bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversidad genética de Moringa oleifera Lam. en el nororiente colombiano utilizando marcadores RAMs
Authors: Chaves-Bedoya Giovanni , Galvis-Perez Zaida Lorena , Ortiz-Rojas Luz Yineth
Published: March 2018

Moringa oleifera, Lam., también conocida como Moringa pterygosperma Gaertn., es un árbol endógeno de la región del Himalaya, de crecimiento rápido que puede alcanzar los 12 m de alto. Moringa es empleado como alimento o como medicina, reconocido por sus compuestos bioactivos. En Colombia, moringa se ha promovido principalmente por sus propiedades medicinales. Sin embargo, a pesar de la importancia de este recurso fitogenético, no existen estudios de su variabilidad genética en el país. En esta investigación, empleando marcadores moleculares microsatelites amplificados al azar (RAMs),  se analizaron 45 accesiones de moringa procedentes  de 4 departamentos del Nor Oriente de Colombia. Los coeficientes de Dice y Nei-Li a un  nivel de similitud de 0,75 diferenciaron la población en 4 grupos genéticos. La heterocigocidad estimada  fue de 0,13 para el cebador CT y de 0,29 para los cebadores CGA y GT. El porcentaje de loci polimórfico osciló entre 31 y 100% para los cebadores CT y CA, respectivamente. Por la agrupación UPGMA, se identificó que las accesiones de Villa del Rosario en Norte de Santander están genéticamente aislados. Se encontró que la diversidad genética de  las accesiones de Moringa estudiadas es baja. El conocimiento de la variabilidad genética de moringa en  las regiones de estudio,  proporciona un nuevo aporte a los cultivadores colombianos que puede ser empleado en futuros programas de mejoramiento.
Use of metribuzin, associated with different foliar fertilizers, on carrot crops
Authors: Soares da Silva Gustavo , Oliveira Pessoa Gabriella Daier , Valadão Silva Daniel , Ramos de Campos Eduardo , Rodrigues dos Reis Marcelo , Alberto da Silva Antonio
Published: March 2018

El objetivo del estudio evaluó el uso de diferentes fertilizantes foliares asociados, y no asociados con metribuzina, sobre la productividad de zanahoria. Los experimentos se realizaron en dos ciclos de cultivo con un arreglo factorial 2×4 de los tratamientos. El primer factor fue la ausencia y presencia de la metribuzina (0 y 288 g ha-1 i.a.) y el segundo factor fueron los fertilizantes foliares: FertiG, FertiB, sacarosa y sin aplicación. En el primer ciclo de producción, el rendimiento comercial aumentó en la asociación de FertiG y metribuzina, la relación bifurcación/descarte total disminuyó cuando se aplica los fertilizantes foliares junto con la metribuzina. La metribuzina sola disminuyó la productividad total y la relación producción comercial/rendimiento total en el primer ciclo, sin embargo el estrés se mitigó cuando se aplicó FertiG. En el segundo ciclo, la metribuzina sola o asociada a FertiG aumentó la productividad comercial. El FertiB disminuyó la relación bifurcación/descarte total. La metribuzina sola o asociada con FertiG y FertiB obtuvieron resultados similares en la relación producción comercial/rendimiento total en el ciclo 2. FertiG atenúa satisfactoriamente el estrés causado por la metribuzina a las plantas de zanahoria con un impacto positivo en la productividad comercial del cultivo de zanahoria.
Онлайн-программа сравнительного тезаурусного анализа русских переводов произведений У. Шекспира: итоги первого года
Authors: Гайдин Борис Николаевич
Published: March 2018

В статье представлены некоторые итоги первого года работы над проектом «Разработка и внедрение в открытом доступе онлайн-программы сравнительного тезаурусного анализа русских переводов произведений У. Шекспира» (www.shakespearecorpus.ru), поддержанным грантом РФФИ (№ 17-04-12038в). Автор перечисляет основные возможности платформы на примере сравнения переводов пьесы «Троил и Крессида» У. Шекспира, выполненные в XX–XXI вв. А. М. Федоровым, Л. С. Некорой, Т. Г. Гнедич и А. В. Флорей.

 
Шекспир в современной русской культуре: национальное и глобальное
Authors: Гайдин Борис Николаевич
Published: March 2018

В статье представлена концепция проекта, задачей которого является изучение влияния творчества У. Шекспира на современную русскую культуру. Особое внимание уделено анализу специфики отечественной рецепции шекспировского наследия в XX–XXI вв. во взаимосвязи национального и глобального.

В этом отношении небезынтересно проследить, как в России отмечались шекспировские юбилеи в 1864, 1914, 1939, 1964 и 2014 г. Эти сведения дают возможность представить отечественную шекспиросферу в исторической перспективе и сделать некоторые выводы о роли Шекспира в современной культуре России. Автор рассматривает некоторые тенденции, характерные для апроприации шекспировского творчества в нашей стране в XX–XXI столетиях.

 
Relationship between sarcopenia and the serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio in Japanese rural community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Kusunoki Hiroshi , Tsuji Shotaro , Wada Yosuke , Fukai Mayuka , Nagai Koutatsu , Itoh Masako , Sano Kyoko , Tamaki Kayoko , Ohta Yoshinori , Amano Manabu , Maeda Hatsuo , Hasegawa Yoko , Kishimoto Hiromitsu , Shimomura Soji , Yoshikawa Hiroo , Shinmura Ken
Published: March 2018

Aims

Sarcopenia, the age‐related decline in skeletal muscle volume and function, is associated with negative clinical and socioeconomic outcomes in elderly people. Clinical biomarkers to diagnose sarcopenia that can be quantified in a reliable, and cost‐ effective manner, are needed. We investigated whether the creatinine (Cr) /cystatin C (CysC) ratio is correlated with muscle volume and physical function in Japanese community‐dwelling elderly subjects.

Methods and results

The present study included 213 men aged 73.2±6.2 years and 464 women aged 72.4±5.5 years from a rural area in the Hyogo prefecture of Japan. To evaluate whether the Cr/CysC ratio is correlated with sarcopenia criteria in elderly individuals without severe renal impairment, we excluded subjects with estimate glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <45.

The prevalence of sarcopenia diagnosed according to the AWGS criteria was 2.8% in men and 3.4% in women. The Cr/CysC ratio correlated with skeletal mass index (r = 0.49, p <0.0001), skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.53, p <0.0001), grip power (r = 0.59, p <0.0001), knee extension muscle strength (r = 0.49, p <0.0001), normal gait speed (r = 0.18, p <0.0001), and maximal gait speed (r = 0.32, p <0.0001). A negative correlation between the Cr/CysC ratio and, body fat mass (r = −0.20, p <0.0001) and percentage of body fat mass (r = −0.39, p <0.0001) was observed. In a multiple regression analysis, Cr/CysC was also found to be significantly positively correlated with each component of the sarcopenia criteria.

Conclusions

Even in elderly individuals without severe renal impairment, the Cr/CysC ratio was positively correlated with muscle volume and physical function and negatively correlated with body fat mass. Therefore, the Cr/CysC ratio might be a useful biomarker to predict sarcopenia.
Medium and the End of Myths
Authors: Wack Daniel
Published: March 2018

Stanley Cavell opens The World Viewed with an autobiographical note about a recent transformation in his own movie-watching habits. Over the course of the 1960s, he has noticed a loss of interest in attending and attending to newly released movies. It is not too strong to say that The World Viewed functions as an account of Cavell’s personal transformation as a movie-goer, from a passionate and engaged regular attendee into someone who has lost a deep sense of urgency for contemporary Hollywood film. This moment of autobiography functions, as such autobiographical moments do generally in Cavell’s work, as a philosophical datum, a fact of contemporary experience that calls for reflection and explanation. Cavell’s loss of interest in contemporary movie-watching calls our attention to a general transformation in the relations between Hollywood movies and their audiences that occurred over the course of the 1960s but continues to have implications more than forty years later for contemporary movies and their audiences.
Editorial Comment
Authors: Macarthur David
Published: March 2018

Welcome to Conversations 2!
Romantic Affinities?
Authors: Cachopo João Pedro
Published: March 2018

In “Opera and the Lease of Voice,” a chapter of A Pitch of Philosophy (1994), as in a relatively recent essay entitled “Opera in (and as) Film” (2005), Cavell develops a compelling argument about the link between these two art forms. According to him, opera and film represent two historically distant attempts to come to terms with the same “cultural trauma,” one he characterizes as “having to do with a crisis of expression, a sense that language as such, reason as such, can no longer be assured of its relation to a world apart from me or to the reality of the passions within me.” Such a crisis has a name: it is called skepticism.
Cavell and Hume on Skepticism, Natural Doubt, and the Recovery of the Ordinary
Authors: Fosl Peter S.
Published: March 2018

One curious aspect of Stanley Cavell’s investigations into skepticism is his relative neglect of one of philosophy’s most important skeptics, David Hume. Cavell’s thinking about skepticism is located in relation to Wittgenstein, Kant, Emerson, Austin, and others.  But while Hume is occasionally mentioned, those encounters are brief and generally dismissive. In “Aesthetic Problems of Modern Philosophy,” for example, Cavell remarks that while “Hume is always a respectable place to begin,” Kant is “deeper and obscurer” (MWM, 88). The important Cavell scholar Timothy Gould follows Cavell in this, writing that: “Hume’s tactic of playing billiards as a relief from the melancholy of reflection and skepticism is a relatively unsophisticated strategy, compared to some that I know of.”
Little Did He Know
Authors: Krajewski Bruce
Published: March 2018

Continental philosophers and their followers seem to be, for the most part, untroubled by the machinations, lies, political accommodations, inactions, and ethical breaches by major figures in that tradition. This does not lead to recognition of irony by the scholars who then recommend these major figures as guides for ethics. Catherine Zuckert goes so far as to that “philosophical dialogue and textual hermeneutics are essentially ethical” (GR, 234). Cavell has chosen to declare an ethics as well. The theme of “moral perfectionism” that one can find in many of Cavell’s books, particularly the works dealing with the repositioning of Thoreau and Emerson, is part of an ongoing project to locate something “American” in concerns about “moral perfectionism” and the everyday. We even have a book about what “Christians might learn from [Cavell].” Stanley Bates can serve as a representative of a chorus of writers who not only embrace Cavell as someone presenting an ethical viewpoint, but who also have become proponents of that viewpoint. Bates has no hesitation in claiming on Cavell’s behalf a connection between ethics and politics: “Cavell is interested in the dimension of moral life that must be lived by an individual within a political setting, a life that a ‘good enough’ state of political justice makes possible, but that is not, and cannot be, determined by rules” (SCE, 42-43). Bates ends his essay by telling us that in at least one important way, Cavell is like Nietzsche, and it seems as if Bates intends that to be a positive comparison. Bates seems free of any knowledge of Nietzsche’s posthumous “political setting” in the National Socialist period.
Seeing Selves and Imagining Others
Authors: Najarian Jon
Published: March 2018

From his early childhood, Stanley Cavell learned to tread carefully the intervening space between twin pillars: of aesthetic sensibility on the one hand, and political belonging on the other. Early in his memoir Little Did I Know, Cavell establishes a set of differences between his mother and father that far exceed both gender and age (his father was ten years older than his mother), as he notes the starkly contrasting dispensations of their respective families:The artistic temperament of my mother’s family, the Segals, left them on the whole, with the exception of my mother and her baby brother, Mendel, doubtfully suited to an orderly, successful existence in the new world; the orthodox, religious sensibility of my father’s family, the Goldsteins, produced a second generation—some twenty-two first cousins of mine—whose solidarity and severity of expectation produced successful dentists, lawyers, and doctors, pillars of the Jewish community, and almost without exception attaining local, some of them national, some even a certain international, prominence.From his mother’s family, Cavell would inherit the musical sensibility that, had he not ventured into the world of academic philosophy, might have led him towards a career as a musician or in music. In his father’s family Cavell observes a religious belonging that, in the decades in which Cavell is raised, becomes morally inseparable from political belonging, as the rise of European anti-Semitism and the threat of Hitler’s ascent to power would drastically alter the political significance of Jewish religious identification.
Cartesian Auto Body
Authors: Rhu Lawrence
Published: March 2018

“The body and the engine are one,” declaresDnezivich, the Senior SpecialistIn Total Loss. “They’re indivisible,A single unit.” Naturally, he prevailsThough nature plays no part in his discourse.I haven’t heard so much philosophyIn years; it promptly silences appealsTo values dutifully applied in practice:Required maintenance performed, as scheduled,Every three months or three thousand miles.“Please, don’t bother with that bump or scratch,”I say to Frank at Suddeth Automotive.
A comparative study of parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young healthy females
Authors: Verma Shaily , Khuraiya Prashant , Soni Rajni
Published: March 2018

Background: The hormonal fluctuations that occur during normal menstrual cycle has profound influence on autonomic functions. This influence on autonomic nervous system may affect cardiovagal control. The aim of the study is to find out the variation of Parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle in young healthy females.Methods: The present study was carried out on 50 healthy female subjects with normal menstrual cycles between the ages of 18 to 25 years. Various non-invasive parasympathetic function tests during different phases of menstrual cycle were performed that include Resting heart rate (RHR), Heart rate variation during deep breathing (E:I Ratio), Heart rate response to standing (30:15 Ratio), Heart rate response to Valsalva maneuver (Valsalva Ratio). The results were analysed using ANOVA and student’s paired-t tests.Results: During the menstrual cycle, we found varied heart rate response with higher values towards the luteal phase, when compared to the follicular phase and the menstrual phase. There was a statistically significant difference in the heart rate parameters like resting heart rate, 30:15 ratio, valsalva ratio and E:I ratio during the three phases of menstrual cycle.Conclusions: The study concludes that there was statistically significant heart rate variability during three phases of the menstrual cycle, as observed by the increased sympathetic discharge in the luteal phase compared to the increased parasympathetic discharge in the follicular phase. The results of our study have emphasized the complexity of the relationship between ovarian steroids and various hemodynamic regulatory systems.
Los estudiantes de Ciclo Básico y las estrategias de aprendizaje
Authors: Antelo Mirta , Hill Virginia , Laranjo Dora
Published: March 2018

En las más diversas ocasiones, tales como salas docentes, coordinaciones, reuniones de profesores, encuentros ocasionales, es común escuchar las expresiones: "los alumnos no saben estudiar", "los estudiantes no comprenden lo que leen", "solos no consiguen razonar y resolver los problemas que se les presentan". Todo esto, sumado a nuestra propia vivencia como docentes, nos ha llevado a pensar que en general, se perciben dificultades y frustraciones en el proceso de aprendizaje de los alumnos del Ciclo Básico de Enseñanza Secundaria, agudizándose éstas al cursar el Bachillerato (tanto Bachillerato Diversificado como Bachillerato Tecnológico). Considerando las expresiones antes mencionadas de los docentes, nos proponemos identificar las formas de aprender que ponen en juego los alumnos que están terminando el 3er. año del Ciclo Básico (entre 14 y 16 años), al ser enfrentados a situaciones de la vida cotidiana o de aprendizaje. Entendemos relevante abordar este tema, porque podría aportar a los profesores elementos para replantearse la forma de enseñar, procurando así potenciar y desarrollar en los alumnos mejores formas de aprender. Preocupados por la situación de los estudiantes, con respecto a su aprendizaje, es que nos planteamos la siguiente pregunta: ¿Qué estrategias de aprendizaje han logrado los alumnos que están cursando el 3er. año de Ciclo Básico?
Estrategias de aprendizaje utilizadas por alumnos de primer año de un curso de formación de profesores de Educación Media
Authors: Rivero Inés
Published: March 2018

En este especial momento de la evolución cultural humana es indiscutible que el principal papel que le corresponde a la educación en tanto herramienta que permita la constante reconstrucción y creación de cultura, es el de brindar oportunidades a los alumnos a fin de que éstos desarrollen habilidades para continuar aprendiendo en forma autónoma: es el concepto de "aprender a aprender", presente en numerosa bibliografía de uso cotidiano para los docentes. Esta constituye sin duda una valiosa capacidad abierta, cuya adquisición posibilita a su vez continuar aprendiendo durante toda la vida, en la medida en que cada individuo cree y guíe su propio aprendizaje.
Enterprise file synchronization and sharing services for educational environments in case of disaster
Authors: Delgado-Domínguez Ana Isabel , Fuertes-Díaz Walter Marcelo , Sánchez-Gordón Sandra Patricia
Published: March 2018

Cloud computing is an emerging solution that responds to the concept of Smart University; it aims at offering an intelligent environment of business continuity for the actors of an educational center. This research offers a recovery plan of educational services in case of disaster, through an action research, which analyzed free software for cloud computing, focusing on Enterprise File Synchronization and Sharing (EFSS). To achieve this, the implementation was placed in a local scenario (Linux Apache, MySQL, PHP, LAMP), and stress tests were performed on three applications: Nextcloud, Seafile and Pydio. Nextcloud had more consistent and better results than the other two applications; however, it lacks a system that allows synchronizing two Nextcloud instances. To solve this, we developed a routine aimed at providing an environment that monitors the hot site where the application is hosted and, from time to time, synchronize the instance to avoid data loss during disaster events. Afterwards, we configured a second application on a cold site that is alert to a possible service breakdown, so it can respond and sent immediate alerts. Finally, the usability of the routine was evaluated, and the disaster recovery plan for the EFSS was assembled, to offer a continuity of the educational services that are running in these environments.
Sınıf İçi Kaba Davranışlar Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye Uyarlaması
Authors: BİNGÖL Tuğba , SÖLPÜK TURHAN Nihan , ARSLAN Nihan , ÖZTABAK Muhammet Ü. , ÇETİNTAŞ Şeyda
Published: March 2018

Araştırmanın amacı Farrell, Provenzano, Spadafora, Marini ve Volk (2016) tarafından geliştirilen Sınıf İçi Kaba Davranışlar Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlanmasıdır. Dil geçerliği için İngilizce ve Türkçe ölçekler uygulanmış olup, maddeler arasında korelasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirlemek için Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklem büyüklüğü ve faktör analizi yapılabilmesi uygunluğu için KMO .816 ve Barlett testi χ2 değeri 611,482 (p<.001) olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliği incelendiğinde toplam varyansın % 52,89’sini açıklayan iki boyutlu bir yapı elde edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada AFA analizinde madde-faktör yapısı belirlenmiş olup, sonrasında doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) ile model uyumu testi yapılmıştır. Sınıf İçi Kaba Davranışlar Ölçeği’nin iki boyutlu yapısının doğrulandığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirlik analizi için ölçeğin ve her boyutun iç tutarlılığı Cronbach Alpha değerine bakılmıştır. Toplam iç tutarlılık katsayısı .81, kasıtlı olmayan kabalık alt boyutunun .71 ve kasıtlı kabalık alt boyutunun .80 olduğu bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda ölçeğin Türkçe uyarlamasının güvenilir ve geçerli olduğu söylenebilir.
FARKLI TİPTE ÜRETİLEN HARÇLARIN YARI-DEĞER KALINLIKLARININ TEORİK OLARAK İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ÇALIK Abdullah Engin , ŞİRİN Hüseyin
Published: March 2018

Bu çalışmada, farklı kimyasal bileşene sahip beton örneklerinde gama
ışınlarının soğurulması için deneysel ve teorik yarı-değer kalınlıkları
arasındaki uyumsuzluk kesirsel matematik kullanılarak giderilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Soğurulmayı temsil eden birinci mertebeden diferansiyel denklem
Caputo kesirsel türevi kullanılarak yeniden tanımlanmıştır. Bu denklemin çözümü
Mittag-Leffler fonksiyonu terimleri cinsinden elde edilmiştir. Enerjileri sırasıyla 59,9 keV ve 661 keV olan 241Am
ve 137Cs gama ışını kaynakları kullanarak elde edilen deneysel ve teorik lineer soğurma
katsayıları kullanılarak kesirsel hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Elde edilen
sonuçlar standart matematik ile yapılan hesaplamalar ve deneysel sonuçlarla
karşılaştırılmıştır. Hesaplanan kesirsel türev mertebelerinin gama ışınının
soğurucu malzemeden geçerken şiddetindeki değişime nasıl bir etki yaptığı
belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.
Critical overview of current anthropometric methods in comparison with a new index to make early detection of overweight in Spanish university students: the Normalised Weight-Adjusted Index
Authors: Doménech-Asensi Guillermo , Gómez-Gallego Carlos , Ros-Berruezo Gaspar , García-Alonso Francisco Javier , Canteras-Jordana Manuel
Published: March 2018

Introducción: El sobrepeso y la obesidad han ido en aumento, y los estudiantes universitarios son un objetivo importante para los programas de prevención. En estudios previos se observan diferencias en el diagnóstico entre los distintos métodos antropométricos, por lo que algunos estudiantes pueden ser clasificados erróneamente dependiendo del método utilizado.Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de diferentes métodos antropométricos para detectar a los estudiantes universitarios en un probable estado de sobrepeso, incluyendo una comparación con un nuevo método propuesto: el Índice Normalizado Ajustado al Peso (INAP).Metodología: Se calcularon diferentes métodos antropométricos (circunferencia de cintura, cociente cintura-cadera, relación cintura-altura, índice de masa corporal, índice de conicidad, bioimpedancia y ecuaciones de Brozek, Siri y Heath-Carter) para 505 estudiantes universitarios. Mediante un análisis de conglomerados de K-medias, se identificaron los estudiantes con valores más altos de acuerdo a las variables involucradas en el sobrepeso. La precisión de los distintos métodos antropométricos precisión se calculó mediante las curvas características de operador.Resultados: El INAP mostró correlaciones significativas con los métodos más utilizados. La prevalencia de estudiantes con exceso de grasa corporal varió para las mujeres del 29.4% al 78.1% y para los varones del 12.0% al 54.0% dependiendo del método empleado, demostrando una gran variabilidad entre las diferentes metodologías. El índice de masa corporal para mujeres y la circunferencia de cintura para los hombres resultaron ser los métodos más precisos para detectar una situación probable de exceso de grasa corporal o riesgo cardiovascular asociado. El INAP resultó también una buena alternativa para la clasificación de sobrepeso.Conclusiones: Se confirmaron las diferencias entre los métodos antropométricos para el sobrepeso y la estimación de riesgo cardiovascular. Los puntos de corte clásicos pueden diagnosticar erróneamente sobrepeso o riesgo para la salud en estudiantes universitarios españoles dependiendo del método empleado.
Costes asociados a la desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad y su tratamiento: revisión de la literatura
Authors: Palma Milla Samara , Meneses Gonzalez Diego , Valero Pérez Marlhyn , Calso González Margarita , García Vázquez Natalia , Ruiz Garrido Matias , Martín Vega Alberto , Gómez Candela Carmen
Published: March 2018

Introducción: La desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad tiene una elevada prevalencia, con consecuencias clínicas potencialmente graves para el paciente y de alto impacto económica para el sistema sanitario.Objetivos: Realizar una revisión de la literatura de los costes económicos de la desnutrición asociada a la enfermedad, analizar sus complicaciones y evaluar la utilidad de la nutrición enteral u oral bajo la perspectiva del análisis de costes.Métodos: Se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura hasta junio de 2016 sobre los costes económicos de la desnutrición y el análisis de costes del tratamiento nutricional, priorizando las revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis y ensayos clínicos aleatorizados.Resultados: Se identificaron 31 publicaciones, 15 sobre los costes de la desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad y 16 de análisis de costes del tratamiento. La desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad incrementa los costes sanitarios por una mayor estancia hospitalaria, mayor incidencia de complicaciones infecciosas y no infecciosas, mayor necesidad de tratamientos, incremento de los reingresos, estancias más prolongadas en unidades de cuidados intensivos y/o la necesidad de derivación al alta a centros de continuación de cuidados. Las publicaciones evaluadas sobre el tratamiento mediante suplementos nutricionales orales sugieren que los suplementos nutricionales orales son coste-efectivos y coste-útiles tanto en pacientes ambulatorios como en pacientes hospitalizados. Conclusiones: La desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad produce un incremento de los costes sanitarios que podría minimizarse, entre otras formas, mediante un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de la misma, para lo cual los suplementos nutricionales orales constituyen una herramienta coste-eficaz y coste-útil.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR GEOGRAFI DENGAN SIKAP PEDULI LINGKUNGAN PADA SISWA SMA NEGERI DI KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR
Authors: Fauzi M Ichwan , Muryani Chatarina , Santosa Sigit
Published: March 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between (1) knowledge of the environment with environmental friendly attitude of students at SMA Negeri in Karanganyar Regency. (2) the learning achievement of geography with environmental friendly attitude of students at SMA Negeri in Karanganyar Regency. (3) The environmental knowledge and learning achievement geography with environmental friendly attitude at SMA Negeri in Karanganyar Regency. The study included in descriptive quantitative research. The population of the study was all students of class XI IPS in SMA Negeri at Karanganyar in 2015/2016 academic year. This study took 6 samples of public school with cluster random sampling based on the location of villages, towns and curriculum used. In this research data collection tool used is by using instruments namely test and questionnaire. Data analysis technique is done with normality test, linearity, multicollinearity test, homogeneity test, the first and the second hypothesis testing and the third hypothesis testing. The results showed that (1) there is positive and significant correlation between environmental knowledge with environmental friendly attitude in SMA Negeri at Karanganyar Regency. This can be shown by the correlation between the variable X1 with Y is the result of computation robtained of 0,149 > rtable of 0,137. (2) There is a significant positive correlation between learning achievement of geography with environmental friendly attitude in SMA Negeri at Karanganyar Regency, it is proved the coefficient of correlation between variable X2 with Y is the result of computation robtained of 0,228 and rtables for 0,137. (3) There is a significant correlation between environmental knowledge and learning achievement of environmental geography with environmental friendly attitude of student SMA Negeri in Karanganyar Regency. It can be seen from ANOVA test obtained the value of fobtained of 6,321 with a value significant probability of 0,002 whice the ftables on df1=2, df2=203 and α = 0.05 is 3,040 or in other words, the value of ftable > fobtained (6.321>3.040). The model of relationship between these variables is 𝑌 = 55.520 + 0.241𝑋1 + 0.494𝑋2 + 𝜀 from relationship models can be said to be statistically significant.

Keyword: The environmental science, geography learning achievement and environmental friendly attitude.
Keragaman Buah Jeruk Keprok SoE Mutan Generasi M1V2 Hasil Induksi Mutasi Sinar Gamma
Authors: Arisah Hidayatul , Mariana Baiq Dina
Published: March 2018

Mutasi sinar gamma dapat terjadi secara acak pada level alelik yang menghasilkan keragaman genetik baru. Mutasi pada jeruk menginduksi keragaman karakter secara kuantitatif maupun kualitatif. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengetahui pengaruh mutasi terhadap peningkatan keragaman karakter buah pada mutan tanaman jeruk lokal SoE. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan dan Laboratorium Pemuliaan Tanaman Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika Jawa Timur, tahun 2014. Pengamatan dilakukan secara deskriptif berdasarkan Internasional Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), pada karakter bobot buah, tinggi buah, diameter buah, ketebalan kulit, jumlah biji, jumlah juring, volume jus, warna kulit buah, warna jus, dan rasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh mutasi pada peningkatan keragaman karakter kualitatif relatif rendah; mutan hampir mirip dengan tanaman kontrol untuk karakter kualitatif. Perbedaan pada karakter kuantitatif, ditunjukkan dengan nilai koefisien keragaman 5,06-33,89%, nilai tertinggi pada karakter jumlah biji, sedangkan karakter jumlah juring memiliki nilai terendah. Terdapat tujuh aksesi yang yang menghasilkan buah dengan persentase buah seedless (jumlah biji ≤5) mencapai 90%. Mutasi induksi menyebabkan berkurangnya jumlah biji dan menurunnya ukuran ketebalan kulit buah dibanding dengan kontrol SoE. Berdasarkan analisis klaster, aksesi-aksesi mutan terseleksi mempunyai tingkat keragaman kecil dengan level kemiripan 76,40%.
Isolasi dan Identifikasi Entomopatogen Hirsutella citriformis (Speare) dan Potensi Miselianya sebagai Sumber Inokulum untuk Pengendalian Wereng Cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens Stål.)
Authors: Wawan Wawan , Santoso Teguh , Anwar Ruly , Priyatno Tri Puji
Published: March 2018

Hirsutella citriformis merupakan salah satu jamur entomopatogen potensial untuk wereng batang cokelat (WBC), tetapi belum banyak dimanfaatkan karena konidianya sulit diperbanyak sehingga perlu dicari propagul alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi isolat H. citriformis yang menginfeksi WBC dan menguji efektivitas miselianya sebagai alternatif inokulum konidia dalam pengendalian biologis WBC. Identifikasi Hirsutella dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologis dan molekuler dan berdasarkan sekuen internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Konidia dan miselia pada berbagai konsentrasi diaplikasikan pada nimfa WBC instar 2–3 dengan cara penyemprotan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan karakter morfologis, isolat jamur entomopatogen asal Bogor yang menyerang WBC di lapangan adalah H. citriformis. Salah satu isolat (Bgr 0716) telah diidentifikasi berdasarkan sekuen ITS dan terkonfirmasi sebagai H. citriformis. Aplikasi miselia isolat Bgr 0716 efektif mengendalikan WBC dengan nilai lethal time 50% (LT50) selama 13,3 hari, tidak jauh berbeda dari nilai LT50 konidia yang terjadi dalam waktu 12,8 hari. Nilai lethal concentration 50% (LC50) miselia sekitar 2,303 g/l, sedangkan nilai LC50 untuk aplikasi konidia adalah sebesar 2,5 × 105 konidia/ml. Dengan nilai LT50 dan LC50 yang relatif rendah tersebut, miselia layak untuk di-aplikasikan dalam skala luas karena produksinya lebih mudah dan cepat dibanding dengan produksi konidia. Oleh karena itu, miselia H. citriformis dapat menjadi propagul aktif sebagai alternatif konidia untuk pengembangan biopestisida efektif terhadap WBC.
Pemuliaan Kentang Produk Rekayasa Genetik Tahan terhadap Penyakit Busuk Daun (Phytophthora infestans) dan Aman Pangan di Indonesia
Authors: Ambarwati Alberta Dinar , Santoso Tri Joko , Listanto Edy , Hadiarto Toto , Riyanti Eny Ida , Kusmana Kusmana , Sugiharto Bambang , Ermawati Netty , Sukardiman Sukardiman
Published: March 2018

Pemanfaatan tanaman kentang produk rekayasa genetik (PRG) dalam pemuliaan tanaman melalui persilangan dengan Atlantic dan Granola telah menghasilkan enam galur PRG hasil silangan yang terseleksi. Sebelum komersialisasi, kentang PRG harus dikaji keamanan pangan dan lingkungannya. Penulisan bertujuan memberikan informasi mengenai tanaman kentang PRG di Indonesia yang tahan terhadap penyakit busuk daun Phytophthora infestans dan telah dinyatakan aman untuk di-konsumsi oleh manusia. Analisis stabilitas menunjukkan bahwa gen RB stabil terintegrasi selama empat generasi klonal ber-urutan dalam genom tanaman kentang PRG dengan satu sisipan gen. Hasil studi komposisi dan nutrisi, glikoalkaloid total, dan anti nutrisi pada kentang PRG Katahdin SP951 dan galur-galur silangannya bersifat sepadan dengan Katahdin non-PRG. Studi toksisitas menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan suspensi umbi kentang dan suspensi tepung kentang Katahdin SP951 dan galur-galur silangan tidak berdampak terhadap mortalitas, bobot badan, dan tanda-tanda klinis pada mencit. Protein RB tidak memiliki homologi yang tinggi dengan protein toksin sehingga tidak bersifat toksik. Studi alergenisitas dengan Simulated Gastric Fluid dan Simulated Intestinal Fluid menunjukkan bahwa protein umbi kentang Katahdin SP951 dan galur-galur silangan terdegradasi kurang dari 5 menit inkubasi setelah perlakuan enzim pepsin atau tripsin. Protein RB tidak mempunyai sekuen asam amino yang homolog dengan protein alergen, sehingga tidak berpotensi menimbulkan alergi. Kentang Katahdin SP951 telah dinyatakan aman untuk dikonsumsi melalui Keputusan Kepala Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan tahun 2016. Tanaman kentang PRG tahan P. infestans yang dapat mengurangi 50% aplikasi fungisida, dan telah mendapat sertifikat aman pangan dan aman lingkungan diharapkan dapat menjadi pilihan untuk dimanfaatkan petani.
Potensi Quorum Quencher Bakteri Filosfer dan Rizosfer terhadap Dickeya dadantii
Authors: Satwika Taruna Dwi , Rusmana Iman , Akhdiya Alina
Published: March 2018

Ekspresi gen-gen virulensi pada Dickeya dadantii diatur oleh proses quorum sensing menggunakan asil-homoserin lakton (AHL) sebagai molekul sinyal. Patogenisitas bakteri tersebut dapat dihambat oleh aktivitas quorum quenching (QQ) bakteribakteri penghasil AHL-laktonase. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi dan mengarakterisasi bakteri penghasil AHLlaktonase asal rizosfer dan filosfer yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai quorum quencher untuk D. dadantii. Isolasi bakteri dilakukan dari sampel daun dan sampel tanah rizosfer beberapa komoditas tanaman asal Sukabumi, Tegal, Kupang, dan Wonosobo. Sebanyak 8 dari 79 isolat bakteri yang diperoleh menunjukkan aktivitas QQ terhadap bioindikator Chromobacterium violaceum. Bioasai respons hipersensitif (hypersensitive response) yang dilakukan pada tanaman tembakau
menunjukkan enam (KT2, KT9, KT10, KUT1, TKF2, and WKF3) dari delapan isolat tersebut tidak menimbulkan respons hipersensitif. Keenam isolat tersebut mampu menekan virulensi D. dadantii pada umbi kentang. Sekuen 16S rRNA enam isolat tersebut memiliki kemiripan tertinggi dengan Bacillus cereus, B. aryabhattai, B. acidiceler, dan Micrococcus aloeverae. B. cereus KT9 and B. aryabhattai TKF2 terdeteksi memiliki gen penyandi AHL-laktonase (aiiA). Ini merupakan laporan yang pertama tentang aktivitas QQ pada spesies M. aloeverae, B. aryabhattai, and B. acidiceler. Keberadaan gen aiiA pada B.
aryabhattai juga belum pernah dilaporkan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi baru tentang aktivitas QQ ketiga isolat tersebut dan potensinya sebagai quorum quencher untuk D. dadantii.
PENGARUH MIKORIZA DAN AMELIORAN PADA BAWANG PREI DI LAHAN TERCEMAR ABU VULKANIK
Authors: , Musfal
Published: March 2018

Erupsi Gunung Sinabung di Kabupaten Karo Provinsi Sumatera Utara memberikan dampak kurang baik terhadap kesuburan lahan dan kualitas hasil pertanian. Pencemaran abu vulkanik menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan pH tanah, peningkatan kadar Fe dan S, serta pemadatan tanah. Kegiatan penelitian pemberian bahan amelioran pupuk kandang dan kapur dolomit serta mikoriza pada bawang prei telah dilaksanakan di lahan tercemar abu vulkanik, di Desa Sirumbia, Kecamatan Simpang Empat, Kabupaten Karo sejak Mei hingga Oktober 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada lahan yang tercemar abu vulkanik, pemberian bahan amelioran seperti pupuk kandang dan kapur dolomit atau mikoriza perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas lahan. Tanpa pemberian bahan-bahan tersebut pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman ternyata lebih rendah. Hasil bawang prei segar tertinggi yaitu sebesar 20,83 t/ha diperoleh dari pemberian 100% pupuk Urea, SP-36 dan KCl dengan dosis masing-masing sebanyak 400, 200 dan 150 kg/ha, yang diikuti dengan penambahan pupuk kandang 5 t/ha, dolomit 500 kg/ha dan mikoriza sebanyak 10 g/tanaman. Pemberian pupuk dan mikoriza berperan dalam meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman yang dibudidayakan pada lahan tersebut dan pada gilirannya akan meningkatkan pendapatan petani.

ABSTRACT

The Effect of Mycorrhiza and Ameliorants on Leek Crops in the Volcanic Ash Contaminated Lands. Eruption of the Sinabung volcano in Karo district, North Sumatera province produced the unfavorable impact to the fertility of land and quality of agricultural products. The volcanic ash pollution caused soil pH reduction, the increasing level of Fe and S, and the soil compaction. A study on the application of ameliorant materials of manure, dolomite lime and mycorrhiza to leek crops was conducted in the contaminated land by volcanic ash, which was in Sirumbia village, Simpang Empat sub district, Karo district from May to October 2015. The results showed that in the contaminated land by volcanic ash, the application of ameliorant materials such as manure, dolomite lime or mycorrhiza were necessary without the application of these materials, the crop growth and yield were significantly lower than with application. The highest yield of leek was 20.83 t/ha produced by the application of 100% fertilizers i.e Urea, SP-36 and KCl up to 400, 200 and 150 kg/ha respectively and it was followed with the addition of 5 t/ha manure, 500 kg/ha dolomite lime and 10/single plant.  The application of mycorrhiza and fertilizers could increase crops productivity cultivated in the erupted land, thus it also can increase farmers’ income.  
Using Texture Analysis Image Processing Technique to Study the Effect of Microwave Plasma on the Living Tissue
Authors: Ali Alyaa H. , Al-Ahmed Hazim , Mazhir Sabah N , Noori Aiyah S
Published: March 2018

The present study is a hybrid method of studying the effect of plasma on the living tissue by using the image processing technique. This research explains the effect of microwave plasma on the DNA cell using the comet score application, texture analysis image processing and the effect of microwave plasma on the liver using texture analysis image processing. The study was applied on the mice cells. The exposure to the plasma is done by dividing the mice for four groups, each group includes four mice (control group, 20, 50, 90 second exposure to microwave plasma). The exposure to microwave plasma was done with voltage 175v and gas flow on 2 with room temperature; the statistical features are obtained from the comet score images and the textural features are calculated from the texture matrix energy measure. The result shows that the plasma has a clear effect on the DNA by reaper the damage cell and affecting the liver enzyme. The microwave plasma affected the ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) enzyme Alanine amino Transferase (ALT), Aspartate amino Transferase (AST) by decreasing their value with time exposure. This has been analyzed and studier by the textural analysis.
Solving Fuzzy Games Problems by Using Ranking Functions
Authors: Hussein Iden Hasan , Abood Zainab saad
Published: March 2018

In this paper, we deal with games of fuzzy payoffs problem while there is uncertainty in data. We use the trapezoidal membership function to transform the data into fuzzy numbers and utilize the three different ranking function algorithms. Then we compare between these three ranking algorithms by using trapezoidal fuzzy numbers for the decision maker to get the best gains
An Approximate Solution of some Variational Problems Using Boubaker Polynomials
Authors: Ouda Eman Hassan
Published: March 2018

In this paper, an approximate solution of nonlinear two points boundary variational problem is presented. Boubaker polynomials have been utilized to reduce these problems into quadratic programming problem. The convergence of this polynomial has been verified; also different numerical examples were given to show the applicability and validity of this method.
CVOTING: An Anonymous Ballot E-Voting System
Authors: Al-Shammari Ali Fawzi Najm
Published: March 2018

One of the concerns of adopting an e-voting systems in the pooling place of any critical elections is the possibility of compromising the voting machine by a malicious piece of code, which could change the votes cast systematically. To address this issue, different techniques have been proposed such as the use of vote verification techniques and the anonymous ballot techniques, e.g., Code Voting. Verifiability may help to detect such attack, while the Code Voting assists to reduce the possibility of attack occurrence. In this paper, a new code voting technique is proposed, implemented and tested, with the aid of an open source voting. The anonymous ballot improved accordingly the paper audit trail used in this machine. The developed system, which we called CVOTING, further demonstrated the efficacy of the Code Voting technique against systematic vote change attacks and provides some features to make it easily configurable for different elections and elections in countries with right-to-left and up-to-down languages.
The Density of Oil/Gas Mixtures: Insights From Molecular Simulations
Authors: Mehana Mohamed , Fahes Mashhad , Huang Liangliang
Published: March 2018

Gravity segregation of reservoir fluids is mainly controlled by density. Although most gases used in the field for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) result in a reduction in density upon mixing with the oil, carbon dioxide (CO2) can result in an increase of the density upon mixing. Experimental observations confirmed this behavior. In addition, field operations report an early breakthrough for CO2 flooding, which is related to the associated gravity segregation caused by the abnormal density behavior. However, the molecular interactions at play that have an impact on the observed macroscopic behavior have not been well-understood or deeply investigated. Molecular simulation of methane, propane, and CO2 mixtures with octane, benzene, pentane, and hexadecane is studied up to the miscibility limit at temperatures up to 260°F (400 K), and pressures up to 6,000 psi (400 bar). There is a proximity between the values of density obtained through molecular simulations and those obtained through experimental work and equation-of-state (EOS) methods. It is evident that oil/CO2 mixtures sustain their density to a higher gas mole percentage compared with other gases, with the density in some cases exceeding the pure liquid-hydrocarbon density even when gas density at those conditions is lower. Our results have demonstrated that the proposed mechanisms in literature—namely, intermolecular Coulombic and induced dipole interactions and the stretching of the alkane molecules—might not be the key to understanding the oil/CO2 density behavior. However, the molecular size of the gas seems to play an important role in the density profile observed.
Una Representación Lingüística para Eventos en el Ciclo de Vida del Software
Authors: Noreña-Cardona Paola Andrea , González Robinson David , Mesa-Gómez Andrés Felipe
Published: March 2018

Un evento es un suceso que ocurre en el transcurso de los procesos de negocio y que afecta los flujos de estos procesos, generando una causa o un impacto. En el proceso del ciclo de vida del software estos elementos carecen de una comprensión lógica para los analistas y desarrolladores, y no se logran traducir correctamente en un proyecto de software. Mediante la definición de reglas lingüísticas se pretende una adecuada representación de los eventos en el ciclo de vida del software. Adicionalmente a partir de las reglas se propone un prototipo que contribuya a la identificación de eventos.
Análisis del Comportamiento del Robot Humanoide BIOLOID en Situación Específica
Authors: Soto-Montoya Jonathan Alexander , Gómez-Naranjo Julio César , Guzmán-Luna Jaime Alberto
Published: March 2018

Inicialmente, este trabajo aborda un problema que consiste en buscar un método de solución a una situación simulada de desbordamiento de un río, y su respectiva solución de manera autónoma por parte de un robot humanoide (en este caso un robot Bioloid); pues los de este tipo se desempeñan mejor que los robots Rover en terrenos ásperos. Posteriormente se analizan los métodos realizados por el robot para la consecución de su objetivo y cómo es su desempeño en diferentes índoles importantes en este tipo de situaciones; por ejemplo, aspectos como su velocidad, el tiempo de ejecución de la situación y su grado de error.
Desarrollo de un Modelo de Reconocimiento y Clasificación de Rostro Utilizando Técnicas de Inteligencia Artificial (Lambda-Fuzzy)
Authors: Gualdrón-Guerrero Óscar Eduardo , Torres-Chávez Ivaldo , Díaz-Rodríguez Jorge Luis
Published: March 2018

En este artículo se presenta una estrategia para el reconocimiento de imágenes estáticas, específicamente de reconocimiento facial a través de una técnica novedosa y reciente de clasificación que se llama método Lamda (Learning Algorithm for Multivariable Data Analysis). La estrategia consta de tres etapas que conforman el modelo de reconocimiento y clasificación presentado en este trabajo, la primera, denominada pre-procesamiento, es la encargada de adecuar las imágenes con procesos de filtrado y comprensión. La segunda etapa es la correspondiente a la extracción de características para obtener los atributos de las imágenes y diferenciarlas de manera correcta. Finalmente, la etapa de clasificación, que es la que relaciona las clases con las imágenes analizadas con la técnica Lambda.
UN ENFOQUE PARA LA CREACIÓN DE TAREAS ROBÓTICAS AUTOSANABLES BASADO EN EL PARADIGMA DE COMPUTACIÓN EN LA NUBE
Authors: Portilla-Rosero Byron , Guzmán-Luna Jaime Alberto
Published: March 2018

Cada día se implementan nuevas tecnologías para dar solución a los requerimientos de los usuarios. Tal es el caso de la computación en la nube, que se basaba en el principio de ofrecer servicios a los clientes a través de la Internet y pueden ser accedidos desde cualquier lugar o sistema. Esta tecnología se ha puesto en marcha en varias áreas del conocimiento para dar soluciones a diversos problemas de carácter tecnológico o estructural. En este artículo se presenta una visión preliminar del estado en el que se encuentra la computación en la nube asociada con la robótica y cómo puede ser utilizada como medio de análisis para la creación de tareas robóticas.
La Ingeniería en Colombia
Authors: Poveda-Ramos Gabriel
Published: March 2018

Se reproduce este texto como la única fuente confiable de consulta hallada, acerca de la historia de la ingeniería en Colombia. Originalmente fue publicado en “Historia Social de las Ciencias en Colombia", como resultado de una investigación de más de 10 años
Humor en Ingeniería
Authors: Serna-Montoya Edgar
Published: March 2018

Historias jocosas en ingeniería