bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quality and treatment of waste water from concrete plants: a case study
Authors: de Paula Heber Martins , Ilha Marina Sangoi de Oliveira , Andrade Leonardo Santos
Published: October 2017

The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of waste water from a concrete plant that was treated with chemical coagulants combined with Moringa oleifera. In the treatment system employed at the plant, waste-water samples were collected at three different points at the beginning and end of each production week throughout the 1 month production life cycle. The monitored parameters included turbidity, pH, alkalinity and hardness. Samples were collected from an intermediate chamber of the treatment system and treated with coagulants in the laboratory. The results indicated that the quality of the waste water exceeded the established limits for the supply of non-potable water, especially for turbidity. The introduction of the coagulation process significantly improved the quality of the waste water or recycled water (significance of 5%) and 99·94% of the turbidity was removed, which enabled the reuse of water for washing vehicles, producing concrete and flushing toilets.
Relational anatomy: Dissecting and memorialising the dead in medical education
Authors: Hallam Elizabeth
Published: October 2017

Relational dimensions of contemporary anatomy, as a body of knowledge and a field of material practices, are examined in this article, focusing on the treatment and uses of bodies after death in anatomical education. Attending to the intersection of the s
An Analysis of Trends and Patterns of Income Tax in India
Authors: Singh Amit Kumar , Shrivastav Rohit Kumar , Gupta Lovleen
Published: October 2017

Taxes always occupy an important and strategic place in the development of an economy specially the developing or emerging economies. The present paper analyses patterns and trends in income tax of India. The data shows that the overall tax burden in the financial year 2004-05 was 28.67% which means that only 71.33% was available to people for consumption. However, the total tax burden in the financial year 2015-16 dropped to 18.67% and the income available for consumption was 81.33%. The trend analysis of growth rate in the first slab shows increasing trend from financial year 2004-05 to financial year 2010-11 i.e., to the level of 3300%. Thereafter, it went on decreasing from 3300% to 3100% to the lower level of 2900% in the financial year 2015-16. The second tax slab for 20% is showing an upward trend. The third tax slab for 30% has seen a declining growth rate from the level of 7.4% to 62.96%. Therefore we can interpret that the government intends to reduce the tax liability of tax payer and thus improve the standard of living of tax payers by allowing them more disposable income.
GST and the Paradigm Shift: A Peripheral View
Authors: Mohanty Priyakrushna , Chandran Anu
Published: October 2017

The Goods and Services Tax (GST) has been touted as the single biggest tax reform in the Republic of India. The GST Act proposes to replace all the indirect taxes with a single GST. The profound positive impact of the Act has been reflected in many works in literature. However, the Act has also been criticised for its complex and retrospective nature. The current academic papers on GST are mainly focused on the brighter side of it and very few of them have provided an all-encompassing picture of the Act. In this backdrop, the present article attempts to highlight the benefits and concerns related to this Act by taking cues mainly from the write-ups published in the newspapers as well as academic works.
Pseudoternary phase diagram construction v1
Authors: Okonogi Siriporn
Published: October 2017

The development of self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) was obtained from pseudoternary phase diagram construction. This protocol demonstrates how to construct pseudoternary phase diagram. Tween 20, Tween 80, or Triton X-100 was used as a surfactant and absolute ethanol, propylene glycol, or isopropanol was used as a cosurfactant.
Ways of Masculinity in Online Dating Profiles: the Cases of Meetic.es and AdoptaUnTio.es
Authors: Espinar-Ruiz Eva , Ocampo Ismael
Published: October 2017

The analysis of masculinity has been a topic of growing interest in recent decades. Its study has incorporated a wide and diverse range of research areas and themes, including the representation of gender relations and identities on the Internet. Specifically, this article concerns the research area related to online dating websites and aims to compare the principal current tendencies related to identity -as provided by research on masculinity- with the way that men present themselves on two Spanish dating websites: Meetic.es and AdoptaUnTio.es. These types of virtual spaces have specific characteristics that facilitate the analysis of the masculine ideal among their users; or at least the characteristics that these men consider attractive to women. This research was carried out through a qualitative analysis supported by Atlas-ti. The principal results highlight the presence of traces of the so called egalitarian masculinity within predominant forms of traditional masculinity, characterized by a minimal process of reflection and introspection on the part of users of these websites.
WHODAS and the evaluation of disability among people with mental disorders with and without psychotic symptoms
Authors: Hernández-Orduña Omar ,   Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México., Robles-García Rebeca , Martínez-López Nicolás , Muñoz-Toledo Carolina , González-Salas Alejandra , Cabello María , Domínguez-Martínez Tecelli , Medina-Mora María Elena ,   Departamento de Modelos de Intervención, Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México.,   Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica, Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México.,   Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México.,   Unidad CIBER de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.,   CONACYT - Departamento de Modelos de Intervención. Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México.
Published: October 2017

Introduction. Valid and feasible measures to properly assess the most impaired areas of functioning in various groups of patients with mental disorders would allow the development and evaluation of interventions designed to modify the specific environmental barriers that contribute to patients´ disability. Objective. This article seeks to evaluate the internal consistency and construct and convergent validity of the Spanish version of the World Health Organization’s Disability Assessment Schedule WHODAS 2.0, as well as its relationship with sociodemographic variables and symptomatic severity in Mexican patients with and without psychotic symptoms. Method. The WHODAS 2.0 and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale SOFAS were administered to 153 patients with any of the following diagnoses: affective disorders, anxiety disorders, stress-related disorders, and psychotic disorders. Results. The WHODAS 2.0 showed high internal consistency in patients with psychotic symptoms (Cronbach’s alpha = .92) and without psychotic symptoms (Cronbach’s alpha = .89). Nevertheless, only in patients without psychotic symptoms, was a significant negative correlation between WHODAS (disability) and SOFAS (functioning) total scores observed, together with significant differences in WHODAS scores between those with mild and severe symptomatology. Discussion and conclusion. The WHODAS 2.0 is an adequate measure of disability in patients without psychotic symptoms. It could be used as a complementary measure of disability in those with psychotic symptoms. Further studies are required to determine other psychometric properties of the WHODAS 2.0, particularly those related to temporal stability and sensitivity to change.
Regulation and self-regulation of ethical practices in scientific publication
Authors: Mondragón Barrios Liliana ,   Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Ciudad de México, México., Jiménez Tapia José Alberto , Meza Mercado Denize Maday , Sosa Mora Liz
Published: October 2017

Introduction. The process of publication is influenced by a pressure on researchers to demonstrate their competence and productivity by publishing large numbers of articles in indexed journals. But there is a great deal of ignorance regarding the ethical obligations in scientific publication; worse, ethical considerations are often seen as mere formalities in the process of publishing an article. Objective. This article discusses the ethical practices related to the publication of a scientific article. It encompasses those defined by forms of external regulation and those that might be identified as forms of self-regulation, and it argues for the greater effectiveness of the latter in scientific publication. Method. We performed a literature review and a critical analysis of the information. Results. There are negative factors that range from plagiarism and the duplication of articles to the fabrication and falsification of data. Researchers look for convenient solutions, taking refuge in practices condoned, paradoxically, by the very scientific community that condemns them. Rather than avoiding these forms of misconduct, the scientific community even justifies them at times, which means that the practices continue. Discussion and conclusion. Self-regulation in scientific publication is a preferable goal: it allows participants in the process to assume their obligations freely and with a greater sense of responsibility.
BPD President's Address to the 2010 Annual Conference: There's Nothing Just About a BSW Program!
Authors: Daley Michael R.
Published: October 2017

The presidents' address was presented to the Association of Baccalaureate Social Work Program Directors at the 27th annual conference in 2010. This discourse focuses on the importance of BSW-level education in social work and how undergraduate education should be valued within the profession. BSW educators can take pride in what they do and represent BSW education as an equal partner in social work to their social work colleagues.
Оценка осуществимости проектов государственно-частного партнерства: анализ российской и международной практики
Authors: Крыканов Дмитрий Дмитриевич
Published: October 2017

В статье рассматривается составляющая оценки эффективности проектов государственно-частного партнерства – оценка осуществимости проекта. Данный элемент оценки эффективности рассматривается в формате бенчамаркинга практик зарубежных стран с развитым институтом государственно-частного партнерства. Оценка осуществимости приведена в наиболее масштабном формате ее применения с учетом всех факторов, которые принимаются в учет публичным партнером в процессе рассмотрения проектного предложения. Каждый элемент оценки рассмотрен с перспективы практики ее применения за рубежом и даны пошаговые рекомендации по ее проведению. Особое внимание уделяется оценкам экологической и социальной осуществимости по причине высоких рисков, связанных с этими факторами. В то же время эти факторы – наименее поддающиеся количественному анализу и исследуемые в российской практике государственно-частного партнерства.
Корпоративная социальная ответственность: развитие в России в новых экономических условиях
Authors: Островская Елена Александровна
Published: October 2017

В статье рассматривается развитие корпоративной социальной ответственности на Западе и в России на примере компаний крупного, среднего и малого бизнеса. Отмечается, что в России существует ряд определенных барьеров и препятствий, которые не дают КСО успешно развиваться и достигать показателей западных компаний. Безусловно, только крупные компании имеют сегодня возможности успешно внедрять принципы и стандарты КСО. Однако для успешного развития на международной арене и выхода на новые рынки необходимо, чтобы российские компании более серьезно относились к КСО. Для этого нужно не только желание компаний, но и поддержка со стороны государства и сотрудничество между компаниями.
Государственное предпринимательство: инновационная политика и механизмы государственно-частного партнерства
Authors: Атамбаев Кадырбек Алмазбекович
Published: October 2017

Цель данной статьи - опровергнуть расхожее мнение о том, что государство не должно вмешиваться в инновационный процесс, которому следует развиваться спонтанно, по воле рынка. Исторический анализ промышленной политики «азиатских тигров» и хай-тек (инновационной) политики США показывает, что практически все ключевые отрасли и элементы национальной инновационной экосистемы этих государств – результат государственного вмешательства. Иными словами, правительства открывают и «создают» рынки, а не просто их регулируют. Правительство-предприниматель (Entrepreneurial State) является главным двигателем инноваций.
Гармонизация практики корпоративной социальной ответственности для достижения целей устойчивого развития
Authors: Дунаев Олег Игоревич , Нагорнов Виталий Александрович
Published: October 2017

В данной статье представлены основные критерии необходимости гармонизации систем корпоративной социальной ответственности (КСО) для адаптации с Целями устойчивого развития (ЦУР). Изучение влияния КСО во внешней среде организации на социально-экономические результаты в целях развития позволяет сделать новый взгляд на роль частного сектора для достижения ЦУР. Исходя из анализа практик, имеющихся в мировой практике, представлены рекомендации по внедрению ЦУР в программы КСО и дальнейшие шаги менеджмента в рамках международного развития.
Ассортиментная политика на сервисных предприятиях
Authors: Захарченко Екатерина Владимировна
Published: October 2017

Современное предприятие нуждается в постоянной оптимизации процесса обновления предлагаемых товаров и услуг. Для повышения конкурентоспособности и коммерческой эффективности предприятия применяют ассортиментную политику. В статье раскрываются основные понятия ассортиментной политики и учитываемые при анализе показатели. Изучается роль ее на сервисных предприятиях. Рассматривается основная цель ассортиментной политики, задачи, которые она решает и функции. Данная статья представляет собой краткие систематизированные характеристики и выводы, сделанные на основе различных источников. Данная работа будет полезна руководителям предприятий сферы сервиса, а также менеджерам по продажам.
Análise visual de pimentão verde armazenado sob temperatura controlada
Authors: Nascimento Ana Marinho do , Costa Franciscleudo Bezerra da , Silva Jéssica Leite da , Santiago Mahyara de Melo , Sátiro Larissa de Sousa
Published: October 2017

O pimentão (Capsicum annuum. L.), é uma hortaliça extremamente perecível, que deteriora facilmente gerando elevados índices de perdas após sua colheita.  A aceitação dos produtos hortícolas no mercado depende da análise visual, sendo a primeira ocorrência no momento da compra. Para identificar frutos e hortaliças de qualidade é necessário observar alguns atributos sensoriais, que são indispensáveis na confirmação da qualidade. Objetivou-se avaliar parâmetros como aparência, odor, cor e perda de massa de pimentão verde por um período de 15 dias, identificando o tempo aproximado de estabilidade dessa hortaliça na temperatura controlada. Foram utilizados cerca de 5 kg de pimentões verdes provenientes no Centro Econômico de Abastecimento Sociedade Anônima, localizada na cidade de Patos, Paraíba. Os pimentões foram selecionados e lavados em água corrente. Os mesmos foram pesados e colocados em bandeja de poliestireno sem revestimento, emparelhados sob uma bancada e mantidas na temperatura controlada (24±1 °C). Os pimentões mudaram a sua coloração no decorrer da análise, passando de verde brilhante para metade verde e metade marrom. Os pimentões verdes sofreram modificações visuais no decorrer do armazenamento, a estabilidade dessa hortaliça na temperatura controlada foi de aproximadamente 6 dias.
Comparative Analysis of Competition Power in High Technology and Low Technology Intensive Manufactures
Authors: Yildirim Metin , Nakipoğlu Özsoy Ferda , Özpolat Prof. Aslı , Çayirağasi Dr. Filiz
Published: October 2017

An increase in competition power provides more profitability by affecting the amount of production and export. By the increase in technology, innovation and R&D investments in recent ages in the world, high technology industries became even more important for competitive power. In this study, two analyses covering the data from 1995 to 2015 have been considered. In the first analysis, the competitiveness of the high-tech and low-tech sectors has been compared by using RCA index for selected countries. In the second analysis, the relationship between competition power and growth, total factor productivity and R&D expenditures have been analyzed by using GMM.
Knowledge Sharing as the Basis of Learning in Innovation Pattern in Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Rahman Hafiz
Published: October 2017

The study discusses process and implementation of knowledge sharing as the basis of learning in the innovation process that is undertaken in small and medium scale enterprises/SMEs with the contextual overview on the West Sumatran SMEs in Indonesia. As the context of the study, a specific SME in West Sumatra was taken as the case study. The study is an empirical-exploratory research where the qualitative method in terms of descriptive analysis was used as the main research approach. It also uses content analysis from the result of an in-depth interview as its main data analysis. A case study approach is used to collect data and information from the informants of the study. It can be inferred from the study that knowledge sharing has allowed an equal dissemination of information between people in the organisation of SME. Employees and owners spread information, knowledge as well as experience equally one to each other and this has led to the creation of a conducive environment in which learning processes can be smoothly undertaken. Such learning processes directly ease the innovation processes that is schemed and undertaken by the SME.
Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas proses dan implementasi knowledge sharing sebagai sebuah dasar bagi pembelajaran dalam proses inovasi yang dterjadi pada usaha kecil dan menengah/UKM dengan konteks pada UKM di Provinsi Sumatera Barat, Indonesia. Sebagai bagian dari konteks, maka dilakukan pemilihan UKM spesifik yang dijadikan sebagai studi kasus. Studi ini merupakan penelitian empiris-exploratory yang menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam bentuk analisa deskriptif. Studi ini juga menggunakan analisa konten sebagai hasil dari in-depth interview untuk menganalisis data yang telah berhasil dikumpulkan. Pendekatan studi kasus digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi dari informan penelitian. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa knowledge sharing akan memberikan dampak berupa adanya pembagian informasi yang merata antara sesama individu didalam UKM. Para karyawan dan pemilik UKM saling menyebarkan informasi, pengetahuan serta pengalaman secara merata pada sesamanya. Situasi ini lebih lanjut menciptakan lingkungan yang kondusif dimana proses pembelajaran dapat terlaksana dengan baik.  Proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan tersebut secara langsung mempermudah proses inovasi yang direncanakan dan dilakukan oleh UKM.     
Modelagem e simulação do processo de envase de água mineral: uma aplicação com o Software Ururau
Authors: Barreto William De Souza , Tavares Eder Reis , Rangel João José de Assis , Peixoto Túlio Almeida , Matias Ítalo De Oliveira
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho apresenta um modelo de simulação computacional para a análise da linha de produção de garrafões de água mineral. O modelo envolve o processo desde a higienização dos garrafões até a inspeção de saída. Nesse modelo, foi possível verificar diversos parâmetros que podem auxiliar um empresário desse setor a como dimensionar a linha de produção de acordo com o volume de produção e o mercado pretendidos. Para isso, este trabalho utiliza um software de simulação a eventos discretos, livre e de código fonte aberto chamado Ururau. Os resultados dos experimentos simulados demonstraram que a disponibilização de mais garrafões na entrada da linha impacta de forma positiva a produção, enquanto o acréscimo de operários e máquinas não demonstrou a mesma equivalência.
Considering Core Competencies: Social and Emotional Learning in British Columbia's Redesigned Curriculum
Authors: Storey Meaghan
Published: October 2017

The development of the redesigned BC curriculum marks a shift to a more integrated holistic approach to learning that includes focused attention on social and emotional learning (SEL). This article examines the development of the redesigned BC curriculum through the lens of SEL identifying challenges encountered and strengths upon which to build. Available materials, reports, and informing documents used in the planning, consultation, and development process are examined to establish an overview of the rationale, objectives, theoretical foundations, and intentions of the redesigned curriculum with respect to SEL. Investigation revealed considerable early emphasis on SEL, particularly through the Core Competencies envisioned as a reorientation towards skills-based, 21st century learning. However, a recent return to content-focused language in both planning and assessment are noted. Implications and directions for future research are suggested.
Reframing the Debate on Asian Students and Critical Thinking: Implications for Western Universities
Authors: Rear David
Published: October 2017

This paper examines the contention that, as a result of their cultural and educational backgrounds, students from east Asia lack the critical thinking skills required when they study abroad at Western universities. It begins by highlighting the broad nature of the term ‘critical thinking’, which includes a wide range of both cognitive skills and psychological dispositions. From a comprehensive review of the literature, it finds that many, though not all, of these skills and dispositions can be found in equal or greater measure in Asian culture and education, particularly when the factor of language proficiency is taken into account. It advocates, therefore, a reframing of the debate on the issue, moving away from general, and potentially misleading, statements about criticality towards a more specific analysis of what assistance international students require when they enter Western universities.
Um verniz de civilização: a sociedade recifense vista por Vauthier
Authors: Pontual Virgínia Pitta , Pereira Juliana Melo , Melo Filho Dirceu Cadena de
Published: October 2017

O artigo trata da visão do engenheiro francês Louis-Léger Vauthier sobre a sociedade recifense do século XIX. Para tal, foram utilizados os relatos que o mesmo deixou registrados em dois momentos diferentes: seu Diário íntimo, escrito durante sua estadia no Recife (1940-46), e as Cartas sobre as casas de residências no Brasil, escritas na França. A visão de mundo do engenheiro é guiada por suas concepções fourieristas e suas impressões sobre a sociedade recifense são incrustadas de espanto, sobre o que, no olhar dele, era uma “barbárie com verniz de civilização”. A partir dessa impressões o que se buscou foi verificar se seus relatos eram compatíveis com outras visões de sua época.
Vias pedonais: espaços de sociabilidade no centro de Florianópolis
Authors: Moreira Adilson de Souza , Teixeira Luiz Eduardo Fontoura
Published: October 2017

O presente artigo procura identificar a cidade e suas ruas como o local de vivência humana, sociabilidades, a partir da observação dos usos públicos do Largo da Alfândega e as Vias Pedonais contíguas, focando sua condição de centralidade em Florianópolis. A relevância do objeto de estudo está fundamentada na sua condição de via pedestrianizada, nas transformações e na importância enquanto marco referencial das atividades exercidas no local ao longo do tempo. Ao caracterizar os usos do objeto de estudo no percurso histórico, este trabalho busca identificar, no momento presente, as transformações e as permanências no uso do espaço, enquanto local de convívio, troca, trabalho e lazer, a cidade como indutora de sociabilidades.
Perspectivas atuais da gestão local face à emergência do empreendedorismo urbano
Authors: Bonomo Soliane
Published: October 2017

Este artigo refere-se às possibilidades de adoção de recentes posturas dos governos locais em relação ao desenvolvimento econômico em virtude da ascensão do empreendedorismo urbano. Aborda a transição pela qual esse modelo passou, a valorização da esfera local, bem como o seu discurso focado na fusão entre o interesse público e o interesse privado. Permeiam o trabalho observações acerca das parcerias público-privadas, bem como o potencial e limitações destas enquanto instrumentos de gestão e desenvolvimento urbano. Por fim, enfoca uma discussão inerente às Operações Urbanas Consorciadas, consideradas uma das ferramentas que requerem uma relação mais íntima entre o poder público e a iniciativa privada para serem implementadas.
HJ Cole + associados – planejamento e empreendimentos (1970-1980)
Authors: Lucchese Maria Cecilia
Published: October 2017

O artigo comenta a trajetória profissional de Harry James Cole a partir de seu escritório de projetos, o H.J. Cole + Associados, onde desenvolveu nos anos 1970 uma série de trabalhos urbanísticos. Mostra as principais características de alguns desses trabalhos através da análise de dois projetos desenvolvidos no início dos anos 70, o polo-agroindustrial de Porto Real e o Programa Cura.
Duas cidades de Joaquim Guedes: temas urbanos nos projetos de Brasília – 1957 e Caraíba – 1976.
Authors: Quintanilha Rogério , Camargo Mônica Junqueira de
Published: October 2017

Este artigo elabora uma comparação entre alguns temas urbanos tratados pelo arquiteto Joaquim Guedes em dois momentos distintos de sua carreira: a proposta apresentada ao concurso do plano piloto de Brasília, elaborada em 1957, e o projeto da cidade de Caraíba – BA, de 1976, núcleo destinado a abrigar os trabalhadores de uma mina de cobre. A partir de temas chave como natureza, duração da cidade, estrutura urbana e estratificação social, e baseado na própria fala do arquiteto ao apresentar seus projetos em duas teses acadêmicas, de doutorado e livre-docência, este paralelo observa como algumas posturas importantes aparecem em dois trabalhos tão distantes entre si no tempo e em suas condicionantes fundamentais.
Luz elétrica em Campina Grande: melhoramento urbano na teia dos jornalistas e cronistas
Authors: Brandão Cataline Alves
Published: October 2017

A recepção da luz elétrica na cidade de Campina Grande nas décadas de 1920 e 1940 causou na sociedade impressões das mais diversas. Nesse sentido, desde a sua inauguração, a luz elétrica em Campina Grande se mostrou precária e oscilante, trazendo a insatisfação daqueles que desejavam o “progresso” e “civilização” da cidade. A partir de uma análise atenta das fontes, sobretudo, os jornais que circulavam na cidade no período em estudo, foi possível perceber os limites deste equipamento de conforto na cidade, variadas foram às vezes em que cronistas, jornalistas e políticos trataram do que se chamou à época “o caso da luz”, como um símbolo de atraso no que diz respeito à trajetória da cidade nos padrões da modernidade.
Notas sobre o planejamento no período João Goulart
Authors: Fridman Fania
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho apresenta um conjunto de observações acerca do planejamento durante o curto termo da presidência de João Goulart. Sigo aqui o pressuposto de que as medidas de caráter desenvolvimentista do Tempo Jango vinculam-se ao contexto de radicalização das forças políticas e dos movimentos sociais no país, da situação internacional (a Guerra Fria, a política de ajuda dos Estados Unidos aos países latino-americanos e a revolução cubana) como também do fortalecimento das concepções de planejamento, de democracia e de justiça social das esquerdas brasileiras.
Do primer congreso panamericano de la vivienda popular (1939) ao seminário de habitação e reforma urbana(1963): planejamento e habitação na perspectiva da metrópole latino-americana:
Authors: Feldman Sarah
Published: October 2017

A partir do final da  década de 1930 a associação entre habitação e planejamento com base nas especificidades da urbanização dos grandes centros latino-american começa a ser formulada . Esta nova formulação tem como fator determinante a inserção do Brasil no circuito  da cooperação interamericana  promovida por organismos internacionais. Ao longo de duas décadas, entre  o Primer Congreso Panamericano de la Vivienda Popular, em Buenos Aires, em 1939, e  o Seminário de Técnicos y Funcionários en Planeamiento Urbano organizado  pelo Centro Interamericano de Vivienda y Planeamiento em Bogotá, em 1958, com a participação de urbanistas brasileiros, emerge uma visão de planejamento que incorpora a habitação como um direito, a política como intrínseca ao processo de planejamento,  o controle da especulação da terra urbana  e o planejamento na escala metropolitana. Estes princípios profundamente enraizados nos problemas enfrentados pelo acelerado crescimento dos grandes centros da América Latina, expressos  na Carta de los Andes  resultante  do Seminário em Bogotá, estarão nas décadas seguintes no centro do ideário urbanístico no Brasil. Sua primeira  formalização ocorre no Seminário de Habitação e Reforma Urbana realizado no Rio de Janeiro e em São Paulo, em 1963, no âmbito de movimentos sociais que reivindicavam as “reformas de base” no governo de Jango Goulart (1961-1964), dentre as  quais se incluía a reforma urbana.
En busca de una teoría urbanística peruana: la “tradición planificadora” del Perú y la contribución de Fernando Belaunde Terry al debate de la vivienda social, 1936-1968
Authors: Huapaya Espinoza José Carlos
Published: October 2017

Apesar de o Peru ter sido campo de diversas experiências urbanísticas modernas entre as décadas de 1940 e 1960, verificamos, no entanto, que existe uma grande lacuna sobre a história da arquitetura e do urbanismo modernos peruanos nas principais bibliografias especializadas. Nesse período, o arquiteto peruano Fernando Belaunde Terry foi um dos poucos profissionais que se envolveram e se dedicaram à produção teórica, projetual e editorial. Além disso, ele foi o principal gestor e promotor da implantação do urbanismo e do planejamento urbano no Peru, após sua incursão direta no campo político, onde assumiu o cargo de Deputado por Lima (1945) e, depois, de Presidente do país em dois períodos (1963-1968 e 1980-1985). Este artigo tem como objetivo balizar as contribuições de Fernando Belaunde Terry para o debate habitação social no Peru entre 1936 e 1968.
Cidade e habitação na américa latina (1890-1945): uma perspectiva foucaultiana.
Authors: Outtes Joel
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho trata da gênese de um discurso sobre urbanismo no Brasil e na Argentina entre 1890 e 1945 usando as ideias de Michel Foucault sobre disciplina e seu conceito de bio-poder. O padrão demográfico das maiores cidades a partir dos anos 1890 e a renovação do centro das cidades também são discutidos. Outras sessões são dedicadas aos planos propostos para as mesmas cidades nos anos 1920 e às representações do urbano. O trabalho discute ainda a oposição dos urbanistas às eleições, quando argumentavam que eram os únicos qualificados para lidarem com os problemas urbanos e deveriam ser empregados no aparelho de Estado. Eu arguo que, o urbanismo seria uma forma de criar uma cultura industrial, disciplinando a sociedade através da cidade, ainda que o proletariado industrial nunca tenha sido a maioria da população nos dois países. Mesmo se aspectos dos planos propostos para ambos os países não foram implementados, o discurso dos urbanistas pode ser visto como uma vontade de disciplinar a sociedade através da cidade, afetando a liberdade de movimento dos corpos, sendo abordado através dos conceitos Foucaultianos de bio-poder e disciplina.
O pátio do colégio em São Paulo entre 1889 a 1972: agentes, tensões e representações.
Authors: Kuhn João Carlos Santos , Cymbalista Renato
Published: October 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo observar as transformações envolvendo o Pátio do Colégio em São Paulo, no período entre 1889 e 1972, a partir de uma problemática central: o giro de 180O – referente aos processos de construção, destruição e reconstrução do Pátio do Colégio – na posição pública a respeito daquele que é um dos espaços mais emblemáticos da cidade, local de seu nascimento e símbolo da espiritualidade colonial. Para isso, atenta aos agentes e grupos de interesse que incidiram sobre o Pátio do Colégio nessas nove décadas: lideranças políticas, intelectuais, imprensa e os padres da Companhia de Jesus e seus apoiadores.
Application of Fuzzy Logic in Agricultural Systems: A Review
Authors: Pourjafar Mansoureh , Mazloomzadeh Meisam
Published: October 2017

Fuzzy logic is a development of Boolean logic dealing with the meaning of sectional truth. Whiles classical logic holds that everything can be expressed in double terms (0 or 1, black or white, yes or no). Fuzzy logic permits the use of linguistic values of variables and ambiguous relationships for modeling system treatment and it is a strong concept for handling time-varying, non-linear and adaptive systems. Because of need to improving agricultural systems and enhancing the farmer's income, the current study presents a review of fuzzy logic literature, applications to agricultural systems and fuzzy modeling techniques. One example has been expressed the steps of building a fuzzy model and consider the strategies for improving of agricultural systems.  
Determination of Some Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Cattle Manure Pellets
Authors: Rezaeifar Javad , Pourjafar Mansoureh
Published: October 2017

One of the important subsidiary materials of livestock units is excreta. The livestock waste (including the combination of the Cattle Manure and products case in the bed) as a valuable source of the minerals (Nitrogen 1.78 % , phosphor us 0.5% and potassium 0.99%).For the transportation of the cattle manure in the natural state is difficult and costly due to being low the special mass and the nature of mass. It is produced around 6 million thons the cattle manure yearly in Iran which it is usually filled in the place according to the lack of organic materials of the soils country, the use of the cattle manure causes increasing the productivity of crops. We usually need to some of the mechanical and thermal properties of the cattle manure for producing the pellet by Extruder, so we Survey some of the mechanical and thermal properties of the cattle manure pellet in this research such as the shear stress and the coefficient of thermal diffusivity cattle manure. We obtain the coefficient of the thermal diffusivity manure (
Radioisotopes in Agricultural Industry
Authors: Pourjafar Mansoureh
Published: October 2017

In environment there are approximately 300 nuclei, containing of different components and their isotopes. Isotopes are nuclei having the similar number of protons and different number of neutrons. Radioisotopes can be applied in vast range of agricultural systems. Scientists are solving the mysteries of multitude agricultural difficulties, which could not have been conceivable with formal ways. Radioisotopes were used in many range of application such as killing insects which damage the food grains by radiations, determining the function of fertilizers in different plants and increase the agricultural produce. Fruits, cereals, canned food and vegetables can be stored for longer periods by moderately exposing them to radiations. Uses of radioisotopes applicable techniques are helping the researchers to find the answer of difficulties in much lesser time. Radioisotopes can be produce from different sources such as nuclear reactors and other atomic installations, and this situation have increased the use of radioisotopes in the agricultural systems. The current paper shortly illustrates the importance of radioisotopes and their radiation in the agricultural areas.
Kajian ekologi kebudayaan terhadap sektor informal di perkotaan: suatu proses adaptasi ketidakseimbangan interaksi Kota-Desa akibat Industralisasi
Authors: Pranadji Tri
Published: October 2017

Indonesian
Ditinjau dari segi ekologi kebudayaan, interaksi antara kota dan desa mencerminkan "integrasi" dua sistem masyarakat yang mempunyai tingkat evolusi yang berbeda. Karena perbedaan ini sangat mungkin terjadi bahwa hubungan antara kota ("industri") dan desa ("pertanian") mengandung indikasi adanya ketidakseimbangan atau kesenjangan dua sistem masyarakat yang seolah-olah secara vertikal tampak terintegrasi dengan baik. Tulisan ini mengetengahkan bahwa munculnya sektor informal di perkotaan diduga sebagai bagian proses adaptasi adanya ketidakseimbangan tersebut. Dengan menelusuri dari adanya aliran energi, bahan dan informasi secara timbal balik antara ekosistem masyarakat industri di perkotaan dan ekosistem maasyarakat pertanian di pedesaan diperoleh beberapa gambaran, pertama, indsutrialisasi yang relatif cepat di perkotaan menjadi salahsatu sebab strategis mengapa hubungan antara sistem masyarakat perkotaan dan pedesaan menjadi tidak seimbang. Adanya ketidakseimbangan ini pada gilirannya menempatkan sistem masyarakat pedesaan sebagai subordinasi masyarakat perkotaan. Kedua, akibat adanya daya dukung lingkungan (carrying capacity) yang semakin menipis, segolongan masyarakat pedesaan yang ingin tetap bisa bertahan dan ingin hidup lebih baik berupaya beradaptasi hidup di lingkungan masyarakat perkotaan melalui wahana sektor informal. Ketiga, berkembangnya sektor informal di perkotaan hendaknya tidak dipandang sebagai fakta sosial yang harus diterima begitu saja, melainkan perlu kiranya dipandang juga sebagai adanya gejala kesenjangan dalam pembangunan, misalnya di bidang ekonomi, pendidikan, infrastruktur fisk dan politik. Keempat, penataan keorganisasian yang tampak masih luput dari jangkauan tujuan peningkatan  pertisipasi rakyat dan pemerataan seyogyanya menmperoleh sorotan yang lebih wajar. Kelima, untuk itulah kiranya bisa diusulkan agar pola pembangunan yang secara operasional selama ini lebih berorientasi pada pertumbuhan ("kota") menjadi lebih ke pemerintahan, misalnya melalui strategi "dorong gelombang".
Aspek Permintaan, Penawaran dan Tataniaga Hortikultura di Indonesia
Authors: Saliem Handewi Purwati
Published: October 2017

This study analiyzes demand/consumption, supply/production, and marketing of horticulture (vegetables and fruits) related to its development in Indonesia. Descriptive analysis throught cross tabulation and trend analysis of production and consumption using seondary data from CBs and result, of several research on horticulture. The result of the analysis show that (1) consumption level of vegetable and fruits in 1992 is relatively low i.e 25.8 and 28.04 Kg/Capital/year respectively.This shows a high opportunity to develop horticultural production in Indonesia; (2)  in domestic market, the dominant factors influencing holticulture consumption are number of population (consumer) and growth of average population income (3) price fluctuation, improportional price transmission between producer-retailer, and perishable characteristic of the commodities are the main problems in horticulture marketing systemin Indonesia. To anticipate the opportunity of increasing demand both domestic and export markets, the efforts can be made are (1) intensification at the production centre areas, (2) extensification to create new production areas,  (3) special attention for developing specific tropical holticulture, and  (4) effeciency in marketing by improving transportation, packaging and storage systems
Swasembada Kedelai: antara Harapan dan Kenyataan
Authors: Swastika Dewa Ketut Sadra
Published: October 2017

In Indonesia, soybean is the third important food crop after rice and corn. After being success in achieving rice  self-sufficiency, the goverment of Indonesia is trying to achieve self-suuficiency in other food crops like corn and soybean. Many efforts were done, including introduction of new varieties, special intensification (Gersus and Opsus), credit on palawija,and price policy, in order to encourage farmers to produce more soybean. This article is trying to show the performance of soybean self-sufficiency during the period of 25 years (1969-93) , and the future prospect of achieving self-sufficiency. The result of this study shows that since 1975 Indonesia fails to achieve self-sufficiency in soybean. This is due to the fact that the improvement of technology in soybean  cultural practice is relatively slow compared to that of rice. The slow progress of technology in combination with the slow process of transfer of technology from reseach institutes to farmers have resulted in a low yield. From 1988 to 1994 the yield was stagnant at about 1.1 tons/ha in average. Another constraint to achieve soybean self-sufficiency is the fact that soybean is a temperate crop. In Indonesia, it gives a better yield in the high altitude areas. On the other hands, soybean in high altitude is less competitived compared to horticulture crops, esspecialy vegetables. Therefore, special efforts are needed, esspecialy the utilization of bio-technology in plant breeding program of soybean in order to accelerate the achievement of soybean self sufficiency in the future
Potensi Peningkatan Produksi Kedelai di Indonesia melalui Penelitian Pengembangan dan Pemanfaatan Sumber Pertumbuhan Produksi
Authors: Adnyana Made Oka , Kariyasa Ketut
Published: October 2017

English
The performance of soybean production, productivity, and area of production as well as the demand, for this commodity are intensely discussed in this article. On the other hand, the opportunity to increase the domestic production can be led by enhancing the utilization of the new sources of production growth such as: (1) Expansion of production area through extensification program and increased cropping index, (2) Increasing productivity (tort/ha), (3) Increasing yield stability per unit of area. (4) Reducing the yield gap between recommended technology and yield at farm level, and (5) Reducing yield loss during harvest and post harvest handling. In addition, the discussion also involves other aspects such as: financial feasibility of soybean farming and its competitiveness to other competing crops, comparative advantage of effort to blow up domestic production compared with import, and economic incentive of government policy to the soybean farming in three provinces, namely: West lava. Central Java. and Lampung.

 

Indonesian
Dalam makalah ini dikemukakan perkembangan produksi, produktivitas, dan kebutuhan serta perkembangan ekspor dan impor kedelai di Indonesia. Sedangkan tambahan produksi kedelai yang mampu dihasilkan dapat ditempuh dengan pemanfaatan sumber pertumbuhan produksi kedelai: (1) Perluasan areal tanam (ekstensifikasi dan peningkatan indeks pertanaman), (2) Peningkatan produktivitas (hasil/ha), (3) Peningkatan stabilitas hasil per satuan luas, (4) Mempersempit senjang hasil antara teknologi rekomendasi dengan hasil di tingkat petani, dan (5) Menekan kehilangan hasil panen dan pasca panen. Lebih lanjut, pada makalah ini juga dibahas tentang kelayakan finansial dan keuntungan kompetitif usahatani kedelai dibandingkan dengan komoditas kompetitornya, keunggulan komparatif upaya memacu produksi kedelai di dalam negeri dibandingkan dengan impor, serta insentif ekonomi kebijaksanaan pemerintah pada usahatani kedelai di tiga wilayah penelitian pengembangan produksi kedelai yaitu; Jabar, Jateng, dan Lampung.
Keswadayaan Petani dalam Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Air untuk Irigasi
Authors: Sumaryanto NFN
Published: October 2017

English
The improvement of efficiency in using water irrigation needs a comprehensive and sistematic approach. Unfortunately, the applied approach was biased to technical aspect and especially focused on management in the resource base and at aggregate levels. Referring to those approach, the improvement of institution were develop by using top-down mechanism, very rigid incline to be homogenous and it caused over cooptation to the local institution which is had a capability in applying an efficient and sustain water irrigation management Finally, the efficiency in using water irrigation at farmer level is difficult to create. The reformulation approach to develop institution by give a big priority to farmer self reliance is required to develop a better water irrigation management

 

Indonesian
Peningkatan efisiensi pemanfaatan air irigasi membutuhkan pendekatan sistematis dan komprehensif. Pendekatan yang diterapkan selama ini bias kepada aspek teknis dan terfokus pada pengelolaan di tingkat sumberdaya dan agregat. Pengembangan kelembagaan dilakukan secara "top-down", sangat formal, cenderung homogen, dan mengakibatkan terjadinya kooptasi berlebihan terhadap kelembagaan lokal yang sesungguhnya memiliki kapabilitas untuk mewujudkan sistem pengelolaan irigasi yang efisien dan berlanjut. Pada akhirnya hal itu menyebabkan efisiensi penggunaan air irigasi di tingkat petani sulit diwujudkan. Reformulasi strategi dan pendekatan yang cocok untuk mewujudkan sistem kelembagaan yang memberikan bobot lebih besar kepada peran keswadayaan petani diharapkan dapat memperbaiki sistem pengelolaan irigasi.
Pengorganisasian Kelompok Tani Insus: Telaahan di Kabupaten Banyuwangi dan Malang Jawa Timur
Authors: Situmorang Jefferson , Suryana Achmad , Rachmat Muchjidin
Published: October 2017

Indonesian
Setahun setelah INSUS dilaksanakan, pada tahun 1980 produksi padi naik sebesar 13 persen. Kemudian timbul pendapat yang setuju dan kontra akan adanya peranan INSUS dalam hal ini. Untuk mengetahui apakah ada peran INSUS tersebut, perlu diketahui seberapa jauh INSUS itu telah diterapkan oleh petani sesuai dengan konsepnya. Telaahan ini dilakukan untuk menjawab pertanyaan di atas, walaupun disadari analisa dilakukan terlalu dini. Karena itu berupa penelitian kasus di dua kelompok tani di Malang dan Banyuwangi Jawa Timur; analisa bersifat deskriftif kualitatif, dan aspek yang dilihat terbatas pada kegiatan kelompok tani sebagai suatu lembaga. Hasil telaahan menunjukkan bahwa yang menentukan keberhasilan INSUS dibandingkan dengan kelompok petani lainnya karena adanya perbedaan dalam kerjasama kelompok.
Ketersediaan dan Kebutuhan Tenaga Kerja di Lampung
Authors: Suryana Rita Nurmalina , Yusdja Yusmichad , Gunawan Memed
Published: October 2017

Indonesian
Kependudukan di Lampung mempunyai ciri yang spesifik. Daerah ini merupakan propinsi dengan angka pertumbuhan penduduk tertinggi di Indonesia selama 1971-1980, yaitu 5.82 persen/tahun. Selain itu Lampung menerima migrasi musiman dari Jawa sebagai respon dari kurangnya penyediaan tenaga kerja pada saat panen tanaman perkebunan. Telaahan ini mencoba mengungkapkan ketersediaan dan kebutuhan tenaga kerja di daerah tersebut dengan menggunakan data sekunder dan wawancara kelompok. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa bagi kabupaten Lampung Selatan dan Lampung Utara penyedeiaan tenaga kerja pertanian seharusnya tidak merupakan masalah asal terjadi mobilitas lokal tenaga kerja yang lancar. Namun, penyediaan tenaga kerja tersebut memang merupakan kendala bagi pengembangan pertanian di Lampung Utara.