bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Ad Tech: Assessing Collaborative Teaching in an Advertising, Computer Science and Design Course
Authors: Newell Jay , Tavanapong Wallapak , Berghefer Sherry
Published: March 2018

Advertising technology is advancing quickly incorporating digital techniques that may be beyond the experience of the individual faculty member. Collaborative teaching, where faculty members from different disciplines co-teach a course, may be a solution. This report assesses the learning outcomes of an advertising technology course taught by faculty from one university's advertising, computer science and human-computer interaction programs. The course was run twice, with a third one in progress. Students were predominantly advertising majors, with a minority of computer science and design majors. Two semesters of pre- and post-tests were analyzed, finding increases in student comfort with preparing and presenting technologically advanced solutions to advertising challenges.
Comparison of two intramuscular sedation protocols on sedation, recovery and ease of venipuncture for cats undergoing blood donation
Authors: Reader Rebecca C , Barton Bruce A , Abelson Amanda L
Published: March 2018

Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare the quality of sedation and recovery, and ease of venipuncture following sedation for feline blood donation using two intramuscular (IM) sedation protocols: alfaxalone/butorphanol (AB) and dexmedetomidine/butorphanol (DB).

Methods

This was an experimental randomized, blinded, crossover study. Ten client-owned healthy cats were recruited to participate in the study. Cats were sedated with AB (alfaxalone 2 mg/kg and butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg) for one donation and DB (dexmedetomidine 10 μg/kg and butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg) for another. Reaction to injection, quality of sedation and quality of recovery were assessed by a blinded observer. Time to lateral recumbency, number of venipuncture attempts, time required for blood collection and time to return to sternal recumbency were recorded. Cats were monitored for evidence of gastrointestinal distress. Each donation consisted of a maximum of 53 ml whole blood drawn over 3–22 mins. Donors received 100 ml subcutaneous lactated Ringer’s solution in recovery. Owners, unaware of sedation protocol, were asked to complete a questionnaire evaluating their cat’s behavior following sedation.

Results

IM injections were well tolerated by both treatment groups. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in sedation scores for posture ( P = 0.30) or behavior ( P = 0.06). Cats sedated with DB had significantly higher muscle relaxation scores ( P = 0.03) compared with AB. There was no significant difference between treatment groups in time to lateral recumbency ( P = 0.12), number of venipuncture attempts ( P = 0.91) and time for blood draw ( P = 0.29). There was no difference in quality of recoveries between treatment groups based on simple descriptive scores ( P = 0.18) and owner evaluation 24 h following sedation. One cat vomited following administration of DB.

Conclusions and relevance

Alfaxalone is a suitable alternative to dexmedetomidine when combined with butorphanol and used as part of an IM sedation protocol for cats undergoing blood donation.
Evaluation of orally administered telmisartan for the reduction of indirect systolic arterial blood pressure in awake, clinically normal cats
Authors: Coleman Amanda E , Brown Scott A , Stark Marcus , Bryson Lawrence , Zimmerman Alicia , Zimmering Tanja , Traas Anne M
Published: March 2018

Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of multiple once- or twice-daily oral dosage rates of the angiotensin II, type-1 receptor blocker, telmisartan (TEL), or placebo (PLA) on indirect systolic arterial blood pressure (SBP) in awake, clinically normal cats.

Methods

Utilizing an incomplete crossover design and following a 14 day acclimation period, 28 healthy laboratory cats were randomized to undergo treatment with three of the following 14 day treatment protocols, each separated by a 1 week washout period: oral PLA q24h, oral TEL at a dosage of 1, 1.5, 2 or 3 mg/kg q24h, or oral TEL at a dosage of 1 or 1.5 mg/kg q12h. Using the Doppler ultrasound method, indirect SBP was measured daily during each treatment period, and daily during the first 5 days of each washout period, approximately 3 h after administration of the morning treatment.

Results

Each treatment protocol was administered to a total of 12 cats. A statistically significant effect of treatment period was identified for the entire study; therefore, only data from the first treatment period (four cats per treatment group) were used for further analysis. Compared with PLA, during the first treatment period, SBP values were significantly lower in cats treated with TEL at all tested dosages by the second week of treatment. SBP remained significantly lower than in PLA-treated animals for 2 days following administration of the last dose in all TEL treatment groups. No clinical signs of hypotension were noted in any group.

Conclusions and relevance

These results suggest that treatment with TEL at a total daily dose of 1–3 mg/kg – administered as a single dose, or split into two equal doses administered 12 h apart – results in a significant, relatively long-lasting reduction of SBP in clinically normal cats. TEL appears to be well tolerated by normal cats at the dosages tested.
The role of the thalamus and hippocampus in episodic memory performance in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Koenig Katherine A , Rao Stephen M , Lowe Mark J , Lin Jian , Sakaie Ken E , Stone Lael , Bermel Robert A , Trapp Bruce D , Phillips Micheal D
Published: March 2018

Background:

Episodic memory loss is one of the most common cognitive symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but the pathophysiology of this symptom remains unclear. Both the hippocampus and thalamus have been implicated in episodic memory and show regional atrophy in patients with MS.

Objective:

In this work, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a verbal episodic memory task, lesion load, and volumetric measures of the hippocampus and thalamus to assess the relative contributions to verbal and visual–spatial episodic memory.

Methods:

Functional activation, lesion load, and volumetric measures from 32 patients with MS and 16 healthy controls were used in a predictive analysis of episodic memory function.

Results:

After adjusting for disease duration, immediate recall performance on a visual–spatial episodic memory task was significantly predicted by hippocampal volume ( p < 0.003). Delayed recall on the same task was significantly predicted by volume of the left thalamus ( p < 0.003). For both memory measures, functional activation of the thalamus during encoding was more predictive than that of volume measures ( p < 0.002).

Conclusion:

Our results suggest that functional activation may be useful as a predictive measure of episodic memory loss in patients with MS.
Evaluation of brain lesion distribution criteria at disease onset in differentiating MS from NMOSD and MOG-IgG-associated encephalomyelitis
Authors: Hyun Jae-Won , Huh So-Young , Shin Hyun-June , Woodhall Mark , Kim Su-Hyun , Irani Sarosh R , Lee Sang Hyun , Waters Patrick , Kim Ho Jin
Published: March 2018

Objectives:

We aimed to evaluate the utility of the recently described brain lesion distribution criteria to differentiate multiple sclerosis (MS) from aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G-associated encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM) at disease onset in an Asian cohort.

Methods:

A total of 214 patients who fulfilled the published criteria for MS, NMOSD, or MOG-EM and underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 3 months of disease onset were enrolled. The brain lesion distribution criteria were defined as the presence of a lesion adjacent to the body of the lateral ventricle and in the inferior temporal lobe, or an S-shaped U-fiber lesion, or a Dawson’s finger-type lesion.

Results:

Brain lesions were identified in the initial MRI scans of 166/214 patients. The distribution criteria were applied to these scans (MS ( n = 94), NMOSD ( n = 64), and MOG-EM ( n = 8)). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the criteria for MS versus NMOSD were 79.8%, 87.5%, 90.4%, and 74.7%, and for MS versus MOG-EM these were 79.8%, 100%, 100%, and 29.6%, respectively.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that the brain lesion distribution criteria are helpful in distinguishing MS from NMOSD and MOG-EM in an Asian population, even at disease onset.
A two-stage DEA approach to analyse the efficiency of the hospitality sector
Authors: Pulina Manuela , Santoni Valentina
Published: March 2018

This article explores the performance of the hospitality sector in Sardinia (Italy) using empirical data collected from company balance sheets (from 2004 to 2013). A standard data envelopment analysis (DEA) is run using sales revenue as an output and the monetary value of all tangible and intangible assets as well as labour costs as inputs. Following the Simar–Wilson approach, a post-DEA is also carried out to investigate the factors that influence hotels’ economic efficiency. The empirical results show that business default and the cost of money negatively influence hotels’ performance and that firms located in highly specialized areas with a strong seasonality are relatively inefficient. Furthermore, the short-run debt index and the long-term debt index positively impact efficiency.
‘Living together with dementia’ – Conceptual validation of training programme for family caregivers: Innovative practice
Authors: Sousa Lia , Sequeira Carlos , Ferré-Grau Carme
Published: March 2018

This article presents results from a conceptual validation of the programme ‘Living Together with Dementia’, through an e-Delphi study carried out during April/May, 2015 with 26 Portuguese and Spanish experts. The programme consists of seven individual weekly sessions and two group sessions over a seven-week period. It covers dementia, communication and behaviour; demands and expectations of the caregiver role; basic activities of daily living; coping and problem solving strategies; physical and mental health of the caregiver and community support. The programme methods mainly consist of discussion sessions, practical examples/simulations and skill training.
‘Out in the middle’. Humanities, interdisciplinary and the post-graduate puzzle: An interview with Professor Wiljan van den Akker
Authors: Vale Peter
Published: March 2018

Wiljan van den Akker is a university professor, a respected academic administrator, and a published poet and writer. From a base at the Utrecht University, in the Netherlands, his three-decade long career spans three continents and includes one-on-one associations with Berkeley, UCLA and Oxford. Currently, he is the Vice-Rector for Research at Utrecht but retains the title he was awarded in 2003, Distinguished Professor of Modern Poetry. In early June 2015, Peter Vale interviewed van den Akker in his house in Jeruzalemstraat, Utrecht. This is an edited version of two conversations.
Five-year survival, disability, and recurrence after first-ever stroke in a middle-income country: A population-based study in Joinvile, Brazil
Authors: Cabral Norberto L , Nagel Vivian , Conforto Adriana B , Amaral Claudio H , Venancio Vanessa G , Safanelli Juliana , Ibiapina Felipe , Longo Alexandre L , Zetola Viviane de Hiroki F
Published: March 2018

Background

Information about long-term outcomes after stroke in developing countries provided by population-based methodologies is scarce.

Aim

This study aimed to know outcomes five years after a first-ever stroke in Joinville, Brazil.

Methods

Data were extracted from the Joinville Stroke Registry about all patients who had strokes in Joinville in 2010 and were followed up to 2015. Stroke recurrence, Kaplan–Meier survival probabilities, functional outcomes, and causes of death were ascertained at 30 days, six months, one and five years.

Results

A total of 399 strokes were studied. The mean age was 64 (standard deviation 16) years. After five years, 52% (95% confidence interval: 47–57%) survived and 20% (95% confidence interval: 15–26%) of the survivors had modified Rankin scale scores >2. More than half of these patients were institutionalized in nursing or home care settings. The average risk of death per year was ≈7%. Survival rates were significantly lower for subarachnoid hemorrhage and primary intracerebral hemorrhage than for ischemic stroke. The five-year recurrence rate was 12% (95% confidence interval: 9–15%). The index stroke was the cause of death in three quarters of the patients.

Conclusions

The results showed that 68% of the patients with stroke were either dead or disabled five years after first-ever stroke. This percentage is similar to proportions of other recent cohorts from developed countries, despite the lower age of the patients in this study.
Osteoarthritis of the knee
Authors: Leung Raymond
Published: March 2018

Osteoarthritis of the knee is a degenerative condition that is commonly seen in the elderly population and sometimes occurs earlier in the athletic population. Pain and stiffness are common features, which can be debilitating. Clinical assessment of the knee joint requires consideration of its associated muscles, ligaments, tendons, bursae and menisci. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of knee pain assessment, to discuss the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis, and to review some evidence-based management options.
Adopting A Brief, Web-Based Feedback Approach to Counter High School Drinking: Considerations for Professional School Counselors
Authors: Doumas Diana M. , Esp Susan , Turrisi Rob , Schottelkorb April
Published: March 2018

Adolescent drinking represents a significant problem in the United States. Although high school juniors and seniors are particularly vulnerable to the negative consequences associated with alcohol use, evidence-based interventions for this age group are limited. The purpose of this article is to introduce a Web-based alcohol intervention with promising evidence as a best practice for a school-based program.
Brief electrical stimulation and synkinesis after facial nerve crush injury: A randomized prospective animal study
Authors: Mendez Adrian , Hopkins Alex , Biron Vincent L. , Seikaly Hadi , Zhu Lin Fu , Côté David W. J.
Published: March 2018

Background

Recent studies have examined the effects of brief electrical stimulation (BES) on nerve regeneration, with some suggesting that BES accelerates facial nerve recovery. However, the facial nerve outcome measurement in these studies has not been precise or accurate. Furthermore, no previous studies have been able to demonstrate the effect of BES on synkinesis. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of brief electrical stimulation (BES) on facial nerve function and synkinesis in a rat model.

Methods

Four groups of six rats underwent a facial nerve injury procedure. Group 1 and 2 underwent a crush injury at the main trunk of the nerve, with group 2 additionally receiving BES for 1 h. Group 3 and 4 underwent a transection injury at the main trunk, with group 4 additionally receiving BES for 1 h. A laser curtain model was used to measure amplitude of whisking at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Fluorogold and fluororuby neurotracers were additionally injected into each facial nerve to measure synkinesis. Buccal and marginal mandibular branches of the facial nerve were each injected with different neurotracers at 3 months following injury. Based on facial nucleus motoneuron labelling of untreated rats, comparison was made to post-treatment animals to deduce whether synkinesis had taken place. All animals underwent trans-cardiac perfusion with subsequent neural tissue sectioning.

Results

At week two, the amplitude observed for group 1 and 2 was 14.4 and 24.0 degrees, respectively ( p = 0.0004). Group 4 also demonstrated improved whisking compared to group 3. Fluorescent neuroimaging labelling appear to confirm improved pathway specific regeneration with BES following facial nerve injury.

Conclusions

This is the first study to use an implantable stimulator for serial BES following a crush injury in a validated animal model. Results suggest performing BES after facial nerve injury is associated with accelerated facial nerve function and improved facial nerve specific pathway regeneration in a rat model.
Foundation News
Authors: Symithe Steeve
Published: March 2018

The 2010 7.0 MW earthquake that struck southern Haiti had a devastating impact on the country. It is estimated that 230,000 people were killed, 300,000 injured, and 2 million displaced ( https://www.gao.gov/assets/660/658445.pdf ). Since that time, the city of Port-au-Prince, with approximately 3 million inhabitants, continues to expand at a fast pace. Accurate characterization of the regional earthquake hazard, particularly along the active Enriquillo Fault, is key to informing urban development and construction practices during the long reconstruction phase through which Haiti continues to progress. Our team recently showed that the seismic hazard map currently in use is significantly incomplete for the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area. This conclusion was reached based on the discovery of an overlooked component of north-south shortening along the Cul-de-Sac Plain to the north of the Massif de la Selle using space geodetic measurements from GPS. Therefore, new regional seismic hazard estimates are needed to better inform development in order to help lessen the devastating impact of future seismic activity.
Large-area quantification of subaerial CO2 anomalies with portable laser remote sensing and 2D tomography
Authors: Queißer Manuel , Burton Mike , Granieri Domenico
Published: March 2018

Quantifying subaerial fluxes of CO2 is key in a diverse range of applications, including carbon capture and storage sites, emissions from urban areas and industrial sites such as oil refineries, or forecasting volcanic eruptions. All of these have one thing in common: they represent spatially extended sources with a generally unknown spatial distribution of CO2 concentration. The conventional approach to measure CO2 fluxes is to first measure CO2 concentrations in situ at several points and estimate 2D CO2 concentration profiles. Along with the plume transport speed, the concentration profiles can then be used to compute CO2 fluxes. Active remote sensing of CO2 concentrations offers crucial advantages over in situ probing, including a spatially comprehensive measurement, a safe measurement distance, and faster acquisition, which enables real-time monitoring. This makes it also a viable complement or alternative to fence-line monitoring at industrial sites. In the last few years, technology has advanced sufficiently to allow for the realization of robust and portable remote sensing platforms that are relatively inexpensive and user friendly. Within the frameworks of the European Research Council CO2Volc and proof-of-concept CarbSens projects, such a remote sensing platform has been developed to probe CO2 emissions. It may be operated from a fixed location on the ground, from moving platforms (e.g., cars), or be airborne. The kit was used to probe CO2 concentrations and perform a feasibility test to obtain a tomographic 2D image of the subaerial CO2 distribution inside the Solfatara crater, part of arguably the most hazardous volcano in the world: Campi Flegrei near Naples, Italy. The methodology could be applied directly to industrial applications, including quantifying fugitive CO2 at storage and industrial sites. An unmanned aerial vehicle portable kit is envisaged.
Debate: The concept of culture has outlived its usefulness for psychiatry
Authors: Rashed Mohammed A. , Bingham Rachel , Poole Norman A. , Sanati Abdi , van Staden Werdie
Published: March 2018

This paper presents a debate in which the authors participated at the World Psychiatric Association conference in Cape Town, South Africa in November 2016. Professor van Staden acted as chair and here, as at the debate, provides a rationale for debating a topic that many of those involved in mental health believe to be decided. The discussion that ensued demonstrated, however, that while the arguments have moved on they have not ceased. Who won? Well that depends how you look at it. A few in the audience shifted position towards the motion but the majority remained opposed. What do you think?

Declaration of interest

None.
Perioperative Management May Improve Long-term Survival in Patients After Lung Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Wen-Wen , Zhu Wen-Zhi , Mu Dong-Liang , Ji Xin-Qiang , Nie Xiao-Lu , Li Xue-Ying , Wang Dong-Xin , Ma Daqing
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:

Surgical resection is the main treatment for patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but patients’ long-term outcome is still challenging. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of long-term survival in patients after lung cancer surgery.

METHODS:

Patients who underwent surgery for NSCLC from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2009, were enrolled into this retrospective cohort study. The primary outcome was the survival length after surgery. Predictors of long-term survival were screened with the multivariable Cox proportional hazard model.

RESULTS:

Postoperative follow-up was completed in 588 patients with a median follow-up duration of 5.2 years (interquartile range, 2.0–6.8). Two hundred ninety-one patients (49.5%) survived at the end of follow-up with median survival duration of 64.3 months (interquartile range, 28.5–81.6). The overall survival rates were 90.8%, 70.0%, and 57.1% at the end of the first, third, and fifth year after surgery, respectively. Limited resection (hazard ratio [HR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08–1.98; P = .013) and large tumor size (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.17–1.42; P < .001) were associated with short survival; whereas high body mass index grade (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.69–0.97; P = .021), highly differentiated tumor (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37–0.93; P = .024), dissection of mediastinal lymph node during surgery (HR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.30–0.67; P < .001), and perioperative use of dexamethasone (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.54–0.90; P = .006) were associated with long survival. No association was found between perioperative use of flurbiprofen axetil and long survival (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.62–1.03; P = .086). However, combined administration of dexamethasone and flurbiprofen axetil was associated with longer survival (compared to no use of both: adjusted HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.38–0.84; P = .005).

CONCLUSIONS:

Certain factors in particular perioperative dexamethasone and flurbiprofen axetil therapy may improve patients’ long-term survival after surgery for NSCLC. Given the small sample size, these findings should be interpreted with caution, and randomized clinical trials are needed for further clarification.
MicroRNA duplication accelerates the recruitment of new targets during vertebrate evolution
Authors: Luo Junjie , Wang Yirong , Yuan Jian , Zhao Zhilei , Lu Jian
Published: March 2018

The repertoire of miRNAs has considerably expanded during metazoan evolution, and duplication is an important mechanism for generating new functional miRNAs. However, relatively little is known about the functional divergence between paralogous miRNAs and the possible coevolution between duplicated miRNAs and the genomic contexts. By systematically examining small RNA expression profiles across various human tissues and interrogating the publicly available miRNA:mRNA pairing chimeras, we found that changes in expression patterns and targeting preferences are widespread for duplicated miRNAs in vertebrates. Both the empirical interactions and target predictions suggest that evolutionarily conserved homo-seed duplicated miRNAs pair with significantly higher numbers of target sites compared to the single-copy miRNAs. Our birth-and-death evolutionary analysis revealed that the new target sites of miRNAs experienced frequent gains and losses during function development. Our results suggest that a newly emerged target site has a higher probability to be functional and maintained by natural selection if it is paired to a seed shared by multiple paralogous miRNAs rather than being paired to a single-copy miRNA. We experimentally verified the divergence in target repression between two paralogous miRNAs by transfecting let-7a and let-7b mimics into kidney-derived cell lines of four mammalian species and measuring the resulting transcriptome alterations by extensive high-throughput sequencing. Our results also suggest that the gains and losses of let-7 target sites might be associated with the evolution of repressiveness of let-7 across mammalian species.
Infection and pathological lesions of lymph nodes induced by Linguatula serrata nymphs in one-humped camels in Iran
Authors: TAVASSOLI M. , HOBBENAGHI R. , KARGOZARI A. , REZAEIA H.
Published: March 2018

Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida: Linguatulidae) known tong-worm is a cosmopolitan, zoonotic, and obligate endoparasite. The parasite lives in the nasopharyngeal region of the final hosts, which primarily include dogs and other carnivores. Various herbivores, including, camels serve as the best intermediate hosts for nymph stages. In present study the mesenteric lymph nodes of 101camels were examined for infection to L. serrata macroscopically and histopathologically. The infected and normal lymph nodes were processed for histopathology. The results indicated that out of 101 sampled 33 (32.67%) were infected. Macroscopic examination revealed that the infected lymph nodes are swollen and dark, with rubbery consistency, some with subcapsular hemorrhage on cutting. Extensive hemorrhage occurred in various parts of infected lymph nodes. A section of L. serrata parasite was observed near one of the hemorrhage centers. Neutrophil count was very high in these centers and giant cells were present around the parasite, indicating granulomatous reaction. Our findings confirmed that different regions of Iran is an endemic for L. serrata infections. Because L. serrata is a zoonotic parasite, preventive measures should be adopted to disrupt the parasite’s life cycle and minimize the risk of infection in both humans and other animals.
The prevalence estimates of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle with ELISA
Authors: BUYUK F. , BOZUKLUHAN K. , GULMEZ SAGLAM A. , GOKCE G. , CELEBI O. , CELIK E. , KIZILTEPE S. , COSKUN M. R. , OTLU S. , SAHIN M.
Published: March 2018

Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease of Bovidae and the causative agent is Mycobacterium bovis. It is responsible for remarkable economic losses among cattle herds with widely dispersion. Prompt and consistent diagnosis of tuberculosis especially in countries where the disease is endemic as in Turkey is of great importance to detect and identify infectious cases for strengthening control measures. In the present study, it was aimed to detect true animal and herd prevalence (within-herd, and between-herd) of antibodies against M. bovis in cattle herds. A serologic survey for antibody detection against the M. bovis was conducted by using an ELISA kit. Thirty three cattle herds were randomly selected from different farms and totally 460 cattle over five years of age were sampled. The true animal, within-herd, and between-herd prevalences found were 5.9% (95% CI = 3.0 to 8.8), 11.1% (95 CI = 6.5 to 15.8) and 73.4% (95 CI = 51.2 to 95.6), respectively. Results will provide useful information about the status of M. bovis infection and will contribute to the disease control practices.
Nasal carriage and antimicrobial susceptibility of Coagulase–Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) among healthy veterinary students in Greece
Authors: MALISSIOVA E. , CHASIOTI M. , PAPADOPOULOS T. , KOMODROMOS D. , HADJICHRISTODOULOU C. , SERGELIDIS D.
Published: March 2018

During last decades CoNS and especially the methicillin-resistant (MRCoNS) ones have become important pathogens and their infections are usually associated with healthcare settings. CoNS are considered as source of antimicrobial resistance traits for other bacteria and thus the evaluation of their prevalence in the community contributes significantly to the risk assessment in relation to public health. The aim of the present study was the investigationof the nasal carriage and antimicrobial susceptibly of CoNS among healthy veterinary students. From 81 healthy students of the School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, 24 strains were isolated from 22 (27.16%) students. Of them 54% were identified as Staphylococcus haemolyticus, 45.8% as Staphylococcus warneri, 16.6% as Staphylococcus epidermidis, 4.2% as Staphylococcus pasteuri and 4.2% as Staphylococcus capitis. All isolates were resistant to penicillin, 33.3% were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 29.2% to erythromycin, 4.2% to oxacillin, 4.2% to gentamycin and 4.2% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The resistant to oxacillin isolate belonged to the S. epidermidis species and proved to carry the mecA gene. This study showed that the rate of nasal carriage of CoNS among veterinary students in Greece was low. The analysis of the standardised questionnaire, that was completed for each participating student during sampling, showed that pet owners tested positive for the coagulase-negative staphylococci were at a significantly lower rate (p-value=0.007) compared to non-pet owners. Moreover, among the participants who had visited a hospital over the last six months, the percentage of positive results in coagulase-negative staphylococci was significantly lower compared to that of the other participants (p-value=0.048). Although only one student found to carry methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis, its presence is evidence that this pathogen may circulate among veterinarians and the personnel of veterinary health establishments. Surveillance programs should also be performed in veterinary units because the emergence resistant bacteria in this environment may represent a risk to public health.
Breed-specific biochemical parameters of healthy adult turkeys in humid tropics in Nigeria
Authors: DANIEL-IGWE G. , OKWARA N.
Published: March 2018

This study evaluated the serum biochemistry profile of apparently healthy B-not strain of indigenous turkeys and determined the influence of sex on parameters. A total of 50 apparently healthy B-not strain of turkeys of either sex were studied. The turkeys were kept in the animal house at the College of Veterinary Medicine in Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein and standard procedures were followed in all the serum biochemistry parameters determined. The overall mean for the serum biochemistry parameters were as follows: alkaline phosphatase (ALP): 207.71 ± 2.93 IU/L, aspartate amino transferase (AST): 82.51 ± 1.13 IU/L, alanine amino transferase (ALT): 8.80 ± 0.83 IU/L, total protein: 3.69 ± 0.18 g/dl, albumin: 1.94 ± 0.54 g/dl, globulin: 1.75 ± 0.14 g/dl, cholesterol: 140.82 ± 5.28, bilirubin: 0.37 ± 0.07 mg/dl, urea: 4.29 ± 0.30 mg/dl, creatinine: 0.31 ± 0.38 mg/dl, triglycerides: 107.95 ± 7.55 mg/dl and glucose: 140.33 ± 0.52 mg/dl. In comparison to the female turkeys, the males had significant lower (p < 0.05) urea, cholesterol and triglycerides levels. It is thought that the baseline biochemical values will help veterinarians to interpret serum profile of sick animals and assist researchers in interpreting laboratory data.
Case Report: Pulmonary and Liver Sarcoidosis Suspected of Metastasis
Authors: Jafari Behnam , Sabz Gholamabas , Masnavi Elahe , Panahi Roghaye , Jokar Saeid , Roozbehi Amrollah , Hasanzadeh Sajad
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease with unknown cause that can vary from an asymptomatic condition. Almost half of the patients with sarcoidosis have no symptoms. In this article, we describe a sarcoidosis patient with lung and liver engagement; it may be confused with metastasis.

Case report: A 39-year-old man, known as hypothyroidism who had come to the emergency ward with dyspnea and coughing after exposure to detergents in a closed environment A 39-year-old man, known as hypothyroidism who had come to the emergency ward with dyspnea and coughing after exposure to detergents in a closed environment. The patient smoked for 10 years (3 pack/year). No other findings were found in clinical examinations except for wheezing in the right lung. The patient's chest radiography was shown a mass. For further investigation, spiral CT scan was performed. Large lymph nodes on the right side of the trachea, measuring about 23 mm and a mass of 70 × 77 mm in the vicinity of the right lung hilum and a hypodense nodule in the posterior part of the liver with malignancy suspicious were reported. After several biopsy results was shown chronic granulomatous inflammation, the most important differential diagnosis is tuberculosis (TB) and sarcoidosis. Sputum smear, culture, and PCR were performed for tuberculosis. Also, the level of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was measured for sarcoidosis. the results ruled out TB and shown a higher level of ACE (ACE = 88).After diagnosis treatment started with prednisolone. Now, the patient is in the follow- up.

Conclusion: In hilar lymphadenopathy of lung sarcoidosis is the importance differential diagnosis that should be considered
MORPHOLOGIC CONDITION OF THE LIVER IN NEWBORNS WITH INBORN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Ишутина Наталия , Ishutina Nataliya , Гориков Игорь , Gorikov Igor , Сомова Лариса , Somova Larisa , Андриевская Ирина , Andrievskaya Irina
Published: March 2018

The aim of the study was to study the morphological structure of the liver in newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. The material for the study was the liver of 36 full-term newborns who died on the 2nd-5th day of life from birth trauma, intranatal and postnatal hypoxia. The main study group included 16 full-term newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus infection. The comparison group included 20 newborns from mothers without any viral infections, as well as moderate, severe somatic diseases and obstetric pathology during pregnancy, and these babies died at the 2nd-5th day of life from birth trauma, intrapartum and postnatal hypoxia. The main cause of death of children of early neonatal age was intrauterine infection which was clinically manifested by moderate or severe cerebral ischemia with hypertension-hydrocephalic syndrome, pseudocysts of the vascular plexus, subependymal and subarachnoid hemorrhages, monocytosis, vesiculosis, pneumonia, hepatitis and meningoencephalitis and antenatal hypoxia caused by the development of subcompensated placental insufficiency. When describing the liver, the attention was drawn to the following macroscopic and pathohistological changes in the organ: 1) the condition of the capsule of the organ; 2) the change of the general plan of a structure; 3) the reaction of the bloodstream of the liver: 4) the condition of the portal tracts; 5) the state of the lumen of the bile ducts and its epithelium. The material was fixed in 10% neutral formalin, dehydrated in alcohols and poured into paraffin. For observational microscopy, histological sections 5-7 μm thick were stained with Böhmer hematoxylin and eosin. Morphological examination of the liver in the newborns of the main group showed an increase in the frequency of detection of subcapsular hematomas, pronounced congestion of sinusoids, foci of lymphohistiocytic infiltration of the connective tissue of the portal tracts, small-focal proliferation of Kupffer cells, alterative and proliferative changes in the epithelium of the bile ducts, as well as cells with viral metamorphosis. The revealed structural changes in the morphological structure of the liver in full-term newborns indicate the development of pronounced dyscirculatory, alterative and inflammatory changes in the liver of cytomegalovirus genesis.
Salience Bias in Crowdsourcing Contests
Authors: Lee Ho Cheung Brian , Ba Sulin , Li Xinxin , Stallaert Jan
Published: March 2018

Crowdsourcing relies on online platforms to connect a community of users to perform specific tasks. However, without appropriate control, the behavior of the online community might not align with the platform’s designed objective, which can lead to an inferior platform performance. This paper investigates how the feedback information on a crowdsourcing platform and systematic bias of crowdsourcing workers can affect crowdsourcing outcomes. Specifically, using archival data from the online crowdsourcing platform Kaggle, combined with survey data from actual Kaggle contest participants, we examine the role of a systematic bias, namely, the salience bias, in influencing the performance of the crowdsourcing workers and how the number of crowdsourcing workers moderates the impact of the salience bias on the outcomes of contests. Our results suggest that the salience bias influences the performance of contestants, including the winners of the contests. Furthermore, the number of participating contestants may attenuate or amplify the impact of the salience bias on the outcomes of contests, depending on the effort required to complete the tasks. Our results have critical implications for crowdsourcing firms and platform designers.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2018.0775 .
Continuing Professional Development: Pain management in children in the pre-hospital environment
Authors: Whitley Gregory
Published: March 2018

Overview

Pain management is complex in children; age, developmental level, and both cognitive and communication skills, as well as associated beliefs must be considered. Pain can have psychological, physical and social consequences, all of which impact quality of life. Without effective pain treatment, there are risks of long-term changes in stress hormone responses, pain perception and post-traumatic stress disorder. The current article helps to shed light on a number of difficulties faced when managing pain in children, and how to overcome them.
Toponímia e memória: uma proposta de atividade para as aulas de Língua Portuguesa no Ensino Médio
Authors: Sousa Alexandre Melo de , Gouveia Ana Paula Teixeira
Published: March 2018

A Toponímia se ocupa do estudo dos nomes próprios de lugares, em especial, dos aspectos da motivação e do significado dos designativos. Trazemos considerações sobre o caráter interdisciplinar da Toponímia. A interdisciplinaridade não se encontra enclausurada em um conceito, mas em posturas diante do processo de ensino-aprendizagem que procurem proporcionar encontros produtivos entre as disciplinas, teorias, práticas e, sobretudo, entre pessoas. Dessa forma apresentamos uma proposta de atividade para as aulas de língua portuguesa do Ensino Médio que dialoga com a Toponímia e com a perspectiva da memória oral, na intenção de dar abertura para a contemplação de um gênero textual ligado à linguagem cotidiana de pessoas de diversas ocupações sociais. A relação entre Toponímia memória pode proporcionar uma aproximação entre alunos e comunidade, como preconiza as Orientações Curriculares para o Ensino Médio, uma interação que envolva respeito pelo outro, trabalho em equipe, dinamicidade na discussão de teoria e prática e, sobretudo, um gênero textual oral (a narrativa da memória) sobre o qual discutir a língua a partir dos topônimos.
El desafío a los Juegos Olímpicos de Berlín 1936: Barcelona, la Olimpiada Popular olvidada y los atletas judíos de Palestina
Authors: Rein Raanan
Published: March 2018

El día 19 de julio de 1936 la ciudad de Barcelona albergaba a un número inusual de personas. Miles de atletas y hasta 20 mil visitantes se encontraban presentes en la ciudad para asistir a los actos de inauguración de la Olimpiada Popular que había sido convocada como desafío a los Juegos Olímpicos de Berlín de ese mismo año. Sin embargo la insurrección militar contra el gobierno electo de la Segunda República puso fin a esta iniciativa antifascista auspiciada por la Generalidad catalana. Debido a ello esta iniciativa quedaría relegada al olvido durante las décadas siguientes, recibiendo muy poca atención por parte de la historiografía dedicada a este agitado periodo de la reciente historia española. Este artículo arroja nueva luz sobre el desafío que la Olimpiada de Barcelona planteaba al imparable crecimiento del fascismo europeo a lo largo de los años centrales de la década de 1930. Igualmente, destaca el hecho de que algunos de los atletas presentes en Barcelona durante esos días pasarían a ejercer como los primeros voluntarios en sumarse a la defensa en armas de la sitiada República. Una de las delegaciones que viajaban a Barcelona partió desde la Palestina judía. Fue esta la primera expresión de solidaridad desde el Yishuv judío con la República española y su lucha por la supervivencia.
Modelos de feminidad. Juana de Vega, condesa de Espoz y Mina, en la cultura política liberal progresista del siglo XIX
Authors: Veiga Xosé Ramón
Published: March 2018

Juana de Vega, condesa de Espoz y Mina, fue uno de los referentes femeninos del liberalismo progresista español del siglo XIX. Este artículo estudia su contribución en la definición de la cultura política progresista con sus escritos y con sus actuaciones públicas. Destacan sus aportaciones en la concreción de los valores personales y las virtudes cívicas que dibujan el prototipo de ciudadano virtuoso, su promoción de conceptos e instituciones básicos en la identidad progresista (monarquía constitucional, defensa de las libertades contra el despotismo, elitismo integrador, catolicismo liberal) y el ejemplo que proporcionó con sus actividades filantrópicas y benéficas. La condesa representó el modelo de mujer progresista que participa con su pluma y con su activismo vital en la esfera pública, una presencia que materializó sin romper con las barreras definidas por la ideología de la domesticidad y de la complementariedad.
10 minutos de ronquidos y lluvia (poema material del poeta soñante)
Authors: Bravo Luis
Published: March 2018

A. Concepto:1. La grabación fue registrada al azar una noche en un hotel durante un viaje, en 2014. El grabador quedó prendido, el poeta durmiente. 2. La grabación se edita y se convierte en pieza poética desde una elaboración conceptual surgida a partir de la convocatoria de Vox Media.3. El ronquido, que no es voz, constituye una sonoridad incontrolada. La performance agrega la materialidad de toda la representación. 4. La pieza desde lo material es el audiograma del sueño. Desde lo onírico es sonoridad del inconsciente trabajando. 5. Síntesis: la performance incluye las variaciones del ronquido, los sonidos de la lluvia, el soñar del durmiente, el azar del registro grabado, el trabajo inconsciente del poeta. 6. La duración (10 minutos) integra la materialidad del poema.B) Instalación: pautas para la emisión. La manera simple para la escucha de la pieza es con auriculares en un equipo estéreo. Se sugiere agregar una escucha deslindada, si el equipo cuenta con alternancia de canales. a) Una primera escucha del canal izquierdo; b) una segunda del canal derecho; c) una tercera de ambos canales en estéreo. Canal izquierdo: paisaje sonoro (ronquido y lluvia) en tiempo lineal. Canal derecho: ciertas alteraciones del orden de las secuencias producen otras combinaciones sonoras. El estéreo, ambos canales a la vez, alterna los ronquidos a modo de contrapunto.

Post-producción de audio realizada en el “labOratorio” Maldonado, Uruguay.
the fisted neck
Authors: Bennett John
Published: March 2018

half a door and clown right clasp, your knobck ck ck l icks un g ate sleep inside the hoseyr Faucet vapor eats my end raw nor meat
La Triple Frontera como centro de atracción del yihadismo en América Latina: Orientación teórico-histórica
Authors: Pérez Calderón Johana
Published: March 2018

Este escrito analiza, desde una orientación teórico-histórica, la amenaza que representa para la región de América Latina la existencia de movimientos islamistas radicales, células durmientes de grupos terroristas yihadistas y los nexos de grupos criminales sudamericanos con el yihadismo en la zona de la Triple Frontera (TF). Para cumplir este objetivo, se busca dar una respuestaa una pregunta que se ha vuelto muy recurrente: ¿es el terrorismoempleado por los movimientos yihadistas una amenazareal para América Latina? Una posible respuesta se inspira enel paradigma teórico-histórico: el constructivismo y el referentede la globalización. En síntesis, este paradigma constructivistaexplica las dudas que se tienen para acometer en la construcciónde soluciones integrales para el manejo de la amenaza yihadistaen la zona de la TF. Se toma como referente a esta zona trifronteriza debido a que es considerada el mayor foco de amenaza en la zona del Cono Sur para el asentamiento del yihadismo, pues es un polo de atracción de actividades ilícitas. Allí se encuentra el crimen organizado, liderado por las mafias de las diferentes etnias que conviven en este espacio geográfico, como la árabe y la china; además permea una corrupción generalizada. Estos son los mayores peligros en la zona, producto de las reticencias que crean escenarios atractivos y vulnerables que son aprovechados por el terrorismo internacional.
High-Resolution Analysis of the Efficiency, Heritability, and Editing Outcomes of CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Modifications of NCED4 in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
Authors: Bertier Lien D , Ron Mily , Huo Heqiang , Bradford Kent J , Britt Anne B , Michelmore Richard W
Published: March 2018

CRISPR/Cas9 is a transformative tool for making targeted genetic alterations. In plants, high mutation efficiencies have been reported in primary transformants. However, many of the mutations analyzed were somatic and therefore not heritable. To provide more insights into the efficiency of creating stable homozygous mutants using CRISPR/Cas9, we targeted LsNCED4 (9-cis-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE4), a gene conditioning thermoinhibition of seed germination in lettuce. Three constructs, each capable of expressing Cas9 and a single gRNA targeting different sites in LsNCED4, were stably transformed into lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cvs. Salinas and Cobham Green. Analysis of 47 primary transformants (T1) and 368 T2 plants by deep amplicon sequencing revealed that 57% of T1 plants contained events at the target site: 28% of plants had germline mutations in one allele indicative of an early editing event (mono-allelic), 8% of plants had germline mutations in both alleles indicative of two early editing events (bi-allelic), and the remaining 21% of plants had multiple low frequency mutations indicative of late events (chimeric plants). Editing efficiency was similar in both genotypes, while the different gRNAs varied in efficiency. Amplicon sequencing of 20 T1 and more than 100 T2 plants for each of the three gRNAs showed that repair outcomes were not random, but reproducible and characteristic for each gRNA. Knockouts of NCED4 resulted in large increases in the maximum temperature for seed germination, with seeds of both cultivars capable of germinating >70% at 37°. Knockouts of NCED4 provide a whole-plant selectable phenotype that has minimal pleiotropic consequences. Targeting NCED4 in a co-editing strategy could therefore be used to enrich for germline-edited events simply by germinating seeds at high temperature.
Inferring Fitness Effects from Time-Resolved Sequence Data with a Delay-Deterministic Model
Authors: Nené Nuno R , Dunham Alistair S , Illingworth Christopher J R
Published: March 2018

A broad range of approaches have considered the challenge of inferring selection from time-resolved genome sequence data. Models describing deterministic changes in allele or haplotype frequency have been highlighted as providing accurate and computationally...