bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IG2: Integrated Gradient on Iterative Gradient Path for Feature Attribution
Authors: Zhuo Yue , Ge Zhiqiang
Published: November 2023

Feature attribution explains Artificial Intelligence (AI) at the instance level by providing importance scores of input features' contributions to model prediction. Integrated Gradients (IG) is the prevalent path attribution method for deep neural networks, involving the integration of gradients along a path from the explained input (explicand) to a counterfactual instance (baseline). Nonetheless, current IG variants exclusively consider the gradient of explicand's output, but we have discovered that the gradient of the counterfactual output also exerts a substantial influence on feature attribution. To achieve this, we propose Iterative Gradient path Integrated Gradients (IG2), considering both two gradients. IG2 incorporates the counterfactual gradient iteratively into the integration path, consequently obtaining a novel path (GradPath) and a novel baseline (GradCF). These two novel IG components effectively address the issues of attribution noise and arbitrary baseline choice in earlier IG methods. IG2, as a path method, stratifies many desirable axioms, which are theoretically justified in the paper. Experimental results on XAI benchmark, ImageNet, MNIST, TREC questions answering, wafer-map failure patterns, and CelebA face attributes validate that IG2 delivers superior feature attributions compared to the state-of-the-art techniques.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU TIPE WEBBED TERHADAP MINAT LITERASI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Savitri Zahra , Kurnianti Endang M , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: November 2023

Rendahnya literasi di Indonesia termasuk salah satu dari beberapa faktor yang menjadikan mutu pendidikan di Indonesia belum meningkat. Serta penggunaan model pembelajaran yang belum tempat juga menjadi pengaruh dalam mutu pendidikan. Sehingga untuk mengoptimalkan mutu pendidikan di Indonesia, salah satu solusi yang bisa diadakan dengan mengaplikasikan model pembelajaran yang sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan studi kepustakaan tentang analisis penerapan pembelajaran terpadu tipe webbed terhadap minat literasi siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 sumber artikel dari 5 tahun terakhir yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari sumber artikel yang digunakan, bahwa pembelajaran terpadu tipe webbed mampu memaksimalkan minat literasi pada siswa sekolah dasar sehingga model pembelajaran dapat dijadikan salah satu pilihan untuk mengatasi rendahnya minat literasi. Pembelajaran terpadu tipe webbed memiliki prinsip yang menyenangkan sehingga siswa tertarik dan tidak merasa terbebankan. Untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran terpadu tipe webbed ini perlu dukungan dan partisipasi aktif dari guru maupun orang tua.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA DENGAN MODEL CLIS PADA SISWA KELAS V SD AR RAHMAN MOTIK
Authors: Mellyawati Nabilah Syam , Sances Monica , Taofik Taofik , Utami Nidya Chandra Muji
Published: November 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagimana penerapan model pembelajaran CLIS (Children Learning In Sains) dalam meningkat hasil belajar IPA siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian PTK betuk penelitian yang digunakan adalah lapangan, yaitu penelitian yang mempelajari secara intensif tentang keadaan sebenarnya mengenai siswa berkesulitan belajar IPA pada siswa kelas 5 Sekolah Dasar.
Analisis Keberadaan Senjata Airsoft Gun dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Negara Republik Indonesia
Authors: Dustin Briyan , Firmansyah Hery
Published: November 2023

Misuse of an object that is not in accordance with its designation is no longer new, but lately the public is being shocked by a replica weapon that is often used for criminal acts, and law enforcement officials themselves have often cracked down on the misuse of replica weapons, but the question is still what is the position of the airsoft gun itself in our laws and regulations and whether it is airsoft The gun itself is included as a firearm? And what are the normative legal consequences that can be given to the ownership and distribution of airsoft guns that are carried out not with requirements in accordance with applicable regulations? The author's hope in raising the theme itself is to hope that the position of the airsoft gun itself becomes clear whether the tool is included as a firearm or not, considering previous research that considers that airsoft guns are not firearms and cannot be dealt with by the Emergency Law. This research is carried out normatively, and the approach is carried out by reviewing existing laws and regulations (Statute Approach). And after examining through related laws and regulations and police regulations, it was found that airsoft guns are replica weapons classified as firearms for sports purposes, and therefore their possession and circulation can be criminally charged with Emergency Law Number 12 of 1951 considering that airsoft guns are classified as firearms, the results of this study certainly have novelty with previous research conducted where It was found that the airsoft gun is not a firearm and its possession without permission and its circulation cannot be charged with Emergency Law Number 12 of 1951, in other words the research conducted by this author contains elements of novelty
Penetapan Harga Semen PT Conch dalam Praktek Jual Rugi Ditinjau dari Hukum Persaingan Usaha
Authors: Santi Syifani Ristia , Christine
Published: November 2023

The strategy of setting the selling price of a product below production costs by a business actor is an activity that is prohibited according to Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition of Monopoly Practices and Unfair Business Competition. Determining the selling price below the cost price may indicate activities that are prohibited in Article 20 of Law Number 5 of the Year, namely the practice of selling at a loss. The practice of selling at a loss has a detrimental impact on other business actors, namely that it can eliminate business actors in the relevant market, causing an unhealthy business competition climate and leading to monopolistic practices. This is not in line with the objectives of Law Number 5 of 1999 which requires fair business competition so that it can create a healthy business climate.
Penerapan Digitalisasi Pada Umkm Chio Snack menggunakan Platform Simonik untuk memperluas Pemasaran Produk
Authors: Desfiandi Andi , Z Zuriana
Published: November 2023

Digitalisasi memungkinkan UMKM untuk mengoptimalkan proses bisnis mereka, meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, dan mengakses pasar global melalui platform online. Salah satu contoh UMKM yang berupaya menghadapi tantangan ini adalah Chio Snack berada di Desa Trimulyo, Kecamatan Tegineneng, Kabupaten Pesawaran, Provinsi Lampung, UMKM Chio Snack merupakan sebuah usaha yang berfokus pada produk makanan ringan berkualitas tinggi. Tingginya perkembangan teknologi berdampak pada meningkatnya persaingan. Dalam dunia bisnis, hal tersebut menjadi tantangan yang harus dihadapi oleh berbagai pihak, tidak terkecuali pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM). Namun, sejumlah UMKM tersebut khususnya yang berada di Kabupaten Pesawaran belum tercatat oleh Pemerintah dan juga belum dikenal oleh masyarakat  luas. pemerintah Kabupaten Pesawaran membuat inovasi baru berupa suatu platform yang disebut dengan Sistem Monitoring Kerja (SIMONIK). SIMONIK merupakan platform yang digunakan untuk menunjang monitoring dan evaluasi pelayanan publik khususnya UMKM di Kabupaten Pesawaran. Dalam platform SIMONIK terdapat beberapa fitur, mulai dari layanan pengurusan PIRT, pengurusan BPOM, hingga memasarkan produk. Sehingga, para pelaku UMKM khususnya yang berada di Kabupaten Pesawaran akan mudah dalam mengurus atau melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut. Dalam upaya untuk memperluas jangkauan produk mereka, UMKM Chio Snack memutuskan untuk mengadopsi platform Simonik, sebuah solusi digital yang dapat membantu dalam pemasaran produk secara efektif. Melalui penerapan teknologi ini, diharapkan dapat meraih manfaat dalam bentuk peningkatan akses ke pasar, peningkatan daya saing, dan pertumbuhan bisnis yang berkelanjutan.
Digital Marketing bagi Pemula untuk Peningkatan Penjualan Produk UMKM pada Anggota Karang Taruna Budhi Wibawa
Authors: Nursyanti Reni , M Marwodo
Published: November 2023

Pada era digital seperti saat ini banyak generasi muda yang memulai langkah menjadi wirausaha yang membutuhkan media pemasaran menggunakan media digital tersebut. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut maka dibutuhkan  pelatihan dan pendampingan yang dapat memberikan informasi sekaligus pelatihan  dengan tema “Penggunaan Media Sosial Untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan Produk UMKM Anggota Karang Taruna “Budhi Wibawa” di Kelurahan Kopo”. Tujuannya adalah memberikan pemahaman tentang pentingnya pembuatan konten produk di platform media sosial bagi pelaku UMKM anggota Karang Taruna dalam meningkatkan pendapatan. Target luaran kegiatan yaitu memberikan pengetahuan pentingnya pembuatan konten produk bagi para pelaku UMKM anggota Karang Taruna, menambah softskill tentang wawasan bagaimana mengelola produk dan pemasaran berbasis informasi teknologi, dan menumbuhkan jiwa technopreneur pada para pelaku UMKM anggota Karang Taruna.
Determinan Kepemimpinan Perawat Sebagai Pendidik di Pelayanan Kesehatan: Systematic Review
Authors: Wulandari Cicilia Ika , Hariyati Rr Tutik Sri , Handiyani Hanny , Rizany Ichsan , Soemantri Diantha , Novieastari Enie
Published: November 2023

Kepemimpinan merupakan kompetensi esensial yang dibutuhkan dalam keperawatan. Pentingnya kepemimpinan bagi perawat sebagai pendidik guna mendukung optimalisasi pembelajaran klinik. Pembelajaran klinik dengan strategi kepemimpinan dapat mencetak perawat penerus yang kompeten di pelayanan kesehatan. Tujuan literature review ini adalah mengeksplorasi determinan kepemimpinan perawat sebagai pendidik di pelayanan kesehatan. Systematik review ini menggunakan diagram alur. Artikel bahasa inggris yang diterbitkan tahun 2019 sampai Maret 2023. Database yang digunakan; Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, Wiley Online Library. Peneliti memanfaatkan tool covidence untuk proses seleksi data sampai ekstraksi serta menggunakan instrumen The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist untuk mengevaluasi artikel. Enam artikel telah diidentifikasi dan dianalisis. Artikel memiliki desain Cross Sectional dan kualitatif. Systematic review menghasilkan tiga tema analitis: (1) pengembangan diri, pembelajaran belajar berkelanjutan, (2) role model bagi perawat, (3) penghargaan diri bagi perawat pendidik. Disimpulkan bahwa perawat sebagai pendidik penting untuk pengembangan diri, menjadi role model dan menghargai diri sebagai pendidik. Hal tersebut berimplikasi pada staf perawat lain dalam menjalankan peran profesional. Rumah Sakit perlu mendukung perawat sebagai pendidik di pelayanan kesehatan dengan menerapkan konsep kepemimpinan dalam pembelajaran klinik.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Desa Bungatan Kabupaten Situbondo Tentang Sanitasi Lingkungan
Authors: Bambang Sri Kaloko  , Lestyo Wulandari  , M. Zainal Roisul Amin  , Muhamad Khoirul Anam
Published: November 2023

KKN is activities carried out by students to integrate academic learning with practical experience in the field. Students who undergo KKN will socialize with the surrounding community, identify problems that occur at the KKN location, and find solutions that are relevant to these problems. The results of problem identification by students in Bungatan Village were the lack of public concern for environmental cleanliness and the absence of a Garbage Disposal Site. For this reason, group 160 KKN students stationed in Bungatan Village held a socialization activity on Bungatan Can Clean from Garbage (Busa-Busa). The activity aims to provide knowledge to the Bungatan Village Community regarding the types of waste, how to manage it, and invite all elements of the village apparatus to hold TPS and waste management from TPS to TPA. After this activity, it is hoped that the Bungatan Village Community will become more concerned with the surrounding environment.
Strategi Pengelolaan Limbah Kayu di Kawasan Pantai Mustika Pestanggaran Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Dwi Gita Anggagana  , Rizky Ramadani  , Ratna Mustika Yasi
Published: November 2023

One of the problems in coastal or coastal areas is waste management. Waste can cause environmental problems if its presence is not handled properly. The aim of this activity is to provide direct training, especially in processing wood waste on the coast of Mustika, Pancer hamlet, Pesanggaran subdistrict. This activity includes the observation stage, implementation which consists of socialization and direct training, the final stage is making activity reports and evaluation Waste in the form of wood waste produced in coastal areas is in the form of tree branches carried by currents or branches from trees around the beach. The activity started with observations to see the problem of wood waste accumulation that was not managed properly. The socialization activity on managing wood waste into briquettes was carried out in one day, attended by 30 participants from various levels of society. Based on the analysis, it was found that socialization and training activities in managing Mustika beach wood waste into briquettes are one solution for dealing with the accumulation of rubbish/wood waste in the beach environment that can be implemented by UMKM in the environment around Mustika Beach in the Pesanggaran area.
Transição acadêmica: expectativas dos alunos do ensino secundário em ralação ao ensino superior
Authors: Silva Alage Jacob , Rocha Sampaio Sônia Maria
Published: November 2023

Durante a transição do ensino secundário para o ensino superior, os alunos levam consigo várias expectativas sobre o que vão encontrar nesse novo contexto com características bem diferente do ensino secundário. A conclusão do ensino secundário coincide com o momento de preparação para o ensino superior e de elaboração de projetos fundamentais de transição para o futuro. As expectativas desta fase  A nossa pretensão ao desenvolver este artigo, visa identificar e descrever as expectativas dos alunos finalistas do ensino secundário público e fatores que interferem no processo de transição para o ensino superior. Um estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido a partir da entrevista compreensiva de Kaufmann (2013), participaram sete alunos de escolas públicas da região sul de Moçambique. Constatou-se a necessidade de haver diálogo entre as instituições do ensino secundário e do ensino superior para divulgar os cursos que oferecem e as condições de acesso.
Technical and Economic Efficiency of Vine Pruning: Results of Experimental Trials of Some Cultivars of Grapevine Grown in Sicily and Determination of Break-even Point
Authors: Sgroi Filippo , Modica Federico
Published: November 2023

The research presents the results carried out on Sicilian viticulture in order to study the economic sustainability of the agricultural company. In particular, the author examined the operation of dry pruning and tying of the fruiting head in espalier vineyards with tools that facilitate the work. The economic analysis highlights that equipping yourself with mechanical tools that facilitate work is convenient for both large and small wineries. The results of the research highlight that the investment to facilitate pruning and tying in Guyot-trained vineyards can also be made by wine-growing companies and is increasingly convenient as the area under vines involved increases.
Endocardite infectieuse en réanimation
Authors: Hékimian Guillaume , Hammoudi Nadjib , Lefevre Lucie , Combes Alain , Luyt Charles-Edouard
Published: November 2023

Les patients atteints d’endocardite peuvent être admis en réanimation pour de multiples raisons. Il peut s’agir d’un état de choc cardiogénique ou septique, d’une détresse respiratoire aiguë sur œdème aigu pulmonaire, d’un coma ou bien d’une insuffisance rénale aiguë. Devant ces tableaux cliniques très variés, il faudra être en mesure d’évoquer et de confirmer le diagnostic rapidement, de débuter une antibiothérapie sans délai et de se poser systématiquement la question d’une indication opératoire et d’éventuelles contrindications. Cela impose une étroite collaboration entre de nombreux spécialistes au sein d’une équipe d’endocardite, afin de tenter de décider au cas par cas et dans le bon timing des meilleures options thérapeutiques.
Outcome of Toe Amputation in Diabetic Foot Gangrene Patients at CMH Rawalpindi
Authors: Chaudhry Ibrahim Tufail , Jalil Malik Muhammad , Mahi Muhammad Ayub Ashraf , Riaz Tooba , Ahmad Rana Muhammad , Talha Makshoof Muhammad
Published: November 2023

Objective: To study the outcomes of toe amputation performed in diabetic foot gangrene patients during hospital admission at CMH Rawalpindi. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery, Combined st Military Hospital (CMH), Rawalpindi, Pakistan from 1st June 2021 to 31st May 2022. Methods: 146 patients who had undergone toe amputation were followed in this prospective cohort study. The clinical data was collected and analyzed after informed written consent from patients. The size of the ulcer and surgery method were recorded. After toe amputation, the recovery, insulin therapy, re-ulceration, and reamputation were also recorded with glycated hemoglobin. The data was assessed by using SPSS version 20. The frequency and percentage were calculated for categorical data. For continuous data, mean and standard deviation were calculated. Results: A total of 146 patients for toe amputations were enrolled in this study. Patients were diagnosed with a mean duration of diabetes of 15.93±3.79 years. There were 121 (82.9%) male participants and 25(17.1%) female participants with a mean age of 49.9±11.11 years. There were 35 (24.0%) patients in which ulcer size < 1 cm², 44 (30.1%) patients with ulcer size 1-5 cm² and 67 (45.9%) cases were with ulcer > 5 cm² in size. Among the individuals studied, 53 (36.3%) showed X-ray examinations confirmed the presence of foot ulcers. Out of the total amputations performed, 70(48%) were revisited with re-ulceration problems. These patients were counselled for re-amputation out of which contralateral major amputation was highly prevalent. Moreover, as shown in Table 2, ipsilateral ulceration 41 (28.1%), and contralateral ulceration 29 (19.9%) were found in patients who had re-ulceration and re-amputation out of 70 (48%) patients. The mean glycated hemoglobin in these patients was 11.02±2.42. Out of the total amputations performed, 2 (3.77%) patients were due to septicemia, 1 (1.88%) from ketoacidosis, and 3 (5.66%) died from retinopathy comorbid with diabetes. Conclusion: Our study underscores favorable outcomes, including effective infection control and wound healing, contributing to improved patient care and limb preservation. These findings highlight the importance of timely surgical intervention in managing diabetic foot complications. 

How to cite this: Chaudhry IT, Malik MJ, Mahi MAA, Riaz T, Ahmad RN, Makshoof MT. Outcome of Toe Amputation in Diabetic Foot Gangrene Patients at CMH Rawalpindi. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 415-420. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.339
Response Rate After Modified Regime DHAP and Toxicity with Refractory and Relapsed Disease in Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Kumari Reeta , Haider Ghullam , Abro Nargis , Shah Amera , Sarim Tooba , Abid Khadijah
Published: November 2023

Objective: To assess the response rate and toxicity of a modified regimen DHAP (dexamethasone, cytarabine, and cisplatin) and to compare treatment response and toxicity profile with disease status in patients with refractory and relapsed lymphoma who presented to a public hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.Study Design: A cross sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Oncology Department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, from December 2021 to October 2022.Methods: Modified DHAP was used to treat all individuals with lymphoma who had refractory disease or had relapse. The modified DHAP treatment includes intravenous infusions of dexamethasone 40 mg every 15 2 minutes on days 1 through 4, cisplatin 25 mg every 3 hours on days 1 through 4, and cytarabine 2x0.5 g/m every hour on days 1 through 4. Cycles were repeated every three weeks. Following each cycle, toxicity was evaluated using WHO criteria. A CT scan and a physical examination were used to assess the therapy response.Results: The median age was 41, ranging from 20 to 74 years. Most of the patients were males (73.9%). Of 92 patients, 32 had refractory disease, and 60 had relapse. Twenty-nine patients had a complete response, 45 patients had a partial response, and the overall response rate of modified DHAP was 80.4%. The most frequent toxicity of modified DHAP was pancytopenia (46.7%), followed by febrile neutropenia (14.1%), respectively. Mortality occurred in 4 patients (13%). Febrile neutropenia was reported more in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients than in Hodgkin's lymphoma patients, with a p-value=0.014. Conclusion: Modified DHAP has a better overall response rate and manageable toxicity profile in patients with refractory or relapsed lymphoma.

How to cite this: Kumari R, Haider G, Abro N, Shah A, Sarim T, Abid K. Response Rate After Modified Regime DHAP and Toxicity with Refractory and Relapsed Disease in Lymphoma Patients. Life and Science. 2023; 4(4): 469-475. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.348
Risk Factors of Obesity in the Adult Population of Pakistan
Authors: Nomani Rumza Mehr un Nisa , Khan Aleena , Shah Syed Tahir Abbas , Naeem Aisha , Liaquat Afrose , Khan Muhammad Jawad
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to find the prevalence of obesity in Pakistan and establish the link to know associated risk factors of obesity within the obese population. Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the Functional Genomics Laboratory at the Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan from November 2017 to December 2021.Methods: A survey of 1061 individuals (55.97% males and 44.03% females) was conducted which was a national representation of the Pakistani population. The data variables were presented as numbers and analyzed by Chi-square.Results: Among our study population, 16.71% were obese, 22.9% overweight, and 36.28% had normal body mass index (BMI). Out of 177 obese participants, 63.27% were in Class 1, 25.43% were in Class 2, and 11.3 % were classified as Class 3 obesity. Among obese, males and females were 57.63% and 42.37% respectively. Individuals aged 26-39 were found to be more obese than other age groups. A total of 31.64% of obese individuals were in the age group 18-25, 42.36% were in adulthood (26-39), 15.26% were in middle age (40-54) and 10.74% were in old age (55 and above). Most of the respondents were not suffering from any metabolic disease (81.53%), and 18.47% presented one or more than one metabolic disease. Metabolic complications, smoking, and history of obesity, dietary intake, and physical activity were found significantly associated with health status.Conclusion: Increase in obesity among Pakistani adults was presented equally in both genders and in all regions. It is significantly associated with several risk factors including history of obesity, physical activity, and dietary intake

How to cite this: Nomani RMN, Khan A, Shah STA, Naeem A, Liaquat A, Khan MJ. Risk Factors of Obesity in the Adult Population of Pakistan. 2023; 4(4): 379-386. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.433
Market Reaction to the Announcement of Rights Issues in Bank Sub-Sector Issuers on the Indonesian Stock Exchange
Authors: Noor Hafia Rezki  , Wulansari Meina
Published: November 2023

The TVA metric is used to evaluate the liquidity of a particular stock. Utilizing a technological tool called trading volume activity (TVA) can help monitor capital markets' response to information. The inverse relationship between TVA value and stock liquidity causes this. The TVA value of a stock increases with how easy it is to sell and convert it into currency, or more precisely, how much liquidity a stock has. Because of the announcement right issue, certain phenomena have good impact phenomena, while other phenomena turn out to have bad impacts, and because TVA was not covered in previous research, it is known that the effect of notification light issue on stock returns and market trading volume do not always have the same effect on offering the same conclusions. The research sample consisted of 17 financial services companies in the banking sub-sector that dealt with this issue. The window period in this research was carried out for 11 days, namely 5 days before the announcement right issue, 1 day at the time of the announcement, and 5 days after the announcement right issue. The data used is secondary data obtained from the Indonesian Stock Exchange page and yahoo finance. Data collection techniques are carried out using methods of purposive sampling. Data analysis techniques using one sample t test to find out the market reaction around the announcement right issue and comparative tests to determine differences abnormal return and trading volume activity before and after the announcement right issue. The research results show that there is abnormal return significant surrounding the announcement event rights issue Bank subsector issuers on the IDX in 2021. There is no difference between abnormal returns significantly before and after the announcement of the rights issue. There is a significant difference in stock liquidity before and after the announcement rights issue which is indicated by different trading volume activities.
Extraction and Compositional Analysis of Anthocyanins and Polysaccharides from Aronia Melanocarpa Fruit
Authors: Wang Chu-yan , Wang Dong-sheng , Wu Jie , Yin Xia-wei , Wang Ze-hui , Hu Ye-xian , Zhang Yan , Zhu Rong-an , Mei Hong
Published: November 2023

We have examined the basic composition of anthocyanins and polysaccharides, the active components in Aronia melanocarpa fruit. To this end, microwave-assisted ethanol extraction and cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis were employed to extract anthocyanins and crude polysaccharides, respectively. Aronia melanocarpa fruit polysaccharides were separated and purified by DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 glucan gel column chromatography, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results demonstrated that the optimal extraction parameters of anthocyanin from Aronia melanocarpa fruit were a 60% ethanol volume fraction, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 30:1, a microwave time of 60 s, and a microwave power of 210 W. The extracted anthocyanins reached 200.47 mg/100 g, while the yield of polysaccharides was 3.82%. Anthocyanins in Aronia melanocarpa fruit were mainly composed of cyanidin, delphinidin, and mallow pigment, among which cyanidin was the main component, with a content as high as 90.79%. There were two distinct fractions of polysaccharides. The fraction-I polysaccharides were mainly composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactose, and arabinose, with a molar ratio of 8.80: 8.97: 2.38: 27.46: 47.94. In contrast, the fraction-II polysaccharides were primarily composed of rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galactose, xylose, and arabinose, with a molar ratio of 1.67: 9.22: 8.47: 70.69: 6.16. The results of this study can provide a reference for the in-depth development of Aronia melanocarpa resources
Application Of Back Massage To Smooth Milk In Breastfeeding Mothers At Pelamonia Makassar Hospital
Authors: Erna Kasim  , Kum Sri Ayun , Andi Tenriola Fitri Kessi
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

 

 

Introduction: The action of rolling massage (back) can affect the hormone prolactin which functions as a stimulus for breast milk production in mothers during breastfeeding. The action of massage rolling (back) will provide comfort and relax the mother because massage rolling can stimulate the release of endorphins and can stimulate the oxytocin reflex. The purpose of the study: to identify how to apply back massage (massage rolling) to facilitate breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers. Methods: In this study the methods used were interviews and observation. respondents were given back massage intervention (massage rolling. The intervention was carried out for 3 days with a duration of 5-10 minutes with a sample of 2 people. Results: Based on the results of measuring the volume of breast milk in the two samples at the time of the visit, it showed a very significant increase in breast milk. This is because both clients have been given a rolling massage (back) which can help the hormone oxytocin work in releasing breast milk, accelerating the parasympathetic nerves to convey signals to the back of the brain to stimulate milk production to come out.  Conclusion: From the results that the application of back massage (massage rolling) to facilitate breast milk can affect the way hormones work in milk production . Suggestion: It is recommended for further research with more samples and with a longer time regarding the application of back massage (massage rolling) to facilitate breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers.

Keywords: rolling massage, smooth breastfeeding, breastfeeding mothers.
The Relationship Between The Family Environment And The Incident Of Bullying At SDN 31 Bontoraja
Authors: Fitriani  , Tenriwati  , Ely Kurniati
Published: November 2023

Nothing new anymore. However, until now bullying incidents have not been handled specifically. While it is known that bullying is a trigger for violence against children. Violence is a form of action in the form of physical force, threats, or certain associations with the intention to hurt and cause physical or mental injury. Bullying is defined as intentional, aggressive, forceful oppression by individuals or groups. There are several factors that can influence the incidence of bullying in children, including the characteristics of the child itself. Objective: Knowing the relationship between the environment and the incidence of bullying at SDN 31 Bontoraja. Methods: This research is a quantitative study using an analytic observational design with a cross sectional approach. With a sample population of 41 and a sample of 41 people. This research uses a sampling technique, namely probability sampling using a simple total sampling technique which is also called simple. Results: In this study the results were obtained that for the low level of bullying there were 19 people and the high level of bullying was as many as 22 people. And the results of bivariate analysis using the chi-square test obtained results for the three independent variables, namely the level of age, gender, and family environment that H0 was accepted. Conclusions and suggestions: In this study it can be concluded that the family environment has no relationship with the incidence of bullying. Parents always control their children in socializing, using electronic and print media, for example parents taking their children to school, accompanying their children to watch television.
Relationship Between Heritage History And Smoking Habits With Hypertension Incidence
Authors: Hasanuddin Indirwan , Zainab
Published: November 2023

Hypertension is a systemic blood pressure where the systolic pressure is above 140 mmHg and the diastolic pressure is above 90 mmHg. In the elderly population, hypertension is defined as a systolic pressure of 160 mmHg and a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between heredity and smoking habits with the incidence of hypertension. This type of research is quantitative with an analytic descriptive design using a cross sectional study approach, which wants to know the relationship between one variable and another. The variables in question are the independent variables and the dependent variables. The analytical test used is bivariate analysis, which is an analysis that connects two variables, namely the independent variable and the dependent variable. Bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test using α = 5% using the SPSS version 16 computer program. The results of this study were that there was a relationship between the patient's hereditary history and the incidence of hypertension (p=0.001). There is a relationship between the patient's smoking habit and the incidence of hypertension (p=0.007). It is hoped that the information on the results of this study can be used as additional material to enrich knowledge and reference needs for community nursing science that causes hypertension.

Keywords: Hypertension; Descendants; Smoking habit
COVID-19 revakcinacijos apimčių savybės tarp sveikatos priežiūros specialistų
Authors: Paškevičienė Miglė , Kondratavičiūtė Gintarė , Sauserienė Jolanta
Published: November 2023

Pastarieji metai žmonijai buvo itin sunkūs dėl COVID-19 pandemijos, pareikalavusios ne tik daugybės gyvybių, bet ir didelių ekonominių ir žmogiškųjų išteklių jai sustabdyti. Mokslininkai sukūrė vakcinas, galinčias apsaugoti žmogų nuo koronaviruso infekcijos komplikacijų ir mirties. Deja, praėjus pandemijos pikui, dalis visuomenės pamiršo apie revakcinacijos naudą, kuri būtina, norint suvaldyti pandemiją ir išvengti COVID-19 protūkių ateityje. Didelę svarbą revakcinacijos apimtims turi sveikatos priežiūros specialistai, kurie turi galimybę būti šalia paciento, dalytis moksliškai pagrįsta informacija, argumentuotai paneigti sklandančius mitus apie vakcinas ir taip prisidėti prie visuomeninio imuniteto palaikymo. Straipsniu siekta aptarti revakcinacijos dėsningumus ir jos apimtis tarp sveikatos priežiūros specialistų. Apibendrinus galima teigti, jog dažniausios revakcinacijos atsisakymo priežastys yra ilgalaikių nepageidaujamų reakcijų baimė, nepasitikėjimas vyriausybe bei farmacijos kompanijomis. Visgi atliktų tyrimų pavyzdžiai rodo, kad revakcinacijos nauda, valdant pandemiją, yra neįkainojama, todėl rekomenduojama skatinti visuomenę nepamiršti jos svarbos, pasikliauti tik patikimais informacijos šaltiniais, o pasaulio valstybėms – užtikrinti veiksmingą vakcinų tiekimą.
Žarnų invaginacija: etiologija, klinikiniai požymiai, diagnostika ir gydymas
Authors: Zikaitė-Simonavičė Paulina
Published: November 2023

Žarnos invaginacija apibūdinama kaip vieno žarnyno segmento įlindimas į greta esančio žarnyno segmentą. Dažniausia šios patologijos priežastis vaikams yra idiopatinė, o dažniausia invaginacijos rūšis – ileokolinė invaginacija, kai terminalinė klubinės žarnos dalis įlenda į kylančiąją storosios žarnos dalį arba į akląją žarną. Diagnostika remiasi klinikiniais požymiais ir vaizdiniais tyrimais, iš kurių auksiniu standartu laikoma pilvo organų echoskopija. Pediatrijoje žarnų invaginacija yra būklė, reikalaujanti skubiosios pagalbos, nes invaginacijos metu trinka žarnyno kraujotaka ir gali nekrotizuoti tam tikras žarnyno segmentas. Pirminis gydymas yra konservatyvus, kuris sudaro absoliučią daugumą invaginacijos atvejų, tačiau, jei nėra poveikio, pereinama prie chirurginio gydymo.
Augantis adaptogenų populiarumas šiuolaikinėje sveikatingumo praktikoje
Authors: Čapkauskienė Sandrija
Published: November 2023

Adaptogenai – tai grupė vaistažolinių augalų ir grybų, kurie, manoma, padeda organizmui atsispirti stresui ir prisitaikyti prie jo, o kartu ir gerina bendrą savijautą. Jie žinomi dėl savo gebėjimo reguliuoti organizmo atsaką į stresą, reguliuoti hormonų kiekį ir didinti atsparumą įvairiems stresoriams. Manoma, kad adaptogenai palaiko imuninę sistemą, gerina kognityvines funkcijas, mažina nuovargį ir didina fizinį pajė- gumą. Populiarūs adaptogenai yra tokie augalai kaip ženšenis, eleuterokokas, kininis citrinvytis, rausvoji rodiolė, peruvinė pipirinė, ašvaganda ir kt. Nors adaptogenų tyrimai tebevyksta, į juos ir toliau atkreipiamas dėmesys dėl jų galimos naudos sveikatai, padedančios valdyti stresą ir palaikyti bendrą savijautą. Svarbu adaptogenus vartoti prižiūrint sveikatos priežiūros specialistui ir laikantis rekomenduojamų dozavimo rekomendacijų.
O Instituto Unibanco e suas implicações na política educacional cearense
Authors: Souza Allan Solano , Moreira Hilcélia Aparecida Gomes
Published: November 2023

A educação brasileira evidencia um embate incisivo, nos últimos 30 anos, entre as esferas do público e privado, via proliferação dos thinks tanks. Esse estudo tem como objetivo discutir a atuação do Instituto Unibanco e suas implicações no estado do Ceará, como think tank na política educacional. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o materialismo histórico-dialético, que considera o mundo como um processo de complexos em constante transformação, e não como um conjunto de coisas acabadas. A partir de uma metodologia qualitativa, foram construídos mapas utilizando o software Atlas T.I., traçando um panorama das diretrizes e bases nacionais para a educação e relacionando com ações construídas no processo de fortalecimento da parceria entre SEDUC - Ceará e IU. Para entender a atuação do IU na educação é preciso observar as razões que favorecem sua permanência: marketing social, formação de jovens para avaliações externas, formação de gestores e professores. Conclui-se que os interesses do capital, representados pelo IU, tem determinado a definição e concepção de políticas educacionais, principalmente, no contexto cearense.
Arsenais analíticos das políticas públicas para a análise da relação público-privado na educação: as estruturas e a agência dos atores
Authors: Gomes Sandra Cristina
Published: November 2023

O artigo apresenta algumas categorias analíticas e perspectivas teóricas da área de estudos sobre políticas públicas que podem ser úteis para o entendimento das relações entre mercado e Estado na produção de políticas educacionais. Três perspectivas são apresentadas. Uma primeira mais estrutural e sistêmica - o peso do legado histórico; e uma segunda e terceira que descem o nível de análise para os atores políticos, sociais e de mercado - o papel das ideologias de governos de direita e esquerda e a perspectiva cognitiva, com centralidade nas ideias, valores e visões de mundo de atores e redes de políticas públicas. As interpretações se complementam pois ainda que fatores sistêmicos ou estruturais tenham relevância analítica para explicar as políticas públicas, a agência, isto é, o comportamento e as escolhas de atores concretos podem ser diferentes a depender do contexto. O artigo argumenta que a agenda de pesquisa atual tem como desafio migrar do uso metafórico do papel do mercado e do neoliberalismo para casos concretos orientados por escolhas teóricas e analíticas. Essa agenda de pesquisa ainda é incipiente e tem se mostrado como uma lacuna de investigação que poderia contribuir para uma compreensão mais ampla e comparativa sobre como, quem são e em quais circunstâncias grupos de interesses vinculados ao setor privado da educação são (ou não) bem-sucedidos na formação da agenda dos governos. Para fins de ilustração empírica, o ensino superior brasileiro é utilizado como caso concreto.
Formação técnica e profissional e a mercantilização do ensino brasileiro sob o capital
Authors: Camargo Joseane Vieira Cavalcante de , Favaro Neide de Almeida Lança Galvão , Semzezem Priscila
Published: November 2023

Políticas educacionais ajustaram-se no Brasil, na última década, para viabilizar a ação do capital na Educação Básica, em especial no Ensino Médio, bem como o ensino técnico e profissionalizante em prol das necessidades voltadas à sua reprodução. Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar as diretrizes da Lei n° 13.415/2017 e de normativas que a sucederam, desvelando os interesses dos conglomerados privados na educação pública e no itinerário da formação técnica e profissional. Pautada no referencial do materialismo histórico e em uma abordagem qualitativa, analisa o alinhamento dessa formação e da educação pública com as demandas de setores empresariais. Ampara-se em pesquisa documental e bibliográfica para discutir o “novo” Ensino Médio brasileiro, estabelecendo suas articulações com o capital. A reforma viabiliza, por intermédio de estratégias variadas, a intensificação da captação de recursos públicos pelas empresas, que invadem o ambiente escolar de distintas formas, processo esse em implantação em diferentes estados. Esse movimento se adensa perante a flexibilização curricular e o incremento da possibilidade de parcerias com instituições privadas, especialmente na formação profissional e técnica, mercantilizando e precarizando a educação pública, o que exige explicar seus fundamentos.
Os currículos de formação de professores de Química do Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso e as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais
Authors: Eickhoff Anderson Plattini do Nascimento , Zandavalli Carla Busato
Published: November 2023

O Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso (IFMT) possui três cursos de licenciatura em Química ofertados em Confresa, Primavera do Leste e Cáceres. Cada curso foi iniciado na vigência de diferentes Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs), necessitando, portanto, de adequações em seus projetos. O objetivo do trabalho foi mapear o histórico das alterações nas DCNs, buscando desvelar as forças sociais que operam as mudanças curriculares no Brasil e como se deu a articulação da produção e alterações na redação do corpus do estudo. Após a contextualização histórica e análise comparativa das DCNs de 2002, 2015 e 2019, os textos dos projetos foram analisados na perspectiva de identificar a corroboração, ou não, entre seu texto e as DCNs vigentes à época de sua aprovação. Os dados obtidos permitem indicar que, dentre as DCNs analisadas, a proposta que melhor atende à formação de professores é a de 2015. Em relação aos projetos dos cursos, observou-se que se adequaram ao preconizado nas DCNs do período de sua elaboração. Apenas um curso atende a BNC-Formação, indicando a possibilidade de resistência à proposta nos cursos mais antigos. Não se observou a estruturação de uma política institucional que possibilite similitude aos cursos de formação de professores no IFMT.
Effects of Biosorption Technique Using Various Fruit Waste Activated Carbon in Improving Chenderiang River Water Quality
Authors: Tavasuria Elangovan  , Putri Shareen Rosman  , Jimmy Nelson Appaturi  , Rajabathar Jothi Ramalingam
Published: November 2023

The release of heavy metals from industries and other human-made activities into waterways is the primary cause of environmental pollution. Heavy metals are very toxic and once ingested through the mouth and nose; they can accumulate in the organs inside the human body and poison the internal organs with serious illnesses and even can cause death. Hence, in order to determine the water quality, biosorption technique using low-cost, eco-friendly fruit or agricultural wastes i.e., banana and orange peel activated carbon were prepared and characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis. The adsorbents were then used to treat and identify the physicochemical parameters of Chenderiang River water, Tapah, Perak, Malaysia. Physicochemical analysis of river water sample such as DO, BOD5, pH, Temperature, EC, Turbidity, Hardness, Alkalinity, TSS, (PO4)3−, AN, Cu, Cr, Fe, and Zn before and after treatment were measured using Multiprobe system, EC meter, Lamotte Smart3® Colorimeter, and AAS. The results showed that orange peel (OP) activated carbon is more effective than banana peel (BP) activated carbon in reducing most of the pollutants including heavy metals in Chenderiang river water. The findings of this study showed that the biosorption technique using fruit waste is a low-cost, biodegradable and eco-friendly alternative method to remove pollutants including heavy metals in water and indirectly can reduce municipal solid waste. Therefore, can reduce water pollution and ensure good water quality.
Streamlining Attendance Management in Education: A Web-Based System Combining Facial Recognition and QR Code Technology
Authors: Emily Sing Kiang Siew  , Zhi Yan Chong  , Sah Nah Sze  , Richki Hardi
Published: November 2023

Attendance tracking has long posed challenges in educational institutions due to the inefficiency and error-prone nature of traditional paper-based methods. In response, many institutions have embraced web technologies and automated attendance systems, incorporating biometrics, QR codes, barcodes, and RFID-based technologies. However, the applicability of these systems may vary across different educational settings. This paper introduces a web-based student attendance management system that combines facial recognition technology and QR codes to address the challenges associated with manual attendance tracking in a university college. The system leverages a centralized database for streamlined monitoring and auditing of attendance records, offering the flexibility to choose between face recognition and QR code attendance marking options. User acceptance tests were conducted to evaluate the system's effectiveness, and the results indicate that the proposed system greatly improves attendance tracking transparency and demonstrates high usability based on positive user ratings. Additionally, the preference for face recognition over QR code scanning was evident. Incorporating these technologies into the automated attendance system represents a substantial advancement in educational technology, offering an accurate and efficient way of recording attendance.
Effects of Google Classroom on ESL/EFL Teaching During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mohamad Syafiq Ya Shak  , Muhammad Khairul Ahmad  , Ungku Khairunnisa Ungku Mohd Nordin  , NoorAileen Ibrahim
Published: November 2023

The systematic review was completed to examine studies on the effects of Google Classroom (GC) usage as a learning technology on ESL/EFL learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most studies on this matter were one-off instead of longitudinal and primarily focused on the perception of its users. This study identifies gaps and additional aspects that could be investigated in future studies. Three databases, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were explored to collect relevant data. Primary searchers between 2020 and 2022 revealed 217 studies on the topic under investigation. After scrutinizing abstracts and removing duplicates, 12 were retained for further analysis. A thematic analysis was conducted to derive the benefits and issues of using GC in learning English. It was revealed that GC could play a role in increasing students' achievement in the four primary skills in the English language, listening, reading, speaking, and writing. Issues with using GC mainly revolved around external factors rather than the learning platform itself. It is recommended that future studies look at other aspects of GC usage in language learning, such as its specific features and learning materials uploaded to it, and whether different online learning platforms than GC could yield similar results to GC.