bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МЕТОДУ АНАЛІЗУ ІЄРАРХІЙ ДЛЯ ПОБУДОВИ СТРАТЕГІЇ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗНАННЯМИ ВИСОКОТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ ПРОЕКТІВ
Authors: Вартанян Василь Михайлович , Штейнбрехер Дар'я Олександрівна
Published: July 2019

The subject of the study is the use of the hierarchy analysis technique to develop an optimal strategy for project knowledge management (KM) based on the analysis of the KM system elements influence on the indicators of the high-tech project. The main purpose is to develop a mathematical model for prioritizing the components of the KM system, based on an analysis of their effectiveness during the high-tech project's implementation. The methods: a hierarchy analysis technique is used to justify the decisions regarding the effectiveness of the KM system and the development of an optimal project KM strategy. The following results are obtained. Hierarchy analysis technique allows us to consider the KM system set of elements of the hierarchy, which are grouped in accordance with the distribution of some properties between these elements. Such groups identify the subsystems and modules of the KM system. The procedure of efficiency of KM estimation is considered on the example of a typical high-tech enterprise PJSC "Scientific-Production Enterprise "Radiy", which specializes in the design and installation of information-control systems based on FPGA for Nuclear Power Propulsion Systems and research reactors. To assess the intensity of the KM elements effects a method of analysis of the hierarchy developed by T. Saati has been used. This method makes it possible to determine the priorities of the factors in the KM system of high-tech projects. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is as follows: we have improved the decision-making process in relation to the construction of an optimal KM strategy. This is achieved by determining the effectiveness of the KM system by analyzing the intensity of the system elements influence the project's cost and duration indicators. As a result of applying the optimal strategy, the project can achieve 31.4% savings in project costs and 40.2% savings in time costs, with the involvement of a qualified number of specialists in the project.
МЕТОДИКА ВІДБОРУ СИСТЕМИ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ДЛЯ ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ СТАНУ КОМП’ЮТЕРНОЇ СИСТЕМИ
Authors: Гавриленко Світлана Юріївна
Published: July 2019

The processes of design, development, testing, maintenance, and management of modern computer systems (CS) require the solution of optimization tasks. The peculiarity of such processes is to obtain many characteristics in real time. At the same time, one of the priority tasks is the task of selecting these characteristics or indicators. The subject of the article study is method for evaluating the informativeness of the indicators of the functioning of computer systems. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for selecting a system of indicators for identifying the state of the CS under the condition of fuzzy output data.  To automate the process of choosing the most influential indicators, it is necessary to involve additional information. Information is needed on the impact of individual indicators and effective mathematical decisions on false data cessation. This information can increase the reliability of the results of the identification of the state of the CS. This determines the relevance of the task of developing a methodology for selecting a system of indicators for identifying the state of the CS. Results. The analysis showed that the identification problem falls into two subtasks. The first is the choice of a set of monitored indicators of an object. The second is the solution for the identification task accordingly. The solution to the problem of choosing a subset of informative parameters from a set of parameters controlled by using the "distances" of Kulbak is considered. This technology requires the following assumption. The densities of system parameters that are monitored are known. They can be statistically evaluated for each state of the system. In real conditions of a small sample of output data, this hypothesis cannot be properly justified. In these circumstances, it is natural to use other possibilities to describe the uncertainty of the output data. At the same time, it is not desirable to use the mathematical apparatus of probability theory. Proceeding from this, the requirements for the informative criterion are formed. It is shown that these requirements are met by a mathematical apparatus of fuzzy mathematics. On the basis of this apparatus, an appropriate method is formed. Conclusions. The method of selection of the system of indicators for the identification of the state of the computer system is developed. This allowed us to expand the range of incoming processed metrics in the state identification system on the condition of fuzzy input data and improve the accuracy of identifying the state of the CS.
МОДЕЛІ НАДІЙНОСТІ УГРУПОВАНЬ ФЛОТІВ БПЛА З КОВЗНИМ РЕЗЕРВУВАННЯМ ДЛЯ МОНІТОРИНГУ ПОТЕНЦІЙНО НЕБЕЗПЕЧНИХ ОБ’ЄКТІВ
Authors: Фесенко Герман Вікторович , Харченко Вячеслав Сергійович
Published: July 2019

Over the past years, unmanned aerial vehicles have been used to solve the problems of pre-and post-accident monitoring of nuclear power plants and other potentially dangerous objects. The use of a fleet (fleet grouping) of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for monitoring missions is due to the special conditions of the aggressive environment, which causes the failures of certain UAVs, and therefore needs to ensure a high level of reliability of such a fleet (the group of fleets). The most effective way to solve this problem is to use k-out-of-n redundancy. The subject of the study is a UAV fleet group with k-out-of-n redundancy. In order to take into account the reliability of the control station for various variants of the organization of UAV fleet groups, it is advisable to formulate the following tasks: to analyze the different structures of UAV fleet groups taking into account the scheme of activation of redundant UAVs; to develop and investigate models of reliability of UAV fleet groups with a centralized, decentralized and partially decentralized schemes of activation of redundant UAVs with the possibility of control station redundancy; to formulate recommendations for choosing a scheme for activation of redundant UAVs. Research results: the structure of the UAV fleet group with two-level k-out-of-n redundancy (at fleet levels and their groups using the reserve fleet) and different variants of organization of control stations were proposed. The centralized, decentralized and partially decentralized structures of activation of the redundant UAVs for a fleet group with reserve (reserve fleets) are investigated, namely: the reliability block diagrams of these systems are constructed; analytical expressions for calculating the probability of failure-free operation of the UAV fleet group based on each of these schemes are obtained; the following dependencies are obtained and investigated: probability of failure-free operation of a  UAV fleet group with different probabilities of UAV failure-free operation from the number of the main fleets in case of use of reserve fleet with three UAVs; the probability of UAV fleet group failure-free operation with different schemes of activation of redundant UAVs from the number of main fleets in the case of using a reserve fleet with three UAVs. The development and research of reliability models have made it possible to formulate tasks regarding the choice of schemes for activation of redundant UAVs and the corresponding recommendations for the organization of groups. Further research is appropriate to focus on developing software to support decision-making on choosing the options for structures and taking into account possible schemes to get areas of responsibility by UAVs.
Penjadwalan Produksi untuk Meminimasi Makespan dengan Implementasi Algoritma Simulated Annealing
Authors: Sawaluddin  , Ginting Rosnani
Published: July 2019

PT. ABC adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang memproduksi gelas plastik berdasarkan pesanan pelanggan (job order). Perusahaan menerapkan penjadwalan produksi dalam urutan pekerjaan pada pesanan, di mana setiap pekerjaan pertama datang harus diselesaikan terlebih dahulu dari pekerjaan lain (yang memiliki batas waktu kerja yang sama). Ini berdampak pada keterlambatan pengiriman produk ke konsumen. Untuk menghindari keterlambatan pengiriman produk, perlu menjadwalkan produksi di perusahaan untuk meminimalkan waktu penyelesaian produk (makespan). Penelitian ini menggunakan Algoritma Simulated Annealing. Algoritma Simulated Annealing adalah jenis metode heuristik karena memiliki potensi besar untuk menyelesaikan masalah optimisasi, di mana parameter yang digunakan adalah suhu awal (Ti) 2000C, suhu faktor reduksi adalah 0,95, jumlah iterasi adalah 15 kali. Algoritma Simulated Annealing sama dengan 20149,89 menit. Dapat dilihat bahwa dengan menggunakan metode yang diusulkan, ada pengurangan makespan dari 4418,86 menit = 75,65 jam = 3,06 hari. Sehingga penjadwalan pekerjaan dapat dipenuhi tepat waktu dan tidak ada penundaan tanggal jatuh tempo yang ditetapkan 14 hari. Jadi dapat disimpulkan algoritma Annealing Simulasi lebih efektif daripada metode First Come First Served.

 

PT. ABC is a manufacturing company that produces plastic cups based on customer orders (job order). Companies apply production scheduling in the order of jobs on the order, where every first job comes must be completed first from another job (which has the same working time limit). This has an impact on the delay in delivering products to consumers. To avoid delays in product shipments, it is necessary to schedule production at the company in order to minimize the time of product completion (makespan). This research uses Simulated Annealing Algorithm. The Simulated Annealing algorithm is a type of heuristic method because it has great potential to solve the optimization problem, where the parameters used are the initial temperature (Ti) of 2000C, the reduction factor temperature (s) is 0.95, the number of iterations is 15 times. The Simulated Annealing Algorithm is equal to 20149,89 minutes. It can be seen that by using the proposed method, there is a reduction of makespan of 4418.86 minutes = 75.65 hours = 3.06 days. So that job scheduling can be fulfilled on time and no delay of due date set by 14 days. So it can be concluded Simulated Annealing algorithm is more effective than First Come First Served method.
Evaluasi Keberhasilan Aplikasi Qlue Menggunakan Model ITPOSMO
Authors: Ramanda Kresna , Fakriza Muhammad Hilman , Palasara Nico Dias
Published: July 2019

Kegagalan pada sebuah sistem informasi e-goverment sering terjadi dikarenakan sistem informasi e-goverment tersebut dibuat kurang memperhatikan beberapa keadaan yang terjadi pada saat sekarang ini. Dengan kata lain kegagalan tersebut dihasilkan karena ketidakmampuan mengimbangi kesenjangan antara realitas yang sekarang dihadapi dengan rancangan yang dibuat pada aplikasi e-goverment tersebut. Aplikasi Qlue merupakan sistem informasi yang dibuat oleh pemerintah provinsi DKI Jakarta untuk memfasilitasi masyarakat dalam melaporkan maupun memberikan informasi permasalahan yang terjadi disekitarnya. Laporan tersebut dapat di awasi dan dapat ditindaklanjuti langsung oleh dinas-dinas terkait yang berada di lingkungan pemerintah provinsi DKI Jakarta. Untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan aplikasi Qlue dalam sisi sistem informasi , dibutuhkan penelitian terkait aplikasi Qlue menggunakan model ITPOSMO. Beberapa penelitian terdaulu menghasilkan bahwa ITPOSMO merupakan model yang baik untuk menilai kesenjangan yang terdapat dalam pemanfaatan e-government. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara penyebaran kuisioner terhadap responden dilingkungan masyarakat provinsi DKI Jakarta. Hasil perhitungan kesenjangan terhadap design and actuality dengan menggunakan model ITPOSMO terhadap aplikasi Qlue pada dimensi Technology mendapatkan nilai gap score terkecil, yakni 5,34. Kemudian dimensi Objective and Value bernilai 5,43 , dimensi Information bernilai 5,57 , dimensi Process bernilai 5,87 , dimensi Staffing and Skills bernilai 5,91 dan yang mendapatkan nilai gap score terbesar adalah dimensi Management and Structure dengan nilai 7,39. Berdasarakan hasil analisa evaluasi keberhasilan aplikasi Qlue yang diterapakan pada wilayah provinsi DKI Jakarta,  dapat dinyatakan kemungkinan gagal. Menurut perhitungan overall rating didapatkan nilai 35,52. Hasil tersebut masuk dalam kategori 29 – 42. Mungkin gagal total, atau mungkin juga menjadi kegagalan parsial kecuali diambil tindakan untuk menutup kesenjanganyang terjadi antara desain dan realita.
50 godina europske pravosudne suradnje
u građanskim stvarima – 5 godina hrvatske primjene
Authors: Župan Mirela
Published: July 2019

Načelo uzajamnog povjerenja te njegove sveobuhvatne
implikacije na sustav slobodnog kretanja odluka izazov su i starim i novim
članicama Europske unije. Cilj je ovoga rada postaviti okvire europske
pravosudne suradnje u građanskim stvarima te ih staviti u kontekst hrvatskih okolnosti
i prakse. Rad se sastoji od triju većih cjelina s pripadajućim potpoglavljima. Prvi dio rada uvodi čitatelja u sustav koji datira od
1968., kada je prihvaćena Briselska konvencija o nadležnosti, priznanju i ovrsi
odluka u građanskim i trgovačkim stvarima. Nakon tri su desetljeća
Amsterdamskim ugovorom države članice povjerile nadležnost EU-u za donošenje
sekundarnog zakonodavstva u prekograničnim građanskim stvarima. To je otvorilo
prostor sveobuhvatnu razvoju međunarodnoga privatnog prava EU-a. Bogat korpus
uredaba obuhvaća područja međunarodno obilježenih građanskih i trgovačkih
stvari, razvoda braka, roditeljske odgovornosti, uzdržavanja, nasljeđivanja,
bračne stečevine i imovine registriranih partnera. Preuzimanjem vanjskih ovlasti
u tim pravnim stvarima EU nadopunjuje sustav međunarodnim sporazumima s trećim
državama. Tumačeći uredbe i sporazume, Sud EU-a u pet je desetljeća razvio
bogatu praksu. Svi ti izvori prava i praksa čine pravnu stečevinu koju se
Hrvatska obvezala primjenjivati. Drugi dio rada progovara o hrvatskome pravnom poretku
i pravilima koja su do ulaska u EU regulirala to područje, kao i o načinu na
koji su derogirana preuzimanjem pravne stečevine. Namjera je navesti i
postojeće implementacijske propise na pravnu stečevinu. Treći dio rada analizira stanje hrvatske pravne prakse
u primjeni pravne stečevine iz međunarodnoga privatnog prava u proteklome
petogodišnjem razdoblju. Analizom dostupne prakse hrvatskih sudova i javnih
bilježnika, kao i spoznajama proizišlima iz već provedenih istraživanja želi se
izdvojiti temeljne probleme u pravilnoj recepciji pravne stečevine. Budući da je
u ovom trenutku hrvatska znanstvena produkcija novijega datuma vrlo skromna,
ovaj rad osigurat će recentnu i aktualnu sliku europskih standarda i hrvatske
prakse, što može biti izvor inspiracije za nova ciljana znanstvena istraživanja
te edukacije u pravosuđu.
Sedimentation in Dune Forests, Mangrove Forests and CC Block System and Associated Topographic Changes
Authors: Hoque Ashabul , Kumar Dipankar , Paul Anip Kumar , Rahman Masudar , Paul Gour Chandra , Aoki Shin Ichi
Published: July 2019

This paper is concerned with the deposition of sediment due to dune forests (Nakatajima dune, Japan) and CC block system on a riverbank (Padma, Bangladesh). Measurements of sediment deposition were carried out at Nakatajima dune, Japan and at Padma riverbank, Rajshahi, Bangladesh using Global Positioning System (GPS). 2442 m3 sediment migrates each year to the East side of Nakatajima dune by wind and the edge of the dune develops about 6-7 m/year due to the existence of forests. Sedimentation rate is also greater in shallower mangrove areas. The trapped sediment height varies from 8.0 to 10.0 cm in the mangrove-lined bank. Mangrove forests help to trap 25% more sedimentation at low tide than at high tide. On the other hand, only for setting up the CC block and groynes along the bank, the sedimentation rate is observed almost twice than that of the previous year. An analysis shows that there is a similarity of sedimentation among dune, beach forests, mangrove forests and CC blocks.

Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 1, 67-78, 2019
APAKAH �TEORI BUMI DATAR� DAPAT DIPANDANG SEBAGAI REALITA?
Authors: Ardianto Didit , Firman Harry
Published: July 2019

Abstrak: Teori tentang bumi datar menjadi isu sains yang menjadi peredabatan di masyarakat sekarang ini. Teori ini menentang anggapan tentang Teori Bumi Bulat. Teori Bumi Bulat merupakan teori yang sudah lebih dahulu diyakini oleh beberapa ilmuwan seperti Aristoteles, Ptolemeus, Erasthotenes dan Columbus. Samuel Rowbotham seorang ilmuan asal Inggris menentang kebenaran bumi bulat. Berdasarkan penafsirannya mengenai ayat-ayat tertentu di Alkitab, Rowbotham mempublikasikan sebuah pamflet 16 halaman, yang kemudian ia kembangkan menjadi sebuah buku yang berjudul Earth Not a Globe. Rowbotham meyakini bahwa bumi merupakan sebuah cakram datar yang berpusat di Kutub utara dan dikelilingi oleh dinding es Antartika, sementara matahari dan bulan berjarak sekitar 4800 km (3000 mil) dan kosmos berjarak 5000 km (3100 mil) di atas bumi. Teori ini cukup berkembang di bawah organisasi flat earth society. Kaum flat earth mengkaim bahwa Teori Bumi Datar merupakan sebuah realita ontologi secara keilmuan sains. Beberapa klaim yang diyakini oleh kaum flat earth yaitu 1) bentuk bumi bukanah bulat melainkan datar, hal ini didasarkan hasil eksperimen Benford yang membantah adanya lengkungan bumi; 2) universal acceleration merupakan entitas yang lebih tepat digunakan untuk menjelaskan fenomena jatuhnya benda ke permukaan bumi; dan 3) matahari bukanlah pusat tat surya melainkan bumi. Namun klaim-klaim yang dipostulatkan oleh kaum flat earth tidak dapat dianggap sebagai no miracle argument. Penulis berpendapat bahwa hukum gravitasi universal yang tidak diyakini oleh kaum flat earth justru mampu menjelaskan perilaku obyek di alam semesta seperti penyebab jatuhnya benda dan pergerakan planet dalam tata surya.Kata kunci: Bumi Datar, Bumi Spheris, Realita, Ontologi
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEKERJA ATAS KEPAILITAN PT. MITRA SENTOSA PLASTIK INDUSTRI (Analisis kasus Putusan No. 09/Pdt.Sus-PLL/2016/PN. Niaga Smg)
Authors: Khalid Nakzim , Sood Muhammad , Munandar Aris
Published: July 2019

Perlindungan hukum pekerja dalam perusahaan pailit yang dibahas dalam kasus ini sering terjadi di Pengadilan Negeri Semarang dengan perkara No. 09/Pdt.Sus-PLL/2016/PN. PT. Mitra sentosa plasik industri merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang industri kemasan plastik berkualitas dimana pada tanggal 11 januari 2016 telah dinyatakan pailit dan dinyatakan tidak mampu membayar hutang-hutangnya maka Hakim Pengawas Perkara No. 12/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2015/PN.Niaga.Smg mengeluarkan penetapan insolvensi dan memerintahkan Kurator untuk segera melaksanakan pemberesan dalam rangka likuidasi terhadap PT. Mitra Sentosa Plastik Industri.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana kedudukan pekerja sebagai kreditur preferen terhadap perushaan pailit serta tanggung jawab hukum perusahaan terhadap pekerja, dengan menggnakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan tujuan ingin menelaah sinkronisasi suatu peraturan perundang-undangan yang terkait dengan hukum Kepailitan. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan antara lain adalah Pendekatan Perundang-Undangan (Statute Approach), Pendekatan Konsep (Conceptual Aproach) dan Pendekatan Kasus (Case Approach). Dalam hukum kepailitan menggolongkan macam-macam Kreditor menjadi 3 (tiga), yaitu: Kreditor konkuren, Kreditor Preferen dan Kreditor Separatis. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 67/PUU-XI/2013 telah memberikan kepastian hukum bagi kedudukan utang upah pekerja dalam kepailitan suatu perusahaan. Tanggung jawab PT. Mitra Sentosa Plastik Industri terhadap para pekerja/buruh dalam keadaan pailit perusahaan tersebut berkewajiban untuk melunasi utangnya baik sebelum atau sesudah dijatuhkannya putusan pailit
The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research Strategy to Advance Therapeutic Development of PINK1 and Parkin
Authors: Padmanabhan Shalini , Polinski Nicole K. , Menalled Liliana B. , Baptista Marco A.S. , Fiske Brian K.
Published: July 2019

The role of mitochondria in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been investigated since the 1980s and is gaining attention with recent advances in PD genetics research. Mutations in PRKN and PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase 1 (PINK1) are well-established causes of autosomal recessive early-onset PD. Genetic and biochemical studies have revealed that PINK1 and Parkin proteins function together in the same biological pathway to govern mitochondrial quality control. These proteins have also been implicated in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity and other mitochondrial functions. Additionally, structural studies on Parkin have delineated an activation mechanism and have identified druggable regions that are currently being explored by academic and industry groups. To de-risk therapeutic development for these genetic targets, The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research (MJFF) has deployed a strategic funding and enabling framework that brings together the research community to discuss important breakthroughs and challenges in research on PINK1-Parkin biology, supports collaborative initiatives to further our understanding within this field and develops high-quality research tools and assays that are widely available to all researchers. The Foundation’s efforts are leading to significant advances in understanding of the underlying biology of these genes, proteins and pathways and in the development of Parkinson’s therapies.
Synergic Interactions Between Hepatic Stellate Cells and Uveal Melanoma in Metastatic Growth
Authors: Piquet Léo , Dewit Louise , Schoonjans Nathan , Millet Martial , Bérubé Julie , Gerges Peter R. A. , Bordeleau François , Landreville Solange
Published: July 2019

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a malignant intraocular tumor that spreads to the liver in half of the cases. Since hepatic cells could play a role in the therapeutic resistance of metastatic UM, the purpose of our study was to investigate the pro-invasive role of hepatic stellate cells (HSteCs) in metastatic UM at the micro- and macro-metastatic stages. We first performed an immunostaining with the alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) to localize activated HSteCs in UM liver macro-metastases from four patients. Their accumulation of collagen was assessed with Masson’s Trichrome stain. Next, we inoculated metastatic UM cells alone or with human HSteCs in triple-immunodeficient mice, in order to determine if HSteCs are recruited as early as the micro-metastatic stage. The growth of metastatic foci was imaged in the liver by ex vivo fluorescence imaging. Histological analyses were performed with Masson’s Trichrome and Picrosirius Red stains, and antibodies against Melan-A and αSMA. The collagen content was measured in xenografts by quantitative polarization microscopy. In patient hepatectomy samples, activated HSteCs and their pathological matrix were localized surrounding the malignant lesions. In the mouse xenograft model, the number of hepatic metastases was increased when human HSteCs were co-inoculated. Histological analyses revealed a significant recruitment of HSteCs near the micro/macrolesions, and an increase in fibrillar collagen production. Our results show that HSteCs can provide a permissive microenvironment and might increase the therapeutic resistance of metastatic UM.
Immunotherapies for the Treatment of Uveal Melanoma—History and Future
Authors: Schank Timo E. , Hassel Jessica C.
Published: July 2019

Background: Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy among adults. It is, nevertheless, a rare disease, with an incidence of approximately one case per 100,000 individuals per year in Europe. Approximately half of tumors will eventually metastasize, and the liver is the organ usually affected. No standard-of-care treatment exists for metastasized uveal melanoma. Chemotherapies or liver-directed treatments do not usually result in long-term tumor control. Immunotherapies are currently the most promising therapy option available. Methods: We reviewed both relevant recent literature on PubMed concerning the treatment of uveal melanoma with immunotherapies, and currently investigated drugs on ClinicalTrials.gov. Our own experiences with immune checkpoint blockers are included in a case series of 20 patients. Results: Because few clinical trials have been conducted for metastasized uveal melanoma, no definitive treatment strategy exists for this rare disease. The outcomes of most immunotherapies are poor, especially compared with cutaneous melanoma. However, encouraging results have been found for some very recently investigated agents such as the bispecific tebentafusp, for which a remarkably increased one-year overall survival rate, and similarly increased disease control rate, were observed in early phase studies. Conclusions: The treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma remains challenging, and almost all patients still die from the disease. Long-term responses might be achievable by means of new immunological strategies. Patients should therefore be referred to large medical centers where they can take part in controlled clinical studies.
Dual Actions of Ketorolac in Metastatic Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Hudson Laurie G. , Cook Linda S. , Grimes Martha M. , Muller Carolyn Y. , Adams Sarah F. , Wandinger-Ness Angela
Published: July 2019

Cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy are cornerstones of ovarian cancer treatment, yet disease recurrence remains a significant clinical issue. Surgery can release cancer cells into the circulation, suppress anti-tumor immunity, and induce inflammatory responses that support the growth of residual disease. Intervention within the peri-operative window is an under-explored opportunity to mitigate these consequences of surgery and influence the course of metastatic disease to improve patient outcomes. One drug associated with improved survival in cancer patients is ketorolac. Ketorolac is a chiral molecule administered as a 1:1 racemic mixture of the S- and R-enantiomers. The S-enantiomer is considered the active component for its FDA indication in pain management with selective activity against cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. The R-enantiomer has a previously unrecognized activity as an inhibitor of Rac1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate) and Cdc42 (cell division control protein 42) GTPases. Therefore, ketorolac differs from other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) by functioning as two distinct pharmacologic entities due to the independent actions of each enantiomer. In this review, we summarize evidence supporting the benefits of ketorolac administration for ovarian cancer patients. We also discuss how simultaneous inhibition of these two distinct classes of targets, COX enzymes and Rac1/Cdc42, by S-ketorolac and R-ketorolac respectively, could each contribute to anti-cancer activity.
Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline TiO2 on Microsericite for High-Efficiency Photo-Energy Conversion of Methanol to Hydrogen
Authors: Huang Chao-Wei , Wu Min-Chien , Nguyen Van-Huy , Nguyen Ba-Son
Published: July 2019

TiO2 and TiO2/sericite photocatalysts were successfully synthesized via the sol-gel method by adding a varying amount of acetic acid. The effect of acetic acid on TiO2 and TiO2/sericite photocatalysts was studied. The crystallite size, surface morphology, chemical composition, specific surface area, surficial functional groups, and light absorbance of the prepared photocatalysts were revealed by the analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms by using BET theory (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Vis absorption spectrometry. Photo-energy conversion of methanol to hydrogen was also conducted over the prepared photocatalysts. The best hydrogen production was achieved by using the TiO2/sericite photocatalyst to give a hydrogen production rate of 1424 μmol/g·h in 6 h of UV-light irradiation.
Forest Decline Triggered by Phloem Parasitism-Related Biotic Factors in Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis)
Authors: Morcillo Luna , Gallego Diego , González Eudaldo , Vilagrosa Alberto
Published: July 2019

Climate models predict increasing mean temperatures and reduced precipitation for Mediterranean ecosystems already subjected to major hydrological fluctuations. Forest decline phenomena relate extreme droughts or heat waves with other organisms, e.g., insects or microorganisms acting as pests, but their role needs to be elucidated. A biotic factor responsible for forest diseases is Candidatus Phytoplasma pini which is a phloem-parasitism that negatively affects Spanish pine forests in drought-prone areas. In several healthy and declining Aleppo pine stands, we monitored pine infection by PCR (Polimerase Chain Reation), determined the tree phloem tissue terpene composition, carbohydrate content, measured several relevant morpho-physiological variables and examined trees affected by bark beetles. PCR confirmed C. P. pini infection was widespread in all stands, regardless of to the presence of symptomatically affected trees. However, visible symptomatic decline only occurred in trees living under more stressful conditions. The terpene composition of pines in declining stands differed from those in healthy ones, and could be related with bark beetle attacks when pines were previously weakened by the phytoplasma disease. Our results indicate that biotic factors, such as C. P. pini, affecting phloem tissue may be triggering factors for drought-mediated forest decline and suggest that phloem diseases can play a key role in forest declining processes during extreme drought.
Biochar Fertilization Significantly Increases Nutrient Levels in Plants and Soil but Has No Effect on Biomass of Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook Saplings During the First Growing Season
Authors: Ge Xiaogai , Yang Zhenya , Zhou Benzhi , Cao Yonghui , Xiao Wenfa , Wang Xiaoming , Li Mai-He
Published: July 2019

Previous studies have shown that biochar fertilization has profound effects on plant and fine root growth, but there is a lack of studies on how changes in plant and soil stoichiometry by biochar fertilization influence plant growth and root morphology. We investigated the effects of biochar fertilization on biomass, root morphology, plant nutrient concentrations, and the stoichiometry of plants and soil in a greenhouse experiment with Pinus massoniana (Lamb.) (PM) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. (CL) throughout the 2017 growing season immediately following biochar fertilization application. Four levels of biochar treatment were used, i.e., addition rates of 0 (control), 5 (low biochar), 10 (medium biochar), and 20 t ha−1 (high biochar). Biochar fertilization had no effect on biomass, fine root length, or fine root surface area. Biochar treatment, however, had significant effects on nutrient levels and their stoichiometry in both plants and soil. Detrended correspondence analysis suggested that increases in soil C:N, soil C:P, and soil N:P were associated with increases in plant nutrient levels, especially P concentration. Our results indicate that biochar fertilization prioritizes enhancing plant and soil nutrients over increasing height and diameter in the first growing season. A higher biochar fertilization dosage has a major influence on root morphology for PM and on P concentrations in the plant and soil for CL, probably through different growth characteristics and nutrient resorption rates. Further studies, particularly those considering long-term effects, are necessary before general recommendations regarding biochar application should be given.
Leveraging the Expertise of the New Jersey Mosquito Control Community to Jump Start Standardized Tick Surveillance
Authors: Egizi Andrea M. , Occi James L. , Price Dana C. , Fonseca Dina M.
Published: July 2019

Despite the rising incidence of tick-borne diseases (TBD) in the northeastern United States (US), information and expertise needed to assess risk, inform the public and respond proactively is highly variable across states. Standardized and well-designed tick surveillance by trained personnel can facilitate the development of useful risk maps and help target resources, but requires nontrivial start-up costs. To address this challenge, we tested whether existing personnel in New Jersey’s 21 county mosquito control agencies could be trained and interested to participate in a one-day collection of American dog ticks (Dermacentor variabilis), a presumably widespread species never before surveyed in this state. A workshop was held offering training in basic tick biology, identification, and standard operating procedures (SOPs) for surveillance, followed by a one-day simultaneous collection of D. variabilis across the state (the “NJ Tick Blitz”). In total, 498 D. variabilis were collected from 21 counties and follow-up participant surveys demonstrated an increase in knowledge and interest in ticks: 41.7% of respondents reported collecting ticks outside the Tick Blitz. We hope that the success of this initiative may provide a template for researchers and officials in other states with tick-borne disease concerns to obtain baseline tick surveillance data by training and partnering with existing personnel.
The Roles of Hypoxia Imaging Using 18F-Fluoromisonidazole Positron Emission Tomography in Glioma Treatment
Authors: Hirata Kenji , Yamaguchi Shigeru , Shiga Tohru , Kuge Yuji , Tamaki Nagara
Published: July 2019

Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor. Hypoxia is closely related to the malignancy of gliomas, and positron emission tomography (PET) can noninvasively visualize the degree and the expansion of hypoxia. Currently, 18F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) is the most common radiotracer for hypoxia imaging. The clinical usefulness of FMISO PET has been established; it can distinguish glioblastomas from lower-grade gliomas and can predict the microenvironment of a tumor, including necrosis, vascularization, and permeability. FMISO PET provides prognostic information, including survival and treatment response information. Because hypoxia decreases a tumor’s sensitivity to radiation therapy, dose escalation to an FMISO-positive volume is an attractive strategy. Although this idea is not new, an insufficient amount of evidence has been obtained regarding this concept. New tracers for hypoxia imaging such as 18F-DiFA are being tested. In the future, hypoxia imaging will play an important role in glioma management.
Probabilistic Modeling of Slip System-Based Shear Stresses and Fatigue Behavior of Coarse-Grained Ni-Base Superalloy Considering Local Grain Anisotropy and Grain Orientation
Authors: Engel Benedikt , Mäde Lucas , Lion Philipp , Moch Nadine , Gottschalk Hanno , Beck Tilmann
Published: July 2019

New probabilistic lifetime approaches for coarse grained Ni-base superalloys supplement current deterministic gas turbine component design philosophies; in order to reduce safety factors and push design limits. The models are based on statistical distributions of parameters, which determine the fatigue behavior under high temperature conditions. In the following paper, Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF) test data of several material batches of polycrystalline Ni-base superalloy René80 with different grain sizes and orientation distribution (random and textured) is presented and evaluated. The textured batch, i.e., with preferential grain orientation, showed higher LCF life. Three approaches to probabilistic crack initiation life modeling are presented. One is based on Weibull distributed crack initiation life while the other two approaches are based on probabilistic Schmid factors. In order to create a realistic Schmid factor distribution, polycrystalline finite element models of the specimens were generated using Voronoi tessellations and the local mechanical behavior investigated in dependence of different grain sizes and statistically distributed grain orientations. All models were first calibrated with test data of the material with random grain orientation and then used to predict the LCF life of the material with preferential grain orientation. By considering the local multiaxiality and resulting inhomogeneous shear stress distributions, as well as grain interaction through polycrystalline Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulation, the best consistencies between predicted and observed crack initiation lives could be achieved.
Strain-Induced Ferrite Formation During Steckel Mill Simulations with Varying Roughing Pass Schedules
Authors: Palhano Henry B. , Aranas Clodualdo , Rodrigues Samuel F. , Silva Eden S. , Reis Gedeon S. , Miranda Edson Jansen P. , Siciliano Fulvio , Jonas John J.
Published: July 2019

It has been previously demonstrated that austenite may undergo partial dynamic transformation (DT) during the plate rolling process. Austenite dynamically transforms into unstable ferrite during hot deformation even at very high temperatures. In this work, the plate rolling simulations, with emphasis on Steckel mill operations, through torsion testing under isothermal conditions were performed on an X70 steel. Four different roughing schedules were tested followed by five finishing passes with pass strains of 0.3 applied at 900 °C. The roughing schedules had zero, one, two and three roughing passes at a temperature of 1100 °C, strain of 0.4 and strain rate of 1 s−1. The stress–strain curves as well as the mean flow stress (MFS) behaviors indicated that both dynamic transformation (DT) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) occurred during straining. The critical strains for the onset of DT and DRX were determined by means of the double differentiation method and the critical strain values decreased with the number of roughing and finishing strains from the first going to the last pass. It was observed that the volume fraction of the dynamically formed ferrite increased sharply during the finishing stage as the number of previous roughing passes increased, which can be attributed to higher strain accumulation. The results presented here indicate that improved models are needed to control the microstructure of the material during subsequent cooling.
The Influence of Carbon Coatings on the Functional Properties of X39Cr13 and 316LVM Steels Intended for Biomedical Applications
Authors: López Roberto , Menéndez Marta , Fernández Camino , Chmiela A. , Bernardo-Sánchez Antonio
Published: July 2019

Carbon coatings are used in many different industrial areas, for example in cutting, electronics, or medical applications. On the one hand, carbon coatings have improved the functional properties of medical products because of their high biotolerance, which makes them an important material for implant coatings. On the other hand, high rigidity and abrasion resistance are properties needed in case of surgical tools. Thus, the aim of this research was to study the influence of mechanical abrasion by tumbling and chemical passivation on carbon coatings deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering (RMS) and radio frequency plasma activated chemical vapor deposition (RF PACVD) of X39Cr13 (mainly used for surgical tools) and 316LVM (mainly used for implants). Functional properties, such as roughness, coatings adhesion (scratch test), and wettability were investigated. As a result, DLC coatings applied by magnetron sputtering were found to be the optimum surface treatment in terms of adhesion and wettability properties, being more appropriate for the use of X39Cr13 base than 316LVM for carbon layer deposition.
Full-Color InGaN/AlGaN Nanowire Micro Light-Emitting Diodes Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy: A Promising Candidate for Next Generation Micro Displays
Authors: Bui Ha Quoc Thang , Velpula Ravi Teja , Jain Barsha , Aref Omar Hamed , Nguyen Hoang-Duy , Lenka Trupti Ranjan , Nguyen Hieu Pham Trung
Published: July 2019

We have demonstrated full-color and white-color micro light-emitting diodes (μLEDs) using InGaN/AlGaN core-shell nanowire heterostructures, grown on silicon substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. InGaN/AlGaN core-shell nanowire μLED arrays were fabricated with their wavelengths tunable from blue to red by controlling the indium composition in the device active regions. Moreover, our fabricated phosphor-free white-color μLEDs demonstrate strong and highly stable white-light emission with high color rendering index of ~ 94. The μLEDs are in circular shapes with the diameter varying from 30 to 100 μm. Such high-performance μLEDs are perfectly suitable for the next generation of high-resolution micro-display applications.
Enantioselective Protonation of Radical Anion Intermediates in Photoallylation and Photoreduction Reactions of 3,3-Diaryl-1,1-dicyano-2-methylprop-1-ene with Allyltrimethylsilane
Authors: Maeda Hajime , Iida Masayuki , Ogawa Daisuke , Mizuno Kazuhiko
Published: July 2019

Photoreactions of acetonitrile solutions of 3,3-diaryl-1,1-dicyano-2-methylprop-1-enes (1a–c) with allyltrimethylsilane (2) in the presence of phenanthrene as a photoredox catalyst and acetic acid as a proton source formed photoallylation (3) and photoreduction (4) products via photoinduced electron transfer pathways. When (S)-mandelic acid was used as the proton source, the reactions proceeded with 3.4 and 4.8 %ee for formation of 3 and 4, respectively. The results of studies of the effect of aryl ring substituents and several chiral carboxylic acids suggested that the enantioselectivities of the reactions are governed by steric controlled proton transfer in intermediate complexes formed by π-π and OH-π interactions of anion radicals derived from 1a–c and chiral carboxylic acids.
Recognition Selectivities of Lasso-Type Pseudo[1]rotaxane Based on a Mono-Ester-Functionalized Pillar[5]arene
Authors: Zhang Wen-Xue , Liu Lu-Zhi , Duan Wen-Gui , Zhou Qing-Qing , Ma Cui-Guang , Huang Yan
Published: July 2019

Two types of mono-ester-functionalized pillar[5]arenes, P1 and P2, bearing different side-chain groups, were synthesized. Their host–guest complexation and self-inclusion properties were studied by 1H NMR and 2D nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) NMR measurements. The results showed that the substituents on their phenolic units have a great influence on the self-assembly of both pillar[5]arenes, although they both could form stable pseudo[1]rotaxanes at room temperature. When eight bulky 4-brombutyloxy groups were capped on the cavity, instead of methoxy groups, pseudo[1]rotaxane P1 became less stable and its locked ester group in the inner space of cavity was not as deep as P2, leading to distinctly different host–guest properties between P1 and P2 with 1,6-dibromohexane. Moreover, pillar[5]arene P1 displayed effective molecular recognition toward 1,6-dichlorohexane and 1,2-bromoethane among the guest dihalides. In addition, the self-complex models and stabilities between P1 and P2 were also studied by computational modeling and experimental calculations.
Formation of Zearalenone Metabolites in Tempeh Fermentation
Authors: Borzekowski Antje , Anggriawan Riyan , Auliyati Maryeni , Kunte Hans-Jörg , Koch Matthias , Rohn Sascha , Karlovsky Petr , Maul Ronald
Published: July 2019

Tempeh is a common food in Indonesia, produced by fungal fermentation of soybeans using Rhizopus sp., as well as Aspergillus oryzae, for inoculation. Analogously, for economic reasons, mixtures of maize and soybeans are used for the production of so-called tempeh-like products. For maize, a contamination with the mycoestrogen zearalenone (ZEN) has been frequently reported. ZEN is a mycotoxin which is known to be metabolized by Rhizopus and Aspergillus species. Consequently, this study focused on the ZEN transformation during tempeh fermentation. Five fungal strains of the genera Rhizopus and Aspergillus, isolated from fresh Indonesian tempeh and authentic Indonesian inocula, were utilized for tempeh manufacturing from a maize/soybean mixture (30:70) at laboratory-scale. Furthermore, comparable tempeh-like products obtained from Indonesian markets were analyzed. Results from the HPLC-MS/MS analyses show that ZEN is intensely transformed into its metabolites α-zearalenol (α-ZEL), ZEN-14-sulfate, α-ZEL-sulfate, ZEN-14-glucoside, and ZEN-16-glucoside in tempeh production. α-ZEL, being significantly more toxic than ZEN, was the main metabolite in most of the Rhizopus incubations, while in Aspergillus oryzae fermentations ZEN-14-sulfate was predominantly formed. Additionally, two of the 14 authentic samples were contaminated with ZEN, α-ZEL and ZEN-14-sulfate, and in two further samples, ZEN and α-ZEL, were determined. Consequently, tempeh fermentation of ZEN-contaminated maize/soybean mixture may lead to toxification of the food item by formation of the reductive ZEN metabolite, α-ZEL, under model as well as authentic conditions.
Correction: Schavkan, A., et al. Number Concentration of Gold Nanoparticles in Suspension: SAXS and spICPMS as Traceable Methods Compared to Laboratory Methods. Nanomaterials 2019, 9, 502
Authors: Schavkan Alexander , Gollwitzer Christian , Garcia-Diez Raul , Krumrey Michael , Minelli Caterina , Bartczak Dorota , Cuello-Nuñez Susana , Goenaga-Infante Heidi , Rissler Jenny , Sjöström Eva , Baur Guillaume B. , Vasilatou Konstantina , Shard Alexander G.
Published: July 2019

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]
The Healthfulness of the US Packaged Food and Beverage Supply: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Baldridge Abigail S. , Huffman Mark D. , Taylor Fraser , Xavier Dagan , Bright Brooke , Van Horn Linda V. , Neal Bruce , Dunford Elizabeth
Published: July 2019

The US food supply is dominated by highly-processed packaged food and beverage products that are high in energy, saturated fat, sugar, and salt. We report results of a cross-sectional assessment of the 2018 US packaged food and beverage supply by nutritional composition and indicators of healthfulness and level of processing. Data were obtained through Label Insight’s Open Data database, which represents >80% of all food and beverage products sold in the US over the past three years. Healthfulness and the level of processing, measured by the Health Star Rating (HSR) system and the NOVA classification framework, respectively, were compared across product categories and leading manufacturers. Among 230,156 food and beverage products, the mean HSR was 2.7 (standard deviation (SD) 1.4) from a possible maximum rating of 5.0, and 71% of products were classified as ultra-processed. Healthfulness and level of processing varied substantially by category (range: HSR 1.1–3.9; 0–100% ultra-processed) and manufacturer (range: HSR 0.9–4.6; 26–100% ultra-processed). The US packaged food and beverage supply is large, heterogeneous, highly processed, and generally unhealthy. The wide variability in healthfulness and level of processing demonstrates that opportunities exist, through reformulation or replacement, for large-scale improvements to the healthfulness of the US packaged food and beverage supply.