bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil properties and soybean yield depending from the use of green manure of oats
Authors: Naumenko Alexander , Oborskaya Yulia , Shelikhan Maxim
Published: December 2023

Green fertilizer (green manure) serves as an inexhaustible and constantly renewable source of nutrients and organic matter. The search for ways to increase the efficiency of traditional ways of using green manure, and the development of new methods for their use are an important task of modern agriculture. The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of green manure on the agrochemical properties of the soil, soybean yield and their degree of relationship in the conditions of the Amur Region. Studies on the assessment of oat green manure were carried out from 2016 to 2022 in the village of Kovrizhka, Konstantinovsky district, Amur region, within the boundaries of the land use of the peasant family farm “Pchela” . The experiment was placed in a production environment, where each of the five fields was taken as a variant, with the corresponding area: field 1 - 240 ha, field 2 - 158 ha, field 3 - 270 ha, field 4 - 350 ha and field 5 - 256 ha. In each field, in accordance with the scheme of the experiment, oats were cultivated for green manure, mineral fertilizers were not used. Green manure of oats contributed to an increase in the pHH20 value to 6,80-6,93 units, pHKCI value to 5,50-5, 70 units рН. The content of mobile phosphorus, determined by the method of A.T. Kirsanov, decreased every year of research, while the minimum values of the content of this element were recorded in 2022 (11-87 mg/kg of soil). The positive effect of green manure was reflected in the content of exchangeable potassium, while an increase in the content of this element was noted only in 2019 by 12-73 mg/kg of soil, and after 3 years, the indicators were lower by 37-73 mg/kg of soil.
Research of the growth and development of woody plants in radon-active territories of Karelia
Authors: Bolondinsky Victor , Belashev Boris
Published: December 2023

The influence of lithospheric gases on the growth and development of plants is studied. Using a number of areas in Karelia as an example, the weak (300-700 Bq/m3) and strong (6000-8000 Bq/m3) effects of radon on woody plants were analyzed. In areas with high radon activity, an increased frequency of structural anomalies of plant trunks, tumor-like growths, bark necrosis, cancerous diseases of fungal origin, and loss of immunity in plants at a young age are noted. Resistant species in such zones are alder and juniper. In zones of moderate radon activity, carbon dioxide fluxes from the soil surface and at different depths were measured, and the processes of growth and CO2 gas exchange of Scots pine shoots were studied. It has been shown that a CO2 flow of deep origin can increase pine growth by 15-20%.
Seed yield structure in taiga and sub-settlement Siberian stone pine forests: level, and nature of differences
Authors: Velisevich Svetlana , Popov Alexander , Goroshkevich Sergei
Published: December 2023

On the example of Siberian stone pine, seed productivity was analysed in two stands that differed in origin and formation conditions. The cone yield was analysed in years with different levels of seed production in the period from 2016 to 2019. In terms of the number of cones per tree, the sub-settlement Siberian stone pine forest was 2-3 times superior to the taiga Siberian stone pine forest. The level of individual variability in the number of cones in the near-settlement Siberian stone pine forest was significantly lower than in the taiga forest. There is reason to believe that the high level of variability is likely related to a more pronounced differentiation of the stand by crown size. The number of dead ovules in the Siberian stone pine forest in settlement is 60-70% higher than in the taiga forest. Due to high “mortality” of ovules and high variability of this trait, the number of filled seeds in the near-settlement Siberian stone pine forest is much lower, and variability in the number of complete seeds is much higher than in taiga Siberian stone pine forest. When there are few filled seeds in a cone, the size of each of them increases. Therefore, the average weight of one filled seed is higher in the subsettlement Siberian stone pine forest than in the taiga forest. Thus, the quality of the cones in the years of average and especially high yield in the near-settlement Siberian stone pine forest is much lower, and the level of variability of the traits that characterise it is much higher, and the distribution of the traits is characterised by a pronounced negative kurtosis. Obviously, these peculiarities of the near-settlement Siberian stone pine forest are related to human interference in the course of its development, which disturbed the course of natural selection and deformed the genotypic composition of the population.
Bioelements in soil and plants roadside area of Orenburg streets
Authors: Tarasova T.Ph. , Salnikova E.V. , Baitelova A.I. , Bykova L.A. , Rahimova N.N. , Solopova V. A.
Published: December 2023

Today road transport has acquired a leading role in forming of environmental components` quality. The number of cars in the last years 3-5 years in many cities has doubled and somewhere even tripled. Orenburg region isn’t exception. If we consider the dynamics of the formation of the car park in Orenburg for the past few years, then it doubled, and there is a priority growth in the number of passenger cars. So, the trends in the quantity and quality of vehicles in Orenburg make it possible to predict an increase in the further adverse impact on the quality of the environment associated with the operation of vehicles. Cadmium enters the natural environment as a result of tire wear and abrasion of asphalt concrete. Nickel and chromium are wear products of body coatings, iron is a product of engine cylinder abrasion. Lead and cadmium are traditionally considered the most dangerous pollutants of the natural environment among heavy metals. It has been established that 75% of the lead contained in the fuel of an internal combustion engine is released into the air as part of aerosols in combination with chlorine and bromine ions and is scattered. The purpose of the study is to assess the ecological situation of the roadside territories of Orenburg streets. The most polluted objects in terms of the biogeochemical indicator are the crossroads of streets in the historical part of Orenburg, the roadside area of Sovetskaya Street is less polluted.
Research on nature-like and high-tech means to enhance winter wheat growth and development
Authors: Izvekov Sergey , Stepanova Eugenia , Zakharov Dmitry , Kosolapov Vladimir , Batalova Galina , Semenova Natalia , Akimova Svetlana , Rud Vasily , Glinushkin Alexey , Paskhin Mark , Kazantseva Dina , Yanykin Denis , Baikin Alexander , Kaplan Mikhail , Sevostyanov Mikhail , Morozova Yaroslava , Nikitina Elena , Tatus Nikolai , Dormidontov Nikolai , Zhavoronkina Angelika , Nesvat Alexander
Published: December 2023

The search and creation of agrochemicals of a new generation, similar to bioprotectors, for agriculture is an urgent task of today scientific findings. The applied high-tech agrochemicals, in addition to their protective properties, have positive effect on the growth and development of cereals. The initial stages of growth and development (stress phases) are passing better with the introduction of effective fertilizers, agrochemicals and growth regulators. However, the use of their concentrated solutions is ineffective due to losses or transitions to an inaccessible state. Prolonged gradual release of Fe (II) will provide the concentration required for plants in the soil.
Changes in transpiration data in plants of the genus Solanum
Authors: Zakharov Dmitry , Stepanova Eugenia , Paskhin Mark , Kazantseva Dina , Kosolapov Vladimir , Semenova Natalia , Glinushkin Alexey , Yanykin Denis
Published: December 2023

A study was carried out of the physiological parameters of the tomato variety “Barberry F1”, under the influence of an external factor, at night in the conditions of the Moscow region. Parameters such as transpiration were observed. According to the results of the experiment, there are significant differences between the two variants of the experiment (control and experiment). Under the influence of the limiting factor, there is a general increase in the efficiency of transpiration; in addition to the general increase, changes occur in the studied parameters under the conditions of dividing the plant into tiers. Thus, in the control plant, the middle leaves show significant differences from the upper and lower tier, whereas in the experiment this difference is significant only in some cases.
Socio-economic indicators of the rural population life quality in ESG economic growth model
Authors: Ishnazarova Zulfiya , Sitnova Inna , Barlybaev Adigam , Ishnazarov Diyaz , Yakshimbetova Gulshat
Published: December 2023

The article considers socioeconomic indicators of the quality of life of the population of rural areas in the context of the ESG model of economic development. The article analyses the main factors that shape the living conditions of the population on the basis of statistical data, carries out subjective assessment of residents of external factors of life, and studies the experience of life quality management in the regions where there is an increase or preservation of the population of rural areas It is concluded that in the Republic of Bashkortostan, according to statistical data, there is an annual decline in the number of rural populations, living conditions are characterised by underdeveloped infrastructure, a relatively high level of unemployment and poverty, a low level of income, as well as according to the assessment of the residents themselves, is characterised by low provision with financial and material resources, in areas with a high development of mining and oil industry, there are also environmental problems. At the same time, according to the authors, the currently implemented regional measures to support rural areas will have a favourable impact, including on the socioeconomic indicators of the quality of life of the rural population. It is proposed to study the quality of life of the rural population and its management from the position of ESG-model of economic development, which includes environmental, social and management criteria of sustainable development of rural areas and provides a comprehensive approach to solving socioeconomic problems of economically vulnerable territories.
Agricultural potential of upper Prilenye in ensuring the food security of the Irkutsk region
Authors: Rogovskaya Natalya
Published: December 2023

Traditionally, the main agricultural zone of the Irkutsk region is considered to be the Trans-Siberian zone and the districts of the Ust-Orda Buryat district. Since the production of food products is the most crucial aspect of providing food to the population of the Irkutsk region, the territorial expansion and increase of agricultural potential are relevant. The novelty of the research is the study and the proposal for more active inclusion of the Upper Prilenye districts in the agricultural profile of the Irkutsk region. They form an agrarian area of dairy and meat production, cultivation of vegetables of the closed ground, and potatoes. The purpose of the research is to study the natural resource potential of the Upper Prilenye in solving issues of food security in the region. Methods used in the research are statistical, historical, and cartographic. Research results are that the agricultural potential of the Upper Prilenye is based on significant land resources that are suitable for the development of crop production. The area is located in a zone of risky agriculture with unfavorable agro-climatic conditions. Thus, the current direction in grain production is the production of feed grain to create a local base for feed production in dairy and meat livestock. It is necessary to use the agricultural production potential of the area for more successful development of traditional branches of the agro-industrial complex of the Irkutsk region.
Improving the efficiency of using easily renewable resources in agriculture of the Kamchatka Territory
Authors: Ryakhovskaya Nina , Rogaleva Nadezhda , Veniaminova Lyubov , Radygina Evgenia , Timakova Raza
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the environmental impact of pre-pressed fish broth on soil fertility, which contributes to improving the quality of products and the renewal of resources in the Kamchatka Territory. Solving the problems of intensification of agriculture and increasing soil fertility mainly through the widespread use of pre-pressed broth and developing techniques that will reduce production costs and increase the efficiency of using easily renewable resources in agriculture of the Kamchatka Territory. Generally accepted methods of crop production, agriculture and agrochemistry were used in the research. In the experiment, a pre-pressed broth formed as a result of processing fish waste into flour was used. In the experiment, a pre-pressed broth formed as a result of processing fish waste into flour was used in order to increase soil fertility. The introduction of pre-pressed broth was carried out in autumn, winter, spring and summer. The study provides experimental data confirming the hypothesis that fractional use of pre-pressed fish broth throughout the year for fodder crops is one of the most rational methods of its disposal. The data on the effect of pre-pressed broth doses from fishmeal processing on the agrochemical properties of the soil (the content of available forms of nitrogen, exchangeable potassium, mobile forms of trace elements have been shown), yield and quality of oats (yield and chemical composition of the green mass of oats). The use of pre-pressed broth after the production of fishmeal as an organic fertilizer for composting peat with manure and application in its pure form can be considered promising.
Feasibility and prospects for the use of digital technologies in the audit of a testing laboratory
Authors: Kuzmina Svetlana , Chernikova Anna , Astrakhanceva Anna , Kanunnikova Kristina
Published: December 2023

Confirmation of the testing laboratory competence is a necessary condition for ensuring the high quality of its functioning. Currently, the competence check of the testing laboratory is organized through the quality management system (QMS) audit procedure based on the requirements of the legislation. Distinctive features of the present time have determined the necessity to move from traditional formats of QMS audit to remote audit using digital technologies. Thus, the study focuses on the features of remote audit, the main factors determining the effectiveness of its implementation, the analysis of remote audit possibilities when checking the competence of the testing laboratory and development of a program for its implementation. The stages are defined and their characteristics are given for conducting a remote audit when checking the competence of the testing laboratory. On the basis of a risk-oriented approach, key stages and tasks are defined when using digital technologies during remote audit.
Land degradation in Central Asia: a review of papers from the Scopus database published in English for the period of 2000-2020
Authors: Juliev M. , Jumaniyazov I. , Togaev I. , Toshtemirov Sh. , Samiev A. , Ochilov I. , Usmanov K. , Saidova M.
Published: December 2023

Land degradation has a big influence for Central Asia. The territory of Central Asia is rarely discovered and it can be seen by the number of published papers in English. There is a high potential of applying remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (GIS) for the mapping and monitoring of degraded lands. In the present research we tried to collect all Scopus-based publications in English for 20 years using land degradation as a keyword. We analyzed the most popular journals, top authors, top-cited papers, top countries, and the role of remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) in the land degradation issues of Central Asia. RS and GIS technologies are good tools, but in Central Asia researchers have to spread them widely. Data-sharing systems and lack of international cooperation could bring more joint projects and publications on land degradation issues.
Ullmannite and Heyrovskyite veins of the Genevskaya Darasunskoye gold deposit in Eastern Transbaikalia (Russia)
Authors: Yurgenson Georgi , Mironova Elena
Published: December 2023

The first data on the mineral composition of the vein of the Geneva Darasunskoye gold deposit in Transbaikalia are given. Particular attention is paid to the rare mineral ulmannite NiSbS, which has not been described before, and Heyrovskyite, which is previously unknown in the ores of this deposit, which belongs to rare minerals of the lead-bismuth sulfosal salt group. Both mineral species are found in propylites containing a gold-bearing vein. Among the ulmannites, arsenic and non-arsenic varieties were found. The arsenic content is in the range of 4.9 – 7.37 wt.%. Two of the analyzed samples contained copper contents of 0.83–0.87 wt. %. All measured individuals contain iron ranging from 0.57 to 1.75 wt.% and there is a sulfur deficiency. For the first time, a lead-silver-bismuth sulfosalt belonging to heyrovskite was identified in the near-salband part of the Geneva gold-bearing vein of the Darasun gold deposit. Its composition is not constant. Kheyrovskite of the Darasun deposit differs in chemical composition from its other known occurrences in its relatively high antimony content up to 2.12%, as well as a high bismuth content and sulfur deficiency. Both minerals belong to the early stage of the formation of the Geneva gold vein.
Improved parametrization of the vertical turbulent exchange coefficient, taking into account the shallow water bodies specifics
Authors: Protsenko E.A. , Sidoryakina V.V. , Protsenko S.V.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of improving the parameterization of the coefficient of turbulent exchange in shallow water bodies with significant depth differences and intensive vertical mixing. The article presents the basic equations of the model of taking into account the wave effect on the inhomogeneous vertical coefficient of turbulent exchange. This model is integrated into the system of Navier-Stokes equations taking into account the variable density, temperature and salinity, which describes the movement of a liquid under the influence of various forces, including pressure and viscosity, as well as forces caused by the action of waves. The article presents the discretization of the Navier-Stokes equations and the transfer equations by the finite difference method in three measurement directions. The additional term describing the wave effect on the vertical velocity in a shallow-water reservoir depends on the characteristics of the wave field: amplitude, angular frequency, wave number and coordinates. Using a model that takes into account the wave effect in three measuring directions and inhomogeneous turbulent exchange in the vertical direction, detailed information about the dynamics of waves in the simulated section of a shallow reservoir was obtained. The forecast of changes in hydrodynamic wave processes of the coastal zone is constructed. Inhomogeneous vertical turbulent exchange can vary significantly in different parts of a shallow reservoir and affect wave activity. Taking into account these changes makes the model more accurate and relevant to real conditions.
Climate change evaluations by inhabitants of the high-mountain regions of Russia: risks and security issues
Authors: Maximova Svetlana , Omelchenko Daria , Noyanzina Oksana , Maximov Maxim
Published: December 2023

The high-mountain areas of Russia including areas of the Altai Republic are characterized by intense climate change, the consequences of which in the long term will have a tangible impact on their socio-economic development, the level of security and well-being of the population. The article presents the results of sociological surveys of the population in six settlements of Kosh-Agachsky and Ulagansky districts of the Altai Republic, located near the centers of dangerous exogenous processes (n = 403), which allowed to describe the perception of climate threats and to articulate the risks that are of greater concern to residents and affect the preservation of their traditional way of life and ways of doing business.
White Sea catchment area: changes in soil temperature
Authors: Nazarova Larisa
Published: December 2023

In the situation of climate warming, no less important than changes in air temperature are estimates of changes in soil temperature both on the surface and at different depths. The article examines the current state and changes in the thermal regime of soils in the White Sea catchment area based on long-term data from weather stations located in the study area. Changes in mean annual and monthly soil temperatures were estimated for the new reference period 1991-2020. The analysis shows that the temperatures on the soil surface and at depths have increased since the beginning of the 21st century throughout the White Sea catchment area.
The influence of lead ions, cationic synthetic surfactants and their combinations on the pigment composition of tissues of plant organisms in water bodies Ceratophyllum demersum and Egeria densa
Authors: Makurina Olga , Goryacheva Marina , Medvedev Ilya , Kropova Yulia
Published: December 2023

The mass of man-made chemical elements entering water bodies along with wastewater is gradually increasing, causing a lot of negative consequences. Plant organisms of water bodies are among the first to experience the effects of any anthropogenic pollutants and especially heavy metals and surfactants, the amount of which increases in the water of rivers and lakes. Changes in the ratio of the pool of green and yellow enzymes in aquatic plants are considered as a reliable diagnostic indicator of the development of disorders in plant cells due to technogenic influences. Changes in the content of photosynthetic pigments in plants of two species (Ceratophyllum demersum and Egeria densa) were monitored when they were exposed to very common technogenic substances (lead ions and a solution of cationic synthetic surfactants). The changes found in the quantitative content of photosynthetic pigments in aquatic plants are caused by the appearance and development of stress and some adaptation to it. Under these conditions, the structures of proteins and lipids of thylakoid membranes change, the level of ATP decreases, free radical processes are activated and the intensity of photosynthesis is inhibited. Thus, the action of lead ions, a solution of cationic synthetic surfactants, and especially their combination have a very negative effect on the tissues of Ceratophyllum demersum and Egeria densa, which is expressed in a change in the content of photosynthetic pigments and their ratio.
Clay minerals influence on the process of oil displacement by water in Jurassic reservoirs
Authors: Krivova Nadezhda , Belokurova Elena , Leontiev Sergey
Published: December 2023

Investigations of mineralogical composition of clay fraction of rock samples, injection of different water into Jurassic sediments at different fields are considered. It was found that the final oil recovery of reservoirs at reservoir pressure maintenance by water injection is significantly affected by swelling of clay minerals.
The replacement of mineral fertilizers with chicken manure biochar significantly decreases the carbon footprint of wheat
Authors: Galieva Gulnaz , Shaykheeva Regina , Kuryntseva Polina , Galitskaya Polina , Selivanovskaya Svetlana
Published: December 2023

Biochar is a product of oxygen-free thermal decomposition of biomass and refers alternative fertilizers. Data on the carbon footprint of agricultural products obtained using different types of biochars are not enough to date. The purpose of this study was to compare the carbon footprint of wheat of the grade "Yoldyz-Elita", grown using mineral fertilizers "Diamofoska" and biochar. Biochar was received from chicken manure, the pyrolysis process was at 400ºC, for 2 hours. Biochar was added in an amount of 30 t/ha, mineral fertilizers "Diamofoska" in an amount of 300 kg/ha, respectively. Calculations the carbon footprint included data on fuel consumption and N2O emission from mineral fertilizers, CO2 emission from soil (respiration activity), data on C fixation in biomass of wheat plants and in biochar. It was demonstrated that the use of biochar led to an increase in total soil carbon by 28% by the end of the field experiment. The application of biochar led to an increase in wheat yield by 2.5 times that was similar to the yield with application of mineral fertilizers. It was found that the main contribution to the carbon footprint of wheat was the respiration activity of the soil (up to 95%). The volume of CO2 from fuel used by agricultural machinery was insignificant (0.5% of the total CO2 emissions), soil cultivation with mineral fertilizers increased CO2 emissions by 3%. The use of biochar as an organomineral fertilizer led to a 79% decrease in the carbon footprint of wheat. Thus, biochar from chicken manures may be recommended to reduce the carbon footprint of wheat.
The structure of the yield of promising soybean varieties in the conditions of RNO-Alania
Authors: Tedeeva Victoria , Tedeeva Albina
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the research was to study agrotechnical techniques, that contribute to the growth of yields, improve grain quality and improve the technology of cultivation of promising soybean varieties in the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania. Objectives: to establish optimal sowing dates for promising soybean varieties of various ripeness, to study the influence of methods and seeding rates on the productivity of soybean varieties. We studied the influence of seeding rates and seeding methods on the growth, development and features of the production process of promising soybean varieties in the Russian Federation. We also established optimal seeding rates and seeding methods that can ensure optimal growth, development and high productivity of plants. The studies were conducted in the period 2019 - 2021, in the foothill zone of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania, characterized as a forest-steppe with unstable moisture. The soils are represented by leached chernozems, the arable layer contains from 3 to 4.4% humus. The object of the study were the following soybean varieties: Lira - very early, Irbis - early, Frost - medium–early, Vilana – medium–ripening, Vita - very early, Slavia - medium-ripening, Iriston - medium-ripening. Field germination of seeds decreased with an increase in the seeding rate - from 83.6 to 87.9%. The highest safety of plants for harvesting was established at a seeding rate of 500 thousand/ha (94.2%), and the lowest (82.1%) - at 800 thousand/ha. The highest seed productivity of soybean plants was established at a seeding rate of 500 thousand/ha - 4.5 g. Precocious varieties reacted better to wide-row crops (45 cm). The continuous method of sowing also showed good results. On average, for 3 years, the yield of wide-row sowing was 0.18 t/ha higher than ordinary. The protein content varied slightly depending on the method of sowing, more of it was noted on wide-row crops.
Selection of the optimal concentration of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in the nutrient medium for effective micropropagation of Populus × berolinensis
Authors: Pavlichenko Vasiliy , Protopopova Marina
Published: December 2023

The study describes the features of the effective micropropagation of Populus berolinensis using indolyl-3-butyric acid (IBA). Internode sections without axillary buds are the most frequently used type of explant for Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of woody plants. The application of growth regulators, such as indolyl-3-butyric acid (IBA), allows to increase the length of the internodes and thereby solve the problem of the availability of a sufficient amount of material for genetic transformation. Our results showed that 0.15 mg L-1 of IBA in the nutrient medium is the most suitable concentration for the effective micropropagation of Berlin poplar. Shoots rooted or regenerated from axillary buds in case of replanting of the rooted stump at medium supplemented with IBA in mentioned concentration, have expanded internodes in comparison with the control group of plants and may be successfully used as a good source of internode sections in Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation.
Biodiversity of gut microorganisms in aquacultured African catfish
Authors: Skvortsova Elena , Filinskaya Oksana , Postrash Irina , Bushkareva Anna , Mostofina Alexandra
Published: December 2023

The article examines the intestinal microbiome of young and adult catfish Clarias gariepinus raised under aquaculture conditions. Genomic DNA was isolated from the large intestine of fish. The study was conducted using the 16S Metagenomics protocol, and the library pool was sequenced on Illumina MiSeq. The microbiota is characterized by a diverse set of both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, the qualitative and quantitative composition of which is strictly individual for each individual. The microbiota of young catfish consisted mainly of opportunistic gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas, as well as gram-negative anaerobic bacteria Cetobacterium somerae. In adult catfish, higher biodiversity and the appearance of opportunistic gram-positive bacteria of the genus Streptococcus in the dominant genera were revealed; the species Propionibacterium acnes was also common. The study results indicate that the diversity of the gut microbiome of the catfish Clarias gariepinus increases over time.
Technology for producing healthy seed potatoes from botanical seeds
Authors: Borisov Oleg , Laptina Ulyana , Gichenkova Olga , Laptina Yulia , Malikova Polina
Published: December 2023

The presented material on the improvement of seed potatoes through botanical seeds will improve the varietal and sowing qualities of potatoes. The selected varieties are capable of forming berries on plants in the conditions of the Lower Volga region, and the selected seeds have high germination capacity. The technological process allows us to work out agricultural techniques that ensure the production of microtubers at every stage, from sowing seeds and growing high-quality seedlings.
The use of non-traditional raw materials in the production technology of bakery products
Authors: Morgunov Vladimir , Zenina Elena , Mel’nikov Artem , Mel’nikova Elena , Sutorma Oksana
Published: December 2023

Bread and bakery products are one of the staple foods and make up a significant part of the daily human diet. However, the biological value is low and the content of essential amino acids is insufficient. In this regard, the goal of the work was to develop a recipe for wheat bread with the addition of amaranth flour and coriander. To determine the optimal recipe, laboratory baking of prototypes was carried out with different ratios of additional components. The addition of amaranth flour and ground coriander affected the color of the samples: from light yellow in the control to light brown in the test samples. The taste and smell of the prototypes also changed with the increase in non-traditional raw materials in the recipe. The acidity of the crumb increased depending on the amount of added amaranth flour and ground coriander: from 2.5 ºT for the control sample to 2.7 for the 3rd experimental sample. An inversely proportional effect of amaranth flour and ground coriander on porosity was established, which decreased from 75.0% for the control sample to 71.0% for test sample 3. The addition of amaranth flour and ground coriander to the recipe had a positive effect on the mass fraction of protein - the maximum value This indicator was recorded in samples 2 and 3 (8.3%), which is 0.8-0.1 abs. percent higher compared to the performance of the control sample and prototype 1
Features of phytoextraction of rare earth elements by a complex of plants and microorganisms from technogenically polluted wastewater of mining enterprises
Authors: Tokhtar V.K. , Tretyakov M.Yu. , Zelenkova V.N. , Nikulin I.S. , Batishchev O.V.
Published: December 2023

Rare earth elements are not always rare in their total mass, but their concentration in ores is usually so low that this limits the possibility of cost-effective extraction and enrichment for processing and use. At the same time, some rare earth elements accumulate as a by-product of mining ores containing, for example, copper, phosphates and iron. The article presents for the first time data on the accumulation of some rare earth elements in the tissues of phytoremediant plants Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Typha angustifolia L., Typha latifolia L., used for the treatment of technogenically polluted wastewater from mining enterprises. The influence of the symbionts Bacillus subtilis strain DSM 32424, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain VKPM V-10642 (DSM 24614), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain VKPM V-10643 (DSM 24615), Bacillus subtilis 26D and Azotobacter vinelandii IB-4 on the efficiency of phytoextraction in different species of plants is considered. toremediants. The most effective symbiotic complexes of plants and microorganisms with a high phytoextractive ability to extract some rare earth elements have been identified.
Technical and technological Solutions for environmentally safe Irrigation with wide-reach Sprinklers
Authors: Zhuravleva Larisa
Published: December 2023

It is known that sprinkling can cause surface runoff of irrigation water and water erosion of soils, which leads to deterioration of water-physical and agrochemical properties of soils, its fertility decreases. The purpose of the research was to ensure environmentally safe irrigation with wide-reach sprinklers by improving the designs of sprinklers and their placement along the pipeline. The developed sprinklers were equipped with sprinklers “Frigate” DMU-B463-90. Studies have shown that the volume of surface runoff of irrigation water during the irrigation season when watering with sprinklers with developed sprinklers was less, and as a percentage of the irrigation norm was: in 2020, when watering DM with sprinklers having a rotating deflector – 6.3%, when watering with a machine with sprinklers having a double deflector – 3.9%; in 2021 respectively – 6.6 and 4.1%, in 2022 – 6.0 and 3.9%. The conducted studies allowed us to recommend installing sprinklers with a rotating deflector or cascade versions at high irrigation rates in the end part of the machine.
Level of atmospheric air pollution with heavy metals in the influence zone of coal industry enterprises (Berezovsky)
Authors: Rizhakova Nadezhda , Rogova Natalia , Borisenko Alex , Pokrovskaya Elena , Tatarintseva Maria
Published: December 2023

The work presents the results of a study of atmospheric air pollution with heavy metals in a small mining town in the Kemerovo region. The assessment was carried out using the active biomonitoring method. The epiphytic moss Pylaisiella polyantha served as a bioindicator. The content of chemical elements was determined using the neutron activation method. Elements and areas of the city were identified for which high levels of concentrations values were obtained relative to background.
Assessing reforestation after a fire using UAVs
Authors: Kabonen Alexey , Gavrilova Olga , Betelev Vladimir
Published: December 2023

In 2022, an aerial photograph of a 16-year-old burnt area was carried out along the northwestern border of the Botanical Garden of Petrozavodsk State University (Republic of Karelia, Russia). In addition to this, a field survey of the survey sites was carried out. The work was carried out to assess the state of natural forest regeneration after the fire. The results of combined studies showed that after the fire, viable young growth of mixed composition was formed with a predominance of Pinus sylvestris (71% of the total number of tree species), Betula pendula (22%), Populus tremula and Alnus incana (3.5% each). When comparing plant heights on three-dimensional point clouds with field measurements, it was only possible to reliably determine plant heights for a large generally accepted category (> 1.5 m), while the dependence of determining tree heights obtained by different methods turned out to be very significant (R2 = 0.95). The maximum height of P. sylvestris trees in the study area was 6.2 m, the average values varied from 3.5 m to 4.5 m, which indicates the success of reforestation after a fire on rocky outcrops.
Monitoring the composition of the air environment in livestock buildings using a programmable logic controller
Authors: Kondratyev Alexander , Evdokimov Aleksei
Published: December 2023

A system for monitoring the composition of the air environment in livestock buildings has been developed. The system consists of a programmable logic controller, frequency converter, operator panel and gas sensors. A control program in LD language was developed for multi-stage control of the fan motor speed. The linear nature of the relationship between the fan speed and the air flow it creates has been experimentally confirmed.
Variable research of the efficiency of a combined thermal storage system when used at NPPs with VVER
Authors: Murtazov Marat , Yurin Valery
Published: December 2023

The energy sector has the problem of covering the unevenness of daily energy consumption. Electric stations are unloaded during hours of reduced electrical load in the power system, which leads to a decrease in their economic efficiency and resource indicators. This problem is especially relevant for nuclear power plants. This is justified by their high cost with relatively cheap fuel, which makes it logical to fully load them. However, an increase in the number of nuclear installations in the energy system leads to the need to unload them. The authors developed a system for combining thermal accumulators (phase change accumulator and hot water tanks) with a nuclear power plant and an additional low-power steam turbine. An additional turbine makes it possible not to overload the main turbine of a nuclear power plant. In addition, when a nuclear power plant is de-energized, an additional turbine can provide power to the station’s own needs using only the decay heat energy of one reactor. The conditions for economic efficiency and payback of the accumulation system were studied in the work. Boundary values of the maximum net present value for three steam turbine power options for a range of operating conditions were obtained.
Die systematische Verhaltensbeobachtung –Ein ungenutztes
Potenzial für die medizinische Rehabilitation?
Authors: Kessemeier Franziska , Reck Simone , Hesse Bettina
Published: December 2023

Die Verhaltensbeobachtung kann effektiv in Diagnostik, Therapieplanung,
Evaluation und Leistungsbeurteilung eingesetzt werden, wird jedoch in der
medizinischen Rehabilitation bisher wenig genutzt. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, dass
die medizinische Rehabilitation hier von anderen Disziplinen lernen kann.
Diätetische Ansätze in der Tumortherapie
Authors: Leven Anna-Sophia , Eisenburger Robin Tamara , Espelage Lena , Tasdogan Alpaslan
Published: December 2023

Im Zuge der personalisierten Medizin gewinnen bei Tumorerkrankungen patientenindividuelle Faktoren wie persönliche Ernährungsmuster, der Lebensstil, das intestinale Mikrobiom oder das Geschlecht immer mehr an Bedeutung. Neben anderen Tumorentitäten erlangt auch beim malignen Melanom die Ernährung einen zunehmenden Stellenwert. Durch die Einführung der immun- und zielgerichteten Therapien konnte die Mortalität zwar deutlich gesenkt werden, jedoch zeigt sich ein sehr heterogenes Therapieansprechen. Folglich ist das Bestreben groß, alternative oder unterstützende Faktoren für ein besseres Therapieansprechen zu identifizieren. Präklinische Studien konnten bereits positive Effekte diätetischer Interventionen auf eine Immuntherapie und in der Folge auf das Therapieansprechen zeigen. Z.T. konnte das Ansprechen auf eine Immuntherapie sogar wiederhergestellt werden. Dabei wird angenommen, dass der Zellmetabolismus durch eine bestimmte Nährstoffaufnahme „umprogrammiert“ werden kann. Um diese präklinischen Daten auf die Klinik zu transferieren, werden im Rahmen von klinischen Studien diätetische Interventionen in Kombination mit etablierten Tumortherapien untersucht und dabei deren Auswirkungen auf den Metabolismus der Tumor- und Immunzellen analysiert.
Intercity asymmetrical linkages influenced by Spring Festival migration and its multivariate distance determinants: a case study of the Yangtze River Delta Region in China
Authors: Lin Jinping , Wu Kangmin
Published: December 2023

Understanding intercity linkage patterns is of great importance to understanding urbanization. With advancements in transportation, communication technology, and the availability of big data, the “death of distance” concept has gained significant attention. This paper analyzes the asymmetric spatial intercity linkage network in China’s economically developed YRDR based on big data derived from Spring Festival (SF) migration. The aim is to explore the determinants of these linkages considering multivariate distance factors. The findings indicate a notable pattern of asymmetry in the intercity linkage network of the YRDR between core and non-core cities. The spatial decay effect of geographic distance on intercity asymmetry linkage is observed. Despite technological advancements, geographic distance remains the most influential and decisive factor in determining intercity asymmetric linkages. While other attribute distances also play a positive role, their effects become complex when controlling for geographic distance. Understanding these attribute distances is essential in comprehending the decay effect. This study contributes to the empirical investigation of the “death of distance” debate and provides a practical analytical framework for analyzing the drivers of intercity linkage patterns. It enhances our understanding of intercity spatial linkages within the context of urbanization in China and offers valuable insights for formulating development policies in the YRDR.
Vibration spectra of benzene-like models with Hooke’s law interactions
Authors: Bogdan M. M. , Charkina O. V. , Holovashchenko A. Y.
Published: December 2023

The harmonic oscillations of a spring-ball model of benzene-like nanosystems with Hooke’s law interactions between nearest, second, and third neighbors are explored. We show that in the cylindrical coordinates the dynamics of this cyclic hexagonal system is described by the Lagrange equations similar to those of the one-dimensional two-component crystal model. We demonstrate that the vibration frequencies of the hexagonal model lie on the branches of the dispersion law of the associated lattice model, and their positions are determined by the cyclic Born-Von Karman condition. The hexagonal model is generalized to one describing the benzene molecule and the fully deuterated and halogenated benzenes. The effect of hybridization of vibration modes and pushing apart of spectral branches in the crossover situation is revealed. All the discrete frequency spectrum and normal modes of oscillations and their explicit dependencies on all the constants of elastic interactions are exactly found.
Establishing a One Health AMR Community of Practice in Nigeria
Authors: Ndahi Authors: Mwapu , Fagbamila Idowu Oluwabunmi , Adebiyi Ini , Ekeng Eme , Adeleke Suliat , Adetunji Victoria , Hendriksen Rene S. , Ryan Catherine , Patel Hemanti , Chisnall Tom , Verner-Jeffreys David , Card Roderick M.
Published: December 2023

To support the objectives set out in Nigeria’s national action plan for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), we established a One Health AMR Community of Practice comprised of Fleming Fund Fellows and their mentors. This community is a multi-disciplinary team dedicated to addressing AMR in human and animal health sectors, with members from Nigeria, Denmark, and the United Kingdom. We undertook gap analyses of the systems in Fleming Fellows’ laboratories and institutions to identify areas for support. Tailor-made capacity support programmes were developed for each Fellow. Fellows visited their mentors’ institutes for in-person coaching, and subsequently implemented strengthened processes at their home institutes. The community has trained 178 Nigerian scientists from Government, academic, and private laboratories, by delivering courses comprising classroom teaching and hands-on laboratory sessions. This up-skilling of Nigerian laboratory staff, through the ‘train-the-trainer’ approach, has enhanced capacity to produce high-quality microbiological data. The community has completed One Health collaborative projects investigating AMR in livestock, in-contact humans, the farm environment, and hospital submissions. We have held feedback sessions with stakeholders to raise awareness of AMR and provided advice on measures such as biosecurity, which can help to prevent disease and therefore reduce the need for antimicrobial use. The establishment of this community has helped to strengthen personal and institutional capacities in Nigeria, Denmark, and the United Kingdom and created a network of scientists working together to tackle AMR. This community has contributed to One Health AMR surveillance systems and supported the implementation of Nigeria’s national action plan for AMR.

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© The Authors 2023
A novel witness to incoherence of 𝑆𝐿₅(ℤ)
Authors: Douba Sami
Published: December 2023

Motivated by a question of Stover, we discuss an example of a Zariski-dense finitely generated subgroup of

S
L

5

(

Z

)

\mathrm {SL}_5(\mathbb {Z})

that is not finitely presented.
MARCKS and PI(4,5)P2 reciprocally regulate actin-based dendritic spine morphology
Authors: Calabrese Barbara , Halpain Shelley
Published: December 2023

Myristoylated, alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) is an F-actin and phospholipid binding protein implicated in numerous cellular activities, including the regulation of morphology in neuronal dendrites and dendritic spines. MARCKS contains a lysine-rich effector domain that mediates its binding to plasma membrane phosphatidylinositol-4,5-biphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) in a manner controlled by PKC and calcium/calmodulin. In neurons, manipulations of MARCKS concentration and membrane targeting strongly affect the numbers, shapes, and F-actin properties of dendritic spines, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the effects of MARCKS on dendritic spine morphology are due to its capacity to regulate the availability of plasma membrane PI(4,5)P2. We observed that the concentration of free PI(4,5)P2 on the dendritic plasma membrane was inversely proportional to the concentration of MARCKS. Endogenous PI(4,5)P2 levels were increased or decreased, respectively, by acutely overexpressing either phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K) or inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (5ptase). PIP5K, like MARCKS depletion, induced severe spine shrinkage; 5ptase, like constitutively membrane-bound MARCKS, induced aberrant spine elongation. These phenotypes involved changes in actin properties driven by the F-actin severing protein cofilin. Collectively, these findings support a model in which neuronal activity regulates actin-dependent spine morphology through antagonistic interactions of MARCKS and PI(4,5)P2.