bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ammonia in C-rich stars
Authors: Etmański Bartosz , Schmidt Mirosław R. , Yung Bosco H. K. , Szczerba Ryszard
Published: January 2020

HIFI instrument onboard the Herschel satellite provided an unprecedented number of detections of rotational transitions of ammonia in circumstellar envelopes of evolved stars including massive red supergiants, Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB), and post-AGB stars. The chemistry of ammonia formation in the circumstellar envelopes of evolved stars is poorly understood. The mechanisms proposed for its formation are processes behind the shock front, photochemistry in the inner part of the clumpy envelope, and formation on dust grains. We present results of the non-local thermodynamical equilibrium (non-LTE) radiative transfer modeling of ammonia transitions, mainly of the ground-state rotational one NH3 JK = 10 – 00 at 572.5 GHz, in selected AGB stars, aiming at the quantitative estimation of the NH3 abundance. The model of ammonia includes IR radiative pumping via v2 = 1 vibrational band at 10 μm.
Variability in Post-AGB Stars: Pulsation in Proto-Planetary Nebulae
Authors: Hrivnak Bruce , Henson Gary , Van de Steene Griet , Van Winckel Hans , Hillwig Todd , Bremer Matthew
Published: January 2020

We have been intensely monitoring photometric variability in proto-planetary nebulae (PPNe) over the past 25 years and radial velocity variability over the past ten years. Pulsational variability has been obvious, in both the light and velocity, although the resulting curves are complex, with multiple periods and varying amplitudes. Observed periods range from 25 to 160 days, and the periods and amplitudes reveal evolutionary trends. We will present our observational results to date for approximately 30 PPNe, and discuss these results, including the search for period changes that might help constrain post-AGB evolutionary timescales.
Stacking analysis of HERITAGE data to statistically study far-IR dust emission from evolved stars
Authors: Dharmawardena Thavisha E. , Kemper Francisca , Srinivasan Sundar , Hony Sacha , Jones Olivia , Scicluna Peter
Published: January 2020

We aim to analyse the co-added Herschel images of various categories of evolved stars in the LMC and SMC from the Herschel HERITAGE survey in order to identify, in a statistical sense, a cool historic dust mass component emitted by these sources. The fluxes derived from the co-added stacks can then be compared with those predicted by the GRAMS model grid in order to refine the DPRs estimated for the SMC and LMC.
High angular resolution observations of AGB stars
Authors: Lagadec Eric
Published: January 2020

Mass loss of AGB stars is a key process for the late stages of evolution of low and intermediate mass stars and the chemical enrichment of galaxies. It is not fully understood yet, as it is the result of a complex combination of pulsation, convection, chemistry, shocks and dust formation.

In this review I present what high angular resolution observations can teach us about this mass-loss process. Instruments such as SPHERE/VLT, Gravity and AMBER at the VLTI, and ALMA give us the possibility to map AGB stars from the optical to millimetre wavelengths with resolutions down to 1 milliarcsec. Moving from the surface of the star outwards, I present how high angular resolution observations can now produce images of the surface of the closest AGB stars and study convective motion at their surfaces, map their extended molecular atmospheres and the seeds for dust. The dust formation zone can also be mapped and its dust content characterized with mid-infrared interferometry, while ALMA can map the gas and its kinematics. I will conclude by showing how high angular resolution can help us study the impact of a companion on mass loss.
The star formation history of the M31 galaxy derived from Long-Period-Variable star counts
Authors: Torki Maryam , Javadi Atefeh , van Loon Jacco Th. , Safari Hossein
Published: January 2020

The determination of the star formation history is a key goal for understanding galaxies. In this regard, nearby galaxies in the Local Group offer us a complete suite of galactic environment that is perfect for studying the connection between stellar populations and galaxy evolution. In this paper, we present the star formation history of M31 using long period variable stars that are prime targets for studying the galaxy formation and evolution because of their evolutionary phase. In this method, at first, we convert the near-infrared K-band magnitude of evolved stars to mass and age and from this we reconstruct the star formation and evolution of the galaxy.
Constraining convection across the AGB with high-angular-resolution observations
Authors: Paladini Claudia , Baron Fabien , Jorissen A. , Le Bouquin J.-B. , Freytag B. , Van Eck S. , Wittkowski M. , Hron J. , Chiavassa A. , Berger J.-P. , Siopis C. , Mayer A. , Sadowski G. , Kravchenko K. , Shetye S. , Kerschbaum F. , Kluska J. , Ramstedt S.
Published: January 2020

We present very detailed images of the photosphere of an AGB star obtained with the PIONIER instrument, installed at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). The images show a well defined stellar disc populated by a few convective patterns. Thanks to the high precision of the observations we are able to derive the contrast and granulation horizontal scale of the convective pattern for the first time in a direct way. Such quantities are then compared with scaling relations between granule size, effective temperature, and surface gravity that are predicted by simulations of stellar surface convection.
Chemistry and binarity in the early Universe: what is the role of metal-poor AGB stars?
Authors: Arentsen Anke , Starkenburg Else , Shetrone Matthew D. , McConnachie Alan W. , Venn Kim A. , Depagne Éric
Published: January 2020

Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars are probes of the early universe, that teach us about metal-poor AGB stars and supernovae physics in the very first stars. We find a large fraction of CEMP-no stars with large absolute carbon abundance to be in binary systems. This may be an indication of binary interaction with ultra or extremely metal-poor AGB stars, curiously without enhancement in s-process elements.
Chemical enrichment of galaxies as the result of organic synthesis in evolved stars
Authors: Kwok Sun , Sadjadi SeyedAbdolreza , Zhang Yong
Published: January 2020

Infrared spectroscopic observations have shown that complex organics with mixed aromatic-aliphatic structures are synthesized in large quantities during the late stages of stellar evolution. These organics are ejected into the interstellar medium and spread across the Galaxy. Due to the sturdy structures of these organic particles, they can survive through long journeys across the Galaxy under strong UV background and shock conditions. The implications that stellar organics were embedded in the primordial solar nebula is discussed.
TIGvival: High-resolution spectroscopic monitoring of LPV stars
Authors: Wolter Uwe , Engels Dieter , Aringer Bernhard , Freytag Bernd
Published: January 2020

TIGvival is a spectroscopic monitoring program of long-period variables (LPV) using our robotic telescope TIGRE. Since 2013, we obtain low-noise, high-resolution spectra (R= 20 000) that cover the optical regime (3800 Å to 8800 Å). We are now continuously monitoring 7 LPVs with different periods and chemical properties. Our 350+ spectra evenly sample the target cycles, as far as ground-based observations allow. Analyzing the TIGvival spectra of Mira as a sample case, our measurements indicate that the strength of the TiO-absorption is phase-shifted with respect to the visual light curve.
KIC 5110739: A new Red Giant in NGC 6819
Authors: Jurua Edward , Trust Otto , Kampindi Felix
Published: January 2020

The Kepler Input Catalogue (KIC) misclassified a number of red giant stars as sub giants. This could have resulted from the large uncertainties in the KIC surface gravities. This resulted in 1523 stars which were recently classified as red giant stars. The cluster membership of the 1523 red giant stars was determined using age, distance modulus, and variation of colour magnitude with large frequency separation. We found that one star, KIC 5110739, is a member of NGC 6819.
Shear Wave Speed of Shallow Seafloor Sediments in the Northern South China Sea and Their Correlations With Physical Parameters
Authors: Kan Guangming , Cao Guolin , Wang Jingqiang , Li Guanbao , Liu Baohua , Meng Xiangmei , Meng Qingsheng
Published: January 2020

In this study, shear wave speed and related physical properties were measured for 21 seafloor sediment cores collected in the northern South China Sea. Results reveal that the shear wave speed in this study area ranges between 15.57 and 75.55 m/s and demonstrates a pattern of regional distribution. The sediment in the continental shelf area shows characteristics of high shear wave speed, high wet bulk density, low porosity, and large grain size. Contrarily, the sediment in the continental slope area exhibits characteristics of low shear wave speed, low wet bulk density, high porosity, and fine particles. Accordingly, the correlation between shear wave speed and physical properties such as porosity, wet bulk density, water content, and average grain size was studied. Prediction formulas of shear wave speed of sediments in this study area containing single and double physical parameters were established via regression analysis. The comparison between single‐parameter and double‐parameter prediction formulas indicates that the determined coefficient of the double‐parameter prediction formulas based on porosity and average grain size is higher than that of single‐parameter prediction formulas. It indicates that the double‐parameter prediction formulas based on porosity and average grain size have better prediction performance. Moreover, the prediction formulas established in this study were further compared with those of other study areas, and their differences were analyzed accordingly.
A Reliability Budget Analysis of CESM‐DART
Authors: Eliashiv Jonathan , Subramanian Aneesh C. , Miller Arthur J.
Published: December 2019

A reliability budget is used to diagnose potential sources of error (departure from observations) in a new prototype coupled ocean‐atmosphere ensemble Kalman filter reanalysis product, the Community Earth System Model using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (CESM‐DART). In areas with sufficient observations, the mean bias in zonal wind was generally very low compared to the spread due to ensemble variance, which did not exhibit patterns associated with Northern Hemisphere jet streams but did have regional enhancement over the Maritime Continent. However, the residual term was often the largest contributor to the budget, which is problematic, suggesting improper observational error statistics and inadequately represented ensemble variance statistics. The departure and residual exhibit significant seasonal variability, with a strong peak in boreal winter months, indicating the model's deficiencies during the energetic Northern Hemisphere winter. Ocean temperature contained large error in areas with eddy production indicating inadequate ensemble variance due to poor model resolution. Periods when the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) was active exhibited lower error, especially in the western equatorial Pacific during MJO phases with reduced convection. In contrast, during MJO phases with enhanced convection in that region, the ensemble variance is increased yet the error is comparable to non‐MJO conditions, suggesting a controlling effect of the precipitation parameterization. Further studies evaluating the impact of the coupled assimilation procedure on the reliability budget will be illuminating.
Self‐Aggregation of Convection in Spatially Varying Sea Surface Temperatures
Authors: Müller Sebastian K. , Hohenegger Cathy
Published: December 2019

The phenomenon of self‐aggregation of convection was first identified in convection‐permitting simulations of radiative convective equilibrium, characterized by homogeneous boundary conditions and in the absence of planetary rotation. In this study, we expose self‐aggregation of convection to more complex, nonhomogeneous boundary conditions and investigate its interaction with convective aggregation, as forced by large‐scale variations in sea surface temperatures (SSTs). We do this by conducting radiative convective equilibrium simulations on a spherical domain, with SST patterns that are zonally homogeneous but meridionally varying. Due to the meridional contrast in SST, a convergence line first forms, mimicking the Intertropical Convergence Zone. We nevertheless find that the convergence line breaks up and contracts zonally as a result of the self‐aggregation of convection. The contraction is significant, being here more than 50% of the original extent. The stability of the convergence line is controlled by the strength of the meridional circulation, which depends upon the imposed SST contrast. However, the process of self‐aggregation, once it is initiated, is insensitive to the strength of the SST contrast. The zonal contraction is accompanied by a slight meridional expansion and a moistening of the high latitudes, where SSTs are low. The moistening of the high latitudes can be understood from the fact that the convective cluster intensifies and expands its moist meridional low‐level outflow when it self‐aggregates zonally. Overall, our results suggest that the Intertropical Convergence Zone may be unstable to the self‐aggregation of convection, that self‐aggregation may serve as a precursor to the formation of atmospheric rivers, and that longer convergence lines are more likely to exist in regimes with strong SST gradients.
Neighboring Column Approximation—An Improved 3D Thermal Radiative Transfer Approximation for Non‐Rectangular Grids
Authors: Klinger Carolin , Mayer Bernhard
Published: December 2019

We present a significantly improved version of the Neighboring Column Approximation (NCA 2.0), a fast 3D approximation for the calculation of thermal heating and cooling rates in cloudy atmospheres for large eddy simulation models. The method can now be used on non‐rectangular grids, and the heating rate bias in cloudy atmospheres is substantially reduced compared to a 1D solution and the original version of the NCA (NCA 1.0). For different cloud fields the bias is in the range of
5–30% in the 1D case and
2–7% for the NCA 2.0. The calculation of 3D radiative transfer quantities requires horizontal transport of radiation which causes difficulties in the parallelization of numerical models and is computationally expensive. The NCA overcomes this problem and can calculate 3D thermal heating rates at the expense of only a factor 1.5 to 2 higher compared to a 1D radiative transfer approximation. The method uses the fluxes calculated by a 1D radiation scheme and estimates horizontal fluxes using results from neighboring columns. For the estimation of the heating rates from the before estimated fluxes pre‐calculated lookup tables of emissivities are used. For the calculation of the heating rates we neglect scattering (independent of the fact if the incoming fluxes consider scattering or not). Inconsistencies made by assumptions for the method are corrected by a correction factor.
Safety of bloodless autologous stem cell transplantation in Jehovah's Witness patients
Authors: Beck Alyssa , Lin Robert , Reza Rejali Ali , Rubens Muni , Paquette Ronald , Vescio Robert , Merin Noah , Guerrero Margarita , Federizo Yvette , Lua Michelle , Uy Leticia , Hernandez Lorraine , Allred Mohana , Legaspi Ronald , Leaverton Melissa , Oliva Sara , Castillo Rhona , Dean Lorna , Bourke Jennifer , Cooper Sara , Gharapetian Seda , Causin Jose , Lopiccolo Christopher , Ann Snoussi Laura , VanStrien Patricia , Lill Michael , Linhares Yuliya P.
Published: January 2020

Due to the curative potential and improvement in progression-free survival (PFS), high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is considered the standard of care for several hematologic malignancies, such as multiple myeloma, and lymphomas. ASCT typically involves support with blood product transfusion. Thus, difficulties arise when Jehovah’s Witness patients refuse blood transfusions. In order to demonstrate the safety of performing “bloodless” ASCT (BL-ASCT), we performed a retrospective analysis of 66 Jehovah's Witnesses patients who underwent BL-ASCT and 1114 non-Jehovah’s Witness patients who underwent transfusion-supported ASCT (TF-ASCT) at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center between January 2000 and September 2018. Survival was compared between the two groups. Transplant-related complications, mortality, engraftment time, length of hospital stay, and number of ICU transfers were characterized for the BL-ASCT group. One year survival was found to be 87.9% for both groups (P = 0.92). In the BL-ASCT group, there was one death prior to the 30 days post transplant due to CNS hemorrhage, and one death prior to 100 days due to sepsis. Based on our data, BL-ASCT can be safely performed with appropriate supportive measures, and we encourage community oncologists to promptly refer JW patients for transplant evaluation when ASCT is indicated.
Development and mixed-methods evaluation of an online animation for young people about genome sequencing
Authors: Lewis Celine , Sanderson Saskia C. , Hammond Jennifer , Hill Melissa , Searle Beverly , Hunter Amy , Patch Christine , Chitty Lyn S.
Published: January 2020

Children and young people with rare and inherited diseases will be significant beneficiaries of genome sequencing. However, most educational resources are developed for adults. To address this gap in informational resources, we have co-designed, developed and evaluated an educational resource about genome sequencing for young people. The first animation explains what a genome is, genomic variation and genome sequencing (“My Genome Sequence”: http://bit.ly/mygenomesequence), the second focuses on the limitations and uncertainties of genome sequencing (“My Genome Sequence part 2”: http://bit.ly/mygenomesequence2). In total, 554 school pupils (11–15 years) took part in the quantitative evaluation. Mean objective knowledge increased from before to after watching one or both animations (4.24 vs 7.60 respectively; t = 32.16, p < 0.001). Self-rated awareness and understanding of the words ‘genome’ and ‘genome sequencing’ increased significantly after watching the animation. Most pupils felt they understood the benefits of sequencing after watching one (75.4%) or both animations (76.6%). Only 17.3% felt they understood the limitations and uncertainties after watching the first, however this was higher among those watching both (58.5%, p < 0.001). Twelve young people, 14 parents and 3 health professionals consenting in the 100,000 Genomes Project reported that the animation was clear and engaging, eased concerns about the process and empowered young people to take an active role in decision-making. To increase accessibility, subtitles in other languages could be added, and the script could be made available in a leaflet format for those that do not have internet access. Future research could focus on formally evaluating the animations in a clinical setting.
One-step rapid synthesis of Ni6(C12H25S)12 nanoclusters for electrochemical sensing of ascorbic acid
Authors: Zhuang Zhihua , Chen Wei
Published: January 2020

Ni6(C12H25S)12 clusters and their single crystals are synthesized successfully and the Ni6 clusters show high electrochemical sensing performance for the detection of ascorbic acid.
Photo-switching and -cyclisation of hydrogen bonded liquid crystals based on resveratrol
Authors: Blanke Meik , Balszuweit Jan , Saccone Marco , Wölper Christoph , Doblas Jiménez David , Mezger Markus , Voskuhl Jens , Giese Michael
Published: January 2020

A series of hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals based on resveratrol and resveratrone is reported and investigated with respect to their photo-switchability (at 405 nm) and photo-cyclisation (at 300 nm).
Organic thin film photofaradaic pixels for on-demand electrochemistry in physiological conditions
Authors: Gryszel Maciej , Głowacki Eric Daniel
Published: January 2020

Organic photofaradaic pixels operate in physiological conditions transducing deep red irradiation into O2 reduction to H2O2, with simultaneous oxidation of glucose as an electron donor.
A refined phase diagram of the tert-butanol–water system and implications on lyophilization process optimization of pharmaceuticals
Authors: Bhatnagar Bakul S. , Sonje Jayesh , Shalaev Evgenyi , Martin Susan W. H. , Teagarden Dirk L. , Suryanarayanan Raj
Published: January 2020

In TBA–water mixtures, using DSC and XRD, the eutectic temperature (−8 °C) and composition (22.5% w/w TBA) were determined.
Synthesis of mesoporous ZnO/TiO2–SiO2 composite material and its application in photocatalytic adsorption desulfurization without the addition of an extra oxidant
Authors: Zhou Kangdi , Ding Yongcong , Zhang Linfeng , Wu Huadong , Guo Jia
Published: January 2020

ZnO/TiO2–SiO2 catalysts were synthesized for the first time and applied to the photocatalytic desulfurization of dibenzothiophene. This work provides a green and sustainable strategy to fabricate photocatalytic adsorption desulfurization materials.
A novel sandwich shaped {CoIII2CoII12MoV24} cluster with a CoII4 triangle encapsulated in two capped CoIIICoII4MoV12O40 fragments
Authors: Li Hai-Ye , Pang Hua-Yu , Yao Peng-Fei , Huang Fu-Ping , Bian He-Dong , Liang Fu-Pei
Published: January 2020

A novel discrete {Co14Mo24} nanoscaled cluster, with a triangle Co4 core encapsulated in two novel capped Co-substituted Keggin-type Co5Mo12O40 anions, was isolated from alkaline methanol solution. And the HRESI-MS of {Co14Mo24} cluster was recorded.
Total hydrogenation of bio-derived furans over supported Ru subnanoclusters preparedviaamino acid-assisted deposition
Authors: Qian Yang , Li Ze-Jun , Du Xian-Long , Zhang Qi , Zhao Yi , Liu Yong-Mei , Cao Yong
Published: January 2020

Development of efficient catalyst with reduced noble metal usage is extremely desirable for selective hydrogenations of furan-containing bio-based feedstocks, which represents an attractive and sustainable alternative to petrochemical resources.
Mechanical stress induced astaxanthin accumulation of H. pluvialis on a chip
Authors: Yao Junyi , Kim Hyun Soo , Kim Jee Young , Choi Yoon-E , Park Jaewon
Published: January 2020

A Haematococcus pluvialis culture platform capable of sorting motile vegetative stages cells and culturing the selected cells under controlled mechanical stress to screen the condition that maximizes the astaxanthin accumulation.
Fluorinated alcohol mediated N,N′-dialkylation of amino acid derivatives via cascade [1,5]-hydride transfer/cyclization for concise synthesis of tetrahydroquinazoline
Authors: Shi Hongjin , Xu Lubin , Ren Didi , Wang Liang , Guo Weisi , Li Shuai-Shuai
Published: January 2020

Structurally diverse amino acids and their ester derivatives were conveniently N,N′-dialkylated via TFE promoted cascade condensation/[1,5]-hydride transfer/cyclization for straightforward construction of tetrahydroquinazolines incorporating various amino acids.
miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p synergistically modulate RHOA signaling in the carcinogenesis of thyroid cancer
Authors: Fan Xiang-da , Luo Yan , Wang Jun , An Ning
Published: January 2020

Background: miRs family members are often thought to have extensively overlapping targets and synergistically to modulate target gene expression via post-transcriptional repression. The present study was to determine whether miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p synergistically collaborated to regulate RHOA signaling in the carcinogenesis of thyroid cancer. Materials and methods: Candidate miRs were filtrated using miR microarray assays. Gene and protein expression levels were analyzed using RT-qPCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cell growth was evaluated using CCK8 assays and nude-mouse transplanted tumor experiments. Cell apoptosis was detected using Annexin V-FITC double staining. Results: miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p were significantly decreased in 63 thyroid cancer tissues and cell lines compared with those in paired non-tumor tissues and normal thyroid follicular epithelial cells. Low expression levels of miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p significantly correlated with tumor size, TNM stage, histological grade, lymph node metastasis and shorter overall survival in patients with thyroid cancer. Furthermore, the protein expression of RHOA was significantly inversely correlated with miR-154-3p (r = −0.404; P = 0.001) and miR-487-3p (r = −0.456; P < 0.001) expression in thyroid cancer tissues. We experimentally validated that miR-154-3p and miR-487-3p synergistically blocked thyroid cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. However, the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of miR-154-3p/487-3p were neutralized by RHOA overexpressed vectors. Conclusions: Our present findings expounded a novel signal cascade employing miR-154-3p/487-3p and RHOA to fine-tune thyroid cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. We corroborated that suppression of RHOA by miR-154-3p/487-3p may be a valuable therapeutic target for impeding thyroid cancer progression.
Multi‐directional local adjacency descriptors (MDLAD) for heterogeneous face recognition
Authors: Bhattacharya Shubhobrata , Dasgupta Anirban , Routray Aurobinda
Published: December 2019

This paper presents new image descriptors for heterogeneous face recognition (HFR). The proposed descriptors combine directional and neighborhood information using a rotating spoke and concentric rings concept. We name the descriptors as multi‐directional local adjacency descriptors (MDLAD). This family of descriptor captures the directional information through successive rotations of a pair of orthogonal spokes. Likewise, they capture the adjacency information through a comparison against the central pixel of a window with concentric rings around the central pixel. The MDLAD is found to describe the face images well for recognition purposes, which when matched using the chi‐squared distance. The face recognition performance with MDLAD improves with its use as a layer in a deep neural network, which yields a robust classification for heterogeneous face recognition with respect to the state‐of‐the‐art methods. The MDLADNET deep network is easily trainable with few hyperparameters and limited data samples as compared to existing similar deep networks. We have experimented on different heterogeneous modalities viz. Extended Yale B, CASIA, CUFSF, IIITD, LFW, Multi‐PIE, and CARL, and have found proficient results.
Estimating the impact of ocean wave energy on power system reliability with a well‐being approach
Authors: Johnson Brandon , Cotilla‐Sanchez Eduardo
Published: December 2019

Ocean wave energy is a developing industry that provides many attractive qualities for utilities to meet future energy demand. Therefore, it is important to investigate and understand the impact that ocean wave energy has on power system reliability. Reliability assessment techniques have been applied to systems with variable amounts of wind penetration, but as of yet, no study has explored the impacts that ocean wave energy may have on the reliability of power grids. The authors’ approach to this problem applies a sequential Monte Carlo technique coupled with a Well‐Being analysis approach to capture the seasonal variations associated with the ocean and then calculate key loss‐of‐load indices. The authors benchmark this method on the IEEE Reliability Test System 1996 and integrate synthesised ocean wave energy farms throughout the system. Their results suggest that wave energy results in a small decrease on the reliability of the power system, however, this change does not result in additional failure states as compared to the base system. Additionally, they are able to mitigate marginal system states with a relatively small increase in system capacity.
Optimal configuration of hybrid‐energy microgrid considering the correlation and randomness of the wind power and photovoltaic power
Authors: Luo Yanhong , Yang Dongsheng , Yin Zhenxing , Zhou Bowen , Sun Qiuye
Published: December 2019

In this study, an improved method of optimal sizing method for a hybrid‐energy microgrid (HEM) is proposed, simultaneously considering the impact of correlation and randomness of the wind power and photovoltaic (PV) power on HEM's sizing. The proposed optimal sizing method is based on the following steps: firstly, in order to obtain a large amount of data for the wind power and PV power in the planned area, a combined method which includes Kendall rank correlation coefficient, non‐parametric estimation, Copula theory and Monte Carlo is proposed to generate the joint probability density function of the wind power and PV power and to generate an amount of data. Then, while guaranteeing reliable system operation of energy supply, the optimal sizing objective function with a minimum of operation cost, investment cost and pollution gas treatment cost is established based on the scenario‐based approach. Finally, a case study of HEM is presented to verify the advantages of the proposed optimal sizing method.
Selective Reduction of Carbonyl Compounds via (Asymmetric) Transfer Hydrogenation on Heterogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Baráth Eszter
Published: January 2020

Based on the ever-increasing demand for optically pure compounds, the development of efficient methods to produce such products is very important. Homogeneous asymmetric catalysis occupies a prominent position in the ranking of chemical transformations, with transition metals coordinated to chiral ligands being applied extensively for this purpose. However, heterogeneous catalysts have the ability to further extend the field of asymmetric transformations, because of their beneficial properties such as high stability, ease of separation and regeneration, and the possibility to apply them in continuous processes. The main challenge is to find potential synthetic routes that can provide a chemically and thermally stable heterogeneous catalyst having the necessary chiral information, whilst keeping the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity equally high (or even higher) than the corresponding homogeneous counterpart. Within this short review, the most relevant immobilization modes and preparative strategies depending on the support material used are summarized. From the reaction scope viewpoint, metal catalysts supported on the various solid materials studied in (asymmetric) transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds are selected and represent the main focus of the second part of this overview.

1 Introduction

2 Synthesis of Chiral Heterogeneous Catalysts

2.1 Immobilization of Homogeneous Asymmetric Catalysts

2.1.1 Immobilization on Inorganic Supports

2.1.2 Immobilization on Organic Polymers as Supports

2.1.3 Immobilization on Dendrimer-Type Materials as Supports

2.1.4 Self-Supported Chiral Catalysts: Coordination Polymers

2.1.5 Immobilization Using Non-Conventional Media

2.2 Chirally Modified Metal Surfaces for Heterogeneous Asymmetric Catalysis

3 Examples of Transfer Hydrogenation on Heterogeneous Catalysts

3.1 Silicon-Immobilized Catalysts

3.2 Carbon-Material-Immobilized Catalysts

3.3 Polymer-Immobilized Catalysts

3.4 Magnetic-Nanoparticle-Immobilized Catalysts

4 Conclusions
Influence of as-deposited non-uniform stoichiometry on thermochromic properties of LaCoO3 selective layers
Authors: Kharkhan Daria N. , Pilloud David , Bruyère Stéphanie , Migot Sylvie , Barrat Silvère , Capon Fabien
Published: January 2020

This work is dedicated to the elaboration and structural and optical characterization of a LaCoO3 selective layer for solar thermal collectors. LaCoO3 is a thermochromic material capable (similar to VO2 that is currently used for this application) of preventing overheating of the collector. Samples were prepared using two types of sputtering reactors—a rotary confocal sputtering reactor and an in-line semi-industrial reactor, allowing us to produce samples with areas of 1–2 cm2 and 21.0 × 29.7 cm2, respectively. The samples possess overall stoichiometry, with the La/Co ratio being equal to 1. However, TEM cross-sectional evaluations reveal that the structure of as-deposited films issued from the semi-industrial reactor corresponds to La/Co multilayers. Deposited at room temperature, metallic LaCo films should be annealed in air at 600 °C in order to crystallize and/or oxidize the perovskite structure. All films were characterized using, among other techniques, XRD, HRTEM, FTIR, and an IR camera. A strong correlation between the distribution of the elements (i.e., the presence or absence of the La/Co multilayers) and optical properties and a strong dependence of the latter on thickness and annealing conditions were ascertained. Nevertheless, for both types of reactors, good values of emissivity change, reaching as high as Δɛ = 64%, were obtained.
Generation of harmonic Alfvén waves and its implications to heavy ion heating in the solar corona: Hybrid simulations
Authors: Yao Jiansheng , Lu Quanming , Gao Xinliang , Zheng Jian , Chen Huayue , Li Yi , Wang Shui
Published: January 2020

Harmonic Alfvén waves in the magnetosphere have been reported by recent observation [Chen et al., Astrophys. J. 859, 120 (2018)]. In this paper, one-dimensional hybrid simulations are performed to investigate the generation of harmonic Alfvén waves. We find that when Alfvén waves propagate obliquely with respect to the ambient magnetic field, electrostatic components (or equivalently the density fluctuations) emerge, and their coupling with the electromagnetic field associated Alfvén waves leads to the harmonics of Alfvén waves. These high-frequency harmonic Alfvén waves can resonantly interact with heavy ions when the cyclotron resonant condition is satisfied and preferentially heat heavy ions in the perpendicular direction. The implications to solar coronal heating are also discussed in the paper.
Demonstration of a tunable antenna-coupled intersubband terahertz (TACIT) mixer
Authors: Yoo C. , Huang M. , Kawamura J. H. , West K. W. , Pfeiffer L. N. , Karasik B. S. , Sherwin M. S.
Published: January 2020

A fast, voltage-tunable terahertz mixer based on the intersubband transition of a high-mobility 2-dimensional electron gas has been fabricated from a single 40 nm GaAs-AlGaAs square quantum well heterostructure. The device is called a Tunable Antenna-Coupled Intersubband Terahertz mixer and shows tunability of the detection frequency from 2.52 to 3.11 THz with small (<1 V) top gate and bottom gate voltage biases. Mixing at 2.52 THz has been observed at 60 K with a −3dB intermediate frequency bandwidth exceeding 6 GHz.
Unique resistive switching phenomena exhibiting both filament-type and interface-type switching in Ti/Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3−
δ
/Pt ReRAM cells
Authors: Kanegami Naoki , Nishi Yusuke , Kimoto Tsunenobu
Published: January 2020

The current-voltage characteristics of resistive random-access memory cells with Ti/Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3−δ (PCMO)/Pt stack structures were investigated. The PCMO layer on Pt had a mixed polycrystalline and amorphous structure. The cells displayed interface-type and filament-type resistive switching (RS) depending on the PCMO layer thickness. The interface-type RS was attributed to the migration of oxygen ions, which caused a redox reaction at the Ti/PCMO interface and the formation of a TiOx layer. For filament-type RS, a forming process occurred and this indicated the formation of a conductive filament in the PCMO layer. After forming, the cells showed bipolar and continuous RS similar to interface-type RS. This indicated that both the formation of a conductive filament in the PCMO layer and the redox reaction at the Ti/PCMO interface occur in the same cell. Finally, a qualitative model for the observed RS phenomenon is discussed based on conventional interface-type RS.
Quantum control of radical pair reactions by local optimization theory
Authors: Masuzawa Kenta , Sato Masaya , Sugawara Michihiko , Maeda Kiminori
Published: January 2020

Recently, AWG (arbitrary waveform generator) based pulse electron paramagnetic resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance have been developed in a high field regime for the improvement of sensitivity and selectivity and quantum information processing. Here, we propose the application of AWG based reaction control of radical pairs in a rather low magnetic field regime. We calculated the locally optimized radio frequency (RF) field with the control theory by Sugawara [J. Chem. Phys. 118(15), 6784–6800 (2003)]. The calculation results manifest the applicability of AWG-RF fields to reaction control (reaction yield detected magnetic resonance), stimulated nuclear polarization, magnetic isotope selection, and coherent control of the spin dynamics.
Long-range dependence, multi-fractality and volume-return causality of Ether market
Authors: Han Qing , Wu Jiajing , Zheng Zibin
Published: January 2020

In spite of the increasing popularity of Ethereum, market analysis of the corresponding cryptocurrencies Ether is relatively unexplored until now. This paper is devoted to filling in the research gap of Ether market analysis, the purpose being to provide useful insights on Ether investment. In particular, we first employ the detrended fluctuation analysis and the asymmetric multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis to investigate the properties of long-range dependence, multifractality, and its asymmetry. After that, we study the causality between returns and volume of Ether to find how the activity of investors influences returns based on a nonparametric causality-in-quantiles test. Besides, by making a comparison with the Bitcoin market, we further uncover some unique properties of the Ether market.
Crystalline-like ordering of 8CB liquid crystals revealed by time-domain Brillouin scattering
Authors: Chaban Ievgeniia , Klieber Christoph , Busselez Rémi , Nelson Keith A. , Pezeril Thomas
Published: January 2020

We demonstrate that time-domain Brillouin scattering (TDBS), a technique based on an ultrafast pump-probe approach, is sensitive to phase transitions and apply it to the study of structural changes in 8CB liquid crystals at different temperatures across the isotropic, nematic, smectic, and crystalline phases. We investigate the viscoelastic properties of 8CB squeezed in a narrow gap, from the nanometer to submicrometer thickness range, and conclude on the long-range molecular structuring of the smectic phase. These TDBS results reveal that confinement effects favor structuring of the smectic phase into a crystallinelike phase that can be observed at wide distances far beyond the molecular dimensions.
Experimental investigation of turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection of water in a cylindrical cell: The Prandtl number effects for Pr > 1
Authors: Yang Ying-Hui , Zhu Xu , Wang Bo-Fu , Liu Yu-Lu , Zhou Quan
Published: January 2020

We report an experimental study of turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection in a cylindrical cell of aspect ratio unity, focusing on the effects of the Prandtl number (Pr). Purified water was used as the convecting fluid. Five different Pr between 3.58 and 9.40 were achieved by changing the mean temperature of water, and the measurements were carried out over the Rayleigh number range 2.63 × 108 ≤ Ra ≤ 3.89 × 1010. Over the present parameter range, the measured Nusselt number Nu is found to scale as Nu ∼ Raβ with β = 0.30 and to be independent of Pr. Based on the oscillation period of the measured temperature, the Reynolds number Re scales as Re ∼ Ra0.47Pr−0.72. The local temperature fluctuations at the cell center and near the cell’s sidewall were measured, and their relations with Ra and Pr were studied. Our results further reveal that the non-Oberbeck-Boussinesq effects of water have a relatively small influence on the measured scaling relation Nu ∼ Raβ.
Mixed cationic clusters of nitrogen and hydrogen
Authors: Martini P. , Hechenberger F. , Goulart M. , Zelger J. , Scheier P. , Gatchell M.
Published: January 2020

The addition of small impurities, such as a single proton charge carrier, in noble gas clusters has recently been shown to have considerable effects on their geometries and stabilities. Here, we report on a mass spectrometric study of cationic clusters of N2 molecules and the effects that adding hydrogen, in the form of D2, has on the systems. Protonated nitrogen clusters formed by the breakup of D2 are shown to have similar behaviors as protonated rare gas clusters. For larger systems consisting of different mixtures of intact N2 and D2, different molecular species are found to be interchangeable sometimes with regard to magic numbers. This is especially true for the (N2)n(D2)mD+ systems with n + m = 17, which is particularly abundant for all measured combinations of n and m.
Identification of a transcriptional regulator for oligotrophy-responsive promoter in Rhodococcus erythropolis N9T-4
Authors: Ikegaya Ryoji , Shintani Masaki , Kimbara Kazuhide , Fukuda Masao , Yoshida Nobuyuki
Published: December 2019

Two genes, aldA, and mnoA, encoding an NAD-dependent aliphatic dehydrogenase and N,N′-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline-dependent methanol dehydrogenase, respectively, are strongly expressed when Rhodococcus erythropolis N9T-4 is grown under oligotrophic conditions. In this study, we found a transcriptional regulator required for the transcription of both aldA and mnoA. The transcriptional regulator was also found to be essential for the oligotrophic growth of N9T-4.
Reticulon protects the integrity of the ER membrane during ER escape of large macromolecular protein complexes
Authors: Chen Yu-Jie , Williams Jeffrey M. , Arvan Peter , Tsai Billy
Published: January 2020

Escape of large macromolecular complexes from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), such as a viral particle or cellular aggregate, likely induces mechanical stress initiated on the luminal side of the ER membrane, which may threaten its integrity. How the ER responds to this threat remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that the cytosolic leaflet ER morphogenic protein reticulon (RTN) protects ER membrane integrity when polyomavirus SV40 escapes the ER to reach the cytosol en route to infection. SV40 coopts an intrinsic RTN function, as we also found that RTN prevents membrane damage during ER escape of a misfolded proinsulin aggregate destined for lysosomal degradation via ER-phagy. Our studies reveal that although ER membrane integrity may be threatened during ER escape of large macromolecular protein complexes, the action of RTN counters this, presumably by deploying its curvature-inducing activity to provide membrane flexibility and stability to limit mechanical stress imposed on the ER membrane.
Analytic response relativistic coupled-cluster theory: the first application to indium isotope shifts
Authors: Sahoo B K , Vernon A R , Garcia Ruiz R F , Binnersley C L , Billowes J , Bissell M L , Cocolios T E , Farooq-Smith G J , Flanagan K T , Gins W , de Groote R P , Koszorús Á , Neyens G , Lynch K M , Parnefjord-Gustafsson F , Ricketts C M , Wendt K D A , Wilkins S G , Yang X F
Published: January 2020

With increasing demand for accurate calculation of isotope shifts of atomic systems for fundamental and nuclear structure research, an analytic energy derivative approach is presented in the relativistic coupled-cluster (CC) theory framework to determine the atomic field shift and mass shift (MS) factors. This approach allows the determination of expectation values of atomic operators, overcoming fundamental problems that are present in existing atomic physics methods, i.e. it satisfies the Hellmann–Feynman theorem, does not involve any non-terminating series, and is free from choice of any perturbative parameter. As a proof of concept, the developed analytic response relativistic CC theory has been applied to determine MS and field shift factors for different atomic states of indium. High-precision isotope-shift measurements of

104
−
127

In were performed in the 246.8 nm (5p 2P3/2

→

9s 2S1/2) and 246.0 nm (5p 2P1/2

→

8s 2S1/2) transitions to test our theoretical results. An excellent agreement between the theoretical and measured values is found, which is known to be challenging in multi-electron atoms. The calculated atomic factors allowed an accurate determination of the nuclear charge radii of the ground and isomeric states of the

104
−
127

In isotopes, providing an isotone-independent comparison of the absolute charge radii.
The study of vortexes based on the multi colored particle image velocimetry technique
Authors: Usmanova S S , Skornyakova N M , Anikeev A V , Evtikhieva O A
Published: December 2019

The paper is concerned with a prospective method of qualitative and qualitative diagnostic technique – multi colored particle image velocimetry. The method proposed relies on illuminating of the studied flow by three laser planes with different wavelengths. The advantages of applying the technique in practice to investigate various flows have described. An efficiency verification of multi colored particle image velocimetry method to study vortex structures has been conducted. An experimental setup has assembled and an algorithm of the recorde images processing procedure has been developed. To assess the quality of MPIV measurements the experimental images have been compared with the computer model.
Application of computer vision and deep learning for flame monitoring and combustion anomaly detection
Authors: Abdurakipov S , Butakov E
Published: December 2019

This paper is devoted to study combustion of pulverized coal in a 5 MW thermal furnace with tangential scroll supply of coal-air suspension and cylindrical reaction chamber. Deep learning approaches were used to monitor the combustion of a coal flame in a furnace and to determine combustion anomalies from flame images. We have developed a deep neural network autoencoder, which is a combination of convolutional layers, fully-connected layers and upsampling layers. The autoencoder was trained to reconstruct the combustion regimes that corresponded to high values of the coefficient of excess air. The trained autoencoder was then used to identify abnormal burning regimes with a lower excess air ratio, in which there is an increase in the amount of unburned coal dust. The best classification model had AUC ROC quality metric value on a test image sample AUC ROC = 0.8. The average precision of the model was 77% and the average recall was 66%. The metrics obtained is limited by the quality of the image labeling due to poorly controlled experimental conditions. The paper concluded that the use of upsampling with convolutional layers show themselves better than the deconvolutional layers, and the combination of convolutional layers with fully-connected layers constitutes the optimal architecture of the model.
The experimental investigation of water spray disperse parameters behind the water injecting system at the aircraft engine inlet by applying PSV
Authors: Loginova A A , Chelebyan O G , Mineev B I , Vasilyev A Yu
Published: December 2019

To provide an aircraft engine certification tests for water ingestion, it is necessary to control accurately the parameters of the water drops generated by the water injecting device simulating rain at the engine inlet. The paper presents the results of autonomous tests of a single-channel centrifugal nozzle for the water injecting device. The tests purpose is to investigate the disperse parameters of the water spray for the typical operation modes of the nozzle as a part of the water injecting system. Tests were carried out at the experimental setup using the PSV (Particle Shadow Velocimetry) technique at three typical nozzle operation modes. As a result of the tests, the distribution graphs of the D
10, D
32 and Dv
50 diameters, axial velocity (U) and mass flow (M
abs) of water droplets over the radius of the spray pattern have been obtained. To assess Dv
50 mean median diameter of spray droplets the cumulative distribution functions of the droplets mass fraction depending on the size for each of the operation modes of the nozzle have been plotted. On the basis of these functions, the mean median diameters of water spray droplets have been calculated.