bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Early Diagnosis of Risks and Management of Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Case Study
Authors: H. R. Rao Gundu
Published: March 2024

The case study presented underscores the importance of early identification of metabolic risks, effective management, and lifestyle modifications in preventing clinical complications associated with cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). The individual in the study, a South Asian immigrant, experienced the development of essential hypertension in his mid-50s, leading to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and mild diastolic dysfunction. However, through proactive measures such as early diagnosis of metabolic risks, robust management of cardiovascular disease (CVD), adherence to a heart-healthy diet, and lifestyle changes, he was able to avoid major clinical complications of diabetes and maintain overall well-being until the age of 87. The key takeaways from this case study align with broader public health initiatives aimed at addressing the global epidemic of metabolic diseases. The multifaceted and intricate nature of this problem requires a comprehensive approach that considers various factors contributing to the rising prevalence of these diseases. Primary prevention strategies, which focus on identifying and mitigating risk factors for CMDs before the onset of vascular disease, play a crucial role in curbing the epidemic. The success observed in this case study, highlights the potential impact of proactive management and lifestyle interventions, in preventing and mitigating the progression of cardiometabolic diseases. It emphasizes the need for increased awareness, early screening, and ongoing monitoring of individuals at risk. Additionally, promoting heart-healthy diets and encouraging lifestyle modifications, such as regular physical activity and stress reduction, are essential components of a holistic approach to cardiometabolic health. Despite the positive outcomes demonstrated in this case, the article acknowledges that the global response to preventing both communicable and non-communicable diseases has been tepid, with varying levels of enthusiasm for developing primary prevention strategies across different nations. Addressing this challenge requires coordinated efforts at the individual, community, and policy levels to promote a culture of preventive healthcare. In conclusion, the findings of this case study contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the efficacy of early diagnosis of metabolic risks, effective management, and lifestyle modifications in preventing clinical complications associated with cardiometabolic diseases. The lessons learned from individual cases can inform broader public health initiatives and underscore the importance of a proactive and comprehensive approach to address the escalating prevalence of metabolic diseases globally
The Role of Chest Radiology in Traumatic Injuries: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Authors: Eleni Malafi Maria
Published: March 2024

Chest trauma is a critical medical condition that encompasses a range of injuries and can result from various causes. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial in managing chest trauma patients and radiology plays a pivotal role in this aspect. Imaging modalities in chest trauma aid in precise diagnosis and treatment planning. Especially, X-rays remain the initial imaging modality of choice due to their accessibility, speed, and ability to detect acute life-threatening conditions. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan offers detailed cross- sectional images allowing for comprehensive evaluation of chest trauma and surgical planning when necessary. Ultrasound (US) is increasingly valuable tool due to its portability and real-time imaging capabilities, aiding in rapid assessment at the bedside. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is less commonly used due to time constraints and limited availability. Radiological imaging serves various purposes in the diagnosis and management of chest trauma such as early detection and triage, characterization and severity assessment, surgical planning, follow-up and monitoring of chest trauma. Reduction of radiation exposure, advancements in imaging technology (dual-energy CT, contrastenhanced imaging) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms are crucial challenges and deserve attention. A multidisciplinary approach integrating radiological expertise remains fundamental in ensuring optimal outcomes for patients with chest trauma.
Questions for Proponents of Bekesy's Theory
Authors: Myjkowski Jan
Published: March 2024

The theory of hearing called Bekesy’s traveling wave theory, announced in 1928 by a young engineer from Budapest, Georg Bekesy (1899-1972), was revised and supplemented many times. In 1961 it was awarded the Nobel Prize. It still contains several ambiguities that require analysis. The most important points requiring clarification include • Sound wave resonance in the cochlear fluids with the transverse wave of the basilar membrane. • Own vibrations of the basilar membrane. • Frequency resolution associated with the basilar membrane. • Transmission of information through the cochlear fluid. • Tip-link mechanism. • Amplification of quiet sounds by OHC contraction • The pathway of auditory information conducted to the receptor.
Coupled Axisymmetric Thermoelectroelasticity Problem for a Round Rigidly Fixed Plate
Authors: Shlyakhin D. A. , Savinova E. V.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. To describe the operation of temperature piezoceramic structures, the theory of thermoelectroelasticity is used, in which the mathematical model is formulated as a system of nonself-adjoint differential equations.  The complexity of its integration in general leads to the study of problems in an unrelated formulation. This does not allow us to evaluate the effect of electroelastic fields on temperature. The literature does not present studies on these problems in a three-dimensional coupled formulation in which closed solutions would be constructed. At the same time, conducting such studies allows us to understand the interaction picture of mechanical, thermal and electric fields in a structure. To solve this problem, a new closed solution of a coupled problem for a piezoceramic round rigidly fixed plate has been constructed in this research. It provides for qualitative assessment of the cross impact of thermoelectroelastic fields in this electroelastic system.

Materials and Methods. The object of the study is a piezoceramic plate. The case of unsteady temperature change on its upper front surface is considered, taking into account the convection heat exchange of the lower plane with the environment (boundary conditions of the 1st and 3rd kind). The electric field induced as a result of the thermal strain generation is fixed by connecting the electrodated surfaces to the measuring device. The thermoelectroelasticity problem includes the equations of equilibrium, electrostatics, and the unsteady hyperbolic heat equation. It is solved by the generalized method of finite biorthogonal transformation, which makes it possible to construct a closed solution of a nonself-adjoint system of equations.

Results. A new closed solution of the coupled axisymmetric thermoelectroelasticity problem for a round plate made of piezoceramic material was constructed.

Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained solution to the initial boundary value problem made it possible to determine the temperature, electric and elastic fields induced in a piezoceramic element under arbitrary temperature axisymmetric external action. The calculations performed provided determining the dimensions of solid electrodes, which made it possible to increase the functionality of piezoceramic transducers. Numerical analysis of the results enabled us to identify new connections between the nature of external temperature action, the deformation process, and the value of the electric field in a piezoceramic structure. This can validate a proper program of experiments under their designing and significantly reduce the volume of field studies.
Computer Program for Primer Design for Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)
Authors: Akhmetzianov L. U.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. To date, numerous methods of nucleic acid amplification have been proposed, and each method has a number of advantages and disadvantages. One of the most popular methods is Loop-mediated isothermal AMPlification (LAMP). Unlike thermocyclic reactions, such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction), which require three temperature changes and expensive equipment, in LAMP, the entire reaction takes place at one and the same temperature and at the maximum rate possible. An important component of LAMP-amplification is primers (usually 20–25 nucleotides), which need to be matched to a specific part of the nucleotide sequence. It is known that DNA sequence contains four nucleotides: A — adenine and T — thymine, G — guanine and C — cytosine. There is a huge variety of permutations of these nucleotides, and it is practically impossible to analyze such a large amount of data manually. Therefore, there is a need to use modern computer technologies. More than 150 computer programs have been proposed for the design of PCR primers, while for LAMP-primers there are less than 10 of them, and each of them has a number of drawbacks, e.g., in terms of the length of the analyzed site. Therefore, this work is aimed at developing a new domestic computer program for the design of specific primers for LAMP.

Materials and Methods. The primer search algorithm was based on a linear search for a substring in a string, taking into account the criteria of primer selection for LAMP. The program complex of LAMP-primer design was implemented in Python programming language. The bioPython library was used to work with various DNA and RNA, and the Qt framework was used to develop the interface.

Results. A modification of the direct sampling method using a stencil approach was proposed, taking into account the GC composition and annealing temperature of primers depending on their structure. A software package with a friendly interface was developed. It took into account the design criteria of primers: certificates of registration of computer programs (LAMPrimers iQ No. 2022617417 dated April 20, 2022, LAMPrimers iQ_loop No. 2023662840 dated June 14, 2023) were received. The program is in the public domain at https://github.com/Restily/LAMPrimers-iQ

Discussion and Conclusion. The developed software packages can be used for research and analysis in molecular biology and genetics, to create diagnostic test systems that provide high sensitivity and reliability of detection of specific DNA and RNA. The software packages can be used in research institutes and laboratories engaged in the amplification of nucleic acids. The results of evaluating the selected sets of primers for the LAMP reaction were tested, and the effectiveness of working sets using the LAMPrimers iQ program was experimentally proven by the example of the detection of genetic material of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus.
The estimation of the long-term drift of the inductance measurement standards
Authors: Velychko Oleh , Gordiyenko Tetyana
Published: March 2024

Inductance measurements are important in many fields, especially in electronics, electrical engineering, radio engineering, and other areas. The inductance is often an important parameter in a wide range of applications such as radio transmitters, power circuits, magnetic resonance pulsed sources, etc. The accuracy of the inductance affects the quality of products, especially in devices where inductors are used, such as filters, transformers, inverters, etc. High-precision inductance measurements are used for the product quality control to ensure that manufactured devices meet established specifications and standards.

Drift is an undesirable property of all measuring instruments and measurement standards during their life cycle. The analysis of the instrumental drift of measurement standards is of great importance in metrology. Reliable drift accounting plays an important role in maintaining measurement accuracy. For electrical measurement standards, the long-term drift is predictable. The drift types and main methods of its estimation for measurement standards between their calibrations were analysed. The drift uncertainty can be evaluated from the history of successive calibrations, and in the absence of such history, the order of magnitude of the calibration uncertainty can be estimated.

The results of the estimation of the long-term drift of the inductance measurement standards for high-precision calibration of measuring instruments and measurement standards by two methods, polynomial regression curves and Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) schemes, are given. The EWMA schemes reduce the lag inherent in traditional moving averages by giving more weight to recent observations. It is shown that the use of the EWMA schemes compared to the regression analysis shows greater sensitivity to the drift changes in the last years of observations. This allows the laboratory to take this factor into account when calibrating measuring instruments and measurement standards.
Literature as a Vehicle for Ideas: Indulekha and the Victorianization of Kerala Society
Authors: N.S. Ahinasha
Published: March 2024

O. Chandumenon's Indulekha, published in 1889, is generally considered to be the first Malayalam novel. The book was a complete success. The first edition sold out within three months and the English translation was published within a year. By 1989, the 100th anniversary of the novel's publication,
Men as victims of domestic violence: aspects of legal regulation
Authors: Andrusiak I. P.
Published: March 2024

The representative article is devoted to the legal regulation of prevention and counteraction of domestic violence against men in Ukraine. It is pointed out the lack of due attention of the scientific legal doctrine to the problems of domestic violence, especially regarding the connotation of men as victims of this de-axiological phenomenon.

It is motivated that the peculiarity of the socio-legal position of men as victims of domestic violence is that they often face social stereotypes and complicated challenges associated with insufficient recognition of their vulnerability due to socio-cultural ideas about traditional gender roles. Society often deliberately or indirectly places men in the role of the «strong half», which can lead to stigma and internal conflicts that make it difficult to identify the facts of domestic violence.

The spread of the gender «stereotype of domestic violence» was dropped.

It has been proven that socio-cultural stereotypes that assign men the role of strong, steadfast and self-sufficient make it difficult to recognize and accept their vulnerability.

The article indicates that the latency of such a negative phenomenon among men is also due to the fact that the social reaction can be reinforced by the lack of appropriate resources and services that specialize in supporting men, and the lack of widespread awareness of their problem among the public. Men who become victims of domestic violence often feel a deep fear that they will not be believed or understood, it is caused by difficulties in society’s perception of the image of a male victim, which contradicts traditional ideas about male strength and independence.

The legal need for special legal regulation regarding male victims of domestic violence is motivated by the recognition that men can also become the object of violence and need the protection and support of social and legal mechanisms. The proposed set of such measures includes preventive, psychological, legal, socio-cultural and organizational and managerial spheres.
The military ombudsman as an institutional guarantee for the protection of military personnel rights (based on foreign experience)
Authors: Martselіak O. V.
Published: March 2024

The article draws attention to the fact that today, in the conditions of Russian aggression, the state of compliance with the rights of domestic servicemen has significantly deteriorated, which requires the improvement of the constitutional and legal tools for their protection. The foreign experience of developed democratic countries in solving the problem of effectively ensuring the rights of the military through the introduction of specialized ombudsmen in the affairs of the armed forces is analyzed. The legal nature of military ombudsmen as specialized human rights institutions that have proven themselves positively in a number of states, the history of their introduction, and the positive consequences of their functioning are studied. Considerable attention in the work is devoted to the models of specialized ombudsmen in the affairs of the armed forces: a) regarding their legislative recognition and regulation of legal status (at the level of the country’s constitution, law or by-law); b) places in the structure of state power (parliamentary and executive); c) models that are structurally part of the armed forces; are not part of the armed forces, but are authorized to deal exclusively with military issues and ombudsmen of general competence, in which the function of protecting the rights of military personnel is provided for by law; d) individual ombudsmen and collegial ombudsman services; e) various models of ombudsmen in the affairs of the armed forces, depending on the scope and specificity of their powers. It was concluded that for Ukraine in the conditions of war, the introduction of the institute of the military ombudsman is not just timely, it is extremely necessary. The emergence of this institution, on the one hand, will complement the existing means of protecting the constitutional rights and freedoms of the military, on the other hand, it will contribute to the maintenance of their faith in justice, which will generally neutralize the wary attitude of military personnel towards the authorities, and mitigate conflicts between the state, its bodies, and the military. The military ombudsman, exercising his supervisory and human rights powers, will not only contribute to the effective protection of the rights of the military, but also mitigate the contradictions between the state and civil spheres, promote the democratization of the national military sphere, which under his influence should become more responsive to needs and requests of military personnel, which will ultimately guarantee the “democratization” of the military bureaucracy, which, thanks to his activities, will show more attention, sympathy and concern for military personnel.
Legal nature of marital relations: theory and practice
Authors: Melnik O. O.
Published: March 2024

The family is the primary and main center of society. The family is the main institution of society. In turn, the institution of the family includes many more private institutions, namely the institution of marriage, the institution of kinship, the institution of motherhood and fatherhood, the institution of property, the institution of social protection of childhood and guardianship, and others.

Marriage is an institution that regulates the relationship between a man and a woman. It is marriage in human society that is considered the only acceptable, socially approved and legally established form.

Marriage is the family union of a woman and a man, registered in the state registry of civil status acts. Persons who have reached marriageable age have the right to marry. Marriage is based on the free consent of a woman and a man.

The religious rite of marriage takes place now everywhere in Ukraine. The spiritual majesty of the temple or even the smallest church with church singing, crowns on the heads of the bride and groom, kind parting words of the priest - all this makes the wedding an unforgettable event in life. However, the religious rite of marriage has no legal significance. The religious rite of marriage, as before, does not create the rights and obligations of a spouse, remaining a personal matter of a woman and a man. Persons who, after the wedding, live together without registering a marriage have the status of a family, but do not have the legal status of spouses.

Legal regulation of family relations is the main task of the Family Code of Ukraine, which defines the principles of marriage, personal non-property and property rights and obligations of spouses, the grounds for their origin, the content of personal non-property and property rights and obligations of parents and children, adopters and adoptees, other members family and relatives.

Family relations are regulated by the Family Code of Ukraine with the aim of strengthening the family as a social institution and as a union of specific persons, establishing a sense of duty to parents, children and other family members, building family relations on the basis of parity, on feelings of mutual love and respect, mutual help and support, providing each child with family upbringing, the possibility of spiritual and physical development.

A marriage is terminated as a result of its dissolution by joint application of the spouses or one of them. A marriage is terminated as a result of its dissolution by a joint application of the spouses on the basis of a court decision. A marriage is terminated as a result of its dissolution at the request of one of the spouses on the basis of a court decision in accordance with the Family Code of Ukraine.
The concept and legal nature of personal non-property rights of the wife in the doctrine of family law
Authors: Oksaniuk O. A.
Published: March 2024

In the scientific article, the author conducted a scientific study of the concept and legal nature of personal non-property rights of spouses. On the basis of the conducted research, the author came to the conclusion that the personal non-property rights of spouses in the family law doctrine are considered as: subjective family rights, as those opportunities, those powers that are defined by family legislation or other sources of family law, arise in connection with state registration of marriage and can be exercised by the spouses or one of them as the bearer of these rights; how relations regarding personal non- property goods and interests of married persons are regulated by the norms of family law; complex – as subjective family rights and as legal relations that arise in connection with the realization of these rights; in the civil legal context, as a manifestation of personal non-property rights of spouses. The article also concluded that the characteristics of personal non-property rights of spouses as family rights are that they arise from the fact of involvement in family relations, as well as determination by family law or other sources of family law. Special features of personal non-property rights precisely as the rights of spouses are their intangible, long-term nature, their existence as long as a woman or a man has the legal status of a spouse, that is, during the existence of a marriage; inalienability; the basis for their occurrence is the state registration of marriage, termination - its termination; the fact of joint or separate residence, as well as the fact that the spouses establish a regime of separate residence of the spouses, do not cause a change or termination of the specified rights, but may lead to changes in the procedure for exercising these rights by one of the spouses; their carriers are only spouses; the exercise of these rights is possible subject to agreement with the other spouse and taking into account the interests of the family as a whole; connection with customs, traditions, moral norms; their inexhaustibility by those rights defined in family legislation; the rights of one spouse correspond to the obligation of the other to refrain from violating them (they are relative in nature).
Protection of children’s personal data in social networks in the context of the right to be forgotten
Authors: Sadovska D. I.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to a legal analysis of the protection of the confidentiality of children’s personal data on social networks in the context of the right to be forgotten and the General Data Protection Regulation. It is established that most social networks have their own usage rules, but their priority is to attract more users and company profit rather than the security of users’ personal data. Legal mechanisms for the implementation and protection of human rights in the digital environment are in the process of formation and improvement. It is proven that the application of the right to be forgotten has become one of the forms of personal data protection in social networks and on the Internet in general. Although initially the right to erasure emerged only at the level of the judicial practice of the Court of Justice of the EU, an effective mechanism has now been created to protect the individual’s right to delete outdated information about themselves, taking into account the balance between the right to privacy and the right to freedom of expression. Due to psychological immaturity and limited life experience, children and adolescents may casually disclose sensitive personal information, increasing the likelihood of abuse by both social networks and third parties. Therefore, minors receive special protection as vulnerable user categories according to the General Data Protection Regulation. It is argued that the incorporation of the right to be forgotten into EU legislation helps eliminate undesirable consequences of oversharing and restores minors’ ability to control their digital footprint. The terms of service of most social networks ensure additional protection of minors’ data and provide several options for deleting already disseminated information. Obstacles to the application of the right to be forgotten in social networks are identified, such as the lack of a developed mechanism for deleting photos or videos with minors published without the consent of the child or their parents by another user, the limited ability of users under 13 years old to request deletion without intermediaries, and the limited liability of social networks for the loss of information, data, and direct or indirect damages from such actions.
Peculiarities of compensation for damage caused by the death of a minor
Authors: Skrynyk M. V.
Published: March 2024

This article is emphasised of compensating for damages resulting from the death of a minor. The loss of a minor is an emotionally devastating event for any family, compounded by the complex legal considerations surrounding compensation for the damages incurred. This abstract delves into the peculiarities of compensation for damages arising from the death of a minor, examining the multifaceted dimensions that legal systems must navigate.

The author explores the peculiarities surrounding compensation in such cases, shedding light on the legal frameworks, precedents, and challenges that shape the compensation process. In many jurisdictions, the calculation of compensation for the death of a minor involves intricate assessments of both tangible and intangible losses. While quantifiable expenses such as medical bills and funeral costs are relatively straightforward, the valuation of non-economic damages, such as loss of companionship, guidance, and future earnings potential, poses significant challenges. The inherent difficulty in assigning monetary value to these intangible losses underscores the need for nuanced legal frameworks sensitive to the unique circumstances of each case.

The analysis of scientific literature is covered various aspects, including legal responsibilities, the determination of damages, and the establishment of liability. The determination of liability in cases involving the death of a minor often raises complex questions of causation and responsibility. Legal systems must carefully consider factors such as negligence, wrongful acts, and contributory negligence, weighing the actions of all parties involved to ascertain accountability. In cases where the death results from medical malpractice or accidents, the burden of proof may be particularly onerous, requiring thorough investigation and expert testimony.

The article is examined potential reforms and policy considerations that may enhance the adequacy and fairness of compensation for the death of a minor. It navigates through the complexities of assigning a monetary value to intangible losses, such as the emotional and psychological suffering endured by the bereaved family. In conclusion, the compensation for damages caused by the death of a minor is a multifaceted issue that demands careful consideration of legal, ethical, and societal factors.
Peculiarities of property rights protection, their specific application to objects
Authors: Tatyanchenko S. A.
Published: March 2024

The article examines the issue of the specifics of the protection of property rights, the specifics of their application to objects.

Article 13 of the Constitution of Ukraine declares that the fundamental principle of in the field of protection of property rights there is a provision that the state provides equal protection of all subjects of property rights. In recent years, the question of protection of property rights has gained important theoretical and practical importance. The analysis of modern judicial practice shows that there is no unified position of judicial bodies on the resolution of disputes related to the violation of property rights. Courts of general jurisdiction and commercial courts, when considering disputes related to the protection of violated rights, ambiguously apply the norms of current legislation, therefore, the uncertainty of judicial authorities in the matter of the uniform application of the provisions of civil law to disputes of this category leads to the violation of the constitutional rights of owners.

It is emphasized that the protection of property rights is a complex of civil legal means, which are aimed, on the one hand, at ensuring the normal economic use of property and maintaining property rights in an intact state, and, on the other hand, at restoring violated property relations, overcoming obstacles to their normal functioning and compensation for damages caused to the owner.

As a conclusion, it is said that the protection of property rights acts as an independent subjective right that arises at the moment when there is a threat of its violation or dispute. This right includes powers, each of which involves the active implementation of positive actions.

In the field of legal relations related to the protection of property rights, the objects of protection are directly the rights to certain objects. It is these rights that can be violated by other persons, and it is for their protection that the civil law provides for various means that a person can use to protect his violated or disputed rights, which are subject to protection by the law of interests.

Subjects of legal relations related to the protection of property rights are, on the one hand, persons who have property rights to a specific object, and persons who retain property in accordance with relevant contracts or laws, and who, accordingly to legal norms, have the right to demand protection of their violated subjective rights. On the other hand, these are persons whose actions led to the unlawful violation of subjective rights to property objects.
Ukraine’s post-war recovery program as a basis for the development of electric vehicles and electric infrastructure
Authors: Marasin O. V.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the determination of the development of domestic electric vehicle transport and electric vehicle infrastructure on the basis of such an economic and legal instrument as the post-war recovery program of Ukraine, taking into account EU approaches in the legal regulation of decarbonization of the transport sector. The European Commission adopted the Communiqué to the European Parliament, the European Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions «Assistance and Reconstruction of Ukraine» on 18.05.2022, where the provision of funds for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine is conditioned by our country’s compliance with current European policies and standards, one of which there is decarbonization. Therefore, Ukraine should carry out post-war reconstruction taking into account the experience and approaches outlined by the international acts of the EU. The National Council for the Recovery of Ukraine from the Consequences of the War, a consultative and advisory body under the President of Ukraine, proposed a draft Plan for the Recovery of Ukraine. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the project component of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine «Restoration and development of infrastructure». It was concluded that the project of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine and its component «Recovery and development of infrastructure» is an economic and legal instrument of a programmatic nature. It establishes a systematic approach to the more active use of electric vehicles and the development of electric charging stations. The plan defines short-term, medium-term and strategic tasks for the development of electric mobility infrastructure. The general program approaches defined in this act correspond to the directions established by the normative legal acts that were adopted to regulate the issues of environmentalization of the domestic transport sector before the war, as well as the general directions of the development of the charging infrastructure of electric vehicles, outlined by the international acts adopted in the EU. The disadvantage is that a complete transition to electric transport for the transportation of passengers on urban and suburban routes is foreseen in the medium term, which is an extremely limited period. In the Plan, it is expedient to use the objective indicators of the development of the system of electric filling stations, which are established in the domestic regulatory and technical acts. Also, the directions of the development of electric transport and the network of electric gas stations should be reflected in the programs of comprehensive restoration of the region, the territory of the territorial community.
Features of state regulation of defense procurements
Authors: Shvydka T. I.
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of state regulation in the field of public procurement, in particular in the defense-industrial complex. The main law defining the basic principles and mechanisms of procurement is the Law of Ukraine «On Public Procurement». However, during the period of martial law, many changes were made in the procedures and mechanisms of public procurement, changes were already made more than once, through the adoption of separate laws and by-laws. The article analyzes the peculiarities of the application of public procurement mechanisms in certain sectors of the economy, in particular the defense-industrial complex. The necessity of modernization and improvement the procurement procedures for successful and effective compliance with the principles of competition and overcoming corruption, and other principles stipulated by legislation, is argued. Mechanisms for conducting procurement procedures are analyzed as one of the key elements of increasing the effectiveness of state economic policy, which is based, in particular, on the principles of fair competition, openness and transparency, non-discrimination of participants, objectivity and impartiality of evaluation of tender offers.

It is substantiated that it is important to borrow international procurement experience to ensure compliance of national legislation with EU legislation. The issue of ensuring the appropriate level of defense capability of Ukraine in the conditions of countering full-scale military aggression on the territory of Ukraine by the Russian Federation is quite acute. A pressing challenge now is to ensure the rational spending of budget funds and the effective functioning and development of the state defense procurement system. It has been proven that the mechanism for the redistribution of budget funds should have the most transparent order of organization and the order of execution of the concluded procurement contract, which in the case of defense procurement involves reducing the number of closed procurements, excessive secrecy, increasing competitive procedures in the procurement of imported products and services, further improving pricing, canceling profit limits, accounting for inflation and life cycle cost.

It is argued that consideration of physical, economic and informational security requirements is extremely important. It is about compliance with the principles of protecting customers from military threats, ensuring the simplification of public procurement by reducing the terms of the procurement procedure and simplifying the requirements for procedure participants, the effectiveness of the procurement process and the efficiency of the use of funds, primarily through the involvement of domestic entrepreneurs in tenders and ensuring the development of the domestic market, stability and defense capability.
Assessment of Health Risks Associated with the Presence of Phthalate Esters in Tea Samples: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: İşçi Gürsel
Published: March 2024

This study presents novel insights into the occurrence of phthalate esters (PAEs) in tea samples consumed in Turkey. Employing multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with precursor-product ion transitions, quantitative and qualitative analyses of PAEs were conducted using an LC-MS/MS system. A dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE) technique was utilized to determine the PAE contents in the tea samples. The limit of detection for all PAEs ranged from 0.350 to 1.882 ng/mL, while the limit of quantification ranged from 1.165 to 6.273 ng/mL. Moreover, strong correlations were observed with R2 values exceeding 0.996 for all PAEs, indicating robustness. Recovery studies demonstrated satisfactory results, falling within the range of 92.20% to 97.24%, indicating effective retrieval. The relative standard deviation values for the target PAEs ranged from 3.22% to 5.54%. The study findings indicate that PAE levels in the tea samples generally comply with permissible limits set by EU regulations, except for DBP (1807.70±1478.86 ng/mL). Notably, DBP and DINP (941.44±852.80 ng/mL) were identified as the predominant plasticizers in the tea samples. Health risk assessment, conducted through hazard quotient and hazard index calculations across various age groups, consistently yielded values below 1 for DEP, DEHP, DINP, BBP, and DBP, suggesting minimal non-carcinogenic health risks associated with tea consumption across all age groups. Furthermore, the intake of individual phthalate esters, including DEP, DEHP, DINP, BBP, and DBP, remained below acceptable daily limits defined by the EFSA. Although some tea products exhibited slightly elevated PAE levels, overall, the study emphasizes the importance of continuous monitoring and regulations to ensure the safety of packaged tea and mitigate potential long-term exposure risks linked to PAEs.
Water hammer mitigation by internal rubber hose
Authors: Kubrak Michał
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research was to experimentally analyse the possibility of using a rubber hose placed inside a pipeline to mitigate the water hammer phenomenon. The experiments were conducted using a steel pipeline with an inner diameter of 53 mm and an EPDM rubber hose with a diameter of 6 mm. Hydraulic transients were induced by a rapid closure of the valve located at the downstream end of the pipeline system. In order to analyse the influence of steady-state flow conditions on the maximum pressure increase, measurements were carried out for different values of initial pressure and discharge. The experimental results indicate that placing a rubber hose inside a pipeline can substantially attenuate valve-induced pressure oscillations. It was observed that the initial pressure has a significant influence on the capacity of the rubber hose to dampen the water hammer phenomenon. Comparative numerical calculations were performed using the Brunone–Vitkovský instant acceleration-based model of unsteady friction. It was demonstrated that this approach does not allow satisfactory reproduction of the observed pressure oscillations due to the viscoelastic properties of the EPDM hose used in the tests.
Determining the trend of geometrical changes of a hydrotechnical object based on data in the form of LiDAR point clouds
Authors: Kowalska Maria , Zaczek-Peplinska Janina , Piasta Łukasz
Published: March 2024

Monitoring the technical condition of hydrotechnical facilities is crucial for ensuring their safe usage. This process typically involves tracking environmental variables (e.g., concrete damming levels, temperatures, piezometer readings) as well as geometric and physical variables (deformation, cracking, filtration, pore pressure, etc.), whose long-term trends provide valuable information for facility managers. Research on the methods of analyzing geodetic monitoring data (manual and automatic) and sensor data is vital for assessing the technical condition and safety of facilities, particularly when utilizing new measurement technologies. Emerging technologies for obtaining data on the changes in the surface of objects employ laser scanning techniques (such as LiDAR, Light Detection, and Ranging) from various heights: terrestrial, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, drones), and satellites using sensors that record geospatial and multispectral data. This article introduces an algorithm to determine geometric change trends using terrestrial laser scanning data for both concrete and earth surfaces. In the consecutive steps of the algorithm, normal vectors were utilized to analyze changes, calculate local surface deflection angles, and determine object alterations. These normal vectors were derived by fitting local planes to the point cloud using the least squares method. In most applications, surface strain and deformation analyses based on laser scanning point clouds primarily involve direct comparisons using the Cloud to Cloud (C2C) method, resulting in complex, difficult-to-interpret deformation maps. In contrast, preliminary trend analysis using local normal vectors allows for rapid threat detection. This approach significantly reduces calculations, with detailed point cloud interpretation commencing only after detecting a change on the object indicated by normal vectors in the form of an increasing deflection trend. Referred to as the cluster algorithm by the authors of this paper, this method can be applied to monitor both concrete and earth objects, with examples of analyses for different object types presented in the article.
Prediction of CPTu static sounding parameters based on DPH dynamic probing heavy test on the example of “the Praski terrace” sands inWarsaw title
Authors: Zawrzykraj Piotr Zbigniew , Bąkowska Anna
Published: March 2024

This paper attempts to relate the parameters obtained from CPTu static sounding and DPH dynamic test conducted in non-cohesive alluvial deposits of the Vistula River. The investigation was carried out in eight test stations located on the left bank of the Vistula River in Warsaw. The presented theses were based on the results of static CPTU and dynamic DPH tests obtained at 8 test stations. Additionally, in order to associate the obtained sounding results to the lithological type of the tested medium, drillings and grain size analyses were performed. The correlation of the different test methods stems from the need to identify and explain observed discrepancies against the background of different geological conditions, such as moisture content or grain size distribution. The comparative analysis of the parameters obtained from static and dynamic probing, is relevant to the alluvial sediments formed the lower over-flood terrace (called “the Praski terrace”) of Warsaw. Based on the comparison this paper proposes a correlation between the cone penetration resistance the sleeve friction and the number of blows, expressed by the functional relationship. Differences in the matching formulas were shown depending on the saturation of the tested sediments. Correlations were referred to a soil type, which enabled to specify the range of applicability of the proposed relationships. The results of the study were further used to show their diversity using statistical methods. This made it possible to assess the variability of the parameters of the non-cohesive soil, which forms a single lithogenetic unit.
Structural characteristics and variable mass permeability of fall column broken rock mass
Authors: Suo Jie , Qin Qirong , Li Zhenhua
Published: March 2024

In order to analyze the relationship between the configuration characteristics, variable mass permeability characteristics and the catastrophe mechanism of falling column process, The influence of the permeability was studied by diffraction instrument, And using the seepage test system of the fall column, The seepage instability process of variable mass broken rock mass is analyzed, The findings suggest that, The proportion of coarse particles accounted for 89.86%, Fine particles accounted for 10.14%, Broken rock particles is better, Low compression performance; The fall column, under strong hydrodynamic conditions, Due to its strong characteristics of migration and loss with water flow, It is easy to induce the subsidence column protrusion water disaster; As the ratio between coarse and fine aggregates increases, Porosity and permeability are both increased; When the axial displacement does not change, With the increasing circumference pressure, The permeability of the broken rock samples is decreasing; The fitting of the seepage velocity of the broken rock mass to the pore pressure gradient follows the Forchheimer relationship, The seepage of the broken rock mass belongs to the category of non-Darcy flow under the triaxial stress; The instability of the subsidence column fracture rock mass presents three seepage instability forms: initial seepage stage, seepage mutation stage and piping stage in different stages.
Experimental of buckling restrained brace hysteretic performance with carbon fiber wrapped in concrete
Authors: Fang Yuan , Lv Lei , Gao Yuqiang , Fu Zhongqiu
Published: March 2024

Buckling restrained brace is an important structure for improving the seismic resistance of structures. Conducting research on new types of buckling restrained brace can improve the seismic performance and reliability of buckling resistant support. Four different types of buckling restrained braces specimens were designed and manufactured: cross-shaped square steel pipe members, cross-shaped round steel pipe members, cross-shaped carbon fiber members, and in-line carbon fiber members. By conducting quasi-static tests, the force displacement hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, stiffness degradation, equivalent viscous damping coefficient, and energy dissipation ratio of four different types of buckling restrained brace were analyzed. The research results showed that all four buckling restrained brace specimens have good hysteresis performance. The load-bearing capacity and energy consumption performance of the three specimens of square steel pipe, round steel pipe and carbon fiber with the same core unit are the same, but the inline type is worse than the cross type. The core unit specimen with a width of 80 mm is about 60% higher in bearing capacity and energy consumption than a specimen with a width of 50 mm. The core unit of some specimens undergoes multi-wave buckling. For carbon fiber specimens, the CFRP is prone to breakage due to the lateral thrust of the restraining unit. Therefore, steel hoop or stirrup should be added to the end to improve the restraint effect when designing and manufacturing.