bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Association Analysis to Detect Collusive Behaviour in Public Tenders
Authors: Ziarko Łukasz
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the conditions required for the application of association analysis in the identification of the collusive behaviour of contractors in public tenders. It also focuses on determining the values of the confidence and lift measures that will describe the rules specific to a tender cartel. Worldwide research has aimed to develop effective and easy‑to‑use screening tests to identify cartel cases in public procurement. The recent research focuses on price (its distribution, variance, range) and classifiers allowing for detection of contractors whose mode of operation deviates from that commonly observed. This study follows the direction of current research. The main results of the study include the confirmation of the applicability of the method for the detection of colluding entities and the determination of the value of the confidence and lift measures specific to cartel cases. The policymakers, law enforcement agencies, contracting authorities and competitors of the cartels can use the proposed method to eliminate or at least to limit the scale of the problem. The main shortcoming of the application of the results is the inability to apply them to cartels pursuing an avoidance strategy. Further research will be conducted to develop a conceptual application of association analysis to all cartel strategies.
Stimmen von einst. Jiddisch in der Literatur Polens
Authors: Grözinger Elvira
Published: January 2021

Ausgehend von dem Postulat, dass die moderne jiddische Literatur, die auf polnischem Boden entstand, Teil der polnischen Literatur ist (Marian Fuks), wird das Verhältnis von vier Dichtern polnischer und jiddischer Sprache – Julian Tuwim, Rajzel Żychlińska, Abraham Sutzkever und Arnold Słucki – zur polnisch- und jiddischsprachigen Literatur und Kultur beleuchtet. Ihre Funktion als Bindeglied und Mittler zwischen den beiden Polen der Literatur Polens war jedoch nicht von Dauer. Während heute in Polen nur noch Tuwim und Słucki als polnische Dichter wahrgenommen werden, sind die jiddisch schreibenden Dichter unbekannt oder vergessen.
Manès Sperbers Weg aus dem „Städtel“ in das Kampfgetümmel der „Weltrevolution“
Authors: Światłowski Zbigniew
Published: January 2021

Im Mittelpunkt der Analyse steht All das Vergangene, die dreibändige Autobiographie Manès Sperbers (1905-1984). Die in ihr beschriebene Entwicklung von der frommen Gesinnung der frühen Lebensjahre zum revolutionären Marxisten (Kommunisten) ist exemplarisch gewesen. Den Verlockungen der marxistischen Ideologie sind zahlreiche Intellektuelle aus aller Herren Ländern erlegen. In besonderer Weise galt das für jüdische Intellektuelle aus Europas Osten, aus den osteuropäischen „Städtels“. Das ist allgemein bekannt. Weniger bekannt sind psychologische und soziologische Voraussetzungen sowie Motivierungen ihrer weltanschaulichen Entscheidungen. Sie sind es aber, die erkennen lassen, warum die Idee der „Weltrevolution“ gerade in dieser Lebenssphäre besonders tiefe Wurzeln schlug. Im Zusammenhang mit der hier umrissenen Problematik besitzen Sperbers Lebenserinnerungen einen unschätzbaren Erkenntniswert. Im ersten Jahrzehnt des vergangenen Jahrhunderts setzt Sperbers Lebensbericht ein, mit dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkrieges klingt er aus, umfasst also vier blutigste, insoweit höchst denkwürdige Dekaden der modernen Geschichte.
Schuldverstrickung und Identitätssuche angesichts der Shoah bei Robert Schindel, Doron Rabinovici und Martin Pollack
Authors: Höllwerth Alexander
Published: January 2021

Um Schuldverstrickungen und Identitätssuche zwischen den Generationen geht es in allen drei Texten, auf die im vorliegenden Artikel genauer eingegangen wird: Robert Schindels Gebürtig (1992), Doron Rabinovicis Suche nach M. (1997) und Martin Pollacks Der Tote im Bunker (2004). Alle drei Autoren gehören der sog. ‚zweiten Generation‘ nach der Shoah an: Robert Schindel (geb. 1944) und Doron Rabinovici (geb. 1961) sind Nachgeborene von Opfern der Shoah, Martin Pollack (geb. 1944) ist der Sohn eines NS-Verbrechers. Alle drei Autoren positionieren sich innerhalb der österreichischen Literatur nicht zuletzt dadurch, dass sie einen Beitrag zur Aufarbeitung der österreichischen Beteiligung am Verbrechen der Judenvernichtung zu leisten versuchen.
Bedeutungsbildung zwischen textuellem Angebot und individuellem Rezeptionshorizont: Janusz Głowackis „Antygona w Nowym Jorku” („Antigone in New York”) – polnisch, englisch und deutsch
Authors: Schultze Brigitte
Published: January 2021

Dieser Beitrag gilt dem bislang erfolgreichsten Theaterstück von Janusz Głowacki – Antygona w Nowym Jorku (Antigone in New York). Die 1992 erstmals gedruckte, in viele Sprachen übersetzte und in vielen Ländern gespielte Tragikomödie enthält ein breites Angebot zur Schaffung von theatralem Sinn: Neben Bezügen zur Tragödie des Sophokles stehen kohärente aktuelle Themen wie Migration, Obdachlosigkeit, Exzesse der Konsumgesellschaft u. a. Die drei hier miteinander verglichenen Versionen des Stücks, die polnische, englische und deutsche, weisen eine bemerkenswerte Diversifizierung auf. Unterschiede in der Rezeption des Stückes sind dabei nicht allein durch Änderungen am Text, sondern auch durch die persönlichen, subjektiven Bedingungen der Leser und Theaterbesucher (allgemeine kulturelle Kompetenz, Herkunftsland etc.) und auch durch politische Veränderungen im 21. Jhd. gegeben.
Zum Bedarf an onomasiologischen Wörterbüchern in der zweisprachigen Phraseographie am Beispiel des Deutschen und Polnischen
Authors: Guławska-Gawkowska Małgorzata
Published: January 2021

Dieser Beitrag ist ein Plädoyer für eine zweisprachige onomasiologische Lexikographie, die besonders Übersetzern bei ihrer Arbeit hilfreich sein kann. Darüber hinaus bietet der Artikel einen Überblick über einsprachige deutsche und polnische Wörterbücher, die wenigstens zum Teil onomasiologisch sind. Auch die wissenschaftliche Literatur zu theoretischen Aspekten solcher Lexika wird analysiert. Zum Schluss werden praktische Lösungsmöglichkeiten skizziert und die ‚Clustering‘-Technik, die auf der Gruppierung von Phraseologismen unter Leitbegriffe basiert, am Beispiel des Konzeptes ‚Übertreibung‘ in beiden Sprachen dargestellt.
Multikulturalität und Interkulturalität als Themen des deutschsprachigen Literaturunterrichts in Polen
Authors: Turkowska Ewa
Published: January 2021

Im Artikel wird die Wichtigkeit der multikulturellen und interkulturellen Problematik im literarischen Bildungsprozess hervorgehoben. Zuerst werden Gründe für die Berücksichtigung dieser Thematik im deutschsprachigen Literaturunterricht erwähnt. Im Weiteren werden 4 Themenkreise genannt, die für polnische Verhältnisse relevant sind und Kriterien für die Auswahl der Texte für den Unterricht präsentiert. Im Hauptteil des Artikels werden mehrere Lektüren für die Unterrichtsarbeit vorgeschlagen und ihre didaktischen Vorteile besprochen.
SLIS Director's Report
Authors: Welsh Teresa S.
Published: January 2021

News and updates from Southern Miss School of Library and Information Science Director, Dr. Teresa Welsh.
Exploring Data Mining Research in West Africa: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Oladimeji Oladosu O. , Oladimeji Olayanju O.
Published: January 2021

This research paper's main objective is to quantify and analyze the research output of data mining in West Africa, including (1) growth in publications as measured by the Relative Growth Rate (RGR) and Doubling Time (Dt), (2) productivity and quantiﬁcation of research output for different institutions of the region (West Africa).
RELEITURA DE PINTURAS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: UMA ANÁLISE SEMIÓTICA
Authors: Lima Leal Amanda Gabriella , Pinheiro Porto Ana Jackelline
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise semiótica de duas releituras de pinturas renomadas (“Mona Lisa”, de Leonardo da Vinci e “O Grito”, de Edvard Munch), produzidas por alunos do 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental, do colégio Marista da cidade de São Paulo, tendo como temática principal a adaptação da produção artística ao contexto da pandemia mundial por covid-19, ocasionada pelo novo coronavírus. A análise teve como aporte teórico e metodológico a tríade de categorias propostas por Charles Sanders Peirce: Primeiridade, Secundidade e Terceiridade. Tais categorias peirceanas nos proporcionam uma melhor análise dos níveis de interpretação e atribuição de sentido pelos quais a mente humana atravessa ao ler as imagens. Em vista disso, para realização de nossas análises, nos apoiamos nas elaborações de Peirce (2005 apud Melo e Melo, 2013), Nicolau, M.; Abath; Laranjeira; Moscoso; Marinho V. Nicolau (2010), Santaella (2005), Borges Gomes; Barbosa; Lima e Pereira Gomes (2019), entre outros teóricos. Assim, propomos, através de uma análise interpretativa, adentrar as camadas de interpretação e explorar os sentidos que podem ser atribuídos às imagens produzidas pelos alunos.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DA NARRATIVA “UMA VIAGEM AO INFERNO”, DE BERILO NEVES, PELOS PRESSUPOSTOS DA TEORIA DO CONTO, EM EDGAR ALLAN POE
Authors: Silva de Lima Cleane da , Silva de Lima Luzimar
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo analisa a unidade de efeito no conto “Uma viagem ao inferno”, de Berilo Neves na perspectiva da Teoria do conto, de Edgar Allan Poe. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método hipotético-dedutivo com pesquisas bibliográficas, tendo como teóricos basilares Poe (2011), Cortázar (2006) e Gotlib (1990), os quais estudam a estrutura do conto enquanto texto, criação, valor e estética. Desse modo, a construção do conto gira em torno dos assuntos instigantes sobre o inferno e a conotação do referido lugar por meio da intenção do conto em gerar o máximo de efeito em seu leitor, afirmando o valor estético e criativo da narrativa.
THE OBLIGATION OF NOTARY TO REPORT SUSPICIOUS FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS BASED ON THE VALUE OF THE TRANSACTION
Authors: Fadila Ilham Zain , Sugiri Bambang , Wisnuwardhani Diah Aju
Published: January 2021

Government makes various efforts to prevent the crime of money laundering. One of them is to encourage some parties to participate in supervising the suspicious financial transaction. In its practice, this triggers juridical problem such as verification and monitoring policies of financial transaction on the service users by the notaries. This research aims to describe the notary’s criteria and legal responsibilities on the suspicious transaction. This article is based on the doctrinal legal research with statute and conceptual approaches. The research result shows that the criteria of suspicious financial transaction have been set in Indonesian legislation. The notary has legal responsibility to identify and verify the service users of authentic deed issue in implementing precautionary principles. This responsibility is accompanied by administrative sanction which is in line with the Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights No. 9 of 2017, concerning the Implementation of Knowing Your Customer Principles for the Notary.Pemerintah melakukan berbagai upaya mencegah terjadinya tindak pidana pencucian uang. Salah satunya, mendorong berbagai pihak untuk turut serta mengawasi terjadinya traksaksi keuangan yang mencurigakan. Dalam pelaksanaannya, upaya ini menimbulkan problem yuridis. Seperti kebijakan verifikasi dan pemantauan transaksi keuangan pengguna jasa oleh notaris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kriteria dan tanggung jawab hukum notaris terhadap terjadinya transaksi keuangan mencurigakan. Artikel ini berdasarkan penelitian hukum doktrinal, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kriteria transaksi keuangan menurigakan sudah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Notaris memiliki tanggung jawab hukum untuk mengidentifikasi dan memverifikasi pengguna jasa pembuatan akta autentik dalam rangka penerapan prinsip kehati-hatian. Tanggung jawab ini disertai sanksi administrasi sesuai Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 9 tahun 2017 tentang Penerapan Prinsip Mengenali Pengguna Jasa Bagi Notaris.
Topography of lymph nodes around the right main bronchus
Authors: Fedulov O. I. , Maslyakov V. V.
Published: January 2021

The study is based on the study of 30 organ complexes from the human thoracic cavity, distributed into 5 age groups with 10-year interval, 6 observations in each group: 1st age group – 20–30 years, 2nd age group – 31–40 years, 3rd age group – 41–50 years, 4th age group – 51–60 years, 5th age group – 61–70 years. All medications were taken from people without heart and lung pathology at forensic autopsy according to the generally accepted method. Based on the results obtained, topographic features of lymph nodes location around the right main bronchus are given, which is of practical interest.
On the issue of telocytes of skin
Authors: Tcibulevsky A. Yu.
Published: January 2021

This manuscript is devoted to the description of a new population of interstitial cells – telocytes discovered by L.M. Popescu and M.S. Faussone-Pellegrini. Later telocytes were found in the dermis, where they perform an important metabolic function and maintain homeostasis. Telocytes are small cells with a large elongated nucleus and a small amount of cytoplasm, which contains long cellular prolongations made of thin (podomeres, 40–100 nm) and thick (pods, 200–500 nm) segments – telopodes. Based on the results of morphological studies, it was possible to reliably differentiate telocytes from fibroblasts. During immunostaining they express CD34 and PDGFRα. Nevertheless, despite the numerous studies carried out regarding the role of telocytes, their function in the skin remains unclear and requires further investigations.
Application of "LitAr" material in glaucoma surgery in children and adults
Authors: Troyanovsky R. L. , Solonina S. N. , Malinovskaya N. A. , Baranov A. V. , Litvinov S. D. , Golovin A. S. , Kleshchev M. A. , Mednikov S. N. , Sineok E. V.
Published: January 2021

The success of surgical treatment of glaucoma, stabilization and preservation of visual functions are fundamentally dependent on the steady normalization of the eye hydrodynamics. The problem of refractory, resistant to glaucoma treatment in children and adults, including congenital glaucoma, remains extremely urgent. The article presents the results of glaucoma treatment, including refractory and buffalma glaucoma, using polymer-salt material "LitAr". The proposed composite proved to be useful both for planned application and in case of buftalma to provide fast remission and improvement of vision. An important fact is that the polymer-salt material "LitAr" has been successfully used both in primary operations and corrective interventions in patients with resistant to treatment glaucoma.
Covered perforative ulcer of the duodenum with a clinical picture of acute pan-creatitis
Authors: Styazhkina S. N. , Matusevich A. E. , Korniliev M. V. , Babenko E. V.
Published: January 2021

This article is an analysis of a clinical case dedicated to the clinical manifestations and course of a covered duodenal perforative ulcer with a clinical picture of acute pancreatitis.
The effect of demographic factors on behavioral biases
Authors: Beatrice Vania , Murhadi Werner R. , Herlambang Arif
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of demographic factors such as gender, age, education, occupation, income, and investment experience on investor behavior bias such as overconfidence bias, disposition effects, herding bias, and mental accounting. This type of research was causal research with a quantitative approach, and the analytical method used was the analysis of SEM (structural equation modeling). This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to investors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with a minimum age of 17 years. The results showed that overconfidence bias was influenced by investment experience while disposition effect was influenced by age, income level, and investment experience. Herding bias was influenced by age and occupation while mental accounting was influenced by income level.
Analysis of the error of approximation of two-layer difference schemes for the Korteweg de Vries equation
Authors: Bykovskaya Elena Nikolaevna , Shapranov Alexander Viktorovich , Mazhukin Vladimir Ivanovich
Published: January 2021

A family of weighted two-layer finite-difference schemes is presented. Using the example of the numerical solution of model problems on the propagation of a single soliton and the interaction of two solitons, the high quality of explicit-implicit schemes of the Crank-Nichols type with a weight parameter of 0.5 and a second order of approximation in the time and space variables is shown. Absolute stability with a low accuracy of the solution due to a large approximation error is characteristic of completely implicit two-layer difference schemes with a weight parameter of 1, first order in time and second in space. A family of explicitly implicit difference schemes is absolutely unstable if the explicitness parameter less than 0.5 prevails. Analysis of the structure of the approximation error, performed using the modified equation method, confirmed the results of numerical simulation.
TINDAK TUTUR REPRESENTATIF DALAM ANTOLOGI NASKAH DRAMA SARAPAN TERAKHIR
Authors: Wijayanti Marita wijayanti , Tajuddin Shafruddin , Anwar Miftahulkhairah
Published: January 2021

This research aims to describe representative speech act in the antology of drama script “Sarapan Terakhir”. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The object of this research is representative speech act in the antology of drama script “Sarapan Terakhir”. The data source of this research is the speeches of the characters in the antology of drama script “Sarapan Terakhir”. Data collection techniques used in this study are library techniques, namely reading, listening, recording, and analyzing. Based on the results of the study, there were a number of representative speech acts from three drama texts in the antology of drama script “Sarapan Terakhir” Based on the results of the study, showed that the representative speech act stating there are 78 data, most widely used in the antology of drama script “Sarapan Terakhir”. Second, followed by a representative speech act sugesting there are 75 data. Third, representative speech acts reported 51 data. Fourth, representative speech acts complaining that there are 50 data, Fifth, representative speech acts claim 46 data. Sixth, representative speech acts boasting there are 9 data.
Desain Penguatan Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di MI NU Miftahul Ulum Loram Kulon Jati Kudus
Authors: Zuhri Achmad , Aflah Khusnul
Published: January 2021

This study aims to describe the design of strengthening the learning of Arabic in MI NUMiftahul Ulum Loram Kulon Jati Kudus, one of the Islamic elementary schoolthat integrates the Ministry of Religion curriculum with the local curriculum, and is the only Islamic elementary school that still maintains salafi subjects. The researcher uses a qualitative case study type method, which is one type of research in which the researcher explores in depth the research object. Data collected by interview, observation and documentation, then the data are analyzed by means of reduction, presentation of data, drawing conclusions and verification. The results showed that the design of strengthening learning Arabic by collaborating with local subjects such as BTA in the lower classes, nahwu and shorof in the upper classes. With such a model students will easily understand Arabic material, and be able to analyze and present it with appropriate language rules.
Pemanfaatan “Vlog” Sebagai Media Pembelajaran dalam Meningkatkan Maharah Kalam bagi Mahasiswa IAIN Kudus
Authors: Muthmainnah Muthmainnah , Annas Azwar
Published: January 2021

Seiring perkembangan zaman yang serba digital, maka media pembelajaran pun menyesuaikan keadaan tersebut. Vlog salah satu media sosial sekarang menjadi tren yang berkembang di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Media sosial ini kalau dikemas secara apik juga bisa menjadi suatu media pembelajaran yang sangat menarik dan memberikan nilai plus dalam meningkatkan kemampuan mahasiswa. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan penggunaan media sosial Vlog pada pembelajaran maharah kalam dan persepsi mahasiswa dalam penggunaan Vlog pada pembelajaran maharah kalam. Metodologi yang digunakan penulis dalam artikel adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Jenis ini disesuaikan dengan tujuan penulisan artikel, yakni untuk memberikan informasi dan gambaran terkait objek. Lokus kajian artikel ini adalah  mahasiswa Fakultas Dakwah IAIN Kudus semester Ganjil TA 2019-2020. Hasil temuan yang didapat oleh penulis dari kajian ini; 1) Pemilihan Vlog sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran maharah kalam bagi mahasiswa karena memiliki banyak nilai positif atau kelebihan, yakni bersifat mudah dan fleksibel; murah dan ekonomis; dan meningatkan kreatifitas mahasiswa. 2) penggunaan Vlog mampu meningkatkan perfomansi atau percaya diri dalam berbicara bahasa Arab.
Derivative Analysis of Value Added to Stock Returns at Jakarta Islamic Index
Authors: Hasyim Fuad , Ardityasari Resyta Aulia
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of value added derivative such as economic value added (EVA), market value added (MVA) and refined economic value added (REVA) on stock return with stock price as an intervening variable. The object of this study are all Islamic stocks listed in the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) in the period 2014-2019. This study using purposive sampling method and obtained by 11 companies. Data processing using panel regression with common, fixed and random modelling approach. The results show that economic value added  (EVA) has no effect either on stock prices or stock returns, market value added (MVA) affects the stock price and stock return, while refined economic value added (REVA) has no effect on both. Then, stock prices are only able to mediate the effect of market value added (MVA) on stock return.
Cross-Cultural Counseling as an Effective and Efficient Approach for Students
Authors: Masturin Masturin
Published: January 2021

This research aims to produce an effective and efficient, participatory, creative, and fun learning process. The learning strategy is also a plan that contains a series of activities designed to achieve certain educational goals and as a starting point or point of view towards the learning process. The term approach refers to the view on occurrence of a process which is still very general in nature. Therefore, the strategies, approaches and learning methods used can be sources or depend on certain approaches. Two approaches are often used to learning, namely the teacher-centered approach and the student-centered approach. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach, taking primary and secondary data sources by interviewing, observing, documenting, the analyzing and testing the data with transferability, dependability, and confirmability.  The result of this study indicate that learning with a cross-cultural counseling approach is very effective and efficient for the success of students in learning process because there is no difference between them and what happens is mutual understanding of culture, mutual assistance, tolerance, and understanding of each other’s interests.
The Effectiveness of Virtual Counseling during the COVID-19 Pandemic; Counseling Virtual Study and Carbon Footprint Calculation
Authors: Ismail Amrizarois , Rohman Isa Aulia , Fiana Anis Lud , Maullasari Sri
Published: January 2021

During the still growing pandemic, the government immediately began to call for a social restriction policy to tackle transmission. It also impacts the health counseling model. Before the pandemic, health counseling was generally carried out face-to-face (physical) which required mobility of both the counselor and the counselee, resulting in a large use of energy in the process which in turn had an impact on environmental degradation. The energy used will be converted into exhaust gas which is known as Greenhouse Gas Emissions. This study investigated how effective virtual counseling is, both from the results (clients can access health services) and from the energy use side. The research method was a combination of qualitative and quantitative or what is called the Mix Method. The approach used the counseling results-based approach and the carbon footprint calculation approach. The results obtained the difference in the number of counselors that could be counseled from face-to-face and virtual counselingcomparing the results of energy use from face-to-face counseling and virtual counseling.
Mass-transport deposits and the onset of wedge-top basin development: An example from the Dinaric Foreland Basin, Croatia
Authors: Gobo Katarina , Mrinjek Ervin , Ćosović Vlasta
Published: January 2021

Mass-transport deposits (MTDs) represent resedimentation phenomena triggered by the combined effect of seismic shocks of regional scale, structural tilting, basin-floor gradient, relative sea-level fluctuations, and/or excess pore-water pressure and can be useful in the reconstruction of basin development dynamics. The present study from the Dinaric Foreland Basin in Croatia documents several limestone blocks (olistoliths), carbonate debris, and associated bipartite carbonate megabeds as MTDs of exotic origin encased in deep neritic hyperpycnites, referred to as host deposits. Detailed facies and micropaleontological analyses indicate that host deposits were sourced from a fluvio-deltaic system located in the proximity of the uplifting orogen, while the MTDs originated from gravitational collapses of late Ypresian and early Lutetian limestones that were uplifted on blind-thrust anticline ridges on the opposite side of the basin. Mass wasting-produced carbonate blocks, debris, and gravity flows were probably triggered concurrently during the middle to late Eocene, but the blocks could have travelled faster downslope due to the lubricating effect of the underlying water “cushion,” overpressured mud, and the pull of gravity. Debrisflows and co-genetic turbidity currents that contributed to the formation of bipartite megabeds were likely mobilized deeper and moved slower than the carbonate blocks and could have been partly deflected by the previously emplaced olistoliths, resulting in megabed thinning along the olistoliths' down-dip edges. Those collapses were most likely triggered by the combined effect of relative sea-level changes associated with tectonic activity and seismic shocks of regional scale. The study suggests that progressive uplift of the frontal blind-thrust anticline ridge resulted in episodic emergence and collapses of progressively older limestone units, and marked the onset of development of the wedge-top basin. Conceptual models of olistolith emplacement and onset of basin development are suggested and may be applicable to both ancient and recent settings. The insights obtained from the integration of detailed facies analysis and micropaleontology may be useful in similar areas where such a level of detail cannot be obtained by conventional field methods.
Probabilistic Decline Curve Analysis in the Permian Basin using Bayesian and Approximate Bayesian Inference
Authors: Korde Anand , Goddard Scott D. , Awoleke Obadare O.
Published: January 2021

In this work, a probabilistic methodology for decline curve analysis (DCA) in unconventional reservoirs is presented using several Bayesian model-fitting algorithms and deterministic models. The deterministic models considered are the power law exponential (PLE) model, the stretched exponential production decline (SEPD) model, Duong’s model, and the logistic growth analysis (LGA) model. Accurate production forecasting and uncertainty quantification were the primary objectives of this study.

The Bayesian inferencing techniques described in this work utilize three sampling vehicles, namely the Gibbs sampling (implemented in OpenBUGS, an open-source software), the Metropolis-Hastings (MH) algorithm, and approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) to sample parameter values from their posterior distributions. These different sampling algorithms are applied in conjunction with DCA models to estimate DCA parameter prediction intervals. Using these prediction levels, production is forecasted, and uncertainty bounds are established.

To examine its reliability, the methodology was tested on over 74 oil and gas wells located in the three main subplays of the Permian Basin, namely, the Delaware play, the Central Basin Platform, and the Midland play. Results show that the examined DCA-Bayesian models are well calibrated, result in low production errors, and narrow uncertainty bounds for the production history data sets. Also, the LGA model is best in terms of prediction errors for all algorithms except MH. The Gibbs algorithm is nearly the best algorithm in terms of prediction error for all DCA models except the Arps model. Prediction errors are the highest in the Central Basin Platform. The methodology was also successfully applied to unconventional reservoirs with as low as six months of available production history. Depending on the amount of production history data available, the probabilistic model that provides the best fit can vary. It is therefore recommended that all possible combinations of the deterministic and Bayesian model-fitting algorithms be applied to the available production history. This is to obtain more confidence in the conclusions related to the production forecasts, reserves estimate, and uncertainty bounds.

The novelty of this methodology relies on using multiple combinations of DCA-Bayesian models to achieve accurate reserves estimates and narrow uncertainty bounds. This paper can help assess shale plays because some of the shale plays are in the early stages of development when productivity estimations are carried out.
Treatment of COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Hui , Deng Min , Wang Jie , Ma Lin , Yang Zheng
Published: January 2021

Background There is an urgent need for an effective treatment to cure patients with COVID-19 and reduce the duration of viral shedding. Methods We conducted a retrospective study using data from the electronic medical records of patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were hospitalized in the E1-4 intensive care center of Guanggu Hospital, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, from February 11, 2020, to March 23, 2020. According to the diagnostic results, the hospitalized patients were divided into the experimental group treated with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) or chloroquine (CQ) and the control group only treated with conventional therapy without HCQ or CQ. The main outcome was the clearance rate of SARS-CoV-2. Results A total of 37 patients were evaluated. Eighteen patients were assigned to the HCQ or CQ group, and 19 were assigned to the routine treatment group. Treatment with HCQ or CQ was not associated with a difference from routine treatment in the viral shedding duration (median, 14 days vs. 10 days; hazard ratio for viral shedding, 0.393; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.151 to 1.022; P=0.056). No significant difference in the viral shedding rate was observed between the groups at any time point (7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days and the end point). Conclusion Although this is a retrospective analysis, the results suggest that treatment with HCQ or CQ had no impact on the duration of viral shedding.
Possible Involvement of Up-regulated Salt Dependent Glucose Transporter-5 (SGLT5) in High-fructose Diet-induced Hypertension
Authors: Hara Hiroaki , Takayanagi Kaori , Shimizu Taisuke , Iwashita Takatsugu , Ikari Akira , Hasegawa Hajime
Published: January 2021

Excessive fructose intake causes a variety of adverse conditions (e.g., obesity, hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance and uric acid overproduction). Particularly, high fructose-induced hypertension is the most common and significant pathological setting, however, its underlying mechanisms are not established. We investigated these mechanisms in 7-week-old male SD rats fed a diet containing 60% glucose (GLU) or 60% fructose (FRU) for 3, 6, or 12 weeks. Daily food consumption was measured to avoid between-group discrepancies in caloric/salt intake, adjusting for feeding amounts. The FRU rats' mean blood pressure was significantly higher and fractional sodium excretion (FENa) was significantly lower, indicating that the high-fructose diet caused salt retention. The FRU rats' kidney weight and glomerular surface area were greater, suggesting that the high-fructose diet induced an increase in extracellular fluid volume. The GLUT5 and ketohexokinase expressions, an enzyme required for fructose metabolism, were up-regulated in FRU. Cortical ATP levels were significantly lower in FRU, which might indicate ATP consumption due to fructose metabolism. Unlike previous reports, the high-fructose diet did not affect NHE3 expression. A gene chip analysis conducted to identify susceptible molecules revealed that only Slc5a10 (corresponding to SGLT5) in FRU showed >2-fold up-regulation versus GLU. RT-PCR and in situ hybridization confirmed the SGLT5 up-regulation. Our findings may indicate that the high-fructose diet increased sodium reabsorption principally through up-regulated SGLT5, finally causing salt-sensitive hypertension.
Fear of Childbirth and Depressive Symptoms Among Pregnant Women: A Cross-sectional Survey in Tanzania
Authors: Massae Agnes , Svanberg Agneta , Larsson Margareta , Pembe Andrea , Leshabari Sebalda , Mbekenga Columba
Published: January 2021

Background: Many women experience fear of childbirth (FoB) and depressive symptoms (DS) during pregnancy, but little is known about FoB among Tanzanian women. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of FoB and DS among pregnant women and determine predictors of each and both, focusing on sociodemographic and obstetric predictors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at six health facilities in two districts in Tanzania between 2018 and 2019. In total, 694 pregnant women with gestational age between 32 and 40 weeks and expecting vaginal delivery were consecutively recruited and assessed for FoB and DS. We collected data through interviews using the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire Version A and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. We performed multivariable logistic regression to investigate the predictors of FoB and DS. Results: The prevalence rates of FoB and DS among pregnant women were 15.1% and 17.7%, respectively. FoB and DS were more likely in women aged above 30 years (AOR 6.29, 95% CI 1.43–27.84) and in single mothers (AOR 2.57, 95% CI 1.14–5.78). Women with secondary education and above and those who had given birth previously were less likely to have FoB (AOR 0.22, 95%CI 0.05–0.99) and DS (AOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.01–0.87). Women who had previous obstetric complications, and those who did not receive any social support from male partners in previous childbirth were more likely to have FoB and DS. FoB was strongly associated with DS (AOR 3.42, 95% CI 21.20–5.53). DS only was more common in women who had inadequate income (AOR 2.35, 95% CI 1.38–3.99) or had previously experienced a perineal tear (AOR 2.32, 95% CI 1.31–4.08).Conclusions: Not having a formal education, having only primary education, being aged above 30 years, being single, being nulliparous, having experienced obstetric complications, and having a lack of social support from a male partner during previous pregnancy and childbirth were predictors of FoB and DS during pregnancy. FoB and DS were strongly associated with each other. It is vital to identify at-risk women early, to offer support during pregnancy and childbirth.
Endoscopic Urethrotomy Vs Open Urethroplasty for Men With Bulbar Urethral Stricture: The Open Randomised Trial Cost-Effectiveness Analysis 
Authors: Shen Jing , Vale Luke , Goulao Beatriz , Whybrow Paul , Payne Stephen , Watkin Nick
Published: January 2021

Background: Bulbar urethral stricture is a common cause for urinary symptoms in men and its two main treatment options both have drawbacks with little evidence on their relative cost-effectiveness. Current guidelines on the management of recurrent bulbar urethral stricture have been predominantly based on expert opinion and panel consensus.Objective: To assess the relative cost-effectiveness of open urethroplasty and endoscopic urethrotomy as treatment for recurrent urethral stricture in men.Methods: Set in the UK National Health Service with recruitment from 38 hospital sites, a randomised controlled trial of open urethroplasty and endoscopic urethrotomy with 6-monthly follow-up over 24 months was conducted. Two hundred and twenty-two men requiring operative treatment for recurrence of bulbar urethral stricture and having had at least one previous intervention for stricture were recruited. Effectiveness was measured by quality- adjusted life years (QALYs) derived from EQ-5D 5L. Cost-effectiveness was measured by the incremental cost per QALY gained over 24 months using a within trial analysis and a Markov model with a 10-year time horizon. Results: In the within trial, urethroplasty cost on average more than urethrotomy (cost difference: £2148 [95% CI: 689, 3606]) and resulted in a similar number of QALYs on average (QALY difference: -0.01 [95% CI: -0.17, 0.14)] over 24 months. The Markov model produced similar results. Sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation, suggested that the results were robust, despite observed missing data.Conclusions: Based on current practice and evidence, urethrotomy is a cost-effective treatment compared with urethroplasty. Trial registration: ISRCTN: 98009168 (date: 29 November 2012) and it is also in the UK NIHR Portfolio (reference 13507).
Introducing Patient Reported Measures (PRMs) Into Finnish Public Maternity Service: A Study on Professionals’ Views
Authors: Chen An , Väyrynen Kirsi , Leskelä Riikka-Leena , Heinonen Seppo , Lillrank Paul , Tekay Aydin , Torkki Paulus
Published: January 2021

Background: The importance and potential benefits of introducing patient reported measures (PRMs) into health care service have been widely acknowledged, yet the experience regarding their implementation into practice is limited. There is a considerable paucity of research in adopting PRMs in maternity care. This study, which utilizes the PRMs included in Pregnancy and Childbirth (PCB) outcome set developed by International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) as sample measures, aims to elicit Finnish professionals’ views on PRMs and to explore the applicability of PRMs in Finnish public maternity care. Methods: This qualitative study, applying semi-structured interviews, is designed to describe the local professionals’ views towards the application of PRMs in Finnish public maternity care. Professionals were asked to assess the PRMs defined in ICHOM PCB set and provide their expectations and concerns on the implementation of PRMs in Finnish public maternity service. Results: Twenty professionals participated in the interviews. Participants agreed on the importance and relevance of the PRMs questions included in ICHOM PCB set for delivering and developing maternity care in Finland. However, they criticized the number and length of questions as well as the recommended time points of data collection. In addition, for a successful implementation, various steps like developing suitable questions, redesigning service pathway and protocols, and motivating patients were considered to be important. Also, some potential obstacles, difficulties and risks associated with the implementation were underlined. Conclusion: This study indicates that the implementation of PRMs into Finnish public maternity service is possible, highly relevant and important. However, the adoption of PRMs into routine practice may be challenging and will require a series of efforts. This study shows viewpoints from Finnish professionals who have not participated in developing the ICHOM PCB standard set and provides important insights on the development and implementation of PRMs.
The Combination of Shear Wave Elastography and Elf Test in a Single Score Improves the Diagnostic Specificity for Liver Fibrosis Prediction
Authors: Liuzzi Raffaele , Ragucci Monica , Mirabelli Peppino , Megna Angelo , Luca Massimo De , Marsilia Giuseppina Marino , Nardone Gerardo , Coccoli Pietro , Vergara Emilia , Incoronato Mariarosaria , Salvatore Marco , Mancini Marcello
Published: January 2021

Background. Chronic liver diseases (CHDs) are an important public health issue. The presence of significant fibrosis is a hallmark for liver disease staging and prognosis. Aims. To develop a non-invasive score that can discriminate between patients with or without fibrosis in the aim to avoid liver biopsy.Methods. Forty patients with CHDs who received liver biopsy to stage fibrosis and 12 normal subjects performed also share wave elastography (SWE) and ELF-test. We chose two different outcome for histological fibrosis (F0-F1 vs F2-F4) and (F0-F2 vs F3-F4). ELF-test and SWE were independent predictors, categorized using ROC analysis. Two scores called SCORE1 and SCORE2 were devised.Results. The discriminatory values for SCORE1 were SWE>5.62 kPa and ELF-test >9.33 and for SCORE2 were SWE>7.04 kPa and ELF-test 9.33. SCORE1 specificity was 91.7% (CI 77.5-98.2%), significatively greater than obtained using SWE 63.9% (CI 46.2-79.2%; p=0.0013) or ELF-test 83.3% (CI 67.2-93.6%; p=0.1760) separately. SCORE2 specificity was 95.2% (CI 83.8-99.4%). This value was not-significatively greater than obtained using SWE or ELF-test 81.0% (CI 65.9-91.4%; p=0.0921) separately. Conclusion. SWE and ELF-test can be performed for non-invasive staging of liver fibrosis. Their use grouped in a single score increase the specificity for the prediction of histological fibrosis stage.
An ancient motif unique for human STING, RGS12 and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins
Authors: Aydin Suleyman , Aydin Ayca Cakmak
Published: January 2021

The coronavirus named as SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic and spreading rapidly1. It is a pneumonia outbreak2 with T cell exhaustion, cytokine storm and coagulation3,4. Short motifs on proteins play important roles on protein-protein interactions5,6. We hypothetized role of molecular mimicry of small-xxx-small motifs for the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Here we show that a unique and evolutionary conserved motif is found only on the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) proteins. Surprisingly we could not find this motif on any other protein of any living form. We found a similar, but not identical motif mimicry for the spike and regulator of G protein signaling 12 (RGS12), C1QT4 and also for proteins of Archaea and beta-lactamase enzymes of bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. STING proteins have roles on coagulation, T cell exhaustion, cytokine release1-3 and RGS12 on inflammation7. In contrast to cGAS-STING pathway8, the motif mimicry indicated a direct interaction between spike and STING proteins suggesting the importance of STING, RGS12 and C1QT4 on the pathogenesis of COVID-19. To our surprise, the molecular mimicry showed that beta-lactamase inhibitors may be effective against SARS-CoV-2. The motif is unique, as found on Archaea and Cnidaria it is evolutionary old but a new target and mechanism for the COVID-19.
Induction Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer Occur Potentially Free Carnitine Decrease
Authors: Ito Tatsuya , Tsukahara Kiyoaki , Sato Hiroki , Shimizu Akira , Okamoto Isaku
Published: January 2021

Background: Carnitine is related to malaise. Cisplatin is a cause of decreased carnitine. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of one course of induction chemotherapy (IC) for head and neck cancer on blood carnitine levels, focusing on FC.Methods: This single-center prospective study investigated 20 patients diagnosed with primary head and neck cancer who underwent IC with cisplatin, docetaxel, and 5-fluorouracil. FC, acylcarnitine (AC), and total carnitine (TC) levels were measured before starting therapy and on Days 7 and 21 after starting IC. In addition, malaise was evaluated before and after therapy using a visual analog scale (VAS).Results: All subjects were men and the most common primary cancer site was the hypopharynx (9 patients). FC levels before starting therapy and on Days 7 and 21 were 47.7±2.2 μM/mL, 56.7±2.2 μM/mL, and 41.1±1.9 μM/mL, respectively. Compared with before the start of therapy, FC had significantly decreased on Day 21 (p=0.007). AC levels before starting therapy and on Days 7 and 21 were 12.5±1.2 μM/mL, 13.6±1.4 μM/mL, and 10.7±0.7 μM/mL, respectively. TC levels before starting therapy and on Days 7 and 21 were 60.2±2.5 μM/mL, 70.2±3.3 μM/mL, and 51.7±2.3 μM/mL, respectively. No significant differences in AC, TC or VAS were seen before the start of therapy and on Day 21. Conclusions: After IC, a latent decrease in FC occurred without any absolute deficiency or subjective malaise. When concurrent chemoradiotherapy is planned following IC, supportive therapy with carnitine supplementation may be appropriate.
Sodium Diethyldithiocarbamate Antiparasitic Activity Against Different Trypanosoma Cruzi Strains: Insights of Its Biological Activity
Authors: Oliveira Johny , Torres Taffarel , Moreno Cláudia , Amorim-Carmo Bruno , Damasceno Igor , Soares Ana Cruz , Barbosa Jefferson , Rocha Hugo Oliveira , Silva Marcelo
Published: January 2021

Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi that affects thousands of people. The drugs currently used in therapy are toxic and have therapeutic limitations. In addition, the genetic diversity of T. cruzi represents an important variable and challenge in treatment. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DETC) is a compound with pharmacological versatility acting as metal chelators and ROS generation. Thus, the objective is to characterize the antiparasitic action of DETC against different strains and forms of T. cruzi and their mechanism. The different strains of T. cruzi were grown in LIT medium. To evaluate the antiparasitic activity of DETC, epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi were used by resazurin reduction methods and by counting. Different response patterns were obtained between the strains and an IC50 of DETC ranging from 9.44 ± 3,181 µM to 60.49 ± 7.62 µM. Cell cytotoxicity against 3T3 and RAW cell lines and evaluated by MTT, demonstrated that DETC in high concentration (2,222.00 µM) present low toxicity. DETC yet cause mitochondrial damage in T. cruzi, as well as disruption in parasite membrane. DETC has antiparasitic activity against different genotypes and forms of T. cruzi, therefore, representing a promising molecule as a drug for the treatment of Chagas disease.