bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISSUES OF CRIMINOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERSON WHO COMMITTED CRIMES IN THE CUSTOMS SPHERE
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Ermashev Jengis
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the issues of criminological description of the person who committed crimes in the customs field. Based on the summation of socio-biological, socio-demographic and socio-psychological data, the identity of the criminal who committed crimes in the customs sphere is described. In particular, it was determined that such crimes are usually committed by a financially stable male person who is married, has children, has a secondary education, is engaged in professional or entrepreneurial activities. It is also recommended to divide customs crimes into three categories, taking into account the age of the offender: 1) crimes provided for in Articles 130, 1301 of the Criminal Code are mainly committed by persons aged 18-30; 2) crimes provided for in Articles 182, 184, and 246 of the Criminal Code are mainly committed by persons aged 30-60; 3) crimes provided for in Articles 2443, 2444, and 2501 of the Criminal Code are mainly committed by persons aged 18-60. In addition, in the development of preventive measures, between citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan for the crimes provided for in Articles 130, 1301, 2443, and 2501 of the Criminal Code, both citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan and foreigners visiting our country for the crimes provided for in Articles 182, 184, 2444, and 246 of the Criminal Code, it is recommended to carry out propaganda work among the citizens of the country.
IMPROVING THE LEGAL REGULATION OF OBLIGATION RELATIONS IN INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE LAW
Authors:   University of World Economy and Diplomacy, Imamova Dilfuza
Published: January 2025

This article considers issues related to the need for the development and adoption of a separate code of Private International Law for the Republic of Uzbekistan, with the aim of regulating international private legal relations. It is proposed to include a dedicated chapter on “Obligatory Law” in the Code, which would cover the regulation of both contractual and non-contractual relations. An analysis of the legal acts of foreign countries in the field of Private International Law has been conducted. Based on this analysis, proposals and recommendations for improving the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan have been developed. Particular attention is paid to recommendations on the exclusion from the Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan of the mandatory written form requirement for foreign economic transactions, which in turn will allow to conclude transactions through electronic means of communication and the use of artificial intelligence. Of course, except for cases requiring mandatory state or notarial registration. It is proposed to supplement the Code with provisions that determine the applicable law in cases where the parties have not made an explicit choice. In particular, this applies to various types of foreign economic transactions, such as guarantee contracts, distribution contracts, agency contracts, escrow contracts, factoring, and forfeiting, as well as contracts concluded within the framework of Internet auctions, Internet contests or Internet exchanges and contracts involving consumers. The necessity of determining the scope of the law applicable to obligations arising from the infliction of harm as well as expanding the definition of the applicable law arising from various obligations arising from the infliction of harm is substantiated.
Lainvalmisteluasiakirjat kritiikin lähteenä
Authors: Alvesalo-Kuusi Anne , Sjölund Marjaana
Published: January 2025

Eduskunnassa käsitellään joka vuosi satoja hallituksen esityksiä lainsäädännöksi. Jokaisen hallituksen esityksen lainvalmistelun aikana syntyy runsaasti julkista asiakirja-aineistoa, kuten arviomuistioita, selvityksiä ja hallituksen esityksen eri vaiheissa olevia luonnosversioita sekä lausuntopyyntöjä, lausuntoja ja niiden yhteenvetoja. Lainsäätämisen yhteydessä, eli sen jälkeen, kun hallitus on antanut esityksen eduskunnalle, syntyy myös viljalti kiinnostavaa aineistoa, esimerkiksi valiokuntien mietintöjä ja niissä kuultujen asiantuntijoiden lausuntoja. Näihin asiakirjoihin on dokumentoitu keskeinen yhteiskunnallinen vallankäytön muoto, lakien säätäminen. Kaikkiaan lainvalmisteluasiakirjoja on huomattava määrä: yhteen lakihankkeeseen liittyy tyypillisesti kymmeniä tai satoja asiakirjoja, ja esimerkiksi viime hallituskaudella annettiin lähes tuhat hallituksen esitystä. Tätä kirjoittaessa, kesällä 2024, on Orpon hallituskautena annettu 179 hallituksen esitystä.
Lainvalmisteluaineistot ovat harmillisen alikäytettyjä, vaikka ne tarjoavat lukemattomia tutkimusmahdollisuuksia eri tieteenaloille. Toisenlaiset lähestymistavat mahdollistavat oikeutta kriittisesti tarkastelevia näkökulmia, joissa ei olla sidottuja lainopin sisäiseen näkökulmaan ja oikeuden koherenssin ylläpitämiseen. Todettakoon tässä yhteydessä, että kriittisiä, oikeuden koherenssin kyseenalaistavia lähestymistapoja oikeuteen löytyy toki runsaasti oikeustieteessä, koska kaikki oikeustieteilijät eivät tutki oikeutta vain yllä kuvatulla tavalla perinteisen lainopin sisäiseen näkökulmaan rajautuen. Mutta myös monien muiden tieteenalojen tutkijat, esimerkiksi sosiologit, politologit ja lingvistit, voisivat hyödyntää lainvalmistelutekstejä enemmän. Lainvalmisteluasiakirjat mahdollistavat mielenkiintoisia tutkimusasetelmia, koska ne tarjoavat näköalapaikan poliittisiin, taloudellisiin, yhteiskunnallisiin, oikeudellisiin ja kielellisiin kamppailuihin.
Poissaolon musiikki
Authors: Swan Astrid
Published: January 2025

FT Astrid Swan (Joutseno) on säveltäjä, kirjoittaja ja tutkija, joka työskentelee elämäkirjoituksen ja surun parissa.
Experimental study on the impact of educational resources on learning effectiveness in STEM subjects
Authors:   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, Baciu Anca , Ioniță Irina ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, Romania, Suditu Mihaela ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiești, Romania, Nan Georgeta ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiești, Romania, Ioniță Liviu ,   Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiești, Romania
Published: January 2025

The present study aims to capture how the use of multiple and experiential educational resources in STEM learning activities contributes to children's receptiveness in approaching and understanding abstract and technical content, recognizing that the sustainability of learning outcomes depends on the direct interaction between the intellectual, social, emotional environment in the context of active, collaborative learning. In this regard, we advocate for teaching strategies tailored to STEM disciplines, in which the settings/design of didactic scenarios encourage the provision of appropriate experimental contexts in which students communicate, work collaboratively in groups, practice problem-solving skills, train positive, critical, analytical, deductive, inductive thinking, etc. Such teaching strategies, can also resonate with students' learning styles as absolutely necessary prerequisites for successful learning. The experimental study involves the re-creation of classical/traditional didactic scenarios - on topics included in the school curriculum and in the Science textbook - in the university physics laboratories, and their presentation as experiments, with the active involvement of the students. The research instruments - the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire as well as the Psychological Well-Being Scale - subsequently applied to the students - highlight, through statistical correlation, the association between openness to the learning content, the level of good understanding of the content, the level of positivity in relationships with others and psychological well-being in STEM-specific learning.
Is two better than one? Parental involvement in schoolchildren with one and two parents and their academic performance
Authors:   Negros Oriental State University Bayawan – Santa Catalina Campus, Philippines, Albina Albert C. , Cabajar Chandy Lane G. ,   Negros Oriental State University Bayawan – Santa Catalina Campus, Philippines, Yurfo Arnel M. ,   Negros Oriental State University Bayawan – Santa Catalina Campus, Philippines, Mangayao Jenny Aina T. ,   Negros Oriental State University Bayawan – Santa Catalina Campus, Philippines, Malbog Maricel T. ,   Negros Oriental State University Bayawan – Santa Catalina Campus, Philippines
Published: January 2025

This study investigated whether schoolchildren having two parents outperform those with one parent in terms of academic performance. Specifically, it investigated parental involvement in the education of the fifth and sixth grade schoolchildren of an elementary school, and how parental involvement affected their academic performance. Seventy-two schoolchildren answered the Parental Involvement Scale (PIS), a survey questionnaire that was modified into two categories: (a) PIS-Mother and (b) PIS-Father. Findings revealed that regardless of whether the schoolchildren have two parents or one, it does not affect their academic performance. Parental involvement has a negative correlation with the academic performance of elementary schoolchildren.
Growing sustainability (SDGs) in universities by service- learning projects activities - case study
Authors:   National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Romania, Tripon Cristina , Drăghici-Popa Ana-Maria ,   National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Romania
Published: January 2025

The relationship between youth and the sustainability of rural areas is essential for the overall quality of life in these areas. By engaging youth in the sustainability of rural areas, we can ensure that the economic and social benefits of rural areas are shared across generations. Service learning (SL) is a powerful teaching practice because it allows students to learn and practice skills in a real-world setting. Service learning combines meaningful service with instruction, reflection, and student-initiated and directed inquiry into an issue or need. This type of learning fosters an environment of collaboration and problem solving, which can help students develop an understanding of their role in the world while helping them to build civic responsibility, employability skills, and leadership skills. This article presents successful educational practices from service-learning activities that can be developed in other learning communities to empower students and make learning easier, allowing students to observe and practice their skills in real-world situations. These SL projects foster reciprocal partnerships between universities and communities, ensuring mutual benefits and long-term societal impact. Service learning enhances students' skills in problem-solving, collaboration, and critical thinking, while cultivating civic responsibility and global citizenship. By integrating service learning into their curricula, universities can act as catalysts for sustainable development, bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical applications. This approach not only prepares students to tackle pressing global challenges but also strengthens university-community partnerships, demonstrating the essential role of higher education in achieving the SDGs.
The effect of parental training programs on enhancing parental self-efficacy and its impact on couple satisfaction and relationship satisfaction
Authors:   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania, Chiș Roxana , Chiș Sabin ,   Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania
Published: January 2025

This study explores the effects of parental training programs on enhancing parental self-efficacy and its impact on couple and relationship satisfaction in Romania. A quasi-experimental design was employed with 41 parents who reported low satisfaction levels. Participants underwent a three-month intervention featuring structured parenting programs designed to boost confidence and effectiveness. Pre- and post-intervention measurements used scales like the General Self-Efficacy Scale adapted for parents, the Couple Satisfaction Index, and the Relationship Satisfaction scale. Results showed significant improvements in parental self-efficacy and relationship satisfaction in the experimental group compared to a control group. These findings highlight the role of parental self-efficacy in improving relationship quality and advocate for culturally tailored, targeted interventions to enhance family dynamics. The study suggests further research into the long-term effects of such interventions across diverse populations, underscoring their transformative potential.
Investigating learning environment preferences in students with trauma history
Authors:   Logan University, USA, Werkmeister Siloh A.
Published: January 2025

This study explores how trauma impacts students' preferences for different learning environments (in-person, online, hybrid) and their subsequent educational outcomes. Using a mixed-methods design, 56 participants were assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale (SADS). Results indicate that higher trauma severity significantly predicts a preference for online and hybrid learning environments, while social anxiety shows weaker influence. Thematic analysis reveals a preference for flexible learning environments among trauma-affected students. These findings underscore the importance of trauma-informed educational practices that support the unique needs of these students.
Instrumental vs. stimulating risk: the dual psychological nature of risk-taking behavior in combat sports
Authors:   University of Craiova, Romania, Predoiu Radu , Bertollo Maurizio ,   University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Italy, Predoiu Alexandra ,   National University of Physical Education and Sport, Romania, Stănescu Rareș ,   National University of Physical Education and Sport, Romania, Hamdi Faten ,   University of Jendouba, Tunisia, Nijloveanu Dorina ,   University of Bucharest, Romania, Cosma Germina ,   University of Craiova, Romania
Published: January 2025

To win in competition, athletes are inevitably in a position to display certain risky behaviors. The current research examines risk-taking behavior (instrumental risk and stimulating risk) in combat sport athletes, according to gender and sports performances. Also, it aims to verify the role that competitive experience has on athletes’ risk-taking behavior. In combat sports, athletes that take calculated and deliberate risks in order to accomplish a certain objective, like winning a competition or obtaining an advantage over rival, are engaging in instrumental risk-taking behaviors, while stimulating risk-taking behavior is impulsive, uncontrollable and short-term oriented. Seventy-one athletes were enrolled in the study, aged between 19 and 35 (Mage = 24.4). The Romanian adaptation of the Makarowski’s Stimulating and Instrumental Risk Questionnaire for martial artists was used. Analysis of Variance showed that experts/elite athletes registered significantly higher scores for instrumental risk, compared to novices. No gender-related differences in terms of risk-taking behavior were emphasized. Moreover, using linear regression analysis, competitive experience was found to predict combat sport athletes’ level of instrumental risk, but not stimulating risk. Furthermore, athletes having more competitive experience take more calculated risks, rational processes and the ability to analyze situations dominating.
THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF EXHIBITIONS AND GALLERIESIN ART EDUCATION
Authors: Keldenova K.
Published: January 2025

This article looks into the role and importance of exhibitions and galleries in art education, pointing out the value these places have for experiential learning, creativity, and cultural engagement. It is in this study that such an environment contributes to visual literacy, critical thinking, and the total development of students and educators. This research, in which 120 participants from Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University and Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University took part, was conducted as a mixed-methods study. Data were collected through questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and observations in physical and digital gallery spaces. The results show that exhibitions raise the level of visual literacy, inspire creative experimentation, and create critical thinking. The respondents mentioned that exhibitions allowed them to learn through collaboration because students discussed in groups and shared their views on a given work of art. Traditional galleries remained indispensable for their sensory and immersive qualities; however, digital exhibitions were reported as important complementary tools because they have increased accessibility and flexibility. Challenges included logistic barriers, and the need for more inclusive and diverse representations, among others. Results make a strong case for exhibitions and galleries as integral to or at least complementary in value to the art education curriculum. They also bring into view the contribution these sites might make toward addressing larger equity and representation concerns within educational environments. The paper concludes by calling for increased institutional support and collaboration among educators and galleries in working through barriers of access toward ensuring such experiences have transformative potential. Further research is needed into long-term impacts of gallery-based learning and may also include further consideration of the potentials for digital exhibitions in arts education. This study corroborates that exhibitions and galleries play an integral role in art education today, offering various intellectual and artistic development options that are not easily supplied by other means.
PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DA MORTALIDADE MATERNA POR HEMORRAGIA PÓS-PARTO NO BRASIL NO PERÍODO DE 2018 A 2022
Authors: Santos Maria Carolina Cândido dos , Monteiro Manuela Silvestre , Cavalcante Paulo da Aldeia Vitório , Camargo Lara Lobo , Correia Júlia Borella Toledo , Pimentel Luciano José Ramos
Published: January 2025

Esse artigo buscou analisar o perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade materna Hemorragia- Pós-Parto (HPP) no Brasil entre 2018 e 2022. A HPP é uma das principais causas de morte materna evitável, e corresponde a aproximadamente 25% dos óbitos maternos no mundo. A pesquisa, de caráter descritivo e quantitativo, utilizou dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) do SUS, que totalizou 554 casos. Os resultados revelaram uma maior incidência de óbitos entre mulheres de 30 a 39 anos, com prevalência em ambientes hospitalares (93,86%). A região Sudeste registrou o maior número de casos (33,39%), seguida pelo Nordeste (28,70%). A escolaridade também se destacou, uma vez que a maioria das vítimas possuía menos de 12 anos de estudo. As persistentes taxas de mortalidade materna evidenciam a necessidade urgente de investimentos em melhorias estruturais nos serviços de saúde, capacitação contínua das equipes médicas e implementação rigorosa de protocolos clínicos voltados à prevenção da hemorragia pós-parto. Este estudo contribui para a compreensão da HPP no Brasil e ressalta a importância de intervenções direcionadas para reduzir esses óbitos evitáveis.
Impact of host climate model on contrail cirrus effective radiative forcing estimates
Authors: Zhang Weiyu , Van Weverberg Kwinten , Morcrette Cyril J. , Feng Wuhu , Furtado Kalli , Field Paul R. , Chen Chih-Chieh , Gettelman Andrew , Forster Piers M. , Marsh Daniel R. , Rap Alexandru
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Estimates of aviation effective radiative forcing (ERF) indicate that contrail cirrus is currently its largest contributor, although with a substantial associated uncertainty of ∼ 70 %. Here, we implement the contrail parameterisation developed for the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) in the UK Met Office Unified Model (UM), allowing us to compare, for the first time, the impact of key features of the host climate model on contrail cirrus ERF. We find that differences in background humidity between the models result in the UM-simulated contrail fractions being 2 to 3 times larger than in CAM. Additionally, the models show contrasting responses in overall global cloud fraction, with contrails increasing the total cloud fraction in the UM and decreasing it in CAM. Differences in the complexity of the cloud microphysics schemes lead to significant differences in simulated changes to cloud ice water content due to aviation. After compensating for the unrealistically low contrail optical depth in the UM, we estimate the 2018 contrail cirrus ERF to be 40.8 mW m−2 in the UM, compared to 60.1 mW m−2 in CAM. These values highlight the substantial uncertainty in contrail cirrus ERF due to differences in microphysics and radiation schemes between the two models. We also find a factor-of-8 uncertainty in contrail cirrus ERF due to existing uncertainty in contrail cirrus optical depth. Future research should focus on better representing microphysical and radiative contrail characteristics in climate models and on improved observational constraints.
Valley floor inclination affecting valley winds and transport of passive tracers in idealised simulations
Authors: Mikkola Johannes , Gohm Alexander , Sinclair Victoria A. , Bianchi Federico
Published: January 2025

Abstract. In mountainous regions, diurnal thermally driven winds impact daily weather and air quality. This study investigates how the inclination of idealised valleys affects these winds and the transport of passive tracers using high-resolution numerical simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. We explore a range of valley inclinations from 0 to 2.28°, bridging the gap between previous studies on flat and moderately inclined (up to 0.86°) idealised valleys and steeper (2–5°) real Himalayan valleys. We find that during daytime in the inclined valleys, up-valley winds penetrate deeper into the valleys and become stronger, up to a critical inclination beyond which the winds weaken. The flat-floored valley exhibits the strongest night-time down-valley winds overall, but surface-based down-valley winds are more prominent in inclined valleys. Steeper valleys enhance the vertical transport of passive tracers, resulting in ventilation at higher altitudes compared to the flat-floored valley. Despite stronger overall tracer outflow in the flat-floored valley, this occurs at lower altitudes, leading to most of the ventilated tracers being accumulated in the lowest few kilometres of the atmosphere. Consequently, steeper valleys are more efficient at ventilating tracers to the upper troposphere, which would, for example, lead to higher potential for long-range transport. These findings underscore the critical role of valley geometry in shaping wind patterns and pollutant transport, providing valuable insights for improving transport modelling in mountainous regions.
Comparing an idealized deterministic-stochastic model (SUP model, version 1) of the tide-and-wind driven sea surface currents in the Gulf of Trieste to HF Radar observations
Authors: Flora Sofia , Ursella Laura , Wirth Achim
Published: January 2025

Abstract. In the Gulf of Trieste the sea surface currents are observed by High Frequency Radar for almost two years (2021–2022) at a temporal resolution of 30 min. We developed a hierarchy of idealized models to simulate the observed sea surface currents, combining a deterministic and a stochastic approach, in order to reproduce the externally forced motion and the internal variability, which is characterized by a fat-tailed statistics. The deterministic signal includes tidal and Ekman forcing and resolves the slowly varying part of the flow, while the stochastic signal represents the fast-varying small-scale dynamics, characterized by Gaussian or fat-tailed statistics, depending on the statistical used. This is done using Langevin equations and modified Langevin equations with a Gamma distributed variance parameter. The models were adapted to resolve the dynamics under nine tidal and wind Forcing Protocols in order to best fit the observed forced motion and internal variability Probability Density Function (PDF). The stochastic signal requires 2 stochastic degrees of freedom when the averaged tidal forcing is adopted, while it needs 1/2 stochastic degree of freedom when the complete tidal forcing is used. Despite its idealization, the deterministic-stochastic model with stochastic fat-tailed statistics captures the essential dynamics and permits to mimic the observed PDF. Moreover, a Fluctuation Response Relation is valid when the stochastic signal is perturbed, showing that the response to an external perturbation can be obtained by considering the fluctuations of the unperturbed system.
Unveiling the Future: Convergence of Engineering, Medicine, and Technology in Biomedical and Biotechnology
Authors: Yi Sung , Khazaei Hadi , Khazaei Danesh , Junejo Nashrah , Etesami Faryar
Published: January 2025

The Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Track delves into the thrilling nexus of engineering, medicine, and technology, where groundbreaking advancements are redefining healthcare and human potential. This review article will showcase diverse perspectives and cutting-edge research across multiple frontiers, illuminating the path towards a healthier, more empowered future.

We will explore the revolutionary possibilities of seamlessly integrating the technology of Biocompatible Electronics with the human body. From bionic organs controlled by thought to smart sensors monitoring internal health, this article will unveil the challenges and triumphs of engineering devices that seamlessly interact with living systems, blurring the lines between human and machine. The gene editing, proteomic analysis and much more omics knowledge and research will lead us into the exciting world of precision medicine. We will dissect the power of CRISPR and other tools to manipulate genomes, paving the way for personalized treatments tailored to individual genetic profiles. We will explore the ethical considerations and potential pitfalls alongside the immense promise of tailoring therapies to combat diseases at their root.

Visionary research in tissue engineering will ignite our imagination with the potential of bioprinting human organs. This article will delve into the remarkable advancements in creating functional tissues – from skin grafts to complex organs – offering hope for transplant patients and pushing the boundaries of regenerative medicine.

A renowned expert in artificial intelligence will illuminate the profound impact of AI on healthcare. This review paper will showcase how intelligent algorithms are revolutionizing medical diagnosis, predicting disease outbreaks, and optimizing treatment plans. We will explore the ethical and practical considerations of integrating AI into clinical practice, ensuring its responsible and equitable implementation.
The Unsustainable Costs of Prolonged Targeted Therapy in Lung Cancer, Saving Methodology
Authors: Guirgis Helmy M
Published: January 2025

Background: Anticancer drug costs were reported proportional to number of purchases and/or duration of use. The monoclonal antibodies (MABs) were approved at 2-years and targeted therapy (TT) at 3. The value of MABs and TT have been extensively addressed and confirmed, but costs have rarely been dissected. After careful accounting of prolonged TT high costs, saving methodology is being presented in advanced/metastatic non- squamous cell lung carcinoma (a/d-NSCLC).

Methods: MABs costs were calculated as dose in mg x price x number of cycles or years and TT as the monthly optimal dose x 12 x duration of use. Results: The median yearly cost of MABs, approved at 2-year overall survival, was $163,640 with an optional 3rd year totaling $490,920. The annual TT median cost was $229,600, 4- years $918,400 and10-years $2,296,000. Costs counting starts the 1st- year and saving on 4. We reasoned that if 1,000-2000 American patients were treated by all TT for 4-years, cost would mount to $918,400,000 - $1,836,800,000. In Europe with a larger population number, the cost would be higher. TT is essentially unaffordable for patients and counties with limited resources.

Conclusion: In a/d-NSCLC, the use of a 3rd year-MABs is questionable due to lack of extended survival. A 50% reduction of TT annual costs beginning the 4th-year, would circumvent and attenuate the unsustainable economic burden of prolonged use.
Monetary Policy Impact on the Capital Market: Evidence from Armenia
Authors: TERYAN DIANA
Published: January 2025

The main aim of this research is to study the impact monetary policy has on
different segments of the capital market in the Republic of Armenia. In the frame of the
paper, we investigated the relationship between monetary indicators and government
bond, corporate bond, and stock markets. We designed and estimated a structural
vector autoregressive model using a monthly dataset of six variables describing the
monetary policy of the Central Bank of Armenia and different segments of the capital
market. Based on the model, we forecasted baseline and alternative scenarios to
compare the results with the actual indicators. In addition, we conducted impulse
response and forecast error variance decomposition analyses. The research results
showed that our model was generally able to predict the key trends in the observed
capital markets over the projection period. According to the alternative forecast
scenario, tighter monetary policy with a more aggressive interest rate hike would have
led to higher volatility in government, corporate bonds, and stock markets in Armenia.
The outcomes of the conducted analyses suggested that monetary policy had a stronger
relationship with the government bond market, while its interactions with the corporate
bond and stock markets were mostly insignificant in Armenia.
Արցախի բնական, մշակութային և այլ զբոսաշրջային ռեսուրսներն ու Ադրբեջանի կողմից Արցախի պատմամշակութային ժառանգության ոչնչացումը / NATURAL, CULTURAL AND OTHER TOURISTIC RESOURCES OF ARTSAKH AND
DESTRUCTION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE OF ARTSAKH BY AZERBAIJAN
Authors: TOVMASYAN Gayane
Published: January 2025

Artsakh is an integral part of historical Armenia, the second Armenian country. Artsakh is rich in
natural, historical, cultural and other resources, which have a huge tourism potential. After the war that
broke out in the fall of 2020, together with the loss of the territories of Artsakh, we were also deprived
of a great touristic resources. In September 2023, Artsakh was completely depopulated.
The article presents some elements of the natural, cultural and religious heritage of Artsakh. The
facts of the destruction of the historical and cultural heritage of Artsakh by Azerbaijan are also presented, which should be presented and raised on various international platforms in order to prevent
Azerbaijan's policy of cultural genocide.
Հասարակական տրանսպորտի բարեփոխումների ծրագիր. Երևանի հետաձգված երազանքը / PUBLIC TRANSPORT REFORM PROGRAM: YEREVAN'S DEFERRED DREAM
Authors: GALSTYAN Hamazasp
Published: January 2025

In the context of developing a human-centered and modern city, the implementation of comprehensive public transport reforms in Yerevan, remains a priority task. Despite the announcement of
this ambitious project back in 2017, its practical execution requires urgent solutions from the city
government.
In other words, we can state that this process is being unnecessarily and illogically delayed; it has
already entered its eighth year, yet the final result is still not visible.
Where have we failed? Why is it still impossible to provide safe and decent transport services to
Yerevan’s residents and visitors? Why, even with the introduction of new buses and routes, public
transport users cannot avoid the unpleasant reality of traveling in overcrowded buses. These issues
remain at the forefront of the capital's problems that require a final solution.
The paper examines the progress and current situation of the capital's ground public transport
reform, the policy adopted by the city administration, the sequence of actions and its logic. It also presents key reasons hindering the completion of this unfinished project and proposes solutions.
«Մահաբեր խաղալիքների» հանդեպ կիրքն անզսպելի է... Հրազենի ապօրինի շրջանառություն / PASSION FOR "DEADLY TOYS" IS IRRESISTIBLE...
THE ILLEGAL TRAFFICKING OF FIREARMS
Authors: PAKHLYAN Anna
Published: January 2025

Illicit trafficking in firearms is often estimated as one of the most profitable types of illegal trade in
the world.
The volumes of weapons seized worldwide reveal the scale of the problem of illegal arms trafficking
and its impact on regional security and stability. The analysis of the data shows that the largest number
of firearms, related ammunition, parts and components were seized in the Americas, while in Asia,
Europe, Oceania and Africa the volumes of seized weapons were much more modest.
However, it should be taken into account that the real scale of illegal trafficking in firearms is much
greater, since due to the high secrecy of such deliveries, law enforcement agencies around the world
manage to confiscate only a part of the illegal weapons.
Քաղցր ըմպելիքների հարկման ազդեցությունը սպառողների վարքագծի և տնտեսական գործունեության վրա / The Impact of Taxation of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages
on Consumer Behavior and Economic Activity
Authors: KTOYAN ARMEN , SHIRINYAN ANUSH , MANUKYAN ELENA , ISRAELYAN SRBUHI , HARUTYUNYAN MARIAM , SAFARYAN NANE
Published: January 2025

The economic
and social burden of disease associated with sugar-sweetened
beverages consumption is significant, not only in terms of health
care costs, but also in lost productivity and economic growth. In
this context, the taxation of sugar-sweetened beveragess is
emerging as an important public health policy tool recommended
by leading global health organizations. By affecting the price of
these beverages, taxes aim to reduce consumption, encourage
healthier dietary choices, and ultimately alleviate the health and
economic burden associated with their consumption.
However, the international community is ambiguous about
the introduction of taxation of sugar-sweetened beveragess.
Arguments often point to their ineffectiveness, regressive nature
and potential negative impact on business and employment.
The paper summarizes the results of research conducted
with the examples of different countries in order to assess the
effect of additional taxation of sugar-sweetened beveragess on
production and consumption. They can be useful for increasing
the targeting of tax policy in the field of production and
consumption of sweet drinks in RA, for solving the problems of
effective decision-making aimed at managing possible risks from
the perspective of human capital development.
Creation of A Robotics Complex for The Preparation of Bachelors in Technical Specialties in Kazakhstan In Order to Teach Industry 4.0 Technologies (Experience of Karaganda Technical University Named After Abylkas Saginov)
Authors:   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», TOKHMETOVA Kuralay , FESHIN Boris ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», KOBYLANDY Aslan ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», BAYGUL Ayazhan ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», NURMAGAMBETOVA Gulmira ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University»
Published: January 2025

The training stand «FESTO Mechatronic Line» is considered, which is located in the
auditorium 126 of the Department of Automation of Production Processes of the Karaganda
Technical University named after A. Saginov. The stand is the object of research of several
diploma projects and dissertations of students and master students of the educational program
«Automation and control». This training stand is designed to train intelligent robotic and
mechatronic complexes in accordance with Industry 4.0 technologies and technical solutions
based on university equipment. 4 technologies of the Industry 4.0 concept have been implemented
at the «FESTO Mechatronic Line» training stand. The creation of such robotic complexes
will allow teaching senior students and undergraduates of universities, as well as retraining
and advanced training of engineers and specialists.
The Study of The Problems of Building Intelligent Classification Systems for Objects of National Culture Based on Machine Learning Methods
Authors:   NPJSC «K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University», KUSENGALIEVA Nurzhamal , KEREYEV Adilzhan ,   NPJSC «K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University», BIGALIYEVA Alfiya ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», SAIMANOVA Zagira ,   NPJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University», RUSAK Alena ,   ITMO National Research University
Published: January 2025

The possibility of using intelligent technologies to solve the problem of implementing
an active policy to introduce the younger generation to cultural heritage, national values in
order to foster the spirit of patriotism, understanding the value of our independence is being
considered. The subject of the research in this work is the effectiveness of using intelligent
systems to solve problems of object classification. The purpose of the study is to increase the
accuracy of recognition. The paper shows the method of sequential description of the Sequential
API model, which allows you to keep models convenient for human perception, as well as
create an instance of the model class. The result of the work is an intelligent object classification
system. The values of the results of the algorithm for sequential description of the model
are analyzed and presented. The maximum recognition accuracy during model training was
0.73%.
Willingness to pay higher environmental taxes in selected European countries: An empirical analysis
Authors: Poteralska Magdalena
Published: January 2025

Podatki ekologiczne są coraz częściej postrzegane jako kluczowy mechanizm wspierania zrównoważonego rozwoju. Niniejsze
badanie analizuje gotowość obywateli do płacenia wyższych podatków ekologicznych w oparciu o czynniki pozaekonomiczne
w sześciu krajach europejskich: Francji, Hiszpanii, Norwegii, Słowacji, Węgrzech i Chorwacji, z wykorzystaniem danych International
Social Survey Programme 2020 – Environment IV. Analiza wykazała, że respondenci z Francji, Norwegii i Hiszpanii charakteryzują
się większą skłonnością do ponoszenia wyższych obciążeń z tytułu ekopodatków w porównaniu z osobami ze Słowacji, Chorwacji
i Węgier. Wyniki wskazują, że stosunek do ekologii, w tym troska o środowisko, postrzeganie zagrożeń ekologicznych oraz wpływ
problemów środowiskowych na codzienne życie, a także poziom wykształcenia, zaufanie społeczne i polityczne, są istotnymi predyktorami
gotowości do płacenia wyższych podatków ekologicznych. Ich wpływ jednak różni się w zależności od kraju. Rezultaty
badania podkreślają potrzebę uwzględniania specyfiki krajowej przy opracowywaniu polityk i strategii promujących proekologiczne
zachowania, w tym zwiększenie poparcia dla ekopodatków.
National Social Register as a Veritable Tool for Social Protection and Educational Development: Evidence from Katsina-Ala Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria
Authors: T. S. Iortule, , G. Ker, , A. Hiam,
Published: January 2025

The study assessed the impact of the National Social Register as a veritable tool for social protection and educational development: Evidence from Katsina-Ala Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria. The study adopted cross-sectional survey design. The population of the study consisted of 43,360 households. A sample of 396 respondents were used for the study, employing multistage sampling techniques. Questionnaires alongside interviews were employed for data collection. Data was analyzed using charts, frequencies, percentages and chi-square test. The findings of the study show that 6752 households were captured in 9 council wards that were captured in NSR out of the 12 council wards in the study area. Then, 439 households benefited from social protection programs informed of cash transfer. The study established that social protection intervention programs that the poor and vulnerable households benefited from significantly improve their level of income. Furthermore, the findings of the study also show that social protection intervention programs that the poor and vulnerable households captured in NSR benefited from have a significant impact on the educational progress of their children in the study area. The study concluded that the National Social Register (NSR) is a veritable tool for social protection and educational development in the study area. Therefore, the study recommended that governments at all levels in Nigeria should commit their resources in strengthening the process of building the NSR given that accurate data is necessary for social protection programs, development policies and planning as well as educational development.
Perception of Child Marriage of Secondary School Girls in Bangladesh
Authors: Hoque Md. Anamul , Ferdouse Jannatul
Published: January 2025

Child marriage is a worldwide priority issue as ending child marriage by 2023 is a target embedded in the Sustainability Development Goal (SDG). The child marriage practice is going on around the world. Based on the latest data 21% of young women were married as children. In Bangladesh, 38% of adolescent girls are married before the age of 15, and 51% of young women are married before their 18th birthday. Since research on this particular issue is very scanty, this study aims to explain the perception of Secondary School girls about child marriage and provide practice-based recommendations for strengthening the community especially girls to prevent it. According to the law of Bangladesh, the minimum age of marriage for girls is 18 years and for boys is 21 years . Any marriage before these ages can be treated as child marriage. In practice, child marriage is happening in Bangladesh, particularly in urban slums and rural areas. The studies show poverty and ignorance of the parents/ guardians about the consequence of child marriage, less access to sexual & reproductive health services, and prevailing social norms of marriage are the main reasons for child marriage .
PENGARUH PELATIHAN, KEPERCAYAAN DIRI DAN KETERAMPILAN DALAM BERKOMUNIKASI TERHADAP PADA KEMAMPUAN PUBLIC SPEAKING PADA MAHASISWA STIE TAMANSISWA BANJARNEGARA TAHUN 2024
Authors: Lustono Lustono , Lusaputra Fadhil Ghani , Hayati Sri
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyze whether there is an influence of Training, self-confidence, skills. Communication on Public Speaking Ability This study uses multiple regression analysis tools by first converting the ordinal scale to an interval scale through the method of successive intervals. The classical assumption used in this study is the normality test aims to test whether in the regression model the dependent variable and the independent variable both have a normal distribution or not. A good regression model is one that has a normal or near-normal data distribution. The assumption of multicollinearity is a situation where there is a correlation between independent variables between one and another. Heteroscedasticity is cross-section data containing a heteroscedastic situation because the data collects data that represents various sizes.
This study uses primary data Primary data is obtained directly by distributing questionnaires to respondents. Respondents in this study were 100 students. The results of the study include: Training has a significant effect on the Public Speaking Ability of STIE Tamansiswa Banjarnegara students. The results of the study include: Self-confidence has a significant effect on the Public Speaking Ability of STIE Tamansiswa Banjarnegara students., Communication skills have a significant effect on the Public Speaking Ability of STIE Tamansiswa Banjarnegara students. Training, Self-confidence, and Communication skills have a significant effect on the Public Speaking Ability of STIE Tamansiswa Banjarnegara students.
Design and Optimization of Polyherbal Gels for Topical Drug Delivery by Central Composite Statistical Design
Authors: U Navami , Jyothi Divya , Shetty Nireeeksha , N Shetty Nisha
Published: January 2025

The current aims to design and develop the optimized gel formulation containing the extracts of three leaf drugs Tamarindus indica, Nyctanthus arborstris, Memecylon malabaricum employing Carbopol 940 and HPMC as a gelling agent. The polyherbal gel formulations were optimized for desired viscosity and spreadability using central composite design by selecting the concentration of Carbopol 940 and HPMC as independent variables. A central composite design with two factors at three levels of different concentration of Carbopol 940 and HPMC K4M(1-1.5% and 1-2%), respectively, were used. Viscosity and spreadability were chosen as dependent variables. The pH and drug content were also determined for the prepared formulations. The in vitro drug release of optimized formulation through dialysis membrane was conducted for 8hrs using Franz diffusion cell apparatus to find out the amount of release of phenolic content during the period of study. Polyherbal gel formulation with Carbopol 940 and HPMC (1:1 w/w) was found to be the optimized formulation with desired viscosity and high spreadability of 3620cps and 18.61g cm/sec respectively, with required skin pH of and drug content of 97.05%. Invitrorelease of phenolic content was found to be more than 88.02±1.5% after 8hrs. Optimized poly herbal hydrogel formulation with high polyphenolic content is suitable for topical application. Further, this formulation has the potential to be used topically for disorders that require antioxidant therapy.
Lithium Exposure during Embryonic stage affects Heart and Eye Morphology in Zebrafish Larvae via Changes in Transcription Factor Expression
Authors: Atifa Rahmi Koyuki , Saifur Rohman Mohammad , Fakurazi Sharida , Khotimah Husnul , Sujuti Hidayat
Published: January 2025

Background: Lithium is a first-line treatment for Bipolar Affective Disorder in pregnant women, but it has a narrow therapeutic range and has been shown to cause teratogenic effects on the foetus. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of lithium–induced heart and eye malformation during organogenesis. Methods: Zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as the animal model. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to LiCl with concentrations of 0 (control), 3, 30, and 300mg/L from 1 hpf to 72 hpf. Expression of heart organogenesis-associated genes nkx2.5, nppa, and myl7, and Eye Field Transcription Factors six3a and rx3 were measured using qPCR. Heart and eye morphology were observed using light microscopy and assessed based on representative score assignment for zebrafish teratogenicity assay. Results: In heart organogenesis, LiCl caused significant upregulation of nkx2.5 expression and increased the incidence and severity of heart malformations and contractility malfunction in zebrafish larvae. In eye organogenesis, LiCl caused substantialdownregulation of six3a expression and a significant increase inthe incidence and severity of eye malformations in zebrafish larvae. Conclusions: LiCl exposure towards zebrafish during the embryonic period disrupted heart and eye organogenesis by changing the expression of transcription factors involved in the respective organogenesis processes.