bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of the Coronal Environment in the Formation of Four Shocks Observed without Coronal Mass Ejections at Earth’s Lagrangian Point L1
Authors: Pick M. , Magdalenić J. , Cornilleau-Wehrlin N. , Grison B. , Schmieder B. , Bocchialini K.
Published: June 2020

The main goal of this study is to determine the solar origin of four single shocks observed at the Lagrange point L1 and followed by storm sudden commencements (SSCs) during 2002. We look for associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs), starting from estimates of the transit time from Sun to Earth. For each CME, we investigate its association with a radio type II burst, an indicator of the presence of a shock wave. For three of the events, the type II burst is shown to propagate along the same, or a similar, direction as the fastest segment of the CME leading edge. We analyze for each event the role of the coronal environment in the CME development, the shock formation, and their propagation, to finally identify its complex evolution. The ballistic velocity of these shocks during their propagation from the corona to L1 is compared to the shock velocity at L1. Based on a detailed analysis of the shock propagation and possible interactions up to 30 solar radii, we find a coherent velocity evolution for each event, in particular for one event, the 2002 April 14 SSC, for which a previous study did not find a satisfactory CME source. For the other three events, we observe the formation of a white-light shock overlying the different sources associated with those events. The localization of the event sources over the poles, together with an origin of the shocks being due to encounters of CMEs, can explain why at L1 we observe only single shocks and not interplanetary CMEs.
Magnetic Fields in the Early Stages of Massive Star Formation as Revealed by ALMA
Authors: Liu Junhao , Zhang Qizhou , Qiu Keping , Baobab Liu Hauyu , Pillai Thushara , Miquel Girart Josep , Li Zhi-Yun , Wang Ke
Published: June 2020

We present 1.3 mm ALMA dust polarization observations at a resolution of ∼0.02 pc for three massive molecular clumps, MM1, MM4, and MM9, in the infrared dark cloud G28.34+0.06. With these sensitive and high-resolution continuum data, MM1 is resolved into a cluster of condensations. The magnetic field structure in each clump is revealed by the polarized emission. We found a trend of decreasing polarized emission fraction with increasing Stokes I intensities in MM1 and MM4. Using the angular dispersion function method (a modified Davis–Chandrasekhar–Fermi method), the plane-of-sky magnetic field strengths in two massive dense cores, MM1-Core1 and MM4-Core4, are estimated to be ∼1.6 mG and ∼0.32 mG, respectively. The virial parameters in MM1-Core1 and MM4-Core4 are calculated to be ∼0.76 and ∼0.37, respectively, suggesting that massive star formation does not start in equilibrium. Using the polarization-intensity gradient-local gravity method, we found that the local gravity is closely aligned with intensity gradient in the three clumps, and the magnetic field tends to be aligned with the local gravity in MM1 and MM4 except for regions near the emission peak, which suggests that the gravity plays a dominant role in regulating the gas collapse. Half of the outflows in MM4 and MM9 are found to be aligned within 10° of the condensation-scale (<0.05 pc) magnetic field, indicating that the magnetic field could play an important role from condensation to disk scale in the early stage of massive star formation.
Atrial fibrillation: Importance of real world data from regional registries. A focus on the BALKAN-AF registry
Authors: Kozieł Monika , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Potpara Tatjana S.
Published: June 2020

Real world registries of patients with atrial fi brillation (AF) have provided important evidence on contemporary AF management and adherence to guidelines in real-world patients across most of regions in Europe. While prospective randomized clinical trials are the ‘gold standard’ of evidence, we recognize that trials have specifi c inclusion/exclusion criteria and many groups of patients can be under-represented. Thus, real world evidence is needed to supplement and augment the evidence, especially for the under-represented patient groups (eg. the very elderly and frail, ethnic minorities, end stage renal failure, those in nursing homes, cognitive impairment, etc) that have been largely under-represented or excluded from clinical trials. The BALKAN-AF survey is the largest prospective, multicenter (a total of 49 centres), observational AF dataset from the Balkans, a European region inhabited by about 10% of the European population that has been under-represented in many prior clinical trials or registries. In BALKAN-AF, data regarding consecutive subjects with electrocardiographically documented non-valvular AF were collected in seven Balkan countries (Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Montenegro, Romania and Serbia) by a cardiologist or an internal medicine specialist where cardiologist was not available. The Serbian Atrial Fibrillation Association created and conducted the BALKAN-AF survey (performed from December 2014 to February 2015).
Politiques familiales, emploi et représentations collectives : des différences Est/Ouest qui s’atténuent
Authors: Fagnani Jeanne , Lestrade Brigitte
Published: June 2020

Avant l’unification de l’Allemagne, les femmes à l’Est, qu’elles aient ou non des enfants à charge, travaillaient à plein temps, alors qu’à l’Ouest persistait le modèle du male breadwinner . Depuis la chute du Mur, les deux modèles ont changé, le premier brutalement, dans la foulée de l’écroulement de l’économie est-allemande, le second progressivement, suite aux adaptations de la politique familiale et à l’évolution des mentalités. Au cours de la dernière décennie, a-t-on observé une atténuation des différences entre les nouveaux et anciens Länder au regard du taux d’emploi et des modalités de participation au marché du travail des mères ? Et si oui, quelles en sont les raisons ?
Les Big Three de l’automobile renouvellent leurs conventions collectives sous pressions
Authors: Sauviat Catherine
Published: June 2020

Le renouvellement des conventions collectives chez les trois grands constructeurs automobiles américains a été marqué par de nombreuses incertitudes pour le secteur. Le syndicat UAW, particulièrement affaibli par une enquête du FBI pour corruption avérée de ses plus hauts dirigeants, a su néanmoins utiliser l’arme de la grève pour non seulement défendre certains acquis, mais aussi pour accélérer la transition devant aboutir à l’élimination de la double grille des salaires introduite juste avant la grande récession.
Le COVID-19 et la fin de l’innocence technologique
Authors: Gomart Thomas
Published: June 2020

Le COVID-19 agit comme un catalyseur dans les relations internationales. Il accélère et amplifie des tendances qu’on voyait poindre avant la crise, comme le rôle central et croissant du cyberespace, la consécration d’un capitalisme de surveillance ou l’aiguisement de la rivalité sino-américaine. L’Europe est en train de devenir un champ d’affrontement majeur entre Washington et Pékin. Le maintien d’une souveraineté européenne passera par des investissements importants, notamment dans la 5G.
La négociation post-Brexit : un chemin semé d’embûches
Authors: Considère-Charon Marie-Claire
Published: June 2020

En remportant les élections législatives de décembre 2019 à une large majorité, Boris Johnson a obtenu les coudées franches pour négocier les termes de la rupture entre le Royaume-Uni et l’Union européenne. Après avoir été reporté à plusieurs reprises, le Brexit a eu lieu le 31 janvier 2020. Une période de transition s’est alors ouverte qui doit permettre de fixer les conditions des futures relations entre Londres et l’UE. Les points d’achoppement s’annoncent nombreux et les négociations ardues.
Clinique du Soin aux Bords de la Rivière du Xingu
Authors: Katz Ilana , Dunker Christian Ingo Lenz , Finguermann Elisa
Published: June 2020

La population riveraine de la Rivière Xingu a souffert tout type de violations des droits humains lors du processus d’installation de l’Usine hydroélectrique de Belo Monte, dans l’Amazonie brésilienne. Le changement radical de son mode de vie a constitué une condition d’extrême vulnérabilité sociale. Cet article prétend discuter la construction de la Clinique de Soin, un dispositif clinique d’attention à la souffrance psychique fondé sur l’écoute articulée à l’expérience territoriale. Il est méthodologiquement orienté par la psychanalyse et a impliqué une proposition d’attention et témoignage de façon présentielle auprès de la communauté atteinte. Nous avons l'intention de réfléchir au caractère aliénant de la suppléance identitaire présente sur le territoire comme une réponse possible face à la violence subie. Entre la négation de l’impossible retour à ce qui a été perdu (exprimé par la demande du discours de la lutte pour la restitution du passé) et l’impuissance (exprimée par le corps tombé malade qui immobilise le sujet), la psychanalyse offre une troisième voie de guérison. L’intervention a démontré que, dans la plupart des cas reçus, il y a eu un changement de position du côté du sujet. L’éthique de la psychanalyse, régulatrice de cette clinique, a trouvé sa place dans la fonction désir de l’analyste afin de soutenir, en tant que seul élément incontournable au « faire » de l’analyste, la réalisation d'un tel travail clinique.
Vers une approche développementale du design
Authors: Gourlet Pauline
Published: June 2020

Quel(s) rôle(s) le design pourrait-il tenir face à la crise paradigmatique résumée dans la notion aujourd’hui largement mobilisée d’Anthropocène ? Plusieurs tentatives de redéfinition du champ émergent, et on assiste un peu partout à une mutation des objets, des pratiques et des postures des designers. Dans le contexte de cette mutation, cet article présente des concepts issus de la psychologie développementale et les prend comme point de départ pour proposer une approche développementale du design. Cette approche dessine un design au présent, émancipé de la notion de projet et de l’ambition d’amélioration de l’habitabilité du monde : elle vise à (re)configurer les formes de l’agir collectif et les relations entre les entités agissantes, au sein des situations. Il devient alors primordial d’outiller l’attention aux processus fins de transformation à l’œuvre et aux devenirs de chaque entité à partir des activités situées et des « dialogues-en-actes » qui s’y déroulent.
Insects as feed: house fly or black soldier fly?
Authors: van Huis A. , Oonincx D.G.A.B. , Rojo S. , Tomberlin J.K.
Published: June 2020

Industrialised rearing of house flies and black soldier flies in systems for producing protein offers numerous species-specific benefits and challenges. These two dipteran species offer great potential for mass production of protein rich feed ingredients on a global scale. Through this systematic review, various facets of intensive production of these species are evaluated according to criteria, such as development time, abiotic tolerance, ease of rearing, environmental impact, safety risks, range of possible organic side streams, and their role in bioconversion.
Cultural tourism: A methodological approach based on the knowledge of its demand
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez María Dolores , De-Pablos-Heredero Carmen , Montes-Botella José Luis
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research is to propose and validate a conceptual model that measures the degree of satisfaction of cultural tourists. The model could help us to better understand this segment of the market and identify factors that explain the degree of customer satisfaction. In terms of methodology, a hypothetical-deductive method has been applied. After reviewing the literature, five hypotheses have been proposed, integrated into an exploratory model. The model has been validated by a structural equations model (SEM) and estimated with data from the Survey on Resident Tourism/FAMILITUR, conducted by the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE). The results assess the significance of sociocultural variables and tourist experience, and the null influence of satisfaction as a predictor of repeat visits. The model permits confirming a set of appropriate variables to analyze the satisfaction of Spanish internal demand with a cultural motivation, on local trips. Given the growing importance of cultural tourism worldwide, the proposed model can become an interesting tool for the management of the touristic positioning of destinations with a cultural heritage, as it helps us to understand the satisfaction and loyalty of the tourist flow.
Characteristics of Pyogenic Musculoskeletal Infections in Older Children and Adolescents
Authors: Pierrie Sarah N. , Scannell Brian P. , Brighton Brian K. , Vanderhave Kelly L.
Published: June 2020

The characteristics and clinical consequences of pyogenic bone and joint infections in older children and adolescents have received little attention. This study evaluated the presentation and complications of musculoskeletal infections involving the pelvis and extremities in children older than 10 years. Thirty patients 10 to 17 years old (mean, 12.7 years old) were treated for musculoskeletal infections. Mean time to diagnosis was 9.2 days. Prior to correct diagnosis, 83% were assessed by at least 1 outpatient provider. At the time of admission, 55% were weight bearing and 93% were afebrile. Twenty-eight percent had a multifocal infection. More than one-third had serious medical complications or orthopedic sequelae; compared with patients without complications, this group had a significantly higher admission C-reactive protein and longer hospital stay. Symptoms of musculoskeletal infection common among young children may be absent in adolescents. Axial imaging is recommended to identify adjacent or multifocal disease. The Kocher criteria are less sensitive for septic hip arthritis in the adolescent population. Prompt recognition and treatment are critical to avoid medical and musculoskeletal complications. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(4):e291–e298.]
Nutritional Counseling Program for Morbidly Obese Patients Enables Weight Optimization for Safe Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Lingamfelter Max , Orozco Fabio R. , Beck Ciara N. , Harrer Michael F. , Post Zachary D. , Ong Alvin C. , Ponzio Danielle Y.
Published: June 2020

Obesity affects one-third of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients and is the most common modifiable risk factor for increased complications in the TJA population. The authors' institution implemented a body mass index (BMI) cutoff of 40 kg/m
2
to define appropriate TJA candidates. Patients above the cutoff were referred for nutritional counseling. The study objective was to evaluate the efficacy of this protocol in optimizing patient BMI for safe and successful TJA. Between 2016 and 2018, the authors examined 133 patients (mean age, 62.6 years) with a BMI greater than 40 kg/m
2
seeking TJA (94 knee, 39 hip) seen by an arthroplasty surgeon and then a dietitian. Outcomes included weight loss, change in BMI, duration of counseling, and surgical status. For postoperative patients, 90-day complications were recorded. A total of 102 (92%) patients achieved weight loss during a mean 154 days (range, 8–601 days). Patients lost a mean of 17 lb, lowering their BMI by 2.7 points (range, +6.3 to −17.7 points). Twenty-two patients discontinued nutritional counseling after 1 visit, most commonly secondary to cost when not covered by insurance. Seventy-one patients successfully underwent TJA, representing 64% of those patients who participated in nutritional counseling. Complications included delayed wound healing (n=2), periprosthetic fracture (n=2), infection (n=1), cellulitis (n=1), and peroneal nerve palsy (n=1). Surgeons must actively counsel obese patients about weight optimization as part of the preoperative standard of care. Nutritional counseling with a dietitian and follow-up with the surgeon translated to safe and successful TJA in a majority of patients. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(4):e316–e322.]
A Dual-Motor Drill Reduces Plunge, Simultaneously Gauges Depth, and Saves Time When Placing Orthopedic Screws
Authors: Lang Sarah D. , Gilmer Brian B.
Published: June 2020

The technique for placement of orthopedic hardware remains unchanged despite technological advances. The surgeon controls drill bit speed and advancement, which risks drill bit overpenetration, or plunge. Measurement is performed as an additional step, introducing measurement error and increasing operative time. A dual-motor drill was created to control drill variables and combine drilling and measurement into a single step. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a dual-motor drill could reduce drilling and measurement errors while increasing the speed of placement of orthopedic hardware. Five orthopedic surgeons drilled and measured 10 holes with a standard drill and a dual-motor drill in randomized bicortical bone blocks. The bone blocks were placed on standard ballistic gels, which left a defect from drill bit overpenetration that could be measured with a calibrated gauge. The accuracy of drilling was determined by the depth of the defect in the ballistic gel and was compared between groups. Finally, time for drilling and measurement was collected and compared between groups. Overpenetration for the dual-motor drill (0.5±0.3 mm) was significantly less than for the standard drill (8.4±1.9 mm) (
P
<.0001). Depth measurement error for the dual-motor drill (0.6±0.3 mm) was significantly less than for the standard drill (2.6±0.5 mm) (
P
<.0001). Drilling and measurement time for the dual-motor drill (6.0±2.2 seconds) was significantly less than for the standard drill (13.4±3.9 seconds) (
P
<.0001). Use of a dual-motor drill reduced overpenetration, improved measurement accuracy, and reduced time spent during placement of orthopedic hardware. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(5):e465–e470.]
Effect of Global Fracture Care Billing on Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Curtis Daniel M. , Lee Cody S. , Boyajian Haroutioun H. , Lee Michael J. , Conti Mica Megan , Shi Lewis L.
Published: June 2020

Nonoperative distal radius fracture treatment without manipulation can be coded and billed in a global fee or itemized structure. Little is known regarding the association between these coding/billing structures and subsequent clinical care. The MarketScan Research Database (IBM, Armonk, New York) was retrospectively queried for patients with a distal radius fracture diagnosis code from 2003 to 2014. Patients with a
Current Procedural Terminology
code for surgical treatment or closed treatment with manipulation were excluded. The remaining nonoperatively treated patients were separated based on billing structure. Results were analyzed for provider initiating global fracture care, as well as the likelihood and frequency of follow-up visits related to the injury for each group. A total of 381,561 patients were identified based on inclusion criteria. Global fracture care billing was initiated for 177,153 (46%) patients, whereas itemized billing was performed for 204,408 (54%) patients. Orthopedic surgeons were the most likely provider (69%) to initiate global fracture care after diagnosis of distal radius fracture. Emergency physicians were the second most common specialty (6%). Patients for whom global fracture care was initiated were more likely to not receive any follow-up office visits compared with patients for whom itemized billing was performed (39.2% vs 25.4%). Additionally, patients with global billing had significantly fewer office visits during the 90-day global period (1.3 vs 2.3). This study demonstrates that patients billed via global fracture care have less frequent follow-up and fewer office visits during the 90-day global period than patients billed in itemized fashion. [
Orthopedics
. 2020;43(5);e471–e475.]
State of Exception: The Birthplace of Kafka’s Narrative Authority
Authors: Biti Vladimir
Published: June 2020

Across the postimperial East Central Europe, whose geopolitical space was reconfigured on the model of West European nation-states, unprocessed human residues proliferated as the collateral effects of politically guided national homogenizations. These positional outsiders, who were prevented from becoming legible within the newly established political spaces, take center stage in Kafka’s narratives, not only in the form of their characters but also their narrators and ultimate authority. They passionately attach themselves to the zones of indistinction, which the modern societies’ “egalitarian discrimination” has doomed them to, thus trying to turn their enforced dispossession into a chosen self-dispossession. I argue that Kafka’s narratives owe their elusive ultimate authority precisely to this persistent translation of the political state of exception of his agencies into their literary state of exemption. They are at constant pains to transfigure the imposed state of exception through its peculiar fictional adoption, but Kafka’s ultimate narrative authority nevertheless takes care to keep an edge over their efforts. It is precisely this never-ending gradation of subversive mimicry in Kafka’s works that his postcolonial successor J. M. Coetzee most admired.
Sram in krivda v kratki zgodbi »Marija, pomagaj« Suzane Tratnik
Authors: Koron Alenka
Published: June 2020

Afekti in emocije so že od antike naprej prepoznani kot bistveni del literarne izkušnje, a med prevlado strukturalizma so bili izključeni iz obravnave pripovedne literature. Izrecni interes zanje se je v naratoloških diskurzih pojavil šele v zadnjih desetletjih z nastajajočo paradigmo sodobnih študij afekta. Pri tem so svojo vlogo odigrali različni vplivi, izročilo pojmov v poetiki, retoriki in psihoanalizi, novejši nevroznanstveni, kognitivni in evolucijski pristopi k pripovedi ter še posebej feministična naratologija in kvirovske teoretske konceptualizacije občutij, v zadnjem času pa tudi deleuzovska pojmovanja afekta. V članku se opiram na sinkretični model pripovednega svetotvorja (narrative worldmaking), ki ga je v dialogu z naštetimi vplivi ter upoštevanjem Paula Ricoeura in Bruna Latoura razvila Claudia Breger. V svojem branju kratke zgodbe »Marija, pomagaj« iz knjige Noben glas (2016) sodobne pisateljice in lezbične aktivistke Suzane Tratnik skušam v procesu pripovednega svetotvorja sondirati pripovedno produktivnost sramu in krivde kot družbenih afektov ter osvetliti tip bralskega angažmaja, h kateremu vabi njen diskurz.
Mujeres que piden: estrategias diversas en un contexto de crisis. La provincia de Buenos Aires entre 1913 y 1920
Authors: De Paz Trueba Yolanda , Bracamonte Lucía
Published: June 2020

En un marco de crisis económica y de retracción del crecimiento en la provincia de Buenos Aires, se dio un aumento de las demandas vinculadas a la pobreza. Este artículo busca analizar las solicitudes entabladas por mujeres al Estado de nivel municipal, en clave de estrategias para resolver alguna de estas carencias, propias o ajenas. Así, por medio de diversas peticiones de mujeres de la elite pero también de trabajadoras pobres, se busca analizar qué pedían y qué concepción manifestaban en relación a las obligaciones públicas que el Estado tenía con respecto a sus necesidades.
Política y prensa catalanistas en Buenos Aires: la inmigración y el compromiso ideológico en las «Glosses Femenines» de Gràcia Bassa de Llorens
Authors: Lucci Marcela
Published: June 2020

La colectividad catalana de Buenos Aires se caracterizó por su heterogeneidad. Los «catalanes de América» porteños se destacaron por su compromiso cultural y político catalanista, que difundían a través del periodismo. Analizaremos el pensamiento de la docente, periodista, folclorista y poeta catalanista Gràcia Bassa de Llorens en las «Glosses Femenines» que publicó entre 1917 y 1925 en la revista Ressorgiment de Buenos Aires para indagar en la manera en que fomentaron el compromiso político femenino y difundieron el imaginario catalanista entre la colectividad catalana de América.
Un lector beligerante. Las lecturas de Manuel José de Lavardén
Authors: Maggio-Ramírez Matías
Published: June 2020

Manuel José de Lavardén, poeta y dramaturgo bonaerense, publicó bajo seudónimo una carta en 1802 en el Semanario de Agricultura, Industria y Comercio de Juan Hipólito Vieytes. Allí cuestionó las lecturas que los eruditos europeos realizaron sobre España y América. El poeta criticó con ahínco los ensayos de ingleses, franceses e italianos que trataron sobre España y América sin nunca haber visitado esos territorios. La epístola de Lavardén evidenció el conocimiento de la cultura impresa europea, su circulación en el Río de la Plata y le sirvió para destacar la civilidad de las costumbres como una estrategia para reforzar la identidad española y americana.
Editorial: Zero Trust based Internet of Things
Authors: Li Shancang
Published: June 2020

Zero trust is an emerging framework aims at enhancing the security of Internet of Things (IoT), which connects billions of smart devices. Speciﬁcally, the zero trust security shows great beneﬁts for securing unmanaged devices that might be unable to run computational expensive cryptographic suits.This editorial will introduce the zero trust IoT (zIoT) and its application in new IoT era.
Policy Storms at the Central Office: Conflicting Narratives of Racial Equity and Segregation at School Committee Meetings
Authors: Wilcox Serena M
Published: June 2020

This article reports findings from a multiyear critical ethnography that examined race talk dilemmas of school leaders at the central office at a small urban school district to understand why racialized educational policies and practices still persist against African American students. This study takes a structural approach to investigating the impact that race talk has on educational policymaking at the local district level. The guiding research question in this paper examines how we can understand educational reform and policy implementation and the unintended consequences of those interventions through the local from a historical context.
COVID-19 Status in Nepal and the Way Forward
Authors: Budhathoki Pravash , Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Khadka Sitaram , Giri Santoshi
Published: June 2020

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is declared a pandemic on 11 March 2020 due to its global spread. The progression of disease is still at the same speed and the low and middle income countries (LMICs) like Nepal are in a vulnerable state. Starting from the first reported case in January, there have been a total 99 cases as of 7 May 2020 with the chance of further increment in number, but there is no death due to COVID-19 at all in Nepal. The expansion and decentralization of healthcare facilities along with lockdown approach are praiseworthy to contain and treat the disease, however there is still a lack of adequate resources for effective enrichment of healthcare facilities. Poor border security, lack of sufficient health resources, proper health waste management, and social stigmatization remain a major problem for the country. There is not any approved therapy for the treatment of COVID-19, therefore prevention is the best way of effective management in Nepal. The most valid strategy is the application of preventive measures through hand-washing, social distancing, and increasing mass awareness through audio-visual aids about the disease. Simultaneously, the preparedness for effective treatment strategies and application to every healthcare institution handling COVID-19 cases is mandatory.
COVID-19
Authors: Macedo Souto Xênia
Published: June 2020

Ameaça mais recente à saúde global, a Doença do Coronavírus que teve início no fim de 2019 (COVID-19), na cidade de Wuhan (China), já está presente em mais de 185 países, tendo sido declarada como pandemia pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em 11 de março de 2020. A doença é causada pelo coronavírus 2 relacionado à síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SARS-CoV-2) e é altamente contagiosa tendo sido contabilizados pela OMS, de dezembro de 2019 a maio de 2020, mais de 4,8 milhões de casos confirmados, resultando em quase 317 mil mortes. A pandemia levou os diferentes países afetados a diversos esforços para conter a transmissão da doença que incluem quarentenas, medidas de higiene, restrições de viagem, adiamento ou cancelamento de eventos, e fechamento de instalações e fronteiras. No entanto, alguns desses esforços estão gerando impactos socioeconômicos mundiais que, aliados aos impactos diretos da COVID-19, têm colocado em crise até as maiores potências globais. Nesse contexto, com base nas evidências publicadas até o momento, serão apresentadas aqui algumas das principais características da COVID-19 como a epidemiologia, as características do agente etiológico, o diagnóstico e o tratamento da doença, bem como as suas implicações nos países em que se encontra.
Comparative Study of Three Solar Desalination Units Based on Theoretical and Experimental Approach
Authors: Moungar Houcine , Azzi Ahmed , Sahli Youcef , Haida Abdelkarim
Published: June 2020

This work presents a theoretical and experimental study of a double slope still with and without immersed fins compared to the single solar still monthly production. The influences of the distance between fins, fin heights, fin numbers and water layer thickness on the solar still production have been widely researched. From the obtained results, the distance between fins has no significant effect on the still productivity. Moreover, for fin heights from 2 to 5 cm, cause the productivity raising, when the fin heights are from 6 to 8 cm found an increasing in the still production. A larger fin numbers lead to a rising in the produced water amount. The water quantity augmentation in the basin makes the water productivity decreasing. The experimentally obtained results during the day June 11, 2016, show that the solar still with immersed fins productivity was about 15 to 27 % higher than that of the simple solar still, under the following conditions, i.e. mw = 42.61 kg, h1 = 3.6 cm, Vw = 3.5 m/s, lw = 5 cm and Nfins = 12.
DISSEMINAÇÃO DA ALFABETIZAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NOS ANOS FINAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: DA PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA AOS LIVROS DIDÁTICOS
Authors: Costa Ellen Moreira , Lorenzetti Leonir
Published: June 2020

O estudo objetiva analisar o desenvolvimento da Alfabetização Científica nos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, por meio de trabalhos acadêmicos apresentados no ENPEC e em periódicos Qualis A1, A2 e B1 da área de Educação em Ciências, relacionando trechos que apresentam potencialidades para os parâmetros de Alfabetização Científica descritos por Shen (1975), em livros didáticos de Ciências distribuídos pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático de 2017 que abordam a temática artrópodes. Os dados analisados apresentam contribuições significativas para a Educação em Ciências, demonstrando a importância de se desenvolver a Alfabetização Científica. Entretanto, a quantidade das produções acadêmicas e as didáticas pedagógicas não são expressivos, contendo poucas abordagens para promover a Alfabetização Científica nesse nível de ensino.
Jogo? Aula? “Jogo-aula”: Uma estratégia para apropriação de conhecimentos a partir da pesquisa em grupo.
Authors: Nogueira Sonia Regina Alves , Cardoso Fernanda Serpa , Motta Ellen Serri da , Yamasaki Alice Akemi
Published: June 2020

O ensino de Biologia ainda enfrenta dificuldade na apreensão de conteúdos presentes em diversos currículos escolares, em especial na proposição de práticas que promovam aprendizagens significativas e contextualizadas de conceitos. O trabalho apresentará uma proposta de ação-reflexão, a partir da organização de um jogo-aula de Biologia Celular, desenvolvido por uma equipe interdisciplinar. O jogo-aula foi aplicado em cinco turmas de 1ª série do Ensino Médio para contribuir com a compreensão dos modelos celulares, promovendo o trabalho em grupo, exercitando a pesquisa em materiais impressos, como também a capacidade de organizar e expressar ideias. Os resultados pedagógicos mostraram que o jogo tornou-se catalisador do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, favorecendo a apropriação de conhecimentos pelos educandos, o desenvolvimento socioemocional e o espírito de equipe em colaboração. Palavras-chave: Biologia celular. Ensino de ciências. Jogo-aula.
Desenho e escrita no ensino de Biologia: uma experiência a partir da extensão universitária
Authors: Maia Marcos Felipe Gonçalves , Giovannini Baldur Rocha , Oliveira Etiene Fabbrin Pires
Published: June 2020

O ensino de Biologia é problematizado neste texto por meio da extensão universitária. Uma aula de campo foi conduzida com alunos do ensino médio do Colégio Dom Alano Marie du Noday, Palmas, TO. Objetiva compreender como se expressam os alunos e alunas que participaram da atividade de extensão após a aula de campo em laboratórios de saúde da UFT. É um relato de caso, com análise de desenhos e escritos dos alunos. Fundamenta-se na fenomenologia. Conclui que desenhos e outras múltiplas linguagens expressivas podem ajudar a dinamizar e complementar o ensino de biologia, em especial com alunos que não possuem laboratórios nas suas respectivas escolas.
Parasitoses negligenciadas em livros didáticos do ensino fundamental II do PNLD 2014
Authors: Dib Laís Verdan , Barbosa Alynne da Silva , Bastos Otilio Machado Pereira , Uchôa Claudia Maria Antunes
Published: June 2020

A divulgação de informações sobre as parasitoses negligenciadas nos livros didáticos é uma estratégia relevante em seu controle pelo fato de estes serem recursos muito utilizados em sala de aula. Assim, objetivou-se analisar os recursos textuais e visuais sobre as parasitoses negligenciadas em livros didáticos de ciências do 6º e 7º anos propostos pelo PNLD 2014. Foram analisados três livros do 6º e dois do 7º ano com fichas avaliativas. As parasitoses negligenciadas foram contempladas principalmente nas obras do 7º ano. Abordagens resumidas e incorretas foram observadas em exemplares de ambas as séries. Os recursos visuais evidenciados foram, predominantemente, esquemáticos em todos os livros. Portanto, estes resultados demonstram que os conteúdos avaliados foram abordados de forma limitada para serem utilizados como suporte teórico nas aulas de ciências.
Situações-problema como estratégia para a aprendizagem significativa em Biologia
Authors: Sousa Jennifer Caroline de
Published: June 2020

Nas práticas escolares ainda é persistente o desafio de favorecer um processo de aprendizagem significativa por meio da mobilização dos conhecimentos prévios dos estudantes. Neste artigo discutimos a utilização de uma situação-problema sobre clonagem nas aulas de Biologia como estratégia para (i) identificar subsunçores na estrutura cognitiva de alunos que seriam introduzidos a conteúdos de Genética e (ii) possibilitar a elaboração de um organizador prévio. Os registros dos estudantes foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo. Consideramos que a aplicação da situação-problema e a produção subsequente de um organizador prévio permitiram evidenciar conhecimentos e concepções dos alunos acerca da temática, ademais de contribuir para refletir sobre a inclusão de questões bioéticas no Ensino de Biologia.
A mala no mundo e as ciências na mala: uma estratégia lúdica para o ensino de Ciências na Educação do Campo
Authors: Andrade Bruna Sarmiento de , Andrade Brenda Sarmiento de , Hoffmann Marilisa Bialvo , Dalmolin Antonio Marcos Teixeira
Published: June 2020

O presente estudo apresenta o relato e análise de práticas pedagógicas com a “Mala Itinerante”, uma proposta lúdica de abordagem de temas científicos em Ciências da Natureza. O contexto em que a abordagem foi realizada diz respeito ao estágio de docência no Ensino Médio da Licenciatura em Educação do Campo - Ciências da Natureza da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, onde se procurou investigar o potencial de uma sequência didática com uso da Mala Itinerante a partir do tema alimentação. Pode-se concluir que a experiência da Mala Itinerante contribuiu para o ensino e aprendizagem de conceitos científicos, constituindo em uma estratégia lúdica para educação científica, possível e viável nas escolas públicas, mesmo com escassos recursos.
The Effect Of Ultraviolet Light Treatment In Extend Shelf Life And Preserve The Quality of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) cv. Festival
Authors: Idzwana Mohd Idris Nor , Chou Khor Sen , Shah Ramisah Mohd , Soh Norhidayah Che
Published: June 2020

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) is a highly perishable product and rarely to be kept for more than 7 days. Cold chain system is the only methods apply in Malaysia strawberry industry to prolong the shelf life and preserve the quality of strawberry. UV light treatment proved to be effective in inhibit microbial loads and delay ripening process of fruit products where short wavelength (254 nm) ultraviolet-C was proved in keeping the freshness and quality of fruits or vegetables. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of UV-C irradiation on extending shelf life and to determine the optimum radiation intensity of UV-C treatment on postharvest quality of treated strawberry. A total of 399 of strawberries cv. Festival were harvested in red colour with maturity stage of >80 – 85% from Cameron Highlands’s strawberry farm. The strawberries were exposed to different doses (0, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 kJ/m2) of ultraviolet-C (254nm, UV-C) radiation. The treated strawberries were randomly placed in the polystyrene trays and stored in the dark chilling room at -5Cº for 9 days. The significant differences were found when the highest level of dosage was applied. UV-C treated strawberries with the highest doses (1.0 kJ/mº) are significantly firmer (0.557N), higher total soluble solids content (7.5 ºBrix) and ascorbic acid contain (0.518mg/ml) on day 9 (p
Cleaner Production Practices in Agroindustry: A Case of Small Scale Cheese Factory in Indonesia
Authors: Suryaningrat Ida Bagus , Novita Elida , Kasanah Uswatun
Published: June 2020

The liquid of mozzarella cheese whey usually discharged directly into the environment and allegedly become one of the causes of pollution. Therefore, further handling was required to reduce waste pollution and to improve the efficiency of clean production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cleaner production practices and to propose a high potential product made from whey waste of cheese factory. The method that used in this research are direct survey, discussion, and questionnaire addressed to some key persons for the determination of assessment scores. Clean production analysis was implemented for determine the source of pollutants and to get alternative clean production actions that are potentially to be applied. The result of the research showed that proposed alternative product were making producing of yogurt, kefir, and liquid fertilizer. Based on proposed alternatives, production of yoghurt was the highest priority scale to be implemented with the highest score and economic feasibility.
Walter Benjamin and the Aesthetics of Film
Authors: Mourenza Daniel
Published: June 2020

Walter Benjamin is today regarded as one of the leading thinkers of the twentieth century. Often captured in pensive pose, his image is now that of a serious intellectual. But Benjamin was also a fan of the comedies of Adolphe Menjou, Mickey Mouse, and Charlie Chaplin. As an antidote to repressive civilization, he developed, through these figures, a theory of laughter. Walter Benjamin and the Aesthetics of Film is the first monograph to thoroughly analyse Benjamin’s film writings, contextualizing them within his oeuvre whilst also paying attention to the various films, actors, and directors that sparked his interest. The book situates all these writings within Benjamin’s ‘anthropological materialism’, a concept that analyses the transformations of the human sensorium through technology. Through the term ‘innervation’, Benjamin thought of film spectatorship as an empowering reception that, through a rush of energy, would form a collective body within the audience, interpenetrating a liberated technology into the distracted spectators. Benjamin’s writings on Soviet film and German cinema, Charlie Chaplin, and Mickey Mouse are analysed in relation to this posthuman constellation that Benjamin had started to dream of in the early twenties, long before he began to theorize about films.
The mechanisms and seasonal differences of the impact of aerosols on daytime surface urban heat island effect
Authors: Han Wenchao , Li Zhanqing , Wu Fang , Zhang Yuwei , Guo Jianping , Su Tianning , Cribb Maureen , Fan Jiwen , Chen Tianmeng , Wei Jing , Lee Seoung-Soo
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The urban heat island intensity (UHII) is the temperature difference between
urban areas and their rural surroundings. It is commonly attributed to
changes in the underlying surface structure caused by urbanization. Air
pollution caused by aerosol particles can affect the UHII through changing
(1) the surface energy balance by the aerosol radiative effect (ARE) and (2) planetary-boundary-layer (PBL)
stability and airflow intensity by modifying thermodynamic structure, which
is referred to as the aerosol dynamic effect (ADE). By analyzing satellite data
and ground-based observations collected from 2001 to 2010 at 35 cities in
China and using the WRF-Chem model, we find that the impact of aerosols on
UHII differs considerably: reducing the UHII in summer but increasing the
UHII in winter. This seasonal contrast is proposed to be caused by the
different strengths of the ARE and ADE between summer and winter. In summer,
the ARE on UHII is dominant over the ADE, cooling down surface temperature
more strongly in urban areas than in rural areas because of much higher
aerosol loading, and offsets the urban heating, therefore weakening UHII. In
winter, however, the ADE is more dominant, because aerosols stabilize the
PBL more in the polluted condition, weakening the near-surface heat
transport over urban areas in both vertical and horizontal directions. This
means that the heat accumulated in urban areas is dispersed less effectively,
and thus the UHII is enhanced. These findings shed new light on the impact
of the interaction between urbanization-induced surface changes and air
pollution on urban climate.
Evaluation of Southern Ocean cloud in the HadGEM3 general circulation model and MERRA-2 reanalysis using ship-based observations
Authors: Kuma Peter , McDonald Adrian J. , Morgenstern Olaf , Alexander Simon P. , Cassano John J. , Garrett Sally , Halla Jamie , Hartery Sean , Harvey Mike J. , Parsons Simon , Plank Graeme , Varma Vidya , Williams Jonny
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Southern Ocean (SO) shortwave (SW) radiation biases are a common problem in contemporary general circulation models (GCMs), with most models exhibiting a tendency to absorb too much incoming SW radiation. These biases have been attributed to deficiencies in the representation of clouds during the austral summer months, either due to cloud cover or cloud albedo being too low. The problem has been the focus of many studies, most of which utilised satellite datasets for model evaluation. We use multi-year ship-based observations and the CERES spaceborne radiation budget measurements to contrast cloud representation and SW radiation in the atmospheric component Global Atmosphere
(GA) version 7.1 of the HadGEM3 GCM and the MERRA-2 reanalysis. We find that
the prevailing bias is negative in GA7.1 and positive in MERRA-2. GA7.1
performs better than MERRA-2 in terms of absolute SW bias. Significant errors
of up to 21 W m−2 (GA7.1) and 39 W m−2 (MERRA-2) are present
in both models in the austral summer. Using ship-based ceilometer observations,
we find low cloud below 2 km to be predominant in the Ross Sea and the
Indian Ocean sectors of the SO. Utilising a novel surface lidar simulator
developed for this study, derived from an existing Cloud Feedback Model Intercomparison Project (CFMIP) Observation Simulator Package (COSP) – active remote sensing simulator (ACTSIM) spaceborne lidar
simulator, we find that GA7.1 and MERRA-2 both underestimate low cloud and fog
occurrence relative to the ship observations on average by 4 %–9 % (GA7.1) and
18 % (MERRA-2). Based on radiosonde observations, we also find the low cloud
to be strongly linked to boundary layer atmospheric stability and the sea
surface temperature. GA7.1 and MERRA-2 do not represent the observed
relationship between boundary layer stability and clouds well. We find that
MERRA-2 has a much greater proportion of cloud liquid water in the SO in
austral summer than GA7.1, a likely key contributor to the difference in the SW
radiation bias. Our results suggest that subgrid-scale processes (cloud and
boundary layer parameterisations) are responsible for the bias and that in
GA7.1 a major part of the SW radiation bias can be explained by cloud cover
underestimation, relative to underestimation of cloud albedo.
An improved post-processing technique for automatic precipitation gauge time series
Authors: Ross Amber , Smith Craig D. , Barr Alan
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The unconditioned data retrieved from accumulating automated
weighing precipitation gauges are inherently noisy due to the sensitivity of
the instruments to mechanical and electrical interference. This noise,
combined with diurnal oscillations and signal drift from evaporation of the
bucket contents, can make accurate precipitation estimates challenging.
Relative to rainfall, errors in the measurement of solid precipitation are
exacerbated because the lower accumulation rates are more impacted by
measurement noise. Precipitation gauge measurement post-processing
techniques are used by Environment and Climate Change Canada in research and
operational monitoring to filter cumulative precipitation time series
derived from high-frequency, bucket-weight measurements. Four techniques are
described and tested here: (1) the operational 15 min filter (O15), (2) the
neutral aggregating filter (NAF), (3) the supervised neutral aggregating
filter (NAF-S), and (4) the segmented neutral aggregating filter (NAF-SEG).
Inherent biases and errors in the first two post-processing techniques have
revealed the need for a robust automated method to derive an accurate
noise-free precipitation time series from the raw bucket-weight
measurements. The method must be capable of removing random noise, diurnal
oscillations, and evaporative (negative) drift from the raw data. This
evaluation primarily focuses on cold-season (October to April) accumulating
automated weighing precipitation gauge data at 1 min resolution from two
sources: a control (pre-processed time series) with added synthetic noise
and drift and raw (minimally processed) data from several WMO Solid
Precipitation Intercomparison Experiment (SPICE) sites. Evaluation against
the control with synthetic noise shows the effectiveness of the NAF-SEG
technique, recovering 99 %, 100 %, and 102 % of the control total
precipitation for low-, medium-, and high-noise scenarios respectively for the
cold-season (October–April) and 97 % of the control total precipitation for all
noise scenarios in the warm season (May–September). Among the filters, the
fully automated NAF-SEG produced the highest correlation coefficients and
lowest root-mean-square error (RMSE) for all synthetic noise levels, with comparable performance to
the supervised and manually intensive NAF-S method. Compared to the
O15 method in cold-season testing, NAF-SEG shows a lower bias in
37 of 44 real-world test cases, a similar bias in 5 cases, and a higher bias
in 2 cases. In warm-season testing, the NAF-SEG bias was lower or similar in
7 of 11 cases. The results indicate that the NAF-SEG post-processing
technique provides substantial improvement over current automated
techniques, reducing both uncertainty and bias in accumulating-gauge
measurements of precipitation, with a 24 h latency. Because it cannot be
implemented in real time, we recommend that NAF-SEG be used in combination with
a simple real-time filter, such as the O15 or similar filter.