bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of the incidence of early complications after general anesthesia in thyroid surgery patients at Damascus Hospital
Authors: Alakabani Marah Nasser , Eid Lujain Mousa , Ali Diaa Haj , Rakmani Najwa
Published: January 2024

Introduction:
Anesthesia is one of the vital and very important procedures in surgeries, as it helps to relieve pain and reduce stress on the body during surgery, which helps to improve surgical results and reduce the risk of infection. Postoperative throat pain is common, especially after general anesthesia, as endotracheal intubation is associated with a risk of postoperative throat pain, which is more common than when using supraglottic airway openers or a face mask. Thyroid surgeries are associated with many potential surgical complications, with recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis resulting in unilateral hoarseness, aphonia, and stridor.
Research Materials and Methods:
A retrospective cohort study (COHORT) was conducted from April 2023 to November 2023 including patients attending the Department of General Surgery who had undergone thyroid surgery under general anesthesia in Damascus Hospital, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic. A paper questionnaire was conducted and patients visiting the General Surgery Department in Damascus Hospital were followed up during the period of conducting the research. Accordingly, the questionnaire was filled out and the data was reviewed under the supervision of the research supervisor.
Results
The sample included 110 patients, of which 9 were excluded, leaving us with 101 cases on which research and statistics were conducted. 95% were females and only 5% were males. Participants are classified into three groups, with the age group (40–60) years representing the majority at 49.5% (mean 42.7 years). The data was distributed according to 3 categories according to TSH, T4, and T3 values

into normal, high, and low. It was found that 84.2% of individuals had normal TSH values, 89.1% of individuals had normal T4 values, and 59.4% of individuals had normal T3 values. Regarding the type of surgery performed, Research and statistics showed that 84.2% of patients underwent total thyroidectomy, mostly because of multi-nodular goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), with a rate of 86.1%. we also studied the relationship between complications, endotracheal tube diameter, and the duration of surgery
Conclusion
It is necessary to use small endotracheal tubes as much as possible and shorten the duration of the surgical procedure as much as possible.
ABORDAGEM STEAM NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA: O ESTADO DA QUESTÃO
Authors: Domingos Soares Raíza de Araújo , Maia Dennys Leite
Published: January 2024

O presente estudo tem por finalidade construir, por meio de levantamento bibliográfico, o Estado da Questão (EQ) a respeito da abordagem STEAM, com foco na aprendizagem em Química. O levantamento foi realizado na plataforma Google Acadêmico, buscando identificar: I) trabalhos que aplicaram a abordagem STEAM com foco na componente Química e II) como os conceitos da disciplina são trabalhados por meio da abordagem no Ensino Médio. Levou-se em consideração os últimos cinco anos e, aplicando critérios de exclusão e inclusão, não foram encontrados trabalhos realizados no Brasil, sendo todos os selecionados provenientes do continente asiático. Os resultados das aplicações sugerem que o uso da abordagem STEAM potencializa a aprendizagem de conceitos químicos, em destaque para conceitos do campo da Química orgânica e inorgânica, citados em três (38%) dos trabalhos selecionados, proporcionando o engajamento dos alunos em atividades práticas que possibilitam o desenvolvimento de habilidades tais como: pensamento crítico, criatividade, comunicação, junto ao entendimento dos conceitos científicos envolvidos. Observou-se que metodologia ativa Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (ABP) foi a mais escolhida nos casos analisados, bem como metodologias similares, por suas características que permitem uma maior autonomia dos estudantes. A preocupação com as demandas formativas atuais torna primordial novas abordagens como STEAM que permite trabalhar a motivação e mesclar os conhecimentos das áreas.
Effects of selenium on structure of the essential oil isolated from Satureja hortensis L. (Lamiaceae) under the cadmium stress
Authors: AZİZİ Iraj , ASADİ Mohammad
Published: January 2024

One of the heavy metals which cause severe environmental pollution and biochemical changes in plants is Cadmium (Cd) while Selenium (Se) acts as an important anti-stress agent in plants. In the present research, the glasshouse experiment was conducted to examine the effect of Cd and Se on structure of the essential oil isolated from the savory plant, Satureja hortensis L. To do so, the plants were polluted with different Cd levels including 0 (the control), 75, 100, and 150 µM. Moreover, Se was used in the form of sodium selenite salt in concentrations of 0 (control), 10, 20, and 40 µM. The results show that carvacrol was the main constituent in most of the essential oil analyses, except for one of them (0 µM of Cd×10 µM of Se). Furthermore, differences among minor constituents in most of treatments were not significant. Therefore, these results indicate the role of Cd and Se in the compositional changes of S. hortensis essential oil.
Spey: Smooth inference for reinterpretation studies
Authors: Araz Jack Y.
Published: January 2024

Statistical models serve as the cornerstone for hypothesis testing in empirical studies. This paper introduces a new cross-platform Python-based package designed to utilize different likelihood prescriptions via a flexible plug-in system. This framework empowers users to propose, examine, and publish new likelihood prescriptions without developing software infrastructure, ultimately unifying and generalising different ways of constructing likelihoods and employing them for hypothesis testing within a unified platform. We propose a new simplified likelihood prescription, surpassing previous approximation accuracies by incorporating asymmetric uncertainties. Moreover, our package facilitates the integration of various likelihood combination routines, thereby broadening the scope of independent studies through a meta-analysis. By remaining agnostic to the source of the likelihood prescription and the signal hypothesis generator, our platform allows for the seamless implementation of packages with different likelihood prescriptions, fostering compatibility and interoperability.
Gravitational Regge bounds
Authors: Häring Kelian , Zhiboedov Alexander
Published: January 2024

We review the basic assumptions and spell out the detailed arguments that lead to the bound on the Regge growth of gravitational scattering amplitudes. The minimal extra ingredient compared to the gapped case - in addition to unitarity, analyticity, subexponentiality, and crossing - is the assumption that scattering at large impact parameters is controlled by known semi-classical physics. We bound the Regge growth of amplitudes both with the fixed transferred momentum and smeared over it. Our basic conclusion is that gravitational scattering amplitudes admit dispersion relations with two subtractions. For a sub-class of smeared amplitudes, black hole formation reduces the number of subtractions to one. Finally, using dispersion relations with two subtractions we derive bounds on the local growth of relativistic scattering amplitudes. Schematically, the local bound states that the amplitude cannot grow faster than s^2s2. The results obtained in the paper are valid for d> 4d>4 for which the 2\to22→2 scattering amplitude is well-defined.
Peculiarities of bioaccumulation and toxic effects produced by copper oxide (ii) nanoparti-cles on the respiratory organs under inhalation exposure as opposed to their micro-sized chemical analogue: assessment for prevention purposes
Authors:   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Stepankov M.S.
Published: January 2024

At present, it is quite relevant to get better insight into parameters and peculiarities of deleterious effects produced by copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on the respiratory organs under inhalation exposure. This will help develop more effective prevention measures. The aim of this study was to assess peculiarities of bioaccumulation and toxic effects produced by CuO NPs on the respiratory organs as opposed to their micro-sized analogue in experimental modeling of inhalation exposure for prevention purposes. We established physical properties of the tested materials. Experimental studies were accomplished on Wistar rats. The experimental animals underwent a single 4-hour inhalation exposure to a concentration of ~4 mg/m3; a subchronic inhalation exposure to a concentration of 1.2–1.4 mg/m3; a single intratracheal exposure to a dose of 0.005 grams per one rat. We examined peculiarities of NPs bioaccumulation, their influence on the cellular population of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), development of pathomorphological disorders in tissues, and the lung mass in comparison with the micro-sized analogue. CuO NPs, as opposed to their micro-sized analogue, are smaller in size, have smaller hydrodynamic diameters, greater specific surface area and greater total pore volume; these properties determine their greater permeability. Bioaccumulation in the lungs, which was identified for NPs and MPs, is comparable under a single inhalation exposure. Under chronic exposure, NPs tend to bioaccumulate more intensively. A single intratracheal exposure induces more apparent changes in the BALF cellular population. Exposure to NPs causes emphysema, edema, and erythrocyte exudation in the lungs whereas these effects are not identified under exposure to MPs. Therefore, CuO NPs tend to accumulate more intensively and have more deleterious toxic effects on the respiratory organs (the lungs) than their micro-sized chemical analogue under a single intratracheal exposure (0.005 grams per one rat) and subchronic inhalation exposure (1.2 mg/m3). The study results should be considered when developing activities aimed at preventing negative health outcomes in the respiratory organs under inhalation exposure to the analyzed nanomaterial.
Predicting a risk of tumor evolution considering regulatory mechanisms of the body and angiogenesis
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 29 Komsomolskii Av., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation, Trusov P.V. , Zaitseva N.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation, Chigvintsev V.М. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, 82 Monastyrskaya St., Perm, 614045, Russian Federation,   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 29 Komsomolskii Av., Perm, 614990, Russian Federation
Published: January 2024

Adverse environmental and lifestyle factors produce considerable effects on occurrence of cancerous tumors, both directly and indirectly through impaired functionality of the body protection mechanisms. Investigation of these effects has practical significance for risk assessment and development of effective cancer preventive strategies. Mathematical modeling is an eligible method for considering complex multicomponent interactions between elements of various systems involved in tumor growth. This article presents an approach to assessing risks of cancerous tumors by using a created predictive model that describes dynamics of abnormal cells considering regulatory mechanisms and angiogenesis. An evolution approach is applied to estimate accumulated functional disorders of the immune system due to natural ageing and chemical environmental exposures. The Monte Carlo simulation is employed to estimate a likely outcome of cancerous tumor evolution given different possible properties of abnormal cells. The article provides the results of accomplished computation experiments aimed at describing dynamics of changes in cell population properties in an analyzed organ tissue. Development of a vessel system is described considering different effects of the most significant factors. Computation results are analyzed within various scenarios that describe cancerous tumor growth in dynamics considering how angiogenesis develops under different parameters of the immune system dysfunction and different properties of abnormal cells. Risks of tumor development are assessed considering parameters that determine the overall state of the body (the immune system) and properties of abnormal cells. This approach makes it possible to develop a system of preventive and sanitary-hygienic activities in areas where envi-ronmental conditions are unfavorable in order to reduce cancer incidence.
Strategy of Finance Service Development in the Field of Collecting and Recycling Solid Municipal Waste in Regions of the Russins Federation
Authors: Garnova A. A.
Published: January 2024

An acute problem facing today’s society is collecting and recycling solid municipal waste (SMW). The author studies this problem on the basis of the growing speculative factor dealing with enormous amount of poorly used SMW and shortage of budget funds for their efficient management and recycling.

   The goal of the article is to work out effective strategies to raise investment to this field and to raise finance stability of the system of SMW collecting and recycling.

   To reach this goal the author proposes to analyze the current condition of the industry, study best practices of international and Russian companies and identify hindrances and challenges that bar the development of finance services in the sector. It should be mentioned that successful development of finance services in the field of SMW collecting and recycling requires a complex approach including not only elaboration of new finance mechanisms but instructing people for principles of separate collecting and recycling waste and upgrading technologies of SMW recycling and utilization.
The Impact of Objective Social and Demographic Respondent Characteristics on Confidence Rate: Findings of Sociologic Survey
Authors: Tryndina N. S.
Published: January 2024

The article provides findings of a sociologic survey dealing with the rate of various types of confidence in the present day Russian society. The author studied the impact of 5 objective characteristics (gender, age, principle occupation, content of principle occupation and region of living) of respondents on the rate of 4 types of confidence, such as inter-personal, generalized, institutional and political. The article draws conclusions about the impact of respondent’s belonging to certain groups, identified on the basis of 5 objective characteristics both on the general rate of confidence and the rate of each types of confidence. In analyzing respondents’ answers a number of paradoxes were found. For instance, a high rate of institutional confidence went with a low rate of political confidence in selected groups of respondents. The author highlighted objective characteristics that exercised the strongest influence on respondents’ answers. Volatility of respondents’ answers was estimated both by groups identified on the basis of objective characteristics and by types of confidence. The most volatile were the answers received from respondents depending on their principle occupation and the most volatile type of confidence was inter-personal. Apart from that, conclusions were made about possible interactions between objective characteristics and the rate of confidence and nature of these interactions.
Graphanalytical Models of Actor Interaction
Authors: Kartvelishvili V. M.
Published: January 2024

The article summarized and upgraded the research material dealing with agent modeling of entity behavior in active (man to man) viable systems. Aspects of emotional and behavior counterpart responses were studied in modeled social and economic processes of production contract implementation. The authors took into account the impact of dominating psycho-sociological styles of actor behavior included in the hierarchy of production interaction in case of asymmetric information and schemes of classical opportunism. The essence and location of psychological contracts in the process of concluding and implementing labour contracts were specified. 3D models of ‘principal – agent’ and ‘principal-manager-agent’ interactions were built with due regard to emotional responses and motivating decisions of process participants. The authors present the model, which can interpret actor interactions in the form of replacing each other chains of emotions and steps, which in case of graphic presentation of the process will be located in sequence on both sides of the Mebius loop analogues. The benefits of using KL-models and KM- and OK-functions in modeling emotional actor reaction in response to counterpart behavior were demonstrated. To provide better clearness necessary illustrations, schemes and graphs of two- and three-actor interactions were supplied. The provided schemes of iteractive processes of dynamic actor interactions allowed the authors to develop and effectively use software of modeling the emotional tone of hierarchical relations of entities in researching models of viable organization functioning. The developed mathematic tools got a certificate of state registration of computer databases and programs.
Challenges and Prospects of Quest-Tourism Development in Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region
Authors: Pavlova Yu. Yu.
Published: January 2024

The article analyzes the resource potential of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region, which impacts the development of niche types of tourism in the region and identifies key reasons for fostering a higher demand for incountry tourism. The necessity to develop tourism of special interests was shown and quest-tourism was identified as one of its promising trends. The authors studied quest-tourism and proposed its definition and classification that can give an opportunity to investigate it in detail. Recommendations and principle lines in quest-tourism development in the region were provided. The analysis of quest-tourism showed deficit of quest-rooms in the Leningrad region, which can seriously decrease its potential. Apart from that, problems of organizing interactive programs for people with limited health possibilities were highlighted. The article pointed out to opportunities to form a new line in quest-tourism, i. e. inclusive quest and to development of inclusive quest-tours. Variants of inclusive quest-tour organization were shown and their topicality and expedience were grounded. The authors demonstrated the importance of creating comfortable conditions in quest-tours for people with limited health possibilities and studied key lines in providing accessible environment for this group of tourists. Findings of the research can be useful for business-community and regional bodies of administration responsible for the development of tourist industry.
The Role of Emotional and Aesthetic Factor of Perception in Making Customer Decisions
Authors: Afonskiy S. A.
Published: January 2024

Due to the fact that the majority of goods and services are produced in the same technological environment, possess similar design and can hardly be distinguished by their technical characteristics and assessed by manufacturer and trade outlets in a similar way it becomes necessary to mention in trade offers certain non-price competitive advantages, i. e. to provide goods and services with brand – new emotional and aesthetic tint. Customer chooses the product using his/her feelings, emotions, mood, sympathy to the image, which is formed in according with metaphors, fixed images and cultural codes. It can be proved by our research (focus-group) that shows that 93 % of the audience rely on their feelings, mood and impressions in choosing goods, which can change even during the process of choosing and it can cancel preliminary plans and decisions. Percent ratio between mental and emotional decisions can differ depending on age, gender, character of customers, however today we cannot ignore emotional factor of customer perception in the process of market promotion of goods and services.
La Leyendo «Laura era ella», de Jennifer Thorndike, desde Judith Butler
Authors: Chacón Toribio Jakelin Alejandrina
Published: January 2024

La homosexualidad es un «esperpento» para la sociedad; por eso, las personas que no se circunscriben en la heterosexualidad son desplazadas hacia lo abyecto. En el cuento «Laura era ella», del libro Cromosoma Z (2007) de Jennifer Thorndike, se presenta esta problemática, en la cual los personajes femeninos lésbicos afrontan la negación del deseo y el rechazo social. Así, en este artículo, se analiza esta cuestión desde la perspectiva de Judith Butler en su libro Cuerpos que importan (1993). Por otro lado, el aspecto formal narrativo se aborda desde las categorías narratológicas de Genette desarrolladas en su libro Figuras III (1989) con el objetivo de evidenciar que el género, la sexualidad y la orientación sexual son una construcción social reforzada por la performatividad. Asimismo, se establece un paralelo entre los sucesos del texto literario y el contexto social, porque se considera relevante la temática sexual que afronta la población juvenil actual.
Recent Advances in Electrochemical Biosensors Targeting Stress Markers
Authors: Katiyar Deepti , Manish
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

When the body experiences a change in its internal environment due to
factors such as mood (euphoria, stress) and illness, it releases biomarkers in large quantities. These
biomarkers are used for detecting a disease at its early stages. This involves the detection of
insufficient quantities of biocomponents, which can be done by using nanomaterials, conventional
materials, and biotechnology; thus, scientists can increase the sensitivity of electrochemical
sensors. According to studies conducted in this area, electrochemical sensors have shown promise
as a diagnostic tool due to their ability to identify and pinpoint illness biomarkers. The present
review article was compiled to gather the latest information on electrochemical biosensors targeting
stress markers.

Materials and Methods:

The authors searched scholarly databases like ScienceDirect, Pubmed,
Medline, and Scopus for information on electrochemical biosensors targeting stress markers.

Results:

In this article, we looked at the recent developments in electrochemical sensors for stress
monitoring. Because of advances in nanomaterial and biomolecule processes, electrochemical
biosensors have been developed with the sensitivity to detect several biomarkers in real-time in
therapeutically relevant materials.

Conclusion:

This biomarker sensor strategy can analyze various biofluids (sweat, plasma, urine,
and saliva).
Treatment Advances in Lung Cancer with Leptomeningeal Metastasis
Authors: Meng Yuan , Zhu Meiying , Yang Jie , Wang Xuerui , Liang Yangyueying , Yu Minghui , Li Longhui , Kong Fanming
Published: January 2024

Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a serious and often fatal complication in patients
with advanced lung cancer, resulting in significant neurological deficits, decreased quality of life,
and a poor prognosis.

:

This article summarizes current research advances in treating lung cancer with meningeal metastases,
discusses clinical challenges, and explores treatment strategies.

:

Through an extensive review of relevant clinical trial reports and screening of recent conference
abstracts, we collected clinical data on treating patients with lung cancer with meningeal metastases
to provide an overview of the current research progress.

:

Exciting progress has been made by focusing on specific mutations within lung cancer, including
the use of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors or inhibitors for anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangement,
such as osimertinib, alectinib, and lorlatinib. These targeted therapies have shown impressive
results in penetrating the central nervous system (CNS). Regarding whole-brain radiotherapy,
there is currently some controversy among investigators regarding its effect on survival. Additionally,
immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated reliable clinical benefits due to
their ability to retain anticancer activity in CNS metastases. Moreover, combination therapy
shows promise in providing further treatment possibilities.

:

Considerable progress has been made in the clinical research of lung cancer with LM. However,
the sample size of prospective clinical trials investigating LM for lung cancer is still limited, with
most reports being retrospective. Developing more effective management protocols for metastatic
LM in lung cancer remains an ongoing challenge for the future.
Endobronchial Tuberculosis in an HIV-positive Case
Authors: Gegin Savaş , Özdemir Burcu , Günal Özgür , Topal Şeyma , Uzun Çiğdem , Özdemir Levent
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Tuberculosis is an opportunist infection that is fatal and most frequently
seen in HIV-positive patients due to immunosuppression. Endobronchial lesions can portray
symptoms in different ways. Endobronchial Tuberculosis is one of these lesions.

Case Report:

An HIV-positive, untreated 26-year-old patient with fever, cough, and dyspnea consulted
our clinic. In the chest X-ray taken, effusion on the right side and non-homogeneous density
increase in the middle and upper lobes, bilaterally more prominent on the right side, were observed.
Therefore, the patient underwent bronchoscopy because the CT (computerized tomography)
showed mediastinal lymphadenopathy (LAP) and an endobronchial lesion in the left main
bronchus. During bronchoscopy, a vegetative endobronchial lesion that causes obstruction in the
left main bronchus was monitored. With the help of Pathology and PCR results, endobronchial
tuberculosis was diagnosed.

Conclusion:

Even if Acid-alcohol-resistant Bacillus (ARB) is detected negative in patients who
stop responding to antimicrobial treatment and are being monitored under radiological scanning, a
distinctive diagnosis of endobronchial tuberculosis should be kept in mind while performing
bronchoscopy.
A Review on Synthetic Thiazole Derivatives as an Antimalarial Agent
Authors: Kalita Tutumoni , Choudhury Ankita , Shakya Anshul , Ghosh Surajit Kumar , Singh Udaya Pratap , Bhat Hans Raj
Published: January 2024

Background:

Thiazole is a widely studied core structure in heterocyclic chemistry and has
proven to be a valuable scaffold in medicinal chemistry. The presence of thiazole in both naturally
occurring and synthetic pharmacologically active compounds demonstrates the adaptability of these
derivatives.

Methods:

The current study attempted to review and compile the contributions of numerous researchers
over the last 20 years to the medicinal importance of these scaffolds, with a primary focus on
antimalarial activity. The review is based on an extensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier,
and other renowned journal sites for a thorough literature survey involving various research and
review articles.

Results:

A comprehensive review of the antimalarial activity of the thiazole scaffold revealed potential
therapeutic targets in Plasmodium species. Furthermore, the correlation of structure-activity-relationship
(SAR) studies from various articles suggests that the thiazole ring has therapeutic potential.

Conclusion:

This article intends to point researchers in the right direction for developing potential
thiazole-based compounds as antimalarial agents in the future.
Malic Acid as a Green Catalyst for the N-Boc Protection under
Solvent-free Condition
Authors: Pise Ashok , Patil Shripad M. , Ingale Ajit P.
Published: January 2024

A protocol for the Chemoselective N-Boc protection of various types of amines has been
developed. This includes heteroaryl, aliphatic, and alicyclic amines. The process makes use of malic
acid as a catalyst and operates efficiently at ambient temperature without the need for solvents. This
technique has been proven to effectively protect a wide range of functionalized amines containing
both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents. The benefits of this method include its
fast reaction rate, high selectivity, excellent yield, catalyst recyclability, and environmentally friendly
conditions.
Diet and Lifestyle Modifications for Fibromyalgia
Authors: Metyas Caroline , Aung Tun Tun , Cheung Jennifer , Joseph Marina , Ballester Andrew M. , Metyas Samy
Published: January 2024

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex, widespread pain disorder characterized by symptoms
such as fatigue, sleep deprivation, mental fog, mood swings, and headaches. Currently, there are
only three FDA-approved medications for FM patients: duloxetine, milnacipran, and pregabalin,
with outcomes frequently being inadequate.
This research team aims to investigate the effects of diet and lifestyle modifications on FM, with
emphasis on anti-inflammatory diet, antioxidants, and gluten-free diets, as well as supplementation
with Magnesium, CQ10, and Vitamin D, microbiome, sleep, exercise, and cognitive behavioral
therapy. We reviewed the pathophysiology of certain foods that can be proinflammatory with
the release of cytokines leading to activation of pain, fatigue and aggravation of the majority of Fibromyalgia
symptoms. A literature review was performed by identifying FM articles published between
1994 and 2022 via PubMed and EMBASE databases, with particular emphasis on randomized
controlled trials, meta-analysis, and evidence-based treatment guidelines. This review article
was completed by a comprehensive narrative review process, in which our team systematically
examined relevant scientific literature to provide a comprehensive overview of the significant
role that diet and other lifestyle modifications play in mediating symptoms of Fibromyalgia.
We propose that diet modifications and lifestyle changes, such as sleep, exercise, and weight loss,
can be important steps in managing FM.
Impact of COVID-19 on Endometriosis Patients: An Integrative Review
Authors: Behboodi Moghadam Zahra , Namazi Masoumeh
Published: January 2024

Background:

During the Covid-19 pandemic, people's lives worldwide have undergone extensive changes. The pandemic has worsened the condition of patients with chronic diseases like women with endometriosis.

Objective:

This study aims to summarize available evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical symptoms, mental health, and medical care of patients with endometriosis.

Methods:

In the present integrative review using PRISMA guidelines, related articles published
from December 2019 to July 2023 in databases including MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus, and
Google Scholar in the English language were extracted.

Results:

After evaluating the criteria for inclusion and exclusion, a total of 23 articles were chosen
and examined. This study represents an open window to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on
women with endometriosis. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the symptoms, mental well-being, and medical care of women with endometriosis.

Conclusions:

There is a perceived necessity to provide supportive care for patients during pandemic restrictions. Remote work has had an unanticipated advantage, and it is recommended that women with endometriosis continue to work from home after COVID-19 to maintain their workplace
effectiveness.
An Insight into the Effect of Schiff Base and their d and f Block Metal Complexes on
Various Cancer Cell Lines as Anticancer Agents: A Review
Authors: Presenjit  , Chaturvedi Shubhra , Singh Akanksha , Gautam Divya , Singh Kaman , Mishra Anil Kumar
Published: January 2024

Over the last few decades, an alarming rise in the percentage of individuals with cancer and those with
multi-resistant illnesses has forced researchers to explore possibilities for novel therapeutic approaches. Numerous
medications currently exist to treat various disorders, and the development of small molecules as anticancer
agents has considerable potential. However, the widespread prevalence of resistance to multiple drugs in cancer
indicates that it is necessary to discover novel and promising compounds with ideal characteristics that could
overcome the multidrug resistance issue. The utilisation of metallo-drugs has served as a productive anticancer
chemotherapeutic method, and this approach may be implemented for combating multi-resistant tumours more
successfully. Schiff bases have been receiving a lot of attention as a group of compounds due to their adaptable
metal chelating abilities, innate biologic properties, and versatility to tweak the structure to optimise it for a specific
biological purpose. The biological relevance of Schiff base and related complexes, notably their anticancer
effects, has increased in their popularity as bio-inorganic chemistry has progressed. As a result of learning about
Schiff bases antitumor efficacy against multiple cancer cell lines and their complexes, researchers are motivated
to develop novel, side-effect-free anticancer treatments. According to study reports from the past ten years, we
are still seeking a powerful anticancer contender. This study highlights the potential of Schiff bases, a broad class
of chemical molecules, as potent anticancer agents. In combination with other anticancer strategies, they enhance
the efficacy of treatment by elevating the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy, surmounting drug resistance, and promoting
targeted therapy. Schiff bases also cause cancer cell DNA repair, improve immunotherapy, prevent angiogenesis,
cause apoptosis, and lessen the side effects of chemotherapy. The present review explores the development
of potential Schiff base and their d and f block metal complexes as anticancer agents against various cancer
cell lines.
Glutamate Receptors and C-ABL Inhibitors: A New Therapeutic
Approach for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Shejul Priya P. , Doshi Gaurav M.
Published: January 2024

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second-most prevalent central nervous system (CNS)
neurodegenerative condition. Over the past few decades, suppression of BCR-Abelson tyrosine kinase
(c-Abl), which serves as a marker of -synuclein aggregation and oxidative stress, has shown
promise as a potential therapy target in PD. c-Abl inhibition has the potential to provide neuroprotection
against PD, as shown by experimental results and the first-in-human trial, which supports
the strategy in bigger clinical trials. Furthermore, glutamate receptors have also been proposed as
potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of PD since they facilitate and regulate synaptic
neurotransmission throughout the basal ganglia motor system. It has been noticed that pharmacological
manipulation of the receptors can change normal as well as abnormal neurotransmission
in the Parkinsonian brain. The review study contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the
approach toward the role of c-Abl and glutamate receptors in Parkinson's disease by highlighting
the significance and urgent necessity to investigate new pharmacotherapeutic targets. The article
covers an extensive insight into the concept of targeting, pathophysiology, and c-Abl interaction
with α-synuclein, parkin, and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5). Furthermore, the concepts of Nmethyl-
D-aspartate (NMDA), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor
(AMPA) receptor, and glutamate receptors are discussed briefly. Conclusion: This review article
focuses on in-depth literature findings supported by an evidence-based discussion on pre-clinical
trials and clinical trials related to c-Abl and glutamate receptors that act as potential therapeutic
targets for PD.
Can Rosuvastatin Reduce the Risk of Thrombosis in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia with its Effect on Coagulation Factors and Homocysteine Levels?
Authors: Behnam Mostafa , Deyhim Mohammad Reza , Yaghmaei Parichehreh
Published: January 2024

Background and Objective:

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the main risk factors for
vascular thrombosis in individuals. Therefore, the use of statins is very effective in reducing cholesterol
and can reduce the risk of thrombosis in these patients. Rosuvastatin, a member of the
statin family which, inhibits cholesterol synthesis. Very few studies have been done in relation to
how rosuvastatin can affect thrombosis. So, this research has been tried whether rosuvastatin can
have an effect on coagulation factors and homocysteine as risk factors for thrombosis in
hypercholesterolemia?

Methods:

In this experimental study, 60 patients (30 men and 30 women with a mean age of 40-
70 years) diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol > 250 mg/dl) participated in this
research. 30 patients were prescribed rosuvastatin (20 mg/day), and 30 patients were simultaneously
taken placebo for three months. All parameters, including FVIII, FV, Fibrinogen, DDimer,
plasma homocysteine level and lipid profile, were measured before and after treatment.
All the results were statistically compared between the two groups.

Results:

In patients who took rosuvastatin, the drug was able to significantly reduce the concentrations
of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P <0.001). Also,
rosuvastatin was able to reduce the concentrations of homocysteine significantly, D-Dimer
(P < 0.001), coagulation factor VIII and factor V (P < 0.05). In patients with hypercholesterolemia
who took the placebo, did not affect the mentioned variables (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

According to the results, it seems that rosuvastatin may be able to reduce the risk of
thrombosis in patients by affecting coagulation factors and homocysteine levels.
Non-coding RNAs as Key Regulators of the Notch Signaling Pathway in
Glioblastoma: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Shahcheraghi Seyed Hossein , Roshani Asl Elmira , Lotfi Malihe , Ayatollahi Jamshid , Khaleghinejad Seyed Hossein , Aljabali Alaa A.A. , Bakshi Hamid A. , El-Tanani Mohamed , Charbe Nitin B. , Serrano-Aroca Ángel , Mishra Vijay , Mishra Yachana , Goyal Rohit , Hromić-Jahjefendić Altijana , Uversky Vladimir N. , Lotfi Marzieh , Tambuwala Murtaza M.
Published: January 2024

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive brain malignancy originating from
astrocytes, accounting for approximately 30% of central nervous system malignancies. Despite advancements
in therapeutic strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiopharmaceutical
drugs, the prognosis for GBM patients remains dismal. The aggressive nature of GBM necessitates
the identification of molecular targets and the exploration of effective treatments to inhibit its proliferation.
The Notch signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in cellular homeostasis, becomes
deregulated in GBM, leading to increased expression of pathway target genes such as MYC, Hes1,
and Hey1, thereby promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. Recent research has highlighted
the regulatory role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in modulating Notch signaling by targeting
critical mRNA expression at the post-transcriptional or transcriptional levels. Specifically, various
types of ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs),
have been shown to control multiple target genes and significantly contribute to the carcinogenesis
of GBM. Furthermore, these ncRNAs hold promise as prognostic and predictive markers for GBM.
This review aims to summarize the latest studies investigating the regulatory effects of ncRNAs on
the Notch signaling pathway in GBM.
N-Stearoylethanolamine Exerts Cardioprotective Effects in Old Rats
Authors: Kosiakova Halyna , Berdyshev Andrii , Horid’ko Tetyana , Meged Olena , Klimashevsky Vitaliy , Matsokha Roza , Tkachenko Oksana , Asmolkova Valentina , Kvitnitskaya-Ryzhova Tetyana , Luhovskyi Serhii , Klymenko Pavlo , Hula Nadiya
Published: January 2024

Background:

Aging is associated with the slowing down of metabolic processes, diminished
physiological processes, changes in hormonal activity and increasing exposure to oxidative
stress factors and chronic inflammation. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a major
signaling network that plays a pro-homeostatic role in the central and peripheral organs of the
human body. A class of minor lipids, N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), which do not activate cannabinoid
receptors, except for anandamide, but can potentiate the action of endocannabinoids
and have a wide spectrum of biological activity and significant adaptogenic potential, belongs to
ECS. The results of different studies over the past decades have established the protective effect
of NAE on many pathological conditions.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of C18:0
NAE— N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) in aged rats. In this study, we focused on investigating
the effects of C18:0 NAE— N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) on the intensity of oxidative/
nitrosative stress, antioxidant potential, lipoprotein profile and inflammation markers of
blood plasma, phospholipid composition and age-related morphological changes of old rat heart
tissues.

Methods:

The study was conducted on Sprague Dawley male laboratory rats. The three groups of
rats were involved in the study design. The first group consisted of young rats aged 4 months
(n=10). The second (n=10) and third (n=10) groups included old rats aged of 18 months. Rats from
the third group were administered a per os aqueous suspension of NSE at a dose of 50 mg/kg of
body weight daily for 10 days. All groups of rats were kept on a standard vivarium diet. The blood
plasma, serum, and heart of rats were used for biochemical and histological analysis.

Results:

The cardioprotective effect of N-stearoylethanolamine in old rats was established,
which was expressed in the normalization of the antioxidant system condition and the level of
proinflammatory cytokines, positive modulation of blood plasma and lipoprotein profile, normalization
of heart tissue lipid composition, and significant reduction in age-related myocardium
morphological changes.

Conclusion:

The revealed effects of N-stearoylethanolamine can become the basis for developing
a new drug for use in complex therapy to improve the quality of life of older people.
The Prospective Applications of Arising Nanostructured Dielectric
Materials in Storage of Energy: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Swain Suryakanta , Samal Himansu Bhusan , Satpathy Santosh , Jena Bikash Ranjan , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Bashar Sheerin , Barad Sonu
Published: January 2024

Background:

The manufacture and study of innovative materials that enable the availability
of relevant technologies are vital in light of the energy demands of various human activities
and the need for a substantial shift in the energy matrix.

Objective:

A strategy based on the creation of enhanced applications for batteries has been devised
to reduce the conversion, storage, and feeding of renewable energy like fuel cells and electrochemical
capacitors.

Methods:

Conductive polymers (CP) can be utilised instead of traditional inorganic chemicals.
Electrochemical energy storage devices with similar capabilities can be built using approaches
based on the production of composite materials and nanostructures.

Results:

CP's nanostructuring is notable for its concentration on synergistic coupling with other materials,
which sets it apart from other nanostructures that have been developed in the preceding two
decades. This is due to the fact that, when paired with other materials, their distinctive morphology
and adaptability significantly enhance performance in areas like the suppression of ionic diffusion
trajectories, electronic transport and the improvement of ion penetrability and intercalation spaces.

Conclusion:

The present study forecasts the wide-ranging modern applications of diverse
nanostructured dielectric materials along with its future prospectives. The potential contributions of
nanostructured carbon nanotubes to the development of innovative materials for energy storage devices
are also critically discussed in this context, which delivers a summary of the present state of
information on this emerging topic.
Potentials of TPC and TFC as Free Radical Scavengers and Microbial
Growth Inhibitors in Himalayan Endemic Artemisia sieversiana Ehrhl
Ex Willd. (Asteraceae) Plant from Northeastern, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Adil , Rasheed Hassam , Khan Muhammad A. , Bokhari Syed A.I.
Published: January 2024

Background:

In various microorganisms, various defense mechanisms have evolved against the commercially available antimicrobial agents with increased resistance. Natural antimi-crobial agents of plant origin are better alternatives when an infectious disease arises due to resistant microbial strains. Here, we have evaluated the efficacy of total phenolics and total flavonoids with antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Artemisia sieversiana Ehrhl Ex Willd. plant extracted with methanol, ethyl acetate, ethanol, n-hexane, and chloroform using soxhlet procedures

Methods:

The evaluation of TPC was achieved with Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent method and quanti-tative estimation of TFC was done with the aluminum chloride colorimetric method. The antioxi-dant activities were estimated using FRSA-DPPH and TAC methods. The inhibitory activities of five solvent extracts of A. sieversiana against 2 gram-positive and 2 gram-negative pathogenic bac-terial strains (B. subtilis, P. aerogenosa, S. aureus, and E. coli) were evaluated using the well dif-fusion technique.

Results:

The highest percentage yields of A. sieversiana extracts were obtained in ethanol (4.8 g, 12.1%) and methanol (4.01 g, 10%), while minimum extract yield was obtained in n-hexane (0.53 g, 1.34%). Both phenolics and flavonoids were higher in ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate ex-tracts while minimal in n-hexane extracts. Ethanol extract has shown maximum (69%) DPPH ac-tivity with a lower IC50 value (181 μg/ml), while the highest IC50 values of 330 and 325μg/ml were recorded for n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts. The ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts dis-played overall highest TAC values. All the tested extracts of A. sieversiana exhibited variable in-hibitory effects in a dose-dependent manner against the tested bacterial strains with minimum 9.08 ± 0.23 to maximum 21.23 ± 7.04 mm inhibition zones. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts at 2 to 4 mg/ml showed greater MIC results against P. aeruginosa in comparison to the B. subtilis strain.

Conclusion:

The extracts of A. sieversiana have been found to be rich in TPC and TFC with re-markable antibacterial and antioxidant efficacies, and the plant extracts could be employed as pos-sible alternatives to synthetic drugs in various nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.