bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estratégia de Resiliência e Território: atuação de Salvador no enfrentamento a pandemias
Authors: Ventura Andréa Cardoso , Silva Tássio Santos , Carvalho Clarice Araújo
Published: May 2022

A necessidade de preparar-se para eventos futuros vem levando cidades de todo o mundo – entre elas, Salvador, na Bahia – a elaborarem e implementarem suas estratégias de resiliência; planejamentos a longo prazo em busca de um desenvolvimento que seja, de fato, sustentável. Entretanto, no ano de 2020, o planeta foi surpreendido pela Pandemia do COVID-19. Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como Salvador elaborou sua estratégia para enfrentamento de eventos extremos ligados à saúde e como lidou com a situação na prática, ao surgir a situação de emergência.  A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de revisão bibliográfica voltada à resiliência, pandemias e territórios, assim como da análise de conteúdo do documento Plano Salvador Resiliente e do site Salvador contra o Coronavírus. Foi possível constatar que, não obstante a cidade não tenha se preparado expressamente em relação a epidemias e pandemias em suas estratégias de longo prazo, quando do surgimento de uma emergência em saúde, foi capaz de incorporar os princípios ali definidos para uma ação emergencial que considerou as vulnerabilidades sociais identificadas no território.
Administração Política do Espaço Geográfico: análise da capacidade de gestão da pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Ribeiro Elizabeth Matos , Silva Emerson de Sousa , Santos Reginaldo Souza , Ribeiro Mônica Matos
Published: May 2022

Este ensaio busca estabelecer conexões interdisciplinares entre os conceitos de Administração Política e Geografia Política com vistas a analisar a Administração Política do Espaço Geográfico no contexto da Pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil.  Esse esforço tem um objetivo duplo: (i) analisar as formas de Gestão das relações socioespaciais de produção, considerando os cenários e perspectivas impostos pela crise sanitária e socioeconômica; e (ii) promover um diálogo auspicioso entre os textos inaugurais do campo da Administração Política com o pensamento/ensinamentos do geógrafo brasileiro e baiano, Milton Santos.  Utilizou-se o método comparativo para cotejar as duas abordagens teóricas, de modo a identificar possíveis conexões entre os dois campos de conhecimento fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de novos estudos na área de Desenvolvimento e Gestão Social. Como resultado desse esforço acadêmico, foi possível identificar que a justaposição desses dois corpos teóricos permitiu identificar aspectos que caracterizam a Administração Política do Espaço Geográfico, sustentada na evolução temporal e topológica da Organização Espacial como base para analisar os impactos impostos pela Pandemia.
Leituras e releituras de O Coração das Trevas em tempos de pós-modernismo.
Authors: Gryszczenko Alves Gomes Raquel
Published: May 2022

Recentes interpretações do romance O Coração das Trevas, de Joseph Conrad, argumentam que o literato polonês, apesar de seu conhecido engajamento na luta contra as atrocidades da ação imperialista no continente africano, não teria conseguido deixarde refletir, em seu texto, boa parte dos preconceitos da época em relação àquele território. O objetivo deste trabalho é resgatar, na leitura do romance, pontos que possam corroborar com a idéia de que este romance de Conrad é, sim, uma bandeira fundamental na denúncia da insanidade da ação imperialista.
Resistência entre as letras do discurso: índios e negros na província do Pará
Authors: Anderson de Araújo Silva Thomaz
Published: May 2022

A imprensa do século XIX, geralmente estava vinculada a algum partido ou facção política. Essa espécie de jornalismo político a transformara em extensão da tribuna. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é elucidar ações empreendidas tanto pelo indígena, quanto pelo Negro ao longo do Oitocentos, percebidas nos discursos presentes em periódicos e analisados a partir das reflexões de Mikhail Bakhtin sobre o caráter dialógico do discurso. Este artigo, procura observar estes objetos não enquanto meras vítimas, subjugadas pelo colonizador, mas sim, enquanto sujeitos ativos do processo histórico. Os jornais aparecem como pedaços de significação, reveladores de fragmentos sociais e de facetas que o universo imperial paraense obtinha.
Em busca da Nova História Cultural de Burke
Authors: Cabral Honor André
Published: May 2022

Resenha do livro BURKE, Peter. O que é História Cultural?  Trad. Sérgio Góes de Paula. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar, 2005.
O lugar maldito: discurso sobre o valor do lugar
Authors: De Moura Fonseca Roberto
Published: May 2022

O lugar da geografia, o lugar da arquitetura, o lugar da economia, o lugar da história e o lugar da antropologia estão todos no lugar da [in]disciplina do discurso sobre o lugar sagrado, sobre o lugar maldito, que demarca o lugar cartografado, o lugar construído, o lugar útil, o lugar lembrado e o lugar simbólico.
Carlos Lacerda, Juscelino Kubitschek, João Goulart e a frente ampla de oposição ao Regime Militar (1966-1968)
Authors: De Paiva Delgado Márcio
Published: May 2022

Em meados de 1966, lacerdistas, juscelinistas, janguistas e alguns comunistas ligados a Luis Carlos Prestes buscaram efetivar uma frente de oposição ao regime militar. Das negociações, nasce o Manifesto da Frente Ampla, em outubro de 1966. Omanifesto, amplamente divulgado na imprensa nacional, pedia a volta da democracia no Brasil e o fim da ditadura de maneira pacífica e baseada na conciliação. A Frente Ampla foi fechada e proibida qualquer manifestação de apoio pelo governo militar nosprimeiros meses 1968, que culminaria com o AI-5 e total fechamento do regime.
Intrépido e incansável: a atuação educacional de Eliseu Coroli em Bragança - Pará, na primeira metade do século XX
Authors: Benedito Rodrigues Nonato da Silva Dário , Do Socorro Rotterdan Oleto Leila
Published: May 2022

Este artigo apresenta parte da atuação educacional de Dom Eliseu Maria Coroli em Bragança, Pará, entre fatos marcantes, intenções e contrariedades. Procura analisar parte de uma farta documentação através da História Social e Cultural, dentrodo contexto educacional da primeira metade do século XX em torno da figura do bispo, no cruzamento com relatos orais, dados pessoais, jornais e as relações sociais construídas o que acaba por discutir sua biografia para compreender o legado de seuperfil religioso e educacional. A escrita do artigo foi conduzida através da análise dos fatos que estão encerrados nos documentos, cruzando-os com as informações em entrevistas e memórias de sujeitos que conviveram com Eliseu Coroli e que construíram uma impressão sobre o bispo e suas atuação na História da Educação em Bragança, Pará.
“Defendamos a natureza!”: a retórica de Henriques Luiz Roessler
Authors: Malta Pereira Elenita
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo, realizamos a análise retórica de uma palestra proferida por Henrique Luiz Roessler, em 05 de setembro de 1957, na escola Fundação Evangélica, em Novo Hamburgo, no Rio Grande do Sul, sobre a necessidade de conservação dos recursos naturais brasileiros. Nosso objetivo é investigar o ethos, o pathos e, principalmente, o logos utilizados pelo orador. Podemos perceber que Roessler provoca sentimentos e utiliza uma série de argumentos em sua fala com o intuito de conseguir a adesão da plateia, assim como de convencê-la da importância de preservar a natureza.
Casamento e dote: costumes entrelaçados na sociedade da Vila de Nova do Príncipe (1759-1795)
Authors: Da Silva Santos Rosenilson
Published: May 2022

A prática da dotação já era um costume antigo nas sociedades européias antes mesmo da formação da América Portuguesa e, a exemplo de outras práticas, atravessou o Atlântico rumo ao novo continente. Neste texto, usando-se de inventários post-mortene testamentos pertencentes ao Fundo da Comarca de Caicó/1º Cartório Judiciário, buscamos saber como essa prática sobreviveu em nosso recorte espaço-temporal. Nosso objetivo é problematizar a concessão de dotes, por ocasião de matrimônio, na sociedade formada no sertão da Capitania do Rio Grande entre 1759 e 1795.
Ativismo em defesa dos animais nas Histórias em Quadinhos da decada de 1980: análise do caso “homem animal”
Authors: dos Santos Rodrigues Márcio
Published: May 2022

Neste estudo enfatizamos as possíveis vinculações entre o ativismo em defesa dos direitos dos Animais não humanos e os quadrinhos norte-americanos da década de 1980. Para tanto, tomamos como testemunho algumas das 26 edições escritas peloroteirista escocês Grant Morrison para Animal Man, originalmente publicadas entre 1988 e 1990. O objetivo deste debate é o de perceber em que medida a série de Morrison se configura como um ato político, ao se inscrever em um terreno de disputa enegociação que reproduz em nível cultural os dilemas e paradoxos em torno do direitos dos animais.
Viagens ultramarinas: monarcas, vassalos e governo a distância
Authors: Leonardo de Sousa Oliveira Rodrigo
Published: May 2022

Resenha da obra: RAMINELLI, Ronald. Viagens Ultramarinas: Monarcas, vassalos e governo a distância. SP, Editora Alameda, 2008, 312.
Sobrevivências, objetividade e ficção
Authors: Pereira Lucésia
Published: May 2022

Resenha do livro MUSSA. Alberto. Meu destino é ser onça. Rio de Janeiro - São Paulo: Editora Record, 2009, 272 pp
“Cada palavra guarda uma cilada”: literatura, contracultura e juventude no Piauí na década de 1970
Authors: Lene Lima Brandão Laura , De Jesus Mesquita Queiroz Teresinha
Published: May 2022

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as diversas manifestações contraculturais e essencialmente juvenis nas décadas de 1970 no Piauí. Utilizando as múltiplas produções artísticas da dita “Geração do Mimeógrafo”, pretende-se entender as transgressões cotidianas e anti-disciplinares de jovens descontentes com os limites impostos pela ditadura militar e pela vigilância social. O cinema, a literatura e a imprensa marginal compõem o aporte documental à medida que as ações dissidentes desses jovens desembocaram em uma antiestética evidenciada nessas produções. Os objetivos gravitam em torno de compreender como essa parcela da juventude atuava através da arte e do investimento do corpo para criar micropolíticas de resistência e engendrar suas subjetividades, como eles consumiam e vivenciavam a cidade e como a arte foi entendida e praticada por esses indivíduos e qual a importância na construção de suas identidades e de seu cotidiano.
Narrativas de fobos e prognósticos do porvir: escrituras de uma história do medo das secas no Nordeste e na comunidade Retiro – Barra de Santana – PB
Authors: Paulo Karol Guerra Araújo João , Guerra Araújo Janduy
Published: May 2022

Neste artigo, pretendemos investigar algumas representações do medo das secas no Nordeste e na comunidade rural Retiro, município de Barra de Santana, PB. Primeiramente, fizemos um percurso sobre diversas escritas do século XX, incluindo àsliterárias, tentando demonstrar que, ao lado dos cenários de seca que passaram a projetar uma imagem do Nordeste, emergiram também outras representações, incluindo-se o medo das secas. Depois, investigamos algumas representações desse medo da(des)ordem das secas na comunidade Retiro. Nesse cenário, tentamos compreender as práticas tradicionais de previsão do tempo vindouro, bem como a apropriação, pelos moradores, das previsões meteorológicas. Verificamos nessa escrita que os prognósticos do porvir estão inscritos em uma história das sensibilidades e do medo de condições climáticas adversas, especialmente às secas.
Efeminação em escritos do século XIX: anotações prévias de um problema (1853-1896)
Authors: Vital dos Santos Silva Daniel
Published: May 2022

No século XIX, a categoria de “efeminação” surgiu aqui e ali como uma característica negativa ostentada de certos indivíduos do gênero masculino em diversos tipos de documentos. Tanto nos jornais quanto nos romances, bem como em teses dedouramento dos jovens médicos, uma descrição nada lisonjeira acompanhou os homens que agiram, falaram, se vestiram ou se comportaram como integrantes do gênero oposto. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar vários enquadramentos de sujeitosconsiderados efeminados em diferentes fontes, e as conexões e diferenças entre estas categorizações que povoavam o imaginário do império brasileiro.
Bringing back the Manchester Argus Coenonympha tullia ssp. davus (Fabricius, 1777): Quantifying the habitat resource requirements to inform the successful reintroduction of a specialist peatland butterfly
Authors: Osborne Andrew , Longden Mike , Bourke David , Coulthard Emma
Published: May 2022

The period 2021–2030 has been designated the UN decade of ecosystem restoration. A landscape‐scale peatland restoration project is being undertaken on Chat Moss, Greater Manchester, UK, with conservation translocations an important component of this work. The Manchester Argus Coenonympha tullia ssp. davus, a specialist butterfly of lowland raised bogs in the northwest of England, UK is under threat due to severe habitat loss and degradation. A species reintroduction was planned for spring 2020.

This study aimed to quantify the resource thresholds for C. tullia, in order to assess potential risks for the project. Thirteen peatland habitat patches with either recent historic or current C. tullia populations were surveyed for biotic and abiotic factors based on previous qualitative research on the species’ requirements.

Percentage cover of two habitat resources was found to be the strongest predictor in models of C. tullia presence: cross‐leaved heath Erica tetralix and hair's‐tail cotton‐sedge Eriophorum vaginatum.

Critical inflection points on logistic regression curves were used to make quantitative estimates of the minimum requirement of each resource for population survival and the near‐optimum abundance of each resource.

The results of this study improve our understanding of C. tullia’s ecology and the restoration of peatlands for its reintroduction. Additionally, the method has wider utility for the quantitative assessment of habitat readiness before attempting species reintroductions.
Semi‐Immobilized Ionic Liquid Regulator with Fast Kinetics toward Highly Stable Zinc Anode under −35 to 60 °C
Authors: Zhao Ming , Rong Junfeng , Huo Feng , Lv Yanqun , Yue Bowen , Xiao Ying , Chen Yong , Hou Guolin , Qiu Jieshan , Chen Shimou
Published: May 2022

Aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) have been extensively investigated as a next‐generation energy storage system due to their high safety and low cost. However, the critical issues of irregular dendrite growth and intricate side reactions severely restrict the further industrialization of ZIBs. Here, a strategy to fabricate a semi‐immobilized ionic liquid interface layer is proposed to protect the Zn anode over a wide temperature range from −35 to 60 °C. The immobilized SiO2@cation can form high conjugate racks that can regulate the Zn2+ concentration gradient and self‐polarizing electric field to guarantee uniform nucleation and planar deposition; the free anions of the ILs can weaken the hydrogen bonds of the water to promote rapid Zn2+ desolvation and accelerate ion‐transport kinetics simultaneously. Because of these unique advantages, the cycling performance of the symmetric Zn batteries is greatly enhanced, evidenced by a cycling life of 1800 h at 20 mA cm−2, and a cycle lifespan of 2000 h under a wide temperature window from −35 to 60 °C. The efficiency of this semi‐immobilizing strategy is well demonstrated in various full cells including pouch cells, showing high performance at large current (20 A g−1) and wide temperatures with extra‐long cycles up to 80 000 cycles.
High‐Efficiency and Narrowband OLEDs from Blue to Yellow with Ternary Boron/Nitrogen‐Based Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Emitters
Authors: Luo Xu‐Feng , Ni Hua‐Xiu , Lv An‐Qi , Yao Xiao‐Kang , Ma Hui‐Li , Zheng You‐Xuan
Published: May 2022

The development of boron/nitrogen‐based polycyclic heteroaromatic emitters with multiple‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) property can efficiently promote the advancement of high‐efficiency organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with narrowband emission. Herein, a simple strategy to achieve four ternary boron/nitrogen‐based polycyclic heteroaromatic emitters (SBON, SBSN, DBON, and DBSN) from pure blue (463 nm) to yellow (553 nm) via tuning the coordination between B/N and heteroatom (O or S) is demonstrated, aiming to increase charge transfer delocalization of the polycyclic heteroaromatic emitters and adjust photo‐physical properties. This strategy endows the four emitters with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 24, 27, 20, and 28 nm, respectively. Additionally, double‐boron type green and yellow narrowband emitters (DBON and DBSN) possess 98% photoluminescence efficiencies in doped films. Besides, considerable rate constants of reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) are achieved because of the small singlet–triplet excited state energy gap and large spin–orbit coupling values. Consequently, the OLEDs covering from blue to yellow based on these emitters show the maximum external quantum efficiency of 13.7%, 17.6%, 26.7%, and 21.8%, respectively, with low‐efficiency roll‐off. These results provide a feasible design strategy to construct boron/nitrogen‐based polycyclic heteroaromatic MR‐TADF emitters for efficient OLEDs with color‐tuning electroluminescence.
Photoluminescence and Lasing of Cs4PbBr6 Micro‐Flakes and Micro‐Flowers with Embedded CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals
Authors: Qiao Yu , Li Yanan , Huang Yanwei , Dong Hongliang , Wang Qiangqiang , Xie Wei , Zeng Heping
Published: May 2022

Herein, a controlled synthesis route with precise growth tunability of perovskite Cs4PbBr6 micro‐flakes and micro‐flowers with embedded CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (Cs4PbBr6@CsPbBr3) is elaborated. This room‐temperature synthesis scheme initiates the nucleation and growth process of the majority crystalline phase of Cs4PbBr6 with a few CsPbBr3 impurities as confirmed by the X‐ray diffraction studies. The microstructures and shape control are further investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results depict hexagonal Cs4PbBr6 micro‐flakes with embedded CsPbBr3 that can spontaneously self‐assemble into micro‐flowers with varying external conditions. This approach gives access to perovskite semiconductors with both structural and excellent optical properties by correlating the dimensionality with quantum confinement effects. The photoluminescence, absorption, and time‐resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy confirm that such as‐synthesized materials exhibit bright green emission with an optical bandgap of 2.3 eV. Lasing action is obtained under an excitation wavelength of 400 nm at 10 K where the light intensity and lifetime are examined at different pump fluences. There exist two linear regions corresponding to spontaneous emission and lasing, respectively. The lower lasing threshold of 27 μJ cm−2 per pulse is obtained and the corresponding Q factor is estimated to be 1090.
Drop‐Casting Halide Microcrystals Enabled by Green Glycol Solvent for High‐Performance Photodetectors
Authors: Lai Zhengxun , Wang Fei , Meng You , Bu Xiuming , Chen Dong , Li Dengji , Wang Wei , Liu Chuntai , Yip SenPo , Ho Johnny C.
Published: May 2022

Halide perovskites have attracted significant recent attention due to their remarkable photoelectric properties; however, the poor structural and moisture stability limit their use for practical utilization. Interestingly, binary halides, such as BiI3 and PbI2, are the typical constituents of halide perovskites, where they do not only have the similar outstanding properties of perovskites but also the superior stability. Herein, the synthesis of layered BiI3 and PbI2 microcrystals by simple drop‐casting is investigated and their enhanced photoelectric performance compared to the thin‐film counterparts obtained by conventional spin‐coating is demonstrated. For the formation of high‐quality layered microcrystals, the keys are adopting glycol as a green solvent and appropriate temperature during processing. Once configured into photodetectors, the BiI3 and PbI2 microcrystals exhibit a higher photocurrent, on/off current ratio, responsivity, and other performance parameters than their thin‐film devices. These improved performances of microcrystals can be attributed to their superior crystallinity, thanks to the excellent solvent properties of glycol and the optimal growth temperature chosen. This work proposes a more simple and effective solution processing technique to fabricate layered binary halides with higher quality than the conventional spin‐coating method, enabling the further development of halides‐based optoelectronic devices.
TIGER: TIme‐Gated Electric field Reconstruction
Authors: Billard Franck , Sharma Rishabh , Hertz Edouard , Faucher Olivier , Béjot Pierre
Published: May 2022

Herein, a novel self‐referenced method for the complete temporal characterization (phase and amplitude) of ultrashort optical laser pulses is presented. The technique, called TIme‐Gated Electric field Reconstruction (TIGER), measures a second‐order nonlinear signal (namely, second‐harmonic generation or two‐photon absorption) produced by four time‐delayed replicas of the input pulse. The delays are spatially encoded in the beam profile using a four‐faced pyramid‐like optical element. The presented technique enables single shot measurement and does not require any spectral measurements, in contrast with well‐known self‐referenced characterization methods. Depending on the chosen geometry, the recorded TIGER signal can be either interferometric (i.e., carrier frequency resolved) or intensimetric. This article describes the principle operation of the device together with a detailed theoretical analysis. TIGER measurements of various laser pulse shapes with their reconstructions are then presented, demonstrating the relevance of this original approach.
Molecular Engineering for Function‐Tailored Interface Modifier in High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Sung Sae Jin , Im Jino , Kim Geunjin , Moon Chan Su , Yoo Jason J. , Shin Seong Sik , Jeon Nam Joong , Ma Boo Soo , Kim Dong Jun , Kim Taek‐Soo , Seo Jangwon
Published: May 2022

Interface modification of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been widely explored not only to achieve defect passivation but also to facilitate charge transport and stabilize the physical/electrical contact at device interfaces. In this study, [2‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (CEPA) is introduced as an interface modifier at the interface of perovskite and the hole transporting material (HTM) layer into n‐i‐p PSCs. CEPA reduces surface traps, manipulates the surface dipole for energy‐level alignment, and induces molecular interaction at the interface of the CEPA‐HTM for enhanced interfacial adhesion energy and good mechanical stability. The power conversion efficiency of interface‐optimized PSC is 23.6% using a 2D/3D perovskite structure, representing the highest efficiency among poly(triarylamine) HTM‐based devices. The encapsulated CEPA‐treated PSCs maintain nearly 90% of their initial efficiency during a damp heat lasting for more than 1530 h and retain their initial efficiency during continuous operation under illumination.
Perspectives on the Technological Aspects and Biomedical Applications of Virus‐Like Particles/Nanoparticles in Reproductive Biology: Insights on the Medicinal and Toxicological Outlook
Authors: Chandrasekar Vaisali , Singh Ajay Vikram , Maharjan Romi Singh , Dakua Sarada Prasad , Balakrishnan Shidin , Dash Sagnika , Laux Peter , Luch Andreas , Singh Suyash , Pradhan Mandakini
Published: May 2022

Increasing data on the infection indicate that maternal infections are severe. Under the realms of vaccine development, virus‐like particles (VLP)/nanoparticles (NPs) hold the promise of targeted control of therapeutics transfer across the placental barrier with the potential to trigger innate immune responses. Though the placenta is known to act as a barrier against exogenous materials, viruses exploit the transport systems and overcome the barrier properties. VLPs can be strategically designed to obtain the necessary mechanisms for navigation across the placenta and immune response. However, several knowledge gaps on the chemical, viral transmission strategies and the host defense response exist owing to the highly dynamic etiology of the placental barrier. This further complicates the toxicological analysis of the developed therapeutics. Herein, placental physiology and functions are discussed in significance with chemical toxicology, viral infections, and the host defense. Further, the promising applications of VLPs and perspective on their design to overcome the placental gatekeeper to gain the necessary immune response or therapy are provided. Finally, a holistic approach to various bioengineering models for studying chemical toxicants, viral infections, and effects of VLPs is provided to facilitate better translation of these VLPs to clinical applications.
Reductive Carbon–Carbon Coupling on Metal Sites Regulates Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction in Water Using ZnSe Quantum Dots
Authors: Xin Zhi‐Kun , Huang Mao‐Yong , Wang Yang , Gao Yu‐Ji , Guo Qing , Li Xu‐Bing , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wu Li‐Zhu
Published: May 2022

Colloidal quantum dots (QDs) consisting of precious‐metal‐free elements show attractive potentials towards solar‐driven CO2 reduction. However, the inhibition of hydrogen (H2) production in aqueous solution remains a challenge. Here, we describe the first example of a carbon–carbon (C−C) coupling reaction to block the competing H2 evolution in photocatalytic CO2 reduction in water. In a specific system taking ZnSe QDs as photocatalysts, the introduction of furfural can significantly suppress H2 evolution leading to CO evolution with a rate of ≈5.3 mmol g−1 h−1 and a turnover number (TON) of >7500 under 24 h visible light. Meanwhile, furfural is upgraded to the self‐coupling product with a yield of 99.8 % based on the consumption of furfural. Mechanistic insights show that the reductive furfural coupling reaction occurs on surface Zn‐sites to consume electrons and protons originally used for H2 production, while the CO formation pathway at surface anion vacancies from CO2 remains.
Creation of a Yeast Strain with Co‐Translationally Acylated Nucleosomes
Authors: Wu Dan , Zhang Yunfeng , Tang Zhiheng , Chen Xiaoxu , Ling Xinyu , Li Longtu , Cao Wenbing , Zheng Wei , Wu Jiale , Tang Hongting , Liu Xiaoyun , Luo Xiaozhou , Liu Tao
Published: May 2022

Structurally diverse acylations have been identified as post‐translational modifications (PTMs) on histone lysine residues, but their functions and regulations remain largely unknown. Interestingly, in nature, a lysine acylation analog, pyrrolysine, is introduced as a co‐translational modification (CTM) through genetic encoding. To explore this alternative life form, we created a model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing site‐specific lysine CTMs (acetyl‐lysine, crotonyl‐lysine, or another synthetic analog) at histone H3K56 using non‐canonical amino acid mutagenesis to afford a chemically modified nucleosome in lieu of their own in vivo. We further demonstrated that acetylation of histone H3K56 partly tends to provide a more favorable chromatin environment for DNA repair in yeast compared to crotonylation and crosstalk with other PTMs differently. This study provides a potentially universal approach to decipher the consequences of different histone lysine PTMs in eukaryotes.
Synthesis, characterization, and antitumor biological evaluation of novel fluorine‐containing platinum (IV) complexes
Authors: Chen Lihua , Zhao Pan , Yang Jing , Liao Xiali , Yang Bo , Gao Chuanzhu
Published: May 2022

A series of antitumor platinum (IV) complexes based on ammonia and fluoropyridine carrier groups with biotin and chloride ions as axial groups have been designed and synthesized in this paper. The structures of platinum (IV) complexes were fully characterized by 1H NMR, ESI‐MS, and IR. Such Pt (IV) complexes have certain tumor targeting properties, and the Pt (II) complexes released in the reducing microenvironment could combine with DNA. Compared with cisplatin, complexes S3 and S4 exhibited similar cytotoxicity against SW480, HCT116, and HepG2 cancer cell lines according to in vitro antitumor activity evaluation. Particularly, Complex S2 showed 1.5–3.0 times higher cytotoxicity than cisplatin and picoplatin against selected cell lines. According to the structure–activity relationship, the introduction of fluorine atoms and axial chloride has an important influence on the strong cytotoxic activity of Pt (IV) complex. In addition, the axial biotin molecule increased the targeting of the complex to tumor cells. Overall, the novel fluorine‐containing Pt (IV) complex S2 is an attractive antitumor lead compound with further research value.
Two ionic oxo‐vanadate and dioxo‐molybdate complexes of dinitro‐aroylhydrazone derivative: Effective catalysts for epoxidation reactions, biological activity, ctDNA binding, density functional theory, andin silicoinvestigations
Authors: Adam Mohamed Shaker S. , Shaaban Saad , El‐Metwaly Nashwa M.
Published: May 2022

To meet the ecological demand for synthesis of ecofriendly metalated organic compounds, two new green dinitro‐aroylhydrazone derivatives (HLZNa) were used for the synthesis of vanadate(IV) andcis‐molybdate(VI) complexes (VOLZNa and MoO2LZNa). TheN,O‐bidentate ligand and its M‐pincer chelates were characterized using various spectroscopic tools. Infrared spectra exhibited a high shift of the CH=N band with the disappearance of the O–H band of HLZNa after its coordination with V4+and Mo6+in VOLZNa and MoO2LZNa, respectively.1H NMR spectra supported this observation for HLZNa compared with that of MoO2LZNa for the spectral signal of CH=N and O–H groups. In the UV–Vis. spectra, VOLZNa showed an additional spectral band at 741 nm for the d → d transition, which accomplished such complexation. Catalytically, VOLZNa exhibited slightly more catalytic action, with 92% yield after 2 h, compared with the MoO2LZNa catalyst (4 h with 92% yield) in the oxygenation of 1,2‐cyclooctene, that is, the epoxidation, at 90 °C. A strong reversible electrochemical behavior of VOLZNa (V4+/V5+redox couple) enhanced the catalytic action of VOLZNa over MoO2LZNa, which is supported by spectroscopic analysis. The biological behavior of HLZNa, VOLZNa, and MoO2LZNa was examined through their binding ability to ctDNA via UV–Vis. spectroscopy and hydrodynamic measurements. Spectroscopically, the derived binding constant of VOLZNa and MoO2LZNa (Kb = 4.45 and 5.01 × 108 mol−1 dm3, respectively) was higher than that of the free ligand (HLZNa, 2.88 × 108 mol−1 dm3), which is attributed to their reactivity toward ctDNA. Also, the Gibbs free energy values ( ) for such an interaction illustrated their high potential against ctDNA over their ligand (−31.14, −32.22, and −32.52 kJ/mol for HLZNa, VOLZNa, and MoO2LZNa, respectively). The metal ions (V4+and Mo6+) in VOLZNa and MoO2LZNa, respectively, improved their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities over the free ligand. The structures of the current compounds were further elucidated using the DFT/B3LYP method, which confirmed the mode of bonding depending on the distribution of the coordinating functional groups. Some physical parameters were estimated to evaluate the probability of these compounds' reactivity biologically and catalytically. The catalytic role of the MoO2LZNa complex was confirmed computationally. Thein vitroobtains regarding the antimicrobial activity of the M‐chelates were tested usingin silicoapproaches. The outcomes reflected the high conformity of VOLZNa as an effective antimicrobial reagent.
Surface engineering of Si wafers with tunable surface morphology and stiffness via visible light induced thiol‐ene click polymerization with 4‐(N,N‐diphenylamino)benzaldehyde as an organocatalyst
Authors: Wang Yiran , Liao Qingyu , Fan Yuqing , Chen Dong , Ma Yuhong , Zhao Changwen , Yang Wantai
Published: May 2022

A facile strategy is developed to fabricate a two‐layer grafted polymer coatings on silicon wafers, specifically soft crosslinked polythioether as middle damping layer and stiff poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as top protecting layer. At first, a highly crosslinked polythioether layer was constructed on the surface of the silicon wafer with tunable thickness and smooth morphology with trimethylolpropane tris(2‐mercaptoacetate) and pentaerythritol triallyl ether as monomers and 4‐(N,N‐diphenyl‐amino)benzaldehyde as an organocatalyst. The Young's modulus of the grafted crosslinked polythioether layer is about 300–400 MPa and the roughness is about 11.3 nm measured by atomic force microscope. There are about 9000 ea reactive –SH in a cuboid cell with 1 nm2 base area and 7–14 μm height in the grafted crosslinked polythiolether layer. Then, a flatten PMMA coating layer with Young's modulus as high as ~2.4 GPa was grafted from/onto the surface of the crosslinked polythiolether with surface –SH groups as initiating or chain transfer sites.
Role of Rim Functions in Recognition and Selectivity of Small‐Molecule Guests in Water‐Soluble Cavitand Hosts
Authors: Tang Min‐Min , Kanagaraj Kuppusamy , Rebek Julius , Yu Yang
Published: May 2022

Groups on the upper rim of cavitands can play major roles in the recognition of small molecules. Water‐soluble deep cavitands 1, 2 or 3 bearing the walls upper rim of imidazole, urea, and methyl urea, respectively, were synthesized and characterized as hosts of small‐molecule guests. The vase forms of 1 or 2 are stabilized through H‐bonding to solvent water molecules between adjacent walls. Various small alkyl organic molecules – alcohols, halides, cycloalkane derivatives and heterocycles – are efficiently bound in 1. For n‐alcohols (C5 to C12), the −OH end is fixed at the upper rim and the alkyl parts are in the hydrophobic cavity. The longer alcohol guests (C7–C12) show coiling. Cycloalkane guests rotate rapidly on all 3 axes within the host cavity, while heterocycles show orientations placing their heteroatoms near the cavitand rim. Competition studies between alkyl chlorides, bromides and iodides showed preference for binding of iodides in 1. Competition between cavitands for hexyl halide guests halide showed the order 2>1>3.
Broadcast control of radar surveillance systems for unexpected drones
Authors: Fujishima Yasuo , Azuma Shun‐ichi
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we propose a new antidrone surveillance system with multiple vehicles and bistatic radars whose antennas are mounted in each vehicle. The proposed system is based on the broadcast control technique recently proposed. We show that our method provides the optimal formation in terms of the received signal level of echoes from the drone intruders, without the information about the relation among the signal level, the locations of vehicles, and the locations of intruders. The proposed system is demonstrated by numerical simulation.
Associations between sleep problems and domains relevant to daytime functioning and clinical symptomatology in autism: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Han Gloria T. , Trevisan Dominic A. , Abel Emily A. , Cummings Elise M. , Carlos Carter , Bagdasarov Armen , Kala Shashwat , Parker Termara , Canapari Craig , McPartland James C.
Published: May 2022

Autistic individuals experience significantly higher rates of sleep problems compared to the general population, which negatively impacts various aspects of daytime functioning. The strength of associations across domains of functioning has not yet been summarized across studies. The present meta‐analysis examined the strength of associations between sleep problems and various domains of daytime functioning in autistic individuals. Searches were conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar through May 2020. Inclusion criteria were: an index of sleep disturbance in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD); data collected prior to any sleep‐related intervention; statistical data indicating relations between sleep problems and outcomes relevant to behavior, cognition, and physical or mental health. Exclusion criteria were: statistics characterizing the relationship between sleep disturbance and outcome variables that partialled out covariates; studies examining correlations between different measures of sleep disturbance. Participants totaled 15,074 from 49 published articles and 51 samples, yielding 209 effect sizes. Sleep problems were significantly associated with more clinical symptomatology and worse daytime functioning. Subgroup analyses demonstrated that sleep problems were most strongly associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms and executive functioning, followed by core autism symptoms, family factors, and adaptive functioning. Findings highlight the far‐reaching consequences of sleep problems on daytime functioning for autistic individuals and support the continued prioritization of sleep as a target for intervention through integrated care models to improve wellbeing.

Lay Summary

Autistic individuals experience higher rates of sleep problems, such as difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep, compared to the general population. We quantitatively summarized the literature about how sleep problems are related to different aspects of daytime functioning to identify areas that may be most affected by sleep. Sleep problems were related to all areas assessed, with the strongest associations for mood and anxiety symptoms. We recommend prioritizing sleep health in autistic individuals to improve wellbeing and quality of life.
Overexpression of the key genes in the biosynthetic pathways of lipid A and peptidoglycan in Escherichia coli
Authors: Guo Yong , Ji Fan , Qiao Jun , Dong Xiaofei , Wu Yuanming , Wang Xiaoyuan
Published: May 2022

Gram‐negative bacterium Escherichia coli has a tripartite cell envelope with a cytoplasmic membrane, a peptidoglycan layer, and an asymmetric outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide in its outer leaflet. The biogenesis of peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide shares the same substrate UDP‐GlcNAc. From UDP‐GlcNAc, MurA catalyzes the first reaction for peptidoglycan biosynthesis, while LpxA catalyzes the first reaction for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. This study demonstrates that murA overexpression in E. coli MG1655 inhibited the cell growth and increased the cell length, whereas lpxA overexpression in MG1655 neither inhibited the cell growth nor increased the cell length. Further study showed that individual overexpression of the other eight genes encoding the enzymes to catalyze the initial reactions in the biosynthetic pathway of lipopolysaccharide did not inhibit the cell growth. When MG1655/pBad‐lpxA, MG1655/pBad‐lpxD, and MG1655/pBad‐lpxH were transformed with pFW01‐thrA*BC‐rhtC that contains the key genes for L‐threonine biosynthesis and transport, the L‐threonine production was increased. The L‐threonine production in MG1655/pFW01‐thrA*BC‐rhtC/pBad‐lpxH increased 46.1% as compared to the control MG1655/pFW01‐thrA*BC‐rhtC/pBad.
Molecular dynamics study of H4TTP crystal morphology
Authors: Chen Jing , Li Jun , Li Yongxiang , Liu Qiao'e , Zhang Xuan , Ruan Jian , Wang Xiaojun , Liu Wendong , Kim Chan Kyung
Published: May 2022

To understand the role of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on the crystal growth morphology of 2,3,5,6‐tetra(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)pyrazine (H4TTP), the vacuum morphology of H4TTP crystal was predicted by the Bravais–Friedel–Donnay–Harker (BFDH) and the attachment energy (AE) models. The growth morphology of H4TTP in DMSO solvent was predicted using a modified AE model. The results show that the main growth surfaces of H4TTP in vacuum are (1 0 0), (0 0 2), (0 1 1), and (1 1 0) surfaces. Among them, (1 0 0) surface is the most important growth surface. (0 0 2) surface is the roughest crystal surface, while (1 1 0) surface is the flattest. (1 1 0) surface grows rapidly, and (1 0 0) surface has the greatest morphological importance. The analysis of radial distribution function shows that (1 0 0) surface has the strongest hydrogen bonding interactions in the interface between H4TTP and DMSO solvent.
Density functional theory and time‐dependent density functional theory studies on optoelectronic properties of fused heterocycles with cyclooctatetraene
Authors: Kumar Vipin , Tripathi Anuj , Choi Seyong , Chitumalla Ramesh Kumar , Seo Ji‐Youn , Jang Joonkyung , Chetti Prabhakar
Published: May 2022

We establish a structure–property relation for the system having a cyclooctatetraene (COT) ring fused with four five‐membered heterocyclic rings. The two five‐membered heterocycles selected are furan and selenophene and their fused structure with COT is known as cyclooctatetrafuran (COF) and cyclooctatetraselenophene (COSe), respectively. We found 15 geometrical isomers of each COF and COSe and their structural stability and optoelectronic properties have been evaluated by quantum chemical simulations. The density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT simulations were employed for a systematic review of all isomers. Electronic excitations, hole reorganization energies, electron reorganization energies, ionization potentials, and electron affinities, of all the isomers, were reported. Based on our comparative study, it is shown that one of the isomers is suggested as a better charge transport material.
Expressional and prognostic value of HPCAL1 in cholangiocarcinoma via integrated bioinformatics analyses and experiments
Authors: Ma Mingjian , Zeng Guangyan , Li Jinhui , Liang Jiahua , Huang Li , Chen Jiancong , Lai Jiaming
Published: May 2022

Background

Hippocalcin‐like 1 (HPCAL1) is involved in the development of several cancer types. However, our understanding of the HPCAL1 activity in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains limited.

Methods

Two microarray datasets were used to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the development of CCA. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)/Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was integrated to determine the prognostic significance of DEGs in CCA. The association between clinical characteristics and HPCAL1 expression levels was initially explored to assess the clinical profile of CCA. The prognostic value of HPCAL1 overexpression in the validation cohort was analyzed, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) term analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of HPCAL1.

Results

Three upregulated genes and 10 downregulated genes were detected from two microarray‐based screenings. High expression of HPCAL1 as a poor prognostic factor of CCA was validated using TCGA/GEO integrated database and our database. Univariate and multivariate analyses along with Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that high HPCAL1 expression was an independent factor affecting the overall survival and relapse‐free survival in patients with CCA. The high expression of HPCAL1 was significantly associated with cancer antigen 125 (CA‐125) levels, number of tumors, lymph node invasion, and TNM stage. Analysis of the enriched GO terms and KEGG pathways revealed that the high expression of HPCAL1 was involved in the critical biological processes and molecular pathways, including modulation by a host of symbiont processes, the clathrin coat, actinin binding, and Rap1 signaling pathways.

Conclusion

HPCAL1 was enriched in CCA in our study and has the potential to be applied in the identification of patients with CCA with an unfavorable prognosis.
The Key Role of Competition between Orbital and Electrostatic Interactions in the Adsorption on Transition Metal Single‐Atom Catalysts Anchored by N‐doped Graphene
Authors: Zhang Nan‐Nan , Li Jun , Xiao Hai
Published: May 2022

Rational design of single‐atom catalyst (SAC) presents a promising route to precise heterogeneous catalysis, yet it requires us to understand the catalytic activity that often can be correlated with the adsorption energies. Here, we investigate the hydrogen adsorption on a series of 3d transition metal (TM) SACs anchored on the N4‐coordination site of N‐doped graphene (MN4/C), and find that the adsorption energies present a volcano curve that violates the d‐band theory. By decomposing the adsorption energies into two distinctive contributions, i. e., the orbital interaction (
) and electrostatic interaction (
), we find that it is the competition between the two that results in the volcano curve. We further identify that the trend of
is dictated by the TM 4 s orbital that is governed by bonding with the substrate, while
is regulated by the charge transfer from TM single‐atom to the N4/C substrate, which originates mainly from the bonding between the TM 3dxy orbital and the substrate. Furthermore, we establish the intrinsic dipole moment of active site as a quantitative descriptor for both
and
in the adsorption on MN4/C, and apply it to understanding the trends of adsorption energies on 4d and 5d TM‐based MN4/C SACs. Our findings provide deep insights into understanding the adsorption and thus the catalytic activity on TM‐based SACs.
Optimization of Drying Parameters for Hermetia illucens Using Oven Drying
Authors: Leong Siew Yoong , Yap Venn Hsien , Kutty Shamsul Rahman Mohamed
Published: May 2022

Insects are frequently dried to retain their nutritional quality. The influence of drying temperature and drying time has an effect on the crude lipid yield. The greater moisture loss will lead to a higher lipid yield. Inactivation of larvae by means of freezing followed by oven drying indicates a high amount of free fatty acids. The total fatty acid concentration in Hermetia illucens prepupae was mainly comprised of saturated fatty acids followed by monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. A substantial amount of lauric acid was discovered and may be beneficial in animal feed. The optimum crude lipid yield and moisture loss temperature were determined.
Coca – Ein indigener Beitrag zur europäischen Wissenschaft
Authors: Wallau W. Martin , Pires Emerson L.
Published: May 2022

Die Entdeckung der Cocapflanze und Entwicklung ihres Anbaus stellt eine einzigartige Kulturleistung der indigenen Bevölkerung im heutigen Bolivien und Peru dar. Für die europäische Wissenschaft war sie Grundlage für die Isolierung des Cocains, dessen Strukturaufklärung, industrielle Produktion und die Entwicklung von Ersatzstoffen erheblich zum Fortschritt der wissenschaftlichen und industriellen Chemie beitrugen. Ohne die Entdeckung der Lokalanästhesie durch Cocain, wäre auch die moderne Medizin undenkbar, da Lokalanästhetika im klinischen Bereich die mit am häufigsten eingesetzten Medikamente sind. Auf der anderen Seite wurden die Ursprungsländer in der 1. Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts vom wirtschaftlichen Erfolg des Cocains zunehmend ausgeschlossen. Der seitdem weltweit verbreitete Cocainismus ist als westliche Erfindung den Ursprungsländern nicht anzulasten, so dass es eine weitere Benachteiligung ist, dass ihnen durch die vielfache Gleichsetzung von Coca und Cocain die traditionelle Vermarktung der Coca als Genussmittel erschwert wird.