bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generation mechanism of surface micro-texture in axial ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling(AUVAM)
Authors: Zhang Zongbo , Liu Wengang , Chen Xintong , Zhang Yu , Xu Chunling , Wang Kai , Wang Wei , Jiang Xin
Published: June 2022

Although axial ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling (AUVAM) is promising for rapid and economical fabrication of 3D micro-texture on various surfaces, it has been a challenge to obtain micro-texture with small feature size and large height simultaneously. The mechanism and major influence factors for the formation of micro-texture by this method were explored in this study. It was found that the generation of micro-texture was mainly caused by cutting and extrusion from the flank face of the milling tool under ultrasonic vibration. Therefore, a novel 3D tool model that considered the relief angle, end cutting edge angle and the blade profile was established in simulation analysis. The good agreement between simulation and experimental results demonstrated that the influence of the flank face on the micro-texture was mainly attributed to the relief angle of the milling tool. It was the first time to report that both the height and the profile shape of the micro-texture unit were affected by the overlap and extrusion between the flank surface and the micro-texture. But this influence diminished with the increase of spindle speed. 3D sinusoid-shaped micro-texture with minimum width of 20 μm and height of 2 μm (fully reproduced the ultrasonic amplitude) was realized with the relief angle of 40o and spindle speed of 4000 rpm. Other typical textures of weave, shell, scale and corrugation were also presented to show the effective regulation of texture patterns in AUVAM. This work provides both theoretical and practical basis for such a low-cost, efficient and controllable 3D micro-texture preparation method.
Divergent subgenome evolution in the allotetraploid frog Xenopus calcaratus
Authors: Knytl Martin , Fornaini Nicola R. , Bergelová Barbora , Gvoždík Václav , Černohorská Halina , Kubíčková Svatava , Fokam Eric B. , Evans Ben J. , Krylov Vladimír
Published: June 2022

Allopolyploid genomes are divided into compartments called subgenomes that are derived from lower ploidy ancestors. In African clawed frogs of the subgenus Xenopus (genus Xenopus), allotetraploid species have two subgenomes (L and S) with morphologically distinct homoeologous chromosomes. In allotetraploid species of the sister subgenus Silurana, independently evolved subgenomes also exist, but their cytogenetics have not been investigated in detail. We used an allotetraploid species in Silurana—Xenopus calcaratus—to explore evolutionary dynamics of chromosome morphology and rearrangements. We find that the subgenomes of X. calcaratus have distinctive characteristics, with a more conserved a-subgenome resembling the closely related genome of the diploid species X. tropicalis, and a more rapidly evolving b-subgenome having more pronounced changes in chromosome structure, including diverged heterochromatic blocks, repetitive sequences, and deletion of a nucleolar secondary constriction. Basedon these cytogenetic differences, we propose a chromosome nomenclature for X. calcaratus that may apply to other allotetraploids in subgenus Silurana, depending on as yet unresolved details of theire volutionary origins. These findings highlight the potential for large-scale asymmetry in subgenome evolution following allopolyploidization.
Cystathionine γ-lyase mediates cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Qian-Qian , Gao Ying-Ran , Zhang Yan-Xia , Jing Mi-Rong , Cai Chun-Bo , Wang Di , Qi Hui-Wen , Chen Hao-Jie , Li Tao , Li Yan-Zhang , Jiang Qi-Ying , Ji Xin-Ying , Wu Dongdong
Published: June 2022

Background
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelia-derived malignancy with a distinctive geographic distribution. Cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) is involved in cancer development and progression. Nevertheless, the role of CSE in the growth of NPC is unknown.
Results
In this study, we found that CSE levels in human NPC cells were higher than those in normal nasopharyngeal cells. CSE overexpression enhanced the proliferative, migrative, and invasive abilities of NPC cells and CSE downregulation exerted reverse effects. Overexpression of CSE decreased the expressions of cytochrome C, cleaved caspase (cas)-3, cleaved cas-9, and cleaved poly-ADP-ribose polymerase, whereas CSE knockdown exhibited reverse effects. CSE overexpression decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the expressions of phospho (p)-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2, p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p-p38, but promoted the expressions of p-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), p-AKT, and p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), whereas CSE knockdown showed oppose effects. In addition, CSE overexpression promoted NPC xenograft tumor growth and CSE knockdown decreased tumor growth by modulating proliferation, angiogenesis, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Furthermore, DL-propargylglycine (an inhibitor of CSE) dose-dependently inhibited NPC cell growth via ROS-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways without significant toxicity.
Conclusions:
In conclusion, CSE could regulate the growth of NPC cells through ROS-mediated MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR cascades. CSE might be a novel tumor marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of NPC. Novel donors/drugs that inhibit the expression/activity of CSE can be developed in the treatment of NPC.
Folic acid-Chitosan Coated Stylosin Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Fabrication, In Vitro-In Vivo Assessment in Breast Malignant Cells
Authors: Sadeghi Soroush , Tabrizi Masoud Homayouni , Farhadi Amin
Published: June 2022

Objective: Synthesis of Targeted Nanostructure Lipid Carriers for stylosin (STY-CFN-NPs) delivery to MCF-7 CellsMaterials and Methods: STY-CFN-NPs were formulated via the homogenization and ultra-sonication technique. After evaluating the amount of drug encapsulation and FA binding, toxicity effect of the STY and STY-CFN-NPs on MCF-7 cells was measured by MTT method. Cell cycle analysis, AO/PI staining and qPCR to assess the inducing of apoptosis as well as Tubo cancer cell inoculated mouse model for antitumor properties of STY-CFN-NPs were used.Results: Significant increases in nanoparticle size and changes in zeta potential were observed after FA-CS coating on nanoparticles. Slow release of the STY within 144 h as well as acceptable rate for STY encapsulation efficiency (92.4% and FA binding (52.5%) to the STY-CFN-NPs (PS: 66.26±3.02 nm, ZP: 29.54±1.01 mV and PDI: 0.32±0.01) was reported. STY-CFN-NPs exhibited higher toxicity compared to STY suspension and treatment with STY-CFN-NPs was lead to the increased apoptotic cells, stopped cells in SubG1 phase and also increased Caspase and Bax expression and decreased BCL-2 and BCL-XL expression in In vitro and decreased the size of murine tumors (54.57% in 16 days) in In vivo.Conclusion: The results showed STY-CFN-NPs has good potential for breast cancer management
Nestin as a marker of unipotent epithelial progenitor cells differentiate into outer root sheath keratinocytes in embryonic and adult hair follicles
Authors: Baba Yuta , Onishi-Sakamoto Saki , Ide Kaori , Nishifuji Koji
Published: June 2022

Nestin is an intermediate filament protein transiently expressed in neural stem/progenitor cells. We previously demonstrated that outer root sheath (ORS) keratinocytes of adult hair follicles (HFs) in mice descend from nestin-expressing cells, despite being an epithelial cell lineage. This study aimed to define the exact stage when nestin-expressing ORS stem/precursor cells or their descendants appear during HF morphogenesis, and whether they are also recognized in adult HFs. Using Nes-Cre/CAG-CAT-EGFP mice, in which enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) is expressed following Cre-based recombination driven by the nestin promoter, we found that EGFP+ cells appeared in the epithelial layer of embryonic HFs as early as the peg stage. EGFP+ cells in hair pegs were positive for keratin 5, but not vimentin, Sox2, Sox10, or S100 alpha 6. Tracing of tamoxifen-induced EGFP+ cells in postnatal Nes-CreERT2/CAG-CAT-EGFP mice revealed labeling of some isthmus HF epithelial cells in the first anagen stage. EGFP+ cells in adult HFs were not immunolabeled for keratin 15, an HF multipotent stem cell marker. However, when hairs were depilated to induce the anagen stage after tamoxifen injection, the majority of ORS keratinocytes in depilation-induced anagen HFs were labeled for EGFP. Our findings indicate that nestin-expressing unipotent progenitor cells capable of differentiating into ORS keratinocytes are present in both the HF primordia and adult HFs.
Hyperspectral image super-resolution reconstruction based on image partition and detail enhancement
Authors: Xu Yinghao , Lv Yuchao , Zhu Xijun , Liu Sifan , Sun Yuanyuan , Wang Yimin
Published: June 2022

The hyperspectral image (HSI) super-resolution (SR) reconstruction has attracted much attention and been used widely in various study fields due to its low requirements on hardware in practice. However, the distribution of image information is uneven. And HSI is treated equally during the process of super-resolution reconstruction. It is time consuming and many details cannot be extracted specifically. In this paper, a new method named MSDESR (multilevel streams and detail enhancement) is proposed to reconstruct HSI according to its uneven distribution of spatial information. The MSDESR consists of a submap shunt block, a high-low frequency information extraction with detail enhancement block, and a partition image reconstruction block. Firstly, the submap shunk block is designed to pre-classify hyperspectral images. The images are divided into complex and simple parts according to the spatial information distribution of the reconstructed submap. Secondly, the multiscale Retinex with detail enhancement algorithm is constructed to purify high-frequency noise-contaminated and enhance the image details by separating the samples into high and low frequency information. Finally, branching networks of different complexities are designed to reconstruct the images with high credibility and clear content. In this paper, datasets of QUST-1, Pavia University and Chikusei are applied in the experiments. The results show that, the MSDER outperforms state-of-the-art CNN-based methods in terms of quantitative metrics and visual quality, with quantities of 4.18% and 9.35% in the SRE and MPSNR metrics, respectively. Overall, the MSDER performs well in hyperspectral image super-resolution reconstruction, which is time saving and preserves the details of spatial information.
Multicentre study on stress coping strategies and vaginal/caesarean birth opinions among medical students
Authors: Michalik Anna , Zdun-Ryzewska Agata , Pracowity Michalina , Olszewska Jolanta
Published: June 2022

Background.
Polish perinatal care is facing a high and increasing caesarean birth (CB) rate, which is at 43%. Stress coping strategies among professionals can be important factors in the decision-making for CB. Study aimed to identify opinions associated with a birth route and stress coping strategies.
Methods.
This cross-sectional, exploratory study included 748 Polish medical students and aimed to identify opinions associated with a birth route and stress coping strategies among medical students. A descriptive questionnaire was distributed online. Group comparisons were performed using Welch’s t-test for continuous data or the χ2 test for categorical data. Spearman’s ρ coefficient was used.
Results.
Statistically, first- and second-year students thought that every woman can choose vaginal birth (VB) or CB. Students in their final years of study considered that VB is more beneficial for women at low risk of VB-related complications. The respondents who reported that VB is safer, women recover faster after it, and women should not be able to choose VB/CB on their own exhibited statistically significantly lower helplessness levels and greater use of religion as a stress coping strategy. Those who were more helpless and less religious were also less convinced of the safety of VB, believed in faster recovery after CB and expressed that the woman herself should decide how to give birth.
Conclusion.
Stress coping strategies seem to be related to the understanding of the childbirth process and the set of attitudes connected with it. Helplessness and religiosity turned out to be the most important factors in this area. The connection between helplessness (stress coping strategy) and estimation of greater pain during VB than CB obtained in our research, is a phenomenon that may lead students with these characteristics to prefer and recommend CB in their future practice.
Estimating the health burden of road traffic injuries in Malawi using an individual based model
Authors: Smith Robert Manning , Cambiano Valentina , Colbourn Tim , Collins Joseph H , Graham Matthew , Jewell Britta , Lin Ines Li , Mangal Tara D , Manthalu Gerald , Mfutso-Bengo Joseph , Mnjowe Emmanuel , Mohan Sakshi , Ng’ambi Wingston , Phillips Andrew N , Revill Paul , She Bingling , Sundet Mads , Tamuri Asif , Twea Pakwanja D , Hallet Timothy B
Published: June 2022

BackgroundRoad traffic injuries are a significant cause of death and disability globally. However, in some countries the exact health burden caused by road traffic injuries is unknown. In Malawi, there is no central reporting mechanism for road traffic injuries and so the exact extent of the health burden caused by road traffic injuries is hard to determine. A limited number of models predict the incidence of death due to road traffic injury in Malawi. These estimates vary greatly, owing to differences in assumptions and so the health burden caused on the population by road traffic injuries remains unclear.MethodsWe use an individual based model and combine an epidemiological model of road traffic injuries with a health seeking behaviour and health system model. We provide a detailed representation of road traffic injuries in Malawi, from the onset of the injury through to the final health outcome. We also investigate the effects of an assumption made by other models, that multiple injuries do not contribute to health burden caused by road accidents.Results Our model estimates an overall average incidence of death between 23.5 to 29.8 deaths per 100,000 person years due to road traffic injuries and an average of 180,000 to 225,000 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per year between 2010 and 2020 in an estimated average population size of 1,364,000 over the 10-year period. Our estimated incidence of death falls within the range of other estimates currently available for Malawi, whereas our estimated number of DALYs is greater than the only other estimate available for Malawi, the GBD estimate predicting and average of 126,200 DALYs per year over the same time period. Our estimates, which account for multiple injuries, predict a 22-58% increase in overall health burden compared to the model ran as a single injury model.ConclusionsRoad traffic injuries are difficult to model with conventional modelling methods, owing to the numerous types of injuries that occur. Using an individual based model framework, we can provide a detailed representation of road traffic injuries. Our results indicate a higher health burden caused by road traffic injuries than previously estimated.
Fibromyalgia and Sexuality: A Qualitative Study in Brazilian Women
Authors: NISIHARA RENATO , QUADROS MANUELA , SPRICIGO DHAYANE , CREMONEZ LARA , MUTTI GABRIELA , KRUKLIS SOFIA , DIAS REJANE , SKARE THELMA , NONE NONE , TWO NONE ,   NONE NONE3
Published: June 2022

Sexuality is considered an integral part of being human and it is directly associated with quality of life. Any change among the factors that contribute to sexual function allow the sexual dysfuncton(SD) to occur. Fibromyalgia (FM) is a musculoskeletal rheumatic syndrome, manifested mainly by chronic generalized pain, fatigue and muscle stiffness, in which SD is highly prevalent. The association between these two entities is not completely understood, but may be related to FM symptoms and treatments. Despite the prevalence of SD in FM patients, little research on the subject is done and the topic is rarely addressed in clinical practice. We aimed to analyze the discourse of FM patients, emphasizing the personal experiences of each patient, in order to try to understand their perspectives about sexuality. This is a qualitative study, carried out through an online questionnaire, via the Google Forms platform, from 07/23/2020 to 08/21/2020. The answers were obtained from an open space for comments, which did not have a guiding question. The Content Analysis Method was used, that allowed the identification of 13 repetition patterns in the obtained answers. A total of 210 open responses were obtained. Among them, two categories were the most prevalent (1)- request for return on this research results or guidance and (2)- pain interfering with sexual function. We conclude that pain during sexual intercourse and education in the addressed topic were the leading topics identified in most responses.
Ce3+-induced fluorescence amplification of cooper nanoclusters based on aggregation-induced emission for specific sensing 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid
Authors: Shen Jingxiang , Fan Zhefeng
Published: June 2022

A straightforward, cost-effective and biocompatible reduction approach was applied to fabricate soluble but non-luminous glutathione-stabilized copper nanocluster (GSH-CuNCs). Surprisingly, as high as 1×103 times fluorescence enhancement was acquired when Ce3+ was injected at an extremely low concentration of only 18 µM. Ce3+ outperformed other rare-earth metal ions in terms of inducing fluorescence amplification of the non-luminous GSH-CuNCs. Furthermore, Ce3+ was employed as a linker between GSH-CuNCs and target of 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid (DPA), an excellent anthrax biomarker. As a result, the Ce3+/GSH-CuNCs ensemble was developed as a novel fluorescence probe based on aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanism to detect DPA in the "on-off" mode at a fast rapid. The fluorescence intensity of ultra-bright Ce3+/GSH-CuNCs was gradually quenched along with the progressive increase in DPA concentration, resulting from a stronger coordination ability between Ce3+ and DPA than Ce3+ and GSH, Ce3+ would fail to interact with GSH and detached from the surface of CuNCs. A good linear relationship from 0.3 µM to 18 µM was obtained under optimal conditions for DPA determination, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.19 µM. Additionally, its feasibility was successfully validated by testing actual water samples. This proposed method significantly promote the construction of ensemble type sensors in the form of metal-ion/metal nanoclusters based on AIE for measuring other analytes.
A Novel Responsive Sensor for Penicillium italicum Fruit Fungus Based on Mesoporous CaMn4O8-G-SiO2 Nanocomposite
Authors: Fatema Kamrun Nahar , Cho Kwang Youn , Jung Chong-Hun , Cho Ju Yong , Jang Won Kweon , Oh Won-Chun
Published: June 2022

While the mold that is blue-green Penicillium italicum is one of the most serious post-harvest plant infections, compromising the integrity of citrus and many other crops during storage and transportation, there is as yet no sensor for its detection on-site, or in the field. For the first time, we present the development of a novel CaMn4O8–G–SiO2 (CaMnGS) sensor to detect the presence of Penicillium italicum mold. CaMnGS was synthesized using a self-assembly technique in this study. CaMnGS sample demonstrated outstanding stability, high selectivity, and notable characteristics for Penicillium italicum fungus detection. For Penicillium italicum fungus sensing, the CaMnGS displayed a large linear range of (50–100) μL, and a low detection limit of 0.50 μL. Significantly, the CaMnGS sensor was capable of swiftly detecting the Penicillium italicum fungus in wastewater. The CaMnGS generated had no effect on cell survival and had tremendous potential for Penicillium italicum fungal sensing. The mesoporous CaMnGS sensor may also detect the presence or absence of the fungus Penicillium italicum. This method might be used to identify the fungus Penicillium italicum. This is also the first attempt to discuss the fabrication of an electrochemical sensor employing a mesoporous CaMnGS nanoparticle composite as a platform for the selective detection of Penicillium italicum.
Design and Analysis of wide bandwidth Quad ‘e’ mirror-shaped metamaterial for Wi-Fi and Satellite Applications
Authors: . Ankit , Kishor Kamal , Sinha Ravindra Kumar
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we report a novel design of wide bandwidth Quad ‘e’ mirror-shaped metamaterial (MTM) structure for Wi-Fi and Satellite Applications. Further, the geometrical parameters of the copper-based metamaterial on FR- 4 epoxy resin fiber substrate is optimized and analyzed for a triple-band operation in the frequency range of 0.1 GHz-16 GHz. The proposed design exhibits left-handed characteristics over the three (L, C and Ku) frequency bands in microwave regime. The electric field, magnetic field and surface current distribution of the proposed MTM unit has been studied at three resonance frequencies (𝑓𝑟) namely 1.4 GHz, 5.0 GHz and 14.8 GHz. The effective electromagnetic parameters for the MTM were calculated using the obtained Propagation (transmission and reflection) characteristics. The unit cell provides negative permittivity (𝜀𝑟 ) in the region 0.5-1 GHz and a broad negative permeability (𝜇𝑟 ) in the 9-16 GHz region. The structure exhibits a negative refractive index (𝜂𝑟 ) in the region 0.5-1 GHz, 3-3.5 GHz, and 9-12 GHz. The effects of dielectric materials, design parameters, resonator width (𝑤𝑟), substrate thickness (𝑡𝑠), middle gap width (r), and the influence of different metal conductors of unit cell on resonance frequencies were also investigated. The proposed design has an unprecedented effective medium ratio (EMR) value of 13.37, implying better effectiveness and compactness of the Quad ‘e’ mirror-shaped metamaterial. The designed structure could be extremely useful for design and development of compact wide bandwidth devices for Wi-Fi and satellite applications.
Differences in trauma injury patterns and severity between intentional and accidental fall from a height: A Japanese nationwide trauma database study
Authors: Terayama Takero , Toda Hiroyuki , Saito Daizo , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Yoshino Aihide
Published: June 2022

Background
Fall from a height is a common cause of trauma requiring emergency care; in many cases, the trauma team needs to urgently develop the initial treatment strategy. The mechanism of injury (intentional or accidental) is an important factor in predicting trauma patterns and severity. We aimed to describe how the severity of injuries in each body region contributes to overall trauma severity and skeletal trauma patterns in intentional and accidental falls.
Methods
Data were obtained from a nationwide trauma database between January 1, 2004 and May 31, 2019. Patients aged ≥ 18 years and injured by fall from a height were included. The median Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score for the Injury Severity Score (ISS) for each body region (region 1 [head, face, and neck], region 2 [thorax], region 3 [abdomen], region 4 [lower extremity and pelvis], and region 5 [upper extremity]) was investigated. Skeletal injury patterns were classified into four groups: group I (intentional/severe), group II (accidental/severe), group III (intentional/not severe), and group IV (accidental/not severe). Severe trauma was defined as a trauma with an ISS of 16 or more. The comparison between groups was assessed using the chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U test.
Results
Among the 342,263 patients enrolled in the database, 28,409 met the inclusion criteria: 6,812 in group I, 11,754 in group II, 2,384 in group III, and 7,459 in group IV. The intentional group showed an increase in the AIS score for the lower region (region 4) as the ISS increased, whereas the accidental group showed an increase in the AIS score for the upper region (region 1). Both groups showed an increase in the AIS score for region 2 as the ISS increased. The intentional fall group had a higher proportion of fractures in the lower extremities and pelvis.
Conclusions
There were differences in trauma patterns and trauma severity levels between patients who experienced intentional and accidental falls from a height. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of this topic. Further studies are required to assess the usefulness of our findings for the development of initial treatment strategies at the ED.
Comparison of different solvent extraction compositions for the analysis of phytoplankton pigments and lipids using a rapid and sensitive LC-MS method
Authors: Shankar Uttara , Lenka Sangram K. , Ackland M. Leigh , Callahan Damien L.
Published: June 2022

Background: Carotenoids and chlorophylls are important pigments as they have antioxidant properties and some such as lutein, astaxanthin and β-carotene are used as nutraceuticals. Pigment profiles are also used as taxonomic markers for phytoplankton. There are many solvent compositions published for the extraction of phytoplankton pigments. Here we report the testing of five different commonly used solvents and compare the overall pigment and lipid profiles and abundances using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for three microalgal species with different pigment profiles.Results: A fast and sensitive LC-MS method was developed using a C18 column with a gradient consisting of isopropanol, acetonitrile and water. A total of 18 pigments along with phosphatidylcholines (PCs), triacylglycerols (TAGs) were separated in 25 mins. An extraction solvent composition of 90% acetone provided the broadest-coverage of pigments and lipids, while ethanol/hexane resulted in the highest extraction efficiency for chlorophyll and the non-polar triacylglycerol lipids. Overall, the result for the different mixtures shows the significant impact that solvent polarity has on the overall pigment and lipid profile and that no single mixture was optimal for all targets. Complete cell lysis using mechanical disruption such as bead beating is also an important step for quantitative extraction as chemical extraction on its own does not provide reproducible results.Conclusion: A 90% acetone extraction solvent mixture provides the broadest extraction of pigments from the species Haematococcus pluvialis, Desmodesmus subspicatus and Chlorella variabilis when coupled with bead beating. This extraction solvent is comparatively safe, polar and less toxic than other solvents. It was also found that none of the common solvent mixtures tested here provided the highest extraction efficiencies across all compound groups
PET/MR: Primary Inferior Vena Cava Leiomyosarcoma, a Case Report.
Authors: RONCHI BRUNELA , Peña Gustavo , Carlos Sacchi
Published: June 2022

Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with a magnetic resonance (MR) scanner (PET/MR) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) tracer is being used in quite a few nuclear medicine centers. The aim of this study is to illustrate two uncommon cases of primary inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma which were formerly evaluated with anatomical images such as computed tomography and ultrasound. These techniques were inferior in the definition of the tumor and its characteristics. F-18 FDG PET/MR was essential and provided all the necessary information: its origin, local extension, anatomo-metabolic behavior, form of presentation, and distant metastasis in one single diagnostic technique .PET/MR accurately contributed to the diagnosis in a shortened period of time and therefore, in the prognosis of this disease with greater benefits. This article was previously presented as an e-poster at the 34th Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine.
ANN-aided Mechanophenotyping of Biological Cells Using AFM
Authors: Kamble Yuvaraj , Raj Abhishek , Thakur Atul
Published: June 2022

Mechanical properties of biological cells can serve as biomarkers for indicating various diseases like cancer and sickle cell disease. Hertzian model-based prediction of mechanical properties of biological cells, although most widely used, has shown to have limited potential in determining constitutive parameters of cells of uneven shape and non-linear force-indentation responses of AFM-based cell nanoindentation. We report a new artificial neural network-aided approach, which takes into account, the variation in cell shapes and their effect on the predictions in cell mechanophenotyping. We have developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model which could predict the mechanical properties of biological cells by utilizing the force vs. indentation curve of AFM and we obtained a recall of 0.98 ± 0.03 and 1 ± 0.0 for hyperelastic and elastic cells respectively for the prediction error of less than 10%. We envisage that the developed technique can be used for the validation of quantitative biomechanical markers for diagnoses of diseases like cancer and sickle cell disease which could help to improve clinical decision-making.
Centering Indigenous Knowledge in Suicide Prevention: A Critical Scoping Review
Authors: Sjoblom Erynne , Ghidei Winta , Leslie Marya , James Ashton , Bartel Reagan , Campbell Sandra , Montesanti Stephanie
Published: June 2022

BackgroundIndigenous peoples of Canada, United States, Australia, and New Zealand experience disproportionately high rates of suicide as a result of the collective and shared trauma experienced with colonization and ongoing marginalization. Dominant, Western approaches to suicide prevention—typically involving individual-level efforts for behavioural change via mental health professional intervention—by themselves have largely failed at addressing suicide in Indigenous populations, possibly due to cultural misalignment with Indigenous paradigms. Consequently, many Indigenous communities, organizations and governments have been undertaking more cultural and community-based approaches to suicide prevention. To provide a foundation for future research and inform prevention efforts in this context, this critical scoping review summarizes how Indigenous approaches have been integrated in suicide prevention initiatives targeting Indigenous populations.MethodsA systematic search guided by a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach was conducted in twelve electronic bibliographic databases for academic literature and six databases for grey literature to identify relevant articles. the reference lists of articles that were selected via the search strategy were hand-searched in order to include any further articles that may have been missed. Articles were screened and assessed for eligibility. From eligible articles, data including authors, year of publication, type of publication, objectives of the study, country, target population, type of suicide prevention strategy, description of suicide prevention strategy, and main outcomes of the study were extracted. A thematic analysis approach guided by Métis knowledge and practices was also applied to synthesize and summarize the findings.ResultsFifty-six academic articles and 16 articles from the grey literature were examined. Four overarching and intersecting thematic areas emerged out of analysis of the academic and grey literature: (1) engaging culture and strengthening connectedness; (2) integrating Indigenous knowledge; (3) Indigenous self-determination; and (4) employing decolonial approaches. ConclusionsFindings demonstrate how centering Indigenous knowledge and approaches within suicide prevention positively contribute to suicide-related outcomes. Initiatives built upon comprehensive community engagement processes and which incorporate Indigenous culture, knowledge, and decolonizing methods have been shown to have substantial impact on suicide-related outcomes at the individual- and community-level. Indigenous approaches to suicide prevention are diverse, drawing on local culture, knowledge, need and priorities.
Enhancing extraction of proanthocyanidins from Chinese quince fruit by ball-milling and enzyme hydrolysis
Authors: Kong Wan-Qing , Liu Ming-Wei , Wang Shou-Tao , Gao Hui-Hui , Qin Zhao , Liu Hua-Min , Wang Xue-De , He Jing-Ren
Published: June 2022

Chinese quince fruit is rich in proanthocyanidins (PAs), which have antioxidant properties. This work describes a method to isolate PAs from Chinese quince fruits by a combination of ball-milling pretreatment and enzyme-assisted extraction. Untreated PA fractions (UMP), ball mill pretreated PA fractions (BMP) and enzymatically hydrolysed PA fractions (BEP-1, BEP-2, BEP-3, BEP-4) were obtained. The total PA and total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and α-amylase inhibitory activity of the six PA samples were determined, and their structural characteristics were also analyzed. BEP and BMP fractions were structurally similar with UMP, but had more total phenolics and PAs, and had higher antioxidant activities, lower thermal stability, and lower average molecular weight. Among them, BEP-4 was the most outstanding. Its total phenolics and PAs were 750.98 ± 6.95 and 948.72 ± 3.50 mg/g extract per gram dry weight, respectively. Its DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical scavenging ability, and α-amylase inhibitory capacity had maximum values of 90.38%, 98.99%, 97.89%, and 92.98%, respectively. These investigations provide a new, efficient way to isolate proanthocyanidins from Chinese quince fruits, and reveal that Chinese quince fruits may be a good source of antioxidants, worthy of further development.
18F-FDG PET/CT Radiomics Features as Predictive Biomarkers in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Travaini Laura Lavinia , Botta Francesca , Derenzini Enrico , Presti Giuliana Lo , Ferrari Mahila Esmeralda , Farulla Lighea Simona Airò , Radice Tommaso , Mazzara Saveria , Tarella Corrado , Pileri Stefano , Raimondi Sara , Ceci Francesco
Published: June 2022

Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between radiomic features (RFs) extracted from baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT (FDG-PET) with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients eligible for standard-of-care first line chemotherapy.Materials and Methods: Records of 376 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients who underwent baseline FDG-PET at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Inclusion criteria were: 1) proven DLBCL; 2) FDG-PET as baseline procedure prior to first-line chemotherapy; 3) no lost follow-up. Demographic data, International Prognostic Index (IPI) and conventional PET imaging parameters were collected. FDG-PET RFs were extracted from the lesion showing the highest uptake (target lesion). A radiomic score to predict PFS and OS was obtained by multivariable Elastic Net Cox model. PFS and OS were explored with the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression methods. Radiomic univariate model, as well as clinical and clinical-radiomic multivariable models for PFS and OS were obtained. Prediction accuracy was evaluated by C-index.Results: One-hundred and twelve (n=112) patients were included (55 females, 57 males, median age 62.3 years). 9/112(8%) were stage-I, 31/112(27.7%) stage-II, 8/112(7.2%) stage-III and 64/112(57.1%) stage-IV. Median follow-up was 34.7 months (IQR 11.3-66.3). Radiomic score resulted significantly associated with both PFS and OS at Cox multivariable analysis (p<0.001), outperforming conventional PET parameters. C-index (95%CI) for PFS prediction were 0.67(0.58-0.76), 0.81(0.75-0.88) and 0.84(0.77-0.91) for clinical, radiomic and clinical-radiomic model, respectively. C-index for OS were 0.77(0.66-0.89), 0.84(0.76-0.91) and 0.90(0.81-0.98). In the Kaplan-Meier analysis on population stratified according to IPI (low-IPI vs high-IPI), the radiomic score was significant predictor of PFS (p<0.001). Conclusion: The radiomic score was significant predictive biomarker of PFS and OS in DLBCL patients. The extraction of RFs from baseline FDG-PET might be proposed in DLBCL to stratify high-risk vs. low-risk patients of relapse after first-line therapy, especially in low-IPI patients.
Long-time dynamics of stochastic reaction-diffusion benthic-drift model with strong Allee effect growth
Authors: Li Qi , Liu Shijia , Gao Yitian , Huang Zaitang
Published: June 2022

In the paper, we consider the long-time dynamics of stochastic reaction-diffusion benthic drift model with strong Allee effect growth. Firstly, we establish the global existence and uniqueness of solutions, persistence and extinction. Secondly, under some suitable conditions , we prove the existence and uniqueness of stationary distribution. Finally, we obtain a large deviation result.
A retrospective study of treatment and outcomes of patients with lymphoma undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Sezgin Merve Gozde , Bektas Hicran
Published: June 2022

PurposeEarly evaluation of symptoms and taking appropriate preventive measures can improve outcomes for patients with lymphoma undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This study was conducted to examine the treatment and outcomes of patients with lymphoma undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. MethodsPatients with lymphoma (n=64) undergoing SCT at a university hospital between June 15, 2018 and June 15, 2020 were selected for retrospective study. The medical treatments of patients were obtained from the records on the Hospital Information Management System database. The study was reported following the STROBE checklist. Standard deviation, arithmetic mean, frequency, percentage test, t-test, chi-square, Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, Independent t-test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 48.25±16.93. Although relapse developed in 26 patients with lymphoma, remission was achieved in 38 patients. The incidence of skin graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) symptoms in patients with relapse was found to be significantly higher than in patients in remission. The most common symptoms seen in patients undergoing stem cell transplantation were oral mucositis, febrile neutropenia, and anemia. Most patients were found to receive oral care, antibiotic treatment, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment following SCT. ConclusionsPatients experienced severe symptoms due to HSCT, and necessary treatment was applied for the symptoms. Further clinical studies must determine the symptoms and patient outcomes associated with SCT.
Epidemiology of nosocomial Staphylococcus epidermidis and Acinetobacter baumannii infections in a Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Nayeri Fatemeh , Dalili Hosein , Shariat Mamak , Farrokhzad Nahid , Abouhamzeh Kosar , Sahebi Leyla
Published: June 2022

Objective: Outbreaks of nosocomial infections in extreme conditions result in morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate epidemiology of Staphylococcus epidermidis (s. epidermidis) and Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii) outbreaks and, the associated predisposing factors in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 29 cases of nosocomial infection by S. epidermidis, and 33 neonates with A. baumannii in NICU of Valiasr hospital, a tertiary hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2014 and 2017 (within a 45-month period). The medical and demographic information documented by the hospital registry system was used for analyzing. Results: The trend of A. baumannii infection in various years as followed: 1 infection in 2014, 11 in 2015, 20 in 2016 and 1 in 2017. These amounts in S. epidermidis were 7 in 2014, 7 in 2015, 11 in 2016, and 4 in 2017. Mortality proportion (%) in neonates with S. epidermidis and A. baumannii infection was at 8.3 and 32.1, respectively (P-Value=0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between number of infected neonates (A. baumannii and S. epidermidis) in month and average of prescribed antibiotics before incidence of nosocomial infection in every baby in that month (P-Value< 0.003). Fluconazole prescription before incidence of nosocomial infection were associated with the A. baumannii infection in month too (P-Value= 0.04). Amikacin prescription had adjusted correlation on increasing of A. baumannii and E. epidermidis infection in month. Conclusion: It seems hospitalization duration and medication prescriptions management plays an important role in reducing the outbreaks of nosocomial infections
The diurnal emission of floral scent in oncidium hybrid orchid is controlled by CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) through the direct regulation on terpene synthase
Authors: Yeh Chao-Wei , Zhong Hui-Qin , Ho Yung-Feng , Tien Zhi-Hong , Yeh Kai-Wun
Published: June 2022

Background: To adapt the periodic fluctuation of environmental factors, plants are subtle to monitor the natural variation for the growth and development. It is well known that the daily activities and physiological functions in coordination with the natural variation are regulated by circadian clock genes. The circadian emission of floral scents is one of the rhythmic physiological activity controlled by circadian clock genes. Here, we study the circadian emission pattern and molecular mechanism of floral terpenoids compounds (ocimene/linalool) in Oncidium Sharry Baby (Onc. SB) orchid, which were diurnally emitted under light condition. Results: GC-Mass analysis revealed that Onc. SB periodically emitted ocimene and linalool during 6:00AM to 2:00PM daily. Terpene synthase, one of the key gene in the terpenoid biosynthetic pathway is expressed in coordination with scent emission. Investigation on the promoter structure of terpene synthase revealed a circadian binding site (CBS), 5’-AGATTTTT-3’ for the binding motif of CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) transcription factor. EMSA data performed confirms the binding affinity between CCA1 protein and CBS of cis-acting DNA element. It suggests that the diurnal circadian emission of floral scent is controlled by CCA1.Conclusions: The work validates that the mechanism of circadian emission of floral scents in Onc. SB is controlled by the oscillator gene, CCA1(CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1) under light condition. CCA1 transcription factor regulates terpene synthase (TPS) by direct binding on CBS motif, 5’-AGATTTTT-3’ of promoter region. The circadian expression of TPS is the key gene to affect the biosynthesis and emission of floral scent in Onc. Sharry Baby.
Rapid increase of Mediterranean Sea Surface Temperature from 1982 to 2020
Authors: Rasul Azad , Aziz Kaka Jaafar
Published: June 2022

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) considers Mediterranean Sea a climate change hotspot, particularly it is vulnerable to increasing sea surface temperature. The research aimed to highlight the trend of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) of Mediterranean and analysis spatial variability of SST change from 1982 to 2020. Forty years SST of NOAA of AVHRR Pathfinder version 5.3 was deployed in the study. The data is processed in Google Earth Engine, cloud based remote sensing platform. The results display a rapid increase of SST of the sea occurred in mean SST (1.49°C) followed by maximum SST (0.91°C). Spatially, highest increase of SST (1–2°C) mainly happened in the eastern part of the sea. Monthly data indicated the highest increase in mean SST happened during June, July and May by 2.51, 2.28 and 2.23°C, respectively. Increasing of SST affects evapotranspiration, precipitation, and marine life but is also influenced by the increasing salinity of the sea at the same time.
An efficient communication strategy for massively parallel computation in CFD
Authors: Wan YunBo , He Lei , Zhang Yong , Zhao Zhong , Liu Jie , Zhang HaoYuan
Published: June 2022

With the growing computing power of high-performance computers, efficient parallel algorithms are becoming increasingly important in the development of Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD). This research presents a novel parallel strategy based on asynchronous and package communication. This strategy tries to enhance the performance of large-scale computation for realistic complex geometry. The new strategy aggregates all communications and only requires communication once at each iteration step. Convergence of the new strategy is also proved and validated. Three numerical experiments demonstrates the exceptional parallel performance of the novel strategy in simulating complex geometry. When the number of CPU cores approach 26 thousand, strong scale parallel efficiency still remains at 74% based on 10.5 billion mesh elements. With 179,200 CPU cores and 10 billion mesh elements, weak scale parallel efficiency maintains at 90%. This research demonstrates that large-scale parallel computation can be applied efficiently in numerical simulation of a complex aircraft.
The Optimal Screw-hole Positions of The Eccentric Revision Cup Based on A Morphological Study
Authors: zhang yanchao , ma haiyang , liu yang , shen junmin , zhang bohan , zhou yonggang
Published: June 2022

Background: Bridging bone defects in revision total hip arthroplasty is a challenge to orthopedic surgeons. The eccentric revision cup is a progression of jumbo cup. Our aim is to confirm the optimal screw-hole positions of the eccentric revision cup by morphological measurements of three-dimensional pelvic reconstruction. Methods: Eighty CT images were converted to virtual three-dimensional bones. After simulating the surgery procedure, all available screw holes were inserted with the screws in virtual. By measuring the length of the screw in the pelvic bone, we determined the rich bone stock area. Then the screw holes were designed according to the characteristics of bone stock distribution. The peripheral screw-hole cluster and inner screw-hole cluster were studied respectively.Results: For peripheral screw-hole cluster, five screw holes were evenly distributed between point A and point B in the thicker rim. For inner screw-hole cluster, screw hole 1 and screw hole 2 are the recommended inner screw holes.Conclusion: The eccentric revision cup has inherited the strengths of jumbo cup besides several unique advantages, including using the peripheral screws enhancing primary stability; decreasing the shift of hip rotation center and restoring biomechanical function; reducing the risk of dislocation because of the smaller head-cup differences; increasing the contact area between the outer cup and the host bone while maintaining a normal inclination of the inner cup. In this study, we confirmed the optimal screw-hole positions of the eccentric revision cup by surgical simulation and morphological measurement. However, biomechanical tests are still being further explored.