bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TECHNOLOGY OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROJECT IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE BACHELORS IN PHYSICS AT A PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Grynyov Roman
Published: October 2024

In the article, the author considers an educational project in physics as a unique activity of participants (teachers, students from different groups, courses) in the field of physical research, which has a set deadline and ensures the achievement of the planned result, which is a unique educational product. The technology of the educational project is interpreted as a pedagogical technology of resource-based learning of future bachelors in physics, which is a set of methods and techniques for organizing the didactic process and the educational and research interaction of all project participants to achieve the result within the specified time period. The stages of implementation of the technology of the educational project in the process of professional training of future bachelors in physics at the pedagogical university are defined: the stage of strategic planning, the stage of modelling, the stage of project implementation, the stage of presentation and reflection. The article provides a detailed description of the project, which involves the creation of videos for demonstration to students of a professional college, defines its stages, hypothesis, composition of participants, basis and terms of implementation, predicted result and results of reflection. It is noted that during the organization and implementation of educational projects in physics, the teacher performs the role of a tutor, which consists in determining the goals and content of project learning, in helping students to search information, in project planning, in the development of a structural and descriptive model of a physics project, in coordinating the process of work on the project. The teacher should guide the process of students’ educational and research interaction, support and encourage them to continuously progress in the work on the project, helping, but never doing the work instead of them.
SISTEM INFORMASI PELAYANAN SPKT BERBASIS WEB MOBILE DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERJANGKAUAN PENGGUNA ( STUDY KASUS : POLSEK PRINGSEWU )
Authors: Anggraeni Elisabet Yunaeti , Suyono Suyono , Setiyanto Novita Dewi
Published: October 2024

Perkembangan teknologi sistem informasi yang pesat  dan hal ini mendorong masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan teknologi informasi tersebut. Sistem informasi sangat diperlukan untuk mempermudah pekerjaan manusia dalam melakukan berbagai aktivitas, tidak terkecuali dalam bidang kepolisian. Salah satu unit atau fungsi POLRI adalah Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu (SPKT) yang memberikan layanan kepada masyarakat, hal ini berupa penerimaan laporan dan pengaduan yang disampaikan oleh masyarakat, seperti laporan kehilangan,laporan tindak pidana, atau juga penyelesaian sengketa antar warga. Peneliti melakukan wawancara pada petugas layanan SPKT di kantor Polsek Pringsewu yang masih menggunakan sistem konvensional atau manual, dimana kekurangan dari sistem ini  yakni pada saat proses berlangsung membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama, memungkinkan  terjadi kesalahan dalam pencatatan dan keterlambatan dalam pencarian data yang diperlukan STTLP (Surat Tanda Terima Laporan Polisi)). Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode SDLC dalam melakukan pengembangan sistem nya, dan menggunakan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sistem SPKT (Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu) sudah terkomputerisasi, petugas bisa mendapatkan data pemohon dengan mudah dan pengarsipan lebih efektif, sementara kemudahan untuk pemohon yaitu bisa mendapatkan informasi tentang pengaduan dengan jelas, dan pemohon tidak harus antri untuk membuat STTLP karena pengisian formulir dan persyatan dilakukan secara online bisa dimana saja. Kata kunci : Sistem Informasi, SPKT (Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu), STTLP (Surat Tanda Terima Laporan Polisi)
Klasifikasi Konten Pada Situs Web Dakwah Indonesia Menggunakan Text Mining Untuk Deteksi Paham Islam Radikal
Authors: Nuwairah Nahed , Munsyi Munsyi , Amrullah Amrullah , Ariani Anita , Aslamiah Rabiatul
Published: October 2024

Konten radikalisme Islam dalam konteks prosedural merujuk pada konten yang memprovokasi kekerasan, menyebarkan kebencian, dan menentang nasionalisme melalui dakwah Islam di situs web Indonesia. Definisi radikalisme berbeda di setiap negara, dan di Indonesia, radikalisme diidentifikasi dengan isu provokasi serta kebencian terhadap SARA (Suku, Agama, Ras, Antargolongan). Deteksi konten SARA sangat menantang karena jumlahnya yang besar, sistem yang tidak terstruktur, dan banyaknya gangguan yang disebabkan oleh beragam interpretasi. Masalah ini dapat mengancam persatuan dan keharmonisan agama di Indonesia. Berdasarkan kondisi ini, diperlukan sistem untuk membedakan apakah suatu konten bersifat radikal atau tidak. Kami mengusulkan pendekatan text mining menggunakan ambang DF dan ekstraksi fitur berbasis otak manusia. Sistem ini terdiri dari beberapa langkah, termasuk pengumpulan data, pra-pemrosesan, text mining, seleksi fitur, klasifikasi untuk pengelompokan data berdasarkan label kelas, perhitungan kesamaan untuk pemrosesan data pelatihan, dan visualisasi untuk menentukan apakah konten tersebut radikal atau tidak. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan literasi kepada pengguna yang mengakses situs web yang terpapar paham radikal, sehingga dapat menekan penyebaran provokasi di situs web di Indonesia. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi validasi silang 10 kali lipat dan metode k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) sebagai metode klasifikasi mencapai akurasi sebesar 66,37% dengan nilai k sebesar 7, berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan web scrapping dari situs yang diblokir oleh Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika Indonesia (Menkominfo).
Pengembangan Project Management Information System (PMIS) untuk Sistem Monitoring and Controlling Pada PT Telkom Indonesia
Authors: Khaidar Muhammad Fikri , Ardiansyah Muhammad Nashir , Permatasari Intan
Published: October 2024

PT Telkom Indonesia adalah perusahaan di bidang Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) serta jaringan telekomunikasi yang menghadapi kesulitan dalam monitoring dan controlling proyek secara simultan. Masalah utama yang ditemukan termasuk manajemen perubahan yang lambat karena sistem aktual pada proses monitoring dan controlling yang masih dilakukan secara semi-manual, informasi yang tidak real-time, serta ketiadaan alat pengambilan keputusan berbasis data. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Project Management Information System (PMIS) guna mengatasi masalah tersebut. PMIS dirancang untuk mengintegrasikan karyawan dan atasan dalam memantau proyek secara real-time. Fitur utama yang ditawarkan mencakup visualisasi perkembangan proyek berbasis data, pelaporan rutin, dan ringkasan proyek yang mudah dipahami. Sistem ini dikembangkan menggunakan metode waterfall, dilengkapi dengan fitur pengolahan data perkembangan proyek menggunakan metode Earned Value Management (EVM) untuk mengukur kinerja proyek. Pengembangan dilakukan melalui analisis kebutuhan pengguna dan kolaborasi dengan pemangku kepentingan untuk memastikan kesesuaian sistem dengan kebutuhan perusahaan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu memberikan informasi secara real-time, memfasilitasi pelaporan terintegrasi, serta memvisualisasikan perkembangan proyek secara komprehensif. PMIS diharapkan dapat meningkatkan optimasi proses monitoring dan controlling proyek di PT Telkom.
Atahualpa y Cuauhtémoc: aportes en la construcción de identidad nacional en recursos comunicacionales y valoraciones históricas
Authors: Caramutti De La Piedra Rosalía Del Pilar , Villaseca Flores Claudia
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Analizamos las valoraciones históricas en torno a Atahualpa y Cuauhtémoc y los recursos comunicacionales en la construcción de identidad nacional. Identificamos las características de las valoraciones históricas y recursos comunicacionales en ese proceso. Metodología: Cualitativa, diseño no experimental y aplicando los siguientes instrumentos de investigación: guía de entrevista semiestructurada y ficha de análisis de contenido para las pinturas representativas: Los Funerales de Atahualpa (1862) y El Suplicio de Cuauhtémoc (1863). Resultados: Las valoraciones históricas de ambos personajes se asocian a los siguientes términos: egoísmo, decadencia y muerte presentándose éstos como recursos comunicacionales que aparecieron en los textos escolares y que en el tiempo han formado parte del proceso de construcción de su identidad nacional. Discusión: Consideración de los  aportes de las valoraciones como parte del imaginario de ambos países, visibilizando que sus identidades y sus recursos comunicacionales tienen como partida la interpretación occidental de su historia mediante las vidas de estos personajes que a la fecha. Conclusiones: Los recursos comunicacionales generados inicialmente en su historia, desde una mirada occidental, han alimentado su identidad nacional y se caracterizan por sus relaciones con: cultura, historia y aprendizaje.
La brecha digital como factor determinante en la desigualdad y el crecimiento económico
Authors: Ouali Fernández Sara
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La Revolución 4.0 puede incrementar las divergencias económicas si sus beneficios no se distribuyen de manera equitativa. Este estudio analiza el impacto de la brecha digital en la desigualdad y el crecimiento económico. Metodología: Se utilizó una metodología mixta que incluye una revisión bibliográfica sobre el impacto de las tecnologías en el crecimiento económico y un análisis de datos sobre el acceso a la tecnología en diferentes países. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones impactan de manera desigual en el crecimiento económico según el país. Mientras que las tecnologías básicas han mostrado convergencia, las avanzadas, que impulsan el crecimiento económico, presentan mayores disparidades. Discusión: El estudio subraya que el acceso a tecnologías avanzadas en los países menos desarrollados puede contribuir significativamente a su crecimiento económico, ayudando a reducir las desigualdades globales. Conclusiones: Promover el acceso a la tecnología en países en desarrollo puede favorecer su crecimiento económico y reducir las desigualdades mediante transformaciones en el mercado laboral, la inclusión financiera y mejoras en salud y educación.
Aspectos bioéticos en las guías de triaje frente a futuras pandemias: enseñanzas de la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Álvarez-Díaz Jorge Alberto
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La historia de la humanidad es una historia de migraciones, guerras y pandemias. La pandemia de COVID-19 se distribuyó de una manera mundial por las posibilidades contemporáneas que hay al viajar. Los objetivos de este trabajo se basaban en mostrar que es posible proponer criterios bioéticos para que sean incluidos en futuras guías de triaje. Metodología: La metodología empleada corresponde a un estudio en dos fases. En la primera de ellas se analiza literatura científica de tipo biomédico, realizando una búsqueda sistemática de revisiones sistemáticas en la base de datos PubMed de la National Library of Medicine de los Estados Unidos de América y en EMBASE. Los artículos obtenidos se analizaron para extraer los criterios bioéticos y los que no lo son. En segundo lugar, se realiza un análisis argumentativo. Resultados: Con la revisión sistemática se obtuvieron 6 revisiones sistemáticas, donde se muestran diferentes valores que pueden clasificarse desde la teoría del valor en dos grupos (instrumentales e intrínsecos). Discusión: En general, los criterios que coinciden con el respeto a la autonomía individual, así como la justa distribución de recursos a nivel social, resultan más aceptables. Por el contrario, criterios que son una mera imposición estatal, o que favorecen la distribución de recursos solamente a algunos grupos, son desde menos aceptables hasta inaceptables. Conclusiones: Se propone un balance de criterios igualitaristas con algunos criterios utilitaristas.
Propuesta formativa para la intervención pedagógica de la superdotación y altas capacidades intelectuales
Authors: Alegre Jara Maribel Enaida , Rojas Cordero Eva María , Calderon Reyes Esmila , Hernández Falla Jacqueline Victoria , Marcelo Gómez Giovanna Fiorella , Julca Castillo Brinelda Lilia , Castillo Ramos Norma Edith
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En el Perú no se cuenta con un estudio de prevalencia ni políticas educativas para la atención de estudiantes con un elevado coeficiente intelectual. El estudio tuvo como objetivo diseñar una Propuesta formativa para la intervención pedagógica a estudiantes con superdotación y altas capacidades intelectuales. Metodología: El diseño Transeccional Descriptivo Propositivo, orientó la aplicación de un instrumento estructurado en cinco dimensiones y 15 ítems valorados cuantitativamente a través de la escala tipo Likert a una muestra de 60 estudiantes de los últimos ciclos de las carreras de educación. El procesamiento estadístico utilizó la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Los resultados evidencian un nivel de dominio bajo en las dimensiones: Conceptualización (43.1%); Detección (47.6%); Recursos disponibles (47.1%) y Opciones educativas (34.6%); en tanto, en la dimensión Necesidades Educativas se encontró en un nivel medio (52.2%). Discusión: El estudio confirma que, los educadores carecen del conocimiento adecuado respecto a la sobredotación intelectual que les permita identificarlos y/o utilizar estrategias de diferenciación que aumenten la profundidad y complejidad del aprendizaje. Conclusiones: La propuesta formativa considera un diseño integral en cinco etapas: Sensibilización, Implementación para la intervención, Propuestas Exitosas de atención a las Altas Capacidades, Evaluación y Retroalimentación.
Influence of Low-Energy High-Current Electron Beam Exposure on the Phase Composition and Corrosion Resistance of the AM60 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Akimov K. O. , Ivanov K. V. , Figurko M. G.
Published: October 2024

The surface of an AM60 (Al – 5.5, Zn – 0.2, Cu – 0.009, Fe – 0.005, Si – 0.1; Ni – 0.002, Mn – 0.3 wt.%, Mg – the rest) magnesium alloy was exposed to a low-energy high-current electron beam. After the irradiation, the content of the β-phase (Mg17Al12) decreases and the aluminum content increases in the alloy surface layer. After the exposure to the electron beam, the corrosion resistance of the alloy in a 1-molar NaCl solution increases significantly compared to the initial state. The physical reason for the increase in the alloy corrosion resistance after exposure to the electron beam is the higher corrosion resistance of the oxide film formed on the alloy surface due to the increased aluminum content.
Uveal melanoma: molecular-genetic mechanisms of arising and the therapeutic approaches
Authors: Zhilnikova M. V. , Troitskaya O. S. , Novak D. D. , Atamanov V. V. , Koval O. A.
Published: October 2024

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a tumor of neuroectodermal origin, which results from malignant transformation of melanocytes of the eye vasculature: iris, ciliary body and chorioidea. UM represents up to 5% of all melanoma cases, but it is extremely aggressive, since half of patients with UM develop metastases within the first 1‒2 years after the tumor appearance. Molecular mechanisms of uveal melanoma carcinogenesis are poorly understood, and have already been shown to be different from those of skin melanoma. Activating mutations in the GNAQ and GNA11 genes, encoding the large G protein subunits Gq and G11, respectively, are found in 90% of UM patients. The main signaling cascade leading to the transformation of melanocytes of the uveal tract is the signaling pathway Gaq/PKC/MAPK, and the major regulators of this cascade are targets for the development of drugs. The development of the metastatic form of UM is most often associated with mutations in the genes BAP1, EIF1AX, GNA11, GNAQ, and SF3B1. A combination of a commercial expression test panel of 15 genes and a mutation panel of 7 genes, supplemented with data on the size of the primary tumor, has been shown to be highly effective prognostic signature in prediction the risk of metastases. The risk of metastases determines the choice of therapy and patient follow-up regimen. At the same time, no systemic therapy for the treatment of metastatic UM has been developed to date; new drugs undergoing clinical trials mostly refer to either targeted therapy aimed at inhibiting the protein products of mutant genes, or immunotherapy designed to stimulate an immune response against specific antigens. In addition to these approaches, the review also considers potential therapeutic targets of epigenetic regulation of UM development.
Knockout of Hsp70 genes modulates age-related transcriptomic changes in leg muscles, reduces locomotion speed and lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Kukushkina I. V. , Makhnovskii P. A. , Zgoda V. G. , Kurochkina N. S. , Popov D. V.
Published: October 2024

The study investigated the effect of knockout of six Hsp70 genes (orthologues of the mammalian genes Hspa1a, Hspa1b, Hspa2 and Hspa8) on age-related changes in gene expression in the legs of Drosophila melanogaster, which contain predominantly skeletal muscle bundles. For this, the leg transcriptomic profile was examined in males of the w1118 control line and the Hsp70– line on the 7th, 23rd and 47th days of life. In w1118 flies, an age-related decrease in the locomotion (climbing) speed (a marker of functional state and endurance) was accompanied by a pronounced change in the transcriptomic profile of the leg skeletal muscles, which is conservative in nature. In Hsp70– flies, the median lifespan was shorter and the locomotion speed was significantly lower compare to the control; at the same time, complex changes in the age-related dynamics of the skeletal muscle transcriptome were observed. Mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic showed that 47-day-old Hsp70– flies, compared with w1118, demonstrated multidirectional changes in the content of key enzymes of glucose metabolism and fat oxidation (glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, Krebs cycle, beta-oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation). Such dysregulation may be associated with a compensatory increase in the expression of other genes encoding chaperones (small Hsp, Hsp40, 60, and 70), which regulate specific sets of target proteins. Taken together, our data show that knockout of six Hsp70 genes slightly reduces the median lifespan of flies, but significantly reduces the locomotion speed, which may be associated with complex changes in the transcriptome of the leg skeletal muscles and with multidirectional changes in the content of key enzymes of energy metabolism.
The expression of long non-coding RNAs TP53TG1, LINC00342, MALAT1, H19 and MEG3 in type 2 Diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kochetova O. V. , Avzaletdinova D. Sh. , Korytina G. F.
Published: October 2024

Type 2 diabetes is a complex and multifactorial metabolic disorder. The frequency of type 2 diabetes has dramatically increased worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs play a regulatory role in pathological processes of type 2 diabetes. The aim of the study was to analyze lncRNA TP53TG1, LINC00342, MALAT1, H19, MEG3 in patients with type 2 diabetes and metabolic parameters, as well as the risk of diabetic retinopathy. Participants included 51 patients with diabetes and 70 healthy individuals. The expression of TP53TG1 and LINC00342 genes was significantly decreased in the patients with diabetes compared to healthy individuals. MALAT1 gene expression was higher in diabetes patient. H19 gene was increased in the patients with diabetic retinopathy compare patients without retinopathy. TP53TG1, LINC00342 and MEG3 expression was decreased in the patients with diabetic retinopathy and MALAT1 expression was increased. H19 is positively correlated with triglyceride levels, TP53TG1 and LINC00342 are positively correlated with HbA1c levels and fasting glucose levels. MALAT1 is negatively correlated with HDL levels and positively correlated with LDL levels. A decrease in the expression level of TP53TG1 and LINC00342 and an increase in the level of MALAT1 in diabetes, as well as an association with glycemic control, indicate the role of the studied non-coding RNAs in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and retinopathy and can be considered as candidates for early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.
Changes in the genome of tick-borne encephalitis virus during cultivation
Authors: Ternovoi V. A. , Ponomareva E. P. , Protopopova E. V. , Tupota N. L. , Mikryukova T. P. , Loktev V. B.
Published: October 2024

The tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) of the Siberian genotype was previously isolated from the brain of a deceased person. TBEV variants obtained at passages 3 and 8 on SPEV cells were inoculated into the brains of white mice for subsequent passages. Full-genome sequences of all virus variants were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The analysis showed the presence of 41 point nucleotide substitutions, which were mainly localized in the genes of non-structural proteins NS3 and NS5 of TBEV. In the deduced virus protein sequences, 12 amino acid substitutions were identified. After three passages through mouse brains, reverse nucleotide and amino acid substitutions were detected. Most of them were mapped in the NS5 protein gene, where 5 new nucleotide substitutions also appeared. At the same time, there was an increase in the length of the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of the viral genome by 306 nucleotides. The Y3 and Y2 3’-UTR elements were found to contain imperfect L and R repeats, which probably associated with inhibition of the activity of cellular XRN1 RNase and thus involved in the formation of sfRNA1 and sfRNA2. For all TBEV variants, high levels of infectious virus were detected both in cell culture and in the brain of white mice. The revealed changes in the genome that occur during successive passages of TBEV are most likely due to the significant genetic variability of the virus, which ensures its efficient reproduction in different hosts and active circulation in nature.
АНАЛІЗ АЕРОФОТОЗНІМКІВ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ЗГОРТКОВОЇ НЕЙРОННОЇ МЕРЕЖІ-АВТОКОДУВАЛЬНИКА
Authors: АХМЕТШИНА Людміла , НЕСТЕРЕНКО Антон
Published: October 2024

Метою цієї роботи було створення автономної системи, здатної автоматично виявляти аномалії на аерофотознімках, отриманих за допомогою безпілотних літальних апаратів. Аномальними у даному контексті вважаються об’єкти та сегменти зображення, які мають нетипові для даних зображень характеристики: яскравість, колір, текстуру або форму (наприклад рукотворні об’єкти та транспортні засоби у загородній місцевості, люди у обмежених зонах тощо). У дослідженні розглядаються інформативні можливості згорткових нейронних мереж (ЗНМ) для вирішення задачі виявлення аномальних об'єктів на аерофотознімках. Запропоновано структуру згорткового автокодувальника з трьома кодуючими та трьома декодуючими згортковими нейронними шарами, що забезпечує можливість навчання на немаркованих зображеннях і розпізнавання раніше невідомих типів аномалій. Крім того, ми розглядаємо вплив застосування алгоритмів попередньої обробки на швидкість і ефективність системи. Запропоновано метод локалізації потенційно аномальних сегментів за допомогою алгоритму знаходження контурів. Розроблена система складається з моделі згорткового автокодувальника, двох алгоритмів попередньої обробки, заснованих на виявленні порогів кольору та яскравості, алгоритму виявлення контурів і класифікатора, що зважує вихідні дані НМ. Розроблена модель НМ була навчена на декількох наборах даних, що містять аерофотознімки без аномалій. Отримана система була протестована на реальних даних, результати цього тестування наведені у даній статті.
СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В СФЕРЕ ТРАНСПОРТА
Authors: Есенова Айман , Рамазанова Шынар , Айдосова Бахитжамал , Сабенова Балтайм , Керимбек Айымжан
Published: October 2024

В научной статье приводится механизм совершенствованияэкономической устойчивости предпринимательства в сфере транспорта,включая примеры успешных практик. Целью исследования являетсяопределение ключевых факторов, влияющих на экономическуюустойчивость, и разработка рекомендаций для повышения эффективностипредпринимательской деятельности в сфере транспорта. В соответствии сцелями исследования определены основные направления для анализа и оценкиэкономической устойчивости предпринимательства в сфере транспорта.Объектами исследования являются транспортные компании. В настоящеевремя транспортные компании сталкиваются с рядом вызовов, такие какэкономическая нестабильность, растущая конкуренция и изменения взаконодательстве, которые играют значительную роль в их функционировании.Эти вызовы приводят к снижению рентабельности и устойчивости бизнеса.Дана оценка текущего состояния транспортных предприятий и выявленыосновные проблемы, требующие решения. Поскольку совершенствованиеэкономической устойчивости транспортных компаний требует комплексногоподхода, важно разработать и внедрить стратегические меры по управлениюрисками, оптимизации затрат и повышению эффективности операционныхпроцессов. В целях достижения экономической устойчивости транспортныхкомпаний представлены следующие предложения: по улучшениюфинансового менеджмента и контроля затрат; пути развития и внедренияинновационных технологий и процессов; мероприятия по оптимизациилогистики и транспортных маршрутов. На сегодняшний день в результатеновых предложений ожидается повышение экономической устойчивоститранспортных компаний, улучшение их конкурентоспособности и увеличениеприбыли.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РАБОТЫ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКИХ КОМПАНИЙ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ
Authors: Нурмаганбетова Бегзат , Сатымбекова Катира , Алиева Марияш , Токсанбаева Гулжан , Сатымова Молдир
Published: October 2024

В научной статье приводятся вопросы моделирования работы транспортно-логистических компаний в Казахстане, включая примеры успешных практик. Целью исследования является определение ключевых факторов, влияющих на эффективность бизнес-моделей, и разработка рекомендаций для улучшения стратегий управления. В соответствии с целями исследования определены ключевые проблемы и возможности для оптимизации бизнес-процессов. Объектами исследования являются транспортно-логистические компании в Казахстане. В настоящее время они сталкиваются с рядом вызовов, таких как недостаток финансовых ресурсов, высокая конкуренция и необходимость внедрения инновационных технологий. Эти факторы играют значительную роль в обеспечении устойчивого развития и требуют пересмотра существующих бизнес-моделей и стратегий. Дана оценка текущего состояния и перспектив развития транспортно-логистических компаний в Казахстане. Поскольку внедрение новых технологий требует значительных инвестиций, важно разработать и внедрить эффективные механизмы поддержки и финансирования транспортно-логистических компаний. В целях достижения устойчивого развития логистической отрасли и совершенствования бизнес-моделей транспортно-логистических компаний предложены следующие меры: улучшение процессов управления ресурсами и оптимизация логистических операций; развитие и внедрение инновационных решений в области транспортировки и обработки грузов; мероприятия по оптимизации финансового управления и привлечению инвестиций; предложена эффективная модель работы транспортно-логистических компаний в Казахстане с учетом технологических процессов оказания услуг. На сегодняшний день в результате новых предложений ожидается повышение конкурентоспособности транспортно-логистических компаний, улучшение их финансового состояния и успешное внедрение инновационных технологий в транспортно-логистической отрасли.
InnoVATIVeneSS OF THE UKRAINIAN EConoMY on THE WAY to THE EU
Authors:   Alfred Nobel University, Zadoia Anatolii O.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the assessment of the level of innovativeness of the Ukrainian economy in comparison with the innovativeness of the economies of the European Union countries based on the Global Innovation Index 2023 and the justification of ways to increase it in the course of advancing to full membership in the EU. In the course of the study, the hypothesis that there is a close connection between the level of the country’s development, which is measured by the GDP per capita indicator in the model, and the absolute value of the global innovation index was confirmed (correlation coefficient is 0.868). However, Ukraine, which belongs to the group with a below-average GDP per capita indicator, is ahead of more than 30 countries with high and above-average GDP per capita indicators according to the Global innovation index. This strengthens the hope that the creation of the necessary conditions for the realization of innovative potential will be able to accelerate economic growth and lead to a significant increase in GDP in the post-war period. The comparison of the global index of innovativeness of Ukraine with the similar indicator of the EU countries carried out in the article showed a certain lag of our country, which arose in recent years, which can be explained by Russian aggression. However, this lag is not fundamental and can be overcome in a short time. Moreover, among the candidate countries for joining the EU, Ukraine ranks among the top three in terms of innovativeness. Therefore, such a lag should not become an obstacle on the way to the EU. A more detailed analysis of individual indicators that form the global index of innovativeness revealed significant heterogeneity of the innovative environment of the Ukrainian economy, because its rating according to these indicators ranges from 1 to 130. Ukraine’s achievements in performance indicators, which are calculated in relation to GDP, are quite good, which once again confirmed the conclusion that there is a disproportion between the potential and actual volumes of production. The biggest lag is recorded in the indicators related to the business environment, its stability and the legal norms that regulate it. A serious problem for Ukraine is the lack of market and organizational infrastructure. These issues should become the object of special attention of the state on the way to the EU.
ANALYSIS OF UKRAINE’S COMPETITIVENESS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION
Authors:   Alfred Nobel University, Zadoia Oleksandr A. , Novikov Artem M. ,   Alfred Nobel University
Published: October 2024

The article analyzes the competitiveness of Ukraine, identifies problems and outlines the prospects and consequences of the country’s European integration aspirations. A retrospective review of the development of the country’s economic model was conducted in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of reforms and identify errors that affected the place and role of the domestic economy in the world markets of goods and capital. This made it possible to single out certain comparative characteristics with the main theories of international trade and international investment. It was noted that unsuccessful attempts to quickly transform from a command-administrative economy to a mixed market system led to a loss of industrial potential and, accordingly, negatively affected the structure of foreign trade relations and the investment climate, which in turn led to a drop in the level of competitiveness of Ukraine. Along with this, the analysis of the key indicators of socio-economic development indicates certain positive changes in the period 2002-2012, which was reflected in the dynamics of GDP growth, an increase in incoming investment flows, stabilization of inflation at the targeted level and overall improved welfare of society. However, the uncertainty and constant change of the vector of economic integration together with the change of power led to the deterioration of the state’s economic condition and made sustainable economic growth impossible. The period of revival of business and investment activity in the post-Covid 2021 year was replaced by a deep crisis with the beginning of the war. At the same time, the aspiration of our state to join the European community nevertheless gave a powerful impetus to the implementation and implementation of innovative reforms, which made it possible to achieve certain success in the direction of digitalization, infrastructure development, and further implementation of educational, medical, and social reforms even during the conduct of military operations. Currently, on the way to European integration, Ukraine is overcoming the difficult path of transforming its economic system to the requirements and values of the EU. Our country, together with the European Union, needs to solve the issues of labor migration and refugees, the introduction of a duty-free regime for domestic goods, the creation of a safe investment climate, etc. And there is not always unity in the choice of tools for solving these issues in the EU countries. Ukraine needs to use its advantages in logistics, geographical location, labor and natural resources, develop an industrial direction, introduce modern technologies, improve its energy independence and take an active part in integration processes. Finding compromises and political will allow Ukraine to successfully reform the socio-economic model and become a full member of the EU.
A Literature Review on the Levels of Toxic Metals/Metalloids in Meat and Meat Products in Asian Countries: Human Health Risks
Authors: Domingo Jose L
Published: October 2024

Although it is well established that meat and meat products provide essential nutrients for human development and health, inadequate or inappropriate consumption of these foods can also lead to various health problems. Moreover, in 2015, the IARC classified the consumption of red meat and processed meat as "probably carcinogenic to humans" and as "carcinogenic to humans," respectively. However, the exposure to environmental (organic and inorganic) contaminants through the consumption of meat and meat products was not then discussed. In this paper, the recent scientific literature on human exposure to metals and metalloids through the consumption of meat and meat products has been reviewed, with a main focus on toxic metals and metalloids such as As, Cd, Hg, and Pb. According to PubMed and Scopus, Asia is the continent for which the most data have been reported since 2000, with China specifically being the country with the highest number of available papers on the topic of the present review. Therefore, this review has been focused only on Asian countries. As expected, the concentrations of metals and metalloids in meat and meat products, as well as the estimated intake derived from that consumption, have shown notable differences among regions and countries. However, as has also been previously observed for organic pollutants, the group of meat and meat products is not being, at least in Asian countries, one of the most relevant food groups contributing to human dietary exposure to toxic metals and metalloids.
Koncepce národní bezpečnosti Ruské federace a její vojenská doktrína
Authors: Karel Pezl
Published: October 2024

The Russian Federation is still in the stage of carrying out an uncontrolled search for a new social-economic model. It is shifting to an increasing extent into a development that finds it difficult to acquire a specific style. The fact is that the breakup of the worldwide bipolarity still traumatizes Russian society at all its levels. This is reflected in the style of running society and the state and strongly influences the international security climate. A dilemma arises where Russia is unable to survive without massive financial aid from the democratic West while at the same time doing its utmost to maintain its global position of power.The Concept of the national security of the Russian Federation, an official public document, approved by the President on 10 January 2000, consists of a system of views on safeguarding the security of the population, society and the state against external and internal threats in all spheres of life. It indicates the most significant trends in the state policy of the Russian Federation. It is its fundamental security document and simultaneously the directive of the President for the Federal Parliament, the Federal government, the Security Council of the state and the federal executive bodies. The concept is divided into four sets of problems: Russia within the world community, its national interests, threats to national security and safeguarding national security.The Military doctrine of the Russian Federation, as formulated in the draft, is a document about doctrinal views which have been drawn up for the current transitional period as a military Concept of the national security of the Russian Federation. Its principles rest, above all, on the restored power potential of Russia, whose capacity is increased by endeavours to establish close ties and interconnection with coordinated forces within the CIS. It is not confined merely to sections of the armed forces, but its substantial feature is the military organization of the state as a system which embraces the management bodies, methods of safeguarding military security, Russia’s defence forces, their construction und preparation, military strategic principles, their deployment and tasks as well as military economic principles. It is divided into three parts: Principles of military policy, Military strategic principles and Military economic principles.
Mezinárodní environmentální politika v 90. letech
Authors: Petr Jehlička
Published: October 2024

Norman J. Vig, Regina S. Axelrod (eds.): The Global Environment lnstitulions, Law and Policy.Earthscan, London 1999, 352 stran, ISBN 1-85383-645-1.
Cesta k dobrému sousedství
Authors: Ivona Řezanková
Published: October 2024

Deutschland, Polen, Tschechien - auf dem Weg zur guten Nachbarschaft. Hg. Th. Schweisfurth, W.Poeggel, A. Sakson. Schriftenreihe der Juristischen Fakultät der Europa - Universität ViadrinaFrankfurt (Oder), Springer Verlag, Berlín-Heidelberg New York 1999, 300 stran, ISBN 3-540-65067-9.
Mezinárodní trestní soud a jeho předchůdci
Authors: Teddy Sunardi
Published: October 2024

Fifty years after the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials, the international community entered the final stage of work on the establishment of a permanent International Criminal Court ( ICC). The primary aim of the Court would be to bring to justice persons responsible for the most serious crimes under international law, when domestic criminal justice systems fail to do so. The ICC would act as a standard-setting institution in the area of fair trial and due process standards, and serve as a model of international justice.The jurisdiction of the independent, effective and fair ICC should initially be limited to three core crimes: genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. All three crimes constitute exceptionally serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole and are well established as crimes under customary international law.The ICC Statute defines genocide pursuant to the definition provided for in the 1948 Genocide Convention, which has been ratified by many states and is widely accepted as reflecting customary international law. Acts of genocide may be committed in peacetime as well as in armed conflict.War crimes included in the ICC Statute cover acts committed both in international and non-interactional armed conflict. The enumeration of crimes committed in international armed conflict corresponds to the grave breaches of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, the grave breaches and denials of fundamental guarantees of Additional Protocol I to Geneva Conventions, and violations of the 1907 Hague Convention IV and its Regulations, and crimes committed in non-international armed conflict, provided for in Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocol II to Geneva Conventions.The ICC Statute defines crimes against humanity as acts committed on a widespread or systematic basis against a civilian population. The enumeration of such crimes should include: murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation, arbitrary detention, torture, extrajudicial executions, forced disappearance of persons, rape, forcible transfers of populations within or across national borders, persecution on political, ethnic, racial, religious and other grounds and other inhumane acts. Crimes can be committed both in time of peace and in armed conflict, by official and non-state actors.
Evropská obranná a bezpečnostní identita – pohled na Západoevropskou unii
Authors: Jean Marie Viriot
Published: October 2024

In his essay, the author attempts to find an answer to the question: Where did we get to in Europe in the field of security? That is why he opens his account by recalling historical events which were decisive in the light of European defence and security identity. This applies in concrete terms to the Brussels treaty of 1948, amended in 1954, the Hague platform of the West European Union of 1987, the Maastricht treaty of 1991, the Petersberg declaration of 1992, and the Amsterdam treaty of 1997. The signing of the Franco-British declaration of St. Malo in December 1998 also brought fundamental changes in the approach to European defence; it contained the following crucial points: 1) capacity of autonomous action for Europe, 2) European military methods in the frame of NATO and outside NATO, 3) respect of collective defence commitments. The mentioned measures were subsequently confirmed at the NATO summit in Washington in April 1999 and in the declaration of the fifteen at a session of the European Council in Cologne in June 1999. Today emphasis is placed on cooperation and the transparency of the West European Union with the North Atlantic Alliance which remains for the moment the foundation of collective defence. But this creates a number of problems, for example, the incorporation of a small compact military nucleus in the giant structure of the European Union, the advancement of credible European military forces or the solution of participation by allied non-members of the European Union.In his essay the author arrives at the conclusion that from the point of view of its defence and security identity, Europe is on the right path and that the principles and objectives outlined are correct. The fact is that the West European Union is the guardian of most complex and valuable “acquis”, but shifting this to the European Union could be hard to accomplish without risking a certain paralysis. Yet there is no other option than building a stronger Europe, especially in the area of defence. The fact is that a hegemonist America, “surrounded” by, so speak, vassals must, and will manage to pave the road in the near future to two almost equal partners which will make both sides stronger and capable of facing up jointly to equal future threats.
Brzezinského geopolitika
Authors: Jiří Stehlík
Published: October 2024

Zbigniew Brzezinski: Velká šachovnice. K čemu Ameriku zavazuje její globální převaha. Mladá fronta,Praha 1999, 229 stran, ISBN 80-204-0764-2.
PENGARUH PEMBIASAAN MEMBACA RATIB AL-HADDAD TERHADAP KEDISIPLINAN SANTRI
Authors: Roichatul Ismiyah  , Siti Mutholingah
Published: October 2024

Discipline is an attitude that shows a willingness to comply with and obey the provisions, rules and regulations that apply. To achieve life goals, especially in terms of worship and morals. Discipline will be formed by getting used to doing something good and doing it consistently and continuously. Therefore, instilling a disciplined attitude is very necessary for every educational institution. As-Sholchah Islamic Boarding School for Girls implements the habit of activities that are arranged in a fixed schedule and carried out consistently. The purpose of this study was to identify whether there is an influence of the habit of reading Ratib Al-Haddad on the discipline of students and to determine how much influence the habit of reading Ratib Al-Haddad has on the discipline of students. The type of research used is quantitative research. Hypothesis testing uses a simple linear regression test. The results of this study reveal the influence of the habit of reading Ratib Al-Haddad on discipline. The large influence of the habit of reading Ratib al-Haddad on the discipline of students at the As-Sholchah female Islamic boarding school based on simple linear regression analysis guided by R Square is 46%.
Medical Image Segmentation : A Comparative Study and Survey
Authors: Ruchi Bhardwaj  , Shanu Gour
Published: October 2024

Image segmentation involves dividing an image into distinct segments. It is important to distinguish this from image enhancement, which focuses on improving the image’s visual attributes, such as brightness, contrast, and texture. In segmentation, specific parts of the image are emphasized based on the problem being addressed. Clinical imaging techniques are continuously evolving, aiming to improve the quality of services in the healthcare industry. Methods such as interpolation, image registration, compression, and diagnosis need to be updated to meet the increasing demands of the field, especially with advancements in mobile and cloud computing technologies. The integration of medical devices with wearable technologies presents a promising area for further exploration. This paper provides valuable insights into the domain of medical imaging systems and aims to outline the future potential of work in this field.
SIMULATION OF FINANCIAL FLOWS IN THE NETWORK OF ROUTES USING THE EXAMPLE OF RAIL TRANSPORT
Authors:   National Aerospace University named after M.E. Zhukovsky ", Dolia K. V. ,   Kharkiv Aviation Institute", Dolia O. E. ,   Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics
Published: October 2024

Transport is an important element of the functioning of society and its economic condition. The problem of researching transportation systems is the cost of such research. It is impossible to conduct an experiment to study changes in passenger flows on routes when the cost of traveling on the route itself or on competitors' routes changes, because such experiments will have their own monetary impact on society and on transport enterprises. It is also difficult to conduct experiments on the state of the system when changing rolling stock, which is also very expensive given the existing scientific interest. A significant cost for the financial burden on transport enterprises or societies can significantly affect the financial flows of the manufacturer or society, and therefore such experiments and conclusions from experiments are not fully conducted, which can lead to uncertainty of actions at certain stages of the project development for the operation of a vehicle on the route. To prevent the occurrence of uncertainties, scientists have proposed modeling certain processes of the route operation. The disadvantages of this approach are that its actual implementation is limited to simulating a certain set of factors. As a result, the obtained models largely consider one route and the impact of one or two factors on it. The proposed model of the transport route network takes into account the interconnectedness of the simultaneous operation of many types of transport and their routes in the network. For the first time, an integrated approach to the study of transport processes is proposed, taking into account the dependence of economic indicators on technical ones and vice versa. The modeling of the route network of the entire region of Ukraine with simultaneous operation of water, air, road and rail transport is carried out.