bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Međuodnos obrazovnih reformi i vanjskog vrednovanja učeničkih postignuća u kontekstu švedskog obrazovnog sustava
Authors: Ćosić Maja
Published: December 2024

U području obrazovnih politika i prikazu dinamičnosti procesa donošenja reformi značajnu ulogu ima aspekt vanjskog vrednovanja u kontekstu pokretanja i provedbe obrazovnih reformi. Teorijski prikaz osnovnih pokretača obrazovnih promjena ukazuje na promjene u procesu donošenja nacionalnih reformi, jedinstvenih za pojedini obrazovni sustav, uz uvid u ujednačenost nacionalnih reformi sa svjetskim reformama koje teže standardizaciji i tržišnoj orijentiranosti obrazovanja. Navedeni procesi potpomognuti su poticanjem vanjskog vrednovanja koje provode svjetske organizacije i obrazovne agencije. Poseban značaj u provedbi obrazovnih reformi ima OECD-ovo PISA istraživanje koje je tijekom godina provedbe postalo prepoznatljiv parametar za procjenu kvalitete obrazovnih sustava. Podatke o postignućima, komparacije sustava i prijedloge za napredak koji se vezuju uz PISA istraživanja moguće je koristiti radi izmjene nacionalnih obrazovnih sustava. Radi ispitivanja međuodnosa obrazovne reforme i vanjskog vrednovanja, obrazovni sustav Švedske izabran je kao reprezentativni primjer sustava čija obrazovna politika procjenu i izmjenu unutar obrazovanja donosi prema rezultatima vanjskog vrednovanja već dugi niz godina. Rad se temelji na analizi primarne i sekundarne literature o rezultatima Švedske na PISA istraživanju. Provedeno je sustavno pretraživanje baze podataka OECD-a s ciljem uvida u primarne podatke o postignućima učenika u Švedskoj. Pretraživanjem baze podataka znanstvenih publikacija dobiven je uvid u ranije provedene znanstvene analize o rezultatima Švedske na PISA istraživanju. U posebnom je fokusu prikaz reformskih poteza pokrenutih uslijed pada na istraživanju PISA 2012., i prikaz utjecaja donošenja reformi i izmjena u obrazovnoj politici temeljen na instrumentalnoj upotrebi podataka vanjskog vrednovanja.
Educators' and teachers' perception of children's transition from kindergarten to school according to the child-centered competences for early childhood education and care (CCECC) conceptual framework
Authors: Vukašinović Antonija , Matijašević Bruno
Published: December 2024

The importance of early childhood education and care can be seen in the competences of six-month-old to school-age children, making it necessary to continuously establish connections between the two education systems. A good relationship between kindergarten and schoolteachers results in benefits that empower the child from an emotional, cognitive, and social perspective. In this way, the child is put in a familiar environment, and the teacher is familiar with the child’s overall growth and development. This study, therefore, aims to obtain a full picture of the importance of the transition from kindergarten to primary school from the perspective of kindergarten and schoolteachers. The survey sample is composed of eight kindergarten teachers and eight primary school teachers in Croatia. Two separate focus groups were conducted through the Zoom application. Participants were familiar with the ethical aspects of the research. The questions used were formulated according to the CCECC (Child-Centred Competences for Early Childhood Education and Care) and covered cultural, organizational, and pedagogical areas, as well as the curriculum design that results in children’s well-being. In addition to the above questions, participants had the opportunity to exchange ideas, opinions, and advice on advancing actions that contributed to a smoother transition. The results of the research’s thematic analysis point to the need to strengthen the relationship between the kindergarten system and primary school system through actions and the possible establishment of a model that would be embedded in the components of kindergarten and primary school curricula.
Roditeljski unutarobiteljski angažman u podržavanju djetetova učenja tijekom primarnoga obrazovanja
Authors: Sušanj Gregorović Katarina
Published: December 2024

Roditeljski unutarobiteljski angažman u podržavanju djetetova učenja sastavni je dio roditeljske podrške djetetovu obrazovanju, osobito značajan za akademski razvoj djeteta u prvim godinama školovanja. Cilj je ovoga rada ispitati povezanost, s jedne strane, roditeljske percepcije vlastite uloge u djetetovu obrazovanju i njihove samoprocjene učinkovitosti u podržavanju djetetova učenja te, s druge strane, roditeljske samoprocjene angažmana u unutarobiteljskome podržavanju djetetova učenja tijekom primarnoga obrazovanja. Rezultati, dobiveni ispitivanjem roditelja učenika primarnoga obrazovanja (N=204) na riječkome području online anketnim upitnikom, sugeriraju da ispitanici vjeruju da je aktivna angažiranost u djetetovu obrazovanju važan dio roditeljske uloge, da uglavnom iskazuju visoku razinu osjećaja samoučinkovitosti za podržavanje djetetova učenja te da relativno učestalo primjenjuju različite aktivnosti podržavanja djetetova učenja tijekom primarnoga obrazovanja. Rezultati, pritom, upućuju na to da se roditelji koji svoju ulogu u djetetovu obrazovanju procjenjuju važnom, kao i roditelji s višom razinom osjećaja samoučinkovitosti u podržavanju djetetova učenja, češće angažiraju u različitim aktivnostima podržavanja djetetova učenja tijekom primarnoga obrazovanja.
Uloga kućnih ljubimaca u životu studenata
Authors: Stanić Sanja , Vukasović-Lončar Stanka
Published: December 2024

U suvremenom društvu odnos između ljudi i životinja ambivalentan je. Granica između ljudi i životinja dovedena je u pitanje ili uklonjena kada su u pitanju kućni ljubimci. Porast kućnih ljubimaca u kućanstvima definira 21. stoljeće kao stoljeće kućnih ljubimaca. U životu suvremenog čovjeka ljubimci mogu ispunjavati različite funkcije. U radu se prikazuju rezultati istraživanja koje je proučavalo ulogu kućnih ljubimaca u životu studenata, kao društvene grupe specifične po društvenom statusu i životnom stilu. Ciljevi su bili ispitati u kolikoj mjeri studenti posjeduju kućne ljubimce, kako ih percipiraju i koje im značenje pridaju. Istraživanje je provedeno metodom ankete, među studentima Sveučilišta u Splitu (N = 200), 2023. godine. Istraživački su nalazi pokazali kako polovina studenata posjeduje kućne ljubimce, u najvećem broju pse i mačke. Posjedovanje te percepcija kućnih ljubimaca ukazuju na studente kao pet friendly populaciju. Oni uočavaju koristi koje proizlaze iz odnosa vlasnika sa životinjom te društvena značenja kućnih ljubimaca kao društvene podrške i socijalnog pospješivača. U zaključku se prikazuju postignuti rezultati te ukazuje na ograničenja ovog istraživanja i poticaj za buduća.
Kritički diskurs kvalitete obrazovanja odraslih
Authors: Kušić Siniša
Published: December 2024

U radu se analizira i kritički promišlja kvaliteta obrazovanja odraslih. Kvaliteta u obrazovanju odraslih pod snažnim je utjecajem neoliberalne koncepcije i često se reducira na mjerljive pokazatelje, a drugi aspekti obrazovanja odraslih bivaju zanemareni. Autor ističe kako je kvaliteta u obrazovanju odraslih prilično neodređen i sklizak koncept koji odražava različite ideološke, ekonomske, društvene i političke vrijednosti pa je stoga važno konceptu kvalitete pristupati iz pozicije kritičke pedagogije. Kritički diskurs kvalitetu obrazovanja odraslih shvaća procesom u čijem je središtu osoba koja se obrazuje radi emancipacije. Emancipacijska uloga obrazovanja odraslih kao procesa oslobođenja, osnaživanja, propitivanja i razvoja svih čovjekovih sposobnosti i interesa zanemarena je u ekonomskom diskursu kvalitete što baca sumnju na svrhu i ciljeve obrazovanja odraslih. Zbog te sumnje javlja se niz suvremenih mitova o obrazovanju odraslih, a obrazovanje odraslih sve više postaje instrument prilagodbe što se reflektira na kvalitetu obrazovanja odraslih.
Functionality of Loomen LMS
Authors: Gero Gemeri Dino , Knezović Filip
Published: December 2024

Various shifting paradigms dictate the manner in which education systems are established, (re)organized and implemented. The emergence and increase in the popularity of learning management systems (LMSs) represent a noteworthy example of teachers coping with the challenges of change. This study focuses on the Loomen LMS, an open-source, e-learning system in which teachers, together with their students, create and manage strategies, methods and tools to optimize the teaching process. The objective of this research was to evaluate the functionality of the Loomen LMS through the analysis of the perceptions, opinions, impressions, observations and experiences of Croatian educators who have used the platform since its implementation in public schools. This qualitative research analyzes the responses of 181 educators from both primary and secondary levels of education from each of the 21 counties in Croatia. The data were collected through a validated questionnaire survey in an online form. The results indicated that the Loomen LMS was most rarely used for those features for which it was primarily designed, that there was a difference in several aspects of usage between the two levels of education, and that the frequency of usage was not asymmetrically proportional to the amount of educators’ overall working experience. The data from this study provide new academic research evidence regarding the Loomen LMS and its need for improvement in several aspects concerning its functionality.
Mogućnosti unaprjeđenja nastavne prakse primjenom istraživačkog učenja
Authors: Sablić Marija , Mirosavljević Ana
Published: December 2024

Suvremeno društvo kojeg je sustav obrazovanja sastavni dio suočava se sa sve dinamičnijim obrazovnim izazovima 21.stoljeća. Upravo se implementacija istraživačkog pristupa nastavi nameće kao jedan od odgovora na takve potrebe. Odmakom od tradicionalnog načina poučavanja moguće je unaprijediti kvalitetu učenja i poučavanja, potaknuti aktivnu ulogu učenika i time doprinijeti cjelovitom razvoju njihovih kompetencija koje ih pripremaju za život. U odgojno-obrazovnom kontekstu učenicima je nužno osiguravati prikladno iskustvo za razvoj kompetencija i vještina potrebnih za učinkovito istraživačko učenje. Metode istraživačkog učenja uvelike mogu doprinijeti razvoju vještina rješavanja problema i kritičkog mišljenja kod učenika koje se iz škole prenose i u svakodnevne aktivnosti. Zato je u stvaranju poticajnog i dinamičnog okružja za učenje i uključivanje učenika u istraživačke procese ključna uloga učitelja. On vodi, usmjerava i pruža potporu učenicima u samostalnim problemskim zadatcima i u zaključivanju pri čemu oni stječu spoznaje o svijetu koji ih okružuje.
Possibilities for improving teaching practice through the application of inquiry-based learning
Authors: Sablić Marija , Mirosavljević Ana
Published: December 2024

Contemporary society, in which the education system is an integral part, is facing increasingly dynamic educational challenges in the 21st century. The implementation of an inquiry-based approach to teaching is emerging as one of the responses to such challenges. By moving away from the traditional way of teaching, it is possible to enhance the quality of learning and teaching, encourage an active role of the students, and thereby contribute to the comprehensive development of their competences that prepare them for life. In the educational context, it is necessary to provide students with a suitable experience for the development of competences and skills needed for effective inquiry-based learning. Inquiry-based learning methods can greatly contribute to the development of problem-solving skills and critical thinking in students who are transferred from school to everyday activities. In creating a stimulating and dynamic learning environment and engaging students in inquiry processes, the role of the teacher is crucial. They lead, guide, and support students in independent problem-solving tasks and in drawing conclusions, enabling them to gain insights into the world around them.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 2 GRABAG
Authors: Rochayanah Siti , Warniasih Kristina
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to describe the critical thinking abilities of class X SMA Negeri 2 Grabag students. The research method used was qualitative with a research focus on the subject of three class X-2 students at SMA Negeri 2 Grabag, who represented various levels of ability, namely high group students, medium group students and low group students. Data collected through a written test which includes critical thinking indicators in mathematics interviews.
The research results showed that there were 23% of students in the high category, 63% of students in the medium category, and 14% of students in the low category. Students in the high group are able to master all indicators of critical thinking in statistics material. Students with moderate abilities show good abilities except for some deficiencies in interpretation and analysis. Students with low abilities tend to have limitations in data interpretation, inference and other critical thinking skills such as analysis, evaluation and inference. The implication of these findings is the need for learning strategies to improve students' critical thinking skills in understanding and applying statistical concepts.
PENGEMBANGAN LABIRIN GAYA GAME MATERI GAYA BERBANTUAN WORDWALL MENINGKATKAN SELF EFFICACY DAN LITERASI SAINS SISWA SD
Authors: Restiani Umi , Fatih Mohamad , Alfi Cindya
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan desain LAGA (Labirin Gaya) Game pada materi gaya disekitar kita berbantuan wordwall untuk meningkatkan self-efficacy dan literasi sains siswa kelas IV SD. Pendekatan yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini merupakan Research and Development (R&D) dengan langkah-langkah pengembangan model ASSURE. Desain eksperimen lapangan yang digunakan adalah one group pretestposttest design. Teknik pengumpulan data terdiri dari 4 metode yaitu wawancara (pra-penelitian), angket, lembar tes, dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa skor kevalidan media oleh ahli media mencapai 87,5%, sementara ahli materi memberikan skor sebesar 100%, keduanya dikategorikan sebagai sangat valid. Selain itu, respon guru terhadap aspek kelayakan mencapai 95%, dengan kategori sangat layak. Berdasarkan respon siswa, media laga game berbantuan wordwall mendapat hasil yang positif yakni mampu efektif dengan pengaruh signifikan dalam meningkatkan self-efficacy pada kategori sedang yang didasarkan pada rata-rata skor N-gain mencapai 0,484, dan mampu meningkatkan literasi sains siswa pada kategori sedang dengan rata-rata N-gain 0,345. Hasil uji manova mendapatkan kriteria signifikan untuk variabel self-efficacy 0,029 < 0,05 dan variabel literasis sains 0,047 < 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil uji manova tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh desain LAGA game berbantuan wordwall terhadap self-efficacy dan literasi sains.
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN DAN KETERLIBATAN BELAJAR DI ERA DIGITAL
Authors: Sulistyowati Cicik , Asriati Nuraini
Published: December 2024

Artikel ini membahas dampak penggunaan alat digital yang tidak hanya meningkatkan efektivitas pengajaran, tetapi juga memperkaya pengalaman belajar siswa. Melalui akses yang lebih luas ke sumber daya seperti jurnal ilmiah dan video tutorial, siswa mampu melakukan pembelajaran mandiri dan mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Selain itu, pengembangan kompetensi digital di kalangan guru mendorong penerapan metode pengajaran yang inovatif, sehingga kualitas pengajaran secara keseluruhan dapat meningkat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur untuk mengeksplorasi berbagai aspek dari penggunaan teknologi dalam pendidikan, serta tantangan yang dihadapi dalam implementasinya. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terdapat beberapa kendala, integrasi teknologi dalam pendidikan memiliki potensi besar untuk menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang lebih efektif, inklusif, dan kolaboratif. Beberapa implikasinya adalah keterlibatan peserta didik lebih meningkat, mengembangkan keterampilan literasi digital, pembelajarn lebih praktis, mampu menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan peserta didik dan memperluas kolaborasi dan interaksi.
JWST/NIRCam Narrowband Survey of Paβ Emitters in the Spiderweb Protocluster at z = 2.16
Authors: Shimakawa Rhythm , Pérez-Martínez J. M. , Dannerbauer Helmut , Koyama Yusei , Kodama Tadayuki , Pérez-González Pablo G. , D’Eugenio Chiara , Zhang Yuheng , Naufal Abdurrahman , Daikuhara Kazuki
Published: December 2024

We report the initial result of our Paβ narrowband imaging on a protocluster with the JWST Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam). As NIRCam enables deep narrowband imaging of rest-frame near-infrared lines at z > 1, we target one of the most studied protoclusters, the Spiderweb protocluster at z = 2.16, in which previous studies have confirmed more than a hundred member galaxies. The NIRCam F405N narrowband filter covers in the Paβ line the protocluster redshift given by known protocluster members, allowing for the search for new member candidates. The weight-corrected color–magnitude diagram obtained 57 sources showing narrowband excesses, 41 of which satisfy further color selection criteria for limiting the sample to Paβ emitter candidates at z ∼ 2.16, and 24 of them do not have Hα emitter counterparts. The Paβ emitter candidates appear to follow the spatial distribution of known protocluster members; however, follow-up spectroscopic confirmation is required. Only 17 out of 58 known Hα-emitting cluster members are selected as Paβ emitters in the current data, albeit the rest fall out of the narrowband selection owing to their small Paβ equivalent widths. We derive the Paβ luminosity function in the Spiderweb protocluster, showing a normalization density of

log

ϕ

*

=
−
2.53
±
0.15

at a characteristic Paβ luminosity of

log

L

*

=
42.33
±
0.17

. Furthermore, we examine the possibility of detecting faint line emitters visible only in the narrowband image but find no promising candidates.
First Observation of the Complete Rotation Period of the Ultraslowly Rotating Magnetic O Star HD 54879
Authors: Erba C. , Folsom C. P. , David-Uraz A. , Wade G. A. , Seadrow S. , Bellotti S. , Fossati L. , Petit V. , Shultz M. E.
Published: December 2024

HD 54879 is the most recently discovered magnetic O-type star. Previous studies ruled out a rotation period shorter than 7 yr, implying that HD 54879 is the second most slowly rotating known magnetic O-type star. We report new high-resolution spectropolarimetric measurements of HD 54879, which confirm that a full stellar rotation cycle has been observed. We derive a stellar rotation period from the longitudinal magnetic field measurements of

P
=

2562

−
58

+
63

days (about 7.02 yr). The radial velocity of HD 54879 has been stable over the last decade of observations. We explore equivalent widths and longitudinal magnetic fields calculated from lines of different elements, and conclude the atmosphere of HD 54879 is likely chemically homogeneous, with no strong evidence for chemical stratification or lateral abundance nonuniformities. We present the first detailed magnetic map of the star, with an average surface-magnetic-field strength of 2954 G, and a strength for the dipole component of 3939 G. There is a significant amount of magnetic energy in the quadrupole components of the field (23%). Thus, we find HD 54879 has a strong magnetic field with a significantly complex topology.
Modeling Competing Line-broadening Mechanisms in Neutron Star Atmospheres: Interference between Motional Stark and Ion Broadening
Authors: Gomez Thomas A. , Zammit Mark C. , Bray Igor , Fontes Christopher J. , White Jackson R. , Johnson Harold
Published: December 2024

Neutron star surfaces have extremely high magnetic fields. In the atmosphere, the broadening of spectral lines will be substantial from the dense plasma as well as from the magnetic field. One broadening mechanism of note is due to the motional Stark effect (MSE)—an additional electric field that arises from the motion of the atom in the magnetic field. However, approximate formulae are often used to construct atmosphere models, and the MSE is assumed to be the dominant line-broadening mechanism even in ions. Detailed pressure-broadening models in these extreme magnetic fields are now currently being developed. In these more detailed models, it was suggested that the MSE may not be as large as previously predicted. If correct, this hypothesis implies that neutron star line widths might be dominated by pressure broadening rather than by motional Stark broadening. We find that, in the absence of plasma perturbations, for typical magnetic fields (B = 1012 G), mid-Z elements, such as oxygen, have motional Stark widths of order 1 eV for transitions between dipole-allowed transitions from the ground state, though higher temperatures and transitions to higher-energy states are expected to have more broadening. The MSE also breaks down selection rules, giving rise to forbidden transitions, which have much larger widths. When plasma perturbations are included, we find that the plasma perturbation and motional Stark processes are not independent and, as a result, the spectral lines become narrow in a nontrivial way and display harmonics of the ion cyclotron frequency.
Fermi-LAT Detection of the Low-luminosity Radio Galaxy NGC 4278 during the LHAASO Campaign
Authors: Bronzini Ettore , Grandi Paola , Torresi Eleonora , Buson Sara
Published: December 2024

We present a study of the high-energy properties of the compact symmetric object NGC 4278, recently associated with a TeV source by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) collaboration. We conducted a dedicated analysis of a Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) region around NGC 4278, limited to the LHAASO campaign conducted from 2021 March to 2022 October. A statistically significant emission (∼4.3σ) was revealed, spatially consistent with the radio position of NGC 4278 and the LHAASO source. The Fermi-LAT source is detected above 8 GeV, exhibiting a hard spectrum (photon index Γ = 1.3 ± 0.3) and a γ-ray luminosity of L
>100 MeV ≃ 4 × 1041 erg s–1. A serendipitous Swift X-Ray Telescope (XRT) observation of NGC 4278 during the TeV campaign reveals the source in a high state, with a flux

F

0.5
−
8

ke

V

=

5

−
2

+
3

×
1

0

−
12

erg

s

−
1

cm

−
2

, compatible with the highest luminosity level observed in previous Chandra pointings. The high-energy spectral energy distribution of the source and the intense flux variation observed in the X-ray band support a jet origin for the observed radiation. We suggest that the significant enhancement of the high-energy flux observed during the LHAASO campaign is due to a transient, highly energetic perturbation in the jet. The detection of NGC 4278 at both high and very high energies opens new frontiers in studying particle acceleration processes. It reveals that even compact, low-power radio galaxies can exceed the sensitivity thresholds of GeV and TeV instruments, becoming promising targets for the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory.
Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays Accelerated by Magnetically Dominated Turbulence
Authors: Comisso Luca , Farrar Glennys R. , Muzio Marco S.
Published: December 2024

Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs), particles characterized by energies exceeding 1018 eV, are generally believed to be accelerated electromagnetically in high-energy astrophysical sources. One promising mechanism of UHECR acceleration is magnetized turbulence. We demonstrate from first principles, using fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations, that magnetically dominated turbulence accelerates particles on a short timescale, producing a power-law energy distribution with a rigidity-dependent, sharply defined cutoff well approximated by the form

f

cut

E
,

E

cut

=
sech

(
E

/

E

cut

)

2

. Particle escape from the turbulent accelerating region is energy dependent, with t
esc ∝ E
−δ
and δ ∼ 1/3. The resulting particle flux from the accelerator follows

dN

/

dEdt
∝

E

−
s

sech

(
E

/

E

cut

)

2

, with s ∼ 2.1. We fit the Pierre Auger Observatory’s spectrum and composition measurements, taking into account particle interactions between acceleration and detection, and show that the turbulence-associated energy cutoff is well supported by the data, with the best-fitting spectral index being

s
=

2.1

−
0.13

+
0.06

. Our first-principles results indicate that particle acceleration by magnetically dominated turbulence may constitute the physical mechanism responsible for UHECR acceleration.
A new endemic insular species of the genus Colubroelaps (Squamata, Serpentes, Colubroidea) from Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam
Authors: Poyarkov Nikolay A. , Bragin Andrey M. , Nguyen Tan Van
Published: December 2024

A new species of the poorly known genus Colubroelaps Orlov, Kharin, Ananjeva, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2009, is described based on a single female specimen collected from Hon Tre Island, Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. The new species, Colubroelaps adlerisp. nov., can be distinguished from its sister species Colubroelaps nguyenvansangi Orlov, Kharin, Ananjeva, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2009 by the following combination of morphological characters: small body size (TL 402 mm); tail relatively short (ratio TaL/TL 0.10); dorsal scales in 14–14–14 rows; supralabials six, third and fourth entering orbit; infralabials seven; loreal present; ventral scales 234; subcaudals 30, all divided; cloacal plate divided; dorsal coloration pale brown, with narrow and interrupted dark stripe along spine; body flanks dark-gray lacking bluish iridescence; ventrally uniform off-white; head black with rostral, nasals, prefrontals, preoculars, loreal, and the two anterior supralabials, as well as anterior parts of supraoculars and frontal dirty yellowish-brown with dark-brown spots. This discovery represents the second known species of the genus Colubroelaps and the first record of the genus in the coastal areas of southern-central Vietnam. The new species is likely micro-endemic to the small island of Hon Tre within Nha Trang Bay in Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam, at an elevation of 30 m a.s.l., and was recorded only from the heavily disturbed secondary forest area of the island. The new species is under threat due to the intensifying development of tourist infrastructure on Hon Tre Island. We suggest that the new species be considered Endangered (EN) following the IUCN’s Red List categories.
BASS - Biodiversity Assessments at Small Scales
Authors: Ascensão Fernando , Cardoso Pedro , Rebelo Rui , Boieiro Mário , Nunes Alice , Chozas Sergio , do Rosário Inês , Príncipe Adriana , Máguas Cristina , Branquinho Cristina , Borges Paulo
Published: December 2024

Much of the work developed on biodiversity dynamics due to climate change focuses on large scales. Yet, we know that small scale is critical to fully understand biodiversity change, particularly for plants and small or less mobile organisms which might seek refuge in sites that keep specific microclimatic and biotic conditions dampening the effects of large-scale changes. The project BASS - Biodiversity Assessment at Small Scales - aims to explore the intricate relationships between small-scale environmental variations in space and time and biodiversity patterns. Central to our study is researching how microclimatic conditions, such as potential solar radiation, influence species occurrence, abundance, community composition and biotic interactions within a Mediterranean context. Our objectives include gaining a deeper understanding of the effects of localised environmental conditions and their change in time on biodiversity, providing critical data for an under-researched Mediterranean Biodiversity Hotspot region, and examining the dynamics of small-sized species, particularly plants and invertebrates. We have established a network of 16 fixed sampling points across the Lisbon University field station - Herdade da Ribeira Abaixo (HRA), Grândola (South Portugal): eight with high and eight with low potential solar radiation. Each of these plots will serve as a 'mesocosm' for detailed ecological studies in the next decades. This framework will support a variety of research projects each focusing on different taxa and questions, including Masters' theses, PhD dissertations and independent studies, thereby fostering a collaborative research environment. By integrating previously collected data during the last three decades with new findings, we aim to offer valuable insights into the processes underlying ecosystem functioning and change at small spatial scales. This project not only addresses fundamental ecological questions, but also contributes to sustainable landscape management and biodiversity conservation efforts.
Morphometric and phylogenetic analysis of a commercial fish Leiognathus equula (Teleostei, Leiognathidae)
Authors: Chen Jiajie , Wang Xiaodong , Zeng Sheng , Tian Wei , Yang Deyuan , Ye Jinqing , Zhong Junsheng , Jiang Chaopeng
Published: December 2024

The complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis for Leiognathus equula from the South China Sea was performed using shallow genome skimming. For accurate species identification and redescription, morphometric and meristic characters were examined and compared with previous descriptions. To facilitate the identification of species and to enable comparison with the mitochondrial genome phylogeny, molecular comparisons were conducted using three mitochondrial genes: large ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1), and NADH dehydrogenase (ND5). The mitogenome (16 398 bp) comprised 38 mitochondrial genes, similar to most bony fishes: 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA and 22 transfer RNA genes, and 1 non-coding region. The complete mitogenome comprised 30.7% A, 24.2% T, 15.0% G, and 30.1% C. The A+T content (54.9%) was higher than the G+C content (45.1%). All PCGs started with the typical ATG codon, except COX1, which started with GTG. Seven PCGs ended with incomplete stop codons (TA or T). The Ka/Ks ratios of all PCGs were < 1, indicating purifying selection. The phylogenies of Leiognathidae, both based on the amino acid sequences of the 13 PCGs and the single genes 16S RNA and COX1, were monophyletic with high nodal support (> 75%). L. brevirostris (NC 026232) is believed to be a Nuchequula species, whereas L. ruconius (NC 057225) is not classified under Leiognathus in the NCBI database. The phylogenetic trees divided the Leiognathidae family into three clades. The mitogenome phylogeny suggested that the Leiognathidae and Chaetodontidae clades are sister groups. These findings provide important genetic data for population genetics research and a phylogenetic analysis of Leiognathidae.
Cultural Heritage of the Great War
Authors: Jezernik Božidar , Fikfak Jurij
Published: December 2024

The First World War—also known as the Great War, which lasted from 1914 to 1918—left a significant mark on the twentieth century. It radically changed the demographic composition of Europe (about seventeen million people were killed), resulted in the dissolution of four empires (Austria-Hungary, Russia, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire), had a crucial impact on European values, inspired the search for the new man during the interwar period, and ultimately significantly influenced the shaping, perception, and reception of cultural heritage. Upon the hundredth anniversary of the war’s end, it is worth revisiting certain fundamental starting points and objectivizations—that is, chronotopes—of the First World War from the perspective of ethnology and cultural anthropology. This study thus focuses on three segments or perspectives: 1) the recording of memories or symbolization on monuments and graves; 2) the representation, understanding, and use of heroes, or the main social actors, as well as past and contemporary commemorations; and 3) the interpretations and reinterpretations of cultural and natural environments.
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Prva svetovna vojna ali Velika vojna od 1914 do 1918 je bistveno zaznamovala 20. stoletje. Usodno je vplivala na demografsko podobo Evrope, saj je umrlo okrog 17 milijonov ljudi, na konec štirih imperijev (Avstro-Ogrske, Rusije, Nemčije in Osmanskega cesarstva); usodno je vplivala na njene vrednote in na iskanje po novem človeku med obema vojnama, naposled na oblikovanje, percepcijo in recepcijo kulturne dediščine. Ob stoletnici zato velja z etnološkega in kulturnoantropološkega vidika na novo premisliti nekatera temeljna izhodišča in objektivacije, drugače povedano, označevanja kronotopov prve svetovne vojne. V raziskavi je zato poudarek na treh segmentih oz. pogledih: prvi (1) je zapisovanje spomina oz. simbolizacija, ki jo razbiramo na spomenikih, grobovih in drugo; pomembno (2) je odtiskovanje, razumevanje in raba junakov, glavnih socialnih akterjev; izhodišče so tudi nekdanje in sodobne komemoracije, predmet spora ali sprave in soglasja, da je bila nesmiselna; končno (3) gre za interpretacije in reinterpretacije kulturnih in naravnih prostorov, zaznamovanih s prvo svetovno vojno.
Segni e sintomi. Immagini di città tra movimento e permanenza
Authors: Brotto Denis
Published: December 2024

For more than a century, the relationship between cinema and the city has constituted an aspect of profound fascination for film and visual studies. Constantly renewing itself, this connection represents the interaction of a complex network of technological forms, ergonomic configurations, evolutionary perspectives, human and material aggregations, all redefined within the canons of filmic language. The cities of the future, before moving from the design phase to the productive phase, have often been modulated and experienced within filmic spaces, sometimes glimpsing subsequent mutations. Through the study of video installations such as Prisma (2022) by Vhils and Hypnosis Display (2014) by Clipson and Harris, films such as Code inconnu (2000) by Haneke, Code 46 (2003) by Winterbottom, Anon (2018) by Niccol, and recent works by Refik Anadol, I will try to outline a possible visual interpretation regarding the present and future urban image.
Touching Urban Spaces With Our Life. How We Experience Cities Aesthetically
Authors: Franco Abel B.
Published: December 2024

I explore one distinctive aspect of our relation to spaces which is particularly significant in our everyday aesthetic evaluations of cities (urban spaces): the frequent use of linguistic expressions referring to the sense of touch. We say that a space is oppressive or expansive, or warm or cold, or (more indirectly) cozy or desolate. Touching, as involved in these expressions, seems to refer, rather than to the contact of a physical object with our skin, to a sort of touching with our life. To understand this, I try to make explicit both (a) what is being touched, i.e., the view of space behind these expressions; and (b) how and in which sense our life touches it. I propose to think about space as a plenum made of qualities (e.g., colors, smells, sounds, textures), some of which are penetrable and some of which are not. And as to how we touch spaces, I defend that we do so as we immerse ourselves in them. Once immersed in them, we are constantly both evaluating how well we fit in them as well as looking for a better-quality fitting. This is how we evaluate spaces aesthetically. Our embodied life fits better in a space when (a) we can realize more significant (for us, according to our ideal of life) possibilities in it, and (b) the felt quality of realizing those possibilities is enhanced by that space (“it feels better to read in this café”).
The Image of the Mental Map in the Communication of Social Media Users From Saint Petersburg
Authors: Troitskiy Sergey , Babaev Emil , Belova Elizaveta , Karpova Diana , Samoylova Anastasia
Published: December 2024

The study, conducted in March 2022, involved the analysis of the content in several social media chats and groups; the participants of those chats live in the same place and therefore have a common experience of the space. The study was based on the hypothesis of a direct connection between the mental map (a system of individual ideas about space), the cultural reputation of topoi, and urban trauma, embodied in the unease infrastructure. The problem of assessing the significance of a place was solved by means of folklore toponymies – the mechanism of renaming, which indicates the degree of awareness about a specific place and defines its location on the mental map as well as ascribes a certain status to it. These statuses demonstrate the degree of significance of a place for a certain subject and form a kind of hierarchy, a system of topographical preferences. Thanks to online communication, people can not only transmit information much faster than the traditional forms of folklore dissemination allow, but also broadcast personal attitudes, conveying them as a bundle of meanings (for example, while inventing new toponyms). Therefore, one of the objectives of the study was to identify established folklore toponyms in online communication: they serve as markers of attitudes, reputation, and significance; we also try to catalogue attempts to “rename” different places. Another task was to find the symptoms of such anxiety in online communication.
Le « je suis spinoziste » de Cavaillès
Authors: Benis-Sinaceur Hourya
Published: December 2024

Le commentaire traditionnel de la philosophie de Cavaillès reconnaît en celle-ci le legs de Spinoza. Mais on se contente généralement des déclarations de Cavaillès à Raymond Aron, sans désigner les éléments qui illustrent ce lien ni, surtout, ceux qui le contrarient. L’autorité de l’ami, Georges Canguilhem, reprenant dans une cérémonie officielle le témoignage de Raymond Aron et l’article de Gilles-Gaston Granger « Cavaillès ou la montée vers Spinoza » ont installé pour longtemps l’idée que tout était dit. Cet article interroge le sens et la portée du « je suis spinoziste » de Cavaillès dans la promotion testamentaire de la philosophie du concept.
Défis et enjeux de la traduction littéraire : vers une anthologie judéo-espagnole dans le cadre du projet LJTrad
Authors: Gimenez Sarah
Published: December 2024

Cet article examine les défis de la traduction littéraire dans le cadre du projet LJTrad, qui vise à préserver et diffuser les littératures en langues juives, telles que le yiddish et le judéo-espagnol. La création d'une anthologie judéo-espagnole fait face à des obstacles liés à la classification des genres littéraires et à la fidélité aux textes originaux. Il analyse les spécificités linguistiques et culturelles de cette littérature ainsi que les stratégies pour surmonter les difficultés de traduction. Enfin, il souligne l'importance de ces traductions pour la préservation du patrimoine et la recherche.
香港華文作家在21世紀如何書寫？——「新三及弟」之社會語言學初論
Authors: Tsang 曾曉華 Alfred
Published: December 2024

後殖民時期的香港，是名副其實的雙語／多語社會。X／Y世代（大致對應社會學家呂大樂劃分的第三代及第四代香港人）1，基本上完成了中學甚至大學教育，具備至少中英雙語的基礎。相比戰後嬰兒一代，X／Y世代的社會和語言環境截然不同。經濟上，香港工商業發展蓬勃，與其他亞洲四小龍國，如新加坡一樣，由第三世界晉升為第一世界之國家或地區。2 語言上，香港由華人、特別是廣東人主導的單語社會，發展為雙語／多語社會。社會語言環境的轉變，必然影響到新世代的香港人如何書寫和溝通。3 本文旨在探討香港華文作家在後殖民時期的書寫方式，指出20世紀中葉曾一度流行於報刊的「三及弟」文，在21世紀雙語／多語作家的筆下，已演化成為「新三及弟」。本文回顧三及弟文近大半世紀的發展，選取一名專欄作家和其文本作為個案研究。本文立足於社會語言學，輔以超語言現象理論，分析當下現象，籍此瞭解後殖民時期香港華文作家和雙語／多語社會的關係。
Louis Marchand (1875-1948) : pédagogue précurseur ?
Authors: Barthélémy Fabrice
Published: December 2024

Louis Marchand (1875-1948) effectuera une carrière professionnelle atypique, alternant entre enseignements en France et postes à l’étranger. Auteur d’un manuel d’allemand L2 pour francophones (1909) et d’un manuel de français L2 pour germanophones (1920-1922) qui sera republié sous une forme ou une autre jusqu’en 1983, celui-ci n’a, paradoxalement, pas suscité beaucoup d’intérêt chez les didacticiens du FLE. Nous nous intéresserons au caractère « scientifique » de sa méthode et nous demanderons si Louis Marchand peut être considéré comme un pédagogue avant-gardiste.
The Role of Heuristics in Shaping Investment Strategies Analyzing Bias-Driven Decision-Making in Volatile Markets
Authors: Xing Liao Fa
Published: December 2024

This study examines the role of heuristics in shaping investment strategies, particularly during periods of market volatility. It explores how cognitive shortcuts, such as the representativeness and availability heuristics, confirmation bias, and mental accounting, influence investor decision-making in uncertain financial environments. The findings highlight that while heuristics can streamline decisions under pressure, they often lead to systematic biases that distort investment outcomes. The study underscores the importance of understanding these biases for developing more resilient strategies and suggests that addressing these cognitive tendencies can improve both individual investor behavior and broader market stability.
Emergency treatment of obstructive pyelonephritis: A single center series
Authors: Kati Bulent , Ordek Eser , Madsar Omer , Pelit Eyyup Sabri
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study aims to compare two different drainage methods, percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) and retrograde ureteral double-J (DJ) stent insertion, in patients with obstructive pyelonephritis (OP).Methods: The study included 77 patients who presented to the emergency department due to stones. Type of decompression treatment (PCN or DJ stent), fever, white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, urine culture, blood culture, presence of additional diseases, and antibiotic treatment were evaluated for these patients. Emergency decompressive treatment was not randomly assigned. The clinician chose the appropriate treatment method based on the patient’s condition after obtaining an informed consent. Patients under the age of 18 were categorized into three subgroups: infants, children under 10 years, and adolescents. Results: Of the 77 patients, 31 were in the DJ stent group and 46 were in the PCN group. Patients in the PCN group exhibited significantly higher fever levels before the procedure (37.6 ± 1.0°C). Additionally, the positivity rate of urine and blood cultures was higher in the PCN group. The average time to stone treatment after infection and medical treatment, as well as fever control, was shorter in the PCN group (9 ± 2.3 days). Empiric treatment with Ceftriaxone (1 g IV) was confirmed by sensitivity results of urine or blood culture in 45% of cases. None of the patients developed advanced urosepsis after the procedure, but the resolution of infection parameters was faster in the PCN group (7 ± 3.3 days). Conclusions: Both PCN and DJ stent insertion are effective and safe methods for managing obstructive pyelonephritis. It was observed that the PCN method under local anesthesia was useful in quickly controlling fever and allowing early surgical treatment. Finally, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics are beneficial for empiric initial treatment.
Quality of life, compliance with treatment, and challenges among patients undergoing cardiac intervention
Authors: Mudgal Shiv Kumar , Ranjan Ashis , Patidar Vipin , Gaur Rakhi , Agarwal Rajat
Published: December 2024

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with important economic and quality-of-life implications. Effective treatment relies on drug adherence, which is impacted by a variety of factors; noncompliance increases morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. This study examines the quality of life, treatment adherence factors, and challenges that cardiac patients encounter during their treatment regimen. A cross-sectional study among 111 cardiac patients through purposive sampling was done at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Deoghar between January 2023 and April 2024. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, quality of life, and treatment adherence were gathered and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics while adhering to ethical guidelines and participant privacy. The research of 111 cardiac patients (76.6% male, mean age 56.45 years) revealed that the majority had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (83.8%), with many preferring private hospitals (58.6%). High medication adherence (82.0%) and regular follow-up (71.2%) were noted, although lifestyle improvements such as smoking cessation were less prevalent. Significant concerns in barriers were reported, including financial difficulties (35.1%) and accessibility of prescribed drugs (45.9%). Quality of life was generally reported as high, with most patients reporting no significant problem. This study reveals excellent adherence to medications and regular follow-up among participants. However, significant impediments such as financial constraints and accessibility issues for prescribed drugs continue to have an influence on treatment. Despite these limitations, patients often report a high quality of life, underscoring the complex interplay of medical, economic, and lifestyle aspects in cardiovascular health management.
The Photoprotective Effect of Curcumin on Skin Exposed to Ultraviolet Radiation
Authors: Threskeia Aletheia , Khaerunnisa Siti , Al-Khazaleh Ahmad K. , Mukono Indri Safitri
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Curcumin is an active ingredient mainly found in the Curcuma species’ rhizomes. It is a phenol with biological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, wound healing, and antineoplastic. This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the literature on the photoprotective effect of curcumin on skin irradiated by ultraviolet (UV) light (in vivo studies).

Methods:

This systematic review was done in compliance with PRISMA guidelines. We searched articles from Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, and PUBMED databases using specific search strategies.

Results:

Of the 805 articles identified, nine articles met the inclusion criteria. Curcumin, given orally or topically, was found to have a photoprotective effect on UV-exposed skin. Researchers found that curcumin protects against oxidants, reduces inflammation, prevents aging due to UV exposure, reduces epidermal thickness, reduces wrinkles, decreases inflammatory cytokines, and increases collagen density. Administration of curcumin in its pure form or from the extraction of Curcuma species showed similar good results.

Conclusion:

These review results show that curcumin can be an effective photoprotective compound used on UV-irradiated skin. Therefore, curcumin usage as an adjuvant along with sunscreen and other cosmetic products should be considered.