bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of contrast-enhanced, time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography in cerebrovascular pathology
Authors: Grossberg Jonathan A. , Howard Brian M. , Saindane Amit M.
Published: December 2019

Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has long been the imaging gold standard in the evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of cerebro- and spinovascular disorders. However, DSA has the disadvantages of invasiveness, contrast allergy or nephropathy, the impracticality of procedural preparation and recovery, and expense. Contrast-enhanced (CE), time-resolved (TR) magnetic resonance angiography (CE TR-MRA) is a sophisticated, relatively novel imaging modality that provides multiphasic contrast-enhanced visualization of the neurovasculature. Given the crucial role of angiography in all aspects of care for patients with complex neurovascular disorders, it is incumbent on those who care for these patients to understand the usefulness and pitfalls of novel imaging in this arena to ensure best practices, and to deliver cutting edge care to these patients in a way that minimizes cost, but does not compromise quality. CE TR-MRA has the potential to play an expanded role in the workup and follow-up across the spectrum of neurovascular disease, and this review is aimed to help neurosurgeons better understand how CE TR-MRA can be used to better manage patients in this cohort.
Preoperative SPECT imaging as a tool for surgical planning in patients with axial neck and back pain
Authors: Brusko G. Damian , Perez-Roman Roberto J. , Tapamo Harold , Burks S. Shelby , Serafini Aldo N. , Wang Michael Y.
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVE

Hybrid SPECT with CT imaging has been used to help elucidate pain generators in patients with axial neck and back pain, identifying potential sites for treatment. Few studies have examined its role in spine surgery and most literature focuses on its use postoperatively. The authors describe the largest series to date of patients with symptomatic spondylosis who underwent preoperative SPECT imaging for surgical planning.

METHODS

A retrospective medical and imaging record review was conducted to identify patients who underwent SPECT or SPECT/CT studies between January 2014 and May 2018. Patients who underwent spine surgical intervention for spondylosis with primary symptoms of axial neck or back pain and who had evidence of hypermetabolic foci on spinal SPECT imaging were included. Only those patients who subsequently underwent surgery on a spinal level associated with increased radiotracer uptake were included in the analysis. Patient baseline and demographic information, and data pertaining to SPECT imaging, surgical planning, and postoperative care were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS

A total of 23 patients with an average age at surgery of 60.0 ± 11.0 years were included. Fifteen patients (65.2%) were male. A total of 53 spinal levels were treated, with an average of 2.30 levels treated per patient. All patients underwent fusion surgery, either lumbar (n = 14), with interbody fusion most commonly used (64.2%); or cervical (n = 9), with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (66.6%) being the most common. The average length of hospital stay was 3.45 ± 2.32 days. One patient developed a wound infection postoperatively, requiring readmission. At the 3-month follow-up, 18 patients (78.3%) reported clinical improvement in pain. Eleven patients (47.8%) reported complete symptom resolution at the 6-month follow-up. At 1 year postoperatively, 19 patients (82.6%) reported significant relief of their symptoms following surgery.

CONCLUSIONS

This is the largest series to date describing patients with axial neck and back pain who underwent preoperative SPECT imaging and subsequent surgical intervention on the affected spinal levels. The results demonstrate that SPECT imaging may be a useful adjunct to guide surgical planning, resulting in substantial clinical improvement following surgery.
Advanced neuroimaging in traumatic brain injury: an overview
Authors: Smith Luke G. F. , Milliron Eric , Ho Mai-Lan , Hu Houchun H. , Rusin Jerome , Leonard Jeffrey , Sribnick Eric A.
Published: December 2019

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common condition with many potential acute and chronic neurological consequences. Standard initial radiographic evaluation includes noncontrast head CT scanning to rapidly evaluate for pathology that might require intervention. The availability of fast, relatively inexpensive CT imaging has fundamentally changed the clinician’s ability to noninvasively visualize neuroanatomy. However, in the context of TBI, limitations of head CT without contrast include poor prognostic ability, inability to analyze cerebral perfusion status, and poor visualization of underlying posttraumatic changes to brain parenchyma. Here, the authors review emerging advanced imaging for evaluation of both acute and chronic TBI and include QuickBrain MRI as an initial imaging modality. Dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI, MR arterial spin labeling, and perfusion CT are reviewed as methods for examining cerebral blood flow following TBI. The authors evaluate MR-based diffusion tensor imaging and functional MRI for prognostication of recovery post-TBI. Finally, MR elastography, MR spectroscopy, and convolutional neural networks are examined as future tools in TBI management. Many imaging technologies are being developed and studied in TBI, and some of these may hold promise in improving the understanding and management of TBI.
Comprehensive review of imaging of intracranial aneurysms and angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Howard Brian M. , Hu Ranliang , Barrow Jack W. , Barrow Daniel L.
Published: December 2019

Intracranial aneurysms confer the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a potentially devastating condition, though most aneurysms will remain asymptomatic for the lifetime of the patient. Imaging is critical to all stages of patient care for those who harbor an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA), including to establish the diagnosis, to determine therapeutic options, to undertake surveillance in patients who elect not to undergo treatment or whose aneurysm(s) portends such a low risk that treatment is not indicated, and to perform follow-up after treatment. Neuroimaging is equally as important in patients who suffer an SAH. DSA remains the reference standard for imaging of intracranial aneurysms due to its high spatial and temporal resolution. As noninvasive imaging technology, such as CTA and MRA, improves, the diagnostic accuracy of such tests continues to increasingly approximate that of DSA. In cases of angiographically negative SAH, imaging protocols are necessary not only for diagnosis but also to search for an initially occult vascular lesion, such as a thrombosed, ruptured aneurysm that might be detected in a delayed fashion. Given the crucial role of neuroimaging in all aspects of care for patients with UIAs and SAH, it is incumbent on those who care for these patients, including cerebrovascular neurosurgeons, interventional neurologists and neuroradiologists, and diagnostic radiologists and neurointensivists, to understand the role of imaging in this disease and how individual members of the multispecialty team use imaging to ensure best practices to deliver cutting-edge care to these often complex cases. This review expounds on the role of imaging in the management of UIAs and ruptured intracranial aneurysms and in the workup of angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Validation of the recently developed Total Disability Index: a single measure of disability in neck and back pain patients
Authors: Cruz Dana L. , Ayres Ethan W. , Spiegel Matthew A. , Day Louis M. , Hart Robert A. , Ames Christopher P. , Burton Douglas C. , Smith Justin S. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Schwab Frank J. , Errico Thomas J. , Bess Shay , Lafage Virginie , Protopsaltis Themistocles S.
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVE

Neck and back pain are highly prevalent conditions that account for major disability. The Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) are the two most common functional status measures for neck and back pain. However, no single instrument exists to evaluate patients with concurrent neck and back pain. The recently developed Total Disability Index (TDI) combines overlapping elements from the ODI and NDI with the unique items from each. This study aimed to prospectively validate the TDI in patients with spinal deformity, back pain, and/or neck pain.

METHODS

This study is a retrospective review of prospectively collected data from a single center. The 14-item TDI, derived from ODI and NDI domains, was administered to consecutive patients presenting to a spine practice. Patients were assessed using the ODI, NDI, and EQ-5D. Validation of internal consistency, test-retest reproducibility, and validity of reconstructed NDI and ODI scores derived from TDI were assessed.

RESULTS

A total of 252 patients (mean age 55 years, 56% female) completed initial assessments (back pain, n = 115; neck pain, n = 52; back and neck pain, n = 55; spinal deformity, n = 55; and no pain/deformity, n = 29). Of these patients, 155 completed retests within 14 days. Patients represented a wide range of disability (mean ODI score: 36.3 ± 21.6; NDI score: 30.8 ± 21.8; and TDI score: 34.1 ± 20.0). TDI demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.922) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96). Differences between actual and reconstructed scores were not clinically significant. Subanalyses demonstrated TDI’s ability to quantify the degree of disability due to back or neck pain in patients complaining of pain in both regions.

CONCLUSIONS

The TDI is a valid and reliable disability measure in patients with back and/or neck pain and can capture each spine region’s contribution to total disability. The TDI could be a valuable method for total spine assessment in a clinical setting, and its completion is less time consuming than that for both the ODI and NDI.
Perancangan Sentral Pedagang Kaki Lima Di Pekanbaru
Authors: Sinambela Paradita , Repi Repi , Sudarmin Sudarmin
Published: December 2019

Pedagang kaki lima (PKL) di Pekanbaru diperkirakan akan terus berkembang pesat setiap tahunnya. Pada tahun 2016 jumlah pedagang sesuai data Bidang Pasar kota Pekanbaru memperkirakan sejumlah 13.000 orang. Para pedagang menyebar di beberapa titik terutama di pinggir jalan kota dan menggunakan sebagian badan jalan hal ini menyebabkan gangguan ketertiban jalan dan keindahan kota Pekanbaru. Perlu adanya perencanaan tentang permasalahan tersebut. Tujuan dari perencanaan ini yaitu menjadikan Sentral Pedagang Kaki Lima di Pekanbaru sebagai wadah atau tempat yang dikhususkan bagi PKL di Pekanbaru, selain itu memberikan kenyamanan kepada masyarakat maupun pengunjung. Metode yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data antara lain : Studi literatur, Studi banding dan Survey. Perancangan pada Sentral pedagang kaki lima di Pekanbaru dengan topik Arsitektur metafora untuk menterjemahkan keinginan perancang berdasarkan sebuah alur cerita yang diinginkan dan untuk mewujudkan suasana kegembiraan yang lebih bersifat mengarah ke publik, dengan begitu dapat menarik perhatian setiap pengunjung yang menyukai sesuatu yang berbeda. Bentuk bangunan diambil dari gerobak khas para pedagang pada bagian persegi.
Sifat Mekanik Paving Block Komposit Sebagai Lapis Perkerasan Bebas Genangan Air (Permeable Pavement)
Authors: Iqbal Maulia  , Ismeddiyanto  , Suryanita Reni
Published: December 2019

Penggunaan beton sebagai lapis perkerasan jalan dan pemukiman akan mempengaruhi proses infiltrasi sehingga mengakibatkan terjadi genangan atau banjir ketika musim hujan. Adapun alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut  yaitu digunakan inovasi perkerasan paving block komposit. Paving block komposit merupakan penggabungan paving block dan beton porous. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kuat tekan beton porous namun tidak mengurangi kemampuannya untuk meloloskan air dan mengkaji sifat mekanik yaitu kuat tekan. Pada penelitian ini beton porous diisi pada bagian tengah paving block dengan variasi diameter beton porous yang dibuat adalah 1 ½”, 2”, 2 ½”, dan 3”. Pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan pada umur 28 hari. Pada pengujian kuat tekan, nilai tertinggi didapat dari masing-masing variasi berturut-turut adalah 39,260 MPa, 3,864 MPa, 21,747 MPa, dan 15,204 MPa. Klasifikasi paving block berdasarkan mutu kuat tekan didapat bahwa variasi 1 ½” dan 2” termasuk kedalam mutu B, variasi 2 ½” termasuk kedalam mutu C dan variasi 3” termasuk kedalam mutu D. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan nilai optimum kuat tekan inovasi paving block komposit yaitu sebesar 20,80 MPa dengan laju infiltrasi 2,78 mm/s. Nilai optimum tersebut termasuk kedalam mutu B yaitu pada variasi diameter 2” dan 2½”. Paving block komposit diameter 2” dan 2½” ini dapat digunakan sebagai lahan parkir atau trotoar pejalan kaki dan mampu mengatasi banjir ataupun genangan air.
Radionuclides distribution and its sorption behavior in the Kara sea bottom sediments surface layer
Authors: Kuzmenkova N. V. , Krupskaya V. V. , Duriagina E. V. , Semenkov I. N. , Vinokurov S. E.
Published: December 2019

The sorption characteristics of the Kara sea bottom sediments were investigated. The sediments were collected during scientific expedition of the R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh (Cruise AMK-66). The mineral and fraction composition of sediments was determined. It has been found that 137Cs sorbed predominantly by an ion exchange mechanism because of the clay minerals presence in the sediments. At the same time, 243Am and 90Sr sorbed from seawater by the surface complexation mechanism. The sorption kinetics for 243Am was established: about 20 hours, 137Cs: 2 hours, 90Sr: less than an hour. The sorption isotherms shows Cs and Am in experiments on marine and distilled water are described by the Henry equation. The Sr behavior in deionized water is described by the Langmuir equation, in the case of sea water, by the Freundlich equation.
Barium minerals – baritе and chlorinedominant ferrokinoshitalite bafe2+3[cl2/al2si2o10] in plagioperidotites Yoko-Dovyren intrusion (Northern Baikal region) – products of epigenetic low grad metamorphism
Authors: Spiridonov E. M.
Published: December 2019

In the plagioperidotite of the ultamafite-mafic Yoko-Dovyren intrusion captured by low-grad metamorphism (NGM) under conditions of the prenite-pumpelliite facies (PPF), mobilization of Ba, Cl and Sr is observed The content of barium in plagioperidotite ranges from 36 to 313 (an average of 130 g / t); strontium from 25 to 169 (an average of 86 g / t); Ba / Sr value varies from 0.5 to 4 (on average 1.5). Barium minerals phlogopite and plagioclase; chlorine chloroferrisadanagite from inclusions in alumochromite, late-magmatic phlogopite, potassium chlorate ferropargassite and chlorapatite in the margins of sulphide nests. During the NGM processes, these minerals were replaced by chlorites, tremolite, diopside, which included very little Ba and Cl. In the areas of barium minerals development, plagioperidotites contain 348518 g/t of barium and 46 g/t of strontium, which indicates the redistribution of Ba and the removal of Sr. Metamorphogenic barium minerals non-strontium barite and Ba-Fe-Cl mica chloro-dominant ferrokinochitalit. They coexist with the minerals of the rodingite association hydrogarnet, tremolite, diopside, chlorite, antigorite, magnetite, hydroxylapatite. Ferrokosnoshitalit replaces phlogopite, plagioclase, sulfides, contains up to 21 wt. % BaO, 31% FeO, 11% Cl and has a iron index of f = 75.890.5. The composition of the most chlorine-rich individual responds (Ba0.83K0.16)0.99(Fe2+2.63Mg0.28Fe3+0.04Al0.02Cr0.01Mn0.01)3[(Cl1.86OH0.12S0.02)2/Al1.86Si2.14O10]. Since Yoko-Dovyrenskiy ferrokynosalital is chlordominant, this is a new mineral species.
Global zero-relaxation limit of the non-isentropic Euler–Poisson system for ion dynamics
Authors: Feng Yuehong , Li Xin , Wang Shu
Published: December 2019

This paper is concerned with smooth solutions of the non-isentropic Euler–Poisson system for ion dynamics. The system arises in the modeling of semi-conductor, in which appear one small parameter, the momentum relaxation time. When the initial data are near constant equilibrium states, with the help of uniform energy estimates and compactness arguments, we rigorously prove the convergence of the system for all time, as the relaxation time goes to zero. The limit system is the drift-diffusion system.
Cisplatin Ineligibility for Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: A Survey of Clinical Practice Perspectives Among US Oncologists
Authors: Galsky Matthew D. , Ma Esprit , Shah-Manek Bijal , Mills Rosalina , Ha Long , Krebsbach Craig , Blouin Eric , Tayama Darren , Ogale Sarika
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the first-line (1L) treatment for eligible patients with locally advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). However, many patients with mUC are ineligible for cisplatin-based therapy due to age- or disease-related factors. Specific criteria used by practicing physicians to determine cisplatin ineligibility have not been well characterized.

OBJECTIVE:

To understand US oncologists’ perspectives and self-reported treatment preferences related to cisplatin-ineligible patients with mUC.

METHODS:

An electronic survey was administered (November-December 2017) to a random sample from a panel of US oncologists who had agreed to participate in periodic surveys. Eligible participants were required to have ≥2 years of clinical experience, have experience treating ≥5 patients with mUC in the past year, and be board certified and/or eligible. In addition to providing demographic information, clinical preferences, and self-reported practices, participants identified and ranked criteria and reasons for determining cisplatin ineligibility. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze all demographics and responses.

RESULTS:

From the 301 respondents, the most commonly identified clinical factors for cisplatin ineligibility were renal dysfunction (78%) and poor performance status (77%), followed by neuropathy (47%), solitary kidney (43%), hearing loss (43%), advanced age (43%), and cardiovascular dysfunction (41%). Patients were typically deemed ineligible for cisplatin at diagnosis (58%) or on initiation of 1L metastatic therapy (61%). The preferred non-cisplatin 1L treatments were checkpoint inhibitors (75%), followed by carboplatin-based chemotherapy (19%).

CONCLUSIONS:

This survey of US oncologists provides insights into clinical perspectives on cisplatin ineligibility in the context of the evolving treatment landscape for patients with mUC.
Salvage Hyperthermic Gemcitabine and Docetaxel Combination Chemotherapy After BCG Failure in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients
Authors: Rao Mounica Y. , Kang Paul , Tarajkowski Jamaka C. , Mobley Debra L. , Lamm Donald L.
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND:

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the recommended therapy for high and intermediate risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), but treatment failure is common. While a radical cystectomy is recommended after BCG failure, some patients desire bladder preservation and others are poor surgical candidates. Salvage chemotherapy treatments may be offered to this subgroup of patients.

OBJECTIVE:

To assess if combination, hyperthermic Gemcitabine and Docetaxel chemotherapy (GEM/DOCE) is a safe and effective salvage option for treating NMIBC.

METHODS:

Sixty patients who received our GEM/DOCE protocol between 2007–2017 were identified (51 BCG failures, 9 BCG naïve). This study measured overall treatment success, defined as no recurrence, progression, cystectomy, nor death due to bladder cancer. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to ascertain probability of treatment success. The log-rank test was used to identify factors associated with treatment success.

RESULTS:

Sixty patients received treatment with a median follow-up of 14.9 months. All patients completed the induction course with no significant adverse effects. Overall treatment success was 83% at first surveillance, 69% at 1 year, and 55% at 2 years in the entire cohort, and 90% at first surveillance, 74% at 1 year, and 56% at 2 years in the BCG-failure patients. All-cause and bladder-cancer-specific survival were both 97.9% at 1 year, 85.9% and 94.6% respectively at 2 years. Three patients underwent cystectomy at a median of 10.2 months, two of these were secondary to recurrences. Three patients had progression of their disease.

CONCLUSIONS:

Hyperthermic GEM/DOCE seems to be a well-tolerated salvage regimen that demonstrates a reasonable efficacy and warrants further investigation.
On the expressiveness and semantics of information flow types
Authors: Rajani Vineet , Garg Deepak
Published: December 2019

Information Flow Control (IFC) is a form of dependence analysis that tracks and prohibits dependence of public outputs on secret inputs. Such a dependence analysis is often carried out using a type system. IFC type systems can track dependence (via confidentiality labels) at varying levels of granularity. On one extreme, there are fine-grained type systems that track dependence at the level of individual values. They label individual values. On the other extreme, there are coarse-grained type systems that track dependence at the level of entire computations. These type systems do not label individual values but instead label entire sub-computations.

An important foundational question is one of the relative expressiveness of these two classes of IFC type systems. In this paper we show that, despite the glaring differences in how they track dependence, the two classes of type systems are actually equally expressive. We do this by showing translations from FG, a fine-grained IFC type system derived from SLAM (In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages (POPL) (1998)), to [Formula: see text], a coarse-grained IFC type system derived from HLIO (In Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP) (2015)), and vice-versa. The translation from [Formula: see text] to FG is straightforward since FG tracks dependence at a granularity finer than [Formula: see text] does. However, the translation from FG to [Formula: see text] is quite involved and relies extensively on label quantification. We further examine the reason for this complexity using a slight variant of [Formula: see text], called CG, to which FG can be translated more easily.

As a separate, more foundational contribution we show how to extend logical relation models of information flow to languages with higher-order state. Specifically, we build world-indexed (Kripke) logical relations for FG, [Formula: see text] and CG, which we use to prove these type systems sound and also to prove the translations between them correct.
A process innovation mode of semiconductor integrated circuit products based on the integration of Internet of things and sensing big data
Authors: Huang Yin , Huang Shumin , Zhang Yichen , Sheng Sishi , Yang Xue , Liu Runda
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVE:

At present, Internet of things (IoT) technologies such as radio frequency identification devices (RFID) have been widely used. In such context, manufacturing industries of semiconductor integrated circuits have gradually realised that it is necessary to integrate IoT technologies such as RFID with other systems of technologies. The research provides a new idea for the deep integration of IoT technologies including RFID with new-generation information technologies (IT) such as big data and deep learning and drives IoT technologies to develop with multiple functions and diverse types.

DESIGN, METHODOLOGY, and APPROACH:

The research takes the manufacturing enterprises of semiconductor integrated circuits as the objects and integrates IoT technologies involving RFID and intelligent sensors with new-generation IT technologies such as big data, sensing database, deep learning, knowledge discovery, etc. On this basis, a process innovation mode based on the integration of IoT and sensing big data is established. Based on the characteristics of sensing big data of enterprises manufacturing semiconductor integrated circuits, the innovation mode is designed in three stages including: data integration and fusion, data optimisation and modelling, and data application. Moreover, the system architecture, key technologies, modelling process, and algorithm design are also analysed.

FINDINGS:

A process innovation mode of semiconductor integrated circuit products based on the integration of IoT and sensing big data is provided.
The effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease with dementia: Pilot study
Authors: Khedr Eman M. , Mohamed Khaled O. , Ali Anwar M. , Hasan Asmaa M.
Published: December 2019

Background:

The exact mechanism of cognitive impairment in PD is not known. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as a possible treatment for cognitive impairment and to treat the motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD) where its effects seem additive to those of dopaminergic medications.

Objective:

In this pilot study we investigated whether repeated sessions of rTMS have an effect on measures of cognitive impairment in patients with PD dementia.

Methods:

33 patients with PD dementia were randomly assigned sham or real rTMS (2000 pulses; 20 Hz; 90% RMT; 10 trains of 10 s with 25 s between each train) over the hand area of each motor cortex (5 min between hemispheres) for 10 days (5 days/week) followed by 5 booster sessions every month for 3 months. Assessments included the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA); Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR); Memory and Executive Screening (MES) and Instrumental activity of Daily Living (IADL). Event related potentials (P300) and cortical excitability were measured before treatment and after the last session.

Results:

There were no significant differences in the effects of rTMS between groups. Although rTMS improved motor function in the active group it had only a minor effect on two of the dementia rating scores (the MMSE and MoCA) but not the others (CDR and MES). There was also a reduction in the latency of the P300 in the active group.

Conclusions:

rTMS over M1 is useful for motor function and may have a small positive effect on cognition. However, better approaches for the latter are necessary, may be require multisite rTMS to target both motor and frontal cortical region.
刍议无人机低空摄影测量在城乡规划测绘中的应用
Authors: 刘 炜杰
Published: December 2019

无人机低空摄影测量具有适用性强、分辨率高、大比例尺等特征,这是普通航空摄影技术无法比拟的。本文主要论述了无人机低空摄影测量的概念与特征,并结合城乡规划测绘实例,介绍了无人机低空摄影测量技术的实践应用流程,以供借鉴。
测量技术在三维数字城市建模中的应用
Authors: 郝 国建
Published: December 2019

在现代化社会的发展中,很多先进技术已融入各个行业的发展中,在数字城市的大背景下,城市规划工作得到了社会各界的关注,相关部门需要获取准确、完善的城市三维空间信息数据,这就要引进倾斜摄影测量技术,将其应用到三维数字城市建模中,这项技术的应用既能够获取地物顶部的信息特征,又能够获取地物轮廓和详细的纹理信息,文章主要对倾斜摄影测量技术在三维数字城市建模中的应用进行了分析。
多旋翼无人机倾斜摄影测量在地质灾害调查中的应用
Authors: 赵 惠德
Published: December 2019

多旋翼无人机倾斜摄影测量目前广泛应用于各行领域,在地质灾害调查中更是发挥了巨大的优势作用。通过航摄倾斜摄影,快速得到各种数据图件成果,给治理部门提供决策,给施工部门提供基础数据图件,在地质灾害的调查,监督、治理中起着重要的作用。
全息《北方海区图》在航海保障领域的应用初探
Authors: 张 琰光
Published: December 2019

增强现实全息显示技术是目前信息化领域的一项创新型可视化技术。本文以《北方海区图》为基础地图,通过对基于HoloLens的增强现实技术在专题海图要素的可视化应用的介绍,探究了增强现实版专题海图的功能框架。为全息海图、三维数字港口和海底三维地貌图等航海图书产品融入“三维中国”建设提供了切入点和研发新思路。
导线边角精度匹配探讨及实例分析
Authors: 王 连强 , 景 文凯 , 冯 振贵
Published: December 2019

控制测量是工程测量或地形图测绘的重要组成和不可缺少的部分。由于现代测距仪器的使用,边长(水平距)的测量变得简单且具有极高的精度,保证了测量成果的精度。因此,在不同的控制测量形式中,导线测量应用越来越多。导线测量中容易出现的一个问题是边长采用全站仪进行测量,精度极高,而角度(水平角)的测量往往达不到相应的精度,致使看似精度很高的观测值,形成的导线整体精度并不高,这是边角精度不匹配造成的。在介绍边角精度匹配的含义及单边精度匹配的基础上,根据横向误差和纵向误差以及两者的关系进一步分析适用工程测量的方位角符合自由导线整体的边角精度匹配,根据最弱点的横纵向误差比,通过实例说明导线的测角、测边误差匹配在导线控制测量中的意义。
多传感器在边坡变形监测中的应用研究
Authors: 莫 良宏
Published: December 2019

边坡监测对边坡稳定性的判断、防灾减灾对策的制定具有重要价值。在边坡变形观测中,传感器种类繁多,通常都是独立使用,自成系统,由不同的厂家完成安装,通过不同的传感器对变形体进行监测,例如基于GNSS的变形监测系统,基于静力水准仪的变形监测系统等,这些系统在一定程度上可以实现对监测对象的变形进行观测,但是只能够从一个方面对监测对象进行观测,各系统间未实现数据共享,不能从全局对监测对象进行全方位的观测。本文试图构建一个多传感融合的边坡变形监测系统。
导线测量计算中的坐标误差分配问题
Authors: 徐 兴彬
Published: December 2019

导线控制测量涉及到坐标增量的误差分配问题。现在的教科书中都是按导线边长进行分配,工作上也按此照搬。作者在教学与工作中发现这种分配方式欠妥,有时会产生较大偏差。因此,本文提出按坐标增量大小进行分配计算的观点,并结合实例予以分析论证,获得科学严密结论。该结论的应用对广大测绘教师的相关课程教学具有正确的引导作用,对野外导线测量生产具有实际的指导意义。
航空摄影测量技术在新疆公路勘测中的应用
Authors: 周 丹
Published: December 2019

航空摄影测量技术是新时期下一种先进的测量技术,其技术原理是中心投影的透视变换,具有可以居高临下的观察、记录动态现象、成果直观和空间分辨率较高等优势,在各项工程中的应用也越来越广泛,基于此,下文就航空摄影技术的概述、在新疆公路勘测中的应用背景、应用流程和具体应用案例方面做了相关探讨,希望对提高航空摄影测量技术的多样化应用有所启示和帮助。
IDENTIFICATION OF GROUNDWATER DISTRIBUTION USING SELF POTENTIAL METHOD
Authors: Hasan Muhammad Fathur Rouf , Swastika Tri Widya , Martina Nunung , Wulandari Linda Sari
Published: December 2019

Drought is one of the biggest problems for the community, this problem will be slightly resolved by the compilation of regions with groundwater sources. This research has been carried out in the karst area, Druju Village, Sumbermanjing District, Wetan Regency, Malang. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of underground air and the pattern between underground rivers in the Wonorejo draw well and spring sources in the Kaligoro River, Wonorejo Hamlet.The method that used is the Self Potential (SP) method to set the moving electrode (leap frop) with 104 measurement points. The results of this study indicate the value of electric potential shown between 0-13.5 mV, and assume that a low potential value (0-1 mV) is an indication of groundwater distribution. Areas with low potential values are found in the empathy area. When taking a distribution of water on the surface of the land that appears through the Kaligoro River, it does not need to go out in one stream with an underground river flowing in the wells of the residents. The area with the lowest potential value is a reference in making wells
ОКРЕМІ АСПЕКТИ НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ СУБ'ЄКТІВ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ В КРИЗОВИХ УМОВАХ
Authors: Крикун В. В.
Published: December 2019

У статті здійснений аналіз нормативно-правового забезпечення взаємодії суб'єктів ад­міністративно-правового регулювання економіки України в кризових умовах. Окрему увагу приділено характеристиці законів, норми яких регулюють взаємодію суб'єктів адміністра­тивно-правового регулювання економіки в кризових умовах актів. З'ясовано, що норма­тивно-правові акти, норми яких регулюють взаємодію суб'єктів адміністративно-правового регулювання економіки України в кризових умовах мають цілісний характер, тобто ця діяльність регулюється як законами, так і указами, постановами. В дослідженні сформульо­вані певні пропозиції щодо удосконалення нормативно-правового забезпечення взаємодії суб'єктів адміністративно-правового регулювання економіки в кризових умовах.
ГРОМАДЯНСЬКЕ СУСПІЛЬСТВО У ПОЛІСЕКТОРНИХ МОДЕЛЯХ СУСПІЛЬСТВА
Authors: Мішина Н. В.
Published: December 2019

Виділення публічного, приватного прибуткового та так званого третього секторів су­спільства, тобто трисекторна модель суспільства, на сучасному етапі не є прийнятною для більшості дослідників сучасного суспільства. У статті аналізуються недоліки цієї моделі та розглядаються пропозиції вчених про впровадження для використання інших полісектор­них моделей, які є більш вдалими для проведення досліджень громадянського суспільства.
ДОКТРИНАЛЬНИЙ РОЗВИТОК КОНЦЕПЦІЇ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ДЕРЖАВ
Authors: Андрейченко С. С.
Published: December 2019

Стаття присвячена висвітленню питання доктринального розвитку концепції міжна­родної відповідальності держав у ретроспективному розрізі. Обґрунтовується, що для по­дальшого теоретико-концептуального розвитку права міжнародно-правової відповідальності необхідними є не тільки політична воля держав, але й суттєві зусилля представників док­трини міжнародного права. Наукова розробка проблем міжнародно-правової відповідально­сті має неоціниме практичне і теоретичне значення.
O papel da língua no fortalecimento da identidade étnica dos Xukuru da Serra de Ororubá
Authors: Carvalho Solange Carlos
Published: December 2019

Este artigo é fruto da pesquisa realizada para a tese de doutorado intitulada “A língua e o fortalecimento da identidade étnica dos Xukuru da Serra de Ororubá em busca do sentido do Ser”, em Pesqueira. Trata-se de grupo indígena que vivencia um processo de fortalecimento de sua etnicidade, ressentindo-se do apagamento da língua ancestral. O referido estudo envolveu o entrelaçamento de distintas áreas do saber, a fim de melhor compreender o seu objeto de estudo.
Nota editorial
Authors: De Moura Alexandrina Sobreira , Lopes da Silva Luis Henrique
Published: December 2019

Este número reforça o princípio da interdisciplinaridade, que sempre foi característica marcante da Ciência & Trópico, e traz, nesta edição, resultado de fluxo contínuo, discussões sobre Criminologia, Economia, Filosofia, Antropologia, Geografia, Língua e Literatura. No ano em que a Revista Ciência & Trópico ganha mais visibilidade, tendo em vista sua indexação em importantes bases de dados como: DOAJ, EBSCO, DIADORIM e Redalyc (em análise), os editores dedicam-se a disseminar o conhecimento científico em diversas áreas de pesquisa, prezando pela qualidade e aprofundamento do conteúdo abordado em cada artigo.
Supporting Pro-Social Development of 60-66 Month Aged Children with the Drama Method
Authors: Şenol Fatma Betül
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study is to reflect the effectiveness of a drama education program, identify the pro-social behaviour level of children, and determine the effects of the drama education program on the pro-social behaviours of children. In this study, experimental method with the pre-test, post-test retention control group design is adopted. General information form and a Collaboration-Cooperation-Sharing Observation Form are used as data collection tools. Under the scope of this study, a 12-week drama education program is applied. The results of the study show that there is a significant difference between pre-test/post-test and retention scores between the experiment and control group. It is seen that drama education is effective for children to gain collaboration, cooperation and sharing behaviour, to adopt these behaviours and to internalize them.
Mixed Method Research: Theoretical Foundations, Designs and Its Use in Educational Research
Authors: Şahin Murat Doğan , OZTURK Gokhan
Published: December 2019

In educational sciences, 90s were the scene of the paradigmatic wars, as the researchers of quantitative or qualitative research only defended the ideas of the type of research they used and they constantly criticized the counter-paradigm. While this struggle is going on, mixed method research has emerged, a pragmatist approach that believes both methods of research are necessary and useful, and that these two methods can be used together when the research problem requires. In the 2000s, numerous studies on mixed method research have led this approach to be accepted as a third paradigm. From this history to the present, many studies have been carried out on this topic, from the philosophy of the mixed method to the genres, from the methodological substructure to the stages. Presenting a theoretical perspective, this study aims to scrutinize mixed method research with a special emphasis on its philosophical development and models. The weaknesses and strengths of mixed method as a research paradigm are also touched upon. Finally, its use in educational sciences and future directions regarding the development of this research method are discussed.
The analyst’s sham(e): collapsing into a one-person system
Authors: Leighton Jennifer
Published: December 2019

It is common knowledge that there has been a monumental shift in the psychoanalytic paradigm. The analyst was expected to “know” and “interpret” the content of a patient’s mind or the motivation of a patient’s behaviour. While treatment process mostly centres on the concerns of the patient, it is now clear to us that the subjectivities of both patient and therapist influence the course of treatment. The newer understanding of “intersubjectivity” is that intersubjectivity is, whether or not it is acknowledged or articulated. This article focuses on the analyst’s subjectivity, which although is an accepted reality, is rarely clinically conveyed. Rather, it continues to remain hidden. Whatever remains hidden is often subsumed in shame and is therefore not available for reflection or investigation. We analysts are typically wounded healers. Our wounds, and in fact all the particulars of our histories, effect how we organise and metabolise the subjectivities of our patients.
Interleukin-10 is Differentially Expressed in the Small Intestine and the Colon Experiencing Chronic Inflammation and Ulcerative Colitis Induced by Dextran Sodium Sulfate in Young Pigs
Authors: LACKEYRAM D. , YOUNG D. , KIM C. J. , YANG C. , ARCHBOLD T. L. , MINE Y. , FAN M. Z.
Published: December 2019

Intestinal inflammation induced with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) is used to study acute or chronic ulcerative colitis in animal models. Decreased gut tissue anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 concentration and mRNA abundance are associated with the development of chronic bowel inflammation. Twelve piglets of 3 days old were fitted with an intragastric catheter and randomly allocated into control and DSS groups by administrating either sterile saline or 1.25 g of DSS/kg body weight (BW) in saline per day, respectively, for 10 days. Growth rate and food conversion efficiency were reduced (p<0.05) in the DSS piglets compared with the control group. Quantitative histopathological grading of inflammation in the jejunum and colon collectively showed that the DSS treatment resulted in 12 fold greater (p<0.05) inflammation severity scoring in the colon than in the jejunum, indicative of chronic ulcerative colitis in the colon. Upper gut permeability endpoint was 27.4 fold higher (p<0.05) in the DSS group compared with the control group. The DSS group had higher concentrations and mRNA abundances (p<0.05) of TNF- and IL-6 in the jejunal and colonic tissues compared with the control group. Colonic concentration and mRNA abundance of IL-10 were reduced (p<0.05), however, jejunal IL-10 mRNA abundance was increased (p<0.05) in the DSS group compared with the control group. In conclusion, administration of DSS at 1.25 g/kg BW for 10 days respectively induced acute inflammation in the jejunum and chronic inflammation and ulcerative colitis in the colon with substantially decreased colonic concentration and mRNA abundance of IL-10 in the young pigs, mimicking the IL-10 expression pattern in humans associated with chronic bowel inflammation.
Short-Term Administration of Melatonin or Ghrelin on Diabetic Rats: Effects on Angiotensin II and Vasopressin–Induced Uterine Contractility
Authors: GEORGIEV T. , TOLEKOVA A. , KALFIN R. , HADZHIBOZHEVA P.
Published: December 2019

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Angiotensin II (Ang II) and Arginin-Vasopressin (AVP) on contractility of non-pregnant uterus in diabetic Wistar rats and to explore whether one-week administration of Melatonin (MLT) or Ghrelin (GHR) will change the response of diabetic uterine muscle to AngII and AVP. Uterine horns, prepared by the method of isolated tissues were investigated as well as glycemic profile, blood pressure and body weight. The research of smooth muscle contractions was made by a new method of analysis, characterizing in detail the various phases of the myometrial activity. Differences in the development of the peptide-mediated smooth muscle contractions depending on the phase of the estrous cycle were observed. Experimental diabetes had a pronounced negative effect on force and time-parameters of AngII and AVP-stimulated uterine contractions. Administration of GHR or MLT had a beneficial effect on the glycemic status of diabetic rats and partially improved the response of uterine preparations to the peptides. The application of MLT increased both force and time-parameters of Ang II-and AVP-stimulated uterine contractions while treatment with GHR increased power characteristics and shortened contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle process.
Connexin 50 Mutation Lowers Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat
Authors: ŠEDA O. , LIŠKA F. , PRAVENEC M. , VERNEROVÁ Z. , KAZDOVÁ L. , KŘENOVÁ D. , ZÍDEK V. , ŠEDOVÁ L. , KRUPKOVÁ M. , KŘEN V.
Published: December 2019

We assessed the effect of the previously uncovered gap junction protein alpha 8 (Gja8) mutation present in spontaneously hypertensive rat – dominant cataract (SHR-Dca) strain on blood pressure, metabolic profile, and heart and renal transcriptomes. Adult, standard chow-fed male rats of SHR and SHR-Dca strains were used. We found a significant, consistent 10-15 mmHg decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressures in SHR-Dca compared with SHR (P<0.01 and P<0.05, respectively; repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA)). With immunohistochemistry, we were able to localize Gja8 in heart, kidney, aorta, liver, and lungs, mostly in endothelium; with no differences in expression between strains. SHR-Dca rats showed decreased body weight, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and basal insulin sensitivity in muscle. There were 21 transcripts common to the sets of 303 transcripts in kidney and 487 in heart showing >1.2-fold difference in expression between SHR and SHR-Dca. Tumor necrosis factor was the most significant upstream regulator and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor family ligand-receptor interactions was the common enriched and downregulated canonical pathway both in heart and kidney of SHR-Dca. The connexin 50 mutation L7Q lowers blood pressure in the SHR-Dca strain, decreases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and leads to substantial transcriptome changes in heart and kidney.
EVALUASI TERHADAP RUMUSAN PERNYATAAN PASTORAL PGI TENTANG LGBT
Authors: Hutabarat Binsar Antoni
Published: December 2019

â€œEvaluasi terhadap Rumusan Pernyataan Pastoral Majelis Pekerja Harian PGI (Persekutuan Gereja-gereja di Indonesia)â€ 28 Mei 2016 tentang LGBT (lesbian, gay, biseksual, transgender) fokus pada evaluasi terhadap rumusan Pernyataan Pastoral MPH PGI yang berisi himbauan terhadap gereja-gereja anggota PGI, masyarakat dan negara. Evaluasi ini didasarkan pada konteks gereja-gereja anggota PGI yang terbagi dua, yakni gereja-gerejaÂ  yang menolak orientasi seksual LGBT, dan sebagian lagi yang menerima orientasi seksual LGBT. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode evaluasi rumusan kebijakan, secara khusus tentang bagaimana proses perumusan kebijakan itu dihasilkan, dan isi dari rumusan kebijakan tersebut. Temuan tulisan ini adalah Pernyataan Pastoral MPH-PGI tentang LGBT merupakan rumusan kebijakan elite MPH-PGI yang lebih berpihak kepada kelompok-kelompok yang menerima orientasi seksual LGBT, dan kurang memerhatikan pandangan mereka yang menolak orientasi seksual LGBT.
Children’s Experiences of Staying in Hospital from the Perspectives of Children and Children’s Nurses: A Narrative Review
Authors: Clarke Sonya
Published: December 2019

Aim: This review presents a narrative overview of the existing literature relating to the child’s experience of being admitted to hospital from the perspectives of children in hospital and children’s nurses who provide the majority of their care. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was undertaken-relevant work was identified through a process of selection using a broad time period, key search terms and a number of appropriate data bases. Data was initially extracted from each study using a data extraction sheet which identified the author(s), date and source of publication, study design, key findings, limitations and recommendations. The extracted data was then added to a summary table and based on this key dominant themes were identified. These provided the foundation for the formulation and the synthesis of a coherent narrative. There were 51 papers included in the review. Findings: The review therefore presents the views of two groups-(1) children who stayed overnight and (2) children’s nurses. The main findings of the narrative review are organized thematically. The views of nurses caring for the child in hospital suggest challenges exist within time restraints (to provide care), communication skills and an environment which may isolate and separate the child from their family and other children. The main themes emerging in respect of the hospital experience of children are represented as relating to communication, environment/ ward design, play, isolation/separation and the child’s relationship with family and children’s nursing to be particularly important to the child in hospital. Conclusion: Both hospital ward/environment and children’s nurse differ greatly to the child’s home and family.
PERIANAL INFECTIONS AS FIRST PRESENTATION OF HEMOBLASTOSIS AND APLASTIC ANEMIA
Authors: Shtyrkova S. V. , Karagyulyan S. R. , Gemdzhian E. G. , Ntanishyan K. I.
Published: December 2019

AIM: to present clinical variability of perianal infection (PI), developed in the debut of oncohematological disease and to determine the factors that impede PI relief and time of antitumor treatment initiation, as well as the causes of complications during chemotherapy (ChT).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: the analysis included 8 patients with an infectious process in the perianal region developed in the debut of hemoblastosis and aplastic anemia (before ChT).RESULTS: in 5 of 8 patients there was a long time between start of PI and the start of ChT for hemoblastosis, from 18 to 49 days. The impediment for a favorable time to start ChT were not clarified diagnosis of hemoblastosis (acute myeloid leukemia – 2 cases, multiple myeloma – 1, lymphoma – 1) and the ongoing infectious process in patients with severe granulocytopenia (GCP). Usually undetected hematological malignancies were observed in patients with compensated data of haemogram. Complications during ChT were associated with recurrence of PI in the area of surgery (palliative drainage of anorectal abscess and fistula-in-ano) and of the sepsis with persisted inflammation in the postoperative wound on the background of GCP.

CONCLUSION: PI is one of the infectious complications peculiar for the debut of oncohematological disease. Therefore, a general blood test with leukocyte formula should be performed before surgery in all patients with paraproctitis to exclude hemoblastosis. The unknown diagnosis of hemoblastosis and the ineffectiveness of surgical treatment of paraproctitis in patients with severe GCP were the main reasons for the delay in the beginning of antitumor treatment in this study. Persistent infection (fistula-in-ano) and the persistent inflammation in the wound on the background of the GCP has resulted in the recurrence of PI and sepsis during chemotherapy.
PROJECT: CLINICAL GUIDELINES FOR THE DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: Ivashkin V. T. , Shelygin Yu. A. , Belousova E. A. , Abdulganieva D. I. , Alekseeva O. A. , Achkasov S. I. , Valuiskikh E. Yu. , Vardanyan A. V. , Veselov A. V. , Veselov V. V. , Golovenko O. V. , Gubonina I. V. , Zhigalova T. N. , Kashnikov V. N. , Knyazev O. V. , Makarchuk P. A. , Moskaliev A. I. , Nanaeva B. A. , Nizov A. A. , Nikitina N. V. , Nikolaeva N. N. , Pavlenko V. V. , Poluektova E. A. , Svetlova I. O. , Tarasova L. V. , Tkachev A. V. , Frolov S. A. , Khlynova O. V. , Chashkova E. Yu. , Shapina M. V. , Sheptulin A. A. , Shifrin O. S. , Shchukina O. B.
Published: December 2019

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