bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of novel biodegradable films on agronomic performance of zucchini squash grown under open-field and greenhouse conditions
Authors: Ida Di Mola , Eugenio Cozzolino , Lucia Ottaiano , Giuseppe Duri Luigi , Riccardo Riccardi , Patrizia Spigno , Vincenzo Leone , Mauro Mori
Published: February 2020

The soil mulching is an important agricultural practice for increasing crop productivity and earliness. Mulching can be made with natural or synthetic materials. The common films being used these days are usually made of low density polyethylene (LDPE), but its disposal can represent a serious environmental and economic problem. The biodegradable mulching can overcome these problems. Two experiments were carried out comparing the effects of biodegradable and LDPE mulching films on yield and quality of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) grown in two environments (open-field vs. greenhouse). In both the environments a randomized complete block design was adopted. The treatments composed of no-mulched crop (control), soil covered by 15 microns black biodegradable film (MB15) and soil covered by 50 microns black LDPE film. The results showed that MB15 was able to maintain discrete technical proprieties until the end of cycle, especially in greenhouse, assuring a sufficient heating of soil, similar to LDPE. The soil heating promoted crop development. Furthermore, earliness was increased (84 in greenhouse vs. 99 days in open air) in greenhouse. The early production of zucchini grown on MB15 was similar to the one in LDPE production in greenhouse. The total marketable yield of plants grown on both films was not different but it was lower in open air. The biodegradable film significantly improved fruits quality, with higher values of firmness and total soluble solid than fruits grown on LDPE.
Fertilization with potassium (K) in the soybean-corn succession affects behavior of plants and in the soil (oxisol)
Authors: Cavalli Edilson , Lange Anderson , Cavalli Cassiano , Bedin Ivan , Buchelt Antonio Carlos , Mellis Estêvão Vicari
Published: February 2020

The potassium fertilizer recommendations are almost entirely made by the main culture in the field, without taking into account the predecessor and successor cultures. The nutrients in crop residues represent a reserve for subsequent crops. Therefore, knowledge of the absorption and cycling capacity of nutrient through the culture, and efficient fertilization should consider the entire system are important. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of potassium levels in soybean and corn, changes in nutrient stocks in the soil profile, absorption and accumulation in plant tissues and soybean, corn and Urochloa crop production during the two agricultural years. The study was performed in an oxisol in the cerrado-amazon ecotone, with potassium rates (0, 40, 80, 160 and 320 kg ha-1 K2O). The rates applied in soybean (first crop) and three harvests of residual effect of the applied doses (maize-soybeans-maize) were evaluated. After harvesting the first crop, plots were subdivided (with or without the presence of Urochloa in corn spacing) in order to understand effect of Urochloa to increase the potassium cycling in the system. The grain yield and dry matter of Urochloa, extraction, and export of nutrients and their concentration in the leaf were evaluated. During the experiment, the chemical changes caused in the soil were also evaluated. In the first year, corn yield and the cumulative grain yield of the other crops were increasingly influenced by K2O rates. The rates provided increased K concentration and a decrease in Ca and Mg in plant materials. The Ca and Mg elements showed a decreased trend in the soil influenced by the applied rates of up to 130 days after fertilization. The K showed higher levels influenced by rates even after 619 days. We do not recommend the application of high doses of K due to the large losses caused by leaching.
Biochemical composition of pigeonpea genotypes in Kenya
Authors: Cheboi Juliana J. , Kinyua Miriam G. , Kimurto Paul K. , Kiplaga Oliver K. , Ng’an’ga Fredrick , Ghimire Sita R.
Published: February 2020

Pigeonpea is an important crop in semi-arid tropics and sub-tropics. The improvement and utilization of this crop in East Africa can enhance food and nutrition security. A study was carried out to examine variation in biochemical composition (crude protein, total phenols, total flavonoid and total anti-oxidant activity) of 55 pigeonpea genotypes grown in Kabete field station during the long rains of April-September 2017. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with three replications. After harvest, 100g of dry seed samples were collected for biochemical analyses. The biochemical analyses were performed at nutrition platform of Biosciences eastern and central Africa- International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub, Nairobi, Kenya. Treatment means were separated based on Tukey test using Genstat, SAS and R software. The genotypes varied significantly (P≤0.05) for all the parameters measured with a mean of 20.88 g/100g, 46.21 mg/100g, 23.98 mg/100g and 38.13 mg/100g for crude protein, total phenol, total flavonoid and total anti-oxidant activity, respectively. Advanced elite materials out performed for all parameters analyzed except for crude protein with a mean of 59.57 mg/100g, 26.64 mg/100g and 30.23 mg/100g for total phenols, total flavonoid and total anti-oxidant activity, respectively. The total antioxidant activity had significantly positive correlation (P≤0.05) with total phenol, total flavonoid and crude protein. Similarly, total phenol and total flavonoid had significantly positive correlation (≤0.05). The results revealed that the advanced elite materials contain high phenolics and antioxidant activity that contribute to lowering oxidation of free radicals due to their redox properties. Therefore, these germplasm are valuable genetic resources for improving pigeonpea varieties for nutritional qualities.
Morpho-physiological responses of chili peppers (Capsicum annuum) to short-term exposure of water-saturated rhizosphere
Authors: Siaga Erna , Sakagami Jun-Ichi , Lakitan Benyamin , Yabuta Shin , Hasbi Hasbi , Bernas Siti Masreah , Kartika Kartika , Widuri Laily Ilman
Published: February 2020

Chili pepper is frequently grown by local farmers at riparian wetland during dry season in Indonesia. However, during the last decade, unpredictable distribution and intensity of rainfall have increasingly threatened chili pepper production at the wetlands due to untimely water-saturated rhizosphere (WSR) occurrences. WSR is a condition when all pores within root zone were filled with water. This condition can be simulated by adding water into growing substrate until a thin layer of water was visible above substrate surface. Two Indonesian varieties (Laris and Romario) and one Japanese variety (Takanotsume) were used in this study. Aim of this study was to evaluate morpho-physiological effects of short-term (4 days) WSR exposure in chili pepper. Results of this study revealed that roots suffered more than aerial organs as indicated by the increase of shoot/root ratio from 4.56 at pre-exposure to 7.03 at end of the exposure. Total leaf area significantly reduced since larger older leaves were replaced by newly developed smaller leaves. Relative water content (RWC) in all organs was decreased, but did not reach a detrimental level. Leaf RWC was decreased from 83.6% at pre-exposure to 77.8% after the exposure; however, leaf RWC was able to rebound to 81.5% after 7 days of recovery. Photosynthetic and transpiration rates sharply decreased, associated with decrease in stomatal conductance during WSR exposure. Chlorophyll fluorescence also sharply declined. Gas exchange parameters did not significantly recover after 7 days of recovery in all varieties. Meanwhile, SPAD values were not affected by WSR exposure.
Shading improves initial growth and quality of Parkia multijuga Benth. seedlings
Authors: Leão Noemi Vianna Martins , Shimizu Elizabeth Santos Cordeiro , Felipe Sérgio Heitor Sousa
Published: February 2020

During the production of forest seedlings, light quantity can indicate the degree of tolerance of tree species to shading conditions and provide information to obtain seedlings with a higher quality standard. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of shading on the emergence and the quality standard of Parkia multijuga Benth. seedling, a timber species that can be used in landscaping and restoration of degraded areas. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of three treatments: full sunlight (control; 2050 µmol m2 s2), 50 (1025 µmol m2 s2), and 70% (615 µmol m2 s2) shading obtained with black polyethylene screens. The results showed that the applied treatments did not significantly influence the emergence percentage. However, under unshaded conditions (i.e., full sunlight), the seeds displayed a higher velocity index and a shorter mean time of seedling emergence. On the other hand, the different levels of shading (50 and 70%) improved the growth performance (e.g., higher shoot height, collar diameter, number of leaves) and quality (e.g., higher Dickson Quality Index (DQI)) of P. multijuga seedlings. Furthermore, seedlings under 50 and 70% shading displayed a significant increase in the total biomass compared to those exposed to the full sunlight condition (243 and 195%, respectively). In addition, the DQI was higher in plants grown at 50 and 70% shading in comparison with the full sunlight treatment (145 and 85%, respectively). The shading level of 50% is recommended for the production of P. multijuga seedlings with the highest quality standard in the nursery beds in Brazilian Amazon.
Toxic Effect of 2-ethyl (bicyclo[2.2.1] heptane) on Bacterial Cells
Authors: Manukhov I.V. , Yaguzhinsky L.S. , Bermeshev M.V. , Zisman M.A. , Pevgov V.G. , Samoilov V.O. , Shorunov S.V. , Maksimov A.L.
Published: February 2020

Toxic effect of 2-ethylnorbornane (2-ethyl(bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane) (EBH)) on bacteria has been studied using the E. coli pRecA-lux and E. coli pKatG- lux cells as lux-biosensors. It was shown that the addition of EBH to the incubation medium leads to death and growth retardation, high level oxidative stress and DNA damage in E. coli cells. It is assumed that the oxidation of EBH with atmospheric oxygen causes the formation of reactive oxygen species in the medium, which makes a major contribution to the toxicity of this substance. biosensor, luciferase, bioluminescence, inducible promoter, PrecA, PkatG The authors are grateful to Stanislav Filippovich Chalkin for the development of interdisciplinary ties in the scientific community. The work was financially supported by the Ministry of Higher Education and Science of Russia (Project Unique Identifier RFMEFI60417X0181, Agreement No. 14.604.21.0181 of 26.09.2017).
A review of nature-based solutions for resource recovery in cities
Authors: Kisser Johannes , Wirth Maria , De Gusseme Bart , Van Eekert Miriam , Zeeman Grietje , Schoenborn Andreas , Vinnerås Björn , Finger David C. , Kolbl Repinc Sabina , Bulc Tjaša Griessler , Bani Aida , Pavlova Dolja , Staicu Lucian C. , Atasoy Merve , Cetecioglu Zeynep , Kokko Marika , Haznedaroglu Berat Z. , Hansen Joachim , Istenič Darja , Canga Eriona , Malamis Simos , Camilleri-Fenech Margaret , Beesley Luke
Published: February 2020

Our modern cities are resource sinks designed on the current linear economic model which recovers very little of the original input. As the current model is not sustainable, a viable solution is to recover and reuse parts of the input. In this context, resource recovery using nature-based solutions (NBS) is gaining popularity worldwide. In this specific review, we focus on NBS as technologies that bring nature into cities and those that are derived from nature, using (micro)organisms as principal agents, provided they enable resource recovery. The findings presented in this work are based on an extensive literature review, as well as on original results of recent innovation projects across Europe. The case studies were collected by participants of the COST Action Circular City, which includes a portfolio of more than 92 projects. The present review article focuses on urban wastewater, industrial wastewater, municipal solid waste and gaseous effluents, the recoverable products (e.g., nutrients, nanoparticles, energy), as well as the implications of source-separation and circularity by design. The analysis also includes assessment of the maturity of different technologies (technology readiness level) and the barriers that need to be overcome to accelerate the transition to resilient, self-sustainable cities of the future.
Desigualdade salarial de gênero e o abismo salarial entre os gêneros
Authors: Nahra Cinara , Alves da Costa Fernanda
Published: February 2020

Neste artigo estaremos discutindo a desigualdade salarial de gênero (unequal gender pay) e o abismo salarial entre os gêneros (gender pay gap) mostrando que embora os dois fenômenos façam parte da mesma lógica, ou seja, a injusta lógica de desvalorização das mulheres e do trabalho feminino, eles são dois fenômenos distintos. A desigualdade salarial de gênero acontece quando homens e mulheres recebem da mesma fonte pagadora salários distintos pelo mesmo trabalho, ou seja, os homens recebem mais para realizar o mesmo trabalho que as mulheres realizam. Já o abismo salarial (pay gap), acontece quando é feita a média dos salários pagos por uma empresa ou organização aos seus trabalhadores e verifica-se que a média salarial dos homens é maior que a média salarial das mulheres. Discutimos aqui porque estas desigualdades acontecem e propomos seis explicações de ordem cultural, moral e psicológica para os fenômenos, a saber, a ganância masculina, o apelo ao "direito natural" do pai de família, o falso mito da maior produtividade masculina, o "apelo do pavão", o efeito Matilda e o princípio Fannie Hurst.
A questão da opressão para Angela Davis
Authors: Longo Cardoso Dias Maria Cristina
Published: February 2020

Este texto propõe-se a trabalhar, principalmente, os livros:1) Mulheres, Raça e Classe, 2) Mulheres, Cultura e Política e 3) A Liberdadeé uma Luta Constante de Angela Davis. Este artigo procuramostrar como, para a autora, as opressões sexistas, racistas e declasse estão inter-relacionadas e são constantemente reproduzidas,no modo de produção capitalista, embora a realidade apareça de formafragmentada. Tendo em vista que as opressões estão intrinsecamenterelacionadas, entende-se que as lutas e resistências precisamerguer-se de forma conjunta para, de fato, fazer frente ao conjuntodas injustiças. Lutas não potentes ocorrem quando um grupo oprimidotenta deixar de ser oprimido juntando-se ao grupo opressor, poroutro lado, lutas potentes ocorrem quando oprimidos e oprimidas dediversas causas unem-se e apoiam-se mutuamente no conjunto dosmovimentos contra-hegemônicos.
Alan Gratz’ın “Refugee” ve Peter Härtling’in “Djadi, Flüchtlingsjunge” Adlı Romanlarında Mülteci Çocuklar
Authors: Güngör Hasret , Kızıler Emer Funda
Published: January 2020

Bu makalede, 21. yüzyıl Alman edebiyatının yetkin bir temsilcisi olan Peter Härtling’in “Djadi, Flüchtlingsjunge” (2016) adlı romanı ile Amerikan edebiyatının tanınmış bir yazarı olan Alan Gratz’ın, “Refugee” (2017) adlı, biri Almanca, diğeri İngilizce olarak kaleme alınmış olan eserleri mültecilik sorunsalı ekseninde, özellikle mülteci olarak yaşamanın çocuk psikolojisine yansımaları açısından karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilecektir. Çalışmamızda esasen, edebiyat ve gerçeklik arasındaki göbek bağından hareketle, gerçek dünyanın acil çözüm bekleyen kanayan yarası olan mülteci sorununa kurmaca dünyadan yükselen mülteci çocukların iç çığlıklarıyla dikkat çekmeyi amaç edindik. İçinde yaşadığımız 21. yüzyılda tüm dünya ülkelerinin, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan bu yana gerçekleşen en geniş ölçekli mülteci hareketi ile karşı karşıya kalıp yüzleştiği görülmektedir. Son yıllarda yeryüzünün çeşitli yerlerinde meydana gelen bölgesel savaşlar sebebiyle mülteci ve sığınmacı yetişkin ve çocuk sayısı ciddi ölçüde artış göstermiştir. Mülteci grupları tarafından genel olarak karşılaşılan ve makalede ayrıntılı olarak tespit edilen zorluklar henüz reşit olmamış mülteci çocuklar açısından ciddi psikolojik etkilere sebebiyet vermektedir. Gerçek dünyadan aldığı kaynaklarla beslenen edebiyatın kurmaca dünyası da içinde vücut bulduğu çağın en öne çıkan sorunu olan mültecilik sorununa duyarsız kalmamış ve bu sorunu farklı açılardan işlemeye başlamıştır. Nitekim milenyum edebiyatından karşılaştırmak üzere özenle seçtiğimiz bu eserlerde mültecilik sorunu, özellikle çocuk psikolojisine yansımaları açısından ele alınmıştır. Bu nedenle çalışmada, eserlerdeki kurmaca mülteci çocukların, gerçek dünyadaki aktörlerle olan benzerlikleri sorgulanacaktır. Eserlerin kurmaca dünyasında, mülteci çocukların gerçek hayatta yüzleşmek zorunda kaldığı bu ve benzeri sorunların ne kadarına ne ölçüde değinildiği, bu sorunlara hangi açılardan ve nasıl bir tutumla yaklaşılıp yer verildiği incelenecektir. Çalışmamızda her şeyden önce karşılaştırma yöntemi kullanılacaktır. Birbirine yakın dönemlerde yazılmış olan, yani tarihsel ve toplumsal açıdan birbirine benzer olguların yaşandığı bir zamanda üretilmiş olan bu eserler “tipolojik karşılaştırma” yöntemiyle karşılaştırılacak, ayrıca tarihsel-toplumsal, psikanalitik, pozitivist eleştiri ve edebiyat sosyolojisi yöntemlerinden yararlanılacaktır.
The Emerging Roles of Exosomes in the Chemoresistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jie , Song Qianqian , Wu Mengna , Zheng Wenjie
Published: January 2020

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common gastrointestinal malignancy with a leading
incidence of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite the progress of treatment options, there
remains low efficacy for patients with intermediate-advanced HCC, due to tumor metastasis, recurrence
and chemoresistance. Increasing evidence suggests that exosomes in the tumor microenvironment
(TME), along with other extracellular vesicles (EVs) and cytokines, contribute to the drug chemosensitivity
of cancer cells. Exosomes, the intercellular communicators in various biological activities, have
shown to play important roles in HCC progression. This review summarizes the underlying associations
between exosomes and chemoresistance of HCC cells. The exosomes derived from distinct cell types
mediate the drug resistance by regulating drug efflux, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer
stem cell (CSC) properties, autophagic phenotypes, as well as the immune response. In summary,
TME-related exosomes can be a potential target to reverse chemoresistance and a candidate biomarker
of drug efficacy in HCC patients.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis in HIV and Kaposi's Sarcoma Disease by Microarray Technique
Authors: Koyuncu Ismail , Gönel Ataman , Ozcan Emrah , Temiz Ebru , Toprak Şahin , Akkafa Feridun , Binici Irfan
Published: January 2020

Background:

Emergence of Kaposi's Sarcoma in the cases other than HIV, following the
use of immunosuppressant drugs, demonstrates that it is related to weak immunity. The fact that this
malignancy does not occur in every HIV-positive patient suggests that genetic predisposition may
also be effective. Replacement of one of the base pairs of adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
that constitute the DNA sequence in the human genome with another base pair can affect susceptibility
to disease, response to treatment, and immunity.

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to analyze the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism that could
predispose to Kaposi's sarcoma of an HIV-infected patient and to identify which nucleotides such
SNPs correspond to, using the microarray technology.

Material and Method:

The blood samples of individuals, one of whom was diagnosed with Kaposi's
Sarcoma HIV (+) visiting the outpatient clinic of infectious diseases polyclinic of Harran University
Research and Practice Hospital and of a healthy individual with no Kaposi's Sarcoma, were
used in the study. Following the DNA isolation of the blood samples taken from the respective individuals,
a SNP analysis was conducted on the microarray device. 204,000 SNPs obtained were
scanned later on in the databases in an attempt to identify the SNPs related to Kaposi's Sarcoma.

Results:

In the 204,000 SNP screenings, we scrutinized the SNPs that differ in the case of Kaposi's
Sarcoma [KS (+) and HIV (+)] on the basis of Control [KS(-) and HIV(-)] and HIV+ [KS(-)], and
two SNPs of the ENDRA gene, three SNPs of the ADRA1A gene, six SNPs of the STIM1 gene,
four SNPs of the EFNB2 gene, and one SNP of the CD209 gene were found to be different. However,
when it comes to all SNPs (all the 204.000 SNPs) screened in terms of allele, it was observed
that the AA and BB alleles were lower in the patient with Kaposi's Sarcoma [KS (+) and HIV (+)]
compared to other groups and AB alleles were found to be higher than others in the patient with Kaposi's
sarcoma [KS] (+) and HIV (+)].

Conclusion:

In the microarray study we have conducted, 204,000 SNPs were screened for Control
(HIV-) HIV (+) and HIV (+) patient with Kaposi's Sarcoma. It was found that 32,362 of those SNPs
had different alleles in the Kaposi's Sarcoma [KS + HIV (+)] patient, while they had the same ones
in the control [KS (-) and HIV (-)] and HIV + [KS (-)] group. 16 of the 32,362 SNPs took place
among the genes related to Kaposi's Sarcoma. In the cases of Kaposi's Sarcoma with suspected diagnosis,
it can be used as a beneficial laboratory test.
O sistema tributário: a equidade e as perspectivas de crescimento e descentralização
Authors: Da Silva Martins Ives Gandra
Published: February 2020

O texto analisa o sistema tributário nacional, identifica seus principais problemas, situa as propostas e discussões que vêm sendo apresentadas nos últimos anos e sugere uma proposta de reforma para conformação de um novo sistema tributário para o país. Paralelamente, aprofunda as discussões sobre a questão da Federação e das formas de compensar os efeitos de mudanças nas suas esferas de competência.
Balanço e perspectivas do federalismo fiscal no Brasil
Authors: Do Desenvolvimento Administrativo Fundação
Published: February 2020

O projeto "Balanço e Perspectivas do Federalismo Fiscal no Brasil” tem por objetivo analisar os determinantes da crise da federação em suasvárias dimensões. São abordados nos diversos subprojetos temas como o sistema tributário, os fluxos funanceiros públicos, a distribuição de competências na execução das políticas sociais, a análise da dimensão histórica do federalismo brasileiro, entre outros.
Formação de administradores e profissionalização da carreira administrativa
Authors: Bonifácio José Alberto
Published: February 2020

O processo de reforma do Estado começa a estabelecer na ordem nacional exigências que se traduzem na demanda pela modernização da administração pública, inscritas sobretudo no âmbito da profissionalização da carreira administrativa. Constatando a crise dos modelos de carreira vigentes, propõe-se uma reconfiguração da organização de recursos humanos das administrações públicas, face às profundas transfomações porque vem passando o Estado argentino. Assim, o presente artigo discute as formas possíveis de uma adequada interação entre formação e profissionalização, partindo da ideia de que a busca da profissionalização do serviço público implica necessariamente em outorgar maior relevância aos processos de formação e capacitação.
Avaliação das políticas públicas na França
Authors: Stame Meldolesi Nicoletta
Published: February 2020

Após um longo período de discussão sobre a reforma do Estado, a França, em 1990, implementou um sistema interdepartamental para a avaliação das políticas públicas. O aspecto interessante nesta reforma e o meio pelo qual um pequeno grupo de pessoas, de diferentes instituições e com experiências políticas distintas, convenceu-se da importância da avaliação das políticas públicas e se conscientizou dos diversos problemas relativos a esta questão. Finalmente, com uma atitude bipartidária, este grupo foi capaz de criar uma realidade que modifica profundamente o sistema legislativo, tanto no que se refere ao processo decisório quanto ao sistema de implementação das políticas. Neste trabalho, o autor descreve os passos do debate e os recursos das diferentes propostas que acabaram por se transformar no projeto de reforma e na sua implementação.
Evaluación de la gestión RSP pública: conceptos y aplicaciones en el caso latinoamericano
Authors: Bozzi Sonia Ospina
Published: February 2020

Existen en la actualidad importantes esfuerzos para crear indicadores de gestión en toda América Latina. Sin embargo, son pocos los casos en los cuales se puede hablar de la utilización sistemática de estos indicadores para evaluar la gestión de organizaciones, programas y políticas públicas. Ello supone tener instrumentos de evaluación con capacidad para cubrir los niveles micro y meso de la gestión, pero ubicándolos dentro de un contexto más amplio que se relaciona con otros niveles de la acción estatal, tanto nacional como local, y sus interacciones con otros actores de la sociedad civil. La aplicación de una perspectiva sistémica de evaluación representa una agenda urgente dentro del esfuerzo por avanzar en el proceso de modernización del Estado en la región. Existen ya varios países que han avanzado en la dirección adecuada. Entre ellos, se destacan los casos de Chile, Colombia y Costa Rica.
Em torno do avigoramento dos modernos executivos
Authors: Freyre Gilberto
Published: February 2020

Texto publicado na RSP de maio/agosto de 1973 (v. 108, n. 2)
Perfil intra-empreendedor: um estudo inicial em funcionários da Infraero-sede
Authors: Pessoa Eliana , Oliveira Kelly Cristina Nóbrega
Published: February 2020

Considerando os conceitos de intra-empreendedorismo e sua importância para as organizações atualmente, realizou-se pesquisa juntos aos ocupantes do cargo de Profissional de Serviços Aeroportuários (PSA), na sede da Empresa Brasileira de Infra-Estrutura Aeroportuária (Infraero), buscando verificar se eles possuem ou não perfil intra-empreendedor. Utilizou-se um questionário, composto de 28 questões referentes às necessidades e habilidades indispensáveis ao desenvolvimento do intra-empreendedorismo, para avaliar o perfil dos funcionários, bem como levantar as características que apareceram com maior e menor freqüência na amostra selecionada. Como resultado, concluiu-se que a maioria dos empregados pesquisados possui perfil intra-empreendedor, porém necessitando do desenvolvimento de outras características, tais como necessidade de independência e de auto-realização, também imprescindíveis. Foram sugeridas, também, ações que podem ser adotadas na organização para incentivar os trabalhadores a exercer suas capacidades empreendedoras.Palavras-chave: intra-empreendedorismo; capacidade empreendedora; perfil intra-empreendedor; Infraero.
Usucapião
Authors: Andrade Carlos Drummond de
Published: February 2020

Texto publicado na RSP de Jan/Mar de 1982 (ano 39, n.1)
Estado, transnacionalidade e políticas globais
Authors: Moura Alexandrina Sobreira de
Published: February 2020

Texto publicado na RSP de Set/Dez de 1994 (vol. 118, ano 45, n.3) Refletir sobre o Estado moderno requer a compreensão do processo de globalização, que se consolida por meio de atores transnacionais. Dessa maneira, é importante discutir a forma de interação entre o Estado e o setor não-governamental que, atuando como grupos de pressão, cria políticas globais que debilitam gradualmente a centralidade do Estado e geram uma crise de governabilidade. Como as políticas globais são realizadas em instâncias locais, a abordagem beyond the state se torna vunerável na medida em que o Estado é agente, se não definidor, implementador dessas políticas. Para tanto, faz-se oportuna uma associação entre o Estado e o setor não-governamental, permitindo que um processo descentralizador e participativo favoreça os elementos para o redesenho do Estado.
Burocracia profissional e a livre nomeação para cargos de confiança no Brasil e nos EUA
Authors: Dos Santos Luiz Alberto
Published: February 2020

A problemática do emprego de cargos de livre nomeação e exoneração para assegurar o comando político e administrativo na máquina pública tem sido objeto, tanto no Brasil quanto nos EUA, de diversos questionamentos. Este artigo debate a situação em ambos os países, com base em alguns dados esclarecedores obtidos pela comparação entre as estruturas de cargos comissionados e suas quantidades e formas de provimento existentes, no nível do governo federal, relativos à quantidade, tipos e emprego dos cargos em comissão, destacando-se a diferenciação no que se refere ao uso desses cargos, assim como promove, a partir da literatura da área, um exame da influência da utilização dos cargos de livre provimento sob o aspecto do conflito entre competência “neutra” e “competência responsiva”. A partir dos avanços alcançados desde 1998 no Brasil, conclui-se pela necessidade do aprofundamento da profissionalização das estruturas de comissionamento, tendo em vista a possibilidade de que uma estrutura menos vulnerável às injunções da política clientelista possa melhor atender aos princípios da eficiência e da transparência.Palavras-chave: profissionalização, burocracia, governança.
Articulação Federativa na Prestação de Serviços Sociais no Brasil
Authors: Graef Aldino
Published: February 2020

O artigo analisa as mudanças na prestação de serviços públicos a partir da Constituição de 1988, quando um novo pacto federativo acompanhou a redemocratização política, resultando em ampla descentralização para estados e municípios, acompanhada de nova estrutura de repartição dos recursos tributários. Com esse objetivo, resgata-se o processo de formação de sistemas de prestação de serviços baseados na cooperação entre as três esferas de governo, focalizando as áreas de educação, saúde e assistência social. Discutem-se as inovações adotadas com a criação de formas organizacionais de negociação entre os entes federativos; a incorporação da participação social na formulação e controle das políticas públicas; a desburocratização dos fluxos de recursos financeiros e de informações; e a adoção de novos instrumentos jurídicos de descentralização de programas e ações. O texto aponta ainda os impactos dessa descentralização e das formas de articulação federativa, indicando a necessidade de novas reformas nos sistemas administrativos e na política de recursos humanos.Palavras-chave: Descentralização, federalismo, serviços públicos, prestação de serviços.
A relação entre os princípios da eficiência e da economicidade nos contratos administrativos
Authors: Araújo Letícia Malta , Rodrigues Maria Isabel Araújo
Published: February 2020

Este artigo visa averiguar a ocorrência ou não de sobreposição do princípio da economicidade ao da eficiência nos contratos administrativos firmados pela Secretaria de Estado de Turismo de Minas Gerais, durante os exercícios de 2008 e 2009. Buscou-se, inicialmente, o embasamento legal e teórico acerca dos contratos e licitações no âmbito do Direito Administrativo, bem como dos princípios da administração pública. Foram realizados o levantamento e a análise dos contratos de prestação de serviços firmados pela Secretaria utilizando-se de entrevistas e da comparação entre os valores dos contratos e os preços de mercado identificados por esse órgão. A partir das análises, constatou-se, na maioria dos contratos, a observância dos princípios da eficiência e da economicidade. Verificou-se, ainda, que a ligação entre tais princípios deve, necessariamente, ocorrer no contexto dos contratos administrativos, uma vez que a observância de um deles não se configura plenamente quando existe desconformidade com o outro. Foram realiza das sugestões acerca do desenvolvimento dos processos de execução e fiscalização contratual, sendo enfatizada a necessidade de aplicação de técnicas de avaliação dos níveis de eficiência correspondentes aos contratos celebrados pela administração pública.Palavras-chave: contratos administrativos, princípio da eficiência, princípio da economicidade.
Comunicação pública ou marketing político? Um estudo sobre o uso do rádio por duas prefeituras de Pernambuco
Authors: Lucena Ana Paula Costa de
Published: February 2020

O trabalho analisou as práticas de comunicação implementadas pelas prefeituras do Recife e de Caruaru, detendo-se essencialmente nos esforços de comunicação para o cidadão por meio do rádio. Permitiu observar se o ato de comunicar dessas administrações municipais está mais voltado para uma comunicação pública ou para o marketing político. Para isso, a pesquisadora criou indicadores de diferenciação inéditos entre os temas comunicação pública e marketing político. As principais fontes foram os releases, matérias, áudios de programa e sugestões de nota, dos acervos das secretarias de Comunicação das prefeituras do Recife e de Caruaru. Durante o período de análise, observou-se que as prefeituras estudadas estão distantes da prática da comunicação pública. Como resultado, destaca-se o pouco empenho das prefeituras em informar assuntos de interesse público e dialogar com o cidadão.Palavras-chave: Comunicação Pública; Comunicação de Interesse Público; Marketing Político; Rádio; Cidadania.
The Promise and Peril of Mobile Phones for Youth in Rural Uganda: Multimethod Study of Implications for Health and HIV (Preprint)
Authors: Kreniske Philip , Basmajian Alyssa , Nakyanjo Neema , Ddaaki William , Isabirye Dauda , Ssekyewa Charles , Nakubulwa Rosette , Hirsch Jennifer S. , Deisher Andrea , Nalugoda Fred , Chang Larry W , Santelli John S
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

In East Africa, where landlines are used by 1% of the population and access to the internet is limited, owning a cell phone is rapidly becoming essential for acquiring information and resources. Our analysis illuminates the perils and potential promise of mobile phones with implications for future interventions to promote the health of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) and to prevent HIV infection.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to describe the current state of AYAs’ phone use in the region and trace out the implications for mobile health interventions.

METHODS

We identified 2 trading centers that were representative of southern Uganda in terms of key demographics, proportion of cell phone ownership, and community HIV prevalence. We stratified the sample of potential informants by age group (15-19 years and 20-24 years), gender, and phone ownership and randomly sampled 31 key informant interview participants within these categories. In addition, we conducted 24 ethnographic participant observations among AYAs in the communities of study.

RESULTS

AYA frequently reported barriers to using their phones, such as difficulty accessing electricity. Nearly all AYAs used mobile phones to participate in the local economy and communicate with sexual partners. Phone use was frequently a point of contention between sexual partners, with many AYAs reporting that their sexual partners associated phone use with infidelity. Few AYAs reported using their phones for health-related purposes, with most getting health information in person from health workers. However, most AYAs reported an instance when they used their phone in an emergency, with childbirth-related emergencies being the most common. Finally, most AYAs reported that they would like to use their phones for health purposes and specifically stated that they would like to use their mobile phones to access current HIV prevention information.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates how mobile phones are related to income-generating practices in the region and communication with sexual partners but not access to health and HIV information. Our analysis offers some explanation for our previous study, which suggested an association between mobile phone ownership, having multiple sexual partners, and HIV risk. Mobile phones have untapped potential to serve as tools for health promotion and HIV prevention.

CLINICALTRIAL
Telemonitoring Versus Usual Care for Elderly Patients With Heart Failure Discharged From the Hospital in the United States: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Jiang Xinchan , Yao Jiaqi , You Joyce HS
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND

Telemonitoring-guided interventional management reduces the need for hospitalization and mortality of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of usual care with and without telemonitoring-guided management in patients with CHF discharged from the hospital, from the perspective of US health care providers.

METHODS

A lifelong Markov model was designed to estimate outcomes of (1) usual care alone for all postdischarge patients with CHF (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class I-IV), (2) usual care and telemonitoring for all postdischarge patients with CHF, (3) usual care for all postdischarge patients with CHF and telemonitoring for patients with NYHA class III to IV, and (4) usual care for all postdischarge patients with CHF plus telemonitoring for patients with NYHA class II to IV. Model inputs were derived from the literature and public data. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of model. The primary outcomes were total direct medical cost, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).

RESULTS

In the base case analysis, universal telemonitoring group gained the highest QALYs (6.2967 QALYs), followed by the telemonitoring for NYHA class II to IV group (6.2960 QALYs), the telemonitoring for NYHA class III to IV group (6.2450 QALYs), and the universal usual care group (6.1530 QALYs). ICERs of the telemonitoring for NYHA class III to IV group (US $35,393 per QALY) and the telemonitoring for NYHA class II to IV group (US $38,261 per QALY) were lower than the ICER of the universal telemonitoring group (US $100,458 per QALY). One-way sensitivity analysis identified five critical parameters: odds ratio of hospitalization for telemonitoring versus usual care, hazard ratio of all-cause mortality for telemonitoring versus usual care, CHF hospitalization cost and monthly outpatient costs for NYHA class I, and CHF hospitalization cost for NYHA class II. In probabilistic sensitivity analysis, probabilities of the universal telemonitoring, telemonitoring for NYHA class II to IV, telemonitoring for NYHA class III to IV, and universal usual care groups to be accepted as cost-effective at US $50,000 per QALY were 2.76%, 76.31%, 18.6%, and 2.33%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Usual care for all discharged patients with CHF plus telemonitoring-guided management for NYHA class II to IV patients appears to be the preferred cost-effective strategy.
Send us your null results
Authors: Piper Andrew
Published: January 2020

A considerable amount of work has been produced in quantitative fields addressing what has colloquially been called the “replication crisis.”1 By this is meant three related phenomena: 1) the low statistical power of many studies resulting in an inability to reproduce a similar effect size; 2) a bias towards selecting statistically “significant” results for publication; and 3) a tendency to not make data and code available for others to use.
Response by the Special Interest Group on Digital Literary Stylistics to Nan Z. Da’s Study
Authors: Herrmann J. Berenike , Bories Anne-Sophie , Frontini Francesca , Rebora Simone , Rybicki Jan
Published: January 2020

The publication of Nan Z. Da’s study in Critical Inquiry has triggered a debate about the methodological and conceptual dimensions of digitally assisted inquiry in literary studies. Nan Z. Da’s fundamental critique of what she calls “Computational Literary Studies” addresses the work of the international Special Interest Group”DigitalLiterary Stylistics”(SIG-DLS) of the Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations (ADHO). Thus we—the five scholars forming the SIG’s current steering committee—would like to make a short statement.
Great Mistake of Great J. C. Maxwell
Authors: Sizov Robert A.
Published: January 2020

The Maxwell’s vicious electromagnetic concept which can also be defined as electric magnetism occurred as a result of superficial and, exclusively, erroneous impression of the Great Theorist on the famous Oersted Experience. The fateful concept for physical science: “electrons moving in a conductor are direct sources of a magnetic field”, was put forward by Maxwell in the absence of knowledge of real physical processes occurring in a conductor with an electric current. Paradoxical as it may see but this vicious concept, again thanks to the outward impression, has been accepted by the world physical community and dominates in physical science for almost 150 years, as an absolute truth. As the result the true sources of the magnetic field - real magnetic poles (magnetic charges) which are the structural components of atoms and substance, were “buried alive”. It is Maxwell’s vicious electric magnetism that suppressed the interest of scientists in the search for and detection of real magnetic charges in atoms and substance and pushed of the physical theory into the “swamp” of relativism. The author’s experimental and theoretical studies have shown that a main reason for ignoring magnetic charges and, and therefore, the emergence of a vicious concept of electric magnetism, is the radically different physics of the confinement of electrons and magnetic charges in the structures of Physical mass (in atoms, nucleons, substance and others).
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF RACECADOTRIL MUCOADHESIVE MICROSPHERES
Authors: JAMKAR KANCHAN , MUTHA SWATI , HARDIKAR SHARWAREE , KUMBHAR NIKHIL
Published: February 2020

Objective: To develop and evaluate the mucoadhesive microsphere using combinations of natural polymers chitosan and xanthan gum for sustained release.

Methods: In the present work mucoadhesive microspheres were prepared by using natural polymers like chitosan and xanthan gum by using the emulsion chemical cross-linking method. Chemical cross-linking was done by using glutaraldehyde. The 22 factorial design was employed to show the effect of cross-linking agent and processing factor-like stirring and speed. Prepared microspheres were evaluated for their particle size, surface morphology, drug entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release, swelling index, and mucoadhesive strength.

Results: The size of microspheres of factorial batches were in the range of 26-46 µm. The swelling index was showed in the range of 1.51-1.66 percentage. The equation of multiple regression revealed that there was significant interaction among factors. The glutaraldehyde concentration had a positive effect on % entrapment efficiency, % cumulative drug release and % mucoadhesion. Stirring speed showed a negative impact on % entrapment efficiency, % cumulative drug release and % mucoadhesion. The interactive effect of glutaraldehyde concentration and the stirring speed was found to be positive for % entrapment efficiency and % cumulative drug release. In vitro drug release study of optimized formulation F2 show 96 % of drug release with 6 h indicating sustained release behavior with diffusion mechanism. The SEM image of the optimized batch was spherical with a porous surface.

Conclusion: The results obtained in this research work indicated that a promising potential of chitosan and xanthan gum combination for the preparation of the mucoadhesive microsphere of Racecadotril.
Murciélago gris de saco (Balantiopteryx plicata) atrapado en una red de araña de seda dorada (Nephila sp.) en Oaxaca
Authors: Nieto-Toscano Luis Francisco , Martínez-Coronel Matías
Published: January 2020

ResumenEn esta nota se reporta la observación de un murciélago Balantiopteryx plicata, atrapado en una red de la araña Nephila sp. en una selva baja caducifolia en Pinotepa Nacional, Oaxaca. La hora y condiciones en que el murciélago fue encontrado indican que el ejemplar no fue atacado por la araña y posiblemente moriría de inanición, deshidratación e insolación si no hubiese sido liberado. Esta observación es el primer registro en México de un murciélago atrapado en una telaraña.Palabras clave: Balantiopteryx plicata, depredación, Emballonuridae, Nephila sp., Pinotepa Nacional, Oaxaca, red de seda de araña.AbstractWe report the observation of a bat (Balantiopteryx plicata) trapped in a spider web (Nephila sp.), which was found alongside a temporary stream in a low tropical deciduous forest, in Pinotepa Nacional, Oaxaca. The bat was found in good condition, which indicates that the specimen was not attacked by the spider and it had no signs of dehydration and insolation, when it was released. This observation is the first record of a bat trapped in a spider web in Mexico.Key words: Balantiopteryx plicata, Emballonuridae, Nephila sp., Pinotepa Nacional-Oaxaca, predation, spider silk.
Learning Arabic Translation at Islamic Boarding School in Madura
Authors: Mahbubah Latifatul , Biahmada Ahmad Mufatis Maqdum , Mauludiyah Lailatul
Published: January 2020

The study aimed to describe the method of learning turats book with a translation model in al-Amin Islamic boarding schools. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with the process of analysis deductively. The process of data retrieval was based on direct observation of the learning process in Ma’had Al-Amin. The results of this study were the process of learning turats book material using the Harfiyah translation or literal translation process. The learning process is supported by the existence of “syamil” book which contains of material on qawaid. With the existence of the book, students were able to translate books containing subject matter with the help of the book of syamil. Therefore, the purpose of learning can be directly conveyed and students' understanding of qawaid translation if it can be done outside the classroom.
A RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL DO REGISTRADOR NO REGISTRO ELETRÔNICO
THE CIVIL LIABILITY OF THE REAL ESTATE REGISTER IN THE ELECTRONIC REGISTRY
Authors: Gemnizack Luciane Oliveira , Berwig Juliane Altmann
Published: February 2020

Para acompanhar o avanço da tecnologia e as novas demandas da sociedade, foi instituído o registro eletrônico de imóveis. Com ele, os serviços prestados pelo registro de imóveis serão realizados de forma mais ágil e eficaz, pois diminuirá custos e burocracias para aquisição de documentos e informações, além do controle dos serviços, que serão realizados, inteiramente de maneira eletrônica. No entanto, em virtude desse avanço tecnológico, algumas preocupações recaem sobre os registradores. Dentre elas está a preservação da segurança jurídica e a consequente responsabilidade civil, que mesmo constando expressamente em lei suas diretrizes, ainda pairam inúmeras discussões. Objetiva-se explanar sobre a responsabilidade civil que recai sobre o Oficial, considerando que inexiste norma regulamentadora específica com relação ao registro eletrônico. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, além dos métodos histórico e dedutivo. Como resultado preliminar, pode-se apontar que, alguns doutrinadores entendem que o registro eletrônico acarretará certa insegurança aos atos praticados, uma vez que os dados estarão circulando na rede. Porém, a maioria acredita que cabe a eles, a função de se adequar às exigências legais, ressaltando a importância e valorizando os inúmeros benefícios que o registro eletrônico proporcionará a todos.
Расстояния Громова – Хаусдорфа до симплексов
Authors: Григорьев Д. С. , Иванов Александр Олегович , Тужилин Алексей Августинович
Published: January 2020

В работе изучаются геометрические характеристики метрических пространств, участ-вующие в формулах расстояний Громова–Хаусдорфа от этих пространств до так называе-мых симплексов, т.е. метрических пространств, в которых все ненулевые расстояния равнымежду собой. При вычислении этих расстояний важную роль играет геометрия разбиенийэтих пространств, приводящая, в случае конечных пространств, к аналогу длин реберминимального остовного дерева. Ранее была разработана аналогичная теория для ком-пактных метрических пространств. Эти результаты обобщены на случай произвольногоограниченного пространства, упрощая при этом ряд доказательств, а также выписываяявные формулы
Распределение значений функции Жордана в классах вычетов
Authors: Громаковская Лариса Александровна , Широков Борис Михайлович
Published: January 2020

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Свойства элементов прямых произведений полей
Authors: Матвеев Владимир Юрьевич
Published: January 2020

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