bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regenerating Stormwater Infrastructure into Biophilic Urban Assets. Case Studies of a Sump Garden and a Sump Park in Western Australia
Authors: Cabanek Agata , Zingoni de Baro Maria Elena , Byrne Joshua , Newman Peter
Published: May 2021

The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the old modernist engineering technologies, such as single purpose stormwater infiltration basins, can be transformed into quality environments that integrate ecological and social functions and promote multiple sets of outcomes, including biodiversity restoration, water management, and cultural and recreational purposes, among other urban roles. Using the principles and theories of biophilic urbanism, regenerative design, and qualitative inquiry, this article analyzes and discusses the actors, drivers, strategies, constraints, and values motivating the stakeholders to reinvent Perth’s stormwater infrastructure through two local case studies. The “WGV sump park” was developed through a public-private partnership, including professional consultants with community input, and the “Green Swing sump garden” was an owner-builder community-driven project involving volunteers, who maintain it. The results of this research suggest that both projects are successful at managing stormwater in a way that creates multiple community and biodiversity benefits. Communities could gain improved access to nature, social interaction, health, and well-being if local governments support these alternative approaches to regenerate underutilized stormwater infrastructure by promoting biophilic interventions. Mainstreaming this design approach identified some issues that may arise during the implementation of this biophilic urban approach, and the paper suggests ways to enhance the wider delivery of regenerative and biophilic design into urban planning, involving volunteer delivery and maintenance for small scale projects and fully professional assessments for large scale projects.
Trendline Assessment of Solar Energy Potential in Hungary and Current Scenario of Renewable Energy in the Visegrád Countries for Future Sustainability
Authors: Kumar Baibhaw , Szepesi Gábor , Čonka Zsolt , Kolcun Michal , Péter Zsolt , Berényi László , Szamosi Zoltán
Published: May 2021

This article aims to present some opportunities for improved solar energy utilization by raising the share of renewables in energy generation in the Visegrád Countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary). The analysis is based on the status of the renewable energy targets in the member countries and their future possibilities. This paper derives input through a thorough investigation of independent data, government policies, European Commission reports, and other data available online with free access. The analysis is processed by focusing on Hungary, as a country with various possible facets of solar energy demand and supply in the region. The assessment methodology is in the context of a geographical map, technical regression analysis, temperature distribution profiles, and the relative trends of solar potential in Hungary. The country currently has ten solar power plants with more than 10 MWp, and five remarkable plants under 10 MWp capacity spread over Hungary. The analysis on geographical aspects clubbed with technical and solar affecting parameters was carried out to harvest the sustainable potential of solar energy in the region. This study attempts to establish a relationship between the current and future prospects of solar energy in Hungary as a nation, and as part of the Visegrád countries, based on assessment for a sustainable future.
Energy Refurbishment of Family Houses in Serbia in Line with the Principles of Circular Economy
Authors: Kosanović Saja , Miletić Mirjana , Marković Ljubo
Published: May 2021

To achieve material efficiency, the ongoing initiative to improve thermal properties of family houses in the Republic of Serbia should include harmonization with internationally established and nationally adjusted principles of circular economy. The overall aim of this study was to propose a methodology for optimal decision making between alternative materials and components for energy refurbishment of façades in existing family houses. Together with developed criteria, and their belonging indicators, the methodology was tested on selected case study houses located in the central zone of the city of Belgrade. Using the VIKOR method, five suggested scenarios and three sub-scenarios for façade thermal upgrades were assessed against five determined types of criteria: Economic Cost, Function, Circularity Features, Appearance, and Innovativeness. Obtained results—ranking lists of proposed scenarios—indicate that the optimal solution for energy refurbishment of façades in existing houses could include polyurethane insulation material in combination with the wooden window frames and low-E insulation glass. In future research, it will be necessary to introduce an additional assessment criterion related to the ecological quality of proposed scenarios, as the study revealed that a gap between circularity-related quality, and ecological sustainability, of building materials could be significant.
Overview of Biodiesel Combustion in Mitigating the Adverse Impacts of Engine Emissions on the Sustainable Human–Environment Scenario
Authors: Ogunkunle Oyetola , Ahmed Noor A.
Published: May 2021

Air pollution is a precursor to many health issues such as difficulty breathing, asthma, lung and heart diseases, and cancer. This study presents a concise view of biodiesel combustion in mitigating pollutant emissions which are generated by the combustion of fossil fuels, thereby eliminating the negative effects on human health and the environment. Gaseous pollutants such as carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and carbon dioxide are found to be major exhaust emissions from vehicles running on fossil fuels. Excessive exposure to these pollutants was found to be a precursor to reductions in life expectancy via health complications in humans. Greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector were found to be 24% of total annual emissions, 74.5% of which came from the combustion of fossil fuel in road vehicles. Biodiesel combustion in vehicular engines is established to be a control technology in reducing gaseous pollutants toward building a sustainable and healthy human–environment scenario. The emissions reduction index from the United States National Biodiesel Board showed that the combustion of biodiesel wholly as a transportation fuel decreased total hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon, and sulfur emissions by 67%, 80%, 48%, and 100%, respectively. Evaluation of emission results from topical literature strongly suggests that the use of biodiesel is effective in the reduction in pollutants, which is beneficial to human and environmental sustainability.
Urban Sustainability at the Cost of Rural Unsustainability
Authors: Huang Guangwei
Published: May 2021

Urban sustainability refers to building and maintaining cities that can continue to function without running out of resources. However, growing cities require more land and urban sprawl has transformed surrounding rural areas into urbanized settlements. Furthermore, the prosperity of large cities depends on the supply of both natural and human resources from rural areas, either nearby or remote. On the other hand, the use of resources of rural areas by cities may cause negative externalities to rural areas, affecting their sustainability. Therefore, a critical, but very much neglected issue, is how unban sustainability should be pursued without affecting rural sustainability. In this study, cases in Japan and China were analyzed from resources and population migration perspectives to provide evidence for the possibility that urban sustainability might have been pursued at the cost of rural unsustainability. It was intended to develop a better understanding of urban sustainability through the lens of externalities. Based on the analysis, a new framework for urban sustainability study was proposed, which consists of three new pillars. Namely, externality, vulnerability, and population instability.
Indicators and Framework for Measuring Industrial Sustainability in Italian Footwear Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Mengistu Azemeraw Tadesse , Panizzolo Roberto
Published: May 2021

As small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have limited resources, they need a manageable number of indicators that are simple and easy to use for measuring sustainability performance. However, the lack of suitable indicators tailored to industry needs, particularly for SMEs, has been a major challenge in measuring and managing industrial sustainability. Our study aims to empirically analyze and select the useful and applicable indicators to measure sustainability performance in Italian footwear SMEs. To achieve this objective, we proposed a methodological approach to identify, analyze and select sustainability indicators. First, we carried out a systematic review to identify potential sustainability indicators from the literature. Then, we developed a questionnaire based on the identified indicators and pre-tested it with selected industrial experts, scholars, and researchers to further refine the indicators before collecting data. We applied the fuzzy Delphi method to analyze and select the final indicators. Based on a sample of 48 Italian footwear SMEs, the results of our study show that product quality, material consumption, and customer satisfaction were the top priorities among the selected indicators for measuring the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of industrial sustainability, respectively. The selected indicators stressed the measuring of industrial sustainability performance associated with financial benefits, costs, market competitiveness, resources, customers, employees, and the community. Our study proposed a framework that helps to apply the selected indicators for measuring sustainability performance in SMEs. Finally, our study contributes to the existing theory and knowledge of industrial sustainability performance measurement by providing indicators supported by empirical evidence and a framework to put the indicators into practice in the context of SMEs.
Estimation of Daily Water Table Level with Bimonthly Measurements in Restored Ombrotrophic Peatland
Authors: Gutierrez Pacheco Sebastian , Lagacé Robert , Hugron Sandrine , Godbout Stéphane , Rochefort Line
Published: May 2021

Daily measurements of the water table depth are sometimes needed to evaluate the influence of seasonal water stress on Sphagnum recolonization in restored ombrotrophic peatlands. However, continuous water table measurements are often scarce due to high costs and, as a result, water table depth is more commonly measured manually bimonthly with daily logs in few reference wells. A literature review identified six potential methods to estimate daily water table depth with bimonthly records and daily measurements from a reference well. A new estimation method based on the time series decomposition (TSD) is also presented. TSD and the six identified methods were compared with the water table records of an experimental peatland site with controlled water table regime located in Eastern Canada. The TSD method was the best performing method (R2 = 0.95, RMSE = 2.48 cm and the lowest AIC), followed by the general linear method (R2 = 0.92, RMSE = 3.10 cm) and support vector machines method (R2 = 0.91, RMSE = 3.24 cm). To estimate daily values, the TSD method, like the six traditional methods, requires daily data from a reference well. However, the TSD method does not require training nor parameter estimation. For the TSD method, changing the measurement frequency to weekly measurements decreases the RMSE by 16% (2.08 cm); monthly measurements increase the RMSE by 13% (2.80 cm).
Analyzing the Effect of Parasitic Capacitance in a Full-Bridge Class-D Current Source Rectifier on a High Step-Up Push–Pull Multiresonant Converter
Authors: Bilsalam Anusak , Ekkaravarodome Chainarin , Chunkag Viboon , Thounthong Phatiphat
Published: May 2021

This paper presents an analysis on the effect of a parasitic capacitance full-bridge class-D current source rectifier (FB-CDCSR) on a high step-up push–pull multiresonant converter (HSPPMRC). The proposed converter can provide high voltage for a 12 VDC battery using an isolated transformer and an FB-CDCSR. The main switches of the push–pull and diode full-bridge rectifier can be operated under a zero-current switching condition (ZCS). The advantages of this technique are that it uses a leakage inductance to achieve the ZCS for the power switch, and the leakage inductance and parasitic junction capacitance are used to design the secondary side of the resonant circuit. A prototype HSPPMRC was built and operated at 200 kHz fixed switching frequency, 340 VDC output voltage, and 250 W output power. In addition, the efficiency is equal to 96% at maximum load. Analysis of the effect of the parasitic junction capacitance on the full-bridge rectifier indicates that it has a significant impact on the operating point of the resonant tank and voltage. The proposed circuit design was verified via experimental results, which were found to be in agreement with the theoretical analysis.
Review of Optimization Dynamically Applied in the Construction and the Application Potential of ICT
Authors: Liu Boda , Yang Bin , Xiao Jianzhuang , Zhu Dayu , Zhang Binghan , Wang Zhichen , Dong Miaosi
Published: May 2021

Currently, construction projects are getting more complex, applying more information and communication technologies (ICT), while few studies use real-time data to dynamically optimize construction. The purpose of this article is to study the current development status of the optimization applied dynamically in the construction phase and their potential for applying real data collected by ICT. This article reviews 72 relevant optimization methods and identified some of the ICT research studies that can provide them with dynamic data. The dynamic triggering mode of each research is first analyzed, then its dynamic way, dynamic data, data resource, optimization object, and method are identified and formulated. The results reveal the great value of dynamic optimization in dealing with the complicated and uncertain contextual conditions in construction. Different dynamic triggering modes have different affinities with real data. Then, through the analysis of ICT articles, the huge potential of these dynamic optimization methods in applying real data is shown. This paper points out the most practical dynamic mode for engineers or managers to continuously apply optimization methods to solve dynamic problems in construction, and put forward scientific questions for related researchers: How does one combine ICT with the event dynamics or uncertain parameters? Based on this, the research gap of this area is identified a conceptual solution is proposed.
Rethinking Teacher Education Policy in ICT: Lessons from Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Korea
Authors: Choi Hyunyoung , Chung Soh-Young , Ko Jangwan
Published: May 2021

This paper examines ICT policy in education with a particular focus on teachers’ engagement in emergent remote teaching (ERT) during the initial COVID-19 school closure in South Korea. It involves a documentary analysis of newspaper articles on “starting school online” from the highest read daily newspapers published in South Korea, through which three issues regarding teachers and teaching are identified: teachers’ digital competency, teachers’ sense of professional identity, and the revalorisation of the teacher role. Discussion of the three issues points to the need to reflect on and rethink the government’s policies for ICT in education. This paper provides an overview of the ICT policies to show their overall inadequacy with respect to providing teachers with the necessary training and framework for technology-related professional development. It highlights the need to understand the changing nature of teaching and learning in a digital education environment and it suggests a possible redesign of the education and training provisions to teachers to support their professional competency in the digital age.
Effects of Crop and Grass Intercropping on the Soil Environment in the Karst Area
Authors: Xu Qinqin , Xiong Kangning , Chi Yongkuan , Song Shuzhen
Published: May 2021

The karst area in Southwest China is facing the challenges of environmental degradation and agricultural safety. Intercropping is a green and efficient planting mode that can make full use of the differences in crops’ physiological and ecological characteristics and land and climate resources while considering the environmental and yield benefits. This study selected five treatments: Salvia miltiorrhiza monoculture, Dactylis glomerata intercropped with S. miltiorrhiza, Cichorium intybus intercropped with S.miltiorrhiza, Trifolium repens intercropped with S.miltiorrhiza, and Lolium perenne intercropped with S.miltiorrhiza. Using one-way ANOVA, principle component analysis (PCA), and linear correlation analysis, we analyzed the changes in the soil physicochemical factors and the coupling relationship between them in the intercropping mode. The results showed that at different soil depths, the soil bulk density in the intercropping mode was significantly lower than that in the single cropping mode (p < 0.05), and the soil water content and total porosity were significantly increased (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in soil pH among the five models (p > 0.05), the content of soil organic matter was significantly higher than that in the single cropping mode (p < 0.05), and the content of nitrogen and phosphorus also showed different changes. The correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the pH and soil physical properties (p > 0.05); bulk density and chemical properties were negatively correlated, while the soil water content, field water-holding capacity, and total porosity were significantly positively correlated with the chemical properties (p > 0.05). Therefore, it is suggested to strengthen the management of agricultural grass intercropping, improve soil pore structure, regulate the distribution of soil water and fertilizer, and improve the resilience of agricultural systems in the karst area of southwest China.
Solutions to Nonlinear Evolutionary Parabolic Equations of the Diffusion Wave Type
Authors: Kazakov Alexander
Published: May 2021

The article deals with nonlinear second-order evolutionary partial differential equations (PDEs) of the parabolic type with a reasonably general form. We consider the case of PDE degeneration when the unknown function vanishes. Similar equations in various forms arise in continuum mechanics to describe some diffusion and filtration processes as well as to model heat propagation in the case when the properties of the process depend significantly on the unknown function (concentration, temperature, etc.). One of the exciting and meaningful classes of solutions to these equations is diffusion (heat) waves, which describe the propagation of perturbations over a stationary (zero) background with a finite velocity. It is known that such effects are atypical for parabolic equations; they arise as a consequence of the degeneration mentioned above. We prove the existence theorem of piecewise analytical solutions of the considered type and construct exact solutions (ansatz). Their search reduces to the integration of Cauchy problems for second-order ODEs with a singularity in the term multiplying the highest derivative. In some special cases, the construction is brought to explicit formulas that allow us to study the properties of solutions. The case of the generalized porous medium equation turns out to be especially interesting as the constructed solution has the form of a soliton moving at a constant velocity.
Cyclic Control Optimization Algorithm for Stirling Engines
Authors: Paul Raphael , Hoffmann Karl Heinz
Published: May 2021

The ideal Stirling cycle describes a specific way to operate an equilibrium Stirling engine. This cycle consists of two isothermal and two isochoric strokes. For non-equilibrium Stirling engines, which may feature various irreversibilities and whose dynamics is characterized by a set of coupled ordinary differential equations, a control strategy that is based on the ideal cycle will not necessarily yield the best performance—for example, it will not generally lead to maximum power. In this paper, we present a method to optimize the engine’s piston paths for different objectives; in particular, power and efficiency. Here, the focus is on an indirect iterative gradient algorithm that we use to solve the cyclic optimal control problem. The cyclic optimal control problem leads to a Hamiltonian system that features a symmetry between its state and costate subproblems. The symmetry manifests itself in the existence of mutually related attractive and repulsive limit cycles. Our algorithm exploits these limit cycles to solve the state and costate problems with periodic boundary conditions. A description of the algorithm is provided and it is explained how the control can be embedded in the system dynamics. Moreover, the optimization results obtained for an exemplary Stirling engine model are discussed. For this Stirling engine model, a comparison of the optimized piston paths against harmonic piston paths shows significant gains in both power and efficiency. At the maximum power point, the relative power gain due to the power-optimal control is ca. 28%, whereas the relative efficiency gain due to the efficiency-optimal control at the maximum efficiency point is ca. 10%.
Is the Cyanobacterial Bloom Composition Shifting Due to Climate Forcing or Nutrient Changes? Example of a Shallow Eutrophic Reservoir
Authors: Le Moal Morgane , Pannard Alexandrine , Brient Luc , Richard Benjamin , Chorin Marion , Mineaud Emilien , Wiegand Claudia
Published: May 2021

Cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic freshwater is a global threat to the functioning of ecosystems, human health and the economy. Parties responsible for the ecosystems and human health increasingly demand reliable predictions of cyanobacterial development to support necessary decisions. Long-term data series help with identifying environmental drivers of cyanobacterial developments in the context of climatic and anthropogenic pressure. Here, we analyzed 13 years of eutrophication and climatic data of a shallow temperate reservoir showing a high interannual variability of cyanobacterial development and composition, which is a less occurring and/or less described phenomenon compared to recurrant monospecific blooms. While between 2007–2012 Planktothrix agardhii dominated the cyanobacterial community, it shifted towards Microcystis sp. and then Dolichospermum sp. afterwards (2013–2019). The shift to Microcystis sp. dominance was mainly influenced by generally calmer and warmer conditions. The later shift to Dolichospermum sp. was driven by droughts influencing, amongst others, the N-load, as P remained unchanged over the time period. Both, climatic pressure and N-limitation contributed to the high variability of cyanobacterial blooms and may lead to a new equilibrium. The further reduction of P-load in parallel to the decreasing N-load is important to suppress cyanobacterial blooms and ameliorate ecosystem health.
National Antibiotic Consumption for Human Use in Sierra Leone (2017–2019): A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kanu Joseph Sam , Khogali Mohammed , Hann Katrina , Tao Wenjing , Barlatt Shuwary , Komeh James , Johnson Joy , Sesay Mohamed , Vandi Mohamed Alex , Tweya Hannock , Timire Collins , Abiri Onome Thomas , Thomas Fawzi , Sankoh-Hughes Ahmed , Molleh Bailah , Maruta Anna , Harries Anthony D.
Published: May 2021

Monitoring antibiotic consumption is crucial to tackling antimicrobial resistance. However, currently there is no system in Sierra Leone for recording and reporting on antibiotic consumption. We therefore conducted a cross-sectional study to assess national antibiotic consumption expressed as defined daily dose (DDD) per 1000 inhabitants per day using all registered and imported antibiotics (categorized under the subgroup J01 under the anatomical and therapeutic classification (ATC) system) as a proxy. Between 2017–2019, total cumulative consumption of antibiotics was 19 DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day. The vast majority consisted of oral antibiotics (98.4%), while parenteral antibiotics made up 1.6%. According to therapeutic/pharmacological subgroups (ATC level 3), beta-lactam/penicillins, quinolones, and other antibacterials (mainly oral metronidazole) comprised 65% of total consumption. According to WHO Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe), 65% of antibiotics consumed were Access, 31% were Watch, and no Reserve antibiotics were reported. The top ten oral antibiotics represented 97% of total oral antibiotics consumed, with metronidazole (35%) and ciprofloxacin (15%) together constituting half of the total. Of parenteral antibiotics consumed, procaine penicillin (32%) and ceftriaxone (19%) together comprised half of the total. Policy recommendations at global and national levels have been made to improve monitoring of antibiotic consumption and antibiotic stewardship.
Reduced Bacterial Counts from a Sewage Treatment Plant but Increased Counts and Antibiotic Resistance in the Recipient Stream in Accra, Ghana—A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Adomako Lady A. B. , Yirenya-Tawiah Dzidzo , Nukpezah Daniel , Abrahamya Arpine , Labi Appiah-Korang , Grigoryan Ruzanna , Ahmed Hawa , Owusu-Danquah Josiah , Annang Ted Yemoh , Banu Regina A. , Osei-Atweneboana Mike Y. , Timire Collins , Tweya Hanock , Ackon Stephen E. D. , Nartey Emmanuel , Zachariah Rony
Published: May 2021

Wastewater treatment plants receive sewage containing high concentrations of bacteria and antibiotics. We assessed bacterial counts and their antibiotic resistance patterns in water from (a) influents and effluents of the Legon sewage treatment plant (STP) in Accra, Ghana and (b) upstream, outfall, and downstream in the recipient Onyasia stream. We conducted a cross-sectional study of quality-controlled water testing (January–June 2018). In STP effluents, mean bacterial counts (colony-forming units/100 mL) had reduced E. coli (99.9% reduction; 102,266,667 to 710), A. hydrophila (98.8%; 376,333 to 9603), and P. aeruginosa (99.5%; 5,666,667 to 1550). Antibiotic resistance was significantly reduced for tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, and ceftazidime and increased for gentamicin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, and imipenem. The highest levels were for amoxicillin/clavulanate (50–97%) and aztreonam (33%). Bacterial counts increased by 98.8% downstream compared to the sewage outfall and were predominated by E. coli, implying intense fecal contamination from other sources. There was a progressive increase in antibiotic resistance from upstream, to outfall, to downstream. The highest resistance was for amoxicillin/clavulanate (80–83%), cefuroxime (47–73%), aztreonam (53%), and ciprofloxacin (40%). The STP is efficient in reducing bacterial counts and thus reducing environmental contamination. The recipient stream is contaminated with antibiotic-resistant bacteria listed as critically important for human use, which needs addressing.
Dual R108K and G189D Mutations in the NS1 Protein of A/H1N1 Influenza Virus Counteract Host Innate Immune Responses
Authors: Huang Meng-Ting , Zhang Sen , Wu Ya-Nan , Li Wei , Li Yu-Chang , Zhou Chang-Shuai , Kang Xiao-Ping , Jiang Tao
Published: May 2021

Influenza A viruses (IAV) modulate host antiviral responses to promote growth and pathogenicity. Here, we examined the multifunctional IAV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of influenza A virus to better understand factors that contribute to viral replication efficiency or pathogenicity. In 2009, a pandemic H1N1 IAV (A/California/07/2009 pH1N1) emerged in the human population from swine. Seasonal variants of this virus are still circulating in humans. Here, we compared the sequence of a seasonal variant of this H1N1 influenza virus (A/Urumqi/XJ49/2018(H1N1), first isolated in 2018) with the pandemic strain A/California/07/2009. The 2018 virus harbored amino acid mutations (I123V and N205S) in important functional sites; however, 108R and 189G were highly conserved between A/California/07/2009 and the 2018 variant. To better understand interactions between influenza viruses and the human innate immune system, we generated and rescued seasonal 2009 H1N1 IAV mutants expressing an NS1 protein harboring a dual mutation (R108K/G189D) at these conserved residues and then analyzed its biological characteristics. We found that the mutated NS1 protein exhibited systematic and selective inhibition of cytokine responses via a mechanism that may not involve binding to cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor 30 (CPSF30). These results highlight the complexity underlying host–influenza NS1 protein interactions.
Insecticides and Drought as a Fatal Combination for a Stream Macroinvertebrate Assemblage in a Catchment Area Exploited by Large-Scale Agriculture
Authors: Let Marek , Špaček Jan , Ferenčík Martin , Kouba Antonín , Bláha Martin
Published: May 2021

This case study documents responses in a headwater macroinvertebrate assemblage to insecticide pollution and hydrological drought. In 2014, the Doubravka brook (Czech Republic) was damaged by a large overflow of a mixture of chlorpyrifos (CPS) and cypermethrin (CP). In 2016–2017, this brook was then affected by severe drought that sometimes led to an almost complete absence of surface water. We found significant relationships between the strength of both these disturbances and the deeper taxonomic levels of both the overall macroinvertebrate assemblage (classes) and the arthropod assemblage alone (orders and dipteran families), as well as the functional feeding groups (FFGs). The CPS-CP contamination was mostly negatively correlated to arthropod and non-arthropod taxa and was positively correlated only with FFG collector-gatherers; on the other hand, the drought was negatively correlated to Simuliidae, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, and the FFG of grazer-scrapers and passive filterers. Drought conditions correlated most positively with Isopoda, Ostracoda, Heteroptera, adult Coleoptera, and predator and active filterer FFGs. The chosen eco-indicators (SPEARpesticides, SPEARrefuge, BMWP, and EPT) used as support information reveal the poor ecological status of the whole assemblage, including the control site, the cause of which is most likely to be the exploitation of the adjacent catchment area by large-scale agriculture. This type of agricultural exploitation will undoubtedly affect macroinvertebrate assemblages as a result of agrochemical and soil inputs during run-off events and will also exacerbate the effect of droughts when precipitation levels drop.
Impacts of Large-Scale Groundwater Exploitation Based on Long-Term Evolution of Hydraulic Heads in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mazeda , Van Camp Marc , Hossain Delwar , Sarker Md. Mizanur Rahman , Khatun Shahina , Walraevens Kristine
Published: May 2021

Dhaka city has emerged as the fastest-growing megacity, having more than 20 million inhabitants, with a growth rate of 3.62%. Unplanned and rapid urbanization, coupled with exponential population growth, has significantly altered the groundwater dynamics in Dhaka city. This study concentrates on the evolution of long-term piezometric heads of the Upper Dupi Tila aquifer (UDA) and the Middle Dupi Tila aquifer (MDA) based on long-term hydrographs, piezometric maps and synthetic graphical overviews of piezometric trends. Due to over-exploitation, the piezometric level (PL) has declined deeper than −85 and −65 m PWD (Public Works Department reference datum) in UDA and MDA, respectively. The highest rate of decline was observed in the south-central to southeastern parts of the city both in UDA (4.0 m/year) and MDA (5.74 m/year). The results clearly show that the rates of decline in PL vary from 2.25 to 5.74 m/year in both aquifers of the city, and urban expansion has greatly affected the shape and extent of the depression cone over the past four decades. The magnitudes of the depression cones in both aquifers seem to pose a considerable threat to groundwater resources, indicating that the current exploitation is not sustainable at all.
Музыкальные стриминг-сервисы в России - тактика форсированного наступления
Authors:   Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации, Ибрагимов Даниил Айдынович
Published: May 2021

В статье исследованы и выявлены причины изменения структуры музыкального рынка, приведшие к росту популярности потоковых музыкальных сервисов. Проведен сравнительный анализ наиболее значимых стриминговых сервисов на российском рынке, а также их уникальных конкурентных преимуществ, позволивших эффективно реализовать стратегию форсированного наступления на рынок и постепенно вытеснять пиратский теневой сегмент.
Характеристика деятельности корейских ТНК в современных условиях развития
Authors:   Федеральный научный центр аграрной экономики и социального развития сельских территорий - институт экономики сельского хозяйства, Рагулина Юлия Вячеславовна , Карпухин Иван Михайлович ,   ООО "Градус-Климата"
Published: May 2021

В статье анализируются особенности развития ключевых игроков экономики Южной Кореи – чеболей, которые стали лидерами по производству наукоемкой продукции и превратились в транснациональные корпорации, которым принадлежит существенная доля мирового рынка. Исследованы и определены ключевые стратегические линии современного этапа функционирования Samsung, Hyundai, LG и POSCO, а также влияние пандемии на их ключевые показатели.
Процессная модель регулирования деятельности территориальных сетевых организаций по передаче электрической энергии
Authors:   Национальный исследовательский университет ", Лозенко Валерий Константинович ,   МЭИ", Шведова Валентина Юрьевна ,   Национальный исследовательский университет "МЭИ"
Published: May 2021

В статье предложена и описана процессная модель регулирования деятельности территориальных сетевых организаций, в которой, в отличие от существующей сегодня, принятие регуляторных решений осуществляется четко «сверху вниз» без пересечения потоков информации. Сначала устанавливаются целевые показатели регулирования на макроэкономическом уровне, поддерживающие достижение целей устойчивого развития, принятых государствами-членами ООН в 2015 г. Далее на основе эмпирических зависимостей осуществляется распределение целевых показателей регулирования по субъектам РФ. На последнем уровне регулирование деятельности территориальных сетевых организаций осуществляется на основе сопоставления показателей деятельности территориальных сетевых организаций, полученных из независимых источников информации, с целевыми показателями. Такая модель регулирования имеет четкую структуру, позволяет повысить объективность и снизить ресурсоемкость принятия регуляторных решений.
Влияние выбросов СО2 на цены СПГ и трубопроводного газа "Газпрома" в Европе и мире (аналитический обзор)
Authors:   ООО ", Кузовкин Анатолий Ильич ,   Институт микроэкономики"
Published: May 2021

В ноябре 2021 г. состоится климатический саммит стран-участниц Парижского соглашения по климату. Необходимо учитывать, что энергоемкость и углеродоемкость получения СПГ из сланцевого газа в процессе его сжижения и транспортировки могут быть значительными и малоэффективными. Углеродонейтральный СПГ добавляет «зеленую премию» в цену СПГ в размере 17-37% стоимости груза СПГ на текущем спотовом рынке. «Зеленая премия» может быть оценена в диапазоне от 0,8–1,7 долл. США/ММbtu или 10-20 долл. США/т СО2 для удаления СО2 из СПГ. В статье показано, что при поставках в Европу углеродоемкость американского СПГ в 3 раза выше, чем трубопроводного газа России.
Оценка качества оказания медицинской помощи на основе анкетирования
Authors:   Российский университет дружбы народов, Абдульмянова Гульсиня Равильевна
Published: May 2021

В статье определены основные направления оценки качества медицинской деятельности. На основе анкетирования проанализированы и систематизированы основные проблемы оказания медицинской помощи в медицинской организации. Проведена оценка качества услуг в онкологическом отделении одной из больниц г. Москвы.
Plan de marketing 2.0 para impulsar las ventas en franquicia de alimentos
Authors: Cabeza Mariana , Gahona Dalia
Published: May 2021

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general elaborar un Plan de Marketing 2.0 para una franquicia de comida rápida, ubicada en el Municipio Naguanagua del Estado Carabobo, Venezuela. El estudio presenta la importancia de que una empresa maneje un Plan de Marketing, ya que hoy en día el uso eficiente de las redes sociales es parte de la gestión gerencial para poder impulsar las ventas de la organización. Metodológicamente se apoyó en una investigación descriptiva de campo, enmarcada en un proyecto factible. En virtud de los resultados se realizó la propuesta de un Plan de Marketing 2.0 con la finalidad de mejorar la captación de nuevos clientes y el aumento en el volumen de ventas.

ABSTRACT

This research had the general objective of preparing a Marketing 2.0 Plan for a fast food franchise, located in the Naguanagua Municipality of Carabobo State, Venezuela. The study shows the importance of a company managing a Marketing Plan, since today the efficient use of social networks is part of managerial management in order to drive sales for the organization. Methodologically it was based on a descriptive field research, framed in a feasible project. By virtue of the results, a proposal for a Marketing 2.0 Plan was made in order to improve the recruitment of new customers and the increase in sales volume.
Organización del inventario en las empresas filiales de PDVSA industrial
Authors: Cabrita Nelson
Published: May 2021

Se analizó el proceso de organización de inventario en las empresas filiales de PDVSA Industrial, bajo una investigación descriptiva, con diseño de campo, no experimental y transeccional. La población estuvo conformada por los gerentes, líderes y supervisores de las empresas filiales de PDVSA Industrial, ubicadas en los municipios Cabimas y Lagunillas de la Costa Oriental del Lago. Para la recolección de datos se empleó la encuesta mediante un cuestionario, conformado por 9 ítems con escala de frecuencia. La validez se realizó a través del juicio de expertos, y para calcular su confiabilidad se empleó el método del Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, cuyo resultado fue de 0,907. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante la estadística descriptiva, con base en la media aritmética. Se verifico en conjunto una moderada aplicación de la selección de personal, capacitación y proveedores como actividades involucradas en el proceso de organización de inventario.

ABSTRACT

The inventory organization process in the PDVSA Industrial affiliate companies was analyzed, under a descriptive investigation, with a field design, not experimental and transectional. The population was made up of the managers, leaders and supervisors of the PDVSA Industrial subsidiary companies, located in the Cabimas and Lagunillas municipalities of the Eastern Lake Coast. For data collection, the survey was used using a questionnaire, made up of 9 items with a frequency scale. Validity was carried out through expert judgment, and the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient method was used to calculate its reliability, with a result of 0.907. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, based on the arithmetic mean. Overall, a moderate application of the selection of personnel, training and suppliers was verified as activities involved in the inventory organization process.
Currículo de autores
Authors: Salcedo Camacho Patricia Dennis
Published: May 2021

En esta sección se presenta una breve descripción curricular de cada uno de los autores que publicaron artículos en el primer número de la revista Maya.
Cultura organizacional en empresa de venta de productos de lunchería
Authors: Willsany Casimiro, , Medina Edumary
Published: May 2021

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la cultura organizacionalde la empresa C.M., C.A. ubicada en Valencia, estado Carabobo, Venezuela quepermita sentar las bases para recomendar estrategias dirigidas a mejorar elclima y desempeño de la organización. Para lograr esto se definió comoobjetivos específicos diagnosticar la cultura organizacional de la empresa yexaminar la cultura organizacional existente. La metodología empleada es unenfoque cuantitativo con diseño de campo, no experimental. Se aplicó uncuestionario a diez trabajadores de C.M., C.A. de quince ítems con respuestasde tipo policotómicas. Los resultados analizados en base a las bases teóricasconsultadas, permitieron evidenciar de manera concluyente que la empresapresenta debilidades en su cultura organizacional.Palabras clave: Estrategias, valores, cultura organizacional

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to evaluate the organizational culture of thecompany C.M., C.A. located in Valencia, Carabobo state, Venezuela that allowslaying the foundations to recommend strategies aimed at improving theclimate and performance of the organization. To achieve this, specificobjectives were defined to diagnose the organizational culture of the companyand examine the existing organizational culture. The methodology used is aquantitative approach with field design, not experimental. A questionnaire wasapplied to ten C.M., C.A. of fifteen items with polycotomic responses. Theresults analyzed based on the theoretical bases consulted allowed conclusiveevidence that the company has weaknesses in its organizational culture.Key words: Strategies, values, organizational culture
Propuesta de sistema de control de gestión para optimizar los procesos del departamento de compras y ventas
Authors: Castellano Alfredo , Madroñero Deibis
Published: May 2021

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo proponer un sistema de control de gestión para optimizar los procesos operativos del departamento de compras y ventas de la empresa. Metodológicamente la investigación fue de tipo descriptiva, modalidad proyecto factible, diseño de campo. El estudio fue complementado con fuentes bibliográficas-documentales y la observación directa. La recolección de datos fue a través de un cuestionario de preguntas dicotómicas aplicado a una muestra intencional constituidas por los empleados del departamento de compras y ventas. Los datos permitieron concluir que existe deficiencia en los procesos operativos asociados al departamento, la ausencia de normas, políticas y procedimientos que permitan controlar los procesos en cuanto al requerimiento de materia prima, la incapacidad de la empresa de concretar ventas de productos terminados; situaciones que permitió configurar un sistema de control para el adecuado manejo en los procesos operativos asociados a las compras y ventas de la empresa.
Currículo de Autores
Authors: Moreno Sotomayor Víctor Hugo
Published: May 2021

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Indicadores de gestión en los procesos de admisión estudiantil en las universidades públicas venezolanas
Authors: Chacín Anargelis
Published: May 2021

El actual estudio tuvo como propósito analizar los indicadores de gestión en los procesos de admisión estudiantil en las universidades públicas venezolanas. Metodológicamente se tipificó como descriptiva, con un diseño no experimental, transeccional y de campo. La población estuvo constituida por el personal encargado del proceso de admisión estudiantil de las universidades públicas venezolanas, ubicadas en la Costa Oriental del Lago. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó la encuesta a través un cuestionario; el cual quedó conformado por 15 ítems con escala de frecuencia, se utilizó el juicio de expertos para la validez del mismo. La confiabilidad fue calculada por el método Alfa de Cronbach, cuyo resultando fue 0,95. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva, a través del estudio de la media aritmética. Los resultados arrojan alta presencia de los indicadores de gestión: efectividad, eficacia y eficiencia.
Estrategias gerenciales para el posicionamiento de una empresa de consultoría en el sector servicios
Authors: Mendoza Mariángela
Published: May 2021

El estudio que se presenta a continuación tuvo como objetivo proponer estrategias gerenciales que contribuyan con el posicionamiento de una empresa de consultoría en el sector servicios, ubicada en el estado Carabobo, considerando la problemática presentada, en la que se detecta que por la actividad que desempeña la empresa a tratar, necesita de diversas estrategias y métodos para cumplir sus objetivos, además de considerar la falta de provecho que se le ha sacado incluso en medio de la crisis de hoy donde las organizaciones necesitan cada vez más asesores que los ayuden a manejar las mismas; utilizando para ello una investigación descriptiva, de campo, utilizando instrumentos como el cuestionario y basada en la metodología de Proyecto Factible. Se concluye que no se han desarrollado planes estratégicos para controlar el cumplimiento de los objetivos y metas orientados al desarrollo de la gestión comercial de la organización, por lo cual se proponen estrategias que contribuyan con el posicionamiento de una empresa de consultoría en el sector servicios.
Using Seci To Improve Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Authors: Zulfikar Alimuddin  , Jann Hidajat Tjakraatmadja  , Achmad Ghazali  , Henndy Ginting
Published: May 2021

Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is a form of knowledge that has a big role in determining the success of the teaching and learning process in the classroom. Teachers in one school tend to have different levels of PCK, depending on each teacher’s background knowledge and experience. Previous professional teacher development schemes in Indonesia have been held in a way that emphasises the teacher’s individual learning aspects, were held separately between different teaching subjects (such as through a Mandatory Regional Teacher Meetings based on subject matters, known as “MGMP” in Indonesia), and has a lack of documented reports about the impact of that training on teaching. This study offers an alternative way to improve teachers' PCK using the knowledge creation approach. This study used the SECI model to design a procedure to facilitate teachers from the same school to share, externalise, combine, and internalise other teachers’ PCK for their own teaching practice. The procedures of this study have addressed several problems that are found in previous attempts of using PCK in an educational setting. This study found that one cycle of the SECI model could improve teachers' PCK (F(2, 40) = 68,963, p < 0,05) and has the potential to close the gap between teachers’ PCK levels. Further research on an iterative SECI model to improve PCK with a longer timeframe and that evaluates factors that might affect the SECI process is needed to explore the potential of creating a shared perspective of PCK among teachers and create a contextual standard for a school as an educational institution. Exploratory research regarding teachers’ natural knowledge sharing and knowledge acquisition is also offered.