bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
QUERCETIN, VANILLIN AND UMBELLIFERON QUANTIFICATION IN THE TISSUE OF BROILER CHICKENS DIETARY SUPPLEMENTED WITH THESE COMPOUNDS
Authors: Deryabin D. , Goncharova E. , Komarov A. , Duskaev G.
Published: October 2024

Relevance. Plant-derived compounds are attractive alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in livestock and poultry production. In our previous study, dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with the flavonoid quercetin, the phenolic aldehyde vanillin, and the o-hydroxycinnamic acid lactone umbelliferon (7-hydroxycoumarin) modulated the ceca microbiome, reduced systemic inflammation, and increased production efficiency, as meas-ured by the EPEF index. Objectives. To evaluate the content of free and conjugated (glucuronidated) quercetin, vanillin and umbelliferon in the muscles and liver of broiler chickens fed a 35-day basic diet supplemented with these compounds. Material and methods. Quercetin, vanillin and umbelliferon were extracted with acetonitrile and formic acid, evaporated and re-dissolved in deion-ized water, and then purified using HLB cartridges. To release the conjugated compounds, hydrolysis with glucuronidase/arylsulfatase was additionally performed. The resulting samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS using a LCMS-8050 gas chromatograph - mass spectrometer (Shimadzu Corporation, Ja-pan) with LabSolutions software installed. Results. Tissue samples from broiler chickens fed quercetin did not contain this compound in a detectable concentration range, which may be a con-sequence of the effective quercetin metabolism by intestinal microflora and xenobiotic inactivation systems. Surprisingly, quantification of vanillin showed its presence in all analyzed samples, regardless of presence or absence in supplements. This result cannot be interpreted unequivocally and is currently speculated to be due to vanillin or similar cross-reacting substances in the basic diet. Umbelliferon concentrations of 17 ng/g (free) and 125 ng/g (sum of free and conjugated forms) were detected in only one liver sample of broiler chickens that received this compound at the maximum dosage (3.0 mg per 1 kg of feed). Conclusion. The absence or low accumulation of free and glucuronidated quercetin, vanillin and umbelliferon in the muscles and liver of diet-supplemented broiler chickens has been shown. This result indicates the safety of these plant-derived molecules in poultry production without possible migration through food chains.
CAROTENOIDS AND CHLOROPHYLLS WHEN PRESENT TOGETHER: ANALYTICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES
Authors: Kuregyan A. , Pechinskii S. , Markaryan A.
Published: October 2024

Relevance.An analytical approach to choosing the direction of technological research has always been relevant, and taking into account the produc-tion of drugs using “green” extractants, the justification of technological parameters of extraction and its analytical support on models of already known, widely studied and used plant objects, for example, stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.), can be considered as rational. The purpose of the study is an analytical study of carotenoids and chlorophylls in the co-presence of stinging nettle leaves and the rationale for the temperature regime for obtaining an oil extract from this plant, taking into account the co-presence of pigments in the extracts. Material and methods. The content of carotenoids and chlorophylls in raw materials and oil extracts was determined by spectrophotometry. Oil ex-tracts were obtained by fractional maceration at two temperature conditions: 25 °C and 50 °C. Results. The content of carotenoids and chlorophylls when jointly present in stinging nettle leaves was determined by spectrophotometry. When ob-taining six model oil extracts of stinging nettle leaves, the temperature regime was experimentally optimized at 50 °C; the optimization parameter was the quantitative content of carotenoids and chlorophylls. Conclusion. A detailed determination of the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, their sum and carotenoids in the presence of chlorophylls gives a detailed idea of the quantitative ratio of these types of pigments in the raw material and makes it possible to eliminate the overlap of absorption bands of carotenoids and chlorophylls. This approach made it possible to optimize the temperature conditions for obtaining the oil extract of nettle leaves. The applied analytical approach can be used to control the content of carotenoids and chlorophylls when present together to optimize the technological pa-rameters of oil extracts obtained from other types of medicinal plant raw materials.
Effectiveness of Biology Learning to Improve Digital Literacy and Higher Order Thinking Skills on the Concept of Digestive System
Authors: Ibrahim Nia Maulidhia , Sanjaya Yayan , Nurjhani Mimin
Published: October 2024

The use of HOTS skill-based e-learning can be used as one of the ways to provide HOTS skills and digital literacy skills. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of HOTS-based e-learning in improving HOTS skills and digital literacy skills of high school students. This study used a quasi-experimental method. The research design used was non-equivalent control group design. The samples in this study were XI Science class students consisting of 38 people determined by purposive sampling technique. This research was conducted on two classes, namely the experimental class (learning using HOTS-based e-learning) and the control class (learning using e-learning not based on HOTS). The results showed that there was a significant difference in the mean between the experimental and control classes on digital literacy and higher order thinking skills. T test on the value of digital literacy skills of HOTS skills shows the number (2-tailed = 0.000 < α (0.05), which means that there is a difference in the effectiveness of using HOTS-based e-learning with e-learning not based on HOTS to improve students' digital literacy skills. Then the results showed that there was a significant difference in the average high-level thinking skills of students between the experimental class and the control class. Showing the T-test number on the value of digital literacy skills shows the number (2-tailed = 0.000) < α (0.05), it means that there is a difference in the effectiveness of using HOTS-based e-learning with ordinary e-learning to improve students' digital literacy skills. The N-Gain score criteria for using HOTS-based e-learning to improve digital literacy skills fall into the medium category (N-gain = 0.56) and the use of HOTS-based e-learning to improve higher order thinking skills in the medium category (N-gain = 0.83).
RELATO DE VIVÊNCIA NO ENSINO DE FÍSICA NA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS: A EVOLUÇÃO HISTÓRICA DA ELETRICIDADE
Authors: OLIVEIRA HUGO MATHIAS ALVES , Oliveira Humberto da Silva
Published: October 2024

O artigo trata da apresentação de um relato de vivência sobre um projeto que foi aplicado em uma turma da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), de uma escola da rede estadual da Paraíba, que buscou ampliar o conhecimento dos alunos sobre a energia elétrica, considerando a história da evolução do desenvolvimento da eletricidade e, ao mesmo tempo, refletindo sobre a sustentabilidade nas ações de crescimento da matriz energética brasileira. A ideia foi contextualizar o conteúdo da Física para facilitar a interlocução com os fenômenos do dia a dia, a partir da história da eletricidade, para favorecer as discussões em sala de aula. O objetivo foi trabalhar esse tema seguindo as linhas norteadoras das competências gerais da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e, ao mesmo tempo, atendendo às competências específicas. O projeto foi organizado em três grandes momentos: mobilização, construção e discussão final. A mobilização teve como objetivo promover a discussão conceitual dos objetos de conhecimento abordados nas atividades, enquanto a construção consistiu em discutir os processos de geração de energia elétrica nas diferentes usinas e as condições para transporte e distribuição da energia elétrica no Brasil, investigando as condições da rede elétrica local. A discussão final visou encontrar formas para materializar as experiências vividas pelos estudantes por meio da elaboração de recursos digitais. O projeto colaborou com a correção do déficit de aprendizagem, trabalhando a Física de forma interdisciplinar com os componentes curriculares de Língua Portuguesa, Matemática e História, com enfoque nas habilidades da BNCC, fomentando a aprendizagem integral dos estudantes a partir dos conhecimentos da eletricidade e reflexões sobre sustentabilidade. Verificamos que os alunos conseguiram refletir sobre o uso consciente da energia elétrica, os impactos da geração e transmissão da energia elétrica sobre o meio ambiente, e a importância da evolução histórica dos estudos e pesquisas da Eletricidade.
Assessment of environmental attitudes and behavior of secondary school students in Sri Lanka
Authors: Perera E. A. C. N. , Mahaliyana A. S. , Keppetigoda D. , De Alwis L. W. R.
Published: October 2024

Implementing effective environmental education strategies in schools is essential for nurturing young individuals with a sense of responsibility for sustainability. Knowledge regarding environmental attitudes and behaviour of school-aged children in Sri Lanka is limited. This study aimed to assess the level of environmental awareness, attitudes towards recovery and recycling, environmental behaviour, and overall awareness, alongside evaluating the impact of demographic parameters on these variables of secondary school students in Sri Lanka. A questionnaire-based survey with a quantitative approach (using a 35-item scale) was used in assessing 972 Sri Lankan secondary school students. The study revealed that students exhibit a moderate level of EA, attitude, and behavior, with greater familiarity when taught in school. Gender, school environment society membership, and student grade/type of school significantly affected the investigated socio-environmental aspects. Family income and residence type had no notable impact. The findings of this study offer important insights for creating focused interventions and educational strategies aimed at fostering a more sustainable, environmentally responsible younger generation within the distinct socio-cultural landscape of Sri Lanka.
Exploring career choice and retention among engineering undergraduate students and systems engineers: A gender perspective
Authors: Dori Yehudit Judy , Refaeli-Mishkin Hagit , Wengrowicz Niva , Rocker Yoel Shahaf , Dori Dov
Published: October 2024

The underrepresentation of women in engineering is a significant concern. This study applies the social cognitive theory and the social career cognitive theory (SCCT) to investigate gender differences in engineering career choices. We examined reasons given by 19 systems engineers and 330 undergraduate engineering students for choosing engineering and categorizing them according to SCCT themes. We compared the distribution of reasons across themes and categories by career stage and gender. For engineers, the category self-efficacy correlated significantly with challenges and opportunities and current job suitability categories, and women engineers cited challenges mainly with work-life balance and the gender glass ceiling. Undergraduate students cited personal reasons more frequently than environmental ones, with behavioral reasons being the least common. The extended SCCT model includes the categories challenges and opportunities and current job suitability within the behavioral theme, with the latter pertaining specifically to career retention. This research provides insights into gender-dependent engineering career choice and retention by expanding the set of SCCT categories.
SMALL OBJECT DETECTION APPROACH BASED ON ENHANCED SINGLE-SHOT DETECTOR FOR DETECTION AND RECOGNITION OF INDONESIAN TRAFFIC SIGNS
Authors: Chyan Phie , Saptadi Norbertus Tri Suswanto , Leda Jeremias Mathias
Published: October 2024

The detection and recognition of traffic signs are crucial components of advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) that enhance road safety. Current traffic sign detection and recognition model technology is proficient in identifying and interpreting traffic signs. However, for accurate detection and recognition, the traffic sign in the image must be of a certain minimum pixel size or distance from the driver's sight line for proper detection. The ADAS system should be capable of detecting and recognizing road traffic signs from a considerable distance as they come into the driver's line of vision. The higher the vehicle speed, the greater the distance required for the sign to be detected and recognized, allowing the driver sufficient time to react according to the sign's meaning. Addressing these challenges, this research proposes an enhanced version of the single shot detector (SSD) algorithm, commonly used in object detection, to improve the algorithm's ability to detect small objects. The proposed method involves adding an auxiliary layer module to the original SSD architecture to increase the feature map resolution and expand the conventional layer's receptive space. With the Enhanced SSD algorithm, the detection capability of the SSD can be significantly enhanced in terms of accuracy. The limitations of this study are related to the influence of occlusion and clutter, which might affect the performance of object detection, especially for small objects, which are more susceptible to being influenced by various factors. The research results demonstrate that Enhanced SSD improves object detection accuracy compared to the original SSD, with a mean average precision (mAP) of 97.87 compared to 95.35 for detecting 21 traffic signs in Indonesia.
Menakar Model Pemakzulan Kepala Daerah di Era Orde Lama dan Kaitannya dengan Karakter Negara Kesatuan
Authors: La Ode Muhaimin
Published: October 2024

The design of impeachment for a regional head in the Old Order era has similarities in terms of assigning authority to the central government and having a single model. However, it differs in terms of giving roles to the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD). The difference in the aspect of DPRD involvement is linear with the procedure for filling the position of Regional Head. This study aims to describe the impeachment pattern of Regional Heads in the Old Order era in the perspective of a unitary state and to find the relationship between the impeachment patterns of Regional Heads with the Government's objective of cementing central and regional relations. This research is a normative and literary legal research conducted by examining library materials or secondary data. The material of this research is primary legal materials, namely laws and regulations concerning the impeachment of regional heads issued during the Old Order period. The impeachment pattern of regional heads in the Old Order era experienced a shift, from a decentralized pattern to a centralized pattern after entering the Guided Democracy era. The design of impeachment with a centralized pattern and continued until the end of President Soekarno's rule. The pattern of impeachment which was characterized by centralization during the Old Order era was one of the factors causing the impeachment pattern of Regional Heads to rest in the hands of the Central Government.
Polysubjectivity as a Factor of Social Development in the Context of Dialogization and Differentiation of Center–Region Relations in the Federal State
Authors: Savelev Ivan A.
Published: October 2024

The article explores the phenomenon of polysubjectivity as a factor of social development from the perspective of post-non-classical scientific methodology. The author proposes conceptualizing polysubjectivity (multiple subjectivity) as a category describing the multifaceted nature, diversity, and dynamics of the social environment. This environment is formed through the dialogue of managed subjects who are bearers of diverse value-goal structures, possess certain resources, and are interconnected with other subjects of social action. Attention is drawn to the dual nature of poly-subjectivity. On one hand, it is viewed as the subjectivity of multiple individuals and social groups united within a localized social environment, for example, in the context of interactions between government and business, authorities and the population, or the federal center and regions. On the other hand, polysubjectivity is interpreted as the multifaceted and plural subjectivity of an individual. The author draws upon the methodology for analyzing sociocultural modernization of regions (N.I. Lapin), the activity-structural paradigm (A.V. Tikhonov), concepts of mediation and sociocultural dialogue (A.S. Akhiezer, A.P. Davydov), and the subject-oriented approach in social systems management (V.E. Lepskiy). Special attention is given to the role of the polysubjective approach in the context of differentiation among Russian regions and the implementation of their socio-economic development strategies. The article argues that the objective complexity of the Russian Federation's regional composition and the unevenness of modernization necessitate a polysubjective approach to structuring relations between the center and regions. Invoking W.R. Ashby’s law of requisite variety, it is demonstrated that effective management of regional system diversity requires a corresponding diversity of management approaches at the central level. Barriers to the formation of polysubjectivity are analyzed, particularly the absence of genuine dialogue between the center and regions. The conclusion posits that polysubjectivity can serve as a key characteristic of a certain stage in the institutionalization of post-industrial type management and as a form of interaction that ensures an adequate measure of collaboration among representatives of government, business, science, and various communities.
Effects of Nesting Material and Housing Parameters on Feed Wastage Behavior in Female Swiss Webster Mice
Authors: Zawacki Zosia E , Sharpe James A , Porco Travis C , Lindstrom Krista E
Published: October 2024

Feed wastage in laboratory mice, also known as chewing or grinding behavior, is problematic for program management and animal welfare. The destruction of pelleted feed without consumption produces a powder accumulation on the cage floor called orts. Ort accumulation disrupts the cage microenvironment and can clog Lixits resulting in flooding. Moreover, added labor adds cost, and cage disruption increases animal stress. Published studies examining the behavior and ways to mitigate it have had inconsistent results, and the cause or causes have not yet been fully identified. The purpose of this study was to identify methods to reduce the development of chewing behavior in laboratory mice. Female Swiss Webster (Tac:SW) mice (n = 144) were randomly assigned to one of 8 groups (12 cages per group) with 2 housing densities (single and pair) and 4 nesting material paradigms. Mice were housed on clean bedding for 8 wk and then soiled bedding for the next 8 wk. Chewing behavior was evaluated by feed weight, cage weight, and feed scores. The addition of a Diamond Twist significantly increased ort production, while nest transfer decreased it but not significantly. Pair housing increased overall orts but not when adjusted for animal number. These results identified potential contributing factors to chewing behavior. However, further research is needed to elucidate the exact causes and solutions.
Pharmacokinetics of Extended-Release Buprenorphine and Clinical Efficacy for Postoperative Pain Management in the Domestic Ferret (Mustela putorius furo)
Authors: Plunkard Jessica C M , Jimenez Isabel A , Tarwater Patrick M , Craney Morgan C , Villano Jason S
Published: October 2024

Buprenorphine hydrochloride (Bup-HCl) is a common injectable opioid analgesic. In ferrets, Bup-HCl must be administered every 8 to 12 h to maintain clinical efficacy. Extended-release analgesics offer multiple advantages, including reduced handling and injection frequency, improved compliance, and increased protection from end-of-dose failure. Although efficacy of extended-release buprenorphine formulations has been demonstrated in other species, their use in the domestic ferret has not been investigated. In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of a compounded polymeric formulation of buprenorphine (Bup-ER) and a pharmaceutical-grade, FDA-indexed liposomal suspension (Bup-XR). Two doses each of Bup-ER (0.12 and 0.2 mg/kg) and Bup-XR (0.2 and 0.6 mg/kg SC) were administered to young adult female ferrets and plasma concentrations were measured between 0 and 96 h (n = 4 animals per timepoint). All doses of both drugs achieved therapeutic plasma levels by 30 min. Furthermore, high-dose Bup-XR maintained therapeutic levels for 72 h, followed by high-dose Bup-ER (less than 48 h), low-dose Bup-XR (24 h), and low-dose Bup-ER (less than 24 h). In this study, we also developed a pain scoring system and utilized this to compare analgesic efficacy between single high-dose Bup-XR (0.6 mg/kg SC) and a standard postoperative course of Bup-HCl (0.02 mg/kg SC every 10 to 12 h for 8 doses) after ovariohysterectomy. Ferrets receiving Bup-XR had significantly lower respiratory rate and posture scores in the first 24 h postoperatively than did those that received Bup-HCl and were less likely to react to palpation of the surgical incision. Of note, ferrets that received high-dose Bup-ER had a significantly higher incidence of injection site reactions than ferrets that received Bup-HCl (P = 0.0137). This study demonstrates that a single dose of Bup-XR (0.6 mg/kg SC) is a safe and effective analgesic in female ferrets, with a duration of action up to 72 h and minimal side effects, offering a refinement to analgesia in this species.
»Ein Bild sagt mehr als tausend Worte«
Authors: Schuler Birgitta
Published: October 2024

Gerade im Kontext von Konflikten nutzen Menschen häufig Metaphern mit intensiver Bildlichkeit. Metaphern sind Konzepte, die eine Geschichte erzählen. Wenn es in der Mediation gelingt, die den Konflikt verfestigenden Metaphern zu flexibilisieren, verändert sich diese Geschichte. Die Mediand*innen werden fähig, kreativ über das derzeit Gegebene hinauszudenken und mental probehandelnd eine mögliche neue Wirklichkeit zu konstruieren. Sie erleben mehr Handlungsspielraum und Selbstwirksamkeit.
Auswirkungen patriarchaler Strukturen auf Unternehmensnachfolgen
Authors: Kerepesi Shenja
Published: October 2024

Patriarchale Denkund Beurteilungsmuster, Verhaltensweisen und Regeln durchziehen die Gesellschaft tiefgreifend.1 Sie beeinflussen auf eine besondere Art und Weise, wie Konflikte entstehen, wahrgenommen und gelöst werden (können). Das Verständnis für diese oftmals stark verschleierten Strukturen, Mechanismen und Dimensionen ist die Voraussetzung für eine gründliche, der eigenen Sorgfaltspflicht entsprechende Konfliktanalyse und -bearbeitung.
Qualitätssicherung in der Kinderund Jugendlichenpsychotherapie
Authors: Richter-Benedikt Annette Jasmin
Published: October 2024

Der vorliegende Beitrag zielt darauf ab, relevante Bestandteile des Verhaltensdiagnostiksystems VDS für Jugendliche (VDS-J, Sulz & Richter, 2001; Richter-Benedikt, 2015a) vorzustellen. Diese spezifischen Fragebögen für Adoleszente ab einem Alter von 13 Jahren wurden durch die Anpassung bereits existierender Fragebögen für den Erwachsenenbereich (Sulz, 1992, 1997, 2017a–d) in einer Pilotstudie entwickelt. Ihr Zweck besteht darin, subtile Aspekte des psychischen Erlebens während der Adoleszenz zu erfassen und dabei zwischen der Behandlung von Symptomen und der Förderung von Persönlichkeitsentwicklung zu differenzieren. Sie sind letztlich darauf ausgerichtet, ein umfassenderes Verständnis für die Funktionalität von Symptomen während der Jugendzeit zu ermöglichen und bieten wichtige Anhaltspunkte für die Festlegung therapeutischer Ziele. Das Verhaltensdiagnostiksystem für Jugendliche ist dabei als diagnostisches Instrument der Strategischen Jugendlichentherapie (SJT®) zu betrachten, deren therapeutische Implikationen auf der affektiv-kognitiven Entwicklungstheorie basieren. Diese Theorie legt nahe, dass biografische Erfahrungen mit den Eltern einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Persönlichkeitsentwicklung haben. In diesem Zusammenhang sind die VDS-J Fragebögen von entscheidender Bedeutung, um psychodynamisch-lerngeschichtliche Aspekte des individuellen Gewordenseins während der Jugendzeit zu erfassen. In den folgenden Abschnitten werden der theoretische Hintergrund, die Anwendung der Fragebögen und die daraus resultierenden therapeutischen Implikationen erläutert. Ein Fallbeispiel dient dabei der Veranschaulichung.
Numerical Study of Vortex Effect on Splitter Plate under Turbulence Flow over Circular Cylinder
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Sambu Mathan , Zaman Izzuddin ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Manshoor Bukhari ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Muniandy Nagentrau ,   Taylor's University, Tai Vin Cent ,   SEGi Universiti
Published: October 2024

Vortex shedding is commonly observed in both natural and artificial situations. Two key variables, the blockage ratio and the Reynolds number, determine the flow characteristics around a confined bluff body. The goal of the current study was to apply numerical simulation to examine the development of vortices in a continuous turbulence flow at the distanced position of a single splitter plate. As a starting point, the flow around a fixed circular cylinder and plate is examined at various spaced position ratios, where *L ratios are defined as the distance between the cylinder's centre and the plate's front edge. In the wake of the cylinder, when *L is raised, positive and negative vortices are generated. The pressure distribution following the vortex sheddingcore strike is felt at the plate face tip (starting edge). Compared to the other two positions, the CL created by L2 is larger and receives better cortex hits.
Machine Learning for Soil Classification: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mohd Azmin Siti Nur Fatin Liyana , Mohd Rahman Hamijah ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Mohd Harith Lim Nur Nadhirah ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Arbaiy Nureize ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

In agriculture and environmental science, soil classificationis essential for making well-informed decisions about crop selection, land management, and environmental protection. However conventional methods of classifying soil require a lot of work and time, and they mostly rely on human expertise. This work investigates the possibilities of machine learning (ML) models to automate soil classification utilizinglarge datasets of soil samples toovercome the shortcomings of existing techniques. In this paper, many machineslearning techniques, including support vector machines (SVM), decision trees (DT), random forests (RF), and neural networks (NN), are examinedfor the classification of soil. There are certain models that work better than others, though, and this is based on the qualitiesof the soil samples. In addition to that, experiments using Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, and k-Nearest Neighbor(k-NN) were also undertaken. Classification strategies are being chosento create a classified model using data mining. The algorithm with the highest accuracy is Random Forest (97.23%), followed by Naïve Bayes (96.82%), and k-Nearest Neighbor(k-NN), which has the lowest accuracy (92.92%). The paper highlights the challenges of applying machine learning to soil classification, such as consistency and human specialist availability, toeffectively categorizesoil samples. The results indicate that, despitethese challenges, ML models present a potential substitute for labor-intensive conventional methods in the classification of soil.
Acoustic Echo Cancellation using Adaptive Filter for Quranic Accent Signals
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Kamarudin Noraziahtulhidayu , Al Haddad Syed Abdul Rahman ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Azhari Rauf Hassan ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Basiron Azli ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Quranic recordings andechoed portions of the emphasis are susceptible to signal reverberation, particularly when being listened to in a conference room. Tajweed and Quranic verse rule identification are susceptible to additive noise, which could lower classification accuracy. In order to reflect the most correct rate following pattern categorization, this study suggested the appropriate use of three adaptive algorithms: Affine Projection (AP), Least Mean Square (LMS), and Recursive Least Squares (RLS). For feature extraction, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient is used together with Probabilities Principal Component Analysis (PPCA), K-Neural Network (KNN) and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). AP indicates 93.9% for all of the classification algorithm in used, while for LMS and RLS the results are differed varies on different pattern classification algorithm stated whereby with LMS and PPCA classification, 96.9 % for accuracy and 84.8% accuracy for LMS and KNN. While for RLS and GMM, 96.9% was achieved and the results were reduced for both KNN and PPCA. The analysis has resulted for both on accuracies within different filtering algirithm and classification for accuracy and ERLE(dB).Towards this research it is hope will embark more understanding towards echo cancellation and quality of sound recordings that may affected even to the Quranic recordings.KeywordsAdaptive filtering, acoustic echo cancellation, recursive least squares, least mean square, affine projection, accuracy rate1.IntroductionUnusually big peaks have been produced by frequency response, masking, and emerging peaks from sound systems. Noise can be introduced into music recordings from the surrounding environment, during the recording system when audio signals change, or during the indexing process. These noise signals can disrupt and lower the quality and efficiency of the recording. Quranic recordings may also be affected by echoes, which can interfere with the recording process. The speaker, microphone, and transmission path are among the variables that affect.
Chill to Thrill: How Ice-breaking Transforms TOEFL Preparation and Student Engagement
Authors: Leba Wilhelmina Eryuni , Ardhy Andi Anugrah Surya
Published: October 2024

This research explores students' roles and perceptions towards ice-breaking activities in the context of TOEFL preparation classes at one of the universities in East Java. The research employed a qualitative approach with data analysis conducted using NVivo 12. The study involved 20 TOEFL preparation class students who actively participated in ice-breaking activities. The research instruments used were observation and semi-structured interviews to collect data on student perceptions of ice-breaking. Data analysis was carried out by identifying thought patterns that emerged from student responses to the ice-breaking activity. The research results show that ice-breaking activities effectively create a livelier and more interactive classroom atmosphere, increase students' active participation, and reduce anxiety often experienced when preparing for the TOEFL test. In addition, the active role of mentors in facilitating these activities has proven to be very important in creating a supportive and inclusive learning environment. In-depth observations also revealed that ice-breaking strengthens social interaction and collaboration between students, increasing their understanding of the material being taught. Future researchers should explore the long-term impact of ice-breaking on students' academic performance in the TOEFL test.Keywords: Ice-breaking, Student perception, TOEFL preparation
How Listening YouTube Song Habit Influences Students’ Vocabulary Mastery: A Correlational Study
Authors: Abudi Oxa Oktaviana , Hasan Jhems Richard , Helingo Adimawati
Published: October 2024

Vocabulary mastery is essential for students to be able to communicate well in English. However, some students still struggle memorizing new words and identifying vocabulary meanings. This study aims to determine the correlation between students' habits of listening to English YouTube songs and their vocabulary mastery. The research used a quantitative correlational approach involving 24 tenth-grade students at SMA N 1 SUWAWA. The data collection was done using a questionnaire about listening habits to English songs and a vocabulary test. The data analysis was performed using the Pearson Product Moment formula. The result showed that there is a moderate positive correlation between the habit of listening to English YouTube songs and the mastery of vocabulary of SMA N 1 Suwawa tenth-grade students (r = 0.529). This indicates that the more intense the students' habit of listening to English YouTube songs, the better their vocabulary mastery. Listening habit contributes 27.98% to the mastery of vocabulary. Based on these results, it can be concluded that there is a moderate correlation between listening habit to English YouTube songs and vocabulary mastery of tenth grade students at SMA N 1 Suwawa. The more students listen to English songs, the better they master vocabulary.Keywords:        listening Habit, YouTube song, vocabulary mastery
Edward Prendick’s Harrowing Journey on Doctor Moreau’s Island: A Tale of Trauma in H.G. Wells’ Novel
Authors: Tangkilisan Sesar , Husain Dahlia , Mariana Ana , Otoluwa Moon Hidayati , Rosida Ana
Published: October 2024

This study explores the representation of traumatic experiences in H.G. Wells' novel The Island of Doctor Moreau. Traumatic experiences are unpredictable, unpreventable situations that overwhelm victims and disrupt their ability to cope. Literature can provide insights into the range of responses to such overwhelming experiences as a reflection of human existence. The objective of this research is to increase awareness and understanding of trauma and mental illness through the analysis of literary depictions. Using a qualitative research approach, the study examines the traumatic experiences encountered by the protagonist, Edward Prendick, in the novel. The analysis categorizes Prendick's traumatic experiences into three main themes: a) being stranded, drifting away, and lost; b) witnessing death and seeing dead bodies; and c) meeting scary creatures, being attacked, and being terrorized. The findings reveal how the novel portrays the psychological and emotional impact of trauma on the protagonist, highlighting the challenges faced by victims of overwhelming and life-threatening situations. By analyzing the literary representation of trauma, this study aims to foster greater empathy and understanding for those affected by traumatic experiences and mental health issues. The in-depth qualitative analysis of the narrative techniques and thematic elements in the novel contributes to the literature on the literary depiction of trauma and its implications for raising awareness and promoting mental health.Keywords: Traumatic experiences, psychology, novel
The Role of Throughput Accounting in Rationalizing Health Service Costs
Authors: Jail Zahraa Falah , Dehereb Mohammed Sameer
Published: October 2024

The companies regardless of their activity, seek to improve their performance level in line with the changes occurring in the labor market, in order to achieve the optimal use of resources and develop operational performance by rationalizing the time and cost of achievement to achieve efficiency in use. The research problem is represented in the following question: How does Throughput accounting contribute to rationalizing the costs of health services? The research aims to demonstrate the importance of Throughput accounting, which is one of the management accounting tools in providing an effective information system that provides the company's management with the information it needs to improve its production processes and increase productivity, thus maximizing its profits. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that Throughput accounting provides a number of indicators such as (accomplishment margin, achievement rate, and achievement time) that help in measuring performance and identifying the problems facing the economic unit and ways to address them. Therefore, the research recommends that the hospital should apply Throughput accounting instead of the traditional system in order to provide measures and indicators that help increase profitability and focus on increasing the achievement margin and reducing operating costs to the lowest level.
Application of Laurent Series in the Study of Entropy and Time Equivalence: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Chen Wen-Xiang
Published: October 2024

This paper provides an extensive analysis of the geometric thermodynamics theory presented in \cite{Quevedo2024} using Laurent series. We represent the geometric characteristics of the ideal gas equilibrium space through Laurent series, further exploring the equivalence between entropy and time. By integrating the formalism of geometrothermodynamics (GTD) \cite{Hermann1986}, we demonstrate that along thermodynamic geodesics, entropy can be regarded as an affine parameter, possessing a geometric significance analogous to time. The study delves into higher-order expansions, curvature analyses, and the implications of entropy-time equivalence in various thermodynamic processes. Additionally, we explore the stability conditions of thermodynamic systems within this framework and propose potential extensions to non-ideal systems.
Weight suppression, bingeing, and purging as predictors of weight gain during inpatient treatment in persons with bulimia nervosa
Authors: Meule Adrian , Dieffenbacher Anna , Kolar David R. , Voderholzer Ulrich
Published: October 2024

Objective: Patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) often gain weight during treatment, which potentially poses a threat to treatment adherence. Although weight suppression has been found to be a predictor of weight gain in persons with BN, research about the nature of weight changes during treatment and other predictors thereof is scarce.Method: The current study examined weight suppression as well as self-reported bingeing severity and purging frequency at admission as predictors of weight change during inpatient treatment in 746 persons with BN (95% female).Results: Body mass index (BMI) increased linearly across treatment weeks. Higher weight suppression predicted larger weight gain, particularly in those with a relatively low BMI at admission. More frequent purging and less severe bingeing predicted larger weight gain but high bingeing severity in combination with infrequent purging attenuated this effect.Conclusions: Results replicate that those with high weight suppression are at higher risk for gaining weight during BN treatment but extend these findings in that this effect additionally depends on current BMI, similar to findings reported in persons with anorexia nervosa. They further demonstrate that the core features of BN—bingeing and purging—also predict weight change both separately and interactively and may, therefore, be considered in psychoeducation and therapy planning.
Psychometric properties of the German version of the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory
Authors: Meule Adrian , Ertl Sebastian , Forbush Kelsie T. , Mindrup Luka Marie , Ehrenthal Johannes C. , Kolar David R.
Published: October 2024

The Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory (EPSI) is a multidimensional self-report measure for the assessment of eating pathology and related aspects: Body Dissatisfaction, Binge Eating, Cognitive Restraint, Purging, Restricting, Excessive Exercise, Negative Attitudes Toward Obesity, and Muscle Building. The aims of the current studies were to provide a German translation of the EPSI and replicate the original EPSI’s psychometric properties and correlates. In two cross-sectional surveys using convenience samples (n = 361 and n = 178), the EPSI’s eight-factor structure, high internal consistencies, and differential associations with other instruments assessing eating disorder-specific and general psychopathology as well as sex differences on the EPSI’s scales were largely replicated. The German EPSI had sound psychometric properties that allow for a reliable and valid, multidimensional assessment of eating-disorder psychopathology.
Naturalistic fluctuations in night-to-night sleep duration and quality and their associations with next-day perceived stress and affect
Authors: McGowan Amanda L.
Published: October 2024

Sleep problems and perceived stress are linked to mental health outcomes. Epidemiological studies suggest that the effect of perceived stress on depressive symptoms is partially mediated by poor sleep quality. Naturalistic associations among perceived stress, affect, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms have not been thoroughly explored. We examine within-person associations among sleep, perceived stress, and affect in a naturalistic setting and the moderating effect of depression. Participants were 167 individuals (136 women, 29 men, 2 other gender) who completed a 21-day daily diary assessment. Multilevel models revealed that perceived stress (b = -0.01, p = 0.04) and negative affect (b = -0.05, p = 0.04) were lower than usual following nights of longer than usual sleep duration. In participants experiencing depression, increases in last night’s sleep quality were associated with decreases in next-day perceived stress (b = -0.02, p = 0.001) and negative affect (b = -0.01, p < 0.001). Within-person mediation analyses indicated that last night’s sleep impacts negative affect via changes in perceived stress. Participants with depression experienced lower negative affect following nights of higher than usual sleep quality. Controlling for between-person differences in sleep duration and quality, within-person fluctuations in sleep duration and quality impacted next-day perceived stress and affect across populations. The daily functioning of individuals experiencing depression was especially sensitive to naturalistic fluctuations in sleep occurring in daily life, suggesting sleep may be a sensitive target for interventions that aim to reduce daily stress and negative affect in depression.
Strategizing AI Utilization for Psychological Literature Screening: A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms and Key Factors to Consider
Authors: König Lars , Hecht Martin , Zitzmann Steffen
Published: October 2024

With the rapid growth of scholarly literature, efficient AI-aided abstract screening tools are becoming increasingly important. This study evaluated nine different machine learning algorithms used in AI-aided screening tools for ordering abstracts according to their estimated relevance. We focused on assessing their performance in terms of the number of abstracts required to screen to achieve a sufficient detection rate of relevant articles. Our evaluation centered on abstracts from the field of psychology, covering different research domains within this discipline. We explored how characteristics of the screening data, such as the proportion of relevant articles, the overall frequency of abstracts, and the amount of training data influenced the effectiveness of these algorithms. A key finding was that the algorithm combining the logistic regression classifier with the SBERT feature extractor outperformed other algorithms, demonstrating both the highest efficiency and the lowest variability in performance. Nonetheless, the algorithm's performance varied across experimental conditions. We discussed the results and derived practical recommendations to guide users in the AI-aided screening process.
Shifting the power balance? Examining citizen preferences for participatory decision-making in local governments
Authors: Van Severen Ruben , Haesevoets Tessa , Wauters Bram , Roets Arne
Published: October 2024

Western democracies struggle with high levels of distrust and cynicism towards political institutions. In countering this phenomenon, various local governments have been experimenting with citizen participation. In a large and representative sample of Belgian-Flemish citizens (N=2,205), we investigate whether the impact level and type of participation affects people’s perception of these initiatives. Impact level was operationalized through four different decision-making scenarios regarding an emblematic local policy case: repurposing an abandoned school building. Types of participation were operationalized through concrete participatory instruments (e.g., citizen panels, referendums), which varied both in how the input is solicited (aggregation or deliberation) and the extent of citizen influence (advisory or binding). Results show that participants perceived participatory scenarios as more legitimate than traditional representation, with the most outspoken preference for co-decision between government and citizens. As for concrete instruments, citizen consultations are most widely favored, and aggregation (consultations or referenda) is slightly preferred over deliberation (citizen panels). Individual differences showed modest effects on preferences, primarily affecting attitudes towards the participatory extremes (i.e., no input or full autonomy), and the relative preference of aggregative (referenda) versus deliberative (citizen panels) instruments. Altogether, this study provides useful guidelines for policy-makers who aim to cultivate legitimate participatory practices.
The archaeology of mind—Past, present, and future
Authors: Wynn Thomas , Overmann Karenleigh A. , Coolidge Frederick L.
Published: October 2024

In this introductory essay to The Oxford handbook of cognitive archaeology, we present and define the field, distinguishing it within the broader discipline as the branch concerned with human cognition and typically adopting cognitive paradigms as the basis for its interpretations. We discuss the two main investigatory branches, the Evolutionary Cognitive Archaeology (ECA) that focuses on the evolutionary development of human cognition and the Ideational Cognitive Archaeology (ICA) that focuses on the thoughts and beliefs of ancient societies, along with the emerging 4E (embodied, embedded, extended, and enacted) strand that is concerned with the role of material forms within human cognition. We also differentiate cognitive archaeology from disciplines like evolutionary psychology in terms of foundational assumptions, theories, methods, and epistemological orientations. Finally, we outline the Handbook’s structure and organization.
Travel Impediments Impact Racial Segregation Minimally
Authors: Saporito Salvatore
Published: October 2024

Scholars debate the importance of travel impediments to racial segregation, where some argue that barriers such as water bodies, highways and similar features impede travel between residential areas occupied by different racial groups. Results of this research show that travel impediments contribute little to racial segregation in most cities.
Icono y phronesis en los jesuitas en las comunidades eclesiales de base: el caso Lomas de Polanco
Authors: Salguero Antelo José Humberto
Published: October 2024

La educación no se limita a los espacios escolarizados, sino que también ocurre en diversos campos prácticos. Uno de estos es el ámbito pastoral. El objetivo de este trabajo es recuperar los diferenciales pedagógicos de los jesuitas en las Comunidades Eclesiales de Base en la colonia Lomas de Polanco. Se establece como marco temporal su presencia en el lugar desde 1970 hasta 1994, año en que finalizó su participación pastoral en estas comunidades. Durante este periodo, su labor estuvo enmarcada por diversas luchas reivindicativas, como la regularización de los terrenos y la obtención de servicios básicos. El método utilizado fue la historia de vida, a partir de 12 entrevistas en profundidad a miembros fundadores, 20 dirigentes y 30 herederos de estas comunidades. El análisis se realizó con el apoyo de la hermenéutica analógica. Entre los hallazgos, se destaca la dimensión icónica de los jesuitas como educadores, en especial por su acompañamiento en las movilizaciones de los habitantes de la colonia y por su contribución a la formación del discernimiento, tanto personal como social. Esto se logró a través de la dinámica de reflexión en la acción y la práctica de los ejercicios ignacianos en la vida cotidiana.