bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Al-Ghazali on Taqlid, Ijtihad, and Forming Beliefs
Authors: Alhayyani Mesfer
Published: January 2025

Medieval philosophy has often been stereotypically characterized as rigidly reliant on authority and lacking originality. However, the present research challenges this perception by unveiling the lively debates among medieval philosophers in the Islamic World regarding the autonomy of thought for both esteemed scholars and everyday individuals. Rather than passively accepting authoritative doctrines, these philosophers contemplated the extent to which independent reflection should play a role. Surprisingly, their reflections resonate in the contemporary world as we grapple with parallel questions about the balance between authority and individual inquiry in our society. The first part of the paper introduces a timeless challenge faced by medieval Islamic philosophers: the formation of beliefs. This predicament persists today – how much should we rely on authority without critical examination, and when should we subject our beliefs to scrutiny? The paper introduces an Islamic classical tradition followed by Muslim jurists, theologians, and philosophers: the nuanced distinction between Taqlid (following authority) and Ijtihad (independent reasoning) to address this. The perspective of Al-Ghazali, a prominent representative of this tradition, is thoroughly examined, highlighting its contributions and challenges. In its methodological approach, this paper rigorously analyzes primary and secondary sources relevant to Al-Ghazali’s views in Arabic and English. This comprehensive analysis aims to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the intricate interplay between authority and independent reasoning in the context of medieval Islamic philosophy.
Μέτρηση της αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας των διευθυντών/ντριών στη συμπεριληπτική ηγεσία
Authors: Τσιολπίδου Ξανθούλα , Κουτούζης Εμμανουήλ
Published: January 2025

Η Ηγεσία για τη Συμπερίληψη στα Σχολεία προτείνεται ως μία εναλλακτική προσέγγιση στην εκπαιδευτική ηγεσία που συνδυάζει μετασχηματιστικές, παιδαγωγικές και συνεργατικές πρακτικές και επιδιώκει τη δημιουργία σχολείων ικανών που θα παρέχουν υψηλής ποιότητας εκπαίδευση σε όλους αδιακρίτως τους μαθητές. Οι πεποιθήσεις αποτελεσματικότητας των Διευθυντών/ντριών να εφαρμόσουν πρακτικές συμπεριληπτικής ηγεσίας θα καθορίσει, σύμφωνα με την κοινωνιογνωστική θεωρία, τη στάση, την επιμονή και την προσήλωσή τους στον στόχο της Συμπερίληψης. Στο άρθρο που ακολουθεί παρουσιάζεται η διαδικασία για την ανάπτυξη ενός κατάλληλου ερευνητικού εργαλείου για τη μέτρηση των πεποιθήσεων αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας των Διευθυντών στην Ηγεσία για τη Συμπερίληψη στα Σχολεία. Ο σχεδιασμός, η κατασκευή και ο έλεγχός του πραγματοποιήθηκαν σύμφωνα με τη μεθοδολογία De Vellis. Δοκιμάστηκε σε 392 διευθυντές/ντριες σχολείων 22 διαφορετικών Διευθύνσεων της Πρωτοβάθμιας Εκπαίδευσης της χώρας. Οι αναλύσεις ανέδειξαν τρεις (3) παράγοντες, με συνολικά 20 δηλώσεις που ερμήνευαν ποσοστό 64,83% της συνολικής διακύμανσης. Ο συνολικός συντελεστής αξιοπιστίας Cronbach α προέκυψε υψηλός (=0,95) όπως και οι επιμέρους. Ο έλεγχος για τη συντρέχουσα εγκυρότητα έδειξε μέτρια θετική, στατιστικά σημαντική, συσχέτιση (r>0,5, p<0,001) της αντιληπτής Αυτοαποτελεσματικότητας στην Ηγεσία για τη Συμπερίληψη στα Σχολεία με τη Στάση των Διευθυντών/ντριών απέναντι στη Συμπερίληψη για όλους και την Επαγγελματική τους Δέσμευση).  Περαιτέρω μελέτες μπορούν να επιβεβαιώσουν τη δομή και τη χρησιμότητά της.
Ομαλή μετάβαση από το νηπιαγωγείο στο δημοτικό Σχολείο: Αντιλήψεις γονέων, νηπιαγωγών και δασκάλων
Authors: Δημοσθενίδης Δημήτριος , Πεντέρη Ευθυμία
Published: January 2025

Η μετάβαση των μαθητών και μαθητριών από το νηπιαγωγείο στο δημοτικό σχολείο αποτελεί μία σύνθετη διεργασία, στην οποία εμπλέκονται οι παράγοντες που βρίσκονται στο περιβάλλον του παιδιού και συντελείται σε ένα ευρύ χρονικό διάστημα, που περιλαμβάνει τη φοίτηση στο νηπιαγωγείο, έως και τις πρώτες τάξεις του δημοτικού, εφόσον το παιδί αρχίζει να αντιλαμβάνεται την επερχόμενη αλλαγή. Η ομαλή προσαρμογή του παιδιού στο νέο περιβάλλον εξαρτάται από την ετοιμότητα των εμπλεκόμενων πλαισίων να υποστηρίξουν τη μετάβαση και τη μεταξύ τους συνεργασία. Σκοπός της έρευνας είναι η διερεύνηση των αντιλήψεων γονέων, νηπιαγωγών και δασκάλων σχετικά με την έννοια της ομαλής μετάβασης από το νηπιαγωγείο στο δημοτικό Σχολείο. Το δείγμα της ποιοτικής έρευνας αποτελούνταν από 20 άτομα, 10 γονείς, 5 νηπιαγωγούς και 5 δασκάλες. Επιλέχθηκε η ημιδομημένη συνέντευξη και η θεματική ανάλυση περιεχομένου. Τα αποτελέσματα ανέδειξαν τη σημασία της συνεργασίας μεταξύ γονέων – εκπαιδευτικών για την προαγωγή της ομαλής προσαρμογής των παιδιών. Φαίνεται πώς οι γονείς δεν εμπλέκονται ενεργά σε δραστηριότητες του σχολείου σχετικές με τη μετάβαση. Δάσκαλοι και νηπιαγωγοί αναγνωρίζουν ότι θα μπορούσαν να υλοποιηθούν περισσότερες δράσεις. Περαιτέρω έρευνα με το συνδυασμό ποσοτικών και ποιοτικών μεθόδων μέτρησης κρίνεται ως απαραίτητη για τη διερεύνηση του ζητήματος της μετάβασης.
Διαπολιτισμικές προσεγγίσεις και ευπαθείς κοινωνικά ομάδες: Προγράμματα συμπερίληψης και καλές πρακτικές στην εκπαίδευση των παιδιών Ρομά
Authors: Καλογερογιάννη Φωτεινή
Published: January 2025

Στο παρόν άρθρο γίνεται μια προσπάθεια να προσδιοριστούν οι ευπαθείς κοινωνικά ομάδες που αποτελούν σημείο αναφοράς της διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης ως προς τον σχεδιασμό και την ανάπτυξη προγραμμάτων τα οποία στοχεύουν στη συμπερίληψη των μαθητών/τριών στο σύγχρονο ελληνικό σχολείο. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό παρουσιάζονται τα ερευνητικά-εκπαιδευτικά αυτά προγράμματα τα οποία έχουν υλοποιηθεί τα τελευταία 25 χρόνια και αφορούν είτε μαθητές/τριες με μεταναστευτικό υπόβαθρο, είτε μαθητές/τριες που ανήκουν στη μουσουλμανική μειονότητα της Θράκης, είτε μαθητές/τριες Ρομά, με απώτερο σκοπό την πολυ-επίπεδη υποστήριξη της φοίτησής τους στο σχολείο και την αντιμετώπιση του εκπαιδευτικού και κοινωνικού αποκλεισμού που συχνά βιώνουν. Ωστόσο, εστιάζουμε στη μελέτη περίπτωσης του πιο πρόσφατου προγράμματος για τη συμπερίληψη των παιδιών Ρομά στην Κεντρική και Δυτική Μακεδονία και τις καλές πρακτικές που εφαρμόστηκαν κατά την υλοποίησή του, με σκοπό να αναδειχθούν οι βασικές αρχές και οι πρακτικές της διαπολιτισμικής εκπαίδευσης στο πλαίσιο του σχεδιασμού και της υλοποίησης των δράσεων στα συμπεριληπτικά προγράμματα.
Η συμβολή της έρευνας δράσης στην εφαρμογή της συνεργατικής μάθησης σε μια τάξη προσχολικής εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Νικολουδάκη Ελένη , Αλεξάκης Δημήτρης
Published: January 2025

Στην παρούσα μελέτη παρουσιάζεται η συμβολή της έρευνας δράσης στην εφαρμογή της συνεργατικής μάθησης σε μια τάξη προσχολικής εκπαίδευσης. Πιο συγκεκριμένα παρουσιάζονται η διαδικασία και τα αποτελέσματα μιας έρευνας δράσης που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε δημόσιο Νηπιαγωγείο του Ν. Ρεθύμνης κατά το σχολικό έτος 2022-2023. Η εκπαιδευτικός-ερευνήτρια υλοποίησε 8 διδακτικά σενάρια συνεργατικής μάθησης και συνέλεξε δεδομένα τόσο αναφορικά με την εφαρμογή της συνεργατικής μάθησης όσο και με την επίδρασή της στα παιδιά. Η ανάλυση των δεδομένων αναφορικά με την εφαρμογή της συνεργατικής μάθησης κατέδειξε αφενός τις δυσκολίες και τα διλήμματα της εκπαιδευτικού κατά την υλοποίηση των διδακτικών σεναρίων και αφετέρου τον εμπλουτισμό της προσωπικής της θεωρίας. Αναφορικά με την επίδραση της συνεργατικής μάθησης στα παιδιά η ανάλυση των δεδομένων κατέδειξε την ανάπτυξη των συνεργατικών δεξιοτήτων των παιδιών και τον εμπλουτισμό των κοινωνικών τους αλληλεπιδράσεων.
Revolutionizing Formula 1: Unveiling the Impact of Virtual Advertising on Brand Visibility and Fan Engagement
Authors: Alexopoulos Konstantinos , Mochla Vagia , Tsourvakas George
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the fascinating field of Virtual Advertising technology, focusing on its application in Formula 1 races. Virtual Advertising involves seamlessly integrating digital elements into broadcasts, presenting innovative opportunities for brand exposure. The study investigates the average visibility of virtual signage during Formula 1 Grand Prix broadcasts, revealing an average visibility of 7.63% in the OTT platform. The research also delves into the impact of personalized virtual advertising messages of fan engagement and brand recall, using two surveys distributed among 100 participants each. Preliminary findings show that strategically placed virtual signage, such as on specific turns or track infrastructures, significantly enhances brand exposure. As the study is ongoing, further research is needed to validate the influence of personalized virtual advertising on fan engagement. The paper contributes to understanding the evolving landscape of advertising in sports, particularly in the context of dynamic, personalized messaging.
The Use of Digital Marketing in Β2Β Exporting Firms: A Systematic Literature Review and Future Research Directions
Authors: Mouratidou Eva , Hajidimitriou Yannis
Published: January 2025

Research on the role of social media in marketing has been expanding across various fields, exploring diverse types of companies and industries. However, a notable research gap remains in the literature concerning the B2B context, particularly among export-oriented firms. This systematic literature review aims to consolidate findings from various studies in International Business and International Marketing, to elucidate how digital marketing can assist B2B export-oriented firms to improve their exporting efforts and performance, and provide some useful future research directions.
AI in Marketing: Revolutionizing Efficiency and Personalization - Netflix's AI Success Story
Authors: Sevaslidou Julia , Prassa Maria Aggela , Papaioannou Eugenia
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the marketing landscape by enhancing efficiency, personalization, and decision-making processes. This paper explores the key contributions of AI to various marketing activities, highlighting its impact on how AI empowers marketers to personalize their efforts by analyzing vast amounts of customer data and tailoring experiences to individual preferences. Moreover, this paper employs a case study approach to analyze some of the issues associated with the AI tools adopted by Netflix, the global streaming giant that has embraced artificial intelligence to revolutionize its operations and deliver a personalized and engaging experience to millions of users. The results of this study verified that marketing procedures should involve methods that enhance the customer experience on their platform by providing useful and precise suggestions. These methods are implemented by the Recommender Systems. Cluster-based recommendation systems segment users in similar groups, improving the accuracy and the speed of the system. A second purpose of this paper is to explore the potential of improving recommender systems by experimenting with alternative clustering methods.
Digital Divide and Human Resource Inequalities: A Dynamic Policy Strengthening Human Resource Effectiveness
Authors: Zervas Ioannis , Stiakakis Emmanouil , Papaioannou Eugenia
Published: January 2025

In the era of digital transformation and the inexhaustible march of technology, the debate around the «digital divide» has engulfed the world of science and politics (Ley, 2020). But beyond the broader concept of the digital divide, what deserves to be examined more thoroughly are its consequences in the field of Human Resources (HR) and their effectiveness in the workplace (Kareem & Mijbas, 2019).This paper aims to bring to the fore a completely original framework of research interest, since it focuses on the relationship between the digital divide and inequalities in human resources. Here, it is examined how the inequality in access and use of digital technologies affects the effectiveness of HR in a business environment. Through this innovative approach, we tried to highlight the dynamic component that technological progress shapes in the context of human resources and their management. In addition, a comprehensive analysis of how inequalities in this area affect the performance of organizations and the achievement of their goals is offered. Through this work, it is proposed to give a new dimension to the debate about the role of technology in the management of human resources and the effectiveness of businesses in the era of digital transformation.
Audience development through cultural synergies: Organizing an exhibition of postmodern art at the Historical and Folklore Museum of Nikiti
Authors: Christodoulou Christina
Published: January 2025

Audience development, the notion of maintaining and increasing cultural organizations’ audiences, is inextricably linked to marketing. Marketing tools facilitate constant communication with audiences and broaden the experience of art even after the actual visit to an organization’ s premises.
The paper examines the development of audiences in regional museums in Greece through synergies with other art forms and the use of marketing tools. The author examines the case of organizing a periodical postmodern exhibition with works by an Austrian painter, in the Historical and Folklore Museum of Nikiti.
The aim of the research is to develop the museum's audience by featuring a new artist and promoting the event through various marketing tools and technology. The research questions revolve around political, economic and social issues and the ways they affect audiences’ attendance, the sustainability of regional museums, the recruitment of specialized staff, the creation of a strategic financial management and marketing plan for the museum and the specific exhibition.
The outcome of the research could be used as a guide for regional museums that strive to increase their audience, as it proposes synergies with various art genres, periodic exhibitions of new artists as marketing tools for audience development.
Carsharing users: socio-demographic characteristics, travel behaviour patterns and consumer preferences. A case study of the city of Poznan, Poland.
Authors: Dyba Wojciech , Kisiała Wojciech
Published: January 2025

The paper presents research on carsharing users in Poznan, Poland (an example of a large city in a macro-region of Central Europe, where carsharing is still an innovation to be popularised). The study is based on structured face-to-face interviews with a large sample of 892 drivers analysed using stepwise logit regression. We found that carsharing users are mainly young, educated, single and male; that they regularly use public transport and pay special attention to car equipment and accessories, but at the same time are less concerned about costs than other drivers. Carsharing users drive cars with varying frequency, for a variety of reasons and feel curiosity towards the activity of driving. The results have practical implications for both: local policy-makers (interested in promoting sustainable mobility modes, creating smart cities strategies) and companies operating carsharing systems (formulating advertising strategies).
Labour market institutions - the problem of definitions and measurement
Authors: Sordyl Marta
Published: January 2025

Motivation: Despite a wealth of research the role of labour market institutions (LMIs) remains controversial. The problem is on the increase lately because of socio-economic transformation affecting the functioning of labour markets. One of the explanations of the problem might be the lack of precise definitions and proper measures of LMIs, especially informal ones, that could be used in econometric research.
Aim: The aim of the paper is twofold. First, to follow the evolution of the concept of LMI measures in economic literature, both in the theoretical context and in empirical application. Second, to compare different measures of employment protection legislation (EPL) and assess their effectiveness in capturing the quality of workers’ protection. The analysis takes an institutional perspective which assumes that LMIs are a means to solve the problem of market inefficiencies rather than a source thereof.
Results: The paper identifies inadequacies in the way LMIs are measured and used in empirical research.
Keywords: labour market policies, employment protection, institutional economics
JEL: J08; J83; E02
A note on nonautonomous Schrödinger equations with inhomogeneous nonlinearities
Authors: Lehrer Raquel , Maia Liliane , Ruviaro Ricardo
Published: January 2025

We study the existence of positive ground or bound state solutions for a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations:
\begin{equation*}\label{P_a}
-\Delta u+\lambda u=a(x)f(u), \quad u \in H^1\big(\mathbb{R}^N\big), \ N \geq 3,
\end{equation*}
where the function a is positive, symmetric under some group action $G$,
and $\lambda$ is a positive constant.
The inhomogeneous nonlinearity $f$, under very mild assumptions, is asymptotically linear or superlinear and subcritical at infinity,
with $f(s)/s$, $s> 0$, not satisfying any monotonicity condition.
Yoga and cancer-related fatigue during breast cancer treatment: protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Acosta Iamara Rodrigues , Alberton Cristine Lima , Petrarca Cristiane Rios , Pinto Stephanie Santana
Published: January 2025

Cancer-related fatigue is one of the symptoms that most impacts the quality of life of patients undergoing treatment for breast cancer. Yoga has been used as a non pharmacological intervention to alleviate symptoms during breast cancer treatment. However, further studies are needed to elucidate and fill possible gaps regarding the effects of Yoga in this population. This article describes the protocol for a randomized clinical trial that aims to analyze the effects of a Yoga program, compared to a control group, on the physical and psychological outcomes of patients diagnosed with breast cancer, undergoing treatment within the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS) in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Thirty women will be randomized into a Yoga or control group. Participants in the Yoga group will undergo a Yoga program associated with health education, twice a week for eight weeks, with each session lasting 60 minutes. The control group will participate only in health education meetings, once a week, also for eight weeks with sessions of 60 minutes. Assessments of cancer-related fatigue, quality of life, pain, functional capacity, and level of leisure time physical activity will be performed before and after the intervention. Data will be analyzed using Generalized Estimating Equations and Bonferroni post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). The study protocol is registered in the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry under number RBR- 6vk2vjr.
Protection and Monitoring System for LPG Leaks and Fires in Arduino-Based Rooms
Authors: Triyatno Ivan , Yudhana Anton
Published: January 2025

This research is a development of previous research in overcoming of LPG gas leaks that cause fires. The system is designed using the main sensor MQ-6 and DHT22 sensors which will detect the gas concentration and temperature in the room, the protection system is equipped with an exhaust as a room freshener and a buzzer as a direct warning alarm and a water pump to extinguish a fire. And all of data will be displayed on the application Blynk and will send a notification on email users by using a Wi-Fi network. This system has succeeded in detecting the concentration of LPG gas with a sensor detection distance of 1 cm to 7 cm getting an average time of 1.6 seconds and percentage of error comparison 2.52%. In normal temperature detection, the percentage error is 1.14% and normal humidity is 2.98%, As for detection of rising temperature by using of wax media, the percentage error is 1.84% and humidity 1.87%. From these tests and getting results with a small percentage value this system can already be used and runs as well.
IoT-Based Chili Plant Watering Automation Using NodeMCU ESP8266 and Blynk when the Pump is Running
Authors: Mustofa Nuril , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: January 2025

Automatic plant watering system can help users in caring for plants. Along with the development of technology, it is possible to monitor and control using the Internet of Things (IoT) from anywhere and anytime as long as the device is connected to the internet. The system designed in this study performs watering on chili plant automatically and in real time monitored through the Blynk application on a smartphone. Automation is carried out based on the moisture value parameter obtained from the capacitive soil moisture sensor as input and the NodeMCU ESP8266 as the controller. The output of the system is water sprinkling that comes out through a 12V DC water pump as an actuator and the Blynk application as a monitor and controller via IoT. Automation and monitoring through smartphones using the Blynk application in this study have been successfully carried out. Watering can be done regularly according to predetermined time intervals automatically and the amount of water given to plants according to their needs. At a humidity that is less than 60% and the schedule is appropriate, the pump will run for 4 seconds with a water discharge of 116.32 ml which has been adjusted to the volume of soil and water needs of chili plant.
Temperature and Lighting Control of Deep Water Culture Hydroponic System in Automatic Miniroom Space
Authors: Yulianto Kurniawan Dwi , Puriyanto Riky Dwi
Published: January 2025

This research will develop a temperature control system and lighting using LEDs on automatic indoor hydroponic plants. The process of monitoring air temperature, light intensity and time in real time in a miniroom using a DHT-11 sensor, BH-1750 sensor, RTC, and Arduino Uno for data processing. The results of this study indicate that the prototype made can work well. The DHT-11, BH-1750 and RTC sensors used in this study can work optimally. Temperature measurement using the DHT-11 Sensor has an Error value of 1.44% and Light Intensity Measurement using the BH-1750 Sensor has an Error value of 2.48% so that it can be used and applied to the system. This research works as expected where the system created can control the indoor temperature and lighting duration in the indoor hydroponic system.
Visual Studio Application for Generation Power System Reliability Calculations
Authors: Alfi Ikrima , Kusmayana Rifqi Fauzan
Published: January 2025

Power system reliability is affected by the reliability of its sub-systems, including generator reliability. The reliability of a power plant can be seen, among others, based on the LOLE (Loss of Load Expectation) index. Processing and calculating data using excel or matlab will take a lot of time and effort.  This is unfavorable for system evaluation which is a routine activity. The contribution of this research is to create an easy data processing method with a user-friendly display using Java programming-based Visual Studio. The research data uses generator operating data in 2018 and 2019 Hydroelectric Power Plant Ir. H. Djuanda. Calculations using visual studio have been validated with calculations using Excel. LOLE calculation results in 2018 was 0.17356748092842464 days/year and for 2019 it produced a LOLE of 0.006204969593183424 days/year. The results obtained did not exceed the PLN standard, namely 1 days/year, in other words, in 2018 and 2019 Hydroelectric Power Plant Ir. H. Djuanda has a good level of reliability.
Efficiency Comparison of Asynchronous and Synchronous Buck Converter with Variation in Duty Cycle and Output Current
Authors: Rachmad Ralfi Wibowo , Abuzairi Tomy
Published: January 2025

There are two most commonly used topologies in buck converter applications, asynchronous and synchronous buck converter. These two topologies have its own advantages and disadvantages from a performance point of view. The difference in performance, especially in the aspect of efficiency need to be addressed further, knowing the efficiency is a crucial aspect of buck converter application. In this study, the comparison of asynchronous and synchronous topology in terms of its efficiency will be analyzed using software simulation and hardware prototypes. Software simulation will be used to validate the workings of buck converter prototypes by comparing its characteristics against the hardware prototypes. Furthermore, the performance between both topologies will be analyzed under various operating conditions. Based on the results obtained in this study, when the applied duty cycle is low, for instance in 30% duty cycle and both converters operate at the lowest current, the asynchronous topology have a better efficiency of 19.15% against the synchronous topology, however, when both converters operate at the highest current, the synchronous topology shows its efficiency advantage of 6.56% against the asynchronous topology. On the other hand, in a higher duty cycle operation, for example in 80% duty cycle, both converters have an insignificant difference of efficiency.
Sentiment Analysis of the Increase in Fuel Prices Using Random Forest Classifier Method
Authors: Nurbagja Karandi , Saputra Nurirwan , Riyadi Ahmad , Tentua Meilany Nonsi
Published: January 2025

This research focuses on examining how the economy in Indonesia is affected by the increasing fuel prices, with a particular emphasis on the impact on the lower and middle-income populations. The announcement made by President Jokowi and his ministers about the fuel price hikes has spurred public reactions on social media platforms. The rise in fuel costs has a notable impact on people's livelihoods, especially concerning the surge in prices of essential goods. Sentiment analysis measures public opinion about the increase in fuel prices. The data taken from social media needs to be more balanced. The data is labeled with two identifications, “negative”, “positive” and “neutral”. The method used in sentiment analysis is the random forest method. This research contributes to determining the number of trees used in the model formation with public opinion data. The F1-score measurement result on the model is achieved at a value of 60%.
Analysis of Lightning Strike Impulse Strategies in Electricity Distribution Channels Utilizing Mixed Lines
Authors: Burhan Muhammad Iswal , Sari Dessy Ana Laila
Published: January 2025

To ensure the operational security of these systems and to give higher quality electricity to all users, it is important to assess the transient behavior of electric power transmission and distribution systems when they are challenged to varied forms like lightning discharges, which in this research is focused to determine the effect by utilizing the mixed line configuration on the impulse voltage of lightning strike on the 20 kV distribution line. This experiment was carried out using sources of data through channel documentation on Makassar City Polda Feeders with an airway length (SUTM) of 7.8 km and a cable channel length (SKTM) of 2 km obtained from PT. PLN (Persero) Makassar Branch and then input into the ATP-EMTP simulation process with either a simulation of 20 and 50 kA strikes at distances of 2.5, 4.5 and 6.5 km with lightning impulses of 1.2/50 and 8/20 µs. configuration of lines at the transition point and also the end of the cable channel depending on the magnitude of the lightning current, the location of the strike, and the lightning impulse. Lightning peak current is proportional to the voltage response at the transition point and the end of the cable, and the effect on lightning impulse peak voltage is generated at the transition point and the end of the cable. According to research results of initial research, the use of mixed channel lines can decrease the impulse voltage is 20 kV distribution lines.
Automatic Feeding System in Pond Fish Farming Based on the Internet of Things
Authors: Mahendra Tomy Chandra , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: January 2025

One of the fish commodities consumed by the Indonesian people is catfish because it tastes good. Cultivation of catfish requires special attention regarding feeding because if it is not enough it can cause the fish to become cannibals, whereas if too much feed can cause disease. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and control the provision of fish feed on a scheduled basis. This study aims to facilitate catfish farming in automatically scheduled fish feeding by utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT). This system is built using a NodeMCU micro controller which is connected to a Real Time Clock (RTC) sensor to adjust the feeding schedule. In addition, ultrasonic sensors are used to monitor feed conditions and servo motors to open and close the fish feed storage valve. This study succeeded in providing catfish feed automatically and on time according to a predetermined schedule, namely at 06.00 am, 12.00 noon, and 18.00 pm. Timing is based on the active hours of catfish. The system has also been successfully monitored and controlled remotely via the internet using the Blynk application. In addition, the system has also been able to identify the remaining feed reserves remaining in the storage container. This automatic feeding system has been operating in accordance with the purpose of the system, which is to provide fish feed according to the feeding hours of catfish so that cannibals or fish that are sick with ammonia are not found from leftover feed that is not eaten by catfish.
Distance Estimation on Ultrasonic Sensor Using Kalman Filter
Authors: Setiawan Haryo , Ma'arif Alfian , Marhoon Hamzah M , Sharkawy Abdel-Nasser , Çakan Abdullah
Published: January 2025

This research discusses about the distance estimation on ultrasonic sensor using Kalman Filter method. Accuracy level problem on ultrasonic sensor will be increased using Kalman Filter. Kalman Filter consists of two parts which are prediction and update. This research applies Kalman Filter method using Arduino Uno and Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04. The test result compares the sensor data before and after Kalman Filter is applied. The test result of sensor value after given Kalman Filter depends on the value of noise sensor covariance matrix (R) and process noise covariance (Q). The best value of R and Q is 100 and 0.01. If the distance value between R and Q is too small, the filtering result will be invisible. In contrast, if the distance value between R and Q is too far, the filtering result could remove the original measured sensor data. In conclusion, applying Kalman Filter method in Ultrasonic sensor could estimate and increase the accuracy of sensor value up to 7%.
Detection of Fuel Purity Using the TCS3200 Sensor Using the Euclidean Distance Function
Authors: Fitra Muhamad Daffa Al , Fadlil Abdul
Published: January 2025

Petroleum is oil produced by nature. It widely consumed by two-wheeled and four-wheeled vehicles. This research was conducted in order to know the RGB value of each fuel oil. This study aims to examine the purity of each fuel oil. Calculations in this study were carried out using the Euclidean Distance function aiming to find accuracy from the similarity of the average value and standard deviation of each fuel oil. In this study, detecting the purity of fuel oil using the TCS3200 sensor using the Arduino Uno as microcontroller and for output using I2C LCD 16x2. Before detecting fuel oil, sensor calibration is carried out for each fuel oil. After performing the calibration, 30 data collected. Data processing was carried out after the data was obtained, a search was carried out for the average and standard deviation of the RGB values for each fuel oil. After obtaining the values of the mean and standard deviation, we recalculate using the Euclidean Distance function because we get the similarity of the values of the mean and standard deviation. In the calculation of the accuracy of the Euclidean Distance function, it is found that the matching value of Pertamax is 25, Pertamax Turbo is 21, and Dexlite is 28. In this calculation, an accuracy of 82% is obtained.
Design of Micro Hydro Power Plant System Prototype with Arduino Uno-Based Dummy Load
Authors: Salam Geri Geraldo , Baswara Ahmad Raditya Cahya
Published: January 2025

Electricity is a vital need and economic resource that is needed for all communities. One of the electricity technologies that can be generated from water is utilizing water discharge to be converted into electrical energy or called PLTMH (Microhydro Power Plant). This research has been done but still needs to be developed, for example on an automatic loading system. With the help of a 1 channel relay to control the dummy load automatically. This research uses 2 different test simulations and different wiring circuits. The results of this study show that in simulation 2 the dummy load system cannot run at all. Due to the voltage value read is not so stable by the ZMPT101B sensor. The spike of the read voltage value causes it to be difficult for the relay to analyze the voltage value then causes the logic on the relay to be disturbed and an error occurs in the automatic dummy load system. However, in simulation 1 the dummy load system can work properly. For comparison of voltage values between a multimeter with a voltage value of 4.5 V (before adding a load) and on the Arduino IDE with an average of 4.564 V, the average error is -1.42222. For comparison of frequency values between multimeter 47 Hz without load and on Arduino IDE with an average value of 47 Hz with an average error of -0.8, from ac generator rotation with a voltage value of 4.5V.
Development of Design and Control Manipulator Arm on Hexapod Robot with Smart Vision Sensor
Authors: Pratama Gralo Yopa Rahmat , Widodo Nuryono Satya
Published: January 2025

In 2021, the Indonesian Search and Rescue Robot Competition underwent significant changes, transitioning from its original name of "Firefighting Robot Contest" to "Search and Rescue Robot Contest." With existing regulations and new races, this robot used in the Indonesian Search and Rescue Robot Contest is an essential addition manipulator robot arm to finish mission victim rescue. With existing study about Design Development and Control Manipulator Arm on this Hexapod Robot with Smart Vision Sensor expected can help the development of the AL-JAZARI team's hexapod robot in mission victim rescue. Research, This does development design and control from a manipulator robot arm that can save victims in the rules of the Indonesian Search and Rescue Robot Contest. This uses input from the Pixy Camera, and its output is from the movement of the manipulator arm of the MG90S servo, which can save the orange victim. A Pixy Camera detects the victim and is picked up by a robotic arm. The manipulator's arm uses the MG90S servo as the actuator. In contrast, the buffer from the servo uses a 3D print designed to adapt to robotic bodies and efficiently, at times, save victims. Result study This robot can run on the victim rescue track by pushing the start button, then the robot will move autonomously with level success casualty rescue by 85% at good lighting and level lighting success dim by 80%.
High Accuracy Dual Probe Station for Near Field Scanning
Authors: Yuwono Tito , Baharuddin Mohd Hafiz
Published: January 2025

Electromagnetic (EM) emissions are a major issue for electronic products. Besides electronic products being able to work according to their function, they must also comply with EMC standards to avoid producing excessive EM emissions. One technique for measuring EM emissions is near field measurements. This measurement technique can be used to determine the faulty components which contribute to the failure of complying to the EMC standards. A near field measurement system consists of near field probes, digital oscilloscope, and a probe station which can control the movement of the near field probe during measurement process. In this paper, the design and development of a dual probe near field measurement system or station with high accuracy will be discussed. From instrument testing, it can be concluded that the probe station can cover ample scanning area with movement accuracy up to 0.05 mm and it is able to work well according to the test scenario. The designed probe station is verified by measurement and highly recommended to be used for near field measurements.
Human Activity Recognition System Using WiFi Sensing and Deep Learning
Authors: Kurniawati Nazmia , Nurjihan Shita Fitria
Published: January 2025

Human activity recognition systems can be used for various purposes such as monitoring, authentication, and telemedicine. In this research, a non-invasive, high privacy, easy to implement, and affordable human activity recognition system based on WiFi and deep learning is developed. Sixteen activities; including upper body, lower body, and whole body movement; were recognized by utilizing Channel State Information (CSI) contained in the WiFi signal. Measurements were carried out in an empty room with dimensions of 6*8 m with the distance between the transmitter and receiver being 1, 3 and 6 meters from the subject. Google Teachable Machine is used to recognize activities carried out. From the measurement result, the accuracy shows more than 97%. It is also evident that the further the measurement distance, the worse the recognition results. This is due to the increasing amount of noise in the radio channel as the distance increases.
Implementing PID Control on Arduino Uno for Air Temperature Optimization
Authors: Akbar Afindra Hafiedz , Ma’arif Alfian , Rekik Chokri , Abougarair Ahmed J , Mekonnen Atinkut Molla
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the precise regulation of liquid filling in tanks, specifically focusing on water storage systems. It employs the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control method in conjunction with an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor and an Arduino Uno microcontroller. Given the paramount importance of water as a resource, accurate management of its storage is of utmost significance. The PID control method, known for its rapid responsiveness, minimal overshoot, and robust stability, effectively facilitates this task. Integrating the ultrasonic sensor and microcontroller further augments the precision of water level regulation. The article expounds upon the foundational principles of the PID control method and elucidates its application in the context of liquid tank filling. It offers a comprehensive insight into the hardware configuration, encompassing pivotal components such as the Arduino Uno microcontroller, HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, and the L298 driver responsible for water pump control. The experimental approach is meticulous, presenting results from tests involving the Proportional Controller, Proportional Integral (PI) Controller, and Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Controller. These tests rigorously analyze the impact of varying Proportional Gain (Kp), Integral Gain (Ki), and Derivative Gain (Kd) parameters on crucial performance metrics such as response time, overshoot, and steady-state error. The findings underscore the critical importance of an optimal parameter configuration, emphasizing the delicate equilibrium between response speed, precision, and error minimization. This research significantly advances PID control implementation in liquid tank filling, offering insights that pave the way for developing more efficient liquid management systems across various sectors. The identified optimal parameter configuration is Kp = 5.0, Ki = 0.3, and Kd = 0.2.
Dependability of the Explorer Autonomous Underwater Vehicle in Oil Plume Response Mission; Case Study of the Vehicle Roll Control
Authors: Azarsina Farhood
Published: January 2025

Oil plume dispersion in water depth is an applied topic to study, and a practical way to respond to such a catastrophic event is to deploy an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) in the area. With notice that the underwater oil flows upward to the surface and in the meantime disperses into larger radii, a conical helix can be a suitable candidate for maneuvering about the oil spill.A helix maneuver requires steady control of the roll angle of the vehicle. Therefore, roll control adverse yaw, which originated in aviation, would be a concern for underwater navigation too. The correcting actuator signal that can adjust the vehicle's yaw angle, and therefore maintain its heading angle, shall be provided by the rudders or stern planes of the vehicle. Then the methodology of this research is to analyze the dependability of the rudder’s subsystem as a network of components in series. The dependability analysis that is performed here is in a series block diagram that is based on a minimal cut series. The results of this study show that the dependability of the engineering subsystems in an unmanned underwater vehicle can directly influence the outcome of a sensitive marine environmental protection project. Results show that the stern planes by more than a 90 percent chance can manage to control the maneuvering goals.
QR code wristbands in palliative care: enhancing efficiency and outcomes
Authors: Harding Ellin , Sivell Stephanie , O'Brian Ed , Sheeran Liba , Pease Nikki
Published: January 2025

Background:

Poor, inaccurate and inconsistent patient information hinders ambulance clinicians' management of patients receiving palliative care, often leading to unnecessary hospital admissions. Digital records, such as the Electronic Palliative Care Coordination System (EPaCCS), offer solutions.

Aims:

This study explores ambulance clinicians' perceptions (including paramedics, emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and advanced paramedic practitioners (APPs)) of a QR code-based electronic palliative care system, focusing on the content and format of information and its utility in clinical decision-making.

Methods:

Two focus groups with Welsh Ambulance Service Trust ambulance clinicians discussed a QR code wristband system. Data were thematically analysed.

Findings:

Key themes included improved access to patient information, better decision-making, greater family involvement, format and usability, and concerns regarding data governance.

Conclusion:

A QR code-based system could enhance patient care and clinical decision-making; however, it must be relevant, user-friendly in terms of content and format, and address data governance prior to wider implementation.
Dynamics of mid-infrared semiconductor switching controlled by femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Matteo Daniel , Tochitsky Sergei , Joshi Chan
Published: January 2025

Semiconductor switching of
sub-picosecond mid-infrared laser pulses between 10 and 14 µm
is characterized in GaAs, n-Ge, and ZnSe controlled by 30 fs
pulses with photon energy above the band gap of the material. The
reflectivity and lifetime are studied for multiple wavelengths. Time
domain dynamics of semiconductor plasma reflectivity observed in
experiments correlate with that derived in diffusion-recombination
theory. Potential application of ultrafast semiconductor switching as
a photonic device for use in high-power mid-infrared laser systems is
discussed.
Sub-nanosecond blue laser at 443  nm using a multi-longitudinal-mode frequency-doubled optical parametric oscillator for oceanic high-spectral-resolution lidar
Authors: Wu Hongda , Chen Feitong , Yuan Mingzhu , Dong Junyang , Sun Wenbo , Hu Miao , Liu Dong , Liu Chong
Published: January 2025

We have demonstrated a sub-nanosecond frequency-doubled potassium
titanyl phosphate optical parametric oscillator with a large laser
longitudinal mode spacing at 443 nm. Pumped by a
532.2 nm pulsed laser with a pulse width of 0.74 ns and
a maximum pulse energy of 4.08 mJ, the maximum output energy of
a 576 µJ signal laser pulse at 886 nm was successfully
obtained with a short cavity optical length of 8.1 mm; the
corresponding conversion efficiency was up to 14.1%. The signal laser
was frequency-doubled to a deep blue laser at 443 nm with a
longitudinal mode spacing of around 19 GHz, corresponding to
the water molecule Brillouin scattering frequency spacing excited by a
443 nm laser. The spectral linewidth, pulse width, and single
pulse energy of the blue laser were 0.3 nm, 0.5 ns, and
70 µJ, respectively. This is the first demonstration, to the best of our
knowledge, of a sub-nanosecond laser at 443 nm
with such a large longitudinal mode spacing. It provides a reliable
laser source for verifying the feasibility of the
multi-longitudinal-mode laser technique in oceanic
high-spectral-resolution lidar.
Design of compact surface-emitting nanolasers based on topological guided-mode resonance
Authors: Qian Linyong , Zhang Jiahua , Wang Kangni
Published: January 2025

We numerically design a compact nanolaser based on a topological guided-mode resonance (GMR) structure. It consists of a topological junction formed by two GMR gratings, which induces a leaky Jackiw–Rebbi (JR) edge state that confines in-plane light within a small mode volume. Using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to simulate active optical responses, we show that surface-emitting lasing is achieved with a threshold of 4.5 µJ/cm2 within a cavity length of approximately 2.0 µm. In addition, by replacing the junction with an array of equally spaced ridges in a critical phase, the edge mode transitions into a bulk mode. This modification allows for controllable cavity sizes of 4.9, 7.8, and 10.7 µm, with corresponding thresholds of 6.0, 8.4, and 9.0 µJ/cm2, achieved by using 5, 10, and 15 cycles of critical state grating. The topological GMR holds promise for compact coherent sources.
Spatiotemporal shearing-based ultrafast framing photography for high performance transient imaging
Authors: He Yu , Yao Yunhua , Yao Jiali , Huang Zhengqi , Guo Mengdi , Cheng Bozhang , Ma Hongmei , Qi Dalong , Shen Yuecheng , Deng Lianzhong , Wang Zhiyong , Wu Jian , Sun Zhenrong , Zhang Shian
Published: January 2025

Framing photography provides a high temporal resolution and minimizes crosstalk between adjacent frames, making it an indispensable tool for recording ultrafast phenomena. To date, various ultrafast framing photography techniques have been developed. However, simultaneously achieving large sequence depth, high image quality, ultrashort exposure time, and flexible frame interval remains a significant challenge. Herein, we present a spatiotemporal shearing-based ultrafast framing photography, termed STS-UFP, designed to address this challenge. STS-UFP employs an adjustable ultrashort laser pulse train with a spectrum shuttle to illuminate the dynamic scenes for extracting the transient information and records discrete frames using a streak camera via spatiotemporal shearing. Based on its unique design, STS-UFP achieves high-quality ultrafast imaging with a sequence depth of up to 16 frames and frame intervals ranging from hundreds of picoseconds to nanoseconds, while maintaining an extremely short (picosecond) exposure time. The exceptional performance of STS-UFP is demonstrated through experimental observations of femtosecond laser-induced plasma and shockwave in water, femtosecond laser ablation in biological tissue, and femtosecond laser-induced shockwave on a silicon surface. Given its remarkable imaging capabilities, STS-UFP serves as a powerful tool for precisely observing ultrafast dynamics and holds significant potential for advancing studies of ultrafast phenomena.