bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AIR TRAFFIC FORECAST IN POST-LIBERALIZATION CONTEXT: A DYNAMIC LINEAR MODELS APPROACH
Authors: Rodriguez Yesid , Pineda Wilmer , Olariaga Oscar Diaz
Published: April 2020

The process of air transport liberalization in Colombia began in 1991. Liberalization entailed the entry of
private capital into the airport sector which subsequently led, in several temporary phases, to the privatization of the country’s
main airports. Simultaneously, new air operators entered the market. This new market situation, supported by the complete deregulation
of airfares, generated a dynamic and sustained growth of air transport in Colombia for two decades. Within the context of post-liberalization,
this article presents a forecast (medium-term – 5 years period) of air traffic in the country’s main airport using DLMs (Dynamic Linear Models).
It has the following advantages vs. the usual forecast calculation methodologies: it detects stochastic tendencies that are hidden in the time
series. It also detects structural changes that allow estimating the variable effect of exogenous shocks over time without increasing the number
of parameters. From the results obtained, it should be noted that the application of DLMs presents MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) values
below 1%, which guarantees predictions of higher accuracy and thus introduces a new alternative model to develop reliable forecasts in air
transport, at least in the medium-term.
THE ANALYSIS OF THE BANKRUPTCY OF ENTERPRISES EXEMPLIFIED BY THE VISEGRAD GROUP
Authors: Krajewski Jarosław , Tokarski Andrzej , Tokarski Maciej
Published: April 2020

The phenomenon of enterprises bankruptcy is an extremely complex process of economic, legal, social and even psychological nature. In the developed countries, the first studies on forecasting bankruptcy date to the early 20th century. In Central and Eastern Europe, due to, among other factors, the geopolitical situation and the introduced economic system, this issue became the subject of researchers’ interest only in the 1990s. The universality and complexity of the phenomenon incline the Authors to make an attempt to identify the scale of the bankruptcy processes in the states of the Visegrad Group (V4). The countries of V4 were selected because of their common history and similar economic development. The aim of this article is to analyze the dynamics of the phenomenon of bankruptcy of enterprises in the states of the V4 Group in the years 2005–2016 on the basis of the data taken from the Credit reform reports. The estimation of trend models in time series on the basis of the bankruptcy in the Visegrad Group countries in the years 2005–2016 was used in the article as the primary research method. The descriptive analysis was also applied in the article.
The Open Cluster Chemical Abundances and Mapping Survey. IV. Abundances for 128 Open Clusters Using SDSS/APOGEE DR16
Authors: Donor John , Frinchaboy Peter M. , Cunha Katia , O’Connell Julia E. , Prieto Carlos Allende , Almeida Andrés , Anders Friedrich , Beaton Rachael , Bizyaev Dmitry , Brownstein Joel R. , Carrera Ricardo , Chiappini Cristina , Cohen Roger , García-Hernández D. A. , Geisler Doug , Hasselquist Sten , Jönsson Henrik , Lane Richard R. , Majewski Steven R. , Minniti Dante , Bidin Christian Moni , Pan Kaike , Roman-Lopes Alexandre , Sobeck Jennifer S. , Zasowski Gail
Published: April 2020

The Open Cluster Chemical Abundances and Mapping (OCCAM) survey aims to constrain key Galactic dynamical and chemical evolution parameters by the construction of a large, comprehensive, uniform, infrared-based spectroscopic data set of hundreds of open clusters. This fourth contribution from the OCCAM survey presents analysis using Sloan Digital Sky Survey/APOGEE DR16 of a sample of 128 open clusters, 71 of which we designate to be “high quality” based on the appearance of their color–magnitude diagram. We find the APOGEE DR16 derived [Fe/H] abundances to be in good agreement with previous high-resolution spectroscopic open cluster abundance studies. Using the high-quality sample, we measure Galactic abundance gradients in 16 elements, and find evolution of some of the [X/Fe] gradients as a function of age. We find an overall Galactic [Fe/H] versus R
GC gradient of −0.068 ± 0.001 dex kpc−1 over the range of 6 < R
GC < 13.9 kpc; however, we note that this result is sensitive to the distance catalog used, varying as much as 15%. We formally derive the location of a break in the [Fe/H] abundance gradient as a free parameter in the gradient fit for the first time. We also measure significant Galactic gradients in O, Mg, S, Ca, Mn, Cr, Cu, Na, Al, and K, some of which are measured for the first time. Our large sample allows us to examine four well-populated age bins in order to explore the time evolution of gradients for a large number of elements and comment on possible implications for Galactic chemical evolution and radial migration.
Forward Modeling the Orbits of Companions to Pulsating Stars from Their Light Travel Time Variations
Authors: Hey Daniel R. , Murphy Simon J. , Foreman-Mackey Daniel , Bedding Timothy R. , Pope Benjamin J. S. , Hogg David W.
Published: April 2020

Mutual gravitation between a pulsating star and an orbital companion leads to a time-dependent variation in path length for starlight traveling to Earth. These variations can be used for coherently pulsating stars, such as the δ Scuti variables, to constrain the masses and orbits of their companions. Observing these variations for δ Scuti stars has previously relied on subdividing the light curve and measuring the average pulsation phase in equally sized subdivisions, which leads to undersampling near periapsis. We introduce a new approach that simultaneously forward models each sample in the light curve and show that this method improves upon current sensitivity limits—especially in the case of highly eccentric and short-period binaries. We find that this approach is sensitive enough to observe Jupiter mass planets around δ Scuti stars under ideal conditions, and use gravity-mode pulsations in the subdwarf B star KIC 7668647 to detect its companion without radial velocity data. We further provide robust detection limits as a function of the signal-to-noise ratio of the pulsation mode and determine that the minimum detectable light travel time amplitude for a typical Kepler δ Scuti is around 2 s. This new method significantly enhances the application of light travel time variations to detecting short-period binaries with pulsating components, and pulsating A-type exoplanet host stars, especially as a tool for eliminating false positives.
Very Slow Rotators from Tidally Synchronized Binaries
Authors: Nesvorný David , Vokrouhlický David , Bottke William F. , Levison Harold F. , Grundy William M.
Published: April 2020

A recent examination of K2 lightcurves indicates that ∼15% of Jupiter Trojans have very slow rotation (spin periods P
s > 100 hr). Here we consider the possibility that these bodies formed as equal-size binaries in the massive outer disk at ∼20–30 au. Prior to their implantation as Jupiter Trojans, tight binaries tidally evolved toward a synchronous state with P
s ∼ P
b, where P
b is the binary orbit period. They may have been subsequently dissociated by impacts and planetary encounters with at least one binary component retaining its slow rotation. Surviving binaries on Trojan orbits would continue to evolve by tides and spin-changing impacts over 4.5 Gyr. To explain the observed fraction of slow rotators, we find that at least ∼15%–20% of outer disk bodies with diameters 15 < D < 50 km would have to form as equal-size binaries with 12 ≲ a
b/R ≲ 30, where a
b is the binary semimajor axis and R = D/2. The mechanism proposed here could also explain very slow rotators found in other small-body populations.
Gamma-Ray Burst Spectrum with a Time-dependent Injection Rate of High-energy Electrons
Authors: Liu Kuan , Lin Da-Bin , Wang Kai , Zhou Li , Wang Xiang-Gao , Liang En-Wei
Published: April 2020

Although the physical origin of prompt emission in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) remains inconclusive, previous studies have considered the synchrotron radiation of relativistic electrons as a promising mechanism. These works usually adopted an invariable injection rate of electrons (Q) which may be discordant with that in a Poynting-flux-dominated jet. In a Poynting-flux-dominated jet (e.g., internal-collision-induced magnetic reconnection and turbulence model), the number of magnetic reconnections occurring simultaneously may grow rapidly with time and result in an increase of Q with time. This paper is dedicated to studying the synchrotron radiation spectrum in this scenario. It is found that the radiation spectrum would obviously get harder if an increasing Q is adopted and a Band-like radiation spectrum can be obtained if the increase of Q is fast enough. The latter is related to the fact that a bump shape rather than a power-law spectrum appears in the low-energy regime of the obtained electron spectrum. This effect can strongly harden the low-energy radiation spectrum. It indicates that an increasing Q can help to alleviate the “fast-cooling problem” of synchrotron radiation for GRBs. Our studies also reveal that a Poynting-flux dominated jet with a large emission radius, a short magnetic reconnection region length, or an injected electron with low minimum energy would prefer to form a Band-like radiation spectrum. We suggest that the Band spectrum found in GRBs may be the synchrotron emission of the electrons with a bump-shape distribution in its low-energy regime.
Two new species of Ardisia subgenus Tetrardisia (Primulaceae-Myrsinoideae) from Borneo
Authors: Julius Avelinah , Kajita Tadashi , Utteridge Timothy M. A.
Published: April 2020

Ardisia argentiana and A. nagaensis from subgenus Tetrardisia are herein described and illustrated as new species. They are endemic to Borneo and the Indonesian province of Central Kalimantan and to the Malaysian state of Sarawak, respectively. Ardisia argentiana is unique in its linear-oblong leaves, with a long, acuminate-caudate apex, and finely serrulate margins, while A. nagaensis can be easily recognized by its elliptic-lanceolate leaves.
Towards gender equality in the labour markets of Canada, USA and Russia: an overview of progress in achievement of international commitments
Authors: Beletskaya Maria Yu. , Zotova Elena A.
Published: April 2020

In 2019, the International Labour Organization (ILO), together with the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), prepared and presented to the G20 leaders a report entitled “Women at work in G20 countries: Progress and policy action”. According to the report, Canada, the United States and Russia show the lowest results among the G20 countries in reaching the goal of reducing the gender gap in labour force participation by 25 percent by 2025. This is largely due to the relatively high levels of gender equality that have already been achieved in these countries. The article analyzes the policy of Canada, the USA and Russia towards women at work in four directions: 1) measures taken by national Governments, in cooperation with social partners, to increase women’s participation in the labour force and to overcome cultural and behavioural barriers to the employment of women; 2) measures to increase women’s ability to earn decent wages, including through lifelong learning, upgrading qualifications and skills development; 3) measures to reduce the proportion of women employed in the informal sector and in low-paid jobs; 4) measures to protect women in labour market in order to encourage men and women to combine work and family and share family responsibilities equitably.
Dramatiser l’histoire avec Michel Foucault : un “irrationalisme esthétisant” ?
Authors: Sforzini Arianna
Published: April 2020

Peut-on utiliser la dimension théâtrale pour penser les généalogies de Michel Foucault ? Quelle est la valeur de vérité d’une histoire qui affirme être une « fiction » et procède par scènes, personnages, « dramatiques de la vérité » ? Pour répondre à ces interrogations, le présent article utilise la notion de théâtre dans un sens anti-représentatif et expérientiel : comme un mouvement toujours recommencé d’action et de transformation. En questionnant les critiques de la méthode foucaldienne formulées par des historiens tels que Carlo Ginzburg et Hayden White, nous montrerons comment Foucault mobilise dans ses textes une pensée-théâtre historique qui joue comme une arme de problématisation ironique des grands mythes de l’histoire elle-même. Le théâtre est pour Foucault un instrument pour mener une réflexion historico-politique sur la vérité en dehors des catégorisations et des moralisations traditionnelles de la philosophie et de la science occidentales. Mais la dramatisation philosophique du discours historique opérée par Foucault ne représente-elle pas alors le risque concret d’un dangereux relativisme intellectuel et politique : l’exemple parfait d’une « rhétorique » de l’histoire, qui sacrifie la vérité à l’efficacité de la parole ?
Pour une éthopoiétique du témoignage
Authors: Galichon Isabelle
Published: April 2020

Nous proposons dans le cadre de cet article de penser à nouveaux frais la notion de témoignage à partir des travaux de Michel Foucault sur les pratiques de soi, en particulier dans les derniers cours au Collège de France. L’analyse du témoignage, dans ce cadre ne relève plus alors uniquement des études littéraires et remet en question la catégorie de « genre littéraire » affectée au témoignage. Il procède davantage d’un processus de subjectivation éthique qu’il s’agit d’appréhender à la lisière de la philosophie et de la littérature. À partir d’un corpus de témoignages rendant compte de l’expérience concentrationnaire, il s’agira de mettre en évidence comment les derniers travaux de Michel Foucault fournissent des éléments pour penser cette notion transversale et déplacent le cadre épistémologique sur un terrain éthopoiétique .
Pediatric Hypertension
Authors: Khan Leah
Published: April 2020

Hypertension is an important and often overlooked problem in the pediatric population. In 2017, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated their guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hypertension. The new guidelines include a refined definition of the blood pressure stages and also a new diagnostic reference table with updated data excluding those with overweight or obesity. It also simplified the diagnostic criteria for adolescents and provided a screening table for easier use in the clinical setting. Along with the simplified diagnostic criteria, the new guidelines stress the importance of accurate blood pressure measurements and the growing importance of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. With these revised guidelines, the diagnosis and management of blood pressure in the pediatric population should be clearer and easier to implement in clinical practice.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2020;49(4):e155–e160.]
The Evolution of Gender Studies and Its Impact on the African Society in the 21st Century
Authors: Kurebwa Jeffrey
Published: April 2020

This study traces the evolution of gender studies from the 1970s to the 21st century. The impact of gender studies to the African society is also covered in greater detail. Gender studies includes a method to appreciate the ideologies, social patterns, and descriptions that shape our world and our lives. It raises questions about how and why a gender divide is created or preserved and also many times resisted or weakened. Gender studies explores the multiple interfaces among race, caste, class, and gender. It investigates traditional disciplines through an interdisciplinary perspective that focuses on the significance of sex as a social construct and the importance of gender and gender roles. It also advances the historical and existing portrayal of both women and men in religion, arts, literature, and many other arenas.
Alternative Approaches to Africa's Development
Authors: Tom Tom
Published: April 2020

Gender is a crosscutting theme in development, hence its topical character in national, regional, and international contexts. Globally, calls, frameworks, and platforms for gender equity and parity are increasing heralding a shift in governance and development theory and practice. Within the ambit of understanding gender in an African context, the chapter considers land reform as an alternative development strategy and interrogates gender issues emanating prior to, during and in the aftermath of the fast-tracked land reform programme. Redistributive land reform, complemented by focused support to the land beneficiaries, is an alternative development and empowerment approach for both men and women, and mostly for the majority of women who have been largely marginalised from mainstream development.
The Quality and Characteristics of Final Substrates from Different Composting Technologies
Authors: Lyčková Barbora , Mudruňka Jaroslav , Kučerová Radmila
Published: April 2020

In industrial composting, a large scale of technological processes and devices is used which, to a certain extent, influence also the quality and characteristics of final substrates. Composts are, on the basis of the existing legislation, compared from the point of view of content of hazardous elements, qualitative characteristics, content and quality of humic substances, their impact on germination capacity and the subsequent growth of plants.
Ladle Slag as an Admixture in Cement Composites
Authors: Papesch Radek , Dvorský Tomáš , Václavík Vojtěch , Svoboda Jakub , Klus Lukáš
Published: April 2020

The research was dealing use of ladle slag and its impact on the physical and mechanical parameters of hardened cement composites. The goal was to find a suitable percentage share of ladle slag used as an admixture. The results of compressive strength tests show the possibility of replacement of a significant amount of cements with a specific secondary product. A decrease in compressive strength of about 8% after 28 days has to be taken into account when using Portland cement CEM I 42.5R and a 10% replacement with ladle slag.
Effect of Various Input Parameters on Compressed Earth Block’s Strength
Authors: Konrád Petr , Gallo Peter , Sovják Radoslav , Pešková Šárka , Valentin Jan
Published: April 2020

In the framework of this study, compressed earth blocks (CEB) were produced using waste materials and various parameters. Material parameters included waste soil, recycled concrete, fly ash, cement, admixtures and water contents. Manufacturing parameters were vibration during manufacturing, confinement pressure, curing environment and curing time. Specimens used in this study were cubes and compressive strength testing was used to evaluate different mixtures and manufacturing methods. In terms of compressive strength, compressed earth blocks made of these materials could be used for manufacturing bricks and other structural elements.
Oxygen-ozone immunoceutical therapy in COVID-19 outbreak: facts and figures
Authors: Ricevuti Giovanni , Franzini Marianno , Valdenassi Luigi
Published: April 2020

The problems related to the approach to the outbreak of COVID-19 in the world require that all possible effective treatment options be explored. The clinical criterion of the researcher is not to refuse a priori, but to verify and evaluate the proposals that are made. Italian Society of Oxygen Ozone Therapy (SIOOT) proposed to the Italian ISS (Italian Institute of Health) to use oxygen ozone therapy (O2O3) in patients with COVID-19. (...)
The Italian Society of Rheumatology clinical practice guidelines for the management of polymyalgia rheumatica
Authors: Ughi N. , Sebastiani G.D. , Gerli R. , Salvarani C. , Parisi S. , Ariani A. , Prevete I. , Manara M. , Rumi F. , Sciré C.A. , Bortoluzzi A.
Published: April 2020

Objective: to provide evidence-based up-to-date recommendations for the management of patients with a definite diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). Methods: A systematic literature review was performed to find the existing clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on PMR and the framework of the Guidelines International Network Adaptation Working Group was used to appraise (AGREE II), synthesize, and customize the recommendations according to the needs of the Italian healthcare context. Rheumatologists on behalf of the Italian Society of Rheumatology (SIR) and from the SIR Epidemiology Unit joined the working group and identified the key health questions on PMR to guide the systematic literature review. Physicians, including general practitioners and specialists, and health professionals who manage PMR in the clinical practice were the target audience. The final recommendations were rated externally by a multi-disciplinary and multi-professional group of stakeholders. Results: From the systematic search in databases (Medline, Embase) and grey literature, 3 CPGs were identified and appraised by two independent raters. Combining the statements and the evidence from these CPGs, 9 recommendations were developed by endorsement or adaptation in response to the initial key health questions. The quality of evidence was graded and the working group discussed the final recommendations in view of their implementation in the Italian healthcare context. Conclusions: In absence of national guidelines so far, these recommendations are the first to provide guidance for the management of patients with a diagnosis of PMR in Italy and they are expected to ensure the best evidence-based clinical practice for this disease.
An evaluation of eThekwini Municipality’s regeneration programmes on littering and dumping
Authors: Govender Nirmala , Reddy Purshottama S.
Published: April 2020

Background: South African cities have been beleaguered with urban deterioration challenges, especially dumping and littering, notwithstanding the regulatory framework and the continuous clean-up programmes undertaken by municipalities. This article identifies the challenges within eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality in addressing littering and dumping, and recommends improvements towards urban regeneration efforts.Objectives: To critically evaluate compliance of legislation and efficacy of the urban regeneration programmes implemented, which addressed littering and dumping within the inner city of eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality.Method: This convergent mixed-method research followed a case study approach and involved the analysis of primary data obtained from a qualitative perspective, including semi-structured interviews and questionnaires; and secondary analysis of quantitative data in the form of documents and reports obtained from the municipality.Results: The article identified that urban degeneration, specifically litter and dumping, occurred as a result of ineffective compliance of regulations and lack of enforcement; outdated service levels, lack of monitoring and evaluation of programmes; lack of education initiatives; ineffective leadership and governance; lack of involvement of citizens and businesses in clean city initiatives; and the negative behavioural patterns of citizens.Conclusion: The key recommendations for municipalities include implementing an integrated strategic plan for urban regeneration within a proactive policy and regulatory environment; monitoring and evaluation of programmes related to urban regeneration; increased resources dedicated to waste management and enforcement; implementing enforcement and consequence management strategies; and stimulating change in the behaviour patterns of citizens, businesses as well as municipality employees.
Évaluation et comparaison de séries de précipitations historiques dans des sous-bassins versants de la Meuse et de la Moselle, 1871-2004
Authors: Delus Claire , Grelier Benjamin , François Didier , Drogue Gilles , Vidal Jean-Philippe , Caillouet Laurie , Devers Alexandre , Sauquet Eric , Lauvernet Claire
Published: April 2020

La compréhension de l’évolution actuelle du climat et des risques naturels qui lui sont associés passe par une meilleure connaissance de la variabilité climatique passée. Des méthodes de reconstruction existent mais leurs validités sont difficiles à établir notamment en l’absence de valeurs de référence sur les périodes anciennes. Ce travail s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche sur les extrêmes hydrologiques de la Moselle (RECRET) pour lequel des reconstitutions de longues séries climatiques (précipitations et températures) ont été réalisées. Pour permettre une évaluation relative de ces séries, nous proposons de comparer les séries de précipitations mensuelles à des reconstructions climatiques issues de différents travaux. La comparaison repose sur cinq méthodes : RECRET (Deluset al., 2018), une méthode fondée sur le Gradient Régional de Pression (Grelieret al., 2017), SCOPE Climate (Caillouetet al., 2019), FYRE Daily (Deverset al., 2019) et SAFRAN (Vidalet al., 2010). L'étude se concentre sur la cohérence entre les estimations de précipitations issues de ces différentes méthodes. Les séries RECRET et FYRE Daily présentent des résultats convergents et proches de SAFRAN.
Does Person-Organization Fit (P-O Fit) Mediate the Relationship Between Employee Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention: The Case of Insurance Agents in Malaysia
Authors: Dousin Oscar , Toh Pei Sung , Bahron Arsiah , Rahim Iklima Husna Abdul
Published: April 2020

Turnover intention is becoming a critical issue in most organization. Employees’ are leaving their job due to an alternative job offer with an attractive salary and employment benefits, supportive supervisors and a better work environment. The study examines the relationship between job satisfaction on employee turnover intention as well as the mediating effect of person-organization (P-O) fit among insurance agents in Malaysia. The study adopts a quantitative research methodology by surveying 184 insurance agents in Sabah, Malaysia in 2019. Four hypotheses were tested with validated measures of job satisfaction (pay, supervision and communication), turnover intention and person-organization fit. The study revealed that job satisfaction (pay and supervision) has a significant and negative impact to turnover intention. In addition, job satisfaction (communication in organization) has a significant and positive impact to turnover intention. However, person-organization fit found to be not significantly mediates the relationship. The study suggested that organizations should acknowledge the importance of pay, supervision and communication in organization to improving employees’ motivation and retention in organization. The three elements of job satisfaction could improve and promote harmonious and positive work environment.
On the Construction of Approximate Solutions for the 1D Pollutant Transport Model
Authors: ZONGO Yacouba , ROAMBA Brahima , YIRA Boulaye
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this paper is to build sequences of suitably smooth approximate solutions to the 1D pollutant transport model that preserve the mathematical structure discovered in (Roamba, Zabsonré, Zongo, 2017). The stability arguments in this paper then apply to such sequences of approximate solutions, which leads to the global existence of weak solutions for this model. We show that when the Reynold number goes to infinity, we have always an existence of global weak solutions result for the corresponding model.
WHEN LACK OF SLEEP TAKES ITS TOLL ON COMMUNICATION: AN ASSESSMENT OF PRAGMATIC ABILITIES IN TWO CHILDREN FOLLOWING SLEEP DEPRIVATION
Authors: Chatzopoulos Georgios , Kouki Evgenia-Peristera , Evangeliou Athanasios , Malegiannaki Amaryllis C. , Loutrari Ariadne , Díaz–Martínez Félix , Tsakpounidou Kalliopi , Proios Hariklia
Published: April 2020

Sleep deprivation affects numerous cognitive processes. Children populations have not been studied thoroughly, with regard to the effect of sleep deprivation on communication abilities. In this study, we investigate the pragmatic competence following acute sleep deprivation.

Two eleven-year-old boys were evaluated on their pragmatic ability before and following sleep deprivation. The conversations were video-recorded, transcribed and analyzed using the CHAT conventions. The Pragmatic Evaluation Protocol Revised (PREP-R) was administered for the investigation of pragmatic ability.

Both children demonstrated a significantly lower performance following acute sleep deprivation. Their specific pragmatic ability and grammatically-based pragmatic ability were impaired. The subjects were unable to use lexical, morphological and syntactic cohesion, and encountered difficulties in the interaction and the managing of pauses.

Acute sleep deprivation affects pragmatic competence, mainly due to difficulties in alertness, attention, working memory, and executive dysfunction in general. Variability in the pragmatic ability of the two subjects implies that more studies, focused on the cognitive deficits after sleep deprivation can cast more light on the evaluation of pragmatic ability.
PEDAGOGICAL AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PRISONER CREATIVITY
Authors: Gajewski Mariusz
Published: April 2020

Detention in a prison is the isolation of an individual from society, placing him in an isolated space, where the punishment is not only the lack of contact with family or loved ones, but also being with other - often not easy in coexistence - prisoners. The reduced level of external stimuli makes internal life (experiences, emotions) a priority. Undertaking any creative activity reduces a prisoner’s concentration on the matter of isolation and any health problems and issues: real or imaginary. This process counteracts chaos and contributes to a gradual stabilization of the emotional system. Creative activity, by strengthening emotional stability, helps the regaining of balance and influences the prisoner’s adaptation to the life situation in which he finds himself. The initiation of creative activity by prisoners promotes the reintegration of the individual and social (here including cultural) self.

The first part of this article will explain why introducing the arts is not only desirable, but natural given the setting, and inmates’ propensity for creative expression. The next part will present the examples of unstructured and structured programs developed for the creative revalidation of prisoners. Studies have revealed that undertaking creative activity on the part of prisoners plays an important role in the proces of revalidation. At the same time, analysis of works of art produced by prisoners gives an insight into the neuropsychological mechanisms of creation and provides important information for planning therapeutic programs.
Migration as a Threat to International Security
Authors: Szkurłat Izabela
Published: April 2020

The article presents migration as a threat to international security in the 21st century. The first part presents the problem of people migrating to Europe, including third-country nationals. It is shown that uncontrolled mass migration has forced European countries to provide budget, shelter and counselling for migrants. Furthermore, there were many cases when migration met with disapproval of indigenous people and fear of the impossibility of integrating different cultures and customs. European Union has introduced financial tools to support member countries in financing migration-related problems including the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund; and the Internal Security Fund. The article also mentions the European immigration policy adopted in 1999. The second part of the article refers to negative effects of migration: trafficking in human beings and forced labour. It is shown that they are widely practiced. To eliminate illegal activities, actions, which the author describes, are being taken within Europe. Polish people have also experienced trafficking in human beings and forced labour abroad. Such crimes have been reported within Poland as well. Finally the author states that the security of the European Union is threatened not only by external migrants, but also by citizens who migrate internally.
Strengthening Haussmannian and Ski Resorts Hotels Wall Openings with Steel Beams and Steel Portal Frames
Authors: Silva Cardoso Rui
Published: April 2020

Existing structures must be adapted to comply with current standards or for space efficiency requirements. This adaptation may include the need to create openings in existing walls. In load bearing walls, the loading path is locally altered and the new path needs to be strengthened. In this paper, a strengthening practice technique based on the introduction of steel beams and steel portal frames and currently applied in Haussmannian buildings and French Alps Ski resort hotels is described. This technique is widely used and applied to walls with different materials and thicknesses or different openings geometry and for a high variety of loadings, presenting acceptable results along time. The knowledge presented in this work is intended to give guidance to numerical and experimental research related to opening strengthening, to strengthening guidelines definition and at the same time to support and encourage the development of innovating wall openings strengthening techniques.
Schwann Cell Plasticity in Peripheral Nerve Regeneration after Injury
Authors: Manole Emilia , Eugenia Bastian Alexandra , Maria Oproiu Ana , Teodora Neagu Monica , Constantin Carolina , Isvoranu Gheorghita
Published: April 2020

In the normal peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells (SCs) are present in two different states of differentiation: myelinating SCs that surround large-caliber axons, forming myelin sheath, and non-myelinating SCs that surround more small-caliber axons forming Remak bundles. Under pathological conditions (injury or inflammation), SCs, with a remarkable plasticity, undergo phenotypic transformations, downregulating the production of myelin proteins mRNAs, upregulating neurotrophic factors and cytokines, thus promoting the axonal regeneration. Dedifferentiated SCs activate the protein degradation, participating in the demyelination process and clearance of myelin debris; attract macrophages helping wound healing; proliferate to replace lost cells; guide axonal growth; and protect against secondary axonal damage. Thus, SC functions have a critical contribution to regeneration processes that occur in peripheral nerve after injury.
Up to speed: Library staff and first-generation students get together
Authors: Barbrow Sarah , Lubkowski Carol , Ludovissy Sara B. , Moazeni Sarah , Storz Karen
Published: April 2020

Developing campus-wide programs to foster equity, diversity, and inclusion continues to be an ongoing priority for many colleges and universities across the country. Academic libraries are well positioned to support this work because they are embedded in so many of the functions of their institutions. Moreover, academic library staff have been writing about and practicing critical information literacy and intersectional feminist pedagogy in service of creating spaces in which all patrons can learn and grow. For example, the Oberlin Group, of which Wellesley College is a member, has collaboratively drafted a guide specifically for aggregating resources that promote equity, diversity, and inclusion in libraries.
“In a different light”: Librarians as undergraduate student advisors
Authors: Twait Michelle , Hulseberg Anna
Published: April 2020

I was accepted into the Nursing program, and I’m excited to declare my major!” “I’m considering dropping my biology class.” “I’m working so many hours that I barely have time to study.” “This time of the semester is always difficult for me because it’s the anniversary of. . . .”
Big data gets big help: Law and policy literacies for text data mining
Authors: Courtney Kyle , Samberg Rachael , Vollmer Timothy
Published: April 2020

A wealth of digital texts and the proliferation of automated research methodologies enable researchers to analyze large sets of data at a speed that would be impossible to achieve through manual review. When researchers use these automated techniques and methods for identifying, extracting, and analyzing patterns, trends, and relationships across large volumes of un- or thinly structured digital content, they are applying a methodology called text data mining or TDM. TDM is also referred to, with slightly different emphases, as “computational text analysis” or “content mining.”
ACRL Board of Directors’ actions, January 2020: Highlights of the Board’s Midwinter meetings
Authors: Of College and Research Libraries Association
Published: April 2020

In light of ALA’s plan to to discontinue its Midwinter Meeting and provide less space for governance meetings, the ACRL Board elected to take a hybrid approach to its governance and leadership meetings in January. The Board held a virtual update session on January 15, convened ACRL’s Leadership Council virtually on January 16, and held three face-to-face meetings during the 2020 ALA Midwinter Meeting in Philadelphia, on January 25 and January 26.
Washington Hotline
Authors: Kromer Kathi
Published: April 2020

ALA advocates for library support in federal COVID-19 relief spendingALA is working around the clock to make sure Congress knows how to support libraries as the immediate impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic come to light. We are also making sure they know libraries are poised to lead communities in their recovery in the coming months and that libraries are ideal locations for the distribution of community relief resources, materials, and information.
Shock Measurements Based on Pendulum Excitation and Laser Doppler
Velocimetry: Primary Calibration by SI-Traceable Distance
Measurements
Authors: Afridi Muhammad Y. , Geist Jon , Gaitan Michael
Published: April 2020

A new method is described to provide a primary calibration of shock measurements
produced by a shock measurement system consisting of pendulum excitation and laser
Doppler velocimetry. The method uses the laser Doppler velocimeter to determine the
total distance traveled by a rigid block that slides along a Teflon (fluorocarbon)
channel after being struck by a pendulum head, and the resulting distance is compared to
the distance measured by an SI-traceable length measurement. The instantaneous velocity
of the block is measured by the velocimeter and is used to calculate the displacement of
the block by integrating the velocity data. The result is compared to the displacement
measured using calibrated rulers and calipers. The method was applied to an
independently calibrated commercial velocimeter for impact accelerations ranging from
2000 to 30,000 m/s2. The results of the independent mechanical-displacement measurements
agreed with those from the commercial velocimeter to within ±0.3 %, with better
agreement above accelerations of order 10,000 m/s2 to within ±0.1 %. A conservative,
upper-bound, uncertainty analysis included the effects of noise and other random errors,
as well as type B estimates for systematic errors from occasional momentary demodulation
failures (dropouts), use of a different number of rulers before and after shock distance
measurement, and the relative frequency response of the velocimeter.
Advanced Temperature-Control Chamber for Resistance
Standards
Authors: Payagala Shamith U. , Panna Alireza R. , Rigosi Albert F. , Jarrett Dean G.
Published: April 2020

Calibration services for resistance metrology have continued to advance their
capabilities and establish new and improved methods for maintaining standard resistors.
Despite the high quality of these methods, there still exist inherent limitations to the
number of simultaneous, measurable resistors and the temperature stability of their air
environment. In that context, we report progress on the design, development, and initial
testing of a precise temperature-control chamber for standard resistors that can provide
a constant-temperature environment with a stability of ± 6 m°C. Achieving this stability
involved customizing the chamber design based on air-flow simulations. Moreover,
microprocessor programming allowed the air flow to be optimized within an unsealed
chamber configuration to reduce chamber temperature recovery times. Further tests were
conducted to improve the stability of the control system and the efficiency of the
chamber.
Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type 2C: Case Report
Authors: Radi A. , Bakkali Ouajid el. , Kmari M. , Ourrai A. , Hassani A. , Abilkassem R. , Agadr A.
Published: April 2020

Limb-Girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) is a group of inherited disorders that lead to muscle weakness and skeletal muscle wasting involving the muscles around the hips and shoulders. This can cause a gait disturbance, difficulty running or even a complete loss of the ability to walk. The appearance of the disorder, the course and the muscles affected are variable between the different subtypes of the disease. Typically, patients with type 2C Limb-Girdle dystrophy (LGMD2C) start having symptoms early in infancy and lose their ability to walk around the age of 12. Others have less symptomatology and have late expression in adulthood. This disorder can affect the heart muscle in some patients. They can also have osteoarticular and vertebral deformations. The prognosis depends on the muscles often affected by respiratory failure.LGMD2C is caused by a pathogenic mutation in the SGCG gene. We report the case of a 13-year-old child, with a notion of femoral fracture at the age of 5 years and first degree consanguinity in the parents, no similar case in the family, and who presents since 3 years difficulty walking Clinical examination: walking, positive sign of Gowers, scapula alta, enlarged calves. On the biological level: CPK 6380, LDH 482, PAL 219, ASAT 68, ALAT 103. The electromyogram shows a slowing of the motor conduction speed of the external popliteal sciatic nerve with a slight loss of amplitude. Muscle biopsy objective a discreet dystrophic formula with a total absence of expression of gamma sarcoglycans and proteins of the muscle membrane. Gamma glycanopathy is genetically confirmed by the mutation of the δ-SG gene. A cardiac ultrasound was without abnormality.
Studies on Non-preference Mechanism and Biochemical Aspects of Resistance to BPH Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) on Resistant Rice Genotypes
Authors: Udayasree M. , Rajanikanth P. , Varma N. R. G. , Sreedhar M.
Published: April 2020

Aims: To conduct studies on non-preference mechanism and biochemical aspects of resistance to BPH on resistant rice genotype.

Study Design: Completely Randomized Design.

Place and Duration of Study: Poly-house, Department of Entomology, Rice Research Centre, Agriculture Research Institute (ARI), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India, between June 2017 and May 2018.

Methodology: The selected rice entries were selected including PTB33 (resistant check) and TN1 (susceptible check), this was replicated thrice. After 30 days, about hundred first instar nymphs were released in the pots. The number of nymphs settled on each entry was counted from randomly selected 10 hills at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after release. Number of probing marks made by a day old single female insect during 24 hours of its feeding was recorded on all the selected entries along with resistant and susceptible rice cultures. Estimation of total phenols, total sugars and proteins was done for selected rice genotypes.

Results: Among all the test cultures, KNM 2305, KNM 2307, JGL 24423 and Sabita recorded lowest number of nymphal settlement. Biochemical aspects of resistance like total phenols, total sugars and protein content in selected rice genotypes was done. The amount of total phenol was observed to be maximum in the leaf sheath of moderately resistant JGL 24423 (2.70 mg/g). The amount of total sugars was lowest in RNR 26111 (0.33 mg/ g), RNR 21571(0.86 mg/g) followed by JGL 24423 (1.40 mg/g) and highest in susceptible check TN-1 (2.97 mg/g). Least amount of protein was observed in JGL 24423 (0.76 mg/g) followed by IET 23993 (1.43 mg/g).
When seeing what's wrong makes you right: The effect of erroneous examples on 3D diagram learning
Authors: Jaeger Allison J. , Marzano Joanna A. , Shipley Thomas F.
Published: April 2020

Comprehending 3D diagrams is critical for success in scientific practice and research demonstrates that understanding of 3D geology diagrams can be improved by making predictive sketches. In mathematics, explaining erroneous examples can support learning. This study combined these approaches to better understand how to effectively support 3D geologic diagram understanding. Participants generated sketches, explained erroneous example sketches, or copied and explained correct sketches. It was hypothesized that generating sketches or explaining erroneous cases would improve understanding, but an open question was whether these conditions would differ from each other. Explaining erroneous examples and sketching improved understanding whereas explaining correct sketches did not. Further, explaining erroneous examples was a more efficient strategy than sketching. These results indicate that erroneous examples can be effective for supporting 3D diagram comprehension and may be a practical substitute for some traditional sketching activities in the context of real classrooms where class time is limited.
Substantial death rates post‐overdose reinforce call for rapid intervention
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: April 2020

Having worked for two decades in emergency medicine, Scott Weiner, M.D., M.P.H., has seen the stark contrast with which the system treats overdose victims and others who present for lifesaving care. A typical overdose patient may get stabilized, sent to the clinic hallway, and left to leave almost at will, often with no information about follow‐up care. For the stroke victim or trauma survivor, however, “We have whole teams at the ready,” Weiner told ADAW.
NASADAD requests $250 million for Phase 4 stimulus
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: April 2020

If there will be a Phase 4, as Rep. Nancy Pelosi (D‐California) has promised, of stimulus money to help America cope with the fallout from COVID‐19, the substance use disorder (SUD) treatment field hopes to get some of it this time. Publicly funded SUD treatment and prevention got nothing — nothing — from the $2 trillion CARES Act passed at the end of March (see “In case you haven't heard,” ADAW, April 3, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adaw.32684).
NAATP on telemedicine and a ‘disease of isolation’
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: April 2020

Because of COVID‐19 social distancing, many people are unable to go to in‐person recovery support meetings, or to treatment. There's not a lot of evidence about telemedicine and substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, because telemedicine is so recent, said Chelsey Cusimano, executive administrator of the National Association of Addiction Treatment Providers (NAATP). But it is all people have now.
A comparison of factor‐analytic and equal diagonal factor‐analytic models in multi‐location trials analyses
Authors: Hu Xiyuan , Han Dejun , Zhang Renhe , Wu Jianhui , Ren Huili
Published: April 2020

The two most promising models for analyzing multi‐location trials (MLT) include the factor‐analytic (FA) and equal diagonal factor‐analytic (FA1) models. Here, we compare the two models by analyzing four datasets performed for the corn (Zea mays L.) performance trails in Northeastern and Northern China. The FA model contained more parameters for the variance–covariance of variety effects than the FA1 model. In data fitting, the effective (parameter value estimated >0) parameter number difference between the two models was not as large as in theory and was reduced with an increasing number of factors. In goodness‐of‐fit for trial data, the two models were competitive based on both the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and the likelihood‐ratio test (LRT). There were no notable differences between the two models in the estimates, rankings, standard errors of estimates, test efficiencies of contrasts for variety main (mean over all locations) effects, and discrimination power for varieties. The FA models were superior to FA1 models in the standard error of estimates and test efficiency of contrasts for variety simple effects. Therefore, the FA model was suggested for the analysis of MLTs. A general recommendation for the selection of either the FA or FA1 models using AIC or LRT cannot be made from this analysis.