bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection Performance of Several Nonparametric Detectors under K-Distributed Clutter
Authors: Qu Fu Yong , Meng Xiang Wei
Published: January 2012

Because of nonparametric detectors’ ability of ensuring constant false alarm rate (CFAR) for a wide class of input noise distributions and engineering implementation simply, much efforts have been directed towards the study of nonparametric methods of signal detection. This paper deals with a comparative analysis of nonparametric detectors-GS, MW, Savage detector under K-distributed clutter in homogeneous and nonhomogeneous background caused by multiple targets and clutter edge. Some results of detection probability versus signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) are presented in curves for different detector parameter values in homogeneous and multiple targets background. And the ability to control the false alarm probability for the three nonparametric detectors is presented in table. The simulation results show that S detector performs robustly in homogeneous background and clutter edge background, and can tolerate more interfering targets through increasing the number of reference cells and pulse sweeps. Therefore as a compromise solution, S detector with moderate parameters can be used in actual radar system.
The Evaluation Method of Mental Workload on Visual Interface in Cockpit
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Cheng Kun , Zhuang Da Min , Liu Zhong Qi , Yuan Xiu Gan
Published: January 2012

Objective to establish a system to evaluate the mental workload on visual display interface in airplane cockpit after synthesizing three kinds of mental workload assessment techniques, i.e. main task measure method, physiology measure method and subjective evaluate method. Methods The evaluation indices of every kind of assessment techniques was defined, and the amount of each index through experiment and subjective inquiry was gained, weighted average was calculated and a quantification evaluation value of each kind of evaluation methods was got. At last, with weighted calculation of above three evaluation values, the evaluation value of mental workload on visual display interface in airplane cockpit was obtained Results in M kinds of different designs of visual display interface in airplane cockpit, the synthetic evaluation value of one design was the smallest and the mental workload of this design was the smallest. The design of the smallest mental workload was chosen prior as the final scheme of visual display interface in airplane cockpit .Conclusion The evaluation system is combined with present main evaluation methods of mental workload and utilizes their advantages. The evaluating results can be quantified more directly and clearly. With this evaluation system, the mental workload can be evaluated during the design of visual display interface of airplane cockpit and the best scheme can be confirmed.
Performance Comparison between Orthogonal, Bi-Orthogonal and Semi- Orthogonal Wavelets
Authors: Saini Manish Kumar , Kapoor Rajiv , Singh Ajai Kumar , Manisha Manisha
Published: January 2012

The main work in the wavelet analysis is to find a good wavelet basis to perform an optimal decomposition. The goal of the proposed study is to obtain a basis function that can give optimal information from PQ signal. The study presents the wavelet basis to obtain the reconstruction and decomposition filter coefficients for orthogonal, bi-orthogonal and semi-orthogonal wavelet basis. In this study, the task is to choose better wavelet basis which has been used for PQ signal compression or decomposition among orthogonal, bi-orthogonal and semi-orthogonal wavelet basis. Certain criterion have been adopted to decide the best basis for the decomposition of the PQ signal which are as energy compaction ratio (ECR), absolute mean square error (AMSE), percent residual difference (PRD) and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). Numbers of experiments have been performed on real time PQ signal. The comparisons have been made in tabular form to choose the best wavelet basis.
A Low Complexity Switched Method for Enhancement of Spatial Resolution of Images
Authors: Choudhary Hari Singh , Khanna Vineet , Trivedi Prakrati
Published: January 2012

This paper presents a novel approach of image interpolation based on the switching of new edge directed interpolation (NEDI) and single pass interpolation algorithm ( SPIA ) and switching is based upon the % of edges present in the blocks of the image. The switching of this interpolation algorithm is block based instead of image based or pixel based. Imperially we found that NEDI methods is better applicable for smoother images (variation among the pixels is less) while SPIA method works better on detailed images (more variation among the pixels), because of the type of pixels used in the process interpolation. So, a hybrid scheme of combining NEDI method and SPIA method is used for better prediction of HR image. The proposed algorithm produces the better results for different varieties of images in terms of both PSNR measurement and subjective visual quality with low computational complexity as compare to recently developed interpolation algorithms.
An Improved Adaptive Neural Network Detecting Approach to Harmonic Currents with Changeable Learning Parameters
Authors: Xu Jun
Published: January 2012

Using the adaptive noise canceling technology, this paper proposes a new detecting approach to harmonics and reactive currents based on neural networks with changeable learning parameters. The structure of this neural network and the adaptive weights adjusting algorithm are presented. The contradiction of the detecting speed and the precision has been settled preferably. The proposed detecting approach can be used for detecting the harmonics and the reactive currents of active power filters. The results of the theoretical analysis and computer simulation confirm the validity of the approach.
The Design of a Multi-Channel Data Acquisition Module Based on FPGA
Authors: Meng Xiang Jiao , Zhang Hui Xin , Li Xiang Hong
Published: January 2012

This paper reports the basic principle and implementation process of FPGA-based multi-channel analog signal acquisition module. The emphasis of the full text is the principle of Data acquisition and the system implementation process. Multi-channel data acquisition module is composed of signal conditioning circuit、multi-channel analog multiplexers、A/D conversion and the central control system. The design uses LM324 for input signal conditioning; uses AD's 16 analog input signal chip ADG706 for channel selection; uses AD's 12-bit precision A/D converter AD7492 as the core chip of acquisition module for completing the A/D conversion; uses Xilinx's programmable logic device XC2S100 as part of the core control to achieve control of each module. Under the control of the design software, this design can take advantage of FPGA control multi-channel analog switch、A/D conversion、data compilation and uploading the data to PC to store and analyze.
Grid Fault Analysis of Unbalanced Loaded DFIG
Authors: Bhanu Raghava Prakash R. , Trinath K. , Sundeep S.
Published: January 2012

The electrical energy consumption is rising and there is a steady increase in the demand of power generation. To meet the demand fuel reserves are not sufficient. So, we can go to non-conventional energy sources like solar, tidal, wind and etc. In that wind generating system is rapidly growing one. The wind speed is not constant at all times they can using variable speed wind turbine (VSWT) or Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG). The DFIG wind turbine is recently most used turbine, because it maintains fixed voltage and frequency at variable wind speeds using power electronics equipments like RSC and GSC. In this paper discus the stability of a DFIG wind turbine connected to grid, during unbalanced loads and grid faults. Dynamic analysis and fault analysis to find the stability of system were going to carry out in this work. And to improve stability of system during abnormal conditions STATCOM is proposed.
Trajectory Optimization for Spacecraft Proximity Rendezvous Using Direct Collocation Method
Authors: Liu Tao , Zhao Yu Shan , Shi Peng , Li Bao Jun
Published: January 2012

Trajectory optimization problem for spacecraft proximity rendezvous with path constraints was discussed using direct collocation method. Firstly, the model of spacecraft proximity rendezvous in elliptic orbit optimization control problem was presented, with the dynamic equations established in the target local orbital frame, and the performance index was minimizing the total fuel consumption. After that the optimal control problem was transcribed into a large scale problem of Nonlinear Programming Problem (NLP) by means of Hermite-Simpson discretization, which was one of the direct collocation methods. Then the nonlinear programming problem was solved using MATLAB software package SNOPT. Finally, to verify this method, the fuel-optimal trajectory for finite thrust was planned for proximity rendezvous with elliptic reference orbit. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method was feasible, and was not sensitive to the initial condition, having good robustness.
Floor to Staircase and Wall Transfer Mobile Robot
Authors: Hoe Lau Wye , Parasuraman S.
Published: January 2012

The focus of the research is on the design and development of a mobile robot which has the ability to transfer from floor to wall. A novel technique is proposed for Floor-to-Wall Transfer (FWT) robot, which has the capability to move on multi terrain in different surfaces and then able to transfer to the vertical surfaces and perform task such as exploration. The proposed FWT Mobile robot is able to perform navigation such as obstacle avoidance, terrain, capturing videos and pictures across high ceiling, industrial measurement and observation where traditional vehicles or human labor are less feasible to reach. The FWT robot consists of two portions which are the MotherBot and ExplorerBot. While the MotherBot carries the ExplorerBot, it navigates in terrain surface and staircase. ExplorerBot detaches the MotherBot, while MotherBot faces the vertical wall and ExplorerBot drive itself and navigates according to the proposed algorithm. Additional features are added onto the MotherBot and ExplorerBot to perform special tasks such as transferring, navigation, sensing objects etc. Experimental studies are carried out to study the performance of both robots. Comparison between proposed techniques using existing work are discussed and evaluated.
A Grey Relational Method for Estimating Fighter’s Fly-Away Cost
Authors: Yan Wei Tian , Liu Hu , Wu Zhe
Published: January 2012

To get around the problem of limited samples and the difficulty in data collection which is faced by fighter’s fly-away cost estimation, This paper utilizes the grey relational analysis method to calculate the relational coefficients between fighter’s parameters and fly-away cost, and presents a method to estimate the fly-away cost based on the relational coefficients. A few fighters’ raw data has been selected to be a case study at the end to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of this method.
A Novel Utilization of Wireless Sensor Networks as Data Acquisition System in Smart Grids
Authors: Ebrahimi Mohmmad Sadegh , Daraei Mohammad Hossein , Rezaei Jamshid , Siahkoohi Ali
Published: January 2012

In this paper, after studying the demands and requirements of a perfect smart grid and specifications of network topology and sensor nodes utilized in a Wireless Sensor Network [WSN], a manipulated version of them is proposed to be combined with smart grid in order to improve the data acquisition step, increase the security and facilitate the process of information and desired commands from users. We will take the advantage of computer simulations to illustrate improved capacity and speed of this method. Finally, we will analyze the advantages of employing this proposed structure in a smart grid.
A New Control Algorithm for Three-Phase, Four-Wire Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) in Distributing Systems
Authors: Bhattar Chandrakant L. , Ghate Vilas N.
Published: January 2012

This paper presents the new control algorithm for three-phase, four-wire distributing system using unified power quality conditioner (UPQC). The UPQC, a combination of series and shunt active filter (AF) with common dc link, is one of the best solution towards the compensation of voltage sag, swell problems and also compensate voltage flicker/imbalance, reactive power, negative sequence current and maintain zero voltage regulation (ZVR) at the point of common coupling (PCC) on distribution system. The series AF is seen by using a three-phase, three leg voltage source inverter (VSI) and the shunt AF is of a three-phase, four leg voltage source inverter (VSI). The proposed model of the UPQC is developed in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and the simulation results prove the power quality improvement in the system.
Modification of Neuron PID Control in Case of Improper Learning Factors
Authors: Zhu Xue Gui , Fu Zhi Hong , Hou Xing Zhe
Published: January 2012

Some modifications of conventional neuron proportional-integral-differential controller (NPID) are presented in this paper to prevent its slow dynamic response and loss of control in case of improper learning factors. The quasi-step signal replaces the step signal as the reference signal to improve the dynamic characteristics. The control output of NPID is modified every step by multiplying a penalty factor called senior teacher signal to suppress further the overshoot and compress the settling time. The steady-state error from the modified NPID (MNPID) is reduced or removed by adjusting dynamically reference input signal while excluding the pseudo steady state. Lots of simulation experiments are done to prove the stability and convergence of the MNPID control algorithm.
MRAS-Based Rotor Time Constant Estimation for Indirect Vector Controlled Induction Motor Drive
Authors: Donga Kan , Diao Li Jun , Sun Da Nan , Ruan Bai Shui , Liu Zhi Gang
Published: January 2012

Decoupling the stator current into magnetizing current and torque current, the vector control technique improves the performance of AC drive system effectively. However, the rotor time constant varies widely with rotor temperature and the flux level of the machine, which decreases the quality of the drive system. By the contrastive analysis of the variable current on-line estimation methods, this paper uses the Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) and designs a set of self-adaption estimation arithmetic which has its basis on the Lyapunov theorem of stability. The simulation shows that the estimation arithmetic has the characteristics of fast convergence speed, few stability errors, good track performance and etc. On the basis of simulation of the rotor time constant on-line estimation, this paper designs the system of vector control with the rotor time constant on-line estimation and has the simulation. According to the simulation results, applying the estimation to the vector control system can improve the performance of the system effectively and establish the theoretical basis of the research on the high-performance AC drive system.
FEM Analysis of Single-Sided Linear Induction Motor with Different Secondary Conductor Structures
Authors: Lu Huai Ji , Du Yu Mei
Published: January 2012

several 2-D FEM models of SLIM with different kinds of secondary conductor structures are developed and analyzed based on certain equitable prerequisite. The computed magnetic field of different secondary conductor structures is analyzed, and the research results may give references on the optimization of secondary conductor structure.
Application of 3D Morphing Technology in Car Styling Design
Authors: Guo Jian Hong , Dai Li Ling , Li Tie Qi
Published: January 2012

Car styling design has become the important factors of car products sales and car distinctive styling is also the important competition means of car enterprises under the globalization trend. For car styling design, this paper expounds the 3D morphing technology. The technology of the computer automatically generate different from the existing car, can not only shorten the design cycle, and also can provide a lot of stylist designs and car styling design, styling division of material, The technology is a good supplement of recent car styling design technologies for innovation.
Research on Identifying Inrush Current of Transformer Based on Correlation Analysis
Authors: Chen Da Zhuang , Huang Jia Dong
Published: January 2012

This paper presents correlation analysis to discriminate the magnetizing inrush current from the fault currents in transformers. The proposed technique is based on the normalized correlation coefficient flowing into transformers during the fault current or the transformer inrush current. The method need the imaginary parts of fundamental frequency components, which are obtained from sampling differential current based on full-wave fourier algorithm and half-wave fourier algorithm, then calculate the normalized correlation coefficient with theory of correlation coefficient. Theoretical analysis and dynamic simulation results show that the method is effective and reliable under various fault conditions and simple to be applied.
Study on Modulation Strategy with Neutral-Point Balancing Control for Three-Level Two Stage Matrix Converter
Authors: Song Wei Zhang , Zhong Yan Ru , Ye Ying , Xue Chen
Published: January 2012

Aim to the three-level neutral-point potential balancing problem of three-level two stage matrix converter(TLTSMC),which is a new topology from matrix converter family that can synthesis three-level voltage in order to improve output performance in terms of reduced harmonic contents, this paper discussed the operating principles and a space vector modulation strategy with neutral-point potential balancing control for this topology. The method is divided into two control stages. Space vector PWM without zero vectors is used for rectifier stage. The modulation method of inverter stage based on the virtual space vector concept only requires the condition that the flow of neutral-point current equals zero, so the neutral-point balancing problem of this topology is effectively settled. The commutation principle of TLTSMC is analyzed. Finally, the validity and feasibility of this modulation method is tested by simulation and experiment, the result indicates that TLTSMC with the modulation strategy produces better output performance in terms of reduced harmonic contents and is also able to maintain sinusoidal input currents, furthermore, guarantees the balancing of neutral-point potential over the full range of output voltage.
Synthesis and Identification of Norfloxacin Artificial Antigen
Authors: Liu Jun Wei , Jiang Jin Qing , Zhang Hai Tang , Fan Guo Ying , An Zhi Xing
Published: January 2012

A multiresidue immunoassay method for determination of Fluoroquinolones (FQs) residues has been developed. For this purpose, NHS ester technology was employed to synthesize the immunogen and coating antigen of Norfloxacin (NFLX). SDS-PAGE, UV-visible spectra and Infrared spectra identification showed that the artificial antigen was conjugated successfully. Based on the square matrix titration, an icELISA method was established. The dynamic range in assay buffer was from 0.038 to 112.8 ng/mL, with LOD and IC50 value of 0.02 ng/mL and 1.2 ng/mL, respectively. This assay showed a high cross-reactivity to Ciprofloxacin (86%), Enrofloxacin (75%), Difloxacin (63%), Sarafloxacin (57%) and Pefloxacin (33.8%). The chemical effects on assay performance showed that the physiological pH (7.4) in assay buffer pursued the maximum absorbance (Amax) and the most sensitive IC50 values. The results suggest the artificial antigen was synthesized successfully, and the established immunoassay could be used for simultaneous detecting of Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Difloxacin, Sarafloxacin and Pefloxacin residues in animal-original food samples.
Speed and Load Torque Estimation of Induction Motors Based on an Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter
Authors: Yu Hong Xia , Hu Jing Tao
Published: January 2012

When we monitor running state of induction motor in field, the sensorless estimation of load torque and speed of induction motor has important significance, in this paper, a method to estimate load torque and speed of motor using adaptive extended kalman filter(AEKF) is presented, the covariance matrices of noises are estimated while the speed and load torque of induction motor are estimated using EKF in this method; this method solved the problem that the estimate results of EKF are affected greatly by the covariance matrices of noise, Simulation demonstrate that this method can get higher estimated accuracy.
Real-Time Target Tracking Based on SOPC
Authors: Li Zhong , Mao Jian Guo , Wu Xue Wang , Lu Wen Yu , Lu Guang Min
Published: January 2012

The Mean Shift is an algorithm which is a non-parametric probability density gradient estimation. It can be widely applied to the moving target tracking. This paper presents a target tracking method of mean shift based on SOPC. Through designing the parallel algorithm of the system, to take into account the cost of FPGA hardware and complexity of the model, we improve the real-time of the target tracking. Meanwhile, through modeling based on DSP Builder, instead of preparing FPGA hardware description language code, we reduce system designing complexity and improve the designing efficiency of the electronic system . The results show that the real-time of the target tracking is proportional to the Parallelism of design, and the system can meet with the real-time of high-speed visual tracking.
Research of Adaptive Canceller Based on Reverberation Correlation of the Beams
Authors: Li Gen , Zhu Guang Ping , Sun Hui
Published: January 2012

The purpose of this paper is to detect the echo under reverberation background by using adaptive interference cancellation. And in this paper, experimental data was treated. Reference signal is separately one single beam or symmetrical double beams in the processing of adaptive reverberation cancel. As the results shown, it is clear that the reverberation is made a great degree of inhibition after adaptive reverberation cancellation treatment. And when symmetrical double beams are as the reference signals, the effect is obviously better than one single beam.
Stabilization for Wireless Sensor/Actuator Networks with Reordering-Based Sample Rate Adaptation
Authors: Li Jin Na , Yu Hai Bin , Xie Yan Hong , Pei Xiao Wen
Published: January 2012

A novel sample rate adaptation technique is proposed for the wireless sensor/actuator networks with packet reordering. Considering network-induced delay and packet loss, a new technique for adapting the sampling interval to network parameters is studied in terms of the Reorder Density, such that a closed-loop switched delay system is presented by constructing state feedback controller. Furthermore, a criterion for stochastic stability of WSANs is derived based on the stochastic theory due to the subsystems subject to Markov chain. An adaptive controller is designed by solving linear matrix inequalities (LMI). An example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Research on the Adaptive Fuzzy Control Based on Variable Universe of with Magneto-Rheological Suspension
Authors: Duan Min , Li Gang , Shi Jing , Su Hai Hua
Published: January 2012

The magnetic circuit of MR damper was given,Finite Element Analysis and the structure optimization of MR damper were reserched.The theory of a variable domain by adopting an adaptive algorithm based on fuzzy-control was applied in semi-active suspension control with MR damper.The adaptive law for membership functiongs was designed for input and output.Based on 2DOF 1/4 car model with the simulationed for road protile as random input,the control simulation of MR semi-actibe suspension was carried out,results show that spring mass acceleration reduced while an adaptive algorithim with a variable domain fuzzy control was used to compare with ordinary strategy,the riding comfort got improved.
The Identification of Internal and External Faults for ±800kV UHVDC Transmission Line Based on S-Transform and SVM
Authors: Shu Hong Chun , Tian Xin Cui , Dai Yue Tao
Published: January 2012

There is a smoothing reactor and DC filter between the inverter and the direct current line to form a boundary in the HVDC transmission system. Since this boundary presents the stop-band characteristic to the high frequency transient voltage signals, the high-frequency transient voltage signal caused by external faults through boundary will be attenuated and the signals caused by internal faults will be unchanged. In this paper, a new technique in which the combination of the S–transform and support vector machine (SVM) is used to analyze the transient signals, is proposed for distinguishing internal faults from the external faults based on the significantly difference of high-frequency transient voltage on the point of protection.
Energy Conservation through Multi Winding Induction Machines
Authors: Chandrasekaran V , Manigandan T
Published: January 2012

Three phase induction motors are employed in Textile mills, Agriculture and in almost all the machine tools. More than 60% of electrical energy generated being consumed by the induction motors. Hence, even a small contribution in the improvement of the power factor and efficiency will be cost effective. The power factor and efficiency of an induction motor is based on the shaft load and in order to improve the same, multi windings are suggested in the same stator. In multi winding induction machines, when one set of windings is connected to a three phase a supply, a revolving magnetic field of constant magnitude is developed in the air gap which is responsible to work as a conventional induction motor to meet the mechanical load and to develop a three phase EMF in the other winding that works as an Induction Alternator (IA).Double Winding Induction Motor (DWIM) also provides an opportunity to load each winding individually to its rated capacity. A small three phase load or a single phase load may be connected to the second set of winding. The dependency of separate supply for this load is eliminated. Hence, improvement in the efficiency, power factor and energy conservation is made possible in these machines. In order to validate the problem statement, a 3-phase, 3.0 kW, 415 V Double Winding Induction Motor(DWIM), a 3-phase, 3.0 kW, 415 V Double Winding Synchronous Reluctance Motor (DWSyRM), a 3-phase, 2.2 kW, 415 V Three Winding Induction Motor (TWIM) have been designed, fabricated and tested. Two controllers have been designed, one for a DWIM to operate the motor in power balancing and maximum efficiency modes of operation and other to operate TWIM at three different voltage levels depending upon the shaft load. In this paper, detailed comparisons of performances of three multi winding machines are presented.
Voltage Coordination via Communication in Large-Scale Multi-Area Power Systems. Part I: Principal
Authors: Moradzadeh Mohammad , Boel René
Published: January 2012

This two-part paper deals with the coordination of the control actions in a network of many interacting components, where each component is controlled by independent control agents. As a case study we consider voltage control in large electric power systems, where ever-increasing pressures from the liberalization and globalization of the electricity market has led to partitioning the power system into multiple areas each operated by an independent Transmission System Operator (TSO). Coordination of local control actions taken by those TSOs is a very challenging problem as poorly coordinated operation of TSOs may endanger the power system security by increasing the risk of blackouts. This coordination problem involves many other issues such as communication, abstraction and last but not least optimization. This first part of the paper is devoted to the principals of the coordination control, addressing some of those issues using as a case study the problem of coordination control for avoiding voltage collapse in large-scale multi-area power systems.
Neural Q-Learning Based Mobile Robot Navigation
Authors: Yun Soh Chin , Parasuraman S. , Ganapathy Velappa , Joe Halim Kusuma
Published: January 2012

This research is focused on the integration of multi-layer Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Q-Learning to perform online learning control. In the first learning phase, the agent explores the unknown surroundings and gathers state-action information through the unsupervised Q-Learning algorithm. Second training process involves ANN which utilizes the state-action information gathered in the earlier phase of training samples. During final application of the controller, Q-Learning would be used as primary navigating tool whereas the trained Neural Network will be employed when approximation is needed. MATLAB simulation was developed to verify and the algorithm was validated in real-time using Team AmigoBotTM robot. The results obtained from both simulation and real world experiments are discussed.
A Generalized Compensation Strategy for Dynamic Voltage Restorer
Authors: Ke Chang Bin , Li Yong Li , Li Bo Tong , Jin Qiang
Published: January 2012

Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is used to mitigate the impact of the voltage sags. At first the structure of DVR and three basic compensation methods are introduced. Considering the compensation performance and the injection capability of the DVR, a generalized compensation strategy based on pre-fault compensation, energy-saving compensation and progressive phase rotation method is proposed. With this compensation strategy, the active power injected by DVR can be minimized on the premise of the quality of compensation. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed compensation strategy.
Research on the Performances of Self-Oscillation Linear Actuator and its Compensation
Authors: Lin Fan , Qiao Li , Wang Yu , Liu Hui
Published: January 2012

Base on constitution of the self-oscillation linear actuator which is a servo system for a gun launched missile, a nonlinear model was built. Though the experiment, the model is correct. This paper studied the stability, the self-oscillation's frequency and gain on this kind of servo system. On comparing phase-lead compensation and phase-lag compensation, the later is more suitable for this system. After testing, the lag regulator is designed for the system.
Design and Research of Disc PMSM for Electric Wheel
Authors: Yang Jie , Jiao Hai Ning
Published: January 2012

This paper studies on how to design a new kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the need of electric wheel. We broaden the limits from the power density and moment of inertia, and focus on security, speed control range, start torque, overload capacity and so on. By linking mechanism, the motor is connected to wheels and drive them directly. The motor and the wheel hub also remain relatively independent. So the motor inherits the advantage of electric wheel and broadens the limits from dimension at the same time.
Kinematic Analysis of a Dexterous Hand
Authors: Biswal Bibhuti Bhusan , Parida P.K. , Pati K.C.
Published: January 2012

Handling of objects with irregular shapes and that of flexible/soft objects by ordinary robot grippers is difficult. Multi fingered gripper may be a solution to such handling tasks. However, dexterous grippers will be the appropriate solution to such problems. Although it is possible to develop robotic hands which can be very closely mapped to human hands, it is sometimes not to be done due to control, manufacturing and economic reasons. The present work aims at designing and developing a dexterous robotic hand for manipulation of objects.
Optimal Weighting Matrices Design for LQR Controller Based on Genetic Algorithm and PSO
Authors: Ghoreishi S. Amir , Nekoui Mohammad Ali
Published: January 2012

In this paper, considering some important indices such as closed-loop pole locations, speed of response and combining them into an objective function an optimization problem is defined in order to select the weighting matrices in Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) controller. To solve this optimization problem the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are utilized and compared. The proposed method is applied to rotational inverted pendulum. Simulation results show the relative superiority of PSO over GA.
Reliability Analysis of Combing Opportunistic Scheduling and Transmit Antenna Selection with Zero-Forcing Receivers in SM-MIMO Systems
Authors: Wu Hua Ming , Su Yan Yong
Published: January 2012

In this paper, we propose a novel scheme combing opportunistic schedule (OS) and transmit antenna selection (Tx-AnSS) with ZF receivers under imperfect channel estimation in SM-MIMO systems, where the user set and the transmit antenna subset are adaptively selected according to channel state information (CSI), which is feedback from the receive side. First, we derive the average effective SNR and both analytical forms and approximation expressions for outage probability and BER expression, showing that combining multiuser diversity (MUD) and Tx-AnSS in SM-MIMO systems provides much larger diversity and better performance than the scheme without MUD or Tx-AnSS. Further, the diversity gains for both outage probability and BER expression are also quantified through asymptotic analysis.
RBF Network Based on Improved Niche Hybrid Hierarchy Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Wang Fang , Yu Jin Lan , Zhu Pin Chang , Wei Xi Feng
Published: January 2012

The improved niche hybrid hierarchy genetic algorithm is presented to overcome the premature convergence which happens in genetic algorithm constructing RBF network. The niche with poor fitness of every individual is eliminated to save system resource and raise operation speed. The simulation results demonstrate the better predicted performance on the Mackey-Glass chaotic time series than other algorithms.
Analysis of 2,6-Dinitrotoluene Toxicity to Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Zheng Ai Rong , Xu Jing Bo
Published: January 2012

2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT) is the preferential toxicants stipulated by OECD and EPA of USA. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of 2,6-DNT chemical on acute toxicity and subacute toxicity in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h LC50 values of common carp by 2,6-DNT were 1.137±0.023mg/L, 0.830±0.024mg/L, 0.661±0.019mg/L and 0.479±0.020mg/L, respectively. The subacute experiment shows that C. carpio are rarely affected by 0.0251mg/L 2,6-DNT, but significantly affected by 0.0398, 0.0631, 0.0794mg/L 2,6-DNT in contrast to the controlled sample (p liver > kidney.
Multi-Scale Stereo Analysis Based on Local Multi-Model Monogenic Image Feature Descriptors
Authors: He Xiao Qin , Li Jin Jun , Li Xiao Yan
Published: January 2012

A multi-scale method based on local multi-model monogenic image feature descriptors (LMFD) is proposed to match interest points and estimate disparity map for stereo images. Local multi-model monogenic image features include local orientation and instantaneous phase of the gray monogenic signal, local color phase of the color monogenic signal and local mean colors in the multi-scale color monogenic signal framework. The gray monogenic signal, which is the extension of analytic signal to gray level image using Dirac operator and Laplace equation, consists of local amplitude, local orientation and instantaneous phase of 2D image signal. The color monogenic signal is the extension of monogenic signal to color image based on Clifford algebras. The local color phase can be estimated by computing geometric product between the color monogenic signal and a unit reference vector in RGB color space. Because the proposed feature descriptors contain local geometric, structure and color information, it is robust against noise and brightness change in feature matching and 3D reconstruction. Experiment results on the synthetic and natural stereo images show the performance of the proposed approach.
Prototype Architecture of the Medical Cyber Physical System Based on Grid Computing
Authors: Zhang Peng , He Peng Ju , Chen Ming
Published: January 2012

Medical Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is integrations of computation and medical processes. Embedded computers and networks monitor and control the medical processes, usually with feedback loops where medical processes affect computations and vice versa. The medical CPS has many unique features, such as high-confidence, hard–real-time, highly-cooperative, highly- interoperative, etc. In this paper, a prototype architecture of medical CPS based on grid computing is proposed. It is argued that this architecture captures the essential attributes of a medical CPS and lead to identification of many research challenges.
Study on One-Bath Dyeing Technology and its Application for Disperse/Reactive Dyes on Polyester/Viscose Blended Fabrics
Authors: Wang Guang Ming , Zhou Lan , Chen Jun Li , Cheng Guang Jie , Hu Zhong Fa
Published: January 2012

In order to shorten dyeing process, increase yield and reduce consumption of water and alkaline, the one-bath two-stage heating dyeing process was used for reactive/disperse dyes. The key technology of this research was adding alkaline when polyester/viscose (cotton) blended fabrics were dyed by reactive dyes,and then adding acetic acid when dyed by disperse dyes. During this process, acetic acid and alkali neutralize, and sodium acetate and acetic acid form a buffer system, which greatly improves dyeing reproducibility. The results of factory trial showed that color strength and color fastness of polyester/viscose (cotton) blended fabrics dyed by this process were as same as those achieved by the traditional process.
Non-Aqueous Dyeing of Reactive Dyes in D5
Authors: Liu Jin Qiang , Miao Hua Li , Li Shen Zheng
Published: January 2012

C.I. Reactive Red 195 was used for non-aqueous dyeing in D5 (Decamethyl Cyclopentasiloxane) and appropriate surfactants were selected to ensure the dyes dispersed stably in D5 medium. The feasible method for reactive dyeing in dyes/D5 suspension system was established through repeated experiments. At the same time, taking the color depth (K/S value) as the evaluation index, the process factors in dyeing such as temperature, dyeing duration, pick-up ratio of alkali solution on fabric, as well as the alkali concentration were optimized for setting up dyeing conditions. The results showed that, the dye up-take could reach nearly 100% without any salt as accelerating agent. Since just a little water was used in the process, hydrolysis of reactive dyes was restrained, fixing rate was increased, and the apparent color depth of the dyed sample was much better than traditional water bath dyeing. The washing fastness and rubbing fastness of samples dyed in dyes/D5 system were satisfactory.
Color Fading of Indigo-Dyed Cotton Denim Fabric by Laser
Authors: Kan C.W. , Yuen C.W.M. , Cheng C.W.
Published: January 2012

Laser allows short-time surface engraving of the patterns of desired variety, size, and intensity on a wide range of textile surfaces with precision and without much damaging the texture of the materials. The laser application in textile material has been applied possible to make denim fabric looked faded and worn out without the use chemical process. In this study, laser was applied on the denim fabric in order to evaluate its effect on fabric shade. The laser power density increased in response to the increase in the level of pixel time and resolution. Under the effect of high laser power density, a paler surface appearance was noted in the denim fabrics and the K/Ssumvalues indicated that the amount of dye on denim fabric was decreased significantly.
Effect of Water Repellent Agent on Migration of Disperse Dyes
Authors: Xu Min , Shao Jian Zhong , Xu Jian Hua , Li Bing
Published: January 2012

In order to investigate the diffusion of disperse dye between substrates and hydrophobic auxiliaries, two different kinds and dosages of water repellent agents were applied to conventional and microdenier polyester by measuring their K/S value, color difference (△E) and extracted absorbance. The results illustrated that irrespective of the kind or of the dosage of water repellent agents, dye migration increased upon the employment of water repellent, and heat treatment will accelerate the dye migration process.
Promotional Effect of Ionic Liquid on the Enzymatic Shrink-Resistant Finishing of Wool Fabrics
Authors: Yuan Jiu Gang , Fan Xue Rong , Wang Qiang , Wang Ping
Published: January 2012

In the paper, wool samples were pretreated by [BmiCl ionic liquid, followed by protease. The effect of ionic liquid pretreatment on the enzymatic shrink-resistant finishing of wool fabrics was studied. The results showed that the epicuticle was damaged by pretreatment, and the wettability of wool fabric was improved. These changes of wool surface made a promotional effect on proteolytic reactions. They could remarkably improve the accessibility of protease and thus increasing the efficiency of protease treatment. The weight loss of the sample pretreated with ionic liquid was dramatically increased, and the encouraging shrink-resistance was also achieved after the combination of ionic liquid and protease treatments.
Surface Changes after Silver Formation on a Precoated Surface with Polyaniline for Textile Metallization
Authors: Zhao Ya Ping , Cai Zai Sheng , Fu Xiao Lan
Published: January 2012

Silver (Ag) deposition was performed on a polyaniline-precoated surface for textile metallization. Polyaniline was utilized as an intermediate layer on fabrics to facilitate Ag formation. Inductivily coupled plasma atomic emission spectgrometry (ICP-AES) was used to monitor the content of metallic elements on Ag-laden polyaniline layers prepared under different conditions of polyaniline fomation. The surface modification of the samples before and after Ag plating was characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
The Application of Antibacterial Components of Euphorbia Humifusa Willd on Silk Fabrics
Authors: Wu Lan , Zhou Pei Jian , Wang Xiao Fang
Published: January 2012

The minimal inhibitory concentration of the natural antibacterial components extracted from euphorbia humifusa willd (EHW) was investigated. The optimized fixation process and the antimicrobial activity of the treated silk fabrics were also studied. The results of the experiments indicated that the optimized fixation process parameters were extract concentration 60%, pH 4, 90°C and 60 minutes and the silk fabric had excellent antibacterial property. After 30 washing cycles the inhibitory rate of the silk fabric decreased from 100% to 61.8% and from, 89.31% to 67.86% against St.aureus and E. coli, respectively. A further treatment with rare earth improved the antibacterial durability of the silk fabric.
Functional Finishes for Wool-Eco Considerations
Authors: Ingham P.E. , McNeil Steve J. , Sunderland Matthew R.
Published: January 2012

Although wool is a natural renewable fibre with a relatively low environmental impact for its production, a number of functional finishes are commonly applied to improve wool’s performance in knitted or woven garments or carpet. These finishes include those to improve fabric shrink-, flame- and insect -resistance, photo-stability and a number of treatments to improve wool carpet performance. The paper describes currently used treatments, their environmental problems and considers new, more environmentally -friendly alternatives under development.
Dyeing and Anti-Ultraviolet Properties of Anthocynins Extracted from Purple Sweet Potatoes for Silk
Authors: Peng Li Yuan , Mao Hai Yan , Xiu Yu Fei , Zhang Kai Rui , Wang Chao Xia
Published: January 2012

Purple sweet potatoes were applied to extract anthocyanins for dyeing silk fabrics. Dyeing and anti-ultraviolet properties of anthocyanins were investigated. The color yield, exhaustion behaviors, fastness properties and anti-ultraviolet properties of dyed silk fabrics were also discussed. The results showed that high color strength value (K/S value = 3.01) was achieved at 50 °C and pH 3. The washing and rubbing fastness properties were enhanced by mordant dyeing method using alum. The dyed silk samples displayed good anti-ultraviolet and the UV transmittance was decreased by 46% at 300nm and 58% at 360nm.
Relationship between Various Chemical Treatments on the Mechanical, Anti-Felting and Dyeing Properties of Wool
Authors: Mori Masukuni , Matsudaira Mitsuo
Published: January 2012

Wool fibers have higher elasticity than synthetic fibers, and are superior in the properties of vapor absorption and desorption. However, the only fault of wool is its felting propensity during home laundering. Although various anti-felting treatments to reduce the felting property have been developed and used industrially, there are still problems such as environmental issues and changes of fabric handle. These issues were studied in this paper. The effect of DCCA, NaOCl and plasma treatments on anti-felting property, fabric handle, yellowing, color intensity and hydrophilicity were especially investigated. It is concluded that NaOCl method is the best treatment in the points of anti-felting, fabric handle, yellowing and color intensity.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Complex of (R,R)-N,N’-bis(salicylal)-1,2-Cyclohexanediamine with Fe3+
Authors: Jiang Yin Zhi , Tian Lian Zhu , Zou Yang , Zhang Lian Qun
Published: January 2012

The complex 1 (FeC20H24N3O7) was synthesized from (R, R)-N,N-bis (salicylal )1,2-cyclohexanediamine (H2L) and Fe (NO3)3. The complex 1 has been characterized by the elemental analysis and IR spectra. The crystal structure of the complex 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal data for the complex 1: space group C2/c , with a = 18.967(2)Å, b = 14.526(2)Å, c = 15.3927(18)Å, α=90.00º, β= 95.885(3) º, γ=90.00º, Z=8, V= 4218.5(9) Å3, Dc= 1.494 mg.m-3, µ= 0.763mm-1, F(000)= 1976. The results of crystal structure determination show that there exists rich H-bond. The complex 1 is composed of one [Fe (L2-) (H2O)2]+cation and one nitrate anion. The L2-and two H2O molecular are attached to the Fe3+viacoordinate bond. The nitrate anion is attached to the cation through hydrogen bond with H (3A) and H (4B) atom. The Fe (III) atom is six-coordinated by linking to one quarter-dentate chelating ligand (L2-) and two mono-dentate chelating H2O ligands.
Synthesis of Symmetrical N,N′-Alkylidene Bisamides Using Zinc Chloride as a Lewis Acid Catalyst
Authors: Shen Xiao Xia , Shen Ying Lin , Han Yi Feng , Liu Qiang
Published: January 2012

N,N-alkylidene bisamides were synthesized with good to excellent yields from aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes and amides in the presence of 2 mol % of anhydrous zinc chloride. The synthesis successfully employed Lewis acid as catalyst.
Preparation and Application of Modified Nano-Titanium Dioxide Agent
Authors: Liu Xin Hua , Tao Xu Chen , Chi Er Yan
Published: January 2012

Cotton is the most widely used fiber. However, cotton fabric has a relatively high UV radiation permeability. Compared with some synthetic fabrics, cotton fabrics anti-UV ability is lower. nanotitanium dioxide has a good catalytic and ultraviolet light shielding effect, so it can be used as anti UV finishing agent. Using modified nanotitanium dioxide to finish the cotton fabrics, one can get the function of anti-UV performance. Therefore, in this paper, nanotitanium dioxide was first modified with 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and polyethylene glycol in order to improve their size stability. And then by way of finishing, the modified nanotitanium dioxide dispersion was soaked into cotton fiber. During a baking process, modified nanotitanium dioxide was combined with cotton fibers via covalent bonds.