bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review on complex turbulent dynamic phenomenon of natural vortex length in cyclone separator
Authors: Gao Zhuwei , Wei Yaodong , Liu Zhongxin
Published: September 2023

The natural vortex length is a complex turbulent dynamic phenomenon of cyclone separator, which can provide reference for the height design. It is calculated by the axial distance between the vortex end and the bottom of vortex finder. At present, scholars mainly attribute the influencing factors of natural vortex length to cylinder diameter, inlet area and vortex finder diameter, ignoring the influence of other structural parameters and operating parameters, so the accuracy and applicability of empirical formula are poor. This study described the mechanism of the vortex end and analyzed the PVC phenomenon. Then, an example was provided to illustrate the limitations and shortcomings of empirical formula. In addition, the influences of some geometric parameters and operating parameters on natural vortex length were summarized. Therefore, this work could provide an important reference for design optimization of cyclone separator height.
Investigation of Some Physio-Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Fresh Meat Sold Online
Authors: Yilmaz Tahir , Gurdemir Egemen , Nizamlioglu Ayse , Akkemik Yasin , Guner Ahmet
Published: September 2023

Aim: The research was carried out to draw attention to online fresh meat sales and the precautions to be taken in this area by determining some quality characteristics of fresh meat sold online.
Materials and Methods: The pH values of the samples were determined using a digital pH meter and the temperature values were determined using an infrared sensor-operated immersion thermometer. The color values of the samples were determined by measuring the L*, a*, and b* color values with a Chromameter color measuring device. The total viable counts was determined in Plate Count Agar medium, coliform bacteria number in Violet Red Bile Agar medium, Staphylococcus spp. number in Baird Parker Agar medium supplemented with Egg Yolk Tellurite Emulsion using classical culture techniques.
Results: The mean pH values of pieced, cubed and minced meat purchased online and customers were respectively 5.62/5.62, 5.64/5.70, and 5.81/5.84. The average temperature values of pieced, cubed, and minced meat purchased online and customers were respectively 11.35/11.1°C, 11.26/11.7°C, and 12.07/12.7°C. Total viable counts of pieced, cubed, and minced meat purchased online and customers were respectively determined as 5.69/5.09, 6.34/5.68, and 7.01/6.36 log10 cfu/g. Temperature values and microbiological results determined in both meat samples purchased online with cold chain and customers without cold chain were similar.
Conclusion: In light of the results, it is thought that the temperature values, packaging forms, and shipping conditions of online meat should be more prominent in the reorganization of legislation.
Effects of Different Rearing Systems on Growth and Fattening Performance of American Bronze Turkeys
Authors: Arslan Emre , Cetin Orhan
Published: September 2023

Aim: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different rearing conditions on the growth and fattening performance of American bronze turkeys
Materials and Methods: In the study, data from a total of 123 American bronze turkeys were analyzed. The hatchlings, whose hatching weight was measured, were reared together for the first 10 weeks, and then divided into the experimental groups. The intensive rearing system group (control group) was fed only with concentrated ad libitum. Pasture groups are semi-intensive and extensive rearing systems. The semi-intensive group was subjected to 75% restricted feeding of the concentrate that the intensive group should consume. The turkey flock in the extensive rearing system was fed 50% of the feed that the turkeys in the intensive rearing system group should consume. Pasture groups benefited from the pasture between 09:00-17:00. The growth and fattening performances of the turkeys were examined by regular weighing and measurements every two weeks as they were being reared in these growing conditions between the ages of 10-32 weeks.
Results: The 32-week live weights of turkeys were found to be 4.60-4.70 and 4.52 kg in females and 7.58-7.79 and 6.71 kg in males, in intensive, semi-intensive, and extensive systems, respectively. The effect of the rearing system was significant in males at 12-32 weeks, moreover, a difference was determined among groups in females at 14-28 weeks.
Conclusion: As a result of, American bronze turkeys can be suitable breed for pasture conditions. Based on the live weight gain and feed efficiency values of the study groups, this breed can continue to grow for longer than 32 weeks when quality pastures are provided.
The enigmatical manipulators in the capsule synthesis of Pasteurella multocida: Iron acquisition proteins
Authors: Balevi Asli , Ilban Aysegul , Uslu Ali , Sayin Zafer , Gok Ayten , Padron Beatriz , Toslak Eda , Erganis Osman
Published: September 2023

Aim: Spontaneous capsular loss or capsular changes in Pasteurella multocida can result from repeated laboratory passages, positive or negative regulatory genes, or an unknown gene. This study, it was aimed to compare the properties of phenotypic, genotypic, and biotypic of each non-typical, and typical Pasteu-rella multocida strain, to determine the dominant genes on capsule synthesis.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-six strains, which capsular type was determined, and thirty -six, which capsular type was not determined, were used in this study. Multiple linear regression analysis was used based on the presence of dominant genes (serogroup, serotype, toxin, adhesin, iron acquisition, and protectin) in the isolates.
Results: When colony morphologies of strains were evaluated of these strains by culture methods, mucoid colony formation was commonly detected in typical strains (87.5%), in contrast to non-typical strains (27.7%). In typical strains, the highest percentages of ptfA, ompA, and tadD genes were 78.57%, 75%, and 69.64%, respectively. In non-typical strains, the highest rates of ompA, ptfA, and tadD genes were 61.1%, 52.78%, and 52.78%, respectively. According to multiple linear regression analysis results, the together hgbA with hgbB genes caused the increase of capsule synthesis in these strains. The presence of the ompA gene in these strains was secondly a induction on these strains. Other genes were not effective in capsule synthesis in these strains.
Conclusion: It was determined that the most significant effect in the forming of non-typical P. multocida strains was related to not enough HgbA and HgbB genes. It was supposed that P. multocida may not be heavily encapsulated under iron-restricted conditions. Consequently, P. multocida may change its capsule or lose its capsule related to iron acquisition proteins.
Lungworm infections in small ruminants in Uşak province
Authors: Erot Ercan , Kose Mustafa
Published: September 2023

Aim: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of lungworm infections in small ruminants in the Uşak province.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out by testing the stool samples of 250 sheep and 250 goats collected from 5 different localities in the Uşak province using the Baermann-Wetzel method.
Results: While the prevalence of lungworm infections was 9.6% in sheep, it was 34.4% in goats. The prevalence of infection was found to be 22% in all sheep and goats. While the prevalence of lungworm infections in sheep was determined to be 9.8% in females, no infection was found in males. The prevalence of infection in goats was determined as 33.3% in females and 53.8% in males. The prevalence of Muellerius capillaris was 5.6%, Dictyocaulus filaria 2%, Protostrongylus sp. 1.2% and Cystocaulus ocreatus 0.8% in sheep. In goats, the prevalence of M. capillaris was 34.4% and C. ocreatus was 0.4%. Mix infections caused by two lungworm species were detected in three sheep. However, mix infection was detected in only one goat. When the prevalence of lungworm infection in sheep was compared according to breeds, infection was detected in two of the five sheep breeds. The prevalence of lungworm infection was 14.1% in Eşme breed sheep and 9.1% in Kıvırcık breed sheep.
Conclusion: The prevalence and risk status of lungworm infections in small ruminant breeding have been demonstrated. In addition, it has been determined that raising sheep and goats together and grazing animals from different age groups together may pose a risk in terms of lungworm infections.
Scattering of low-energy Ne+ ions from the stepped surface of InGaP(001)<110> at the small angles of incidence
Authors: Kutliev U.O. , Otabaev M.U. , Karimov M.K. , Masharipov F.K. , Woiciechowski I.
Published: September 2023

Scattering of Ne+ ions at small angles of incidence from a stepped InGaP(001) <110> surface by the E0=5 keV was simulated using computer simulation. The trajectories of dechanneled ions from defect surface, as well as their energies at the scattering and scattering angle, are studied. It is shown that before dechanneling, the frequency and amplitude of the trajectory of ions, which move the surface channel formed by the stepped atom, increase. The energy distributions of these ions are obtained and the part of the spectrum corresponding to these ions is determined. It has been established that the energetic dechanneled ions formed  low intensity peaks on the low-energy part of the spectrum.
Monitoring The Quality of a Reverse Osmosis System in The Energy Systems of The Milk Processing Plant
Authors: EL-MARMAR Mariam , MABROUKI Jamal , FEKHAOUI Mohammed
Published: September 2023

The objective of the present work is to monitor and control the physicochemical quality of the osmosis water that feeds the dairy industry in our case the power plant, specifically in terms of energy services. The three energy installations fed by reverse osmosis water are the boiler room, the cold room and the compressed air. These facilities respectively allow the production of steam, the absorption of heat from water through ammonia and the production of compressed air. During a period of 30 days, we monitored the pH, conductivity, alkalinity, hydrometric title, and chlorine content on water samples at the feed tank, boiler, and condenser. The results of the majority of the experimental analyzes comply with the standards imposed except for a few days.
Analgesic Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant to Levo-Bupivacine in Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Plan Block for Modified Radical Mastectomy
Authors: Mohamed Sahar Abdel-Baky , Mohamed Mohamed Farouk , Mohamed Montaser Abdelfataah , Edward Peter Rafaat , El-Rahman Ahmed Mohammed Abd
Published: September 2023

Background& aim: There are several advantages to properly managing post-masctetomy pain. With single shot interfascial plane blocks, local anesthetic adjuvants enhance analgesia duration. They improve the analgesic impact of local anesthetics. Dexamethasone, magnesium sulphate and dexmedetomidine, are examples of adjuvants with diverse modes of action. This research examined the analgesic effects of dexmedetomidine in women who had undergone a modified radical mastectomy (MRM). Methods and Patients: The research included forty women with histopathologically confirmed breast cancer. They were all scheduled for MRM and were randomly assigned to one of two groups: those who got levobupivacaine alone (group C) or those who received dexmedetomidine plus levobupivacaine (group D) during ultrasound (US)-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB). The two groups were compared in terms of their hemodynamics, demographics, time until the first request for analgesia, numeric rating scale (NRS) scores, Richmond Agitation & Sedation scale (RASS) scores and total opioid use. Results: There were no statistically significant differences observed between the two groups in terms of baseline data. The set of participants referred to as group D had a statistically significant reduction in heart rate on many instances. Furthermore, it was discovered that group D had a substantial reduction in postoperative NRS ratings and a heightened degree of recovery from sedation, as shown by the RASS. Furthermore, it was noted that group D had a significantly reduced overall analgesic dose (9.12±0.46 vs. 6.24±1.37 mg; p= 0.02) and a prolonged duration until first analgesia (6.21±1.28 vs. 7.13±1.79 hours; p< 0.001). Conclusion: The use of dexmedetomidine in combination with levobupivacaine ESPB has been shown to enhance postoperative analgesia compared to the use of levobupivacaine alone. This improvement in postoperative analgesia leads to enhanced comfort levels for patients. Further research is necessary to corroborate these results via future studies conducted in several places.
Are Customers Behaving Differently in the Post-COVID-19 Era, and How is this Affecting Worker Satisfaction?
Authors: Joudeh Jamal M. M. , Allan Mahmoud , Abu-Loghod Nabil A. , Khader Jameel A. , Al-Gasawneh Jassim A.
Published: September 2023

A coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, it has rapidly spread over the world, resulting in one of the deadliest pandemics in recent history in terms of infections and deaths. As a result, the objective of the present study is to investigate how the behavior of customers affects the psychological, physical, financial, and satisfaction levels of workers in small businesses post-COVID-19. To fulfill the objective of this study, a self-administered questionnaire was developed to measure the study’s variables. The questionnaire has been distributed by hand and online to 465 workers in small businesses in Jordan. The PLS-SEM of AMOS is applied to examine the hypotheses. The findings show that the behavior of customers has a direct positive impact on the psychological, health, and financial risks of workers who work in small businesses. Also, the findings show that psychological, health, and financial risks have a direct positive effect on the satisfaction of workers. Furthermore, it was discovered that customer behavior has an indirect positive impact on worker satisfaction via psychological, health, and financial risks. This study suggests that workers and customers should take action to safeguard themselves against future health crises. Customers and workers are advised to use masks, sanitizer, and social distancing when necessary. Workers and customers need to remember that their behaviors protect them as well as those who come into contact with them.
The Effect of Giving Mitekor (Moringa Leaf Noodles) On Overcoming Stunting in School Children in Medan Tuntungan District, Medan
Authors: Oppusunggu Riris , Zahara Ratna , . Mahdiah
Published: September 2023

Stunting can be interpreted as delayed growth or failure to thrive in children due to chronic malnutrition so that children are shorter for their age. Malnutrition occurs when the baby is in the womb and in the early stages of life after birth. This research aims to determine the effect of giving mitekor and sticks made from Moringa leaves with anchovy flour on preventing stunting in school children in Medan Tuntungan sub-district, Medan City. This type of research used a quasi-experiment with one group with random sampling and the sample criteria were stunted school children from 2 schools, SDN 067246 and SDN 065015 with determination of anthropometric nutritional status-plus WHO-2007 to determine the TB/U Z-score value. The intervention given was giving 100 g/day of mites and sticks made from moringa flour and anchovy flour to see changes in body height. The intervention was given for 30 consecutive days and analyzing the mites and sticks content in the laboratory as well as to obtain intake. The food was recalled twice, not consecutively. The results of the study showed that there was an increase in nutritional intake before and after the intervention, this was due to the provision of 100 gr of noodles and sticks per day for 30 days, the average energy increased by 240.57 kcal, protein; 5.97 gr, carbohydrates; 42.64 gr, calcium 146.97, zinc; 0.5 mg, iron; 1.91 mg There was an increase in nutritional status based on the TB/U index before and after the intervention, where the short category before the intervention was given was 33 people (100%) and after the intervention it was 31 people (93.9%). Statistical results show that there is an effect of giving mitoros and sticks on preventing stunting in school children in Medan Tuntungan sub-district with P = 0.02
Evaluating the Crucial Role of External Auditors in Mitigating Corruption Risk
Authors: Jaber Hanan Abdelsalam Nimer
Published: September 2023

The justification for the ongoing survey is to review the commitment of outside examiners equivalent to corporate defilement and highlight the repercussions for outer review controllers. The current review is based on an in-depth analysis of the International and American Auditing Standards for fraud and illegal acts and a critical review of earlier academic literature. Outside inspectors commit to evaluating defilement gambles, yet outer review controllers did not unquestionably portray their occupation. The ongoing survey was first to make sense of the commitment of outside reviewers regarding corporate debasement and to uncover knowledge of current cutoff points in the review guidelines related to this area. The back-and-forth movement furthermore presents a proposition to review controllers, outside inspectors, review firms, and examiners in such dubious regions.
The Evolution of Accounting: A Glimpse into The Future
Authors: Jaber Hanan Abdelsalam Nimer
Published: September 2023

This article explores the recent advancements in accounting practices, focusing on the period between 2019 and 2023. The study critically evaluates the challenges and opportunities presented by these developments, with particular attention given to technology integration in the field. The discussion is framed within an increasingly globalised and interconnected world.
The Comprehension of Expository Texts In Students: A Systematic Review Study Between 2017-2022
Authors: Ojeda-Criollo Graciela Guissela de Lourdes , Cardoza-Sernaqué Lizbany Sujey , Jiménez-Jáuregui Yadira Julia , García-Farías Víctor Alejandro , Lachira-Prieto Liliana Isabel , García-Ventura Cynthia Catherine , Chero-Valdivieso Henry Alberto
Published: September 2023

The present study aims to systematize the scientific literature regarding the comprehension of expository texts in students. The study used the PRISMA method to identify studies in the Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), EBSCO, Scielo and ERIC databases in the period 2017-2022. A total of 1421 records were identified, which went through inclusion and exclusion criteria, where finally 14 included studies remained. These studies sought to answer the research question: What are the most used strategies for the compression of expository texts in students? The data collected based on the systematization of the studies was structured into 2 matrices based on the authors, countries according to the corresponding author, keywords, dimensions, instruments used, approaches, application strategies and the conclusions of the studies in order to find possible methodological or conclusion similarities, verifying strengths or weaknesses that have been presented by studies on the comprehension of expository texts in students. The results analyzed show that Argentina is the country with the highest frequency of publications regarding correspondence between authors. Similarly, among the keywords that stand out we have expository text, reading comprehension, oral comprehension, learning strategies, self-regulation, reading strategies, writing strategies. According to the content studied, it is concluded that, among the most frequent strategies for the compression of expository texts, is the use of paraphrasing, literalness, macro-rules, the memorization technique, paper or digital notes, organizers graphics and digital strategies. In addition, comprehension difficulties were found in the studies due to the complex structure of the expository texts. On the other hand, a strong relationship was identified between self-regulation and comprehension of expository texts, the greater the regulation of student learning, the greater the general comprehension of expository texts.
Paradigm Of New Institutional Administrations in The Governance and Institutionalization of Marine Tourism in Payangan, Indonesia
Authors: HS M Hamdi , Soepeno Bambang , . Supranoto , Suryawati Dina
Published: September 2023

Marine tourism management is not just a matter of governance per se, institutional factors also seem to have an influence, especially in traditional marine tourism management, such as in Payangan. To understand the relationship between governance and institutions in marine tourism management in Payangan, this study aims to analyze the problems in governance and institutions in Payangan, as well as to develop a conceptual model design. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with the Soft System Methodology (SSM) approach as a systemic approach to solve complex governance and institutional problems in Payangan through a series of stages. The research results indicate that the dominant problem situation in Payangan is not in its governance, but rather in its institutions, particularly in accommodating the values of the local community that have long been neglected, as they are monopolized by certain small community groups and elements of the Sumberejo Village Government who are only seeking economic gain. The monopolies of certain parties have caused the governance and institutionalization of marine tourism in Payangan to not function properly, requiring a new conceptual model of governance and institutions based on the construction of reality, social networks, and path-dependent development within the realm of the science of administration, or New Institutional Administrations (NIA), as a development and critique of the first-level institution or embeddedness proposed by Williamson, which has economic dimensions or New Institutional Economics (NIE).
CHANGES IN VEGETATION AT SMALL LANDSCAPE SCALES AND CAPTIVITY ALTER THE GUT MICROBIOTA OF BLACK HOWLER MONKEYS (Alouatta pigra: Atelidae)
Authors: García-Feria Luis Manuel , Aguilar-Faisal Leopoldo , Pastor-Nieto Rosalía , Serio-Silva Juan Carlos
Published: September 2023

The healthy function of the gastrointestinal system is influenced by changes in the microbiota and the adaptability of the host to different habitat conditions and food availability. We isolated and identified 64 bacterial morphospecies from rectal swabs from five captive black howler monkeys (CM) and 15 wild individuals (WM) from groups living in fragments with different compositions and vegetation structures (height, density, canopy width) in flooded and non-flooded areas. Low microbial diversity in CM and WM from the flooded area was observed while in WM from the non-flooded area, there was a higher microbial diversity and evenness. Free-ranging monkeys from different areas showed a significant difference in the replacement of morphospecies of gut microbiota (p = 0.0006); however, the bacterial communities are not differentiated as particular entities. The intestinal microbial community can be an indicator of howler monkeys’ health and habitat quality. The change in the composition of the plant community into small landscape scales, as well as fragmentation and natural heterogeneity of the landscape, can affect the intestinal microbial community of howler monkeys.
USO DE FAUNA SILVESTRE POR COMUNIDADES CAMPESINAS EN PLATO, MAGDALENA, REGIÓN CARIBE COLOMBIANA
Authors: Gómez Herrera Ramiro , Racero-Casarrubia Javier , Ballesteros-Correa Jesús
Published: September 2023

La fauna silvestre es de crucial importancia en la construcción social, económica y cultural de las comunidades campesinas; aunque su uso puede generar amenazas para la estabilidad de las poblaciones silvestres más explotadas. Este articulo determinó desde un punto de vista etnozoológico los usos que recibe la fauna silvestre en una localidad rural de Plato Magdalena. Se realizaron 70 entrevistas estructuradas, empleando fichas ilustradas de especies de anfibios, reptiles, aves y mamíferos con distribución para esta región. Se reconocieron 103 especies (11 anfibios, 29 reptiles, 32 aves y 31 mamíferos), donde el 65% soportan diferentes categorías de uso: alimento, comercio, mascota, artesanía y medicina, usos que incluyen a 12 reptiles, 28 aves y 27 mamíferos. Las especies con mayor uso como alimento son Dasypus novemcinctus, Dasiprocta punctata, Hydrochoerus h. isthmius, Mazama sanctaemartae, Pecari tajacu, Sylvilagus floridanus, Trachemys callirostris, Iguana iguana, Ortalis garrula, Dendrocygna autumnalis. El uso comercial recae sobre Caiman crocodilus fuscus, I. iguana, T. callirostris y Chelonoidis carbonarius; y como mascotas Ara araruana, A. macao, Eupsittula pertinax, Brotogeris jugularis, Amazona ochrocephala, Thraupis episcopus, Sicalis flaveola, Cebus versicolor, Notosciurus granatensis y C. carbonarius. Las pieles de Leopardus pardalis, Puma concolor, Panthera onca, C. crocodilus fuscus, Boa constrictor, y caparazones de C. carbonarius son usados en artesanías. Diferentes especies de aves, mamíferos y reptiles son recursos importantes para la sobrevivencia de la comunidad campesina, cuyo valor utilitario está estrechamente relacionados con aspectos socioculturales y el conocimiento tradicional, lo cual es importante tener en cuenta en el diseño de programas de conservación.
DIVERSIDAD Y ESTRUCTURA DE LA COMUNIDAD ZOOPLANCTÓNICA EN LA CIÉNAGA DE PAREDES
Authors: Criales-Hernández María Isabel , Sánchez Lobo Diana Marcela , Rueda Parra Angela Maria , López-Gómez Silvia Maria
Published: September 2023

El zooplancton constituye uno de los componentes tróficos más importante para el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas acuáticos, y los cambios en esta comunidad contribuyen a entender los procesos de oferta alimenticia y el reciclaje de nutrientes en estos ambientes de gran relevancia. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar los cambios temporales en la composición, estructura y diversidad del zooplancton dulceacuícola en la ciénaga de Paredes y su relación con las variables ambientales durante el periodo de 2013 a 2014. Se trabajó con muestras zooplanctónicas depositadas en el Museo de Historia Natural UIS y se evaluó la estructura de la comunidad, usando los números efectivos de Hill y análisis de varianza para determinar si hay diferencias significativas en el pulso de inundación. El análisis de escalamiento multidimensional no métrico arrojó un valor de estrés bajo (0,073), las variables que presentaron valores estadísticamente significativos fueron transparencia, profundidad y conductividad. Los rotíferos fueron el grupo más representativo, estos organismos pudieron verse favorecidos por la tolerancia que presentan ante las fluctuaciones que se presentan en la columna de agua. Keratella americana y Lecane proiecta, fueron las especies más abundantes durante todo el periodo de estudio. Estas especies cosmopolitas son características de sistemas eutrofizados, con alta carga de nutrientes y materia orgánica, como lo que se observa en la ciénaga de Paredes. La diversidad específica disminuyó en comparación con un estudio anterior, lo que puede sugerir cambios en las características fisicoquímicas del agua. Se reportan quince nuevos registros para el departamento de Santander.
Hypolobocera bouvieri (DECAPODA: PSEUDOTHELPHUSIDAE) Y ANÁLISIS FISICOQUÍMICO EN MICROCUENCAS EN AGROECOSISTEMAS MONTANOS
Authors: Rivera Pérez Juan Mateo , Llano Arias Camilo Andrés , Guevara Cardona Giovany
Published: September 2023

Los cangrejos de montaña (Decapoda: Pseudothelphusidae) son considerados sensibles a diversas alteraciones antropogénicas y ambientales en los ecosistemas acuáticos. En quebradas de la región andina colombiana, que drenan varios agroecosistemas, existe poca información sobre estos organismos. Aquí se muestran los resultados de la abundancia de Hypolobocera bouvieri, en tres microcuencas altoandinas de Colombia y su relación con variables fisicoquímicas, en Villamaría, región suroccidental del departamento de Caldas. Se revisó el material depositado en la Colección Entomológica del Programa de Biología de la Universidad de Caldas (Manizales, Colombia). El oxígeno disuelto, sólidos suspendidos totales y concentración de hierro se correlacionaron negativamente con la abundancia de H. bouvieri, mientras que el tipo de sustrato mostró una correlación positiva. Nuestros resultados contribuyen al conocimiento de los cangrejos de agua dulce en quebradas altoandinas con alta actividad agrícola (cultivo de hortalizas) y aporta nueva información sobre la ecología de esta especie.
DESCOMPOSICIÓN DE HOJAS Y ENSAMBLAJE DE MACROINVERTEBRADOS EN UNA QUEBRADA TROPICAL ANDINA (IBAGUÉ, COLOMBIA)
Authors: Quimbayo Díaz Carlos Sebastián , Reinoso-Flórez Gladys , Guevara Giovany
Published: September 2023

El funcionamiento ecosistémico de quebradas o arroyos altoandinos de Colombia aún es poco conocido. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la descomposición de hojas de aliso (Alnus acuminata), sietecueros (Andesanthus lepidotus) y una mezcla 1:1 de estas especies (Mixto), utilizando bolsas de hojarasca de poro amplio y fino, de 5 y 0,5 mm respectivamente, en la quebrada Las Perlas (2390 m.s.n.m.). Se recolectaron cuatro réplicas por tratamiento a los 3, 7, 15, 20 y 30 días, y se analizó la descomposición y la colonización por invertebrados (densidad, grupos funcionales de alimentación-GFA). Las tasas de descomposición (k) fueron significativamente distintas entre tratamientos y durante el experimento: A. acuminata (62 % de pérdida de masa seca) > Mixto (53 %) > A. lepidotus (31 %), principalmente en la primera semana y hacia el final del estudio. El mayor valor de k se registró en A. acuminata (– 0,019 días-1) y el menor en A. lepidotus (– 0,004 días-1). La densidad de macroinvertebrados colonizadores mostró una tendencia a aumentar durante el experimento, fue mayor en el día 20, y estuvo dominada principalmente por Diptera (Chironomidae, Simuliidae), Trichoptera (Hydroptilidae), Coleoptera (Elmidae) y Ephemeroptera (Leptohyphidae), mientras que en los GFA predominaron los recolectores, con los valores más altos en Mixto que en las especies por separado. En general, nuestros resultados sugieren que la colonización y la función de los invertebrados están relacionadas con la diversidad de hojas y sus mezclas, las cuales pueden definir la dinámica de la descomposición y de nutrientes en sistemas acuáticos tropicales altoandinos.
Ocurrencia y distribución de Bemisia tabaci y Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) en cultivos de tomate en Panamá
Authors: Herrera Vasquez José Ángel , Jaén Sanjur José Natividad , Zachrisson Salamina Bruno Alexis , Rubio Miguélez Luis , Barba Alvarado Anovel Amet , Aguilera Cogley Vidal Antonio , Atencio Valdespino Randy , Galipienso Torregrosa Luis , Mejía Franco Luis Carlos
Published: September 2023

Las principales regiones productoras de tomate a campo abierto y en invernadero en Panamá (provincias de Los Santos, Herrera, Veraguas y Chiriquí) fueron muestreadas para determinar la ocurrencia y distribución de Bemisia tabaci y Trialeurodes vaporariorum durante las temporadas de cultivo de 2017 y 2018. Se encuestaron veintidós parcelas y se analizaron extractos de ADN de 112 moscas blancas adultas mediante PCR múltiplex utilizando un conjunto de iniciadores específicos de B. tabaci MEAM1, B. tabaci NW y T. vaporariorum. De los extractos de ADN correspondientes a 57 moscas blancas individuales (50.9 %) se obtuvieron productos de PCR del tamaño esperado con iniciadores específicos de B. tabaci (37 pertenecían a B. tabaci MEAM1 y 20 a B. tabaci NW), mientras que de los extractos de ADN restantes correspondientes a 55 individuos de moscas blancas (49.1 %) se obtuvieron productos del tamaño esperado con iniciadores específicos de T. vaporariorum. La secuenciación de estos productos de PCR y el análisis BLAST permitieron la identificación de B. tabaci MEAM1, B. tabaci NW y T. vaporariorum. Bemisia tabaci NW se detectó en las cuatro provincias, mientras que B. tabaci MEAM1 se detectó en las provincias de Los Santos, Herrera y Chiriquí, y T. vaporariorum se detectó solamente en la provincia de Chiriquí. Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, B. tabaci NW y T. vaporariorum fueron detectadas en ambos sistemas de producción (campo abierto e invernadero). Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 y B. tabaci NW fueron detectadas en los climas de selva tropical (Af) y sabana tropical (Aw), en un rango altitudinal de 19–1543 metros sobre el nivel del mar (m s. n. m.), mientras que T. vaporariorum fue encontrada solamente en el clima Af, en un rango altitudinal de 818–1661 m. s. n. m. Según nuestro conocimiento, este no es solo el primer reporte de B. tabaci MEAM1 y B. tabaci NW a una altitud por encima de 1000 m. s. n. m. en Panamá, sino también es el primer reporte de T. vaporariorum a una altitud por debajo de 1000 m. s. n. m. en este país. La información sobre la identificación y distribución geográfica de las moscas blancas en Panamá ayudará a diseñar estrategias efectivas para el manejo de plagas.
Effects of the combination of phytosanitary products and entomopathogenic fungi for the control of insect pests
Authors: Musso Anahi , Lopez Lastra Claudia Cristina , Padin Susana Beatriz , Minardi Graciela Monica , Marcondes Almeida Jose Eduardo
Published: September 2023

The combination of phytosanitary products (PPs) and entomopathogenic fungi (EF) can be used in integrated pest management (IPM) programs. The aim of the present work was to study the effects of PPs, commonly used in Argentina and Brazil, combined with Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Cordyceps (Isaria) fumosorosea, for the control of insect pests in the post-harvest of wheat, under laboratory and semi-field conditions. In vitro compatibility was assessed using the biological index (BI) based on the percentages of fungal vegetative growth, sporulation, and germination. The number of colony-forming units (CFUs) was evaluated under semi-field conditions. In all cases, PPs evaluated reduced the mean germination percentages as compared with the control. According to the BI, none of the treatments evaluated were compatible with any of the three isolates, except for the treatment L7 of Lambdacialotrine, which was moderately toxic on B. bassiana. Evaluated PPs did not affect the number of CFUs of B. bassiana or C. fumosorosea with respect to the control. In contrast, PPs affected the number of CFUs of M. anisopliae, independently of the persistence time of fungi on the grains. PPs and EF should be applied separately under semi-field conditions, however, further research under field conditions should be conducted to confirm the compatibility within an IPM strategy.
Evaluación del impacto del monocultivo de papa sobre la calidad edáfica en el Páramo de Guerrero (Cundinamarca, Colombia)
Authors: Triana Gasca Ingrid Alexandra , Díaz Ramírez Diego Mauricio , Vallejo Quintero Victoria Eugenia
Published: September 2023

En los últimos años, la expansión de la frontera agropecuaria en el Páramo de Guerrero (Colombia) ha transformado y alterado este frágil y estratégico ecosistema, afectando la prestación de bienes y servicios ambientales y disminuyendo la calidad edáfica. El presente estudio evaluó el efecto del monocultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) sobre la calidad edáfica en el Páramo de Guerrero. Para ello se comparó un conjunto total de datos (CTD) de 14 variables edáficas en tres agroecosistemas: (1) monocultivo convencional de papa (SC), (2) suelo en descanso (SD) y (3) un bosque (BO). Posteriormente, a partir del CTD se seleccionó un conjunto mínimo de datos (CMD) de 11 indicadores fisicoquímicos y microbiológicos empleados en la determinación del índice de calidad de suelos (ICS). Los mayores valores del ICS se obtuvieron en el BO (1.11) y SD (1.10), seguido del SC (1.07). Los resultados evidencian que las prácticas agrícolas implementadas en el páramo han afectado la calidad edáfica, lo cual es atribuido principalmente a menores contenidos de carbono (C) orgánico, humedad y actividad enzimática (catalasa) en el SC. Así mismo, a través de la guía diagnóstica en campo, se evidenciaron alteraciones en indicadores físicos como la resistencia al rompimiento, presencia de capas endurecidas y disminución en la velocidad de infiltración.
SIMPL3: un lenguaje de programación para artistas y diseñadores en español
Authors: Cuartas Correa José David
Published: September 2023

SIMPL3  es un lenguaje creado especialmente para no programadores en el que pueden escribir código haciendo uso de una sintaxis en español, a diferencia de lo que sucede con la mayoría de los lenguajes de programación que están en inglés. Este proyecto se fundamenta en un enfoque empírico analítico, basado en un prototipo rápido incremental, en el que primero se diseñan módulos aislados con funcionalidades básicas y luego se van agregando (módulo por módulo) a una implementación general que integra a todos los módulos. En este momento, el proyecto se encuentra en proceso de prueba y validación. Se viene desarrollando desde el año 2021 y es publicado bajo licencia software libre GPLv3; es multiplataforma, lo que permite ser ejecutado tanto en Windows, como en Linux o en MacOS. Este es uno de los proyectos desarrollados dentro del laboratorio Inmedia, en la Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, y puede ser descargado de: https://sourceforge.net/projects/simpl3/files/
Conciencia aural del conflicto. Práctica de escucha y recreación sonora en el proyecto Llamado de Guerra
Authors: Ferro Astaiza Esteban Camilo
Published: September 2023

En los últimos cincuenta años, la vivencia de conflictos locales a través de los medios de comunicación ha sido una experiencia común a las distintas sociedades latinoamericanas. Durante guerras civiles, dictaduras y revueltas sociales, la radio fue utilizada para imponer narrativas sobre los sucesos y formar una opinión uniforme en las audiencias. La radio, como medio de comunicación arraigado a la población latinoamericana, fue utilizada de formas particulares en cada territorio, pero con operaciones similares debido a las relaciones geopolíticas e históricas de los Estados-nación resultantes de tres siglos de colonización.  Llamado de Guerra es una investigación que busca indagar cómo fue utilizada la radiodifusión durante los conflictos en Latinoamérica, a partir del desarrollo de una práctica artística fundamentada en la escucha y recreación de un archivo sonoro de documentos relacionados con acontecimientos políticos donde la radiodifusión fungió un papel crucial en el desarrollo de un conflicto. En este texto expondré aspectos de esta práctica en relación con la dominación territorial por medio del sonido, la reproducción de la realidad a través de los medios de comunicación, las prácticas de escucha profunda y la memoria histórica.
Mapa-escaneo matriz simbólica de aprendices de audiovisuales y multimedia
Authors: Camacho Yáñez Andrea Carolina
Published: September 2023

Los procesos de creación y diseño son fundamentales para los aprendices que desarrollan actividades de creación audiovisual y multimedial. El paso de la idea al concepto de creación y, finalmente, al de implementación está íntimamente relacionado con los procesos de memoria e imagen. En la actualidad, estamos inmersos en un flujo de información por parte de los diferentes medios digitales, especialmente de información que emplea un formato de tipo audiovisual y multimedia. La saturación de este tipo de información ha permitido observar que hay un deterioro en los procesos de imagen-memoria en los aprendices de programas de tipo audiovisual y multimedial, los cuales presentan diferentes niveles de afectación, dependiendo del grupo generacional al que pertenezca el individuo. Por lo anterior, se presenta un estudio realizado a los aprendices de programas técnicos y tecnológicos de la línea audiovisual y multimedia del SENA, Distrito Capital, a través de un ejercicio cartográfico y de mapa-escaneo matriz simbólica, el cual permitió determinar los ritos y rituales, y los cronotopos, así como las huellas mnemotécnicas de cada individuo del estudio, con el fin de determinar el estado de sus procesos de imagen-memoria, los cuales están íntimamente relacionados con sus procesos creativos.
Women Creators in BoJack Horseman
Authors: Ortega Castillo Jenny Paola
Published: September 2023

BoJack Horseman is one of the productions that treats mental illness as an experience in which numerous people who are diagnosed with mental disorders, to varying degrees, are recognized. In the series, most of the characters that are diagnosed are women, of the same genealogical line who share genetic inheritance and question the meaning of life, motherhood, abortion, success and happiness. What I suggest is that the animated women in the series had everything to do with the team of female directors, creators, filmmakers, producers and illustrators who were part of BoJack Horseman and who reoriented and modified their own diagnoses of mental illness, and took them to their creative works in a therapeutic and public process, which broadened the discussion about mental illness on the television screen and outside of it. From the field of cultural studies, this observation is about women who took agency over their own mental illness diagnoses.
Statistical model based on climatological variables for the prediction of pest and disease incidence in rose (Rosa spp.) crops
Authors: Lombana-Peña William Alberto , Pedraza-Contreras Oscar Eduardo , Ordoñez-Córdoba Ramiro , Nova Manosalva Omar Ariel , Salamanca Bernal Julián Andrés
Published: September 2023

In Colombia, floriculture is a very important section of the economy since it provides income to the country. Within this sector is the cultivation of roses (Rosa spp.), whose production and quality are affected by the presence of various pests and diseases. Among these pests are thrips Frankliniella occidentalis and mites Tetranychus urticae, and among the diseases are downy mildew Peronospora sparsa, powdery mildew Podosphaera pannosa and botrytis Botrytis cinerea. This problem generates large expenses in the purchase of agrochemical products for their control and management. This study analyzes the incidence of various pests and diseases in rose cultivation as a function of climatological variables (evaporation, temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation) in order to predict a future affectation. The analysis was carried out with R as programming language for the calculation of a multiple linear regression model. The results showed satisfactory prediction for the percentage incidence of each of the pests and diseases, since the difference between the predicted values and the values obtained by monitoring did not exceed 5% for the downy mildew, botrytis, mites, and thrips and 10% for the powdery mildew. The tool presented shows appropriate prediction for the possible behavior of the pests and diseases, and, thus, provides the opportunity to  counteract their damage and estimate the investment required for their control. In this study, only the percentage incidence data of each of the pests and/or diseases was considered, as well as the  value of the response variables in percentage incidence.
Responses of landraces and commercial cultivars of yellow passion fruit to the prevalence of Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Bernal Moreno Juan Pablo , Rodríguez Nohra
Published: September 2023

Yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) is a fruit of high economic potential in Colombia, but the prevalence of some diseases often makes growers stop cultivating it. Also, varieties´ tolerance against some pathogens that have high prevalence in Colombia have not been released. The objective of this study was to contribute to the characterization of 63 populations of yellow passion fruit, including 46 cultivars and 17 landraces. The plants were evaluated using morphoagronomic descriptors (leaves, flowers, and fruits) as well as ecophysiological parameters (stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and degree of chlorosis) evaluated against the 21-02129 strain of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from purple passion fruit (gulupa, in Spanish). Results showed low levels of germination (55% landraces and 50% cultivars). The landraces populations showed greater morphological variability and greater tolerance to the pathogen expressed by the chlorophyll concentration from intact leaf samples on 28 d post inoculation (dpi) (landraces: 458±108 μmol m-2 and cultivars: 411±125 μmol m-2) and stomatal conductance (landraces: 90.8±14.9 mmol m-2 s-1 and cultivars: 87.1±34.1 mmol m-2s-1). The study revealed a good potential for tolerance to this pathogen in landraces, so it is necessary to carry out research aimed at preserving this diversity in situ and ex situ as well as a continuous analysis of these populations.
Effect of apple peel extracts on storage quality of quince juice
Authors: AL-Jammaas Oday Hasan Ali
Published: September 2023

Enzymatic browning is one of the reactions influencing the quality of some fruit juices such as quince juice. Nowadays, there is an increased demand for application of antibrowning agents. This research was aimed at the effects of using each ethanolic and aqueous apple peel extracts (EAPE, AAPE) in two concentrations (0.3 and 3%) as inhibitor agents for polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO) of quince juice and their effects on the browning index (BI), total soluble solids (TSS), pH, total titratable acidity (TA), and total phenolic content (TPC) during storage at 4°C for 15 d. The effectiveness of 3% (w/v) alcoholic apple peel extract efficiently inactivated the activities of PPO compared with another three extracts during whole refrigerated storage time. The lowest inhibition percentage value of BI was found in 0.3% AAPE supplemented quince juices. EAPE and AAPE with concentrations of 3% had significantly larger pH values than that of EAPE and AAPE with concentration 0.3% and untreated quince juices at a final day of cold storage. TA values of juice samples untreated and treated with apple extracts did not show significant changes that ranged between 74-75 mg/100 ml at the beginning of storage and decreased with increased storage time, ranging between 0.68-0.72 mg/100 ml at the end of storage. The addition of apple peel extracts during the storage of quince juice had a positive effect on TSS values of the samples. Significantly larger TPC values (P<0.05) were obtained with 3% EAPE incorporated juice samples in comparison with other treatments.
CH4 and N2O fluxes during paddy rice crop development, post-harvest, and fallow
Authors: Lima Magda Aparecida de , Faria Vieira Rosana , Barreto Luiz Alfredo José , Haddad Galvão José Abrahão
Published: September 2023

Paddy fields are major sources of greenhouse gases, mainly methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Defining the sampling times for determining the average diurnal emission rates is an important step in optimizing field measurement, avoiding the influence of possible peaks. With this purpose, diurnal gas measurements (CH4 and N2O) were taken using the static chamber method during five 24 h-periods (campaigns), every 2 h, at three rice crop development stages (R2, C1 campaign; R5, C2 campaign, and R8, C3 campaign), and in post-harvest (PH, C4 campaign) and in fallow (FP, C5 campaign) periods. The CH4 fluxes remained close to the average flux both at C1 (9.4 ± 1.0 mg CH4 m-2 h-1) and C2 (10.2 ± 1.4 mg CH4 m-2 h-1), allowing the gas sampling at any time of the day, except at 5:00 p.m. when a peak was observed at C1. As the CH4 fluxes for C3, C4, and C5 were close to zero, no average value was identified. The average N2O fluxes were low at C1 (1.0 ± 5.7 μg N2O m-2 h-1) and at C4 (6.7 ± 2.6 μg N2O m-2 h-1), increasing at C2 (26.9 ± 9.3 μg N2O m-2 h-1) and C3 (21.2 ± 7.2 μg N2O m-2 h-1) and reaching higher values during the C5 campaign (73.7 ± 33.3 μg N2O m-2 h-1). In general, considering the average flux values recorded in this study, the most appropriate times for sampling N2O during the C1, C2, C3, and C4 campaigns would be from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. and also around 11:00 a.m. Average N2O flows in fallow would be more likely around 11:00 p.m. and 11 a.m.