bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANFIBIOS Y REPTILES DEL ESTERO DE PUNTA BANDA, ENSENADA, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MÉXICO
Authors: Manrriquez-Gomez Fernanda J. , González-Gutiérrez Norma S. , Ortiz-Serrato Liliana , Moreno-Higareda Hiram R. , Valdez Villavicencio Jorge Heriberto
Published: March 2022

El Estero de Punta Banda en la Bahía Todos Santos, Baja California, es un humedal de importancia internacional considerado sitio RAMSAR, prioritario para la conservación de la biodiversidad. En el caso del grupo de los anfibios y reptiles, no se han realizado estudios formales enfocados a conocer sus valores de riqueza ni de diversidad. Se establecieron cinco sitios de muestreo en tres ambientes: dunas costeras, campos de cultivo y zonas riparias. Los muestreos fueron indirectos, con sistemas de trampas de caída y nasas, y directos, mediante una búsqueda por transectos. La herpetofauna del Estero de Punta Banda está conformada por 15 especies de anfibios y reptiles, 13 géneros y 10 familias. Las familias mejor representadas fueron Phrynosomatidae y Colubridae, y las especies más abundantes Uta stansburiana, Aspidoscelis hyperythrus y Sceloporus zosteromus. Diez especies registradas previamente en colecciones científicas no fueron observadas en campo, es posible que la alteración de hábitat y amenazas de la zona estén provocando la extirpación de especies. Sugerimos realizar acciones de control de plantas exóticas y evitar la propagación de la mancha urbana para evitar la pérdida de biodiversidad en el sitio.
PRIMEROS REGISTROS PARA LA HERPETOFAUNA DEL MUNICIPIO DE HUILOAPAN DE CUAUHTÉMOC, VERACRUZ, MÉXICO
Authors: Peralta Hernández Rafael , Castillo Juárez Jorge Luis
Published: March 2022

Reportamos los primeros registros de anfibios y reptiles encontrados en el municipio de Huiloapan de Cuauhtémoc, Veracruz, algunos de los cuales representan ampliaciones en el rango altitudinal y latitudinal de las especies. Adicionalmente reportamos datos de la reproducción de Parviomolge townsendi.
Exerodonta smaragdina (ANURA: HYLIDAE)
Authors: Ahumada-Carrillo Iván Trinidad , Galindo Salvador Siordia
Published: March 2022

The note consists of a new municipal registry for the emerald tree frog (Exerodonta smaragdina), expanding its distribution 92 km to the northwest of its closest registry.
NUEVO REGISTRO DE Drymobius chloroticus (SQUAMATA: COLUBRIDAE) EN EL ESTE DE GUERRERO, MÉXICO
Authors: Palacios Aguilar Ricardo , Gálvez Ochoa José Luis
Published: March 2022

Reportamos un nuevo registro de la serpiente Drymobius chloroticus (Squamata: Colubridae) de la Sierra Madre del Sur de Guerrero, México. Este registro ayuda a disminuir un vacío de más de 300 kilómetros en la distribución reportada de la especie.
RHINOCLEMMYS RUBIDA PERIXANTHA (GEOEMYDIDAE)
Authors: Cupul Magaña Fabio Germán
Published: March 2022

Rhinoclemmys rubida perixantha es una tortuga terrestre endémica de bosques tropicales secos del Pacífico y es activa principalmente durante la estación de lluvias. El registro aquí presentado, es el primero para el municipio de Puerto Vallarta y el más norteño para la subespecie, pues se localiza a una distancia lineal aproximada de 118 km al noroeste del sitio más cercano previamente documentado, ubicado en las inmediaciones del km 53 de la carretera estatal a Villa Purificación con el entronque con la carretera federal 200.
NEW RECORDS OF HUMAN-CROCODILE INTERACTIONS IN MEXICO FROM 2018 THROUGH THE FIRST HALF OF 2021
Authors: García Grajales Jesús , Rubio Delgado Armando , Casiano González César , Buenrostro-Silva Alejandra
Published: March 2022

The growing human population and its associated economic activities have increased human-wildlife interactions. Herein, we provide new records of human-crocodile (HC) interactions in Mexico from 2018 through the first half of 2021. Fifty-one cases were recorded in this study; 2018 had the highest number of cases (n = 19), and 2021 (the first half) had the lowest number of cases. The states of Tamaulipas and Quintana Roo on the Gulf of Mexico represented 40% of the cases, while Oaxaca and Nayarit on the Mexican Pacific coast represented 22% of the cases. Male victims (n = 32) were more commonly associated with human-crocodile interactions than females (n = 10). Forty-four cases were non-fatal and only seven were fatal. As far as we know, our records of HC interactions increase the number of conflicts in Mexico to 250 cases.
La ciudad y sus formas de representación. Estrategias del desastre
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, sede Medellín, Rojas López Manuel Bernardo
Published: March 2022

Habitar una ciudad, la que sea, es, en últimas, descubrir que es una construcción inacabada y, además, endeble; como si una sombra destructiva estuviese siempre a punto de caer sobre ella, como si el desastre fuera inherente a su condición. ¿Por qué ese vínculo entre ciudad y fin? Indagando por la visión apocalíptica que tras ello se soslaya, este libro busca pensar las representaciones que sustentan dicha relación. Desde relatos fantásticos como los de Lovecraft, pasando por referencias a películas clásicas de terror y hasta obras reconocidas por su valor literario —las que han surgido de la pluma de Alfred Döblin, Georges Perec, Ítalo Calvino o Paul Auster—, La ciudad y sus formas de representación. Estrategias del desastre, es una invitación a pensar cómo la ciudad, en tanto segunda naturaleza, solo puede ser expresión de nuestra condición. La ciudad es la piedra de toque en la que se hacen evidentes nuestros sueños y nuestras pesadillas, es el lugar donde interpelamos nuestra condición con todas sus contradicciones.
India on the Edge of III Wave: COVID-19
Authors: Patel Payal , Barot Dr. Mehul P.
Published: March 2022

Abstract: COVID-19, a virus that is said to have originated in Wuhan, China, has a genuine effect on almost the entire world's population. The Health Organization (WHO) has called it a global pandemic due to the complications that this particular health epidemic has created all over the world. Because of continual alterations in the virus's genetic components, the pandemic has returned in numerous waves. Many lives could have been saved if we had been able to forecast the form and timing of these waves sooner. Following the second wave, India is expected to experience the third wave. At this moment, there is no way of knowing when it will happen or how big it will be. We must be prepared for the third wave, although the exact date is unknown. We must prepare and be prepared for it. In India, the potential and size of a third wave are projected to be extremely hazardous and damaging. We'll talk about the consequences and safeguards in the article. Index Terms: COVID-19, Masking, Pandemic Waves, SARS-CoV2, Vaccination.
Ignacio Duque y Cristóbal Gómez Benito (Eds.). En torno a Alfonso Ortí: la sociología crítica como sociohistoria. Madrid, UNED, 2020
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez Carlos Jesús
Published: March 2022

Una de las escasas buenas noticias que nos trajo el infausto 2020, año I de la pandemia de la COVID-19, fue la publicación de un voluminoso libro dedicado a conmemorar la obra y figura del profesor e investigador social Alfonso Ortí. Miembro clave de la Escuela Cualitativa de Madrid, junto a Jesús Ibáñez y Ángel de Lucas, Alfonso Ortí ha contribuido de forma decisiva a consolidar una vía cualitativa y crítica en la sociología española radicalmente original, que cuenta con numerosos discípulos y herederos en nuestra academia y en el mundo profesional.
Josefa Ros Velasco (Ed.). Suicide in Modern Literature. Social Causes, Existential Reasons, and Prevention Strategies. Nueva York: Springer, 2021
Authors: Castillo Patton Andy Eric
Published: March 2022

Desde una visión multidisciplinar, pero inevitablemente atravesada de esta perspectiva sociológica, Suicide in Modern Literature. Social Causes, Existential Reasons, and Prevention Strategies , coordinado y editado por Josefa Ros Velasco (Universidad Complutense de Madrid), se propone un ejercicio similar al que Durkheim, Mauss y Halbwachs —y otros clásicos no tan conocidos como Masaryk, Henry y Short, entre otros muchos— desarrollaron para esclarecer el que quizás sea el comportamiento humano más dif ícil de escrutar en la Modernidad.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. FAJAR PIKIRAN RAKYAT KOTA SERANG
Authors: Permana Angrian , Arief Rizky
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine how much influence of TransformationalLeadership and Compensation to Job Satisfaction Employees at PT. Fajar PikiranRakyat. The independent variable is Transformational Leadership as (X), andCompensation as (X) and the dependent variable is Employee Satisfaction (Y).The method used is a quantitative descriptive method that aims to determinewhether there is the influence of the independent variable that isTransformational Leadership and Compensation to the dependent variable of JobSatisfaction. The unit of analysis used is employees of PT. Fajar Pikiran Rakyat,with a total population of 54 employees who are also taken as a sample.Technical analysis of data used is descriptive statistics, classical assumption test,the coefficient of determination, multiple linear regression analysis, andhypothesis testing. The result of this research can be concluded thatTransformational Leadership variable has a significant effect on Job Satisfactionvariable, Compensation variable has significant effect to Job Satisfactionvariable, Transformational Leadership variable and Compensation havesignificant influence simultaneously to Job Satisfaction variable.
STRATEGI PUBLIC RELATIONS STASIUN TELEVISI DALAM MEMBANGUN CORPORATE IMAGE Studi Kasus Program Community Relations NET. Good People di Stasiun Televisi NET.
Authors: Muthia Eggi Listy Bahatis
Published: March 2022

NET television station. is a station that has a young age compared to other televisions in Indonesia, but is much loved by loyal viewers. Seeing the many loyal viewers of the television station, public relations creates a place to gather and exchange the views of loyal viewers of the NET television station. as the NET community. Good people. The purpose of this study was to find out the strategies carried out by the public relations television station NET. in building an image in the community.In this study using the public relations strategy theory Scoot M. Cutlip & Allen H. Center This study uses a constructivist paradigm with a qualitative approach to case study methods. Data collection techniques with interview techniques and observations and supported by literature studies. The results of this study are public relations television station NET. apply the Scoot M. Cutlip & Allen H.Center theory in implementing the public relations strategy. Besides that, "NET. TV is COOL "is a corporate image that is valued by the community. While the obstacles faced are when looking for targets to become members of the NET community. Good people.
PENGARUH POLA DATA PERMINTAAN TERHADAP TOTAL BIAYA PENGENDALIAN PERSEDIAAN PADA METODE P(t,E) MULTI ITEM DAN SIMULASI MONTE CARLO (STUDI KASUS: MR. KITCHEN, BANDUNG)
Authors: Arisandhy Vivi , Suhada Kartika , Liputra David Try , Tarigan Erlin
Published: March 2022

Simulasi Monte Carlo dan Metode P(t, E) banyak digunakan dalam penelitian pengendalian persediaan, namun belum membahas pengaruh pola data permintaan terhadap biaya pengendalian persediaan. Objek penelitian ini adalah Mr. Kitchen. Penelitian sebelumnya mengkaji dua metode tersebut dan terpilih Metode Simulasi Monte Carlo. Namun penelitian tersebut memiliki kelemahan dimana data permintaan yang digunakan jumlahnya terlalu sedikit dan periodenya dalam satuan bulan, sehingga kurang mencerminkan pola data permintaan yang sesungguhnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengkajian pengaruh pola permintaan terhadap metode pengendalian persediaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan metode pengendalian persediaan yang terbaik untuk pola permintaan konstan, trend dan seasonal adalah Metode Simulasi Monte Carlo. Hal tersebut dikarenakan menghasilkan total biaya pengendalian persediaan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan metode P(t, E) Multi-Item. Selisih total biaya pengendalian untuk pola permintaan konstan adalah Rp 33.599.585,34 atau 32,39%; pola permintaan trend adalah Rp 57.813.023,82 atau 21,32% dan untuk pola permintaan seasonal adalah Rp 54.480.804,55 atau 19,65%.
Food webs coupled in space: Consumer foraging movement affects both stocks and fluxes
Authors: Wootton Katherine , Curtsdotter Alva , Bommarco Riccardo , Jonsson Tomas , Roslin Tomas
Published: March 2022

The exchange of material and individuals between neighbouring food webs
is ubiquitous, but theory remains scarce for how such spatial flows
affect ecosystem functioning. Here, we combine dynamic food web models
with models for nutrient recycling to explore how animal foraging
movement, between habitats of contrasting fertility and plant diversity,
affects species persistence as well as the stocks and fluxes of biomass,
detritus, and nutrients. We found that the net flow of consumers went
from the habitat of higher fertility or diversity to the habitat with
lower fertility or diversity, boosting ecosystem functioning in the
receiving habitat. By explicitly modelling stocks and interconnecting
fluxes we could replicate empirically observed effects of spatial
subsidies, such as biomass distribution shifts and effect attenuation,
and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Our results demonstrate how
foraging movement can drastically alter local functioning. Overall, our
approach offers a start toward understanding ecosystem function in
human-dominated landscapes.
Prediction Of High-Risk Factors For Ovarian Metastasis In Patients With Endometrial Cancer: A large sample retrospective case-control study
Authors: Li Qian , Zhang Xin
Published: March 2022

Objective: This study aimed to determine the high risk factors of
ovarian metastasis of EC, to enable accurate evaluation of whether young
EC patients can retain ovaries.Design:A large sample retrospective
case-control study.Setting and population:All EC patients were treated
and registered in the Liaoning Cancer Hospital between January 2006 and
December 2017;aged 25-80 years.Methods: The study cohort was divided
into two groups: EC patients with ovarian metastasis and without ovarian
metastasis.To analyze ovarian metastasis on prognosis after propensity
score matching (PSM) based on the stratified analysis of independent
risk factors for ovarian metastasis.Main outcome measure:overall
survival (OS) and progress free survival(PFS).Results: A total of 1240
patients diagnosed with EC were eligible for analysis, of which 120
(9.7%) had ovarian metastasis. The EC patients with ovarian metastasis
were more likely to have deep myometrial infiltration, lymph node
metastasis and elevated CA125.Median follow-up time was 52 months
(13-131 months); the median survival was 39 months in patients with
ovarian metastasis and 111 months in those without ovarian metastasis
(p＜0.001).Compared with EC patients without ovarian metastasis, the
risk for death increased by 14.37 times in those with ovarian
metastasis.According to the stratified analysis,PFS and OS of EC
patients with ovarian metastasis in the low-risk group,and PFS of
patients in the high-risk group were significantly shorter than those
without ovarian metastasis
(p＜0.0001,p=0.0034;p＜0.0001).Conclusion: Deep myometrial invasion,
lymph node metastasis and elevated CA125 were independent risk factors
for ovarian metastasis of EC patients. Ovarian metastasis is an
independent predictor of poor survival among EC patients.
Religious Tradition and Employee Compensation
Authors: Zhao Gang , Liang Shangkun , Zhang Jindan , Huang Henry He
Published: March 2022

This study investigates the relation between Buddhist tradition and employee compensation. Using a large sample of Chinese listed companies from 2007 through 2017, we find that the average employee compensation is higher in companies located in more religious areas. This effect is more pronounced during the 2007−2009 financial crisis. Additional analyses indicate that these companies have smaller pay disparity between executives and employees and are ranked higher in the employee relationship component of corporate social responsibility (CSR). These findings contribute to our understanding of the relation between religious tradition and employee compensation and provide insights into how social norms can influence corporate practices.

JEL Classifications: G41; J30.
When Less Is More: Identifying Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Engaging in Unnecessary Blood Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Boynton Marcella H. , Donahue Katrina E. , Richman Erica , Johnson Asia , Leeman Jennifer , Vu Maihan B. , Rees Jennifer , Young Laura A.
Published: March 2022

This study examined whether certain patient characteristics are associated with the prescribing of self-monitoring of blood glucose for patients with type 2 diabetes who are not using insulin and have well-controlled blood glucose. Against recommendations, one-third of the patient sample from a large health network in North Carolina (N = 9,338) received a prescription for testing supplies (i.e., strips or lancets) within the prior 18 months. Women, African Americans, individuals prescribed an oral medication, nonsmokers, and those who were underweight or normal weight all had greater odds of receiving such a prescription. These results indicate that providers may have prescribing tendencies that are potentially biased against more vulnerable patient groups and contrary to guidelines.
Metabolomics and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Morze Jakub , Wittenbecher Clemens , Schwingshackl Lukas , Danielewicz Anna , Rynkiewicz Andrzej , Hu Frank B. , Guasch-Ferré Marta
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Due to the rapidly increasing availability of metabolomics data in prospective studies, an update of the meta evidence on metabolomics and type 2 diabetes risk is warranted.

PURPOSE

To conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of plasma, serum, and urine metabolite markers and incident type 2 diabetes.

DATA SOURCES

We searched PubMed and Embase until 6 March 2021.

STUDY SELECTION

We selected prospective observational studies where investigators used high-throughput techniques to investigate the relationship between plasma, serum, or urine metabolites and incident type 2 diabetes.

DATA EXTRACTION

Baseline metabolites per-SD risk estimates and 95% CIs for incident type 2 diabetes were extracted from all eligible studies.

DATA SYNTHESIS

A total of 61 reports with 71,196 participants and 11,771 type 2 diabetes cases/events were included in the updated review. Meta-analysis was performed for 412 metabolites, of which 123 were statistically significantly associated (false discovery rate–corrected P < 0.05) with type 2 diabetes risk. Higher plasma and serum levels of certain amino acids (branched-chain, aromatic, alanine, glutamate, lysine, and methionine), carbohydrates and energy-related metabolites (mannose, trehalose, and pyruvate), acylcarnitines (C4-DC, C4-OH, C5, C5-OH, and C8:1), the majority of glycerolipids (di- and triacylglycerols), (lyso)phosphatidylethanolamines, and ceramides included in meta-analysis were associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio 1.07–2.58). Higher levels of glycine, glutamine, betaine, indolepropionate, and (lyso)phosphatidylcholines were associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk (hazard ratio 0.69–0.90).

LIMITATIONS

Substantial heterogeneity (I2 > 50%, τ2 > 0.1) was observed for some of the metabolites.

CONCLUSIONS

Several plasma and serum metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, are associated with type 2 diabetes risk.
Comparable Cardiorenal Benefits of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1RAs in Asian and White Populations: An Updated Meta-analysis of Results From Randomized Outcome Trials
Authors: Tang Huilin , Kimmel Stephen E. , Smith Steven M. , Cusi Kenneth , Shi Weilong , Gurka Matthew , Winterstein Almut G. , Guo Jingchuan
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND

Whether the cardiorenal benefits of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are comparable between White and Asian populations remains unclear.

PURPOSE

To compare the cardiorenal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1RAs between White and Asian populations and to compare the cardiorenal benefits between the two agents in Asian patients.

DATA SOURCES

Electronic databases were searched up to 28 March 2021.

STUDY SELECTION

We included the cardiovascular (CV) and renal outcome trials of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1RAs where investigators reported major adverse CV events (MACE), CV death/hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), or composite renal outcomes with stratification by race.

DATA EXTRACTION

We extracted the hazard ratio of each outcome stratified by race (Asian vs. White populations).

DATA SYNTHESIS

In 10 SGLT2 inhibitor trials, there was no significant difference between Asian and White populations for MACE (P = 0.55), CV death/HHF (P = 0.87), or composite renal outcomes (P = 0.97). In seven GLP-1RA trials, we observed a similar MACE benefit between Asian and White populations (P = 0.10). In our networkmeta-analysis we found a comparable benefit for MACE between SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1RAs in Asian patients.

LIMITATIONS

The data were from stratified analyses.

CONCLUSIONS

There appear to be comparable cardiorenal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1RAs between Asian and White participants enrolled in CV and renal outcome trials; the two therapies seem to have similar CV benefits for Asian participants.
PRODUCT LIABILITY DAN RELEVANSI KLAUSULA BAKU YANG MENGANDUNG EKSONERASI DALAM TRANSAKSI GITAR ELEKTRIK
Authors: Ardhya Si Ngurah
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini difokuskan pada product liability dan relevansi pencantuman klausula baku pada transaksi jual-beli gitar elektrik. Dalam prakteknya pelaku usaha menolak tuntutan konsumen yang mengalami kerugian akibat menggunakan produknya. Penolakan pelaku usaha dituangkan secara tertulis dalam bentuk klausula eksonerasi pada setiap perjanjian baku yang telah dipersiapkannya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif. Penentuan sampel yang digunakan adalah non probability sampling dengan bentuk snowball sampling yakni penarikan sampel didasarkan pada penunjukan atau rekomendasi dari sampel sebelumnya, tidak ada ketentuan pasti dalam bentuk angka atau prosentase mengenai jumlah sampel yang akan diteliti, besarnya jumlah sampel didasarkan atas titik jenuh. Pengolahan dan analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa implementasi ketentuan product liability belum efektif diterapkan oleh pelaku usaha di Denpasar akibat lemahnya pengawasan yang dilakukan oleh struktur hukum serta lemahnya budaya hukum masyarakat khususnya pelaku usaha terkait pemahaman mengenai kewajiban dan tanggung jawab dalam menjalankan usaha. Klausula baku yang dicantumkan pelaku usaha tidak relevan karena memenuhi unsur terlarang dari ketentuan Pasal 18 ayat (1) huruf b Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen.
COMPARISON OF SETTINGS REGARDING THE DEAD INJECTION APPLICATION IN THE NETHERLANDS AND INDONESIAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Paramita Brata Desak
Published: March 2022

Countries around the world have different legal systems. But the most commonly known are the Continental European legal system and the Anglo Saxon legal system. Continental European legal system is a legal system based on various legal provisions that have been codified and the example of the State that has this system is the State of Indonesia. Whereas Anglo Saxon is a legal system based on jurisprudence and the example of the State which has this system is the Netherlands. Each country has a different legal system, as well as in medicine. In the medical world known as Euthanasia. Euthanasia is defined as the act of terminating a person's life (or other creatures) on purpose because of the pain that makes him suffer too much. Indonesia has not specifically and firmly set the issue of Euthanasia and this matter is still being debated. The Indonesian Criminal Code does not find any articles that explicitly regulate eutahanasia. However, if observed, there is an article which shows that the prohibition against Euthanasia is article 344 of the Criminal Code, which is a murder carried out with a very and strict request by the victim. It is different from other Continental European countries such as the Netherlands as the first country to legalize Euthanasia. As of 2002, the Netherlands has adopted the concept of Euthanasia into its legal book.
PERSEFEKTIF IN HUMAN TRAFFICKING CRIME LAW NUMBER 39 OF 1999 ON HUMAN RIGHTS CASE AGAINST CHILD TRAFFICKING IN MEDAN
Authors: Putu Ayu Dewi Ida Monika
Published: March 2022

Laws are the norms that govern all human actions that can be done and should not be carried out both written and unwritten and have sanctions, so that the entry into force of these rules can be forced or coercive and binding for all the people of Indonesia. The most obvious form of manifestation of legal sanctions appear in criminal law. In criminal law there are various forms of crimes and violations, one of the crimes listed in the criminal law, namely the crime of Human Trafficking is often perpetrated against women and children. Human Trafficking is any act of trafficking offenders that contains one or more acts, the recruitment, transportation between regions and countries, alienation, departure, reception. With the threat of the use of verbal and physical abuse, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of a position of vulnerability, example when a person has no other choice, isolated, drug dependence, forest traps, and others, giving or receiving of payments or benefits women and children used for the purpose of prostitution and sexual exploitation. These crimes often involving women and children into slavery.Trafficking in persons is a modern form of human slavery and is one of the worst forms of violation of human dignity (Public Company Act No. 21 of 2007, on the Eradication of Trafficking in Persons). Crime human trafficking crime has been agreed by the international community as a form of human rights violation.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF CORRUPTION CASES SOCIAL ASSISTANCE THE MINISTER OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BASED ON THE CRIMINAL ACTION OF CORRUPTION AND ITS IMPACTS
Authors: Gede Mirah Saskarayani Ida Ayu , Krisna Puspawati Kadek
Published: March 2022

This article is intended to find out and examine the news that is currently being discussed, namely the corruption case of the social minister for social assistance provided to citizens affected by Covid 19. A social minister named Juliari Batubara was officially named a suspect by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK). The former Minister of Social Affairs Juliari was caught for corrupting social assistance funds from the government that were supposed to be used to help people affected by the Covid 19 pandemic. Social assistance that should be for the community is instead kept alone to enrich and support their families. Even the funds that were corrupted were not small, amounting to approximately Rp. 17 billion. The money confiscated by the KPK which was used as evidence also had suitcases. How can the minister of social corruption, social assistance, which is supposed to be for the daily lives of the difficult people who are affected by Covid 19. Like not having any sense of empathy because what is being corrupted is social assistance. Many famous people were very angry with this former social minister.
PERKARA PENOLAKAN PEMBATALAN MEREK TERDAFTAR DALAM GUGATAN PERDATA ANALISIS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN NIAGA JAKARTA PUSAT NOMOR 02/MEREK/2002/PN.NIAGA.JKT.PST
Authors: Made Dwipayani Desak , Fazriyah Nurul
Published: March 2022

ccording to Article 1 paragraph (1) of Law no. 20 of 2016 concerning Marks and Geographical Indications which determine that a brand is a sign that can be displayed graphically in the form of images, logos, names, words, letters, numbers, color arrangements, in two dimensions and / or three dimensions, sound, hologram, or a combination. of the two or more elements to distinguish goods and / or services produced by persons or legal entities in trading activities of goods and / or services. A registered mark that already has a reputation is often imitated in bad faith by other parties and registered as a trademark. The purpose of this article is to analyze the Decision on the Case for Rejection of the Cancellation of a Registered Mark in a Civil Lawsuit Analysis of the Decision of the Central Jakarta Commercial Court Number 02 / Mark / 2002 / PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst The method used in this article is normative legal research with reference to Article 21 of Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications, Books on Intellectual Property Rights, especially Brands. The result of this research is that the Defendant rejects the defendant's lawsuit because it is not proven that the defendant's good faith exists, and the Defendant's trademark registration is in accordance with and complies with the provisions of Articles 4, 5, and 6 of the Trademark Law and there is no substantive similarity between the plaintiff's and the defendant's marks.
Law And Personal Data: Offering Strategies For Consumer Protection In New Normal Situation In Indonesia
Authors: Prastyanti Rina Arum , Rahayu Istiyawati , Yafi Eiad , Wardiono Kelik , Budiono Arief
Published: March 2022

Purpose of the study: The benefits of the internet during a pandemic bring opportunities for cybercrimes, such as online data theft and leakage of consumers’ personal data. For this reason, the objectives of this study are 1) to determine the phenomenon of misuse of consumer’s personal data amidst COVID-after19 in Indonesia and 2) to describe strategies in preparing consumer personal data protection as the key to the success of the new normal in Indonesia. Methodology: This study used non-doctrinal research. To describe the phenomenon of misuse of consumers’ personal data amidst COVID-19 in Indonesia, the data were collected by distributing questionnaires to internet users in Indonesia and applying qualitative methods employing survey data collection techniques with stratified multi-stage random sampling technique. Results: It was found that the consumers’ personal data in Indonesia is still unprotected, so the conception adopted by the European Union and the OECD can be used as a reference for Indonesia in making a Law on Personal Data Protection.Applications of this study: To raise the people's awareness in protecting online personal data and encourage the government to educate society on cyber security through the National Cyber and Crypto Agency Novelty/ Originality of this study: This paper analyzes the protection strategy of e-commerce consumers during the new normal situation in Indonesia. The originality is that it discusses amidst Covid 19 cyber security.
Who is the Real Consumer in a Credit Purchase Transaction?
Authors: Johan Suwinto
Published: March 2022

Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine who the actual consumers are in financing purchase transactions according to the law and regulations.Methodology:The study employed a normative judicial method. Juridical methods are the research with the library data sources.Results:Consumers are end-users, not consumers who make payments or own the goods. This definition is derived from the Consumer Protection Act. This definition of the consumer must be refined in light of its practical application in society. The differences between the buyer, owner, and user of goods necessitate a comprehensive understanding.Application of this study :Consumers have the option of paying with cash or credit. They can purchase the goods with money by paying in full and taking full ownership and usage. Consumers can also purchase goods on credit or with financing. They can apply for credit to the financing institution. The goods purchased serve as collateral for funding. If the consumer fails to make a payment, the goods purchased will be withdrawn as collateral. The financing institution will determine the type of goods that can be used as collateral. The financing company will also decide on the type of financing.Novelty / Originality of this study:The definition of consumer in a credit purchase transaction.
The Legality of Debt Agreement Via Whatsapp Messages
Authors: Arif Wildan , Kamilah Suci , Afriyanto Renaldy
Published: March 2022

Objective: This paper analyzes and studies the legal power of debt agreements through WhatsApp messagesMethodology: This research methods was juridical normative to analyze constitutional regulations or other legal sources that concern the legal basis of agreements. It uses a practical approachResults: The results showed that the debt agreement has fulfilled the required elements to make an agreement valid. It is a type of written agreement; thus, it can become written legal evidence in civil law trials in IndonesiaPurpose: The chat messages via WhatsApp indicate the creation of debt may become a piece of evidence in court. It is categorized as evidence of a written agreement. There are five kinds of evidencing instruments according to civil law procedures in Article HIR/284 RBG that is amended into Article 1866 of the Civil Law, namely written evidence, witness evidence, presupposition, confession, and oath. Thus, in the case of the debt agreement via WhatsApp messages, that message is categorized as a written agreement. It must be printed and legalized according to the legal stipulations.WhatsApp is a social media application. Thus, it is categorized as a shred of evidence in court according to Article 5 clause (1) of the Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transaction as changed into the Law No. 19 of 2016 on the Change of the Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transaction.Novelty/Originality: The debt agreement via application whatsap was categorized a new legal event. The most significant novelty value from the results of this research is the legal status of new debt agreement methods, namely the debt agreements through WhatsApp messages. Whatsapp was a social media. the agreement through the WhatsApp messages is legally valid so long as it fulfills the requirements of an agreement as stipulated in Article 1320 BW and that the agreement is categorized as a written agreement. Thus, it contains legal consequences if a party violates that agreement. This agreement is still valid even without a piece of evidence in the form of an authentic letter, as an authentic letter is a deed letter that can be divided into an authentic deed (Authentiek) and underhand deed (Onderhands).
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN TEPUNG JAGUNG NIKSTAMAL DAN TEPUNG TERIGU TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK ROTI TAWAR MANIS
Authors: Gozaly Thomas , Garnida Yudi
Published: March 2022

Jagung merupakan tanaman pangan yang penting selain padi dan gandum. Jagung diolah menjadi tepung agar lebih praktis dan tahan lama. Salah satu metode pembuatan tepung jagung yaitu nikstamaMANlisasi. Tepung jagung nikstamal dapat diolah menjadi produk pangan salah satunya roti tawar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan tepung jagung nikstamal dan tepung terigu terhadap karakteristik roti tawar manis. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan terdiri dari penelitian pendahuluan yaitu menentukan lama perendaman dari proses nikstamalisasi untuk membuat tepung jagung yang digunakan pada penelitian pendahuluan, serta penelitian utama yaitu menentukan perbandingan tepung yang sesuai. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 taraf dan 5 kali ulangan. Variabel respon pada penelitian ini adalah respon fisik yaitu volume pengembangan, respon kimia yang meliputi analisis kadar air, kadar abu, dan kadar pati, serta respon organoleptik. Hasil penelitian pendahuluan diperoleh tepung jagung nikstamal yang terpilih untuk digunakan pada penelitian pendahuluan yaitu dengan lama perendaman 8 jam. Sedangkan hasil penelitian utama diperoleh bahwa perbandingan tepung terigu dengan tepung jagung nikstamal berpengaruh pada kadar air, kadar abu, kadar pati, volume pengembangan, atribut warna, atribut rasa, atribut aroma, dan atribut tekstur dari roti tawar.
Gandhian Approach for Modern India: An Analysis
Authors: Rathore Dr Gajraj Singh
Published: March 2022

Mahatma Gandhi the leader, social reformer, thinker, philosopher and above all the seeker after truth shaped our nation with the help of his experiments and experiences and propounded the various theories of morality and ethics. The ethics and values elaborated by him are, in fact, the outcomes of his personal experiments blended with the contemporary situations, surroundings and phenomena. Almost every aspect of life, nation and society is included in his philosophy. In his philosophical views democracy and its essential factors find proper place. His global vision of universality prevails upon the foreign policy of our country. Gandhi was in favour of equality especially in matter of laws; he is of the opinion that there must be equality among the different groups of society. Discrimination on the basis of class, colour, creed, sect and category ought not to be existed. He was an ardent believer of the concept that service to human beings is a service to God. According to him democracy is not only a rule by the people for people but it is also a blend of unity, ahimsa, national integration, solidarity, responsibility, rights, morality especially in Indian context.
(Un)Fixing Aloula: Maps, images and paradigms of The Attic (Marble) Landscape
Authors: Chris French , Maria Mitsoula
Published: March 2022

“(Un)fixing Aloula” explores the fragmented landscape of the Open-Air Museum of Quarry Arts in Aloula, Athens. This museum—located in disused marble quarries on Mount Pentelicon and “repaired” by sculptor Nella Golanda and architect Aspasia Kouzoupi—is presented as a “repair-scape”, in which marble remnants were laboriously transformed into a reimagined ground. The “fixing” of this site—the curation of unorganised waste matter into organised material—generated a landscape that is at once restored and yet ruined, a “reciprocal landscape” (following Hutton) in dialogue with Athens and the Attic basin. Through a narration of an encounter with the museum, of a conversation with Golanda and Kouzoupi, and of an imaging of the museum for an exhibition at the Fondation Hellénique, this paper offers a developed reading of the repair-scape as a site of sympoiēsis, and as a site in which our shared image of a city might be continually contested, unfixed.
Inaplicabilitatea măsurii preventive prevăzute de art. 493 alin. (1) lit. a) C.proc.pen. cu privire la dizolvarea sau lichidarea persoanei juridice în procedura de insolvenţă
Authors: Trandafir Andra Roxana , Lazăr George Alexandru
Published: March 2022

În acest studiu ne propunem să dovedim că procedurile de insolvenţă sunt menite să protejeze debitorul şi creditorii deopotrivă, inclusiv pe cei care participă în procedura penală. Procedura de insolvenţă se desfăşoară sub controlul de legalitate al judecătorului sindic. Totodată, presupune parcurgerea anumitor etape, prevăzute de lege, caracterizate prin continuitate şi celeritate. În acelaşi timp, noţiunile de „dizolvare” şi „lichidare” nu sunt specifice insolvenţei, ci sunt instituţii comune în viaţa unei persoane juridice.

Scopul măsurilor preventive aplicate persoanelor juridice este să prevină sustragerea de la urmărire penală sau judecată. Noţiunea de „sustragere” este intrinsec legată de o conduită frauduloasă, menită să eludeze răspunderea.

Interpretarea logică a art. 493 alin. (1) lit. a) C.proc.pen. conduce la concluzia că măsura preventivă nu poate fi aplicată persoanelor juridice în insolvenţă, deoarece nu există o conduită frauduloasă. Procedura este definită de lege şi supravegheată de un judecător specializat. Este imposibil ca legiuitorul să fi conceput un conflict între atribuţiile a doi judecători din secţii diferite ale aceleiaşi instanţe.

De lege lata există cazuri în care operează un transfer al răspunderii penale. Tot astfel, soarta daunelor civile în procedura penală este prevăzută de lege, chiar dacă radierea persoanei juridice intervine înainte de finalul procesului penal.

În fine, efectele măsurii preventive prevăzute de art. 493 alin. (1) lit. a) C.proc.pen. în procedurile de insolvenţă sunt negative pentru toate părţile implicate, inclusiv pentru creditorii care participă în procedura penală.

Drept urmare, instanţele nu pot, în baza art. 493 alin. (1) lit. a) C.proc.pen., să interzică începerea procedurilor de insolvenţă sau să le suspende, nici măcar în ceea ce priveşte interzicerea dizolvării sau a lichidării care are loc în cadrul acestei proceduri.
Violenţa sportivă
Authors: Trușcă Răzvan Adrian
Published: March 2022

Prezentul studiu urmăreşte realizarea unei analize din punct de vedere al dreptului penal a actelor de violenţă săvârşite de către sportivi pe terenul de joc.

În general, este acceptat faptul că jocurile sportive permit acţiuni care, în alte circumstanţei ar fi ilegale. Astfel, acţiunile de lovire sau violenţă care se încadrează în limitele normale ale activităţii sportive şi ale regulamentului disciplinei în cauză nu atrag, implicit, şi răspunderea penală a autorului. Aceste agresiuni sportive sunt justificate, sens în care este înlăturat caracterul ilicit al faptei.

În doctrină, nu s-a stabilit însă, în unanimitate, cauza justificativă incidentă în materia violenţelor sportive, respectiv exercitarea unui drept recunoscut de lege sau consimţământul persoanei vătămate. În acest sens, apreciem că ar putea fi acceptată teza potrivit căreia autorizarea legii reprezintă cauza generală justificativă în materie.
Competenţa universală ca mijloc de reprimare a infracţiunilor internaţionale
Authors: Lariu Filip Andrei
Published: March 2022

În unele situaţii, comunitatea internaţională nu reuşeşte să creeze cadrul instituţional pentru a reprima eficient infracţiunile internaţionale. Pentru ca astfel de infracţiuni grave să nu rămână nepedepsite, fiecare stat poate, prin intermediul instanţelor naţionale, să intervină şi să acopere aceste limitări ale instanţelor internaţionale. Unealta de care dispun statele este instituţia competenţei universale. Acest studiu se va concentra, iniţial, pe competenţa universală permisivă, acea ramură a competenţei universale care le permite statelor să reprime infracţiunile internaţionale fără a le impune şi obligaţia de a face asta. În al doilea capitol, accentul va fi pus pe analiza obligaţiei de a reprima şi pe competenţa universală obligatorie. Primele două capitole vor conţine definiţiile, limitele, contextul istoric şi analiza modului în care diferite infracţiuni internaţionale interacţionează cu cele două tipuri de competenţă universală. În încheiere, articolul va prezenta un studiu de drept comparat care urmăreşte modul în care unele state au integrat principiul competenţei universale în dreptul intern.
Infracţiunea de ultraj contra bunelor moravuri
Authors: Cupșe Cristian
Published: March 2022

Înainte de a consacra, din punct de vedere legal conduite certe pentru a căror sancţionare şi corijare este nevoie de contribuţia decisivă a dreptului penal, orice tendinţă de represiune a acestora trebuie să facă dovada unei cunoaşteri profunde, raţionale, cât mai apropiate de realitatea faptică a consecinţelor unei anumite atitudini antisociale.

Tocmai din această perspectivă, incriminarea faptei precizate în titlul prezentului articol pare să nu îşi găsească fundamente concludente din punct de vedere teoretic, căci poziţionarea acesteia în construcţia Codului penal autohton diferă semnificativ de toate ideile şi, după caz, instituţiile concretizate în doctrinele, respectiv sistemele de drept străine. Această constatare va fi dezvoltată, pentru început, prin intermediul unei prezentări concise a modului în care dreptul comparat tratează infracţiunea de, enunţându-se ulterior, în acest cadru, principalele disonanţe dintre prevederile româneşti şi cele străine. În sprijinul statuărilor astfel argumentate, articolul va încerca să dispute, într-un capitol subsecvent, care din infracţiunile reglementate în fosta codificare de la 1969 sunt demne să fie considerate corespondentul actualei incriminări, deşi atât legiuitorul, cât şi fragmentata doctrină pe acest subiect par să fie fermi pe poziţiile exprimate.

În scopul de a oferi premisele unei conceptualizări corecte a fenomenului cercetat, prezentul articol doreşte să ridice unele semne de îndoială, fiindcă respectarea tuturor principiilor fundamentale specifice dreptului penal nu poate fi realizată fără o înţelegere adecvată a raţiunilor faptice din spatele unui comportament antijuridic.
Mărturia mincinoasă ulterior deciziei Curţii Constituţionale nr. 236/2020. Dreptul martorului la tăcere şi dreptul de a nu se autoincrimina. O notă critică la Decizia penală nr. 413/A/2021 a Curţii de Apel Cluj
Authors: Anghel Răzvan
Published: March 2022

Prin decizia nr. 236/2020 (publicată în M. Of. nr. 597 din 8 iulie 2020) Curtea Constituţionlă a admis excepţia de neconstituţionalitate şi a constatat că soluţia legislativă cuprinsă în art. 118 din Codul de procedură penală este neconstituţională, deoarece nu reglementează dreptul martorului la tăcere şi la neautoincriminare.

În considerentele acestei decizii, instanţa de contencios constituţional a analizat textul art. 118 C.proc.pen. în lumina jurisprudenţei Curţii Europene a Drepturilor Omului. În urma acestei analize, văzând că soluţia legislativă nu respecta standardele impuse de CEDO şi practica adesea găsea soluţii prin care se aplicau în mod direct principiile impuse de jurisprudenţa Curţii de la Strasbourg, instanţa de contencios constituţional a declarat soluţia legislativă neconstituţională.

Problema care a apărut ulterior acestei decizii este una de interpretare a acesteia şi de aplicare a ei. În acest sens, trebuie ab initio observat că această decizie a transformat dreptul martorului la tăcere şi la neautoincriminare în drepturi absolute, introducând astfel un nivel de protecţie chiar mai mare decât cel conferit de jurisprudenţa CtEDO. Rămâne de văzut dacă această protecţie nu va depăşii marja de apreciere a statelor când va intra în conflict cu drepturile la o anchetă efectivă conferite victimelor care acuză încălcări ale altor drepturi garantate de CEDO.

„Apreciem şi noi, cu privire la ipoteza în care persoana audiată în calitate de martor face declaraţii mincinoase cu scopul de a nu se autoincrimina, că astfel de conduită nu exonerează martorul de răspundere pentru săvârşirea infracţiunii de mărturie mincinoasă, decât dacă, se referă exclusiv la faptele sale (spre exemplu, în speţă, martorul P.G.D. să fi spus că el nu a ridicat cuţitul), însă nu poate declara mincinos, vis a vis de inculpatul/ persoana faţă de care există o suspiciune că ar fi săvârşit fapta (în speţă, că inculpatul B.I.P. nu a avut cuţit asupra sa, nu l-a aruncat, etc.)” (opinia majoritară la decizie). „Diferenţa de opinie apărută în prezentul litigiu se centrează, în esenţă, asupra interpretări a Deciziei nr. 236/2020 (...). Astfel, contrar celor reţinute de opinia majoritară, consider că interpretarea corectă a acestei decizii este aceea de a conferi oricărui martor audiat, indiferent de felul sau obiectul cauzei, un drept absolut la tăcere şi neautoincriminare” (opinia minoritară la decizie).
Liberarea condiționată din pedeapsa închisorii. Aspecte de actualitate din practica judiciară
Authors: Tuduce Ioan Răzvan
Published: March 2022

Acest articol a fost întocmit ca urmare a identificării necesității corectei înțelegeri și familiarizări cu procedura și condițiile pentru acordarea liberării condiționate. Lucrarea nu urmărește să trateze exhaustiv instituția menționată, ci să analizeze, punctual, aspecte de interes și actualitate din practica judiciară. 

Sunt abordate condițiile generale pentru acordarea liberării condiționate, procedura care trebuie urmată pentru ca aceasta să fie dispusă, respectiv sunt propuse unele soluții pentru elemente de divergență care există sau pot apărea în viitor în practica instanțelor judecătorești.