bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inclusive Design Studios
Authors: Pilat Stephanie Z , Person Angela
Published: September 2022

The culture of the architectural design studio continues, in large part, to be based on centuries old traditions. Research on teaching, learning and bias suggest, however, that a rethinking of these traditions is long overdue if we aim to create inclusive learning environments and diversify our profession. Drawing on recent research on the cultivation of expertise, student motivation and stereotype threat, this essay considers how we might rethink design studio instruction. Studies on the development of expertise suggest a critical re-imagining of the instructor’s role in design studios. Research on student motivation suggests that many of the traditional practices of architectural education inevitably leave students unmotivated and need to be reconsidered. Finally, research on the ways in which stereotypes impact academic performance illuminate some of the roadblocks to diversifying our classrooms and profession. This essay shares evidence-based strategies to address these roadblocks and traditions to develop a more inclusive and effective design studio culture.
The Design Lodge
Authors: Fortin David
Published: September 2022

This essay posits the role that the spaces for architectural production have played in supporting a design ethos that has historically neglected our relationship with the Land, and how its reconceptualization could contribute to a ‘spiritual and cultural’ shift through a placed-based ethical framework. More specifically, the space where design typically takes place is most often described in English as the “studio”, a term that has been adopted by universities and professional offices alike, and is broadly considered the core of architectural education and production around the world. Yet, surprisingly, we rarely question - why a “studio”? What is the nature of a “studio” exactly, and how does this potentially impact how we teach design and, subsequently, what we design? Can an element of the sacred infiltrate the spaces of architectural production in the twenty-first century in an effort to prioritize the flourishing of all life on our planet, and how can Indigenous knowledge guide us along this path? The essay first examines the history of the “studio” and questions its ongoing relevance, as well as recent alternatives. This is followed by a proposition for the concept of a “design lodge” that might best be able to inspire “transformational” change in architectural education by transcending conventional fixations on object-centred design.
Improvement of crop and soil management practices through mulching for enhancement of soil fertility and environmental sustainability: A review
Authors: Ravichandran Mythili , C Samiappan Sumathi , Pandiyan Rajesh , Velu Rajesh Kannan
Published: September 2022

The logarithmic phase of the human population creates high food demand near the future throughout the world. On the flip side, improved crop production requires uninterrupted water irrigation. Therefore, sensible agricultural inputs are needed to overcome these concerns. New technology-based innovative agronomic research steps will boost the contemporary agriculture practices in developed and developing countries. Agricultural cropping systems could follow mulching practices as one of the best crop management practices for its water and nutrient management potential. It is primarily to accomplish healthy economic and environmental bonds. By covering the soil's surface with biodegradable resources such as organic and inorganic materials, mulching improves the physicochemical characteristics of the soil. This approach provides a favorable environment for the development of plant growth and fosters the activities of microbial communities. Additionally, it reduces the growth of weeds, manages erosion, gets rid of pesticide residue, and increases soil fertility. Mulching the soil surface has profound benefits in improving the soil moisture levels due to a reduced evaporation rate. This method is a practical agronomic entrance to reduce water scarcity and raise the chance of water conservation, notably in arid and semiarid regions. It can also boost crop security and production to meet the global food requirements. This review significantly focuses on the current influence and advantages of organic mulches for crop establishment in the agriculture sector, which can close the production gap between achievable and actual yield.
Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) Cell line permeability of Curcumin loaded Phycocyanin nanosponges - In-Vitro study
Authors: Kasirajan Manjuladevi , Velmurugan Ramaiyan , Vijayalakshmi A.
Published: September 2022

Blood Brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective wall in the brain to restrict the invasion of xenobiotics or toxic chemicals. This, in turn, becomes a major obstacle for researchers and industry people in formulating new drugs to treat brain disorders like brain tumors, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, meningitis, and so on. The purpose of this research is to study the in-vitro cytotoxicity & BBB permeation of curcumin-loaded phycocyanin nanosponges (Cur-PC NS) using Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell lines. Cell viability of Cur-PC NS was performed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) values, and permeability coefficient were measured to test the integrity of monolayer of MDCK cell line. Results of the current study showed that Cur-PC NS at 50µM, 85% of MDCK cells are more viable and there was a significant (p<0.01) reduction in TEER values up to 48 hours when compared to the curcumin. The permeability coefficient of nanosponges produced a 2.5-fold increase in enhancement ratio with a Papp value of 1.94±0.11×10-6 cm/s and 4.86±0.04×10-6cm/s for curcumin and Cur-PC NS respectively. Results of the study can be concluded that phycocyanin nanosponges can be used as a carrier for curcumin to permeate the BBB which may play a major role in the treatment of various brain disorders. Future studies are needed to substantiate the exact mechanism of permeability with clarification of efflux transporters presented in BBB.
Ameliorating Direct Blue Dye Degradation Using Trametes versicolor Derived Laccase Enzyme Optimized through Box–Behnken Design (BBD) via Submerged Fermentation
Authors: Ramaswamy Umamaheswari , Lakshmanan Ramkumar , Ravichandran Mythili , Periasamy Prabu , Sengodan Shanmugam
Published: September 2022

The major intend of this study was to elucidate the laccase production by Trametes versicolor under submerged fermentation using fruit waste peel as substrate. The textile dye was decolorized by the procured crude enzymatic extract using the response surface methodology. The submerged media with organic fruit peel waste extract (jackfruit, pineapple & kaffir) supplemented with gypsum, calcium carbonate, and nutrient broth were considered superior for laccase production. The produced laccase enzyme was used in dye decolorization at the optimum conditions using the Box-Behnken design. Subsequently, the experiment was designed with four variables (dye concentration, pH, temperature & time) with three factors to achieve the maximum direct blue dye decolorization. The highest laccase activity level was obtained from jackfruit peel extract with 3.86U/ml on 15th day at 25oC with pH 5.0 when compared to the other two extracts. The maximum laccase activity with guaiacol was obtained at optimum pH 4 and 40oC. The predicted value was experimentally validated by attaining 81.25% of dye color removal. From the result, the optimum conditions for direct blue color removal were: dye concentration 40ppm, pH 4.0, temperature 40oC at 24 hours. From the results of this study, it was concluded that the jack fruit peel was a more suitable substrate for laccase production. The dye decolorization results were recommended that Box-Behnken design for parameters optimization. The T. versicolor laccase was more proficient for textile dye decolorization. The opportunity was created by using the laccase enzyme for the biological treatment of textile dyeing effluent before discharging into the environment.
Management of Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Antibiotic Allergy: Executive Summary of Guidelines from the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC), the Spanish Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (SEAIC), the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH) and the Spanish Society of Intensive Medicine and Coronary Care Units (SEMICYUC)
Authors: Paño-Pardo JR , Moreno Rodilla E , Cobo Sacristan S , Cubero Saldaña JL , Periañez Párraga L , del Pozo León JL , Retamar-Gentil P , Rodríguez Oviedo A , Torres Jaén MJ , Vidal-Cortes P , Colás Sanz C
Published: September 2022

Suspected or confirmed antibiotic allergy is a frequent clinical circumstance that influences antimicrobial prescription and often leads to the avoidable use of less efficacious and/or more toxic or costly drugs than first-line antimicrobials. Optimizing antimicrobial therapy in patients with antibiotic allergy labels has become one of the priorities of antimicrobial stewardship programs in several countries. These guidelines aim to make recommendations for the systematic approach to patients with suspected or confirmed antibiotic allergy based on current evidence. An expert panel (11 members of various scientific societies) formulated questions about the management of patients with suspected or confirmed antibiotic allergy. A systematic literature review was performed by a medical librarian. The questions were distributed among panel members who selected the most relevant references, summarized the evidence, and formulated graded recommendations when possible. The answers to all the questions were finally reviewed by all panel members. A systematic approach to patients with suspected or confirmed antibiotic allergy was recommended to improve antibiotic selection and, consequently, clinical outcomes. A clinically oriented, 3-category risk-stratification strategy was recommended for patients with suspected antibiotic allergy. Complementary assessments should consider both clinical risk category and preferred antibiotic agent. Empirical therapy recommendations for the most relevant clinical syndromes in patients with suspected or confirmed ß-lactam allergy were formulated, as were recommendations on the implementation and monitoring of the impact of the guidelines. Antimicrobial stewardship programs and allergists should design and implement activities that facilitate the most appropriate use of antibiotics in these patients.
Ceramic cantilever bridge: A simplified clinical technique
Authors: Chraibi Rime , Hanine Yasmine , Cherkaoui Amine , Soualhi Hicham
Published: September 2022

The anterior single missing tooth is a challenge to the dental surgeon when it comes to functional, aesthetic and biological integration especially when in adolescents or young adults, where passive eruption of the tooth is still active and where implant placement must be postponed.

As a temporary or a long-term treatment, a fixed prosthesis can be placed, but in the era of maximum tissue preservation, dental practice is moving towards a harmless and conservative prosthetic therapy “the cantilever bonded bridge”.

The indication is limited to the replacement of central or lateral maxillary incisor and mandibular incisors and therefore requires following a precise and rigorous clinical protocol.

This article will discuss a simplified clinical realization of the ceramic cantilever bridge.

The use of cantilever bonded bridges (single retainer) seems to be an excellent alternative compared to other therapeutic solutions.
Comparing the efficacy of lycopene & lycopene with hyaluronidase in management of oral sub mucous fibrosis-A clinical study
Authors: Asdullah Md. , Gupta Juhi , Khan Shahla , Yadav Prommod , Salati Nasir A , Verma Prathuman
Published: September 2022

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a scarring disease of the oral cavity that develops over time. Lycopene is a potent antioxidant found in tomatoes that has the best singlet oxygen quenching capability and a strong capacity to quench other free radicals in vitro of all the dietary carotenoids. A protein called hyaluronidase, which is found in mammalian sperm and testes, hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid to alter the permeability of connective tissue.

To determine the effectiveness of lycopene and lycopenehyaluronidase in treating OSMF, as well as a comparison of their effectiveness.

: 45 people with OSMF were enrolled in the study and divided into three groups. Patients in Group A received two evenly divided doses of Lycored 16 mg twice daily for three months. Patients in Group B received LycoRed and a 1500 IU intralesional injection of hyaluronidase twice a week for three months. Patients in Group C received placebo pills. The patients were evaluated at the end of three months. We observed the opening of the mouth, visual examination, palpatory findings, and burning sensation.

For lycopene and lycopene–hyaluronidase combination, there was a statistically significant difference in mouth opening and burning sensation compared to placebo.
Redes de conhecimento como estratégia de desenvolvimento de subsetores fabris: participação dos produtores brasileiros de casas de madeira em eventos técnicos e científicos
Authors: De Araujo Victor Almeida , Garcia José Nivaldo
Published: September 2022

Este artigo avaliou a participação dos produtores brasileiros de casas de madeira nos eventos técnicos e científicos relacionados às suas atividades, cujas áreas essenciais incluem os produtos, as manufaturas e as tecnologias dos recursos florestais e madeireiros para a construção. Este estudo utilizou o método de entrevistas face a face semiestruturadas para avaliar a participação desse setor construtivo nacional em eventos em todo o país. Os dados qualitativos foram coletados randomicamente, mensurados quantitativamente e comparados entre si. Metade do setor – formado por duas centenas de empresas – foi avaliado, o que resultou em uma margem de erro ideal. Consultas em websites dos eventos relacionados a esse setor, pesquisas bibliográficas e observações diretas in loco de ambos os autores nesses eventos serviram para triangular os dados. O engajamento setorial foi confirmado a partir das percepções dos autores enquanto participantes dos eventos, com dois terços das empresas amostradas frequentando eventos – especialmente palestras técnicas e feiras – como ouvintes. Um quarto do setor já frequenta eventos científicos, o que sugere uma busca por inovações e tendências. Como consequência, o aumento da participação empresarial pode estabelecer discussões para valorizar seus produtos, isto é, as suas soluções habitacionais em madeira.
“Dá pro gasto!” Um produto educacional sobre educação financeira para discentes beneficiários da assistência estudantil
Authors: Santos Jessyca Mayara Nunes dos , Almeida Emmanuelle Arnaud
Published: September 2022

A Política de Assistência Estudantil atua na tentativa de reduzir as desigualdades sociais existentes na sociedade e que incidem no contexto educativo. Dentre os diversos programas ofertados pela política, há aqueles nos quais ocorre a transferência de ajudas de custo aos discentes, porém, no âmbito do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba - IFPB, isto ocorre de forma desvinculada de uma instrução sobre finanças pessoais. Objetiva-se então, apresentar o processo de desenvolvimento do produto educacional “Dá pro gasto!”, evidenciando a importância da educação financeira para estudantes do Ensino Médio Integrado, beneficiários da Assistência Estudantil. Para tal, procedeu-se a análise de relatos das experiências de discentes egressos e Assistentes Sociais do IFPB campus Campina Grande. O presente artigo possui caráter quanti-qualitativo, classificação aplicada e cunho exploratório. A partir da análise dos dados, pôde-se inferir que a Educação Financeira vai ao encontro dos pressupostos da Educação Profissional e Tecnológica almejando instigar no discente a autonomia, a criticidade, a responsabilidade, preparando-o para o exercício da cidadania. Neste contexto, o produto educacional desenvolvido torna-se rico para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem ao favorecer o desenvolvimento de novas atitudes financeiras em seus leitores.
Revisão bibliométrica e estado da arte do estoque de carbono em pastagem na Amazônia
Authors: Araujo Emmanoella Costa Guaraná , Sanquetta Carlos Roberto , Pelissari Allan Libanio , Corte Ana Paula Dalla
Published: September 2022

As alterações no uso e cobertura dos solos florestais podem causar mudanças no balanço de biomassa e carbono dos sistemas, culminando no aumento das emissões de gases de efeito estufa. As áreas com cultivos alternativos, resultantes de alterações na cobertura vegetal, aparentam ser pouco avaliadas. Assim, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar uma revisão bibliométrica das publicações relativas à Amazônia, indexadas na base de dados Scopus. Para tanto, foram utilizadas palavras-chave para obtenção de um banco de dados, resultando em 118 publicações. Os dados passaram por uma triagem, sendo selecionados 48 manuscritos de acordo com critérios preestabelecidos para realização do estado da arte e determinação das métricas de interesse. Na ocasião, foram observados aspectos como o ano de publicação dos trabalhos, autores e suas afiliações, localização dos estudos e métodos de determinação de carbono. A primeira pesquisa registrada foi em 1995, possivelmente em decorrência de conferências internacionais relacionadas ao meio ambiente e clima. O país que mais apresentou estudos relacionados ao tema foi o Brasil. O compartimento mais avaliado foi o solo e, quanto à biomassa, a porção mais avaliada foi a biomassa acima do solo. Foram encontradas lacunas científicas, ou seja, alguns países ainda não desenvolveram pesquisas relacionadas com o tema. Tal fato reforça a importância de realizar avaliações locais para evitar tendências nas estimações dos teores e estoques de carbono em solos amazônicos.
The Public and Environmental Aspect of Restoring Sustainable Regional Development in the Face of the Negative Impact of Military Actions on the Territory of the Country
Authors: Kryshtanovych Myroslav , Dragan Ivan , Grytsyshen Dymytrii , Sergiienko Larysa , Baranovska Tetiana
Published: September 2022

The main purpose of the article is to study the features of the public and environmental aspects of restoring sustainable regional development and to form an information program of the social and environmental aspects of sustainable regional development in the face of the negative impact of military actions on the territory of the country. The research methodology includes the use of a demonstration model for graphical display of the results. Taking into account expert opinions, we systematized and identified the main steps to ensure sustainable regional development in the face of the negative impact of military actions in the context of the public and environmental component. As a result, a demonstration model of ways to ensure sustainable regional development in the face of the negative impact of military actions in the context of the public and environmental component was built. The conducted study has a limitation, since Ukraine was chosen for the study, in which, at the time of writing, the aggressive military expansion by the Russian Federation continued, the model was built under the given realities of the functioning of the regional development system. In this regard, in further studies it is planned to adapt this model to the realities of other countries of the world.
Study on Opencast Coal Mine Haul Road Dust Suppression using Guargum Grafted Polyacrylamide
Authors: Kumar Kashi Vivek , Karmakar N. C. , Krishnamoorthi S.
Published: September 2022

Vehicle movement over haul road is the major source of fugitive dust emission from opencast coal mines which adversely affect the environment. Water spraying is the most common practice for controlling fugitive dust generationfrom haul road. In this work, an innovative polymer was synthesised to study its effectiveness as a dust suppressing agent. Guargum grafted polyacrylamide (GG-g-PAM) polymer was synthesised by free radical polymerisation technique using Ceric Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) initiator. Haul road dust sample was collected from a mine and characterised by sieve analysis and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. An experiment was carried out at controlled environment in the oven to measure the moisture retention efficiency of the dust applying the synthesised polymerat different temperatures 25°C, 35°C and 45°C. For this purpose, 0.1 weight percentage of GG-g-PAM was mixed with water. The solution was sprayed over 20g dust sample (below 10 mesh size) in a petri dish. The same experiment was repeated with only water as the dust suppressant to compare with the effectiveness of GG-g-PAM. The experiments showed that application of GG-g-PAM polymer solution instead of only water helps to increasing moisture retention capacity of haul road dust by 12.9% after 8 h at 25°C, 14.7% after 8 h at 35 °C, and 25.4% after 2 h at 45°C. It is also observed that application of GG-g-PAM polymer solution helped in reducing the dust generation by 36% after 8 h at 25°C, 32% at 35°C after 6 h, and 65% after 2 h at 45 °C. This shows that during scorching summer when the temperature is, in general, above 40°C, GG-g-PAM solution has potential for suppression of haul road dust in opencast coal mines effectively.
Mineralization-tectonic Relationship in the JbelTirremi Fluorite Mine (Taourirt Region - Eastern Morocco): Contribution of Remote Sensing for Geological Exploration
Authors: Cherai Mohammed , Marzouki Anass , Talbi Fouad
Published: September 2022

The Tirremi fluorite deposit, located in the Taourirt region (Eastern Morocco), morphologically constitutes a mainly carbonate dome of the Jurassic age, crossed by numerous dykes of lamprophyric rocks of Eocene age. The tectonic study coupled with the study of lineaments extracted from band 2 of the sentinel-2 image shows that the main directions, in terms of frequency and size, are NE-SW and E-W to ENE-WSW. The other directions, N-S and NNW-SSE, are satellite faults with respect to the potential faults; but they are economically important since they give rise to fluorite-rich veins. Similarly, analysis of fracturing (faults, tension cracks, dykes, etc.) allows us to identify the Palaeostresses of stress responsible for the structuring of the Tirremi region. These phases, classified in chronological order based on field observations, are perfectly compatible and correlatable with previous work done in the area.
Resource Management and Utilization of Lean Grade Iron Ore Resources of Karnataka, India
Authors: Swamy Kumara , Suresh N. , Sharath Kumar P.
Published: September 2022

As per the National Steel Policy 2017, more than 300 million tons of steel needs to be produced by 2030, to meet the increased demand due to the tripling of per capita consumption of steel in India. Accordingly, the local steel production from the Ballari steel hub of Sandur schist belt is expected to be raised from present 25 million tons per year to 60 million tons per year by 2030, thus necessitating 150 million tons of high grade hard lumpy/pellets for domestic Ballari steel hub alone excluding long term export commitments. Hence, a strategy for processing lean grade iron ores to augment the demand of high-grade iron ores for metallurgical applications is studied. A composite mixed Banded Hematite Quartzite (BHQ) from different ranges of Sandur schist belt, Ballari district, Karnataka, India was subjected to characterization, mineral processing and palletization studies to produce pellets Fe > 62.5 %, (SiO2+ Al2O3)2, 1.00 % Al2O3and 1.06 % LOI, comprising fine grained (<70 ?) mainly hematite [55–60%], very fine grained (<40 ?) quartz [35- 40%] and fine grained (<70 ?) minor amounts of martitized magnetite [1–5%], which are mutually intimately intermixed and intergrown, was subjected to beneficiation. The BHQ is amenable to gravity concentration by tabling reverse flotation, and WHIMS produces pellet grade concentrates. The final conventional process comprising gravity concentration, followed by magnetic separation of gravity tails and refining of magnetic fractions by reverse flotation. The final concentrate has produced assaying 64.5% Fe, 6.32% SiO2, 0.29% Al2O3 and 0.63% LOI, with 73% Fe distribution, has met the pellet grade specification. The pellets produced from beneficiated iron ore concentrate is assayed 64.10 % Fe, 6.85 % SiO2, 0.42 Al2O3%. DRI could be produced from the pellets from which steel is produced paving the way for conservation, sustenance, and sustainable development with the viability of using BHQ of the Sandur schist belt.
Study on the Regularity of Surface Collapse in Goaf using UAV Remote Sensing Technology
Authors: Geng Shihua , Zhang Wenjun , Zi Yingkun , Miao Junyi , Shen Rui
Published: September 2022

UAV remote sensing technology is used to analyze the characteristics of surface collapse and evaluate the degree of damage in the mining area, and the regularity of surface collapse in the mining area is studied. The distribution and variation characteristics of surface collapse pits and surface cracks and surface deformation characteristics are obtained from UAV images. Taking the area of collapse pits, the depth of collapse pits, the width of cracks, the drop of cracks, the density of cracks, surface subsidence and surface inclination as the evaluation factors, the fuzzy opinion centralized decision-making of the classical fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is introduced into the combined weighting method, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on AHP-CRITIC method is established. The results show that: (1) From August 2020 to June 2021, 125 surface cracks have increased; Three new collapse pits are generated, with a maximum area of about 323m2 and a maximum depth of about 21m; The surface deformation in the south of the mining area is obvious, forming a settlement funnel. (2) The severe damage degree of surface collapse is mainly distributed near the surface collapse pits, the moderate damage degree is mainly distributed in the central and southern part of the study area, and the mild and slight damage degree is mainly distributed in the periphery of the ore body.
Prediction of Peak Particle Velocity of Blast-induced Ground Vibrations using Boosted Regression Trees Authored
Authors: Sonkar Rajesh , Dhekne Prakash Y. , Londhe Narendra D.
Published: September 2022

Loosening of rockmass during its excavation in an infrastructure project is carried by rock blasting. The blast-induced ground vibrations pose a major challenge to the blasting engineers, whose main objective is to control their potential to cause any damage to the buildings in the vicinity. The research reported in this paper explains how the error in the prediction of the Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) by the United States Bureau of Mines (USBM)-based approach can be minimised using machine learning techniques. The complex correlation between the blast parameter and the PPV value has been modelled using the least square boosted decision tree approach after the selection of the best suitable feature has been selected based on the correlation matrix. The proposed model automatically maps the input blast feature (SD) with the target PPV values by aggregating the decision of various weak learners. The generalization of the proposed model has been validated through a 5-fold cross-validation approach using a dataset comprising of two hundred blast records generated by monitoring the blasts at International airport site, Navi Mumbai, India. The assessment of the prognostic ability of the proposed model demonstrates that it has outperformed the USBM-based approach for PPV prediction. The results establish that the predictions by the proposed model are closer to the measured values than the other regression models.
Non-Fuel Mineral Production under Pandemic in the US: Perception Belies Reality
Authors: Bhattacharya Jayanta
Published: September 2022

No Abstract.
Why it is Likely to be Minerals – Led Global Politics in the Future and that is not a Good Case (Part-1)
Authors: Bhattacharya Jayanta
Published: September 2022

No Abstract.
Can Ordinary Earth be Considered as a Minor Mineral without any Qualification? Is asking Royalty for ordinary earth Justified? (Part-1)
Authors: Bhattacharya Jayanta
Published: September 2022

No Abstract.
Arduino Based Automatic Irrigation Control System By Utilizing Moisture Content
Authors: Arun S. B. , Nandan K. B. , Vardhan P. Harsha , Rajath T. M.
Published: September 2022

This work is on development to an efficient and affordable watering system. An automatic plant watering system using Arduino microcontroller UNO R3 is programmed such that it interrupts the signals to the motor. Soil sensor is connected to the pin to the Arduino board which senses the moisture content present in the soil. Whenever the soil moisture content goes down, the sensor senses the humidity change and instructs the microcontroller so that pump can be activated, thus reducing water wastage. Global warming in nowadays is a serious issue. As the temperatures are rising, there is an observable change in the climatic conditions that is not usually found in the region. With the rising sea levels, many part of the world suffer with either severe famine/drought or floods. Due to this unpredictability of water resources, the farmers are un able to get good yields or may spoil the yield by watering the crops more than required. Hence, we intend to find an economical solution by developing a cost-efficient watering system that has the capability of sensing the moisture content in the soil and water them, if needed.
Taguchi Assessment On The Effects Of Heat Treatment Variable On The Hardness And Tensile Strength Of Silicon Carbide Reinforced A357 Hybrid Composites
Authors: Yathiraj K. , Naveen G. J. , Annaiah M. H.
Published: September 2022

The present study aims to develop stir cast A357 composite reinforced with triple particle size silicon carbide and graphite. Using Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array, the influence of heat treatment parameters on mechanical characteristics of A357 reinforced with triple-size silicon carbide and graphite particles was investigated. Tensile strength and hardness were the core mechanical properties investigated for the composites. Taguchi’s observational design was used to determine the effect of solutionising temperature, soaking time, ageing temperature, and ageing time on tensile strength and hardness. The homogeneous dispersion of silicon carbide particles in A357 matrix can be observed using an optical microscope. The results showed solutionising temperature has the most favourable effect for both tensile strength and hardness followed by ageing time, soaking time, and ageing temperature.
Taguchi Predictions On Wear And Heat Treatment Of A357 Based Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Yathiraj K. , Naveen G. J. , Annaiah M. H.
Published: September 2022

A large range of engineering applications can be suited to hybrid metal matrix composites because of their improved mechanical properties, making them superior to conventional materials. Hybrid composites are widely used in the automotive and aerospace industries because they feature excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high strength, and low density. This paper demonstrates how to use the stir casting method to create a hybrid composite. The current focus of research is on the fabrication of composites using triple particle silicon carbide (5% weight) and graphite (1.5% weight) as the reinforcements and A357 as the matrix. Wear analysis of the composite materials was conducted following the Taguchi L18 method. To obtain insight into how control factors and heat treatment parameters affect the wear rate of composites, the prescribed number of experiments was carried out. Using ANOVA, major influencing factor for the wear rate accomplished was the sliding distance of all the developed hybrid composites.
Effect Of Electric Field Modulation On Electroconvection In A Dielectric Fluid-Saturated Porous Medium
Authors: Rudresha C. , Balaji C. , Vidya Shree V. , Maruthamanikandan S.
Published: September 2022

The stability of a horizontal sparsely packed porous layer of a dielectric fluid heated from below is examined when the fluid layer is subjected to time-dependent electric field modulation. The dielectric constant is assumed to be a linear function of temperature. The regular perturbation method is used to find the critical Rayleigh number and the corresponding wavenumber for small amplitude electric field modulation. The stability of the system characterized by a correction Rayleigh number is computed as a function of thermal, electric, and porous parameters, and the frequency of electric field modulation. It is found that the onset of electro-convection can be delayed or advanced by the presence of these parameters. The effect of various parameters is found to be significant for moderate values of the frequency of electric field modulation. Some of the known results are recovered as special cases of the present study. The findings of the present study have possible implications in the control of electro-convection with a time-varying electric field.
Optimization Of Machining Parameters In Machining Nimonic C-263 By WEDM Process
Authors: Satish K. , Srinivasan V. R. , Prakash C. P. S.
Published: September 2022

This paper discusses an experimental work carried out to optimize the machining parameters in machining Nimonic C263 by WEDM. Nimonic 263 is used as the workpiece material. Machining is performed with CNC wire cut electric discharge machine. Deionized water is used as dielectric fluid and molybdenum wire of diameter 0.18mm is used as the wire electrode material. Input parameters considered in this project work are pulse ON time (tonne), pulse OFF time (Toff), peak current (Ip) and voltage (V). Cycle time is considered as the output parameter. Robust design study is carried out to perform design of experiments from identifying the main factors, their levels and noise factors to predict the performance under these levels. 27 machined pieces are performed based on different set of levels for different factors. DK 7735 machine is used to perform machining process. After calculating the time, results are fed into the MINITAB 17 software to obtain optimized combination of levels of different factors from Taguchi’s analysis and signal to noise ratio response table. ANOVA table is used to calculate the influence of each input parameters on output results. To validate the simulation, the predicted results are compared to experimental results. Optimum combinations of levels are substituted in the mathematical equation in order to obtain the predicted result.
Effect of Time-Dependent Sinusoidal Boundary Temperatures on the Onset Of Ferroconvection in a Porous Medium
Authors: Thomas Nisha Mary , Mathew Soya , Maruthamanikandan S.
Published: September 2022

The effect of temperature modulation on the onset of Darcy ferroconvection in a horizontal porous layer heated from below is investigated. The analysis is based on the assumption that the amplitude of the temperature modulation is small enough compared with the imposed steady temperature difference. The effect of the oscillating temperature field is treated by a perturbation expansion in powers of the amplitude of the applied field. The effect of magnetic parameters, Vadasz number and temperature modulation in the cases of symmetric, asymmetric and bottom wall modulation, were discussed. The study divulges that subcritical motion exists for symmetric temperature modulation for low frequency. In the case of asymmetric and bottom wall modulation only supercritical motion exists.
Microstructural Characterization, Mechanical And Wear Behaviour Of Al2024-B4C Composites For Aerospace Applications
Authors: Akanksh V. N. , Hegde Pranav , Siddharth S. , Manjunath A. B. , Siddaraju C. , Nagaral Madeva
Published: September 2022

Metal matrix composite plays an important role in automobile and aerospace applications. Among all the metals, aluminium is considered as the lighter metal. In present investigation aluminium-2024 is considered as the base alloy and reinforced with boron carbide to increase its hardness. Aluminium metal matrix composite is obtained by combining different percentage of boron carbide particulates in the volume fraction 2.5 wt.% and 5 wt.%. Synthesis is done by stir casting technique and the characterization is carried out using scanning electron microscope. The properties of Al2024 reinforced with boron carbide is evaluated by using tensometer, pin on disc wear testing machine and vickers hardness tester. With the increase in the reinforcement high hardness, tensile strength and higher wear resistance is achieved. These types of MMCs are widely used in automobile and aerospace applications due to their great mechanical behaviours, low density, low factor of thermal expansion; corrosion resistance is better and increased wear resistance as compared to conventional metals and alloys. Improved mechanical property of these composites makes them very useful for various applications in many areas from technological point of view.
Fatigue Studies On Aluminum 6061/SiC Reinforcement Metal Matrix Composites
Authors: Humnabad Prashant S. , Hanamantraygouda M. B. , Halesh S. B.
Published: September 2022

Fatigue is a process of progressive localized plastic deformation occurring in a material subjected to cyclic stresses and strains at high stress concentration locations that may culminate in cracks or complete fracture after a sufficient number of fluctuations. Fatigue testing is carried out using the ASTM D3479 with a notch or crack for investigating the initiation of crack. Several fatigue tests were conducted in tension-tension and/or tensioncompression loading at a frequency of 10Hz or sinusoidal wave’s frequency of 5Hz, and at constant-amplitude. The fatigue tests were interrupted by the researchers at regular intervals after a predetermined number of cycles to monitor crack advance and to observe the failure modes by various ways such as visual observation, digital camera, traveling microscope, CCD camera, etc.
METODOLOGIAS QUE UTILIZAM AGENTES COMPLEXANTES PARA A REMOÇÃO DE ÍONS FERRO EM MATRIZ AQUOSA: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Richeski Sucris Beatriz , Moraes Sandra Regina de
Published: September 2022

Este estudo analisa as metodologias que utilizam agentes complexantes para a remoção de ferro (Fe) em água. Para tal, uma revisão sistemática foi realizada a partir da busca e seleção de artigos em bases de dados entre 2016 a2021. Adotados critérios ao método, foram encontrados três trabalhos que apontam o método de precipitação química como o mais usual na remoção de Fe em água. Uma variabilidade nas condições operacionais é aplicada e NH4OH, Orto-Poli-P e complexantes comerciais como sendo os agentes complexantes de maior potencialidade na remoção de Fe em estação de tratamento de água (ETA), com elevada eficiência. Conclui-se que as limitações observadas nas metodologias podem comprometer a eficiência do processo e, que há a necessidade de se ampliar as pesquisas experimental e documental nos campos da aplicação de agentes complexantes para a remoção de Fe em água.
Pathology, Classification, Clinical Manifestations and Prognosis of Langerhan’s Cell Histiocytosis: A Single Center Experience
Authors: HASBAY Bermal , KOÇER Emrah , KAYASELÇUK Fazilet , CANPOLAT Tuba , BUYUKKURT Nurhilal , ERBAY Ayşe
Published: September 2022

Objective: The aim of the study is to raise awareness about clinical features,

histopathological and radiological analyzes and treatment details of this rare

disease.

Methods: A total of 55 Langerhans cell histiocytosis patients, diagnosed

between the years 2006 and October 2020 in our department were included in the

study. The patients were evaluated in terms of age, gender, tumor localization,

risk groups, treatment modalities, recurrence, and disease outcome.

Results: Twenty-three out of 55 patients were children and 32 were adults. The

ages of the patients were between 7 months and 72 years. Thirty-seven of the

cases were male and 18 were female. The most common clinical complaint in

both groups was pain and swelling. The duration between the onset of the patient

complaints and admission to the hospital varies between 7 days-12 months in

children, and 10 days-23 years in adults. Forty-three of the cases had single-organ

involvement and 12 had multiorgan involvement. The most frequently affected

organ in both groups was bone. Forty of the 55 patients had follow-up data and

the treatment modalities are as follows: Nine patients radiotherapy, 8 patients

chemotherapy+steroid, 7 patients chemotherapy, 2 patients

chemotherapy+radiotherapy+steroid, 1 patient steroid, and 2 patients

chemotherapy+radiotherapy. Eleven patients were followed up without

additional treatment after surgery. Median follow-up from the time of biopsy

was 45.9 months in children and 41.9 months in adults.

Conclusions: As a result, diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicion and final

diagnosis is based on the histological examination of the lesions and biopsies
Conceptual Approaches Regarding the Added Value of Physical Education in the Integrated Teaching Process
Authors: Macovei Raluca-Andreea , Popescu Veronica
Published: September 2022

The current time requires a permanent extension of the educational perspective by adapting contents according to the needs and interests of students in order to offer them a multilateral development with diversified skills and abilities, thus helping them to promptly respond to the requirements of the future and ensuring both school and personal success. Through the method of literature review analysis, we aim to argue, from a theoretical point of view, the importance and need for an interdisciplinary approach to physical education during the process of integrated education. We consider it necessary to facilitate the development of a global student by integrating the learning content with an emphasis on physical education in order to develop key competencies that will ensure the qualitative acquisition of information with multiple possibilities for transferring, adapting, and resolving situations required by the current knowledge society. The contributions to the educational area through physical activities implemented in integrated teaching projects aim to improve school progress and social integration, develop a positive attitude towards the educational process and provide creative, effective methods and strategies for organizing the learning content. The topic of this study is focused on both highlighting some models and good practices used by the discipline of physical education in the integrated teaching process as well as their impact on the development of primary school students and providing future directions for the implementation and evaluation of the research-based integrated physical activity.
Investigation of Benzene Vapors Adsorption by Activated Carbons AR-A, AR-B and Baojun Activated Carbon’s Coals
Authors: Kasatkin E.M. , Akhmedova L.S. , Markova E.B. , Boldyrev V.S. , Averina Yu.M. , Cherednichenko A.G.
Published: September 2022

We presented the results of a study of the adsorption capacity of domestic activated carbon grades AR-A and AR-B, and a coal from Baojun Activated Carbon (China) with respect to benzene vapor. All used adsorbents are designed to purify air from vapors of volatile organic compounds, but differ in production technology and physicochemical characteristics. It has been established that the efficiency of Baojun Activated Carbon’s activated carbon in the adsorption of benzene vapor is higher than that of domestic samples of AR-A and AR-B grades. At the same time, among foreign-made coal, the most effective sample was Baojun 4.0/90, which has a high adsorption capacity, declared in relation to carbon tetrachloride vapor. It has been experimentally shown that in all cases the kinetics of the adsorption process is well described by the Ho and MacKay pseudo-second order equation. Similar results were obtained using the Morris --- Weber model, which takes into account the role of diffusion processes in the adsorption of benzene vapor by activated carbons. The use of the Lagergren equation and the simplified Elovich model for processing experimental data showed less significant results
Reduction of Band Matrices in Large Dynamic Systems Controllability and Observability
Authors: Zubov N.E. , Ryabchenko V.N.
Published: September 2022

An approach is proposed for linear stationary dynamical system with controllability and observability band matrices making it possible to simplify procedures for evaluating controllability and observability of this system. The obtained results are based on the fact that the controllability and observability criteria of a dynamic system are equivalent due to their required and sufficient properties; therefore, any transformations of one criterion not violating the conditions of necessity and sufficiency could be reduced to transformations in a sense equivalent to the initial transformations. The Popov --- Belevich --- Hautus transformations of the controllability and observability criteria were taken as a basis, and then results of such transformations were correctly extended to the band criteria. It was proved that the controllability and observability analysis of a linear stationary system with a large number of the state dimensions was reduced to studying the matrices rank of a much smaller size. The proposed approach is based on the existence condition for a numerical matrix of a certain rank of the nondegenerate matrices that satisfy certain transformations. The corresponding controllability and observability theorems for the stationary dynamical systems were provided. It was shown that for systems with one input and one output, the controllability and observability analysis was reduced to the analysis of scalars
Investigating Long-Term Electric Current Fluctuations in Electrolytic Cells and Tunnel Diodes
Authors: Golyak Il.S. , Morozov A.N. , Strokov M.A.
Published: September 2022

The paper presents long-term measurement results concerning the Kullback --- Leibler divergence variations for electric current fluctuations in electrolytic cells and relative dispersion variations for electric current fluctuations in tunnel diodes. It is possible to transition from investigating current fluctuations in electrolytic cells to measuring similar fluctuations in tunnel diodes due to the charge carrier mass in diodes being considerably lower than masses of electrolyte ions. This decrease in mass leads to an increase in the sensitivity of the experimental installation. We found that the magnitude spectrum of Kullback --- Leibler divergence variations has a maximum corresponding to a period of 25.25 days (606 h). As for the magnitude spectrum of relative dispersion variations, its maximum is observed at the signal period of 25.88 days (621 h). These periods are close to the sidereal period of the Sun, that is, 25.38 days (609 h). We propose to use tunnel diodes with high peak current values and high direct forward voltage applied in order to increase the sensitivity of the experimental installation