bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of Snail Immobilization and Mortality Effects Using Selected Chemical Treatments for Potential Trapping Apparatuses
Authors: Ramdwar Marcus N. A. , Abraham Brandon , Badal Shastri , Harripersad Jesse
Published: September 2022

This study evaluated the immobilization and mortality effects of selected wet and dry chemical treatments on the giant African snail. The chemical treatments used were 5 g and 10 g respectively of sodium chloride, calcium hydroxide and copper sulphate. Distilled water was used as a control in the wet phase evaluation of the study. In the first phase, each treatment was dissolved in 1000 ml of water. A total of ten (10) snails were submerged into each treatment and this was replicated ten (10) times. In the second phase of the study, 5 g and 10 g respectively of each dry treatment was evenly sprinkled over ten (10) snails within a confined area. This was replicated ten (10) times. It was concluded that the submergence effects of the wet treatment resulted in 100 percent immobilization and mortality for both the calcium hydroxide and copper sulphate treatment at six (6) hours post submergence. The dry treatments had no effect on immobilization and mortality up to six (6) hours post treatment. There was no treatment effect of sodium chloride for both the wet and dry treatments. The study concludes that low cost solutions such as calcium hydroxide can have an effect on the immobilization of the giant African snail. This finding can enable the development of trap designs which could eliminate the one-way door design and enable multiple entrances. Although both calcium hydroxide and copper sulphate solutions were effective for the immobilization and death of the snails, calcium hydroxide is the recommended option given its low toxicological profile when compared to copper sulphate.
Biological Parameters and Fertility Life Table of Spodoptera frugiperda in Different Host Plants
Authors: Carvalho Indyra F. , Machado Larissa L. , Neitzke Camila G. , Erdmann Larissa L. , Oliveira Lauren T. , Bernardi Daniel , Rosa Ana Paula S. Afonso da
Published: September 2022

This work evaluated the biology and life table parameters of susceptible populations (Sus) of Spodoptera frugiperda to insecticides and Bt proteins, in conventional maize, Bt YieldGard VT PRO™ (Cry1A. 105/Cry2Ab) and PowerCore™ (Cry1A.105/Cry2Ab/Cry1F), millet and sorghum to better feeding behavior in this population. The following parameters were assessed: width of the cephalic capsule, duration and viability of larval, pupal and egg stages, pupal weight, sex ratio, adult longevity, pre-oviposition and oviposition period and daily fecundity The larval diet affected most of the parameters analyzed, with the exception of adult longevity and the period of embryonic development. The sus population completed its development in all hosts except in the VT PRO™ and PowerCore™ technologies. Non-Bt maize (87.50%) had higher larval viability, with larvae pupating nearly twice as fast (14,364 days) than sorghum (22,663 days) and millet (25,153 days), with the lowest viability (25.63%) and longest larval stage observed in millet. The pre-oviposition period was significantly shorter in maize (2.2 days) and longer in millet (6.5 days). Females fed on maize (1872.3) also showed higher total fertility than sorghum (671.0) and millet (405.0). Our results suggest that millet is the least suitable host for the development of this population. Although maize is considered the preferred host, S. frugiperda was able to complete its development in most of the tested hosts, indicating that sorghum and millet, plants commonly cultivated in the main producing regions of Brazil, can sustain susceptible populations in the field, although not as productively as maize and can act as a reservoir for the pest between seasons.
Evolution of Lippia multiflora Biomass by the Fertigation Technique on a Ferralsol in the South of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Hien Marie-Paule , Guety Thierry Philippe , Blé Louan Odile , Konan Koffi Patrick Elysée , Yao-Kouamé Albert
Published: September 2022

In order to domesticate Lippia multiflora for its perpetuation, study was carried out at the National Center of Floristics (CNF) of the University Félix Houphouët Boigny of Côte d’Ivoire. The objective of this work is to estimate the biomass of Lippia multiflora (Verbenaceae), called “savannah tea”, under the effect of urea diluted in water (fertigation) over time on a ferralsol in southern Côte d’Ivoire. The trial was set up in a completely randomized Fisher block design with three replications. Potted Lippia multiflora plants received two doses of urea T1 (0.5 g) and T2 (1 g) previously diluted 1 liter of water and a control treatment T0 without urea addition. The effects of these different doses on the growth parameters of Lippia multiflora were compared with each other using analysis of variance to assess the growth parameters of the plant. The observations were made on the average height of the plants in centimeters (cm), the average diameter of the stem, the average number of leaves and roots. From the results obtained, the contribution of urea influenced the growth of Lippia multiflora because different from those of the T0 control. It appears that the application of urea T1 (0.5 g) best promotes the growth of Lippia multiflora.
Effects of Government Water Supply on the Smallholder Farmers’ Sustainable Nutrition in Togo
Authors: Alavo Essiagnon John-Philippe , Guanghua Lin
Published: September 2022

Water shortage is a global problem. It is predominantly visible in the agricultural sector and in farming communities. Togo is not an exception in this regard because some rural agricultural communities do not have access to water but rely on distance conveyance. Government is under constitutional obligation to supply water in rural areas to boost crop production off rain seasons especially. Can Government Water subsidy improve smallholder farmers’ nutrition? This study, therefore, aims at investigating the impact of Government Water Supply (GWS) on the household of Kara agricultural region in Togo. A two-stage sampling procedure was employed to collect panel data during 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 cropping seasons. Different from previous studies, robust fixed effects regression is used to model the effect of government water subsidy. The core findings reveal that water subsidy improves farm household’s nutrition. The results also indicate that subsidized water influences available per capita calories per day, household’s months of good nutrition, and the probability of being well nourished from own production of cereals and legumes but has statistically insignificant effects on household annual consumption expenditure. The results provide several valuable insights from the policy point of view. A water supply subsidy program has a higher and better influence on the maximum good nutrition, bringing up the question of whether targeting households in the lowest food crops production percentiles give value for money to achieve the goal of sustainable nutrition.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 14, No. 10
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: September 2022

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 14, No. 10, 2022.
CR-submanifolds of SQ-Sasakian manifold
Authors: Yadav Sarvesh Kumar , Hui Shyamal Kumar , Iqbal Mohd. , Mandal Pradip , Aslam Mohd.
Published: September 2022

In this paper we discussed CR-submanifold of SQ-Sasakian manifold. Next, we considered Chaki pseudo parallel as well as Deszcz pseudo parallel CR-submanifold of SQ-Sasakian manifold. Further we studied almost Ricci soliton and almost Yamabe soliton with torse forming vector field on CR-subamnifold of SQ-Sasakian manifold using semi-symmetric metric connection.
The Common Forms of Brokerage and Middleman, and their Shariah Solutions
Authors: Ahmed Adeel , Imam Muhammad Hassan
Published: September 2022

In order to promote such thinking and thinking regarding the forms of brokerage/middleman that are prevalent in our society, this article is being presented that this sector should be continued in accordance with the teachings of Islam so that our Islamic economic system is grown up in the best possible way.
In the current economic system, many new methods of brokerage are emerging which are very important to be aware of and it has become a great challenge for the scholars of today to inculcate the Islamic spirit in these methods by incorporating them into the Islamic structure.
In the Islamic economic system where rules and regulations have been laid down for those who work, those who work for them are also prevented from violating the rights of those who work ethically and religiously because at the present time. The role of the middleman is a key factor in the introduction of new ways of doing business. Therefore, it is very important to examine its limits from the Islamic point of view.
The cases which were prevalent in the early centuries, the justification of which was agreed by the companions, are due to the fact that the purpose of this writing is to consider the validity and apply the present case to them and find a shariah solution. Giving as much information as possible is the essence of this research.
As vulnerabilidades por intermédio da arte: Uma visão interdisciplinar do direito
Authors: Martini André , Gonçalves Daldegan França Sandra , Bernardi Renato , Eurico de Lacerda Tiago
Published: September 2022

A relação entre direito e arte é muito próxima; Estamos diante de dois campos muito próximos da atividade humana. Ao longo da história, a visão de mundo nos foi apresentada por meio da arte, e é que, além disso, a lei é a encarregada de regular o comportamento das pessoas, que, por si só, por meio da justiça, nos é apresentada como uma beleza natural. Vimos que, através da arte, por exemplo, em muitas pinturas os artistas deixaram vestígios da história, tornando-se testemunho de muitas injustiças e aberrações cometidas no passado. Foi feito também através de obras literárias, música, cinema, etc., pelo que é perfeitamente possível falar de uma relação muito próxima entre ambos os sectores. Hoje em dia, nas salas de aula, este binómio também está a ser promovido, pois faz parte de novas metodologias em que se opta por explicar o direito recorrendo à arte em sentido lato. Ocorre-me, por exemplo, a explicação de determinados fenômenos jurídicos através da visualização de filmes, curtas-metragens, etc., que pode ser um grande atrativo para os alunos e que se afasta do modelo tradicional de ministrar aulas a que estávamos acostumados . Nesse caso, a obra responde perfeitamente a essa relação entre Direito e Arte e nela são coletadas importantes contribuições, muito variadas entre si, que deixam claro em seus vinte e um capítulos em que se mostra a relação existente entre o direito. diferentes “belas artes” como, neste caso específico, literatura, música, cinema e pintura. Não podemos esquecer que tanto o Direito quanto a Arte, em geral, servem para “ordenar” e enriquecer o mundo, pois nos mostram o passado e nos fazem avançar para o futuro, o que também é muito interessante.
Solar energy potential assessment for electricity generation on the south-eastern coast of Iran
Authors:   School of New Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran, Zahedi Rahim , Sadeghitabar Erfan ,   Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Ahmadi Abolfazl ,   Faculty of New Science and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Published: September 2022

Among the types of renewable energy, solar energy has received more attention due to its ability to convert directly into electricity and heat, its ease of use, its possibility of storage, and its endlessness, so in recent decades, a lot of research has been done on solar energy systems in the world and in Iran. Considering Iran's potential in the field of solar energy and the country's need for this type of energy, it is necessary to locate and identify suitable sites for the use of solar energy. In this research, the potential of generating power from solar energy on the ocean coasts of south-eastern Iran has been investigated. The geographical data of the solar radiation map of Iran was used to estimate the power of electrical energy from spatial limiting criteria for the feasibility of installing photovoltaic panels at the power plant scale. Finally, the total power of electricity that can be extracted from suitable places in the region was calculated; results showed that 37.5% of the Makran area is exploitable as solar farms. With a conversion efficiency of 15% and an area factor of 70%, annual electricity production for the exploitable area is roughly 17200 GWh, which can be a driving force for the industrial, economic and social development of Makran region.
Foundations of Quantum Computing: I-Demystifying ‎‎Quantum Paradoxes
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank Of New York, USA, Syrkin ‎ M
Published: September 2022

Speedy developments in Quantum Technologies mandate that fundamentals of Quantum Computing are well explained and ‎understood. Meanwhile, paradigms of so-called quantum non-locality, wave function (WF) “collapse”, “Schrödinger cat” and ‎some other historically popular misconceptions continue to feed mysteries around quantum phenomena. Arguing that above ‎misinterpretations stem from classically minded and experimentally unverifiable perceptions, recasting Principle of ‎Superposition (PS) and key experimental details into classical notions. Revisiting main components of general quantum ‎measurement protocols (analyzers and detectors), and explaining paradoxes of WF collapse and Schrödinger cat. Reminding ‎that quantum measurements routinely reveal correlations dictated by conservation laws in each individual realization of the ‎quantum ensemble, manifesting “correlation-by-initial conditions” in contrast to traditional “correlation-by-interactions”. We ‎reiterate: Quantum Mechanics (QM) is not a dynamical theory in the same sense the Classical Mechanics (CM) is – it is a ‎statistical phenomenology, as established in 1926 by Born’s postulate. That is, while QM rests on conservation laws in each ‎individual outcome, it does not indicate how exactly a specific outcome is selected. This selection remains fundamentally ‎random and represents true randomness of QM, the latter being a statistical paradigm with a WF standing for a complex-‎valued distribution function. Finally, PS is the backbone of a quantum measurement process: PS can be conveniently viewed ‎as a composition of partial distributions into the total distribution – similar to classical probability mixtures – and is ‎effectuated experimentally by the analyzer part of a measuring device. ‎
PENGEMBANGAN WORLD FRAGMENT BERBASIS SINGLE PLAYER MENGGUNAKAN RPGMAKER
Authors: Cahyadi Putra Kurniawan  , Hadiq
Published: September 2022

Aplikasi permainan pada komputer selalu memiliki hubungan yang erat pada dunia hiburan, dengan berbagai macam produk yang tersedia, aplikasi permainan yang tersedia cenderung dibuat oleh sebuah perusahaan ternama dengan tim ratusan orang dalam membuat game yang populer pada masyarakat.Ada banyak macam aplikasi pihak ke-3 yang dapat mempermudah para pengembang pemula banyak tersedia dalam berbagai tipe, mulai dari aplikasi canggih seperti Unity Engine dan Unreal Engine tetapi aplikasi ini memerlukan keterampilan yang cukup tinggi untuk seorang pengembang pemula. Dalam Penelitian ini, sebuah aplikasi pengembangan bernama RPGMAKER dapat digunakan oleh semua orang, walaupun orang yang bersangkutan tidak memiliki keterampilan dalam programming, tetapi aplikasi pengembang ini tidak menutup kemungkinan seorang pengembang yang memiliki kemampuan programming untuk mengembangkan sebuah aplikasi permainan yang memiliki nilai komersial tanpa memerlukan modal yang besar.
Calidad estructural de las viviendas de albañilería confinada en el barrio Higos Urco, Chachapoyas, 2018
Authors: Arteaga Ynfante Rey Euler , Santa Cruz Sanchez Leodan , Milla Pino Manuel Emilio
Published: September 2022

En la región Amazonas, así como en todo el país se sigue practicando la autoconstrucción, esta es una práctica que influye directamente en la calidad estructural de las viviendas. El propósito de esta investigación fue contribuir con alternativas para mejorar la calidad estructural de las viviendas de albañilería confinada ubicadas en el barrio Higos Urco con una muestra de 44 viviendas. Para el presente estudio se recolectaron los datos mediante una encuesta y diagnosticando la situación actual en cuanto a su estructura de cada vivienda. A partir de ello se determinó que el 25% de las viviendas son de muy mala calidad, el 27.3% de mala calidad, el 22.3% son de regular calidad y el 25% de buena calidad. Para lo cual se propuso una cartilla con alternativas de reparación, reforzamiento y construcción de viviendas de albañilería confinada, las alternativas propuestas fueron desarrolladas para mejorar la calidad estructural de las viviendas con deficiencias en muros ya sea por fallas o por uso de mampostería inadecuada. Concluyéndose que los factores con mayor incidencia en la calidad estructural son el asesoramiento técnico en la construcción, la mano de obra y la calidad estructural de la mampostería.
Estudios recientes de metales pesados en peces: Una revisión bibliográfica con énfasis en Perú
Authors: Morales Rojas Eli , Bustos Chavez Meliza del Pilar , Pinglo Jurado Fátima de la Merced , Cueva Vega Edinson , Díaz Ortiz Edwin Adolfo
Published: September 2022

Los metales pesados causan efectos nocivos en la salud humana a través de la cadena alimentaria. En ese sentido el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los avances de la producción científica de metales pesados en peces en los países de Perú, Bolivia y Chile, mediante una revisión bibliográfica. La búsqueda se realizó en base de datos de Scopus durante el año 2000 a mayo del 2022, se realizó un análisis de los artículos seleccionados de acuerdo a lugar de estudio. También se utilizó el software VOSviewer (herramienta para construir y visualizar redes bibliométricas) con la finalidad de generar redes de coautoria. Los resultados indican que los estudios en metales pesados empezaron a sobresalir durante los años 2012, 2019. El autor que tuvo mayor participación fue Custodio. Finalmente se concluye que las investigaciones son escasas y se debe de abordar estos temas con mayor énfasis de acuerdo a cada estado, dado que en muchos casos los valores sobrepasan las normas establecidas.
Métodos numéricos aplicados al cálculo hidráulico en canales de regadío de Bagua
Authors: Estela Urbina Ronald Omar , Danducho Paati Jhon Jairo , Chiclote Alcalde Segundo Marcial , Incio Flores Fernando Alain , Santamaría Baldera Nemesio , Fernández Villarroel Roger Álvaro , Carcausto Quispe Carlos , Guzmán Cáceres Giovanna , Cárdenas León María Elena , Castro Vargas Daniel Jesús
Published: September 2022

El presente artículo evidencia la investigación realizada, ponderando la importancia de la hidráulica en la formación académica del futuro ingeniero civil, así mismo teniendo en cuenta la escasa infraestructura de riego en la provincia de Bagua, que es eminentemente agrícola. El objetivo fue la revisión de los factores hidráulicos de los distintos conductos abiertos existentes, ya sean naturales o artificiales, así como la elaboración de modelos matemáticos que permitan simular numéricamente el comportamiento hidráulico. Esta investigación se realizó en el curso de Métodos Numéricos de la carrera de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad Nacional Intercultural “Fabiola Salazar Leguía” de Bagua –UNIFSLB durante el año 2020 y 2021. La metodología consistió en tres fases: La primera fase consistió en la obtención de datos en campo, en la segunda fase se realizó cálculos informáticos utilizando el lenguaje de programación Python, y en la última fase metodológica se procedió a elaborar e implementar modelos o métodos matemáticos. Los resultados obtenidos para el caudal y la velocidad difieren aproximadamente en 3% del valor teórico respecto al valor medido en campo, de la misma forma se implementó programas para el cálculo hidráulico. Finalmente se codificó los métodos numéricos para la simulación numérica y gráfica.
Niveles de ruido en diferentes puntos críticos de la ciudad de Bagua
Authors: Huanacuni Ajrota Víctor Cipriano
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar los niveles de ruido en puntos críticos de la ciudad de Bagua. La metodología fue de tipo descriptivo recopilando información en los puntos críticos de la ciudad (Av. Circunvalación, mercado externo, mercado interno, Av. Héroes de Cenepa y Plaza Héroes de Cenepa), con el uso de un sonómetro digital (Sound Meter), los datos se tomaron en tres turnos, durante 6 meses del 2019.  Los resultados indican que para la Av. Circunvalación los valores máximos fluctúan entre 74 - 82 dB obtenida en el mes de enero, febrero (horario diurno) y la mínima fue de 39 -53 dB registrada en el mes de mayo y junio (horario nocturno). Todos los parámetros fueron comparados con los Estándares de Calidad Ambiental para ruidos (ECAs) en Zonas Residenciales. Los resultados actuales supera al 50% de los ECAs provocando la contaminación ambiental. En el mercado externo los máximos valores se dieron en enero en horario nocturna, con valores de 76 dB (junio diurna 84 dB) y los mínimos fue de 41 - 51 dB. Como contrastes en los ECAs se considera que existe una contaminación ambiental de ruido superando con una diferencia de 14 dB diurna y 16 dB nocturna. En conclusión, el problema de la contaminación ambiental de los ruidos es generado por los vehículos menores (mototaxis), que vienen circulando una cantidad de 4613 mototaxis.
Subproductos del cacao (Theobroma cacao) como alternativa para la mejora de la dieta balanceada en rumiantes
Authors: García Villoslada A. E. , Acosta Núñez Y. N. , Terrones Campos H. G. , Carrasco Pacheco R. E. , Autukai Biktuk J. L.
Published: September 2022

Se estima que la producción de cacao es de 4.7 millones de toneladas por año, de los cuales el 90% son residuos de desecho, tal como la cascara o cascarilla del cacao (CC). Estos subproductos agrícolas son fuente de compuestos nutritivos de interés para el sector de rumiantes. Los estudios realizados en esta materia han demostrado que tiene un alto porcentaje de proteínas, fibra, fenoles entre otros, que le otorgan propiedades nutraceúticas. La fibra presente en la CC tiene el potencial de absorción de aceites y colesterol, reduciendo de esta forma su biodisponibilidad durante la digestión. Por tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue describir y analizar las propiedades nutritivas de los subproductos del cacao en la inducción de una dieta balanceada para animales rumiantes. El análisis se realizó mediante la búsqueda de la revisión bibliográfica (Scopus, Scielo) durante los meses de abril y mayo del 2022, se siguió las directrices de la declaración PRISMA y para establecer la cadena de búsqueda se utilizó los operadores boléanos. La evidencia actual sugiere la utilización de los subproductos del cacao como alternativa para la mejora de la dieta balanceada en rumiantes (bajo parámetros pertinentes), como materia prima alternativa no convencional en dietas destinados al sector de rumiantes por su aporte en proteínas y fibra que ayuda al engorde sin efectos perjudícales al rendimiento de producción de leche.
Análisis de las exportaciones de minerales 2017-2021: TLC entre Perú y China
Authors: Shacamajo Jhunior , Tuesta Leif , Mariaku Luz , Anguash Luis , Chura Yessica , Poma Alessandro
Published: September 2022

En la actualidad, el acelerado crecimiento de las industrias chinas ha permitido un incremento del consumo de minerales como el: Oro, hierro, plomo, cobre y zinc. El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar las exportaciones del tratado de libre comercio (TLC) entre Perú y China del 2017 al 2021. El estudio es de tipo aplicado porque se utilizó el conocimiento existente sobre las exportaciones del Perú (PromPerú). Mismo que determina el crecimiento de las exportaciones a una escala progresiva y paulatina, en este sentido China busca garantizar la estabilidad del suministro de los recursos, para la sostenibilidad de su cadena productiva, además, la investigación es un análisis de tipo descriptivo documental post facto. Los resultados muestran que los minerales descritos son los más enviados al país asiático y el despunte de las remesas se dio a partir del año 2017. Finalmente, el TLC permite un impulso al crecimiento de la economía nacional, pues China es un mercado muy extenso y esto determina el nivel de exportaciones de nuestro país, por ello, se sugiere analizar con más detalle las exportaciones, pues es necesario los análisis estadísticos con prueba de hipótesis, el nivel de confianza y se debe enfocar el análisis a un rubro específico, que permita comparar datos de otros países de Sudamérica con Perú.
Programación Neurolingüística en la mejora del aprendizaje de los estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Andina Néstor Cáceres Velásquez
Authors: Fernández Villarroel Roger Álvaro , Cavero Aybar Hugo
Published: September 2022

La Programación Neurolingüística (PNL) provee herramientas para una óptima comunicación, esta proporciona instrumentos para cambiar comportamientos, habilidades, que limitan o impiden alcanzar los objetivos académicos y personales. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las características del aprendizaje de los estudiantes y los estilos de comunicación de los docentes hacia el estudiante. El estudio es de tipo descriptivo, desarrollado en tres etapas: a) Revisión documentaria. b) Se elaboró un cuestionario con la escala tipo Likert, validado por tres expertos y mediante el alfa de Cronbach de 0.805. c) Los resultados fueron sistematizados mediante cuadros estadísticos simples. Se puede observar que las correlaciones positivas más altas se dieron entre los metaprogramas de la PNL de actitud ante una situación y las estrategias de aprendizaje. Se concluye que, existe una relación débil entre las variables y se puede observar que las correlaciones positivas se dan entre los metaprogramas del PNL de actitud ante una situación y las estrategias de aprendizaje. Por lo tanto, existe la necesidad de implementar cursos de inducción docente para mejorar la comunicación con los estudiantes y lograr aprendizajes significativos.
Influencia del campo magnético en el crecimiento de semillas de Phaseolus vulgaris. Distrito de Valera 2021
Authors: Santamaría Baldera Nemesio , Lopez Cuadra Yelka Martina , Mori Zavaleta Romulo , Alvarado Ibañez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la influencia del campo magnético en el crecimiento de semillas de Phaseolus vulgaris (frijol pinto), distrito de Valera 2021. La metodología fue realizada mediante un experimento de arreglo bifactorial (intensidad x tiempo), el factor A: Intensidad de campo Magnético (0 mT, 20mT, 50 mT) y factor B: tiempo (5 h y permanente). Para la realización del experimento se utilizó suelo agrícola humedecido con 50 ml de agua destilada, colocándose 3 semillas de frijol pinto en cada recipiente y luego fue recubierto con una capa de suelo agrícola y humedecido con 10 ml de agua destilada y las 24 horas fue colocado en la cara norte de los imanes, evaluándose a los 15 días de instalar el experimento. Se verificó el cumplimiento de los supuestos de normalidad y homogeneidad de los datos. Luego se realizó el análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y las medias fueron comparadas mediante la prueba de Tukey. Para analizar los datos se utilizó el programa estadístico Minitab 2019. Los resultados obtenidos indican diferencias significativas tanto para el crecimiento de raíz y longitud de tallo para los tratamientos con un valor de 50 mT y con un tiempo de exposición de 5h, mientras que para el número de brotes y número de hojas no hubo diferencias significativas. Finalmente, se concluye que los campos magnéticos influyen en las diferentes variables que intervienen en el desarrollo y crecimiento de las plántulas.
Producción de Carbón Activado a partir de la Testa de la Almendra de Cacao
Authors: Rodríguez Estacio John Smith , Cruz Hoyos Segundo Alipio
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación fue producir carbón activado a partir de la testa de almendra del cacao. Las muestras fueron proporcionadas por la empresa Peruinka Industrias S.A. Para la preparación se empleó el método de activación química empleando el ácido fosfórico al 60% de concentración. Las variables son la temperatura de carbonización (200 °C, 250° y 300 °C) y tiempo de carbonización (90, 120 y 150 minutos). Para caracterizar el mejor producto producido se evaluó las propiedades fisicoquímicas del carbón activado y la capacidad de adsorción empleando el colorante azul de metileno, dichas propiedades fueron evaluadas bajo la Norma Técnica Peruana 207.024. El tratamiento óptimo encontrado para la producción de carbón activado con testa de almendra de cacao corresponde a una temperatura y tiempo de carbonización de 300 °C y 150 minutos respectivamente. Las características físico-químicas del producto obtenido fueron: Humedad 1.9413 %, Densidad 0.5115 g/cm3, pH 3.19, Cenizas 25. 4045 %, Materia Volátil 67.1078%, y Carbón Fijo 7.4876.
Masas retroperitoneales gigantes: informe de caso
Authors: Ramírez Peñuela Bibiana Alejandra , Salamanca William Hernando , Hernández Peñuela Mayra Angélica , Gerlein Duarte Edwin
Published: September 2022

Los tumores retroperitoneales primarios son tumores benignos o malignos, sólidos o quísticos; se consideran una patología infrecuente a nivel mundial, sobre todo en Latinoamérica donde existe poca evidencia científica, con un espectro clínico variado e inespecífico. Estos sarcomas de partes blandas implican <1 % de todos los tumores, siendo el liposarcoma un 20 % de los sarcomas del adulto, de los cuales una tercera parte se forman en el retroperitoneo. Los liposarcomas representan para el cirujano un reto diagnóstico, terapéutico, diverso e interesante. La incidencia anual en Estados Unidos se encuentra cerca de 2,6 x 1.000.000. Por su profunda localización y crecimiento lento, su cuadro clínico es proteiforme y su diagnóstico difícil. Caso clínico: El objetivo de este estudio es presentar un caso de tumor retroperitoneal de gran tamaño, analizando clínica de presentación, pruebas diagnósticas utilizadas, anatomía patológica tumoral, datos quirúrgicos y posibles tratamientos oncológicos y quirúrgicos complementarios. Resultados: Posterior a la cirugía se encuentra masa tumoral vascularizada de apariencia grasa de 40 x 30 cm de diámetro y 7,6 kg de peso. Conclusión: Se hará un aporte al conocimiento que facilite la evaluación al enfrentar casos similares. Los liposarcomas son los tumores de tejido blando más frecuentes en los adultos; por su crecimiento lento, poca sintomatología, tipo histológico y ubicación, se considera todo un reto diagnóstico y de tratamiento.
What Is in the So-called COVID-19 “Vaccines”? Part 1: Evidence of a Global Crime Against Humanity
Authors: Hughes David
Published: September 2022

Between July 2021 and August 2022, evidence of undisclosed ingredients in the COVID-19 “vaccines” was published by at least 26 researchers/research teams in 16 different countries across five continents using spectroscopic and microscopic analysis. Despite operating largely independently of one another, their findings are remarkably similar and highlight the clear and present danger that the world’s population has been lied to regarding the contents of the COVID-19 “vaccines”. This raises grave questions about the true purpose of the dangerous experimental injections that have so far been shot into 5.33 billion people (over two thirds of the human race), including children, apparently without their informed consent regarding the contents. Surprise findings include sharp-edged geometric structures, fibrous or tube-like structures, crystalline formations, “microbubbles”, and possible self-assembling nanotechnology. The blood of people who have received one or more COVID-19 “vaccines” appears, in case after case, to contain foreign bodies and to be seriously degraded, with red blood cells typically in Rouleaux formation. Taken together, these 26 studies make a powerful case for the full force of scientific investigation to be brought to bear on the COVID-19 “vaccine” contents. If the findings of these 26 studies are confirmed, then the political implications are nothing short of revolutionary: a global crime against humanity has been committed, in which every government, every regulator, every establishment media organization, and all the professions have been complicit.
Method development of quercitrin enrichment from asthma-plant (Euphorbia hirta L.) using aromatic macroporous resin
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Bandung, Ishak Sumail Sidik Ode , Amrianto Amrianto , Salam Diah Astari , Hartati Rika
Published: September 2022

Asthma-plant contains high amount of quercitrin which make it a potential new source for flavonoids. This study aims to develop a method of quercitrin enrichment by utilizing macroporous resin, which is known to be safer, more eco-friendly, economics, and efficient. Evaluations were conducted over the performance and separation characteristics of the macroporous resin in quercitrin enrichment as well as the adsorption and desorption of quercitrin by the macroporous resin. The results showed that the adsorption process of the macroporous resin in relation to the amount of quercitrin in the extract were in accordance with the second order model, which means that the process of adsorption is affected by other compounds. Furthermore, the examination of the isotherm adsorption fit the Freundlich’s model (R2 = 0.9850) rather than the Langmuir’s one (R2 = 0.4334). In the optimal condition, the enrichment of quercitrin by using macroporous resin increased the abundance of quercitrin by nearly five times, from 3.60% of quercitrin content in the extract to 17.02% in the quercitrin-rich fraction, with recovery yield of 50.39%.
Antihypertensive activity and acute toxicity of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) in L-NAME-induced hypertension animals
Authors:   Universitas Bhakti Kencana, Hasimun Patonah , Mulyani Yani , Yulianti Irma
Published: September 2022

Hypertension is one of the significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease and can lead to complications. Uncontrolled hypertension can lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction and other complications of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the effect of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa L.) in extracts and the fractions on a hypertensive rat’s model induced by L-NAME 40 mg/kg for three weeks and an acute toxicity study of the extract. Antihypertensive research was performed on male Wistar rats utilizing non-invasive procedures. Turmeric extract at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg and its fraction of n-hexane, acetyl acetate, and ethanol at a dose of 25 mg/kg, respectively, were given daily per oral for three weeks to 2.5 mg/kg captopril. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured at 0, 21, and 42 days after treatment and was calculated as mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). Acute toxicity testing refers to the OECD 420 Fixed-Dose method with several dosage levels, consists of 300, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg. The turmeric extract at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg and its fraction of n-hexane, acetyl acetate, and ethanol significantly reduced mean arterial blood pressure (p<0.05) compared to the control group. Acute administration of turmeric extracts up to a dose of 5000 mg/kg in test animals did not show any death. Turmeric and its components are considered to possess antihypertensive actions. Antihypertensive activity increased in a dose-dependent manner. Turmeric extract is categorized as being almost entirely non-toxic.
Total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity of bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk)
Authors:   Alauddin Islamic State University, Arsul Muhammad Ikhlas , Syamsi Nurfajri , Putri Nadila , Nur Nur Afiah Alfrianti , Mukhriani Mukhriani , Hamzah Nursalam
Published: September 2022

The bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) is one of the typical plants from Kalimantan Island, which has potential as a drug, one of which using as an antioxidant is due to the secondary metabolites contained therein. The aims of the research are to estimate the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity of the bajakah by different methods. Extraction was carried out by reflux method using a solvent gradient of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol 96%. Phenols and flavonoid content were calculated using spectroscopy. Antioxidant capacity was measured against ascorbic acid and Trolox using the CUPRAC, DPPH, and FRAP methods and reported as mg Trolox equivalent (TEAC) and ascorbic acid equivalent (AEAC) per gram extract. The ethanol extract showed the highest antioxidant capacity for the CUPRAC and FRAP methods, the n-hexane extract for the DPPH method on both varieties of bajakah tampala. Each method provides significantly different antioxidant capacity values. The CUPRAC and FRAP methods found the highest antioxidant capacity in the white variety of bajakah ethanol extract. Meanwhile, in the DPPH method, saw the highest antioxidant capacity in the red variety of n-hexane bajakah extract. DPPH and CUPRAC give a positive correlation with TPC, where CUPRAC assay produced higher values than FRAP and DPPH assays.
Isolation, identification and biochemical studies of gallic acid from Turbinaria decurrens Bory
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Sami Fitriyanti Jumaetri , Nur Syamsu
Published: September 2022

Cancer is one of the diseases that cause the biggest death in the world. The research for natural compounds derived from marine is very developed at this time, especially in algae. Brown algae have more phenolic content than other types of algae, T. decurrens Bory is one of the brown algae that had taken from the Indonesian island of Dutungan, South Sulawesi. Phenolic groups are also known to be able to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to isolate and identify compounds using spectrophotometer instruments. The isolates obtained were tested for anticancer activity against H460 and MCF-7 cells. Extraction was carried out by maceration method, fractionation was done by chromatography column eluent n-hexane:EtOAc: MeOH by increasing polarity. The structure determination is done based on the interpretation of FT-IR, 1D-NMR 1H,13C, and ESI-LCMS spectra data and anticancer activity test used MTT bioassay. The isolate is known as gallic acid, and the isolate was tested for anticancer activity against H460 and MCF-7 cells. The result is obtained IC50 value for H460 cells 5.69 μg/ml and MCF-7 cells 4.63 μg/ml. As a positive control used cisplatin with an IC50 value of 5.81 μg/ml against H460 cells and MCF-7 cells with a value of 5.59 μg/ml. Gallic acid has a higher toxic effect compared to cisplatin. One phenolic compound has been found in T. decurrens Bory which is gallic acid. Gallic acid has a higher toxic effect than cisplatin, this compound can be used as an anticancer agent.
Üniversiteli Gençlerde Kendi Kendini İstihdam Eğilimi: Aileye İlişkin Faktörler, Kişilik ve İyimserlik bir Fark Yaratır mı?
Authors: ARIKAN Selma
Published: September 2022

Genç işsizliğini azaltmaya yönelik çözüm yollarından birisi de gençleri kendi işlerini kurmaya teşvik etmektir. Kendi kendini istihdam ve girişimcilik yöneliminde ekonomik faktörler kadar demografik ve psikolojik özelliklerin önemine de vurgu yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında eğitim hayatlarından sonra kendi işlerini kurmayı planlayan üniversite öğrencilerinin böyle bir plana sahip olmayan arkadaşları ile aileye ilişkin çeşitli faktörler, kişilik özellikleri ve iyimserlik düzeyleri açısından karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya İstanbul’da eğitim veren bir devlet, üç vakıf üniversitesinden 35 yaş altı 299 üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Katılımcıların 93 tanesi eğitimlerini tamamladıktan sonra kendi işlerini kurmayı istemekteyken, 206 tanesi başkalarının yanında istihdam edilmeyi planladıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Bağımsız örneklemler için t-testi analizlerinde kendi kendini istihdam isteyen katılımcıların ailelerinin gelir düzeyini daha yüksek olarak değerlendirdikleri; kişilik özelliklerinde dışadönüklük ve deneyime açıklıktan daha yüksek, nevrotiklikten daha düşük puanlar aldıkları bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, ailesinde kendi işini kuran örneklere sahip olan katılımcılar arasında kendi kendini istihdam planlayanların oranının daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. İyimserlik açısından iki grup arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır. Araştırma bulguları kendi kendini istihdam sürecinde ekonomik kaynaklar, aile içinde girişimci rol modellerinin varlığı ve kişilik özelliklerinin ayırt edici faktörler olduğunu göstermektedir. Gençlerde kendi kendini istihdamı özendirmek için ekonomik kaynak yaratımı ve uygun rol modellerinin mentörlüğü gibi çözümlere odaklanılması önerilir.
The Elderly and the Determinants of Stress
Authors: Issalillah Fayola , Aisyah Nur
Published: September 2022

The adult phase or the productive phase of a person is spent with various activities both for work or socializing with friends or friends. Generally, someone will prepare for retirement only in the financial sector, not in other social aspects. Many of the elderly feel unappreciated and lonely. Situations like this will usually cause stress in the elderly. As a result of stress in general, if it cannot be overcome by the elderly, it can cause the elderly to experience physical decline. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the source of stress in the elderly. This research is descriptive qualitative research because this research presents descriptive data about the factors that cause stress in the elderly. From research conducted, the elderly experience stress due to changes in the way of life they go through. Many routines with excellent physical conditions are a dream for the elderly. Some of the elderly who do not have financial stability still have to carry out their routine activities without being supported by good physical conditions.
Offline-Online Submission and Assessment System (OSAS) chatbot as an E-tool on retrieval of learners’ outputs in Earth and Life Science during the Distance Learning
Authors: Arangote Rona Joy , Dela Paz Teresa Abbygail , Vinarao Princess Marie
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 had markedly impacted education that moved to distance learning. The Basic Education Learning Continuity Plan (BE-LCP) emphasized the fairness of learners' access to technology, gadgets, and household assistance. Besides, low-tech and no-tech approaches should consider. In response to the challenge, the researcher created Offline-Online Submission and Assessment System (OSAS) chatbot employed in the Messenger app with features on submission and assessment strategy used in Earth and Life Science core subject where both offline and online can access. The 170 participants were among the selected grade 11 senior high school learners exposed to OSAS chatbot for 6-Week. The 15-item OSAS Usability Scale was assessed, while the 3-item Open-ended Questions to analyze the learners' personal experiences made the study a mixed-method. The result of OSAS's 15-item Usability Scale in terms of (1) Convenience, (2) Applicability, (3) Accessibility, (4) Organization, and (5) Satisfaction were with all high-level interpretations. Besides, the 3-item Open-ended Questions focused on learners' experience revealed the OSAS advantages, such as Accessibility even with a low internet connection, Ease of assessment, Convenience of submission, Ability to track and monitor progress, User-friendly, No stress to use, and Lower cost. On-the-other-hand two drawbacks reported poor network signals and the pressing buttons. Overall, all learners recommended OSAS due to its convenience, ability to access even offline, less hassle on internet cost, effective aid in the teaching-learning process, and ability to track their progress personally.

 

Keywords: submission, assessment, chatbot education, earth and life science
Intracellular and extracellular thiol/disulfide homeostasis in bacterial sepsis
Authors: Avcıoğlu Gamze , Otal Yavuz , Erel Ozcan
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bakteriyel sepsis (BS) patogenezinde birçok mediatör ve biyobelirteç rol oynamakta olup tam
olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Çalışmanın amacı oksidatif stresin BS patogenezine katkısını değerlendirmek
için BS'de hücre içi okside glutatyon (GSSG)/indirgenmiş glutatyon (GSH) ve serum tiyol/disülfid (hücre
dışı) homeostazis testlerini analiz etmektir.
Gereç ve yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 49 hasta ve 43 sağlıklı gönüllü olmak üzere toplam 92 kişi dahil edildi.
Sepsis ve septik şok için üçüncü uluslararası konsensüs tanımlarında tanımlanan BS kriterlerinin yüksek
olasılık ve pozitif kan kültürü olan olgular çalışmaya dahil edildi. Kan örnekleri, hücre içi ve hücre dışı
tiyol/disülfid homeostazis testleri için kullanıldı.
Bulgular: BS ve kontrol grubu karşılaştırıldığında, BS grubunda GSH, total glutatyon (GSH+GSSG),
disülfid, İndeks-3, nativ tiyol ve toplam tiyol düzeyleri kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede düşüktü
(İndeks-3 için p<0,001 ve disülfid için p<0.05). GSSG düzeyleri açısından iki grup arasında anlamlı fark
saptanmadı. BS grubunda yaş, CRP, PCT, WBC ve RDW, MCV, N/L ve Index-2 düzeyleri kontrol grubuna
göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p<0.05).
Sonuçlar: BS'de total tiyol ve nativ tiyol düzeyleri ile GSH ve total glutatyon düzeyleri azaldı. Bozulmuş
hücre içi ve hücre dışı tiyol/disülfid homeostazisinin oksidatif stresi artırarak BS patogenezi üzerinde
etkileri olabilir
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on biochemistry laboratory test consumptions and diversity
Authors: Bozkaya Giray , Bilgili Sibel
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü'nün pandemi olarak kabul ettiği SARS-CoV-2'nin neden olduğu hastalığa
COVID-19 adı verildi ve o zamandan beri dünya çapında yayıldı. COVID-19 salgını, yaşama ve çalışma
şeklimizi büyük ölçüde değiştirdi. COVID-19 gibi olaylar sırasında tıbbi laboratuvarlarda kaynak ve sarf
malzemelerinin doğru yönetilmesi çok önemlidir. Bu makale, COVID-19 salgını sırasında laboratuvar
test taleplerindeki değişiklikleri araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Metod: Pandemi öncesi dönem (Nisan 2019 - 2020) ile pandemi dönemi (Nisan 2020 - 2021)
arasındaki tıbbi biyokimya laboratuvarı test tüketim istatistikleri hastane bilgi sistemi kullanılarak
değerlendirildi. Biyokimya test sayısındaki değişimler yüzde olarak verildi.
Bulgular: Nisan 2020-2021'de test için alınan toplam numuneler, Nisan 2019-2020'ye göre %63,22'lik
bir düşüş gösterdi. Genel düşüşün aksine COVID-19 için prognostik biyobelirteçler olan fibrinojen, Ddimer, prokalsitonin, CRP, troponin I, prealbümin, kan gazı analizlerinin test taleplerinde artış tespit
edildi.
Sonuç: Pandemi sırasında pandemi öncesi döneme kıyasla genel rutin biyokimyasal test tüketimlerinde
ve COVID-19 prognostik biyobelirteç test taleplerinde önemli değişiklikler tespit edildiğinden
laboratuvar yöneticilerinin hazırlıklı ve dikkatli olmasının çok önemli olduğu sonucuna varıldı.