bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of Russian foreign policy towards the Baltic States at the present Stage
Authors: Boykov S. S.
Published: November 2020

The article gives an analysis of Russia’s foreign policy in relation to the Baltic States from 1990 to 2019. The author identifies four main stages of its evolution. It is concluded that the main problems of the Russian-Baltic dialogue are discrimination of the Russian-speaking minority, issues of historical memory, a decrease of the Russian transit and security. The relations between Russia and the Baltic states has become conflict almost after dissolution of the USSR. However, in 1990-2000-ies, Russia still tried to formulate a positive agenda for the relations with the Baltics. The main motive of its strategy was to build trust and political relations on the basis of economic cooperation and civil society. Since 1990-s Russia has been developing cross-border cooperation programs. Since late 2000-s Russia has been also developing cross-border programs with the EU. However, Russia’s hopes were not justified. Its relations with Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania have worsened since 2014 after the Ukrainian conflict. Prospects for their improvement are still unclear. The author comes to the conclusion that Russia is “tired” from the Baltic States. Despite the fact that Russia has been systematically transforming its foreign policy after the dissolution of the USSR, it has not fully achieved its goals. There is still discrimination of the Russian minority. Russia and the Baltics have not come to a single interpretation of the Second World War history. Political contradictions prevail over economic ties. Despite the growing estrangement between Russia and the Baltic States, Russia keeps developing them concentrating on trans-border and civil society cooperation. Such relations are non-political and they are focused on solving specific problems.
To the question on consequences of staging political reality on the Internet
Authors: Borovinskaya Veronika Sergeevna
Published: November 2020

The subject of this research is the sociopolitical consequences of staging reality on the Internet. The object of this research is the coverage of the international political agenda by modern online media. Methodological frameworks for this study is comprised of polyparadigmatic approach that allows juxtaposing macro-and micro- approaches towards examination of reality staging and its consequences. The term “staging of reality” reflects the process of creating a certain image, situation, or genuine semantic link by analogy with the hyperbolized fictional reality “presented” on stage. Despite the fact that this phenomenon exist for a long time, transformation of the character of communication processes, as a result of advancement of information technologies, led to acquisition of enormous influence by online media upon the political processes in society, as well as creation of worldview by a modern person. The article describes the consequences and risks caused by staging political reality on the Internet on several levels. Analysis is conducted on correlation of this phenomenon with the formation of political identity, institutionalization, political communication, and staging political risks of local and global scale. The conclusion is made that negative effect from staging political reality exceeds the boundaries of just the news field, and manifests as a problem that requires comprehensive and cross-disciplinary approach. Attention is given to such consequence of staging political reality as the reconstruction of staged risks in mass media, as it plays one of the determinant roles in the process of devaluation of democratic principles. Along with creation of the distorted worldview due to escalation of uncertainty, loss of confidence in political sources, political anomia and, altered understanding of the freedom of speech and criteria for appropriate information, the staging of risks sidetracks an individual from the ideals of lawful society.
Pengembangan modul hipno-Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) untuk mengatasi stage fright Mahasiswa
Authors: Rapikah Rapikah , Casmini Casmini
Published: November 2020

Stage fright sebagai sebuah masalah yang sering kali dialami oleh mahasiswa baru dapat menghambat mahasiswa dalam menjalankan tugas lapangan pada proses perkuliahan dan dalam proses menyampaikan materi di dalam kelas. Dalam peneitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian R&D, peneliti mengembangkan sebuah panduan terapi yang menggabungkan teknik hipnosis dan Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) yang diujicobakan kepada Mahasiswa baru UIN Sunan Kalijaga. Hasil uji coba dari modul panduan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa satge fright dapat diminimalisir dengan hypnosis dan NLP yang dalam penelitian ini berfungsi sebagai media untuk memasukkan nilai baru kepada klien dengan menggunakan pengembangan model Hipno-NLP untuk membuat bentuk anchor baru yang bertujuan mengatasi stage fright.Â Abstract: Stage fright as a problem that is oftentimes be experienced by new college students is obstructive in obeying assignment of study, either field assignment or presenting assignment in class. This research used Research and Development method and developed a therapeutic guide which combines hypnosis and Neuro Linguistic ProgrammingÂ (NLP) techniques and were tested on new students of UIN Sunan Kalijaga. The trial results of the guide module indicate that there is a significant effect on the subjects within both of these tools serve as a medium for entering new values to clients by using the development of the Hipno-NLP model to create new anchor that aim to overcome the stage fright
Konseling Kelompok Singkat Berorientasi Solusi menggunakan media boneka untuk mengurangi agresivitas Siswa
Authors: Sari Syska Purnama , Indasari Miftha , Surtiyoni Endang
Published: November 2020

Aksi kekerasan merupakan bentuk dari agresivitas harus segera diselesaikan. Salah satu alternatif untuk menyelesaikan masalah agresivitas adalah menggunakan boneka dalam konseling kelompok singkat berorientasi solusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keeefektifan pendekatan konseling singkat berorientasi solusi dengan menggunakan media boneka untuk mengatasi masalah agresivitas siswa. Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen, model penelitian adalah pretest posttest one grup desain. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas III Sekolah Dasar di Dusun Meritai. Setelah melakukan analisis data, hasil yang diperoleh adalah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kondisi agresivitas siswa sebelum dan setelah diberikan perlakuan dengan konseling kelompok singkat berorientasi solusi yang menggunakan media boneka. Sehingga penggunaan boneka dalam konseling singkat berorientasi solusi dapat digunakan oleh guru BK sebagai alternatif untuk mereduksi perilaku agresif.Â Abstract: Violence which is part of aggressiveness and must be resolved. An alternative to resolving aggressiveness is to use dolls in solution focused brief group counseling. The purpose of this research is to observeÂ the effectiveness of solution focused brief counseling using puppet media to reduce aggressiveness. This type of research is quantitative with the experimental method and the model is pretest posttest one group design. The research subjects were third grade elementary school students in Meritai village. The results of the study, it was a significant difference between the aggressiveness before and after being given solution focused brief group counseling using puppet media. So the conclusion is that the use of dolls in solution focused brief counseling can be used by counseling teachers as an alternative to reduce aggressiveness
Pengembangan media animasi Flash untuk meningkatkan critical thinking skill Remaja melawan hoaks
Authors: Amalia Ulfa , Fitria Erlin , Handayani Irma
Published: November 2020

Peredaran berbagai informasi di dunia maya sangat beragam. Remaja yang cenderung aktif di media sosial memiliki resiko besar untuk terpapar hoaks. Kemudahan dalam mengakses dan menyebarkan informasi dengan bebas tanpa meninjau kebenarannya menjadi persoalan yang berpotensi untuk menimbulkan kesalahpahaman dan konflik. Karena itu, perlu upaya preventif dan interventif yang dapat dilakukan dengan memberikan pendekatan melalui edukasi dengan menggunakan media interaktif dalam lingkup layanan informasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media animasi flash dalam upaya meningkatkan critical thinking remaja melawan informasi hoaks. Metode penelitian dengan menggunakan R n D (research and development) mulai dari tahap perencanaan, desain, validasi ahli media dan ahli materi. Uji coba produk juga dilakukan pada kelompok terbatas untuk mendapatkan penilaian dari pengguna. Berdasarkan validasi ahli materi mendapatkan nilai 82,95% artinya sangat layak sedangkan menurut ahli media produk animasi dinilai sebesar 85,71% artinya juga sangat layak. Pada kelompok pengguna, produk mendapatkan nilai 84,40% dengan menggunakan standar penggunaan usability. Sesuai dengan hasil validasi dan penilaian maka hasil penelitian berupa animasi sebagai multimedia interaktif dianggap sangat layak untuk dapat digunakan dalam memberikan stimulasi positif bagi remaja dalam layanan informasi sebagai langkah membangun dan meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir kritis.Abstract: The circulation of various information in cyber space is very diverse. The ease of accessing and disseminating information freely without reviewing the truth is an issue that has the potential to cause misunderstanding and conflict. Therefore, preventive and interventive efforts are needed to carry out by providing an educational approach using interactive media within the scope of information services. This study aims to produce flash animation media as an effort to improve adolescent critical thinking to fight hoax. The research method used in this study is Reseach and development starting from the planning, design, expert validation, media and material validation. Product testing is also carried out in limited groups to get ratings from users. Based on the validation of material experts, the figure is 82.96% meaning that it is very feasible. In addition, according to media experts, the figure of animation products is 85.71% which means that it is also very feasible. In the user group, the product figure is 84.40% by using the usability standard. Related to the validation results and assessment, it is implied that animation as interactive multimedia is considered very feasible to be used in providing positive stimulation for adolescents in information services as a step to build and improve critical thinking skill
Teacher professional quality: Counselling services with technology in Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Supriyanto Agus , Hartini Sri , Irdasari Wahyu Nila , Miftahul Aulia , Oktapiana Siska , Mumpuni Sesya Dias
Published: November 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic is affecting academic processes around the world and the emergence of problems in students. School counsellors have a significant role in helping problems and developing student potential through counselling services with digital technology media. This study focuses on discovering various technologies that were applied and used by school counsellors in the process of counselling services during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used a case study method, and a qualitative descriptive method with totally subject 20 teacher professional education alumni worked as school counsellors in various islands in Indonesia. The research instrument used an open questionnaire with distribution through google form media and descriptive qualitative data analysis. The results of the study found that asynchronous media and technology-based synchronous media were the leading alternatives for online counselling services during the Covid-19 epidemic. The use of asynchronous media with WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram or social media, as well as synchronous media with Zoom, Webex, Google Meeting, or Hangout, can help solve problems and develop student potential. Recommendations for school counsellors to immediately adapt to the era of disruption and technology in counselling services. The following advice for the government is the administration of teacher and student welfare.
Pengaruh Permainan radisional Gobak Sodor Terhadap Sikap Sosial Siswa Kelas III SDN 01 Manguharjo Kota Madiun
Authors: Listyaningrum Dwi
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan permainan tradisional gobak sodor terhadap sikap sosial siswa kelas III SDN 01 Manguharjo Kota Madiun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian posttest only control design. Populasi penelitiannya siswa kelas III berjumlah 52 orang, kelas III A sebanyak 26 siswa yang diberi perlakuan dengan bermain permainan tradisional gobak sodor, sedangkan kelas III B sebanyak 26 siswa dengan tidak diberi perlakuan permainan tradisional gobak sodor atau sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan kuesioner (angket) dan teknik analisisnya menggunakan analisis regresi linier satu predikator yang bersifat untuk memprediksi angket yang digunakan signifikan terhadap sikap sosial siswa. Hasil analisis data dan mengujian hipotesis menunjukan Uji-T diperoleh t_(hitung )=2,87 dengan taraf signifikan 0,05 dan dk = 24 diperoleh t_tabel=1,711. Karena t_(hitung )> t_tabel=2,87>1,711, maka H_0  ditolak H_1 diterima, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sikap sosial siswa dengan memanfaatkan permainan tradisional gobak sodor lebih baik dari pada sikap sosial siswa yang tidak memanfaatkan permainan tradisional.
Approximation of a function describing a quality criterion of the thermo-mechanical fusible interfacing process
Authors: Andonova Snezhina , Baeva Silvia
Published: November 2020

The present work aims to investigate the function describing the relationship between a quality criterion and input factors of the thermo-mechanical fusible /TMF/ interfacing process and to derive its effective approximation. An approximation by interpolation was applied for the purpose of the study.
A numerical realization of a linear and exponential approximation of the mathematical model describing the TMF interfacing process was performed. An effective linear approximation of the function connecting the quality criterion with the input factors of the TMF interfacing process was found. This creates conditions for replacing the relatively complex function (describing the TMF interfacing process) with its linear approximation. The linear approximation gives the possibility easier and faster to determine the relationships between the input factors and the quality criterion. This created conditions for ignoring the subjective factor and for optimizing and automating the studied technological process.
Inherited type of chromosomal microstructural rearrangements
Authors: Лязина Л.В. , Уварова А.С. , Смирнова М.В. , Пендина А.А. , Малышева О.В.
Published: November 2020

Представлены семейные случаи микроструктурных перестроек с вариабельной клинической картиной: синдром микродупликации Xq28 (MECP2) с классическим фенотипом у девочки вследствие несбалансированной транслокации Х-хромосомы и хромосомы 4, унаследованной от матери, имеющей сбалансированный кариотип, и синдром делеции 22q11 (Ди Джорджи) с разной клинической картиной у сестер, у отца которых наблюдался редкий вариант сбалансированной структурной перестройки с маркерной хромосомой.

We present cases of chromosomal microstructural rearrangements in families with variable phenotypes: microduplication syndrome Xq28 (MECP2) in a girl with typical dismorphic features as a result of an unbalanced translocation between X-chromosome and chromosome 4 inherited from the mother who had a balanced aberration, and DiGeorgy syndrome with variable features in sisters that was inherited from the father carrying a rare balanced structural rearrangement with a marker chromosome.
Genetic reproductive risk in pericentric inversion carriers
Authors: Шилова Н.В. , Тарлычева А.А. , Маркова Ж.Г. , Миньженкова М.Е. , Лепешинская А.О. , Магомедова Х.Д.
Published: November 2020

Перицентрические инверсии (ПИ) - это сбалансированные структурные хромосомные перестройки, частота которых в популяции варьирует от 0,12% до 0,7% [1]. Особенностью синапсиса и рекомбинации ПИ в мейозе является формирование инверсионной петли, единичный кроссинговер в которой может приводить к образованию рекомбинантных хромосом c дупликацией/делецией дистального по отношению к инверсии сегмента короткого плеча и делецией/дупликацией дистального сегмента длинного плеча соответственно. Клиническая значимость ПИ определяется риском формирования у носителя гамет (зигот) с хромосомным дисбалансом (ХД), приводящим к раннему спонтанному прерыванию беременности, мертворождению или рождению детей с пороками и/или аномалиями развития. Проведена оценка эмпирической частоты формирования сперматозоидов с рекомбинантными хромосомами, а также риска формирования гамет и выживаемости потенциальных зигот с ХД у четырех мужчин-носителей ПИ.

Pericentric inversion are intrachromosomal balanced structural abnormalities. The frequency in the general population is ranged from about 0.12% to 0.7% [1]. To provide complete synapsis and recombination during meiosis pairing of the normal and inverted chromosomes requires the formation of inversion loop. One crossover within the inversion loop leads to the production of two complementary recombinant chromosomes with both duplicated and deleted chromosome segments including the regions distal to the inversion. The particular clinical relevance of inversion chromosomes is that they can set the stage for the generation of recombinant gametes that may lead to early miscarriages, stillbirth or congenital abnormalities. The estimation of empiric frequencies of recombinant spermatozoa, risk of abnormal gamete formation and potential zygote viability in four pericentric inversion carriers was performed.
Opportunities of genetic diagnostics of reproduction disorders in a married couple
Authors: Курило Л.Ф. , Сорокина Т.М. , Штаут М.И. , Андреева М.В. , Хаят С.Ш. , Брагина Е.Е. , Добродеева Л.Т. , Черных В.Б.
Published: November 2020

Приведена информация о необходимости использования современных генетических методов диагностики у пациентов с нарушением репродукции.

There is high relevance of medical genetics examination and genetic counseling in patients with reproductive pathology.
The frequency of aneuploidy in sperm in men with impaired fertility
Authors: Тарлычева А.А. , Маркова Ж.Г. , Сорокина Т.М. , Черных В.Б. , Шилова Н.В.
Published: November 2020

Хромосомные аномалии (ХА), в том числе, анеуплоидии, являются одной из причин спонтанного прерывания беременности, бесплодия, рождения детей с нарушениями и пороками развития. Одним из способов оценки вероятности возникновения анеуплоидных зигот является анализ родительских гамет, однако информации об уровне анеуплоидии в таких клетках недостаточно. Был проведена оценка частоты анеуплоидии, совместимой с жизнеспособностью зигот, в ядрах сперматозоидов 82 фенотипически нормальных бесплодных мужчин с нормальным и нарушенным сперматогенезом.

Chromosomal abnormalities (CA), including aneuploidy, are one of the causes of spontaneous abortion, infertility, developmental disorders and malformations. One way to evaluate probability of aneuploid zygotes occurrence is the analysis of parental gametes, however, information about the level of aneuploidy in such cells is insufficient. There was evaluated the frequency of aneuploidy compatible with the viability of the zygote in sperm nuclei of 82 phenotypically normal infertile men with normal and impaired spermatogenesis.
Comparison of the CFTR gene variants and genotypes in Russian patients with various forms of pathozoospermia and CBAVD syndrome
Authors: Марнат Е.Г. , Адян Т.А. , Степанова А.А. , Бескоровайная Т.С. , Поляков А.В. , Черных В.Б.
Published: November 2020

Приводятся данные исследования вариантов гена CFTR у российских мужчин с различными формами патозооспермии и пациентов с синдромом CBAVD, сравнение спектра генотипов в этих группах.

The article presents data the CFTR gene variants in Russian men with various forms of pathozoospermia and patients with CBAVD syndrome, and a comparison of the spectrum of genotypes in these groups.
Peritoneal Dialysis in the elderly
Authors: White William , Brown Edwina
Published: November 2020

AbstractPeritoneal dialysis (PD) can provide an improved quality of life to older patients requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) compared to in-centre haemodialysis (HD). Frailty in the elderly poses challenges to PD, which may be met by assisted PD, and integration with geriatric and palliative services. The focus of PD care in the elderly should be on meeting patients’ goals, controlling symptoms, maintaining fluid balance and maintaining residual renal function
Birth, Rise, Decline and Revival of Home Hemodialysis – French experience
Authors: Meyrier Alain
Published: November 2020

The first publication in 1960 on maintenance hemodialysis was followed in 1963 by some reports on dialysis in the home. The introduction of proportioning pumps and concentrated electrolyte solutions led to developing single-patient machines and safety devices that made home hemodialysis possible.  It was demonstrated in 1964 that home hemodialysis can be done overnight, unattended. This led to a steady rise in the number of patients treated at home. The percentage in France was ≈20% by the end of the seventies, out of a total of  ≈ 6 000.  The decline began when Public Health authorities authorized a program of ‘’limited – care’’ units.  A loophole in the regulations led to a massive transfer of patients to these units and a rapid decline of home HD. The revival can be dated to 2012 with the development of disposable dialysate bags that make low flow daily home HD feasible. Efficacy and tolerability are such that the total number of patients treated at home rose from 307 in 2014 to 374 in 2016, owing to those on daily hemodialysis -  an increase from 55 in 2014 to 374 in 2016 and 448 by the end of 2018. Currently, ≈46 000 patients are hemodialyzed in France.   The % of those treated at home is very low but the trend is to a steady increase.
New peritoneal dialysates, for which benefits ?
Authors: Vrtovsnik François
Published: November 2020

The ideal peritoneal dialysis solution should allow efficient withdrawal of waste products of the metabolism and water and solutes equilibrium with minimal side effects for the patient and the peritoneal membrane. Glucose degradation products (GDP) resulting from the manufacturing process play a major toxic role and new biocompatible PD solutions with low GDP content and a more physiological bicarbonate or bicarbonate/lactate buffer have brought a clear benefit in experimental studies; however, in clinical cohorts and meta-analysis, the benefits of these solutions appear limited to better preservation of residual renal function and of diuresis. Glucose is the principal osmotic agent although hypertonic glucose solutions have a deleterious effect on PD, and their use should be restrained. Dialysate concentrations of sodium, calcium and magnesium are close to plasma; their diffusive transport is thus limited and their net peritoneal transport mainly depends on the ultrafiltration volume. A dialysate calcium concentration above 1.25 mmol/l generates a calcium load which may contribute to the high prevalence of adynamic bone disease in PD patients; this should be avoided. Low sodium dialysis solutions experimentally improve sodium diffusive transport and extraction in PD patients; the clinical benefit of this approach has to be confirmed.
Revue de presse des jeunes néphrologues : 4e trimestre 2018 de la Dialyse à Domicile
Authors: Bataille Stanislas , Carceles Odette , Gosselin Morgane , Lanot Antoise , Lavainne Frederic , Morinière Beaume Julie , Nodimar Céline , Seret Guillaume , Vrigneaud Laurence
Published: November 2020

Un groupe de néphrologues issus du Club des jeunes Néphrologues sélectionne chaque mois à tour de rôle un article de la littérature internationale en rapport avec la dialyse à domicile, Dialyse Péritonéale ou Hémodialyse à Domicile, et en propose un résumé en Français et son analyse. Ces résumés sont librement téléchargeables sur le site du RDPLF à l’adresse : https://www.rdplf.org/biblio.html. A partir de décembre 2018 ceux sélectionnés au cours du trimestre par ces néphrologues sont publiés sous leur nom dans la présente rubrique du Bulletin de la Dialyse à Domicile.

Cette revue est mise à disposition selon les termes de la Licence Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International.
Sodium removal in peritoneal dialysis: is there room for a new parameter in dialysis adequacy?
Authors: Lima Anna , Tavares Joana , Pestana Nicole , Carvalho Maria João , Cabrita António , Rodrigues Anabela
Published: November 2020

In peritoneal dialysis (PD) (as well as in hemodialysis) small solute clearance measured as Kt/v urea has long been used as a surrogate of dialysis adequacy. A better urea clearance was initially thought to increase survival in dialysis patients (as shown in the CANUSA trial)(1), but  reanalysis of the data showed a superior contribution of residual renal function as a predictor of patient survival. Two randomized controlled trials (RCT)(2, 3)  supported this observation, demonstrating no survival benefit in patients with higher achieved Kt/v. Then guidelines were revised and a minimum Kt/v of 1,7/week was recommended but little emphasis was given to additional parameters of dialysis adequacy. As such, volume overload and sodium removal have gained major attention, since their optimization has been associated with decreased mortality in PD patients(4, 5). Inadequate sodium removal is associated with fluid overload which leads to ventricular hypertrophy and increased cardiovascular mortality(6). Individualized prescription is key for optimal sodium removal as there are differences between PD techniques (CAPD versus APD) and new strategies for sodium removal have emerged (low sodium solutions and adapted PD). In conclusion, future guidelines should address parameters associated with increased survival outcomes (sodium removal playing an important role) and abandon the current one fit all prescription model.
Hepatic iron load differs strikingly between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients
Authors: Rostoker Guy , Griuncelli Mireille , Ghali Nasredine , Beaudreuil Séverine , Cohen Yves , Issad Belkacem
Published: November 2020

Introduction

Iron overload is one of the most controversial topics in the management of anemic dialysis patients. Parenteral iron supplementation is commonly prescribed to hemodialysis (HD) patients but less frequently to peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Moreover, ferritin targets are far lower and more physiological in PD than in HD.

 Methods

We compared the liver iron concentration (LIC) measured by means of Signal-Intensity ratio (SIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to Rennes University method in a cohort of 32 PD patients living in the Paris region published in 2017, with two cohorts of French HD patients studied in the same way (119 patients reported in 2012 and 80 further patients reported in 2014).

Results

Normal hepatic iron load (LIC ≤ 50 µmol/g of dry weight) was observed in 81.3% of the 32 PD patients (CI: 64.3-91.5%), as compared to only 16% (CI: 10.4-23.7%) in the first HD cohort and 35% (CI: 25.4-45.9%) in the second HD cohort (p<0.0001 for both comparisons; X2 test). Mild iron overload (50 < LIC ≤ 100 µmol/g) was found in 5 PD patients and severe overload (LIC > 200 µmol/g) in only one PD patient (who had received IV iron) (3.1%; CI: 0-17.1%). Conversely, severe iron overload was found in 30.3% of patients in the first HD cohort (CI: 22.7-39%) and 11.3% of those in the second HD cohort (CI: 5.8-20.2%) (p= 0.0033 versus the first HD cohort, X2 test).

Conclusion

Contrary to hemodialysis patients, iron overload is rare and mostly mild in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Organ-Specific Treatment for COVID-19: Rationale, Evidence, and Potential Candidates
Authors: rahmanian mojdeh , mousavi seyedeh zahra , Sami Ashkan
Published: November 2020

Background and Purpose: COVID-19 has become the ongoing public health crisis of our time. Although it was first presented as a respiratory infection, extrapulmonary manifestations are increasingly reported. However, no effective therapeutic strategy for COVID-19 extrapulmonary involvement is currently available. The current study aims to analyze the pathogenesis of COVID-19 extrapulmonary complications to evaluate the rationale for proposing organ-specific treatment as a novel therapeutic strategy to manage these multisystemic complications.Experimental Approach: In this study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of SARS-CoV-2 infected extrapulmonary organs including human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs)-derived liver organoids, hPSCs-derived pancreatic endocrine cells, and human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived choroid plexus organoids were analyzed. First, pathway enrichment analysis is done based on the identified DEGs to compare the underlying biological pathways enriched upon SARS-CoV-2 infection in different organs to confirm the need for developing organ-specific treatment strategies. Then, these lists of DEGs are used in a connectivity map-based drug repurposing experiment to propose novel organ-specific therapeutic options.Key Results: The results reveal different biological pathways and networks responsible for SARS-CoV-2 multisystemic pathogenesis based on the organ involved that highlight the need for considering organ-specific treatments. Besides, some FDA-approved drugs are proposed as the potential therapeutic candidates for each infected cell line.Conclusion and Implications: Although COVID-19 extrapulmonary manifestations are increasing, management of these complications is still challenging. Traditional therapeutic strategies and already repurposed antiviral agents are not effective. In this situation, organ-specific treatment, or in other words personalized therapy might be a promising solution.
Chromium Reduction via a Semi-Conducting Hematite Electrode: Implications for Microbial Cycling of Metals in Natural Soils
Authors: Chen Michael , Mehta Neha , Kocar Benjamin D.
Published: November 2020

Semi-conducting Fe oxide minerals, such as hematite, are well known to influence the fate of contaminants and nutrients in many environmental settings and influence microbial growth under suboxic to anoxic conditions through a myriad of different processes. Recent studies of Fe oxide reduction by Fe(II) have demonstrated that reduction of Fe at one surface can result in the release of Fe(II) different one. Termed Fe(II) catalyzed recrystallization, this phenomena is attributed to conduction of additional electrons through the mineral structure from the point of contact to another which occurs because of the minerals’ semi-conductivity. While it is well understood that Fe(II) plays a central role in redox cycling of elements, the environmental implications of Fe(II) catalyzed recrystallization need to be further explored. Here, we provide evidence that the Fe mineral conductivity underpinning Fe(II) catalyzed recrystallization can couple the reduction of Cr, a priority metal contaminant, with an electron source that is cannot directly affect Cr. This is shown for both an abiotic electron source, a potentiostat, as well as the metal reducing bacteria Shewanella Putrefaciens. The implications of this work show that semiconductive minerals may be links in subsurface electrical networks that physically distribute redox chemistry and suggests novel methods for remediating Cr contamination in groundwater.
An All-Photonic Molecular Amplifier and Binary Flip-flop
Authors: MacDonald Thomas , Schmidt Timothy , Beves Jonathon
Published: November 2020

A chemical system is proposed that is capable of amplifying small optical inputs into large changes in internal composition, based on a feedback interaction between switchable fluorescence and visible-light photoswitching. This system would demonstrate bifurcating reaction kinetics under irradiation and reach one of two stable photostationary states depending on the initial composition of the system. This behavior would allow the system to act as a chemical realization of the flip-flop circuit, the fundamental element in sequential logic and binary memory storage. We use detailed numerical modeling to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed behavior based on known molecular phenomena, and comment on some of the conditions required to realize this system.
Advances in Automated Transition State Theory Calculations: Improvements on the AutoTST Framework
Authors: Harms Nathan , Underkoffler Carl , West Richard
Published: November 2020

Kinetic modeling of combustion chemistry has made substantial progress in recent years with the development of increasingly detailed models. However, many of the chemical kinetic parameters utilized in detailed models are estimated, often inaccurately. To help replace rate estimates with more accurate calculations, we have developed AutoTST, an automated Transition State Theory rate calculator. This work describes improvements to AutoTST, including: a systematic conformer search to find an ensemble of low energy conformers, vibrational analysis to validate transition state geometries, more accurate symmetry number calculations, and a hindered rotor treatment when deriving kinetics. These improvements resulted in location of transition state geometry for 93% of cases and generation of kinetic parameters for 74% of cases. Newly calculated parameters agree well with benchmark calculations and perform well when used to replace estimated parameters in a detailed kinetic model of methanol combustion.
Respuesta inicial por un grupo de docentes mexicanos al cierre escuelas por Covid-19.
Authors: Magallanes Ulloa Emmanuel , De Ávila González Josué
Published: November 2020

El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar el actuar de los docentes frente a la suspensión de clases presenciales debido a la contingencia sanitaria provocada por el COVID-19. Se distribuyó un cuestionario con el modelo de Bola de nieve. La encuesta se realizó en fechas previas al anuncio de las estrategias nacionales y las medidas que las instituciones educativas debían tomar. Lo anterior con la finalidad de analizar las acciones realizadas por los maestros para continuar con la actividad académica. Los resultados arrojaron que un número considerable de los docentes -en ese momento- no habían recibido capacitación para trabajar a distancia. Queda de manifiesto que las circunstancias personales de los profesores (espacios de trabajo, número de alumnos, entre otras) influyó en el hecho de trabajar en línea o no.
El paradigma del Estado impulsor en México ante la pandemia Covid-19 y la globalización
Authors: Orihuela Rosas Barbara Edith
Published: November 2020

Partiendo del fenómeno de la globalización y la gobernanza global y su injerencia directa en los aspectos económicos, políticos y sociales en México, sostenemos que el capitalismo por imitación es un rotundo fracaso, en el cual ha sido utilizado al sistema jurídico como una de las herramientas de esta forma de gobernanza global. La caída del capitalismo y el no funcionamiento neoliberal, se demuestra en la actual pandemia COVID-19 que azota a todo el mundo, generando cambios económicos, sociales, políticos e incluso culturales. En el centro de nuestra argumentación tenemos la tesis de un constitucionalismo impulsor, el cual establece que el estado mexicano debe necesariamente realizar cambios a los elementos que guían al constitucionalismo, lo que permitirá un avance sostenido y real de nuestro país tanto en campo económico, político y jurídico, desde una visión biosocial e impulsora, que permitan enfrentar cualquier pandemia que se presente.

El objetivo general de nuestra investigación es mostrar las bondades de la generación de un constitucionalismo impulsor como guía de cambio y de avance integral del estado mexicano, y a su vez mostrar que, el capitalismo y la gobernanza global son las dos líneas centrales de la decadencia y estancamiento de nuestro país.
Análisis de los efectos del COVID-19 en la economía mexicana
Authors: Chiatchoua Cesaire , Lozano Carmen , Macías-Durán Jesús
Published: November 2020

El impacto económico por la pandemia por coronavirus (COVID-19) ha empezado a sentirse en todo el mundo y México no es ajeno a este panorama desalentador. Es necesario proponer soluciones para mitigar los efectos de esta crisis. El gobierno mexicano ha implementado medidas como son el acopio de recursos para apoyar la infraestructura de salud, el trabajo conjunto con las fuerzas armadas y su infraestructura sanitaria, el incremento al presupuesto para fortalecer el blindaje de los programas sociales en 622,556 millones de pesos, el otorgamiento de 2,100,000 créditos a trabajadores y 3,000,000 de créditos a la población más necesitada y, a pesar de esto, la situación ha sido inestable. En este trabajo se estimaron algunos factores económicos al cierre del año 2020 mediante modelos ARIMA con la finalidad de generar propuestas que fortalezcan a la economía mexicana. Para el análisis se utilizaron datos de fuentes como el Banco mundial, INEGI y Banco de México. Los resultados muestran que el IPC disminuirá al continuar el año, el desempleo seguirá en aumento, la tasa de inflación se ubicará entre 3.0 y 3.5 al cierre del año 2020, las remesas continuarán aparentemente constantes y el ICM muestra tendencia positiva a corto plazo para situarse cercano al valor 40. Por lo tanto, es recomendable que el gobierno aumente el presupuesto, así como la anticipación y organización ante este tipo de catástrofes.
Inhibiting the reproduction of SARS-CoV-2 through perturbations in human lung cell metabolic network
Authors: Delattre Hadrien , Sasidharan Kalesh , Soyer Orkun S
Published: November 2020

Viruses rely on their host for reproduction. Here, we made use of genomic and structural information to create a biomass function capturing the amino and nucleic acid requirements of SARS-CoV-2. Incorporating this biomass function into a stoichiometric metabolic model of the human lung cell and applying metabolic flux balance analysis, we identified host-based metabolic perturbations inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 reproduction. Our results highlight reactions in the central metabolism, as well as amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis pathways. By incorporating host cellular maintenance into the model based on available protein expression data from human lung cells, we find that only few of these metabolic perturbations are able to selectively inhibit virus reproduction. Some of the catalysing enzymes of such reactions have demonstrated interactions with existing drugs, which can be used for experimental testing of the presented predictions using gene knockouts and RNA interference techniques. In summary, the developed computational approach offers a platform for rapid, experimentally testable generation of drug predictions against existing and emerging viruses based on their biomass requirements.
Facile synthesis of calcium oxide nanoparticles from the carica papaya leaf extract with the significantly enhanced antibacterial activity
Authors: B Dhivya , K Sujatha , A P Sudha
Published: November 2020

The conventional methods for the synthesis of metal oxides intake large amount of hazardous chemicals, the best promising alternative is the use of plant extracts. In this work, calcium oxide nanoparticles of 16 nm size with the cubic shape were synthesized using the papaya leaf extract by the simple greener route using calcium chloride as a source material by co-precipitation method. By using the XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and EDAX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis), the structural,surface morphology, functional group and the antibacterial activity of the synthesized calcium oxide nanoparticles were analyzed. The XRD pattern of the CaO nanoparticles was well matched with the standard value and the crystalline size obtained using the Scherer formula was 16 nm. The elemental composition of the prepared sample was confirmed by the EDAX result. The presence of the functional groups of the synthesized CaO nanoparticles was confirmed by the FTIR analysis (4000-400 cmˉ1). The cubic morphology was identified from the SEM image and the grain size ranges from 125-218 nm. The CaO nanoparticles were further evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and klebsiella pneumonia and from the result it was found that CaO nanoparticles was active against both gram positive and gram negativebacteria.Therefore, it may be an emerging platform for new medicines.
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of copper oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Hemalatha D  , Shanmugapriya B
Published: November 2020

Copper oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by Chemical Precipitation Method using Copper Chloride Dihydrate (CuCl2. 2H2O), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as a precipitating agent. The Synthesized Copper Oxide nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The Antibacterial activity of copper Oxide nanoparticles was tested against both gram positive and negative bacteria. In XRD, the crystal size and dislocation density of Copper Oxide nanoparticles were calculated, Element’s purity was determined by EDX spectra. The SEM image confirms the presence of homogeneous spherical distribution of copper oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles shows interactions between copper and oxygen atoms were supported by FTIR studies. Copper Oxide nanoparticles have exhibits good antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus, and Bacillus cereus.
Synthesis and characterization of nano sized cobalt oxide by precipitation method
Authors: Pavithra D  , Sujatha K  , Sudha A P
Published: November 2020

In the present work, cobalt oxide nanoparticles were prepared by using precipitation method. The cobalt nitrate [Co (No3)2] and ammonium oxalate [C2H8N2O4] were used as precursors for the synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles and the resultant product was Calcinated at 400˚C for 2 hrs. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX) to analyze the structural and morphological properties. The XRD pattern of the synthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles exhibits cubic structure with the average crystalline size of 8.06 nm. The functional groups of the synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed by using FTIR spectrum (400 to 4000 cm-1). In the synthesized sample and its purity were confirmed from EDAX spectrum. The surface morphology of the synthesized Co3O4 nanoparticles shows spherical morphology. The optical properties of the synthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles were investigated by photoluminescence spectrum which shows a minor emission at around 440 nm.
Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using the leaf extract of phyllanthus niruri
Authors: Gowrimanohar N  , Rosemary Michael
Published: November 2020

In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a start-of-the-art, with multifarious applications in a wide array of fields. Studies on green synthesis of nanoparticles moves forward these days. The present work involves the green method of synthesizing Iron oxide nanoparticles [Fe2O3] by Phyllanthus Niruri leaf extract and NaOH which acts as a precipitating agent. Furthermore, the green synthesized Iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized and its antibacterial activity was investigated. As this plant extract is more beneficial, it is energy efficient, low cost and environmentally friendly process than the biohazardous chemical synthesis. Iron oxide nano particles are gaining importance for their uses in environmental remediation technologies. The characterization of nano particles includes the IR, UV-Vis, and Size determination using SEM and XRD. The average crystalline size of the iron oxide nanoparticles was calculated by Debye’s Scherrer formula,d = 12.34nm. The analytical studies revealed that the synthesized Iron oxide nanoparticles almost have the identical size and morphology. Thus, the above studies concluded, the synthesized material was Iron oxide nanoparticles.
Synthesis and characterization of magnesium Oxide nanoparticles by sol-gel method
Authors: Jegadeeswari A  , Nivetha S
Published: November 2020

Magnesium oxide was hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase.Magnesium oxide had high thermal conductivity; it gets heated when the electricity was passed through it. Magnesia crucible had a stability of 2400°C in air, 1700°C in reducing atmosphere. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were obtained from the mixture of magnesium nitrate as precursor and sodium hydroxide as precipitating agent by sol-gel method. Finally,the resultant white crystalline powder of MgO was annealed at various temperatures of 80°C, 135°C and 180°C. The analytical studies (XRD, SEM FTIR, EDAX) reveals the morphological characterization of MgO nanoparticles. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) indicates the structures of MgO nanoparticles. The crystal size of MgO nanoparticles was obtained by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The optical properties of the sample were obtained by UV- Visible spectroscopy. Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy indicates powdered composition of the sample. EDAX indicates elementary composition of the MgO nanoparticles.
EDTA assisted synthesis of HA nanoparticles and Cobalt-HA nanocomposites
Authors: Sri Devi P  , Sahana L
Published: November 2020

Nano biomaterials such as polymers, ceramics and metals are widely used in bone for regenerative therapies, bone grafts and tissue engineering as well as for temporary or permanent implants to stabilize fractures and replace joints. Bioceramics are specifically developed to replace parts of living system due to its biocompatibility. Hydroxyapatite (HA)Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 used as a bone substitute material with stoichiometric composition i.e.,Ca/P(ratio) 1.67, which is similar to the mineral phase of the human bone. In this present work, (EDTA) ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid assisted as a capping agent for the synthesis of nano hydroxyapatite and cobalt substituted hydroxyapatite nanocomposites by sol gel method. The synthesized nano-HA powder and Co-HA nanocomposites are further characterized by using FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDAX and anti-bacterial activity. XRD analysis of HA Nanoparticles and Co-HA Nanocomposites, shows the strongest 2θ values at 32.1°,25.91°and at 32.1°, 10.1°, 16.6° respectively. SEM morphology predicts an elongated spherical morphology for HA Nanoparticles and Co-HA Nanocomposites. The elemental composition was confirmed with EDAX analysis and the FTIR spectrum indicates the functional groups of the synthesized compounds. The antibacterial activity was analyzed for both the gram-positive and the gram-negative bacteria’s.