bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies and Mitigation among Agrarian Communities in North Kordofan, Sudan
Authors: Mohammed Mohammed , Tutu Salih Omer , Adam Hassan Elnour , Koli Alawia Osman , Abdalla Abdalla Nourain Omer
Published: April 2021

The current study was conducted in Bara Locality- North Kordofan - Sudan to assess climate change adaptation and mitigation strategies among agrarian communities. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected by randomly interviewing 150 respondents from ten villages, using questionnaire. Descriptive statistics in SPSS software package and Microsoft Excel were used for data analysis. Results of study showed that agrarian communities, and due to climate change, have enforced to develop ten adaptation strategies suitable for agriculture in dryland conditions. The most adaptation strategies being used by the agrarian communities, are cultivation in different directions locally Sheraik (77%), sowing before rain locally Ramail (77%) and reducing cultivated area as mentioned by 67% of interviewed respondents. In forests sector, around 65 % of the interviewed respondents have been practiced agro-forestry as an adaptation strategy. The interviewees were also able to figure out 6 possible mitigation strategies to stave off climate change effects. These strategies are for example building capacity of agrarian communities (73%) and provision of early mature, high yielding and drought tolerant crops (63%). The study come out with some suggestions in order to pave the way for policymakers to tailor suitable future interventions to mitigate the impact of climate change among agrarian communities.
Fixed point theorems in fuzzy metric spaces for mappings with Bγ,µ condition
Authors: Goswami Nilakshi , Patir Bijoy
Published: April 2021

In this paper we prove some fixed point theorems in fuzzy metric spaces for a class of generalized nonexpansive mappings satisfying Bγ,µ condition. We introduce a type of convexity in fuzzy metric spaces with respect to an altering distance function and prove convergence results for some iteration schemes to the fixed point. The results are supported by suitable examples.
Acerca de «Los ácaros del queso»: el documental como ciencia y como experiencia
Authors: Vallejo Arturo
Published: April 2021

¿Tiene el documental tiene una posición privilegiada sobre la representación de la realidad? Detrás de esta pregunta hay una larga tradición de debate teórico que se ha enfocado sobre todo en la imagen documental o en las intenciones del autor. Hasta ahora, pocos la han enfocado desde el espectador. Este trabajo toma como caso el corto científico «Los ácaros del queso» (1903), filmado por Charles Urban y Francis Martin Duncan utilizando la técnica del microbioscopio para mostrar que las técnicas con las que los autores captaron el mundo real no obstaculizan el nexo ontológico entre lo representado y su representación. Abordo la relación entre la imagen documental y la realidad a partir de dos posiciones teóricas: el trabajo de Ian Hacking sobre la representación científica y el modelo fenomenológico de Vivian Sobchack. Con base en estas reflexiones propongo que si bien la cadena de interacciones técnicas que van de la cámara hasta el objeto representado permite establecer el nexo entre imagen y realidad, son las expectativas del espectador las que permiten establecerlo de manera definitiva.
Alexander Kluge:
Authors: Vaca Vázquez Luis
Published: April 2021

Este artículo académico propone un rastreo histórico y conceptual en torno a la influencia de la crítica filosófica adorniana en el cine de Alexander Kluge y en el nuevo cine alemán. También incorpora algunos aspectos de la teoría cinematográfica, la filosofía y la crítica de la cultura. Además, presenta una cronología histórica de las obras cinematográficas ligadas al nuevo cine alemán para analizar el eco del pensamiento de Theodor Adorno en la pantalla grande.
Crates: «El cine como herramienta para el estudio histórico:
Authors: Pascual Gutiérrez Iris
Published: April 2021

Uno de los rasgos más destacables de la sociedad mexicana en los años inmediatamente posteriores al final del movimiento estudiantil de 1968 fue la profunda crisis de la movilización política universitaria. Consideramos que el análisis histórico de películas como Crates (Alfredo Joskowicz, 1970) permite un mejor entendimiento de esta realidad. Elaborada en medios universitarios (fue producida por el CUEC de la UNAM) esta obra incluiría una visión esencialmente desencantada de la juventud urbana de clase media, que en gran medida derivaría del contexto político-social posterior a Tlatelolco.
Benicio del Toro
Authors: Mora Catlett Juan
Published: April 2021

Entrevista realizada al destacado actor, discípulo de Estella Adler, de origen puertorriqueño reconocido por películas como Licencia para matar (1989), Sospechosos comunes (1996), así como Traffic, de Steven Soderbergh (2000), por la que fue premiado con el Oscar al mejor actor de reparto y 21 gramos, de Alejandro González Iñárritu (2003).
El amor en fuga
Authors: Oppenheimer Jean , Torres Santiago
Published: April 2021

Reseña técnica sobre la fotografía de la película de Guillermo del Toro, La forma del agua, en la que Dan Laustsen ASC, DFF, ilumina las profundidades de la romántica y peculiar criatura acuática. La película es un cuento de hadas para adultos, una historia de amor que mezcla fantasía, drama, intrigas de la era de la Guerra Fría, películas de monstruos serie B y musicales hollywoodenses blanco y negro. Se trata de la tercera colaboración entre el cinefotógrafo Dan Laustsen, ASC, DFF, y el director Guillermo del Toro.
Invitación al viaje
Authors: López Monroy Manuel
Published: April 2021

Reseña editorial

Impresionismo en cine y pintura: orígenes, vanguardias, contemporaneidad, Orlando Merino y Jaime García Estrada, Centro Universitario de Estudios Cinematográficos : UNAM, México, 2018; 464 páginas. ISBN 978-607-30-1020-7
La ñerez del cine mexicano, de Jorge Ayala Blanco
Authors: Riquer Sonia
Published: April 2021

Reseña editorialLa ñerez del cine mexicano, Jorge Ayala Blanco, Escuela Nacional de Artes Cinematográficas : UNAM, México, 2019; 304 páginas.ISBN 978-607-30-1678-0
MODIFICACIÓN DE UNA MEZCLA ASFÁLTICA TIPO III ADICIONANDO POLVO DE CAUCHO DE NEUMÁTICOS USADOS, MEDIANTE UN PROCESO HÚMEDO
Authors: Ortiz Carlos
Published: April 2021

Se analizó una mezcla asfáltica tipo III adicionando polvo de caucho de neumáticos usados, mediante un proceso húmedo, con el propósito de conocer la influencia del polvo de caucho reciclado, en las deformaciones de una mezcla asfáltica que pueda ser usada en la pavimentación mediante capas o briquetas. Para llevar a cabo este fin se caracterizó el polvo de caucho por medio de un análisis granulométrico empleando el método estadístico de distribución normal; se analizó el comportamiento dinámico de la mezcla asfalto-caucho por el método Marshall establecido en la Norma COVENIN 2000-87 para carreteras; determinándose el porcentaje adecuado de caucho en la mezcla modificada. Para ello, se establecieron porcentajes de caucho de 5, 10 y 15 % en masa, a 150ºC y 170ºC, respectivamente. Se obtuvo una granulometría de 1,6 mm de diámetro, la cual fue empleada para los análisis contemplados en la norma, obteniendo que a 5% de adición de caucho a una temperatura de 170ºC resultó una mezcla con mejores propiedades tales como: aumento de la flexibilidad, retardo de la aparición de fisura y aumento de la impermeabilidad.
Optimization of Culture Conditions for Protease Production using Three Strains of Bacillus
Authors: Morabandza Cyr Jonas , Dibangou Valentin , Mabika Faly Armel Soloka , Gatse Elgie Viennechie , Ngoulou Tarcisse Baloki , Itsouhou Ngo , Nguimbi Etienne
Published: April 2021

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of a few external factors on bacterial growth and the production of enzymes with a proteolytic effect in three strains of Bacillus: CMS5 (Bacillus subtilis), CMS4 (Bacillus sp.) and SPo5 14′ (Bacillus velenzensis) isolated from squashes packed in traditionally prepared cassava leaves, but also to determine the best source of carbon and nitrogen. All three strains have the ability to actively degrade milk casein. The strains were grown in Luria Bertani medium and the suspension from the cell culture was used to measure optical density and demonstrate enzyme activity on a petri dish containing skim milk. Several parameters were verified including the influence of temperature, pH, and carbon and nitrogen source on growth and enzyme production. Growth was possible from 25 to 60°C with an optimal temperature of 30°C after 24 hours. Enzyme production was observed from 25 to 55°C with an optimum at 37°C. For pH, growth and enzyme production was possible from pH 5.7 and 9 with an optimum of 7 in all three strains. Among the sources of carbons used, galactose is the best source for growth after 24 h in all three strains, and starch for production. Among nitrogen sources, Bacto-peptone is best for growth as well as production.
Current Promising Therapeutic Targets for Aspergillosis Treatment
Authors: Srivastava Shweta , Maurya Neha Shree , Kushwah Shikha , Mani Ashutosh
Published: April 2021

Aspergillosis is a fungal disease caused by different species of Aspergillus. They live in soil,dust and decomposed material. Number of Aspergillus species found till now is about 300 and more are still to be identified. Only few Aspergillus species can cause human disease and the most common species for human infection is Aspergillus fumigatus, which is a ubiquitous airborne saprophytic fungus. Severity of the disease ranges from an allergic response to life-threatening generalized infection. They grow optimally at 37°C and can grow upto 50°C. The fungal conidia are being constantly inhaled by humans and animals everyday normally gets eliminated by innate immune mechanism. Due to increasing number of immunocompromised patients, severe and fatal Aspergillosis cases have augmented. Currently, available antifungal drug for the treatment of Aspergillosis act on these three molecular target are 14 alpha demethylase for Azoles, ergosterol for Polyene and β-1,3-glucan synthase for Echinocandin. These antifungal drug show high resistance problem and toxicity. So, it is high time to develop new drugs for treatment with reduced toxicity and drug resistant problem. Synthesis of essential amino acid is absent in human as they obtain it from their diet but fungi synthesis these amino acid. Thus, enzymes in this pathway acts as novel drug target. This article summarizes promising drug targets presents in different metabolic pathway of Aspergillus genome and discusses their molecular functions in detail. This review also list down the inhibitors of these novel target. We present a comprehensive review that will pave way for discovery and development of novel antifungals against these drug targets for Aspergillosis treatment.
Perioperative Glycemic Management for Patients with and without Diabetes
Authors: Ruzycki Shannon Marie , Harrison Tyrone , Cameron Anna , Helmle Karmon , McKeen Julie
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTPeople with diabetes are at an increased risk for worse postoperative outcomes, compared to people without diabetes. Notably, up to one in 10 people who undergo surgery have unrecognized diabetes and an additional 10% may have postoperative hyperglycemia without meeting the criteria for a diagnosis of diabetes. Management of postoperative hyperglycemia has been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of poor outcomes, but evidence demonstrates that postoperative hyperglycemia remains a quality gap for surgical patients. In this review, we will outline the evidence for preoperative screening for postoperative hyperglycemic risk, review the evidence for perioperative glycemic management, and examine the barriers to these best practices.
RÉSUMÉLes personnes atteintes de diabète courent un risque accru de voir leurs résultats postopératoires moins bons que ceux des personne non atteinte de diabète. En particulier, près d’une personne sur dix qui subit une intervention chirurgicale présente un diabète non diagnostiqué et dix pour cent supplémentaires peuvent présenter une hyperglycémie postopératoire sans pour autant répondre aux critères de diagnostic du diabète. Il a été démontré que le traitement de l’hyperglycémie postopératoire réduit l’incidence des mauvais résultats, mais les données probantes montrent que l’hyperglycémie postopératoire demeure une lacune chez les patients opérés. Dans cette revue, nous présentons les données probantes relatives au dépistage préopératoire du risque d’hyperglycémie postopératoire, nous passons en revue les données probantes relatives à la gestion de la glycémie périopératoire et nous examinons les obstacles à ces meilleures pratiques.
Preoperative Natriuretic Peptides in Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Duceppe Emmanuelle , Durand Madeleine
Published: April 2021

Cardiac risk evaluation is a central component of most preoperative evaluation of adults undergoing noncardiac surgery. Many tools are available for preoperative cardiac assessment including cardiac risk scores, electrocardiogram, cardiac imaging, and cardiac stress tests. Biomarkers, and more specifically natriuretic peptides, have also been found to provide additional value for preoperative cardiac risk stratification and their routine use in at-risk patients have been recommended in recent perioperative guidelines.
 
RÉSUMÉL'évaluation des risques cardiaques est un élément central de la plupart des évaluations préopératoires des adultes subissant une chirurgie non cardiaque. De nombreux outils sont disponibles pour l'évaluation cardiaque préopératoire, notamment les scores de risque cardiaque, l'électrocardiogramme, l'imagerie cardiaque et les tests d'effort cardiaque. On a également constaté que les biomarqueurs, et plus particulièrement les peptides natriurétiques, apportent une valeur supplémentaire pour la stratification du risque cardiaque préopératoire et leur utilisation systématique chez les patients à risque a été recommandée dans de récentes lignes directrices périopératoires
A experiência clínica influencia na capacidade de alunos para o diagnóstico de alterações dentoalveolares utilizando exames radiográficos intraorais?
Authors: Adams Hilgert Eduarda , Dias da Silveira Heraldo Luis , Boessio Vizzotto Mariana , Da Silveira Tiecher Priscila Fernanda , Assein Arús Nádia
Published: April 2021

Mastery of interpretation of radiographic images is a contributing factor in correct diagnosis of conditions affecting the dentoalveolar apparatus. It is therefore essential that students’ perfect these skills while studying for their degrees. Once they embark upon their professional careers outside of the university setting, it is expected that the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience accumulated during the course of their studies will have led to improved diagnostic performance. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate diagnoses made using intraoral radiographs by undergraduate students at a School of Dentistry in the South of Brazil, before and after their introduction to clinical practice. Materials and methods: Diagnoses made during the second (T0) and fourth (T1) years of the undergraduate course in dentistry using interproximal and periapical radiographs were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were calculated and the McNemar test was used to compare answers at T0 and T1. Results: Fifteen students answered questionnaires at both T0 and T1. The overall percentage of correct answers was 70.5% at T0 and 61.6% at T1, with a significant difference (p = 0.024). Discussion: This study highlights the need for educational strategies that improve diagnostic competence during undergraduate clinical activities, since radiographic examinations are essential in all areas of dentistry. Conclusions: Therefore, it was concluded that the rate of correct diagnosis of dentoalveolar disorders by intraoral radiography decreased significantly after the initial years of clinical training.
Efeito da apresentação comercial de ácido clorídrico para técnica de microabrasão na perda de estrutura e superfície do esmalte
Authors: Da Silva Pâmela Lopes Pedro , Maciel Patricia Pereira , Martins Lídia Batista Conrado , Münchow Eliseu Aldrigui , Lacerda-Santos Rogério , De Carvalho Fabíola Galbiatti , Carlo Hugo Lemes
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The microabrasion technique can be performed using a commercially available paste, or the dentist can prepare it in his office. Objective: To verify the effect of hydrochloric acid commercial presentation in the handling of microabrasion paste on the enamel surface. Methodology: Bovine incisors were divided into two groups, according to the commercial presentation of 10% hydrochloric acid (liquid or gel). The treatment was carried out through ten applications of 10 s duration each, intercalated with a 10s wash. Twenty teeth (n=10) were used to determine the loss of enamel structure. Each sample was weighed on an analytical balance before and after submission to microabrasion. Another 20 teeth (n=10) were used to determine the average surface roughness (Ra) using a rugosimeter. Three samples from each group of the previous experiment were selected, randomly, and another three additional samples were repared as a control (baseline) for SEM analysis. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the final and initial mass and the surface roughness of the samples, regardless of the acid commercial presentation. In the SEM images, a regular surface was observed for the control group (baseline). In the other images, there was a surface with considerable irregularity and a slight dissolution of the enamel. Conclusions: The treatment carried out.
Promoção da saúde bucal e o idoso
Authors: Paz Torquato Lucinei , Berger Schmidt Debora
Published: April 2021

Introduction: For the year 2050, the estimate is to have more than two billion people over the age of 60 worldwide. This projection of population aging highlights the importance of assessing the oral health of the elderly and, consequently, highlighting the role of public policies and the dental surgeon in health promotion in this context. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to approach the main oral changes that occur in the elderly and the importance given to this by public policies. Discussion: The literature emphasizes the national health policy of the elderly and the duty of the professional to promote the quality of life while preserving the autonomy and functional independence of the patient. Conclusion: Several public policies ensure the rights guaranteed to people aged 60 years or older regarding whole health care for the elderly. However, much needs to be done for them to benefit and have full access to this service. Therefore, it’s the dental surgeon’s responsibility to bring awareness to this reality and need.
Fibrolipoma em cavidade oral - Relato de caso
Authors: Coimbra Emerson Lucas da Silva , Corrêa William Napolitano , Leite Ana Flávia Schueler de Assumpção , Lourenço Simone De Queiroz Chaves , Rocha Monica Lage da , Silva Júnior José De Assis
Published: April 2021

Fibrolipoma is a benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of mature adipose cells separated by broad bands of dense fibrous connective tissue. This pathology is a microscopic variant of lipoma and can affect any part of the body. However, its occurrence in the oral cavity is uncommon. It is usually a smooth-surface lesion, asymptomatic, slow-growing, pedicled, asymptomatic, yellowish or pinkish color when deeper, soft on palpation, occurring mainly in the jugal mucosa. Thus, the aim of this paper is to describe the main clinical, histopathological and treatment characteristics of a clinical case of fibrolipoma. A 67-year-old female patient, leukoderma, had a normochromic, asymptomatic, firm palpation nodule, fibrous consistency, and smooth surface, with a time course of approximately two years, located in the left jugal mucosa. The diagnostic hypotheses were lipoma, fibroma, mucus extravasation phenomenon and giant cell fibroma. The patient underwent excisional biopsy and histopathological examination revealed the definitive diagnosis of fibrolipoma. The patient is in preservation, with no sign of relapse. It is concluded that, although fibrolipoma is a benign lesion, its growth can reach large dimensions, reinforcing the need for surgical excision. It should also emphasize the importance of histopathological examination to differentiate histopathological variations of lipoma.
Bioeconomía: análisis bibliométrico en América Latina y el Caribe
Authors: Perea Mosquera Lindy Neth , Gaviria Arias Duverney , Barrera Rodríguez Ana María
Published: April 2021

This article offers a vision of how Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have adopted the principles of the bioeconomy in the last two decades with different levels of socio-economic impact. The analysis was carried out with 706 publications obtained from the SCOPUS database between 2003-2020. The results allowed us to identify that in LAC, there are capacities for the development of the bioeconomy; however, these potentialities are disparate at the country level. It was identified that the three countries that most promote the development of this issue are Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico. The structural analysis of the bioeconomy work showed a high rate of cooperation between LAC institutions with institutions in North America, Asia, and Europe. The relevance of the bioeconomy in LAC is highlighted as an alternative for growth with emissions decoupling, contributing to productive diversification, especially in the agricultural and agro-industrial sectors. The potential of (agro) ...
Empoderamiento de los caficultores en los municipios de Risaralda y Caldas a través de las tecnologías de la información : una encuesta
Authors: Ramírez Aristizábal Catalina , Vivas Fuentes Leandro , Blandón Fernández Juan Carlos , Arbeláez Fernández Simón
Published: April 2021

Coffee cultivation is one of the mainstays for Colombian economy since it is known at international level due to its superb quality. In order to cultivate coffee, it is needed the existence of people and processes that allow them to obtain a top-notch product by using best practices. Also, it is necessary to talk about the empowerment that coffee-farmers have in order to improve, somewhat, the processes for their economic benefits to be greater, and how technology can contribute to this empowerment so that it grows and better results are achieved. The specialized literature in South America is limited in regard to the use of agriculture; however, some research in the south of Asia was found in the field of technology application in agriculture, and how the foregoing might support people’s empowerment towards their crops. This job aims for cknowledging the level of coffeefarmers’ empowerment that use information technologies in some municipalities of Risaralda and Caldas in Colombia. ...
Efectos agudos de la aplicación del Dynamic Tape® sobre el rendimiento de salto vertical: un estudio de caso
Authors: Baena Marín Mateo , Gómez Rodas Alejandro , Bonilla Diego A. , Isaza Velásquez Luis Enrique , Baculima López Anthony
Published: April 2021

Different types of neuromuscular tapes have led to no consensus about its benefits on muscle performance. Unlike kinesiology and rigid tapes, Dynamic Tape® has different composition and properties with unknown effects on performance. The aim of this exploratory-type case study was to report the acute effects of dynamic tape® application on vertical jump performance. Material and methods: Using a test-retest methodology, a case study was carried out in two 21-year-old, healthy and physically active women. Flight time, jump height and muscle power were evaluated by squat jump and countermovement jump tests using a contact mat, before and after the application of dynamic tape® on quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscles. Single and double taping were also used in different combinations. Results: Improvements of up to 10.8% on flight time, 22.6% on jump height and 8.9% on muscle power were observed for squat jump after the application of dynamic tape®. Conclusions: This preliminary and explo ...
Cratílo: un estudio sobre el lenguaje en platón. Tesis doctoral
Authors: López Juan Manuel
Published: April 2021

This paper gives an overview of what was a long doctoral thesis process. Its results, implications and consequences arising from the academic exercise carried out over more than 7 years make up the centerpiece of this text. The results contain different exercises of writing and they are the central focus of the text. In the same process the results are evident at the level of directed theses, creation and participation in academic events as well as other products. These aspects are undoubtedly constitutive of the academic philosophy’s work and that, therefore, help to the institution (Technological University of Perira) in diferent ways such as the Graduate Program in Philosophy and the Master Program to establish itself as a leading program with its research group in Ancient Philosophy.
Detecting climate signals in populations across life histories
Authors: Jenouvrier Stephanie , Long Matthew C. , Coste Christophe , Holland Marika , Gamelon Marlène , Yoccoz Nigel , Sæther Bernt-Erik
Published: April 2021

Climate impacts are not always easily discerned in wild populations as
climate change occurs in the context of natural variability.
Furthermore, species responses to climate change and variability differ
among life histories. The time of emergence (ToE) identifies when the
signal of anthropogenic climate change can be quantitatively
distinguished from noise associated with natural variability. This
concept has been applied extensively in the climate sciences, but has
not yet formally been explored in the context of population dynamics.
Here, we present a theoretical assessment of the ToE of climate-driven
signals in population dynamics (ToEpop) to detect climate signals in
populations. We identify the dependence of ToEpop on the magnitude of
climate trends and variability and explore the demographic controls on
ToEpop. We demonstrate that different life histories (fast species vs.
slow species), demographic processes (survival, reproduction) and
functional relationships between climate and demographic rates, yield
population dynamics that filter trends and variability in climate
differently. We illustrate empirically how to detect the point in time
when anthropogenic signals in populations emerge from the envelope of
natural variability for a species threatened by climate change: the
emperor penguin. Finally, we propose six testable hypotheses and a road
map for future research.
Preoperative and Intraoperative Culture Results of Patients with Chronic Otitis Media; Is Culture Swab Reliable?
Authors: baylan müzeyyen yıldırım , Yılmaz Ümit , Kınış Vefa , Özcan Nida , akpolat nezahat
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the culture antibiogram
results of samples obtained directly from the middle ear and/or mastoid
cells in the operating room, and from the external auditory canal in the
outpatient. Methods: This study was conducted between 2016-2018 in
Microbiology and Otorhinolaryngology Department. Swab cultures were
obtained through the external ear canal preoperatively in outpatients.
Middle ear swabs and mastoid granulation tissue were collected
intraoperatively, respectively. Demographic datas, bacterial
identifications and antibiotic susceptibilities were compared in both
groups. Results: Two hundred thirty eight patients with chronic otitis
media were enrolled in the study. Out of the 238 cases, 86 patients had
negative culture results. P. aeruginosa (n=44), Coagulase Negative
Staphylococcus (n=33), S. aureus (n=27), Proteus mirabilis (n=16) and E.
coli (n=10) were the most common grown bacteria in both groups. Most
common identified groups were Gram-positive bacteria (n=92),
non-fermenter Gram-negative bacteria (n=55) and Enterobactericeae
(n=42). Gram-positive cocci were higher in outpatient group, whereas
Enterobactericeae were higher in intraoperative group
(p<0.05). Antibiotic susceptibilities of P. aeruginosa and S.
aureus were found to be lower especially in the preoperative group (p
<0.05). Conclusion: P. aeruginosa was the most common bacteria
in both preoperative and intraoperative cultures and high ciprofloxacin
resistance of the isolates were remarkable. Although contamination is an
issue in samples collected from the external ear canal of outpatients
using cotton swabs, similar microorganisms grew in outpatient and
intraoperative cultures
Biotic interactions are more important at species’ warm vs. cool range-edges: a synthesis
Authors: Paquette Alexandra , Hargreaves Anna
Published: April 2021

Predicting which ecological factors constrain species distributions is a
fundamental question in ecology and critical to forecasting geographic
responses to global change. Darwin hypothesized that abiotic factors
generally impose species’ high-latitude and high-elevation (typically
cool) range limits, whereas biotic interactions more often impose
species’ low-latitude/low-elevation (typically warm) limits, but
empirical support has been mixed. Here, we clarify three predictions
arising from Darwin’s hypothesis, and show that previously mixed support
is partially due to researchers testing different predictions. Using a
comprehensive literature review (886 range limits), we find that biotic
interactions, including competition, predation, and parasitism,
influenced species’ warm limits more often than species’ cool limits. At
cool limits, abiotic factors were consistently more important than
biotic interactions, but temperature contributed strongly to cool and
warm limits. Our results suggest that most range limits will be
sensitive to climate warming, but warm limit responses will depend
strongly on biotic interactions.
Comparative Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Remdesivir monotherapy and its Combination of Lopinavir/Ritonavir in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Boshra Marian , saeed haitham , Warda Ahmed E. Abou , Sarhan Rania
Published: April 2021

Objectives: The treatment of COVID-19 infection remains a challenge
because till now, there is no approved therapy for it. This study aimed
to estimate the difference in the therapeutic efficacy and safety
between remdesivir as monotherapy and its use in combination with
lopinavir/ritonavir provided with standard supportive care. Methods:
This is a prospective randomized cohort study included 1043 adult
patients with confirmed moderate and severe COVID-19 infection.
Treatment of all patients followed Egyptian Ministry of Health COVID-19
protocol as the first group received IV remdesivir 200 mg on day 1,
followed by 100 mg once daily, for 5 days while the second group
received lopinavir/ritonavir 400/100 mg twice daily, for 5 days with the
same remdesivir regimen in the first group. All laboratory and clinical
parameters were assessed before and after treatment duration. Results:
There was no significant difference related to improvement parameters
such as laboratory data and improvement time between the two groups. On
the other hand, hepatotoxicity of the second group (combination) was
significantly higher compared with that of the first one. The elevation
on liver enzymes was affected by the severity of the disease, the severe
cases showed a high enzyme elevation rate. Conclusion: Remdesivir as
monotherapy and its use in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir is
effective in the management of moderate COVID 19 subjects than severe
cases. The combination of remdesivir with lopinavir/ritonavir is not
recommended due to the increased hepatotoxicity effect.
Repeated measurements with unintended feedback
Authors: Gill Richard D.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. An econometric analysis of consumer research data
which hit newspaper headlines in the Netherlands illustrates almost
everything that can go wrong when standard statistical models are fit to
the superficial characteristics of a data-set with no attention paid to
the data generation mechanism.

Author: Richard D. Gill, Mathematical Institute, Leiden
University, The Netherlands; email address: gill@math.leidenuniv.nl.
Statistical Analysis of Electric Power Distribution Grid Outages
Authors: Diamenu Godwin
Published: April 2021

Power systems in general supply consumers with electrical energy as economically and reliably as possible. Reliable electric power systems serve customer loads without interruptions in supply voltage. Electric power generation facilities must produce enough power to meet customer demand. Electrical energy produced and delivered to customers through generation, transmission and distribution systems, constitutes one of the largest consumers markets the world over. The benefits of electric power systems are integrated into the much faster modern life in such extent that it is impossible to imagine the society without the electrical energy. The rapid growth of electric power distribution grids over the past few decades has resulted in a large increment in the number of grid lines in operation and their total length. These grid lines are exposed to faults as a result of lightning, short circuits, faulty equipment, mis-operation, human errors, overload, and aging among others. A fault implies any abnormal condition which causes a reduction in the basic insulation strength between phase conductors or phase conductors and earth, or any earthed screens surrounding the conductors. In this paper, different types of faults that affected the electric power distribution grid of selected operational districts of Electricity Company of Ghana (ECG) in the Western region of Ghana was analyzed and the results presented. Outages due to bad weather and load shedding contributed significantly to the unplanned outages that occurred in the medium voltage (MV) distribution grid. Blown fuse and loose contact faults were the major contributor to unplanned outages in the low voltage (LV) electric power distribution grid.
FEATURES AND IMPORTANCE OF SYSTEMATIZATION OF NORMS ON RECONCILIATION IN PROCEDURAL CODES
Authors: NOSYREVA E.I. , FILCHENKO D.G.
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the new provisions of procedural legislation in the aspect of systematization of norms on reconciliation. As the features of this systematization, it is indicated that it was carried out in the form of codification, is of a complex nature, affects not only procedural codes, but also other regulations. The authors reveal the significance of the systematization of the norms on reconciliation. In general, the integration of conciliation procedures into legal proceedings shifts the paradigm of judicial activity from confrontation between the parties to their cooperation, which corresponds to the development trend of procedural legislation in many countries. In practical terms, the new rules are aimed at enhancing the activities of the court and participants in the process towards the peaceful settlement of disputes. The informative and cognitive value of the new provisions on conciliation procedures for practicing lawyers, as well as the need to change educational programs for the training of lawyers in relevant disciplines, is noted. It is concluded that the new legal regulation of conciliation procedures is important for the development of the doctrine. Foundations for the integration of law and other humanitarian and social sciences related to conflicts and their termination. As a result of the systematization, further development of legislation on conciliation procedures and the doctrine of alternative dispute resolution is predicted.
ARBITRATION PROBLEMS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: JUDICIAL CONTROL AND ENGLISH LAW. THE VIEW OF A PRACTICAL
Authors: MONASTYRSKY Yu.E.
Published: April 2021

This article sets out the author’s vision of the role, reasons for ineffective interaction between arbitration and the judicial system in the Russian Federation. It provides relevant eloquent statistics, reveals the essence of the negative factor affecting the national market of legal services. The article argues the thoughts and recommendations for correcting the current situation. In 2016, there was an arbitration reform in the Russian Federation, with the objective of creating the arbitration centers corresponding to the world standards, not in a declarative order, as before, but in a permissive procedure. More than two thousand centers were removed from the market, most of which did not act on an independent basis, but as a tool in corporate wars or administrative subordination within holdings or groups of companies. The five new arbitration centers that have received certification have good potential for the development of arbitration in the Russian Federation. However, the number of disputes heard by these arbitration courts is extremely small. It is 0.1% of all civil cases of an economic nature, considered by state courts. The reason for this is the crusty way of thinking of judges, who still do not trust arbitration, and the rigidity of our judicial system. This article attempts to provide information on the English law products and its influence. Critical judgments are expressed about the merits of English law in disputes related to Russian assets.
FEATURES OF MODERN CODIFICATION OF CIVIL PROCEDURAL LEGISLATION
Authors: GILAZOV I.I.
Published: April 2021

This article is devoted to the modern codification of civil procedural legislation of the Russian Federation. The author substantiated the necessity to intensify work on the determination of unified procedural mechanisms in various types of legal proceedings and the necessity to conceptual unification of legislation. The ultimate goal of unification is the adoption of a single codified normative legal act regulating civil procedural relations. In particular, the study points out the objective necessity, at this stage, of scientifically and practically grounded, deliberate, gradual and progressive actions for the conceptual unification of legislation, the ultimate goal of which is the adoption of a single codified normative legal act regulating civil procedural relations. At the same time, the unity of the legal regulation system will depend primarily on the extent to which all the features of various types of legal proceedings are identified and taken into account. Particular attention should be paid to judicial practice: both courts of general jurisdiction and arbitration courts.
AUTONOMY OF FAMILY RELATIONS AND CIVIL PROCEDURE
Authors: YAKUSHEV P.A.
Published: April 2021

The article examines the ontology of the autonomy of family relations and its impact on the independence of family law as a branch of law. It is proved that the independence of family law as a branch of law, due by the nature of family relations and their autonomy, determines the need to regulate family relations by an independent codified normative legal act containing material norms of law. Thus, it is concluded that the branch autonomy does not determine the existence of a separate system of courts for the settlement of disputes connected with application of norms of law and an independent justice. Since all family disputes can be considered by courts of General jurisdiction within the existing types of legal proceedings (claim proceedings, special proceedings, writ proceedings), the creation of specialized family courts in the Russian Federation is impractical. However, for the proper consideration and resolution of family disputes, based on the specifics of their subject composition, the subject of dispute, the nature of relationships, degree of procedural activity of the court, it is necessary to supplement Civil procedural code of the Russian Federation separate chapters containing the rules governing the procedural peculiarities of consideration of some categories of family disputes.
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Published: April 2021

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ANALISIS FORMAL LUKISAN ANDI IAN SURYA
Authors: Muklisin Muklisin , Triyanto R.
Published: April 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil Analisis formal lukisan  karya Andi Ian Surya. Analisis formal yakni melanjutkan inventarisasi deskriptif dengan mengumpulkan bukti-bukti untuk mengarahkan penafsiran karya dengan pertimbangan kebaikannya. Lukisan merupakan karya seni yang proses pembuatannya dilakukan dengan memulaskan cat dengan alat lukis.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh lukisan karya Andi Ian Surya yang diciptakan dari tahun 20013 sampai tahun 2018 sebanyak 500 karya. Sampel dalam penelitian sebanyak 6 karya. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik Warna dalam karya lukis dari Andi Ian Surya yaitu menggunakan rentangan warna-warna murni agar kecerahan lukisan tetap terjaga, dengan pemanfaatan warna panas untuk bagian terang dan skema warna dingin untuk bagian gelap. Adapun menggunakan hitam dan putih hanya digunakan saat finishing untuk membuat bagian paling gelap dan terang.Goresan karya lukis karya dari Andi Ian Surya yaitu ekspresif- impresionis dengan goresan yang kasar dan tidak beraturan namun membentuk objek yang digambar. Tekstur dalam karya lukis Andi Ian Surya terdapat pada bagian tekstur nyata karena lukisan tersebut jika diraba maka akan sangat kasar permukaannya. Gelap terang pada lukisan karya Andi Ian Surya dihasilkan dari warna, tekstur dan kontras pada lukisan sehingga menimbulkan gelap-terang.Komposisi pada karya lukisan Andi Ian Surya menggunakan komposisi radial dan asimetris.Kata Kunci: analisis, formal, lukisan.AbstractThis study aims to describe the results of the formal analysis of paintings by Andi Ian Surya. Formal analysis, namely continuing descriptive inventory by gathering evidence to direct the interpretation of the work with consideration of its goodness. Painting is a work of art whose manufacturing process is done by daubing paint with a painting tool. The population in this study are all paintings by Andi Ian Surya, created from 20013 until 2018, totaling 500 works. The sample in this study were 6 works. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. The results of the study show the characteristics of the colors in the paintings of Andi Ian Surya, namely using a range of pure colors so that the brightness of the painting is maintained, by utilizing hot colors for the bright parts and cold color schemes for the dark parts. . The use of black and white is only used when finishing to make the darkest and brightest parts. Scratches by Andi Ian Surya are expressive-impressionists with rough and irregular strokes but forming drawn objects. The texture in Andi Ian Surya's painting is in the real texture section because if the painting is touched it will be very rough on the surface. The dark light in Andi Ian Surya's paintings is produced from the colors, textures and contrasts in the paintings, giving rise to darkness. The composition in Andi Ian Surya's painting uses formal radial and asymmetric compositions.Keywords: analysis, formal, painting.
KARAKTERISTIK DESAIN HIBRIDA PADA KOMIK 7 WONDERS KARYA METALU
Authors: Lubis Fenny Rahmawati , Budiwiwaramulja Dwi
Published: April 2021

AbstrakKomik Jepang menjadi salah satu kiblat untuk referensi dalam membuat komik khususnya komik manga. Tidak sedikit komik Indonesia yang sangat kental dengan unsur manga hingga sulit membedakan komikus Jepang dengan komikus Indonesia bila hanya di lihat dari bentuk visualnya. Selain menggarap style gambar manga jepang, tak sedikit komikus-komikus Indonesia yang menghibridakan karakteristik pada desain karakter visual Indonesia. Sepeti pada salah satu komik Indonesia yaitu komik 7 Wonders. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui identitas dari desain karakter visual yang di hibrida pada salah satu komik Indonesia yaitu komik 7 Wonders. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode deskriptif kualitatif yaitu dengan menguraikan masing-masing objek yang akan diteliti. Hasil temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakter yang memiliki unsur hibrida paling menonjol adalah pada karakter bidadari 7 Wonders. Desain karakter visual pada karakter tujuh bidadari 7 Wonders telah mengalami deformasi dan pengabungan dua atau lebih identitas visual, baik pada busana maupun pada karakter figurnya. Identitas hibrida pada desain karakter visual yang digunakan di busana tujuh bidadari 7 Wonders yaitu berasal dari Indonesia, Jepang, Arab, Turki, India, Inggris era Victoria dan Romawi Kuno.Kata Kunci: desain karakter, hibrida, komik, busana.AbstractJapanese comics become one of the mecca for reference in making comics, especially manga comics. Not a few Indonesian comics are so thick with manga elements that it is difficult to distinguish Japanese comics from Indonesian comics if only viewed from their visual form. In addition to working on the style of Japanese manga drawings, not a few Indonesian comic artists have displayed characteristics on Indonesian visual character designs. A case in one of the Indonesian comics that is 7 Wonders comics. This study aims to determine the identity of a hybrid visual character design in one of the Indonesian comics, namely the 7 Wonders comics. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method approach that is by describing each object to be studied. The findings of this study indicate that the characters that have the most prominent hybrid elements are the 7 Wonders angel characters. The visual character design of the seven Wonders 7 nymphs has been deformed and the combination of two or more visual identities, both in fashion and in the character figure. The hybrid identity in the visual character design used in the fashion of the seven Wonders 7 nymphs is originating from Indonesia, Japan, Arabia, Turkey, India, the Victorian era and Ancient Rome.  Keywords: character design, hybrids, comics, clothing
PRINSIP SENI RUPA DALAM MENGGAMBAR ORNAMEN MELAYU
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Erdansyah Fuad
Published: April 2021

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan siswa dalam menerapkan prinsip-prinsip seni rupa, yang meliputi prinsip kesatuan, keseimbangan, irama, proporsi, dan kontras, dalam menggambar ornamen Melayu dengan teknik patron atau mal oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Talawi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan penerapan prinsip-prinsip seni rupa masih kurang benar dalam pembuatan ornamen melayu, keseimbangan yang terdapat dalam pembuatan ornamen belum menunjukan hasil yang maksimal, juga dalam prinsip proporsi belum menunjukan struktur bagian yang akurat antara bagian- bagian ornamen dan hasil teknik patron dalam pembuatan ornamen Melayu dengan menggunakan prinsip-prinsip seni rupa cenderung masih kurang rapi dan masih terlihat kasar dalam pewarnaan dan kerapian pada ornamen Melayu terlihat dari sisi garis tepi ornamen masih berantakan. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah hasil ornamen Melayu dengan menggunakan prinsip-prinsip seni rupa yang dihasilkan oleh siswa kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Talawi. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa ornamen Melayu dengan teknik patron, yaitu dengan metode menggunakan cetakan, dengan memakai prinsip-prinsip seni rupa, dengan hasil tidak begitu baik.  Kata Kunci: prinsip, seni rupa, menggambar, ornamen.AbstractThis research aims to know the ability of students to apply the principles of fine arts, which include the principles of unity, balance, rhythm, proportion, and contrast, in drawing Malay ornaments with patron or mall techniques by Grade XI Students of Sma Negeri 1 Talawi. The results of this study show the application of the principles of fine art is still not correct in the manufacture of Malay ornaments, the balance contained in the making of ornaments has not shown maximum results, also in the principle of proportion has not shown the accurate structure of the parts between the ornaments and the results of patron techniques in the making of Malay ornaments using the principles of fine art tend to still be less neat and still look rough in coloring and neatness on malay ornaments seen from the side of the outline ornaments are still messy. The object of this research is the result of Malay ornaments using the principles of fine art produced by grade XI students of Sma Negeri 1 Talawi. The results explained that Malay ornaments with patron techniques, namely by using molds, using the principles of fine art, with not so good results.Keywords: principles, fine art, drawing ornaments.