bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Blockchain-Based Robotic Process Automation Mechanism in Educational Setting
Authors: Sibanyoni Nhlanhla Andrew
Published: March 2021

Blockchain technology and robotic process automation are increasingly the focus of attention in research, as these are both used successfully in business, marketing, manufacturing, and finance. However, their application in educational contexts is still emerging. This chapter uses an illustrative example of an online school registration system to explore how a blockchain-based robotic process automation mechanism can resolve the inherent challenges. The proposed system allows parents to register their Grade 1 and Grade 8 children for their school of choice. There is competition for places in certain schools and a history of unfair allocation of educational resources; hence, there is mistrust. To counter this threat, this study proposes a blockchain-based robotic automation process mechanism to fairly and transparently allocate educational resources. It recommends that further design science research be conducted in which the blockchain is supplemented by additional technological processes to enhance data-sharing in educational settings.
Blockchain Technology
Authors: Mahmood Zaigham
Published: March 2021

Blockchain technology is probably the most attractive innovation since the emergence of the internet. Blockchain refers to an open distributed ledger spread across multiple computers that hold digitally recorded transactions in a much more efficient, transparent, and secure manner. A blockchain consists of a number of blocks, each containing data relating to digital assets and a hash header that links it to the previous block in the chain. The blocks are linked together, and new blocks can be added and removed, following a process of consensus. Also, those involved in the transactions can share the distributed digital ledger without needing a centralized intermediary. This chapter aims to introduce blockchain technology and discuss the use cases and initiatives in various sectors of the society, in particular within the blockchain product vendors and service providers. Characteristics, benefits, types, underlying technologies, and platforms are also discussed for the sake of completeness.
Corporate Sustainability
Authors: Bąk Iwona , Cheba Katarzyna
Published: March 2021

This research provides a comprehensive review of corporate sustainability literature in various application areas. The chapter also highlights the gaps in clearly explaining the scope for it extending and incorporating the term of corporate sustainability into other research areas. The main advantage of this study is that it provides an insight into the state of the art of corporate sustainability in various application areas and future development and research directions. In addition to the literature review in this area, the chapter also presents numerous examples of the understanding of corporate sustainability by various business organizations. The chapter analyses nearly 200 different publications in this field available in the Web of Science database. In addition to quantitative analyses, in-depth qualitative research was also carried out.
Interdiffusion in CMSX-4 Related Ni-Base Alloy System at a Supersolvus Temperature
Authors: Epishin Alexander , Chyrkin Anton , Camin Bettina , Saillard Romain , Gouy Sophie , Viguier Bernard
Published: March 2021

Interdiffusion in Ni-base superalloy CMSX-4 and alloys related to CMSX-4 was investigated at the temperature 1288 °C, which is 8 °C above the γ’-solvus temperature of this superalloy, 1280 °C. This temperature is of a special interest because it is a temperature of hot isostatic pressing applied to CMSX-4 and modeling of this process needs verified diffusion data for this specific temperature. Various diffusion couples were assembled from the investigated alloys, annealed at 1288 °C and studied by electron probe microanalysis. So far as the annealing temperature was higher than the γ’-solvus temperature of CMSX-4 and other investigated alloys have no strengthening γ’-phase, interdiffusion occurred in the fcc solid solutions of nickel. It was found that in the case when the γ’-forming and γ-stabilizing elements diffuse in the same direction (towards nickel) the diffusion rate accelerates, but when they diffuse in the opposite directions (counter diffusion) it slows down. Such an interdiffusion behavior is in agreement with the results predicted with diffusion simulation software Dictra.
The Effect of Dolomite Addictive Ratio on Torrified Cassava Rhizome in the Biomass Combustion Process
Authors: Thuchayapong Nat , Tharawadee Nattawut
Published: March 2021

This research studies on the effect of additive (Dolomite) on Biomass powder (Cassava rhizome) which passes Torrefied process and fixed bed at 250 degrees Celsius for one hour and a half. The gasifier with up-draft type was used in this experiment. Air pressure was fixed at 0.1 Bar. The useful heat (Quseful) and Low heating valves (LHV) was investigated by using an Automatic Bomb Calorimeter. Moreover, the dolomite was varied 0, 10 and 15% by weight mixed with Cassava rhizome achieved with Torrefied process. When Low heating valves (LHV) slightly decreases from 21.96±0.22 MJ/kg to 18.15±0.50 MJ/kg, Quseful heat from the burning from gasifier sharply increase when it is mixed with dolomite from 753.34±39.18 to 1,003.97±33.49KJ respectively. The loading of dolomite has significance affecting the useful heat. The present study reveals that low heating valves (LHV) decreases and Quseful heat increase result from dolomite which gives a clean gas product and the Tar molecule can be easily broken. The CO2 gas from the combustion process was absorbed by CaO, which is the main component in dolomite. The cost of mixing 8.9% of Dolomite with Cassava rhizome is the optimum ratio for the biomass combustion process.
Investigation of the Microwave Absorption Properties of Fe Based Nanocomposites
Authors: Otmane Fadhéla , Triaa Salim , Hamlati Zineb , Boumagouda Ridha , Kara Farid
Published: March 2021

The objective of this work was to provide information about the behaviour of Fe-based nanocomposites when exposed to microwaves. It is about rectangular bulk samples of epoxy resin reinforced by nanocrystalline Fe powders and shaped in accordance to the internal section of the R100 metallic waveguide (8.2 to 12.4 GHz) at a fixed thickness of 7 mm. The nanocrystalline Fe powders were obtained by high-energy mechanical milling process using a planetary Retsch PM 400-ball mill. The milling speed was fixed at 200 rpm for three durations and the milling process were performed under Argon atmosphere. The bulk nanocomposites were obtained by dispersion of 30% vol. of the nanocrystalline Fe powders in the resin matrix. Electromagnetic parameters as complex relative dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability, electric and magnetic loss tangent and reflection loss were calculated using reordered S parameters. The scattering parameters were characterized using a measure cell made off two metallic R100 wave-guides associated to an Agilent 8719 network analyser according to the reflection-transmission technique. The obtained spectra inform on the new electromagnetic properties as well as the absorption characteristic acquired by the bulk nanocomposites due to the presence of the nanocrystalline Fe powders.
Tidal deposits in the Early Miocene Central Paratethys: the Vučji Jarek and Čemernica members of the Macelj formation (NW Croatia)
Authors: Avanić Radovan , Pavelić Davor , Pécskay Zoltan , Miknić Mirjana , Tibljaš Darko , Wacha Lara
Published: March 2021

The Macelj formation is an informal Eggenburgian-early Ottnangian lithostratigraphic unit that is established in the area of the Hrvatsko Zagorje Basin, which represented a marginal zone of the Early Miocene Central Paratethys Sea. Modern studies, as a part of the Geologic Map of the Republic of Croatia 1:50 000 project, yielded new data that improves the knowledge of the depositional and stratigraphic characteristics of the formation. The sedimentological research within this study was focused on the two older lithostratigraphic units of the Macelj formation: the Vučji Jarek member and the Čemernica member. The Vučji Jarek mb. is represented by three facies. The Facies of horizontally bedded sandstones is characterized by mostly medium-grained, moderately sorted sandstones that reflect deposition on the foreshore to the upper shoreface. The facies of horizontally and cross-bedded glauconitic sandstones is composed of fine- to coarsegrained, well-sorted sandstones that indicate foreshore to shoreface deposition under tidal influence. The Facies of horizontally and cross-bedded pyroclastics consists of tuff, pumice, lapilli and large blocks, showing a chaotic structure in places. Deposition occurred at the shoreface under tidal influence. The Čemernica mb. is represented by the Facies of structureless clayey-silty sands that are poorly sorted and bioturbated, and indicates deposition below the fairweather wavebase, in the offshore-transition zone. Deposits of the members include marine macro- and microfossil associations. K-Ar dating of separated glauconite mineral fractions yielded an early Eggenburgian age for the Vučji Jarek mb. glauconitic sandstones (19.2±0.64 Ma) which is in accordance with biostratigraphical analyses. Sedimentological characteristics of the Eggenburgian Macelj fm., especially those that reflect the tidal influence, fit the general characteristics of the Central Paratethys Sea in the Early Miocene.
Использование методов классической и квантовой физики в биоэнергетике
Authors: Maslov Victor Pavlovich
Published: March 2021

Рассматриваются конструкции асимптотических решений линейных уравнений, связанных с уравнениями классической механики - уравнением Гамильтона-Якоби и уравнением переноса. Показано, что эти методы, а также теория механики бесконечно узких пучков в целом применимы к некоторым объектам биоэнергетики, если тонкие биологические объекты типа древесных лучин, соломы, пеллетных гранул и т. п. аппроксимировать бесконечно узкими пучками.
О свойствах решений двух дифференциальных уравнений второго порядка со свойством Пенлеве
Authors: Tsegel'nik Vladimir Vladimirovich
Published: March 2021

Рассмотрена система Гамильтона, эквивалентная по одной из компонент уравнению Пенлеве II, а по другой - уравнению Пенлеве XXXIV. Получена пара преобразований Беклунда (прямое и обратное) решений уравнения Пенлеве XXXIV. На основании этого получено нелинейное функциональное соотношение, связывающее решения уравнения Пенлеве XXXIV при различных значениях входящего в него параметра. Получено нелинейное дифференциальное уравнение второго порядка второй степени с произвольной аналитической функцией $F(t)$ и произвольным параметром $\gamma$, являющееся уравнением типа Пенлеве, которое при $\gamma=1$ есть каноническое уравнение XXVII из списка Айнса в случае $m=2$. Получено уравнение типа Пенлеве, сводящееся к указанному выше уравнению при $F(t)=-t$, $\gamma=0$. Показано, что прямое и обратное преобразования Беклунда для указанного уравнения совпадают с парой преобразований Беклунда для уравнения Пенлеве XXXIV.
Evaluation of tigernut accessions in Ghana for proximate and mineral	composition
Authors: Donkor E.F. , Nyadanu D. , Dapaah H.K.
Published: March 2021

Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.) is a nutritious, yet underutilised crop in Ghana. The objective of this study was to characterise Ghanaian tigernut accessions for proximate and mineral composition, as a guide for breeders for varietal development. Field and laboratory studies were conducted on 24 tigernut accessions from major growing areas of Ghana. The accessions were cultivated during the minor the growing season (September - November), at the Multipurpose Nursery of the University of Education, Winneba, Asante Mampong in Ghana. The nuts were analysed for proximate (carbohydrate, energy, moisture, ether extract, crude fiber, crude protein and ash) and mineral (potassium, phosphorus and calcium) composition. There were significant (P<0.05) differences among accessions for all traits studied. Accessions were clustered in a dendrogram by colour and geographical origin and PC1 and PC2 explained more than 80% of the total variations among the accessions, with carbohydrate and energy being the major contributors to the total variation. Accessions DY, BKB, KAB, TPY, CCY, WY2 and WY1, which recorded high levels of proximate and mineral compositions, may be considered for breeding programmes to provide high nutrient varieties of tigernut in Ghana.
Differential and comparative screening of cowpea varieties to Striga gesnerioides (Willd.) Vatke for race specific identification in Burkina Faso
Authors: Sawadogo P. , Ouedraogo T.J. , Dieni Z. , Batieno T.B.J. , Sawadogo N. , Poda S.L. , Zongo H. , Gnankambary K. , Tignegre J.B.S. , Sawadogo M.
Published: March 2021

Significant efforts have been made to develop cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) varieties resistant to Striga gesnerioides in Burkina Faso. Despite these efforts, the resistant genotypes developed still express differential responses to Striga gesnerioides in different zones of the country. This suggests existence of intraspecific variability within the parasite. The objective of this study was to assess the intraspecific variability of cowpea genotypes to Striga gesnerioides infection in Burkina Faso. Ten cowpea varieties were screened over two consecutive years, under artificial infestation with 30 ecotypes of Striga seeds at Kamboinsé research station, in a screenhouse in Burkina Faso. Cowpea varieties used included Moussa local, Komsaré and KVx404-8-1, which are susceptible to all Striga ecotypes; and varieties B301, IT93K-693-2 and IT82D-849, which are free from all Striga ecotypes infestation. Cowpea varieties Tiligré, 524B, local Gorom and Niizwè had specific reactions depending on the ecotypes. The study highlights the existence of varietal specificities according to the geographical origin of Striga gesnerioides seeds. The structuring of the intraspecific diversity showed five biotypes, of which three were clearly identified as SG1, SG5 and SG Kp races; and two biotypes could not be identified. Although this study did not allow for a clear determination of the racial affiliation of the two new biotypes, it offers the possibility of developing new strategies to control Striga by focusing on the selection of resistant varieties based on regional specificities of Striga races in each agricultural zone.
Comparison of Mortality Rate Between Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty and Proximal Femoral Nail Anti-rotation for Intertrochanteric Fractures in Sanglah Hospital, Bali
Authors: Dusak I Wayan Suryanto , Aryana I Gusti Ngurah Wien , Dharmayuda Cokorda Gde Oka , Subawa I Wayan , Nugraha Hans Kristian , Susila Made Arya , Mahadhana Sri
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Intertrochanteric fractures occur in about 50% of all hip fracture events, with a mortality rate within 1 year after fracture reaching 15 to 20%. The most common treatment nowadays is either the bipolar hemiarthroplasty procedure or proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA), although there is still no consensus regarding which is better from the two, especially on patient mortality.Method: This study was an observational study using a retrospective cohort design. A total of 102 study subjects who met the inclusion requirements were grouped into 2 groups, one with bipolar hemiarthroplasty fixation treatment and another with PFNA fixation treatment. Mortality rate was recorded by survey 2 years after surgery.Results: Chi-square test showed that 2-year mortality rate after intertrochanteric fracture treated with bipolar hemiarthroplasty (21.4%) was significantly higher than the PFNA group (10.3%) (p = 0.028). Bipolar hemiarthroplasty group also had longer length of stay (50%) than the PFNA group (32.4%), albeit statistically insignificant (p = 0.13). There was no significant difference between the 2-year mortality rate and length of stay (p = 0.976).Conclusion: Patients with intertrochanteric fractures who underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty have significantly higher 2- year mortality rate than similar patients underwent fixation with PFNA, while they did not experience higher length of stay than the PFNA group. Future prospective, multi center study with larger sample size will be likely to validate similar fixation choice needed to decrease the mortality rate in intertrochanteric fractures.
More Tools for the Synthesist’s Toolbag in Harris Cooper’s Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis: A Step-by-Step Approach (4th ed.)
Authors: Hansen Carla
Published: March 2021

The need for research synthesis grows along with the volume of contemporary published scholarship. Reporting such synthesis warrants rigorous guidelines for preparing these important, information-rich documents that make statements concerning the state of knowledge about a topic, gaps in knowledge, or the aggregation or integration of primary research. Cooper’s revised and expanded fourth edition of Research Synthesis and Meta­Analysis: A Step-by-Step Approach (2010) provides these needed guidelines with special attention given to the threats to validity at all steps of the research synthesis process.
Picture This: A Review of Doing Visual Ethnography: Images, Media, and Representation in Research by Sarah Pink
Authors: Riviera Diana
Published: March 2021

In Doing Visual Ethnography: Images, Media, and Representation in Research, Pink (2001) provides the reader with an explanation of an innovative and interesting ethnographic method. She presents two of her research studies as examples. One, of women and bullfighting in Spain, and the other, related to economic inequalities in Guinea Bissau, show the reader the different ways that visual tools can be utilized and manipulated when paired with ethnographic research. She mentions the appropriateness of using photography, video, and hypermedia and why these serve as convenient tools; she also emphasizes the factors that produce the justifiable use for visual ethnography.
Review of Carolyn Ellis' Book, Revision: Autoethnographic Reflections of Life and Work
Authors: Sutton-Brown Camille
Published: March 2021

In Revision: Autoethnographic Reflections of Life and Work (2008), Carolyn Ellis demonstrates a striking ability to tell stories while simultaneously interrogating their meanings. Ellis uses autoethnography and meta-autoethnography to write herself and others into stories which connect to issues that extend beyond the particular characters in the stories. This book demonstrates the value that autoethnography can offer to researcher, reader, academia, as well as to community practice. This review introduces the term experiential layering as a way to describe Ellis' revisioning of the stories that she presented in The Ethnographic I.
How to Read and Review a Book like a Qualitative Researcher
Authors: Chenail Ronald
Published: March 2021

Reading a book with the intention of composing a review demands certain skills on the part of the reader that may differ when the goal of the read is for pleasure or scholarship. To help these reviewing readers to produce creative and useful review, the employment of qualitative research perspectives and procedures is suggested for reading books in a systematic matter leading to reviews that not only share the contents of the texts, but also transform the meaning of the texts producing new insights for the texts' authors and readers alike.
How I Learned to Design and Conduct Semi-structured Interviews: An Ongoing and Continuous Journey
Authors: Rabionet Silvia
Published: March 2021

Qualitative interviewing is a flexible and powerful tool to capture the voices and the ways people make meaning of their experience Learning to conduct semi-structure interviews requires the following six stages: (a) selecting the type of interview; (b) establishing ethical guidelines, (c) crafting the interview protocol; (d) conducting and recording the interview; (e) crafting the interview protocol; and (f) reporting the findings. A researcher's personal journey in crafting an interview protocol to interview HIV researchers is summarized. She highlights that training and experience are crucial and identifies some readings that can help in the process.
Successfully Writing and Defending the Dissertation Proposal: A Review of Designing Qualitative Research
Authors: Riviera Diana
Published: March 2021

Designing Qualitative Research (5th ed.) by Catherine Marshall and Gretchen B. Rossman (2011) is, in my opinion, a book of compiled elements central to the design and defense of the qualitative research proposal. The authors provide invaluable examples through the use of vignettes. Overall, the book is an easy read that is essentially divided into two parts: research design and proposal defense. As a whole, this book is a useful tool for anyone taking on a qualitative research study for the first time.
How Institutional Context Shapes the Accounts of School Choice and Boundary-Making Among Middle Class Parents in an Urban School District
Authors: Knudson Paul
Published: March 2021

This paper explores how urban middle-class parents with children at the elementary school level construct accounts about school choice in comparison to parents with children at the middle and high school levels. Previous studies have largely focused on the former. Data for this study come from in-depth interviews with 44 parents who enrolled their children in an urban school district. Findings suggest that parents’ choices and narratives concerning schools are affected by the school district’s institutional context. Parents with children at the elementary school level largely avoided their neighborhood-designated schools and secured spots in the city’s more desirable magnet schools. The group distinctions created at this level were “bad schools” and “bad parents” versus “good schools” and “good parents.” Parents with children in the middle and high school years similarly avoided the district’s general programs and secured the desirable slots in those schools’ academically segregated honors, AP, and IB programs. Distinctions created here were between “good students” and “bad students” and parents employed highly individualistic notions of educational success. The findings suggest that even parents with progressive social values rely on school and academic segregation to secure valued resources for their children. Districts that value integration therefore must develop robust programs to counter the self-segregation of middle-class families.
Experiences of Mothers of LGBTQ Children in Serbia: What Comes After Coming Out?
Authors: Mirković Vedrana , Jerković Ivan
Published: March 2021

Coming out process is a necessary step for a LGBTQ person in order to develop integrative sexual and transgender identity (Cass, 1984; Manning, 2014). and mental health of LGBTQ people is under strong influence by the family and social support and their reactions to coming out (D’Augelli, 2002; Ryan et al., 2010; Ryan, Legate, & Winstein, 2015). The goal of the present research is to explore what is the experience of mothers of LGBTQ children in Serbia after the children’s coming out? Using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, 2015), this study explored the experience of eight mothers of LGBTQ youth in Serbia after their children came out. From the analysis 4 main themes emerged: We started a conversation, and then he told me everything: what, how, where” – The context of finding out, “…and that is something very terrifying, that someone could hurt my child because he is what he is” – Mothers’ reactions, “I needed to see that he is completely well” – Process of adaptation, “Are we strong enough to bear all that?” – Parent and family identity. The results have shown that after finding out, mothers have a broad variety of reactions from surprise and shock to anger and sadness (Ben-Ari, 1989), after which the process of accepting child’s identity begins. That process was composed of different questions and challenges mothers faced and needed to overcome, either with professional or support from co-parent, with social support and information gathered from children or internet. The adaptation process resulted in integration of child’s identity in family’s identity, showing a developmental path mothers go through in order to accept child’s identity, but also showing possibilities for practical interventions in working with LGBTQ children and their families.
Impact of Perceived Organizational Support on Job Satisfaction with Mediating Role of Employee Motivation: Evidence from Pharmaceutical Sector of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors:   Lahore College for Women University, Imtiaz Kizal
Published: March 2021

The article aims at investigating the mediating role of employee motivation between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. To fulfill the objective of the research data was collected from pharmaceutical sector of Lahore, Pakistan through questionnaire. Cronbach alpha was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire by using SPSS-20. Regression analysis and soble test was used to measure the mediation between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. The results indicate employees' motivation fully mediates the relationship between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. This study is helpful for the concerned authorities for future policy making in order to motivate and satisfy the employees. Furthermore, perceived organizational support is the major factor to be focused by the organizations to motivate or increase the level of satisfaction of the employees.
Evolução do sistema de transmissão de energia elétrica, após a crise energética de 2001
Authors: Macedo Humberto Rodrigues , De Souza Kaisson Teodoro
Published: March 2021

Dentre os elementos que constituem o sistema elétrico, a linha de transmissão é o elo fundamental para interligar as unidades geradoras e as unidades consumidoras de energia elétrica. O país utiliza o Sistema Interligado Nacional – SIN, que oferece vantagens de logística em relação ao transporte de energia elétrica, aproveitando a diversidade hidrológica e as características sazonais das regiões. Neste contexto, as linhas de transmissão passam a ter fundamental importância para o equilíbrio e a eficiência do sistema elétrico. A crise energética ocorrida em 2001 deixou clara a necessidade de maiores investimentos no setor elétrico, tanto na geração de energia, quanto no sistema de transmissão. A taxa média de crescimento das linhas de transmissão durante a década de 1990 não passou de 1,7%. Após a crise de energia elétrica de 2001, conhecida como “apagão”, as instituições do setor energético passaram por uma reestruturação e foram criadas novas instituições como o Comitê de Monitoramento do Setor Elétrico - CMSE e a Empresa de Pesquisa Energética – EPE. Estas instituições, incorporadas às já existentes, passaram a ter a missão de evitar novas crises, buscar a modicidade tarifária e a universalização da energia elétrica, dentre outras. A partir de 2001 foi constatado o aumento da taxa média de crescimento da oferta de transmissão em relação ao decênio anterior. A expansão da fronteira de geração para a região Norte prevista no Plano Decenal de Expansão de Energia 2010 – 2019 contribuiu para a criação de linhas de transmissão com extensões superiores a 2.000 km. Ampliando consideravelmente o Sistema Interligado e modificando a integração eletroenergética no Brasil, sobretudo com a transmissão da energia gerada nos rios da bacia amazônica para as regiões Sudeste e Nordeste, e a utilização de novas tecnologias de transmissão.
A estética da identidade: perspectivas historiograficas do gaúcho na arte monumental – o caso de “Bento Gonçalves”, “O Laçador” e “El Gaucho Oriental”
Authors: Lima Henrique Pereira
Published: March 2021

O potencial cognitivo da arte enunciado através de sua conexão com o imaginário social que o gesta, faz da arte – sobretudo a pública – um sistema explicativo da constituição e organização social. Assim, a interface arte/historiografia, através de seus próprios sistemas e metodologias, é constituída enquanto são buscadas a compreensão e a explicação das tensões sociais. Quando o mundo subjetivo (arte) encontra-se com o objetivo (racionalização da história) os monumentos localizados na cidade de Porto Alegre – Rio Grande do Sul, “Bento Gonçalves”, “O Laçador” e “O Gaúcho Oriental” dão forma a interface conceitual onde história, historiografia e imaginário dão azo a diferentes representações das ideologias hegemônicas nas sociedades e nas temporalidades que foram gestaram. E, a partir desse olhar, as relações sociais, a consciência social que é orientada pela identidade “gaúcho” podem ser (re) pensadas e, tal como o discurso artístico, podem ser legitimadas, ou questionadas sejam coletiva ou individualmente.
Spectrum gamma radiation, rainfalls and radon gas measurements during 2019 and 2020 in tropical region of Brazil
Authors: Martin Inacio Malmonge
Published: March 2021

Environmental gamma radiation spectra close to the ground, rains and radon gas were monitored during the years 2019 and 2020 in the city of São Jose dos Campos, SP, tropical region of Brazil. The measurements showed the presence of Talium-238, Potassium-40, Bismuth-214 and Lead-214 in the photon energy range between (0.2-5.0) MeV with the time of one-hour measurement of sampling. The typical integrated count rate between each minute of gamma radiation in the same energy interval was 39000 counts / minutes, mean value, during all time of 110000 minutes of net measurements. The peaks observed in the gamma radiation count in this time and energy interval correspond to the presence of intense rains present in the region. With 1 hour of measurement in the region as a minimum sampling time and using a (3x3) inch sodium iodide spectrometer, it was possible to distinguish the radioactive elements in that region. Up to a height of 30 meters above the ground there was no difference in the radiation spectrum measured. The appearance of gamma ray peaks during rapid and intense rains on the site is due the presence of radon gas in these rains is increasing. It is the phenomenon of washing the radon gas in air during the rains. With weak and continuous rains in the place this phenomenon does not appear. Right in this tropical region of Brazil, the presence of radon gas ejection from the soil was the main responsible for the intensity and variation of x and gamma radiation.
Resolução de problemas de estrutura aditiva: a compreensão de uma professora de primeira série
Authors: Gonçalves Alex Oleandro
Published: March 2021

Este artigo é resultado de um estudo de caso que foi elaborado com o objetivo de investigar nas aulas de matemática elementos da prática de sala de aula que caracterizassem conceitos teóricos referentes ao campo das Estruturas Aditivas, analisando os problemas e atividades propostos pela professora regente com base nos estudos de autores, teóricos e pesquisadores da Teoria dos Campos Conceituais, especificamente, o campo das Estruturas Aditivas. Esta teoria foi proposta por Gerard Vergnaud, à qual permite compreender melhor como o aluno aprende conceitos matemáticos referentes às operações de adição e subtração. Foram realizadas quatro sessões de observação em uma turma de numa escola pública da região metropolitana de Curitiba, durante os meses de abril e agosto do ano de 2007, em dias combinados com a professora regente, nos quais realizaria o trabalho de resolução de problemas de estrutura aditiva. Trata-se de uma primeira série do ensino fundamental ou segundo ano do atual regime de nove anos, com 27 alunos. Dessas quatro sessões de atividades, foram selecionadas duas que foram consideradas mais relevantes para o estudo. Algumas perguntas abertas foram feitas à professora regente com o intuito de esclarecer alguns pontos da observação. Os resultados apontam para o fato de que a prática docente com relação à resolução de problemas de estrutura aditiva está fundamentada, basicamente na troca de experiência entre professores de uma mesma escola, às vezes, sem muita reflexão. Outro aspecto indica que a professora desconhece a Teoria dos Campos Conceituais e trabalha isoladamente cada operação, priorizando o cálculo escrito sem estabelecer relação entre estas operações.
Efectos de un programa de gimnasia cerebral sobre la lectura crítica de los estudiantes admitidos en la universidad popular del Cesar
Authors: Colina María Mercedes , Carrillo Lesby Johanna Lora , Hernández Álvaro Arrieta
Published: March 2021

La presente investigación tiene el objetivo determinar los efectos de un programa de gimnasia cerebral sobre la lectura crítica de los estudiantes admitidos en la Universidad Popular del Cesar, para lo cual se realizó una revisión d de textos y artículos indexados, considerando las posturas epistemológicas Pérez, (2014), Romero, (2014), Cely & Sierra, (2011), López (2011), Baquerizo, (2013), entre otros. En este sentido, se pretende describir los niveles de comprensión de lectura crítica antes y después de la aplicación del programa de gimnasia cerebral para comparar los hallazgos, evaluando de los resultados en función de mejorar los niveles de lectura crítica. En cuanto a la metodología la investigación es de tipo experimental con nivel explicativo bajo la modalidad de experimento de campo, con un diseño cuasi experimental con pre y post prueba del grupo control y experimental. La población estará conformada por 82 estudiantes admitidos para el periodo II del año 2018 en la asignatura de fundamentos de psicología, del turno matutino cuyas edades comprenden entre los 17 a 19 años, bajo una muestra intencional, para la correspondencia del instrumento se requerirán 3 expertos y para su confiabilidad se utilizará el método de cálculo de Kuder Richardson. Con resultados esperados se pretende mostrar productos tangibles y medibles generando impacto en los procesos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes; para los docentes la aplicación de estrategias innovadoras que conlleven a mejorar los niveles de aprendizajes de lectura crítica, a través del programa de gimnasia cerebral.
Henciclopedia, Humanidades y una campaña contra la analfabetización del Uruguay
Authors: Gregory Stephen
Published: March 2021

The author examines the campaign in two online, free-access Uruguayan publications, Henciclopedia and Interruptor, for the reassertion and renovation of the Humanities in the age of Tweets and Messaging under an aggressive neoliberal capitalism that threatens to commercialize and quantify all forms of knowledge acquisition and transmission. The group responsible for these digital publications were responding to the war waged against the Humanities in Universities and High-schools by reductionist State education policies that emphasized only utilitarian criteria to establish priorities in secondary and tertiary education. The article also examines the debate among different members of the group between traditional and poststructuralist accounts of the continuing value of writing and reading literature and their relationship to changing approaches to the notion of “Truth”.
Estudio analitico arqueomético de dos collares de cuentas de piedra del museo nacional de etnografía y folklore, mediante técnica de FRX-ED
Authors: Criales Juan Villanueva , Tola Heidi Ruth Mamani , Cirpa Mishka Huanca , Calcina Primitivo Alanoca , Basagoitia José Alfredo Campos , Cazas Mario Blanco
Published: March 2021

Este trabajo presenta los primeros avances en el estudio de cuentas de collar prehispánicas de la colección del Museo Nacional de Etnografía y Folklore (MUSEF) empleando técnica de Fluorescencia de Rayos X por Energía Dispersiva (FRX-ED), en una colaboración interdisciplinaria entre el MUSEF y el Instituto Boliviano de Ciencia y Tecnología Nuclear (IBTEN). Se presentan los métodos, muestra y resultados del análisis FRX-ED de 48 cuentas de collar, agrupadas en dos collares líticos, que fueron analizadas por esta técnica no destructiva a fin de avanzar en el conocimiento del origen y conformación de ambos collares. Los resultados permiten sugerir, aunque no confirmar, que la materia prima de ambos collares es lapislázuli, pero sobre todo revelan mayor heterogeneidad química en uno de los collares que en otro. Este resultado permite abrir nuevas preguntas, en torno a si estos dos agrupamientos de cuentas son en efecto fenómenos prehispánicos o ensamblajes posteriores, hechos en tiempos del coleccionismo. Asimismo, denota la necesidad de involucrarse a futuro en estudios de procedencia y en interacciones investigativas con países vecinos.
School organization and confinement. Didactic focused on reducing the impact of covid. Peiwecs
Authors: Galian Andrea Luaces , Nicolás Ángela García , Alonso Jose María Rabal
Published: March 2021

Emotions are present in our lives since we are born and play an important role in the construction of our personality and social interaction. School is another area of ​​knowledge and experiences in which emotions develop since education contemplates the integral development of people. This can start from Early Childhood Education. For this, the figure of the teacher is relevant, since it is the one that provides the monitoring programs, becoming a model for the students, with which they can acquire the development of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence that will make them adapt to society and they will acquire a personal motivation towards any element that we propose. This will lead to proper affective growth in which you must learn to manage both positive and negative emotions. But for this, the teacher must individualize the teaching to each of his students, since each student in the personal sphere has experienced different situations with different contexts. Thus, pedagogical action aims to promote the acquisition of emotional skills through strategies and experiences such as stories, puppets, some dramatizations and the use of resources from everyday life.
Apps as a learning vehicle in urban naturing and sports fields
Authors: Perdigones Alicia , Ruiz-Mazarrón Fernando , Cañas Ignacio , García José Luis
Published: March 2021

Electronic devices represent an opportunity for the teaching-learning process in the classroom, especially at the present time, where in many university centers, due to health security, teaching has become online. The use of apps (applications) or what is the same, applications for mobile devices such as tablets or smartphones, is increasing in the private sphere, there are applications for the calculation of distances and speeds traveled, or geolocation. There are also interesting applications to be used at the University through the practices of subjects oriented towards engineering and the professional environment. Examples could be applications that allow you to work with devices as if they were an accelerometer, surface calculators, or apps that allow you to detect diseases in plants or irrigation needs. Determining the electronic support most used by students in the classroom will allow to know the possibilities of incorporating these applications in the university environment to face-to-face teaching.
Efectos del ejerciciofísico en personas con discapacidad intelectual y trastornos de la conducta
Authors: Domingo Ona Palau , Lusilla Sergi Hernandez , López Maricarmen Núñez , Iribarren Jorge Berdegal
Published: March 2021

Las conductas desafiantes, heteroagresivas o autolesivas se presentan con mayor incidencia en la población con discapacidad intelectual (Emerson y Einfeld, 2011), dificultando su inclusión en la sociedad. Una estrategia para disminuir la incidencia de estas conductas es la realización de ejercicio físico. Cabe decir, que existen pocos estudios acerca de esta temática, aquellos importantes, muestran resultados significativos respecto las conductas problema.

La hipótesis inicial es que se espera que aquellas personas atendidas que realizan más horas de ejercicio físico tengan menos incidencias o hagan menos uso de medidas restrictivas mejorando su condición física.Este estudio se ha llevado a cabo con una muestra de 50 personas residentes en unidades de trastornos de la conducta (SJDTLL). Se ha realizado un análisis estadístico basado en el número de incidencias, uso de medidas restrictivas, y el número de horas  de ejercicio físico realizadas semanalmente. No hemos encontrado datos significativos que indiquen menos incidencias a más ejercicio físico y mejora del la condición física, otros estudios (Goodwin, Richards,  Taylor, Taylor y Campbell, 2008) determinan mejoría conductual cuando la persona practica diariamente una o más sesiones a la semana de ejercicio físico.
CODE SWITCHING USED BY ENGLISH TEACHER AT ISLAM TIRTAYASA JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL (EIGHT GRADE)
Authors: Amalia Lia , Gunawan Riki
Published: March 2021

Objective of this research is to explain the use of code switching by English teachers in classroom during learning activities. This research uses qualitative approach with a case study design, the research subject is an English teacher at Islam Tirtayasa Junior High School. Collecting data in this study using data display, data reduction and drawing conclusions. The focus of this research is the use of code switching by English teachers in online classroom during the learning process and the sub focus of the research is the types of code switching used by the English teacher and the reasons for using code switching. The result of this research is to find the type of code switching usage and the reasons for using code switching by English teachers in online classroom during the learning process. The conclusion is there are three types of code switching used by English teachers during the learning process in the classroom. Namely: First, inter sentential code switching, which is 64 times. Second, Intra-sentential code switching 31 times. Third, Tag switching 10 times. Then some reasons why English teachers use code switching, namely: First, Talking about Particular topic. Second is Interjection. Third is Repitition for Clarification. Fourth is Expressing for Group Identity
A gestão democrática via conselhos escolares
Authors: Lima de Assis Ana Cláudia , Assis João Batista Lima de , Santos Jean Mac Cole Tavares
Published: March 2021

No âmbito da democracia, em tempos neoliberais, no Ceará, centramos esse estudo no processo de democratização da Escola Pública, a partir do Conselho Escolar, trabalhando as relações entre os diferentes atores envolvidos no contexto da escola em termos de partilha de poder. Tomamos como lócus de investigação o município de Baturité, trabalhando com duas escolas públicas da rede estadual de ensino. Para apropriação da realidade educacional do Maciço de Baturité, foi efetivado pesquisa exploratória de mapeamento da realidade, partindo da visão regional para o olhar local. Afirma-se, no cenário de Baturité, um momento marcado por uma euforia e convites à participação. Nesse sentido, levado pelos ventos democráticos, se dá a criação/revitalização de vários conselhos de políticas públicas.
Perceived parenting styles and primary attachment styles of single and children living with both parents
Authors: Mehr-un-Nisa Idrees  , Syeda Mehreen Zahra  , Fatima Naeem
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: The study investigates the association between perceived primary parenting styles and attachment styles between single parent children and children living with both parents.
Methods: A correlational research study was carried out on a sample of 200 children, 100single parent children (Boys=50; Girls=50) taken from single parent families living in child protection and welfare bureau and 100 children living with both parents (Boys=50; Girls=50) enrolled in different grades taken from a private school of Lahore, through purposive sampling strategy. The study was carried out at Lahore Garrison University from September 2017 to march 2017.After obtaining permission from authorities, children were given Parental Authority Questionnaireand the Urdu version of Inventory of Parental and Peer attachment.
Results:The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between permissive parenting styles with mother’scommunication (*p<.05); authoritarian parenting style has negative correlation with parental communication, and trust(***p<.001). Authoritative parenting has significant positive relationship with trust (***p<.001), and communication with parents (***p<.001), negative relationship between authoritative parenting with feeling alienated from parents (*p<.01). The resultsof t-test also revealed that single parent children perceive their parents as authoritarian (***p<.001) and had more alienated attachment with parents (***p<.001), whereas children living with both parents had more trust (***p<.001) and had better communication with their parents (***p<.001).
Conclusion: Current research is insightful in understanding the role of parents and different parenting styles in building up strong parent child attachment.
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Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery Systems: A Review of Recent Developments
Authors: Alawdi Sharaf , Solanki Ajay B.
Published: March 2021

Purpose: The aim of this article is to present a review of mucoadhesion drug delivery systems. The review covers the mucoadhesive concepts, polymers used, theories and mechanisms of mucoadhesion, and factors affecting the mucoadhesive dosage forms.
Study Design: An extensive review was carried out on mucoadhesion formulations, applications, mechanisms, theories, and polymers used in these dosage forms.
Results: Mucoadhesive drug delivery system can interact with the mucus membrane, which covers the mucin molecules and mucosal epithelial surface. This interaction leads to an increment of the dosage form residence time at the site of absorption and hence increasing the bioavailability, efficacy of drugs, and improving therapeutic outcomes. Polymers are used to provide muco-adhesion of the dosage form, enhancing drug release pattern, solubility and dissolution of inadequately soluble drugs.
Conclusion: Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems were found to be the best alternative approaches for the traditional dosage forms to enhance bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs and to avoid GIT degradation and first pass metabolism of some drugs.
STATE AND LEGAL EXPANSION
Authors: Толченкин Д.А.
Published: March 2021

Аннотация. В статье рассмотрена государственно-правовая характеристика экспансии как политики государства и (или) общественных объединений, направленной на расширение своего политического, экономического, духовнокультурного влияния на окружающие страны и народы с целью их подчинения собственным интересам. Предложена авторская классификация экспансия.

Annotation. The article examines the state and legal characteristics of expansion as a policy of the state and (or) public associations aimed at expanding their political, economic, spiritual and cultural influence on the surrounding countries and peoples in order to subordinate them to their own interests. The author's classification of expansion is proposed.
La crítica de Hegel a la razón práctica de Kant
Authors: Ramos Luna Irving Ismael
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo tiene como propósito reconstruir de manera re- sumida la crítica que se desprende de las obras de Hegel de los años 1801 a 1803 hacia la razón práctica del proyecto crítico de Kant. La pertinencia de considerar este periodo reside en que se ubica en el contexto de la incipiente diferenciación entre el idealismo trascendental y el idealismo absoluto, propiciada por el proyecto hegelia- no de una nueva lógica y de una rehabilitación de la metafísica en aquellos años, cuyo desarrollo habría de llevar a Hegel a un fuerte enfrentamiento con Kant en lo referente a las Ideas de la razón, el cual culminaría con Creer y saber de 1803. Nuestra reconstrucción comenzará por abordar los intereses intelectuales de Hegel en Jena en relación con la problemática del kantismo sobre las Ideas de la razón. Posteriormente, enlazaremos su concepción de la crítica con su interpretación, el tratamiento y exposición de las Ideas de la razón en el idealismo trascendental, para exponer, por último, a manera de una discusión ex concessis, su crítica a la razón práctica en los límites de Creer y saber.