bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serious Game for Change in Behavioral Intention Toward Lifestyle-Related Diseases: Experimental Study With Structural Equation Modeling Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (Preprint)
Authors: Egashira Mahiro , Son Daisuke , Ema Arisa
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Health activities should be tailored to individual lifestyles and values. To raise awareness of health behaviors, various practices related to health education, such as interactive activities among individuals with different backgrounds, have been developed. Moreover, serious games have been used as a tool for facilitating communication. However, there have been few investigations that are based on the framework of the theory of planned behavior on the mechanisms of health-related behavioral intention change from playing serious games.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate the mechanisms of behavioral intention change among various age groups after an intervention using a serious game to increase awareness of lifestyle-related diseases.

METHODS

Adults, undergraduates, and high school students played a serious game, called Negotiation Battle, and answered a questionnaire—Gaming Event Assessment Form for Lifestyle-related Diseases—before, immediately after, and 2-4 weeks after the game. The questionnaire was composed of 16 items based on the theory of planned behavior. We used structural equation modeling to compare responses from the 3 groups.

RESULTS

For all 3 age groups (adults: mean 43.4 years, range 23-67 years; undergraduates: mean 20.9 years, range 19-34 years; high school students: mean 17.9 years, 17-18 years), perceived behavior control was the key factor of behavioral intention change. Immediately after the game, causal relationships between perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention were enhanced or maintained for all groups—adults (before: path coefficient 1.030, P<.001; after: path coefficient 2.045, P=.01), undergraduates (before: path coefficient 0.568, P=.004; after: path coefficient 0.737, P=.001), and high school students (before: path coefficient 14.543, P=.97; after: path coefficient 0.791, P<.001). Analysis of free descriptions after intervention suggested that experiencing dilemma is related to learning and behavioral intention.

CONCLUSIONS

The study revealed that the serious game changed the behavioral intention of adolescents and adults regarding lifestyle-related diseases, and changes in perceived behavioral control mediated the alteration mechanism.
Difficulty Regulating Social Media Content of Age-Restricted Products: Comparing JUUL’s Official Twitter Timeline and Social Media Content About JUUL (Preprint)
Authors: Valdez Danny , Unger Jennifer B
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

In 2018, JUUL Labs Inc, a popular e-cigarette manufacturer, announced it would substantially limit its social media presence in compliance with the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) call to curb underage e-cigarette use. However, shortly after the announcement, a series of JUUL-related hashtags emerged on various social media platforms, calling the effectiveness of the FDA’s regulations into question.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to determine whether hashtags remain a common venue to market age-restricted products on social media.

METHODS

We used Twitter’s standard application programming interface to download the 3200 most-recent tweets originating from JUUL Labs Inc’s official Twitter Account (@JUULVapor), and a series of tweets (n=28,989) from other Twitter users containing either #JUUL or mentioned JUUL in the tweet text. We ran exploratory (10×10) and iterative Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic models to compare @JUULVapor’s content versus our hashtag corpus. We qualitatively deliberated topic meanings and substantiated our interpretations with tweets from either corpus.

RESULTS

The topic models generated for @JUULVapor’s timeline seemingly alluded to compliance with the FDA’s call to prohibit marketing of age-restricted products on social media. However, the topic models generated for the hashtag corpus of tweets from other Twitter users contained several references to flavors, vaping paraphernalia, and illicit drugs, which may be appealing to younger audiences.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings underscore the complicated nature of social media regulation. Although JUUL Labs Inc seemingly complied with the FDA to limit its social media presence, JUUL and other e-cigarette manufacturers are still discussed openly in social media spaces. Much discourse about JUUL and e-cigarettes is spread via hashtags, which allow messages to reach a wide audience quickly. This suggests that social media regulations on manufacturers cannot prevent e-cigarette users, influencers, or marketers from spreading information about e-cigarette attributes that appeal to the youth, such as flavors. Stricter protocols are needed to regulate discourse about age-restricted products on social media.
An Automated Line-of-Therapy Algorithm for Adults With Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Validation Study Using Blinded Manual Chart Review (Preprint)
Authors: Meng Weilin , Mosesso Kelly M , Lane Kathleen A , Roberts Anna R , Griffith Ashley , Ou Wanmei , Dexter Paul R
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Extraction of line-of-therapy (LOT) information from electronic health record and claims data is essential for determining longitudinal changes in systemic anticancer therapy in real-world clinical settings.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this retrospective cohort analysis is to validate and refine our previously described open-source LOT algorithm by comparing the output of the algorithm with results obtained through blinded manual chart review.

METHODS

We used structured electronic health record data and clinical documents to identify 500 adult patients treated for metastatic non–small cell lung cancer with systemic anticancer therapy from 2011 to mid-2018; we assigned patients to training (n=350) and test (n=150) cohorts, randomly divided proportional to the overall ratio of simple:complex cases (n=254:246). Simple cases were patients who received one LOT and no maintenance therapy; complex cases were patients who received more than one LOT and/or maintenance therapy. Algorithmic changes were performed using the training cohort data, after which the refined algorithm was evaluated against the test cohort.

RESULTS

For simple cases, 16 instances of discordance between the LOT algorithm and chart review prerefinement were reduced to 8 instances postrefinement; in the test cohort, there was no discordance between algorithm and chart review. For complex cases, algorithm refinement reduced the discordance from 68 to 62 instances, with 37 instances in the test cohort. The percentage agreement between LOT algorithm output and chart review for patients who received one LOT was 89% prerefinement, 93% postrefinement, and 93% for the test cohort, whereas the likelihood of precise matching between algorithm output and chart review decreased with an increasing number of unique regimens. Several areas of discordance that arose from differing definitions of LOTs and maintenance therapy could not be objectively resolved because of a lack of precise definitions in the medical literature.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings identify common sources of discordance between the LOT algorithm and clinician documentation, providing the possibility of targeted algorithm refinement.
Adherence to Telemonitoring Therapy for Medicaid Patients With Hypertension: Case Study (Preprint)
Authors: Park Sulki , Kum Hye-Chung , Morrisey Michael A , Zheng Qi , Lawley Mark A
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Almost 50% of the adults in the United States have hypertension. Although clinical trials indicate that home blood pressure monitoring can be effective in managing hypertension, the reported results might not materialize in practice because of patient adherence problems.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of this study are to characterize the adherence of Medicaid patients with hypertension to daily telemonitoring, identify the impacts of adherence reminder calls, and investigate associations with blood pressure control.

METHODS

This study targeted Medicaid patients with hypertension from the state of Texas. A total of 180 days of blood pressure and pulse data in 2016-2018 from a telemonitoring company were analyzed for mean transmission rate and mean blood pressure change. The first 30 days of data were excluded because of startup effects. The protocols required the patients to transmit readings by a specified time daily. Patients not transmitting their readings received an adherence reminder call to troubleshoot problems and encourage transmission. The patients were classified into adherent and nonadherent cohorts; adherent patients were those who transmitted data on at least 80% of the days.

RESULTS

The mean patient age was 73.2 (SD 11.7) years. Of the 823 patients, 536 (65.1%) were women, and 660 (80.2%) were urban residents. The adherent cohort (475/823, 57.7%) had mean transmission rates of 74.9% before the adherence reminder call and 91.3% after the call, whereas the nonadherent cohort (348/823, 42.3%) had mean transmission rates of 39% and 58% before and after the call, respectively. From month 1 to month 5, the transmission rates dropped by 1.9% and 10.2% for the adherent and nonadherent cohorts, respectively. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure values improved by an average of 2.2 and 0.7 mm Hg (P<.001 and P=.004), respectively, for the adherent cohort during the study period, whereas only the systolic blood pressure value improved by an average of 1.6 mm Hg (P=.02) for the nonadherent cohort.

CONCLUSIONS

Although we found that patients can achieve high levels of adherence, many experience adherence problems. Although adherence reminder calls help, they may not be sufficient. Telemonitoring lowered blood pressure, as has been observed in clinical trials. Furthermore, blood pressure control was positively associated with adherence.
Correction: Associations Between Digital Health Intervention Engagement, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Mclaughlin Matthew , Delaney Tessa , Hall Alix , Byaruhanga Judith , Mackie Paul , Grady Alice , Reilly Kathryn , Campbell Elizabeth , Sutherland Rachel , Wiggers John , Wolfenden Luke
Published: March 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

REMOVE
К 90-ЛЕТИЮ АКЦИОНЕРНОГО ОБЩЕСТВА «ПЛУТОН». ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ АО «ПЛУТОН»
Authors: Климов Ю.Н. , Поляков Ю.В.
Published: March 2021

В статье рассмотрены основные достижения и перспективы развития АО «Плутон» как одного из ведущих предприятий радиоэлектронной промышленности Российской Федерации.
РАЗВИВАТЬ ИНЖЕНЕРНОЕ ДЕЛО
Authors: Федоров И.Ю.
Published: March 2021

В работе обсуждаются особенности российского инженерного образования, его проблемы и пути их решения.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ ИСТОЧНИКИ ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ ДЛЯ КРУПНОГАБАРИТНЫХ ИМИТАТОРОВ СОЛНЕЧНОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Нестеров С.Б. , Филатов А.А.
Published: March 2021

Рассматривается использование унифицированных ламповых модулей для построения и модернизации имитаторов солнечного излучения. На основе анализа уже существующих имитаторов солнечного излучения, требующих модернизации, а также новых перспективных имитаторов показано, что практически для всех случаев достаточно двух унифицированных типов ламповых модулей мощностью 5-7 и 25-30 кВт. Ламповые модули 5-7 кВт востребованы главным образом для модернизации имитаторов, находящихся в эксплуатации с 70-х годов, а также новых имитаторов с небольшими размерами пятен порядка нескольких квадратных метров. Ламповые модули 25-30 кВт являются незаменимой элементной базой для создания крупногабаритных имитаторов с размерами пятен в десятки квадратных метров и высокой объемной равномерностью светового потока. Предлагаемый способ композиции светооптических схем существенно удешевляет как модернизацию существующих имитаторов, так и создание новых. Также обсуждается вопрос построения имитаторов солнечного излучения на основе маломощных ксеноновых ламп ~50 Вт и светодиодных матриц.
КОНЦЕПЦИЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ ПАРАЛЛЕЛЬНОЙ РАЗРАБОТКИ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ, ЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ И ПРОГРАММНЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ ВАКУУМНОГО ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ
Authors: Рябов В.Т.
Published: March 2021

Изложена концепция анализа и увязки материальных, энергетических и информационных потоков, связывающих различные элементы и системы оборудования, позволяющая на ранних этапах проектирования поставить четкие технические предложения на дальнейшую согласованную проработку аппаратной части и программного обеспечения.
СТАБИЛЬНОСТЬ ПРИМЕСЬ-ГЕЛИЕВЫХ НАНОКЛАСТЕРОВ
Authors: Ефимов В.Б. , Межов-Деглин Л.П.
Published: March 2021

При экспериментальном изучении рассеяния нейтронов на нанокластерных образцах примесь-гелиевых гелей было показано, что распад образцов происходит в три фазы: в первой в среде жидкого гелия может происходить распад крупных наночастиц на более мелкие; во второй фазе после испарения жидкого гелия из рабочей ампулы происходит оседание примесного каркаса и уплотнение нижней части образца; в третьей фазе при более высоких температурах, которые в 2-4 раз ниже температуры плавления примесной основы каркаса, происходят полное разрушение образца и образование аморфного порошка.
LOGIKA FUZZY MENENTUKAN JUMLAH PRODUKSI BERDASARKAN PERSEDIAAN DAN JUMLAH PERMINTAAN
Authors: Yenni Yusli
Published: March 2021

The complicated to determine total of product will be production with stock, make the process of decision be slowly. The purpose of this research for implementated fuzzy logic Mamdani method for determine the total of production basis on the total of stock and the total of request at OSI Electronics Batam, Corp and description of accuracy level. The first process analyze the corporation data with total 12 data start from January – December 2015. The data will be processed using MATLAB application with first step is fuzzyfication defene the membership function. There are 2 information as fuzzy input request and stock and will be processed using triangle and trapezoid membership function. Next step is implicated all rules and this research using 26 rules, rule compositions and the last step is defuzzyfication using bisector method. The accuracy using fuzzy logic that was built were  91,67% and error 9,37%.
IMPLEMENTASI LOGIKA FUZZY DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE MAMDANI UNTUK MENENTUKAN PENERIMAAN BEASISWA DARI YAYASAN RUMAH ZAKAT
Authors: Luthan Nanda
Published: March 2021

the scholarship is an educational assistance provided by an institution or non agency, agencies that are given to students who are top achievers or less capable in order to support the students ' learning process. Rumah zakat is one of the agencies that provide assistance or scholarship for school students in Batam city, for this process, there is no special way or mathematical calculations used this process for Rumah zakat, thus allowing the scholarship is not right on targetMamdani fuzzy logic is fuzzy logic by using a function, Mamdani method can be implemented in the decision-making, as do determine the selection of scholarship recipients, by implementing fuzzy logic for the selection process for the scholarship recipients, then the results obtained will be more precisely targeted, because the process is generated based on calculation mathematically.
Na gigantesca floresta de metais: o Engenho Central São Pedro do Pindaré e os debates sobre a lavoura maranhense no século XIX
Authors: Nunes Francivaldo Alves
Published: March 2021

Este artigo recupera os debates que envolveram políticos, lavradores e intelectuais sobre o processo de implantação do engenho central de São Pedro, localizado no vale do rio Pindaré, província do Maranhão, nas últimas décadas do século XIX. A partir dos registros deixados em relatórios governamentais de ministros e presidentes de províncias, dos debates produzidos por deputados, dos anúncios e matérias presentes em jornais e almanaques, procuramos compreender esse momento, que tem na implantação destes novos empreendimento, ação importante para defesa dos interesses dos grandes proprietários de terra e comerciantes.
Ofícios mecânicos e a câmara: regulamentação e controle na Vila Real de Sabará (1735-1829)
Authors: Machado Pereira de Oliveira Torres Ludmila
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo é fruto da pesquisa desenvolvida no mestrado cujo tema trabalhado foi cotidiano dos oficiais mecânicos na Vila Real de Sabará, durante os anos de 1735 a 1829. Abordamos aqui a regulamentação do trabalho mecânico, realizado pela câmara da vila, discutindo com a historiografia a eficiência ou não de seu controle. Na Capitania de Minas Gerais, devido à inexistência de corporações de ofícios, a câmara assume a função de regulamentar o trabalho mecânico, através da realização de exames, eleições de juízes de ofício, tabelamento de preços, além de conceder licenças. Dessa forma, analisaremos a partir dos livros de registros de licença, provisões e exames de ofícios como se deu está regulamentação em Sabará.
Arranjos eleitorais no processo de eleições em Minas Gerais na década de 1860
Authors: Saldanha Michel
Published: March 2021

Este artigo analisa as eleições ocorridas na província de Minas Gerais na década de 1860. A hipótese defendida é que o processo eleitoral era realizado não apenas mediante os aspectos formais, como também através de seus aspectos informais. E, portanto, concentraremos nos aspectos informais das eleições que desenvolviam-se em torno dos arranjos traçados para a vitória nas urnas, tais como a formação de chapas eleitorais, a aproximação entre dirigentes e votantes, e desvios das regras formais.
A revolta dos matutos: entre o medo da escravização e as ameaças dos “republiqueiros” (Pernambuco-1838)
Authors: Cavalcanti Junior Manoel Nunes
Published: March 2021

Nos primeiros meses do ano de 1838 ocorreu uma série de eventos em comarcas do interior da província de Pernambuco. O que havia em comum entre eles era a resistência ao recrutamento para 1ª Linha do Exército justificada por um boato de escravização de homens livres. O objetivo deste artigo é resgatar a história daquela revolta, buscando analisá-la a partir das disputas políticas que enfrentavam o Império e, em especial, Pernambuco.
Ciências Naturais, História e os Recursos Minerais no Ceará Colonial (1750-1822)
Authors: Silva Marilda Santana , Cavalcanti José Adilson Dias
Published: March 2021

Resumo: Na segunda metade do século XVIII a História Natural em Portugal sofreu profundas transformações. Neste período, a Coroa portuguesa passou a investir com mais intensidade na área das Ciências Naturais e pesquisas sobre a fauna, a flora e os recursos hídricos e minerais de Portugal e das suas colônias do além-mar. Nosso estudo analisou as atividades de pesquisa e possibilidades de extração mineral na capitania do Ceará, que pertencia as Capitanias do Norte da América portuguesa e apontou que a extração mineral no Ceará possibilitou o aproveitamento econômico de inúmeras porções de terras áridas, que recobriam grande parte do território do interior desta capitania.
Crítica da razão negra e a introdução ao pensamento decolonial
Authors: Rios Martins Ana Luiza
Published: March 2021

Achille Mbembe considera urgente debater a razão negra e retomar o diálogo sobre o conjunto de disputas acerca das regras de definição do negro e da problemática da raça. Para o autor, não há colonialismo que não esteja vinculado a uma forte dose de racismo estrutural. Nesse sentido, interessa compreender que, como consequência direta desta lógica dominante, o negro e a raça viraram sinônimos no imaginário das sociedades europeias.
“Muitas vezes é mais cômodo conviver com uma falsa verdade do que modificar a realidade”
Authors: Soares Filipe
Published: March 2021

Resenha do Livro Sobre o Autoritarismo Brasileiro. Na discussão, proponho uma interlocução com a autora, onde valorizo a importância e atualidade do tema. No texto são recuperados os principais argumentos, sem, contudo, deixar que sejam feitas as críticas necessárias à abordagem presente no livro.SCHWARCZ, Lilia Moritz. Sobre o autoritarismo brasileiro. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2019.
Determination of technical and operating performance of road machines based on analysis of the scope of work
Authors:   Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Grushetsky S.M. , Evtyukov S.A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Repin S.V. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Kuznecov A.A. ,   Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: March 2021

Performance of road cars is criterion which connects all stages of life cycle of the road and life cycle of road cars. To ensure the life cycle of roads and the life cycle of road machines, at least three conditions must be fulfilled: the completion of the necessary volumes of pre-construction work on time; Maintenance of road machines at the level enabling them to perform technical tasks; The quality of the scope of work should meet the requirements. Thus, one of the objectives of the work carried out was to study the relationship between the volumes of work carried out by road machines while ensuring the life cycle of roads and the stages of the life cycle of road machines through their performance. The purpose of this article is to show how the technical, operational planned (necessary) and actual performance of road machines was determined when working at specific facilities during the experiment.
Epistemological Foundations of the Digital Technologies Used in Agriculture in Siberia
Authors: Alt V. V. , Chekusov M. S. , Isakova S. P. , Balushkina E. A.
Published: March 2021

The authors substantiated the necessity for an epistemological approach to determining the main messages in the digitalization application by agricultural producers, taking into account natural and climatic, commodity-production and social factors.

(Research purpose) To formulate the main messages when applying digital technologies in agricultural production, which determine epistemological approaches to their systematic use and allow increasing grain production by 2-3 times on the example of JSC Sokolovo.

(Materials and methods) The authors applied a system analysis to agricultural production objects as to information field when describing them in the information space.

(Results and discussion) The authors found that agricultural production objects were in an objective multiplicative relationship. Based on the results, a communication scheme between objects in agro-industrial production, reflecting their dialectical commonality was developed. They presented production objects as a resource characterized by a certain set of parameters and values. They showed the multiplicative nature of the resources relationship, describing the nature of the dependence by the method of passage to the limit. The authors identified general information requirements for solving the agriculture problems, crop production and for the means of processing this information in the amount of more than 2 petaflops. They established the necessary resolution for managing technical processes - less than 3 centimeters.

(Conclusions) The authors proposed a paradigm for information support of technological processes in agricultural production. They confirmed the legitimacy of this approach to the paradigm formation by creating more than 20 databases. They gave examples of increasing the efficiency of grain production in the Novosibirsk region. The epistemological principles were based on the formulated six messages of information digital technologies, which made it possible to use them in more than 247 520 different combinations and apply to the whole farms variety, depending on their capabilities and desires.
Mechanism Operation for Changing the Rear Axle Clearance of a Universal Row-crop Tractor
Authors: Akhmetov A. A. , Akhmedov Sh. A. , Astanov B. Zh. , Kambarova D. U. , Botirov R. M.
Published: March 2021

The authors noted the disadvantages of the 3-wheel universal row-crop tractor. To eliminate them, LLC Design and Technological Center for Agricultural Engineering developed a 4-wheel universal row-crop tractor with variable ground clearance.

(Research purpose) To determine the pressure change in the hydraulic system and the transfer time of the rear axle from one type of clearance to another.

(Materials and methods) The authors showed that the rear axle clearance could be changed using a special mechanism - with minimal labor costs, without the use of lifting equipment and assembly and dismantling works. They explained that the mechanism was driven by a working hydraulic cylinder. The experiments were carried out on a prototype tractor with adjustable ground clearance, equipped with a separate-aggregate hinged system at an engine speed of 1200-2000 rpm (revolutions per minute). M10G2K oil was used in the hydraulic system, heating it to 65 degrees Celsius (at an ambient temperature of 33-35 degrees Celsius).

(Results and discussion) The hydraulic system consisted of an NSh-32 hydraulic pump, a P80 hydraulic valve, two Ts50-200 working hydraulic cylinders, a double-acting hydraulic lock, a hydraulic tank, filters, hoses and high pressure pipes. At the inlet and outlet channels of the working hydraulic cylinders, which activated the mechanism for changing the rear axle clearance, hydraulic locks were installed, and diaphragm pressure sensors model SS302 from Sendor Sensor with a measurement range from 0 to 40 megapascals were placed along the hydraulic line connecting the hydraulic locks with the hydraulic valve.

(Conclusions) The authors determined that the time for transferring the rear axle from low clearance to high was 2.2-4.4 seconds, and the pressure in the hydraulic system was 3.8-16.4 megapascals at an engine speed of 1300-2000 rpm. It was found that when transferring from high to low ground clearance, these indicators amounted to 1.0-1.4 seconds and 0.99-9.90 megapascals.
Oxide Emissions Reduction from Combustion Control in a Diesel Engine
Authors: Chumakov V. L. , Devyanin S. N.
Published: March 2021

The authors showed that the European Union norms for the toxicity of exhaust gases (Euro 1 – Euro 5) contributed to the reduction of main harmful components emissions by several times. In foreign countries, Stage and Tier regulations applied to tractor equipment, which also limited the content of toxic components at the legislative level.

(Research purpose) To reduce the content of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases by more efficient regulation of the fuel charge distribution in the gas-diesel engine cylinder, changes in the concentration of diesel and gas fuel in certain zones, as well as the use of exhaust gas recirculation.

(Materials and methods) The authors analyzed the results of modeling the formation of nitrogen oxides by controlling the workflow in the gas-diesel modification of the diesel engine. In the calculations, the geometric parameters of the D-120 engine, operating at 2000 revolutions per minute, with a filling of 0.6-0.9 volume, were used. The average excess air ratio for the charge was 1.2-3.0, and the excess air ratios for the gas-air mixtures did not exceed 1.2-2.5.

(Results and discussion) Using the computational model, the authors estimated the parameters at different pressures at the engine inlet within 0.05-0.09 megapascals, as well as with an increase in the residual gas coefficient in the range of 5-15 percent with a decrease in the concentration of nitrogen oxides from 2500 to 1100 parts per million. Experiments showed that when the power changed from 100 to 20 percent, the nitrogen oxides concentration decreased from 1940 to 800 parts per million.

(Conclusions) The authors confirmed the adequacy of the calculation model. They determined that a 40-50 percent reduction in the nitrogen oxide concentration in exhaust gases was achieved with various layering schemes in the combustion chamber. They found that the standards for carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides would require mixed engine regulation. It was proved that recirculation of 15 percent of exhaust gases could reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by another 50 percent.
Advanced Technology for Improving Degraded Slopes in Mountainous and Foothill Zones
Authors: Dzhibilov S. M. , Gulueva L. R.
Published: March 2021

The authors presented the technology and mechanization means for the restoration of degraded mountain areas with slope steepness up to 15 degrees.

(Research purpose) To determine the optimal distance between the springy racks of the chisel cultivator KCHG-2.4; to characterize the developed block-module of the multifunctional unit KCHG-2.4, which performed three operations after the slitting process: sowing grasses, applying mineral fertilizers and rolling the sown seeds and granular fertilizers into the soil; to determine the effectiveness of the developed agricultural practices that increased productivity and the environment-forming role of mountain phytocenoses.

(Materials and methods). The tests were carried out in the mountainous zone of North Ossetia - Alania at an altitude of 1540 meters above sea level with slope steepness up to 15 degrees. The experimental area was divided into three replicates. Each replicate was 2.4 meters wide, 10 meters long, dividing stripes 1 meter, side stripes 2.4 meters. The total test area, located across the slope, was 184.2 square meters.

(Results and discussion) The springy Väderstad strut of the KCG-2.4 unit was used to slit the mountain slopes. For overseeding, a three-component grass mixture of Phleum pratense L., Dactylis glomerata L. and Trifolium pratense L. was proposed at a seeding rate of 15 kilograms per hectare. When applying mineral fertilizers, the following composition was used (in the active ingredient): ammonium nitrate – 35 percent; superphosphate – 20; potash salt – 40 percent, in total 445 kilograms per hectare. An increase in dry aboveground mass of 3.02-4.19 tons per hectare and the accumulation of underground plant mass in the range of 1.84-12.62 tons per hectare were got, depending on the variant of the experiment.

(Conclusions) The authors found out that, a higher yield was obtained with a distance between the slits of 1.5 meters for 3 years of observations. It was found that the use of the unit increased the collection of feed units from 0.81-1.68 to 4.06-4.98 thousand per hectare. Taking into account all costs, the cost of one feed unit was 8.76 rubles.
To Study the Efficacy of Soft Tissue Release Manual Therapy Techniques in Patients with Moderate COPD.
Authors: Dutta Abhijit
Published: March 2021

Apart from pulmonary manifestations Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) includes extra pulmonary manifestation like altered chest wall mechanics and musculoskeletal dysfunction. There are many studies that have described the effect of manual therapy in musculoskeletal structural changes in isolation among people with COPD, although the influence of soft tissue manual therapy techniques on chest expansion and pulmonary function remains largely unclear. Therefore, the study was proposed with combined soft tissue protocol to address the involved soft tissue structure in COPD. To find the effectiveness of soft tissue release manual therapy techniques (STRMTT) on improvement of chest expansion and Pulmonary function- FEV1/FEV6 in patients with moderate COPD. This is a comparative study design with two groups- Experimental Group and Control Group, conducted on a total 20 subjects, 10 in each group. The Experimental group subjects were treated with soft tissue release manual therapy techniques along with conventional treatment whereas control group subjects were treated with only conventional exercises. Both the group subjects received treatment twice in a week for a period of eight weeks. The outcome measures Chest expansion and pulmonary function FEV1/FEV6 was measured at before intervention and after 8 weeks of intervention. Comparative analysis of post intervention means using Independent ‘t’ test between the groups found statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in Chest expansion at Auxiliary level and Xiphisternum level and in FEV1/FEV6 between the groups. It is found from our pilot study that soft tissue release manual therapy techniques addressing the soft tissue structure in subjects with moderate COPD who was treated for a period of 8 weeks along with conventional treatment showed statistically significant effect in improving chest expansion and FEV1/FEV6 when compared with the only conventional exercises.
Dentigerous cyst arising from a denticle in a primary teeth- a rare case report with brief review of literature
Authors: Kumaran Jimsha , Mariappan Jonathan
Published: March 2021

Odontogenic cysts are derived from odontogenic epithelium which may
develop before or after the formation of tooth. Most of these are
developmental in origin. While dentigerous cysts are common odontogenic
cysts that are related to the crown of the impacted tooth and known to
arise from reduced enamel epithelium.
Interdisciplinary crossover for rapid advancements - collaboration between medical and engineering scientists with the focus on Serbia
Authors: Ignjatovic Nenad , Mitkovic Milorad , Obradovic Bojana , Stamenkovic Dragoslav , Dankuc Dragan , Manic Miodrag , Grbovic Aleksandar , Kovacevic Branko , Djukanovic Ljubica
Published: March 2021

Over the past decades, development of engineering sciences has vastly contributed to advancements in medicine by production of numerous devices for diagnostics and treatment. In the middle of the 20th century, a new scientific field, biomedical engineering (BE), was established, which has developed into an extremely complex scientific discipline requiring a distinctive educational profile. Various study programs in BE have been established at universities around the world but also at several universities in Serbia. Also, intensive research in this field is performed at several scientific institutions in Serbia. In the present paper, short summaries of the research results of several groups of engineers and medical doctors are presented as an illustration of the wide field of BE research and possibilities of its application in diagnosis and therapy of various diseases.
La multimodalidad en el desarrollo comunicativo temprano
Authors: Laguens Ana , Querejeta Maira , Resches Mariela
Published: March 2021

Presentamos una revisión narrativa del abordaje multimodal en el estudio del desarrollo comunicativo temprano. Se examinan los antecedentes tradicionales en este campo y se destaca la necesidad de reexaminar la dinámica de las interacciones “preintencionales”, ya que en ellas puede observarse cómo se articulan tempranamente diferentes recursos semióticos que componen el entramado multimodal de la comunicación prelingüística. Se proponen tres giros conceptuales para dar cuenta de dicho entramado: la reconsideración del carácter triádico de las primeras interacciones;  la función comunicativa y el carácter cultural de los objetos y la resignificación de los gestos ostensivos en tanto signos de pleno derecho. Se analizan los elementos considerados en tanto predictores de la emergencia del lenguaje. Se concluye la necesidad de adoptar una mirada más amplia, que revalorice aspectos habitualmente relegados en el estudio del desarrollo comunicativo temprano y permita formular nuevos interrogantes acerca de sus vínculos con el desarrollo lingüístico inicial.
Dynamic relationships among tumor, immune response, and microbiota
Authors: Tsunoda Takuya , Shimada Kazunori , Uchida Naoki , Kobayashi Shinichi , Sasaki Yasutsuna
Published: March 2021

Recently, the analysis of microbiota has been of interest not only for the clarification of the molecular mechanisms of disease etiology, but also the discovery of novel strategies for treatment. Following the development of "next-generation" sequencing, novel areas have been discovered in microbiota; however, in oncology, the relationships between microbiota and cancer have not been fully clarified. In recent literature, surprisingly, detection of gut microbiota in tumor issue itself has been reported. Microbiota might play an important role in carcinogenesis. However, this phenomenon is not well understood, and research in this area has just begun. In the past five years, a paradigm shift has occurred in cancer treatment due to immunotherapy. Immunotherapy has made cure possible even in advanced cancer patients with not only melanoma but also non-small cell lung cancer and others. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of novel immunotherapies, checkpoint inhibitors, and the relationship between microbiota and immunotherapy. It is of significance to clarify this relationship because it may lead to the discovery of predictive markers for immunotherapy and promote clinical efficacy. Finally, we also mention our activities in the construction of a big database for information on immunotherapy and microbiota, which may lead to excellent possibilities of discovering novel strategies for more effective cancer treatments, and may accelerate the alteration of cancers to the classification of chronic nonfatal disease.
Green Banking and Performance: The Role of Foreign and Public Ownership
Authors: Karyani Etikah , Obrien Vangi Vinanda
Published: March 2021

This study aims at examining the effect of green banking practice on bank performance with foreign and public ownerships as moderating variables. Data were collected from 14 Indonesian banking or 98 bank-year observations. The sample banks were participated in the green banking pilot project and listed in investasi hijau (or green investment) index between 2012 and 2018. Using the ordinary least square (OLS) model, this study demonstrates that green banking practices have a negative impact on bank profitability, but a positive impact on bank value. Meanwhile, public ownership strengthens the negative effect of green banking practice on profitability. Foreign ownership weakens the positive impact of green banking practice on bank value. Thus, stakeholders can use green banking practices as a consideration in making financial decisions as it has influence for bank performance.
Prövad eller beprövad?
Authors: Åman Pia , Lindberg Ylva , Rapp Stephan
Published: March 2021

The rationale for this study stems from the Swedish educational context, where teacher practice is subject to policies stating that education must be built on research foundation and proven experience. In a previous article (Åman & Kroksmark, 2018), we demonstrated that the research foundation is operating in concurrence of teachers’ practices and experiences. This study in turn aims to explore how teachers understand proven experience and practices of proving professional experiences. The data was collected in 2014 in the project Modellskolan [The Model School], financed by the Swedish Research Council, through a stimulated recall method. We filmed 14 interviews with teachers focusing on group discussions about teachers’ practical dilemmas. The interviews were analyzed with a phenomenographic method, and the result revealed five categories with which the teachers evaluated collegial and individual experiences. The categories were analysed through praxis theory and linked to the phenomenological concepts of time and space to elucidate how fluid situated and unspoken professional experiences become systematic, general and partly transferable through proving practices. The results shed light on how teachers’ experiences and everyday practices challenge and encourage revisions of the definitions of research foundation and proven experiencea in Swedish national policies.
Analisis dan Evaluasi Pengalaman Pengguna PaTik Bali dengan Metode User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ)
Authors: Wijaya I Nyoman Saputra Wahyu , Santika Putu Praba , Iswara Ida Bagus Ary Indra , Arsana I Nyoman Alit
Published: March 2021

PaTik Bali merupakan aplikasi keyboard virtual berbasis mobile. Keyboard PaTik berfungsi menulis aksara Bali. PaTik memiliki fitur autocorrection sesuai dengan pasang pageh aksara bali. Pada google playstore, jumlah perangkat terinstall lebih dari 89.000 perangkat mobile. Dalam penelitian ini ingin diketahui tingkat kenyamanan pengguna dari segi User Experience. Maka dalam penelitian ini dilakukan evaluasi pengalaman pengguna PaTik Bali. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan metode User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Kelengkapan aspek, yaitu attractiveness, pragmatic quality dan hedonic quality menjadi keunggulan User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Selain itu, sudah disedikan Data Analysist Tool dalam format excel untuk memudahkan pengukuran User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). Evaluasi dilakukan pada suatu populasi yang berjumlah 34 data. Evaluasi User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) memiliki penilaian yang baik. Daya tarik memiliki nilai rata-rata 1.8, kejelasan memiliki nilai 1.7, Efisiensi memiliki nilai 1.6, Ketepatan memiliki nilai 1.7, Stimulasi memiliki nilai 2, dan Kebaruan memiliki nilai 1.3. Hasil analisa untuk kualitas pragmatic dan hedonis pun memiliki penilaian yang baik masing-masing memiliki nilai rata-rata 1.72 dan 1.73. Dan analisa benchmark juga memberikan nilai 1.73 yang dikatakan baik. Analisa dengan menggunakan UEQ menunjukkan user experience dari pengguna PaTik Bali dapat dikatakan baik dengan nilai rata-rata diatas 1. AbstractPaTik Bali is a mobile-based virtual keyboard application. PaTik keyboard functions to write Balinese script. PaTik has an autocorrection feature in accordance with the Balinese script. On the Google Play Store, the number of devices installed is more than 89,000 mobile. In this study, we want to know the level of user comfort in terms of User Experience. So in this study an evaluation of the experience of PaTik Bali users was conducted. The evaluation was carried out using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) method. Completeness of aspects, namely attractiveness, pragmatic quality and hedonic quality are the advantages of User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). In addition, Data Analysis Tool has been provided in Excel format to facilitate the measurement of User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). The evaluation was carried out on a population of 34 data. The User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) evaluation has a good rating. Attraction has an average value of 1.8, clarity has a value of 1.7, Efficiency has a value of 1.6, Accuracy has a value of 1.7, Stimulation has a value of 2, and Novelty has a value of 1.3. The analysis results for pragmatic and hedonic quality also have good ratings, each having an average value of 1.72 and 1.73. And benchmark analysis also gives a value of 1.73 which is said to be good. Analysis using UEQ shows that the user experience of PaTik Bali users can be said to be good with an average value above 1.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of the Hidden Curriculum in Nursing Students: East Turkey
Authors: Ozcan Sadiye , Yanmis Safiye
Published: March 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the hidden curriculum in nursing education. This cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out among 235 nursing students. The “Student Information Form” and “Hidden Curriculum Assessment Scale in Nursing Education” were used to collect data from the participants. The mean scores that the students obtained from the hidden curriculum assessment scale, were 138.54±23.27. The variables, such as the faculty the students attended, whether they have chosen the profession willingly (p=0.000), the sufficiency of the professional education of the school (p=0.000), and whether they are happy with the school (p=0.000), affected their perceptions of the hidden curriculum. The students’ perceptions of the hidden curriculum of the institution were at a moderate level. In our study, those who considered the education at the school sufficient, those who chose the nursing profession willingly, and those who were happy with the school, obtained higher scores on the hidden curriculum assessment scale. In order to increase the quality of their graduates, higher education institutions that provide nursing education should aim to create and develop the hidden curriculum of the institution. Thus, the informal hidden curriculum, together with students’ needs and other creative aspects, can be recognised and integrated into the formal curriculum. In addition, interviews can be done with students to identify the factors that are making them unhappy, so that these aspects can be interrogated, in detail, to bring about changes to create a positive school climate.
Current approaches to the diagnosis of autoimmune bullous dermatoses
Authors: Drozhdina Marianna B. , Bobro Varvara A. , Sennikova Yuliana A.
Published: March 2021

A modern review of highly effective methods for the diagnosis of autoimmune bullous dermatoses are presented. The specificity of the production of autoantibodies underlying bullous dermatoses are described. Considering the severity of the disease and a significant deterioration in the quality of life of patients suffering from bullous dermatoses; the systematization of diagnostic criteria will help improve the prognosis and management of patients; and it will also help optimize work on the development of targeted drugs for the treatment of patients with this pathology.
The role of endothelin-1 and its autoantibodies in the pathogenesisof atopic dermatitis: a case-control study
Authors: Kibalina Irina V. , Tsybikov Namzhil N.
Published: March 2021

Background. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic multifactorial dermatosis with a complex pathophysiological basis. One of the poorly studied links in the pathogenesis of the disease is endothelin-1. Its main biological effects include pronounced vasoconstriction of blood vessels.
Aim. To study the role of endothelin-1 and its autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
Materials and methods. The study included 40 patients with common and limited forms of atopic dermatitis in the period of exacerbation and remission. The concentration of endothelin-1 and autoantibodies to it in the blood serum was determined by the ELISA method. Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed using Statistica 6.0. Statistical significance was determined at p 0.05.
Results. High concentrations of endothelin-1 and autoantibodies to it were determined during the exacerbation of the disease. When the clinical picture was resolved; the concentration of endothelin-1 and autoantibodies to it significantly decreased; but remained higher than the control group. Based on the data obtained; it can be assumed that an increase in the concentration of endothelin-1 may be a marker of white dermographism and a regulator of the microcirculation process in the skin.
Conclusions. A high level of endothelin-1 contributes to the development of inflammatory reactions in the skin; white dermographism and itching. Endothelin-1 receptors may be potential aim for targeted therapy of atopic dermatitis.
Yara Dersi Alan Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Basınç Yarasını Önlemeye Yönelik Tutumu
Authors: KARAVELİ Selda
Published: March 2021

Giriş: Basınç ülserleri birçok sağlık hizmeti ortamında hala önemli bir sorundur. Basınç yaralarının önlenmesinde hemşireler anahtar rol oynar ve hemşirelerin olumsuz tutumları koruyucu bakım stratejilerini etkileyebilir. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Yara Ostomi İnkontinans Hemşireliği dersini seçmeli ders olarak alan hemşirelik öğrencilerinin basınç yarasını önlemeye yönelik tutumunu değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, bir devlet üniversitesinde 2017-2018/ güz döneminde Yara Ostomi İnkontinans Hemşireliği dersini seçmeli alan 58 hemşirelik öğrencisi ile yapılmıştır. Ders, tek bir öğretim üyesi tarafından teorik olarak yürütülmüştür. Veriler, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin demografik özelliklerini içeren birey tanıtım formu ve basınç ülserlerini önlemeye yönelik tutum ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Veri toplama formu toplam 3 kez uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan hemşire öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 22.91±2.41, %79.3’ünün kadın ve %87.9’unun üçüncü sınıf öğrencisi olduğu, %70.7’sinin uygulama alanlarında basınç yarası olan hastaya bakım verdiği saptanmıştır. Öğrenci hemşirelerin basınç ülserlerini önlemeye yönelik tutum ölçeği toplam puan ortalamalarının birinci değerlendirmede 40.51±2.54, ikinci değerlendirmede 43.92±3.89, üçüncü değerlendirmede 44.18±2.40 olarak saptanmıştır. Zaman içerisinde öğrenci hemşirelerin basınç yarasını önlemeye yönelik tutumunu belirlemek üzere yapılan değerlendirmeler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (p