bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTRINSIC PARAMETERS OF DRY CHOPPED MISCANTHUS FOR COLD PARTICLE DYNAMIC MODELING
Authors: - Pasymi , Budhi Yogi Wibisono , Bindar Yazid
Published: September 2020

Miscanthus is a bioenergy crop that is very easy to cultivate. It has high volatile content with an average energy value of about 18.8 MJ/kg on a dry basis. With the benefits mentioned above, Miscanthus is potential as a fuel for the suspended furnace. Therefore, the furnace design for the Miscanthus particle needs to be developed immediately. A relatively fast and low-cost technique to develop a burner furnace design is the modeling. This study aims to determine the intrinsic parameter values of dry Miscanthus particles needed in cold particle dynamic modeling. The various reasonable experimental techniques were used to obtain these parameter’s values. Then, a series of simulations and experiments of dry chopped Miscanthus dynamic in a special burner was conducted to assess the conformity of these values. The intrinsic parameters values of dry chopped Miscanthus obtained are as follows; shape factor (fs) 0.52, true particle density (ρp) 245 kg m-3, minimum, maximum, and mean particle diameters (dp) 106, 9520, and 1384 µm respectively, and spread parameter (n) 1.22. Qualitatively, the particle dynamic simulation results, using RSM and k-e models, showed similar particle pathlines to the experiment results, in terms of the frequency and intersection of the helical structure formed in the burner cylinder. It indicates that the intrinsic parameter values obtained in this study are reliable results and can be used for further simulation works. In addition, particle dynamics experiments and simulations also revealed that the particle pathline in the burner cylinder tend to move near the cylinder wall in a helical pattern; a single helix pattern in a single tangential inlet burner and a double helix pattern in a double tangential inlets burner. Regardless of the effect of the tangential inlet number, the helical pattern in the burner cylinder was also influenced by the initial swirl number (ISN) of the flow. The lower the ISN, the lower the helical frequency formed and vice versa. This study also proved that at low to moderate swirl intensities, the k-e turbulent model can be relied upon to model particle dynamics in a cyclone burner.
Under-reported relationship: a comparative study of pharmaceutical industry and patient organisation payment disclosures in the UK (2012–2016)
Authors: Ozieranski Piotr , Csanádi Marcell , Rickard Emily , Mulinari Shai
Published: September 2020

Objectives

To examine the under-reporting of pharmaceutical company payments to patient organisations by donors and recipients.

Design

Comparative descriptive analysis of payments disclosed on drug company and charity regulator websites.

Setting

UK.

Participants

87 donors (drug companies) and 425 recipients (patient organisations) reporting payments in 2012–2016.

Main outcome measures

Number and value of payments reported by donors and recipients; differences in reported payments from/to the same donors and recipients; payments reported in either dataset but not the other one; agreement between donor–recipient ties established by payments; overlap between donor and recipient lists and, respectively, industry and patient organisation data.

Results

Of 87 donors, 63 (72.4%) reported payments but 84 (96.6%) were mentioned by recipients. Although donors listed 425 recipients, only 200 (47.1%) reported payments. The number and value of payments reported by donors were 259.8% and 163.7% greater than those reported by recipients, respectively. The number of donors with matching payment numbers and values in both datasets were 3.4% and 0.0%, respectively; for recipients these figures were 7.8% and 1.9%. There were 24 and 3 donors missing from industry and patient organisation data during the entire study period, representing 38.1% and 3.6% of those in the respective datasets. The share of donor–recipient ties in which industry and patient organisation data agreed about donors and recipients was 38.9% and 68.4% in each dataset, respectively. Of 63 donors reporting payments, only 3 (4.8%) had their recipient lists fully overlapping with patient organisation data. Of 200 recipients reporting industry funding, 102 (51.0%) had their donor lists fully overlapping with industry data.

Conclusions

Both donors and recipients under-reported payments. Existing donor and recipient disclosure systems cannot manage potential conflicts of interest associated with industry payments. Increased standardisation could limit the under-reporting by each side but only an integrated donor–recipient database could eliminate it.
Gut microbiota steroid sexual dimorphism and its impact on gonadal steroids: influences of obesity and menopausal status
Authors: Mayneris-Perxachs Jordi , Arnoriaga-Rodríguez María , Luque-Córdoba Diego , Priego-Capote Feliciano , Pérez-Brocal Vicente , Moya Andrés , Burokas Aurelijus , Maldonado Rafael , Fernández-Real José-Manuel
Published: September 2020

Background

Gonadal steroid hormones have been suggested as the underlying mechanism responsible for the sexual dimorphism observed in metabolic diseases. Animal studies have also evidenced a causal role of the gut microbiome and metabolic health. However, the role of sexual dimorphism in the gut microbiota and the potential role of the microbiome in influencing sex steroid hormones and shaping sexually dimorphic susceptibility to disease have been largely overlooked. Although there is some evidence of sex-specific differences in the gut microbiota diversity, composition, and functionality, the results are inconsistent. Importantly, most of these studies have not taken into account the gonadal steroid status. Therefore, we investigated the gut microbiome composition and functionality in relation to sex, menopausal status, and circulating sex steroids.

Results

No significant differences were found in alpha diversity indices among pre- and post-menopausal women and men, but beta diversity differed among groups. The gut microbiota from post-menopausal women was more similar to men than to pre-menopausal women. Metagenome functional analyses revealed no significant differences between post-menopausal women and men. Gonadal steroids were specifically associated with these differences. Hence, the gut microbiota of pre-menopausal women was more enriched in genes from the steroid biosynthesis and degradation pathways, with the former having the strongest fold change among all associated pathways. Microbial steroid pathways also had significant associations with the plasma levels of testosterone and progesterone. In addition, a specific microbiome signature was able to predict the circulating testosterone levels at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. In addition, this microbiome signature could be transmitted from humans to antibiotic-induced microbiome-depleted male mice, being able to predict donor’s testosterone levels 4 weeks later, implying that the microbiota profile of the recipient mouse was influenced by the donor’s gender. Finally, obesity eliminated most of the differences observed among non-obese pre-menopausal women, post-menopausal women, and men in the gut microbiota composition (Bray-Curtis and weighted unifrac beta diversity), functionality, and the gonadal steroid status.

Conclusions

The present findings evidence clear differences in the gut microbial composition and functionality between men and women, which is eliminated by both menopausal and obesity status. We also reveal a tight link between the gut microbiota composition and the circulating levels of gonadal steroids, particularly testosterone.
Effects of Short-Term Unilateral Strength Training on Measures of Postural Control When Wearing “Operationally Relevant” Backpack Loads
Authors: Krajewski Kellen T. , Bansbach Heather M. , McLean Lucy , McKenzie Clive , Rawcliffe Alex , Graham Scott M. , Flanagan Shawn D. , Pourmoghaddam Amir , Dettmer Marius , Connaboy Chris
Published: September 2020

Krajewski, KT, Bansbach, HM, McLean, L, McKenzie, C, Rawcliffe, A, Graham, SM, Flanagan, SD, Pourmoghaddam, A, Dettmer, M, and Connaboy, C. Effects of short-term unilateral strength training on measures of postural control when wearing “operationally relevant” backpack loads. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2743–2750, 2020—To examine the effects of “operationally relevant” loads on postural stability and to determine the effects of unilateral and bilateral strength training programs on postural stability in healthy, recruit-aged men. Fifteen subjects were randomly assigned to either a unilateral (UL; n = 7) or bilateral (BL; n = 8) strength training group, which performed strength training 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Subjects completed the following pretest and post-test assessments: 1 repetition maximum in bilateral (1RM-BL) and unilateral (1RM-UL) stance positions and bilateral and unilateral balance tasks with eyes open and eyes closed. Balance tasks were performed over 3 loading conditions: body mass (BM), 50% BM, and 70% BM. Sample entropy (SE) and root mean square (RMS) were calculated from the center of pressures collected during each balance assessment. The UL strength training group showed significant improvement after training in both 1RM-UL (p < 0.01) and 1RM-BL (p < 0.01). The BL strength training group only showed significant improvement in 1RM-BL (p = 0.01). There was a significant main effect of load on RMS (p < 0.05) across all balance tasks with RMS increasing with increasing load. Sample entropy was found to decrease with increasing load in the unilateral eyes open and bilateral stance tasks. Significant increases in strength (∼10 to –29%) were observed; however, increased strength alone is not enough to mitigate the effects of load carriage on the postural control, even when training is performed in stance positions that are posturally challenging. Therefore, “operationally relevant” loads negatively impact postural stability in novice load carriers when assessing nonlinear measures.
Da Acádia à Colônia São Lourenço: a versão pomerana de uma canção cajun
Authors: Kuhn Silva Danilo
Published: September 2020

Através da análise de uma canção híbrida, Álas folóra, da banda Musical Boa Esperança, este artigo objetiva abordar o processo de hibridismo musical recriado de tradições exógenas dentro de uma tradição endógena: enquanto a referida canção está inserida em um contexto musical pomerano, na área de São Lourenço do Sul, região da Serra dos Tapes, sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, Jambalaya (on the Bayou), da qual a primeira é uma versão, advém da música country estadunidense e, ainda, contém elementos musicais da cultura cajun (descendentes de colonizadores franceses da Acádia, região do atual Canadá, posteriormente emigrados para o estado norte-americano da Luisiana). Este percurso cultural será analisado ao longo do texto à luz dos conceitos de hibridismo (CANCLINI, 2011), de fragmentação cultural (HALL 2002; 2011) e memória cultural (ASSMANN; CZAPLICKA, 1995). Conclui-se que o referido percurso reforça a visão contemporânea que questiona noções essencialistas acerca das identidades culturais e desconstrói entidades culturais fechadas.
Memória e a diáspora japonesa no Canadá: Obasan, de Joy Kogawa
Authors: Schneider Liane , Silva Leite Maria Do Rosário
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo discute, no romance Obasan, de Joy Kogawa, o papel da memória, direta ou indiretamente acessada, como busca por inserção transcultural por parte de indivíduos no entrelugar canadense. Através da análise da composição de Naomi, protagonista nipo-canadense da narrativa em análise, bem como da discussão de conceitos de memória e transculturalidade, indicamos como as práticas culturais herdadas pelos primeiros migrantes que estabeleceram essa diáspora enriquecem o diálogo e o pertencimento de sujeitos marcados por mais de uma cultura no espaço contemporâneo canadense. Apontamos que o acesso a informações, através de recuperação da memória familiar, pode ser a ferramenta para que o conflito identitário possa ser tratado de forma mais positiva, tanto ficcional quanto comunitariamente.
Política externa e diplomacia brasileira no século XXI: 37 questões em pauta – Entrevista com o Embaixador Paulo Roberto de Almeida
Authors: Axt Gunter
Published: September 2020

Paulo Roberto de Almeida é Doutor em Ciências Sociais (Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1984), Mestre em Planejamento Econômico (Universidade de Antuérpia, 1977), Licenciado em Ciências Sociais pela Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1975). É diplomata de carreira, por concurso direto, desde 1977. Serviu em diversos postos no exterior e exerceu funções na Secretaria de Estado, geralmente nas áreas de comércio, integração, finanças e investimentos. Foi professor de Sociologia Política no Instituto Rio Branco e na Universidade de Brasília (1986-87) e, desde 2004, é professor de Economia Política no Programa de Pós-Graduação (Mestrado e Doutorado) em Direito do Centro Universitário de Brasília (Uniceub). É editor adjunto da Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional, colabora com várias iniciativas no campo das Humanidades e Ciências Sociais, e participa de comitês editoriais de diversas publicações acadêmicas. De agosto de 2016 a março de 2019 foi Diretor do Instituto Brasileiro de Relações Internacionais (IPRI), afiliado à Fundação Alexandre de Gusmão (Funag), do Ministério das Relações Exteriores. Tem diversos livros publicados, sendo os mais recentes Marxismo e socialismo: trajetória de duas parábolas da era contemporânea (Brasília: Edição de Autor, 2019) e Miséria da diplomacia: a destruição da inteligência no Itamaraty (Boa Vista: Editora da UFRR, 2019). Mantém o blog Diplomatizzando. A entrevista, realizada em abril de 2020, discute aspectos da política externa e da diplomacia do Brasil no século XXI, sendo as relações bilaterais com o Canadá contempladas na análise.
The Development of E-Learning Media Based Moodle to Increase Science Development and Islamic Studies in STAIN Gajah Putih
Authors: Daulay Leni Agustina , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Zakaria Rahmanita
Published: September 2020

Along with the development of information technology, which more rapidly, the need of a concept and mechanism of Information Technology-based learning becomes inevitable. Then, concept known as e-learning take affect transformation of occurs conventional education into digital form, both the content and the system that is bridged by the technology of internet. The concept of e-learning gives the possibility of interaction between lecturers and students, either the students in the classroom or outside the classroom intensively. This study aimed to obtain e-learning media based Moodle is effective to support the development of science and Islamic studies in Gayo through a series of development process. The finding of the study showed that e-learning based Moodle was conducted by using 4-D model (Four D Model). The results also showed that of development activities are: (1) e-learning media in Gayo which can be seen in www.elearning-gayobelajar.com and (2) the use of guide books for lecturers and teachers. The Finding also indicated that the development of E-learning based Moodle is reliable or has a high level of reliability if t is used in university.
The Management of Human Resources Development in Increasing the Quality of Islamic Education Institutions
Authors: Rahmi Elvi , Patoni Achmad , Sulistyorini Sulistyorini
Published: September 2020

Human resources are the biggest strength in the management of Islamic educational institutions. The quality of human resources is crucial right now, because competence of human resources who have knowledge and skills will be able to cope environmental changes. Teachers and employees are the key of success in educational institutions. Good or bad performance of teachers and employees will support the competitiveness of schools. Based on this phenomenon, this research reveals the development of educators and education staff in enhancing competitiveness in the Excellent Islamic Elementary School in Bukittinggi City. This research uses descriptive qualitative. Located in Excellent Islamic Elementary School Bukittinggi City. The source of data in this study is the board of trustees, principals, teachers and employees. The techniques of data collection are participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. Later on the collected data is analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation, and conclusion. All data are approved by validity through a credibility test, transferability test, dependability test and conformability test. The results showed that the development of teachers and employees is done through 1) on the job training, that is, development that takes place during working hours takes place both formally and informally. 2) Off the job training, that is development that has done specifically outside of work. As for the development carried out: a) training in the form of quantum teaching training, workshops for making learning media and parenting seminars, b) rotation position, c) Religious Development, d) Teacher working groups (KKG) and comparative studies. This development aims to improve the competencies of teachers and employees in the school environment so that they can improve the quality of Islamic educational institutions in accordance with the increasingly stringent times.
Empowering Education: Exploring Teachers’ Classroom Practices in Vocational Schools
Authors: Zulfikar Teuku , Emawati Emawati , Al-Azmi Hidayat
Published: September 2020

Teaching is indeed a complex provision, which requires teachers being competent in many respects. They should be very knowledgeable in subjects they teach; they should also acquire skills in transferring their subject matters; they need to be skillful in classroom management, and are capable of designing and developing teaching materials. For that reasons, teachers should always engage in professional development to guarantee their best performance. Understanding teachers’ ways of classroom practices is the first step for teachers’ professional development. Therefore, it is timely to conduct a classroom research to explore teachers’ performance, and thus this research explored teachers’ classroom practices in six vocational schools in Aceh. The data was collected mainly through observation of the instructional process in the classroom and in the workshop. The research found several effective attributes of teachers, such as creative, interactive, democratic, intelligent, smart, and well-prepared teachers. The study also identified ‘negative’ teachers’ attributes, such as authoritative, dominated, and withdrawn teachers.
Character Education through Local Content Curriculum of Budaya Alam Minangkabau
Authors: Amsal Mutiara Felicita , Zuwirna Zuwirna , Sihes Ahmad Johari
Published: September 2020

The study aims to determine whether Budaya Alam Minangkabau subject is able to shape the character of students in accordance with Minangkabau cultural values. The selection of learning strategies, the availability of teaching materials, and learning media determines the success of students' character planting. A Mixed Method was carried out where the population of this study was elementary school teachers in Padang. Budaya Alam Minangkabau is taught in grades 4, 5, and 6. The numbers of elementary school teachers are 939. For quantitative data, a sample of 100 teachers was determined, while for qualitative data the headmaster and school supervisor were assigned. Based on the results of research that has been done, the subjects of the Budaya Alam Minangkabau play a role in the formation of character, namely the planting of cultural values, ethics, morals and local wisdom. Thus, students have a high sensitivity to the cultural values of the region in order to remain sustainable and not uprooted from its own cultural roots. The formation of character in students is a value education, character education, and formal education, character education that aims to develop the ability of all school members to provide good and bad decisions, exemplary, maintain what is good and realize goodness in everyday life to the fullest heart. Through Budaya Alam Minangkabau subjects, students are expected to be able to recognize and become familiar with their own natural, social and cultural environment. Students have the stock, abilities and skills as well as knowledge about the area that is useful for themselves and the community in general, and develop noble values of local culture in order to support national development.
Prediction of preterm birth: the role cervical assessment by ultrasound and cervico-vaginal biomarkers
Authors: Rizzo Giuseppe , Mappa Ilenia Mappa , Bitsadze Victoria , Khizroeva Jamilya , Makatsariya Alexander
Published: September 2020

Preterm delivery (PTB) is one of the most common and serious complications of pregnancy. PTB accounts for approximately 70% of neonatal deaths and is a major cause of neonatal morbidity including respiratory distress syndrome, necrotising enterocolitis and long-term neurological disabilities. Prevention of PTB and its complications include identification among symptomatic women those at high risk of immediate delivery requiring prenatal corticosteroids administration. Transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluation of the cervical length (CL) is predictive of PTB and a value 15 mm identifies among symptomatic women approximately 70% of women who will deliver within one week. In the range of CL within 15 and 30 mm biomarkers n cervical-vaginal fluids (fetal fibronectin, phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor protein-1, placental alpha-microglobulin-, cytokines) and other ultrasonographic cervical variables (posterior cervical angle, elastography) improve the identification of women at risk, In asymptomatic women CL can be applied as screening and has been proposed as a universal screening during the second trimester in singleton gestations. The finding of a CL25mm is associated with an increased risk of subsequent PTB with a sensitivity between 30 and 60% that is improved with the combination of biomarkers. Asymptomatic women with a CL 25mm should be offered vaginal progesterone treatment for the prevention of preterm birth and neonatal morbidity. The role of cerclage and pessary is still controversial. In this review we discuss the evidence-based role of ultrasonographic cervical assessment and cervicovaginal biomarkers in the prediction of PTB in symptomatic and asymptomatic women
CLINICAL FINDINGS AND BLOOD GAS PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS PRESENTED WITH DYSPNEA
Authors: TÜRKER Müge , SAĞLAM GÜRMEN Ekim , BİLGE Adnan , TULAY Cumhur Murat
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Acil servise dispne şikayet ile başvuran hastalarda, OCS-9 skoru kullanılarak klinik durumu belirlemek.

Gereç- Yöntem: Bu çalışma, solunum sıkıntısı olan 373 hasta retrospektif olarak incelenerek gerçekleştirildi. Dispne ile başvuran hastalarda, 3 önemli kan gazı parametresi kulanılarak (pH, baz açığı, laktat seviyesi) OCS-) değeri hesaplandı. Klinik ve kan gazı parametreleri (OCS-9 skorları), hastaların son durumları ( taburcu, servis yatış, yoğun bakım yatış, ölüm) ile karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Hasta klinik sonuçlandırmalarının istatistiksel karşılaştırmasında, OCS-9 skoru anlamlı olarak bulundu. Servis yatışı olan veya taburcu edilen hastaların OCS-9 skoru, yoğun bakım yatışı yapılan hastalara göre daha yüksekti. OCS-9 skorunun cut-off değeri 1 kabul edildiğinde, yoğun bakım yatış ve ölüm öngörme duyarlılığı %46.9 ve özgüllüğü %77.08 olarak bulundu.

Sonuç: Acil serviste OCS-9 skorunun kullanılması, hasta prognozunu tahmin etmek ve hastanın hastaneye yatırılacağı birimi belirlemek için etkili bir yöntemdir.
Rail vehicle axle-box bearing damage detection considering the intensity of heating alteration
Authors: Vaičiūnas Gediminas , Bureika Gintautas , Steišūnas Stasys
Published: September 2020

The article observes problems of detection of rolling bearing damages in rail vehicles.
Two methods of bearing damage detection are examined – according to heating of axleboxes and by vibro-diagnostic manner. The disadvantage of vibro-diagnostic method is that
a contact vibration sensor is used for vibration diagnostics, intervention into rail vehicle
structure is required. The method according to heating of axle-boxes also has drawbacks.
The same temperature value of axle-box in various conditions may characterize different
bearing technical state. The Authors studied a possibility to use temperature change intensity
parameters as the diagnostics criteria. Based on the examples of axle-box temperature measurement data, Authors developed and proposed a methodology for detecting axle-box bearings defects. The Authors suggest the use the method according to heating of axle-boxes.
The given example proofs that the fact of the presence of their damages can be unambiguously identified by the intensity of temperature change of the axle-boxes.
On the casuistry of hysteropexy
Authors: Krasnopolskiy F.
Published: September 2020

Bourgeois, 32 years old, the first regulations at 16, always correct, but abundant and with pain. About 8 years ago I lifted a basket of laundry; at this time felt severe pain in the lower abdomen, as if something had broken off; vomiting appeared.
China Collective Negotiation in COVID-19: What We learn from a Comparative Analysis of China, the United States and Germany
Authors: Sun Xiaohan
Published: September 2020

Labor conflicts can be solved by an efficient collective bargaining system with consensus-based. Since the economic uncertainty caused by COVID-19, employers have been shut down or have had to reduce operations drastically and many employers want to furlough or dismiss employees under certain circumstances in China. Meanwhile, many workers have lost income. Since workers have gone back to the worksite in March 2020, labor unrest has spread out in order to ask for wage arrears in the manufactory, construction, and service sectors in terms of strikes map from China Labor Bulletin. The paper targets on three different countries with top economies, and examines its bargaining models to keep industrial peace. The paper argues that China bargaining model under state-control strongly depends on government intention for intervention where there is labor unrest, and the system less focuses on self-governance which may result in a hard time to maintain industrial resources, even though the state issued the related policies to highly encouraged companies to hold a negotiation before the lay off workers, reduce wages or work time in order to be employed. While fewer polices and China traditional command-and-control regulation models could not provide an efficient approach to relief labor unrest in the pandemic, Germany's bargaining model is more flexible to provide an example for new governance and co-determination. Also, the bargaining model with sector-level reforms could do more for the United States private sectors in order to the corporation instead of adversarialism. From a comparison among three collective bargaining models, the paper concludes the approaches to protect workers’ rights from global perspectives.
Accidental partial hanging by door curtain causing ischemic encephalopathy in a child: a rare case report
Authors: Prasad Arun , Tiwari Lokesh , Kumar Pradeep , Yankappa N.
Published: September 2020

Accidental strangulation is an uncommon injury in children, however it may lead to neurological disability or death. Various modes of injuries have been reported in such accidents. Children might get strangulated while playing if they are wrapping any cord or cloth like material around their neck. Caregivers of the children should be aware of the potential sources around and mechanisms of such injuries to avoid such accidents.
Caregiver knowledge, attitude and practices about early child development in Telangana, India: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gaikwad Leena , Taluja Zenia , Kannuri Nanda Kishore , Singh Samiksha
Published: September 2020

Background: Early childhood development (ECD) refers to the age-appropriate language, cognitive and socio-emotional growth in early years of life. For the very young, 0-3 years of age, parents and caregivers are the main source of stimulus and care. Poor socio-economic conditions may contribute to suboptimal parenting.Methods: We assessed caregivers’ knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding ECD in underprivileged regions of Telangana, South-India, using a structured survey, and qualitative interviews of frontline workers (FLWs).Results: A large proportion of caregivers had appropriate knowledge and practices regarding nutrition and health: colostrum (>80%), breastfeeding (>94%), growth monitoring (>90%), immunization (99%), and health-seeking for the child (98%). Regarding early stimulation, caregivers knew and believed that reading (91%), playing (94%), storytelling and singing (79%) make the child intelligent; but were unaware that these activities should be initiated before 3 years of age, thus their practice of the same was also low. They expressed their love and affection (99%) well for the child, spent time (46%) and talked to the child (59%), but were not aware this contributes to cognitive and emotional development of the child. Major challenges in effective ECD care as per FLWs included parental attitude, mothers’ agricultural work routine and language barrier.Conclusion: We observed gaps in age-appropriate early stimulation and responsive care. Several good practices are rooted in tradition, but caregivers were not completely aware of the contribution of these practices to their child’s development. Qualitative interviews with FLW show the need of culturally relevant interventions to empower caregivers regarding ECD.
Refrigerated storage of fresh-cut marolo (Annona crassiflora mart.)
Authors: Della Lucia Flávia , Ferreira Eric Batista , Veiga Sandra Maria Oliveira Morais , Azevedo Luciana , Moreira Marcela Aparecida Miranda , Vilas Boas Eduardo Valério de Barros
Published: September 2020

Marolo is a fruit typical of the Brazilian Savanna that is highly appreciated for its exotic flavour, nutritional value and sensory attributes. This study aimed to assess the quality of fresh-cut marolo by checking for possible changes in physical, chemical, microbiological and sensorial characteristics during cold storage (12 days at 0°C, 5°C and 10°C). Firmness varied based on storage time; the fruit softened on the 8th day and then increased in hardness until the end of the study. The lowest storage temperatures reduced the darkening rate of this product. No variations in the levels of soluble solids (12.7 to 14.6°B) or total phenolics (741.06 to 1295.21 mg. GAE.100g-1) were observed. Fruits stored at 10 °C showed an increase in titratable acidity after the 5th day and an increase in pH on the 10th and 12th days. Increases in the soluble pectin (156 to 265.73 mg.100g-1) and total pectins (>1.000 mg.100g-1) were noted. No significant difference was observed in the count of the total and thermotolerant coliforms, and the growth of filamentous fungi and yeasts decreased after storage at 0°C and 5°C after the 5th day. Storage at 5 °C for 5 days was found to be the most efficient set of conditions for maintaining the physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of marolo.
Does government spending reduce poverty in Nigeria? Evidence from Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag Specification.
Authors: Adegboyo Olufemi Samuel
Published: September 2020

This paper analyses the impact of government spending on poverty reducing in Nigeria for the period 1981 to 2017 making use of annual time series data. The study employs the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The result of the study revealed that economic service recurrent expenditure (ESRX), social and community recurrent expenditure (SCSRX), Transfer recurrent expenditure (TRX) reduces poverty while transfer capital expenditure (TCX) and administrative recurrent expenditure (ADRX) escalate poverty. Consequently, the study recommends that Government should embark on provision of food subsidies, subsidies farm input for farmers, subsidies transportation cost. Furthermore, government should endeavor to pay pensioners all their entitlements including gratuities as at when due without any delay, government should also be giving stipend to the unemployed and disabled, more poverty alleviating programs should be organize Also, the huge cost of maintaining the government should be reduced by reducing the numbers of political appointees to a reasonable size.
FUNGSI TRAFFIC ACCIDENT RESEARCH CENTRE UNTUK MENDUKUNG PROGRAM KESELAMATAN BERLALULINTAS
Authors: Karnavian Muhammad Tito
Published: September 2020

Road safety is the crisis condition in developing countries such as Indonesia. Based on 2016 data, the dead tolls of road accidents were 26,000, or 10.9 fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants. The majority of victims was between 15 and 29 years old (IRSMS, 2016). This condition shows the human capital lost caused by many dead prematurely on road. The Long Term National Road Safety Plan (RUNK) declareted in 2011 has the main goal is reducing road fatalities by 50% and 80% in 2020 and 2035 respectively. Indonesia National Police (INP) has the main role to coordinate and realize safer road users in the RUNK. Integrated Road Safety Management System (IRSMS) is the road accident data- based application that was developed by INP and it must be the evidence based for decision policies and development action plan activities. Establishment of Traffic Accident Research Centre (TARC) has the main objective to sinergising Indonesia traffic police with academia and researcher to carry out in depth study as well as to develop programmes that able both structural and cultural to construct safety concern society. INP understands that enforcement program solely cannot solve road safety problem. It recognizes that achievement is not possible without understanding the problems and incorporation with all stakeholders in road safety.

Keselamatan di jalan raya adalah sesuatu hal yang kritis di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Data kecelakaan pada tahun 2016 menunjukan 26.000 orang, 41.9 orang per 100.000 penduduk meninggal di jalan raya dimana mayoritas korban berusian 15 – 29 (IRSMS, 2016). Kondisi memperlihatkan kehilangan negara atas aset sumber daya yang dimiliki. Rencana Umum Nasional Keselamatan (RUNK) pada tahun 2011bertujuan menurunkan fatalitas di jalan raya. POLRI mempunyai peran utama dalam mengkoordinasi dan menciptakan pengguna jalan yang berkeselamatan. Integrated Road Safety Management System (IRSMS) adalah aplikasi pencatatan data kecelakaan yang dikembangkan oleh POLRI harus dijadikan basis pengambilan keputusan dan aktifitas kampanye keselamatan di jalan raya. Pendirian Traffic Accident Research Centre (TARC) bertujuan menciptakan sinergitas antara KORLANTAS POLRI dan akademisi dalam melakukan in-depth study serta. Penciptaan program yang mampu secara struktur dan kultur menciptakan masyarakat yang berperilaku pengutamaan terhadap keselamat karena melakukan tindakan represif semata-mata tidak dapat menyelesaikan masalah keselamatan jalan.
ANALISIS PERILAKU LALU LINTAS PENGGUNA JALAN DI SEKITAR SIMPANG GENDENGAN
Authors: Hidayati Nurul , Erwanda Agung
Published: September 2020

This study focused on the behavior of road user (biker/rider), especially around the Gendengan Intersection in Surakarta. This study aims to determine the types of violations, the causes, and effects that occur around the intersection. The primary data used are observation data of violations and questionnaires of 400 respondents. This study also uses data of traffic accidents and violations from the SATLANTAS of Surakarta Police and the IRSMS of KORLANTAS POLRI. The analysis refers to Law No.22 of 2009. Based on the Police data analysis, there are 87.98% of violations in Surakarta related to driver behavior, while using the primary data it was found around 48.32%. Lack of awareness of orderly traffic causes the driver to ignore his safety. This can be seen from the percentage of respondents who answered YES greater than NO happening in almost all violation types. Traffic violations can be a major factor in traffic accidents. Therefore, the implementation of strict rules needs to be done for those who violate, either in the form of fines or imprisonment.

Penelitian ini difokuskan pada perilaku berlalu lintas pengendara di jalan, khususnya di sekitar Simpang Gendengan Surakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tipe-tipe pelanggaran, penyebab dan dampak pelanggaran yang terjadi di sekitar simpang tersebut. Data primer yang digunakan adalah data pengamatan lapangan dan kuesioner dari 400 responden. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan data kecelakaan dan pelanggaran lalu lintas dari Satlantas Polresta Surakarta dan IRSMS KORLANTAS POLRI. Analisis mengacu pada Undang-Undang No.22 Tahun 2009. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data Kepolisian diperoleh 87,98% tipe pelanggaran di Surakarta berkaitan dengan perilaku pengemudi, sedangkan dari data primer diperoleh sebesar 48,32%. Kurangnya kesadaran akan tertib berlalu lintas menyebabkan pengemudi pengabaikan keselamatannya. Hal ini terlihat dari prosentase responden yang menjawab Ya lebih besar dari Tidak terjadi hampir pada semua tipe pelanggaran. Pelanggaran lalu lintas dapat menjadi faktor utama kecelakaan lalu lintas. Oleh karena itu, penerapan aturan yang ketat perlu dilakukan bagi yang melanggar, baik berupa hukuman denda atau penjara.
STUDY ON SPEEDING BEHAVIOUR OF DRIVER’S MOTOR VEHICLES TO TRAFFIC ACCIDENT RISK IN NATIONAL ROAD IN MAKASSAR CITY
Authors: Ramli Muhammad Isran , Yatmar Hajriyanti , Hustim Muralia , Bellani Elvita
Published: September 2020

The traffic accidents often occur due to the lack of awareness while driving. The variance reason such us undisciplined and unwise to be polite when driving is the main cause of crashes. Road safety is one of the important roles to support and to develop to the commonwealth. This research aims to investigate the potential risk of speeding on a national road in Makassar. The driver performance the speeding is more occurs in the midnight till dawn. The situation of drivers while speeding is conducted to make them arrived early to the destination. The respondents' preferences also show the speed of the vehicle through the national road is around 40 – 60 km/hour. It is still in normal speed requirement at least 60 km/hour.

Potensi kecelakaan akibat ketidaktertiban dalam berlalu lintas dapat terjadi. Penyebab kecelakaan lalu lintas dapat beragam seperti kurangnya kesadaran untuk berkendara secara bijak dan tertib serta penuh tanggung jawab. Pentingnya menjaga ketertiban ketertiban berkendara merupakan salah satu upaya dalam mendukung pembangunan dan integrasi nasional untuk memajukan kesejahteraan umum. Dalam melihat potensi risiko kecelakaan maka dilakukan suatu studi terkait perilaku pengendara kendaraan bermotor yang melampaui batas kecepatan pada ruas jalan di nasional di kota Makassar. Kecenderungan pengendara kendaraan bermotor yang melampaui batas kecepatan maksimum banyak terjadi pada malam hingga dini hari dengan tujuan agar pengendara sampai lebih cepat atau tepat waktu. Hasil wawancara juga menunjukkan bahwa responden mayoritas menggunakan kecepatan pada kisaran 40 – 60 km/jam dan masih masuk dalam kategori kecepatan normal dan tidak melampaui batas maksimum .
The role of communication climate on the performance of PT. Lazada Express Bandung employees with work motivation as an intervening variable
Authors: Sugiarto Satia , Putra Ivan Gumilar Sambas
Published: September 2020

Human resources in a company will always communicate with each other. In this business world, nothing can be accomplished without communicating effectively with employers, employees, clients, suppliers, and customers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of communication climate on motivation, to analyze the influence of motivation on employee performance, and the influence of communication climate on employee performance mediated by motivation. This study used descriptive analysis research methods and path analysis using SPSS version 25 software. The unit of analysis in this study were all employees of PT Lazada Express Bandung, so the population in this study were all employees totaling 52 people. The sampling method using a saturated sampling method so that the number of respondents as large as the population of 52 employees. The results showed that the climate of communication has an influence on employee motivation. The magnitude of the influence of the communication climate on employee performance is 79.60%. and there is an influence between work motivation on employee performance and motivation does not mediate the effect of communication climate on employee performance.
The effect of earnings manipulation based on real activities to the performance of Indonesian SOEs
Authors: Surifah Surifah , Rofiqoh Ifah
Published: September 2020

The aim of this research is to examine the effect of real earnings manipulation (REM) on the performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesia. This research was conducted at a state-owned company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2013-2017. Data obtained from financial reports and annual reports issued by IDX and the Web of each SOEs. Data also comes from the Indonesian Capital Market Directory. The research variables consist of a dependent variable, which is financial performance, and an independent variable that is REM. Financial performance is proxy by net profit margin (NPM) and returns on equity (ROE). Earnings manipulation is proxy by Roychowdhury's model. The type of ownership is used as a control variable of this research. Generally, the least square regression model is used to test the relationship between earnings manipulation and SOEs performance. This research shows that earnings manipulation based on real activities through production costs negatively affects the performance of Indonesian SOEs, government ownership negatively effects on NPM whereas public ownership has a positive effect on performance, as measured by ROE. Improper government policies can reduce the performance and significant disadvantages of SOEs.
The effectiveness of tax volunteers in increasing taxpayer compliance
Authors: Pradnyani Ni Luh Putu Normadewi Abdi , Utthavi Wayan Hesadijaya
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are differences in tax revenues, the number of taxpayers who pay, and submit tax reports before and after the tax volunteer program. The period before tax volunteers is in March 2018 - February 2019 and the period after tax volunteers is in March 2019 - March 2020. This research took place at the Pratama tax office in Badung Selatan. The data in this study were analyzed using an independent t-test. The results of this study indicate that there is no difference in the amount of tax revenue and the number of taxpayers who submit tax reports, but there are differences in the number of taxpayers who pay taxes before and after tax volunteers. The data contribution from research can be used as a basis for the Directorate General of Taxation to be able to evaluate the system that has been used and whether the presence of tax volunteers can also help in increasing taxpayer compliance. Also, it will become a reference for the Directorate General of Taxation in making decisions to make policy in the field of taxation, including creating another taxation system that will facilitate taxpayers in their tax obligations and expand the scope of tax volunteers in areas that have not been reached to date.
Local context and firms creation
Authors: Bannò Mariasole , D'Allura Giorgia Maria
Published: September 2020

This paper explores Italy’s biotech industry. This is the case of a new industry formation in a hostile institutional context. Our goal is two-fold. First, it is to extend our understanding of the role of institutions on firm formation and industry creation. Second, it is to offer prescriptive evidence for those regions that are trying to encourage entrepreneurship in innovative industries or increment existing systems of innovations. We adopt the interpretative lenses of the institutional theory. Our work aims to discuss the role that institutions (by the meaning of regulations, policies, and fiscal measures) provide to the development and change of industries around the world. We offer a comparison between Italy and other European countries in order to advise rules and suggestions to improve the competitiveness of the Italian biotech industry and firm formation. We recognize that the Italian institutional context is hostile to new industry creation because the rules and regulations do not support new firm formation. Moreover, Italy represents a context that shows a high level of risk aversion to radical innovation such as biotechnology.
Influence of innovation in strategy implementation on organizational performance
Authors: Kiragu Paul , Muhoho John , Gesimba Paul Omato
Published: September 2020

This study sought to assess whether innovation in the strategy implementation process contributed to sustained business performance with a specific focus of Unga Holdings Limited. It utilized the descriptive research design and targeted a population of 260 managerial and supervisory employees at Unga Holdings Ltd. A sample of 78 respondents (69 supervisory and 9 managerial staff) was selected using the stratified random sampling method. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from supervisory employees while interview guides were used to collect qualitative data from the managerial employees. Findings revealed that there is a high level of organizational performance at Unga Holdings Ltd. rated at 84.6%. Findings also showed that innovation in strategy implementation (r2= .434, ?= .637, p=.000) has a positive and statistically significant influence on organizational performance. The study recommends that manufacturing organizations particularly those in the food processing sub-sector should develop technologies and methods for supporting the strategy implementation process.
The effect of environmental change on sustainable energy in Olkaria geothermal and Kenya power station, Nakuru County, Kenya
Authors: Kipsielei Gideon , Gesimba Paul , Gichuhi David
Published: September 2020

Energy is one of the most important resources in the growth of an economy. The generation of power is key to the effectiveness of sustainable energy management. Energy production warrants production hence connected to economic development. Environmental change has an impact on the sustainability of renewable energy. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of environmental change on sustainable energy in Olkaria Geothermal and Kenya Power Station, Nakuru County, Kenya. The study was informed by two theories namely; Socio-technical Transitions Approach Theory and Co-evolutionary Approach to Transitions. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population was 359 employees with a stratified sample design. The sample frame was 108 employees being 30% of the total population. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The preliminary data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in the form of tables. Inferential statistics were employed through Pearson’s Correlation analysis and regression analysis was used to test the study hypothesis at a 5% significance level.  The findings indicated that was a statistically significant relationship between environmental change and sustainable energy (r=0.286; p=0.005). Further, the study revealed that environmental change has a statistically significant effect on sustainable energy in Olkaria Geothermal and Kenya Power Station, Nakuru County, Kenya (p<0.05). The study recommends that institutional environmental changes should be examined and their influence on sustainable energy management.