bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Algorithm for calculating the mineralization of river waters and salinity of estuarine waters from conductivity data
Authors: Tishchenko P. Ya. , Stunzhas P. A. , Pavlova G. Yu. , Mikhailik T. A. , Semkin P. Yu. , Chichkin R. V.
Published: September 2019

The empirical relationship between the mineralization of riverine waters and specific conductivity normalized to 15°C was obtained in testing Razdolnaya River water from March 2013 to April 2014. It was shown that the obtained equation made it possible to calculate the water mineralization to a satisfactory accuracy for rivers of calcium -carbonate type using data on the specific conductivity and temperature obtained with a hydrological probe. It was found that the anthropogenic impact of NO3– and NH4+ ions on the composition of riverine water caused no significant error when using the empirical relationship. The data of the experiments showed that the salinity measurements in estuarine waters by conductivity using the oceanographic logarithm could have resulted in great errors depending on mineralization of the riverine water. The algorithm was proposed for including corrections to obtain reliable salinity values in estuarine waters.
Benthic Harpacticoida of the Cara sea: species composition and bathymetric distribution
Authors: Garlitska L. А. , Chertoprud E. S. , Portnova D. A. , Azovsky A. I.
Published: September 2019

Data on benthic harpacticoid copepods from the Voronin Trench (central part of the Kara Sea) are reported for the first time. Harpacticoids accounted for 1–25% of total meiofauna, their abundance varied from 6 to 102 ind/10 cm2 and decreased with depth. Totally, 42 nominal species have been found, 15 species are new for the Kara Sea, and at least eight species are new for science. Several species are first records for the Arctic waters (Cylindronannopus bispinosus, Haloschizopera clotensis, H. bathyalis, Metauntemannia pseudomagniceps, Mesocletdemus duosetosus, M. parabodini, Proameira echinipes, Cletodes tuberculatus). Ameiridae, Argestidae, Pseudotachidiidae, Miraciidae and Ectinosomatidae are the most species-rich families. Joint analysis with data on shallow-water stations (Yenisei Gulf, southern Kara Sea) revealed three assemblages occupying different habitats. The assemblage inhabiting shallow silts (20–62 m in depth) was the poorest one, the shallow sands were more species-rich, while the deepest stations (92–698 m) was the richest one. The latter assemblage had the composition of families typical for the deep-sea areas. The known fauna of the Kara Sea includes 82 harpacticoid species, most of which have been also reported from north Atlantic and/or western Arctic waters.
Lithological and biogeochemical investigations of the North Atlantic sediment system (data from the 49th cruise of the R/V Akademik Ioffe)
Authors: Novichkova E. A. , Savvichev A. S. , Bashirova L. D. , Kozina N. V. , Klyuvitkin A. A. , Politova N. V. , Novigatsky A. N. , Lein A. Yu.
Published: September 2019

Marine sediments and samples of suspended particulate matter from the North Atlantic were studied. It is shown that modern sedimentation in this area is controlled mainly by the efficiency of autochthonous marine phytoplankton and sediment supply by the system of near-bottom currents, as well as by means of the ice-rafting. The studied sediment sections were formed in the North Atlantic during the Middle Pleistocene to Holocene. The highest sedimentation rate, up to 58.3 cm/kyr, is established for AI-3359 core, collected in the area of the Gardar and Björn Drifts. This makes the core very interesting for detailed paleoreconstructions. AI-3378 and AI-3415 cores are characterized by low sedimentation rates. Nevertheless, they are of interest for spatial paleoreconstructions on a continuous timeline. The general pattern is established for the first time for the sediments from the central North Atlantic: biogeochemically significant processes are detected only in the thin surface layer (0–2 cm) and almost completely cease at depths of 90–180 cm. The processes are probably controlled by the position of the sampling stations and the composition of organic matter (OM) but not related to the age of the sedimentary layer. The low microbial activity in the sediments is most likely the result of a lack of OM.
Complex instrumental underwater observations technology development relating to the ecosystems of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Rimsky-Korsakov N. A. , Flint M. V. , Pojarkov S. G. , Anisimov I. M. , Belevitnev Y. I. , Pronin A. A. , Tronza S. N.
Published: September 2019

The article touches upon the methodological problems of underwater investigation of the bottom fauna, plants, micro and meso-relief of the Russian Arctic in connection with the study of regional ecosystems. The methods and technical means of underwater observations used in the Arctic expeditions of the Institute of Oceanology are considered. Technical solutions that increase the effectiveness of sonar and visual inspection of the bottom surface are proposed. The results of experimental studies are given.
'Tobacco Thrives, but the Environment Cries': The Sustainability of Livelihoods from Small-Scale Tobacco Growing in Zimbabwe, 2000-2017
Authors: Nyambara Pius S. , Nyandoro Mark
Published: September 2019

This study analyses the environmental consequences of the introduction in 2000 of the volatile Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) and the sustainability of livelihoods among small-scale African tobacco-farmers following the reform programme. Tobacco was significant in the colonial cash economy and remains a key cash crop in post-colonial Zimbabwe since 1980. Much of the extant tobacco literature focuses on white-settler tobacco farming in colonial and post-colonial Zimbabwe. This study adds to and builds upon an emerging scholarship on African small-scale tobacco producers. Some of the scholars studied the institutional history of tobacco growing and the associated tobacco research and others focused on marketing boards. Geist's work is particularly significant for this study because it examines the environmental impacts of tobacco growing in the developing world. This paper focuses on smallholder flue-cured tobacco growing in Zimbabwe. It observes that the post-independence government made concerted efforts to promote small-scale tobacco-farming through the land resettlement programme and the provision of incentives for increasing agricultural output as well as accelerated black farmers' involvement in the growing of commercial crops, notably tobacco and cotton. The study explores links between the FTLRP and the increase in smallholder tobacco growers and the resulting ecological and livelihood impacts. While tobacco and some tobacco growers appeared to thrive, the environment suffered. Using qualitative and quantitative research approaches and methods like interviews, direct observation, published secondary material, contemporary newspapers and Tobacco Industry and Marketing Board (TIMB) resources, the paper demonstrates that the FTLRP marked the drive to change livelihoods among Zimbabwean farmers.
Conflict, Livelihoods and Survival among Miners and Farmers in Gweru's Greenvale, 2000-2016
Authors: Munhenzva Petronella Munyaradzi , Chimhete Nathaniel , Kufakurinani Ushehwedu
Published: September 2019

The paper analyses the interface of conflict, livelihoods and survival in a peri-urban region where mining and farming core-exist. We use the case study of Greenvale, a peri-urban area in Gweru, a city in the Midlands Region of Zimbabwe. Gweru is the fourth largest city in the country after Mutare, Bulawayo and Harare. We explore how the co-existence of mining and farming generated conflict, which delayed sustainable livelihoods and maximum benefit from the exploitation of the environment through mining and farming. The conflicts, which pitted miners against farmers, farmers against farmers and miners against miners, manifested themselves in physical violence, accusations of thefts and contestations over plots, among others. The conflicts bred uncertainty, distrust and in the process compromised on sustainable investment in the exploitation of the environment, be it through mining or farming.
Sustainable Livelihoods and Artisanal Mining in Marange, Zimbabwe, 2006-16
Authors: Kusena Bernard , Makombe Eric Kushinga
Published: September 2019

The recent discovery of alluvial diamonds in Marange, Zimbabwe, has rekindled the interest of environmental scholars in critiquing the political economy of artisanal mining. The increasing recurrence of this 'illegal' small-scale mining has partly been attributed to its 'lucrative' nature, but more importantly as a safety net to the deepening crises rooted in the country's adverse economic climate in the period under review. The economic structural adjustments during the 1990s, the hefty off-budget gratuities awarded to restive war veterans in 1997, the country's ill-fated intervention in the DRC war in 1988 and the violent land seizures of the early 2000s have contributed to this prolonged setback. This paper first assesses the sustainability of artisanal mining as a livelihood option mostly for the unemployed. It appears that diamond mining produced positive outcomes for some, but by no means all, artisanal miners who accumulated considerable wealth in cattle and real estate. Others failed to break through altogether, suffering heavy losses, including deaths under mining pits. The paper then explores the effects of artisanal mining on the physical environment, including river denudation and soil erosion, deforestation, creation of wastelands and pollution of water bodies. The overriding argument of this study is that artisanal mining has continued to be a sustainable livelihood avenue in spite of its well-known negative impacts. The study is based on semi-structured interviews conducted between 2015 and 2017 with artisanal miners, security personnel, rural district councillors, environmental authorities and former employees of defunct mining firms in Marange. Other sources of data included community-based organisations and civil society groups, as well as newspapers that reported on the unfolding events in Marange at the time.
Italian Environmental Historiography in the New Millennium: Four 'Short Histories'
Authors: Palmieri Walter
Published: September 2019

Between 2004 and 2015, after a decade of research and publications, four books on environmental history were published in Italy. The word 'short' appears in all their titles. Starting from this curious coincidence, this essay analyses, via the use of such books, the way through which the new historical paradigm has been addressed in Italy. It focuses on a wide range of issues, including epistemological definition, historical periodisation, fields of research, and the relationships between environmental history and other areas of history and natural sciences.
Registration of the Estrela × NSFTV199 Rice Recombinant Inbred Line Mapping Population
Authors: Eizenga Georgia C. , Chen Ming‐Hsuan , Jia Melissa H. , Jackson Aaron K. , Edwards Jeremy D.
Published: September 2019

Understanding the genetic variation for yield‐related traits in tropical japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) is extremely important to US rice breeding because most US rice is from this subpopulation. The Estrela × NSFTV199 mapping population (Reg. no. MP‐8, NSL 530337 MAP) was developed from the Rice Diversity Panel 1 accessions Estrela (GSOR 301227), an admixture of japonica, and NSFTV199 (GSOR 301190), a tropical japonica. Both accessions were characterized as phenotypically and genotypically diverse from each other. The population consists of 276 F2:9 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and parents (GSOR 104001 through GSOR 104282), which were genotyped with 65 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 256 RILs genotyped with an additional 69 SSR markers. The population was phenotyped for eight agronomic traits (days to heading, plant height, flag leaf length and width, leaf pubescence, culm habit, awn presence, and seed shattering), six panicle architecture traits (panicle length; number of primary branches, florets, seeds, and sterile florets per panicle; and percentage fertility), and nine grain traits (seed length, width, and length‐to‐width ratio with and without the hull; percentage chalk in brown rice with and without the broken kernels, and 100‐seed weight). Here within we report the evaluation of the population for eight of the traits. Quantitative trait loci associated with 22 of these 23 traits were identified. This population represents a valuable resource for basic genomic studies and applied marker‐assisted breeding efforts.
The FDA’s Message Testing: Putting health literacy advice into practice
Authors: Duckhorn Jodi , Lappin Brian , Weinberg Jessica , Zwanziger Lee L.
Published: September 2019

Acting on health literacy principles in a large agency requires not only knowledge of the research base, but also creative work to implement the concepts in practice. Sound scientific advice needs practical development, shaped for the specific working environment. For example, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) needs to test communications with intended audiences, but must work within constraints including:

Widely varied audiences Significant time pressure Complying with multiple reviews designed to protect potential message testers

Testing messages with the intended audiences is a basic communications responsibility, not just an option. Yet, how to do the testing can be challenging. The FDA’s experience suggests two practical approaches for user testing:

Internal message testing with a network of employee volunteers External message testing with consumer panelists

The report briefly explains how the FDA assesses some public communication internally and externally to attain insights about a target audience or a health message as well as discover how a communication might be modified to improve its usability by an intended audience. The report suggests internal or external message testing is superior to controls (no testing) and such testing can be accomplished by a large governmental agency embedded within a complex regulatory environment.
The Universal Patient Language: A set of resources and tools to design patient communications that support better health literacy
Authors: Bartlett Susan , Dezii Christopher , Sandt Kimberly
Published: September 2019

Recently, pharmaceutical companies have increased their focus on engaging with patients, following trends toward patient centricity and delivering services around individual drugs. Meanwhile, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has released draft guidance on disclosing risk information in consumer-directed materials that recommends against verbatim presentations of the risk-related sections within prescribing information, as this may be of limited value to consumers who lack medical or scientific training.

In this context, Bristol-Myers Squibb set out to build an organizational capability to communicate complex health topics to patients called the Universal Patient LanguageTM, or UPL. In this report, the authors explore health literacy considerations within the pharmaceutical industry; introduce the UPL; explain how human-centered service design methods were deployed to build the UPL; and present two UPL case studies.
The light-controlled actuator driven by the novel opto-electrostatic hybrid driving method based on PLZT ceramic
Authors: Liu Yafeng , Wang Xinjie , Wang Jiong , Chen Hejuan
Published: September 2019

The lanthanum-doped lead zirconate titannate (PLZT) ceramic has shown its potential applications as light-controlled micro actuators activated by ultraviolet light for the photovoltaic effect in the field of micro-driven. Aiming to the slow response of photostriction of PLZT ceramic, the primary purpose of this article is to propose a light-controlled actuator with the novel opto-electrostatic hybrid driving based on PLZT ceramic. The mathematical model of the proposed light-controlled actuator is established on basis of the anomalous photovoltaic effect model of PLZT ceramic. The actuation characteristics of the micro actuator are investigated based on the established mathematical model and the experiments of the photovoltage of PLZT ceramic. Furthermore, the actuation curves of the micro actuator driven by opto-electrostatic hybrid driving based on PLZT ceramic are acquired to verify the rationality and feasibility of the light-controlled micro actuator design. So according to the analysis and experimental results, the light-controlled actuator driven by the novel opto-electrostatic hybrid driving based on PLZT can conduct the effectively and precisely displacement control with fast response speed. In addition, the driving method based on the novel opto-electrostatic hybrid driving has advantages of non-contact control, remote control and no electromagnetic interference, etc.
Special behaviors of two interacting permanent magnets with large different sizes
Authors: Zhang Yuyang , Leng Yonggang
Published: September 2019

Magnets are widely used in many fields, both industry and our daily life, because of their unique properties such as non-contact interactions and electricity generation. However, behaviors of permanent magnets seem to deviate from our basic understanding that opposite poles attract and like poles repel. We have recently discovered an interesting phenomenon in pairs of permanent magnets with large different sizes where the like poles do not seem to repel and the unlike poles do not seem to attract with each other, due to a localized area with reversed pole existing in the large permanent magnet. In this paper, we first experimentally confirm the existence of this particular phenomenon by studying interactions of several groups of permanent magnets with different sizes, then we introduce the property of the irreversible movements of load line and working point of permanent magnet to figure out this transition process from repulsion to attraction between a pair of permanent magnets with large different sizes. A reasonable explanation is finally given. In the end, we suggest a few applications for this special phenomenon.
Tren-Tren Wacana Studi Al-Qur’an dalam Pandangan Orientalis di Barat
Authors: Anshori Muhammad
Published: September 2019

This paper discusses about the history or trend of the Qur’anic studies in the West in general which is still developing until now. There are three focuses of discussion in this paper, namely the history of the translation of the Qur›an, Jewish-Christian Influences on the Qur›an, and a critical study of the Qur›an. Before discussing this matter, this paper also discusses a little about Mushaf ‘Usmānī or what is now called the Qur›an. The beginning of the study of the Qur›an in the West began with translation and later developed into a critical study of the Qur›an itself. The first translation of the Qur’an was carried out by Peter the Venerable and Abbot of Cluny in Latin. This translation was later refined by Robert of Ketton in 1143. After being translated, it was only published for the first time in 1543 AD. After the translation of this translation, it was later followed by other translations in various languages. The study of the Qur’an began to draw attention in the West when Theodor Nӧldeke wrote a book on the history of the Qur’an (Geschichte des Qorāns/Tārīkh al-Qur’ān, The History of The Qur›an). Some Western scholars said that the Qur›an has been influenced by the Judeo-Christian tradition and thus has some similarities. Some Western scholars also conduct critical studies of the Qur’an, some even want to make another version of the Qur’an. The views of Western scholars who are «eccentric» have been denied by Muslim scholars themselves. It can be said that this paper discusses the Orientalist views of the Qur›an.
Penerapan Hukum Allah : Studi Pribumisasi HAMKA terhadap QS. Al-Ma>’idah: 44, 45, dan 47 dalam Tafsir Al-Azhar
Authors: Munawir Munawir
Published: September 2019

Penerapan hukum-hukum Allah adalah dua satu isu problematik dalam konteks hubungan antar agama dan negara bagi umat Islam Indonesia. Letak problematiknya adalah, agama (tekstualitas Al-Qur’an) menyeru umatnya untuk berhukum dengan hukum Allah, akan tetapi negara (sekalipun mayoritas penduduknya beragama Islam) dalam perundangannya justru tidak menggunakan hukum (Syari’at) Islam, melainkan UUD 1945. Bagaimanakah HAMKA -sebagai seorang muslim Indonesia- merespon dan menjawab problematika tersebut? Melalui telaah penafsirannya terhadap ayat-ayat penerapan hukum Allah dalam Tafsir al-Azhar, diperoleh jawaban bahwa umat Islam memang, semuanya wajib menerapkan hukum Allah, akan tetapi Indonesia (negara bangsa) adalah bentuk terbaik untuk umat Islam Indonesia. Negara ini menjamin setiap warganya bebas melaksanakan ajaran agama dan kepercayaannya masing-masing, prinsip ini tidak bertentangan dengan spirit hukum Islam ‘mendatangkan manfaat dan menolak bahaya’. Dengan ini umat Islam bisa menjadi muslim yang baik, sekaligus menjadi warga negara yang baik pula.
Pandangan Abdullah Saeed Pada Konsep Nasikh Mansukh
Authors: Kholily Aavi Lailaa
Published: September 2019

Teori nasikh mansukh dari masa klasik hingga sekarang masih menjadi perdebatan antara ulama’ terkait kesepakatan dan penolakan. Dan di antara ulama’ yang sepakat adanya konsep nasikh mansukh dalam Alquran pun masing-masing memiliki kreteria sendiri-sendiri dalam menentukan konsep nasikh. Salah satu di antara ulama’ yang sepakat adalah Abdullah Saeed, beliau seorang mufasir kontemporer yang menawarkan metode baru dalam menafsirkan Alquran yakni metode kontekstualis sehingga pada makalah ini peneliti tertarik mengkaji konsep nasikh mansukh menurut Saeed, alasan Saeed sepakat dengan adanya konsep nasikh mansukh dan relavansi nasikh mansukh menurut Saeed dalam menafsiri dan memahami teks-teks Alquran. Hasil dari kajian ini, peneliti menemukan beberapa hal, yakni: konsep nasikh menurut Saeed adalah pencabutan hukum dengan hukum yang datang setelanya, alasan Saeed setuju dengan adanya nasikh mansukh dalam Alquran adalah sebagai bentuk kemudahan yang Allah berikan kepada umat sesuai dengan kondisi dan situasi kebutuhan umat, kemudian untuk relevansi nasikh menurut Saeed dalam menjadi pijakan untuk menafsiri ulang Alquran yang sudah tidak relevan agar bisa memenuhi kebutuhan umat yang sesuai dengan kondisi dan situasi.
Mitologi Naskh Intra Quranic (Studi Atas Q.S. Al-Baqarah Ayat 106 Aplikasi Teori Semiologi Roland Barthes)
Authors: Iman Fuji Nur
Published: September 2019

Tulisan ini mencoba mengurai polemik tentang naskh dalam Alquran atau naskh intra Quranic. Dengan mengikuti cara baca yang ditawarkan Roland Barthes yakni melalui pembacaan atas sistem linguistik dan mitologi dapat dikatakan bahwa pada tataran sistem linguistik penanda atas term naskh adalah pembatalan dengan menandai adanya mansukh dan menjadi tanda akan adanya sesuatu yang baru yang lebih baik. Sementara pada tataran sistem mitologi dengan tanda pada sistem linguistik sebabgai penanda menandai tidak adanya ayat yang bertentang antara satu dengan yang lain dalam Alquran. Dalam pada itu term naskh pada tataran sistem mitologi menjadi tanda bahwa Alquran adalah kitab shalih li kulli zaman wa makan. Adapun sebagai tipe wicaranya dengan meniscayakan bahwa terdapat relasi antara wahyu konteks sosio-historis masyarakat arab pada saat itu.
Studi Tafsir Nusantara: Kajian Kitab Tafsir AG. H. ABD. Muin Yusuf (Tafsere Akorang Ma’basa Ugi) (tpeeser akor mbs agui)
Authors: Awwaliyah Neny Muthi’atul , Hamid Idham
Published: September 2019

Kitab tafsir (Tafsere Akorang Ma’basa Ugi) merupakan kitab tafsir generasi kedua yang sebelumnya telah dipelopori oleh AG. Daud Ismail dengan kitab tafsirnya al-Munir. Karya ini merupakan kitab tafsir edisi kedua yang mampu melengkapi 30 juz  dengan jumlah 11 jilid. Sedangkan bahasa yang digunakan ketika menafsirkan ayat al-Qur’an adalah huruf aksara Lontara’ Bugis yang merupakan bahasa Ibu dari suku Bugis-Makassar yang terdapat di wilayah Sulawesi Selatan. Umumnya metode yang digunakan dalam tafsir ini menggunakan metode tahlili. Kendati demikian, rasa ijmali juga menghiasi dalam sistematika pembahasan ayat. Pada awalnya, tafsir ini lahir dari proyek Muin Yusuf yang ketika itu menjabat sebagai ketua MUI Selawesi Selatan. Tafsir ini kemudian hadir di tengah-tengah masyarakat Bugis, sebagai alat komunikasi masyarakat awam sehingga mampu memahami kandungan al-Qur’an melalui penafsiran ayat al-Qur’an dengan aksara lontara Bugis sekaligus sebagai cerminan upaya vernakularisasi al-Qur’an dan bahasa Ibu.
THE ROLE OF SERUM UREA, CREATININE, URIC ACID IN DIAGNOSIS OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA AND ECLAMPSIA
Authors: Ambad Dr. Ranjit S. , Dhok Dr. Archana
Published: September 2019

Eclampsia is a serious medical condition that affects women during pregnancy. Symptoms of eclampsia appear in pregnancy as a condition known as pre-eclampsia, (condition follows a high blood pressure) , the condition can go undetected until it develops into eclampsia. This can create additional complications during pregnancy. Each case of eclampsia is unique, and the pregnant woman may share few or no characteristics with other women who develop the condition. Pregnancy histories, Patient age, Family history, Obesity, High blood pressure are major high risk factors for preeclampsia and eclampsia will vary from patient to patient.

Aims and Objectives of Study: To detect the level of urea, creatinine and uric acid in the diagnosis of preeclampsia and eclampsia.

Material and Method: Total 100 subjects were selected for study. Out of 40 were normal pregnant womens, 30 were suffered from preeclampsia and 30 were suffered eclampsia. Blood sample were collected in plane test tube for assay of urea, creatinine and uric acid.

Results of Study: The concentration of urea, creatinine and uric acid is significantly increased found in eclampsia compare to normal subjects. The level of serum urea and serum creatinine increased but insignificant in pre-eclampsia (40.08 ± 9.20 ; 0.78 ± 0.32) compare to normal group (30.47 ± 6.18 ; 0.58 ± 0.14). The level of uric acid was significantly increased found in pre-eclampsia subject (6.42 ± 1.42) than normal pregnant woman (4.82 ± 0.86) (p >0.0001).

Conclusion: On the basis of study findings we, concluded that the increased levels of serum uric acid, serum creatinine and serum urea are better diagnostic and predictive marker for PE and eclampsia and immediate medical attention required for preeclampsia and eclampsia. With the help of these parameters most cases are detected early in the pregnancy before they can progress to eclampsia. While there is no cure for preeclampsia, doctors will often prescribe medications to lower blood pressure or anticonvulsant medications to prevent seizures.

Keywords: PE, ECLAMPSIA, UREA, URIC ACID, CREATININE
刍议高中计算机教学中学生创新能力的培养
Authors: 岳 占峰
Published: September 2019

随着计算机技术的日益成熟和广泛应用,计算机技术对日常生产和生活的影响越来越大,人们需要了解和掌握某些计算机技术。计算机教学是高中教育的重要课题之一。随着素质教育的实施,高中计算机教学不再局限于计算机知识与技术的教学,培养学生的创新能力更为重要。为此,我们必须要改进高中计算机教学,促进高中计算机教学水平的提高,以便更好地培养学生的创新能力。
浅谈如何利用自然拼读法提高单词记忆效率
Authors: 胡 心婷
Published: September 2019

背诵英文单词,是学习英语的基础。但对于很多同学而言,记忆单词却成为了横亘在英语学习上的一座大山,背了便忘,犹如患上失忆症。其实,单词记忆效率是很多因素共同作用的结果,包括自然拼读法,音标,词根词缀联想记忆法等。除此以外,还要考虑艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线。本文讨论如何利用自然拼读法提高单词记忆效率。
基于语料库数据驱动的汉语同义词教学实验研究
Authors: 刘 蓉
Published: September 2019

本文采用实验研究的方法来对比数据驱动学习模式与传统教学模式在对外汉语同义词教学中的有效性。从实验结果来看,数据驱动学习模式与传统同义词教学在教学效果上没有明显的差异,但是数据驱动学习模式在促进教学效果保持上显著优于传统的同义词教学。
应用型本科高校会计专业人才培养模式构建研究——基于“1+x证书”视角
Authors: 苏 丽娟
Published: September 2019

《国家职业教育改革实施方案》提出了应用型本科高校启动“学历证书+若干职业技能等级证书”制度,此制度给各应用型本科高校指明了会计人才培养的方向。文章论述应用型本科高校以人才市场需求确定会计专业培养目标,为了合理设置课程体系,将人才市场认可的、权威的技能认证课程纳入到应用型本科高校会计专业的培养方案,提出学历+技能型的“1+X”应用型人才培养新模式,并根据应用型本科高校和会计专业具体情况,给出有效提高人才培养质量的建设措施,确保该人才培养新模式能够顺利实施。
“佛系青年”的成因与教育引导策略——以大学生为考察对象
Authors: 汪 钏
Published: September 2019

“佛系”一词在网络上迅速走红,许多高校大学生还以“佛系青年”自居。“佛系青年”看似无欲无求,但这只是表象,是他们对残酷现实的逃避和对社会压力的消极抵抗。“佛系青年”是由社会转型和变革、宽松优渥的成长环境、后现代主义思潮的影响和理想信念缺失等多方面原因造成的,高校应通过加强社会主义核心价值观教育、理想信念教育和挫折教育对大学生进行积极引导,助其成功成才。
理工科大学生创新创业意向与实践调查研究
Authors: 李 霞
Published: September 2019

21世纪是知识经济的时代,也是创新和创业的时代。大学生的创业意识是创业的前提和基础,体现在创业的各个环节。就业乃民生之本,是大学生走向社会的必由之路,是大学生进一步发展的前提和基础。通过对天津市五所理工科高校的1000人的问卷调查分析理工科大学生创业素质及其培养中存在的问题并得出结论,从政府,高校和大学生个人提出相应对策,唤醒大学生的创新创业意识,实现自身价值。
Operating Experience for Valves at the Nuclear Power Plants of Ukraine and the European Union
Authors: Serafyn Roman , Ligotskyy Oleksiy , Nedbay Svitlana , Pecherytsia Oleksandr , Khalenko Roman , Kurman Oleksandr
Published: September 2019

The paper presents information on the results of analyzing operational events at nuclear power plants (NPP) of Ukraine and the European Union that were caused or related to the failures of valves. The first part of the paper provides a brief overview of the European Clearinghouse on Operational Feedback for Nuclear Power Plants study on operational events with failure of the valves important to NPP safety. The abovementioned study considered events for the period from 1997 to 2016, which were taken from the IAEA database, databases of technical support organizations of France and Germany, as well as those provided by the Swiss and Spanish regulatory authorities. The main results of the study were presented in the paper, and the main causes of operational events caused by valve failures were observed. In addition, technical areas that required the development of recommendations were indicated. The paper includes a statistical assessment and a detailed analysis of the root causes of operational events at Ukrainian NPPs caused by or related to the failure of valves of all types, regardless of the effect on safety, for the period from 1998 to 2018. The approach for the analysis of operational events at Ukrainian NPPs is similar to that used in the above-mentioned study. Within the framework of the statistical analysis, the distribution of operational events at Ukrainian NPPs related to the failure of valves by years, nuclear power plants and systems was presented. The results of the analysis of the root causes of valve failures was presented within three groups referring to equipment, documentation, personnel and management system. In the final part of the paper, a comparative analysis of the contribution of the root causes obtained from the results of both studies was carried out, and the general lessons and specific recommendations for further consideration during the oversight activity are presented.
Effect of Firm Characteristic to Profitability in PT Indofood Cbp, Sukses Makmur Tbk and PT Mayora Indah Tbk
Authors: Daryanto Wiwiek Mardawiyah , Kartiningsih Donna , Lestari Eka
Published: September 2019

This research is aims to examine, analyze, and find the empirical evidence of the influence of firm characteristic proxied by firm age, firm size, sales growth, liquidity, and leverage on profitability proxied by return on sales in PT Indofood CBP, Sukses Makmur Tbk, and PT Mayora Indah Tbk. The study using employed multiple regression as tool for the analysis. The results of this study show that firm age, liquidity, and leverage have significant effect on profitability. However, the firm size and sales growth has no effect on profitability.
The Impact of Bailout on Financial Performance And Bank Risk-Taking During Financial Crisis: A Critical Systematic Review
Authors: Nurfadilah Dety
Published: September 2019

The focus on the bank bailout has been increased since the global financial crisis in 2008 in most countries. However, previous studies often discover the relationship between bailout and corporate governance. In this study, bank bailout literature will be reviewed with the focus on the impact of bailout on bank financial performance and bank risk-taking during the financial crisis. Multi-step strategy is used to collect the data from 2000 to 2016. From the 7 papers were chosen based on the criteria. This systematic review has shown that the bank bailout has a positive impact on financial performance, however, it has a negative impact on bank risk-taking for a longer period.
PENGARUH PADAT PENEBARAN YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP DAN PERTUMBUHAN LARVA IKAN BAUNG (Mystus numerus)
Authors: Sugihartono M , Ghofur Muarofah , . Satrio
Published: September 2019

AbstractBaung fish is an endogenous fish of Indonesia. This is a fresh water fish. One of those effort to anticipate the decrease of the aquaculture product itself is  to develop the aquaculture sustainability. The problem of hatching baung fish larvae are the low survival rate and the growth of larvae in high density farmed. Therefore, it needs a study about stock density of baung fish baung fish juvenile.  This study used Random Design analysis with different treatment of stocking density, they were 10 fishes/L (treatment A), 15 fishes/L (Treatment B), 20 fishes/L (Treatment C), and 25 fishes/L (Treatment D). The result showed that the different stocking density was affected the survival rate and the growth of Baung fish.  Keywords : Baung Fish, Stocking density, Survival rate, Growth. AbstrakIkan baung (Mystus numerus) adalah ikan asli Indonesia. Ikan ini banyak hidup di air tawar. Salah satu upaya pengembangan usaha perikanan dalam mengantisipasi penurunan hasil tangkapan dari perairan umum adalah melakukan pengembangan usaha budidaya perikanan secara berkesinambungan. Salah satu kendala dalam pembenihan ikan baung adalah rendahnya tingkat kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan larva pada pemeliharaan dengan padat tebar yang tinggi dalam wadah terkontrol. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan penelitian tentang padat tebar pemeliharaan benih ikan baung. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan padat penebaran yang berbeda yaitu 10 ekor/Liter air (Perlakuan A) , 15 ekor/liter air (Perlakuan B), 20 ekor/liter air (Peerlakuan C) dan 25 ekor/liter air (Perlakuan D). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa padat penebaran yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan benih ikan baung. Kata kunci : Ikan Baung, padat penebaran
METODE PENENTUAN PLOIDI PADA IKAN NILA OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS MENGGUNAKAN KOMBINASI SEBARAN KROMOSOM DAN NUKLEOLI SECARA BERSAMAAN
Authors: Mukti Akhmad Taufiq
Published: September 2019

AbstractPloidy determination in fish was need the accurate, simple and rapid method. This research was aimed to develop ploidy determination method in Nile tilapia use combination of chromosome and nucleoli spreads simultaneously. Ten fish of 30-day-old Nile tilapias were used in this research. Solid tissues for preparation were collected on the caudal fin of the fish. The result showed that chromosome and nucleoli spreads simultaneously were easily observed in same preparate. Ploidy determination in Nile tilapia can done very accurate and fast use combination of chromosome and nucleoli spreads simultaneously as indicators to ploidy level determination in fish. Keywords: chromosome spread, nucleoli spread, simultaneously, ploidy level, tilapia AbstrakPenentuan ploidi pada ikan diperlukan metode yang akurat, mudah dan cepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan metode penentuan ploidi pada ikan nila menggunakan kombinasi sebaran kromosom dan nukleoli secara bersamaan. Sebanyak sepuluh ekor ikan nila umur 30 hari digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Jaringan padat untuk preparasi dikoleksi untuk preparasi adalah sirip ekor ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebaran kromosom dan nukleoli secara bersamaan mudah diamati pada preparat yang sama. Penentuan ploidi pada ikan nila dapat dilakukan secara lebih akurat dan cepat menggunakan kombinasi sebaran kromosom dan nukleoli secara bersamaan sebagai indikator penentu tingkat ploidi pada ikan.Kata kunci: sebaran kromosom, sebaran nukleoli, secara bersamaan, penentuan ploidi, ikan nila
KINERJA PRODUKSI IKAN BOTIA (Chromobotia macracanthus) PADAT TEBAR TINGGI DENGAN SISTEM RESIRKULASI
Authors: Ghofur Muarofah , Harianto Eko
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTCultivation technology and systems development   especially on the breedstock phase with a focus of study is the density of the initial activities in determining the degree of success of the cultivation. This research aims to determine the performance of fish production botia (c. Macracanthus Bleeker) with dense stocking 2 e/L, 3 L, and e/e/4 L on recirculation systems as a basis for increased productivity of biomass. Long-term goals to be achieved the creation of a technologypackage pendederan botia fish skalla bulk production to support  the fish are botia Jambi. Maintenance carried out for 3 months with a target size of botia fish scale market. Cultivation of technical indicators that measure in  among others,the degree of viability (DKH), specific growth rate (LPS),  feed conversion (KP), keefesien the diversity of weights (KK) and water quality. The results showed that the degree of viability (DKH) best of 91.67% (treatment A), specific growth rate (LPS) of 9.75 (treatment B),the value of the feed conversion (KP) in A treatment of 1.3 and koefesien diversity of  weights  (KK) highest of 112.67 treatment b. While for water quality data are all in the normal range, the temperature is 28oC, d.o. 5.5 – 7.5 mg/L, CO2 0.5423 – 0.7657 mg NH3/L, 0.0011 – 0.0019 mg/L, and a pH range from 6.68 – 7.89.Keyword: Fish Are Botia, Dense Stocking, Production, Recirculation ABSTRAK Pengembangan sistem dan teknologi budidaya terutama pada fase pendederan dengan fokus kajian kepadatan merupakan kegiatan awal dalam menentukan tingkat keberhasilan budidaya.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetukan kinerja produksi ikan botia  (C. Macracanthus Bleeker) dengan padat tebar 2 e/L,  3 e/L, dan 4 e/L pada sistem resirkulasi sebagai dasar peningkatan produktivitas biomassa. Tujuan jangka panjang yang ingin dicapai terciptanya paket teknologi pendederan ikan botia skalla massal untuk mendukung produksi ikan botia Jambi. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 3 bulan dengan target ukuran ikan botia skala pasar. Indikator teknis budidaya yang di ukur antara lain, derajat kelangsungan hidup (DKH), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (LPS), konversi pakan (KP), keefesien keragaman bobot (KK) dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa derajat kelangsungan hidup (DKH) terbaik sebesar 91.67% (perlakuan A), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (LPS) sebesar 9,75 (perlakuan B), nilai konversi pakan (KP) terbaik pada perlakuan A sebesar 1,3 dan koefesien keragaman bobot (KK)  tertinggi sebesar 112,67 pada perlakuan B. Sedangkan untuk data kualitas air semuanya dalam kisaran normal, suhu 28oC, DO 5,5 – 7,5 mg/L, CO2 0,5423 – 0,7657 mg/L, NH3 0,0011 – 0,0019 mg/L, dan pH berkisar 6,68 – 7,89.   Keyword         :  Ikan Botia, Padat Tebar, Produksi, Resirkulasi
PENYERAPAN SENYAWA MERKURI (Hg) DI KARAMBA JARING APUNG OLEH TANAMAN AZOLLA DENGAN KEPADATAN BERBEDA
Authors: Arifin M Yusuf , Goang Misryadi Akbar
Published: September 2019

Potential content of Hg content in waters has exceeded the standard quality standard that can thwart the fish farming activities. For further research of Hg analysis on water and meat of catfish at KJA Danau Sipin in 2016, research with model looking for solution to solve contamination of mercury (Hg) content in water and catfish meat (Pangasionodon hypopthalmus) with technical use of azolla (azolla microphilla) as phytoremediation to decrease Hg of water to prevent Hg from entering fish body. The research activities will be conducted month (July - September 2017) covering the preparation, implementation of research, and data analysis. Research conducted around KJA fish cultivation in the waters of Sipin Lake Jambi. The design of this research is Completely Randomized Design with azolla density level as treatment. The results of the analysis and observation show that the azolla density gives no significant effect on the content of mercury (Hg) in water, fish meat and Azolla plant. The higher the density of the azolla plant will be the higher the mercury absorbed and further impact on the decrease of Hg levels in the water. Keyword : Absorption, Mercury, Azolla, KJA ABSTRAKPotensi kandungan kandungan Hg pada perairan telah melebihi dari standar baku mutu yang dapat menggagalkan kegiatan budidaya ikan. Untuk penelitian lanjutan dari analisis Hg pada air dan daging ikan patin di KJA Danau Sipin tahun 2016, dilakukan penelitian dengan model  mencari solusi mengatasi pencemaran kandungan merkuri (Hg) pada air dan daging ikan patin (Pangasionodon hypopthalmus) dengan teknis pemanfaatan  azolla (azolla microphilla) sebagai  fitoremediasi untuk penurunan Hg air guna mencegah Hg masuk kedalam tubuh ikan. Kegiatan penelitian akan dilaksanakan bulan (Juli - September 2017) yang meliputi persiapan, pelaksanaan penelitian, dan analisis data. Penelitian dilaksanakan disekitar KJA budidaya ikan  di perairan danau Sipin Kota Jambi. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan tingkat kepadatan azolla sebagai perlakuan. Hasil analisis dan pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan azolla memberikan pengaruh berbeda tidak nyata tehadap kandungan merkuri (Hg) didalam air, daging ikan dan tumbuhan Azolla. Semakin tinggi tingkat kepadatan tanaman azolla akan semakin tinggi merkuri yang diserap dan selanjutnya berdampak terhadap penurunan kadar Hg didalam air. Keyword :  Penyerapan, Merkuri, Azolla, KJA
Hubungan Konsetrasi NO2 Udara Ambien Terhadap Konsentrasi NO2 Udara Dalam Ruang Di Lampu Merah Simpang Jelutung Kota Jambi
Authors: Herawati Peppy , Riyanti Anggrika , Pratiwi Ageng
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTTtransportation is one of the factors that have a major influence in air quality decline. Air pollution is not only happening outside the room and will mobilization activities of motor vehicles, but it can affect air quality in space. One of the pollutant gas produced from vehicles is the concentration of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2). This allows an exposure that will impact on public health. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of NO2 air ambient concentration (outdoor) to indoor air (indoor) in Simpang Jelutung Red Lights area. The method used in this study is quantitatif method. Data collection using sampling NO2 concentration in outdoor and indoor. The relationship between outdoor and indoor NO2 concentrations was analyzed using Pearson correlation. This is in line with the small influence of air NO2 concentration in space on public health. Result shows that all of the sample is still categorized either or not passing the air quality standard (150 μg / m3) in Government Regulation Number 41 Year 1999. The correlation analysis result  show relationship NO2 concentration between ambient air (outdoor) to indoor air was 13%, which means that correlation relationship is very weak.  Keywords:     Ambient air, indoor air, NO2 concentration
Analisis Minyak Jelantah Sebagai Bahan Bakar Biodiesel dengan Proses Transesterifikasi
Authors: Hadrah Hadrah , Kasman Monik , Sari Fitria Mayang
Published: September 2019

Waste cooking oil is used oil that has been used for domestic purposes and has undergone changes, both physically and chemically. One effort that can be done to reduce the adverse effects of used cooking oil is changed the material used cooking oil into biodiesel. In this study of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil is done by using biodiesel transesterification reaction as generally through a pretreatment in order to reduce the number of Free Fatty Acid in cooking oil. The high number of Free Fatty Acid will complicate the separation of glycerol from biodiesel so that production of biodiesel will be slight. Test parameters of biodiesel quality produced by  transesterification process refers to the Indonesian biodiesel quality standard ISO 7182: 2015. The production of biodiesel from used cooking oil in this experiment using variations methanol and sodium hydroxide solution ratio to the used cooking oil is 1: 2; 1: 4 and 1: 8. Test results showed that the quality of biodiesel is in compliance with ISO 7182: 2015 on the parameters of viscosity, density and flame test. While the Free Fatty Acids remained above the quality standard ISO 7182: 2015.Keywords :    Waste cooking oil, Transesterification, Biodiesel
Hubungan Faktor Lingkungan Fisik dan Sosial Ekonomi Keluarga Terhadap Kejadian Pneumonia Pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tahtul Yaman Kota Jambi
Authors: Suryati Suryati , Natasha Nyimas , Id'ys Nur
Published: September 2019

Pneumonia in children including one cause of death in the world that is around 20 percent, or about 1.5 million children under five die each year from the disease. Each year there are an estimated 11-20 million children in the world were hospitalized because of pneumonia. In Indonesia, pneumonia is the leading cause of death of 13.2 percent of children under five and 12.7 percent the cause of death of children. The purpose of this study to determine the relationship between the physical environment and socio-economic families with the incidence of pneumonia in children under five in Public Health Center Tahtul Yaman Jambi City period 2015. This study is a case-control study. Retrieved 35 mothers who have children suffering from pneumonia as a case (case) and 35 mothers who have children do not suffer from pneumonia as control (control) so that the total sample of 70 respondents. The research took place in November 2016. Data was analyzed by univariate and bivariate statistical test Chi Square. Results of univariate analysis showed that patients with pneumonia mostly toddlers aged 12-23 as much as 57.1%, and pneumonia mostly male sex as much as 74.3%. The physical environment pneumonia generally unfavorable 68.6%, and a good physical environment 31.4%, the results of socioeconomic level are generally relatively high 54.3%. There is a relationship between physical environmental factors in infants, with a p-value = 0.017 and OR = 3.692 and socio-economic factors with p-value = 0.009 and OR = 5.053 with pneumonia. There is a relationship between physical environmental factors and socioeconomic families with the incidence of pneumonia in infants.
Perencanaan Pengelolaan Sampah Pasar Pelita SK 17 Desa Bangun Karya Kecamatan Rantau Rasau Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur
Authors: Putra Jonyyus Adi , Saragih Guntar Marolop , Marhadi Marhadi
Published: September 2019

Management is a systematic, thorough and continuous activity which includes the reduction and handling of a substance or an object. Garbage is a remnant of human daily activities or natural processes shaped solid. This research is a research that aims to calculate waste generation and plan waste management in the SK17 lamp market planned for the next 10 years. The population in this study is all traders and settlements that exist in the market of Lamp SK 17 Bangun Karya Village, while the sample is the pedangang and the community around the market. Garbage generation for traders is 11, 875 liter / lapak / hari, shop 2,578 ltr / org / hari, settlement 0,969 ltr / org / hari. The volume of waste for 2016-2026 projected pedestrian street 926.25 ltr / day, store 959,016 ltr / day, settlement 2273,274 ltr / day. For Pelita SK 2015-2026 waste market planning requires 50 liters of organic reserves of 26 units for traders, 20 liters 93 units for settlements and 31 units for shops. Inorganic garbage collection is 26 units for traders stalls, 31 units for shops and 93 units for settlements each measuring 20 liters. Wastewater residual waste measuring 20 liters for traders' shanties amounted to 26 units, shops 31 units and settlements 93 units. Garbage B3 / B2 found only in the source of waste settlements, for waste b3 waste / B2 using bins measuring 20 liters amounted to 93 units.