bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Klasifikasi Kualitas Teh Hitam Menggunakan Metode Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Berbasis Citra Digital
Authors: Komariyah Aprilia Nur , Rohmatulloh Bagas , Hendrawan Yusuf , Sutan Sandra Malin , Al Riza Dimas Firmanda , Hermanto Mochamad Bagus
Published: September 2023

Sebagai negara tropis, produksi teh hitam di Indonesia sangat besar. Berdasarkan kualitasnya, teh hitam di Indonesia telah diekspor ke beberapa negara. Dalam rangka memenuhi permintaan standar kualitas yang dibutuhkan di tiap negara, teh hitam diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga jenis, diantaranya grade A, grade B, dan grade C. tetapi, pada kenyataannya industri memiliki permasalahan pada pemenuhan standar quality control karena kebanyakan industri masih menggunakan metode manual. Maka dari itu tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengklasifikan tiga jenis mutu teh secara otomatis dengan menggunakan convolutional neural network (CNN). Dua tipe pre-trained network digunakan yakni arsitektur AlexNet dan ResNet50. Berdasarkan analisis sensitivitas didapatkan nilai akurasi yang tinggi pada proses training dan validasi. Tiga model terbaik dari CNN didapatkan diantaranya AlexNet dengan solver Adam dan learning rate 0.00005; AlexNet dengan solver RMSProp dan learning rate 0.0001; ResNet50 dengan solver SGDm dan learning rate 0.00005 yang mana mendapatkan nilai akurasi training dan validasi hingga 100%. Selanjutnya didapatkan nilai akurasi klasifikasi dengan arsitektur AlexNet dengan solver Adam dan learning rate 0.00005 mampu mengklasifikasikan grade B dan grade C tepat 100% tanpa adanya error. Tetapi untuk grade A terdapat kesalahan sehingga nilai akurasi menjadi 99.7%. Sedangkan untuk arsitektur AlexNet dengan solver RMSProp dan learning rate 0.0001 dan arsitektur ResNet50 dengan solver SGDm dan learning rate 0.00005 dapat mengklasifikasikan teh hitam tepat sesuai dengan kelasnya. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa CNN mampu mengklasifikasikan teh hitam secara efektif.
Analisa Pengaruh Posisi Biji pada Malai Terhadap Gaya Perontokan Beberapa Varietas Padi
Authors: Zatmika Ajat , Mandang Tineke , Hermawan Wawan , Subrata I Dewa Made , Sutejo Agus
Published: September 2023

Kuantitas dan kualitas biji padi yang baik dapat dikembangkan dengan metode perontokan yang lebih efisien dan akurat berdasarkan pengukuran threshing force (TF). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi pengaruh varietas padi dan posisi biji pada batang malai padi terhadap hasil threshing force (TF). Biji padi yang masih melekat pada malai dari beberapa varietas yang telah dipanen lalu dikeringkan hingga tingkat kadar menjadi sebesar 12% dipersiapkan untuk dilakukan pengujian threshing force (TF). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap 2 Faktorial dengan 3 pengulangan. Faktor pertama adalah varietas padi yang terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu Sintanur, Siliwangi, Pajajaran dan Cakrabuana. Faktor kedua adalah posisi biji yang terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu upper, middle dan basal. Pengujian nilai threshing force (TF) dilakukan pada 12 macam kombinasi perlakuan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) lalu dilanjutkan dengan uji duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) pad tingkat signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa varietas padi memberikan pengaruh hasil yang sangat signifikan terhadap nilai threshing force (TF). Sedangkan posisi biji memberikan pengaruh hasil yang tidak signifikan terhadap nilai Threshing force (TF). Varietas padi yang menghasilkan nilai rata-rata threshing force (TF) paling tinggi adalah padi varietas Cakrabuana yaitu sebesar 0.51 N, disusul dengan varietas Siliwangi sebesar 0,50 N dan varietas padi Sintanur sebesar 0.43 N, sedangkan varietas Pajajaran sebesar 0.35 N. Posisi upper dari biji di batang malai padi menghasilkan rata-rata nilai threshing force (TF) paling rendah yaitu sebesar 0.41 N dibandingkan dengan posisi middle sebesar 0.46 N dan posisi basal sebesar 0.47 N.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Kulit Jeruk Lemon Afkir (Citrus limon (L.) var. Eureka) sebagai Bahan Pembuatan Minyak Asiri
Authors: Permana Andri , Nurjanah Sarifah , Rosalinda S , Nuranjani Farah
Published: September 2023

Jeruk lemon afkir dengan kerusakan ringan sejauh ini hanya dimanfaatkan untuk sari buah lemon, bahkan sebagian besar buahnya dibiarkan menjadi limbah. Padahal pada limbah jeruk lemon sekalipun masih terdapat kandungan esensial yang sangat berlimpah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi dan kondisi optimal pada proses penyulingan kulit jeruk lemon afkir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 faktor, yaitu kondisi bahan, metode penyulingan, dan waktu penyulingan. Parameter minyak asiri yang diamati di antaranya adalah rendemen minyak asiri, komponen senyawa volatil, dan karakteristik fisiko-kimia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kulit jeruk lemon afkir menghasilkan rerata kandungan limonene sebesar 63,8—67,7%. Perlakuan optimal terdapat pada kondisi bahan segar, menggunakan metode penyulingan uap dan air selama 6 jam, dengan rerata rendemen yang dihasilkan sebesar 0,25%, bobot jenis 0,856 g/ml, bilangan asam 2,749 mg KOH/g, serta menghasilkan karakteristik aroma paling mendekati kulit lemon segar.
Memória como força motriz na recuperação de paisagens culturais
Authors:   , Doro Thais
Published: September 2023

Esta pesquisa tem o propósito de analisar o potencial uso da memória como principal
ferramenta na reconstrução de paisagens, em especial aquelas que sofreram com algum
tipo desastre, resultando em uma grande destruição.
A metodologia de pesquisa adota uma abordagem essencialmente qualitativa e
descritiva, constituindo inicialmente o estudo teórico, no qual são levantadas questões sobre
elementos importantes a serem considerados na tomada de decisões, durante o trabalho de
recuperação de paisagens afetadas.
Em seguida, para ilustrar de maneira mais clara, é feita a análise de quatro estudos
de casos, cada qual com cenários distintos, com suas diferentes problemáticas e
complexidades, nos quais a memória em suas várias faces, é componente essencial no
contexto e pode ser um poderoso instrumento a ser explorado no trabalho de recuperação.
Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada uma vasta bibliografia, incluindo artigos
científicos, livros, reportagens, documentários, vídeos e entrevistas, estas em sua maioria
como dados secundários.
Com a análise de conteúdo, associando o estudo teórico com os estudos de caso
selecionados, foram apontados pontos positivos e negativos, discutindo como a escolha
cuidadosa de diretrizes, considerando os elementos discutidos, é essencial em qualquer
trabalho de recuperação e como a memória, incluída nesse processo como força motriz,
pode ser peça chave na contribuição do sucesso do resultado.
Constatou-se ao final deste estudo, que o uso da memória de forma ampla ainda é
pouco explorado na prática, considerando suas possibilidades. Observou-se também que,
apesar de existirem registros interessantes que mostram algumas iniciativas aplicadas em
algum momento dos estudos de caso, os frequentes conflitos e os diferentes interesses
políticos e econômicos existentes, constantemente acabam por desviar a atenção de
componentes importantes para a manutenção ou resgate da identidade de uma
comunidade, afetando significativamente o resultado.
MOTIVAÇÃO NO MÉTODO DE ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM NOS AMBIENTES E-LEARNING
Authors: Narciso Rodi , Meroto Monique Bolonha das Neves , Machado João Carlos , Silva Cristiani Lopes , Rodrigues Elanir Menezes
Published: September 2023

Um dos grandes elementos pertencentes ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem é a motivação. Por meio dela, o professor consegue levar aos seus alunos momentos de curiosidade, paixão e sentimento, acarretando, com isso, a busca por objetivos voltados para a aprendizagem de seus alunos. Tal processo também ocorre quando se fala acerca do ambiente de aprendizagem e learning. Pensando nisso e buscando abrir uma discussão acerca de tal temática, ou seja, da motivação no método de ensino e aprendizagem nos ambientes e-learning, por meio deste estudo, realizar-se-á uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, tendo em vista teorias e conjecturas de autores consagrados na literatura pertinente à temática aqui debatida; busca-se, assim, uma maior abrangência acerca do tema discutido. Por meio desta pesquisa, percebe-se haver múltiplos estudos que confirmam a importância da motivação no método de aprendizagem, visto que ela beneficia de forma significativa todo este processo. Com isso, reforça-se o pensamento de que o docente exibe, neste panorama, um papel como mediador de todo o trajeto educativo, necessitando se mostrar sempre atento às circunstâncias que ocorrem em sua sala de aula, para que, desta forma, consiga criar táticas de ensino que se mostrem mais criativas e diversificadas para desenvolver em seus alunos habilidades e competências por meio da motivação no método de ensino e aprendizagem em ambientes e-learning.
Boas práticas de manejo confinamento.
Authors: Oliveira Otávio Augusto Martins , Bueno Cláudia Peixoto
Published: September 2023

Cuidar bem dos animais é uma tarefa de todos os envolvidos no processo de produção.
O ambiente de criação envolve todos os aspectos do animal, seu espaço (físico e social) e tudo que está inserido neste espaço, incluindo os manejadores. Na prática, os conhecimentos disponíveis sobre a vida dos bovinos têm sido pouco utilizados para a definição da rotina de trabalho nas fazendas, resultando em um manejo inadequado, muitas vezes agressivo.
Alguns fatores que levam a sérios prejuízos na atividade pecuária, como contusões dos animais, diminuição do ganho de peso, queda da performance reprodutiva, baixa resistência a doenças, além de acidentes com funcionários, devem ser minimizados para alcançar bons resultados.
Os objetivos da adequação dos manejos e inserção de boas práticas permite a segurança das pessoas e dos animais e a redução do estresse. O trabalho com gado é uma atividade de risco mas, que pode se tornar segura se os processos forem realizados adequadamente.
Adotar técnicas de manejo menos estressantes para os animais facilita a realização dos procedimentos. Esta é a proposta dos manuais de boas práticas, permitir informações e recomendações para melhorar a rotina dos bovinos, advindos de cruzamentos entre as raças Aberdeen Angus e Nelore, atentando a todas as fases de produção, desde o nascimento até o abate.
Toxic, Ichthyotoxic, Insect-Repellent, and Bee-Attractant Plants Used in the Serra Do AÇOr (Portugal)
Authors: Van de Putte J. Argüello.
Published: September 2023

An ethnobotanical study was carried out in the Portuguese Serra do Açor, situated in the center region of Portugal amid the Serra da Estrela and the Serra da Lousa mountains, between January and June 2003. This work was based on 60 interviews with 30 inhabitants from 12 villages of this mountain chain who were acquainted with the uses of its vegetation. Information about 14 taxa with toxic, ichthyotoxic, insect-repellent, and bee-attractant uses was compiled, including their vernacular names, toxic principles, parts used, and preparations.
A Late Prehistoric Dog Burial Associated with Human Graves in Orange County, California
Authors: Langenwalter Paul E.
Published: September 2023

The aboriginal dog exhumed at CA-Ora-849, a Late Prehistoric camp site in southern Orange County, California, is the only known animal burial from the territory historically occupied by the Juaneno. The specimen was found in association with human burials, a typical occurrence for animal burials in the California culture area. The juvenile canine was placed in its grave in a flexed position, without grave goods. Dog burials in California are interpreted as representing ritualized disposal of deceased pets or the destruction of personal property attendant to the funeral of the animal's owner. Evidence of the dog's diet, a cluster of partly digested rabbit and gopher bones and a deer proximal phalanx, was recovered from the visceral area of the skeleton.
Bāhendayal: Bird Classification in Southern Luri (Iran)
Authors: Anonby Erik John
Published: September 2023

This study is an investigation of specialized knowledge of birds ( bāhendayal) among speakers of the Mamasani dialect of Southern Luri (SL), an Indo-European language with approximately one million speakers in southwestern Iran. The author provides a description of bird physiology and an inventory of cognitive distinctions that speakers use to differentiate bird types. A comprehensive taxonomy of bird knowledge in Southern Luri is presented in a diagram of bird families followed by a semantically organized list of the 84 terms for bird types found in the language, along with the meanings of these terms. Farsi, English, and scientific labels accompany descriptive notes.
Converging Ethnobiology and Ethnobiography: Cultivated Plants, Heinz Brücher, and Nazi Ideology
Authors: Gade Daniel W.
Published: September 2023

The career of Dr. Heinz Brücher (1915–1991), a German-Argentine botanist of my personal acquaintance, demonstrates that while science may be impartial, scientists are not. Deconstructing Brücher's ethnobotanical writings has required also reconstructing a Nazi past to put his life and work in their appropriate historical context. Brücher's role in the theft of Vavilov's plant collections in the Ukraine in 1943 and his research on cultivated plants at an SS center in Austria have relevance for understanding his post-war presence and activities in South America. Analysis of his publications in ethnobotany and economic botany, especially as they relate to the potato and to Vavilov's ideas, are placed in the context of his ethnobiography. This retrospective on a life with plants raises issues about political and social ideology in science and about claims to objective knowledge. It also points to the value of broadening ethnobiology to include more reflexive perspectives.
Ethnobiology in Four Phases
Authors: Hunn Eugene
Published: September 2023

I recognize four phases of ethnobiology: I, II, III, and IV. Ethnobiology I begins well before the formal naming of ethnobiology as a scholarly endeavor at the end of the 19th century. This initial phase has been widely characterized, albeit over simply, as essentially utilitarian. Ethnobiology II was elaborated in the cognitive/linguistic anthropology of the 1960s. Ethnobiology III integrates knowledge with practice, stressing the ecological consequences of knowledge applied to make a living. Ethnobiology IV emphasizes the rights of indigenous peoples to control their traditional knowledge. I elaborate this framework here and consider how these diverse perspectives might be integrated more effectively in the future.
Knowledge and Use of Edible and Medicinal Plants in Two Populations from the Chaco Forest, CÓRdoba Province, Argentina
Authors: Arias Toledo B. , Colantonio S. , Galetto L.
Published: September 2023

We analyze and compare plant knowledge and uses of medicinal and edible plants of two rural communities located in different phytogeographic regions. We hypothesize that there are differences in the number of edible and medicinal plants that people know and use between these communities because of environmental constraints. In addition, because of cultural erosion, we expect to find (a) a higher number of plants that people know as useful in comparison with the number of plants they actually use, and (b) a decrease in the number of useful plants cited when comparing male/female and younger/older categories. Results show a higher range of knowledge of medicinal plants than edible plants, and medicinal use included mainly those used to treat digestive problems. Based on statistical analyses, we present comparisons between the communities, age groups, and genders, and discuss how differences in these regions (e.g., geographic, ecological, cultural, etc.) may explain of the variation in the knowledge on wild useful plants between the communities.
So what are we really talking about? A Corpus Linguistic Analysis of Keywords and Collocations in the »Theologische Quartalsschrift«
Authors: Werner Matthias
Published: September 2023

This article presents a corpus linguistic analysis of the »Theologische Quartalsschrift«, a German journal on theology. The research identifies topics discussed in Catholic Theology by analyzing 81 volumes from 1925 to 2006 (excluding 1945). By filtering the corpus and focusing on nouns, frequent terms are identified, offering insights into central subjects.The study enhances understanding of German Catholic Theology, providing transparency and objective insights in order to provide a clear explanation of Catholic Theology to outsiders, even in secularized contexts.To insiders, this approach enables the discovery of blind spots and fosters discourse in scientific theology by making discussions explicit.Overall, it demonstrates the usefulness of corpus linguistics in studying theological discourse and sheds light on the topics theologians engage with. The analysis contributes to a more informed and constructive dialogue within the field.
A Decade of Research on Origen’s Homilies on the Psalms (Codex Monacensis Graecus 314)
Authors: Alviar José
Published: September 2023

Slightly more than a decade has passed since the momentous discovery in Munich of 29 Greek homilies by Origen on the Psalms. In all this time, the new material has been the object of intense study on the part of scholars. The present article offers a description and classification of the research published to date, identifying the principal avenues of investigation opened by access to Origenistic texts hitherto unknown to modern scholars.
The homily “On fasting” by Rǝtuʿa Haymanot (CAe 6587). Edition and translation
Authors: Krawczuk Marcin
Published: September 2023

This article provides an editio princeps and a translation of a Gǝʿǝz homily, “On fasting” (CAe 6587), attributed to the author known under the pen name Rǝtuʿa Haymanot. The edition is based on two manuscript witnesses from the 14th century: EMML 1763, f. 162r–164r and BritLib Orient. 8192 f. 31v–34r. One can assume that the homily is an indigenous Ethiopian work. The homily focuses on the ethical aspects of Christian fasting and teaches that, in order for the fast to be valid, abstaining from food must be accompanied by proper moral conduct.
The Perspective of Peace or Fear for the Future? An Attempt to Evaluate Christian-Muslim Dialogue
Authors: Kaczmarek Piotr
Published: September 2023

The paper indicates the diagnosis the Christian-Muslim dialogue conducted by the Catholic Church, especially taking into account the indications of the Second Vatican Council. The question arises whether the mutual discourse of the representatives of the two religions is currently giving rise to a perspective of peace, or rather fear for the future? There is no denying that militant Islam accentuates the escalation of violence. These behaviors can give rise to fear and questions about the possibility of coexistence in this world. These events build up the circumstances of our time, which theology must to explain. To examine the wider context, the teaching of Vatican II on dialogue with Islam was recalled, and the teaching and actions of the post-Conciliar popes were recalled. This effort clearly indicated the possibility of cooperation, but also delineated the limits, which the Church must not cross. Therefore, although there is a real opportunity to develop joint projects, there are also significant limitations. Moreover, as practice shows, the Church's benevolent gestures often fall on deaf ears, and it seems that this effort is inadequate to the expected fruits of dialogue. Therefore, the possibility of dialogue can be discovered in Catholic Mariology. The person of Mary can become the reason for Muslims to turn to Christianity, which is shown by certain indications of the piety of the followers of Islam towards Mary. It is also an important premise for the Church to rely less on human action and strategy lined with diplomacy and politics. It is necessary to pray much more for the conversion of Muslims, so that God Himself may do the work of changing the hearts of the followers of Islam.
Perceptions of the Andean condor in the urban population of Ecuador
Authors: Gallo-Viracocha Freddy , Páramo Heredia Sandra , Endara Alexandra , Vicente Riofrío Michael , Montalvo Edith , Sánchez Mateos Roberto
Published: September 2023

The Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) is an emblematic species of the Andes. It is the largest vulture in the world, and it is at the top of the food chain. His image has been present in the memorial of cultures, festivals and beliefs of Andean people and persists until now, as current symbolism of the Andean cultures. In order to evaluate the general data of the Andean condor based on urban population perspectives, surveys were used and distributed over the internet in Ecuador under a socioeconomic classification. The information was analyzed using Chi2 tests and generalized linear models. 726 responses were obtained from people between 18 and 71 years old. All the models generated were reliable. The results show that general information such as recognizing the species, knowing its diet and perceiving that it is an endangered species, is known by the urban population. Unknown aspects of the Andean condor are its size, flight distance and the number of eggs per clutch. The Andean condor has a positive perception as a vulture, and a low percentage considers it a harmful species capable of preying live animals. Variables such as gender, outdoor activities and age proved gaps in the natural history of the Andean condor in some social spaces. We suggest as an alternative to completely cover the gaps, environmental education actions directed to these social spaces.
Factors affecting the choice of vaccination during pregnancy
Authors: Chrysoula Taskou  , Anastasia Bothou  , Aikaterini Lykeridou
Published: September 2023

Maternal immunization has been reviewed and proven to be quite beneficial in reducing sickness in pregnant women and neonates, Nevertheless, such programs have had limited uptake in some countries. Despite the numerous advantages that vaccines bring to humanity, people may harbor anti-vaccine beliefs for a variety of reasons, including a lack of knowledge about vaccines, worry, and fear. The purpose of this literature review was to determine the spectrum of concerns, trust, and access difficulties that influence the choice of vaccination during pregnancy.
What is the latest status of cats' health in Hatay (Türkiye) province following the SARS-COV 2 pandemic? Episode two
Authors: KÖSE Serkan İrfan , SAĞKAN ÖZTÜRK Aliye , UYANIK Gökhan , ERTÜRK Alper , DURGUT Ramazan
Published: September 2023

The current study, as episode two, focused on the latest status of gastrointestinal, urinary tract, and hepatobiliary diseases, which might be induced by stress in cats following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Hatay province in Türkiye. The study looked at post-pandemic (June 2021–June 2022) diagnosis data of cats with gastrointestinal, urinary tract, and hepatobiliary diseases (n: 147), admitted to Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Veterinary Health, Practice, and Research Center. The average age of the cats admitted to the clinic was 33.04 ± 2.77 months in post-pandemic period. The ages of the cats diagnosed with gastrointestinal, urinary tract and hepatobiliary diseases were 27.78 ± 4.33, 38.04 ± 3.95, and 40.12 ± 6.27, respectively. There were no breed and sex difference for diseases diagnosed in post-pandemic duration. Distributions of gastrointestinal, urinary, and hepatobiliary diseases were determined as 51.0%, 37.4%, and 11.6%, respectively. There was no statistical difference between the cat breeds that presented to the clinic in terms of gastrointestinal, urinary, and hepatobiliary diseases. Gastroenteritis (40%), gastritis (17.33%), and unconfirmed and suspected Feline inflammatory bowel disease (13.33%) are more diagnosed digestive system diseases. Cystitis (54.54%) and hemorrhagic cystitis (32.72%) were commonly diagnosed in urinary diseases. Besides, cholangiohepatitis was commonly diagnosed either alone (41.17%) or accompanied by hepatic lipidosis (23.52%) or cholecystitis (17.65%) in cats following the pandemic. Consequentially, although restrictions implemented during the pandemic that caused stress on cats were ended, the chronic impacts of stress seem to be continuing on cats, especially in terms of the gastrointestinal system, following the pandemic.
Il programma scientifico della spedizione
Authors: Gariboldi Leonardo
Published: September 2023

La spedizione polare del 1928 a bordo del dirigibile Italia si caratterizzò per avere allo stesso tempo obiettivi di ordine scientifico e politico. Guidata da un militare italiano, Umberto Nobile, la spedizione doveva mostrare al mondo il posto dell’Italia nella tecnologia del volo e il suo pieno inserimento tra le potenze attive in esplorazioni geografiche. Dal punto di vista scientifico, la novità della spedizione consisteva nell’essere la prima spedizione artica con scopi di ricerca in diversi campi e non semplicemente esplorativi.
KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PIDANA DALAM MEMBERANTAS KEJAHATAN NON-CONSENSUAL PORNOGRAPHY DI INDONESIA
Authors: Usman Alifia Michelle Aisyah , Agustanti Rosalia Dika
Published: September 2023

Di masa pandemi COVID-19 yang dimana hampir segala kegiatan manusia beralih menjadi online ini, platform sosial media menjadi sebuah kekuatan yang sangat besar. Melalui interaksi yang ada di sosial media, pengguna internet dapat menjalin hubungan nyaris tak terbatas serta tanpa dibatasi jarak dan waktu. Akibatnya, dengan segala kegiatan yang dilakukan secara online, kekerasan berbasis gender siber, salah satunya non-consensual pornography meningkat drastis. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan usaha untuk memerangi kasus tersebut. Usaha tersebut dilakukan dengan mengkaji lebih lanjut bagaimana penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana non-consensual pornography. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penanganan dan kebijakan pemerintah dalam memberantas non-consensual pornography. Penlitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, dengan menganalisis data yang sudah ada dan mengkaji data tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini adalah peraturan yang sudah berlaku dinilai belum berperspektif korban dan komprehensif. Aparat penegak hukum juga masih banyak yang kurang kompeten. Maka, pengesahan RUU PKS adalah jalan utama untuk memberikan kepastian hukum dan memberikan keadilan bagi korban.During the COVID-19 pandemic, where almost all human activities have turned online, social media platforms have become a huge force. Through interactions on social media, internet users can establish nearly unlimited relationships without being limited by distance and time. As a result, with all activities carried out online, cyber gender-based violence, one of which is non-consensual pornography, has increased dramatically. Therefore, efforts are needed to combat this case. This effort is carried out by further reviewing how law enforcement is carried out against perpetrators of non-consensual pornography crimes. This article aims to examine the handling and government policies in eradicating non-consensual pornography. This study was structured using normative juridical research method, by analyzing existing data and reviewing these data. The result of this study is that the regulations that have been in force are considered not to have a victim perspective and are comprehensive. There are still many pornography law enforcement officers who are incompetent. Thus, the ratification of RUU PKS is believed to be the main way to provide legal certainty and provide justice for victims.
OPTIMALISASI PEMANFAATAN BARANG MILIK DAERAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH DI KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN
Authors: Zaini S. Moh.
Published: September 2023

Otonomi daerah menuntut daerah untuk semakin mandiri secara keuangan daerah sehingga pemerintah daerah perlu mencari altenatif sumber pendapatan asli daerah lain dengan pemanfaatan Barang Milik Daerah (BMD). BMD yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah yang statusnya menganggur (idle) atau tidak sedang digunakan dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan dan pelayanan publik. Pada kenyataannya, pemanfaatan BMD di daerah berjalan kurang optimal, baik karena data aset yang tidak diperbaharui antara aset yang idle dan aset yang dipakai ataupun karena jenis pemanfaatan yang hanya mengandalkan skema tertentu saja, sedangkan jenis pemanfaatan lainnya walaupun sudah diatur tapi masih jarang sekali dipakai. Optimalisasi pemanfaatan BMD diperlukan untuk membantu peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah dengan berbagai skema pemanfaatan yang ada. Penelitian hukum dengan metode sosiolegal ini bertujuan menemukan kesenjangan antara hukum tertulis dengan pelaksanaanya sehingga kajiannya melibatkan pula data dari Pemerintah Kabupaten Pamekasan yang hampir seluruh hasil pemanfaatannya berasal dari pemanfaatan dalam bentuk sewa, walaupun pemanfaatan dengan skema pemanfaatan lain pernah akan dilakukan namun menemui kendala. Penelitian ini menyarankan optimalisasi kebijakan pemanfaatan BMD yang dituangkan dalam bentuk produk hukum berupa peraturan perundang-undangan untuk mengatasi masalah atau persoalan pemanfaatan BMD.Regional autonomy requires regions to be more financially independent, so regional governments need to look for alternative sources of other regional original income by utilizing Regional Property (or BMD in Indonesian). The BMD that can be used is the idle status or is not being used in the administration of government and public services. In fact, the utilization of BMD in the regions is not optimal, either because asset data is not updated between idle assets and used assets or because the type of utilization only relies on certain schemes, while other types of utilization, although already regulated, are still rarely used. Optimization of the use of BMD is needed to help increase Regional Original Income with various existing utilization schemes. This legal research using the socio-legal method aims to find gaps between written law and its implementation so that the study also involves data from the Pamekasan Regency Government which almost all of the utilization results come from utilization in the form of leases, although utilization with other utilization schemes has been carried out but encounters obstacles. This study suggests optimizing the policy on the utilization of BMD which is outlined in the form of a legal product in the form of legislation to discuss the problems or problems of the use of BMD.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMBELI PROPERTI PERUMAHAN TERHADAP ADANYA PERBEDAAN LUAS OBJEK TANAH YANG ADA DI SERTIPIKAT DENGAN AKTA JUAL BELI YANG DIBUAT OLEH NOTARIS
Authors: Siahaan Dameria Tiodora , Saleh Moh.
Published: September 2023

Pertumbuhan penduduk yang semakin meningkat diikuti kebutuhan pembangunan perumahan yang semakin melonjak. Pengembang merencanakan pembagian luas tanah sesuai program yang akan ditawarkan kepada konsumen dengan luas tanah yang dibuat dalam Perjanjian Jual Beli. Jual beli antara Pengembang dan Konsumen lazimnya dimuat dalam perjanjian, dicatat dan dituangkan dalam bentuk Akta Jual Beli yang dibuat oleh Notaris/PPAT. Permasalahan hukum yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah keabsahan akta yang tidak sesuai dengan akta jual beli dan perlindungan hukum bagi pembeli perumahan. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode pendekatan normatif dan pendekatan kasus, dengan menggunakan peraturan perundang-undangan yang memadukan antara peraturan perundang-undangan terkait dengan analisis kasus yang ada. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisa cara dan kelengkapan keabsahan sertipikat yang tidak sesuai dengan Akta Jual Beli dan Perlindungan Hukum bagi Pembeli Pengembang Perumahan. Sertipikat yang diterbitkan oleh Badan Pertanahan Nasional tidak sesuai dengan akta jual beli mengenai luas tanah, sertipikat tersebut tetap berlaku berdasarkan kewenangan yang dimiliki oleh BPN. Namun, eksposisi penerbitan sertipikat tersebut tidak prosedural, karena tidak melalui beberapa tahapan sesuai dengan hukum positif yang berlaku.The increasing population growth is followed by the increasing need for housing development. The developer plans the distribution of land area according to the program that will be offered to consumers with the land area made in the Sale and Purchase Agreement. The sale and purchase between the Developer and the Consumer is usually contained in an agreement, recorded and stated in the form of a Sale and Purchase Deed made by a Notary/PPAT. The legal issues raised in this study are the validity of the deed that is not in accordance with the deed of sale and purchase and legal protection for housing buyers. The research method uses a normative approach and a case approach, using laws and regulations that combine laws and regulations related to the analysis of existing cases. The results of this study are to analyze the method and completeness of the validity of the certificate that is not in accordance with the Sale and Purchase Deed and Legal Protection for Buyers of Housing Developers. The certificate issued by the National Land Agency is not in accordance with the deed of sale and purchase regarding the land area, the certificate remains valid based on the authority possessed by the BPN. However, the exposition of the certificate issuance was not procedural, because it did not go through several stages in accordance with the applicable positive law.
ASPEK HUKUM PENGADAAN TANAH UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN KAWASAN KAKI SURAMADU SISI MADURA
Authors: Sudahnan Sudahnan , Andayani Isetyowati
Published: September 2023

Kemajuan kawasan kaki Surabaya-Madura terutama dilatarbelakangi oleh tujuan kemerdekaan dengan pembangunan yang melayani kepentingan umum dan memenuhi tuntutan penduduk Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun sekaligus memberikan pelayanan kepada masyarakat. Pelaksanaan pembangunan di segala bidang dan sektor oleh pemerintah Indonesia membutuhkan lahan yang cukup luas sebagai tempat akses pembangunan di segala bidang sedangkan tanah yang ada dan akses langsung untuk pembangunan semakin berkurang sehingga tidak sebanding dengan kebutuhan akan tanah. Kebutuhan akan tanah untuk pembangunan tidak hanya tanah yang dikuasai langsung oleh negara tetapi meliputi pula sejumlah besar tanah yang tidak dikuasai langsung oleh negara. Penelitian ini mengkaji lebih lanjut tentang aspek hukum terhadap pengadaan tanah untuk pengembangan kawasan Madura terutama di Desa Sukolilo Barat, Kecamatan Labang, Kabupaten Bangkalan sebagai pihak yang membutuhkan tanah dan sistem penentuan nilai harga tanah yang ditetapkan oleh tim penilai atas obyek tanah tersebut dari Badan Pengembangan Wilayah Suramadu (BPWS). Penelitian ini bersifat normatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian bertujuan memberikan kejelasan hukum pengadaan tanah demi keperluan publik dan menjadi landasan dalam menetapkan nilai harga tanah bagi masyarakat.The progress of the Surabaya-Madura foot bridge area is mainly motivated by the goal of independence with development that serves the public interest and meets the demands of the Indonesian population from year to year while providing services to the community. The implementation of development in all fields and sectors by the Indonesian government requires a large area of land as a place to access development in all fields, while the existing land and direct access for development are decreasing so that it is not commensurate with the need for land. The need for land for development is not only land that is directly controlled by the state but also includes a large amount of land that is not directly controlled by the state. This study examines further the legal aspects of land acquisition for the development of the Madura area, especially in Sukolilo Barat Village, Labang, Bangkalan as the party who needs the land and the system for determining the value of the land price determined by the appraisal team for the land object from the Suramadu Regional Development Agency (BPWS). This research is normative with a legal and conceptual approach. The results of the study aim to provide legal clarity on land acquisition for public purposes and become the basis for determining the value of land prices for the community.
IMPLEMENTASI HAPUSNYA HAK ATAS TANAH YANG DIBEBANI HAK TANGGUNGAN BERDASARKAN PUTUSAN PENGADILAN
Authors: Wicaksono Hero Satrio , Yuliani Yeni , Rivaldy Muhammad Andhika
Published: September 2023

Pembatalan atas Hak Atas Tanah yang dibebani dengan Hak Tanggungan yang diputus dengan Putusan Pengadilan Negeri berkekuatan hukum tetap menimbulkan akibat hukum terhadap hak kreditor pemegang hak tanggungan. Pembatalan obyek jaminan ini juga berdampak pada kreditor. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini meneliti mengenai kedudukan Sertipikat Hak Tanggungan hak atas tanah yang dijaminkan setelah adanya putusan pengadilan yang membatalkan alas hak atas tanah tersebut serta mengkaji perlindungan hukum terhadap kreditor pemegang hak tanggungan atas hak atas tanah yang alas haknya dinyatakan batal tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam hal alas hak atas tanah yang telah dibebani Hak Tanggungan dibatalkan dengan putusan pengadilan yang berkekuatan hukum tetap, maka dapat mengakibatkan batal dan hapusnya Sertipikat Hak Tanggungan tersebut. Di samping itu, dapat juga dilakukan pengikatan jaminan tambahan berupa jaminan perorangan (Borgtoc Hak Tanggungan) sedangkan untuk perlindungan represif bilamana terjadi kredit bermasalah dapat dilakukan melalui restrukturisasi kredit yang apabila tidak berhasil pun dapat dilanjutkan dengan penyelesaian kredit dengan cara melakukan gugatan ke pengadilan atas dasar wanprestasi dan juga dapat dilakukan oleh bank dengan melakukan hapus buku.The cancellation of Land Rights are encumbered with Mortgage Rights which are decided by a District Court Decision with legal force will still result in legal consequences for the rights of creditors holding mortgage rights. The cancellation of the object of this guarantee also has an impact on creditors. Therefore, this study examines the position of the Mortgage Certificate of land rights that are guaranteed after a court decision cancels the basis of the land rights and examines the legal protection of creditors holding mortgage rights on land whose rights are declared null and void. The research method used is a normative research method with a statutory, conceptual, and case approach. The results of the study indicate that in the event that the base of land rights that have been encumbered with Mortgage Rights is canceled by a court decision with permanent legal force, it can result in the cancellation and cancellation of the Mortgage Certificate. In addition, it can also be done binding additional guarantees in the form of individual guarantees (Borgtoc Hak Mortgage) while for repressive protection in the event of non-performing loans can be done through credit restructuring which if not successful can be continued with credit settlement by filing a lawsuit to the court on the basis of default and Banks can also do this by write-off.
PENERAPAN BANK TANAH DI INDONESIA YANG BERLANDASKAN TEORI KEADILAN BERMARTABAT
Authors: Tejawati Desy Nurkristia
Published: September 2023

Bank Tanah merupakan salah satu sarana manajemen sumber daya yang penting untuk dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dalam pemanfaatan tanah. Penerapan Bank Tanah diharapkan akan mampu membantu Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya mengenai tempat tinggal. Salah satu bentuk terobosan untuk untuk mengatasai persoalan yang berkaitan dengan pengadaan tanah dalam pembangunan yaitu dengan lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja (UUCK), yang didalamnya telah mengamanatkan pembentukan Bank Tanah. Penerapan Bank Tanah di Indonesia harus berlandaskan pada Teori Keadilan Bermartabat, hal tersebut demi mewujudkan tujuan dari teori tersebut yaitu untuk lebih memanusiakan manusia, terutama yang berkaitan dengan pemilik ataupun pemegang hak atas tanah dalam hal pengadaan tanah. Dari latar belakang belakang di atas dapat diuraikan rumusan masalah mengenai penerapan Bank Tanah di Indonesia yang berlandaskan pada Teori Keadilan Bermartabat. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah bentuk penelitian normatif, artinya selain mempelajari isi hukum itu sendiri, juga ditemukan kebenarannya berdasarkan logika ilmiah dari sisi normatif. Penerapan Bank Tanah di Indonesia terutama yang berkaitan dengan penyediaan tanah dalam rangka pembangunan oleh Pemerintah penting untuk berlandaskan pada Teori Keadilan Bermartabat, karena untuk meminimalisir terjadinya ketidaksesuaian akan pemenuhan hak-hak bagi pemegang hak atas tanah.Land Bank is one of the important resource management tools to increase productivity in land use. The implementation of the Land Bank is expected to be able to help Low-Income Communities in meeting their needs regarding housing. One form of breakthrough to overcome problems related to land acquisition in development is the issuance of Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation (UUCK), which has mandated the establishment of a Land Bank. The application of Land Banks in Indonesia must be based on the theory of Dignified Justice, this is in order to realize the purpose of the theory, namely to more humanize humans, especially those related to owners or holders of land rights in terms of land acquisition. From the background above, it can be described the formulation of the problem regarding the application of land banks in Indonesia which is based on the theory of dignified justice. The research used is a form of normative research, it means that apart from studying the contents of the law itself, the truth is also found based on scientific logic from the normative side. The application of land banks in Indonesia, especially those related to the provision of land for development by the Government, is important to be based on the theory of dignified justice, because to minimize the occurrence of inconsistencies in the fulfillment of rights for land rights holders.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ATAS MEREK PRODUK KREATIF STARTUP DENGAN SISTEM PROTOKOL MADRID DALAM PERDAGANGAN ELEKTRONIK
Authors: Widjangkoro Hanung
Published: September 2023

Bisnis rintisan (startup) harus didukung dengan perlindungan hukum yang memadai di bidang Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI) khususnya terkait merek. Proses pendaftaran merek internasional dengan Sistem Protokol Madrid saat ini memberikan keuntungan biaya pendaftaran yang lebih murah, efisien, terpusat dan dapat melindungi dari merek dari serbuan kompetitor dan ancaman pelanggaran merek. Penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai urgensi suatu pendaftaran merek internsioanal bagi produk startup melalui sistem protokol sangat penting adalah demi memberikan perlindungan hukum secara internasional yang maksimal terhadap merek serta bagaimana upaya hukum dalam penyelesaian sengketa terhadap pelanggaran merek pada produk kreatif startup terdaftar melalui Sistem Protokol Madrid dalam perdagangan elektronik. Penelitian hukum normatif ini menganalisa mekanisme tata cara pendaftaran merek regional maupun internasional melalui Sistem Protokol Madrid serta mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa merek internasional yang mengacu pada aturan hukum positif di Indonesia dan TRIPS sehingga tercapai keharmonisan.Startup businesses must be supported by adequate legal protection in the field of intellectual property rights (IPR), especially regarding brands. The process of registering international marks with the Madrid Protokol Sistem currently provides the advantage of registration fees that are cheaper, more efficient, centralized, and can protect brands from attacks by competitors and threats of trademark infringement. This research examines the urgency of an international trademark registration for start-up products through a very important protokol sistem in order to provide maximum international legal protection for brands and how legal remedies are used in resolving disputes against trademark violations on creative start-up products registered through the Madrid protokol sistem in electronic commerce. This normative legal research examines the Madrid Protokol sistem’s mechanism for registering regional and international marks, as well as mechanisms for international trademark dispute resolution that refer to positive law rules in Indonesia and TRIPS to achieve harmony.
TRANSFERRING COPYRIGHT OWNERSHIP OF NFT ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF POSITIVE LAW IN INDONESIA
Authors: Ruhtiani Maya
Published: September 2023

The development of NFT use does not function for the public’s need of objects related to copyright. In general, when someone creating NFT using another person’s work needs approval from the copyright owner. This type of normative juridical research is used as an assessment of the application of positive legal norms or legal rules applied in Indonesia. The results of research on Transferring Copyright Ownership Of NFT (Non-Fungible Tokens) On The Perspective Of Positive Law In Indonesia can be regulated by using the provisions of Article 18 UUHC related to selling-buying outright of copyrighted works which in practice must meet the requirements stated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code concerning the conditions for the validity of the agreement which are the existence of an agreement, parties’ requirement, particular objects, and lawful cause. The transaction of copyrighted works on NFT is not merely a sale and purchase for ordinary works of art, but also includes the rights to a copyrighted work protected by positive law in Indonesia. NFTs are protected under copyright laws and therefore have 2 (two) rights attached: economic and moral. In this regard, changing or distributing as well as modifying actions is included in violating moral rights. Even though the ownership has been transferred, the copyright holder must still be entitled to the economic and moral rights of the creator attached to the NFT.
KEDUDUKAN AKTA NOTARIS YANG PENGHADAPNYA MEMILIKI HUBUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN NOTARIS
Authors: Nur Ivany Nadya , Bambang Sugeng Ariadi Subagyono  , Zachry Vandawati Chumaida
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif, yang membahas mengenai kewenangan notaris membuat akta untuk keluarga. Sebagai aturan umum, notaris tidak dapat membuat akta untuk keluarganya, kecuali dalam kondisi hukum tertentu.Namun kondisi tersebut tidak sepenuhnya dijelaskan dalam ketentuan Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 tentang Jabatan Notaris. Hal ini menimbulkan multitafsir dalam memaknai peraturan tersebut, menghambat terwujudnya kepastian hukum, dan tidak memberikan perlindungan kepada pemilik dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketentuan notaris yang diperbolehkan membuat akta untuk keluarganya dibatasi oleh nuansa umum dalam kondisi tersebut. Selain dalam kondisi itu,notaris dapat dikatakan berpihak karena ia membuat akta untuk kepentingan keluarganya. Apabila notaris melanggar aturan dalam membuat akta untuk keluarganya, maka status otentik dapat turun menjadi akta bawah tangan, selama pihak yang merasa dirugikan dengan keberadaan akta tersebut dapat membuktikannya.
This is a juridical normative study, which aims to explain the authority of notary in making deeds for their own family. As a general rule, notary cannot make deeds for their own family, except under certain legal conditions. However, this condition is not fully explained in the provisions of Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Notary Position. This creates multiple interpretations in interpreting these regulations, hinders the establishment of legal certainty, and does not provide protection to document owners. The results of the study show that the provisions for notary being allowed to make deeds for their family are limited by the general nuances of these conditions. Apart from that, the notary can be said to take sides because they made the deeds for the benefit of their family. If the notary violates the rules in making deed for their family, then the authentic status of the deed can be reduced to a private deed, as long as the party who feels aggrieved by the existence of the deed can prove it.