bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First-principles investigations on magnesium oxynitride for electronic, thermoelectric, and optical applications
Authors: Sanam Ms. , Shah Zaheer Hussain , Ullah Farman , Khalil Maria , Ramay Shahid M. , Saleem Murtaza
Published: May 2024

This study provides a thorough analysis of magnesium oxynitride (MgON), employing first-principles calculations to investigate its potential for electronic, thermoelectric, and optical applications. The main objective was to comprehend the fundamental electronic, thermoelectric, and optical parameters of MgON using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In electronic properties, the density of states (DOS) spectra revealed the significant contribution of Mg-s and O-p states for pristine MgO, while N-p states provide the maximum contributions with overlapping at the Fermi level in nitrogen-containing compositions. The band structure depicted a direct nature for undoped and doped MgO, and the bandgap of compositions was observed to decrease with the increment in nitrogen concentration. The thermoelectric properties of pure and N-doped MgO compositions were evaluated, which showed significant variations with an increase in temperature and doping. Furthermore, the optical properties of MgON were inspected and found to enhance optical conductivity, and absorption coefficient, whereas the refractive index and dielectric constant decrease at specific energy regions for elevated dopant content, which suggests its suitability for optoelectronic applications. Overall, this study reveals the versatility of MgON, making it a potential candidate for advanced electronic, thermoelectric, and optical applications.
Dual-Pathway Deep Hashing-Based Adversarial Learning for Cross-Modal Retrieval
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Chen Yueyang , Li Tao , Pei Lishen
Published: May 2024

The application of deep hashing methods for cross-modal retrieval has seen growing interest due to their storage efficiency and fast query execution. However, the challenge posed by the “heterogeneity gap” in multi-modal datasets cannot be understated. To address this, we present a novel framework named Dual-Pathway Deep Hashing-Based Adversarial Learning (DP-DHAL), engineered to surmount this challenge. The architecture of DP-DHAL integrates three key components: (a) a dual-pathway representation learning module tasked with extracting modality-specific features; (b) an adversarial module working to align the distributions of cross-modal features; and (c) a deep hashing module responsible for generating hash codes that uphold the similarity relationships across different modalities. Additionally, we have developed a unique Hamming triplet-margin loss function to refine the assessment of content similarities. The DP-DHAL model is trained through an adversarial process where the adversarial module’s goal is to discern cross-modal features with the aim of reducing the heterogeneity gap. Simultaneously, the representation learning module is focused on producing representations that can both deceive the adversarial module and preserve cross-modal similarities to yield distinctive hash codes. Comprehensive experiments on varied datasets have shown that our proposed method outperforms other leading cross-modal hashing techniques.
PSO Based Constraint Optimization of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Shortest Path Problem in an Undirected Network
Authors: Dudeja Chanchal
Published: May 2024

Shortest Path Problem (SPP) is mainly used in network optimization; also, it has a wide range of applications such as routing, scheduling, communication and transportation. The main objective of this work is to find the shortest path between two specified nodes by satisfying certain constraints. This modified version of SP is called Constraint Shortest Path (CSP), which establishes a certain limit on selected constraints for the path. The limit for constraint values is precisely specified in traditional CSP problems. But, the precise data may vary due to environmental conditions, traffic and payload. To resolve this, the proposed CSP uses intuitionistic fuzzy numbers to deal with imprecise data. Also, finding an optimal solution in the complex search space of an undirected network is difficult. Hence, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used in the proposed work to obtain the optimal global solution within feasible regions. A numerical example and the implementation of the proposed work in Matlab 2016a working environment are also illustrated. The simulation analysis shows that the proposed PSO algorithm takes 1.8[Formula: see text]s to find the CSP in a specified undirected network graph, which is comparatively lower than the existing Genetic Algorithm (2.4[Formula: see text]s) and without optimization (5.6[Formula: see text]s).
OPTIMAL CLIMATE POLICY WITH NEGATIVE EMISSIONS
Authors: REBONATO RICCARDO , KAINTH DHERMINDER , MELIN LIONEL , O’KANE DOMINIC
Published: May 2024

We can limit the future temperature impact of climate change in two ways: (i) reducing our use of CO2 emitting fuels as an energy source (abatement), and (ii) using negative emission technologies (NETs) to remove existing CO2 from the atmosphere (removal). Using a modification of the DICE model, we analyze the optimal use of these two policy responses to climate change. After calibrating the marginal costs of abatement and CO2 removal to the latest scientific information, we find that carbon removal must play a very large role in an optimal policy. If this policy is followed, we find that the Paris-Agreement 1.5–2∘C warming by 2100 target is not just aspirational, but optimal. When an important role is played by NETs to control global warming, the decrease in carbon emissions can be more gradual, reducing transition risk and social dislocations. We examine the impact on the economy of large-scale carbon removal programs, the potential for moral hazard and the logistical problems associated with the storage of the removed carbon.
Local linear estimator for fractional diffusions
Authors: Han Yuecai , Zhang Dingwen
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we investigate the nonparametric local linear estimator for the drift function of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) driven by fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter [Formula: see text]. The drift function is one-sided dissipative Lipschitz that ensures the ergodic property of the SDE. We derive the strong consistency of the proposed estimator with proper bandwidth selectors associated with the determined Hurst parameter [Formula: see text]. The main tools are the ergodic theorem, Malliavin calculus, and a maximum inequality for It[Formula: see text]–Skorohod integrals.
Student Psychology Teaching Learning Optimisation-Based Deep Long Short-Term Memory for Predicting Student Performance
Authors: Sharada K.
Published: May 2024

Knowledge Tracing (KT) represents an analysis of the state in terms of knowledge among students to predict if the student can answer a problem based on test results. Generally, a human teacher tracks the knowledge of students and customises the teaching based on the needs of the students. Nowadays, the rise of online education platforms leads to the development of machines for tracking the knowledge of students and improving their learning experience. The accuracy of the classical KT techniques needs to be improved. Thus, this paper implemented the Student Psychology Teaching Learning Optimisation-based Deep Long Short-Term Memory (SPTLO-based DLSTM) for predicting student performance. Here, [Formula: see text] -score normalisation is adapted for performing normalisation of data to make the data value rely on a specific range. Furthermore, the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) is engaged to augment data to make data apt for enhanced handling. The Deep Maxout Network (DMN) with Ruzicka similarity is considered for feature fusion. The integration of deep KT to predict student performance is executed with Deep Long Short-Term Memory (DLSTM), which is trained to employ SPTLO. The SPTLO is generated by unifying Student Psychology Based Optimisation (SPBO) and Teaching-Learning-Based Optimisation (TLBO). Here, SPTLO-based DLSTM presented supreme accuracy of 92.5%, Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.064 and Root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.312.
Dielectric Boundary Force for the Minimization of the Mean-Field Electrostatic Free-Energy Functional Including the Ionic Size Effect
Authors: Zhang Zhengfang , Zhang Qingxia , Li Chan , Chen Weifeng
Published: May 2024

The generalized Poisson–Boltzmann equation with the uniform ionic size is investigated. In mean-field theory, the ionic size effect is added by modifying the entropy effect of solvent molecules in the electrostatic free-energy functional of ion concentrations. Taking minimization of the mean-field electrostatic free-energy functional including the ionic size effect with respect to the ion concentrations, the minimum free-energy is obtained (see (4.6) in Li [(2009a) “Continuum electrostatics for ionic solutions with non-uniform ionic sizes,” Nonlinearity 22(4), 811–833]. Maximizing the minimum free-energy with respect to the electrostatic potential determines the generalized Poisson–Boltzmann equation. By the definition of shape derivative, the first variation of this minimum free-energy with respect to variation of the dielectric boundary is derived. Thus, the dielectric boundary force of an ionic solution with multiple ionic species with the uniform ionic size is obtained.
The threshold and density function analysis of a stochastic SIVS model with saturation incidence
Authors: Zhou Lidong , Han Qixing
Published: May 2024

Mathematical model is the main tool to study the dynamics of infectious diseases, which has played an important role in controlling the spread of infectious diseases. We consider a stochastic SIVS model with saturation incidence in this paper. First of all, we establish the threshold [Formula: see text] for extinction and persistence for the stochastic epidemic model. Additionally, we give the specific expression of the probability density function of the stochastic model near the unique endemic quasi-equilibrium by solving the Fokker–Planck equation. In the end, the supporting theoretical results are verified by numerical simulation.
Metadata Integration for Spam Reviews Detection on Vietnamese E-Commerce Websites
Authors: Van Dinh Co , Luu Son T.
Published: May 2024

The problem of detecting spam reviews (opinions) has received significant attention in recent years, especially with the rapid development of e-commerce. Spam reviews are often classified based on comment content, but in some cases, it is insufficient for models to accurately determine the review label. In this work, we introduce the ViSpamReviews v2 dataset, which includes metadata of reviews with the objective of integrating supplementary attributes for spam review classification. We propose a novel approach to simultaneously integrate both textual and categorical attributes into the classification model. In our experiments, the product category proved effective when combined with deep neural network (DNN) models, while text features performed well on both DNN models and the model achieved state-of-the-art performance in the problem of detecting spam reviews on Vietnamese e-commerce websites, namely PhoBERT. Specifically, the PhoBERT model achieves the highest accuracy when combined with product description features generated from the SPhoBert model, which is the combination of PhoBERT and SentenceBERT. Using the macro-averaged F1 score, the task of classifying spam reviews achieved 87.22% (an increase of 1.64% compared to the baseline), while the task of identifying the type of spam reviews achieved an accuracy of 73.49% (an increase of 1.93% compared to the baseline).
Significance of the Paleocene olistostrome–turbidite belt (Abant Formation) along the Intra-Pontide Suture, northern Turkey
Authors: Okay Aral I. , Altıner Demir , Özcan Ercan , Hakyemez Aynur
Published: May 2024

A belt of Paleocene turbidites with olistostromes, the Abant Formation, crops out for 350 km along the Intra-Pontide Suture in northern Turkey. The suture constitutes the contact between two major Pontide tectonic units, the Istanbul and Sakarya zones, and the Abant Formation was used as evidence for the Paleocene–early Eocene closure of the Intra-Pontide ocean. We mapped and studied the Abant Formation along the Intra-Pontide Suture. The Abant Formation consists of deformed Paleocene siliciclastic turbidites with mass flows. The blocks in the olistostromes are mainly Late Cretaceous pelagic limestones; there are also Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous, Late Cretaceous and Paleocene shallow-marine limestone blocks. Other rare block types include late Neoproterozoic and Permian granites, basalt, chert and serpentinite. The ophiolitic blocks make up less than 5% of the Abant Formation. Most of the blocks were derived from the south, from the Sakarya Zone; detrital zircon ages from the turbidite sandstones also indicate a predominantly southern source. The Abant Formation was deposited in a foreland basin, which was formed during the Paleocene collision between the Pontides and the Anatolide–Tauride Block. The basin was preferentially located on the Intra-Pontide Suture because the suture constituted an old crustal lineament.
Facile Preparation of Fe-Co-Ni-Mo-W High Entropy Alloy Coatings from An Aqueous Bath by Direct Current Electrodeposition: Microstructure and Performance
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Zhong Yiwei , Yu Yu , Wang Mingyong , Guo Zhancheng
Published: May 2024

High-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings have been widely investigated because they can significantly improve the surface properties of the substrate. Electrodeposition of HEA coatings in an aqueous bath was considered a promising method. In this study, the Fe-Co-Ni-Mo-W HEA coatings were prepared by aqueous electrodeposition. The effects of the current density on the chemical composition and the physical performance of the HEA coatings were investigated. The results showed that the content of Ni, Mo, and W increased, while the content of Fe decreased as the current density increased from 20 to 80 mA cm−2. The coating deposited at 40 mA cm−2 possessed the best mechanical properties. The microhardness and the wear rate were 4.52 Gpa and 2.05 × 10−5 mm3 N·m, respectively. The electrochemical test showed that the corrosion resistance of HEA coatings increased with the decrease of current density. All the physical properties of the HEA coatings were superior to 304 stainless steel, suggesting a considerable application potential.
Guidelines for in vivo models of developmental programming of cardiovascular disease risk
Authors: Warrington Junie P. , Collins Helen E. , Davidge Sandra T. , do Carmo Jussara M. , Goulopoulou Styliani , Intapad Suttira , Loria Analia S. , Sones Jenny L. , Wold Loren E. , Zinkhan Erin K. , Alexander Barbara T.
Published: May 2024

Research using animals depends on the generation of offspring for use in experiments or for the maintenance of animal colonies. Although not considered by all, several different factors preceding and during pregnancy, as well as during lactation, can program various characteristics in the offspring. Here, we present the most common models of developmental programming of cardiovascular outcomes, important considerations for study design, and provide guidelines for producing and reporting rigorous and reproducible cardiovascular studies in offspring exposed to normal conditions or developmental insult. These guidelines provide considerations for the selection of the appropriate animal model and factors that should be reported to increase rigor and reproducibility while ensuring transparent reporting of methods and results.
Effects of nitric oxide inhalation on pulmonary arterial impedance: differences between normal and pulmonary hypertension male rats
Authors: Fukumitsu Masafumi , Kawada Toru , Nishikawa Takuya , Yokota Shohei , Matsushita Hiroki , Morita Hidetaka , Sato Kei , Yoshida Yuki , Uemura Kazunori , Saku Keita
Published: May 2024

Nitric oxide inhalation decreased pulmonary arterial impedance in the low-frequency range (<10 Hz) with little impact on the high-frequency range. It reduced peripheral pulmonary resistance more pronouncedly in pulmonary hypertension rats, whereas it increased arterial compliance and transmission time in control rats. Its effect on the mechanics of the pulmonary arteries may differ depending on the pathological status.
S100A1’s single cysteine is an indispensable redox switch for the protection against diastolic calcium waves in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Seitz Andreas , Busch Martin , Kroemer Jasmin , Schneider Andrea , Simon Stephanie , Jungmann Andreas , Katus Hugo A. , Most Patrick , Ritterhoff Julia
Published: May 2024

S100A1 is an emerging candidate for future gene-therapy treatment of human chronic heart failure. We aimed to study the significance of the conserved single-cysteine 85 (C85) residue in cardiomyocytes. We show that S100A1 is endogenously glutathionylated in the heart and demonstrate that this is dispensable to increase systolic Ca2+ transients, but indispensable for mediating S100A1’s protection against sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ waves, which was dependent on the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) nitrosylation status.
Early- to mid-gestational testosterone excess leads to adverse cardiac outcomes in postpartum sheep
Authors: Alkhatib Bashar , Ciarelli Joseph , Ghnenis Adel , Pallas Brooke , Olivier Nicholas , Padmanabhan Vasantha , Vyas Arpita Kalla
Published: May 2024

Using a sheep model of human translational relevance, this study provides evidence that excess gestational testosterone exposure such as that seen in hyperandrogenic disorders adversely impacts postpartum maternal hearts.
Dynamically Signal Timing Optimization of Isolated Intersection Traffic Lights Based on a Dual‐Layer Framework
Authors: Shao Junqi , Zhang Ke , Wang Anyou , Li Shen
Published: May 2024

Intersections are vital components of urban road traffic management, frequently facing persistent congestion challenges. Existing studies rarely combine multiobjective optimization with dynamic adjustment methods. This study introduces an innovative dual‐layer framework for traffic signal optimization. The first layer involves multiobjective optimization, addressing critical performance metrics such as delay, the number of stops, and fuel consumption. In the second layer, we propose a method that uses a fuzzy neural network to learn the correspondence between queue lengths and signal timings. This two‐tiered approach enables real‐time adjustments, achieving dynamic signal optimization. Applying this framework with real traffic flow data to a specific road intersection allows us to determine optimal signal timings dynamically. Extensive simulations using the SUMO software validate the efficacy of our approach in enhancing intersection performance. The timing strategy implemented within this framework leads to a substantial reduction in delay, ranging from 11.1% to 29.0%. The dual‐layer framework presented in this study contributes valuable theoretical insights into future research initiatives in this domain.
Measurement of High-Power Microwave Impulse Response Characteristics of Reflector Materials
Authors: Hu Xianggang , Su Jiancang , Zhang Mingtao , Gong Jingang , Cheng Kewei , Liu Jia , Zhang Jiande , Zhu Xiaoxin , Li Rui , Cheng Jie , Wu Shaotong
Published: May 2024

High-power microwave (HPM) antenna, one of the key subsystems in the HPM system, is used for HPM radiation. Its performance is partly determined by the impulse responses of reflector materials under HPM. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the impulse response characteristics of reflector materials under HPM. Instead of the traditional waveguide cavity, this study was based on the double elliptical reflector system with an open boundary. By using this system, the impulse response of reflector materials was measured, and the response of reflector materials of multiple types under various environments with different electric field strengths and pulse widths was tested. In terms of breakdown, reflection efficiency, and pulse waveform, aluminum and carbon fiber test plates were affected by HPM and compared. Finally, the impulse response characteristics of carbon fiber test plates were summarized. The proposed method applied in this research is universal, matches the practical application environment, and can be extensively employed in the impulse response research and test of reflector materials.
Clinical Indicators of the Nursing Diagnosis Caregiver Role Strain: A Systematic Review of Accuracy
Authors: Borges Bárbara Ebilizarda Coutinho , Lucena Milena Tao Medeiros , Dantas Ana Clara , Carvalho Leandro Melo de , Silva Carlos Jordão de Assis , Araújo Jéssica Naiara de Medeiros , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Vitor Allyne Fortes
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Increased life expectancy leads to consequent long-term care needs, where informal caregivers may experience overload and strain associated with caregiving, influencing the well-being and health of individuals and eventually leading to an effort to fulfill their role. Within this context, a condition called caregiver role strain has been identified. Objective. To investigate the clinical indicators of the nursing diagnosis caregiver role strain as described in the literature. Materials and Methods. This study is a systematic review of diagnostic accuracy conducted in October 2023, following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The review protocol was registered and approved in the Prospective International Register of Systematic Reviews under registration number CRD42022377411. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias and quality of the studies. The databases included SciVerse Scopus (Elsevier), MEDLINE/PubMed (via National Library of Medicine), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), CINAHL with Full Text (EBSCO), and PsycINFO (APA), with 48 articles included for quantitative synthesis. Results. Fourteen defining characteristics were identified from the literature, with a predominance of the following indicators: depressive symptoms (45.8%), anxiety (41.6%), physical decline (31.2%), fatigue (22.9%), disturbed sleep pattern (20.8%), emotional disturbance, and irritability (16.6%). The findings suggest that, within the defined circumstances and limitations of the study, examining defining characteristics for the diagnosis caregiver role strain holds potential for advancing scientific knowledge regarding human responses to the challenges experienced by caregivers. Evidence for Practice. The study aligns with clinically relevant indicators crucial for refining and updating the diagnosis, thereby enhancing its level of evidence and clinical accuracy. Simultaneously, it supports addressing the gap in caregiver support and standardized nursing care plans.
BVP with a Load in the Form of a Fractional Integral
Authors: Kosmakova Minzilya , Akhmanova Danna , Izhanova Kamila
Published: May 2024

A boundary value problem for a nonhomogeneous heat equation with a load in the form of a fractional Riemann–Liouville integral of an order β∈0,1 is considered. By inverting the differential part, the problem is reduced to an integral equation with a kernel with a special function. The special function is presented as a generalized hypergeometric function. The limiting cases of the order β of the fractional derivative are studied: it is shown that the interval for changing the order of the fractional derivative can be expanded to integer values β∈0,1. The results of the study remain unchanged. The kernel of the integral equation is estimated. Conditions for the solvability of the integral equation are obtained.
Mapping African Swine Fever and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreaks along the Demilitarized Zone in the Korean Peninsula
Authors: Im Changmin , Curtis Andrew , Song Daesub , Kim Oh Seok
Published: May 2024

The Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) is one of the world’s most preserved habitats for wild animals and migratory birds. The area also plays a major role in the spread of infectious animal diseases, in particular, African swine fever (ASF) and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). These outbreaks threaten the livelihood of local livestock farms, not infrequently. In this paper, we explore these relatively under‐researched diseases by modeling and mapping ASF and HPAI risks in tandem using MaxEnt, a machine‐learning algorithm. The results show robust predictive power with high area under the curve values, of 0.92 and 0.99, respectively. We found that precipitation from spring to early summer and solar radiation in winter were essential in explaining the potential distribution of ASF, but land use contributed little. Thus, understanding only wild boars’ habitat preferences may not be sufficient in preventing ASF epidemics. HPAI risks were shaped by precipitation and mean temperature from winter to spring and land use. Areas with high ASF and HPAI risks were primarily found in forest and agricultural lands, respectively. The DMZ included many high‐risk areas, indicating that the DMZ could lead to a broader regional spread of ASF and HPAI in the peninsula. Thus, our results highlight the essential role of cross‐border collaboration and the combination of environmental and epidemiological insights in strategies to control ASF and HPAI risks within and surrounding the DMZ.
Flower Recognition Algorithm Based on Nonlinear Regression of Pixel Value
Authors: Huang Xionghua , Zeng Tiaojun , Li MinSong , Pan Yunfei
Published: May 2024

An automated flower thinning system, when combined with machine vision, has the potential to reduce the labor force, improve efficiency, and lower costs. This combination represents the future of agricultural machinery development. The primary objective of automatic flower thinning is to determine the flowering density of fruit trees under natural light conditions. In this study, we introduce a flower recognition algorithm that uses pixel values as an independent variable to recognize flower categories by constructing a nonlinear regression model. Initially, the RGB pixel values of elements in the training set are extracted. Similar pixel values are clustered together to reduce the amount of computation, and representative elements are selected to construct a nonlinear classification function, known as the regression function. The coefficients in the classifier are determined by transforming the problem into an unconstrained optimization problem using the least square method. The optimal solution is then found as the coefficient value in the classifier. The classification function calculates the function value of the RGB pixel value for each input entity to determine whether it belongs to the flower entity. Finally, the developed algorithm is used to classify the flower graphic elements of the measured pictures, and the efficiency of the algorithm is verified.
Research on Modeling and Motion Optimization for an Underactuated Bionic Scorpion Robot Arm
Authors: Cao Ning , Liu Jinsheng , Shen Feiling , Pei Xuming , Liu Yupu , Li Hengyu
Published: May 2024

Flexible screen possessing a high-contrast ratio to accomplish high-definition display can be attributed to the accuracy of polarizer assembly. Different from the existing polarizer attached onto a flexible screen, resulting in low-accuracy and nonalignment attaching behaviors, a unique approach of underactuated bionic scorpion robot arms can be developed to explore the stable capture and accurate alignment motion operations. Overall structure design and D–H kinematic simulation of bionic scorpion robot arm can be conducted to analyze virtual three-key typical motions. Motion optimization of structural parameters and corresponding motion workspaces verification can be adopted to evaluate motion range and ability. Experiments can be utilized to verify the rationality of theoretical modeling and optimization simulation of bionic scorpion robot arm. Experimental results illustrate that it is evident to demonstrate that the motion behaviors of bionic scorpion robot arm can be verified to be consistent with three key states of virtual theoretical motions. The key joints possessing minor errors may also be utilized to illustrate the relatively excellent dynamic motions existing in bionic scorpion robot arm. Further, advancing the stable motion behaviors of bionic scorpion robot arm may solve the problems of low-accuracy and misalignment polarizer attachments.
Intraperitoneal Nivolumab after Debulking Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Advanced Ovarian Cancer: A Phase I Study with Expansion Cohort
Authors: Corbaux Pauline , Freyer Gilles , Glehen Olivier , You Benoît , Bakrin Naoual , Gelot Audrey , Dayde David , Sajous Christophe , Piffoux Max , Péron Julien , Lescuyer Gaelle , Payen Lea , Kepenekian Vahan
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are expected to be synergistic with intraperitoneal (IP) immunotherapy by increasing tumor antigen expression and mutational load. We assessed the feasibility and safety of IP nivolumab following complete CRS and HIPEC in pretreated patients with recurrent ovarian cancer (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03959761).

Patients and Methods:

Patients received IP nivolumab (0.5, 1, or 3 mg/kg) using a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design, starting 5 to 7 days after CRS and HIPEC. Four IP Q2W (once every 2 weeks) nivolumab infusions were planned. The primary objective was to demonstrate the feasibility of IP nivolumab based on dose-limiting toxicity. Secondary objectives were to assess changes in tolerance of CRS and HIPEC.

Results:

A total of 17 patients were enrolled including 10 patients in the dose escalation and 7 patients in the expansion phase. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed at any dose level in the 9 evaluable patients. Six of the 17 patients (35%) did not complete all planned infusions: 4 (23.5%) due to peritoneal catheter complications and 2 (11.8%) due to early progression. No procedure-related deaths occurred. Eleven patients (65%) experienced serious adverse events (SAE), mainly transitory grade 3 to 4 transaminase elevations (6/11) and surgery-related (9/11). Four SAEs were related to the peritoneal catheter and two to HIPEC. No SAEs/grade 3 to 4 adverse events related to IP nivolumab occurred.

Conclusions:

This is the first study demonstrating the feasibility of IP nivolumab in patients with relapsed advanced ovarian cancer. Further investigation at 3 mg/kg is warranted.
Multiyear Clinical Outcomes of Cancers Diagnosed Following Detection by a Blood-Based Multicancer Early Detection Test
Authors: Buchanan Adam H. , Lennon Anne M. , Choudhry Omair A. , Elias Paul Z. , Rego Seema P. , Sadler Jennifer R. , Roberta Julia , Zhang Yongqiang , Flake Darl D. , Salvati Zachary M. , Wagner Eric S. , Fishman Elliot K. , Papadopoulos Nickolas , Beer Tomasz M.
Published: May 2024

In the US, <20% of cancers are diagnosed by standard-of-care (SoC) screening. Multicancer early detection (MCED) tests offer the opportunity to expand cancer screening. Understanding the characteristics and clinical outcomes of MCED-detected cancers is critical to clarifying MCED tests’ potential impact. DETECT-A is the first prospective interventional trial of an MCED blood test (CancerSEEK). CancerSEEK, coupled with diagnostic PET-CT, identified cancers including those not detected by SoC screening, the majority of which were localized or regional. We report multiyear outcomes in patients with cancers diagnosed following a positive CancerSEEK test. Nine cancer types were diagnosed in 26 participants whose cancers were first detected by CancerSEEK. Information on cancer diagnoses, treatments, and clinical outcomes was extracted from medical records through November 2022. Data collection occurred at a median of 4.4 years (IQR: 4.1–4.6) following study enrollment. Thirteen of 26 (50%) participants were alive and cancer-free [ovarian (4), thyroid (1), uterine (2), breast (1), colorectal (2), and lung (3)]; 7/13 (54%) had cancers without recommended SoC screening modalities. All eight treated stage I or II participants (8/8, 100%) and 12/14 (86%) surgically treated participants were alive and cancer-free. Eligibility for surgical treatment was associated with favorable multiyear outcomes (P = 0.0002). Half of participants with MCED-detected cancers were alive and cancer-free after 4.4 years median follow-up. Most were diagnosed with early-stage cancers and were treated surgically. These results suggest that early cancer detection by CancerSEEK may have facilitated curative-intent treatments and associated positive clinical outcomes in some DETECT-A participants.

Prevention Relevance: This study provides preliminary evidence of the potential of multicancer early detection testing as an effective screening tool for detecting cancers without standard-of-care (SoC) screening modalities and complementing SoC cancer screening.
Is Nuchal Translucency of 3.0–3.4 mm an Indication for cfDNA Testing or Microarray? – A Multicenter Retrospective Clinical Cohort Study
Authors: Rybak-Krzyszkowska Magda , Madetko-Talowska Anna , Szewczyk Katarzyna , Bik-Multanowski Mirosław , Sakowicz Agata , Stejskal David , Trková Marie , Smetanová Dagmar , Serafim Sílvia , Correia Hildeberto , Nevado Julian , Angeles Mori Maria , Mansilla Elena , Rutkowska Lena , Kucińska Agata , Gach Agnieszka , Huras Hubert , Kołak Magdalena , Srebniak Malgorzata Ilona
Published: May 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of clinically relevant (sub)microscopic chromosomal aberrations in fetuses with the nuchal translucency (NT) range from 3.0 to 3.4 mm, which would be potentially missed by cfDNA testing. Methods: A retrospective data analysis of 271 fetuses with NT between 3.0 and 3.4 mm and increased first trimester combined test (CT) risk in five cohorts of pregnant women referred for invasive testing and chromosomal microarray was performed. Results: A chromosomal aberration was identified in 18.8% fetuses (1:5; 51/271). In 15% (41/271) of cases, trisomy 21, 18, or 13 were found. In 0.7% (2/271) of cases, sex chromosome aneuploidy was found. In 1.1% (3/271) of cases, CNV >10 Mb was detected, which would potentially also be detected by genome-wide cfDNA testing. The residual risk for missing a submicroscopic chromosome aberration in the presented cohorts is 1.8% (1:54; 5/271). Conclusion: Our results indicate that a significant number of fetuses with increased CT risk and presenting NT of 3.0–3.4 mm carry a clinically relevant chromosomal abnormality other than common trisomy. Invasive testing should be offered, and counseling on NIPT should include the test limitations that may result in NIPT false-negative results in a substantial percentage of fetuses.
Splenic Artery Doppler Waveforms in Gestational Diabetes and Association with Fetal Pancreas: A Prospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Golbasi Hakan , Bayraktar Burak , Golbasi Ceren , Omeroglu Ibrahim , Emiralioglu Cakir Zubeyde , Tuncer Can Sevim , Pehlivanoglu Osman Caglar , Ekin Atalay
Published: May 2024

Introduction: This study evaluated fetal pancreas size and echogenicity, and splenic artery (SA) waveforms in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: This prospective case-control study was performed from October 2022 to November 2023 and included 124 pregnant women (62 with GDM and 62 controls). Pancreatic circumference, pancreatic echogenicity, umbilical artery Doppler measurements (systolic/diastolic ratio [S/D] and pulsatility index [PI]), SA Doppler measurements (S/D, PI, peak systolic velocity [PSV], time-averaged maximum velocity, and pressure gradient [PG] mean and maximum) values were compared between the GDM and control groups. Results: The mean pancreatic circumference was higher and grade 2/3 echogenicity was more common in the GDM group, while grade 1 echogenicity was more common in the control group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). SA S/D and PI measurements were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the control group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Moreover, PGmax was significantly higher in the GDM group than in the control group (p = 0.038). Pancreatic circumference was positively correlated with SA PSV (p = 0.004). Additionally, pancreatic circumference was positively correlated with PGmean and PGmax (p = 0.010 and p = 0.016, respectively). The increase in pancreas echogenicity was positively correlated with SA S/D and PI measurements (p = 0.007 and p = 0.002, respectively). PGmax was also positively correlated with increased pancreas echogenicity (p = 0.023). Conclusion: This study showed that fetal pancreas size and echogenicity were significantly higher in pregnant women with GDM than in controls. SA Doppler waveforms were consistent with an increase in vascular resistance associated with elevations of both S/D and PI in the GDM group.
The Efficacy of Acupuncture Therapy in the Management of Dyspnea and Other Symptoms Associated with Heart Failure: A Consolidated Review of Trial Data
Authors: Ganglani Vishnu , Geng Yong-Jian
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Acupuncture has been used for pain management for thousands of years. However, it is largely unclear whether this therapeutic approach can effectively reduce heart failure-associated symptoms, including dyspnea. The hypothesis posited in this study was that acupuncture does indeed aid in the management of such symptoms and was motivated by the following statistics that establish a requisite need for efficient management of dyspnea to improve patient outcomes with heart failure. In 2020, an estimated 6.2 million adults in the USA had a heart failure diagnosis; in 2018, 379,800 death certificates reported heart failure; and the national cost of heart failure in 2012 was approximately USD 30.7 billion. Methods: The methodology employed to conduct this study involved review of trial data extracted from review of papers pertaining to acupuncture, symptoms of heart failure, and dyspnea, from academic and clinical data repositories subject to various inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the initial set of 293 studies identified, the resulting inclusion set comprised 30 studies. The analysis conducted revealed that the highest frequency of combined acupuncture points prescribed for the foregoing search criteria were as follows: BL13, BL23, LU9, LU5, Dingchuan, LI4, PC6, and HT7. Results: A meta-analysis of combined pooled p values for the studies revealed that acupuncture does aid in the management of symptoms of dyspnea and heart failure, subject to various limitations including but not limited to heterogeneity inherent between the studies in the inclusion set that were analyzed. Such limitations underscore the need to restrict generalizations from the conclusions of this study. Conclusion: The impact and novelty of this research study is its attempt to target the apparent paucity of literature that focuses on the management of dyspnea specifically in the context of heart failure with acupuncture and to bridge the gap of the application of acupuncture research on dyspnea to the cardiovascular context of heart failure. Notwithstanding the meta-analysis undertaken under this review study, further statistical analysis and a pilot study are warranted to consolidate or nullify the results of the research.
The SLC6A18 Transporter Is Most Likely a Na-Dependent Glycine/Urea Antiporter Responsible for Urea Secretion in the Proximal Straight Tubule: Influence of This Urea Secretion on Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: Bankir Lise , Crambert Gilles , Vargas-Poussou Rosa
Published: May 2024

Background: Urea is the major end-product of protein metabolism in mammals. In carnivores and omnivores, a large load of urea is excreted daily in urine, with a concentration that is 30–100 times above that in plasma. This is important for the sake of water economy. Too little attention has been given to the existence of energy-dependent urea transport that plays an important role in this concentrating activity. Summary: This review first presents functional evidence for an energy-dependent urea secretion that occurs exclusively in the straight part of the proximal tubule (PST). Second, it proposes a candidate transmembrane transporter responsible for this urea secretion in the PST. SLC6A18 is expressed exclusively in the PST and has been identified as a glycine transporter, based on findings in SLC6A18 knockout mice. We propose that it is actually a glycine/urea antiport, secreting urea into the lumen in exchange for glycine and Na. Glycine is most likely recycled back into the cell via a transporter located in the brush border. Urea secretion in the PST modifies the composition of the tubular fluid in the thick ascending limb and, thus, contributes, indirectly, to influence the “signal” at the macula densa that plays a crucial role in the regulation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by the tubulo-glomerular feedback. Key Messages: Taking into account this secondary active secretion of urea in the mammalian kidney provides a new understanding of the influence of protein intake on GFR, of the regulation of urea excretion, and of the urine-concentrating mechanism.
A influência do Juqueri no processo de constituição cultural do Município de Franco da Rocha
Authors: Lancman Selma
Published: May 2024

This article discusses the influence of Juqueri - that used to be the largest psychiatric hospital complex in Brazil - on the cultural and identity fonnation of the residents of the town of "Franco da Rocha". This asylum of insane that commemorates its centenary in 1998 has deeplydetermined the destiny and the deveiopment of the small village where it was settled and that, nowadays, is a city. Juqueri was, until the 70,h decade, the tow^s major political institute, setting up the social, economical and cultural relationships, besides the community organization that has grown up around the asylum and madness. Based on interviews made with "Franco da Rocha" citizens, we have been trying to find the way this cultural influence had happened and its social consequences at this city until now.
"The Penetration and Illumination of Life's Experience" in James Joyce's Ulysses and Gerard Manley
Authors: Morse Donald E.
Published: May 2024

Different as they may appear in person and as writers, Joyce and Hopkins share far more than time spent in Ireland or in exile. Michael McLaverty in discussing Hopkins points to what holds true for both writers: both penetrate and illuminate "life's experience" as both "appeal fundamentally to lour]...total nature" (142). As Hopkins' poetry penetrates life's experience it more and more illuminates Scotus's divine design. As Joyce's prose penetrates life's experience it more and more illuminates those truths discoverable in what William James called "subjective life" (:239). While Hopkins shows a deep penetration into religious experience, Joyce demonstrates a great range of personal, subjective experience. Yet both exhibit a remarkable "coherence of ... vision within its own range" (eake 322).
The Voyage of St. Brendan: Celtic Otherworld Tale, Christian Apologia, or Medieval Travelog?
Authors: Doan James E.
Published: May 2024

This essay examines various theories on the composition of the ninth-or tenth-century Hiberno-Latin text, Navigatio Sancti Brendani ("The Voyage of St. Brendan"), including its relation to the Celtic immram or voyage tale (e.g., Immram Brain), its support for the Christian order which had replaced the native religion, and its role as a travelog intended primarily to entertain a monastic audience. Based on a close reading of the text, the essay challenges many of the received notions about the work. The essay also looks at the influence of the Navigatio on medieval and early modern explorers, including those who journeyed to the New World during the 15th through 18th century.
The Lizard
Authors: Longley Michael
Published: May 2024

“The Lizard,” by Michael Longley.
Inverted Layering Technique as a Biomimetic Procedure in a Multidisciplinary Resolution of Discolored Teeth: A Case Report
Authors: Silva Júnior Jefferson Pires da , Almeida Pedro Paulo Lopes de , Anacleto Felipe Nogueira , Moura Lucas Alves , Gonçalves Sérgio Eduardo de Paiva , Lobato Marcelo Figueiredo
Published: May 2024

The objective of this work is to report a restorative approach with composite resin applied in reverse in the aesthetic resolution of darkened anterior teeth. A 27-year-old female patient presented with the main complaint of dissatisfaction with the aesthetics of her smile due to dental darkening, a result of childhood trauma, without painful symptoms, pathological clinical signs or change in care. In the intraoral examination, a darkening of teeth 11 and 21 was observed, which radiographically showed thickening of the periodontal ligament, with disharmonious configuration of the marginal gingiva. From the clinical and radiographic characteristics, we opted for periodontal intervention for recovery and gingival levelling, followed by endodontic intervention and aesthetic restorative restoration. The restorative step was carried out sequentially by internal tooth bleaching, removal of dentin still pigmented after bleaching and enamel preservation. Soon after, it was restored in an alternative way and layered using a technique called reverse, using strips of polyethylene fiber over the dentin resin. The technique preserved the remaining enamel with the maintenance of the original remaining guides, proving to be a viable conservative alternative since of the diagnosis to the restorative conclusion in view of the longitudinal confirmation of the restorative efficacy after 1 year.
Northwestern University in Qatar: A Distinctive Global University
Authors: Kraidy Marwan M.
Published: May 2024

Founded in 2008 through a partnership between Northwestern University and Qatar Foundation for Education, Science and Community Development (QF), Northwestern University in Qatar (NU-Q) educates creative, ethical, and impactful communicators, and contributes both to Northwestern's excellence and the rise of Qatar as a knowledge-based society. NU-Q's vision is multidisciplinary, multimodal, multilingual, and focused on the Global South as an intellectual and creative space for research and teaching. NU-Q positions itself as an “embedded institution” in which U.S. higher education overlaps with regional and “Southern” circuits of academic exchange that catalyze critical debates on enduring and emerging issues, and enables a relationship between the university and the world that is globally competitive and locally resonant. NU-Q is a distinctive university dedicated to that vision.
Establishing a Research-Focused Liberal Arts College in China: Duke Kunshan University
Authors: Gao Haiyan , Gu Yijun
Published: May 2024

Duke Kunshan University (DKU), a new liberal arts and science university in China, with Duke University and Wuhan University as academic partners, is an experiment in twenty-first-century characteristics and global challenges. DKU's undergraduate degree program features an innovative, integrated, and interdisciplinary curriculum focused on cross-disciplinary challenges and research experiences. Its interdisciplinary research centers and graduate programs help attract international faculty and students, while its residential setting promotes diverse, rich, and meaningful interactions beyond the classroom. The shared vision for DKU among students, parents, faculty, staff, partner universities, and other stakeholders helps ensure the university's success. And the phenomenal achievements of the first cohort of graduates from the inaugural class of 2022 is evidence that the DKU experiment is working, despite many challenges.