bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on aerodynamic features of rod thrust vector control for physical applications
Authors: Wu Kexin
Published: May 2022

Mechanical thrust vector control is a classical and important branch in the vectoring control field, offering an extremely reliable control effect. In this article, a simple technology using a cylindrical rod has been numerically investigated to achieve jet controls for three-dimensional conical axisymmetric nozzles. Complex flow phenomena caused by the cylindrical rod on a flat plate and in a converging–diverging nozzle are elucidated with the purpose of a profound understanding of this technique for physical applications. Published experimental data are used to validate the dependability of current CFD results. A grid sensitivity study is carried through and analyzed. The result section discusses the impacts of three factors on performance, involving the rod penetration height, rod location, and nozzle pressure ratio. Significant vectoring performance variations and flow topologies descriptions are illuminated in full detail. When the rod penetration height changes, this technique has an effective control range, namely H/Rt ≤ 0.4. In this effective control range, the vectoring angle and efficiency increase and the thrust coefficient decreases with a deeper rod insertion. As the rod location moves downstream towards the nozzle exit, the vectoring angle increases and the thrust coefficient decays. Moreover, the direction of jet deflection remarkably varies for diverse rod locations. While the nozzle pressure ratio increases, the vectoring angle initially increases to reach the maximum level and then decays slightly. Meanwhile, the thrust coefficient continuously increases.
Feasibility analysis of solar photovoltaics for the feeding of cooling pump of a natural gas power plant
Authors: Terzi Rauf , Kurt Erol
Published: May 2022

In the present work, the energy and exergy analysis of combined cycle power plant were carried out using the actual operating parameters to investigate the exergetic efficiency, exergy destruction/losses for the components. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the combined cycle power plant were found to be 48.4% and 47.2%, respectively. The results of the energy analysis show that the condenser is associated with the highest energy losses occurred in the system but according to the exergy analysis, the combustion chamber has the highest exergy destruction rate among the system components. The attention is focused on a solar photovoltaic (PV) system satisfying partly the energy demands of an cooling water pumps. An integrated solar Photovoltaic Combined Cycle System is proposed as a means of integrating a photo voltaic solar thermal plant with the modern combined cycle power plants. The 1 MW direct solar PV system which supply the electricity of the cooling water pump that uses electricity most in the system is proposed as a way to increase the efficiency of this plant. The electricity consumption of this pump is thus reduced by about 0.25% with the usage of the electricity directly supplied by the solar PV generator. Electricity from the solar PV system is partly used to operate a cooling pump to mitigate the electricity demands. The 29.2% of the electricity demanded by the cooling pump is provided by the photovoltaic production.
Improved executive function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus following interactive digital training
Authors: Kozora Elizabeth , Zell JoAnn L , Baraghoshi David , Smith Rebecca M , Strand Matthew
Published: May 2022

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of a digital platform to assess attentional and executive function in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and to evaluate the impact of an at-home interactive digital treatment to improve cognitive dysfunction in this clinical population.

Background

Deficits in attention and executive function are common in patients with SLE. Despite these cognitive difficulties, there are limited brief assessment techniques and few treatment options to improve cognitive abilities in patients with SLE. Interactive digital treatment approaches (use of video game-based software) have been successful in identifying and improving cognition in other clinical populations.

Methods

Sixty SLE patients completed baseline neuropsychological tests (of attention, psychomotor speed, and executive function), a tablet-based digital platform (EVOTM Monitor), and biobehavioral measures. The patients were randomized into treatment SLE ( n = 30) or no contact control SLE ( n = 30) groups, and returned 4 weeks later for follow-up cognitive, EVO Monitor, and biobehavioral testing. The SLE treatment group was trained on a tablet-based digital treatment (AKL-T01) and was instructed to complete 5 sessions at least 5 days per week for 4-weeks for a total of approximately 25 min of gameplay per day.

Results

Systemic lupus erythematosus patients demonstrated impairment in visuomotor and processing speed, visual attention, and cognitive flexibility/sequencing skills at baseline. The video game-like treatment group (AKL-T01) had significant improvement in visuomotor speed (Trail Making A) and cognitive flexibility/sequencing (Trail Making B) compared to the control group at 4-week follow-up. The treatment group also demonstrated significant improvement in EVO Monitor multitasking at follow-up (with no change in controls). At baseline, a multitasking metric from EVO Monitor was associated with performance on tasks of cognitive flexibility (Trail Making B) and psychomotor speed (WAIS-IV Coding).

Conclusions

These findings provide evidence that SLE patients who participated in a 4-week interactive digital video game-like activity had significant improvement in motor speed and executive functions, and would benefit from participation in digital interventions designed to target frontoparietal networks of the brain. Preliminary findings also suggest specific metrics from EVO Monitor may also be useful to detect cognitive impairment and cognitive changes in patients with SLE.
Art for public engagement on emerging and controversial technologies: A literature review
Authors: Fraaije Aafke , van der Meij Marjoleine G. , Kupper Frank , Broerse Jacqueline E. W.
Published: May 2022

Art is increasingly used to engage publics on emerging and controversial technologies, but we still know little about what works in art-based engagement and why. To investigate what art can do for public engagement, we systematically reviewed academic work published from 2000 to 2018 about the effect of art on organized public engagement. We used the dimensions of Responsible Research and Innovation as an analytical framework to identify what outcomes are achieved and what processes contribute to those outcomes. The 30 included studies showed that art mainly supported engagement by (1) reaching wider audiences, (2) fueling individual reflection, and (3) making visible how technologies come into being and interact with the world. With due consideration of the risks of instrumentalization, future research should empirically and reflexively investigate the outcomes and methodologies of art-based engagement, especially concerning collective reflection and change.
Irish Nuns and Education in the Anglophone World, 1800–1900
Authors: Raftery Deirdre , Delaney Catriona
Published: May 2022

This article provides an account of some of the education provisions by Irish women religious, in the Anglophone world, in the nineteenth century. Although many orders sent Sisters around the globe, to both establish and run schools for English-speaking children, the main focus of this article is on two Irish orders, the Sisters of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Sisters of Mercy. While the work of other female congregations is noted, the focus on these two orders reflects the fact that they spread quickly around the globe, attracting many Irish vocations and eventually making a substantial contribution to education. The Sisters of Mercy were also known for their work in health care; however, the focus of this article is on education. The article commences with a review of the research in the field and the approaches taken by historians. The article also notes some lacunae in research and points to areas that merit more attention. The article then examines the experience of Irish nuns overseas and the contribution of the Mercy and Presentation nuns.
Performance evaluation of variable selection methods coupled with partial least squares regression to determine the target component in solid samples
Authors: Zhao Na , Wu Zhisheng , Wu Chunying , Wang Shuyu , Zhan Xueyan
Published: May 2022

Variable selection can improve the robustness and prediction accuracy of partial least squares (PLS) regression models and decrease the calculation time by selecting the optimal subset of variables in multivariate calibration. In this study, the performance of two variable selection methods for wavelength interval and individual wavelength coupled with partial least squares regression are investigated by employing the experimental data of asiaticoside (AS) and madecassoside (MS) contents in centella total glucosides (CTG) and a public dataset of corn. The studied variable selection methods include interval partial least squares regression ( iPLS), backward interval partial least squares ( biPLS), synergy interval partial least squares regression ( siPLS), competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), uninformative variable elimination (UVE) and variable importance in projection (VIP). The results show that the implementation of variable selection methods improved the performance of the model compared with full-spectrum modeling. All variable selection methods improved the prediction of AS or MS contents in CTG. When latent variables for PLS models are less than 10 in the practical application, the RPD value of AS models by iPLS method is 7.5, and the RPD value of MS models by biPLS method is 2.9. The results of wavelength interval selection are better than individual wavelength selection, especially for iPLS and biPLS. The same results were obtained with the public data for moisture in corn, and the RPD value of biPLS model of moisture is 1.6. Therefore, the wavelength interval selection methods, such as iPLS or biPLS, are appropriate for improving the PLS model’s accuracy and robustness to determine the target components’ contents in solid samples.
Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Hospice and Palliative Care: Instrument Validation Among Emergency Providers
Authors: Adeyemi Oluwaseun J. , Bouillon-Minois Jean-Baptiste , Siman Nina , Cuthel Allison M. , Goldfeld Keith S. , Grudzen Corita R.
Published: May 2022

Background: Emergency providers can engage in goals of care discussions and hospice and palliative care referrals. Little is known about their knowledge and attitudes, which may influence these care practices. Objective: This study aims to re-validate the knowledge and attitude towards hospice and palliative care (KAHP) scale and assess the scale’s latent constructs among emergency providers. Methods: The scale consists of ten items measured on a five-point Likert scale. Five of the ten items were reverse scored. Content validation was performed by ten experts in Hospice and Palliative Medicine and Emergency Medicine. Baseline surveys of emergency physicians, advance practice providers, and nurses conducted in the context of a pragmatic, randomized control trial were used for the item analysis and the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results: The KAHP scale is a ten-item scale scored from 10 to 50. Based on the synthesis of content validation results and the item analysis, all ten items were retained. The item and scale Content Validity Index were each .91. The reliability of the scale was .64 and the exploratory factor analysis identified three underlying constructs defined as self-rated knowledge, support for hospice and palliative care practice, and views on provider-patient communication. The presence of good model fit indices supported the structural integrity of the constructs. Conclusion: We present a validated instrument that is suitable for assessing knowledge and attitude variations toward interventions designed to improve hospice and palliative care practice among emergency providers.
“It Took Away and Stripped a Part of Myself”: Clinician Distress and Recommendations for Future Telepalliative Care Delivery in the Cancer Context
Authors: Rosa William E. , Lynch Kathleen A. , Hadler Rachel A. , Mahoney Cassidy , Parker Patricia A.
Published: May 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the rapid expansion of telehealth service delivery. We explored the experiences of a multidisciplinary palliative care team delivering telepalliative care for oncology inpatients during a 10-weeks COVID-19 surge in New York City.

Methods/Participants

We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with a targeted sample, employing a phenomenological approach with applied thematic text analysis. An interdisciplinary coding team iteratively coded data using a mix of a priori and inductive codes. Team members first independently reviewed each category, then met to reach consensus on recurring themes. The sample (n = 11) included a chaplain (n = 1), social worker (n = 1), pharmacist (n = 1), physicians (n = 3), physician assistant (n = 1), and nurse practitioners (n = 4).

Results

Participants described multidimensional clinician distress as a primary experience in delivering telepalliative care during the COVD-19 surge, characterized by competing loyalties (e.g., institutional obligations, ethical obligations to patients, resentment and distrust of leadership) and feelings of disempowerment (e.g., guilt in providing subpar support, decisional regret, loss of identity as a provider). Participants provided explicit recommendations to improve telepalliative care delivery for acute oncology inpatients in the future.

Conclusion

Palliative care clinicians experienced personal and professional distress providing inpatient telepalliative care during this COVID-19 surge. Clinician strain providing telehealth services must be explored further as the pandemic and utilization of telehealth evolves. Telepalliative care planning must include attention to clinician wellbeing to sustain the workforce and promote team cohesion, and a focus on infrastructure needed to deliver high-quality, holistic care for oncology patients and their families when in-person consultation is impossible.
Primary Palliative Care Education for Graduate Medical Trainees: Impacts and Needs
Authors: Pennarola Adam , Yoshioka Tammy , Shah Dhruvi , Larson Sharon
Published: May 2022

As demand for palliative care (PC) services rise, there are insufficient numbers of PC specialists to provide PC for the US population. “Primary palliative care” refers to PC services that are administered by non-specialist PC providers. Educating trainees in graduate medical education (GME) programs is 1 strategy for expanding primary palliative care, though questions remain regarding the impact of PC education for GME trainees and where additional education is needed. This study is a multicenter, cross-sectional, web-based survey study of GME trainees assessing the needs for and impacts of primary palliative care education. The survey assessed the implementation of and participants’ confidence with fundamental PC skills. The survey also asked about prior exposure to PC education and for participants’ beliefs regarding areas that would be particularly helpful for future education. 170 residents and fellows from diverse training backgrounds participated in the survey out of 851 potential participants (response rate 19.98%). Exposure to PC education was associated with higher confidence and increased frequency of implementation of fundamental PC skills. Of the forms of education that were assessed, clinical/experiential education was associated most often with higher confidence and higher frequency of use of PC skills. Discussing goals of care, pain management for seriously ill patients, and communicating difficult information were those skills most frequently identified as important for additional training. This study demonstrates that by improving existing PC education or increasing access to PC education for GME trainees, it may be possible to improve primary palliative care.
Calculators and Online Games: Supporting Students With Learning Disabilities in Mathematics
Authors: Long Holly M. , Bouck Emily C.
Published: May 2022

With increased technology use in mathematics classrooms, as well as the increased prevalence of online instruction, digital calculators and online games are two types of digital tools that support students with learning disabilities (LD) in elementary and middle school mathematics. Teachers need to understand the advantages and limitations of different options and factors that help determine which tool may be most beneficial to support the goals of the mathematics lesson as well as the individual needs of students with LD. When used appropriately and efficiently, digital mathematics tools, such as calculators and online games, can increase students’ conceptual understanding of mathematics content as well as their confidence and engagement in the mathematics classroom. This column presents a variety of virtual calculators and online math games, why they are effective, how they can be implemented, as well as a short scenario depicting one way the tool can be used in the classroom.
Exploration of Adherence to the Immunosuppressive Medication in Kidney Transplant Recipients Based on Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Yang Luo , Liu Hong-xia , Hu Yue , Zhang Bei , Peng Fu-cong , Wei Chang-yun , Wang Rui-ting
Published: May 2022

To investigate adherence to immunosuppressive medication (IM) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) and analyze the associated factors using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Data were collected at Time1 (T1) and 3 months later (T2). T1: the elements of the TPB, past behavior, beliefs about medicines, perceived social support were measured. T2: IM adherence was measured. Structural equation modeling was applied to analyze the associated factors of medication adherence. A total of 246 KTRs were included. The average IM adherence score of KTRs’ was 4.86 ( SD = 1.63). Of the recipients, 39.43% had one aspect of non-adherence to IM. The model could explain 28.7% of the variance in adherence to IM ( R2 = .287, p = .006). TPB is a useful tool for understanding adherence to IM in KTRs. Caregivers can provide effective interventions during follow-up, which should focus on improving medication beliefs as well as provision of other external support especially from outside.
Disrupting Hegemonic Masculinity(ies): Unpicking Urban Men’s Livelihood Survival Strategies in Ghana
Authors: Dery Isaac , Amoah Samuel T.
Published: May 2022

This paper argues that in many sociological theorizing on gender, work, and employment, relatively little is known about how men who engage in female dominated informal works make sense of their gendered identities. Drawing from qualitative research in a rapidly urbanizing Ghanaian city, we examine the meanings and implications of men’s involvement in gender atypical informal works. An unpacking of the constructions of gendered identity reveals the situative strategies that men may deploy to maintain, embolden, and/or adjust their masculinities congruent with dominant cultural scripts. In the end, we argue that men who engage in traditionally feminine work are accused of failing to herald the mainstreaming of the fulfillment of hegemonic masculinity which is a necessary cultural milestone.
Completing the Circle: Linkages Between Restorative Practices, Socio-Emotional Well-Being, and Racial Justice in Schools
Authors: Huguley James P. , Fussell-Ware Dashawna J. , McQueen Shanté Stuart , Wang Ming-Te , DeBellis Bianca R.
Published: May 2022

Mounting evidence demonstrates that exclusionary discipline practices like suspensions and expulsions have long-term negative socio-emotional, behavioral, and academic consequences for the students who experience them, with evidence of spill-over effects for nonexcluded students. Restorative practice has emerged as a promising alternative to punitive discipline approaches, yet evidence is mixed on whether it can improve academic outcomes or curb racial disparities in school discipline. In a new conceptual model, we argue that the full potential of restorative practice can only be reached when it is (a) operationalized more directly within a socio-emotional framework; (b) responsive to more significant mental health needs; and (c) informed by a multifaceted understanding of how racism contributes to discipline disparities, both directly through interpersonal biases and indirectly through structural oppression. A revised conceptual model based on evidence from the broader literature, original data analyses, and pilot intervention results is advanced.
OCT-angiography follow-up of choroidal neovascularization treated with treat-and- extend aflibercept regimen to avoid over-treatment
Authors: Furino Claudio , Albano Valeria , Mangione Michela , Galati Roberta , D’Addario Maria , Reibaldi Michele , Boscia Francesco , Alessio Giovanni
Published: May 2022

Purpose

To propose optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) for the follow-up of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with a treat-and-extend (T&E) aflibercept regimen to avoid overtreatment.

Methods

Retrospective, cohort, pilot study. We analysed 16 consecutive-treatment naïve nAMD eyes following up 2-years at the Eye Clinic, Bari, Italy. Intravitreal aflibercept injections in the T&E regimen for no less than 12 months, during which the macula was dry without any sign of intraretinal or subretinal fluid (SRF) at each visit, were performed. Parametric data were evaluated using an analysis of variance (ANOVA); any non-parametric statistical calculations were performed using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney test.

Results

The average number of injections during follow-up was: 8.8 ± 1. Treatment regimen adjustments were 4 weeks (W), 8W (4 + 4), 10W (8 + 2), 12W (8 + 4, or 10 + 2). No significant CNV size change from 4 to 8W (−0.027 ± 0.22 mm², p = 0.088), and from 8 to 12W (−0.04 ± 0.11 mm², p = 0.065) were found. Likewise, no significant decrease in choriocapillaris flow (CF) was detected ( p = 0.056).

Conclusion

We suggest that OCT-A may be useful in the evaluation of dry macula to decide the best approach for perchance adjusting injection intervals based on changes of CNV size.
MutaXome: A Novel Database for Identified Somatic Variations of In silico Analyzed Cancer Exome Datasets
Authors: Padmavathi P , Chandrashekar K , Setlur Anagha S , Niranjan Vidya
Published: May 2022

Advancements in the field of cancer research have enabled researchers and clinicians to access a massive amount of data to aid cancer patients and to add to the existing knowledge of research. However, despite the existence of reliable sources for extricating this data, it remains a challenge to accurately comprehend and draw conclusions based on the entirety of available information. Therefore, the current study aimed to design and develop a database for the identified variants of 5 different cancer types using 20 different cancer exomes. The exome data were retrieved from NCBI SRA and an NGS data clean-up protocol was implemented to obtain the best quality reads. The reads which passed the quality checks were then used for calling the variants which were then processed and filtered. This data was used to normalize and the normalized data generated was used for developing the database. MutaXome, which stands for mutations in cancer exome was designed in SQL, with the front end in bootstrap and HTML, and backend in PHP. The normalized data containing the variants inclusive of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), were added into MutaXome, which contains detailed information regarding each type of identified variant. This database, available online via http://www.vidyalab.rf.gd/ , serves as a knowledge base for cancer exome variations and holds much potential for enriching it by linking it to a decision support system as prospective studies.
Management of Non-Mass Enhancement at Breast Magnetic Resonance in Screening Settings Referred for Magnetic Resonance-Guided Biopsy
Authors: de Faria Castro Fleury Eduardo , Castro Caio , do Amaral Mario Sergio Campos , Roveda Junior Décio
Published: May 2022

Rationale and Objectives:

According to the Breast Imaging and Reporting Data System (BI-RADS), one of the main limitations of MRI is diagnosing the non-mass enhancement (NME). The NME lesion is challenging since it is unique to the MRI lexicon. This study aims to report our experience with NME lesions diagnosed by MRI referred for MRI-guided biopsies and discuss the management and follow-up of these lesions.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively evaluated all MRI-guide breast biopsies. We included all patients referred for NME breast MRI-guided biopsy in screening settings. All patients had a negative second-look mammography or ultrasonography. We correlated the distribution and internal enhancement pattern (IEP) of the NME lesions with histology. Invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) of no special type and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were considered malignant lesions.

Results:

From January-2018 to July-2021, we included 96 women with a total of 96 lesions in the study. There were 90 benign and 6 malignant lesions with DCIS prevalence (5/6 cancers). The most frequent benign lesion type was fibrocystic changes. There were no NME lesions with diffuse or multiple area distribution features referred to MRI-guided biopsy. The positive-predictive values (PPV) were respectively 0.0%, 2.5%, 9.0%, and 11.0% for linear, focal, regional, and segmental distribution describers, and 0.0, 3.0%, 7.9%, and 50% for homogenous, heterogeneous, clumped, and clustered-ring enhancement patterns.

Conclusion:

We observe the high potential risk for malignancy in the clustered-ring enhancement followed by the clumped pattern. Segmental distribution presented the highest predictive-positive values.
Mapping the risk of infections in patients with multiple sclerosis: A multi-database study in the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and Aurum
Authors: Leung Melissa WY , Bazelier Marloes T , Souverein Patrick C , Uitdehaag Bernard MJ , Klungel Olaf H , Leufkens Hubert GM , Pajouheshnia Romin
Published: May 2022

Background:

People with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) have an increased risk of infections; risk factors include underlying disease, physical impairment and use of some disease-modifying treatments.

Objective:

To quantify changes in population-level infection rates among pwMS and compare these to the general population and people with rheumatoid arthritis (pwRA), and identify patient characteristics predictive of infections after MS diagnosis.

Methods:

We conducted a multi-database study using data on 23,226 people with MS diagnosis from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum and GOLD (January 2000–December 2020). PwMS were matched to MS-free controls and pwRA. We calculated infection rates, and estimated incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of predictors for infections ⩽ 5 years after MS diagnosis using Poisson regression.

Results:

Among pwMS, overall infection rates remained stable – 1.51-fold (1.49–1.52) that in MS-free controls and 0.87-fold (0.86–0.88) that in pwRA – although urinary tract infection rate per 1000 person-years increased from 98.7 (96.1–101) (2000–2010) to 136 (134–138) (2011–2020). Recent infection before MS diagnosis was most predictive of infections (1 infection: IRR 1.92 (1.86–1.97); ⩾2 infections: IRR 3.00 (2.89–3.10)).

Conclusion:

The population-level elevated risk of infection among pwMS has remained stable despite the introduction of disease-modifying treatments.
Preserved T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in anti-CD20 treated multiple sclerosis
Authors: Schwarz Tatjana , Otto Carolin , Jones Terry C , Pache Florence , Schindler Patrick , Niederschweiberer Moritz , Schmidt Felix A , Drosten Christian , Corman Victor M , Ruprecht Klemens
Published: May 2022

Background:

Optimal management of anti-CD20-treated patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) is an important clinical task during the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic.

Objectives:

To characterize humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations/infections in a longitudinal cohort of anti-CD20 treated ( n = 175) and anti-CD20 therapy-naïve ( n = 41) pwMS.

Methods:

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA, virus neutralizing capacity, IgG avidity and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were determined.

Results:

Following two SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, not only SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG and IgA, but also neutralizing capacity and avidity of SARS-CoV-2 IgG were lower in anti-CD20-treated ( n = 51) than in anti-CD20 therapy-naïve pwMS ( n = 14) and in healthy controls (HC, n = 19). However, in all anti-CD20-treated pwMS vaccinated twice ( n = 26) or infected with SARS-CoV-2 ( n = 2), in whom SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were measured, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells were detectable, at levels similar to those of twice-vaccinated anti-CD20 therapy-naïve pwMS ( n = 7) and HC ( n = 19). SARS-CoV-2-S1 IgG levels ( r = 0.42, p = 0.002), antibody avidity ( r = 0.7, p < 0.001), and neutralizing capacity ( r = 0.44, p = 0.03) increased with time between anti-CD20 infusion and second vaccination. Based on detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, SARS-CoV-2 infections occurred in 4 out of 175 (2.3%) anti-CD20-treated pwMS, all of whom recovered fully.

Conclusions:

These findings should inform treatment decisions and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination management in pwMS.
Alfred Schutz’s ‘Stranger’, the theory of sociocultural models, and mechanisms of acculturation
Authors: Chirkov Valery
Published: May 2022

In this article, the author addresses the mechanisms of the acculturation of people who move across different cultural communities (immigrants, refugees, sojourners, international students, etc.). It starts by analyzing Alfred Schutz’s essay ‘Stranger’ and then connects it to the theory of sociocultural models (TSCM) (Chirkov, 2020a). Schutz’s treatise provides background and a conceptual map for articulating the mechanisms of acculturation. The TSCM elaborates on these concepts and hypotheses and justifies the proposed understanding of the psychological and sociocultural basis of acculturation. The primary idea of this approach to acculturation is that migrants experience a clash and tension between two sets of sociocultural models: from their home communities and from their host communities. Newcomers must understand the sources of this tension; in turn, they must reflect on it and then develop strategies for reconciling these two sets of models. During this process, their selves, rationality, reflective capacities, agency and intellectual autonomy become the primary means for their acculturation success.
Populist positions in party competition: Do parties strategically vary their degree of populism in reaction to vote and office loss?
Authors: Breyer Magdalena
Published: May 2022

This paper assesses how parties strategically vary their populist positions in party competition. The useful conceptualization of populism as a matter of degree has been established by previous studies. However, we know little about the conditions that drive parties to alter their degree of populism and, importantly, whether this varies between mainstream and populist parties. This paper analyzes the impact of vote and office loss on parties’ populist position-taking. It draws upon German and Austrian parliamentary debate speeches from the 1990s until 2018. Populism is measured using a dictionary method, an automated text analysis approach. The results show that parties react to contextual incentives by altering their degree of populism. Mainstream and populist parties are more populist when in opposition. Electoral losses affect mainstream and populist parties less clearly. The contribution of this paper is to integrate research on populism with a theoretical framework on party competition.
Emerging space tourism business: Uncovering customer avoidance responses and behaviours
Authors: Olya Hossein , Han Heesup
Published: May 2022

Space travel involves complicated processes, and the potential tourists may avoid these trips at any stage due to various risks and costs. The avoidance intention has serious implications for both the tourists and the services. Applying a push-pull-mooring (PPM) framework, we modelled space tourist’s avoidance intention. We developed a model that investigates the direct effect of the push, pull, and mooring factors on avoidance intention. We evaluated the moderation role of the mooring factor with the associations of the push and pull factors with the avoidance intention. We also assessed the necessity of the push, pull, and mooring factors with avoiding space tourism. Using configurational modelling, we explored algorithms that explain the conditions where tourists avoid space tourism. Space tourism avoidance intention is increased by the push factor and decreased by the push and mooring factors. The mooring factor moderates the impact of the pull factor on the avoidance intention.
Effects of comorbid asthma and eczema on child and family quality of life
Authors: Morawska Alina , Etel Evren , Mitchell Amy E
Published: May 2022

Paediatric chronic health conditions are associated with poorer psychological wellbeing and quality of life for children and families. This study investigated differences in child and parent/family quality of life between families of children with asthma only, eczema only, or both asthma and eczema, and tested predictors of child and parent/family quality of life. A convenience sample of 106 families completed parent-report measures of child and parent/family quality of life, child emotional and behavioural difficulties, parent adjustment and parenting practices. Between-groups ANOVAs indicated no differences for child quality of life, whereas parent/family quality of life was worse for those with eczema only compared to asthma only. Multiple linear regression revealed that child emotional difficulties predicted worse child quality of life, whereas worse parent adjustment, child emotional difficulties and eczema only (compared to both asthma and eczema) predicted worse parent quality of life. Results suggest that families of children with eczema may be at particular risk for impaired parent/family quality of life. Interventions that take a family-centred approach to improving child and parent adjustment should be investigated as an adjunct to medical treatment to reduce the impact of chronic health conditions on quality of life for children and families.
Progressive in the West, backward in the East: Shalwar’s trials with modernity
Authors: Celikkol Yasemin Y
Published: May 2022

About a century ago, women in the US and western Europe looked to ‘Turkish pantaloons’ (shalwar) for freedom and were shamed, harassed, and even arrested for wearing them. Meanwhile, people of all genders in Turkey and Bulgaria moved freely in shalwar until modern nation-building projects imposed Western restrictive dress that rigidly delineated the boundaries of masculinity and femininity. Considering shalwar's recent elevated status as trendy global fashion attire, what is the public discourse of shalwar in Bulgaria and Turkey? Can clothing shunned as backward be recontextualized as modern? What can clothing illuminate about gender, modernity, and geopolitics? To answer these questions, I analyse over two hundred Turkish and Bulgarian primary sources through critical transculturalism and critical race theory.
Instrumentalising sovereignty claims in British pro- and anti-Brexit mobilisations
Authors: Rone Julia
Published: May 2022

Despite the growing literature on Brexit, specifically, and conflicts of sovereignty, more generally, there has been insufficient research on how the concept of sovereignty has been used in citizen campaigns and street protests across the United Kingdom – a form of ‘counter-democracy’ through which people attempted to oversee the post-referendum political process. Combining qualitative content analysis of campaign websites with a discourse-network analysis of media articles on Brexit protests, this article shows that claims to sovereignty were mobilised not only in conflicts between the United Kingdom and the European Union, but also in conflicts between different institutions within Britain itself. Both ‘Leavers’ and ‘Remainers’ appealed to popular and parliamentary sovereignty at different points in time, pragmatically adapting their framing according to changing circumstances but also as a result of a dynamic series of interactions with each other, including denying, keying and embracing their opponents’ frames. Crucially, conflicts around different institutionalisations of popular sovereignty did not demand system change, a rhetoric familiar from other protests of the 2010s such as Occupy Wall Street with its emphasis on ‘We are the 99%’. To the contrary, pro- and anti-Brexit mobilisations remained firmly focused on Brexit policy itself. They problematised the split between ‘Remainers’ and ‘Leavers’ within the United Kingdom, between 48% and 52%, and thus, on a deeper level, the tension between the political principle of popular sovereignty and the sociological reality of a split country. Finally, the more Leavers opposed Remainers, the more movements and parties on each of these two sides aligned. Politicians featured prominently in campaigns and as speakers at protest events, contributing to close cooperation between protesters and parties, and precluding anti-systemic discourses around popular sovereignty that would target parties and institutions altogether.
A study on vibration prediction of diesel engine based on virtual material modeling method of joint surfaces
Authors: Yafei Yang , Jie Guo , Ye Song , Guoan Jiang
Published: May 2022

The vibration prediction model of diesel engine is generally established by finite element method (FEM). In FEM, the components are firstly represented by mesh models, which will be connected to develop a combined model through joint surfaces. The processing method of joint surfaces is key to the accuracy of the combined model, for joint surfaces play an important role in transmitting force and vibration. For this purpose, an equivalent model of transversely isotropic virtual material is proposed to connect the mesh models of the components in this paper. In this model, the different connection characteristics of both normal and tangential are taken into consideration. In addition, the calculation models of the virtual material layer parameters, such as elastic modulus, shear modulus, Poisson’s ratio, thickness, density, and damping coefficient, are established in theory. At the same time, the modal test is introduced to acquire the natural frequency and damping ratio for identifying the unknown parameters of the virtual material layer, by using the BP neural network algorithm. After that, the complete finite element model of a diesel engine assembly can be established, and the vibration prediction is made in time domain, where cylinder gas pressures, piston slap forces, main bearing forces, and valve train forces are taken into consideration comprehensively. Furthermore, the experiment of the engine vibration response is carried out as well. The vibration acceleration level of engine feet and the vibration severity of engine block are adopted to evaluate the structure vibration response of the diesel engine. The results show that there is a good consistency between the prediction results and the experiment results in frequency domain. The consistency of the vibration acceleration level in 1/3 octave is up to 8 kHz, and that of the vibration severity is up to 1 kHz. And the results verify the accuracy of the vibration prediction model of the diesel engine, which is based on transversely isotropic virtual material modeling method of joint surfaces.
Public discourse and its problems
Authors: Hannon Michael
Published: May 2022

It is widely believed that open and public speech is at the heart of the democratic ideal. Public discourse is instrumentally epistemically valuable for identifying good policies, as well as necessary for resisting domination (e.g. by vocally challenging decision-makers, demanding public justifications, and using democratic speech to hold leaders accountable). But in our highly polarized and socially fragmented political environment, an increasingly pressing question is: Do actual democratic societies live up to the ideal of inclusive public speech? In this essay, I explore Maxime Lepoutre's defense of discursive democracy from the challenge of defective public discourse. I argue that political ignorance, dogmatism, and social fragmentation present more formidable challenges to discursive democracy than Lepoutre acknowledges.
Using Twitter to understand perspectives and experiences of dementia and caregiving at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bartmess Marissa , Talbot Catherine , O’Dwyer Siobhan T. , Lopez Ruth Palan , Rose Karen M. , Anderson Joel G.
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed a tremendous burden on all of society, particularly among vulnerable populations such as people living with dementia and their caregivers. Efforts to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on those living with dementia are crucial towards addressing needs during the pandemic and beyond. This qualitative descriptive study includes a thematic analysis of 6938 tweets from March 17–24, 2020, that included direct or indirect references to COVID-19 and at least one of the following terms/hashtags: Alzheimer, #Alzheimer, dementia, and #dementia. Five themes were identified: continuing care, finding support, preventing spread of COVID-19, maintaining human rights, and the impact of the pandemic on the daily lives of people living with dementia. People living with dementia and their families faced unique challenges related to caregiving, maintaining social connectedness while trying to follow public health guidelines, and navigating the convergence of COVID-19 and dementia-related stigma. Data from Twitter can be an effective means to understand the impacts of public health emergencies among those living with dementia and how to address their needs moving forward by highlighting gaps in practice, services, and research.
Blade attachment degree classification for marine current turbines using AGMF-DFA under instantaneous variable current speed
Authors: Yang Chao , Xie Tao , Wang Tianzhen , Wang Yide , Jia Dongxu
Published: May 2022

Marine current turbine (MCT) blades are continuously exposed to seawater, making them extremely susceptible to marine biological attachment and causing MCT blade imbalance fault. It is challenging to extract attachment features with the instantaneous variable current speed. In fact, the collected signal is highly nonlinear and nonstationary, which involves different scales and dimensions affected by the instantaneous current speed. In this paper, improved multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) is adopted to analyze such signals. The original MF-DFA is easily affected by the order of the fitting polynomial and cannot achieve the desired adaptive effect. The paper combines grey relation analysis and ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) to adaptively select the detrended function. The proposed adaptive grey MF-DFA (AGMF-DFA) method is validated with data collected from a testbed composed of an MCT coupled to a 230W permanent magnet synchronous generator. The result shows that the proposed method is effective for the attachment degree classification under the instantaneous variable current speed.
Adaptive dynamic mode decomposition and its application in rolling bearing compound fault diagnosis
Authors: Ma Ping , Zhang Hongli , Wang Cong
Published: May 2022

The decoupling detection of compound faults in rolling bearing is attracting considerable attentions. In recent years, some time-series decomposition methods, such as ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), variational mode decomposition (VMD), symplectic geometry mode decomposition (SGMD) etc., are used to extract the fault characteristics of bearing fault vibration signal and achieve the purpose of fault diagnosis. However, the fault characteristics of compound fault vibration signals are unevenly distributed, some fault characteristics are weakly disturbed by noise, which limit these methods application in compound fault diagnosis. In this paper, the Koopman operator is introduced from the perspective of flow field dynamics information extraction, an adaptive dynamic mode decomposition (ADMD) is proposed to decompose the nonlinear time-series data into a set of dynamic mode components (DMCs). In ADMD, a high-degree polynomial is applied to fit the data sequence of flow field, and a low dimensional subspace can be obtained. The dominant dynamics of flow field can be represented by the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the low-dimensional subspace, which can be transformed into reconstructed time series with different frequency, and obtained the frequency-based DMCs. The simulation and experimental analysis results show that the proposed method can effectively decouple different fault components of compound fault of rolling bearing.
Revisiting The Transformative Classroom: A response to Schroeder-Strong, Merrifield, Morgan, and Dahlbeck
Authors: Yacek Douglas W.
Published: May 2022

In this response to reviewers, I revisit some of the central positions and theses of my book The Transformative Classroom and engage with several important criticisms. In doing so, I try to point out what I think is of particular value for further understanding the transformative potential of the classroom, especially where I think I could have captured this better in the book.
Introduction Fiction and truth, learning and literature: Interdisciplinary perspectives
Authors: Johansson Viktor , Löfgren Ingeborg
Published: May 2022

Literature and fiction, in various forms, both textual and oral, have an undeniable place in human growth and education: they are a constitutive part of our reality. This raises the question: how and what do we learn from fiction? Even when fiction does not mirror reality directly, can it still, explore, express, and teach us about the world? If so, how? In this special issue education becomes something of a link between the fictional and the real. Approaching fiction to learn from it, or learn with it, enables us to examine our experiences and to transform them in our everyday lives. The special issue, if perhaps for the most part indirectly, testifies to the various ways love of literature often expresses love of truth. Not because all the articles describe or use the notions of “truth,” “fiction,” “literature,” and “learning” in the same way, but because they offer an extension of these concepts.