bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Histological characterization and morphological alterations in gill and digestive gland in non-native bivalve from the Province of Buenos Aires: spatial and seasonal evaluation
Authors: Otegui Mariana B. Paz , Fiori Sandra M. , Menechella Agustin G. , Santos Eder Paulo Dos , Gimenez Juliana
Published: July 2023

The objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate morphological alterations and cell and tissue composition of the gill and digestive gland in Magallana gigasfrom urbanized areas with different degrees of human activity over one year. For that, the height of the plicas and filaments of the gill and the tubule epithelium area were measured, the ratio of cell-type and tissue composition analyzed of the digestive gland as well as alterations in the pattern of structural organization in these organs were assessed. The specimens were collected in November 2021, and February, May and August 2022 from two representative sampling sites of distinct anthropic pressures in the coastal area of Buenos Aires Province: Arroyo Parejas (AP, 38° 55’ S, 62° 04’ W) and Pehuén-Có (PC, 39° 01’ S; 61° 32’ W). The results of the morphological parameters, ratio of cell-type, tissue composition and histological alterations of Magallana gigas showed difference between the studied urbanized areas and seasons, suggesting a negative relationship between intense human activity and the health of the gills and digestive gland of the Pacific oyster. Understanding the gill and digestive gland morphology of Pacific oysters, as well as their response to varying levels of human activity in the study region, could help mitigate the impacts of this non-native species.
A rational probiotics combination improves oral health in animal model
Authors: Nie Qingqing , Wan Xuchun , Yang Qianqian , Zhao Xueyang , Liu Haixia , Tao Hua , Luo Yanan , Shu Ting , Geng Ran , Fan Fengkai , Liu Zhi , Gu Zhijing
Published: July 2023

Background
The oral cavity is the second most microbially rich region of the human body, and many studies show a strong association between microorganisms and oral health. Some pathogenic bacteria produce biofilms and harmful metabolites in the mouth that may cause oral problems including oral malodour, periodontitis, and dental caries. Interestingly, intervening with oral microbiota through probiotics may alleviate oral problems. Thus, we hope to obtain probiotics that can significantly improve oral health through multi-target screening.
Results
We found that Bifidobacterium animalis ZK-77 (B. animalis ZK-77), Lactobacillus salivarius ZK-88 (L. salivarius ZK-88) and Streptococcus salivarius ZK-102 (S. salivarius ZK-102) can enhance the antibacterial ability and inhibit biofilm production to prevent tooth caries. Besides, they were of significant capacity for improving the indicators of oral malodour including the production of H2S, NH3, and indole. The selected probiotics intervening suggested that they could alleviate the inflammatory situation in the oral cavity of rats with periodontitis, especially L. salivarius ZK-88. The analysis of the alveolar fluid microbiome after probiotic intervention showed that B. animalis ZK-77 was likely to help restore the oral microbiota and maintain the oral microecology. Then, we rationally matched the candidate probiotics strains with prebiotics to obtain a combination with a better effect, and found that the probiotics combination has a significant effect on improving halitosis and teeth color in cats. Through whole genome sequence analysis of the candidate strains, we found that neither strain had virulence genes, which revealed the safety of them.
Conclusion
Taken together, we screened B. animalis ZK-77 and L. salivarius ZK-88 that can improve oral health and verified their functions through in vivo and in vitro experiments. This work provides some reference for clinical research and also provides new support for the use of probiotics in oral health.
Predictive accuracy of boosted regression model in estimating risk of venous thromboembolism following laparoscopic radical surgery in pharmacological prophylaxis-naïve men with prostate cancer
Authors: Leong Chie Hui , Ranjan Sushil , Javed Anna , Al-Saeedi Basim , Nabi Ghulam
Published: July 2023

Background
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potentially life-threatening but preventable complication after urological surgery. Physicians are faced with challenges of weighing the risks and benefits of thromboprophylaxis given scanty evidence for or against and practice variation worldwide.
Objective
The primary objective of the study was to explore the possibility of a risk-stratified approach for thromboembolism prophylaxis following radical prostatectomy.
Design, setting and participants:
A prospective database was accessed to cross-link venous thromboembolism events in 522 men who underwent minimally invasive prostatectomy between February 2010 to October 2021. A deterministic data linkage method was used to record events through electronic systems. Community Health Index (CHI) numbers were used to identify patients via the electronic health records. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics such as age, comorbidities, Gleason staging, and readmission details accrued.
Outcomes
VTE within 30 days and development of risk-stratified scoring system. All statistical analysis was performed using R-Statistical Software and risk of VTE within 30 days of surgery was estimated via gradient-boosting decision trees (BRT) model.
Results and limitations:
1.1% (6/522) of patients developed deep veins thrombosis or pulmonary embolism within 3-months post-minimally invasive prostatectomy. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the body-mass-index (p = 0.016), duration of hospital stay (p < 0.001), number of readmissions (p = 0.036) between patients who developed VTE versus patients who did not develop VTE. BRT analysis found 8 variables which demonstrated relative importance in predicting VTE. The receiver operating curves (ROC) was constructed to assess the discrimination power of new model. Model showed an AUC of 0.97 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.945,0.999). for predicting VTE. Single centre study is a limitation
Conclusions
The incidence of VTE post-minimally invasive prostatectomy in men who did not receive prophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin is low (1.1%). The proposed risk scoring system may aid in identification of higher risk patients for thromboprophylaxis.
FMR1 allelic complexity in premutation carriers provides no evidence for a correlation with age at amenorrhea
Authors: Rodrigues Bárbara , Sousa Vanessa , Yrigollen Carolyn M. , Tassone Flora , Bejarano Olatz V. , Allen Emily G. , Glicksman Anne , Tortora Nicole , Nolin Sarah L. , Nogueira António J. A. , Jorge Paula
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to assess FMR1 gene allelic complexity in female premutation carriers using a previously validated mathematical model and correlate with age at amenorrhea. FMR1 CGG and AGG number and pattern results were obtained from distinct publications, however, age at amenorrhea was available in only one of these studies. Approximately 4.7% were alleles with no AGGs, with the 30 CGG allele being the most frequent among the normal-sized alleles (39.1%). Ninety-seven different AGG interspersion patterns were identified, and despite the presence of two AGG interruptions in vast majority, the most common patterns varied between (CGG)10AGG(CGG)9AGG(CGG)9 and (CGG)9AGG(CGG)9AGG(CGG)9. Interestingly, the two most common patterns in set 2, (CGG)11AGG(CGG)10AGG(CGG)7, and (CGG)10AGG(CGG)10AGG(CGG)7 are absent from samples from other studies. No statistically significant difference in the allelic scores of the premutated alleles was observed between samples from the different publications. Correlation of the allelic score of each allele revealed two distinct complexity behaviors. In a covariance analysis, there was an inverse relationship between logarithmic models resulting from these samples and those of the reference set previously published by our group. This result supports a more robust model including observations from larger cohorts, showing that the mathematical model can be used in premutated samples. The use of the allelic scores combinations, despite the absence of correlation with age at amenorrhea, has the potential to positively impact several parameters that drive female infertility, namely Fragile X-associated Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (FXPOI) development, ovarian dysfunction and hormonal levels.
Comparative genomics analysis of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains from a community
Authors: Li Yini , Liu Xin , Chen Lingzhi , Shen Xiao , Wang Haihong , Guo Ruiyu , Li Xiang , Zhou Yingshun , Fu Li
Published: July 2023

Background Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multidrug resistant (MDR) opportunistic pathogen with high resistance to most clinically used antimicrobials. The dissemination of MDR S. maltophilia and the difficult treatment of its infection in clinical settings are global issues.
MethodsTo provide more genetic information of S. maltophilia and find a better treatment strategy, we isolated five S. maltophilia, SMYN41-SMYN45, from community in China which were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity testing, biofilm formation assay, and whole-genome sequencing. And the whole genome sequences have been compared with other twenty-five S. maltophiliasequences.
ResultsThese five S. maltophilia strains had similar antibiotic resistance profiles that were resistant to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and macrolides. They conferred similar antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, including various efflux pumps, β-lactamase resistant genes (blaL1/2), aminoglycosides resistant genes [aac(6'), aph(3'/6)], and macrolide resistant gene (MacB). Genome sequencing analysis revealed that SMYN41-SMYN45 belonged to sequence type 925 (ST925), ST926, ST926, ST31, and ST928, separately, and three new STs were identified (ST925, ST926 and ST928).
ConclusionsThis study provides genetic information by making a comparison of genome sequences of several S. maltophilia isolates from community and various origins, expecting to optimize antibiotic use for patient treatment and contributing to the worldwide efforts of tackling antibiotic resistance.
A theoretical analysis of rotating electromagnetohydrodynamic and electroosmotic transport of couple stress fluid through a microchannel
Authors: Siva Thota , Jangili Srinivas , Kumbhakar Bidyasagar
Published: July 2023

The study of bio-fluids in rotating microfluidic platforms is becoming much more significant, hence it is important to discuss the non-Newtonian fluids in such environments. This paper analytically investigates the hydrodynamic characteristics of combined electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) and electroosmotic flow (EOF) transport of non-Newtonian fluid through a rotating microchannel with Navier-slip boundary conditions at the walls. The couple stress fluid model is considered a non-Newtonian fluid in the flow domain. The linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation is considered inside the electric double layer (EDL). The modified Stokes equation is governed by a combined imposed magnetic and electroosmotic flow field. Analytical expressions are obtained for electrical potential, flow velocity, and volume flow rate in the channel using suitable boundary conditions. The results obtained in this study are compared with those published in the literature from two different perspectives and found excellent matching in both cases. The dependence of rotating electromagnetic flow velocity and flow rates on appropriate parameters is explained. It is found that the rotational flow velocity displays an opposite pattern when the couple stress parameter and electric field intensity parameters are varied due to the influence of channel rotation. It is also found that the secondary flow rate ratio is amplified with the Hartmann number and slip length parameter, due to the stronger impact of the non-Newtonian behaviour than the Newtonian situation on the volume flow rate at a relatively higher rotational value. The findings of this study may aid in the design and analysis of practical thermal micro/nano-equipment for transporting biofluids.
Comparison of 3D and 2D cultures for evaluating the effect of combination therapy with Erlotinib and Imatinib on Glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Rashidi Rasoul , Hadjighassem Mahmoudreza , Negahdari Babak
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common brain tumor with aggressive phenotypes and resistance to treatments. Erlotinib and Imatinib, combined, hold promise as innovative therapies to overcome GBM's heterogeneous malignancy. This study conducted experiments in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures, comparing them to the in vivo microenvironment.
Methods
The study measured the effects of Imatinib and Erlotinib on the survival of 2D and 3D cell cultures and apoptosis after 24 and 48 hours (h) post-treatment using MTT assay and flow cytometry. The study also investigated gene expression of Bcl-2 and VEGF using qRT-PCR. The scratch test was used to explore drug treatments' effects on cellular migration.
Results
Based on our results, combination therapy reduced tumor cell migration by reducing Bcl-2 and VEGF gene expression through Erlotinib, Imatinib, or combination therapy. However, combination therapy showed a more significant reduction in B-cl2 gene expression than single therapy, as opposed to VEGF expression. The apoptotic effect of combination therapy was confirmed, with an increase in death percentage in the 48h-3D treated group (*P < 0.05 for monotherapy and ***P < 0.001 for combination).
Conclusion
3D culture offers a more physiological environment for studying oncolytic drug effects. In a 3D in vitro study, combination GBM therapy caused significant apoptosis, requiring further preclinical model studies.
Parental impressions and perspectives of efficacy in prenatal counseling for single ventricle congenital heart disease
Authors: Houlihan Taylor Hartzel , Combs Jill , Smith Elizabeth , Coulter Elizabeth , Figueroa Lucia , Falkensammer Christine , Savla Jill , Goldmuntz Elizabeth , Degenhardt Karl , Szwast Anita , Shillingford Amanda , Rychik Jack
Published: July 2023

Although commonly performed, optimal techniques, strategies, and content to achieve the most effective prenatal counseling have not been explored. We investigate the efficacy of prenatal counseling via survey feedback of parents of children with prenatally diagnosed single ventricle. Grades of counseling using a Likert scale (1–5) were solicited to assess: 1) overall impression of quantity of counseling, 2) explanation of the heart defect, 3) preparation for heart surgery, 4) preparation for hospital course and care, 5) preparation for complications and outcomes of a Fontan circulation, and 6) preparation for neurological, school related or behavioral problems. Impressions were solicited concerning specific providers. A comprehensive fetal counseling score was calculated for each participant. Burden of care including length of hospitalization was explored as impacting prenatal counseling grades. There were 59 survey respondents. Average age of the children at the time of survey was 4.6 ± 3.3 years (range 1–10 years). Highest grades were for explanation of the heart condition, with lowest grades for preparation for neurological, school related or behavioral problems. Cardiac surgeon received the highest with social worker lowest grade for provider. Negative correlation was found between the composite fetal counseling score and parental recollection of length of hospitalization (Pearson r = − 0.357, p < 0.01). Prenatal counseling for neurological, school related and behavioral problems in single ventricle is deficient. Further studies analyzing prenatal counseling techniques and content, can help improve upon the delivery of this important aspect of prenatal care.
Spatial Heterogeneity in Population Health Impacts and Vulnerability to Compound Climate Hazards: Extreme Heat and Wildfire Smoke in California
Authors: Chen Chen , Schwarz Lara , Rosenthal Noam , Marlier Miriam , Benmarhnia Tarik
Published: July 2023

Extreme heat and wildfire smoke events are increasingly co-occurring in the context of climate change, especially in California. Extreme heat and wildfire smoke may have synergistic effects on population health that vary over space. We leveraged high-resolution satellite and monitoring data to quantify spatially varying compound exposures to extreme heat and wildfire smoke in California (2006–2019) at ZIP code level. We found synergistic effects between extreme heat and wildfire smoke on cardiorespiratory hospitalizations at the state level. We also found spatial heterogeneity in such synergistic effects across ZIP codes. Communities with lower education attainment, lower health insurance coverage, lower income, lower proportion of automobile ownership, lower tree canopy coverage, higher population density, and higher proportions of racial/ethnic minorities are more vulnerable to the synergistic effects. This study highlights the need to incorporate compound hazards and environmental justice considerations into evidence-based policy development to protect populations from increasingly prevalent compound hazards.
Cryptic carbon: The hidden carbon in forested wetland soils
Authors: Stewart Anthony , Halabisky Meghan , Babcock Chad , Butman David , D'Amore David , Moskal Ludmilla
Published: July 2023

Inland wetlands are critical carbon reservoirs storing 30% of global soil organic carbon (SOC) within 6% of the land surface. However, forested regions contain SOC-rich wetlands that are not included in SOC maps, which we refer to as ‘cryptic carbon’. To demonstrate the magnitude of cryptic carbon, we map SOC as a function of a continuous, upland-to-wetland gradient across a large catchment. Total catchment SOC was comparable to global SOC maps but wetlands delineated by our approach contained 1.7 ± 0.3 TgC compared to 0.3 ± 0.2 TgC in currently mapped wetland SOC. Cryptic carbon, the wetland SOC outside of currently available maps, was 1.5 ± 0.3 TgC or 383% higher than the current estimates. When combined, the new total wetland SOC including cryptic carbon increased to 1.8 TgC ± 0.5 or by 483%, highlighting vast stores of SOC are not mapped and contained in unprotected and vulnerable wetlands.
Skin Adhesive Tapes are an effective wound closure method for Percutaneous Vertebral Body Stenting, A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Cassie , Qiu Theophilus , Soh Chee Cheong Reuben , Yang Youheng Ou
Published: July 2023

Background:
Percutaneous Vertebral Body Stenting (VBS) is performed via a balloon-expandable metallic stent introduced through a stab incision to reduce and maintain the reduction of vertebral body fractures and minimise bone cement extravasation. The delivery of the balloon and stent involves a larger skin incision, soft tissue trauma and pedicle bore tract compared to traditional vertebroplasty (PVP) systems (4.7mm vs 2.59mm diameter), thus increasing the risk of bleeding and wound complications. Skin Adhesive Tapes (SATs) are a common method of wound closure for PVP. This study aims to evaluate the use of SATs in closure of larger VBS wounds.
Methods:
A retrospective cohort of patients who underwent percutaneous VBS (DePuy Synthes, USA) was obtained from electronic medical records at a tertiary hospital from May 2019 to March 2021. Data was collected for wound closure method (conventional non-absorbable suture, SAT), number of operative levels, postoperative skin-related complications, wound dehiscence, wound infection, bleeding, symptomatic haematomas and return to operating theatre. At follow-up post-discharge, the wounds were reviewed for complete healing and unsightly scarring requiring wound revision. SAT closure was performed by applying 3 strips of SATs to loosely oppose the wound edges.
Results:
36 patients were identified with 45 levels of VBS performed. 3 (8.3%) patients received conventional suture closure, 33 (91.6%) received SAT closure. Conventional suture closure was performed due to ongoing bleeding at the wound site for 2 patients who had coagulopathy. The remaining patient received a planned suture closure in view of surgical expediency as part of a staged procedure.
Greenhouse Cell
Authors: Amr Gasser , Tarek Ali
Published: July 2023

A solution has been discovered to address the problem of
generating energy from alternative sources of greenhouse gases, taking
into account design requirements such as low cost, environmental
friendliness, and high efficiency. The experiment involved the utilization
of chemical reactions to transfer electrons, thereby generating electrical
energy while simultaneously reducing carbon dioxide levels. Carbon
dioxide was employed as a catalyst in this experiment, yielding
remarkable results. The electrical energy produced was measured using an
ammeter, and it was found to be close to 1 volt, thus meeting the desired
requirements of the solution. Throughout the experiment, diluted and
unconcentrated materials were utilized to assess their effectiveness. This
sustainable solution, which aligns with the mission to mitigate the impact
of climate change and pollution, can be presented to the world. The
energy generated through this method holds significant potential for
global implementation, given that energy serves as the backbone of our
modern society. By promoting the adoption of this solution, societies can
reduce their reliance on traditional energy sources and embrace a more
environmentally conscious approach. Furthermore, the utilization of
alternative sources of greenhouse gases contributes to the overall
reduction of air, soil, and water pollution. In summary, an experiment has
been conducted to generate electrical energy from alternative sources of
greenhouse gases. The results demonstrate the viability of this approach,
offering a sustainable solution that addresses the challenges faced by
governments worldwide. The presentation and implementation of this
solution on a global scale can pave the way for a cleaner, more energy-efficient future.
Risankizumab: a real-world Israeli data in severe refractory IBD patients
Authors: Shitrit Ariella Bar-Gil , Israeli Eran , Koslowsky Binyamin , Ben-Bassat Ofer , Ledder Oren , Weisbrud Amir , Zinger Adar , Israel Ilana , Rosalind Goldenberg , Mazuz Betty , Gil Yoel , Horin Shomron Ben , Goldin Eran , Lahat Adi
Published: July 2023

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a life-long, relapsing disease. Since resistance mechanisms are often developed, the landscape of IBD treatments is rapidly expanding. Risankizumab (Skyrizi®), an antibody targeting the p19 subunit of IL23 was shown effective in phase 3 trials for CD.
Aim: Since real-world data is scarce, we present herein a 52 week follow-up data on 33 patients with severe refractory disease who have received risankizumab as a compassionate treatment.
Methods: Prospective Israeli multicenter study on moderate-to-severe refractory IBD (28 CD, 5 UC) who received Risankizumab (IV 600-1800mg at 0, 4, 8 weeks; then SC 180 or 360mg every 8 weeks) for up to 52 weeks.
Results: 33 patients refractory to all available biologics agents were included. At week 12, there was a significant reduction in Harvey Bradshaw index (HBI) for CD and in CRP values vs. week 0 (10±6.5 to 4.9±4.2, p=0.016; 3.8±3 to 1.56±1.5, p=0.002, respectively). Mayo score for UC was also reduced (6.7±2.5 to 3±2, p=0.044, both doses, n=4). Moreover, 10/16 (62.5%) of the 180mg dose and 3/12 (25%) of the 360mg dose group achieved clinical remission, all steroid free. Additionally, 13/16 (81.3%) of the 180mg dose and 5/12 (41.7%) of the 360mg dose achieved clinical response. 4/5 UC patients showed clinical response on week 12. No serious adverse events were reported.
Conclusion: Our real-world cohort shows that risankizumab holds a great therapeutic promise, even for patients with resistant disease refractory to multiple biologics.
Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies Novel Pathogenic Variants in TGM1 and ALOX12B in Patients with Hereditary Ichthyosis
Authors: Chegini Mitra , Eslami Maryam , Motavaf Mahsa , Sadeghi Omeed Memar , Hoseini Azadeh , Torab Elnaz , Hoseininasab Fatemeh , Amiri Hosna , Ramandi Somayeh , Mostofinezhad Niusha , Keivani Fataneh , Ghaffari Saeed Reza , Rafati Maryam
Published: July 2023

Background
Hereditary ichthyosis is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder of keratinization, characterized by cutaneous hyperkeratosis of the skin. Mutations in over 50 genes have been identified to be associated with hereditary ichthyosis. Establishing an accurate diagnosis is important for genetic counseling and patient management.
Objective
We aimed to assess the clinical applicability of whole-exome sequencing (WES) in the molecular diagnosis of hereditary ichthyosis.
Methods
During a 1-year period, index cases of 5 unrelated families clinically diagnosed with hereditary ichthyosis went through WES, followed by extensive segregation analysis to assess the pathogenicity of the detected variants, and prenatal diagnosis, where indicated.
Results
In this case series, we identified 2 homozygous variants (c.655A > G and c.797A > G) and one heterozygous (c.428G > A) variant in TGM1 and 2 homozygous variants (c.527 + 2T > G and c.1654G > T) in ALOX12B, 4 of which were novel. The variants were all pathogenic/likely pathogenic according to the ACMG classification and segregation analysis, except for c.797A > G in TGM1 which was a variant of unknown clinical significance. Prenatal diagnosis was performed in Family 1 with c.655A > G in TGM1 and Family 2 with c.527 + 2T > G in ALOX12B.
Conclusion
Our findings further support that WES is an effective diagnostic tool for the accurate and rapid identification of causative variants in hereditary ichthyosis.
The WE-RISE TM Multidomain Intervention: A feasibility study for the potential reversal of cognitive frailty in Malaysian older persons from lower socioeconomic status
Authors: Murukesu Resshaya Roobini , Shahar Suzana , Subramaniam Ponnusamy , Rasdi Hanif Farhan Mohd , Nur Amrizal Muhammad , Singh Devinder Kaur Ajit
Published: July 2023

Background: There is a lack of evidence regarding cognitive frailty (CF) and its potential reversibility with a multidomain intervention among older persons. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the WE-RISE™ multidomain intervention in addressing the potential reversibility of CF among community-dwelling older persons from lower SES and to determine if WE-RISE™ is of low cost.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out over 24 weeks among older persons with CF from lower SES. The experimental group (n=27) received the WE-RISE™ intervention comprising 12 weeks of instruction, community-based intervention and 12 weeks of WE-RISE™@Home, while the control group (n=28) received usual care. CF status, cognitive, physical, nutrition, disability, health-related quality of life, exercise self-efficacy and depression statuses were assessed at baseline and at the 12thand 24thweeks. Changes in CF status were analyzed descriptively, while intervention effects were analyzed with split plot ANOVA. The cost of the WE-RISE™ intervention was calculated using activity-based costing.Results: Within the experimental group, 74.1% and 63% of the participants were no longer cognitively frail at the 12thand 24thweeks, respectively, and significant intervention effects were observed for cognition, physical function, body composition, disability, health-related quality of life and self-perceived exercise self-efficacy (p<0.05) following participation in WE-RISE™. The cost per intervention session was RM4.06 (≈USD0.90), and the cost per subject for 48 sessions was RM194.74 (≈USD43.39).Conclusion: The WE-RISE™ multidomain intervention may have the potential to address the reversible nature of CF, is of low cost, and can contribute significantly to the overall well-being of older adults while ensuring equitable access to healthcare. Trial registration: This trial was registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619001055190) on the 29th of July 2019 – retrospectively registered.
FRW universe in f (G, T ) gravity with time dependent deceleration parameter
Authors: Tiwari Rishi Kumar , Shukla Bhupendra Kumar
Published: July 2023

In this study, we explore specific categories of f (G, T) gravity, which hold promise in terms of their ability to explain phenomena such as dark energy and the inflationary epoch. Our aim is to examine the general formalism and illustrate how various evolutions related to inflation and dark energy can be accounted for within the framework of f (G, T) gravity. We propose a unified model where f (G, T) gravity governs both early and late-time dynamics, leading to inflation and the dark energy phase, while resembling ordinary Einstein-Hilbert gravity during an intermediate era. The specific expression we consider for the f (G, T) theory is f (G, T) = G + mG 2 + nT , where m and n are free parameters. To solve the field equation, we utilize a specialized formulation of the deceleration parameter, represented as q = α + βH, where α and β being model parameters. We then determine the optimal values for these model parameters by fitting them to the latest observational datasets, including 57 data points from the Cosmic Chronometers datasets, Pantheon datasets, and BAO datasets.Furthermore, we analyze the physical behavior of cosmographic parameters corresponding to the constrained values of the model parameters, as well as the energy density and pressure. The evolution of the deceleration parameter predicts a transition from a decelerated phase to an accelerated phase of the Universe. Remarkably, our f (G, T) cosmological model effectively describes the observed cosmic acceleration in the late-time universe, thereby eliminating the need to introduce a dark energy component in the field equations.
A case of human diarrhea caused by Gallibacterium anatis: a case report
Authors: Wang Huixuan , Wu Fei , Han Haixia , Zhao Jianhua , Mao Liping
Published: July 2023

Background
Gallibacterium anatis (G. anatis) is a gram-negative bacterium of the Pasteurellaceae family that resides normally in the reproductive and respiratory tracts in poultry. It is an opportunistic pathogen previously associated with deaths in poultry and is also a pathogen that rarely causes human diseases. G. anatis has only been reported twice in France as the causative agent of a human disease. Here, we report a case of diarrhea caused by this bacterium in a patient with hypertension and type 2 diabetes.
Case presentation
We reported a 62-year-old male patient with hypertension and type 2 diabetes who suffered from acute watery diarrhea 7–8 times per day caused by G. anatis. He took belladonna sulfamethoxazole and trimerhoprim tablets for 3 days by himself without the guidance of a doctor. However, there was no improvement. One day after receiving ciprofloxacin lactate combined with clindamycin as antimicrobial treatment in the community hospital, there was no significant improvement. After admission to the EICU in our hospital, the stool culture was positive for G. anatis, which was identified by MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA sequencing. Based on antibiotic susceptibility and symptoms, amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium were administered as antimicrobial agents, and methylprednisolone sodium succinate was administered as an anti-inflammatory agent. The patient was cured and discharged after 8 days of treatment.
Conclusion
This case shows that clinicians should consider that G. anatis may be a possible infectious source of human diarrhea in immunosuppressive populations.
The Effects of Thermal Modification on the Properties of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) Catalysts in Transesterification
Authors: Yu Ting , Dubas Stephan Thierry , Kitiyanan Boonyarach
Published: July 2023

A simple and effective thermal method for modifying Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) was introduced to enhance their catalytic activity toward the triglyceride transesterification. The modified ZIF-8 catalysts were characterized for their change in crystallinity and structure using X-ray diffraction (XRD) along with simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), nitrogen adsorption and desorption analysis, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was also used to investigate relevant chemical and physical changes that occur after thermal treatment both in air and nitrogen. Results showed that significant improvements in the catalytic activity and stability of the modified ZIF-8 were observed toward the targeted in transesterification. Interestingly, it was found that the catalysts could be used for at least 5 reactions and that the leaching of Zn2+ from modified ZIF-8 during transesterification reaction was negligible when compared to ZIF-8. This study provides a promising approach to enhance the catalytic performance of ZIF-8 by mean of oxidation and provided significant improvement when applied to the transesterification of triglyceride.
Effect of L-Lysine on heat-induced aggregation behavior of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) myofibrillar protein
Authors: Lin Junxin , Sun Peizi , Zhao Yanfen , Du Xiaoping , Ren Xiang , Man Hao , Li Dongmei
Published: July 2023

Heat treatment reduces the quality of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), thus greatly limiting its industrial application. Although L-Lys immersion pretreatment can effectively improve the quality of heat-treated Antarctic krill meat, the underlying mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different L-Lys concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mM) on the aggregation behavior and structure of Antarctic krill myofibrillar protein solution before and after heat treatment. Compared with the untreated group, L-Lys decreased the surface hydrophobicity and particle size of the heat-treated Antarctic krill protein by 2.38 times and 18.27 times while increasing the solubility by 3.59 times. Furthermore, L-Lys intervention inhibited the formation of disulfide bonds in myofibrillar protein of the heat-treated Antarctic krill, enhanced the intermolecular hydrogen bonding force, improved the orderliness of the secondary structure, and "exposed" the tyrosine residues of the protein molecule. As a result, the polarity of the microenvironment was enhanced while the tertiary structure of the protein was altered, thus inhibiting thermal aggregation behavior and improving the water-holding capacity and tenderness of heat-treated Antarctic krill. This study reveals the mechanism of L-Lys inhibition of thermal aggregation behavior of Antarctic krill myofibrillar protein. Our results provide insights into the development and utilization of Antarctic krill protein in the food industry.
Moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy to the pelvis and/or prostate bed after prostatectomy: a prospective trial
Authors: Canales Juan P. , Barnafi Esteban , Salazar Cristian , Reyes Paula , Merino Tomas , Calderón David , Cortés Analía
Published: July 2023

Background Hypofractionated radiotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer has been widely studied. However, in the postoperative setting it has been less explored. The objective of this prospective study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of hypofractionated radiotherapy in postoperative prostate cancer.
Methods A prospective study was designed that recruited patients with prostate cancer with an indication of postoperative radiotherapy as adjuvant or salvage. A hypofractionated radiotherapy scheme of 51 Gy in 17 fractions was performed with the possibility of treating the pelvis at a dose of 36 Gy in 12 fractions sequentially. Safety was evaluated based on acute and late toxicity (according to the RTOG scale and CTCAE v4.03), IPSS over time, and quality of life.
Results From August 2020 to June 2022, 31 patients completed treatment and are included in this report. 35.5% of patients received elective treatment of pelvic nodal areas. Most patients report minimal or low acute toxicity, with an acute GI and GU grade 3 or greater toxicity of 3.2% and 0%, respectively. The evolution in time of the IPSS remained without significant differences (p 0.42). With the exception of a significant improvement in the domains of hormonal and sexual symptoms of the EPIC questionnaire, the rest of the domains EPIC, EORTC-C30 and PR-25 were maintained without significant differences over time. With a follow-up of 15.4 months, late GI and GU grade 2 toxicity was reported greater than 0% and 9.6%, respectively.
Conclusions Hypofractionated radiotherapy in postoperative prostate cancer appears to be safe. Low report of relevant acute or late toxicity. Further follow-up is required to confirm these results. Trial registration The protocol was approved by the accredited Medical Ethical Committee of Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. All participants accepted and wrote informed consent
Collaborative multi-objective port allocation scheduling considering carbon emissions
Authors: Liu Yuhao , Yang Zhiying
Published: July 2023

In previous port studies, most researchers have only considered individual optimisation and very few studies have reduced carbon emissions. To solve this problem, this paper considers carbon emissions, maximum completion time and minimisation of the distance from the berthing location to its corresponding yard area for the entire period in a unified manner for the automated terminal as a whole while considering berth allocation, bridge crane allocation and yard allocation simultaneously. For solving this multi-objective non-linear mixed integer programming model, an improved Harris Hawk Optimisation algorithm (HHO) is used to solve the model and compared with improved genetic algorithms and particle swarm algorithms, along with sensitivity analysis. The experimental results show that the improved HHO algorithm is able to find a better solution in a smaller number of iterations and in a shorter total time compared to the traditional algorithm. The sensitivity analysis also shows that increasing the length of the shoreline with the same number of ships not only reduces the total cost but also increases the speed of solving the model, unless the number of quay cranes is extremely tight, which is generally not recommended to increase their number.
The Interplay of Socioeconomic Status, Gender, and Age in Determining Physical Activity: Evidence from the China Family Panel Studies
Authors: Jiao Kaishan , Zhang Jiujuan , Liu Meng , Xu Mengjia
Published: July 2023

Background
Physical activity plays an integral role in promoting health and well-being. Despite its importance, comprehensive studies exploring the influences of socio-demographic factors on physical activity in the Chinese context are relatively scarce. This study aims to investigate the relationship between physical activity and socio-demographic factors such as gender, age, and socioeconomic status, using data from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS).
Methods
Data was derived from the 2018 CFPS, resulting in a final sample size of 21,854 adults, with physical activity as the dependent variable. The International Socio-Economic Index of Occupational Status (ISEI) was used to gauge socioeconomic status. Other incorporated variables included gender, age, community type, marital status, physical health, and mental health. The study employed a logistic regression model considering the dichotomous nature of the dependent variable.
Results
Significant correlations were found between physical activity and gender, age, and socioeconomic status. Men were found to be more likely to engage in physical activity than women, and the likelihood of physical activity increased with age and socioeconomic status. Further, the influence of socioeconomic status on physical activity was found to vary significantly across different genders and age groups, with complex intersections noted among these factors.
Conclusion
The study underscores the need for public health interventions that are mindful of the complex interplay between gender, age, and socioeconomic status in influencing physical activity. Efforts to promote physical activity should focus on bridging the disparities arising from these socio-demographic factors, especially targeting women and individuals from lower socioeconomic classes. Future research should delve into the mechanisms through which these factors intersect and explore other potential influential elements to enhance our understanding of physical activity behavior.
Using Resistivity Gradient Method to Monitor Surface Water Movements
Authors: El-Kholy Rowan , Hassan Heba , Aziz Akram M
Published: July 2023

Near-surface geophysics investigations encompass a diverse range of application areas that are supported by both basic and applied research. These application areas are characterized by various descriptors, such as engineering, geotechnical, environmental, groundwater, mining, archaeological, and forensic. The aim of our project is to examine the applicability of small scale arrays to measure the changes in soil due to the movements of surface water. The idea was based in simulating the field conditions inside a lab using regular instruments to measure the volte and currents and calculate the apparent resistivity. These measurements could provide a future cheap tool that can be used in various near-surface geophysical applications.
Food consumption behavior and lifestyle changes among rural older adults before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in Northern India: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Verma Ashish Kumar , Annapurna  , Panchgaur Richa , Kumar Alok
Published: July 2023

Background: Due to Covid-19, the lockdown was imposed throughout the nation on 24 march 2020 and Covid-19 is not over yet, cases are still coming. Food insecurity was already a problem but it became even more challenging during the pandemic. Especially rural older adult people have had to deal with the problem of food and health-related issues due to the pandemic.
Objective: This study aimed to assess food consumption behavior and lifestyle changes among rural older adults before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Material and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study has been done; a multistage random sampling technique was used to select the participants. 450 participants were taken aged 60 and above for final analysis. The survey was conducted in the rural areas of the Varanasi District, Uttar Pradesh through personal interviews. The McNemar and Wilcoxon sign rank tests were used to examine differences before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, adopting the statistical significance of p< 0·05.
Results: Mean age of participants were found 66.72 years. 66.0% of people faced a shortage of food. 40.9% of people reported that they had reduced their food intake and 39.6% reported that the reduction in food intake was due to the rise in the price of edible items. 27.6% of participants reported a reduction in body weight. There was a significant percentage decrease in consumption of milk products, pulse, and green vegetables(p<0.001), a percentage decrease in initiating and maintaining sleep (p<0.001), and worse health conditions (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Food consumption behavior and lifestyles have changed significantly during the Covid-19 pandemic among rural older adults. Although some lifestyles haven’t changed significantly, the quantity of food and health conditions were compromised.
Real-time Ghost Imaging Algorithm on Multidimensional Vector Matrix Walsh Transformation with Free-Fps
Authors: Feng Shengqi , Sang Aijun , Li Xiaoni
Published: July 2023

In this study, we present a real-time free-fps algorithm that utilizes a multi-dimensional vector matrix Walsh transform to address some of the current challenges in real-time video ghost imaging of moving objects. The algorithm allows for adjustable ghost imaging quality and frame rate, which solves the issues of less reconstruction sampling times, non-smooth imaging, and fixed imaging frame rate. To achieve this, a four-dimensional vector Walsh transform kernel matrix is used to transform and reconstruct the high-quality images of the target object, and then reasonable frame rate parameters are set based on the corresponding relationship between the bucket detection values and speckle in the front and back frames, resulting in smooth live video ghost imaging. After simulation and experimental verification of moving objects, our results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm outperforms existing video ghost imaging methods. Specifically, our algorithm solves the DMD refresh rate limitation, resulting in smoother and more stable real-time imaging. Moreover, objective evaluation indexes such as PSNR, the subjective non-reference evaluation standard NRSS structure retention, and Brisque subjective evaluation all show significant improvements of 8%, 7%, and 7%, respectively.
Long-term Exposure to Ambient Ozone at Workplace is Positively and Non-linearly Associated with Incident Hypertension and Blood Pressure: Longitudinal Evidence from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Medical Examination Cohort
Authors: Hu Songhua , Xu Ximing , Li Chunjun , Zhang Li , Xing Xiaolong , He Jiangshan , Guo Pei , Zhang Jingbo , Niu Yujie , Chen Shuo , Zhang Rong , Liu Feng , Ma Shitao , Zhang Mianzhi , Guo Fenghua , Zhang Minying
Published: July 2023

Background
There is limited longitudinal evidence on the hypertensive effects of long-term exposure to ambient O3. We investigated the association between long-term O3 exposure at workplace and incident hypertension, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse pressure (PP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in general working adults.
Methods
We analyzed the data of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Medical Examination-based Cohort, which recruited over 30,000 medical examination attendees through multistage stratified cluster sampling. Participants completed a standard questionnaire and comprehensive medical examination. Three-year ambient O3 concentrations at each employed participant's workplace were estimated using a two-stage machine learning model. Mixed-effects Cox proportional hazards models and linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the effect of O3 concentrations on incident hypertension and blood pressure parameters, respectively. Generalized additive mixed models were used to explore non-linear concentration-response relationships.
Results
A total of 16,630 hypertension-free working participants at baseline finished the follow-up. The mean (SD) O3 exposure was 45.26 (2.70) ppb. The cumulative incidence of hypertension was 7.11 (95% CI: 6.76, 7.47) per 100 person-years. Long-term O3 exposure was independently, positively and non-linearly associated with incident hypertension (Hazard ratios (95% CI) for Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 1.77 (1.34, 2.36), 2.06 (1.42, 3.00) and 3.43 (2.46, 4.79), respectively, as compared with the first quartile (Q1)), DBP ( (95% CI) was 0.65 (0.01, 1.30) for Q2, as compared to Q1), SBP ( (95% CI) was 2.88 (2.00, 3.77), 2.49 (1.36, 3.61) and 2.61 (1.64, 3.58) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively), PP ( (95% CI) was 2.12 (1.36, 2.87), 2.03 (1.18, 2.87) and 2.14 (1.38, 2.90) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively), and MAP ( (95% CI) was 1.39 (0.76, 2.02), 1.04 (0.24, 1.84) and 1.12 (0.43, 1.82) for Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively). The associations were robust across sex, age, BMI, and when considering PM2.5 and NO2. Sex and BMI interacted with ozone, with ozone exposure having a greater deleterious effect on males, overweight and obese individuals.
Conclusions
To our best knowledge, this is the first cohort study in general population that demonstrates the non-linear hypertensive effects of long-term O3 exposure.