bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new hybrid method combining search and direct based construction ideas to generate all 4 × 4 involutory maximum distance separable (MDS) matrices over binary field extensions
Authors: Tuncay Gökhan , Büyüksaraçoğlu Sakallı Fatma , Kurt Pehlivanoğlu Meltem , Yılmazgüç Gülsüm Gözde , Akleylek Sedat , Sakallı Muharrem Tolga
Published: September 2023

This article presents a new hybrid method (combining search based methods and direct construction methods) to generate all $4 \times 4$ involutory maximum distance separable (MDS) matrices over $\mathbf{F}_{2^m}$. The proposed method reduces the search space complexity at the level of $$\sqrt n $$, where n represents the number of all $4 \times 4$ invertible matrices over $\mathbf{F}_{2^m}$ to be searched for. Hence, this enables us to generate all $4 \times 4$ involutory MDS matrices over $\mathbf{F}_{2^3}$ and $\mathbf{F}_{2^4}$. After applying global optimization technique that supports higher Exclusive-OR (XOR) gates (e.g., XOR3, XOR4) to the generated matrices, to the best of our knowledge, we generate the lightest involutory/non-involutory MDS matrices known over $\mathbf{F}_{2^3}$, $\mathbf{F}_{2^4}$ and $\mathbf{F}_{2^8}$ in terms of XOR count. In this context, we present new $4 \times 4$ involutory MDS matrices over $\mathbf{F}_{2^3}$, $\mathbf{F}_{2^4}$ and $\mathbf{F}_{2^8}$, which can be implemented by 13 XOR operations with depth 5, 25 XOR operations with depth 5 and 42 XOR operations with depth 4, respectively. Finally, we denote a new property of Hadamard matrix, i.e., (involutory and MDS) Hadamard matrix form is, in fact, a representative matrix form that can be used to generate a small subset of all $2^k\times 2^k$ involutory MDS matrices, where k > 1. For k = 1, Hadamard matrix form can be used to generate all involutory MDS matrices.
Inclusion of up to 20% Black Soldier Fly larvae meal in broiler chicken diet has a minor effect on caecal microbiota
Authors: de Souza Vilela Jessica , Kheravii Sarbast K. , Sharma Bajagai Yadav , Kolakshyapati Manisha , Zimazile Sibanda Terence , Wu Shu-Biao , Andrew Nigel R. , Ruhnke Isabelle
Published: September 2023

Background

The Black Soldier Fly larvae (BSFL) are a source of nutrients and bioactive compounds in broiler diets. Some components of the BSFL may serve as a prebiotic or may impact the intestinal microbiota of the broilers by other modes of action, which in turn can affect the health and performance of broilers. Here, we investigate the impact of up to 20% BSFL in broiler diets on the diversity and composition of the broiler’s microbiota.

Methods

Four hundred broilers were fed five iso-nutritious experimental diets with increasing levels of BSFL meal reaching 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% in the finisher diets. Eight caecal content samples coming from each of the eight replicates per treatment were collected at two time points (day 21 and day 42) for DNA extraction and sequencing of the V3–V4 regions using Illumina MiSeq 2 × 300 bp pair-end sequencing with 341f and 805r primers. Analysis of variance and Spearman’s correlation were performed, while QIIME2, DADA2, and Calypso were used for data analysis.

Results

When broilers were 21 days of age, the abundance of two groups of sequence variants representing Enterococcus and unclassified Christensenellaceae was significantly lower (p-value = 0.048 and p-value = 0.025, respectively) in the 20% BSFL group compared to the 0% BSFL group. There was no relevant alteration in the microbiota diversity at that stage. On day 42, the Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that the sequence variants representing the genus Coprococcus showed a negative relationship with the BSFL inclusion levels (p-value = 0.043). The sequence variants representing the genus Roseburia and Dehalobacterium demonstrated a positive relationship with the BSFL dietary inclusion (p-value = 0.0069 and p-value = 0.0034, respectively). There was a reduction in the dissimilarity index (ANOSIM) caused by the 20% BSFL dietary inclusion.

Conclusion

The addition of up to 20% BSFL in broiler diets did not affect the overall caeca microbiota diversity or composition at day 21. On day 42, there was a reduction in the beta diversity caused by the 20% BSFL dietary inclusion. The abundance of the bacterial group Roseburia was increased by the BSFL dietary inclusion, and it may be beneficial to broiler immunity and performance.
Minimal Unified Wilson’s Disease Rating Scale (M-UWDRS) Score Compared to UWDRS Neurological Subscore in Wilson’s Disease: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mishra M , Nayak SD , Mallick AK , More BD , Mohanty G , Samanta M , Sahu AK
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Wilson’s Disease (WD) is a copper metabolic disorder that affects the nervous system and liver. The Unified Wilson’s Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS) is used for diagnosing WD, but it is time-consuming. Therefore, a less exhaustive scale is needed as a screening tool, such as the minimal Unified Wilson’s Disease Rating Scale (M-UWDRS). Aim: To evaluate the utility of M-UWDRS in assessing signs and symptoms associated with WD and compare it with the UWDRS (Neurological) subscore. Materials and Methods: This prospective, observational, non interventional, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurology, Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India from November 2017 to October 2020. A total of 42 patients with WD, based on the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) guidelines, were enrolled. They were assessed using both M-UWDRS and UWDRS (Neurological) scoring before treatment and at a three-month follow-up. Results: A total of 42 cases were enrolled, of which 28 were males and 14 were females. The mean age of presentation was 15.4±5.1 years. Both the neurological subscore of UWDRS and M-UWDRS were used pre and post-treatment, revealing a significant improvement in the majority of subjects. Both scores fared similarly in predicting disease severity, treatment outcome, and follow-up. The score of the “minimal UWDRS” correlated with the scores of the UWDRS for neurological subscores (r value: 0.6, p-value<0.001). Conclusion: M-UWDRS is a user-friendly, quick, and practical prescreening scoring scale for evaluating disorder severity and quantification of the outcomes in comparison to the UWDRS score, especially in resource-constrained and busy neurology departments. Scoring in WD will help in better prognostication of the disease.
Correlation of Toe Grip Strength among Individuals with Knee Osteoarthritis with and without Fear of Pain: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Poojari Shreya Vinodara , Srivastava Saumya
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterised by progressive loss of joint cartilage, resulting in pain, stiffness, and significant disability, leading to a reduced quality of life. Fear of pain is a significant psychosocial factor that affects individuals with knee OA, leading to decreased physical activity. However, the relationship between Toe Grip Strength (TGS) and fear of pain in individuals with knee OA is poorly understood, even though fear of pain has been known to impact strength in both the upper and lower limbs. Aim: To examine the correlation between fear and TGS among individuals with knee OA, both with and without fear of pain. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Physiotherapy, Nitte Institute of Physiotherapy, affiliated with the University of Mangalore, Karnataka, India, from April 2022 to March 2023. The study included 60 individuals, with 30 in each group, diagnosed with knee OA using the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grading system (grade 2 and above). The participants, both men and women aged between 45 and 80 years, were informed about the study’s purpose. The Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ) form was completed by the screened patients, who were then divided into fear and non fear groups. Body Mass Index (BMI) was determined by measuring height with a wall-mounted device and weight using a traditional analog scale. TGS was evaluated in both groups using a pinch grip dynamometer. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used for data analysis, with a p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: The results of the current study indicated that the FABQ showed a negative correlation (p-value >0.05) with TGS (both right and left-side) (r: -0.296 (right) and -0.302 (left)), and a positive correlation (p-value<0.05) with the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) (both during activity and at rest). Conclusion: This study revealed a significant association between fear and TGS in individuals with knee OA. Notably, Fear Avoidance Beliefs (FAB) exhibited a negative correlation with TGS while demonstrating a positive correlation with pain levels.
Efficacy of Apnoeic Oxygenation by Nasal Prongs in Preventing Desaturation during Airway Management in Infants Undergoing General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Study
Authors: Shetty Nisha S , Priya Pachha , Rathod Krishna , Bhaskar S Bala , Srinivasalu D , Chand N Kiran , Devaraj IC
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Neonates and infants are more prone to desaturation during the apnoeic period of laryngoscopy and intubation. Various options exist to reduce this risk beyond conventional preoxygenation. Aim: To assess whether continuous apnoeic oxygenation via nasal prongs during intubation can extend the safe apnoea period compared to standard management with preoxygenation alone. Materials and Methods: A randomised controlled, two-group parallel clinical study was conducted at the Department of Anaesthesiology, Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Ballari, Karnataka, India, from July 2019 to November 2020. The study involved 63 infants aged one day to six months undergoing elective or emergency surgeries under general anaesthesia. Preoxygenation via a mask was followed by sevoflurane induction and vecuronium-induced muscle relaxation. Conventional laryngoscopy and intubation were performed in 32 infants in Group-C (Control group), while 31 infants in Group-O (Apnoeic Oxygenation group) also received oxygen (O2 ) via nasal prongs at 4 L/min in addition to preoxygenation. The primary outcome parameter was the time taken for desaturation by 1%. The time taken to desaturate by 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%, as well as their incidences, lowest observed saturation, safe apnoea period, and Heart Rate (HR) trends, were also noted. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 and OpenEpi version 3.01. Results: Demographic and clinical parameters were comparable between the groups. The mean time for 1% desaturation was 18.33±4.3 seconds in Group-C, while all Group-O cases maintained 100% saturation during the study period. No significant difference was found in the safe apnoea period between the groups (p=0.503). The average lowest O2 saturation observed in Group-C was 98.81±1.28%, while it was 100% in Group-O. Only one infant in Group-C showed desaturation down to 95%. Both groups exhibited similar HR trends. Conclusion: Apnoeic oxygenation by nasal prongs in healthy infants helps prolong the time to desaturation and can be beneficial for those at risk of desaturation and hypoxia.
Estimation of Serum Calcium Level among Hospitalised Infants with Acute Bronchiolitis: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gupta Suman , Kumar Nirmal , Kaur Amardip , Gupta Deepak Kumar , Gupta Shifali
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Acute bronchiolitis is a common viral respiratory illness with clinical features ranging from mild to severe forms, requiring intensive care management. Calcium, a micronutrient, plays a significant role in numerous intracellular and extracellular events. Vitamin D deficiency is known to be associated with respiratory infections, and vitamin D metabolism regulates serum calcium and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) levels. Thus, calcium levels may be the actual causative factor at the molecular level to determine the severity of respiratory infections. Aim: To estimate and compare serum calcium levels in infants with acute bronchiolitis and controls. Additionally, it aimed to investigate the effect of sunlight exposure on calcium levels in infants presenting at a tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2004 to April 2006, over two consecutive years, among 446 infants in the paediatric unit of a tertiary care centre in Delhi, North India. A total of 223 infants (<1 year of age) hospitalised with a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis, presenting with the first episode of wheeze based on American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP) criteria (including coryza, fever, tachypnoea, tachycardia, paroxysmal wheezy cough, and irritability), were considered as cases. An equal number of age-matched controls (n=223), admitted for non respiratory illnesses, were included. Blood samples were collected for total serum calcium, phosphorus, and ALP, along with other relevant investigations related to their diagnosis. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test, Kruskal-Wallis’s test, and Chi-square test. Results: The study included 223 patients in both the case and control groups. In the control group, there were 76.58% males and 23.42% females, while in the cases, there were 81.53% males and 18.47% females. The mean age of cases was 5.78±3.45 months, and controls were 4.77±2.83 months, with a mean difference of 1.01 (95% CI, 0.42-1.59). The mean calcium levels were 9.00±1.43 mg/dL and 8.71±1.51 mg/dL in controls and cases, respectively, with a mean difference of 0.29 (95% CI0.02 to 0.56), which was statistically significant (p-value=0.037). There was no significant difference in phosphorus and ALP levels between the two groups. Conclusion: This study found an association between calcium levels and acute bronchiolitis. The findings suggest that low serum calcium levels might serve as a risk factor for acute bronchiolitis.
Endovascular Management of Ruptured Renal Angiomyolipoma: A Case Report
Authors: Pawal Sambhaji , Arkar Rahul
Published: September 2023

Renal angiomyolipoma is classified as a benign tumour comprising fat, smooth muscle cells, and vascular tissue. Renal giant angiomyolipoma with rupture is a relatively rare clinical emergency condition. Here, the authors present a case of a 37-year-old female patient who presented with complaints of right flank pain for six hours. The patient was anaemic and did not have haematuria. On non contrast Computed Tomography (CT) imaging, there was a right perirenal haematoma with a mixed-density, fat-containing tumour in the upper interpolar region of the right kidney. On Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) imaging, the right renal tumour showed multiple abnormal tortuous vessels with moderate to intense enhancement, consistent with a large angiomyolipoma. She was managed with primary therapeutic endovascular embolisation for a ruptured right renal angiomyolipoma under local anaesthesia via a right transfemoral artery approach. The procedure was uneventful, and postembolisation syndrome was managed with medications. The patient was discharged in a stable condition. During the one-month follow-up, the patient’s symptoms improved, and the need for major surgery like nephrectomy was avoided. Super selective embolisation to devascularise the tumour and preserve renal parenchyma was done under local anaesthesia via a right transfemoral approach without any complications. Postembolisation syndrome was managed medically
Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles on the Kinetics and Photo-degradation of Certain Textile Effluent Dyes
Authors: Effiong J. F.  , Boekom E. J.  , Simon N.  , Nyong A. E.
Published: September 2023

Untreated effluents especially in discharges from textiles and fabric industries, usually contain dyes. Synthetic dyes have adverse effects on all forms of life when discharged directly into the environment. This paper investigates the photo-degradation of a mixture of direct orange 39, chlorantine fast red 5B, Viscose Black B and direct sky blue K, all present in a real textile effluent based on the influence of ZnO photocatalyst dose and irradiation time at a specific UV power source. The photo-degradation experiments were conducted in a batch stirred photoreactor equipped with UV lamp of rated at 30 W, a magnetic stirring system and a thermometer. The photocatalyst used was zinc oxide nanopowder (ZnO) The results showed that changes in these parameters influenced the efficiency of the photo-degradation. The kinetic studies showed that the dyes degradation followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model that has been modified to accommodate reactions occurring at the solid-liquid interphase. At the catalyst dose of 0.5 g/l, the apparent first order rate constant,  was 0.00411 ; but at 2.5 g/l, this reduced to . The best degradation was at the catalyst dose of 2.0 g/l with rate constant of .
Assimilating the Responsible Factors for the Technical Efficiency of Organic Brown Sugar Production: Stochastic Frontier Approach
Authors: Khatun Mahmuda , Jahan Mashrat , Rahman Kazi Tamim , Karim M. Abdul , Karim Md. Rezaul
Published: September 2023

The demand for organic brown sugar has shown significant growth in recent years, presenting an opportunity to enhance production by strategically leveraging existing expertise among stakeholders. The objective of this study was to assess the viability of producing brown sugar, with a particular focus on the technical efficiency of marginal cane farmers. This study investigates the technical efficiency of sugarcane farmers who are concurrently engaged in the production of organic brown sugar within a specific region in Bangladesh. The data collection process involved the use of purposive sampling, which resulted in the collection of 163 farm data sets from September to December 2021. Subsequently, a stochastic frontier production function was carefully employed to estimate the technical efficiency of the selected brown sugar producers. The findings of the current study demonstrate that less than half of the respondents (47.24%) were involved in activities linked to maintain a high efficiency level that was greater than 91 percent. It was discovered that a range of technical efficiency scores, which varied from 49.94 to 98.38 percent, with a mean value of 84.5%. There exists a significant potential for enhancing crop productivity by up to 15.5% with the implementation of improved agricultural management techniques like substantial experience, education, and training which tends to exhibit enhanced the efficiency of the production.
Celebrity Endorsement on Purchase Decision: The Mediation Analysis of Women’s Price Perception
Authors: Allo Krisna Triatna Sari , Brasit Nurdin , Hakim Haeriah , Mustafa Muh. Yushar
Published: September 2023

As one of the most interesting research topics recently, social media marketing reveals many new and/or advanced research variables, and one of such variables is an endorsement of social media celebrity. According to the literature, a celebrity endorsement is seen as a strategy of marketing, which involves through the use of a well-recognized person’s service, such as a celebrity in order to promote a brand of product and/or service. However, this study reveals that there are lack studies explain the role of celebrity endorsement on purchase decision in Asian research context. Following this phenomenon, this study then aims to apply a quantitative research method in order to reveal the role of celebrity endorsement on purchase decision. As a research novelty, this study also reveals that there are few studies explain the role of celebrity endorsement on purchase decision with the mediation role of price perception. With the sample size is 100 female respondents, as theoretical contribution, this study then finds that there is no significant moderation role of women’s price perception on the relationship between customer endorsement and purchase decision. As for managerial contribution, the findings of this study are considered to be important for business owners, who primarily promote and sell a cosmetic product, in crafting a proper social media marketing strategy that later helps to maximize and improve revenue.
Effect of Firm Characteristics on Timeliness of Corporate Internet Financial Reporting of Malawi Public Firms
Authors: Ndhlovu Sheron , Muzira Dumisani Rumbidzai
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the impact of firm characteristics on the timeliness of corporate internet financial reporting in Malawi. The research is a quantitative study, guided by the post-positivist philosophy and a deductive approach. Content analysis of secondary data was done through a disclosure index on corporate internet financial reports. Regression analysis was performed to find the impact of firm characteristics variables (leverage, size, and profitability) on the dependant variable timeliness of corporate internet reporting. The study focused on 50 companies, comprising of 13 listed companies on the Malawi Stock Exchange and 37 limited companies that are not listed using their industry sector. The study found out that 86% of the sampled listed and non-listed companies had a corporate website. Of these, 24% are engaged in internet financial reporting which signifies a low level of internet financial reporting in Malawi. In addition, the researchers found out that of those presenting financial reports on their website, the lag time is more thus making the information not to be timely presented to the stakeholders.
Map of Actors, Interpretation of the Diagram Elaborated and Sequencing of Their Actions
Authors: Minnaard Dra. Mg Vivian , Riba Lic. Guillermina
Published: September 2023

Stakeholder mapping is a analysis strategy studied reality forming an interweaving interesting.

Objetive: To investigate the type of information selected by fourth-year students of the Medicine Career of a privately managed university in the city of Mar del Plata, Argentina for the elaboration of a map of actors, interpretation of the diagram elaborated and sequencing of their actions based on a case of motorcycle accident.

Materials and Methods: Longitudinal descriptive research recording data weekly for one month. Sample of 55 medical students, non-probability sampling for convenience. The variables subject to analysis were: type of actors, role of actors, interactions, moment of intervention, context of participation.

Results: A diagram where they will locate an actor, selecting from those proposed according to the sector they consider to belong,Later they agreed on the type of relationships that are established between the actors, reflecting the information in a diagram, justifying the decisions. An online form was sent to see the perception of the experience. 50% indicated that they were able to identify actors, 60% examined the role of each one, 40% the visualization in the diagram, although they presented some difficulties in loading the data. 60% found it interesting to establish relationships between the actors and carry out the temporal sequence.

Conclusions: The generation of experiences that favor the dialogic exchange and the reflection of the students is the key to strengthen/develop competences.
Natural Farming Practices Impact on Yield and Macro Nutrient Uptake of Sorghum
Authors: Kumar S. P. Lalid , Latha M. R. , Janaki P. , Parameswari E. , Kalaiselvi T. , Krishnan R.
Published: September 2023

The objective of the experiment is to study the effect of different natural farming practices on sorghum yield and nutrient uptake. For this a field experiment was carried out in 2023 at the Eastern block - Field No. NA 02, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore. The experiment included a randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications. Zero Budget Natural Farming techniques were fully implemented, encompassing the use of Ghanajeevamirit as a basal application, treating seeds with Beejamirit, applying Jeevamirit every two weeks via irrigation, practicing intercropping and mulching, and employing Whapasa (Alternate Furrow irrigation). Additionally, both organic and integrated plots were integrated into the approach. Results revealed that application of 50% organic and 50% inorganic treatments with organic pest repellants as ICM (T8) produced noticeably highest grain yield (2781 kg ha-1), stover yield (5682 kg ha-1) and NPK uptake (135.39, 45.09 and 80.49 kg ha-1), which was comparable to T9 ICM using chemical pest repellants. In comparison to natural farming plots, the organic farming plot (T7) showed considerably higher grain yields (2555 kg ha-1), stover yields (5456 kg ha-1) and NPK uptake (122.49, 39.40, and 66.91 kg ha-1). There were considerably greater grain yield (2294 kg ha-1), stover yield (5173 kg ha-1) and NPK uptake (108.32, 34.17, and 56.17 kg ha-1) in complete Natural Farming plot T2, which include all components (B+J+G+M+I+W) compared to control treatment which had considerably lower grain yield (1597 kg ha-1), stover yield (4306 kg ha-1) and NPK uptake rates (58.28, 15.49 and 27.75 kg ha-1).
Zero Budget Natural Farming: An Agricultural Revolution, Prospects and Problems
Authors: Mondal Koushik , Paul Anusree , Mondal Partha
Published: September 2023

Traditional agricultural practice and progressive improved technical implementation made our food system not only self-sufficient but also a potential food surplus source. But continuous application of such latest techniques is damaging our ecosystem as well as become the reason for farmers’ debt. Excessive application of agro-chemicals has become the major reason behind soil and water pollution. In order to ameliorate such irreversible damage adaptation of a modern farming technique named Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) has been found to be effective. The word ‘budget’ represents as credit and expenditures and ‘Zero Budget’ refers to without any expenses or purchasing any input. ‘Natural farming’ means farming naturally by avoiding synthetic chemicals. This ZBNF is initiated by Indian agriculturist Subhash Palekar. ZBNF is based on soil mulching to conserve soil moisture, use of natural organic manures and pesticides, etc. Cultural practices like crop rotation, application of green manures and compost, biological and cultural pest management are the key ingredient in ZBNF. ZBNF found ecologically sustainable and an effective tool to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) as well as cost-effective as it made farmers debt free.
Strengthening the Healthcare Workforce for Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria: Lessons and Strategies
Authors: Ruth Jang Byencit , Umaima Al-Mansur , David Jimwan Nankam , Ajik Magaji , Abigail Daniel Abi , Sumayya Al-Mansur
Published: September 2023

Background: Achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a global imperative to ensure equitable access to quality healthcare services for all individuals. A pivotal factor in this endeavor is the strength and capacity of the healthcare workforce. This paper examines the intersection of a robust healthcare workforce and the goals of UHC, with a specific focus on the Nigerian context.

Methods: The paper delves into the strengths and weaknesses of the Nigerian healthcare workforce, analyzing factors such as diversity, distribution, skill utilization, and the prevailing challenges. Insights from global approaches in the paper highlight innovative strategies, including workforce training, collaborative delivery models, and workforce motivation to enhance healthcare accessibility and quality.

Results: The paper addresses contextual nuances such as cultural diversity, geographic challenges, and socioeconomic disparities that shape the Nigerian healthcare landscape. The relevance of tailored solutions that accommodate these nuances is emphasized. The paper underscores the potential impact of a strengthened healthcare workforce on achieving UHC, reducing health disparities, and improving overall health outcomes.

Conclusion: The paper offers policy recommendations tailored to Nigeria's unique circumstances. The conclusion highlights the significance of continual monitoring, research, and evaluation of workforce-centric interventions for sustained progress towards UHC. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on health equity, offering insights into how a capable healthcare workforce can drive transformative change and pave the way for comprehensive healthcare coverage in Nigeria.
Forecasting the Trend of Specialized Digital Marketing of Social Media in Iran in 2023
Authors: Noorymotlagh Maryam
Published: September 2023

This article explores the role of social media as a potent factor in marketing and its impact on organizational structure, with a specific focus on digital marketing. It outlines the components and roadmap for the integration of digital marketing into social media. By presenting results illustrating the presence of Iranian companies on popular domestic and foreign social media platforms, the study discusses the significance of these platforms in facilitating business and marketing interactions with the new generation, leading to the establishment of loyal customers. The factors discussed in relation to these media include cost reduction, gaining the trust of the new generation, increasing revenue, and the importance of building the company's brand. The research findings, based on an examination of 15 Persian articles published on reputable websites between 2017 and 2023, reveal a growing trend of users migrating to social networks and their inclination to share their product and service experiences with others. Other consumers place greater importance on these experiences shared on social networks when making purchasing decisions. Simultaneously, the study highlights the significant rise in television advertising costs and traditional forms of advertising (such as billboards) in Iran during 2023. Consequently, Iranian companies exhibit a strong inclination to utilize digital marketing on social networks as a means to promote their products and services. Furthermore, the findings indicate that Iranian companies are actively exploring innovative avenues for digital marketing on social networks, utilizing new tools such as Telegram or Instagram bots.
Consumer Price Perception and Reaction to Price Promotion in Online Shopping
Authors: Lii Yuan-Shuh , Ding May-Ching , Hung Chih-Hung
Published: September 2023

Aims: Many observations and studies have pointed out that due to the economic downturn and fierce competition in the online market, online retailers must think about how to use effective price promotion strategies to attract consumers' attention and further stimulate their purchase intention. At present, online retailers still use the price promotion strategies used by offline retailers in formulating price promotion strategies. However, the Internet provides consumers with the benefit of being able to quickly search for price information when shopping online, resulting in a substantial reduction in the cost of searching for price information for consumers. In this case, the influence of these price promotion strategies may be weakened or even ineffective; and the provision of this benefit may also affect consumers' cognition, attitude, and behavior toward online retailers' price promotions. Therefore, this study intends to explore consumers' perception, processing, and search behavior for online price information.

Methodology: A review of the literature of price-related articles was selected for analysis, including the level of acceptance level, type and quantity of external and internal reference prices and advertising reference prices, to understand concurrently how retailers formulated their price communication strategies to influence the perception of consumer price online and offline.

Conclusion: This research proposes the countermeasures for on-line retailers when formulating price communication strategies, and provides the academic community with an in-depth understanding of consumers' attitudes and behavior patterns towards on-line price information.
Green Growth and Sustainable Development in Nigeria
Authors: Grace Ejims
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to examine how the adoption of green growth can bring about sustainable development in Nigeria. A descriptive study design was adopted for this study. A literature search was performed from June 1st to July 20th, 2023. Articles, Journals and other publications on green growth and Sustainable development were selected using the PRISMA checklist. A total of 47 publications were selected including data from Trading Economics, Worldometer and Worldbank for Nigeria. From the results, CO2 emissions increased from 78,350,318 in 2014 to 82,634,214 in 2016. Transport sector accounted for most of the emission and emission data included gases from burning of fossil fuel and cement manufacture. Also, deforestation increased between 2015 and 2017. Shifting to green growth is necessary for Nigeria to reduce the damage done to the ecosystem and bring about sustainable development.
Advancement in Diagnostic Aids for Oral Premalignant Lesions
Authors: Abdulrahman Baraa Issam
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Precancerous lesions, conditions, and early-stage oral cancer cannot be                     sufficiently identified solely through visual inspection and may be prone to be inadvertently disregarded. Distinguishing between early-stage cancer, precancerous lesions, and benign tumors can pose a challenge due to the striking resemblance in their visual characteristics. Using                 surgical biopsy as a diagnostic modality is widely regarded as the gold standard in the medical community. However, it is essential to acknowledge that acquiring professional services for this procedure can prove impractical in certain circumstances. Hence this paper presents a concise review of a wide range of advanced diagnostic aids employed in detection of Oral Premalignant Lesions (OPL).

Methods: The literature search utilized appropriate keywords to search online databases like PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Wiley science library, and Saudi digital library.

Results: Alternative screening methods that are noninvasive, readily executed, and exhibit a high degree of accuracy are the established criteria for considering a test as a viable substitute for histopathology. Early diagnosis is a paramount factor in the effective management of oral cancer. Vital staining, immunocytochemistry, fluorescence imaging, laser confocal microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy diagnostic modalities are employed for the timely identification of oral premalignant lesions.

Conclusion: Recent advances have improved the diagnostic aids in easy and accurate detection of oral premalignant lesions thereby facilitating effective management and mitigation strategies at an early stage of the lesion.
O que se pode dizer sem que haja ninguém para ouvir? A dramaturgia do forced entertainment
Authors: Neto Francisco de Assis Gaspar
Published: September 2023

Resumo: Este artigo localiza a produção dramatúrgica e espetacular da companhia inglesa Forced Entertainment dentro do campo da dramaturgia performativa; consideramos essa produção como co-engendramento coletivo entre texto, cena, performers e plateia, pensados como partes constituintes e constituídas a partir do mesmo gesto de costura de elementos heterogêneos, no plano da produção e, construção coletiva da cena, no campo do evento espetacular; a passagem de um campo a outro é demonstrada pelo conceito simondoniano de relação transindividual e os procedimentos dramatúrgicos do Forced serão articulados com noções como heterogeneidade, costura e ritornelo.
Tradução Intersemiótica, Artefato Cognitivo e Criatividade:
Authors: Queiroz Joao , Atã Pedro
Published: September 2023

A tradução intersemiótica (TI) pode ser descrita como um artefato cognitivo projetado como uma ferramenta preditiva, generativa e metassemiótica. Os artefatos cognitivos têm uma enorme variedade de formas e são manipulados de muitas maneiras, em diferentes domínios. Como uma técnica projetiva de inteligência aumentada, a TI funciona como uma ferramenta preditiva, antecipando novos e surpreendentes padrões de eventos e processos semióticos, mantendo sob controle o surgimento de novos padrões. Ao mesmo tempo, ela (TI) funciona como um modelo generativo, fornecendo informações novas, inesperadas e surpreendentes ao sistema alvo (target system) e fornecendo resultados concorrentes que permitem ao sistema gerar instâncias candidatas. Como ferramenta metassemiótica, a TI cria um processo semiótico de meta nível (ação de um signo que representa a ação de outro signo). Ela também cria um “laboratório experimental” para realizar experimentos semióticos. A TI submete sistemas semióticos a condições incomuns, em um cenário para o surgimento de novos e surpreendentes comportamentos semióticos. Exploramos essas idéias através de um exemplo de TI para a dança, bastante conhecido -- da perspectiva linear visual para o balé clássico.
Dançafórum porque o corpo atua cognitivamente como fórum
Authors: Rengel Lenira Peral
Published: September 2023

A pesquisa tem objetivado desocultar a característica cognitiva de que o corpo, qualquer corpo – com as devidas especificidades – é um fórum, uma “democracia neuronal”, uma comunidade que se estende por todo ele e pelo mundo. Essa proposta de dançafórum também tem inspiração no termo “teatro-fórum” de Augusto Boal. Dançamos – em improvisações coletivas ou pessoais, ou com técnicas de passos codificados – com a compreensão de que o corpo atua como um fórum dialogado, entrecortado, opinado, contradito, consensuado, simultâneo. Tais procedimentos metodológicos impulsionam uma ação de esperançar a emancipação estendida no mundo. Concluímos que a dançafórum é a favor do corpo, das contradições, dores, sentimentos, rede sanguínea, respiração, ideias. A favor dos não dualismos impostos como forma de dominação, tão contra aos modos cognitivos do corpo.
Corpo em equilíbrio: Exufrida, um ato cênico de cura com contornos de acrobacia
Authors: Spinelli Céline
Published: September 2023

Este artigo aborda o tema da saúde e da cura através de Exufrida, uma cena solo de acrobacia que integra o espetáculo de circo Porumtriz. A partir de uma perspectiva antropológica, o propósito consiste em apresentar uma leitura situada desta cena, cujo potencial expressivo permite desenvolver diferentes planos interpretativos. O enfoque se concentra, por um lado, na composição técnica e artística durante o processo criativo, por outro, na dimensão da cura evocada na coreografia acrobática. O equilíbrio é central tanto na fisicalidade da performance quanto na dimensão simbólica veiculada. Trata-se também de um elemento estruturante neste artigo, sendo o ponto de convergência da análise proposta sobre a acrobacia, a saúde e a cura.
Baubo e o Fogo: A celebração da deusa vulva em Sonhares
Authors: Curi Alice Stefânia , Filho Francisco Carlos Costa
Published: September 2023

Partindo do mito grego de Baubo e do universo simbólico associado ao elemento fogo, o artigo aborda aspectos da criação de uma cena do espetáculo Sonhares, apresentando e discutindo relações entre a dramaturgia construída e as fontes provocadoras do processo. Para tal são visitados temas, imagens e conceitos como o riso, o grotesco, o obsceno sagrado, a ambivalência, o feminino, a vulva, que são abordados a partir de autores como Estés, Bachelard, Bakhtin, etc..
Unravelling Surface Modification Strategies for Preventing Medical Device‐Induced Thrombosis
Authors: Luu Cuong Hung , Nguyen Nam‐Trung , Ta Hang Thu
Published: September 2023

The use of biomaterials in implanted medical devices remains hampered by platelet adhesion and blood coagulation. Thrombus formation is a prevalent cause of failure of these blood‐contacting devices. Although systemic anticoagulant can be used to support materials and devices with poor blood compatibility, its negative effects such as an increased chance of bleeding, make materials with superior hemocompatibility extremely attractive, especially for long‐term applications. This review examines blood–surface interactions, the pathogenesis of clotting on blood‐contacting medical devices, popular surface modification techniques, mechanisms of action of anticoagulant coatings, and discusses future directions in biomaterial research for preventing thrombosis. In addition, this paper comprehensively reviews several novel methods that either entirely prevent interaction between material surfaces and blood components or regulate the reaction of the coagulation cascade, thrombocytes, and leukocytes.
Cu–Sr Bilayer Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles/Polydopamine Functionalized Polyetheretherketone Enhances Osteogenic Activity and Prevents Implant‐Associated Infections through Spatiotemporal Immunomodulation
Authors: Wu Yuezhou , Huo Shicheng , Liu Shu , Hong Qimin , Wang You , Lyu Zhuocheng
Published: September 2023

Key factors contributing to implantation failures include implant‐associated infections (IAIs) and insufficient osseointegration of the implants. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is widely used in orthopedics, yet its clinical applications are restricted due to its poor osteogenic and antibacterial properties as well as inadequate immune responses. To overcome these drawbacks, a novel spatiotemporal immunomodulation approach is proposed, chelating Cu–Sr bilayer bioactive glass nanoparticles (CS‐BGNs) onto the PEEK surface via polydopamine (PDA). The CS‐BGNs possess a bilayer core–shell structure where copper is distributed in the outer layer and strontium is clustered in the inner layer. The results show that CS‐BGNs/PDA functionalized PEEK demonstrates a controlled and sequential release of Cu2+ and Sr2+. In the early stage, Cu2+ from the outer layer releases rapidly, while Sr2+ from the inner layer releases in the late stage. This well‐ordered release pattern modulates the phenotypic transition of macrophages, which induces M1 polarization in the early stage and M2 polarization in the late stage. Combined with the direct effects of Cu2+ and Sr2+, the spatiotemporal immunomodulation not only benefits the early antibacterial and tissue‐healing process, but also promotes the long‐term process of osseointegration, providing new perspectives on the design of novel immunomodulatory biomaterials.
How Photogenerated I2 Induces I‐Rich Phase Formation in Lead Mixed Halide Perovskites
Authors: Zhou Yang , van Laar Simone C. W. , Meggiolaro Daniele , Gregori Luca , Martani Samuele , Heng Jia‐Yong , Datta Kunal , Jiménez‐López Jesús , Wang Feng , Wong E Laine , Poli Isabella , Treglia Antonella , Cortecchia Daniele , Prato Mirko , Kobera Libor , Gao Feng , Zhao Ni , Janssen René A. J. , De Angelis Filippo , Petrozza Annamaria
Published: September 2023

Bandgap tunability of lead mixed halide perovskites (LMHPs) is a crucial characteristic for versatile optoelectronic applications. Nevertheless, LMHPs show the formation of iodide‐rich (I‐rich) phase under illumination, which destabilizes the semiconductor bandgap and impedes their exploitation. Here, it is shown that how I2, photogenerated upon charge carrier trapping at iodine interstitials in LMHPs, can promote the formation of I‐rich phase. I2 can react with bromide (Br−) in the perovskite to form a trihalide ion I2Br− (Iδ−‐Iδ+‐Brδ−), whose negatively charged iodide (Iδ−) can further exchange with another lattice Br− to form the I‐rich phase. Importantly, it is observed that the effectiveness of the process is dependent on the overall stability of the crystalline perovskite structure. Therefore, the bandgap instability in LMHPs is governed by two factors, i.e., the density of native defects leading to I2 production and the Br− binding strength within the crystalline unit. Eventually, this study provides rules for the design of chemical composition in LMHPs to reach their full potential for optoelectronic devices.
Synergistic Enhancement Mechanism of High Electron Density and Localized Surface Plasmons for Strong Light‐Matter Interactions
Authors: Wang Hongbo , Wang Yang , Zhao Zhi‐jun , Du Xinchuan , Hu Anjun , Zhang Miao , Tang Kai , Zhou Ting , Tian Yuchen , Qian Linmao , Wang Xianfu
Published: September 2023

2D layered semiconductor materials hold the potential to address the crucial technical challenges of poor signal uniformity and low repeatability of traditional metal plasmonic nanostructures in sensing, which hinder quantitative detection and analysis in molecular detection. However, the ultra‐low light absorption efficiency and electronic state density intrinsically result in their inferior sensitivity compared with those of conventional metal plasmonic nanostructures. Therefore, the integration of the classical back‐gate modulation strategy and surface plasmon resonance into 2D heterostructures is proposed. This integration aims to control the interaction between the surface sensing material of the heterostructure and target molecules from the perspective of surface electronic state density and optical absorption efficiency. The sensitivity (≈10−12 m) of as‐designed MoS2/graphene/Ag heterojunction is comparable to that of advanced metal plasmonic nanostructures, and the corresponding enhancement factor (EF, 1.71 × 104) is much higher than that of most heterojunction‐based and metal‐semiconductor coupled devices. This study uncovers the internal mechanism of the surface plasmon effect and high electronic state density in enhancing light‐matter interactions, and provides an alternative avenue for high‐performance surface‐enhanced devices.
Testing the optimality of USDA's WASDE forecasts under unknown loss
Authors: Ding Kexin , Katchova Ani L.
Published: September 2023

Motivated by the long‐lasting debate on whether the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) forecasts are optimal, we employ an unknown loss method for ex post evaluation which assumes that the USDA forecasters' loss function is unknown. We conduct optimality tests of the WASDE forecasts for corn, soybeans, and wheat published during 1988–2019. Our results suggest that USDA forecasters generally realize optimality during the data‐generating process. Our findings are consistent with previous studies when narrowing down the more general unknown loss function to the symmetric or asymmetric loss function which assumes a specific shape for the loss function. This study provides implications based on the unknown loss function that the USDA forecasters can boost their information set as an alternative way to improve the WASDE forecasts. [EconLit Citations: D84, E37, Q13, Q14].