bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relación entre la actitud hacia el trabajo en equipo con la calidad de atención desde la percepción usuario en salud. Hospital Cesar Vallejo Mendoza - Santiago de Chuco, 2016
Authors: Hernández Vela Jorge Antonio , Lora Loza Miryam Griselda
Published: November 2019

Esta investigación es de tipo sustantivo descriptivo trabajado con un diseño descriptivo correlacional. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre las actitudes hacia el trabajo en equipo y la calidad de la atención desde la percepción del usuario en salud del Hospital César Vallejo Mendoza de Santiago de Chuco durante el periodo de setiembre a diciembre del 2016, de una población de usuarios de salud entre las edades de 18 a más, de la cual se obtuvo una muestra de 363 usuarios. Los participantes fueron evaluados con los siguientes instrumentos: Encuesta de percepción de la calidad de atención y Escala de Actitudes hacia el trabajo en equipo. El análisis estadístico reveló en las actitudes hacia el trabajo en equipo y la percepción de la calidad de atención una correlación directa, de grado considerable y altamente significativa (p<.01) entre las actitudes hacia el trabajo en equipo con las dimensiones capacidad de respuesta y empatía, asimismo, una correlación directa, de grado medio y altamente significativa (p<.01) con la calidad de atención y sus dimensiones fiabilidad, seguridad y tangibilidad percibida por los usuarios del Hospital César Vallejo Mendoza de Santiago de Chuco.
Bronchoscopic survillance during early postoperative period after lung transplantation
Authors: R. Jackin Moses , R. Anantharaman , Cheriyan Kottoorathu Mammen , S. Mohamed Thayub , R. Raj Ganesh
Published: November 2019

Background: Lung transplant has become an accepted modality of treatment of patients with end stage pulmonary disease, establishing protocols for improving survival in these patients is the need of the hour. The aim of this study was to assess the use of bronchoscopic surveillance during early post-operative period after lung transplantation.Methods: It is a hospital based retrospective study; the study was carried out in a lung transplant centre located in Chennai, India.  A total of eight cases of single lung transplantation were done during the period of one year. Six patients were selected based on the inclusion criteria and the use of bronchoscopy during the immediate post-operative period followed by bronchoscopy during the early hours of everyday for the first week and the success in reduction of immediate post-operative infection and observations has been analysed.Results: In analysis of all the six cases, the positive signs of early morning bronchoscopy done were identified, mucus plugs which contribute to significant hypoxemia and morbidity were not observed in any of the patients.  New patch was also not observed in any of these patients. Culture positivity from the donor lung carrying over to the recipient was observed in just one of these patients.Conclusions: This protocol based frequent bronchoscopy prevents ‘Surprise’ patches in the lungs. Performance of Broncho Alveolar Lavage on a regular basis avoided the possibility of infections developing by early screening and aided as a tool for identification of acute neo lung rejection.
Immunohistochemical expression of human epididymis 4 in ovarian malignancy
Authors: Nahar Begum Afrin , Saha Rama , Das Chhanda , Kamilya Gourishankar
Published: November 2019

Background: Ovarian malignancies has the highest mortality rate among all gynaecological malignancies. Surface epithelial tumors form two thirds of all ovarian neoplasm and 90% of all ovarian cancers are surface epithelial carcinomas. Mortality in case of ovarian malignancy is high due to late diagnosis. Early and accurate diagnosis can improve the case specific management. HE4 (Human Epididymis Protein 4) which is proved to be overexpressed in the ovarian cancer cells, is considered a new biomarker for ovarian cancer diagnosis which helps in early diagnosis and patient management. Aims and objectives of the study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of HE4 in various ovarian malignancies.Methods: It was a cross sectional, prospective, single institution-based study, conducted in the department of Pathology in collaboration with the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, from December 2016 to January 2019 in institution. A total 74 ovarian malignancies were selected for this study.Results: Serous carcinoma was the most common ovarian malignancy followed by endometrioid carcinoma. Highest percentage of expression of HE4 was seen in high grade serous cancer and malignant endometrioid tumor.Conclusions: HE4 was highly expressed in malignant ovarian tumour especially serous and endometrioid carcinoma and can be used as an important biomarker for malignant ovarian neoplasm. Expression in high grade ovarian serous cancer support its prognostic value also.
Prevalence of coronary artery diseases in type 2 diabetic women
Authors: Mani C. Mandava Radha , Prasad Nakkina Bhavani , Adda Raghavendra Prasad , Chandra T. Jaya
Published: November 2019

Background: There was increasing evidence that gender differences are important in epidemiology, treatment and outcomes of many diseases, relevant for non-communicable diseases.Methods: Study was conducted in Department of General Medicine, GSL Medical College. Patients who were admitted with type 2 diabetes were recruited in the study. Each patient was interviewed to obtain detailed history and examined thoroughly as per predetermined protocol, national diabetes data group and WHO diagnostic criteria was used. Myocardial infarction was diagnosed by convex ST segment elevation in corresponding leads (early) or QS complexes or abnormal Q waves i.e. Q waves of 0.04 seconds or more in width (or) 25% or more of the voltage of the R wave in the same lead or both in the corresponding leads (late) or T wave inversion in the corresponding leads (late). Statistical analyses were done by using SPSS software version 21.0. Chi-square test was used to assess the association between different categorical variables; p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of 250 participants, 97 were diagnosed as coronary artery disease (CAD), maximum between 51-60 years age group; the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The association between dyslipidemia and CAD was statistically significant (p<0.05). Out of 188 post-menopausal cases, CAD was diagnosed in 86 cases; out of the 62 non post-menopausal cases, CAD was diagnosed in 11 cases; The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: In premenopausal women, the prevalence of CHDs are significantly higher when compared to postmenopausal women.
Evaluation of exercise hypertension in healthy young adults: an observational study
Authors: Chinara Aurobinda , Purohit Prasanta , Mahapatra Bibhupada
Published: November 2019

Background: The prevalence of hypertension is increasing globally as well as in Indian subcontinent. Exercise leads to an increase in the blood pressure especially systolic blood pressure. However, an increase in the diastolic blood pressure after exercise remarks for a risk of cardio-vascular disease. This study was undertaken to evaluate the exercise hypertension among the healthy young adults.Methods: This prospective study was undertaken in a tertiary health care facility. A total of 150 healthy students were finally included in this study for analysis. The study subjects were belonging to 18-22 years old of both genders. The blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. Author used two stair equipment for exercise in which students are allowed to step-up and step down for 5 minutes without any rest. The statistical analyses were carried out by using Graph-Pad Instate. Results: The mean age of the students was 19.8±1.3 years and 92(61.33%) being males. The mean systolic blood pressure was 117.1±7.74 mmHg in resting condition which was significantly increased to 140.0±13.9 mm Hg after exercise (p<0.0001). In contrast, the diastolic blood pressure in resting condition was 78.3±7.89 mm Hg which was significantly reduced to 71.85±7.96 mm Hg after exercise (p<0.0001). The decrease in the diastolic blood pressure was inconsistence and 9 students had increased value after exercise which was found to be normal.Conclusions: Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured during resting condition and after exercise was significantly differs. These differences were found to be normal which remarks for a better cardio-logical status in healthy young students.
Cytopathological study of salivary gland lesions by fine needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Desai Priyanka , Gamit Bhavna , Shahu Neha S. , Dholiya Bhavika
Published: November 2019

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology is an inexpensive, minimally invasive, outpatient diagnostic procedure. FNA of salivary gland is easier to perform as the site is superficial and repeat FNAC can be perform. As compared to biopsy methods, FNA is a very smooth, cheaper, outpatient procedure helping clinician to save his time for earlier diagnosis and treatment. Though anatomical structure of the gland is very simple, it is subjected to a diverse and heterogenous range of tumors.Methods: The present study on “Cytomorphological features of salivary gland lesion by FNAC” was carried out on department of pathology from June 2015 to June 2017. 65 patients with salivary gland lesions who were sent to pathology department for FNAC were aspirated and correlated histopathologically.Results: Benign salivary gland lesions contribute to majority of cases (54%). Pleomorphic Adenoma was the most common benign salivary gland lesions and Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma was most common malignant lesion. Parotid gland was the most commonly involved in benign tumors and submandibular gland was commonly involved by malignant tumors. Commonly affected age group by benign salivary gland lesion was 31-40 years and those with malignant salivary gland lesion was 41-50 years.Conclusions: FNA cytology provides useful information for the management of salivary gland lesions and prevents unnecessary surgery in cases of nonneoplastic lesions and identification of malignancy helps the surgeon in deciding type and extent of surgery.
Role of nebivolol in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Rudrapogu John Satish , Govind Biju , Unnagiri Adinarayana
Published: November 2019

Background: Anthracyclines are extensively used in the treatment of breast cancer. However, these therapeutic agents are responsible for chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Aim of this study was to assess the effect of use of prophylactic nebivolol for the prevention of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients.Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, single-blind, and placebo-controlled trial involving 80 participants with breast cancer, scheduled to undergo chemotherapy with doxorubicin. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: the nebivolol group (n=40) to receive nebivolol 5 mg daily and the placebo group (n=40) to receive placebo. All patients were evaluated with baseline Electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography prior to treatment, and at the 6-month follow-up. Echocardiography included 2D echocardiography, colour doppler and tissue doppler imaging.Results: The study groups had comparable baseline echocardiographic variables. At the 6-month echocardiographic follow-up, there were no changes of statistical significance in any 2D echocardiographic variables in either group. However, there were minimal reductions of 0.4% in left ventricular ejection fraction in the nebivolol group (62.2±4.4% to 61.9±4.2%, p=0.75) and 1.6% in the placebo group (62.8±3.6% to 61.8±3.2%, p=0.18). Doppler examinations also did not reveal any statistically significant changes in variables such as peak A velocity, peak E velocity, E/A ratio, isovolumic relaxation time, and isovolemic contraction time in either group.Conclusions: Prophylactic use of nebivolol treatment may possess cardioprotective properties against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients although not statistically significant in this study.
Effect on serum potassium level in patients of diabetic nephropathy on spironolactone and ramipril over follow up period
Authors: Naresh Ashish , Singh Mahendra Pal , Giri Richa
Published: November 2019

Background: The study was conducted to evaluate the change in serum potassium level over follow up period in patients of diabetic nephropathy on spironolactone (25 mg) and ramipril (5 mg) and compare the results with diabetic nephropathy patients on Spironolactone (25 mg) alone.Methods: A comparative, prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded experimental study was conducted on 56 patients (30-70 yr.) of diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus showing proteinuria. Total duration of study was about one year from October 2017 to October 2018. Inclusion criteria followed in study were Age 30-70 years, diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, serum potassium level <5 meq/l, estimated GFR >30 ml/min/1.73m2 and HbA1c <10%. Exclusion criteria were type 1 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance secondary to endocrine disease, exocrine pancreatic disease, SBP >180 mmHg DBP >110 mmHg, UTI, hematuria, acute febrile illness, vigorous exercise, short-term pronounced hyperglycemia, obstructive uropathy, confirmed or suspected renal artery disease by USG doppler study, Serum potassium level >5.5 meq/l. Patients were divided in two groups, group A (n= 28, spironolactone 25 mg and ramipril 5 mg) and group B (n=27, spironolactone 25 mg). Subjects were followed over 12 weeks and baseline and 12-week serum potassium being compared. Other baseline base line laboratory investigation such as serum lipid profile, HbA1c, eGFR, fundus examination, ultrasonography (KUB), serum urea, serum creatinine, hemoglobin, were taken at the starting point.Results: Both the group after receiving respective drug were followed for 3-month duration and serum potassium level measured at end of 3 months. Mean values of baseline and follow up serum potassium for group A and group B were 4.24±0.59, 4.07±0.61 and 4.35±0.55, 4.16±0.61 respectively, p value found to be >0.05 at 95% CI.Conclusions: In the study it was concluded that p value found to be >0.05 at 95% C.I denoting that there is no significant difference between mean value of base line and follow up serum potassium value in both group. None of patients in either group had experienced hyperkalaemia over follow up period though serum potassium level were slightly higher in group A, but this difference was statistically not significant. Follow up period of study should be long enough to comment on safety profile of combining spironolactone and ACE inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy patients.
A study of impact of stress: examinations on menstrual cycle among medical students
Authors: Rathi Anant Kumar , Agrawal Megha , Baniya Girish Chandra
Published: November 2019

Background: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), a common problem among adolescent girls, is associated with various physical, mental and behavioral symptoms that lead to social and occupational impairment. Stress has also been hypothesized to be an important etiologic factor. Examination stress may also be responsible for affecting the premenstrual symptoms. The objectives of this study was to study the impact of exam stress on the menstrual cycle and the relationship of perceived stress with the severity of premenstrual symptoms. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted among female medical students of final MBBS, who were candidate of upcoming exams. They were assessed on semi structured socio-demographic and menstrual history proforma, ACOG guidelines, DSM-5 criteria, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Premenstrual Symptom Screening Tool (PSST).Results: As per ACOG guidelines, 66% participants had PMS and 6% participants had PMDD according to DSM-5 criteria. On PSST total 88% participants had premenstrual symptoms and out of them 58% had mild/no PMS while 30% had moderate to severe PMS. 5% participants also fulfilled criteria for PMDD on PSST. Stress was found to be mild in 26% and moderate in 74% participants on PSS. PMS was found in 93.75% participants who had painful menstruation (dysmenorrhea) and this association was statistically significant. Data wise 73.1% participants having mild stress had PMS, while 93.2% participants having moderate stress, had PMS and this association was found to be statistically significant.  Surprisingly not a single participant consulted to any health care provider for their menstruation related problems.Conclusions: Premenstrual Syndrome is common in adolescent girls and exam stress is an important etiological factor. PMS/PMDD was found significantly higher in participants who had dysmenorrhea and moderate stress. A positive and highly significant correlation was also found between the severity of stress and severity of premenstrual symptoms.
Study to determine serum vitamin D levels in patients with congestive heart failure
Authors: Wadhera Nishant , Kalra Geetika , Gupta Abhishek , Singhal Saurabh , Jha S. K.
Published: November 2019

Background: It was to evaluate the association of serum levels of vitamin D in patients with congestive heart failure.Methods: The present study was conducted in the department of Medicine at Chattrapati Shivaji Subharti Hospital among 100 patients, aged 18 years and above diagnosed as congestive heart failure on the basis of clinical and echocardiographic evidence. Clinical manifestations looked for CHF were: Dyspnea, orthopnea, acute pulmonary edema, cerebral symptoms, cheyne-stokes respiration, cyanosis, sinus tachycardia, raised jugular venous pressure, congestive hepatomegaly and pedal edema. In the present study deficiency/ insufficiency of vitamin D was considered when the presence of levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was <30 ng/ml. Laboratory tests performed to diagnose congestive heart failure and serum vitamin D levels were complete blood count, KFT (urea, serum creatinine), serum electrolytes, ECG, chest X ray and echocardiogram. Data were tabulated and examined using the statistical package for Social Sciences Version 22.0.Results: When data was assessed for comparison in relation to NHYA grades and vitamin D levels, it was found to be statistically significant. The Mean±SD scores of serum urea (mg/dL) was found to be 44.7±56.4, 47.3±63.8 and 36.4± 18.3 in whole study sample, vitamin D levels <30 and vitamin D levels >30 respectively with statistically significant difference. The Mean±SD scores of CPK MB (IU/L) was found to be 33.1±20.8 and 18.6±13.3 among the subjects having vitamin D levels <30 and vitamin D levels >30 respectively with statistically significant difference.Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that low levels of vitamin D may adversely affect the cardiovascular system.
A study to assess receipt and utilization of janani suraksha yojana cash incentive among mothers in urban slums of Raipur city, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Sahu Divya , Khes Beck Shanta P. , Soni G. P. , Ekka Abha , Dixit Srishti , Chandrakar Tripti
Published: November 2019

Background: Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) replaces the National Maternity Benefit Scheme. It was launched by the Government of India in April 2005. The aim was to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality by increasing institutional delivery by providing cash incentive to the beneficiaries as well as the link worker ASHA. Objectives of this study was to assess receipt of Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) cash incentive and to assess fields of utilization of Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) cash incentive.Methods: A Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 mothers delivered within last one year in urban slum of Raipur city. Study centre was department of community medicine, Pt. J.N.M. medical college Raipur, Chhattisgarh. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used to interview the study subjects.Results: Out of total 384 study subject’s cheque of JSY cash incentive was received by 70.83%. All (100%) beneficiaries who received cheque was stipulated amount as per JSY guideline. Reasons for not receiving cheque was no availability of BPL card for those who delivered in accredited private health facility. Other reasons were absconded after delivery, unaware of cash incentive, did not go back to get the cheque when called later, patient shifted to another ward. None of the study subjects who delivered at home received the cash incentive cheque. Realization of cheque was not done by 22.79% of study subjects due to complex procedure to open an account in bank. Cash incentive money was utilized in neonatal care, drugs, food, household activities and some deposited in bank.Conclusions: JSY scheme is definitely functioning well in terms of providing cash incentive cheque of JSY on delivery in Government Health facility. There is need to simplify the procedure to open an account so that beneficiaries can avail cash incentive money. There is need to address the problems to receive cheque in home delivery and accredited Private health facility in addition to motivation for institutional delivery.
Antibacterial activities of combination of ethanol extract of Delima fruit (Punica granatum L.) and Sereh stem (Cymbopogon citratus) on Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Pebrina Melia , Sari Indah Komala , Arman Eliza , Morika Honesty Diana
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT Background: Pomegranates contain chemical saponins and flavonoids while lemongrass stems have flavonoid chemical compounds. Substances that can inhibit the linking of bacteria are saponins and flavonoids. The most common microorganism found in ulcus diabetikum (ulcer diabetes) is Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of a combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and ethanol extract of lemongrass stems against S. aureus bacteria.Methods: This study used an experimental design with a complete randomized design study divided into 5 groups: groups 1 (75:25), 2 (50:50), 3 (25:75), positive control (tetracycline) and negative control. Manufacture of pomegranate peel extract and lemongrass stems was done by maceration method for further rotary, after the extract was obtained tested for antibacterial activity by diffusion method using a cylinder. With the test used analysis of variance one way.Results: The results of this study showed that the combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and citronella stem ethanol extract showed activity against S. aureus with a ratio of 15 ul:5 ul, 15 ul:15 ul, 5 ul:15 ul with inhibitory diameter of  respectively 13 mm, 11 mm, 8 mm. Whereas for positive control with chloramphenicol, the inhibition area is 9 mm.Conclusions: Statistically the combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and lemongrass stems has antibacterial power which uses p=0.005 and p<0.05. The combination of pomegranate ethanol extract and lemongrass stems has very strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus due to inhibition zones of 10-20 mm.
The art of malaria education: an arts-based malaria education model, Pepease-Kwahu, Ghana
Authors: Ntim Stephanie B. , Johnson Katherine J.
Published: November 2019

Background: Malaria is a major health concern in Ghana as well as other countries in West Africa, where it is estimated that more than 300 million people are at risk of malaria infection. While prior research has highlighted promising school-based interventions often facilitated through textbook information or teacher-based lectures to promote awareness about the disease, less is known as to how well such interventions are able to actively involve and engage students in learning about malaria in their schools.Methods: This research examines the role of the performing arts as a heuristic for student-centered teaching and learning about malaria. Using a convergent parallel mixed-methods study design, an arts-based malaria education model was deployed in a junior high school in Pepease-Kwahu, Ghana.Results: The proposed product included a peer-peer education model through which students (n=77) demonstrated their learning of malaria through their own creation and participation in poetry, song, dance, and drama performances. Pre- and post- paper-based surveys, coupled with focus groups with student participants (n=10) were used to examine the impact of this program.Conclusions: Research findings currently show that the arts-based malaria education program can be beneficial to students, by requiring them to use the performing arts to engage with information about malaria transmission, prevention, and treatment. Students correctly identified that the malarial parasite is transmitted by a mosquito bite, and they correctly identified symptoms of malaria, although students were reluctant to say that they will regularly use insecticide-treated bed nets as a preventive measure for malaria.
A study on type of emergencies brought to C. U. Shah Medical College and Hospital by 108 and awareness regarding the services in the general population of Surendranagar, Gujarat
Authors: Joshi Jwalant B. , Jadeja Yadeepsinh M. , Jasani Pratik K.
Published: November 2019

Background: Emergency response service (ERS) is associated with medical, police emergency and fire. In the Indian context, a much discussed and successful public-private partnership (PPP) model for ERS is the 108 emergency service being managed and operationalized by EMRI. The World Health Organization has projected that by 2020 road crashes will be a major killer in India. It is a well-accepted fact that a patient who receives basic care from trained professionals and transported to the nearest healthcare facility within 15-20 minutes of an emergency has the greatest chance of survival and terms like ‘The Golden Hour’ and the ‘Platinum Ten Minutes’ that imply the importance of it.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in Surendranagar district. Out of 10 talukas of district 4 talukas were selected randomly; out of them one village was selected from each taluka. 20 houses were selected randomly from each village; one adult male and one adult female from selected house were included for the study.Results: 100% respondents knew that 108 could be used for medical emergencies where as 3.57% and 6.43% of respondents, respectively, knew that it also could be used for police and fire type of emergencies. Awareness regarding ‘108’ services and literacy status of respondents showed statistically significant association.Conclusions: Although people were aware about ‘108’ service and had faith in the service, there is large gap in knowledge as to how and when to utilize it including police and fire emergencies.
Knowledge, attitude and behaviour towards seasonal influenza: a community based study in rural Vadodara
Authors: Makwana Bharati L. , Modi Parth R. , Shringarpure Kalpita S.
Published: November 2019

Background: Seasonal influenza, though contagious, is preventable, provided the community and its people are aware of its mode of transmission and basic steps of prevention.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the rural field practice area of a Medical College Baroda in the month of February 2019, when the seasonal influenza cases were at its peak. A house to house survey was carried out to enquire about the knowledge, attitude, behavior related to seasonal influenza and its source of information. The structured questionnaire was based on the information, education and communication material displayed by the Health Department for the General Public. Respondents between the age of 15-60 years were interviewed after informed consent. Data-entry and analysis was done in Epi-Data software.Results: Out of 633 respondents, two-thirds of the respondents (427, 67.5%) were aware about seasonal influenza (swine flu). They were aware about common symptoms of flu such as cough, running nose and fever (43.8%, 43% and 41.4% respectively). Majority of those who knew about the flu were aware of it being preventable (59%); 37% knew it could be prevented by using a handkerchief, while 30% were aware about avoiding crowded places. Source of information was television (33%), followed by health care provider (14%) and newspaper (12%).Conclusions: Two-thirds of the respondents in the rural area were aware about seasonal influenza as a disease; majority of them knew that it could be prevented. The source of information was mainly media and health care providers. Attempts to improve the dissemination of information and behavior change communication is the way forward.
Evaluation of prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and its risk factors in a patients coming to the rural health training centre in district Panvel of Maharashtra
Authors: Gethe Rahul
Published: November 2019

Background: A systematic review done by Anchala et al concluded that one-third of urban adult Indians and close to one fourth of rural adult Indians are hypertensive. Overall prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in India, after weighting the regional population size, was 29.8%. As of 2014, 8.3% of the world’s adult population suffered from diabetes, with low-income countries in Africa and Asia bearing the brunt of this burden. Objectives of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in patients coming to the rural health training centre (RHTC). To find out the association of selected risk factors with hypertension and diabetes.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in RHTC, Panvel Maharashtra in July 2019 (1 month) with sample size of 300.Results: A total 133 patients had normal BMI, 124 were overweight and 48 were obese Out of total patients, 222 had normal blood pressure, 46 were pre- hypertensive and 32 were hypertensive. 42 patients had random blood glucose level more than 200 mg/dl.Conclusions: There was association of body mass index, age and sex with both hypertension and high blood sugar level whereas association of addiction was present with high blood sugar level.
Assessment of magnitude of physical activity among rural high school children of Nelamangala taluk, Bengaluru: a cross sectional study
Authors: Kumar S. Nandish , Jadhav Jyothi , T. S. Ranganath , . Vishwanatha
Published: November 2019

Background: In India, more than two thirds of adolescents aged 11-17 years have insufficient physical activity. Though data on prevalence of physical activity among adolescents with reference to WHO criteria are available, very few studies have assessed the magnitude of physical activity. Hence, the study was conducted to assess the magnitude of physical activity among rural high school children of Nelamangala Taluk, Bengaluru.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 high school students from 6 co-education schools. Magnitude of physical activity was assessed using physical activity questionnaire for adolescents (PAQ-A), a self-reported, validated questionnaire.Results: Mean age of the study participants was 14.35 years. 112 (56%) of them were female and 123 (61.5%) of them were studying in 10th standard. 100 (50%) of them were from government or aided school. Final Physical activity score of study participants was 2.39±0.64. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the final physical activity score between males and females. Government or aided school participants had a better final score than those of private school and the difference was statistically significant. Final physical activity score decreased with their promotion to higher class. There was no significant difference between activity levels during physical education class across variables like sex, class studying and type of school.Conclusions: Physical activity was better among males, government school participants and those studying in lower class in comparison to their counterparts. Majority of this difference can be attributed to activities happening beyond the school hours.
Delay for pentavalent vaccine: a hospital based cross sectional study
Authors: Andurkar Smita , Pagdal Pallavi Hiralal , Doibole Mohan Kondiba
Published: November 2019

Background: Young children are often at increased risk for illness and death related to infectious diseases, and vaccine delays may leave them vulnerable at ages with a high risk of contracting several vaccine-preventable diseases This study examined delay for each pentavalent vaccine in the universal immunization programme and the factors that influence untimely vaccinations.Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study done on 45 days to-12 months aged children attending the immunisation clinic held at government medical college and hospital Aurangabad, Maharashtra. Data was collected from the records on health card as well from mother with the help of pretested pre-structured questionnaire for predictors of delay.Results: Total 411 children aging 45 days to 12 months were enrolled in the study. For pentavalent 1 vaccine, 83.69% received vaccine without delay and 16.31% were delayed. 43.53% were delayed for pentavalent 2 vaccine, 224 children received pentavalent 3 vaccine, out of them 80.35% received within time whereas 19.65% were delayed. We found birth order, parent’s education, working status of mother, mother’s age below 18; parity had statistically significant association with delay. Unawareness about the right timings of vaccination and immunization schedules held at periphery, parents delaying vaccine for minor sickness of baby, were the main reasons observed for delay.Conclusions: A total 83.69% children received vaccine within the recommended time. Still 16.31% children experience delay for the vaccination. Reasons for delay observed can be overcome by appropriate counselling of mother by health care workers at the first time of vaccination which will improve the adherence and avoid delay in future to immunisation schedule.
Determinants of pesticide exposure among workers in floriculture industry in rural Maharashtra
Authors: Dandekar Ashlesha A. , Raje Swati S. , Kadale Prajakta G.
Published: November 2019

Background: Pesticides are extensively used in floriculture where workers are mostly unskilled and may not have appropriate knowledge about safety. Acute accidents during spraying are reported, chronic exposure goes unnoticed. There are not many Indian studies regarding health risks and safety practices among floriculture workers in India. Hence this study to assess pesticide exposure, to find their determinants and suggest appropriate preventive measures.Methods: Study was cross sectional in Floriculture Park, Talegaon (D), Pune, Maharashtra, India using cluster sampling from February 2018 to July 2019. Prevalence of morbidities being 63% sample size was calculated as 111 (allowable error 15%). Socio-demographic, work and health related variables were recorded using a pretested structured questionnaire. Clinical examination and laboratory investigations were done by medical experts.Results: A total of 118 workers participated. Only half (51.2%) were using personal protective devices. None were following reentry guidelines. 13.3% males and 4.1% females had low serum cholinesterase level which is a biomarker of pesticide exposure. Sprayers had significantly high risk of low serum cholinesterase levels (OR=3.31) as compared to others. With exposed subjects which included both sprayers as well as polyhouse workers the association increased with OR=4.27. However association was not significant when working in polyhouse alone was considered as a risk factor (OR=1.256).Conclusions: Presence of exposure was the only factor that had a statistically significant association with low Serum Cholinesterase levels. Safe occupational practices like use of personal protective devices, rotation of exposed workers, monitoring of serum cholinesterase levels and health education of workers should be undertaken.
How is silent ‘non-alcoholic fatty liver disease’ epidemic perceived in India? A community based cross sectional study
Authors: Lavekar Anurag , Satyanarayana Pradeep Tarikere , Lavekar Anagha
Published: November 2019

Background: One of the diseases assuming fast importance is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which is a clinical syndrome characterized by predominant macrovesicular steatosis of the liver which is an umbrella term for a range of liver conditions affecting people who drink little or no alcohol. Only mild to moderate elevation of serum transaminases which could be only laboratory abnormality found in NAFLD. So with this background, the study was started with the objectives of assessing the perceptions of general population regarding NAFLD and factors influencing perceptions of general population regarding NAFLD.Methods: It was a community based cross sectional study carried out for a period of 12 months from January 2018 to December 2018 among in Nanded, Maharashtra. Around 422 households were involved after simple random sampling. To assess perceptions a pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used which had 27 questions. All data collected was entered in Microsoft excel and analysed using SPSS v22.Results: Out of 422 participants, 147 (34.8%) were in the age group of 31-40 years, 333 (78.9%) were male participants, 179 (42.5%) were graduates, 284 (67.3%) belonged to joint family, 140 (33.2%) belonged to Modified BG Prasad classification 2018. 181 (42.9%) had satisfactory perception regarding NAFLD. Females, participants aged more than 40 years, nuclear family participants had better scores.Conclusions: The present study showed majority of the participants had little awareness of NAFLD regardless of their age, gender, or educational status. Awareness of NAFLD must be promoted for prevention, early detection, and treatment especially counseling by primary care physicians preponderant influence in preventive strategy for NAFLD breaking the chain of disease progression.
A cross sectional study to assess knowledge attitude and practices of type 2 diabetes mellitus in urban and rural population of Maharashtra
Authors: Dahake Swati T. , Shaikh Uzma A.
Published: November 2019

Background: Prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing globally, more so in developing countries like India due to rapid urbanization. As India ranks first in diabetes prevalence and will continue to do so in 2025, we must prevent the disease by various measures. Therefore, prevention is important aspects. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of patients having type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: A cross sectional study was done in the urban and rural health centre among 100 diabetes patients in each. Data were collected regarding their knowledge, attitude and practices about diabetes and associated risk factors. Data was analyzed by SPSS 20 version.Results: Mean age of the study respondents were 50.45 and 52.50 years in urban and rural health centers respectively. We found that most patients are having good knowledge about diabetes mellitus in urban health centre while rural population had low knowledge. Both groups had most subjects with low level of education and low income groups. Very low percent of people know about the complications of diabetes mellitus in both the groups.Conclusions: This study showed that there was good knowledge, attitude and practice in urban and very poor knowledge, attitude and practices in rural about the diabetes which needs to be increased. Life style modification is needed for reducing the complications of diabetes mellitus.
Outbreak investigation and control measures following dengue fever cases in Vadodara, July-August 2017
Authors: Damor Raman D. , Maliwad Jyotsna F. , Shringarpure Kalpita S. , Chawda Bansari L. , Pandya Neelam N. , Vadodariya Varoon J.
Published: November 2019

Background: Dengue fever is one of the major public health problems among all the vector born diseases. It is an emerging disease of tropical and sub-tropical regions, affecting urban, peri-urban and rural areas. Twenty five cases of dengue fever were reported in our hospital and other private hospitals from Undera village, which is in the peri urban area of Vadodara, so an investigation was carried out. The objective of this study is to find out the incidence and demographic details of people affected by fever during the outbreak and to find the environmental factors responsible for the outbreak.Methods: Community based, cross-sectional, direct interviewing of community members of Undera village in Vadodara district was carried out on 21st August 2017 and 23rd August 2017.Results: In this outbreak investigation, 219 fever cases were reported from 2930 population residing in 645 houses. There were 25 confirmed cases of dengue fever, out of which three deaths were reported. This included one pregnant woman during this outbreak. Seventy percent of fever cases were in the age group 0-30 years. Daily wagers were affected more than other occupations. At least one fever case was reported from 109 houses. Breeding places for mosquitoes were observed surrounding the houses from were fever cases reported.Conclusions: The dengue fever outbreak was confirmed through laboratory as well as clinico-epidemiological correlation with confirmed clinical picture and presence of breading places of Aedes mosquitoes. The fatality rate was 12% and there were three complicated deaths.
Surgical outcome with single stage procedure for neglected congenital talipes equinovarus
Authors: Chandak Vishal H. , Khatri Ketan J. , Chandak Shraddha H.
Published: November 2019

Background: Congenital talipes equinovarus is one of the commonest congenital anomalies. In developing countries like India especially in the rural population still there are many myths, culture and awareness issues regarding this deformity. Many patients get initial treatment with casting but tend loose follow ups in this prolonged treatment. To give optimal results in these scenarios, the technique for single stage procedure which includes bony and soft tissue repair gives excellent results.

Methods: In a retrospective longitudinal study, 13 children with neglected clubfeet were involved. Valid consent, clinical and radiological evaluation was done. Patients underwent single stage (bony and soft tissue) procedure described in the study. Post operatively data was collected and scoring was done as per International clubfoot study group (ICSG) at each follow ups.

Results: A total 13 children out of whom 9 were male and 4 females, all having unilateral deformity were studied. The age group was between 5-22 years (mean 13.5). Postoperatively, the children were followed at 6 months intervals. As per ICSG score 10 patients had excellent results, 3 patients had good results and none had poor results. 2 patients had minor complication - delayed wound healing (2-3 weeks).

Conclusions: Treatment of neglected clubfoot using single stage procedure dorsal close wedge osteotomy with soft tissue release has a high rate of good and excellent results, with low frequency of complications. It is a good alternative to conventional procedures for management of neglected clubfeet in developing countries, where compliance of patient is a problem.
Jóvenes escritores en la red: un estudio exploratorio sobre perfiles de Wattpad
Authors: García-Roca Anastasio , De-Amo José Manuel
Published: November 2019

Este artículo explora el perfil general de usuarios de Wattpad, red de lectura social que cuenta con una sección de autopublicación para jóvenes escritores. El campo de interés está centrado en el análisis de las entrevistas escritas voluntariamente entre usuarios de la plataforma en las que se exponen sus reflexiones metaliterarias sobre el proceso creativo y la construcción de su canon de lecturas personal. Se ha realizado una investigación descriptiva no experimental para la que se han contado con un total de 146 entrevistas a escritores publicadas en este espacio de afinidad. Los resultados obtenidos proporcionan una relación detallada de las características específicas de sus miembros. La línea de investigación en que se incardina este estudio es especialmente relevante para el diseño e implementación de propuestas de innovación relacionadas con la educación literaria en el ámbito escolar, ya que permite comprender los mecanismos de participación interactiva y los procesos de formación lectora en contextos de aprendizaje informal.
La lectura de los estereotipos femeninos en Anticípolis de Luis de Oteyza
Authors: Galloso-Camacho María-Victoria , Alonso-López Carmen-María
Published: November 2019

En las primeras décadas del siglo XX, Nueva York se convirtió en la imagen de la modernidad. Ante la crisis de identidad nacional que sufría España, la ciudad se cristalizó como tema estrella en las letras españolas, representando un posible modelo en la pugna entre tradición y modernidad. Paralelamente, se produjeron en todo el mundo importantes cambios sociales, en especial para las mujeres. Tomando como referencia la representación de Nueva York en la novela de Luis de Oteyza, Anticípolis, analizaremos los estereotipos femeninos que aparecen y observaremos la disputa entre modernidad y tradición representadas en el conflicto entre los personajes principales. El objetivo de este artículo es indagar en los procesos de modernización en la situación de la mujer que están implícitos en el conflicto entre los modelos femeninos del “ángel del hogar” y la “flapper”.
Estrategias didácticas en torno a la lectura empleadas en la formación inicial del profesorado en España
Authors: Álvarez-Álvarez Carmen , Pascual-Díez Julián
Published: November 2019

Las estrategias didácticas en torno a la lectura en la formación inicial del profesorado pueden repercutir en las prácticas docentes de los futuros maestros en las aulas de la Educación Primaria. En este artículo se presenta un estudio cualitativo en el que han participado 73 profesores universitarios sobre las estrategias didácticas que siguen al impartir materias relacionadas con la didáctica de la lectura y la literatura en el Grado de Educación Primaria en la universidad española. El análisis de los datos ha permitido identificar numerosas prácticas docentes y organizarlas en torno a tres grandes categorías: estrategias didácticas dirigidas al desarrollo de habilidades académicas, dirigidas a conocer habilidades docentes y dirigidas al desarrollo de prácticas lectoras en los estudiantes. Es posible concluir que los docentes emplean una gran diversidad de métodos y actividades, que resultan complementarios, con un fuerte componente innovador y práctico, que responden a una doble finalidad: favorecer una aproximación afectiva del alumnado de magisterio hacia la lectura y la literatura y dotar a este de las herramientas teórico-prácticas que le ayuden a desarrollar su labor de mediación lectora con éxito.
Análisis semiótico y multimodal de los escenarios de libros álbumes que retan estereotipos de género
Authors: Cañamares-Torrijos Cristina , Moya-Guijarro Arsenio-Jesús
Published: November 2019

Este artículo pretende identificar las estrategias visuales que a nivel circunstancial (metafunción representativa) utilizan autores e ilustradores de tres libros álbum para fomentar un discurso de género progresista. Los cuentos seleccionados para su análisis son The Paper Bag Princess de Robert Musch y Michael Martchenko (2015), Piggybook de Anthony Browne (1996) y I’m a girl de Yasmeen Ismail (2015). Todos promueven la igualdad social y están escritos o traducidos al inglés. Se analiza, para ello, si los personajes femeninos se mantienen siempre en los mismos escenarios y si el grado de detalle en información circunstancial se mantiene o varia en ilustraciones sucesivas, produciéndose cambios en el estatus social de los personajes. El enfoque utilizado para desarrollar este estudio es la Semiótica Social de Halliday (1978) y Kress y van Leeuwen (2006), desarrollada posteriormente por Painter, Martin y Unsworth (2013) para el estudio de las imágenes en los libros álbum. El análisis realizado revela que los personajes aparecen en contextos diferentes que hacen avanzar a las figuras protagonistas desde el interior de sus respectivos hogares hasta el exterior o hacia nuevas localizaciones, que conducen hacia su emancipación e independencia.