bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managerial Skills and Performance of Elementary School Teachers in San Julian District, Eastern Samar Division
Authors: P. Delmonte Myrna , R. Pomarca Arriane Mae
Published: November 2024

This study assessed the relationship of the managerial skills of the school heads in San Julian District, Eastern Samar Division to the school performance. A descriptive and correlational research design and the respondents were the 12 DepEd elementary schools employed. The data used in this study were taken from 12 school heads in San Julian District, Eastern Samar Division using 25 item adopted questionnaire consisting of five indicators for the school heads managerial skills practices; (1) capacity to lead strategically, (2) managing school operations and resources, (3) focuses on teaching and learning, (4) develops self and others, and (5) builds connections. Each item has a 5-point Likert scale to which the school heads respond in about 45 minutes. Data were subjected to statistical analysis including frequency, percentage, mean, overall mean, standard deviation, and correlation test. The statistical findings revealed that the level of managerial skills of public elementary school heads across San Julian District, in terms of; capacity to lead strategically; manage school operations and resources; focus on teaching and learning; develop self and others, and build connections are high. The school performance level displayed a move towards mastery efficiency. There was a significant relationship between the level of managerial skills of public elementary school heads to the schools’ performance. Based on the findings, the following are recommended: School heads’ managerial skills be sustained following the key result areas (KRA) outlined in the Performance Standards for School Heads (PSSH). Regular crafting and implementation of professional development for school heads and teachers. The DepEd official further reviews of prevailing leadership practices of school heads to further enhance the school performance, teaching staff, and learners.
Impact of Western Donor Funding on Legalizing LGBTQ Rights in Africa: Nigeria in Perspective
Authors: Adedokun A. Blessing , Tah Daniel , Danga J. Yusuf , Ibrahim B. Isaac. , Femi-Adedayo O. Osinimu. , Sambo Aisha. , Ahmed Adam Okene
Published: November 2024

Africa, deeply rooted in its cultural and religious values, often perceives LGBTQ legislation as a Western imposition, resisting such laws and resulting in the Global North viewing the continent as “non-adhering to human rights”. In response, governmental and non-governmental organizations, along with donor-funded advocates, are working to change attitudes within Africa. This paper, through a historical overview, asserts that some scholars trace Africa’s negative stance towards LGBTQ rights to colonial rule, leading the continent to uphold colonial-era laws ingrained in their cultural and religious values. Furthermore, the paper highlights that Africa’s homophobic stance towards LGBTQ rights has led to Western threats to withhold aid from non-conforming nations as a means to enforce non-African human rights standards. It underscores that in Nigeria, the Samoa Agreement aims to advance LGBTQ rights, and despite some scholars’ support for the agreement, the implicit clauses related to LGBTQ may create grounds for formal legalization, causing future complications due to Nigeria’s strong cultural and religious opposition. The paper concludes that political compromises by Nigerian leaders, divisions along religious and cultural lines, and the presence of LGBTQ communities supported by various organizations underscore the complexity of the issue. Additionally, it recommends establishing rehabilitation centers for LGBTQ individuals to realign their orientations with conforming sexual identities. The paper also suggests that it is crucial for the Nigerian government to balance cultural preservation with addressing global human rights standards when considering international agreements.
Non-vascularised Periosteal Graft Transplantation in Sheep: A practical Guide for Experimental Study
Authors: Adeoye Azeez Omoniyi , Hadie Siti Nurma Hanim , Munajat Ismail , Mohd Zaharri Nur Izni , Zawawi Muhamad Syahrul Fitri , Tuan Sharif Sharifah Emilia , Sulaiman Abdul Razak
Published: November 2024

The roles of experimental animals in orthopedic research is very crucial for the management of bone defects. Given the various drawbacks of the vascularised periosteal graft, researchers began to explore the effectiveness of non-vascularised periosteal graft in fracture healing management. Small laboratory animals especially rabbits have been widely used for non-vascularised periosteal transplantation research but with more challenges of obtaining a good graft size. Therefore, bigger animals, such as sheep—with more morphological and physiological similarities to human are used as animal model for surgical procedures. The article elaborates the features of periosteum, comparative anatomy of sheep’s hind limb, pre-surgical preparation, and surgical procedure for the transplantation of non-vascularised periosteal graft, especially for researchers operating on sheep for the first time. A male sheep of 4-month-old was used for this procedure. Periosteal graft was harvested from tibia and transplanted to femur to mimic treatment of bone gap in orthopedic surgery.
The Burden of the Stroke Caregivers in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Short Review
Authors: Razali Muhamad Faizzuddin , Ling Chong Shue , Ramasamy Shamala , Ling Chen Po
Published: November 2024

Stroke is the third leading cause of adult disability and mortality in Malaysia. During the COVID-19 pandemic, delivering care to many stroke survivors may lead to poorer caregivers’ mental and physical health. The social burden among stroke caregivers may be compromised when the social connection in a pandemic is limited. This review article discusses how the COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on stroke caregivers’ lives in terms of various burden (e.g., physical, psychological, developmental, social), with time demand intersected in these aspects. The roles of sociodemographic factors and social connection in contributing to these burden were also discussed. A conceptual framework which illustrates the interrelationships between various sociodemographic variables and different aspects of social connections, and their links to caregivers’ burden (especially in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic) was put forward for future empirical investigations.
The Role of Social Networking in Improving Health Literacy in Online Community: A Scoping Review
Authors: Mutiara Violita Siska , Pamungkasari Eti Poncorini , Padmawati Retna Siwi , Probandari Ari
Published: November 2024

This review aimed to identify the role of social networking in online communities to improve health literacy. We searched used electronic databases, namely Pubmed, EBSCO, Cochrane, Proquest, and Embase, from January 2012 to January 2022. Identification and screening were independent according to selection criteria. The electronic searches turned to 1.811 articles, nine of which met the inclusion criteria and were selected for study analysis. The findings showed that the roles of social networking in online community programs are Accessible avenues for information and experience sharing, self-managed care, social, emotional, psychosocial, and technical support. This scoping review concludes that social networking in online community programs can improve health literacy.
Neurotherapeutic Potential of Resveratrol: A Comprehensive Review of Its Neuroprotective Mechanisms in Mitigating Cognitive Decline
Authors: Renukadevi J  , Rithikha S  , Yokesh S  , VS Karthikha
Published: November 2024

Cognitive decline is a term used to refer to the decline in neurocognitive development of a person hence the loss of language skills, memory, or executive functions. The new directions in the prevention of cognitive impairment involve the consumption of phytonutrient-dense diets. To some extent this review aims to understand the impact of resveratrol in inhibition of neuro inflammation involved in cognitive impairment. To conduct a population, intervention, comparison, outcome and time tissue search was performed with an emphasis on gathering preclinical studies and clinical research on the molecular effects that resveratrol has on neuro inflammatory pathways including insight into neuronal apoptosis and synaptic plasticity. It will be seen in the preclinical and clinical studies that due to its effect on sirtuin proteins of resveratrol reduces activity of NF-κB thus lowers inflammation response in the brain. By doing this, further worsening of neuro inflammatory markers, neuronal death as well as deterioration of the synaptic plasticity that is pivotal to the preservation of cognition is avoided. The studies done in this subject show that resveratrol has the ability to be developed for use in the management of illnesses that affect cognition. Therefore, this analysis defines the molecular mechanisms by which resveratrol perform therapeutic role to ameliorate cognitive impairment. In so doing, the development of resveratrol as a nutritional supplement or lead drug candidate can best be achieved if the drug’s role in neuro degeneration is fully understood.
Inrush Current Measurement in the Water Pumping Station
Authors: Sabarivelu V  , Gopalan R  , KR Valluvan , Chandrasekaran Gokul
Published: November 2024

Municipal water pumps use an induction motor with a Fluke 434-II power quality analyzer to measure inrush current. To pump water from the river to the reserve tank, they use two parallel 120 HP motor pumps and two parallel 180 HP motor pumps to deliver water from the reserve tank to overhead tanks distributed across the municipal areas. Four control panels equipped with soft starters supply the motors. The soft starters' purpose is to limit the motors' inrush (starting) current, thereby reducing the electrical and mechanical stresses on the motors and pumps. The supplier is commissioning the entire new system. The measurement revealed that the transformer's HT fuse tends to blow when a 180 HP motor starts, and a 120 HP motor is running. We also observed that this does not happen when a 180 HP motor runs, and a 120 HP motor starts. According to its nameplate, the transformer can supply the required current. We present the test results that demonstrate these issues.
Enhancing Stock Market Predictions with Social Media Sentiment and Multi- Headed Attention Mechanisms
Authors: Ahire Vijaya , Borase Swati
Published: November 2024

Accurate forecasting of stock market trends is crucial for investors and financial analysts, as it enables informed decision-making and risk management. Our research introduces SentiStockPredictor, a novel framework that integrates sentiment analysis with historical stock price data to predict market movements with high precision. By leveraging a Transformer-based model, specifically DistilBERT, our approach processes sequential data to capture the complex time-based dependencies between market sentiment and stock prices. We employ multi-headed selfattention mechanisms, which allow the model to focus on different aspects of the input data simultaneously, and feedforward networks to analyze and synthesize this information. The data is standardized using advanced scaling techniques to ensure consistency and improve model performance. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that SentiStockPredictor achieves an accuracy of over 90%, significantly outperforming traditional models and current benchmarks in predicting stock trends. This superior performance underscores the effectiveness of integrating transformer techniques with social media analytics. The study not only advances the state of stock market prediction but also illustrates the broader potential of using advanced machine learning models to analyze and predict complex, dynamic systems within societal contexts. Our findings suggest that this approach can be extended to other domains where sentiment plays a pivotal role in market behavior.
LSTM with WSEQ-GAN for Cancer Prediction using DNA Sequence Data
Authors: Ravindran U  , Gunavathi C
Published: November 2024

Deoxyribonucleic (DNA) sequence categorization is a significant task in a generic computational setting for biomedical data processing. The sequence information contains the genome information it can retrieve from human chromosome cells. The gene information in the DNA sequence is used to predict the disease, especially cancer diagnosis and therapy. The class samples in the gene expression data are imbalanced. The main objective is to enhance the sequence of samples to make an accurate class prediction. To analyze and categorize the sequence information, which is the challenge task, dominant computational techniques are required. Deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) techniques are used for training purposes to process and categorize the genome information. In the data preprocessing stage for converting the sequence information into numerical values, ordinary encoding, one-hot encoding, and k-mer counting techniques are applied. The DNA sequence information contains insufficient samples based on the class labels. To predict better results, the proposed Wasserstein Sequence Generative Adversarial Network (WSEQ-GAN) method is utilized for augmented sequence data, and results are compared with traditional methods like sampling and SMOTE. Traditional ML and DL techniques like Support Vector Machine (SVM), K Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) are used to train and classify the sequence data. The augmented and non-augmented data using WSEQ-GAN were compared with existing methods. As a result, the proposed WSEQ-GAN with the LSTM network achieved 98% classification accuracy better than existing classification and augmentation techniques.
Examining Effectiveness of Interactive Teaching Methods in Fostering Ethical and Social Skills in Students at Secondary Level Schools Implementing Standards Based Education in Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Islam Dr. Rafiq ul , Saqlain Dr. Najeeb us , Kazmi Dr. Hina Hussain
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of interactive teaching methods in fostering ethical and social skills in students at secondary-level schools for implementing standards-based education in Sindh, Pakistan. Non-participation observation was adopted by using an observation inventory of ethical and social development as the research instrument for data collection. Students enrolled in grade X were targeted for the data collection and randomized into two groups of classroom size. One was taught through the currently practicing teaching methods and the other was taught through the interactive teaching methods. The obtained numerical data was analysed using statistical tools to compare the groups’ mean values to measure the effectiveness of teaching methods in students’ ethical and social development. The findings determined that interactive teaching methods were significantly effective in fostering students’ ethical and social skills and values while teaching them the English language. The findings of the study suggest that using interactive teaching methods possesses more opportunities to follow ethics and interact socially to be groomed while learning the English language.
Impact of Organizational Culture on Employee Performance Evidence from the Banking Industry in Pakistan
Authors: Shahid Fatima , Qazi Neelum , Sheikh Shaharyar , Ahmed Syed Waqar , Ansari Abdullah
Published: November 2024

Workplace culture plays a significant role in job choice and employee engagement, building a sense of belonging and enhancing productivity. This study explored organizational performance when connected with Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. A quantitative questionnaire which measured Hofstede’s four cultural dimensions including Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism-Collectivism, and Masculinity was used as the research instrument to collect data from the employees serving in private banks in Karachi that were selected conveniently. The findings reveal a strong correlation between Organizational Performance and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Nevertheless, the correlation between Organizational Performance and Individualism-Collectivism and Masculinity was found in a reverse order suggesting that increased Individualism-Collectivism and Masculinity resulted in decreased Organizational Performance. This study offers valuable insight for banks and other organizations seeking to tailor their workplace environments to optimize employee productivity and satisfaction.
How Music in Advertising Shapes Consumer Attitudes
Authors: Razak Qurratulain
Published: November 2024

In this modern day and age of the twenty-first century, with the growing amount of television channels and the influx of commercials being aired on different time slots, consumers are exposed to an array of commercials that comprise different music to grasp viewer attention and hence, elicit emotions to a large extent. Hence, this influences consumer attitudes towards the advertisement. It has become a pretty challenging task for marketers and advertisers to grab hold of consumer attention and watch an ad that lasts only a couple of seconds. To understand consumers' attitudes towards music embedded in advertisements, quantitative research was carried out by having 250 participants view four advertisements about the beverages industry in Pakistan, all containing some form of music. The findings resulted in the fact that music does elicit emotions. If the viewers’ interest is grasped by the music embedded in the commercial, they have a positive attitude towards the advertisement. But if the viewer is acquainted with the music embedded in the ad, there’s a full meditation.
FIELD EVALUATION OF VARIOUS CHEMICALS AND BIOAGENT AGAINST BACTERIAL BLIGHT OF DESI COTTON
Authors: Gholve V M , Pawar G S , Banne S N , Sornapriya S P
Published: November 2024

Bacterial blight cause yieldlossesincotton cropworldwide. Lossesare lesswhen only leaves are infected but when stem lesions are formed, the losses may be high as upto 90%. The experiment was planned to evaluate the twelve spray treatments viz. 10 chemicals, one bioagent and one untreated control in natural field conditions against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. malvacearum causing bacterial blight of cotton in Desi variety. First Spray wasgiven at first apperance of disease and subsequent twosprays were given at 15 days interval. Observations on disease incidence (PI) and disease severity (PDI) were recorded before one day of each spray.Amongsthe chemicals and bioagent tested the results obtained after third spray indicated that significantly lowest disease incidence of 20.84 % was recorded by the treatment streptocycline + copper oxychloride followed by the treatment streptocycline + carbendazim (20.92%), streptocycline + copper hydroxide (20.96 %), bordeaux mixture (21.35 %), but all four treatmentsfoundatpar in successionasagainst the unsprayed control 51.18 per cent (PI) and lowest disease severity of 10.22 % was recorded by the treatment streptocycline + Copper oxychloride followed by the treatmentstreptocycline + carbendazim (11.33 %), streptocycline + copper hydroxide (13.00 %), streptocycline (13.45 %).
E Agro Cart: Agriculture Equipment Rental System
Authors: Prof. Gage Pallavi Kondibhau  , Ashvini Sandesh Shinde  , Payal Dilip Padekar  , Sanchita Sanjay Patade
Published: November 2024

Agriculture is a labor-intensive sector, requiring a lot of machinery for agriculture. In comparison to workers, these machines are able to finish tasks in agriculture considerably sooner. The machinery used for farming or other agricultural purposes are referred to as "farm equipments." The various types of machinery used in agriculture include tractors, harvesting tools, mower conditioners, tillage tools, and other farming equipment. However, these machinery and gear are frequently very pricey, and every farmer cannot afford to buy them. The high price of purchasing new farm equipment and its corresponding high costs of upkeep increase the demand for farm rental services. This website provides a system for renting agricultural machines and vehicles called E-Agro Cart that allows farmers to get the latest data for farming and farm machinery such as tractors, tillers, rotavators, etc. Farmers can rent farming equipment and machinery through this website and perform all tasks related to farming while sitting at home. Farmers use rental services to earn some profit by balancing the costs of keeping their farm equipments. In order to avoid paying an immense amount of capital as a down payment on essential farm equipment, leasing out machinery for agriculture helps farmers to harvest their crop on time. Also, the agricultural operation is not profitable, farmers might find it hard to afford getting heaviest farm equipment. In spite of improving the efficiency of the agricultural machinery that is already accessible, this approach will help individual farmers who are willing to rent out their equipment and machinery for farming to improve their agricultural income. This system will offer farmers an area to buy and rent used agricultural machinery.
Comparative Studies on the Effect of Boiling and Sprouting on Antioxidant Potential of Onion (Allium cepa) and Garlic (Allium sativum)
Authors: Ebhomienlen Jonathan Osemengbe , Agboola Olukemi Lydia , Azeke Marshall , Kehinde Busuyi , Akwu Bala
Published: November 2024

The sprouted bulbs of Allium plants have been considered to be a waste in many kitchens and these discarded bulbs may contain improved antioxidant potentials as a result of sprouting. The study aimed to investigate how sprouting and boiling affect the antioxidant properties of garlic (Allium sativum) and onions (Allium cepa).
Garlic and onion bulbs were either sprouted for 0–10 days or boiled for 0–8 minutes. The aqueous, methanol, and chloroform of the bulb extracts were then prepared, screened phytochemically, and their ability to scavenge 2, 2-diphenyl-1–picril–hydrazil (DPPH) radicals was employed to evaluate their antioxidant potentials using conventional techniques.
The results show that boiling reduced the samples' total phenol, flavonoid, and ascorbic concentrations significantly (p<0.05) regardless of the kind of solvent utilized. The sprouted methanol extract of onions (7.84 mg/g RE) at day 8 and sprouted methanol extract of garlic (20.16 mg/g RE) at day 10 showed a considerably (p<0.05) higher total flavonoid content. All extracts expressed higher phenolic content at day 8 of sprouting onion and there was a significant increase till day 10 of sprouting garlic. The DPPH Scavenging activity of sprouted garlic and onions has the minimum activity on the 8th day. However, the comparative measure of ascorbic acid content in sprouted garlic and onions increases but differs slightly, Garlic has its maximum ascorbic content at the 10th day (8.820mg/g), while Onions has its maximum ascorbic content at 6th day (6.29mg/g). Generally, the antioxidant potentials of boiled extracts of onion and garlic decreased significantly.
The study revealed that sprouting of onions and garlic could increase their antioxidant capacity while boiling reduces their antioxidant capacity in both samples.
Microbial Status and Sanitation level of Food Contact Surfaces (FCSs) of Three University Restaurant Kitchens for Three Public Universities at Central-Delta Region in Egypt
Authors: Zaki Akram , Shatta Adel , Saeed Gehad , Youssef Khaled
Published: November 2024

The microbiological safety of food is primarily influenced by hygienic practices during food handling and the sanitation of food contact surfaces (FCSs). Consequently, the safety of foods served in university restaurants can be assessed by evaluating the microbiological quality of FCSs. This research aims to evaluate the microbial quality (MQ) and sanitation level of FCSs in the kitchens of three university restaurant kitchens for three public universities in the Central-Delta region of Egypt. A total of 108 swabs were collected from surfaces related to food (preparation tables, dining tables, cutting boards), cooking utensils (pots, knives, trolley tanks, mobile tanks, scoops, colanders), and kitchen equipment (peeling machine, steam pots, bain-maries). The samples were examined for total aerobic colony count (TACC), total Coliform count (TCC), yeast and mold count, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), Salmonella and Shigella spp. The microbiological analysis revealed that the greatest compliance rates with good hygienic conditions were observed in the FCSs of the UNK-1 university restaurant kitchen. In contrast, the sanitation levels of FCSs in the UNK-2 and NUK-3 university restaurant kitchens were classified as “unsatisfactory.” These findings highlight the need for improvements to enhance the sanitation levels of these university restaurants. Adopting and implementing effective sanitation programs, Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs), and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) is essential to ensuring the safety of food served to students.
Assessment Penilaian Risiko K3 Proyek Kilang MinyakPertamina Balikpapan Dengan Metode HAZOPS
Authors: Rahmansyah  , Anggitasari Inge
Published: November 2024

Industri minyak dan gas, khususnya pada proyek kilang minyak, merupakan sektor dengan tingkat risiko kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3) yang sangat tinggi. Kompleksitas operasional di kilang, seperti di proyek Kilang Minyak Pertamina Balikpapan, melibatkan peralatan berteknologi tinggi, bahan kimia berbahaya, serta kondisi kerja ekstrem yang rentan terhadap kecelakaan dan insiden operasional. Setiap kegagalan dalam pengelolaan risiko K3 dapat berakibat fatal, mulai dari cedera serius, kehilangan nyawa, kerugian material, hingga dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Hal ini menunjukkan pentingnya penerapan sistem manajemen risiko K3 yang efektif dan berkelanjutan untuk melindungi pekerja dan operasional perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, menilai, dan mengurangi risiko kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3) di proyek Kilang Minyak Pertamina Balikpapan, serta mendukung komitmen perusahaan terhadap kepatuhan regulasi K3. Metode yang digunakan adalah Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOPS), yang bertujuan menemukan potensi penyimpangan dalam operasi kilang, mengidentifikasi penyebab situasi abnormal, serta menilai dampak negatif dari penyimpangan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat lima faktor risiko dengan kategori risiko sangat tinggi (Extreme High Risk), yaitu kegagalan reaktor dan kesalahan pengoperasian, kegagalan peralatan akibat prosedur uji coba yang tidak memadai, kegagalan sistem pengawasan serta kurangnya kalibrasi alat, ketidakpatuhan terhadap standar konstruksi dan penggunaan bahan berkualitas rendah, dan kontaminasi akibat kesalahan pengiriman.
The Influence of Technology on Contemporary Aesthetic Standards
Authors: Copetti Luana
Published: November 2024

Throughout time, as a result of literacy and the need to communicate, communication has been present since prehistoric times through cave art and pictorial representations. Human beings have always had this need for sociability. The media is part of this process, being an integral part of everyday life and the social lives of most people, especially through social networks. It influences how we live, what we buy, and how we act, pushing us to follow trends or emulate influencers, all in pursuit of a specific form of happiness, which, in reality, is unattainable. The problem arises when part of the population sacrifices their basic survival needs in order to fit into the standards imposed by the aesthetic industry, which makes billions a year. This industry creates an automatic need, particularly among women, to conform as a means of being accepted by society. These behaviors lead to numerous challenges, all in pursuit of a beauty that, according to philosophy, does not exist. The aim of this research is to understand the motivational causes behind how people are influenced by aesthetic concerns and sentimentality. It seeks to provide reflections that encourage individuals not to compare themselves with others.
Justiça climática no semiárido e a carência de discussões no âmbito acadêmico brasileiro
Authors: Nóbrega Ranyére Silva , Nóbrega Sonally Késia Silva , Santos Pedro Felipe Cavalcanti dos
Published: November 2024

O conceito de justiça climática, derivado da justiça ambiental, ressalta como as mudanças climáticas impactam desigualmente diferentes grupos sociais, afetando mais intensamente as populações vulneráveis. Este artigo visa contextualizar sobre o tema de mudanças climáticas e justiça climática e explorar os estudos sobre justiça climática no contexto do semiárido nordestino brasileiro, no qual é uma das regiões mais vulneráveis às mudanças climáticas atuais. Através de uma análise bibliométrica nas bases de dados Scielo Brazil e Web of Science, foram identificadas poucas publicações sobre o tema, destacando uma lacuna no conhecimento acadêmico. Apesar de o Brasil possuir uma legislação ambiental avançada, a implementação de políticas públicas adaptativas, especialmente no semiárido, é insuficiente. O estudo conclui que é urgente aprofundar o debate sobre justiça climática no Brasil, com foco na promoção de estratégias que protejam as comunidades mais vulneráveis, assegurando seus direitos fundamentais diante da crise climática.
avaliação da alfabetização externa à escola
Authors: Rocha Gladys , Souza Luzmara Gonçalves de , Martins Raquel Márcia Fontes
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo bibliográfico com uma revisão da literatura sobre avaliação externa à escola em alfabetização, entre os anos 2000 e 2021. Visou-se realizar uma interlocução entre os trabalhos encontrados e sistematizar os conhecimentos produzidos na área, nesse período recente. O referido levantamento foi feito no Portal de Periódicos Capes e resultou em 27 trabalhos sobre o tema. A pesquisa demonstra que é a partir de 2005 que ganha corpo a literatura na área, com a realização das primeiras avaliações externas à escola no âmbito da alfabetização, no modelo do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica – Saeb. Dentre as avaliações da alfabetização mais focalizadas nos artigos, destaca-se a Avaliação Nacional da Alfabetização, a ANA, com um total de 8 artigos. Notou-se a ausência de artigos dedicados à avaliação da alfabetização externa na Educação de Jovens e Adultos – EJA.
Genel Bilgiler-Baş ve Boyun Kasları
Authors:   İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, Anatomi Ana Bilim Dalı Öğretim Üyesi, İstanbul, Türkiye, Tanyeli Ercan
Published: November 2024

Vücutta çizgili kas (iskelet kası), düz kas ve kalp kası olmak üzere 3 tip kas vardır. İç organlar ve damarların duvarında bulunan düz kaslar ile kalp kası isteğimiz dışında çalışan kaslardır. Bu bölümlerde (3 ve 3.1) vücut kitlesinin neredeyse yarısını oluşturan ve istemli çalışan çizgili kasların (iskelet kasları) genel özelliklerini ve baş-boyun kaslarını inceleyeceğiz.
When winning goals are scored: Variation in the use of sport metaphors in American and British news discourse
Authors: Brdar Teréz Mirjam , Szelid Veronika
Published: November 2024

The aim of the present poster is to compare the use of sport metaphors around the 2022 FIFA World Cup in spoken and written American and British English. Based on the claims of Boers (1999), my hypothesis is that there would be differences between (1) various the number of sports metaphors used during the competition and the periods before and after it, (2) between the American and the British subcorpora and (3) between the spoken and the written subcorpo-ra. The 3 time periods examined were 3 weeks in September 2002, 3 weeks during the champi-onship, and 5 weeks a month and a half after the event. The corpus (450, 000 words in 9 subcor-pora) consists of transcripts of TV news programmes and newspaper articles. The USAS Seman-tic Tagger was used to identify the sport metaphors which were then analysed and categorized according to the subcorpora they belong to. The findings corroborate the first hypothesis, since the frequency of sport metaphors was the highest during the event in both American and Brit-ish sources. There were no significant differences between American and British subcorpora, or between spoken and written data.Key words:sports metaphor; news discourse; entrenched embodiment; variation; corpus analy-sis; semantic tagging.
The annual cycle and sources of relevant aerosol precursor vapors in the central Arctic during the MOSAiC expedition
Authors: Boyer Matthew , Aliaga Diego , Quéléver Lauriane L. J. , Bucci Silvia , Angot Hélène , Dada Lubna , Heutte Benjamin , Beck Lisa , Duetsch Marina , Stohl Andreas , Beck Ivo , Laurila Tiia , Sarnela Nina , Thakur Roseline C. , Miljevic Branka , Kulmala Markku , Petäjä Tuukka , Sipilä Mikko , Schmale Julia , Jokinen Tuija
Published: November 2024

Abstract. In this study, we present and analyze the first continuous time series of relevant aerosol precursor vapors from the central Arctic (north of 80° N) during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition. These precursor vapors include sulfuric acid (SA), methanesulfonic acid (MSA), and iodic acid (IA). We use FLEXPART simulations, inverse modeling, sulfur dioxide (SO2) mixing ratios, and chlorophyll a (chl a) observations to interpret the seasonal variability in the vapor concentrations and identify dominant sources. Our results show that both natural and anthropogenic sources are relevant for the concentrations of SA in the Arctic, but anthropogenic sources associated with Arctic haze are the most prevalent. MSA concentrations are an order of magnitude higher during polar day than during polar night due to seasonal changes in biological activity. Peak MSA concentrations were observed in May, which corresponds with the timing of the annual peak in chl a concentrations north of 75° N. IA concentrations exhibit two distinct peaks during the year, namely a dominant peak in spring and a secondary peak in autumn, suggesting that seasonal IA concentrations depend on both solar radiation and sea ice conditions. In general, the seasonal cycles of SA, MSA, and IA in the central Arctic Ocean are related to sea ice conditions, and we expect that changes in the Arctic environment will affect the concentrations of these vapors in the future. The magnitude of these changes and the subsequent influence on aerosol processes remains uncertain, highlighting the need for continued observations of these precursor vapors in the Arctic.
Tracing the origins of stratospheric ozone intrusions: direct vs. indirect pathways and their impacts on Central and Eastern China in spring–summer 2019
Authors: Meng Kai , Zhao Tianliang , Bai Yongqing , Wu Ming , Cao Le , Hou Xuewei , Luo Yuehan , Jiang Yongcheng
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The impact of stratospheric intrusions (SIs) on Central and Eastern China (CEC) with severe ozone pollution presents a range of uncertainties, underscoring the imperative for sustained research endeavors. In this study, we propose a traceability assessment method that can derive high-resolution critical source areas (CSAs) of SIs by utilizing ambient air quality observations, global ozone (re)analysis data, and customized Lagrangian simulations. This approach enables us to facilitate a meticulous and systematic examination of the impact of direct and indirect SIs on tropospheric and near-surface ozone in six important sub-regions within the CEC during the spring and summer of 2019, as well as the unique circulations driving SIs, from a more refined and targeted tracing perspective. The findings reveal that impacts of indirect intrusions are more efficient at monthly scales, with contributions to tropospheric ozone reaching up to twice the magnitude of direct intrusions. The impacts of direct intrusions are more pronounced at daily scales, primarily occurring in May. In terms of contribution to near-surface ozone, the eastern plains frequently witness ozone exceedance events, with the most substantial impact from SIs observed (e.g., contributing 15.8 % and 16.7 % to near-surface ozone in North China and East China, respectively), showcasing a remarkable ability to capture descending lower-stratospheric air. In contrast, the Loess Plateau and Central China, situated in central and western high-altitude regions, receive more intrusive ozone into the troposphere but exhibit minimal contributions to near-surface ozone. The indirect intrusions that generate the above impact come from three to four CSAs located thousands of kilometers away, evenly distributed latitudinally within the westerlies between 40 and 70° N (spaced 70 longitudes apart). These CSAs are intricately linked to the evolution of synoptic-scale Rossby waves or subtropical westerly jets, with western Siberia or Europe and north Africa identified as the most significant CSAs. Conversely, the CSAs for direct intrusions are relatively concentrated, with those influencing the middle troposphere originating from the Tibetan Plateau and those influencing the lower troposphere predominantly located in Mongolia and central Russia, just a few hundred kilometers from the CEC. These sources are associated with typical atmospheric circulations such as the northeast cold vortex and the South Asian High, where the intensity of the intrusion system plays a more crucial role than its frequency of occurrence. This study provides valuable insights for forecasting and mitigating the impact of SIs on ozone pollution in China and contributes to addressing the broader challenges posed by climate change.
Total column optical depths retrieved from CALIPSO lidar ocean surface backscatter
Authors: Ryan Robert A. , Vaughan Mark A. , Rodier Sharon D. , Tackett Jason L. , Reagan John A. , Ferrare Richard A. , Hair Johnathan W. , Smith John A. , Getzewich Brian J.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This paper introduces the Ocean Derived Column Optical Depth (ODCOD) algorithm. ODCOD is now being used to retrieve full-column optical depths from the 532 nm measurements acquired by the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) aboard the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) spacecraft. ODCOD uses the lidar integrated attenuated backscatter from the ocean surface, together with collocated wind speed estimates from Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2), to estimate the full-column optical depths of particulates (i.e., clouds and aerosols) in the Earth's atmosphere. Unlike CALIOP's standard retrievals, which estimate optical depths only when particulate layers are detected, ODCOD retrievals deliver a comprehensive estimate that accounts for attenuation by all particulates present within the lidar profiles. This paper describes the ODCOD algorithm, develops random uncertainty estimates, and characterizes the systematic differences between ODCOD optical depths and those reported by previously validated data sets. This paper presents performance assessments of ODCOD cloud-free profiles to compare the ODCOD aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals to collocated measurements made by the airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) instruments flown by NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), to daytime estimates derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and to daytime and nighttime retrievals using the Synergized Optical Depth of Aerosols (SODA) algorithm. ODCOD AODs are biased high relative to LaRC HSRL AODs by 0.009 ± 0.043 (median ± median absolute deviation), with a correlation coefficient of 0.724, and biased low relative to MODIS by 0.009 ± 0.041, with a correlation coefficient of 0.834. Relative to SODA, which derives AOD from a combination of CALIOP and CloudSat ocean surface measurements, ODCOD is biased high in the daytime by 0.004 ± 0.035 and higher at night by 0.027 ± 0.034, with correlation coefficients of 0.887 and 0.891, respectively. Because ODCOD estimates are independent from the standard CALIOP optical depth retrievals, they offer potential for future advances in the CALIPSO data record, both in validating CALIOP's standard estimates and as a potential total column constraint to improve extinction coefficient retrievals.
Reviews and syntheses: Biological indicators of low-oxygen stress in marine water-breathing animals
Authors: Roman Michael R. , Altieri Andrew H. , Breitburg Denise , Ferrer Erica M. , Gallo Natalya D. , Ito Shin-ichi , Limburg Karin , Rose Kenneth , Yasuhara Moriaki , Levin Lisa A.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Anthropogenic warming and nutrient over-enrichment of our oceans have resulted in significant, and often catastrophic, reductions in dissolved oxygen (deoxygenation). Stress on water-breathing animals from this deoxygenation has been shown to occur at all levels of biological organization: cellular, organ, individual, species, population, community, and ecosystem. Most climate forecasts predict increases in ocean deoxygenation; thus, it is essential to develop reliable biological indicators of low-oxygen stress that can be used by regional and global oxygen monitoring efforts to detect and assess the impacts of deoxygenation on ocean life. This review focuses on responses to low-oxygen stress that are manifest at different levels of biological organization and at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. We compare particular attributes of these biological indicators to the dissolved oxygen threshold of response, timescales of response, sensitive life stages and taxa, and the ability to scale the response to oxygen stress across levels of organization. Where there is available evidence, we discuss the interactions of other biological and abiotic stressors on the biological indicators of low-oxygen stress. We address the utility, confounding effects, and implementation of the biological indicators of oxygen stress for research and societal applications. Our hope is that further refinement and dissemination of these oxygen stress indicators will provide more direct support for environmental managers, fisheries and mariculture scientists, conservation professionals, and policymakers to confront the challenges of ocean deoxygenation. An improved understanding of the sensitivity of different ocean species, communities, and ecosystems to low-oxygen stress will empower efforts to design monitoring programs, assess ecosystem health, develop management guidelines, track conditions, and detect low-oxygen events.
Characterization of non-Gaussianity in the snow distributions of various landscapes
Authors: Ohara Noriaki , Parsekian Andrew D. , Jones Benjamin M. , Rangel Rodrigo C. , Hinkel Kenneth M. , Perdigão Rui A. P.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Seasonal snowpack is an important predictor of the water resources available in the following spring and early-summer melt season. Total basin snow water equivalent (SWE) estimation usually requires a form of statistical analysis that is implicitly built upon the Gaussian framework. However, it is important to characterize the non-Gaussian properties of snow distribution for accurate large-scale SWE estimation based on remotely sensed or sparse ground-based observations. This study quantified non-Gaussianity using sample negentropy; the Kullback–Leibler divergence from the Gaussian distribution for field-observed snow depth data from the North Slope, Alaska; and three representative SWE distributions in the western USA from the Airborne Snow Observatory (ASO). Snowdrifts around lakeshore cliffs and deep gullies can bring moderate non-Gaussianity in the open, lowland tundra of North Slope, Alaska, while the ASO dataset suggests that subalpine forests may effectively suppress the non-Gaussianity of snow distribution. Thus, non-Gaussianity is found in areas with partial snow cover and wind-induced snowdrifts around topographic breaks on slopes and on other steep terrain features. The snowpacks may be considered weakly Gaussian in coastal regions with open tundra in Alaska and alpine and subalpine terrains in the western USA if the land is completely covered by snow. The wind-induced snowdrift effect can potentially be partitioned from the observed snow spatial distribution guided by its Gaussianity.
Function and Role of Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles
Authors:   , Wu Li-Ying
Published: November 2024

This thesis demonstrated cancer cell-derived CD155-positive EVs are associated with the upregulation of CD155 and downregulation of its receptor DNAM-1 on NK cells, which could benefit current anti-cancer immune therapy improvement. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to detect EV-enriched fractions isolated from serum samples, which has significant potential for clinical biomarker applications. This thesis also explored the capability of specific isolation of cancer-derived EV by using immunoprecipitation. Overall, this thesis provides a novel pathway on how cancer-derived EVs regulate immune cells within the tumour microenvironment, as well as novel enrichment and detection methodologies for blood-derived cancer EVs.
The Phenomenon of Marginal and the Fashion System: The Principle of Novelty and the Problem of Meaning
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University, VASILYEVA Ekaterina V.
Published: November 2024

In the fashion system, the phenomenon of the marginal is a specific phenomenon. Its principle is associated with the idea of the non-standard, which over time is defined as the norm. The concept of marginality, which emerged in the works of Robert Park and Everett Stonequist, initially implied a system of cross-cultural contacts, assimilation and appropriation. In this context, marginality implied non-conformity to the cultural standard, contradiction and conflict. It meant non-conformity to the cultural norm, being on the periphery of a cultural community or on the border of cultural groups. Fashion can be imagined as the development of a marginal segment, no matter how conventional its characteristics may be – from aristocratic costume to radical street styles. The marginal becomes unconditionally new for fashion, always ensuring movement from the social and ideological periphery to the semantic center. Fashion uses the marginal as a material located on the periphery. The fashion standard implies an ideological movement from the periphery to the meaningful ideological center, presenting the new marginal as a norm. What seemed anomalous and peripheral in the fashion system acquires the meaning of the norm and seizes a dominant position. The content of fashion is to establish a value system. In this sense, the new in the fashion system is one of the forms of the marginal. Fashion is built on the constant recognition of the marginal, which is positioned as new. Fashion implies the transformation of the marginal into the canon. Fashion can be considered one of those mechanisms that makes it possible to turn the marginal into a standard. A phenomenon that is initially perceived as a deviation, anomaly and marginal form becomes a standard, a trend and acquires the character of a social norm. The issue of the marginal in the fashion system has rarely become the subject of systematic academic research. The article examines the problems of the marginal in the system of fashion and fashion as a mechanism for adapting the marginal.