bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Main Characteristics of the Regional Budget Planning on the Example of Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District
Authors: Sherstobitova A. , Posnihina Evgeniya
Published: November 2019

If the order of drawing up the draft Federal budget is defined by the Budget code of the Russian Federation, the order of drawing up the draft budget of the subject of the Federation and the draft budget of the municipality, along with the bases of drawing up draft budgets defined by the Budget code of the Russian Federation, is also determined by the laws of the subjects of the Federation and municipal legal acts of the representative body of the municipality. In the legal literature, this approach is recognized as justified, as at each level of the budget system there is specificity in the development of budget indicators. In addition, it is impossible to apply a unified approach to the detailed organization of the drafting of regional and local budgets, since the timing and content of the procedures for drafting budgets in the constituent entities of the Federation and municipalities depend on a whole range of socio-economic and political factors. In view of the above, the development of regional and local budgets should be governed by the rules of budgetary procedure adopted at the appropriate levels of the budgetary system. Drafting of regional and local budgets and budget acts is traditionally the responsibility of the Executive bodies. Accordingly, the draft budget of the subject of the Federation shall be drawn up in accordance with the procedure established by the Supreme Executive body of the state power of the subject of the Russian Federation (article 169 of the BC) [1]. Budgeting at any level by virtue of part 2 of art. 172 the BC of the Russian Federation is based on: the Budget address of the President of the Russian Federation; the forecast of social and economic development of the relevant territory; the main directions of budget and tax policy; the budget forecast for the long term; state (municipal) programs.
Equity Contracts and Incentive Design in Start-Up Teams
Authors: Kagan Evgeny , Leider Stephen , Lovejoy William S.
Published: November 2019

Entrepreneurial teams assign equity positions in their start-ups using a term sheet that details equity splits and the conditions for being granted those splits. The design of equity split agreements has attracted considerable attention in the entrepreneurial community, with no convergence on a single preferred contract form. This paper experimentally examines the effectiveness of different contractual arrangements, focusing in particular on the effects of contract form and contracting timing on founder effort and on the value of the venture. Our results suggest that performance improves with the incentive strength of the contract, but they question the conventional logic that this effect is causal. Instead, we suggest a novel causal sequence. Rather than the contract form being the primitive and the behavior the derived consequence, our results suggest the reverse. The differences in contract performance are driven primarily by the sorting of high contributors into nonequal contracts and of low contributors into equal contracts; that is, equal contracts are bad for team performance not because of their incentive strength but because of the founder types that adopt them. Taken together, these results suggest that both investors and founders should pay as much (or more) attention to personality type as they do to contract form.

This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Counting Integral Points in Polytopes via Numerical Analysis of Contour Integration
Authors: Hirai Hiroshi , Oshiro Ryunosuke , Tanaka Ken’ichiro
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we address the problem of counting integer points in a rational polytope described by P(y) = {x ∈ Rm: Ax = y, x ≥ 0}, where A is an n × m integer matrix and y is an n-dimensional integer vector. We study the Z transformation approach initiated in works by Brion and Vergne, Beck, and Lasserre and Zeron from the numerical analysis point of view and obtain a new algorithm on this problem. If A is nonnegative, then the number of integer points in P(y) can be computed in [Formula: see text] time and [Formula: see text] space. This improves, in terms of space complexity, a naive DP algorithm with [Formula: see text]-size dynamic programming table. Our result is based on the standard error analysis of the numerical contour integration for the inverse Z transform and establishes a new type of an inclusion-exclusion formula for integer points in P(y).

We apply our result to hypergraph b-matching and obtain a [Formula: see text] time algorithm for counting b-matchings in a k-partite hypergraph with n vertices and m hyperedges. This result is viewed as a b-matching generalization of the classical result by Ryser for k = 2 and its multipartite extension by Björklund and Husfeldt.
Paroles d’antan et devoir de mémoire dans Le Quatrième siècle, d’Édouard Glissant
Authors: Rocha Vanessa Massoni da
Published: November 2019

Cet article souhaite analyser le « devoir de mémoire » dans le roman Le Quatrième siècle, publié en 1964 par l’écrivain martiniquais Édouard Glissant. Il s’agit de mettre en évidence le texte romanesque pour étudier la domination coloniale et la résistance en Martinique à partir de l’observation des drames et aventures de quatre générations des familles Longoué et Béluse, esclaves arrivés en Martinique en 1788 pendant l’entreprise coloniale française et la traite esclavagiste. Le roman-saga se penche sur l’histoire orale pour raconter l’histoire locale à partir du point de vue des esclaves et de leurs héritiers, en refusant le soliloque du colonisateur et le danger d’une histoire unique. Il est question de nuancer l’historiographie officielle, de témoigner des chemins entre la dépossession et l’appropriation de l’histoire et de célébrer la réhabilitation de la voix ancestrale africaine par le biais d’un griot et d’un quimboiseur pour faire émerger la parole d’antan et l’âme noire des Caraïbes.
Direct arylation and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines catalyzed by (SIPr)Pd(allyl)Cl complex under microwave-irradiation
Authors: El Abbouchi Abdelmoula , Koubachi Jamal , El Brahmi Nabil , El Kazzouli Said
Published: November 2019

A short and practical arylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and imidazole derivatives with aryl halides or aryl boronic acids as coupling partners was successfully carried out using phosphine-free (SIPr)Pd(allyl)Cl as the catalyst [SIPr: (N,N’-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene)] ((SIPr)Pd(allyl)Cl complex). 3,6-disubstituted imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine and 5-substituted imidazole compounds were obtained in good to excellent yields in only 1h under microwave-assisted C-H arylation and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction conditions.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal worms in Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep on the slope of Mount Sumbing, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Baihaqi Zein Ahmad , Widiyono Irkham , Nurcahyo Wisnu
Published: November 2019

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) worms in Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep from the slope of Mount Sumbing.

Materials and Methods: Fecal samples (n=305) were collected directly from the rectum of Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep during the dry and rainy seasons in Wonosobo Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The presence of GI helminth eggs in the fecal samples was assessed using the modified McMaster egg counting technique. The identification of the eggs or oocysts was done on the basis of their morphology and size.

Results: The highest prevalence of GI worms was observed in male thin-tailed sheep (76.47%) during the rainy season, whereas the lowest prevalence was observed in female Wonosobo sheep (47.36%) during the dry season. The types of GI nematodes observed in these two types of sheep were Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Bunostomum spp., Trichuris spp., and Moniezia spp. The GI worms with the highest prevalence were of Haemonchus spp. and were observed in male thin-tailed sheep. The prevalences of the two types of sheep assessed at an altitude of 1150 m above sea level were higher than those observed at the altitude of 1586 m. The prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical parasites infestation in Wonosobo and thin-tailed sheep in Kwadungan village was significantly different (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study showed that two types of local sheep on the slope of Mount Sumbing are infected with various GI worms during the dry and rainy seasons. The highest prevalence of GI worms was found in thin-tailed sheep at an altitude of 1150 m above sea level during the rainy season, with H. contortus being the most prevalent GI parasites.
Troska czy opresja – współczesny dyskurs genetyczny w kontekście myśli transhumanistycznej
Authors: Żok Agnieszka
Published: November 2019

Postęp medycyny bez wątpienia ma w swym założeniu troskę o człowieka. Nowe technologie zawsze budziły jednak kontrowersje i strach przed nieodpowiednim ich wykorzystaniem. Nie jest nowym stwierdzeniem, iż to nie w samej metodzie, a w sposobie jej wykorzystania tkwi ryzyko. Nowa genetyka rozbudziła w społeczeństwach ogromne nadzieje, co pozwoliło rozwinąć się nowej gałęzi przemysłu nie zawsze związanego z medycyną. Podstawowym celem genetyków medycznych jest opracowanie metod leczenia chorób dotąd nieuleczalnych, na co mogą pozwolić metody edycji DNA. Entuzjastycznie podchodzący do nowych technologii transhumaniści będą dopatrywali się w edycji DNA najwyższej troski o ludzkość oraz przybliżania jej do wyższego stadium rozwoju.
Kinetika Pengeringan Busa Ampas Seduhan Teh
Authors: Hartati Indah , Kusumaningrum Maharani
Published: November 2019

Dominasi produksi minuman teh dalam kemasan berdampak pada meningkatnya produksi limbah ampas seduhan teh yang masih memiliki kandungan berbagai metabolit sekunder, mineral, serat dan protein. Metode pengeringan busa (foam mat drying) dapat diterapkan pada produksi serbuk ampas seduhan teh guna mendukung pengembangan dan pemanfaatan lebih lanjut dari ampas seduhan teh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi busa putih telur pada proses pengeringan busa ampas seduhan teh serta mengkaji kinetika pengeringan lapis tipis menggunakan model kinetika Newton/Lewis, Page, Henderson-Pabis, Logartitmic dan Two Term. Parameter proses yang dievaluasi meliputi variasi penambahan busa putih telur (7,5-15%) sementara kadar maltodekstrin yang ditambahkan sebesar 30% dan pengeringan dilakukan pada suhu 800C. Penelitian menunjukkan jika penggunaan busa putih telur 7,5% memberikan kontanta kecepatan pengeringan yang lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan penggunaan busa putih telur 10-15%.  Dalam penelitian ini, model kinetika Page merupakan model yang memberikan kesesuaian yang lebih tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan model kinetika Newton/Lewis, Henderson and Pabis, Logartitmic dan Two Term. The emerging growth of tea based beverage impacts on the abundance of spent tea waste, a solid waste in which rich of secondary metabolites, minerals, fibre and protein.  Foam mat drying of spent tea leaves powder is applied for further utilization of spent tea waste. The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of egg white concentration added in the foam mat drying of spent tea waste and investigate the foam mat drying kinetics. The thin layer drying kinetics models applied were Newton/Lewis, Page, Henderson-Pabis, Logartitmic and Two Term model. The egg white concentration were varied of 7,5-15%, meanwhile the maltodextrin was of  30% and the the drying processes were performed at temperature of 800C. The research showed that the foam mat drying of spent tea waste performed at egg white concentration addition of 7,5% gave higher drying rate constant. In this research, Among the empirical models applied in this research, Page model was found to be the most adequate model representing the drying behavior of spent tea waste.
Twisted tensor products of φ-coordinated modules for nonlocal vertex algebras
Authors: Sun Jiancai
Published: November 2019

We study twisted tensor products of ϕ-coordinated modules of nonlocal vertex algebras. Furthermore, we introduce the notion of ϕ-coordinated
module twistor for a ϕ-coordinated module of a nonlocal vertex algebra.
Chain conditions for graph C*-algebras
Authors: Rouzbehani Mohammad , Pourgholamhossein Mahmood , Amini Massoud
Published: November 2019

In this article, we study chain conditions for graph C*-algebras. We show that there are infinitely many mutually non isomorphic Noetherian (and Artinian) purely infinite graph C*-algebras with infinitely many ideals. We prove that if E is a graph, then

C
*

⁢

(
E
)

{C^{*}(E)}

is a Noetherian (resp. Artinian) C*-algebra if and only if E satisfies condition (K) and each ascending (resp. descending) sequence of admissible pairs of E stabilizes.
Existence results for a non-homogeneous Neumann problem through Orlicz–Sobolev spaces
Authors: Heidarkhani Shapour , Caristi Giuseppe , Afrouzi Ghasem A. , Moradi Shahin
Published: November 2019

Based on a variational principle for smooth functionals defined on reflexive Banach spaces, the existence of at least one weak solution for a non-homogeneous Neumann problem in an appropriate Orlicz–Sobolev space is discussed.
Joel, Catchwords, and Its Place in the Book of the Twelve
Authors: Werse Nicholas R.
Published: November 2019

The present article builds upon previously identified catchwords linking Joel to Hosea and Amos by arguing that Joel opens with literary connections to the beginning (Joel 1:1//Hos 1:1) and end (Joel 1:5–7//Hos 14:2–9) of Hosea in the same way Joel ends with literary links to the beginning (Joel 4:16aα [3:16aα]//Amos 1:2a) and end (Joel 4:18aα [3:18aα]//Amos 9:13b) of Amos. This article concludes by examining the compositional and literary implications of opening and closing Joel with framing language from Hosea and Amos respectively.
Response to: »Was There Ever an Implicit Acceptance of Male Homosexual Intercourse in Leviticus 18?« by George M. Hollenback in ZAW 131/3 (2019), 464–466.
Authors: Dershowitz Idan
Published: November 2019

I comment on George Hollenback’s response in ZAW 131/3 (2019) to my article »Revealing Nakedness and Concealing Homosexual Intercourse: Legal and Lexical Evolution in Leviticus 18,« Hebrew Bible and Ancient Israel (HeBAI) 6/4 (2017): 510–526.
Orthodoxe Religionspädagogik als eigenständige wissenschaftliche Disziplin
Authors: Stogiannidis Athanasios
Published: November 2019

Angesichts der in den westeuropäischen Ländern anwachsenden Präsenz von Angehörigen der Orthodoxen Kirche ist es zunehmend wichtig, dass auch die Orthodoxe Religionspädagogik als wissenschaftliche Disziplin als Gesprächspartner in die interkonfessionelle bzw. interreligiöse Bildungsdebatte eintreten kann. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird in diesem Beitrag dargestellt, welchen wissenschaftstheoretischen Tendenzen diese Disziplin in neuerer Zeit gefolgt ist und wie darin das Selbstverständnis der Orthodoxen Religionspädagogik zum Ausdruck kommt. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt der Darstellung liegt dabei auf dem Verständnis der Bezeichnung als Religionspädagogik sowie der damit verbundenen wissenschaftlichen Aufgaben. Als Grundlage der Darstellung dienen solche orthodox-religionspädagogische Veröffentlichungen, die einen umfassenden Überblick zum Profil der Orthodoxen Religionspädagogik als Forschungsbereich erlauben. Daneben werden, zumindest am Rande, auch einige Problemstellungen im Blick auf religionspädagogische Grundfragen dieser Disziplin herausgearbeitet.
“Die Maschine als Symbol ihrer Wirkungsweise”: Wittgenstein, Reuleaux and Kinematics
Authors: Gandon Sébastien
Published: November 2019

In Philosophical Investigations 193–94, Wittgenstein draws a notorious analogy between the working of a machine and the application of a rule. According to the view of rule-following that Wittgenstein is criticizing, the future applications of a rule are completely determined by the rule itself, as the movements of the machine components are completely determined by the machine configuration. On what conception of the machine is such an analogy based? In this paper, I intend to show that Wittgenstein relied on quite a specific scientific tradition very active at the beginning of the twentieth century: the kinematic or the general science of machines. To explain the fundamental tenets of this line of research and its links with Wittgenstein, I focus on Franz Reuleaux (1829–1905), whose works were known to Wittgenstein.       The first payoff of this investigation is to help distance the functionalist framework from which this passage is often read: Wittgenstein’s machines are not (or not primarily) computers. The second payoff is to explain why Wittgenstein talks about machines at this place in his discussion on rule-following: it is not the machine model in itself that is criticized in PI 193–94, but the “philosophical” temptation to generalize from it.
Walking the Places of Exception: The Tule Lake National Monument
Authors: Goulding Cathlin
Published: November 2019

In places of exception, human lives cease to be, as Judith Butler (2004) explains, “grievable” (p. 20). Places of exception take form in prisons, jails, concentration camps, immigration detention centers, Indigenous boarding schools, suspension rooms in schools, and the refugee camp. While their contexts and architectures vary, these places share a political logic and purpose, designed to exclude or contain persons and populations deemed security threats to the state (Agamben, 1998, 1999, 2005). Often located in remote areas, these sites permit persons to be stripped of certain rights and obligations. Their bodies are rendered vulnerable to harm and, in the most egregious cases, mass murder. Places of exception are part of the “cartographies of dispossession—the kind that rips away, distances, alienates” (Morrill & Tuck, 2016, p. 4). When such places fall out of use, their material structures are disassembled, relocated, and repurposed. Still, the vestiges of the camps remain: the foundation of a latrine, the ruins of a mess hall, the white shards of pottery. Walking these places of exception, we are haunted by the residue of the social violence that occurred in these sites (Gordon, 2008; Trigg, 2012).
The School of Site: Istanbul Walkabouts
Authors: Tümerdem Nazi
Published: November 2019

This article focuses on the potentialities of employing the practice of walking as a critical public pedagogy in the context of the transforming territories of northern Istanbul. It will initially give background information on the current processes of neoliberal urbanization taking place in northern Istanbul. It will then, based on the experience of the independent walking project Istanbul Walkabouts, discuss how walking can be used as a critical methodology outside and in academia to question hegemonic approaches to land, record the terra incognita areas of cities, and produce alternative modes of mapping. Ultimately, it will emphasize how performing critical walking in the precarious geographies of northern Istanbul with diverse publics can trigger experiential and place-based (un)learning, produce multiple epistemologies, and generate a community that is critically engaged with top-down approaches to urbanization.
Loss of HIPK2 Protects Neurons from Mitochondrial Toxins by Regulating Parkin Protein Turnover
Authors: Zhang Jiasheng , Shang Yulei , Kamiya Sherry , Kotowski Sarah J. , Nakamura Ken , Huang Eric J.
Published: November 2019

Mitochondria are important sources of energy, but they are also the target of cellular stress, toxin exposure, and aging-related injury. Persistent accumulation of damaged mitochondria has been implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases. One highly conserved mechanism to clear damaged mitochondria involves the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin and PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), which cooperatively initiate the process called mitophagy that identifies and eliminates damaged mitochondria through the autophagosome and lysosome pathways. Parkin is a mostly cytosolic protein, but is rapidly recruited to damaged mitochondria and target them for mitophagy. Moreover, Parkin interactomes also involve signaling pathways and transcriptional machinery critical for survival and cell death. However, the mechanism that regulates Parkin protein level remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the loss of homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) in neurons and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) has a broad protective effect from cell death induced by mitochondrial toxins. The mechanism by whichHipk2−/−neurons and MEFs are more resistant to mitochondrial toxins is in part due to the role of HIPK2 and its kinase activity in promoting Parkin degradation via the proteasome-mediated mechanism. The loss of HIPK2 leads to higher cytosolic Parkin protein levels at basal conditions and upon exposure to mitochondrial toxins, which protects mitochondria from toxin-induced damage. In addition,Hipk2−/−neurons and MEFs show increased expression of PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1), a Parkin downstream target that can provide additional benefits via transcriptional activation of mitochondrial genes. Together, these results reveal a previously unrecognized avenue to target HIPK2 in neuroprotection via the Parkin-mediated pathway.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this study, we provide evidence that homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) and its kinase activity promote Parkin degradation via the proteasome-mediated pathway. The loss of HIPK2 increases cytosolic and mitochondrial Parkin protein levels under basal conditions and upon exposure to mitochondrial toxins, which protect mitochondria from toxin-induced damage. In addition,Hipk2−/−neurons and mouse embryonic fibroblasts also show increased expression of PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1), a Parkin downstream target that can provide additional benefits via transcriptional activation of mitochondrial genes. These results indicate that targeting HIPK2 and its kinase activity can have neuroprotective effects by elevating Parkin protein levels.
Histological Study of White Rats Kidney Following The Consumption of Obat Pahit From Riau Archipelago
Authors: Fitmawati Fitmawati , Saputra Agus , Titrawani Titrawani , Juliantari Erwina , Kusumo Awal Prichatin
Published: November 2019

Obat Pahit from Lingga Malay ethnic is a traditional medicine which has believed by the local people to maintain the body stamina (immunomodulators and antioxidants). This study aimed to investigate the effect of Obat Pahit Potion on kidney histological structure of white male rats (Rattus norvegicus). This research was an experimental study with a Randomized Complete Block Design consisted of 15 treatments and 3 replications. The experiment groups consisted of control groups (Stimuno, distilled water, and CMC-Na 1%) and three treatment groups of Obat Pahit Potion (Kalan, SP4, Linau) with 4 different dosages. The samples of a kidney of white rats were prepared for histological observation using paraffin method and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. The results of this study showed that three kinds of Obat Pahit with four different dosages showed the expansion of glomerular cells on kidney tissue. Damage that occurs in the kidneys is still in small amounts and normal range which is less than 25%. The results of this study provide information for the society that the consumption of Obat Pahit Potion will not cause toxicity effect on the kidney.
The Species Diversity and Structure of The Limited Production Forest in Arui Watershed of Manokwari District of West Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Mahmud Mahmud , Kusumandari Ambar , Sudarmadji Sudarmadji , Supriyatno Nunuk
Published: November 2019

The detailed causal factors of flood have not been established, whether because of the damage of upper watershed, sedimentation resulting in shallow river, forest conversion, the decrease in abundance and structure or high rainfall. The study aimed at finding out the species diversity and structure of the limited production forest (LPF) from the seedling to the tree stage of Arui watershed in Manokwari district. The species diversity was determined based on Shannon-Wiener index, while vegetation structure was determined based on Importance Value Index. There were totally 92 plots of samples drawn using systematic sampling. The results of vegetation analysis showed that there were 174 species of 43 families with the species diversity of 1.5-1.8 that was categorized as moderate. The four dominant species that were always found in seedling, sapling, pole and tree stages included: Pometia pinnata, Teijsmanniodendron bogoriense, Chisocheton ceramicus, and Horsfieldia irya. The conversion of the LPF into non-forestry sector for the purpose of accelerating development must be reviewed by considering hydrology, land, biodiversity, and social and regional aspects in order to prevent and to reduce flood in the coming days.
Kaiwa Learning Effectiveness using Interview Method in Improving Japanese Speaking Comprehension
Authors: Karyati Alo , Hapsari Paramita Winny
Published: November 2019

This study aims is to: (1) Determine LPK Matsushita Gobel Foundation Jakarta participants ability to speak Japanese before using interview method. (2) Determine Pakuan University participant’s ability to speak in Japanese before using interview method. (3) Knowing the differences of LPK Matsushita Gobel Foundation Jakarta participant’s ability to speak Japanese before and after using the interview method. (4) Determine whether the method can improve the LPK Matsushita Gobel Foundation Jakarta participant’s ability to speak Japanese or not. (5) Gain feedback from LPK Matsushita Gobel Foundation Jakarta participants towards this method. This research is a class action, using a quasi-experiment which focuses on one sample class. The research instrument consists pretest and post-test, questionnaires, and interviews. The result of those interviews are reported in front of the class into a series of stories. By this method of interview, not only the participants are able to have conversations with many people, but the participants were able to reiterated the interview results to the class and done in a way such as giving a speech.
Le L’ANALYSE DE LA CONFORMITÉ DU TEST DE LA COMPREHENSION ÉCRITE POUR LA 11E ANNÉE DU 1E SEMESTRE À SMA NEGERI 8 SEMARANG AU STANDARD DE LA COMPÉTENCE, À LA COMPÉTENCE DE BASE, ET À L’INDICATEUR
Authors: Pratiwi Yonnika , Widayanti Diah Vitri , Handayani Sri
Published: November 2019

SMA N 8 Semarang is one of schools using curriculum 2006 named KTSP. The teacherarranged some test to examine student’s reading ability. A good test should be relevant withCompetence Standard, Basic Competence, and also indicator. It is descriptive-qualitative research. The aim of this research is to describe the conformity of France Language readingtest (is used in SMA N 8 Semarang) with Competence Standard, Basic Competence, andindicator. The object of this research is the item of reading test. This research used reading testquestion which is used in SMA N 8 Semarang made by French teacher in this school as thedata resource. Reading test consist of test 1, test 2, test 3,and final exam. This research useddocumentation technique to collect the data. The data were analyzed using content analysistechnique. The result shows that among 141 items of reading test, 102 points (72,34%) areconform to Competence Standard, Basic Competence and also indicator. 39 points (27,65%)were not conformed to Competence Standard, Basic Competence and also indicator
KEBIJAKAN APLIKATIF PEMBERATAN PIDANA BAGI PELAKU PENGULANGAN TINDAK PIDANA
Authors: Sutanti Rahmi Dwi
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat ketentuan sistem pemidanaan bagi pelaku pengulangan tindak pidana; dan kebijakan aplikatif pemberatan pidana bagi pelaku pengulangan tindak pidana. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Yuridis Normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ketentuan sistem pemidanaan bagi pelaku pengulangan tindak pidana dirumuskan tidak hanya dalam KUHP tetapi juga undang-undang di luar KUHP. Hal ini juga merupakan konsekuensi karena dalam sistem pemidanaan pengaturan recidive tidak masuk dalam ketentuan umum. Meskipun sudah diatur dalam undang-undang tersendiri, dalam beberapa undang-undang di luar KUHP rumusan ketentuan recidive ditemukan masih multi tafsir dan berpotensi menimbulkan masalah yuridis. Sedangkan kebijakan aplikatif pemberatan pidana bagi pelaku pengulangan tindak pidana dapat dilihat dari analisis beberapa putusan hakim berkaitan dengan recidive. Untuk dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaku memang benar melakukan recidive maka diperlukan bukti-bukti yang jelas, tidak hanya mengandalkan keterangan pelaku. Hal ini berkaitan dengan penambahan ancaman maksimum pidana sesuai dengan yang diamanatkan oleh undang-undang. Oleh karena itu dalam penerapannya dibutuhkan kecermatan dan ketepatan dari para aparat penegak hukum.The aims of this research is to look at the provisions of the punishment system for perpetrators of repetition of criminal acts; And applicable criminal levying policies for perpetrators of repeat offenses. The research method used is Juridical Normative. The results of the study show that the provision of punishment system for perpetrators of repetition of crime is formulated not only in the Criminal Code but also laws outside the Criminal Code. This is also a consequence because in the system of punishment the recidive arrangements are not included in the general provisions. Although it is set out in a separate law, in some laws outside the Criminal Code the formulation of recidive provisions is found to be multi-interpretive and potentially lead to juridical issues. While applicable criminal levy policies for perpetrators of repetition of crime can be seen from the analysis of some judge decisions related to recidive. To be concluded that the perpetrator is indeed doing recidive then required clear evidence, not just rely on the perpetrator's description. This relates to the addition of the maximum criminal threat as mandated by law. Therefore, in its application requires the precision and accuracy of law enforcement officers.
Social Loss Corruption Cases in Indonesia: How Should the Corruptors Punished?
Authors: Nabila Suci
Published: November 2019

Corruption is a serious problem that occurs in a country including Indonesia. Corruption is a problem that has a very big impact on the country and causes a lot of losses that its handling has not been taken seriously. This crime is very difficult to eradicate, because it is usually carried out in a systematic way and involves the authorities or people who hold economic and political power. In various countries the way to punish perpetrators of corruption is very diverse. In Indonesia alone the punishment used is a sentence of imprisonment. But the sentence of confinement in Indonesia is considered to have a deterrent effect. It is appropriate for a corruptor to be given severe sanctions and give a deterrent effect, one of which is a death sentence. But in Indonesia there are pros and cons regarding this death sentence.
THE SYNTHESIS OF GLYCEROL CARBONATE FROM BIODIESEL BY PRODUCT GLYCEROL
 AND UREA OVER AMBERLYST 15
Authors: Suyatmo Reviana Inda Dwi , Sulistyo Hary , Sediawan Wahyudi Budi
Published: November 2019

The growing utilization of biodiesel as a renewable fuel has generated a large surplus of glycerol as a major byproduct. The prices of glycerol continue to drop in such an oversaturated market. Therefore, new uses are being developed for glycerol to produce value-added chemicals. Among those chemicals, glycerol carbonate has many application in various fields. Glycerol carbonate is mostly used as a solvent in cosmetic and pharmacheutical industries due to its low toxicity, high boiling point, and low vapor pressure. The synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol and urea using Amberlyst15 as a catalyst was being conducted in this study. The reaction was carried out using a batch reactor for 5 hours with the condition of the reaction temperature was around 120oC, mole ratios of reactant of urea:glycerol were 0.8:1, 0.9:1, 1:1, and 1.2:1 , catalyst concentrations were 2%, 2,5%, 3%, and 4%, and mixing speeds were 370 rpm, 525 rpm, and 700 rpm. It is found that the optimum conversion of glycerol was obtained at 120oC with 5 hours of reaction using an equimolar amount of glycerol and urea with catalyst load of 3%. Mixing speed did not affect glycerol conversion. Amberlyst15 as catalyst was also stable enough to be reused at least for three times.
COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF THE EDIBLE FILM BASED ON LOW PECTIN METHOXYL
 WITH GLYCEROL AND SORBITOL PLASTICIZERS
Authors: Darni Yuli , Utami Herti , Septiana Rina , Fitriana Rizka Aidila
Published: November 2019

This study aims to compare the characteristics of mechanical and water vapor permeability of edible film based on low pectin methoxyl from cocoa skin with glycerol and sorbitol as plasticizer. In the research also added CaCO3 filler with the weight variation of 0; 0.2; and 0.4 gr. Pectin from cocoa peel was isolated by extraction use ammonium oxalic at a temperature of 85oC, pH of 3.6 for 60 minutes. An edible film synthesized at a temperature of 85oC to the agitation time of 50 minutes. 200 mesh of pectin used with the variation of glycerol and sorbitol plasticizer concentration are 1, 2 and 3% in volume. Edible films produced were dried at a temperature of 55oC for 6 hours. The results of the study obtained in 0.2 gr CaCO3 concentration and 1% glycerol of edible films has a tensile strength of 0.3267 mpa, percent elongation of 12.84%, modulus young of 2.5441 mpa, and the water vapor permeability of 4.1676 g/m2.day. While in 0.4 gr CaCO3 concentration and 1% sorbitol of edible films has a tensile strength of 6.511 mpa, percent elongation of 2.419%, modulus young of 269.119 mpa, and the water vapor permeability of 5.583 g/m2.day. Based on percent elongation characteristics, glycerol plasticizer made higher elasticity than sorbitol plasticizer. While the addition of filler able to increase tensile strength two times larger than without filler.
Effectiveness of DILA Learning Model Application on Applied Physics Course in The Department of Mining Engineering
Authors: Fadhilah F. , Effendi Z. M. , Ridwan R. , Alias M.
Published: November 2019

There is the fact that the students' learning outcome in Applied Physics course related to the application of the mining industry is unsatisfactory. Based on the results of the final score, the rate of successful students was only around 40%. Moreover, students' understanding application is also not by the desired competencies. In this research, a learning model was developed from the Contextual Teaching and Learning Model (CTL), i.e., DILA model which consists of four syntaxes (Display, Inquiry, Learning Community, and Authentic Assessment). The effectiveness of the DILA learning model was investigated to improve students’ learning outcomes in the Applied Physics course. This research employed the quasi-experimental design where the experimental class was treated by DILA model based on Contextual Teaching and Learning; whereas control class was not treated by the model. Data were obtained from the results of the pre-test and post-test scores; then it was analyzed by a parametric with an independent t-test, related t-test, and the effect size. The results indicate that there was a significant increase in students’ learning outcomes in the experimental class compared to the control class. In conclusion, DILA model can improve students’ learning outcomes in the Applied Physics course effectively.Hasil belajar Fisika Terapan yang diperoleh mahasiswa yang terlihat dari nilai akhir semester dan penerapan pada industri pertambangan pada umumnya tidak memuaskan. Tingkat kelulusan mahasiswa hanya sekitar 40%. Sehingga pemahaman mahasiswa dalam penerapannya juga tidak sesuai dengan kompetensi yang diinginkan. Model DILA merupakan salah satu model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dari Model Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL). Model DILA terdiri atas empat sintaks yaitu: Display, Inquiry, Learning Community, dan Authenthic Assessment. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengukur efektifitas Model Pembelajaran DILA guna meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada matakuliah Fisika Terapan. Penelitian ini merupakan quasi eksperiment dimana kelas eksperimen diberikan pembelajaran dengan Model DILA berbasis Contextual Teaching and Learning. Data diperoleh dari hasil pre-test dan post-test dan diolah secara parametric dengan t test sample independent dan t test related serta effect sizenya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran DILA yang diterapkan pada matakuliah Fisika Terapan di Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan adalah efektif. Ini berarti model Pembelajaran DILA dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada matakuliah Fisika Terapan.
Perancangan Sistem Perparkiran Rendah Biaya Berbasis Ponsel Cerdas Android
Authors: Pradana Adlan Bagus , Ma’rifadiyah Cholifah , Jatinugroho Dwiantono , Abidin Fakhrurrozi Zainal
Published: November 2019

Every public space requires vehicle parking facilities. The registration system was created to ensure the safety of parked vehicles. The existing registration system is done manually by giving a ticket written by the vehicle number by the officer. During exit, ticket is shown to the officer for being matched with the vehicle number. This system has a disadvantage because parking tickets have the opportunity to be counterfeit; the time of verification is dependent on humans and the use of disposable paper. The purpose of this study is to solve problems at low cost. The chosen solution is to register with the QR Code on the driver and vehicle when entering and leaving. This frees the riding-vehicle pair when entering the same as when exiting, because the system will not open the door if the driver-vehicle pair is different between when entering and exiting. The next advantage is reducing human problems. To support this goal, use smart and smart devices that use Android-based smartphones, Google Sheets, Google Forms, MIT App Inventor and TinyDB. This Android-based parking registration system has been proven to increase parking safety levels and reduce waiting times while reducing paper usage.
Optimizing Mixture Composition to Improve the Performance of Porous Asphalt for Wearing Course as an Environmentally Friendly Road Construction Material
Authors: Sulianti Ika , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Ibrahim Ibrahim , Subrianto A.
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Porous asphalt is an alternative in flexible pavement which is considered to make water seep into the soil. In previous research have been tested the mixture of  porous asphalt that meets porous asphalt porosity requirements, but found the weaknesses that the stability is still lower than the standard required. Based on result obtained before, the study is aimed at investigating the use of mixture composition variable with different percentages until the optimal conditions were obtained, namely making a normal mixture, 15%, 18.75%, 22.5%, 26.25%, 30% as sand composition reduction. The percentage of sand reducted from previous composition with different asphalt variations. Tests are carried out using the Marshall method. Sequence of tests show that the materials used for experiment meet the requirement.  Optimum Asphalt Content obtained for the mixture are 6% of the total mixed weight. The best Marshall characteristics for AC-WC porous asphalt obtained are at the percentage of 26.25% sand reduction.
Estudio coproparasitológico de helmintos gastrointestinales en zopilotes negros (Coragyps atratus) de Livingston, Izabal, Guatemala
Authors: Callejas-Martínez Jessica
Published: November 2019

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la presencia de helmintos gastrointestinales, a través del análisis coproparasitológico, en zopilotes negros (Coragyps atratus) de un área de Livingston, Izabal, Guatemala. Se analizó un total de 32 muestras fecales de estas aves por medio del método directo y el de flotación, con una solución sobresaturada de azúcar. De las 32 muestras analizadas, 21 (65.6%) resultaron positivas a la presencia de huevos de helmintos gastrointestinales; de estas, 20 (95.2%) presentaron huevos de trematodos; 3 (14.3%) presentaron huevos de nematodos; en 1 (4.8%) se encontró huevos de un acantocéfalo. Los huevos de un trematodo, de la superfamilia Diplostomoidea, fueron los más comúnmente observados, detectándose en 20 (62.5%) de las 32 muestras analizadas. Además, se encontraron huevos de un trematodo de la familia Echinostomatidae; de nematodos del género Heterakis y de las familias Ascarididae y Trichostrongylidae, así como huevos de Acanthocephala. De acuerdo con lo detectado a través del análisis coproparasitológico, los zopilotes negros evaluados presentaron helmintos gastrointestinales, predominando una especie de trematodo de la superfamilia Diplostomoidea. Los hallazgos de esta investigación constituyen un primer acercamiento al conocimiento de la fauna helmintológica gastrointestinal de Coragyps atratus en Guatemala.
Comportamiento reproductivo del ácaro Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) en celdas con cría de obrera y zángano en abejas africanizadas (Apis mellifera) en condiciones tropicales
Authors: Calderón-Fallas Rafael A.
Published: November 2019

Se estudió el comportamiento reproductivo del ácaro Varroa destructor en celdas con cría de obrera y zángano, durante el período de enero a agosto. Se utilizó 10 colmenas de abejas africanizadas (A. mellifera), ubicadas en el Centro de Investigaciones Apícolas Tropicales (CINAT), Lagunilla de Heredia, Costa Rica. La investigación se dividió en dos fases: a) la infestación artificial con el ácaro varroa de celdas con cría de obrera (n= 732) y b) la infestación artificial de celdas con cría de zángano con los ácaros provenientes de las celdas de obrera (n= 362). Además, se comparó la habilidad reproductiva de varroa en ambos tipos de celda (n= 362), y se analizó en detalle los ácaros que no se reprodujeron en la cría de obrera y que fueron transferidos a la cría de zángano (n= 85). Las celdas se revisaron 10 días después de infestadas artificialmente. Se evaluaron los siguientes parámetros reproductivos para cada ácaro: fertilidad, fecundidad, producción de hijas fértiles, producción de cría inmadura, producción de únicamente hembras, únicamente macho y no reproducción. En cría de obrera la fertilidad de varroa fue de un 76.9%; sin embargo, solo el 16.5% de los ácaros produjo hijas fértiles, con un promedio de 1.3 ± 0.5 hijas fértiles. Mientras que, en cría de zángano, la fertilidad fue de un 79.3% y un 38.1% de los ácaros produjo hijas fértiles, con un promedio de 2.1 ± 0.9 hijas viables por celda. Al comparar la habilidad reproductiva de varroa se encontró que la fertilidad fue similar en ambos tipos de cría, no obstante, en celdas con cría de zángano una cantidad considerable de ácaros produjo hijas fértiles, mientras que en celdas de obrera se encontró únicamente un 13.8%. Además, la producción de cría inmadura fue significativamente mayor en celdas con cría de obrera, superando el 40.0%. Uno de los resultados más relevantes fue que el 74.1% de los ácaros que no tuvieron reproducción en la cría de obrera, se reprodujeron después de ser transferidos a celdas con cría de zángano, indicando que este tipo de cría es esencial para el desarrollo y crecimiento de la población del ácaro V. destructor en colmenas de abejas africanizadas bajo condiciones tropicales.
¿Quién es el sujeto en la investigación educativa?
Authors: Gurdián-Fernández Alicia
Published: November 2019

Recibido 22 de mayo de 2011 • Acepta 29 de agosto de 2011 • Corregido 4 de setiembre de 2011 En este artículo argumento, en primer lugar, que la identidad de quien investiga incide no solo en su forma de investigar, sino también en los procesos de formación de sus estudiantes y, por ende, en la formación de las futuras investigadoras y los futuros investigadores educativos. En segundo lugar, señalo que las instituciones educativas, así como sus docentes, juegan un rol central en la construcción de identidades. En tercer lugar, enfatizo que de esta responsabilidad no se eximen quienes se dedican a la investigación educativa, por lo que les invito a reflexionar sobre: ¿Cuáles son nuestras responsabilidades en el proceso de construcción de identidades? ¿Quién es el sujeto de la educación? ¿Quién es el sujeto de la investigación educativa y en ella?¿Cuán inclusivas son nuestras nociones de sujeto educativo y del sujeto empírico? Mediante el desarrollo y análisis de interrogantes sobre temas como: la relación sujeto-objeto; el sujeto en la investigación educativa; el aporte de la subjetividad; la contribución de la fenomenología; entre otros, argumento que: a) la autobiografía intelectual es un instrumento de gran potencialidad para comprender el tono y la dirección de un proceso investigativo y b) centrar la atención en las personas, en su historia, sus relaciones sociales y su ambiente, como sujetos actuantes y no solo como objetos de estudio es un movimiento epistémico, político y ético, puesto que reconoce la acción del sujeto en el mundo y sobre este. Por último, apelo a que las investigadoras y los investigadores cualitativos no solo deben comprender quiénes son, sino que también deben hacerlo explícito puesto que hay un condicionamiento ético que lo demanda.
Una estrategia pedagógica para la enseñanza integrada del Español en el segundo ciclo de la Educación General Básica
Authors: Barboza Navarro Mireya
Published: November 2019

Recibido 05 de mayo de 2010 • Aceptado 31 de agosto de 2010 • Corregido 27 de junio de 2011

 

La enseñanza de la lengua debe constituirse en uno de los objetivos prioritarios del sistema educativo costarricense, en consideración a su papel como herramienta de comunicación y desarrollo del pensamiento. Sin lenguaje no se puede acceder a los demás conocimientos disciplinares del currículo escolar. Una experiencia exitosa desarrollada hace algunos años con estudiantes de segundo ciclo se constituyó en la base para el diseño y ejecución de una actividad de desarrollo profesional que se implementó con el objetivo de dar a conocer, a un grupo de docentes de instituciones públicas, la estrategia integradora, previamente adaptada a los requerimientos ministeriales y a la normativa nacional vigente. El estudio se desarrolla en el marco del paradigma cualitativo y se contempla, dentro de este enfoque, la utilización de la investigación-acción y de la sistematización. Para la participación en la actividad o curso se seleccionó una muestra intencional, por factor de conveniencia, en la cual se da a conocer la estrategia que luego sería replicada con un grupo de estudiantes de zonas urbano marginales. Como técnicas se contemplaron la revisión bibliográfica, el análisis de los programas de estudio y de las normas reguladoras ministeriales, la aplicación de una entrevista a profundidad, las reflexiones de los participantes del curso contenidas en un portafolio y las del grupo de estudiantes con quienes se aplicó la estrategia.Se analizó la información teórica y reguladora mediante una triangulación, además de las apreciaciones y reflexiones de docentes y estudiantes. Se concluye sobre la necesidad de considerar un enfoque comunicativo en la enseñanza del idioma y se recomienda la estrategia desarrollada en los ambientes áulicos costarricenses que se ofrece en este artículo.
El círculo de conversación como estrategia didáctica: Una experiencia para reflexionar y aplicar en educación superior
Authors: Arias Monge Mónica
Published: November 2019

Recibido 17 de abril de 2012 • Corregido 12 de junio de 2012 • Aceptado 28 de junio de 2012

 

 

La experiencia que presento a continuación tiene como propósito la reflexión, fundamentación, planificación y aplicación del círculo de conversación como estrategia didáctica, en la asignatura “PF-4237 Teoría de la Educación: Multiculturalidad y Educación”, del Programa de Doctorado Latinoamericano en Educación, de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Experiencia de formación que tiene como fundamento la teoría de la acción comunicativa, orientada a integrar el acompañamiento docente, la confrontación a la alteridad y la construcción de conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes sociales en educación superior.