bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pasture establishment on non-cultivable hill country
Authors: Tozer K.N. , Douglas G.B. , Cameron C.A. , Fraser T.J. , Moss R.A. , Rennie G.M. , Knight T.L. , Muir P.D.
Published: June 2020

To determine the best method of pasture establishment on non-cultivable hill country (>20o slope), four treatments were compared in one year on north and south aspects at four sites with contrasting climates and soil types. Sites were located in Waikato (1), Hawke's Bay (2) and Canterbury (1). The treatments included seed mix (grasses, legumes and herbs (GLH); legumes only (LEG)) and sowing time (spring; autumn). Six weeks after sowing, seedling establishment, as a percentage of viable seeds sown, was: i) greater on south than north aspects for perennial ryegrass (31% vs 18%) and birdsfoot trefoil (5% vs 4%); ii) greater for total sown species (14% vs 8%), subterranean clover (7% vs 4%) and red clover (25% vs 14%) in the GLH than LEG mix, but greater for white clover in the LEG than GLH mix (17% vs 8%); iii) greater in autumn than spring for perennial ryegrass (36% vs 13%) and total sown grasses (22% vs 9%) but greater in spring than autumn for lotus (6% vs 3%). Plantain established well in spring in summer-wet environments, while in summer-dry environments establishment was greater in autumn. Broadcasting seed on south aspects during autumn is likely to result in the highest establishment of sown grasses and legumes, but not necessarily of herbs. The trials were conducted in an unusually wet season. Repeating a subset of the treatments at these sites will provide a greater understanding of responses to climatic variation. Keywords: pasture renewal; pasture establishment; pasture mixtures; oversowing.
President's address 2013
Authors: Rowarth Jacqueline
Published: June 2020

Security of food supply, sustainability of food production and safety in food processing - the three Ss of food - have featured in the news globally over the last twelve months. New Zealand has not been immune, and was the focus mid-year. The repercussions are still being felt. A successful pathway to the future will include improved understanding of agriculture and science - which means education at all levels is required. The role of the New Zealand Grassland Association continues to be information exchange and hence education - fuelled by science and tempered by experience.
The Bay of Plenty; a summary of the physical landscape, economy, demographics and issues surrounding primary production
Authors: Stokes Simon
Published: June 2020

The "Bay of Plenty" was a term coined by Captain Cook when his ship Endeavour rounded East Cape on 29 October 1769 and came upon local populations large and prosperous. It has a uniquely youthful volcanic landscape, interspersed with twelve iconic lakes, and several harbours and estuaries, the eastern boundary being framed by the main axial range of the North Island. With approximately 71% of the land area afforested or in indigenous habitat, there is not a huge amount of land left for agricultural and horticultural production; this has to compete with changing community demands, urbanisation and infrastructural growth, and a rapidly expanding population. This raises expectations on the primary sectors to manage their businesses in a way which reduces the effects of those sectors on the surrounding environment. With pumice soils dominating, and water quality an issue, the security and future of the region's primary producers is both necessary and problematic.
Undiagnosed metal phytotoxicity in soils: Measurement of soil pH micro-variability under Manawatu pastures, and assessment of an alternative means of amelioration.
Authors: Bishop P. , Quin B.F.
Published: June 2020

Although not always recognised as such, the major reason for the recommended application of sufficient lime to achieve a soil pH of 5.5 or more on New Zealand pastures is to ameliorate phytotoxic effects of water soluble cations of aluminium (Al), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). However, evidence that increasing numbers of farms have sub-optimum soil pH levels suggests that traditional treatment, viz. infrequent heavy applications of agricultural lime, is not considered cost-effective by many farmers, probably due largely to increasing application costs. Application of the carboxylate copolymer AlpHa® to eliminate phytotoxic levels of Al, Mn and Fe was found to be comparable in effectiveness to typical rates of lime application, but with the advantage of minimal application cost, as the low application rate required (2 L/ha) can be incorporated into fertiliser or (reduced) lime applications. Standard soil testing of commercial farms involves combining 15-20 soil cores from a given paddock to determine the "average" pH. As well as underestimating the mean pH, this method gives no information regarding micro-variability of soil pH in the pasture root zone. Over 25% of the pasture root zone was found to have pH levels 0.3 to 0.6 lower than the true average, the therefore susceptible to metal toxicity. Commercial laboratory testing of individual cores would be uneconomic. The in-field direct measurement of soil (damp) pH using the antimony (Sb) electrode was found to be a very convenient and robust technique for assessing variability. The benefits of more accurate identification of metal toxicity risk coupled with the potential of a more cost-effective method of amelioration are discussed. Keywords: metal toxicities, Al, Mn, Fe toxicity treatment, alternatives to liming, acid soils under pastures, pH variability in pastures, urine patch pH effects, AlpHa®, carboxylate co-polymers
Evaluating the predictive ability of a mechanistic model of nitrogen partitioning applied to lactating dairy cows consuming ryegrass-based diets
Authors: Vibart R.E. , Li F.Y. , Vogeler I. , Cichota R.
Published: June 2020

The ability to understand and predict ruminant nitrogen (N) partitioning has become important as concerns over the environmental impact of pastoral agriculture increase. A mechanistic model of N partitioning from dairy cows consuming ryegrass was used to quantify the amount of N secreted in milk, urine, and faeces, and retained in body tissues. Data from lactating dairy cows (13 N balance experiments) were used to evaluate the model. Predictions for milk, urinary, faecal, and total excreta N were in agreement with observed values. Empirical models have been successful in predicting N partitioning from ruminants, but such approaches lack the underlying biological processes and may not apply to all observed values. An improved representation of the underlying mechanisms of N partitioning and the possibility of identifying areas where knowledge is lacking was achieved by the use of the current mechanistic model. Keywords: Nitrogen, milk N, urinary N, faecal N, empirical, mechanistic.
Sensible Farming on Sensitive and Steep Land - A Catchment Management Approach in Tauranga Harbour
Authors: Hall D.R.
Published: June 2020

Sedimentation of Tauranga Harbour was identified as the top environment issue in a 2006 environmental report. Research has indicated that 63.7% of the sediment yield from the 98 641 hectares of contributing catchments of the southern harbour was from pasture that covers only 34.7% of the catchment area. Bay of Plenty Regional Council has developed and implemented a catchment management framework to work alongside farmers and the rural community to address the issue. The approach involved firstly gaining accurate data, including modelling sediment movement and accurately "ground-truthing" 2190 km of waterways in 28 subcatchments. It included data analysis for Land Use Capability (LUC), erosion risk, land cover, existing protection status of land, as well as developing an effective communications plan to engage landowners. A perception survey was also undertaken to determine what farmers understood of their environmental responsibility and what the drivers for change were. Council now has a much better understanding of land cover, current land use, the community concerns and their knowledge of issues in Tauranga Harbour. This has enabled a more focused catchment management approach and better use of funds to support riparian protection and land use change. Keywords: Catchment, sedimentation, riparian, erosion
Critical success factors when going global: the basic challenge
Authors: Rowarth J.S. , Scott A.P. , Macdonald T.O.R. , Wilson S.C. , Scrimgeour F.G.
Published: June 2020

The Government's Growth Agenda is to increase the ratio of exports to GDP from the current 30% to 40% by 2025. New Zealand agribusinesses of all types are being urged to use knowledge and expertise overseas to increase export revenue in order to assist with achieving the agenda. Over the last two decades there have been numerous attempts to "go global" with varied success. There have also been a considerable number of commissioned reports on how companies should proceed. Pastoral farmers rely on their processors and marketers to return an income to their business, but some co-operatives and companies are more successful than others. This paper gives the background for the case studies in the three papers which follow comparing (a) export strategies for dairy companies, (b) increasing suppliers/customers for co-operative companies and (c) taking New Zealand knowledge and expertise in farming systems offshore. Keywords: Export, relationships, supply-chain, value-add
The impact of farming without nitrogen fertiliser for ten years on pasture yield and composition, milksolids production and profitability; a research farmlet comparison
Authors: Glassey C.B. , Roach C.G. , Lee J.M. , Clark D.A.
Published: June 2020

Two experimental farmlets were established in the 2001/02 season and run continuously to 2010/11, comparing the impact of two nitrogen (N) fertiliser systems on milksolids (MS) production, profitability and the yield and composition of ryegrass-white clover pastures. Treatments were: 1) No-N. No N fertiliser applied, stocking rate 2.56 cow equivalents/ha (including replacements); 2) Control. Average of 181 kg N/ha/year applied as urea, stocking rate 3.06 cows/ ha (replacements grazed off farm). Annual pasture production was, on average, 2.9 t DM/ha greater on the Control farmlet compared with the No-N farmlet (P
Using data from large scale farming operations to understand the importance of feeding the ewe to improve whole farm performance
Authors: Stevens D.R. , Young G.
Published: June 2020

The collection and use of data from large scale farming operations provided significant insights into drivers of sheep performance. These drivers included minimum two-tooth liveweight at tupping, ewe condition and pasture cover at lambing and the importance of weaning weight on whole farm performance. Using this data to demonstrate the influence of management decisions resulted in an increase in average lamb liveweight gain between birth and weaning of approximately 20 g/day in Landcorp Farming Ltd East Coast flocks over the 4 years of monitoring. Lambing percentage was harder to change, though individual farms increased lambing percentage by up to 35% by concentrating on increasing feed allocation and maintaining ewe body condition score during winter. Low liveweight in some two-tooth ewes was inversely related to the percentage of dries in a flock and prompted more emphasis on growing replacement stock. The programme shifted focus from short-term tactical feeding and management decisions to long-term strategies such as stock and sales policies that placed the breeding flock as the major priority. Keywords: breeding ewes, data, lambing percentage, lambs, liveweight gain, whole flock analysis.
Robotic urine-patch treatment and effluent application - technology to support intensification of New Zealand dairy farming while protecting the environment
Authors: Bates G. , Quin B.F.
Published: June 2020

The need to minimise nitrate leaching and gaseous N losses from dairy farming is increasing; simultaneously dairy farming is undergoing rapid intensification. Robotic targeted application of nitrification and/or urease inhibitors is proposed as a route to addressing the "urine-patch" issue without risking milk contamination. This paper demonstrates a new robotic product under development and scheduled for commercial release for the 2015/2016 dairy season. The paper then discusses two developments of the product that will enable (i) highly-efficient fluidised-N application, and (ii) effluent application. These new products have the potential to greatly reduce nitrate leaching and gaseous N losses from dairy farming. Keywords: robotic urine-patch treatment, nitrogen (N) losses, N inhibitors, effluent management, robotic effluent spreading, robotic fertiliser spreading
Exploring options to reduce nitrogen leaching while maintaining profitability within a Canterbury farm business comprising several distinct enterprises
Authors: Beukes Pierre C , Chikazhe Taisekwa , Edwards J Paul
Published: June 2020

This paper reports on a study evaluating the effects of nitrogen (N) mitigations on N leaching and profitability across all hectares of a farm business consisting of a dairy platform, dairy support and beef blocks. Two different models were used, each with their own strengths and weaknesses. Mitigation options focussed on N fertiliser use, plantain-ryegrass-clover diverse pastures, cropping regime, and animal and feed movements between the blocks. A combination of less N fertiliser, replacing kale with fodder beet for wintering to reduce the crop area, an oats catch-crop following autumn-harvested fodder beet, diverse pastures on a proportion of platform and support blocks, and wintering non-pregnant cows on the beef block reduced N leaching by 19%. Profitability was not affected by these mitigations. Profitability did not increase, but N leaching did, when changing to an all-dairy business model. Nitrogen leaching reductions can be achieved if all enterprises implement some or all of these mitigations.
Comparing nitrogen management on dairy farms – Canterbury case studies
Authors: Pinxterhuis Ina B , Edwards J Paul
Published: June 2020

Five Canterbury dairy farmers participate in the Forages for Reduced Nitrate Leaching programme (FRNL) to co-develop options for less environmental impact. Farm practices were adapted and new mitigation options were implemented. To assess farm environmental performance, the Overseer model was used to estimate nitrogen (N) leaching, N surplus and N conversion efficiency (NCE) for each farm and each year. When discussing the results with farmers, it appeared that these indicators for environmental performance are limited when comparing farm management strategies. The Overseer estimates include N fixation, which is influenced by model assumptions, and N leaching, estimates that strongly depend on soil type and climate entered into the model. To enable better comparisons between farms and years, a simplified N surplus and NCE were calculated using farmer recorded N inputs and N outputs, i.e. fertiliser, imported supplement, production and exported supplements. Effects of improved management and new mitigation options are presented. Four of the farms improved their N surplus and NCE and three reduced their Overseer-estimated N leaching over 3 years (2014, 2015 and 2016).
Developing new tools for pasture plant breeding
Authors: Barrett Brent A , Faville Marty J , Ghamkhar Kioumars , Carena Marcelo J
Published: June 2020

The rate of genetic gain represented in the Forage Value Index of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is a major factor underpinning sustained profitability in pastoral farming. Effective new technologies for trait data acquisition and parent plant selection are used in many animal and crop improvement programmes to lift the rate of gain, but have yet to be developed and integrated in forage breeding. For forage improvement, hypotheses tested were: a) genomic selection (GS) offers a viable breeding strategy, and b) key enabling technologies for non-destructive, high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) in the field will improve trait data acquisition. To evaluate GS, extensive molecular marker and phenotypic datasets in structured populations of perennial ryegrass were developed. Phenotypic data for seasonal dry matter yield (DMY), the core trait in the Dairy NZ Forage Value Index, were obtained replicated field trials. Data on heading date (HD) as a useful trait to assess the efficacy of GS for simply inherited traits, were also collected. Genomic prediction models were developed for seasonal DMY and HD. Application of GS for HD was effective in selecting for both early and late heading, with movement of up to 7 days in a single generation of selection. The HTP research used iterative development of computational methods supporting a repeatable, non-invasive means of accurately and rapidly measuring DMY of perennial ryegrass in single row plots. These findings demonstrate effective genetic prediction and phenotyping approaches which may enable breeders to lift the rate of genetic gain in perennial ryegrass.
Pengembangan Industri Kreatif dari Iluminasi Naskah Kuno Pariangan: Studi Motif Batik Pariagan, Sumatra Barat
Authors: Basa Irwan Malin
Published: June 2020

Abstract: This article discussess about the creative industry development from the illumination of manuscripts in Pariangan.  This research was conducted in Pariangan for six months.  A case study approach was applied in this research with some consideration.  First,   Pariangan is called as one of the most beautiful villages in the world since 2012.  It was anounced by the most popular travel magazine in America named American Budget Travelers. Second, it has many traditional manuscripts written in Arabic, Malay and Minang language.  The manuscripts were saved in surau, in traditional houses and also as a personal collection.  Most of the the manuscripts have different beautiful illumination.  Third, to empower local people to revitalize their “lost” tradition to make the design of batik.  The result of this research shown that there were twenty five of the batik designs which performs local wisdom of Pariangan.  Until now there were 13 of the designs have been registered to the ministry of Law and Human Right of the Republic of Indonesia.  The last one is local people of Pariangan are able to make batik again.

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Abstrak: Tulisan ini membahas masalah pengembangan industri kreatif dari iluminasi naskah kuno yang ada di Pariangan, Tanah Datar, Sumatera Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode case study research dan dilaksanakan selama enam bulan.  Ada beberapa alasan untuk melaksanakan penelitian ini di Pariangan. Pertama, Pariangan adalah desa terindah di dunia menurut majalah pariwisata terkenal dari Amerika yaitu American Budget Travelers.  Kedua, Pariangan memiliki banyak naskah kuno yang memiliki ragam hias atau iluminasi yang indah dan naskah naskah tersebut masih tersimpan di surau, rumah gadang dan koleksi pribadi masyarakat.  Ketiga, untuk memberdayakan penduduk lokal tentang tradisi mereka yang pernah hilang yaitu mencelup kain.  Sebagai hasilnya, sudah tiga belas design batik yang didaftarkan sebagai Hak Cipta dan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual ke Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Azazi Manusia Republik Indonesia.  Dan yang terakhir adalah masyarakat Pariangan bisa melestarikan tradisi mereka dengan membuat batik kembali yang dulu pernah hilang.
Penyakit Lelaki: Kajian Berdasarkan Kitab-Kitab Tib Melayu Terpilih
Authors: Karim Abdul Razak Abdul
Published: June 2020

Abstract: One of the most well-known diseases in any of the scriptures is that of men. It can be said that there is no book on this issue that does not address the problem of this type of disease as most traditional practitioners are male. Therefore, men's disease is a priority and an important part of most Kitab Tib. In this paper we will discuss various men's diseases that are found in most tib books as well as the treatment methods and prohibitions that a patient should follow. In this study several books of tib are used, including the Tibetan Collection of the University of Malaya with MSS254 and MSS172, the National Library of Malaysia collection number MSS2219. Two books from Pontianak and also from Odor, Buton are also used in this research data. The selection of these manuscripts is a comparison to look at the similarities and differences between traditional medicine practitioners in dealing with men's disease. An analysis of the names of the diseases, the methods of treatment used and also the taboos found in these books of tib will be described in this paper.

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Abstrak: Salah satu daripada keuzuran atau penyakit yang popular dan banyak terdapat dalam mana-mana kitab tib ialah penyakit golongan lelaki. Boleh dikatakan tidak ada kitab tib yang tidak menyentuh masalah penyakit golongan ini memandangkan kebanyakan pengamal perubatan tradisional merupakan golongan lelaki. Oleh yang demikian, penyakit golongan lelaki menjadi keutamaan dan perkara penting dalam kebanyakan kitab-kitab tib.Dalam makalah ini akan dibincangkan pelbagai penyakit golongan lelaki yang terdapat dalam kebanyakan kitab tib dan juga kaedah rawatan serta pantang larang yang perlu dipatuhi oleh seseorang pesakit itu. Dalam kajian yang dilakukan beberapa buah kitab tib digunakan, antaranya Kitab Tib Koleksi Universiti Malaya dengan nombor MSS254 dan MSS172,  kitab tib koleksi Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia dengan nombor MSS2219. Dua buah kitab tib dari Pontianak dan juga dari Bau-bau, Buton juga digunakan dalam data kajian ini. Pemilihan naskah-naskah ini adalah sebagai perbandingan untuk melihat persamaan dan juga perbezaan pengamal perubatan tradisional dalam menangani masalah penyakit golongan lelaki. Analisis dari segi nama-nama penyakit, kaedah rawatan yang digunakan dan juga pantang larang yang terdapat dalam kitab-kitab tib ini akan dihuraikan dalam makalah ini.
Naskah Persuratan Melayu: Pemeliharaan dan Digitalisasi di Malaysia
Authors: Asyikin Nur , Normalina Normalina
Published: June 2020

Abstract: Malay manuscripts have been widely concerned through research and studies by Malaysian scholars, as well as most of the world's scholars. Finding shows that, the heritage of Malay literary contains variety of valuable knowledge and symbolizing the nation’s civilization that must be preserved for the benefit of the future generation. The Malay literary heritage documentation is important in displaying the diversity, style and genre of Malay writings and able to streamline the history of Malay knowledge, especially in Malay literature. This led to encourage efforts in ensuring this valuable copies remain conserve through preservation and digitalization activities so it’s not drowning in time and circumstances, also only remain of history that is undescribed, and face various factors that can cause to damage. Researcher focused on the efforts and methods of preservation and digitization of Malay manuscripts especially in Malaysia. In addition, discussing the challenges and problems faced. This study will proposes some measures as a guide of the institutions, collectors and owners of the manuscripts that lead to the discovery of new knowledge.

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Abstrak: Naskhah persuratan Melayu telah mendapat perhatian dari segi kajian oleh para sarjana Malaysia, mahupun sebahagian besar sarjana dunia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan warisan khazanah persuratan Melayu, menyimpan pelbagai ilmu yang tidak ternilai harganya dan merupakan lambang tamadun dan peradaban bangsa yang perlu dipulihara untuk dimanfaatkan oleh generasi alaf baru. Warisan dokumentasi persuratan Melayu penting dalam menampilkan kekayaan ragam dan genre penulisan orang Melayu serta merangkaikan sejarah ilmu orang Melayu khususnya dalam persuratan Melayu. Hal ini mendorong usaha memastikan naskhah bernilai ini kekal terjaga melalui aktiviti pemuliharaan dan pendigitalan agar tidak tenggelam ditelan zaman dan keadaan, dan hanya kekal dalam lipatan sejarah yang tidak dihuraikan serta berdepan dengan pelbagai faktor yang boleh menyebabkan kerosakan. Pengkaji memberi tumpuan tentang usaha serta kaedah pemuliharaan dan pendigitalan naskhah persuratan Melayu khususnya di Malaysia. Di samping itu, membincangkan juga tentang cabaran dan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam menyelamatkan naskhah khazanah ini. Kajian dan penelitian ini mengemukakan cadangan untuk dijadikan panduan kepada institusi penyimpan dan pemilik naskhah yang membawa kepada penemuan ilmu baru.
Kurang Energi Kronik (KEK) Remaja Putri Pelajar SMU/SMK dI Kabupaten Karangasem Propinsi Bali
Authors: Suarjana Imade
Published: June 2020

The chronic energy deficiency (CED) for reproductive women in Bali is high prevalence. This is a serious problem because they will greatly determine the quality of human resources in the next generations. The purpose study is to determine the risk factors for The CED problem of senior high school students in Karangasem Regency. This study is an observational with a cross sectional design and uses statistical Mantel Haentzel chi square method to determine the significance of risk factors.The results found from fifteen factors suspected of triggering CED in girl teenagers, there were five significant factors, namely the energy intake (OR=2,101; 95% CI=1,295 - 3,409) and protein (OR=0,394; 95% CI=0.241 - 0.644); perceptions of nutrition (OR = 1,942; 95% CI = 1,197 - 3,151); physical activity (1,83; 95% CI =1,029-3,252) and body image (OR = 1,863; 95% CI = 1,133 - 3,062). The prevention of CED need to be intensified by an emphasis on healthy living behaviors that form positive body image. Efforts should also be made to improve diet by increasing the consumption of vegetables and fruits which are the main sources of micronutrient which greatly supports the metabolic processes which are known to run very fast in the period of adolescent growth.
Parent Coaching dan Aktivitas Berbasis Layar sebagai Bentuk Sedentary Behaviour pada Anak Pra Sekolah
Authors: Ludyanti Laviana Nita , Ishariani Linda
Published: June 2020

Screen-based behavior which is part of sedentary behavior arises due to various facilities from the development of science and technology. This has various impacts on growth and development in children, so it is necessary to apply parent coaching. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of parent coaching on sedentary behavior in pre-school children. This research uses quasy experimental design with a pre testpost test approach. The sample in this study were 45 respondents taken using the Purpossive Sampling Technique. This research was conducted at TK ABA III Pare Kediri. Researchers identified inactivity before and after the parent coaching intervention was given. This study uses a bivariate paired t test analysis. The results of the analysis showed a p value of 0,000 which means that there is an influence between parent coaching on impaired behavior in pre-school children.
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis L.) terhadap Penurunan Kadar Kolesterol Total Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Diabetes Induksi Aloksan
Authors: Sarel Zufarisky , Simanjuntak Kristina
Published: June 2020

Green Tea works as an anti-dyslipidemia due to chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes through its flavonoid content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of green tea extracts on reducing the total cholesterol levels of alloxan-induced diabetes Wistar rats. The study design uses true experimental. Samples were 30 Wistar strain male white rats, aged 8-12 weeks, weighing ±200 grams. Green tea extract doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight, and negative controls were given alloxan, and positive controls were given simvastatin. The treatment group except the normal group was injected with a dose of 125 mg/kg alloxan intraperitoneally and a high-fat feed. After 3 days blood from the tail was measured glucose using a glucometer and cholesterol with a spectrophotometer λ=546 nm, giving green tea extract for 16 days orally, then re-measuring blood cholesterol from the tail. The One Way Anova Test results show the effectiveness of green tea extract on reducing total cholesterol (p=0,000). The results of the Post-Hoc Bonferroni test giving green tea extract at a dose of 400 mg/kg were comparable to simvastatin (p=0.453) which best decreased total cholesterol levels close to normal values.
Pengaruh Delayed Cord Clamping terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin (HB) dan Hematokrit (HT) pada Bayi
Authors: Carolin Bunga Tiara , . Suprihatin , Damayanti Ami
Published: June 2020

The main serious problem in Indonesia is anemia, this is a major nutritional problem in children in Indonesia. The incidence of iron deficiency anemia in term infants 0-6 months is 40.8%. One of the efforts to deal with anemia in infants and toddlers is by delaying the clamping and cutting of the center because the newborn is still getting a blood transfusion from the placenta around 100 ml. The Objective to determine the effect of delaying cord clamping and cutting on hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht) levels in infants at Utama Anny Rahardjo Clinic. This research is an experimental research with posttest only control group design. The population in this study were all babies born from May - July 2019. Sampling in the study with purposive sampling so that 15 respondents were obtained as the control group and 15 respondents as the experimental group. Data analysis uses independent t-test. The mean Hb and Ht levels of the control group were 15.033 gr/dl and 46.25% and the mean in the experimental group was 19.332 gr/dl for Hb and Ht 59.11%. The results of the analysis by independent t-test obtained a significance value 0,000. The Conclusion there are differences in Hb and Ht levels in infants with immediate and delayed cord cutting and clamping.
Efektifitas Terapi Murottal Al-Quran Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di RSUD Dr.Rasidin Padang
Authors: Sartika Wiwi , Lidya Metri , Doni Alsri Windra
Published: June 2020

The condition of high and uncontrolled high blood sugar levels in Diabetes Mellitus patients increases the risk of other diseases, such as; heart attacks, strokes, blindness, kidney failure, gangrene, and even death. Various studies state that there is a relationship between Murottal Al-Qur'an therapy with the stability of blood sugar. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of Murottal Al-Qur'an on Blood Sugar Levels of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Rasyidin District Hospital, Padang City in 2019. Interventions were conducted during August until September 2019. The population was inpatients diagnosed with Type 2 DM in RSUD Dr. Rasyidin Padang at the time of the study. A sample of 32 people consisted of a case group (given Murottal Al-Quran therapy) and a control group, each with 16 people. Data collection was carried out through observation and examination of blood sugar before and after the intervention. Data were tested by paired sample T-test. The results showed that there were differences in blood sugar levels at both the case and control groups before and after the intervention. The average blood sugar level of the patient in the case group was more controlled, namely 173.94 mg / dl (GDS <200) compared to the control group, namely 226.69 mg / dl (GDS> 200 mg / dl). Murottal Al-Quran therapy can be used as an alternative to maintain blood sugar stability for people with diabetes.
Isotope Effect is the Paradigm of A Non-accelerator Study of the Residual Nuclear Strong Interaction
Authors: Plekhanov VG
Published: June 2020

Artificial activation of the strong interaction by adding of one neutron to the nucleus causes the global reconstruction of the macroscopic characteristics of solids. The experimental evidence of macroscopic manifestation of the strong interaction in optical spectra of solids which are different by term of one neutron from each other (using LiD crystals instead of LiH) has been presented. This evidence is directly seen from luminescence (reflection) and scattering spectra. As far as the gravitation, electromagnetic and weak interactions are the same in both of kind crystals, it only emerges the strong interaction in deuterium nucleus. Therefore a sole conclusion is made that the renormalization of the energy of electromagnetic excitations (electrons, excitons, phonons) is carried out by the strong nuclear interaction. There is a common place in Standard Model of modern physics that the strong nuclear force does not act on leptons. Our experimental results show the violation of this strong conclusion. The necessity to take into account the more close relation between quantum chromodynamics and quantum electrodynamics is underlined. In the first step the quantum electrodynamics should be taken into account the strong interaction at the description of elementary excitations (electrons, excitons, phonons) dynamics in solids. Our experimental results may shed light on a number of fundamental puzzles in modern physics, particularly on the unification of forces.
IMAGENS, ADAPTAÇÕES E INCLUSÃO
Authors: Machado Ledo Vaccaro , Segadas-Vianna Claudia
Published: June 2020

A assunção de uma sociedade inclusiva impõe que se viabilize a participação de pessoas com deficiência visual em avaliações públicas, e uma das formas dessa viabilidade é a assistência de um Ledor, um profissional que lê essas avaliações públicas. O desenvolvimento de tecnologias ligadas à produção e impressão das provas das avaliações públicas reconfigurou o perfil dessas provas, dandolhes grande apelo visual através do uso de imagens e aumentando a complexidade das ações do Ledor. Na esteira dessa complexidade surge a prova de Ledor, uma versão adaptada da prova convencional na qual as imagens são descritas. Analisamos as adaptações para Ledor das provas de Matemática do ENEM e do nível 3 da OBMEP dos anos de 2016, 2017 e 2018, objetivando averiguar a equivalênciaentre a prova convencional e a versão do Ledor. Nesse artigo, destacamos as observações referentes à análise das adaptações de imagens. A complexidade e os limites dessas adaptações levam-nos a questionar se as adaptações são consonantes com os princípios de construção de uma sociedade inclusiva.
PENSAMENTO GEOMÉTRICO: EM BUSCA DE UMA CARACTERIZAÇÃO À LUZ DE FISCHBEIN, DUVAL E PAIS
Authors: Costa André Pereira da
Published: June 2020

Este artigo, de natureza teórica, tem por objetivo construir uma caracterização de pensamento geométrico. Em nosso entendimento, esse texto é importante visto que não há uma unanimidade entre os estudiosos acerca de como se constitui essa forma de pensar em Matemática. Nessa direção, decidimos elaborar uma caracterização dessa instância de pensamento tendo por base as discussões teóricas de Efraim Fischbein, Raymond Duval e Luiz Carlos Pais, três autores que realizaram pesquisas relevantes sobre o assunto. Assim, concluímos que o pensamento geométrico é a capacidade mental de construir conhecimentos geométricos, de aplicar de modo coerente os instrumentos geométricos na resolução de problemas. É a capacidade de compreender a natureza dos fenômenos e inferir sobre eles, de identificar e perceber a importância da Geometria como uma ferramenta para entendimento do mundo físico e como um modelo matemático para compreensão do mundo teórico.
DESAFIOS NO ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA CATARINENSE ENTRE AS DÉCADAS DE 1970 E 1990
Authors: Maier Lidiane Tania Ronsoni , Richit Adriana
Published: June 2020

O ensino da Matemática em escolas públicas de santa Catarina, especialmente na região Oeste, foi historicamente marcado por desafios e limites de natureza diversa, sobretudo nas escolas situadas em zonas afastadas dos centros urbanos. Além disso, o desenvolvimento da educação superior na referida região também foi lento, aspecto esse que limitava as possibilidades de formação à docência daqueles que aspiravam ingressar na profissão. Face a isto, interessamo-nos em investigar os desafios enfrentados por professoras de matemática da educação básica da 4.ª Gerência de Educação de Santa Catarina, entre as décadas de 1970 a 1990, como forma de produzir uma perspectiva histórica sobre o ensino da matemática na referida região, evidenciando aspectos de natureza distinta que marcaram este processo no período citado. Para tanto, realizamos entrevistas com cinco professoras que atuavam em escolas da rede pública estadual à época, guiando-nos pelos pressupostos teóricometodológicosda História Oral. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e textualizadas,constituindo o documento-base do estudo. Como resultados evidenciamos desafios de três naturezas: desafios na formação, profissão e ensino de matemática. Por fim, o estudo pode constituir-se em fontehistórica, que embasa uma versão da história do ensino em Santa Catarina, fundamentada na narrativa das vivências das professoras.
ANÁLISE DAS DEMANDAS COGNITIVAS NAS TAREFAS DE PROBABILIDADE PROPOSTAS EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DOS PRIMEIROS ANOS DE ESCOLARIZAÇÃO
Authors: Santana Michaelle R. M. de , Fernandes José  António , Borba Rute Elizabete de S. R.
Published: June 2020

Dos vários materiais didáticos que configuram as práticas educativas, os materiais curriculares, em particular os livros didáticos, desempenham um papel preponderante nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. O objetivo geral deste estudo é compreender como é explorado o conceito de probabilidade em livros didáticos dos anos iniciais de escolarização. Como objetivos específicos, salientam-se: identificar as tarefas de probabilidade presentes nos livros; verificar quais demandas cognitivas estão presentes e identificar o tipo de experiência aleatória implicada nas tarefas e o tipo de contexto em que as tarefas foram formuladas. Foram analisadas quatro coleções de livros didáticos, aprovadas no Plano Nacional do Livro Didático 2016. Na análise foram identificadas 69 tarefas de probabilidade presentes nos livros do 1º ao 5º ano, tendo-se evidenciado que os livros didáticos orientam para a aprendizagem da probabilidade partindo das noções de aleatoriedade, perpassando pelo levantamento dos resultados de experimentos aleatórios e pela avaliação de probabilidades.Evidenciou-se, ainda, que nas tarefas identificadas nas coleções não se contempla o estudo da associação entre variáveis, outro aspecto importante no desenvolvimento do pensamento probabilístico. Finalmente, verificou-se a predominância de tarefas envolvendo experiências simples e formuladas no contexto de jogos de sorte e azar.
O NASCIMENTO DA DISCIPLINA DE MATEMÁTICA COMERCIAL E FINANCEIRA NO BRASIL (1905-1970)
Authors: Neto Sérgio Candido de Gouveia
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como se deu o nascimento e a estabilização da disciplina de Matemática Comercial e Financeira no Brasil, relativos às quase sete primeiras décadas do século XX. Para atingir tal objetivo, utilizamos como fontes livros, textos legislativos e outros documentos sugeridos por Chervel (1990), ao trazer, em seu trabalho, reflexões sobre a história das disciplinas escolares como campo de pesquisa. Os resultados mostram que a disciplina de Matemática Comercial e Financeira teve como uma raiz, a disciplina de Aritmética dos cursoscomerciais, criados no início do século XX.
CARTAS DE REMY FREIRE PARA NEWTON DA COSTA
Authors: Neto Antonio Peixoto de Araujo , Trivizoli Lucieli M.
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho de cunho qualitativo está inserido em uma pesquisa de doutorado finalizada em dezembro de 2019 no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação para a Ciência e a Matemática (PCM) da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM). Na referida pesquisa o foco foiinvestigar, historicamente, aspectos profissionais, a produção acadêmica do português João Remy Teixeira Freire (Remy Freire) e as suas contribuições para a Matemática e a Educação Matemática no Paraná. Para este texto, temos por objetivo explorar as correspondências de Remy Freire para Newton da Costa. Para tanto, utilizamos a pesquisa documental para embasar metodologicamente a transcrição e a análise de dez cartas de Remy Freire para Newton da Costa. As cartas estão localizadas dentre os documentos do Fundo Newton Carneiro Affonso da Costa sob responsabilidade dos Arquivos Históricos do Centro de Lógica, Epistemologia e História da Ciência da Universidade de Campinas (UNICAMP). De acordo com as nossas análises, observamos um perfil crítico, político e multifacetado de Remy Freire, no que tange nosso olhar para o cenário brasileiro e português da época e as múltiplas áreas de domínio de estudos e de sua atuação profissional.
The Role of Weight Management as First-line Treatment Modality in Obstructive Sleep Apnea of Obese Patients
Authors: Baser Duygu Ayhan , Baser Serdar , Selcuk Adin
Published: June 2020

Aim: Weight loss has been shown to improve obstructive sleep apnea and is considered the first choice of treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the weight-management strategies and the relationship between the weight loss and obstructive sleep apnea on obese patients.

Methods: A prospective study was applied on consecutive 50 patients with obstructive sleep apnea whose body mass indexes over 25. The first part of questionnaire form and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores was applied to patients by face to face interviews at first visit between November 2017 and May 2018. All of the patients who applied to the snoring policlinic were offered weight loss. The second part of questionnaire form and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores was applied to patients after 3 months later and the weights 3 months after weight loss recommendation were also recorded. For the statistical analysis, SPSS 15.0 program was used.

Results: All patients were offered to lose weight. 26% of them had only diet; 12% had only exercise and 12% had both diet and exercise. 50% of the patients did nothing to lose weight. 76.9% of the dieters; 100% of the exercisers and 83.3% of those who did diet and exercise, lost weight. There was a statistically significant difference between beginning and control (after 3 months) body mass indexes and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores of the patients.

Conclusion: When weight loss is considered as the patient's attempt, along with the pursuance and maintenance, its compliance is high. Although the number of sample in our study was not suitable for generalization, we confirmed that weight loss had a positive effect on obstructive sleep apnea.

Keywords: sleep apnea syndromes, weight loss, obesity
Synthesis and Evaluation of Dodecaboranethiol Containing Kojic Acid (KA-BSH) as a Novel Agent for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
Authors: Takeuchi Koji , Hattori Yoshihide , Kawabata Shinji , Futamura Gen , Hiramatsu Ryo , Wanibuchi Masahiko , Tanaka Hiroki , Masunaga Shin-ichiro , Ono Koji , Miyatake Shin-Ichi , Kirihata Mitsunori
Published: June 2020

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a form of tumor-cell selective particle irradiation using low-energy neutron irradiation of boron-10 (10B) to produce high-linear energy transfer (LET) alpha particles and recoiling 7Li nuclei (10B [n, alpha] 7Li) in tumor cells. Therefore, it is important to achieve the selective delivery of large amounts of 10B to tumor cells, with only small amounts of 10B to normal tissues. To develop practical materials utilizing 10B carriers, we designed and synthesized novel dodecaboranethiol (BSH)-containing kojic acid (KA-BSH). In the present study, we evaluated the effects of this novel 10B carrier on cytotoxicity, 10B concentrations in F98 rat glioma cells, and micro-distribution of KA-BSH in vitro. Furthermore, biodistribution studies were performed in a rat brain tumor model. The tumor boron concentrations showed the highest concentrations at 1 h after the termination of administration. Based on these results, neutron irradiation was evaluated at the Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI) with KA-BSH. Median survival times (MSTs) of untreated and irradiated control rats were 29.5 and 30.5 days, respectively, while animals that received KA-BSH, followed by neutron irradiation, had an MST of 36.0 days (p = 0.0027, 0.0053). Based on these findings, further studies are warranted in using KA-BSH as a new B compound for malignant glioma.
Identification of Cold Spots Using Non-Destructive Hyperspectral Imaging Technology in Model Food Processed by Coaxially Induced Microwave Pasteurization and Sterilization
Authors: Soni Aswathi , Al-Sarayreh Mahmoud , Reis Marlon M. , Smith Jeremy , Tong Kris , Brightwell Gale
Published: June 2020

The model food in this study known as mashed potato consisted of ribose (1.0%) and lysine (0.5%) to induce browning via Maillard reaction products. Mashed potato was processed by Coaxially Induced Microwave Pasteurization and Sterilization (CiMPAS) regime to generate an F0 of 6–8 min and analysis of the post-processed food was done in two ways, which included by measuring the color changes and using hyperspectral data acquisition. For visualizing the spectra of each tray in comparison with the control sample (raw mashed-potato), the mean spectrum (i.e., mean of region of interest) of each tray, as well as the control sample, was extracted and then fed to the fitted principal component analysis model and the results coincided with those post hoc analysis of the average reflectance values. Despite the presence of a visual difference in browning, the Lightness (L) values were not significantly (p < 0.05) different to detect a cold spot among a range of 12 processed samples. At the same time, hyperspectral imaging could identify the colder trays among the 12 samples from one batch of microwave sterilization.
Introducing Risk Considerations into the Supply Chain Network Design
Authors: Benedito Ernest , Martínez-Costa Carme , Rubio Sergio
Published: June 2020

Supply chains (SC) aim to provide products to the final customer at a certain service level. However, unforeseen events occur that impede supply chain objectives. SC Risk has been studied in the literature, providing frameworks and methodologies to manage SC failures. Nevertheless, more efforts are needed to prevent hazardous and disruptive risks and their consequences. These risks must be considered during the process of designing a supply chain. Some methodological contributions concerning risk in the supply chain network design (SCND) are conceptual frameworks for mitigating SC disruptions, which suggest strategies and measures for designing robust and resilient SCs. Although such contributions are valuable, they do not indicate how to cope with risk when designing a SC. The main objective of this research is to describe a methodology aimed at including risk considerations into the SCND. Our proposal aims to be, on the one hand, a comprehensive approach that includes a risk identification and assessment procedure in each of the stages of the SCND process and, on the other hand, a tool for decision-making in SC design or redesign processes when SC risks need to be considered. The methodology proposed is an extension of a SCND methodology including risk considerations in order to improve the performance of the supply chains. A case study illustrates how the proposed methodological works, achieving the identification of SC risks already observed in previous works.