bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Car Safety System With Airbag Notification
Authors: Student VENUSREE. T , Student Tanushree RS , Student Praveen j
Published: November 2024

Every year the lives of approximately 1.3 million people are cut short because of a road traffic crash. Between 20 and 50 million more people suffer non-fatal injuries, with many incurring a disability because of their injury. The first feature detects whether the driver of the car is feeling drowsy while driving or not. This is done using a camera which is controlled by the Raspberry Pi. If the driver is drowsy the system alerts using speakers that calls out a unique line and indicates by a sound which can be useful in alerting other passengers in the car about the Drivers Drowsiness. The second feature includes a vibration sensor which can detect any jerks that the car may receive after its impact or accident. The vibration sensing is paired with a GSM alert notification to the hospital and a police station whose number will be registered at the start of the system. The system aims to demonstrate a safety system for driver of the car. It has these features which will either alert or notify the concerned party about unfortunate accidents happened to the car and its passengers.
Leeuwenhoekiella obamensis sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium isolated from the surface water of a Japanese fishing port
Authors: Machii Yuka , Tsukamoto Mao , Kataoka Takafumi , Kondo Ryuji
Published: November 2024

A novel aerobic marine bacterium, FRT2T, was isolated from the surface water of a fishing port in Fukui, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain FRT2T clustered with the genus Leeuwenhoekiella. The closest relatives of the strain FRT2T were Leeuwenhoekiella palythoae KMM 6264T and Leeuwenhoekiella nanhaiensis G18T with 16S rRNA gene sequence identities of 95.1% and 94.5%, respectively, suggesting that FRT2T is a novel species of the genus Leeuwenhoekiella. The values of digital DNA-DNA hybridisation and average nucleotide identity between FRT2T strain and type strains of species of the genus Leeuwenhoekiella were lower than the threshold for species delineation, indicating that FRT2T is a novel species of the genus Leeuwenhoekiella. Cells were Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, yellow-orange-pigmented, motile by gliding, and had a rod shape with 0.3–0.8 µm width and 1.6–4.1 µm length. Saline was needed to grow FRT2T with optimal growth in the presence of 3.0–4.0% (w/v) NaCl. Growth was observed from pH 5.5 to 8.5 (optimum pH 6.5–7.5) and at temperatures between 10 and 39°C (optimum 25–35°C). Major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15:0, iso-C15:1, iso-C17:0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16:1ω6c and/or C16:1ω7c). The only respiratory quinone was MK-6. The DNA G + C content of FRT2T was 38.9 mol%. Based on its genetic and phenotypic features, the strain FRT2T represents a novel species, for which the name Leeuwenhoekiella obamensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain FRT2T (= BCRC 81451T = JCM 36940T). The discovery of this novel bacterial species provides the scope for future research.
Microfacies, Depositional Settings, Diagenesis and Diagenetic Evolution of the Ordovician to Devonian Homoclinal Ramp-Type Carbonate Platform Setul Group, Northern Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Radzir Nurul Afifah Mohd , Samah Mohammad Ezanie Abu , Ali Che Aziz , Mohamed Kamal Roslan
Published: November 2024

The Ordovician to Devonian strata of the Setul Group in the northern region of Peninsular Malaysia represent medium- to thick-bedded, white to grayish limestone rich in biota components. A detailed study of microfacies analysis and diagenetic investigation revealed eleven (11) microfacies and five (5) diagenetic histories. The recognized microfacies include 2 mudstone, 2 wackestone, 2 packestone, 3 grainstone, chert and carbonaceous shale. The microfacies and their associations represent a homoclinal ramp depositional setting designated on the basis of the rock components. The Setul Group has undergone significant diagenetic alteration due to various diagenetic events that have altered the primary and secondary porosities. The recognized diagenetic alterations include micritization, cementation, neomorphism, compaction and dolomitization. The paragenetic sequence reveals that the carbonate rock is modified in phreatic zones and involves early to late diagenetic evolution. The microfacies and diagenetic alteration revealed that the Setul Group was deposited in a shallow marine to deep ocean environment dominated by siliciclastic and carbonate sediments.
Latent class analysis of academic adjustment and mental health among Brazilian college students: association with depression and suicide ideation
Authors: Altavini Camila Siebert , Santana Geilson Lima , Andrade Laura Helena , Oliveira Lúcio Garcia , Andrade Arthur Guerra , Gorenstein Clarice , Wang Yuan-Pang
Published: November 2024

Purpose
Suicide is a leading cause of death among 15-29-year-olds. Effective prevention strategies are urgent, particularly for university students, where knowledge gaps regarding suicide-related factors hinders preventative efforts. The present study aimed to identify subgroups within Brazilian college students to examine the relationship of identified subgroups with suicidal ideation (SI) and depression.
Methods
Using academic and mental health indicator from a national survey of Brazilian college students, a latent class analysis was conducted to identify subgroups of students based on similar characteristics. Meaningful classes were subjected to logistic regression to identify potential associations with SI and depressive symptoms.
Results
Four distinct classes were identified, labeled as: “ordinary”, “psychologically distressed”, “dissatisfied”, and “binge drinkers”. The subgroups experiencing psychological distress and dissatisfaction were associated with a higher likelihood of presenting SI and depressive symptoms.
Conclusion
The impact of academic life on students' mental health must be closely monitored by the universities’ pedagogical and health services. Early identification of students in psychological distress is essential for appropriate referral to supportive services. Assessment of the relationship between suicide-related vulnerabilities is still very necessary to develop adequate prevention plans in educational settings.
Probiotic-Derived Exopolysaccharide as a Natural Stabilizer for Limonene Emulsions: A Novel Approach to Enhancing Stability and Bioactive Properties
Authors: Balyan Sangeeta , Dhowlaghar Nitin , Dadwal Vikas , Bhattarai Samikshya , Jha Deepak Kumar , Patil Bhimanagouda S.
Published: November 2024

Lactobacillus-derived (LAB) exopolysaccharide (EPS) was used as an emulsifier to encapsulate limonene enantiomers, including S- (SL) and D- (DL). EPS and emulsions were analyzed for physiochemical and rheological behavior, followed by emulsifying stability and antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogens. EPS was extracted and yielded 1.1 g/L amount with an optimized supplementation of 5 % carbon source at pH 6.1 and characterized using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), along with physiochemical properties. At 2 % EPS in 60/40 O/W emulsion, a desired mean particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) were acquired by comparing different O/W ratios. Optimized emulsions showed higher stability under different physiological parameters: temperatures (-20 to 60 ºC), pH (2-9), and salinity. In FTIR analysis, emulsions showed OH and C=O stretching acquired from EPS and the presence of cyclohexane-1-ene group from encapsulated limonene. Notably, our study is among the first to demonstrate LAB-derived EPS as a natural and effective emulsifier for stabilizing limonene, providing both improved stability and antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli and L. monocytogenes compared to free oils. These findings illustrate that LAB-derived EPS is a promising natural emulsifier for encapsulating volatiles, with significant applications in food safety.
Sonochemistry-assisted sol-gel synthesis of Hydroxyapatite
Authors: Cruz-Ávila Camila , Hernández-Padrón Genoveva , Meneses Víctor Manuel Castaño
Published: November 2024

Sonochemistry was employed to assist the in-situ synthesis hydroxyapatite by sol-gel process aqueous using Ca(NO3)2·4H2O and (NH4)H2PO4 (HApS). The synthesis by assisted sonochemistry reduced the reaction time from 3 h to 11 min. The formation of HApS, hidroxiapatite (HAp) and other compounds during heat treatment at 0, 120, 350 and 700 0C were identified and characterized by FTIR, Raman Dispersive, X-ray and SEM. The spectroscopy characterization showed that chemical bonds in the HApS are the same position that HAp on the main phosphate group peaks appeared at 1098, 1034, 962, 604 and 562 cm− 1 for IR while at 796 cm− 1 for Raman, which was attributed to the asymmetric stretching mode of PO43−. By means of X-ray diffraction, the hexagonal structure of HApS obtained by sonochemistry could be verified. The morphology characterized by SEM showed the similar structure satisfying the porosity and needles of the scaffold bone. This study compared the formation hydroxyapatite with and without sonochemistry.
ANN-based modeling and isotherm-kinetic study of dye adsorption on acid-modified manila tamarind seed biomass
Authors: Karishma S. , Deivayanai V. C. , Thamarai P. , Saravanan A. , Yaashikaa P. R. , Vickram A. S.
Published: November 2024

Plant biomass has been increasingly utilized as an adsorbent material alternate to chemically synthesized activated carbon. Manila tamarind seed has been acid-modified in order to improve the biomass's remediation capabilities. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that chemically activated manila seed biomass was rough and porous, with voids present. The ideal circumstances for the eriochrome black and brilliant orange dye removal were found through batch investigations. The optimal values are adsorbent dosage – 3.5 g/L, temperature – 303 K, contact time – 50 min and 40 min, and pH – 6 and 9 for EB and BO dye respectively. Adsorption capacity of AAPDB for EB and BO dye was observed to be 97.12 mg/g and 113.43 mg/g respectively. The best fitting isotherm and kinetic models were Freundlich and Pseudo-first order denoting the multilayer adsorption. The artificial neural network model of both dyes' adsorption was used to link the experimental dye removal values with the anticipated values of the ANN. Better correlation was demonstrated by the neural network model, with values more than 0.94 suggesting that the model is appropriate for the current study. The potential of acid-modified manila tamarind seed biomass in the dye removal process was validated by modelling studies.
Trajetória de Acácio Lima de Freitas educador matemático da região do Vale do Jaguaribe cearense
Authors: Pereira Wanderley de Oliveira , Oliveira Francisco Wagner Soares
Published: November 2024

O professor Acácio Lima de Freitas, é docente do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Faculdade de Filosofia Dom Aureliano Matos – FAFIDAM. Dada a relevância e história desse professor, este estudo dedica-se a apresentar uma biografia de Acácio Lima de Freitas, com foco nas suas experiências e percepções como professor de matemática no cenário cearense. Para tanto, a pesquisa tem abordagem qualitativa e tem como método a História Oral. Dentre outras informações, o estudo revela que Acácio, assim como muitos cearenses, viveu em uma família com raízes no campo. Relata que o acesso ao conhecimento foi sempre dificultoso, devido principalmente às condições financeiras da família. Contudo, ele conta que, a partir do momento em que começou a trabalhar em ambientes escolares, logo começou a comprar livros e, assim, a endossar a sua sede por conhecimento. Já como professor, destaca que um dos desafios, foi superar as lacunas de cunho didático e metodológico, as quais eram fruto das suas experiências desde a Educação Básica, visto no momento o ensino ainda era regido por uma abordagem tradicional, onde o professor era o detentor do saber e os estudantes deveriam apenas aprender passivamente.
Palavras-chave: Acácio Lima de Freitas; Limoeiro do Norte; Licenciatura em Matemática; Faculdade de Filosofia Dom Aureliano Matos; Ensino de Matemática.
Importância da Atenção Farmacêutica no Tratamento de Pacientes com Câncer de Mama: Revisão Integrative
Authors: Santos Maria Evelyn Rodrigues dos , Silva Lucas Braga da
Published: November 2024

No Brasil, o câncer de mama é a principal causa de óbito entre as mulheres. Este tumor maligno resulta da multiplicação de células anormais, apresentando uma etiologia multifatorial e é uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade global. Portanto, é imprescindível implementar ações de assistência farmacêutica durante o tratamento desses pacientes. O propósito deste artigo é examinar a relevância do monitoramento farmacoterapêutico para pacientes com câncer de mama. Metodologia: Esta pesquisa é uma revisão integrativa da literatura, baseada em documentos já disponíveis nas bases de dados LILACS, PUBMED/MEDELINE e SCIELO. Os critérios de inclusão utilizados foram os estudos publicados em português no período de 2015 a 2024. No total, foram localizados 75 artigos, dos quais apenas 10 foram escolhidos para integrar a amostra da pesquisa, considerando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Conclui-se que para combater o câncer de mama, existem medidas que podem ser tomadas, há práticas cientificamente comprovados que contribuem para a redução do risco de doença e vários outros benefícios. Pesquisas também confirmam que a atenção farmacêutica é crucial, devido à orientação sobre o uso de medicamentos com o objetivo de reduzir os riscos. Incentivar um tratamento mais seguro e eficiente.
Reduction of blue and total water footprints per unit biomass yield of silage maize with grey water footprint input in subsurface drip irrigation
Authors: Cakmakci Talip , Sahin Ustun
Published: November 2024

Reducing blue and total water footprint outputs in irrigated agriculture with greywater footprint input from irrigation with recycled wastewater is an issue that needs to be investigated in protecting freshwater resources by increasing water availability. Therefore, the effect of three different irrigation levels of recycled wastewater and freshwater in the subsurface drip irrigation (SSDI), surface drip irrigation (SDI), and furrow irrigation (FI) methods on the blue, green, grey, and total water footprints per unit yield of silage maize, which is widely produced worldwide and has high water consumption, was investigated with a 2-year field study. The blue and total water footprints per unit fresh and dry biomass yields in the SSDI were 1.20–1.23-fold lower than that in the SDI and 1.69–1.76-fold lower than that in the FI. Full wastewater irrigation provided the lowest blue, green, and total water footprints per unit yield across all methods. Full wastewater irrigation under SSDI provided the lowest total water footprint per unit fresh biomass yield, similar to the 33% deficit irrigation practice with wastewater. It was concluded that full irrigation with recycled wastewater as a greywater resource under SSDI may be the most suitable application for the sustainable management of scarce blue water resources.
QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO NA TELEDRAMATURGIA BRASILEIRA:
Authors: Balbino Jéfferson
Published: November 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as questões de gênero na teledramaturgiabrasileira, tomando como objeto de estudo a minissérie A Casa das Sete Mulheres,produzida e exibida pela TV Globo. A análise se fundamenta na historiografiacultural e na teoria da mídia, focando especificamente na representação dastrajetórias e experiências das mulheres durante a Revolução Farroupilha. Diferentede abordagens que se concentra nos aspectos históricos tradicionais, este estudoenfatiza a forma como as personagens femininas são retratadas na narrativatelevisiva. A Casa das Sete Mulheres é uma adaptação de um romance históricohomônimo que aborda a Revolução Farroupilha sob a perspectiva das mulheres dafamília do líder farroupilha Bento Gonçalves. A minissérie oferece umarepresentação emancipatória das mulheres farroupilhas no século XIX, explorandosuas complexidades, desafios e contribuições. Através da análise das representaçõesmidiáticas, buscamos compreender como a teledramaturgia contribui para aconstrução de narrativas históricas e para a disseminação de ideias sobre o papel dasmulheres na história. Esta abordagem destaca a importância de considerar ocontexto histórico e tecnológico em que as obras midiáticas são produzidas erecebidas, evidenciando a evolução da mídia ao longo do tempo e seu impacto namemória histórica e na reflexão sobre as questões de gênero.
ARGÉLIA SE DESVELA
Authors: Perrotti Bruna
Published: November 2024

Durante a Guerra de Independência da Argélia, ou a Revolução Argelina (1954-1962) a administração colonial elegeu a libertação da mulher argelina como símbolo da chamada Campanha de Emancipação Colonial. Tal campanha consistiu em uma série de investimentos públicos e uma violenta intervenção na realidade das mulheres acompanhada pela concessão repentina de direitos progressistas para elas. Este trabalho buscou tecer um panorama da situação da mulher argelina quando a guerra começa e reconstituir aspectos da campanha, destacando como ela afetou diferentes mulheres e evidenciando a multiplicidade de posicionamentos e formas de atuação das mulheres argelinas frente as investidas coloniais.
POVO DO SERIDÓ TRAJA BEM NA FANTASIA:
Authors: Medeiros Filho João Quintino de
Published: November 2024

O presente escrito investiga os caminhos da construção do Seridó potiguar como espaço regional através das aparências, durante os séculos XIX-XX, associando esse processo às práticas da modernidade. Para tanto, procura-se analisar textos produzidos e veiculados pela imprensa seridoense da temporalidade em estudo, buscando encontrar as possíveis relações com as ideias modernas que circulavam no mundo ocidental, em simultaneidade, no tocante a padrões estéticos, cuidados com o corpo e formas de comportamento, visando problematizar as táticas de mimetização das modas – trajes, acessórios, penteados, poses – enquanto estratégias para a edificação de uma identidade regional.
POLIVALÊNCIA DAS ELITES NO VALE DO JEQUITINHONHA (MG)
Authors: Alves Santos Albér Carlos , Mékie Pereira Laurindo
Published: November 2024

A trajetória de Murilo Paulino Badaró é típica de filhos de elite, sobretudo relacionada à multinotabilidade, como apontada em Grill (2020). Ele é de família com tradição na política e percorreu um caminho que, em certa medida, estava estruturado a partir da tradição dos seus antecessores, sendo ele um herdeiro de um sobrenome que já operava como um sistema de diferenciação, com um legado que se reafirmou por meio dele. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a trajetória de Murilo Badaró em sua polivalência (Dulci, 1999). A partir da sua trajetória é possível perceber sua constante presença no campo (Bourdieu, 1983) da política mineira e nacional, sempre carregando o discurso regionalista (Castro, 2021) do Vale do Jequitinhonha. O artigo se organiza tanto na pesquisa bibliográfica como na análise documental.
FALSA ORIGEM DO FORRÓ
Authors: Contini Abilio Gabriel , de Mello Silva Edna
Published: November 2024

Através das origens etimológicas de palavras e expressões, entende-se parte da história de um povo e da forma com que este se relaciona com seus conceitos. Através de falsas etimologias, normalmente divulgadas na internet, cria-se um falso imaginário, uma narrativa sobre como a história e o presente de um povo devem ser lidos, através das características que são apontadas neste discurso. Através da análise do discurso, o presente artigo aprofunda o estudo sobre uma narrativa de natureza pseudoetimológica corrente nas redes virtuais sobre a origem da palavra “forró” e sobre como esta contribui para a construção de um falso imaginário acerca do povo nordestino.
Qualidade, compostos bioativos e capacidade antioxidante total de frutos de híbridos comerciais de meloeiro cultivados no CE e RN
Authors:   , Barreto Norma Danielle Silva
Published: November 2024

Há um crescente interesse na relação entre alimentação e saúde, com destaque para o consumo de antioxidantes naturalmente presentes em alimentos. Diante dessa realidade, o objetivo deste estudo foi de avaliar a qualidade, os compostos bioativos e a capacidade antioxidante total de frutos dos principais híbridos de melão (Amarelo, Gália, Pele de sapo, Charentais, Cantaloupe e Honeydew) produzidos no RN e CE visando à agregação de valor através de suas propriedades nutricionais e funcionais. Os frutos de melão utilizados no experimento foram adquiridos durante a safra 2009/2010 de fazendas comerciais localizadas nas cidades de Icapuí e Quixeré (situadas no Ceará), Mossoró e Baraúnas (situadas no Rio Grande do Norte), e foram encaminhados ao Laboratório de Pós Colheita da Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical em Fortaleza-CE, onde foram analisados em relação ao peso médio de fruto, cor, diâmetros longitudinal e transversal, cavidades internas longitudinal e transversal, espessuras de casca e polpa, relação de formato, firmeza da polpa, pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, SS/AT, açúcares solúveis totais e redutores, vitamina C, carotenóides totais, flavonóides amarelos e clorofila. Para as análises de polifenóis totais e capacidade antioxidante, os frutos foram encaminhados para o Laboratório de Bioaromas da FEA/UNICAMP. No que diz respeito as avaliações físicas, foram utilizados quinze frutos para cada cultivar analisada, com medições individuais, e para as avaliações químicas foram utilizados quinze frutos divididos em três porções (repetições). Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva. Todos os híbridos apresentarem acidez titulável, SS/AT, pH e relação de formato satisfatórios para comercialização com destaque para 9150 Amarelo; PX 4048 Cantaloupe; Magisto Charentais; Solarnet Gália e Sancho Pele de sapo que apresentaram menor cavidade interna transversal. As condições e da foclimáticas na região de divisa do RN e CE possibilitam a produção de melões com teores de sólidos solúveis acima do mínimo exigido pelo mercado internacional, além de melões com teores de Polifenóis totais e capacidade antioxidante total superiores ao relatado na literatura internacional. Os frutos dos melões Cantaloupe e Charentais apresentaram características satisfatórias para vitamina C, carotenoides totais, flavonoides amarelos, polifenóis totais e capacidade antioxidante com destaque para os híbridos PX 4048 , Magritte , Magisto , Sédina e Caribbean Gold que apresentaram maior quantidade de vitamina C e capacidade antioxidante, podendo ser usados na promoção da saúde humana
Aloperine Attenuates UVB-induced Damage in Skin Fibroblasts via Activating TFE3/Beclin-1-Mediated Autophagy
Authors: Qiu Mingning , Li Jianchang , Zhang Shuai , Liang Jinglan , Wang Xuguang , Liu Jie
Published: November 2024

Background:

Aloperine (ALO) is an important active ingredient in the traditional Chinese
medicinal plant Sophora alopecuroides L and has a significant autophagy-stimulating effect.
The effect of ALO on cytotoxicity caused by UVB radiation in skin fibroblasts and the potential
mechanism remains unclear.

Objective:

The present study aimed to assess the effect of ALO on UVB-induced damage in skin
fibroblasts and investigate its possible mechanism.

Methods:

Cell viability, cytotoxicity, caspase-Glo 3/7 activity, apoptosis, and protein expression
were measured in UVB-treated skin fibroblasts in the presence or absence of ALO. Autophagy inhibitors
(chloroquine and bafilomycin A1) and TFE3 siRNA transfection were used to elucidate
the potential mechanisms further.

Results:

These data demonstrate that ALO attenuated cell viability inhibition, apoptosis, cytotoxicity,
and alterations in autophagy-related proteins caused by UVB exposure in skin fibroblasts.
ALO stimulates autophagy activation and TFE3 nuclear localization in UVB-treated skin fibroblasts.
Furthermore, treatment with autophagy inhibitors and TFE3 siRNA reversed the effects
of ALO on UVB-treated skin fibroblasts.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that ALO protects skin fibroblasts against UVB-induced cytotoxicity
by stimulating TFE3/Beclin-1-mediated autophagy.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Noncoding RNAs in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Tripathi Siddhant , Sharma Yashika , Kumar Dileep
Published: November 2024

Despite significant research efforts, Alzheimer's disease (AD), the primary cause of dementia
in older adults worldwide, remains a neurological challenge for which there are currently
no effective therapies. There are substantial financial, medical, and personal costs associated with
this condition.Important pathological features of AD include hyperphosphorylated microtubule-associated
protein Tau, the formation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides from amyloid precursor protein
(APP), and continuous inflammation that ultimately results in neuronal death. Important histological
markers of AD, amyloid plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles are created when Aβ and hyperphosphorylated
Tau build-up. Nevertheless, a thorough knowledge of the molecular players in AD
pathophysiology is still elusive. Recent studies have shown how noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including
microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs),
regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels in a variety of
diseases, including AD. There is increasing evidence to support the involvement of these ncRNAs
in the genesis and progression of AD, making them promising as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
As a result, therapeutic approaches that target regulatory ncRNAs are becoming more popular
as potential means of preventing the progression of AD. This review explores the posttranscriptional
relationships between ncRNAs and the main AD pathways, highlighting the potential of
ncRNAs to advance AD treatment. In AD, ncRNAs, especially miRNAs, change expression and
present potential targets for therapy. MiR-346 raises Aβ through APP messenger Ribonucleic
Acid (mRNA), whereas miR-107 may decrease Aβ by targeting beta-site amyloid precursor protein
cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). They are promising early AD biomarkers due to their stability
in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. Furthermore, additional research is necessary to determine
the role that RNA fragments present in AD-related protein deposits play in AD pathogenesis.
Comparative Analysis of IMT-P8 and LDP12 Cell-Penetrating Peptides in Increasing Immunostimulatory Properties of HIV-1 Nef-MPER-V3 Antigen
Authors: Sadat Seyed Mehdi , Jahedian Shekoufa , Sabaghzadeh Sahar , Larijani Mona Sadat , Bolhassani Azam
Published: November 2024

Background:

There have been great efforts in vaccine design against HIV-1 since
1981. Various approaches have been investigated, including optimized delivery systems and effective
adjuvants to enhance the efficacy of selective antigen targets. In this study, we evaluated the
efficiency of IMT-P8 and LDP12 cell penetrating peptides in eliciting immune responses against
HIV-1 Nef-MPER-V3 fusion protein as an antigen candidate. Moreover, the potency of HP91 and
HSP27 was compared as an adjuvant in female BALB/c mice through different regimens.

Methods:

For this purpose, the recombinant Nef-MPER-V3, IMT-P8-Nef-MPER-V3 and LDP-Nef-
MPER-V3 proteins were generated on a large scale. After mice immunization with different regimens,
the secretion of antibodies, cytokines and granzyme B was evaluated by ELISA.

Results:

Our results demonstrated that immunized mice receiving the Nef-MPER-V3 linked to
IMT-P8 exhibited significantly higher levels of IgG compared to other groups. The IMT-P8-Nef-
MPER-V3 with the Hp91 group showed the highest level of humoral response, which was significantly
stronger than the LDP12 formulation using the same antigen (LDP-Nef-MPER-V3). Additionally,
the combination of IMT-P8-Nef-MPER-V3 with either Hp91 or Hsp27 resulted in robust
induction of IFN-γ compared to the LDP-Nef-MPER-V3 group. Furthermore, cytotoxic T lymphocyte
(CTL) activation and proliferation assays indicated that IMT-P8 served as a more effective
CPP, particularly when used in conjunction with the Hp91 adjuvant

Conclusion:

Altogether, the data indicated that Nef-MPER-V3 antigen in different formulations
was effective in eliciting immune responses. This fusion protein has the high potency to induce
both immunity arms, specifically when incorporated with IMT-P8, which showed priority to LDP12.
Moreover, HP91 resulted in a greater humoral and cellular immune activation compared to
HSP27. These findings suggest the potential of IMT-P8 as a superior delivery system for enhancing
immune responses in vaccine development.
Honeybee Venom: A Potential Source of Anticancer Components
Authors: Khor Sabrina Xin Yi , Khongphinitbunjong Kitiphong , Owatworakit Amorn , Mah Siau Hui , Tang Yin-Quan
Published: November 2024

Cancer is a deadly disease that has claimed millions of lives worldwide. Traditional cancer
treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation, have been used for many years but have become
less favored due to drug resistance, lack of tumor selectivity, high costs, and various side effects,
such as fatigue and hair loss. Many studies have reported that animal venoms, such as those
from snakes, scorpions, and bees, contain bioactive peptides that can be synthesized into anti--
cancer peptides (ACPs), which offer a potential alternative to traditional cancer therapies. Apitherapy
is an area of growing interest for the development of new cancer treatments using bee venom,
which is a complex mixture of biologically active peptides, enzymes, bioactive amines, and nonpeptide
components that have been found to have anti-cancer properties. By leveraging these
bioactive peptides, researchers could develop ACPs that are more targeted towards cancer cells, reducing
the risk of adverse side effects and improving patient outcomes. The use of bee venom
components in targeting cancer could provide a more selective, effective, and affordable approach
to cancer therapy. While further research is needed, the potential benefits of using bee venom components
in cancer therapy are significant and could help improve the lives of cancer patients worldwide.
This study aims to review the components of bee venom as potential cancer treatments.
Supplementation of Olive Oil and Flaxseed Oil on Blood Pressure and Inflammation in Healthy and At-Risk Adults: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: McNabb Tara B. , Young Ian , Newman Rachel G. , Skinner Roy C. , Benedito Vagner A. , Tou Janet C.
Published: November 2024

Background:

Adding olive oil (OO) and flaxseed oil (FLO) to the diet has been reported
to improve endothelial function and reduce inflammation. However, the efficacy of supplementing
OO and FLO on blood pressure (BP) in normo-, pre-, and hypertensive stage 1 adults is uncertain.

Objective:

This study aimed to systematically review the literature on OO and FLO supplementation
on BP and select inflammatory markers in healthy adults and adults at risk of hypertension.

Methods:

Four databases, PubMed, CINHAL, Web of Science, and Medline (Ovid), were
searched from inception until October 2023 for randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing OO
and FLO supplementation in normotensive or adults at risk of hypertension. The outcomes included
were systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and at least one inflammatory
marker, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin6 (IL6), or tumor necrosis factor alpha
(TNFα). The risk of bias was assessed using version 2 of the Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs,
publication bias visualization was performed using funnel plots, and meta-analysis was completed
to generate average estimates of effects in 2024.

Results:

Seventeen RCTs, comprising 14 studies on OO and 3 on FLO, met the inclusion criteria.
Meta-analysis using a random-effects model reported no significant effect on SBP n=17 mean difference
(MD) -0.48; 95% CI: -1.76, 0.80; p=0.65, I2=0%) and DBP (n=16, MD -0.47; 95% CI:
-1.33, 0.39; p=0.65, I2=0%) or inflammatory markers, CRP (n=8, MD 0.11; 95% CI: -1.18, 0.40;
p=0.98, I2=0%), IL6 (n=3, MD -0.15; 95% CI: -0.57, 0.27; p=0.87, I2=0%), and TNFα (n=3,
MD-0.08; 95% CI: -0.12, -0.03; p=0.98, I2=0%).

Conclusion:

Longer-duration, higher-dose, and larger-scale RCTs are needed to better understand
the efficacy of OO and FLO supplementation on BP. Further insight will better inform dietary supplement
use for preventing hypertension.
2-Deoxy-D-Glucose: Chemical Structure and Properties
Authors: Singh Raman , Singh Kuldeep
Published: November 2024

2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) is a variant of glucose lacking the 2-hydroxyl
group. This minor alteration has significant biological and pharmacological
implications, enhancing its therapeutic value and necessitating evaluations of its safety
and efficacy in clinical environments. This chapter delves into the chemical
composition of different deoxy-D-glucose molecules, focusing on the structure and
characteristics of 2DG.
2-Deoxy-D-Glucose and its Derivatives: Dual Role in Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Authors: Kumar Anil , Barik Krishnendu
Published: November 2024

This chapter delves into the multifaceted applications of 2-Deoxy-d-Glucose
(2-DG) and its derivatives as versatile tools in diagnostics and therapeutics.
Highlighting their dual role in the medical landscape, this chapter provides a
comprehensive overview of the diverse functions and mechanisms by which these
compounds contribute to both diagnostic assessments and therapeutic interventions.
The first section examines the use of 2-DG and its derivatives in diagnostics, detailing
their efficacy in various imaging techniques, diagnostic assays, and investigative
procedures. Their unique properties and specific interactions in these contexts were
explored to elucidate their significance in the accurate detection and visualization of
specific physiological conditions or anomalies. The subsequent segment shifts the
focus towards the therapeutic realm, where the book chapter investigates the potential
and current applications of 2-DG and its derivatives in treating a spectrum of diseases
and conditions. From their roles in cancer therapy to neurological disorders and severe
acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) treatment, the
chapter outlines the mechanisms and clinical advancements where these compounds
show promise as therapeutic agents. Throughout this discussion, the chapter
emphasizes the evolving landscape of 2-DG and its derivatives, touching upon ongoing
research, challenges, and future prospects in harnessing their dual attributes for
enhanced healthcare outcomes. The exploration of these compounds in both diagnostic
and therapeutic realms not only illuminates their versatility but also underlines the
potential for innovative and integrated medical approaches.
2-Deoxy-D-Glucose as a Potential Antiviral and Anti-COVID-19 Drug
Authors: Santhoshkumar Pandeeswaran , Aruna Poorani Arunagiri Sivanesan , Mohamed Ismail Mohamed Ibrahim , Suresh Palaniswamy
Published: November 2024

The search for effective therapeutics has been unyielding in the relentless
battle against the COVID-19 pandemic. A potential drug candidate is 2-deoxyD-glucose (2-DG), which has been evaluated as a polypharmacological agent for
antiviral therapy due to its influence on the glycolytic pathway. This chapter delves
into the promising role of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) as a potential anti-viral drug.
With a focus on the biochemical and pharmacological aspects, this chapter explores
how 2-DG may disrupt the viral life cycle and modulate host immune responses. An
in-depth analysis of the current scientific evidence, including preclinical studies and
clinical trials, will be highlighted to shed light on the drug's efficacy, safety, and
potential as a treatment option. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of 2-DG in
the context of COVID-19 management will be elaborated. The COVID-19 pandemic
has posed unprecedented challenges to global healthcare systems, demanding swift and
innovative approaches to combat the virus. Amid this backdrop, the utilization of 2-
deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) as an anti-COVID-19 drug has emerged as a promising
avenue for research and therapeutic development. This chapter offers an exhaustive
exploration of the potential of 2-DG in the context of COVID-19 treatment.
Additionally, action mechanisms and safety concerns associated with administering 2-
DG in treating COVID-19 will be reviewed. This chapter aims to equip readers with a
comprehensive understanding of 2-DG's role in the fight against COVID-19 and its
place in the evolving the landscape of antiviral therapeutics.
Revolutionizing Personalized Healthcare: The Diverse Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Authors: Parmar Mihir Y. , Khare Salaj , Brahmbhatt Harshkumar , Chaure Mayur
Published: November 2024

The expansion of high-throughput, data-demanding biomedical research and
technologies, like sequencing of DNA, imaging protocols, and wireless health
observing manoeuvres, has shaped the need for quality researchers to form plans for
detecting, integrating, and interpreting the major amounts of data they generate. Still, a
wide variety of mathematical methods have been premeditated to accommodate the
‘large data’ produced by such assays, and familiarities with the use of artificial
intelligence (AI) skills advise that they might be chiefly suitable. In total, the
solicitation of data-intensive biomedical skills in research education has exposed that
clinically humans differ widely at all levels, be it genetic, biochemical, physiological,
exposure, and behavioral, especially with respect to disease progression and treatment
output. This suggests that there is often a need to shape up, or ‘personalize,’ medicines
to the delicate and often complex mechanisms possessed by specific patients. Given
how significant data-intensive assays are in revealing appropriate intervention targets
and strategies for personalizing medicine, AI can play an interesting role in the
expansion of personalized medicine at all major phases of clinical development for
human beings and the implementation of new personalized health products, from
finding appropriate intervention targets to testing them for their value. The authors
describe a number of areas where AI can play a significant role in the growth of
personalized medicine, and debate that AI’s ability to spread personalized medicine
will depend judgmentally on the ways of loading, accumulating, retrieving and
eventually integrating the data that is created. Authors also share their opinions about
the limitations of countless AI techniques, as well as pondering areas for further
exploration.
Impact of Nutrition and Exercise on Carbohydrate Metabolism
Authors: Matsunaga Yutaka
Published: November 2024

People consume nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins,
and minerals in their diet. Among these, carbohydrates and fats are mainly used by the
body as energy. Lipids are stored in the body mainly in the form of triglycerides,
whereas carbohydrates are primarily stored in the liver and skeletal muscles in the form
of glycogen. Compared to fat, glycogen can be stored in much smaller quantities in the
body. Glycogen utilization has also been shown to increase during exercise. When
glycogen is depleted, exercise performance is impaired. Glycogen is, therefore, a
valuable source of energy, and much research has been conducted on how to store
glycogen and how to enhance glycogen recovery after exercise. In addition, managing
glucose and glycogen through proper nutrition and exercise training is very important
not only for improving athletic performance but also for maintaining and improving
health. Therefore, this chapter focuses on the impact of nutrition and exercise on
carbohydrate metabolism.
The Cellular Mechanism in Skeletal Muscle in Metabolic Disease: Lipid Species and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Eshima Hiroaki
Published: November 2024

Obesity and diabetes impair skeletal muscle metabolism, muscle atrophy,
and contractile function, but the intracellular mechanisms have not been clarified fully.
Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress is associated with obesity and
diabetes. Depending on the pathological condition, stress may be affected to a greater
extent. Muscle oxidative stress has been implicated in lipid species composition in type
2 diabetes. This chapter discusses the impact of metabolic disease on the regulation of
lipid species and oxidative stress.
Statistical edge detection with an application to intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors:   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan, Al-Subh Sameer A. H. , Al-Banawi Kamal A. ,   Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
Published: November 2024

The goal of edge detection is to determine whether a point in an image is an edge point. This is done by applying first and second derivative operators to detect the greatest change in image intensity. In this paper, we propose a new method where the threshold, represented by the average a, is calculated within a neighborhood of I(x1,x2). This approach not only reduces processing time but also ensures that no pixels are missed. Pixels below the threshold are replaced after enhancement. We extend this work by applying the Canny edge detector (CED) to detect boundaries in MRI images of abnormal brains affected by intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). Two thresholds are used: the hysteresis threshold in the CED and our proposed statistical threshold, which works alongside traditional edge operators like Sobel, Prewitt, and Laplacian.
Association of Subjective Cognitive Concerns With Performance on Mobile App–Based Cognitive Assessment in Cognitively Normal Older Adults: Observational Study
Authors: Nester Caroline O , De Vito Alyssa N , Prieto Sarah , Kunicki Zachary J , Strenger Jennifer , Harrington Karra D , Roque Nelson , Sliwinski Martin J , Rabin Laura A , Thompson Louisa I
Published: November 2024

Background

Subjective cognitive concerns (SCCs) may be among the earliest clinical symptoms of dementia. There is growing interest in applying a mobile app–based cognitive assessment to remotely screen for cognitive status in preclinical dementia, but the relationship between SCC and relevant mobile assessment metrics is uncertain.

Objective

This study aimed to characterize the relationship between SCC and adherence, satisfaction, and performance on mobile app assessments in cognitively unimpaired older adults.

Methods

Participants (N=122; Meanage=68.85 [SD 4.93] years; Meaneducation=16.85 [SD 2.39] years; female: n=82, ; White:n=106, ) completed 8 assessment days using Mobile Monitoring of Cognitive Change (M2C2), an app-based testing platform, with brief daily sessions within morning, afternoon, and evening time windows (24 total testing sessions). M2C2 includes digital working memory, processing speed, and episodic memory tasks. Participants provided feedback about their satisfaction and motivation related to M2C2 upon study completion. SCC was assessed using the Cognitive Function Instrument. Regression analyses evaluated the association between SCC and adherence, satisfaction, and performance on M2C2, controlling for age, sex, depression, and loneliness. Linear-mixed effects models evaluated whether SCC predicted M2C2 subtest performance over the 8-day testing period, controlling for covariates.

Results

SCC was not associated with app satisfaction or protocol motivation, but it was significantly associated with lower rates of protocol adherence (ß=−.20, P=.37, 95% CI −.65 to −.02). Higher SCC endorsement significantly predicted worse overall episodic memory performance (ß=−.20, P=.02, 95% CI −.02 to −.01), but not working memory or processing speed. There was a main effect of SCC on working memory performance at day 1 (estimate=−1.05, SE=0.47, ) and a significant interaction between SCC and working memory over the 8-day period (estimate=0.05, SE=0.02, ), such that SCC was associated with initially worse, then progressively better working memory performance.

Conclusions

SCCs are associated with worse overall memory performance on mobile app assessments, patterns of cognitive inefficiency (variable working memory), and mildly diminished adherence across an 8-day assessment period. Findings suggest that mobile app assessments may be sensitive to subtle cognitive changes, with important implications for early detection and treatment for individuals at risk for dementia.
Emotional Touch Nursing Competencies Model of the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Instrument Validation Study
Authors: Jung Sun-Young , Lee Ji-Hyeon
Published: November 2024

Background

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is transforming the health care sector through advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and big data, leading to new expectations for rapid and accurate treatment. While the integration of technology in nursing tasks is on the rise, there remains a critical need to balance technological efficiency with empathy and emotional connection. This study aims to develop and validate a competency model for emotional touch nursing that responds to the evolving demands of the changing health care environment.

Objective

The aims of our study are to develop an emotional touch nursing competencies model and to verify its reliability and validity.

Methods

A conceptual framework and construct factors were developed based on an extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with nurses. The potential competencies were confirmed by 20 experts, and preliminary questions were prepared. The final version of the scale was verified through exploratory factor analysis (n=255) and confirmatory factor analysis (n=256) to assess its validity and reliability.

Results

From the exploratory analysis, 8 factors and 38 items (client-centered collaborative practice, learning agility for nursing, nursing professional commitment, positive self-worth, compliance with ethics and roles, nursing practice competence, nurse-client relationship, and nursing sensitivity) were extracted. These items were verified through convergent and discriminant validity testing. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (Cronbach α=0.95).

Conclusions

The findings from this study confirmed that this scale has sufficient validity and reliability to measure emotional touch nursing competencies. It is expected to be used to build a knowledge and educational system for emotional touch nursing.