bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Weight stigma among dental professionals and in the dental setting: a scoping review
Authors: Malik Zanab , Higgins Denise , Williams Kathryn , Cockrell Deborah , E. Collins Clare
Published: November 2023

Abstract

Background Weight stigma refers to discriminatory acts and ideologies targeted towards individuals because of their body weight and/or size. Weight stigma in healthcare settings generates major health disparities. To date, there have been no previous reviews exploring the issue of weight stigma among dental professionals (DPs) and in the dental setting.

Aims To synthesise current evidence on weight stigma among DPs and in dental care settings via a scoping review.

Methods A comprehensive search was carried out across four relevant electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, Psychinfo and Cinahl). A total of 25 full-text papers were included in the scoping review.

Results Most papers addressed the subject of weight stigma as a secondary finding (20 papers). Both quantitative and qualitative study methods were used to explore weight stigma across the broad categories of attitudes and beliefs about obesity, weight-based discussions, obesity education and training and service implications of obesity. Recommendations regarding weight stigma among DPs and in the dental setting were proposed but have not been formally assessed.

Conclusion Further studies addressing weight stigma in dental settings, including causes and consequences among DPs, are required to better inform and address this issue.
Green spectrofluorimetric quantification of aspirin, olmesartan, and metoprolol in spiked human plasma
Authors: Alqahtani Ali , Alqahtani Taha , Gahtani Reem M. , Ramzy Sherif
Published: November 2023

Low dose aspirin is routinely taken with antihypertensive drugs such as olmesartan and metoprolol to avoid the cardiovascular and renal outcomes associated with high blood pressure. The first spectrofluorimetric method for quantifying aspirin, olmesartan, and metoprolol in spiked human plasma is described here. The emission/excitation wavelengths of Aspirin, olmesartan, and metoprolol were 404 nm/290 nm, 372 nm/250 nm, and 302 nm/230 nm, respectively. The native fluorescence spectra of metoprolol do not overlap with those of aspirin or olmesartan, although the spectra of aspirin and olmesartan overlap. As a result, metoprolol could be measured directly in a mixture at 302 nm following excitation at 230 nm. Using synchronous fluorescence spectrometry at Δλ = 110 allowed for the determination of olmesartan at 364 nm with no interference from aspirin and metoprolol. Coupling the synchronous fluorescence spectrometry with second-order derivative allowed for the determination of aspirin at 426 nm with no interference from olmesartan and metoprolol. The suggested approach has been validated using ICH M10 criteria for bioanalytical method validation and was effectively utilized for quantification of tested medications in human plasma with reasonable accuracy and precision findings. Furthermore, using two greenness metrics, the Green Analytical Procedure Index and the Analytical GREEnness, the suggested method obtained a high greenness score.
Electrical stimulation mitigates muscle degradation shift in gene expressions during 12-h mechanical ventilation
Authors: Nakai Hideki , Hirata Yutaka , Furue Hidemasa , Oku Yoshitaka
Published: November 2023

Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD), a dysfunction of the diaphragm muscle caused by prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV), is an important factor that hinders successful weaning from ventilation. We evaluated the effects of electrical stimulation of the diaphragm muscle (pulsed current with off-time intervals) on genetic changes during 12 h of MV (E-V12). Rats were divided into four groups: control, 12-h MV, sham operation, and E-V12 groups. Transcriptome analysis using an RNA microarray revealed that 12-h MV caused upregulation of genes promoting muscle atrophy and downregulation of genes facilitating muscle synthesis, suggesting that 12-h MV is a reasonable method for establishing a VIDD rat model. Of the genes upregulated by 12-h MV, 18 genes were not affected by the sham operation but were downregulated by E-V12. These included genes related to catabolic processes, inflammatory cytokines, and skeletal muscle homeostasis. Of the genes downregulated by 12-h MV, 6 genes were not affected by the sham operation but were upregulated by E-V12. These included genes related to oxygen transport and mitochondrial respiration. These results suggested that 12-h MV shifted gene expression in the diaphragm muscle toward muscle degradation and that electrical stimulation counteracted this shift by suppressing catabolic processes and increasing mitochondrial respiration.
Gamma In Addition to Neutron Tomography (GIANT) at the NECTAR instrument
Authors: Kumar Richi , Sommer Lucas , Tremsin Anton S. , Losko Adrian S.
Published: November 2023

The NECTAR instrument provides access to thermal and fast neutrons which are suitable for non-destructive inspection of large and dense objects. Scintillators are used in combination with a camera system for radiography and tomography. Gamma-rays are produced as inevitable by-products of the neutron production. Furthermore, these gamma-rays are highly directional due to their constraint to the same beam-line geometry and come with similar divergence as the neutrons. We demonstrate how these gamma-rays, previously treated as beam contamination can be used as a complementary probe. While difficult to shield, it is possible to utilize them by using gamma sensitive scintillator screens in place of the neutron sensitive scintillators, viewed by the same camera based detector system. The combination of multiple probes often provides complementary information that can result in a better contrast or insight into the sample composition, for a broader range of materials and applications. Hence dual-mode imaging, combining thermal/cold neutrons with X-ray imaging has been developed at many neutron facilities. With X-rays limited in penetration of dense materials to millimeters only, we present a multimodal imaging technique that is capable of penetrating cm-sized objects using thermal to fast neutrons with the addition of gamma-rays by changing the combination of scintillator and beam filter used at the NECTAR instrument.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric acute conjunctivitis disease trends
Authors: Lev Ari Omer , Hazan Itai , Moran-Gilad Jacob , Kerman Tomer , Tsumi Erez
Published: November 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic notably influenced the transmission of infectious diseases across various age groups. In this study, we assessed its impact on pediatric acute conjunctivitis trends in southern Israel. We analyzed acute conjunctivitis diagnoses from 2017 to 2022, categorizing them into pre-lockdown, lockdown, and post-lockdown intervals. A control group of non-infectious dermatologic conditions was included. Time-series analysis, adjusted for seasonality, was employed. Pre-lockdown data indicated steady conjunctivitis diagnoses, primarily in winter. Post-lockdown interval exhibited an added summer peak before the regular winter surge. The lockdown saw a 56% decline in diagnoses, most pronounced in younger ages. Post-lockdown observed a 7% overall drop with age-specific variations. The acute conjunctivitis IRR was 0.44 (95% CI 0.39–0.49) during lockdowns and 0.93 (95% CI 0.86–1.02) post-lockdowns. Control group IRRs were 0.84 (95% CI 0.78–0.89) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.84–0.96), respectively, with the 0–5 age range demonstrating significant disparities. Pediatric acute conjunctivitis in southern Israel decreased significantly during the pandemic. Post-lockdown patterns varied by age group. An unusual summer peak in cases was observed post-lockdown; this peak may be influenced by a combination of altered behaviors in the summer and possibly increased susceptibility to infection.
Biomechanics and finite element analysis of a novel plate designed for posterolateral tibial plateau fractures via the anterolateral approach
Authors: Zhang CongMing , Bai HuanAn , Ma Teng , Liu Lu , Li Zhong , Zhang Kun , Huang Qiang , Wang Qian
Published: November 2023

Surgical management of posterolateral tibial plateau (PLTP) fractures is challenging. One reason for this challenge is the lack of suitable internal fixation devices. Our aim was to introduce a novel plate via the anterolateral approach for managing PLTP fractures. The biomechanical testing and finite element analysis (FEA) were performed. PLTP fracture models were created using synthetic tibias (n = 10 within each group). These models were randomly assigned to three groups (groups A-C) and fixed with the lateral locking plate, the posterior buttress plate, and the novel plate, respectively. The vertical displacement of the posterolateral fragments was evaluated using biomechanical testing and FEA under axial loads of 250 N, 500 N, and 750 N. We also evaluated the stress distribution and maximum stress of each fracture model using FEA. Biomechanically, under the same loads of 250 N, 500 N, or 750 N, the vertical displacement was significantly different among the three fixation groups (p ≤ 0.001). FEA data indicated that the maximum displacement from group A to C was 3.58 mm, 3.23 mm, and 2.78 mm at 750 N, respectively. The maximum stress from group A to C was 220.88 MPa, 194.63 MPa, and 156.77 MPa in implants, and 62.02 MPa, 77.71 MPa, and 54.15 MPa in bones at 750 N, respectively. The general trends at 250 N and 500 N were consistent with those at 750 N. Based on our biomechanical and FEA results, the novel plate could be a good option for treating PLTP fractures. The novel plate showed stable and reliable features, indicating its suitability for further clinical application.
Biomass Synthesis of Carbon Dots
Authors: Xing Yanzhi , Chen Xuwei , Wang Jianhua
Published: November 2023

This chapter evaluates in detail the composition, structure, properties and application characteristics of carbon dots (CDs) derived from different kinds of biomass. Using biomass as a carbon source can effectively prevent environmental pollution and reduce the costs of synthesis. It will provide new possibilities for the comprehensive utilization of waste and large-scale preparation of CDs. The synthesis of CDs from biomass has many advantages. Firstly, biomass is renewable, cheap, offers high-yield, and comes from a wide range of sources. Biomass-derived CDs can be mass-produced and have good biocompatibility. Second, the biomass carbon source itself could function as a heteroatom dopant to prepare doped CDs without deliberately introducing other passivators or functionalization. Finally, the structure and mechanism of the synthesis CDs are not clearly elucidated. However, the biomass-derived CDs have their own characteristics, owing to the unique structural characteristics of different kinds of biomass. Further studies on the optimized control of physical, chemical, and optical properties of CDs derived from raw materials are necessary, but biomass is likely to become the most popular carbon source in the future.
Alternatives to PFASs for the Surfactant Role in Floor Polish
Authors: Tan Jenna A. , Wardle Tessa A. , Xu Yuning
Published: November 2023

This chapter examines potential alternatives to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in floor polish in response to the 2021 passage of the Maine Legislature bill, “An Act To Stop Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Pollution” (LD 1503), which includes banning PFASs in non-essential use product categories, such as floor polish, by 2030. PFAS alternatives must facilitate the spread of floor polish across a floor surface as a wetting agent and concurrently level the polish, which are the primary functions of PFASs in floor polish. Based on the currently available research information, rhamnolipids and amino acid surfactants, specifically sodium lauroyl glutamate, both demonstrate strong technical potential as leveling agents while being more biodegradable with lower health risks. This chapter discusses the potential of rhamnolipids and sodium lauroyl glutamate as alternatives to PFASs in floor polish products, with rhamnolipids as the leading contender. To further evaluate the viability of rhamnolipids or sodium lauroyl glutamate in floor polish, it is recommended that future studies clarify the final performance of the two biosurfactants on relevant floor surfaces and improve the understanding of aquatic toxicity and long-term effects on human health. Additionally, it is also recommended to explore strategies beyond PFAS replacement to improve hazard concerns surrounding floor polish formulations.
Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Abatement of Ionic Liquids
Authors: Mena I. F. , Diaz E. , Rodriguez J. J. , Mohedano A. F.
Published: November 2023

Ionic liquids (ILs) are potential substitutes for conventional organic solvents. In the synthesis or use of ILs, wastewater discharges may occur that can introduce ILs into the aquatic system. Because of the relatively high solubility of ILs, their presence in the environment is of concern because of their low biodegradability and high ecotoxicity. However, many ILs are not readily degraded in conventional wastewater treatment plants and can accumulate in the environment. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have emerged as technologies able to remove a wide range of recalcitrant pollutants. In this chapter, we evaluate the degradation of different ILs from the imidazolium and pyridinium families by AOPs, including Fenton, catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO), photo-assisted treatments, and electrochemical processes.
Ionic Liquids in Advanced Oil Dispersion
Authors: Padinhattath Sachind Prabha , Chenthamara Baiju , Sangwai Jitendra , Gardas Ramesh L.
Published: November 2023

The poor biodegradability and increased toxicity of conventional chemical dispersants have necessitated the use of environmentally benign dispersants. Ionic liquids (ILs), popularly known as green solvents, have emerged as an alternative eco-friendly dispersant in recent years. This chapter summarises and evaluates IL-based formulations for crude oil dispersion. Experimental and computational studies on ILs in the formation of water-in-oil (W/O) or oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, their aggregation and micellization behaviour, demulsification, toxicological profile, and surface, interface and transport properties are discussed in detail. This chapter aims to understand molecular-level interactions of ILs with oil, explore their potential applications for oil spill remediation and provide relevant information for researchers to develop various eco-friendly IL-based systems.
The role of solvation on the conformational landscape of α-synuclein
Authors: Cheung See Kit Melanie , Cropley Tyler C. , Bleiholder Christian , Chouinard Christopher D. , Sobott Frank , Webb Ian K.
Published: November 2023

A combination of ion mobility/mass spectrometry, solution and gas phase crosslinking reactions, and solution and gas phase molecular modeling was used to determine solution and gas phase conformational preferences of the model IDP alpha synuclein.
Alternative protein encapsulation with MOFs: overcoming the elusive mineralization of HKUST-1 in water
Authors: Díaz Jesús Cases , Giménez-Marqués Mónica
Published: November 2023

Alternative synthetic pathways for biomolecule encapsulation permit to overcome the elusive mineralization process of HKUST-1 in water.
Theoretical analysis of divalent cation effects on aptamer recognition of neurotransmitter targets
Authors: Douaki Ali , Stuber Annina , Hengsteler Julian , Momotenko Dmitry , Rogers David M. , Rocchia Walter , Hirst Jonathan D. , Nakatsuka Nako , Garoli Denis
Published: November 2023

This work demonstrates how molecular dynamics simulations can be a powerful tool to understand the behaviours of aptamer-based sensors.
A proof-of-concept electroreduction-free anodic stripping voltammetry analysis of Ag(i) based on S,N–Ti3C2Tx MXene nanoribbons
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Yi Yinhui , He Yong , Zhu Gangbing
Published: November 2023

A proof-of-concept electroreduction-free anodic stripping voltammetry analysis strategy was designed for Ag(i) detection by preparing S,N–Ti3C2Tx MXene nanoribbons as sensing materials.
Recent progress in controlling the photoluminescence properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes by oxidation and alkylation
Authors: Maeda Yutaka , Zhao Pei , Ehara Masahiro
Published: November 2023

This review comprehensively summarizes the tuning of the near-infrared photoluminescent properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes via oxidation and alkylation.
A switchable and tunable multifunctional terahertz polarization converter based on a graphene metasurface
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wang Guan , Liu Jia , Zuo Shiyi , Li Meichen , Yang Shuang , Jia Yang , Gao Yachen
Published: November 2023

The proposed metasurfaces, enabling polarization conversion and circular dichroism, offer potential for application in waveplate designs and biosensing implementations.
Kinetics of associative detachment of O− + N2 and dissociative attachment of e− + N2O up to 1300 K: chemistry relevant to modeling of transient luminous events
Authors: Shuman Nicholas S. , Miller Thomas M. , Ard Shaun G. , Viggiano Albert A.
Published: November 2023

The rate constants of O− + N2 → N2O + e− from 800 K to 1200 K and the reverse process e− + N2O → O− + N2 from 700 K to 1300 K are measured using a flowing afterglow – Langmuir probe apparatus.
Interfacial interactions of doped-Ti3C2 MXene/MAPbI3 heterostructures: surfaces and the theoretical approach
Authors: Purbayanto Muhammad Abiyyu Kenichi , Arramel  , Koh See Wee , Maddalena Francesco , Moszczyńska Dorota , Manopo Jessie , Darma Yudi , Kowal Dominik , Li Hong , Birowosuto Muhammad Danang , Jastrzębska Agnieszka Maria
Published: November 2023

The work function of MXenes is crucial in detuning that of perovskite materials employed in the development of optoelectronic devices, to enhance the efficiency of charge transfer at the interfaces.
Theoretical prediction of emerging high-performance trifunctional ORR/OER/HER single-atom catalysts: transition metals anchored into π–π conjugated graphitic carbon nitride (g-C10N3)
Authors: Zhu Haiye , Feng Yingjie , Zheng Desheng , Zhao Xiuyun , Zhou Yue , Fu Xiaoyue , Zhao Lei , Chen Xin
Published: November 2023

The design of high-performance trifunctional oxygen reduction/oxygen evolution/hydrogen evolution reactions (ORR/OER/HER) electrocatalysts has become the current research focus.
Intrinsic defects in B-site columnar-ordered halide double perovskites Cs2AgPdBr5
Authors: Chu Wenjun , Ma Xinbo , Li Zhenyu
Published: November 2023

Existence of intrinsic defects in Cs2AgPdBr5, a new type of double perovskite with one-dimensional electronic dimensionality, has a implication on its potential as a photovoltaic material.
Matrix effects in MI-VCD spectra of two chiral oxiranes and their potential microscopic origin
Authors: Grassin Corentin , Pollok Corina H. , Kreienborg Nora M. , Merten Christian
Published: November 2023

Strong effects of the matrix-environment on the MI-VCD spectra of chiral oxiranes trace back to depolarization effects arising from linear and circular birefringence and linear dichroism occurring within the anisotropic matrices.
Additive-free aerobic oxidative difunctionalization of alkenes with P4S10 and alcohols to access β-hydroxy phosphorodithioates
Authors: Qu Chengming , Lv Yufen , Huang Jian , Ma Chao , Yue Huilan , Wei Wei , Yi Dong
Published: November 2023

An efficient strategy has been established for the synthesis of β-hydroxy phosphorodithioates and alkyl phosphorodithioates via additive-free aerobic oxidative difunctionalization of alkenes with P4S10 and alcohols at room temperature.
Comprehensive investigation of the mutual effect of Ce and W species in the NH3-SCR catalyst
Authors: Li Jiaying , Chen Hongfeng , Fan Kaihao , Luo Minger , Luo Yan , Sui Zhiming , Wang Yanghui , Liu Xuesong
Published: November 2023

CeO2–WO3 catalysts were synthesized using the coprecipitation method (CW-C), mixing method (CW-M) and deposition–precipitation method (CW-DP).
Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and plant immunity to fungal pathogens: do the risks outweigh the benefits?
Authors: Smith Freya , Luna Estrella
Published: November 2023

Anthropogenic emissions have caused atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations to double since the industrial revolution. Although this could benefit plant growth from the ‘CO2 fertilisation’ effect, recent studies report conflicting impacts of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on plant–pathogen interactions. Fungal pathogens are the leading cause of plant disease. Since climate change has been shown to affect the distribution and virulence of these pathogens, it is important to understand how their plant hosts may also respond. This review assesses existing reports of positive, negative, and neutral effects of eCO2 on plant immune responses to fungal pathogen infection. The interaction between eCO2 and immunity appears specific to individual pathosystems, dependent on environmental context and driven by the interactions between plant defence mechanisms, suggesting no universal effect can be predicted for the future. This research is vital for assessing how plants may become more at risk under climate change and could help to guide biotechnological efforts to enhance resistance in vulnerable species. Despite the importance of understanding the effects of eCO2 on plant immunity for protecting global food security, biodiversity, and forests in a changing climate, many plant–pathogen interactions are yet to be investigated. In addition, further research into the effects of eCO2 in combination with other environmental factors associated with climate change is needed. In this review, we highlight the risks of eCO2 to plants and point to the research required to address current unknowns.
Visualizing the dynamics of plant energy organelles
Authors: Koenig Amanda M. , Liu Bo , Hu Jianping
Published: November 2023

Plant organelles predominantly rely on the actin cytoskeleton and the myosin motors for long-distance trafficking, while using microtubules and the kinesin motors mostly for short-range movement. The distribution and motility of organelles in the plant cell are fundamentally important to robust plant growth and defense. Chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes are essential organelles in plants that function independently and coordinately during energy metabolism and other key metabolic processes. In response to developmental and environmental stimuli, these energy organelles modulate their metabolism, morphology, abundance, distribution and motility in the cell to meet the need of the plant. Consistent with their metabolic links in processes like photorespiration and fatty acid mobilization is the frequently observed inter-organellar physical interaction, sometimes through organelle membranous protrusions. The development of various organelle-specific fluorescent protein tags has allowed the simultaneous visualization of organelle movement in living plant cells by confocal microscopy. These energy organelles display an array of morphology and movement patterns and redistribute within the cell in response to changes such as varying light conditions, temperature fluctuations, ROS-inducible treatments, and during pollen tube development and immune response, independently or in association with one another. Although there are more reports on the mechanism of chloroplast movement than that of peroxisomes and mitochondria, our knowledge of how and why these three energy organelles move and distribute in the plant cell is still scarce at the functional and mechanistic level. It is critical to identify factors that control organelle motility coupled with plant growth, development, and stress response.
Marketing Mix Elements on Customer Service Satisfaction at Coffee Shops in Jakarta
Authors: Putri Dahlan Olivia , Putri Dahlan Sahara , Fahlevi Mochammad
Published: November 2023

Nowadays, the coffee shop industry has experienced significant growth and popularity in recent years. With the rise of coffee drinking culture and the increasing demand for coffee, coffee shops have become an important part of the urban landscape. This study examines the role of the marketing mix in enhancing better customer satisfaction services in the coffee shop industry. This research used the path analysis method with a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling method. The research data was collected by using a questionnaire with 320 respondents who had visited 9 coffee shops listed on the Indonesia Travel website. This formula used to calculate the number of respondents in this study uses a sample size of ten times the rule. This research analysis tool uses SEM-PLS. The result of this study shows that of the seven variables studied, the variables of price, location, promotion, personnel, and premises facilities had no significant effect, while the variables of service quality and service process significantly affected customer satisfaction with coffee shop services in Jakarta. The implication of this research is expected to help marketers develop more effective marketing strategies and focus on elements that impact customer satisfaction.
Behavior-Based Safety on Rattan Workers at Trangsan Rattan Industry, Sukoharjo Regency Indonesia
Authors: Susanto Novie , Santoso Haryo , Astuti Yana Laras Widyowati
Published: November 2023

A preliminary study conducted on twenty-four rattan workers at the Trangsan Rattan Industry Center showed various types of occupational health and safety risks including respiratory disorder due to exposure of fine dust, hand tools usage , chemical hazards of using rattan coloring, and Muscoskeletal Disorders ( MSDS) due to improper working positions. This condition encourages research to improve safety behavior for workers by identifying factors related to unsafe behavior and implementing Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) for workers . The BBS approach was carried out with four stages, namely Define, Observe, Intervene, and Test (DOIT), while the level of worker behavior was calculated using the Safety Performance Index (SPI). There were ten unsafe actions that were targeted for intervention for hundreds of workers. Through an intervention program which was based on a motivational intervention approach, the value of SPI in the Trangsan Rattan Industry Center increased by 36.21%.
The Correlation between Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Responsive Feeding on Stunting Incidents in Children in Karangploso Health Center, Malang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Darojat Bunga Zakiyya , Katmawanti Septa , Paramita Farah , Kurniawan Agung , Hamzah Sareena Hanim
Published: November 2023

Nationally, the prevalence of stunting decreased by 1.6% from 27.7% in 2019 to 24.4% in 2021. However, this figure is far from RPJMN 2020-2024 target of 14%. One of the sub-districts in Malang Regency with an increasing prevalence of stunting based on the Bulan Timbang on August 2021 and February 2022 is Karangploso Sub-district, which was 5.2% in August 2021 and 6.6% in February 2022. Seeing this increasing prevalence of stunting, it’s necessary to know determinants of stunting, one of which is responsive feeding. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and responsive feeding behavior on the incidence of stunting on children in Karangploso Health Center working area. The case control approach was chosen as the research design in this observational analytic study with a sample of 30 stunted respondents and 30 non-stunted respondents who were caregivers of 12-24 month old children. Based on chi-square test, the knowledge and attitude of responsive feeding of caregivers and stunting of children in the working area of Karangploso Health Center have a relationship (p=0.001; OR=8.5) (p=0.012; OR=8.1), but responsive feeding behavior with stunting of children in the working area of Karangploso Health Center has no relationship (p=0.424).
Optimization of N-hexane and Methanol Solvents on Total Phenol Levels of Gnetum gnemon Peel Extract in the Production of Biopesticide
Authors: Arifan Fahmi , Sapatra Enrico , Fibrilia Sekhar , Fatimah Siti , Nugraheni Arwinda , Prasetyo Alif , Januwardani Sri
Published: November 2023

The excessive use of chemical pesticides has led to pest resistance and the accumulation of residues. Pest resistance occurs when pests become immune to pesticides and require higher doses or stronger pesticides for control. This study aims to identify the optimal solvent for dissolving secondary metabolite compounds that selectively and safely kill or inhibit the growth of plant pests. The biopesticide used is derived from melinjo bark extract through the process of soxhlet extraction using methanol and N-hexane solvents. The study employed a two-factor factorial design with three variables. The findings revealed that methanol solvent was more effective in dissolving phenolic compounds, resulting in a phenol content of 34.23 mg/equivalent Gallic Acid. The optimal solvent ratio was achieved at a ratio of 600 ml. The highest yield, reaching 56.27%, was obtained when using methanol as the solvent. Moreover, the pest mortality rate was found to be 100% at the specified concentration.
Machine Learning Methods for Identification Osteoarthritis: A Bibliometric Analysis and General Review
Authors: Muttaqin Faisal , Yuniar Purbasari Intan , Priharyoto Bayuseno Athanasius , Indah Winarni Tri , Isnanto R. Rizal , Jamari Jamari
Published: November 2023

This study describes machine learning trends in identifying osteoarthritis in different ways. To present visualizations, we performed bibliographic analysis using Vosviewer. Bibliographic data were collected via the Scopus database as of (2018-2023) and obtaining as many 46 journals. We found that one study identified osteoarthritis (OA) with reaching scores AUC > 0.95. In the last five years, United State and China having the highest rate of publication and index citation. The journal Arthritis and Rheumatology had the highest percentage of annual citations (89%) in 2018. Support vector machines (SVM) and LASSO regression were the most commonly used techniques by researchers.
Associations Between Bottled Water Consumption and Diarrhea Among Adults in Indonesia
Authors: Rachmat Basuki , Azhar Khadijah , Sari Hidayangsih Puti , Hapsari Tjandrarini Dwi , Dharmayanti Ika , Suparmi Suparmi , Sidebang Purnama , Setyoko Sadono
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to analyze drinking water types and their relationship with diarrheal disease in adults. Cross-sectional study design was selected for this study and data were retrieved from 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 34 provinces in Indonesia. The sample of this study included household members with a total of 495,239 respondents. Data were analyzed using multinomial regression statistical methods to observe the relationship between drinking water types and other risk factors of diarrhea. The results of the analysis showed that the case of diarrhea in adults was at 6.3%. Respondents who consumed bottled water had a 1.2 times risk of not experiencing diarrhea compared to those who consume unimproved drinking water after controlled with defecation behaviour (OR= 1.20; 95% CI: 1.20 to 1.21; P< 0.005). Respondents who consumed refill drinking water had the same likelihood of not having diarrhea as those who consumed unimproved drinking water (OR= 0.99; 95% CI: 0.98 to 0.99; P< 0.05). Consumption of bottled drinking water is safer than refill drinking water in relation to the prevalence of diarrhea. Therefore, it is important to treat drinking water properly prior to consuming refill drinking water.
Information System for Orphan Data Management in Karangsari Village, Kalimanah District, Purbalingga Regency
Authors: Afuan Lasmedi , Puspita Rahayu Swahesti , Afif Ginanjar Bekti , Hidayat Nurul , Permadi Ipung
Published: November 2023

An orphan is a term used to refer to someone who has been left by their parents while still underage. Providing support for orphans is a commendable activity. Supporting orphans has many virtues, as stated in the following Hadith: Narrated by Abu Ya'la and Thobrani, Shahih At Targhib Al Albani: "Whoever includes an orphan among two Muslim parents in their meals and drinks, providing for their needs, will surely enter Paradise.". The first step in supporting orphans is to find them. Searching for orphan data is difficult to accomplish if we rely solely on manual data collection. Sometimes the obtained data does not match the desired requirements. To help facilitate this step, an information system for managing orphan data is created. The aim is to simplify the management of orphan data and assist the community in searching for orphan data. The development of this orphan data management information system utilizes the waterfall method, which includes the stages of analysis, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance using the Laravel framework. The result of this research is a web-based information system for managing orphan data, with a case study in Karangsari Village, Kalimanah, Purbalingga Regency.
Measurement of plant leaf area as a result of drone acquisition with arUco markers as a reference
Authors: Masykur Fauzan , Adi Kusworo , Dwi Nurhayati Oky
Published: November 2023

Drones or called Unmanned Aerial Vehicle is an unmanned aircraft technology that is controlled using a remote. Drones are able to enter various sectors including the agricultural, transportation, military and maritime sectors. In the agricultural sector, the use of drones is used to capture agricultural land as a dataset in determining object detection models in determining plant diseases. Drones fly over agricultural land to acquire various plant leaves with a variety of acquisition distances. The acquisition process is carried out at a measured time due to various considerations such as weather conditions, wind, light intensity and acquisition distance between the camera and the object. In this study, image acquisition of plant leaves produced 500 images of plant leaves. The image from the drone camera calculated the leaf area with reference to the arUco markers as a reference point with a size of 5 x 5 id 5. The research results obtained contained a margin of error of 0.5 cm to 1 cm from the actual leaf area. The end result of this study is that the use of ArUco Marker can be used to calculate the area of an object only by utilizing the image acquired by a camera.
Study on the Use of Multidimensional Database Systems for Demography Data Analysis
Authors: Wijaya Arwan Putra , Nugraha Arief Laila , Sukmono Abdi
Published: November 2023

The demography database system should be very useful for various purposes in overcoming the socio-economic problems of the population, such as the distribution of charity, especially for people affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. For example, those who have lost their jobs, those who have difficulty in accessing medical services, etc., or for general election data, for example, presidential election, legislator election, or governor election. But unfortunately, the demography database system in our country, Indonesia still has many problems. Things to consider are that there is no integration between databases at the central and local governments, besides that there is no synchronization of data between institutions. As a result, there are many mistakes in the distribution of charity for people affected by the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, such as those who should receive do not receive it, and those who should not receive it receive it. This problem can be caused by the absence of a definite reference in the population data. As an example, On the time dimension, one year's data can be multi-interpreted both between the central and the regions government as well as between agencies. This study aims to build an integrated demography database system through a multidimensional database system model. In the multidimensional database system, the data is a cell that can show information from multi-dimensions (such as spatial, temporal, and variable). Each dimension in a multidimensional database system is interconnected in a system so that it can eliminate multiple interpretations of data in one dimension or between dimensions. Each dimension in a multidimensional database system can be arranged in a hierarchy. In the spatial dimension, it can be arranged based on a hierarchy of administrative units, such as from state down to province, then district/city, sub-district, village, and so on. So that it can eliminate the non-integration between data on the central and local governments. In the dimension of variable, it can be arranged based on the level of detail of demography data, and the total population as the top level of detail. While the next level of detail can be arranged based on criteria from demographic data such as sex, age, occupation, education, etc. So that it can eliminate the non-synchronization of data between institutions.
Identification Texture of Rice Varieties by Feature Extraction using GLCM
Authors: Setiawan Aji , Adi Kusworo , Edi Widodo Catur
Published: November 2023

Rice is one of the components of staple ingredients included in the issue of world food security in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program. A large number of varieties of rice types allows deviations in the field by mixing good rice varieties with other varieties to increase profits. This problem causes consumers to experience economic losses; on the other hand, distinguishing rice varieties is difficult to do directly only through eyesight. This study tries to make an initial approach to get the similarity value of each rice-type texture. This study discusses the extraction of texture features in 3 rice varieties, including organic rice, Mentik Wangi, Rojo Lele, and Basmati India. The feature extraction method used is the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) for assessing the texture of an image variety of rice and evaluated with PSNR and MAE.
Expert System Diagnose Broiler Chicken Diseases using Case Based Reasoning Method and Sorensen Dice Coefficient
Authors: Syafii Imam , Edi Widodo Catur , Endro Suseno Jatmiko
Published: November 2023

Delays in handling broiler chicken diseases cause a lot of losses which are quite large and even cause death. The limitations of an expert and relatively long veterinarian visits. The purpose of this research was to apply the case-based reasoning method and Sorensen dice coefficient for the application of an expert system in diagnosing broiler chicken diseases. This study used a case-based reasoning method to obtain similar cases to be used in new cases by applying 4 stages include retrieve, reuse, revise, and retain. Sorensen dice coefficient similarity method was used to obtain similarity results. The application of an expert system diagnosed disease using case-based reasoning and Sorensen dice coefficient while obtaining test results on system accuracy of 90% and system reliability of 87%. The results of the accuracy and effectiveness test of the system showed a fairly high value and indicated that the system provided an accurate and effective value compared to previous methods in diagnosing and providing the solutions or treatment.
A bibliometric overview of scientific research on phytoremediation of heavy metals and artificial neural network in past two decades
Authors: Sari Putri Anggun , Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih , Warsito Budi
Published: November 2023

Numerous pollutants, including organic and toxic pollutants, are currently reaching the sea and land from various sources, including sewage sludge, municipal, industrial, agricultural, and landfill leachate. Heavy metal pollution is the single most pressing environmental issue because metals are so toxic to plants and animals. Additionally, they may be transported to the surrounding area through the production of leachate and migration from waste disposal sites, with the potential increasing risk to the land, the groundwater, and surface water. The remediation of heavy metals pollution by plants has been a hotspot in the research of heavy metals pollution in recent years and model development for heavy metal simulation has progressed rapidly over the past two decade. A bibliometric study of research data from 2003 to 2023 was conducted. Bibliographic data was retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOS viewer. The hot research topic keywords were “phytoremediation”, “heavy metals” and “artificial neural network”. The main insight from the analysis of the papers are discussed and practical implications for the field of study are provided. The structured information may help understand research trends and locate this topic gaps.
The assessment of Groundwater Quality of Confined Aquifer Based on Hydrochemistry in the Alluvial Plain of Semarang City
Authors: Thomas Triadi Putranto , Regita Ayuni Muthia Canda
Published: November 2023

Water is one of the most important components for living things, including humans. The need for water will increase along with the increase in population in an area. It occurs in urban areas such as Semarang City which is the capital city of Central Java Province with the development of industry, trade and tourism growing rapidly. Rapid development occurred in the alluvial plains of Semarang City. Groundwater is still one of the main sources of water in Semarang City, both unconfined aquifer and confined aquifer. The unconfined aquifer is generally used by the community to meet their needs for bathing and washing via dug wells, while the confined one is developed by the industrial sector and is not least a source of drinking water via deep wells. This study aims to determine the quality of groundwater for drinking water at the study site of the confined aquifer. There are 30 groundwater samples were taken to test the chemical content of groundwater. The method used was the geospatial method and the Water Quality Index (WQI). The spatial method aims to determine the distribution of groundwater quality in the study area. WQI method was to determine the quality of groundwater for drinking water purposes. The results of the hydrochemical analysis showed that groundwater conditions are affected by weathering of silicate minerals present in the lithology of the study site. The weathering of these minerals results in ionic changes in the groundwater. WQI shows 1 sample is included in the poor classification and 2 samples are included in the very poor classification. It locates in the western and central parts of the study location.
The Environmental Changes of Regentschap Pemalang in The Colonial Era
Authors: Nur Utomo Ilham , Dyah Purwaningrum Shintawati , Fauji Sidik , Kresna Diwangkara Naufal , Nizar Fariz , Putri Sulistya
Published: November 2023

The environment is an important issue that continues to be discussed from the past, now, and even in the future. One important aspect of environmental problems is environmental change. In a historical context, the environmental conditions are the impact of human behavior in the past. Environmental changes are not only targeting urban areas but also rural areas, including the Regentschap Pemalang area during the colonial era. This research examined environmental changes in the Regentschap Pemalang during the colonial era from 1870 to 1942. It focused on three main aspects, there were background, process, and the impact of environmental change. The method used in this research was the historical method. The results of this research indicated that the background to environmental changes in Regentschap Pemalang was the activity of colonialism and capitalism. The colonial government as the ruler at that time issued policies that supported the activities of colonialism and capitalism. The presence of private capital and the desire to gain large profits led to massive exploitation of natural resources which then changed the environmental structure in Regenstcap Pemalang. These changes had an impact on environmental damage. It caused floods and droughts. Environmental changes during the colonial period in Regentschap Pemalang were a necessity because they were in the grip of exploitative colonial power.
Impact of Waste Bank on Behavior Change and Community Participation (Case Study of Waste Bank Assisted by Rumah Zakat)
Authors: Abdussalam  , Rahmat Gunawan Aditya
Published: November 2023

This study aims to determine, analyze and describe the impact of the Waste Bank on changes in Behavior and Community Participation. This research is a descriptive study using a quantitative approach, the analysis method used is an index value consisting of two variables, namely behavior and community participation variables, while the sample of this study is 143 respondents of waste bank customers in Desa Berdaya assisted by Rumah Zakat. The data used consists of primary and secondary data, primary data obtained from questionnaires and interviews to respondents, while secondary data comes from journals, books and online websites. The results of this study show that the variable of community behavior after becoming a waste bank customer has a good category with an index value of 0.74, from before becoming a waste bank customer with a need improvement category with an index value of 0.33. Then the variable of community participation after becoming a waste bank customer has a good category with an index value of 0.74. Then the community participation variable after becoming a waste bank customer has a good category with an index value of 0.70, from before becoming a waste bank customer with a category that needs improvement with an index value of 0.37. In other words, the presence of Waste Bank assisted by Rumah Zakat is able to make changes to the behavior and participation of the community in managing waste.
Development of Studies on IUU Fishing Alleviation Policies and Discourse Network Analysis: A Literature Review
Authors: Marliana Maya , Wahyunengseh Rutiana Dwi , Haryanti Rina Herlina
Published: November 2023

IUU Fishing has received increasing public attention in the last decade, due to various significant impacts, especially on the destruction of the marine environment. Meanwhile, the United Nations (UN) has established a global alleviation policy through the Sustainable Development Goals, which targets the practice of IUU fishing to be destroyed by 2020. In fact, the IUU Fishing index shows a slight increase, and 130-unit fishing vessels are still actively roaming. The success of existing IUU Fishing eradication policies is questionable, and one of the elements of success is the role of academics in supporting the policy process through scientific literature. This study aims to obtain an overview of the literature development to contribute to successfully implementing the IUU Fishing alleviation policy. By using two analytical techniques and elaborating on Discourse Network Analysis as the research focus being investigated, the authors review and map the development of their research. Bibliometric analysis and Content Analysis succeeded in answering the predetermined research questions. Opportunities for future studies are wide open to conduct studies focusing on implementing policies to eradicate IUU Fishing and DNA because these topics are dynamic, and the number of studies has tended to be low in the past 18 years.
Sustainability indicators for assessing the sustainability of the frozen chicken meat supply chain
Authors: Putri Ade Aisyah Arifna , Lin Shi-Woei , Vanany Iwan , Purwaningsih Ratna
Published: November 2023

The growing market for chicken meat, mainly frozen chicken meat and processed food, poses significant challenges to global sustainability. Furthermore, there is still a need to evaluate the sustainability performance of the food supply chain in developing countries. This study analyzes the stages of the chicken meat supply chain, especially the production process of frozen chicken meat in Indonesia. Moreover, this study provides indicators for assessing the sustainability performance of the frozen chicken meat production stage. The study utilized the Delphi technique to identify sustainability indicators. The Delphi technique involved experts from the chicken meat industry, resulting in 14 sustainability indicators. The proposed indicators are relevant to assess the sustainability of the frozen chicken meat production stage based on the perspective of the triple bottom line of sustainability.