bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contract delay: what is it and how are we performing?
Authors: Finnie David
Published: October 2014

AbstractThis paper examines the management of contract delays in the construction industry as currently practised, and suggests some best practice alternative methods.Research results about the level of contractor’s time management skills were analysed to determine the related impact on their ability to manage contract delays. A comparison was made between three conditions of contracts used in New Zealand to determine how delay management should be managed with a discussion about how the different contract conditions distribute risk among the parties. Recommendations were made to improve contract conditions, up-skill industry practitioners and ensure student graduates have adequate delay management skills.
Evaluating sustainable development in the built environment, 2nd edition
Authors: Reed Richard
Published: October 2014

Peter S Brandon, Patrizia Lombardi, Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2011, 280 pages, ISBN: 978-1-4051-9258-3 (Hardcover), AUD 125.00 NZD 140.00, USD 96.99, GBP 60.95, EURO 79.90
The effects of the global financial crisis on the Australian building construction supply chain
Authors: Thangaraj Ram Karthikeyan , Chan Toong Khuan
Published: October 2014

This study involves a financial analysis of 43 publicly listed and large private companies in the building and construction supply chain from 2005 to 2010; straddling the period of the global financial crisis (GFC); and examines the impact of the GFC on the performance of these companies. The construction supply chain was divided into four sectors – material suppliers, construction companies, property developers and real estate investment trusts (REITs). The findings indicate that the impact was minimal for both material suppliers and construction companies, but especially severe for the more leveraged property developers and REITs. Building material suppliers and construction companies have benefitted substantially from the building economic stimulus package provided by the Australian government to mitigate the effects of the GFC. Decreases in the valuation of assets have, to a large extent, reduced the profitability of property developers and REITs during the GFC but these companies have recovered quickly from these adverse conditions to return to a sound financial position by the end of the 2010 financial year. The results will inform investors, managers and construction professionals in devising strategies for prudent financial management and for weathering future financial crises.
Ideological leaning and praxis of housing co-operatives in South Africa: Matters arising
Authors: Jimoh Richard , Van Wyk Jasper
Published: October 2014

Social movements came about as a result of dissatisfaction felt by society from the status quo. They present their grievances through demonstrations, strikes, riots, occupation of land, boycott of business or by the development of social and economic alternatives such as self-help schemes or saving clubs. In South Africa, people join housing co-operatives because it takes a long time to wait for the Reconstruction Development Project (RDP) houses promised by the Government. The leaning of 5 housing co-operatives was examined within the context of ideology and praxis that are components of triad model. This was done through multi-case study whereby the chairpersons of the housing co-operatives were interviewed using structured interview format. Findings from the study indicated that all the housing co-operatives were not open and voluntary; also, the housing co-operatives were not administered the same way. In all, efforts were put in by the housing co-operatives in engendering the ideology of co-operatives on one hand and the government on the other hand in providing the necessary subsidy so that the gap in the housing deficit could be bridged since this fitted its policy on housing.
Common risks affecting time overrun in road construction projects in Palestine: Contractors’ perspective
Authors: Mahamid Ibrahim
Published: October 2014

The construction sector is one of the key economic sectors and is the main force motivating the Palestinian national economy. However, it suffers from number of problems that affect time, cost and quality performances. This study aims at identifying the common risks affecting time overrun in road construction projects in the West Bank in Palestine from contractors’ viewpoint. 45 factors that might cause delays of road construction projects were defined through a detailed literature review. A questionnaire survey was performed to rank the considered factors in terms of severity and frequency. The analysis of the survey indicated that the top risks affecting time overrun in road construction projects in Palestine are: financial status of the contractors, payments delay by the owner, political situation, segmentation of the West Bank, poor communication between construction parties, lack of equipment efficiency, and high competition in bids.
Improvement of job satisfaction and organisational commitment through work group identification: an examination of the quantity surveyors in Hong Kong
Authors: Chiu Wai Yee Betty , Ng Fung Fai
Published: October 2014

Though extant literatures in other sectors indicate that job satisfaction and organizational commitment are important for determining individual and organisational outcomes, limited related research has been conducted amongst quantity surveyors in Hong Kong. Given cooperative working arrangement in the quantity surveying profession, work group identification is regarded as an important antecedent for determining job satisfaction and organisational commitment. The aim of this study is to examine whether work group identification improves job satisfaction and organisational commitment. A questionnaire survey is conducted to collect data from quantity surveyors working in private sector. A total of 71 valid responses are obtained from 509 contacted quantity surveyors in Hong Kong. Bivariate correlation and multiple regression analyses are performed to find the significance of relationships among the variables. Data analysis results support most hypotheses. Work group identification is found to have significant positive effect on job satisfaction, affective and normative commitment. The finding is a bold step for quantity surveying companies to improve their quantity surveyors’job satisfaction and commitment level. The role of other contextual and organisational factors on job satisfaction and organisational commitment needs to be complemented for future research.
Payment mechanisms for winter road maintenance services
Authors: Abdi Adel , Lind Hans , Birgisson Björn
Published: October 2014

In countries with severe winters a major part of the annual budget for road maintenance is allocated on performance of winter road maintenance tasks. Finding appropriate remuneration forms to compensate entrepreneurs for performed road measures during winter is not an easy task in order to minimise or eliminate disputes and satisfy both client organisations and contractors. On the other hand improper reimbursement models lead either to the client’s annual budget imbalance due to unnecessary cost overruns or affect contractor’s cash-flow. Such cases in turn affect just-in-time winter road maintenance and then traffic safety. To solve such problems, a number of countries in cold regions like Sweden have developed different remuneration models based more on weather data called Weather Index. Therefore the objective of this paper is to investigate and evaluate the payment models applied in Sweden. The study uses a number of approaches namely; domestic questionnaire survey, analysis of a number of contract documents, a series of meetings with the project managers and an international benchmarking. The study recognised four remuneration models for winter maintenance service of which one based on weather data statistics. The study reveals the payment model based on weather data statistics is only applied for the roads with higher traffic flow and the model generates most uncertainty.
Development of generic key performance indicators for PMBOK® using a 3D project integration model
Authors: Langston Craig
Published: October 2014

Since Martin Barnes’ so-called ‘iron triangle’ circa 1969, much debate has occurred over how best to describe the fundamental constraints that underpin project success. This paper develops a 3D project integration model for PMBOK® comprising core constraints of scope, cost, time and risk as a basis to propose six generic key performance indicators (KPIs) that articulate successful project delivery. These KPIs are defined as value, efficiency, speed, innovation, complexity and impact and can each be measured objectively as ratios of the core constraints. An overall KPI (denoted as s3/ctr) is also derived. The aim in this paper is to set out the case for such a model and to demonstrate how it can be employed to assess the performance of project teams in delivering successful outcomes at various stages in the project life cycle. As part of the model’s development, a new PMBOK® knowledge area concerning environmental management is advanced.
Mapping site-based construction workers’ motivation: Expectancy theory approach
Authors: Ghoddousi Parviz , Bahrami Nima , Chileshe Nicholas , Hosseini M.Reza
Published: October 2014

The aim of this study is to apply a recently proposed model of motivation based on expectancy theory to site-based workers in the construction context and confirm the validity of this model for the construction industry. The study drew upon data from 194 site-based construction workers in Iran to test the proposed model of motivation. To this end, the structural equation modelling (SEM) approach based on the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) technique was deployed. The study reveals that the proposed model of expectancy theory incorporating five indicators (i.e. intrinsic instrumentality, extrinsic instrumentality, intrinsic valence, extrinsic valence and expectancy) is able to map the process of construction workers’ motivation. Nonetheless, the findings posit that intrinsic indicators could be more effective than extrinsic ones. This proffers the necessity of construction managers placing further focus on intrinsic motivators to motivate workers.
Factors influencing decisions on delay claims in construction contracts for Indian scenario
Authors: Chaphalkar Nitin Balkrishna , Iyer K. C.
Published: October 2014

Construction industry in India is second largest next to agriculture. In current era of infrastructure development construction projects occupy a key position. In any construction project contract time and cost overrun is a common feature, which gives rise to claims leading to disputes. These disputes if not handled properly tend to consume time and money of all parties to the contract. To resolve the dispute in optimum time, it is essential to understand the root cause of disputes as early as possible. Hence there is a need of analyzing the disputes scientifically.  The present study reveals from the study of arbitration awards that the causes for delay claims can be grouped in domains and the probable decisions to the disputes can be traced through the probing questions considered by decision makers. This paper attempts to identify questions related to disputes for Indian scenario through literature, arbitration awards, court cases and discussions with professionals.
Whole life sustainability
Authors: Thomas PC
Published: October 2014

Ian Ellingham and William Fawcett, RIBA Publishing, London, 2013, 160 p., ISBN 978 1 85946 450 2, AUD 56.84, GBP 30.84, USD 51.17
The Role of Media in South African Health and Safety
Authors: Smallwood John , Venter Danie
Published: October 2014

A large number of fatalities and injuries occur in the South African construction industry.Traditionally, the print media have dedicated editorial, published news, articles andletters, and have exposed abusive or non-conforming conditions and practices in termsof H&S. Literature also indicates that the print media can influence and has an impacton H&S.Given the level of fatalities and injuries and the potential role of the print media, a postalsurvey was conducted among editors of construction and related magazines. Findingsindicate that: the print media do contribute to and play a role in construction H&S;industry has the capacity and needs to promote H&S on a wider basis; there is a needto improve construction H&S; to a degree, editors are aware of what constitutes unsafeacts and unsafe conditions, and the print media can play an increased role through thereview of articles, advertisements, advertorial, editorial and photographs to prevent thedepiction of unhealthy and unsafe practices and conditions
Sustainability of Construction Education
Authors: Wood Brian
Published: October 2014

Construction management is changing and so is education. Sustainability is asignificant global issue. This paper examines the sustainability of current forms andcontent of construction education and suggests that there may be a link betweenmedium and message.
International Markets: Malaysian Construction Contractors and the Stage Theory
Authors: Awil Ahmed , Abdul Aziz Abdul Rashid
Published: October 2014

Reduced demand for services, lack of finances for projects and idle resources at homehave resulted in loss of business for Malaysian construction contractors. Among the optionsthat are explored in this paper is internationalisation of services to help the contractorsgainfully employ their resources and diversify their markets. Integration of worldmarkets, faster transportation and improved means of communication have made it possiblefor contractors to undertake work in international markets. It was found that contractorswere motivated to internationalise by need to make the firm a viable one byconsidering the long-term profitability. Reputation and size of the firm were found to befactors that help contractors in winning contracts overseas. Most non-exporters were concernedwith provision of market intelligence and export credit finance. It was found thatproviding relevant market information, accessible to both exporter and non-exporters, canhelp firms make informed decisions. Any assistance provided should match the firm to thestage the firm has reached in exporting
Foreign Market Selection Factors in the Australian Construction Services Sector
Authors: El-Higzi Faiza
Published: October 2014

A survey of Australian construction companies is described, aimed at identifying the mainfactors considered when choosing foreign markets for their international activities. Thishighlights the importance of the host country’s economic, political and structural factors,the interplay of company motivations for expansion and the availability of a relevant constructionproject. Other factors influence a company’s approach to overseas operations,but do not significantly affect the choice of country. Also identified is a need to improvegovernment approaches to construction service expansion to other countries, with a focuson specific projects and policy regulations to assist the industry, and to build closer relationsbetween construction companies and financial institutions.
RED MAN GREEN MAN
Authors: Langston Craig
Published: October 2014

RED MAN GREEN MANby Jayne Cox, David Fell and Mark Thurstain-Goodwin
Why is Design-Build Commonly Used in the Public Sector? An Illustration from Hong Kong
Authors: Lam Edmond , Chan Albert , Chan Daniel
Published: October 2014

The Design and Build (D&B) procurement method is one of the systems advocated to overcome inadequacies with the traditional procurement method. In recent years, this innovative procurement method has been put to practice in Hong Kong where a vast amount of infrastructure works is taking place. This paper aims to illustrate the applicability of design-build in the Hong Kong setting.As most D&B projects are undertaken by the public sector of Hong Kong, the main features of a public sector project and reasons for its wider use on D&B are fully examined in the paper. To further explore the benefits of D&B in actual practice, structured interviews have been conducted with clients, contractors and consultants running D&B projects in Hong Kong. Summary of major problems of running D&B projects from the previous study by the authors is also outlined. With the increasing use of D&B in the public sector of Hong Kong and worldwide, more research can be undertaken on the quantitative comparison of the traditional mode of procurement and how to carry out a D&B project successfully so as to develop a knowledge base for the D&B procurement method.
Improving Construction Process through Integration and Concurrent Engineering
Authors: Khalfan Malik , Raja Naveed
Published: October 2014

In an increasingly competitive business environment, improvedtime-to-market, reduced production cost, quality of the productand customer involvement are rapidly becoming the key successfactors for any product development process. Consequently, mostorganisations are moving towards the adoption of latest technologyand new management concepts and philosophies such as totalquality management and concurrent engineering (CE) to bringimprovement in their product development process. This paperdiscusses the adoption of integrated processes and CE withinthe construction industry to enable construction organisations toimprove their project development process. It also discusses aproposed integrated database model for the construction projects,which should enable the construction process to improve, becomemore effective and more efficient.
The Proposed Heating and Cooling System in the CH2 Building and Its Impact on Occupant Productivity
Authors: Aye Lu , Fuller Robert
Published: October 2014

Melbourne's climatic conditions demand that its buildings require both heating and cooling systems. In a multi-storey office building , however, cooling requirements will dominate. How the internal space is cooled and ventilation air is delivered will significantly impact on occupant comfort. This paper discusses the heating and cooling systems proposed for the CH2building. The paper critiques the proposed systems against previous experience, both internationally and in Australia. While the heating system employs proven technologies, less established techniques are proposed for the cooling system. Air movement in the shower towers, for example, is to be naturally induced and this has not always been successful elsewhere. Phase change material for storage of "coolth" does not appear to have been demonstrated previously in a commercial building, so the effectiveness of the proposed system is uncertain. A conventional absorption chiller backs up the untried elements of the cooling system, so that ultimately occupant comfort should not be compromised .
Preamble to Special Issue
Authors: Melbourne City of
Published: October 2014

About 15 years ago the City of Melbourne came up with a scheme that would transform completely the face and the fortunes of the city. At the time the city, like thousands of others around the globe, emptied at night as tens of thousands of commuters decamped in their cars for the suburbs. The Council's Postcode 3000 scheme, launched in 1992, outlined plans to entice residential development back into the city, through financial and technical incentives, technical advice, a review of technical requirements, research and statistical data, promotional events and publicity.It is hard now to believe -walking through the bustling streets lined with converted apartments and thriving businesses -that anyone was ever sceptical about the potential for city living Melbourne-style. The success of Postcode 3000 far exceeded even the most ambitious targets and the City of Melbourne became one of the fastest growing municipalities in the land.With its visionary new Council House 2 (CH2) building , the City of Melbourne is once again planning a lifestyle revolution. This time the subject is sustainability and the target is the construction industry. Using the CH2 office building as a living , breathing example, the Council intends to demonstrate the potential for sustainable technologies to transform the way we approach the design, construction and indeed entire philosophy of our built environment. Just as Postcode 3000 reinvented the city, the City of Melbourne wants to see the CH2 example copied , improved upon and enthusiastically taken up throughout Melbourne and far, far beyond.As before, there are a great many sceptics. The City's approach to this has been to patiently press ahead with construction of its best source of proof -CH2 itself -while actively and energetically encouraging lively debate -from the greatest enthusiasts to the harshest critics alike.
An Examination of the Performance Based Building Code on the Design of a Commercial Building
Authors: Greenwood John
Published: October 2014

The Building Code of Australia (BCA) is the principal code under which building approvals in Australia are assessed. The BCA adopted performance-based solutions for building approvals in 1996. Performance-based codes are based upon a set of explicit objectives, stated in terms of a hierarchy of requirements beginning with key general objectives. With this in mind, the research presented in this paper aims to analyse the impact of the introduction of the performance-based code within Western Australia to gauge the effect and usefulness of alternative design solutions in commercial construction using a case study project. The research revealed that there are several advantages to the use of alternative designs and that all parties, in general, are in favour of the performance-based building code of Australia. It is suggested that change in the assessment process to streamline the alternative design path is needed for the greater use of the performance-based alternative. With appropriate quality control measures, minor variations to the deemed-to-satisfy provisions could easily be managed by the current and future building surveying profession.
From Focus on Price to the Pyramid of Innovation, Information, Cooperation, Value and Trust: A Success Story of Five Swedish Building Material Manufacturers
Authors: Sundqvist Jan
Published: October 2014

In the building sector, value for thecustomer, is often regarded as being valuefor money and this, in turn, is achieved bymeans of competitive tendering. However,there are companies that also focus oninnovation as a competitive parameter intheir contribution; hereafter referred to asinnovative companies. Five managingdirectors from innovative companies inSweden were interviewed about howinnovation is dealt with in their respectivecompanies. As well as the importance ofinformation, this study points to twoadditional important factors for innovation,namely cooperation with a carefullychosen partner and the transference ofvalues to the employees. Those innovativecompanies made careful choices and usemeans of information, cooperation, valueand vision to create innovation in order tobuild trust for the company and for itsproducts and services.
The Implementation of the NDIS: Who Wins, Who Loses?
Authors: Green Jenny , Mears Jane
Published: October 2014

The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) is a major paradigm shift in funding and support for people with disability in Australia. It is a person centered model that has at its core a change in government funding away from service providers direct to individuals with disability. In principle it is heralded as a major step forward in disability rights. Nonetheless, the implementation poses threats as well as benefits. This paper outlines potential threats or risks from the perspective of not-for-profit organisations, workers in the sector and most importantly people with disability.  It draws on a range of recent reports on the sector, person centered models of funding and care, the NDIS and past experience. Its purpose is to forewarn the major issues so that implementers can be forearmed.
The Seventh Annual Chautauqua Declaration
Authors: Sadat Leila
Published: October 2014

From August 25 to 27, 2013, the Seventh Annual International Humanitarian Law Dialogs were held at the Chautauqua Institution in Lake Chautauqua, New York. Primarily organized by the Robert H. Jackson Center and cosponsored by other institutions and organizations including the American Society of International Law, the Dialogs bring together international criminal prosecutors, practitioners of international justice, scholars, NGO leaders, human rights activists, students, and members of the public to discuss pressing issues of international peace and justice.
Intimations of the Holocaust from the Recollections of Early Childhood:
Authors: Stević Aleksandar
Published: October 2014

Nostalgia, we are told, is in the business of idealizing the past. Because nostalgia is routinely associated with the falsification and distortion of memory, any discussion about its role in Holocaust representation is fraught with ethical concerns. What purpose can nostalgic sentimentality serve in evoking the reality of the genocide? This essay argues that nostalgia's power to falsify, distort, and sentimentalize the past can be productively and self-consciously mobilized to explore the mechanisms of both remembrance and suppression of memory. As I demonstrate through the readings of Danilo Kiš's Family Circus and Christa Wolf's Patterns of Childhood, because nostalgia raises questions about the possibility of recovering the past, about the dynamics of projection and recuperation, and about the continuity of the self, fictional texts stage nostalgic homecomings precisely in order to confront the realities of both Jewish persecution and Nazification. Nostalgia, in other words, serves not only as mechanism for working through traumatic memories, but as a catalyst for a critical examination of the past.
A transformação do espaço amazônico e seus reflexos na condição atual da cobertura e uso da terra
Authors: Silva Maurício , Nascimento Cláudia Pinheiro , Coutinho Alexandre Camargo , Almeida Cláudio Aparecido , Venturieri Adriano , Esquerdo Júlio César Dalla Mora
Published: September 2014

A Amazônia passou ao longo de sua história, por um intenso processo de transformação na sua forma e no seu conteúdo, fazendo com que diferentes elementos sociais, políticos e econômicos atuassem na transformação do seu espaço. Sendo assim, através da interpretação do atual uso e cobertura da terra, é possível verificar como os diferentes atores e políticas envolvidas se associaram em cada momento específico na história e atualmente refletem no espaço. Fazendo uso desta interpretação pretende-se abordar esses elementos e sua correspondente natureza transformada para buscar estabelecer os pontos de apoio nesta leitura para o processo de desflorestamento que a Amazônia sofreu nos últimos quarenta anos e no que estas áreas se transformaram. Palavras Chaves – Amazônia, Espaço, Desflorestamento e Uso da terra.
Growth and Equity in Tertiary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Darvas Peter , Ballal Sonali , Feda Kedebe
Published: October 2014

This study represents a first report of a regional cross-country analysis of patterns in equity and growth in tertiary education in Sub-Saharan Africa. In it, we analyse country-level surveys and regional statistics to see how expansion affected equity, how equity is explained by household characteristics and other factors, and what the intrinsic characteristics of the tertiary education system are that influence equity. Data show that in many instances, Sub-Saharan African countries fall behind other regions in terms of equity; and whereas some policies, such as diversification and more equitable pre-tertiary education can help, more efforts and more effective policies need to be introduced to make the system more equitable. The report argues that growth itself will not necessarily lead to improved equity and more equitable access to tertiary education can help the sector in achieving its higher-level objectives, including its contribution to competitiveness and prosperity. Cette étude constitue le premier rapport d’une analyse de l’équité et de la croissance de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique sub-saharienne. Nous analysons des enquêtes nationales et des statistiques régionales pour montrer la manière dont la croissance affecte l’équité, comment l’équité peut être expliquée par les caractéristiques des ménages ainsi que par d’autres facteurs et quels facteurs propres au système d’enseignement supérieur influencent l’équité. Les données montrent que, dans de nombreux cas, les pays d’Afrique sub-saharienne sont en retard par rapport à ceux d’autres régions en ce qui concerne l’équité. Tandis que certaines mesures politiques, comme diversifier l’enseignement supérieur ou rendre les enseignements primaire et secondaire plus équitables, peuvent aider, des efforts plus importants et des mesures politiques plus efficaces doivent être mis en place pour rendre le système plus équitable. Ce rapport soutient que la croissance ne conduira pas forcément à l’amélioration de l’équité et qu’un accès plus équitable à l’enseignement supérieur peut aider le secteur à atteindre ses objectifs les plus ambitieux, notamment contribuer à la compétitivité et la prospérité du pays et de la région.
The Regionalisation, Internationalisation, and Globalisation of African Higher Education
Authors: Sehoole Chika , De Wit Hans
Published: October 2014

The landscape of international higher education has been changing since the turn of the 21st century. The globalisation of our societies and economies implies a changing role of the higher education institutions. Accompanying the challenges associated with development, especially in developing countries, are initiatives championing regionalisation as a locus of development. This article positions the debate on the relationships among globalisation, regionalisation, and internationalisation in the context of Africa and its sub-continent, showing that, although these concepts have emerged at different times and contexts, they are still related. Using case studies of two regional political and economic organisations and their higher education counterparts, this article shows that regionalisation is not a new phenomenon but has been part of and has been used in the post-colonial era to serve new social, economic, political, and development purposes in the current period. Le monde de l’enseignement supérieur n’a cessé de changer depuis le début du XXIème siècle. La mondialisation de nos sociétés et de nos économies a pour conséquence une modification du rôle joué par les établissements d’enseignement supérieur. Les défis posés par cette évolution sont, en particulier dans les pays en voie de développement, associés à des initiatives soutenant la régionalisation comme locus de développement. Cet article centre le débat sur la relation entre la mondialisation, la régionalisation et l’internationalisation dans le contexte de l’Afrique et de son sous-continent, et démontre que, bien que ces concepts soient apparus à différentes époques et dans des contextes variés, ils sont encore liés. Cet article s’appuie sur une étude de cas de deux organisations régionales politiques et économiques et de leurs équivalents dans le domaine de l’enseignement supérieur pour montrer que le concept de régionalisation n’est pas un phénomène nouveau, mais qu’il a fait partie de et a été utilisé pendant l’époque postcoloniale pour satisfaire de nouveaux objectifs sociaux, économiques, politiques et de développement.
Variazioni e creatività nelle auto-traduzioni ungarettiane
Authors: La Rosa Giuliana
Published: October 2014

« Pourquoi traduit-on alors, me demanderez-vous? Pourquoi est-ce que moi-même je traduis? Simplement pour faire une œuvre originale de poésie. » Giuseppe  Ungaretti (1888-1970) è un poeta italiano di respiro internazionale, il quale vanta moltissime collaborazioni con riviste di tutto il mondo, nonché numerose traduzioni di svariati autori europei. Il mio saggio indagherà le modalità di traduzione utilizzate da Ungaretti, volte ad una totale reinterpretazione del testo originale e ad una riscrittura dello stesso come un’opera originale di poesia. Nel saggio verrà altresì analizzato l’inedito ruolo di Ungaretti come scrittore, mediatore, nonché reclutatore di talenti per la rivista parigina Commerce, e verrà analizzato un componimento in particolare, frutto di questa esperienza, intitolato “L’isola” (L’île) e pubblicato per la prima volta in italiano con traduzione francese a fronte proprio su Commerce. Utilizzerò questo testo come esempio per dimostrare come Ungaretti consideri la traduzione non come calco più o meno fedele all’originale, bensì come una vera e propria riscrittura dell’opera di partenza. Questo testo assume particolare rilievo proprio perché un’auto-traduzione, e mette in evidenza il processo traduttivo ungarettiano.
Language of College Dating: A Gender Study
Authors: Tomassi Michelle
Published: October 2014

Dating has an entire set of social expectations and norms, but these practices are very particular and unique in a university setting. This essay explores the linguistic tendencies of college students to describe the dating scene, and it also compares the use of language by gender. The results of this study show that men and women tend to have similar attitudes toward college dating, but their linguistic behavior suggests that gender impacts the manner in which students approach the topic in their daily conversations.
Budget impact analysis of the use of paricalcitol for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Lorenzoni Valentina , Turchetti Giuseppe
Published: October 2014

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the budget impact of the use of paricalcitol (compared to alternative treatment) for secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) when used at two different timing of therapy.METHODS: Two Markov models related to a different timing of treatment have been developed: the intermediate stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD3) and the dialysis stage. The analysis was conducted with the perspective of the Italian National Health System and over a 5-year time horizon. The clinical and economic data used in the model were derived from the literature and other assumptions were made based on the opinion of clinical experts. Univariate sensitivity analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the results.RESULTS: The base case shows that starting paricalcitol treatment from the dialysis stage (considering 13,311 possible candidates) is associated with a reduction in direct costs from € 1,782,921,351 to € 1,622,357,209 over 5 years. Furthermore, considering a collective of 1,000 subjects eligible and starting treatment with paricalcitol since the intermediate stages of the CKD, is associated with an overall cost saving of € 1,197,500.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Paricalcitol is expected to be cost-saving in patients with SHPT in Italy considering both the therapeutic indications of the drug. Moreover, despite the higher cost of using paricalcitol in pre-dialysis stage, an early treatment of SHPT determine an overall decrease in direct medical costs.
La soif de certitude et la peur du chaos dans la réforme du droit des contrats
Authors: Paquin Julie
Published: October 2014

Cet article aborde l’étude des débats ayant entouré l’adoption du Code civil du Québec comme des lieux d’expression de luttes relatives à la redéfinition ou à la réaffirmation de la doxa de la communauté juridique québécoise. Il se fonde sur une analyse rhétorique des stratégies argumentaires développées par le Barreau et la Chambre des notaires du Québec devant la Sous-commission des institutions relativement à l’étude de l’avant-projet de loi sur les obligations, à l’automne 1988, dans le but d’en dégager les représentations sous-jacentes et de rendre compte du caractère acceptable des orientations législatives préconisées. Les débats parlementaires permettent ainsi de mettre en lumière la vision des rapports entre droit privé et rapports économiques qui sous-tend les arguments énoncés par les ordres professionnels.
L’autopsie d’une crise de légitimité
Authors: Jean Mathieu
Published: October 2014

Si l’affrontement entre le mouvement étudiant et le gouvernement libéral du Québec a pris une forme exacerbée au printemps 2012, c’est parce que l’ordre juridique incarné par le mouvement étudiant était en mesure d’opposer au gouvernement, qui tentait de le supprimer, une contre-légitimité puisée dans la démocratie directe ainsi que dans des pratiques réflexives et contre-hégémoniques. Le choc entre ces deux ordres juridiques a conduit à une crise de légitimité qui n’a finalement été résolue que par le ressourcement de la légitimité de l’État à travers le processus électoral. Ce type de sortie de crise a permis à l’État d’opposer sa prétention à l’universalité à un mouvement social fondé avant tout sur une rationalité communicationnelle intersubjective et qui laissait présager la recomposition d’un sujet politique oppositionnel.
How to manage potential groundwater contaminations by As, Fe and Mn in lower Po Plain: a proposal from the case study of Cremona
Authors: Rotiroti Marco , Fumagalli Letizia , Bonomi Tullia
Published: October 2014

The Legislative Decree 152/06 on environmental regulations also governs polluted site remediation (Part IV). A potentially contaminated site is defined when concentrations exceed the limits reported in the Attachment 5 (Title V). Nevertheless, the Legislative Decree 152/06 considers the possibility of higher limits than Attachment 5 for trace elements in the case of natural high contents by the definition of natural background levels. The lower Po Plain is characterized by high natural concentrations of As, Fe and Mn in groundwater and, at the same time, is one of the most important areas for the Italian productive system, and thus, possible direct sources of As, Fe and Mn or indirect anthropogenic influences could also exist. Therefore, an operative tool is required to determine the natural background levels and to understand if measured high concentrations are attributable to natural backgrounds or to anthropogenic sources/influences, and consequently, to decide on the beginning of the administrative procedure requested by the Legislative Decree 152/09 through the site characterization phase. This work presents a proposal of procedure to manage potentially contaminated site by As, Fe and Mn in the lower Po Plain, that was developed in the framework of a scientific collaboration between the Province of Cremona and the University of Milano-Bicocca. The procedure involves the following four steps, preceded by the derivation of natural background levels as step zero: (1) comparing new measurements to natural background levels; (2) testing the presence of direct anthropogenic sources of As, Fe and Mn; (3) excluding false positives and (4) testing the presence of indirect anthropogenic influences on As, Fe and Mn concentrations. The operative application of the proposed procedure is actually under consideration by the Province of Cremona.
Managed aquifer recharge experiences with shallow wells: first analysis of the experimental activities in the high Vicenza plain (Northern Italy)
Authors: Altissimo Lorenzo , Bertoldo Silvia , Campagnolo Francesca , Gusmaroli Giancarlo , Muraro Teresa , Sottani Andrea
Published: October 2014

In recent decades, groundwater resources of the high Vicenza plain were subjected to an increasing extraction rate and, at the same time, to a lower quantity of groundwater recharge. The result is a decreasing flow from the plain springs and a high reduction in piezometric levels of the middle and lower Venetian aquifers. In order to restore the balance of groundwater resources in the Vicenza area, the Vicenza Province has promoted experimental activities aimed to increase the recharge of the aquifer in the high Vicenza plain and in the River Agno valley, using infiltration wells, forested infiltration areas, infiltration trenches, subsurface fields and infiltration canals. All recharge plants are fed by irrigation water, managed by agricultural consortia only during periods of water surplus. Construction works were preceded by specific geological and hydrogeological investigations to verify the suitability for recharge, with the purpose of optimizing the available economic resources. For the protection of the aquifer system, a chemical background of infiltration water was assessed with periodical chemical-physical and microbiological surveys. After the activation date, a monthly monitoring program started to verify the quality of both surface and groundwater, collecting samples in monitoring wells downstream the infiltration structures. The input flow rate entering the various systems, monitored by automatic instruments either in the superficial structure and in groundwater, have provided interesting information about the volumes and the quality of water. These scientific experiences appear to be very helpful in case of future applications for other sites, especially during critical hydrologic period.
Innovative uses of communication technology for HIV programming for men who have sex with men and transgender persons
Authors: Allison Susannah M , Adams Darrin , Klindera Kent C , Poteat Tonia , Wolf R Cameron
Published: October 2014

Globally, overall rates of HIV are on the decline; however, rates among gay men and other men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender persons are increasing. Meanwhile, there has been exponential growth in access to communication technology over the last decade. More innovative prevention and care technology‐based programmes are needed to help address the growing numbers of MSM and transgender persons living with HIV and those at risk for infection. To address this need, a meeting was hosted by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) through the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and co‐sponsored by amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research and the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). The meeting brought together researchers, community implementers, advocates and federal partners to discuss the current landscape of technology‐based interventions for MSM and transgender persons and to discuss key considerations. Presentations and discussions focused on the research gaps, facilitators and barriers to programme implementation and public–private partnerships. This article summarizes the meeting proceedings and outlines key considerations for future work in this area.
Entrepreneurial Intention and Outcome Expectancy: Evidence from South Korea and China
Authors: Jiang Zhou , Wang Zhongmin
Published: September 2014

Focusing on the East Asian context, this study examines (1) cultural and gender differences in entrepreneurial intention, (2) the mediating effects of culture and gender on the relationships between entrepreneurial intention and expectancies of positive entrepreneurial outcomes, and (3) the results of entrepreneurial intention of females. The findings reveal that while Chinese students have a greater entrepreneurial intention than South Korean students, the relationships between entrepreneurial intention and outcome expectancies are stronger in South Korean than in Chinese students. In terms of gender, males have a greater entrepreneurial intention than females. The relationships between entrepreneurial intention and outcome expectancies are stronger in male than in female students. Social status and self-realization are the entrepreneurial outcomes that females value most.

Keywords: Entrepreneurial Intention, Desired Entrepreneurial Outcomes, Cultural Difference, Gender Difference

To cite this document: Zhou Jiang and Zhongmin Wang, "Entrepreneurial Intention and Outcome Expectancy: Evidence from South Korea and China", Contemporary Management Research, Vol.10, No.3, pp.251-270, 2014.

Permanent link to this document:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7903/cmr.12012
Two-Level Model of Assessing Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty
Authors: Skowron Lukasz , Gasior Marcin
Published: September 2014

The researchers characterize the phenomenon of customer satisfaction, paying special attention to modern means of measuring it. Apart from presenting the main advantages and disadvantages of classic path models (ACSI and EPSI), the authors propose their own two-level conceptual model. This model allows researchers to compare the obtained results in the area of measuring customer satisfaction with other market subjects (operating both inside and outside of a given sector). Researchers will also be able to shape the phenomenon of customer satisfaction from an individualized perspective, taking particular economic markets, sectors and subjects in the research methodology into account. Thanks to the proposed model, the management of the analysed subjects offers information about the degree of customer satisfaction on two planes of complexity, enabling strategic benchmarking and facilitating the making managerial decisions, directed towards internal problems of the organization. Keywords: Customer Satisfaction, Customer Loyalty, Path Relation Models To cite this document: Lukasz Skowron and Marcin Gasior, "Two-Level Model of Assessing Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty", Contemporary Management Research, Vol.10, No.3, pp.233-250, 2014. Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.7903/cmr.12366
Cooperation between The Consumer and Firms as A Determinant of Marketing Innovation: Empirical Study of Portuguese Firms
Authors: Moreira Jacinta , Silva Maria José Aguilar Madeira
Published: September 2014

This article analyzes the impact of cooperation with customers and consumers on Portuguese companies’ ability to engage in marketing innovation. To this end, the theoretical framework underlying the study comprises the characterization of marketing innovation and cooperation, especially from the companies’ standpoint of collaboration with customers and consumers, which will support the formulation of the research hypotheses. The hypotheses are tested using secondary data pertaining to the Community Innovation Survey–CIS 2010; logistic regression models will be applied. According to the results, cooperation with customers and consumers is crucial for marketing innovation to occur in companies as companies that cooperate with others show a greater propensity to innovate in marketing. Keywords: Marketing Innovation, Cooperation, Consumer, CIS 2010 To cite this document: Jacinta Moreira and Maria José Aguilar Madeira Silva, "Cooperation between The Consumer and Firms as A Determinant of Marketing Innovation: Empirical Study of Portuguese Firms", Contemporary Management Research, Vol.10, No.3, pp.215-232, 2014. Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.7903/cmr.12370
Reply to Comment on “The Latest on Volcanic Eruptions and Climate”
Authors: Robock Alan
Published: September 2014

I thank Johnson and Lane for pointing out details of their analysis, but there is still not enough information to evaluate their claim that Toba did not cause a significant cooling. They claim that if the top of Lake Malawi had cooled by 4 K for 4 years, there would likely have been a massive overturning of the lake and evidence in the core because the same would have happened for Lake Superior, but they present no model or observations to support that claim. Without access to their validated lake model, it is impossible to evaluate any claim about lake overturning.