bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF SHEAR WAVE ELASTOGRAPHY IN CHARACTERIZATION OF BREAST MASSES USING HISTOPATHOLOGY AS GOLD STANDARD
Authors: Meena Nahar Singh , Bagarhatta Meenu , Mendiratta Kuldeep
Published: March 2022

Background: More recent ultrasound technique like SWE have led to better degrees of breast mass characterization by estimating tissue stiffness
based on the acoustically generated shear wave propagation speed through the tissue. To nd out the sensitivity and Aims and Objectives:
specicity of shear wave elastography in characterizing palpable breast masses using histopathology as gold standard. Materials and methods:
This prospective, cross-sectional study was from may 2020 to June 2021. All patients underwent B-mode ultrasound, SWE and USG guided core
biopsy of breast mass, BI-RADS on USG with modications by SWE assigned, cut-off values for qualitative and quantitative variables of SWE for
differentiation between benign and malignant masses were estimated. SWE ndings were corelated with histopathology.
Results: On histopathology amongst 55 patients 27 (49%) were benign and 28 (51%) were malignant. On USG, 19 were BI-RADS3 and 36 were
BI-RADS 4 (4a, n = 18; 4b, n = 14; 4c, n = 4) leading to 78.57% sensitivity and 48.15% specicity. On modied BI-RADS' using E-color and Emean/E-max, specicity improved to 66.67% and 77.78% respectively. Addition of SWE to ul Conclusion: trasound improves characterization of
BI-RADS 3 and 4a masses. E-max, E-mean and E-color are the most useful SWE parameters to differentiate between malignant and benign breast
masses
Comparative study of cyber-attacks focused on digital websites
Authors: Rodriguez Ciro , Ogosi José , Mayhuasca Jorge , Falcón Francisco Manuel Hilario , Paredes Pervis
Published: March 2022

The level of cyber-attacks that violate the devices and web platforms are tools of risk and damage that focus on subtracting private and restricted information of users without administrative permissions, that is why the proposal in this research is to raise cyber-attacks where operations are performed on a massive scale and through fraudulent techniques and strategies, under the tools of: (a) Nmap, (b) SQL Injection, (c) Fiddler, (d) Burp Suite performing a comparison study of these tools in order to be able to demonstrate how they are effective against web platforms and how the web administrator or technician should take the necessary care against these cyber-attacks. In summary, the Nmap and Injection SQL tools are contemplated to have free access for its variety of operating systems under the tool platform allowing to analyze the security of the system for sending packets to different devices. In addition, the Fiddler and Burp Suite tools have a paid license access due to the differences in their product costs. Finally, as a recommendation we can say that the study can be improved by implementing more selection criteria and adding more tools to expand the topic with classifications by type of structure.
MAXVAR-based Distributed Correlation Estimation in a Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Hovine Charles , Bertrand Alexander
Published: March 2022

The performance of most array signal processing tasks relies on the presence of correlation between sensor signals. In a wireless sensor network, where sensor nodes are spread out over a relatively large area, it is useful to identify nodes observing similar sensor signals and hence common phenomenons, for example to partition the network according to the observed latent signals and corresponding correlation structure. This can be achieved via the so-called MAXVAR formulation of generalized canonical correlation analysis, which finds a low-dimensional subspace that highlights correlated signal components between multiple nodes' observed signal subspaces. The classical procedure for computing the solutions of MAXVAR consists in performing a generalized eigenvalue decomposition after collecting all the sensors' signals at a fusion center. However, this typically incurs high communication and computational costs. In this paper, we describe a low communication and computational cost distributed algorithm that computes the solutions of MAXVAR without aggregating the nodes' observations at a central location. We show how a subset of those solutions can be used locally by each node to estimate the global correlation structure across all nodes in the network, thereby allowing any node to evaluate the presence of correlated signals at any other node, even if no direct link is shared. We prove the convergence of the algorithm and validate our method for estimating the correlation structure via simulations.
A theory of organizational structures for development and infrastructure professionals
Authors: Leite Leonardo , Lago Nelson , Melo Claudia , Kon Fabio , Meirelles Paulo Roberto de Lima
Published: March 2022

DevOps and continuous delivery have impacted the organizational structures of development and infrastructure groups in software-producing organizations. Our research aims at revealing the different options adopted by the software industry to organize such groups, understanding why different organizations adopt distinct structures, and discovering how organizations handle the drawbacks of each structure. By interviewing 68 carefully-selected IT professionals and analyzing these conversations through a Grounded Theory process, we identified conditions, causes, reasons to avoid, consequences, and contingencies related to each discovered structure (segregated departments, collaborative departments, API-mediated departments, and single department). In this way, we offer a theory to explain organizational structures for development and infrastructure professionals. This theory can support practitioners and researchers in comprehending and discussing the DevOps phenomenon and its related issues, and also provides valuable input to practitioners' decision-making.
iPET: Privacy Enhancing Traffic Perturbations for Secure IoT Communications
Authors: Shenoi Akshaye , Karthik Prasanna , Sabharwal Kanav , Jialin Li , Divakaran Dinil Mon
Published: March 2022

IoT devices constantly communicate with servers over the Internet, allowing an attacker to extract sensitive information by passively monitoring the network traffic. Recent research works have shown that a network attacker with a trained machine learning (ML) model can accurately fingerprint IoT devices learned from the (encrypted) traffic flows of the devices. Such fingerprinting attacks are capable of revealing the make and model of the devices, which can further be used to extract detailed user activities.

In this work, we develop and propose iPET, a novel adversarial perturbation-based traffic modification system that defends against fingerprinting attacks. iPET design employs GAN (Generative Adversarial Networks) in a tuneable way, allowing users to specify the maximum bandwidth overhead they are willing to tolerate for the defense. A fundamental idea of iPET is to deliberately introduce stochasticity between model instances. This approach limits a counter attack, as it inhibits an attacker from recreating an identical perturbation model and using it for fingerprinting. We evaluate the effectiveness of our defense against state-of-the-art fingerprinting models and with three different attacker capabilities. Our evaluations on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that iPET decreases the accuracy of even the potent attackers. We also show that the traffic perturbations generated by iPET generalize well to different fingerprinting schemes that an attacker may deploy.
Hic sunt leones. Iconographic analysis and computational modelling for the study of the Iron Age free-standing lions of the Elbistan plain (south-eastern Anatolia)
Authors: Di Filippo Francesco , Manuelli Federico
Published: March 2022

Lying between the central Anatolian plateau and the Euphrates region, the Elbistan plain represents an ideal environment for inspecting forms of cultural interconnection. During the Iron Age, this territory was marked by the presence of notable inscribed monuments, the study of which allowed scholars to establish relationships with the most significant Neo-Hittite dynasties. This region is also characterized by the presence of sets of anepigraphic portal lions, positioned seemingly at random in the open landscape and with no apparent relationship with coeval archaeological remains, which have never been concretely integrated into the historical picture. In this contribution, the iconographic and stylistic analysis of these sculptures will allow us to situate them in their chronological and historical framework. A computational spatial model is further used to evaluate the meaning of their positioning as markers of a visual networking system that may have represented the most significant thoroughfares to and from the Elbistan plain.
The Sacralisation of the Battle of Poltava in the Eighteenth-Century Russian Empire
Authors: Yaremenko Maksym
Published: March 2022

Shortly after its completion, the Battle of Poltava became a key symbol of Russian imperial ideology. Yet the successful completion of the military campaign in Poltava acquired the status of a sacred event only in the last decades of the 18th century. In this article I investigate both the reasons why during Catherine ii’s reign this military event was granted its own entry in the Church calendar and the internal and external affairs that encouraged the process of sacralisation of the victory over the Swedes by the synodal Church. I argue that the analysis of the Poltava victory as a sacred symbol, which has been largely disregarded by historians, allows us, inter alia, to better assess the mobilising role of the Church feasts in the 18th-century Russian imperial policy.
Once Again on Boris Godunov’s Birthday. Heinrich von Logau’s Account
Authors: Litvina Anna Feliksovna , Uspenskij Fyodor Borisovich
Published: March 2022

European diplomatic sources from the early 17th century provide us with previously unaccounted for data on Russian history. Thanks to a report by Georg Tectander, a member of Emperor Rudolph II’s mission to Russia, we can now establish the exact date of birth for Boris Godunov. An unpublished manuscript by Tectander’s contemporary and compatriot, Baron Heinrich von Logau, who visited the Tsardom of Russia at the same time, allows us to verify this date as well as to broaden our perspective on everyday life and ceremonial of the royal court, on the Tsar’s personal piety and on the status of the ancient tradition of celebrating birthdays and name days. Moreover, analyzing various calendars used by the diplomats of that era allows us to ascertain that one’s preference for the Gregorian or Julian calendar was not defined by national strategies only but remained a matter of personal choice that was subject to change during one’s life.
A nyelvújítás méltatlanul elfeledett tudós nyelvésze, gróf Teleki József
Authors: Péntek János
Published: March 2022

A több szállal Erdélyhez kötődő Telekinek nyelvészként kivételes szerepe volt a magyar nyelvújítás történetében, előkészítője és első elnöke volt az 1825-ben megalakult Magyar Tudományos Akadémiának, 1842–1848 között pedig kormányzója volt Erdélynek. Két fiatalkori, 27-28 éves korában írt munkája közül az első, A magyar nyelv tökéletesítése új szavak és szólásmódok által, kellő alapossággal és egyedülálló elméleti szinten értékeli, és bizonyos értelemben lezárja a nyelvújítás körüli vitákat, a másik pedig, az Egy tökéletes magyar szótár elrendeltetése, készítése módja, azt írja le, milyennek kell lennie a további nyelvalakítás legfőbb eszközének, a magyar nyelv szótárának. Ehhez kapcsolódik Teleki életpályájának az a fő, „cselekvő” vonulata is, amelynek gyakorlati megvalósításában szintén kulcsszerepe volt: ez a Tudományos Akadémia, amelynek előkészítését „családi örökségként” édesapjától, Teleki Lászlótól vette át, majd elnökként a működését is irányította élete végéig. Erdély kormányzójaként pedig az ő nevéhez fűződik a jobbágytörvény, azaz a jobbágyok felszabadításának kihirdetése 1848. jún. 18-án Kolozsváron. Erdélyben kétségtelenül ez volt 1848 legfontosabb, magyarokat, románokat egyaránt érintő közös vívmánya, amelyről szintén alig esik szó az évfordulós megemlékezéseken.
أثر استراتيجية التعلم التعاونيّ في تحصيل مادة القواعد لدى طلبة قسم اللغة الكردية
Authors: خليل م.د. صباح جليل
Published: March 2022

يرمي هذا البحث تعرف أثر استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني في تحصيل مادة قواعد اللغة الكردية لدى طلبة قسم اللغة الكردية، لتحقيق هدف البحث اختار الباحث قصديّاً طلبة المرحلة الرابعة في قسم اللغة الكردية بكلية التربية ابن رشد/ جامعة بغداد, ليكونوا ميداناً لتطبيق تجربته، وقد بلغ عدد افراد العينة (62) طالبا وطالبة موزعين على شعبتين دراسيتين مثلت إحدى الشعبتين المجموعة التجريبية التي درست على وفق استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني بواقع (31) طالباً وطالبة، ومثلت الشعبة الأُخرى المجموعة الضابطة, التي درست على وفق طريقة التقليدية بواقع (31) طالباً وطالبة، إذ كافأ الباحث بين مجموعتي البحث في متغير الذكاء, والدرجات النهائية في مادة القواعد للمرحلة الثالثة, واستغرقت التجربة تسعة أسابيع، أعدَّ الباحث اختباراً تحصيلياً مكوناً من(20) فقرة من نوع الاختيار من المتعدد وقد اتسم بالصدق واستخرج ثباته بوساطة معامل (Kuder –Richardson-20)  إذ بلغ ( 76,0) وعند تحليل النتائج إحصائياً باستعمال الاختبار التائي( T- Test) لعينتين مستقلتين تبين أنَّ هناك فروقاً ذوات دلالة إحصائية لصالح المجموعة التجريبية التي درست على وفق استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني على المجموعة الضابطة التي درست على وفق الطريقة التقليدية.
أثر استراتيجية الفهم في تحصيل مادة الفلسفة لدى طالبات الصف الخامس الأدبيّ وتفضيلهن المعرفيّ
Authors: السنديّ أ.م.د. ناز بدرخان
Published: March 2022

يرمي البحث تعرف أثر استراتيجية الفهم في تحصيل مادة الفلسفة لدى طالبات الصف الخامس الادبيّ وتفضيلهن المعرفي. استخدمت الباحثة التصميم التجريبيّ ذا الضبط الجزئيّ، وذا الاختبار البعديّ, اختارت الباحثة الشعبة (أ) لتمثل المجموعة التجريبية التي تدرس على وفق استراتيجية الفهم, ومثلت الشعبة (ب) المجموعة الضابطة التي تدرس بالطريقة التقليدية بلغ عدد الطالبات (66) طالبة بواقع (33) طالبة في كل شعبة. تم مكافأة مجموعتي البحث في المتغيرات: العمر الزمني للطالبات ,الذكاء, التحصيل العام الدراسي السابق اعدت الباحثة أداتي البحث هما: الاختبار التحصيليّ, واختبار التفضيل المعرفيّ, وتم التحقق من الصدق وثبات الاداتين, استخدم الاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين لمعالجة البيانات, أظهرت النتائج تفوق المجموعة التجريبية في التحصيل وانماط التفضيل المعرفيّ, وقد أوصت الباحثة باستخدام استراتيجية الفهم  في التدريس.
Investing in Cannabis: Inconsistent Government Regulation and Constraints on Capital
Authors: Ohmer Adrian
Published: March 2022

This note’s focus is on the future of investing in the growing legalized cannabis industry. In Part II, it will provide a brief history of federal and state regulation of cannabis. Part III will discuss the current role of the federal government in regulating the cannabis industry. Part IV will explore the current avenues of access to capital for the cannabis industry. Lastly, Part V will provide suggestions for the federal government and state governments to reduce investment risk that exists in the cannabis industry.
Recent Changes in U.S. and U.K. Overseas Anti-Corruption Enforcement Under the FCPA and the U.K. Bribery Law: Private Equity Compliance
Authors: Binkovitz Isaac
Published: March 2022

The following discussion provides a preliminary guide for those tasked with steering private equity firms through the shifting obstacle course of overseas anti-corruption compliance. Section I briefly reviews the centrality of overseas anti-corruption enforcement and its role in creating a more hospitable business climate in emerging markets. Section I also examines the American and British enforcement regimes in general before analyzing the most recent changes–specifically, changes as to the scope of liability and expansion of their jurisdiction. This section is designed to help determine whether investments or acquisitions fall within the purview of either enforcement regime. Section II discusses various strategies that may be implemented to prevent overseas corruption and minimize liability under the U.K. Bribery Law’s “adequate procedures” provision. Given how recently and significantly the enforcement efforts have changed, Section III identifies some areas of remaining ambiguity.
The Systematic Risk of Private Funds After the Dodd-Frank Act
Authors: Kaal Wulf
Published: March 2022

The Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC) was created under the Dodd-Frank Act with the primary mandate of guarding against systemic risk and correcting perceived regulatory weaknesses that may have contributed to the financial crisis of 2008-2009. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) collects data pertaining to private fund advisers in order to facilitate FSOC’s assessment of non-bank financial institutions’ potential systemic risks. Evidence that the SEC’s data collection encounters accuracy and consistency problems might hamper FSOC’s ability to evaluate the systemic risk of private fund advisers. The author shows that while the SEC’s data plays a crucial role in all stages of FSOC’s systemic risk assessment of private fund advisers, FSOC relies most heavily on some of the most problematic disclosure items collected by the SEC.
IS ENGLISH ACADEMIC WRITING AS SIMPLE AS USING TRANSLATION TOOL?ERROR ANALYSIS ON STUDENTS' ABSTRACT
Authors: Fitriani Naria , Sabarniati Sabarniati , Safuni Nani
Published: March 2022

Writing is not a spontaneous ability in language learning because it requires both editing and revising, and thus making this skill perceived as an easy task. Students could use a dictionary to help them use a foreign language on any occasion. Nonetheless, these activities may result in several errors in students' writing assignments. Relating to this situation, this study aims at identifying the students’ problems and their grammatical errors during the process of academic writing. In this study, mix-methods were applied in which vocational college students’ writings were documented and interview with the students was conducted. The data on students’ grammatical errors were collected, transcribed, analyzed, and interpreted. The findings show that the students’ errors laid on tense (38.0%), preposition (11.7%), article (11.4%), conjunction (11.4%), omission (8.9%), subject-verb agreement (6.3%) and adverb (2.5%). Meanwhile, based on the interview, to facilitate language competence, a translation tool such as Google translate was routinely used by most of the students (81.8%) during the writing completion. Although applying a translation tool in writing, the majority of the students (73%) thought it is a hard skill, and 18% of them believed that the writing process is the most difficult in language activities.
COMPOSITION OF A DRINKING WATER PUMP GROUP PREPARED FOR IOT TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   ", SMEU George-Alexandru ,   University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", GHIȚĂ Constantin ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", CHIRILĂ Aurel Ionuț ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", DEACONU Dragoș Ioan ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", NĂVRĂPESCU Valentin ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering"
Published: March 2022

Technological developments in the field of sensors, transducers and data transmission lead to the development of industrial automation. In the field of drinking water distribution networks, this evolution brings a significant value contribution, in the form of savings at the time of implementation, as well as savings in operation. The paper seeks to highlight a method of sizing a pump set prepared for IoT (Internet of Things) technology. In essence, this form of pump group eliminates the need to implement industrial automation for group management and operation. The whole working logic is based on artificial intelligence and the statistics of the data accumulated by the network interconnected by intelligent sensors.
APPLICATION OF IOT TECHNOLOGY IN THE WATER INDUSTRY
Authors:   ", SMEU George Alexandru ,   University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", GHIȚĂ Constantin ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", CHIRILĂ Aurel Ionuț ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", DEACONU Dragoș Ioan ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", NĂVRĂPESCU Valentin ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering"
Published: March 2022

Technological developments in the field of sensors, transducers and data transmission lead to the development of industrial automation. In the field of drinking water distribution networks, this evolution brings a significant value contribution, in the form of saving and solving the problem of water loss. IoT (Internet of Things) technology allows the development of underground monitoring networks, which allow real-time visualization of data collected from the drinking water distribution network. This paper presents examples of possible applications due to the implementation of IoT technology in the water industry.
DIGITAL OPTIMIZATION OF THE INDUCTION OF A VARIABLE RELUCANCE SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
Authors:   ", MELCESCU Leonard ,   University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", ONCESCU Ștefan ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering", MATEESCU Mihai ,   "University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest Faculty of Electrical Engineering"
Published: March 2022

"The elaboration of norms for classifying electric motors in energy efficiency classes has stimulated research on identifying solutions to reduce losses in electric cars in terms of maintaining overall dimensions and functional performance. Variable reluctance synchronous motors are a practical solution for the super premium, IE4, and ultra premium, IE5 energy efficiency classes, in a number of applications of electric drive systems for drinking water supply, wastewater disposal, ventilation and installations in the food industry. The paper presents a study of numerical models regarding the correlation of the number of stator notches with the number of rotor field barriers of a variable reluctance synchronous motor to reduce electromagnetic torque oscillations."
MHD natural convection in nanofluid filled square cavity with isothermally heated hexagonal block
Authors:   Department of Natural Science, The International University of Scholars, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh, Akhter R. , Ali M. M.
Published: March 2022

This article explores the influence of natural convection heat transfer in a square enclosure with hexagonal block filled by Al2O3-H2O nanofluid in presence of external magnetic field. The two vertical walls of the enclosure are kept at constant cold temperature, Tc, and the top horizontal wall is insulated whereas the remaining walls of the enclosure are maintained high temperature, Th. The governing equations are formulated using Boussinesq approximations and solved numerically employing built-in-finite element method and then presented graphically in terms of streamlines, isotherms, average Nusselt number and average temperature. It is found that the different values of physical parameters: Rayleigh number (Ra = 103 -106), nanoparticle volume fraction (ϕ = 1% -5%) and Hartman number (Ha = 0-100) affects the streamlines, isotherm contours and heat transfer rate. Comparison of the present results with previously published results on the basis of special cases has been performed and found to be a good agreement.
CITY IN SPACE AND TIME: TWO CHRONOTOPES OF THE ONE CITY
Authors:   Samara State Medical University, Burlina E.Ya.
Published: March 2022

The topic of Russian cities in culture is a relatively new interdisciplinary area. The subject of this article are two outstanding studies dedicated to the city and which have become an event in modern humanities. Both studies are carried out in an interdisciplinary, cultural-philosophical and socio-artistic manner. Monumental work of M.S. Kagan is devoted, first of all, to the aesthetics of St. Petersburg and the formation of the Russian intelligentsia. In the three-volume L.G. The city of Kovnack appears different than Petersburg in the book by M.S. Kagan. Another time and heroes give rise to a different image of the city and chronotopes. The purpose of the comparison of these scientific publications undertaken in this article was the concept of "development of the city", which captured various branches of the humanities at the end of the 20th - 20th centuries. The polyphony of urban spaces and its influence on researchers is extremely relevant. It generates interdisciplinary discourses and is not divided into the usual disciplinary approaches. The author comes to the conclusion that the urban images of the 1930s. could not help but influence the military Shostokovichiana. Outside of Leningrad, he would hardly have built his great Seventh Symphony, first performed in Kuibyshev on March 5, 1942, in this way.
Precise Fluid-Solid Simulation of Human Left Ventricle along with Aortic Valve during Systole
Authors: Monfared Mohammadali , Alishahi Mohammad Mehdi , Alishahi Marzieh
Published: March 2022

This paper presents an accurate blood flow model with tissue deformation of the human left ventricle, including the aortic valve. A two-way fluid-solid Interaction (FSI) algorithm is employed to simulate the performance of the human left ventricle during systole. The initial geometry of the left ventricle is extracted from CT scan images of a healthy person. The simulation results produced the systolic anterior motion of the Left Ventricle (LV) identical with the CT scan images at later times during systole. Besides, the numerical results for left ventricular volume change, maximum blood velocity at the aortic valve, and its maximum opening are in good agreement with physiological data. Although no clear image of the aortic valve is apparent in CT images, the FSI simulation predicted the maximum opening of the aortic valve to be 4.38 cm2 which is consistent with physiological observation on a healthy individual. As an application of the above algorithm, a model of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) or septal wall thickening disease is constructed and studied during systole. This simulation provides an understanding of heart performance under HCM conditions. According to the simulation outcomes, the mitral valve approaches the septal wall under HCM due to the change in pressure gradient and the drag force on the mitral valve. This blockage of the LV blood passage by the mitral valve results in stagnation pressure loss and weaker hearth pumping power. Therefore, the maximum opening of the aortic valve, in this case, is 2.28 cm2, which is much lower than the physiological range, indicating the drastic effect of HCM on the performance of the aortic valve and systolic performance.
Iridium-catalyzed hydroacylation reactions of C1-substituted oxabenzonorbornadienes with salicylaldehyde: an experimental and computational study
Authors: Ho Angel , Pounder Austin , Valluru Krish , Chen Leanne D , Tam William
Published: March 2022

An experimental and theoretical investigation on the iridium-catalyzed hydroacylation of C1-substituted oxabenzonorbornadienes with salicylaldehyde is reported. Utilizing commercially available [Ir(COD)Cl]2 in the presence of 5 M KOH in dioxane at 65 °C, provided a variety of hydroacylated bicyclic adducts in up to a 95% yield with complete stereo- and regioselectivity. The mechanism and origins of selectivity in the iridium-catalyzed hydroacylation reaction has been examined at the M06/Def2TZVP level of theory. The catalytic cycle consists of three key steps including oxidative addition into the aldehyde C–H bond, insertion of the olefin into the iridium hydride, and C–C bond-forming reductive elimination. Computational results indicate the origin of regioselectivity is involved in the reductive elimination step.
Recent developments and trends in the iron- and cobalt-catalyzed Sonogashira reactions
Authors: Amrutha Surendran , Radhika Sankaran , Anilkumar Gopinathan
Published: March 2022

Iron- and cobalt-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reactions are becoming central areas of research in organic synthesis. Owing to their significant importance in the formation of carbon–carbon bonds, numerous green and nanoparticle protocols have emerged during the past decades. The non-toxic and inexpensive nature of catalysts gained much attention in recent times. In this context, their catalytic nature and activity in Sonogashira coupling reactions were well explored and compared. Most importantly, one of the highlights of this review is the emphasis given to green strategies. This is the first review on iron- and cobalt-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reactions which comprehends literature up to 2020.
COVİD-19 SALGINI SÜRECİNDE ÖZEL GEREKSİNİMLİ ÇOCUĞU OLAN ANNELERİN YAŞADIKLARI GÜÇLÜKLERİN VE DUYGU DURUMLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KOÇBEKER Beyhan Nazlı , SEÇİL KARAMUKLU Emine
Published: March 2022

Tüm dünya ile birlikte ülkemizde de görülmeye başlayan Covid-19 salgını sürecinde korunmaya en çok ihtiyaç duyan kesim şüphesiz ki özel gereksinimli çocuklardır. Özel gereksinimli çocuklarının bakım ve gelişiminden sorumlu olan annelere ise bu süreç boyunca oldukça büyük bir sorumluluk düşmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu araştırma özel gereksinimli çocuğu olan annelerin Covid-19 salgını sürecinde yaşadıkları güçlükler ve duygu durumlarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırma 2019-2020 eğitim- öğretim yılında Sivas iline bağlı bir özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezine devam eden özel gereksinimli çocukları olan 30 anne ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum incelemesi modelinde yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmada veriler araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen ‘Yarı Yapılandırılmış Görüşme Formu’ ile elde edilmiştir. Geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu uzman görüşü alınarak tekrar yapılandırılmış ardından pilot uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma için toplanan veriler ‘İçerik Analizi Tekniği’ ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre; Covid-19 salgını nedeniyle özel gereksinimli çocuğu olan annelerin genelinin duygu durumlarında çeşitli değişiklikler olduğu ayrıca çocuklarının eğitimlerinin aksamasından dolayı kaygı taşıdıkları sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
Social cognition in children and adolescents with epilepsy: a meta-analysis
Authors:   Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Sun Yang , Zhao Jing , Zhao PanWen , Zhang Hui , Zhong JianGuo , Pan PingLei , Wang GenDi , Yi ZhongQuan , Xie LILI
Published: March 2022

Review question / Objective: To our knowledge, no meta-analysis has summarized social cognitive performance in children and adolescents with epilepsy as independent groups. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to examine differences between children and adolescents with epilepsy and HCs in terms of ToM and FER performance. Condition being studied: Epilepsy is characterized by chronic, unprovoked and recurrent seizures, is the most frequent neurological disease in childhood and usually occurs in early development. Worldwide, it is estimated that approximately 50 million people suffer from the pain of epileptic seizures, with more than half of the cases beginning in childhood and adolescence. So a comprehensive understanding of children and adolescence with epilepsy has become the focus of widespread attention. Recently, a number of studies have assessed ToM or facial emotion recognition deficits in children and adolescents with epilepsy, but the conclusions are inconsistent. These inconsistent findings might be related to the small sample sizes in most studies. Additionally, the methods used to evaluate ToM or facial emotion recognition performance were varied across studies. A meta-analysis can increase statistical power, estimate the severity of these deficits, and help resolve conflicting findings.
Effect of statin therapy on moderate-to-severe depression: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, LI Peng , Liu Junjun
Published: March 2022

Review question / Objective: We aim to assess the antidepressant effects of statin therapy among patients complicated with moderate to severe depression. Condition being studied: Depression is one of the major causes of disability worldwide, and major depressive disorders (MDD) contribute to a significant heavy disease burden, which is expected to be second by 2050, only to heart disease. Despite great improvement in therapy, the treatment efficacy remains low. Therefore, alternative therapies have been intensely investigated. A substantial body of researches have suggested that inflammation is one of the operative pathways between MDD and increased risk of somatic comorbidities, and some specific depressive symptoms. Depression occurs in most patients with cardiac and cerebrovascular disease due to the long-term effects, and depression increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in the population as a whole and in patients with coronary artery disease or stroke. Several observational studies have demonstrated reduced rates of depression among patients taking statins, which may be related to its anti-inflammatory effect. However, whether statin improves the depressive symptoms and its associated mechanism is still mixed. Furthermore, there is little evidence about statin treatment effect in those with moderate to severe depression. In addition, whether the effect of statin treatment on depressive symptom changes with time or is affected by baseline depression severity or percentage change of lipid levels has not been explored in previous studies.
Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome & Breast Cancer – short review
Authors: Islam Nadia
Published: March 2022

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women and the second largest cause of mortality in the entire population worldwide. This review investigated how breast cancer is patho-physiologically associated with obesity which is defined by body mass index ≥30 kg/  and metabolic syndrome which leads to type 2 diabetes in pre and postmenopausal women. It also addressed the controversy relating the definition of BMI. The biological markers in breast cancer currently in use are ER, PR, HER2, uPA, and PAI-1. This study looked into future of predictive and prognostic biomarkers, such as exosome by altering interaction of distant cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment and the breast cancer progress.
Knowledge and Hygiene Practice of mothers of under- five children regarding Diarrhoea: A study in Bargarh District, Odisha.
Authors:   P.G. Department of Home Science, Sambalpur University, Odisha, India-768019, Lenka Dr. Chandrashree , Kumari Tripti ,   P.G. Department of Home Science, Sambalpur University, Odisha, India-768019, Pradhan Trupti ,   P.G. Department of Home Science, Sambalpur University, Odisha, India-768019
Published: March 2022

Diarrhoea continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children. Knowledge of mothers regarding signs and symptoms, mode of spread, and healthy practices like exclusive breast feeding up to 6 months, immunization, ORS, good sanitary conditions are essential to prevent morbidity and mortality related to diarrhoea. The present study was conducted with an objective of assessing knowledge and practice of mothers of under-five children regarding management of diarrhoea. A cross-sectional hospital based study was carried out in Bargarh district of Odisha. 120 mothers and their children were selected randomly from the diarrhoea ward of Govt. Hospital of Bargarh district of Odisha for the present study. Result of the study revealed that majority of the mothers were in the age group of 21-30 years and 36.67% mothers had high school level of education. Most of the mothers belonged to lower middle socio-economic class. More than half of participants lacked adequate knowledge regarding danger signs of diarrhoea, and preparation of ORS. Significant association was found between overall knowledge of mothers in managing diarrhoea with their level of education and socio-economic class. It was observed that most of the mothers practiced good personal hygiene during diarrhoea of the children. Self prepared food was used by 90.83% of mothers during diarrhoea where as only 52.5% of mothers prepare special food for their children. A strong significant association was found between socio-economic class, education level of mothers with hygiene practice during diarrhoea (P=0.042) in this study. So health education and behaviour change communication should be prioritized to mitigate problems related to diarrhoea
Samuel Beckett’in Godot’yu Beklerken İsimli Eserinde Varoluş-Zaman İlişkisi
Authors: Dirican Rabia
Published: March 2022

Samuel Beckett’in ‘absürt tiyatro’ olarak sınıflandırılan eseri Godot’yu Beklerken, Godot gibi bir belirsizliği ve Beklemek gibi gelecek zamana ait, ancak şimdide gerçekleştirilen bir eylemi adında gizlemektedir. Bu iki gizin yan yana gelmesiyle oluşan başlık, oyunun varoluş ile zaman arasındaki görünmez bağın peşine düşeceğini işaret eder. Nitekim oyunda zamanın bazen bir yanılgı olduğu hissi uyandırılmış, bazen de ufak değişimlerle ağır aksak da olsa ilerlediği hissettirilmiştir.
II. Dünya Savaşı’nın yol açtığı kitlesel bezginlik amaçtan, anlamdan, coğrafyadan, geçmişten ve dahi gelecekten münezzeh bir bekleyişi sahneye getirmiştir. Yaşanan küresel kırgınlık, bir yandan yaşama sevincini törpülemiş, bir yandan da her şeyin sil baştan sorgulanması ihtiyacı uyandırarak yeni bir hikâyenin habercisi olmuştur. Godot’yu Beklerken, tarihin böyle bir kesitinde, çıplak hakikatle yüzleşmenin getirdiği yıkımın içerisinden çıkmış bir eserdir. Samuel Beckett, bu eserinde ortalama üççeyrek asırla ifade edilen insan ömrünü iki perdelik bir oyunla anlatmaktadır. Dünün, bugünün ve yarının birbirinden farklı olmadığı gerçeği ısrarla düşündürülen oyunda ‘ömür’ olarak ifade edilen sürenin adeta bir yanılsama olduğu hissi uyandırılır. İnsan ömründe acımasız bir şekilde işlediği zannedilen zaman, bu oyunda kendini kaybetmiş durumda, avare ve bitap bir tasvirle zihinlerde belirir. Hareketin iki bileşeni zaman ve mekân, insan zihniyle artık tanınmayacak derecede anlam kaybına uğratılmıştır. Yapılan tek hareket ‘beklemek’; zaman yalnızca ‘şimdi’, mekân ise daima bir ağacın altıdır. Diyaloglar saçma gibi görünmekle beraber zaman, mekân ve hareketin sabitliği bakımından oyun kendi içinde tutarlıdır. Saçma, belki de zamana tabi olmamanın verdiği bir saçmalıktır. Karakterler -mümkün görünmese de- zamandan çıkararak onu dışarıdan seyredecek bir konum almışlardır.
Exploring Un/homely Lives in Mohsin Hamid’s novel The Reluctant Fundamentalist
Authors: Akçeşme Banu
Published: March 2022

This paper aims to explore Homi Bhabha’s concept of unhomeliness in Mohsin Hamid’s novel The Reluctant Fundamentalist (2007). An influential postcolonial theorist, Bhabha offered new perspectives on the identities of and the relation between the colonizer and the colonized and he contributed to postcolonial theories, and studies by introducing key concepts including ambivalence, mimicry, hybridity, liminality, and unhomely. This paper intends to employ Bhabha’s concept of unhomeliness to provide insight into Changez’s and Erica’s sense of identity and belonging, emotional and mental reactions and attitudes which are mostly influenced by their relation with space which generates the feeling of unhomeliness. Bhabha’s notion of unhomely has been derived from Freud’s notion of uncanny which has been translated from the German word unheimliche. Bhabha’s concept of unhomely is closely related to his concept of hybridity. According to Bhabha, there is no culture (and thus no identity) which remains pure, untouched, unaltered and uncontaminated by the foreign influence of the other cultures. This inevitable process of cultural hybridity creates the conditions of unhomeliness since no culture, nation or territory can function as a home since home is uncannily familiar and strange at the same time for individuals. Unhomeliness creates complex situations and poses challenges for Changez and Erica who feel unhomely at home or feel at home in a strange and unfamiliar context when they recognize the existence of the other in the self but fail to figure out how to handle this complexity. This paper sets out to explore Changez’s and Erica’s disturbed relations to home as they oscillate between homeliness and unhomeliness due to the return of the repressed when Pakistani and American cultures came into close contact before and after the blowback of the 9/11 terrorist attacks which destabilized the fixed boundaries.
In Deleuze and Guattari: What is the Minor Writing? from the Perspective of Difference and the Minor Literature
Authors: Kılıç Sinan
Published: March 2022

In this article, what the minor writing is will be explained from the perspective of philosophy of difference, and Kafka: Toward a Minor Literature, which is written by Deleuze and Guattari. For Deleuze, the problem of writing is the matter of language which can be called as the minor, and the major language. In this perspective, it can be said that there are two kinds of writing: the minor writing and the major writing. Whereas the minor writing is related to creative thinking, writing and philosophy, the major writing is related to memory, representation and Freudian psychoanalysis. But, Deleuze and Guattari say that the aim of writing is not to represent some personal events, memories, desires, but to create the new concepts that do not represent some personal events, or psychological problems. So, while the aim of the minor writing is to change the rules of grammar of the major language, the aim of the major writing is to represent things, events that have occurred before. As a result, in this article “what the minor writing is,” “what three parts of the minor writing are,” “who is a minor writer?” will be discussed. Shortly, it should be said that the minor writing is a kind of philosophical writing and reading.
Wolfgang Borchert’in Seçili Öykülerinde Empati Olgusunun Anima ve Animus Arketipleri ile Habitus Kavramı Bağlamında Çözümlemesi
Authors: Erkurt Gökhan Şefik , Aşık Betül
Published: March 2022

İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nı sivil, asker ve mahkûm olarak yaşayıp, savaşın getirdiği tüm olumsuz etkenlere tanıklık eden Wolfgang Borchert; eserlerinde, savaşın yıkıcılığının getirdiği geri alınamaz kayıpları gözler önüne sermektedir. Kayıpların ağır olduğu savaş döneminin kadın ve erkeğinde üstlenilen sorumluluk ve rollerin büyük önem taşıdığı görülmektedir. Aynı durum ve şartların etkisinde kalan her iki cinsin birbirlerine karşı oluşturdukları empati duygusu, yaşadıkları sürecin gelişimini etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmada, Mutfak Saati ve Ekmek adlı öykülerde yer alan kadın ve erkek karakterlerin gösterdikleri empati temelli davranışlar Analitik Psikolojinin kurucusu Carl Gustav Jung’un Anima ve Animus kavramları ile sosyolog, antropolog ve felsefeci Pierre Bourdieu’nun Habitus kavramı aracılığıyla açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Amaç; öykülerdeki karakterlerin gerçekleştirdikleri eylemlerin altında yatan en önemli nedenlerden birinin de topluma ve zamana bağlı şekillenen sosyal roller olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Bu bağlamda çalışmayı açıklığa kavuştururken; Jung’un psikanalitik yönteminden ve Bourdieu sosyolojisinden yararlanılmış olup çalışmanın yöntemi bu nedenle, karşılaştırmalı bir anlayış temelinde, toplumsal ve psikanalitik inceleme yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı eklektik bir yöntemdir. Çalışma sonucunda sosyal rollerin oluşumunda cinsiyet faktörünün elzem bir nitelik taşıdığı görülmekle birlikte, karşı cinse yönelik geliştirilen empati duygusunun gelişiminde erkek için; anima, kadın için; animus’un etkili olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
Comparative Literature and Intercultural Communication: an Imagological Analysis of Iris Alanyali's Work Gebrauchsanweisung Für die Türkei
Authors: Keleş Alper
Published: March 2022

Multicultural societies are one of the research objects that social sciences researchs are particularly focused on. In these societies, cultural, sociological phenomena and problematics are analyzed by many different sciences by various methods and some conclusions are reached. As an important representative of these disciplines comparative literature creates a research area on these societies with the contributions of both imagology and intercultural literary theories. In fact according to various definitions, comparative literature which plays a major role in the providing of intercultural communication examines the relationship of the individual with the "other" in social and psychological dimensions, especially with its one of the research methods imagology oriented studies and focuses on differences and phenomena which are described as foreign through images. In this study, primarily a general definition of comparative literature is given in a theoretical context, and then imagology discussions and the concept and theories of intercultural literature are mentioned in a descriptive way. In application part of this study, the work of Iris Alanyalı who is considered one of the representatives of intercultural literature in Germany, named Gebrauchsanweisung für die Türkei is examined. The most important reason for this work to be chosen is to determine how effective the bicultural identity which is carried by the author in the work written for the German readership about Turkey and Turkish culture. For this research, various concepts of intercultural literary theories and imagology are used. Thus, with its imagological analysis, in the name of intercultural communication what kind of contribution it has is exhibited.
Doris Lessing’in Altın Defter’i ile Leyla Erbil’in Tuhaf Bir Kadın Adlı Eserlerinde ‘İdeoloji ve Kadın’
Authors: Sivri Medine , Demir Berrin
Published: March 2022

Kadın-erkek ilişkileri ve toplumsal cinsiyet açısından Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve Avrupa merkezde olmak üzere, dünyanın dört bir yanında kadın yaşantılarının ve deneyimlerinin yansıtıldığı ve feminizmin ayak seslerinin yavaş yavaş duyulmaya başladığı XIX. yüzyılın sonları, hem siyasi, hem kültürel, hem de edebiyat tarihi açısından oldukça önemlidir. Kültürel, siyasi, ekonomik ve edebi düşün dünyasında yaşanan bu devrim niteliğindeki akım, özellikle kadın yazarların kaleme aldıkları eserlerde işledikleri konularla derinleşmiş ve geniş kitlelere ulaşmıştır. Toplumsal cinsiyet, kadının toplumdaki yeri, kadın hakları, kadın bedeni, edebiyatta ve sanatta kadının algılanışı ve işlenişi, toplumdaki ataerkil yapı gibi konuları odak noktasına alan eserler, kadınların kendilerini, hayatı, yaşam koşullarını sorgulamalarına sebep olmuştur. Ayrıca feminist yazarların bu tutumu, akımın geniş kitlelere ulaşmasına olanak sağlamıştır.

Çalışmanın amacı Doris Lessing’in Altın Defter’i ile Leyla Erbil’in Tuhaf Bir Kadın adlı eserlerinde işlenen ‘ideoloji ve kadın’ı feminist eleştiri yöntemi ile karşılaştırmaktır. Aynı dönemde fakat farklı coğrafyalarda yaşayan kadın yazarların siyasi görüşlerinin etkisini eserlerdeki kadın karakterlerin düşünce dünyasında görmek mümkündür. Özellikle her iki eserdeki ana kadın karakterler üzerine odaklanılmış bu inceleme sonunda farklılıklardan çok benzerlikler tespit edilmiştir. Ana kadın karakterlerin dâhil oldukları siyasi yapıların sorgulanması, eşlerle yaşanan fikir ayrılıkları gibi konuların söz konusu eserlerde ortak işlendiği görülürken, karakterlerin yaşadıkları farkındalık sonundaki hayata bakış açılarında bir farklılık bulunmaktadır. Erbil’in ana kadın karakterinin yaşama daha umutla baktığı ancak Lessing’inkinin ise mevcut durumu kabullendiği ve daha realist bir bakış açısıyla yaşamının geri kalanını sürdürdüğü tespit edilmiştir.