bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Periplasmic chitooligosaccharide-binding protein requires a three-domain organization for substrate translocation
Authors: Ohnuma Takayuki , Tsujii Jun , Kataoka Chikara , Yoshimoto Teruki , Takeshita Daijiro , Lampela Outi , Juffer André H. , Suginta Wipa , Fukamizo Tamo
Published: November 2023

Periplasmic solute-binding proteins (SBPs) specific for chitooligosaccharides, (GlcNAc)n (n = 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6), are involved in the uptake of chitinous nutrients and the negative control of chitin signal transduction in Vibrios. Most translocation processes by SBPs across the inner membrane have been explained thus far by two-domain open/closed mechanism. Here we propose three-domain mechanism of the (GlcNAc)n translocation based on experiments using a recombinant VcCBP, SBP specific for (GlcNAc)n from Vibrio cholerae. X-ray crystal structures of unliganded or (GlcNAc)3-liganded VcCBP solved at 1.2–1.6 Å revealed three distinct domains, the Upper1, Upper2 and Lower domains for this protein. Molecular dynamics simulation indicated that the motions of the three domains are independent and that in the (GlcNAc)3-liganded state the Upper2/Lower interface fluctuated more intensively, compared to the Upper1/Lower interface. The Upper1/Lower interface bound two GlcNAc residues tightly, while the Upper2/Lower interface appeared to loosen and release the bound sugar molecule. The three-domain mechanism proposed here was fully supported by binding data obtained by thermal unfolding experiments and ITC, and may be applicable to other translocation systems involving SBPs belonging to the same cluster.
An evolutionary game for the behavior of third-party evaluators in pension public–private partnership incorporating public participation
Authors: Yue Xianghua , Durrani Shahzad Khan , Zhao Shikuan , Li Fuda
Published: November 2023

This study analyzes the impact of public participation on the choice of third-party evaluators' behavior strategies during the service quality supervision process of China's pension public–private partnership project. An evolutionary game model between third-party evaluators and government regulators is developed, wherein the evolution rule of the two sides and public participation’s influence on their behavior under the two different conditions are analyzed, and a numerical simulation is carried out using MATLAB 2016a. It is found that third-party evaluators may choose the false evaluation strategy without public participation because of the inducement of rent-seeking or insufficient government punishment when the regulatory revenue of the government regulatory agencies is less than the regulatory cost. In contrast, in the case of public participation, the true evaluation strategy is chosen with an improvement in the level of public participation or an increase in reputation incentive. This suggests the construction and improvement of a third-party evaluation system, which shows that the construction of the service quality supervision system in China’s pension PPP project has a large operating space.
Evidence for involvement of the alcohol consumption WDPCP gene in lipid metabolism, and liver cirrhosis
Authors: O’Farrell Felix , Aleyakpo Benjamin , Mustafa Rima , Jiang Xiyun , Pinto Rui Climaco , Elliott Paul , Tzoulaki Ioanna , Dehghan Abbas , Loh Samantha H. Y. , Barclay Jeff W. , Martins L. Miguel , Pazoki Raha
Published: November 2023

Biological pathways between alcohol consumption and alcohol liver disease (ALD) are not fully understood. We selected genes with known effect on (1) alcohol consumption, (2) liver function, and (3) gene expression. Expression of the orthologs of these genes in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster was suppressed using mutations and/or RNA interference (RNAi). In humans, association analysis, pathway analysis, and Mendelian randomization analysis were performed to identify metabolic changes due to alcohol consumption. In C. elegans, we found a reduction in locomotion rate after exposure to ethanol for RNAi knockdown of ACTR1B and MAPT. In Drosophila, we observed (1) a change in sedative effect of ethanol for RNAi knockdown of WDPCP, TENM2, GPN1, ARPC1B, and SCN8A, (2) a reduction in ethanol consumption for RNAi knockdown of TENM2, (3) a reduction in triradylglycerols (TAG) levels for RNAi knockdown of WDPCP, TENM2, and GPN1. In human, we observed (1) a link between alcohol consumption and several metabolites including TAG, (2) an enrichment of the candidate (alcohol-associated) metabolites within the linoleic acid (LNA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) metabolism pathways, (3) a causal link between gene expression of WDPCP to liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis. Our results imply that WDPCP might be involved in ALD.
The secreted PAMP-induced peptide StPIP1_1 activates immune responses in potato
Authors: Nietzschmann Linda , Smolka Ulrike , Perino Elvio Henrique Benatto , Gorzolka Karin , Stamm Gina , Marillonnet Sylvestre , Bürstenbinder Katharina , Rosahl Sabine
Published: November 2023

Treatment of potato plants with the pathogen-associated molecular pattern Pep-13 leads to the activation of more than 1200 genes. One of these, StPIP1_1, encodes a protein of 76 amino acids with sequence homology to PAMP-induced secreted peptides (PIPs) from Arabidopsis thaliana. Expression of StPIP1_1 is also induced in response to infection with Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight disease. Apoplastic localization of StPIP1_1-mCherry fusion proteins is dependent on the presence of the predicted signal peptide. A synthetic peptide corresponding to the last 13 amino acids of StPIP1_1 elicits the expression of the StPIP1_1 gene itself, as well as that of pathogenesis related genes. The oxidative burst induced by exogenously applied StPIP1_1 peptide in potato leaf disks is dependent on functional StSERK3A/B, suggesting that StPIP1_1 perception occurs via a receptor complex involving the co-receptor StSERK3A/B. Moreover, StPIP1_1 induces expression of FRK1 in Arabidopsis in an RLK7-dependent manner. Expression of an RLK from potato with high sequence homology to AtRLK7 is induced by StPIP1_1, by Pep-13 and in response to infection with P. infestans. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that, upon secretion, StPIP1_1 acts as an endogenous peptide required for amplification of the defense response.
Rewetting increases vegetation cover and net growing season carbon uptake under fen conditions after peat-extraction in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Turmel-Courchesne Laurence , Davies Marissa A. , Guêné-Nanchen Mélina , Strack Maria , Rochefort Line
Published: November 2023

The moss layer transfer technique has been developed to restore the carbon sequestration function and typical vegetation ofSphagnum-dominated peatlands after peat extraction in North America. However, the technique does not lead to successful bryophyte establishment when applied to peatlands with a richer residual fen peat. Therefore, we evaluated an alternative method of active rewetting and passive vegetation establishment using vegetation surveys and carbon dioxide and methane (CH4) flux measurements at a post-extracted fen in southern Manitoba, Canada. After one growing season post-rewetting, wetland vegetation established and the site was a net carbon sink over the growing season. However, high abundance ofCarex lasiocarpa10 years post-treatment led to higher CH4emissions than the reference ecosystem. Successful establishment of wetland vegetation is attributed to the area being surrounded by undisturbed fens that can provide a local source of plant propagules. Bryophyte expansion was less successful than vascular plants, likely due to episodic flooding and shading from the sedge communities. Therefore, careful management of water levels to just below the peat surface is needed if reference vegetation community recovery is the goal of restoration. Water level management will also play a key role in controlling CH4emissions to maximize carbon sequestration potential.
Quasi-BIC based all-dielectric metasurfaces for ultra-sensitive refractive index and temperature sensing
Authors: Saadatmand Seyedeh Bita , Ahmadi Vahid , Hamidi Seyedeh Mehri
Published: November 2023

In this paper, an all-dielectric metasurface that measures refractive index and temperature using silicon disks is presented. It can simultaneously produce three resonances excited by a magnetic toroidal dipole, magnetic toroidal quadrupole, and electric toroidal dipole, in the THz region. Asymmetric structures are used to generate two quasi-bound states in the continuum (BIC) resonances with ultra-high-quality factors driven by magnetic and electric toroidal dipoles. We numerically study and show the dominant electromagnetic excitations in the three resonances through near-field analysis and cartesian multipole decomposition. The effects of geometric parameters, scaling properties, polarization angles, incident angles, and silicon losses are also investigated. The proposed metasurface is an excellent candidate for sensing due to the extremely high-quality factor of the quasi-BICs. The results demonstrate that the sensitivities for liquid and gas detection are Sl = 569.1 GHz/RIU and Sg = 529 GHz/RIU for magnetic toroidal dipole, and Sl = 532 GHz/RIU and Sg = 498.3 GHz/RIU for electric toroidal dipole, respectively. Furthermore, the sensitivity for temperature monitoring can reach up to 20.24 nm/°C. This work presents a valuable reference for developing applications in the THz region such as optical modulators, multi-channel biochemical sensing, and optical switches.
Effect of decoupling hydraulic and solid retention times on carbohydrate-rich residue valorization into carboxylic acids
Authors: Lago Adrián , Greses Silvia , Aboudi Kaoutar , Moreno Inés , González-Fernández Cristina
Published: November 2023

This research assessed the effect of decoupling hydraulic retention time (HRT) and solid retention time (SRT) on the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) via anaerobic fermentation of beet molasses. The performance of a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR, STR = HTR = 30 days) and two anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (AnSBR) with decoupled STR (30 days) and HRT (20 and 10 days) was compared. Previously, a temperature study in batch reactors (25, 35, and 55 °C) revealed 25 °C as the optimal temperature to maximize the VFAs yield and the long-chain VFAs (> C4) production, being selected for the continuous reactors operation. An HRT of 20 days in AnSBR led to an enhancement in bioconversion efficiency into VFAs (55.5% chemical oxygen demand basis) compared to the CSTR (34.9%). In contrast, the CSTR allowed the production of valuable caproic acid (25.4% vs 4.1% w/w of total VFAs in AnSBR). Decreasing further the HRT to 10 days in AnSBR was detrimental in terms of bioconversion efficiency (21.7%) due to primary intermediates (lactate) accumulation. By decoupling HRT and SRT, VFAs were maximized, revealing HRT as an effective tool to drive specific conversion routes (butyrate- or lactate-fermentation).
Cytokine-armed dendritic cell progenitors for antigen-agnostic cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Ghasemi Ali , Martinez-Usatorre Amaia , Li Luqing , Hicham Mehdi , Guichard Alan , Marcone Rachel , Fournier Nadine , Torchia Bruno , Martinez Bedoya Darel , Davanture Suzel , Fernández-Vaquero Mirian , Fan Chaofan , Janzen Jakob , Mohammadzadeh Yahya , Genolet Raphael , Mansouri Nahal , Wenes Mathias , Migliorini Denis , Heikenwalder Mathias , De Palma Michele
Published: November 2023

Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting myeloid cells that regulate T cell activation, trafficking and function. Monocyte-derived DCs pulsed with tumor antigens have been tested extensively for therapeutic vaccination in cancer, with mixed clinical results. Here, we present a cell-therapy platform based on mouse or human DC progenitors (DCPs) engineered to produce two immunostimulatory cytokines, IL-12 and FLT3L. Cytokine-armed DCPs differentiated into conventional type-I DCs (cDC1) and suppressed tumor growth, including melanoma and autochthonous liver models, without the need for antigen loading or myeloablative host conditioning. Tumor response involved synergy between IL-12 and FLT3L and was associated with natural killer and T cell infiltration and activation, M1-like macrophage programming and ischemic tumor necrosis. Antitumor immunity was dependent on endogenous cDC1 expansion and interferon-γ signaling but did not require CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity. Cytokine-armed DCPs synergized effectively with anti-GD2 chimeric-antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in eradicating intracranial gliomas in mice, illustrating their potential in combination therapies.
Operando two-terminal devices inside a transmission electron microscope
Authors: Recalde-Benitez Oscar , Jiang Tianshu , Winkler Robert , Ruan Yating , Zintler Alexander , Adabifiroozjaei Esmaeil , Arzumanov Alexey , Hubbard William A. , van Omme Tijn , Pivak Yevheniy , Perez-Garza Hector H. , Regan B. C. , Alff Lambert , Komissinskiy Philipp , Molina-Luna Leopoldo
Published: November 2023

Advanced nanomaterials are at the core of innovation for the microelectronics industry. Designing, characterizing, and testing two-terminal devices, such as metal-insulator-metal structures, is key to improving material stack design and integration. Electrical biasing within in situ transmission electron microscopy using MEMS-based platforms is a promising technique for nano-characterization under operando conditions. However, conventional focused ion beam sample preparation can introduce parasitic current paths, limiting device performance and leading to overestimated electrical responses. Here we demonstrate connectivity of TEM lamella devices obtained from a novel electrical contacting method based solely on van der Waals forces. This method reduces parasitic leakage currents by at least five orders of magnitude relative to reported preparation approaches. Our methodology enables operation of stack devices inside a microscope with device currents as low as 10 pA. We apply this approach to observe in situ biasing-induced defect formation, providing valuable insights into the behavior of an SrTiO3-based memristor.
A review of electrochemical impedance as a tool for examining cell biology and subcellular mechanisms: merits, limits, and future prospects
Authors: Arman Seyedyousef , Tilley Richard D. , Gooding J. Justin
Published: November 2023

Herein the development of cellular impedance biosensors, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the general principles and terms associated with the cell–electrode interface is reviewed.
Recent developments and applications of ambient mass spectrometry imaging in pharmaceutical research: an overview
Authors: Kumar Bharath Sampath
Published: November 2023

Application of mass spectrometry imaging [MSI] in pharamaceutical research.
A mixed-ligand Co metal–organic framework and its carbon composites as excellent electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction in green-energy devices
Authors: Gupta Gajendra , Gusmão Filipe , Paul Anup , Šljukić Biljana , Santos Diogo M. F. , Lee Junseong , Guedes da Silva M. Fátima C. , Pombeiro Armando J. L. , Lee Chang Yeon
Published: November 2023

The excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media using a new cobalt-based mixed-ligand metal–organic framework is described.
Computation of 31P NMR chemical shifts in Keggin−based lacunary polyoxotungstates
Authors: Thompson Jake A. , Vilà-Nadal Laia
Published: November 2023

Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were employed to systematically study the accuracy of various exchange-correlation functionals in reproducing experimental 31P NMR chemical shifts, δExp(31P) for Keggin and corresponding lacunary clusters.
Achieving high thermoelectric conversion efficiency in Bi2Te3-based stepwise legs through bandgap tuning and chemical potential engineering
Authors: Knura Rafal , Maksymuk Mykola , Parashchuk Taras , Wojciechowski Krzysztof T.
Published: November 2023

Highly efficient n- and p-type thermoelectric legs based on functionally graded Bi2Te3 materials are developed by simultaneous optimization of carrier concentration and bandgap tuning along with a stepwise leg approach.
Dual-mode optical ratiometric thermometry using Pr3+-doped NaSrGd(MoO4)3 phosphors with tunable sensitivity
Authors: Aly Taleb Zein El Abidine , Saidi Kamel , Dammak Mohamed
Published: November 2023

Owing to some special superior features, luminescence ratiometric thermometry has acquired popularity, particularly dual excitation single emission (SBR) and single excitation dual emission (FIR).
Exploring a prototype for cooperative structural phase transition in cobalt(ii) spin crossover compounds
Authors: Deng Yi-Fei , Wang Yi-Nuo , Zhao Xin-Hua , Zhang Yuan-Zhu
Published: November 2023

Four structurally related Co(ii) spin crossover compounds were prepared, which revealed that combining a rigid polymeric framework with flexible substituents may constitute to a prototype for cooperative SPT in cobalt(ii) SCO systems.
Selective chemical disassembly of elastane fibres and polyurethane coatings in textiles
Authors: Johansen Martin B. , Donslund Bjarke S. , Henriksen Martin L. , Kristensen Steffan K. , Skrydstrup Troels
Published: November 2023

Solvolysis of elastane in blended fabrics using tert-amyl alcohol and KOH (cat.) provides elastane monomers and a fibre matrix. The process is especially useful for polyamide/elastane blends, providing a possibility for fibre-to-fibre recycling.
A novel high-entropy sulfide (ZnCoMnFeAlMg)9S8 as a low potential and long life electrocatalyst for overall water splitting in experiments and DFT analysis
Authors: Li Shun , Tong Likai , Peng Zhijian , Zhang Bo , Fu Xiuli
Published: November 2023

A high entropy dual-functional overall water splitting catalyst with high efficiency and long life has been prepared.
Tuneable reduction of CO2 – organocatalyzed selective formylation and methylation of amines
Authors: Ren Changyue , Terazzi Constanza , Werner Thomas
Published: November 2023

The selective N-formylation and N-methylation of amines with carbon dioxide (CO2) catalyzed by methyltriphenylphosphonium methylcarbonate and tuned by polymethylhydrosiloxane or trimethoxysilane as reducing agents is reported.
Structuring biogenic synthesis of rare phase LaMn2O5 using the Bauhinia variegata (Kachnar) flower extract for highly sensitive, long range electrochemical detection of bisphenol-A, an endocrine disruptor
Authors: Srivastava Ankur , Singh Kshitij RB , Pandey Mrituanjay D. , Singh Jay
Published: November 2023

This work presents the in situ biogenic synthesis of rare phase nanostructure LaMn2O5 by the hydrothermal method, using the Bauhinia variegata (Kachnar) extract to prevent the discharge of hazardous and toxic waste elements into the environment.
Electric field-assisted laser ablation fabrication and assembly of zinc oxide/carbon nanocomposites into hierarchical structures for supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Tarasenka Natalie N. , Kornev Vladislav G. , Nedelko Mikhail I. , Maltanova Hanna M. , Poznyak Sergey K. , Tarasenko Nikolai V.
Published: November 2023

A novel method based on electric field-assisted laser ablation in a liquid was developed for the fabrication of composite ZnO/C hierarchical nanostructures promising for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes.
Glycosylation of n-pentenyl glycosides using bromodiethylsulfonium salt as an activator: interception of the glycosyl intermediate by chloride ion transfer
Authors: Buntasana Supanat , Padungros Panuwat
Published: November 2023

Glycosylation of n-pentenyl glycosides (NPGs) was achieved via a glycosyl chloride intermediate using bromodiethylsulfonium bromopentachloroantimonate (BDSB) as a potent brominating agent.
Proline-catalyzed synthesis of α-substituted (E)-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes from epoxides
Authors: Sharma Ajay , Pandey Satyendra Kumar
Published: November 2023

A novel, simple and metal-free tandem approach for synthesizing α-substituted (E)-α,β-unsaturated aldehyde derivatives through acid-catalyzed epoxide rearrangement and organocatalyzed aldol condensation processes has been described.
Predicted superconductivity in one-dimensional A3Hf2B3-type electrides
Authors: Chen Yulong , Xie Teng , Chen Ziqiang , Cui Zhou , Wen Cuilian , Sa Baisheng
Published: November 2023

Based on density functional theory calculations, Ca3Hf2Ge3, Ca3Hf2Sn3, and Sr3Hf2Pb3 are screened out as novel one-dimensional electrides and superconductors.
What are the minimal folding seeds in proteins? Experimental and theoretical assessment of secondary structure propensities of small peptide fragments
Authors: Osifová Zuzana , Kalvoda Tadeáš , Galgonek Jakub , Culka Martin , Vondrášek Jiří , Bouř Petr , Bednárová Lucie , Andrushchenko Valery , Dračínský Martin , Rulíšek Lubomír
Published: November 2023

We investigate short peptides and their propensity to form specific secondary structures. We show that the propensity might start to appear in sequences as short as several (3-11) amino acids.
Unveiling the topology of partially disordered micro-crystalline nitro-perylenediimide with X-aggregate stacking: an integrated approach
Authors: Mathew Renny , Mazumder Aniruddha , Kumar Praveen , Matula Julie , Mohamed Sharmarke , Brazda Petr , Hariharan Mahesh , Thomas Brijith
Published: November 2023

An interdisciplinary approach to derive the structure of a disordered supramolecular system.
Unveiling cellular vitality: peptide fluorescent probes illuminate mitochondrial dynamics and ROS activity
Authors: Vázquez-Sandoval Ixsoyen , Bernal-Escalante Jasmine , Romo-Pérez Adriana , Jiménez-Sánchez Arturo
Published: November 2023

This study explored cell-penetrating peptide probes for dynamic cellular vitality tracking.
Investigating naproxen removal from pharmaceutical factory effluents using UVA/MIL-88-A/PS and solar/MIL-88-A/PS systems
Authors: Ghazali Sarah , Baalbaki Abbas , Bou Karroum Weam , Bejjani Alice , Ghauch Antoine
Published: November 2023

The performance of solar/MIL-88-A/PS system is better than UVA/MIL-88-A/PS system for a full and rapid degradation of naproxen drug is water matrix.
Stator winding fault detection of induction motors using fast Fourier transform on rotor slot harmonics and least square analysis of the Park's vectors
Authors: Ghanbari Teymoor , Mehraban Abbas
Published: November 2023

An efficient method for the detection of the stator winding faults (SWFs) of induction motors was dealt based on Park's vector of rotor slot harmonics (RSHs). The induced harmonic voltages of the RSHs in the stator windings are the supreme signatures for fault detection, which can be monitored in the motor currents. Using such a signature, unbalanced supply voltage and stator windings fault situations could be segregated straightforwardly. On the other hand, despite some merits, Park's vector analysis‐based methods suffer from low sensitivity and unreliability in the case of low‐severity faults. To have the advantages of both methods while tackling the shortcomings, Park's vector approach and the RSH signatures are combined in the proposed method. The RSHs are extracted using the fast Fourier transform method and the least squared approach is employed for pattern recognition. Different experimental results under various scenarios, even in the case of low severity faults, confirm that the locus of Park's vector is an elliptical shape in SWFs, while it is shapeless in other cases, such as healthy and unbalanced supply voltage cases.
Analysis of multi‐objective optimisation method for main insulation structure configuration scheme of valve‐side winding of ultra‐high voltage converter transformer considering multi‐field coupling
Authors: Yang Lijun , Cheng Zhidong , Cheng Li , Liao Ruijin
Published: November 2023

Because DC conductivities of oil‐paper materials can be easily affected by electric field and temperature, the electrical properties under electro‐thermal coupling of oil‐paper materials should be considered when optimising the insulation structure of valve‐side winding of the converter transformer. Based on the finite element multi‐physical field coupling simulation, the multi‐objective optimisation of main insulation structure of valve‐side winding is carried out. In view of the high time consuming of multi‐physical field calculation and the actual needs of an insulation structure optimisation, the Kriging method and technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) method are introduced, and combines them with NSGA‐II to obtain a joint algorithm that can be used for the optimisation of insulation structure of the converter transformer. By using the joint algorithm of multi‐objective optimisation, the insulation structure configuration scheme of valve‐side winding is optimised. It can be seen from the experiment result that, on the one hand, the joint algorithm adopted can obtain the insulation structure configuration scheme that meets the design requirements. On the other hand, when facing the configuration scheme optimisation under multi‐field coupling, the computational time required by this method is only 0.15 % of that required by original genetic algorithm.
Nearby galaxies in the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey
Authors: Heesen V. , Schulz S. , Brüggen M. , Edler H. W. , Stein M. , Paladino R. , Boselli A. , Ignesti A. , Fossati M. , Dettmar R.-J.
Published: November 2023

Context. To understand galaxy evolution, it is essential to measure star formation rates (SFRs) across cosmic time.

Aims. The use of radio continuum emission as an extinction-free tracer of star formation necessitates a good understanding of the influence of cosmic-ray electron (CRE) transport. Our aim in this work is to improve this understanding.

Methods. We analysed the spatially resolved radio continuum-star formation rate (radio-SFR) relation in 15 nearby galaxies using data from the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) and the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) at 144 and 1365 MHz, respectively. The hybrid SFR maps are based on observations with Spitzer at 24 μm and with GALEX at 156 nm. Our pixel-by-pixel analysis at 1.2 kpc resolution reveals the usual sublinear radio-SFR relation for local measurements. This can be linearised with a smoothing experiment, convolving the hybrid SFR map with a Gaussian kernel that provides us with the CRE transport length.

Results. CRE transport can be described as energy-independent isotropic diffusion. If we consider only young CREs as identified with the radio spectral index, we find a linear relation showing the influence of cosmic-ray transport. We then define the CRE calorimetric efficiency as the ratio of radio-to-hybrid SFR surface density and show that it is a function of the radio spectral index. If we correct the radio-SFR relation for the CRE calorimetric efficiency parametrised by the radio spectral index, it becomes nearly linear with a slope of 1.01 ± 0.02, independent of frequency.

Conclusions. The corrected radio-SFR relation is universal and it holds for both global and local measurements.
Combining STEREO heliospheric imagers and Solar Orbiter to investigate the evolution of the 2022 March 10 CME
Authors: Zhuang B. , Lugaz N. , Al-Haddad N. , Scolini C. , Farrugia C. J. , Regnault F. , Davies E. E. , Yu W. , Winslow R. M. , Galvin A. B.
Published: November 2023

Context. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale structures of magnetized plasma that erupt from the corona into interplanetary space. The launch of Solar Orbiter (SolO) in 2020 enables in situ measurements of CMEs in the innermost heliosphere, at such distances where CMEs can be observed remotely within the inner field of view of heliospheric imagers (HIs). It thus provides the opportunity for investigations into the correspondence of the CME substructures measured in situ and observed remotely. We studied a CME that started on 2022 March 10 and was measured in situ by SolO at ∼0.44 au.

Aims. Combining remote observations of CMEs from wide-angle imagers and in situ measurements in the innermost heliosphere allows us to compare CME properties derived through both techniques, validate the estimates, and better understand CME evolution, specifically the size and radial expansion, within 0.5 au.

Methods. We compared the evolution of different CME substructures observed in images from the HIs on board the Ahead Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO-A) and the CME signatures measured in situ by SolO. The CME is found to possess a density enhancement at its rear edge in both remote and in situ observations, which validates the use of the signature of density enhancement following the CMEs to accurately identify the CME rear edge. We also estimated and compared the radial size and radial expansion speed of different substructures in both observations.

Results. The evolution of the CME front and rear edges in remote images is consistent with the in situ CME measurements. The radial expansion (i.e., radial size and radial expansion speed) of the whole CME structure consisting of the magnetic ejecta and the sheath is consistent with the in situ estimates obtained at the same time from SolO. However, we do not find such consistencies for the magnetic ejecta region inside the CME because it is difficult to identify the magnetic ejecta edges in the remote images.
The Blanco DECam Bulge Survey (BDBS)
Authors: Marchetti Tommaso , Joyce Meridith , Johnson Christian I. , Rich R. Michael , Clarkson William , Kunder Andrea , Simion Iulia T. , Pilachowski Catherine A.
Published: November 2023

Context. The inner Galaxy is a complex environment, and the relative contributions of different formation scenarios to its observed morphology and stellar properties are still debated. The different components are expected to have different spatial, kinematic, and metallicity distributions, and a combination of photometric, spectroscopic, and astrometric large-scale surveys is needed to study the formation and evolution of the Galactic bulge.

Aims. The Blanco DECam Bulge Survey (BDBS) provides near-ultraviolet to near-infrared photometry for approximately 250 million unique stars over more than 200 square degrees of the southern Galactic bulge. By combining BDBS photometry with the latest Gaia astrometry, we aim to characterize the chemodynamics of red clump stars across the BDBS footprint using an unprecedented sample size and sky coverage.

Methods. Our field of view of interest is |ℓ| ≤ 10°, −10° ≤b ≤ −3°. We constructed a sample of approximately 2.3 million red clump giants in the bulge with photometric metallicities, BDBS photometric distances, and proper motions. Photometric metallicities are derived from a (u − i)0 versus [Fe/H] relation; astrometry, including precise proper motions, is from the third data release (DR3) of the ESA satellite Gaia. We studied the kinematics of the red clump stars as a function of sky position and metallicity by investigating proper-motion rotation curves, velocity dispersions, and proper-motion correlations across the southern Galactic bulge.

Results. By binning our sample into eight metallicity bins in the range of −1.5 dex < [Fe/H] < +1 dex, we find that metal-poor red clump stars exhibit lower rotation amplitudes, at ∼29 km s−1 kpc−1. The peak of the angular velocity is ∼39 km s−1 kpc−1 for [Fe/H] ∼ −0.2 dex, exhibiting declining rotation at higher [Fe/H]. The velocity dispersion is higher for metal-poor stars, while metal-rich stars show a steeper gradient with Galactic latitude, with a maximum dispersion at low latitudes along the bulge minor axis. Only metal-rich stars ([Fe/H] ≳ −0.5 dex) show clear signatures of the bar in their kinematics, while the metal-poor population exhibits isotropic motions with an axisymmetric pattern around Galactic longitude ℓ = 0.

Conclusions. This work describes the largest sample of bulge stars with distance, metallicity, and astrometry reported to date, and shows clear kinematic differences with metallicity. The global kinematics over the bulge agrees with earlier studies. However, we see striking changes with increasing metallicity, and, for the first time, kinematic differences for stars with [Fe/H]>  − 0.5, suggesting that the bar itself may have kinematics that depends on metallicity.
Similar additional frequency patterns on fundamental- and overtone-mode RR Lyrae stars showing f68 frequencies
Authors: Benkő József M. , Kovács Gábor B.
Published: November 2023

Context. Until now, it has been accepted that the additional frequencies in the fundamental-(RRab) and overtone-mode pulsating (RRc and RRd) RR Lyrae stars are of a different nature. RRab stars show frequencies associated with periodic doubling, as well as frequencies at the first and second radial overtones, and linear combinations of these. RRc stars show frequencies with specific ratios (f1/fx ∼ 0.61 or ∼0.63), which are explained by non-radial modes, and frequencies with a ratio of fx/f1 ∼ 0.68, for which there is currently no accepted explanation.

Aims. To search for similarities in spectral content, we compared the recently published Fourier spectra of TESS and K2 RRc stars with the spectra of Kepler RRab stars that do not show the Blazhko effect but contain additional frequencies.

Methods. We analysed the time series data using standard Fourier methods, and also investigated the possibility of excitation of the second radial overtone mode in RRab stars using numerical hydrodynamical codes.

Results. We show that the additional frequencies appear in non-Blazhko RRab stars at the position of the second radial overtone mode, and the pattern they create is very similar to that caused by the additional frequencies with the period ratio of ∼0.68 in RRc stars. The formerly raised hypothesis that the additional frequencies of these RRab stars are due to a second radial overtone is unlikely.
Functional disorders and chronic diseases of the biliary tract
Authors: Antoniadi Ilona , Slohova Naida , Khadueva Yakha
Published: November 2023

The incidence of cholelithiasis in the Russian Federation is quite high, and there is a tendency to a progressive increase in the number of patients with cholelithiasis. VS Mayat et al. (1978) call cholelithiasis the second problem in gastroenterology (after peptic ulcer). However, it can be assumed that if the incidence of gallstone disease continues to increase at the same rate as at present, then cholelithiasis will soon become the number one problem. According to clinical observations, in the post-war period, the incidence of gallstone disease for every 10 years increased by almost 2 times. According to the materials of pathoanatomical studies, over 25 years it has increased by an average of 2.8 times. According to the forecast of A. V. Shaposhnikov and Ya. D. Abusara (1976), cholelithiasis in 1982 can occur in every third person.
Factors affecting the severity of COVID-19 and the development of complications
Authors: Kulova Laura , Bataev Khizir , Avduev Imran
Published: November 2023

COVID-19 is a new unexplored disease about which nothing has been known so far. And therefore, the consequences of COVID-19 came as a complete surprise to doctors. Their forces were directed to the treatment of the acute stage of the disease, and they did not even suspect that in many patients the health problems would not end along with the end of the acute phase, which proceeds with fever and other vivid symptoms of viral inflammation. Information that COVID-19 does not end with a decrease in temperature and the disappearance of characteristic symptoms first appeared on social networks. And I must say that the medical community did not immediately take seriously the complaints of those who seemed to have recovered, but continued to complain of weakness, shortness of breath, memory impairment, etc. Only a few months later, when there were so many complaining that it was no longer possible to ignore doctors acknowledged the existence of a problem. In order to get an objective picture of how patients who have had COVID-19 actually feel, a number of studies have been conducted. For example, in the state of Michigan (USA), 1250 patients who were discharged from the hospital where they were treated for a new coronavirus infection were called. The survey showed that 6.7% of patients died during the study period, 32.6% of patients reported persistent symptoms, including 18.9% new or worsening symptoms. The most commonly reported were shortness of breath when climbing stairs (22.9%), less commonly cough (15.4%) and permanent loss of taste and/or smell (13.1%). Similar data were obtained in studies conducted in Europe.
Influence of mountain hypoxia on functional reserves of students
Authors: Anzorov V. A. , Moryakina S. V.
Published: November 2023

The article provides the level of functional reserves of students living in mountainous areas. The conducted studies indicate that oxygen deficiency in the inhaled air does not lead to a significant change in the indicators of the functional reserves of students. The value of the endurance coefficient and the index of cardiovascular regulation did not change under hypoxia conditions. At an altitude of 1600 m above sea level, the value of the Robinson index decreased in the group of girls to 78.2 arb. units, boys – 76.0 conventional units. units, and on the plain it was 86.2 and 83.2, respectively. The level of adaptation potential, gradually decreasing, reached a minimum value in mid-mountain conditions - 2.01 for both girls and boys, and on the plain it was 2.12 and 2.11, respectively. The Skibinskaya index at an altitude of 1600 m among female students increased to 23.2, and among male students - 39.3, and at an altitude of 170 m it was 18.2 and 30.9, respectively.
Interhemisphere asymmetry of the dominant frequency of electroencephalogram rhythms with age
Authors: Magomedova Z. A. , Abumuslimov S. S.
Published: November 2023

The work investigated the asymmetry of the dominant frequency of electroencephalography (EEG) rhythms in the two hemispheres of the brain. Three age periods were studied: 16-20, 21-35 and 35-60 years. The study of the dominant frequency was carried out in general groups and separately in males and females. Students, additional education students and university staff were recruited as subjects. The dominant frequency of EEG rhythms was studied using a Neuron-Spectrum 1 electroencephalograph in eight monopolar leads. Electrodes were applied to the scalp according to the international “10-20%” system. The subjects’ electroencephalograms were recorded in a state of wakefulness with their eyes closed. The dominant frequency of five EEG rhythms was studied: alpha, beta1, beta2, theta and delta rhythms. It was revealed that at different age periods in general groups there is asymmetry in individual EEG rhythms. In addition, when studying males and females separately, asymmetry in the dominant frequency is observed in them at different age periods. Our data indicate a possible asymmetry in the electrical activity of the cerebral hemispheres in humans aged 16 to 60 years.
Functional polymorphisms of oxidative stress and repair genes as biomarkers of the risk of developing breast cancer
Authors: Bisultanova Z. I. , Dzhambetova P. M. , Dzhambetova L. M.
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer has the highest incidence and is the fifth leading cause of death in women worldwide. Cancer formation is a multistep, multistep process involving cellular and molecular events. At all its stages, in an initially healthy single cell, there is a gradual accumulation of genetic changes in DNA caused by endogenous and exogenous factors. Breast cancer-predisposing mutations are not evenly distributed among populations, and each ethnic group is descended from its own pool of ancestors who carried a unique spectrum of alleles associated with the disease, making it imperative that studies of this kind be conducted to identify “population-specific markers.”
Biomorphological analysis and occurance of plant species in the central area of the Way carbon polygon
Authors: Iriskhanova Zazu , Bekmurzaeva Rashiya , Shimaev Timur
Published: November 2023

When studying the biodiversity of regional flora, various floristic studies are carried out. An important role is played by the analysis of plant life forms. Life forms of plants are one of the main characteristics that make it possible to assess the current state of the flora and are an important indicator for assessing the study of the biodiversity of a floristic object. This article provides a biomorphological analysis and occurrence of plant species at the central site of the WAY CARBON carbon test site (in the vicinity of the village of Khoy, Vedeno district, Chechen Republic). The analysis is based on the processing of herbarium materials and field observations of the authors.
Adaptive landscape gardening in a metropolis
Authors: Efimova Elena , Ponomareva Svetlana
Published: November 2023

The article focuses on a solution to the quality-of-life issues, public health by using of new forms of adaptive gardening in the landscape of a large city. Reasoning and calculations of the efficiency for an alternative method of growing medicinal plants were made.
Addressing the social determinants of global mental health in the era of the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Alexandrova Natalia , Turaeva Ayna , Zakrailova Birlant
Published: November 2023

Everything in our world is marked by constant upheavals, challenges and upheavals. Since the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic, human development in most countries has disrupted human development and continues to pose unpredictable threats as new virus strains emerge. So, military conflicts in Ukraine and other regions have caused substantial human suffering against the backdrop of changeing global politics and uncoordinated international relations. It is also important to note that the escalating impact of climate change, with record-breaking temperatures and firestorm events in our planetary systems, underscores the fragility of our planetary systems. Acute crises, in the form of urgent problems are transforming into long-term uncertainties that characterize our more unstable way of life. The concept of uncertainty is not a new one for humanity, as we have experienced past epidemics, wars and natural disasters. Inspite of the fact that some nations have teetered on the edge of disaster, others have demonstrated resilience and adaptability in response to this unprecedented reality. At the moment, the key to addressing this challenge lies in accelerating human development. Unlocking an impressive potential for creativity and cooperation that is present in ourselves can be unlocked by exploring the innate potential for creativity and cooperation that resides within us.
Synthetic biology as a breakthrough direction in the creation of biological systems
Authors: Turpal Khasanov
Published: November 2023

Synthetic biology as a scientific direction appeared at the beginning of the 21st century on the basis of the accumulated scientific and technological base and discoveries in the fields of systems biology, biotechnology, molecular biology, bioengineering and genetic engineering. The formation of synthetic biology as a separate area fell on the period of 2000–2010, when the first discoveries were made related to the standardization of DNA parts, combinatorial synthesis of the genetic network, synthetic schemes that promote the penetration of bacteria into tumor cells, etc., and the first scientific - research centers and teams (Craig Venter Institute and the Center for Synthetic Biology and Innovation at Imperial College London), the first international conference on synthetic biology Synthetic Biology 1.0 was held. Since 2010, there has been an intensive development of this direction, as well as an increase in the number of developments with applied applications (creation of the first synthetic cell, artemisinin synthesis, the first computer-generated genome, etc.). One of the main factors in the development of synthetic biology has been the expansion of data analysis and modeling capabilities, the active digitalization of research and the development of interdisciplinary areas, such as bioinformatics. Today, the areas of application of synthetic biology are actively expanding (medicine, pharmaceuticals, food industry, agriculture, cosmetics, textile industry, energy, etc.), which leads to an increase in its role in ensuring economic growth.
The role of biotechnology in the formation of scientific and technical progress
Authors: Khasuev Aslanbek , Tskhovrebova Albina
Published: November 2023

All of humanity is in a state of deep and irreversible civilization, the symptoms that are not only global economic problems but also an unprecedented decline in value consciousness. Intercivilizational conflicts are brewing. The greatest intercivilizational conflicts are brewing. The rules of exchange between economically strong and weak subjects are hopelessly outdated. Unfair mechanisms of exchange between economically strong and weak subjects are hopelessly outdated. An expanding Colonial politics is occurring in new, more complex forms on the planet. A “consumer society” as an alternative and non-alternative model of development seems unshakable. The idea of a “consumer” social system as the only non-alternative and progressive model of development seems unshakable. Which race will this run with the planet’s limited resources lead to? All people want to exchange spiritual wealth and freedom for material well-being?
Challenges and future prospects for biotechnology
Authors: Ibragimova Zalina Mayrbekovna , Amirova Elmira Faylovna , Anokhina Olga Nikolaevna
Published: November 2023

Biotechnology is the manipulation of living organisms or their components to produce useful products. It is an innovative interdisciplinary field that influences many industries including agriculture, veterinary medicine, medicine, pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. It is one of the key technologies for sustainable production. However, there are challenges and some promising prospects in biotechnology. This chapter takes into account the various areas where biotechnology is challenging and where it could be a solution in the future if it is utilized effectively.
Industrial production in the bioeconomy: Directions and prospects
Authors: Khagaeva Aminat , Karaketova Laura , Chernova Svetlana
Published: November 2023

The modern innovative economy is characterized by global transformation processes caused by revolutionary changes in the natural sciences, and, above all, in biological science. This is explained by the fact that biology has reached the molecular and subcellular level due to inter- and transdisciplinary approaches to its development, where a synergistic effect is achieved through the scientific cooperation of biology, economics, physics, chemistry, mathematics, cybernetics and information technology. Ultimately, this symbiosis led to the formation of a new direction in science - bioeconomy. The new direction is based on biotechnologies, which, as scientists note, are characterized by scientific diversity, since the development of biotechnologies depends on fundamental knowledge, practical skills and innovative technologies in other fields of science.