bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Informes mensuales sobre mercado laboral de la Comarca de Cartagena 2019
Authors: López Pérez Víctor
Published: April 2024

Esta recopilación recoge, en una misma publicación, los informes mensuales sobre el mercado de trabajo y sobre trabajadores afiliados en la Comarca de Cartagena que elaboró en 2019 el Servicio de Estudios de Coyuntura Económica (SECE) de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, en colaboración con la Confederación Comarcal de Organizaciones Empresariales de Cartagena (COEC). De esta forma, se facilita el seguimiento de la evolución del mercado laboral en la Comarca y se preserva la información en tiempo real disponible mes a mes durante 2019.
The idea of fate in the teachings of the Stoics as a philosophical problem
Authors:   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, Dagarova Zh.O. , Seifullina G.R. ,   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, Aralbay S.M. ,   Karaganda Medical University
Published: April 2024

The article deals, first of all, with the most different points of view on the understanding of fate. The author conducted a historical and philosophical analysis of the problem. Two opposing worldview positions regard-ing freedom of choice and predetermination of human life are revealed. It is noted that at all stages of society development, regardless of the social structure and the level of socio-cultural development, the solution to this problem of fate remained ambiguous and sharply debatable. Despite this, the article considers the neces-sity of research in the meaning of understanding the fate of mankind in the historical context of globalization and social transformation. In this connection, the thoughts related to the idea of fate offered by the philosophy of the Stoics give special importance to the moral and ethical character of the human race in our time. The possibilities of the Stoics in resolving various crisis situations are also examined. An attempt is made to systematically highlight and analyse the ideas of Stoicism, also an attempt to determine the relevance of this philosophical direction for modern society.
The Role of Philosophy in Forming Critical Thinking Skills
Authors:   Karaganda Medical University, Loman N.F. , Temirgaliev K.A. ,   Karaganda Technical University named after A. Saginov, Dzhamalieva G.Zh. ,   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, Osintseva Yu.G. ,   Karaganda Medical University, Kovtun O.A. ,   Karaganda Medical University
Published: April 2024

The article examines the ways and options for the possible development of critical thinking among students of various universities when studying social and humanitarian disciplines. Emphasis is placed on the importance of the ability to think critically and make the right choice in any difficult life situation. In this case, the emphasis is on medical students. The article discusses the points of view of various researchers dealing with this problem. Of particular interest are the studies in this area by I.V. Mushtavinskaya, S.I. Zair-Bek, I.O. Zagashev, who present in detail and thoroughly the technology for the development and formation of critical thinking, pointing out the importance and necessity of such thinking in students. The main attention is paid to the possibilities of developing critical thinking in the study of philosophy. The various methods used by the authors are shown –discussions on ethical and socially significant topics, writing of essays on existential problems, educational conferences, for example, on the philosophy of New Kazakhstan, with students as speakers, round tables on the problems of finding the meaning of life or euthanasia, and much more. Attention is drawn to the development of cognitive tasks that allow students to carry out their own search and come to independent conclusions and decisions. Such tasks can be an original text that requires comprehension, an ethical dilemma, or a situational task. Based on practical experience, the authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to include a critical component in the teaching of social and humanitarian disciplines in all higher educational institutions, regardless of the profile.
Ethnocentrism and barriers ofintercultural communication in outbound tourism
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Alibayeva A.N. , Aljanova N.K. ,   Nazarbayev University Research Centre for Entrepreneurship
Published: April 2024

Until recently, questions about creating a friendly environment for interaction between tourists and countries or regions with distinct religious and cultural characteristics remained insufficiently explored. However, in recent years, we have observed changes in approaches to this issue, particularly in the context of intercultural communication. In this article, we present the results of research on the external market of tourism services, taking into account aspects of intercultural communication related to the activities of tourism companies.During the research, various forms of ethnocentrism were identified, and its impact on the tourism market, both positive and negative, was examined. This creates certain barriers to intercultural relations. To identify positive and negative aspects that may affect the achievement of goals, we conducted an expert survey among specialists working in tourism companies from different countries, as well as among the leaders of Kazakhstani travel agency“Kaztour”andtour operator“Fun & Sun Kazakhstan”, and their partners. We also analyzed the level of relationships between tourists and employees of travel agencies.The article also identifies barriers existing in outbound tourism and their manifestations, including indicators of barriers between regions depending on the place of residence of Kazakhstani tourists in the context of outbound tourism.Additionally, acquiring skills in intercultural communication contributes to the successful training of personnel for working with tourists in the tourism industry, as well as in the design and implementation of tourism services and facilities.
In the flow of sociems
Authors:   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, Zhussupova B.Zh. , Kerimov T.Kh. ,   Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin
Published: April 2024

The article reveals the creative spirit of modern sociality, transforming it into a flow of sociemsas the contin-uous formation of social singularities. Modernist worldview guidelines with faith in holistic, metaphysical ideals are being persistently replaced by fundamentally new cognitive attitudes that represent the latest civili-zational challenges. The current course of social development has changed the usual rational social schemes, opposing, destroying, and deconstructing them. In social processes, increasing factors of pan-mythologization of all areas of social activity, the relativity of spiritual values, subjectivism, irrationalism, randomness, unpre-dictability, and uncertainty have been revealed. The image of contemporary society is one of flows of inde-pendent processes and human manifestations of will, fracturing, splitting, multifarious, varied, ludicrous, and individualistic. Modern cognitive thinking and a radically new epistemology are needed since the social envi-ronment has changed. Post-classical socio-philosophical discourse is a result of the metaphysical project's cri-ses of conventionalsystematicity, reductionist scientific explanation of reality, and classical spiritual pre-cepts. Instead of contemplating the clash between social paradigms, we must consider their coexistence poly-paradigmality, and how they mutually complement each otherin examining different facets of social reality and addressing specific problematics across different scales.
The importance of the Japanese model in the civilizational development of Кazakhstan
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kozhan A.A. , Bozhbanbaev B.M. ,   T. Zhurgenov Kazakh National Academy of Arts,, Оsserbayev Y.N. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Dosaliyev T.K. ,   International Kazakh-Turkish university Khoja Ahmed Yasawi
Published: April 2024

The Kazakh state, which has achieved independence, faces the task of preserving national archetypes and making them compatible with the values of modern worldcivilization. For Kazakhstan, there is a danger of getting stuck under the cover of globalization, under the influence of many religious influences that cause cultural decline, entering the modern era of globalization. Today, Kazakh culture needs to choose a path based on the traditions of the nation within the framework of civilization, or the process of mass culture. The purpose of the article is to study the experience of foreign countries for Kazakhstan, which today sets the task of becoming one of theadvanced, competitive countries of the world. In particular, to consider the logic of the civilizational development of Japan, which was able to reproduce a kind of model of the dynamic development of modern society in the conditions of technological progress and informatization. At the same time, it is important that Japan, in the context of globalization, has managed to maintain a balance in preserving the identity, traditions and innovative trends of culture. Kazakhstan, which has its own characteristics, also creates a model of its development in the conditions of post-totalitarian transformations. Programs aimed at preserving the national cultural heritage are being successfully implemented in Kazakhstan today. At the turn of the XX-XXI centuries, there was a need to effectively create a new image –a full-fledged part of the civilized world, an advanced innovative country combined with the successful use of centuries-old history and loyalty to spiritual traditions. To do this, it is necessary to harmoniously combine the achievements of modern civilization, from technological innovations to political institutions, with the values of traditional ethnoculture.
Сomparative analysis of the development of world capitals
Authors:   Karaganda University named after E.A. Buketov, Manassova M.M.
Published: April 2024

Knowledge of the history and future of the capital, the attitude of young people to the phenomenality of Astana, the role of Astana in the life of citizens of the kazakh country, its importance in the state are determined as an important indicator of the socio-cultural significance of Astana. Interest in the capital brought new genres and directions (philosophical, cultural, demographic, political science, sociological, historical and architectural) in the study of the city. The article presents a scientific concept of the formation and development of world metropolitan cities in domesticcultural studies (by types of world metropolitan cities, by economic indicators of capitals, by geographical location of metropolitan cities, by multicultural, architectural appearance, cultural cities). Also, on the basis of comparativist analysis, a description of the common important parameters in the development of capitals at the present stage (their structure as a capital, cultural and economic development, architecture, science and education, religious features) was given. In domestic and foreign studies, a critical analysis of the characteristics given to the socio-cultural phenomenon of the city by various branches of the humanities was carried out and new methodological directions in the study of the city (urbanistic, socio-cultural, social ecology, philosophical, existentialist, metaphysical, semiotic) were revealed. In the presented work, the first comprehensive analysis was made in the fields of humanitarian sciences related to the issue of cultural and civilizational formation and development of Astana.
МОНОПОЛИЗАЦИЯ ЛЕСОУСТРОЙСТВА: ШАГ ВПЕРЕД ИЛИ НАЗАД?
Authors:   Центр по проблемам экологии и продуктивности лесов РАН, Гагарин Ю.Н.
Published: April 2024

В статье обсуждаются первые итоги реформирования лесоустройства, проведенного в соответствии с нормами Федерального закона «О внесении изменений в Лесной кодекс Российской Федерации» и статьи 14 и 16 Федерального закона «Об общих принципах организации местного самоуправления в Российской Федерации» от 02.07.2021 № 304-ФЗ. К сфере применения указанного закона относятся изменение порядка осуществления мероприятий по лесоустройству, установление квалификационных требований и порядка аттестации специалистов на право осуществления мероприятий по лесоустройству, а также планирование проведения лесоустройства с учетом существующего и планируемого освоения лесов и зон такого освоения. В статье исследуются современная история и этапы реформирования лесоустройства, дается оценка влияния монопольного состояния лесоустройства на объемы и цены рынка лесотаксационных услуг, а также качество мероприятий лесоустройства. Обсуждаются вопросы государственного планирования в области использования, охраны, защиты и воспроизводства лесов с учетом придания лесоустроительной документации статуса нормативного документа, обязательного для исполнения. В рамках данной статьи освещены материалы парламентских слушаний «Лесоустройство: актуальные проблемы и направления развития», проведенных в Совете Федерации 25 апреля 2023 г. Предложены рекомендации по совершенствованию нормативного правового регулирования в области лесных отношений.
Зарастание земель сельскохозяйственного назначения древесной растительностью: масштабы, причины, пути использования. Обзор
Authors:   Центр по проблемам экологии и продуктивности лесов РАН, Гичан Д.В. , Тебенькова Д.Н.
Published: April 2024

В статье представлен обзор российских и зарубежных работ, посвященных количественным оценкам зарастания древесно-кустарниковой растительностью сельскохозяйственных земель и возможным путям их использования. Особое внимание уделяется анализу причин выбытия земель из пользования и проблемам законодательства, ограничивающим предоставление таких участков для лесовыращивания на территории России. По разным оценкам площадь заброшенных сельскохозяйственных угодий в мире варьирует от 150 до 472 млн га, в России — от 33 до 100 млн га. При этом отмечается тренд к увеличению площади таких земель. Скорость, с которой увеличиваются площади заброшенных сельскохозяйственных земель, в среднем составляет около 1% в год. Она может различаться во времени, а также зависеть от региона. Основные группы факторов, способствующие образованию таких территорий: социальные, экономические, экологические, ландшафтные и исторические. Наиболее перспективно вовлечение таких земель в лесоклиматическую деятельность, особенно для агролесоводства. Это связано с мультипликативным эффектом, с одной стороны, от получения лесных товаров, в т. ч. биоэнергетических, и, с другой стороны, услуг от использования в растениеводческой или скотоводческой деятельности. В настоящее время в России нет законодательной основы, разрешающей лесоразведение на землях сельскохозяйственного назначения, за исключением полезащитных насаждений, несмотря на активную позицию заинтересованных организаций и структур власти, поэтому необходима ее разработка.
ENSURING FOOD SECURITY UNDER GLOBAL CHALLENGES
Authors: Baidala Viktoriia , Yakymovska Anna
Published: April 2024

The article is aimed at assessing the state of food security of Ukraine. The level of food security in Ukraine is checked according to the internal system of parameters and international methodologies. Analysis of the level of food security in Ukraine by the Global Food Security Index shows that it lags far behind not only the leading countries but also from neighboring countries. The situation requires consideration of not only existing but also promising challenges and threats to the maintenance of food security. In the future, this will increase the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises in the global food market. To achieve this goal, general scientific and special research methods were used, the main of which are the following: dialectics, scientific abstraction, statistical, and graphic analysis. The study substantiates the use of a methodology for assessing food security, which involves the calculation of four components and an integral index of food security of the state. As a result of the use of the proposed methodology, an assessment of the state of food security of Ukraine is implemented. The obtained results served to compare them with similar indicators of the countries of the world and Europe. The calculations show that food security, first of all, should be considered from the standpoint of ensuring economic security, taking into account the fact that the latter reveals internal opportunities and determines strategic alternatives to socio-economic growth to ensure public welfare under conditions of market relations. The article proposes tools for strengthening food security based on compliance with the requirements of the principles of ensuring food security, including self-sufficiency, multifunctionality, social justice, independence, stability, balance and rationality. To strengthen food security, it is proposed to strengthen such components as physical accessibility and economic accessibility of food, as they guarantee the quality and safety of agriculture, and it is also worth paying attention to improving natural resources and sustainability. The challenges and problems of the domestic agro-industrial complex, which plays a significant role in the world market and ensures food security, are analyzed. Measures to ensure increased food security are proposed.
INNOVATIVENESS AS A PREREQUISITE FOR THE POST-WAR DEVELOPMENT OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN UKRAINE
Authors: Lazutin Andrii
Published: April 2024

The article discusses innovation as crucial for Ukraine's agricultural sector's post-war development, emphasizing its importance due to economic risks from the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. It presents the innovation process as key to boosting the sector's competitiveness, exploring investment and innovation theoretical aspects. The paper notes the scarcity of research on post-war agricultural innovation, especially its role in sector recovery and modernization. Utilizing various economic research methods, it analyzes statistical data on agriculture and agri-food exports, drawing on open sources and official websites for information. The study examines employment dynamics, labor productivity, and other macroeconomic agricultural indicators, addressing the significant impact of the 2022 war on the sector. It highlights Ukraine's position in the global innovation index, identifying strengths and weaknesses in innovation. The importance of digitalization and the green economy in agriculture is underscored, concluding with the critical role of innovation for the sector's future. Future research directions are suggested, focusing on improving innovation support through infrastructure development, scientific personnel training, favorable business conditions, and investment attraction. The article advocates for developing an effective post-war innovation strategy for Ukraine's agricultural sector, incorporating green economy and digitalization, marking it as a scientific priority. Thus, developing an effective strategy for post-war innovative development of Ukraine's agricultural sector, reflecting current scientific research, including the implementation of the green economy, digitalization of the country's agricultural sector, etc., is a priority on the agenda for scientists.
Study of the impact of newly synthesized chemical compounds with antihypoxic activity on life expectancy under hypoxia conditions (on the example of xanthine derivatives)
Authors: Korniyenko Valentyna , Ladogubets Olena , Duchenko Kateryna , Harkusha Ivan , Altanova Alona
Published: April 2024

A decrease in the supply of oxygen to the tissues leads to a change in the lipid layer of molecules and membrane enzymes. At the same time, the barrier, receptor, and catalytic functions of biological membranes are disrupted. The main causes of this pathological condition are energy deficit and activation of lipid peroxidation. The breakdown of phospholipids and inhibition of their synthesis lead to an increase in the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids and an increase in their peroxidation. Along with the therapeutic effect, antihypoxants can show side reactions: dyspeptic phenomena (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain), cause headache, insomnia, palpitations, allergic reactions. Therefore, the search for more active and less toxic antihypoxants for the correction of oxygen deficiency is rational and expedient.

The aim of this study was to study the antihypoxic activity of the first synthesized derivatives of ammonium salts of 3-methyl-7-methoxyethylxanthine-8-thioacetate in experiments on laboratory animals.

The study of the antihypoxic activity of the synthesized substances was carried out on the model of acute normobaric hypoxia with hypercapnia in experiments on white Wistar rats. The article presents the data of an experimental study of the antihypoxic activity of 10 synthesized ammonium salts of 3-methyl-7-methoxy-ethylxanthine-8-thioacetate. It was established that most of the studied substances increased the lifespan of rats placed in sealed chambers under conditions of acute normobaric hypoxia. The drug for comparison, aminalon, also showed antihypoxic activity: it increased the lifespan of rats by 55.8%. Among the ammonium salts of 3-methyl-7-methoxyethylxanthine-8-thioacetate, the compound 4-ammonium salt of 3-methyl-7-methoxyethylxanthine-8-thioacetate pyrrolidinium (compound code g-7842) showed the greatest antihypoxic activity, which in a dose of 6.1 mg /kg increased the lifespan of rats in conditions of acute normobaric hypoxia by 74.6% (p<0.01). Based on the obtained data, it can be assumed that this compound has the ability to regulate biotransformation processes by changing the energy flows in the respiratory chain of mitochondria, and leads to a significant decrease in ATP consumption while simultaneously increasing the rate of oxidation of the ammonium salt of pyrrolidinium 7-methoxyethylxanthinyl-8-thioacetate. This helps to improve cell function and increase the lifespan of rats in conditions of acute normobaric hypoxia with hypercapnia. The data obtained from the study of the antihypoxic activity of the ammonium salts of 3-methyl-7-methoxyethylxanthinyl-8-thioacetate are the basis for a more in-depth study of the mechanisms of antihypoxic activity with the aim of creating a new effective drug with antihypoxic activity.
Rhabdomyolysis — a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of community acquisited pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Authors:   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Cherkashin D.V. ,   St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Sharova N.V. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Shulenin K.S. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Orlov I.L. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Sobolev A.D. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Filippova Y.A. ,   S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy; St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: April 2024

Aim. To present a clinical case of a 19-year-old patient with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which was complicated by a rare extrapulmonary manifestation in the form of rhabdomyolysis. Key points. The clinical case demonstrates a variant of mycoplasma CAP in an adult patient. M. pneumoniae infection was confirmed by a positive PCR test. Characteristic is contact with a patient with mycoplasma CAP in an infectious focus, a flu-like onset of the disease. Unlike most mild mycoplasma infections with a minimally expressed clinical picture and inflammatory response, the patient had a long period of febrile temperature and severe intoxication, significant laboratory changes and bilateral polysegmental lung damage. The development of signs of rhabdomyolysis (myalgia, increased creatine phosphokinase (CPK) to 2066 U/L, myoglobinuria) in the acute period of the disease is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation of mycoplasma CAP in adults, dangerous for the development of acute renal failure (ARF). Conclusion. The patient's young age, timely initiation of hydration, and antibacterial therapy aimed at M. pneumoniae made it possible to prevent the development of acute renal failure due to rhabdomyolysis. An increase in CPK, in the absence of other explanations for this phenomenon, should include mycoplasma CAP in the differential diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis. Keywords: community-acquired pneumonia, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, creatine phosphokinase, rhabdomyolysis.
Мотиви дороги у книзі поезії «гніздо висоти» Михайла Жайворона
Authors: Крупка Віктор
Published: April 2024

У статті окреслено мотиви дороги в книзі поезії «Гніздо висоти» Михайла Жайворона. Основну увагу звернено на дорогу як символ життєвого циклу, життєвого шляху, коли означений мотив стає художнім вираженням процесу екзистенційно-творчої й соціальної ідентифікації, екзистенційного вибору. Важливим чинником формування цього змістового аспекту в поетичному доробку майстра слова є вписування його у Космо-Психо-Логос як інформаційно-ціннісний код українства, коли триєдність людини (тіло, дух, душа) реалізується в єдності української природи (Космо), характеру народу (Психея), у проявав його ментальності / розуму / досвіду (Логос). Безперечно, національні образи світу набувають своєрідного вираження в ліричному доробку Михайла Жайворона, що дає підстави вписувати мотивно-образні параметри в їхню структуру. Мотиви дороги проявляються також на рівні категорії свій / чужий. Зазначена інтерпретаційна модель означується трьома ракурсами: національним, інокультурним та етичним, у кожному з яких українець постає як образ блудного сина. Повернення (дорога додому) дає шанс на щастя, не-повернення — прирікає на духовну пустку, постійні скитання, нерозуміння свого місця в житті. У  проявленні обрядодійств пір року цей змістовий аспект набуває вторинного звучання, стає часопросторовим проміжком, деталлю, незначним штрихом, який єднає осінь із зимою, зиму — з весною, весну — з літом, літо — з осінню, створює своєрідну циклічність, насичену яскравими моментами зв’язку людини і природи. Зрештою, дороги у житті людини і дороги у переплетенні пір року — відмінні за своєю кінцевою метою, але єднає їх первісна суть та процесуальна істинність.
INFLUENCE OF GAS ON THE MOVEMENT OF LUBRICANT ON THE CYLINDER MIRROR
Authors: Богач В.М. , Шебанов А.М. , Довиденко Ю.М., , Єлінський І.Е.
Published: April 2024

The publication is devoted the decision of an actual problem increase efficiency operation of ship diesel engines by perfection processes greasing of cylinders. It is interesting to consider the simultaneous movement of the liquid film of oil and gas flow in the case when the latter is turbulent. Estimating the speed distribution in this case is quite a time consuming task. Therefore, only its first stage is considered here, which consists in obtaining an asymptotic solution for large values of x. The prospect of practical application of two-phase gas-liquid film motion is quite attractive, especially in the case of the same direction, when the stabilizing effect is manifested. A quantitative description of such motion is considered exhaustive if the components of the velocity vector, the oil pressure, and the film thickness are determined. These characteristics are obtained by solving the basic equations of the mechanics of continuous media, including the equations of momentum transfer, continuity and macroscopic balance. Keywords: ship diesel engine, greasing system, greasing channel, greasing process, cylinder, piston, a piston ring.
APPROACHES TO THE DETERMINATION OF WELDED PROPERTIES SAMPLES OF SHIP DOUBLE-LAYER STEEL
Authors: Коваленко І. В.
Published: April 2024

Плакуючий шар зі сталей 10Х13,10Х17Н13М2Т, 12Х13 володіє рядом високих специфічних службових властивостей, що істотно підвищують період роботи суднових металевих конструкцій [1]. Робочий шар 10Х17Н13М2Т відноситься до аустенітного класу матеріалів, особливістю зварювання даних сталей є забезпечення необхідної стійкості околошовной зони проти міжкристалічної коррозіі. Пояснюється це тим що в таких сталях навіть при короткочасному нагріванні в області температур 873 – 1073 К0 , по межах зерен випадають карбіди хрому [2]. Випадіння карбідів хрому призводить до зниження вмісту легуючих елементів в прикордонних ділянках зерна, так як дифузія вуглецю з центральних ділянок зерна до кордону внаслідок значно більша її коефіцієнту, ніж коефіцієнт дифузії хрому. Зниження вмісту хрому в прикордонних ділянках зерна, особливо нижче так званого порога стійкості, рівного 12,5%, що може викликати появу у зразках корозійного розтріскування
IMPROVEMENT OF THE WORK OF THE VESSEL SYSTEM FUEL PREPARATION AT THE ACCOUNT OF USAGE THE PROCESS OF ITS HYDROMECHANICAL PROCESSING
Authors: Яцык Парменова Д.Г. , Співак Б.А. , Побережний Р.В.
Published: April 2024

За винятком суден, що працюють на ядерному паливі та на нетрадиційних джерелах енергії (сонячних, вітрових та ін.), всі судна водного транспорту використовують під час роботи своїх суднових енергетичних установок (СЕУ) дизельне органічне паливо. Не зважаючи на конструктивне виконання, практично кожне судно містить контур підготовки палива. Треба особливо відзначити, що до сьогоднішнього часу суднове паливо не буває однорідним і завжди містить багато домішок. Такими домішками є: вода, важкі фракції нафтопродуктів (бітуми, асфальтени та ін.), механічні складові (пил, іржа та ін.). По концентрації складових на першому кількісному місці знаходяться водяні домішки. Присутність домішок води в паливі в більшості випадків уникнути неможливо. Природні процеси конденсації вологи з навколишнього середовища, технічні несправності в вузлах герметизації та ущільнення паливних і баластних танків та ін., призводять до потрапляння водної компоненти в паливо.
ASSESSMENT OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING "DIGITAL LIQUIDS" IN MARINE DIESELS
Authors: Яцык Нікольський В.В., , Оженко Є.М. , Нікольський М.В. , Коваль М.А. , Євсєєв М.Д.
Published: April 2024

Відомий виробник MAN-B&W наряду з іншими виробниками сучасних малообертових двигунів (МОД) з електронним управлінням постійно проводить роботи по підвищенню їх працездатності виходячи з практики експлуатації та обслуговування. І якщо механічна система вже багато часу, як відпрацьована, то електро-гідравлічна система подачі палива постійно вдосконалюється. MAN-B&W є провідним виробником у Світі розвитку паливних систем безпосередньої дії з гідроприводом паливного насосу, до складу якої входить пропорційний клапан подачі гідравлічної рідини Fiva-valve
FORCED OSCILLATIONS OF FLEXIBLE PIPELINES ON SEA SURFACE WAVING
Authors: Malahov O.V. , Kоlegaev M.О. , Kiris О.В. , Маslov І.Z.
Published: April 2024

In offshore maintenance of oil platforms, a great number of technological processes on offshore fleet vessels (Diving Support Vessel, Construction Ship, Support and Supply Vessel) directly relate to the operation of flexible pipelines. Flexible pipelines are frequently used - from working fluids and fuel feeding to towing various surface and submersible craft. In some cases, in heavy seas, the flow velocities through the flexible pipeline can be very high. Ultimately, this will always lead to dangerous forced oscillations of the flexible pipeline that is used.
REDUCTION OF TOXICITY OF BURNT DIESEL GASES WITH THE ADDITIONAL FEEDING SYSTEM
Authors: Knaub LV, , Lebediev BV, , Maslich N.Ya.
Published: April 2024

As a result of the introduction of new environmental emission standards, manufacturers of motor vehicles and fuels have to use a variety of technologies, systems and units to reduce harmful substances in the exhaust gases of diesel engines. Modern development of automobile internal combustion engines takes place in the following directions: increase of fuel economy and ecological purity; subincrease of unit power and weight reduction; creation of hybrid power plants with an internal combustion engine (ICE); dieselization of transport; increasing reliability of work and resources; use of alternative fuels (gas, hydrogen); control of internal combustion engines with the help of microprocessor technology. One of the ways to solve the problem is to develop technologies related to the installation of additional equipment on an existing engine in order to reduce harmful emissions into the environment.
IMPROVEMENT OF LUBRICATION OF THE CYLINDER GR
Authors: Шпірна Д. І, , Сагін С. В.
Published: April 2024

В даний час світове судноплавство, суднове дизелебудування, а також тенденції в зміні способів переробки нафти і якості палив, що поставляються для флоту, вступили в новий етап розвитку, завдання якого полягають у значному підвищенні економічності енергетичних установок і забезпеченні можливості використання в них надважких палив, отриманих із використанням вторинних продуктів переробки нафти. Наслідком такого розвитку стало створення довго-ходових і понад довго-ходових моделей малообертових дизелів (МОД), для яких характерне відношення ходу поршня до діаметру циліндра до 4,3...4,5, а в самих останніх моделях до 5,0. Висока економічність таких двигунів досягнута і завдяки підвищенню максимального тиску згоряння і поліпшенню індикаторного процесу. Всі ці зміни прямо стосуються формування мастильної плівки на поверхні змащувальних деталей циліндро - поршневої групи (ЦПГ), що сприяє погіршенню процесу мащення циліндрової групи суднових довго-ходових дизелів
INCREASING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF A SEA VESSEL IN DIFFERENT CLIMATE CONDITIONS OF OPERATION BY TRANSFORMATION OF WASTE HEAT
Authors: Богданов М.С. , Голіков В.А.
Published: April 2024

Актуальними проблемами експлуатації суден річкового та морського транспорту, на данний період, стали: розроблення технічних заходів для підвищення надійності і енергетичності транспортних систем та створення умов для високоефективного використання суден з дотриманням вимог охорони навколишнього середовища. В першу чергу, це стосується проблеми екологічності судна, яке для просування під час перевезень вантажів та пасажирів викидує в навколішне середовище значну кількість шкідливих вихлопних газів та скидної теплоти від роботи теплових двигунів. Останні три десятиріччя Міжнародна Морська Організація (IMO) та Міжнародна організація стандартів (ISO) неухильно постийно підсилють вимоги до граничних норм викидів COx, NOx і SOx та кількості скидного тепла. У зв'язку з викладеним, розробка технологічних схем засобів по утилізації скидного тепла для підвищення енергетичної ефективності силової установки судна лежить в основі представленних результатів дослідження.
INTIMATE HISTORIES
Authors: Klopprogge Nadja
Published: April 2024

Intimate Histories focuses on intimate relations as sites of shared pasts connecting African American and German history in the years between 1933 and 1990. By tracing topics that include anti-miscegenation laws, forced sterilization, casual sexual encounters, marriage, and friendships, Intimate Histories broadens our understanding of African American–German relations during the so-called “century of extremes.”
Opentalk application’s impact towards EFL high school student’s speaking skills
Authors: Safitri Devi Wanda , Anwar Choiril
Published: April 2024

There have been so many applications that can be used to improve students’ language skills, but not many of them have applied Opentalk for improving students’ speaking skills. The purpose of this study is to find out whether using the Opentalk application effective to improve student’s speaking skills of the tenth grade of MAN Kendal in academic year 2022/2023. This study used a quasi-experimental research design that consist of two classes, namely experimental class and control class. The sample was 36 students of X-1 as a control class and 36 students of X-10 as experimental class. The instrument for collecting data in this study was speaking test. The result of this study showed that the pre-test mean score of the control class was 67.11 and that of the experimental class was 60.78. After having treatment, the post-test mean score of control class was 72.11 and that of the experimental class was 65.89. The result of the analysis showed that there was a significant difference. It was supported by the result of t-test that showed sig (2-tailed) 0.004. It could be concluded that H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted meaning that the use of Opentalk application was effective to improve student’s speaking skills.
From old to modern socio-cultural transformation in Oman in the novel of Sayyidātul Qomar by Jukhah Al-Hāriṡy
Authors: Laluhun Putri
Published: April 2024

This study aims to describe the aspects of socio-cultural transformation from old to modern and to explain the process of socio-cultural change in Oman through Sayyidātul Qomar's novel by using a socio-cultural approach and socio-cultural theory by Koentjaningrat. The object of this research is the novel Sayyidātul Qomar by Jukhah Al-ḥāriṡy, which was published by the publisher Dār al-Ādāb in 2010 in Beirut, Lebanon. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method using data collection techniques in the form of a literature study. The results showed that the aspects of socio-cultural transformation that occurred in Oman in the novel were the religious/belief system, society, education/knowledge, economy, government and technology, and life equipment. The process of socio-cultural transformation from old to modern is divided into two, namely, the driving factors for the transformation and the problems/conflicts in the transformation process. These driving factors include political factors (changes in the power system), economic crises (trade crises), feminism (women's struggles for their rights as women), and open society systems (birth of new generations). These problems/conflicts include the conflict between science and the supernatural, the rebels and the Omani government, the human world and the Jinn, and the enslaver and enslaved person.
Robust Optimization of Vaccine Distribution Problem with Demand Uncertainty
Authors: Fikri Faiqul , Silalahi Bib Paruhum , Jaharuddin Jaharuddin
Published: April 2024

This study proposes a multi objective optimization model for vaccine distribution problems using the Maximum Covering Location Problem (MCLP) model. The objective function of the MCLP model in this study is to maximize the fulfillment of vaccine demand for each priority group at each demand point. In practice, the MCLP model requires data on the amount of demand at each demand point, which in reality can be influenced by many factors so that the value is uncertain. This problem makes the optimization model to be uncertain linear problem (ULP). The robust optimization approach converts ULP into a single deterministic problem called Robust Counterpart (RC) by assuming the demand quantity parameter in the constraint function is in the set of uncertainty boxes, so that a robust counterpart to the model is obtained. Numerical simulations are carried out using available data. It is found that the optimal value in the robust counterpart model is not better than the deterministic model but is more resistant to changes in parameter values. This causes the robust counterpart model to be more reliable in overcoming uncertain vaccine distribution problems in real life. This research is limited to solving the problem of vaccine distribution at a certain time and only assumes that the uncertainty of the number of requests is within a specified range so that it can be developed by assuming that the number of demand is dynamic.
Accelerated Polymer Photodegradation
Authors: Gutiérrez-Castellanos Cynthia Paola , Aguilar-Armenta Grecia María , Alanís-Navarro José Andrés , García-López María Adriana , Ríos-Abarca Danna Paola
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This article presents preliminary results of the accelerated degradation of polymers using concentrated solar radiation. For this purpose, a passive solar concentration prototype was designed, which consists of four trapezoidal mirrors placed in the shape of an inverted truncated square pyramid. The mirrors are placed at an angle of 30° respect to the zenith. The prototype has a square base of 46 cm x 46 cm where the polymers to be irradiated are placed and a geometric concentration ratio, CRg, of 1.89. The mass change was determined after 30 days of exposure to solar radiation, and the temperature variation of some samples as a function of irradiance was obtained. In addition, a computer simulation was carried out using the free access software Energy2D. Some polymers maintained their flexible mechanical properties, such as PET (type 1), others were partially embrittled, while type 2, 5 and 7 polymers were completely embrittled. It was possible to reduce the degradation time of different types of commercial polymers, while polymers exposed to non-concentrated radiation and without exposure remains intact. Embrittled polymers can be used as waterproof material in slabs and pre-cast walls, as well in applications where they are not exposed to solar radiation. On the other hand, the polymers that remained intact must be used in applications with permanent radiation exposure, such as in flower pots, plastic parts for automobiles, etc.
The Innovations Driving Tesla's Success: Disruptions, Competition, Business Model, Customer Transformation, and Entrepreneurial Strategies
Authors: Olorunfemi Babatunde
Published: April 2024

The article critically examines Tesla's monumental influence on the electric vehicle (EV) market, portraying a landscape radically transformed by innovation and strategic foresight. It outlines the journey from the nascent stages of EV development, marked by modest advancements and limited market appeal, to Tesla's emergence as a market disruptor. Highlighting Tesla's breakthroughs in battery technology and infrastructure, alongside its pioneering direct-sales model, the narrative underscores how these innovations dismantled barriers to EV adoption. The discussion extends to the competitive dynamics within the industry, emphasizing the imperative for continuous innovation amidst growing rivalry. This exploration celebrates Tesla's role in propelling the EV industry forward and contemplates future challenges and strategies vital for sustaining market leadership. Through a detailed analysis, the article encapsulates the essence of visionary leadership and cultivating an innovative culture as essential for any startup aspiring to redefine market norms.
Apricot addition for Enrichment Yogurt with Amygdalin
Authors: Forsan Hagar F. , El Abd Monier M. , Elsabie Wafaa B. , Sobhy Hassan M.
Published: April 2024

The objective of the present research was to enrich yogurt with amygdalin (vitamin B17) and increase the nutritional value of yogurt using apricot and a by-product of apricot fruit kernels. Amygdalin was considered an antibacterial, hepatic protecting, anti-tumor, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, anticancer, antiaging, antidiabetic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-angina, and antioxidant. Apricots that were mixed in a blinder for 3 min and filtered were used as a source of dietary fiber, lipids, proteins, minerals, and vitamins. Apricot kernels that were heated for 2 minutes at 120 ˚C. then cold and grind in a blender were used as a source of amygdalin (B17). Obtained results showed that the incorporation of apricot and apricot kernel is considerably impacted by the addition of apricot and apricot kernel 5% Apricot pulp + 1% Apricot kernel and 10% Apricot pulp + 2% Apricot kernel 1.42, 2,92 mg/100gm respectively.
СОВЕТ МИНИСТРОВ УДМУРТСКОЙ АССР В СТРУКТУРЕ ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНОВ ВЛАСТИ (1946–1950-Е ГГ.): К ПОСТАНОВКЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Authors: Васильев Вячеслав Алексеевич
Published: April 2024

В статье рассматривается место Совета Министров Удмуртской АССР в системе исполнительных органов власти Советского Союза. Дается анализ правового статуса и деятельности правительства Удмуртии в период четвертой и пятой пятилеток. Основными источниками исследования послужили Конституции СССР, РСФСР и УАССР, а также материалы фонда Совета Министров Удмуртской АССР, находящиеся в Центральном государственном архиве Удмуртской Республики. На их основе раскрывается нормотворческая и исполнительно-распорядительная деятельность Совета Министров Удмуртской АССР, отражающая характер его взаимоотношений с другими органами исполнительной власти Удмуртской АССР, РСФСР и СССР. Делается вывод о том, что деятельность правительства была направлена на руководство, координирование и проверку работы республиканских министерств, ведомств и исполкомов местных советов в целях реализации решений вышестоящих органов власти.
"Represents fertile ground for the development of the recalcitrant spirit of the population". Karkaraly district in the documents of the Omsk gendarme department at the beginning of the 20th century
Authors:   A. Baitursynov Kostanai Regional University, Legkiy Dmitry , Ibrayev Yerden ,   Kostanay Regional University named after A. Baitursynova
Published: April 2024

The archival documents confirm that the police department at the beginning of the 20th century carried out a deep analysis of the socio-political situation, primarily negative processes in the national outskirts of the Russian Empire, foreseeing their undesirable result for state development in the context of modernization and the simultaneous strengthening of the social and revolutionary movement in the Steppe region. The materials of the article confirm that, despite the defeat of the First Russian Revolution of 1905-1907, the general crisis of the autocratic form of government intensified, which resulted in the failure of the colonial policy on the territory of the national outskirts of the Russian Empire, including Kazakhstan. This can be seen on the example of studying the documents of the office of the Orenburg Governor, the Omsk gendarmerie department on the situation in the Karkaralinsky district at the beginning of the 20th century. At the same time, an analysis of archival materials is being carried out, how the police supervision of Akhmet Baitursynov was carried out. Sources identified in the course of work with the funds of the State Archives of the Russian Federation, the State Archives of the Orenburg Region, allowed the authors to study the details of the political investigation behind the leaders Alash, A. Baitursynov and his closest associates. The study allows us to understand the forms and methods of political investigation in the Russian Empire by the gendarmerie and the police, to find out who directly carried out this policy in the Orenburg province and the Steppe region. The general conclusion is the thesis that the Kazakh national intelligentsia, despite the opposition and repressive measures on the part of the tsarist authorities, became an integral part of the people's liberation movement in the countries of the East.