bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opportunities in using visual IOT in the mitigation for peatland area
Authors: Suhaili W S , Yusop Y , Wan A T
Published: July 2020

Peatland cover over 400 million hectares of the Earth surface. It stores massive amount of carbon pool. They play major roles in accommodating the Earth global warming. But the logging activities from development agriculture site, and housing, has disturbed the ecosystem of peatlands habitat. Thus, urgent action from worldwide is required to protect and restore the peatlands. This includes raising the peat surface water level to avoid drying to mitigate fire. Canal blocking was done as one of the strategies to raise it. However, too high-water level might contribute to another problem, flooding. Hence, continuous monitoring is required to ensure the water level is maintained within the optimum level. This project explains the proposed system for water level detection on peatland areas using visual Internet of things (IoT). In addressing the power consumption issue a mechanism to enable power to be used only when necessary was introduced. This mechanism will only awake the camera when a certain threshold is reached and triggered the camera to capture the image. The proposed system includes the use of Raspberry Pi and camera as device to capture image with integration of Arduino to acquire sensors reading. The image is then processed and finally transmitted over cloud network. The outcome of this project produced camera-based water level detection prototype. The scope for this project is to highlights on Brunei peatland areas located at Badas, Brunei.
Dam Break Analysis of Temenggor Dam Using HEC-RAS
Authors: Shahrim M F , Ros F C
Published: July 2020

Embankment dam is commonly built in Malaysia as it provides benefits to the local population, mainly agricultural activity and flood control measures. However, its massive potential energy reservoir would impose risk of sudden containment breach leading to loss of life and property at inhabited downstream area. This paper deemed to provide a dam break analysis of Temenggor Dam to generate breach hydrograph and inundation map as a result of dam break event under piping and overtopping failure. The Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) is capable to model 1-dimensional (1-D) and 2-dimensional (2-D) dam failure event by utilizing hydrological and terrain information generating unsteady-state flow simulation of the dam breach. The process for gathering and preparing data, estimating breach parameters, creating one dimensional and two-dimensional unsteady-flow model in HEC-RAS, performing a dam failure analysis for two dam failure scenarios and mapping the flood propagation are outlined in this paper. From 1-D analysis, it is found that the breach flow of Temenggor Dam failure can achieve 281,588 m3/s for piping failure and 331,030 m3/s for overtopping failure. 2-D analysis’ breach flow attained 268,341 m3/s and 328,869 m3/s for piping and overtopping failure, respectively. Furthermore, the expected arrival time of flood wave at selected locations also presented in this paper. 1-D model produced comparable breach hydrograph result of Temenggor Dam against 2-D model with the advantage of significantly shorter simulation time requirement. However, 2-D model able to generate inundation map due to dam failure in wider area which can provide insight of flood hazard risk level and contribution for emergency action plan development.
Liquefaction Resistance of Coarse Sand-Fine Mixtures Soil under Two-Way Cyclic Loading
Authors: Othman BA. , Marto A.
Published: July 2020

Soil liquefaction is one of the devastating consequences of earthquake hazards. Extensive study had been carried out to understand the factors affecting liquefaction resistance of sand and sand-fine mixtures, both in the laboratory and in-situ. However, the findings are still incomplete particularly in terms of particle size, grading characteristics and fines content of sand-fine mixtures. Hence, this paper aims to present the cyclic behaviour of coarse sandfine mixtures, in terms of liquefaction resistance under two-way cyclic triaxial loading tests. The cyclic loading tests under undrained condition had been performed with various percentage of kaolin as fines content. The sand-fine mixtures were prepared with 15% relative density and tested under 100 kPa of effective consolidation pressure. The cyclic triaxial loading tests were performed with a typical frequency of 1 Hz to simulate earthquake situation. The results showed that, with the increase of fines content in coarse sand-fine mixtures, the smaller the number of cycles required for the initiation of soil liquefaction. However, the number of cycles to initiate liquefaction increased back when fines content in the mixture was greater than 30%. As 30% fines content gave the lowest liquefaction resistance, this value is known as a threshold value in which it is the transition of sand domination to fines. The liquefaction resistance decreased with the increase of fines until it reached the threshold value but increased with fines content thereafter.
Research on the Incentive Mechanism of China’s Hydrogen Station Development
Authors: Kong Chuiying , Men Feng , Sun Tian
Published: July 2020

The World’s energy problems have promoted the development of fuel cell vehicles; slow construction of hydrogen stations has become a bottleneck of its development. The paper starts from the status of hydrogen station construction, In-depth analysis of the main problems faced by China’s hydrogen station construction, such as, the overall plan is missing, the top-level design is lack, the centralized management is not clear, the approval process is complex, the construction and operation costs is high, enterprises’ burden is heavy, the technical reserves is insufficient, the technical standard is inconsistent and so on. On this basis, the conclusion is drawn about the driving force of China’s hydrogen station construction. National and local cooperation, rapid development of fuel cell vehicles and backward of hydrogenation facility construction promote the development of China’s hydrogen stations.
Application of Image Restoration in On-Line Detection of Optical Element Damage
Authors: Wang Y , Wang L , Xu M
Published: July 2020

With the continuous development of technology, Image processing methods based on computer vision began to shine in the field of image processing. There are many easily damaged optical equipment, traditional off-line detection technology requires analysis of components in optical devices after disassembly. Therefore, offline detection technology cannot guarantee the efficiency of the device, It also affects the cost and life of the equipment. Therefore, the research on the online detection technology of optical component damage has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, an online damage detection method for optical elements based on image restoration is proposed. Then, the whole image and block image are processed by this method to verify the processing effect.
Analysis of optimal allocation of nuclear power based on newsboy model
Authors: Bai Yuntao
Published: July 2020

With the increasing role of nuclear power in energy allocation, the problem of energy waste is very serious. This paper first considers the economic compensation between the government and the nuclear power generation enterprises, the repurchase of redundant power and other policy support methods, and constructs the newsboy model, which provides a reference for the rational generation of nuclear power enterprises. The research shows that the higher the production cost per unit of nuclear power, the smaller the optimal generation capacity of nuclear power enterprises will be. The greater the probability that the power produced by nuclear power enterprises is not not in surplus, the smaller the optimal power generation of nuclear power enterprises is. The more fines are imposed on nuclear power enterprises under the unit power shortage, the greater the optimal power generation of nuclear power enterprises will be. The higher the government’s purchase price for excess power, the greater the optimal power generation of enterprises will be.
Risk assessment framework of geomagnetic storm disaster in long-distance UHV transmission system
Authors: Lin Jiang , Weili Wu
Published: July 2020

Based on the reference geomagnetic field waveform issued by NERC, a fault assessment framework of geomagnetic storm disaster in 750 kV UHV transmission system in China is established. Six factors are considered: geomagnetic latitude, earth conductivity, transformer GIC reactive response, transformer GIC thermal effect, geomagnetic field waveform and wide area geomagnetic storm effect. The research results can provide useful reference for the vulnerability assessment of geomagnetic storms in power system.
Study on Comprehensive Evaluation System and Method of AC-DC Hybrid System
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhang Yan , Liu Mei , Cai Hui
Published: July 2020

With the rapid development of renewable energy worldwide, the electricity from large-scale renewable energy bases is transmitted to load-intensive area by DC transmission lines, forming an AC-DC hybrid system with AC and DC coupling obviously and tightly. Measuring the development level of the AC-DC hybrid system is of great significance for grid construction and power transmission. This paper first establishes a kind of comprehensive evaluation system that reflects both the interaction of AC-DC and the overall system capability. Then the evaluation method combining the three methods of AHP-Entropy-TOPSIS is carried out relatively. Finally the evaluation system and method is applied in the actual grid example. The comprehensive evaluation system and method of AC-DC hybrid system constructed in this paper is of reference significance to power grid planning and operation management.
Analysis of distributed power sources impact on distribution network voltage and reactive power optimization
Authors: Di Gai , Jiaolong Lv , Yu Su , Chuanbo Liu , Yan Li , Lishuai He , Wenjia Zhu , Yongquan Tong , Boyu Shi , Hui Chen , Gang Hou , Yuejun Zhao
Published: July 2020

The grid connection of distributed power sources will greatly change the initial electrical state of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to do scientific research on the impact of grid connection of distributed power sources and take appropriate measures to improve system stability. Two evaluation indexes of average voltage change rate and average voltage fluctuation rate are established to describe the impact of different distributed power grids on voltage. The IEEE 33-node power distribution network is used as a model. The distributed power source is connected to the power distribution network with different capacities and different locations. Based on the calculation results of the power flow, the voltage distribution diagrams of the system under different states are drawn, and a comprehensive analysis is performed according to the formulated quantitative indicators. A genetic algorithm was used to search for the optimal reactive power output of a single power supply connected to the grid.
Analysis of Unbalanced Settlement and Development Proposals of Electric Spot Market Under the Integration of Planned Economy and Market Economy
Authors: Wu Yang , Dai Xiaojuan , Chen Yuguo , Li Xiufeng , Jiang Yan , Gao Daochun , Zhao Zhenyu , Duan Ruiqin
Published: July 2020

Construction of Electric Spot Market has recently begun in China. The coexistence of planned economy and market economy in the electricity market may not change in a short time. Determining the unbalanced funds caused by the settlement of planned economy in the spot market is essential, this paper proposes and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of three settlement methods in the spot market under the integration of planned economy and market economy. This paper emphasizes on the analysis of unbalanced fund caused by the planned economy in the spot market settlement. The different results of one-time and twice settlement of planned economy on unbalanced settlement in the spot market are discussed, and suggestions to the development of Electric Spot Market in China are proposed.
Two-stage scheduling strategy of air-conditioning load participating in PV absorption of distribution network
Authors: Fang Haochen , Wang Qi , Liu Xiaofeng
Published: July 2020

Aiming at the grid operation problems brought by large-scale photovoltaic(PV) connection to the distribution network, this paper proposes a two-stage scheduling strategy for air-conditioning load to participate in the PV absorption of distribution network, considering the schedulable capacity of air-conditioning load. First, in the first stage, in the micro-grid layer, each air-conditioning load aggregator(LA) makes a market bidding based on non-cooperative game to determine the day-ahead scheduling plan according to the plan of PV absorption formulated by the micro-grid operator in the past.; In the second stage, in the distribution network layer, when the micro-grid itself cannot fully absorb the PV power and the power is transferred to the main network, resulting in the voltage overlimit problem in the network, the grid company adjusts the voltage by using the schedulable capacity of air-conditioning load. The simulation results show that the strategy proposed in this paper can not only enhance the utilization of PV power and adjust the distribution network voltage, but also improve the profit of the air-conditioning LAs, reduces the regulation cost of the micro-grid operators and the grid company and has high economic efficiency.
Analysis of hydraulic performance for Kaplan turbine components based on CFD simulation
Authors: Li Yunzhe , Liu Qilin
Published: July 2020

Kaplan turbine is a kind of reaction turbine which is widely used in medium and low head section in China. Generally, flow passage of Kaplan turbine is composed of five components: semi-spiral case, stay vane, guide vane, runner and draft tube. The hydraulic performance of these components has an important impact on turbine efficiency. In this paper, 3D internal flow of about 15 Kaplan turbines is simulated by CFD method, the hydraulic performance of each component is predicted, and the calculation results are statistically analyzed. It can provide reference and direction for the designers involved in the design and research field of Kaplan turbine.
Farmers’ Willingness to Adopt Clean Energy—Survey in Northeastern China
Authors: Li Xuesong , Dong Yaowu
Published: July 2020

Among 1.38 billion people in China, approximately forty-two percent of the population reside in rural areas. Farmers’ willingness to adopt clean energy is crucial to policy makers, planners and business developers as China will begin its Paris Agreement implementation in 2020. For Chinese government, switching energy sources will be a monumental task. To understand farmers’ opinions, 527 farmers were surveyed in Jilin Province of Northeast China, and nearly 83% of them burn coal and dried stalk/straw to heat homes and cook food. Their willingness to adopt clean energy is assessed in four different areas: attitude towards behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and socioeconomic characteristics. A binary logistic regression model is establish with one dependent variable (willingness to adopt clean energy) and twelve independent variables: 1. Quality of life, 2. Monthly expenses, 3. Environment benefits, 4. Government commitments, 5. Appraisal from neighbors and friends, 6. Local clean energy market maturity, 7. Switching costs, 8. Savings in labors, 9. Technical guidance and periodical maintenance instructions, 10. Age, 11. Education level, and 12. Household annual income. Our results indicate that nine variables (X1 – X5, X7 – X9 and X12) have apparent impacts on the farmers’ willingness to adopt clean energies. The impacts from X1, X3 – X5, X8 – X9 and X12 are positive, while that from X2 and X7 are negative. Implications of the results are discussed, along with policy suggestions.
Mechanism Analysis of PV Generation System for Damping Electromechanical Oscillations
Authors: Li Mingxian , Chai Hua , Li Ding , Zhang Yi , Wang Yue , Tang Zhen
Published: July 2020

For physically understanding the dynamic response of a photovoltaic (PV)-based integrated power system for electromechanical oscillation damping, firstly, this paper develops the linear mathematical model of a single machine infinite bus system integrated with PV in the electromechanical time scale. Then, based on the electric torque analysis method and the functional route of active power control (P-control) and reactive power control (Q-control), the key factors and influence laws of the power system inertial effect, damping level and synchronization capability are analyzed. The results show that when the PV operating mode utilizes the rotor speed as feedback signal, the PID controller parameters of P or Q-control loop can affect the damping level, synchronization capability and inertial effect of the power system, respectively. The accuracy of the physical mechanism analysis is verified by MATLAB.
Research on Offshore Short-term Wind Speed Prediction Based on the CSA Modeling Improved by Random Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Jianping , Ji Haipeng , Chen Dong
Published: July 2020

Aiming at improving the prediction accuracy of offshore short-term wind speed, a model based on random cuckoo search algorithm (RCSA) and artificial neural network (ANN) was proposed. Firstly, RCSA was obtained by introducing a random factor to improve CSA, and then a RCSA-ANN model for predicting offshore short-term wind speed was established. Secondly, a wind tower was built in Luchao Port, Shanghai, offshore meteorological data were measured, and the training of the model was carried out. Finally, the precision of RCSA-ANN model was verified by comparison and analysis with BP-ANN and CSA-ANN models. The results show that the improved CSA method is simple, reliable and effective, which solves the problem that the algorithm is easy to fall into local optimum. The average error of RCSA-ANN model is not only lower than that of BP-ANN model, but also much lower than that of CSA-ANN model, and the prediction accuracy of these three models decreases in turn. RCSA-ANN model has high prediction accuracy and can precisely predict fluctuating wind speed sequences, and it also has good application potential.
Analysis of several key factors in soil organic reconstruction
Authors: Chen K H , Zhang Y , Liu Y P
Published: July 2020

Soil organic reconstruction is the core of land engineering. Taking the Hancheng Xiayukou land consolidation project as an example, this paper discusses the application in the reconstruction of organic soil through four key aspects, namely the particle needs, profile reconstruction, soil chemical properties and nutrition support. The results showed that: (1) In searching of reconstruction materials, we should give priority to the soil particle needs; (2) In the soil profile reconstruction level, we should fully consider the local soil and hydrological conditions. In the same time, reasonable structure of profile should be designed guided by the target crop; (3) In the reconstruction process, we should consider the safety of reconstruction materials; (4) According to the target crop demand, we should adjust soil components to provide protection for biological nutrition after soil organic reconstruction.
Analysis on Landscape Ecological Pattern of Fengshan and Surrounding Areas in Yuyao City from the Perspective of Sustainable Development
Authors: Gao Yuanyuan , Zhao Tiezheng , Zhao Yang
Published: July 2020

Taking Fengshan and surrounding areas in Yuyao City as the research object, the map GIS data of the land use status in the study area in the third national land survey data completed in August 2019 was used as the basic data, and using ArcGIS10.5, Fragstats 4.2 and other software for data analysis. This study quantitatively analyzes the landscape ecological pattern in the study area from the aspect of landscape ecological pattern characteristics, and proposes the optimization of landscape spatial layout, which provides a scientific basis for the rational use of land resources and regional sustainable development. The results show that the landscape ecological pattern in the study area is dominated by natural landscapes, with mixed distributions of urban, village, and agricultural landscapes. The urban construction is underdeveloped, and the stability of the landscape ecological pattern is affected during the urbanization process. The rate is lower. The types of landscape patches are relatively rich, and the distribution of each landscape type is even. The rapid urbanization has affected the ecological sustainable development of the study area.
Ecological remediation zoning of territory based on the “Source-Stream-Sink” Coupler: Case study of Liuzhou city, China
Authors: Zhu Ziming , Song Yuanzhen , Qin Menglin
Published: July 2020

Rapidly increasing demand for land and natural resources has produced problems of man-land contradiction and ecological destruction, threatening the ecosystem’s healthy development. Traditional research was often carried out in multiple departments, mainly in ecological remediation projects that have not been inspected by the whole organization system. The master plan formulated by the government department was severely disconnected from the project of local units. No quantitative models have been established to clarify the complex nonlinear relationships between projects, so our cognition of monomer’s ecological remediation and the overall pattern are fuzzy. Coupling ecological source and overall pattern allows us to coordinate the relationship between them and enables us to explore the most efficient ecological remediation solutions. We created the “Source-Stream-Sink” Coupler (SSSC) using ecological security patterns to simulate ecological source and the overall pattern coupling and to explore the integration of the two. SSSC simulates the whole process of land ecological remediation pattern construction. It includes three sub-steps: (1) identifying the “Source” of nature; (2) finding “Stream” act on connections; (3) plotting “Sink” with agglomeration effects. We chose Liuzhou city as a case study research area, verifying SSSC can smoothly operate the whole process from ecological source recognition to pattern construction by conducting field research and data embedding. This allows us to identify an optimal ecological remediation zoning of territory pattern.
Study on Regional Water-Saving Evaluation System Based on Extension Evaluation Method
Authors: Mao Jian-sheng , Mao Jian-rong , Xu Ri-gong , Yu Ya-zhen
Published: July 2020

Insufficient qualitative analysis in regional water-saving system needs to be solved, as it effects the effective implementation of comprehensive evaluation system. Though the unilateral quantitative indicators can be able to make the sure results of the evaluation data, it is short of qualitative index guiding, data monitoring and management. Therefore, the evaluation results lost sufficient convince conditions. This paper puts forward a kind of evaluation index system of regional water based on extension evaluation method. Based on the national water-saving society indicators, a comprehensive evaluation index system of water-saving combining quantitative and qualitative analysis is built, and a comprehensive evaluation quantitative model is established based on the correlation function and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the water-saving cases for Zhoushan City in 2014, 2018 years and Yuhuan County in 2014 years of Zhejiang Province are taken as an example. The evaluation results show that the water-saving condition of Zhoushan City in 2018 year is much better than at 2014 year’s done. And in 2014, both Zhoushan City and Yuhuan County are done in basically same result, but there qualitative and quantitative evaluation results are different because of the geographical environment and size of the area. Thus, feasibility and effectiveness of the method are verified.
Analysis of Soil retention service function in the North Area of Guangdong based on the InVEST model
Authors: Wang Xiuming , Liu Xucheng , Long Yingxian , Liang Wei , Zhou Jian , Zhang Yinbo
Published: July 2020

Based on the InVEST model, the spatial and temporal evolution trends of water and soil conservation service functions in northern Guangdong in the three periods from 2000 to 2018 were evaluated, and the factors affecting the changes and spatial distribution of soil conservation time were further analyzed. The results indicate: (1) The average soil erosion per unit area in the study area in different years is 5.9∼7.6 t/ha•a, 81∼87% of the study area is mild erosion. (2) The amount of soil retention per unit area in the study area increased firstly and then decreased, reaching a maximum of 68.87 t/ha•a in 2010. This change was mainly caused by the difference in rainfall erosivity caused by precipitation. (3) The low-value areas of soil retention in the study area are mainly distributed in the central urban areas of Shaoguan, Qingyuan, Nanxiong Basin and Wengjiang Basin. The high-value areas are mainly distributed in the mountainous areas, such as Dadong Mountain, Qiweishan Mountain, Luoke Mountain, Huashui and Huangsi-nao Mountain. (4) The main factors affecting the spatial difference of soil retention in the study area are land use type, altitude, and slope. Under different land use types, the amount of soil retention per unit area from large to small is woodland> grassland> water area> cultivated land> construction land.
Study on the characteristics of water level during the flood season in the Poyang Lake, China
Authors: Lei Wentao , Ding Bing , Kong Weina , Huang Ping
Published: July 2020

Characteristics analysis on the water level in the Poyang Lake, China during the flood season in 1956-2012 are presented, including the trend test, abrupt change detection and periodic identification. The Mann-Kendall test and Spearman’s rho test were conducted with results showing no significant trend in both the flood season averaged WLs and monthly averaged WLs in the Poyang Lake. The sequential Mann-Kendall test and Pettitt test were carried out and showed no significant abrupt change in trend of WLs as well. Besides, the Morlet continuous wavelet transform was applied to identify the periodic characteristics in trend of WLs. The results indicated that there were three types scale of periodic component, in which the periodic oscillation in 35 years was the first main period of the annual flood season averaged WLs with basically two oscillations, while the periodic oscillation in 11 years and 5 years were the second and third main periods, respectively.
Study on water cycle simulation model of multi-source and multi-functional irrigation area based on SWAT model (I): Principles and construction methods
Authors: Wang Shiwu , Wen Jinhua , Wang Helong , Cui Yuanlai
Published: July 2020

Aiming at the water cycle simulation of multi-sources and multi-functional irrigation area, the coupling relationship between natural water cycle and social water cycle was established based on SWAT model. The methods of sub basins divisions in SWAT model were improved, which were incorporated into the improved SWAT model. The water cycle process of complex water resource system and the response to various human activities in irrigation area were simulated accurately and quantitatively to meet the needs of accurate water resource management.
Building sustainable development environment of exhibition and dealing with waste reasonably
Authors: Yumei Han
Published: July 2020

The waste formed by the special booth and the paper propaganda materials in the trade exhibition has become a serious public hazard. Therefore, the government must formulate laws and regulations to strengthen the management and restriction. The trade association must perfect the existing regulations and formulate new systems, supervise and manage the whole process and enforce them. The participating enterprises must change their ideas and improve their marketing level. The three parties work together to reduce the waste and create a sustainable development environment for the exhibition.
Analysis on Practical Teaching Reform of Undergraduate Major of Agricultural and Forestry Economic Management
Authors: Jianlan Su , Qin Long
Published: July 2020

This paper selected 21 universities and colleges which own the major of agricultural and forestry economic management as samples, analyzed the current situation and the shortages in professional practice teaching systems, proposed that the universities and colleges should scientifically and reasonably design professional practice teaching system, strengthen the training of responsibility consciousness, professional ethics and innovation ability of students, establish a feedback and adjustment mechanism for the practical teaching system of agricultural and forestry economic management, the aim is to meet the needs of agricultural and rural modernization.
Research on China’s renewable energy strategic development strategy from the perspective of sustainable development
Authors: Ying Jian , Wenbo Liu
Published: July 2020

Under the dual pressure of international energy crisis, global warming and environmental deterioration, the construction and development of sustainable energy system has become the focus of social concern. The alternative use of renewable energy will effectively prevent energy depletion, ecological deterioration and control the pace of global warming. The development of renewable energy strategy will effectively resolve the energy resource tension and meet the energy demand of national economic development. On the basis of discussing the serious problems facing the development of China’s renewable energy strategy, this paper expounds the significance of the promotion of renewable energy strategy to the sustainable development of China, and puts forward some suggestions for the development of renewable energy in China.
Green Product Design Considering Consumer’s Income and Environmental Awareness
Authors: Liu Na , Zhang Linghong
Published: July 2020

With the enhancement of consumer environmental awareness, many companies are paying more attention to developing green products with higher environmental quality. In this paper, we study how the consumer’s valuation towards product’s qualities and consumer demand affect manufacturer’s product design and pricing regimes. Assuming there is a monopolist who manufacture products with traditional and environmental qualities and the market is divided into four segments according to consumer’s income level and environmental awareness, we give the optimal closed form solutions of the qualities and prices of products in mass-market and segment-market strategies. Additionally, we discuss the impacts of consumers’ valuation towards products’ qualities and market segments’ size on the total environmental qualities. We find that (i) various parameters, especially consumers’ valuation towards products’ qualities and market share of each segment affect the firm’s choice on market strategies and consequent environmental performance; (ii) green product development does not always increase and may decrease the degree of environmentally friendliness.
Test research of different material made garbage enzyme’s effect to soil total nitrogen and organic matter
Authors: Tong Yujie , Liu Bingguang
Published: July 2020

Garbage enzyme is made from fruit and vegetable wastes. Apple peel, dragon peel and eggplant peel are selected as to ferment for 6 months. The product has many active enzymes and microbiology flora. To research the effect of garbage enzyme to improve soil nutrient, self-made garbage enzyme is diluted in the ratio of 1:800 and irrigated to soil of flowerpot. Soil is irrigated by dilution once in two days for four weeks. Total nitrogen and organic matter are detected once per week. Test method of total nitrogen and organic matter is respectively Kjeldahl method and potassium dichromate method. Total nitrogen and organic matter background are respectively 1.61 g/kg and 24.32 g/kg. The results illustrate that garbage enzyme gradually increase soil total nitrogen and organic matter with the increase irrigation time. Soil sample’s total nitrogen of apple peel, dragon peel and eggplant begin to increase gradually and respectively peaked at 3.17 g/kg, 4.13 g/kg and 4.27 g/kg after 4 weeks irrigation. The content of total nitrogen is classified as the first level (>0.20 g/kg). After 4 weeks irrigation of dilution of garbage enzyme made from eggplant peel, the sample’s organic matter begins to increase gradually and peaked at 49.33 g/kg after 4 weeks. The content of organic matter is higher than background (24.32g/kg) and classified as the first level (>40 g/kg).
Study on the Application of Vegetation Protection and Ecological Restoration Technology in Stone Slope
Authors: Zhang Ming , Hu Dandan , Fan Jin
Published: July 2020

Taking the vegetation protection and greening project of the slopes of Yunan and Jigang quarry in Shenzhen as an example, the ecological restoration effect of the slope vegetation protection is evaluated through the application of vegetation greening protection technology of different soil quality and grade slope as well as the results of slope runoff sand content test and vegetation coverage rate survey. The result shows that:(1) Net planting grasses by spraying sowing technology has an excellent effect on the green protection and ecological restoration of steep soil slope and gentle rock slope, and the vegetation coverage rate is as high as 96%; Geocell external-soil spraying seeding technology has a very good effect on the green protection and ecological restoration of gentle soil slope, and the vegetation coverage rate is up to 99%; The planting slot technology is suitable for green protection and ecological restoration of high and steep rock slope in the quarry, and the vegetation coverage rate is up to 80%. (2) The runoff sand content decreases significantly after the slope is afforested, and the vegetation afforestation reduces the soil erosion by intercepting rain water and fixing soil by roots. (3) Drip-irrigation system is used in slope vegetation protection to achieve the purpose of energy saving, environmental protection and natural landscape integration.
Analysis on Changes of Water Quality in Xuanmen bay due to Construction of Eastern Artificial Lake
Authors: Shichang Huang , xu Liu , Lixiao Chen
Published: July 2020

In this paper, the data of water quality before construction of Xuanmen eastern artificial lake is compared with the data after construction to analyze the change of water quality inside and outside the lake in Xuanmen bay. After the lake was built, the phosphorus remained basically unchanged, and the salinity dropped sharply in the lake, COD increased sharply, and inorganic nitrogen increased more. The lake is close to a freshwater system. According to local requirement for water, inorganic nitrogen has become a pollution factor. the water quality of the seawater outside the lake was stable, and the construction of the lake had no effect basically on the water quality. Basing on regulation of the basin incoming water quality and lake area, a box model is used to predict the water quality change in the future, it will take 5 years to reach 0.5 below of the salinity. To reduce concentration of nitrogen in the lake, the incoming water needs to be treated to reduce the nitrogen, and at the same time, it should be to take biological measures to reduce nitrogen in order to meet local water quality requirements.
The Controlling Effect of Fault Structure on the Development of Shahezi Formation in Xujiaweizi Fault Depression
Authors: Jianghong Dijiaxiang
Published: July 2020

Xujiaweizi fault depression is a dustpan-like fault depression controlled by Xuxi and Songxi faults. Several synsedimentary faults are developed in the fault depression. The different patterns of synsedimentary faults and their related structural characteristics in different periods play an important role in controlling the sequence development and sedimentary filling of the whole Shahezi Formation in the fault depression. Specifically, the lower strata are relatively flat and the sedimentation rate is slow; in the middle, the sedimentation rate increases, while in the periphery of the sedimentary center, the topography gradually sags, and the degree of sag is fast in the early stage and slow in the later stage.
Aldol condensation followed by ozonation to reduce phenolic compounds in coking wastewater
Authors: Wang Y , Yang L H , Chen X , Zhang X , Li G C , Li X B , Chen S
Published: July 2020

To treat the coking wastewater with phenolic compounds over 3000 mg/L, the biological method cannot be directly employed due to the toxicity to microorganisms and other methods are usually expensive. In this study, the aldol condensation followed by ozonation was developed to reduce the phenolic compounds in the wastewater from a coal coking plant in Gansu Province of China. For the aldol condensation reaction, the removal efficiency of phenolic compounds increases with increasing the molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenol (F/P), reaction time, reaction temperature, and acidity or alkalinity. Under alkaline conditions the removal efficiency of phenolic compounds is higher than under acid conditions. If the reaction temperature, reaction time, F/P and pH values of the aldol condensation are respectively 95°C, 3 hours, 2.0 and 10.5, the concentration of phenolic compounds decreases from 9018.3 mg/L to 1901.2 mg/L after precipitation separation of phenolic resins. Subsequently adjusting the pH value to 7 further reduces the concentration of phenolic compounds to 764.7 mg/L. Thereafter 2 hours ozonation further reduces the concentration of phenolic compounds to 22 mg/L, resulting in total removal efficiency of 99.75%. The ozonation removes phenolic compounds with methyl/ethyl substituent on benzene ring easier than phenol.
Study on the evaluation method of operation performance for rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities
Authors: Jin Huang , Junan Wang , Xuelian Zhao , Xiaoxin Zhang , Weili Wei
Published: July 2020

Rural domestic wastewater treatment has become one of the key and main battlefields of China’s sewage treatment industry, the operation performance of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities is directly related to the realization of rural environment comprehensive renovation and rural revitalization strategic planning objectives. This paper expounds the present situation and existing problems of the operation of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities in China, and the necessity of carrying out the research on the evaluation method of the operation performance of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities, and rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities Operation Evaluation Index System Construction, evaluation index calculation method, scoring standards and evaluation methods. It is expected to promote the operation reliability and effectiveness of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities in China through the use of evaluation methods of the operation effectiveness of rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities.
Current Status of Technology and Standards of domestic Solid Waste Incineration in China
Authors: Xiaoxin Zhang , Jin Huang , Ling Lin , Sinan Zhang
Published: July 2020

This paper sorts and analyzes current technologies and standards, as well as existing problems and demands in the domestic solid waste incineration industry in China, in order to further promote the establishment of domestic solid waste incineration standard system in China, standardize key technologies, devices and processes of efficient waste incineration, and promote the manufactry and utilization of advanced equipment, thus providing solid technical support and guarantee for the enhancement of overall performance level and pollutant up-to-standard emission of domestic solid waste incineration industry in China.
Precipitation quality control method based on SFA and phase space local prediction
Authors: Chen X , Tang H S , Kan Y J , Xiong X
Published: July 2020

Most of the quality control applications of hydrological data are based on basic quality control methods such as logical detection, extreme value check and spatial consistency check. Although these methods can detect problem data with large errors, this makes the data lack credibility. Therefore, a single station data quality control method, SFA-WZLM, is proposed in this paper. This method uses slow feature analysis (SFA) to extract external forcing factors for embedding in chaotic local prediction models. Observations from January 1987 to October 2015 was used as the train set, and observations from December 2015 to October 2017 were used as the test set. The results indicate that the method has higher prediction accuracy than the prediction model without embedded external forcing factors, weighted first-order local prediction model (WFLM) and weighted first-order local prediction model (SFA-WFLM) including external forcing factors and exhibited the best quality control error detection. In addition, the method shows good stability in 6 different climates and different terrain stations across the country in China.
Study on the Treatment and Recovery of Acid in Steel Pickling Wastewater with Diffusion Dialysis
Authors: Xiaoyu Wang , Gang Li , Shuo Yang
Published: July 2020

Steel pickling wastewater is taken as the subject. A self-made diffusion dialysis reactor is used to recover the acid in the waste fluid. The volume of the diffusion dialysis reactor is 10L and the effective membrane area of the anion exchange membrane is 150cm2. An investigation is performed for the effects of the initial pH, the initial iron concentration, the diffusion fluid flow ratio and the number of cycles of the solution on the acid recovery efficiency. The test results showed that when the concentration of iron ions in the initial solution is 20g/L, the initial pH is 1, and the liquid flow ratio is1:1.5 (dialysis chamber: diffusion chamber), the recovery rate of acid in the waste fluid can reach a maximum of 56%.
Numerical computation of multi-level intake of diversion project
Authors: Wang Yuehua , Zhong Xiaodai , Wang Bin , Hu Jinchun , Bao Zhongjin , Xu Gang , Liu Yun , Han Xiaowei
Published: July 2020

Multi-level intake of diversion project has the advantage of selective intake. To further understanding of the hydraulic characteristics of this intake, a numerical simulation was carried out by RNG k – ε turbulent model. The parameters of flow pattern and velocity distribution, water head loss, water source stratification are analyzed. Researches show that the local flow shape is complicated. The water head loss coefficient at inlet is in a range of 0.31 to 0.62. The effect of multi-level intake structure is fairly good. The results provide reference for the design and operation of similar engineering.
Structural selection and design analysis of a super high-rise office building
Authors: Zhang Xiaomeng , Liu Wenting , Li Yongxin , Yang Songlin , Liu Xiang
Published: July 2020

A super high-rise building, with a height of 238 meters, 4 floors underground and 50 floors above the ground, exceeds the Class B height limit of the specification, and belongs to an ultra-high over-limit structure. Through the selection of different structural systems, its structural system is determined as the frame core tube structure. This structure uses YJK, SATWE, PKPM-SAUSAGE for structural analysis, uses performance-based methods for seismic design, and the weak parts of the structure are strengthened accordingly. Structural analysis mainly includes elasticity analysis of small earthquakes, elastic time history analysis of small earthquakes, elastic and inflexion analysis of moderate earthquakes, inflexibility analysis of large earthquakes and elastoplastic time history analysis of large earthquakes.
Test Analysis on Drainage Base Mixture of Asphalt Pavement in Cold Area
Authors: Gao Wei , Dong Naibao , Wang Xu , Zeng Mingming
Published: July 2020

Drainage base can effectively maintain the service performance of asphalt pavement structure in cold and humid areas, and improve its service durability. The void ratio of drainage base asphalt mixture shall be more than 20%, and the asphalt content is generally between 3.15% and 3.55%. Five kinds of open graded asphalt macadam mixtures were selected and tested for structural performance, water permeability, mechanical performance and water temperature stability. According to the test results, it is shown as follows. The water permeability coefficient of the five kinds of asphalt mixtures at 15°C was 0.10-0.19cm/s. The ratio of freeze-thaw splitting strength was 72.1%-92.3%. The compressive strength of uniaxial compression test was 4.53-8.91MPa. The compressive modulus of resilience was 794.79-1236.51MPa. The maximum bending tensile strain of beam was 3150-4977με. It has good structural strength, water stability and drainage performance. After 10-50 freeze-thaw cycles, the performance of structural performance index, tensile strain and mechanical index of asphalt mixture is well. The asphalt mixture can be used for drainage of asphalt pavement structure in high-latitude and low-altitude cold area. The recommended suitable layer is the upper base or lower layer of asphalt pavement structure.
Numerical Analysis of the Seismic Response of a Vibration-Isolated Foundation in Deep Water
Authors: Huo Shaolei , Li Xiaojuan , Gong Weiming , Dai Guoliang
Published: July 2020

Natural hazards, such as earthquakes, flooding, hurricanes, and tornados, very often have devastating effects on civil structures, with the consequences of loss of human lives and negative economic impacts. The deepwater vibration-isolated foundation is a new bridge foundation that can prevent bridge damage due to large deformation under strong natural hazards because the laying of a specially designed gravel, sand and other materials between bridge foundation and subgrade can allow the foundation to slide and swing. Taking the main tower foundation of the Rion-Antirion bridge in Greece as an example of a deepwater vibration-isolated foundation structure, the a vibration-isolated numerical model which considers the influence of hydrodynamic pressure and hydrodynamic damping is established to study the seismic response characteristics of this structure to find the optimal vibration-isolated stiffness and damping. It is found that the structure mainly undergoes translational movements under the optimum stiffness and damping isolation conditions.
Analysis on the Application of Architectural Semiotics in Design
Authors: Huang J , Zhou H J
Published: July 2020

In the field of architecture, more and more “symbols” have been introduced into architectural design, enriching the connotation and methods in architectural design, and adding a lot of vitality to architectural design methods. Based on the emergence, development and characteristics of architectural semiotics, this article analyzes the application of architectural semiotics in architectural design in combination with specific practical cases, and discusses the development and significance of semiotics in architectural design.