bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contribución de la Educación Superior para la promoción del desarrollo
Authors: Jiménez Anzueto Claudia Lorena
Published: September 2019

La educación superior tiene diferentes propósitos, entre ellos la formación integral, para enseñar la vida humana, para extraer las potencialidades y valores positivos de las personas, para la formación académica. El artículo que se presenta es sobre el análisis de la contribución de la educación superior a la formación académica de los profesionales para la promoción del desarrollo en Guatemala específicamente desde los profesionales graduados de la licenciatura de Administración de Empresas de una de las universidades privadas de Guatemala. Se utilizó la metodología de investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa. En ese sentido, se logró comprobar que para las personas investigadas sí se logra (en un 88%), para los docentes también sí se logra la formación de la educación superior (en un 92%), para la promoción del desarrollo en Guatemala. Con la investigación se logró identificar también que es a partir de metodologías participativas y activas que la universidad logra esos propósitos. Es importante destacar que la educación superior tiene retos insoslayables, actualmente en la sociedad del conocimiento y de la información; estos retos son: de formación técnica y científica, los retos mundiales como ciudadano global, respetuoso de la individualidad y retos humanos en la formación de los valores humanos y sociales, como responsable de la búsqueda de la paz y del bien común. La contribución de la educación superior en los procesos de desarrollo se logran por medio de las estrategias de aprendizaje en donde los estudiantes participen y tengan oportunidades de reflexión.
No somos botín de guerra: un análisis de la violencia sexual en el conflicto armado guatemalteco
Authors: León Sánchez Ana Karen
Published: September 2019

El objetivo de la ponencia es analizar las relaciones entre violencia de género y violencia política en el desarrollo de una practica social genocida reorganizadora. Se centra en analizar la transformación de las relaciones sociales a través de la violencia sexual perpetrada sobre mujeres indígenas guatemaltecas que habitaban el área noroccidental. Durante una guerra, como la que se llevó a cabo en Guatemala, la violencia de género adquiere importancia. Al incorporar el concepto de prácticas sociales genocidas, permite pensar que la violencia de género desde la política –si bien existe una tradición de pensarla desde lo político-, por ello el énfasis en conceptualizarla como violencia política de género. ¿Es que acaso la violencia ejercida en el espacio público difiere tajantemente de la violencia ejercida en el espacio privado? Reconocemos que no hay que perder de vista las especificidades pero, de igual manera, no debemos perder de vista las similitudes y continuidades. La violencia de género debe ser leída en ese sentido: el hecho de que se reproduzca en la esfera privada no significa que sea un asunto “íntimo”; así mismo, el hecho de que se reproduzca en el espacio público no significa que no tenga consecuencias en la cotidianidad que se plantean en el interior de una estructura entre unos grupos y otros. En consecuencia, al analizar los conflictos bélicos con un enfoque de género se evidencia cómo la violencia ha adoptado diversas formas a partir del reconocimiento de los referentes símbolos, como una estrategia política. Las violaciones durante la guerra no se dieron en el vacío ideológico, sino que se sustentaron en la moral sexual.
Memorias del exilio salvadoreño en México, 1975 - 2002
Authors: Salamanca Martínez Elena María
Published: September 2019

El acercamiento al exilio salvadoreño es complejo, pues obedece a una serie de momentos en los que los salvadoreños pidieron refugio en México y otros países a lo largo del siglo XX que aún no han sido abordados dentro de la historiografía nacional. México ha sido receptor de salvadoreños que huían para poner a salvo sus vidas en dos contextos políticos paradigmáticos: durante la presidencia del general Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1931 a 1944), y durante la guerra civil (1980 y 1992). Este trabajo aborda el asilo político conseguido por salvadoreños antes del periodo conocido como guerra civil (1975) y hasta la firma de los acuerdos de paz (1972); en este período al menos un cuarto de millón de salvadoreños recibió el asilo político en México. Se aborda el exilio en la memoria de sus protagonistas, a partir de la historia oral recabada por el archivo de la memoria del exilio latinoamericano en México, y luego ofrezco una valoración de la memoria sobre el exilio en la memoria y la historiografía salvadoreña después de la firma de los Acuerdos de paz de 1992. La experiencia de los exiliados está cargada de singularidades: cultura, cotidianidad, solidaridad política y los factores económicos moldearon los diversos exilios. La transición de la guerraa la paz no significó el regreso para los exiliados. Algunos volvieron al país de origen por breve tiempo y empezaron otros procesos migratorios, ya que los exiliados no eran parte del modelo nacional ni del lenguaje político.
Comadronas guatemaltecas del Siglo XXI: entre Ong´s y el Estado
Authors: Rodríguez Rivera María Fernanda
Published: September 2019

En la ponencia se busca exponer cuáles son los elementos que determinaron la articulación entre la sociedad civil durante el proceso de creación y aprobación de La Política Nacional de Comadronas de los Cuatro Pueblos de Guatemala 2015-2025. Paralelamente, hago énfasis en tres aspectos que se consideran importantes para la investigación histórica: 1) la necesidad de estudiar sujetos que no han sido analizados como actores políticos, en este caso las comadronas; 2) la vinculación de la historia con otras disciplinas como la sociología política, y 3) la importancia del trabajo con documentos visuales y audiovisuales. Considerando las múltiples tensiones que existen, analizo algunas de las alianzas y rupturas realizadas entre los diferentes actores de la sociedad civil (comadronas, universidades, ONG´S, etc.) durante las primeras décadas del siglo XXI. Se concluye que se ha generado un aumento de su participación política a diferentes escalas, lo cual repercute en la manera de acordar alianzas y establecer vínculos con la sociedad política. Para desarrollar el trabajo, se ha apoyado en la metodología propuesta por el LAIS para la investigación social con documentos visuales y audiovisuales. Teóricamente, se retoman los trabajos sobre el Estado y la democracia de Evelina Dagnino y Lucio Oliver, así como los de la Estructura de Oportunidades Políticas y de los Nuevos Movimientos Sociales de Touraine, Melucci y Tarrow.
Complicaciones maternas neonatales en pacientes preeclámpticas
Authors: Mariscal Chacón Paola Tatiana
Published: September 2019

Preeclampsia es un síndrome específico del embarazo que puede afectar a todos los sistemas orgánicos, se define como el estado hipertensivo acompañado de proteinuria el cual puede llevar a serias complicaciones e incluso a la muerte tanto de la madre como del feto o neonato. En países en vías de desarrollo, una mujer tiene siete veces más probabilidades de desarrollar preeclampsia, comparado con una mujer que vive en un país desarrollado. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 196 pacientes preeclámpticas y sus complicaciones maternas neonatales atendidas en el Hospital Regional de Zacapa, Guatemala, en los años 2013 a 2017. De las 196 pacientes preeclámpticas el 44% presentó complicaciones, siendo las más frecuentes el parto pretérmino con 37%, el síndrome de Hellp con el 30%, eclampsia 10% y oligohidramnios 10%. No se presentó ningún caso de muerte materna. De los 196 hijos de madres preeclámpticas el 61% presentaron complicaciones, las más frecuentes fueron bajo peso al nacer con 21.5%, pequeño para edad gestacional 20.6%, restricción del crecimiento intrauterino con 20.3% y prematurez 12.9%.
Características microbiológicas de sepsis neonatal
Authors: Villeda Salguero Sandra Maribel
Published: September 2019

Sepsis neonatal es un síndrome clínico caracterizado por signos sistémicos de infección, ocasionados por la invasión de agentes patógenos dentro del torrente sanguíneo. El aislamiento de bacterias mediante el hemocultivo es el estándar de oro para confirmar su diagnóstico. El diagnóstico debe ser precoz y el tratamiento debe iniciarse antes de tener resultados de hemocultivo basándose en los microorganismos más comunes de la localidad. El Hospital Nacional de Chiquimula no siempre cuenta con el recurso para la realización de hemocultivo a los pacientes, por lo que se desconoce el perfil microbiológico y patrones de resistencia local, por lo cual se decidió realizar un estudio descriptivo transversal en los meses de junio y julio del año 2018 con el fin de determinar las características microbiológicas de sepsis neonatal, su patrón de sensibilidad y resistencia antimicrobiana, tomando en cuenta 80 pacientes con diagnóstico de sepsis neonatal o sospecha de sepsis neonatal a quienes se les realizó un hemocultivo antes de iniciar tratamiento antibiótico. El diagnóstico de los pacientes se realizó basado en los antecedentes maternos y las alteraciones hematológicas del paciente. Los 80 hemocultivos fueron negativos a los siete días de incubación por lo que lo que no fue posible conocer los microorganismos causantes de sepsis neonatal, sensibilidad y resistencia antimicrobiana, sin embargo se observó mejoría en el 81% de los pacientes con el tratamiento antibiótico empírico utilizado, se logró comprobar que el tratamiento empírico utilizado en el Hospital Nacional de Chiquimula continua siendo eficaz en los pacientes con sepsis neonatal.
Riesgo epidemiológico de desarrollar diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Reyes López Julio Adan
Published: September 2019

El riesgo de padecer diabetes se viene estudiando desde que se descubrió dicha patología. En Europa se ha utilizado el test FINDRISC para tamizar a los pacientes con alto riesgo de desarrollar diabetes. Estudio descriptivo transversal que se realizó en 374 pacientes escogidos mediante muestreo probabilístico, aleatorio simple, que acudieron al Centro de Salud de San Jacinto, Chiquimula. El objetivo fue evaluar el nivel de riesgo de desarrollar diabetes mellitus tipo 2 dentro de 10 años en la población a través del test FINDRISC. El nivel de riesgo para desarrollar diabetes de la población más frecuente fue el riesgo ligeramente elevado con 29.4% (n=110), el riesgo alto con 25.2%(n=94) y el riesgo muy alto con 7.5% (n=28), el sexo más afectado fue el femenino con 73% (n=69) de casos en riesgo alto y 82% (n=23) casos de riesgo muy alto, el grupo etario más afectado para un riesgo alto fueron los menores de 45 años con 34% (n=32) y para un riesgo muy alto, entre 55 a 64 años con 36% (n=10). Las 3 causas más frecuentes con riesgo alto de desarrollar diabetes, fueron: la falta de consumo de frutas y/o verduras con 35% (n=33), falta de actividad física durante 30 minutos al día, con 33% (n=31) y un nivel alto de glucosa en el control médico (prediabetes) con 32% (n=30). Para el riesgo muy alto, la herencia predominó con 35.7% (n=10), seguido de un nivel alto de glucosa con 35.7% (n=10), y la falta de actividad física con 28.6% (n=8). Se determinó que 59 pacientes de la muestra desarrollarán diabetes por lo que, de 13,089 pobladores, el 15.96% (n=2,089) la desarrollarán dentro de 10 años, datos calculados a partir de resultados obtenidos del test FINDRISC.
Design, synthesis and investigation of water-soluble hemi‑indigo photoswitches for bioapplications
Authors: Berdnikova Daria V
Published: September 2019

A series of hemi-indigo derivatives was synthesized and their photoswitching properties in aqueous medium were studied. The dimethoxy hemi-indigo derivative with the best photochromic performance in water was identified as a promising platform for the development of photoswitchable binders for biomolecules. The synthetic approach towards the introduction of the alkylamino pendant to the dimethoxy hemi-indigo core was developed that allowed to obtain an RNA-binding hemi-indigo derivative with photoswitchable fluorescent properties.
Active Galactic Nuclei Feedback at the Parsec Scale
Authors: Bu De-Fu , Yang Xiao-Hong
Published: September 2019

We perform simulations to study the effects of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) radiation and wind feedback on the properties of slowly rotating accretion flow at the parsec scale. We find that when only radiative feedback is considered, outflows can be produced by the radiation pressure due to Thomson scattering. The mass flux of outflow is comparable to that of inflow. Although strong outflow is present, the luminosity of the AGN can be easily super-Eddington. When wind feedback is also taken into account, the mass flux of outflow does not change much. Consequently, the luminosity of the central AGN can still be super-Eddington. However, observations show that the luminosity of most AGNs is sub-Eddington. Some other mechanisms are needed to reduce the AGNs’ luminosity. Although the mass outflow rate is not changed much by wind feedback, other properties of outflow (the density, temperature, velocity, and kinetic power) can be significantly changed by wind feedback. In the presence of wind feedback, the density of outflow becomes significantly lower, the temperature of outflow becomes significantly higher, the velocity of outflow is increased by one order of magnitude, and the kinetic power of outflow is increased by a factor of 40–100.
Galactic Cosmic Rays Modulation in the Vicinity of Corotating Interaction Regions: Observations During the Last Two Solar Minima
Authors: Ghanbari Keyvan , Florinski Vladimir , Guo Xiaocheng , Hu Qiang , Leske Richard
Published: September 2019

Corotating interaction regions (CIRs) are responsible for short-term recurrent cosmic-ray modulation, prominent near solar minima. Using the OMNI data sets for two periods of low solar activity near the beginning and end of solar cycle 24, superposed epoch analysis was performed on the solar wind plasma features for 53 and 43 events during periods 2007–2008 and 2017–2018, respectively. Turbulent properties of the solar wind were studied using the variance method for each CIR. Power spectra have been constructed for overlapped subintervals in the vicinity of stream interfaces (SIs). Using measured correlation lengths and turbulent energies, parallel and perpendicular diffusion mean free paths for cosmic-ray ions have been inferred based on two distinct theoretical formulations. For the two periods with opposite solar polarities, our results show that unlike solar wind speed, magnetic field strength, flow pressure, and proton density are relatively higher during the latest period. Increased turbulent energy and reduced parallel transport coefficients of energetic particles at the SIs are observed. The diffusion coefficients follow the same trends during both periods. The perpendicular diffusion starts increasing nearly a day before SIs and is higher in the fast wind. Superposed epoch analysis is performed on the >120 MeV proton count rate obtained from the CRIS instrument on board the ACE spacecraft for the same events. The recorded proton rates have peaks half a day before a SI and reach their minimum more than a day after a SI and have a high anticorrelation with the perpendicular diffusion coefficient.
Fermi-GBM Follow-up of LIGO-Virgo Binary Black Hole Mergers: Detection Prospects
Authors: Veres P. , Canton T. Dal , Burns E. , Goldstein A. , Littenberg T. B. , Christensen N. , Preece R. D.
Published: September 2019

Fermi-Gamma-ray Burst Monitor observed a 1 s long gamma-ray signal (GW150914-GBM) starting 0.4 s after the first gravitational-wave detection from the binary black hole (BH) merger GW150914. GW150914-GBM is consistent with a short gamma-ray burst origin; however, no unambiguous claims can be made as to the physical association of the two signals due to a combination of low gamma-ray flux and the unfavorable location of Fermi-GBM. Here we answer the following question: if GW150914 and GW150914-GBM were associated, how many LIGO-Virgo binary BH mergers would Fermi-GBM have to follow up to detect a second source? To answer this question, we perform simulated observations of binary BH mergers with LIGO-Virgo and adopt different scenarios for gamma-ray emission from the literature. We calculate the ratio of simulated binary BH mergers detected by LIGO-Virgo to the number of gamma-ray counterpart detections by Fermi-GBM, the BBH-to-GRB ratio. A large majority of the models considered here predict a BBH-to-GRB ratio in the range of 5–20, but for optimistic cases it can be as low as 2, while for pessimistic assumptions it can be as high as 700. Hence, we expect that the third observing run, with its high rate of binary BH detections and assuming the absence of a joint detection, will provide strong constraints on the presented models.
In Situ Measurements of the Variable Slow Solar Wind near Sector Boundaries
Authors: Sanchez-Diaz E. , Rouillard A. P. , Lavraud B. , Kilpua E. , Davies J. A.
Published: September 2019

The release of density structures at the tip of the coronal helmet streamers, likely as a consequence of magnetic reconnection, contributes to the mass flux of the slow solar wind (SSW). In situ measurements in the vicinity of the heliospheric plasma sheet of the magnetic field, protons, and suprathermal electrons reveal details of the processes at play during the formation of density structures near the Sun. In a previous article, we exploited remote-sensing observations to derive a 3D picture of the dynamic evolution of a streamer. We found evidence of the recurrent and continual release of dense blobs from the tip of the streamers. In the present paper, we interpret in situ measurements of the SSW during solar maximum. Through both case and statistical analysis, we show that in situ signatures (magnetic field magnitude, smoothness and rotation, proton density, and suprathermal electrons, in the first place) are consistent with the helmet streamers producing, in alternation, high-density regions (mostly disconnected) separated by magnetic flux ropes (mostly connected to the Sun). This sequence of emission of dense blobs and flux ropes also seems repeated at smaller scales inside each of the high-density regions. These properties are further confirmed with in situ measurements much closer to the Sun using Helios observations. We conclude on a model for the formation of dense blobs and flux ropes that explains both the in situ measurements and the remote-sensing observations presented in our previous studies.
Understanding Uniturbulence: Self-cascade of MHD Waves in the Presence of Inhomogeneities
Authors: Magyar N. , Van Doorsselaere T. , Goossens M.
Published: September 2019

It is widely accepted in the MHD turbulence community that the nonlinear cascade of wave energy requires counterpropagating Alfvénic wave packets, along some mean magnetic field. This fact is an obvious outcome of the MHD equations under the assumptions of incompressibility and homogeneity. Despite attempts to relax these assumptions in the context of MHD turbulence, the central idea of turbulence generation persists. However, once the assumptions of incompressiblity and homogeneity break down, the generally accepted picture of turbulent cascade generation is not universal. In this paper, we show that perpendicular inhomogeneities (across the mean magnetic field) lead to propagating wave solutions that are necessarily described by co-propagating Elsässer fields, already in the incompressible case. One simple example of these wave solutions is the surface Alfvén wave on a planar discontinuity across the magnetic field. We show through numerical simulations how the nonlinear self-deformation of these unidirectionally propagating waves leads to a cascade of wave energy across the magnetic field. The existence of this type of unidirectional cascade might have an additional strong effect on the turbulent dissipation rate of dominantly outward-propagating Alfvénic waves in structured plasma, as in the solar corona and solar wind.
The Antibiotic sensitivity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a 5-year period and investigation of clonal outbreak with PFGE
Authors: Çalışkan Ahmet , Çopur Çicek Ayşegül , Aydogan Ejder Nebahat , Karagöz Alper , Kirişci Özlem , Kılıç Selçuk
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which is able to form a biofilm, has mostly been related to catheters when it is the agent in hospital infections; these infections generally present as bacteremia and pneumonia, which may progress with complications and result in death.

Methodology: The study included 153 S. maltophilia strains isolated from clinical samples sent to our hospital laboratory between 1 January 2014 and 30 June 2018. The bacteria were identified and their antibiotic sensitivity was determined using the VITEK-2 automated system. PFGE (Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis): The strains isolated from 34 patient clinical samples and from 1 patient bedcover were taken for PFGE examination.

Results: The TMP/SXT and levofloxacin sensitivity of 153 S. maltophilia strains was examined. TMP/SXT resistance was determined to be 39% and levofloxacin resistance at 5%. Among 35 S. maltophilia strains, seven genotypes were identified using the PFGE method. While three strains showed a specific genotype profile, the other 32 were determined to consist of four clusters. The cluster rate was therefore 91.4% (32/35).

Conclusions: There was a clonal relationship between the vast majority of the 35 S. maltophilia isolates, which suggests that there was a cross-contamination problem in the hospital. One strain (#4) was identified by dendrogram analysis showed a high rate of similarity to the other strains and was determined to be the common source of the cross-contamination.
Performance of a new in-house medium Carba MTL-broth for the rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Mairi Assia , Touati Abdelaziz , Pantel Alix , Dunyach-Remy Catherine , Sotto Albert , De Champs Christophe , Lavigne Jean-Philippe
Published: September 2019

Introduction: The spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) represents a major public health issue. Methods allowing rapid detection of carbapenemases in developing countries are therefore urgently needed. In the current study, we developed a new in-house medium for the rapid detection of CPE isolates, especially OXA-48 producers.

Methodology: A panel of 144 clinical strains previously characterized was tested on in-house Carba MTL-broth medium using four different concentrations of ertapenem (0.5 to 2 mg/L), and compared to chromID® OXA-48 and chromID® CARBA (BioMérieux) media.

Results: Comparative evaluation of the Carba MTL-broth with chromID® OXA-48 and chromID® CARBA showed that chromID® OXA-48 and Carba MTL-broth had the highest sensitivity for detection of OXA-48 producers (93.9% and 100%, respectively) comparatively to chromID® CARBA (21.2%). The chromID® OXA-48 had the highest specificity (100%), as compared to the Carba MTL-broth (65.5%) and chromID® CARBA (84.4%) for the detection of OXA-48 producers.

Conclusions: The in-house Carba MTL-broth developed in this study is sensitive, inexpensive, an easy-to-use phenotypic method for the detection of OXA-48-producing enterobacteria. Given the burden of pan-drug resistance, its implementation in the microbiology laboratory of developing countries could be a useful tool for rapid detection of these bacteria.
Pentraxin 3: A Potential Novel Predictor for Neonatal Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: El Wakeel Maged A. , Sabry Rania N. , El-kassas Ghada M. , Abd El-Gaffar Shereen A. , El batal Wael H. , Galal Essam M. , Azmy Ashraf , Awadallah Eman
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a serious neonatal problem which has a high mortality rate even with advanced modes of mechanical ventilation. Pentraxin 3 is one of the long pentraxins, which plays an essential role in regulation of cell proliferation and angiogenesis.
AIM: This study aims to assess serum pentraxin 3 levels in neonates with pulmonary arterial hypertension and compare them in those who have other congenital heart diseases and healthy neonates. Also, we intended to evaluate serum levels of CRP as a mediator of inflammation in the studied groups.
METHODS: The study is a case-control study. Cases were recruited from El Galaa Teaching Hospital, classified into three groups; each group had thirty cases. The first one: cases with pulmonary hypertension (PHT), the second one: cases with congenital heart diseases (CHD) without pulmonary hypertension and the third group included healthy neonates. All participants were subjected to full history taking and full clinical examination. Diagnosis of congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension was made according to echocardiographic findings by pediatric cardiologist using echocardiography machine. Laboratory investigations included measurement of serum pentraxin 3, Routine CBC, CRP.
RESULTS: This study found that the mean serum pentraxin 3 in PHT neonates was significantly higher than that of the control and CHD neonates (p ≤ 0.001, p = 0.02 respectively). Also, the mean Pentraxin3 of the CHD neonates was significantly higher than that of the control (p = 0.06). Also, the mean CRP of the PHT neonates was significantly higher than that of the control (p = 0.01). Regression analysis showed that Pentraxin3 was the main predictor of PAP (P = 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Serum pentraxin 3 is significantly elevated in neonates with pulmonary hypertension, so measurement of pentraxin 3 levels in neonates may be valuable as a predictor for pulmonary hypertension in neonates.
The place of Carabidae in the biosphere – a network approach
Authors: Pozsgai Gabor , Ben Fekih Ibtissem , Lovei Gabor
Published: September 2019

Whereas they are of high ecological, conservation, and agricultural importance, ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are amongst the organisms declining rapidly as a result of human activities. Since they are part of a complex ecological network –in which other taxa’s survival may depend on them, or they may depend on other taxa –in the case of their, hypothetical, extinction these connections would be impaired. In order to gain insight how different taxa would be affected by the extinction of carabids, and thus, how ecosystem functions would be altered, we conceptualised a network between ground beetles and all other organisms they are directly connected with. We used published literature data in building our network, thus interaction occurrences are likely to be skewed by research interest. Based on a single database search, we found 238 carabid species interacting with 395 other species, including plants (72), fungi (53), animals (286), and 7 other Eucaryota. Of the 817 described interactions, in 235 cases, carabids were prey, mostly for birds and mammals. Hosting ectoparasites was the second most frequent relationship, with 144 connections. Most of these connections were to Laboulbeniales fungi. Further, detailed searches on carabid – fungus relationshipsyielded over 700 different interactions. Carabids were listed to consume 88 other taxa, including many plants; an additional 200 records refer to seed predation by ground beetles, mostly from the Zabrini and Harpalini tribes. The specificity of seed dispersal, and therefore assessing the extent plant species depend on carabids was not possiblefrom this database. Carabids also visit flowers and even pollinate them in 12 cases. Amara, Harpalus and Cicindela genera had the most records of interactions with other species. Although this list of interactions between Carabidae and other taxa is incomplete, it shows that many other organisms can depend on ground beetles, and some (mostly fungi) have specific relationship with them. The apparent information gaps on symbiotic and competitive interactions, and the geographical bias towards Europe and North America open doors for further research in these areas.
Orfej med živalmi na ptujskem Orfejevem spomeniku – upodobitev ekfraze Filostrata Mlajšega?
Authors: Šmid Katarina
Published: September 2019

Prispevek obravnava osrednji prizor Orfeja med živalmi na Orfejevem spomeniku na Ptuju (rimska Petoviona) in njegovo ujemanje s sliko, ki jo opisuje Filostrat Mlajši v svojem delu Εἰκόνες in ki naj bi visela v neki zasebni galeriji v Neapolisu. Filostratova ekfraza naj bi se ikonografsko ujemala z relativno redko zastopano skupino II b iz motivne klasifikacije Henrija Sterna, Orfej pa naj bi sodil v t. i. frigijski tip. Po Sternu je osnovni zgled za to skupino tabelna slika, ki jo opisuje Filostrat Mlajši, ali pa morebiti neka starejša slika, ki je vplivala nanjo. Kot najboljše primerjave so bili izpostavljeni mozaiki iz Blanzy-lès-Fismesa, neznanega najdišča v severni Siriji in Shahbe. Tudi nekatere živali, ki so upodobljene na Orfejevem spomeniku (lev, merjasec, volk, ovca, ptice), in drugi detajli (drevesne veje, ki se bočijo nad prizorom in na katerih sedijo ptice) so pri Filostratu izrecno omenjeni, glasbenikova drža pa se v vseh podrobnostih ujema tako s skoraj vsemi primerki iz skupine II b kot tudi s Filostratovo ekfrazo.
Podoba samogibljive skulpture malika, mehaničnega čudesa ali »avtomata« na Kranjskem oltarju
Authors: Vuga Jure
Published: September 2019

Na dveh ohranjenih lesenih tablah t. i. Kranjskega oltarja, krilnega oltarja župnijske cerkve sv. Kancijana v Kranju (Belvedere, Dunaj), sta upodobljena beg in mučeništvo svetnikov Kancija, Kancijana, Kancijanile in Prota, ki so pobegnili iz Rima in zavrnili čaščenje Jupitrovega kipa. Rumeno obarvan kovinski kipec malika na prizoru njihovega mučeništva je umetnik upodobil na zobatem kolesu, ki ob vrtenju povzroča zvončkljanje kraguljčkov na štirih navpičnih oseh ob robovih kapitela. Slikarjev namen je bil poudariti poznavanje legendarnih zgodb o gibljivih skulpturah, ki zvonijo z zvonci, kot so Salvatio Romae (opisani v vodnikih za romarje, znanih kot Mirabilia Urbis). Z mehaničnimi čudesi, ki so se razširila po Evropi v 15. in zgodnjem 16. stoletju, so najpogosteje opremili mestne ure in orgle. Mojster Kranjskega oltarja je zelo verjetno nekaj časa bival v Nürnbergu, kjer je na lastne oči videl še danes ohranjene gibljive figure, ki so del urnega mehanizma na pročelju tamkajšnje Marijine cerkve
Apogeotropic variant of horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: Where are the particles?
Authors: Ramos Bernardo Faria , Cal Renato , Brock Camila Martins , Mangabeira Albernaz Pedro Luiz , Zuma e Maia Francisco
Published: September 2019

The apogeotropic variant of horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (HC-BPPV) is attributed to free floating particles in the anterior arm of the lateral semicircular canal – particles attached to the cupula facing the canal or particles attached to the cupula facing the utricle. Zuma e Maia described a new treatment for both canalithiasis of the anterior arm of the horizontal semicircular canal (HC) and cupulolithiasis of the HC. Seventeen patients with apogeotropic HC-BPPV were enrolled and treated with Zuma’s Maneuver. During the repositioning of the particles to the utricule, we observed the direction of the nystagmus evoked in each step of this maneuver in order to know where the otoliths were probably located. Eight patients were diagnosed with canalithiasis of the anterior arm, six patients with cupulolithiasis with the particles facing the canal and three patients with cupulolithiasis with the particles facing the utricle. Our data suggest that we can assume where the otoliths are probably located by observing the pattern of the nystagmus evoked in each step of the Zuma’s Maneuver in patients with apogeotropic HC-BPPV.
Rational number understanding: The big picture, not the essence
Authors: Brown Bruce
Published: September 2019

Background: The learning of rational numbers is a complex and difficult process that begins in the early grades. This teaching often focuses on the mastery of essential knowledge, including particular skills (e.g. using fractions to describe part–whole diagrams) and interpretations (e.g. sharing), which often results in an incomplete and inflexible understanding of these numbers.Aim: This article proposes a holistic and relational perspective on rational number knowing and sense-making.Setting: This possibility emerged through research into the learning of rational number concepts by Foundation Phase and Grade 4 children.Methods: This research forms part of an ongoing, in-depth, exploratory research programme into the processes of learning rational numbers. Clinical interviews and classroom observations were the primary methods of data collection and an in-depth, constant comparative method of analysis was performed on the data.Results: Thinking relevant to rational numbers was identified within four different perspectives through which children make sense of their interactions with the world, namely, social, instrumental, personal and symbolic sense-making.Conclusion: The learning of rational numbers may be usefully seen as arising from the interrelation of multiple aspects of knowing and doing that develop as children balance these different ways of sense-making.
Optimal embeddings into Lorentz spaces for some vector differential operators via Gagliardo’s lemma
Authors: Spector Daniel , Van Schaftingen Jean
Published: September 2019

We prove a family of Sobolev inequalities of the form

\Vert u \Vert_{L^{\frac{n}{n-1}, 1} (\mathbb{R}^n,V)} \le C \Vert A (D) u \Vert_{L^1 (\mathbb{R}^n,E)}

where

A (D) : C^\infty_c (\mathbb{R}^n, V) \to C^\infty_c (\mathbb{R}^n, E)

is a vector first-order homogeneous linear differential operator with constant coefficients,

u

is a vector field on

\mathbb{R}^n

and

L^{\frac{n}{n - 1}, 1} (\mathbb{R}^{n})

is a Lorentz space. These new inequalities imply in particular the extension of the classical Gagliardo–Nirenberg inequality to Lorentz spaces originally due to Alvino and a sharpening of an inequality in terms of the deformation operator by Strauss (Korn–Sobolev inequality) on the Lorentz scale. The proof relies on a nonorthogonal application of the Loomis–Whitney inequality and Gagliardo's lemma.
On one variant of strongly nonlinear Gagliardo–Nirenberg inequality involving Laplace operator with application to nonlinear elliptic problems
Authors: Choczewski Tomasz , Kalamajska Agnieszka
Published: September 2019

We obtain the inequality

\int_{\Omega}|\nabla u(x)|^ph(u(x))dx\leq C(n,p)\int_{\Omega} \left( \sqrt{ |\Delta u(x)||{\mathcal T}_{h,C}(u(x))|}\right)^{p}h(u(x))dx,

where

\Omega\subset \mathbb R^n

is a bounded Lipschitz domain,

u\in W^{2,1}_{\mathrm {loc}}(\Omega)

is positive and obeys some additional assumptions,

\Delta u

is the Laplace operator,

{\mathcal T}_{h,C}(\cdot)

is certain transformation of the continuous function

h(\cdot)

. We also explain how to apply such inequality to deduce regularity for solutions of nonlinear eigenvalue problems of elliptic type for degenerated PDEs, with the illustration within the model of electrostatic micromechanical systems (MEMS).
Counting rational points and lower bounds for Galois orbits
Authors: Schmidt Harry
Published: September 2019

In this article we present a new method to obtain polynomial lower bounds for Galois orbits of torsion points of one dimensional group varieties.
Linear functionals on variable exponent Bochner–Lebesgue spaces
Authors: Castillo René Erlín , Guzmán Oscar M. , Rafeiro Humberto
Published: September 2019

We characterize the linear functionals on variable exponent Bochner–Lebesgue spaces in terms of the variable exponent Riesz bounded variation spaces for vector measures, which are introduced in this paper.
Системы представителей
Authors: Коваленко Кирилл Дмитриевич , Kovalenko Kirill Dmitrievich , Райгородский Андрей Михайлович , Raigorodskii Andrei Mikhailovich
Published: September 2019

В настоящей работе получены нижние и верхние оценки
на размер $\zeta(n,r,s,k)$ минимальной системы общих представителей
для системы наборов $k$-элементных множеств. Под $\zeta(n,r,s,k)$
подразумевается максимальный по всем системам
$\Sigma=\{M_1,…,M_r\}$ множеств $M_i$,
состоящих из не менее $s$ подмножеств $\{1,…,n\}$
мощности не более $k$, минимальный размер
системы общих представителей $\Sigma$. Полученные результаты
обобщают доказанные ранее оценки величины $\zeta(n,r,s,1)$.
Библиография: 15 названий.
О сходимости рядов Франклина к $+\infty$
Authors: Геворкян Гегам Григорьевич , Gevorkyan Gegham Grigor'evich
Published: September 2019

Доказывается, что частичные суммы ряда по системе Франклина
с номерами $2^{\mu}$, $\mu\in \mathbb{N}$,
не могут стремиться к $+\infty$ на множестве положительной меры.
В частности, ряд Франклина на множестве положительной меры
не может сходиться к $+\infty$.
Библиография: 15 названий.
О степени гильбертовых полиномов производных функторов
Authors: Сареми Еро , Saremi Hero , Мафи Амир , Mafi Amir
Published: September 2019

Пусть $(R,\mathfrak m)$ - $d$-мерное локальное кольцо
Коэна-Маколея, $I$ - $\mathfrak{m}$-примарный идеал
и $J$ - минимальный идеал редукции для $I$. Если $M$ -
максимальный $R$-модуль Коэна-Маколея, то для достаточно
больших $n$ и $1\le i\le d$ длины модулей
$\operatorname{Ext}^i_R(R/J,M/I^nM)$
и $\operatorname{Tor}_i^R(R/J,M/I^nM)$ -
полиномы степени $d-1$. Кроме того, показано, что
$$
\operatorname{deg}\beta_i^R(M/I^nM)
=\operatorname{deg}\mu^i_R(M/I^nM)=d-1,
$$
где $\beta_i^R( \cdot )$ и $\mu^i_R( \cdot )$ - $i$-е число Бетти
и $i$-е число Басса, соответственно.
Библиография: 14 названий.
Inflight Aerodynamic Parameter Estimation for Fixed Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Jaganraj R. , Velu R.
Published: September 2019

This paper presents the frame work for aerodynamic parameter estimation for small fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The recent development in autopilot hardware for small UAV enables the in-flight data collection of flight characteristics. A methodology is outlined to collect, process and arrive at a conclusion from the in-flight data using commercial flight controller of under 2kg (micro) fixed wing aircraft, â€˜VAF01â€™ for which a Fault Detection and Identification (FDI) system is under development. As a part of the FDI, the linear longitudinal (3 DOF) aerodynamic model is developed and in-flight experimental data is used to estimate the longitudinal aerodynamic parameters. The Flight Path Reconstruction is completed with the acquired parameters from in-flight experiments and results are discussed for further utilization of them.
Wear Behaviour and Metallurgical Characteristics of Aluminium, Copper and Zinc Alloys
Authors: Krishnamoorthy A. , Sivashankari P. , Prakash S.
Published: September 2019

This paper explains about obtaining the optimum result in the wear by reinforcing aluminium, copper and zinc alloys. The parent material used is aluminium oxide reinforced with silicon carbide, copper and zinc at different composition. The process carried out for fabricating the sample is powder metallurgy method. The results are analysed by both wear characteristics and metallurgical characteristics. The microstructure of the prepared alloys was studied using the metallurgical characteristics SEM analysis to know the elements used in the material. The wear rate was observed by using the pin on disc tester and co-efficient of the friction was studied. The optimum result of wear obtained for the composition of aluminium oxide, copper, zinc and silicon carbide is 0.36% and the optimum result of co-efficient of friction is obtained for the composition of aluminium oxide, copper and zinc is 0.86.
Morphological and Mechanical Characteristics of Hybrid Aluminium Matrix Composites
Authors: Pugazhenthi R. , Sivaganesan S. , Dhansekaran C. , Parthiban A.
Published: September 2019

In emerging trend day by day the world facing lot of new invention in automobiles and aerospace industries. They need new smart materials lighter in weight, tensile strength and hardness with good thermal shock resistance compared to available conventional metals. Especially the aluminium based Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) materials can provide these properties. In this research article an attempt is made to find the mechanical properties and morphological of the aluminium alloys of Al 356 mixed with silicon carbide particles (SiCp) and Mica. All these three different MMCs were fabricated in stir casting method. Their tensile strengths are studied and compared with the help of Vickers micro hardness tester and tensile testing machine. The morphological characteristics are tested and compared with the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDAX) optical microscopy. The tensile strength and hardness of MMCs were comparatively increased than the aluminium alloys.
Enhancement of Vehicle Wheel Vibration Level by using active Camber angle based on a Double Wishbone System
Authors: Emam A.S. , Mohamed Eid S.
Published: September 2019

Active camber angle position systems for vehicle wheel alignments can better regulate the wheel camber angle position in different operating conditions of vehicles. The aim of this work is to illustrate the application of active camber angle position theory. A prototype of one wheel equipped by the double wishbone suspension system and the variable camber angle control with suspension system concept is proposed. Active camber system uses a linear actuator with Arduino microcontroller. A comparative study was done on wheel vibration characteristics of the conventional camber system (passive system) and active system. The experimental results and analysis show that the vibration signature is influenced by the camber angle position. It is found that the vibration signal increases when the vehicle wheel speed and normal load are increased. Moreover, the results indicate that the root mean square (RMS) of vehicle wheel vibration is improved by 17.78%, 38.6% and 49.63% at wheel speed of 250 rpm, 500 rpm and 750 rpm respectively by using the proposed active camber angle. The vehicle wheel vibration behaviour with active camber angles is likely to be optimum under the different wheel operating conditions.
Computational Analysis of Straight Nozzle: Technical Note
Authors: Ferdaus F. , Sridhar R. , Sathishkumar G. , Sivabalan S.
Published: September 2019

Most of the modern aircraft and military aircraft are powered by the modern gas turbine engine. They have nozzles to produce the required speed. Depending upon the required exit Mach number, a nozzle can be designed to be used for subsonic and supersonic flows. For the sonic flows, the convergent nozzle is used and for supersonic flows a convergentâ€“divergent (CD) nozzle is used. In a CD nozzle, a straight nozzle flow is accelerated from low subsonic to sonic velocity at the throat and further expanded to supersonic velocities at the exit. This paper focuses on designing a straight nozzle to attain super-sonic flow and optimizing it to achieve maximum thrust without flow separation due to shock waves. This research also confirms that at which angle of deflection on the divergent portion produces more speed. The flow conditions were selected in view of the pressure, temperature and gases that are accessible at the exit of the combustion chamber. At the exit of the nozzle, the shock induced flow separation due to, over, under and optimum expansion conditions were studied.
Numerical Investigation of Toggle Assembly of Landing Gears in Aircraft: Technical note
Authors: Gopalakrishnan T. , Saravanan R. , Karunakaran K.
Published: September 2019

In aircraft design functional components are of top priority. This numerical investigation is used for evaluating the fulfilment of strength requirement of the landing gear toggle assembly. The landing gear is the structure which supports the aircraft and helps in taxiing, take-off and landing of the aircraft. Hence it is suffered by more fatigue load than the other applications. The replacement of steel to aluminium was investigated. Every part is individually analysed and its part with sub-assemblies also investigated.
Computational Analysis of Mixing in Scramjet Combustor using Cross Flow Injection Technique
Authors: Hasen D. , Karthikeyan R. , Sundararaj M. , Parammasivam K. M.
Published: September 2019

The prime issue in supersonic combustion is proper mixing within short duration of time. Computational study has been performed to analyse the mixing of air and fuel using cross flow injection technique. Cross flow injection is performed by placing the fuel injectors on the walls of the scramjet engine which is perpendicular to the flow. To enhance the mixing of fuel and air, cavities were introduced. The flow recirculation inside the cavity will enhance the mixing and combustion. The fuel injectors were placed just upstream of the cavity. Analyses were done by changing the injection angles. The air is allowed to enter at different Mach numbers and the changes were analysed using ANSYS software. The roles of cavity cross flow injection, pressure, temperature, velocity and Mach number variation were examined in this study and the obtained results were compared between various configurations.
Acompanhamento de egressos de internação psiquiátrica no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Ponta do Coral
Authors: Feisther Lyandra Caroline , Barbosa Mayara Ventura , Barbosa Sarah Soares , Favero Caroline Polleto , Will Samanta Felippe , Rodrigues Jeferson , Pires Ingrid Silva
Published: September 2019

Estudo com o objetivo de relatar a contribuição das estratégias de acompanhamento e efetivação do fluxo de atenção para os egressos de internação em hospital psiquiátrico no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS). Nos resultados, 496 usuários egressos de internação psiquiátrica foram contatados, destes 95 compareceram ao CAPS, 22 reinternaram-se, 108 compareceram a outro ponto da Rede de Saúde, 89 foram internados por problemas relacionados ao uso e abuso de substâncias psicoativas, 19 recusaram-se a comparecer ao CAPS II, 93 telefones não foram atendidos, e 70 outros casos. Conclui-se que a efetivação do fluxo para acompanhamento de egressos necessita de inovação com planos de gestão em saúde mental que incluam este tema, construções coletivas de instrumentos com indicadores de acompanhamento no sistema de informação, inovação na elaboração de recursos tecnológicos como plataforma digital com acesso em tempo real pelos profissionais de serviços distintos e envolvidos.
Processos de sândi vocálico externo em Lung’Ie considerando acento e tom
Authors: Agostinho Ana Lívia
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho investiga os contextos em que ocorrem processos de sândi vocálico externo em Lung’Ie, uma língua crioula de base portuguesa falada na Príncipe Island, São Tomé e Príncipe, e sua relação com o sistema suprassegmental da língua. Através da análise da relação entre acento e tom nos processos de sândi, esta pesquisa pretende demonstrar que o padrão tonal do Lung’Ie, tal como descrito por Maurer (2009), não bloqueia o fenômeno, que é bloqueado em determinados contextos de acento. A contribuição desta pesquisa envolve a compreensão do sistema suprassegmental do Lung’Ie e da relação das categorias de tom e acento na língua.