bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of marketing strategies to attract investments by diversified enterprises of Ukraine
Authors: LEPEYKO Tetyana
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Characteristics of the current state of the Ukrainian economy, create conditions under which there is uncertainty in obtaining the expected end result from the invested funds. Persuading investors to invest in the capital of modern diversified enterprises requires the ability to build and maintain relationships.
The purpose of the work is to investigate and substantiate the effectiveness of the marketing aspects of a diversified enterprise in relation to their investment activities in the field of more effective financing in various stock markets, banking sector, direct investment, reinvestment of own funds.
Results. To date, economic activity has been carried out by diversified enterprises solely on the basis of general trends in identifying positive growth rates of financial performance of the enterprise. Thanks to the implementation of mar-keting strategies it is possible to move to another level of efficiency of fundraising. There is also the problem of operational decisions at the level of the most diversified enterprise. A more pragmatic reason for studying the diversification of modern enterprises is that corporate managers decide to diversify and reorient their firms. In addition, executives are faced with investment decisions in several of the businesses they operate. Empirical evidence of how such decisions have worked in the past can be useful in strategic planning of investment marketing activities. Assessing specific costs and benefits can also be useful to investors and regulators. This study found that these strategies are endowed with sufficient strength to find new opportunities among investors, which are aimed at long-term investment.
Conclusions. In the course of the study of the performance of diversified enterprises, the marketing tools which help to attract investors were analyzed. First of all, the strategies of long-term investors were analyzed. The relationship between the effectiveness of marketing in terms of the activity of attracting consumers of goods and services of the enterprise and the interest of investors in them was also established. It is established that there is a discount on the business value of diversified enterprises among the investment environment. Businesses that have chosen to diversify or be acquired by diversifiers are essentially different from single-segment businesses. In terms of balance, industry case studies and econometric analysis of enterprise growth allow domestic capital markets to be efficient in reallocating resources.
Keywords: diversification, investment marketing, enterprises, financial indicators.
Methodical approaches to assessing the use of trading strategies in the commodity exchange market
Authors: Podsokha Anna
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Exchange trading is a fairly widespread type of market process. The emergence and development of exchanges are due to changes in the formation of economic processes between participants in market relations. Complications of trade and economic relations have contributed to the formation of various types of exchanges.
The purpose of the research is to develop methodological approaches to assessing the implementation of trading strategies in the commodity exchange market.
Results. The essence and structure of a trading strategy are determined. The main advantages and disadvantages of using a trading strategy on the stock market are substantiated. The dependence of trading strategies on the accuracy of quan-titative information is proved on the basis of which they are formed. The main types of technical and fundamental trading strategies are described. Trading strategies based on four levels of management (support strategy, reduction strategy, growth strategy) are considered. The essence of business strategy is defined. Trade strategies are described in the context of the pro-posed classification by areas of the agribusiness entity activity. Exchange trade is defined as a component of relations trans-parency in the market of goods and services of the agrarian exchange market. The financial instruments of the stock market are characterized. Peculiarities of derivatives use in the international practice are given. The role of price is substantiated as the main factor influencing the production of goods and products. The analogy of price formation on the stock and free mar-kets is made. The method of determining the factors influencing the movement of the value of agricultural products is sub-stantiated. The necessity of accurate consideration of the main factors influence in the process of the trading strategy for-mation is proved. The importance of understanding the trade goals for the development and implementation of the strategy is emphasized.
Conclusions. The important role of trading strategies in the process of exchange trading is substantiated. The es-sence and features of trade strategies formation are defined. It is established that the use of an effective trading strategy helps to increase the validity level of decisions for traders and investors.
Key words: trading strategy, methodical approach, stock market, investor, trader, agricultural products, cost.
Organizational principles of subsystems formation of monitoring and control in the management system of agri-cultural enterprises
Authors: Havrylko Iryna
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Existing economic conditions require companies to use tools to identify reserves of efficiency in the management system. The development of agricultural business entities is largely influenced by the information factor. The analysis of information resources should be aimed at taking into account past events and forecasting prospects.
The purpose of the research is to develop the organizational basis for the subsystems formation of monitoring and control in the management system of agricultural businesses.
Results. The importance of monitoring as a research method in the activity of an agricultural enterprise is substanti-ated. The role of monitoring in the management system of agribusiness entities is defined. The necessity of using a systemat-ic approach to ensure the effectiveness of monitoring the enterprise activities is proved. The system of process-structured management is characterized. The essence of the stages of the management system formation in the context of management functions is revealed. The need to avoid the duplication problem of information collection and analysis functions in the agri-cultural enterprise activities is emphasized. A formal approach to strategic planning has been established. The requirements to be met by information in the market environment are outlined. The expediency of using the system of balanced indicators is substantiated for the formation of the information base of control. The main task of the adaptive control system is deter-mined. The introduction of a forecasting model in the process of strategic planning is proposed. The phases of strategic planning are characterized. The economic effect of using the forecasting model is determined. It is proved that the implemen-tation of the development strategy is possible due to changes in all subsystems of the agricultural enterprise.
Conclusions. Approaches to the introduction of elements in the management system of an agricultural enterprise are considered and it is established that the most appropriate is the instrumental concept. The integration of monitoring and control tools means the development and implementation of a certain organizational mechanism. This mechanism will pro-mote the effective use of the potential of the agricultural enterprise. Management decisions in the management system of an agricultural enterprise will be based on relevant information.
Key words: monitoring, control, agricultural enterprise, organizational principles, management, strategic planning.
Ways to improve the efficiency of current assets in agriculture
Authors: Nahaieva Halyna
Published: December 2022

Introduction. The overall economic efficiency of the enterprise depends on the efficiency of current assets. The nega-tive impact of the financial crisis is forcing agricultural enterprises to constantly improve the process of current assets man-agement.
The purpose of the research is to develop ways to improve the efficiency of current assets in the activities of agricul-tural enterprises.
Results. The main tasks for ensuring the efficient use of current assets in the activities of agricultural enterprises are identified. The change consequences in the turnover rate of current assets have been established. The directions of efficiency increase of formation and use of current assets are resulted. Methods of accelerating current assets by stages of their cycle are described. Actions aimed at increasing the efficiency level in the use of current assets are identified. The measures influenc-ing the increase of current assets profitability are given. Factors influencing the effective use of current assets of agricultural enterprises are characterized and systematized. Emphasis is placed on the need to identify deviations by type of current assets and develop measures to optimize them. Reserves for accelerating the turnover of current assets are determined, taking into account the stage of their cycle in terms of the object of influence and the result obtained. The existence of a deficit of current assets in the enterprise activity of agricultural branch is proved. Emphasis is placed on the need to implement a financial policy in agriculture aimed at the optimal formation and use of current assets. The mechanism role of effective use of current assets in maintaining the level of financial stability and solvency of agricultural enterprises is substantiated.
Conclusions. The use of current assets depends on the influence of a significant number of factors. One of the key fac-tors is the work of the accounting department at the enterprise. Proper organization of the formation and use of current assets in the activity process depends on information support.
Key words: agricultural enterprise, current assets, mechanism of effective use of current assets, financial stability, ef-ficiency.
Theoretical basis of formation of an integrated management system in agricultural enterprises
Authors: REZNIK Nadiia , Syza Natalia
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Today, one of the main goals of any country's economic policy is to improve the technical level and quality of products comprehensively. Globalization and overall competition have brought to life a new consumer-oriented business management model. Determinants are the principles and methods of quality management systems that allow coun-tries to compete with each other in many industries.
The purpose of the research is to analyze practical recommendations for improving practical experience and meth-odological recommendations for building an integrated management system, by creating a formalized model of such a sys-tem for agro-industrial enterprises.
Results. The authors of the article proved that the most effective way to improve enterprise management today is to implement integrated management systems created in accordance with the requirements of international ISO standards. It is researched that the characteristic feature of the majority of organizations all over the world is their desire to implement at the enterprise at once or in turn several management systems, which in the future function as local systems and are responsible for meeting the needs and requests of different stakeholders. The integrated management system is considered based on the application of system and process approaches to enterprise management, which allow to unite different processes and activi-ties in a single whole.
Conclusions. It is proved that the purpose of creating an integrated management system is joint optimal risk man-agement, which allows to reduce the material and organizational resources needed for the enterprise. Integrated management systems are built on the basis of the application of system and process approaches to enterprise management, which allow to unite different processes and activities. The presented criteria and the degree of their functioning clearly show the effective-ness and efficiency of ISM in agro-industrial enterprises.
Key words: quality, quality management, management system, integrated management system, management system, enterprise of agrarian sector.
The direction of innovation and investment activity of agribusiness entities as the main sphere of their economic potential mobilization
Authors: VITKOVSKYI Yurii
Published: December 2022

Introduction. Ensuring investment attractiveness and the formation of effective strategies for competitive develop-ment of agricultural businesses is carried out by achieving unity between production capacity and management capabilities. Investment potential of agricultural enterprises is formed on the basis of financial results and borrowed funds. In the context of this issue, management tools play an important role in improving the production component of innovation potential.
The purpose of scientific research is to develop areas of innovation and investment activities of agricultural busi-nesses to mobilize their economic potential.
Results. The essence of innovative development from the standpoint of the process approach is determined. The ex-pediency of determining the process of innovative development in the context of the activities of a particular business entity is substantiated. The essence of innovation development management is described. The role of the information system in ensuring the innovative development of the enterprise is determined. The characteristics of the levels of innovative develop-ment management are given. The peculiarities of the system of innovation development management are outlined. It is estab-lished that self-investment is the main source of financial support for innovative activities of agricultural enterprises. The role of innovation, scientific and technological activities of agribusiness entities in the process of their transformation and integration at the national level is substantiated. It is determined that mostly innovative activity of domestic enterprises is realized through the expansion of product range policy. The expediency of diversification of the main activity of agrarian formations is substantiated in the process of innovative development. The essence of innovative activity of agrarian enter-prises is characterized. The necessity and preconditions of diversification strategies formation are outlined. The expediency of using innovations in technical re-equipment of agricultural enterprises during the economic crisis is substantiated.
Conclusions. The use of diversification strategies in the innovative activity of agricultural enterprises will contrib-ute to ensuring their strategic development, maintaining the appropriate level of competitiveness. The need to adapt to the changing economic environment encourages companies to find the most profitable areas of use of their production potential.
Key words: economic potential, subject of agrarian business, investment activity, innovation activity, competitive-ness, strategic management, diversification of activity.
Covid Impact on Teaching and Learning Process in Different Countries and Lessons Learnt from the Covid-19
Authors: - Bakhtawar Durrani , - Mohammed Shafiuddin
Published: December 2022

This paper deals with the impact of COVID-19 on teaching and learning process in different counties. Most of the information is collected from different reports like world bank, individual country report and they are analyzed with the educational situations. Especially the challenges and recognition of the studies are focused on this paper.
Smart Solar PV Monitoring using Cloud Computing
Authors: - Sreelatha Aihloor Subramanyam
Published: December 2022

Renewable energy sources are proven to be reliable and accepted as the best alternative for fulfilling our increasing energy needs. As technology is advancing, cost of renewable energy equipments is decreasing which has resulted in a massive increase in solar photovoltaic installations. Most of these installations act as auxiliary power source. A majority of these are installed in inaccessible locations – as close as a rooftop to as far away as a dessert. Hence, they require sophisticated systems for remote monitoring of these installations using wide area networks. The system described in this paper is capable of measuring the values of Solar PV voltage and current and temperature and sending them over on mobile networks to the internet for data logging and review by the user. In case of a deviation from normal specified values of current, voltage or temperature, the system is also capable of alerting the user via an IOT. The idea is to connect all sensors and devices on a common network i.e. internet through wired or wireless means so that the user can access the data and control the devices from anywhere around the globe with an internet connection. Along with this, the aim is to automate the process using pre-defined logic to reduce human intervention as much as possible. It has gained a lot of attention in recent years due to its diversified usage in the fields of consumer electronics, home automation, health care, smart car, smart city and security purposes. The Solar PV voltage is sensed by voltage divider circuit. Current is sensed using Hall Effect Current Sensor ACS712. The temperature and humidity is sensed using DHT11 temperature an sensor. A dedicated computer system is set up to store the data obtained for future reference and review. This data now can be viewed anywhere on the globe using an internet connection on an IP by an IoT module. As the conventional sources of electricity generation are depleting, mankind is in need of renewable sources such as solar and wind energy to sustain itself. Hence all we need is a good, up-to-date monitoring system which can perform major tasks automatically without human intervention and can provide data to the user whenever and wherever needed. IOT is the best solution for monitoring of solar installations. IOT based remote monitoring of the Solar PV installation will also save energy and man-labour.
Transdermal Drug Delivery System
Authors: - Nikita Yedake , - Indrakumar Sonawane
Published: December 2022

(TDDS), additionally called ‘ Transdermal patches,’ square measures dose form design to deliver a The human skin is readily accessible surface for drug delivery. Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems therapeutically effective quantity of drug across a patients skin. In order to deliver therapeutics agents through the human skin for systemic effect, the comprehensive morphological , biophysical and physicochemical properties of the skin are to be considered. Transdermal delivery provides a leading edge over injectables and oral routes by increasing patients compliance and avoiding first pass metabolism respectively. Transdermal delivery not only provides controlled, constant administration of the drug, but also allows continuous input of drugs with short biological half-lives and eliminates pulse entry into systemic circulation, which often causes undesirable side effects. Over the past decades, developing controlled drug delivery has become increasingly important in the pharmaceutical industry. The human skin surface is known to contain, on an average,10-70 hair follicles and 200-250 sweat duct on every square centimeters of the skin area. Skin penetration enhancement techniques have been developed to improve bioavailability and increase the range of drugs for which topical and transdermal delivery is viable option. The present review article explores the overall study on transdermal drug delivery (TDDS) which leads to novel drug delivery system(NDDS).
Estimate the Economic Value of the Ecosystem Services: The Case of Forest Landscape Conservation in Malaysia
Authors: - Mohd Rusli Yacob , - Mohd Parid Mamat , - Mukrimah Abdullah , - Regina Mariah Jong , - Huda Farhana Muhamad Muslim , - Faten Naseha Tuan Hussain
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to estimate the economic value of environmental services and to establish the Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) scheme for the local communities in Janda Baik as financial incentives to be involved in environmental conservation. The contingent evaluation method (CVM) that involved double-bounded dichotomous choice was used in this study
The Impact of Remittances on Economic Growth of South Asian Countries: An Overview of Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka
Authors: - Prapti Saha , - Asma Aktarun Nahar , - Md. Nazmul Hossain
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates the effect of employees’ remittances on the monetary increase of four South Asian rising locations via way of means of using balanced panel information from 1977 to 2020. Pooled OLS, constant results, random consequences and dummy variable interplay fashions are used to estimate the effect of remittances. The empirical regression evaluation confirms a bad impact of remittances on financial boom in Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Conversely, remittances have an advantageous effect on monetary boom in India. This research additionally shows a joint considerable and negative relationship between remittances and financial growth in these four nations.
बस्तर के आदिवासी संघर्ष का यथार्थ संदर्भः राजीव रंजन प्रसाद कृत उपन्यास ‘आमचो बस्तर’
Authors: - डॉ. रमेश कुमार
Published: December 2022

वर्तमान युग की संचार क्रांति ने पूरे विश्व को एक गांव के रूप में बदल दिया है। हर रोज नए-नए परिवर्तन हो रहे हैं जिनका जीवन पर गहरा प्रभाव पड़ रहा है। जीवन शैली दृष्टिकोण, चिंतन, संस्कृति में तेजी से बदलाव आया है। अप्रत्यक्ष रूप से यह नवीन जागृति का दौर है, व्यक्तिवादिता का दौर है। तेजी से बदलते समय में कुछ मानव समूह ऐसे है जो इन परिवर्तनों से दूर पहाड़ों, जंगलों में प्राचीन ढंग समय भी से रह रहे हैं। परिवर्तनों की, विकास की बयार उन तक वहीं पहुँच सकी है। यदि पहुँची है तो विनाश की नींव बनाकर यह समूह है आदिवासी जन का।
Math Phobia among School Students: A Comparative Design
Authors: - S. Manikandan , - Vijayasree V. Nair , - Ajith K.K.
Published: December 2022

Background: A Comparative study was conducted to assess the level of Math Phobia (Mathematical Anxiety) among high School students in selected Government and Private Schools, Kollam, Kerala. A total sample of 60, High school students were selected using convenience sampling technique. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of Math Phobia/Mathematical Anxiety among Government and Private High School students and to compare the level of Math Phobia/Mathematical Anxiety among Government and Private High School students. The final objective was to find out the association between level of Math Phobia/Mathematical Anxiety and selected Socio-demographic variables.

Materials and Methods: A Descriptive Comparative design was used to conduct the study. A sample comprising of 60 High School students (30 Government and 30 Private) from 10th Standard were enrolled using non-probability convenience sampling technique. The conceptual framework of the study was based on Modified Health Belief Model by Becker and Rosenstock (1974). Tools used for data collection were Demographic Performa and Modified Abbreviated Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale.

Results: Data analysis was done using Descriptive and Inferential statistics. Findings of the study revealed that the mean Mathematical anxiety among Government High School students was 33.83±9.80 and the mean Mathematical anxiety among Private High School students were 45.87±17. The comparison of the mean Mathematical Anxiety scores among the Government and Private High School students were done using the ‘Student t-test’. The computed ‘t-value’ at 3.27** (df = 58) was statistically significant at p < 0.01. No significant association was observed between the level of Math Phobia and selected Socio-demographic variables among both Government and Private School students (P > 0.05).

Conclusion: The findings of the study confirmed that the level of Math Phobia/Mathematical Anxiety among the Private High School students were significantly higher than the Government High school students.
Effect of preceding rice herbicide residue towards control of weeds and urdbean productivity in rice -Bhendi-urdbean sequence under high rainfall area
Authors: Bommayasamy N , Chinnamuthu C R
Published: December 2022

Field experiment was conducted at Field Crops Research unit, ICAR- Central Island Research Institute, Bloomsdale, Port Blair during summer season, 2018. To study the preceding rice herbicide residual effect in control of weeds, growth and yield of urdbean in rice-bhendi-urdbean sequence under high rainfall area. At 20 DAS, grassy weeds (48.00 weeds/m2) were predominant species of weeds followed by sedges and broad leaf weeds of 29.67 and 22.67 nos./m2 respectively.  Among the irrespective of weed control treatments, at 20 DAS, residual effect of 1.25 kg/ha butachlor at 3 DAP + manual weeding at 40 DAP in rice + two manual weeding on 20 and 40 DAS in both bhendi and urdbean recorded significantly lower grass, sedges, broad leaf weeds population and weed biomass of 11.67, 8.67, 6.67 weeds/m2 and 2.93, 2.02, 1.84 g/m2 respectively.  Residual effect of 1.25 kg/ha butachlor applied at 3 DAP along with manual weeding at 40 DAP in rice + two manual weeding on 20 and 40 DAS in both bhendi and urdbean obtained 299 kg/ha higher seed yield  as compared to weedy control.
Compatibility studies of Heterorhabditis indica with newer insecticides under laboratory condition
Authors: Dash Soumya Shephalika , Koosari Supriya , Ingole Dnyaneshwar Babanrao , Kashyap Digvijay Pradeep , Tambe V.J. , Lavhe N.V.
Published: December 2022

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have been identified as promising biocontrol agents for controlling economically important insect pests of agricultural and horticultural crops. The compatibility of entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis indica with 7 CIB registered insecticides was investigated under laboratory conditions. The effect of these insecticides on nematode survival at recommended concentrations was observed after 12, 24, 48, 72 hours upon direct exposure. EPN H. indica was compatible with Imidacloprid 17.8% SL as maximum per cent of live H. indica were observed after 72 h of exposure to this insecticide. Similarly, H. indica was compatible with Fipronil 5% SC up to 48 h of exposure whereas, less than 70% live EPN were there in Thiamethoxam 25% WG, Diafenthiuron 50% WP and Cypermethrin 25% EC resulting these insecticides to be least compatible.  Emamectin benzoate 5% SG and chlorpyriphos 20% EC were incompatible with H. indica after 48 h of exposure. The result of this experiment will help in reducing the dependence on chemical insecticides and thus slowing down the development of insecticide resistance and preventing adverse effects on public health and the environment.
Ameliorative effect of herbal extracts on lipid profile in albino rats, Rattus norvegicus exposed to metanil yellow
Authors: Gangwar Shyam Babu , Saxena Beenam , Sinha M.K.
Published: December 2022

Synthetic food colours are used as key component by food manufacturers to increase the consumer acceptance towards food items and beverages as well as for having certain properties like low cost, high colour intensity and more colour stability. These food items and beverages may have more than recommended amount of permitted food colours or some non-permitted synthetic food colours, which may lead to several health problems like disturbances in biochemical parameters, allergic reaction, cancer, mutations etc. Some herbs are having active chemical components and could be used regularly to ameliorate the toxic effect of synthetic food colours. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of garlic and turmeric extract as a herbal antihyperlipidemic agent in albino rats fed on an azo dye, metanil yellow. The albino rats were divided into four groups (6 rats in each group). Group I (Negative control) fed on normal pellet diet, Group II (Positive control) fed on metanil yellow (MY), Group III fed on MY+ garlic extract and Group IV fed on MY+ turmeric extract. All experimental group fed on normal pellet diet and water ad libitum. Total cholesterol (TC), LDL, HDL and triglycerides (TG) were observed in serum of albino rats from all the groups. The results showed that administration of garlic and turmeric extract raise the level of HDL and lowered the level of LDL, TC and TG in blood serum of albino rats exposed to metanil yellow for 12 and 24 weeks of exposure periods. Garlic was found to be more potent in correcting the lipid profile of metanil yellow fed albino rats in comparison to turmeric extract. However, it has been concluded that both the herbs could be used as antihyperlipidemic agent to avoid health risk in human beings caused by chronic consumption of food colours in different food types consumed daily.
Lactose Intolerance: A Review for facts and fictions
Authors: Shubham Shubham Arjun Lonkar , Anju Boora Khatkar  , Narender Kumar Chandla  , Pranav Kumar Singh  , Sanjeev Kumar  , Mukul Sain  , Sunil Dr. Sunil Kumar Khatkar
Published: December 2022

Milk is assumed to be a complete food, due to its high nutritional status. Regular consumption of milk reduces the problems of nutrition deficiency. Milk contains sugar, mainly lactose in higher amount and lactose, with other ingredients of milk, also contributes to maintain the energy level of body. But, in some cases a problem arises due to the intake of lactose mainly owing to the deficiency of ?-galactosidase (Lactase) enzyme. Deficiency of lactase enzyme in human body, results in inefficiency of body for degrading the lactose into its smaller constituents. Un-degraded/ undigested lactose consumed by the bacteria and converts it into several acids and gases, which results in arise of several types of intestinal disorders. In this article, main focus is given on the lactose intolerance, its types, and remedies.
Standardization of harvest maturity of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus lam.) by morpho-physical investigation
Authors: Budnimath Suma , Babu A.G. , Jagadeesh S. L. , Prakash B.G.
Published: December 2022

An experiment was carried out to investigate the standardization of harvest maturity indicators in Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.)The mean number of spines/cm2 was lowest in tree 1 (8.0), the mean metallic sound (hedonic scale) was highest in tree 1 (2.8), the mean fruit length was significantly increasing and reaching its maximum in tree 1 (39.00 cm), and the mean fruit circumference was significantly increasing and reaching its maximum in tree 1 (39.00 cm) (41.48 cm).The experiment's data were considered non-replicated, and the recorded data were statistically analyzed using a one-way ANOVA design in the computer software MS Excel. Considering morphological analysis the characters viz.,  fruit circumference(39.00 cm), low spine density(8.0), moderate to high spreading of spines, presence of sensible hollow metallic sound could be used as the maturity indices of jackfruit. It is also noted that jackfruit could be harvested after 100 days of fruit set.
Characterization of the green gram (Vigna radiata L.) genotypes through both morphological and biochemical parameters
Authors: Chakraborty Aninda , Bordolui Sanjoy Kumar , Nandi Debarati
Published: December 2022

Eight genotypes of greengram were collected in the present investigation from AICRP on MULLaRP, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV) and they were characterized with ten quantitative, nineteen qualitative and two biochemical parameters as per the NBPGR descriptor. Grouping based on DUS descriptors indicate the existence of genetic diversity within the genotypes. These eight genotypes were evaluated and characterized for 31 DUS descriptors. However, 21 characters out of 31 characters of DUS descriptors differed significantly indicating a large and exploitable amount of genetic variability for the individual elite improved line profile development for identification and protection. The elite lines are similar for the important plant traits like semi erect and determinate growth habit but the development of erect types is the need of hour and indicates the incorporation of new germplasm for the improvement of this trait in the present material. Genotypes could be easily identified through some unique characters: SML-1822 could be identified amongst genotypes studied here in through its semi-erect growth habit, green stem colour with purple shade, dark green leaf colour, light yellow flower colour and bearing pods below canopy; identification of IPM-512-1 and TMB-37 could be made through seeds with drum shape and dull seed luster respectively; and Pusa Vishal through its leaves with dark green colour along with intermediate pod position and larger seed size. Samrat is having highest amount of protein as well as carbohydrate content among these genotypes. Thus, the DUS descriptor data generated with unique profiles of the elite improved lines can be used for the registration with PPV & FRA and seed purity testing.
Micro-morphological diversity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) as seen under foldscope
Authors: N M Kavyashree , Diwan Jayateertha R , K Mahantashivayogayya , R Lokesha , Naik Nagaraj M
Published: December 2022

Rice being the global grain, its genetic diversity is essential to support farmers' adaptation to climate change for sustainable production. Genetic variability analysis is essential to identify the diverse genotypes and to use them in hybridization programs. Although several advanced molecular techniques are now being used to characterize plants, morphological characterization is always preferred owing to their ease of detection. However, not all morphological traits can be observed through naked eyes. Observing micro-morphological variations requires the help of specialized optical instruments. "Foldscope" is a simple and portable optical instrument, which offers a great opportunity to exploit micro-morphological variations in crop plants. Hence, the current study was aimed at the micro-morphological characterization of rice crop using a foldscope. A total of 24 elite rice genotypes including checks were evaluated using Randomized Complete Block Design during Kharif 2018 at Agricultural Research Station Gangavati, to explore their genetic diversity. Five often neglected micro-morphological traits but associated with the traits of economic importance were recorded using 'foldscope' to assess the variability existing among the selected genotypes. The analysis of variance revealed substantial variations across all genotypes for all the characteristics investigated. The traits viz., length of leaf serrations, length of hairs on the lemma, and root hair length exhibited higher GCV, PCV, heritability, and GAM most likely because of additive gene effects. So, selection for these traits may be effective. The study also showed that foldscope can be effectively used in agriculture to study micro-morphological diversity between crop genotypes.
Assessing the genetic diversity for yield traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes using multivariate analysis under controlled and water stress conditions
Authors: Prakash Hamsa Poorna , Rawte Suman , Saxena Ritu Ravi , Verulkar Satish Balakrishna , Saxena Ravi Ratna
Published: December 2022

The genetic diversity of yield and yield attributing characteristics was explored in this research. In the topical study, fifty-two rice genotypes including four checks were used under three environmental conditions i.e. irrigated (IR), rainfed (RF) and terminal stage drought (TSD) conditions. The prevalence of genetic divergence was evaluated using clustering and Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the relative contribution of various traits. To fulfill the aim of the study, fifty-two genotypes were grouped into three distinct and non-overlapping clusters among these 3 clusters, cluster-I was the largest with the highest number of genotypes i.e. 47, 49 and 49 under IR, RF and TSD conditions, respectively. The highest average intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster-I, also the genotypes showed high variability under all three conditions. The highest inter-cluster distance between the cluster-II and cluster-III (IR and TSD) and cluster-I and cluster-II (RF) was observed, indicated that genotypes from the group should be considered for direct use as parents in hybridization programme to produce high yield. Only five of the 13 principal components (PCs) have been considered in the study based on the Eigen values and variability criteria. From the complex matrix it was revealed that the first-PC accounted for the highest variability. Genotypes which fall under a common PC were observed to be the most important factor for grain yield.
Identification of the race of root knot nematode by differential host test method
Authors: Daware Suraj Kishanrao , Kadam Dattatray , Pallavi Palande
Published: December 2022

Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) cause major damage to the fruit crops, vegetable crops and field crops. Infected plants showed declined symptoms and poor fruit yield also displayed stunting and yellowing symptoms. In order to choose appropriate management control techniques, nematode diagnosis and specimen identification must be accurate, quick and precise. The population of the nematode obtained from the experimental field of Post Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri were assessed for their host-race status by the differential host test which relies on the combination of resistant and susceptible reactions of six differential hosts to the nematode population. Result revealed that the nematode population infected tobacco (NC 95), pepper (California Wonder), watermelon (Charleston grey), tomato (Rutgers) and unable to reproduce on cotton (Deltapine- 16) and peanut (Florunner) which indicated presence of race 2 of Meloidogyne incognita.
Economic characters of muga silkworm cocoons influenced by regions and commercial seasons
Authors: Saikia Shilpa , Saikia Monimala , Dutta Roshmi Borah , Saikia Hemanta , Hazarika Manasee
Published: December 2022

Muga cocoons were procured from Jorhat, Kamrup and Lakhimpur districts in spring and autumn season. The objective was to determine the impact of three regions and commercial seasons on cocoon characters in terms of cocoon size, cocoon weight, pupal weight, shell weight and shell ratio. The experiment was laid out in completely randomised design with three replications. The impact of three regions and two seasons was found to be significant on cocoon parameters. Large sized cocoons were obtained from Kamrup district followed by Lakhimpur and Jorhat in autumn season compared to those obtained in spring season. Cocoon weight, shell weight, pupal weight and shell ratio percentage (5.73g, 0.51g, 5.19g and 8.74% respectively) were found to be significantly higher in Kamrup as compared to Lakhimpur (5.4g, 0.46g, 4.94g and 8.43% respectively) while lowest was recorded in Jorhat district (5.27g, 0.43g, 4.83g and 8.20% respectively) irrespective of the seasons. Considering the seasons, cocoons obtained from autumn were superior in terms of cocoon characters (5.66g cocoon weight, 0.49g shell weight, 5.16g pupal weight and 8.63% shell ratio) than those of spring season. Kamrup district and autumn season have turned out to be the best region and best season clearly indicating that region and season influences the cocoon characters of muga silkworm.
Effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens in manganese uptake by chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars infected by root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita)
Authors: Pradhan Pranaya , Nayak Dhirendra Kumar , Tamireddy Anjali , Pradhan Jayashankar , Moharana Ankit
Published: December 2022

Chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) is one of the most dominant pulse crops in India, which contributes 38 percent of the area and 50 percent production of pulses compare to the total pulse production of India. Chickpea contains protein-2.1%, carbohydrates-61.5%, and fat-4.5% and more iron, calcium and niacin content. The main constrain of chickpea production due to parasitic nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) is about 14% of total global production in annual yield loss. Pseudomonas fluorescens is a bacterial bio-agent that can help in nematode suppression in chickpea plants. This experiment was conducted to experience the differences, if any, in manganese content concerning chickpea inoculated with M. incognita with a combination of Pseudomonas fluorescens as a bioagent, where different treatments of nematode, bacteria, and chemicals are used sustaining the enhancement of disease resistance in chickpea cultivars RSG 974, GG 5, GNG 2144. The total manganese content of chickpea variety GNG 2144 was found highest in treatment, where only bacteria (P. fluorescens) was inoculated, i.e., 6.44 mg/100g of a root, followed by GG 5, i.e., 5.63 mg/100g of root and RSG 974 was, i.e., 4.14 mg/100g of root respectively. Application of Pseudomonas fluorescence combined or alone gradually increased the manganese concentration in roots of chickpea plants i.e., RSG 974 (4.14 mg/100g), GG 5(5.63 mg/100g), GNG 2144 (6.44 mg/100g) compared to the health check.
PENGARUH GAME KAHOOT TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPAS KELAS IV DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Indriani Elfi , Desyandri
Published: December 2022

Students' interest in learning science is still relatively low, because not a few students consider science as a relatively difficult subject. Interest in learning is very important for a student's learning. The use of interesting and interactive learning media increases students' interest in learning science. The interactive media used in this study uses the kahoot game in learning. This study aims to determine the effect of kahoot games on students' learning interest in grade IV science learning in elementary schools. This research uses quantitative research methods with Quasi Experimental Design with Posttest Only Control Design. Sampling technique with non-probability sampling. This type of research tool uses a questionnaire containing 20 positive statements. In calculating the data analysis, this study used SPSS Statistics 26.0 to calculate the normality test, then the hypothesis was tested using the t-test at a significant level of 0.05. The results of the calculation of the t-test hypothesis test in both classes show ????ℎ???????????????????? > ???????????????????????? namely 2,462 > 2.011 which indicates that there is an influence of kahoot games on students' interest in learning science in class IV SD Negeri 20 Pahambatan Balingka.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENGATASI KESULITAN BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DI SD
Authors: Mahzunia Fauziah Safitri  , Masub Bakhtiar Afakhrul
Published: December 2022

In the learning process, both teachers and students want satisfactory results. But in reality, something that is desired sometimes does not go well. There are still many students who encounter obstacles in learning so that it makes students have difficulty learning. Learning difficulties are conditions where students have obstacles or distractions in the learning process so that the expected results are not satisfactory. These obstacles or disturbances can be caused by several factors, both internal factors of students and external factors of students. Learning difficulties become an obstacle for teachers when delivering subject matter. Teachers have an important role for students in overcoming learning difficulties. As for the efforts made by the teacher to overcome learning difficulties, namely by identifying obstacles related to student learning difficulties, providing direction to student guardians to overcome problems, and finally the teacher provides study guidance to students.
Modern technologies and
methods of data collection in the function of making better traffic analysis of
forensic traffic experts
Authors: Kamnik Rok , Topolšek Darja , Laković Stanko
Published: December 2022

Even though the European roads are among the safest in the world, the number of road accidents is still a cause for concern. To reduce their number and consequences, many studies are being conducted, including knowledge of the factors that influence the occurrence of accidents. Forensic traffic experts are also part of the treatment of traffic accidents, and they often must base their conclusions on proven incomplete studies of data collected by police officers. In some cases, traffic accident data are still collected in classical ways and with classical measuring equipment. This is often a source of error. This paper defines these errors and offers solutions that are shown primarily through data capture using 3D scanners and photogrammetry. In this way, we can perfectly recreate the situation in the event of a traffic accident through 3D models, thus eliminating many shortcomings of police drawings and records. The article also proposes a central database of traffic accidents as an additional solution to gain a deeper insight into the causes and consequences of traffic accidents.
Climate change, disaster risk
reduction and resilience
Authors: Trut Damir , Kovačević Jasminka
Published: December 2022

Climate change increases the risks of instability in all its forms, and significantly affects the frequency and intensity of natural threats. In the last two decades, 90 percent of the world's major disasters were caused by events such as heat waves, floods, and weather-related droughts. The 2019 Disaster Risk Assessment for the Republic of Croatia for 10 out of 15 simple risks determined that climate change affected their occurrence. Climate change also affects complex risks, especially in urban areas. Therefore, when assessing the impact of climate change on the environment, it is necessary to consider the impact they have on disaster risks. Disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation have a common area of interest, partly overlapping
An example of
the protection of a deep excavation in an urban environment
Authors: Dodigović Filip , Agnezović Krešimir , Ivandić Krešo , Strelec Stjepan
Published: December 2022

The paper presents the design of deep excavation support system in an urban environment. Excavation is carried out in the vicinity of surrounding buildings whose structural stability must be ensured during the execution of the construction works. The 60 cm thick diaphragm wall supported by the two rows (17.00 m and 18.25) of geotechnical anchors was selected as an excavation support system. The approximate floor plan dimensions of the diaphragm wall are 81x118 m, and the maximum excavation depth is 10.5 m. An additional challenge in designing the diaphragm wall is the presence of groundwater, whose maximum level is observed at a depth of approximately 5.8 m. In order to ensure the execution of construction works in dry conditions, a system of drainage trenches and wells is designed at the bottom of the pit. The diaphragm wall is designed in accordance with Eurocode 7.