bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights/Opinion: Architectural Cognition in Practice: A Framework for Integrating User Cognition Evidence into Architectural Design
Authors: Hoelscher Christoph , Gregorians Lara , Melgar Leonel Enrique Aguilar , Anklesaria Freyaan , Baur Raphael , Jamaluddin Azrin , Zhong Yuqin , Mavros Panagiotis , Trivic Zdravko
Published: February 2025

Architects and designers must consider issues of sustainability, building regulations, as well as a multitude of subjective questions such as style and taste. They are asked to create spaces not just in consideration of expected user needs, but in anticipation of them, whilst simultaneously defending and substantiating the value of their design decisions. By contrast, there is a growing body of research examining person-environment interactions and how experiences are immediately affected by designed properties of spaces. The research approach of Architectural Cognition in Practice seeks to develop a robust bridge to link learnings about user cognition from academic disciplines such as spatial cognition, neuroarchitecture and environmental psychology into real-world design processes. Toward this, we propose a framework addressing three distinct streams of issues: (1) Fundamental research to increase our understanding of person–environment interactions and their impact on cognition, decision-making and experience; (2) Reflective research considering how (and how well) designers currently conceptualize their end-users in the design process; and (3) Translational research to equip design teams with knowledge and tools to be able to apply learnings from architectural cognition into their practice. We briefly overview each pillar of research and provide examples from our own pool of research to demonstrate how our framework and methodologies aim to tackle this stated divide between knowledge and practice.
Statistical Analysis of Pond Ash- Bentonite Mixtures: Implications for Liner and Cover Material Design
Authors: Sankar Ganesh K. S. , Ashok Kumar T.
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the potential use of pond ash (PA) mixed with varying proportions of bentonite (Bt) (10%/ 20%/ 30%) as a landfill liner and cover material. Laboratory test study covers Atterberg limits, compaction, hydraulic conductivity (
k
), and unconfined compressive strength (

q
u

) tests. Further, the test results were analyzed using the probabilistic approach to account for uncertainty. While evaluating the PA-Bt mixtures under liner and cover placement conditions, significant variability was observed in the hydraulic conductivity (
k
) and unconfined compressive strength (

q
u

), with sample coefficients of variation of 197% and 94%, respectively. To better understand and quantify the variability, the probability density function for
k
and

q
u

was identified as a log-normal distribution. The inferential statistical analysis limits
k
and

q
u

standard deviations to 0.66 and 0.17 (key parameters for informed decision-making), respectively. Hypothesis testing was then conducted to assess the suitability of compacted PA-Bt mixtures based on the desired and characteristic values of liner and cover materials. This probabilistic approach allows a more flexible evaluation of placement conditions than deterministic methods, ensuring more reliable performance. Addressing material variability of PA-Bt mixtures enables cost-effective design by exploiting the most probable outcomes.
Transductive Few-shot Learning via Joint Message Passing and Prototype-based Soft-Label Propagation
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Xu Qin , Jiang Bo , Luo Bin
Published: February 2025

The transductive few-shot learning (FSL) mostly employs either prototype learning or label propagation methods to generalize to new classes by using the information of all query samples. However, existing methods have several main limitations. First, the prototype methods mainly focus on support samples which fail to fully exploit the relationships of query samples. Second, existing label propagation methods are generally not effective for the class-imbalanced problem. Third, existing works usually optimize the learnable parameters during inference which significantly reduces the efficiency of existing methods. To address these limitations, this paper proposes an efficient and robust method for transductive FSL problem, termed Prototype-based Soft-Label Propagation (PSLP), which combines the prototype learning and label propagation together for FSL problem. In our proposed method, first, the soft-label presentation for each query sample is estimated by leveraging prototypes. Then, the soft-label propagation is conducted on the learned query-support graph and the prototype representation is rectified. Both steps are conducted progressively for boosting the performance. Moreover, to learn effective prototypes for soft-label estimation and the desirable query-support graph for soft-label propagation, we design a new joint message passing scheme to learn the sample presentation and relational graph jointly. The PSLP method is parameter-free and can be implemented very efficiently. The experiments conducted on four popular benchmarks show that our method achieves competitive results on both balanced and imbalanced settings compared to the state-of-the-art methods. The code is released at https://github.com/mobulan/PSLP.
Transfer of balance performance depends on the specificity of balance training
Authors: Rizzato A. , Faggian S. , Paoli A. , Marcolin G.
Published: February 2025

This study investigated whether a four-week training on an easy-level unstable board (EL) could induce a transfer of balance performance in a hard-level unstable board (HL) and in an unexpected perturbation-based task. Non-linear center of pressure (CoP) analysis investigated whether training could induce postural control adaptations in trained and untrained tasks.

Thirty-four subjects were divided into a training (TR, N=17) and a control (CTRL, N=17) group. Balance was assessed before (T0) and after (T1) a balance training under static and dynamic conditions (EL, HL, and perturbation-based task). A force platform allowed the calculation of CoP displacement while balance performance based on the angular displacement of the unstable boards was assessed with an inertial sensor. From the angular displacement, we calculated three parameters of balance performance: Full Balance (FB), Fine Balance (FiB), and Gross Balance (GB). Stabilogram diffusion analysis (SDA) and sample entropy (SampEn) indirectly assessed neuromuscular control mechanisms. Results showed improvements in the TR from T0 to T1 in balance performance for FB (p<0.001), FiB (p<0.05), and GB (p<0.01) on EL and HL boards. In the perturbation-based task, the earliest CoP response consequent to perturbation improved after training (p<0.01). SampEn and SDA revealed increased automaticity (p<0.05) and efficiency (p<0.05) of balance control in the EL and HL tasks after training. Balance training led to highly task-specific adaptations and improvements that can be transferred between functionally similar balance tasks. Postural strategies learned during training seemed barely transferable to a different balance task, as the unexpected perturbation of the base of support.
Effect of 12 weeks of interval training on skeletal muscle blood flow during single-leg knee extensor exercise in COPD: a non-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hartmann Jacob P. , Nymand Stine Buus , Hartmeyer Helene Louise , Ryrsø Camilla Koch , Andersen Amalie B. , Mohammad Milan , Rasmussen Iben Elmerdahl , Thomsen Rie Skovly , Durrer Cody Garett , Berg Ronan M. G. , Iepsen Ulrik Winning
Published: February 2025

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has shown to improve exercise capacity, symptom burden, and quality of life in COPD patients, but it remains to be investigated if HIIT can counteract limb muscle dysfunction. Therefore, we examined the impact of a 12-week supervised HIIT protocol on muscle oxygen conductance.

Eight patients with mild to moderate COPD and eight age-, sex- and BMI-matched controls underwent a 12-week HIIT intervention. Leg blood flow (Q̇leg) and arterio-venous blood samples were collected at rest and during active single-leg knee extensions (KEE) at unloaded (0 watts) and 20% of peak workload (WLpeak) to estimate leg muscle oxygen conductance pre- and post-HIIT. Pre-HIIT, Q̇leg was similar between groups during unloaded KEE (p=0.108) but lower at 20% WLpeak in the COPD group, compared to control group. Q̇leg responses were higher during unloaded KEE (28%, p=0.012) and 20% WLpeak (40%, p<0.001) post-HIIT in the COPD group, whereas no change occurred in the control group. Flow adjusted skeletal muscle O2 conductance was higher in the COPD pre-HIIT but only increased in the control group. Thus, there was no difference in diffusive or convective capacity between groups post- HIIT at submaximal KEE. COPD assessment score decreased by 2.8[1;4] (p=0.003) in the COPD group and V̇O2peak increased in both groups (COPD 192 mL O2/min, p=0.032, control 257 mL O2/min, p=0.004) with no time/group interaction.

A 12-week HIIT intervention may improve peripheral exercise capacity in COPD by increasing the vasodilatory function in working muscle, while concurrently improving whole-body exercise capacity and symptom burden.
Age and self-selected walking speed impact the generalization of locomotor memories across contexts
Authors: Mariscal Dulce M. , Sombric Carly J. , Torres-Oviedo Gelsy
Published: February 2025

Previous work has shown that compared with young adults, older adults generalize their walking patterns more across environments that impose different motor demands (i.e., split-belt treadmill vs. overground). However, in this previous study, all participants walked at a speed that was more comfortable for older adults than young participants, which leads to the question of whether young adults would generalize more their walking patterns than older adults when exposed to faster speeds that are more comfortable for them. To address this question, we examined the interaction between healthy aging and walking speed on the generalization of a pattern learned on a split-belt treadmill (i.e., legs moving at different speeds) to overground. We hypothesized that walking speed during split-belt walking regulates the generalization of walking patterns in an age-specific manner. To this end, groups of young (<30 y/o) and older (65+ y/o) adults adapted their gait on a split-belt treadmill at either slower or faster walking speeds. We assessed the generalization of movements between the groups by quantifying their aftereffects during overground walking, where larger overground aftereffects represent more generalization, and zero aftereffects represent no generalization. We found an interaction between age and walking speed in the generalization of walking patterns. More specifically, older adults generalized more when adapted at slower speeds, whereas younger adults did so when adapted at faster speeds. These results suggest that comfortable walking speeds lead to more generalization of newly acquired motor patterns beyond the training contexts.
Intrinsic voltage fluctuations reveal a form of phase-amplitude coupling in electrosensory pyramidal neurons
Authors: Melanson Alexandre , Fontaine Samuel , Richard Grégoire , Belliveau Jérémy Guy
Published: February 2025

The stochastic flickering of ion channels is known to cause ongoing membrane potential fluctuations in neurons. This channel noise is often considered negligible in comparison to synaptic noise, yet it can shape the integrative properties of neurons. Here, in vitro recordings of electrosensory pyramidal neurons under synaptic blockade are characterized and shown to contain a non-trivial repertoire of dynamical features. Our analyses reveal an intrinsic noise structure that is much richer than what could be expected based on previous studies: we identify rapid, small-amplitude, shot noise-like events and we quantify how their rate and amplitude are modulated by slower, large-amplitude fluctuations. This cross-relation is evidence that, at the single-neuron level, membrane potential dynamics can exhibit a form of phase-amplitude coupling. We also investigate the appearance of fast, intermittent subthreshold oscillations and conclude that they are manifestation of stochastic linear dynamics, possibly with time-varying parameters. Our results, collectively, highlight that neurons can spontaneously display rich intrinsic behaviour, which is likely to impact how they process synaptic input.
Mental Fatigue After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective 5‐Year Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Wenneberg Sandra Bjerkne , Block Linda , Oras Jonatan , Hendén Pia Löwhagen , Liljencrantz Jaquette , Hayden Jane , Hergès Helena Odenstedt
Published: February 2025

Objectives: Mental fatigue is a common and debilitating symptom following an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, its long‐term prevalence and consequences remain unclear. In this longitudinal pilot study, the Mental Fatigue Scale (MFS) was used to evaluate the prevalence, severity, and dynamics of mental fatigue for up to 5 years and to correlate patient demographics and early complications to the development of mental fatigue.

Method: Functional outcomes were scored using the Glasgow Outcome Scale‐Extended (GOSE) during telephone interviews 1, 3, and 5 years after aSAH. The MFS questionnaires (maximum score 42, ≥ 10.5 points indicating mental fatigue) were subsequently sent by mail. Patient admission data and events during the acute phase were recorded.

Results: Of 64 included patients, 31 could be assessed at all time points. Mental fatigue (MFS score ≥ 10.5) was present in 58%, 48%, and 52% of the patients at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. A significant decrease in the total MFS score was observed between 1 and 5 years (p = 0.025). The proportion of patients experiencing severe mental fatigue halved from 1 to 3 years. The median (range) MFS scores were significantly higher for women (14.5, 0–29.5) than for men (3, 0–17.5) at 1 year (p = 0.043). Compared with patients experiencing loss of consciousness at ictus (LOCi), those without LOCi exhibited a progressive decline in the total MFS score (p = 0.003).

Conclusions: Although total MFS scores significantly improved, mental fatigue was a common and persistent symptom affecting half of the patients up to 5 years following aSAH. Mental fatigue was more prevalent in women than men; further, patients who experienced LOCi during the acute phase improved less over time. Our results highlight the importance of evaluating mental fatigue when assessing patient recovery and long‐term outcomes.

Trial Registration: Clinical Trial NCT06239142
Tumorigenesis Driven by BRAFV600E Requires Secondary Mutations that Overcome it’s Feedback Inhibition of RAC1 and Migration
Authors: Gadal Sunyana , Boyer Jacob A. , Roy Simon F. , Outmezguine Noah A. , Sharma Malvika , Li Hongyan , Fan Ning , Chan Eric , Romin Yevgeniy , Barlas Afsar , Chang Qing , Pancholi Priya , Timaul Neilawattie Merna. , Overholtzer Michael , Yaeger Rona , Manova-Todorova Katia , de Stanchina Elisa , Bosenberg Marcus W. , Rosen Neal
Published: February 2025

BRAFV600E mutations occur in 46% of melanomas and drive high levels of ERK activity and ERK-dependent proliferation. However, BRAFV600E is insufficient to drive melanoma in genetically engineered mouse models, and 82% of human benign nevi harbor BRAFV600E mutations. We found that BRAFV600E inhibited mesenchymal migration by causing feedback inhibition of RAC1 activity. ERK pathway inhibition induced RAC1 activation and restored migration and invasion. In cells with BRAFV600E, mutant RAC1 or PTEN inactivation restored RAC1 activity and cell motility. Together, these lesions occurred in 26% of melanomas with BRAFV600E mutations. Thus, although BRAFV600E activation of ERK deregulates cell proliferation, it prevents full malignant transformation by causing feedback inhibition of RAC1. Secondary mutations are, therefore, required for tumorigenesis. One mechanism underlying tumor evolution may be the selection of lesions that rescue the deleterious effects of oncogenic drivers.
ESR1 Y537S and D538G mutations drive resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Lin Chang-Ching A. , Chica-Parrado María Rosario , Unni Nisha , Jaeger Ellen , Fang Yisheng V. , Guo Lei , Napolitano Fabiana , Luna Pamela , Harris Michelle , Chao Calvin , Xu Lin , Arteaga Carlos L. , Hanker Ariella B.
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Breast cancers with ESR1 mutations are resistant to antiestrogen therapy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of ESR1 mutations with resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) using real-world data analysis and experimental validation. Patients and Methods: A total of 3,958 patients with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) metastatic breast cancer with DNA sequencing data were analyzed. Breast tumor DNA and circulating tumor (ct) DNA were sequenced using the Tempus xT tumor assay and Tempus xF liquid biopsy, respectively. Patients were stratified into either treated with CDK4/6i (tumor tissue: 1,070; ctDNA: 1,885) or CDK4/6i naïve (tumor tissue: 750; ctDNA: 253). Engineered MCF7 cells carrying ESR1 Y537S or D538G knock-in mutations were used to study antitumor efficacy of the CDK4/6i palbociclib in vitro and in vivo. Results: In both xF and xT assays, ESR1 mutations were the only somatic alterations significantly more frequent in patients who received CDK4/6i compared to those who did not. Knock-in of ESR1 Y537S or ESR1 D538G in MCF7 cells resulted in upregulation of cell cycle-related gene signatures upon treatment with CDK4/6i ± antiestrogen compared to cells with non-mutant ESR1. MCF7 xenografts harboring ESR1 Y537S and D538G mutations established in nude mice were resistant to palbociclib. Conclusions: We report herein real-world and preclinical evidence that ESR1 mutations, particularly Y537S and D538G, can drive resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors.
Table S1 from Phase Ib Study of Immunocytokine Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) Combined with Pembrolizumab for Treatment of Advanced and/or Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Munoz-Couselo Eva , Soria Rivas Ainara , Sandhu Shahneen , Long Georgina V. , Sanmamed Miguel F. , Spreafico Anna , Buchbinder Elizabeth , Sznol Mario , Prenen Hans , Fedenko Alexander , Milhem Mohammed , Arance Fernandez Ana Maria , Grob Jean-Jacques , Demidov Lev , Robert Caroline , Habigt Christin , Evers Stefan , Sleiman Nassim , Dejardin David , Ardeshir Caroline , Martin Nicole , Boetsch Christophe , Charo Jehad , Teichgräber Volker , Kraxner Anton , Keshelava Nino , Bechter Oliver
Published: February 2025

Representativeness of study participants
Table 1 from Phase Ib Study of Immunocytokine Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) Combined with Pembrolizumab for Treatment of Advanced and/or Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Munoz-Couselo Eva , Soria Rivas Ainara , Sandhu Shahneen , Long Georgina V. , Sanmamed Miguel F. , Spreafico Anna , Buchbinder Elizabeth , Sznol Mario , Prenen Hans , Fedenko Alexander , Milhem Mohammed , Arance Fernandez Ana Maria , Grob Jean-Jacques , Demidov Lev , Robert Caroline , Habigt Christin , Evers Stefan , Sleiman Nassim , Dejardin David , Ardeshir Caroline , Martin Nicole , Boetsch Christophe , Charo Jehad , Teichgräber Volker , Kraxner Anton , Keshelava Nino , Bechter Oliver
Published: February 2025

Baseline patient characteristics
Methods S1 from Phase Ib Study of Immunocytokine Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) Combined with Pembrolizumab for Treatment of Advanced and/or Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Munoz-Couselo Eva , Soria Rivas Ainara , Sandhu Shahneen , Long Georgina V. , Sanmamed Miguel F. , Spreafico Anna , Buchbinder Elizabeth , Sznol Mario , Prenen Hans , Fedenko Alexander , Milhem Mohammed , Arance Fernandez Ana Maria , Grob Jean-Jacques , Demidov Lev , Robert Caroline , Habigt Christin , Evers Stefan , Sleiman Nassim , Dejardin David , Ardeshir Caroline , Martin Nicole , Boetsch Christophe , Charo Jehad , Teichgräber Volker , Kraxner Anton , Keshelava Nino , Bechter Oliver
Published: February 2025

Supplementary methods
Figure 2 from Phase Ib Study of Immunocytokine Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) Combined with Pembrolizumab for Treatment of Advanced and/or Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Munoz-Couselo Eva , Soria Rivas Ainara , Sandhu Shahneen , Long Georgina V. , Sanmamed Miguel F. , Spreafico Anna , Buchbinder Elizabeth , Sznol Mario , Prenen Hans , Fedenko Alexander , Milhem Mohammed , Arance Fernandez Ana Maria , Grob Jean-Jacques , Demidov Lev , Robert Caroline , Habigt Christin , Evers Stefan , Sleiman Nassim , Dejardin David , Ardeshir Caroline , Martin Nicole , Boetsch Christophe , Charo Jehad , Teichgräber Volker , Kraxner Anton , Keshelava Nino , Bechter Oliver
Published: February 2025

Pharmacodynamic results in peripheral blood. Peripheral blood collected at baseline and various on-treatment time points (e.g., C2D1, C3D1, and C4D1) was assessed for changes in key immune cell subsets such as NK cells, CD8 T cells, CD4 T cells, and Tregs (A) and markers for immune cell activation (sCD25) and proliferation (Ki-67+; B). BL, baseline; C, cycle; D, day.
Kallini et al. (2024) do not compare impossible languages with constituency-based ones
Authors: Hunter Tim
Published: February 2025

A central goal of linguistic theory is to find a precise characterization of the notion “possible human language”, in the form of a computational device that is capable of describing all and only the languages that can be acquired by a typically developing human child. The success of recent large language models (LLMs) in NLP applications arguably raises the possibility that LLMs might be computational devices that meet this goal. This would only be the case if, in addition to succeeding in learning human languages, LLMs struggle to learn “impossible” human languages. Kallini et al. (2024) conducted experiments aiming to test this by training GPT-2 on a variety of synthetic languages, and found that it learns some more successfully than others. They present these asymmetries as support for the idea that LLMs’ inductive biases align with what is regarded as “possible” for human languages, but the most significant comparison has a confound that makes this conclusion unwarranted.
Professional “I-concept” of Cadets at a Military University and Students at a Civil University Studying in the Direction of “Psychology”
Authors: Mikhno Olga S.
Published: February 2025

Background. In modern society, the demands to the professionalism of psychologists are increasing, which is reflected in the innovative trends in higher professional education reforms. Currently, complex and contradictory dynamics is observed in the youth environment. On the one hand, positive shifts are taking place in the field of formation of the professional “I-concept” of young specialists. On the other hand, there is an increase in negative social processes: the spread of a dependent position, a consumer attitude to life, a bifurcation of moral standards, etc. Accordingly, studies that identify predictors of the professional “I-concept” of the future specialists in order to improve the system of their professional training and education are relevant.
Objective. The study focuses on the comparison of the characteristics of professional “I-concept” among cadets of a military university and students of a civil university studying in the direction of “Psychology”.
Methods. The research was carried out using the following methods: the “Career Anchor” by E. Shane; “Value Orientations” by M. Rokeach; methodology for studying the status of professional identity by A.A. Azbel, adapted for university students and cadets.
Sample. The study involved 59 students of a civil university and 50 cadets of a military university, being at the third and fourth years of studying in the field of Psychology, aged from 20 to 26 years.
Results. The empirical study revealed significant statistical differences between the groups in individual parameters of the professional “I-concept”: in the severity of individual career orientations, in the value orientations and in the status of professional identity.
Conclusions. The features of the professional “I-concept” differ in psychology students and psychology cadets, which is explained by the specifics of their training: psychology cadets develop career orientations and values with management, teamwork, high activity, mobility; psychology students often have career orientations toward entrepreneurship.
Anxiety and Neurophysiological Markers: Mobile EEG Analysis
Authors: Leonteva Anna D. , Zubarev Alexey S.
Published: February 2025

Background. There is a need to develop more advanced methods for diagnosing and correcting anxiety, as currently a significant number of people experience this condition.
Objective. This paper examines the relationship between the power ratio of beta and alpha rhythms (concentration index), alpha asymmetry in the temporal lobes, the subjective level of personal anxiety and stress levels in a calm state and under conditions of cognitive load.
Study Participants. The study involved 38 healthy subjects aged 21 to 47 years (Md = 23.0, SD = 7.99, 24 women).
Methods. To determine the level of anxiety, the subjects filled out questionnaires: the Spielberger — Hanin Anxiety Scale and the Pennsylvania Anxiety Questionnaire. The electrical activity of the brain was recorded using the Neiry Headband Pro electroencephalograph. Cognitive load is induced using the Stroop verbal colour test and its modifications. Statistical data processing was carried out using descriptive statistics tools. Spearman's correlation coefficient and Wilcoxon's T-test were analyzed.
Results. It was found that the higher the subjective estimates of anxiety are, the weaker the concentration index increases at the stages with cognitive tasks. Also, in the presence of left-sided alpha asymmetry in the background, there is an increase in the subjective stress level at subsequent stages with cognitive load.
Conclusions. Mobile neurophysiological measurements can be an effective tool for the development of early diagnosis methods and an individualized approach to the treatment of anxiety disorders.
Organizational Behaviour in Employees with Impostor Phenomenon
Authors: Rudnova Natalia A. , Sheveleva Marina S.
Published: February 2025

Background. According to current research, about 40% of working adults are prone to the Imposter Phenomenon. It means that about half of employees have intrinsic obstacles for career development. It has been shown that both professional wellbeing and the quality of work performance depend on the level of work satisfaction to a larger degree. However, there is a critical lack of studies on a Russian sample on how employees with high Imposter Phenomenon behave at workplace depending on their level of satisfaction with different occupational factors.
Objectives. The objective of this research is to study organizational behaviour in employees with high Imposter Phenomenon depending on the level of their job satisfaction.
Study Participants. 331 working Russian respondents with the age range from 18 to 68 took part in this cross-sectional study.
Methods. They filled out the questionnaire containing four scales: Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale, Individual Work Performance Questionnaire by L. Koopmans, Procrastination at Work Scale by U. Metin and The Structure of the Performance Incentives by T. Badoev.
Results. The results of the statistical analysis indicate that the employees with low Imposter Phenomenon (both satisfied with their job and not) demonstrate higher behavioral indicators of readiness to solve working problems and lower behavioral indicators of counterproductive working behaviour and procrastination at the workplace.
Conclusions. The results of the current study lead to the assumption that the Impostor Phenomenon could be a predictor of the behaviour connected with solving working tasks; work satisfaction could be a predictor of the behaviour connected with supporting company values. Both the Impostor Phenomenon and work satisfaction could serve as the predictors to counterproductive working behaviour and procrastination at the workplace.
Testimonia najdawniejszych dziejów Słowian. Seria łacińska. Tom. 3: Średniowiecze. Zeszyt 1a: Narracyjne źródła węgierskie. Pisarze z wieku XI-XIV (kroniki, rocznik, hagiografia)
Authors: Grunwald-Hajdasz Barbara , Grzesik Ryszard , Kotłowska Anna , Mądry Wojciech , Quéret-Podesta Adrien
Published: February 2025

This work is part of the series „Testimonia najdawniejszych dziejów Słowian” [Testimonies of the Earliest History of the Slavs], an editorial project pursued at the Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences for almost fifty years. This instalment presents information about the Slavs contained in medieval Hungarian sources. Considering the importance of Polish-Hungarian relations and the tradition of friendship between the two countries and their peoples, which is alive to this day, we decided to expand the scope of our research. Apart from records about the Slavs, we also present the idea of medieval Hungarians about their past, as well as extensive passages concerning not only the civil wars in Hungary after the death of the first crowned ruler of the country, Stephen I (St Stephen), in which the Slavic neighbours were involved, but also the Hungarian interventions in countries referred to as Slavic today. The excerpts from sources appear in the original version with a parallel Polish translation and come in two sections: historiography and hagiography. One novelty is that the Hungarian-Polish Chronicle (in both redactions) appears in the hagiography section,which may allow us to see it in a new, and unobvious, context. The final item in the volume of sources is the first Polish translation of the oldest continuous text in Hungarian: „Halotti beszéd és könyörgés” [Funeral Sermon and Prayer]. The second volume contains a commentary to the excerpted sources: a lexicon which provides information about historical figures, place names and other toponyms as well as selected political terms from the history of Hungary. In this way, we draw on the research traditions of the team that prepared this work – the traditions of „Słownik starożytności słowiańskich” [Lexicon of Slavic Antiquities].
Two-stream approximation in radiative transfer: Average Optical Path Length Estimation
Authors: Stamnes Knut , Kindervatter Tim , Li Wei , Chen Nan , Huang Yuping , Hu Yongxiang , Stamnes Snorre , Lu Xiaomei , Hamre Børge , Tanikawa Tomonori , Lee Jennifer , Weimer Carl , Zeng Xubin , Gatebe Charles K. , Stamnes Jakob J.
Published: February 2025

A general solution based on the two-stream approximation (TSA) to the radiative transfer equation is provided in plane-parallel geometry for an anisotropically scattering slab of arbitrary physical thickness. Conventional two-stream algorithms are used to compute net irradiances and mean radiances, which in turn can be used to estimate heating/cooling rates and photolysis rates. In contrast, our two-stream solution generally applies at arbitrary polar angles, and can be used to estimate average optical path lengths for photons backscattered from a medium such as a cloud, a snowpack, or a vegetation canopy. For a slab consisting of scattering/absorbing particulate matter, the solution is valid for arbitrary values of the optical depth, “observation” polar angle, beam incidence polar angle, single-scattering albedo, backscattering ratio, and slab optical thickness. The upward diffuse radiance is used to estimate the average optical path length for photons reflected from a semi-infinite slab for collimated beam illumination. It is shown that for semi-infinite media, three different two-stream estimates of the average optical path length closely agree with one another. They are also in close agreement with results based on accurate, but computationally more expensive multi-stream radiative transfer simulations. This general TSA solution can be used for spaceborne and airborne lidar measurements of clouds, snowpacks, and vegetation.
SWIFT: A Monotonic, Flux-Form Semi-Lagrangian Tracer Transport Scheme for Flow with Large Courant Numbers
Authors: Bendall Thomas M. , Kent James
Published: February 2025

Local conservation of mass and entropy are becoming increasingly desirable properties for modern numerical weather and climate models. This work presents a Flux-Form Semi-Lagrangian (FFSL) transport scheme, called SWIFT, that facilitates this conservation for tracer variables, whilst maintaining other vital properties such as preservation of a constant, monotonicity and positivity. Importantly, these properties all hold for large Courant numbers and multi-dimensional flow, making the scheme appropriate for use within a dynamical core which takes large time steps. The SWIFT scheme presented here can be seen as an evolution of the FFSL methods of Leonard et al. and Lin and Rood. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional schemes consist of a splitting into a sequence of one-dimensional calculations. The new SWIFT splitting presented here allows monotonic and positivity properties from the one-dimensional calculations to be inherited by the multi-dimensional scheme. These one-dimensional calculations involve separating the mass flux into terms that correspond to integer and fractional parts of the Courant number. Key to achieving conservation is coupling the transport of tracers to the transport of the fluid density, through re-use of the discrete mass flux that was calculated from the fluid density in the transport of the tracers. This work also describes how these properties can still be attained when the tracer is vertically-staggered from the density in a Charney-Phillips grid.
Preventive Effect of Controlled-Release Dexamethasone on Cochlear Ossification in Meningitis Model
Authors: Eravcı Fakih Cihat , Kaplan Ömer , Kılınç Fahriye , Doğan Metin , Arbağ Hamdi , Orhan Miyase
Published: February 2025

Objective:

Despite vaccination and early antibiotic treatment, pneumococcal meningitis remains a disease with significant mortality and morbidity. The resulting inflammatory response can lead to cochlear fibrosis, ossification where cochlear implant surgeries are far challenging. Our study aimed to investigate the preventive effect of controlled-release dexamethasone implant in such cases in terms of structural integrity.

Methods:

Twenty-four rats were induced with pneumococcal meningitis and randomized into study (n = 16) and control (n = 8) groups. Controlled-release dexamethasone implants were placed transbullarly into the right round window of the study group. Bilateral cochleas underwent histological examination 3 months post-infection.

Results:

In the study, cochlear effects of pneumococcal meningitis were evaluated. The basal turn was significantly more affected by fibrosis and ossification ( P = .013 and .010, respectively). Compared with control ears, the dexamethasone implant group showed less fibrosis in all turns and less ossification in the basal turn ( P = .014, .003, .044, and .035, respectively).

Conclusion:

In pneumococcal meningitis, fibrosis and ossification occur more intensively in the basal turn of the cochlea. Controlled-release dexamethasone implants are effective in preventing cochlear ossification and fibrosis. The prevention from the structural damage indicates the potential role of these dexamethasone implants in post-meningitic hearing loss and easing cochlear implant surgeries.
Evaluating a Tobacco-free Policy Intervention in Residential Substance Use Disorder Programs
Authors: Pagano Anna , McCuistian Caravella , Fokuo J. Konadu , Le Jennifer , Guydish Joseph
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Individuals in treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) use tobacco at much higher rates than the general population. Qualitative research can help identify successful implementation approaches for tobacco-free policy interventions in SUD treatment, but qualitative post-intervention evaluation studies are limited. Methods: Directors of sixteen residential SUD treatment programs participated in a multi-year tobacco-free policy intervention. Semi-structured interviews ( n = 32) were conducted at 12- and 18 months post-intervention. Interview transcripts were analyzed thematically to determine implementation barriers and supports. Results: Supports for tobacco-free policies included a broader wellness context, alternatives to smoking, community partnerships, gradual change, and patient inclusion. Barriers were patient cessation challenges, staff resistance, and insufficient capacity. Conclusion: Implementation of tobacco-free policies in residential SUD treatment programs is feasible but requires significant planning and support. Single state agencies and other substance use treatment authorities should allocate more resources to support implementation of tobacco-free policies in SUD treatment.
Forgiveness-Seeking Behaviors Among Online Romance Fraudsters: Insights from Sakawa Actors in Ghana
Authors: Abubakari Yushawu
Published: February 2025

This study examines forgiveness-seeking behaviors among online romance fraudsters in Ghana, focusing on how Sakawa actors navigate moral guilt. Employing Moral Disengagement Theory and Cultural Criminology perspectives, the study revealed three themes: the motivation for seeking forgiveness, its associated rituals, and its role in victim selection. The findings show that Sakawa actors in Ghana exploit social interpretations of forgiveness to navigate the divine repercussions of Sakawa and to manipulate victims rather than as a genuine effort toward reconciliation or desistance from online romance fraud. The results suggest that although seeking forgiveness is often regarded as a social and moral virtue, an offender’s intent to seek forgiveness does not necessarily indicate a willingness to cease criminal behaviors. The findings also reveal the potential criminogenic dimensions of forgiveness, raising questions about its virtue and suggesting the need for further research into forgiveness narratives, particularly within the context of fraud.
Primary care occupational therapist’s methods of outcome evaluation: Do they align to value-based healthcare?
Authors: Ingham Laura , Cooper Alison , Purcell Catherine
Published: February 2025

Introduction:

Occupational therapy roles are increasing across General Practice in primary care. The evidence base is growing; however, the best way to evaluate outcomes and the impact of practice in this setting remains unclear. Consideration for how methods used align to ambitions of value-based healthcare is also required. This study explored evaluation methods used by occupational therapists, providing services to General Practice in Wales within the context of value-based healthcare.

Method:

An online focus group was conducted with 13 members of a Welsh Primary Care Occupational Therapy network. Mixed methods were used and Mentimeter results and findings from group discussion were analysed through content and framework analysis.

Results:

A multifaceted but inconsistent approach to evaluation was reported. Methods used, strengthened by professional core values, broadly aligned practice to shared ambitions of value-based healthcare. The use of validated patient rated scales were most commonly used to evaluate patient experience, whilst cost-effectiveness was least well considered.

Conclusion:

Further research is required to understand occupational therapy evaluation in this setting to identify what is needed by stakeholders to determine impact and establish value. This could inform care at both an individual level and across populations if consistent data are collected at scale.
Association between headache frequency and risk for fibromyalgia in patients with migraine
Authors: Liao Yen-Hui , Tzeng Yi-Shiang , Chen Shih-Pin , Ling Yu-Hsiang , Chen Wei-Ta , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Wang Yen-Feng
Published: February 2025

Background

The present study aimed to evaluate the risk and impact of fibromyalgia in relation to headache frequency in migraine patients.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved migraine patients from a regional hospital and a tertiary medical center. Diagnoses of migraine and fibromyalgia were made according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition, and the modified 2016 American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria, respectively. Clinical data, including Fibromyalgia Symptoms (FS) scale and revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR), were collected systematically by questionnaires-based interviews. Patients were categorized based on monthly headache day (MHD) cut-offs derived from decision tree analysis based on the chi-squared automatic interaction detection algorithm.

Results

The study involved 2082 migraine patients (1619 female/463 male, mean ± SD age 39.3 ± 12.0 years), including 132 with fibromyalgia (118 female/14 male, mean ± SD age 44.1 ± 12.7 years) (6.3%). Patients were divided into three groups: ≤9 MHDs (n = 924), 10–20 MHDs (n = 745) and ≥21 MHDs (n = 413). The percentage of fibromyalgia increased with headache frequency ( p < 0.001). When compared with patients with ≤9 MHDs (2.8%), those with 10–20 MHDs (6.2%) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.11–3.23, p = 0.019) and ≥21 MHDs (14.5%) (OR = 3.68, 95% CI = 2.08–6.49, p < 0.001) were more likely to have fibromyalgia. Patients with more frequent headaches had higher FS and FIQR scores (all p < 0.001 between MHD categories).

Conclusions

There was an independent dose–response association between headache frequency and odds, severity, and impact of fibromyalgia in migraine patients. For migraine patients with a higher headache frequency, the potential risk of comorbid fibromyalgia should not be overlooked given its association with more severe clinical manifestations and greater disability.
Artificial Intelligence Technologies and Mobile Applications in Cosmetic Surgery: Trends and Recommendations
Authors: Vargas Nikoletta , Hamrah Daria , Serra Marc M.
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied across all fields of medicine, including plastic and cosmetic surgery, where it has become essential. Numerous mobile applications (apps) are available on various app store platforms, allowing patients to explore options for facial aesthetic modifications. Evidence suggests that AI tools can enhance surgeon-patient communication, assist patients in decision-making and managing surgical expectations, improve patient care, and streamline administrative, marketing, and logistical aspects. For surgical residents, AI tools and mobile apps also facilitate access to educational content, potentially improving surgical skills through virtual surgery simulations. Data on relevant online apps were gathered from official virtual app stores, including the Apple App Store, Google Play Store, Amazon Appstore, and Windows Store. App features were analyzed for compatibility with iOS, Android, and web-based platforms. Information on apps and online tools was sourced from the official websites of leading societies in aesthetic, cosmetic facial, and general plastic surgery. This article provides an overview of available online tools, detailing their focus, customer reviews, download size, and availability on app stores. It includes mobile apps launched by leading aesthetic/cosmetic surgery societies, which are utilized by members for networking, event information, practice management, and patient care. Trends in AI tools used by cosmetic plastic surgeons are also examined. A summary of the most popular mobile apps, both with and without AI technology and non-immersive virtual reality—recommended by prominent American and international aesthetic/cosmetic surgery societies confirms the growing significance and utilization of these tools in the field.
Peptides-functionalized gold nanostars enhanced degradation of PD-L1 for improved prostate cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Tao Liangjun , Zhang Yifei , Zhang Jingwei , Tao Jianping , Gong Yu , Mao Jun , Tian Qixing , Ao Ping , Zhuo Dong
Published: February 2025

Blockage of the interaction between programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) can restore T-cell activity and enhance antitumor immunity. PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitors have promising applications in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa). We successfully developed a peptides-functionalized gold nanoconstruct (P-AuNS) consisted of PD-L1-binding peptide (PD-L1pep, P) and gold nanostar (AuNS), which could bind to cell-surface PD-L1 specifically and deliver PD-L1 into PCa cells with high efficiency. In PCa cells, P-AuNS can efficiently degrade PD-L1 in a lysosomal-dependent manner. In the co-culture system of Jurkat cells and DU145 cells, P-AuNS restored the proliferative capacity and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) secretion level of Jurkat cells inhibited by co-cultured DU145 cells, indicating that P-AuNS effectively hampered the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1. In addition, in PCa-bearing mice, P-AuNS can effectively inhibit tumor growth and down-regulate PD-L1 protein levels, and in vivo experimental results show that P-AuNS has no systemic toxicity. P-AuNS block the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 by efficiently degrading PD-L1, thus restoring the antitumor activity of T cells and inhibiting tumor progression of PCa. In all, P-AuNS has great promise as a potential immunotherapy strategy in the treatment of advanced PCa and even other solid tumors.
The Role of Rape Myth Acceptance, Situational Context, and Gender in Individual’s Perceptions of Image-Based Sexual Abuse Victims and Perpetrators
Authors: Adair Jewels , Senn Charlene Y.
Published: February 2025

Image-based sexual abuse (IBSA), defined as the non-consensual creation, use, and/or distribution of sexually explicit photos, is an under-researched yet common form of violence against women. Victims of this form of violence are often blamed for the abuse they endure, which influences their likelihood to seek help and recover. While in-person sex work stigma is known to increase the likelihood of negative reactions to victims, it is unknown whether women who share their own sexual images online for money are viewed in similar ways. The current study used an experimental vignette design to understand the influence of the context of IBSA, specifically related to how the original image was produced, and gender, on individuals’ attributions of blame to a female victim and male perpetrator of IBSA and their empathy for the victim, while controlling for rape myth endorsement. Results showed that participants placed more blame on the victim, less blame on the perpetrator, and displayed less empathy toward the victim when she took the explicit photo herself compared to a victim whose photo was taken by someone else. Moreover, participants blamed a perpetrator of IBSA less when he had paid for access to the explicit photo on a subscription-based website and displayed lower empathy for a victim of IBSA who earned a monetary reward for their explicit photo. On average, women reported more empathy for victims of IBSA compared to men, and individuals of all genders who endorsed rape myths to a greater degree placed more blame on victims of IBSA. This study is the first step in understanding the ways in which the context of image production affects the views of victims and perpetrators of IBSA and provides important information for prevention and education efforts.