bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automatic detection system for performance curve of exhaust valve of tractor turbocharger
Authors: Dong Mingming , Lu Shen , Wang Mengyao
Published: March 2021

The matching of the tractor turbocharger and the engine has a great influence on the vehicle’s dynamics, economy and other parameters. The bypass air release adjustment scheme has been widely used due to its simple structure and high reliability. Therefore, a platform capable of qualification testing is needed to test and evaluate the performance of the air release valve. This article carried out the design of the hardware detection platform of the bypass valve, and completed the program design based on the force control configuration program platform, which mainly includes manual static, automatic static and dynamic detection of the tractor turbocharger exhaust valve Procedures etc. The detection system has the characteristics of low cost, high degree of automation, high detection accuracy, and strong stability, and can perform detection of different types of bypass valves. The performance of the hardware platform and software was verified through experiments. The experimental results show that the detection system can meet various requirements and can be used for the detection of actual vent valve production.
Reliability Analysis of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors packaged with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics based on FMEA
Authors: Li Yongjie , Liu Zheng , Zhu Pingyu , Zhang Nan
Published: March 2021

The performance of packaged Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors with carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) may degraded even functional failure with the working time increases. The reliability of this kind of packaged FBG sensors has been analyzed by using the FMEA method in this paper. Considering the working environment of FBG sensor, such as alternating loads and ageing, the related failure modes are discussed. The risk index of each failure mode is calculated. The relationship between different failure modes is analyzed, and as well as the weak links of the packaging design and process of the FBG sensor. The results are helpful to improve the availability and the reliability of packaged FBG sensor by CFRP.
Technical study and experimental research on the cloud collaboration model of Soften-standardized
Authors: Pan Jiafang , Tang Shixiao , Rong Xingpeng , Liu Hanying , Huang Faguo , Tu Chengsheng
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses and analyzes the technical ideas of the soften-standardized cloud collaborative manufacturing model of bearing components with seat, including soften-standardized processing, intelligent fitting algorithm, intelligent matching algorithm and product data flow. Because it has obvious advantages compared with the traditional group assembly method, it can be expected that this technology will become a competitive choice for low cost processing and high quality production of large-scale precision assembly components manufacturing enterprises. In order to verify the feasibility of this technology in mass production, a set of experimental methods are designed and verified step by step. The experimental results show that the technology is not only feasible, but also can change the existing factors of production. The failure rate of bearing and bearing can approach zero theoretically and the assembly quality of bearing assembly is higher.
Fault diagnosis of VSG inverter under grid connection
Authors: Zhang Yan-Kai , Luo Yi , Li An-Hao , He Yu-Hua , Wang Tengfei , Cheng Zhe
Published: March 2021

Under different working conditions, the output variable waveform corresponding to the same fault will be different. This article introduces the VSG inverter model under grid connection and verifies the correctness of the model. The three-phase current of the inverter bridge arm is selected as the research object, and the time-domain two-dimensional graph is formed as the And classify single IGBT and 2 IGBT open circuit faults, and encode various faults. eature vector; the deep convolutional neural network is established and the fault diagnosis is performed, and the feature vector is used as the input and the corresponding fault code is the output. The training simulation realizes and verifies the feasibility and accuracy of the fault diagnosis of the VSG inverter using the deep convolutional neural network.
Review on Fault Diagnosis on the Rolling Bearing
Authors: Zhang Tengfei , Liu Shuyong , Zhang Suai
Published: March 2021

As the most basic parts of rotating machinery, the health condition of rolling bearing affects the performance and safety of the whole mechanical equipment. Therefore, the accurate fault diagnosis of rolling bearings is the basic condition to ensure the good working condition of the equipment. This passage reviews the research on fault diagnosis methods at home and abroad. Based on two aspects of fault feature extraction and fault pattern recognition, the advantages and disadvantages of the main methods were analyzed respectively, and the research trend of bearing fault diagnosis was summarized and prospected.
ASAFPN:An End-to-End Defect Detector With Adaptive Spatial Attention Method
Authors: Ouyang Sen Shan , Li Yucheng , Cao Ming Sheng , Chen Chen
Published: March 2021

Industrial defect inspection aims to detect unqualified products from those samples under detection, which plays a vital role in ensuring the quality of products. In this paper, an end-to-end defect detection network is proposed to locate the defect position of steel plate images and predict the defect category. In the detection network, we propose a novel feature pyramid network module, which is called the adaptive spatial attention feature pyramid. It can effectively fuse the texture features at low levels with semantic features at high levels. Based on the proposed module, persuasive experiments are carried out using different backbone networks. Experimental data shows that the feature pyramid module can effectively extract different levels of information and adaptively fuse multiple hierarchical features to improve the detection effect of the network.
Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing under Variable Speed Conditions using Multisynchrosqueezing Transform
Authors: Liu Qi , Wang Yanxue
Published: March 2021

Fault diagnosis of rolling bearing has always been the focus of engineering research. Under variable speed conditions, the fault characteristic frequency will change with time. Time-frequency analysis method is an effective tool for studying time-varying signals, but the traditional time-frequency analysis method is easy to generate a plane with low time-frequency resolution and poor energy concentration, which is difficult to meet the requirements of practical applications. In this paper, we introduce a recently developed time-frequency post-processing technique, called multisynchrosqueezing transform. By performing multiple SST operations, this method can greatly improve the time-frequency energy concentration and obtain a satisfactory representation. Finally, this method was used to diagnose the rolling bearing faults in variable speed conditions successfully, and the effect was better than the traditional time-frequency analysis methods.
Analysis of time-varying meshing stiffness of helical gear pair with tooth surface spalling
Authors: Zhang Yongjie , Liu Wen , Song Chen , Lin Tengjiao , Duan Mingxu
Published: March 2021

Time-varying meshing stiffness (TVMS) provides significant information about the health of gear systems. Tooth spalling will change the TVMS. Considering the contact state of gear pair, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of tooth surface spalling on the TVMS of helical gears. Firstly, the meshing stiffness analysis algorithm of helical gear pair with tooth surface spalling is proposed, based on the potential energy method, slicing method and numerical integration formula. Then the influence of different spalling parameters on the TVMS of helical gear pair is analysed by considering spalling length, width and the oblique cylinder bottom shape. Finally, the results show that the contact line falls into the defect area, the spalling has the most significant effect on the stiffness. The influence of oblique cylinder shape at the bottom of spalling is mainly affected after the contact line passes through the spalling area. This study improve the theoretical basis for spalling fault of helical geared mesh.
High precision auxiliary positioning system of drilling bit posture based on visual encoder
Authors: Haoyu-Zhang  , Fan-Zhang  , Pingyu-Zhu
Published: March 2021

In order to obtain the accurate spatial position reconstruction of the drilling bit wear surface, a drilling bit posture measurement system based on visual encoder is proposed in this paper. A tool clamping device with adjustable posture is designed for 3D digital microscope to hold the drilling bit with outer diameter within 6-8mm. The adjustment of the spatial posture of the drill bit is completed by the cooperation of two rotating discs whose axes are perpendicular to each other. The shaft of the vertical rotating disk is consistent with that of the encoder, and its rotation angle is used as the reference and measured accurately. The experimental results show that the angle detection accuracy is 0.1 degree. The accurate angle information provides the basis for the machine.
General uncertainty analysis and synthesis for a precision boomed centrifuge
Authors: Wang Shiming , Zhang Xiaolong , Li Yibin
Published: March 2021

The general precision uncertainty of a centrifuge is suggested here to determine whether a precision centrifuge is suitable to calibrate inertial sensors. The possible centrifuge errors that affect the accuracy of the specific input forces are analyzed with three kinds of centrifuge errors identified: displacement error, angular rate error, and attitude error. Taking an accelerometer’s calibration on a centrifuge as an example, the specific force components for the three axes of a tested accelerometer are acquired using a homogeneous transformation algorithm. The impact of the uncertainty for each kind of error source on the specific force is calculated, and their contributions to the general uncertainty of the centrifuge are acquired. Through simulation, by limitation of the tolerances towards the centrifuge errors, the general uncertainty of a precision centrifuge is designed to satisfy the requirements of the pre-design in 6×10−6. And the influence of the general uncertainty on calibration accuracy of error model coefficients of accelerometer is calculated, mostly on C

op
. The influence of the error which accounts for a large part of the general uncertainty on the calibration accuracy is mainly studied. Simulation results show with the increase of the general uncertainty of centrifuge, its influence on the calibration accuracy of error model coefficient is greater. And when the general uncertainty is constant, the influence of the general uncertainty on the calibration accuracy can be reduced by increasing the input specific force.
Research on model predictive peak current control algorithm for real-time inductance Identification
Authors: Zhang Dong , Zhang Yiming , Liang Biao , Wang He
Published: March 2021

Compared with the traditional PI control, the current loop based on model predictive control has better dynamic performance and is widely used in the field of power electronic control. Peak current control (PCC) can conveniently protect the peak current of inductance, avoid the saturation of inductance, and easily realize the over-current protection of converter. In this paper, a model predictive peak current control algorithm for real time inductance identification is proposed for BOOST converter, and a method of double sampling peak current and valley current is proposed to realize real time identification of inductance value in a sampling period, which improves the dynamic performance and robustness of the algorithm. Simulation and experiment show that the proposed method can identify the inductance value in real time and track the reference value of the inductance current in two control periods.
Identification and Control of Elongation System of Skin Passing Mill Based on Intelligent Algorithm
Authors: Ren Xin-Yi , Gao Hui-Min , Xu Hai-Wei , Huang Hua-Gui , Sun Jing-Na
Published: March 2021

In view of the nonlinear, time-varying and time-delay characteristics of elongation control system of skin pass mill, according to analysis of the mechanism model of elongation control system of skin pass mill, BP neural network was used to identify the structural parameters of the model. With reference to the regulating function of biological immune system and the function of fuzzy reasoning logic which can approach nonlinear function, a fuzzy immune PID control strategy was proposed to improve the elongation control accuracy of skin pass mill combining fuzzy control and immune feedback mechanism with traditional PID control. The simulation results show that the control strategy has the advantages of small overshoot, fast response, strong anti-interference ability and robustness, and the control effect is better than the traditional control method.
Fast-axis collimating lens recognition algorithm based on machine vision
Authors: Wu Guodong , Zhu Ma , Jiang Qiuyue , Sun Xiang
Published: March 2021

In order to solve the problem of low efficiency and low accuracy of manually picked fast shaft collimation lens in actual production, the method of recognition of fast shaft collimation lens based on machine vision is studied. Using industrial camera to achieve image acquisition, using HALCON software to pre-process the image of fast-axis collimated lens, edge detection and other aspects of research, through the platform verification, the results show that the processed image is clear and easy to identify. In the lens placement is not accurate, the background is dirty can still ensure a better positioning effect, This study has some reference significance for visual recognition in the actual production of fast-axis collimation lens.
A Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition based on Convolutional Neural Network and Median Filtering
Authors: Zhuang Yuan , Liu Qiong , Qiu Chengjun , Wang Cong , Ya Fudong , Sabbir Ahamed , Yan Jiaqi
Published: March 2021

With the rapid growth of researches toward computer vision and pattern recognition, methods that based on convolutional neural network (CNN) have shown unique advantages on handwritten characters recognition, also provided impressive results. This paper proposes a model based on CNN to deal with matters of handwritten Chinese character recognition. Different with conventional recognition system, in this model, input images are preprocessed by median filtering to smooth and reduce noise. For testing the stability and performance of the model, two testes are managed respectively. In integral test, experimental results show that the accuracy rate of recognition approach to 90.91% after 5000 times training, mean square error is decreased to 0.0079 at last. Meanwhile, this system also has a good performance at real-time test.
Citrus recognition based on YOLOv4 neural network
Authors: Wang Changhong , Luo Qiang , Chen Xin , Yi Bingliang , Wang Haibao
Published: March 2021

In order to realize the accurate and rapid recognition of citrus fruit by autonomous picking robot in natural environment, a citrus recognition method based on YOLOv4 neural network is proposed. This algorithm improves the YOLOv4 model and uses the Kmeans++ algorithm to obtain the prior frame in the model to enhance the scale adaptability. Take citrus pictures independently and expand the data, use the LableImage platform to mark the data, and train the network model under the Darknet framework. According to the results, the citrus recognition model has good robustness and real-time performance to the common interference factors and their superposition in natural picking environment. The average recognition accuracy is 89.23 and the average detection speed is 60 ms. The average recognition accuracy is 89.23. It meets the requirements of real-time image recognition speed and accuracy of citrus picking robot.
Research on Visual Logistics Big Data Information Service System
Authors: Li Na , Yao Wei
Published: March 2021

Big data visualization is a new technology, from the core functions of data collection, storage, calculation, scheduling, advanced search, and other core functions, and based on cloud computing to scientifically manage data to ensure data security and stability. How to use big data visualization in logistics management is a problem that needs to be solved now. The paper introduces the main functional modules of the urban logistics big data platform and its system design and implementation. The platform is an information service platform with “big data” as the core and “data analysis” as the center, using cloud computing, significant data tooling, and other information technologies are used to establish an urban logistics big data platform to realize comprehensive functions such as credit evaluation of logistics and warehousing enterprises, display of warehousing space distribution and analysis of warehousing resource usage, and improve the public service capabilities of logistics institutes.
Research on Fault Diagnosis Method of Train Rolling Bearing Based on Variational Modal Decomposition and Bat Algorithm-Support Vector Machine
Authors: Jin Zhenzhen , He Deqiang , Chen Yanjun , Liu Chenyu , Shan Sheng
Published: March 2021

Aiming at the problem that the vibration signal of train rolling bearing presents nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics, which leads to the difficulty of fault feature extraction, a fault diagnosis method of train bogie rolling bearing based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and bat algorithm optimization support vector machine (BA-SVM) is proposed. Firstly, the center frequency method is used to determine the K value of VMD algorithm. Then, the original signal is decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode components and the distribution entropy of each component is calculated as the feature vector, and the bat algorithm is used to optimize the model parameters of support vector machine. Finally, the BA-SVM model is used for fault pattern recognition of train rolling bearing. The experimental results show that this method can effectively extract the fault characteristics of train rolling bearings and realize fault diagnosis, and the recognition rate is better than that of the comparison method.
Research on load simulation control system based on optimal H∞ method
Authors: Yang Wenlin , Lv Haoliang , Zhou Xiaoqi , Li Gen , Li Yafeng
Published: March 2021

In order to optimize the accuracy of the vehicle load simulation system, the control framework of the system is established based on the speed tracking method. Based on H∞ mixed sensitivity method, a disturbance observer is established. In order to solve the problem that the order of disturbance observer is too high to restrain disturbance directly, a design constraint framework of disturbance observer is proposed, and the optimization of disturbance observer is realized in the constraint framework. The simulation and experimental results show that the optimized disturbance observer has stronger disturbance rejection ability.
An explicit and implicit hybrid method for structural topology optimization
Authors: Zhang Junfeng , Liu Enhai , Liao Jingyu
Published: March 2021

In order to improve the manufacturability of topology optimization results, this paper proposes a hybrid method based on explicit description of Moving Morphable Components (MMC) and implicit description of Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP). The method uses the global convergence characteristics of SIMP to quickly obtain the main force transfer path of structure, and threshold processing is used to eliminate the problem of gray-scale elements generated by SIMP. Furthermore, a morphological idea is proposed to simplify the structure. Then, components are used to fit the structure and extract its geometric parameters, and transition to the MMC is further optimized. Finally, this paper studies several typical examples, and compares them with the single MMC method from three aspects of design domain components layout, structural compliance values, and structural uniformity. The results show that the structure obtained by hybrid method has smaller structural compliance value and significant increase in the uniformity of the structure size.
Cooling prediction of motorized spindle based on multivariate linear regression
Authors: Zhou Huimin , Wang Zhan
Published: March 2021

In order to reduce the influence of heat produced by motorized spindle on the machining performance, cooling of motorized spindle need to be studied. Based on the multiple linear regression theory, the motorized spindle cooling model was established according to the temperature conditions of different cooling water temperatures and flow rates for the cooling process of the motorized spindle temperature. The validity of the model was verified by three verification methods. Based on the experimental data, the numerical simulation model of the motorized spindle cooling is established. It is effective and reliable to verify the mathematical model of the motorized spindle cooling with three test methods. The results showed the cooling prediction model of motorized spindle was relatively stable.
Hierarchical multi-layered scaffolds based on electrofluidodynamic processes for tissue engineering
Authors: Piegat Agnieszka , Niemczyk Agata , Boccaccini Aldo R , El Fray Miroslawa , Liverani Liliana
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study was to obtain hierarchical scaffolds combining 3D printing and two electrofluidodynamic methods. The multi-layered scaffold is composed by 3D printed struts, electrospun fibers obtained from poly(ϵ-caprolactone) and electrosprayed spheres produced from hydrophobically modified chitosan, namely chitosan grafted with linoleic acid (CHLA). Since CHLA has been used for the first time in the electrospraying (electro dynamic spraying, EDS) process, the formation of spheres needed an optimization process. The EDS process was strongly affected by the solvent mixture composition, concentration of acid used for CHLA dissolution and solution flow rate. By using the optimized electrospraying conditions, uniformly distributed spheres have been obtained, decorating struts and nanofibers. Preliminary biological tests with mouse preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) were performed to investigate the effect of the hierarchical scaffold on cell seeding efficacy. Results showed that the hierarchical structure enhances cell seeding efficacy, respect to the 3D printed struts alone, preventing that the cells passed through the struts during the seeding. Moreover, the addition of the electrosprayed nanoparticles does not affect the cell seeding efficiency. The versatility of the proposed structure, with the added value of CHLA nanoparticles decoration could be suitable for several applications in tissue engineering, mainly related to drug delivery systems.
Projected changes in wind speed and wind energy potential over West Africa in CMIP6 models
Authors: Akinsanola Akintomide Afolayan , Ogunjobi Kehinde O , Abolude Akintayo T , Salack Seyni
Published: March 2021

The development of wind energy in West Africa is essential to meet the rising energy needs due to population growth and societal development. However, only few studies have investigated the changes in turbine hub-height wind characteristics over the region under changing climate. This study aims at assessing the impact of climate change on wind power density (WPD) over West Africa using the simulations from the newly developed Coupled Model Intercomparison Project version 6 (CMIP6) models. The CMIP6 near-surface wind speed and directions simulations for the historical climate (1985–2014) were compared with ERA5 reanalysis data using multiple descriptive statistics. Relative to ERA5 reanalysis, the CMIP6 models alongside their multimodel ensemble mean (EnsMean) realistically reproduce the near-surface wind characteristics (i.e. wind speed and directions) across most subregions of West Africa, although noticeable biases still exist. Overall, the CMIP6 EnsMean performs better than most individual models at capturing the near-surface wind speed over the region. Under global warming, we find a robust projected increase (about 70%) in WPD over the Guinea coast subregion of West Africa, especially in June–July–August season. The December–January–February and March–April–May seasons show alternating projected WPD increase and decrease, with predominantly robust projected decrease over the Sahel subregion. The projected increase over the Guinea coast has strong temporal qualities, with the end of the century (2070–2099) changes showing stronger magnitude compared to the mid-century (2040–2069) changes, and thus may provide a commercially viable renewable energy source.
Discriminating qubit amplitude damping channels
Authors: Rexiti Milajiguli , Mancini Stefano
Published: March 2021

We address the issue of the discrimination between two-qubit amplitude damping channels by exploring several strategies. For the single-shot, we show that the excited state does not always give the optimal input, and that side entanglement assistance has limited benefit. On the contrary, feedback assistance from the environment is more beneficial. For the two-shot, we prove the in-utility of entangled inputs. Then focusing on individual (local) measurements, we find the optimal adaptive strategy.
Effect of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene on the Properties and Grading of Local Asphalt Binder in the UAE
Authors: Alnaqbi Ali , Zeiada Waleed , Al-Khateeb Ghazi , Ezzat Helal , Shanableh Abdallah
Published: March 2021

Flexible pavements in the UAE are subjected to heavy traffic loading repetitions and severe weather conditions which are the main causes of local pavement deteriorate. Fatigue cracking and rutting are most common deterioration types. One effective solution to mitigate both pavement distresses is to use asphalt modifier technologies to improve the properties of asphalt binders used locally in the UAE. The main goal of this study is investigating the effects of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) on the rheological properties of local asphalt binder as well as its grade based on both penetration and Superpave grading systems. Three different SBS contents of 2.5%, 4.5%, and 6.5% by weight of asphalt binder were utilized. It was found that increasing SBS content increased the asphalt binder softening point and rotational viscosity and decreased the penetration value. SBS-modified asphalt binders were less susceptible to temperature changes. Superpave performance results showed that SBS-modified asphalt binders exhibited higher rutting parameter G*/Sin δ values as the SBS content increased for both unaged and short-term-aged conditions. Adding 2.5% SBS increased the asphalt penetration grade from 60/70 to 40/50 and the performance grade (PG) from 64 to 70. For the 4.5% and 6.5% SBS cases, the asphalt binder PG increased to 76 and 88 respectively. SBS-modified asphalt binders were found to possess significantly higher mixing and compaction temperature ranges compared to the control asphalt binder.
Accuracy of RSA Design Demands for Multi-Tower Buildings
Authors: Youssef Tarek , Chintanapakdee Chatpan
Published: March 2021

Response spectrum analysis (RSA) procedure commonly used in design practice has been found to underestimate design forces in tall buildings. This study aims to check the accuracy of the RSA procedure when applied to multi-tower buildings sharing a common podium. Two hypothetical multi-tower buildings, the first consists of two towers with the same height (building SH), and the second consists of two towers with the different height (building DH), were designed for Chiang Mai site of Thailand using the conventional RSA procedure, and then the nonlinear response history analysis (NLRHA) is carried out. Results from NLRHA, which is the most accurate method, were used as reference values to evaluate the accuracy of RSA procedure. The results show that seismic shear demand from nonlinear analysis is about 3 times larger than the demand obtained from the RSA procedure. This could lead to shear failure in the shear walls designed by RSA procedure. Since the elastic method is preferred in practice, a modified response spectrum analysis (MRSA) procedure previously proposed for computing shear demand in regular tall buildings, was tried to apply to irregular tall buildings in this study. It is found that MRSA provides good estimates of shear force in vertical elements. MRSA can significantly enhance the design of tall buildings by avoiding brittle shear failure.
Optimizing Knitted Fiber-Reinforced Composite Carabiners
Authors: Fu William , Ahmadikia Behnam
Published: March 2021

Due to the looping geometry of the knitted fibers, composites reinforced by knitted fabrics excel particularly in their light weight, high impact strength, and adaptable contourability for complex shapes. Currently, knitted fiber-reinforced composites are mainly used in applications involving substantial impact stress, such as helmets and car crash guards, but the applications of knitted fiber-reinforced composites can be expanded if its weak tensile strength is improved. Carabiners are one possible application with high potential and a lack of extensive previous research. Optimizing knitted fiber-reinforced composites with improved tensile modulus can help create lighter, but still structurally strong, carabiners. Climbing-grade composite carabiners are not currently available, but these lighter carabiners can help stem the many issues caused by the excessive weight on climbers’ harnesses. To achieve this goal, we used computer-aided design and micro-scale simulations to optimize the design of the knitted-fiber reinforced composites to improve the tensile modulus to be comparable to standard carabiner materials.
Upgrading and Renovating Practice of the Schoolhouse in the High-density Old Town
Authors: Chen Zhiyuan , Wang Zhiyao , Qin Haiyang
Published: March 2021

In view of the degradation of the existing structure of the school buildings in the old city and the need to update the education model in the new period, whether to upgrade the function of the school building has become a key issue for the education department to improve the quality of teaching. In the process of renovation, there are many challenges in the design and construction of how to upgrade and renovate the school buildings with excellent historical buildings with a long history in the old city with dense buildings and public facilities. This paper takes the renovation of excellent historical buildings at No. 95 Huqiu Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai as an example. Through the description of the buildings and implementation process, it highlights the important role played by technological innovation in the upgrading and renovation of school buildings.
Define the End Users Preferences and Issues among Residential Houses in the UAE: Citizens vs. Non-Citizens
Authors: Albattah M , AbuNamous E , Mansour S , Bande L
Published: March 2021

One of the most desirable things for human beings is to own a house. Some governments, such as in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), have a system with different programs for their citizens to own the house. Generally and by applying one of the available programs, there are two ways to own a house in the UAE. The first way is to get a loan and buy a house that is already built (constructed house), and the second way is to get a loan and build a house on owned land (non-constructed house). The main purpose of this study is to define the citizens’ preferences between these two options, furthermore the issue based on these preferences and compare them with the non-citizens. Also, this study explores their perceptions of number of features that can be applied in their future house. The authors applied a Simi-structured interview targeting the current and potential house owners in Al-Ain city, UAE. The authors found that most of the participants prefer to build their own (non-constructed house) instead of buying a (constructed) one. Also, the most desirable features that the participants prefer are the ones they can benefit while occupying the house (i.e. flexibility to add or remove spaces, and flexibility to change the house elements).
Degradation behaviour of plasticized PLA/CNTs nanocomposites prepared by the different technique of blending
Authors: Norazlina H. , Suhaila A. , Nabihah A. , Rabiatul M.M , Zulhelmie I. , Yusoh Y.
Published: March 2021

The present research goals to investigate how the preparation technique became the factor to develop materials with a good combination of properties and optimum degradation ability. PLA/CNTs nanocomposites were prepared via melt blending and solution blending that were involved of unmodified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and modified CNTs (mCNTs) at 1.5 wt.% loading. The surface morphology of nanocomposites was viewed by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The effect of 5 wt.% poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) as plasticizer on nanocomposites were determined. The weight loss in soil degradation study was run for 6 months. The morphology study by FESEM confirmed the finding through the existence of a smooth fracture surface especially when PEG was loaded. In soil degradation analysis, neat PLA exhibited a low weight loss rate after 6 months. The maximum weight loss for both techniques was shown by PLA/PEG/CNTs from melt blending technique and PLA/PEG/mCNTs from solution blending, believed from the pore occurred bring to poor properties.
Comparative study between furnace brazing and laser brazing
Authors: Y. Erny A. M. Y. , Fadhil A. R. , Aiman M. H. , Ishak M. , Quazi M. M.
Published: March 2021

Nowadays, brazing has been widely used in many industries, especially in the automotive application. The brazing process is introduced as it can be used to join the different metals together without melting the parent material. In this present study, furnace brazing and laser brazing of Ti-6Al- 4V titanium alloy and 316 L stainless steel (SS) with silver-based, BAg 8-1.5Ti filler metal were studied. There are significantly different between furnace brazing, also known as conventional brazing method and laser brazing in terms of joining strength and microstructure reaction. Furnace brazing was performed at 870°C and 880°C with 30 minutes of heating duration. Meanwhile, laser brazing was performed using a 200Watt continuous wave laser with varying laser power. Both of brazing method was conducted with a vacuum pressure of 3×10−3 Pa. Besides, to maintain the accuracy of the temperature measurement of laser brazing, an infrared thermometer is used. The tensile test was conducted to analyse the mechanical properties. The cross-sections of the brazed joints have been examined using an optical microscope. The brazed joints of the furnace brazing show an average tensile strength of 55.89 kPa for 880°C and 43.16 kPa for 870°C. Nonetheless, the maximum tensile strength of laser brazed joints was 27.95 kPa, which is lower than furnace brazed joints.
Recent progress on the corrosion characterization of magnesium (Mg) prepared by powder metallurgy technique
Authors: Romzi M A F , Alias J , Ramli M I M
Published: March 2021

This paper reviews the progress on the corrosion characterization of magnesium (Mg)based material prepared by the powder metallurgy (PM) technique. In recent years, Mg alloys and composites produced by the powder metallurgy technique have been gaining interest in many industries especially in biomedical applications. Mg is also being used to improve battery electrodes and be considered for next-generation secondary batteries with remarkable energy and capacity density. Nevertheless, bare Mg is known to have poor corrosion resistance in most environments with occurrences such as non-uniform corrosion attack, high and fast reaction, microgalvanic corrosion of Mg-matrix and intermetallic particle and formation of non-protective hydroxide film after longer exposure in corrosive environment. New fabrication methods of Mg, such as the PM method are likely to benefit future Mg’s mechanical and corrosion properties. Utilizing the latest corrosion characterization method is needed to ensure accurate and precise methods for investigating corrosion behaviour. The recent approach and progress in characterizing Mg’s corrosion behaviour, specifically that have been prepared by the PM technique is considered in this paper.
An Experimental Evaluation of SiO2 nano cutting fluids in CNC Turning of Aluminium Alloy AL319 via MQL Technique.
Authors: Syafiq A.M. , Redhwan A.A.M. , Hazim A.A. , Aminullah A.R.M. , Zainal Ariffin S. , Nughoro W. , Arifuddin A. , Hawa A.B.S.
Published: March 2021

The present study evaluate the performance of SiO2 nano cutting fluid in CNC turning of AL319 Aluminium Alloy combined with MQL technique. The cutting performance namely surface roughness, cutting temperature and tool wear were investigated against feed rate and spindle speed. The spindle speed of 1000 to 1800 RPM and feed rate of 0.10 to 0.20 mm/rev were used as the input parameter. While the MQL nozzle pressure is kept constant at 0.5 MPa. The cutting performances of SiO2 nano cutting fluid with three volume concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) were then compared to the conventional CNC cutting fluid. Beforehand, the suspended form of SiO2 is dispersed in CNC conventional coolant base. One-step and dilutions methods were used in preparing nano cutting fluid. Response surface method (RSM) via Face centered design (FCD) was employed in designing the experimental work. The stability of SiO2 Nano cutting fluid is observed via visual sedimentation. The experimental outcome depicts lowest cutting temperature of 28.4°C and surface roughness of 1.08902 Ra when SiO2 nano cutting fluid with 1.5% volume concentration is employed. It can be concluded that the higher the SiO2 Nano fluid volume concentration, the better the surface roughness quality and lowering the cutting temperature. While no significant result shown in tool wear due to short period of experimental cutting time and relative soft material coupled with coated insert carbide used. Longer cutting time with higher concentration of SiO2 nano cutting fluid is recommended in future work in order to obtain significant result in tool wear.
Effects of aircraft noise on residents nearby a Malaysian airport
Authors: Athirah B. , Nurul Shahida M.S.
Published: March 2021

In this study, the effects of aircraft noise on the residents living nearby Sultan Ismail Petra Airport, Kelantan, Malaysia, were investigated. A questionnaire survey involving 60 participants revealed that 46.67% agreed that aircraft noise is a source of disturbance in their daily routine. On-site noise level measurements were carried out over a 2-week period at seven locations (P1–P7) surrounding the airport, where each location represents a different distance from the noise source. The daily average noise levels were within 50–65 dB(A), which exceeded the World Health Organization’s recommended maximum indoor noise level and recommended maximum outdoor noise level of 35 and 55 dB(A), respectively. However, the daily average noise levels were lower than permissible exposure limit of 90 dB(A). Based on the results, it can be concluded that exposure to the aircraft noise may affect the quality of life of nearby residents in the long term.
Glare prediction of solar PV system in airport environment: A scenario analysis of material, tilt and orientation
Authors: Sreenath S. , Sudhakar K. , Yusop AF
Published: March 2021

The application of solar PV is suitable in airport areas for energy generation due to the availability of vast open spaces. At the same time, there is possibility of glare from solar PV array which may affect the visibility of pilots and air traffic controllers. This paper attempts to perform glare assessment for conceptual solar PV system located in an airport of India using ForgeSolar software under four different scenarios. These four scenarios are solar PV modules with smooth glass, smooth glass with anti-reflective coating (ARC), light textured glass with ARC and different tilt & orientation angles respectively. The location of the proposed site, details of solar PV array and characteristics of observers are provided. The occurrence and duration of glare for each scenario is obtained from the software. The impact of glare is assessed based on solar glare standard set by Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Among the studied scenarios, safe value of glare is obtained in Scenario 4 only at specific values of tilt and orientation angle. A tilt angle of 15 degrees and orientation angle of 135 degrees is the suitable value with 99.1 % of theoretical energy output. It is observed that the yellow glare impact on ATC reduced in the descending order of Scenario 1 (2122 min), Scenario 2 (296 min) and Scenario 3 (0 min). It is concluded that proper selection of tilt and orientation angle of solar PV array aids in achieving zero minutes of glare for airport conditions.
Development of CNC Milling Machine for Small Scale Industry
Authors: Nugroho Wasis , Rifai Damhuji , Embong Aminul Hakim , Aziz Kamarul Adnan Abd , Embong Ahmad Siraji , Awang Haswandi , Ibrahim Mohd Faizal
Published: March 2021

The development of small-scale industry (SME) has increased the demand of small-scale CNC machines since the implementation of machine in production of small-scale product shown a profitable economic value. The use of machines in the fabrication of small part has been proven to increase product production efficiency as well as reduce product costs. This is able to increase the business profits of small companies and push the business development to a higher level. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the development of 3-axis CNC machines using integration between microcontroller as main controller and spindle drill. The main application of this built machine is to cut and carve low-hard materials such as wood and acrylic material. The design product to be fabricate is sent to the microcontroller through a serial communication system. The microcontroller will control the movement of the spindle drill according to the point coordinates to perform the desired engraving or cutting according to the desired design. Three tests to determine the quality of product production are carry out. The tests are surface section, circular test and axial perpendicular test which can determine the accuracy of cutting geometry such as position, straight, roll, tone, evaporate and perpendicular to the work section under certain tool grooves and feed rate. The results of tests carried out on the products produced by the 3-axis CNC machine developed showed that this machine has a cutting and engraving accuracy of 98.5% and a depth accuracy of 100% for wood and archival materials. This machine is suitable for carving 2D and 3D objects with a maximum size of 30 cm x 30 cm.
Vibrodiagnostics of hoisting crane mechanisms using simulation modeling
Authors: Ganshkevich A Yu , Fadeev Ph O
Published: March 2021

The subject of the research is an opportunity to increase the efficiency of vibration diagnostics of hoisting cranes through the use of simulation of the vibration signal. In the article the basic approaches developed by the authors to construction of the type diagram of a mechanism and modeling of a vibrating signal of the crane mechanism with operational defects are resulted. The basic design dependences for the description of a vibrating signal of the mechanism with defects at presence of amplitude and frequency modulation are obtained, approaches to modelling of stages of acceleration and braking of the mechanism are formulated, the technique of modelling of a noise component of a signal is identified. The possible areas of application of simulation modeling during vibration diagnostics are shown and a brief description of the results obtained is given. Pre-imitation modeling will improve the detection of defects during the vibration diagnostics of cranes and reduce the time spent on the analysis of the obtained results.
Mathematical modeling of overhead crane under conditions of stress-strain state of metal structure as a control object
Authors: Lenivtsev A G , Dudanov I V , Fadeev A S
Published: March 2021

The article considers an example of the application of the existing mathematical model of an overhead crane to equipment with irreversible structural defects. The course of the solution of the problem is considered: obtaining primary data, finding the existing mathematical model of the crane, adapting it to the problem in question, building a computational model, modeling and analyzing the results obtained. The peculiarity of a crane as a control object is the non-typical state of the metal structure. The overhead crane is in this state after prolonged operation of the equipment with incorrect loading and control modes. As a result of such operating modes, significant wear of the wheels and the rail track take place. Worn elements must be replaced. The frequency of wheel replacement is very intensive, and is about twice a year. The process of replacing wheels with corner boxes is a very expensive procedure – it is necessary to buy equipment, stop the warehouse for a few days and attract staff. To eliminate such costs, it is proposed to conduct a simulation of the crane in order to identify methods of controlling it. The result of the first stage of modeling is the answer to the question: is it possible to operate the crane that is deformed using the correctly selected control mode.
Research of robotics and automation of construction processes in Russia
Authors: Mikheev G V , Soloveva E V , Yanovskaya E D , Guzhev A Y , Barna A R
Published: March 2021

An important role in the construction industry is played by the robotics of individual processes in construction. However, despite a wide range of scientific and design developments in the field of construction, the level of automation and robotization processes remains quite low. This is due to the need to systematize the performed research and development, to carry out complex research and development activities. The paper presents data on the technological prerequisites for robotization of construction processes in Russia. The factors hindering the use of industrial robots in Russia are identified. The distinctive parameters and characteristics of robots in the construction of unique buildings and structures are considered. The main tasks for robotization of technological processes at construction enterprises are formulated. The analysis of the levels injuries at construction sites is carried out. The possibility of introducing robotic technology in the construction of unique buildings with complex technical features is considered. As a result of the research carried out, the scientific problem of analysis and synthesis specialized robots for the construction of unique buildings and structures has been considered. The solution to this problem is important, since it contributes to the development of highly effective means of complex mechanization and automation of construction processes that increase the productivity and quality of installation, finishing and plastering works, reduce their labor intensity, free people from harmful and dangerous working conditions.
Increase in corrosion resistance of carbon steel surface due to plasma surface modification with powder mixtures of NiCrBSi alloy and chrome carbide
Authors: Nguyen Van Chie , Balanovskiy A E , Baranov A N , Guseva E A , Kondrat’ev V V , Shtayger M G , Karlina A I
Published: March 2021

The studies assess the possibility of increasing the corrosion resistance, wear resistance of the surface of steel St3 using the method of plasma surface modification. The addition of OK 84.78 electrode coating powder in mixtures containing NiCrBSi leads to the increase of surface hardness. It is shown that the higher the content of OK 84.78 coating powder in the modifying mixture, the higher the probability of occurrence of defects in the fused surface layer (cracks, pores, heterogeneity). Studies of corrosion processes in a 3% NaCl solution show that coatings containing alloyed elements Cr, Ni have a higher passivation in a corrosive environment. NiCrBSi + 20% OK 84.78 coating is considered to be high corrosion-resistant.