine the reproductive hormonal profile in cows with reproductive conditions in semi-arid areas of the North West Province, South Africa, to establish possible correlations between different conditions and the hormonal profile.

Materials and Methods: Blood samples were collected from cows in different communal areas of Mafikeng. Convenience sampling was used to collect samples for the study. Blood samples were collected cows experiencing dystocia (n=50), retained placenta (n=13), downer cow syndrome (n=34), vaginal prolapse (n=16), and abortions (n=69), following cases reported at the Animal Health Hospital of the North-West University, Mafikeng Campus. Descriptive statistics, such as mean and standard deviations, were used to describe the distribution of hormone levels across reproductive conditions. p-value less than the significance level was set at 5% (p<0.05).

Results: Data obtained revealed significantly higher estradiol in abortion (1122.99±71.99 pg/ml), downer cow syndrome (781.32±135.7 pg/ml), and dystocia (862.09±123.44 pg/ml). Oxytocin (OT) differed significantly in cows with dystocia (370.50±71.66 pg/ml) and abortion (574.73±60.65 pg/ml). Significantly low progesterone (Pg) was observed in abortion (2.45±1.509 ng/ml) and dystocia (8.59±0.402 ng/ml) while increased prostaglandin alpha was observed in cows with vaginal prolapse and abortion.

Conclusion: The findings highlight an increase in serum estradiol and OT in aborting cows. Low Pg and estradiol in cows with vaginal prolapses and retained placenta were noted. An association was seen between downer cow syndrome and high concentrations of estradiol and Pg. Prostaglandin alpha may increase in cases of vaginal prolapse and abortion. Hormonal alterations were observed and may contribute to the incidences of different reproductive conditions.
Optimisation of Transport Capacity of a Railway Siding Through Construction-Reconstruction Measures
Authors: Černá Lenka , Dolinayová Anna , Hranický Michal Petr
Published: March 2020

Railway sidings in the Slovak Republic, despite their reduction, still do not lose their importance. In railway transport, a significant part of the realised performances is represented by transport on railway sidings and there is therefore a need to continuously develop and adapt the siding operation to the requirements of the transport market. The reason for the decrease of their number is nowadays mainly the financial demands on the construction of the new siding and its operation. In view of this fact, there are sidings in several companies in the Slovak Republic where the transport performances do not decrease and the performances realised on their railway siding are considered as dominant and economically advantageous. The aim of this paper is based on the analysis of the current state of the siding operation in the selected company in order to solve the problem with insufficient capacity of the siding due to the increase in the volume of processed materials. The problem with the capacity of the analysed siding will be solved through construction-reconstruction measures - namely by construction of a new handling track. This option is a solution to the problem of an insufficient capacity of the siding, which affects the current transport performances and costs of railway wagons staying at stations, too. The proposed measures to support the increase of a siding capacity will be economically evaluated and the pay-back period of these solutions will be assessed.
Diversity of forager lifeways in the prehistoric past
Authors: Fisher Jacob L.
Published: March 2020

The underlying theme of Foraging in the past is how archaeology can be used to identify the full range of diversity among hunter-gatherers in the absence of ethnographic analogues. In the introduction, Ashley Lemke argues that forager diversity must have been greater in the past than is suggested by comparison with the spatially and temporally restricted ethnographic record of modern hunter-gatherer societies. The deep prehistoric past covers timeframes with no modern environmental analogue, and the subjects of our study include a broader range of human ancestors than just anatomically modern humans. Consequently, archaeologists must use models and hypotheses to identify novel forager adaptations that lack any modern ethnographic equivalent.
La Responsabilidad Social Corporativa: factores específicos en la reputación de la empresa cuencana
Authors: Humala Rojas Hugo Johnson , Humala Rengel John Bernabé
Published: March 2020

La Responsabilidad Social Corporativa -RSC- es una herramienta que puede transformar las empresas para que establezcan políticas con miras a alcanzar el desarrollo de la sociedad. Con este argumento, el presente artículo pretende determinar el nivel en el que se encuentra la RSC en las empresas de Cuenca - Ecuador, analizada desde el punto de vista de los encargados de su manejo, los colaboradores y la comunidad; además señalar que la aplicación de estos programas puede incrementar su reputación. Para establecer el nivel de RSC fueron indagadas 20 empresas, tomando una muestra de 396 representantes de los grupos de interés, divididos en 198 colaboradores y 198 miembros de la comunidad, a más de los 20 voceros de las organizaciones. El estudio realizado tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo; se recogió información sobre las actividades desarrolladas por las empresas investigadas y se realizó un análisis, con el fin de comprobar los factores más practicados. Después de realizar las encuestas se pudo observar que existe una coincidencia entre lo que dicen los facultados del manejo de la RSC y los colaboradores, mas no con lo que sostienen los actores de la comunidad.
Puferi u nastavi. I. Mjerenje vrijednosti pH i osnove teorije pufera
Authors: Dabić Dario , Petrin Damjan
Published: March 2020

Puferi su važni za mjerenje i održavanje vrijednosti pH koje je ključno u mnogobrojnim svakodnevnim znanstvenim i industrijskim djelatnostima. Stoga, cilj ovoga teksta je razjasniti fizikalno-kemijske parametre na kojima počivaju puferi. Obrađeno je kako se i zašto provodi umjeravanje članka za mjerenje pH. Navedeno je koji se problemi mogu pojaviti tijekom mjerenja pH i kako te probleme riješiti. Rad se bavi primjenom stečenog znanja u nastavi, kao i njihovom provjerom kroz primjere i računske zadatke. Navedenim praktičnim primjerima olakšano je usvajanje temeljnih pojmova vezanih uz pH i pufere. Tako je obrađeno kako pravilno definirati pH, što je Henderson-Hasselbalchova jednadžba i koja su joj ograničenja, kako vizualno provjeriti djelovanje pufera, koja je povezanost Le Chatelirova načela i pufera, o čemu treba voditi računa prilikom mjerenja pH. Među ostalim, navedena je i važnost utjecaja temperature kod umjeravanja pH-članka, mjerenja pH uzorka, ali i iskazivanja vrijednosti pH. Na kraju, navedeno je kako unaprijediti stečena znanja i vještine kroz pitanja povezana s vrijednostima pH i puferima.
Nomogram for predicting severe morbidity after pheochromocytoma surgery
Authors: Wang Hongyan , Wu Bin , Yao Zichuan , Zhu Xianqing , Jiang Yunzhong , Bai Song
Published: March 2020

Purpose

Although resection is the primary treatment strategy for pheochromocytoma, surgery is associated with a high risk of morbidity. At present, there is no nomogram for prediction of severe morbidity after pheochromocytoma surgery, thus the aim of the present study was to develop and validate a nomogram for prediction of severe morbidity after pheochromocytoma surgery.

Methods

The development cohort consisted of 262 patients who underwent unilateral laparoscopic or open pheochromocytoma surgery at our center between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2016. The patients’ clinicopathological characters were recorded. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) binary logistic regression model was used for data dimension reduction and feature selection, then multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to develop the predictive model. An independent validation cohort consisted of 128 consecutive patients from 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018. The performance of the predictive model was assessed in regards to discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.

Results

Predictors of this model included sex, BMI, coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, tumor size, intraoperative hemodynamic instability, and surgical duration. For the validation cohort, the model showed good discrimination with an AUROC of 0.818 (95% CI, 0.745, 0.891) and good calibration (Unreliability test,
P = 0.440). Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the model was also clinically useful.

Conclusions

A nomogram was developed to facilitate the individualized prediction of severe morbidity after pheochromocytoma surgery and may help to improve the perioperative strategy and treatment outcome.
Mutations in a Novel Cadherin Gene Associated with Bt Resistance inHelicoverpa zea
Authors: Fritz Megan L , Nunziata Schyler O , Guo Rong , Tabashnik Bruce E , Carrière Yves
Published: March 2020

Transgenic corn and cotton produce crystalline (Cry) proteins derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that are toxic to lepidopteran larvae. Helicoverpa zea, a key pest of corn and cotton in the U.S., has evolved widespread resistance to these proteins produced in Bt corn and cotton. While the genomic targets of Cry selection and the mutations that produce resistant phenotypes are known in other lepidopteran species, little is known about how selection by Cry proteins shape the genome of H. zea. We scanned the genomes of Cry1Ac-selected and unselected H. zea lines, and identified twelve genes on five scaffolds that differed between lines, including cadherin-86C (cad-86C), a gene from a family that is involved in Cry1A resistance in other lepidopterans. Although this gene was expressed in the H. zea larval midgut, the protein it encodes has only 17 to 22% identity with cadherin proteins from other species previously reported to be involved in Bt resistance. An analysis of midgut-expressed cDNAs showed significant between-line differences in the frequencies of putative nonsynonymous substitutions (both SNPs and indels). Our results indicate that cad-86C is a likely target of Cry1Ac selection in H. zea. It remains unclear, however, whether genomic changes at this locus directly disrupt midgut binding of Cry1Ac and cause Bt resistance, or indirectly enhance fitness of H. zea in the presence of Cry1Ac by some other mechanism. Future work should investigate phenotypic effects of these nonsynonymous substitutions and their impact on fitness of H. zea larvae that ingest Cry1Ac.
Association between statin use and mortality risks during the acute phase of ischemic stroke in patients admitted to an intensive care unit
Authors: FURLAN Natalia Eduarda , SOUZA Juli Thomaz de , BAZAN Silméia Garcia Zanati , FRANCO Roberto Jorge da Silva , LUVIZUTTO Gustavo José , GUT Ana Lúcia , MODOLO Gabriel Pinheiro , WINCKLER Fernanda Cristina , MARTIN Luis Cuadrado , BAZAN Rodrigo
Published: March 2020

Abstract Ischemic stroke is a common cause of death. The role of statins in the secondary prevention of the chronic ischemic stroke phase has been established. However, evidence regarding their efficacy in this phase is limited and contradictory. Objective: To evaluate the association between statin use and mortality risk during the acute phase of ischemic stroke in patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Methods: This was an observational and prospective study of ischemic stroke patients aged ≥18, admitted to an intensive care unit. Medications used during the first 7 days after the ictus, as well as medications used previously, were recorded. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality during the first 7 days. Results: We screened 212 patients and included 97 patients with ischemic stroke in the study period. The mortality rate among patients who used statins during the acute IS phase [14% (9/63)] was significantly lower than that among patients who did not use statins [41% (14/34); p=0.007]. This was confirmed in logistical regression with an 0.19 Odds Ratio - OR [p=0.018; 95% confidence interval - 95%CI 0.05-0.75]. Patients who died were older, had a higher incidence of acute myocardial infarction, higher scores on the NIHSS and lower systolic blood pressure. Statins and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors were used more frequently among survivors. These associations persisted even after adjustment for confounding variables. Conclusion: Statins and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors use during hospitalization were independently associated to a lower rate of all-cause mortality in the first 7 days of intensive care unit admission.
Celebrating the 70 years of pyridostigmine on therapy of Myasthenia Gravis: historical aspects of the preliminary trials
Authors: LORENZONI Paulo José , KAY Cláudia Suemi Kamoi , DUCCI Renata Dal-Prá , FUSTES Otto Jesus Hernandez , WERNECK Lineu Cesar , SCOLA Rosana Herminia
Published: March 2020

Abstract Currently, pyridostigmine bromide is an indispensable anticholinesterase agent used worldwide to treat patients with Myasthenia Gravis (MG). However, pyridostigmine bromide was unsuccessful in its “pioneering trials” to treat a series of MG patients. There are important historical landmarks before pyridostigmine bromide becomes useful, safe and indispensable for MG therapy. After 70 years of these “pioneering trials”, this article reviews some historical aspects related to them, as well as other preliminary trials using pyridostigmine bromide as therapy for MG patients.
Spatial dynamics of orange production in the state of Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Costa Gustavo Vaz da , Neves Carmen Silvia Vieira Janeiro , Telles Tiago Santos
Published: March 2020

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify and qualify the microregions specialized in orange production and the spatial dynamics of citrus production in the state of Paraná, Brazil. For this purpose, data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and the Brazilian Central Bank were used. The location quotient (LQ) methodology was applied, the principal component analysis (PCA) and the cluster analysis were carried out, and information regarding the location of industries and agribusiness cooperatives that process orange juice in the state of Paraná was collected. The LQ results, subdivided into 5-year periods, denote changes in the spatial dynamics of orange production. Between 1998-2002 and 2013-2017, the specialized microregions increased from nine to 11; in addition, the consolidation of a citrus belt, which extended from the northwestern to the northeast area of Paraná, took place. Two main components explained 89.16% of the total data variability and four clusters were identified. The microregion of Paranavaí was the most specialized and the most important for the orange production chain in Paraná. The dynamics of orange production were spatially associated with the location of industries and agribusiness cooperatives in the sector, which were concentrated in the northwestern and mid-northern Paraná.
Estrutura, tema ou contexto: em que concentrar o trabalho do historiador da filosofia, especialmente do medievalista?
Authors: Savian Filho Juvenal
Published: March 2020

Resumo: Muitos trabalhos em história da filosofia, eminentemente em história da filosofia medieval, são marcados por uma oposição metodológica entre três abordagens: a ênfase na estrutura interna de um pensamento; a ênfase na investigação de um tema ou conceito; a ênfase na inserção de um pensamento em seu contexto histórico-filosófico. No entanto, é possível defender a aproximação dessas três abordagens, e mesmo a combinação delas, em vista de um ganho de inteligibilidade dos pensamentos estudados. É o que pretende o presente artigo, procurando apontar para a artificialidade da oposição entre as três abordagens e defendendo um modelo comunicacional que a supere.
Dibattiti filosofici e scientifici sulla geomanzia nel medioevo latino
Authors: Palazzo Alessandro
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Geomancy, a divinatory discipline imported from the Arab world, flourished in the Latin Middle Ages. In the attempt to explain the popularity of geomancy, translators and authors of geomantic writings, philosophers, theologians, and other scholars addressed such issues as its validity, its philosophical implications, and the worldview it presupposed. This paper explores this debate, delineating the epistemological status of geomancy in relation to astrology. The problem of the scientificity of geomacy will be discussed with regard to the celestial influences on the sublunary world. In addition, the different roles played by both the geomancer and the consultant (quaerens) are examined. Attention will be paid to the concept of intentio, which implies a psychological analysis peculiar to geomancy. Geomancy is also characterized by ritual elements such as both preliminary prescriptions and invocations of God, meaning that it is not an ordinary divinatory technique, but a form of wisdom revealed only to experienced and upright geomancers, who can thus obtain knowledge of future events and hidden things. From this analysis emerges the complex nature of geomancy, whose original Arabic version had a prominent religious character and a close, albeit ambiguous, link with Islamic prophecy.
As duas faces da ciência de acordo com Tomás de Aquino
Authors: Nascimento Carlos Arthur Ribeiro do
Published: March 2020

Resumo: Tomás de Aquino, ao falar de ciência mostra-se influenciado pelo Segundos analíticos. Entende ciência quer como uma disposição mental, quer como um conjunto de proposições de acordo com as propriedades e relações lógicas e epistêmicas das proposições que dele fazem parte.
A importância e o legado de Alberto Magno na controvérsia sobre a unicidade do intelecto
Authors: Raschietti Matteo
Published: March 2020

Resumo: A finalidade deste trabalho é destacar importância e o legado do dominicano Alberto Magno na controvérsia com os defensores da unicidade do intelecto possível para todo o gênero humano. Para tanto, será feita uma apresentação sumária do seu tratado De unitate intellectus, redigido em 1263. Após uma contextualização histórica que apresenta a posição do bispo de Regensburg diante das teses averroístas, procurar-se-á mostrar como ele foi o inspirador, quanto a essa questão, de um dos seus alunos mais brilhantes: Tomás de Aquino. Além disso, deseja-se frisar como, para o Doctor Universalis, a contribuição de Averróis se revelasse indispensável: este soube indicar, com efeito, a maneira correta segundo a qual o intelecto devia ser considerado “imaterial”, embora sua conclusão da existência de um único intelecto possível para todo gênero humano fosse inaceitável.
O mal, a matéria e a Lei em Moisés Maimônides
Authors: Macedo Cecilia Cintra Cavaleiro de
Published: March 2020

Resumo Moisés Maimônides (1135-1204) é um dos mais importantes pensadores medievais. Sua obra filosófica o Guia dos perplexos não apenas se tornou uma referência fundamental para os pensadores judeus até os dias atuais, mas também exerceu intensa influência sobre os autores latinos durante a escolástica cristã. O Guia aborda diversos temas, dentre eles, há a questão do mal. Maimônides não acredita na existência de um mal substancial. Sem estatuto ontológico próprio, o mal é meramente privação do bem e se divide em três classes: mal natural, o mal que um homem inflige a outro ou aos demais em geral e aquele mal que o homem causa a si mesmo. Este artigo visa expor a perspectiva racionalista de Maimônides sobre a questão do mal e a fundamentação desta na matéria, a importância da Lei, bem como sua consequente proposta de conduta ética.
Aniquilamento e descriação: uma aproximação entre Marguerite Porete e Simone Weil
Authors: Nogueira Maria Simone Marinho
Published: March 2020

Resumo Neste artigo, pretendemos abordar o pensamento de duas mulheres (duas filósofas francesas) por meio dos conceitos de aniquilamento (anientissement), que encontramos em Le mirouer des simples ames de Marguerite Porete († 1310), e descriação (decréation) que aparece em Pensateur et grace de Simone Weil (1909-1943). Também usaremos a obra de Weil La connaisance surnaturelle composta pelos Cahiers d’Amérique e Notes ècrites à Londres, onde ela faz referência ao livro de Marguerite Porete. Deste modo, apresentaremos, num primeiro momento, a mística de Marguerite Porete, focando no conceito de aniquilamento. Depois, num segundo momento, mostraremos um pouco da mística de Simone Weil por meio do conceito de descriação. A partir deste segundo momento, já iremos traçando alguns paralelos para mostrar a semelhança entre a mística das duas pensadoras que se refletirá no terceiro momento deste artigo, onde apresentaremos Weil como leitura de Le mirouer des simples ames.
O ato moral segundo Tomás de Aquino
Authors: Martines Paulo
Published: March 2020

Resumo: Ao considerar as ações que são propriamente humanas, as quais pertencem ao homem enquanto homem, Tomás de Aquino destaca aquelas ações que procedem da vontade deliberada e que visam a um determinado fim, uma orientação que será caracterizada como algo inscrito no próprio ser da criatura e acompanhada de certo conhecimento. Este artigo almeja estudar a constituição do ato moral para Tomás, fazendo ressaltar não apenas a centralidade da vontade na constituição desse ato, mas também certos assuntos pertinentes à reflexão tomasiana do ato moral, como a distinção voluntário/involuntário, a coexistência de inteligência e vontade na determinação do ato humano e a qualificação da ação que é imperada pela vontade, pois é nela que se manifestará de modo mais claro o agir ético para Tomás, demarcado este pelo signo da prudência. A referência textual de Tomás, aqui utilizada, diz respeito à segunda parte da Suma de teologia.
A virtude da dulia (honra) em Tomás de Aquino
Authors: Ramos Felipe de Azevedo
Published: March 2020

Resumo: A honra foi amplamente tratada por diversos autores antigos, tais como Aristóteles e Cícero. No medievo, Tomás de Aquino retoma alguns temas da Antiguidade, oferecendo uma formulação nova. Para isso, ele se serve do conceito de dulia, superando o tradicional binômio com a latria. Na realidade, ele reputa à dulia uma virtude anexa à justiça que visa prestar honras ou homenagens aos homens excelentes, em particular aos virtuosos. De fato, o Estagirita já considerava a honra como um “prêmio da virtude”. Nesse contexto, se percorre todo corpus thomisticum para analisar o conceito de dulia e de honra, quando esta se refere ao assunto tratado. Para isso, se pergunta o que é a dulia propriamente, a quem deve ela ser prestada, se a honra pode ou deve ser desejada, o papel da magnanimidade, como e para que se honra. A proposta tomasiana poderia trazer um novo olhar a respeito da temática, infelizmente um pouco esquecida nos dias de hoje.
João Duns Scotus sobre a escravidão
Authors: Pich Roberto Hofmeister
Published: March 2020

Resumo: As contribuições dos pensadores medievais para o debate em torno da escravidão ainda são pouco conhecidas em seus detalhes. Junto com as abordagens na filosofia antiga, na patrística, no direito romano e no direito canônico, elas formam um corpo de textos e de ideias fundamental para se compreender o tratamento da escravidão do século XVI ao século XIX. Neste artigo, busca-se expor e analisar a abordagem que João Duns Scotus dá ao tema, contrastando-a com as visões de Aristóteles e de Tomás de Aquino. As posições de Scotus dependem de seus pareceres sobre a liberdade, a propriedade e a lei positiva, bem como sobre o significado do livre-arbítrio como condição prático-racional de todos os seres humanos. Na base dessas ideias, Scotus restringe de forma severa as condições de lei positiva segundo as quais a servidão pode ser introduzida com justiça e o escopo de perda de liberdade que pode ser aceito no contrato da escravidão.
A retórica na Antiguidade e na Idade Média
Authors: Costa Ricardo da
Published: March 2020

Resumo: O artigo trata da retórica na Antiguidade e na Idade Média a partir da perspectiva de onze filósofos – Platão e Aristóteles, Cícero, Sêneca e Quintiliano, a Retórica a Herênio (de autor desconhecido), Agostinho, Marciano Capela e Isidoro de Sevilha, Bernardo de Claraval e Ramon Llull. Oferece, ainda, um extrato por nós traduzido da Retórica nova (1301) do filósofo catalão, a primeira tradução para a língua portuguesa.
A construção da escuta-flânerie: uma pesquisa psicanalítica com socioeducadores
Authors: Pires Luísa Puricelli , Gurski Rose
Published: March 2020

Resumo A partir de rodas de conversa com adolescentes acautelados em uma instituição socioeducativa, desenvolvidas pelo Núcleo de Pesquisa no qual esta investigação está inserida, decidimos ampliar os espaços de escuta aos agentes socioeducadores. A apresentação massiva de real, por meio da estética do lugar, das cenas presenciadas na instituição e de algumas narrativas dos agentes, foi sendo engendrada a partir de dois pressupostos teóricos: a escuta psicanalítica e a leitura benjaminiana da posição do flâneur de Baudelaire. O flâneur, como aquele que imprime um tempo distendido à urgência, foi tomado como o correspondente corporal para a atenção flutuante. Nesse sentido, a psicanálise e a flânerie conjugaram-se a fim de abrir espaços de narração por meio dos quais os sujeitos podiam retomar pontos extraviados da história social e da sua própria. O escrito apresenta a escuta-flânerie como um modo de a escuta e a pesquisa psicanalítica estarem presentes também nesses sítios.
PLANNED BEHAVIOR AND RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AS ANTECEDENTS TO ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION: A STUDY WITH UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: PAIVA LUIS E. B. , SOUSA EVANGELINA S. , LIMA TEREZA C. B. , SILVA DIRCEU DA
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the relationship between religious beliefs and the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior in entrepreneurial intention. Originality/value: The article stands out by promoting the understanding of entrepreneurship from the Theory of Planned Behavior proposed by Ajzen (1991), aligning it with religious beliefs. Design/methodology/approach: It is an exploratory and descriptive study, of a quantitative nature. The survey method was used to collect the data, in which a sample of 448 students from the Business Administration courses at two public universities in the northeast of Brazil was obtained. Structural Equation Modeling was used to treat and analyze the data. Findings: The results demonstrated that personal attitude, perceived control, and religious beliefs influence the entrepreneurial intention of university students, which did not occur with subjective norms. However, subjective norms influenced the personal attitude and perceived control of university students. The university students presented a predisposition to entrepreneurship and recognized that they have the necessary skills to create a business. However, the choice to become an entre preneur may not be motivated directly by the expectation of its social referents. Moreover, university students did not perceive the influence of religious beliefs in the manifestation of their behavior, because vocation and prosocial motivation are far from the environmental context in which university students are inserted or because they are not practicing a religion that fosters such beliefs.
Water productivity with localized irrigation using groundwater and reuse water in the cultivation of plant species
Authors: Macêdo Antônia B. M. , Costa Raimundo N. T. , Araújo Danielle F. de , Nunes Kenya G.
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the water saving potential of replacing the traditional, furrow-irrigated banana crop in the Curu-Pentecoste Irrigated Perimeter with localized systems by inserting new cropping plans and sources of groundwater and reuse water. An analysis of the support capacity in shallow tube wells for irrigation was also performed, considering the scenario of full recharge and water scarcity. The economic analysis was performed using the profitability indicators of the investment analysis: benefit/cost ratio, net present value, internal rate of return and payback period. Water productivity data reveal that cropping plans associated with alternative sources of water from shallow tube wells and reuse of the excess surface irrigation water in localized systems are economically more attractive than traditional, furrow-irrigated banana crop. The support capacity of shallow tube wells reveals that the exploitation of this underground water resource in the region is a viable alternative for irrigation of small areas. With the exception of banana, the other scenarios analyzed showed positive cash flows from the second year.
Fuzzy modeling of the risk of cacao moniliasis occurrence in Bahia state, Brazil
Authors: Almeida Samira L. H. de , Silva Samuel de A. , Lima Julião S. de S. , Rosas Jorge T. F. , Capelini Vinicius A.
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT This work aimed to determine potential areas for the establishment of cocoa moniliasis in Bahia state, Brazil, by means of fuzzy logic, based on historical datasets of temperature and air relative humidity, available for 519 measurement points distributed throughout the state of Bahia. The data were initially submitted to a descriptive statistical analysis. The spatial variability was determined through geostatistical analysis, followed by interpolation to map the spatial-temporal structure dependence of the phenomenon. Simulations of continuous pixel-to-pixel classification of variables were performed using fuzzy mapping to model the climatic risk of disease establishment. The exponential fuzzy model was applied to temperature data, while the linear model was used for air relative humidity data. The potential areas were defined for each month, using data of temperature and air relative humidity. The fuzzy models used allowed for modeling of the climatic risk of cocoa moniliasis establishment. A large area of the state is at high risk of disease, thus requiring mitigating measures to avoid the pathogen’s introduction and dissemination.
Nitrogen and mepiquat chloride can affect fiber quality and cotton yield
Authors: Leal Aguinaldo J. F. , Piati Gabriel L. , Leite Rafael C. , Zanella Mayara S. , Osorio Christian R. W. S. , Lima Sebastião F.
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT The use of mepiquat chloride (MC) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivation has increased significantly in recent years. The use of MC, a growth regulator, results in higher precocity and lower height and consequently increases yield and reduces crop costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen (N) and MC doses on fiber quality and cotton yield. This study was conducted during the 2012/13 and 2013/14 harvests in the experimental area of the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa Agropecuária de Chapadão, located in the municipality of Chapadão do Sul, MS, Brazil, at 18° 48’ 45.9” S, 52° 36’ 3” W, having an altitude of 820 m. The experimental design was a randomized blocks in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme comprised of five N doses (0, 40, 80, 120, 160 kg ha-1) and four MC doses (0, 50, 100, 150 mL ha-1) with four repetitions. Analyses of fiber quality included: length, uniformity, elongation, strength, micronaire index, reflectance, yellowing degrees and short fiber content. Regarding cotton yield, green color index (GCI), plant height at harvest time, and cotton seed yield were determined. The best results for fiber quality and productivity occurr with the application of 76.8 mL ha-1 of MC to the cotton crops when the N dose is greater than 80 kg ha-1. Increasing N doses causes an increase in cotton yield and micronaire index, but there is a decrease in fiber uniformity.
Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients in two irrigated wheat cultivars
Authors: Silva Tonny J. A. da , Bonfim-Silva Edna M. , Fenner William , Duarte Thiago F. , José Jefferson V. , Castañon Thiago H. F. M.
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT In the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, wheat is an alternative to the current production system, mainly in irrigated crops, with new cultivars improved for this environment and system. The objective was to determine the evapotranspiration of the irrigated wheat crop and the dual coefficients of cultivars for the Brazilian Midwest. The experiment was conducted in the field using 12 weighing lysimeters and mini-lysimeters, filled by soil monoliths. The wheat cultivars BRS-254 and BRS-394 were used in the first and second years, respectively. Reference evapotranspiration was obtained by the Penman-Monteith equation and crop evapotranspiration by the mass difference in the lysimeters. Basal crop coefficient and soil water evaporation coefficient were determined according to the crop development stages in both years of cultivation. The mean ETc and ETo values were 3.87, 3.49 mm d-1 and 4.10 and 3.23 mm d-1, respectively, in the first and second cultivation cycles, with higher values of ETc recorded in the reproductive stages of the crop, flowering and grain filling. The basal crop coefficients and soil water evaporation coefficients estimated by weighing lysimeters composed of soil monoliths are: Kcb - 0.42, 0.78, 0.94, 0.74 and 0.47 and Ke - 0.72, 0.52, 0.39, 0.58 and 0.13 for the cultivar BRS-254, and Kcb - 0.28, 0.27, 0.65, 0.98 and 0.66 and Ke - 1.04, 0.96, 0.65, 0.34 and 0.51 for the cultivar BRS-394, at the stages of emergence, tillering, flowering, maturation and harvest, respectively.
Microclimate and thermal comfort indices in silvopastoral systems under different planting directions and seasons
Authors: Carvalho Rafael P. de , Heid Debora M. , Davide Livia M. C. , Piletti Ligia M. M. da S. , Jesus Fernanda L. F. de , Viegas Neto Antonio L.
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT The orientation of tree-rows in a silvopastoral system associated with different seasons of the year allows more or less sunlight penetration, resulting in deliberate modification of the microclimate composition and thermal conditions provided to animals. In this sense, the aims of this study were to evaluate microclimatic variables and thermal comfort indices for east-west and north-south oriented silvopastoral systems, compared to unshaded systems during summer and winter. The study was conducted at the Modelo II Farm (21° 08’ S 53° 17’ W) at an altitude of 354 m. A randomized block design in scheme of split-split plots with five repetitions was adopted. Two planting directions and a control treatment (unshaded) were evaluated in the plots. Collection times were evaluated in sub-plots, and the distance from eucalyptus trees was evaluated in sub-sub-plots. Changes in the east-west and north-south planting directions did not promote changes in climate variables, nor did they change the thermal comfort indices during summer. There were differences, however, in temperature and relative humidity of the air, black globe temperature, and radiant heat load during winter. Silvopastoral systems provide improvements in the environment and, concomitantly, to the thermal comfort of animals, when compared to unshaded systems. However, thermal stress situations occur despite the presence of trees, depending on the time of the day and the distance from the rows of eucalyptus trees.
Fiber-reinforced concrete for the flat bottom of silos
Authors: Constantino Rodrigo A. , Lopes Neto José P. , Nóbrega Marcilene V. da , Nascimento José W. B. do , Silva Jefferson H. G. da
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT The use of synthetic fibers as reinforcement for concrete replacing the steel reinforcement has been diffused worldwide in several applications, gaining prominence in the application for industrial floors, tunnel linings, road pavements, etc., i.e., continuous structures in contact with soil that require performance in the elastic medium. The present study investigated the applicability of concrete reinforced with synthetic fibers in the bottom slab of silos supported directly on the ground, being composed of an experimental study and a case study. The experimental study consisted of the analysis of the mechanical behavior of this concrete by testing three concentrations of synthetic fibers (3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 kg m-3) in a conventional simple concrete matrix. The case study consisted of the design of this part in conventional reinforced concrete and concrete reinforced with synthetic fibers with the objective of performing an economic comparison between the two projects. The experimental results showed that the fiber concentration that contributed to a better mechanical performance of the concrete matrix was 3.0 kg m-3. The case study showed that the most economical design was the one made with fiber-reinforced concrete.
DIÁLOGO E ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM NA FORMAÇÃO TÉCNICA EM SAÚDE
Authors: Vieira Silvana Lima , Silva Gilberto Tadeu Reis da , Silva Rosana Maria de Oliveira , Amestoy Simone Coelho
Published: March 2020

Resumo O objetivo foi analisar o diálogo no agir-aprendente do educando e no agir-educativo das educadoras no movimento ensino-aprendizagem em um curso técnico de nível médio em enfermagem promovido pela Escola de Formação Técnica em Saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde, para comunidade em contexto de vulnerabilidade social. Estudo qualitativo, do tipo estudo de caso, ancorado no referencial de Paulo Freire. Participaram doze educandos e cinco educadoras, com os dados coletados entre dezembro de 2014 e setembro de 2015 por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, observações registradas em diário de campo e análise documental. O diálogo no uso de metodologias inovadoras e problematizadoras proporcionou a construção e estreitamento de vínculos, contextualização do conteúdo teórico com base no território e na leitura de mundo dos educandos em busca de uma relação dialógica. O potencial formativo embasado no pensamento freireano orientou a reflexão e prática fundamentada no diálogo que contribuiu para o processo educativo emancipatório e plural. Concluímos que o diálogo proporcionou uma relação de proximidade entre educadores e educandos, revelando-se como ideia/força, favorecendo a dinâmica sensível e crítica que permeou e constituiu o movimento ensino-aprendizagem para educandos em contexto de vulnerabilidade social.
AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ABOUT NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Monteiro Manuela Albernaz , Santos Andressa Assumpção Abreu dos , Gomes Lidiane Martins Mendes , Rito Rosane Valéria Viana Fonseca
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and analyze the scientific evidence of nutritional interventions performed in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Data sources: A systematic review was conducted in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase, LILACS, Google Scholar, PubMed, PsycINFO and Periódicos CAPES databases, using a search strategy to identify studies published between January 2003 and March 2018, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Were included studies that described nutritional interventions in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and assessed autistic behavior and/or gastrointestinal symptoms. We excluded other review articles and studies that did not include a control group in the research design. The studies were reviewed for descriptive information, and the quality of evidence was assessed through the GRADE system. Data synthesis: 18 studies were included in the review, being 16 randomized clinical trials, 1 case-control study and 1 open-label trial. As a result, the implementation of a gluten-free and casein-free diet was the most used intervention among the studies. Of the total, 10 studies showed a positive association of intervention with the evaluated results, while 8 did not find of a significant association. Conclusions: Although some authors report progress in the symptoms associated with autism in individuals with Autistic Spectrum Disorder undergoing nutritional interventions, there is little scientific evidence to support the use of nutritional supplements or dietary therapies in children and adolescents with autism.
PREVALENCE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND ASSOCIATION WITH METABOLIC RISK FACTORS AND FOOD CONSUMPTION IN ADOLESCENTS - RECIFE/BRAZIL
Authors: Andrade Maria Izabel Siqueira de , Oliveira Juliana Souza , Leal Vanessa Sá , Lima Niedja Maria da Silva , Bezerra Phelipe Bibiano , Santiago Emerson Rogério Costa , Lira Pedro Israel Cabral de
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of insulin resistance in adolescents and its associations with metabolic factors and food intake. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with a stratified, complex, school-based sample. The subjects were adolescents (n=1,081) who participated in the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents in the city of Recife (Pernambuco, Brazil). We analyzed demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary variables. Insulin resistance was defined as HOMA-IR>75th percentile. A Poisson multivariate regression model with robust variance adjustment was used, and variables with p≤0.05 in the final model were considered statistically associated with insulin resistance. Results: Median age was 14 years (interquartile range: 13-16 years), and 25.3% of the sample showed insulin resistance. The variables associated with insulin resistance in the final model were age, body mass index-for-age (BMI/A), biochemical markers (triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and saturated fat intake, with insulin resistance being more prevalent in individuals whose consumption of this type of fat was below the median of the sample distribution. Conclusions: Insulin resistance was prevalent in the adolescents analyzed and was significantly associated with metabolic variables and saturated fat intake.
CHARCTERIZATION OF FEEDING OF CHILDREN UNDER 24 MONTHS IN UNITS CARED BY THE FAMILY HEALTH STRATEGY
Authors: Souza Joelânia Pires de Oliveira , Ferreira Camila Silva , Lamounier Danielle Mendonça Buiatti , Pereira Leandro Alves , Rinaldi Ana Elisa Madalena
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the median age of introduction and regular food intake by young children in units of the Family Health Strategy. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 283 young children chosen by uniform stratified cluster sampling. Socio-demographic data on the mother and the child’s food intake were collected (age of food introduction and weekly frequency). Foods were grouped into in natura/minimally processed (G1); culinary ingredients (G2); processed (G3) and ultra-processed (G4). The survival analysis was applied to define the median age of food introduction and the chi-square test was used to compare the frequency of food intake, according to the age range (0-5.9; 6-11.9; and 12-23.9 months old). Results: The median duration of exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding were three and 19 months, respectively. The age of median food introduction of G1 was six months, except for eggs, milk and coffee (12 months). For oil and salt (G2), the median was 6 months, and for sugar (G2), seven months. The median age of introduction of most food of G4 was 12 months; for infant formulas, it was seven months; cookies and baby food, eight months. Most food had not yet been introduced for children under six months old. For children from six to 11.9 months old, the regular consumption of G4 (≥5 days/week) was higher for cookies (23.8%), bread (21.2%), infant formulas (21.2%) and baby food (35%); and for children from 12 to 23.9 months old, it was higher for cookies (31.2%), bread (57.5%) and baby food (48.7%). Conclusions: Food introduced and consumed on a regular basis was mainly in natura, at all ages. Processed and ultra-processed food presented a higher frequency of consumption after 12 months old.
TRI-PONDERAL MASS INDEX IS USEFUL FOR SCREENING CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE
Authors: Neves Felipe Silva , Alvim Rafael de Oliveira , Zaniqueli Divanei , Pani Virgilia Oliveira , Martins Caroline Resende , Peçanha Marcos Alves de Souza , Barbosa Míriam Carmo Rodrigues , Faria Eliane Rodrigues de , Mill José Geraldo
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate whether tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index Z scores are equivalent for screening children and adolescents with insulin resistance. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 296 children and adolescents enrolled at public schools of Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, aged eight to 14 years. The tri-ponderal mass index was calculated as the ratio between weight and height cubed. The body mass index was calculated as the ratio between weight and height squared. Insulin resistance was defined with the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR). Results: The HOMA-IR was higher in the 4th quartile of body mass index Z scores and tri-ponderal mass index compared to 1st and 2nd quartiles for both girls and boys. The areas under the age-adjusted receiver operating characteristic curves were similar between the indices for girls (body mass index Z scores=0.756; tri-ponderal mass index=0.763) and boys (body mass index Z scores=0.831; tri-ponderal mass index=0.843). In addition, according to the simple linear regression analyses estimations, both body mass index Z scores and tri-ponderal mass index explained a significant fraction of the homeostatic model assessment variability for girls (body mass index Z scores: R2=0.269; tri-ponderal mass index: R2=0.289; p<0.001) and boys (body mass index Z scores: R2=0.175; tri-ponderal mass index: R2=0.210; p<0.001). Conclusions: The tri-ponderal mass index and body mass index Z scores were similar to discriminate children and adolescents with insulin resistance. It is noteworthy that the use of tri-ponderal mass index is clearly advantageous, because it can be calculated with no concerns on adjustments for the age, a fact that makes it very applicable in the clinical practice.
As práticas corporais e a educação do corpo indígena: a contribuição do esporte nos jogos dos povos indígenas
Authors: Almeida Arthur José Medeiros de , Almeida Dulce Maria Filgueira de , Grando Beleni Salete
Published: March 2020

No presente estudo procurou-se analisar a relação entre o esporte e a educação do corpo indígena no contexto dos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas. O objetivo foi o de entender o significado do evento em relação ao sentido de educação do corpo indígena. Para tanto, realizou-se uma investigação com base nos pressupostos metodológicos das Ciências Sociais, combinando-se consulta a documentos com a o trabalho de campo, que ocorreu durante a IX edição dos Jogos dos Povos Indígenas. Nesse ínterim, a reflexão e a interpretação mostraram que o evento adquire conotação de espetáculo e que práticas corporais tradicionais assumem características do esporte de alto rendimento, podendo contribuir para o surgimento de outro habitus e modificar a relação dos indígenas com o uso de seu corpo.
A criação dos clubs nas praças públicas da cidade de Porto Alegre (1920-1940)
Authors: Cunha Maria Luisa Oliveira da , Mazo Janice Zarpellon
Published: March 2020

A propagação das práticas esportivas nas praças públicas de Porto Alegre na década de 1920 e as melhorias instauradas nesses espaços visando a promover a sociabilidade e o lazer favoreceram a criação dos clubs das praças. O objetivo do estudo é identificar como ocorreu a emergência dos clubs nas praças públicas da cidade de Porto Alegre. Os procedimentos metodológicos de análise documental de fontes impressas revelaram que os clubs formados nas praças construíram representações similares às associações esportivas. A organização de equipes, a elaboração de estatutos, a adoção de flâmulas e a participação em competições esportivas são exemplos de representações e práticas culturais estabelecidas pelos clubs nas praças.