bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviewing the Framework of Blockchain in Fake News Detection
Authors: Alam Tanweer , Gupta Ruchi
Published: January 2025

In the social media environment, fake news is a significant issue. It might be online or offline, depending on the field of journalism. Concerns have been expressed by media and publishing houses, who are looking for solutions to the problem. One of the solutions the industry has to offer in this area is Blockchain. It could be digital security trading, source or identity verification, or quotes following a certain news piece, photo, or video. It's miles of shared document generation to deliver timely files, and it's done with the help of a specific article, video, or image that has been addressed. This will no longer assist the fact abuser in verifying the details. This will help the fact abuser confirm the details, but it will also offer documentation of metadata generated at all phases. It allows you to cut the expense of disseminating false information by forwarding and explicit disclosure to persons who have first-hand knowledge of the subject. The proposed structure for acquiring fake news is supported by the blockchain age, which allows news organizations to deliver their content to their subscribers transparently. This framework was created for journalists and can be integrated into any current platform to publish a news piece and include asset statistics.
Safety of 1 mcg/mL as the starting dose in cluster protocol for hymenoptera immunotherapy
Authors: Bemanian Mohammad Hassan , Arshi Saba , Nabavi Mohammad , Fallahpour Morteza , Shokri Sima , Sharifinejad Niusha , Bahrami Sima
Published: January 2025

Background: Hymenoptera venom allergy is a potentially severe allergic reaction in the general population. The only preventative approach in these cases is venom immunotherapy (VIT), which follows different protocols. The recommended initial dose is 0.001–0.1 mcg of venom extract. However, few reports have declared the safety of 1 mcg venom as the starting dose.
Methods: The study was conducted on Iranian patients with a history of anaphylaxis to venom. Skin tests confirmed hypersensitivity to honeybee, yellow jacket, and/or paper wasp from subfamily Polistes using Apis melifera, Vespula spp, and Polistes spp venom extracts, respectively. Subsequently, the patients were treated with the cluster protocol.
Results: Twenty-two patients (17 males and 5 females, aged 28.3±11.8 years) were enrolled in the study. Skin prick tests and intradermal tests showed positive results for yellow jacket in 17 (77.3%) and 21 (95.4%) patients, honeybee in 14 (63.6%) and 17 (77.3%) patients, and wasp in 14 (63.6%) and 17 (77.3%) patients, respectively. Upon administering the initial dose of 1 mcg/mL, 40.9% (9 cases) of patients presented mild local reactions, including 7 with yellow jacket allergy, 5 with honeybee allergy, and 3 with wasp allergy. One patient with yellow jacket allergy had a mild systemic reaction. Patients with a positive skin test for wasp had significantly lower rate of reactions after the first dose of venom (p=0.026). Throughout the entire build-up phase, more than 90% (20 of 22) of patients experienced mild local reactions, followed by large local reactions (3 cases, 13.6%), mild systemic reactions (1 case at 1 mcg/mL dose), and moderate-to-severe systemic reactions (3 cases, 13.6%). Large local and moderate-to-severe systemic reactions were detected after injecting 50 mcg (each one case) and 100 mcg (each 2 cases) of venom extracts.
Conclusion: This study recommends 1 mcg/mL of the venom extract as a safe starting dose for VIT. This accelerated protocol could successfully reduce the time and costs of therapy for patients undergoing out-patient cluster VIT.
Anaphylaxis due to green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris): a new phenotype?
Authors: Menéndez Rivero Estela , Prados Castaño Manuel , Domínguez Romero Isabel María , Martínez Martínez María José , De La Losa Fernando Pineda
Published: January 2025

Background: Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction with increasing incidence in Europe. It is often caused by food, insect venom, and drugs. White, red, and green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are legumes of the Fabaceae family consumed worldwide. In Spain, beans are the third most consumed legume species after chickpeas and lentils. Allergy to different legumes is very frequent in children and represents the fifth cause of food allergy.
Objective: Demonstrate a new phenotype in patients with green bean anaphylaxis.
Material and Methods: We report a 20-year-old woman who experienced anaphylaxis after consuming cooked green beans and required emergency treatment. There were no associated cofactors such as medications, alcohol, or physical exercise. After the episode, she tolerated well nuts, garlic, chickpeas, peas, and soy. Prick-prick with raw and cooked green bean, ISAC, SDS-PAGE and IgE-Western blot were performed.
Results: The prick+prick test with raw and cooked green beans was positive. The sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis–immunoglobulin E (SDS-PAGE/IgE)–western blot analysis with white and red beans as well as cooked and raw green beans showed identification of several proteins with a molecular weight of 25–75 kDa in the extract of raw beans. Only one protein with a molecular weight of approximately 10 kDa was recognized in cooked beans.
Conclusion: We present a case of anaphylaxis induced by green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) because of a 10-kDa protein and tolerance to other legumes, which suggests a new phenotype.
Adaptive ımmune system evaluation in familial mediterranean fever: clinical and ımmunological analysis
Authors: Kokcu Karadag Sefika Ilknur , Eren Fatih , Gizem Gündüz Zeynep , Yıldıran Alisan
Published: January 2025

Background: Familial Mediterranean Fever is a common genetic autoinflammatory disease prevalent in the Mediterranean region. The clinical course of the disease is characterized by fever and serositis attacks. While defects in the innate immune system are known to play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease, the impact of the adaptive immune system remains unclear. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the adaptive immune system cells in FMF patients and investigate their relationship with the disease.
Methods: Our study includes 88 FMF patients with confirmed MEFV gene mutations. The demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, genetic profiles, treatment methods, and any accompanying diseases of the patients were thoroughly examined. Additionally, lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed using flow cytometry, and inflammatory markers and immunoglobulin levels were evaluated.
Results: Significant differences were observed in the distribution of adaptive immune system cells in FMF patients compared to the healthy reference group. In the analysis of lymphocyte subgroups, levels of CD3, CD4, CD19, CD16+56+, CD3CD4CD45RACD31, CD4+CD45RA+, CD8+CD45RA+, CD19+CD27+IgD+IgM+, CD19+CD27+IgD-IgM-, and CD19+CD38+CD21 were found to be lower compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, CD8, CD19+CD27-IgD+, and CD3/CD8/TCRGD cells were found to be higher. Moreover, in FMF patients with accompanying diseases, CD3, CD4, and CD19 values were statistically lower (p<0.001).
Conclusion: This study reveals that adaptive immune system cells are affected in FMF patients, suggesting their significant role in the disease’s pathophysiology. Immunological evaluations should be prioritized in the management of FMF, enabling personalized treatment plans for more effective outcomes.
Association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and risk of eczema in early childhood: A cohort study in Japan
Authors: Yamashita Noboru , Tanaka Keiko , Miyake Yoshihiro
Published: January 2025

Background: There is limited evidence on the association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and the risk of childhood allergic disorders, with regards to atopic eczema. The current pre-birth cohort study aimed to examine the association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and the risk of atopic eczema in Japanese 2-year-olds.
Methods: The study included 1354 Japanese mother–child pairs. Maternal anemia during pregnancy was determined based on self-reported iron treatment for anemia during pregnancy. Eczema was defined according to the criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Physician-diagnosed atopic eczema was evaluated through a questionnaire completed by the mothers.
Results: The prevalence of maternal anemia during pregnancy was 52.8%. The study found that maternal anemia during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of physician-diagnosed atopic eczema in children; with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.79 and a 95% confidence interval of 1.04–3.17. However, there was no observed association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and the risk of eczema as defined by the ISAAC criteria.
Conclusions: Although the study relied on self-reported information, it suggested a potential positive association between maternal anemia during pregnancy and the risk of atopic eczema in children.
Anaphylaxis in pediatric patients: single-center study in a private hospital
Authors: Nunes Oliveira Fabiana Andrade , Rodrigues Fernandes Fátima , Solé Dirceu , Falbo Wandalsen Gustavo
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to characterize the profile of probable anaphylaxis cases treated at a private pediatric hospital emergency department in São Paulo. It investigated triggering factors, the presence of cofactors, treatments administered, and follow-up for these cases through interviews with the patients’ families. A single-center cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of children and adolescents treated between 2016 and 2020. Allergist physicians evaluated cases with symptoms consistent with anaphylaxis to identify probable cases, and the parents or legal guardians of these cases were interviewed to gather detailed information about the episodes. A total of 69 probable cases of anaphylaxis (PCA) were identified among 460,434 visits. Of the 51 PCAs evaluated, most presented with cutaneous and respiratory symptoms, with a male predominance (63%), and 27% were under 2 years old. Foods, particularly nuts and peanuts, were the primary triggers. Nearly one-third of the patients did not undergo investigation following the episode, and intramuscular adrenaline (37%) and auto-injectable adrenaline (4%) were underutilized as treatments. Eight cases exhibited recurrence of symptoms after initial improvement, suggesting a potential biphasic reaction. In conclusion, this study revealed that the majority of PCAs occurred in male children, with nuts and peanuts as the main triggers. The management of PCAs was suboptimal, characterized by the underutilization of intramuscular adrenaline as the first-line treatment and low rates of auto-injectable adrenaline prescriptions during follow-up. Increasing awareness and education about anaphylaxis in children, along with emphasizing the importance of proper treatment, are crucial to reducing the risk of morbidity and mortality in this vulnerable population.
Anaphylaxis in infancy: An area that needs to be highlighted
Authors: Chiampou Evanthia , Douros Konstantinos , Serbis Anastasios , Ladomenou Fani , Makis Alexandros , Siomou Ekaterini , Tsabouri Sophia
Published: January 2025

Anaphylaxis, the most severe end of the spectrum of allergic reactions, has shown increasing incidence globally over recent years. This hypersensitivity reaction can occur at any age, including infancy. Recent data, although scarce, show that anaphylaxis is increasingly reported in infancy, with food identified as the leading cause of anaphylaxis cases in this age group. Infants constitute a unique subgroup with specific challenges regarding diagnosis of anaphylaxis due to a variety of factors, such as lack of age-specific diagnostic criteria, inability of infants to describe their symptoms, and the broad spectrum of clinical manifestations that may be mistaken as normal findings. Additionally, there are special issues in reference to the treatment of anaphylaxis during infancy, such as the limited availability of weight-appropriate epinephrine autoinjectors for infants weighing <15 kg. In this study, we review the current literature regarding specific characteristics of anaphylaxis in infants as well as unique challenges in terms of diagnosis, acute treatment, and long-term management of this medical emergency in this vulnerable age group.
SLC27A3 downregulation restores Th17/Treg balance and alleviates COPD via JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibition
Authors: Li Xiaoping , Liu Ji , Jing Zehui , Li Shuxia
Published: January 2025

The main goal of this investigation is to find out how solute carrier family 27 member 3 (SLC27A3) is expressed in the lung tissue of mice with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and how it relates to lung function. A model of COPD was established by exposing organisms to cigarette smoke, followed by investigating the role of SLC27A3 in COPD through experiments conducted both in living organisms and in laboratory settings. Knockout mice lacking SLC27A3 were produced through siRNA transfection to investigate lung function and inflammatory response, using methods such as hematoxylin-eosin staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Western blotting was carried out to analyze the expression of SLC27A3. Naïve CD4+ T-cells were stimulated with anti-CD3, anti-CD28, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and/or interleukin (IL)-6, and their differentiation into Th17 or Treg cells was promoted, as assessed by flow cytometry. The pathway expression of JAK2/STAT3 was detected using Western blotting. Mice with COPD that had higher expression levels of SLC27A3 in their lung tissue display abnormalities in lung architecture and function, as well as an imbalance between Th17 and Tregs and an elevated inflammatory response. In COPD mice with SLC27A3 knockdown, the JAK2/STAT3 pathway was repressed, lung inflammation was decreased, Th17/Treg balance was improved, and lung functioning was improved. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that downregulating SLC27A3 has the potential to attenuate the inflammatory response, mitigate COPD progression, and rebalance the Th17/Treg ratio by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. These results lay a foundation for utilizing SLC27A3 as a potential therapeutic target to modulate the JAK2/STAT3 pathway for the treatment of COPD, with the aim of enhancing lung function, reducing inflammation, and restoring Th17/Treg equilibrium in a clinical context.
Prevalence of self-reported asthma in type 1 diabetes children and its associated predictors
Authors: A. Alduraywish Shatha , Majed Binnshwan Faisal , Khalid Alhawas Rayan , Fahad Binjadou Abdullah , Khalid Alzamil Waleed , Mohammed Alghamdi Mallek , Abdulaziz Alhumaid Fahad , M. Aldakheel Fahad , Tharkar Shabana
Published: January 2025

Background: Asthma is considered one of the most common and serious noncommunicable diseases, with high morbidity and mortality rates in both children and adults.
Objectives: To estimate the frequency and to determine the associated factors of self-reported asthma among children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes.
Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, and 175 subjects having type 1 diabetes for more than 1 year were included from the pediatrics endocrine clinic. Validated questionnaires from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) were used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0.
Results: The study included 175 participants (48% boys, 52% girls) with a mean age of 10.9 ± 3.76 years. The majority were of high socioeconomic status, that is, with a monthly family income >15,000 Saudi Riyal (SR) . Notably, 78 participants (44.6%) were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes (2–5 years’ duration, and the average age at diagnosis was 7.4 ± 3.27 years). Hospital admissions due to diabetes in the past year were reported in 101 (57.7%) patients. Moreover, 143 (81.7%) participants reported hyperglycemic symptoms, while 125 (71.4%) experienced hypoglycemic symptoms. About 36 (20.6%) participants had self-reported asthma, with wheezing reported in 46 (26.3%) participants. Other sociodemographic and diabetes factors showed no significant associations. The prevalence of self-reported asthma was noted in 36 children with type 1 diabetes (20.6%). The presence of a family history of asthma was the only significant variable associated with self-reported asthma in children with type 1 diabetes (p<0.001). The odds of developing asthma increased by almost 11 times among children with type 1 diabetes who had a positive family history of asthma (p=0.002). Middle-income status also showed increased odds of risk for developing asthma by 4.4 times, but it did not reach the level of statistical significance (p=0.21).
Conclusion: A higher prevalence of self-reported asthma was found among children with type 1 diabetes. Those with a family history of asthma may be considered for screening and educational programs.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes improved septic lung injury by reducing excessive NETs formation and alleviating inflammatory response
Authors: Zou Ting , Lu Jianshuang , Zhu Yanke , Xu Yue , Sun Yuanyuan
Published: January 2025

To illustrate the potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) in mitigating septic lung injury by reducing the excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a mouse model of septic lung injury was induced through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The mice received intraperitoneal injections of MSC-Exos. Post injection, pathological alterations of the lung tissue were evaluated through HE staining, and the levels of inflammatory markers in each mouse group at various time points were assessed using ELISA kits. The presence of NETs markers in lung tissue (colocalization of CitH3 and MPO) was determined via immunofluorescence, and the levels of dsDNA in mouse serum were measured using a dsDNA kit. The findings indicated noticeable damage in the sepsis group postsurgically, whereas the severity of lung tissue damage was significantly diminished in mice of the MSC-Exos group. By the 72-h mark after the CLP procedure, there was an elevation in TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-10. Compared to the CLP group, the inflammatory factors in the serum of mice from the CLP + MSC-Exo group were higher at 12 and 24 h but decreased at the 72-h point. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensity of CitH3 and MPO and the dsDNA content increased in the CLP group mice over different time intervals, with MSC-Exos reversing these changes. In summary, MSC-Exos effectively suppressed sepsis-induced NETs formation and ameliorated lung injury.
Construction and validation of a predictive model for allergic rhinitis complicating children with bronchial asthma
Authors: Zhang Qi , Xu Fengqin , Chen Fuzhe
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the complication of allergic rhinitis in children with bronchial asthma and to construct a nomogram model to predict the occurrence of allergic rhinitis. A total of 190 children with bronchial asthma admitted to our hospital from August 2020 to August 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The children were randomly divided into the training cohort (133 cases) and validation cohort (57 cases) in a ratio of 7:3. The children in the modeling set were divided into an allergic rhinitis group (n=44) and a nonallergic rhinitis group (n=89) depending on the presence or absence of concomitant allergic rhinitis. A total of 62 cases in 190 children with bronchial asthma had complications with allergic rhinitis, with an incidence of 32.63%. In the training cohort, compared with the children in the nonallergic rhinitis group, percentage of smokers in the household, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), and neutrophils/lymphocytes (NLR) were significantly higher in the allergic rhinitis group (P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that smokers in the household; IgE; early use of antibiotics; and elevated CRP, WBC, and NLR were all risk factors for the complication of allergic rhinitis in children with bronchial asthma (P < 0.05). A nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the above risk factors. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.919 (95% CI: 0.742–0.934) and 0.841 (95% CI: 0.773–0.902) for the training cohort and validation cohort, respectively. The Hosmer–Lemeshow test results of the training and validation cohorts were both P > 0.05, suggesting a good model fit. The results of DCA showed that the training and validation cohorts had good threshold probability and clinical net benefit. Smokers in the household, IgE, CRP, WBC, and NLR levels were all risk factors for the complication of allergic rhinitis in children with bronchial asthma. A nomogram model based on these risk factors may be a valuable clinical tool for predicting allergic rhinitis in children with bronchial asthma.
Research progress of Sinomenium in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and suggestions for future research
Authors: Zhou Guanghui , Gu Zhuoxu , Zhang Xianquan , Zeng Lingfeng , Liu Jun
Published: January 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease. Its main pathological manifestations are joint cartilage, bone tissue injury, synovial hyperplasia, and chronic inflammation. At present, the pathogenesis of the disease has not been fully defined, and delaying the disease to improve joint function is the existing treatment. Sinomenium (SIN) is an effec-tive ingredient in Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehd. et Wils., with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunosuppressive, anti-tumor, and other pharmacological activities, which is quite effective in the treatment of RA. There are many SIN compound preparations in the market, such as Zhengqing Fengtongning capsule, Zhubi Huoluo prescription, and Qinxitong tablet. They all exhibit good anti-RA effect with less adverse reactions. This study summarized the mechanism of action of SIN in the treatment of RA and further explored the possibility of SIN in the treatment of RA combined with other diseases for future research.
Assessing the physicochemical and sensory attributes of yogurt enriched with mango and potato peel powders and their hypolipidemic effects on rats consuming a high-fat diet
Authors: Hamdi Darwish Omnia , Mohamed Sulieman Abd El-Rahman , Shalaby Hanan Saeid , Alkhudhayri Dalal A , Dahran Naief , Ahmed Hashim Madeha , Hafiz Amin A. , Elmahallawy Ehab Kotb
Published: January 2025

Enhancing dairy products with bioactive functional foods and plant-derived compounds boosts their nutritional value and health benefits. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physical, chemical, and sensory properties of yogurt that had been enriched with mango and potato peel powder at levels 1, 2, and 3%. The results demonstrated that fortifying yogurt with 3% potato and mango peel significantly enhanced its nutritional and functional qualities, as total solids increased from 13.34% in the control yogurt to 15.14 and 15.84% in the potato and mango peel-fortified versions, respectively. Protein content also rose from 3.78 to 3.94 and 4.05%, while ash levels improved from 0.78 to 0.90 and 0.98%. Additionally, fiber, which was absent in the control, reached 0.47 and 0.20% in the potato and mango peel-fortified yogurt, respectively. This fortification also led to a sharp increase in phenolic content, from 40.60 mg GAE/g in the control to 53.70 and 65.90 mg GAE/g, alongside a notable improvement in antioxidant activity, which increased from 20.60 to 33.50 and 40.80%. Together, these findings highlight the substantial positive impact of fortification on both nutritional composition and potential health benefits of yogurt. The strongest sensory features were seen in yogurt containing 2% mango and potato peel powder with a total score of 93.0 when compared to other treatments. In addition, the 2% mango and potato peel powder-fortified yogurt was tested as a hypercholesterolemia inhibitor in obese rats. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups. The first group served as the healthy control group, while Groups 2 through 5 were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for the duration of the experiment and given 10 g/day of various types of yogurt: yogurt with 2% mango powder and 2% potato peel powder as a treatment. The findings revealed a considerable reduction in LDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, AST, ALT, creatinine, and urea levels as compared to the positive control group, combined with a marked rise in HDL and total protein levels. According to the findings, yogurt, mango, and potato peel powder help liver and kidney functions in hyperlipidemic rats. Collectively, these data showed that yogurt, mango, and potato peel powder shielded rats from oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia.
Citral, a major component of lemon myrtle (Backhousia citriodora) essential oil, inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes during mitotic clonal expansion
Authors: Choi Yae Rim , Kyung Park Min , Lee Ae Sin , Kim Young-Suk , Kim Min Jung
Published: January 2025

Lemon myrtle essential oil (LMEO), a popular food-flavoring and perfume, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and contains citral in abundance. Citral-enriched essential oils exhibit anti-obesity effects; however, the effect of LMEO on adipogenesis and the precise mechanism of citral have not been elucidated. This study evaluated the anti-adipogenic activity of commercial LMEO and its components, geranial, neral and citral (a mixture of geranial and neral), in 3T3-L1 cell differentiation and identified the anti-adipogenic mechanism of citral. Treatment of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with various concentrations of LMEO, neral, geranial, and citral for 24 h and 48 h showed that LMEO (12.5–25 μg/mL) inhibited 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, dexamethasone, and insulin (MDI)-induced differentiation of preadipocytes. Citral, accounting for 88.67% of total compounds in LMEO, also suppressed MDI-induced differentiation and expression of adipogenic transcription factors (PPARγ, C/EBPα, and Fabp4). Additionally, citral inhibited the early stages of differentiation, particularly mitotic clonal expansion (MCE), by deactivating cell cycle-related factors (cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases) and arresting the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, which was caused by inhibiting upstream signaling pathways, especially PI3K/AKT pathway. Therefore, regulation of early stages of adipogenesis, especially MCE, is a key mechanism underlying the anti-adipogenic activity of citral. LMEO and citral can be potentially used as anti-obesity agents.
Red ginseng polysaccharide attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury via suppressing oxidative stress-mediated ER stress through activation of Nrf2/AMPK pathways
Authors: Liu Qiuhong , Zhou Jinqiao , Yang Jingrui , Zhang Xiaoqin , Li Yuna , Zhang Li
Published: January 2025

The present study elucidates the protective efficacy of red ginseng polysaccharide (RGP) against septic-associated acute lung injury (ALI), a critical condition exacerbated by oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Utilizing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse and cellular models, we assessed lung pathology through histological staining, injury scoring, and lung wet-to-dry ratios along with inflammatory cytokine levels. Cell viability and apoptosis were quantified using cell counting kit-8 and TUNEL assays, respectively, while fluorescence labeling was employed to gauge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Our findings indicated that RGP markedly attenuated LPS-induced lung damage, inflammation, oxidative injury, ER stress, and apoptotic processes. Mechanistic insights revealed that RGP exerted its protective effects by activating the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in LPS-stressed lung tissues. Inhibition of Nrf2 or AMPK abrogated RGP’s benefits on apoptosis, ROS production, and MMP preservation in murine lung type II epithelial (MLE-12) cells, underscoring the Nrf2/AMPK-mediated mechanism of RGP’s action against LPS-induced ALI. These results underscore the potential of RGP as a novel therapeutic agent for sepsis-associated ALI.
The effects of climate change on wine composition and winemaking processes
Authors: Gerbi Vincenzo , De Paolis Camilla
Published: January 2025

Wine is a complex beverage and its composition and final quality are related on numerous factors, including climate change. The viticulture and wine industry are strongly affected by climate change, with impacts on grapevine vegetative behavior and consequences on grape musts and wine composition. The increasing trend of temperature has influence on grapevine phenology and metabolism, as well as water availability, with effects on grape both primary and secondary metabolites. Climate change has created the necessity of oenological strategies to obtain quality wines, particularly higher temperatures and water stress are able to affect sugar and acidic content, impacting, not only the harvest time, but also final product quality, with the increase of ethanol as one of the direct consequences. That impacts the sensory profile, reducing fruity notes and amplifying unpleasant ones. Moreover, aroma and their precursors are influenced by climate change. Nowadays in winemaking one of the most challenging objectives is the production of wines with reduced alcohol content. Different strategies are developing, which consider interventions in the pre-fermentation phase, or during alcoholic fermentation, or on the wine after fermentation. This review examines the effects of climate change on wine composition and possible strategies in winemaking processes to produce low-alcohol-content wines.
N-acetylcysteine as a promising treatment for COVID-19: A comprehensive meta-analysis of systemic manifestations and clinical outcomes
Authors: S. Saleh Helmy , B. Zaid Ahmed , K. Almahdy Shaimaa , M. Elmalawany Alshimaa , Abdeen Ahmed , Alsaati Ilhaam , F. Ibrahim Samah
Published: January 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic presents systemic disorders, primarily affecting respiratory and cardiovascular systems. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating properties, suggest-ing a potential therapy against COVID-19. In the current study, a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of NAC supplementation against COVID-19. A literature search was conducted from April 2019 to December 2023 using Rev-Man 5.3 incorporating 14 studies with 20,980 participants. Results revealed significant differences in total and native thiol, and hydrogen sulfides in COVID-19 patients. NAC-treated patients exhibited significant reduction in C-reactive protein and D-dimer levels, along with higher pO2/FiO2 ratios, minimal stay in hospital, and lower mortalities supporting the efficacy of NAC toward COVID-19.
Characterization of biochemical traits, volatile compounds, and sensorial attributes of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) nuts and oil as affected by regulated deficit irrigation and roasting
Authors: Abidi Walid , Akrimi Rawaa , Rizzo Valeria , Cincotta Fabrizio , Merlino Maria , Muratore Giuseppe
Published: January 2025

Prolonged drought poses a critical challenge for pistachio cultivation in Mediterranean regions. Water-saving strategies and selecting adapted cultivars can help maintain sustainable production. This study was conducted in the experimental orchard of the Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Sidi Bouzid, Tunisia. Four pistachio cultivars (Mateur, Elguetar, Kerman, and Ohadi) grafted on P. atlantica rootstock were used to investigate the impact of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on yield, nut composition, volatile compounds, phenolic compounds, fatty acid profile, and sensory analysis. Three irrigation treatments were applied: control (T0) received 100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc) during all stages of nut development; RDI treatment (T1) received 50% ETc during stages I and II of nut development, followed by 100% ETc during stage III; and stressed treatment (T2) received 50% ETc during two growing seasons (2017 and 2018). Pistachio nuts were immersed in a solution of NaCl (5% w/v) for 5 min and then introduced in an oven for 2 h at 120ºC to obtain ‘roasted’ pistachio for volatile and sensorial analysis. Results showed that RDI saved 20% of irrigation water during stages I and II of nut development while maintaining similar yield, nut composition, and fatty acid profile as that of control. Moreover, the volatile compounds content and oil yield were enhanced under drought stress. Roasting enhanced the perception of volatile compounds, especially nitrogenous ones. Cultivars Mateur and Ohadi showed high sensory quality, with Ohadi achieving the highest consumer satisfaction despite lower yield and dehiscence rate. Cultivar Mateur was suitable for high-density planting in semiarid environments. Overall, RDI proved effective for increasing water use efficiency without compromising pistachio quality, suggesting its suitability for arid and semiarid orchards.
Cyclodipeptides (CDPs), the enzymatic synthesis, and the potential functional properties to exhibit broad varieties of pharmacological properties—A comprehensive review
Authors: Fizza Chasheen , Israr Muhammad , Jalal Khan Muhammad , Sarwar Abid , Aziz Tariq , Chun Cui , Zhao Liqing , Alhomrani Majid , F. Alsanie Walaa , Alamri Abdulhakeem S. , Al-Asmari Fahad , A. Al-Joufi Fakhria
Published: January 2025

Cyclodipeptides (CDPs) are distinct chemical scaffolds that show a wide range of bioactivities pertinent to medicine, agriculture, chemical catalysis, and material sciences. CDPs, also known as diketopiperazines (DKPs), are tiny naturally occurring peptides that have sparked interest due to their various bioactive features and possible applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and medical sectors. CDPs are produced by the intramolecular cyclization of two amino acids and can be found in a variety of environments, such as fungi, plants, animals, bacteria, and processed foods. CDPs are highly stable because of their solid structure and durability against enzymatic degradation, making them appropriate choices for medicinal and functional food applications. CDPs are frequently seen as undesirable byproducts in processed meals, especially those that include dairy, meat, and fermented drinks; new research indicates that they may improve flavor and benefit human health. Bioactive substances having anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and neuroprotective qualities have been recognized as CDPs. Certain CDPs, such cyclo(Phe-Pro), along with cyclo(Pro-Pro), have shown promise in controlling metabolic and cognitive functions in the body, while others, such as cyclo(His-Pro), have demonstrated anticancer activity by causing cancer cells to undergo apoptosis. In spite of widespread research, little is known about the precise health consequences and ideal levels of CDP intake from dietary sources. Considering this, the present review attempts to compile the most recent information on the occurrence, generation, and biological activity of CDPs. To completely comprehend CDPs’ bioactivity and their significance to human health, more research is required. Additionally, creative approaches for using these peptides for creating functional foods and preventing diseases should be investigated.
Taraxasterol from edible plants inhibits breast cancer progression by targeting the miRNA-140-5p/OGT axis: Implications for functional food-based therapies
Authors: Hu Yanjun , Mao Jiefei
Published: January 2025

The second most frequent cause of tumor-related mortality in women is malignant breast cancer (BC). The exploration of new therapeutic agents and related mechanisms is crucial for BC research. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that taraxasterol (TAX) has antitumor effects, but the role of TAX in BC and the corresponding mechanisms are unknown. In this investigation, after treating BC cells with TAX, the proportion of apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry, the Transwell® was used to measure cell invasion, and the wound-healing assay was used to measure cell migration. It was discovered that TAX promoted the apoptosis of BC cells and inhibited BC cell migration and invasion. In addition, according to the results of in vivo tests, tumor growth was suppressed by TAX. Mechanistically, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) expression was indirectly reduced by TAX through the up-regulation of miRNA-140-5p expression. According to this theory, TAX blocks the growth and migration of BC by controlling the miRNA-140-5p/OGT axis.
Não grite no eco: traduzindo a bioquímica para envolver a sociedade
Authors: De Sousa Gisele , Veríssima Ferreira-Halder Carmen , V. de Sousa Faria Alessandra
Published: January 2025

Um dos maiores desafios enfrentados pela comunidade científica, incluindo a bioquímica, é disseminar dados e resultados relevantes para a população em geral. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar se as estratégias de marketing empregadas aumentaram o engajamento e o interesse na publicação. Nosso foco foi compartilhar dados de dois artigos sobre os efeitos antitumorais da violaceína, um pigmento produzido pelo Chromobacterium violaceum, uma bactéria do Rio Negro. Comparamos as análises de duas postagens em mídias sociais e, com o nosso método, a postagem apresentou um aumento de 114 vezes em curtidas e 27 vezes em impressões. Este método foi aplicado no contexto das ciências biológicas e incluiu os seguintes passos: identificação do público-alvo, escolha dos canais de comunicação e adaptação da linguagem para maior eficiência na divulgação de dados bioquímicos. A composição de uma narrativa persuasiva guiada por gatilhos de curiosidade e bom humor resultou em um despertar do interesse do público, extrapolando as informações para outros canais de comunicação, como podcasts e televisão. Foi possível concluir que a comunicação científica em bioquímica precisa divulgar informações relevantes ao público-alvo, apresentando-as como uma forma de entretenimento.
Kentsel Açık Yeşil Alanların Kurakçıl Peyzaj Tasarımına Uygunluğunun Değerlendirilmesi: Tokat Kenti Örneği
Authors: Hassamancıoğlu Venhar Melda , Yılmaz Güzella , Çelik Aysun , Erdoğdu Saliha
Published: January 2025

İklim krizi etkisiyle günden güne kuraklıkla karşılaşma olasılığı artan kentlerde, kentsel peyzajda su kullanımını azaltmak ve su döngüsüne katkı sağlamak amacıyla suyun verimli kullanımına odaklanan ve su etkin planlama ve tasarım ilkelerine dayanan kurakçıl peyzaj tasarım konsepti (Xeriscape) gündeme gelmiştir. Bu çalışma Tokat Kenti’nin açık-yeşil alanlarının kurakçıl peyzaj tasarım yaklaşımına uygunluğunu belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Çalışma alanını Tokat Kenti’nde park niteliğinde olan açık yeşil alanlar oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kent merkezindeki semt, mahalle ve cep parkı olarak gruplandırılan 124 açık-yeşil alanın kurakçıl peyzaj planlama ve tasarım ilkeleri esas alınarak belirlenmiş ölçütlerle değerlendirilmesine dayanmaktadır. Araştırmanın yöntemi, her bir parkın 7 başlıkla belirlenen ölçütlerin 5’li Likert ölçeğinde uzmanlar tarafından verilen puanların analizinden oluşmaktadır. Analiz sonucunda Tokat parklarının büyük bir bölümünün mevcut durumunda kurakçıl peyzaj tasarım ilkelerine uygunluk saptanamamıştır. Kent merkezinde yer alan ve yüz ölçümü büyük semt parklarının kurakçıl konsepte uygunluklarının; yapısal ve bitkisel tasarım, işlevsellik, geçirimli yüzeylerin varlığı, kuraklığa toleranslı bitkilerin kullanımı ve etkin sulama sistemlerinin mevcudiyeti açısından diğer kategorilerdeki parklardan daha iyi düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öte yandan cep parklarının bitkisel unsurların varlığı ve mevcut donatıların bakımı konusunda bile çok düşük puan aldıkları saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak Tokat’taki parkların su etkin ve sürdürülebilir yaklaşımlar gözetilerek tasarlanmadığı, yapılan uygulamaların ekolojik yaklaşımları barındırmadığı ortaya çıkmış, fakat kurakçıl planlama ve tasarım ilkelerine uygun stratejiler uygulandığında kentteki açık yeşil alanların dönüştürülebilir nitelikte olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
El género discursivo oral desde una perspectiva sociocultural y dialógica del lenguaje
Authors: Hernández-Rincón Marleny
Published: January 2025

Se parte del supuesto según el cual los géneros discursivos orales constituyen formas específicas de expresión verbal asociadas a habilidades comunicativas particulares, cuya complejidad en las prácticas de interacción oral merece una atención más detallada. Con el propósito de comprender mejor este fenómeno y establecer relaciones teóricas específicas, se propone como enfoque metodológico la creación de un observatorio del género discursivo desde cuatro ópticas (sociocomunicativa, interaccionista sociodiscursiva, acción social y polifonía de voces). Este enfoque facilitó plantear un constructo del género discursivo oral desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar dialógica, basado en la naturaleza sociocultural del lenguaje que aborda de manera integral su carácter dinámico y multimodal, así como su influencia en las interacciones sociales y culturales.
La libertad estética en Kant: esbozo de una fundamentación de la actual ética de la tolerancia
Authors: Zambrano-Sanjuán Carlos Andrés
Published: January 2025

En la actualidad, dentro del discurso político y filosófico, ha cobrado gran relevancia el debate público acerca de la política del reconocimiento y la ética de la tolerancia como mecanismos mediante los cuales se pretende materializar conceptos y aspiraciones sociales cruciales para nuestras sociedades. Estos conceptos están incorporados incluso a nivel de principios constitucionales, tales como la pluralidad, la multiculturalidad, el respeto por las diferencias de todo orden y la inclusión de todos en el proyecto social y político de nuestras naciones. Como un homenaje a Kant en la celebración del tercer siglo de su natalicio, el presente artículo de reflexión pretende establecer un enlace entre estas bases del discurso público actual —la ética de la tolerancia y la política del reconocimiento— con algunos postulados de la filosofía kantiana, particularmente con elementos esenciales de su teoría de la estética. Esto permite, además, rescatar esa faceta poco reconocida del gran pensador regiomontano y, de paso, valorar adecuadamente esta muy importante área de la filosofía.
Revisión: Retos de Formación Docente en Educación Sexual Coeducativa, Colombia
Authors: Vargas-Romero Rosamarina , González-Mora Alejandra , Gómez-Vargas Maricelly
Published: January 2025

Este artículo es resultado de una revisión documental realizada en el marco de la investigación doctoral en curso sobre formación docente en educación sexual en Medellín, Colombia, adscrita al Doctorado en Educación y Estudios Sociales del Tecnológico de Antioquia Institución Universitaria. Aborda la Formación docente en Educación Sexual en Colombia desde la epistemología trialéctica lefebvriana y detecta tensiones entre los discursos normativos sobre la formación docente, la percepción que sobre estos tiene el personal docente, y los posibles escenarios para la Educación Sexual Coeducativa (esc). Se utilizó una metodología de revisión documental sistemática que evidenció una subestimación de la importancia de la formación docente en esc en los tres planos mencionados, la presencia de vacíos conceptuales y prejuicios de orden personal y cultural, así como dificultades y oportunidades que se traducen en retos para construir los escenarios de posibilidad para la formación docente en esc.
El desafío de la movilidad estudiantil internacional virtual: una oportunidad en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Durán-Seguel Ivette , Sáez Walter , Susana Jung Hildegard , Fuentes-Núñez Jeannette
Published: January 2025

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha puesto en serias dificultades a la movilidad estudiantil transfronteriza y a la internacionalización de las universidades, dando la oportunidad de poner en valor otras estrategias como la internacionalización en casa, y en especial, del programa Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL). Por tanto, el propósito de esta investigación es analizar la experiencia de la implementación de este programa de internacionalización en casa en dos grupos: i) estudiantes nacionales y extranjeros de Enfermería e Ingeniería Comercial para la Universidad Católica del Maule (Chile), y II) estudiantes nacionales y extranjeros de Pedagogía y Psicología para la Universidad de Lasalle (Brasil). Para ello, se realiza una investigación de tipo exploratoria con un enfoque mixto, dada la aplicación de una encuesta para conocer la percepción de los estudiantes participantes sobre la experiencia vivida y su percepción del nivel de satisfacción a través de cuatro dimensiones: desarrollo académico, organización, competencia intercultural y satisfacción general. El procesamiento de datos se realiza a través del programa SPSS. Las encuestas aplicadas a los participantes arrojan un alto nivel de satisfacción en todas las dimensiones evaluadas, y se demuestra que, a pesar de que un intercambio online no es igual a un intercambio físico, es una experiencia altamente enriquecedora. En lo que atañe al desarrollo de competencias, los estudiantes han señalado la autonomía, el liderazgo y la empatía, además de la ampliación de su visión intercultural.
Interacciones cognitivas y metacognitivas: un indicador de la calidad educativa
Authors: Vélez-Gutiérrez Carlos Fernando , Ruiz-Ortega Francisco Javier
Published: January 2025

El aula de clases es un lugar estratégico para reflexionar sobre la calidad de la educación. Ello exige volcar la mirada hacia las interacciones cognitivas y metacognitivas, como posibilidad de enriquecimiento y apoyo al desarrollo de aprendizajes profundos. El objetivo de la investigación fue caracterizar y comprender las interacciones cognitivas y metacognitivas entre estudiantes y docentes universitarios. Participaron 57 docentes en una investigación cualitativa, utilizando el estudio de casos múltiples. Los resultados indican mayor preponderancia de las interacciones orientadas a la transmisión de información, sin abordar los procesamientos mentales asociados con ella. Por esto, el necesario llamado para crear oportunidades comunicativas que integren las dimensiones cognitiva y metacognitiva, cuando profesores y estudiantes interactúan en el aula.
Metacognición en tareas de modelado matemático con estudiantes de Educación Primaria en Chile
Authors: Aravena-Díaz María D. , Solar Bezmalinovic Horacio , Cárcamo Mansilla Noemí , Cifuentes María Beatriz
Published: January 2025

Este artículo de investigación presenta la caracterización de las estrategias metacognitivas y experiencias socioemocionales que activan los estudiantes de educación primaria cuando resuelven tareas de modelado matemático. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con estudio de casos múltiple de alcance exploratorio. Se seleccionaron dos grupos de trabajo de 1° y 3° grado para observar en profundidad las estrategias y experiencias metacognitivas que activan los niños cuando resuelven tareas mediante un trabajo colaborativo grupal. Se usaron grabaciones de video mientras resolvían las tareas de modelado y se codificaron en Atlas ti. Para el análisis, se utilizaron sistemas de categorías en las estrategias metacognitivas y experiencias socioemocionales y se cruzaron con las fases del ciclo de modelado. Como resultados del análisis los niños de 1° grado activaron las estrategias de proceder en las primeras etapas del ciclo de modelado y los de 3°grado las estrategias de planificar y monitorear en las fases de simplificación, matematización y trabajo matemático. Las mayores sensaciones de agrado, desánimo y descontrol, se generan en estas fases. Ambos grupos regulan sus reacciones emocionales para persistir en la tarea, controlándose para evitar distracciones del equipo. Las estrategias de regular se activaron en la fase de matematización para ambos grupos y en el trabajo matemático en el grupo de 3°grado y, las estrategias de evaluar en la interpretación de soluciones y validación del modelo para ambos grupos. En el grupo de 3° grado emergen sensaciones de agrado y desconcierto cuando proyectan el modelo detectando fortalezas y limitaciones.