bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New tools for enhanced diagnostics of DGA data
Authors: Bidwell David , Skelly Donal
Published: July 2022

In the last decade there has been a significant change in the way transformers are viewed. Their importance together with their obvious value to the network has been enhanced and recognized, especially in light of the ageing fleet worldwide. At the other end of the spectrum, new transformers are now being designed and built to tighter tolerances as a result of competitive market conditions, with the knock-on effect that these “modern” devices do not appear to provide the same stability and longevity as those that were entering service in the 1970s and 1980s. Against this backdrop, the advent of transformer monitoring has emerged and continues to develop at a rapid pace. Although still considered an emerging component of asset management practice, online DGA is rapidly gaining acceptance and recognition as one of the most powerful tools in protection against asset failures. While other transformer monitoring technologies abound, many of them now online, such as partial discharge, these products collectively combine to enable the move to condition based monitoring of transformer assets. As online DGA monitors have evolved new products and technologies are reaching the market at an ever increasing rate. However, the quiet revolution is in the analysis of the data. As more and more monitors are installed, so the burden of data analysis becomes increasingly large. New ways of extracting value from this data required. One important approach is the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for DGA data analysis. Additionally, with the recognition that data from monitors must be easily transferred into meaningful information for the end-user, diagnostic tools, such as the Duval Triangle, have evolved where the addition of Triangles 4 and 5 brings significantly more value to previously mined data. The mute question in this paper relates to whether or not existing online monitoring hardware has sufficient accuracy and repeatability of measurement to be of use with these more advanced diagnostic tools.
An aspect of transformer inrush current
Authors: Šulc Ivan , Sitar Robert , Mikulecky Antun
Published: July 2022

Paper analyzes a sparking phenomena that were observed on power transformers during their first few energizing. Sparks occurred on the flange between tank cover and tank side, in spite of the fact that a jumper (copper link) was used. The phenomenon was observed on transformers from different manufacturers, with various transformer ratings, three or five limb core. Paper proposes a simple electromagnetic model for analyzing the phenomena. Three-phase power transformer is modeled in finite element method (FEM) magnetic software. Simplified 3D transformer model is used in order to simulate well known core saturation during the inrush current event. Voltages between tank cover and tank side are calculated for simulated conditions. The same model is used for calculation of possible currents flowing between tank cover and tank side, showing that a value of several kA can be reached. In spite of the fact that the observed phenomenon is harmless mitigation measures are proposed. However, by doing nothing, sparking would disappear very soon.
Investigation of impact of magnetic shunt parameters on temperature distribution in transformer tanks
Authors: Saravanan Selvaraj  , Ronny Mertens  , Geert Caluwaerts  , Mahesh B. Varrier  , Rafiq Mathersa
Published: July 2022

A set of reduced order models are developed to validate finite element based calculation of temperature distribution in solid and laminated magnetic structures in transformers with high current carrying conductors. Model details, measured and calculated losses and temperature of the models are presented. Effect of magnetic shunt type and its alignment with respect to stray flux direction on temperature distribution in the reduced order model are analyzed. The magneto-thermal coupled field analysis methodology is applied to estimate the temperature distribution in Multi-Utility transformer, showed temperature higher than expected. Different cases of tank cover plate with electromagnetic shield , thicker magnetic shunts, and with non magnetic cover plate are analyzed to reduce the temperature. With the modified shunt arrangement, the transformer passed the test as temperature were reduced by 100˚C.
CFD simulation of pressure loss in HVDC transformer winding
Authors: Wittmaack Ralf
Published: July 2022

At Siemens the in-house CFD code UniFlow is used to analyse fluid flow and heat transfer in oilimmersed and dry-type transformers, as well as transformer components like windings, cores, tank walls, and radiators. It can be employed to perform steady state as well as transient analyses. This paper describes its physical models and numerical solution methods. Moreover, it presents an application to a valve winding of a HVDC transformer, cooled by mineral oil. This study is aimed at finding the flow induced pressure loss in the winding and the static ring assembly below and above the winding. The investigation includes isothermal runs with different inlet velocity and a conjugate heat transfer run with a conductor representation. In the isothermal simulations a steady state is established and the pressure loss is an almost linear function of the inlet velocity. In the run involving heat transfer, the high buoyancy forces hamper the development of a steady state and the possibility to calculate a flow induced pressure loss.
Study of Transient Interaction in a System with Transformer Supplied from Network through a Cable: Assessment of Interaction Frequencies and Resonance Evolvement
Authors: Larin Vasily , Matveev Daniil
Published: July 2022

Transformer together with its windings is a complex oscillatory system. The interaction between the transformer and an electric network during transients can cause the development of resonance phenomenon in the windings leading to overvoltages and the risk of transformer fault. This report presents the results of studies of resonance phenomena in transformer windings, caused by interaction with an electric network containing the feeder cable. The approach to a simple assessment of dominant oscillation frequency of a voltage in the system “feeder cable – transformer” and estimation of the resonant frequencies of transformer winding is considered. The report also describes the technique for measurement of winding resonance voltages. The resonance phenomenon evolvement in transformer windings is considered and the impact of decaying oscillating applied voltage on maximum ratio of resonance overvoltages is estimated.
Dieta vegetarianǎ la copil
Authors:   Clinica III Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi,România, Anton-Păduraru Dana-Teodora , Oltean Carmen ,   Spitalul de Urgenţe pentru Copii „Sf. Maria“, Iaşi, România, Trandafir Laura Mihaela ,   Clinica III Pediatrie, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Gr. T. Popa“, Iaşi,România, Mineaţǎ Amalia Maria ,   Hiperclinica Medlife, România
Published: July 2022

Vegetarianismul poate avea implicaţii asupra creşterii copiilor şi adolescenţilor. Există diferite tipuri de diete vegetariene: unele pot fi adecvate pentru copii, altele deficitare în nutrienţi esenţiali. Dacă o dietă vegetariană este realizată adecvat şi include alimente fortifiate, poate promova starea de sănătate şi reduce riscul de boli cronice majore. Restricţia sau excluderea produselor de natură animală poate conduce la aport scăzut de nutrienţi esenţiali.
Elemente esenţiale în investigarea tulburării globale de dezvoltare şi a dizabilităţii intelectuale la copil
Authors:   Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie „Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“, Bucureşti, România, Bârcă Diana ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Butoianu Nina ,   Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie „Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“, Bucureşti, România,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Tarta-Arsene Oana ,   Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie „Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“, Bucureşti, România,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Budişteanu Magdalena ,   Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie „Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“, Bucureşti, România,   Institutul Naţional de Cercetare-Dezvoltare în Domeniul Patologiei şi Ştiinţelor Biomedicale „Victor Babeş“, Bucureşti, România,   Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Măgureanu Sanda ,   Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie „Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“, Bucureşti, România,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Craiu Dana ,   Spitalul Clinic de Psihiatrie „Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“, Bucureşti, România,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România
Published: July 2022

Obiective. Lucrarea subliniază modalităţile de investigare a etiologiei tulburării globale de dezvoltare (TGD), retardului mintal (RM) sau dizabilităţii intelectuale (DI) şi ordinea efectuării acestora. TGD şi RM/DI sunt entităţi cronice cu debut în perioada de dezvoltare, care afectează funcţiile personale, sociale, academice, ocupaţionale. Elucidarea etiologiei este importantă pentru stabilirea managementului, prognosticului, riscului de recurenţă, eventualelor posibilităţi de prevenţie şi pentru scăderea impactului psihoemoţional asupra familiilor. Material şi metodă. Literatura relevantă a fost revizuită, în prezent fiind publicate recomandări de abordare a pacienţilor cu TGD/RM, pornind de la un istoric complet, o examinare clinică minuţioasă, apoi formulând o suspiciune etiologică şi incluzând teste genetice, metabolice, neuroimagistice. Rezultate şi concluzii. Progresele din domeniul geneticii au modificat abordarea copilului cu TGD de etiologie neelucidată, crescând rata de identificare a anomaliilor cromozomiale patogenice. Hibridizarea genomică comparativă este recomandată de primă linie, cu cariotiparea ca investigaţie complementară. Secvenţierea permite analiza numeroaselor gene implicate în TGD, iar consultul genetic prioritizează investigaţiile. Identificarea diagnosticului etiologic oferă posibilitatea stabilirii unor planuri de management anticipativ, individualizat, în vederea limitării complicaţiilor şi comorbidităţilor asociate, pentru îmbunătăţirea calităţii vieţii pacienţilor.
Keypoints in investigating the child with global developmental delay and intellectual disability
Authors:   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“ Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, Barca Diana ,   “Carol Davila“, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Butoianu Nina ,   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“ Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila“, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Tarta-Arsene Oana ,   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“ Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila“, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Budisteanu Magdalena ,   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“ Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Victor Babes“ National Institute of Research and Development in the Field of Pathology and Biomedical Sciences, Bucharest, Romania,   Titu Maiorescu” University, Bucharest, Romania, Magureanu Sanda ,   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“ Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila“, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania, Craiu Dana ,   “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia“ Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, Bucharest, Romania,   “Carol Davila“, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2022

Objective. This paper highlights the main lines of etiological investigation of global developmental delay (GDD), mental retardation (MR) or intellectual disability (ID) and their specific order. GDD and MR/ID are chronic entities with onset during the developmental period, affecting personal, social, academic, occupational functions. Elucidating the etiology is important for establishing the management, for assessing the outcome, the recurrence risk, potential opportunities for prevention and for decreasing the psycho-emotional impact on families. Material and method. Relevant literature was reviewed, currently being published recommendations for the diagnostic approach of children with GDD/MR, starting with a thorough history, a thorough clinical examination, then formulating a suspected etiology and including genetic, metabolic, neuroimaging testing. Results and conclusions. Advances in genetics have changed the approach of children with unexplained GDD, increasing the rate of pathogenic chromosomal abnormalities identification. Comparative genomic hybridization is recommended as first-line investigation, with karyotyping as complementary. Sequencing allows the study of many genes involved in GDD and genetic consultation prioritizes the investigations. The identification of the etiologic diagnosis offers the possibility of establishing anticipatory, individualized management plans, in order to limit the complications and associated comorbidities, thereby improving the quality of life.
Xerostomia – clinical and non-clinical investigation
Authors:   Disciplina de Prevenţie Oro-Dentară, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Funieru Cristian , Părlătescu Ioanina ,   Disciplina de Patologie Orală, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Gheorghe Carmen ,   Disciplina de Patologie Orală, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Totan Alexandru ,   Disciplina de Biochimie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România, Ţovaru Şerban ,   Disciplina de Patologie Orală, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, România
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Xerostomia represents a decreasing in saliva secretion which leads to a number of side effects in the oral cavity, such as impairing taste perception, chewing failure, burning symptoms or a high DMF-T score. Material and method. Six patients with low saliva flow rate were investigated through a complete clinical examination and by answering to a standardized questionnaire for assessing xerostomia (XQ Michigan). Also, the saliva flow rate was measured and the saliva samples were tested for pH value, buffering capacity score, the amount of streptococci and IgA. Results. The mean score for XQ questionnaire was 34. The most frequently found clinical signs of xerostomia were: lack of saliva on the mouth floor, positive mirror test and coated tongue. Conclusions. Even the sample was poor, the investigation methods used were expensive and complex focusing on three directions: questionnaire, clinical examination and non-clinical tests.
Comparative clinical study on the occurrence of postoperative pain using irrigation protocols
Authors:   C.M.I. Androne-Onac Alecsandra Laura, Bucureşti, România, Onac Alecsandra , Bîcleşanu Cornelia ,   Disciplina Odontoterapie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Pangică Ana Maria ,   Disciplina Endodonţie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Manea Ştefan ,   Disciplina Endodonţie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Florescu Ana Maria ,   Disciplina Odontoterapie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România, Tudose Andreea ,   Disciplina Odontoterapie, Facultatea de Medicină Dentară, Universitatea „Titu Maiorescu“, Bucureşti, România
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the study is to evaluate, according to the visual analog scale, the incidence of pain that occurs after the endodontic treatment of teeth with chronic asymptomatic apical periodontitis using different irrigation protocols. Material and method. The study was carried out on a sample of 120 patients aged 20-65 years, of which 65 females and 55 males. Pain evaluation was performed by using the visual analogue scale of pain by 4 levels (no pain, mild, moderate and acute) and was carried out at 4, 24 and 48 hours after the termination of the surgical intervention. Results. The statistical analysis of the post-operative pain (0h, 48h) in the case of the four groups using the chisquare-test showed the presence of significant differences (p<0.05). The calculation of the analyzed average postoperative pain batch shows values of 23.3%, of which severe pain represents only a percentage of 3.6%. The study of the correlation between pain intensity and distribution by sex and age groups showed significant differences. Conclusions. After treatment, pain occurs in the first 24 hours, and then gradually decreases to 48 hours. This is a clear indication that one should not intervene immediately to relieve pain through the extraction of the tooth or by initiating a re-treatment session.
Orthodontic treatment for closing diastemas mandibular space to adult patient – clinical case
Authors:   Departamentul de Medicină Dentară, Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“ Galaţi, România, Decusară Mioara , Şincar Cerasella Dorina ,   Departamentul de Medicină Dentară, Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“ Galaţi, România, Rusu Magdalena ,   Departamentul de Medicină Dentară, Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“ Galaţi, România, Nicolau Alexandru Mircea ,   Departamentul de Medicină Dentară, Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“ Galaţi, România, Popa Gabriel Valeriu ,   Departamentul de Medicină Dentară, Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“ Galaţi, România, Drăguş Laurenţiu ,   Departamentul de Medicină Dentară, Facultatea de Medicină şi Farmacie, Universitatea „Dunărea de Jos“ Galaţi, România
Published: July 2022

Maxillary functions (chewing, swallowing, speech, phonation, breathing and gestures) are ensured by automatic and rhythmic movements of jaws, facial muscles, lips and tongue. Functional disorders can cause malocclusions or may contribute to worsening of malocclusions to other reasons.
Delivery outcome and predictors of successful vaginal birth after primary cesarean delivery: A comparative study
Authors: Adewole Adebayo , Fawole Adegboyega , Ijaiya Munirdeen , Adeniran Abiodun , Kikelomo Adeshina , Aboyeji Abiodun
Published: July 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the rate and predictive factors for successful vaginal birth after cesarean delivery, and measure maternal and neonatal outcomes of VBAC following one previous cesarean delivery.
Methods: In this hospital-based prospective study, sixty women with one previous CD (subjects) who attempted VBAC and another sixty without previous CD (controls) carrying singleton cephalic fetuses matched for maternal age, parity, and gestational age were compared. The primary outcome measures were successful vaginal delivery and its predictors. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22.0), and p<0.05 was significant.
Results: Out of 1768 deliveries, 105 (5.9%) had one previous CD; 57.1% (60/105) attempted while 61.7% (37/60) had successful VBAC; 23 (38.3%) had failed VBAC and repeat CD, while 14 (23.3%) of the control group had CD. The significant predictors of successful VBAC were cervical dilatation ≥4cm on admission (p=0.003), maternal age >35 years (p=0.019); and augmentation of labor (p=0.020); while previous vaginal delivery (p=0.108), parity (p=0.706), BMI (0.240), and inter-delivery interval (p=0.265) were not statistically significant. The maternal and neonatal outcomes were not statistically different among women who had successful VBAC after one CD compared to women without previous CD. Important morbidities following VBAC included uterine rupture (3.3%) and primary postpartum hemorrhage (6.7%). There was no peripartum hysterectomy or maternal death; the perinatal mortality rate was 16.7/1,000 live births for women who attempted VBAC while no perinatal death was recorded among the controls.
Conclusion: VBAC is safe, and its outcome is comparable to women without previous CD.
KONTROVERSI IDDAH PEREMPUAN MENGGUGAT CERAI
Authors: Ridha Abdurrasyid
Published: July 2022

This research was motivated by the controversy over Hambali’s that iddah for women is one menstrual period. Meanwhile, according to the major sects, the iddah is three times of quru', and based on Indonesian marriage regulations, the iddah is 90 days. Hambali’s view of thought is based on certain traditions. So this study aims to determine the validity of these traditions. This research is a takhrijul hadith’s study using descriptive method in form of content analysis. An important finding was found that it turns out that the traditions used as the legal basis for one-time menstrual iddah are da'if. The finding is something new because some scholars think that the traditions are valid. This finding is important for the public, so that it is not easy to accept the sect’s opinions that are widely spreaded on the internet. For the marriage officiants, this finding is also important in order to have more confidence towards existing regulations.Keywords: khulu’;  iddah; divorce; takhrij
UNDERSTANDING CRITERIA OF EFFECTIVE TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT: PERSPECTIVES OF ISLAMIC HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN ACEH
Authors: Ubit Fadliadi
Published: July 2022

This cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted to understand teachers’ expectations of their professional development that will inform the policy and practice of effective teacher professional development programs. The participants of the study were in-service English teachers who were alumni of professional development programs held at a training centre in Banda Aceh-Indonesia under the Ministry of Religious Affairs (MoRA). Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and data collected were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings show that teachers had high expectations when attending a professional development program. Another significant findings were teachers expected qualified trainers both instructional and interactional; the provision of good quality training facilities, resources, and infrastructure; adequate and equal teachers’ access to professional development that meets their professional development’s needs, career and learning journey. These elements were perceived by teacher participants as important criteria for effective teacher professional development, especially in Aceh’s context.  Keywords: teachers’ expectation; teacher professional development; trainer’s quality; learning environment
The Detection of Deuterated Water in the Large Magellanic Cloud with ALMA
Authors: Sewiło Marta , Karska Agata , Kristensen Lars E. , Charnley Steven B. , Chen C.-H. Rosie , Oliveira Joana M. , Cordiner Martin , Wiseman Jennifer , Sánchez-Monge Álvaro , van Loon Jacco Th. , Indebetouw Remy , Schilke Peter , Garcia-Berrios Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

We report the first detection of deuterated water (HDO) toward an extragalactic hot core. The HDO 211–212 line has been detected toward hot cores N 105–2 A and 2 B in the N 105 star-forming region in the low-metallicity Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) dwarf galaxy with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We have compared the HDO line luminosity (L
HDO) measured toward the LMC hot cores to those observed toward a sample of 17 Galactic hot cores covering three orders of magnitude in L
HDO, four orders of magnitude in bolometric luminosity (L
bol), and a wide range of Galactocentric distances (thus metallicities). The observed values of L
HDO for the LMC hot cores fit very well into the L
HDO trends with L
bol and metallicity observed toward the Galactic hot cores. We have found that L
HDO seems to be largely dependent on the source luminosity, but metallicity also plays a role. We provide a rough estimate of the H2O column density and abundance ranges toward the LMC hot cores by assuming that HDO/H2O toward the LMC hot cores is the same as that observed in the Milky Way; the estimated ranges are systematically lower than Galactic values. The spatial distribution and velocity structure of the HDO emission in N 105–2 A is consistent with HDO being the product of the low-temperature dust grain chemistry. Our results are in agreement with the astrochemical model predictions that HDO is abundant regardless of the extragalactic environment and should be detectable with ALMA in external galaxies.
GaiaHub: A Method for Combining Data from the Gaia and Hubble Space Telescopes to Derive Improved Proper Motions for Faint Stars
Authors: del Pino Andrés , Libralato Mattia , van der Marel Roeland P. , Bennet Paul , Fardal Mark A. , Anderson Jay , Bellini Andrea , Tony Sohn Sangmo , Watkins Laura L.
Published: July 2022

We present GaiaHub, a publicly available tool that combines Gaia measurements with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archival images to derive proper motions (PMs). It increases the scientific impact of both observatories beyond their individual capabilities. Gaia provides PMs across the whole sky, but the limited mirror size and time baseline restrict the best PM performance to relatively bright stars. HST can measure accurate PMs for much fainter stars over a small field, but this requires two epochs of observation, which are not always available. GaiaHub yields considerably improved PM accuracy compared to Gaia-only measurements, especially for faint sources (G ≳ 18), requiring only a single epoch of HST data observed more than ∼7 yr ago (before 2012). This provides considerable scientific value, especially for dynamical studies of stellar systems or structures in and beyond the Milky Way (MW) halo, for which the member stars are generally faint. To illustrate the capabilities and demonstrate the accuracy of GaiaHub, we apply it to samples of MW globular clusters (GCs) and classical dwarf spheroidal (dSph) satellite galaxies. This allows us, e.g., to measure the velocity dispersions in the plane of the sky for objects out to and beyond ∼100 kpc. We find, on average, mild radial velocity anisotropy in GCs, consistent with existing results for more nearby samples. We observe a correlation between the internal kinematics of the clusters and their ellipticity, with more isotropic clusters being, on average, more round. Our results also support previous findings that Draco and Sculptor dSph galaxies appear to be radially anisotropic systems.
Euonymus aquifolium (Celastraceae): Rediscovered in flowering with respect to its taxonomy, nomenclature, and rarity
Authors: Hu Jun , Zhang Jun-Yi , Yu Ding-Xiang , Jiang Hong , Xu Bo , Liu Qing , He Hai
Published: July 2022

A small population of Euonymus aquifolium (Celastraceae) with flowering plants was discovered more than 100 kilometers away from its type locality. The incomplete original description of this species is supplemented here with floral materials since it is known from only two gatherings of fruiting specimens. Its 5-merous flowers and two ovules per locule support its position in Euonymus, and this inference is further reinforced by phylogenetic analysis based on the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of rDNA. The specific epithet has long been treated as “aquifolius” to agree with the generic gender of Euonymus. But after examination of the protologues of this and other related species described simultaneously by the same authors, as well as their handwritten annotations attached on the type specimens, we conclude that the epithet aquifolium was used as a noun and it should be retained unchanged. Despite this newly discovered population some 100 kilometers away from its type locality, this species is still assessed as Critical Endangered (CR) according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
More discussion of minimalist species descriptions and clarifying some misconceptions contained in Meier et al. 2021
Authors: Sharkey Michael J. , Tucker Erika M. , Baker Austin , Smith M. Alex , Ratnasingham Sujeevan , Manjunath Ramya , Hebert Paul , Hallwachs Winnie , Janzen Daniel
Published: July 2022

This is a response to a preprint version of “A re-analysis of the data in Sharkey et al.’s (2021) minimalist revision reveals that BINs do not deserve names, but BOLD Systems needs a stronger commitment to open science”, https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.04.28.441626v2. Meier et al. strongly criticized Sharkey et al.’s publication in which 403 new species were deliberately minimally described, based primarily on COI barcode sequence data. Here we respond to these criticisms. The following points are made: 1) Sharkey et al. did not equate BINs with species, as demonstrated in several examples in which multiple species were found to be in single BINs. 2) We reiterate that BINs were used as a preliminary sorting tool, just as preliminary morphological identification commonly sorts specimens based on color and size into unit trays; despite BINs and species concepts matching well over 90% of species, this matching does not equate to equality. 3) Consensus barcodes were used only to provide a diagnosis to conform to the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature just as consensus morphological diagnoses are. The barcode of a holotype is definitive and simply part of its cellular morphology. 4) Minimalist revisions will facilitate and accelerate future taxonomic research, not hinder it. 5) We refute the claim that the BOLD sequences of Plesiocoelus vanachterbergi are pseudogenes and demonstrate that they simply represent a frameshift mutation. 6) We reassert our observation that morphological evidence alone is insufficient to recognize species within species-rich higher taxa and that its usefulness lies in character states that are congruent with molecular data. 7) We show that in the cases in which COI barcodes code for the same amino acids in different putative species, data from morphology, host specificity, and other ecological traits reaffirm their utility as indicators of genetically distinct lineages.
Optimalité et morphogenèse : le cas des plantes au XX e siècle
Authors: Varenne Franck
Published: July 2022

Au cours du xx e  siècle, le recours à des modèles formels d’optimalité dans l’étude de la morphogenèse des plantes est fréquent, mais il achoppe périodiquement sur la complexité de la plante réelle. Pourtant, il reste récurrent. Quel sens épistémologique donner à cette persistance ? À partir d’un échantillon de l’histoire récente des formalisations de la morphogenèse des plantes, nous essayons : de voir, dans des contextes différents, comment la recherche d’une formulation ou d’un calcul menant à une forme optimale est légitimée, d’en tirer quelques enseignements épistémologiques sur la fonction de ce recours à l’optimalité dans les problématiques de morphogenèse du vivant. Finalement, nous proposons l’idée que la notion d’optimalité est souvent liée à l’essai réitéré d’une compréhension unitaire, c’est-à-dire à l’effort d’une monoformalisation faisant suite à des pluriformalisations fidèles comme à des modélisations opérationnelles. Ces modèles fidèles sont trop fragmentés dans leurs formalismes pour prêter à une compréhension ou à une manipulation. Avec les modèles d’optimalité, il s’agirait en même temps de regagner un « sens » biologique qui a été conservé à une échelle, mais qui a été entre-temps perdu à une autre.
La démocratie des communs
Authors: Jourdain Édouard
Published: July 2022

Les communs connaissent aujourd’hui une dynamique qui promeut la coopération et la solidarité face aux prédations économiques et politiques. Ils invitent à considérer une démocratie sociale et écologique radicale.
La confédération nationale
Authors: Sauvêtre Pierre
Published: July 2022

Les limites des communs sont aussi les limites de la démocratie, notamment face aux structures de gouvernement. Le municipalisme envisage de remplacer ces dernières par une confédération d’assemblées communales, sur l’exemple du mouvement des Gilets jaunes ou de la révolution soudanaise.
Appropriations de l’assurance qualité dans l’enseignement supérieur au Chili et en Colombie
Authors: Duque Juan Felipe
Published: July 2022

Quels facteurs influencent la circulation des nouvelles pratiques d’évaluation de la qualité, et comment celles-ci s’inscrivent-elles dans le processus de réforme de l’enseignement supérieur ? En mobilisant la notion de traduction, cet article propose une analyse de l’appropriation de l’assurance qualité dans l’enseignement supérieur au Chili et en Colombie durant la décennie 1990. Dans les deux cas, l’analyse sera attentive aux agents collectifs de changement, l’influence du cadre institutionnel sur les stratégies de ces agents, et les caractéristiques du contexte politique qui ont conditionné les modalités et le résultat du processus d’appropriation. Il sera ainsi montré que l’appropriation de l’assurance qualité au Chili correspond à un ajustement introduit dans un contexte de contrainte institutionnelle, tandis qu’en Colombie elle participe d’une rupture des modalités de régulation dans ce secteur.
Creating and Collecting Stories
Authors: Kowalski Karren
Published: July 2022

This column is about collecting stories and creating your own to use in teaching situations. It is the second in a series of four columns about aspects of learning to use stories to engage learners, influence them, and support them.

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J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(7):299–300.]
Debriefing for Meaningful Learning: Implementing a Train-the-Trainer Program for Debriefers
Authors: Woda Aimee , Hansen Jamie , Thomas Dreifuerst Kristina , Johnson Brandon Kyle , Loomis Anne , Nolan Cox , Bradley Cynthia Sherraden
Published: July 2022

Debriefing for Meaningful Learning (DML) is a method of debriefing grounded in the theory of reflection used following a simulation or clinical learning experience to engage participants in an interactive dialogue aimed at examining and evaluating their thinking and decision-making processes. With increasing adoption of DML worldwide, a sustainable training program for nurse educators is needed. Attending conferences and workshops that provide training is challenging for many nurse educators because of time and cost constraints. One promising solution is the train-the-trainer (TTT) model. In this article, the development and implementation of a TTT model of DML debriefer training, adaptable to both academic and clinical nursing professional development, is described.

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J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(7):321–327.]
Existence of stable standing waves for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the Hardy potential
Authors: Cao Leijin
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we consider the existence of stable standing waves for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with combined power nonlinearities and the Hardy potential. In the \begin{document}$ L^2 $\end{document}-critical case, we show that the set of energy minimizers is orbitally stable by using concentration compactness principle. In the \begin{document}$ L^2 $\end{document}-supercritical case, we show that all energy minimizers correspond to local minima of the associated energy functional and we prove that the set of energy minimizers is orbitally stable.
The Cartesian closedness of c-spaces
Authors: Xie Xiaolin , Kou Hui
Published: July 2022

Directed space was defined by Hui Kou in 2014 [21], which is equivalent to $ T_0 $ monotone determined space. Its main purpose is to build an extended framework for domain theory. In this paper, we study the category of c-spaces which is a subcategory of directed spaces. The main results are: (1) we will describe c-spaces using a new definition, which give us the convenience to construct new classes of spaces; (2) we give some conditions such that categorical products and topological products agree in $ {\bf Dtop} $; (3) the category of c-spaces is not Cartesian closed; (4) we define a new class of spaces, namely, FS-spaces, which forms a Cartesian closed category.
Stability analysis of the implicit finite difference schemes for nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Lee Eunjung , Kim Dojin
Published: July 2022

This paper analyzes the stability of numerical solutions for a nonlinear Schrödinger equation that is widely used in several applications in quantum physics, optical business, etc. One of the most popular approaches to solving nonlinear problems is the application of a linearization scheme. In this paper, two linearization schemes—Newton and Picard methods were utilized to construct systems of linear equations and finite difference methods. Crank-Nicolson and backward Euler methods were used to establish numerical solutions to the corresponding linearized problems. We investigated the stability of each system when a finite difference discretization is applied, and the convergence of the suggested approximation was evaluated to verify theoretical analysis.
Estratégias cuidativas humanitude com idosos em Portugal durante a pandemia de Covid-19/ Humanitude care strategies with older adults in Portugal during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Zenevicz Leoni Terezinha , Carvalho Pereira de Melo Rosa Cândida , Furlan de Leo Marcela , Gaffuri da Silva Tatiana , Barros de Souza Jeane , Silva de Souza Silvia
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Conhecer estratégias autocuidativas e de cuidado com idosos adotadas por profissionais de saúde portugueses qualificados em Metodologia de Cuidado Humanitude durante a pandemia de covid-19. Método: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, qualitativo, com 08 profissionais da saúde formados em Metodologia do Cuidado Humanitude que atendem idosos em Portugal. Utilizou-se entrevista semiestruturada individual, por videoconferência, e os dados foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Pesquisa aprovada por CEP. Resultados:  A Metodologia do Cuidado Humanitude (MCH) favoreceu o cuidado espiritual a partir de seu repertório de técnicas relacionais/de comunicação.  A espiritualidade apareceu centralmente como vital para superar a crise planetária de covid-19. A comunicação não verbal ganhou destaque na conjuntura de máscaras faciais. Conclusão: A MCH favoreceu o cuidado complexo, ampliado, criativo, solidário, amoroso e centrado nas singularidades dos idosos, indicando um caminho transformador para o campo da saúde para superar biologicismos e tecnicismos, sobretudo em contexto de pandemia.
INDICADORES DE BEM-ESTAR SUBJETIVO E A RELAÇÃO COM O DESEMPENHO ESCOLAR E COMPORTAMENTAL EM ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Alves Veiga Dell’ Agli Betânia , De Cássia Oliveira Rita , Vieira Kenia Eliber , Franci Raimundo Yaegashi Solange , Caetano Luciana Maria
Published: July 2022

Razão e emoção sempre estiveram presentes nas discussões filosóficas, psicológicas e mais recentemente ganha maior escopo nas biológicas com o avanço da neurociência. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as relações entre indicadores do bem-estar subjetivo (afeto positivo e negativo, satisfação com a vida e autoestima) e desempenho acadêmico (adequado e baixo) e comportamental (problemas de comportamento ou não) de adolescentes. Participaram do estudo 234 adolescentes com idades de 11 a 18 anos (M = 12,89 anos; DP = 1,35) estudantes de uma escola pública de uma cidade do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Foram utilizados um questionário para dados sociodemográficos como desempenho escolar e comportamento, a Escala de Afetos Positivos e Negativos para Adolescentes, a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg e a Escala Multidimensional de Satisfação de Vida para Adolescentes. Os resultados revelaram que os maiores escores de afeto positivo, autoestima e satisfação com a vida estavam correlacionados positivamente com o grupo com bom desempenho e bom comportamento. A afetividade se apresenta, portanto, como um fator importante no desenvolvimento humano e a escola não pode se furtar de trabalhar o indivíduo em sua totalidade cognitiva, afetiva, social e moral.
A POLÍTICA DE PERMANÊNCIA NO ENSINO MÉDIO NO CONTEXTO DE MANAUS
Authors: Torres Gracimeire de Castro , Garcia Fabiane Maia , Ferreira David Goes
Published: July 2022

Este artigo analisou o processo de democratização da educação com foco na permanência no Ensino Médio manifesta e definida enquanto política pública na rede estadual de Manaus. O estudo configurou-se em uma abordagem qualitativa e documental com a análise da permanência a partir do estudo da política educacional nas três dimensões, a global, a nacional e a amazônica. O estudo da dimensão global converteu-se em uma matriz de análise das Declarações de Jontiem - 1990, de Dakar - 2000 e Incheon - 2015 que subsidiou o esquadrinhamento dos Planos Nacionais de Educação - 2001 e 2014 e Planos Estaduais de Educação - 2008 e 2015. Abordou-se a permanência como parte do processo de democratização da educação entendida na tríade acesso, permanência e qualidade em uma perspectiva harmônica. O estudo demonstra que a política de permanência do Ensino Médio em Manaus se manifesta e se define de forma subsumida aos critérios de qualidade que amparam a política educacional baseada nos indicadores internacionais, nacionais e locais relacionados a meritocracia e competição.
THE LEVEL OF MOTIVATION AMONG TEACHERS OF LEARNING DISABILITIES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN LIGHT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Khasawneh Mohmmad
Published: July 2022

This study identified the level of motivation among teachers of learning disabilities in English language in Irbid city, Jordan, in light of the Coronavirus pandemic. The study population consisted of all 60 male and female teachers of LDs in English language for the academic year (2019-2020). The sample consisted of 30 teachers. To achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was developed to reveal the motivation level of teachers of LDs in English language by referring to the theoretical literature and previous studies related to the subject of the study. The validity of the study instrument was verified by presenting it to a group of specialized professors, as well as ensuring the reliability of the instrument. The results of the study indicated that the level of motivation of teachers of LDs in English language was high.
Co-occurrence of microcystin and cylindrospermopsin in hypereutrophic Mahakanadarawa and Nachchaduwa reservoirs
Authors: Gunawardana M. H. M. A. S. V. , Wijesooriya M. M. , Randima G. W. A. P. , Atapaththu K. S. S. , Sanjaya K. , Masakorala K. , Gamage S. M. K. W.
Published: July 2022

Microcystins (MCs) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are the most abundant toxins produced by cyanobacteria in tropical freshwaters. We studied the spatial distribution of MC and CYN in two multipurpose reservoirs, Mahakanadarawa and Nachchaduwa in Anuradhapura district in Sri Lanka in September 2020.  Fourteen water quality parameters, phytoplankton composition, chlorophyll-a, MC and CYN concentrations were analyzed in triplicate in 25 sampling sites from each reservoir. Both reservoirs were at hypereutrophic status.  Microcystis was the dominant cyanobacteria with 0-3.75 x 103 cell/mL in Mahakanadarawa and 1-7 x 103 cell/mL in Nachchaduwa. Besides Microcystis, no other potential MC-producing cyanobacteria were observed. In Mahakanadarawa, MC was detected in the range of 0.11-1.63 µg/L which was above the WHO permissible level (1.0 µg/L) for drinking water. Although comparatively high Microcystis cell density was present in Nachchaduwa, its MC concentration was low (0.06-0.17 µg/L). The CYN concentration in Nachchaduwa was above the WHO permissible level (0.7 µg/L) for drinking water. It was 0.20-1.02 µg/L in Nachchaduwa and 0.03-0.08 µg/L in Mahakanadarawa. We did not observe any potential CYN-producing cyanobacteria in either of the reservoirs. There was no relationship between the spatial distribution pattern of MC and Microcystis cell density in both reservoirs. Although the majority of physico-chemical properties of water indicated suitability for drinking, co-occurrence of high concentrations of MC and CYN indicated their unsuitability for drinking. Hence, this study highlights the necessity for routing detection of cyanotoxins in both reservoirs. Further, our findings alarm potential health risks for the local community that relies on Mahakanadarawa and Nachchaduwa reservoirs for drinking, irrigation and fisheries.
Current Clinical Concepts: Management of Common Lumbar Spine Posterior Column Disorders in Young, Active Individuals
Authors: Lawrance Scott E. , Boss Emily , Jacobs Meghan , Day Carly
Published: July 2022

Although posterior column disorders, such as spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, are not commonly encountered in the general population, athletic trainers frequently see these conditions in athletic and active individuals due to the repetitive spinal extension and rotational loads placed on the pars interarticularis while participating in sport. Athletic trainers can successfully evaluate patients with posterior column disorders by performing a complete and comprehensive clinical examination to identify the location of pain, test spinal stability, and recognize compensatory movement patterns. Conservative management typically leads to a successful outcome in this population, with rest, bracing, and the use of therapeutic exercise having the best supporting evidence. In this Current Clinical Concepts review, we outlined the etiology and risk factors frequently associated with disorders of the posterior column. Additionally, we synthesized the literature for common evaluation techniques and interventions associated with the posterior column and provided a proposed rehabilitation progression to use in a younger, athletic population.
Incidence and Outcome of Anaphylaxis in Cardiac Surgical Patients
Authors: Norawat Rahul , Vohra Akbar , Parkes Andrew , O’Keeffe Niall J. , Anipindi Sujata , Maybauer Marc O.
Published: July 2022

Introduction:

Anaphylaxis is a rare but serious and potentially fatal complication of anesthesia. Little is known about the incidence and outcome of anaphylaxis in cardiac surgical patients, which we aimed to investigate.

Methods:

This was a 21-year retrospective study of cardiac surgical patients at Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.

Results:

A total of 19 cases of anaphylaxis were reported among 17,589 patients (0.108%) undergoing cardiac surgery. The majority (15/19) occurred before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), mostly during or within 30 min after the induction of anesthesia (10/19). Two occurred within 15 min of going onto CPB. Of these 17 cases, 11 were abandoned, and 6 proceeded. The severity of reactions in the patients who proceeded ranged from grade II to grade IV of the Ring and Messmer classification. Two cases occurred after the completion of surgery. All patients survived to 90 days. However, this did not appear to be related to CPB or protamine as most of the reactions occurred before CPB. Instead, the most common causative agents were gelofusine, antibiotics, muscle relaxants, and chlorhexidine. In 6 cases, surgery proceeded despite the anaphylaxis, in 11 cases the surgery was postponed, and in 2 cases the procedure had already been completed.

Conclusion:

As all patients survived, our results provide preliminary support for proceeding with surgery although we cannot speculate on the likely outcomes of patients who were postponed, had their surgery proceeded. Based on our data, the incidence of anaphylaxis in cardiac surgical patients may be 10–20 times higher than in the general surgical population.