bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Developing an in-depth understanding of patient and caregiver engagement across care transitions from hospital: protocol for a qualitative study exploring experiences in Canada
Authors: Elliott Jacobi , van Wyk Paula , Butler Roy , Giosa Justine L , Sims Gould Joanie , Tong Catherine E , Taabazuing Mary Margaret , Johnson Helen , Coyne Paige , Mitchell Fallon , Whate Alexandra , Callon Anne , Carson Judith , Stolee Paul
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Patient and caregiver engagement is critical, and often compromised, at points of transition between care settings, which are more common, and more challenging, for patients with complex medical problems. The consequences of poor care transitions are well-documented, both for patients and caregivers, and for the healthcare system. With an ageing population, there is greater need to focus on care transition experiences of older adults, who are often more medically complex, and more likely to require care from multiple providers across settings. The overall goal of this study is to understand what factors facilitate or hinder patient and caregiver engagement through transitions in care, and how these current engagement practices align with a previously developed engagement framework (CHOICE Framework). This study also aims to co-develop resources needed to support engagement and identify how these resources and materials should be implemented in practice.

Methods and analysis

This study uses ethnographic approaches to explore the dynamics of patient and caregiver engagement, or lack thereof, during care transitions across three regions within Ontario. With the help of a front-line champion, patients (n=18–24), caregivers (n=18–24) and healthcare providers (n=36–54) are recruited from an acute care hospital unit (or similar) and followed through their care journey. Data are collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews. Workshops will be held to co-develop strategies and a plan for future implementation of resources and materials. Analysis of the data will use inductive and deductive coding techniques.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics clearance was obtained through the Western University Research Ethics Board, University of Windsor Research Ethics Board and the University of Waterloo Office of Research Ethics. The findings from this study are intended to contribute valuable evidence to further bridge the knowledge to practice gap in patient and caregiver engagement through care transitions. Findings will be disseminated through publications, conference presentations and reports.
Protective guidelines and mitigation strategies for hot conditions in professional football: starting 11 Hot Tips for consideration
Authors: Gouttebarge Vincent , Duffield Rob , den Hollander Steve , Maughan Ron
Published: July 2023

Elevated heat, humidity and solar load combined with low air movement independently and additively impair performance, increase the perception of effort and the risk of heat-related illnesses. For the specific context of professional football, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) heat guidelines are often used as the default policy. Still, these seem less protective than guidelines in other sports or from countries traditionally exposed to extreme hot conditions. Following several high-profile international and continental competitions played in hot conditions (eg, 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil), a series of cross-sectional studies showed that national team players and their managers unanimously mentioned that the hot and humid conditions during these matches made it difficult as a team to perform. Such a concern is likely to be relevant for the upcoming 2026 FIFA World Cup that will be held in the traditional June–July window across 16 host cities in Canada, Mexico and USA. Therefore, to better protect players’ health and performance during training and match play in hot conditions, we present our starting 11 Hot Tips that should be considered and facilitated by governing bodies, competition organisers, clubs, staff members and players.
Green HPTLC-method to estimate trans-Cinnamaldehyde in Ayurvedic formulation Sitopaladi Churna
Authors: Parihar Arun K. S. , Sahu Umakant , Karbhal K. S. , Inchulkar S. R. , Gupta Prashant Kumar , Mahapatra Arun Kumar , Chauhan N. S.
Published: July 2023

Traditional medicine is a preferred home remedy for common cold, cough, allergic conditions, etc. in South East Asia. Ayurveda, originated in India, has a long history of treating upper respiratory disorders. Sitopaladi churn (powder) is one of the most sold “over-the-counter” herbal medicine for upper respiratory ailments cure. Quality control and validation is a hindrance for Ayurvedic product development. This study was conducted to estimate and validate for quantitative study of trans-Cinnamaldehyde in Ayurvedic medicine Sitopaladi Churna (SPC) through high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method. The quantitative study was performed at the wavelength 294[Formula: see text]nm and validated as per ICH guidelines. The content of trans-Cinnamaldehyde in SPC was found to be 0.093%. Green HPTLC method is simple and sensitive for standardization and is validated for trans-Cinnamaldehyde in Sitopaladi powder. This method would add a different approach for quality control and assay of SPC.
Construction of Mizo: English Parallel Corpus for Machine Translation
Authors: Haulai Thangkhanhau , Hussain Jamal
Published: July 2023

Parallel corpus is a key component of statistical and Neural Machine Translation (NMT). While most research focuses on machine translation, corpus creation studies are limited for many languages, and no research paper on a Mizo–English corpus exists yet. A high-quality parallel corpus is required for Natural Language Processing activities including machine translation, Chatbots, Transliteration, and Cross-Language Information Retrieval. This work aims to investigate parallel corpus creation techniques and apply them to the Mizo–English language pair. Another goal is to test machine translation on the newly constructed corpus. We contributed to LF Aligner tool to support Mizo language for Mizo sentence alignment in corpus development. Our effort created the first large-scale Mizo–English parallel corpus with over 529K sentences. The pre-processed corpus was used for Mizo-to-English NMT. It was evaluated using BLEU, Character F1 Score (ChrF), and Translation Edit Rate (TER) scores. Our system achieved BLEU 45.08, ChrF 65.36, and TER 41.16, setting a new benchmark for Mizo-to-English translation.
A Global Perspective on the Upper Branch of the Hadley Cell
Authors: Hoskins B. J. , Yang G.-Y.
Published: July 2023

The global perspective presented here is built on earlier papers discussing the dynamics of the upper branch of the Hadley cell in the two solsticial seasons. The role of the tropics is made explicit in a conceptual model that is presented and evaluated. The fluctuation of deep tropical convection in longitude and time is seen as crucial. The filamentary outflows from such convective events move westward and across the equator deep into the winter hemisphere. The horizontal tilt of the cross-equatorial flow implies a significant upper-tropospheric flux of westerly momentum from the winter tropics to the summer hemisphere. These properties are related to the cross-equatorial propagation of wave activity triggered by deep tropical convection in the summer hemisphere. The filaments carry with them near-equatorial values of absolute vorticity and potential vorticity. After turning anticyclonically, some filaments move eastward and poleward to the equatorial edge of the winter subtropical jet. There is strong evidence they can interact with the eddies on this jet and enhance their poleward westerly momentum flux. In the global perspective, tropical and extratropical systems and the interaction between them are all important for the dynamics of the upper branch of the Hadley cell.

significance statement

The Hadley cell is the large-scale overturning in the atmosphere with air in the upper troposphere moving from the equatorial region to near 30° in the winter hemisphere. In the standard view it is midlatitude weather systems that are responsible for removing angular momentum from this upper branch of the Hadley cell. Here it is proposed that tropical systems and their interaction with the midlatitude systems are also important. Insight into the role of the tropics in the dynamics of the Hadley cell can be obtained by considering it as the sum of many events of active deep convection occurring in different longitudes and at different times.
Spectrometric Assessment of Generic and Brand Drug Quality for a Sentinel Screening Network
Authors: Isaacs James T. , Almeter Philip J. , Henderson Bradley S. , Hunter Aaron N. , Platt Thomas L. , Lodder Robert A.
Published: July 2023

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a worldwide leader among analogous regulatory organizations in other countries. The FDA uses current good manufacturing practices to regulate the processes that produce drugs. Nevertheless, investigative journalists have pointed out problems in the drug supply, and pharmacies are not required to test the drugs they receive. The University of Kentucky Drug Quality Study does perform screening on the sterile injectable drugs that it receives and regularly reports new findings to FDA, practitioners, and the public. A Sentinel Screening Network of academic health systems could provide independent data on drug quality to FDA not available through manufacturers.
How Orchestration Both Generates and Reduces Polyphony in Narrative Strategy-Making
Authors: Vaara Eero , Rantakari Anniina
Published: July 2023

Although we have seen a growing interest in participatory strategy-making, there is a paucity of knowledge about the role of polyphony and how it may be orchestrated. Our longitudinal analysis of a revealing case shows how narrative strategy-making unfolded in four temporally overlapping phases: First, a top-down effort to lead participatory strategy-making resulted in polyphony, which was nevertheless largely controlled from the top. Second, it was followed by autonomous narrative strategy-making in units, leading to polyphony that was less but still partly controlled from the top. Third, all this triggered an emergence of counternarratives offering alternatives to the overall narrative, thus generating ‘genuine’ polyphony not controlled from the top. Fourth, partly as a response, top decision-makers launched an update, again seizing more control in polyphony. Thus, our study advances prior research by elucidating how orchestration of participatory strategy-making both generates and reduces polyphony. By so doing, our analysis helps us to move from a dichotomous view of participation and openness towards a more nuanced appreciation of alternative voices and how they may or may not emerge or be controlled in strategy-making.
Decision Tree Analysis for Developing Weigh-in-Motion Spectra in the Californian Pavement Management System (PaveM)
Authors: Kim Changmo , Lea Jeremy D. , Harvey John T. , Kannekanti Venkata
Published: July 2023

Weigh-in-motion (WIM) devices record vehicle axle loads on highways. WIM data include axle loads, inter-axle spacings, vehicle classification, gross vehicle weights, vehicle length, and travel speed. Pavement design, management, and performance studies all require WIM data, directly as a spectrum or indirectly as standard axles. In 2016, 132 WIM devices were operating on California’s highway network, one of the densest and best-maintained clusters in the United States. The University of California Pavement Research Center (UCPRC) has been working with these data since 2002, and it completed the analysis of data collected from 1998 to 2003 in 2008. This research investigated similarities in axle load distributions at the WIM sites and grouped them to generate traffic inputs for pavement design. This paper is an extension of that work, including processing the 2004–2015 data from 80 WIM sites, identifying the axle load distribution for each site, updating the original groupings, and developing a new procedure to assign WIM spectra to other locations. For the past 11 years, axle loads and gross vehicle weight showed similar patterns, but average truck speeds decreased by 11%. A combination of clustering and cut-tree analysis was used to create a decision tree to classify the stations’ data into five WIM axle load spectra. The methodology has been used to compute traffic for the entire network used in the Caltrans pavement management system, PaveM. An application tool was also developed for generating truck traffic input files for the CalME and PavementME design tools.
Delayed presentation of vincristine extravasation
Authors: Ghaffary Saba , Gholami Nasrin , Samankan Sama , Pourkarim Fariba
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Vincristine is a vesicant chemotherapeutic agent which may leak from the vessel at the infusion site to the perivascular tissue and cause extravasation. Extravasation, a severe complication of chemotherapeutic drugs, can result in tissue necrosis that is considered an oncological emergency.

Case report

We aimed to report a case of a 29-year-old woman with ALL-B cell (Acute lymphoblastic leukemia) on maintenance chemotherapy regimen including vincristine, methotrexate, prednisolone, and 6-mercaptopurine (POMP). 48 h after administering intravenous vincristine, the patient experienced burning, pain and tenderness at the injection site (left hand – cubital cavity).

Management & outcome

7 days after the onset of symptoms, the patient was hospitalized with a large brown lesion at the site. She was prescribed betamethasone cream, DSMO (Dimethyl sulfoxide) solution, and oral levofloxacin on his second day after admission. The lesion was completely improved 10 days after initiation of therapy and there were no serious problems.

Discussion

Due to the ineffectiveness of antidote therapy for the management of delayed extravasation of vincristine and beneficial effect of our clinical approach, it could consider for the management of similar cases with delayed extravasation following vincristine administration.
The experience premium and women’s nomination to local elections in South Africa’s African National Congress party
Authors: Farole Safia Abukar , Sari-Genc Elif
Published: July 2023

What explains women’s underrepresentation in first-past-the-post compared to at-large elections? While existing studies emphasize candidate experience or party nomination to competitive districts, we argue that local party selectors are more likely to desire women to have a type of political experience that signals their connection to the national party. To test our argument, we use a novel dataset of over 10,000 local candidates nominated by South Africa’s African National Congress party. In South Africa’s Mixed Member Proportional system, we find that compared to men, women are more likely to be nominated in FPTP elections after having previous experience as PR councillors. Previous PR experience is distinct from other forms of experience such as incumbency, and contextual factors such as pre-electoral intra-party violence do not explain women’s nomination to FPTP seats. These findings contribute to our understanding of how electoral systems impact parties’ nomination of female candidates at the local level.
Dynamic modeling of cylindrical roller bearings by considering non-through defects and additional forces
Authors: Li Xinbin , Liu Jing , Shi Zhifeng , Xu Yajun , Zhang Yu
Published: July 2023

Cylindrical roller bearings are essential components in rotating mechanical systems, and ensuring their reliable operation is importance. Accurate modeling of cylindrical roller bearing defects is therefore crucial for enabling effective predictive maintenance strategies in various industries. However, previous studies have overlooked the presence of additional forces that occur when rollers enter and exit non-through defects, leading to inaccuracies in bearing vibration calculations. This work proposes a novel model that captures the bearing vibrations during this process, by considering the defect edge feature of the cylindrical roller bearings. The contact force between the roller and the defective ring is calculated by using the non-ideal Hertzian contact theory, while the additional force is characterized by a time-varying function based on the geometric relationship and Hertzian contact theory. To validate the proposed model, comparison work is carried out between the contact forces calculated using this model and those obtained from existing models, demonstrating the significance of the additional force during the process of rollers entering and exiting non-through defects. Furthermore, the effects of the outer ring defect width, length, and edge angle on cylindrical roller bearing vibrations are investigated and discussed. Compared with the previous studies, this work considers both the additional forces caused by the defect and defect edge feature, and combines the non-ideal Hertzian contact theory to obtain a more reasonable dynamic of the defective cylindrical roller bearings.
Determinants of Industry Herding in the Indian Stock Market
Authors: Madaan Veena , Panda Laxmidhar
Published: July 2023

Herding can cause stock market volatility and its presence among foreign institutional investors (FIIs) can severely affect the equity market. Therefore, this research endeavors to estimate the industry-level herding by FIIs. Further, repercussions of trading volume, industry returns, and conditional volatility on herding have been analyzed in the study. In addition, the level of FIIs herding has been estimated during upswing and downswing markets, rising and falling trading volume, and conditional volatility market states. Herding was estimated using a count-based herd ratio after the global meltdown period. The empirical findings are based on the daily data from January 2010 to December 2019. The results confirmed herding in the Indian equity exchange. The outcomes revealed that buy-side herding was more predominant than sell-side herding in all industries. These findings indicate that the Indian security market is a lucrative investment destination for FIIs. The research disclosed that industrial returns are a vital parameter to derive FII herding. Therefore, this research can be used for price discovery at the industry level. Trading volume and conditional volatility demonstrate an inverse relationship with FIIs herding. Furthermore, the research also reveals that herding was more severe before the structural break period except for the construction sector.
Management of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms by yoga: an overview
Authors: Laplaud Nina , Perrochon Anaïck , Gallou-Guyot Matthieu , Moens Maarten , Goudman Lisa , David Romain , Rigoard Philippe , Billot Maxime
Published: July 2023

Background

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can occur after trauma. While PTSD management strategies include first-line pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, mind–body therapies, such as yoga, are applied in the PTSD population. This overview aimed to summarize the effectiveness of yoga interventions on PTSD symptoms in adults in a systematic review (SR) including randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Method

We searched for SR with or without meta-analysis of RCTs involving adults with PTSD diagnosis or trauma history. The search was conducted until April 2022, through six databases (Cochrane Database, MEDLINE (Pubmed), Scopus, Embase, CINHAL and PEDro). The primary outcome was the evolution of PTSD symptoms throughout the intervention. Secondary outcomes included follow-up, safety, adherence, and cost of the intervention. Two authors independently performed the selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment with the AMSTAR 2 tool and overlap calculation. This overview is a qualitative summary of the results obtained in the selected studies.

Results

Eleven SRs were analyzed, of which 8 included meta-analyses. The overlap between studies was considered very high (corrected covered area of 21%). Fifty-nine RCTs involving 4434 participants were included. Yoga had a significant small-to-moderate effect-size on PTSD symptom decrease in 7 SRs and non-significant effects in 1 SR with meta-analysis. All SR without meta-analysis found beneficial effects of yoga on PTSD. Secondary outcomes were not sufficiently assessed to provide clear evidence. Results should be interpreted with caution as 1 SR was rated as at moderate risk of bias, 3 as low and 7 as critically low.

Conclusions

While yoga therapy seems promising for decreasing PTSD symptoms, future research should standardize yoga therapy duration/frequency/type and consider long-term efficacy to better delineate yoga therapy efficacy in PTSD patients.
Beyond canonical PROTAC: biological targeted protein degradation (bioTPD)
Authors: Wang Huifang , Zhou Runhua , Xu Fushan , Yang Kongjun , Zheng Liuhai , Zhao Pan , Shi Guangwei , Dai Lingyun , Xu Chengchao , Yu Le , Li Zhijie , Wang Jianhong , Wang Jigang
Published: July 2023

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) is an emerging therapeutic strategy with the potential to modulate disease-associated proteins that have previously been considered undruggable, by employing the host destruction machinery. The exploration and discovery of cellular degradation pathways, including but not limited to proteasomes and lysosome pathways as well as their degraders, is an area of active research. Since the concept of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) was introduced in 2001, the paradigm of TPD has been greatly expanded and moved from academia to industry for clinical translation, with small-molecule TPD being particularly represented. As an indispensable part of TPD, biological TPD (bioTPD) technologies including peptide-, fusion protein-, antibody-, nucleic acid-based bioTPD and others have also emerged and undergone significant advancement in recent years, demonstrating unique and promising activities beyond those of conventional small-molecule TPD. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in bioTPD technologies, summarize their compositional features and potential applications, and briefly discuss their drawbacks. Moreover, we present some strategies to improve the delivery efficacy of bioTPD, addressing their challenges in further clinical development.
Prolonged RT-PCR test positivity in hemodialysis patients with COVID-19
Authors: Alfano Gaetano , Morisi Niccolò , Ferri Camilla , Fontana Francesco , Giovanella Silvia , Ligabue Giulia , Mori Giacomo , Franceschini Erica , Ferrari Annachiara , Gregorini Mariacristina , Cappelli Gianni , Tagliazucchi Sara , Pecorari Monica , Guaraldi Giovanni , Magistroni Riccardo , Donati Gabriele
Published: July 2023

Background

The weakened immune system of patients on hemodialysis (HD) may prolong SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to the general population. Current international guidelines recommend ending isolation in conjunction with serial testing in moderately and severely immunocompromised subjects. This study aimed to estimate SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by measuring RT-PCR test positivity in HD patients. A comparison between RT-PCR test and cycle threshold (Ct) value has been performed as a secondary endpoint.

Methods

A single-center retrospective study was conducted at the University of Modena (Italy) from March 2020 to October 2022. Only patients on chronic HD therapy with COVID-19 were enrolled in the study. In our HD Center, two negative nasopharyngeal reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results were used to end quarantine in this population. SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test positivity duration measured the time elapsed from a positive RT-PCR to a second negative test. Ct cut-off of 35 cycles was used to definite “high Ct value,” a condition characterized by a large number of cycles of PCR amplification to register a positive RT-PCR test.

Results

During the observational period, 159 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections were diagnosed in 151 patients. Median age was 70.1 (54.3–81.6) years and males accounted for 59.6% of the COVID-19 population. Median duration of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test positivity on the nasal mucosa accounted for 30 (IQR, 21–40.5) days. Unvaccinated patients experienced significantly longer RT-PCR test positivity compared to vaccinated patients (42 [IQR,31–56] vs. 28 [IQR,20–35.7] days; p =  < 0.001). The use of high Ct value, a laboratory surrogate of SARS-CoV-2 replication, anticipated a negative RT-PCR test of 9 (IQR, 6–12) days. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that increased age (β coefficient 0.31; confidence interval [CI] 95%, 0.14—0.43; p =  < 0.001) and the lack of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (β 0.49 CI95%, 11.9–22.5; p =  < 0.001) were predictors of a prolonged RT-PCR positivity.

Conclusions

Patients with COVID-19 on HD had prolonged RT-PCR test positivity. The adoption of “high Ct value” criteria led to a significant reduction in the duration of RT-PCR test positivity compared to the use of the classical nucleic acid amplification test. In our study, the lack of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and older age were independently associated with a longer RT-PCR positivity.
Group combined failure in tension of extended hollo blind bolts using numerical finite element method
Authors: Guo Yongchang
Published: July 2023

The structural hollow sections (SHS) have several advantages comparing with the open sections. However, the application of the SHS in the industry is limited due to the traditional bolt connection and cannot be used for the SHS as the inaccessibility to the inside of section. Several blind bolt systems were developed to overcome this problem and the EHB is the modified version of one of the blind bolt systems.

This project aims to investigate the behaviour of the Extended Hollo-bolt (EHB) connection under combined failure mode with a focus on the influence of the bolt pitch distance by using test data and Finite Element (FE) models and to propose an analytical model for the connection. The EHB connection is between a SHS column filled with concrete and a beam made of an open section. Two rows of EHB were embedded in concrete filled SHS and tested under tension.

FE models were created and validated by tests data and they were used to investigate the aforementioned aims. It is found that pitch distance has a significant influence on the strength of the connection as increase of the pitch distance increases the strength of the connection until a critical value. An analytical model was also proposed for the connection.
Case Report: Abdominal tuberculosis presenting as abdominal mass
Authors: Jalan Shyam , Anjankar Ashish , Wanjari Mayur
Published: July 2023

Among the most prevalent types of extrapulmonary TB is abdominal (TB). The diagnosis of abdominal TB is difficult. This disorder is thought to be a good imitator of other abdominal illnesses. To reduce morbidity and mortality, early diagnosis, antitubercular medication start-up, and surgical treatment are crucial. Only seldom is surgery necessary because most patients benefit from antitubercular therapy. Imaging is crucial to the diagnosis and care of these individuals. The following patient, aged about 53 years old female, complained of stomach pain, vomiting, loss of appetite, and weight loss when she first arrived. A swollen ileocaecal junction with a cystic lesion was discovered on an ultrasound of the whole abdomen. The patient received antitubercular medication for six months, and she responded favorably to it.
Attitudes and habits regarding brain training applications and games among Japanese consumers: a preliminary cross-sectional study
Authors: Robb Nigel
Published: July 2023

Background: While there is now a large amount of research investigating whether brain training applications and games are effective or not, there is less research on the expectations, attitudes, and habits of potential users of brain training programs. Previous research suggests that people generally have positive beliefs about the effectiveness of brain training which are not dependent on their level of experience of brain training. However, this research has primarily focused on western participants.

Methods: In the present study, a questionnaire was used to investigate the attitudes and habits of Japanese consumers towards brain training. The final sample contained responses from 818 people. In addition to descriptive statistics, correlation coefficients were calculated to determine if there were relationships between variables relating to participants' beliefs about brain training and experience of using brain training.

Results: Participants had positive beliefs about the effectiveness of brain training. However, these beliefs were negligibly or weakly correlated with their level of experience of using brain training, both in terms of the number programs used (Pearson's r = 0.163) and duration of use (Pearson's r = 0.237). The most widely used brain training program (used by 52.93% of participants) was made by Nintendo for the handheld Nintendo DS games console.

Conclusions: The research presented here supports previous findings which suggest that people's beliefs about the effectiveness of brain training software are not strongly related to their experience of using such software.
A Study on the Socioeconomics of Imperata Grassland Managers at Dargakona Village, Barak Valley, Assam, Northeast India
Authors: Ashim Das Astapati  , Ashesh Kumar Das
Published: July 2023

Socioeconomic profile of farmers has great implications in present days for providing insight into demography, education, income and management of bio-resources. The small scale farmers of rural regions have indeed conserved the indigenous and traditional facts since past generations that eventually redefined as traditional ecological knowledge. Hence, keeping in view, the socioeconomic structure of the villages in Barak Valley region, the grassland managers of agricultural communities could be recognized as a great storehouse of traditional knowledge that play a vital role towards various land recuperation processes. The study was carried out at Dargakona village, Barak Valley, Assam, northeast India with an objective to identify factors that regulate the socioeconomic characteristics of rice farmers and measures to be adopted for improvement of their status. Data were collected from 48 households that were randomly sampled through questionnaire survey and structured interview schedule. The dominant inhabitants of the village were Deshawali (56.30%), Bardhamani (36.70%) and Koibarta (7%) in order of their proportionate share of the population. The average family size indicated almost identical size among the population below 14 years as well as above 30 years of age. Education status expressed low rate of literacy with 41% had no experience of school learning. Roofing pattern of houses indicated maximum use of thatch grass as raw material. The age of the grasslands varied from 10 years to more than 40 years. The rice farmers classified four soil types i.e. ‘lal’, ‘balu’, ‘athail’ and ‘citta’. Majority (50%) of the respondents were found with marginal land holdings of one bigha or less. About 23% of the farm natives briefed that the yield of their grasslands amounts to 1000 gollas (a local unit for cash transaction) of dried leaves per annum. Although much of the farmers are in favor of grassland management but still there are people who wants replacement with plantation of economically important species. The Imperata grasslands are generally managed for both subsistence and income generation. The study concluded that there is an urgent need of Government, NGO and other stakeholders to intervene and study the issues and challenges of the small scale farmers. Thereafter, proper policies may be formulated in restoration of the degraded grasslands and improving the socioeconomic status of the village communities residing in Barak Valley, Assam, northeast India.
A hybrid solution for spatial light modulators with a large space-bandwidth product: opinion
Authors: Chen Rui , Tara Virat , Singh Anna-Wirth , Saxena Abhi , Fröch Johannes E. , Reynolds Matthew S. , Majumdar Arka
Published: July 2023

Increasing the space-bandwidth product of spatial light modulators incurs severe issues in terms of power consumption, mutual crosstalk, and control signal wiring. In this opinion article, we propose a novel system to overcome these challenges by marrying energy-efficient modulators in photonic integrated circuits (PICs) and a meta-optical beam aggregator. This hybrid approach can significantly improve the space-bandwidth product, theoretically up to 1013 Hz · pixel, which is several orders of magnitude higher than the state-of-the-art.
Fine scale human mobility changes within 26 US cities in 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with distance and income
Authors: Arambepola Rohan , Schaber Kathryn L. , Schluth Catherine , Huang Angkana T. , Labrique Alain B. , Mehta Shruti H. , Solomon Sunil S. , Cummings Derek A. T. , Wesolowski Amy
Published: July 2023

Human mobility patterns changed greatly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite many analyses investigating general mobility trends, there has been less work characterising changes in mobility on a fine spatial scale and developing frameworks to model these changes. We analyse zip code-level within-city mobility data from 26 US cities between February 2 –August 31, 2020. We use Bayesian models to characterise the initial decrease in mobility and mobility patterns between June—August at this fine spatial scale. There were similar temporal trends across cities but large variations in the magnitude of mobility reductions. Long-distance routes and higher-income subscribers, but not age, were associated with greater mobility reductions. At the city level, mobility rates around early April, when mobility was lowest, and over summer showed little association with non-pharmaceutical interventions or case rates. Changes in mobility patterns lasted until the end of the study period, despite overall numbers of trips recovering to near baseline levels in many cities.
Examining the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Marketing and Business Performance: A Study on the E-commerce Industry in Egypt
Authors: Abdelsalam Omar , Kortam Wael
Published: July 2023

Information technology is considered to be one of the major contemporary forces pushing for globalisation, being an essential instrument for businesses supporting their tasks of strategic planning, cost control and overall business operations ( Laudon & Laudon, 2010). Since 2019, the world has been witnessing an upsurge with respect to internet usage and online shopping (Gohary, 2019). Consequently, the percentage of people engaging in e-commerce activities such as buying consumer goods, has been globally increasing by more than 8% reaching roughly 1.8 Billion people (Gohary, 2019). The disciplines of marketing and entrepreneurship have been perceived as two very distinguished ones from each other. The linkage between both disciplines is known by the name of “Entrepreneurial Marketing” (Rashad, 2018). The research utilized a quantitative approach in which data was collected from 123 respondents whom provided answers to an already reliable and validated scale and results were analysed statistically using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Additionally, the research employed a qualitative approach with regards to data collected in which 5 In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with entrepreneurs and marketing managers of start-ups from within the E-commerce industry whom are responsible for the marketing decisions of their ventures. Results of the study showed that the different dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing proved to be related to business performance differently than one another, meaning that not all dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing are to be previewed as similar stimuli for either financial business performance of non-financial business performance
Soziale Theologie des Kindes
Authors: Sedmak Clemens
Published: July 2023

Der Artikel skizziert die Idee der Vorstellungskraft wie auch der theologischen Vorstellungskraft, die für eine Theologie des Kindes eine entscheidende Rolle spielt. In kirchlichen Texten, etwa der Katholischen Soziallehre, ist die Vorstellungskraft mitunter eng geführt, was zu einem dürren Verständnis von Kindern und Kindsein führt. Die theologische Vorstellungskraft kann von Erfahrungshorizonten wie auch von biblischen Texten vertieft und ausgeweitet werden. Dabei spielt die ›Diät an Beispielen‹ eine wichtige Rolle, was anhand Ian Browns Beschreibung seines schwer behinderten Sohnes und anhand der biblischen Geschichte der Tochter des Jiftach illustriert wird. Abschließend wird die Vorstellungskraft bemüht, um den Gedanken der fundamentalen Gleichheit zwischen Erwachsenen und Kindern auszudrücken und die Diskurse und Praktiken in Bezug auf Kinder zu dekolonialisieren.
Modeling energy consumption for the generation of microfibres from bleached kraft pulp fibres in a PFI mill
Authors: Chakraborty Ayan , Sain Mohini M. , Kortschota Mark T. , Ghosh Subrata B.
Published: July 2023

The objective of this paper is to model the energy consumed in generating cellulose microfibres, 1 μm in diameter, as reinforcing agents, by refining bleached softwood kraft pulp in a PFI mill. An average initial fibre diameter of 13 μm was assumed. 125,000 revolutions in a PFI mill was found to produce a high yield of fibres 1.3 μm in diameter, and the minimum refining energy needed to reduce the fibre diameter to 1.3 μm was estimated as 1875 kJ for each 24 g charge in the PFI mill. Since elastic deformation of the fibres was found to be negligible, the size reduction was assumed to follow Rittinger’s Law. This gave a Rittinger’s constant of 28 J.m/kg for the given system. Using this value of Rittinger’s constant, the energy required to generate microfibres 1 μm in diameter was predicted as 2480 kJ for each 24 g charge in the PFI mill. It was deduced that microfibres generated in this way would cost a minimum of $2.37 per kilogram. Hence even this relatively inefficient method of grinding would not be prohibitively expensive, provided the resulting microfibres can be used as high quality reinforcements.
RELIGIOUS DOGMA IN SEBASTIÁN LELIO’S THE WONDER (2022)
Authors: Hanifah Anisa , Hkikmat Mahi M. , Nurholis Nurholis
Published: July 2023

Religious issues that are no longer relevant to modern living are represented in The Wonder (2022) film by Sebastián Lelio. This research aims to unravel the Religious Dogma in the film by focusing on examining the religious situation of Irish society in the nineteenth century. Tracing the religious life of the Irish community in the nineteenth century, where the majority adhered to Roman Catholicism, this research uses the sociology of literature method. In more detail, this research applies Max Weber's theory of the sociology of religion approach. The Wonder film entirely is the research data, but specifically, the writer takes the socio-religious context, screenshots from several scenes, and film dialogues as the secondary data. So it can be said that data collection in this research used documentation and literature study techniques. Analysis of the sociology of religion in The Wonder (2022) film by Sebastián Lelio is still rare to find, so this research is essential so that it can add to criticism resources of the sociology of literature. Aside from that, the results of this research are that the modernization and logicalization of religion can occur along with times of development and the relevance of public interest.
Short- and long-term outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and acute kidney injury
Authors: Khruleva Yu. V. , Efremovtseva M. A. , Timofeeva Yu. A. , Vatsik-Gorodetskaya M. V. , Kobalava Zh. D.
Published: July 2023

Aim. To evaluate the impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) on in-hospital (death) and long-term outcomes (rehospitalization or death within 30 days; death within 180 days) in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Material and methods. The registry of patients with COVID-19 was analyzed to identify risk factors (RFs) for mortality. Discharged patients were included in a prospective study. Outcomes were assessed by telephone contacts.

Results. The study included 1000 patients. The mortality rate was 20,8%, while AKI was registered in 29,6% of patients. According to multi­variate analysis, AKI, regardless of other risk factors, increased the risk of death (hazard ratio (HR), 1,62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1,08-2,44, p=0,02). The prospective part included 691 patients. We revealed that 10% were rehospitalized or died within 30 days, while independent risk factors were age >65 years (HR, 2,72, 95% CI: 1,47-5,01, p=0,001) and AKI in the acute phase of COVID-19 (HR, 1,67, 95% CI: 1,00-2,80, p=0,05). In addition, 6% of patients died within 180 days, while AKI was the risk factor for death according to univariate analysis; the only independent predictor was age >65 years (HR, 5,96, 95% CI: 2,26-15,72, p<0,001).

Conclusion. AKI during the acute period of COVID-19, independently of other risk factors, more than 1,5 times increases the risk of mortality and the risk of adverse outcome within 30 days after discharge.
Cysticercosis in free-ranging agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina) in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Souza Alex Junior Souza de , Malheiros Andreza Pinheiro , Chagas André Antônio Corrêa das , Alves Max Moreira , Bernal Marcella Katheryne Marques , Carneiro Liliane Almeida , Gomes-Gouvêa Michele Soares , Nunes Heloisa Marceliano
Published: July 2023

Abstract The study describes the occurrence of cysticercosis in liver of 22 wild agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina) in the Brazilian Amazon. The phylogenetic analysis and microscopic characteristics of metacestodes in liver tissue sections, associated with the geographic distribution of the intermediate hosts indicated that a possibly novel Taenia sp. metacestode caused the parasitism. Additionally, two cases of hepatic co-infection by Taenia sp., Calodium sp. and Echinococcus oligarthra were also observed among the analyzed animals. The results point to the need for a better understanding of hepatotropic parasites among wild rodents in the Brazilian Amazon.
Modern aspects of infusion therapy: review
Authors: Khalikova Elena Yu. , Zolotova Elizaveta N. , Shtanev Zahar D.
Published: July 2023

The infusion therapy is a routine procedure of the nowadays perioperative period and critical patient treatment. But there are controversial questions about the quantity, quality, start and duration of infusion therapy, which are under discussion. Modern infusion therapy includes intravenous administration of crystalloid solutions and more rarely colloid solutions. The type, amount and rate of infusion fluid depends on the indication for infusion therapy and the specific requirements of the patient. Nowadays colloidal solutions have limited indications. Crystalloid solutions are used for infusion therapy of patients with hypovolemia or dehydration, correction of free water deficiency, correction of electrolyte disorders, replenishment of ongoing fluid losses and replacement for patients who unable to drink water orally. All patients should be monitored with combination of clinical parameters and laboratory tests. Therapeutic endpoints should be determined. The moment these endpoints are achieved fluid therapy should be appropriately de-escalated in order to avoid overhydration.
Treatment of urethral trauma in penile fracture
Authors: Shanava Gocha Sh. , Mosoyan Mkrtich S. , Sivakov Alexey A. , Shanava Georgii G.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: Penile fracture is a rare injury that most often occurs during intercourse. In 238 % of cases, a penile fracture is accompanied by an injury to the urethra.
AIM: To determine rational treatment of patients with urethral injuries of varying severity as a result of a penile fracture.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retrospective group of the study included 8 patients in whom a penile fracture was accompanied by an injury to the urethra. Among them, in 6 (75%) patients, along with a rupture of the albuginea and urethra, unilateral damage of cavernous body was observed. The severity of trauma to the penis and urethra was assessed according to the classification of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST).
RESULTS: According to the diagnostic results, the fracture of the penis in all patients corresponded to the grade III according to the AAST classification. Urethral injury in 7 patients was grade III, and one was grade I according to the AAST classification. Patients with grade III urethral injury underwent primary urethral plastic surgery. A patient with grade I was treated conservatively. In all patients the bladder was drained with a urethral catheter. Penile fracture was treated surgically in all cases.
CONCLUSIONS: A penile fracture associated with urethral trauma always requires immediate surgical treatment. In case of injuries of the urethra III grade according to AAST, the urethral catheter installation and conservative management are indicated. In case of injury of the urethra III, IV, V grade according to AAST, urgent primary urethroplasty is necessary. Damage to the corpora cavernosa and albuginea require surgical treatment after restoration of the integrity of the urethra.
Comparative Analysis of Text Vectorization Methods
Authors: Sineglazov Victor , Savenko Illia
Published: July 2023

The paper considers methods of vectorization of textual properties of natural language in the context of the task of intellectual text analysis. The most common methods of statistical analysis of feature extraction and methods that taking into account the context are analyzed. The work describes the above types of text embeddings and their most common variations and implementations. Their comparative analysis was performed, which showed the relationship between the type of task of intellectual text analysis and the method showing the best metrics. The topology of the neural network, which is the basis for solving the problem and obtaining metrics, is described, and implemented. The comparative analysis was carried out using the relative time analysis of the theory of algorithms and classification metrics: accuracy, f1-score, precision, recall. The classification metrics are taken from the results of building a neural network model using the described framing methods. As a result, in the task of analyzing the tonality of the text, the statistical method of framing based on n-grams of character sequences turned out to be the best.
Брачный договор в РФ: правовая сущность и проблемы реализации
Authors: Виноградова Е.В.
Published: July 2023

В работе исследуется правовую сущность брачного договора в России и проблемы его реализации. Раскрыта историческая основа и развитие института, анализируется роль нотариусов при заключении и исполнении договора. Определены проблемы, включая низкую осведомленность, несбалансированность условий и сложности исполнения. Результаты исследования представляют значимость брачного договора и рекомендации для совершенствования его практической реализации.
Понятие и признаки несостоятельности (банкротства) юридических лиц
Authors: Горячев А.В.
Published: July 2023

В настоящей статье приводится краткая история возникновения института банкротства в истории российского права, формулируется авторское определение понятия «несостоятельность (банкротство)», обозначается нормативная база регулирования несостоятельности (банкротства) юридических лиц, определяются признаки банкротства. Также дается краткое описание основных новелл в законодательстве об несостоятельности (банкротстве), введенных в 2022 году.