bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence of blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) in pediatric hangings and recommendation for screening
Authors: Golubkova Alena , Liebe Heather , Leiva Tyler , Stewart Kenneth , Sarwar Zoona , Hunter Catherine J. , Johnson Jeremy J.
Published: February 2023

Purpose
Incidence of blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) following hanging in the pediatric population is ill-defined. Current guidelines recommend screening imaging during the initial trauma evaluation. Necessity of screening is questioned given BCVI is considered rare after hanging, especially when asymptomatic. This study aims to elucidate the incidence of BCVI in pediatric hangings and determine the value of radiographic work up.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed, of pediatric hangings reported to the National Trauma Databank (NTDB), 2017–2019. Imaging, diagnoses, and findings suggestive of BCVI, such as Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 8, presence of cervical injury, and soft tissue injury were considered. Statistical analysis was carried out to compare incidence.
Results
197 patients met study criteria, with 179 showing up to the trauma bay with signs of life. BCVI incidence was 5.6% (10 of 179). A CT angiogram (CTA) was completed in 46% of the patients.
Conclusion
BCVI incidence following pediatric hanging is more common than previously thought. Less than half of patients had a CTA reported in this cohort. This may result in an underestimate. Given the potentially devastating consequences of a missed BCVI, the addition of CTA to initial work up is worthwhile to evaluate for cervical vascular injury.
Effect of water temperature on internal nitrogen release from sediments in the Pearl River Delta region, China
Authors: Zhu Dantong , Cheng Xiangju , Sample David J. , Qiao Qingsong , Liu Zhaowei
Published: February 2023

Nitrogen (N) has received attention as an indicator of water quality and pollution. However, the N content of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs varies significantly by season, and environmental factors such as temperature affect it. An experiment was conducted with a series of tanks containing sediments from the Pearl River Delta region of China and distilled water to assess the release of N from sediments under controlled conditions; temperatures from 10 to 30℃ were assessed. Results show that the effect of temperature on N in the water column and sediment is nonlinear. Only temperatures ranging from 20 ~ 25℃ affected NO3-N in shallow sediments. Temperatures lower than 20℃ had more effect on NH4-N concentration in the water column, while NO3-N concentration was affected heavily at higher temperatures. NH4-N typically is stable at a relatively high concentration in the water column at 20℃. While NO2-N is stable in the water column at higher temperatures, NO3-N is the dominant form of N in water bodies at temperatures from 25℃ to 30℃. At 20℃, dissolved inorganic nitrogen was released from the sediment to the water column, gradually reaching equilibrium. Temperature could affect the internal release of NH4-N; this process gradually accelerated as the temperature rose. However, the presence of NH4-N in a water body can inhibit its release, thus the relationship between the diffusive flux with temperature is not linear. The relationship between N diffusive flux at the sediment-water interface can be described by Polynomial2D and Lorentz2D models (R2 > 0.87).
Baclofen treatment prevents persistent working memory deficits induced by alcohol withdrawal through restoration of histone H3 methylation in mice
Authors: De Clerck Mael , Manguin Martin , Dalmeida Marion , Beracochea Daniel , Mons Nicole
Published: February 2023

Epigenetic modifications have emerged as key contributors to the enduring behavioral and molecular neuroadaptations following withdrawal from chronic alcohol exposure. Here, we investigated in C57/BL mice whether repeated daily injections of baclofen, a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type B receptor (GABAB-R) agonist, administrated during the withdrawal period could prevent deficits in working memory and associated changes of the transcriptionally repressive mark dimethylated histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me2) in the dorsal hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. We found that mice subjected to a 4-week withdrawal period after 5 months of alcohol consumption exhibit persistent deficits in spatial working memory and abnormal decreases in global levels of H3K9me2 immunoreactivity in both regions. Importantly, baclofen treatment during the 15 days preceding the end of alcohol withdrawal reversed working memory impairments and led to full reversal of the withdrawal-induced decreased levels of H3K9me2 in both regions. In addition, baclofen also reversed the withdrawal-induced aberrant decrease of permissive histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9ac) in the dorsal hippocampus. Conversely, administration of UNC0642, a pharmacological inhibitor of the lysine methyltransferase G9a-mediated H3K9me2, prior to testing blocked the preventive effect of baclofen on withdrawal-induced working memory impairment. Together, these results suggested that, after prolonged alcohol withdrawal, downregulation of GABAB-R function may mediate long-lasting working memory impairment via downregulation of H3K9me2 and G9a activity in the dorsal hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.
Planning of Distributed Generation Resources to Simultaneously Improve Reliability and Resilience of Distribution Network
Authors: Ghanbarimasir Vali , Yousefi Borzou , Noori Abdoreza , Rezvani Mohammad
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a novel optimization framework is proposed for the assessment of distribution network reliability and resilience via distributed generation (DG) placement. In this regard, a stochastic multi-objective optimization model is introduced that utilizes optimal allocation of DG units along with an optimal service restoration strategy by using the network’s embedded remote-control switches. The model minimizes distribution network outage costs due to both reliability contingencies and resilience events while keeping DG investment costs minimum. The optimal service restoration problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model that satisfies network technical constraints. In order to capture the uncertain nature of fault contingencies, two different scenario sets are generated. Historical data of the network’s fault-rates, and the failure probability functions of network components obtained from Monte Carlo simulation (MSC), are used for reliability and resilience scenarios, respectively. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) approach is applied to solve the model which provides a Pareto-optimum solution pool. A fuzzy decision-making logic tool is then applied to assist the network planners in opting the final solution from the Pareto-front. The proposed model is tested on IEEE 33-bus system and the simulation results show the effectiveness of the model.
Coronary microvascular dysfunction and myocardial area at risk assessed by CZT-SPECT after primary PCI in AMI patients
Authors: Cui Lijun , Zhang Kun , Wangyang Chongzi , Chen Weiqiang , Huang Ping , Song Zhenguo , Tian Gang , Yu Pengwei , Tang Zijian , Wang Jiao , Li Jianming , Tse Gary , Liu Tong , Wang Yongde , Chen Kangyin
Published: February 2023

Purpose
This study used CZT-SPECT to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) and myocardial area at risk (AAR) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients who received primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods
This was a single-center cross-sectional retrospective study. 83 patients received primary PCI for acute myocardial infarction. Subsequently, a rest/stress dynamic and routine gated myocardial perfusion imaging one week after PCI. The CMD group was defined as: the residual stenosis of infarct-related artery (IRA) < 50% and myocardial Flow Reserve (MFR) < 2.0 in this corresponding territory; While MFR ≥ 2.0 of IRA pertained to the normal control group.
Results
A total of 53 patients with a mean age of 57.06 ± 11.99 years were recruited, of whom 81.1% were STEMI. The proportion of patients with CMD was 79.2% (42/53). The time of pain to SPECT imaging was 7.50 ± 1.27 days in CMD group and 7.45 ± 1.86 days in controls. CMD patients had a higher body mass index (BMI) than controls (26.48 ± 3.26 vs 24.36 ± 2.73, P < 0.05), and a higher proportion of STEMI, TIMI 0 grade of infarct relate artery (IRA) prior PCI than controls (88.1% vs 54.5%, 61.9% vs 18.2% respectively) (all P < 0.05). No significant difference was identified in the rest-myocardial blood flow (MBF) of IRA between the two groups, whereas the stress-MBF and MFR of IRA, Rest-AAR, Stress-AAR in the CMD group were remarkably lowered (P < 0.01). Higher BMI (OR:1.332, 95%CI:1.008–1.760) and Stress-AAR (OR:1.994, 95%CI:1.122–3.543) were used as independent predictors of CMD occurrence (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The prevalence of CMD is high in AMI patients who received primary PCI. Each 1kg/m2 increase in BMI was associated with a 1.3-fold increase in CMD risk. A 5% increase in Stress-AAR was associated with a nearly 2-fold increase in CMD risk. Increased BMI and stress-AAR predicts decreased coronary reserve function.
Alternatives to animal-source foods are key to reaching climate goals
Authors: Hale Galina , Onescu Vlad , Bhangale Ritesh
Published: February 2023

The global food system is an important contributor to greenhouse gas emissions that are responsible for climate change. Animal agriculture is responsible for a large share of the food-
system emissions, both directly and through the production of animal feed.(1) Limiting global warming to the goals set forth by the international community will not be possible without
rapid phasing out of animal-source food.(2)(3) Given population growth, is there a path for food system development that can be consistent with global demand for calories and protein
without jeopardizing climate goals? Here we show that the rapid adoption of alternatives to animal-source foods, such as plant-based, cultured, or fermentation-derived, is consistent with
climate goals, especially when combined with the transition to healthier diets and agricultural yield improvements.(4) Alternatives must achieve parity with animal-source foods, which means matching their price, taste, and other attributes. Delaying the introduction of alternatives at parity, even by a few years, makes a big difference in total greenhouse gas emissions from the food industry. To our knowledge, this is the first study to quantify greenhouse gas emissions across a variety of scenarios involving the transition from animal-source foods to alternatives in a global context and across all food groups. Moreover, we carefully model the transition to alternatives using conventional product adoption modeling. Our results point to the urgent need for large-scale acceleration of innovation in alternatives to animal-source food to achieve parity as soon as possible in order to allow for rapid adoption of such alternatives in time to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees C by 2100 with a 66% probability. For such acceleration,
policy interventions analogous to those provided for alternative energy are needed to create innovation-friendly environment
The Impacts of Multi-blockholder Contestability and Coalition on the Risk of Korean Companies
Authors: Kim Hung Sik , Cho Kyung-Shick
Published: February 2023

We examine the relationship between multi-blockholder contestability and coalition and firm risk using an unbalanced panel of 646 Korean non-financial firms with 7,582 firm-years from 2010 to 2017 (8 years). For multi-blockholder contestability, we use the second-to-first blockholder contestability index and the second-and third-to-first blockholder contestability index. The Herfindahl-Harshman Index Concentration and Herfindahl-Harshman Index Difference are used for a multi-blockholder coalition. Using different measures of contestability, we show that contestability among multiple blockholders is negatively related to beta. It is also shown that the probability (variance) of forming a dominant coalition among multiple blockholders is negatively related to beta. This suggests that contestability and the probability of forming a dominant coalition among multiple blockholders reduce corporate risk. This study expands on the existing literature on the relationship between corporate risk and ownership. This study shows that the multi-blockholder contestability and coalition may be one factor determining the risk of a company. Our findings will contribute to policymakers and investors who are interested in the relationship between corporate risk and blockholder contestability and dispersion in the Korean stock market.
Effect of the 2015 Code Revision to the Corporate Governance Code on Japanese Listed Firms
Authors: Yanagida Tomotaka
Published: February 2023

The Corporate Governance Code, revised in 2015, recommends that the firms listed within the first and second sections of Japan’s Tokyo Stock Exchange select two or more independent outside directors (Corporate Governance Code 4-8). Japanese listed firms must either comply with or explain the reason for non-compliance. This study investigates how the Corporate Governance Code affects Japanese listed firms. Using a difference-in-differences approach for our sample of 4,200 firm–year observations in 2014–2015, we find that the Corporate Governance Code increases the proportion of outside directors by approximately 8.8%. This finding implies that such companies might have found it difficult to explain non-compliance with this rule to their shareholders. Moreover, we find no evidence that increases in the ratio of outside directors are related to a firm’s future performance.
Stock Market Interdependence, Contagion, the Financial Subprime Crisis and the European Sovereign Debt Crisis: Evidence from the Chinese’s Stock Market
Authors: Jayech Selma , Mazigh Lamia Jaidane , Abdennadher Emna
Published: February 2023

This study analyses the contagion effects of the American, the British and the Greek stock markets on the Chinese stock market in the context of the 2007–2010 American and European financial crises. Two contagion tests have been performed using the Archimedean copula functions. The results of the first test suggest that the financial contagion existed between UK/China in the 2007 subprime financial crisis period and between U.S./China and U.K./China in the 2010 European sovereign debt crisis period. Finally, the second test shows that the contagion effects of the 2010 European sovereign debt crisis were clearly more intense than those caused by the 2007 subprime financial crisis just for the U.S./China pair. Investors' sentiment and behavior indirectly have impact on financial risk contagion in Chinese stock markets.
A política criminal e a normatividade jurídico processual penal em prática: Pierre Bourdieu e discussões etnográficas
Authors: Santos Francisco Geraldo Matos
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo aborda a política criminal na prática e de como essa política impõe normatividade advinda do próprio Código de Processo Penal (CPP). Trata-se do resultado de uma pesquisa em que utilizou além do referencial teórico de Bourdieu e outros pensadores no campo da literatura crítica, a etnometodologia como abordagem pesquisada. Percebeu-se dessa forma, que embora a sociologia de Bourdieu tenha sido desenvolvida a partir de pesquisas na sociedade francesa, suas contribuições são também verificadas na sociedade brasileira, principalmente no tocante à difusão de violência simbólica e do autoritarismo que não apenas está presente na política legislativa do CPP, mas também, na própria prática, verificada em uma audiência criminal na Comarca de Belém – PA.
Abordagem Policial: O custo econômico do encarceramento no estado do Paraná
Authors: Basso Murilo , Bueno de Lima Cezar , Fogaça Maurício Luciano
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo abordar os custos econômicos da política criminal de drogas e seu consequente aumento no encarceramento brasileiro. Para isso, utiliza como base de estudo dados referentes ao aprisionamento no Estado do Paraná. A temática é relevante porque a problemática requer a atenção das autoridades governamentais, pesquisadores e da sociedade na busca por saídas para minimizar os efeitos de políticas que resultam na expansão dos gastos públicos e privados e no aumento da sensação de medo e insegurança urbana. O artigo sugere, com base em pesquisa bibliográfica, observação empírica e experiência profissional, lançando mão do método hipotético-dedutivo, que as ações visando à redução da criminalidade, coordenadas apenas por meio dos órgãos de segurança pública, são paliativas e carecem de efetividade, sobretudo quanto à criminalidade derivada do uso e tráfico de drogas. Conclui-se que a superação do problema depende de uma mudança do paradigma punitivo que orbita em torno de práticas sociojurídicas penalizadoras, priorizando alternativas político-institucionais descriminalizadoras que objetivem a resolução pacífica, restaurativa e não encarceradora dos problemas relativos às drogas.
The Effects of Exogenous Salicylic Acid and Strigolactone Applications on Seedling Growth and Antioxidant Activity in Tomato Seedlings Under Short-Term Drought Stress
Authors: BALTACIER Gamze , DONAT Sevgi , ACAR Okan
Published: February 2023

Drought is the main abiotic stress factor that negatively affects the growth, development, and
yield of plants. Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant growth regulator associated with stress tolerance in
plants. Exogenous application of SA prevents against stress dependent damage. Strigolactones
(SLs) are another phytohormone in plants, they are known to positively affect plant growth with
exogenous applications due to their potential to stimulate the tolerance system of plants under
stress conditions. The aim of this study is determine to SA and GR24 effects on the negative
impacts of drought stress on tomato “Full F1” seedlings, which is the most preferred commercial
variety by professional farmers in Çanakkale (Turkey), based on physiological [(shoot-root
length, biomass, relative water content (RWC), specific leaf area (SLA), total chlorophyll content
(SPAD)] and biochemical parameters [Total protein amount, glutathione reductase activity (GR),
catalase activity (CAT), peroxidase activity (POX), ascorbate peroxidase activity (APX),
hydrogen peroxide amount (H2O2), lipid peroxidation amount (TBARS)]. Fourty-five days old
seedlings kept five days for acclimation, then the seedlings were treated with exogenous GR24
(0.015 mM) and SA (0.1 mM) applications. According to our results, Full F1 tomato variety was
adversely affected by short-term drought stress. However, especially SA+GR24 application
reduced lipid peroxidation by regulating antioxidant capacity and increased drought tolerance of
this cultivar. In this context, it can be said that the combined use of these phytohormones can be
used to protect the Full F1 tomato variety from drought stress damage.
Genome-wide Development and Physical Mapping of SSR Markers in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.)
Authors: ÇELİK İbrahim
Published: February 2023

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is one of the important sugar crops. Thus, development of
molecular tools to understand molecular mechanism of agronomic traits such as root yield and
sucrose content by using comprehensive genome analysis is important for sugar beet molecular
breeding. A prime to such a comprehensive genome analysis is high throughout marker
development. In the present study, mining of sugar beet genome for simple sequence repeats
(SSRs) revealed 37704 motifs. Dinucleotide repeats were the most abundant accounting for
69.3 %. A total of 22500 SSR primers were developed and these markers were physically
mapped in sugar beet genome. The markers distributed over nine chromosomes and the map
had a higher resolution (16.73 kb SSR-1). Also 102 SSR markers were found to be putatively
associated with carbohydrate synthesis. The present study is the first report of genome-wide
development of SSR markers and construction of SSR based physical map in sugar beet. SSR
markers increased the number of available sugar beet specific SSR markers by 55-fold. SSR
markers developed in the present study are valuable molecular genetic tools for comprehensive
genome analysis to facilitate sugar beet molecular breeding
Investigation of Some Biological Activities of Ajuga chamaepitys subsp. chia
Authors: SAVAŞ Atiye Nur , HACIOĞLU Nurcihan , DEMİR Neslihan
Published: February 2023

Ajuga L., which is an Eastern Mediterranean element, is popularly known as ground pine, dwarf
grass, ground cypress, bitter gourd, wormwood, yeast grass (mayasılotu in Turkish) (Zeybek and
Zeybek, 1994). Ajuga chamaepitys L. Schreb species has been used since the Middle Ages as a
diuretic, antidote for poisonous animal stings, and as an invigorating, wound-healing and
diaphoretic plant. This study evaluated antibiofilm, time-kill potential and antioxidant activity of
four extracts of A. chamaepitys subsp. chia (Schreb.) Arcang. Crystal violet binding assay were
used to determinate antibiofilm activities of extracts against test microorganisms (4 Gram
negative, 3 Gram positive and 1yeast). Antioxidant activity was evaluated by using 2,2-diphenyl1-picrylhydrazyl and reducing antioxidant capacity methods. The highest antibiofilm activity was
obtained in acetone extract against P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and S. aureus ATCC 6538P
bacteria. In the time-dependent killing test of plant extracts, microbicidal effect was obtained after
24 hours. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained from plants ethyl acetate extract.
Climate adaptation and WASH behavior change in the Lake Victoria Basin
Authors: Marcus Hannah , Muga Raphine , Hodgins Stephen
Published: February 2023

As climate change disrupts the global hydrological cycle, bringing extremes of flooding and drought, many communities will experience changes in water and sanitation quality and access, requiring adaptive behavior changes. This study set out to map the adaptation patterns – namely, the strategies employed to cope with water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related impacts of climate change – within the Mabinju community, located along the banks of Lake Victoria in Western Kenya. Qualitative methods were employed, involving 17 semi-structured individual interviews and seven focus groups with village members. Insights derived from direct conversations with village members were deepened through qualitative interviews with an additional 13 WASH sector stakeholders working in the wider Lake Victoria Basin region. Through this study, various WASH-specific community adaptation measures were identified, with both positive and negative impacts on long-term local climate resilience. While many positive coping strategies were found to be spurred by the creative faculties of local residents, capacities for adaptation were found to be restrained by broader forces of poverty and resource access, resulting in the adoption of certain maladaptive coping mechanisms. These findings highlight the need for climate adaptation interventions in the WASH sector to simultaneously build on existing resilience-enhancing measures while addressing the root causes of maladaptation.
Toxicity of sediments in eight urban stormwater management ponds: bioassessment by oligochaete community metrics used in the sediment quality triad
Authors: Tixier Guillaume , Rochfort Quintin , Grapentine Lee , Marsalek Jiri , Lafont Michel , Vivien Régis
Published: February 2023

Implemented for decades as part of the ‘best management practices (BMPs)’ for controlling urban runoff impacts on receiving waters, stormwater management ponds (SMPs) have been increasingly viewed as potential habitats for urban wildlife. However, since SMPs are subject to a lot of environmental constraints, research toward assessing their ecological quality and their actual benefits as habitats for biota is needed. In this study, the sediment toxicity of eight SMPs located in Southern Ontario, Canada was assessed using the sediment quality triad (SQT) approach. Sediment samples were collected for chemical, ecotoxicological and biological analyses. An oligochaete-based index approach (Oligochaete Index of Lake Bioindication and percentage of pollution-sensitive species) was used as the biological endpoint and integrated into a weight-of-evidence approach to assessing the general sediment quality of the ponds. Our results showed that (i) heavy metals in the sediment and (ii) chloride concentrations in the sediment interstitial water caused detrimental effects on the ecological quality of the sediments in the ponds studied. The oligochaete indices applied in this study showed value as biological endpoints to be integrated into the SQT and used for setting up sediment ecological quality goals.
Chalcone Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents: An Updated Overview
Authors: de Oliveira Aldo S. , Cenci Arthur R. , Gonçalves Lucas , Thedy Maria Eduarda C. , Justino Angelica , Braga Antônio L. , Meier Lidiane
Published: February 2023

Background:

The indiscriminate use of antibiotics brings an alarming reality:
in 2050, bacterial resistance could be the main cause of death in the world, resulting in the
death of 10 million people, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In this
sense, to combat bacterial resistance, several natural substances, including chalcones, have
been described in relation to antibacterial, representing a potential tool for the discovery
of new antibacterial drugs.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to perform a bibliographic survey and discuss the
main contributions in the literature about the antibacterial potential of chalcones in the last
5 years.

Methods:

A search was carried out in the main repositories, for which the publications of
the last 5 years were investigated and discussed. Unprecedented in this review, in addition
to the bibliographic survey, molecular docking studies were carried out to exemplify the
applicability of using one of the molecular targets for the design of new entities with antibacterial
activity.

Results:

In the last 5 years, antibacterial activities were reported for several types of chalcones,
for which activities were observed for both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
with high potency, including MIC values in the nanomolar range. Molecular docking
simulations demonstrated important intermolecular interactions between chalcones and
residues from the enzymatic cavity of the enzyme DNA gyrase, one of the validated molecular
targets in the development of new antibacterial agents.

Conclusion:

The data presented demonstrate the potential of using chalcones in drug development
programs with antibacterial properties, which may be useful to combat resistance,
a worldwide public health problem.
miRNA as Drug: Antagomir and Beyond
Authors: Cannataro Roberto , Cione Erika
Published: February 2023

MicroRNA (miRNA) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules containing
20 to 25 nucleotides, present in all body fluids; they can be used as biomarkers, but much more
than this as a therapy to replace missing protein or to downregulate excess or aberrant synthesis;
here we report possible insight to future studies, needed in this exciting field.
The Journey of iPSC-derived OPCs in Demyelinating Disorders: From
In vitro Generation to In vivo Transplantation
Authors: Lohrasbi Fatemeh , Ghasemi-Kasman Maryam , Soghli Negar , Ghazvini Sobhan , Vaziri Zahra , Abdi Sadaf , Darban Yasaman Mahdizadeh
Published: February 2023

Loss of myelination is common among neurological diseases. It causes significant disability,
even death, if it is not treated instantly. Different mechanisms involve the pathophysiology of demyelinating
diseases, such as genetic background, infectious, and autoimmune inflammation. Recently,
regenerative medicine and stem cell therapy have shown to be promising for the treatment of demyelinating
disorders. Stem cells, including embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem
cells (iPSCs), and adult stem cells (ASCs), can differentiate into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
(OPCs), which may convert to oligodendrocytes (OLs) and recover myelination. IPSCs provide an
endless source for OPCs generation. However, the restricted capacity of proliferation, differentiation,
migration, and myelination of iPSC-derived OPCs is a notable gap for future studies. In this article, we
have first reviewed stem cell therapy in demyelinating diseases. Secondly, methods of different protocols
have been discussed among in vitro and in vivo studies on iPSC-derived OPCs to contrast OPCs’
transplantation efficacy. Lastly, we have reviewed the results of iPSCs-derived OLs production in each
demyelination model.
Formulation and Evaluation of Quality Characteristics of Complementary
Food
Authors: Shravani Kopparam Amarnath , Thampy Anjana , Thabassum Anees Fathima , Shiva Kumara Chilkunda Sannaiah , Anandan Satish Kumara , Reddy Madhavi
Published: February 2023

Background:

Banana (Genus Musa) cultivars have been farmed for a long time all
over the world. Various parts of this plant have nutritional and therapeutic applications. According
to research, various components of the banana can be used to cure ailments, such as diabetes,
hypertension, cancer, ulcers, diarrhea, urolithiasis, Alzheimer's, and infections. Despite such vast
knowledge about bananas, there is a lacuna in exploring the different varieties with their nutritional
value and suitability.

Objective:

The present study was carried out to analyze the nutritional composition of different
varieties of bananas and their consumption.

Methods:

Robusta, Rasakadali, and Red banana varieties were studied for their chemical and nutrient
composition and wide consumption.

Results:

Among the observed varieties, Robusta was found to have high protein (1.99 ± 0.10), fat
(0.18 ± 0.01), carbohydrates (78.76 ± 0.01), ash (1.23 ± 0.1), fiber (1.00 ± 0.10), and energy
(316.81 ± 0.00) as compared to other varieties. Minerals like calcium (6.25 ± 0.77), manganese
(0.81 ± 0.00), and iron (0.10 ± 0.00) were found to be slightly high in Robusta. Furthermore,
sensory acceptability results revealed that the cakes prepared by Robusta had the highest acceptability
scores.

Conclusion:

Robusta had better nutrient and chemical composition along with a good sensory
profile compared to the other two varieties and thus preferred for cake preparation.
Prescribing Pattern of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
in the Middle East Region: A Critical Review
Authors: Al-Shargi Omar Yahya
Published: February 2023

Background:

There exists a paucity of data on pharmacoepidemiologic and drug utilization
patterns of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the Middle East region.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to provide a critical appraisal of the prescription patterns
of NSAIDs in the Middle East region.

Methods:

A literature search was conducted on the electronic databases such as MEDLINE,
Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect for studies conducted on prescription pattern of NSAIDs using
the keywords “Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs”, “NSAIDs”, “Non-opioid Analgesics”,
“Antipyretics”, “Prescription Pattern”, “Drug Use indicators”, “Drug Utilization Pattern”,
“Pharmacoepidemiology”. The search was conducted within 5 months, from January to May
2021.

Results:

Studies from twelve Middle Eastern countries were analyzed and critically discussed. The
findings indicated widespread and clinically significant inappropriate prescribing in all Middle
East countries and territories. Furthermore, NSAIDs prescription pattern in the region extensively
varies with healthcare settings, patient’s age, patient’s medical presentation, history of comorbid
conditions, insurance type, and prescribers’ specialization and years of experience, among several
other factors.

Conclusion:

Low-quality prescribing based on indicators of the World Health Organization/
International Network of Rational Use of Drugs suggests the need to further improve the current
drug utilization trend in the region.
Evaluation of CNS Depressant and Anti-anxiety Activities of Leaves of
Convolvulus pluricaulis
Authors: Khan Sumayya , Kala Chandra , Goyal Manoj , Yadav Sandeep Kumar , Taleuzzaman Mohamad
Published: February 2023

Background:

Convolvulus pluricaulis is a native plant that is commonly mentioned in Ayurveda as a Rasayana and is primarily recommended for use in mental stimulation and rejuvenation therapy. Convolvulus pluricaulis is used as a brain tonic. The plant is reported to be a prominent memory-improving drug. It is used as a psychostimulant and tranquilizer. It is reported to reduce men-tal tension.

Objective:

The present study aimed to explore the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of Convolvulus pluricaulis, along with CNS depressant and anti-anxiety activities, in models of mice.

Methods:

The extract from leaves of Convolvulus pluricaulis were sequentially isolated with a mix-ture of water and alcohol solution in the soxhlet apparatus. An acute toxicity study was conducted as per OECD guidelines no. 423, in which 18 Albino male mice were treated with different doses (1, 10, 100, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg) of hydroalcoholic extract of Convolvulus pluricaulis and assessed for toxicity parameters for 14 days. Various psychomotor activities of hydroalcoholic extract from leaves of Convolvulus pluricaulis for 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg doses were performed in mice by using various tests like actophotometer, open field, rota-rod, grip strength tests, elevated plus maze, hole board test, inclined plane, chimney test.

Results:

The hydroalcoholic extract from leaves of Convolvulus pluricaulis was found to fall under category 4 in the acute toxicity study. Therefore, 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg doses of hydroalcoholic ex-tract of leaves of Convolvulus pluricaulis were selected for the further pharmacological study. The re-sults of psychomotor tests (actophotometer, open field, rota-rod, grip strength, hole board test, inclined plane, chimney test, elevated plus maze, light-dark model) for test doses 100, 200, and 300 in mice showed CNS depressant and anti-anxiety effects.

Conclusion:

Hydroalcoholic extract from leaves of Convolvulus pluricaulis at the 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg doses has shown CNS depressant and anti-anxiety effects in mice models.
representation of Zen Buddism in Ikebana flower arrangement of Ikenobou School
Authors: Anbarwati Baiq Nisrina Tri , Prihandari I. , Efrizal Efrizal
Published: February 2023

This study aims to describe the philosophy emerges from Ikebana (the Japanese flower arrangement) of Ikenobou school/stream and the representation of beauty concept according to Zen Buddhism in Ikenobou’s ikebana. The research data was contained of seven (7) characteristics of Zen Buddhism according to Hisamatsu Shin’ichi namely: fukinsei, kanso, shizen, kokou, yuugen, datsuzoku, and seijaku within five (5) Ikebana flower arrangements from Ikenobou school namely: rikka, shoka, moribana, nageire, and jiyuka. As the result showed: 1) the prominent characteristic was Seijaku which found in the four Ikebana styles in twenty-one pieces, meanwhile the least characteristics were Fukinsei and Kanso found in two pieces of flower arrangements whereas the Kokou characteristic was absent in all flower arrangements; 2) the representation of beauty philosophy found in the flower arrangement of Ikenobou school/stream through its Ikebana styles were: (a). The 自由化 (Jiyuka) style represented characteristic of: 不均斉 (fukinsei) or asymmetrical, 自然 (shizen) or naturalness, and 脱俗 (datsuzoku) or free from bonds/ties. (b). The 昇華正風一種いけ (Shoka Shofutai Isshuike) style represented the characteristics of 簡素 (kanso) or simplicity. (c). The 立花 (rikka) style represented the characteristic of 幽玄 (yuugen) or deep meaning and (d). 昇華新風 (shoka shinputai) represented the characteristic of 静寂 (sijaku) or stillness/silence.
ROLE OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING-LEARNING PROCESS OF THE STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT: AN INSIGHT STUDY
Authors: Kauts Deepa Sikand , Sharma Isha  .
Published: February 2023

Technology is a tool to unlock the learning and expand the horizon of the students with the disabilities. It has great potential in providing access for all learners especially the ones suffering with vision loss and is a great tool to remove the previously insurmountable barriers faced by the visually impaired students. The study aimed at investigating the role of assistive technology in teaching-learning process of the students with visual impairment. The research design employed was mixed research design. A Survey and a semi-structured interview were conducted with a noticeable percent of the students and teachers comprising of 62 students and 28 teachers of various inclusive and special schools for the visually impaired students of Amritsar district. The method of purposive sampling had been employed by the investigator and the percentage analysis and thematic analysis techniques had been used to analyse the data collected using the self- developed tools prepared by the investigator. The study found out that assistive technology facilitated the learning and teaching of the visually impaired students, encouraged independent learning as well as has enormous contribution towards curriculum coverage and served a great role in the building up of certain personality traits amongst the students. It was also explored out that in spite of playing a great role in effective teaching and learning process yet there are various barriers on its way like lack of training and aids in various schools of the district which must be eliminated by the support of national and state government authorities who should recognize the benefits of assistive technology in supporting educational independence and individualized achievement of the students with visual impairment.
EXAMINING THE ROLE AND IMPACT OF FORENSIC SCIENCE EVIDENCES FOR THE INVESTIGATIVE-SOLUTION OF CRIMES
Authors: Bhalshankar Deepali Shivaji , Dongre Shilparani  S.
Published: February 2023

It is noticed that, forensic science includes the use of physical and natural sciences for the investigation of civil and criminal cases. This is used for various purposes such as inspecting criminal crimes such as rape, murder, honour killing, frauds and drug tracking and civil cases as wilfully destructing the natural environment. This includes using modern science and technologies such as DNA testing, micro-observations, fingerprint profiling, and Narco-test so that the reality related to crime and suspect are identified properly. The study knows that as per Indian Evidence Act (IEA) 1872, evidences and proofs have been classified into various parts such as Primary Evidence, Oral Evidence, Documentary Evidence, Video Evidence, Audio Evidence, Secondary evidence, and Judicial Evidence that play a crucial role in the investigation process. Present research study found that forensic investigations and methods are highly needful as it tracks the implications of the illegitimate substances and recognizes the residues by reconstructing the crime incidence again. It is noticed that, Forensic investigations and methods also help in identifying the criminal and collecting information about the reasons of crime.
SURVEY STUDY ON DYSCALCULIA SUPPORT IN SCHOOLS
Authors: Kauts Deepa Sikand , Dadwal Kirti .
Published: February 2023

In this study, an attempt was made to analyze it’s a survey method of an educational support process that helps pupils with dyscalculia. In this study, we assessed the support provided by Private and Government Schools to dyscalculia students in Amritsar District. The survey method has been used for the study and random sampling technique has been adopted to select a sample of 30 Schools and self-developed tool was used to measure school support and teachers’ awareness of dyscalculia. The result revealed that there is little gap between school support and teachers’ awareness of dyscalculia regarding the type of schools. The important fact to be recorded is that teachers in private schools provide extra support to students with dyscalculia to help them stay on track in mathematics class, handle homework and deal with tests in the classroom and use cooperative learning method for students with dyscalculia compared to government teachers.
PROBLEMS OF FEMALE TEACHERS IN ZILLA PARISHAD (ZP) SCHOOL OF NANDED DISTRICT (MH)
Authors: Shinde Tanaji  Digambar
Published: February 2023

In the world it is universally recognized that the “mother is the first school and first teacher of child” so education is continuing process from the minute we are born until die. Hence, female school teachers play a vital role in the all-round development of a child in primary schools of zillaparishad and there is facing various problems by female school teachers in government primary school. To increase the number of women teachers in primary schools, importance should be given to overcome the problems of women teachers. In the present paper is an attempt to highlight the role and status of female school teacher in primary education and problems of women teachers and measures for removing theproblems of female school teacher of zillaparishadof Nanded district in rural area.
वैदिक वाड.मय में लोकतन्त्र की अवधारणा
Authors: शर्मा सीमा   रानी
Published: February 2023

भारत एक लोकतांत्रिक देश है। वैदिक साहित्य में लोकतंात्रिक उन्नत विचार दुनिया में हजारों वर्ष पूर्व ही प्रदर्शित किये जा चुके हैं, उस समय जब लोग कबीलों में रहा करते थें वेदों में लोकतंत्र की अवधारणा के अनेक सन्दर्भ प्रस्तुत किये गये हैं। जिनमें सभा, समिति, पंचजना जैसी लोकतांत्रिक अवधारणाओं की व्याख्या अति प्राचीन है। असंख्य संस्कृत रचनांए समय-समय पर मानव को सही दिशा की ओर ले जाती हैं। वैदिक साहित्य में प्राचीन लोकतंत्र के सन्दर्भ भलिभांति देखने को मिलते हैं। यही कारण है कि वेदों को सृष्टि के आदि संविधान की संज्ञा दी जाती है। राजतंत्र के सभी प्राचीन सन्दर्भों में भी राजधर्म को सभी धर्मों का सार तत्व माना गया है। यही नहीं गणतंत्र को राजधर्म का अमूल्य कारक भी बताया गया है। इससे स्पष्ट है लोकतंत्र की बात हो या गणतंत्र की वैदिक साहित्य दोनों के विचार को दर्शाता है।
प्रकाश का परावर्तनर: दृष्टिबाधित विज्ञान विद्यार्थियों के अनुभव
Authors: कुमार सौरभ  . , बाजपेयी सुहासिनी .
Published: February 2023

इस शोध पत्र में माध्यमिक स्तर के दृष्टिबाधित विद्यार्थियों के लिए प्रकाश की अवधारणा को अनुकूलित मॉडल के माध्यम से प्रस्तुत किया गया है। इस शोध का मुख्य उद्देश्य दृष्टिबाधित विद्यार्थियों को अनुकूलित मॉडल से गतिविधि के द्वारा प्रकाश के परावर्तन के नियम का अधिगम कराकर उनके अनुभव जानना था । प्रस्तुत शोध में असंभाव्यता प्रतिदर्शन की उद्देश्यपूर्ण प्रतिदर्शन तकनीक के माध्यम से दृष्टिबाधितार्थ आदर्श विद्यालय; राष्ट्रीय दृष्टि दिव्यांगजन सशक्तिकरण संस्थानए देहरादूनद्ध में सत्र 2021.22 के कक्षा 10 के विज्ञान वर्ग के 05 विद्यार्थियों का चयन किया गया। प्रकाश से संबंधित अनुकूलित गतिविधि का प्रयोग कर शोध कार्य के उद्देश्य की पूर्ति हेतु स्व.निर्मित दृष्टिबाधित विद्यार्थियों के लिए समूह साक्षात्कार अनुसूची द्वारा प्रदत्त संकलन किया गया। प्रदत्त संकलन के पश्चात प्रदत्तों के विश्लेषण के लिए गुणात्मक शोध प्रविधि की घटना क्रिया विश्लेषण के अन्तर्गत कोडिंग करके 2 विषय ;थीमद्ध के अनरूप विभक्त कर गुणात्मक विश्लेषण तथा विवेचन किया गया। प्रदत्तों के विश्लेषण में पाया गया कि प्रयोगशाला में प्रयोग के दौरान अनुकूलित सहायक सामग्री का उपयोग विद्यार्थियों की क्रियाशीलता को बढ़ावा देता है। मॉडल की सुवाह्यता ;पोर्टेबिलिटीद्ध के कारण उपयोगकर्ता इसे कहीं भी ले जा सकते हैं। मॉडल ऐसी सामग्रियों से बना है जो दृष्टिबाधित विद्यार्थी की किसी भी संवेदी इन्द्रिय को नुकसान नहीं पहुंचाते हैं । इससे प्राप्त अनुभव विद्यार्थियों के लिहाज से वास्तविक परिस्थितियों के काफी नज़दीक हैं। यह अनुकूलित गतिविधि दृष्टिबाधित विद्यार्थियों को आश्वस्त करती है कि पाठ्यपुस्तकों में प्रस्तुत की गयीं गतिविधियों के लिए उनकी समान स्पर्शनीय तथा श्रवणीय पहुंच हो सकती है तथा उन्हें दृष्टिवान विद्यार्थियों के समान अवसर प्रदान करती है।
इंटर्नशिप कार्यक्रम के प्रति सरकारी एवं गैर-सरकारी डीण्एलण्एडण् शिक्षा संस्थानों के प्रशिक्षुओं की प्रतिक्रिया का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन
Authors: कुमार अषोक  .
Published: February 2023

प्रस्तुत शोध अध्ययन में वर्णनात्मक शोध की सर्वेक्षण विधि का प्रयोग कर इंटर्नषिप कार्यक्रम के प्रति सरकारी एवं गैर-सरकारी डी॰एल॰एड॰ षिक्षा संस्थानों के प्रषिक्षुओं की प्रतिक्रिया का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन किया गया। शिक्षा कार्यक्रम में इंटर्नशिप गतिविधि के प्रति प्रशिक्षुओं की प्रतिक्रिया हेतु सरकारी डी॰एल॰एड॰ संस्थानों के 50 प्रशिक्षुओं को तथा गैर-सरकारी डी॰एल॰एड॰ संस्थानों के 50 प्रशिक्षुओं को यादृच्छिक विधि के द्वारा से चुना गया। प्रषिक्षुओं की विचारों को जानने के लिए लिकर्ट की तीन बिन्दु पर आधारित स्वनिर्मित दृष्टिकोण मापनी का प्रयोग किया गया। संकलित संमकों के सांख्यिकीय विष्लेषण हेतु प्रतिषत सांख्यिकी का प्रयोग किया गया। निष्कर्ष के रूप में पाया गया कि सरकारी एवं गैर-सरकारी प्रषिक्षण संस्थानों के प्रषिक्षुओं के इंटर्नषिप कार्यक्रम के प्रति विचारों में समानता पायी गयी।
RIGHTS OF WOMEN AGAINST CUSTODIAL RAPE- CONSTITUTIONAL ASPECT
Authors: Shinde Jyoti Bhimrao
Published: February 2023

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THE END OF MAN: THE ANTI-ANTHROPOCENTRIC VISION IN ISHIGURO’S “NEVER LET ME GO”
Authors: Priyadarsini Preeti  .
Published: February 2023

The paper focuses on exploring Kazuo Ishiguro's novel 'Never Let Me Go' using the theme of posthumanism. The objective would be to make an analogy between humanism and posthumanism and concentrate upon the shifting of focus or decentering from the human to the other non- human entities and study through different perspectives other than the human. The persistent shifting of borders to include a greater number of brings in the network or web of existence is the key matter running throughout the paper. The ever plying transcendence towards the frontier or periphery and no concrete demarcation between the ontological boundaries is the aspect that we need to give light to and make our subject of study. How Ishiguro's novel does so even without making use of the very term posthumanism is to be looked upon with an amazing sense of wonder. What draws more attention is how schools of thought resemble highlighting a similitude and cutting borders.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PROFESSIONAL ATTITUDE OF M.ED. STUDENTS STUDYING IN GOVERNMENT-AIDED AND SELF-FINANCED INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Gupta Ramendra Kumar , Gupta Rakhi
Published: February 2023

Quality education depends upon the quality of teachers. Teacher education plays an important role in the development of quality education. The National Council for Teacher’s Education has the responsibility to continuously strive for improving the quality of teachers’ education in the country. It is essential to have a professional attitude towards any profession. My objective of this paper is to compare the professional attitude of M.Ed. students towards the teaching profession. It is a survey study. The normative survey research method is used. “Teaching attitude inventory” by S.P. Ahluwalia is used for the research. The test is administered on the sample of 100 M.Ed. students of government-aided & self-financed colleges. The mean scores are considered and the ‘t’ value is calculated to find the difference in the professional attitude of M.Ed. students of government-aided & self-financed colleges towards the teaching profession. Findings are that M.Ed. students (male & female) belonging to aided & self-financed institutions do not differ significantly in their professional attitudes.