bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Evidence Synthesis: Safely and Efficiently Combining Statistical Evidence in Meta-Analyses
Authors: Mulder Joris , van Aert Robbie Cornelis Maria
Published: October 2024

Bayesian evidence synthesis refers to the process of combining statistical evidence between hypotheses from multiple studies. The evidence is quantified by the Bayes factor. Depending on the underlying model assumptions and research question, different methods can be used for a Bayesian evidence synthesis. The current paper gives an overview of possible models that can be used for this purpose which includes a common effect model, a random effects model, two hybrid effects models, and a fixed effects model. Furthermore, the respective synthesized Bayes factors under each modeling framework are given depending on the implied hypotheses that are tested. We also provide recommendations for prior distributions in Bayesian evidence synthesis for the popular effect size measures, including standardized mean difference, log odds ratio, and Pearson correlation. Additionally, the concept of safe evidence synthesis is described which is particularlyuseful in cumulative/sequential meta-analyses. With this overview and the recommendations for prior specification, researchers can make the best choice to synthesize the evidence from multiple studies. Empirical applications on statistical learning of people with a language impairmentand the incidence of seroma when exercising after breast cancer are used for illustrative purposes. Certain (new) synthesis methods are now also available in the R package BFpack.
Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Mental Health Difficulties among Adolescents
Authors: Raut Pravash Kumar
Published: October 2024

The present study aimed to study the prevalence of adverse childhoodexperiences, and mental health difficulties in adolescents. Purposivelyselected 269 participants (MA= 14.90, SD=1.67), out of which 12947.96%) were from Rolpa, a rural area and 140 (52.04%) were fromKathmandu, an urban area responded to Adverse ChildhoodExperiences International Questionnaire (ACEs-IQ) and Strengths andDifficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Data were analyzed using StatisticalPackage for the Social Sciences (SPSS version-21). A high prevalence ofACEs and behavioral difficulties were found among the participants.Among the ACEs category, the prevalence of physical abuse (91.5%) andcommunity violence (96.7%) were at a higher level. Similarly, conductproblems (18.9%) and peer problems (9.29%) were higher among SDQcomponents. Participants from Kathmandu reported significantlyhigher ACEs than participants from Rolpa. Participants from Rolpa hadsignificantly higher total difficulties than participants fromKathmandu. Participants from Kathmandu reported significantly fewermental health difficulties than participants from Rolpa even thoughthey had significantly higher ACES.Keywords: ACEs, strengths, difficulties, behavioral problems, adolescents
Recency is Sufficient for Reconciling Categorisation and Memory: Reply to Devraj et al. (2024)
Authors: Hutchinson Daniel Robert , Osth Adam F , Little Daniel R.
Published: October 2024

Devraj et al. (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. doi:10.3758/s13423-023-02448-2, 2024) presented evidence which they claimed demonstrated that people adapt their categorisation strategies to task demands. When items are distributed uniformly across time as is the standard procedure in categorisation experiments, participants initially classify items based on similarity to category prototypes. Over time, as more detailed exemplar representations of categories are formed, people shift towards utilising exemplar-based classification for increased performance. By contrast, if itemsare experienced less frequently over time as is commonly observed in real-world conditions, participants instead seem to initially employ an exemplar strategy and then shift towards prototype classification. By re-analysing the same data, we argue instead that this pattern can be solely understood as differences in accuracy in categorising exception items over time; consequently, the presented evidence is insufficient to distinguish between a strategy-shift and a more parsimonious exemplar-forgetting account. Rule-plus-exception category structures are equally well fit by exemplar and prototype models when exception performance low; however as exception accuracy increases, an exemplar model advantage emerges. As such, while relative model fit could indicate a shift between classification strategies, an exemplar-only strategy can produce identical trends if performance varies. Additionally, although their experimental design successfully introduced a distributional manipulation, this systematically influenced stimulus recency. We found that while a mixture model of strategy-shifting provided a good fit to data, an exemplar-only model sensitive to recency was equally effective. While a strategy-shift remains plausible, we suggest that a single system model provides a more parsimonious account of the present data and can also reconcile the perceived tension between categorisation and memory findings.
Social Disaster and Racial Framing Contests: How Anti-Asian Racism and its Resistance Enacted Racial Projects During COVID-19
Authors: Regla-Vargas Alejandra , Yazdiha Hajar , Alvero AJ
Published: October 2024

This study examines the dynamics of social disasters in the context of anti-Asian hate speech and counter-hate speech on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using the COVID-HATE dataset (n = 2,491,405 tweets posted January 15, 2020 to March 26, 2021) , we analyze racial framing contests between movements and counter-movements. Through a mixed-methods approach, we find that: (1) the WHO's pandemic declaration triggered a significant increase in anti-Asian hate tweets, with counter-hate tweets emerging in response; (2) hate frames deployed racial projects characterizing Asians as public health and national security threats, while counter-frames either directly challenged these characterizations or bypassed them to focus on systemic racism; and (3) hate and counter-hate movements often "spoke past" each other rather than engaging in direct frame-counterframe dynamics as prevailing theories would predict. Counter-movements did not consistently produce opposing frames for each hate frame but rather developed independent messaging focused on combating racism itself. This study advances our understanding of how both hate and resistance operate through racial projects, with implications for theories of social movements, political communication, and racial formation.
Pengaruh pengolahan batu kapur terhadap pencemaran lingkungan
Authors: DAWILE YUNIARTI
Published: October 2024

Pengolahan batu gamping/kapur (limestone) mempunyai dampak yang positif dan negatif kepada masyarakat dan lingkungan. Di satu pihak akan memberikan keuntungan berupa memberikan lapangan pekerjaan, mempermudah komunikasi dan transportasi serta akhimya meningkatkan ekonomi dan sosial masyarakat. Di pihak lain dapat timbul dampak negatif karena paparan zat-zat yang terjadi pada proses pengolahan batu kapur tersebut.
International Scientific and Practical Conference “Problems of Soil Fertility in Current Agriculture” dedicated to the 70th anniversary of virgin and abandoned lands development (Krasnoyarsk, June 24–28, 2024)
Authors:   Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the RAS", Shpedt A.A. , Lipshin А.G. ,   Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture – Division of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the RAS”, Kozulina N.S. ,   Krasnoyarsk Research Institute of Agriculture – Division of Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the RAS”, Nechaeva Т.V. ,   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Gopp N.V. ,   Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2024

International Scientific and Practical Conference “Soil fertility problems in current agriculture” (hereinafter referred to as Conference) took place on June 24–28, 2024, in Krasnoyarsk (Russia) to mark 70 years since virgin and long-abandoned lands were put into the agricultural use. The Conference attracted more than hundred participants, including three full and two corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 doctors and 46 candidates of sciences, as well as postgraduate and doctoral students, researchers from the scientific centers and institutes of Krasnoyarsk and other regions of Russia, and also from Kazakhstan and Belarus. Sectional topics were as following: changes in soil and agrochemical properties during agricultural land use; urgent issues in soil degradation and soil-protection agriculture; assessment and regulation of soil fertility and agricultural productivity; the role of species and cultivar composition of agrocenoses in soil production capacity; digital technologies in agriculture, remote and ground monitoring of agroecosystems; history of virgin and abandoned lands development. The plenary lectures and other Conference materials are published in a book “Soil fertility problems in current agriculture” (2024). Besides the plenary and sectional events, the Conference participants attended a field trip to see experimental fields and soil profiles in Krasnoyarsk Region and Khakassia and enjoyed excursions around Krasnoyarsk and the National Park “Krasnoyarskiye Stolby”. The Conference provided a forum for discussing diverse and the most urgent issues of current agriculture and for getting acquainted with new approaches, concepts and technologies, applied in various spheres of agronomy for solving land use and soil preservation problems. The Conference participants, emphasizing its importance, expressed their confidence that Conference results and resolution will promote the progress of the agricultural industry in Russia.
Acquisition Practice in Nepalese Banking and its Financial Impact on Acquiring Bank
Authors: Rashesh Vaidya  , Dhan Raj Chalise
Published: October 2024

An acquisition is a strategic tool to enhance a competitive advantage. However, the acquisition practice in the Nepalese banking industry is done to strengthen the capital base of the acquiring bank and reduce the number of banks and financial institutions in the industry. The paper considers the commercial banks that have exercised acquisitions of other financial institutions since the enactment of the Acquisition Bylaws in 2013. Nepal Rastra Bank, has enacted acts and bylaws related to the acquisition of financial institutions. After the enactment of the Acquisition Bylaws in 2013, the number of development banks and finance companies heavily declined in the Nepalese financial market, as did the number of commercial banks, which also dropped through acquisitions and mergers between commercial banks. The results found that acquisition practices strengthen the capital base and manage the liquidity position of the acquiring commercial banks. Nevertheless, the acquiring bank needs to manage the non-performing loan, integrate human resources and accounting systems, and ultimately satisfy the shareholders of the acquired banks and financial institutions, as well as its own human resources and shareholders.
Evaluation of Soil Water Tension Trigger Levels for Optimizing Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Yield and Irrigation Water Use Efficiency
Authors: Porter W.M. , Tostenson M.L. , Reagin K.R. , Tubbs R.S. , Smith A.R.
Published: October 2024

Irrigation technologies have provided the ability for growers to effectively manage crops. In recent years, soil moisture sensors have provided more precise soil moisture readings for continued improvement of irrigation decisions. Trigger level irrigation research was first performed on corn (Zea mays L.) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), but southeastern crop growers often include peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in crop rotations. Therefore, research was performed on peanut to determine how differing soil water tension (SWT) trigger levels affected peanut yield. Soil water tension sensors connected to a real-time data logger were used to test irrigation trigger levels in peanut plots during the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons at the University of Georgia (UGA) Stripling Irrigation Research Park (SIRP) in Camilla, Georgia. Nine different treatments were implemented, which included 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 kPa SWT, USDA-ARS Irrigator Pro, UGA Checkbook, 50% UGA Checkbook, and rainfed. Twenty-seven plots were established in a randomized complete block design with three replications. At the conclusion of this study, it was determined that there were no differences on yield within year, but year had an effect on peanut yield (P < 0.05), and treatment within year had a significant effect on irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) (P < 0.05).
Культура мовлення юристів у текстах документів
Authors: Podolianchuk Olha
Published: October 2024

У статті розглянуто питання культури мовлення юристів, визначено роль культури мовлення юристів у текстах документів. Культура мовлення є одним із пріоритетів національного відродження  української культури загалом, позаяк мова – не лише носій інформації, а й рушій у вирішенні всіх питань та у піднесенні культури і духовності народу. Тому знання української мови  та використання у професійній сфері є не лише гарантом взаєморозуміння, а й візитівка юриста, адже грамотність та освіченість юриста, його вміння подати матеріал відповідно до мовних норм і стандартів є запорукою успіху в кожній справі.
Запропоновано рекомендації щодо підвищення рівня культури мовлення юристів у текстах документів, зокрема: оволодіння літературними нормами сучасної української мови згідно з чинним  правописом, формування навичок культури писемної мови, вміння точно, логічно та послідовно, лаконічно й виразно, відповідно до умов комунікації висловлювати власні міркування, передавати необхідну інформацію, удосконалення комунікативних умінь і навичок мовців та створення текстів документів.
Persuasion Through Multimodality in Advertisements
Authors: - Zakirullah , Nasir Salman , Ullah Sami
Published: October 2024

This study examines the persuasive and appealing multi-modes created in advertisements by advertisers, as well as how they convince and affect viewers and buyers. This research focuses on the signs, symbols, and multimodality. For this purpose, Multi-modal Discourse Analysis (MDA) of Kress & Leeuwen, (1996) is employed as a framework in order to analyze the advertisements. There are three basic functions namely compositional, interactional, and representational that affect the other components in the photos in a certain way. Moreover, Random sampling technique is used to collect the data for this study. The collected data is analyzed in terms of semiotics and multimodality and it has focused on the font size, boldness, and capitalization that is used in the selected advertisements. The findings give customers an insight into the advertising strategies used by the advertising agencies.
PEMBATALAN PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI TANAH AKIBAT ADANYA PEMALSUAN DATA DI HADAPAN PEJABAT PEMBUAT AKTA TANAH
Authors: Yoseph James Piere Ricard , Mustikowati Endang , Labatjo Ridwan , Harianto Asis , Marzuki Abdul Ukas
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis konsekuensi hukum dari pemalsuan data di hadapan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) dalam perjanjian jual beli tanah serta tanggung jawab Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT). Dalam penelitian ini metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian normatif. Pemalsuan data dalam perjanjian jual beli tanah dihadapan pejabat pembuat akta tanah (PPAT) merupakan tindakan yang melibatkan manipulasi atau penyajian informasi palsu atau tidak akurat dalam transaksi jual beli tanah. Akibatnya para pihak melakukan pembatalan akta jual beli tersebut dan melakukan gugatan perdata. Sedangkan PPAT memiliki peran penting dalam proses transaksi jual beli tanah. Tugas PPAT meliputi memastikan keabsahan dokumen, prosedur hukum, dan kebenaran data terkait tanah yang diperjualbelikan. PPAT bertanggung jawab untuk memastikan bahwa transaksi jual beli dilakukan secara sah dan sesuai dengan hukum. Jika terdapat pembatalan perjanjian jual beli tanah akibat adanya pemalsuan data, maka PPAT bertanggungjawab sebagai saksi di Pengadilan Negeri untuk memberikan penjelasan sehubungan dengan akta yang dibuatnya. PPAT tidak bertanggung jawab atas ketidakbenaran materiil yang dikemukakan oleh para pihak, apabila terdapat pihak yang bersangkutan dalam jual beli tanah mengantarkan data-data palsu seakan-akan asli. PPAT bertanggung jawab  atas kelalaian dan kesalahan isi akta yang dibuat di hadapannya. baik secara administratif, perdata, maupun pidana.
Clinical Analysis of a Case of EDKA Presenting with Acute Abdomen
Authors: Bai Lidong , Ni Ling
Published: October 2024

This study aims to explore the diagnostic and therapeutic methods for a patient with Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (EDKA) presenting primarily with acute abdomen. On December 12, 2021, our hospital admitted a patient who experienced abdominal pain and vomiting after drinking alcohol. Upon admission, the patient underwent laboratory tests including blood glucose, complete blood count, renal function, liver function, cardiac enzyme profile, urinalysis, and electrolytes, as well as gastroscopy. Based on the results of blood gas analysis and urine ketone bodies, combined with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, and recent oral administration of dapagliflozin, the patient was diagnosed with EDKA. The treatment involved large volumes of fluid replacement and administration of insulin with glucose to clear ketones. The patient's urine ketone levels gradually returned to normal, abdominal pain symptoms were relieved, and the patient was discharged in good condition. The incidence of EDKA is relatively low, making it prone to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis in clinical practice, which can delay treatment. Therefore, it is essential for physicians to be vigilant, integrate the results of various examinations, past medical history, and other factors for early and accurate diagnosis to formulate targeted treatment plans and improve patient prognosis.
The Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) on Microvascular Autonomic Movement
Authors: Wu Yugui , Teng Cheng Ern , Wu Linjun
Published: October 2024

This article aims to deeply explore the effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) acupoint stimulation on the autonomic movement of microvessels. Through a comprehensive analysis of related studies, the characteristics and mechanisms of action of PEMF are elaborated, and the physiological basis and importance of microvascular autonomic movement are introduced in detail. Combining a large number of experimental research results, the effects of PEMF on microvascular autonomic movement in various aspects are discussed, including the effects on vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, as well as the impact on hemorheology and microcirculation. At the same time, the potential and prospects of PEMF in clinical applications are analyzed, and prospects for future research directions are proposed.
Fas/FasL and Apoptosis/Non-apoptosis
Authors: Yu Yifei
Published: October 2024

The interaction of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) is an important player in regulating apoptosis while Fas/FasL is also found to be involved into non-apoptosis regulation, which made it more attractive. To understand Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) and its function in the apoptosis and non-apoptosis regulation, a wide search was done by using internationally well-known databases and relevant papers were selected. Evidences supported that Fas/FasL signaling apoptotic pathway played a crucial role in the regulation of cell death and proliferation in various cell types. Numerous molecules were involved in the precise regulation of Fas/FasL mediated apoptosis through complicated signalling cascades. Nevertheless, the traditional apoptotic pathway, Fas/FasL signaling pathway, was also disclosed to function in non-apoptotic regulation in T cells via the interaction between T cell receptor and Fas/FasL and therefore Fas/FasL could be pivotal in maintaining the homeostasis of peripheral T cells and immune system.
Research Progress on Nonsurgical Treatment of Postpartum Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Diseases
Authors: Zhang Li , Qian Min , Wang Lan , Chen Lulu
Published: October 2024

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) commonly affects women, reducing health and life quality. This review addresses the chronic impact of PFD, which results from weakened pelvic support and leads to organ prolapse and other issues. Globally noted, it covers symptoms like pelvic organ prolapse and incontinence, affecting postpartum women who may lack awareness. It stresses early detection and nonsurgical treatments, summarizing causes, classifications, and modern rehab strategies.
Efficacy and Safety of Tianma Gouteng Decoction in the Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wu Yiyi , Chen Bowei , Tan Jun , Liu Hong , Yuan Chunyun
Published: October 2024

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tianma Gouteng Decoction (TMGTY) in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: Eight databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, China Biomedical, PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Web of Science, were searched up to February 25, 2023. Two investigators independently screened articles, extracted data, evaluated quality, and performed a systematic review or meta-analysis. Results: 11 randomized controlled trials with 977 patients were included. Compared with conventional treatment alone, the combination of TMGTY with conventional treatment improved NIHSS scores (MD=-3.86, 95% CI: -6.42, -1.31, P=0.003), treatment efficiency (RR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.26, P<0.00001), and Barthel Index scores (MD=11.48, 95% CI: 9.71, 13.24, P<0.00001), while reducing complication rates (RR=0.24, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.45, P<0.00001), IL-6 (MD=-11.20, 95% CI: -13.84, -8.57, P<0.00001), and TNF-α levels (MD=-13.88, 95% CI: -16.73, -11.02, P<0.00001). Conclusion: Current clinical evidence suggests that TMGTY combined with conventional treatment is safe and effective in the treatment of ICH, more high-quality randomized controlled clinical trials are needed to validate and support the findings.
Mendelian Randomization Study of the Causal Relationship between PM2.5 and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Liu Xiaohong , He Meiyu , Wang Guibin
Published: October 2024

Background: In recent years, a large number of studies have evaluated the relationship between  particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and the incidence rate and mortality of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), but the conclusion is controversial. Methods: The publicly available statistical data from genome-wide association studies were used for two sample MR. Inverse variance weighted is used as the main analysis, MR Egger regression, maximum likelihood, simple median, and weighted median are used for supplementary validation. Results: MR analysis results indicate that for every standard deviation increase in PM2.5 exposure, the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) increases by 41% (95% CI: 1.10～1.82, P=0.008). However, there is no causal association between PM2.5 and NDDs such as Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and Dementia with Lewy bodies. Sensitivity analysis did not detect heterogeneity and pleiotropy, indicating that the analysis results are robust. Conclusion: There is a causal relationship between PM2.5 and the risk of AD, and reducing PM2.5 exposure may be of great significance for the prevention of AD.
Perioperative Nutritional Support Case Study for a Patient Undergoing Gluteus Maximus Flap Transfer Surgery for Pressure Ulcer
Authors: Zhang Yujun
Published: October 2024

Pressure ulcers are caused by prolonged pressure on local tissues, leading to continuous ischemia, hypoxia, and malnutrition, resulting in tissue necrosis. Patients with pressure ulcers often experience varying degrees of malnutrition due to gut flora imbalance and a hypercatabolic state. This paper documents the case of a patient with a sacral pressure ulcer admitted to the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University on November 28, 2023. Clinical nutrition treatment began on the second day of admission, including dietary guidance and enteral nutrition intervention. The patient's nutritional status gradually improved, leading to a successful recovery. By reviewing the nutritional treatment process and clinical outcomes, this case study provides valuable insights into the nutritional management of pressure ulcer patients.
Exploration of Collaborative Innovation Pathways in the Development of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty Teams
Authors: Li Li , Fang Zhiyuan , Yang Tongfei , Li Zhuo , Zhang Peng
Published: October 2024

Objective: To explore the collaborative innovation pathways for the development of clinical pharmacy faculty teams. Methods: Taking clinical pharmacy faculty in Shaanxi Province as the research subjects, the study investigates their current status and identifies existing issues. Based on these findings, collaborative innovation pathways for building clinical pharmacy faculty teams are proposed. The pathways are then implemented and evaluated to determine the final approach. Results: The proposed pathways include the establishment of collaborative bases for clinical pharmacy talent training, the creation of an internal mechanism for the collaborative development of clinical pharmacy faculty across multiple units, the development of a faculty training mechanism for instructors at clinical pharmacy internship bases, and the establishment of a collaborative incentive and competition mechanism combining universities and hospitals. Conclusion: This collaborative pathway meets the urgent needs of resource sharing, complementary strengths, cooperative problem-solving, and collaborative innovation. It aims to improve teaching quality and cultivate clinical pharmacy talents for society.
Das deutsche Gesundheitswesen kompakt 2024
Authors: Fischer Guntram
Published: October 2024

Das deutsche Gesundheitssystem befindet sich in einem Veränderungsprozess. Krankenhäuser werden geschlossen, Ärzte, Pflegepersonal und Apotheken streiken, Arztpraxen schließen mangels Nachfolgelösungen ? und das obwohl jährlich von den gesetzlichen Krankenversicherungen mehr als 270 Milliarden Euro für die Gesundheitsversorgung ausgegeben werden. Seitens der Politik werden zudem ständig neue sozialgesetzliche Regelungen eingeführt. Doch nach welchen Grundsätzen funktioniert dieses System eigentlich? Handelt es sich überhaupt um ein einheitliches System oder laufen unterschiedliche Strukturen der Finanzierung und Organisation unabgestimmt nebeneinander? Wer plant was und wer ist für welchen Bereich zuständig? Und ist das System ?demografiefest??Die Unübersichtlichkeit in Verbindung mit fehlender Systemkenntnis führt zu Irritationen bis hin zu Frustration sowohl in der Bevölkerung als auch bei den im Gesundheitswesen tätigen Menschen. Dieses Buch stellt in nachvollziehbarer Weise die Finanzierungs- und Organisationsstrukturen der gesamten Akutversorgung dar und klärt über die Zusammenhänge zwischen der gesetzlichen Grundlage im SGB V, der Finanzierung des Gesundheitssystems und der Rolle des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss auf.Darauf aufbauend werden potenzielle Entwicklungen und Strukturänderungen aufgezeigt, durch die das Arbeiten im deutschen Gesundheitssystem auch in Zukunft für junge Menschen attraktiv bleibt.
Resignificar la vida. Críticas a las nuevas eugenesias en América Latina
Authors:   9786075812540, Sánchez Delgado Marcelo
Published: October 2024

Marcelo Sánchez Delgado reflexiona y se cuestiona la teoría de la eugenesia en el contexto de América Latina. Desde la mirada historiográfica revela, entre otros aspectos, la centralidad de la eugenesia en las políticas sanitarias de la primera mitad del siglo XX en la región. Considera la religión, la higiene mental, la migración o los animales como rectores eje de los Estados nación respecto de la eugenesia, estudiándolos también desde perspectivas filosóficas.
DIVIDEND POLICY IN MAINLAND CHINA AND THE US: A STUDY ON NON-FINANCIAL LISTED COMPANIES
Authors: Boo Hooi Laing , Tan Bee Wah
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to assess the common characteristics of dividend payers and non-payers in both China and the US, as well as the stability of dividend policies in each respective nation. The study addresses issues related to catering theory, signal theory, smoothing assumptions, and Fama-French hypotheses. Our analysis covers 509 non-financial firms during the period 2006-2016, comprising 419 firms from the US and 90 firms from China. The multinomial regression reveals that past dividend payouts are critical in explaining dividend policy in both the US and China. Firms that have consistently paid higher dividends in the preceding year are more likely to opt for dividend increases rather than omitting dividends, thus aligning with the dividend smoothing hypothesis. Additionally, firm size and stock market performance were found to be significantly influencing dividend payouts across different categories in both the US and China. However, US firms primarily drove dividend payouts through profitability and the dividend premium, while firm size and leverage heavily influenced Chinese dividends. Interestingly, Chinese firms appear to practice a less sticky dividend policy than US firms, implying that the role played by dividend policy in signalling and catering theories in China is less significant than in the US.
Coordinating Standard Procedures of Disciplinary Actions to Conflict Resolution Techniques to Facilitate Conducive Working Environment in Zamboanga Sibugay Division
Authors: Dendo Escalante Busaco
Published: October 2024

Ensuring a productive and happy work environment in educational institutions requires effective management of employee discipline and conflict resolution. This study fills in the knowledge gap about how Zamboanga Sibugay school administrators handle conflicts and use disciplinary measures. It aims to provide insights into better administrative tactics by assessing the efficacy of these practices and their effects on the workplace. This study uses a mixed-methods approach to evaluate how school administrators handle disciplinary measures and resolve conflicts. Structured questionnaires were utilized to gather quantitative data, and interviews with school officials yielded qualitative insights. The data was analyzed using statistical methods such as t-tests and z-tests, which revealed significant differences and correlations in the use of these practices. Results of the study showed that formal written warnings, formal disciplinary sessions, and verbal warnings are routinely used by school administration as forms of discipline, and the most common disciplinary action is suspension or loss of privileges, whereas termination is the least common. Furthermore, the most often used conflict resolution strategies include compromise, problem-solving teamwork, and compromise. Lastly, there were minimal relationships between the two sets of data, but significant variations were observed in the implementation of disciplinary actions and dispute-resolution strategies. The study concludes that although Zamboanga Sibugay school administrators generally follow established disciplinary procedures and conflict resolution strategies, there are variances in how they implement them. The most common disciplinary measure is suspension or loss of privileges, while the most common method of resolving conflicts is compromise. The results emphasize the necessity of a more coordinated strategy to improve company culture and successfully resolve conflicts. The study thus recommends modifications to improve organizational culture and offers insights into the effectiveness of present methods.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN MENTIMUN (Cucumis sativus L.) PADA PEMBERIAN PUPUK KANDANG KUDA DAN NPK MUTIARA
Authors: Nurbaena Nurbaena , Ibrahim Bakhtiar , Robbo Anwar
Published: October 2024

The Bonto Parang Agricultural Technology Assessment Center (BPTP) installation in South Tolo Village, Kelara District, Jeneponto Regency was the location for this research. Between June and August 2022, this research was conducted. how horse manure and NPK Mutiara 16:16:16 fertilizer affect the growth and production of cucumber plants. The second and third objectives were to determine the effect of horse manure and NPK Mutiara 16:16:16 on the growth and production of cucumber plants. The experiment used in this research was a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with three replications, or 27 experiments, and looked at two factors, namely the first factor was horse manure P1:P2: 15 kg per plot P3: 30 kg per plot: 45 kg /plot, and NPK Mutiara 16:16:16 N1 is the second factor.N2: 0.15g/plotN3: 0.30g/plot:0.45g/plot. This research looked at the following parameters: plant height, number of leaves, flowering age, sample fruit weight, fruit weight in the plot, number of fruit, and fruit length. The results showed that the parameters of flowering age, number of fruit plants, fruit weight per plant, fruit weight per plot, and fruit length were influenced by horse manure. All observation parameters are influenced by the interaction between the two factors at the same time.
PENGARUH BERBAGAI JENIS DAN DOSIS PUPUK NPK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata STURT L.)
Authors: Wadi Hamzan , Edy Edy , HS Suriyanti
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of different types of NPK fertiliser on the growth and production of sweet corn plants. The research was conducted from mid-March to June 2021 on dryland, Cendana Hijau Village, Wotu Sub-district, East Luwu Regency, South Sulawesi. The research used the method of group randomised design (RAK) factorial pattern of 2 factors consisting of the first factor is the type of NPK fertiliser consisting of 2 treatment levels and the second factor is the dose of fertiliser consisting of 4 treatment levels. The results showed that in general the use of NPK Phonksa fertiliser was better than the use of NPK Pelangi fertiliser.
INVENTARISASI SERANGAN PENYAKIT BUSUK PELEPAH (Rhizoctonia solani Khun) PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) DI KABUPATEN MAROS
Authors: Juliana Juliana , Parawansa Ayu Kartini , Nontji Maimuna
Published: October 2024

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the cereal crops that is included in important food ingredients because it has a carbohydrate source. It is the third major food crop after rice and maize in the world. This study aims to determine the intensity of midrib rot disease (Rhizoctonia solani) on maize (Zea mays L.) in Maros Regency. It was carried out in the Pest and Disease laboratory at the Indonesian Muslim University and the Hasanuddin University Disease Laboratory and in the field carried out in Maros Regency, for 3 months, starting from June to August. The materials used were 70% alcohol, aquades, 200 grams of potatoes, 20 grams of sugar, 20 grams of gelatin, 1 tablet of chloramphenicol and corn plants that were attacked by midrib rot disease in Maros Regency. While the tools used in this study were petri dishes, stationery, stirring rods, measuring instruments, oven, Erlenmeyer glass, laminar air flow, aluminum foil, pan, magnetic hot-plate, microscope, filter paper and camera. This study uses a survey method by direct observation in the field. The fronds infected with midrib rot disease (Rhizoctonia solani) were taken and then taken to the laboratory to identify the fungus Rhizoctonia solani. Based on table 2. it is known that the average intensity of midrib rot disease during four observations where there are five varieties that have a medium category, namely NK 212, NK Perkasa, R7, Bisi 321 and Pertiwi 6, while the other two varieties are in the category light, namely Bisi 959 and Pertiwi 5.
ISOLASI DAN INTENSITAS SERANGAN PENYAKIT BULAI (Peronosclerospora philippinensis Shaw) PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) DI KABUPATEN MAROS
Authors: Sulfitri Nurulhikma Fadilla , Parawansa Ayu Kartini , Gani Mahir S.
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the isolation and intensity of downy mildew (Peronosclerospora philippinensis) on maize (Zea mays L.) in Maros Regency during the 2022 planting period. This research was carried out on agricultural land in Pucak Village, Tompobulu District, Maros Regency and at the Pest Laboratory. and Diseases of the Indonesian Muslim University and the Hasanuddin University Disease Laboratory. This research was carried out for 3 months, starting from June to August 2022. The materials and tools used were leaves that were attacked by downy mildew, 2% sugar water, methylene blue, aquades, microscopes, scissors, glass objects, masking tape, tissue towels, plastic clips, camera and stationery. This study uses a survey method by direct observation in the field. Downy mildew leaves are taken and then taken to the laboratory to identify the fungus that causes downy mildew. Based on microscopic observations, Peronosclerospora philippinensis species were found with ovoid shape and thin walls. The results of the observation that the intensity of downy mildew in the field in the first month was 20% with the moderate attack intensity category, then in the second month it increased to 70.2% with the severe category and in the third month which was the highest attack intensity with an average of 96.7%. with the puso category which means that of the 30 plants observed, 29 were attacked by downy mildew. The attack intensity which reaches 96.7% can no longer be used as a seed source.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BERBAGAI JENIS MULSA ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.) DI DATARAN RENDAH
Authors: Sukma Batari , Nontji Maimuna , Haris Abdul
Published: October 2024

This research was carried out in Alaulangkara Hamlet, Laerung Village, Majauleng District, Kab. Wajo. This research was conducted from May 2022 to August 2022. This study aimed to determine the effect of various types of organic and inorganic mulch on the growth and production of shallots in the Lowlands (Allium ascalonicum L.). This research was conducted in a randomized block design (RAK) with M0 (control), M1 (banana leaf mulch), M2 (straw mulch), M3 (alang-alang mulch), M4 (plastic mulch), and M5 (sack mulch). ). Each experiment contained six treatments, then repeated three times, so that in total there were 18 research units. The results of this study concluded that the use of black plastic mulch gave the most effect on plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, weight of tuber beds and weight of tubers per hectare.
Infestation of isopod Norileca indica in big-eye scad Selar crumenopthalmus off Panay Gulf, Philippines
Authors: Conserva-Guanzon Grace S. , Ballad Emma Legaspi
Published: October 2024

The big-eye scad Selar crumenopthalmus is a commercially important fish species in the Philippines and is not exempted from parasite infestation. Thus, study aims to determine the prevalence and intensity of isopod infestation in fish, percentage reduction of respiratory surface area of gill filaments and condition factor of the fish. A total of 274 fish samples (mean FL 142 ± 5.88 mm) were collected and examined from Panay Gulf, Philippines. The prevalence and mean intensity of isopod, Norileca indica is 9.49 % and two isopods per fish (mean FL 142 ± 5.88mm), respectively. In fish samples with infestation in both pair of gills, the percentage reduction in gill area decreases in line with increasing fish length. However, there is no significant difference between the reductions of gill area of uninfested and infested fish (p > 0.05). Moreover, there was also no clear trend and no significant difference in the condition factors of infested and uninfested fish (p > 0.05). Presence of the parasite may hinder in the food intake of fish and may prevent supply of blood to other parts of fish body which may led to stunted growth of host fish. However, fishes infested with parasite were not significantly considered as less healthy as cause of the infestation of isopod without considering other factors that would affect the fish overall state.
Highlights

In fishes infested with male isopod on one side and female isopod counterpart on the opposite side showed that the percentage reduction in gill area decreases in line with increasing fish length
Isopod infestation in fish is not highly correlated with poor health condition of the host fish.
There is no significant difference in the percent gill surface area reduction and condition factor of Norelica indica infested and uninfested fish.
A Comparative Study on Anemia, Gestational Diabetes and Gestational Hypertension during pregnancy in Rural, Semi Urban and Urban Hospitals in Bangladesh
Authors: Shadia Shamima Nasrin , Siddiqua Ayesha , Afroze Farzana
Published: October 2024

Most of the women in developing countries undergo health problems in full or part of the pregnancy period. Major complications of pregnancy are anemia, gestational hypertension, and Gestational Diabetes. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of anemia, gestational hypertension, and Gestational Diabetes among antenatal women in rural, semi-urban, and urban hospitals. The study was conducted among 384 pregnant mothers who attended for ANC in OPD of Gonosashasthaya Samaj Vittik Medical College Hospital (Savar) , Gonosasthaya Nogor Hospital, (Dhanmondi), Sub-center of Gonosasthaya Kendro (Shimulia, Panisail, Barobaria, Delduwar, Shripur ) from December 2021 to November 2022 by consecutive sampling. The age range of the patients was 18 to 40 years. Mean age was 24.74 years. In this study majority of population 169 (44%) were in age group 18 - 22 years. Most of the pregnant women 291(76%) were housewives, lived in Nuclear families 253(66%) and the maximum population were from lower middle 134 (35%) socio-economic condition. A significant number of pregnant mother ,98(26%) were anemic, 38(10%) had GDM and only 34(9%) were gestational hypertension. Anemia is comparatively more in rural and semi-urban than urban. GDM and gestational hypertension is more in urban areas than rural and semi urban followed by 14(11%) and 20(16%) respectively. Special attention of policy makers, health professional, public health researchers, and the community is required on this regards. So early diagnosis and treatment is required to avoid long-term health problems of the mother and her offspring.
EWMCJ Vol. 12, No. 1&2, January-July 2024: 9-13
Knowledge on Foot Ulcer among Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Public Hospital
Authors: Haque Md Modassher , Ahsan Gias U , Hossain Ahmed , Hossain Hawlader Mohammad Delwer , Leena Ms Khadija
Published: October 2024

Background: The main purpose of the study was the knowledge of foot ulcer among diabetic patients, a cross-sectional study in a public hospital. The number of patients who suffering from Diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing in our country. Methods: The study was an analytical cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of males and females who were suffering from diabetes mellitus in the emergency department of Fatima General Hospital. This study was conducted in the Emergency department of Fatima General Hospital. The sample size was 119,8 weeks from October 2017 to November 2017. Data was collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. the interview was focused on obtaining information about the higher-risk foot ulcers in Diabetic patients in Dhaka. Results: The depth of knowledge of foot ulcers among the diabetic patient was poor. Employed patients were more knowledgeable than the unemployed. Also, smokers & female patients were more knowledgeable than the rest.
EWMCJ Vol. 12, No. 1&2, January-July 2024: 34-42
National Early Warning Score 2 to Predict ICU Admission of COVID-19 Patients in Bangladeshi Cohort
Authors: Islam Md Jahidul , Hossain Md Moazzem , Nik Ab Rahman Nik Hisamuddin , Billah Baki , Kakoly Nadira Sultana , Rashid Md Humayun
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess the predictive accuracy of the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS 2) for early prediction of clinical deterioration (ICU admission) of COVID-19- infected patients in Bangladesh. Methods: Data from 244 patients with COVID-19 infection admitted from July 2021- September 2021, to the Aichi Hospital Ltd, Bangladesh, were retrospectively reviewed. Consecutive adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 initially admitted to non- ICU wards were included. Categorical and quantitative variables were expressed as numbers (percentages) and median (interquartile range, IQR). We evaluated the predictive performance of NEWS2 to predict ICU admission by comparing the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) at thresholds 5 and 7 and assessed its association with ICU admission by performing multivariate logistic analyses. STATA conducted all the statistical analyses. Results: Among the included 218 patients, 68 patients were transferred to ICU. The AUROC was 0.96 (Standard error 0.01, 95% confidence interval 0.93-0.98), revealing that NEWS2 at hospital admission was a good predictor of ICU admission. A NEWS2 threshold of 5 had higher sensitivity than a threshold of 7 (72.06% and 29.41%). A point of 7 also had high specificity (99.33% and 63.33%) and a high positive predictive value than a threshold of 5 (95.24% vs. 47.12%). The NEWS2 entries 5 and 7 were related to ICU admission found in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Our results suggest that NEWS2 at hospital admission is a good predictor for ICU admission of COVID-19 patients in Bangladesh. Screening patients at admission with this tool may identify patients at risk of clinical deterioration and help in better management.
EWMCJ Vol. 12, No. 1&2, January-July 2024: 60-65
Jejunal Atresia in Preterm, LBW with Clinical Diagnosis of Down Syndrome Undergoing PA Without NICU and Uneventful Recovery
Authors: Karmakaer Raghu Nath , Khan Nadiuzzaman
Published: October 2024

Jejunal atresia is a rare congenital obstruction of the small intestine that necessitates prompt surgical intervention. This paper describes the successful primary anastomosis procedure for jejunal atresia in an 8-month-old premature, preterm, low birth weight baby with a clinical diagnosis of Down syndrome. Interestingly, the patient recovered without incident and did not require support in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). In a setting with limited resources, this case demonstrates the viability of treating jejunal atresia with primary anastomosis and emphasizes the criticality of prompt surgical intervention and attentive postoperative care for the best possible results.
EWMCJ Vol. 12, No. 1&2, January-July 2024: 104-106
Association between Clinical Features and Risk Factors for Breast Cancer through a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ara Ismat , Ali Md Hasan , Sultana Farzana , Aziz Sharkar Rushdi , Munmun Samiha Tasnim , Nusrat Farzana
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Breast cancer was responsible for 685,000 deaths worldwide in 2020. Approximately half of all breast cancers arise in women who have no identifiable risk factors other than their gender and age. Objectives: The goal of this study was to determine the association between clinical features and breast cancer risk factors. 
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 histologically confirmed breast cancer patients included by purposive sampling technique in the Surgery Department of Rangpur Medical College, Rangpur.
Results: The presence of breast lump was significantly associated with the residence of patients (p value<0.011). The significant association between nipple retraction and family history may indicate a hereditary predisposition that affects the course of the disease (p value<0.031).
Conclusion: This research provides insights into vital aspects of breast cancer within a particular demographic, under scoring the necessity for focused approaches to public health to address the discrepancies in breast cancer presentation and outcomes.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2024; 42: 321-328