bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Shrimp injection with dsRNA targeting the microsporidian EHP polar tube protein reduces internal and external parasite amplification
Authors: Yaunlae Satika , Prasartset Tharinthorn , Reamthong Onrapak , Munkongwongsiri Natthinee , Panphloi Muthita , Preechakul Thanchanok , Suebsing Rungkarn , Thitamadee Siripong , Prachumwat Anuphap , Itsathitphaisarn Ornchuma , Taengchaiyaphum Suparat , Kasamechotchung Chanadda
Published: October 2023

The microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a major threat to shrimp health worldwide. Severe EHP infections in shrimp cause growth retardation and increase susceptibility to opportunistic infections. EHP produces spores with a chitin wall that enables them to survive prolonged environmental exposure. Previous studies showed that polar tube extrusion is a prerequisite for EHP infection, such that inhibiting extrusion should prevent infection. Using a proteomic approach, polar tube protein 2 of EHP (EhPTP2) was found abundantly in protein extracts obtained from extruded spores. Using an immunofluorescent antibody against EhPTP2 for immunohistochemistry, extruded spores were found in the shrimp hepatopancreas (HP) and intestine, but not in the stomach. We hypothesized that presence of EhPTP2 might be required for successful EHP spore extrusion. To test this hypothesis, we injected EhPTP2- specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and found that it significantly diminished EHP copy numbers in infected shrimp. This indicated reduced amplification of EHP-infected cells in the HP by spores released from previously infected cells. In addition, injection of the dsRNA into EHP-infected shrimp prior to their use in cohabitation with naïve shrimp significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the rate of EHP transmission to naïve shrimp. The results revealed that EhPTP2 plays a crucial role in the life cycle of EHP and that dsRNA targeting EHP mRNA can effectively reach the parasite developing in host cells. This approach is a model for future investigations to identify critical genes for EHP survival and spread as potential targets for preventative and therapeutic measures in shrimp.
Exposure and Health Impact Assessment of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Rice Sold on Ghanaian Markets
Authors: Jonathan Awewomom , Arhin Theresa Yvonne , Doudu Takyi Yaw , Opoku Francis , Tandoh Marina Aferiba , Amankwah Emmanuel Adu , Akoto Osei
Published: October 2023

This present study investigated the presence, levels and health impact of some trace elements in rice sold on some Ghanaian markets using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A qualitative scan and a further quantification with the ICP-MS revealed the following elements; boron (B), phosphorous (P), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), sodium (Na), molybdenum (Mo), silicon (Si), copper (Cu), sulphur (S), cobalt (Co), potassium (K), lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), chromium (Cr), Silver (Ag), beryllium (Be), aluminium (Al), strontium (Sr), tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), lead (Pb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), yttrium (Y), zirconium (Zr), barium (Ba), bismuth (Bi), arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd). The concentration of essential and non-essential metals follows the order: S > K > P > Mg > Ca > Si > Na > Zn > Mn > Fe > Cu > B > Mo > Ni > Co > Li and Al > Bi > (Sn and As ) > Ba > Sb > Sr > Be > Ti = V > Pb > Cd > Zr > Ag > Y respectively. The results showed that rice on sale on the Ghanaian markets are rich sources of S, K, Mg and Ca with moderate levels of essential minerals like Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu. The health impact assessment revealed that As, Sb and P all recorded hazard quotients greater than one. This implies that As, Sb and P could accumulate and adversely affect the health of Ghanaian adolescents, adults and the aged. The likely cancer risk (LCR) estimated from this study revealed that in children, adolescents, adults and the aged, As, Pb, Ni and Cd could individually and in combined accumulated concentrations induce carcinogenicity to consumers in Ghana overtime since the LCR and Total Likely Cancer Risk (TLCR) all exceeded the maximum safe limit of 1×10− 4.
A commercially available 2–aminoanthracene fluorescent probe for rapid and sensitive detection of hypochlorite in 100% buffer solution and its application in complex water samples
Authors: Suna Garen
Published: October 2023

Hypochlorite (ClO–), a crucial chemical in the living organism, engages in various physiological activities. However, high amounts of ClO– result in oxidative damage. In this work, a commercially available 2–aminoanthracene (AA) was used to detect ClO–. AA demonstrated distinct properties such as superior selectivity and rapid response (< 30 s) with a low detection limit (140 nM) towards ClO– in 100% buffer solution. Furthermore, the probe exhibited a notable achievement by effectively identifying the presence of ClO– in complicated water samples. In conclusion, AA offers an easy–to–use and accurate method for quantifying ClO– in complex water samples.
Revealing the Dominant Inheritance of the Multilocular Trait in Brassica Rapa var. Yellow Sarson: A Breakthrough in Brassica Crop Breeding
Authors: Bisht Charu , Prasad Birendra , Pant Usha , Verma S. K. , Gaur Amit Kumar , Gupta Shubham , Panwar Neha , Joshi Shivendra , Bisht Yashpal Singh , Prasad Himanshu , Deep Harsh
Published: October 2023

Yellow sarson (Brassica rapa var. yellow sarson) is an indispensable oilseed crop where the multilocular ovary trait enhances yield potential. Elucidating the inheritance pattern of multilocularity will empower breeding efforts. This study aimed to dissect the genetics governing ovary locule number in yellow sarson using crosses between multilocular (Pant Pili Sarson 1, NDYS) and bilocular (Pant Girija, B9) lines. F1, F2 and backcross generations were developed and analyzed for segregation of locule number. Results revealed monogenic dominant inheritance of the multilocular trait. All F1 progeny exhibited multilocularity, indicating dominance. The F2 population showed Mendelian 3:1 segregation of multilocular to bilocular phenotypes, confirming control by a single dominant locus. Backcrosses to multilocular parents produced all multilocular offspring, while crosses to bilocular parents showed 1:1 segregation, validating the model. These findings contrast with previous reports of recessive inheritance in Brassicas, likely reflecting differing genetic backgrounds. Nonetheless, the single dominant gene uncovered simplifies breeding efforts to enhance this beneficial high-yielding trait. By elucidating the genetics underlying multilocularity in yellow sarson, this work
Lack of pragmatic attitude of self-labelled pragmatic trials on manual therapy: A methodological review
Authors: Roura Sonia , Alvarez Gerard , Hohenschurz-Schmidt David , Solà Ivan , Núñez-Cortés Rodrigo , Bracchiglione Javier , Fernández-Jané Carles , Phalip Jules , Gich Ignasi , Sitjà-Rabert Mercè , Urrutia Gerard
Published: October 2023

Background
Pragmatic randomized controlled trials are getting more interest to improve trials external validity. This study aimed to assess how pragmatic the design of the self-labelled pragmatic randomised controlled trials in the manual therapy field is.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for self-labelled pragmatic randomised controlled trials in the manual therapy field until January 2022 were included. Two independent reviewers collected and extracted data related to the intention of the trial, the rationale for the intervention, and specific features of the trial and performed an assessment using the PRECIS-2 tool.
Results
Of 37 self-labelled pragmatic trials, the mean PRECIS-2 score was 3.5 (SD: 0.6). Choice of outcome measures, how the interventions were performed, the follow-up of the participants and how all the available data were included in the statistical analysis were the domains rated as most 'pragmatic'. Participants' eligibility, recruitment, and setting obtained lower scores. Less than 20% of the trials claimed that the aim was to investigate an intervention under real-world conditions and to make clinical decisions about its effectiveness. In the 22% of the sample the authors described neither the proof-of-concept of the intervention nor the state of previous studies addressing related research questions.
Conclusions
Self-labelled pragmatic randomised controlled trials showed a moderately pragmatic attitude. Beyond the label ‘pragmatic’, the description of the intention of the trial and the context of every PRECIS-2 domain is crucial to understanding the real pragmatism of a trial.
Ca2+ fortified oral rehydration solution is effective in reducing diarrhea morbidity in cholera toxin-pretreated mice
Authors: Tang Lieqi , Jin Shi , Winesett Steven , Harrell Jane , Fraebel Johnathan , Cheng Sam X.
Published: October 2023

Diarrhea like cholera remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally. Oral rehydration solution (ORS) that developed in 1970s significantly decreases diarrhea mortality; yet, it does not reduce diarrhea morbidity and its usage has reduced persistently. Patients with diarrhea lose not only monovalent ions Na+, K+, Cl− and HCO3, which are replaced via ORS, but also divalent ions Zn2+ and Ca2+, which are not routinely replaced, particularly for Ca2+. Using several in vitro technologies performed in isolated tissues, we have previously shown that Ca2+, a primary ligand that activates the Ca2+-sensing receptor, can act on intestinal epithelium and enteric nervous system and reverse cholera toxin-induced fluid secretion. In the present study, using the cholera toxin-pretreated C57BL/6 mice as a model, we show that the anti-diarrheal effect of Ca2+ can also occur in vivo. Our results raise a question of whether this divalent ion also needs to be replaced in diarrhea management. Perhaps, an ideal rehydration therapy would be solutions that contain both monovalent ions, which reduce diarrhea mortality, and divalent minerals, which reduce diarrhea morbidity.
Two-dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Females with Breast Cancer
Authors: Fawzy Ahmed A , El-Menyawi Khaled A , Sallam Walid M , Zahran Mohamed E
Published: October 2023

Background
Cancer and cardiovascular diseases are the main causes of mortality worldwide. Although the incidence of cancer is rising, modern comprehensive management including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy led to decreased mortality, but also different cardiovascular complications. Conventional EF measurement fails to detect subtle changes in LV function, so a more sensitive tool is needed.
Methods
The study included 101 asymptomatic female patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer who received anthracycline ± trastuzumab-based chemotherapy regimen. A comprehensive echocardiographic examination was performed before receiving the chemotherapy (T0), at 3 months (T1), and at 6 months after (T2). All patients had pre-treatment normal LV EF. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a decrease in EF > 10% from baseline value to EF < 55% in asymptomatic patients or > 5% in symptomatic patients “according to the cardiac review and evaluation committee (CREC)”.
Results
CTRCD occurred in 24 patients (25.5%) while RV systolic dysfunction was more common occurring in 37 patients (39.4%). LV GLS at (T1) (cut-off value <-15% with relative 12.5% reduction from the baseline value) was a strong predictor of CTRCD, but combining LV GLS with RV GLS & RV FWLS was the strongest (AUC = 0.947, sensitivity = 91.67%, specificity = 90%).
Conclusion
Chemotherapy induces biventricular changes with more prevalent deterioration in RV values. Low LV & RV strain values at baseline together with reduction of these values after chemotherapy treatment can predict later CTRCD development. Combining LV GLS with RV GLS & FWLS values at (T1) is the strongest predictor of subsequent CTRCD.
A novel defined cuproptosis-related signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ge Weiyu
Published: October 2023

Background
Cuproptosis, a newly discovered copper-dependent programmed cell death, was separate from existing other forms of cell death. Nevertheless, the characteristics of the cuproptosis-based molecular signature and the intertumoral heterogeneity of cell death in pancreatic cancer (PC) remains less studied.
Materials and Methods
To explore the intertumoral heterogeneity of cell death in PC patients, we assessed the enrichment scores of five reported cell death modes by single sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) analysis. Then, multiple bioinformatics and in vitro validation were generated to systematically assess expression profile, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration of cuproptosis-related genes (CGs) in PC.
Results
Our study found cuproptosis exhibited the only protective effect on survival compared to other cell death mode. We also evaluated the alterations in genomic backgrounds of CGs. We next identified two distinct molecular subtypes and determined the latent roles of CGs in tumor microenvironment (TME), clinical features and immunotherapy response. Accordingly, we observed that CGs subtype was associated with poor survival, stromal activation, immunosuppression and immunotherapy resistance in PC patients. Moreover, we established a highly accurate nomogram to facilitate the clinical viability of CGs score. A high CGs score, characterized by elevated mutation burden, and stromal activation, proved a poor prognosis. Additionally, higher of anti-PD-1 resistant-related signature was observed in high CGs score group.
Conclusion
These findings define a novel prognostic CGs signature for predicting clinical outcomes and immunotherapy response in PC, which contribute to precise risk stratifications and enable the exploration of more potent immunotherapy strategies.
Kinetic analysis and Dual biodegradation pathway for chlorobenzenes removal by Serratia marcescens strain TF-1 and its performance in contaminated soil
Authors: Chen Shangjie , Xu Fuqing , Xing Zhilin , Ran Dongni , Tang Jun , Li Juan , Xiang Jinxin , Zhang Qian , Zhao Tiantao
Published: October 2023

Microorganisms with specific functions have significant potential for use in the remediation of contaminated sites. In the past, this study investigated the optimal growth conditions and chlorobenzene (CB) degradation capability of the Serratia marcescens strain TF-1, a strain known for its CB degradation abilities, and its application in soil remediation projects. Under laboratory conditions, TF-1 exhibited its highest CB degradation capability and cell density at pH 7, with a 5% inoculum size, and a temperature of 30°C. The results indicated that TF-1 possessed robust pH tolerance and was suitable for use in contaminated soils with varying pH levels. Within a concentration range of 20–200 mg·L− 1, TF-1 demonstrated a CB assimilation and degradation rate ranging from 0.32 to 1.65 mg·L− 1·h− 1, which was 1–6 times higher than that of known CB-degrading bacteria. Furthermore, the study confirmed that TF-1 could co-metabolically degrade CB and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (1,2-DCB) using sodium succinate and sodium citrate as substrates, with significantly higher co-metabolic degradation rates compared to assimilative degradation rates. The addition of TF-1 and a remediation agent composed of sodium succinate to the contaminated soil enabled the removal of various chlorobenzene pollutants. Comparative diversity analysis before and after remediation demonstrated that TF-1 successfully colonized the contaminated soil and enriched the local microorganisms, such as Azoarcus, in the co-degradation of pollutants. As a novel CB-degrading bacterial strain, TF-1 had been applied for the first time in situ in the remediation of CB-contaminated soil, providing valuable theoretical guidance and practical experience for in situ CB-contaminated soil remediation techniques.
Relationship Teachers’ Perception of Organizational Justice、Job Burnout and Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Xia Kangyao , Pan Xiaofu , Cao Jian , Li Jinglin , Wang Yun , Liu Jie , He Lidong
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the teacher’s perception of organizational justice (POJ) and the organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and to reveal the mediating effects of teachers’ job burnout (JB) in POJ-OCB. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 1325 teachers in Chongqing and Chen Zhou, Hunan Province in China. Through a series of hierarchical regression analyses, mediating effects testing, structural equation modeling testing and dominance analysis, the results consistently showed that procedural justice is the positive predictor of OCB, while the teachers’ JB is the negative predictor of OCB. Furthermore, the result also demonstrated that teachers’JB could produce prominent mediating effects on the relationship between teachers’POJ and OCB, especially the passion burnout and professional self-effectiveness burnout.
Intention to use a mental health app for the menopause: a Health Belief Model approach
Authors: Martin-Key Nayra A. , Funnell Erin L. , Benacek Jiri , Spadaro Benedetta , Bahn Sabine
Published: October 2023

Background
The menopause presents a period of heightened vulnerability for mental health concerns. Web and smartphone apps may facilitate and improve mental healthcare provision. However, little is known about users’ intention to use such technologies.
Objective
To examine users’ experiences with and intention to use a mental health app during the menopause using the Health Belief Model (HBM).
Methods
Participants completed an online survey. Structural equation modelling was conducted to explore whether the HBM is a good fit for predicting intention to use a mental health app for the menopause.
Results
We found a good model fit (χ2(278) = 790.44, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.933, RMSEA = 0.047, SRMR = 0.056). Cues to action was the most significant predictor of intention (β = 0.48, p < 0.001), followed by perceived barriers (β=-0.25, p < 0.001), perceived susceptibility (β = .15, p < 0.001), and perceived benefits (β = 0.13, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
This study emphasises the need to address barriers to app usage, while highlighting the impact of credible endorsements and psychoeducation.
Caught on the Crossfire: Biodiversity Conservation Paradox of Sociopolitical Conflict
Authors: Hilario-Husain Bona Abigail , Guerrero Sarrah Jane , Tanalgo Krizler , Garcia Francisco Gil , Lerios Tessie , Garcia May Eva , Alvaro-Ele Renee Jane , Manampan-Rubio Meriam , Murray Sedra , Reyes Jamaica Delos , Cruz Kier Celestial. Dela , Abdullah Sumaira , Balase Sheila Mae Prince , Respicio Jeaneth Magelen , Lidasan Asraf , Buday Zafrullah , Casim Lothy , Cabasan Ma. Teodora , Pimentel Jonald , Tamon Florie Jane , Agduma Angelo
Published: October 2023

Biodiversity loss is a growing concern globally, but there’s a lack of knowledge on where to focus conservation efforts. It is therefore essential to determine priorities and barriers to biodiversity knowledge generation. In this context, we present evidence from the Philippines on how sociopolitical instability drives biodiversity shortfall. Our study showed that conflict leads to fewer biodiversity records, with low-conflict areas having higher turnover by more than 50%. Further, tree cover loss is lower in high-conflict areas. Security risks due to sociopolitical conflicts can significantly affect biodiversity recording efforts, potentially leading to underestimating species diversity in these regions. This study highlights the link between conflicts and biodiversity shortfalls, and the negative impact on biodiversity documentation efforts. While rare positive consequences exist, they are incidental and overall negative. Addressing the convergence of conflict, extremism, and biodiversity conservation is crucial for safeguarding ecosystems and human and nature's well-being.
Exploring the prognostic necroptosis-related genes and underlying mechanism in sepsis using bioinformatics
Authors: Liu Jie , Li Lin , He Shuyang , Zheng Xin , Zhu Dan , Kong Guangyao , Li Ping
Published: October 2023

Sepsis is a life-threatening disease due to a dysregulated host response to infection, with an unknown regulatory mechanism for prognostic necroptosis-related genes (NRGs). Using GEO datasets GSE65682 and GSE134347, we identified six NRG biomarkers (ATRX, TSC1, CD40, BACH2, BCL2, and LEF1) with survival and diagnostic significance through Kaplan-Meier (KM) and ROC analyses. The ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) highlighted enrichment in hepatic fibrosis pathways and BEX2 protein. We examined their regulatory targets and functional links with necroptotic signaling molecules via miRDB, TargetScan, Network analyst, and GeneMANIA. Hsa-miR-5195-3p and hsa-miR-145-5p regulated ATRX, BACH2, and CD40, while TF YY1 showed strong connectivity, concurrently controlling LEF1, ATRX, BCL2, BACH2, and CD40. CD40 exhibited similar expression patterns to RIPK3 and MLKL, and LEF1 was functionally associated with MLKL. Additionally, DrugBank analysis identified Paclitaxel, Docetaxel, and Rasagiline as potential BCL2-targeting sepsis treatments. Real-Time Quantitative PCR confirmed ATRX, TSC1, and LEF1 down-regulation in sepsis samples, contrasting CD40's increased expression in case samples. Variations in BACH2 and BCL2 expression between disease and normal samples may result from sample differences. In conclusion, ATRX, TSC1, CD40, BACH2, BCL2, and LEF1 may be critical regulatory targets of necroptosis in sepsis, providing a basis for further necroptosis-related studies in sepsis.
Causal relationship between Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Psychiatric Disorders: a two-sample Mendelian randomization
Authors: Wang Kuangyi , jiang yufeng , Zhou Yafeng
Published: October 2023

Background
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a prevalent genetic cardiovascular disease associated with increased arrhythmia and sudden death risk, especially in young individuals. Mental disorders, such as epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and depression, are also influenced by genetic factors. Our study utilizes Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and these mental disorders, shedding light on potential pathogenic links and disease risks. This MR-based analysis offers a novel perspective in exploring these connections.
Methods
We employed a comprehensive approach to select genetic instrumental variables for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), epilepsy, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and depression from different databases. Subsequently, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to evaluate causal relationships between HCM and the five psychiatric disorders. We applied appropriate methods based on heterogeneity, including Cochran's Q test and fixed-effects Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) method. Sensitivity analysis, the maximum likelihood method, was employed to assess causality robustness. Directional pleiotropy was evaluated using the MR-Egger method, and the "leave-one-out" method was applied to gauge individual SNP influence.
Results
Our analysis identified a promoting effect of depression (fixed effects IVW: p-value = 0.0031, OR = 1.0044, 95% CI=(1.0015, 1.0073)) on HCM. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of our findings, with no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy detected.
THE ROMANS ON THE BARBARIANS MORALS (I C. B.C. – IV C.A.D.)
Authors: ЕРМОЛОВА И.Е.
Published: October 2023

Целью главы является исследование римских письменных сочинений о внешних племенах, чтобы попытаться понять, всегда ли реальность, сконструированная средствами языка, была тождественна самой реальности как последовательности фактов, событий, явлений. Все другие народы древние греки называли варварами. Они и древние римляне относились к ним свысока, с чувством превосходства. Со временем в античной литературе сформировался стереотипный образ варвара, вне зависимости от того, о каком конкретном племени идет речь, который передавался из поколения в поколение. Римские авторы внесли значительный вклад в создание портрета варвара, главным образом, негативного. В своих сочинениях они акцентировали внимание слушателей и читателей на дикости, грубости, свирепости, жестокости, алчности и других отрицательных чертах представителей различных племен, с которыми контактировала Римская империя, таким образом, успешно манипулируя общественным мнением, вызывая страх и презрение к ним, а также провоцируя по отношению к ним жестокость и варварское насилие.

The purpose of the chapter is to study the Roman written writings about external tribes in order to try to understand whether reality constructed by means of language was always identical to reality itself as a sequence of facts, events, phenomena. The ancient Greeks called all other peoples barbarians. They and the ancient Romans treated them haughtily, with a sense of superiority. Over time, a stereotypical image of a barbarian was formed in ancient literature, regardless of which particular tribe it was about, which was passed down from generation to generation. Roman authors made a significant contribution to the creation of a portrait of the barbarian, mainly negative. In their writings, they focused the attention of listeners and readers on savagery, rudeness, ferocity, cruelty, greed and other negative traits of representatives of various tribes with whom the Roman Empire was in contact, thus successfully manipulating public opinion, causing fear and contempt for them, as well as provoking cruelty and barbaric violence against them.
«A NAME AND A BAD NAME ARE THE SAME»: NICKNAMES AND INSULTS OF ANCIENT AND MODERN ATHLETES
Authors: СЕЛИВАНОВА Л.Л.
Published: October 2023

Наш стремительно развивающийся мир является свидетелем возрождения, казалось бы, давно забытого варварства. Восстав из пепла, оно пронизывает все области коммуникации, включая язык. Вербальное варварство наиболее ярко проявляется в таких брутальных сферах общественной деятельности, как война и спорт, где враг / соперник унижается не только делом, но словом. Корни этого варварского поведения уходят в античность, где и возник атлетизм, предшественник современного спорта. В главе анализируются причины возникновения в языке цивилизованных греков и римлян прозвищ, словесных оскорблений атлетов, грубости и насмешек в их адрес, и приводятся сопоставления с аналогичной ситуацией в современном спорте. Среди прочих тем поднимается вопрос о том, какую опасность представляло и продолжает представлять словесное варварство. Автор приходит к выводу, что это явление возникло в античности вследствие политического кризиса и размывания традиционной системы ценностей после победы демократии над аристократией. Возродившись в конце XIX в., современные Олимпийские игры, несмотря на романтические настроения их инициатора, барона Пьера де Кубертена, пошли по пути античного атлетизма периода упадка и деградации.

Our rapidly developing world is witnessing the revival of a seemingly long-forgotten barbarism. Rising from the ashes, it permeates all spheres of social activities, including language. Verbal barbarity reveals itself most visibly in such brutal spheres of social activities as war and sports, which aim to dominate the opponent not only physically but verbally as well. The roots of this barbaric behavior go back to antiquity, which was the cradle of athleticism and the precursor of modern sports. The chapter analyzes the reasons why the language of the civilized Greeks and Romans included bad nicknames, verbal insults of athletes, rudeness and ridicule in their address, and adduces comparisons with a similar situation in modern sports. Among other topics, it raises the question of what kind of danger was and is still being posed by verbal barbarity. The author concludes that this phenomenon emerged in antiquity as a consequence of a political crisis and a dilution of the traditional system of values after the victory of democracy over aristocracy. Having been revived in the late 19th century, the modern Olympic games, despite the romantic sentiment of their initiator, Baron Pierre de Coubertin, have followed ancient athleticism’s path of the period of decay and degradation.
BARBARIC DEEDS AND WORDS: ALEXANDER OF MACEDON AND ARISTON OF PAEONIF ON THE BANKS OF THE TIGRIS
Authors: КЛЕЙМЕНОВ А.А.
Published: October 2023

Цель исследования заключается в анализе культурно-ментальных аспектов взаимодействия пеонийского командира Аристона и Александра Великого после кавалерийского боя у реки Тигр. Задачами являются определение обстоятельств и значения столкновения македонской и персидской конницы, рассмотрение действий Аристона в контексте особенностей ценностных установок военной элиты балканских варварских сообществ, выявление связи реакции Александра на поведение Аристона с традициями, характерными для Македонии времен Аргеадов. Исследование опиралось на всесторонний анализ письменных источников, сравнительно-исторический метод, метод контент-анализа. Определено, что в сентябре 331 г. до н.э. после переправы македонского войска через реку Тигр имел место бой смешанного отряда кавалерии Александра и 1 000 персидских всадников, в итоге которого персы были рассеяны. Особо отличился предводитель подразделения пеонийских всадников Аристон, убивший командира персов и принесший его отрубленную голову Александру, высказав желание получить за это золотую чашу. Подобные действия соответствовали воинским традициям пеонов и других балканских варваров. Александр согласился исполнить желание Аристона, а также сообщил о намерении выпить за здоровье пеонийского предводителя несмешанного вина. Определяется, что этим полководец показал, что как представитель македонской военной элиты понимает и разделяет ценностные установки балканского героического этоса.

The main aim of the research is the analysis of cultural and mental aspects of Paeonian commander Ariston and Alexander the Great after the cavalry battle by the river Tigris. The targets of the research are determination of the circumstances and significance of the collision of the Macedonian and Persian cavalry, consideration of Ariston’s action in the context of the features of value attitudes the military elite of the Balkan barbaric societies’ identification of Alexander’s reaction connection on Ariston’s behavior with traditions characteristic of Argead Macedonia. A multi-faceted approach to the ancient narrative sources, methods of comparative historical analysis and content analysis have been used. It is defended that in September 331 BC after the crossing the river Tigris of the Macedonian army there was a battle of a mixed detachment of cavalry of Alexander and 1,000 Persian horsemen. As a result of the battle, the Persians were scattered. Especially distinguished himself the commander of the Paeonian cavalry Ariston, who killed the leader of the Persians and brought his severed head to Alexander. Ariston expressed a desire to receive a gold cup for this. Such actions corresponded to the military traditions of the Paeonians and others Balkan barbarians. Alexander agreed to fulfill Ariston’s wish, and also announced his intention to drink to health Paeonian commander unmixed wine. It is defended that in this way the commander showed that as a representative of the Macedonian military elite he understood and shared values of the Balkan heroic ethos.
FROM WORD TO ACTION: VERBAL AND PHYSICAL BARBARISM AS AN INDICATOR OF A CIVILIZED SOCIETY
Authors: КУЗЬМИНА М.В.
Published: October 2023

Глава посвящена проблеме вербального и физического варварства — форм варварского поведения на материале средневекового общества (Франция, XIV–XV вв.). Варварство как эквивалент неподобающего, грубого, жестокого отношения людей друг к другу противостоит цивилизованности — одного из признаков цивилизованного общества и является, по сути, индикатором, показывающим, можно ли говорить и в какой мере о том, насколько варварское присутствует в поведении как отдельных индивидов, так и в межличностных отношениях в данном конкретном обществе в целом. Варварство — неотъемлемая часть поведенческих характеристик людей, живущих в цивилизованном обществе (в одних оно проявляется более ярко, в других — вытесняется на периферию социальной жизни, но никогда не исчезает). Цивилизованность общества определяется не наличием таких элементов, а тем, как данное общество нивелирует их, контролируя соблюдение приоритетных моральноэтических норм, жёстко наказывая за наиболее опасные проявления и более щадяще — за менее опасные, с точки зрения сохранения социального мира, менее вредоносные.

The chapter is devoted to the problem of verbal and physical barbarism — forms of barbarian behavior on the material of medieval society (France, XVI–XV centuries). Barbarism as the equivalent. of an inappropriate, rude, cruel attitude of people towards each other opposes civility — one of the signs of a civilized society and is, in fact, an indicator showing whether and to what extent it is possible to speak about how barbaric is present in the behavior of individuals, and in interpersonal relations in this particular society as a whole. Barbarism is an integral part of the behavioral characteristics of people living in a civilized society (in some it manifests itself more clearly, in others it is forced out to the periphery of social life, but never disappears), however, the civility of a society is determined not by the presence of such elements, but by how a given society levels them, resorting, among other things, to monitoring compliance with priority moral and ethical norms, severely punishing the most dangerous manifestations and more sparingly — for less dangerous from the point of view of maintaining social peace, less harmful.
CONTEMPORARY DISCOURSE ON THE ORIGINS OF THE BRETONS: TENDENCIES OF CELTOSKEPTICISM
Authors: ЛЮБАРТ М.К.
Published: October 2023

На протяжении более двух столетий идея о том, что бретонцы являются кельтским по происхождению народом, являлась общепризнанной. Отсылки к кельтской истории и культуре являются одной из значимых составляющих (этно)культурной идентичности бретонцев, которая укреплялась на протяжении долгого времени под влиянием высокого интереса к древней и загадочной культуре кельтов, — кельтомании. Однако новые данные археологии и палеогенетики говорят о необходимости коррекции представлений о протоистории региона и начальных этапов этногенеза бретонцев, ставят под сомнение их кельтское происхождение. В этой главе анализируются современные тенденции кельтоскептицизма во французской науке и основные черты дискуссии в научном сообществе, развернувшейся в связи с этим.

For more than two centuries, the idea that the Bretons are of Celtic origin has been generally accepted. References to Celtic history and culture are one of the significant components of the (ethno) cultural identity of the Bretons, which has been strengthened over time under the influence of high interest in the ancient and mysterious culture of the Celts - Celtomania. However, new data from archeology and paleogenetics speak of the need to correct ideas about the protohistory of the region and the initial stages of the ethnogenesis of the Bretons, and cast doubt on their Celtic origin. This chapter analyzes the current trends of Celtoskepticism in French science and the main features of the discussion in the scientific community that unfolded in connection with this.
BASTARNAE: THE PROBLEM OF HISTORICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION
Authors: ГУСАКОВ М.Г.
Published: October 2023

Глава посвящена проблеме археологической и этнической принадлежности бастарнов, одного из племен европейского варварского мира конца I тысячелетия до н.э. Рассматриваются особенности участия бастарнов в миграционном движении племен на территории от Эльбы до Днепра. В предлагаемой вниманию читателей статье анализируется появление и исчезновение тех или иных археологических культур, представлена методика установления связей между ними, предложена типология историко-археологических сопоставлений. Анализируя эволюцию обряда погребения и особенность погребального инвентаря, автор приходит к заключению о правомерности ранее высказанного предположения (М.Б. Щукин) о принадлежности бастарнов к зарубинецкой культуре.

The chapter is devoted to the problem of the archaeological and ethnic identity of the Bastarnae, one of the tribes of the European barbarian world of the end of the I millennium BC. The features of the participation of Bastarnae in the migration movement of tribes on the territory from the Elbe to the Dnieper are considered. This article analyzes the appearance and disappearance of certain archaeological cultures, presents a methodology for establishing links between them, and suggests a typology of historical and archaeological comparisons. Analyzing the evolution of the burial rite and the peculiarity of the burial inventory, the author comes to the conclusion about the validity of the previously stated assumption (M.B. Shchukin) about the Bastarnae belonging to the Zarubinets culture.
POLITICAL DEFAMATION AND PUBLIC VIOLENCE AT THE MEROVINGIAN COURT IN THE LAST THIRD OF THE 6TH CENTURY
Authors: САЗОНОВА А.А.
Published: October 2023

Глава посвящена изучению негативных проявлений в вербальной реальности и политической культуре меровингского общества последней трети VI в., которые в форме клеветы и диффамации запускали процедуру судебных разбирательств, становились триггерами для убийств и жестоких расправ. Нейстрийский двор Хильперика и Фредегонды стал ареной ожесточенной внутрисемейной борьбы за власть, где за словесным обманом последовала гибель двух принцев и королев. Проведенный анализ показал, что основными направлениями по политической дискредитации и физическому устранению личных врагов королевской четы из светской и церковной элиты стали обвинения в покушении на убийство короля с целью захвата королевской власти и преследование за колдовские преступления. Одним из выводов статьи стало обоснование синхронии и причинно-следственной связи между тремя этапами горевания Фредегонды по умершим сыновьям и пиковой агрессией расправ королевы с ее политическими врагами. Автор предлагает новые исследовательские интерпретации для известных исторических эпизодов из аутентичных источников.

The chapter is devoted to the study of negative manifestations in the verbal reality and political culture of the Merovingian society in the last third of the 6th century, which, in the form of slander and defamation, started the trial and inquiry, became triggers for murders and bloodthirsty violence. The Neustrian court of Chilperic and Fredegund became the scene of a fierce family struggle for power, where verbal deception led to the deaths of two princes and queens. The analysis showed that the main directions for political discrediting and execution of the personal enemies of the royal couple from the secular and church elite were accusations of attempt on life of the king in order to seize royal power and prosecution for witchcraft crimes. One of the conclusions of the article was the verification of the synchrony and causal relationship between the three stages of Fredegund’s grief for her dead sons and the peak aggression of the queen’s barbarian cruelty against her political enemies. New research interpretations of famous historical cases from authentic sources are proposed.
CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO ORE PARA O COMBATE À COVID-19 NOS CENTROS CIRÚRGICOS
Authors: Cavalcante dos Santos Barbara Emanuelle , Francis Souza Bezerra da Silva Mariane , Nery Vieira Lara Camila , Agra Pimentel Cristiane
Published: October 2023

O presente artigo visa identificar as possíveis contribuições do indicador de eficiência ORE (Operating Room Effectiveness) para o combate à Covid-19. Foi empregado o método de pesquisa bibliográfica, analisando materiais existentes, e exploratória por se tratar de um estudo sobre um assunto de pouco conhecimento. Como resultados foram citados exemplos da aplicação do indicador ORE nos hospitais, e a importância do indicador está em conjunto com a filosofia Lean Healthcare, demonstrando a necessidade de melhorias na gestão dos Centros Cirúrgicos, contribuindo assim, para nesse momento de pandemia através da garantia da prestação dos serviços com qualidade, segurança e disponibilidade dos leitos. Colaborando também para a área financeira, pois alocando recursos ao que é necessário, evita desperdícios e proporciona lucros. E auxilia ainda para o conhecimento científico, visto que os resultados poderão servir de base para consulta em trabalhos futuros.

Palavras-chave: Centro Cirúrgico; Covid-19; ORE.
INDICADORES DE DESEMPENHO EM UNIDADES ASSISTENCIAIS ONCOLÓGICAS DO SEGMENTO SUPLEMENTAR
Authors: FERREIRA DA SILVA VERNECK , Pessoa de Queiroz Falcão Roberto
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo identificar os indicadores de desempenho utilizados em uso em instituições privadas do segmento oncológico da Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Método: o presente trabalho segue a triangulação metodológica pelo uso de métodos múltiplos. Fundamentação teórica: o Sistema de Medição de Desempenho permite às empresas controlar, medir e planejar seu desempenho com base em estratégias definidas. Resultados: a unidade assistencial UA1 apresenta 56 indicadores, incluindo as perspectivas assistenciais, financeiras e de manutenção. Já a unidade assistencial UA3 conta com 27 indicadores, enfocando no perfil do paciente em tratamento, nos indicadores de produção e nos desfechos clínicos; havendo somente um indicador que faz referência à questão financeira. Por fim, a unidade assistencial UA2 apresenta 13 indicadores e tem o perfil voltado para o paciente e para a produção da unidade. Conclusões: Os resultados das pesquisas mostraram que os SMD são norteados pelos indicadores de produção e pelos tratamentos realizados, faturados e recebidos através das unidades que são verticalizadas.
ANÁLISE ENVOLTÓRIA DE DADOS NA AVALIAÇÃO DE HOSPITAIS PÚBLICOS
Authors: RODRIGUES IGOR
Published: October 2023

Demonstrando por meio da modelagem da Analise Envoltória de Dados (DEA), este trabalho permiti aferir o desempenho dos Hospitais Regionais do Distrito Federal, afim de avaliar e comparar a eficiência dos onze hospitais regionais de Brasília. O objetivo principal é realizar uma avaliação da eficiência hospitalar diante dois aspectos: alocativos e econômicos. Nesse sentido, considerando as variáveis apresentadas pela literatura, foram escolhidos inputs e outputs para a criação dos indicadores de desempenho. A análise foi realizada em dois estágios, afim de alcançar resultados mais abrangentes, onde, o primeiro examinou a eficiência técnica e alocativa das unidades, por meio da dimensão de trabalho e produção ambulatorial. Já o segundo estágio, observa aspectos estruturais e financeiros para avaliar a eficiência econômica, com o propósito de reduzir os produtos indesejados e aumentar o número de internações por leitos. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que as unidades de médio porte se destacaram em relação as de grande porte e reforçaram o modelo DEA como uma importante ferramenta de avaliação comparativa entre os hospitais e para a análise da eficiência hospitalar.
The Infilling and Reclamation of Inland Waterways in Tokyo, 1945–1962
Authors: Hasegawa Junichi
Published: October 2023

As part of their reconstruction of the city following Allied bombing during World War II, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government infilled medium to small inland waterways (namely, canals and moats constructed during the 17th century) and utilised the resultant terrestrial strips for new purposes. Wartime damage reconstruction was conducted as part of the official city planning of Tokyo. During the 1940s, various waterways in Tokyo were infilled primarily with debris resulting from wartime bombing and, thereby, these landfills presented a model for the disposal of debris from disasters. In Japan, 115 municipalities were designated as war-damaged cities by the government, whose reconstruction was conducted as official city planning. The article examines how common the disposal of wartime debris via the in-filling of inland waterways was. The in-filling of Tokyo’s inland waterways caused the loss of watery spaces that are nowadays regarded as cultural heritage assets with recreational potential. Studies have either criticised the infilling of waterways or else underscored opposition to the activity. How then was it possible for the authorities to decide on infilling and land reclamation as city planning? Was there any social support for this project? Relatedly, should the decision by the metropolitan government to infill inland waterways be regarded as inappropriate? This article considers these questions and evaluates the modification of such areas after WWII.
Terracentric Visions and the Domestication of Aquatic Spaces: A case study of fishers’ huts in the Venetian and Caorle lagoons
Authors: Vianello Rita
Published: October 2023

This article aims to reconstruct the origins and evolution of the different types of fishing huts, commonly called casoni, which are widespread in Italy in the lagoon areas of the Upper Adriatic. The focus is on the role played by the casoni in the domestication of these lagoon spaces and on their evolution towards patrimonialisation. The first part of the article analyses the polysemic nature of the concept of aquatic space and proposes insights into different viewpoints and perceptions: from the terracentric vision to the recognition of indigenous knowledge; from the sphere of emotion, to the legislative arena. The second part argues how, in recent years, this emblematic example of human adaptation to a potentially hazradous space is evolving towards a new phase. In a period characterised by a crisis in the fishing sector, the simple fishers’ huts are gradually being transformed into tourist facilities. Paradoxically, this element of the local cultural landscape owes its survival to the 'marketing of tradition' often carried out personally by the fishers who have transformed themselves into tourism operators.
Water Narratives: Exploring the convergence of the Canal du Midi and its coastal landscape
Authors: Sun Pingyao , Bobbink Inge , Chouairi Amina
Published: October 2023

Considering ‘infrastructures as landscapes’ and ‘landscapes as infrastructures’, this article uses an open framework to reconsider the distinctive water infrastructure of France’s UNESCO-listed heritage Canal du Midi. More specifically, it profiles the Canal’s Mediterranean outlet. Viewed through a landscape architectonic lens, we investigate the canal, drawing on the theory of landscape narrative and using the illustrative method. The article identifies three crucial narratives – infrastructural, natural & environmental and social & cultural – that help to examine the spatial values of the Canal and its relationship with its southern coastal landscape. The study shows how the Canal du Midi has been transformed and has influenced its surroundings, becoming an integral part of the coastal landscape. We identify and analyse how the Canal functions as an infrastructure composition and an environmentally and culturally significant feature. The landscape narrative framework offers the possibility of sharpening the interpretation of water infrastructures beyond conventional problem-solving approaches by providing a holistic view of the Canal and its water landscapes. This, in turn, offers inspiration for the region's future development, which presently prioritises the preservation of the Canal du Midi and the regeneration of the surrounding area as distinct projects.