bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Human Resource Management: A Literature-based Introduction
Authors: Randev Kadumbri Kriti , Jha Jatinder Kumar
Published: October 2019

The concept of sustainability has deeply penetrated in all functions of management such as supply chain, organisational behaviour, human resource, strategic management and so on. But recently, sustainable human resource management (S-HRM) has garnered a significant amount of attention from industry practitioners and academicians due to the escalation of adverse impact of existing HRM approaches on employees, society and the environment ( Mariappanadar, 2003 , International Journal of Social Economics, 30(8), 906–923; 2014a, Human Resource Management Review, 24(4), 313–329; 2014b, Sustainability and Human Resource Management, Springer). Human resource sustainability is being desired by all because of its notable implications for both the employees and the organisations. Previous literature establishes that human resource management (HRM) practices play a vital role in determining organisational success and survival. Furthermore, the harmful impact of high performance work systems and their existing HRM practices on the well-being of employees and their families has made it even more pertinent for industry practitioners to identify mechanisms to reduce employee harm and increase human resource sustainability for organisational growth and well-being.

A research report by the Society for Human Resource Management in 2010 and a few other scholars claim that S-HRM can help HRM practitioners to reduce the negative impact of business practices on employees, society and the environment ( Cohen & Taylor, 2012 , HR’s role in corporate social responsibility and sustainability; Daily & Huang, 2001 , International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 21(12), 1539–1552; Dumitrana, 2009 , Human resources role in sustainable development). However, S-HRM has been studied sporadically, and there is a lack of convergence in its understanding. It has been broadly defined with the help of various perspectives borrowed from literature on strategic HRM, corporate social responsibility, Green HRM and sustainable work systems. This article aims to explore the existing literature of S-HRM to develop a deeper understanding of the concept. Through a comprehensive literature review, this article also highlights the evolution of S-HRM along with its implications for employees, HR managers and the organisations that have been studied in the previous literature.
Comorbidities in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an underestimated issue
Authors: Caminati Antonella , Lonati Chiara , Cassandro Roberto , Elia Davide , Pelosi Giuseppe , Torre Olga , Zompatori Maurizio , Uslenghi Elisabetta , Harari Sergio
Published: October 2019

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fibrosing lung disease with a poor prognosis. Between 60% and 70% of IPF patients die of IPF; the remaining causes of death may be due to comorbidities occurring in this ageing population. Interest in the role played by comorbidities in IPF has increased in the past few years. The optimal clinical management of IPF is multifaceted and not only involves antifibrotic treatment, but also vaccinations, oxygen supplementation, evaluation of nutritional status as well as psychological support and patient education. Symptom management, pulmonary rehabilitation, palliative care and treatment of comorbidities represent further areas of clinical intervention. This review analyses the major comorbidities observed in IPF, focusing on those that have the greatest impact on mortality and quality of life (QoL). The identification and treatment of comorbidities may help to improve patients' health-related QoL (i.e.sleep apnoea and depression), while some comorbidities (i.e.lung cancer, cardiovascular diseases and pulmonary hypertension) influence survival. It has been outlined that gathering comorbidities data improves the prediction of survival beyond the clinical and physiological parameters of IPF.
Nitrogen application and different water regimes at booting stage improved yield and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) formation in fragrant rice
Authors: Mo Zhaowen , Li Yanhong , Nie Jun , He Longxin , Pan Shenggang , Duan Meiyang , Tian Hua , Xiao Lizhong , Zhong Keyou , Tang Xiangru
Published: October 2019

Background

Water (W) and nitrogen (N) management generally cause regulations in the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) accumulation in fragrant rice; nevertheless, the feasibility of such management strategies at booting stage in improving 2AP accumulation has not been examined in details.

Methods

Field experiments were conducted in the early season (March–July) and repeated in the late season (July–November) in 2013. The treatments were applied urea (90 kg ha− 1), calcium super phosphate (90 kg ha− 1) and potassium chloride (195 kg ha− 1) as basal fertilizer, and urea (65 kg ha− 1) at tillering stage. Three N levels i.e., 0 kg N ha− 1 (N1), 30 kg N ha− 1 (N2), and 60 kg N ha− 1 (N3) and three water levels i.e., W1 treatment (well-watered treatment with water layer of 2–4 cm), W2 treatment (soil water potential was − 15 ± 5 kPa), and W3 treatment (soil water potential was − 25 ± 5 kPa) at booting stage was set up for three rice varieties i.e., Nongxiang 18, Yungengyou 14 and Basmati. The grain yield, head milled rice yield, 2AP contents and the biochemical parameters related to 2AP formation were investigated.

Results

Result indicated that W and N dynamics regulated the grain yield, head milled rice yield, and 2AP contents in brown rice across three varieties. The N2 and N3 treatment significantly increased the 2AP contents in brown rice by 9.54% and 11.95%, and 8.88% and 32.54% in the early and the late season, respectively; improved grain yield and head milled rice yield. The W3 treatment improved grain yield, head milled rice yield and 2AP content. Significant W and N interaction effect on 2AP content in brown rice was detected, where the W3 N3 treatment showed the strongest interaction regarding improvement of 2AP contents in brown rice. The 2AP accumulation and its related biochemical parameters and their relationships in different plant tissues at different growth stages under W and N treatments had also been assessed. The 2AP content, P5C content and DAO activity during grain filling periods was highly related to the 2AP content in brown rice.

Conclusion

This study revealed that the 60 kg N ha− 1 coupled with − 25 ± 5 kPa treatment showed the best positive effects on yield and aroma in fragrant rice, suggested that water and nitrogen management at booting stage can improve grain yield and fragrance in fragrant rice. However, further study to evaluate the metabolic and molecular basis of 2AP accumulation in fragrant rice is needed.
Leucine-rich repeat and sterile alpha motif containing 1 promotes the oncogenic growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Pian Lili , Huang Xiaofeng , Zhao Min , Zhang Yaolin , Qin Cheng , Zhang Jiyan , Zhang Jun , Wang Qingyang
Published: October 2019

Background

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary cancer of the liver, is one of the most common malignancies and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Leucine-rich repeat and sterile alpha motif containing 1 (LRSAM1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in diverse cellular activities, including the regulation of cargo sorting, cell adhesion and antibacterial autophagy. The role of LRSAM1 in HCC remains unknown.

Methods

In this study, we reviewed the TCGA database and then performed gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses of LRSAM1 in HCC cell lines.

Results

We found that the mRNA expression level of LRSAM1 was significantly increased in clinical HCC tissues in the TCGA database. Transient LRSAM1 knockdown in several human HCC cell lines led to reduced growth in conventional culture conditions. Stable LRSAM1 knockdown in HepG2 cells led to impaired anchorage-independent growth whereas its stable ectopic overexpression yielded the opposite effects. LRSAM1 overexpression in HepG2 cells enhanced in vivo tumorigenicity, whereas LRSAM1 knockdown in this cell line significantly impaired tumor growth.

Conclusions

Our data suggest that LRSAM1 promotes the oncogenic growth of human HCC cells, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be explored.
Triple artemisinin-containing combination anti-malarial treatments should be implemented now to delay the emergence of resistance: the case against
Authors: Krishna Sanjeev
Published: October 2019

Managing multidrug resistant malaria can be problematic if currently available artemisinin-containing anti-malarial combination treatments are not used appropriately. Here, I debate that the best way to manage multidrug resistant malaria is to make best use of existing treatments and to develop new classes of anti-malarial drugs and not to make ‘triple combination therapies’ when there is already resistance to one or more proposed components.
A framework for assessing the lifetime economic burden of congenital cytomegalovirus in the United States
Authors: Lucas Aaron , Sinha Anushua , Fowler Karen B. , Mladsi Deirdre , Barnett Christine , Samant Salome , Gibson Laura
Published: October 2019

Background

In the United States (US), congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMVi) is a major cause of permanent disabilities and the most common etiology of non-genetic sensorineural hearing loss. Evaluations of prevention strategies will require estimates of the economic implications of cCMVi. We aimed to develop a conceptual framework to characterize the lifetime economic burden of cCMVi in the US and to use that framework to identify data gaps.

Methods

Direct health care, direct non-health care, indirect, and intangible costs associated with cCMVi were considered. An initial framework was constructed based on a targeted literature review, then validated and refined after consultation with experts. Published costs were identified and used to populate the framework. Data gaps were identified.

Results

The framework was constructed as a chance tree, categorizing clinical event occurrence to form patient profiles associated with distinct economic trajectories. The distribution and magnitude of costs varied by patient life stage, cCMVi diagnosis, severity of impairment, and developmental delays/disabilities. Published studies could not fully populate the framework. The literature best characterized direct health care costs associated with the birth period. Gaps existed for direct non-health care, indirect, and intangible costs, as well as health care costs associated with adult patients and those severely impaired.

Conclusions

Data gaps exist concerning the lifetime economic burden of cCMVi in the US. The conceptual framework provides the basis for a research agenda to address these gaps. Understanding the full lifetime economic burden of cCMVi would inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers, when assessing the value of cCMVi interventions.
Changes in the epidemiology of hepatitis A in three socio-economic regions of China, 1990–2017
Authors: Sun Xiao-Jin , Zhang Guo-Min , Zhou Rong-Jun , Zheng Hui , Miao Ning , Yin Zun-Dong , Wang Fu-Zhen
Published: October 2019

Background

Hepatitis A (HepA) vaccination and economic transitions can change the epidemiology of HepA. China’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita was known to be inversely associated with the incidence of HepA, but a deeper understanding of the epidemiology of HepA in different socio-economic regions is lacking. We compare the changing epidemiology of HepA in three socioeconomic-geographic regions of China.

Methods

We obtained data on all HepA cases reported through the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System and assessed trends and changes in age-specific incidence rates by age quartile and season. We categorized the country into three regions, the sequential years into five era, compared the incidence, quartile age, seasonal intensity and coverage of HepA of the three regions. Linear regression was performed to analyse trends in incidence of HepA and to analyse the association between coverage and incidence.

Results

The annual mean incidences of HepA in the eastern, central, and western regions decreased from 63.52/100 000, 50.57/100 000 and 46.39/100 000 in 1990–1992 to 1.18/100 000, 1.05/100 000 and 3.14/100 000 in 2012–2017, respectively. Decreases in incidence were seen in all age groups in the three regions; the incidence was highest (9.3/100 000) in the youngest age group (0–4 years) of the western region, while in the central region, the age group with the highest incidence changed from 0 to 9 years to adults ≥60 years old. In 2017, the median age of HepA cases was 43 years (Q1–Q3: 33–55), 47 years (Q1–Q3: 32–60) and 33 years (Q1–Q3: 9–52) in the eastern, central, and western provinces, respectively. Seasonal peaks became smaller or were nearly elimination nationwide, but seasonality persisted in some provinces. After the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) included HepA vaccine into the routine schedule in 2007, HepA coverage increased to > 80% in the three regions and was negatively association with the HepA incidence.

Conclusion

The incidence of HepA decreased markedly between 1990 and 2017. A socioeconomic inequity in coverage of HepA vaccine was almost eliminated after HepA vaccine was introduced into China’s EPI system, but inequity in incidence still existed in lower socio-economic developed region.
A guide to applying the Good Publication Practice 3 guidelines in the Asia-Pacific region
Authors: Hesp Blair R. , Arai Katsuhisa , Chu Magdalene Y. S. , Chuah Stefanie , Curameng Jose Miguel B. , Kamat Sandeep , Ma Zhigang , Sakko Andrew , Fernandez Hazel
Published: October 2019

Numerous recommendations and guidelines aim to improve the quality, timeliness and transparency of medical publications. However, these guidelines use ambiguous language that can be challenging to interpret, particularly for speakers of English as a second language. Cultural expectations within the Asia-Pacific region raise additional challenges and several studies have suggested that awareness and application of ethical publication practices in the Asia-Pacific region is relatively low compared with other regions. However, guidance on applying ethical publication practice guidelines in the Asia-Pacific region is lacking. This commentary aims to improve publication practices in the Asia-Pacific region by providing guidance on applying the 10 principles of the Good Publication Practice 3 (GPP3) guidelines and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) criteria for authorship. Recommendations are provided for encore presentations, applying the ICMJE authorship criteria in the context of regional cultural expectations, and the role of study sponsors and professional medical writers. Ongoing barriers to compliance with guidelines are also highlighted, and additional guidance is provided to support authors submitting manuscripts for publication. The roles of regional journals, regulatory authorities and professional bodies in improving practices are also discussed.
Transcriptional Regulation of ZNF638 in Thermogenic Cells by the cAMP Response Element Binding Protein in Male Mice
Authors: Perie Luce , Verma Narendra , Xu Lingyan , Ma Xinran , Mueller Elisabetta
Published: October 2019

Zinc finger factors are implicated in a variety of cellular processes, including adipose tissue differentiation and thermogenesis. We have previously demonstrated that zinc finger protein 638 (ZNF638) is a transcriptional coactivator acting as an early regulator of adipogenesis in vitro. In this study, we show, to our knowledge for the first time, that, in vivo, ZNF638 abounds selectively in mature brown and subcutaneous fat tissues and in fully differentiated thermogenic adipocytes. Furthermore, gene expression studies revealed that ZNF638 is upregulated by cAMP modulators in vitro and by cold exposure and by pharmacological stimulation of β-adrenergic signaling in vivo. In silico analysis of the upstream regulatory region of the ZNF638 gene identified two putative cAMP response elements within 500 bp of the ZNF638 transcription start site. Detailed molecular analysis involving EMSA and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) binds to these cAMP response element regions of the ZNF638 promoter, and functional studies revealed that CREB is necessary and sufficient to regulate the levels of ZNF638 transcripts. Taken together, these results demonstrate that ZNF638 is selectively expressed in mature thermogenic adipocytes and tissues and that its induction in response to classic stimuli that promote heat generation is mediated via CREB signaling, pointing to a possible novel role of ZNF638 in brown and beige fat tissues.
CDK2 kinase activity is a regulator of male germ cell fate
Authors: Singh Priti , Patel Ravi K. , Palmer Nathan , Grenier Jennifer K. , Paduch Darius , Kaldis Philipp , Grimson Andrew , Schimenti John C.
Published: October 2019

The ability of men to remain fertile throughout their lives depends upon establishment of a spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) pool from gonocyte progenitors, and thereafter balancing SSC renewal vs terminal differentiation. Here, we report that precise regulation of the cell cycle is crucial for this balance. Whereas cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2) is unnecessary for mouse viability or gametogenesis stages prior to meiotic prophase I, mice bearing a deregulated allele (Cdk2Y15S) are severely deficient in spermatogonial differentiation. This allele disrupts an inhibitory phosphorylation site (Tyr15) for the kinase WEE1. Remarkably, Cdk2Y15S/Y15S mice possess abnormal clusters of mitotically active SSC-like cells, but they are eventually removed by apoptosis after failing to differentiate properly. Analyses of lineage markers, germ cell proliferation over time, and single cell RNA-seq data revealed delayed and defective differentiation of gonocytes into SSCs. Biochemical and genetic data demonstrated that Cdk2Y15S is a gain-of-function allele causing elevated kinase activity, which underlies these differentiation defects. Our results demonstrate that precise regulation of CDK2 kinase activity in male germ cell development is critical for the gonocyte-to-spermatogonial transition and long-term spermatogenic homeostasis.
Tissue-specific roles of p73 in development and homeostasis
Authors: Nemajerova Alice , Moll Ute M.
Published: October 2019

p73 (TP73) belongs to the p53 family of transcription factors. Its gene locus encodes two opposing types of isoforms, the transcriptionally active TAp73 class and the dominant-negative DNp73 class, which both play critical roles in development and homeostasis in an astonishingly diverse array of biological systems within specific tissues. While p73 has functions in cancer, this Review focuses on the non-oncogenic activities of p73. In the central and peripheral nervous system, both isoforms cooperate in complex ways to regulate neural stem cell survival, self-renewal and terminal differentiation. In airways, oviduct and to a lesser extent in brain ependyma, TAp73 is the master transcriptional regulator of multiciliogenesis, enabling fluid and germ cell transport across tissue surfaces. In male and female reproduction, TAp73 regulates gene networks that control cell–cell adhesion programs within germinal epithelium to enable germ cell maturation. Finally, p73 participates in the control of angiogenesis in development and cancer. While many open questions remain, we discuss here key findings that provide insight into the complex functions of this gene at the organismal, cellular and molecular level.
A new role for Notch in the control of polarity and asymmetric cell division of developing T cells
Authors: Charnley Mirren , Ludford-Menting Mandy , Pham Kim , Russell Sarah M.
Published: October 2019

A fundamental question in biology is how single cells can reliably produce progeny of different cell types. Notch signalling frequently facilitates fate determination. Asymmetric cell division (ACD) often controls segregation of Notch signalling by imposing unequal inheritance of regulators of Notch. Here, we assessed the functional relationship between Notch and ACD in mouse T cell development. To attain immunological specificity, developing T cells must pass through a pivotal stage termed β-selection, which involves Notch signalling and ACD. We assessed functional interactions between Notch1 and ACD during β-selection through direct presentation of Notch ligands, DL1 and DL4, and pharmacological inhibition of Notch signalling. Contrary to prevailing models, we demonstrate that Notch signalling controls the distribution of Notch1 itself and cell fate determinants, α-adaptin and Numb. Furthermore, Notch and CXCR4 signalling cooperated to drive polarity during division. Thus, Notch signalling directly orchestrates ACD, and Notch1 is differentially inherited by sibling cells.

This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Rap1 and membrane lipids cooperatively recruit talin to trigger integrin activation
Authors: Bromberger Thomas , Zhu Liang , Klapproth Sarah , Qin Jun , Moser Markus
Published: October 2019

Recruitment and tethering of talin to the plasma membrane initiate the process of integrin activation. Multiple factors including the Rap1 proteins, RIAM (also known as APBB1IP) and PIP2 bind talin proteins and have been proposed to regulate these processes, but not systematically analyzed. By expressing specific talin mutants into talin-null fibroblasts, we show that binding of the talin F0 domain to Rap1 synergizes with membrane lipid binding of the talin F2 domain during talin membrane targeting and integrin activation, whereas the interaction of the talin rod with RIAM was dispensable. We also characterized a second Rap1-binding site within the talin F1 domain by detailed NMR analysis. Interestingly, while talin F1 exhibited significantly weaker Rap1-binding affinity than talin F0, expression of a talin F1 Rap1-binding mutant inhibited cell adhesion, spreading, talin recruitment and integrin activation similarly to the talin F0 Rap1-binding mutant. Moreover, the defects became significantly stronger when both Rap1-binding sites were mutated. In conclusion, our data suggest a model in which cooperative binding of Rap1 to the talin F0 and F1 domains synergizes with membrane PIP2 binding to spatiotemporally position and activate talins to regulate integrin activity.
Monism and Pluralism – A Conceptual Analysis of Their Mutual Interactions within Discourses on Religion
Authors: Pal Sulagna
Published: October 2019

This paper examines the questions on how conflicts within and across religious practices could be understood. This paper specifically concerns with the debates around perspectives, both monolithic and plural encountered within the field of religious discourses and at the current juncture provides a way to intervene in the monism-pluralism debate in ethics. The various arguments proposed by John Hick, W.T Stace and Keith E. Yandell’s pluralistic approach have been analysed for examining the discourses more closely. The aim has been to provide a comparative and critical approach towards monism and pluralism.
Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search for Multitrip Vehicle Routing with Time Windows
Authors: François Véronique , Arda Yasemin , Crama Yves
Published: October 2019

We consider a multitrip vehicle routing problem with time windows (MTVRPTW), in which each vehicle can perform several trips during its working shift. This problem is especially relevant in the context of city logistics. Heuristic solution methods for multitrip vehicle routing problems often separate routing and assignment phases to create trips and then assign them to the available vehicles. We show that this approach is outperformed by an integrated solution method in the presence of time windows. We use an automatic configuration tool to obtain efficient and contextualized implementations of our solution methods. We provide suitable instances for the MTVRPTW as well as an instance generator. Also, we discuss the relevance of two objective functions: the total duration and the total travel time. When minimizing the travel time, large increases in waiting time are incurred, which is not realistic in practice.
Ameloblastomatous Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst: Case Report
Authors: Aminzadeh Atousa , Sadighi Alireza
Published: October 2019

Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) or calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor was first introduced in 1962 by Gorlin et al., as a possible oral counterpart of calcifying epitheliomas of Malherbe in skin. This lesion is a rare odontogenic lesion with variable clinico-histological characteristics. Three different histologic subtypes has been reported for COC. In this study we presented a female patient diagnosed with ameloblastomatous COC a very rare variant of this lesion and challenges regarding microscopic diagnosis and treatment of it is discussed.
A perspectiva interseccional-rizomática nas narrativas (auto)biografias de universitárias
Authors: Astigarraga Andrea Abreu
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste artigo foi descrever e analisar, através das (auto)biografias de duas universitárias - uma do curso de Enfermagem e outra do curso de Pedagogia - fenômenos que envolvem a interseccionalidade e o modelo de rizoma, entre pobreza, etnia, gênero, os processos de superação, mobilidade social e a pesquisa como fator de biografização. As duas universitárias ingressaram na universidade através do vestibular, sem cotas sociais ou étnico-raciais. Partindo do princípio teórico-metodológico da biografização e projeto de si propostos por Cristine Delory-Momberger e Maria da Conceição Passeggi, verificamos que a mobilidade social foi basicamente forjada na resiliência pessoal e familiar, no capital social e cultural. A perspectiva da interseccionalidade-rizomática se evidenciou na narrativa (auto)biográfica da universitária do curso de Pedagogia, porque ela expressa o nível de reflexão crítica sobre a sua autoidentificação étnica, classe social e gênero, por ocasião da construção do seu Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso de Graduação (TCC) e como integrante do “Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas Autobiográficas”, inferindo a relevância do universitário pesquisador-reflexivo de sua própria história de vida. O que não se evidenciou na narrativa (auto)biográfica da universitária do curso de Enfermagem.
Narrativas Locais e Memória Coletiva: estudo de caso de três monumentos da cidade de Vitória da Conquista
Authors: Rodrigues Gerlane Bezerra , Morais Juliana Rodrigues
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a construção da memória coletiva em Vitória da Conquista (BA) a partir de três monumentos representativos da coleção dessa cidade: a peça em homenagem aos Bandeirantes, a peça em homenagem a Nossa Senhora da Vitória, padroeira da cidade, e a peça em homenagem aos Índios Mongoiós. A pesquisa constatou que no contexto de redemocratização do Brasil, após a década de 1980, houve um aumento no erguimento e na promoção de monumentos nesta cidade. Esse fenômeno se evidencia, sobretudo, com o erguimento de peças escultóricas que apresentam temas e narrativas ligados às memórias antes desprestigiadas, ou excluídas do tecido social urbano, como por exemplo, o monumento aos índios. Nessa perspectiva, constatamos, pois, que os monumentos da cidade constroem um espaço patrimonial polifônico onde atuam múltiplas memórias num campo de disputas, conflitos, contradições, rupturas e, também, de continuidades. Podemos dizer que essa prática se expressa como uma afirmação social do poder local, num contexto nacional de autonomização política da municipalidade decorrente, entre outros fatores, das prerrogativas constitucionais instituídas pela Constituição Federal de 1988, as quais redefiniram a concepção de cultura, ampliaram o conceito de patrimônio cultural e, por conseguinte, evidenciaram (re)leituras da Memória e da História da cidade.
The difference leadership makes? Debating and conceptualising leadership in the UK voluntary sector
Authors: Terry Vita , Rees James , Jacklin-Jarvis Carol
Published: October 2019

This paper sets out to assess the state of the academic, and policy and practice, debate around leadership in the UK voluntary sector context. There has been a lack of sustained academic interest in the notion of leadership in the UK, and equally a lack of dialogue between academia, policy and practice. As a result, it is often far from clear whether there is any agreement about what leadership consists of, and the difference that ‘improved’ leadership might make. The paper considers what is meant by leadership in the voluntary sector, and considers three dominant approaches that have been used to frame leadership in debates within the sector. The three themes we identify in existing literature are person-centred approaches, process approaches, and debates that are concerned with issues of representativeness. In particular, it draws attention to the over-reliance on individual or person-centred accounts of leadership in the sector. The paper posits instead the promise of accounts that draw attention to collective notions of leadership, and the implications of a more widespread adoption of such frames for leadership development practice and research.
Chronic gastroduodenal ulcers in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Fedorchenko Yu. L.
Published: October 2019

The clinical picture, course, and treatment of gastroduodenal ul­cers (GDU) in diabetics were studied. A total of 395 diabetics were examined; GDU were detected in 36. The incidence of gas­tric and duodenal ulcers was similar in patients with insulin-de­pendent diabetes mellitus, while in patients with non-insulin-de- pendent diabetes gastric ulcers predominated. The clinical pic­ture of the disease, gastric acid production, Helicobacter pylori infection, and blood gastrin levels were studied in all patients with ulcers. The efficiency of GDU treatment with quamatel, raniti­dine, and antacids was evaluated. The clinical course of GDU in diabetics was asymptomatic. The highest incidence of H. pylori, infection was observed in patients with type 1 diabetes with con­comitant peptic ulcers. Serum gastrin levels were more frequently increased in patients with type 1 diabetes and duodenal ulcers and normal in patients with type 2 diabetes. Quamatel therapy was highly effective in diabetics with GDU. Ulcers healed in 85% patients and blood gastrin level significantly decreased after 3- week therapy. GDU in diabetics are characterized by specific lo­cation, clinical course, laboratory and instrumental features, which allows a differentiated approach to therapy of these pa­tients.
A clinical case of Cushing’s syndrome caused by an ectopic cortisol-producing tumor
Authors: Serpuhovitin S. Yu. , Marova Ye. I. , Bazarova E. N. , Mamaeva V. G. , Panteleyev I. V.
Published: October 2019

It is known a surgeon operating on the adrenal glands, should be aware of the possibility of the presence of ectopic adrenal tissue. According to the literature, there are relapses of Cushing's disease due to hyperfunction of adrenal accessory tissue. Its location may be the perinephric tissue, testicles, mediastinum, kidneys, urinary tract, broad ligament of the uterus, vagina, scrotum. The inclusion of adrenal tissue in the ovaries, liver, pancreas is also described. There is some evidence that additional adrenal tissue can be a source of tumors, including hormonal-active ones. O. I. Nikolaev (1970) cites a case of ectopia of a tumor in the kidney, 4 cases of ectopia in one of the ovaries, which, in addition to symptoms of hypercorticism, was accompanied by severe virilization. However, this pathology is extremely rare, therefore, there are few publications in the literature. In this regard, it seems appropriate to us to make such an observation.
Nikolai Petrovich Goncharov (To his 60th birthday)
Authors: Problems of endocrinology Editorial team of
Published: October 2019

60 years have passed since the birth of the famous scientist biochemist-endocrinologist, head of the laboratory of biochemical endocrinology and hormonal analysis of the Endocrinology Research Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, doctor of medical sciences, professor Nikolai Petrovich Goncharov. He is a pioneer in the study of the synthesis and metabolism of steroid hormones in primates; he developed and implemented an adequate experimental model within the framework of the WHO Human Reproduction program to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, efficacy and safety of both new steroid preparations and regulators of endocrine secretion of steroid hormones. A significant section of the research of N.P. Goncharov is devoted to a comparative study of the endocrine system of primates, the endocrine support of the stress response, the formation of the function of the endocrine glands in various periods of postnatal ontogenesis, and the role of steroid hormones in the pathogenesis of human leukemia. He is an author of about 200 scientific papers on various problems of hormone biochemistry and endocrinology.
Glycosaminoglycans and diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Bondar' I. A. , Klimontov V. V.
Published: October 2019

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the leading places in the structure of mortality of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Russia and abroad. Despite intensive study, the causes and development mechanisms of this complication are not finally clear. Most often, diabetic kidney damage is seen as the result of a complex interaction of metabolic, hemodynamic, genetic and other mechanisms. At the same time, the majority of researchers give the leading role to hyperglycemia and the metabolic disorders triggered by it. The latter include intensification of non-enzymatic glycation processes, activation of protein kinase C and polyol shunt, oxidative and carbonyl stress, hyperlipidemia, an imbalance of transcription factors and cytokines, and collagen metabolic disturbances. The role of these factors in the formation of DN has been reflected in a number of recent reviews.
Screening Results for Type 2 Diabetes in the Udmurt Republic
Authors: Trusov V. V. , Marizin S. A. , Shmykova N. E. , Aksenov K. V.
Published: October 2019

The study was undertaken to reveal the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glycose tolerance among the Udmurt Republic ’s employed population that has risk factors of diabetes mellitus. A total of 7137 employed individuals were examined in the organized working collective bodies in the Udmurt Republic by the routine program. Among the examinees, there were 238 patients first diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes mellitus (3.33% of all the examinees) and 184 patients with impaired glucose tolerance (2.58% of all the examinees). Thus, the screening survey conducted among the employed of the Udmurt Republic indicated the high clinical efficiency of early detection of disease, which made it possible to timely define and implement a package of prophylactic and therapeutic measures for diabetes mellitus complications. This determines the economic expediency of performing a screening survey for diabetes mellitus, which permits the saving of material resources to be spent for treating the late diagnosed complications of diabetes.
Antibodies to islet tissue of the pancreas
in patients with hormone-dependent tumors
Authors: Bershtein L. M. , Vartanyan N. L. , Vasil'ev D. A. , Gamayunova V. B.
Published: October 2019

Islet $-cell antibodies (ICA) were studied by immune fluorescence test in the blood serum of total of 192 individuals. Blood was sampled after previously nocturnal starving in 22 cancer patients with evident type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) (in those mainly with cancer of the breast (BC) and corpus uteri (CUC)), in 124 patients without diabetes (55 patients with BC and 69 patients with CUC), and in 41 healthy individuals. The study revealed ICA in 13.6% of the patients with hormone-dependent tumors and DM2, in 8.3% of the patients with BC and CUC and impaired glucose tolerance, in 6.6% of the patients with normal tolerance, ICA were absent in the healthy individuals (a comparison group). The detection of ICA in patients without signs of DM2 was associated with weight gain, the trend towards hypertriglyceridemia and transient hyperinsulinemia, with the elevated blood concentrations of thy­roglobulin and its antibodies. It is concluded that autoimmune disturbances of this kind are peculiar not only to patients with MD1 and, in their combination in persons aged above 40-50 years with a complex of hormone-dependent metabolic disturbances appeared as insulin-resistance syndrome should be regarded as an object for preventive measures in diabetology and oncoendocrinology.
Pathogenetical rationale for the use of alimentary factors in therapy of patients with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Dreval A. V. , Medvedeva I. V. , Dorodneva Ye. F. , Osiyeva E. A.
Published: October 2019

Nutrition is one of the constantly acting environmental factors that have a powerful effect on a number of biological constants of the body. Due to the absence of etiotropic therapy for diabetes mellitus (DM), the only real preventive measure for the occurrence and development of vascular complications at the present stage is the maximum compensation of various metabolic disorders characteristic of this disease. Diet therapy not only helps lower blood pressure (BP), but can also reduce the risk of coronary heart disease due to its lipid-lowering effect.
Radiation therapy in the treatment of pituitary adenomas
Authors: Marova E. I. , Bel'chenko L. V. , Manchenko O. V. , Kirpatovskaya L. E.
Published: October 2019

Over the nearly century-long history of radiation therapy, tremendous clinical experience has been accumulated, based on ideas from experimental and clinical radiobiology. The use of ionizing radiation energy for therapeutic purposes was the key to the successful treatment of a number of neuroendocrine diseases of tumor origin.
Role of the endothelium in regulation of contractile and dilatatory reactions of the aorta in rats with experimental hypothyrosis
Authors: Lobanok L. M. , Luksha L. S. , Solovyova N. G. , Krylova I. I.
Published: October 2019

The role of endothelium in regulation of the functional activity of vessels in experimental hypothyrosis was studied during different periods of ontogenesis. The study was carried out on isolated segments of the aorta from young (1 month) and adult (4-5 months) female rats. Hypothyrosis was induced by addition of thyrostatic mercasolil to the ration. Vascular stenosis was induced by norepinephrine, dilatation by carbacholine. The specific features in the mechanisms regulating arterial tone of euthyroid rats in the early ontogenesis are explained by a lower basal level of NO and specificity and/or density of adrenergic and cholinergic receptors, characteristic of this age. Reactions of arteries to norepinephrine and carbacholine in hypothyrosis are largely determined by age, modification of adrenergic receptor system of smooth-muscle cells, and endothelial function. A lower level of basal NO synthesis, characteristic of young hypothyroid animals, can be regarded as one of the main determinants of vasoconstrictive effect stimulation in hypothyrosis.
Autoimmune diseases of the thyroid and apoptosis
Authors: Kandror V. I.
Published: October 2019

The article is devoted to autoimmune diseases of the thyroid and apoptosis.
Assessment of body composition in normal weighing and obese subjects by the bioelectrical impedance method
Authors: Bershtein L. I. , Tsyrlina Ye. V. , Samoilova Ye. B. , Kovalenko I. G.
Published: October 2019

Body composition (lean mass, fat content) was assessed in 32 women aged 21 to 78 by measuring the thickness of subcutaneous fat in 4 typical sites and urinary excretion of creatinine, and estimating whole-body bioelectrical impedance (BI) by tetrapolar analyzer attached to personal computer. Results of BI measurements better correlated with body composition values assessed from the thickness of subcutaneous fat (particularly so in subjects aged under 50 and with Broca’s index from 0 to +19%). Hence, BI assessment may be used to evaluate body composition in patients with various endocrine diseases before the treatment and to monitor its efficacy in some diseases.
Didáticas específicas à luz da teoria histórico-cultural
Authors: Franco Patricia Lopes Jorge , Sousa Walêska Dayse Dias de
Published: October 2019

A objetivação de processos educativos formais orientados para o desenvolvimento de professores e estudantes é desafio premente de pesquisadores e educadores. Implica um (re)pensar constante sobre os processos de ensino, aprendizagem e suas inter-relações potencializadores de um desenvolvimento integral dos sujeitos, nos contextos histórico-culturais mais diversos e distintos. Porquanto, problematizar e dar encaminhamento às essas reflexões nos coloca em constante movimento para esta objetivação.
Registered nursesâ€™ attitude and willingness to precept nursing students in Jamaica
Authors: Roper Carty MSN Michelle , LM Lindo PhD Jascinth , Stennett MPH Rosain
Published: October 2019

Background: Registered nursesâ€™ willingness to precept nursing students is an important factor in ensuring a positive clinical learning environment. However, in resource poor settings with high patient to nurse ratio and other challenges in the delivery of nursing care preceptorship may represent an additional challenge.Aim: To determine the willingness of registered nurses to precept student nurses in Jamaica; their attitude towards the paired preceptorship model and factors which may influence the precepting process.Design: This descriptive cross-sectional study utilized a 32-item self-administered questionnaire to collect data from 76 full-time registered nurses assigned to medical/surgical wards at a major teaching hospital.Results: Nurses had a positive attitude towards precepting (97%) and believed their actions and attitudes positively influenced the learning outcomes of students. Two-thirds of registered nurses (63%) were willing to precept students and 87% preferred the paired preceptorship model. Self-efficacy (p<0.05) best explained their willingness to participate in both paired preceptorship and clinical teaching associate models while, normative beliefs regarding clinical learning environment was significant predictor of overall willingness.Conclusion: Registered nurses studied displayed positive attitude towards preceptorship and were willing to precept students. Policy makers should note that the paired preceptorship model was favoured by the group and that personal satisfaction and professional development were motivating factors for nursesâ€™ willingness to precept students. Formal training opportunities are needed to enhance studentsâ€™ clinical learning experience.Â Keywords: Precept; Willingness; Registered Nurses; Student Nurses; Jamaica.
Wearable device intended for detection of fog episodes in Parkinson´s disease
Authors: Rozo Hoyos Laura Carolina , Pulgarín González Juan Pablo , Morales Fandiño Paula Andrea , Gallego Londoño Jonathan
Published: October 2019

The episodes of Freezing of Gait (FOG) are a recurring symptom in people suffering from advanced stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). These are severe occurrences because they may cause falls to the patients, generating further traumas and concussions. In order to solve this yet ineffectively treated issue, this article describes the research that developed a device capable of predicting freezing episodes. On this project a wearable device was developed, which was able to predict freezing episodes based on the calculation of a freezing index (FI) determined by the signals obtained from an inertial measurement unit (IMU). This device was tested in three Patients and signals corresponding to normal gait and simulated Parkinson gait were taken. The results showed that FI obtained from Parkinson gait were much higher than those from a normal gait, validating this parameter as a key aspect in FOG prediction.
Diagnosis in industrial processes
Authors: Vásquez Capacho John William
Published: October 2019

This article describes the most important aspects in the diagnosis of failures on industrial processes. An analysis of process safety is seen from monitoring tools including expert systems as well as intelligent hybrid models. The article continues to identify aspects such as reliability, risk analysis, fault diagnosis techniques and industrial control and safety systems in processes. Reliability and risk analysis provide important information in a process safety tool; analyzes such as HAZOP, FMEA, Fault trees and Bow tie are described through this article. Then compiled and summarized the different techniques and models of fault diagnosis concluding with a presentation of control and safety systems in an industrial process
Análisis de ocupación espectral banda GSM 850 en Bogotá
Authors: Martínez Quintero Juan Carlos , Rugeles Uribe José de Jesús , Estupiñán Cuesta Edith Paola
Published: October 2019

Este artículo presenta un análisis de uso de canales y la medición de ocupación espectral sobre la banda GSM-850 para el enlace downlink mediante dos escenarios de medición; Se definió un sector de Bogotá, Zona norte, sobre el cual se trazó una trayectoria de sensado; identificando parámetros como BSIC, NCC, LAI, MNC, LAC, CI, canal BCCH, frecuencia Uplink, nivel de potencia entre otros; a través del equipo Qualipoc. Se evidenció una cobertura con 17 celdas a lo largo del recorrido de 2.96 Km, con reconexión en dos de las celdas identificadas, resaltando la modulación GMSK como predominante y niveles de potencia aceptables para las estaciones móviles según la norma 3GPP GSM05.05. Posteriormente se realizó la captura del espectrograma en esta misma banda identificando la convivencia de diferentes tecnologías de telefonía móvil y el uso de GSM en varios canales de frecuencias y espacios temporales, con ocupación espectral del 95.2%
Conocimiento didáctico del contenido como técnica interpretativa de una práctica docente musical
Authors: Rojas Gámez Germán Alirio
Published: October 2019

Esta investigación, como objeto de estudio desglosa en primer lugar una práctica de educación musical de un profesor de educación artística, en el grado sexto de un colegio oficial de Boyacá (Colombia). En la sistematización de instrumentos se aplican categorías para el análisis cualitativo de datos desde la perspectiva del constructo propuesto por Park y Oliver, conocido como conocimiento didáctico del contenido. En segundo lugar, se presentan antecedentes de investigación de procesos formativos de educación musical sustentados en el conocimiento didáctico del contenido y los métodos musicales del siglo XX, ya que estos aportes teóricos pueden relacionarse con las evidencias de los saberes didácticos que el profesor moviliza en la práctica. Además, en los resultados se aplica la estrategia de triangulación y el método de comparación constante para su fiabilidad. En el cierre de la revisión documental se plantean inquietudes sobre la enseñanza escolar de notación musical y flauta dulce soprano.
Algoritma Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, dan SVM untuk Klasifikasi Persetujuan Pembiayaan Nasabah Koperasi Syariah
Authors: Nurajijah Nurajijah , Riana Dwiza
Published: October 2019

The decision on financing approval in sharia cooperatives has a high risk of the inability of customers to pay their credit obligations at maturity or referred to as bad credit. To maintain and minimize risk, an accurate method is needed to determine the financing agreement. The purpose of this study is to classify sharia cooperative loan history data using the Naïve Bayes algorithm, Decision Tree and SVM to predict the credibility of future customers. The results showed the accuracy of Naïve Bayes algorithm 77.29%, Decision Tree 89.02% and the highest Support Vector Machine (SVM) 89.86%.