bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of culture conditions for a producer clone coexpressing arylsulfatase B and a formylglycine-generating enzyme in order to increase the yield of arylsulfatase B
Authors: Timonova S. S. , Smolova K. A. , Kirik I. A. , Pantyushenko M. S. , Anisimov R. L. , Khamitov R. A. , Piskunov A. A. , Bade V. N.
Published: October 2022

Maroteaux—Lamy syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type VI) is an orphan genetic disease caused by mutations in the arylsulfatase B gene (ARSB), which encodes the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase B (ASB). The relevance of the study lies in the need of a Russian recombinant ASB product for patients with the disease in the Russian Federation. Previously, the authors have developed producer lines coexpressing the target ASB enzyme with an auxiliary formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE), based on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Further development of the recombinant ASB preparation places priority on increasing the enzyme yield. The aim of this study was to increase the productivity of producer clones by optimising the culture process and adding calcium chloride and copper sulfate to the culture medium. Materials and methods: a suspension-adapted CHO cell line was used. Monoclonal cell lines were developed using Cell Metric and ClonePix FL systems. The concentration of ASB in the culture liquid was determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The authors analysed batch culture and/or fed-batch culture in media supplemented with various concentrations of copper sulfate and calcium chloride. Results: the combined addition of copper sulfate and calcium chloride at concentrations of 300 μM during batch culture of producer clones coexpressing ASB and FGE increases viability and specific productivity of the cells up to 4.58±1.62 pg/ (cell×day). The cultivation of the lead producer clone coexpressing ASB and FGE under fed-batch conditions for 12 days and the addition of copper sulfate to the growth medium at the concentration of 300 μM allow for increasing the yield of the active lysosomal enzyme, arylsulfatase B, to 420 mg/L. Conclusions: the cultivation of producer clones coexpressing ASB and FGE under fed-batch conditions with copper sulfate added to the medium significantly improves cell line growth properties and the ASB yield. This approach to the selection of culture conditions for producer cell lines can be applied to other enzymes of the sulfatase family.
Effects of enzymatically depolymerised fucoidan on effector functions of innate and adaptive immunity cells
Authors: Kuznetsova T. A. , Smolina T. P. , Persiyanova E. V. , Ivanushko L. A. , Silchenko A. S. , Ermakova S. P. , Besednova N. N.
Published: October 2022

The use of sulfated polysaccharides (fucoidans) as active pharmaceutical ingredients or adjuvants poses the challenge of obtaining structurally characterised and homogeneous samples or their oligomeric fractions maintaining high biological activity. The authors obtained a highly purified enzymatic hydrolysate of fucoidan from the brown alga Fucus evanescens and compared its biological activity with that of a native sample. The aim of the study was to compare, in vitro and in vivo, the effects of depolymerised fucoidan from the brown alga F. evanescens and native fucoidan on the effector functions of innate and adaptive immunity cells loaded with ovalbumin (OVA). Materials and methods: the effects of the fucoidan samples (depolymerised and native) on the expression of the main immunophenotypic markers by innate and adaptive immunity cells (neutrophils, monocytes, natural killers, and lymphocytes) were studied in vitro using flow cytometry. The levels of serum OVA-specific antibodies (IgG, IgG1, IgG2а) and cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10, IL-12) were studied in vivo using BALB/c mice immunised with OVA. The statistical analysis of the data obtained was performed using the Statistica 10 software package. Results: in vitro, both fucoidan samples altered the expression of the main immunophenotypic markers by innate and adaptive immunity cells, indicating their activation. In vivo, mice treated with the fucoidan samples demonstrated an increase in the levels of OVA-specific antibodies (IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a) and in the production of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10). Conclusions: the effects of enzymatically depolymerised fucoidan on functional activity of innate and adaptive immunity cells are comparable to those of native fucoidan. The findings indicate the possibility of using enzymatic hydrolysis products of fucoidan as adjuvants for a wide range of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.
Stability analysis of the reference standard of Mycoplasma arginini strain G230 used for testing biologicals for mycoplasmas
Authors: Sukhanova S. M. , Berdnikova Z. E. , Fadeikina O. V. , Petruchuk E. M. , Tikhonova A. S.
Published: October 2022

The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (Ph.Rus.) requires a preparatory evaluation of culture medium suitability using the reference standard (RS) of the Mycoplasma arginini G230 test strain in order to ensure reliable results when testing medicines for mycoplasmas using a microbiological (culture) method. The RS retains the stability of physico-chemical properties and the certified characteristic value (titre) for one year if stored under the specified temperature conditions (–20 ºC to –30 ºC). Deviations from this range and transportation in ambient conditions can alter the properties of the RS and consequently result in biologicals substandard in terms of mycoplasmas. Experts from the Reference Materials Committee of the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), the State System for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements, and the WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardisation emphasise the need to study the stability of RSs not only under the specified long-term storage conditions, but also with short-term deviations from such conditions. The aim of the study was to analyse the stability of the M. arginini G230 test strain RS under the specified long-term storage conditions and with short-term exposure to elevated temperatures. Materials and methods: the study used the RS of M. arginini G230 by the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products and culture media and solutions required per the Ph.Rus. general chapter on mycoplasma tests (OFS.1.7.2.0031.15). The stability of RS’s characteristics, including the certified value (titre), was determined using Ph.Rus. methods. The experiment involved two testing regimes with short-term exposure to elevated temperatures. Control samples were stored at –20±2 °С. Statistical data processing was carried out by the serial dilution method using McCrady’s table with the calculation of the arithmetic mean of the most probable number (MPN) for the limiting dilution (titre). Results: as demonstrated in the study under the specified conditions, the RS retains its characteristics for a period exceeding its shelf life (for up to 16 months). The main characteristics of the RS remain stable after 30-day exposure to elevated temperatures (25±2 ºC and 37±2 ºC). The certified value (titre) of the RS decreases after exposure to 37±2 ºC for 10 and 30 days. Conclusions: the study proved the possibility of storing and transporting the RS at a temperature lower than 25±2 ºC for up to 30 days with no subsequent changes to the quality within the 1-year shelf life. The conditions of 37±2 ºC cannot be used for the purpose.
Afluentes que irrigam os territórios dos discursos docentes sobre a inclusão de pessoas com deficiência nas salas de ensino regular
Authors: Jarlisse Nina Beserra da Silva  , Jackson Ronie Sá-Silva  , Marcia Raika e Silva Lima
Published: October 2022

Este artigo discute e propõe reflexões sobre os desdobramentos ideológicos que perpassam pelos discursos docentes e suas (re) significações a respeito da inclusão de alunos com deficiência nas salas de ensino regular no Brasil. A pesquisa tem caráter bibliográfico e de cunho qualitativo, a partir de uma abordagem crítico-dialética frente aos discursos docentes comumente produzidos no cotidiano escolar que se estruturam pelas forças de ordem conservadora próprias da sociedade capitalista e se estabelecem ora na defesa intransigente da garantia dos direitos à educação dos sujeitos com deficiência nas salas de ensino regular, ora em defesa do atendimento a este público em classes ou instituições especializadas. As análises realizadas evidenciam que estes discursos influenciam as práticas educacionais voltadas às pessoas com deficiência, sendo necessária uma reflexão docente crítica para a implementação de uma proposta educacional inclusiva. Faz-se necessário um repensar sobre a concepção que os professores estabelecem acerca do que seja a deficiência, que incite um fazer didático-pedagógico voltado para a possibilidade de superação das desigualdades diante de uma sociedade excludente.
Penerapan Sistem Pemasaran Media Sosial dan Kreativitas Terhadap Keunggulan Bersaing Pada UMKM Bintang Nauli Boneka
Authors: Darmayanti Serly , Putri Niken Ramanda , Febriyanti Fanisya Rahma , Listiawan Endah , Chandra Vindya Arista , Putra Ramdani Bayu
Published: October 2022

Keunggulan bersaing diartikan sebagai strategi benefit dari UMKM yang melakukan kerjasama untuk menciptakan keunggulan bersaing yang lebih efektif dalam pasarnya. Keunggulan bersaing adalah jantung kinerja pemasaran untuk menghadapi persaingan. Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) memanfaatkan media sosial sebaga sarana pemasaran online untuk memperoleh pangsa pasar yang memuaskan. Saat ini media sosial sudah sangat mudah diakses oleh siapapun diseluruh dunia, termasuk para pebisnis UMKM yang menggunakan media sosial sebagai sarana pemberi dan berbagi informasi tentang produk yang ditawarkan kepada konsumen secara online. Hal tersebut sangat didukung oleh kemampuan UMKM untuk melakukan kreativitas agar konsumen tetap percaya dalam memilih produk UMKM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Pengaruh Sistem Pemasaran Media Sosial dan Kreativitas Terhadap Keunggulan Bersaing Pada UMKM Bintang Nauli Boneka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data-data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer maupun sekunder, data ini diperoleh peneliti melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini kendala yang dialami Bintang Nauli Boneka dalam melakukan sistem pemasaran media sosial dan kretaivitas yaitu: kendala internal meliputi: terbatasnya ketersediaan produk, kendala eksternal meliputi: persaingan, pengambilan gambar produk (plagiat) pihak lain, penipuan yang dilakukan calon konsumen.
Strategi Kolaborasi Pengembangan UMKM Sulaman Indah Benang Mas dan Bordir Menggunakan Metode SWOT
Authors: Sovia Rita Fitri , Putri Riscia Wahyuni , Yendri Indah Prima , Sari Tika Novita , Putra Ramdani Bayu
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktorâ€“faktor kekuatan, peluang, kelemahan, ancaman pada UMKM dan menenentukan strategi kolaborasi yang optimal dalam pengembangan dan meningkatkan daya saing UMKM Sulaman Indah Benang Mas dan Bordir â€œAsnaweti Putriâ€. Obyek penelitian yangdipilih adalah UMKM Sulaman Indah Benang Mas dan Bordir â€œAsnaweti Putriâ€ Manggung Pariaman Utara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Strategi Pengembangan UMKM yang harus di terapkan oleh usahanya meliputi: menjaga kualitas produk untuk memenuhi permintaan konsumen, melakukan perbaikan sistem manajemen industri, memperkuat jaringan dan meningkatkan pemasaran, melakukan pengoptimalan biaya produksi, mengupayakan ketersedian bahan baku secara berkelanjutan serta melakukan pengembangan pada produk. Salah satu strategi pengembangan adalah memperkuat jaringan melalui perancangan strategi kolaborasi. Strategi kolaborasi yang diterapkan antara lain: kolaborasi klaster industri sesama UMKM, kolaborasi upstream dan dwonstream, dan kolaborasikompetensi.

 

Kata kunci : strategi bisnis, marketing, Kolaborasi, UMKM
فاعلية برنامج إرشادي تدريبي مع جهاز مبتكر لخفض شدة التلعثم (التأتأة) لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة
Authors: حسن ريحان ثامر
Published: October 2022

هدف البحث التحقق من فاعلية برنامج إرشادي تدريبي مع جهاز مبتكر لخفض شدة التلعثم ( التأتأة ) لدى طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة،استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي ذا مجموعة واحدة بقياس قبلي وقياس بعدي ، تكونت عينة الدراسة من (6) طلاب يعانون من التلعثم ، تتراوح اعمارهم بين (13-15)  سنة ، واستخدم  الباحث مقياس شدة التلعثم (ريلاي) ترجمة نهلة عبد العزيز رفاعي (2001 ) وبرنامج إرشادي تدريبي مع جهاز مبتكر من اعداد الباحث ، وكانت فرضيات الدراسة 

- توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين متوسطي درجات القياس القبلي والقياس البعدي على مقياس شدة التلعثم لدى عينة الدراسة.

- لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين متوسطي درجات القياس البعدي والقياس التتبعي على مقياس شدة التلعثم لدى عينة الدراسة.

وكانت نتائج الدراسة توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين متوسطي درجات القياس القبلي والقياس البعدي على مقياس شدة التلعثم لصالح القياس البعدي لدى عينة الدراسة، وهو ما يشير إلى تحقق صحة الفرض، ولا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين متوسطي درجات القياس البعدي والقياس التتبعي (لمدة شهرين) على مقياس شدة التلعثم لدى عينة الدراسة، وهذا يشير إلى تحقق صحة الفرض، وتعود هذه النتائج على الأثر الذي احدثه البرنامج الإرشادي التدريبي  مع الجهاز المبتكر لخفض شدة التلعثم لدى عينة الدراسة .
شعر السليك بن السلكة دراسة في اللغة الشعرية والاساليب
Authors: لازم رمضان رجاء
Published: October 2022

يقوم السليك في شعره على وصف الفقر والتشرد والتطبع بالخشونة وجمالها الوحشي ولهذا اتسمت لغته بالخشونة كحياته فضلاً عن صعوبة عيشه المقفر بالصحراء فشعره ترجمة لواقع حياته المقفرة فضلاً عن جمالية السرد القصصي الذي نبع في اغلب اشعاره .
تأسيس النازية ووصولها إلى السلطة في المانياعام 1933
Authors: هاشم جريان م. د زينب , عبد الحسين عويد م. د علاء الدين
Published: October 2022

النازية ( Nationalsozialismus) هي حركة سياسية تأسست في المانيا بعد الحرب العالمية الأولى، حيث تمكن المنتمون للحزب القومي الاشتراكي العمالي الألماني تحت زعامة أدولف هتلر من الهيمنة عام 1933 على السلطة في ألمانيا وإنشاء ما سمي بدولة الزعيم والمملكة الثالثة. التي أثارت الحرب العالمية الثانية وقد اتهمت بارتكاب المحرقة (الهولوكوست) بحق اليهود والغجر إلا أن هذه الاتهامات لاقت معارضة وإنكار حيث تم إنكار المحرقة من قبل العديد من الدول الاوربية وتحت ذريعة المحرقة المزعومة تم إنشاء دولة لليهود في فلسطين هي "إسرائيل" كتعويض عن مالاقاه اليهود في ذلك الوقت برعاية الحركة الصهيونية التي جاءت بعد النازية .

   وأصبح المصطلح "نازية" وصفاً للأيديولوجية التي اتخذها ذلك الحزب في سنوات 1920 - 1930. والمبنية على العنصرية والتشدد ضد الأعراق الأخرى وكذلك على علوّ اجناس بشرية معينة على أجناس أخرى. وآمنت بقمع وحتى بإبادة الأعراق الدنيا.
تأثير استخدام استراتيجية الصف المقلوب في تذكر مفاهيم قواعد اللغة الكوردية لدى طلاب الصف السابع الاساس
Authors: عبداللە یاسین نێچیرڤان , عبدالكريم سعيد ديار
Published: October 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي الى معرفة تأثير استخدام استراتيجية الصف المقلوب في تذكر مفاهيم قواعد اللغة الكوردية لدى طلاب الصف السابع الاساس. ولتحقيق هدف البحث تم وضع فرضياتین صفرية. حيث اعتمد الباحث المنهج الكمي التجريبي من أجل اختيار مجموعتي البحث و تحديد مجتمع الدراسة، تم اختيار العينة من مدرستي (فراشين و روژين) في مدينة زاخو للعام الدراسي (2021-2022). وقد تم اختيارها بالاسلوب الطبقي العشوائي من مجتمع البحث، حيث تم اختيار مدرسة فراشين 33 طالب وطالبة كمجموعة تجريبية، بينما أصبحت مدرسة روژين المكونة من 25 طالب وطالبة كمجموعة ضابطة. بعد ذلك قسم الباحث العينة الى مجموعتين متكافئتين في عدد من المتغيرات. ولتحقيق هدف البحث اعد الباحث اداة اختبار مفاهيمي لقياس اكتساب المفاهیم و  مستوى تذكر افراد عينة البحث لمفاهيم قواعد اللغة الكوردية تكون بصيغته النهائية من (30) فقرة، كما تحقق الباحث من صدق المحتوى للاختبار واستخراج خصائصه السايكومترية من قوة تمييز ومعامل السهولة وفعالية البدائل فضلا عن ثباته، اعد الباحث مجموعة من الخطط الدراسية وفقا لمادة قواعد اللغة الكوردية للفصل الدراسي الأول المقرر للعام الدراسي 2021-2022. بعد الانتهاء من اعداد الخطط الدراسية، تم استخدام الأداة كاختبار قبلي لقياس (متغير الاكتساب) وتم استخدام نفس الأداة بعد شهر كاختبار بعدي لقياس (متغير التذكر). لتحليل البيانات وإدراك الاختلاف المعنوي وحجم التأثير، تم استخدام اختبار لعينتين مستقلتين لمعرفة الفروق بين المتغيرات ومربع ايتا ومعامل كوهين لمعرفة حجم الاثر على التوالي. توصلت النتائج إلى أن استراتيجية الفصل المقلوب أكثر فعالية وملاءمة بشكل ملحوظ من الطريقة الاعتيادية في تذكر مفاهيم القواعد اللغة الكوردية. تم ذكر بعض التوصيات المتعلقة بالفصول الدراسية المقلوبة بالإضافة إلى عدد من العناوين الأساسية للأبحاث المستقبلية.
التباين المكاني للهدر الصحي - الامراض المزمنة انموذجأ - لفئة صغار السن في قضاءي الاعظمية والكرخ لسنتي 2013 و2020
Authors: مفيد احمد الأنصاري أ. د. رعد , عبدالله عجيل صفاء
Published: October 2022

يهدف البحث للتعرف بأهمية وخطورة أحد أشكال الهدر الصحي وهي الامراض المزمنة التي تصيب فئة صغار السن وتؤثر على مسيرة حياتهم وفق البنية النوعية والعمرية والبيئية في قضاءي الاعظمية والكرخ ،ولتحقيق هذا الغرض تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي والاسلوب الكمي ، واستخدام الخرائط والجداول والاشكال البيانية ، للوصول الى العلاقات المكانية .

وتوصل البحث الى مجموعة من النتائج من أهمها ،وجود تباين في حجم الهدر على مستوى الوحدات الادارية لسنتي 2013 و2020 ، أذ بلغ معدل الهدر (63.96) و(88.48) بالتتابع ، لكل 100000 طفل أقل من عمر 15 سنة ، وسجلت ناحية الفحامة أعلى معدل هدر لسنة 2013 بلغ (72.90)، بينما جاءت ناحية المامون باعلى معدل هدر لسنة 2020 بلغ (95.90)، كما وتوصل البحث الى ارتفاع في معدلات الاطفال الذكور المصابين بالامراض المزمنة مقارنةً بالاناث فبلغ عدد الذكورالمصابين  لسنتي البحث (55.09%) و (55.46%) على التوالي ، بينما بلغت الاهمية النسبية للاناث المصابات (44.91%) و(44.54%) بالترتيب للسنتي 2013 و2020 ، وقد تصدر مرض السكري في اعداد الاطفال المصابين لسنة 2020 وبأهمية نسبية بلغت (27.43%).
فاعلية إستراتيجية التعلم المستند الى الدماغ (BBL) في تنمية مهارات التفكير البصري لدى طالبات الصف السابع الأساس في مادة الرياضيات
Authors: عبدالرحمن فارس م.م .دلبر , علي حسين أ.م.د. أزهار
Published: October 2022

The research aims to identify the " The Effectiveness of the Brain-Based Learning Strategy (BBL) In the Development of the Visual Thinking Skills for Seventh-Grade Female Students in Mathematics." The researcher used the experimental method with two equal groups and the test (pre and post). The research was applied to a deliberately selected sample consisting of (53) female students in the seventh grade from a middle school (Khisar) in the day schools of the Directorate of Education of Duhok for the years 2021–2022). The sample was randomly distributed to two groups, one of which was an experimental group consisting of (27) students who studied according to the brain-based learning (BBL) strategy, and the other, a control group, consisting of (26) students who studied according to the usual method. The researcher identified the scientific material from the seventh stage book, a number of teaching plans from the three chapters (first, second, and third), which reached (36) plans. The researcher also conducted equivalence tests between the two groups in several variables. She also prepared a test for visual thinking skills consisting of (24) items divided into six skills (reading visual forms, visual discrimination, analyzing visual forms, and perceiving spatial relationships). The data was analyzed using the t-test for two independent samples, and the results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the students in the experimental and control groups. In the test of visual thinking skills, in favor of the experimental group, with a high effect size.
دور الإربيلين في الوظائف الإدارية في بلاد الشام ومصر خلال القرون (7-9 هـ/ 13-15م)
Authors: عبدالرزاق إسماعیل سمیر , إسماعیل أحمد أ. د. خطاب
Published: October 2022

يدرس هذا البحث عن الإربيلیین و الذين يقعون ضمن الحدود الجغرافية أربيل مثل: الهذبانيین والزرزاريین والخلكانيین والإخنائیین، و اسباب هجرة هؤلاء الأشخاص الی بلاد الشام و مصر، ويعرض هوية هؤلاء الأشخاص ودورهم في الوظائف الإداریة في تلك البلدان. تم إنجاز هذا العمل بالرجوع إلى العديد من الكتب التاريخية التراجم والكتب المتعلقة بالتعریفات. قسمت هذا الدراسة مقدمة و ثلاثة فصول، فضلاً عن النتائج والقائمة المصادر و المراجع، یتضمن الفصل الأول التسمیة و الجغرافیة إربل، و الفصل الثاني سيرتكز علی أسباب هجرة الإربلیین الی بلاد الشام و مصر، مثل اسباب العلمیة و الإقتصادیة و الأسباب الأخری، و أیضا یتضمن الفصل الثالث دور الإربلیین في الوظائف الإداریة في بلاد الشام و مصر خلال القرون (7- 9هـ/ 13- 15م).
الوصف في الدرس النحوي منهجا
Authors: إسماعيل الجبوري أ.د. حقي
Published: October 2022

من كثرة النصوص اللغوية والنحوية، التي وقعت بين يدي، أدركت إدراكا متفحصا وجود منهج الوصف، وقد عزمت على محاولة التعامل معها، بحسب ما يريد البحث العلمي، وإذا كان البحث يرجع حقا للعربية من الحث على نسبة هذا المنهج إلى العرب، لا إلى الأوروبيين، بالدلائل والحجج، فإن ذلك لا يغمط جهود الغربيين في هذا الميدان ـ ولهم لمساتهم الواضحة ـ، غير أن مشكلة المصطلح بقيت ثغرة عميقة، في الدرس العربي، ولو توافر المصطلح، لما ترك غموضا على المسألة.

بلا شك فإننا نجد ما ينص عليه المنهج الوصف الحديث، من ضرورة الاستقراء الشامل للغة، والسماع، وأخذ اللغة من أفواه ناطقيها مباشرة، ومن ثم تقعيد القواعد، وتأصيل الأصول، وسن قوانين اللغة والنحو.
مفهوم الجزئي والكلي في فلسفة فخر الدين الرازي
Authors: زبير عبد الجبار م.م رؤى
Published: October 2022

تعد فلسفة فخر الدين الرازي من الفلسفات الشمولية في الثقافة الإسلامية ففضلا عن شخصيته التفسيرية والكلامية، فهو منطقي وفيلسوف غزير الإنتاج والتأليف، من هنا يأتي موضوع (الكلي والجزئي) في فلسفته ضمن تناول اتساع أفق التفكير المنطقي عنده واستنباطاته المتعددة في المباحث المنطقية، حيث سعى من خلاله إلى تخطي المرحلة الأرسطية في التحليل المنطقي، بما يتناسب مع الفكر الكلامي الإسلامي..
أثر استخدام التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية الصريحة في تحسين نطق اللغة الإنجليزية لدى طلاب المدارس المتوسطة العراقية
Authors: راكان جلال براء , ابراهيم الاحمد د. خالد
Published: October 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة الشبه تجريبية إلى تقصي أثر التغذية الراجعة على تطوير مهارات التلفظ و النطق لدى متعلمي اللغة الإنجليزية كلغة أجنبية في العراق ومساعدتهم على تطوير مهارة النطق لديهم من خلال استخدام أسلوب التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية الواضحة.  تألفت عينة الدراسة من طلبة المرحلة الأولى في الدراسة المتوسطة في مدرسة الرماح المتوسطة خلال الفصل الدراسي الثاني من العام الدراسي (2021-2022).

 تكونت عينة الدراسة من (40) طالبة في السنة الأولى، وتم تقسيم العينة إلى مجموعتين: المجموعة التجريبية والمجموعة الضابطة.  تلقت المجموعة التجريبية (وعددها 20) ملاحظات تصحيحية صريحة، بينما لم تتلق المجموعة الضابطة (وعددها 20) لأي نوع من التغذية الراجعة.  تعرضت المجموعتان لاختبار النطق في بداية التجربة التي استمرت لمدة ثلاثة أشهر.  ثم خضعت المجموعتان لاختبار بعدي.  أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن التغذية الراجعة التصحيحية الصريحة في المجموعة التجريبية كانت أكثر تأثيرًا منها في المجموعة الضابطة
FUNGSI DAN PERANAN BANK SYARIAH DAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN NON BANK
Authors: khasanah uswatun
Published: October 2022

Pengertian bank menurut Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 1992 Tentang Perbankan, Bank adalah badan usaha yang menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dalam bentuk simpanan dan menyalurkannya kepada masyarakat dalam rangka meningkatkan taraf hidup rakyat banyak.Pengertian bank menurut Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 1992 Tentang Perbankan, Bank adalah badan usaha yang menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dalam bentuk simpanan dan menyalurkannya kepada masyarakat dalam bentuk kredit dan atau bentuk-bentuk lainnya dalam rangka meningkatkan taraf hidup rakyat banyak.Sedangkan menurut Kasmir, menyatakan bahwa Bank adalah lembaga keuangan yang kegiatan utamanya adalah menghimpun dana dari masyarakat dan menyalurkannya kembali dana tersebut ke masyarakat serta memberikan jasa bank lainnya
[Poster] Safeguarding People against Social Media Frauds during the COVID-19 Oxygen Supply Crisis in India
Authors: KAPUR AAYUSH , Thakur Himanshu , Kumar Harsh
Published: October 2022

During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in India, the drastic increase in the number of COVID cases led to a positive demand shock for medical grade oxygen. However, an inadequate supply of oxygen created a huge supply-demand gap, making people resort to social media platforms in search of oxygen cylinders for their next of kin. While it alleviated problems for the masses, these desperate posts for oxygen attracted fraudsters, resulting in numerous people not getting oxygen on time. In this paper, we present research problems that arise from this crisis and argue that deep learning can be instrumental towards their solutions. Also, we propose a graph deep learning?based framework to elucidate a possible solution and incite further research in the domain.
One-year results of treatment of incompetent truncal veins and incompetent perforators using 8 and 4 second pulses of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU)
Authors: Whiteley Mark Steven , Kiely Melissa J , Croucher Alexandra A , Taylor Laura , Hughes Brittany E , Josserand Ewan , Abu-Bakr Omar
Published: October 2022

Introduction: High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is a new extra-corporeal, non-invasive thermoablative technique to treat superficial venous incompetence in leg veins, which left untreated can cause symptomatic varicose veins and venous leg ulcers. To date, there is limited data surrounding the treatment outcomes of HIFU. This study aims to show the 1-year results of using HIFU, using the first CE marked HIFU machine for the treatment of varicose veins (Theraclion, Paris, France). Method: Patients were treated with the HIFU machine with pulses of either 4 or 8 seconds. This study includes 51 patients, and 79 legs, with 43 truncal veins and 146 incompetent perforator veins. Patients were invited back for scans 1-2 weeks, 6-8 weeks, 6 months and 1 year after their treatment to identify the technical success rate of the HIFU treatment. No patients underwent phlebectomy, either at the time of HIFU treatment nor subsequently. Those patients with residual varicosities were treated with foam sclerotherapy as an adjunctive treatment. Results: Twenty-four patients who had truncal veins treated with HIFU returned at 1 year. Successful ablation of the target vein was found in 79.1%. The 1-year results for the treatment of incompetent perforator veins with HIFU was 84.5%, out of 71 scanned 1 year after treatment. The overall percentage success decreased slightly between 1-2 weeks post-treatment and 1-year post-treatment.Conclusion: The results produced by HIFU are similar to those of early EVTA. Some patients had adjunct ultrasound guided foam sclerotherapy to residual varicosities. The percentage success is expected to increase with experience and improved technology provided by the later generation machines.
Open research case study - Computational Modelling
Authors: Kirby Simon
Published: October 2022

Openness and transparency constitute a foundational principle for research integrity, as set out in the UK Concordat to Support Research Integrity. Openness can promote rigour, constructive scrutiny, accountability and can enable others to build on research. However, it can also bring challenges. Critically, what openness and transparency can and should mean varies across disciplines and fields of study. This is one of a series of case studies in a wide range of disciplines that illustrate these differences. The series is intended to enable researchers to see similarities and differences between fields, and to inform those supporting open research through, for example, training, policies or incentives. It is based on a single interview with a researcher, and is therefore illustrative rather than representative.
Open research case study - Sociology and Anthropology
Authors: Rinke Eike Mark
Published: October 2022

Openness and transparency constitute a foundational principle for research integrity, as set out in the UK Concordat to Support Research Integrity. Openness can promote rigour, constructive scrutiny, accountability and can enable others to build on research. However, it can also bring challenges. Critically, what openness and transparency can and should mean varies across disciplines and fields of study. This is one of a series of case studies in a wide range of disciplines that illustrate these differences. The series is intended to enable researchers to see similarities and differences between fields, and to inform those supporting open research through, for example, training, policies or incentives. It is based on a single interview with a researcher, and is therefore illustrative rather than representative.
Cognitive Resilience Under Stress: A Tradeoff Between Mental Well-being and Mobilization
Authors: Baker Melissa N , Denny Elaine
Published: October 2022

Interventions promoting cognitive resilience to stress reduce anxiety, but reduction in anxiety results in lower political engagement. In a field experiment, students at a Hispanic-serving Institution received randomized information about stress manage- ment strategies and resources. Over the following year, when pandemic stressors were particularly strong, students who received this stress management treatment showed anxiety levels 11% lower than control students. However, lower anxiety predicted lower political action, consistent with predictions from affective intelligence theory. Thus, the intervention improved mental health outcomes and reduced likelihood of becoming politically mobilized. A second survey experiment more precisely identifies the direct impact of cognitive resilience-promoting interventions on downstream anx- iety and political action. Qualitative insights provide more insights into mechanisms. Overall, these studies raise the question of what healthy political engagement looks like if mental wellness programming reduces anxiety – a normatively good outcome – but decreases anxiety-driven political engagement in the process.
Revisiting the electrophysiological correlates of valence and expectancy in reward processing – A Multi-lab replication
Authors: Paul Katharina , Angus Douglas Jozef , Bublatzky Florian , Dieterich Raoul , Endrass Tanja , Greenwood Lisa-Marie , Hajcak Greg , Jack Bradley N , Korinth Sebastian Peter , Kroczek Leon O. H. , Lucero Boris , Mundorf Annakarina , Nolden Sophie , Peterburs Jutta , Pfabigan Daniela M , Schettino Antonio , Severo Mario C. , Shing Yee Lee , Turan Gözem , van der Molen Melle J. W. , Wieser Matthias J , Willscheid Niclas , Mushtaq Faisal , Pavlov Yuri G. , Pourtois Gilles
Published: October 2022

Two event-related brain potential (ERP) components, the frontocentral feedback-related negativity (FRN) and the posterior P300, are key in feedback processing. The FRN typically exhibits greater amplitude in response to negative and unexpected outcomes, whereas the P300 is generally more pronounced for positive outcomes. In an influential ERP study, Hajcak et al., (2005) manipulated outcome valence and expectancy in a guessing task. They found the FRN was larger for negative outcomes regardless of expectancy and the P300 larger for unexpected outcomes regardless of valence. These findings challenged the dominant Reinforcement Learning Theory of the ERN. We aimed to replicate these results within the #EEGManyLabs project (Pavlov et al., 2021) across thirteen labs. Our replication, including robustness tests, a PCA and Bayesian models, found that both FRN and P300 were significantly modulated by outcome valence and expectancy: FRN amplitudes (no-reward - reward) were largest for unexpected outcomes, and P300 amplitudes were largest for reward outcomes. These results were consistent across different methods and analyses. Although our findings only partially replicate the original study, they underscore the complexity of feedback processing and demonstrate how aspects of Reinforcement Learning Theory may apply to the P300 component, reinforcing the need for rigorous ERP research methodologies.
Causal effect of video game play on mental well-being: a quasi-experimental study among Japanese population
Authors: Egami Hiroyuki , Rahman Shafiur , Yamamoto Tsuyoshi , Wakabayashi Takahisa , Egami Chihiro
Published: October 2022

Findings from previous observational and experimental studies on the relationship between video gaming and mental well-being have been inconsistent, warranting further investigation of their causal relationship outside a laboratory setting. Through the unique use of game console lotteries as a quasi-experiment, we identified the causal relationship between video gaming and well-being. We employed multiple causal inference methods, including multivariate regression, propensity score matching, and instrumental variable method, to estimate the average causal effect. Further, we utilized machine learning to evaluate the individual causal effects. Multiple-round online surveys of game players and non-players collected data from 97,602 Japanese participants aged 10-69 between 2020 and 2022. Exposures included ownership of popular game consoles (Nintendo Switch and PlayStation5) and gameplay time. We found that owning a Nintendo Switch or PlayStation5 and gameplay time improved mental health and life satisfaction, assessed by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Specifically, Nintendo Switch ownership reduced psychological distress by 0.60 standard deviations (SD), while PlayStation5 ownership decreased it by 0.12 SD. Similarly, PlayStation5 ownership improved life satisfaction by 0.23 SD. Further, an additional gaming hour reduced psychological distress by 0.20 SD and improved life satisfaction by 0.26 SD, though gaming beyond three hours daily lessened the psychological benefits. Machine learning revealed divergent impacts between consoles, with PlayStation5 showing lower benefits for females and adolescents, while no such pattern emerged for Nintendo Switch. These findings underscore moderate video gaming’s benefits for digital well-being and call for additional investigation into underlying mechanisms.
The development of spoken word recognition in informative and uninformative sentence contexts.
Authors: Blomquist Christina , Newman Rochelle , edwards jan
Published: October 2022

While there is ample evidence documenting the development of spoken word recognition from infancy into adolescence, it is still unclear how development of word-level processing interacts with higher-level sentence processing, such as the use of lexical-semantic cues to facilitate word recognition. We investigated how the ability to use an informative verb (e.g., draws) to predict an upcoming word (picture) and suppress competition from similar-sounding words (pickle) develops throughout the school-age years. Eye movements of children from two age groups (5-6 years and 9-10 years) were recorded while they heard a sentence with an informative or neutral verb (The brother draws/gets the small picture) in which the final word matched one of a set of four pictures, one of which was a cohort competitor (pickle). Both groups demonstrated use of the informative verb to more quickly access the target word and suppress cohort competition. Although the age groups showed similar ability to use semantic context to facilitate processing, the older children still demonstrated faster lexical access and more robust cohort suppression in both informative and uninformative contexts. This suggests that development of word-level processing facilitates access of top-down linguistic cues that support more efficient spoken language processing. While developmental differences in use of semantic context to facilitate lexical access were not explained by vocabulary knowledge, differences in the ability to suppress cohort competition were explained by vocabulary. This suggests a potential role for vocabulary knowledge in resolution of lexical competition, and perhaps the influence of lexical competition dynamics on vocabulary development.
When the Shoe Does Not Fit: The Role of Perspective-Taking Orientation in a Perspective-Taking Prejudice Reduction Intervention
Authors: Szekeres Hanna , Lantos Nóra Anna , Faragó Laura , Nyul Boglarka , Kende Anna
Published: October 2022

We tested how an individual’s general perspective-taking orientation impacts the effectiveness of a perspective-taking intervention aimed to reduce anti-Gypsyism in Hungary. To this purpose we adapted a role-playing book with a Roma adolescent protagonist (the “Gypsy Maze”) to a perspective-taking intervention. We predicted that the intervention would reduce prejudice for high perspective-takers (HPT), but it would be ineffective or even counterproductive among low perspective-takers (LPT). Specifically, in lack of propensity to take perspective, it would induce endorsement of justifying beliefs such as victim blaming, specifically, the delegitimization of Roma people (a dehumanizing belief justifying negative treatment of the group). To test our predictions, we conducted a pilot field study among high-school students and two online lab experiments among university students. In Study 1, participants (N = 475) were randomly assigned to participate in the intervention (Gypsy Maze), or in control conditions (taking perspective of a non-Roma protagonist, or neutrally reading the story about the Roma protagonist). We found that dispositional perspective-taking qualified the effect of the intervention. While HPTs endorsed less delegitimization following the intervention vs. control conditions, LPTs endorsed more. This backfiring result and causality were supported by Study 2 (N = 320), where prior to participating in the Gypsy Maze, participants practiced (situational) general perspective-taking mindset. We found that delegitimization was significantly higher in the low-PT mindset condition than in the high-PT or empty control conditions. These results draw attention to potential backfiring of intergroup perspective-taking interventions and in general, highlight the importance of personalized intergroup interventions.
THE FUTURE OF JUSTICE IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION
Authors: Umnova-Konyukhova Irina
Published: October 2022

The article examines the current aspects of the development of justice in the context of digitalization; assesses modern processes and prospects for the use of new technologies in the activities of judicial authorities; analyzes the views of scientists on the concept of digital justice, the level of development of legislation and judicial practice, reflecting the processes of introduction of digital technologies in judicial activity; identifies the limits and risks of digitalization and ways to counteract, allowing to preserve the humanistic essence and the basic principles of justice in the present and future.
ON THE LEGAL PROBLEMS OF APPLYING THE DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ARBITRATION
Authors: Ulyanov Alexei
Published: October 2022

The review considers the focus areas and implications of introducing the digital technologies into the system of arbitration. The widespread use of computer programs and devices for the organization of arbitration is noted, and suggestions for the use of artificial intelligence as an arbitrator are actively discussed. In general, there is measured optimism among lawyers regarding the appraisal of the perspectives for digitalization of arbitration.
THE CONFLICT IN UKRAINE AND MODERN PHILOSOPHY IN RUSSIA AND AROUND IT. PART 4
Authors: PUSHCHAEV Yuriy
Published: October 2022

The fourth part of the review discusses the dramatically changed situation around Ukraine due to the beginning of a special military operation by Russia and some related philosophical and political problems. It is stated that the Ukrainian events, which were previously almost unnoticed by Russian academic and professional philosophy, eventually culminated in events of an epoch-making scale, which in fact became a deafening failure of academic philosophy, all the more deafening because no one notices it so much. An overview of the first ideological and philosophical responses to the beginning of the «Z/V war» of Russia on the territory of Ukraine is given.
The Effect of Bioethanol and Pertamax Mixtures on Exhaust Gas Emissions from a 4-Stroke Engine in Motorcycle Matic
Authors: Listiyono Listiyono , Bahrain Muhammad Afif , Yudiyanto Eko
Published: October 2022

Bioethanol is an alternative fuel to substitute fossil oil. Bioethanol has several advantages in its use as a fuel in addition to its renewable nature, and bioethanol is also believed to reduce some motor vehicle emissions. The purpose and objective of this study were to determine the effect of a mixture of Bioethanol and Pertamax on gas emissions in a 4-stroke motor with variations in the fuel mixture and engine cycle. This test method is carried out with the measurement parameters of CO, HC, CO2, and O2. Tests on motor vehicles were carried out with variations of BP0 (0% Bioethanol) to BP100 (100% Bioethanol). The test results using a gas analyzer and analyzed using excel show that bioethanol cannot reduce exhaust gas emissions. Adding bioethanol fuel to Pertamax can also increase the fuel's octane number (RON) and specific gravity. From the available data, adding bioethanol can reduce HC emission levels by up to 4ppm at BP50 at 6000 rpm, increasing CO2 emissions by 13.4% at BP50 at 7000 rpm with a compression ratio of 13:1. For the lowest O2 emission level, it reaches 0.13%. at BP40 at 5000 rpm. CO emission levels are still relatively small in various mixtures with a yield of 0.01%, but at BP0 and BP80 at 13:1 compression, emissions tend to increase every rpm.
The Implementation of Online Practicum Classes During the Covid-19 Pandemic at Sampoerna University
Authors: Putra Indra Pertama , Ifat Ifat , Saptaji Kushendarsyah , Harjon Aditiya , Mulyaningsih Yheni
Published: October 2022

The unprecedented Covid-19 pandemic has altered the way educational institutions operate, including Sampoerna University. Distanced learning has been commonly implemented since then. Not only for taught classes but laboratories or practical activities, such as Mechanics of Materials and Machine Shop have also been organized virtually for the undergraduate student in the mechanical engineering study program. Two stages of activities were carried out during the conduct, namely the (1) preparatory stage, where all the teaching materials in the form of videos were prepared, and (2) virtual lab. At the end of the semester, the participating students were asked to fill out a questionnaire to evaluate the entire practicum process. The results revealed that, according to students, teaching and learning activities performed in such a way are quite effective and satisfying. Regardless, based on the survey result, the students expect to have practical activities conducted in person to gain hands-on experience.
Architekt-urzędnik w służbie rosyjskiej. Antoni Jabłoński Jasieńczyk (1854–1918)
Authors: Omilanowska-Kiljańczyk Małgorzata
Published: October 2022

The book does not only attempt to reconstruct the architectural and theoretical oeuvre of Antoni Jabłoński, but it also explores how Jasieńczyk, who spent his whole professional life working for Russian state institutions, operated in his Warsaw environment. Jasieńczyk’s most important architectural projects, including the buildings of the University of Warsaw Library, the Anatomopathological Institute and the Main Post Office in Warsaw were commissioned by state institutions.
Website Aesthetics and Technology Playfulness in Encouraging Customer Use of Online based Self-Service Technologies: Special Reference to Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka
Authors: Galdolage Sandamali , Rasanjalee Samudrika
Published: October 2022

Rapid technological advancements have aided the service sector's continued evolution, converting traditional physical service encounters managed by service professionals into self-service technologies (SSTs) controlled by customers. Despite the fact that prior studies have attempted to understand customers' technology acceptance in general, sufficient attention has not been paid to the study of self-service technologies, particularly Online based SSTs. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the website aesthetics and technology playfulness of online-based SSTs leading the use of self-service technologies in the Sri Lankan commercial banking industry. A qualitative approach was undertaken, conducting 50 semi-structured interviews with banking customers who use SSTs in the Western Province, Sri Lanka with the use of a non-probabilistic purposeful sampling strategy. The method of thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed “Information quality and guidance”, “Innovative systems and facilities”, “Use of multiple languages”, “High interactivity” and “Visually appealing techniques” as the five themes of website aesthetics and “Enjoyment”, “Exciting”, “Entertaining”, “Creativity”, “Delight” and “Appealing features” as the six themes of technology playfulness leading towards the use of online-based SSTs in the banking sector. The findings would occupy the vacuum of existing literature on the customer use of online-based self-service technologies. Practitioners will be given direction with the understanding on how consumers could be encouraged towards the use of online-based SSTs with the integration of website aesthetics and technology playfulness to improve the delivery of self-service technologies in the commercial banking sector.
Value Stream Analysis and Middlemen Impact of Skipjack Tuna and Smoothbelly Sardinella Dried Fish Value Chains in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wickrama Shalika Laksan , Koralagama Dilanthi , Abeysinghe Sandika
Published: October 2022

Value-added activities, chain structures, and middlemen impact are incomprehensible in the dried fish economy. Processors have a significant impact at the initial stage of the value chain, but little control over value chain management; however vastly monopolized by intermediaries. Yet, the processors receive poor returns compared to other actors in the value chain. Value stream analysis visualizes the value additions incorporated by all the actors and agents in the value chain. Despite the literature states of different returns along the value chain, a comprehensive mapping is needed to assess the contribution by actors and agents over Value Added (VA), Necessary Value Added (NVA) and Non-Necessary Value Added activities (NNVA). This will enable fair and efficient functions in the value chain. The same scenario is common in dried fish value chains in Sri Lanka which is inadequately researched. This study aims to conduct a value stream analysis, middlemen impact assessment, and their relationship for skipjack tuna and smoothbelly sardinella dried fish value chains representing the highest per-capita consumption dried fish varieties in Sri Lanka. Hambantota, Matara, Puttalam, and Gampaha were selected to conduct the study representing the highest dried fish production districts. A quantitative data collection method was adopted employing a pre-tested structured questionnaire. A simple random sampling technique was used to draw the sample from processors, wholesalers and retailers where the sample sizes were 100, ,40, and 40 respectively. Secondary data were collected from reputed published materials. Data were analyzed mainly using descriptive techniques. The number of VA, NV,A and NNVA activities are approximately decreased through the skipjack tuna value chain as processor (VA-10, NVA-01, NNVA-02), wholesaler (VA-2, NVA-1, NNVA-4) and retailer (VA-02, NVA-01, NNVA-01) and for smoothbelly sardinella processor (VA-08, NVA-01, NNVA-02), wholesaler (VA-02, NVA-01, NNVA-02) and retailer (VA-01, NVA-01, NNVA-02) levels. Time spent for each activity is decreased through value chain for both dried fish varieties. The market margins for skipjack tuna and smoothbelly sardinella are 46.64% and 38.19% respectively. Profit margins are increased along the value chain at the processor, wholesaler and retailer levels for skipjack tuna (9.63%, 15.25%, 27.22%) and smoothbelly sardinella (12.53%, 14.23%, 20.98%) respectively. In contrast, profit gain was not fairly distributed along the value chain proportionately contribution to activities and times spent by actors. This recommended an effective mechanism for fair profit sharing for dried fish actors based on their contribution to value addition and time spent on each activity.
مراجعة كتاب ما الليبرالية؟ الأخلاق، السياسة، المجتمع لكاثرين أودار
Authors: الكيكلي عبد السلام
Published: October 2022

عنوان الكتاب: ما الليبرالية؟ الأخلاق، السياسة، المجتمع.
العنوان الأصلي للكتاب: Qu'est-ce que le libéralisme? Ethique, politique, société
المؤلفة: كاثرين أودار.
المترجمة: سناء الصاروط.
الناشر: الدوحة/ بيروت: المركز العربي للأبحاث ودراسة السياسات، 2020.
عدد الصفحات: 680 صفحة.