bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instagram: Alternatif Media dalam Pengembangan Maharah Al-Kitabah
Authors: Audina Noor Amalina , Muassomah Muassomah
Published: June 2020

This study aims to show that Instagram, which has only been popular for posting photos or videos, is very effective as a medium of al-Kitabah learning and can increase the ability of the students in al-Kitabah Maharah. In addition, it shows positive and negative responses of students to the use of Instagram as al kitabah maharah learning media. The study uses a qualitative descriptive approach and data and information were collected by using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques used Miles and Huberman models, namely data reduction, data presentation and data verification. The results of this study indicate that Instagram is one of the social media that strongly supports and motivates students to create and innovate in writing without being limited to place and time. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it was obtained a very positive response from 21 students that all students agreed with the use of Instagram as a medium for learning al-Kitabah maharah. Students give positive responses because they are flexible, not limited in time, learning is more varied and students are more active and creative. As for the negative responses of students needing an internet connection, teachers do not control directly. Researchers hope that with this study, the teachers can use the Instagram application as a medium for learning Arabic, so students can wisely utilize social media.
Fertility Development in the Baltic Countries Since 1990: a Transformation in the Context of Long-term Trends
Authors: Katus Kalev , Puur Allan , Sakkeus Luule , Poldma Asta
Published: June 2020

The article addresses the transformation of fertility patterns in the Baltic countries since the turn of the 1990s, in the context of long-term trends. The purpose of the study is to compare the change in fertility level, parity distribution, timing of childbearing, and the connection between marriage and childbearing in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, and analyze the position of the Baltic countries in a broader European perspective. Our results indicate a salient role of tempo effects in the sharp decline of period fertility measures that occurred in the region in the 1990s. Tempo-adjusted measures indicate moderately low fertility levels of 1.6-1.7 children per woman in the region. In the recent years, fertility levels have been rising in all three countries with recuperation being more vigorous in Estonia and less so in Lithuania. Estonia and Latvia also appear more advanced in terms of the spread of childbearing among cohabiting couples, with the proportion of non-marital births comparable to Scandinavian countries. The article discusses the factors underlying the observed similarities and dissimilarities in fertility patterns, pointing to the plausible demographic path dependence.
Cohabiting Partners Socioeconomic Characteristics and the Transition to Marriage in Finland
Authors: Mäenpää Elina
Published: June 2020

This study analyzes how the socioeconomic positions of cohabiting partners affect the transition to marriage by using information on both partners characteristics. The study uses a register-based data set compiled at Statistics Finland. The study population consists of 3,648 women born in 1966-1971 who were in a cohabiting union in January 1996, and who continued to cohabit or married their cohabiting partner during the period 1996-2003. Transition to marriage was analyzed with Cox regression model. Several control variables were included. As in previous studies, a favourable socioeconomic position encouraged marriage, as marriage rate increased with higher levels of education and income. Partners relative positions also had importance, since marriage rate was low when the female partner had high and the male partner low income, and the male partners unemployment discouraged marriage especially when the female partner had no unemployment. Marriage rate was low when both partners were studying
Urban and Peri-urban Population Dynamics in Case Study Cities within Europe
Authors: Terämä Emma
Published: June 2020

This article deals with population dynamics in chosen European locations with different age structures, future expected growth developments and urbanization prospects. The case study approach was chosen in order to depict spatially relevant details and characteristics of a small region with an urban core. The populations are subjected to a set of four possible futures, which are called scenarios. The demographics of each are different, and these variations are shown by means of population projections. The results show that in Koper, Slovenia and the Warsaw region, Poland the cities undergo dynamics that is very sensitive to the age structure of the population, future fertility, mortality and international migration prospects. The degree of urbanization further depends on local movement of population, which can be muffled by daily work-migration. Data availability on the local level is proven to be a challenge for detailed demographic studies, as is future uncertainty with respect to migration, be it local or international. Despite the uncertainties in the future levels of migration, it can be seen that age-structure and current low fertility levels have a long-standing impact on the demography of a region.
Television and Fertility
Authors: Basten Stuart
Published: June 2020

Much research has been conducted in the field of utilising the media - television and radio in particular - to promote particular public health messages. However, a burgeoning canon has examined how mass media can play a role in affecting change in fertility preferences and outcomes. In this paper we review these researches which have primarily focussed upon higher fertility settings. The impact of mass media presentation of families and children in low fertility settings has not yet been subject to rigorous sociological investigation so its impact can not be accurately inferred. However, given the pervasive nature of mass media and celebrity culture, we suggest that this is an important avenue for future research. We conclude that television plays a multi-faceted role in shaping individuals decision-making procedures concerning both demographic events and public health interactions. To illustrate this, we present a model which demonstrates a sliding scale of intent - but not impact - of various genres in order to understand the actual role of the media in shaping attitudes towards family size - either explicitly in terms of edutainment or implicitly as a forms of normalization.
Does Money Matter? Childbearing Behaviour of Swedish Students in the 1980's and 1990's
Authors: Thalberg Sara
Published: June 2020

Education is considered to be one of the primary factors behind postponement of childbearing, as students have significantly lower fertility than non-students of the same age. The low fertility of students may have many different explanations. This study focus on the impact of economic and policy factors on the relationship between study enrolment and childbearing in Sweden. Using longitudinal data it is examined whether the student financial aid reform of 1989 had any effect on female students childbearing behaviour and whether female students relative childbearing propensi-ties change when controlling for their earned income. The results show that the reform had no noticeable impact on students childbearing behaviour. However, first birth risks for female students in all age groups are clearly related to earnings, indicating that the postponement of childbearing until completion of education is, to some degree, a matter of economic constraints.
Working Mothers in Finland: A Cross-Country Comparison of Work to Family Interference, Work Characteristics and Satisfaction with Life
Authors: Weckström Sirpa
Published: June 2020

In this study it was examined whether work-related experiences of Finnish mothers are different from work-related experiences of mothers in 11 other European countries. The data was based on European Social Survey, round 2, conducted in the years 2004-2005. Descriptive statistics and ordinal regression analysis were used to assess the outcomes. Work to home interference was not especially frequent among mothers in Finland. However, interference that comprised other family members was more common than in the other countries investigated. With regard to work characteristics, Finnish mothers differed both negatively and positively from mothers in the other countries. Long working hours increased time-based interference from work to family members. Time pressure at work increased both time- and strain-based interferences. Social support from co-workers decreased strain-based interference. Work to family member interferences, especially strain-based interference, were negatively connected to life satisfaction. Both working and non-working mothers in Finland appeared to be satisfied with their life.
Judicialization of Culture
Authors: Mattila Tuomas
Published: June 2020

Traditional cultures and intangible cultural heritage are undergoing a process of judicialization. Various social and cultural phenomena, such as traditions and tangible or intangible expressions, are increasingly viewed as also having a judicial nature and being redefined in legal discourses. However, a legal definition always implies a position of power, one which may ultimately influence the very substance that the law aims to protect and safeguard. Therefore, judicialization should always be a dialogical process involving legal and cultural expertise, but various cultural stakeholders as well.
APLICACIÓN: NANOCOMPUESTO DE GRAFENO PARA MEJORA DE LA CADENA DE FRÍO EN EL TRANSPORTE DE VACUNAS
Authors: Patiño Acevedo Jorge Mario , Villar Vega Hernán Francisco , Isaza Escobar Ramiro Antonio , Matta López Sergio Alfredo
Published: June 2020

Las vacunas son productos biológicos que se deben conservar entre 2˚ y 8 ˚C, de lo contrario van perdiendo acción hasta llegar a inactividad total. Buscando mejorar la vida útil de las vacunas cuando requieran transportarse a lugares apartados, se ha propuesto utilizar un sistema móvil de refrigeración monitoreada (SMRM) que usa un nanocompuesto de matriz polimérica reforzado con grafeno. Esto mejora la velocidad de enfriamiento o calentamiento en dispositivos eléctricos, electrónicos y térmicos. Dicha mejora pretende asegurar que las vacunas transportadas en el SMRM tengan menor exposición a temperaturas por fuera de las especificadas, permitiendo que el producto tenga mayor eficacia que el transportado con sistemas comerciales. Finalmente, al lograr una velocidad de enfriamiento de 1,54 (˚C/min) y un consumo energético de 6,67 W/h, se evidencia una mejora importante, que comparándolos con el sistema comercial genera el equivalente a 200 % mayor velocidad de enfriamiento y 41 % menor consumo energético.
MODELO DE EVALUACIÓN DINÁMICA DE LA CALIDAD EN LA INFRAESTRUCTURA VIAL DE CORREDORES LOGÍSTICOS EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Gómez Lizarazo Jairo Alberto , Serna Urán Conrado Augusto , Arango Serna Martín Darío
Published: June 2020

En el presente artículo se modeliza el comportamiento de la infraestructura vial de los corredores logísticos de Colombia, utilizando dinámica de sistemas para evaluar los efectos de las políticas de inversión que se realizan en la red pavimentada. Para ello, se consideran cinco categorías que permiten evaluar la calidad de la red pavimentada definidas por el Instituto Nacional de Vías y Transporte – INVIAS. El modelo contiene la parametrización para evaluar el desgaste de las vías en función de tráfico promedio y de las inversiones que se realizan para la rehabilitación y el mantenimiento de las vías.
Mengkonstruksi Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) yang Berlandaskan Hukum Islam dalam Kerangka Hukum Nasional
Authors: Triana Nita
Published: June 2020

ADR is an alternative dispute resolution, that consider peaceful and agreement.  Such a dispute has been a long time known by Indonesia society. Musyawarah and mufakat principles that exist in Adat Law and Islah principle that exist in Islamic Law constitute Living Law in Indonesia. Principle of Law as forgiving, peaceful and agreement that exists in Islah can construct ADR in frame National Law system.
Pemberlakuan Syari'at Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Mushlihin Imam Annas
Published: June 2020

UU No. 22/1999 about Regional is one factor triggering the high demand of maintaining Islamic law. It is such on opportunity to uphold the Islamic law. Some theories e.g reception in complex, receptive, receptie exit and reception a contario has influenced some new regulation. In political point of view, the upholding of Islamic law is mainly caused by strong moslemâ€™s politic-religy. Some areas put regional regulation into effect and it causes some discourse counter by using human right norms.
Influence of image of individual paper-only production on strategy of production system develop-ment
Authors: Mukhin Aleksandr Vasilievich , Larionov Valery Glebovich , Ganina Galina Eduardovna , Ostrovskij Yuri Andreevich , Yakovleva Anna Petrovna
Published: June 2020

The paper presents a new approach to the development strategy of the production system based on a formalized description of bifurcations arising in the creative activities of specialists as part of the solution to the problem of assessing the usefulness of targeted changes in the principles and approaches in the organization of production. In the framework of the producer-production approach to the analysis of production, the term bifurcation producer is proposed, describing a targeted change affecting the development of production. An important task is found to create a unified model that describes the relationship between a person as a thinking active subject and production. This description allows making objective decisions on the production development strategy. A formal-logical apparatus is proposed, that uses as identifiers the characteristics deter-mining the image of production or thought activity, which includes creation of a description mech-anism on the basis of common identifiers for the decision-making model for the production development strategy. There has been illustrated the scheme of interaction of an active thinking person and production. A formal logical apparatus is proposed, using identifiers as characteristics determining the image of production activity or mental activity; including the creation of a description mechanism based on common identifiers for a decision-making model for a production development strategy. The choice of the development strategy of the production system is proposed to be carried out on the basis of the methodology of structural similarity of production types. A similarity matrix for the similarity of bifurcation producers is presented, which contains the following bifurcation producers: ergatic model of transformation of production, division of labor, in-line production, technological specialization, ergodynamic cooperative. The purpose of the development of the production system in the desire to approach the appearance of individual-paper-only production has been substantiated. It is stated that the efficient producer of the strategic development process is the bifurcation producer, which is the result of creative activity. As a primary measure of performance of strategy of development of production system there has been proposed the approximate method of calculating the similarity factor of the bifurcation producers for the individual paper-only production.
PEMERIKSAAN KESEHATAN DAN PENYULUHAN PEMANFAATAN JAHE MERAH SEBAGAI TANAMAN BERKHASIAT ANTIRADANG BAGI KADER PKK DI DESA CIKIDANG KECAMATAN LEMBANG
Authors: Levita Jutti , Sumiwi Sri Adi , Mutakin Mutakin , Milanda Tiana , Puspitasari Irma Meylani , Andriani Yuli , Febrina Ellin , Amalia Riezki , Muhtadi Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Hasil penelitian kami tentang pencarian tanaman berkhasiat anti radang telah membuktikan bahwa jahe merah dapat menurunkan laju pembentukan prostaglandin secara in vitro, bahkan senyawa kimia di dalam jahe merah terbukti dapat menghambat enzim siklo oksigenase, yaitu enzim yang berperan penting pada terjadinya radang, melalui pembentukan ikatan hidrogen dengan residu asam amino penting di dalam enzim tersebut. Oleh karena itu, jahe merah dipilih sebagai tanaman yang akan dipopulerkan oleh Tim Pengabdian pada Masyarakat (PPM) Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Padjadjaran, kepada kader PKK di Desa Cikidang, Kecamatan Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Kegiatan PPM ini meliputi (1) konsultasi kesehatan dan pemeriksaan tekanan darah peserta; (2) pendidikan masyarakat tentang radang dan pemanfaatan jahe merah sebagai swamedikasi radang; (3) difusi ipteks berupa demo pembuatan jahe merah instan sebagai minuman nutrisi. Dari sejumlah tujuh puluhun dangan yang disebarkan, kegiatan PPM dihadiri oleh empat puluh delapan peserta, terdiri dari 46 peserta wanita (95,83%) dan 2 peserta pria (4,17%). Hasil pre-test dan post-test menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan peserta, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembekalan pemanfaatan jahe merah kepada kader PKK di Desa Cikidang, Kecamatan Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat, dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka.
PEMBERDAYAAN WANITA MELALUI PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KIMCHI PADA IBU RUMAH TANGGA DI BATUJAJAR TIMUR BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: Nursidika Perdina , Naully Patricia Gita , Astuti Indria
Published: June 2020

Masyarakat di desa Batujajar Timur memiliki masalah yang cukup kompleks, mulai dari bidang pendidikan, kesehatan, lingkungan hidup, sarana prasarana infrastruktur, ekonomi hingga sosial dan budaya. Namun, permasalahan yang menjadi prioritas adalah permasalahan di bidang ekonomi dan kesehatan. Di desa tersebut masih banyak masyarakat yang miskin dikarenakan kurangnya lapangan pekerjaan. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang telah dijabarkan, diberikan solusi yaitu melakukan pelatihan teknik fermentasi sayur sawi. Sayur sawi dipilih sebagai bahan makanan yang akan difermentasi karena merupakan salah satu komoditas pertanian yang cukup banyak dijumpai di desa Batujajar Timur. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan ibu rumah tangga dan meningkatkan perekonomian keluarga. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini diawali dengan pengurusan izin dan kerjasama dengan pihak desa Batujajar Timur, persiapan materi; persiapan alat bahan; pembuatan inoculum bakteri; dan fermentasi kimchi. Kegiatan utama yang dilakukan adalah pemberian pre test dan post test; pemberian materi; dan pelaksanaan praktik pembuatan kimchi. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ibu-ibu rumah tangga di Batujajar Timur memiliki kemampuan dan keterampilan dalam teknologi fermentasi kimchi.
PELATIHAN PEMASARAN ONLINE PRODUK INDUSTRI KREATIF DI DESA LAKSANA MEKAR KECAMATAN PADALARANG KABUPATEN BANDUNG BARAT
Authors: RAHARJA SAM'UN JAJA , CHAN ARIANIS , KOSTINI NENDEN , MUHYI HERWAN ABDUL
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemasaran produk industri kreatif pada komunitas Ecovillage Wilayah Citarum di Desa Laksana Mekar Kecamatan Padalarang Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Berdasarkan analisis situasi terdapat kendala dalam pemasaran produk tersebut secara langsung yang disebabkan oleh keterbatasan waktu untuk memasarkan dan keterbatasan tempat pemasaran (outlet). Untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut dan berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan komunitas Ecovillage, maka salah satu alternatif solusi yang dipilih dan diputuskan adalah dengan melakukan pemasaran secara online (online marketing). Pelatihan diberikan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam memasarkan produk secara online. Metode pelatihan yang diberikan berupa hakekat pemasaran, dasar-dasar pemasaran online dan praktek pembuatan fitur-fitur pemasaran online dengan menggunakan smart phone. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan telah terjadi perubahan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan para peserta dalam teori dan praktek pemasaran produk secara online. Disarankan agar ada kegiatan pendampingan lanjutan sejalan dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi yang cepat dan dinamis
Madrasah Head of Leadership Style with Performance Teachers
Authors: Rosidah Rosidah , Dahlan Rabbani Muhammad , H. Subky Badruddin
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship between the leadership style of madrasah principals with the performance of teachers in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 1 Bogor City. The population used is all teachers of the Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 1 Bogor City, totalling 43 teachers. This study uses quantitative research methods and questionnaires as instruments. It was then analyzed using correlation and regression analysis, data analysis using Pearson correlation statistical analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between the leadership style of madrasa principals with teacher performance calculated with Pearson Correlation, the correlation coefficient value obtained between these variables is 0.690. The coefficient of determination in this analysis obtained a value of 0.475, which means 47.5%. The variable of Teacher Performance can be explained by the Leadership Style. The regression line is Ŷ = 5,100 + 0,912 X. There is a positive Madrasah Head Leadership Style with Teacher Performance.  Based on the results of the study it can be said that the leadership style of the madrasah head has a sufficient relationship with the performance of teachers in Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Kota Bogor.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dengan kinerja guru di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Kota Bogor. Adapun populasi yang digunakan adalah seluruh guru Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Kota Bogor, yang berjumlah 43 guru.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dan kuesioner sebagai instrumen. Kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi dan regresi, analisis data menggunakan analisis statistic Pearson correlation. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah dengan kinerja guru dihitung dengan Pearson Correlation, nilai koefisien korelasi yang diperoleh antara variabel tersebut sebesar 0,690. Nilai koefisien determinasi dalam analisis ini diperoleh nilai 0,475 yang berarti 47,5%. Variabel kinerja Guru dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel Gaya Kepemimpinan. Garis regresi Ŷ = 5,100 + 0,912 X. Ada hubungan yang positif antara gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah dengan Kinerja Guru. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat dikatakan bahwa gaya kepemimpinan kepala madrasah memiliki hubungan yang cukup dengan kinerja guru di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Kota Bogor.
Methodological status of time in political science
Authors: Sheblo O. D.
Published: June 2020

In contemporary political science time is becoming a portmanteau-concept. It forms terminological concatenations in all fields of theoretical and applied researches. At the same time methodological status of time in political science is still not clear. Author suggests a systematization of those researches there time is viewed as a meaningful factor in political process. On the analysis of theoretical basis, methodology and tools four approaches are introduced: narrative approach, psychological approach, institutionalist approach and cyclic approach. The order of introduction of these approaches is based on the degree of intentionality of political actors in their treatment of time: from the most to the least conscious end.
Genesis and current state of interest groups system in France
Authors: Kanevskiy P. S.
Published: June 2020

The article is dedicated to development and current state of the interest groups system in France. The author shows that the development of the French interest groups system occurred under the influence of historical, cultural, social and institutional factors. For comparative researchers who analyze interest groups in different countries France represents a special case since it cannot be classified as either corporatist or pluralistic. Although initially the French model was closer to corporatism, the trade unions — an essential element of classical corporatist systems — always played much smaller role. In addition, in France there is a tradition of close interaction between elites, which directly affects the interest groups system. The most influential groups are those that enjoy privileged access to government officials which allows us to talk about sectoral corporatism. At the same time, pluralistic tendencies can be traced in the development of the French interest groups system. However, in France, the pluralization of the interest groups system is associated not with the development of market relations but with the fragmented structure of state power, in which the decision-making process is concentrated in pluralistic and at the same time elitist communities. The author concludes that the peculiarities of the development of the political system and political culture in France led to the existence of such a system of interest groups that combines both corporate and pluralistic features, but the logic of their interaction with the government is based on the principle of inter-elite interaction.
Technosocial inequalities in the digital age
Authors: Dallakian K. A.
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of relationship between social, techno-social subjects and artificial intelligence systems in the future mixed society. The threats of possible techno-social inequality both between humans and robots, and between ordinary people and persons, implanted chips to increase their intellectual capabilities, are considered. The necessity of development moral and legal norms of subjects behavior in the mixed society is emphasized. The author reveals methodological foundations of bioethics and proposes strategic steps for constructing interactions of actors in a mixed society.
Comparison of analgesic and tissue effects of subcutaneous perineural injection of liposomal bupivacaine and bupivacaine hydrochloride in horses with forelimb lameness induced via circumferential clamp
Authors: Le Kayla M. , Caston Stephanie S. , Hossetter Jesse M. , Hay Kraus Bonnie L.
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the analgesic and tissue effects of liposomal bupivacaine administered SC as an abaxial sesamoid nerve block in horses with experimentally induced lameness.

ANIMALS

6 healthy mature light-breed horses.

PROCEDURES

In a randomized crossover study, a circumferential hoof clamp was applied to a forelimb to induce reversible lameness. An abaxial sesamoid nerve block of the lame forelimb was performed by SC perineural injection of 10 mg of liposomal bupivacaine or bupivacaine HCl/site. Quantitative gait data were objectively obtained with a body-mounted inertial sensor system before (baseline) and at 30-minute intervals after treatment. Time to return to 85% of baseline lameness was determined. After a minimum 4-day washout period, procedures were repeated with the alternate limb and treatment. Lastly, the palmar digital nerves and perineural tissues were collected and examined histologically.

RESULTS

SC perineural injection of liposomal bupivacaine ameliorated forelimb lameness in 5 of 6 horses. The median duration of analgesia was not significantly different between liposomal bupivacaine (4.5 hours) and bupivacaine HCl (3.0 hours). Histologically, mild inflammation was noted in 3 of 10 sites injected with liposomal bupivacaine and in none of the sites injected with bupivacaine HCl.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

SC perineural injection of 10 mg of liposomal bupivacaine/site ameliorated experimentally induced forelimb lameness in some horses. At milligram-equivalent doses, liposomal bupivacaine had a similar duration of analgesia to that of bupivacaine HCl. Further investigation is required before recommending clinical use of liposomal bupivacaine for nerve blocks in horses.
Activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and serine proteases in samples of the colorectal mucosa of Miniature Dachshunds with inflammatory colorectal polyps
Authors: Nagata Noriyuki , Ohta Hiroshi , Yamada Arisa , Teoh Yong Bin , Ichii Osamu , Morishita Keitaro , Sasaki Noboru , Takiguchi Mitsuyoshi
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the activities of gelatinases (matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-2 and MMP-9) and serine proteases in the colorectal mucosa of Miniature Dachshunds (MDs) with inflammatory colorectal polyps (ICRPs).

ANIMALS

15 MDs with ICRPs and 5 dogs with non–ICRP-related large bowel diarrhea (controls).

PROCEDURES

Zymographic methods were used to evaluate the activities of MMP-2, MMP-9, latent forms of MMP-2 and MMP-9 (pro–MMP-2 and pro–MMP-9), and serine proteases in inflamed and noninflamed tissue samples from MDs with ICRPs and in noninflamed tissue samples from control dogs. The associations of serine protease activities with MMP-2 or MMP-9 activity were also analyzed.

RESULTS

Activities of pro–MMP-2 and pro–MMP-9 were detected in most tissue samples, regardless of the tissue type, whereas activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were not detected in control tissue samples. In the inflamed tissue samples from MDs with ICRPs, the activities of MMP-2, pro–MMP-9, and MMP-9 were significantly higher than those in the noninflamed tissue samples from those dogs. Serine protease activities were significantly higher in the inflamed and noninflamed tissue samples from MDs with ICRP, compared with findings for control tissue samples. A weak correlation was detected between serine protease activities and MMP-9 activity.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Study results suggested that gelatinase and serine protease activities are upregulated in the colorectal mucosa of MDs with ICRPs, possibly contributing to the pathogenesis of this disease through the functions of these enzymes in degradation of extracellular matrix and promotion of inflammatory cell migration and inflammatory responses.
Gobernanza de las cadenas de valor sustentable de la pesca: entre el Norte y el Sur Global.
Authors: Velázquez-Durán Víctor Manuel , Rosales-Ortega Rocío
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: el libro Governing Sustainable Seafood tiene por objetivo estudiar las dificultades y retos que enfrentan los movimientos sociales a favor de la sustentabilidad en la pesca y la acuacultura, para fomentar prácticas de captura y producción amigables con el medio ambiente y proveer alimentos sanos. Metodología: la metodología de investigación se apoya en la revisión exhaustiva de literatura sobre la producción y gobernanza de la pesca, y en diversos trabajos de campo basados en entrevistas a los actores que participan en la organización de las cadenas de valor (ONG, empresas, gobiernos, consumidores, asociaciones locales/regionales de pescadores y productores acuícolas). Resultados: Simon R. Bush y Peter Oosterveer proponen un marco teórico novedoso en torno a las cadenas de valor de los alimentos pesqueros, al analizarlas como estructuras socio-económicas dinámicas que articulan territorios, recursos materiales, ecosistemas, prácticas e instituciones, en distintas escalas. Limitaciones: una limitación que observamos en el libro es la escasa referencia a las iniciativas de sustentabilidad impulsadas por actores del Sur-Global, tales como los proyectos de certificación originados en los países en vías de desarrollo, y las acciones colectivas de grupos locales para conservar los recursos naturales de sus territorios. Conclusiones: los autores argumentan que un reto importante para el estudio de la sustentabilidad de los alimentos pesqueros, consiste en comprender la complejidad de las interacciones entre el Estado y los diversos actores de la sociedad civil, lo cual genera un mosaico muy diverso de instrumentos de regulación en la pesca y la acuacultura.
Analisis sistem lightspeed dalam operasional departemen kantor depan hotel Sheraton bali kita resort
Authors: Novia Putu Yurika Selly , Suarka Fanny Maharani , Ariani Ni Made
Published: June 2020

Abstrak

Saat ini terdapat beberapa tamu hotel yang memberikan tanggapan terhadap lambatnya proses check- in dan check-out, pelayanan yang kurang maksimal, hingga tipe kamar yang tidak sesuai. Sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi di departemen kantor depan terkait sistem informasi yang digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui persepsi karyawan kantor depan terhadap sistem lightspeed serta menganalisis kualitas sistem informasi Lightspeed di Hotel Sheraton Bali Kuta Resort yang diproksikan dengan kepuasan pengguna dan manfaat yang didapatkan.Teknik Penentuan Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah model sensus/ jenuh dengan sampel adalah 35 orang karyawan kantor depan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan metode observasi, kuesioner, dan studi kepustakaan.  Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dengan menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dengan skala likert yang dibantu dengan pendekatan partial least square (PLS) yaitu dengna jenis software PLS 3.0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa persepsi karyawan kantor depan terhadap sistem lightspeed adalah baik yang dibuktikan dengan nilai rata-rata penerimaan 3,56 dan evaluasi 3,48.  Sedangkan untuk untuk hasil analisis data didapatkan pengaruh langsung dari masing – masing variabel yaitu kualitas sistem lightspeed berpengaruh secara langsung dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan karyawan sebesar 62,7% bagian depan di Hotel Sheraton Bali Kuta Resort, kualitas sistem lightspeed berpengaruh siginifikan terhadap manfaat karyawan sebesar 72,4% dan kepuasan pengguna berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap manfaat sebesar 29,2%, pengaruh kualitas sistem lightspeed terhadap manfaat lebih besar dari kepuasan karyawan hal tersebut membuktikan pengguna sistem lightspeed mendapatkan manfaat dari sistem yang digunakan namun kepuasan yang didapatkan lebih kecil dari manfaat.

Kata Kunci: Persepsi, Kualitas Sistem Lightspeed, Kantor Depan.
Persepsi masyarakat desa munduk terhadap implementasi corporate social resposibility puri lumbung cottages
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Made Citra , Sri Anak Agung Putri , Sari Ni Putu Ratna
Published: June 2020

Abstrak

Suatu perusahaan tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan masyarakat sebagai lingkungan eksternalnya. Eksistensi perusahaan bergantung dari hubungan timbal balik antara perusahaan dengan masyarakat. Perusahaan dan masyarakat adalah pasangan hidup yang saling memberi dan membutuhkan. Kontribusi dan harmonisasi keduanya akan menentukan keberhasilan pembangunan bangsa. Adanya keselarasan antara keuntungan yang diperoleh perusahaan dengan pemberian kontribusi secara langsung kepada masyarakat dan lingkungannya merupakan mekanisme check & balances antara pihak perusahaan dengan masyarakat. Dengan kata lain Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) juga dipandang sebagai tolok ukur untuk reputasi suatu perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi serta persepsi masyarakat Desa Munduk terhadap Corporate Social Responsibilty. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara terstruktur, kuesioner, dan studi kepustakaan. Teknik penentuan informan adalah purposive sampling. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 98 responden dengan teknik penentuan sampel digunakan adalah accidental sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang ditunjang dengan skala likert. Program CSR yang dilakukan oleh Puri Lumbung Cottages yaitu kepada masyarakat sekitar Desa Munduk sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik. Program CSR berupa program kelas menari, kursus massage, cooking class, perpustakaan desa, konservasi air, pembagian bibit kopi, serta natural and conservation activity. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi masyarakat terhadap implementasi CSR Puri Lumbung Cottages berdasarkan kuesioner yang disebarkan ke 98 responden masyarakat Desa Munduk mendapatkan skor penilaian akhir dengan rata-rata skor penilaian 3 dengan kategori sikap “baik”.

Kata kunci: : Persepsi, implementasi, dan corporate social responsibilty
STUDI PENGARUH pH AWAL MEDIA DAN LAMA FERMENTASI PADA PROSES PRODUKSI ETANOL DARI HIDROLISAT TEPUNG BIJI NANGKA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN Saccharomycess cerevisiae
Authors: Fadilah Umi , Wijaya I Made Mahaputra , Antara N. Semadi
Published: June 2020

Jackfruit seed (Artocarpus heterophyllus) flour is a substrate used in ethanol production research.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the media initial pH and the time length of fermentation on the ethanol fermentation process from the jackfruit seed starch hydrolyzate using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to obtain optimum initial pH of the medium and the optimum fermentation length in order to obtain the highest ethanol concentration. This research was designed with 2 factors. The first factor is the initial pH of the media consisting of 3 levels, namely 4, 4,5, and 5. The second factor is the fermentation length consisting of three levels, ie 5, 6, and 7 days. Data obtained from the research are analyzed and presented descriptively. The results showed that the initial pH of the media had an effect on ethanol content and final pH, but had no effect on total soluble solids. Hydrolyzate of jackfruit flour, fermentation length has an effect on total ethanol, final pH, and total dissolved solids. The interaction of the two treatments had an effect on total ethanol of fermented jackfruit seed flour. The best treatment to produce ethanol hydrolyzate of jackfruit seed flour is the initial pH of medium 4.5 and the duration of fermentation of 6 days to produce total ethanol of 3.67 mL. 

Key words: Artocarpus heterophyllus, ethanol, fermentation, initial pH of medium
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN BAHAN DENGAN PELARUT ASETON TERHADAP TOTAL FENOLIK, WARNA DAN KLOROFIL EKSTRAK Sargassum polycystum
Authors: Hernes I Putu Fajardhiputra , Suhendra Lutfi , Wrasiati Luh Putu
Published: June 2020

Seaweed is one of the biological resources that its existence is very abundant in all marine waters in Indonesia. One of them is Sargassum polycystum which is a type of brown algae (Phaeophyceae). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of comparison the material with the solvent to the color content, the total phenolic and chlorophyll of Sargassum polycystum extract, and to determine the comparative treatment of the material with best solvent to produce Sargassum polycystum extract. This experiment uses a simple Group Randomized Design (GRD) consisting 5 comparisons of materials with the acetone (w/v) ie (1:9), (1:11), (1:13), (1:15), (1:17). Furthermore, the treatment is repeated as much as 3 times based on implementation time, to obtained 15 units of experiments. The results showed the ratio of material with the solvent had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on the rendement parameters, brightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowishness (b *), total phenolic, chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll. The results had significant effect (P<0.05) shown on chlorophyll b parameters. The best treatment was obtained from the treatment with the highest value on several parameters tested ie, yield, total phenolic and chlorophyll content. Comparison of material with acetone solvent (1:15) (w/v) was the best treatment with yield of 2.27%, color intensity (L*) 5.08, (a*) -5.62, (b*) 54.00, total phenolic 0.95 mgGAE / 100g, chlorophyll a 279 ppm, chlorophyll b 134 ppm and total chlorophyll 310 ppm.

Key words: Sargassum polycystum, compounds bioactive, comparison of material with solvent.
STUDI PENGARUH pH AWAL MEDIA DAN KONSENTRASI SUBSTRAT PADA PROSES FERMENTASI PRODUKSI BIOETANOL DARI HIDROLISAT TEPUNG BIJI KLUWIH (Actinocarpus communis) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Wikrama Yuda I Gede Yogi , Mahaputra Wijaya I Made , Suwariani Ni Putu
Published: June 2020

The aims of this study were to determine the optimum pH of media and substrate concentration on fermentation process that affected the production of bioetanol from kluwih (Actinocarpus communis) seed by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and to obtain initial pH of media and substrate concentration on fermentation process that can a obtain the highest concentration of bioethanol. The research was designed by 2 factors. The first factor is initial pH of media that consist of three levels: 4, 4.5, and 5. The second factor is substrate concentration that consist of three levels: 2.5 %, 5 %, and 7.5 %. The data was obtained from series of tests and then it analyzed and produced presented by descriptive method. The results showed that the initial pH of media had an effect on ethanol content, and the pH, but not effected on total resulting suspended solid. Substrate concentration had an effect on ethanol content and total suspended solid. Interaction of both treatments had an effect on ethanol content from fermented flour of kluwih seed by used Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The best treatment to produce ethanol from fermented flour of  kluwih seed is by using the initial pH of media 4.5 and substrate concentration amount 7.5 % that yielded the highest ethanol content of 6.13 mL.                                                                                                                                          

Key words:  Actinocarpus communis, ethanol, fermentation, the initial pH of media, substrate concentration
PENENTUAN UMUR SIMPAN CUKA KAKAO MENGGUNAKAN METODE ACCELERATED SHELF-LIFE TESTING (ASLT) DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARRHENIUS
Authors: Sukmayanti Ni Wayan , Ganda Putra G.P. , Suhendra Lutfi
Published: June 2020

Cocoa vinegar is a fermented vinegar produced from a product of cocoa bean fermentation. The aims of this study were to determine quality change of cocoa vinegar during retention and determine its self-life by using Accelerated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) method by Arrhenius Equation Approach. This research was conducted by using one factor, and it was storage temperature treatment that consisting of 3 levels, 30, 40 and 50?C. Retention and observation start from 0 week until 16 weeks, with parameters that observe were acetic acid, pH, total suspended solid and turbidity. Cocoa vinegar has decreased quality during storage, at 30?C, 40?C and 50?C. During storage of the three temperatures, the temperature of 50?C suffered the most rapid deterioration with the characteristic of decreasing the acetic acid content by more than 50%, and the increase of pH, total suspended solid and turbidity on the 63rd day. Shelf life of cocoa vinegar by using the characteristic of acetic acid with linear regression equation y = -4624.x + 10.30 with R² = 0.999.at storage from temperature 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50?C respectively were 431 days (14.3 months). 246 days (8.20 months). 146 days (4.86 months). 89 days (2.96 months).and 56 days (1.86 months).

Keywords: vinegar of cocoa, self-life prediction, ASLT method
KANDUNGAN SENYAWA FLAVONOID DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK TEH HIJAU PADA PERLAKUAN SUHU AWAL DAN LAMA PENYEDUHAN
Authors: Fajar Riza Ibnu , Wrasiati Luh Putu , Suhendra Lutfi
Published: June 2020

Tea is a kind of plantations which has antioxidant compound and beneficial for health. Based on processing, there 3 kinds of tea namely black tea, green tea, and oolong tea. The aims of this study is to find out the temperature influence and time of brewing toward the flavonoid and antioxidant activity of green tea. This research was conducted to determine temperature and time brewing effect on flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of green tea. The experiment in this study used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was temperature of brewing that consists of temperature 75oC, 85oC, and 95oC. The second factor was the time of brewing namely 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The treatment was repeated twice to obtain 18 units of the experiment. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance, followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the best treatment of green tea extract temperature of 95oC and extraction time 15 minutes resulted in yield 26.2±0,50%, total flavonoids 252.3±1,71 mg QE /g extract and IC50 value was 173.5±1,34 ?g/ml.

Keywords : Green tea, brewing, flavonoid, antioxidant activity
THE DENUNCIATION OF CORRUPTION IN FRANCHISM. “EL CASO MATESA” IN THE JOURNAL CUADERNOS PARA EL DIÁLOGO
Authors: Ballesteros Maria de la Paz Pando
Published: June 2020

In view of the worsening experienced by Spain, in recent years, both globally and in Europe , in relation to levels of corruption, in this paper we try to dismantle the idea, still present in some sectors of society, that corruption is an exclusive phenomenon of democratic systems and political pluralism, highlighting the network of corruption that allowed the Franco dictatorship, during which said blight became a widespread social practice, a structural element protected by power and protected by the lack of freedom of expression and communication. We will dwell especially on the fraud carried out by the company MATESA, as well as on the political background that was implicit and that led to a strong government crisis, analyzing it from an original perspective. We will study both the dimensions of fraud, and the media scandal it provoked, as well as the political crisis that resulted from the perspective of the non-collaborationist Christian Democrats, who used this issue to record, through the pages of the Journal Cuadernos for the Dialogue, of the corruption in which the System was based, of the power struggles that confronted the different families of the Regime at the height of 1969, of their position in this respect, as well as of their proposals and alternatives.
Effect of Inlet Air Temperature on the Properties of Spray Dried San-sakng (Albertisia papuana Becc.) Leaf
Authors: Mayasari Eva , Saloko Satrijo , Lestari Oke Anandika , Ulfa Maria
Published: June 2020

Free glutamic acid is a flavor enhancer compound that provided umami taste. San-sakng (Albertisia papuana Becc.) leaf has been used as a seasoning in the Dayaks tribe, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The aim of this study was evaluated the effect of different drying inlet air temperature on physico-chemical of the spray dried san-sakng leaf. San-sakng leaf powders was produced using spray drying and maltodextrin as raw material. Completely randomized design was used with one factor, namely drying inlet air temperature on the spray drying process (130Â°C, 140Â°C, and 150Â°C). The results showed that moisture, solubility, bulk density, particle size, and encapsulation efficiency on the San-sakng leaf powders presented significantly affected by the drying inlet air temperature. Increasing inlet air temperature led to reduced moisture, bulk density, and particle size, whereas enhancing the solubility and encapsulation efficiency.
Screening and Selection of Media Components for Protease Production by Bacillus sp. EBTA6 Using Plackett–Burman Design
Authors: Akçay Fikriye Alev , Avcı Ayşe
Published: June 2020

In this study, effects of medium components and inoculum size on the protease production by Bacillus sp. EBTA6 that was isolated from a home-made Tarhana sample were investigated. The cell-free supernatant of bacterium cultured on a shaking incubator for 24 h was used to test protease activity as the response. With a total number of 11 factors, 12 different experiments were run and the highest experimental protease activity was measured as 2280.4 U/mL. Results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and the most efficient factors were detected as yeast extract, dipotassium phosphate, casein, and peptone with a contribution of 93.78, 2.19, 1.96, 1.31%, respectively. For validation of the selected factors, a further experiment was performed by using of yeast extract (9.98 g/L), dipotassium phosphate (1.27 g/L), casein (8.69 g/L), and peptone (9.88 g/L) obtained from the design equation. The experimental response was found as 2411.4 U/mL which was only 5.5% higher than the predicted response showing that the model was applicable.