bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Bibliometric Review of Studies on COVID-19 and Medicine
Authors: Demir Ahmet Turan
Published: May 2023

Various antiviral medicine for the treatment of COVID-19 have been studied, some of them have been used in clinical trials, and there has been a notable rise in the number of written works related to this topic. This research uses a thorough literature analysis to present the organization of the expanding body of literature regarding medicinal remedies employed in managing COVID-19. It was conducted based on 953 English-language articles in the Scopus database from 2019 to 2023 (April). RStudio (Biblioshiny), CiteSpace, and VOSviewer software were used to identify research hotspots for topic areas, trending topic and knowledge base analysis, scientific outlook, timeline, and detailed map. Collaboration networks are analyzed primarily according to organizations and sources in the author’s country. Thematic research areas are summarized based on keyword and clustering analysis and emerging topics and knowledge bases. In addition, the branches of science that affect each other have been identified. “Major clinical study” is the most central theme in this field. In 2023, “human”, “COVID-19, and telemedicine” will be trend topics. Finally, research gaps and future coverage in this area are highlighted.
Discerning Rise Time Constants: The Connection between the Time and Frequency Domain Spectra of Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Kruppa Lennard , Jenatsch Sandra , Wang Yueming , Ravishankar Sandheep
Published: May 2023

The small-perturbation analysis of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) highlights a fundamental conundrum - while time domain measurements yield two time constants corresponding to the rise and subsequent decay of the photovoltage or photocurrent, the corresponding frequency domain methods only yield one time constant from the analysis of the imaginary part of the transfer function. To solve this problem, we propose a modification of the frequency domain transfer function that focusses on the transition of its real part to negative values at high frequencies. After verification using drift-diffusion simulations and equivalent circuit analysis, the application of the method to experimental intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy data of a PSC allows calculation of the hidden rise time constant, showing a good agreement with rise time constants obtained from transient photovoltage measurements. The calculated rise time constants are indicators of the charge extraction efficiency of the contacts, that determines short circuit and low-bias recombination losses.
Detection of the Phosphorus-bearing Molecules PO and PN in the Outer Galaxy
Authors: Koelemay Lilia , Gold Katherine , Ziurys Lucy
Published: May 2023

Phosphorus is a key element in biology1 and plays a role in the formation of Earth-like planets2. Despite its importance, phosphorus has been identified only in a small section of the Milky Way, and its general Galactic distribution is not known. The lack of information about this element is partly due to unfavorable atomic transitions, but phosphorus-containing molecules offer another avenue for investigation. Here we present the detection of gas-phase phosphorus in the Outer Galaxy through spectra of PO and PN. The rotational lines in the 2 and 3 mm regions of these molecules were observed in the dense cloud WB89-621, located 22.6 kpc from the Galactic Center. The abundances of PO and PN in WB89-621 are comparable to values near the Solar System within the measurement uncertainties3. Phosphorus is created in supernovae, which are not typically present in the Outer Galaxy4. The detection of PO and PN at such large Galactic distances is surprising, but could be a consequence of a “Galactic Fountain”, where elemental enrichment occurs from redistribution of supernovae material ejected into the halo and circumgalactic medium5. The identification of phosphorus at this galactocentric distance therefore provides new insight into the chemical evolution of the Galaxy.
Optimization of technological parameters in ultrasonic welding of the polypropylene fabric using Taguchi and FCCCD methods
Authors: Le Thanh Quang , Nguyen Thanh Hai , Nguyen Loc Huu
Published: May 2023

Ultrasonic welding is a welding method that has been applied for welding nonwoven fabrics, with many advantages such as fast speed, high reliability, easy automation and especially less pollution to the environment. This paper studies the optimization of technological parameters in the welding process such as welding time, pressure, and weld shape on the breaking strength of ultrasonic welding of Polypropylene (PP) nonwovens. To evaluate the influence level and find the reasonable technological parameters domain in the paper, the Taguchi method is used in combination with the face-centered central composite design (FCCCD) response surface method. The research results have determined the regression equations used to calculate the breaking strength for each weld shape as well as the optimal domain for the main technological parameters, ensuring the breaking strength of the weld. There are different degrees of influence of technological parameters (shape of the weld zone, welding time and welding pressure) on the breaking strength of ultrasonic welds. Among them, the influence level of welding time t is 45.31 %, the weld shape is Pattern 2 with the rate of 30.03 %, and the welding pressure is 24.66 %. Carrying out a verification test with the welding parameters: t=1.6 s, p=3.1 kgf/cm2, two patterns ( Pattern 2 and Pattern 3), the result of breaking strength for patterns was achieved. Pattern 2 has a difference of 1.19 % between the regression equation results and the actual experimental results, while the figure for Pattern 3 is 0.77 %. From these results, it is possible to select the appropriate technological parameters for ultrasonic welding equipment when processing products from nonwoven fabrics to ensure the highest quality and productivity
“You Are Unique, The Way You Are”: Policing the “Fat Female Body” in Fanney Khan
Authors:   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, India, Kumari Neha , Singh Rajni ,   Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, India
Published: May 2023

In South Asia, the fat female body is accorded narrative prominence to construct different synonyms of beauty and power. It is frequently consigned to the edges of fictional realms in visual representations and popular cultures. The standards of beauty (i.e., slender body, seductive dress, skin colour, make-up, etc.) are colonising the brains of women by dividing them and forcing them to adhere to the beauty norms by limiting their performance to the erotic subject. The article analyses the film Fanney Khan (2018) as an imperative study to understand how the concept of “fat body with ability” is subjugated to the conventional idea of “fat = inabilities, unhygienic, unhealthy, diseased and disabled” by the hegemonic society through the protagonist and eventually dismantling the same. This article investigates how juvenile fat subjects parley through numerous discursive interactions in the film Fanney Khan (2018). It illustrates how the female lead in the film confronts, resists and ultimately debilitates the conventional notions of the fat body and beauty standards. Although fatness is represented in this film as either a source of extreme animosity and conflict or a matter of desexualised femininity and conventional clothing choice, it nonetheless serves as a counter-hegemonic ideal that destabilises fatphobia (Singh 2021).
A Study on the Influencing Factors of MZ Generation's Housing Purchase Decision : Focusing on the phenomenon of “Youngkle”
Authors:   Korea Urban & Real Estate Association, Choi Nam-Sun , Choi Min-Seob
Published: May 2023

This study aims to analyze the “YoungKle” phenomenon that has occurred since 2016 as a factor influencing the decision to purchase a house. Housing prices soared as liquidity that wanted to invest was flocking to the real estate market due to the overlapping low-interest rates in the loan market and abundant liquidity in the market. The “YoungKle” phenomenon occurred in the housing market when the MZ generation feared that they would not be able to have their own house for the rest of their lives due to the news of the rapid soaring in house prices, so used all possible loans with their parent's help to buy their housing. Investment in real estate requires clear risk analysis and yield analysis, so must be determined based on reasonable judgment, nevertheless, panic buying occurred. This study analyzes the influencing factors of decision-making and satisfaction with housing purchases of the MZ generation who had experience in purchasing houses from 2016 to recently, and it presents implications for making reasonable housing purchase judgments in the future.
Simulated annealing algorithm optimized GRU neural network for urban rainfall-inundation prediction
Authors: Yan Ying , Zhang Wenting , Liu Yongzhi , Li Zhixuan
Published: May 2023

In the context of global climate change and the continuous development of urban areas, rainfall-inundation modeling is a common approach that provides critical support for the protection and early warning of urban waterlogging protection. The present study conducts a data-driven model for hourly urban rainfall-inundation depth prediction, which is based on a gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network and uses the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm for the hyperparameter optimization of GRU, namely the SA-GRU model. To verify the performance of the proposed model, backpropagation, long short-term memory (LSTM), and bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) neural networks are set as benchmarks. Results show that the SA-GRU has high accuracy in the case of short-term inundation prediction, with the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency from 0.999 to 0.596 for the 1-h-ahead to 8-h-ahead predictions. And further research reveals that the SA-GRU integrates the significant optimization of SA, with an average 20% reduction of the root mean square error within the first eight prediction periods, and the efficient training speed of GRU, with 23.7% faster than LSTM and 44.2% faster than BiLSTM. In conclusion, the SA-GRU excels in urban inundation prediction, demonstrating its value in flood management and decision-making.
Seasonal precipitation forecasting for water management in the Kosi Basin, India using large-scale climate predictors
Authors: Dhillon Manjeet Singh , Sharif Mohammed , Madsen Henrik , Jakobsen Flemming
Published: May 2023

A novel approach for qualitative seasonal forecast of precipitation at a basin scale is presented as significant enhancement in seasonal forecast at regional and country scales in India. The process utilizes empirical and typically lagged relationships between target variables of interest, namely precipitation at the basin level and various large-scale climate predictors (LSCPs). A total of 14 LSCPs have been considered for the seasonal forecast of precipitation with lead times of 1, 2, and 3 months in the Kosi Basin, India. Random split training and testing were conducted on seven machine-learning (ML) models using a potential predictor dataset for model selection. The Logistic Regression (LR) model was adopted since it had the highest mean accuracy score compared to the remaining six ML models. The LR model has been optimized by testing it on all possible combinations of potential predictors using Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation (CV) scheme. The resulting Seasonal Prediction Model (SPM) provides the probability of each tercile categorized as Above Normal (AN), Normal (N), and Below Normal (BN). The model has been evaluated using various metrics.
ORGANIZAÇÃO ESPACIAL DAS HABITAÇÕES UNIFAMILIARES DO PAR NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE ARACAJU-SE
Authors: Porangaba Alexsandro Tenório , Almeida Silva Luciane
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho apresenta o resultado da pesquisa realizada no Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica na Universidade Federal de Sergipe, cujo objetivo foi analisar a organização espacial das habitações unifamiliares do Programa de Arrendamento Residencial (PAR) edificadas na Região Metropolitana de Aracaju (RMA). Partindo-se da hipótese de que a qualidade do projeto de arquitetura de habitações de interesse social é sacrificada em favor da busca por rentabilidade e barateamento do custo de construção, buscou-se investigar qual impacto dessa ação na organização espacial interna das unidades habitacionais e na diversidade tipológica entre as habitações do PAR na RMA. Para tanto foram desenvolvidos dois tipos de análises sobre 19 residenciais: (1) desempenho de compacidade, com base nos critérios da NBR 12.721:2006 e da Metodologia de Avaliação do Produto Habitacional desenvolvido pelo Programa HABITARE; (2) tipológica, com aplicação do método dos gráficos justificados de permeabilidade desenvolvido por Julienne Hanson, em 1998. Os resultados apontam que a busca pelo barateamento nos custos da construção repercutiu negativamente nas tomadas de decisão projetual em relação à organização espacial interna – fundamentada em processos rígidos de construção, com elevado nível de segregação entre os cômodos e ausência da aplicação de estratégias de flexibilidade espacial – e no subdimensionamento das unidades habitacionais.
Heterologous Expression and Function of Cholesterol Oxidase: A Review
Authors: Cui Haoran , Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Kuang Yue , Zhang Hai Yan , Sun Wenli
Published: May 2023

Cholesterol was first found in gallstones as an animal sterol; hence it is called cholesterol.
Cholesterol oxidase is the chief enzyme in the process of cholesterol degradation. Its role is obtained
by the coenzyme FAD, which catalyzes the isomerization and oxidation of cholesterol to produce
cholesteric 4-ene-3-ketone and hydrogen peroxide at the same time. Recently, a great advance has
been made in the discovery of the structure and function of cholesterol oxidase, and it has proven
added value in clinical discovery, medical care, food and biopesticides development and other
conditions. By recombinant DNA technology, we can insert the gene in the heterologous host.
Heterologous expression (HE) is a successful methodology to produce enzymes for function studies
and manufacturing applications, where Escherichia coli has been extensively used as a heterologous
host because of its economical cultivation, rapid growth, and efficiency in offering exogenous genes.
Heterologous expression of cholesterol oxidase has been considered for several microbial sources,
such as Rhodococcus equi, Brevibacterium sp., Rhodococcus sp., Streptomyces coelicolor,
Burkholderia cepacia ST-200, Chromobacterium, and Streptomyces spp. All related publications of
numerous researchers and scholars were searched in ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, and Google
Scholar. In this article, the present situation and promotion of heterologous expression of cholesterol
oxidase, the role of protease, and the perspective of its possible applications were reviewed.
Drug Delivery Systems based on Microneedles for Dermatological
Diseases and Aesthetic Enhancement
Authors: Vergilio Mariane Massufero , Birchall James Caradoc , Lima Lonetá Lauro , Rezende Rodrigo Alvarenga , Leonardi Gislaine Ricci
Published: May 2023

Microneedle (MN) devices comprise of micron-sized structures that circumvent
biological barriers in a minimally invasive manner. MN research continues to grow
and evolve; the technology was recently identified as one of the top ten overall emerging
technologies of 2020. There is a growing interest in using such devices in cosmetology
and dermatological conditions where the MNs mechanically disrupt the outer skin barrier
layer, creating transient pathways that allow the passage of materials to underlying skin
layers. This review aims to appraise the application of microneedle technologies in skin
science, provide information on potential clinical benefits, as well as indicate possible
dermatological conditions that can benefit from this technology, including autoimmunemediated
inflammatory skin diseases, skin aging, hyperpigmentation, and skin tumors. A
literature review was carried out to select studies that evaluated the use of microneedles
to enhance drug delivery for dermatologic purposes. MN patches create temporary pathways
that allow the passage of therapeutic material to deeper layers of the skin. Given
their demonstrable promise in therapeutic applications it will be essential for healthcare
professionals to engage with these new delivery systems as they transition to the clinic.
Weapons and Strategies against COVID-19: A Perspective
Authors: Mishra Raghav , Chaudhary Kajal , Mishra Isha
Published: May 2023

Currently, there are no approved treatments for the fatal infectious coronavirus disease.
The process of identifying new applications for approved pharmaceuticals is called drug repurposing.
It is a very successful strategy for drug development as it takes less time and cost to uncover a
therapeutic agent than the de novo procedure. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2) is the seventh coronavirus that has been identified as a causative agent in humans.
SARS-CoV-2 has been recorded in 213 countries, with over 31 million confirmed cases and an
estimated death rate of 3%. Medication repositioning may indeed be regarded as a unique therapeutic
option for COVID-19 in the present situation. There are various drugs and techniques,
which are being used to treat the symptoms of COVID-19. These agents are directed against the
viral replication cycle, viral entrance, and viral translocation to the nucleus. Additionally, some
can boost the innate antiviral immune response. Drug repurposing is a sensible method and could
be a vital approach to treat COVID-19. Combining some of the drugs or supplements with an immunomodulatory
diet, psychological assistance, and adherence to standards can ultimately act
against COVID-19. A better knowledge of the virus itself and its enzymes will enable the development
of more precise and efficient direct-acting antivirals. The primary aim of this review is to
present the various aspects of this disease, including various strategies against COVID-19.
Imagine Yourself Dancing Waltz: The Effect of Imagination on Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: El Haj Mohamad , Robin Frédérique , Moustafa Ahmed A. , Gallouj Karim
Published: May 2023

Background:

Self-imagination refers to a mnemonic strategy of imagining oneself at a scene related to a cue.

Objective:

We tested the effect of self-imagination on memory recall in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Method:

Individuals with AD and healthy controls were invited to perform two conditions. In the control (i.e., semantic elaboration) condition, participants were asked to define to which semantic category
(e.g., dance) words (e.g., waltz) belong. However, in a self-imagining condition, participants were
asked to imagine themselves in a scene related to the stimuli (e.g., dancing waltz). Both conditions
were followed by two free memory tests with two different intervals (20 seconds vs. 20 minutes).

Results:

Analysis showed a beneficial effect of self-imagination for the 20-second but not for the 20-
minute recall in AD participants and controls.

Conclusion:

Clinicians can incorporate our findings when assessing, especially when trying to rehabilitate, episodic memory in AD.
Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Congenital Left Ventricular
Outflow Obstruction
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Bhatia Mona , Arora Natisha
Published: May 2023

Congenital left ventricular outflow obstruction represents a multilevel obstruction with
several morphological forms. It can involve the subvalvular, valvar, or supravalvular portion of the
aortic valve complex, and may coexist. Computed tomography (CT) plays an important supplementary
role in the evaluation of patients with congenital LVOT obstruction. Unlike transthoracic
echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, it is not bounded by a
small acoustic window, needs for anaesthesia or sedation, and metallic devices. Current generations
of CT scanners with excellent spatial and temporal resolution, high pitch scanning, wide detector
system, dose reduction algorithms, and advanced 3-dimensional postprocessing techniques
provide a high-quality alternative to CMR or diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Radiologists performing
CT in young children should be familiar with the advantages and disadvantages of CT and
with the typical morphological imaging features of congenital left ventricular outflow obstruction.
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of Fennel Seed Extract
Against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Sahu Ashish , Parai Debaprasad , Ram Choudhary Hari , Singh Desh Deepak
Published: May 2023

Background:

Antimicrobial resistance against pathogenic bacterial strains is the current
problem faced by the world. Medicinal plants are being focussed for new alternatives to routine
antibiotics for novel therapeutic and antimicrobial approaches.

Objective:

In this present study, fennel extract from Foeniculum vulgare plant was investigated
against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Method:

Ethanol extraction of fennel seeds was performed and minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill curve was studied to find antimicrobial
activities. Biofilm eradication was estimated by crystal violet assay.

Result:

Antimicrobial study showed a MIC of 500 μg/ml and MBC of 1000 μg/ml for fennel extract.
Sub-inhibitory concentrations (½ MIC and ¾ MIC) started to kill bacterial cells after the addition
of fennel extract at mid-log phase of growth. Test phytochemical eradicated 38.7%, 62.2%, and
76.9% of MRSA biofilm from microtitre plate when added at a concentration of 250 μg/ml, 375
μg/ml and 500 μg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion:

This study showed different bactericidal and antibiofilm activity of fennel seed extract
against MRSA. We suggested that the phytocompound could be a promising candidate and further
investigation is needed to isolate the active component of the extract for the management of MRSA.
Prevalence of COVID-19 Among 8000 Patients at a Hospitalized and
Mortality in Old Age
Authors: de Godoy Maria Regina Pereira , Salomão Maria Lucia Machado , Queiroz Flavia , de Godoy Jose Maria Pereira
Published: May 2023

Background:

COVID-19 created a general challenge to healthcare systems throughout
the world and was an important cause of mortality.

Aim:

The aim of the present study was to report the general evolution of patients with COVID-19
at a teaching hospital and analyze differences by age group and sex considering mortality rates in
the years 2020 and 2021 among patients older than 60 years of age.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of
COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR at the São Jose do Rio Preto university hospital between March
2020 and March 2022. The patients were male and female patients, of varying ages belonging to
the region of Sao Jose do Rio Preto, were accommodated in the wards or intensive care units
(ICUs). Overall mortality was analyzed for the hospital as well as in the ICUs and wards. This
analysis was performed separately in two years considering age group, sex, and main comorbidities
in patients older than 60 years of age.

Results:

A total of 8032 patients with COVID-19 were hospitalized between March 2020 and
March 2022: 2866 patients with 658 deaths (22.92%) in 2020; 4324 patients with 1168 deaths
(27.01%) in 2021; and 842 patients with 205 deaths (24.35 %) in 2022 up to the month of March.
More than half (53.60%) of the patients were hospitalized in the ICUs and 46.39% were hospitalized
in the wards. Differences in the mortality rate were found for the different age groups in the
comparison of the years, with more deaths occurring among individuals up to 90 years of age in the
second year (p <0.05). Men were affected more and had a higher mortality rate (p <0.0001). The
main comorbidities were cardiovascular disease (70.93%), diabetes (37.76%), and obesity
(23.68%).

Conclusions:

The mortality rate of older people hospitalized with COVID-19 was higher than the
average, it was higher in 2021 compared to 2020 and increased with age. Cardiovascular disease,
diabetes, and obesity were the main comorbidities.
Crowd-sourced AI based Indoor Localization using Support Vector
Regression and Pedestrian Dead Reckoning
Authors: Nagaraju Thandu , Rathinam Murugeswari
Published: May 2023

Aims and Background:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is expanding in the market daily to assist
humans in a variety of ways. However, as these models are expensive, there is still a gap in the
availability of AI products to the common public with high component dependency.

Objective and Methodology:

To address the issue of additional component dependency on AI products,
we propose a model that can use available Smartphone resources to perceive real-world huddles
and assist ordinary people with their daily needs. The proposed AI model is to predict the user’s indoor
position (Node) at the computer science and engineering block of CMR Institute of Technology
(CMRIT) by using Smartphone sensors and wireless signals. We used SVR to predict the regular walk
steps needed between two Nodes and Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) to predict the walk steps
needed while the signal was lost in the indoor environment.

Results:

The Support vector regression (SVR) models make the locations to be available within the
specified building boundaries for proper guidance. The PDR approach supports the user while signal
loss between two Received Signal Strength Indicators (RSSI). The Pedestrian dead reckoning - Support
Vector Regression (PD-SVR) results are showing 98% accuracy in NODE predictions with routing
tables. The indoor positioning is 100% accurate with dynamic crowd-sourcing Node preparation.

Conclusion:

The results are compared with other indoor navigation models K-nearest neighbor
(KNN) and DF-SVM are given 95% accurate NODE estimation with minimal need for network components.
Thyroid Heart Disease Presenting Thyrotoxic Crisis with Jaundice
Authors: Yahya Moh. Yahya Al-Hilal , Mega Memory Rahasa Putra  , Khoirotul Ummah
Published: May 2023

Hyperthyroid can cause thyroid crisis that a rare endocrinal emergency. Jaundice in thyroid heart disease and hyperthyroid patient was very rare. This case we present a patient with thyroid heart disease presenting thyroid crisis and jaundice. A 49-year-old with complaints of shortness of breath at night accompanied by a feeling of weakness. The patient felt tremor in her upper extremity, lost weight, difficulty sleeping and easily tired in the last 2 months. She said that her eyer become yellow in color 10 days ago. On admission the vital signs are blood pressure 130/80 mm Hg, pulse 120x/min, respiration rate 24x/min, O2 saturation 80% on room air, temperature 36.8°C. Physical examination showed icteric, jugular vein pressure was +3 cm and from palpation examination found nodule ±4cm in diameter, well-defined, chewy consistency. Extremities showed tremor and edema. Electrocardiography showed atrial tachycardia and chest x-ray imaging showed cardiomegaly and minimal pleural effusion. Thyroid hormone evaluation showed increase Free T4 and decrease TSH level. Liver function test showed increase bilirubin level. Patient received Propylthiouracil 4x300 mg, Propranolol 4x20mg, normal saline 0.9% Infusion 1000ml/24 hours, Pantoprazole Injection 2x40 mg, Furosemide 10 mg/hour, Spironolactone 1x100mg, Albuforce 2x1 tab, Injection of Ceftriaxone 2x1 gr and referred to RS Soetomo, Surabaya for further treatment Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage.
Effect of Sulfuric Acid Activator in Banana Stem Activated Carbon for Fe Adsorption
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Kalimantan, Tarmidzi Fadhil Muhammad , Putri Maylina Anindita Sugiharti , Andriani Anisa Novi , Alviany Riza
Published: May 2023

Banana pseudo stem is one of a rich and inexpensive natural source of cellulose. Its value can be increased as a sustainable and ecofriendly material for activated carbon which can be used to remove Fe from raw water. Adsorption system is a suitable technology which can be used in rural area that rely on groundwater. Therefore, this study was aim to developed an activated carbon to adsorbed Fe from groundwater. Synthesis of carbon active was carried out by washing to remove sap and soluble components, drying at 105oC for 3 hours, carbonization at 400oC for 30 minutes, activation using H2SO4 or NaCl, and neutralization. This research was conducted to study the effect of activator concentration at 0.3 M; 0.5 M; and 0.7 M related to iodine number of activated carbon and its ability to adsorb Fe. Fe concentration was determined by using atomic adsorption spectroscopy (AAS). This study shows that using 0.3 M H2SO4 activator gives the best result in both terms with iodine number value 58.23 mg/g and 80.85% Fe was adsorbed.
The Effect of Electrocoagulation Voltage and Dye Initial Concentration to The Removal Percentage of Rhemazol Red RB
Authors:   Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya, Hidayanti Anisa , Afifa Ulfiana Ihda , Ismuyanto Bambang , Juliananda Juliananda
Published: May 2023

Batik industry wastewater has an adverse effect for the environment if disposed without any treatment. Wastewater of batik industry increases as production of batik industri growth. Remazol Red RB is one of the pollutant sources in batik dyeing process wastewater. The conventional method which is used for processing wastewater still has feebleness so as an innovative method wastewater treatment is needed. One ot those is electrocoagulation. Electrocoagulation is colloidal destabilization through an electrochemical process. This electrocoagulation carried out by varying electrical voltages and initial concentration of dyes. Electrical voltages are varied at 10 volt, 15 volt, 20 volt, and 25 volt, initial concentration are 100 ppm, 150 ppm, 200 ppm, and 250 ppm. Percent removal measured for determining the effect of electrical voltage and initial concentration. decreasing dyes color is measured using spectrophotometer UV-Vis. Electrocoagulation process uses aluminum as anode and iron as cathode which is arranged in monopolar series configuration. The wastewater is 200 mL in volume and the process was taken in 60 minutes. Result showed that both of electrical and initial concentration affect percent removal of synthetic wastewater dyes. The best electrical voltage and initial concentration are 25 volt and 100 ppm with percent removal obtained is 99,80% for 10 minutes electrocoagulation.
De culturele identificatieproblematiek in het nederlandstalig politiek en wetenschappelijk discours: sociologische analyse van een reductionistisch vertoog
Authors: Louckx Freddy
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this paper is to formulate a number of critical reflections about the way in which the Dutch ethnolinguistic identification problem is currently approached. That approach gradually claims the authority of self-evidence, so that fewer questions are asked as to the presuppositions and mental frames which are often unconsciously adopted. Not only does this seem disadvantageous to a better understanding of the problem, but it can also exert a detrimental influence on the possibility of solving similar problems, since alternative policies are hampered, right from the start by a stereotype approach. Attention is paid primarily to the way in which Dutch-speaking cultural identification is formulated in the course of the political discourse. Conspicious are, apart from the frequent use of concepts such as the Flemish "nature", the Flemish "identity" or the Flemish "character", the static and over-simplified opposition of the conscious to the unconscious Fleming and the strong accent on the importance of the assigned linguistic - ethnical group. Such political statements share the view of a structurally determined image of the active individual. It is striking however, that the scarce sociological thinking on the Dutch speaking linguistic - ethnical identification process suffers from the same disease. From a short discription of L. Huyse’s and A. Roosens' work it becomes evident that neither the paradigm of "pacification-democracy" (in the broad sense) nor the paradigm of "class-analyses" conclusively answers the fundamental question of how the ethnical dimension is experienced by the population itself. An alternative and new approach to ethnolinguistic problems thus imposes itself. The last part of this report offers a number of elements that could contribute to the start of such an alternative approach. To this end, an extensive use of the most recent sociological literature in the fields of ethnic relations was made. The final result does not only aim at a broader discussion of the Belgian "community" problem but it also asks some pressing questions about the role of sociology in that discussions.
Het groene ongenoegen
Authors: Lauwers Jan
Published: May 2023

De milieubeweging is slechts een uiting van het huidige ongenoegen over de verzorgingsstaat. Ze illustreert de systematische tegenstelling die in de moderne maatschappijen ontstaan is tussen de particuliere belangen van de burgers in een concrete omgeving enerzijds en het zogenaamd algemeen belang dat door de verzorgende apparaten gediend wordt, anderzijds. Deze systematische tegenstelling, zo wordt betoogd, is te wijten aan drie grote blindheden van de huidige verzorgingsstaat; ten eerste zijn simplisme, de te gemakkelijke verleiding van problemen tot wat men met de bestaande beheersingstechnieken aankan; ten tweede zijn ruimteloosheid, de verwaarlozing van andere ruimtelijke integratieniveau's dan de centrale staat; ten derde zijn administratieve casuïstiek, waardoor de complexiteit van de dagelijkse leefwereld genegeerd wordt en weerbarstigheid wordt uitgelokt. Deze blindheden kunnen slechts overwonnen worden door de ontwikkeling van een ecologisch integratieprincipe. Dit veronderstelt ten eerste meer empirische kennis over de ecologische structuren van verschillende ruimtelijke omgevingen of sociale biotopen. Ten tweede moeten er beslissingsstructuren ontwikkeld worden die de integratie op elk ruimtelijk niveau bevorderen en die de mobilisatieprocessen binnen deze ruimtes kunnen sturen. Inspraakacties kunnen beschouwd worden als spontane therapeutische praktijken, waardoor nieuwe horizontale relaties bevorderd worden, en een grotere integratie binnen de betreffende sociale ruimte bereikt wordt.
Nieuwe sociale bewegingen en de verzorgingsstaat
Authors: De Geest A.
Published: May 2023

De relatie tussen de verzorgingsstaat en de nieuwe sociale bewegingen wordt belicht vanuit drie oogpunten. Ten eerste wordt gesteld dat door de uitbreiding van de verzorgingsstaat een aantal nieuwe sociale problemen werden veroorzaakt, die aan de basis liggen van het ontstaan van gefragmenteerd optredende nieuwe sociale bewegingen. Ten tweede wordt de ideologie van deze bewegingen t.o.v. de verzorgingsstaat als defensief omschreven. Dit wordt verklaard door het feit dat zij vooral gedragen worden door leden van een nieuwe middenklasse. Tenslotte wordt nagegaan welke de reactie was van de overheid op het opkomen van nieuwe sociale bewegingen en welk strategisch scenario zij in een crisisperiode schijnt te zullen volgen. Een aantal taken van de verzorgingsstaat zouden overgedragen worden aan lokaal optredende sociale bewegingen, terwijl de overheid het globaal welzijnsaanbod kan inkrimpen zonder al te veel legitimatieproblemen.
De vakbeweging als actor bij automatisering
Authors: Van der Hallen Peter
Published: May 2023

Automatisering wordt meer en meer begrepen als een proces dat gedragen wordt door actoren. Het weze daarom interessant de positie te bekijken van de vakbeweging als actor. Gezien de technologische vernieuwing voor de werknemers zowel een uitdaging als een bedreiging vormt, eist de vakbeweging een doorslaggevende werknemersstem in de automatiseringsbeslissing. Van Gelder van de FNV werkte een modelvoorstel tot werknemers/vakbondsparticipatie uit. Dit model wordt in dit artikel als uitgangspunt genomen om de technologieakkoorden afgesloten in België en enkele andere Europese landen te benaderen. In hoeverre laten zij zulke betrokkenheid van werknemers/vakbond toe? In hoeverre garanderen ze mogelijkheden daartoe? Een analyse van technologieakkoorden in België, Dutisland, Groot-Brittannië, Zweden en Noorwegen wijst uit dat enkel in deze laatste twee landen mogelijkheden voorzien zijn tot vergaande participatie in de richting van het geschetste model. Benadrukt wordt eveneens dat de keuze voor zulk model ook probleemsituaties met zich brengt voor de uitbouw van organisatie en optreden van de vakbond binnen het bedrijf.
De diocesane priester- en pastorale raden: enkele kritische bedenkingen
Authors: Voyé Liliane
Published: May 2023

In answer to Vatican II’s explicit concern to see priests and laity take an active part in carrying out pastoral work on local levels, all Belgian dioceses quickly set up their Presbyterial and Pastoral Councils (representing the priesthood and laity respectively). The procedures for setting these up and the ways in which their members were selected, which at the start was generally meant to be very democratic, rapidly moved further and further away from this ideal. Moreover, as no rule determined the respective attributions to the Presbyterial and the Pastoral Councils, most of the time the same themes are to be found in their work. The priest, the new Church structures, the catechesis of the sacraments are the dominant themes in 'the Presbyterial Councils, while the Pastoral Councils are nevertheless more concerned with the deepening of faith, christian identity, the relations between the Church and politics, and solidarity with the least advantaged. Both are concerned to the same extent about the disinvolvement of young people. We can moreover observe that the Frenchspeaking Pastoral Councils tend to base their thought on a critical reading of society, while the Flemish-speaking Pastoral Councils refer primarily to faith. This must all be set against the background of a basic predicament which runs through all these councils: the uncertainty and dissatisfaction aroused in most of their members by the feeling that they do not have an impact on the decisions. This can be explained by the characteristics of the context in, which these Councils were born, and which made people expect more from them than what their very definition as "Consultative Councils" entitled one to see in them.
Demografische verschuivingen en de evolutie van waardenpatronen in de europese gemeenschap.
Authors: Lesthaeghe Ron , Meekers Dominique
Published: May 2023

Het artikel illustreert dat de recette evolutie inzake gezinsvorming niet enkel in een belangrijke mate bepaald wordt door economische veranderingen (inzonderheid deze met betrekking tot de tewerkstellingsmogelijkheden) maar ook door waardenverschuiving. Economische factoren zouden vooral verantwoordelijk zijn voor periode-effecten die bovenop een lange-termijn trend zijn ge6nt. Deze laatste zou overeenkomen met cohorten-verschuivingen inzake waarden. Het Europees waarden-onderzoek verschaft het empirisch materiaal. Als afhankelijke veranderlijke komen vooral twee dimensies aan de orde: de tolerantiegraad ten aanzien van non-conformisme (tolerantie echtscheiding, abortus, één-ouder gezin, betekenis huwelijk) en de betekenis van ouderschap, Deze worden in verband gebracht met diverse waardenschalen (religiositeit en secularisme, Ingleharts "post-materialisme", nationalisme, linkse politieke voorkeur, afkeer politieke extremismen, tolerantie andersdenkenden en minoriteiten, sociaal engagement, etc.). Vorder worden banden gelegd en getoetst met de theorieën van respectievelijk Easterlin en Simons. De eerste verklaart de terugloop in de vruchtbaarheid door de verzwakking van de economische kansen van de jongere generaties in vergelijking met hun hoge materiële aspiraties. De tweede bindt vruchtbaarheid aan het concept van de "burgerlijke religie" en aan de mate van nationalisme.
De vorming van coalities in de Belgische gemeenten
Authors: Boute Serge
Published: May 2023

Dit artikel bestudeert de toepassing van formele modellen van coalitievorming, en in het bijzonder van modellen analoog met dat van Taylor en Laver, met betrekking tot de vorming van gemeentelijke coalities na de verkiezingen van 1976 in België. Een nieuwe statistische test, die een aantal Problemen van de klassieke test van Hokken vermijdt, wordt gebruikt om de diverse getootste modellen te evalueren. Onze resultaten bevestigen deze van De Swaan en van Taylor en Laver, met betrekking tot de vorming van nationale coalities, niet. Enerzijds zijn de ideologische preferenties van de partijen duidelijk minder determinerend voor een lokale dan voor een nationale coalitie. Anderzijds behalen theorieën die geen rekening houden met ideologische criteria goede resultaten voor lokale coalities, terwijl voor nationale coalities de resultaten van die theorieën niet significant zijn.
Beleidsonderzoek in het spanningsveld tussen kennisvergaring en kennistoepassing: ontwerpen van toegepast onderzoek
Authors: Hutjes J.M.
Published: May 2023

In een eerder artikel (Sociologisch Jaarboek, 1975) constateerden we dat een kritische bezinning noodzakelijk is ten aanzien van het evenwicht tussen enerzijds de bij beleid en maatschappij met betrekking tot het beleidsonderzoek bestaande verwachtingen en anderzijds de daarin te hanteren wetenschappelijke standaarden. In dit artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van de belangrijkste ontwikkelingen in de laatste 15 jaar op het gebied van de toegepaste onderzoeksmethodologie. Er is sprake van een toenemende diversificatie, gericht op verschillende typen van vraagstellingen (maatschappelijke problemen, het beleidsontwerp en de beleidsimplementatie), van soorten kennisproducten (in de zin van probleemdiagnose, evaluatie-onderzoek en toekomstonderzoek), van wetenschappelijke benaderingen (meer kwantitatief en kwalitatief) alsmede van implementatiestrategieën (kennisgerichte disseminatie, advisering en procesbegeleiding). Door deze diversificatie in de toegepaste onderzoeksmethodologie kan een meer evenwichtig antwoord op bovengestelde vraag worden gegeven.
Nieuwe technologieën en arbeidsflexibilisering: verslag van een empirisch onderzoek in de Vlaamse industrie
Authors: Van Hootegem Geert
Published: May 2023

Het onderzoek “Nieuwe technologieën, nieuwe vormen van arbeidsorganisatie, nieuwe vormen van arbeidsverhoudingen?”, werd opgezet om de flexibilisering van de arbeid in kaart te brengen. Er werden twintig Vlaamse bedrijven uit drie sectoren in het onderzoek betrokken. In eerste instantie werd nagegaan hoe fundamenteel de ontwikkelingen inzake functionele flexibiliteit zijn. Er werd vastgesteld dat er zich belangrijke verschuivingen voordoen maar dat de verspreiding van nieuwe arbeidsorganisatorische paradigma's beperkter is dan algemeen wordt aangenomen. Een groot aantal bedrijven blijft zweren bij de Tayloristisch-Fordistische arbeidsorganisatiepatronen. Meer-machinebediening en taakroulatie zijn wel veelvuldig voorkomende tendensen. Inzake numerieke flexibiliteit werd een onderscheid gemaakt tussen temporels en contractuele flexibiliteit. Temporels flexibiliteit wordt bekomen door een loskoppeling van arbeids- en produktietijd. Bijna alle bedrijven maken van deze mogelijkheid gebruik, maar de gradatie verschilt sterk van bedrijf tot bedrijf. De situatie op de afzetmarkt blijkt hierbij een cruciale rol te spelen. Contractuele flexibiliteit kan bekomen worden door variaties in het aantal en de aard van de arbeidsovereenkomsten. Het is op vallend dat er enerzijds bedrijven zijn die niet schommelen met het aantal werknemers, terwijl contractuele flexibiliteit een constante is in het personeelsbeleid van andere bedrijven. Wanneer de drie flexibiliteitsvormen aan elkaar gerelateerd worden, dan wordt een toenemende segmentering tussen hoog en laag geschoolden zichtbaar.
Verkiezingen in Antwerpen: het Vlaams Blok, Islamitische minderheden en kansarmoede
Authors: Swyngedouw Marc
Published: May 2023

Sinds de gemeenteraadsverkiezingen van 1982 wint het extreem rechtse Vlaams Blok in aanhang binnen de stad Antwerpen (21,06% bij de Europese verkiezingen van 1989). Voor het district Antwerpen wordt nagegaan, aan de hand van multivariate correspondentie-analyse, of er een verschil vast te stellen is in de relatieve verdeling van de stemmen over de verschillende partijen tussen de verschalende wijken. Eveneens wordt nagegaan of die relatieve verdeling per wijk tussen de opeenvolgende verkiezingen, meer bepaald 1985-87, 1987-88, 1987-1989, gewijzigd is en in welke mate. Hit deze analyse komt naar voor dat de verkiezingsuitslag van een aantal wijken gekarakteriseerd kan worden als een typisch door het Vlaams Blok bepaalde uitslag. Vastgesteld wordt dat de aan- of afwezigheid van zgn. 'gastarbeiders ' niet als de exclusief verklarende variabele kon worden aangevoerd, maar wel een algemene situatie van kansarmoede die de wijken gekarakteriseerd door een Vlaams-Blok-verkiezingsuitslag kenmerken. Uit de opeenvolgende analyses blijkt eveneens dat het Vlaams Blok sinds de verkiezingen van 1988 eveneens aan aanhang wint in de beter gesitueerde FVV-wijken en nog sterker in de traditionele SP-bolwerken (-5 tot -10%). Eveneens wordt vastgesteld dat de twee winnende partijen Agalev en Vlaams Blok, die een sterke profilering doorvoerden t.a.v. de zgn. 'gastarbeiderproblematiek', respectievelijk pro-integratie versus uitwijzing, vooruitgang boeken in verschillende stadswijken.
Sociale ongelijkheid en gezondheid
Authors: Polus Chris , Louckx Freddy
Published: May 2023

In onderhavig artikel wordt op basis van recent Belgisch en Nederlands onderzoeksmateriaal de ongelijke verdeling van gezondheid, ziekte en sterfte bestudeerd. Gezondheidsverschillen worden eerst bekeken vanuit de optiek van enkele algemeen sociale categorieën. Vervolgens wordt gezocht naar de invloed van ongelijkheid in bezit en macht. Hieruit blijkt overtuigend dat lagere socio-economische categorieën er qua gezondheid beduidend slechter aan toe zijn dan hogere. Deze sociaal-structurele variabelen blijken bovendien een belangrijk deel van de eerder geconstateerde verschillen op basis van algemeen sociale variabelen te kunnen verklaren. Bij het zoeken naar ver klaringen voor gezondheidsverschillen wordt vooraf stil gestaan bij een aantal mogelijke schijnrelaties en artefacts. Een nadere literatuurstudie toont aan dat zowel de gezondheidsselectie-hypothese, die trouwens recent terug aan belang wint, als de sociale oorzaken-hypothese elk op zich een statische en eenzijdige benadering van de problematiek bieden. Toekomstig onderzoek naar sociaal-economische gezondheidsverschillen kan enkel tot zinvolle conclusies leiden indien geopteerd wordt voor een geïntegreerde en dynamische benadering.
Groepsgerichtheid en prestatiemotivatie bij Turkse migrantenjongeren
Authors: Phalet Karen
Published: May 2023

Mislukking van Turkse migrantenjongeren op school wordt vaak toegeschreven aan culturele waardenverschillen : de traditionele Turkse cultuur zou groepsgericht zijn en individuele prestaties ontmoedigen. Om de psychologische betekenis van groepsgerichtheid en prestatiemotivatie bij Turkse migrantenjongeren te onderzoeken, werden hun motivationele keuzen in belangrijke levensdomeinen vergeleken met de keuzen van Belgische jongeren en Turkse jongeren in Turkije, rekening houdend met sociale klasse. Vanuit onze interesse in cultuurverandering en sociale mobiliteit, werden Turkse migrantenjongeren vergeleken met moderne Turkse jongeren in Istanbul. Cross-cultureel werden motivationele conflicten gevonden tussen groepsloyaliteit en autonomie en tussen individuele prestatie en sociaal contact. Voorkeur voorgroepsloyaliteit samen met individuele prestatie in het Turkse werkethos toonde een synthese aan van groepsgerichte en individualistische waarden. Vanuit het Turkse werkethos wordt een sociale-promotiemodel voorgesteld voor Turkse migrantenjongeren.