bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clarification attempt of the mechanism of late recurrence by micro- and macro-analyses in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Kitano Sae , Tsunashima Ryo , Kato Chikage , Watanabe Akira , Sota Yoshiaki , Matsumoto Saya , Morita Midori , Sakaguchi Koichi , Naoi Yasuto
Published: October 2023

Purpose
The mechanism of late recurrence (LR) of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer remains unclear. As prediction models for LR of ER-positive breast cancer, 42-gene classifier (42GC), which analyzes “micro-factors (gene expression patterns)” and the Clinical Treatment Score post-5 years (CTS5), which analyzes “macro-factors (clinicopathological factors)”, were developed; however, improving the accuracy of these models is desirable. We aimed to clarify the mechanism and develop a new prediction model by combining 42GC and CTS5.
Methods
We selected 2,454 patients with ER-positive breast cancer from public microarray databases. We performed recurrence prognostic analysis using 42GC and CTS5.
Results
In “the basic research” for recurrent patients (n = 347), the 42GC LR and CTS5 low-risk groups tended to have LR. In “the clinical research” for recurrence-free patients 5 years after surgery (n = 671), the 42GC LR and CTS5 high-risk group had a significantly higher LR rate after 5 years (16.9%) than the 42GC non-LR and CTS5 low-risk group (5.41%) (p = 0.037).
Conclusion
In “the basic research,” we found that both micro-and macro-factors were associated with the mechanisms of early recurrence and LR. Meanwhile, in “the clinical research,” we found that the mechanistic tendency toward LR (the CTS5 low-risk group) differed from the high rate of LR (the CTS5 high-risk group). Therefore, differentiating between the biological mechanisms elucidated in “the basic research” and the decision-making process concerning extended hormonal therapy in “the clinical research” is necessary. These findings propose the development of a novel prediction model for LR.
Proteus vulgaris strain Ld01-originated mandelonitrile defends Leptinotarsa decemlineata larvae and adults against predation
Authors: Li Guo-Qing , Kang Wei-Nan , Zhang Xiao-Qing , Jin Lin , Fu Kai-Yun , Guo Wen-Chao
Published: October 2023

Leptinotarsa decemlineata larvae and adults have evolved to apply aposematic signals to display their toxicity to natural enemies. Nevertheless, the chemical components of the volatile repellant remain to be identified. Here we show that the larvae and adults actively release hypertoxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from the degradation of nitriles, in contrast to the pupae. A bacterial symbiont Proteus vulgaris Ld01 is responsible for the production of a cyanoglucoside, amygdalin. The bacterium mainly lives in beetle guts and proliferates rapidly during ecdysis. Removal of larval bacteria significantly reduces HCN emission in the larvae and adults. Re-infection with the symbiont in or addition of mandelonitrile to the bacteria-deprived beetles restores the emission. Deprivation of bacteria decreases the defense of the larvae and adults against chick predation, which can be mitigated by re-colonization of P. vulgaris Ld01 or introduction of mandelonitrile. Together, these findings highlight the roles of intestinal P. vulgaris Ld01 in the production of an aromatic cyanoglucoside amygdalin in its host L. decemlineata. Degradation of amygdalin liberates an aposematic compound mandelonitrile to the hemolymph. Mandelonitrile and its metabolites are accumulated near the cuticle, where they are converted to HCN to defend the beetles against predation.
Gut microbiota and male fertility: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Kang YiFan , Wang ZhiHong
Published: October 2023

Background
Previous studies have reported that alterations in gut microbiota composition are associated with male fertility. However, it is unclear and difficult to establish whether these associations reflect a causal relationship.
Objective
To reveal the causal association between gut microbiota and male fertility, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Materials and Methods
We assessed genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for gut microbiota and male fertility to perform MR analysis. Independent single nucleotide polymorphisms closely associated with 211 gut bacterial taxa (N = 122110) were identified as instrumental variables. The summary statistic data for male infertility (N = 733,479), abnormal spermatoz (N = 209,921) and erectile dysfunction (N = 223,805) were obtained from the latest release from the FinnGen consortium as the outcome of interest. Two-sample MR was performed to evaluate the causal effect of gut microbiota on male fertility, including inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, weighted median method, MR-Egger, mode-based estimation and MR-PRESSO. A series of sensitivity analyses was performed to validate the robustness of the results. The robustness of the estimation was tested by a series of sensitivity analyses including Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept analysis, leave-one-out analysis and funnel plot were used to assess the causal association.
Results
Combining the results from the discovery and replication stages, we identified three causal bacterial genus. Ruminiclostridm6 (OR = 0.537, 95%CI = 0.292-0.987, P = 0.045, PFDR = 0.234) was found to be closely associated with male infertility, and the decrease in its quantity increased the risk of male infertility. Decreased Prevotella9 (OR = 0.670, 95%CI = 0.452-0.992, P = 0.046, PFDR = 0.175) was found to be closely related to abnormal sperm. Lachnospiraceae NC2004 group (OR = 1.173, 95%CI = 1.008-1.366, P = 0.078, PFDR = 0.530) was found to be closely related to male erectile dysfunction, and there was a positive correlation between them. No heterogeneity and pleiotropy were detected.
Conclusion
This study implied a causal relationship between the Ruminiclostridm6 genus, Prevotella9 genus, Lachnospiraceae NC2004 group genus and male fertility, thus providing novel insights into the gut microbiota-mediated development mechanism of ADs. Nevertheless, future studies are warranted to dissect the underlying mechanisms of specific bacterial taxa’s role in the pathophysiology of male fertility.
Effects of urban forms on the Thermal-Acoustic-Air comfort in high-density neighborhoods: A case study of Shuangjing subdistrict, Beijing
Authors: Zhou Dawei , Wu Bomeng
Published: October 2023

Improving environmental comfort can help promote residents’ health and well-being in urban areas. This article takes Shuangjing subdistrict in Beijing as an example to explore the complicated effects of urban forms on the thermal-acoustic-air comfort in high-density neighborhoods aiming to provide urban regeneration strategy supports for improving the environmental comfort of residents. The results show that the eastern region exhibits better thermal-air comfort, while the southwest region demonstrates greater acoustic-air comfort. The central region experiences the poorest acoustic-thermal comfort but boasts the highest air comfort. In addition, all three types of environmental comfort are influenced by sky view factor (SVF), spatial enclosure, research unit area, and building height, with distinct underlying mechanisms. The research findings demonstrate that regarding urban forms air comfort and acoustic comfort share similar requirements while thermal comfort and acoustic comfort exhibit opposing demands. Urban designers need to carefully balance the spatial requirements for these three comfort types. Zoning management and design strategies emerge as feasible approaches.
Identification of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Spontaneous Fermented Cassava Food Product
Authors: Wahyuni S. , Dewi Novi Dian Puspita , Pato U. , Susilowati P. E. , Khaeruni Andi , Fatahu Fatahu
Published: October 2023

Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) such as Lactobaccilus is very important in digestive system health. One source of lactic Acid Bacteria is from cassava fermented foods. this research aimed to identify the genetic diversity of amylase-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented cassava. Fermentation was conducted by immersion of cassava in seawater for 6 hours and incubated for 3 days. analysis of morphology shows that the bacterial colonies has shape of bacilli and cocci cells, which are Gram-positive type. PCR analysis reveals that the bacterial DNA sequences Cladogram follows a Klad sister group Lactobacillus plantarum strain CQ2017ZC MH727586.1 with a bootstrap value of 77, Pediococcus pentosaceus strain 1931 MT597748.1 and P. Pediococcus pentosaceus strain 5583 MT510326.1, with a bootstrap value of 100. The analysis of genetic diversity showed that lactic acid bacteria from cassava fermentation had genetic similarities with lactic acid bacteria from milk. The results of chemical analysis showed that the isolation of lactic acid bacteria (UM 48.1, UM 48.2 and UM 24.2) has amylase activity of enzyme 446 mU/mL, 499 mU/mL and 1053 mU/mL respectively. These two Pediococcus pentosaceus have application potential in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food, and healthcare sectors. Furthermore, this study may provide an alternative to making milk-based health food and new fermented products using Lactic Acid Bacteria from cassava fermentation.
Endogenous cell membrane interactome mapping for GLP-1 receptor via ligand-based proximity labeling
Authors: Shui Wenqing , Dang Ting , Yu Jie , Cao Zhihe , Zhang Bingjie , Li Shanshan , Xin Ye , Yang Lingyun , Lou Ronghui , Zhuang Min
Published: October 2023

GLP-1 receptor, one of the most successful targets for therapeutic drug development against type 2 diabetes and obesity, is known to engage multiple intracellular proteins to initiate different signaling pathways. However, due to technical challenges, it remains much less explored how the receptor interaction with proteins on the cell membrane mediates its signaling activity and physiological effects. Here, we present a ligand-based proximity labeling approach to be integrated with quantitative proteomics so as to interrogate the native cell membrane interactome for the GLP-1 receptor upon agonist simulation. With this approach, our study identified a number of unreported cell membrane interactors for the endogenous receptor in both a pancreatic β cell line and a neuronal cell line, which revealed interaction landscapes distinct from those previously mapped in less physiological cellular systems. We further demonstrate this strategy can be exploited to uncover new regulators of GLP-1 receptor-mediated signaling and insulinotropic response in β cells. Additionally, we obtain a time-resolved cell membrane interactome map for the receptor in β cells. Therefore, our study provides a new approach that is generalizable to map endogenous cell membrane interactomes for GPCRs so as to decipher the molecular basis of their cell-type-specific functional regulation.
Reservoir-computing based associative memory for complex dynamical attractors
Authors: Lai Ying-Cheng , Kong Ling-Wei , Brewer Gene
Published: October 2023

Traditional neural-network models of associative memories were for storing and retrieving static patterns. We develop reservoir-computing based memories for complex dynamical attractors, under two common recalling scenarios in neuropsychology: location-addressable with an index channel and context-addressable without such a channel. We demonstrate that, for location-addressable retrieval, a single reservoir computing machine can memorize a large number of periodic and chaotic attractors, each retrievable with a specific index value. We articulate control strategies to achieve successful switching among the attractors. An algebraic scaling law between the number of stored attractors and the reservoir-network size is uncovered. For context-addressable retrieval, we exploit multistability with cue signals, where the stored attractors coexist in the high-dimensional phase space of the reservoir network. As the length of the cue signal increases through a critical value, a high success rate can be achieved. The work provides foundational insights into developing long-term memories for complex dynamical patterns.
Stress and Resilience Education in the Top 50 U.S. Medical Schools
Authors: Roos Lydia G. , Lee Jang H. , Thyne Shannon M. , Bhushan Devika , Slavich George M.
Published: October 2023

Substantial research points to psychosocial stressors as being very common, key drivers of lifelong health disparities. Given this evidence base, it should follow that medical schools provide focused education around stress and adversity, resilience (including resilience-promoting interventions), health equity, and integrative frameworks for understanding health and treating disease. To determine whether this is occurring, we systematically evaluated course descriptions for 50 of the top primary care-focused medical school programs in the United States, as judged by U.S. News and World Report. We calculated the percent of courses addressing each topic, evaluated whether the courses were elective or required, and re-ranked the programs based on their coverage of the above-described topics. Of 227 identified, 89.4% addressed equity, but only 7.0% discussed an integrative framework for understanding health and only 6.6% discussed stress, adversity, or resilience. No programs specifically mentioned life stress, toxic stress, or social stratification. Moreover, only 4.0% of courses were both required and devoted specifically to these topics. Current medical school curricula are thus leaving our future physician workforce ill-equipped to understand and treat stress-related disease. Expanding education on these topics will be important for addressing health inequities.
A new fabrication method for enhancing the yield of linear micromirror arrays assisted by temporary anchors
Authors: Yu Yiting , Xiao Xingchen , Mao Ting , Shi Yingchao , Zhou Kui , Hao Jia
Published: October 2023

As one of the most common spatial light modulators, the linear micromirror array (MMA) based on the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) process is utilized in many fields nowadays. However, two crucial challenges exist to fabricate such devices: adhesion of silicon microstructures caused by anodic bonding and destruction of the suspended silicon film due to residual stress. To solve these issues, an innovative processing method assisted by temporary anchors is proposed. It effectively reduces the span of silicon microstructures and improves the Euler buckling limit of the silicon film. Importantly, these temporary anchors are strategically placed within the primary etching areas, requiring no additional processing steps for easy removal. As a result, we successfully achieve wafer-level, high-yield manufacturing of linear MMAs with filling factor as high as of 95.1%. Compared to the original MMA, this enhanced version now boasts a total of 60 linear micromirror elements, each featuring a length-to-width ratio of 52.6, and the entire optical aperture measures 5 mm × 6 mm. The linear MMA exhibits optical deflection angle of 20.4° at 110 Vdc while maintaining exceptional deflection flatness and uniformity. This study offers a viable approach for design and fabrication of thin-film MEMS devices with high yields, and the proposed MMA holds promise as a replacement of the digital micromirror device (DMD, by TI Corp.) in such fields as spectral imaging and optical communication.
Emu Oil-modulated faecal microbiota transplantation restores distal colonic barrier function in a mouse model of Crohn’s-like colitis
Authors: Wanner Kiara Elise , Mitchell Chloe Jade , Mhlanga Sisanda Nomcebo , Howarth Gordon Stanley , Chartier Lauren Claire , Mashtoub Suzanne
Published: October 2023

Purpose
Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) demonstrated improved intestinal barrier function and clinical indicators in Crohn’s disease. Previously, Emu Oil (EO) demonstrated anti-inflammatory and reparative properties in experimentally-induced Crohn’s-like colitis. We aimed to determine whether EO-modulated FMT would reduce disease severity in a mouse model of Crohn’s-like colitis.
Methods
Female ARC(s) mice were allocated to FMT donor (n = 5/group) and recipient (n = 10/group) groups. Donor mice were orally-administered either Water (80µl), Olive Oil (OO; 160µl) or EO (160µl) for 7 days, followed by 3 days of faecal collection. Recipient mice received a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) enema (120µl, 3mg; day 0), inducing Crohn’s-like colitis and intrarectally-administered donor faecal supernatant (120µl; day 3). Bodyweight and disease activity were recorded daily and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran was orally-administered (500mg/kg) before euthanasia (day 6). Colonic mucin-secreting goblet cell counts and crypt depth measurements were determined histologically. p < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results
TNBS induced bodyweight loss and increased disease activity in all groups (p < 0.05). Bodyweights normalised for all groups on day 6, however, only EO FMT normalised disease activity on day 6 compared with day 0. EO FMT significantly increased colonic mucin cell counts compared with Water FMT (27.5%; p < 0.05) and OO FMT (33.3%; p < 0.05) in TNBS-treated mice. EO nor OO FMT influenced FITC-dextran uptake or colonic crypt depth compared with Water FMT (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
EO-modulated FMT increased colonic mucin cell counts, suggesting a potential role in the management of Crohn’s disease. Future studies would benefit from investigating the impact of EO-modulated FMT on other clinical indicators of disease and gastrointestinal microbiome.
Tracking health threat from gaseous organic mixture in industry
Authors: Wang Di , Zhang Xinmin , Zhao Wenjuan , Zhang Weiqi , Nie Lei , Shao Xia
Published: October 2023

Industrial production emits a multitude of pollutants, among which volatile organic compounds (VOCs) almost exists in every industry. Serving as central factor in atmospheric chemistry, VOCs has been strictly controlled worldwide. However, a gap between VOCs regulation and health effect has increased owing to the complexity of characterizing deleterious species and understanding their hazards. We learned the exposure profiles of occupational workers in 24 VOCs-related industries, identified the aggregate risk of individual species, and assessed the cumulative risk for affected organs /tissues. Results showed that toxic species in exposed VOCs mixture significantly increased the burden on respiratory, reproductive, hepatic, urinary, immune, and developmental system. We further developed an accompanying understanding of how ongoing control measures reduced health threats and proposed long and short-term strategy to improve health. The results highlight the importance of considering health and atmospheric chemistry equally in determining VOCs limits, and thus harmonize environment and human simultaneously.
Impact of cerebral complications in acute infective endocarditis: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Sugiyama Kayo , Watanuki Hirotaka , Tochii Masato , Kai Takayuki , Koiwa Daisuke , Matsuyama Katsuhiko
Published: October 2023

BACKGROUND
The treatment of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) who have cerebral complications remains less understood. Therefore, this study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with acute IE based on preoperative intracranial findings.
METHODS
Of 32 patients with acute IE treated at our hospital between August 2015 and March 2022, 31 patients of whom preoperative intracranial imaging evaluation was available were included in our analysis and compared with those with and without intracranial findings. The preoperative background, intraoperative findings, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) data, and postoperative courses were reviewed.
RESULTS
Among the 31 patients, 20 (65%) had preoperative imaging findings. The group with intracranial findings was significantly older, with more embolisms in other organs and positive intraoperative pathology findings. Patients with intracranial findings had significantly longer CPB times. A new cerebral hemorrhage developed postoperatively in one patient without intracranial findings. There were no early deaths; two patients had recurrent infections in each group, and one died as a result of sepsis in the late phase in the group with intracranial findings.
CONCLUSIONS
Positive intracranial findings indicated significantly active infectious conditions preoperatively but did not affect the postoperative course. Patients without cerebral complications can develop serious cerebral hemorrhage. Although meticulous examination of cerebral complications in all patients with IE is essential, a strategy should be adopted to prevent cerebral hemorrhage, even in patients without lesions.
The Immokalee Health Project: Examining health-related knowledge level and health-specific self- efficacy among Haitians in Immokalee, Florida
Authors: Kahar Payal , Negroni Lirio K , Farris Cindy , Dzioba Christina
Published: October 2023

Objective
To examine health-related knowledge levels and health-specific self-efficacy among Haitians in Immokalee, Florida.
Methods
Eight community-based health events consisting of an hour-long interactive health education sessions were conducted during 2022-23. Pre- and post-knowledge levels based on 20 questions (adapted from Florida Literacy Coalition) on staying healthy, chronic diseases, health communication between physician and patient, and health emergency preparedness were assessed via face-to-face interviews or self-administered surveys. Self-efficacy for nutrition and physical activity (PA) using 5-item scales was evaluated at baseline and six months.
Results
A total of 156 Haitians participated at baseline, while only 56 could be reached in six-month follow-ups. Correct responses on pre-tests averaged 42%, there was a statistically significant increase in knowledge levels (8.5 ± 3.4) after the health education (10.2 ± 3.4; p < .001). Post-knowledge levels were significantly higher for those with higher educational levels (p .034). Nutrition self-efficacy scores at six months were higher for those who had higher educational levels, the difference being significant (p .037). Nutrition self-efficacy scores were lower at baseline and six-month follow-up for the retired (p .001 and .035 respectively). Those with lower BMI had higher mean self-efficacy scores at baseline than those with higher BMI (p .042). Physical activity self-efficacy scores at baseline were significantly lower for the retired than other employment categories (p .003) and higher for those who self-reported to be diabetic (p .048).
Conclusion
Low health-related knowledge levels before education and the substantial increase in knowledge after educational intervention indicate the need for more educational programs. There were no significant improvements in health-related knowledge levels or health-specific self-efficacy scores at six months. Sustained health education and promotion initiatives to improve knowledge and health-specific self-efficacy through hands-on activities are recommended.
A Novel Carbon Stocking Estimation Through Continuous Catalog Learning
Authors: Haor Dror , Liven Hagit , Barshai Mira , Sela Eitan , Smith Gordon R. , Preisler Yakir
Published: October 2023

The role of forests as a significant mitigator of anthropogenic \coo emissions is integral to the global efforts to combat climate change. Precise monitoring of carbon sequestration is a high priority for governments and organizations striving to achieve a zero atmospheric carbon balance.The combination of remote sensing and machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool for estimating above-ground biomass (AGB) in diverse ecosystems.However, accurately measuring the carbon sequestrated by forests at various scales and forest types is still a technological and practical challenge carrying the risk of carbon overestimation, which may lead to wrong decision-making, flawed climate change mitigation actions, financial losses, and more.In this study, we propose a novel method to address this need using a catalog-based carbon stocking approach integrated within a continuous learning mechanism.Our method estimates forest carbon stocking based on high-resolution aerial LiDAR and multispectral imagery, offering valuable insights beyond the limitations of satellite-based imagery. Through the combination of unsupervised learning and a ground-based calibration procedure, we successfully delineated 10 distinct forest types within a vast area of mixed forest spanning 55,000 hectares.The calibrated carbon stocking estimation demonstrated superior accuracy compared to satellite-based analysis, as evidenced by rigorous cross-validation using an unprecedented dataset of 802 ground-surveyed plots.Employing a continual learning mechanism, the system can estimate carbon stocking on a 25x25m grid, enabling generalization across multiple forest types and scales of aggregation within a unified framework.This work serves as a starting point for further research to enhance the accuracy of carbon stocking monitoring and contribute to the momentum of carbon sequestration efforts.In addition to the scientific significance of this paper, we have made a notable contribution by providing access to a comprehensive dataset. This dataset encompasses high-density LiDAR point cloud data and multispectral imagery data, covering more than 13,000 acres and including samples from 1,725 individual trees.To our knowledge, this represents the most extensive combined aerial-ground dataset published in this field to date. Our objective in sharing this dataset is to facilitate ongoing research and set a benchmark for advancements in the domain of carbon stocking estimation.
Growth Differentiation Factor-15 as a Negative Predictor for Microvascular Obstruction in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Wu Xiang , Bai Jian , Tan Ying , Wei Zhonghai , Dai Qing , Kang Lina , Wang Lian , Chen Jianzhou , Yang Yining , Wang Kun , Wu Han
Published: October 2023

Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine with cardioprotective effects, but circulating GDF-15 concentration predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes in clinical settings. Microvascular obstruction (MVO) formation contributed to poor prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). We aimed to investigate GDF-15 concentration in relation to the development of MVO in STEMI patients after pPCI, which might help better understand the role of GDF-15 in STEMI. GDF-15 levels at six hours after pPCI and MVO extent at day 5 ± 2 after pPCI were measured in 74 STEMI patients (mean age 60.3 ± 12.8 years, 86.5% men). The adjusted association of GDF-15 with MVO was analyzed with MVO treated as a categorized variable (extensive MVO, defined as MVO extent ≥ 2.6% of left ventricular (LV)) and a continuous variable (MVO mass, % of LV), respectively, in multivariate logistic and linear regression models. 41.9% of the patients developed extensive MVO after pPCI. In multivariate analysis, the odds ratio (95% confidential interval (CI)) of each standard deviation (SD) increase in GDF-15 for developing extensive MVO was 0.46 (0.21, 0.82), p = 0.02). Consistently, when MVO was used a continuous variable, each SD increase in GDF-15 was associated with a substantially lower MVO mass (β -0.42, standard error 0.19, p = 0.03). GDF-15 was a negative predictor for MVO in STEMI patients after pPCI. The observation was consistent with results from experiment studies, suggesting a potential protective effect of GDF-15 against cardiac injury.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Impact of Nomophobia Among Health Care Professional Students in Chennai and Kanchipuram
Authors: Saranya K. , Sahana.S  , Kanna D.E. Nirman
Published: October 2023

Background
Nomophobia is defined as a state of socio-psychological illness, refers to a fear of lack of access to mobile phone, which is thought to be a modern age disorder that causes negative health risks and harmful psychological effects.
Objective
To assess the impact of nomophobia among health care professional students and to determine if nomophobia can increase the likelihood of problematic dependent, prohibited and dangerous mobile phone use, human error during clinical practice, and also to educate and create awareness and Knowledge about nomophobia among Heath Care Professional Students.
Methodology:
A cross sectional study conducted in Chennai and Kanchipuram, from March 15th 2023 to August 15th 2023. Permission was obtained from IEC; a well-organized questionnaire was executed with 20 items using the Google Forms. Pre- structured questions were pre-validated by Experts. Google form contains the details such as socio-demographic, impact analyzing questions. The Completed data was collected, entered in excel sheet and the results was analyzed with the proper statistical method.
Conclusion
Our study concludes that every healthcare professional student should be free from nomophobia, to serve a healthy society.
Black phosphorus quantum dots pretreated ADSCs promotes bone regeneration coupling of osteogenesis and osteoimmunomodulation
Authors: He Yi , Tang Yuquan , Zeng Binghui , Yuan Linyu , Lu Yunyang , Du Weidong , Li Runze , Yi Chen , Chen Xun , Pan Kuangwu , Yu Dongsheng , Zhao Wei
Published: October 2023

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are ideal candidates for regenerative therapy to promote the critical bone defects repair due to their good accessibility, multi-potency capacity and paracrine functions. However, the limited osteogenic differentiation ability and uncertain paracrine function seriously impedes the clinical application of ADSCs in bone regeneration engineering. Herein, we explore the cellular behaviors and osteogenic ability of ADSCs treated with black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs). Additionally, macrophage polarization, osteogenic effects and angiogenesis functions are explored through paracrine pathway regulated by BPQDs-pretreated ADSCs. BPQDs show good biocompatibility with ADSCs and BPQDs-pretreated ADSCs can improve osteogenesis process in vivo by promoting osteogenic differentiation and osteoimmunomodulation. In mechanism, BPQDs increase the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs, which can be regulated via the Wnt/β-catenin and BMP2/SMAD5/Runx2 signaling pathway. On the other hand, BPQDs-pretreated ADSCs promote the osteogenic effect of BMSCs and facilitate the polarization of macrophages from M1 towards M2 phenotype transformation in turn to accelerate the angiogenesis through paracrine pathway. This strategy provides a novel idea for the use of bone tissue engineering in the foreseeable future.
Factors Associated With Health Facility Delivery Among Women With Disabilities in Uganda
Authors: Johnstone Galande , Wandera Stephen Ojiambo
Published: October 2023

Introduction:Nearly half of all the women who die due to pregnancy-related causes are from sub-Saharan Africa. Women living with disabilities' concerns are incomparable because they are compounded by their inabilities and external barriers in accessing health facility delivery. The aim of this paper was to study factors associated with health facility delivery among women with disabilities in Uganda.Methods:A secondary analysis of data from a sample of 869 women with disabilities who reported having given birth of their last birth five years preceding the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey, 2016. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine the relationships between health facility delivery and the explanatory variables.Results:About two in three (67%) of the women with disabilities delivered their last child in a health facility. Women who attended four or more Antenatal Care (ANC) visits (OR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.4-2.5), mothers whose educational level is secondary or more (OR=4.5, 95% CI: 2.0-10.0) and mothers from the middle-income households (OR=1.6, 95% CI: 1.0-2.6) were most likely to deliver from a health facility. Similarly, mothers who regularly listened to the radio and owned a mobile phone (OR=1.7, 95% CI: 1.1-2.6) and mothers who resided in urban areas (OR= 2.2, 95% CI = 1.3–3.9) were likely to deliver from a health facilityConclusion:The factors which were significantly associated with health facility delivery among women with disabilities were ANC visits, education, households’ well-being (wealth quintile), exposure to media and place of residence. Regular and early commencement of ANC attendance should be emphasized. Economically empowering women with disabilities by increasing their level of income and also encouraging the girl child with disabilities to continue with education might increase in health facility delivery.
How Do the Orthographies Affect the Reading and Writing of English and Urdu at Grade 4: A Test-Based Study
Authors: Nusrat Muhammad , Nasreen Farah
Published: October 2023

This research paper delves into the challenges facing Urdu Language Processing (ULP), identifying the orthographic and morphological complexities of the language. The study also investigates the relationship between errors made in Urdu and English dictation among grade 4 students. The findings suggest a positive correlation between errors made in both languages, indicating that students may struggle to learn languages with different orthographies. The study emphasizes the need for tailored teaching methods and additional support for students learning multiple languages with complex orthographies. This research has significant implications for language teachers and educators, providing insights into the challenges facing students and suggesting strategies to improve language proficiency and academic performance. The paper's findings underscore the need for more research to develop effective teaching strategies and support students learning multiple languages.
Results and Limits of Time Division Multiplexing for the BICEP Array High Frequency Receivers
Authors: Fatigoni Sofia , Ade Peter A.R. , Zeeshan Ahmed , Amiri Mandana , Barkats Denis , Thakur Ritoban Basu , Bischoff Colin A. , Beck Dominic , Bock James J. , Buza Victor , Cheshire James R. , Connors Jake , Cornelison James , Crumrine Michael , Cukierman Ari Josef , Denison Edward , Dierickx Marion , Duband Lionel , Elben Miranda , Filippini Jeff P. , Fortes Antonio , Gao Min , Giannakopoulos Christos , Goeckner-Wald Neil , Goldfinger David C. , Grayson James A. , Grimes Paul , Hall Grantland , Halal George , Halpern Mark , Hand Emma , Harrison Sam A. , Henderson Shawn , Hildebrandt Sergi , Hilton Gene C. , Hubmayr Johannes , Hui Howard , Irwin Kent D. , Kang Jae Hwan , Karkare Kirit S. , Kefeli Sinan , Kovac John M. , Kuo Chao-Lin , Lau King , Lennox Amber , Liu Tongtian , Megerian Koko G. , Miller Oliver , Minutolo Lorenzo , Moncelsi Lorenzo , Nakato Yuka , Nguyen Hien T. , O'Brient Roger , Palladino Steven , Petroff Matthew A. , Polish Annie , Prouve Thomas , Pryke Clement , Racine Benjamin , Reintsema Carl D. , Romand Thibault , Salatino Maria , Schillaci Alessandro , Schmitt Benjamin , Singari Baibhav , Soliman Ahmed , Germaine Tyler St , Steiger Aaron , Steinbach Bryan , Sudiwala Rashmi , Thompson Keith L. , Tsai Calvin , Tucker Carole , Turner Anthony D. , Umiltà Caterina , Verges Clara , Wandui Albert , Weber Alexis C. , Wiebe Don , Willmert Justin , Wu Wai Ling K. , Yang Hung-I , Young Edward , Yu Cyndia , Zeng Lingzhen , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Silvia
Published: October 2023

Time-Division Multiplexing is the readout architecture of choice for many groundand space experiments, as it is a very mature technology with proven outstandinglow-frequency noise stability, which represents a central challenge in multiplex-ing. Once fully populated, each of the two BICEP Array high frequency receivers,observing at 150GHz and 220/270GHz, will have 7776 TES detectors tiled on thefocal plane. The constraints set by these two receivers required a redesign of thewarm readout electronics. The new version of the standard Multi Channel Elec-tronics, developed and built at the University of British Columbia, is presentedhere for the first time. BICEP Array operates Time Division Multiplexing readouttechnology to the limits of its capabilities in terms of multiplexing rate, noise andcrosstalk, and applies them in rigorously demanding scientific application requir-ing extreme noise performance and systematic error control. Future experimentslike CMB-S4 plan to use TES bolometers with Time Division/SQUID-basedreadout for an even larger number of detectors.
Water–energy–food Nexus based on a new perspective of regional sustainable development
Authors: Zhu Mocheng
Published: October 2023

By constructing a regional water–energy–food interaction model, from the perspectives of supply and demand, this study has revealed both the coupling and synergistic effects of the three major elements of water–energy–food at the regional level and the interaction between internal and external resources in the region, and explored the sustainable development of the region under the association of the three major elements of water–energy–food. In this paper, the energy supply and demand measurement model and the optimal regional total cost measurement model were used to optimize the regional total cost measurement. This paper briefly introduces the concepts, application scope, and limitations of scenario analysis. Because the future development of society is very uncertain, it is a very useful tool for predicting and calculating the future scenario and sustainable development of the region. Agricultural water accounted for 55% of the total water resources, and industrial water accounted for 18%. This paper took the main grain-producing areas as an example and enriched the existing research on the water–energy–food relationship to a certain extent by analyzing the current situation and influencing factors of the synergistic development of water–energy–food systems, offering reference to the subsequent related research.
A representação feminina no ensino das Ciências Ambientais
Authors: Santana Otacilio Antunes
Published: October 2023

A análise da Pós-Graduação pelo U-Multirank Gender Monitor pode explicitar desequilíbrios entre os gêneros nos cenários acadêmicos e coorporativos, de modo que o desequilíbrio numérico – quantitativo – pode resultar em uma não equidade de gênero – qualitativo. A área de avaliação das Ciências Ambientais tem como premissa a representação dos gêneros em seus espaços – representação descritiva e formal –, e em suas produções e desdobramentos – representação substantiva e simbólica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a tendência de equilíbrio numérico entre os gêneros por meio da ferramenta U-MultiRank Gender Monitor e seu desdobramento – produtividade, pegada ecológica e índice de gênero –, avaliando a área de concentração Ensino das Ciências Ambientais do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Rede Nacional para Ensino das Ciências Ambientais associada da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Os resultados demonstraram que o Programa possui uma representatividade feminina dentro dos padrões exigidos no U-MultiRank Gender Monitor e sua produção é coerente com esta representatividade. Os destaques foram que a produção sistematizada pelas discentes resultaram em impactos socioambientais – redução de pegadas ecológicas – e que estas discentes, pelo conhecimento construído e pela práxis socioambiental, reduziram em seus espaços os cenários de discriminação e restrição em relação ao gênero. Assim, o índice de gênero melhorou – reduziu – nas quatro dimensões avaliadas: discriminação na família, integridade física restrita, acesso restrito a recursos produtivos financeiros, e liberdades civis restritas. Isso certificou que o Programa em Rede da UFPE conseguiu cumprir as metas do Objetivo 5 de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Agenda 2030 e das metas de Governança Socioambiental e Corporativa.
Marine Fungi: A Prosperous Source of Novel Bioactive Natural Products
Authors: Ji Rong , Zha Xiangru , Zhou Songlin
Published: October 2023

As the number of viruses, bacteria, and tumors that are resistant to drugs continues
to rise, there is a growing need for novel lead compounds to treat them. Marine
fungi, due to their unique secondary metabolic pathways and vast biodiversity, have become
a crucial source for lead compounds in drug development. This review utilizes bibliometric
methods to analyze the research status of natural products from marine fungi
in the past decade, revealing the hotspots and trends in this field from Web of Science
database. Furthermore, this review summarizes the biological activities and effects on
molecular mechanisms of novel natural compounds isolated from marine fungi in the
past five years. These novel compounds belong to six different structural classes, such
as alkaloids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, polyketones, etc. They also exhibited highly potent
biological properties, including antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, antiinflammatory,
and other properties. This review demonstrates the hotspots and trends of marine fungi
research in recent years, as well as the variety of chemical structure and biological activities
of their natural products, and it may provide guidance for those interested in discovering
new drugs from marine fungi and specific targeting mechanisms.
Gaps in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in
Mexico
Authors: Laniado-Laborín Rafael , Castro-Mazon Gerardo , Salcido-Gastélum Jorge , Saavedra-Herrera Nallely , Magaña-Ocaña Julio , Luna-López Fátima Leticia
Published: October 2023

Objective:

The study aimed to determine the critical gaps in the care of drug-resistant
tuberculosis to implement strategies for its elimination.

Material and Methods:

Cases with various resistance profiles that were presented to the National
Advisory Group for Drug Resistance during the years 2019-2022 have been described.

Results and Discussion:

104 cases were included in this study. 41% of the patients had diabetes
(41%) as a comorbidity. There have been observed delays in the reporting of rapid molecular
tests; with the Xpert MTB/RIF, delays of 6.33 days have been reported. There have also been observed
delays in the request for phenotypic drug susceptibility tests; from the time of initial diagnosis,
patients have been found to receive their first drug susceptibility test, on average, after 20
months. The bacteriological follow-up during the treatment with monthly culture has been found
to only be carried out in 8% of the cases. In the contact investigation, only 16% of the listed contacts
had been studied for infection or active disease.

Conclusion:

The elimination of these gaps requires the decentralization of susceptibility tests for
fluoroquinolones, shortening the times between the diagnosis of drug resistance and the start of
treatment, a close clinical and bacteriological follow-up, and an exhaustive investigation of contacts.
Application Example: A Pneumatic Driven Hydrogen Compressor with Increased Efficiency
Authors: Rufer Alfred
Published: October 2023

In this chapter, an application example is studied where the energetic
efficiency of a pneumatically driven device is of importance. The chosen example
consists of an air-driven gas booster used as a Hydrogen compressor in a refuel station
for H2
driven cars. The needed force for the driving of the compression cylinders is
calculated, and a new pneumatic motor based on the principle of adding expansion
work is proposed. The new motor is designed for sufficient effort for moving the
mobile equipment under the maximum compression force.
The air consumption of the new system is calculated, and finally, the air savings in
comparison to a classical air-driven booster. The simulation is completed with a
dynamic part showing the dynamic performance in terms of velocity and time to reach
the final position of the pistons.
Analytical Methods in the Characterization of Green Nanomaterials
Authors: Morteza Naghib Seyed , Garshasbi Hamid Reza
Published: October 2023

A new class of diagnostic and therapeutic tools for various diseases has been
made possible by advancements in polymeric nanoparticles as innovative
nanomedicines. Although there are many benchtop studies in the nanoworld, their
application to already marketed goods is still in its infancy. Problems with
nanomedicine characterization cause this lack of transference, among other things.
Three nanoscale characterization approaches may be distinguished: physicochemical
property characterization, biological interactions of nanomaterials, and analytical
characterization and purification procedures. Physical qualities may be assessed using a
variety of methods in many situations. Choosing the best appropriate method is made
more difficult by many advantages and disadvantages of each methodology; frequently,
a combinatorial characterization approach is required. Scientists from many domains
must find answers to the difficulties in reliable characterization of the nanomaterials
after their fabrication and various systematic stages.
Microplastic Contamination in Waters and Sediments in the Selorejo Reservoir, Malang Regency, East Java
Authors: Prahardika Bayu Agung , Akbar Iqbal Fatkhul , Muzammil Muhammad Imam
Published: October 2023

Microplastics are small plastic particles under 5 mm in size that have contaminated a lot of ecosystems, both aquatic and on land. The existence of heaps of garbage and the existence of fishing activities around residential areas are some examples of anthropogenic activities that are on the edge and water bodies of the Selorejo Reservoir. This study aims to observe the contamination of various types of microplastics and their abundance in water and sediment samples taken from the Selorejo Reservoir. Sampling was carried out using the selected method (purposive sampling) at five different stations, including the Konto River inlet, Kwayangan River inlet, settlements (blendrang), tourism areas, and reservoir outlets. Each station has 3 transects (as replicates) and about 100 liters of water and 1000 grams of sediment are taken. Destruction of water and sediments uses 30% H2O2 and 30% H2SO4 acid to remove organic components that are still attached and to facilitate observation under a stereo microscope with 400X magnification. Based on the results of an analysis of the abundance of microplastics in the waters of each station, the highest abundance of microplastics was successively found in the Konto river inlet with a total abundance value of 39.27x101 particles/liter, then in the residential part (blendrang) a number of 35.34x101 particles/liter, tourist areas 33.67x101 particles/liter, outlet 30.36x101 particles/liter and Kwayangan river inlet 29.67x101 particles/liter. Meanwhile, the highest total abundance of microplastics found in sediments in the Selorejo Reservoir was found successively in the Konto river inlet with a total abundance value of 3.68 particles/gram, then in the tourist area 2.08 particles/gram, in the Kwayangan river inlet 1.56 particles/gram, in the residential part (blendrang) a number of 1.2 particles/gram and outlets 1.12 particles/gram. Each type of microplastic is then counted based on the amount found. The results of the identification of microplastic contamination in waters and sediments in the Selorejo Reservoir found several types of microplastics, namely fibers, fragments, filaments, and films. The dominating type and color of microplastic is black fiber.
Adelina Caravana, Eurico Thomaz de Lima e o Conservatório Regional de Música de Braga: da fundação da Escola na década de sessenta à jubilação do pianista-compositor em 1978
Authors: Simões Miguel
Published: October 2023

O texto apresenta em síntese a história da criação do Conservatório Regional de Música de Braga e traça o perfil da sua fundadora, a pedagoga Maria Adelina Caravana. O músico Eurico Tomás de Lima, professor no conservatório nos anos de 1972 a 1978, é também objeto de estudo, evidenciando-se a sua tripla ação enquanto pedagogo, pianista e compositor. Fundamentado em fontes históricas conservadas no espólio à guarda da Universidade do Minho, o estudo permitiu conferir a intervenção substancial e multifacetada do artista-pedagogo nos campos da cultura e ensino musical em Braga.