bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Paradigmatic Critique of Harold Pinter’s The Caretaker
Authors: Dr Ajita Bhattacharya
Published: September 2021

Harold Pinter lived and wrote his plays after the World War period. In this period scholars were associated with the portrayal of unrefined and crude factors of warfare which were, directly and indirectly, related to the people of that time. They also depicted how governments were exploiting common people in the name of safety and warfare.  Despite the fact that Pinter's plays are not actually about warfare or the circumstance of Wars, his plays have the impressions of warfare in various shades. His plays display various levels of human existence. There is an exploration of mental, social, financial, human relationship, and the existential methodology of existence with ludicrousness in his plays. Pinter’s relationship is with the real elements of human existence and activities. He denies the idea of realism in his plays and says that “If you press me for a definition. I would say that what goes on in my plays is realistic, but what I’m doing is not realism” (The Essential Pinter, 11). He always tried to depict concrete and particular idea in his plays through concrete characters. He never wrote his plays for any kind of abstract idea. He is associated with realism in the matter of approach of depiction to the crude and drastic realities of the time. He has represented the post-war British socio-political issues, sensibilities and psychological as well as mental states of the human mind.
The Meeting of a Saint and a Poet: W.B. Yeats and Purohit Swami
Authors: Dr. Sanjay Kumar Dutta
Published: September 2021

A literary artist seldom works in a vacuum, in isolation; rather, he draws materials of his art from the social, cultural, political and philosophical currents of his milieu, and eventually contributes his interpretation of these ideas to society. Yeats is not an exception; but his critical sensibility looked far towards Indian ideas. He found Indian ideas of art, philosophy, and religion inspiring and stimulating to such an extent that a vital part of career was engaged in assimilating as well as reproducing them through his own art. Though Yeats’ critics and biographers have already noted the impact of Indian thought on his poetry, the present paper endeavors to show the interface between Yeats and Purohit Swami and how their friendship resulted in a mutual enrichment.
Merging Identities: A Study of Jhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies
Authors: Dr. Padmini Sahu
Published: September 2021

Jhumpa Lahiri’s characters in her short story collection Interpreter of Maladies keep wandering between the two worlds- one in their homeland and the other in the country where they choose to live and die. Lahiri records the emotional journey of characters seeking love and searching their identity beyond the barricade of nations, cultures, religions and generations. Mr. Kapasi is an interpreter of maladies and the malady of Mrs. Das is to be an unfamiliar person to her family’s culture, as Lahiri herself is an erudite interpreter of maladies- both social and emotional. Since, Mrs. Das is undertaking a second migration, she turns to be an interpreter like Mr. Kapasi whose job interests her so much. The characters’ longing to belong to either or both the habitats, their urge to de-stress the distress of alienation by searching an identity in their native heritage add value to the writer’s creative intensity. She illustrates her characters sprouting in the centre of a new crossbreed culture, the Indo-American awareness as Lahiri herself, the true representative of the second generation Indian in America.
Improving the function of a high obesity program: Findings from community-engaged Mississippi Delta focus groups
Authors: King Erin , Baird-Thomas Connie , Robertson Angela , Smith Masey , Buys David
Published: September 2021

In this policy and practice brief, Mississippi State University Extension Services applies a coalition-driven approach to addressing the prevalence of obesity in communities in the Mississippi Delta through its High Obesity Program, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Focus groups were conducted with coalition members from six counties to evaluate efforts by this program. The evaluation team used content and thematic analysis to report on coalition activities. Some of the barriers coalition members identified were limited access to healthy foods and the need for more assistance from program staff. Action items were developed and implemented in response to focus group feedback. These items included enhanced communication tools and coalition trainings. This evaluation brief describes some of the common challenges in coalition building and innovative ways to improve them. Our focus group findings are also valuable to public health scientists and practitioners working in rural communities.
START - UP COMPANY AND BUSINESS INCUBATORS. WHAT ECONOMIC VALUE?
Authors:   PhS Lecturer, University Center of Tipaza Morsli Abdallah - Alegria, Nawel Irayen , Amina Latroche ,   PhD Lecturer, University of Mostaganem, Algeria
Published: September 2021

This article addresses the issue of start-ups representing a new economic model through their business role, as well as business incubators that combine the entrepreneurship of start-ups with the resources that are usually available for new business activities, which calls for research into the concept of start-ups and business incubators and their importance in the national economy of any country.
FREE MOVEMENT OF PERSONS AND THE LEGAL SECURITY OF DOCUMENTS WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors:   Associate professor Faculty of Public Administration, National School of Political Studies and Public, Bucharest, Romania, Cocoșatu Mădălina , Marinică Claudia Elena ,   PhD Assistant, Faculty of Public Administration, National School of Political Studies and Public, Bucharest, Romania
Published: September 2021

The increase of international and European Union migration has led to increasing attention to the impact of Member States' legislation on the recognition, legal certainty and standardization of procedures for the movement of official documents, as part of the free movement of persons within the European Union. This article responds to European Union's needs by examining the extent to which the various regulations, in particular regulations having direct and immediate application, being long and complex and comprehensively governing some cross-border procedures that underline the recognition of official documents within the European Union. It is a fact that the Union facilitates and accelerates the cross-border application of aspects of the free movement of persons in private international law, encourages the simplification of the requirements for the presentation of certain official documents in EU, while strengthening the security of Union citizens' identity cards and residence documents etc. By using the historical and comparative method, the conclusions drawn from this analysis refer to the need to apply these legislative rules established due to the necessity to ensure legal certainty and predictability at Union level, but also offering to European citizens an attractive option compared to the classic variants of international law, the latter providing at times a more convincing and comprehensive legal certainty.
THE CONURBATION OF THE CENTER-EAST OF MONASTIR BETWEEN INDIVIDUALITY AND FUNCTIONAL COMPLEMENTARITY
Authors:   PhD, Université de Sousse, Tunisie, Landolsi Samia
Published: September 2021

The towns of central-eastern of Monastir have over time been able to form an urban complex, which is referred to as conurbation. The study shows that this form of urban growth is not simply due to the coalescence of urban fabrics, favored by the short distances that separate these cities. It is also the result of the complementarity already established between these centers, although they are originally individualized. The study of spatial structures shows that these cities have remained individualized and their respective structures are well characterized. They do not appear in a uniform mass; they each have a more or less complex structure comprising residential areas, various facilities, an industrial area, etc. Moreover, these agglomerations today have very strong links of interdependence and constitute a veritable urban complex where functional complementarities clearly appear; each city makes its contribution to the functioning of the whole system and it happens that some stand out in one sector or another.
INSTITUTE OF OWNERSHIP IN THE POST-COMMUNIST REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA
Authors:   Lecturer Ph D and researcher in Mediterranean University of Albania, Alushi Besmir , Aliaj Erjola ,   Lecturer Ph D and researcher in Mediterranean University of Albania
Published: September 2021

Ownership as a genuine institute of civil rights in the Republic of Albania began to be considered complete only after the change of political systems. Until this period, ownership was a fragmented and incomplete institute due to the fact of the existence of public property, which was one of the principles of the ideology of the monist system. With the change of the corpus of domestic legislation and the signing of international agreements ratified in civil law, the concept of private property will undergo a fundamental change. Building a civil code totally different from the existing one would bring about a different treatment of private property. In the new code, private ownership would be of paramount importance both from a doctrinal and practical point of view. The implementation of the legislation would be a challenge in itself which, in addition to the positive part, will also face issues that are still part of the law practices. The focus would be on restitution and compensation of property to former owners but at the same time the private property institute would address in itself the new ways of acquiring probationary property, property protection and everything else related to this institute of which is considered a fundamental right by the Constitution of the Republic of Albania and the European Convention on Human Rights.
The influence of parenting styles and parents' mindfulness practices on adolescent emotional maturity behavior
Authors: Lukito Yeti Purnamasari , Suherman Suherman
Published: September 2021

Emotional maturity can be obtained through parenting and mindfulness practice. This study aims at looking the relationship between parenting and the parents 'mindfulness practice on teenagers' emotional maturity behavior. This research utilized quantitative method using descriptive analysis with collecting data by the questioner. The sampling method was done by proportionate stratified random sampling method with a sample of 89 teenagers at the Ekayana Serpong Temple, Tangerang, Banten. Based on the results of the hypothesis test with regression analysis of the parental value is Sig 0.003 <0.05, or Tarithmetic 3.010> ttable 1.98793. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between parenting on the emotional maturity behavior of teenagers. Hypothesis test results on parents 'mindfulness practices are Sig 0.000 <0.05, or t arithmetic 3,988> ttable 1.98793, these show that there is a correlation between parents' mindfulness practices on the emotional maturity behavior of teenagers. Based on the results of the hypothesis test, it is known that the significance value for the influence of parenting and parents' value is 43.189> F table 3.10. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an influence of parenting and parents 'mindfulness practices simultaneously towards emotional maturity behavior of teenagers, amounting to 50.1%, which means there is a positive influence between parenting and parents' mindfulness practices on emotional maturity behavior of teenagers. The results contribute to valuable knowledge for parents to be aware of better parenting patterns and the importance of practicing mindfulness, especially to shaping the emotional maturity behavior of teenagers.
Cengiz Han Ve Bütüncül Dünya Tasavvuru
Authors: Kalan Ekrem
Published: September 2021

The Mongol Empire, which emerged as a result of the Mongol unity under the leadership of Genghis Khan has left its mark on world history as the world’s largest land empire ever. It is as difficult to establishing establish such an enormous state and to keep it alive. For this reason, thanks to the public diplomacy, which was laid down by Genghis Khan and passed on to future generations with the Steppe Law, which is known as the Genghis Law, it has succeeded in attaining the identity of a world empire politically, economically, and culturally. It is worth mentioning that the foundations of this policy put forward by Genghis Khan correspond to the Turkic perception of world domination. As Genghis Khan believed in one God and one state as is the case according to Chinese and the Turkic state traditions. He put forward a holistic worldview in political, economic, and cultural terms: Genghis Khan’s successors also continued to further his vision in all the lands they conquered, and especially in Eurasia which they dominated. After the second half of the XIIIth century, Mongol Empire ruled in Eurasia for more than a century and has been one of the first and most important examples of the holistic worldview with the policies followed by the Mongolian Khans.
Cengiz Han’ın İktisat Düşüncesi ve Mirası
Authors: Tuğrul Mehmet , Korkut Cem
Published: September 2021

"The first date the Mongolian name was used in historical sources is the VII. century. Mongols were considered an insignificant tribe in this period. The use of the Mongolian name as a state and dynasty coincides with the period of Genghis Khan. Mongols had very close relations with the Turks during the periods when they emerged as a political power, and these two nations were influenced by each other in many ways during the Great Hun, Göktürks and Uyghurs periods. The period when the Mongols played their main role in the world history scene was during the Mongol Empire established by Temüjin. Temüjin gathered the Mongol tribes under a single state administration and received the title of Genghis Khan. The spreading momentum at the time of Genghis Khan enabled the Mongols to establish one of the largest empires in history. So much so that this empire dominated about a quarter of the world. Most researchers tend to explain these expansionist activities of Genghis Khan and his legacy for the successors with barbarism and brute force. However, this explanation is inadequate not only in many respects but also in terms of understanding Genghis Khan’s economic activities and the administrative system he established. The most important reason for this is that the sources related to Genghis Khan period are mostly insufficient. In this study, existing sources will be examined from the perspective of economic history. In addition, the Laws of Genghis Khan (Yassa) will be analyzed in terms of economy. This study analyzes the economic activities of Genghis Khan and the economic structure of the Mongol Empire at that time."
Effectiveness of Blended Learning in Learning Biological Science At Standard XI
Authors: Dr. D. Sumathi  , Mrs. Shyla Gnanam Ebenezer
Published: September 2021

The major purpose of the study was to explore the impact of blended learning on the achievements of students. The study was experimental type. Equivalent group study design was used. The collected data of both groups were analysed and interpreted using mean, standard deviation and t-test, and conclusions were drawn. The results of the study were in the favour of blended learning approach, therefore, it is suggested that this approach should be widely used in conventional classroom at various levels of education.
Judicial Pronouncement on Women Crime Victims in India: A Critical Study
Authors: Anuradha Singh
Published: September 2021

In India the Constitution makers were aware of the discrimination women faced in the society. Preamble is the soul of the Constitution it provides equality of status and opportunities to women. Judiciary reflected it’s mind through judgment. In series of judgments Judiciary have categorically stated there is discrimination prevailing and the women are facing bias and prejudice in the society. Supreme Court of India struck down the discriminatory policies and attitude of society in the series of judgments and also directed the legislature to form laws to protect women. It is the Vishakha guidelines which led to The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013. Supreme Court states it is the duty of the government to protect the life and dignity No individual or group has the right to interfere in a consensual and legal relationship between two adults the court opined in Nitish Katara Case. The Central government stated before the court it was consulting with states to draft a law against honour killings.
The neglected role of Student-Faculty Interaction in Quality of Indian Higher Education
Authors: Arsh Arora  , Kaveri Arora
Published: September 2021

There are various ways to enhance the quality of education in universities as it is an essential vitamin in the diet of students’ learning. The research paper focuses particularly on student- faculty interaction which is generally a neglected aspect. The authors adopted intensive secondary research to understand and analyze the role of student-faculty interaction in enhancing the quality of education. Besides, the authors also conducted primary research for economics students for analysis. The authors found that the research in this field is rarely taken up in India by academicians and thus, there are a lot of gaps to fill. There are no large-scale studies conducted to provide evidence regarding the impact of interaction on students and how it is affected by gender, social class, and ethnicity.
Extraction and characterization of type 1 collagen from the skin and scales of Heterotis niloticus and Lates niloticus
Authors: Ayo Victoria Ifeoluwa , Musa Dickson Achimugu , Egwim Evans Chidi
Published: September 2021

The study is aimed to extract and characterize collagens from the skin and scale of two selected Nigerian freshwater fish species (Heterotis niloticus and Lates niloticus) using either pepsin (PSC) or acid-soluble (ASC) extraction. The collagen was extracted using 0.5M acetic acid and pepsin. The collagen yield was determined and characterized by SDS PAGE, and FTIR. Collagen extraction yields varied with the extraction process; the yield was significantly higher in the skin (5.08±0.34–33.97±1.78 %) than in the scale (1.76–8.05 %). The absorption peaks of the extracted collagen using acetic acid and pepsin show that only ASC of skin (3344.27 cm-1) and scale (3495.85 cm-1) of H. niloticus shows the peaks characteristic of Amide A, while Amide B peaks of collagen extracted from the skin and scale of H. niloticus and L. niloticus were found at 2974.46 cm-1 and 2925.7 cm-1 , representing an asymmetrical stretch of CH2. Similarly, ASC on the skin (1558.36 cm-1) and scale (1576.46 cm-1) of H. niloticus shows the absorption peak characteristics of amide II. ASC on the skin of H. niloticus (1671.05 cm-1), PSC on scale of H. niloticus (1658.55 cm-1), and on scale of H. niloticus (1678.65 cm1) shows absorption peaks in range characteristic of amide 1. There were no differences in the skin and scale collagen profiles among the two fish species when characterized by SDS-PAGE. Our data revealed that the skin and scale of Lates niloticus and Heterotis niloticus could be a good alternative source of high-quality collagen for industries.
La inclusión educativa en la Universidad Central del Ecuador desde las percepciones del estudiantado
Authors:   Universidad Central del Ecuador, Yépez Moreno Alba Guadalupe , Castillo Bustos Marcelo Remigio ,   Universidad Central del Ecuador
Published: September 2021

This paper presents the description of the students perceptions of the Central University of Ecuador regarding the inclusive education in the university context. The data collection was carried out through the analysis of 10 life histories of students with special educational needs associated with disabilities and situations of vulnerability, and 48 interviews applied to two students of each faculty of the aforementioned institution. The data was analyzed with Atlas Ti software. 8.0. The results reveal that in the research context there has been an important integration of students with special educational needs associated or not with disability. However, due to inherent limitations of policies, cultures and inclusive practices; socio-educational relationships and interrelationships are generally fragmented, traditional and homogenizing, same that with a view to a supposed regularity, in practice, are highly exclusive. The researchers affirm that their interests, motivations and needs are met in a limited way in the university context. Since the curriculum is inflexible and the physical facilities are not very accessible, they have to adapt to contexts and processes by making immeasurable efforts. Keywords: inclusive education, inclusive policies, inclusive cultures, inclusive practices, higher education.
Estrategias didácticas para mejorar el trabajo colaborativo
Authors:   Universidad Tecnológica Indoamerica, Becerra García Eulalia Beatriz , Endara Prieto Gloria del Rocío ,   Universidad Tecnológica Indoamerica, Poma Rojas Rita Piedad Edilma ,   Universidad Tecnológica Indoamerica
Published: September 2021

The objective of the proposal is to improve collaborative work in students of General Basic Education in the Educational Unit of "Quisapincha", where you can see a lack of interest when working collaboratively, the project aims to use teaching strategies, which are essential tools for driving the educational process and the construction of new knowledge to generate a bond of good coexistence, human and social relationships to achieve teamwork and harmonic groups, the research uses a qualitative-quantitative methodology, since the analysis and interpretation of the techniques and instruments such as the interview and survey, it was determined that the third year students of basic general education work individually and in isolation with absence of coexistence and values of collaboration; Therefore, it is suggested to use a manual of collaborative teaching strategies that will strengthen the development of skills and attitudes such as: critical and creative thinking, responsibility for learning, searching, organizing, creating and applying information, promoting collaborative learning and self-reflection on learning itself. Keywords: collaborative work, teaching strategies, teamwork.
Aula invertida en tiempos emergentes covid-19
Authors:   Universidad Tecnológica Indoamerica, Becerra García Eulalia Beatriz , Quintana Pacheco Karina Belén ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Reyes Pacheco Edisson Iván ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador
Published: September 2021

Horizontal communication in virtuality requires synchronous and asynchronous processes that benefit students and teachers by fulfilling the activities inherent to their role. But, in atypical circumstances, it is necessary to propose the flipped classroom as an accompaniment strategy for the advancement of the construction of the monograph work of the students of the International Baccalaureate in Spanish Category 1. Through the systematization of professional experience. The purpose of the teaching accompaniment guide is to systematize the progress of the construction of the teaching work through the flipped classroom based on a schedule of activities and the tools necessary for exploration as a didactic strategy to improve the teaching-learning process. A learning systematization sheet was applied, which showed that students have difficulties to carry out their synchronous activities, therefore, the use of the flipped classroom is proposed as an alternative solution to the problem addressed. Keywords: flipped classroom, communication, teaching-learning, skills.
Inteligencia sexual en relación con la autoestima en adultos
Authors:   Profesional en Libre Ejercicio, Paredes Morales Estuardo Beethoven , Ñacato Ñato Ruth Stefanía ,   Profesional en Libre Ejercicio, Salas Sandoval Javier Alexander ,   Profesional en Libre Ejercicio
Published: September 2021

The research is based on the theory of social learning and cognition proposed by Albert Bandura, the main objective is find the relationship between sexual intelligence and self-esteem in adults. The methodology used was of a quantitative approach, of a non-experimental type, with a cross-sectional design and an associative correlational scope; For this, a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 384 adults in the city of Quito, Ecuador was used. For data collection, a sociodemographic survey designed by the researchers was used, the Sheree Conrad and Michael Milburn Sexual Intelligence Test and the Rosemberg Self-Esteem Scale for adults. To test the hypothesis, the Chi-Square test was used; whose p-value = .000, which is why the null hypothesis (𝐻𝑜) was rejected, and it is affirmed that there is a relationship between sexual intelligence and self-esteem. To complement this information, Cramer's V correlation coefficient was used, the result of which is V = .263, which means that the relationship between the variables is weak. Therefore, it is concluded that despite having a moderately low sexual intelligence, self-esteem is good, besides, that self-esteem is mostly good for people with age ranges over 40 years regarding age groups older. young boys. Keywords: sexual intelligence, self-esteem, adults.
Discursos juveniles desde un caso en la ciudad de Bayamo-Cuba. Reflexiones en tiempos de la Covid-19
Authors:   Universidad de Oriente, Espinosa García Reynier , Guerra Roblejo Elizabeth ,   Casa de la Nacionalidad, Yero Perea Maylin ,   Universidad de Oriente, Delgado Tornés Alisa Natividad ,   Universidad de Oriente
Published: September 2021

Discourses are viable mechanisms for the study of different positions in relation to certain objects and phenomena. As a form of social practice, discourses refer to agents, institutions and practices that are structured in certain contexts. This preliminary exploratory study analyzes the diverse discursive positions of young people in the face of the emerging social situation in the context of COVID-19. It was carried out from the perspective of the sociological analysis of discourse, in the perspective of socio-hermeneutical analysis. The object of study consisted of the provoked speeches of 13 young bayameses residing in an interval between the Urban Historic Center (calle 3 de Camilo Cienfuegos) and the northern periphery (calle 24 de Ciro Redondo), using the semi-structured interview technique. The results show some discursive positions regarding the perception of risk of contracting the pandemic, the main changes associated with hygiene standards, local initiatives, the protection of vulnerable groups, and the management evaluation of the information they receive. Key words: discourse analysis, discursive positions, COVID- 19, youth discourse.
SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION AND VALIDATION OF CANAGLIFLOZIN AND METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE IN BINARY MIXTURE
Authors: Nalawade Vivek , Shaikh Mohammad A. , Ghodke Vidula ,   Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM’s Shobhabehen Pratapbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, NMIMS deemed to be University, Mumbai-400 056, Maharshtra, India,   Department of Quality Assurance, Vivekanand Education Society’s College of Pharmacy, Mumbai-400 074, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the work was to establish a UV spectroscopic method for the simultaneous estimation of canagliflozin and metformin hydrochloride in a binary mix. This method involves interpretation of simultaneous equations based on measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths, 237 nm and 290 nm, using UV-visible spectrophotometer with 1cm matched quartz cells. Methanol solvent was employed in this method. The developed method obeyed Beer’s-Lambert’s law in the concentration range of 2-12 µg/mL, having correlation coefficient 0.9998 and 0.9994 for canagliflozin and metformin hydrochloride, respectively. Different validation parameters like accuracy, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantitation were examined and found to be within the limits. The results of the method were validated as per ICH guidelines. A novel, simple, sensitive, rapid, accurate and economical spectrophotometric methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of canagliflozin and metformin HCl. The technique can be used to determine the amount of canagliflozin and metformin HCl in a mixture containing canagliflozin and metformin. The absorptivities of canagliflozin and metformin HCl are 0.0481 and 0.0921, respectively. Sandell’s sensitivity (mg/cm2 /0.001 absorbance unit) for canagliflozin and metformin HCl was found to be 0.025 and 0.02931, respectively.
ANALYTICAL QBD APPROACH FIRST ORDER MODEL - ROBUST RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ASSESSMENT OF ALOGLIPTIN AND METFORMIN
Authors: Anumolu Panikumar D. , G. Sunitha , B Priyanka . , G. Mounika , A Shilpa . ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Gokaraju Rangaraju College of Pharmacy, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500 090, Telangana , India
Published: September 2021

Quality by design refers to the achievement of certain predictable quality with desired and predetermined specifications. The objective of this study was to demonstrate an integrated multivariate approach to quantify the constituent concentrations of alogliptin and metformin in combination by simultaneous assessment method using Sigma Tech software with three variables (flow rate, pH of the buffer and % of organic phase) at two levels (first order) and to observe the effectiveness of those variables on response as theoretical plates to optimise the critical method parameters. The method conditions were optimized using a SPOLAR C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm id, 5 µm particle size) column in an isocratic mode with potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer, pH 3 and acetonitrile (80:20 % V/V) as mobile phase pumped at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and UV detection at 235 nm. The analytical method conditions were verified for robustness and validated as per standard guidelines. The linear regression analysis data for calibration plots showed good linear relationship with r2 =0.999 for both the drugs in the working concentration range of 5-25 µg/mL for alogliptin and 50-250 µg/mL for metformin, with retention times 11.68 and 4.98 min, respectively. The proposed method was applied for quantification of the studied drugs in tablets, spiked human plasma and the results revealed percentage recovery of 99-100 % for both alogliptin and metformin. Moreover, the method was also utilized to study the in vitro dissolution profiles of marketed tablets as per FDA dissolution data base.
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HEPATOPROTECTIVE MATRIX TABLET CONTAINING METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CORDIA DICHOTOMA LEAVES
Authors: Abdullah Mohd. , Kushwaha Poonam , Usmani Shazia , Singh Namita ,   Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow- 226 026, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: September 2021

Cordia dichotoma, belonging to the family Boraginaceae, is a medium sized tree with a short, usually crooked trunk, which is found throughout India. C. dichotoma is beneficial in conditions of liver disease and inflammation. The present investigation was designed to develop a sustained release herbal matrix tablet containing C. dichotoma leaves extract for the treatment of liver disorders by exploiting the knowledge of the traditional system of medicine. Three herbal tablet formulations of methanolic extract of C. dichotoma were developed by the wet granulation method using the blend of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers like HPMC E-5, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, Poloxamer 188, and ethyl cellulose. The tablets were evaluated for physicochemical properties and in vitro release study followed by stability testing to assess its shelf life. In vitro hepatoprotective effect was also studied, which is based on protection of human liver-derived HepG2 cells against CCl4 exposed toxicity. Physicochemical properties were found to be within limits. The percentage of drug release after 12 h was found to be 75.65, 79.75, and 82.49 for formulation F-1, F-2 and F-3, respectively. The proposed study demonstrates that developed herbal matrix tablet can serve as a successful sustained drug delivery system with the added benefit of no side effects for control and cure of chronic conditions of the liver.
TOPICAL GEL OF EXTRACT OF MANGIFERA INDICA L. SEED KERNELS; AN INDIGENOUS PLANT WASTE FOR POTENTIAL ANTI-ACNE ACTIVITY
Authors: Varhadi Leena , Kitture Shweta , Desai Namita , Palshetkar Aparna ,   Department of Pharmaceutics, C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy SNDT Women’s University, Santacruz (W), Mumbai – 400 049, Maharashtra, India
Published: September 2021

The present study was aimed at the development of topical gel of extract of Mangifera indica L. seed kernel and evaluation of its in vitro antibacterial activity. Various extracts using different solvents were prepared and evaluated for in vitro activity against Propionibacterium acnes. Ethanolic extract of M. indica L. seed kernel exhibited the highest in vitro antimicrobial activity and was considered further. Topical gels of this ethanolic extract were prepared using different polymers such as Carbopol 974P, Xanatural 180 and Methocel K15M in varying concentrations. The topical gel of 10 % w/w ethanolic extract of M. indica L. seed kernel with 2% w/w Carbopol 974P was uniform and yellowish transparent with satisfactory spreadability. The developed gel showed greater in vitro antimicrobial activity as compared to marketed herbal cream. These results indicate the potential of topical gel of ethanolic extract M. indica L. seed kernel as anti-acne formulation developed from plant waste product.
SYNTHESIS, IN SILICO ANALYSIS AND ANTICONVULSANT ACTIVITY OF NOVEL PYRIMIDINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Aggarwal Natasha N. , Revanasiddappa B. C. , Felicity Banylla , Kumar Vijay , Kumar Hemanth ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Nitte -Deemed to be University, Paneer, Deralakatte, Mangalore-575 018, Karnataka, India,   Department of Pharmacology, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Nitte -Deemed to be University, Paneer, Deralakatte, Mangalore-575 018, Karnataka, India
Published: September 2021

In this present study, a novel series of chalcones (C1-10) were synthesized by reacting 4-nitro acetophenone and various substituted aromatic aldehydes in an alcohol medium. The title compounds, pyrimidine derivatives (PD1-10), were obtained by the cyclization of chalcones (C1-10) with guanidine carbonate in an alcoholic medium. Each of the newly synthesized compounds was structurally assigned in accordance with FT-IR, 1 H-NMR and mass spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were subjected to in silico analysis among which, some of the synthesized compounds were chosen and evaluated for in vivo anticonvulsant study by employing PTZ-induced seizure and MES seizure models. Compounds PD2 and PD7 demonstrated significant anticonvulsant activity when compared to the standard.
VACCINE CHALLENGES
Authors:   Associate Editor, Indian Drugs, Rao Nagaraj
Published: September 2021

Dear Readers, According to several estimates, India currently accounts for about 20% share in the global supply of generic medicines and 62% share of the global demand for vaccines by volume. Vaccines accounted for USD 33 billion or 2% of the global pharmaceutical market in 2019 by value. This share is likely to grow by 64% and increase to USD 54 billion by 2027, as per recent developments and current market research studies. This presents a great opportunity to the Indian pharmaceutical and diagnostics/medical equipment industries and research institutes in general and to the Indian vaccine manufacturers in particular – provided the challenges can be overcome and the serious problems facing the Indian generic manufacturers are bypassed.
Resistance Training for Rehabilitation in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Vainshelboim Baruch , Myers Jonathan
Published: September 2021

Resistance Training for Rehabilitation in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Baruch Vainshelboim()1 and Jonathan Myers2 

1Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Research Institute, Mountain View, CA, USA
2Cardiology Division, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System / Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA

© The Authors

 
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating condition that causes severe symptoms, impaired functional capacity and poor quality of life. Exercise training has been shown to be a safe and effective therapy for improving physical function, dyspnea and quality of life in patients with IPF. However, due to pathophysiological limitations and symptom burden, conducting safe and effective exercise interventions is challenging; optimal program components and training modalities are yet to be established. Resistance training (RT) is a well-established exercise modality for combating effects of aging, disuse and chronic diseases, although there are scarce data available among patients with IPF. The current review briefly summarizes the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of IPF and describes the numerous health and clinical benefits of RT among older adults and patients with respiratory disease. It then explores the potential RT mechanisms for overcoming exercise limitations in IPF, which may provide a therapeutic opportunity for rehabilitation. Finally, the review suggests practical RT recommendations for pulmonary rehabilitation programs in patients with IPF.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Makanan Pendamping ASI (Mp-ASI) Dengan Status Gizi Pada Anak Umur 6-24 Bulan
Authors: Surka I Wayan , Marga Dianinta Ni Luh , Rosa Liyanti Ni Luh Gede
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Status gizi merupakan keadaan keseimbangan antara asupan dan kebutuhan zat gizi yang diperlukan tubuh untuk tumbuh kembang terutama untuk anak balita, aktifitas, pemeliharan kesehatan, penyembuhan bagi mereka yang menderita sakit dan proses biologis lainnya di dalam tubuh. MP-ASI merupakan makanan atau minuman yang mengandung zat gizi, diberikan kepada bayi atau anak umur 6-24 bulan guna memenuhi kebutuhan gizi selain dari ASI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) dengan status gizi pada anak umur 6-24 bulan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Kediri 1 Tabanan.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian analitik korelasional dengan rancangan cros sectional. Populasi yang diambil dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 38 orang. Metode dalam pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini  menggunakan metode non probability sampling dengan sampel 38 orang.

Hasil: Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini yaitu: sebagian besar pengetahuan ibu tentang makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) berada pada kategori pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 18 responden (47,4%). Pada status gizi anak pada umur 6-24 bulan sebagian besar berada pada kategori status gizi kurang 18 responden (47,4%). Penelitian ini  menggunakan uji spearman rank correlation didapatkan  nilai korelasi 0,728 dengan p-value sebesar 0,000, oleh karena p-value 0,000 kurang dari α = 0,05, maka hipotesis diterima.

Simpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang makanan pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) dengan status gizi pada anak umur 6-24 bulan di Puskesmas Kediri 1 Tabanan tahun 2017.
Pengaruh Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Menyusui Terhadap Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Di Tabanan
Authors: Dewi Sariyani Made , Pebriana Santi Ady Ni Kadek
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi Bali (2010) didapatkan bahwa pemberian ASI eksklusif 6 bulan di Bali baru mencapai 36,54% dengan kisaran terendah 26,86% dan tertinggi 49,87%, sedangkan di Kabupaten Tabanan mencapai 36,88%,dan di Puskesmas Kediri I mencapai 36,48%. ASI eksklusif adalah perilaku yang hanya memberi ASI kepada bayi sampai usia 6 (enam) bulan tanpa makanan tambahan (Siregar, 2004). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat pengetahuan ibu menyusui terhadap pemberian ASI Ekslusif di Puskesmas Kediri I Tabanan tahun 2016.

Metode : Rancangan penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi dengan pendekatan cross sectional study time. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2016 sampai Juli 2016 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kediri I Tabanan. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 52 orang.

Hasil: Berdasarkan nilai positif koefisien β menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan seseorang yang lebih tinggi semakin baik orang dalam memberikan ASI eksklusif kepada bayi dan sebaliknya. Jadi ada pengaruh antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu menyusui dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif pada bayi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kediri I Tabanan Tahun 2016. Perlu adanya peningkatan pengetahuan ibu dengan kerjasama lintas sektoral dan instansi terkait untuk mendapatkan dukungan dalam pelaksanaannya. Program menyusui ASI eksklusif ini dengan memberikan penyuluhan danleaflet tentang ASI eksklusif kepada ibu hamil dan menyusui di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kediri I Tabanan untuk meningkatkan tingkat pengetahuan ibu selama menyusui.

Simpulan: Simpulan penelitian ini adalah masih terdapat responden yang memiliki pengetahuan yang kurang tentang ASI Eksklusif.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Emesis Gravidarum Dengan Perubahan Berat Badan Trimester 1 Di Puskesmas Baturiti 1 Tahun 2017
Authors: Friska Armynia Subratha Hesteria , Ari Kusumayuni Dewa Ayu
Published: September 2021

Latar Belakang Emesis gravidarum adalah gejala yang wajar atau sering terjadi pada kehamilan trimester I, hal inilah yang menyebabkan rasa tidak nyaman pada ibu hamil, namun kurangnya pengetahuan ibu tentang emesis gravidarum juga dapat memperparah kondisi ibu hingga terjadinya penurunan berat badan yang drastis. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil  tentang emesis gravidarum dengan perubahan berat badan ibu hamil trimester 1 di Puskesmas Baturiti tahun 2017.nMetode penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Variabel yang digunakan adalah variabel independent yaitu tingkat pengetahuan tentang emesis gravidarum dan variabel dependentnya adalah perubahan berat badan ibu hamil trimester 1 yang mengalami emesis gravidarum.Sampel penelitian sebanyak 34 orang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menyebarkan test dan lembar observasi berat badan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan untuk menganalisa adalah uji korelasi Spearman Rank. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat pengetahuan responden paling banyak dalam kategori kurang yaitu 16 orang (47,05%) dan perubahan berat badan yang paling banyak  dalam kategori turun yaitu 19 orang (55,88%). Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi pada analisis data diperoleh nilai  P = 0,00 lebih kecil dari α 0,05 dan  rho  sebesar 0,654 . Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif dan kuat antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang emesis gravidarum dengan perubahan berat badan ibu hamil trimester 1. Simpulan yang dapat diambil dari penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut hendaknya petugas kesehatan di puskesmas lebih efektif dalam memberikan informasi tentang emesis gravidarum agar tidak terjadi penurunan berat badan yang sangat drastis.
Hubungan Pemberian ASI Dan Susu Formula Dengan Status Gizi Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan
Authors: FRELESTANTY EKA , Haryanti Yunida
Published: September 2021

Latar belakang dan Tujuan: Kekurangan Gizi dapat mengakibatkan gangguan pada perkembangan dan pertumbuhan tubuh bayi dan ASI memberikan banyak manfaat pada bayi terutama nutrisi (zat gizi) dalam ASI sesuai dengan kebutuhan bayi. Masalah gizi di dunia (WHO) merupakan masalah utama yang belum terselesaikan. Kekurangan gizi mengakibatkan sekitar 35% kematian anak balita di dunia. Secara nasional (RISKESDAS) prevalensi gizi burut-kurang di Indonesia adalah 19,6 %. Rekapitulasi data Gizi pada tahun 2014 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Dara Juanti Sintang yaitu, dari 420 balita dari usia 0-60 bulan dengan penilaian status gizi buruk 2,62%, status gizi kurang 15,48%, status gizi baik 80,48%, status gizi lebih 1,43%. Cakupan ASI yaitu sebesar 29,4 %. Tujuan penelitian ini ntuk mengetahui Hubungan Pemberian ASI dan Susu Formula Dengan Status Gizi Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Dara Juanti Kabupaten Sintang Tahun 2017”.

Metode: Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriftif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu simple random sampling dengan j um lah sampel 46 responden instrument penelitian menggunakan checlist.

Hasil: Hasil sebagian besar (54,3 %) bayi di berikan ASI, (45,7%) bayi di berikan Susu Formula dan hampir seluruh bayi di kategorikan status gizi baik (84,8%)

Simpulan: Terdapat Hubungan Yang Signifikan Antara Pemberian ASI Dan Susu Formula Dengan Status Gizi Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan Di Puskesmas Dara Juanti Sintang Tahun 2017 di peroleh hasil p-value= 0,002.
Material characterization and structural response under earthquake loads of hakka rammed earth buildings
Authors:   NSF Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure and Constructed Facilities Center, West Virginia University, Liang Ruifeng , Stanislawski Daniel ,   NSF Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure and Constructed Facilities Center, West Virginia University, Hota Gangarao ,   NSF Center for Integration of Composites into Infrastructure and Constructed Facilities Center, West Virginia University
Published: September 2021

Hakka Tulou are rammed earth buildings that have survived material aging, natural weathering and earthquakes for hundreds of years. Previous paper has reported our observations and findings from nondestructive evaluations in field with focus on the integrity of the rammed earth outer walls and inner timber structures as well as the thermal comfort of living in these buildings. This paper presents the structural response of Tulou buildings under earthquake loads using material data from field and employing finite element (FE) analysis program. The material characterization included scanning electron microscopy and compression strength/modulus of rammed earth samples and wall reinforcements, revealing their high strength and durability. The FE analyses were conducted on unreinforced Huanji Tulou as per the simplified lateral force analysis procedure defined by the Code ASCE-7 under three types of wall conditions: 1) unreinforced rammed earth outer wall only, 2) reinforced rammed earth outer wall without inner wooden structures, and 3) unreinforced rammed earth outer wall with inner wooden structures. The FE modeling revealed that the existing large crack in the outer earth wall of Huanji Tulou would not have developed under a strong earthquake load if the earth walls were reinforced. Furthermore, the high volume rammed earth wall integrated with inner timber structures would have offered the building unique earthquake resistance.
Settlement Of Marine Boring Bivalve Larvae On Wood Soaked Horizontally And Vertically In Pelabuhan Ratu Bay, West Java
Authors: Yulianda Fredinan
Published: September 2021

Pieces of red meranti wood (Shorea leprosula) were soaked in horizontal and vertical positions in sea water for 9 weeks. Two species of bivalves settled on the wood: Bankia campanellata (Moll & Roch) and Martesia striata (Linné). Average densities of settling larvae were 125 ind. 100 cm-2 on horizontal wood, and 95 ind. 100 cm-2 on vertical wood, indicating a tendency to settle on the top side of the wood. The number of larvae settling on wood immersed at the surface was not significantly different from wood at 1.25 m depth.
Front Matter
Authors: Jmi Admin
Published: September 2021

Front Matter