bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kecerdasan Spiritual Menurut Perspektif Hadis
Authors: Sudi Suriani , Md Sham Fariza , Yama Phayilah
Published: January 2022

Spiritual intelligence is a psychological construct that has begun to gain attention from scholars in the psychology field. Existing theories and conceptual frameworks regarding spiritual intelligence mainly refer to western scholars. However, the theories and conceptual frameworks proposed by the western scholars are not suitable to be used as a benchmark in the life of a Muslim. Thus, the purpose of this article is to analyse the spiritual intelligence concept based of the perspective of hadiths using the content analysis method by identifying the relevant hadiths that relate to spiritual intelligence. The study has found that hadith describes faith as the foundation of spiritual intelligence. In addition, the study also found that amongst spiritual elements highlighted in hadiths are piety, love towards Allah and the Prophet, self-confidence and steadfast patience.
ABSTRAK
Kecerdasan Spiritual pula merupakan konstruk psikologi yang mula mendapat perhatian dari para sarjana dalam bidang psikologi. Sebelum ini banyak teori dan kerangka konsep berkaitan kecerdasan spiritual dirujuk kepada sarjana Barat. Walau bagaimanapun, teori dan kerangka konsep yang dikemukakan oleh mereka adalah tidak sesuai untuk dijadikan kayu ukur dalam hidup seorang muslim. Oleh itu tujuan artikel ini ditulis adalah untuk mengupas konsep kecerdasan spiritual dari perspektif hadis dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan iaitu dengan mengenal pasti hadis-hadis Rasulullah SAW yang berkaitan dengan kecerdasan spiritual. Kajian mendapati hadis menerangkan bahawa asas kecerdasan spiritual adalah iman. Kajian juga mendapati antara elemen spiritual yang dipetik daripada hadis adalah elemen takwa, cinta terhadap Allah dan Rasul, yakin dengan diri dan mempunyai kesabaran yang tinggi.
Analisis perbandingan terjemahan kata partikel Arab Melayu
Authors: Norul ‘Azmi Nor Azhan
Published: January 2022

Arabic vocabulary consists of nouns, verbs and particle words. This vocabulary belongs to standalone language group, a symbol to a certain meaning and comes from a single morpheme. The particles in linguistic field is one of the words in Arabic other than nouns and verbs. The noun and verb have their own meanings and can stand alone in a sentence. However, the particles cannot function at all if they are not joined with noun or verb in the sentence. The particles also give a variety of functions and meanings, depending on the meaning of the word. This study reveals the meaning, function, type, language form and translation method through qualitative methods with document analysis on Kamus Idris Al-Marbawi (KIAM) dan Kamus Besar Arab Melayu Dewan (KBAMD). The findings revealed that there are differences between translation of KIAM and KBAMD, that there are some particles that are not translated by KBAMD and there are also differences in terms of the number of meanings of each particle generated by both dictionaries. Thus, it is hoped that this study will contribute to the new findings on lexicography studies in Arabic language and particles in particular. This study would also have a positive impact on linguistic study of Arabic in terms of grammar, translation, and even other studies related to Malay writers' thoughts and cultures.
ABSTRAK
Perkataan dalam bahasa Arab terdiri daripada kata nama, kata kerja dan kata partikel. Perkataan ini adalah daripada kumpulan bahasa yang boleh berdiri dengan sendiri, simbol kepada makna tertentu dan berasal daripada morfem tunggal. Kata partikel dalam ilmu linguistik merupakan salah satu jenis perkataan dalam bahasa Arab selain daripada kata nama dan kata kerja. Kata nama dan kata kerja mempunyai makna tersendiri dan boleh berdiri dengan sendiri dalam sesuatu ayat. Walaubagaimanapun, kata partikel tidak berfungsi sama sekali jika diletak bersendirian dalam ayat. Kata partikel juga memberi fungsi dan makna yang pelbagai, bergantung kepada makna yang ingin disampaikan. Kajian ini mendedahkan setiap makna, fungsi, jenis, laras bahasa dan gaya terjemahan kata partikel melalui kaedah kualitatif dengan analisis dokumen terhadap Kamus Idris Al-Marbawi (KIAM) dan Kamus Besar Arab Melayu Dewan (KBAMD). Dapatan menemui terdapat perbezaan antara laras bahasa KIAM dan KBAMD, ada kata partikel yang tidak diterjemah oleh KBAMD serta wujud perbezaan antara bilangan makna setiap kata partikel yang dihasilkan oleh kedua-dua kamus ini. Demikian, ia diharap dapat menyumbang kepada hasil dapatan baharu terhadap kajian leksikografi dalam dunia bahasa Arab amnya dan kata partikel khususnya. Ia juga dilihat akan dapat memberi impak positif dalam kajian linguistik bahasa Arab terhadap aspek fungsi sesuatu kaedah nahu, terjemahan, bahkan kajian lain berkaitan pemikiran dan budaya penulis Melayu.
الرقابة القضائية على القرارات الإدارية في الشريعة والقانون
Authors: Alzaabi Ahmed Abdulaziz , Marni Nurazmallail
Published: January 2022

Judicial supervision, or the Ombudsman's mandate in Islamic legislation is an important guarantee of justice. It was created by the need for a deviation in the use of powers by some officials and high-ranking authorities in the state. This decision will be applied if harm is caused to a person by the decision of authority. It can be applied by challenging the decision of the administration in the concerned courts or what was known as the resort to the Ombudsman in the Islamic era. This study aims also to identifying the injustices in the Islamic era in terms of origin, evidences of the legality of dismissal in People's grievances, conditions of the appointment. The Ombudsperson and the powers of the Ombudsperson, and then it sheds the light on the system of judicial control over administrative decisions in terms of definition, characteristics, advantageous, jurisdictions and methods of judicial control and its manifestations and guarantees. In order to reach the results and recommendations through a scientific methodology to study using analytical, historical and comparative method.
تعتبر الرقابة القضائية أو ما يعرف بولاية المظالم في التشريع الإسلامي ضمانة هامة لتحقيق العدالة. وقد أوجدتها الحاجة بسبب انحراف في استخدام السلطات من قبل بعض المسؤولين وأصحاب السلطات العليا في الدولة، حيث يتم من خلال هذا النظام تمكين كل فرد من الوصول لحقه إذا ما ترتب على هذا القرار ضرر لحق به، وذلك من خلال الطعن على قرار الإدارة لدى المحاكم المختصة، أو ما كان يعرف باللجوء لقاضي المظالم في الحقبة الإسلامية، كما تهدف هذه الدراسة للتعرف على قضاء المظالم في العصر الإسلامي من حيث النشأة والأدلة على مشروعية الفصل في مظالم الناس وشروط تعيين قاضي المظالم واختصاصات وسلطات قاضي المظالم، ومن ثم تسليط الضوء على نظام الرقابة القضائية على القرارات الإدارية من حيث التعريف والخصائص والمميزات وجهات الاختصاص وأساليب الرقابة القضائية ومظاهرها وضماناتها، وذلك بهدف الوصول إلى النتائج والتوصيات، من خلال اتباع منهجية علمية للدراسة باستخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، والتاريخي، والمقارن.
Islam and Ethnicity: The Case Study of Ombatse Crisis 2011-2015 in Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Danladi Jibrin Yusuf , Sule Muhammad Maga
Published: January 2022

This paper examines the activities of the Ombatse cult group and the violent conflicts that occurred as a result of their activities which took place in some parts of Nasarawa State from 2011 – 2015. The aim of the study is to portray how Islam is against ethnic bigotry. It also intends solutions based on Islamic teachings on how to resolve disputes especially which is ethnically related. It also discussed its effects on Islam and Muslims in the State. The paper found out that peace is one of the basic tools for the development of any society, as Islam encourages peaceful co-existence among/between Muslims and non- Muslims as well as co-existence among other ethnic nationalities as Islam prohibits ethnicity and nationalism. Therefore, the paper further revealed that the major actors who participated in the crises were predominately Muslim youths from the ethnic groups involved in the violent conflict. The research also unveils the context and undertone which precipitated establishment and those who financed activities of Ombatse group in the areas studied. Regarding methodology, this study utilizes a qualitative technique. In-Depth Interviews (IDI) were conducted to obtain data for the study. The study concludes that some Muslim who are ignorant of the basic tenets of Islam were easily brainwashed to show allegiance to their ethnic identity than Islam. The Ombatse mobilized support along ethnic consciousness in order to achieve hidden political motives of those who initiated the cult group.
Bentuk-bentuk gerakan Kristianisasi dalam masyarakat Orang Asli di Perak
Authors: Aini Zulkefli , Sabri Nur Shafinaz
Published: January 2022

Kajian mendapati penghayatan beragama dalam kalangan Orang Asli muslim berada di tahap yang rendah. Keadaan ini disumbangkan oleh faktor dalaman dan luaran. Faktor dalaman berpunca daripada tahap motivasi mereka mempelajari agama Islam. Manakala faktor luaran adalah berkaitan dengan pengaruh ajaran agama yang bersifat misionari seperti agama Kristian. Oleh itu, artikel ini memfokuskan pengaruh agama Kristian dalam masyarakat Orang Asli dengan tumpuan khusus kepada bentuk-bentuk gerakan kristianisasi yang berlaku dalam masyarakat Orang Asli di Perak. Pengumpulan data kajian menggunakan kaedah temubual mendalam melalui temubual separa struktur terhadap enam orang peserta kajian yang terdiri daripada pegawai di Bahagian Dakwah Jabatan Agama Islam Perak, Penggerak Masyarakat Orang Asli (PMOA), Mubaligh Islam, dan Orang Asli yang telah murtad. Hasil kajian mendapati gerakan kristianisasi berlaku dalam bentuk santai dan hiburan, bantuan kemanusiaan, penyebaran mesej cinta dan kasih sayang, serta program kaderisasi kepimpinan. Kajian ini memberikan implikasi terhadap usaha mempertingkatkan kualiti pendakwahan dalam kalangan pendakwah supaya masyarakat Orang Asli muslim dapat mengamalkan ajaran Islam dengan sebenar.
Analisis perkembangan penulisan Tafsir Maudu’i di Malaysia
Authors: Abu Bakar Sahlawati , Hussin Haziyah , Wan Abdullah Wan Nasyrudin
Published: January 2022

Kajian mengenai penulisan tafsir di Malaysia dan perkembangannya telah dilakukan oleh pengkaji tafsir di Malaysia. Namun kajian mengenai penulisan tafsir mawdu’i secara khusus kurang dijalankan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengemukakan perkembangan tafsir mawdu’i di Malaysia bermula pada tahun 1940an sehingga awal abad ke-20. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengkaji penulisan karya-karya tafsir mawdu’i di Malaysia adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan sebagai reka bentuk penyelidikan. Sorotan literatur dilakukan bagi mengumpulkan data berkenaan karya-karya tafsir mawdu’i. Hasil kajian mendapati corak pertafsiran al-Quran di Malaysia bermula dengan terjemahan karya-karya asli tafsir. Kemudian penulisan tafsir dibuat secara menyeluruh dan corak tafsir yang dominan ialah tafsir tahlili dan mawdu’i. Penulisan tafsir mawdu’i menunjukkan perkembangan yang besar pada abad ke-20 dan penulisan berdasarkan topik menjadi pilihan utama penulis tafsir mawdu’i di Malaysia selain lafaz dan surah. Di antara topik-topik yang dikaji ialah kisah Nabi, akidah, ekonomi, kekeluargaan dan ibadah. Justeru, kajian ini menunjukkan perkembangan yang signifikan dalam penulisan tafsir mawdu’i di Malaysia seterusnya menggambarkan keperluan masyarakat terhadap jenis tafsir ini. Kajian ini memberikan input baru kepada pengkaji tafsir di Malaysia secara umum dan tafsir mawdu’i secara khusus.
Discussion on the Maqāṣid al-Qur’ān: Classical and Contemporary Intellectual Response
Authors: Usman Abur Hamdi , Abdul Kadir Muhd. Najib
Published: January 2022

The purpose of the Quran in life is as a basic concept in the preservation of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah (Objectives of Divine Law). Scholars have concluded that maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah is one of the main reasons for the revelation of the Quran to actualize the welfare for all Muslims. As leaders of this world, mankind needs to be cleansed, so they can stand strong to serve the community by putting religion, race and skin color aside. Furthermore, this study will evaluate the discussion of maqāṣid al-Qur’ān (the objectives of Quran) that has been formulated from the viewpoint of Islamic scholars, both classic and contemporary. Using the documentation research method, this article concludes that the maqāṣid al-Qur’ān is an order in submitting ourselves to the Oneness of Allah, which is the main belief. All the objectives will focus on aqīdah (creed), laws, and tales of the Quran. In addition, some of the efforts that can be made to cultivate the Quran in life through an understanding maqāṣid al-Qur’ān include reading, memorizing, understanding, and practicing its teachings. Thus, the Quran was revealed to ensure the well-being of people, whether in this world or the Hereafter.
 
ABSTRAK 
Tujuan al-Quran diturunkan adalah sebagai asas kepada penjagaan maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah. Ulama merumuskan bahawa maqāṣid al-Qur’ān merupakan matlamat-matlamat penurunan al-Quran bagi mengaktualisasi segala kebajikan umat Islam. Sebagai pentadbir alam, manusia perlu dimurnikan agar terus cekal berbakti kepada komuniti masyarakat tanpa mengira agama, bangsa, ataupun warna kulit. Oleh itu, kertas ini menilai tentang perbincangan maqāṣid al-Qur’ān yang diformulasikan daripada pandangan sarjana Islam klasik mahupun kontemporari. Menerusi metode kajian dokumentasi, kertas ini mendapati maqāṣid al-Qur’ān bermaksud arahan supaya beriktikad dengan keesaan Allah SWT yang merupakan kepercayaan yang paling utama. Segala objektifnya tertumpu kepada menerangkan akidah, hukum-hakam, dan kisah-kisah. Selain itu, antara usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk membudayakan al-Quran dalam kehidupan menerusi pemahaman maqāṣid al-Qur’ān ialah dengan membaca, menghafal, memahami, dan mengamalkan ajaran yang dikandunginya. Dengan begitu, tujuan al-Quran diturunkan adalah untuk memastikan kesejahteraan hamba sama ada di dunia mahupun di akhirat kelak.
Building A Sustainable Nation From The Quranic Perspective
Authors: Abdullah Mohd Farid Ravi , Rozani Muhammad Aizat Syimir
Published: January 2022

Building a sustainable nation from the Quranic perspective is a form of Islamic model that is clearly stated in the Quran. The model is based on the conception of Islamic principle, that adopts Islamic sharī‘ah (order) preservation approach, and executes the nation’s development based on the guidelines embodied in the Quran and Sunnah. Most countries that drive success in various fields neglect the importance of balance between the physical development and spiritual development. This situation will only allow the world to strive for a materialistic success without any holistic development. Therefore, this study elaborated on the characteristics of a Balda Ṭayyiba Wa Rabb Ghafūr state, which was the axis of the past Islamic world empires. A qualitative research method was used in this study by collecting library data to analyse texts that would suggest the concepts of building a sustainable nation from the Quranic perspective. Therefore, this working paper would explicate the features of Balda Ṭayyiba Wa Rabb Ghafūr as the basis of global Islamic nation building. This study revealed that the nation of Balda Ṭayyiba Wa Rabb Ghafūr requires an Islamic administration that covers various aspects, including politics, Rabbānī (divine) holistic education system, fair economic system, and sustainable environment. By understanding the Balda Ṭayyiba principle and its features, the greatness of a nation’s civilisation could be reinstated. Thus, the basis of a nation’s well-being relies on its political stability, a holistic education system, a fair economic system, and a sustainable environment.
ABSTRAK:
Pembangunan negara lestari menurut perspektif al-Quran merupakan satu bentuk model Islam yang jelas dinyatakan di dalam al-Quran. Model ini adalah berdasarkan konsep prinsip Islam yang menerapkan pendekatan pemeliharaan syariat Islam dalam melaksanakan pembangunan negara berdasarkan garis panduan yang terkandung di dalam al-Quran dan Sunnah. Kebanyakan negara yang memacu kejayaan dalam pelbagai bidang mengabaikan kepentingan pembangunan fizikal yang seimbang dengan pembangunan rohani. Keadaan ini akan membawa dunia menuju kejayaan material tanpa pembangunan yang menyeluruh. Justeru, kajian ini menghuraikan ciri-ciri negara Balda Ṭayyiba Wa Rabb Ghafūr yang merupakan paksi empayar dunia Islam pada masa lalu. Metodologi kajian kualitatif telah digunakan dalam kajian ini dengan mengumpulkan data perpustakaan untuk menganalisis teks demi menunjukkan konsep pembangunan Negara Lestari menurut perspektif al-Quran. Oleh itu, artikel ini menjelaskan ciri-ciri Balda Ṭayyiba Wa Rabb Ghafūr sebagai asas pembinaan negara Islam yang global. Dengan memahami prinsip Balda Ṭayyiba dan ciri-cirinya, keagungan peradaban bangsa akan dikembalikan semula. Oleh sebab yang sedemikian, asas kesejahteraan negara bergantung kepada kestabilan politiknya, sistem pendidikan yang holistik, sistem ekonomi yang adil, dan persekitaran yang lestari.
Sorotan literatur terhadap cabaran pendidikan Islam anak-anak mualaf di Malaysia
Authors: Fakhruddin Asma , Awang Azarudin
Published: January 2022

Islamic religious education is a very important element in building a Muslim community that has a strong, formidable sense of integrity. Islamic knowledge covers faith, acts of worship, sharia and moral. These are among the important components that every individual, especially those called Muslims, should learn. The development of Islamic da'wah in Malaysia results in individuals from different races and religions converting to Islam. This new group known as 'converts' needs assistance in aspects of Islamic education to ensure that they can become a true Muslim. The weakness of these converts in understanding, practising and reflecting on their religious practices poses a great challenge to the converts’ children’s religious education. Therefore, this study will identify the challenges faced by converts’ children in Malaysia in empowering their religious education. This study uses the library study method through close reference to the writings and documents on converts. The review of past studies shows that the challenges faced by the children of converts in obtaining Islamic education are religious challenges, challenges brought by parents who lack the basics of religion and who are illiterate, financial challenges and challenges involving family backgrounds. This study recommends that converts’ children are given a particular emphasis on Islamic education by the agencies involved to strengthen their integrity from young, to avoid any forms of negative influence that will inhibit their religious values.
Ḥalāl linguistic meaning understanding among Non-Muslim in Malaysia
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad Zulhilmi , Nordin Munif Zarirruddin Fikri
Published: January 2022

Ḥalāl discourse is not only familiar to Muslims, but also non-Muslims in Malaysia. This study discusses the response from non-Muslim in Malaysian ḥalāl discourse, with the objectives of identifying the ḥalāl linguistic meaning among non-Muslim in Malaysia. The discussion of meaning is based on the language interpretation which used in Sunni pragmatic research, such as how language is perceived either literal or figurative meanings based Mohamed & Yunis (2013) and Russell (1940) approach that focuses on the meaning and fact in his language theory. The data in the discussion related to the non-Muslims response towards 5 categories of ḥalāl implementation, namely ḥalāl food, ḥalāl certification, ḥalāl sign, ḥalāl name or brand of the product and ḥalāl supply chain. The data were the controversial ḥalāl issues from 2014 to 2018 taken from local newspapers such as Star Online. The discussion demonstrates that the understanding of non-Muslims linguistically can be traced from the keywords, such as understanding, compliance, awareness, acceptance and recognised which are denotatively having positive meanings. However, there are other words denotatively having negative meanings such as confusion and sensitivity. The result also shows ḥalāl does not only concern Muslims but non-Muslims as well. In principle, Islam does not prohibit non-Muslims from consuming the products offered based on guidelines recommended in Islam. The findings reveal that ḥalāl understanding in Malaysia still needs to be strengthened among non-Muslims. Therefore, the understanding and knowledge of ḥalāl implementation is the main pillar in maintaining the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims in this society.
GASTRO-PROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF FLOWERS OF HIBISCUS ROSA-SINENSIS (L.) IN MUCOSAL LESION ON RATS
Authors: Agrawal K. K , Verma A. , Singh K ,   Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University 17-Km. Stone, NH-2 Mathura-Delhi Highway, P.O. Chaumuhan, Mathura - 281 406 Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: January 2022

study was conducted to evaluate the gastro-protective activity of aqueous (HAE) and ethanolic (HEE) extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn. (Malvaceae) flowers in experimental animals. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were investigated for pylorus ligation and indomethacin induced ulcer models in albino wistar rats. The pH, gastric volume, ulcer index, ulcer score and free and total acidity were determined by pylorus ligation induced ulcer model and ulcer score, ulcer index and percentage protection were determined by Indomethacin induced ulcer model. Phytochemical screening of aqueous and ethanolic extracts were conducted for and it showed that extracts have alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, flavonoids and mucilage. Both the extracts at dose of 200 and 400mg/kg showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in gastric volume (1.20±0.17, 0.83±0.20, 0.90±0.12, 0.96±0.17) and ulcer index (1.50±0.19, 1.33±0.11, 2.16±0.03, 0.75±0.17, 0.92±0.22, 0.31±0.04, 0.42±0.06, 0.19±0.04) as compared to the control group (1.47±0.15, 3.00±0.21, 1.64±0.13) in both of the models. It can be concluded that both the extracts possess gastro-protective activity that might be due the presence of flavanoids, tannins and/or mucilage.
COLLABORATION AND COMMITMENT HOLD THE KEY FOR NEW DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
Authors:   Former Director,CSIR Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Dikshit Madhu ,   Former Visiting Professor, Department of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur-342037, Rajasthan, India.
Published: January 2022

Dear Reader, Modern drug discovery is becoming day by day more challenging due to the stringent regulatory requirements coupled with a high rate of attrition, making drug discovery extremely cost intensive. This has brought academic institutions worldwide to the forefront to discover new drugs by finding new targets. Post-independence India had no indigenous Pharma capability and the then Government jump started the activity by setting up National laboratories such as CDRI, IICT, NCL, IIM and others under the auspices of CSIR for providing technologies to the emerging Pharma Industry that introduced very affordable quality drugs over the years enabling India to emerge as the “cradle of pharmacy” for the World. Having necessary expertise and competence in all aspects of drug discovery & development, India should aspire to introduce new drugs towards the unmet needs of our population. India has a very high incidence of fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders and depression. Newly introduced Phytopharmaceutical guidelines offer us a new opportunity for making Ayurvedic drugs to be prescribed by Clinicians for local use and subsequently for global use.
Anti-Corruption Tools of Financial Risk Management in Public Administration
Authors: Kopanchuk Volodymyr , Kravchuk Oleh , Torichnyi Vadym , Metil Anastasiia , Kurtsev Oleksii , Kopanchuk Olena
Published: January 2022

Every country is concerned with the problem of corruption. Selfish misuse of public office undermines the people's confidence in government and institutions, makes public policies less effective and fair, and misuses taxpayer funds that could be used to build schools, roads and hospitals. Financial risk management in public administration is based on risk assessments and finding tools to help influence them. To develop practical tools for financial risk management, the authors studied the economic practises that determine the features of financial risk assessment. They identified the elements that can motivate financial risks, including three stages of identification and analysis of risks, analyzed the main stages and indicators of assessing an organization's financial condition based on the balance sheet, produced a risk assessment algorithm and risk minimization methods in managing financial activities, and conducted a comparative analysis of financial risk assessment methods. Based on the Professional Integrity Framework proposed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the authors developed basic measures to mitigate the potential negative consequences and proposed seven financial risk management tools for public administration. The proposed anti-corruption tools will help significantly reduce financial risks in public administration and corruption in general.
A Critical Phenomenology of Walking: Footpaths and Flightways
Authors:   American University, Zurn Perry
Published: January 2022

It is hardly difficult to imagine writing about critical phenomenology and walking. One might pause over the method of critical phenomenology as a meta-odos, a thinking of the path. Or consider the steps critical phenomenology takes and the unique pitch of its gait as it traverses the borderlands between phenomenology and critical theory. One might query how these two have the capacity to walk so well side by side, so much so that they can become as one, barely distinguishable against an open sky. Such an inquiry would no doubt track how it is that phenomenology walks toward things, through things, into things, suspending the eye of the natural attitude and proceeding ever so carefully and yet bluntly in search of what springs toward it. But such an inquiry would also track how that very process is a scripted processual, notwithstanding all the suspensions upon which it steps. Who and what writes and rewrites the script of what appears, when, and how? What inscriptions define appearances in advance and diaeretically cut them clean from one another? And what are the unscripted forces still at work? Ferreting out the work of scripts and inscriptions, such an inquiry would pause over the hidden structures that constrict what might feel like a free flight of the mind, a bit of unfettered rambling in the fields of consciousness. Thinking critical phenomenology as walking, then, means tracking the two moving in tandem. Phenomenology pulls toward the horizon of experience, while critical theory veers toward structural analyses. Together, they tread a uniquely illuminating path.
Molecular and morphological investigation of Cortinarius bulliardii from Tokat (Turkey)
Authors: ŞENGÜL Meryem Şenay , TÜRKEKUL İbrahim
Published: January 2022

A macrofungi species, Cortinarius bulliardii is collected from Tokat city province during field trips in 2019. It has a smooth, finely light fibrous, brownish-red pileus, whitish to light lilac-brownish flesh, broadly ellipsoidal spores, light brown when young, then dark brown lamellae with age. In addition to morphological analysis, molecular sequence data based on the ITS and LSU rDNA gene regions indicated that the studied species is Cortinarius bulliardii.
The Effectiveness of Purslane Extract Provision on Liver of White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with High Fat Diet
Authors: Susana Yuli , Suwanti Lucia Tri , Nangoi Lianny
Published: January 2022

Most animal owners provide fatty food with high cholesterol level that exceeds the needs of their pets. The pattern of giving a high-fat diet causes interference with the cholesterol synthesis in the body. It can damage the liver by causing fatty degeneration, hepatic cirrhosis, and eventually necrosis of the liver. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of Purslane extract (Portulaca oleracea L.) on the liver histopathological image of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a high-fat diet. The current study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design on 20 males white mouses (Rattus norvegicus) divided into five treatment groups. There were two control groups, the first group received standard feed (Pellet) and Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium 1%, while the second was given standard feed and a high-fat diet. Three treatment groups which included P1, P2, P3 were given standard feed, a high-fat diet, and purslane extract solution with 54 mg/day, 108 mg/day, and 216 mg/day, respectively. Research results from the mean rank of fatty degeneration which was measured using the Kruskal Wallis test presented significant differences, and the results from the mean of fatty degeneration using the Mann Whitney test did not indicate any significant difference. Liver cell necrosis from the two tests presented a significant difference. Purslane extract (Portulaca oleracea L.) was confirmed to be effective in reducing or decreasing hepatocyte cell damage after receiving a high-fat diet.
Prevalence of Helminths in Digestive Tract of Cows in Indonesia
Authors: Purwandani Carolina Erfinda Puspita , Kuncorojakti Suryo , Suwanti Lucia Tri
Published: January 2022

Helminthiasis is an important problem that affects the productivity and health of cows in tropical countries. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of helminthiasis in the digestive tract and the factors that affect it. In the current study, feces samples were from 75 cows aged up to one year old. The samples were collected from areas with the majority of the population as cattle breeders. The data were analyzed descriptively and statistically. The result indicated that most of the cows have suffered from helminthiasis caused by Toxocara vitulorum and the prevalence of intestinal helminths was mostly mild. Toxocara vitulorum spp. was the most common nematode worm that infected cows. The most effective factors on prevalence of helminthiasis in cows were age and cage location.
Dynamics of Morphological Indicators of Blood of Piglets under the Influence of Iron Clathrochelate Complex and Cyanocobalamin
Authors: Derkach Iryna , Dukhnitsky Volodymyr , Derkach Serhii , Lozoviy Vitalii , Kostrub Vasyl , Losa Yuliia , Fritsky Igor , Plutenko Maksym
Published: January 2022

Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common non-contagious diseases of piglets. Veterinary antianemic drugs have several drawbacks, so finding new medicines is an important current task for scientists. Therefore, the present study investigated the antianemic effect of iron (IV) clathrochelate in the organism of piglets. The subsequent studies included the exploration of its antianemic actions, particularly in combination with cyanocobalamin when this combination was administered to sows for prophylaxis in piglets. The experiment was carried out on 30 suckling piglets during the period of their detention with sows. According to the method of analogue groups, two groups of control (I) and experimental (II, each containing 15 animals) were formed and they were studied for 30 days. The piglets from five sows (three from each) were selected for the experimental group. During the pregnancy of these sows, 10 ml of 10% solution of iron (IV) IV clathrochelate and solution of cyanocobalamin were injected intramuscularly twice 7 and 14 days before their expected farrowing. For prevention of iron deficiency anemia, the traditional solution of iron dextran was administered once intramuscularly to piglets of the control group. The investigative material included the blood samples of piglets considering the dynamics of probable changes in the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin content and hematocrit, and other morphological indicators and blood indices of piglets. The dynamics of changes in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin content, hematocrit, leukocytes and platelets, indices of blood almost did not differ from the dynamics of these values when using only 10% solution of iron (IV) clathrochelate for pregnant sows. The proposed scheme for the prophylaxis of iron deficiency anemia in piglets, involving simultaneous intramuscular injections of IV clathrochelate and cyanocobalamin to pregnant sows, is somewhat inferior to the previous preventive measures, which included only the intramuscular injections of iron (IV) IV clathrochelate, but it can be recommended as highly effective.
Occurrence of Polyembryony in Juniperus Polycarpos C. Koch.
Authors: Negi Pitambar
Published: January 2022

The natural regeneration in Juniperus polycarpos is quite low due to seed dormancy. While studying the seed germination behaviour of Juniperus polycarpos, a twin seedling was found germinated from a single seed which has been reported. This is the first instance of occurrence of polyembryonic seedlings in Juniperus polycarpos which have been reported in this paper. The twin seedlings have been resulted due to the phenomenon of polyembryony which is of rare occurrence in this species, however, the production of twin seedlings has been reported earlier also in other forest tree species. The twin seedlings were found to be independent having separate taproots and cotyledons. The seedlings were later transplanted in a polybags filled with Soil: Sand: FYM (2:1:1 :) to observe the further growth of twin seedlings. After three months, it was noticed that both the twin seedlings shriveled and died where as normal seedlings continued to grow normally and produced all the essential features of a plant.
Economic Importance of Genus Apion (Apioninae: Apionidae: Curculionoidea: Coleptera)
Authors: Talwar Neelima
Published: January 2022

The biology of common Indian species Apion (Thymapion) majorinum Fst. has been studied in detail. The variations in food habits of 31 other species have been given in relation to feeding behaviour of Apion (T.) majorinum Fst. The importance of Apion amplum (Fst.) and Apion clavipes Gerst. as pests of edible legumes and Apion corchori Mar. as destroyer of jute has been stressed. The species attacking stems, roots, leaves and flowers including buds have been listed separately. These species attack members of plant families Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Polygonaceae and Malvaceae.
Survey On Smart Cane For Visually Impaired Using IOT
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering,  Jeppiaar Institute of Technology, India, Rayen Sonia Jenifer
Published: January 2022

This fundamental point of this task to give a voice-based route framework for the outwardly tested voice acknowledgment module and it is planned to give in general estimates object discovery and constant help through Worldwide Situating Framework (GPS) and ultrasonic sensors. This venture focuses on the advancement of an Electronic Voyaging Help (Estimated time of arrival) unit to assist the visually impaired individuals with finding an impediment free way. This Estimated time of arrival is fixed to the stick of the outwardly tested. At the point when the item is distinguished close to the stick of the outwardly hindered it cautions them with the assistance of the vibratory circuit. The outwardly tested will give the objective's name as the contribution to the voice acknowledgment module. GPS module persistently gets the scope and longitude of the current area. GPS contrasts it and the objective's scope and longitude. The outwardly tested gets the articulated headings which he wants to follow to arrive at his objective
Clinical Expert Delineation of 3D Left Ventricular Echocardiograms for the CETUS Segmentation Challenge
Authors: Papachristidis Alexandros , Geleijnse Marcel L. , Galli Elena , Heyde Brecht , Alessandrini Martino , Barbosa Daniel , Monaghan Mark J. , Bernard Olivier , D'hooge Jan , Bosch Johan G.
Published: January 2022

Within the framework of the CETUS challenge, forty-five 3D echocardiographic datasets have been acquired and segmented independently by three clinical experts from different hospitals. The goal was to generate a well-established ground truth of validated expert contours on this broad range of images from different ultrasound vendors, for a number of common pathologies. Image data were acquired and segmented according to a specifically designed protocol. Since there is no clear standard or guideline for segmentation for 3DUS, we defined a tracing consensus which results in clinically acceptable and reproducible contours. Tracing was performed in four longitudinal and five transversal 3D-derived 2D planes in ED and ES. 3D contours were constructed from these tracings. If the contours or their clinical parameters differed by more than a predefined level, the tracings were compared and the experts would reach a consensus interpretation on the best segmentation. One or more experts would then adapt their tracings. Final distance differences in contours were 0.77±0.18mm for the training set and 0.82±0.27mmfor the testing set. For the training set, 69% of contours were retraced. For the testing set, 76% of contours were retraced. The used protocol resulted in well-established ground truth contours.
Coronary centerline tracking in CT images with use of an elastic model and image moments.
Authors: Hernandez Hoyos Marcela , Zuluaga Maria A. , Lozano Monica , Prieto Juan Carlos , Douek Philippe C. , Magnin Isabelle E. , Orkisz Maciej
Published: January 2022

This coronary-artery extraction method uses one initialization point per vessel. First, a mask is computed by use of a region-growing algorithm, which starts from the initial point and stops when no more connected voxels fall within an interactively defined intensity range. The centerline tracking is then performed within the mask, starting from the same initial point. This algorithm is based on a prediction/estimation scheme. It uses the first- and second-order image moments calculated within a spherical volume that slides along the vessel, and the radius of which is automatically adjusted to the local radius of the vessel. The evolution of the radius of the sphere is based on the analysis of the eigenvalues of the inertia matrix in a multi-scale framework. The estimation of the current point location makes use of an elastic model similar to ”snakes”. The point iteratively moves under the action of an image-force attracting it to the local gravity center, and under the reaction of the internal forces of the model, which reflect its shape constraints: continuity and smoothness. The prediction makes use of the eigenvectors of the inertia matrix. The stopping criteria of the centerline tracking are based on the size of the sphere and on the percentage of the masked voxels within the sphere. On 8 training CT datasets, the following mean results were obtained. Overlap with reference: considering the whole length (OV) 80.1%, until the first failure (OF) 48.9%, in clinically relevant segments (radius > 1.5 mm, OT) 81.7%. Average distance from reference: considering the whole length (AD) 4.32 mm, limited to segments where the semiautomatic centerline remains within the vessel (AI) 0.39 mm, in clinically relevant segments (AT) 4.13 mm. On 16 testing datasets, these results were respectively: OV =80.2%, OF =39.3%, OT =82.1%, AD =5.05 mm, AI =0.41 mm and AT =4.58 mm. A number of failures was due to the the fact that the model does not handle the bifurcations.
Implementation of the PLUS open-source toolkit for translational research of ultrasound-guided intervention systems
Authors: Lasso Andras , Heffter Tamas , Pinter Csaba , Ungi Tamas , Fichtinger Gabor
Published: January 2022

This document describes the design of the PLUS (Public software Library for Ultrasound) open-source toolkit. The toolkit provides a basic infrastructure for implementing ultrasound-guided intervention systems. Functionalities include collection of synchronized ultrasound and position data from a wide variety of hardware devices, spatial and temporal calibration, volume reconstruction, live streaming to end-user applications, and recording to and replay from file. Source code, documentation, tutorials, application examples are available with a BSD-type license at the project website: www.assembla.com/spaces/plus.
Coronary Artery Tracking in 3D Cardiac CT Images Using Local Morphological Reconstruction Operators
Authors: Castro Carlos , Luengo-Oroz Miguel �ngel , Santos Andr� , Ledesma-Carbayo Mar�a J.
Published: January 2022

Automatic segmentation and tracking of the coronary artery tree from Cardiac Multislice-CT images is an important goal to improve the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease. This paper presents a semi-automatic algorithm (one input point per vessel) based on morphological grayscale local reconstructions in 3D images devoted to the extraction of the coronary artery tree. The algorithm has been evaluated in the framework of the Coronary Artery Tracking Challenge 2008 [1], obtaining consistent results in overlapping measurements (a mean of 70% of the vessel well tracked). Poor results in accuracy measurements suggest that future work should refine the centerline extraction. The algorithm can be efficiently implemented and its general strategy can be easily extrapolated to a completely automated centerline extraction or to a user interactive vessel extraction.
IGSTK: Building High Quality Roads with Open Source Software
Authors: Ibanez Luis , Enquobahrie Andinet , Turek Matt , Jomier Julien , Avila Rick , Cheng Patrick , Yaniv Ziv , Lindseth Frank , Gary Kevin , Cleary Kevin
Published: January 2022

This paper is a position statement on the benefits that an Open Source toolkit can bring to the field of image guided surgery. The particular example discussed here is the IGSTK toolkit. IGSTK is an open source software project designed for supporting the development of image guided surgery software applications. It provides functionalities for interfacing with optical and electromagnetic trackers, reading and visualizing DICOM datasets, as well as loading and displaying geometrical models resulting from image segmentation. These functionalities are enveloped by a simplified API implemented in a layer designed with emphasis on patient safety. The Toolkit is designed to ease the development of IGS applications, providing the basic functionalities related to the management of basic components. IGSTK is based on the Insight Toolkit (ITK) and the Visualization Toolkit (VTK), and can be combined with GUI toolkits such as FLTK and Qt. The IGSTK toolkit is distributed under a BSD license. Enter the names of any sponsors and/or funding codes in the box below.
Towards an open-source pipeline for patient-specific neurosurgery simulation
Authors: Enquobahrie Andinet , Audette Michel , Lee Huai-ping
Published: January 2022

Surgery simulation is a technology based on interactive biomechanics as well as haptic and visual rendering for training novice surgeons. Another important component of a surgery simulator is the representation of a patient’s anatomy in terms of simple shapes, typically triangles and tetrahedra, coinciding with relevant tissues, whose manipulation, cutting and resection is simulated. While this technology has so far emphasized generic simulators, increasingly researchers are emphasizing models that derive from the images of patients whose pathology collectively are predictive of a significant proportion of the future caseload of surgeons. In addition, our philosophy of producing patient-specific neurosurgery simulators is to organize the architecture in terms of two parameters: the choice of approach- pterional, trans-nasal, frontal and so on, and the nature of the pathology, which in turn determines the specific nature of the treatment and choice of tools. This paper describes on-going work on the refinement of an open-source software pipeline for producing patient-specific neurosurgery simulation, based on segmentation tools such as those available in Slicer and BrainVisa, surface and volume meshing, such as public VTK-based tools and Tetgen respectively, and the SOFA simulation platform. Practical requirements of the various components of the pipeline, such as resolution control and fidelity of surface and volume meshing, and interactive nonlinear mechanics in the biomechanics engine, are discussed.
Combinatorial Ricci Curvature for Image Processing
Authors: Saucan Emil , Appleboim Eli , Wolansky Gershon , Zeevi Yehoshua
Published: January 2022

A new Combinatorial Ricci curvature and Laplacian operators for grayscale images are introduced and tested on 2D medical images. These notions are based upon more general concepts developed by R. Forman. Further applications are also suggested.
Morphological Opening on a Graph
Authors: Doria David
Published: January 2022

This document presents an implementation of an algorithm to perform a morphological opening on a graph. The intent is to remove short branches in a graph while preserving the large scale structure. This implementation is based on the algorithm described in ``Efficient Closed Contour Extraction from Range Image’s Edge Points’’. We have used the data structures from Boost Graph Library (BGL).

The code is available here: https://github.com/daviddoria/GraphOpening
Integration of Geometrical Boundary Conditions on Soft Tissue Characterization under large deformation
Authors: Ahn Bummo , Kim Jung
Published: January 2022

Soft tissue characterization with finite element (FE) modeling is important to develop a realistic model for medical simulation, since it is possible to display complex tool-tissue interactions during medical interventions. However, it is difficult to integrate large deformation and geometrical boundary conditions to the FE computations. In this paper, the force responses and surface deformation fields of the tissues against the indentation were measured by a force transducer and three-dimensional optical system. Large indentation experiments on porcine liver were performed to estimate the radius of influence from the indented point up to 8 mm indentation and to measure the force response for 7mm indentation. The radius of influence region was plotted against various indentation depths and indenter shapes, and it could be used to determine the model size for the characterization. The tissue behavior of large deformation considering influence of the boundary conditions was characterized with FE modeling via hyperelastic and linear viscoelastic model.
ReachIN: A Modular Vision Based Interface for Teleoperation
Authors: Guerin Kelleher , Vagvolgyi Balazs , Deguet Anton , Chen Chi Chiung Grace , Yuh David , Kumar Rajesh
Published: January 2022

Teleoperation is currently the dominant form of instrument control for surgical robotics. For example, the mechanical masters in the da Vinci surgical system provides a stable, precise interface for teleoperation, allowing execution of delicate tasks in complex surgical procedures. However, conventional teleoperation also adds the complexity of false feedback to the user from the interaction of the master manipulators with each other and other elements of the surgical console. Conventional teleoperation also has other inherent performance and accuracy limitations due to the mechanical devices integrated in such a system. As an alternative, we outline a hands-free system that could be improved without significant hardware redesign, and provide a sterile master workspace. Our ReachIN prototype is implemented by extending the Johns Hopkins University Surgical Assistant Workstation (SAW) framework to include additional vision interfaces and control methods. We present the design of this prototype and results from initial validation experiments.
A modular architecture for biomanipulation
Authors: Gao Yixin , Taylor Russell , Kumar Rajesh
Published: January 2022

The Johns Hopkins University Surgical Assistant Workstation (SAW) modular software framework provides support for robotic devices, imaging sensors and a visualization pipeline for rapid prototyping, primarily for surgical research systems. We extend the SAW architecture for “steady hand” micromanipulation in biomanipulation laboratory tasks. The proposed system integrates direct “steady-hand” manipulation, teleoperation, and automated manipulation in a single two-handed system. System architecture, implementation and initial performance measurement experiments are detailed.