bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The circadian regulator PER1 promotes cell reprogramming by inhibiting inflammatory signaling from macrophages
Authors: Katoku-Kikyo Nobuko , Lim Seunghyun , Yuan Ce , Koroth Jinsha , Nakagawa Yasushi , Bradley Elizabeth W. , Kikyo Nobuaki
Published: December 2023

Circadian regulation of gene expression is prevalent and plays critical roles in cell differentiation. However, its roles in the reprogramming of differentiated cells remain largely unknown. Here, we found that one of the master circadian regulators PER1 promoted virus-mediated reprogramming of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to induced neurons (iNs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Unexpectedly, PER1 achieved this by repressing inflammatory activation of contaminating macrophages in the MEF culture, rather than by directly modulating the reprogrammability of MEFs. More specifically, we found that transduced viruses activated inflammatory genes in macrophages, such as Tnf encoding TNFα, one of the central inflammatory regulators and an autocrine activator of macrophages. TNFα inhibited iN reprogramming, whereas a TNFα inhibitor promoted iN reprogramming, connecting the inflammatory responses to iN reprogramming. In addition, macrophages were induced to proliferate and mature by non-macrophage cells serving as feeders, which also supported up-regulation of TNFα in macrophages without virus transduction. Furthermore, the 2 inflammatory responses were repressed by the circadian regulator PER1 in macrophages, making reprogrammability dependent on time-of-day of virus transduction. Similar results were obtained with iPSC reprogramming, suggesting a wide occurrence of macrophage-mediated inhibition of cell reprogramming. This study uncovers mechanistic links between cell reprogramming, bystander inflammatory macrophages, and circadian rhythms, which are particularly relevant to in vivo reprogramming and organoid formation incorporating immune cells.
History of incarceration and age-related neurodegeneration: Testing models of genetic and environmental risks in a longitudinal panel study of older adults
Authors: Tanksley Peter T. , Logan Matthew W. , Barnes J. C.
Published: December 2023

History of incarceration is associated with an excess of morbidity and mortality. While the incarceration experience itself comes with substantive health risks (e.g., injury, psychological stress, exposure to infectious disease), most individuals eventually return from prison to the general population where they will be diagnosed with the same age-related conditions that drive mortality in the non-incarcerated population but at exaggerated rates. However, the interplay between history of incarceration as a risk factor and more traditional risk factors for age-related diseases (e.g., genetic risk factors) has not been studied. Here, we focus on cognitive impairment, a hallmark of neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, as an age-related state that may be uniquely impacted by the confluence of environmental stressors (e.g., incarceration) and genetic risk factors. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we found that incarceration andAPOE-ε4genotype (i.e., the chief genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease) both constituted substantive risk factors for cognitive impairment in terms of overall risk and earlier onset. The observed effects were mutually independent, however, suggesting that the risk conveyed by incarceration andAPOE-ε4genotype operate across different risk pathways. Our results have implications for the study of criminal-legal contact as a public health risk factor for age-related, neurodegenerative conditions.
Breakthrough infection elicits hypermutated IGHV3-53/3-66 public antibodies with broad and potent neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants including the emerging EG.5 lineages
Authors: Li Ling , Chen Xixian , Wang Zuowei , Li Yunjian , Wang Chen , Jiang Liwei , Zuo Teng
Published: December 2023

The rapid emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) calls for efforts to study broadly neutralizing antibodies elicited by infection or vaccination so as to inform the development of vaccines and antibody therapeutics with broad protection. Here, we identified two convalescents of breakthrough infection with relatively high neutralizing titers against all tested viruses. Among 50 spike-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) cloned from their B cells, the top 6 neutralizing mAbs (KXD01-06) belong to previously defined IGHV3-53/3-66 public antibodies. Although most antibodies in this class are dramatically escaped by VOCs, KXD01-06 all exhibit broad neutralizing capacity, particularly KXD01-03, which neutralize SARS-CoV-2 from prototype to the emerging EG.5.1 and FL.1.5.1. Deep mutational scanning reveals that KXD01-06 can be escaped by current and prospective variants with mutations on D420, Y421, L455, F456, N460, A475 and N487. Genetic and functional analysis further indicates that the extent of somatic hypermutation is critical for the breadth of KXD01-06 and other IGHV3-53/3-66 public antibodies. Overall, the prevalence of broadly neutralizing IGHV3-53/3-66 public antibodies in these two convalescents provides rationale for novel vaccines based on this class of antibodies. Meanwhile, KXD01-06 can be developed as candidates of therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 through further affinity maturation.
NEW OBJECTS ON THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL MAP OF THE BAYEVSKY DISTRICT
Authors:   Altai State Pedagogical University, A. BEKETOV
Published: December 2023

This article presents the results of archaeological reconnaissance, conducted by the steppe detachment of Altai State Pedagogical University led by the author of the article, from July 1 to August 30, 2020. During the reconnaissance work on the territory of the Bayevsky district of the Altai Territory, three barrow-groups were identified that had not been discovered by the previous archaeological reconaissance. A visual assessment of the identified sites, measurement and description of their metric data, description of the objects according to the GPS-coordinator were carried out. A survey of the identified sites was also conducted from the point of view of hydrography and landscape of the surveyed area. The identified sites were named Bashlyki-1, Sitnikovo-3, Rybnye Borki-2.
CAST-IRON TOMBSTONES OF THE 18TH - THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTRURIES FROM THE MUSEUM COLLECTIONS OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY AND THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION (ON THE QUESTIONS OF THE MUSEUMIFICATION OF TOMBSTONES AND THE REPLENISHMENT OF THE RUSSIAN PALEOGRAPHY)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, S. PILIPENKO , N. GOLOVCHENKO ,   Altai State Pedagogical University
Published: December 2023

Information about unique cast-iron tombstones of the 18th-19th centuries is introduced into scientific circulation. Daria Timofeevna Sutupova from the collections of the Museum of Local Lore of Altai State Pedagogical University and Andrey Mikhailovich Zalesov from the Kolyvan Museum of Local Lore. The epitaphs presented on the plates have been analyzed. The attention of the scientific community is drawn to the underestimation of tombstones as significant objects of Russian archaeology at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries, as well as to the need to study Russian paleography from material sources. In the course of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that tombstones are a sign of the well-todo part of society and a valuable multidimensional historical source.
MOURNING WEEK IN THE ALTAI PROVINCE ON THE OCCASION OF THE DEATH OF V.I. LENIN (1924)
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, K. Tishkina
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the consideration of events in the Altai province in 1924 related to the perpetuation of the memory of V.I. Lenin. The sudden death of the Chairman ofthe Council of People's Commissars ofthe Soviet Union caused a great resonance in the society. From January 23 to January 27, 1924, a mourning week was declared in the USSR. On these days in all populated areas mourning activities were held. Great attention was paid these days to perpetuating the memory of the leader of the revolution. Cultural and educational institutions in the settlements of the province were named after Lenin. Citizens actively discussed the establishment of monuments. Death of V.I. Lenin was perceived as a great and irreparable loss for the state. These factors contributed to the development of a new form of agitation work, which was formed around the image of VI. Lenin as one of the ideologists of socialist construction.
EARLY MEDIEVAL EARRINGS IN THE COLLECTION OF THE MUSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY OF ALTAI ALTSU
Authors:   Altai State University, X. BOYARINTSEVA
Published: December 2023

The article examines the materials of the collections of the Early Middle Ages of the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of AltSU. In the course of the work, a circle of archaeological sites was established, in which earrings were documented. The time of their existence correlates with the Odintsovo and Srostkin cultures. The article contains information about the time of the findings. The location of the discovery of the earrings is marked in accordance with the burials. Quantitative information is given both on individual sites and in general. The main types of products are highlighted. The use of non-ferrous metals is noted as the material for making earrings. The analysis of the material of the collections will allow us to continue working on the formation of a database and a more detailed study of the earrings in question.
THE INITIAL STAGE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF STIRRUPS BY THE POPULATION OF FOREST-STEPPE ALTAI
Authors:   Altai State University, V. Gorbunov
Published: December 2023

The article analyses a series of 10 stirrups found in two burial grounds of the Odintsovo culture and accidentally found in the forest-steppe regions of Altai. Information about the location of stirrups in burial objects, their design features and parameters, as well as graphic images is provided. As a result of the classification procedure, the stirrups are divided into two groups, two divisions and five types, supplemented by six variants. Typological analysis made it possible to outline a circle of analogies and determine the dating of the subjects studied. The conclusion is made about the appearance of stirrups among the tribes of the Odintsovo culture under the influence of the Turks of the Altai Mountains at the turn of the 5-6th century. The initial stage of the development of stirrups by the local population can be determined within the framework of the 6th - the 1st half of the 8th centuries. It is characterized by the predominance of simple products and the following of the original Turkic tradition of placing one stirrup in the grave. The peculiarity of this stage is the use of organic materials - horns - in the manufacture of some stirrups, which is not observed in the Turkic culture.
A Congenital Portosystemic Shunt in a Child With Heterotaxy, Situs Inversus, Polysplenia, and Interrupted Inferior Vena Cava With Azygous Continuation
Authors: Carvajal Victoria , Reddy Saigopala , Gopalareddy Vani , Bean Adrienne , Wallis Gonzalo
Published: December 2023

Congenital portosystemic shunts are rare vascular malformations in which portal venous blood from the intestines and spleen bypasses the liver and diverts directly into the systemic circulation through abnormal vessels. We report a case of a 4-year-old girl with heterotaxy syndrome, polysplenia, and situs inversus presenting with persistent hypoxemia who was found to have pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) and hypoxemia secondary to a congenital portosystemic shunt. Management of this patient's PAVMs involved endovascular occlusion of the portosystemic shunt with subsequent resolution of hypoxemia. PAVMs secondary to extrahepatic portosystemic shunt should be explored as a cause of progressive cyanosis in children with heterotaxy, polysplenia, and interrupted inferior vena cava with azygous continuation.
DETERMINATION OF URBAN SPRAWL PHENOMENON IN PEKALONGAN CITY AND ITS SURROUNDING
Authors: Fatimah Endrawati , Anwar Aris Choirul
Published: December 2023

Urbanization defines as a spatial and socio-economic transformation process from rural to urban areas. While urban sprawl is the process of propagation of the appearance of urban physical characteristics from the inner city toward the urban fringe area. Pekalongan City has grown from a small town to a medium-sized city with a population of 300,000 people. This study aims to identify the phenomenon of urban sprawl in Pekalongan City and its surroundings (Pekalongan and Batang Regency) and identify the urban environment quality based on the condition of the public services availability in these urban areas. The data used in this study were the 2019 Village Potential (PODES) from the Central Agency on Statistics (BPS) and a digital base map from the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG). The urban-rural classification scoring from the BPS was used to identify urban areas as the method in this study. The results showed that 111 out of 285 villages in Pekalongan Regency and 63 out of 248 villages in Batang Regency could already be classified as urban areas and formed an urban agglomeration with Pekalongan City. This study also showed that the environmental quality in urban areas with urban sprawl phenomenon has met the standards and criteria for urban public services compared to other areas.
EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GREEN VIEW INDEX AND RUNNING ACTIVITY: A CASE STUDY OF YOGYAKARTA AND SINGAPORE USING STRAVA AND GOOGLE STREET VIEW DATA
Authors: Afrianto Firman , Roychansyah Muhammad Sani , Herwangi Yori
Published: December 2023

The Development of Geospatial Data and Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) has been significant and can be utilized in urban and regional planning. One of the notable data sources includes Google Street View and Strava running activity data. This research investigates the potential correlation between the presence of green spaces, measured by the Green View Index (GVI) using Google Street View data, and the level of running activity recorded by Strava, a popular running application. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of GVI analysis with Google Street View and Strava data, providing a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between green environments and physical activity by leveraging Big Data. In this research, two locations are compared: Yogyakarta, identified to have a low GVI category, and Singapore, identified to have a high GVI category. The findings reveal a moderate negative correlation between GVI and the Strava running index in Yogyakarta, while a moderate positive correlation is observed in Singapore. These results contribute to the growing research on urban vitality and emphasize the importance of integrating green spaces into urban planning and development using big data. This study serves as a foundation for further research on the relationship between green environments and various forms of physical activity, contributing to the development of healthier and more sustainable cities in the future.
Odpovědnost státních zaměstnanců za škodu způsobenou služebnímu úřadu
Authors: Jandová Hana , Nováková Veronika
Published: December 2023

The legal regulation of the liability of civil servants for damage caused by them to the civil service contained in Act No. 234/2014 Sb., on the Civil Service, as amended, directly refers to Act No. 262/2006 Sb., the Labour Code, as amended. However, there has been a disagreement among the professional community as to the extent to which certain legislation should be applied. The article therefore focuses on the mapping of the current legislation and its application in practice, while pointing out certain shortcomings and gaps.
Služební poměr a střet zájmů u osob blízkých
Authors: Stonjek Patrik
Published: December 2023

The topic of this paper is the conflict of interest of close persons in the civil service, specifically in the context of selection procedures. The present text focuses on the existing rules that address conflicts of interest in the selection board members and applicants for recruitment. The paper also discusses, in passing, the employment context.
K organizaci státní policie
Authors: Sládeček Vladimír
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the development of the legal regulation, more precisely with the statutory regulation, of the organization of the State Police (of the Czech Republic). The first part of the article gives an outline of the development of the legal regulation of State Police between 1947 and 1989. A more detailed account is then given to the development of the organization of the State Police after the serious political changes at the end of 1989. The second part of the paper is focused on the adoption of the Act No. 283/1991 Sb., on the Police of the Czech Republic, and its regulations regarding the organization of the State Police until its abolition in 2008. This section also recalls the debate on the new law on the State Police, which was prepared in 2000, but has not been submitted to Parliament. The new legislation, implemented by Act No. 273/2008 Sb., on the Police of the Czech Republic, is analyzed in terms of the organization of the Police in the third part of the paper. The conclusion contains an assessment of the current legislation, inter alia, in terms of access to information on the organization of the Police.
AMNES: Accelerating the Computation of Data Correlation Using FPGAs
Authors: Chiosa Monica , Preußer Thomas B. , Blott Michaela , Alonso Gustavo
Published: December 2023

A widely used approach to characterize input data in both databases and ML is computing the correlation between attributes. The operation is supported by all major database engines and ML platforms. However, it is an expensive operation as the number of attributes involved grows. To address the issue, in this paper we introduce AMNES, a stream analytics system offloading the correlation operator into an FPGA-based network interface card. AMNES processes data at network line rate and the design can be used in combination with smart storage or SmartNICs to implement near data or in-network data processing. AMNES design goes beyond matrix multiplication and offers a customized solution for correlation computation bypassing the CPU. Our experiments show that AMNES can sustain streams arriving at 100 Gbps over an RDMA network, while requiring only ten milliseconds to compute the correlation coefficients among 64 streams, an order of magnitude better than competing CPU or GPU designs.
Optimizing Data Pipelines for Machine Learning in Feature Stores
Authors: Liu Rui , Park Kwanghyun , Psallidas Fotis , Zhu Xiaoyong , Mo Jinghui , Sen Rathijit , Interlandi Matteo , Karanasos Konstantinos , Tian Yuanyuan , Camacho-Rodríguez Jesús
Published: December 2023

Data pipelines (i.e., converting raw data to features) are critical for machine learning (ML) models, yet their development and management is time-consuming. Feature stores have recently emerged as a new "DBMS-for-ML" with the premise of enabling data scientists and engineers to define and manage their data pipelines. While current feature stores fulfill their promise from a functionality perspective, they are resource-hungry---with ample opportunities for implementing database-style optimizations to enhance their performance. In this paper, we propose a novel set of optimizations specifically targeted for point-in-time join, which is a critical operation in data pipelines. We implement these optimizations on top of Feathr: a widely-used feature store, and evaluate them on use cases from both the TPCx-AI benchmark and real-world online retail scenarios. Our thorough experimental analysis shows that our optimizations can accelerate data pipelines by up to 3× over state-of-the-art baselines.
Single Update Sketch with Variable Counter Structure
Authors: Melissourgos Dimitrios , Wang Haibo , Chen Shigang , Ma Chaoyi , Chen Shiping
Published: December 2023

Per-flow size measurement is key to many streaming applications and management systems, particularly in high-speed networks. Performing such measurement on the data plane of a network device at the line rate requires on-chip memory and computing resources that are shared by other key network functions. It leads to the need for very compact and fast data structures, called sketches, which trade off space for accuracy. Such a need also arises in other application context for extremely large data sets. The goal of sketch design is two-fold: to measure flow size as accurately as possible and to do so as efficiently as possible (for low overhead and thus high processing throughput). The existing sketches can be broadly categorized to multi-update sketches and single update sketches. The former are more accurate but carry larger overhead. The latter incur small overhead but their accuracy is poor. This paper proposes a Single update Sketch with a Variable counter Structure (SSVS), a new sketch design which is several times faster than the existing multi-update sketches with comparable accuracy, and is several times more accurate than the existing single update sketches with comparable overhead. The new sketch design embodies several technical contributions that integrate the enabling properties from both multi-update sketches and single update sketches in a novel structure that effectively controls the measurement error with minimum processing overhead.
Can Large Language Models Predict Data Correlations from Column Names?
Authors: Trummer Immanuel
Published: December 2023

Recent publications suggest using natural language analysis on database schema elements to guide tuning and profiling efforts. The underlying hypothesis is that state-of-the-art language processing methods, so-called language models, are able to extract information on data properties from schema text.

This paper examines that hypothesis in the context of data correlation analysis: is it possible to find column pairs with correlated data by analyzing their names via language models? First, the paper introduces a novel benchmark for data correlation analysis, created by analyzing thousands of Kaggle data sets (and available for download). Second, it uses that data to study the ability of language models to predict correlation, based on column names. The analysis covers different language models, various correlation metrics, and a multitude of accuracy metrics. It pinpoints factors that contribute to successful predictions, such as the length of column names as well as the ratio of words. Finally, the study analyzes the impact of column types on prediction performance. The results show that schema text can be a useful source of information and inform future research efforts, targeted at NLP-enhanced database tuning and data profiling.
Data literacy in genome research
Authors: Wolff Katharina , Friedhoff Ronja , Schwarzer Friderieke , Pucker Boas
Published: December 2023

With an ever increasing amount of research data available, it becomes constantly more important to possess data literacy skills to benefit from this valuable resource. An integrative course was developed to teach students the fundamentals of data literacy through an engaging genome sequencing project. Each cohort of students performed planning of the experiment, DNA extraction, nanopore sequencing, genome sequence assembly, prediction of genes in the assembled sequence, and assignment of functional annotation terms to predicted genes. Students learned how to communicate science through writing a protocol in the form of a scientific paper, providing comments during a peer-review process, and presenting their findings as part of an international symposium. Many students enjoyed the opportunity to own a project and to work towards a meaningful objective.
Hybrid RoF-RoFSO system for broadband services by incorporating polarization division multiplexing scheme
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Mishra Vivekanand , Singh Kuldeep , Malhotra Jyoteesh
Published: December 2023

The limited bandwidth of traditional wireless carriers presents a challenge for delivering high-speed broadband services. To address this, radio-over-free space optics (Ro-FSO) emerges as a viable solution, seamlessly integrating wireless and optical systems. This integration is particularly valuable in sensitive environments such as hospitals, where electromagnetic interference can disrupt medical equipment. Ro-FSO provides interference-free high-speed data transmission, making it an ideal choice for broadband services, including WLANs. This study presents a high-speed Ro-FSO link capable of simultaneously transmitting two independent channels, each carrying 1 Gbps data up-converted to the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz RF bands over a 5 km SMF and 4200 m FSO channel. The incorporation of polarization division multiplexing enhances the spectral efficiency of the Ro-FSO link. Our findings demonstrate the successful transmission of both channels meeting the required bit error rate (BER) and eye pattern criteria.
Tunable bound states in the continuum in active metasurfaces of graphene disk dimers
Authors: Pura Jose Luis , Deop-Ruano Juan R. , Abujetas Diego R. , Giannini Vincenzo , Manjavacas Alejandro , Sánchez-Gil José A.
Published: December 2023

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) in metasurfaces have lately attracted a great deal of attention stemming from their inherent (formally) divergent Q factors, which lead to an enhancement of light–matter interaction in two-dimensional geometries. However, the development of plausible means to actively manipulate them remains a major challenge. The use of graphene layers has recently been suggested, employed either as a substrate or a coating that modifies the dielectric environment of the metasurface. Here, instead, we propose to exploit graphene disk dimers supporting in-plane plasmons directly as active meta-atoms in a square array. We prove analytically that both the emergence of a BIC and its Q factor can be tuned in an active manner by applying a different external potential to each of the disks in the dimer, thus being formally equivalent to engineering the disk diameters in a passive, geometrically-dependent manner. Moreover, we propose an approach to mitigate the effect of the inherent losses of graphene plasmons based on exploiting the collective behavior of the array, which is achieved by adjusting the lattice parameter so that the wavelength of the BIC mode lies closer to the Rayleigh anomaly.
Polyoxometalates as next-generation of theragnostic gadgets in cancer
Authors: Aminolroayaei Fahimeh , Mehri Ali , Shahbazi-Gahrouei Daryoush , Rostami Mahboubeh
Published: December 2023

Polyoxometalates (POMS) are a class of mineral clusters of transition metals or rare-earth elements linked together by Oxo ligands. POMs have been identified as antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer agents after decades of research since the onset of the 20th century. Furthermore, in recent years POMs have been studied for their applications in diagnosis, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and theragnostic. However, these last-mentioned POM applications have rarely been reviewed. Considering the potential characteristic features of POMs, comprising their easy, inexpensive, and scalable synthesis, and with special attention to the challenges of their application, POMs would be great alternatives to many conventional medical tools in the field of cancer treatment and diagnosis. In this review, we report recent updated research around utilizing POMs in cancer diagnosis and theragnostic. Publications are on basic topics including POMs in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), POMs in computed tomography (CT), POMs in cancer photoluminescence (PL) imaging, POMs in multimodality, POMs in radiation therapy applications, POMs as radiosensitizer and promotor of drug release, and POMs in theragnostic applications. It is hoped that this review paper will be useful for those researchers who are interested in expanding the applications of polyoxometalates in the field of cancer treatment and diagnosis.
Is the time ripe to scale up developmental intervention programs to prevent offending?
Authors: Eme Robert
Published: December 2023

The prevention of criminal potential in individuals is of enormous importance given the immense human and financial costs to society of criminal behavior. Consequently, there have been hundreds of studies of various kinds of developmental prevention programs for delinquency, and it has been proposed that the time is now to scale up some of these programs into large-scale national strategies for reducing crime. The author challenges this suggestion by first discussing the standards for judging the efficacy and effectiveness of these programs with a focus on the essential standards of replication and long-term follow-up. Next, the author examines the evidence base supporting the success of these programs and found it insufficient to justify the scale-up of any existing program. The author concludes with a recommendation for a paradigm shift for preventing delinquency.
Franco Battiato's Song “La Cura”: A Clinical Reflection
Authors: Besana Filippo , Santambrogio Jacopo , Tanzi Annamaria , Politi Pierluigi
Published: December 2023

“La Cura” is one of the tracks in Franco Battiato's L'Imboscata album (1996), the 19th published by the Italian composer and songwriter, who died 3 years ago. In the lyrics several references to psychiatric terminology appear. The purpose of this article is to consider the lyrics of the song from psychodynamic and mental health care perspectives and offer associations that reflect the process of forming a therapeutic alliance with patients.
PİYASADA TÜKETİME SUNULAN AYÇİÇEK VE MISIRÖZÜ YAĞLARINDA AFLATOKSİN VARLIĞININ ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: VAR İşil , TEKİN Ali
Published: December 2023

Genel olarak bütün tarımsal ürünler küflenmeye bağlı bozulmalara maruz kalabilmektedir. Toprakta ve havada yaygın olarak bulunan küf sporları, uygun sıcaklık ve su aktivitesi değerlerinde bu ürünlere bulaştıklarında ürünleri bozabilmekte, hatta ürettikleri mikotoksinlerle sağlık açısından risk yaratabilmektedirler. Tarımsal ürünlerimizden olan yağlı tohumlar da yapıları itibari ile küflenmeye ve küfler tarafından üretilen mikotoksinler ile kontamine olmaya uygun gıdalardır. Endüstriyel olarak, ayçiçeği ve mısırözü gibi yağlı tohumlardan yağ eldesinde çeşitli ekstraksiyon yöntemlerinden yararlanılmakta ve elde edilen bu ham yağlara sonrasında degumming, nötralizasyon ve ağartma proseslerini içeren rafinasyon işlemleri uygulanmaktadır. Bugüne kadar yağ eldesinde uygulanan rafinasyon işlemlerinin hammaddede bulunan mikotoksinlerin yağdaki miktarını düşürdüğü ve yağların bu anlamda bir risk taşımadığı düşüncesi yaygındı. Son zamanlarda yapılan sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmalar, yağlı tohumdan başlayarak rafine yağ eldesine kadar devam eden proses boyunca uygulanan işlemlerin ancak mikotoksin düzeyini düşürdüğünü fakat düşük düzeylerde de olsa yağlarda mikotoksin bulunabileceğini ve yine sınırlı sayıda yapılmış piyasa taramalarını içeren çalışmalar rafine yağların farklı düzeylerde mikotoksin içerdiğini göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada ilk kez, ülkemiz marketlerinde rafine olarak satışa sunulan ayçiçek yağı ve mısırözü yağında aflatoksin varlığı araştırılmış ve ülkemiz piyasasındaki durum değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada ülkemiz piyasasından toplanan 50 rafine ayçiçek yağı örneğinin 16 (%32)’sında 0.06-0.198 μg/kg aralığında, 44 rafine mısır özü yağı örneğinin ise 28 (%63.63)’inde 0.03-0.144 μg/kg aralığında toplam aflatoksin varlığı tespit edilirken, 16 rafine ayçiçek yağı örneğinin 5’inde 0.06-0.082 μg/kg aralığında, 28 rafine mısır özü yağı örneğinin ise 4’ünde 0.014-0.032 μg/kg aralığında AFB1 tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan örneklerin bir kısmında her ne kadar aflatoksin varlığı tespit edilmişse de belirlenen miktarlar uluslararası bitkisel yağlar için bildirilen toksin kriterlerinin çok altında bulunmuştur.
Maximising the Educational and Research Value of the Undergraduate Dissertation in Psychology
Authors: Creaven Ann-Marie , Button Katherine S. , Cleland-Woods Heather , Nordmann Emily
Published: December 2023

The undergraduate research dissertation in psychology is the capstone demonstration of research skills including project planning and design, considering and resolving ethical issues, and the analysis and dissemination of findings. The dissertation represents an opportunity for learning as well as an opportunity to contribute to the research literature in the student’s chosen area; however, few articles have considered both dimensions in detail. This article provides a roadmap for undergraduate thesis supervision, for early-career supervisors and supervisors aiming to better align their supervision and research activities and/or engage their students in open research practices via the dissertation.

Specifically, we review prior literature on undergraduate psychology research supervision and identify several dimensions that vary in existing approaches. Drawing on our own supervision experiences, we describe four key recommendations for undergraduate supervision in psychology and discuss how these can support student learning as well as benefit research.
Diagnosing environmental problems and their possible policy responses: A tool for assessing initial options
Authors: Andersson Krister , Boyes Christina , Richards Kenneth
Published: December 2023

The complexities of many environmental problems make the task of identifying potential solutions daunting. We present a diagnostic framework to help guide environmental policy analysts and practitioners to think more systematically about the major types of environmental problems and their possible policy responses. Our framework helps the user classify a problem into 1 of the 3 main problem categories, and then for each of the problem types think about contextual factors that will influence the choice of policy responses. The main problem types are (1) common-pool resource (CPR) problems (e.g., overfishing, groundwater depletion, and forest degradation); (2) pollution problems (e.g., greenhouse gas emissions, eutrophication, acid rain, and smog); and (3) hazards (natural and human-made hazards, including hurricanes, wildfires, and levy collapse). For each of these problems, the framework asks users to consider several contextual factors that are known to influence the likely effectiveness of different policy responses, particularly fast-thinking behavior. The framework is a heuristic tool that will help novice analysts develop a deeper understanding of the problems at hand and an appreciation for the complexities involved in coming up with workable solutions to environmental challenges. The proposed framework is not prescriptive but analytical in that it asks users guiding questions to assess multiple aspects of a problem. The resulting problem assessment helps to narrow down the number of viable options for environmental policy responses, each of which may, in turn, be assessed with an eye toward their legal, political, and social viability.
Room temperature detection of sulfur dioxide using functionalized carbon nanotubes
Authors:   Institute of Physics, Azerbaijan Science and Education Ministry, H. Javid Avenue 131, Baku AZ1143, Azerbaijan, Guluzade S. , Musayeva N. ,   Khazar University, Mahsati str.41, Baku az1096, Azerbaijan
Published: December 2023

The construction of a simple sensor structure sensitive to sulfur dioxide (SO2) based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) functionalized by nitric acid is described in this study. The functionalized MWCNTs were comparatively analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopy methods, and their morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The sensitivity to 5 ppm SO2 gas is based on the change of resistance of functionalized MWCNTs. Tests on the fabricated sensor were performed at room temperature and defined that functionalized MWCNTs are sensitive to SO2 gas compared with the pristine MWCNTs.
The effects of 4% barium doping on the morphological, strutural and dielectric characteristics of (Na0.5 Bi0.5)[(Ti0.8 Zr0.2)0.9(Nb2/3 Zn1/3)0.1]O3
Authors:   a Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and the living:Activity&Reactivity (LCMVAR), Faculty of Matter Sciences, Departement of chemistry, University of Batna 1, 05000, Batna, Algeria, Bouali S. , Bounab K. ,   Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Departement of Science of Matter, University of Biskra, BP 145 RP, Biskra 07000, Algeria, Menasra H. ,   Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Departement of Science of Matter, University of Biskra, BP 145 RP, Biskra 07000, Algeria, Necira Z. ,   Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Departement of Science of Matter, University of Biskra, BP 145 RP, Biskra 07000, Algeria, Abba M. ,   Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry and Environment, University of Biskra, Algeria BP 145 RP, Biskra 07000, Algeria
Published: December 2023

In this study, perovskite ceramics (Na0.5 Bi0.5)1-xBax[(Ti0.8 Zr0.2)0.9(Nb2/3 Zn1/3)0.1]O3 (NB1- xBxTZNZ) were prepared using the molten salt method. The sintering process was conducted at 1100°C for 4 hours in an air atmosphere. The crystal structure was examined using X-ray powder diffraction, which indicated that the material crystallized in a tetragonal structure with a space groupe P4bm. However, there was also evidence of 6% pyrochlore phase present. The crystallite size was found to decrease with Barium doping, and this decrease was attributed to the pinning effect of grain boundaries resulting from the formation of oxygen vacancies which reduce the AC conductivity values. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to examine the grain morphologies, revealing that the sample exhibited a compact structure. Additionally, the density of (NB1-xBxTZNZ) (x=0.04) was observed to be higher compared to (NB1-xBxTZNZ) (x=0.00). Barium doped into NB1-xBxTZNZ also caused a decrease in dielectric constant and dielectric loss. Raman spectroscopy was performed at room temperature on the doped ceramic with Barium, and we discussed the incorporation of Ba2+ in A-site of the perovskite ABO3.
Preparation and properties of PTFE@TiO2/epoxy superhydrophobic coating
Authors:   School of Materials Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China, Xu G. Q , Li C. Q. ,   School of Materials Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China, Wang F. J. ,   School of Materials Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China, Ou J. F. ,   School of Materials Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China, Xue Z. Y. ,   School of Materials Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China, Amirfazli A. ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto ON M3J 1P3, Canada
Published: December 2023

The problem of bacterial adhesion has been a challenge in everyday life and industry for decades. In this paper, polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) micropowder, titanium dioxide(TiO2) nanopowder, ethyl acetate and epoxy resin were sequentially added to a beaker and stirred well, then the nanoparticles were modified using perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (POTS), and finally superhydrophobic coatings were fabricated on the surface of an aluminium sheet by spraying process. Characterisation was carried out using scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurement, and the coating wettability, chemical stability and mechanical stability properties were investigated, and finally the coating was tested for antimicrobial properties. The study suggests that the hydrophobicity of the sample was optimal at a contact angle of 163.3° and a rolling angle of 3.2° when the ratio of PTFE micropowder to nano-TiO2 by mass was 1:4 and the ration between POTS and nanoparticles by mass was 12%. The contact angles were 137.8° and 143.6° after 25 and 32 hours of soaked in an anhydrous solution with a pH of 14 and 1, respectively. Most importantly, it exhibits good antimicrobial properties.
Prefacio y Capítulo 5: El poder blando y la política exterior americana, en Soft Power, Public Affairs, New Hampshire, 2004
Authors: NYE Joseph S.
Published: December 2023

El presente fragmento de la famosa obra del profesor Nye, nos introduce en el concepto y repercusiones del poder blando. Definido como “la habilidad de obtener lo que quieres a través de la atracción antes que a través de la coerción o de las recompensas”, este concepto tiene una gran relevancia para la política exterior de Estados Unidos. Tras exponer las diferentes corrientes de la política exterior americana y las consecuencias negativas que para la misma tuvo el hecho de malgastar este tipo de poder durante la Guerra de Irak, Nye subraya la necesidad de utilizar conjuntamente tanto del poder duro como del poder blando, con lo que quedará conformado un nuevo concepto de poder, el poder inteligente.
Hobbes y el Congo: marcos, violencia local e intervención internacional
Authors: AUTESSERRE Séverine
Published: December 2023

¿Por qué los constructores internacionales de la paz no toman en consideración las causas locales de los procesos de paz que fallan? A través del presente artículo demuestro cómo las agendas locales jugaron entonces un rol decisivo en fomentar la violencia a nivel local, regional y nacional. Sin embargo, la existencia de un marco de construcción de la paz posbélica configuraba la visión internacional de la violencia y de la intervención de tal manera que la resolución del conflicto local era considerada como irrelevante e ilegitima. Este marco incluyó enseguida cuatro elementos fundamentales: los actores internacionales etiquetaron la situación en Congo de “postconflicto”; estos mismos actores creyeron que la violencia constituía un componente innato en la sociedad congolesa y, por lo tanto, aceptable incluso en tiempos de paz; conceptualizaron la intervención internacional como un asunto exclusivo de la esferas nacional e internacional; y consideraron la celebración de elecciones, en lugar de la resolución del conflicto local, como una herramienta viable, apropiada y efectiva para la construcción  del estado y de la paz. Este marco, al autorizar y justificar prácticas y políticas específicas mientras impedía otras, en particular la resolución de conflictos locales, acabó condenando en última instancia los esfuerzos para la construcción de la paz. Para concluir, sostengo que el análisis de los marcos discursivos es un enfoque fructífero para intentar resolver los puzles de los fracasos internacionales en la construcción de la paz que se dan, también, más allá de las fronteras del Congo.
Pensamiento decolonial: ¿una “nueva” apuesta en las Relaciones Internacionales?
Authors: FONSECA Melody , JERREMS Ari
Published: December 2023

En las últimas décadas las ciencias sociales se han visto deconstruidas por diferentes corrientes de pensamiento crítico que buscan analizar el sistema mundo actual, la política global y las relaciones sociales desde paradigmas y epistemologías otras que sirvan para interpretar las diferentes temporalidades y localidades del poder y del conocimiento. Una de las corrientes más novedosas es el llamado pensamiento decolonial. Esta propuesta surge dentro del debate crítico en las ciencias sociales, originalmente en las áreas de Sociología, Historia y Economía Política, y más recientemente en la disciplina de las Relaciones Internacionales. El pensamiento decolonial se plantea como crítico de las ya establecidas teorías poscoloniales. Es impulsado desde América Latina por el proyecto conocido como modernidad/colonialidad/decolonialidad, que nos invita a cuestionar la modernidad europea desde la reflexión de su antítesis, la colonialidad en América, y los efectos que la colonialidad del poder, del saber, y del ser, han tenido sobre el sujeto colonial global. En este artículo proponemos evaluar los aportes que el pensamiento decolonial puede hacer a la teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales y cómo, junto con otras conceptualizaciones hechas desde la teoría crítica, se podría contribuir al diálogo pluriversal que sus autores proponen.
Desarrollo de la Teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales en India: Tradiciones, perspectivas contemporáneas y trayectorias
Authors: MALLAVARAPU Siddharth
Published: December 2023

Este artículo aspira a ser una revisión del estado de la Teoría de las Relaciones Internacionales (TRI) en India. En él, se analizan tres aspectos de la TRI. El primero se refiere a la posibilidad de una tradición de pensamiento de temas de importancia teórica universal. El segundo se refiere al análisis de la reflexión académica sobre un principio importante de la política exterior india, a saber, la no alineación y los límites de su teorización. El último aspecto trata sobre las inquietudes de los académicos indios en cuanto a teorización desde los años noventa. Con respecto al primer aspecto, en este artículo se sostiene que existe una tradición de pensamiento india en temas como el orden, la justica y el cosmopolitismo, aunque no haya sido expresada en el lenguaje de la TRI. En cuanto a la no alineación, en el artículo se sostiene que, si bien no dio lugar a amplias formulaciones teóricas, planteó una serie de cuestiones de primer orden que requieren una mayor teorización. Finalmente, se sugiere que los temas recientemente tratados en la TRI por parte de los académicos indios, reflejan una coyuntura más receptiva para ese tipo de trabajo, tanto en términos de la posición cambiante que ocupa India en el sistema mundial cuanto en el reconocimiento a métodos más eclécticos y a las posibilidades que ofrece el amplio mundo de las ciencias sociales.
La responsabilidad de proteger de la comunidad internacional en los casos de Libia y Siria: análisis comparativo
Authors: MARRERO ROCHA Inmaculada
Published: December 2023

Las diferentes reacciones de la comunidad internacional ante las graves violaciones de los derechos fundamentales ocurridas en Siria y en Libia ha desatado un interesante debate jurídico, político y moral, que todavía sigue abierto, sobre la responsabilidad de proteger a las poblaciones de las atrocidades cometidas por sus gobiernos. Sin embargo, las diferencias existentes entre la situación político-internacional y geoestratégica de Siria y Libia han determinado el alcance y la naturaleza de las medidas adoptadas para frenar el sufrimiento de ambas poblaciones y, también, las organizaciones internacionales y estados que las han decidido y aplicado. En este trabajo se analiza de qué manera se ha interpretado el ejercicio de la responsabilidad de proteger dependiendo de la percepción de la comunidad internacional de las situaciones de política y de seguridad de Libia y Siria. Igualmente, se plantean algunos elementos del futuro escenario en el que podrán encontrarse ambos estados y las repercusiones para la seguridad de sus poblaciones.
Fuerzas sociales, estados y órdenes mundiales: Más allá de la Teoría de Relaciones Internacionales
Authors: COX Robert W.
Published: December 2023

En este artículo Cox plantea cómo a lo largo del desarrollo de la disciplina de las Relaciones Internacionales se han ido enfrentando las distintas percepciones sobre el estado y la sociedad civil. Continúa el texto presentando cómo los enfoques críticos, inicialmente inspirados en el marxismo, más adelante en los conceptos de hegemonía y contra hegemonía y, luego, a través de las teorías del sistema mundo, sirve para retomar la relevancia del poder material en el análisis de los procesos de creación de nuevos órdenes mundiales. Cox propone la diferenciación ideológica, teórica y práctica entre la pax britannica y la pax americana como procesos históricos específicos, creadores de distintas estructuras sociales, políticas y económicas. Además, enfatiza las diversas prácticas de internacionalización de la producción a través de sus diversos canales como, agencias estatales, interestatales, clases directivas de corporaciones multinacionales, e instituciones internacionales, entre otros, para generar las estructuras base que componen y generan las fuerzas de poder a finales del siglo XX.”