bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teoría de seres humanos unitarios en el cuidado de la administración de medicamentos
Authors: Tovar-Riveros Blanca Elpidia , Mena-Flórez Omar Francisco , Molano-Oviedo Johan Daniel
Published: February 2021

La administración de medicamentos es uno de los pilares fundamentales en la gestión del cuidado de la enfermería, de ahí la importancia y responsabilidad de su manejo con personas que estén recibiendo fármacos especializados por su condición aguda o crítica. Objetivo: Construir un instrumento de valoración con los principios homeodinámicos y el concepto de pandimensionalidad de la teoría de seres humanos unitarios, para la administración de medicamentos especializados, como inotrópicos y vasopresores en servicios de UCI y urgencias. Materiales y métodos: es una investigación cualitativa con enfoque descriptivo, para conocer la realidad del sujeto de cuidado desde la premisa sobre la relación de la administración de medicamentos y los principios de la teoría de Seres Humanos Unitarios.  Resultados: se construyó  un instrumento de valoración desde la perspectiva de la teoría de Rogers. La misma permite al profesional de enfermería evaluar y generar propuestas de cuidado guiadas al equilibrio armónico de los campos de energía, según propone esta teórica  en relación con la administración de medicamentos. También le facilita al estudiante el identificar las alteraciones de los principios de la  teoría en relación a los efectos de los medicamentos. Conclusiones: el instrumento permite contemplar los principios homeodinámicos y la pandimensionalidad; además,  facilita los procesos de cuidado en la administración de medicamentos, que en ocasiones por diferentes causas no se evalúa la respuesta del sujeto de cuidado ante un medicamento, retrasando su evolución ante la enfermedad.
Enfermería, pandemia y fatiga por compasión: una reflexión general sobre el 2020
Authors: Cáceres-Rivera Diana Isabel
Published: February 2021

La actual pandemia por COVID-19 ha significado para los profesionales de la enfermería un escenario en el que se ha hecho evidente el impacto que el ejercicio profesional puede tener sobre su calidad de vida. Justo cuando el 2020 fue escogido por la Organización Mundial de Salud como el año de la enfermería, se ha evidenciado un panorama poco favorecedor para el ejercicio del cuidado, en el que no sólo se han visto afectados pacientes, familias, sistemas de salud, sino también los propios profesionales que prestan atención a pacientes diagnosticados con el nuevo virus.  En el presente artículo de reflexión se realizó un análisis de uno de los efectos de las condiciones actuales de trabajo de los profesionales de enfermería: la fatiga por compasión, la cual constituye una afectación de la calidad de vida; también se presentan las recomendaciones actuales disponibles, para hacer frente a este fenómeno en Colombia
Impactos sociales de las medidas de cuarentena y poscuarentena por COVID-19 en contextos de inequidad
Authors: Urrea-Arroyave Natalia , Cañon-Montañez Wilson
Published: February 2021

En la historia evolutiva de la especie humana, se han datado diversas luchas por obtener salud en medio de guerras con enfermedades o pandemias que han diezmado la población y que, con el trabajo colaborativo de los profesionales de la salud, estas enfermedades se han controlado, prolongando la expectativa de vida (1). La lucha por tener un mejor y más saludable estilo de vida, que permita ampliar la expectativa de vida, ha venido incrementando en los últimos años; en la actualidad, vemos cómo surgen nuevas tendencias deportivas (2), de alimentación, meditación y espiritualidad que se han convertido en prácticas sociales que pretenden mejorar la salud fisica y mental para estar saludable (3).
O ESTATUTO E AS CRENÇAS DE ESTUDANTES DO PEC-G EM RELAÇÃO À LINGUA PORTUGUESA: “O PORTUGUÊS É MUITO IMPORTANTE”
Authors: Tavares de Sousa Socorro Cláudia , Moreira e Silva Maria Erotildes
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo investigar o estatuto e as crenças relacionadas à língua portuguesa de participantes do Programa de Estudantes do Convênio de Graduação (PEC-G), provenientes de quatro países que têm como língua oficial o português - Cabo Verde, Guiné-Bissau, São Tomé e Príncipe e Timor-Leste. Para isso, utilizamos o corpus do Projeto Variação e Processamento da Fala e do Discurso: análises e aplicações (PROFALA) e enfocamos a resposta do questionário relacionada à importância da língua portuguesa para esses colaboradores. Como suporte teórico do trabalho, adotamos a noção multidimensional de política linguística de Spolsky (2004, 2009, 2012). Na análise qualitativa dos dados, evidenciamos que o português é valorado positivamente pelos estudantes por ser a língua oficial; por se constituir como um elo de integração e  instrumento de comunicação entre os diferentes grupos em seus países de origem e entre os países de língua oficial portuguesa; por ser língua de trabalho em seus respectivos países; e por se constituir como língua materna de alguns colaboradores.
O CORPO EM EXPOSIÇÃO: ANÁLISE SEMIÓTICA DO PADRÃO DE BELEZA FEMININA NA PROVA ORAL DO CELPE-BRAS
Authors: Fulaneti Oriana de Nadai , Késsia de Carvalho Pereira Jessye
Published: February 2021

Com a ascensão da língua portuguesa e aumento considerável de estrangeiros no Brasil, foi criado em 1998 o Certificado de Proficiência em Língua Portuguesa (Celpe-bras), o único certificado reconhecido oficialmente pelo governo brasileiro que atesta a proficiência em Língua Portuguesa para Estrangeiros (PLE). Com aplicação no Brasil e mais 36 países, o exame é feito em duas partes, uma escrita e outra oral. Nosso estudo é pautado na seção oral, que consiste em uma entrevista de interação face a face entre um examinando e dois avaliadores a partir de três Elementos Provocadores, materiais constituídos de textos verbovisuais que abordam tópicos do cotidiano de interesse geral. Dentre esses temas encontram-se discussões sobre a mulher, sendo a maioria delas envolvendo a questão da beleza. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é depreender a imagem de beleza feminina presente nos elementos provocadores do Celpe-Bras, ou seja, verificar qual o discurso sobre a beleza feminina veiculado por um exame brasileiro feito para estrangeiros de todo o mundo. Para tanto, foram estudados os onze elementos provocadores que abordam o tema e selecionados dois mais representativos para a análise. A fundamentação teórico-metodológica adotada é a Semiótica Francesa de perspectiva greimasiana (Greimas, 1975;  s.d), com as contribuições dos desdobramentos da semiótica plástica e sincrética, sobretudo de Floch (1983; 1985; 2002) e Teixeira (2004; 2009). Para o maior aprofundamento da análise, valemo-nos também de estudos de Beuavoir (2019) e Wolf (2017) sobre mulher e beleza. Como resultados, verifica-se, comparando as primeiras edições e as mais recentes, um deslocamento discursivo na concepção de beleza do Celpe-Bras.
PERSPECTIVA DIALÓGICA NO LIVRO DIDÁTICO DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA: UM ESTUDO DISCURSIVO
Authors: De Santana Wilder Kleber Fernandes , Da Silva Júnior Silvio Nunes , Farias Francelino Pedro
Published: February 2021

Este estudo objetivou analisar uma proposta de atividade didática de Língua Portuguesa em perspectiva dialógica, observando como ela pode contribuir na construção de sentidos plurais do enunciado, de modo a constituir a formação do aluno leitor e produtor de textos. Assim, recorremos às contribuições de Bakhtin (2006 [1979]; 2010 [1930-34]), Medviédev (2016 [1928]) e Volóchinov (2017 [1929]) para subsidiarem a pesquisa. A abordagem dialógica tem demonstrado que há diversas possibilidades de análise das manifestações de linguagem, e que os diversos enunciados podem ser compreendidos em perspectiva discursiva. Nesse sentido, delimitamos como lócus do estudo a unidade três do livro didático Português contemporâneo – diálogo, reflexão e uso, para efetivação das análises, por meio da perspectiva dialógica do discurso. Nessa direcionalidade, o manuscrito está estruturado em três seções: Abordagem dialógica do discurso; Axiologia e o ensino de Língua Portuguesa; e Trilhando caminhos concretos: análise dialógico-axiológica de enunciados. Os resultados apontaram para o fato de que as práticas analíticas de linguagem sob horizonte dos estudos dialógicos potencializam estratégias autorais na formulação de enunciados, na medida em que instigam os sujeitos estudantes a assumirem postura crítica diante do texto, avaliando seus aspectos linguísticos e socio-histórico-ideológicos.
LETRAMENTO VISUAL AOS SUJEITOS DIGITAIS: APLICAÇÃO DO MÉTODO DEEP VIEWING NO ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM DA LÍNGUA INGLESA
Authors: Ana Patrícia Cavalcanti Queiroz
Published: February 2021

RESUMO: O principal objetivo deste artigo é descrever os benefícios da aplicação de recursos visuais no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da língua inglesa não apenas para o desenvolvimento linguístico dos nossos alunos, mas também o desenvolvimento, por meio do Letramento Visual, da criticidade, da capacidade de comunicação e expressão, tomando consciência do ambiente ao seu redor, dos diferentes pontos de vista, dos seus papéis enquanto cidadãos e humanos. Para tanto, abordamos as características do nativo/sujeito digital e sua tendência ao estilo de aprendizagem visual, bem como o uso de recursos visuais no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da língua inglesa aos sujeitos digitais, o Letramento Visual e o método Deep Viewing. Por fim, descrevemos duas experiências com a atividade criada pela professora-pesquisa, chamada Your opinion is important, e apresentamos os resultados de sua aplicação. Com base nos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o Letramento Visual é tão importante quanto o Letramento de Escrita e Leitura e que ele precisa e deveria ser ensinado em nossas escolas.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sujeitos digitais. Recursos visuais. Letramento Visual. Deep Viewing.
Impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch on late outcomes after bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement for mitral regurgitation
Authors: Kitada Yuichiro , Arakawa Mamoru , Okamura Homare , Akiyoshi Kei , Hori Daijiro , Kimura Naoyuki , Yamaguchi Atsushi
Published: February 2021

Background and Aim of the Study: Negative impact of prosthesis-patient
mismatch (PPM) on long term survival after valve replacement has been
reported. However, the effect of PPM after bioprosthetic mitral valve
replacement (MVR) has not yet been well examined. The purpose of this
study was to investigate the effect of PPM on late outcomes after
bioprosthetic MVR for mitral regurgitation (MR). Methods: A total of 181
patients underwent bioprosthetic MVR between April 2008 and December
2016. After excluding patients with mitral stenosis and those with
incomplete data, 128 patients were included in the study. Postoperative
transthoracic echocardiography was performed for all patients and the
effective orifice area (EOA) was calculated using the pressure half-time
method. The effective orifice area index (EOAI) was calculated by the
formula: EOA/body surface area (BSA). PPM was defined as a postoperative
EOAI ≤ 1.2 cm2/m2. The characteristics and outcomes were compared
between the groups. Results: There were 34 patients (26.6%) with PPM
and 94 patients (73.4%) without PPM. Although proportion of males and
BSA were higher in the PPM group, valve size distributions were similar
between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the
in-hospital mortality and morbidities. Multivariable analysis showed
that PPM was an independent predictor of late mortality (hazard ratio
[HR] 3.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.69-6.75; p = .001)
and death from heart failure (HR 31.03, 95% CI 4.49-214.40, p
< .001). Conclusions: PPM after MVR for MR was associated with
long-term mortality and death from heart failure.
PHTHALATES RELEASED AFTER ERYTHROCYTE SUSPENSION: DO THEY POSE A RISK?
Authors: Gonullu Edip , Bilvanisi Sevdegul , Tasdogen Aydın , Gonullu Hayriye , Erkin Yüksel , Kume Tuncay , Aykaç Mehmet Coşkun
Published: February 2021

It is commonly known that stored blood and blood products are heated
before transfusion in order to prevent hypothermia, which leads to
increased di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate content leaching into the blood
and blood products and thereby causes greater conversion of
di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate to mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. However,
there has been no study in the literature reporting on the amount of
toxic phthalates in blood following the erythrocyte suspension
transfused via warming. In this study, we aimed to investigate the
di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate content in
blood following the ES transfusions administered by di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate -containing and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate -free infusion
sets. The study included 30 patients that were randomly divided into 2
groups with 15 patients each: group I underwent erythrocyte suspension
transfusion via di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate -containing infusion sets
warmed with blood-fluid warmers and group II underwent erythrocyte
suspension transfusion via di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-free infusion
sets warmed with blood-fluid warmers. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and
mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate levels were measured both before and after
transfusion. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-free infusion sets led to no
increase in the phthalate content, whereas di-(2-ethylhexyl)
phthalate-containing infusion sets significantly increased the
di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate levels,
where the di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate level increased almost four times
(p=0.001). Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-containing products lead to
toxicity. Therefore, using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-free products may
prevent toxicity in patients undergoing erythrocyte suspension
transfusion.
Control of the size and compositional distributions in a milling process by using a reverse breakage matrix approach
Authors: Bojanic Nemanja , Fistes Aleksandar , Dosenovic Tatjana , Takaci Aleksandar , Brdar Mirjana , Yoneda Kiyoshi , Rakic Dusan
Published: February 2021

A method based on the reverse breakage matrix approach is proposed for controlling the effects that milling has on the particle size distribution and composition of the comminuted material. Applicability, possibilities, and limitations of the proposed method are tested on examples related to the process of wheat flour milling. It has been shown that the reverse matrix approach can be successfully used for defining the particle size distribution of the input material leading to the desired, predetermined particle size and compositional distribution in the output material. Moreover, we have illustrated that it is possible to simultaneously control both, input and output particle size distribution, together with the composition of the output material.
Biased Actuarial Assumptions and SFAS 132R: The Not-for-Profit Response
Authors: Gupta Anubhav , Calabrese Thad D.
Published: February 2021

In 2003, the FASB issued an accounting standard (132R) requiring defined-benefit pension plan sponsors to disclose in the notes the asset allocations of their sponsored pension plans. A motivation for this requirement was to help users evaluate a plan's expected rate of return (ERR) assumption which is supposed to be determined by the allocation of plan assets to risky investments. All else being equal, the higher the assumption, the lower the pension expense and the higher the reported profits of plan sponsors. We hypothesize that not-for-profits used the ERR to inflate their earnings by reducing pension expenses. Using a dataset of audited financial statements and a difference-in-differences design, we find that not-for-profits significantly decreased their ERRs post-SFAS 132R. The results suggest that opportunistic actuarial assumptions by not-for-profits were reduced following the implementation of SFAS 132R.

JEL Classifications: J32; L31; L38; M41.
Credit Information Sharing and Loan Loss Recognition
Authors: Balakrishnan Karthik , Ertan Aytekin
Published: February 2021

Does enhancing banks' information sets and understanding of credit risks improve loan loss recognition? We study this question using a global dataset of staggered initiations and coverage increases of public credit registries (PCRs). Mandated by national regulators, PCRs collect borrower and loan information from lenders and share it with the banks in the financial system. This setting represents a significant improvement in banks' assessment of loss events. We find that PCR initiations and coverage reforms enhance the timeliness of banks' loan loss recognition—the extent to which loan loss provisions capture subsequent nonperforming loans. The effects are greater when PCRs distribute more information and are not driven by changes in borrower quality or supervisory stringency. Overall, these inferences are consistent with improvements in banks' information sets leading to better provisioning decisions.

JEL Classifications: D82; G21; G28; G32; M41.
Entity Structure and Taxes: An Analysis of Embedded Pass-Through Entities
Authors: Agarwal Ashish , Chen Shannon , Mills Lillian F.
Published: February 2021

We examine the effect of pass-through entities embedded in corporate structures on tax avoidance, tax uncertainty, and tax noncompliance using unique, confidential tax return data that link corporations and pass-through entities together through Schedules K-1. We develop measures of the use of pass-through entities such as the number and “connectedness” of pass-throughs within the structure, the presence of loss pass-throughs or asymmetric allocations of such losses, and connections to entities external to the firm. We predict and find that these features are associated with lower effective tax rates, higher current-year additions to tax reserves, and larger amounts of proposed IRS audit adjustments, controlling for probability of audit selection. This large-sample evidence could help the IRS understand how pass-throughs affect compliance and financial statements users anticipate the tax effects related to entity structure.

JEL Classifications: H20; H26; L22; M41.
PRINCIPLES OF BUILDING SELF-ORGANIZING INFORMATION AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Authors: SUKONSCHIKOV ALEXEY A. , SHVETSOV ANATOLY N. , ANDRIANOV IGOR A. , KOCHKIN DMITRIY V.
Published: February 2021

The article discusses the basic foundations of the functioning and evolution of complex distributed information and telecommunication systems (ITS) in the neuro-fuzzy agent-based paradigm. The formalization principles for such systemsareproposed:goal structuring, agent orientation, hierarchical intellectual organization, modularity of intelligent agents, structural and functional flexibility of intelligent agents, single mathematical apparatus, self-development and system evolution.The concept of a distributed intelligent ITS as a geographically distributed multi-level hierarchical set of hardware and software controlled by agent-based systems is introduced.
IDENTIFICATION MODEL OF STEEL-TEEMING LADLES IN STEELMAKING
Authors: TROFIMENKO YAROSLAV M. , ERSHOV EVGENIY V.
Published: February 2021

A model for detecting objects in the image and a model for identifying steel-teeming ladles are discussed in the article. The object detection model is based on the use of a convolutional neural network. The identification model is based on the comparison of steel-teeming ladle features specific to the production process. The authors describe the adaptations of models to the conditions of the YOLOv3 architecture and the parameters of steel-teeming ladles in steel production. Simulation results are given at the end of the article.
Studi Deskriptif Preferensi Pemilihan Pasangan Hidup Antara Pria Dan Wanita Pada Dewasa Awal
Authors: Ratnani Indah Puji , Mukhlis Mukhlis , Benazir Afni
Published: February 2021

Memasuki masa dewasa awal, setiap individu dihadapkan pada peran baru yaitu menikah. Untuk menjalankan peran tersebut, maka individu akan mencari hidup berdasarkan karakteristik yang dijadikan preferensi pemilihan pasangan hidup. Hal ini dilakukan untuk menghindari munculnya ketidakcocokan dalam pernikahan. Dengan demikian dilakukanlah penelitian desktriptif yang bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran preferensi pemilihan pasangan hidup antara laki-laki dan perempuan dewasa yang beragam Islam. Jumlah subjek sebanyak 400 orang, yang terdiri dari 200 orang laki-laki dan 200 orang perempuan dengan karakteristik beragama Islam dan belum menikah yang dipilih menggunakan Teknik incidental random sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa kuisoner preferensi pemilihan pasangan yang diadaptasi dari mate preference questioner oleh Buss (1989). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dengan metode cross tabulation dan distribusi frekuensi. Diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat persamaan maupun perbedaan antara laki-laki danperempuan yang beragama Islam dalam memilih calon pasangan hidup terutama berkaitan dengan karakterisktik yang ada pada diri calon tersebut. Berkaitan dengan alasan dalam memilih calon pasagan hidup, kesamaannya ditemukan pada lima belas dari delapan belas karekteristik  pasangan hidup, sedangkan perbedaannya ditemukan pada tiga karekteristik. Sementara itu, berkaitan dengan prioritas karekteristik yang harus ada pada calon pasangan hidupnya, kesamaan urutan prioritas laki-laki dan perempuan hanya terjadi pada empat karekteristik dari tiga belas karekteristik pasangan hidup, sedangkan pada sembilan karekteritik lainnya laki-laki dan perempuan menempatkan urutan prioritas yang berbeda
Penguatan Karakter Islami Melalui Pelatihan Efikasi Diri Pada Siswa MTs N Di Pekanbaru
Authors: Kurniawati Yulita , Rajab Khairunnas , Tohirin Tohirin
Published: February 2021

AbstrakSalah satu bentuk keyakinan akan kemampuan dan keberhasilan diri sendiri disebut dengan efikasi diri yang dapat digali dari sumber yaitu pengalaman performansi, persuasi verbal, penguatan vicarius dan pembangkitan emosi. Perilaku siswa MTs N menunjukkan masih adanya keraguan untuk menunjukkan karakter Islami yang dimiliki. Karakter Islami yang dimaksud adalah Karakter siswa sesuai dengan nilai Rukun Islam yakni Karakter Syahadatain, Karakter Mushalli, Karakter Shaim, karakter Muzaki dan Karakter haji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengtahaui apakah  pelatihan efikasi diri dapat memperkuat karakter islami. Metode Penelitian adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain true eksperimen terhadap 24 subjek. Pelatihan efikasi diri berlangsung selama 5 kali pertemuan, 21 sesi dengan total waktu pelaksanaan pelatihan selama 660 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan karakter islami pada kelompok eksperimen sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan pelatihan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa pelatihan efikasi diri efektif dalam memperkuat karakter islami dengan hasil significant (z= -3,396, p < 0,05).Kata Kunci: Efiaksi Diri, Karakter islami
Nimble, efficient and evolving: the rapid response of the National Collaborating Centres to COVID-19 in Canada
Authors: Dobbins Maureen , Dubois Alejandra , Atkinson Donna , Bellefleur Olivier , Betker Claire , Haworth-Brockman Margaret , Ma Lydia
Published: February 2021

Since December 2019, there has been a global explosion of research on COVID-19. In Canada, the six National Collaborating Centres (NCCs) for Public Health form one of the central pillars supporting evidence-informed decision making by gathering, synthesizing and translating emerging findings. Funded by the Public Health Agency of Canada and located across Canada, the six NCCs promote and support the use of scientific research and other knowledges to strengthen public health practice, programs and policies. This paper offers an overview of the NCCs as an example of public health knowledge mobilization in Canada and showcases the NCCs’ contribution to the COVID-19 response while reflecting on the numerous challenges encountered.
Agiles, efficients et en évolution : la réponse rapide des Centres de collaboration nationale à la COVID-19 au Canada
Authors: Dobbins Maureen , Dubois Alejandra , Atkinson Donna , Bellefleur Olivier , Betker Claire , Haworth-Brockman Margaret , Ma Lydia
Published: February 2021

Depuis décembre 2019, on assiste à une explosion mondiale de la recherche sur la COVID-19. Au Canada, les six Centres de collaboration nationale (CCN) en santé publique constituent l’un des piliers de la prise de décisions informées par les données probantes, car ils recueillent, résument et traduisent les connaissances émergentes. Financés par l’Agence de la santé publique du Canada et répartis sur le territoire, ils favorisent et soutiennent l’utilisation des résultats de la recherche scientifique et d’autres connaissances pour renforcer les pratiques, les programmes et les politiques en santé publique. Cet article fournit un aperçu de la manière dont les CCN participent à la mobilisation des connaissances en santé publique au Canada, met en évidence leur contribution à la lutte contre la COVID-19 et décrit les nombreuses difficultés rencontrées.
fogyasztói adásvétel egyes kérdéseinek szabályozása és joggyakorlata Romániában
Authors: Székely János , Balogh Áron
Published: February 2021

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Síndrome de Münchausen por poderes. Alto riesgo para la vida de niños, niñas y adolescentes
Authors: Lovaglio Graciela Susana , Del Bagge Patricia Laura
Published: February 2021

El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo realizar una revisión del síndrome de Münchausen por poderes para contribuir con el diagnóstico precoz de este tipo de maltrato infantil de alto riesgo. Una de las metas fue difundirlo entre los profesionales de los equipos de salud, los organismos de protección de derechos de niños/as y adolescentes, la justicia y las instituciones escolares. Se describió el recorrido histórico del concepto y se abordaron sus características, manifestaciones clínicas e indicadores. Fue presentado un modelo inédito de relevamiento de datos para efectores de salud. Se elaboró un registro epidemiológico con datos obtenidos de la Unidad de Violencia Familiar del Hospital de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, del período 2001-2017, cuyo resultado fue de 24 casos confirmados. Fue descripta la estrategia diagnóstica durante la internación de niños/as y adolescentes, el comportamiento del perpetrador, los aspectos contra-transferenciales del equipo tratante, el egreso y el tratamiento psicológico del niño.
Stereotactic management of arrhythmia – radiosurgery in treatment of ventricular tachycardia (SMART-VT) – clinical trial protocol and study rationale
Authors: Miszczyk Marcin , Jadczyk Tomasz , Tomasik Bartłomiej , Latusek Tomasz , Bednarek Jacek , Kurzelowski Radosław , Gołba Krzysztof , Wojakowski Wojciech , Wita Krystian , Dolla Łukasz , Grządziel Aleksandra , Blamek Sławomir
Published: February 2021

Patients with vetricular tachycardia are usually treated with antiarrhythmic drugs and ablation if the arrhythmia substrate is available for invasive treatment. Despite high efficiency of this treatment there is a significant group of patients who do not benefit from available treatment methods, either because they cannot be applied or do not allow for durable control of the disease. For that reason a novel treatment method, STereotactic Arrhythmia Radioablation (STAR) has been proposed and its safety and efficiency is extensively studied throughout the world. The method is based on irradiation of the arrhythmia substrate identified with electrophysiological examination with high-precision image-guided radiosurgical methods usually used for ablation of malignant tumors. Here we present the protocol of the first Polish study on STAR in patients with intractable ventricular tachycardia (STARVT, NCT04642963), designed to test the safety of the method. Secondary endpoints include measures of the treatment efficiency.
The oncological treatment and cardiotoxicity problem – the role of biomarkers
Authors: Dudek Magdalena , Kałużna-Oleksy Marta , Migaj Jacek , Lesiak Maciej , Straburzyńska-Migaj Ewa
Published: February 2021

Cancer and cardiovascular diseases are a leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Cardiological complications of oncological treatment are a significant problem that can be manifested in both permanent and transient cardiac dysfunction including myocardial damage, left ventricular dysfunction, and heart failure, hypertension, ischemia, as well as arrhythmias or QT prolongation, which can be life-threatening. Early detection of cardiotoxicity due to cancer treatment is crucial in the prevention of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in this group of patients. In this review we try to summarize the role of biomarkers in the detection of cardiotoxicity due to cancer treatment.
Cancer pain as a meaningful aspect of the oncological treatment
Authors: Marzec Izabela , Grabska Kinga , Fudalej Marta M. , Badowska-Kozakiewicz Anna M.
Published: February 2021

Introduction and objective: Pain is the most common and universal symptom among all patients with the oncological disease. Pain significantly reduces the quality of life, hinders decent functioning, and plays a significant role in the deterioration of the mental health of the patient and his close relatives. The study aimed to discuss the mainstreaming of effective pain treatment and to review various assessments and scales (including Brief Pain Inventory, Illness Perception Questionnaire and Numeric Rating Scale) concerning the psychological aspect of pain in selected neoplastic diseases.State of knowledge: We can distinguish various treatments for pain that can be divided into pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Latest studies revealed that pain treatment appears to be more and more meaningful. Various factors might influence pain perception and response to the applied treatment. Among all malignancies, special attention is paid to the pain issue in following cancers: colon cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer, that were described in this paper.Conclusions: Effective pain relief presents a positive effect, both on the physical and mental state of the patient. It also helps to maintain calm mental health among relatives. Nowadays, integration of the best methods for pain relief that are characterized as humanitarian, easily accessible and effective, seems to be one of the biggest challenges for both oncological and palliative health workers.
Cancer-related microagiopathic hemolytic anemia in a patient with breast cancer – diagnostic difficulties
Authors: Skwierawska Kamila , Woźniak Krzysztof , Waszczuk-Gajda Anna , Drozd-Sokołowska Joanna , Kacprzyk Piotr , Chehab Marita Rachid , Boguradzki Piotr , Jędrzejczak Wiesław Wiktor , Basak Grzegorz Władysław
Published: February 2021

Cancer-related microangiopathic hemolytic anemia is rarely recognized as a paraneoplastic syndrome with a very poor prognosis in cancer patients. The treatment and prognosis are significantly different from that in other thrombotic microangiopathies, such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome. The case of described patient demonstrates the diagnostic difficulties in diagnosing the causes of hemolytic anemia in patient with breast cancer and appropriate treatment.
SCR en el riesgo de suscripción del seguro de vida: mortalidad, longevidad y reaseguro
Authors: Pons Cardell María Àngels , Sarrasí Vizcarra Francisco Javier
Published: February 2021

The aim of this work is to propose an internal model based on the Monte Carlo’s simulation method, for the calculation of the solvency capital requirement of the subscription of life’s risk, of an insurances company that presents two risks, the survival and mortality ones. Unlike the standard model, the aggregation of these two risks will carry out without knowing the correlation matrixes. Afterwards, the effect that the different modalities of reinsurance have in the solvency capital requirement will be analyzed. The modalities of reinsurance object of analysis are the quota share, the surplus and the stop-loss.
Effect of Nutmeg Flesh (Myristica fragrans Houtt) against Streptococcus mutans growth
Authors: Noviyandri Putri Rahmi , Nurhadisah Nurhadisah , Chismirina Santi
Published: February 2021

Streptococcus mutans is an oral commensal. Its bacteria are involved in the dental caries pathogenesis. Nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans Houtt) is one of the native plants of Indonesia. Nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans Houtt) contains antibacterial properties such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, and essential oil. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans Houtt) extract in the inhibition of Streptococcus mutans growth. The extract of nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans Houtt) was made using the maceration method with ethanol 96% as the solvent. The Diffusion methods to identify the inhibition of Streptococcus mutans growth. The concentration of nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans Houtt) extract used in this study were 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100. The one-way ANOVA analysis showed that there was the effect of nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans Houtt) extract on Streptococcus mutans growth with value p0.05, and then data was tested by Least Significant Difference (LSD). This study's conclusion showed an effect of nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans Houtt) extract in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans growth. The concentration of nutmeg flesh (Myristica fragrans Houtt) extract, which has the greatest inhibition zone on the growth of Streptococcus mutans, is at a concentration of 100% is 33,53 mm
Pathogenicity Biofilm formation of Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Asmah Nur
Published: February 2021

Biofilm formation is closely related to the pathogenicity of E. faecalis in persistent root canal infections. Limited information is available about the ability and characteristics of E. faecalis biofilm-forming in the persistent pathogenicity of root canal infections. Based on these problems, the purpose of this paper is to improve the molecular understanding of E. faecalis on virulence factors associated with biofilm formation against persistent root canal infections to support laboratory diagnosis and therapy of oral E. faecalis. In conclusion, the release of cytokines triggers the dlt gene of LTA to improving: homeostasis, autolytic activity, and bacterial envelope properties. The role of cytolysin activated by the cylLL and cylLS genes improving the survival ability of E. Faecalis. Hyaluronidase will facilitate other bacteria to migrate from the root canal to periapical lesions resulting in the triggering of toxin production, which will increase damage and inflammation in the host. Enterococcus faecalis, through dentine matrix formation, hydrolyze collagen and induce apatite deposition in developing biofilms. Besides, these bacteria can also increase their tolerance to antimicrobials by blocking the inflammatory response's acid reaction. Alkaline conditions will neutralize the lactic acid secreted by osteoclasts to absorb hard tissue
Przedsiębiorczość jako determinanta rozwoju obszarów wiejskich Podlasia
Authors: Gabińska Celina Grażyna
Published: February 2021

Rozwój obszarów wiejskich jest podstawą rozwoju gospodarczego regionów oraz zmian strukturalnych w  rolnictwie i jego otoczeniu. Przedsiębiorczość stanowi dla rolnictwa solidną podstawę trwałego wzrostu gospodarczego oraz szansę przede wszystkim w zakresie poprawy warunków życia na obszarach wiejskich w sensie ekonomicznym i społecznym. Określa się powszechnie, że przedsiębiorczość ma kluczowe znaczenie dla wzrostu firm i konkurencyjności regionów. Podstawy przedsiębiorcze są warunkiem poprawy poziomu życia mieszkańców na obszarach wiejskich. Działalność na własny rachunek przyczynia się do wykorzystania siły roboczej oraz powoduje rozwój wielofunkcyjności tych obszarów. Efekty nieekonomiczne, jakie daje przedsiębiorczość, to zmiana świadomości ludności wiejskiej. Zmniejsza się nieporadność i bezczynność ludzi, a wzrasta poczucie niezależności i aktywnego dostosowywania się do zmiennych warunków rynku. Oddziałuje to na samych przedsiębiorców,  jak  również  powoduje  aktywizację  społeczności  wiejskiej.  Przedsiębiorczość  staje  się czynnikiem stabilizującym i poprawiającym sytuację materialną rolników i mieszkańców wsi wskutek uruchomienia nowych przedsięwzięć gospodarczych o charakterze pozarolniczym i rolniczym. Istnieje potrzeba stymulowania i wspierania rozwoju przedsiębiorstw na obszarach wiejskich. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie przedsiębiorczości jako determinanty rozwoju oraz jej roli w pod-noszeniu poziomu życia na obszarach wiejskich Podlasia.
Problematyka zmian w systemie emerytalnym w edukacji w zakresie przedsiębiorczości w szkole ponadgimnazjalnej
Authors: Rachwał Tomasz
Published: February 2021

Pod koniec 2013 r. w ekspresowym tempie wprowadzono nowe przepisy reformujące dotychczasowy system emerytalny w Polsce, prowadzące do praktycznej likwidacji II filaru oraz przejęciaprzez państwo części środków zgromadzonych przez członków Otwartych Funduszy Emerytalnych (OFE). Wprowadzane zmiany są bardzo głębokie, co powoduje, że nowy system emerytalny w praktyce nie będzie już tym samym systemem, zaprojektowanym przez twórców wielkiej reformyz 1998 r. II filar staje się mało znaczącym elementem systemu emerytalnego, a dla wielu nie będzie w ogóle filarem emerytury. Celem tego artykułu jest więc prezentacja wprowadzanych zmian systemu emerytalnego, przedstawienie argumentów zwolenników i krytyków reformy oraz ich skutków dla obywateli i gospodarki krajowej w kontekście wprowadzania tych treści kształcenia przez nauczycieli na lekcjach podstaw przedsiębiorczości w szkole ponadgimnazjalnej.
Kryzys klimatyczny i środowiskowy jest szansą na wystarczająco dobre życie
Authors:   Pracownia na rzecz Wszystkich Istot, Kulik Ryszard
Published: February 2021

The ar ticle presents a psychological perspective of the causes and consequences of the climate and environmental crisis. The author presents a picture of the modern world showing the achievements of human civilization and the associ-ated environmental, psychological and sociological costs. Then, the deep causes of the current crisis are analyzed, among which the tendency to avoid suff ering plays a special role. Finally, it leads to separation from current experience. The separation syndrome becomes the basic feature of modern civilization, whose function is to eliminate the experience of suff ering. The author shows how avoiding suff ering leads to separation from nature, which results in external-ization of costs and ultimately leads to the climate and environmental crisis. In addition to the destructive potential, the crisis also provides an opportunity for deep refl ection on the human condition and taking steps to change the un-favo urable situation. The author, basing on the diagnosis, creates a vision of a new reality in which man will be able to cope with suff ering without avoiding unfavourable circumstances. Consent to suff ering as a natural component of life, the ability to contain it and to accept reality as it is, are crucial for resolving the current climate and environmental crisis.
CH4-to-CH3OH on Mononuclear Cu(II) Sites Supported on Al2O3: Structure of Active Sites from Electron Paramagnetic Resonance
Authors: Meyet Jordan , Ashuiev Anton , Noh Gina , Newton Mark , Klose Daniel , Searles Keith , van Bavel Alexander , Horton Andrew , Jeschke Gunnar , A. van Bokhoven Jeroen , Copéret Christophe
Published: February 2021

The selective conversion of methane to methanol remains one of the holy grails of chemistry, where Cu-exchanged zeolites have been shown to selectively convert methane to methanol under stepwise conditions. Over the years, several active sites have been proposed, ranging from mono-, di- to trimeric Cu(II). Herein, we report the formation of well-dispersed monomeric Cu(II) species supported on alumina using surface organometallic chemistry and their reactivity towards the selective and stepwise conversion of methane to methanol. Extensive studies using various transition alumina supports combined with spectroscopic characterization, in particular electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), show that the active sites are associated with specific facets, which are typically found in gamma- and eta-alumina phase, and that their EPR signature can be attributed to species having a tri-coordinated [(Al2O)CuIIO(OH)]-,T-shape geometry. Overall, the selective conversion of methane to methanol, a two-electron process, involve two of these isolated monomeric Cu(II) sites that play in concert.
Changing the Game of Time Resolved X-Ray Diffraction on the Mechanochemistry Playground by Downsizing
Authors: Lampronti Giulio I. , Michalchuk Adam , Mazzeo Paolo P. , Belenguer Ana , K. M. Sanders Jeremy , Bacchi Alessia , Emmerling Franziska
Published: February 2021

Time resolved in situ (TRIS) monitoring has revolutionised the study of mechanochemical transformations but has been limited by available data quality. We report how a combination of new miniaturised grinding jars together with innovations in X-ray powder diffraction data collection and state-of-the-art analysis strategies transform the power of TRIS synchrotron mechanochemical experiments. Accurate phase compositions, comparable to those obtained by ex situ measurements, can be obtained with small sample loadings. Moreover, microstructural parameters (crystal size and microstrain) can be also determined with high confidence. This strategy applies to all chemistries, is readily implemented, and yields high-quality diffraction data even using a low energy synchrotron source. This offers a direct avenue towards the mechanochemical investigation of reactions comprising scarce, expensive, or toxic compounds. Our strategy is applied to model systems, including inorganic, metal-organic, and organic mechanosyntheses, resolves previously misinterpreted mechanisms in mechanochemical syntheses, and promises broad, new directions for mechanochemical research.
Sequential Ion-Ion Reactions for Enhanced Gas-Phase Sequencing of Large Intact Proteins in a Tribrid Orbitrap Mass Spectrometer
Authors: Kline Jake , Mullen Christopher , Durbin Kenneth , Oates Ryan , Huguet Romain , Syka John , Fornelli Luca
Published: February 2021

We are submitting a manuscript describing the application of proton transfer charge reduction to increase the sequence coverage for proteins > 30 kDa using Orbitrap FTMS.
Computational Insights into Intramolecular Cross-Coupling of Quaternary Borate Salts
Authors: Matz Florian , Music Arif , Didier Dorian , Jagau Thomas C.
Published: February 2021

Cross-coupling reactions for C-C bond formation represent a cornerstone of organic synthesis. In most cases, they make use of transition metals, which has several downsides. Recently, metal-free alternatives relying on electrochemistry have gained interest. One example of such a reaction is the oxidation of tetraorganoborate salts that initiates aryl-aryl and aryl-alkenyl couplings with promising selectivities. This work investigates the mechanism of this reaction computationally using density functional and coupled-cluster theory. Our calculations reveal a distinct difference between aryl-alkenyl and aryl-aryl couplings: While C-C bond formation occurs irreversibly and without an energy barrier if an alkenyl residue is involved, many intermediates can be identified in aryl-aryl couplings. In the latter case, intramolecular transitions between reaction paths leading to different products are possible. Based on the energy differences between these intermediates, we develop a kinetic model to estimate product distributions for aryl-aryl couplings.
Unravelling Defect Passivation Mechanisms in Sulfur-treated Sb2Se3
Authors: Prabhakar Rajiv Ramanujam , Moehl Thomas , Friedrich Dennis , Kunst Marinus , Shukla Sudhanshu , Adeleye Damilola , Damle Vinayaka H. , Siol Sebastian , Cui Wei , Gouda Laxman , Suh Jihye , Tischler Yaakov R. , van de Krol Roel , Tilley David
Published: February 2021

Sb2Se3 has emerged as an important photoelectrochemical (PEC) and photovoltaic (PV) material due to its rapid rise in photoconversion efficiencies. However, despite its binary nature, Sb2Se3 has a complex defect chemistry, which reduces the maximum photovoltage that can be obtained. Thus, it is important to understand these defects and to develop passivation strategies in order to further improve this material. In this work, a comprehensive investigation of the charge carrier dynamics of Sb2Se3 and the influence of sulfur treatment on its optoelectronic properties was performed using time resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and low frequency Raman spectroscopy (LFRS). The key finding in this work is that upon sulfur treatment of Sb2Se3, the carrier lifetime is increased by the passivation of deep defects in Sb2Se3 in both the surface region and the bulk, which is evidenced by increased charge carrier lifetime of TRMC decay dynamics, increased radiative recombination efficiency and decreased deep defect level emission (PL), and improved long-range order in the material (LFRS). These findings provide crucial insights into the defect passivation mechanisms in Sb2Se3 paving the way for developing highly efficient PEC and PV devices.
Production of High Value Amine Intermediates via Biocatalytic Cascades in Continuous Flow
Authors: Mattey Ashley P. , ford grayson , Citoler Joan , Baldwin Christopher , Marshall James , Pamer Ryan , thompson Matthew P. , Turner Nicholas , Cosgrove Sebastian , Flitsch Sabine
Published: February 2021

A key aim of biocatalysis is to mimic the ability of eukaryotic cells to carry out compartmentalized multistep cascades in a controlled and selective way. As biocatalytic cascades get longer and more complex, reactions become unattainable under typical batch conditions. Here a continuous flow multipoint injection reactor was combined with switching valves to overcome batch incompatibility, thus allowing for successful biocatalytic reaction cascades. As proof-of-principle, several reactive carbonyl intermediates were generated in situ using galactose oxidase and engineered choline oxidases, then passed directly to a series of packed-bed modules containing different aminating biocatalysts which accordingly produced a range of structurally distinct amines. The method was expanded to employ a batch incompatible sequential amination cascade via an oxidase-transaminase-imine reductase sequence, introducing different amine reagents at each step without cross reactivity. The combined approaches allowed for the biocatalytic synthesis of the natural product alkaloid precursor 4O-methylnorbelladine. The flow biocatalysis platform shown here significantly increases the scope of novel biocatalytic cascades, removing previous limitations due to reaction and reagent batch incompatibility.
The Ras Dimer Structure
Authors: Rudack Till , Teuber Christian , Scherlo Marvin , Güldenhaupt Jörn , Schartner Jonas , Lübben Mathias , Klare Johann P. , Gerwert Klaus , Kötting Carsten
Published: February 2021

Oncogenic mutated Ras is a key player in cancer, but despite intense and expensive approaches its catalytic center seems undruggable. The Ras dimer interface is a possible alternative drug target. Dimerization at the membrane affects cell growth signal transduction. In vivo studies indicate that preventing dimerization of oncogenic mutated Ras inhibits uncontrolled cell growth. Conventional computational drug-screening approaches require a precise atomic dimer model as input to successfully access drug candidates. However, the proposed dimer structural models are controversial. Here, we provide a clear-cut experimentally validated N-Ras dimer structural model. We incorporated unnatural amino acids into Ras to enable the binding of labels at multiple positions via click chemistry. This labeling allowed for the determination of multiple distances of the membrane-bound Ras-dimer measured by fluorescence and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. In combination with protein-protein docking and biomolecular simulations we identified key residues for dimerization. Site‑directed mutations of these residues prevent dimer formation in our experiments, proving our dimer model to be correct. The presented dimer structure enables now computational drug-screening studies exploiting the Ras dimer interface as alternative drug target.