bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The First Insight into Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup Prediction for a Population Originating from Medieval Bosnia
Authors: Kalajdzic Abdurahim , Pojskic Naris , Ahmic Adisa , Miralem Merima , Lasic Lejla , Dzehverovic Mirela , Jusic Belma , Pilav Amela , Pojskic Lejla , Bujak Edin , Corbo Tarik , Hadziselimovic Rifat
Published: September 2024

abstract: Population genetic studies have shown that the Bosnian-Herzegovinian (B&H) population is a part of the European gene pool, but there has been limited information on the genetic structure of ancient B&H populations. This study aimed to determine the frequency and distribution of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups for a medieval Bosnian population. Thirty-four samples, excavated from medieval necropolises located within the borders of medieval Bosnia, were analyzed. Sequencing of the mtDNA hypervariable segment 1 (HVS1) region and RFLP analysis were performed for haplogroup determination. All 32 samples were identified as haplogroup H, with subhaplogroups H2a and H5 in 30 and 2 samples, respectively. The frequency of the H haplogroup was significantly different between the studied samples and previous studies of contemporary B&H populations, where the H haplogroup frequency was approximately half that of the ancient population studied here. A significant difference in H haplogroup frequency compared with other medieval populations outside of Bosnia was also observed: the ancient B&H population is most similar to ancient Italians. These results provide insight into the mitochondrial landscape of populations that inhabited the territory of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Middle Ages. Our study reveals that inhabitants of medieval Bosnia carried genetic lineages that exist today in B&H populations, suggesting continuity of mtDNA haplogroups over a long period of time, regardless of various historical demographic events that shaped the genetic structure of the modern B&H population.
Photodynamic opening of the blood-brain barrier affects meningeal lymphatics and the brain’s drainage in healthy male mice
Authors: Blokhina Inna , Terskov Andrey , Evsiukova Arina , Dubrovsky Alexander , Adushkina Viktoria , Zlatogorskaya Daria , Dmitrenko Alexander , Tuzhilkin Matvey , Manzhaeva Maria , Krupnova Valeria , Ilyukov Egor , Myagkov Dmitry , Tuktarov Dmitry , Popov Sergey , Tzoy Maria , Shirokov Alexander , Fedosov Ivan , Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya Oxana
Published: September 2024

Here, we present the new vascular effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). PDT with 5-ALA induces a leakage of both the meningeal and cerebral blood vessels. The extravasation of photo-excited 5-ALA from the leaky blood vessels into the meninges causes photo-damage of the meningeal lymphatics (MLVs) leading to a dramatic reducing the MLV network and brain’s drainage. The PDT-induced impairment of lymphatic regulation of brain’s drainage can lead to excessive accumulation of fluids in brain tissues, which is important to consider in the PDT therapy for brain diseases as s possible side effect of PDT with 5-ALA.
Noise leads to the perceived increase in evolutionary rates over short time scales
Authors: O’Meara Brian C. , Beaulieu Jeremy M.
Published: September 2024

Across a variety of biological datasets, from genomes to conservation to the fossil record, evolutionary rates appear to increase toward the present or over short time scales. This has long been seen as an indication of processes operating differently at different time scales, even potentially as an indicator of a need for new theory connecting macroevolution and microevolution. Here we introduce a set of models that assess the relationship between rate and time and demonstrate that these patterns are statistical artifacts of time-independent errors present across ecological and evolutionary datasets, which produce hyperbolic patterns of rates through time. We show that plotting a noisy numerator divided by time versus time leads to the observed hyperbolic pattern; in fact, randomizing the amount of change over time generates patterns functionally identical to observed patterns. Ignoring errors can not only obscure true patterns but create novel patterns that have long misled scientists.
Notched implements made of scapulae (Bruszczewo-type tools)—A problem solved? Discovering cereal- and legume-threshing techniques in Early Bronze Age Europe through traceological analysis and residue studies
Authors: Osipowicz Grzegorz , Orłowska Justyna , Cristiani Emanuela , Bosiak Mariusz , Kubiak-Martens Lucy , Czebreszuk Janusz , Makowiecki Daniel
Published: September 2024

The studies presented in this paper constitute the first scientific attempt to interpret the manner whereby notched implements made of scapulae were made and used. These implements have been found at numerous European and non-European sites, usually dated to the Neolithic–Early Iron Age (predominantly the Early Bronze Age). Research has examined these products since the beginning of the 20th century, resulting in the development of several hypotheses regarding their functions. This paper presents the analysis results of 41 such artefacts from the early Bronze Age defensive settlement in Bruszczewo (central Poland). This is the largest collection of these products from a single site worldwide. The artefacts were subjected to multi-aspect traceological tests (both technological and functional) using optical, metallographic, and scanning electron microscopes. The residues identified on their surfaces were analysed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-rays spectroscopy. Moreover, the studies reported herein involved extensive experimental research. Consequently, the chain of operations followed in producing these tools was reconstructed and the use-wear traces present on their surfaces were classified; it was determined that these tools were most likely used for threshing cereals but might also have been used for threshing legumes. This is the first proof of threshing in central Europe in the Early Bronze Age and the first scientifically substantiated hypothesis regarding the function of these important artefacts.
Advanced HIV disease and its predictors among newly diagnosed PLHIV in the Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Lerango Temesgen Leka , Markos Tesfalidet , Yehualeshet Daniel , Kefyalew Endashaw , Lerango Semalgn Leka
Published: September 2024

Background

Globally, HIV infection remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Despite reducing new infections, the global response to advanced HIV disease (AHD) remains ineffective, leaving HIV epidemics a significant public health threat worldwide. In Ethiopia, evidence regarding AHD is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of AHD among newly diagnosed people living with HIV (PLHIV) initiating antiretroviral therapy in the Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia.

Methods

A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 29, 2023, to February 06, 2024, at health facilities providing HIV care in the Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia. A total of 427 PLHIV-initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) were recruited for the study. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews and record reviews using KoboCollect version 2.4 and analyzed using R version 4.3.3. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) model selection was used to evaluate and choose the best-fitting model to describe the relationship between AHD and predictors. Finally, variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were considered independent predictors in the multivariable regression analysis.

Results

The study participants’ mean (±SD) age was 31.3 (±8.7) years. The overall prevalence of AHD among newly diagnosed PLHIV-initiating ART was 34.4% (95% CI: 29.8%, 39.1%). Rural residence (AOR = 3.48, 95% CI: 2.24, 5.47), alcohol consumption (AOR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.59, 3.90), and being identified through community-based index case testing (ICT) (AOR = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.51) were found to be independent predictors of AHD.

Conclusions

The prevalence of AHD among newly diagnosed individuals initiating ART was high. PLHIV who consume alcohol should receive detailed counseling on how it can negatively impact their progress with antiretroviral treatment. HIV testing should be enhanced in rural communities by strengthening community health campaigns. Furthermore, community-based index case testing should be strengthened for early identification of PLHIV.
A gestão do risco de incêndio rural em edifícios de habitação
Authors: Almeida Miguel
Published: September 2024

Apesar dos investimentos crescentes na gestão de incêndios rurais, estes continuam a aumentar em frequência e intensidade, causando danos graves a infraestruturas e, por vezes, perda de vidas humanas. Este trabalho visa partilhar conhecimento sobre a gestão do risco de incêndios em edifícios localizados em áreas suscetíveis a incêndios rurais, considerando aspetos técnicos e legislativos. Tem como público-alvo, tanto profissionais ligados à gestão de incêndios rurais, como o público em geral, especialmente aos residentes em áreas rurais.
Feed additives and enrichment materials to reduce chicken stress, maximize productivity, and improve welfare
Authors: El-Sabrout Karim , Landolfi Stefano , Ciani Francesca
Published: September 2024

Environmental stress poses serious threats to animal welfare and production, particularly in poultry, which are susceptible to such stress. It can increase susceptibility to diseases and infections, reduce growth rates and reproductive performance, and increase behavioral issues. Environmental stress caused by conventional housing conditions can negatively affect well-being and productivity. High temperature, overcrowding, poor ventilation, insufficient lighting, and wire cages are some of the most prominent stressors in conventional housing systems. To address environmental stress in chicken farms, some strategies and tools, such as using anti-stress feed additives and enriching cages, can help improve bird behavioral activities and welfare. Breeders can improve overall bird performance by implementing these strategies and creating a more enriched and comfortable environment. Thus, this review discusses the importance of using different feed additives and environmental enrichment materials to reduce stress in chicken farms (broiler and layer) and improve bird productivity and well-being.

Keywords: antioxidants, behavior, environmental enrichment, gut health, product quality, stress, welfare.
Egy elfeledett sajtóorgánum
Authors: Hicsik Dóra
Published: September 2024

Doktori értekezésem témája a Bácsmegyei Napló és annak a vajdasági magyar irodalom kialakulásában betöltött szerepe. Az újság 1903 és 1941 között jelent meg Szabadkán, de igazán lényeges feladatot 1920-tól a megszűnéséig, 1941–ig látott el, amikor a kisebbségbe került vajdasági magyarság legjelentősebb napilapjaként tartották számon. A vajdasági magyar irodalom kezdetei azokban az újságokban keresendők, amelyek a Magyarországtól való elszakadás után magukra vették a terhet: irodalmat nyújtani az olvasóknak, megszólaltatni az ott élő írókat, irodalmi pályázatokat hirdetni, tehetségeket felkutatni. A Bácsmegyei Napló eddig nem volt kutatások tárgya, pedig 1928-tól megjelenő irodalmi melléklete annak az írógenerációnak adott teret, amely kevés kivételtől eltekintve nem élte túl a második világháborút, és munkásságukat csak ez a sajtóorgánum jegyzi. Az irodalmi művek mellett a vizsgált újság pályázatokkal kívánta elősegíteni a tehetségek felkutatását, a folytatásokban megjelenő regények kiválasztásánál pedig szem előtt tartották a vajdasági szerzők megmutatkozásának fontosságát is. A Bácsmegyei Napló szerkesztősége a lapkiadás mellett antológiákat, köteteket is megjelentetett, amely tevékenysége a két világháború közötti időszakban a vajdasági magyar kultúra kiemelt tényezőjévé tette. Az újság tulajdonos-szerkesztője, Fenyves Ferenc volt, akinek munkássága háttérbe szorult az osztálytárs Kosztolányi Dezső mellett. Lapjának vizsgálata jó alkalom arra, hogy fókuszba helyezzük az ő tevékenységét: a gimnazista, a kezdő újságíró, a szerkesztő személyét. A disszertáció melléklete egy kilencezer tételes bibliográfia, a Bácsmegyei Napló irodalmi mellékletében megjelent művek listája, amely vajdasági szerzők máig ismeretlen írásait, többek között érdeklődésre számot tartható regényeket is tartalmaz, emellett pedig magyarországi írók másodközléseit, amelyek szintén fontos forrásai lehetnek irodalomtörténetünknek. Értekezésem célja egy elfeledett sajtóorgánum irodalmi tevékenységének vizsgálata, amelynek során eddig ismeretlen irodalomtörténeti adatok kerülnek előtérbe.
Development of Esophageal Epidermoid Metaplasia in a Pediatric Patient After Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Authors: Sanchez-Anguiano Maria Elena , Schaberg Kurt B. , Truong Trinh T.
Published: September 2024

Esophageal epidermoid metaplasia (EEM) is a rare condition that has not been described in Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and has only been described once in pediatrics. Neither the relationship, treatment, nor surveillance between SJS, esophageal strictures, and EEM has been established. We report the first case of EEM in an 8-year-old girl with esophageal stricture after SJS. Pediatric patients presenting with dysphagia after SJS should be evaluated for esophageal stricture and subsequent EEM development. Owing to EEM's, association with esophageal squamous cell cancer, close follow-up, biopsy surveillance for dysplasia, endoscopic treatment, and TP53 genetic sequencing should be considered.
Parameterization on Fructose-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis by Non-thermal Atmospheric Pressure Helium Plasma Jet
Authors: Sornsakdanuphap Jirapong , Choengpanya Khuanjarat , Susawaengsup Chanthana , Tabtimmai Lueacha , Choowongkomon Kiattawee
Published: September 2024

The fructose stabilized silver nanoparticles (FRU-AgNPs) synthesis is comparatively studied by defining the experimental parameters such as plasma jet device configuration, AgNO3 concentration, plasma treatment time and fructose stabilizer concentration. In this research, there are four types of plasma jet device configurations (C1–C4). The plasma treatment time is varied in a range of 10 to 30 minutes. Fructose concentration is varied to be 5, 10, 20 and 40 mM. The helium gas is used to generate non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma. The plasma jet device is operated by a sinusoidal power supply at a repetition frequency of approximately 1 MHz. The input electrical power for plasma generation is about 30 W. The formation and stability of AgNPs are characterized by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorbance peak from ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. The absorbance peaks of AgNPs are found in the range of 400 to 420 nm. According to the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique, the hydrodynamic sizes of AgNPs are in the range of 15 to 40 nm. The AgNPs show anti-bacterial activity against Escherichia coli with an average inhibition zone of 8.87 ± 0.55 mm. Based on the highest yield of AgNPs, optimal parameters are found to be C3, plasma treatment time of 30 min, AgNO3 concentration of 1–2 mM and fructose concentration of 40 mM.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa Dengan Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (Nht) di Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan
Authors: Hamzah Mohamad
Published: September 2024

Matematika masih merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang kurang diminati oleh sebagian siswa. Hal tersebut tercermin dari kurang maksimalnya hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran ini. Hasil belajar matematika siswa SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan masih belum bisa dikatakan maksimal karena masih di bawah nilai ketuntasan yang telah ditetapkan sekolah. Salah satu penyebabnya penerapan metode pembelajaran klasikal yang cenderung monoton dan kurang memotivasi siswa untuk belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengupayakan peningkatan hasil belajar dalam pembelajaran matematika SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan dengan diterapkannya metode kooperatif tipe numbered head together, sekaligus untuk mengetahui aktifitas siswa di dalam kelas sehingga aktifitas dan hasil belajar dapat meningkat. Penelitian ini menerapkan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilakukan dalam tiga siklus tindakan. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII A SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan dengan jumlah siswa 36 orang siswa. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan observasi, dan tes hasil belajar. Setelah data diperoleh, maka dilakukan penganalisaan dengan menggunakan persentase hasil belajar dan keaktifan siswa pada tiap siklusnya. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan rata-rata hasil belajar, siklus 1 adalah 52, siklus 2 adalah 70 dan siklus 3 sebesar 83,9 begitu juga rata-rata ketuntasan kelasnya siklus 1 adalah 8,3%, siklus 2 adalah 44,44% dan siklus 3 adalah 80,56%. Aktivitas siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika di SMP Negeri 1 Kuningan siklus I 52,31%, aspek keterampilan kooperatif siswa sebesar rata-rata 60,11 %. Pada siklus II aspek aktivitas siswa memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 72,68 % dan aspek keterampilan kooperatif siswa sebesar 74,99%. Pada siklus III aspek aktivitas siswa rata-ratanya sebesar 87,03dan aspek keterampilan kooperatif siswa rata-rata sebsar 83,79 %.
The Construction Of Gender Equality In The Webcomic "Hingga Usai Usia"
Authors: Amida Rizqulloh Noble  , Hakim Lukman , Prima Ayu Rizki Mahanani
Published: September 2024

AbstractTingginya angka ketimpangan gender di Indonesia menunjukan pembangunan gender yang belum optimal, sehingga perlu adanya informasi mengenai kesetaraan gender yang menarik dan bisa diakses semua kalangan dengan mudah. Salah satunya melalui ruang kreatif digital yaitu bentuk web komik. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap konstruksi kesetaraan gender dalam web komik “Hingga Usai Usia” yang membahas aspek-aspek kesetaraan gender. Dengan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan semiotika Roland Barthes, hasil kajian menunjukkan enam konstruksi kesetaraan gender yang ada di web komik tersebut, yaitu; konsensual, keterlibatan laki-laki dalam pengasuhan anak, berbagi peran, maskulinitas positif, keterlibatan perempuan dalam pengambilan keputusan, dan partisipasi perempuan di ranah publik. Namun, konstruksi berbagi peran merupakan aspek yang dominan digambarkan karena web komik ini menceritakan kehidupan pasangan suami istri.
Kata Kunci: Kesetaraan Gender, Web Komik, Semiotika
[The high rate of gender inequality in Indonesia indicates suboptimal gender development. Therefore, there is a need for accessible and interesting information on gender equality, primarily through digital creative spaces such as webcomics. Thus, this research aims to uncover the construction of gender equality in the webcomic "Hingga Usai Usia," which discusses various aspects of gender equality. By using qualitative methods and Roland Barthes' semiotic approach, the findings reveal six constructions of gender equality within the webcomic: consensus, male involvement in childcare, role-sharing, positive masculinity, female involvement in decision-making, and women's participation in the public sphere. However, the role-sharing construction emerges as the dominant aspect portrayed in the webcomic, which narrates the lives of married couples.]
Keyword: Gender Equality, Web Comics, Semiotic
Effect of technological innovation on firm’s performance
Authors: Kumera Dula , Amentie Chalchissa , Bali Neeraj
Published: September 2024

Goal: This study aims to examine the relationship between technological innovation and the performance of manufacturing firms operating in Ethiopian industrial parks through the mediating effect of competitive advantage.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A mixed research-methods approach and an explanatory research design were applied to explore the relationship between the variables of the study. By using the non-probability sampling technique, the researchers collected data from 382 top and middle managers and purified it through Confirmatory Factor Analysis. To examine the effect of technological innovation and test the hypothesis, this study employed Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
Result: The findings supported that technological innovation positively and significantly influences firms’ performance (b = 0.483, p<0.001) and competitive advantage (b = 0.583, p<0.001). Moreover, it is exposed that competitive advantage influences firm performance (b = 0.379; p<0.001). Thus, the result demonstrated that the proposed partial mediation model was accepted because the relationship between the constructs was statistically significant. The result confirms that improving technological innovation enables increased product quality and process efficiency, which leads to minimizing operational costs and offering quality products that improve firms’ success.
Limitations: The proposed model may not be generalized due to one-time data collection. Thus, it should be implemented in other business environments. The study is also limited to publicly owned industrial parks. Hence, future studies can incorporate privately owned industrial parks.
Practical Implication: This study reveals that firm managers must give attention to technological innovation and develop differentiated competitive advantages to improve firm performance. Further, policymakers are suggested to establish systematic monitoring and evaluation for effective technology transfer and knowledge spillover between local employees and foreign employees.
Originality/value: This study adds value to the current body of knowledge by addressing the mediating effect of competitive advantage in the relationship between technological innovation and firm performance.
Mampukah Kebijakan Dividen Mengintervening Harga Saham Dilihat Dari Variabel Independent Return On Assets Dan Debt To Equity Ratio
Authors: Sunaryo Deni , Puji Lestari Etty , Puryandani Siti
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Return on Asset dan Debt to Equity Ratio terhadap Harga Saham dengan Kebijakan Dividen sebagai variabel intervening pada perusahaan subsektor Batu Bara yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Asia Tenggara periode 2012-2023. Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data sekunder dengan metode dokumentasi berupa laporan tahunan perusahaan. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu teknik purposive sampling dan diperoleh 10 perusahaan sebagai sampel dengan total 120 data penelitian. Alat analisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah SPSS 24. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu Regresi Linier Berganda, Uji Parsial dan Analisis Jalur. Hasil penelitian secara parsial menyimpulkan bahwa Return on Asset berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Harga Saham. Debt to Equity Ratio berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap Harga Saham. Kebijakan deviden berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap Harga Saham. Return on Asset tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kebijakan Dividen. Debt to Equity Ratio berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap Kebijakan Dividen. Secara memediasi Kebijakan Dividen tidak mampu memediasi pengaruh hubungan Return on Asset terhadap Harga Saham dan Kebijakan Dividen tidak mampu memediasi pengaruh hubungan Debt to Equity Ratio terhadap Harga Saham. Limitasi penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan sebagai berikut: cakupannya hanya mencakup perusahaan Batu Bara di Bursa Efek Asia Tenggara dari 2012-2023, data sekunder mungkin bias, sampel hanya mencakup 10 perusahaan, dan alat analisis terbatas pada regresi linier berganda serta analisis jalur.
Pengaruh Servant Leadership, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Identification terhadap Voluntary Turnover Intention dengan Ta'awun sebagai variabel intervening pada karyawan muslim PT Bayyas Bio Fuels
Authors: Anggoro Calvin
Published: September 2024

AbstrakPenelitian ini tujuannya untuk menganalisis pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan pelayanan, kepuasan kerja, dan identifikasi organisasi terhadap niat keluar sukarela dengan ta’awun sebagai variabel intervening pada karyawan muslim di PT Bayyas Bio Fuels. Metode penelitian yang terapkan adalan Structur Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan bantuan softaware Partial Least Square (PLS) terdiri dari convergent validity, composite reliability, second order confirmatory factor analysis R squre, f Sequare and hypothesis testing. penelitian ini mempergunakan primary data yang diperoleh melalui kuisioner yang dibagikan kepada 50 karyawan muslim di PT Bayyas Bio Fuels.Studi ini mengungkapkan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan pelayan dan kepuasan kerja memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap identifikasi organisasi terhadap niat keluar secara sukarela. Selain itu ta’awun sebagai variabel intervening juga berpengaruh negative dan signifikan terhadap niat keluar sukarela. Identifiaksi organisasi ditemukan memiliki pengaruh negative dan signifikan terhadap niat keluar sukarela yang berarti semakin tinggi identifikasi organisasi, semakin rendah niat keluar secara sukarela karyawan.Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis bagi manajemen perusahaan untuk meningkatkan gaya kepemimpinan, kepuasan kerja, dan identifikasi organisasi sebagai strategi untuk mengurangi niat keluar sukarela karyawan. Penerapan nilai- nilai ta’awun dalam lingkungan kerja juga terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan loyalitas karyawan dan mengurangi niat karyawan untuk keluar secara sukarela.  Kata kunci: Kepemimpinan pelayan, Kepuasan Kerja, Identifikasi Organisasi, Niat Keluar Sukarela, Ta’awun.
Filkovi na kalhoty
Authors: Pistorius Vladimír
Published: September 2024

Filkovi na kalhoty (loosely translated: “For Filek’s Trousers”, meaning something along the lines of “A Somewhat Meaningless Study”) was significant samizdat from in the 1980s. It was dedicated to analysing the verses (i.e. versology) of the lyrics of popular folk songs at the time. The author shows that we perceive both music and the song lyrics/poem rhythmically, whereby it is possible to differentiate the outer linguistic, or acoustic, rhythm of the work, and the inner rhythm, characterised by its subjective perception. In this sense, the author analyses various types of poetic rhythms, and he concludes that Czech poems and song lyrics usually use different principles of rhythmics. Songs can depend on affecting emotions using non-textual means, but they are also bound by the formal rules of strophes, length, etc. Thus, only a very small number of song lyrics can stand alone as independent literary works (poems), and that in both the formal and perceptive context.
Povstání z pokleku
Authors: Procházková Zora , David Jan , Nešpor (ed.) Zdeněk R.
Published: September 2024

This text provides an academic edition of the exceptional source representing (records from) observations of services in Prague Christian churches in the mid-1960s, supplemented with a contextualizing introduction and historical-religious footnotes by the editor. The specificity of the mate¬rial is that the original source takes the form of (commented) participatory observation, it is very open, and at the same time, it contains material from (almost) all existing churches and religious societies, respectively individual parishes, congregations, and places of worship in the city of Prague. Due to its length, the edition is divided into several parts; in this first part, it includes communities and services of the Unity of Brethren (Církev bratrská), the Slovak Lutheran Church (Slovenská evanjelická cirkev a.v.), the Religious Society of Czechoslovak Unitarians (Náboženská společnost československých unitářů), the Open Brethren (Křesťanské sbory), the Brotherhood of Baptists (Bratrská společnost baptistů), the Seventh-day Adventist Church (Církev adventistů sedmého dne), the Orthodox Church (Pravoslavná církev), the Evangelical Methodist Church (Evangelická církev metodistů), and the Free Reformed Church (Církev bratrská, then Jednota českobratrská).
Vzpomínka na Karla Fojtíka
Authors: Skalníková Olga
Published: September 2024

Krátce před 81. narozeninami se 8. 2. 1999 uzavřel po těžké nemoci život docenta PhDr. Karla Fojtíka, CSc., významného brněnského a českého etnografa. úmyslně uvádím tyto dva přívlastky. Karel Fojtík a jeho dílo patřilo Brnu a Moravě a zároveň významně a úspěšně reprezentoval českou etnografii jak doma, tak v zahraničí na konferencích, kongresech, v odborné zahraniční literatuře.
Zemřel RNDr. Zdeněk Klein
Authors: Škvařilová Božena
Published: September 2024

Dne 4. 9. 2000 podlehl těžké nemoci RNDr. Zdeněk Klein (nar. 13. 6. 1944), antropolog a etolog Psychiatrického centra v Praze Bohnicích.
Masky, démoni, šaškové
Authors: Barhoňová Vladislava
Published: September 2024

Autor výstavy: prof. PhDr. Ludvík Baran, DrSc., PhDr. Jitka, Staňková, CSc.; Výtvarná realizace: Jan Duspěva; Výstava fotografií a masek z let 1971-1998 byla v Lobkovickém paláci uspořádána ve spolupráci s magistrátem hl. m. Prahy, Ústavem pro etnografii a folkloristiku ČAV v Praze a Národopisnou společností.
Ervin Goffman: Všichni hrajeme divadlo
Authors: Bystřický Jiří
Published: September 2024

A review of the book by Ervin Goffman.
State-of-the-Art of STEAM Education in Science Classrooms: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Yulianti Erni , Suwono Hadi , Abd Rahman Nor Farahwahidah , Phang Fatin Aliah
Published: September 2024

STEAM education is designed to prepare students for the twenty-first-century life skills and has been extensively investigated in the past 10 years. Given the rapid evolution of educational practices and the diverse ways in which STEAM is implemented in science classrooms, there is an urgent need for an analysis of the current outlook of STEAM education within the science classrooms context. In this article, 22 empirical studies were included to highlight the methodology, STEAM characteristics, and pedagogical approaches implemented in STEAM-based learning. Findings suggest that STEAM education plays an important role in fostering students’ twenty-first-century skills and should be manifested by student-centered learning approaches. This study holds significant implications in providing direction for future studies regarding STEAM education in science classroom settings.
Distribution law of Chang 7 Member tight oil in the western Ordos Basin based on geological, logging and numerical simulation techniques
Authors: Guo Qing , An Huiming , Zhao Li , Zhang Leilei , Tao Liang
Published: September 2024

Fine characterization of oil plane distribution in highly heterogeneous tight sandstone is a prerequisite for efficient reservoir development. This study systematically evaluated the distribution characteristics of tight oil in the Chang 7 Member of the Western Ordos Basin using a large number of experimental tests, logging interpretation, and 3D modelling methods. The logging interpretation models of shale content, porosity, permeability, and oil saturation were constructed, and the effective reservoir was identified by establishing the intersection identification pattern of reservoir acoustic wave time difference and deep lateral resistivity. The 3D numerical simulation results showed that the tight oil is distributed between injection and production wells. The areas with high tight oil content are mainly distributed along the WE direction, and a series of high remaining oil zones are formed locally. Under the influence of long-term injection and production, a high permeability zone will be formed between wells, which is similar to a high-speed channel and will be flooded quickly, and a banded remaining oil retention zone will be formed around it. For the horizontal well flooding area, the water flooding range of the water injection well is small, and a large amount of remaining oil is enriched between water injection wells. Finally, the classification standard of the remaining oil in the Chang 72 sub-member of the study area is proposed, and then, the strategy of adopting different development and adjustment schemes according to different types of reservoirs is formed.
Measuring Historical Inequality in Germany
Authors: Albers Thilo , Bartels Charlotte , Schaff Felix
Published: September 2024

This article surveys the measurement of historical wealth and income inequality in Germany. We discuss the underlying data sources, the challenges they pose, and the opportunities they create. We also identify two promising avenues for future research. First, we argue that the geographic granularity of German historical statistics provides researchers with the opportunity to investigate the causes of inequality. Second, several dimensions of historical inequality remain under-explored, for example, the equalizing role of welfare state institutions such as public pensions.
Review on enhancing the efficiency of fertilizer utilization: Strategies for optimal nutrient management
Authors: Nakachew Kelemu , Yigermal Habtamu , Assefa Fenta , Gelaye Yohannes , Ali Solomon
Published: September 2024

The increasing global population and growing demand for food and mineral fertilizers underscore the urgent need to enhance fertilizer efficiency. This imperative emphasizes the importance of sustainable fertilizer utilization while mitigating environmental impacts, particularly in addressing agricultural water pollution. Excessive fertilizer use contributes significantly to water contamination and food shortages worldwide. In 2018, food shortages were reported in many nations, including the United States (2.3%), Canada (4.6%), the United Kingdom (8.2%), Germany (2.6%), Japan (2.9%), Ethiopia (23.4%), Ivory Coast (22.4%), Bangladesh (12.7%), Pakistan (17.2%), Haiti (45.6%), and India (14.3%). Moreover, agricultural activities, particularly the use of mineral fertilizers, are major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Inefficient fertilizer practices lead to economic losses, environmental degradation, and food insecurity. Studies reveal that in sub-Saharan Africa, farmers receive only about $0.50 in increased productivity for every dollar spent on fertilizer due to inefficiencies. The economic cost of nutrient pollution in the European Union is estimated to range between €7 billion and €10 billion annually. Effective strategies like precision nutrient management, best practices, and innovative technologies optimize fertilizer efficiency and support agricultural sustainability. Besides, promising methods include the combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers, the application of remote sensing and geographical information system technologies, and the implementation of biological approaches to enhance nutrient management. Moreover, monitoring and evaluation are essential for assessing strategy effectiveness, guiding decision-making, and taking corrective actions. Hence, this review aims to address strategies for improving fertilizer efficiency, sustainable agriculture practices, and addressing food security and environmental concerns related to fertilizer use comprehensively.
The Enriched Central Dogma
Authors: Cheng Tiantian , Cao Lingzhen , Zou Meng
Published: September 2024

The central dogma of molecular biology describes the transfer of genetic information from nucleic acids to proteins and stipulates that the system cannot work in the reverse direction. As a fundamental principle in biology, the dogma is as influential as it is controversial. Some commentators have debated the central dogma’s empirical accuracy because they believe that some exceptions are incompatible with the central dogma. We investigated these exceptions challenging the central dogma and conclude that they do not violate the central dogma. The central dogma is still a common model used to describe and study the relationship between genes and proteins. This is one of the greatest established achievements in modern biology.
Assessment of Community-Engaged Research Experiences in Introductory General Biology Laboratories
Authors: Nyutu Eva N. , Carmona-Galindo Víctor , Polanco Maris
Published: September 2024

Most introductory biology laboratories are taught using direct instruction. An alternative to the direct instruction laboratory course is the Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE). CURE courses have been reported to positively impact undergraduate students, increasing self-efficacy, enhancing science identity, improving preparation and persistence for STEM careers, and increasing inclusion of underrepresented minorities in undergraduate research. While there are several affective benefits of CUREs, our literature review reveals an absence of studies assessing pre-health students’ science identity, self-efficacy, and perceptions after participating in a community-engaged CURE laboratory. We found that students agreed that their community-engaged laboratory course had CURE design features, Discovery and Relevance had the highest rating. Overall, our results indicate that self-efficacy improved from the beginning to the end of the semester. Students in the community-engaged CURE showed gains in science identity. Understanding student affective domain is critical for improving student learning in gateway biology laboratory courses since they play very important roles in determining whether students can complete their degrees in the STEM fields. Future research should examine the relationships between self-efficacy, science identity, student perceptions of the community-engaged CURE laboratories, and gender, major, and race/ethnicity.
Entrevista al Dr. Lindsay Gibson y la Dra. Catherine Duquette para el número especial de la Revista Perspectivas “El pensamiento histórico y el legado del Dr. Peter Seixas”
Authors: Gibson Lindsay , Duquette Catherine
Published: September 2024

The interview has been edited by Lindsay Gibson and Catherine Duquette for clarity, brevity, and accuracy. Footnotes have been added to provide links to organizations, websites, articles, books, and resources mentioned in the interview. The interview examines Dr. Peter Seixas’ model of historical thinking, its scope, and its achievements in the subject of Social Studies.
Aula invertida: reflexiones teóricas para su implementación en los Estudios Sociales
Authors: Gamboa Fallas Marisol , Solano Porras Andrés , Escobar Escamilla Wilman
Published: September 2024

This article presents a conceptual and procedural approach to the didactic strategy of flipped classroom applied to the teaching and learning processes of Social Studies. The article analyzes the concept of flipped classroom, its relevance to Social Studies Didactics and the considerations that may apply. As well as an attempt to determine possibilities and challenges when executing it in the development of the contents of this subject. The article concludes that flipped classroom is a technique able to transform the traditional role of the participants in the educational process of Social Studies. This technique fosters a greater interest for students in the construction of their knowledge, also encourages spaces for reflection, analysis and autonomous work. Lastly, flipped classroom is an ideal technique to encourage active methods and better time management that would enable an increase in academic quality.
Adequacy of larch wood treated with wood tar and wood vinegar as erosion control wooden-dam materials
Authors: Park Se-Hwi , Purusatama Byantara Darsan , Kim Yong-Rae , Jang Jae-Hyuk , Hwang Won-Joong , Chun Kun-Woo , Kim Jong-Ho , Kim Nam-Hun
Published: September 2024

The durability of small-diameter larch wood was studied with respect to its treatments with wood tar and wood vinegar in three environments—underground, underwater, and outdoors—for 53 months. This study involved assessing wood cell wall deterioration using optical microscopy, X-ray computed tomography imaging, and X-ray diffraction, along with evaluating various physical and mechanical properties using Korean standards. Severe deterioration was observed in vinegar-treated sapwood after being buried underground. Collapsed cells were often found in untreated and wood vinegar-treated wood buried underground. Noticeable decreases in the physical and mechanical properties were observed in the sapwood of wood vinegar-treated wood buried underground. The wood tar-treated wood buried underground remained relatively intact with minimal changes in its physical properties. No significant degradation was observed in the wood discs submerged in water, and there was no difference in density, shrinkage, hardness, and shear strength between the untreated and preserved wood submerged in water. Under outdoor conditions, wood vinegar-treated wood showed less degradation of the wood discs than untreated and wood tar-treated wood. In conclusion, wood tar enhanced the durability of the wood when it was buried in soil, whereas the wood vinegar treatment provides an advantage when exposed to outdoor conditions.
The potential of using liquid hot water pretreated rice straw to produce environment friendly particleboard
Authors: Luo Peng , He Yan , Wang Tao
Published: September 2024

The high extractives content in rice straw severely hinders surface adhesion, resulting in poor strength and dimensional stability of rice straw particleboard bonded with castor oil-based polyurethane (CPUR) resin. In this study, rice straw was pretreated with liquid hot water (LHW) at 150 °C for 20 min to reduce its extractives content for particleboard production with CPUR resin. The effects of LHW pretreatment on the chemical composition of the rice straws was evaluated. In addition, effects of CPUR resin dosage and density on mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the rice straw particleboards were investigated. The results indicated that LHW pretreatment significantly reduced the extractives and hemicellulose contents of the rice straw. The LHW pretreatment significantly improved the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the rice straw particleboards. The overall performances of the rice straw particleboards were enhanced as the CPUR dosage increased. Increase of density led to upgraded mechanical properties but lowered dimensional stability of the rice straw particleboards.
Herramienta web para mejorar los niveles de comprensión lectora de los estudiantes de las escuelas públicas
Authors: Santos Lescano Anderson Joel , Huayna Dueñas Ana María
Published: September 2024

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the improvement in reading comprehension skills in primary school children through the use of a web tool that incorporates  gamification elements. A quantitative approach was used with a descriptive-correlational and quasi-experimental design. 58 fourth grade students were surveyed in a public school in Lima. Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability, the Shapiro-Wilk test to evaluate the normality of the data, and the Student T test and Wilcoxon test to analyze the results. Preliminary tests and post-tests were applied to verify the results. Significant improvements were observed in all sections, with average increases of 25.64%, 2.79%, 24.21% in Literal Comprehension, 39.79%, 14.17%, and 24.64% in Inferential Comprehension, and 42.47%, 17.67%, and 28.9% in Critical Comprehension. In summary, it was concluded that the implementation of the gamification-based Web tool resulted in a notable improvement in the reading comprehension skills of the participating students.
A NARRATIVE ABOUT A YOUNG MAN AND THE MAGICIAN: SLAVONIC VERSIONS OF A BYZANTINE STORY
Authors: Gritsevskaya Irina , Lytvynenko Viacheslav
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the “Narrative About a Young Man and the Magician” (also known as a “Homily About Mesites the Magician”), which was part of several Old Russian miscellanea and originated from Greek. The narrative is examined from the standpoint of plot-building issues, with regard to both the original text and the changes that were introduced by the Slavonic translators and editors. The authors reveal a specific narrative structure in which the elements of one set of plot features are mirrored or duplicated in another narrative. They also trace the distinctive features of two different Greek versions reflected in the translations, such as a change in the narrative focus in the original version. A significant feature of one of the Slavonic translations is the adaptation to the Old Russian miscellany (Prolog), of which it happened to be a part. Another feature that must be noted is the appearance of the idea of God’s obligation to the righteous in the Slavonic version. A parallel is drawn between this narrative and the “Narrations Useful to the Soul” (a sub-genre of Byzantine hagiography), which contain a tale about the penitent thief. The fate of these texts in both Greek and Slavic literature seems almost the same: they existed in two versions in Greek literature, and both versions of these texts were translated into Slavonic. Later, these translations were included in the Slavonic miscellanea of Prolog and Svodny Paterik. There are also a number of parallels in terms of content, of which the most important one is the discussion of the ways of salvation for laymen considered outside the formal ecclesiastical paradigm that assumes a form of non-typical holiness. Yet despite the similarities in style and partly in content, the “Narrative About a Young Man and the Magician” has a more sophisticated plot than the tale about the penitent thief on account of duplicated plot motifs that align it with the literary narrative genre.
The Plot of “The Spirit in the Blue Light” in the Russian Fairy Tale Tradition: Between a Folk Tale and the Authorial Creativity
Authors: Dobrovolskaya Varvara
Published: September 2024

The article examines the existence of the plot type 562 “The Spirit in blue light” in the Russian fairy tale tradition. It is generally believed that this text came into the Russian folklore tradition under the influence of the fairy tale by H. C. Andersen's “Flint,” and the first publication of this plot type is a fairy tale from a Brothers Grimm collection. In Russia, the ATU index describes six variants of this plot type, and one of them was published before the appearance of both the Andersen fairy tale and the Brothers Grimm version, which allows to assume that it goes back to some oral version of this plot type. The rest of the texts are influenced by Andersen to one degree or another, but we cannot exclude the influence of the Brothers Grimm’ fairy tale, as well as of the oral tradition. In addition to the six texts marked in the index, we were able to identify two more published and three archived texts. Storytellers have used this plot type in different ways. In a number of texts, the plot in question is used as an additional storyline in the narrative. In others, storytellers improvise within the framework of the fairy tale. They are familiar with Andersen's text, but when retelling it, they modify it, removing incomprehensible realities, adding familiar elements, filling the text with details, revealing the psychology of the characters, explaining the motivations of their actions, etc. There is also a case of improvisation outside the fairy-tale canon. The variant is an improvisation, which is based on the film “The Old, Old Fairy Tale,” based on several fairy tales by Andersen. Despite such a difference in approaches to the fairy-tale text, we can confidently say that Andersen's text has over time displaced a certain oral version of the plot type 562 from the storytellers’ repertoire.