bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Produced from Extract of Medicinal Plant (Kelussia) on Kidney Function Tests
Authors: Armand Nezam , Morovvati Hassan , Azizi Yaser
Published: June 2024

Background & Objectives: Kelussia odoratissima is involved in the treatment of kidney stones, irritation of the urinary tract and kidney and bladder cleansing. It is useful for gout patients and is used to treat kidney and ureteral stones. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Kelussia odoratissima on renal function tests in male rats.
Materials & Methods: In this study, 20 rats were randomly divided into one control group and three treatment groups (n=5 per group). The treatment groups received a 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg silver nanoparticles produced by the extracts of Kelussia, orally once a day for 6 days. After taking a blood sample, a kidney function test was performed. SPSS software version 21 was used for data collection, and the results were presented as mean and standard deviation (mean±SEM).
Results: Oral administration of silver nanoparticles produced by Kelussia extracts at 80 mg/kg dose significantly reduced bilirubin and urea compared to the control group (P<0.05). The 120 mg/kg dose also significantly reduced urea compared to the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant effect on total protein, albumin and urea.
Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles produced by the Kelussia extracts did not show any negative effect on kidney function, but had some positive effect on waste removal.
The Importance of Health Education in the Prevention of Myiasis
Authors: Karimiankakolaki Zohreh
Published: June 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Occupational Hazards and Safety: How Knowledgeable are Quarry Workers on Accident Prevention at Work in Nigeria?
Authors: Okueso Samuel Adesina , Fejoh Johnson
Published: June 2024

Background: The increased number of quarry activities in Ogu State Nigeria without the commensurate provision of safety resources is an issue of great concern to public health. This study examines the occupational health and safety risks related to quarrying activities among workers.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey research design was used, The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers which were: The Knowledge of Occupational Safety and Health-Hazards Questionnaire (KOSHQ) (r = 0.75) and Relationship between Occupational Hazards and Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (ROHPWQ) (r = 0.84). Descriptive statistics of percentage/frequency were used to describe the demographic characteristics of the participants while Pearson Product Moment correlation was used to test the hypotheses
Results: The findings of the study showed that there was a strong, positive, and significant relationship between knowledge of occupational safety, health hazards, and the health of quarry workers (r = 0.940, p-value < 0.05); also, there was a very strong, positive, and significant relationship between occupational hazards and psychological well-being of quarry workers (r = 0.911, p-value < 0.05). a very strong, positive, and significant relationship was observed between knowledge of occupational safety, health hazards, and the health of quarry workers (r = 0.940, p-value < 0.05), there also exists a very strong, positive and significant relationship between occupational hazards and psychological well-being of quarry workers with (r = 0.911, p-value < 0.05).
Conclusion: The study concluded that the level of awareness about occupational hazards was The study, recommends that employers provide more training.
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire in Persian: A Report on the Translation Process
Authors: Sadri Mehrdad , Shakiba Alia , Amiri Fard Hamed , Bidaki Reza , Aghamollaii Vajiheh
Published: June 2024

Background:  Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a condition where there are changes in muscle tone during REM sleep, leading to abnormal movements. This disorder is typically diagnosed using video polysomnography (VPSG), which is considered the gold standard test. However, a screening questionnaire for RBD (RBDSQ) has been developed, translated, and validated in various languages, and could be used as a low-cost alternative to VPSG. In this study, we followed a standard multi-step process to translate the RBDSQ into Persian.
Methods: As per the guidelines suggested by Mapi Research Trust, we followed a four-step process for translation. The process included forward translation, backward translation, cognitive interviews with fifteen patients, and proofreading. We collaborated with Mapi Research Trust in each step of the process. Also, we conducted discussion and revision sessions for each step to ensure that the final translation was accurate.
Results: After reviewing the forward and backward translations, some of the items were rephrased. Patients who participated in cognitive interviews found the translation to be generally clear, but some improvements were necessary to make it more expressive. The final proofreading process involved correcting some typing and spelling errors.
Conclusions: The Persian translation of RBDSQ was approved by Mapi Research Trust through a standard translation process. This translation is now compatible with the original English version and is available for a future clinical validation study.
Prediction of anger suppression based on obsessive beliefs and anxious preoccupied attachment style among the non-clinical population: a cross-sectonal study
Authors: Ashooria Mitra , Mohtarami zavardeh Seyedeh zahra
Published: June 2024

The Article Abstract is not available.
Comparison of Treatment Outcomes of High-Flow Nasal Cannula and Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Preterm Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the NICU of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd
Authors: Mokhtary-Hassanabad Ahmad , Mirjalili Seyed Reza , Lookzadeh Mohamad Hosein , Noorishadkam Mahmood
Published: June 2024

Background: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common and urgent condition in newborns, caused by a lack of surfactant production and secretion. This study aimed to compare two non-invasive methods, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and highflow nasal cannula (HFNC), for managing RDS.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital between 2020 and 2021 and included 49 premature neonates (with gestation ≤34 weeks and birth weight ≤2,000 g) diagnosed with RDS. The neonates were randomly assigned to either the HFNC group (n = 24) or the nCPAP group (n = 25).
Results: No significant differences in demographic features were observed between the two groups. The HFNC group had lower rates of intubation, shorter hospitalization duration, and less need for full nutritional support and oxygen therapy compared to the nCPAP group, but these differences were not statistically significant. Additionally, there were no significant differences in complications such as traumatic nasal injury, apnea, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), pneumothorax, pulmonary hemorrhage, and mortality between the two groups.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that both HFNC and nCPAP are equally effective in treating premature neonates with RDS, with no significant differences in clinical outcomes. Given the cost-effectiveness of HFNC, medical staff expertise, and equipment accessibility, this approach could be considered a viable alternative to nCPAP.
Mobile application efficiency in rehabilitation program for patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, 185000, Russia, Kravtsova E. N. , Meigal A. Yu. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, 185000, Russia, Shchegoleva L. V. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, 185000, Russia, Gerasimova-Meigal L. I. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, 185000, Russia, Kul’gova E. D. ,   Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, 185000, Russia, Dvoryanchikov V. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia
Published: June 2024

The evaluation of the efficiency of the application developed by the authors for a cell phone on the Android platform for the rehabilitation of patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction is given. The description of the capabilities of the mobile application, methods of training oculomotor reactions, and methods of monitoring the effectiveness of exercises are presented. A comparison was made between a group of patients receiving rehabilitation using the traditional method and using a cell phone application. The effectiveness of rehabilitation was assessed using the DHI scale (Dizziness Handicap Inventory). In both groups, after the use of rehabilitation, there was a statistically significant decrease in the total scores on the DHI scale. There were no significant differences in DHI scores between the two groups of patients. Patients undergone rehabilitation using a mobile application showed greater commitment to treatment.
Morpho-functional assessment of mucous membrane of supratubal recess and anterior epitympanic recess
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Komarov M. V. ,   City Hospital No 26, Saint Petersburg, 196247, Russia, Michurina A. P. ,   City Hospital No 26, Saint Petersburg, 196247, Russia
Published: June 2024

Based on autopsy and biopsy material, a morpho-functional assessment of the mucous membrane of the anatomical spaces of the medial wall of the tympanic cavity — separated by fold of the tensor tympani muscle —was carried out. It has been shown that in most cases samples of the mucous membrane of the supratubal recess are represented by multirow or pseudostratified epithelium with loose connective tissue of the lamina propria. On the other hand, the mucous membrane of the anterior epitympanic recess in most cases is represented by flat epithelium with compact connective tissue of the lamina propria, which determines the high gas-absorbing capacity of the mucous membrane. Establishing the boundary of the mucous membrane with a high gas-absorbing capacity in practical terms determines the formation of the tympanic segment when performing open-type tympanoplasty.
The Armistice of Villa Giusti
Authors: Öncü Ali Servet , Erol M. Seyfettin
Published: June 2024

In the First World War, the Austro-Hungarian Empire was a part of the Central Powers. As from 1916, the Empire had been very keen for the war to end. The Austro-Hungarian Empire, which was deprived of the financial power to continue the war and faced with the demands of independence from the minorities before and during the war, approached the armistice proposals very positively that could end the war in 1916 and 1917. In mid-June 1918, the failure of the attack launched by the Austro-Hungarian troops against the Italian troops and the superiority of the Allied Powers over Germany on the western front in July-August put the situation of the Central Powers in the European fronts in trouble, and after the successful attack launched by the Italian troops on 24 October, there was no possibility for Austria-Hungary to continue the war. The Austro-Hungarian Empire withdrew from the First World War by signing an armistice with Italy on 3 November 1918 at Villa Giusti del Giardino outside the city of Padova. The armistice contained very harsh terms and severely limited the empire in every respect. The Armistice of Villa Giusti consisted of two chapters and nineteen clauses including eight military and eleven naval and maritime provisions. The additional protocol of the armistice consisted of two chapters and nineteen clauses, ten of which were military and nine of which were related to the naval forces and maritime affairs.
Constructing Spaces of Knowledge in Türkiye: An Analysis of the Republican Period
Authors: Erdal Berrak
Published: June 2024

This article critically examines the transformative commitment to modernization and nation-building in Turkish Republic, focusing on the pivotal role played by spaces of knowledge. The study begins with a theoretical analysis of the complex relationship between political power, knowledge and space. The concrete analysis starts with the examination of People’s Houses, envisioned as cultural and political centers spreading Republican principles and the new national identity. The analysis extends to museums established by the new regime, demonstrating their ideological underpinnings as spaces generating a specific knowledge on the nation through the collection of memories. The article then explores theaters, cinemas, and operas, emphasizing their contribution to shaping cultural policies of the new Turkish nation state. Shifting to libraries, it traces the historical evolution culminating in the establishment of the National Library in Ankara and its role in nation-building process. Throughout, the article delves into the complexities of preserving national identity through these spaces of knowledge, offering a comprehensive understanding of Türkiye’s modernization journey.
Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Doğu Karadeniz’de Rus-Türk Harbi: Rus Kaynaklarına Göre Trabzon’un İşgali
Authors: Sadık Ramin
Published: June 2024

Osmanlı ile Rusya arasında I. Dünya Savaşı’nda Kafkas Cephesi’nde şiddetli çatışmalar meydana geldi. Bölgedeki ordusu savaşa tam hazır olamayan Osmanlı devleti, Sarıkamış Harekâtı’nda ağır yara aldı ve sonrasında Rus saldırıları karşısında yeteri kadar savunma yapamadı. Neticede doğuda yaşanan çatışmalar Osmanlı açısından yenilgiyle sona erdi. Ruslar Erzurum’a hâkim olduktan sonra Karadeniz’in doğu kıyıları yönünde askeri operasyonlarına ağırlık verdiler. Bu bağlamda Rus Kafkas Ordusu komutanlığı doğudaki Osmanlı III. Ordusu’nun teçhizatında kilit rol oynayan stratejik konumdaki Trabzon’u ele geçirmek üzere bir plan yaptı. Esasında Trabzon’u ele geçirmesi halinde Rus ordusu doğudaki askeri birliklerini silah, mühimmat ve gıdayla daha hızlı temin edilebilecekti. Bu anlamda Trabzon Ruslar için oldukça önemliydi. Rus ordusu bir yandan Bayburt ve Gümüşhane üzerinden kara kuvvetleriyle, bir yandan da doğu Karadeniz’de hem donanma hem de kara güçleriyle Trabzon üzerinde baskı kurdu. 1916 yılının Mart sonlarında şehre yönelik saldırıları arttıran Rus ordusu nihayet 18 Nisan 1916’da Trabzon’u işgal etmeği başardı. Bu çalışmada Trabzon’un işgali süreci Rus kaynakları bağlamında kaleme alınmıştır. Çalışmanın bugüne kadar yapılanlardan temel farkı da, konuya ilişkin dönemin Rus arşiv vesikaları ve basınında, aynı zamanda genel olarak Rusça kaynaklarda verilen bilgilerin incelenmesi sonucu hazırlanmış olmasıdır. Dolayısıyla çalışmada kullanılan Trabzon’un işgali döneminde Rus komutanlarının karargâhlarıyla yaptıkları yazışmalara ilişkin arşiv kayıtları ve gazeteler ile dergilerin gün gün savaşla ilgili haberleri, makalenin özgünlüğünün temelini teşkil etmiştir.
Daima Hazır! Osmanlı Devletinde İzciliğin Tarihi (1910-1922)
Authors: Eroğlu Ferhat
Published: June 2024

İzcilik hareketi, Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın biraz öncesinde, 1907’de İngiltere’de ortaya çıkmıştır. İzciliğin, Avrupa’nın tüm dünyayı etkileyecek o büyük hesaplaşmaya savrulduğu süreçte ortaya çıkması tesadüf değildir. Tüm halkın devleti için topyekun harekete geçmesini gerektiren yeni savaş anlayışına faydalı olabilecek bir program ve halkı askerî bir ruhla ortak amaçlar etrafında kenetleyebilecek ritüeller içermektedir. Askerlik çağına gelmemiş çocuğa ve gence organize hareket etme, öncü olma, hayatta kalma, korkuları belli etmeme, duyguları yönetebilme gibi beceriler kazandıran bir formasyondur. Osmanlı Devleti’nde okullaşmanın bir parçası olarak başlamış, tanındığı dönemde devletin gençlik politikalarıyla uyumlu olduğu anlaşılmış ve Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın sonuna dek devlet kontrolünde bir seyir izlemiştir. Bu durum izciliği daha kapsamlı projelerin parçası haline getirmiş ve hareket, bu projeler içinde erime tehlikesiyle karşı karşıya kalmıştır. Birinci Dünya Savaşı’ndaki yenilgi üzerine İttihat ve Terakki Fırkası’yla beraber fırkanın gençlik politikaları da çökmüş ve Türk izciliği bu yeni ortamda özgün kimliğini yeniden bulmaya çalışmıştır. Fakat bu sefer de işgal devletlerinin ve azınlıkların izcilik faaliyetlerinin gölgesinde ve baskısı altında kalmıştır. Ancak her şeye karşın zaferle birlikte Türk izciliği ayağa kalkmayı başarabilmiş ve savaşın sona ermesinden Cumhuriyet’in ilanına dek geçen bir yıllık süre içerisinde yeni bir izci kitlesi ortaya çıkarılabilmiştir. Bu metin, tüm bu süreçleri, izciliğin kuruluş dönemi sancılarını incelemektedir. Çünkü Cumhuriyet yıllarındaki gelişimin altyapısı neredeyse tüm yönleriyle Osmanlı’nın son döneminde hazırlanmıştır.
XVIII. Yüzyıl Rusyası’nda Antik Yunan ve Roma Edebiyatından Tarihi Eser Çevirisi
Authors: Şener Leyla
Published: June 2024

Rusya’da tarihin bir bilim olarak şekillendiği XVIII. yüzyılda tarihi eserlere karşı ilgi büyüktür. Söz konusu dönemde özellikle Antik tarih konulu birçok eser çevrilmiştir. Çalışmada XVIII. yüzyıl Rusya’sında Antik edebiyattan tarihi eser çevirisi konusu, Antik Yunan ve Antik Roma edebiyatından tarihi eser çevirisi başlıkları altında ele alınmıştır. XVIII. yüzyılda Antik Yunan edebiyatından çevrilen belli başlı tarih yazarları arasında Constantin Manasses, Xenophon, Diodoros, Pausanias, Polybius’un ve Plutarchus öne çıkmaktadır. Söz konusu dönemde Antik Roma edebiyatından çevrilen önemli tarih yazarlar arasında Quintus Curtius Rufus, Titus Livius, Cornelius Nepos, Lucius Annaeus Florus, Valerius Maximus, Velleius Paterculus, Josephus Flavius ve Justinus dikkat çekmektedir. XVIII. yüzyıl Rusya’sında Antik Yunan ve Roma edebiyatından tarihi eserler çoğunlukla asıl dilden çevrilmiştir. Çevirmenleri arasında Rus kültür tarihinin önemli isimleri yer almaktadır. İyi eğitim almış, birkaç yabancı dile hâkim bu çevirmenler sayesinde XVIII. yüzyılda Rus okuru Antik Yunan ve Roma edebiyatının belli başlı tarihi eserleriyle tanışma fırsatı bulmuştur.
Sitti Zübeyde’den Zümrüd Hatun’a Bir Türbenin Kimliği Meselesi
Authors: Dündar Abdulhamit
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışma, Bağdat’ın batı yakasının güneyinde bulunan ve Abbâsî Halifesi Nâsır-Lidînillâh’ın Türk asıllı annesi Zümrüd Hatun’a nispet edilen konik formlu mukarnas kubbeli türbenin kimliği, mimari özellikleri ve sembolizmi konularını ele almaktadır. Mukarnas kubbe Ortaçağ İslam türbe mimarisinin en dikkat çekici özelliklerinden kabul edilmektedir. Maveraünnehir’den Endülüs’e kadar uzanan geniş bir coğrafyada örneklerine rastlanan bu karakteristik yapıların önemli bir kısmı 5/11. yüzyıl ile 7/13. yüzyıl arasına tarihlendirilmekte olup, bu özelliğe sahip yapılar alimler, büyük mutasavvıflar ve dindarlığıyla öne çıkan devlet adamlarına aittir. 7/13. yüzyılın başlarına tarihlenen Zümrüd Hâtun Türbesi, Abbâsîler döneminden günümüze kalan mukarnas kubbeli türbelerin nadir mimari örneklerinden kabul edilmektedir. Sekizgen planlı gövdeden kubbeye geçişin on altı hücreden oluşan tromplarla sağlanması, mukarnas hücrelerine yerleştirilen aydınlatma delikleri ve beden duvarlarının dış cephelerinde uygulanan hezârbâf tuğla işçiliği, yapıyı bu mimari tarzın 7/13. yüzyıldaki en seçkin örneklerinden biri olarak öne çıkarmaktadır. 1780 yılında kayda alınan ancak günümüze ulaşmayan türbe kitabesinde, burada Halife Hârûnürreşîd’in hanımı Zübeyde bint Ca‘fer’in medfun olduğu yazmakta ve türbe halk arasında Sitti Zübeyde adıyla bilinmekteydi. 20. yüzyılın başlarında yapılan araştırmalarda, türbede bulunan kitabenin üslup ve içerik yönünden yapının mimari özellikleriyle uyumlu olmadığı, türbenin tipik bir 7/13. yüzyıl eseri olmasına rağmen kitabesinin daha geç bir tarihe ait olduğu, Zübeyde’nin mezarının ise türbenin yaklaşık altı kilometre kuzeyinde bulunduğuna dair deliller ortaya konmuştur. 1900-1950 yılları arasında neşredilen bir dizi çalışmayla türbenin Halife Nâsır-Lidînillâh’ın annesi Zümrüd Hatun’a ait olduğu görüşü benimsenmiştir.
Wrocławskie krajobrazy pamięci
Authors: Kolouszek Karol
Published: June 2024

W tekście podjęto próbę rozważań nad pamięcią Wrocławia, która ma dwoistą naturę — po pierwsze, jest przekazywana przez ludzi; po drugie, jest zakotwiczona w przestrzeni miasta. Ilustruje to przykład zakładu pracy (Zakładów Naprawczych Taboru Kolejowego) jako elementu krajobrazu i miejsca pamięci. Pamięć miasta jest ponadto sferą stałego konfliktu: miejsc mających swoją historię, będących nośnikami pamięci oraz nie-miejsc, pozbawionych czasowości, a zatem także pamięci. Miejsca pozbawione czasowości oddziałują na swoich mieszkańców nie ze względu na autentyzm bycia miejscem, lecz na dokonaną przez współczesnych architektów wiarygodną symulację miejsca w nie-miejscu. Na pamięć miasta, poza pamięcią jednostek, składa się pamięć zbiorowa, która wyraża się w mnemotoposach. Takim mnemotoposem jest Dolny Śląsk jako Dziki Zachód, z którym łączy się mnemotopos skarbu, pod wieloma względami przenikający ten pierwszy. Oba można też odnaleźć w pamięci miasta.
Zastosowanie analizy skupień do wyodrębnienia krajów UE o podobnej strukturze oszczędności gospodarstw domowych z uwzględnieniem kryzysu COVID-19
Authors: Spychała Jakub
Published: June 2024

Oszczędności to jeden z głównych elementów gospodarki, będących potencjalnym źródłem inwestycji. Zwłaszcza analiza struktury oszczędności pozwala wskazać metody oszczędzania, którymi zainteresowane są gospodarstwa domowe w poszczególnych krajach UE. Dlatego też celem artykułu jest wyodrębnienie grup krajów Unii Europejskiej, które charakteryzują się podobną strukturą oszczędności gospodarstw domowych przed kryzysem COVID-19 i po tym kryzysie. W tym celu wykorzystano narzędzie wielowymiarowej analizy porównawczej, jakim jest analiza skupień, i wyodrębniono trzy względnie jednorodne skupiska krajów UE z uwzględnieniem danych przed kryzysem COVID-19 i po tym kryzysie. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły wskazać kraje UE, w których zachowania oszczędnościowe są podobne, a gospodarstwa domowe preferują odpowiednio tradycyjny model oszczędzania (lokowanie środków w banku), oszczędzanie w celu zwiększenia swojej przyszłej emerytury oraz ubezpieczenie zdrowia i życia. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły wskazać na wspólne instrumenty finansowe, które są atrakcyjne — lub nie — dla wyróżnionych grup gospodarstw domowych.
Prawna natura obowiązku osiągania poziomów przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych — na przykładzie ustawy o utrzymaniu czystości i porządku w gminach
Authors: Jakubiszyn Mateusz
Published: June 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie podstawowych znamion (cech) prawnych obowiązku osiągania poziomów przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych (poziomów przygotowania do ponownego użycia i recyklingu odpadów komunalnych oraz poziomów składowania) jako zadania własnego gminy zawierającego się w obowiązku utrzymania czystości i porządku w gminie. W artykule wyeksponowane zostały następujące znamiona (cechy): charakter przedmiotowego obowiązku, jego zakres przedmiotowy oraz adresaci, względem których ustawodawca wymaga osiągnięcia poziomów przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych. Wskazane zostały również odpowiedzialność administracyjna oraz sankcje administracyjne nakładane przez odpowiednie organy wskutek nieosiągnięcia poziomów przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych przez podmioty do tego zobowiązane. Przybliżona została także tematyka związana z wyjaśnieniem samego pojęcia poziomów przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych wraz z ich wartościami liczbowymi przewidzianymi na poszczególne lata kalendarzowe, jak również wskazane zostały problemy uniemożliwiające ich osiągnięcie przez gminy. W opracowaniu została również poruszona kwestia odnosząca się do założenia, że osiąganie poziomów przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych, zwłaszcza zaś przygotowania do ponownego użycia i recyklingu odpadów komunalnych, jest problemem, który aktualnie stanowi wyzwanie dla gospodarki odpadami w Polsce.
Implementation of STEAM concept of education in program of the Crimean Forum of Talented and Gifted Children “Intellectual Start-Up 2023”
Authors:   Small Academy of Sciences “Iskatel”, Makarov Ruslan V. , Shablovskaya Veronika V. ,   Small Academy of Sciences “Iskatel”, Dovgal Evgeniy O. ,   Small Academy of Sciences “Iskatel”
Published: June 2024

Abstract. We consider a current trend – the STEAM concept of education, as it has become popular in recent decades, including in Russia. The popularity of this concept is explained by the conditions of a dynamic and complex modern world, there is a demand for an increase in interdisciplinary ties in education. Additional education is assessed as the most optimal environment in the Russian education system for the implementation of STEAM approaches due to the lack of strict regulation of its content and requirements for its results. At the same time, attention is focused on the fact that the development of STEAM education in Russia will follow its own independent path and rely mainly on domestic experience in its implementation. We analyze educational and competitive program of the Crimean Forum of Talented and Gifted Children “Intellectual Start-Up 2023”, developed in the Children’s Technopark “Kvantorium” of “Small Academy of Sciences “Iskatel” (Yevpatoria) as one of the examples of the implementation of the STEAM concept in additional education of children. It is concluded the pedagogical significance of the results obtained and the prospects for further replication and scaling of this pedagogical experience.
Model of developing discourse competence of language students
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Dorofeeva Alisa S. , Budarina Anna O. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. The study is aimed at conditioning and substantiating a model for the development of discourse competence in language students. Proposed possible solution to the described problem is a pedagogical model for the development of discourse competence of language students, comprising four components. Described components of the proposed model are conceptual, content, organizational, and evaluative. The interconnection of the components with each other and the integrity of the model, which contributes to the achievement of the pedagogical goal as the development of discourse competence of language students, are also indicated. Discourse competence is considered as the ability to comprehend, perceive, reproduce and create meanings in professional communicative activities and practices. The originality of the consideration of the process of developing discourse competence comprises the examination of the cognitive-pragmatic approach as the most suitable approach which considers professional and language aspects of the process of learning languages by language students. Methods and techniques that facilitate the implementation of this model are described, the criteria for the development of skills and their levels are stated as well. This model takes into account the peculiarities of the processes of meaning perception and meaning generation in discourse, professional communicative activities of language students and the specific features of the academic environment at the university. This model is subject to testing and the development of methodological recommendations for its implementation in the process of Foreign Language Teaching at higher schools.
Communication features in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Bedina Vera Yu.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Difficulties in communication are one of the main deficits in a child with autism spectrum disorder. The research purpose is to study the communicative sphere of children with autism spectrum disorder. In this study, we used: a questionnaire for parents “Socialization”, a questionnaire “Assessment of communication skills in children with autism spectrum disorders”, developed on the basis of the methodology “Assessment of social and communication skills for children with autism” (authors: K.A. Quill, K.N. Bracken, M.E. Fair, J.A. Fiore), as well as a “Observation map of communicative abilities manifestations in preschoolers” (A.M. Shchetinina, M.A. Nikiforova). The study sample consisted of 11 children with autism spectrum disorder (4–7 years old). The results of the study showed that the level of development of communicative abilities in children of this group is quite low, all children have difficulties in forming communicative behavior: they did not establish verbal contact with the interlocutor, did not show empathy and initiative in organizing games, found it difficult to attract the attention of adults when expressing requests in an adequate way. Echolalia was also observed in most children. The data obtained in the study contribute to the search for effective ways to solve the problem of forming a communicative sphere in children with autism spectrum disorder, as well as the creation of correctional programs using neuropsychological methods and means of alternative and additional communication in the form of applications on modern information computer devices.
INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION APPROACH OF TAPAL KUDA PESANTREN IN OVERCOMING STUDENTS CULTURE SHOCK
Authors: Saha Fasadena Nova , Yunuh Soleehah
Published: June 2024

Tapal Kuda as a pesantren area is famous for its two cultures, Pendhalungan and Osing cultures. Seeing this culture, this research focuses on the approach of the two pesantren in handling the culture shock of new students from outside the region. The research method uses a qualitative type through a case study approach. The research objects were PP Al-Qodiri I Jember and PPM Al-Kautsar Banyuwangi, with the research subjects determined by purposive technique through observation, interview, and documentation. The result of the research is the intercultural communication approach of Pendhalungan and Osing Students in Pesantren Tapal Kuda there are differences, PP Al-Qodiri uses a functionalist approach while PPM Al-Kautsar with an interpretative approach.
Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Biosurfactant Activity from Mangrove Sediments
Authors: Sugihartuti Rahmi , Pradana Munawer , Maslachah Lilik , Chusniati Sri , Tyaningsih Wiwiek , Rahardjo Dadik , Soeharsono Soeharsono
Published: June 2024

Background: Ujung Pangkah mangroves are reported to have been contaminated with heavy metals. Such heavy metals can induce microorganisms to produce biosurfactants. Biosurfactants with amphiphilic characteristics can lower surface tension. Biosurfactants can be used as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral for biomedical purposes. Purpose: This study aimed to identify and test the activity of biosurfactant isolates of bacteria from Ujung Pangkah Mangrove sediments, Gresik Regency. Methods: Biosurfactant activity test methods include emulsification index, oil spreading, drop collapse, and parafilm test. Results: The results of the identification of bacterial isolates in this study obtained the genus Bacillus sp. because bacterial isolates show rod shape, Gram-positive, aerobic, and have ellipse-shaped endospores on the subterminal. The results of the biosurfactant activity test with the Emulsification index method showed an average result of 54.39% and the results of the biosurfactant activity test with the oil spreading method showed that there was a clear zone. The average result of the clear zone obtained is 54.83 mm. The average result in the parafilm test was 8.02 mm and the drop collapse test showed positive results characterized by falling and spreading of bacterial isolate fermentation broth supernatants.
Understanding perspective on community health literacy for promoting the health of older adults with hypertension: a qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Saenyabutr Chanissara , Lagampan Sunee , Powwattana Arpaporn , Amnatsatsue Kwanjai
Published: June 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to understand the community people’s experience of access, understanding, evaluation, and application of health information for self-care of hypertensive older adults, and explore the community's perspective on promoting community health literacy (CHL) on caring for hypertensive older adults.
Methods: This was a qualitative descriptive study. Data were collected through focus groups and in-depth interviews in one sub-district municipality in Mahasarakham, Thailand. A total of 37 participants from older adults with hypertension, families of older adults with hypertension, and community committees were recruited based on inclusion criteria using purposive sampling. Data were then analyzed using a five-step thematic analysis.
Results: Four main themes of community people’s experience  emerged 1) access to health information limited by the healthcare personnel at the primary care unit (PCU), 2) understanding the health information because it is clear and familiar, and can ask the medical personnel directly, 3) do not evaluate the health information received from healthcare personnel because they trust them, and 4) applied health information to practice only taking medicine and doctor’s appointments. Three main themes to promote CHL are 1) usual healthcare activities, 2) community action, and 3) nurses at PCU, village health volunteers, and community committees should be involved in playing a key role in promoting CHL.
Conclusions: Cooperation with community leaders is important to promote CHL by using active learning education and creating a supportive environment focusing on encouraging older adults to perform self-care to control their health conditions.
PREGNANCY AND COVID-19. PERINATAL OUTCOMES
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, KHAIRULLINA GUZEL R. , SHUKRULLOEV NADIR R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, DRUZHKOVA EVGENIA B. ,   Republican Clinical Hospital, Kazan, GALIMZYANOV ILDUS I. ,   Kazan State Medical University, ZHOGINA ANASTASIA S. ,   Kazan State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. The coronavirus infection COVID-19 has become a major medical problem around the world. Despite the fact that the infection is new and research on COVID-19 is ongoing, the main risk factors for severe consequences for pregnant women have already been identified. Aim. The aim of our study – analyze the impact of coronavirus infection and its consequences on the course of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Material and methods. The medical records of 4422 pregnant women were studied on the basis of the Kazan city obstetric hospital. The study included two groups: an experimental group – 67 patients who underwent COVID-19 at various times during pregnancy and a control group – 65 patients with a normal pregnancy. The analysis of the collected data was performed in the GraphPad Prism 9 software (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA). Results and discussion. Most often, pregnant women had infection COVID-19 during the third trimester, n=51 (76%). The main complications during pregnancy in the experimental group were moderate preeclampsia – 6; 9% (in the control group – 2; 3%) and the threatened preterm labor – 14; 17% (in the control group – 2; 3%). The main complications in newborns: respiratory distress syndrome (9; 13%) and intrauterine pneumonia (3; 5%). The calculated odds ratios showed that the chance of getting 7 or more points on the Apgar scale in the control group was 7,2 times higher compared to the experimental group at 1 minute, and 10,1 times higher at the fifth minute. A significant difference (p-value=0,0027) was also shown between the average values of body weight of newborns in the experimental group [(3047±186) g] and control [(3403±243) g]. Conclusion. The number of cases of complicated pregnancy was significantly higher in experimental the group compared to the control group. Children in the control group are more likely to have higher Apgar score and have higher body weight than children born to mothers included in the experimental group. Also, the number of newborns with complications (mainly pathology of the respiratory system) in the early neonatal period was higher in the experimental group compared to the control group.
CALCIFICATION OF A PARAURETHRAL CYST (а clinical case)
Authors:   Russian University of Peoples’ Friendship, MANSUR AKHMAD
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. Paraurethral cyst is a benign neoplasm of the perineal region, round, having a retention cavity with liquid contents. Being located near the urethra, paraurethral cyst can cause disturbances in the patient’s urodynamics, which are manifested both in the prolongation of urination time and in the reduction of the maximum urination rate. Prolonged persistence of paraurethral cyst can lead to morphological changes in its wall, up to malignant transformation. The recommended treatment is surgery. Aim. Analysis of the scientific medical literature on paraurethral cyst with the presentation of personal clinical observation. Material and methods. An analysis of the medical literature devoted to the problem has been performed. We demonstrate a clinical observation of a woman with calcinosis paraurethral cyst.Results and discussion. In a 43-year-old patient, during the examination, we suspected calcification of the paraurethral cyst wall, because of which during the operation there were difficulties in excising this benign neoplasm from the surrounding tissues. Clinical urinalysis and urinalysis according to Nechiporenko did not reveal any changes. According to the ultrasound of the perineum, uneven thickening of the walls of the paraurethral cyst up to 3 mm and hyperechogenicity of its wall and homogeneity of the cyst cavity were noted. According to uroflowmetry: Q max – 16,3 ml/s, the average volumetric flow rate of urine – 6,1 ml/s, urination time – 69 s. Technical difficulties during the operation did not affect the course of the postoperative period. The patient was discharged from the hospital in a satisfactory condition. Two weeks after the operation, the patient noted a subjective improvement in the quality of urination, and uroflowmetry indicators improved by an average of 25%. Conclusion. Long-term paraurethral cyst not only cause urodynamic disturbances in patients, but also undergo structural changes. Preliminary diagnosis allows you to suspect changes in the paraurethral cyst wall, which should be considered when choosing a treatment tactic for a particular patient
CLINICAL AND SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TUBERCULOSIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN KUZBASS
Authors:   Kemerovo State Medical University, BRYUKHACHEVA EKATERINA O. , LUKASHOVA ELENA N. ,   Kemerovo State Medical University, KHOLODOV ARTYOM A. ,   Kemerovo State Medical University, PYANZOVA TATYANA V. ,   Kemerovo State Medical University
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. The incidence of tuberculosis among children and adolescents in the Russian Federation is decreasing annually, but epidemiological indicators are higher in the Siberian Federal District. Aim. The aim of the study is to study trends in the clinical characteristics of tuberculosis among children and adolescents in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass in modern conditions. Material and methods. A retrospective continuous study of all cases of tuberculosis in children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years, detected in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass in different time periods: the beginning of 2008–2011 (n=634) – the 1st group, and later in 2018–2021 (n=250) – the 2nd group. Results and discussion. The data of our study show that against the background of a significant decrease in the incidence of children and adolescents in Kuzbass, the age of children with tuberculosis has changed due to a decrease in the proportion of cases aged 4–7 years from 34,5% to 18,4% and an increase in the proportion of children with tuberculosis. Patients aged 13–17 years from 24,9% to 40,0%. Among tuberculosis cases in 2018–2021, in comparison with the earlier period, an increase in the number of non-vaccinated BCG was revealed (p=0,001, OR=7,963), tuberculosis was detected more often in urban residents (p=0,001, OR=4,290), the share of disseminated tuberculosis in the structure of clinical forms increased (p=0,001, OR=39,984) and combined tuberculosis and HIV infection (p=0,001, OR=14,602), the proportion of children and adolescents receiving treatment for drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis (p =0,001, OR=16,084). Conclusion. The incidence of tuberculosis among children and adolescents in Kuzbass has decreased significantly in recent years. At the same time, the age of sick children and adolescents is increasing, the proportion of patients with combined tuberculosis and HIV infection is increasing, as well as people receiving chemotherapy treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH LIVER DAMAGE IN THE COVID-19 EARLY REHABILITATION PERIOD
Authors:   Tashkent State Dental Institute, DAMINOVA LOLA T.
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. The emergence of COVID-19 has set health professionals tasks related to the rapid diagnosis and provision of medical care to patients. Patients with COVID-19 also have extrapulmonary symptoms; including clinical signs of damage to the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) and the hepatobiliary system which are diagnosed in 26–53% of patients. Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical and laboratory indicators of liver damage in patients in the early rehabilitation period of COVID-19. Material and methods. There were 243 patients with COVID-19 aged 18–60 years under observation. The criteria for inclusion in the study were: transferred no earlier than 10 days before inclusion in the study COVID-19; at the time of inclusion in the study PCR-negative COVID-19. The indicators of the general blood test, in the blood serum – C-reactive protein, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, total and direct bilirubin, albumin. Results and dis- cussion. The assessment of the clinical condition of patients showed that the prevalence of respiratory syndrome was 81,48%, dyspeptic – 67,90%, hemorheological – 54,73%, asthenic – 42,39%, encephalopathy – 36,21%. In the general blood test, the hemoglobin level, the number of erythrocytes and platelets were significantly lower than in the control group (p<0,001, p<0,05 and p<0,001). The activity of blood enzymes in post COVID-19 patients included in the study was significantly increased compared to the control group: alanine aminotransferase exceeded the average values in the control group by almost 10 times, aspartate aminotransferase – almost 3 times, lactate dehydrogenase – 3 times, gamma glutamyl aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase – almost one and a half times. The level of bilirubin b significantly exceeded the indicator recorded in the control group (p<0,001). The concentration of albumin in the peripheral blood of patients was reduced (p<0,001 the significance of the difference with the control group). Conclusion. In patients with liver damage in post COVID-19 patients the early rehabilitation period, the most frequent clinical syndromes were respiratory (81,48%) and dyspeptic (67,90%). Laboratory changes characteristic of hypochromic anemia, consumption thrombocytopenia, mesenchymal-inflammatory activity, liver functional disorders (the presence of cytolytic cholestatic syndromes and a decrease in protein synthesizing liver function) were also revealed.
ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS CONSIDERING POLYMORPHISM OF ENDURANCE GENES
Authors:   Center for the development of professional qualifications of medical workers, KAYUMOV AZIZ M. , KHAMRABAYEVA FERUZA I. ,   Center for the development of professional qualifications of medical workers, YUNUSOVA LALITA R. ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute
Published: June 2024

Abstract. Introduction. There are about 40 genes with polymorphisms associated with the development and manifestation of such human physical qualities as endurance, as well as functional characteristics and biochemical parameters that changing under the influence of physical activities of different kinds. In addition to the «sports» genetic markers of endurance, there are also genetic markers of «trainable endurance» identified as a result of dynamic (longitudinal) studies, when the effect of training and its relationship with genotypes is analyzed. Aim. The current study aimed to identify and analyze the polymorphism of three genes: angiotensin-converting enzyme, 1-alpha coactivator of the gamma receptor activated by peroxisome proliferators and angiotensin II type 1 receptor in young athletes involved in football. Material and methods. Samples of the buccal epithelium of 91 youth football teams of Tashkent were used as the material for the study. The analysis of gene polymorphism was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results and discussion. Our data suggest that the analysis of polygenic profiles of the examined young football players allowed us to identify genetically predisposed individuals to display the quality of «endurance» in them. Information about the genotype can be used by coaches to select promising athletes, choose an individual approach to training, correctly build the process of wellness classes and prevent the negative effect of excessive training effects that can lead to hypertrophy of the heart muscle. Conclusion. It should be noted that all the students we examined are genetically predisposed to playing football. A smaller number of individuals are likely to achieve a certain success and sportsmanship, since, in addition to genetic predisposition, favorable environmental factors are still necessary for this.