bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curricula Challenges and Informatics Competencies for Nurse Educators
Authors: Kinnunen Ulla-Mari  , Rajalahti Elina  , Cummings Elizabeth  , Borycki Elizabeth M.
Published: February 2025

Nursing informatics competencies are fundamental to nursing practice in all areas of nursing work, including direct patient care, administration and education. The recent activity relating to the development of nursing informatics competencies for beginning level nurses has exposed a paucity of understanding of the requirements for nursing informatics competencies for nurse educators. So, whilst the challenge of educating faculty to teach informatics has been limited, research into such competencies is required to meet this challenge. This paper describes the challenges and issues associated with nursing informatics competency development for faculty, outlines the capabilities of faculty, and presents a vision for the future of informatics education for faculty. The final requirement of the introduction of new competencies is to determine appropriate evaluation measures that reflect the requirements of all stakeholders.
International Evolution of TIGER Informatics Competencies
Authors: Sensmeier Joyce  , Anderson Christel  , Shaw Toria
Published: February 2025

The TIGER Initiative aims to explain how to equip practicing nurses with informatics competencies. This chapter describes a collaborative effort to identify global informatics requirements in relation to core competencies and to match them with national and regional needs. Recommendations from the TIGER Informatics Competency Synthesis Project, described here, have implications for an international framework of informatics competencies for all types of health care professionals including nurses.
Developments in Participatory Design of Health Information Technology – A Review of PDC Publications from 1990–2016
Authors: Kanstrup Anne Marie  , Madsen Jacob  , Nøhr Christian  , Bygholm Ann  , Bertelsen Pernille
Published: February 2025

The landscape of Participatory Design (PD) of Health Information Technology (HIT) is diverse and constantly evolving. This paper reviews the publications in the proceedings from the Participatory Design Conferences (PDCs) that have been held every two years since 1990. We used the Matrix Method to identify, describe and synthesise HIT publications from the proceedings. A total of 47 papers were included in the review and analysed in relation to six themes. The analysis reveals a significant volume of HIT research at PDCs, with a large amount of attention to digitalisation of health information, work procedures, records, secondary healthcare and health professionals. However, the analysis also shows a development from a primary focus on health workers and hospitals to a recent attention on HIT in everyday life and PD with patients, relatives, neighbourhoods and citizens in general. Additionally, the review shows a growing number of PD methods being applied. This paper concludes that research on PD and HIT appears to be maturing and developing with ongoing technological and societal development.
Lessons Learned from Participatory Design in Dementia Care: Placing Care Partners at the Centre
Authors: Hendriks Niels  , Slegers Karin  , Wilkinson Andrea
Published: February 2025

In this paper we analyze the participatory design (PD) process of a health information technology (HIT) project. This project, AToM was situated in dementia care and involved partners from academia, industry and care. The analysis specifically focuses on the role of the care partners in the PD process. We will show that the conditions to enable ‘good participatory design’ were not fully met and we present a set of actions to prevent this in future HIT projects. Central to our recommended approach is placing the care partners at the centre of the PD project.
How to Evaluate Mobile Health Applications: A Scoping Review
Authors: Fiore Pasquale
Published: February 2025

Evaluating mobile health applications requires specific criteria. Research suggests evaluation grids and online web sites are available to provide a quick sense of ease for the health care professional wanting to use a mobile application without worrying about the quality, efficacy, and safety of the mobile application. This article will present a scoping review and explore the available resources for health care professionals.
Novel Approaches to Digital Health Evaluation Capacity Building
Authors: Hagens Simon  , Tharmalingam Sukirtha
Published: February 2025

Exploration of the capacity for digital health evaluation in Canada reveals substantial progress, and much important evaluation work being conducted. Further progress can be achieved with innovative approaches to capacity building. Canada Health Infoway is implementing novel approaches around partnerships, resources, project integration and sharing knowledge.
Better Data Quality for Better Healthcare Research Results – A Case Study
Authors: Hart Robert  , Kuo Mu-Hsing
Published: February 2025

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) have been identified as a key tool to collect data for healthcare research. However, EHR data must be of sufficient quality to support quality research results. Island Health, BC, Canada has invested and continues to invest in the development of solutions to address the quality of its EHR data and support high quality healthcare studies. This paper examines Island Health's data quality engine, its development and its successful implementation.
Expert Medical Decision-Making: How the Data-Frame Theory Can Explain Physician Sense-Making
Authors: Hudson Darren  , Singh Gurmeet
Published: February 2025

The major task of physicians is decision making. This is often done in time pressured situations. The traditional theory of decision making does not reflect this reality and naturalistic decision making is a more appropriate model. The first step is to make sense of the patient or the problem and the Data-Frame Theory of Klein seems to be the best model. This model has significant implications in the way we view clinical information systems, communication and medical education.
Naturalistic Usability Testing of Inpatient Medication Reconciliation Software
Authors: Lesselroth Blake  , Adams Kathleen  , Tallett Stephanie  , Ong Lindsay  , Bliss Susan  , Ragland Scott  , Tran Hanna  , Church Victoria
Published: February 2025

Medication history errors are common at admission, but can be mitigated through the implementation of medication reconciliation (MR). We designed multi-media software to assist clinicians with collection of an admission history. This manuscript describes a naturalistic usability study conducted on the hospital wards. Our goals were to 1) estimate the impact of our workflow upon departmental productivity and 2) determine the ability of our software to detect discrepancies. We furnished clinical pharmacists with our application on a tablet PC and asked them to collect a bedside history. We used 1) time-motion analysis to estimate cycle-time and 2) chart reviews to estimate error detection rates. Our intervention detected an average of 7.7 discrepancies per admission (11.7 per pharmacy-shift). A panel rated 67% of these discrepancies as ‘high’ or ‘very high’ risk. The cycle-time per admission was slightly longer than usual care processes (20.5 min vs. 17.9 min), but included a bedside interview. In general, pharmacists agreed that the technology improved the completeness and accuracy of a medication history. However, workflow leveling strategies are important to implementing a durable process. In conclusion, a pharmacist-mediated, patient-centered technology holds promise for improving the quality of MR and overall clinical performance.
Evaluation of Electronic Prescribing Decision Support System at a Tertiary Care Pediatric Hospital: The User Acceptance Perspective
Authors: Omar Abdurahman  , Ellenius Johan  , Lindemalm Synnöve
Published: February 2025

This study aims to evaluate pediatrician's acceptance, perception and use of Electronic Prescribing Decision Support Systems (EPDSS) at a tertiary care using Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM2). Qualitative research methodology was applied. Semi-structured questions were developed according to TAM2 model. Pediatricians perceived that the EPDSS is useful and they showed a favorable attitude. However, perceived ease of use and output quality appeared to affect use of EPDSS. Concerns were expressed about complicated screens, difficulty to read and view medication overview of the patient, the navigation requires many clicks and medication system don't meet their need. End users have difficulty of ordering drugs for ploy-clinical patients and they were unable to cancel or stop medications. Junior pediatricians were influenced by senior colleague since they can get better advice about medication order than the system. Applying TAM2 framework has revealed that pediatrician's attitude and acceptance of electronic prescribing system. This study has identified factors that are important for end user acceptance as well as suggestions for system improvement. Although pediatricians are positive to the usefulness of EPDSS, it appears there are some acceptance problems due to ease of use concern and usability issues of the system.
AIM – Agile Instrumented Monitoring for Improving User Experience of Participation in HealthIT Development
Authors: Pitkänen Janne  , Nieminen Marko
Published: February 2025

Participation of healthcare professionals in information technology development has emerged as an important challenge. As end-users, the professionals are willing to participate in the development activities, but their experiences on the current methods of participation remain mostly negative. There is lack of applicable methods for meeting the needs of agile development approach and scaling up to the largest implementation projects, while maintaining the interest of the professional users to participate in development activities and keeping up their ability to continue working in a productive manner. In this paper, we describe the Agile Instrumented Monitoring as a methodology, based on the methods of instrumented usability evaluation, for improving user experience in HealthIT development. The contribution of the proposed methodology is analyzed in relation to activities of whole iteration cycle and chosen usability evaluation methods, while the user experience of participation is addressed regarding healthcare professionals. Prospective weak and strong market tests for AIM are discussed in the conclusions for future work.
Baccalaureate Nursing Students' Abilities in Critically Identifying and Evaluating the Quality of Online Health Information
Authors: Theron Maggie  , Redmond Anne  , Borycki Elizabeth M.
Published: February 2025

Both the Internet and social media have become important tools that patients and health professionals, including health professional students, use to obtain information and support their decision-making surrounding health care. Students in the health sciences require increased competence to select, appraise, and use online sources to adequately educate and support patients and advocate for patient needs and best practices. The purpose of this study was to ascertain if second year nursing students have the ability to critically identify and evaluate the quality of online health information through comparisons between student and expert assessments of selected online health information postings using an adapted Trust in Online Health Information scale. Interviews with experts provided understanding of how experts applied the selected criteria and what experts recommend for implementing nursing informatics literacy in curriculums. The difference between student and expert assessments of the quality of the online information is on average close to 40%. Themes from the interviews highlighted several possible factors that may influence informatics competency levels in students, specifically regarding the critical appraisal of the quality of online health information.
Application of Correspondence Analysis to Graphically Investigate Associations Between Foods and Eating Locations
Authors: Chapman Andrew N.  , Beh Eric J.  , Palla Luigi
Published: February 2025

This paper presents the application of correspondence analysis (CA) for investigating associations using confidence regions (CRs) with a focus on facilitating mining the data and hypothesis generation. We study the relationship between locations and “less-healthy” food consumption by UK teenagers. CA allows for a quick visual inspection of the various association structures that exist between the categories of cross-classified variables in large datasets derived with varying study designs. The hypotheses generated by the visual display can then be independently tested using suitable regression models. CA makes use of readily available software tools and of robust statistical tests amenable to interpretation.
Automated Identification of National Health Survey Research Topics in the Academic Literature
Authors: Yergens Dean William  , Dutton Daniel James  , Fiest Kirsten Marie
Published: February 2025

National health surveys are routinely conducted to provide value data about a country's health status and the health services being consumed by the population. This information is used for surveillance, research, and the planning of healthcare services at local and national levels. Although these national health surveys are viewed as important resources for public and population health, there is limited information as to the type of research being conducted with these surveys. This study investigates, through the use of automated text data mining, an approach to identify and collate the type of academic literature being published using national health surveys.
IT Infrastructure of an Oncological Trial Where Xenografts Inform Individual Second Line Treatment Decision
Authors: Lindoerfer Doris  , Mansmann Ulrich
Published: February 2025

Translational clinical research is often characterized by a unidirectional information flow from clinical to molecular data by using phenotypes to elucidate molecular disease processes. Here we present the RESIST study which uses xenograft information for individual treatment decisions after resistance to a specific anticancer treatment establishing a bidirectional information flow between patient and molecular biology. The paper discusses the specific challenges related to the IT infrastructure for such bidirectional translational projects and proposes solutions. A specific focus is the safeguarding genomic privacy.
Security Policy and Infrastructure in the Context of a Multi-Centeric Information System Dedicated to Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Ben Said Mohamed  , Robel Laurence  , Golse Bernard  , Jais Jean Philippe
Published: February 2025

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neuro-developmental disorders affecting children in their early age. The diagnosis of ASD relies on multidisciplinary investigations, in psychiatry, neurology, genetics, electrophysiology, neuro-imagery, audiology and ophthalmology. In order to support clinicians, researchers and public health decision makers, we designed an information system dedicated to ASD, called TEDIS. TEDIS was designed to manage systematic, exhaustive and continuous multi-centric patient data collection via secured Internet connections. In this paper, we present the security policy and security infrastructure we developed to protect ASD' patients' clinical data and patients' privacy. We tested our system on 359 ASD patient records in a local secured intranet environment and showed that the security system is functional, with a consistent, transparent and safe encrypting-decrypting behavior. It is ready for deployment in the nine ASD expert assessment centers in the Ile de France district.
Use of a Nationwide Personally Controlled Electronic Health Record by Healthcare Professionals and Patients: A Case Study with the French DMP
Authors: Seroussi Brigitte  , Bouaud Jacques
Published: February 2025

If the wide adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) is necessary to address health information sharing and care coordination issues, it is not sufficient. In order to address health information sharing, some countries, among which, France, have implemented a centralized framework with “new” nationwide care records. The French DMP is a centralized, nationally shared, electronic medical record, created according to the opt-in model. More than five years after the launching of the DMP project, DMPs have been created for 1.5% of the target population, which demonstrates the poor adoption of the tool by healthcare professionals. Among the 583,997 existing DMPs in June 2016, 41% were empty, and 24% of non-empty DMPs were actually accessed. If these “active” DMPs were equally accessed by both healthcare professionals and patients, patients accessed DMP documents four times more than healthcare professionals.
Understanding the Context of Learning in an Online Social Network for Health Professionals' Informal Learning
Authors: Li Xin  , Gray Kathleen  , Verspoor Karin  , Barnett Stephen
Published: February 2025

Online social networks (OSN) enable health professionals to learn informally, for example by sharing medical knowledge, or discussing practice management challenges and clinical issues. Understanding the learning context in OSN is necessary to get a complete picture of the learning process, in order to better support this type of learning. This study proposes critical contextual factors for understanding the learning context in OSN for health professionals, and demonstrates how these contextual factors can be used to analyse the learning context in a designated online learning environment for health professionals.
Severity Summarization and Just in Time Alert Computation in mHealth Monitoring
Authors: Pathinarupothi Rahul Krishnan  , Alangot Bithin  , Rangan Ekanath
Published: February 2025

Mobile health is fast evolving into a practical solution to remotely monitor high-risk patients and deliver timely intervention in case of emergencies. Building upon our previous work on a fast and power efficient summarization framework for remote health monitoring applications, called RASPRO (Rapid Alerts Summarization for Effective Prognosis), we have developed a real-time criticality detection technique, which ensures meeting physician defined interventional time. We also present the results from initial testing of this technique.
UK Health and Social Care Case Studies: Iterative Technology Development
Authors: Blanchard Adie  , Gilbert Laura  , Dawson Tom
Published: February 2025

As a result of increasing demand in the face of reducing resources, technology has been implemented in many social and health care services to improve service efficiency. This paper outlines the experiences of deploying a ‘Software as a Service’ application in the UK social and health care sectors. The case studies demonstrate that every implementation is different, and unique to each organisation. Technology design and integration can be facilitated by ongoing engagement and collaboration with all stakeholders, flexible design, and attention to interoperability to suit services and their workflows.
Learning Healthcare System for the Prescription of Genetic Testing in the Gynecological Cancer Risk
Authors: Suárez-Mejías Cristina  , Martínez-García Alicia  , Martínez-Maestre María Ángeles  , Silvan-Alfaro José Manuel  , Moreno Conde Jesús  , Parra-Calderón Carlos Luis
Published: February 2025

Clinical evidence demonstrates that BRCA 1 and BRCA2 mutations can develop a gynecological cancer but genetic testing has a high cost to the healthcare system. Besides, several studies in the literature indicate that performing these genetic tests to the population is not cost-efficient. Currently, our physicians do not have a system to provide them the support for prescribing genetic tests. A Decision Support System for prescribing these genetic tests in BRCA1 and BRCA2 and preventing gynecological cancer risks has been designed, developed and deployed in the Virgen del Rocío University Hospital (VRUH). The technological architecture integrates a set of open source tools like Mirth Connect, OpenClinica, OpenCDS, and tranSMART in addition to several interoperability standards. The system allows general practitioners and gynecologists to classify patients as low risk (they do not require a specific treatment) or high risk (they should be attended by the Genetic Council). On the other hand, by means of this system we are also able to standardize criteria among professionals to prescribe these genetic tests. Finally, this system will also contribute to improve the assistance for this kind of patients.
Knowledge Engineering as a Component of the Curriculum for Medical Cybernetists
Authors: Karas Sergey  , Konev Arthur
Published: February 2025

According to a new state educational standard, students who have chosen medical cybernetics as their major must develop a knowledge engineering competency. Previously, in the course “Clinical cybernetics” while practicing project-based learning students were designing automated workstations for medical personnel using client-server technology. The purpose of the article is to give insight into the project of a new educational module “Knowledge engineering”. Students will acquire expert knowledge by holding interviews and conducting surveys, and then they will formalize it. After that, students will form declarative expert knowledge in a network model and analyze the knowledge graph. Expert decision making methods will be applied in software on the basis of a production model of knowledge. Project implementation will result not only in the development of analytical competencies among students, but also creation of a practically useful expert system based on student models to support medical decisions. Nowadays, this module is being tested in the educational process.
Biosignals, Standards and FHIR – The Way to Go?
Authors: Sauermann Stefan  , David Veronika  , Schlögl Alois  , Egelkraut Reinhard  , Frohner Matthias  , Pohn Birgit  , Urbauer Philipp  , Mense Alexander
Published: February 2025

Background: Standards have become available to share semantically encoded vital parameters from medical devices, as required for example by personal healthcare records. Standardised sharing of biosignal data largely remains open.
How to Link SNOMED CT Procedure and WHO International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI)
Authors: Rodrigues Jean Marie  , Kim Sukil  , Trombert Paviot Béatrice  , Lee Jae Jin  , Aljunid Syed
Published: February 2025

Among different used healthcare terminology resources there is a need to link them to ease their interoperability. SNOMED CT is the most detailed clinical reference terminology for procedure used in the Electronic Health Record (EHR). WHO developed since 2006 an aggregated classification named ICHI required for statistics and resource allocation. It is based on an ontology framework defined in ISO 1828 named Categorial Structure (CAST) for surgical procedures. We present ICHI coding structure, ISO 1828 CAST standard for surgical procedures and SNOMED CT procedures hierarchy concept model and their relations. We demonstrate the obstacles to align ICHI coding structure with ISO 1828 CAST which can be linked with SNOMED CT procedures hierarchy concept model. We recommend to update ICHI coding structure to decrease the gap with ISO 1828 CAST and SNOMED CT concept model for procedures hierarchy to allow users to share the different terminology resources.
Wearable and Mobile Technology for Safe and Active Living
Authors: Røhne Mette  , Boysen Elin Sundby  , Ausen Dag
Published: February 2025

The study explores how mobile safety alarms can be utilized for ambient assisted living (AAL), and provides elderly safety, autonomy, independence and mobility. The aim is to generate knowledge on usage, usability and technical requirements to harvest the potential benefits of using wearable and mobile technologies in care for safe and active living. The study is based on real life pilots in three Norwegian municipalities with 71 users, their caregivers and relatives. Pilot users wore the mobile safety alarm while performing their daily activities – indoor and outdoor. The study shows increased safety to users, their relatives and caregivers and increased activity and mobility indicating improved social and physical health. Further development of wearables and mobile technologies is requested to meet user needs, and the inclusion of relatives imposes new challenges in terms of privacy. Mobile safety alarms represent a huge potential for efficiency and innovation in integrated care, but new tools are required for efficient collaboration and operation for large-scale implementations.
Classifying Drivers' Cognitive Load Using EEG Signals
Authors: Barua Shaibal  , Ahmed Mobyen Uddin  , Begum Shahina
Published: February 2025

A growing traffic safety issue is the effect of cognitive loading activities on traffic safety and driving performance. To monitor drivers' mental state, understanding cognitive load is important since while driving, performing cognitively loading secondary tasks, for example talking on the phone, can affect the performance in the primary task, i.e. driving. Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the reliable measures of cognitive load that can detect the changes in instantaneous load and effect of cognitively loading secondary task. In this driving simulator study, 1-back task is carried out while the driver performs three different simulated driving scenarios. This paper presents an EEG based approach to classify a drivers' level of cognitive load using Case-Based Reasoning (CBR). The results show that for each individual scenario as well as using data combined from the different scenarios, CBR based system achieved approximately over 70% of classification accuracy.
EKT ePublishing: An Innovative Service to Support Open Access Scholarly Publishing in Greece
Authors: Angelaki Marina  , Efstathiou Dimitris  , Souyioultzoglou Irakleitos
Published: February 2025

The poster presents EKT's ePublishing platform, an innovative service to support open access publishing in Greece, which enables the research community of the country to transition from a print-only mode of work to online working environments and enhance the visibility and impact of their research outputs. Emerging within an ecosystem with no prior experience or open access oriented culture, it enables the cultural shift towards open and collaborative scientific practices and the open science/open access paradigm. Focusing on the Open Book Press, EKT through its participation at the HIRMEOS project is expected to enhance the technical capacities and services of the platform that enable identification, authentication and interoperability as well as tools that enrich information and entity extraction.
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation for Propeller
Authors: Almazo Diego  , Rodríguez Jorge Ricardo  , Mizera-Pietraszko Jolanta
Published: February 2025

A Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method has been employed in conjunction with an overlapping moving grid approach to provide accurate resolution of a five-blade propeller flows under both the design and off-design conditions. It is well known that some off-design propeller flow phenomena are dominated by viscous effects and cannot be accurately predicted by the potential flow methods. To properly account for viscous effects, it is necessary to employ accurate and robust numerical methods which can provide detailed resolution of the propeller boundary layer, turbulent wake, leading edge separation, and unsteady ring vortices induced by propeller operations under off-design conditions. In this study, time-domain simulations are performed for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics Airfoil 6512 propeller.
Fuzzy Control Proposal for the Climate of a Homemade Greenhouse
Authors: Montes Olguín Angel  , Rodriguez Jorge Ricardo
Published: February 2025

In this study, we develop a fuzzy control that has the ability to reduce energy use and uncertainties in crop production by reducing or increasing the temperature in a homemade urban greenhouse by opening a window to two different angles to allow the temperature inside the greenhouse to be equal to the outside temperature. We use hydroponic tomato cultivation as our test case because tomatoes are part of the goods and services category for the “Índice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor” in México, which is an important reference for greenhouse crops and because hydroponics is a technique that saves precious resources, such as water. Fuzzy control allows a person to give instructions to the greenhouse in a natural language. Therefore, we generate input variables to relate the temperature inside the greenhouse to favorable or unfavorable conditions for crop growth and an output variable that allows the control to keep the window closed or to open the window at 45 or 90 degrees. After the mathematical model was refined, it is executed in a GNU Octave environment to generate the temperature values at which the window should react.
Investigating the Perceived Innovation of the Big Data Technology in Healthcare
Authors: Gallos Parisis  , Minou John  , Routsis Fotios  , Mantas John
Published: February 2025

The research aim of this study is to investigate the perceived innovation of the Big Data Technology in Healthcare. A survey was conducted using a theoretical model based on Rogers' Innovation Diffusion Theory, on Davis' Technology Acceptance Model, and relative research work. The results reveal that the Big Data Technology may be an innovation on the field of Health Informatics as it offers a lot of advantages compared to the traditional ways of data handling and processing, and it is compatible with the current technological status on the healthcare domain. Additionally, the current study presents the positive attitude of the Informatics Experts about the usage of the Big Data innovative technology on Health sector.
Specific Characteristics in Digital Assessment of Conjunctival Redness
Authors: Astvatsatourov Anatoli  , Mösges Ralph
Published: February 2025

Photodocumentation of allergic hyperemia induced during the conjunctival provocation test (CPT) is analyzed by digital imaging and by assessment from an external observer. Selected specific characteristics, derived from the measured conjunctival redness values, represent the relevance of digital imaging and reproducibility of the CPT. The characteristics discussed here are: the area under the ROC curve and Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient.
Juggling Doctor and Patient Needs in Mental Health Record Design
Authors: Perlich Anja  , Meinel Christoph
Published: February 2025

Providing patients access to mental health records is a controversial topic that gains growing attention in research and practice. While it has great potential in increasing the patient engagement, skepticism is prevailing among therapists who fear detrimental effects and face a lack of feasibility when treatment notes are handwritten. We aim at empowering both therapists to new documentation approaches and patients to higher engagement, and develop the collaborative documentation system Tele-Board MED (TBM) as an adjunct to talk-based mental health interventions. We present an evaluation of TBM by comparing four prototypes and testing scenarios, reaching from early simulations to attempts of real-life implementations in clinical routines. This paper delivers a systematic need comparison of therapists as primary users and patients as secondary users, both during and beyond treatment sessions. While patient feedback is thoroughly positive, the therapist needs are only partially addressed; the benefits remain hidden behind the perceived effort.
Healthy, Sick, Dead – An Educational Blueprint to State Transition Disease Modelling
Authors: Schramm Wendelin  , Rickmann Johannes  , Sailer Fabian
Published: February 2025

Disease Modelling of chronic diseases such as diabetes or asthma plays an important role in medical decision making. State transition models are the most frequently used method. The objective is to illustrate the elements and the most important underlying procedures for designing a decision analytic Markov model with only three-states. Method: Being “healthy” can be interpreted as a norm state, being “sick” as a temporary state and “dead” as an absorbing state. Transitions with accompanying transition probabilities that allow a cohort of model objects “to flow” between the cumulative exhaustive and mutually exclusive states complete the model structure. Half-cycle correction helps in overcoming the fitting problem of the discrete time valuation of Markov models. A model with the three states healthy, sick and dead is the easiest way to define a reasonable model that covers almost all aspects of a Markov disease model. The absorbing state dead helps in terminating a model. The temporary state sick acts as an event counter and the state healthy serves as a reservoir of modelling objects. The definition of the number and length of cycles completes the definition of a simple state transition model. Additional supplementary material with a functional sample model is provided.
GIS Mapping and Monitoring of Health Problems Among the Elderly
Authors: Dermatis Zacharias  , Tsaloukidis Nikolaos  , Zacharopoulou Georgia  , Lazakidou Athina
Published: February 2025

The electronic survey in conjunction with GIS in the current study aims at presenting the needs and health problems of the elderly in individual Open Elderly Care Centres in Greece. The online GIS survey enables the continuous monitoring and developing of the health problems of the elderly and helps them in their early care by the healthcare units. GIS survey123 is a customizable tool, which can be used to conduct research that is then published on an Android, iOS, and web platform. The ArcGIS software was used for the geographic mapping of data collected from a wide range of sources, so that health care professionals can investigate the factors associated with the onset of the diseases. Also, direct geographic mapping aims at identifying health problems of the elderly in Greece and transferring information to health care professionals in order to impose proper control measures in a very small period of time.
Metro Intelligent Riding System Based on Dynamic Hybrid People Identification
Authors: Hou Yuanbin  , He Liu  , Bai Yun  , Li Chen
Published: February 2025

For the problem of uneven distribution of passengers and poor flow of passenger in subway, a intelligent riding system based on dynamic hybrid people identification is established by the analysis tools of the dynamic hybrid algorithm. First of all, the collection of the car image is used to have pretreatment that includes gray and binarization, the degree of congestion within a single compartment is defined as four levels though the proportion of passengers in the image. And then, image recognition is done by the dynamic hybrid algorithm, the level of congestion of the compartment is determined. Ultimately, the level is displayed to the next station in the form of warning lights and text. Experiment and comparison results show that the background elimination method is proposed to improve the recognizable identity of the population in this paper, and the effective identification time is 6.28 s, it is much less than the running time of the subway station, this system can improve the capacity of the subway and the environment of the subway.
60-GHz 15 × 20 Flat Array Antenna
Authors: Tang Jiangmei  , Yao Bin  , Zheng Qinhong
Published: February 2025

The 60 GHz band has gained great interest as an enabler for multi-Gb/s wireless links. Due to the high 60 GHz path loss (about 82 dB per 5 m), a high gain antenna is required to maintain budget requirements. Basically, phased-array antennas that provide higher gain and beam scanning capabilities are attractive for 60 GHz non-line-of-sight (NLOS) communication scenarios. This paper presents an array antenna consisted of 15 × 20 array elements for working in 60 GHz. The substrate of the antenna is FR4 epoxy with relative dielectric constant 4.4 and dielectric loss tangent 0.02. The size of the array antenna is 30 × 20. The interval of antenna elements is 13.14 mm. The HFSS's simulation results show that the peak gain, efficiency, and impedance bandwidth of the flat array antenna can achieve 28.76 dBi, 95.978%, and 20 GHz, respectively. At the same time, the array antenna also has a good directivity.
Digital Image Watermarking Tools: State-of-the-Art
Authors: Borra Surekha  , Lakshmi H.R.  , Dey Nilanjan  , Ashour Amira S.  , Shi Fuqian
Published: February 2025

The concept of watermarks started with inserting logos into paper currency and legal documents. However, drastic improvements in digitization process, devices and broad band communication have made digital transmission of data inexpensive, fast and eased the way for data storage, access, distribution and retrieval. The net effect is that data is easily copied, edited and redistributed without proper acknowledgements to the content owners without loss of information. The present work addressed these concerns by providing an overview of existing image watermarking tools, associated features, functional limitation and scope of future research and development. It also suggested the suitability of tools towards class of users and briefed possible attacks on image watermarking.
Monocular Vision Based Object Recognition and Tracking for Intelligent Robot
Authors: Gao Qian  , Zhang Lilian  , Hu Xiaoping  , Wang Xiaofeng
Published: February 2025

The intelligent robot is a system that can detect the surroundings and make corresponding actions according to environment changes. It can perform the corresponding functions according to the pre-set instructions. Navigation is one of the important directions for robot research. The robot can move from the starting point to the destination under the control of corresponding module.
The Overview of Chinese Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System Vehicular Communication Application Layer Specification and Data Exchange Standard
Authors: Feng Yijia  , He Dazhi  , Niu Lei  , Yang Ming  , Guan Yunfeng
Published: February 2025

Vehicle-to-anything (V2X) communication is considered worldwide to be an appropriate technology to enable a large number of the intelligent transportation system (ITS) applications for traffic safety and efficiency. However, since there is no completed underlying V2X communication standard in China, it is difficult for Chinese automotive enterprises and research institutions to develop ITS applications in large scale. Therefore, the Society of Automotive Engineers of China (C-SAE) together with China ITS Industry Alliance (C-ITS) decided to develop Application Layer Specification and Data Exchange Standard first to motivate the development of the Chinese cooperative intelligent transport system industry. This paper introduces the details of the Chinese Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System Vehicular Communication Application Layer Specification and Data Exchange Standard. Included in the discussion are the description of the application scenarios and their technique requirements, the summary of the message set in the data exchange standard, and the design of the application layer data interactive interfaces. It is noteworthy that the message set in this standard is complete for the included application scenarios and the designed application layer interfaces are compatible with the underlying V2X communication protocols like DSRC and LTE-V. Finally, several directions worth further consideration are suggested for future standardization.
Data-Driven Maternal Health Literacy Promotion and a Postscript on Its Implications
Authors: Smith Sandra A.  , Carroll Lauren N.
Published: February 2025

Scientific discovery and global health policy are moving health literacy promotion and maternal-child health from the fringes of research and public health to the forefront of healthcare reform [1]. In 2011 the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Shanghai Declaration [2]. The Declaration highlights new understanding of the origins of health and disease in early development. It calls on all nations to apply this knowledge to reduce the burdens of chronic disease and related disparities worldwide. The Declaration recommends a specific intervention strategy: promote health literacy across the life course, particularly in parents and children, and empower women.
Understanding Through Use: Elderly's Value Identification in a Service Experience
Authors: Lindenfalk Bertil  , Vimarlund Vivian
Published: February 2025

This paper uses a qualitative approach, specifically; narrative analysis, to contextualize user's formulation of an understanding of a personalized meal planning service within the ambient assisted living domain. By focusing on how user's, in this case elderly over 65, formed an understanding of a service, and, what they thought valuable in using the service, based on their understanding. The results indicate how user's compare their initial understanding to their experienced understanding, formed during usage, and how this affects their value formulation of specific service aspects. The paper gives not only provides valuable insight into contextualizing aspects of health and wellness services, but to aspects of importance for implementation, by showing how value aspects of services from a user perspective are important to consider during these processes.
Clinical Simulation: A Protocol for Evaluation of Mobile Technology
Authors: Mather Carey  , Jensen Sanne  , Cummings Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

For mobile technology to be accepted at point of care in healthcare environments there is a need to demonstrate benefits whilst ameliorating the risks and challenges. To provide a standardised approach to evaluation of mobile technology a simulation protocol was developed to provide guidance for its use in healthcare environments. Simulated conditions provide the opportunity to assess intended and unintended consequences and identify potential workarounds when using technology. The protocol can also be used to demonstrate the importance of the development of digital professionalism by end-users prior to students entering the clinical practice setting. The mobile technology protocol was adapted from a health information systems protocol developed and used at the ITX Lab, Denmark for use in other simulation laboratories. Use case scenarios were developed to enable evaluation of mobile technology for mobile learning of nurses, nurse supervisors, students and patients. The scenarios can be used in a range of simulated environments including hospital bedside, outpatient clinic or community settings. A case study exemplar of a nurse and patient is included to demonstrate how the mobile technology protocol can be applied.
Gaze-Based Assistive Technology – Use in Everyday Life for Individuals with Impairments
Authors: Hemmingsson Helena  , Borgestig Maria
Published: February 2025

This session focuses on the latest developments of gaze-based assistive technology (AT) and the impact of gaze-based AT interventions in the home and at school. In particular, for play, communication, assessments and early intervention. The discussion focuses on how research findings can advance future developments.
Smart Clothing for Falls Protection and Detection: User-Centred Co-Design and Feasibility Study
Authors: Easton Katherine  , Burton Thomas  , Ariss Steven  , Bradburn Mike  , Hawley Mark
Published: February 2025

The prevalence and impact of hip fractures on the health and wealth of nations is a global problem and source of health inequalities. This paper reports on the co-design and feasibility testing of a new range of protective, smart clothing. The feasibility of research in a population of older adults in supported living is explored, as are the conceptualisation and measurement of adherence.
Independent Living Functions for the Elderly (IN-LIFE): Supporting Communication in Dementia
Authors: Smith Sarah K.  , Astell Arlene J.
Published: February 2025

Independent Living Functions for the Elderly (IN-LIFE) is a 3 year multidisciplinary, multisite European project that aims to prolong and support independent living for people with cognitive impairments, through (ICT) services. Sheffield is one of six research sites and is focused on enhancing communication and conversations using touch screen computers.
The Language and Communication Characteristics of Communication Aids – A Systematic Review
Authors: Judge Simon  , Randall Nicola  , Lynch Yvonne  , Meredith Stuart  , Moulam Liz  , Murray Janice  , Goldbart Juliet
Published: February 2025

A systematic review of the language and communication characteristics of communication aids considered in identifying the appropriate aid for a child is introduced. The aim is to improve the decision-making around the provision of symbol communication aids to children.
Designing for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): A Design Anthropological Perspective
Authors: Collier Guy  , Kayes Nicola  , Reay Stephen  , Bill Amanda
Published: February 2025

This paper will present a design anthropological perspective on an ongoing project called ‘Living Well with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)’. The project explores how people with MCI (and their families) manage and respond to changes in their memory and thinking. One of the primary aims of this project is to design an online resource that will support people to ‘Live Well’ within the context of possible cognitive decline. The resource was originally proposed to function as a kind of online community, where users could both share and learn about home-grown strategies for managing the cognitive changes associated with MCI in everyday life. Much of this project has been guided by the methodological approach of design anthropology, which encourages project researchers and stakeholders to critically examine underlying assumptions and conceptual frameworks, which in this case revolve around the disputed MCI category. In this paper we will provide some background to the Living Well project before highlighting a number of key insights attained from design anthropology.
Development of a Robotic System for Enhancing Children's Motivation in Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT)
Authors: Psychouli Pavlina  , Cheng Pericles  , Dimopoulos Christos
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a novel robotic system, which aims to enhance children's motivation through the gamification of the CIMT process. The system offers adjustability of the required movement skills, ensuring children will put increasingly more effort to achieve the rehabilitation goal, while keeping the task fun and engaging.
Design of a Behavior of Robot That Attracts the Interest of the Mildly Demented Elderly
Authors: Nihei Misato  , Sakuma Natsuki  , Yabe Hiroyuki  , Kamata Minoru  , Inoue Takenobu
Published: February 2025

In this study, using the unexpected intervention overturning the interaction amount of the field and the mental model, an interaction of a robot system that enables sustained nonverbal communication with the mildly demented elderly was proposed and its effectiveness was shown in the group home of the mildly demented elderly.
Definition of “Total Accessibility” for Public Transport
Authors: Bühler Christian  , Wallbruch Rainer
Published: February 2025

The paper describes the approach and results of a German study as an example of strategies in German legislation relating to accessibility in public transport. In the study a participatory approach was followed to reach consensus about the interpretation and definition of a new legislative term “vollständige Barrierefreiheit (total accessibility)”.