bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opportunities and challenges in the modeling, experimental investigation, and development of foil bearings for ultra-high-speed rotating machinery
Authors: Guan Hanqing , Li Jiajun , Feng Kai
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, there is a trend in the downsizing of rotating machinery accompanied by increasing rotational speed. Oil-free, high-speed rotating machinery supported by foil bearings (FBs) has emerged as an effective solution to address this trend. However, the application of FBs faces two significant challenges, namely the load capacity and stability. Along these lines, the current status of the FBs in industrial applications and academic research was summarized in this work. Various theoretical models of FBs are discussed, and the processing methods and test rigs used for FBs were illustrated. The structural improvements aimed at enhancing the load capacity and rotor stability were summarized and the active/intelligent FBs were introduced. The opportunities for future developments of FBs in the fields of theoretical analysis, design, control, etc. were also discussed.
Activist burnout in No Borders: The case of a highly diverse movement
Authors: Gauditz Leslie Carmel
Published: December 2024

Activist burnout is a common threat to activists’ personal sustainability and to a movement's effectiveness. Compared to related fields such as humanitarian aid or social work we know relatively little about mental health risks in activists or how a specific activist environment may contribute to mental health outcomes. This study examines the case of the No Borders movement in Europe, a grassroots movement fighting for migrant rights. The movement's groups are highly diverse in terms of nationality, ethnicity, culture, and religion because they are composed of refugees, migrants, and local populations. Following the vulnerability-stress-model, the article asks: which specific stressors occur in the No Borders movement? The analysis is exploratory and based on ethnographic research and qualitative interviews ( N = 26). Situational Analysis (SitA) shows that: a) activists have to navigate a complex environment in which radical grassroots activism meets humanitarian emergencies, and b) in dealing with diversity and intergroup conflicts they are under pressure to live up to their political ideals. These insights led to the identification of three stressors: prefigurative betrayal, inadequate expectations, and split of life-worlds. Understanding these stressors can contribute to informing preventive measures in No Borders and in other migrant or antiracist movements.
Between resistance and commodification: The art and cultural labor of Telangana ‘Dhoom Dham’
Authors: Vemireddy Vamshi , Mallam Sasi Kiran R.
Published: December 2024

In the year 2012, when the Telangana movement was at its peak, there was a debate and discussion on the ‘Role of song in achieving Telangana State’. The series of debates organized and recorded by the Telangana Resource Center provided a forum for folk artists, intellectuals and poets who were playing an integral part in the Telangana Dhoom Dham events. It was a self-reflexive moment to figure out the past, present and future of the song in the movement. The artists lamented the commodification of the song in the hands of the political leaders of the movement. This article explores the nature of this commodification and the resulting resistance through an analysis of the speeches made by the leading members of the cultural front of the Telangana movement.
Overview of Recent Cases Before the European Court of Human Rights and the European Committee of Social Rights (January–June 2024)
Authors: De Becker Eleni
Published: December 2024

This case law report (January-June 2024) discusses six cases before the European Court of Human Rights (hereinafter: ECtHR) and one case before the European Committee of Social Rights (hereinafter: ECSR). 1 The first case ( O.R. v. Greece) concerned the lack of protection of an unaccompanied minor seeking international protection by the Greek government, in violation of the prohibition of torture in Article 3 ECHR. The second and fourth cases concerned possible violations of the right to a fair trial under Article 6 ECHR ( Bernotas v. Lithuania and Đurić v. Serbia), the applicant complained about the unfairness of the administrative and judicial review procedures. The third case, Shylina v. Ukraine, concerned the question of whether the obligation for a payment of social security benefits to a specific bank account at the Ukrainian State Bank violated the right to property under Article 1 Additional Protocol ECHR (hereinafter: AP ECHR). The case of Diaconeasa v. Romania concerned the withdrawal of support for a physically disabled person. The last case before the ECtHR that will be discussed in this case law report is B.T. v. Russia. In this case, the Court had to review the difference in treatment between men and women with regard to parental leave for police officers in the light of the prohibition of discrimination under Article 14 ECHR. This case law report only discusses one case before the ECSR. In collective complaint 187/2019, the ECSR had to review the reduction of survivor's benefits in Italy in the event of cumulation with other income with several provisions of the European Social Charter.
College students’ literacy, ChatGPT activities, educational outcomes, and trust from a digital divide perspective
Authors: Zhang Ceciley (Xinyi) , Rice Ronald E , Wang Laurent H
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the association of socioeconomic status (SES) and digital and AI literacy with types of Chat GPT use by college students, with subsequent implications for academic self-efficacy and creativity, conditioned by trust. Analyses of a survey of U.S. college students (N = 947) show that SES has a greater association with AI literacy than with general digital literacy. Two dimensions of Chat GPT activities emerge: academic support and displacement. Structural equation modeling reveals that AI literacy is positively associated with both activity dimensions, while digital literacy is unexpectedly a negative contributor. Further, academic support is strongly linked to positive outcomes whereas academic displacement is negatively associated. Attitudinal trust in Chat GPT moderates the overall relationships. Our findings suggest that conventional digital inequality persists and evolves with generative AI, traditional digital literacy becomes insufficient in the age of AI, and trust in this new and opaque digital technology influences these relationships.
On a new path: Social support, social media engagement, and well-being after religious disaffiliation
Authors: Keller Yehudis , David Yossi , Trachtenberg Estherina
Published: December 2024

How do social support and the use of social media contribute to mental health and resilience among those who are pursuing a new path of identity and life? Those who exit ultra-Orthodox Judaism often struggle with loss of social support while simultaneously increasing their use of social media. We conducted a cross-cultural survey among 1146 individuals who left ultra-Orthodox Judaism. Our findings show that escapist and avoidant coping through social media correlated with more negative mental health outcomes, while using social media to problem solve and perceiving oneself as giving and receiving social support correlated with more positive outcomes. Resilience negatively associated with escapist and avoidant styles of coping through social media. Some aspects of perceived social support had positive associations with resilience. These findings shed light on potentially helpful mechanisms for using social media among marginalized communities, specifically those who exit high-cost religious communities.
Co-developing culturally grounded early years programming with Indigenous communities
Authors: Tremblay Melissa , Ferguson Chloe , Willsie Janoah , Downie Heather , Rattlesnake Charlene , Kolb Bryan , Gokiert Rebecca , Hayden Jessica , Fallon Barbara
Published: December 2024

Although early childhood programs designed for Indigenous children exist in Canada and elsewhere, there remains a need for program development and implementation to be sustainable, evidence-based, and foundationally grounded in (rather than peripherally inclusive of) Indigenous cultures and languages. Overall, little is known about how to develop sustainable, communitygrounded early childhood programs that address the structural inequities and health disparities that disproportionately impact Indigenous children and families. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a community-based prenatal to preschool initiative that centralizes Indigenous knowledge and cultural values. Through this paper, we describe the process of codeveloping the Early Years (EY) program in Maskwacis, Alberta. We provide a description of program partners, summarize existing programs used to shape the EY program model, and outline the program model. Finally, we discuss relevance to other communitybased initiatives across sectors, and learnings that are transferable to other community contexts.
Te pūtahitanga: Commercialising genomic research through Indigenous enterprise
Authors: Mika Jason Paul , Tūrongo Brooks Robert , Hudson Maui
Published: December 2024

This paper examines issues associated with the commercialisation of genomic research of taonga species through Indigenous enterprise in Aotearoa New Zealand. A contribution to Indigenous entrepreneurship knowledge is offered by answering the question, how do Māori enterprises reconcile tensions between cultural, commercial and science imperatives in commercialisation processes? Taonga means anything that is highly prized—tangible or intangible, while taonga species refers to native flora and fauna and traditional knowledge of these biological resources and their uses. Genomic research of taonga species and the commercialisation of this knowledge is advancing, but with limited Māori involvement. International and domestic frameworks recognise risks to Indigenous peoples from commercialisation of their biological resources, with benefit-sharing an alleviating mechanism. While few Indigenous benefit-sharing agreements in genomic research are known, we highlight new frameworks that encourage rights protection, responsible engagement and beneficial arrangements with Indigenous groups in the commercialisation of genomic research among science, business and state actors. We posit ‘Te pūtahitanga’ (the confluence of rivers) as a conceptualisation of how Māori can mediate cultural, commercial and science imperatives using tauutuutu and manahau as Māori principles of reciprocity which has implications for commercialisation processes within Indigenous and non-Indigenous enterprise.
A configurational analysis of the impact of entrepreneurial orientation and global mindset on export performance of SMEs
Authors: Matemane Reon , Mintah Rockson , Şahin Faruk , Karadağ Hande
Published: December 2024

Although contemporary literature provides several important insights into the role of attributes of SMEs, there is much less evidence on what configuration of entrepreneurial orientation and global mindset makes this process successful, that is, contributing to the export performance of SMEs. This study uses a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis on a sample of 97 SMEs in Ghana to explore the potential complementary role between the entrepreneurial orientation dimensions and global mindset for superior export performance. The results indicate two different yet equifinal configurations of these factors that lead to a high level of export performance of SMEs. One of the configurations shows that proactive and innovative SMEs with managers high on global mindset achieve superior export performance regardless of their willingness to take risks. Another configuration indicates that regardless of the global mindset of managers, SMEs can achieve higher export performance by being proactive, innovative, and willing to take high risks. Several implications for theory and practice are discussed based on the findings.
Open-hole compressive response of angular stitched hybrid composites
Authors: Brückner Pinar , Kaya Gaye
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to enhance the mechanical, impact and open-hole compressive strengths of angular stitched glass/polypropylene/epoxy hybrid composites. The novelty of the study stems from the development of glass/polypropylene hybrid woven preforms and stitching these preforms at angular directions [+45°/0°/−45°/0°] using various fibres. The damages of open-hole angular stitched hybrid composites under mechanical and impact loads were compared with unstitched composites using ultrasonic C-Scan method. The angular stitching reduced the inter-ply delamination in the composite, ensured the preservation of the structural integrity and increased the absorption of impact energy depending on the stitching fibre types. Stitching caused less reduction in compressive strength of open-hole composite structures compared to unstitched composites. The performance of the stitching fibre used and its ability to compensate for the damage caused by the stitching process are critical parameters on the open-hole damage mechanism of composite structures.
Fidelity of a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program in people with COPD referred from primary care
Authors: Dal Corso Simone , Holland Anne E , George Johnson , Abramson Michael J , Russell Grant , Zwar Nick , Bonevski Billie , Perryman Jaycie , Cox Narelle S
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is highly effective but underutilised. Pathways to home-based PR (HBPR) from general practice could improve utilisation, but program fidelity in this setting is unknown. This study aimed to explore the fidelity of HBPR in people referred from general practice. Methods: Secondary analysis of intervention-group data from two-arm cluster RCT (RADICALS-interdisciplinary intervention for people with COPD including smoking cessation support, home medicine reviews and 8-weeks HBPR). HBPR fidelity assessed by the extent to which exercise training was prescribed according to protocol. Completion of HBPR and contributing factors were determined. Results: 107 participants (68% of intervention group) were referred to HBPR, with n = 75 (70%) commencing the program (mean age 68 years, FEV1 65% predicted, median mMRC 1). Aerobic training was prescribed according to protocol for 74% of participants in week one, and on average 89% of participants in weeks 2–8. Resistance training was prescribed according to protocol for 98% and 88% of participants (Week 1 and Weeks 2–8, respectively). Rehabilitation completers ( n = 57, 76%) were 26 times more likely to have attended the Week 2 phone call (95% CI 2–352). Clinically meaningful improvements were achieved in health-related quality of life (SGRQ) and health status (CAT) following rehabilitation. Conclusion: PR program fidelity can be maintained when delivering HBPR to people with COPD referred directly from general practice. Early engagement with PR may be key to supporting rehabilitation completion.
Randomized Clinical Trial to Compare Cryopreserved and Lyopreserved Umbilical Cord Tissue to Treat Complex Diabetic Foot Wounds
Authors: Lavery Lawrence A. , Suludere Mehmet A. , Johnson Matthew J. , Killeen Amanda L. , Raspovic Katherine M. , Crisologo Peter A. , Tarricone Arthur N.
Published: December 2024

To compare the incidence of infection, wound closure and time to wound closure in patients treated with cryopreserved (CPUT) and lyopreserved umbilical tissue (LPUT) in complex diabetic surgical wounds. This single-blinded 12-week randomized clinical trial compared cryopreserved and lyopreserved amniotic cord tissue to treat complex diabetic foot wounds. LPUT or CRAT was applied at baseline and again after four weeks. We enrolled subjects with UT2A-D and 3A-D wounds (depth to tendon, muscle, or bone with infection and/or PAD) and excluded subjects with ABI < 0.5 or TBI < 0.3, untreated osteomyelitis, and autoimmune diseases. We used a 3-D camera to evaluate wound area and volume. The mean baseline wound areas were 12.9 ± 10.7 cm2 for CPUT and 11.7 ± 7.0 cm2 for LPUT. The mean baseline wound volume was 7.5 ± 8.1 for CPUT and 9.2 ± 10.2 cm3 for LPUT. There was no difference between CPUT and LPUT in wound closure (36.8% vs 19.0%, P = .21) or infection (10.5% vs 4.8%, P = .60). There was no difference in mean wound area reduction between CPUT and LPUT (75.9 ± 32.3% vs 65.5 ± 38.4%, P = .41), nor in mean volume reduction (85.0 ± 30.8% vs 79.9 ± 31.9%, P = .61). In addition, there was no difference in wound closure trajectories for changes in area ( P = .75) or volume ( P = .43). Cryopreserved and lyopreserved amniotic tissue provided similar results in patients with complex diabetic foot wounds.
Impact of Moringa oleifera Hydro-Alcoholic Bark Extract on Diabetic Wound Healing: A Topical Approach
Authors: Manhas Diksha , Malairaman Udayabanu
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The current study was aimed to evaluate the potential of Moringa oleifera against diabetic foot ulcer, where the wound healing is impaired and susceptible to infection.

Methods

The effects of M. oleifera hydroalcoholic bark extract (MOHE) on different parameters influencing diabetic wound healing were comprehensively investigated including: anti-inflammatory effects, antibacterial properties, antioxidant activity, anti-diabetic properties, and fibroblast proliferation and migration. Furthermore, in vivo studies were conducted in diabetic rats and Zebrafish to investigate the topical effects of MOHE on wound healing.

Results

The findings of this study demonstrated that MOHE has strong anti-diabetic effect, including a significant inhibition of α-amylase activity (IC50 = 0.043 mg/mL) and 2.92-fold increase in 2-NBDG uptake in McCoy cells. MOHE demonstrated considerable antioxidant activity, inhibiting DPPH (IC50: 0.046 mg/mL) and ABTS (IC50: 0.04 mg/mL) free radicals. In in vitro wound healing studies employing MOHE revealed a significant increase in McCoy fibroblast proliferation (148.83%) and improved migration, resulting in a wound closure rate of 46.3%. MOHE exhibited significant antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria species. It efficiently reduced heat-induced RBC hemolysis, with anti-inflammatory effect of 73% at 0.2 mg/mL. Furthermore, MOHE demonstrated better results in the treatment of diabetic wounds in Wistar rats and fin regeneration in Zebra fish compared to Calendula cream.

Conclusion

This evidence based pharmacological study highlights the promising potential of MOHE in facilitating the healing of diabetic wounds, offering a topical approach to address this challenging healthcare issue.
Evaluation of Veress Needle as a Liver Retraction Technique in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Ertekin Suleyman Caglar , Akbulut Gökhan , Turgut Emre , Akyol Hüseyin , Ergenç Muhammer , Yeğen Cumhur
Published: December 2024

Background

Liver retraction management in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is challenging for surgeons, especially in patients with enlarged livers. Traditional methods, such as the Nathanson retractor (NR), often necessitate additional incisions, potentially increasing liver enzymes and increasing the risk of complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the use of a Veress needle (VN), an alternative liver retraction technique, in LSG surgery compared with NR.

Materials and Methods

This study was conducted at a university-affiliated hospital between May 2022 and December 2022. Patients who underwent LSG were divided into two groups: one utilizing the NR and the other employing the VN for liver retraction. Parameters such as operation duration, retraction time, liver laceration, trocar-induced hemorrhage, subxiphoid trocar site infections, pain scores measured via the visual analog scale (VAS) at various time points, pre- and postoperative liver enzyme levels (AST, ALT, GGT, ALP) and CRP levels were analyzed.

Results

Data from 151 patients were analyzed. The AST/ALT elevations ( P < 0.001) were significantly lower in the VN group (73 patients) than in the NR group (78 patients), while there was no significant difference in GGT/ALP levels. Retraction-related bleeding was significantly greater in the NR group than in the VN group (6.4% vs 0%, P = 0.035). Postoperative infection rate was lower in the VN group but not statistically significant (0% vs 3.8%, P = 0.135). CRP differences were significant on the first postoperative day ( P < 0.001). Postoperative VAS scores were significantly lower in the VN group at all measured time points except at the 48th hour and 10th day.

Conclusions

The VN technique in LSG significantly reduces liver enzyme elevation and the need for an extra trocar and incision, potentially lowering complication risk and enhancing patient outcomes.
Understanding Cardiovascular Health and Lifestyle Choices Among Healthcare Professionals in Medically Underserved Regions in Illinois
Authors: Agah Grace Aruoriwo , Herrmann Lynn Katherine , Bezold Maureen P. , Yussuf Moshood F.
Published: December 2024

This study assesses the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, and stress, as related to healthy lifestyle behaviors among healthcare professionals (HCPs), including medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory scientists, and radiologists, in medically underserved regions (MURs). Using a cross-sectional study design, an online survey was administered to HCPs in MURs of West Central Illinois. A total of 316 HCPs completed the survey. The study population was predominantly White, female, and aged 55 or older. The findings of this research imply that HCPs in medically underserved regions (MURs) with high cholesterol generally do not engage in physical activity. The study showed a correlation between HCP age, high blood pressure, Type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol, implying that as HCPs age like every other individual, the likelihood of developing these conditions increases. This study emphasizes the role of time constraints and a lack of motivation in limiting HCPs’ participation in physical activity in rural areas. Additionally, the study suggests that inadequate access to nutritious food and exercise facilities in rural regions contributes to lower rates of healthy eating and physical activity. Findings demonstrate how essential it is for healthcare professionals to remain vigilant about cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Taking a Mixed Role – A Pragmatic Approach to Action Research
Authors: Cronemyr Peter , Huge-Brodin Maria
Published: December 2024

Research in management needs to contribute to practical relevance and applicability of research results. An approach that acknowledges the needs that emerge from practice and still offers guidance for proper research, is action research. The purpose of this paper is to expand the action research methodology, focusing the researcher’s role. Two consecutive action research projects were reviewed and reflected upon from a literature-based model. The projects were analysed iteratively by two participating researchers with different experiences and backgrounds. The main finding is the outline of the mixed role in action research projects, which allows for performing high quality research in parallel with interventions in the study object organisations. Development of the mixed role concept allows practically oriented research and interventions in research projects to be developed alongside traditional research, which at large can encourage researchers to take part in practical managerial development. The action research methods were successful in the projects, as they provided a fast-track to deep insights in the companies and the ability to act and evaluate results. With the mixed role approach, we could quickly come down to details, expose assumptions, discuss new solutions and come up with more profound research questions. The mixed consultant/researcher role has been a means to keep the research schedule within acceptable limits. Hence, a consciously managed project with in-depth considerations of the mixed role of the researcher can in itself remove one of the main obstacles of action research. The mixed role is a novel concept, pragmatic but still well aligned with prior research. The establishment of the concept can inspire more researchers performing action research.
Device diversity in crowdsourced WiFi fingerprinting database for autonomous mobile robot
Authors: Sa’ahiry Ahmad Hakimi Ahmad , Ismail Abdul Halim , Toyoura Masahiro , Kamaruddin Latifah Munirah , Hashim Mohd Sani Mohamad , Azmi Muhamad Safwan Muhamad , Nishizaki Hiromitsu , Mao Xiaoyang
Published: December 2024

Positioning and navigation of mobile robot is the main feature for the trajectory or motion of the mobile robot. Conventional mobile robot positioning and navigation system relies heavily on fusion of multiple costly sensors, which does not promote mass production. This paper aim is to use readily and available technologies which is WiFi due to its reliability as it is pre-deployed, and it exist in most of the building. The system used are based on indoor positioning system (IPS) by using a crowdsourced fingerprinting method. This seeks to improve crowdsourced fingerprinting database performance by solving the issue of the device diversity or heterogeneity of difference devices. To cope with the crowdsourced fingerprinting database as the location estimation method for the robot application, deep neural network (DNN) is employed. The proposed method namely ratio and ranged-based (RRB) shows an improvement of 60% increments by implementing the pre-processing technique of the raw data before feeding it to the DNN. The comparison between other method shows that RRB is better in term of accuracy in three validation techniques, which are root mean square error (RMSE), distance error and accuracy between true and estimate position. This improvement effectively could facilitate the actual positioning system utilizing the WiFi infrastructure for the mobile robot in very near future.
Compliance with care standards and professional knowledge of operating theatre personnel before, during and after laparoscopic bariatric surgery: A study in public hospitals in Iran
Authors: Kouhestani Zahra , Aboutalebi Mohammad Sadegh , Izadan Mahshad , Aarabi Akram , Mosleh Sorour
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

By adhering to care standards, many adverse outcomes for patients, such as pressure injuries, tissue necrosis and patient falls, can be prevented. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of compliance with care standards before, during and after various types of bariatric surgeries.

Materials and methods:

This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the operating theatres of selected teaching hospitals in Isfahan (Iran). The study sample consisted of all operating theatre personnel in the selected teaching hospitals who met the inclusion criteria. Compliance with care standards was measured using a researcher-developed checklist. A researcher-developed questionnaire with 43 true/false questions was used to evaluate the operating theatre personnel’s professional knowledge. The data were analysed using SPSS version 20 and descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

The mean score of adherence to care standards and the mean score of professional knowledge of operating theatre personnel regarding care of laparoscopic bariatric surgery were 78.35 ± 9.49 and 29.45 ± 6.17, respectively. There is no significant relationship between these two variables, with a two-tailed significance (Sig.) of 0.056 and a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.199.

Discussion and conclusion:

In general, it can be concluded that the specific knowledge of the local operating theatre personnel regarding minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery care is at an intermediate level. Requirements for training in this area were therefore successfully identified. In addition, not all operating theatre personnel adhere to the standards of care for patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery. This non-adherence could be due to insufficient training or the absence of established standards in hospitals.
The Nature of Horror
Authors: Witherington David C. , deCruz-Dixon Naila V.
Published: December 2024

Given its clinical significance, horror should occupy a prominent place within emotion theory. However, conceptualizations of horror within psychological science are relatively underdeveloped and conceptually confused. Through conceptual analysis of the disparate literature on the emotion, we seek to establish horror as a qualitatively distinct mode of engagement with the world and to remedy its over-intellectualization, as evident in many prior accounts. Given its etymology, we first address horror's characteristic immobilization—at the level of stereotypical facial configuration and action readiness—before analyzing horror's formal object and appraisal structure. In the process, we critique schema accounts of the emotion and argue for conceptualizing horror pre-reflectively by grounding it in appraised violations of the practical dynamics of social engagement.
Efficacy of Shipixiaoji Granules, Lenvatinib, and Tislelizumab in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Protocol for a Prospective, Single-Arm, Phase Ⅱ Trial
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Liang Zicheng , Tan Xiaoning , Jian Huiying , Gao Wenhui , Zeng Puhua
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim

Shipixiaoji granules (SPXJ) is traditional Chinese medicine that treats hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its efficacy in HCC is still unknown. This prospective study assessed the outcomes of using SPXJ combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the management of patients with unresectable HCC.

Methods

This study was conducted as a single-arm phase II clinical trial. We recruited patients diagnosed with CNLC stage Ⅱ to Ⅲ HCC. The treatment regimen included oral lenvatinib (12 mg for patients weighing ≥60 kg; 8 mg for those weighing <60 kg) once daily, intravenous tislelizumab (200 mg) every 3 weeks, and SPXJ twice daily. The primary endpoint was defined as progression-free survival (PFS) in accordance with RECIST 1.1 criteria.

Results

Fifty-four patients were enrolled in this study. The primary endpoint was achieved, with a median PFS of 12.7 months. The objective response rate (ORR) was recorded at 55.6%. The disease control rate (DCR) was observed at 98.1%. Additionally, we compared PFS based on the participants’ sleep behavior. The results indicated that patients with a morning chronotype had a median PFS of 14.1 months, while those with a night chronotype had a median PFS of 9.85 months (95% CI: 1.366-6.853, P < .05). Treatment-related adverse events were reported in 96.3% (n = 52) of patients.

Conclusions

The combination of SPXJ, lenvatinib, and tislelizumab demonstrated substantial safety and anti-tumor efficacy as first-line treatment for unresectable HCC. Moreover, patients’ sleep behavior significantly influences treatment efficacy.
Measuring the impact of digitisation on NHS nurses’ time and morale: A time and motion study
Authors: Hicks Joshua , McAleer Claire , Mutowo Mutsa
Published: December 2024

Objective

Despite the benefits of digital transformation, many healthcare organisations still rely on manual, traditional processes to transfer clinical images and videos to electronic patient records (EPRs), consuming valuable nurse–patient-facing time. Our study aimed to outline tasks performed by nurses to traditionally transfer clinical images and videos to EPRs, assess the impact on nurses’ time and efficiency cost, and report on nurse experiences when transitioning to a digitised process.

Methods

Observations spanned two one-week periods in the ENT outpatient department of Royal Devon University Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, using direct observational time and predetermined motion time system analysis to map nurses’ tasks pre-and post-implementation of a Medical Video Recorder and Centralised Medical Content Management. Two staff experience surveys were conducted, and data was aggregated to evaluate the impact of digitisation.

Results

Nurses traditionally followed two processes to transfer clinical images and video to EPRs. Digitisation saved 43 seconds per endoscopy (a 10% efficiency gain) compared to Process 1, in which nurses print, attach, scan, and digitise images off-site to EPRs, and 3 minutes and 8 seconds (a 33% efficiency gain) compared to Process 2, where urgent content is recorded on an iPad and transferred to EPRs. Digitising could save nurses 26 working days annually by reducing non-patient-facing tasks in the ENT department, leading to an annual time efficiency cost-saving of £6780. Furthermore, 75% of nurses reported significantly improved morale, 63% strongly agreed that digitisation improved confidence in the accuracy of patient details, and all paper processes were eliminated.

Conclusion

Our findings highlight the inefficiency of traditional methods in transferring images and videos to EPRs. Digital transformation could enhance nursing efficiency and morale, improving care quality. Future studies should evaluate the effectiveness of Medical Video Recorders and Centralised Medical Content Management in other departments.
Digital divide: Differences between digital access, preference, and use among parents of pediatric research participants
Authors: Smith Lauren , Koid Jia Shin Cassandra , Abdi Najma , Zhou Chuan , Brown Julie C. , Hartford Emily A. , Danai Mahtab , Lion K. Casey
Published: December 2024

Objective

Healthcare delivery and research are moving increasingly towards digital engagement, which could inequitably exclude some populations due to differential technology access and uptake. We sought to evaluate study-related digital access, preferences, and use among parents of patients with Medicaid insurance enrolled in research in a pediatric emergency department (ED).

Methods

We conducted a secondary analysis within a randomized trial at an academic pediatric ED. Children with public insurance and a language of English or Spanish who were treated for asthma symptoms were enrolled; parents completed surveys regarding digital access, preferences and demographics. Associations were tested using Fisher's exact test.

Results

We enrolled 80 families, of whom 18% had a language for care of Spanish; 31% of children identified as Hispanic, and 25% as Black. All baseline survey respondents (n = 79) endorsed having an internet-connected computer (73%) or smartphone (99%); 85% of smartphone holders reported unlimited data. When given the choice, 73% of participants requested a physical gift card instead of an electronic gift card. Only 31% had patient portal access 6 months after study end. Parents who spoke Spanish or with a child identified as Hispanic or Black more often requested physical gift cards and less often had patient portal access, but these differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusion

Despite ubiquitous access to internet-connected digital devices among this Medicaid-insured population, patient portal use was low and many families preferred non-digital reimbursement. Efforts to enhance research inclusion should consider digital preferences in addition to digital access when planning study procedures.
Multicomponent Workplace Tobacco Cessation Interventions: A Scoping Review
Authors: Baay Courtney , Jessiman-Perreault Geneviève , Toohey Ann M. , Allen Scott Lisa K.
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

Tobacco is the leading modifiable risk factor for cancer and other chronic diseases. The workplace provides an opportunity to advance tobacco cessation efforts. Combining tobacco cessation with complementary components addressing mental health, physical activity, and healthy eating has demonstrated effectiveness in non-workplace settings. This scoping review examines the literature on multicomponent workplace tobacco cessation interventions to identify core components and implementation facilitators and barriers to support uptake in the workplace setting.

Methods:

A scoping review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines for Scoping Reviews and Arksey and O’Malley’s five-step process. Peer-reviewed literature published in the past 20 years was searched across 9 databases. A search for relevant gray literature (i.e., conference papers/proceedings) was also completed. Articles were screened by two independent researchers for inclusion. Included studies evaluated workplace interventions recruiting individuals to participate in a tobacco cessation program alongside a complementary component (i.e., physical activity, mental health, healthy eating).

Results:

Most of the 12 included studies paired tobacco cessation with mental health or stress reduction interventions. Most complementary components targeted the individual versus organizational or policy levels. The synthesized facilitators indicated that multicomponent interventions should be incentivized and tailored to adequately meet the needs of different workplaces and employees.

Discussion:

This scoping review synthesizes studies integrating multiple complementary program components into workplace tobacco cessation efforts. Future interventions should implement tobacco cessation interventions at multiple levels, combining complementary components to maximize effectiveness and overcome barriers (e.g., weight gain and stress) to successful outcomes.
Utilisation of biomass waste as a reductant in the smelting of saprolitic nickel ore using a DC-arc furnace
Authors: Nurjaman Fajar , Hakim Hafid Zul , Arham La Ode , Septiansyah Bagus , Handoko Anton Sapto , Bahfie Fathan , Suharto Suharto , Dahlan Yuhelda , Fatimah Titin Siti , Sari Yuliana , Suharno Bambang
Published: December 2024

In this work, the biomass charcoal from rubber wood, coconut shell, corn cob, palm kernel shell, as a reductant in the smelting process of saprolitic nickel laterite has been observed in a laboratory submerged arc furnace. A total of 5 kg of saprolite, some reductant and limestone were smelted together in this furnace, which was adjusted to 0.8 of carbon stoichiometric and 0.8 of slag basicity. The smelting process was carried out for 1 h, and the pouring temperature was 1400 °C–1500 °C. From the result, the smelting process using corn cob charcoal and palm kernel shell charcoal showed almost similar nickel grade and recovery compared with using coke as a reductant, which is above 12% and 90%, respectively. It also has the same slag phase, that is, diopside, with a low melting point. These two types of biomass waste reductants could be replaced using coke in the future.
Sustainable and efficient magnetisation roasting technology for iron recycling and utilisation from refractory iron ores: Recent advances and perspectives
Authors: Liu Xiaoshan , Zhou Wentao , Yu Xuyang , Li Ru , Lyu Xianjun , Yuan Shuai , Sun Yongsheng
Published: December 2024

China's significant reliance on imported iron ore is due to its poor resource endowment and low utilisation levels. Given the urgent demand for iron ore resources, it is crucial to conduct basic research and cutting-edge technology exploration around co-associated refractory iron ore to realise the efficient utilisation of these resources. This study reports on the physicochemical properties and beneficiation methods including conventional separation, leaching, deep reduction and smelting for refractory iron ore. This work focuses on summarising the four types of magnetisation roasting equipment, technology, parameter optimisation, mechanism characteristics, current challenges and trends: vertical furnace magnetisation roasting, rotary kiln magnetisation roasting, fluidisation magnetisation roasting and microwave magnetisation roasting. Based on this, a new method of hydrogen-based microwave fluidisation magnetisation roasting is proposed. This method offers selective, rapid heating and high efficiency in heat and mass transfer. It provides ideas for clean, efficient and low-carbon utilisation of refractory iron ore resources.
Review of upscale quartz sand purification process: From raw material properties to efficient technologies
Authors: Li Shenghan , Liang Ziyun , Zhou Wentao , Chen Jiali
Published: December 2024

Quartz sand is a high-end raw material with excellent physical and chemical properties derived from quartz stone. China heavily relies on imports for quartz, with the proportion of high-purity quartz being low in the market. Therefore, it is strategically important to strengthen independent technological research and development to efficiently utilise China's quartz sand resources. This work summarises and explains the physical and chemical properties of quartz, including its chemical components, phase composition, element existing state and embedded particle size. It also summarised various physical purification methods, such as colour separation, scrubbing–grading desliming, gravity concentration, magnetic separation and flotation. The work focused on the two major chemical purification methods, hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, and clarified the challenges and dilemmas in quartz purification, such as high energy consumption, incomplete impurity removal and environmental pollution. On this basis, a green and efficient purification process for quartz sand, combining nonfluorinated acid leaching and microwave roasting, was proposed.
Physicochemical characterisation and industrial application of new kaolin deposit in Sela Dingay Area, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Tesfaye Abere , Meshesha Daniel , Chekol Takele
Published: December 2024

Sela Dingay kaolin deposit is a primary deposit formed mainly through the weathering of rhyolitic ignimbrite. Integrated analyses of geological, mineralogical, geochemical and physical properties were conducted to characterise the industrial applications of Sela Dingay kaolin. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were used to characterise the raw kaolin samples. The results show that Sela Dingay kaolin is mainly composed of kaolinite (66–93%) and quartz (9–34%). The higher chemical index of alteration (CIA = 94.2%) and chemical index of weathering (CIW = 96.8%) values suggest that Sela Dingay kaolin was formed by intense chemical weathering under oxidising conditions. Sela Dingay kaolinite deposit consists of high percentage of clay/silt-sized particles, a low shrinkage value (1.1–3.4%), medium-high plastic limit (25–35%), with specific gravity and pH values ranging between 2.47 and 2.56 g/cm3 and 6.3 and 7.2, respectively. The overall results show that Sela Dingay kaolin is medium to high grade and it can be used for various industrial applications with appropriate beneficiation processes to remove higher amounts of Fe2O3 and quartz. Therefore, the newly discovered kaolin deposit (estimated at 5,136,166 tonnes) in the Sela Dingay area is a potential target for future kaolin exploitation.
Experimental and speculative political ecologies for an age of crisis, hope, and action
Authors: Rusca Maria , Harris Dylan M , Santos Dan
Published: December 2024

This review highlights the potential of a political ecology that approaches socionatures more experimentally and speculatively. We first consider theoretical frameworks which can help elucidate a conceptual and methodological pathway for more experimental and speculative political ecology scholarship. Next, we bring together and systematize multiple threads of political ecology scholarship that already lean into experimentation and speculation. We highlight what we see as their potential, particularly focusing on ongoing struggles for climate and environmental justice. First, we conclude that experimental and speculative approaches are critical for laying the foundations of a future-oriented and reparative mode of critique that illuminates emerging possibilities for alternative worlds. Second, these approaches can generate new registers of consciousness that make room for hope, possibility, creativity, and action. Third, experimental and speculative approaches reconfigure political ecological praxis by fostering a more proactive role for the researcher in addressing socioecological challenges as they emerge. It is our hope that this intervention inspires others to do work that is intentionally more experimental or speculative, creating conditions that could potentially lead to a more equitable society in the present with ramifications for a more just future.
Transgender and Gender-Expansive Singers in Choir: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Carlson Rachel
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this article is to review published literature on transgender and gender-expansive (TGE) singers in the context of the choral rehearsal from the past 10 years, 2013 to 2023. Authors wrote on a variety of topics related to gender-inclusive teaching and vocal pedagogy, including honoring singer names and pronouns, using gender-neutral language in rehearsal, choosing gender-neutral ensemble names, providing gender-free options for choral attire, programming repertoire that does not perpetuate gender stereotypes, and supporting singers through transition. Some TGE singers experience vocal dysphoria associated with singing a vocal part that they feel does not align with their gender identity and some choirs are implementing flexible voicing options for increased comfort during rehearsal. Teacher training in these areas can help foster an environment that is welcoming and affirming to gender diversity and aid in singer retention and psychological well-being.
Zanubrutinib Plus Ixazomib & Dexamethasone in Newly Diagnosed Symptomatic Waldenström Macroglobulinemia:a Phase II Studyshort Title: Zid for Waldenström Macroglobulinemia
Authors: Wenjie Xiong , Yan Yuting , Wang Tingyu , Sui Weiwei , Yu Ying , Yu Tengteng , Lyu Rui , Liu Wei , Liu Huimin , An Gang , Huang Wenyang , Zou Dehui , Qiu Lu-Gui , Yi Shuhua
Published: December 2024

Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare type of lymphoma, with no optimal treatment. BTK inhibitor have shown promising outcomes, yet achieving deep remission remains challenging and time-limited therapy has not been studied. We conducted a phase 2 clinical trial (NCT04463953) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining zanubrutinib, ixazomib, and dexamethasone (ZID) in newly diagnosed symptomatic WM patients. Patients received ZID induction therapy for up to six 28-day cycles, followed by consolidation therapy up to total 24 cycles. The primary endpoint was the deep remission rate. Overall, 24 of 27 enrolled patients completed induction treatment. One patient (4.2%) achieved CR, 10 patients (41.6%) achieved VGPR, 12 patients (50%) attained PR. The overall, major and deep remission rates were 100%, 95.8% and 45.8%, respectively. The median time to response was 2 months (range, 1-5). Five of 22 patients had CXCR4 mutation, with no disparity in the deep remission between the patients with/without CXCR4 mutation (40% vs 50%, P=0.594). The median abnormal lymphocyte (7.6% vs 1.6%, P =0.0019) and plasma cells (0.28% to 0.02%, P =0.0306) were significantly reduced after treatment. With a median follow-up of 30.9 months (range, 15-42), 5 patients progressed. The median PFS and OS were 40 months (95% CI:35.5-44.5) and not reached, respectively, with no difference in patients with/without CXCR4 mutations. The most common AE was hematological toxicity. SAEs were infection (12.5%) and thrombocytopenia (8.3%). Overall, ZID regimen offered significant deep remission and provided a time-limited BTKi therarpy in WM patients with manageable AEs.