bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The historical demography of the multigenerational family: Evidence from crowdsourced genealogies
Authors: Skopek Jan , Leopold Thomas , Posegga Oliver
Published: August 2024

Knowledge of the demography of multigenerational family ties is limited to the 20th and 21st centuries. Exploiting crowdsourced genealogies (the FamiLinx data), our research note empirically reconstructs the changing multigenerational family from pre-industrial colonial America (1700) up to the end of the gilded age (1910) in today’s United States in comparison with contemporaneous data from selected European regions. We estimate supply of and exposure to multigenerational kin measured by the number of, and years of life shared with, parents and grandparents. Multigenerational supply and exposure increased in the US and all European regions, but changes were modest compared to the surge that followed in the 20th century. Historically, the multigenerational family was consistently stronger in the US than in all European regions yet from 1850 onwards differences diminished. Our study documents, for the first time, the substantial cross-continental differences in the demographic-historical pathways leading up to the modern multigenerational family.
Petri net model of coupled IL-6 and IL-22 pathways supports the understanding of pharmacological effects of cytokine variants
Authors: Kessler Marcus , Klemt Lara , Ackermann Jörg , Mühl Heiko , Welsch Christoph , Koch Ina
Published: August 2024

The pleiotropic cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 22 (IL-22) are involved in multiplesignaling pathways in a variety of cells. In hepatocytes, they activate the acute phase response byphosphorylating and activating STAT3 homodimers. Other functions, which involve both STAT1and STAT3 homodimers as well as heterodimers, include cell homeostasis and tissue repair. However, high concentrations of IL-6 and IL-22 are associated with worse outcomes for patients with liver pathologies such as cirrhosis and chronic liver failure. Continuous overexpression of these cytokines can prove detrimental to the liver and lead to the formation of tumors. Consequently, these pathways are tightly controlled by regulatory proteins such as SOCS. Despite their importance to liver function in health and disease, the signaling pathways activated by IL-6 and IL-22 have still not been fully described. Cross-talk between both cytokines is similarly enigmatic.We have built a Petri net model of the IL-6 and IL-22 pathways to improve our understandingof cytokine regulation and to produce testable predictions regarding the dynamics of the interactionsbetween the variety of involved agonists and antagonists. The model includes cytokine binding totheir respective receptors. Following receptor binding, the JAK/STAT pathways can be activated,leading to RNA transcription. This process is regulated in our model by various inhibitors and,through negative feedback, SOCS binding to the receptor complexes.We analyzed the model for invariants to control for and eliminate errors and find any relevantsub-pathways in the model. We applied in silico knockout experiments to explore how critical different proteins appear for the functioning of the pathways and compared them to previous in vivoexperiments from the scientific literature. We undertook further analysis using clustering algorithmsto validate the model and find similarities between sub-pathways. We used our model to performasynchronous simulations, which led us to the hypothesis that the higher levels of IL-6 in comparisonto IL-22 in some pathologies may compensate for the slower assembly of the IL-6 receptor complex due to its higher structural complexity. We performed stochastic simulations of partial cytokine agonists confirming prior experimental results showing biased phosphorylation of STAT1/3 for lower cytokine receptor binding dwell-times, which may help in the discovery of interleukin-related therapeutics.
The Architecture of the Internet Model of the Theory of Everything (iTOEArch) -- Version 0.1
Authors: TIJANI M. A.
Published: August 2024

The Internet Model of the Theory of Everything known in short as iTOE or Internet TOE.Overall Aim: To build an open, transparent, and inclusive Internet dedicated to TOE studies for all fields and disciplines
Lathes’ Machine Selection Base on Operational Sensitivity and Costing
Authors: Ejiko Samuel Omojola
Published: August 2024

The need to estimate the cost of operating a machine tool for the purpose of pricing a job or billing a customer is of great importance. This would establish a good relationship between customers and operators. The cost depends on the sensitivity of the machine tool. In determining the sensitivity of lathes, parameters considered were the finishing time of operation in relation to the machining parameters which were feed, capacity and speed at a unit depth of cut. The component design parameters were metal volume removed, complexity and the skill level involved. Costing was done based on literature and the current prime cost of running and operating the machine shop. The developed numerical model has a coefficient of determination R2 of 0.962 specifying a high degree of agreement for experimental and theoretical data. The results showed that lathe machines with smaller capacity have lower operational sensitivity with more cost effectiveness where as higher capacity, numerical control and CNC lathe machines had higher sensitivity but less cost effective.
Attractive Job Advertisements? Potential Discrepancies between Managers Predictions and Preferences of Nursing Recruits
Authors: Keppeler Florian , Pedersen Anne Toftdahl , Noer Vibeke Røn , Jacobsen Christian Bøtcher
Published: August 2024

Job advertisements signal employer value propositions (EVPs) that affect the interest in a job. Such job ads are designed by managers in public organizations. But do managers who design those job ads actually know which EVPs are more or less preferred by nursing recruits? We explore discrepancies between nursing recruits and managers in their relative preference of EVPs. Two conjoint experiments were conducted with 503 Danish nursing students, who represent the recruit pool on the job market, and 103 managers from public health organizations with recruitment responsibilities. For recruits, some of the preferred propositions are more symbolic, such as daily patient contact or high social support. In contrast, managers may overestimate the relative importance of some instrumental propositions, such as low salary or temporary position. We discuss the implications of comparing predictions of managers to recruits’ perceptions, researching multi-incentive settings, and understanding symbolic and instrumental propositions in job ads.
Building Eco-Wealth: How Climate Subsidies Shape Support for the Greens
Authors: Alberdi Martín
Published: August 2024

How do climate subsidies affect support for Green parties? Lately, climate policieshave shifted from distributing costs through carbon pricing to offering benefits viasubsidies. Research shows that policies imposing concentrated costs provoke electoralbacklash. However, what happens when the benefits of climate policies are concentratedand the costs are diffuse? This study examines how climate subsidies for rooftopsolar panels influence political behavior in Germany. I argue that solar panel investmentsallow homeowners to self-insure by increasing their ecological wealth, improvingtheir perception of the economic benefits of the energy transition, and strengtheningsupport for ambitious climate policies. Using difference-in-differences designs, Ishow that homeowners are more likely to support the Greens after purchasing solarpanels. This self-insurance function of climate subsidies suggests that material incentivescan provide a distinct source of support for fast-tracking the climate transition,albeit at the cost of benefiting wealthy homeowners.
Exploring the nature of multilingual input to infants in multiple caregiver families in an African city: the case of Accra (Ghana)
Authors: Omane Paul Okyere , Benders Titia , Boll-Avetisyan Natalie
Published: August 2024

Examining the language input experiences of infants growing up in multilingual Africanenvironments is essential to understanding their language acquisition. We explored the languageinput to 3;0 -12;0-month-old infants (N = 121) in Ghana (Sub-Saharan Africa), a non-Westernand less-economically rich social context and highly multilingual country. Data collectioninvolved an interview assessment, followed by caregivers completing a 12-hour logbook toindicate the languages their child heard over a day. Results demonstrated consistency of theinfant's language exposure across both input measurement tools, suggesting their reliability.Results revealed that Ghanaian infants are raised multilingually, exposed to between two and sixlanguages, and engage with between two and six regular input providers. There was no evidencefor associations of age with number of languages or regular input providers. Analyses of therelative amount of input in Ghanaian English, Akan, Ewe, and Ga, revealed that infants receiveless direct than indirect input in Ghanaian English, with no such difference observed in Akan,Ewe, Ga, and no evidence of age effects. These findings shed light on the language environmentand input to African infants raised in multilingual societies, highlighting the impact of social andcultural contexts on linguistic input. We conclude with reflections on studying infants in non-Western, less-economically Rich social contexts in multilingual Africa.
CHARACTER EDUCATION IN GEGURITAN NITI RAJA SASANA AS A REINFORCEMENT OF RELIGIOUS MODERATION
Authors: Gunada I Wayan Agus , Harnika Ni Nyoman , Lestari Ni Wayan Ria , Rahmanu I Wayan Eka Dian
Published: August 2024

This study explores the intrinsic values of character education and religious moderation as depicted in the Niti Raja Sasana geguritan, a literary work rich in noble values. The geguritan primarily focuses on lea­dership concepts, specifically the philosophical notions of “bratanem­belas” and “catur pariksa”. These concepts and their inherent values are pertinent to character education and the reinforcement of religious mode­ration. Given the significant threat posed by radicalism and intolerance to the unity of Indonesia, it is crucial to fortify and internalize character values and religious moderation from an early age. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews and literature reviews. The study found that the leadership concepts in the Niti Raja Sasana geguritan serve as guidelines for leaders, embodying ethical and moral values that align with character education. Furthermore, tolerance, a key aspect of these leadership concepts, is essential for navi­gating societal dynamics and differences, reflecting the core of religious moderation. Additionally, the geguritan is much embedded with values of character and religious moderation. This study is expected to serve as a reference for the enhancement of character education and religious mode­ration, contributing to efforts to curb the proliferation of radical and into­lerant ideologies.
Characteristics of Manuscripts Dictionary of Mu'jam Al-Qur'an Collection of Research and Development Center for Lectures and Religious Treasures Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia
Authors: Wahidi Ridhoul , Nur Kholis  , M. Nurkhalis. AM
Published: August 2024

This article examines the manuscript of the Kamus Mu’jam al-Qur’an, which is a collection of mosques in the Popongan, Klaten Pashantren Complex and has been informed from conventional to digital by the Pushlitbang Lektur and Khazanah Religion Ministry of Religion RI. This manuscript not only serves as a source of religious texts, but also has certain characteristics that reflect the history, traditions, and values contained therein. The purpose of this research is to study the specific characteristics of this manuscript. The research method used in this research is philology with two approaches namely codicology and textology. The results and findings in this study are first, from the codicological aspect. The manuscript is in good condition and still readable. In the script there are surah names, verse numbers, and verse keywords. In this manuscript there's no pages on every sheet. This manuscript is written in Arabic. This script is threaded. Consists of 1 booklet with a total of 37 pages. The paper size is 21x17 cm while the text size is irregular. But it is not written according to a good or perfect writing method. As for the majority of script writing using black, green, and red ink is used on certain signs. This manuscript has eight keywords: al-Asrār, dīnu yusr, ihsān, abrār, sulh, ‘ilm, ‘adamu taqlid, and al-‘amal. Second, from a textological aspect. The manuscript contains several scholia, among which are the scholia correction of errors, keywords, descriptions of letters, different ink colors in the manuscript, reading marks, Wakaf marks and corrupt texts. This research is expected to provide a new insight into the importance of the Kamus Mu’jam al-Qur’an as a source of knowledge and understanding of religion, as well as its contribution to the development of the study of the Quran in Indonesia.
Pelaksanaan Komunikasi Kepala Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru Dan Tenaga Kependidikan di SMA Cerdas Murni Tembung
Authors: Neliwati  , Asril Umar  , Yeni Nasril
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pelaksanaan komunikasi kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru dan tenaga kependidikan di SMA Cerdas Murni Tembung. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kepala sekolah menerapkan dan mensosialisasikan peraturan-peraturan serta mengembangkan kinerja guru dan tenaga kependidikan melalui kegiatan yang mendukung profesionalitas mereka. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, dengan kepala sekolah, guru, dan tenaga kependidikan sebagai responden utama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi yang efektif dari kepala sekolah memainkan peran penting dalam pencapaian kinerja yang optimal. Kepala sekolah yang mampu membangun komunikasi yang baik, memberikan arahan yang jelas, dan memotivasi guru serta tenaga kependidikan berhasil menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang kondusif dan produktif. Selain itu, keberhasilan komunikasi internal yang baik antara kepala sekolah dan stafnya berkontribusi secara signifikan terhadap peningkatan prestasi siswa di bidang akademik dan non-akademik. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya peran kepala sekolah dalam manajemen komunikasi untuk meningkatkan kinerja institusi pendidikan secara keseluruhan.
Kata kunci: komunikasi, kepala sekolah, kinerja
Pengaruh Psychological Well-Being Dan Perceived Social Support Terhadap Loneliness Pada Mahasiswa Perantau
Authors: Wijaya Aulia Putri Pratiwi , Fahrul Rozi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh perceived social support yang dirasakan dan psychological well-being terhadap loneliness pada mahasiswa perantau. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale short 8 (ULS-8), dan The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa perceived social support dan psychological well-being secara simultan maupun individual memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap loneliness. Ditemukan pula bahwa 25,3% varians loneliness dapat dijelaskan oleh perceived social support dan psychological well-being. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa perantau yang loneliness memerlukan perceived social support untuk meningkatkan psychological well-being mereka.
Kata kunci: kesejahteraan psikologis, dukungan sosial, kesepian, mahasiswa perantau
Pengembangan Manajemen Bimbingan dan Konseling Berbasis Web Pada Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA)
Authors: Pandiangan Kartini Tarida Lusiana , Nasrun  , Eka Daryanto
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangakan layanan Manajemen BK berbasis web yang valid, praktis, dan efektif guna membantu dan meningkatkan kinerja guru di SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan jenis model ADDIE dan melibatkan 30 siswa sebagai sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan kuesioner yang sudah divalidasi oleh ahli. Hasil penelitian ditemukan: 1) produk yang dihasilkan adalah aplikasi manajemen BK berbasis web yang dikembangkan sudah sangat valid, 2) hasil uji praktis menunjukkan nilai rata-rata 4,62 dengan kategori sangat, 3) hasil uji efektifitas berdasarkan nilai Cohen's adalah (56,97 - 33,43) / 1,357 = 0,78 yang dikategorikan efektif digunakan di SMA. Dengan demikian, produk yang dikembangkan berupa web manajemen BK ini dapat digunakan oleh guru untuk membantu dan memudahkan  mengolah dan mengakses data-data sekolah siswa.
Kata kunci: manajemen, bimbingan dan konseling, berbasis web
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MAGGOT (Hermetia illucens) AS CATFISH FEED IN AQUAPONIC FARMING SYSTEMS
Authors:   Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Universitas Trilogi, Sugiarto Anton , Agustin Heny ,   Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Universitas Trilogi
Published: August 2024

The nutritional composition of maggots can be utilized as a substitute for pellets to reduce the cost of purchasing fish feed through an aquaponic system integrated with spinach plants. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of maggots as catfish feed in an aquaponic farming system. The study was conducted from February to July 2021 at the Agroecotechnology Experimental Farm of Trilogy University, Jakarta. Meanwhile, maggot proximate testing was carried out at the Center for Agro Industry, Bogor, West Java. The experiment employed a one-factor Randomized Group Design (RAK) (catfish feed) with three levels: pellets (P0), maggot (P1), and a combination of pellets and maggot (P2). The results showed that using maggot as a substitute for catfish feed in the aquaponic system was considered effective because the weight and length of catfish harvested were as good as those fed with pellets. However, the growth of spinach plants integrated with catfish through the aquaponic system is still not optimal compared to conventional cultivation in general. Nevertheless, the growth results were still better than those integrated with catfish fed with pellet or combination feed. The spinach growth results indicated that the plant had a height of 18.20 cm, a total of 6.14 strands of leaves, a stem diameter of 2.25 mm, a root length of 35.51 cm, and a weight of 20.97 grams.
Characterisations and Scan Findings of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Seen on Staging FDG PET-CT: Contemporary Review and Institutional Experience
Authors: Zanial Ahmad Zaid , Arunasalem Reana Devi
Published: August 2024

Objective: Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET-CT scan is extensively being applied in oncology including lung cancer staging and treatment response assessment by depicting glucose consumption of malignant cells. Non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases such as adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are more prevalent. We aimed to determine the FDG uptake avidity based on semiquantitative maximum Standardise Uptake Value (SUVmax) observed on staging PET-CT of newly diagnosed NSCLC and associated contributing factors. Methods: Retrospective review of 125 cases of biopsy proven lung cancer referred for FDG PET-CT in our institution over the past 2 years. Staging PET-CT scans (n=54) were included for analysis. Clinical parameters and PET-CT findings (SUVmax of primary lesion, presence of nodal and metastatic disease) were investigated. SUVmax of primary lesion for SCC and adenocarcinoma was compared. Association between SUVmax of primary lesion and extrapulmonary FDG- avid lesions presence was also determined. Results: Males were predominant (60%). Average age was 62.5 years. Majority were adenocarcinoma (65%) followed by SCC (22%) and others (13%). Mean tumour size was 5.1 cm. Lung SCC demonstrated intensely increased FDG uptake that was significantly higher compared to adenocarcinoma (average SUVmax 24.4 vs SUVmax 15.6, p<0.05). FDG-avid ipsilateral hilar nodal involvement seen in 63%, mediastinal nodes in 70% while distant metastatic disease in 33%. Patients having primary lesion with SUVmax 20.0 and above were significantly associated with larger tumour size and FDG-avid ipsilateral hilar nodal uptake (p<0.05). Conclusion: Lung SCC was intensely FDG-avid and had higher SUVmax compared to adenocarcinoma. Primary lesions with SUVmax 20.0 and above were associated with larger tumour size and presence of hypermetabolic ipsilateral hilar nodal spread. Information obtained from this review will provide valuable insight into PET-CT scan characteristics of newly diagnosed NSCLC cases in our institution that may influence not only scan reporting formulation but also patient management.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S46
A Novel Theory: Chronic Inflammation Affects Both Upper & Lower Airway in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) & Laryngotracheal Stenosis (LTS)
Authors: Amira Anas Siti Nuraidatul , Rahim Norazila Abdul , Kamarudin Intan Kartika , Mohamad Mariam , Mansor Masaany , Omar Effat
Published: August 2024

Objective: Both Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and Laryngotracheal Stenosis (LTS) cause narrowing of the airway. The Venturi effect states as air passes through a narrow tube, it will move faster, reducing the pressure in that area. According to Bernoulli principle, the tube will collapse to reduce this negative pressure, enabling the area to become more rigid and open up. Studies have shown that due to snoring in OSA patients, traumatic vibrations at the upper airway caused inflammation and denervation of their mucosa and muscle. We conducted a cross sectional study to determine if the trachealis muscle in OSA and LTS patients undergo similar trauma due to airway constriction. Methods: A total of 43 patients were included. Seven had OSA (3 mild, 3 moderate and 1 severe). Ten had LTS, all with history of prolonged intubation and diagnosed as Cotton-Myer grade III stenosis. There were 26 controls comprising of patients with no OSA or LTS undergoing elective tracheostomy. Biopsies were obtained from the uvula (upper airway) and trachealis muscle (lower airway) using a biopsy forcep 2mm in diameter to avoid excessive injury. Result: Histopathological examination (HPE) of the uvula revealed significant hyperplasia of seromucinous glands in the cases compared to the controls, suggestive of chronic inflammation. This may cause excessive salivation intra-orally and affect surgical procedures. Stromal oedema that occurs in chronic inflammation was 3 times more likely to occur in these cases. HPE of trachealis muscle showed significant increase in lymphoplasma cells (LPC) among cases, signifies presence of chronic inflammation in the lower airway of OSA and LTS patients. The control group however are 3 times more likely to have polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell infiltration compared to the cases showing acute inflammatory response rather than chronic inflammation. Conclusion: Both upper and lower airways are affected in OSA and LTS patients.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S47
Effects of Pharmacy Integrated Community Care (PICC) Intervention Program to Improve Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in An Urban Clinic.
Authors: Abdullah Zawawi Zaitul Akmal , Mustapha Maila , Chekut Jasmi Anak , Shin Chyn Nikki Wong
Published: August 2024

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a significant health challenge in Malaysia, with one in every five Malaysians was diagnosed with T2DM according to the National Health Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019. Despite numerous patients undergoing treatment, only 32.4% achieved control. As a chronic illness, the active management of the disease relies heavily on patients themselves. Therefore, the implementation of a program that engages multidisciplinary healthcare professionals and patients is essential to improve disease outcomes. Method: We conducted a before-and-after study to assess the potential impacts of the PICC program. Patients were selected from the clinic’s National Diabetes Registry (NDR), targeting those aged over 40 years old with HbA1c >7% and could commit to the program. The program comprised of four sessions of 3-4 hours each, involving intervention activities conducted by a multidisciplinary team, which included talks, games, quizzes and home visits. These activities took place in community settings. HbA1c levels were measured twice: at the start of the study and at the 16-week mark (end of program). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Results: 10 participants were recruited initially,but only 8 were able to complete the program. The mean age of participants was 60 years (±11.6SD),and their mean duration of T2DM was 8 years (±5.3SD). Of the participants, 5 (62.5%) were female, and all were Malays except one of Iban ethnicity. There was a reduction in HbA1c levels before and after the program, from 7.6% (±1.0 SD) to 7.1% (±0.9 SD). The mean difference in pre- and post-intervention HbA1c levels was 0.5 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.82) and was statistically significant (p=0.008). Conclusion: This program has demonstrated its effectiveness in benefiting patients, despite its small participant pool. To extend these benefits to a larger population, it is imperative to implement the program with a higher number of patientsInternational Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S48
Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention Training for Cadres Collaborated with the Wreda Mandiri Elderly Integrated Health Service
Authors: Puspita Sartika , Ardiansyah M Shulchan , Utari Tita Ratya , Kirmawanto Prasetio , Putri Anggun Kharisma
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The cases of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Indonesia are very high and increase among people over 18 years old, including high blood pressure and obesity. Based on WHO data, NCDs are the biggest cause of death in the world, including heart and blood vessel disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes. NCDs can be prevented with promotive efforts, namely maintaining a lifestyle, eating healthy food, sufficient activity as well as exercise, and regular check-ups as measures to prevent NCDs. Based on this, it is necessary to take promotive action in the form of educating the public about preventing non-infectious diseases and forming NCDs cadres who can skilfully carry out NCDs disease screening examinations such as blood pressure, measuring vital signs, blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid. The Wreda Mandiri Elderly Integrated Service, which is already running in Nitikan village, does not yet have skilled NCD cadres; therefore, this activity needs to be implemented and can be synergized as a NCDs Integrated Service. The aim of this study is to determine the knowledge of NCD cadres who can carry out routine screening checks for preventive measures. Methods: pre-test and post-test control group design regarding NCDs knowledge for NCDs integrated service cadres. Results: This research showed that the knowledge of NCD Wreda Mandiri cadres has increased. The health condition of most members of Wreda Mandiri Integrated Service has normal blood sugar and uric acid levels, but many community members have hypertension. There were 56 people with normal blood sugar levels among the 57 people who were screened for NCDs. 8 people had high uric acid levels, and 45 patients had normal uric acid levels. The results of blood pressure measurements showed that there were 33 people with hypertension, 14 people with pre-hypertension, and 12 people with normal blood pressure. Conclusion: The NCDs integrated their knowledge to prevent NCDs and skilfully carried out NCD disease screening examinations such as blood pressure, measuring vital signs, blood sugar, cholesterol, and uric acid.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S49
Association of Knowledge and Practice of Home Blood Pressure Monitoring (HBPM) Among Second-Year Medical Students
Authors: Rashid Aneesa Abdul , Thew Hui Zhu , Zakaria Zulaikha , Mohd Faizal Muhammad Shafirul Daniel , Cheng Choo Zhi
Published: August 2024

Objective: Hypertension is a global public health challenge, often exhibiting suboptimal management resulting in numerous health complications. Home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) is a valuable tool for aiding healthcare providers in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in patients. Approximately 15% of individuals with hypertension fall within the young adult demographic, ranging from 18 to 39 years old. The early onset of hypertension exposes them to a heightened risk of cardiovascular events occurring prematurely. Consequently, the objective of this research is to assess the association of knowledge of HBPM with practice among medical students. Methods: This was part of a larger study entitled: “Effect of Video Intervention on Knowledge of Proper Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Among Second Year Medical Students, UPM”. It was a cross sectional study done among all second-year medical students in the Universiti Putra Malaysia from April 2022 to 2023 (JKEUPM-2022-143). The students were given online questionnaires on HBPM. The questionnaire underwent content validation by a panel of experts. It consisted of 20 questions on knowledge, with one point for each correct answer. A higher score indicates better knowledge. There were two questions on practice which asked if they did HBPM on themselves or their family members/friends. Results: We report (n=21, 24.1%) of participants do their blood pressure at home, while (n=45,51.7%) do BP monitoring at home to their family members/friends. The mean (+sd) knowledge scores out of a possible 20 for these groups are 10.81 (+ 3.0) and 11.29 (+2.5) respectively. Those who assisted family members/friends with their BP at home had significantly more knowledge scores that those who didn’t (mean difference= 2.7, p=0.000). No significant associations with the group with self BP monitoring. Conclusion: Therefore, we conclude that those who assist others in HBPM have significantly higher knowledge scores compared to those who did not.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S50
Is There a Relationship Between Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) And Colorectal Cancer?
Authors: Mejia Mohamed Elsa Haniffah , Jun Cheng Kim , Azizan Suha , Jong Xue Jing , Loon Khong Tak , Fa Toh Yeh , Hari Chand Bunita Kumari , Ibrahim Zaridatul Aini
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Interleukin 1 α (IL-1α) and High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) are damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which have been associated with cancer progression by promoting proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. This study aimed to determine the expression of IL-1α and HMGB1 in CRC tumours compared to their normal tissue adjacent to tumour (NAT) in CRC patients and their relationship with clinicopathological features. Methods: Ethics approval was obtained from Medical Research Ethics Committee University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). 40 adult patients who underwent CRC tumour resection were recruited. Important clinical information was noted from the patient’s medical records. DAMPs expression levels in tumour and NAT samples were determined based on the percentage of area stained using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Images were analysed using Image J software and subjected to statistical analysis testing for comparison and correlations. Results: 20 male and 20 female patients were recruited with a mean age of 67.93 ± 1.697 years. Patients presented with stage I, 11, III and IV were 11 (27.5%), 11 (27.5%), 16 (40%) and 2 (5%) respectively. Stage IV subjects were excluded from analysis due to low numbers. IL-1α and HMGB1 were significantly higher in tumour samples when compared to NAT, with IL-1α in tumour 17.29% ± 1.685% and 8.326% ± 0.994% in NAT (p < 0.0001), and HMGB1 expressions being 0.04% ± 2.383% in tumour and 22.95% ± 1.848% in NAT (p = 0.0213). A significant difference and positive correlation were observed in the levels of HMGB1 with disease staging (p = 0.0461, r = 0.344). No significant correlations were found with other clinicopathological features. Conclusion: Higher levels of DAMPS in tumour tissues and higher levels of HMGB1are correlated with more advanced disease staging could serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for CRC. This work was supported by UMSC Care Grant PV017-2020.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S52
Oral Mucocele in Pediatric Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Farani Wustha , Femilian Afrylla
Published: August 2024

Mucoceles can appear anywhere on the oral mucosa where there are minor salivary glands. Because the diagnosis is mostly clinical in character, it is important to appropriately do the anamnesis in order to look for any prior trauma. Extravasation and retention mucocele are the two main forms that can develop. Although retention mucoceles can appear anywhere, extravasation mucoceles typically occur on the lower lip. Histologically, mucoceles can be divided into extravasation types and retention types, with extravasation types being more prevalent. The extravasation mucocele, also known as a "mucous retention cyst," lacks an epithelial lining and a defined border. It is thought that trauma to a small salivary gland excretory duct causes an extravasation mucocele to occur. Saliva pools in the nearby submucosal tissue as a result of duct laceration, which causes edema. The obstruction of a minor salivary gland duct, frequently by a sialolith, periductal scarring, or tumor, results in the retention type mucocele. Saliva builds up and the duct enlarges due to the obstruction of salivary flow. A 9-year-old child arrived to Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta with his mother, complaining of a lump on his lower lip. Patient frequently bit his lips since the lump has been there for a few months. It did not hurt and occasionally grew in size. The lump bothered the patient. The dentist performed minor surgery to remove the mucocele. Minor surgery was performed with infiltration anesthesia around the mucocele and then used blade no. 15 for excision of the mucocele. For postoperative wounds, braided surgical sutured silk was used. Post-operative instructions were given, antibiotics and analgetic were prescribed. Patient was recalled after 1 week for the removal of sutures. No recurrence was seen after a follow up at 1 month and 3 months.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S53
Correlation of Body Mass Index and Lipid Profile in Young Adult
Authors: P Hapsari , M Y Semme , D F Utami , Irmayanti _ , S Darma
Published: August 2024

Objectives: Obesity, the primary risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, can be determined by calculating the body mass index. This condition is linked with extensive processes of adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy caused by weight gain as a result of overnutrition and inadequate energy expenditure. These alterations in adipose tissue composition are linked to decreased adipokine production and the development of adipose tissue dysfunction, which is responsible for obesity-related metabolic disorders. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 123 healthy volunteers with various BMIs. Data collection was carried out using interview techniques and then examined for BMI. The level of lipid serum was examined from venous blood. Results: From a total of 123 subjects, 97 people (78.8%) were male and 26 people (21.1%) were female. The mean age (SD) was 25.91±6.04 years. The quantity of data collected as well as the of abnormal BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C, and -C variables, which are 82 (66.7%), 46 (37.4%),36 (29.3%), 42 (34.1%), and 76 (61.8%), respectively. The correlation between BMI and TG (r=0.201,p=0.026), LDL-C (r=0.242, p=0.007), and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (r=0.429, p=0.001). Correlation between BMI and HDLC (r=-0.430, p=0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between obesity and certain components of the lipid profile.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S60
Implementation of Islamic Values in Strengthening Doctor's Professionalism for Students of Medical Faculty, Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Authors: N F Khalid , I D Kartika , I Royani , A A Irwan , S Mokhtar
Published: August 2024

Objectives: In this study the application of section 2 of the Islamic Discipline of Medicine, including tahsinul qiraah (Holy Quran) Al-Fatihah, memorizing verses and selected prayers as well as behavior showing Islamic adab to patients served by medical students with the criteria of being served for 2 x 24 hours was observed. Methods: This was a descriptive study, using quantitative data. A total of 24 medical students were sampled. The assessment form for the first and second components used summative assessment by listening to the reading of Al-Fatihah and memorization of selected verses by paying attention to the makhrajul letters and tajwid. Then for the third component, a questionnaire method was used which was filled in by the patient and his family. The aim of conveying the success from this program is to show that a person undergoing medical education who is known to be very busy with activities can also carry out da'wah during their schedule and still continue to study religious knowledge to apply in daily life. Results: In the tahsinul qiraah component of Holy Qur’an Al-Fatihah there are 71% in the Mumtaz category and 29% in the ahsan category. In the memorization component and selected verses, there were 75% in the mumtaz category and 25% in the ahsan category. In the behavioral component showing Islamic adab to patients, there are 58% who often do it and 42% who sometimes do it. These behaviors include greeting patients and their accompanying families, showing friendliness and sincerity such as shaking the patient's hand, stroking the back, stroking the head, and etc. Conclusion: In the three aspects of assessment, two components have been achieved well, are Tahsin Al-Fatihah and memorizing selected surah such as verses on the creation and development of human life, worship and health, meal and beverage, but Islamic etiquette in medical services can be improved.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S61
The Relationship Between Islamic Hygiene Practices in Children With TheIncidence of Soil Transmitted Helminth in Makassar
Authors: N Fattah , A I Arfah , A H Esa , Rasfayanah - , Z Salsabila
Published: August 2024

Objective: Soil Transmitted Helminth (STH) is a helminthic infectious disease whose mode of transmission is through the soil. Personal hygiene or individual hygiene can be interpreted as a person's efforts to maintain their personal hygiene. The better the parenting style carried out by the parents, the less likely the child will be infected, and vice versa. The purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between parenting styles according to an Islamic perspective in building children's personal hygiene with the incidence of STH infection. Methods: The research used analytical research, with a cross-sectional study design. The data collection technique is by filling out questionnaires and examining the feces samples. And using Fisher's Exact Test analysis Result: Based on the research, the forty-three samples where thirty-three children were infected with worms, which accounts for 76.7% of the total. Meanwhile, ten children were not infected with worms, making up 23.3% of the sample. When considering age characteristics, it was found that 5-year-olds were the most affected by worm infections, with a percentage of 46.5%. Among the children, 39.5% of girls were infected with worms, while 37.2% of boys had worm infections. From 43 samples in this study, there was a relationship between the habit of ablution with the incidence of helminthiasis (p: 0.027), there was a relationship between hand and foot hygiene and the incidence of worms where (p:0.020), there was a relationship between eating habits with the incidence of worms where (p: 0.034). In this study, there was no significant relationship between cleanliness of skin and clothing with the incidence of worms (p: 0.613), bowel habits and nail hygiene with the incidence of worms (p: 0.226), and oral hygiene with the incidence of worms where (p:0.145). Conclusion: There is a relationship between parenting according to an Islamic perspective in building children's personal hygiene with the incidence of STH.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S63
The Effect of Ablution on Changes Blood Pressure in The Elderly with A History of Hypertension at Ibnu Sina Hospital
Authors: Rahmawati - , M E Rachman , Nurhikmawati - , Irmayanti - , A N W Ningsih
Published: August 2024

Objective: To find out the effect of ablution on changes in blood pressure in the elderly with a history of hypertension at Ibnu Sina Hospital. Methods: Seeing changes in blood pressure drop momentarily in hypertensive patients before and after ablution, with data collection carried out at one time. Then, it is carried out through the "one group pretest and post-test design" in elderly with history of hypertension at Ibnu Sina Hospital. Results: There was a significant decrease with p value= 0.001 in systole and p value= 0.029 in diastole. The decrease occurs starting at the 5th minute of both systole and diastole, especially at the 15th minute. Mean value of difference in blood pressure before and after ablution at 5 minutes (systole 6.20 mmHg, diastole 4.70 mmHg), at 10 minutes (systole 11.57 mmHg, diastole 9.40 mmHg), at 15 minutes (systole 15.03 mmHg, diastole 11.53 mmHg). Conclusion: There was a decrease in blood pressure shortly after ablution in elderly people with hypertension.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S64
Implementation of an Integrated Stunting Monitoring System: A 7-Day Intervention Study
Authors: A V Kartika , S Latief , S Darma , A R Bamahry
Published: August 2024

Objectives. Stunting is one of a problem faced in Indonesia. Based on The Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI) in 2022, stunting prevalence in Indonesia reached 21.6%, two percent higher compared to WHO’s requirement. To overcome the problem, our government carried out several stunting management programs. Unfortunately, the results weren’t optimal. Based on this, we propose an integrated stunting monitoring system involving hospitals, educational institutions, government, and food producing business which considered to be able to speed up the treatment of stunting patients. Methods. There were four children aged 2-3 years who were diagnosed with stunting through screening examinations by a paediatrician. The nutrition given to each child is calculated based on the value of daily nutritional needs by a nutritionist. The diets were prepared by a professional chef working at a restaurant. All menus were distributed by the government staff. Evaluation of nutritional intake is carried out every day by a medical student. Changes in body weight were measured using body weight scale on day seven. Data were analysed with paired T-test using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0. Results. The results showed that all respondents' weight increased by up to 150 grams after receiving intervention in the form of measured nutritional intake. During the monitoring period, the child’s eating patterns experienced significant improvements. Children received a more balanced diet with more complete nutrition. Conclusion. This research provides initial evidence that integrated monitoring of the provision of measured nutritional intake is indeed effective. Applying the intervention to a bigger sample with longer observation period will provide stronger evidence for its efficacy and efficiency.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Supplementary Issue 01: 2024 Page: S65
Exploring Undergraduate Perceptions of Internet Service Provider Satisfaction: A Focus on the Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences
Authors: G.T. Weerasingh  , R.M.K.G.U. Rathnayaka
Published: August 2024

This research investigates the determinants of customer satisfaction regarding Internet Service Providers (ISPs) among undergraduates, specifically focusing on the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura. The study encompassed students from the 1st to 4th year, utilizing a self-administered questionnaire in both Sinhala and English languages via Google Forms. Out of 350 randomly selected undergraduates, data was collected to achieve the primary objective of identifying influencing factors. The study was structured around five sub-objectives, which directed its framework. The data collected underwent both qualitative and quantitative analysis, encompassing descriptive analysis, the utilization of the Chi-Square Test, and the application of Logistic Regression. Qualitative insights were drawn from open-ended questionnaire sections, while quantitative data was derived from other questions. Findings indicate that undergraduate satisfaction was significantly impacted by the amalgamation of package offerings, services, and technological fairness. However, variables such as gender, province, academic year, monthly family income, and ISP brand had no significant influence on satisfaction levels. The study underscores the importance of delivering fast, reliable, and cost-effective services while extending Internet access across Sri Lanka. The research recommends comprehensive strategies for enhancing customer satisfaction by ensuring widespread and dependable Internet connectivity.
An Anthropological Study on the Importance of Incest Taboos Associated with Sinhalese Traditional Marriage Customs in Social Control (With special reference to Aruggammana)
Authors: Samarasekara K. M. S. , Weerasooriya K. J. S.
Published: August 2024

Incest taboos are social ethics that create necessary control over sexual relations, marriage, and the family into which we are born. Marriages between brothers and sisters, parallel cousins, two generations, and blood relatives are all considered incest taboos. Sinhalese society has long used norms and values for social control. These incest taboo restrictions, along with family, marriage, and kinship, have played an important role in maintaining social control. The research problem addresses the loss of social control caused by the non-implementation of kinship, marriage rituals, and courtship restrictions in traditional Sinhalese society due to socio-cultural changes such as urbanization, commercialization, modernization, and westernization. The purpose of the research is to study the relationship between kinship restrictions and social control in marriage rituals. In Kegalle District, Galigamuwa Divisional Secretariat Division, No. 62 Aruggammana Gramaseva domain, a sample of 50 households, representing 15% of the 324 household units, was used for the research. As a descriptive study, data was collected through observation and structured interviews using judgment and random sampling. As the concept of kinship gradually disappeared, it was recognized that extended families made up a smaller percentage, 14%. Due to the increase in the number of nuclear families, extended marriages now account for 78%, while monogamous marriages account for 5%. Premarital sex has increased, with 88% of marriages being based on love, compared to the past. Overall, 10% of the area could be identified with incest taboos. Thus, it can be concluded that in order to control society, the personal control exerted by kinship, incest taboos, and marriage rituals must be re-established. To achieve this, programs should be organized to reaffirm the value of kinship relations and social values. Knowledge about the social values related to sexual and marital relations, especially among young children and youth, should be promoted. This can be effectively done in collaboration with schools and religious shrines.