bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enrichment Preferences of FIV-Infected and Uninfected Laboratory-Housed Cats
Authors: Kennedy Claudia J. , Thomson Andrea E. , Griffith Emily H. , Fogle Jonathan , Lascelles B. Duncan X. , Meeker Rick B. , Sherman Barbara L. , Gruen Margaret E.
Published: July 2018

Environmental enrichment is critical for alleviating stress in laboratory felines. However, there is a paucity of information about suitable enrichment for cats. This study aimed to determine preferred enrichment options of individually-housed, castrated male domestic short hair cats (Felis catus) used in a longitudinal study of the effects of chronic feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection, and to determine if the FIV status of the cats affected enrichment preferences. Preference testing was performed with two types of grooming brushes, three different interactive play options, including a laser, ball, and petting interaction with a familiar investigator, and two types of toenail conditioning objects. We found that cats elected to be brushed, preferred social interaction and play with the laser to the ball, and preferred to scratch on an inclined-box toenail conditioning object compared to a horizontal, circular toenail conditioning object. There were individual preferences for enrichment opportunities. There were no differences in preferences between FIV-infected and sham-infected cats. These enrichment preferences may be used to advise laboratory animal facilities and researchers about how to best accommodate the behavioral needs of laboratory cats.
Selection of Coagulants for the Removal of Chosen PAH from Drinking Water
Authors: Rosińska Agata , Dąbrowska Lidia
Published: July 2018

The aim of the research was to determine the efficiency of a coagulation process with powdered activated carbon for the removal from surface water of benzo(a)pyrene and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including the sum of four standardized in the Council Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intended for human consumption: benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene. For the study, surface water was used, whose composition was modified with standard solution PAH MIX A. In the first stage, for water modified with standard PAH mixture, the coagulation process was conducted. As the coagulants Al2(SO4)3·18H2O, hydrolysed salts, and polyaluminum chlorides (PAX1910 and PAX19F) were used. In the second stage, the adsorption process was conducted. Powdered activated carbon was used (CWZ-22 and CWZ-30). In the third stage, the coagulation process and the adsorption process were combined. The best effects for the reduction concentrations of the sum of four normalized PAHs, as well as of benzo(a)pyrene, were obtained by applying coagulation carried out with PAX19F and aided by powdered activated carbon CWZ-30. The removal efficiency for these compounds was, respectively, 93.8% and 95.8%.
Changes and Driving Forces of the Water-Sediment Relationship in the Middle Reaches of the Hanjiang River
Authors: Lu Xiaorong , Wang Xuelei , Yang Chao , Liu Xi , Yang Qing
Published: July 2018

Riverine sediment transport plays an important role in the global geochemical cycle. With a growing interest in global riverine environmental changes, a better understanding of water-sediment relationship dynamics and their driving forces is crucial for basin management, which is particularly associated with cascade dam construction. In this contribution, a simple and effective sediment load reduction factor analysis is used to attribute the changes in river sediment load to different drivers. The Mann–Kendall (MK) trend test and the double-mass curve (DMC) method were combined to reveal the trends and causes of change in the water-sediment relationship from 1965 to 2015 in the middle reaches of the Hanjiang River. We found that sediment load trend decreased significantly, which was caused by a decrease in water yield (5.05%), and the relative contributions of precipitation decrease (1.66%). Furthermore, only one mutation could be identified in 1974 at Huangzhuang station. Evapotranspiration and vegetation coverage had slight decreasing effects on sediment load. The impact of human activities on the water-sediment relationship has intensified over the past 15 years. We therefore propose the establishment of an integrated basin-wide ecosystem and optimized reservoir operation rule for sustainable water use and sediment regulation.
Mapping and Monitoring Lakes Intra-Annual Variability in Semi-Arid Regions: A Case of Study in Patagonian Plains (Argentina)
Authors: Scordo Facundo , Bohn Vanesa Y. , Piccolo M. Cintia , Perillo Gerardo M. E.
Published: July 2018

In arid and semi-arid regions, the climatic impact on lakes is especially critical, as they are scarce and play an important role as a primary source of the water supply. However, in some extended regions with those climatic conditions, the implementation of an in-situ monitoring program of high temporal resolution of the water resources is not possible due to its logistics and costs. Thus, developing an accurate methodology to monitor the evolution of water bodies is especially critical in these areas. For example, with remote sensing images, lake area fluctuation can be analyzed. The main objective of this study was to identify an efficient remote sensing methodology, with a temporal resolution that allows for analyzing intra-annual lake area variations. For detecting lakes area changes six Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, National Aeronautics and Space Administration products) indexes and layers were analyzed and compared. We applied the methods to the Musters (deep) and Colhué Huapí (shallow) lakes, which are located in the extra-Andean Argentine Patagonia plains (semi-arid region). The MODIS products have not been accurate to detect the areal variations of the deep lake, probably because the spatial resolution of these images is not specific enough to identify the slight variation that these lakes usually have on the extension of their area. On the contrary, MODIS products have been accurate to analyze the areal changes of the shallow lake. The Colhué Huapí lake area fluctuated between 105 km2 to 797 km2. The Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (a combination of green and middle infrared electromagnetic spectrum), as well as two bands that include a different range of middle infrared surface reflectance (2105–2155 nm; 1628–1652 nm), were the most accurate to identify the variation of the lake area.
Hypertension referrals from community pharmacy to general practice: multivariate logistic regression analysis of 131 419 patients
Authors: Albasri Ali , Prinjha Suman , McManus Richard J , Sheppard James P
Published: July 2018

Background

The burden of hypertension in primary care is high, and alternative models of care, such as pharmacist management, have shown promise. However, data describing outcomes from routine consultations between pharmacists and patients with hypertension are lacking.

Aim

To identify factors associated with referral of patients from pharmacies to general practice within the first 2 weeks of starting a new antihypertensive medication.

Design and setting

Multivariate logistic regression conducted on data from community pharmacies in England.

Method

Data were obtained from the New Medicine Service between 2011 and 2012. Analyses were conducted on 131 419 patients. In all, 15 predictors were included in the model, grouped into three categories: patient-reported factors, demographic factors, and medication-related factors.

Results

Mean patient age was 65 years (±13 years), and 85% of patients were of white ethnicity. A total of 5895 (4.5%) patients were referred by a pharmacist to a GP within the first 2 weeks of starting a new antihypertensive medication. Patients reporting side effects (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 11.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.85 to 12.41) were most likely to be referred. Prescriptions for alpha-blockers were associated with referral (adjusted OR 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12 to 1.47), whereas patients receiving angiotensin-II receptor blockers were less likely to be referred (adjusted OR 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80 to 0.99).

Conclusion

Most patients were followed up by pharmacists without the need for referral. Patient-reported side effects, medication-related concerns, and the medication class prescribed influenced referral. These data are reassuring, in that additional pharmacist involvement does not increase medical workload appreciably, and support further development of pharmacist-led hypertension interventions.
CONCEPTION OF ARTISTIC FORMS IN THE 20TH CENTURY BASED ON AN EXAMPLE OF LITHUANIAN ARCHITECTURE / MENINIŲ FORMŲ SAMPRATA XXA. LIETUVOS ARCHITEKTŪROS PAVYZDŽIU
Authors: Černauskienė Aušra
Published: July 2018

The article analyses conception of artistic forms in the 20thcentury. Artistic forms are closely connected to tendencies of modern architecture, social transformations and appearance of new materials and technologies. The analysis of artistic forms is based on an example of the 20thcentury Lithuanian architecture, which reveals the changes of basic forms, proportions, scale and artistic expression of main elements of a building.
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama meninių formų samprata XX a. Ji glaudžiai susijusi su modernios architektūros tendencijomis, socialinėmis transformacijomis, atsiradusiomis naujomis statybinėmis medžiagomis ir technologijomis. Meninių formų samprata nagrinėjama pasitelkiant XX a. Lietuvos architektūros pavyzdžius, kurie atskleidžia pagrindinių pastato elementų formų, jų proporcijos ir mastelio pokyčius bei skirtingai taikomas meninės raiškos priemones.
REVIEW OF THE LANDSCAPE AESTHETIC POTENTIAL RESEARCH IN LITHUANIA / KRAŠTOVAIZDŽIO ESTETINIO POTENCIALO TYRIMŲ LIETUVOJE APŽVALGA
Authors: Kalkė Dovilė
Published: July 2018

The article is an overview of the first manifestations of landscape aesthetic assessment, subsequent research and its development in Lithuania. It analyzes the first methodologies in Lithuania for assessment of landscape aesthetic resources, insights by different authors into the compositional structure of landscape architecture, development of aesthetic-psychological assessment and others aspects, which may be important to research of aesthetic potential of a landscape. Most important researches are reviewed in the chronological order by naming their essential distinctive features, in order to evaluate the development of landscape aesthetic assessment up to the present day.
Straipsnyje apžvelgiamos kraštovaizdžio estetinio vertinimo pirmosios apraiškos, vėlesni tyrimai ir jų plėtojimas Lietuvoje. Analizuojamos pirmosios Lietuvoje kraštovaizdžio estetinių išteklių vertinimo metodikos, įvairių autorių įžvalgos, vertinant kraštovaizdžio kompozicinę sandarą, estetinio ir psichologinio vertinimo plėtotę bei kt. aspektus, svarbius kraštovaizdžio estetinio potencialo tyrimų raidai. Svarbiausi atlikti tyrimai apžvelgiami chronologine tvarka, įvardijant esminius jų išskirtinumus, siekiant įvertinti kraštovaizdžio estetinio vertinimo raidą ir plėtotę iki šių dienų.
ANALYSIS OF CONSERVATION EXPERIENCE OF HERITAGE OBJECTS IN LITHUANIA (THE CURONIAN SPIT) AND NORWAY (THE VEGA ARCHIPELAGO) / LIETUVOS (KURŠIŲ NERIJA) IR VEGA SALYNO (NORVEGIJA) PAVELDO OBJEKTŲ APSAUGOS PATIRTIES ANALIZĖ
Authors: Piekienė Nijolė
Published: July 2018

The Curonian Spit (Lithuania) and Vega Archipelago (Norway) are objects on the UNESCO World Heritage List because of their special kind of landscapes that have been formed not without human intervention. Landscapes created by nature itself or with human help are exceptional works which, as determined by the legal acts in regulation of these processes, have to be referred to as objects of cultural heritage. The cultural heritage must be protected, exhibited and viewed as objects of science and cognition. Lithuania and Norway have different conditions formed for identification, conservation and protection of these works, but both countries have recognized that protection of cultural heritage, passing it on for future generations is the duty of the state. Prospects of heritage management and development, and exchange of experience should be the top priorities for action in Lithuania.
Kuršių nerija (Lietuva) ir Vega salynas (Norvegija) į Pasaulio paveldo vietovių sąrašą įrašytos dėl savo išskirtinių kraštovaizdžių, kurie suformuoti ne be žmogaus įsikišimo. Tai, ką sukūrė gamta, žmogus ar gamta kartu su žmogumi, yra išskirtiniai kūriniai, kuriuos, kaip nustato šiuos procesus reglamentuojantys teisės aktai, nurodoma vadinti kultūros paveldo objektais. Kultūros paveldą būtina saugoti, eksponuoti, vertinti kaip mokslo ir pažinimo objektus. Lietuvoje ir Norvegijoje susiklosčiusios skirtingos sąlygos šių kūrinių identifikavimo, išsaugojimo ar globos srityse, tačiau abiejose šalyse pripažįstama, kad kultūros paveldo apsauga, perdavimas ateinančioms kartoms yra tos valstybės pareiga. Paveldo tvarkybos ir vystymo perspektyvos, keičiantis patirtimi, turi būti Lietuvos prioritetinė veiklos sritis.
RAILWAY STATION BUILT IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD IN TELŠIAI / TARPUKARIO GELEŽINKELIO STOTIS TELŠIUOSE
Authors: Dabašinskienė Iveta
Published: July 2018

The most important and biggest railway station in Telšiai as a part of one of the first railroads Kretinga – Telšiai – Kužiai built in the interwar period is examined in this article. A variety of elements of the station’s infrastructure with special attention to passenger stations, houses for railway workers and warehouses (pakhauze) are revealed in the article. The significance of Lietūkis warehouses founded in the territory of the station and their connections with the railroad are discussed. Moreover, the arrangement of Telšiai Station buildings in the territory are analyzed and compared to the preserved site plan of the station and photo of the situation dated back to the Second World War taken by Germans from the air. While comparing the available sources, urban developments of the station area are discussed. The analysis material is based on archival sources, the interwar documentary publications and research of the location.
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama vienos pirmųjų tarpukariu tiestos geležinkelio trasos Kretinga–Telšiai–Kužiai svarbiausia ir didžiausia stotis Telšiuose. Atskleidžiama šios stoties infrastruktūros elementų įvairovė, ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas keleivių rūmams, geležinkelininkų gyvenamiesiems namams, prekių sandėliams (pakhauzams). Aptariama stoties teritorijoje įsteigto Lietūkio sandėlių reikšmė ir sąsajos su geležinkelininkų. Analizuojamas Telšių stoties pastatų išdėstymas teritorijoje, lyginamas su išlikusiu šios stoties situacijos planu bei Antrojo pasaulinio karo metų vokiečių užfiksuota toponuotrauka iš oro. Lyginant turimus šaltinius, aptariami urbanistiniai stoties teritorijos pokyčiai. Rengiant straipsnį remiasi archyviniais šaltiniais, dokumentinėmis tarpukario publikacijomis, vietos tyrimais.
Stability of CH3NCO in Astronomical Ices under Energetic Processing: A Laboratory Study
Authors: Maté B. , Molpeceres G. , Tanarro I. , Peláez R. J. , Guillemin J. C. , Cernicharo J. , Herrero V. J.
Published: July 2018

Methyl isocyanate (CH3NCO) was recently found in hot cores and suggested to exist on comet 67P/CG. The incorporation of this molecule into astrochemical networks requires data on its formation and destruction. In this work, ices of pure CH3NCO and of CH3NCO(4%–5%)/H2O mixtures deposited at 20 K were irradiated with a UV D2 lamp (120–400 nm) and bombarded by 5 keV electrons to mimic the secondary electrons produced by cosmic rays (CRs). The destruction of CH3NCO was studied using IR spectroscopy. After processing, the ν
a–NCO band of CH3NCO disappeared and IR bands corresponding to CO, CO2, OCN−, and HCN/CN− appeared instead. The products of photon and electron processing were very similar. Destruction cross sections and half-life doses were derived from the measurements. Water ice provides a good shield against UV irradiation (half-life dose of ∼64 eV molecule−1 for CH3NCO in water ice), but is not so good against high-energy electrons (half-life dose ∼18 eV molecule−1). It was also found that CH3NCO does not react with H2O over the temperature range 20–200 K. These results indicate that hypothetical CH3NCO in the ices of dense clouds should be stable against UV photons and relatively stable against CRs over the lifetime of a cloud (∼107 yr), and could sublime in the hot core phase. On the surface of a Kuiper Belt object (the original location of comet 67P/CG) the molecule would be swiftly destroyed, by both photons and CRs, but embedded below just 10 μm of water ice, the molecule could survive for ∼109 yr.
Comparative Effectiveness of 8- and 12-Week Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir Regimens for HCV Infection
Authors: Ojha Rohit P , MacDonald Brooke R , Chu Tzu-Chun , Fasanmi Esther O , Moore Jonathan D , Stewart Rachel A
Published: July 2018

Background

Real-world studies have aimed to compare the effects of 8- and 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir regimens on sustained virological response (SVR) among HCV infection genotype-1 (HCV-1) treatment-naive patients. Nevertheless, real-world comparative effectiveness studies pose unique challenges, such as confounding by indication, that were not adequately addressed in prior studies. We thus aimed to address limitations in prior studies and compare overall- and subgroup-specific effectiveness of 8- and 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir regimens among HCV-1 treatment-naive patients.

Methods

Patients eligible for our study were aged ≥18 years and initiated 8- or 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir regimens for treatment-naive HCV-1 at an urban public hospital network. We excluded patients with HIV or cirrhosis. We used marginal structural models to estimate overall and subgroup-specific risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence limits (CL) comparing the effect of 8- and 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir regimens on 12-week SVR.

Results

Our study population comprised 191 patients. Among both regimens, the majority were aged >50 years, non-Hispanic White and uninsured. The overall risk of SVR was comparable between the 8- and 12-week regimens (RR=1.01, 95% CL: 0.92, 1.11). The risk of SVR did not vary by race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic Black: RR=1.01, 95% CL: 0.84, 1.21; non-Hispanic White: RR=1.01, 95% CL: 0.89, 1.04).

Conclusions

Our real-world results suggest that 8- and 12-week ledipasvir/sofosbuvir have comparable effects on SVR among HCV-1 patients without cirrhosis or HIV. In addition, the comparable effectiveness of 8- and 12-week regimens among non-Hispanic Black individuals adds to the growing body of evidence that supports the removal of race-based treatment guidelines.
Stephanopachys linearis (Kugelann, 1792) (Coleoptera, Bostrichidae) in Poland
Authors: Borowski Jerzy , Gutowski Jerzy M. , Sławski Marek , Sućko Krzysztof , Zub Karol
Published: July 2018

Stephanopachyslinearis (Kugelann, 1792) belongs to the family of horned powderpost beetles (Bostrichidae), represented in the fauna of Europe by 29 native species. It is a characteristic element of the northern, boreal zone of the Palaearctic and alpine areas of central and southern Europe. This species as a rare beetle important for the European Union, has been placed in Annex II of the Habitats Directive, on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and European Red List of Saproxylic Beetles. S.linearis was described from Poland in 1792 and, after 220 years, again encountered in this country. The zoogeographical distribution is shown and elements of its biology and ecology are discussed.
Discovery of the biology of Glyphipterix loricatella (Treitschke, 1833) (Lepidoptera, Glyphipterigidae), a borer in Iris (Iridaceae)
Authors: Takács Attila , Szabóky Csaba
Published: July 2018

The biology and larva of Glyphipterixloricatella (Treitschke, 1833) are described for the first time on the basis of material from two localities in Hungary, in the vicinity of Budapest. We reared larvae from Iris×germanica L. (Iridaceae), representing a new hostplant family for Glyphipterix. The larvae develop over a year in the leaves, later in the rhizome, where they spend the winter as mature larvae. The larvae eat themselves out of the rhizome in spring and pupate outside the rhizome in the soil in a cocoon, covered with soil particles. The pupal stage lasts 30–35 days. All developmental stages are illustrated.
Foraging behavior of Brazilian cormorant, Nannopterum brasilianus (Suliformes: Phalacrocoracidae)
Authors: Gheler-Costa Carla , Comin Fabio Henrique , Gilli Letícia C. , Verdade Luciano M.
Published: July 2018

Although the concept of optimal foraging has been extensively discussed, foraging efficiency is difficult to assess in vertebrates. In this study, we determined the foraging efficiency of the Brazilian cormorant,NannopterumbrasilianusGmelin, 1789, by the direct,ad libitumobservation of a group of four to thirteen individuals in an artificial pond at the University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Although this study was carried out in a highly anthropic environment, we can still conclude that the Brazilian cormorant is a relatively efficient browser and short-term diver. In anthropic environments, foraging success depends on the amount of time these birds spend diving, and stealing food is less common. Stealing occurs at relatively low rates but tends to be an efficient way to get food.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Older Adults: Part I: Case Study
Authors: Brandt Nicole J. , Cook Heather
Published: July 2018

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a distressing respiratory disease that may greatly impact a patient's quality of life. Although many treatment options exist, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease Guidelines outline management strategies based on severity of daily symptoms and exacerbations. Although it is important to weigh the risks and benefits of medication use, involvement of patients in their overall care plan is imperative to optimal outcomes. According to recent studies, the prevalence of COPD in older adults is increasing, along with the complexity of care due to comorbidities, drug interactions, and side effects. A thorough evaluation of a patient case provides insight into the everyday challenges of COPD management. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 44
(7), 10–14.]
El oro y sus aleaciones en la orfebrería prerromana
Authors: Montero Ignacio , Rovira Salvador
Published: July 2018

El estudio sistemático de los análisis de objetos de oro de la P. Ibérica permite observar tendencias y agrupamientos que personalizan los distintos períodos culturales desde el Bronce Antiguo hasta el Hierro II. Mientras el Bronce Antiguo y Medio se caracteriza por el empleo de oro nativo, en el Final fue práctica cotidiana la aleación oro-plata. El Período Orientalizante y las culturas del Hierro diversifican las tradiciones de orfebre bajo los influjos tecnológicos del Mediterráneo oriental, marcando una clara diferencia entre la cultura Ibérica y la del Hierro del Noroeste.
Las religiones orientales en la Península Ibérica: documentos numismáticos, I
Authors: García-Bellido Mª P
Published: July 2018

En las líneas que siguen se aportan nuevos documentos, básicamente numismáticos, para el conocimiento de las religiones orientales en la Península. Estos nuevos datos se refieren en su mayoría a los cultos fenicio-púnicos de Melkart y Tanit, sobre todo en acuñaciones del valle del Guadalquivir, pero también en las de la Beturia. Otros, como unas monedas de Canno podrían representar a Ma-Bellona. También se discute un testimonio epigráfico dedicado a Ma. En relación con esta divinidad, con Cibeles, y con las novedades arqueológicas de El Trampal, se hace un estudio del culto a Ataecina. Además, unas monedas de Carthagonova testimonian la introducción oficial en la ciudad de un culto a Isis.
La supuesta Dama Sedente del Cabecico del Tesoro (Verdolay, Murcia)
Authors: Ruiz Bremón Mónica
Published: July 2018

Según la autora, la llamada Dama del Verdolay, una importante escultura en piedra del periodo clásico de la cultura ibérica, podría ser la imagen entronizada de un varón. Esta consideración se apoya en el estudio de su atuendo, identificado a través de otras imágenes masculinas ibéricas.
«Puellae Gaditanae»: ¿Heteras de Astarté?
Authors: Olmos Ricardo
Published: July 2018

Reconsideramos aquí el tema de las puellae gaditanae. Lo revisamos primero desde un punto de vista historiográfico. La mayoría de los estudios de nuestros predecesores están marcados por una visión continuista y casticista de la historia y consideran este tema bajo una óptica moralizante. Nos preguntamos hoy si en las puellae gaditanae no hay que considerar el residuo, romanizado, de una vieja institución fenicia de hetería, vinculada en sus orígenes al santuario de Astarté. Se concluye con una aproximación iconográfica local de un momento arcaico, el timiaterio de bronce de la Quéjola (Albacete).
Territorio económico y político del sur de la Contestania ibérica
Authors: Santos Velasco Juan A.
Published: July 2018

El propósito del presente estudio es establecer una nueva delimitación de la Contestania ibérica en su parte sur, en los alrededores de la Bici prerromana. Nuestra hipótesis es la posible gestación de una ciudad-estado en el SE de la Península Ibérica, durante los siglos VI-III a. C. Nos basamos en la distribución espacial de las evidencias arqueológicas. como la cerámica pintada, las monedas y la escultura en piedra.
Un conjunto de capiteles de origen asiático en Tarraco y Barcino. Reflexiones sobre la importación de elementos orientales en la arquitectura del nordeste de Hispania a partir del siglo II d.C.
Authors: Gimeno Javier
Published: July 2018

Entre los capiteles compuestos de Tarraco, este artículo distingue un conjunto de fragmentos de zona superior fechables en el siglo II y relacionables con grupos de capiteles minorasiáticos de esa época. A partir de su estudio, y con el complemento de otras piezas de Barcino y de la propia Tarraco, se analizan las corrientes de importación de elementos orientales de decoración arquitectónica en el nordeste de Hispania y se advierte una transformación sustancial de los esquemas durante la época de Adriano.
Gijón en el periodo Tardoantiguo: cerámicas importadas de las excavaciones de Cimadevilla
Authors: Fernández Ochoa Carmen , García Díaz Paloma , Uscatescu Barrón Alexandra
Published: July 2018

Presentamos un lote de cerámicas tardorromanas hallado en las excavaciones de la ciudad de Gijón, relacionable con conjuntos arqueológicos similares de las costas inglesas, galesas y aquitanas. Estos hallazgos confirman la importancia de Gijón dentro de la red comercial atlántica en el período tardoantiguo.
Recursos geométricos de dibujo, Composición y proporción en la pintura mural de la iglesia prerrománica de San Julián de los Prados (Oviedo)
Authors: Arias páramo Lorenzo
Published: July 2018

El presente trabajo estudia los procedimientos técnicos apropiados de dibujo, geometría y composición empleados en la ejecución de la decoración pictórica mural de la iglesia de San Julián de los Prados, edificada bajo el reinado de Alfonso II (791-842) en las afueras de la ciudad de Oviedo (Asturias). La pintura mural realizada al fresco, que recubre la superficie de sus paramentos interiores, representa la muestra pictórica altomedieval hispana que más perfectamente conservada ha llegado hasta nuestros días. El estudio se centra fundamentalmente en la composición de los trazados previos incisos a punta seca que delimitan el contorno de las figuras dibujadas y que representan la fase preparatoria más importante del diseño de las pinturas.
Métodos y análisis para la caracterización de cerámicas arqueológicas. Estado actual de la investigación en España
Authors: García Heras Manuel , Olaetxea Carlos
Published: July 2018

En este trabajo mostramos cuál puede ser el potencial de estudio y algunas de las limitaciones que tienen los métodos más comúnmente empleados en los análisis de caracterización de cerámicas arqueológicas. Tras realizar un repaso por la bibliografía que se ha producido hasta el momento en nuestro país sobre este tema, comprobamos que este tipo de técnicas todavía no se ha desarrollado en toda su amplitud, siendo necesaria su integración en el marco de aproximaciones más rigurosas que contemplen el fenómeno de la cerámica como un factor más de los que interactúan en el seno de las comunidades del pasado.
D’autres points de vue sur l’Académie de peinture de Marseille : une lettre anonyme, un libelle, un brouillon de discours
Authors: Bonfait Olivier
Published: July 2018

Cette contribution édite et étudie trois textes inédits : une lettre anonyme de 1763 au recteur de l’Académie Verdiguier, l’informant de rumeurs contre l’Académie et de la possibilité de leur publication ; un libelle de 1780 adressée par certains membres de l’Académie à son protecteur, le Surintendant des bâtiments du Roi, demandant une réforme de l’institution ; un brouillon de discours du secrétaire de l’Académie, Moullinneuf, qui demande à ses collègues académiciens de revenir à une observation fidèle aux premiers principes de l’institution, afin de restaurer le lustre ancien de celle-ci. Elle montre ainsi qu’il existe une autre histoire possible de l’Académie que la chronique idéalisante dressée par l’érudition positiviste au xixe siècle, faite de tensions, et parfois d’échecs, mais qui permet de mieux comprendre les enjeux de cette école académique dans la France des Lumières.
Neurodegenerative Disorders Progression
Authors: Kaur Ramneek , Kaur Harleen , Rajput Rashi , Kumar Sachin , R. Rachana , Singh Manisha
Published: July 2018

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are a diverse group of disorders characterized by selective and progressive loss of neural systems that cause dysfunction of the central nervous system (CNS). The examples of NDs include Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). The aggregated proteins block or disrupt the normal proteosomal turnover, autophagy, and become abnormally modified with time, generating toxicity via pathways thereby resulting in neurodegeneration and neuron death. The chapter highlights the understanding in the areas of AD, PD, HD as illustrative of major research so as to define the key factors and events in the improvement of NDs. It defines the physiological functioning of neural transmission (presynaptic, postsynaptic activity) at neural signaling pathway, then the dynamics of neuronal dysfunctioning and its molecular mechanism. Further, it also discusses the progression from synaptic dysfunction to transmission failure followed by NDs.
Characterization of Nanomaterials
Authors: Dutta Mintu Maan
Published: July 2018

This chapter provides a general introduction to the new learners in the field of the synthesis and characterization of nanoparticles. The people who are familiar with this field but are unable to interpret the data will learn how to interpret from various data available. Keeping in the mind the usefulness of numerical data, this chapter includes a number of tables and graphs for the help and easy understanding of the students.
Nanotechnology for Water Environmental Application
Authors: Nasreen Saima , Rafique Uzaira
Published: July 2018

In developing countries like Pakistan, industries do not allocate budget for control and treatment of pollution due to limited resources. Most of the pollutants emitted from these industries are usually reusable but their capture from waste is highly uneconomical. This goal can be attained by synthesizing the advanced materials such as silica hybrids, the class of silica hybrids consisting of inorganic silica linked with organic ligands to form network structure. Their high porosity, surface area, and crystallinity provide a way for removing large amount of pollutants with small quantity of silica hybrids. These applications include the use of powder hybrids as adsorbent for removal of different pollutants such as heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, and toxic organic chemicals. These functionalized hybrids can be further fabricated into thin films. This new form will be further used for catalytic degradation of various pollutants. Besides all these applications, these hybrids will have the potential to be used as sensors for detecting various pollutants in industries.
Application of Magnetic Nanomaterials for Water Treatment
Authors: Lateef Ambreen , Nazir Rabia
Published: July 2018

The availability of clean drinking water becomes a critical issue for all the people of the world due to a rapid increase in population and industrialization. The water bodies get contaminated due to the discharge of wastewater, that will not only disturb the aquatic life but also badly affect human health. Therefore, different methods are adopted to treat the contaminated water to make it clean and safe for people. In last few years, the nanomaterials have gained much attention for water treatment because of their unique properties. Among all nanomaterials, magnetic nanomaterials are considered more efficient and attractive because of their easy separation and reusable property. In this chapter, a brief review related to synthesis and characterization of MNM was studied along with their application in removal of dyes, heavy metals, and microbes from wastewater through simple adsorption processes.
International Management Success
Authors: de Frutos-Belizón Jesús , Pérez de la Lastra Susana Fernández , Ruiz-Martínez Marta
Published: July 2018

International communication has become of paramount importance in the business environment, because of the increasing effects and influences of globalization. This chapter intends to explain the importance of communication, in terms of the processes involved, as well as the elements that contribute to effective communication. The purpose is to eliminate “noises” that can distort the intended message. Therefore, throughout the chapter, different forms of communication (written and oral) are identified, which can be applied in different situations, cultures, and contexts. In order to achieve effective written communication, a series of key criteria and suggestions are put forward. Specifically, techniques used in writing texts are examined, with an in-depth focus on the report, since this is the text type used most commonly by managers. On the other hand, focusing on the oral communication form, the factors necessary to establish effective oral communication are identified, considering certain particularities if this communication is carried out at an international level.
Corporate Social Responsibility as an International Strategy
Authors: Márquez-Moreno Cristina , Durán-Valenzuela Jose Luis
Published: July 2018

The objective of this chapter is to understand how important it is for companies, in a globalized environment such as the current one, to develop socially responsible behavior, particularly for those companies that want to project themselves internationally. As will be seen, this means that firms assume responsibility for the impacts of their activities on society and establish improvement processes in three main areas: economic, social, and environmental. As a result, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a priority for business leaders in all countries. Therefore, this chapter analyzes the current environment in which companies make their decisions and how the environmental pressures determine the need to act responsibly. In addition, the concept of CSR is explored and the necessary tools for its effective implementation are explained. Of course, stakeholder theory is introduced as the core of CSR.
Managerial Competences for the Future
Authors: Espinosa Edgar Oliver Oliver Cardoso , Londoño Mayra Alejandra Vargas
Published: July 2018

The objective of this chapter is to diagnose the managerial competences developed by postgraduate students which are necessary to adequately carry out the management function in the future. To do this, a quantitative study with an exploratory-descriptive scope was carried out on a sample of postgraduate students specializing in finance. Specifically, the sample for the study consisted of 65 graduates in which the distribution with respect to gender was 55% women and the remaining 45% men. The main results were that graduates demonstrate undeveloped competences in areas such as e-business, change management, social responsibility, ethical management, and project management. The competences which were overdeveloped were financial planning, management of information and communication technologies, and internal auditing. Gender, age, and work experience were considered as variables in the study, for which significant differences were obtained.
The Impact of Palm Kernel Cake in Resolving Herdsmen-Farmers Violent Conflicts in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Alatise Abiala Abiala
Published: July 2018

The study investigated the impact of palm kernel cake (PKC) in resolving herdsmen and arable farmers' violent conflicts in Ogun State, Nigeria. There is mounting evidence of violent conflicts, killings, and raping by herdsmen attacks in Ogun State communities. The study was carried out to examine the level experiences of violent conflicts, losses, gains (if any), and the impact of PKC in resolving further violent conflicts among arable farmers and herdsmen. A total of 215 registered poultry farmers were purposively selected which consisted of all the local government areas in Ogun State. A 40-item questionnaire was designed and used to collect information from the respondents. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts and percentages while inferential statistics such as chi-square were used. Findings revealed that there was significant relationship between the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and their level experiences of violent conflicts.
Women's Commuting Environment in Public Buses in Dhaka City
Authors: Das Arunima Kishore
Published: July 2018

The constitution of Bangladesh aims to ensure a discrimination free world guaranteeing women equal access to political and public life. The ratification of CEDAW, adaptation of both MDG and SDG by the government also promote this goal. Dhaka requires an efficient transportation system to ensure the freedom of mobility for all. However, the public buses of Dhaka are insecure, unreliable, congested and unsafe. As a result, the women and children suffer the most while boarding a bus. They have to face both physical and emotional pain. This consequently restricts women's mobility rights. As men are responsible for creating a gender insensitive commuting environment inside public buses, their perceptions on the fact is to be explored. This chapter with the help of the researcher' research data (for Masters' thesis) from 2015-2016, highlights on men's perceptions of commuting environment women experience in public buses in Dhaka city. How these perceptions are shaped as an outcome of hegemonic masculinity is also analysed in this chapter using Connell's theory of hegemonic masculinity.
Organizational Diversity
Authors: Tran Ben
Published: July 2018

An employer, according to Tran (2008), must utilize a systematic approach in predicting who is likely to succeed as a potential employee; in so doing, employers must acknowledge that potential employees, person without a disability and person with a disability, are unique individuals and not machines. Employees' performances rely not only on technical skills, knowledge, skills, and abilities (aka KSAs) but on the other characteristics, also known as the “O” in KSAOs that person without a disability and person with a disability bring themselves. Such other characteristics are more credible and reliable in predicting and determining the probability of a potential employee's success. Other characteristics, must not only be identified, but carefully examined and assessed. Validation in focusing on these other characteristics is apparent.
Designing an E-Learning Curriculum
Authors: Gwee Susan , Tan Ek Ming , Jan Mingfong
Published: July 2018

In this chapter, the authors propose to look at the empirical findings that will be useful for instructors, who wish to improve their understanding on how to design an e-learning curriculum that will take into account the different learning needs of their engineering students. The studies surveyed in this chapter will focus on gender and game-based learning, which will offer insights as to how to improve the level of participation and learning outcomes for females in male-dominated fields. In particular, the authors will focus on gender issues and how learning in an e-learning curriculum can be designed to engage female students and to improve retention of female students. The authors propose the following change in an engineering e-learning curriculum: mixed-sex groups, use of collaborative activities, blended learning, and communication tools, and mixed-sex curriculum design team.
The Impact of Brand Variance on Gender in FMCG Sector
Authors: Grover Priya , Dasgupta Sabyasachi
Published: July 2018

With the rapidly changing times and technology, more and more companies are moving towards brand extensions to acquire a competitive advantage. There are various factors enhancing brand equity while extending the brand into new categories like brand awareness, personality, lifestyle, relationship with the consumers, cultural differences among consumers and demographics. Demographic of a brand is the most important personality characteristic which leads to most easily extractable variables like gender, age and class. Gender plays a significant role in shaping the brand personality of a brand and its subsequent variants. (Levy, 1959). This chapter relies on the relationship between gender based brand personality and brand equity drawn from the study titled “The effect of Brand Gender on Brand Equity”. (Lieven, 2014). This research paper concludes that brand androgyny (masculinity or femininity of the brand) was negatively related to brand associations i.e., brand equity is not influenced by gender associations related to the brand or the product category. So, this chapter explores whether there is a relationship between gender and different variants of the brand. Also, should advertisers design gender focused messages for the different brand variants. The methodology chosen for this research is quantitative in nature. The independent variable in this research is gender and the dependent variable is brand variance. This research paper shows that there is no impact of brand variants on gender. Advertisements need to be designed in a manner that target both males and females psychologically rather that demographically especially gender based.
Coming Out as Transgender or Transitioning Genders
Authors: Corning Michael
Published: July 2018

In recent years, the transgender community has been gaining more awareness and visibility in research, the media, and sociocultural landscapes. Despite this, transgender individuals endure a vast range of personal problems that stem from larger social issues. This chapter will connect the psychological components of identity and the influences of social surroundings to the possible experiences of an individual who comes out as transgender or transitions genders. While many individuals may feel a strong sense of identity affirmation, the interpersonal relationships in his or her life may face a major transitional period as well. This is especially evident in romantic relationships and family dynamics. Outside social stressors or gender transitions could impact the romantic relationship quality and structure of transgender people. Likewise, with family dynamics, the level of family functioning could depend on whether the transgender family member is a parent or child. Conclusively, clinical implications and future directions towards building strong relationships will be explored.
Communication Process in Family Reinforcing the Gender Differences in Bangladesh
Authors: Rosy Sabiha Yeasmin , Islam Md. Mynul
Published: July 2018

Family is an important institution to build a person's personality, morality, value and attitude. When this institution communicates properly, it shows the impact e.g. a boy or a girl becomes social human being. Unfortunately in our family gender biasness is reinforced continuously by starting to behave differently with boys and girls from the childhood. Parents communicate with them in a different way which constructs the traits of “masculinity” and “femininity”. Girls are compelled to learn the feminine role with politeness, submissiveness and their mobility is restricted in public world. It is a family which trains a girl to be a good mother, wife, sister or daughter, on the other hand a boy learns to be social, intellectual, able to run the world and strong. This different formation of role and behavior results in the ongoing discrimination everywhere in the society. This reinforcement is sort of relief from social stigmatization but has overall negative impact on life and through this family can be counted as the main birthplace of discrimination against women. Girls and boys must be raised neutrally to eradicate the gender differences and ensure the equality.
Female Lecturers' Perception of ICT Integration for Teaching and Learning in University of Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Adetimirin Airen
Published: July 2018

Deployment of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for teaching and learning affords learners' flexibility in learning such that they can learn as individuals or groups. The dissemination of information by lecturers to learners will also be facilitated by the use of ICT. The University of Ibadan designed a courseware development programme for 20 female lecturers to improve the use of technology for teaching and research. Data was collected using a questionnaire, interview and secondary data. Results revealed that the lecturers found the programme very relevant, appropriate but demanding. The major challenges were limited access to some of the technologies, fluctuation in internet connectivity and poor ICT literacy skills. Improvement in the level of ICT use requires the development of relevant infrastructure and ICT literacy training which were identified as critical for its successful deployment.
Gendered Representations of Fandom
Authors: Gürsimsek Ödül A.
Published: July 2018

Lost is a transgeneric, transmedia television drama that aired from 2004 to 2010, a period which coincided with the emergence of several participatory online Web 2.0 platforms including blogs, forums, YouTube, and Twitter. Thus, Lost audiences used various platforms to form communities and discuss the show. This chapter analyzes the discursive practices of audiences that compose the transgeneric audience discourse of Lost, and the tensions that arise when romance fans and science fiction/mystery fans are situated in conflicted positions regarding certain storylines. The analysis provides a critical discursive perspective that demonstrates that gender dynamics plays a role in interpreting the material related to fiction and the points of view of the other fan groups. The audience discourse that is shaped and negotiated by men and women who deliberate the so-called gendered interests in online mixed-gender platforms offer insights into how female audiences use online discussion platforms to empower themselves by constructing their identities as equal audience groups with legitimate interests.