bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathophysiological aspects of nephropathy caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: Lucas Guillherme Nobre Cavalcanti , Leitão Ana Carla Carneiro , Alencar Renan Lima , Xavier Rosa Malena Fagundes , Daher Elizabeth De Francesco , Silva Junior Geraldo Bezerra da
Published: September 2018

Abstract Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used medications associated with nephrotoxicity, especially when used chronically. Factors such as advanced age and comorbidities, which in themselves already lead to a decrease in glomerular filtration rate, increase the risk of NSAID-related nephrotoxicity. The main mechanism of NSAID action is cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme inhibition, interfering on arachidonic acid conversion into E2 prostaglandins E2, prostacyclins and thromboxanes. Within the kidneys, prostaglandins act as vasodilators, increasing renal perfusion. This vasodilatation is a counter regulation of mechanisms, such as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system works and that of the sympathetic nervous system, culminating with compensation to ensure adequate flow to the organ. NSAIDs inhibit this mechanism and can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI). High doses of NSAIDs have been implicated as causes of AKI, especially in the elderly. The main form of AKI by NSAIDs is hemodynamically mediated. The second form of NSAID-induced AKI is acute interstitial nephritis, which may manifest as nephrotic proteinuria. Long-term NSAID use can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). In patients without renal diseases, young and without comorbidities, NSAIDs are not greatly harmful. However, because of its dose-dependent effect, caution should be exercised in chronic use, since it increases the risk of developing nephrotoxicity.
Queixas e benefícios associados ao trabalho embarcado: relatos on-line de trabalhadores de cruzeiros marítimos
Authors: Oliveira-Monteiro Nancy Ramacciotti de , Peterlevitz Gustavo Cardoso Luz , Scachetti Rodolfo Eduardo
Published: September 2018

Resumo Introdução: as pesquisas brasileiras sobre condições do trabalho embarcado abordam sobretudo o trabalho offshore, em plataformas marítimas. Estudos sobre a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores de cruzeiros marítimos são pouco encontrados, provavelmente devido às dificuldades de acesso a essa atividade. Objetivo: identificar e descrever condições de trabalho e de vida no mar de trabalhadores de cruzeiros marítimos embarcados, a partir de suas percepções relatadas em blogs. Métodos: estudo qualitativo baseado na netnografia (etnografia digital), uma metodologia de caráter etnográfico aplicada em estudos de ambientes e fontes digitais. As informações foram levantadas em 23 blogs e sistematizadas com base na análise de conteúdo. Resultados: foram definidas duas categorias temáticas: uma de queixas e outra de benefícios associados ao trabalho embarcado. As queixas mais relatadas foram: falta de conforto, problemas de saúde, estados psicológicos negativos e falhas na organização do trabalho; e os benefícios mencionados foram salário, oportunidades de viagem e socialização facilitada. Conclusão: apesar de algumas limitações, as investigações baseadas em relatos on-line permitiram identificar e analisar as condições de trabalho e de vida associadas aos trabalhadores embarcados.
Análise de riscos potenciais associados à desinfecção de efluentes: o caso da ETE SJRP (SP)
Authors: Montaño Marcelo , Kramer Caio Reimann
Published: September 2018

RESUMO A avaliação de risco é um processo no qual se determinam os riscos de natureza coletiva (social) e individual associados à instalação, operação ou desativação de uma atividade perigosa, levando-se em consideração a probabilidade de ocorrência de um determinado evento e a estimativa da extensão do dano que seria causado. No caso de estações de tratamento de esgoto (ETEs), em que pese a importância do aspecto locacional para assegurar a minimização de conflitos ambientais e sociais, a análise de risco deve ser parte integrante dos estudos de alternativas locacionais quando a concepção do projeto prever a utilização de substâncias perigosas armazenadas sob pressão, notadamente os sistemas de desinfecção por cloro. Entende-se, portanto, ser necessário avaliar o potencial de dano decorrente de falhas nos equipamentos e dispositivos de segurança que possam provocar vazamentos e/ou explosões. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo discute as contribuições dos estudos de análise de risco na implantação e operação de ETEs, valendo-se de um estudo de caso aplicado ao município de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. Os resultados obtidos destacam a relevância do estudo de análise de risco para a definição da localização do empreendimento e de medidas de segurança aplicadas ao gerenciamento da ETE e das áreas do entorno.
Caracterização e avaliação de fatores que determinam a remoção de microcistina-LR em carvão ativado granular produzido a partir de diferentes matérias-primas
Authors: Araújo Larissa Sene , Coutinho Aparecido dos Reis , Alvarez-Mendez Manoel Orlando , Moruzzi Rodrigo Braga , Calijuri Maria do Carmo , Cunha Davi Gasparini Fernandes
Published: September 2018

RESUMO As microcistinas (MC), que estão entre as cianotoxinas mais encontradas em florações de cianobactérias, não são eficientemente removidas pelas tecnologias do ciclo completo de tratamento de água. Como barreira adicional para sua remoção, destaca-se o processo de adsorção com carvão ativado granular (CAG). Esta pesquisa comparou a eficiência de remoção de MC-LR por sete CAG produzidos a partir de diferentes matérias-primas, analisando as propriedades das amostras: umidade, teor de cinzas, pH e características texturais. Inicialmente, os resultados indicaram que as propriedades dos CAG foram influenciadas pelo material de origem, assim como pelo método de produção. Nos ensaios de adsorção, o modelo de Langmuir indicou que, em quatro horas, com dosagem de 100 mg.L-1, o CAG de linhito (CGLIN) apresentou a maior capacidade de remoção (97,2%) de MC-LR (Co: 115,1 µg.L-1), com qe,máx de 10,6 mg.g-1. O volume de mesoporos influenciou significativamente a capacidade adsortiva de MC dos carvões avaliados (r=0,98, Pearson). Esses resultados podem oferecer subsídios para a aplicação do processo de adsorção de MC-LR em estações de tratamento de água (ETA) para a minimização de intoxicações por água contaminada.
Profile of medical students in the first group of the Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein
Authors: Paes Ângela Tavares , Dias Bruna de Freitas , Eleutério Giulia Nicolucci , Paula Vitória Penido de
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe first medical students' profile of the Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein. Methods: Data were collected using an electronic questionnaire during the Biostatistics course in August of 2016. The students were inquired about demographic characteristics, data on their secondary education and college entrance exams, practice of physical exercise, leisure activities done, to have a physician in the family, and specialty that they intended to pursue as a career. Results: Most of the students were women aged 18 to 21 years and who were originally from the state of São Paulo, had received secondary education in a private school, took a course to prepare for college entrance exam, and participated in more than 5 college entrance exams in the same year they entered in the School of Medicine. The majority of participants practiced physical exercise regularly and were engaged in common leisure activities. Most of students (58%) had a physician in the family and more than half (52%) did not know which specialty to pursue as career. There was no association between relationship with a physician and the student's choice of a specialty (p=0.390). Conclusion: Although it was the first group of student of School of Medicine at Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein who took a different admission process, our data showed that students' profile is similar to students from other colleges.
Cardiac tissue engineering: current state-of-the-art materials, cells and tissue formation
Authors: Rodrigues Isabella Caroline Pereira , Kaasi Andreas , Maciel Filho Rubens , Jardini André Luiz , Gabriel Laís Pellizzer
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death worldwide. The heart has limited capacity of regeneration, therefore, transplantation is the only solution in some cases despite presenting many disadvantages. Tissue engineering has been considered the ideal strategy for regenerative medicine in cardiology. It is an interdisciplinary field combining many techniques that aim to maintain, regenerate or replace a tissue or organ. The main approach of cardiac tissue engineering is to create cardiac grafts, either whole heart substitutes or tissues that can be efficiently implanted in the organism, regenerating the tissue and giving rise to a fully functional heart, without causing side effects, such as immunogenicity. In this review, we systematically present and compare the techniques that have drawn the most attention in this field and that generally have focused on four important issues: the scaffold material selection, the scaffold material production, cellular selection and in vitro cell culture. Many studies used several techniques that are herein presented, including biopolymers, decellularization and bioreactors, and made significant advances, either seeking a graft or an entire bioartificial heart. However, much work remains to better understand and improve existing techniques, to develop robust, efficient and efficacious methods.
Percutaneous drainage of iliopsoas abscess: an effective option in cases not suitable for surgery
Authors: Martins Diego Lima Nava , Cavalcante Junior Francisco de Assis , Falsarella Priscila Mina , Rahal Junior Antonio , Garcia Rodrigo Gobbo
Published: September 2018

ABSTRACT The aim of this study were to describe the technique of percutaneous drainage of iliopsoas abscess, and to discuss the benefits of using this minimally-invasive tool. A single center study with retrospective analysis of patients with psoas abscess confirmed by imaging scans, sent to the interventional medicine center and submitted to computed tomography and ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage, from November 2013 to August 2016. Seven patients underwent percutaneous drainage of psoas abscess in this period. The mean initial drained volume was 61.4±50.7mL (ranging from 10 to 130mL), and the mean drainage duration was 8.3±2.8 days (ranging from 4 to 12 days). The success rate of the percutaneous procedures was 71.5%, and two patients required re-intervention. Image-guided percutaneous drainage of iliopsoas abscess is a minimally invasive, efficient and safe procedure, and an extremely valuable technique, especially for patients who are not suitable for surgical repair.
Grupo de estudo “fisiologiando” utilizando metodologias ativas: a percepão dos estudantes sobre o uso dessa estratégia no ensino-aprendizagem de Fisiologia humana
Authors: Neves Ben-Hur Souto das , Ferreira Ingrid , Machado Rui Seabra , Mello-Carpes Pâmela Billig
Published: September 2018

A criação de estratégias que modifiquem o modelo clássico de ensino e facilitem a aprendizagem é um desafio para professores. A fisiologia, enquanto ciência básica, necessita de abordagens que permitam a construção de conhecimentos essenciais aos profissionais da saúde e estimulem o interesse dos estudantes nos conteúdos trabalhados em aula. Diante disso, nós criamos o “Fisiologiando”: um grupo de estudo em fisiologia humana. Nossa proposta contou com encontros semanais entre estudantes matriculados na disciplina de Fisiologia Humana e estudantes monitores previamente selecionados. Nos encontros, diferentes metodologias ativas eram usadas para discutir os conteúdos de fisiologia. A partir da opinião dos alunos, verificamos que a realização de um grupo de estudo semanal utilizando metodologias ativas representa uma estratégia importante para a facilitação do processo de aprendizagem de conteúdos de fisiologia previamente trabalhados em aula.
Avaliação da qualidade de ensino de Bioquímica em cursos de Nutrição
Authors: Silveira Joice Trindade , Teixeira da Rocha João Batista
Published: September 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de ensino de Bioquímica nos cursos de Nutrição. Para tanto, utilizou-se um instrumento traduzido e adaptado a partir do Students Evaluation of Educacional Quality. Foram avaliados 21 itens, agrupados em 9 dimensões, com afirmações sobre características associadas a um ensino de qualidade, em uma escala Likert de 5 pontos, na qual 1 significava discordo completamente e 5 concordo completamente. A análise dos dados objetivos utilizou estatística descritiva e de análise de variância e, para as questões dissertativas, análise de conteúdo. Participaram do estudo 91 estudantes, matriculados em quatro turmas de Bioquímica (B1, B2, B3 e B4) de 2 universidades federais do Rio Grande do Sul (A e B). A pontuação média entre as 4 turmas foi de 3,89 (dp=0,22) e as médias mais baixas foram observadas nas disciplinas mais iniciais dos cursos. As dimensões melhor avaliadas foram empatia e interação com o grupo e com pontuação mais baixa as atividades extracurriculares e a avaliação da aprendizagem. Não houve diferença significativa entre as universidades (p=0,18). As características mais destacadas pelos estudantes nas questões dissertativas foram o modo de dar aula do professor e o bom relacionamento. Para eles, é importante que as aulas sejam claras e que o conteúdo seja explicado quantas vezes forem necessárias. A qualidade do ensino de Bioquímica na avaliação geral foi boa e influenciada pelo contexto de ensino. Espera-se que as respostas possam auxiliar professores e gestores a melhorar sua prática em sala de aula.
Trigeminal neuralgia: bibliometric analysis of the fifty top-cited articles in the period 2000-2016
Authors:   Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana, Cuba, Fornaris-Cedeño Yasmany ,   School of Medical Sciences Manuel Fajardo, La Habana, Cuba., Corrales-Reyes Ibraín Enrique ,   niversidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, Cuba.,   Stomatology Clinic of Specialties Manuel de Jesús Cedeño Infante. Bayamo, Cuba., Pérez-Martínez Caridad de Jesús ,   Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana, Cuba.,   School of Medical Sciences Manuel Fajardo, La Habana, Cuba.
Published: September 2018

Objective: To analyze the fifty top-cited articles on trigeminal neuralgia during the period 2000-2016. Methods: A bibliometric study using Harzing's Publish or Perish 5 software and Google Scholar as the database was performed. The term used in the search was "trigeminal neuralgia." A list was generated with the 50 top-cited articles in the period 2000-2016 and variables of interest were studied. Results: The articles received 12316 citations with a mean of 724.47 and 246.32 citations per year and per articles, respectively. The article with the highest mean number of citations/year (48.57) was published by Cruccu et al., in 2010. The articles had an h index of 48 and were published in 24 scientific journals. The journals with the highest number of articles were Neurology and Journal of Neurosurgery, with 7 articles each (14%). A prevalence of North American authorship was observed (n=14; 28.0%). Original articles (n=26; 52.0%) and papers written by six authors (n=12; 24.0%) were also the most prevalent. The highest number of articles by a binomial international collaboration was from Austria-Italy (n=3; 6.00%). The most researched topics were related to updates in specific treatments for trigeminal neuralgia and neuropathic pain in general. Conclusions: The most cited article was published in 2010 in the European Journal of Neurology. Articles published in the years 2001 and 2002 received the highest number of citations. The most relevant scientific collaborations were observed between Italian and Austrian researchers.
How to induce, generate and control Immunological Anomalies in humans?
Authors: Philip Ifesinachi Anochie , Godwin Okeke Kalu , Mfon Itoro- Obong Akpan , Augustine Ajogwu , Anthony Chidiebere Onyeozirila , Edwina Chinwe Onyeneke
Published: September 2018

This review unravels the details of the immunological properties underlying the inducement, generation and control of immunological errors, the antigenic changes in the cells themselves, and the extent and activities of the immune response arising as a result of these changes.

The immunological anomalies in humans which includes graft rejection, tissue transplantation, immunosuppression, immunoenhancement, malignant diseases, tumour immunology, hypersensitivity, immunopathology, immunodeficiency and autoimmune diseases were fully discussed as well as their immunological properties which will serve as a guide to immunological research activities and disease control.

In this article, we reviewed the antigenic properties of the transformed cells and the ability of the host to mount an immune response to such antigens. Immunological errors itself can have effects on the immune system and these have to be taken into consideration in designing immunotherapeutic measures for the control of chronic and debilitating infectious diseases i.e. HIV is not a transforming virus and is therefore not directly responsible for the lymphomas and skin tumours found in AIDS patients.
Functional abnormalities in induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived cardiomyocytes generated from titin-mutated patients with dilated cardiomyopathy v1
Authors: Schick Revital
Published: September 2018

Aims: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a myocardial disorder that can result in progressive heart failure and arrhythmias, is defined by ventricular chamber enlargement and dilatation, and systolic dysfunction. Despite extensive research, the pathological mechanisms of DCM are unclear mainly due to numerous mutations in different gene families resulting in the same outcome - decreased ventricular function. Titin (TTN) - a giant protein, expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscles, is an important part a fundamental part of the sarcomere, and thus TTN mutations are the most common cause of adult DCM. To decipher the basis for the cardiac pathology in titin-mutated patients, we investigated the hypothesis that induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CM) generated from patients, recapitulate the disease phenotype. The hypothesis was tested by 3 Aims: (1) Investigate key features of the excitation-contraction-coupling machinery; (2) Investigate the responsiveness to positive inotropic interventions; (3) Investigate the proteome profile of the AuP cardiomyocytes using mass-spectrometry (MS). Methods and Results: iPSC were generated from the patients' skin fibroblasts. The major findings were: (1) Sarcomeric organization analysis in mutated iPSC-CM showed defects in assembly and maintenance of sarcomeric structure. (2) Mutated iPSC-CM exhibited diminished inotropic and lusitropic responses to -adrenergic stimulation with isoproterenol, increased [Ca2+]out and angiotensin-II. Additionally, mutated iPSC-CM displayed prolonged recovery in response to caffeine. These findings may result from defective or lack of interactions of the sarcomeric components with titin through its kinase domain which is absent in the mutated cells. Conclusions: These findings show that the mutated cardiomyocytes from DCM patients recapitulate abnormalities of the inherited cardiomyopathies, expressed as blunted inotropic response.
SEYYAHLARIN ANLATIMI İLE OSMANLI’NIN SON 30 YILINDAKİ ESKİŞEHİR (1892-1922)
Authors: Yılmaz Aysel , Yetgin Duygu
Published: September 2018

Türk, Alman, Avusturyalı, İngiliz, İsveç, Fransız, Macar ve Avustralyalı gibi farklı milletlere mensup seyyahlar, askeri ve siyasi görevliler, ajanlar, konsoloslar, lületaşı ticareti yapanlar, doğa bilimciler, tarihçiler, coğrafyacılar, jeologlar, arkeologlar ve misyonerler Eskişehir’de konaklamışlar ve seyahatnamelerinde bu şehirden bahsetmişlerdir.  Bu nedenle, son yıllarda adı turizm ile anılan Eskişehir’in aslında Berlin-Bağdat Demiryolu’nun şehre gelişi ile turizmle tanıştığını söylemek mümkündür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1892-1922 yılları arasında Eskişehir’e gelen seyyahların notlarının incelenmesi ile şehirdeki sosyokültürel ve sosyoekonomik yapıyı ortaya koymaktır. Bu nedenle çalışmada Berlin-Bağdat Demiryolu’nun geliş tarihi olan 1892 ile Kurtuluş Mücadelesi sırasında yakılıp yıkıldığı 1922 yılları arasındaki dönem ele alınmıştır. Çalışmanın alanyazın araştırması, dokümanlar ve görsel malzemeler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. 1892-1922 yılları arasındaki seyahatnamelerin incelenmesi ve araştırılması, Türkiye turizm tarihine katkı sağlaması bakımından önem taşımaktadır.
İNTERNET KULLANIMININ ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN YALNIZLIK ALGILARINA ETKİLERİ
Authors: GENÇ Yusuf , DURĞUN Arif , KARA Hüseyin Zahid , ÇAKIR Rahman
Published: September 2018

Bu makalede internet kullanımının üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık algısı üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Araştırma örneklemini Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi’nde tıp eğitimi alan 202 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada kişisel bilgilerden oluşan demografik sorular, “UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği” ve “İnternette Bilişsel Durum Ölçeği (İBDÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Anket sorularına verilen cevaplar SPSS programına aktarılmış ve Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis H ve Spearman korelasyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Yapılan analizler neticesinde erkeklerin kızlara oranla daha fazla yalnızlık algısına sahip olduğu,  internet kullanımının ve internete ayrılan sürenin erkeklerde daha fazla olduğu ve internete ayrılan süre, ekonomik durum, yaş, yaşanılan yer değişkenlerine göre yalnızlık algısı ve problemli internet kullanımı ile anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaştığı görülmüştür. UCLA ölçeği ile İBDÖ Ölçeğinin puanlarına göre öğrencilerin; %92,1’i hafif ve orta düzeyde ve %7,9’u yoğun bir şekilde yalnızlık algısına sahip, %88,1’i normal ve %11,9’u problemli internet kullanmaktadırlar. Ölçeklerden alınan puanlara bakıldığında katılımcıların UCLA ölçeği puanlarının (35.76±7.84); İBDÖ ölçeğinden aldıkları puanlarının (97.14±31.83) olduğu bulunmuştur. Ankete katılan öğrencilerin internet kullanımının yalnızlık algısı üzerindeki etkisinin ölçüldüğü korelasyon analizinde pozitif yönlü (r=0.327 ve p=0.000) zayıf düzeydekorelasyon olduğu, dolayısıyla problemli internet kullanımının yalnızlık algısını zayıf düzeyde dahi olsa etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
On the Historiography of the Rise and Demise of the Third Worldism
Authors: BALKILIÇ Özgür
Published: September 2018

After 1945, Western countries witnessed the awakening of the Third World. People of underdeveloped countries, who had been subjected to domination by developed Western countries, showed an interest towards a project of the Third World; the underlying motto of which was shaped by disarmament, peace, and social and economic justice. This project aimed to embody a radical break from the economic, political, social, and cultural paths which were devised in the West and then imposed on the rest of the world. This paper will analyze the historiography of this project. In this context, this paper will approach such literature from the lenses of social movements that emerged in the Third World, of nation states and of international relations. Through social movements, it will firstly focus on the people’s struggles in the different regions of the so-called Third World. Secondly, the paper will analyze academic works whose main subject is the anti-imperialist struggles of different nationalist governments. And lastly, it will criticize scholarly works on the Non-Alignment Movement, which pursued an anti-imperialist and anti-colonialist political agenda at the international level.
KIRIK BİR KALP HİKÂYESİ: OSMAN FAHRİ ŞİİRİNDE KAYIP NESNE
Authors: Okray Zihniye
Published: September 2018

Sanat eserleri yaratıcılarının bilinçdışlarından izler taşımaktadır. Hiçbir sanat eseri onu yaratanın bilinçdışından soyutlanmış bir şekilde olarak ortaya çıkamaz. Henüz 30 yaşında iken kendi hayatına son veren Osman Fahri’nin; 1909-1920 yılları arasında yazmış olduğu şiirlerde onu intihara götüren büyük aşkın- Şükûfe Nihal- izleri, çektiği aşk acısının onun üretimine yansıması, yaşam dürtüsünün ölüm dürtüsüne dönüşümü ve son olarak da ‘hep ilk aşklara dönülür’ cümlesini haksız çıkarmayan anneye duyulan özlem kronolojik olarak incelenmiştir. Osman Fahri şiirleri özellikle 1916-1919 yılları arasında yoğun olarak ölüm dürtüsünün etkisi altında üretilmiş olduğu ve aslında şiirlerinde ölümü arzuladığı ve düşlemlediği ile ilgili bilgiler bulunmaktadır.
El ciclo económico del transporte de carga terrestre carretero en colombia
Authors: GUTIÉRREZ OSSA JAHIR ALEXANDER
Published: September 2018

La premisa del artículo está dirigida a caracterizar el ciclo económico del transporte de carga terrestre carretero en Colombia. El propósito de encumbrar la actividad hacia otros fines por encima de la consolidación de la carga constituye un escenario de interés para la creación de nuevas opciones de mercados y negocios para las empresas y gremios. El análisis combinado entre el análisis sistémico y la estrategia competitiva ofrece elementos importantes a la hora de contemplar un espacio de acción más amplio que el acotado al despacho y recibo de carga. El poder allanar diversas posibilidades para desarrollar nuevos mercados y de paso generar valor agregado, es una premisa que circunda a los transportadores, además de la evaluación transversal de las respectivas tendencias.
Evolución de la bancarización en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga: una revisión desde la óptica de los diferentes productos financieros, 2007-2011
Authors: García Cediel Gustavo
Published: September 2018

Diversa literatura ha demostrado que altos niveles de bancarización son determinantes para acelerar el desarrollo económico dado que permiten aumentar el bienestar de las personas al facilitar su acceso a mecanismos de ahorro y crédito que logran incrementos en su consumo e inversión, permiten alcanzar bienes materiales como la vivienda e inmateriales como la educación. Así mismo permiten al sector empresarial generar mayor sostenibilidad para sus negocios al disminuir sus costos y financiar la expansión de sus operaciones; estos resultados explican por qué dicha variable se ha convertido en un objetivo de política pública en muchos países. El presente documento revisa la evolución de la bancarización para el Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga, AMB, enfocándose en el crecimiento de los principales productos financieros con base en la información generada de manera trimestral por Asobancaria. Se encuentra que el AMB supera el promedio nacional en términos de bancarización, pero los crecimientos entre los diferentes productos financieros (cuentas de ahorro, cuentas corrientes, tarjetas de crédito, microcrédito, crédito hipotecario y crédito de consumo) son diferentes, siendo el microcrédito el de mayor variación en los años analizados y el de menor crecimiento la cuenta corriente.
Rasgos que caracterizan las configuraciones en las ciencias humanas y sociales
Authors: Ortiz Ocaña Alexander
Published: September 2018

En este artículo expongo algunas de mis más firmes creencias y nociones acerca de la esencia, naturaleza, implicaciones y perspectivas de la configuralogía. Al hacerlo, pretendo revelar las precisiones más elementales en las que se sustenta este paradigma epistemológico y metodológico. Especial atención y tratamiento se da a la configuración en los procesos socio-humanos, a partir de la comprensión configuracional de dichos procesos, analizando las configuraciones socio-humanas y las categorías que caracterizan las configuraciones, destacando la auto-configuración humana.
Una mirada al presupuesto anual de ventas de Rautenstrauch & Villers a partir de los números borrosos
Authors: Castiblanco Ruiz Fabián Alberto
Published: September 2018

El propósito del presente artículo es plantear la incorporación de la teoría de los números borrosos a la fórmula del presupuesto anual de ventas planteado por Rautenstrauch y Villers y modificada por Mercéles, como herramienta para el manejo de la incertidumbre y la subjetividad. Se inicia con la exposición del problema que se va a tratar y su justificación. Se hace una presentación de la fórmula del presupuesto y sus elementos constitutivos. Posteriormente se desarrolla un acercamiento a la teoría de la lógica difusa, los números borrosos, sus propiedades y operaciones básicas. Finalmente, mediante un ejemplo práctico se plantea la técnica de convergencia entre las dos teorías.
Impacto del capital transnacional en la contabilidad
Authors: Avellaneda Bautista Campo Alcides
Published: September 2018

La globalización de la economía, centrada en aspectos financieros, ha desarrollado dinámicas nuevas en los patrimonios de los agentes sociales, como ha ocurrido con el capital transnacional. Estos fenómenos impactan el campo de la contabilidad, requiriéndolo para que se enfoque en la generación de información contable financiera, destinada a usuarios inversores. Sin embargo, la contabilidad, al estudiar fenómenos relacionados con las dinámicas patrimoniales, tiene un vasto campo de acción y sus prácticas deben atender también necesidades de medición, valoración, representación y evaluación para múltiples usuarios. Este trabajo propone identificar características multidimensionales de la contabilidad, cuyo impacto recibido de la economía globalizada genera nuevas necesidades en múltiples usuarios. El resultado hace aportes al debate contable de importancia social. El enfoque metodológico es multimodal, enfatizando la explicación de la información contable para múltiples usuarios
La termoeconomía como alternativa para mejorar la competitividad industrial
Authors: Silva Larrotta Jorge René
Published: September 2018

El artículo presenta una breve descripción del término termoeconomía con el propósito de justificar su aplicación en los sectores industriales colombianos a partir de la formación académica en el área en concordancia con las políticas energéticas de Estado. Para entender su aplicación se realiza el desarrollo de una evaluación exergética a un proceso industrial de secado de subproductos de plantas de beneficio de aves a fin de establecer destrucción de exergía, costos exergéticos y valoración de combustibles alternativos
Administración de la enseñanza de ciencias naturales en educación básica
Authors: Mendoza Torres Christian Paulina , Leal Pérez Brenda Elizabeth , Hernández Roberto
Published: September 2018

El artículo tiene como objetivo organizar, integrar y sintetizar información publicada por otros autores, con el fin de mostrar un panorama acerca de la administración de la enseñanza de ciencias naturales en educación básica, es decir, el estado del arte de la instrucción del currículo de tal materia, a partir de la cual, de acuerdo con la revisión de la literatura se alfabetiza en materia de investigación a los niños en educación básica. Por lo anterior se busca aludir a investigaciones previas para informar al lector acerca de tal tema, se identifican las relaciones, contradicciones y diferencias en la literatura. Asimismo se busca con el presente artículo entender por qué la aplicación del currículo oficial es de vital necesidad para la enseñanza de ciencias como un factor clave en la formación integral de los futuros profesionistas, debido a que a partir de dicha planeación se plantean, organizan, dirigen y controlan los nuevos desafíos para reformular materiales y enfoques educativos evidenciando la importancia de formar al alumno bajo una metodología que le permita tomar decisiones inteligentes y responsables en asuntos de interés social.
Diagnóstico de capital social en los municipios de Chía, Funza y la Calera ubicados en el borde urbano de Bogotá,D.C.
Authors: Saiz Vélez Jorge Enrique
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar un diagnóstico sobre las redes de capital social de la población rural de los municipios de Chía, Funza y La Calera. Se utilizaron para ello dos encuestas y seis talleres que contaron con la participación de los habitantes de catorce veredas seleccionadas. Para establecer el grado de dependencia entre las variables consideradas, se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado que tiene como propósito determinar si dos cualidades o características referidas a individuos de una población están relacionadas. Se concluye que el bajo nivel de capital social encontrado se refleja en el desinterés de las personas por participar activamente en las decisiones de índole comunitaria que afectan su bienestar y la confianza tanto en vecinos como en las autoridades locales. Esta situación, como lo establecen otros estudios relacionados con el tema, puede también verse influenciada por delitos como el homicidio y el hurto generalizado, que deterioran tanto la confianza interpersonal como la institucional.
Estrategias diferenciadoras y generadoras de valor en economías emergentes. Caso Manguicultores (Sucre - Colombia)
Authors: Del Río Cortina Jorge , Cardona Arbelaez Diego , Pérez Olascuaga Shary Janice
Published: September 2018

This article presents the analysis of gaps that keep the mango sector of the department of Sucre (Colombia) with little competitiveness and the identification of variables and strategic actors on which the manguiculturists could exert influence to promote positive development and thereby improve competitiveness. The article highlights the importance of adding value to the product from the field of quality management as a bet that the manguiculturists could take advantage of to position themselves inthe market.
La Escuela Rural en Colombia como escenario de implementación de TIC
Authors: Soto Arango Diana Elvira , Molina Pacheco Luis Eduardo
Published: September 2018

The present study was based on the social history of education and qualitative research. Methodologically, it makes an approximation to the governmental policies and strategies for rural educational institutions, related to of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), implemented in the last decades in Colombia. Likewise, it is done an approximation to the Rural School as a scenario of socio-educational opportunities and limitations. It is concluded that the government projects for the application of ICT in rural education, must identify social, political and cultural contexts, to resituate the use of technology in teaching and become the scenario of empowerment of the peasant sector presented to the school as the nucleus of educational transformation. In addition, the teacher needs a mediating, critical and reflective role, which allows him to read the context, in terms of resources and needs of the population, to choose coherently the ICT tools that favor the teaching and learning processes and also recognize when it is appropriate to get by withouttheir use.
La productividad como determinante de la competitividad de las exportaciones de aceite de palma del departamento del Magdalena Colombia, 2007-2015
Authors: Lugo Arias Elkyn Rafael , Sáenz Zapata José Alfonso , Lugo Arias José Luis
Published: September 2018

The purpose of this paper, was estimate econometrically the effect of productivity (ton per hectare) and the nominal exchange rate on the competitiveness of exports of the palm oil sector in the department of Magdalena - Colombia, during the months between 2007 and 2015. The variable used to measure the competitiveness of exports was the Additive Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (ARCA). The econometric method used was Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). As a result, the model predicts an increase of 1,15 in the ARCA, when reaching a productivity of one ton per hectare, while the effect resulting from the Nominal Exchange Rate is lower (0,001). This suggests policies aimed at increasing productivity per hectare, protecting the environment (which implies the correct agrological use of soil for this crop), through the implementation of cutting-edge technologies obtained through the result of knowledge management.
Propuesta de una nueva definición de vulnerabilidad ante fenómenos naturales construida con soporte de análisis cualitativo
Authors: Morales Salgado María Guadalupe del Rocío , Pérez Coutiño Manuel Alberto , Salazar Giraldo Juan Pablo , Yory Sanabria Fabián Leonardo
Published: September 2018

Based on a proposal of definition for the concept of vulnerability in the constraints to have access to preventive information published from the systems of prevention of risk disaster, this article will feed the readers about the limitations that have been proposed from four points of view covering various aspects such as political, academic, economic and physical. Due to the lack of limited access to the alerts spread by different means of communication These several views can expose the society to one or more natural phenomena that might increase their vulnerability. The new definition was constructed by reviewing the associated existing literature and performing a qualitative analysis supported by the Nvivo software, using tools such as coding matrices and conglomerate analysis was possible to establish which are the strongest relationships between the proposed restrictions and how they correspond to the proposals of some authors, while establishing whether the focus of the present study has been previously used.
Nuevas prácticas letradas una oportunidad para mantener relaciones sociales y lograr nuevos aprendizajes en otro idioma
Authors: Jerez Rodríguez Sonia , Navas Rios Maria Eugenia
Published: September 2018

Traditionally, the term literacy has been often associated with the ability to read and write, and particularly print- based texts. However, there is among the young people a new generation that demonstrates tendencies to read and write out of classroom setting “through new literacy practices that use new media and technologies” (Wilber, 2008, p. 59). This study took place at a public university in Colombia and describes specifically a group of future English language teachers´ experience whose new literacy practices focused on networks, videogames, blogs or web page readings, that allowed them to interpret and create meaning through different types of texts which were built from linguistic, aural and visual elements. The results described that the social reading and writing processes in the web not only strengthened the individuals´ social interaction with foreigners but also promoted new learning opportunities. Other results described that the social reading and writing processes in the web not only strengthened the individuals´ social interaction with foreigners but also promoted new learning opportunities because these kinds of literacy show themselves more collaborative, more student centered and less individual than conventional literacy practices (Lankashear y Knobel, 2011, p. 184), (Knobel & Lankshear, 2014, p. 98)
Procesos de organización y participación comunitaria en prácticas académicas de la Universidad de La Guajira
Authors: Campo Rivadeneira Ledis Esther , Martínez Manotas Marlyn Dayana , Vanegas Sprockel Belkis Xiomara
Published: September 2018

The objective of this article is based on the analysis of the processes of organization and community participation in the academic practices of the University of Guajira, specifically in the nucleus of the faculty of social and human sciences. Likewise, the sample of the study was constituted by (5) people who lead the academic practices in this faculty and (156) inhabitants of the communities of Riohacha city; the research was based on the theoretical contributions of González (2013), Uribe (2012), Galindo (2012), Acosta (2012), among others. In this sense, it can be established that there are several communal organization and participatory processes, which allow the social inclusion of the sectors that involve a certain nucleus, in this case, the University of La Guajira, in which the planning of These elements are conceived as processes that must go through different levels of participation, admitting resources of meeting powers, different local and global scenarios, as well as the plurality of actors, which are framed from the technical, political, structural, conjunctural and the articulation of resources, as well: strengthen the organizational culture of public and private actors; generating social responsibility and ethical commitment, institutional management, in order to promote levels of self-management and / or sustainability, promoting inter-institutional cooperation and coordination, generating short, medium and long-term programs and projects. Faced with this, the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the University of La Guajira should encourage self-management work in the communities of the city of Riohacha, so that they themselves participate in the solutions of their most felt problems.
Strong linear correlation between parasite density and ABO-blood group among patients with malaria parasite infection
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad M. , Shettima Abubakar , Isa Tijani , Askira Umoru M. , Abbas Musa Ibn
Published: September 2018

Background: Analysis of the dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum infection as it relates to the ABO blood group system could expand our understanding of malaria pathology and further global efforts in addressing the scourge of malaria disease. This study seeks to examine the association between malaria infection and parasite density in relation to the ABO blood group system.Methods: 298 patients (Age Mean±SD = 28.8±9.16) were selected at random and screened for malaria parasite infection and parasite density quantification using the thick blood film method. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine relationship between parasite density and blood group.Results: 88 (29.5%) patients tested positive to malaria parasite infection. Patients with blood group O recorded the highest number of positive cases (56.81%) and the least was found among those with blood group AB (3.42%). 93.18% of patients that tested positive were rhesus positive while 6.82% were rhesus negative. 40.90% of patients with mild parasitaemia and 10.23% of patients with moderate parasitaemia were of blood group O+. Pearson correlation coefficient was strong, direct and linear (r = 0.9184; r2 = 0.8434).Conclusions: This study has shown that there is a strong correlation between parasite density per microliter of blood in relation to the ABO-blood group type of individuals diagnosed with malaria parasite infection.
Study of essential hypertension with special reference to end organ damage in adults
Authors: M. Rukmini Ramya , M. Rajya Lakshmi
Published: September 2018

Background: Hypertension, a major public health concern, affecting 20-25% of the adult population. It is the major risk factor for diseases involving Cardio Vascular (CV) and renalsystem. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that high Blood Pressure (BP) causes 1 in every 8 deaths, making hypertension the third leading killer in the world. The recent emerging trend in the treatment of hypertension is not only based on the pragmatic need to lower BP levels, but also on lowering the CV risk profile, which is largely linked to the presence of the end organ damage.Methods: One hundred patients with hypertension are recruited in this study. The ethics committee of Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada approved this study and all the participants provided informed consent for all the procedures in the study protocol.Results: Majority of the patients (40%) with EOD have hypertension of >10 years duration. The relative frequency of various end organ damages (CVS: 34%, CNS: 17%, kidney: 12% and eye: 10%) is also high in patients with hypertension of >10 years duration.Conclusions: A significant proportion of hypertensive subjects had documented associated EOD, with LVH being the most prevalent EOD. The above findings emphasize the important role of the primary care clinicians to the early detection, treatment and control of high blood pressure that might help to reducing overall cardiovascular risk.
Study of effect of maternal nutrition on breast milk trace elements in malnourished versus well-nourished mothers
Authors: Mane Sharmila M. , Patil Neelam J. , Nerurkar Alka V.
Published: September 2018

Background: Minerals and trace element content of human milk have been a matter of concern among nutritionist in relation to the availability of the essential elements to the new born. Mineral and trace elements occur in the body in a number of chemical forms, such as inorganic ions and salts, or as constituents of organic molecules, for example proteins, fats, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. There is a paucity of data on the effect of nutrition on the composition of trace elements in milk and its effect on the infant. Hence a comparison made between the trace element and mineral such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, calcium in milk of malnourished and well-nourished mothers in order to determine the effect of maternal nutrition on the quality of milk and its effect on the growth and physical development of the new-born.Methods: Around 100 mothers were enrolled in the study after obtaining prior informed consent. They were divided into 2 groups-group I had 50 malnourished mothers and group II had 50 well-nourished mothers. The pre-fed milk sample which was collected was stored at - 20℃ until it was processed. It was thawed and analysed for copper, zinc, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium and calcium.Results: The mean levels of trace elements (iron and zinc) and minerals (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium) were slightly more among well-nourished than malnourished women. Values of only copper were significantly higher in the colostrum of well-nourished as compared to that of the malnourished mothers.Conclusions: The parameters of weight, height weight/height ratio and hemoglobin varied significantly between the well-nourished and malnourished mothers. The difference in milk content of malnourished and well-nourished mothers is not significant for sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc. However, copper levels were significantly higher in well-nourished mothers.