bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Environmental Policy Integration in Ukraine and the EU
Authors: Golovko Liudmyla , Yara Olena , Kutsevych Maksym , Hubanova Tamara
Published: December 2019

The purpose of our scholarly work is to explore actual problems of harmonization of legislation of Ukraine in the sphere of environmental policy integration with EU law and development of proposals for the improvement of Ukrainian legislation. The state of environmental policy integration in Ukraine was assessed. Government strategies, programmes, concepts and plans in Ukraine and EU were analyzed. Based on comparison analysis differences and common problems of environmental policy integration in Ukraine and EU member states were determined and recommendations on the measures to be taken to ensure better integration of environmental policies in sectoral policies in Ukraine were made. Keywords: environmental policy integration, sustainable development, strategic environmental assessment
Criminal Enforcement of Copyright as an Important Safeguard for Economic and Security Interests
Authors: Vasiu Ioana , Vasiu Lucian
Published: December 2019

Copyright industries represent an important part of the developed economies. The effective protection of copyright fulfills an important role in the advancement of innovation and economic development. However, in the digital economy, the protection of copyrighted works poses numerous and very difficult challenges. The protected works usually targeted by criminals are computer programs, motion pictures, video games, and musical compositions. The estimated or actual harm to copyright owners can amount to billions of dollars. Moreover, these offenses are sometimes perpetrated in connection with other crimes, such as conspiracy to commit racketeering or money laundering. This paper argues that criminal enforcement of copyright can be an important safeguard of economic and information security interests. The paper discusses essential aspects regarding the criminal protection of copyright in the United States. Based on a theoretically-informed, yet empirically-driven approach, which takes into account a large corpus of data, consisting mostly of cases brought to courts of law, the paper discusses the main aspects of the phenomenon. Finally, the paper proposes a number of measures that would improve the protection copyrighted works. Keywords: Copyright, Economic Development, Cybercrime, Infringement, Security, Loss
Co-operative Investment Policy as a Tool to Accelerate the Entrepreneurship and Improve the Poverty Condition in Bangladesh
Authors: Kamrul Alam Raju Mohammad , Hossain Md. Nazmul , Al Humssi Ahmad
Published: December 2019

Bangladesh is one of the poorest countries in the world with low GDP/capita and minimum purchasing power. A third of the total population (24.3%) lives below the national poverty line ($2/day) while a half of them do live in extreme poverty level ($1.25). It’s now a national issue as high rate of poverty is the cause of permanent economic downturn and socio-economic depression in Bangladesh. Many policies have been applied by government and NGOs since its independent in 1971 to alleviate the poverty but no policy has brought a remarkable outcome. The main purpose of the study is to examine the causes for high rate of poverty in Bangladesh and insufficiency of the government agencies that are working to alleviate the poverty and propose innovative approaches to growth of entrepreneurship to bring sustainable economic growth and improve the poverty condition. The study is based on structural and semi-structural questionnaires and face to face interview. A total of 60 structural and same numbers of semi-structural questionnaires were given to 100 recipients of various age, sex, education, profession and economic levels regarding the factors to get feedback. In this research, a cooperative investment policy and a government action plan have been drawn up based on coordination between the various agencies, which allow the impoverished section of the population to save and invest collectively in order to involve them in entrepreneurship to lift themselves out of the poverty cycle and bring sustainable development. The aim of the research involving the impoverished population to entrepreneurship through co-operative investment policy and promoted government mechanisms to improve the poverty condition in Bangladesh. Search tasks: *To examine the major reasons for the high rate of poverty in Bangladesh. *To explore the impacts of entrepreneurship to accelerate the economic growth and improve the poverty condition in Bangladesh. *To discover the most effective ways to involve the impoverished population to entrepreneurship. *To develop a co-operative investment policy and an integrated government strategy covering all financial, administrative, supervisory and regulatory aspects that will regulate the state's action to accelerate the entrepreneurship and achieve economic growth. Subject of the research cooperative investment policy and improved government mechanism for poverty reduction in Bangladesh through entrepreneurship growth. Object of the research the rate of poverty, entrepreneurship. Keywords: Impoverished Population, Co-operative Investment Policy, Entrepreneurship, Government Performance, Sustainable Development.
Welfare Policy of Professors and Academic Excellence for National Development in Nigerian Universities: Cost Implication Analysis
Authors: Azende Terungwa , Iorpev Luper , Ayoor Ivungu John
Published: December 2019

This paper is to explore the relationship between welfare of professors and academic excellence in Nigerian universities for national development with emphasis on cost implications. A survey design was adopted for this study. Pearson Correlation was used in analyzing the collected data to test whether or not there is any relationship between one set of variable and another. Findings reveal that lack of welfare for professors have a significant and negative influence on academic excellence and cost management in Nigerian universities. This paper recommends that universities should have a clear and standing policy on welfare of professors and other academic staff so as to enhance academic excellence and also save cost in running the university. Keywords: Welfare Policy, Nigerian Universities, Professors, Cost Implication
The Impact of Microfinance Banks on the Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises in Lagos Metropolis
Authors: Aladejebi Olufemi
Published: December 2019

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a major role in the Nigerian economy, especially in terms of Employment, growth, productivity, and poverty alleviation. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of Microfinance Banks (MFB) on the growth of SMEs in Lagos metropolis The data for this study was collected via questionnaires given to the owners of SMEs that had accounts with microfinance banks in Lagos metropolis. Out of 209 questionnaires distributed, 205 were viable and analyzed using the SPSS package. The questionnaire contained 2 sections. Section 1 for general information while section 2 contains questions on effects of micro-savings on financial performance, effects of microcredit on the financial performance of the SMEs, effects of training on the financial performance of the SMEs and financial performance. The outcome revealed that the savings among SMEs are encouraging because of higher interest rates compared to deposit banks, faster loan disbursement, failure of MFBs to conduct training for SMEs, while the majority of SMEs experienced financial growth using MFB products. Keywords: Small business, Microfinance banks, SME growth, Lagos metropolis
Stakeholder Engagement and Responsible Research & Innovation in promoting Sustainable Development and Empowerment through ICT
Authors: Wakunuma Kutoma , Jiya Tilimbe
Published: December 2019

ICT plays a significant role in both developed and developing countries across the globe. ICTs are also seen as playing an important role in achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).  In particular, their importance is seen in terms of achieving sustainable development in the areas of health, education, social inclusion, global partnership and empowerment, among others. However, much ground cannot be made without creating and involving communities and networks that will support the sustainable use and development of ICT in emerging and developing countries. One concept that advocates for the inclusion of communities and establishment of networks around the use and development of ICT is Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). At the core of RRI is the engagement of different stakeholders within communities and networks that are involved with ICT development in emerging and developing countries to ensure sustainable development. Using stakeholder theory, we introduce the work being conducted in the Responsible Research and Innovation Networked Globally (RRING) project to highlight the important role of stakeholders as part of RRI in the use and development of ICTs in emerging and developing countries. In particular, we will discuss how stakeholder engagement as part of RRI can be understood in an emerging country like India, specifically through our discussion of a women’s artisan handicraft centre known as Gramshree in the heart of Ahmedabad, India. We aim to highlight aspects of stakeholder engagement, the role of stakeholders in implementing ICTs in women’s sustainable development and empowerment. The aim is to showcase how sustainable development and empowerment could be achieved through the formation of a community network around ICT use and development. Keywords: Sustainable Development, Responsible Research and Innovation, ICT, Women Empowerment, Stakeholder Engagement
The Implementation of Buen Vivir in Ecuador: An Analysis of the Stakeholders’ Discourses
Authors: Marchand Lucile , Hérault Mathilde
Published: December 2019

Buen vivir is a central notion in Ecuador and was introduced in its Constitution in 2008. On the individual level, this notion describes a multidimensional form of well-being, integrating strong cultural and ecological aspects based on indigenous communities’ knowledge. On the national scale, buen vivir is the key notion of public policies and justifies an intervention of the state in all dimensions of sustainable development. The implementation of buen vivir in a developing country as Ecuador raises questions about multiple social and economic aspects. The aim of this paper is to identify all of these challenges that such a transition implies. To do so, this paper uses a qualitative and multidimensional approach based on 40 semi-directive interviews with stakeholders of the policy implementation of buen vivir. The interview grid was divided into four parts: (i) individual characteristics, (ii) definition and implementation of buen vivir, (iii) the extractivism in Ecuador and (iv) the challenges of the transition between two models of development. The preliminary results identify two major challenges. Firstly, the main challenge is the governance of this major transition and the issue of corruption in Ecuador. Secondly, these interviews show that education is the most central dimension to implement buen vivir correctly. Keywords: Buen vivir, discourse’s analysis, extractivism
Is Listed Corporates Financial Performance Vulnerable? ROE Factors measurement Using DuPont Formula
Authors: Ricordel Pascal , Majlath Melinda
Published: December 2019

It’s been 10 years since the last financial crisis, and the rising in stock market price along with record dividends raises deep concerns about the sustainability of listed corporate financial performance. Has the narrow logic of shareholder value been compromising long term financial performance leading to a financial crisis? We question here the DuPont equation to track financial performance drivers over time for discussing about its vulnerability. A disaggregated five-steps DuPont equation is used to set up following drivers: operational profitability, asset turnover, leverage multiplier, interest and fiscal burden. We draw a statistical analysis of those drivers with a panel data of 43 international non-financial corporates from France, Germany, Hungary and Italy between 2012 and 2017. The results stress the role of fiscal burden, interest burden and operational profit as the main ROE driver. Leverage multiplier driver, consensually considered as more financially vulnerable, has played an astonishing negative role. The drop in asset turnover is however the more worried signal as this factor is the most sustainable. Keywords: ROE components, DuPont equation, Financial sustainability, Listed corporate performance, Financial reporting
Higher Education Institutions as a Transformation Platform under the Sustainable Development Goals Framework
Authors: López López Inés , Bote Marcos , Rives Longinos Marín , Bañón Alicia Rubio
Published: December 2019

Previous research has highlighted the critical role of Higher Education Institutions (HEI) in promoting sustainability. In this vein, HEI, as a driving force of change, should actively participate in the diffusion and dissemination of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) proposed by the United Nations. Thus, HEI must boost SDGs attainment both internally, through research, teaching, arts, and curricular programs, and externally, by providing a platform where different stakeholders such as firms, NGOs, public administrations, professional associations, trade unions… meet and create strategic alliances. A Spanish university has implemented a two-year project where different actors (faculties, students, NGO’s, private companies, public administration, professional associations, trade unions,…) are already working jointly in the pursuit of the SDGs. The aim of this project is two-fold. First, we intend to increase awareness of the SDGs among members of the university and, second, we want to exert an effective social impact by promoting intervention activities proposed by NGO’s and schools. Lectures, art exhibitions, workshops, volunteering programs,… enable tackling the SDGs in focus from different perspectives and contribute to their achievement. As a result, we expect more favorable attitudes towards the SDGs and a behavioral change among university members and citizens in general. Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals, Higher Education Institutions, multi-stakeholders partnership, transformation platform
Culture as Fourth Pillar of Sustainable Development: Perspectives for Integration, Paradigms of Action
Authors: Sabatini Francesca
Published: December 2019

The paper explores the relationship between culture and sustainable development. In particular, it advocates the introduction of cultural sustainability as a fourth pillar of sustainable development. A first section explores the existing research on the topic, and focuses on the notion of culture itself and how it should be intended in the context of sustainable development. Then, the existing debate over culture’s position among the three pillars of sustainable development is presented. In the second section, the issue of assessing sustainability in cultural policies is addressed. The proposed approach suggests the interconnection of economic, societal and artistic dimensions of evaluation, thus going beyond the instrumental view of culture which is common in the sustainability discourse. Culture-driven sustainable development is presented in the third section: policies concerning the use of tangible heritage, the development of cultural districts and participatory practices for the performing arts are analysed; their ability to combine artistic merit and positive impacts on the other dimensions of sustainable development is eventually assessed. Conclusively, cultural policies and practices prove able to generate sustainable growth at all levels, not least the creative and artistic one; as a consequence culture can be fully considered a fourth pillar of sustainable development.
The Influence of Governance and Ownership on CSR Practices in Romania
Authors: Lelia Voinea Cosmina , Fratostiteanu Cosmin , Romein Bas
Published: December 2019

Ownership structure represents the distribution of equity with regard to votes and capital but also by the identity of the equity owners. These structures are of major importance in corporate governance because they determine the incentives of managers and thereby the economic efficiency of the corporations they manage. This papers analyzes the relationship between governance, ownership structure and CSR practices among companies in Romania. The results of this study allows corporates and the public to formulate a well substantiated opinion on the way particular organizations carry out their businesses in Romania regarding CSR where CSR practices reflect culture and are partially county and ownership specific. The CSR practices implemented in Romania may not always reflect the societal views but rather the public ownership / government views, on what is thought to be important. Keywords: governance, ownership, emerging economies, Romania, corporate social responsibility, CSR practices
CSR Communication in Problematic Sectors: The Example of Hungarian Brewers
Authors: Majláth Melinda , Ricordel Pascal
Published: December 2019

Thesis statement:  CSR reputation indices (like MSC KLD400, Dow Jones Sustainability Index) exist in such form which exclude companies operating in ethically questionable industries like tobacco, gambling, nuclear power, adult entertainment or alcoholic drinks.  However, drinking alcohol is a very important part of the culture and is a tradition in many European countries (for socializing and as a gift) even if in some cases it has very ambivalent judgment. Alcohol addiction, domestic violence, traffic accidents, serious health problems mean a real burden on the society. So the main question is how these companies try to legitimize their behaviour through their CSR actions? Methodology: Structured, qualitative comparison of the CSR communication of the four biggest Hungarian brewers has been made.  Information provided on the homepage is tested as the main and most easily available source for concerned customers. Results: Significant difference can be seen among the examined brewers in their CSR activities and its communication. Some breweries which are subsidiaries of big international companies have CSR policy at corporate level but they are not actually translated it into local initiatives. The increased amount of alcohol-free beer offered and sold is a positive trend. Conclusions and Implications:   Proving legitimacy of their activity is the central element of CSR communication, but responsibility-taking is mainly perceived as a role of the consumer or the employees but not for the company itself. Keywords: Beer manufacturer, CSR, qualitative research, ethical responsibility
The Stage of Corporate Social Responsibility in EU-CEE Countries
Authors: Arraiano Irene Guia , Hategan Camelia Daniela
Published: December 2019

In the European Union, the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility reporting is increasing, because 2017 is the year in which the CSR reporting of large companies passes from the voluntary to the mandatory stage according to the requirements of the European Directive 2014/95/EU. In this context, this paper aims to examine the stage of Corporate Social Responsibility in Central and Eastern European Countries members of European Union, in accordance with Global Reporting Initiative which is consistent with globally recognised criteria worldwide, in the period 2002-2018. A critical analysis of the quality of the reporting was performed, looking at whether it has improved over the previous year and whether it respects legal requirements, and whether the communicated information is useful to the stakeholders. Base on literature review it was found that there is a gap of Corporate Social Responsibility’s reporting research to Western European countries. The results show that the evolution of reporting practices has improved over the years for the all countries and the most reports are prepared by multinationals companies. Thus, we can see how companies react to regulatory requirements and other government demands. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, reporting, Global Reporting Initiative, Central and Eastern European Countries, quality
Groundwater Protection as an Essential Component of Water Management in the European Union in the Light of Modern Integration Processes: Legal Aspects of the Problem
Authors: Iefremova Iryna , Lomakina Iryna , Obiiukh Nataliia
Published: December 2019

In the context of exacerbation of environmental problems that are global in nature, it is necessary to assess the opportunities and development prospects of environmental policy not only at the international level, but also at the regional European level. In this regard, the focus of our article is to consider the problem of protecting groundwater as a strategic natural resource and to analyze the practice of applying European directives on water quality and protection of groundwater in EU countries. In the EU, the basic legal framework for water protection is defined in the Water Framework Directive that determines the need to develop monitoring programs and basin water management plans to improve the quality of water in the EU by the member states. However, taking into account the fact that groundwater, especially drinking artesian water, is vulnerable to pollution, improvement of the legal groundwater protection system and the search for rational groundwater protection practices implemented in the EU countries are vitally necessary. Therefore, the paper aims to explore the ways of EU legislation development in the field of water resources protection, identifying the main areas of groundwater protection and analyzing the legal means used in certain EU countries, in particular, Austria, Germany, as well as identifying priorities and objectives for Ukraine on the way to integration into the system of European water legislation. Keywords: EU legislation, groundwater, groundwater pollution, groundwater use, water management, water protection.
Implementation of International Legal Principles for Judicial Remedy Of Participants in Economical Relations as a Warranty for Sustainable Development of Ukraine
Authors: Koverznev Vadym
Published: December 2019

The article systemizes the Fundamental principles for activity of judicial authorities, which are formulated in different leading international acts and discovers their legal essence. It is proved that the implementation of the international legal principles of the judicial remedy in the national legislation of Ukraine is a warranty not only to ensure the proper protection of the rights for participants in economic relations but also the sustainable development of the entire state.The author of the article analyzes the progress in implementation of the international legal principles of judicial remedy in the national legislation of Ukraine within the framework of judicial and legal reform, which was conducted in 2016, and sets out the proposals, aimed at improving the situation in the field of extrajudicial dispute settlement (mediation). Keywords: principles of judicial remedy, sustainable development, participant in economical relations, access to court, independent court, fair trial, effectiveness of judicial protection, mediation.
Formation of the Economic and Legal Basis for the Development of Organic Farming in Ukraine Through the Prism of European Experience and Attracting Foreign Investment
Authors: Piddubna Daria , Shekhovtsova Viktoriia , Melnychuk Olha , Pypiak Mykola
Published: December 2019

The natural resources as the constituent of the natural environment and their condition are determined, which requires immediate action. The interaction of a person, his activity with the natural environment is characterized. Economic indicators, including price policy, social guarantees, protection and protection of economic activity in comparison with the international and European status are determined. The analysis of components of the environment in Ukraine is given and the legal bases for the settlement and protection of human rights and freedoms are defined. Potentially possible activities for Ukraine are outlined. The vectors of development and support from the state of Ukraine are analyzed. The direction of development of farming, which today is defined as the creation of a legal entity, with the statute, mandatory state registration, with the opening of an account in a financial institution, is determined in the framework of the current regulatory framework. Attention is drawn to the support of family forms of economic activity at the European level. In order to protect natural resources as constituents of the natural environment and components of human life, it is proposed to take measures to support and develop small and medium business entities, as well as directly owners of land plots, including land plots (shares). The prospects for the introduction of organic farming in Ukraine as an element of the state of the environment change are determined. The necessity of taking a number of economic and legal actions that will be directed not only to protect and protect the rights of citizens of Ukraine but also to meet the commitments that Ukraine has assumed through European integration will meet the generally accepted international and European requirements in the field of conducting international relations for different vectors, and also create conditions for attracting foreign investments into Ukraine.            Keywords: economic and legal basis, organic farming, European experience, foreign investment, natural resources, environment, landowners, farming, agro-chemicals and pesticides, price policy.
Trade-off between India’s Trade Promotion and its Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Gore Manasi , Annachhatre Meenal
Published: December 2019

The concept of sustainable development involves three components namely economic, social and environmental. In a developing economy like that of India, the economic sustainability demands higher growth of key economic indicators such as National income, employment generation, production, consumption and even the foreign trade. The growth of foreign trade and that of the exports are very critical for the foreign exchange reserves essential to pay for the imports in India. Trade as an engine of the economic growth thus fulfils the essential implication for economic sustainability. But in achieving this growth, economy’s environmental sustainability is at stake. This is because, the top export products of India still comprise of petroleum products (18%) , agricultural products (12%), textiles and yarns together at 11 % and chemicals (10%). All these exports in their production have immensely contributed towards environmental pollution in one way or the other. Mining for gold, silver and diamonds resulted in water pollution, Green House Gas emission, and soil erosion. Petroleum refineries are a major source of hazardous and toxic air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM).Though India’s contribution to the total world trade is yet negligible, while promoting the major exports as mentioned above the natural resources are exploited too much and thus create a threat to India’s environmental sustainability. This paper therefore advocates the need for the Green products’ exports to make India’s growth story even environmentally sustainable. Keywords: Sustainable development, Green products, Exports, Imports, Environmental Pollution
Cultural Heritage: The Forgotten Resource for Marketing and Sustainable Development of the Local Communities
Authors: Vegheș Călin
Published: December 2019

Under the slogan “Our heritage: where the past meets the future”, European Union has declared 2018 as the European Year of Cultural Heritage in an unprecedented attempt to enable people to become more interested in and involved with the cultural heritage, and to recognize its universal value and importance in the future development of the individuals, communities and societies. In spite of an increased acknowledgement and extending capitalization, the employment of the cultural heritage, in its tangible and intangible forms, as an asset the local communities may benefit from is still limited. The contribution of the cultural heritage to the sustainable development remains less relevant and illustrates the extent toward which individuals and the local communities, consequently societies, are able to preserve, promote and make the most of this forgotten resource. Paper explores the connections between the cultural heritage, marketing and the sustainable development of the local communities based on the secondary data regarding the involvement, perceived importance, access and participation related to the cultural heritage in order to assess if local communities grasp and consider the potential of this heritage to support their sustainable development through of an appropriate marketing effort. Keywords: Cultural heritage, sustainable development, local communities, marketing
Green Corridor Development as an Approach for Environmental Sustainability in Jordan
Authors: Al Masri Abdelfattah , Özden Özge , Kara Can
Published: December 2019

The expansion of urban areas leads the loss of green spaces causing many environmental and economic problems. The infrastructure has been carried to the rural areas to deal with the needs of populations, reducing the green vegetation. This isolates one habitat area from other habitats and increases the fragmentation. A green corridor can connect fragmented habitats. Thus, this research aims to analyze and provide a green corridor in four different cities of Jordan. Through study some case studies, review of articles, researches, data collection, GIS, observations and maps derived from Jordanian ministries were used for the analysis of a green corridor in four cities in the northwest of Jordan. This research provides a comprehensive planning of the biogeographically areas, ecotourism sites and variety of vegetation in the protected areas of namely, Ajloun Forest Reserve and Dibben Forest Reserve, to link them in the biodiversity and conservation regions of the Al-Salt and north Amman, after identifying these diverse areas of vegetation cover and wildlife in each governorate. In addition, the research discusses ecological, environmental and economic effects of applying a green corridor as a sustainable city approach in Jordan. In other words, the purpose of this study is to suggest a sustainable proposal by analyzing green area zones and green corridor axes to improve the nature and the environment in Jordan. This proposal adapts urban areas with the establishment of green corridor connecting conservation areas in Jerash and Ajloun to Al-Salt and north of Amman. Such a green corridor can lead an increase of local and international tourism which may improve the economic strength and can increase the job opportunities for citizens to live in a more ecological urban environment. Keywords: Environmental sustainability; green corridor; connectivity; planning; Jordan
Legal Regulation of Energy Safety in Ukraine and the European Union: Problems and Perspective
Authors: Shulga Ievgenii , Kurylo Volodymyr , Gyrenko Inna , Savych Serhii
Published: December 2019

Nowadays in Ukraine there is no single view on understanding of the strategy of development of energy safety, which profoundly and negatively affected the general state of national safety of the country. The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of legal security of energy safety in Ukraine, check it for compliance with its obligations under the Association Agreement with the EU and other EU acts that proclaim the standards in the field of energy safety. This paper refers to the experience of the EU energy safety legislation. Furthemore, this study provides analysis of Ukrainian legislation in this field, draws attention to the existing conflicts and gaps, emphasizing the need to optimize legislation of Ukraine's energy safety according to the EU standards. Keywords: energy safety, energy law, the EU energy safety, energy safety of Ukraine, legislation of energy safety, adaptation of Ukrainian energy legislation to the EU standards.
Influence of Transformational Economic Processes on Marketing Management by an International Diversified Conglomerate Enterprise
Authors: Tanasiichuk Alona , Hromova Olha , Abdullaieva Anastasiia , Holovchuk Yulia , Sokoliuk Kateryna
Published: December 2019

In this article it is substantiated the necessity of radical changes study in the practice of domestic agricultural enterprises managing, creation of a new functional and organizational structure that will maximally facilitate the marketing strategy of business diversification by the agrarian enterprise of Ukraine. It is analyzed agrarian enterprises efficiency of activity under the conditions of the transformation processes, it is determined that the leaders of the domestic and world markets of agrarian products are agroholdings with a rigid management structure, and their marketing goals are a decisive factor while making choice of markets under the conditions of diversification activities. It is substantiated that the formation of an international diversified company of agrarian business provides equally to participating enterprises the use of common resources, redistribution of resources between structural units operating on one financial result, the possible loss of one enterprise is compensated by the profit of the group as a whole. Reformation of agrarian enterprises of Ukraine process is analyzed; in particular, in the case of farms in the context of international business diversification; it is determined the necessity of creating a new organizational structure of management by the agrarian enterprise. It is grounded the creation of a functional and organizational mechanism for an international diversified conglomerate enterprise activity in order to ensure the stability of its functioning under the conditions of the transformation processes.It is proposed a new structure of functional and organizational management an international diversified conglomerate company on the basis of the developed marketing mechanism of enterprise management under the conditions of international diversification. It is substantiated that in Ukraine, the formation of such new international diversified conglomerate enterprises from small enterprises, by grouping farms (which by their number in Ukraine is most) will provide a positive result from overcoming the grinding of domestic agrarian business, consolidation of the agrarian sector and creating the opportunity to benefit from the budget of Ukraine from international diversified conglomerate business structures. Keywords: transformational economic processes, international marketing, globalization, marketing management, international diversified conglomerate enterprise, business consolidation.
Ensuring State-Legal Regulation On The Prevention of Agrarian Raids as a Form of Counteraction to the Offense and as a Mechanism for the Implementation of International Agricultural Cooperation
Authors: Beschastnyi Victor
Published: December 2019

The tasks of developing international cooperation in the agrarian sphere between Ukraine and the international community, including the European Union, were determined. The existing reasons for the development of small and medium business representatives are analyzed. The updated structure of the object and the subject side - components of agrarian management is determined. The tendency of international development of organic farming is taken into account. The description and practical significance of the appropriateness of securing the terminological understanding of "raider", "peaceful possession of property" with the aim of unification of the norms of the national legislation with the international ones, including the European one, is given. The state-legal regulation on the way of preventing the offense from the standpoint of functioning of state bodies is considered. Due to the comparative method of scientific study, proposals for changes to the current normative and legal framework of Ukraine are determined. There is a distinction and the need to ensure legal protection and protection of the most vulnerable category of subjects. Today, it is the owners of land plots, including owners of land plots (shares), which have been given a land plot for private peasant farming, horticulture, gardening, subsidiary farming. In particular, such protection should be based on positions of economic, social, legal and moral orientation, which defines an integrated and systematic approach. The state authorities should, through their functional duties and through the authority to provide assistance to such economic entities.           Keywords: raiding, peaceful possession of property, agrarian sphere, organic farming, state-legal and state-private mechanism, international agrarian cooperation, agrarian raiding, "weapons" institute
Evaluation Of Soja Productivity (Imperial Variete And Canada) In Association With Maize (Bamboo Variete) In The Ecological Conditions Of Sustainable Use Of Sake / Nord Kivu
Authors: Bwama Meyi Marcel , Musungay Viviane , Mashala Bitwakamba Grégoire , Ciminello Romeo
Published: December 2019

With a view to using land capital in an efficient and effective manner with a view to encouraging sustainable development in this ecological area of North Kivu; and to help minimize land-use conflicts, we have thought of establishing a combination of crops (soybean and maize) as a technique that can help maximize yields / ha and household income, while maintaining the fertility gradient of the soil. The effectiveness of Soybean-maize associations offers interesting prospects for improving the sustainability of production systems.The trial was arranged in randomized randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 3 replicates. For this study we used 2 soybean varieties that are: imperial and canada, with a variety of corn (bamboo).The arrangement of the association was of the type MBILI-MOJA which means two Soya lines intercepted by a corn line. The parameters studied were the phenological and productive parameters which are: survey rate, neck diameter, height at flowering, number of leaves per foot, average number of pods per plant for soybean, average number of seeds of soybean pod, percentage of pod burst, soybean biomass removal, number of ears per plant, weight of 100 soybean and corn seeds, plot production (in kg), yield per tonne per hectare and the LER.The GENSTAT descovery software allowed us to analyze the variance of our data and the averages were separated using the PPDS at the 5% threshold.The performance of the associations was as follows:Imperial: 1,6 L.E.R =, L.E.R> 1 (there is a productive advantage in this association with corn bamboo); Canada: 2,33 LER =, LER> 1 (there is a productive advantage in this association with bamboo maize.) In both cases, there is maintenance of biodiversity and soil fertility.with maize as the imperial variety, that of 2.33 by the performance of LER. Fertility of the soil has been maintained from this technique which promotes soil and atmospheric nitrogen which crops need for their growth and productivity. Keywords: Soybean, maize, Association, Development sustainability, LER, SAKE / North Kivu
Interactional Metadiscourse Markers. A Survey Study on Iranian M.A. TEFL Theses
Authors: Abbaszadeh Ebrahim , Hosseini Seyedeh Azam , Aghajani Mojtaba
Published: December 2019

The present study examined the differences in the use, type, and frequency of interactional metadiscourse markers in theses written by M.A. TEFL graduates including 10 males and 10 females from Malayer University. The selected corpus was analyzed using Hyland’s in 2005 interactional model of metadiscourse. The data were explored through a manual corpus analysis method using Adobe PDF reader software. Moreover, a Chi-Square statistical measure was run to examine whether there were any significant differences in the use of metadiscourse markers in different thesis chapters and across different genders. The results revealed that although there were some subtle differences in the frequency and types of these metadiscourse markers, there was no statistically significant difference between two genders in the use of interactional metadiscourse markers. Besides, it was concluded that there was a significant relationship between the chapters of theses and the use of metadiscourse markers. The findings of this study render some pedagogical implications for writing courses at M.A. and PhD levels in the realms of TEFL and ESP. Keywords: Metadiscourse, Interactional markers, Applied Linguistics, M.A. thesis, Gender
Human Capital in the Formation of Efficiency of Enterprises Activity
Authors: Hryvkivska Svіtlana , Polishchuk Nataliia , Salkova Iryna , Kucher Lesia
Published: December 2019

The purpose of the article is to determine the role of human capital in the functioning of machine-building enterprises, based on the peculiarities of the formation of labor costs for hired workers in relation to the dynamics of capital expenditures (fixed assets) in order to increase revenue (revenues) from sales of products.The method of correlation-regression analysis has been used, which has revealed the high density of communication, to construct the equation of the dependence of labor costs and capital expenditures (fixed assets) on income (revenue) from sales of products. Using the method of analysis of the functioning environment, according to the machine-building enterprises of the region, the coefficients of covering income (revenue) from the sale of capital expenditures (fixed assets) and labor costs for hired workers, formed the ability to find the indicators of capital expenditure (fixed assets). according to given economic entities the possibility of increasing the income (revenue) from sales of products.The directions of strengthening the development of human capital, in particular, by increasing the cost of capital (fixed assets) of machine-building enterprises in the region, which will increase their profitability, are revealed. Key words: human capital, physical capital (fixed assets), income (revenue) from sales of products, enterprises, correlation-regression analysis, analysis of the functioning environment.
Roadmapping as an Instrument for the Sustainable Development Planning of Amalgamated Territorial Communities
Authors: Ustymenko Volodymyr , Hrechana Svitlana , Kuzmenko Olena , Busarieva Tetiana , Zablodska Daria
Published: December 2019

In the context of decentralization reform, the use of roadmapping has the particular importance for the development of amalgamated territorial communities. This visual and understandable tool for strategic planning is widely used around the world, but in Ukraine it has not become quite popular, including due to the lack of regulatory and methodological support. This article was an attempt to change this negative trend, as it proves the feasibility of roadmapping use in the planning of sustainable development of amalgamated territorial communities and offers a unified procedure for the construction of such a road map in accordance with the existing legal framework. Attention is focused on the fact that the use of any from these methods of prediction in the amalgamated territorial communities at this stage of decentralization is associated with a significant number of problems.To improve the quality of community planning and overcome the shortage of skilled and professional staff was suggested to use the roadmapping as a process of building a kind of guide-guide or step-by-step scenario of ATС development with reflection in the graph form of strategically important events in the time sequence is proposed. It is stated that the roadmaps have significant advantages, the main of which is the visibility and clarity and are represented by a wide range of types and formats. It is proved the appropriateness of technology roadmaps usage as such, let to associate time-specific measures of development, to assess threats and opportunities, identify priorities. Proposed procedure for constructing the roadmap for the sustainable development of AТС with detailed description of each stage and a list of possible key points (nodes of the graph), which are fully correspond to the official methodological content of strategic planning of local and regional developments. Its implementation should help amalgamated communities not only to improve the quality of strategic plan and simplify its complex process, but also ensure its compliance with the current regulatory framework. Keywords: roadmapping, sustainable development, amalgamated territorial community, decentralization, strategic planning, procedure for constructing the technology roadmap.
Regional Sustainable Development Strategies in Russia: the Case of the Volga Region
Authors: Kirillov Sergey , Nikonorov Sergey , Pakina Alla
Published: December 2019

In the context of reduced revenues from raw materials exports, the policy of sanctions and restrictions on access to capital and technologies, Russia faces an acute problem of finding new models of economic development. As world experience shows, economic growth cannot resume simultaneously throughout the country, it will inevitably be concentrated in specific regions – points of growth. Since the Federal government do not present a convincing strategy, some regions take the initiative and build their own development strategies. In this regard, the experience of the Volga region with a developed economy, the powerful drivers of growth, and large differences in social parameters is quite interesting. The main development goals were indicated in the Strategy of Privolzhsky Federal district’s development up to 2020. We analyzed them on the example of 7 subjects of Federation. Despite ambitious plans, the negative dynamics of many indicators remains. The growth of GRP has not reached the planned values, and social indicators continue to decline: there is a migration outflow of population and a decrease in natural population growth. Analysis of the each region's strategies showed that there are significant risks of development, the overcoming of which requires non-trivial decisions of regional governments. Keywords: development strategies, growth points, regional governments, sustainable development, social risks
Food Security and Trade in Food Products in Nigeria
Authors: Verter Nahanga
Published: December 2019

Improving food security depends on identifying the indicators of food insecurity that must be monitored and addressed by the policy makers and implementers. This paper investigates the dynamics of trade in food products and food security in Nigeria. Using descriptive approaches, the findings show that Nigeria markedly recorded an adverse TBI in total agri-food trade and many food products. Remarkably, the five mostly exported (i.e. cocoa, fruits and nuts, oilseeds, tobacco) and five mostly imported (wheat, edible products, fish, sugar, milk and cream) food products accounted for 78% and 70% of total food exports and imports in the country. The study also reveals that Nigeria has been grossly food insecure driven by indicators, such as infrastructure deficit, population growth, poverty, corruption, inadequate government support to farmers and absence of safety net programmes. The Nigerian government and other stakeholders should holistically invest and implement agricultural policies to improve food security and earnings in many food products. Keywords: accessibility, affordability, availability, food insecurity, poverty, TBI