bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of topological defects and Yukawa potential combined with inverse square on eigenvalue spectra of diatomic molecules O
2, NO, LiH, HCl
Authors: Ahmed Faizuddin , Kumar Nayek Sujay
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we investigate a quantum system composed of non-relativistic particles interacting with an external potential while in the presence of a topological defect produced by a point-like global monopole. We derive the radial equation of the Schrödinger equation for this system, considering a Yukawa potential combined with inverse square potential within the backdrop of a point-like global monopole. To determine the eigenvalue solutions for this quantum system, we employ a suitable approximation scheme known as the Pekeris approximation. This approximation is applied to the centrifugal term, and we solve the resulting radial equation using the parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method. Subsequently, we examine the quantum system when only Yukawa potential is present, and we obtain the eigenvalue solutions using the same procedure. In both cases, we observe that the presence of the global monopole topological defect has a significant impact on the energy spectrum of quantum particles interacting with an external potential. To illustrate this effect, we consider a few diatomic molecules, such as O
2, NO, LiH, and HCl. We present the energy spectrum and compare our results with previously published findings in the literature. Furthermore, we generate several plots to visually depict the influence of the global monopole on the energy eigenvalues for these different molecules.
Machine learning models for capacitance prediction of porous carbon-based supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Tawfik Wael Z , Mohammad Samar N , Rahouma Kamel H , Salama Gerges M , Tammam Emad
Published: December 2023

Energy storage devices and systems with better performance, higher reliability, longer life, and wiser management strategies are needed for daily technology advancement. Among these devices, the supercapacitor is the most preferable due to its high-limit capacitance that esteems more than different capacitors. Today, it is considered a significant challenge to design high-performance materials for supercapacitors by exploring the interaction between characteristics and structural features of materials. Because of this, it is essential to predict capacitance when assessing a material’s potential for use in constructing supercapacitor-electrode applications. Machine learning (ML) can significantly speed up computation, capture complex mechanisms to enhance the accuracy of the prediction and make the best choices based on detailed status data. We aimed to develop a new strategy for the assisted design of high-performance supercapacitor materials by applying ML to analyze the relationship between capacitance and structural features of porous carbon materials (PCMs) using hundreds of experimental data in the literature. In the present study, Linear Regression (LR), Regression Tree (RT), and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) were used to estimate the supercapacitor’s capacitance. The effectiveness of the ML models was evaluated in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and the correlation between expected yield and system-provided yield. The developed ANFIS model, with RMSE, MAE, and R values of 22.8, 39.7647, and 0.90004, respectively, compares favourably regarding prediction performance to other models built for this purpose.
The SUSY partners of the QES sextic potential revisited
Authors: Contreras-Astorga Alonso , Escobar-Ruiz Adrian M , Linares Román
Published: December 2023

In this paper, the SUSY partner Hamiltonians of the quasi-exactly solvable (QES) sextic potential

V

qes

(
x
)
=
ν

x

6

+
2

ν

μ

x

4

+

μ

2

−
(
4
N
+
3
)
ν

x

2

,

N
∈

Z

+

, are revisited from a Lie algebraic perspective. It is demonstrated that, in the variable z = x
2, the underlying

sl

2

(
R
)

hidden algebra of V
qes(x) is inherited by its SUSY partner potential V
1(x) only for N = 0. At fixed N > 0, the algebraic polynomial operator h(x, ∂
x
; N) that governs the N exact eigenpolynomial solutions of V
1 is derived explicitly. These odd-parity solutions appear in the form of zero modes. The potential V
1 can be represented as the sum of a polynomial and rational parts. In particular, it is shown that the polynomial component is given by V
qes with a different non-integer (cohomology) parameter

N

1

=
N
−

3

2

. A confluent second-order SUSY transformation is also implemented for a modified QES sextic potential possessing the energy reflection symmetry. By taking N as a continuous real constant and using the Lagrange-mesh method, highly accurate values (∼20 s. d.) of the energy E

n
= E

n
(N) in the interval N ∈ [ − 1, 3] are calculated for the three lowest states n = 0, 1, 2 of the system. The critical value N

c
above which tunneling effects (instanton-like terms) can occur is obtained as well. At N = 0, the non-algebraic sector of the spectrum of V
qes is described by means of compact physically relevant trial functions. These solutions allow us to determine the effects in accuracy when the first-order SUSY approach is applied on the level of approximate eigenfunctions.
Neutron star core-crust transition and the crustal moment of inertia in the nonlinear relativistic Hartree approximation*
Authors: Li 李 Niu 牛 , Wei 韦 Si-Na 斯纳 , Yang 杨 Rong-Yao 荣瑶 , Ye 叶 Jing 婧 , Jiang 蒋 Wei-Zhou 维洲
Published: December 2023

We investigate the effects of the σ meson mass (

), symmetry energy, and slope of the symmetry energy on the neutron star core-crust transition density and the crustal moment of inertia (

) in the nonlinear relativistic Hartree approach (RHA), which includes vacuum polarization. Although the core-crust transition density (

), pressure (

), and neutron star radius (R), which are all dependent on the symmetry energy, contribute to determining

, we find that changing only the slope of symmetry energy within a reasonable range is not sufficient to reach

% to achieve the large glitches of the Vela pulsar. However, since all three factors (

,

, and R) increase with the increase in

through scalar vacuum polarization, adjusting

can easily achieve

%.
The influence of the laser cutting process parameters on the quality of the cut edge
Authors: Łatka L , Jonda E , Kiełczawa T
Published: December 2023

The article describes the influence of the parameters of laser cutting on the cut edge quality of 10 mm S355J2 structural steel. The cutting process was carried out with a fiber laser. The basic evaluation criteria were measurements of perpendicularity tolerance, average profile height of roughness Rz5, visual evaluation, and measurements of hardness HV10. Moreover, the factorial regression models were prepared to investigate the standardized effects of the process parameters on the cutting quality. The variable process parameters were laser beam power, cutting velocity and working gas pressure. For regression modeling, low and high levels of these factors were considered representing the effective range of each parameter. The research presented in this paper proves that there are statistical correlations between the examined factors that have a significant impact on the achieved cutting effect. By the analysis of the process control parameters, it is possible to achieve an optimal level of quality that facilitates further technological operations on a given cutting product.
Simulation model of a patient with type 1 diabetes using fuzzification
Authors: Zientarski T , Miłosz M , Nowicki T , Kiersztyn A , Wójcicki P , Gutek D
Published: December 2023

Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common diseases. The disease is caused by a lack of insulin secretion from the beta cells of the pancreas, which leads to improper regulation of blood glucose levels. The article presents a simulation model for determining changes in glucose-insulin levels using fuzzy logic techniques. The work concerns a quite simple deterministic simulation model of a digital twin of a type 1 diabetes patient, and fuzzification can significantly improve the efficiency of this model. A series of numerical experiments showed that enriching a simple deterministic patient model with a fuzzy approach gives much more accurate results than the simple deterministic model. The use of fuzzy sets opens up a number of possibilities and is a completely natural approach, resulting from, among others, the specificity of the simulated phenomenon - vital parameters of people with type 1 diabetes.
Quantitative and qualitative analysis of surface runoff from the exemplary rest area (RA)
Authors: Suchorab P , Kowalski D , Iwanek M , Kowalska B , Hołota E
Published: December 2023

Due to the changed nature of atmospheric precipitation and an increasing water deficit, the possibilities of water retention where rainwater occurs have been more and more popular in recent decades. Yet, no comprehensive studies have been carried out in Poland to show the possibilities of economic use of water flowing out from roads, not only in terms of quantity but also quality. The aim of this paper is to present the findings of the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the surface runoff from an exemplary rest area (RA). The analysis followed the hydrodynamic method and was divided into two parts: runoff analysis and quality analysis related to the amount of the Total Suspended Solids (TSS) washed off from the analyzed RA during precipitation events. The findings prove that the case study RA is efficiently drained in terms of hydraulic conditions. The qualitative analysis showed that the concentration of the TSS exceeded the maximum acceptable level during all rainfall events. However, in-situ tests of the quantity and quality of rainwater from the RA are highly recommended.
Aeroacoustic Tonal Noise: Theoretical and Practical Approaches for Flow and Sound Analysis
Authors: Nagy P. T. , Szabó A. , Paál G. , Rucz P.
Published: December 2023

Aeroacoustic tonal noise, often caused by self-excited flow oscillations, represents a significant challenge in various engineering applications. One prominent example is the cavity tone, responsible for undesirable sound emissions from gaps found on the surfaces of vehicles, door gaps, and pantographs of trains. A similar configuration, known as the edge tone, appears in musical instruments. This paper aims at presenting a comprehensive framework consisting of practical and theoretical tools to analyze these complex flows and the resulting emitted sound. These tools can facilitate the development of mitigation strategies and the optimization of design parameters to minimize unwanted noise emissions.
Complex analytical transducer model of a permanent magnet synchronous motor for vibroacoustic applications
Authors: Kimpián Tibor , Augusztinovicz Fülöp
Published: December 2023

This paper presents the complex analytical transducer model of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) for vibroacoustic applications, meaning when the motor actually does not rotate but only the rotor oscillates with low amplitude around an equilibrium position relative to the stator. Using only two assumptions – sinusoidal air-gap flux density and evenly distributed winding – the single phase transducer model is introduced, which is then extended to cover motors with any number of phases. The article proposes adequate transducer symbols and transmission equations as well. In order to enhance the practical relevance of the proposed approach, it is shown that using complex amplitudes and appropriate phase shift vectors in the transducer equations, a complex parameter transducer model can be obtained for sinusoidal signals.
Symplectic time-domain finite element method (STD-FEM) extended with wave propagation in porous materials for automotive interior acoustic modeling
Authors: Huszty Csaba , Firtha Gergely , Izsák Ferenc
Published: December 2023

The prediction of sound field evolving inside automotive interiors has gained significant attention in recent years, both for acoustic design purposes and virtual reality applications. Recently, a novel numerical simulation method was proposed by the present authors termed as symplectic time-domain finite element method. This paper discusses the numerical method and its application for simulating sound fields inside vehicle interiors. The presented case study includes the effect of seat absorption and non-rigid boundaries by applying either locally reacting, or elastic surface models exhibiting extended reactivity.
The global long-term effects of storm surge flooding on human settlements in coastal areas
Authors: Kunze Sven , Strobl Eric A
Published: December 2023

People in low-lying coastal areas live under the great threat of damage due to coastal flooding from tropical cyclones. Understanding how coastal population settlements react to such events is of high importance for society to consider future adaptation strategies. Here we generate a new global hydrodynamic data set on tropical cyclone-generated storm surge flooding for the period 1851–2020. By combining this data with spatial data on human populations, we analyze the influence of the depth of storm surge flooding on the rural, urban, and total populations in low elevation coastal zones from 1941–2010. We find that in response to a one standard deviation increase in storm surge flooding depth (0.43 m), the exposed population in a

10
×
10

 km low elevation coastal zone decreases by around 970 individuals on average per decade. This reduction corresponds to 9% of the average population living in an exposed grid cell. Tropical cyclone generated wind speed and rainfall do not influence the relocation of coastal populations. The majority of the threatened population lives in Eastern, South–Eastern, and Southern Asia. We show that the exposed coastal population appears to have adapted over time by reducing its exposure in recent decades. This finding applies to all regions other than North America, Oceania, and Western Asia.
High ambient air pollution erodes the benefits of using clean cooking fuel in preventing low birth weight in India
Authors: Parchure Ritu , Chaudhary Ekta , Darak Shrinivas , Ghosh Santu , Kumar Alok , Dey Sagnik
Published: December 2023

A large fraction of the population in rural India continues to use biomass fuel for cooking and heating. In-utero exposure to the resulting household air pollution (HAP), is known to increase the risk of low birth weight (LBW). Mitigating HAP, by shifting to clean cooking fuel (CCF), is expected to minimize the risk associated with LBW. However, India also has high levels of ambient air pollution (AAP). Whether exposure to AAP modifies the effect of reducing HAP by switching to CCF on LBW is not known. The present study addressed this knowledge gap by analyzing the National Family Health Survey (2019–21) data of the most recent full-term, singleton, live births from rural households born after 2017 (n = 56 000). In-utero exposure to AAP was calculated from satellite-derived ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration at the level of the primary sampling unit for the pregnancy duration of the mothers. The moderation by ambient PM2.5 level on the odds of LBW among CCF users was examined by logistic regression analysis with interaction. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of LBW was 7% lower among users of CCF. At the lowest Decile (20–37 μg m−3) of ambient PM2.5 exposure, the aOR of LBW among CCF users was 0.83 (95% CI:0.81–0.85). At every 10th percentile increase in ambient PM2.5 exposure (in the range 21–144 μg m−3), aOR increased gradually, reaching the value of 1 at PM2.5 level of 93 μg m−3. Our results, therefore, suggest that the benefit of using CCF during pregnancy may be downgraded by moderate to high ambient PM2.5 exposure.
An Explanation of Lean Six Sigma Barriers: Malaysia Wastewater Treatment Chapter
Authors: Ishak A , Mohamad E , Arep H , Ito T
Published: December 2023

This study examines Lean Six Sigma (LSS) implementation challenges in Malaysian wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to enhance the sustainability. LSS, known for waste reduction through the “reduce, reuse, and recycle” (3R) principles and statistical process stability, has excelled in manufacturing but faces hurdles in WWTPs. The need arises to consolidate LSS knowledge and identify key barriers. Findings indicate that “Management Barriers” (MgtBars) significantly influence “Resource Barriers” (ResBars), “Knowledge Barriers” (KnwBars), and “Process Barriers” (PrcBars) with a p-value < 0.005. This emphasizes the urgency for skilled WWTP personnel to adopt LSS, thereby improving compliance and wastewater treatment service quality.
Evaluation of the distinct and uniformity of upland rice superior varieties candidates
Authors: Mustikarini Eries Dyah , Prayoga Gigih Ibnu , Santi Ratna , Yulisa
Published: December 2023

Rice production needs to be increased by using new superior varieties of upland rice. Currently, 5 promising lines of upland rice have been produced through plant breeding programs. Before being registered as a variety, plant variety canadidates must have distinct and uniform criteria. This research was conducted to determine distinctiveness, uniformity and recommendations for 5 promising lines as candidates for upland rice of new superior varieties. This research was conducted from August 2022 to March 2023 at the Experimental and Research Station, Universitas Bangka Belitung. The research material consists of 5 F8 lines and 5 comparison varieties. Data analysis used the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and uniformity test. The results of ANOVA test showed were significant differences in the characters of plant height, flag leaf length, panicle length, filled grain weight per clump, and 1000 grain weight. The promising lines show distinct characteristics of seed color, plant height, number of productive tillers, and panicle length. Narrow variability values indicate a high level of uniformity with the expected lines of uniformity ranging from 88-100%. Lines 23A-56-22-20-05 (brown rice) and 23A-56-20-07-20 (white rice) with high production are recommended as candidates for new superior varieties of upland rice.
Portable solar array technology in remote operation of electric-based vehicles for TNI vehicles
Authors: Fajry Z. A. , Ananda D. D. , Erwinda M. A. , Ariyanti D.
Published: December 2023

Indonesia’s geographical expanse, spanning from Sabang to Merauke, ensures a consistent and predictable supply of solar energy due to its perpetual shining period. This presents a significant opportunity for the country to embrace sustainable and renewable energy sources, with solar power being particularly advantageous given Indonesia’s tropical climate. However, the conversion of solar heat into electrical energy offers a compelling solution, enabling the utilization of portable solar arrays to meet the electricity requirements of military vehicle operations while simultaneously reducing reliance on fossil fuels. Solar thermal energy to electrical energy conversion requires efficient energy storage devices. Sodium batteries are more robust and eco-friendly. Moreover, portable solar panels can serve as an energy source for various military tasks, including powering tents and charging communication equipment. By incorporating solar energy into their operations, the Indonesian army can enhance their operational capabilities while reducing their dependence on conventional energy sources. In conclusion, capitalizing on Indonesia’s abundant sunlight and tropical climate through the deployment of portable solar arrays and sodium-based batteries presents a sustainable and reliable solution for meeting the energy needs of military operations. This approach enables the Indonesian army to effectively conduct their missions while simultaneously minimizing their environmental impact.
Study on microstructure and wear characteristics of carburized steel at different carburizing times using catalyst strombus turturella shell waste powders
Authors: Ramli  , Suhdi  , Rodiawan  , Wu Chung-Chun
Published: December 2023

The feasibility of strombus turturella or dog conch shell powder (DCSP) as a catalyst of the carburizing process was investigated. The microstructure and wear characteristics of carburized specimens at various carburizing times were determined and compared. The microstructures and chemical compositions of the carburized specimen were observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) machine with a detector energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The wear characteristics were detected by a Pin-on-disk wear testing machine. While the worn surface morphology of carburized specimens was examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) machine. The number of martensite structures of carburized specimens increased by increasing the carburization time from 3 to 12 hours. From the results, it is found that the volume loss value of 0.1 mm3, and wear depths value of 0.18 mm were obtained from carburized specimens prepared with 40% DCSP and carburizing time of 12 hours. This result is much better than that obtained by carburizing times of 6, and 3 hours, respectively. Moreover, the worn surface morphology results depicted that the carburized specimens for carburization times of 3, and 6 hours exhibit more severe spalling, wear debris, and extensive adhesion wear and grooves than that achieved of carburized specimens with a carburizing time of 12 hours. The results clearly showed that the wear characteristics of carburized specimens improved with increasing carburizing time.
Exploration of challenges and readiness MSMEs coffee business in the age of global trade based on carbon footprint (Ecolabel)
Authors: Handayani T , Purnamasari B D , Sakti A Y N , Septiani M , Wiloso E I , Sasongko N A
Published: December 2023

Indonesia’s export-oriented products and industries face technological barriers, especially agriculture, and plantations, to declare eco-label products in world trade competition. In fact, exports from this sector are one of the contributing factors to Indonesia’s GDP. The third rank of Indonesia’s mainstay agricultural and plantation sector export commodities is coffee. This study aims to comprehensively determine the challenges and readiness of coffee micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Java in the global trade era based on carbon footprint. This study uses in-depth interviews with 7 coffee MSME actors in West and East Java. We use SWOT analysis to explore strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The results showed that only 4 out of 7 coffee MSME actors knew about carbon footprint. This is due to limited knowledge of carbon reduction, carbon tax, and the advantage of the certification. Carbon footprint certification is considered an investment. Even though the certification process will be costly, meticulous, and lengthy, it can be an opportunity for the domestic products to be competitive with global products. The government must really know which business sectors will be subject to carbon tax so that they are right on target. They must consolidate with all related parties such as business owners, farmers, academics, and associations.
Implementing a green economy to support sustainable city: opportunities and challenges for ecopreneurs in South Tangerang City, Indonesia
Authors: Setiastuti N , Guntoro I , Pradnyapasa D A , Ariyanto N , Sugarmansyah U , Suryaningtyas A D , Utomo S , Rahman A
Published: December 2023

SME productivity and a green economy are part of the economic transformation strategy to achieve Indonesia’s Vision 2045. As an SME actor who pays attention to environmental aspects, ecopreneurs can play a role in increasing the achievement of a green economy in the region. This research aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges for ecopreneurs in realizing a green economy in South Tangerang City. The scope of this research is ecopreneurs in South Tangerang City. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive analysis method. Data collection methods involve field interviews, literature studies, and observation. This research proposes purposive sampling. The results show that the opportunity for ecopreneurs is to contribute to growing the regional economy, improve people’s lives by covering economic, social, and environmental aspects, increase the proportion of waste processing and recycling, and increase employment. While the challenge is the need for rapid adaptation according to consumer demands, strengthening the ability to meet business requirements, improving managerial skills, expanding networks, building partnerships, and cooperating with governments, associations, industry, and companies.
Springs occurrence and its geological controls in Sulamu, Central Fatuleu and West Fatuleu, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Adelin A N , Putra D P E , Pranantya P A
Published: December 2023

Springs are one of the water sources which can be used to meet the water needs of the community. Springs can be the main reliable source of water during the dry season in areas experiencing drought such as Kupang. This study aims to present observational data at the research area to find the relationship between the occurrence of springs and the geological conditions using field observation method for mapping the spring occurrence and its geological conditions. The results shows that there are 23 springs exist in the study area. The emergence of springs is generally found in limestone, which are 11 springs, then in conglomerate with 4 springs, 3 springs in the claystone, 3 springs in sandstone, 1 spring in schist, and 1 spring in alluvial. Based on the morphology, 8 springs found on hillsides, 8 springs at the foothills, 6 springs in the valley, and 1 spring on the alluvial plains. The largest discharge is 110.98 ℓ/s appears in limestone at the foothill (break of slope). Meanwhile, the spring with the smallest discharge, 0.04 𝓁/s, is located in claystone on the hillside. But most of all, the springs occurrence are related to fractures and dissolution holes in rocks.
Enhanced Biodegradation of Crude Oil in Seawater by Using Microbial Consortia
Authors: Zahari N Z , Tuah P M , Hung L P , Cleophas F N , Yatim A N M , Ali S A M
Published: December 2023

A biodegradation study was performed to assess the biodegradation of crude oil in seawater by consortium of Candida tropicalis RETL-Cr1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa BAS-Cr1 and Chromobacterium violaceum MAB-Cr1. Two independent experiments using different growth substrates, 5 mM glucose and 5% (v/v) crude oil, were undertaken to compare the microbial growth profile. The study was carried out using shake flask culture at 30°C, agitated 200 rpm. Microbial growth profile was monitored by measuring the optical density (OD600) on hourly and weekly basis. Biodegradation efficiency and rate were quantified by comparing the initial and final crude oil concentration, whereas the degradation of selected aliphatic hydrocarbons was quantified by comparing the initial and final area in chromatogram. The biodegradation ratios were monitored using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Present finding showed that glucose was completely utilized at T10. However, the consortia can growth in crude oil even after 28 days. Overall biodegradation efficiency is 69.74% while the overall biodegradation rate is 24.85 g/L/d. The consortia could degrade 37% of n-alkane in crude oil after 28 days. Besides, biodegradation ratios shown that biodegradation had took place throughout the degradation period. It can be concluded that the consortia have high potential to degrade crude oil efficiently.
Observing the management of palm-oil gasoline development in Indonesia: alternative policy selection
Authors: Maninggar N , Firmansyah R , Pertiwi R , Nurzal E R , Warsono S Y , Sofyan Y
Published: December 2023

The creating of new renewable energy by converting fossil fuels into biofuels is a wise solution for reducing emissions. Palm-oil gasoline, relatively unknown alternative fuel for replacing gasoline, has begun to be produced in Indonesia. As the world’s largest Crude Palm Oil (CPO) producer, Indonesia has the potential to become a best practice for palm-oil gasoline development, particularly in terms of production management. There are three ways to manage palm-oil gasoline production i.e: integration of palm-oil gasoline factories with smallholder farms, co-processing, and a mixture of the two. This paper aims to assess the preparedness of the three alternatives and provide policy recommendations for the development of palm-oil gasoline in Indonesia. Data collection were conducted in 2022 through in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion with a variety of energy experts. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach was used to analyse the data, using 5 alternative selection criteria, including: governance, fuel oil import substitution, local content use, stakeholder acceptance of the project, and impact on community. As a result, impact on community criteria are the most considered factor in palm-oil gasoline production and the integration of palm-oil gasoline factories with smallholder farms is the optimum development option.
Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4/SiO2/Alginate photocatalyst from tin tailings for batik cual waste degradation
Authors: Andini D E , Fabiani V A , Putri R E
Published: December 2023

Fe3O4/SiO2/Alginate as photocatalyst for degradation of Batik Cual Waste has been synthesized. This study aimed to determine the degradation of cual batik waste using Fe3O4/SiO2/Alginate photocatalyst assisted by UV-C light. In this research, Fe3O4 was synthesized through the coprecipitation method, then coated with SiO2 and sodium alginate The source of SiO2 used comes from tin tailings sand. SiO2 content in tin tailings is 87.45%. UV DRS analysis showed that the band gap energies of SiO2, Fe3O4, Fe3O4/SiO2, Fe3O4/SiO2/Alginate were 1.76 eV, 1.61 eV, 2.04 eV and 1.59 eV, respectively. XRD analysis showed that the Fe3O4/SiO2 composite was successfully formed in the presence of typical diffraction peaks for silica quartz and magnetite on the composite diffractogram. Based on the percent degradation data, it was obtained that the optimal degradation time using the Fe3O4/SiO2/Alginate composite was 96.73% at 30 minutes.
Analysis of mangrove litter production and carbon stock in Sukamandi Village, Belitung Timur Regency
Authors: Farhaby AM , Sapriyadi  , Henri  , Arizona MO
Published: December 2023

This study examined the litter production and carbon stock in the mangrove forest of Sukamandi Village in Belitung Timur Regency. The research identified 10 mangrove species in the area and found that the highest litter biomass was recorded at 6x10-8 ton/ha in station III. The organic material content varied across stations, with the highest value observed in station III. The carbon content of mangrove litter was relatively low due to its composition. The study emphasizes the significance of mangrove ecosystems in carbon sequestration and underscores the need for conservation efforts in Sukamandi Village. The variations in leaf litter production in the mangrove forest are influenced by factors such as mangrove density, plant age, and fertility. Leaf litter production is higher in areas with greater tree density and varies among different mangrove species. Natural factors like weather conditions, wind direction and speed, and movements of living organisms can also impact leaf litter production. The average leaf litter production rate in Sukamandi Village is 258.81 gr/m2/month or 8.62 gr/m2/day. The carbon content in mangrove leaf litter is relatively low due to its composition, which primarily consists of water and mineral nutrients.
Mechanical properties Of Biocomposite Based On PVA Reinforced Phytoplankton For eco-friendly materials
Authors: Ariksa J , Wijianti E S , Setiawan Y , Saparin
Published: December 2023

The scientific advances and new technologies are made along with people’s increasing understanding of the environment. Eco-friendly has become the most important feature as a result of various scientific investigations and new products. This research is to produce a PVA biocomposite reinforced with phytoplankton (PP) that has good mechanical strength and is environmentally friendly. This biocomposite will be manufactured using the die casting method. The composition variation used in this study involves various comparisons between PVA material and phytoplankton reinforcement (PP) with compositions of 1gr, 1.5gr, and 2gr. These materials were then mixed using distilled water in a certain proportion (100 ml) after the PVA was dissolved. The findings demonstrated that the tensile characteristics tensile strength of the PVA matrix were significantly affected by the addition of PP. The findings of the research include the conclusion that, when compared to other composition variations, the biocomposite composition with 2 gr PP exhibits the best performance. The biocomposite exhibited a tensile strength of 39.1 MPa, indicating that the material has high enough mechanical strength for certain applications. These findings suggest that phytoplankton PVA biocomposites have potential as an environmentally friendly material alternative that has adequate mechanical properties. The use of phytoplankton as reinforcement is an example of how natural materials can be utilized to replace or reduce the use of synthetic materials that are more detrimental to the environment. This biocomposite can be a potential eco-friendly plastic with continued development.
Environmental rescue by local initiatives in Bangka Belitung
Authors: Murtasidin B , Robing R , Ansyari I , Zulkarnain I
Published: December 2023

As the greatest tin producer in Indonesia, Bangka Belitung has been associated with environmental degradation problems. The main cause of these problems is tin deregulation, from state monopoly to autonomy in tin management. Moreover, mining activity has degraded the habitat. These problems lead society, individually or in community, to be more aware of protecting ecosystems. The communities is located in Bangka Belitung. On this research, we will focus on analyzing the environmental rescue activity of two primary figures, Mr. Toha and BECAK (Bangka Environment Creative Activist of Kawa), which will be discussed in Deep Ecology by Arne Naess. The findings show that amid the environmental damage caused by massive lead mining, these local initiatives had a significant impact on environmental conservation in Bangka Belitung. Through the cultivation of mangroves and coastal ecosystem preservation, Mr. Toha managed to prevent further damage and create sustainable habitats for various species. The BECAK community also plays an active role in implementing educational activities, waste management, and environmental advocacy, which influence local environmental policies. In the context of Deep Ecology theory, these two local initiatives reflect Arne Naess’s principles, such as recognition of biodiversity, active participation in society, and the relationship between man and nature.
Blue economy versus sea mining: A model of sea territory management that synergized economic growth and sustainable development
Authors: Zukhri N , Rosalina E , Christianingrum C
Published: December 2023

Bangka Belitung Province is an archipelago that has sea areas that need to be managed. The management of this sea area is a hard job for the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Bangka Belitung Province is a producer of tin as a driving force for economic growth. Economic growth is the goal of implementing sustainable development. This study aims to plan a management model for tin-producing marine areas. Management of sea areas of tin-producing areas as a locomotive for economic growth. Where this economic growth still pays attention to sustainable development. The method used in this study is qualitative. There are three data collection techniques interviews, literature review, and observation. The research results are in the form of an appropriate model to be used as a recommendation for the Regional Government. We use this reference to increase economic growth. Regional economic growth still pays attention to the realization of sustainable development. The selection of informants in this study used purposive and snowball sampling methods. The results of the study found that the Bangka Belitung Islands Province Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2020. It is about Zoning Plans for Coastal Areas and Small Islands. That rule should be used as a basis for formulating a Management Model for marine areas in Bangka Belitung. Another finding from this study is the formulation of economic sectors. The Blue Economy in supporting the realization of sustainable development. There is a need for synergy from all stakeholders to put in place PERDA No. 3 of 2020.
Behavioral-alike model-driven for the power demand of battery swapping stations in supporting two and three-wheeled electrification in the new capital city of Indonesia
Authors: Syamroni A W , Dinanta G P , Jamaluddin T A A , Kurniasari A
Published: December 2023

An integrated transportation system envisages (near) zero-emission for public and private vehicles toward sustainable and accessible urban mobility as a committed strategy for Indonesia’s new capital city (INCC). Electric mobility (e-mobility) is therefore aligned with the government’s climate mitigation commitment. Proposing an evidence-based solution for the refueling approach, battery swapping technology is considered due to its modularity of ‘plug and play’ (PnP) and cost-effective upfront investment, i.e., modular battery swapping point (MBSP) for two|three-wheeled e-mobility. However, due to the uncertainty and insufficient preliminary data on the number of rolled-out units, intended location, and allocation, the planning process of the supporting infrastructure in the early stages of transition is mostly hampered. Meanwhile, using common assumptions or averaging measures may lead to substantial disparities, risking the initiatives for cost-shared infrastructure spending. Therefore, constructing a framework model of a behavior-alike of MBSP is imperative. The framework has a distinct advantage in generating the time series of power demand profiles over the unknown parameters, i.e., the battery pack (BP) properties, user tendencies of fetching and filling cycles, and tailor-made intentions exploiting the predictive Monte Carlo (PMC) method. This work aims to contribute insight to stakeholders, policymakers, and operators and disseminate relevant planning research.
Diversity of soil mesofauna at various ages of post-tin mining reclamation land on Bangka Island
Authors: Pertiwi  , Inonu I , Apriyadi R
Published: December 2023

Soil mesofauna can be used as an indicator of soil fertility on post-tin mining reclamation land. The diversity of soil mesofauna depends on climatic conditions and soil characteristics at its habitat. The purpose of this study were to determine the diversity of soil mesofauna at various ages of post-tin mining reclamation on Bangka Island and to determine the relationship of soil mesofauna diversity at various ages of post-tin mining reclamation land on Bangka Island with the soil characteristics. This research was carried out in January-March 2021 in reclamation land with different ages (2 years, 4 years, 6 years and 26 years) and forest site as control (comparison data). The method used is a survey method and sampling with a stratified random sampling method using pifall trap. The results showed that the diversity of soil mesofauna in reclamation aged 2 years, 4 years and 6 years, and control forest was in the medium category while the 26 years old reclamation land indicated as low diversity. The age of reclamation affects the soil mesofauna’s diversity index, the higher the age of reclamation land have higher diversity index, except for the 26 years old reclamation. The soil mesofauna diversity index has a very high correlation with soil and air moisture, a very low correlation with air temperature, a moderate correlation between air temperature and soil pH, while the C-organic content is opposite or negatively correlated with the diversity index and evenness index of the soil mesofauna.
Synthesis and characterization of microcrystals cellulose from citronella waste (Cymbopogon nardus L.) as a filler in graphene oxide
Authors: Fabiani V A , Indriawati A , Andini D E , Sari S A P , Asriza R O
Published: December 2023

One of the energy storage materials that is interesting to research is graphene-based. Electrodes from multiple layers of graphene oxide can produce dense porous materials capable of trapping charged ions of various sizes. Graphene-based materials generally need to be composited to prevent layer buildup, resulting in less than optimal energy storage characteristics. Microcrystal cellulose should be added to reduce the formation of the graphene layer and increase the pore size. Microcrystal cellulose are produced by decomposing and separating the parts of natural cellulose crystals. One type of grass in Bangka Belitung is the citronella (Cymbopogon nardus). The cellulose yield from citronella waste is 22%. Based on FTIR spectroscopy, there are typical functional groups of cellulose such as C=O, C-H, C-O, and C-O-C groups. The size of the cellulose microcrystals obtained is 49.47 µm.
Thermal and daylighting evaluation: the basic of energy efficient house design at the earliest stages
Authors: Alfani  , Fitriaty P , Malik S M
Published: December 2023

The increase in electrical energy used in residential buildings is due to their designs being less responsive to the local climate. This research aims to analyse the implementation of energy efficient house design principles for the tropical, hilly area. The tropical, hilly area has distinctive climate characteristics compared to the lowland tropical area. Thus, it resulted in many challenges in providing internal comfort conditions for the occupants by architectural design only. Palu, Sulawesi Tengah Province of Indonesia, was selected as the case study location. The analyses were carried out by modelling three sample houses and simulating their daylighting and natural ventilation condition. Three house models were built considering several design parameters such as house orientation, geometry, plan, type and position of the openings. Simulations settings included different building materials, the number of occupants, operational schedules and electricity usage schedules. The operative temperature was used for thermal analysis. Meanwhile, spatial daylight Autonomy (sDA) of 100/50% was used for daylighting analysis. The result of the study provided the visualisations of thermal and daylighting conditions for each sample model. Design models of energy efficient houses suitable for the tropical hilly area were also recommended.
Derivation of geomagnetic field to determine geothermal flow at Terak, Bangka Belitung
Authors: Kusmita T , Kumala S A , Agustin N , Widyaningrum Y , Tiandho Y , Oktaviyani S
Published: December 2023

The Geothermal system on Bangka Belitung islands are characterised to a radiogenic type of non-volcanic geothermal energy. The presence of geothermal energy in this region can be attributed to the geological characteristics of granite rocks, which undergo processes such as fracturing, folding, or faulting. The primary objective of this study is to figure out the subsurface heat flow patterns within the geothermal region of Terak. The process of collecting data was conducted via a Proton Precession Magnetometer (PPM) instrument, which consisted of a track of 2.5 kilometres in length. The determination of subsurface heat flow patterns in total magnetic anomaly, regional anomaly, and residual anomaly was achieved through the application of the First Horizontal Derivative (FHD) and Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) algorithms. The findings indicate the presence of a subsurface heat flow pattern in the eastern region, which spreads towards the southeast and further extends to the southwest. Notably, this pattern is characterised by abnormal depths ranging from about 20 to 130 metres beneath the surface. The observed phenomenon was in line with the consistent occurrence of geothermal manifestations in the region.
High porosity activated carbon developed from biomass waste
Authors: Aldila H , Puspita I , Arsyadi A , Afriani F , Megiyo
Published: December 2023

The biomass waste (Bw) are abundant and high potential as an activated carbon (AC) precursors. In this study, Bw has been converted to biomass waste AC (BwAC) via chemical-physical activation from ketapang, coconut, candlenut shell, and pepper husk carbon precursors immersed in chemical activator with H3PO4then pyrolysis at 650°C. The influence of Bw sources on the pore structure development was investigated and discussed. Coconut shell carbon precursors successfully convert to activated carbon with the highest surface area and pore volume relative to the others. Lignocellulosic content plays an important role. The high lignocellulosic content has the most appropriate structure for porosity development, especially microporosity.
A simple method of fabricating activated carbon-based supercapacitor electrode sheets
Authors: Kurniawan W B
Published: December 2023

Pepper shell waste is a side effect of relatively untapped pepper production. In this research, activated carbon from pepper shell waste was made using the chemical activator ZnCl2 and followed by physical activation using nitrogen gas (N2). The resulting activated carbon is then printed into supercapacitor electrode sheets by adding carbon black, PVDF, and NMP by varying the composition between activated carbon and carbon black. The performance of the fabricated electrode sheets was then tested using the Galvanostatic Charge Discharge (GCD) method. The results show that the addition of carbon black affects the specific capacitance value of the fabricated electrode sheet. The GCD results show that the sample has a specific capacitance value of 13.64 F/g.
Silver nanoparticle-based biosensor as a rapid test for the detection 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in cooking oil
Authors: Mahardika R G , Putri F A , Syarmila  , Rizal F , Guskarnali  , Henri
Published: December 2023

One of the toxic compounds that are carcinogenic (cancer causing) in food is chloropropanol compound. These compounds are currently of great concern considering the increasing number of cancer and kidney failure sufferers in the world apart from degenerative diseases. Derivatives of these compounds are widely found in food ingredients, such as vegetable oils, baby food, smoked fish, infant formula, processed soybeans, margarine, cereals, soy sauce, and others. ). There are several types of chloropropanol compounds with one or two chlorine atoms in glycerol at position 1 or 2 such as 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD). Therefore, early prevention is needed for further treatment through the detection of 3-MCPD in cooking oil. The development that will be carried out is a silver nanoparticle-based biosensor combined with colorimetric. The method used to obtain a suitable biosensor is by synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coated with cystein. The content of 3-MCPD in the new oil is 2,828 µg/Kg. Meanwhile, used cooking oil has a higher content of 3-MCPD, that is as much 19,042 µg/Kg. This value exceeds the maximum limit set by the European Commission (EC), which is 1,250 µg/Kg for oils/fats sourced from coconut, corn, sunflower, palm kernel oil and olive oil.