bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and practice of community pharmacists towards SGLT2 inhibitors
Authors: Alqudah Abdelrahim , Oqal Muna , Al-Samdi Ahmad , Qnais Esam , Wedyan Mohammed , Abu Gneam Majd , Alnajjar Roaa , Alajarmeh Manar , Yousef Elaf , Gammoh Omar
Published: June 2022

Background: Sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of oral anti-diabetic drugs which improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by preventing the kidney from reabsorbing glucose back to blood. Community pharmacists have long-term relationships with most of their chronic patients, so they play a key role in care for people with diabetes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess pharmacists’ knowledge and practice towards SGLT2 inhibitors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to meet the study objectives. A convenience sample of 348 community pharmacists in Jordan was recruited. knowledge and practice were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire created for the purpose of this study.

Results: A total of 400 community pharmacists were reached, of whom 348 answered the survey (response rate 87%). The results indicated that SGLT2 inhibitors knowledge score among community pharmacists in Jordan was 6.61 (out of 12). Factors like age, gender, location of the pharmacy, years of pharmacists’ experience had no effect on knowledge score; however, pharmacists who attended training courses on diabetes had higher knowledge scores. Additionally, pharmacists’ dispensing practice toward SGLT2 inhibitors had insufficient knowledge, such as lack of knowledge about the superiority of SGLT2 inhibitors over other anti-diabetics and inability to give the best advice to patients.

Conclusions: Our findings reflect a moderate knowledge among community pharmacists about SGLT2 inhibitors which may negatively affect the patients’ outcome; thus, continuous education for the pharmacists is essential.
A computational biology approach for the identification of potential SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors from natural essential oil compounds.
Authors: Hasib Rizone Al , Ali Md. Chayan , Rahman Md. Shahedur , Rahman Md. Mafizur , Ahmed Fee Faysal , Mashud Md. Abdullah Al , Islam Md. Azizul , Jamal Mohammad Abu Hena Mostofa
Published: June 2022

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has fomented a climate of fear worldwide due to its rapidly spreading nature, and high mortality rate. The World Health Organization declared it a global pandemic on 11 March 2020. Many endeavors have been made to find appropriate medications to restrain the SARS-CoV-2 infection from spreading but there is no specific antiviral therapy to date. However, a computer-aided drug design approach can be an alternative to identify probable drug candidates within a short time. SARS-CoV-2 main protease is a proven drug target, and it plays a pivotal role in viral replication and transcription.

Methods: In this study, we identified a total of 114 essential oil compounds as a feasible anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent from several online reservoirs. These compounds were screened by incorporating absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiling, molecular docking, and 50 ns of molecular dynamics simulation to identify potential drug candidates. The crystallized SARS-CoV-2 main protease structure was collected from the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank database (Protein Data Bank ID 6LU7).

Results: According to the results of the ADMET study, none of the compounds have any side effects that could reduce their druglikeness or pharmacokinetic properties. Among 114 compounds, we selected bisabololoxide B, eremanthin, and leptospermone as top drug candidates based on their higher binding affinity scores, and strong interaction with the Cys 145-His 41 catalytic dyad. Finally, the molecular dynamics simulation was implemented to evaluate the structural stability of the ligand-receptor complex. Molecular dynamics simulation disclosed that all the hits showed conformational stability compared to the positive control α-ketoamide.

Conclusions: Our study showed that the top three hits might work as potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents, which can pave the way for discovering new drugs, but further in vivo trials will require for experimental validation.
The influence of the dietary propolis on the fatty acid profile and the hematological parameters of seabream (Sparus aurata L. 1758)
Authors: Kaplan Çağlayan , Erdoğan Mete , Erdoğan Fatime , Aktaş Özgür , Pak Faruk
Published: June 2022

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of increasing levels of propolis addition as a feed additive in seabream (Sparus aurata) diets on the hematological parameters and the fish fatty acids profile. Seabream with an average weight of 12.04 ± 0.01 g were fed 0 (control), by 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 g/kg (abbreviated with P1.25; P2.5; P5; P10 and P20 respectively) propolis supplemented diets for 10 weeks. The experiment was conducted in three replications by adding 50 fish to 18 polyester tanks of 400 L. The trial groups were fed twice daily (09:00 and 17:00) by hand to satiation with feed containing 45% protein and 17% lipid. Although the propolis supplementation had no effect on seabream saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) contents increased significantly after the addition of 10 g/kg propolis. Therefore, the addition of the propolis to feeds significantly affected the total fatty acid composition of fish (p <0.05). As a result, the propolis supplement improved the quality of seabream fatty acid composition. At the end of the experiment, hematological parameters such as RBC (erythrocyte count in red blood cells), HGB (hemoglobin count in blood) and HCT (erythrocyte and hemoglobin count in blood) in blood samples taken from fish were found to be higher in P20 group than the other groups. There was no significant difference between the experimental groups (p > 0.05). The addition of the propolis to their feed did not have any effect on the hematological parameters of seabream. The results obtained showed that the propolis has the potential to use in seabream feeds.
Lateral line and caudal fin anomalies in common sole (Solea solea Linnaeus, 1758) from southern Aegean Sea
Authors: Cerim Hasan , Yapıcı Sercan , Yılmaz Özgen
Published: June 2022

This study presents two anomalies that were found in two wild common sole (Solea solea Linnaeus, 1758) specimens. Specimens were captured with 80 mm stretched mesh size trammel net incidentally (in June 2014 and in December 2015) from Güllük Bay, southwest of Turkey where is one of the important common sole fishery areas. Female common sole specimen has lateral line anomaly. According to observations, the lateral line has unordinary shape – labyrinth like, furcate. Other sample, male specimen, has caudal fin anomaly. The specimen has large body size and hence, it was thought that having no caudal fin did not affect its swimming ability besides activities like feeding. The present study contributes to literature about rare anomalies in wild fish stocks.
Macrofungal diversity of greenhouses at the Warsaw University Botanic Garden
Authors: Szczepkowski Andrzej , Gierczyk Błażej , Kujawa Anna , Dobrzyński Piotr
Published: June 2022

In 2019–2020 (for 13 months), 21 macrofungi species, both native (14) and inadvertently introduced from warmer regions (7), were found in greenhouses at the Warsaw University Botanic Garden. These included 13 species recorded for the first time in Polish greenhouses. Descriptions and photographs are given for 5 species identified, which are new to Poland (Gymnopus luxurians, Hemimycena ignobilis, Leucoagaricus meleagris, L. rubrotinctus, and Xylaria arbuscula s.l.). The highest variety of species was found in the greenhouses with the collection of tropical and succulents and cacti, with 11 and 8 species, respectively. The number of species ranged from five to four in other greenhouses. The current results increase the number of species reported from greenhouses in Poland to approximately 50. None of the identified species has a negative impact on the growth and health of plants in the greenhouses at the Warsaw University Botanic Garden and at present none of them are indicated as potentially invasive.
Eski ve Yeni Tanı Pediatrik Diyabetik Ketoasidoz Hastalarının Klinik Farklılıkların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZCAN Serhan , AKAY Seçil , BOZKURT İrem , UYAR Emel , PERK Oktay , BİTKAY Abdurrahman , KILINÇ UĞURLU Aylin , EMEKSİZ Serhat
Published: June 2022

Amaç: Amacımız, çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesinde diyabetik ketoasidoz (DKA) ile takip edilen daha önce tanı almış ve yeni tanı almış Tip 1
Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) hastalarının şiddeti, klinik özellikleri, komplikasyon varlığı ve sonuç farklılıklarını belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, 32 yataklı üçüncü basamak çocuk yoğun bakım ünitesinde geriye dönük olarak yapıldı. Hastalar yeni
tanı almış ve önceden tanı almış T1DM olarak ayrıldı. Toplanan tüm veriler gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: 107 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların çoğu erkekti (%51.4). Yeni tanı alan hastaların çoğu 6-10 yaş grubundaydı (%49.2).
Başvuru öncesi hasta şikâyetleri değerlendirildiğinde kusma şikayeti, daha önce tanı almış DM hastalarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
derecede yüksekti (p=0.041). Yeni tanı alan Tip-1 DM’de halsizlik, poliüri, polidipsi, kilo kaybı şikâyetleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede
yüksekti (p değeri sırasıyla 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001). Diyabetik ketoasidoz tedavisi sırasında yeni tanı almış DM grubunda hipokalemi
istatistiksel olarak daha yüksekti (p=0.015). Yoğun bakım süreleri arasında fark olmamasına rağmen yeni tanı konmuş DM hastalarında
toplam yatış günleri istatistiksel olarak daha uzundu (p değerleri sırasıyla 0.145, 0.007). Hastalarda mortalite görülmedi.
Sonuç: Okul yaş grubu, yeni tanı konan T1DM’de en sık görülen yaş grubuydu. Yeni tanı Diyabetik Ketoasidoz hastalarında poliüri,
polidipsi, kilo kaybı sık iken; eski tanılı diyabetik ketoasidoz hastalarında kusma yaygın olarak saptandı. Hastalar ve ailelerin bu semptomlar
ve hastalık hakkında bilgi düzeyini artırıcı eğitimler, ulusal reklamlar vb uygulamalar yapılmalıdır.
Understanding indoor air quality: A guide for primary care nurses
Authors: Henry Heather
Published: June 2022

Heather Henry looks at the impact of air pollution in the home
Health visitors' lived experiences supporting women with perinatal mental health problems
Authors: Duku Elizabeth Modupe , Lusher Joanne , Banbury Samantha
Published: June 2022

Health visitors play a critical role in supporting the mental wellbeing of vulnerable groups including perinatal women. This review synthesised qualitative and mixed-methods research from eight countries to provide a current understanding of how health visitors make sense of their experiences when supporting perinatal mental health problems. Electronic search engines were used to identify studies from 2011–2021. Of the 887 articles generated, a total of 19 eligible primary studies were selected for review. Clusters of themes emerged from the study findings and included health visitors' perceived role in supporting perinatal mental health problems and current practice in managing perinatal mental health. These included listening visits, cognitive behavioural therapy, referrals, and alternate inventions such as the internet-based-interventions. This review highlights the facilitators and challenges of these types of interventions along with the support and training needs of health visitors, which is of particular relevance in a post-pandemic world.
Bayesian Model Average for Student Learning Location
Authors: Lam Nguyen Viet , Khoi Bui Huy
Published: June 2022

The paper was conducted to understand the factors affecting the student’s learning location. The official study carried out an online survey through Google forms using a questionnaire with the participation of 125 samples. The Bayesian Model Selection shows that 03 factors are affecting student studying location (SSL), which are Students’ perception (PP), Price perception (PRI), Perception of universities in a big city (UNI). From the results, we have proposed many implications for improving student learning. This study uses the optimal choice of Bayesian Model Selection for the student learning location. Students’ perceptions (PP), price perceptions (PRI), and university perceptions in big cities (UNI) all have a 97.1 percent impact on student studying places (SSL). Model 1 is the best option by BIC, and four variables have a probability of 100%.
COVID-19 Impact Sentiment Analysis on a Topic-based Level
Authors: Hankar Mustapha , Birjali Marouane , El-Ansari Anas , Beni-Hssane Abderrahim
Published: June 2022

Last December 2019, health officials in Wuhan, a province from China, identified a novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2 causing pneumonia. In March 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 disease being a pandemic. During quarantine periods, people all over the globe were living under severe and overwhelming circumstances and expressing feelings of loneliness, dread, and anxiety. The pandemic has had a significant impact on the labor markets. As a result, several employees have lost their jobs while others are in grave danger to lose their positions the next day. In this paper, we developed a hybrid approach integrating sentiment analysis combined with topic modeling to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Moroccan citizens. The data used in this study includes comments collected from a well-known news website in Morocco called Hespress. Our approach follows a two-step process. In the first step, we implement a topic modeling method to analyze and extract topics from Arabic comments, and in the second step, we perform topic-based sentiment analysis to classify people’s feedback on extracted topics. The final results revealed that the expressed sentiments regarding all the topics are highly negative.
Foraging habitat characterization of green sea turtles, Chelonia mydas, in the Cenderawasih Bay, Papua, Indonesia: Insights from satellite tag tracking and seagrass survey
Authors: TAPILATU RICARDO F. , WONA HENGKI , MOFU BENYAMIN , KOLIBONGSO DUAIT , ALZAIR NUR , ERDMANN MARK , MARUANAYA BRAM
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Tapilatu RF, Wona H, Mofu B, Kolibingso D, Alzair N, Erdmann M, Marunaya B. 2022. Foraging habitat characterization of green sea turtles, Chelonia mydas, in the Cenderawasih Bay, Papua, Indonesia: Insights from satellite tag tracking and seagrass survey. Biodiversitas 23: 2783-2789. The distribution area of green turtles is not yet known in Cenderawasih Bay. On 20 November 2020, two satellite transmitters were attached to two female green turtles (Chelonia mydas Linnaeus, 1758) on Kalilemon, Southwest Cenderawasih Bay, Papua Province, Indonesia. Kalilemon area and Mangga Island as part of Kwatisore waters are the major foraging areas for this species and are under threat of turtle opportunistic poachers. The results show that the two turtles (Mary and Nona) dispersed and used limited but consistent and different foraging grounds during the tracking period through the satellite tags between November 2020-April 2021 at Mangga Island and Kalilemon. The composition of seagrass at both stations consisted of the same five species belonging to the families Cymodoceae and Hydrocharitaceae, with relatively different qualitative abundances. Overall, the mean chlorophyll-a content during the study period from November 2020-April 2021 ranged from 0.25-0.55mg/m3 at both foraging grounds (Mangga Island and Kalilemon). The mean SST during the study period ranged from 30.61-31.77oC in both locations. Before the next tracking attempt, more data on seasonal foraging and nesting activities are required. The result of this research is vital to determine the foraging grounds for green turtles related to the seagrass species with its abundance and key environmental factors in the management and conservation of sea turtles in the Cenderawasih Bay area.
The diversity of Carangidae (Carangiformes) was revealed by DNA barcoding collected from the traditional fish markets in Java and Bali, Indonesia
Authors: ANDRIYONO SAPTO , ALAM MD. JOBAIDUL , SULMARTIWI LAKSMI , MUBARAK A. SHOFY , PRAMONO HERU , SUCIYONO SUCIYONO , KARTIKA GDE RAKA ANGGA , SARI ALFI HERMAWATI WASKITA , SEKTIANA SINAR PAGI
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Andriyono S, Alam MJ, Sumartiwi L, Mubarak AS, Pramono H, Suciyono, Kartika GRA, Sari AHW, Sektiana SP. 2022. The diversity of Carangidae (Carangiformes) was revealed by DNA barcoding collected from the traditional fish markets in Java and Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2799-2806. Biodiversity has been utilized in various ways, including in fulfilling the protein needs of fish for coastal communities. For the island of Java, with the largest population in Indonesia, the intensive fisheries in the Java Sea are sufficient to support domestic food needs. This Carangid fish diversity study in Java is the beginning to identify commercial fish in Indonesia, which have been exploited for a long time. In this study, identification was carried out molecularly in the Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene region with the universal primary set and found a great variety of Carangids fish species. Thirty-three fish specimens have been identified, indicating two suborder groups, Caranginae (31) and Scomberoidenae (2). The Caranginae suborder group is more dominated with the most types of which are Megalaspis cordyla (3), Atule mate (3), and Decapterus macarellus (4). Meanwhile, the Scomberoidinae suborder is Scomberoides commersonnianus and Scomberoides tala. This study also found two species that have the potential to be ciguatera poisoning agents that need to be watched out for (Decapterus macarellus and Selar crumenophthalmus). Food safety in the fisheries sector has received considerable attention for a long time. Fishery commodities in highly polluted habitats are among the chains in increasing heavy metals concentration and the other residual chemical compounds that may impact human health.
Short Communication: Metabolites of Albizia inhibit in vitro growth of phosphate solubilizing microbial consortia isolated from tea garden soil of Darjeeling hills, India
Authors: SAHA SUMEDHA , GHOSH ARINDAM , ACHARYYA SUKANYA , BHATTACHARYA MALAY
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Saha S, Ghosh A, Acharyya S, Bhattacharya M. 2022. Short Communication: Metabolites of Albizia inhibit in vitro growth of phosphate solubilizing microbial consortia isolated from tea garden soil of Darjeeling hills, India. Biodiversitas 23: 2865-2870. Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) play a crucial role in maintaining the nutritional status and fertility of the soil. PSMs help in solubilizing the metallic phosphate salts of soil into available phosphate anions for easy uptake by plants. However, this beneficial group of microorganisms also face different challenges for survival from its immediate surroundings. This study was carried out to assess the effect of shade tree litters on the PSM consortia isolated from different tea garden soils of Darjeeling hills, since shade trees are an integral part of tea plantations. Albizia odoratissima, Albizia chinensis and Albizia procera, widely used in tea gardens as shade trees were selected. GC-MS analysis was carried out to detect the metabolites produced by the litters. Twenty-three compounds exhibiting antimicrobial activities were detected. Major peak was found in A. odoratissima, followed by A. chinensisand least in A. procera. Compounds like 1-heptanol, 2-propyl-, neophytadiene, phytol and squalene were common in all three extracts and are considered to provided antimicrobial activity to Albizia. A proportional relation has been observed between magnitude of inhibition zones and peak area percentage in Albizia spp. PSM isolates from shade tree gardens were observed to be more tolerant toward the leaf extracts.
Comparative foliar morphological and palynological studies of Cleomaceae of Assam, India
Authors: DAS BARNALI , ROY SHILPA , KALITA SUSHMITA , BORO KRISHNA KUMAR , NATH MADHUSHMITA , NATH NAMITA
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Das B, Roy S, Kalita S, Boro KK, Nath M, Nath N. 2022. Comparative foliar morphological and palynological studies of Cleomaceae of Assam, India. Biodiversitas 23: 2920-2934. The Cleomaceae is a well-known angiospermic family. There is no record of extensive study on the members of the family Cleomaceae in the state of Assam. Though the species Cleome houtteana is found abundantly in the studied area, it was not reported in any of the major floristic works of the region and it was misidentified as Gynandropsis gynandra by many of the earlier workers. So, the present work was carried out to do a detailed comprehensive study on the morphology, foliar macro and micro-morphology (epidermis, stomata, and trichome), leaf venation pattern, along with palynological characters of the four species of Cleomaceae viz. Gynandropsis gynandra, Cleome houtteana, Sieruela rutidosperma, and Arivela viscosa of Assam, India. These species show similarities with each other, but can be well differentiated using the studied characters here. Detailed taxonomic descriptions have been given along with relevant information and color photographs for the correct identification of all four different species.
Antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes isolated from mangrove soil in Tuban, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: FATIMAH FATIMAH , SUROIYAH FATICHATUS , SOLIKHA NIKMATUS , RAHAYUNINGTYAS NAZIL DWI , SURTININGSIH TINI , NURHARIYATI TRI , NI’MATUZAHROH NI’MATUZAHROH , AFFANDI MOCH. , GERALDI ALMANDO , THONTOWI AHMAD
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Fatimah, Suroiyah F, Solikha N, Rahayuningtyas ND, Surtiningsih T, Nurhariyati T, Ni’matuzahroh, Affandi M, Geraldi A, Thontowi A. 2022. Antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes isolated from mangrove soil in Tuban, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2957-2965. This study aims to isolate, identify, and investigate the antimicrobial activity of actinomycetes isolated from mangrove soil of the Mangrove Center Tuban in Jenu Village, Tuban District, Indonesia. Soil sampling was carried out with a purposive sampling technique. The dry-heating and pour plate methods were used to isolate actinomycetes. Four isolates (LIB.2; LIA.4; LIA.9; and LIA.10) were selected and tested for their antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 using disc diffusion method. Colony morphology characterization and Gram staining were then conducted on the 4 isolates. The identification of LIB.2 was performed by biochemical assay and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The results showed that crude antimicrobial extracts (CACs) of all isolates inhibited the growth of E. coli but not S. aureus and C. albicans. Isolate LIB.2 showed the highest inhibition zone with a diameter of 15,65 ± 2,33 mm, followed by LIA.9 (10,19 ± 2,78 mm), LIA.4 (9,80 ± 0,47), and LIA.10 (8,75 ± 0,42 mm). The most potential isolate was identified as a member of Streptomyces genera. Based on biochemical assay and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, LIB.2 was identified as Streptomyces vellosus strain LIB.2.
Herpetofauna distribution in different land cover types of West Java, Indonesia
Authors: MEGANTARA ERRI NOVIAR , JAUHAN JIRJIZ , SHANIDA SYA SYA , HUSODO TEGUH , FAUZI DERRI ACHMAD , HENDRAWAN RANDI , WULANDARI INDRI , YUANSAH YUANSAH
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Megantara EN, Jauhan J, Shanida SS, Husodo T, Fauzi DA, Hendrawan R, Wulandari I, Yuansah. 2022. Herpetofauna distribution in different land cover types of West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2990-2999. Herpetofauna is very sensitive and can be used as a biodiversity indicator. Herpetofauna can experience environmental stress due to agricultural activities, tourism, and other disturbances that result in habitat loss. Herpetofauna can be found on various land covers, such as natural forests and human-modified land. This study revealed species associated with natural forests, human-modified land, and both. This study aims to investigate: 1) herpetofauna distribution based on land cover types and 2) the disturbance that threatens the herpetofauna habitat in West Java. Visual Encounter Survey combination with the Auditory Encounter Survey, was applied in this study. The result of this study, the species were found in the natural forest (53 species), human-modified land (63 species), and crater (2 species). Thirty-nine species were found both in the natural forest and human-modified land. The habitat disturbance potentially threatens the species, such as land clearing (it will affect the microclimate of land cover), roadkill, infrastructure development, and tourism activities.
Ecological index of freshwater gastropods in Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Salwiyah Salwiyah , Purnama ‪Muhammad Fajar , SYUKUR SYUKUR
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Salwiyah, Purnama MF, Syukur. 2022. Ecological index of freshwater gastropods in Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3031-3041. Kolaka District is one of the existing centers of high freshwater gastropod diversity in Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. more than 30 species of inland gastropods occupy this area and some of them (species) are used by local communities as food (daily consumption). This research was conducted for 4 months, namely January-April 2021 in Kolaka District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the ecological index (abundance, diversity, evenness, species richness, dominance, and distribution pattern) of the inland gastropod community in Kolaka. The sampling location of gastropods was determined qualitatively using the purposive sampling method and sampling using a simple random sampling technique (Quantitative based). Gastropod samples were collected manually (hand picking) using a paralone pipe (3.5 inches), Sieve (1 mm), and Gloves. The total gastropod sample obtained during the study was 1929 individuals consisting of 9 families, 19 genera, and 33 species. The average abundance of the gastropod population reached 96.45 ind./m2 and the abundance of gastropod species ranged from 0.75-15.05 ind./m2. Overall, the results of the gastropod ecological index analysis showed a stable condition, where the diversity of gastropod species was categorized as high (H': 3.20), moderate evenness (E: 0.90), and high species richness (R: 4.23), dominant dominance. showed that there were no dominant species (C: 0.1) and the distribution of gastropods showed a clumped pattern (Ip: 0.01). Empirically the ecological index data is a scientific justification related to the sustainability of inland water ecosystems or a description of the current freshwater homeostasis system in Kolaka.
New records of mycobiota associated with stored wheat and its by-products in Iraq
Authors: FADHIL WASAN F. , AL-SAADOON ABDULLAH H. , AL-MOUSSAWI FALEH M.
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Fadhil WF, Al-Saadoon AH, Al-Moussawi FM. 2022. New records of mycobiota associated with stored wheat and its by-products in Iraq. Biodiversitas 23: 3099-3107. Wheat is a staple food for the Iraqi population and is an important feed source due to its high nutritional value. Consequently, wheat and wheat by-products are susceptible to various species of fungi during processing, transportation, or storage. In this paper, thirty-two selected fungal isolates were subjected to morphological and molecular analysis for identification through combined sequences of ITS regions, actin, calmodulin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and ?-tubulin genes according to the target fungal genus. The results showed that eighteen fungal species were identified from wheat grains, flour, and bran samples collected from different silos and mills in three provinces in southern Iraq. In addition, nine species were recorded for the first time from Iraq, i.e., Alternaria consortialis, A. japonica, A. lolii, A. multiformis, A. ventricosa, Aspergillus montevidensis, Cladosporium halotolerans, C. versiforme, and Staganosporopsis tanaceti. Brief descriptions of the new records are presented. This study represents an important addition to the mycobiota of Iraq.
The family Plagiochilaceae (Marchantiophyta) in Batang Toru Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: DAMANIK RISJUNARDI , PASARIBU NURSAHARA , SIREGAR ETTI SARTINA , SYAMSUARDI SYAMSUARDI
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Damanik R, Pasaribu N, Siregar ES, Syamsuardi. 2022. The family Plagiochilaceae (Marchantiophyta) in Batang Toru Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3127-3134. Investigation on the liverwort family Plagiochilaceae in Batang Toru Forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia resulted in ten taxon of Plagiochilaceae namely Plagiochilion oppositum, Plagiochila bantamensis, Plagiochila dendroides, Plagiochila denticulate, Plagiochila frondescens, Plagiochila junghuhniana, Plagiochila propinqua, Plagiochila sciophila, Dinckleria singularis, Plagiochila sumatrana, distributed under three genera Dinckleria (1 species), Plagiochila (8 species) and Plagiochilion (1 species). Plagiochila junghuhniana was the most observed species, while Plagiochila sciophilia was the least frequently encountered species in the forest.
Tolerance response of varied tomato genotypes grown at excess manganese (Mn)
Authors: ZAHARA SITI , CARSONO NONO , SUDIRJA RIJA , SOLEH MOCHAMAD ARIEF SOLEH
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Zahara S, Carsono N, Sudirja R, Soleh MA. 2022. Tolerance response of varied tomato genotypes grown at excess manganese (Mn). Biodiversitas 23: 3209-3218. High Mn concentration in acidic soil has been known as a limiting factor of sustainable tomato production. In addition, the number of tomato cultivars available to be grown under such conditions is still limited. Therefore, this study tested the Mn tolerance response among four tomato genotypes, Opal, Mutiara, Ratna, and Mirah, grown hydroponically. Nutrient solutions were added to Mn for concentrations of 0, 50, 100, and 200 ppm. The increase of Mn concentration ([Mn]) significantly decreased chlorophyll fluorescence and stomatal conductance. Shoot Tolerance Index (STI) and Root Tolerance Index (RTI) among genotypes were significant differences in response to Mn concentration. Genotype Mirah was the lowest Mn accumulation in the shoot and root compared to other genotypes. Most of the Mn absorbed by Mirah was accumulated in the roots. The tolerance ranks of the tomato genotype tested for Mn toxicity were Mirah > Opal > Ratna > Mutiara. This indicates that genetic composition plays an essential role in Mn tolerance. The tolerance response of Mirah was due to its ability to prevent Mn from being absorbed by the shoot, which led to the effect of shoot toxicity. This response might help improve tomato genotypes tolerance under high Mn soil.
Yield evaluation of curly chili lines in three lowland locations
Authors: SYUKUR MUHAMAD , SAHID ZULFIKAR DAMARALAM , SOBIR SOBIR , MAHARIJAYA AWANG , RITONGA ARYA WIDURA , YUNANDRA YUNANDRA , SULASSIH SULASSIH , ISTIQLAL MUHAMMAD RIDHA ALFARABI , HAKIM ABDUL , WAHYU YUDIWANTI , VICENTE TOBIAS MONIZ , MUKHLISIN MUKHLISIN , AGUSTINA KARLIN , YURSIDA YURSIDA , MUSLIMIN KUNCI , HAFSAH SITI , NURA NURA , SETYAWAN ANDRY
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Syukur M, Sahid ZD, Sobir, Maharijaya A, Ritonga AW, Yunandra, Sulassih, Istiqlal MRA, Hakim A, Wahyu Y, Vicente TM, Mukhlisin, Agustina K, Yursida, Muslimin K, Hafsah S, Nura, Setyawan A. 2022. Yield evaluation of curly chili lines in three lowland locations.Biodiversitas 23: 3219-3223. Yield evaluation of curly chili lines in three lowland locations. Increased consumption of spicy food is the latest trend in the 21st century. Curly chili as a type of chili that has a spiciness that is acceptable to the community is needed to meet consumer needs. This study aims to identify the growth, fruit, and yield components of several genotypes of curly chili. The study was conducted in multi-location at four planting sites. Each location used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Each replication used ten sample plants. Neno IPB as a chili variety produced by breeding has a faster flowering and harvesting time than all other genotypes. In addition, the productivity of Neno IPB was high and consistent in all cultivation locations. The results of the pheatmap analysis show that Neno IPB was one group with commercial varieties (Laris and Kastilo F1). A significant positive correlation based on Pearson's analysis was shown in the combination of flowering time-harvesting time, fruit length-fruit weight, and fruit weight per plant-total fruit per plant-productivity. However, flowering time-harvesting time-fruit weight per plant showed a significant negative correlation.
Insect community in sengon (Falcataria moluccana) stands damaged by stem borers at various altitudes
Authors: Sutrisno Yusuf Ardian , Triyogo Ananto , Suryanto Priyono
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Sutrisno YA, Triyogo A, Suryanto P. 2022. Insect community in sengon (Falcataria moluccana) stands damaged by stem borers at various altitudes. Biodiversitas 23: 3234-3242. A healthy ecosystem is characterized by a balanced interaction between its constituent components. Meanwhile, sengon or Falcataria moluccana stands are one of the ecosystems currently experiencing damage due to stem borer pests. The dominance of pests leads to an imbalance between the constituent components of the ecosystem, especially insects. Therefore, this study aims to examine the characteristics of the community and the role of each insect, as well as the pattern of relationships with the stem borer attack area. It was conducted in a 5-year-old sengon stand in the Cangkringan Sub-district, Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, at altitudes of 500, 600, and 700 m above sea level (asl), while observations and insect collection were carried out from March to August 2018 using pitfall and sticky traps, as well as sweeping nets. Furthermore, direct identification, specimens, and references were used to determine the insects to the morphospecies level, while the diversity (H'), evenness (E), and similarity (S) indexes were calculated to describe the community. The two-way ANOVA analysis was conducted to determine the effect of altitude and observation month on insects at the family level, while a correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between insect diversity and the stem borer attack area. The results showed that the insect community in the sengon stands consisted of 14 orders, 49 families, with 104 morphospecies. The most abundant was Family Formicidae (Hymenoptera) and the classification was based on the respective roles obtained in five groups, namely herbivores, predators, pollinators, parasitoids, and decomposers. The observation month, altitude, and interaction have different effects on insects at the family level, which includes Eucharitidae, Tephritidae, and Cicadellidae. Moreover, the abundance of Eucharitidae parasitoids decreased with an increase in altitude, while the herbivores with the highest abundance were Tephritidae at an altitude of 500, 700, and 600 m, as well as Cicadellidae at an altitude of 500, 600, and 700 m above soil level, respectively. Natural predators dominated by Formicidae (Hymenoptera) showed a similar tendency at every altitude and observation month. Based on the results, the higher the level of insect diversity in the form of population and species, the lower the stem borer attack area. Therefore, further observations need to be carried out on the natural predator found, including specialists or generalists, to obtain the most suitable for controlling stem borers.
Diversity and abundance of water birds in the mangrove area of south coast of Bangkalan, Madura Island, Indonesia
Authors: Ramadhani Ajeng , Ambarwati Reni , Gumilang Ragil Satriyo
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Ramadhani A, Ambarwati R, Gumilang RS. 2022. Diversity and abundance of water birds in the mangrove area of south coast of Bangkalan, Madura Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3277-3284. The southern coastal mangrove area of ??Bangkalan, Madura Island, Indonesia, is an important bird habitat, especially for water birds. This study aimed to analyze the diversity and abundance of water birds in the southern coastal mangrove area of ??Bangkalan, Indonesia, as well as the environmental carrying capacity of this area as their habitat. Sampling was carried out using a birdwatching approach at four research stations. The diversity of water birds was analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, while the abundance of water birds was calculated based on the abundance index. Environmental carrying capacity was analyzed descriptive-quantitatively based on the habitat profile. The results indicated that there were 15 species of water birds in the mangrove area belonging to five families in four orders, namely Charadriiformes, Ciconiiformes, Pelecaniformes, and Suliformes, with a diversity index of 1.547. There were three abundant species of water birds, namely the little egret (Egretta garzetta), Javan Pond-heron (Ardeola speciosa), and Great Egret (Ardea alba). In addition to water birds, there were nine species of arboreal birds in this area. The areas with dense mangroves provide better habitat carrying capacity for water birds compared to other coastal areas.
Diversity of butterflies in the tropical wetland of Kayan-Sembakung Delta, North Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Harmonis Harmonis , Rahim Abdul , Hidayat Hendra Adi , Saud Oshlifin Rucmana , Wilujeng Muhammad , Sampe Ruben , Kartika Karlina Fitri , Aminudin Aminudin , Butar Tunggul Butar
Published: June 2022

Abstract. Harmonis, Rahim A, Hidayat HA, Saud OR, Wilujeng M, Sampe R, Kartika KF, Aminudin, Butar TB. 2022. Diversity of butterflies in the tropical wetland of Kayan-Sembakung Delta, North Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 3303-3312. Butterflies, which belong to the order Lepidoptera, are considered superior biological indicators to evaluate environmental conditions in various types of habitats due to their high richness in biodiversity, short generation time, good movement, and high sensitivity. Since butterflies produce various benefits for the ecosystem, their conservation currently receives significant attention in order to improve human well-being. However, there is still limited research about butterfly diversity in tropical wetlands, especially in Borneo (Kalimantan) Island. Herein, we identify the diversity of butterflies found in the Kayan-Sembakung Delta, North Kalimantan, which is still unexplored so far. The area was dominated by mangroves, peat swamps, and brackish swamps. The research locations inside the Kayan-Sembakung Delta were divided into 20 groups. The specimen was collected by an aerial insect net and bait traps. The diversity index, taxonomy structure, and domination index were further investigated. The results showed that the highest individuals (69) and species (36) had been found in Pembeliangan. Altogether, we found 608 individuals of 92 species in the areas studied. Among others, the family of Nymphalidae was noted as the most dominant. We stated that the diversity of butterflies was also influenced by the type of habitat, as it could be found at the peat swamp forest where the highest species were found. In the meantime, some unique species have been found in the Kayan-Sembakung Delta, including Arhopala overdijkinki, Hypolycaena thecloides, Drupadia johorensis, Idea leuconoe, and Polyura jalysus. The results of this study are expected to give more information for future management and conservation of the wetland areas, especially in the Kayan-Sembakung Delta.
Exploring the lived experiences of parents caring for infants with gastroschisis in Rwanda: The untold story
Authors: Kidane Samuel , Shamebo Semay Desta , Ntaganda Edmond , Petroze Robin T. , McNatt Zahirah , Wong Rex , Rabideau Melany
Published: June 2022

Pediatric surgery is a crucial pillar of health equity but is often not prioritized in the global health agenda, especially in low-and middle-income countries. Gastroschisis (GS) is a type of structural congenital anomaly that can be treated through surgical interventions. In Rwanda, neonatal surgical care is only available in one hospital. The experience of parents of children born with gastroschisis has not been previously studied in Rwanda. The objective of this study was to explore the lived experiences of parents of children diagnosed with GS in Rwanda. A qualitative study using a semi-structured interview guide was conducted. Parents who had children with gastroschisis and were discharged alive from the hospital in Rwanda were interviewed by trained data collectors, from May to July 2021. Data were transcribed, translated, and then coded using a structured code-book. Thematic analysis was conducted with the use of Dedoose software. Sixteen parents participated in the study. Five themes emerged from the data. They were: “GS diagnosis had a significant emotional impact on the parents”, “Parents were content with the life-saving medical care provided for their children despite some dissatisfaction due to the delayed initiation of care and shortage of medications”, “GS care was accompanied by financial challenges”, “support systems were important coping mechanisms” and “the impact of GS care extended into the post-discharge period”. Having a newborn with GS was an emotional journey. The lack of pre-knowledge about the condition created a shock to the parents. Parents found support from their faith and other parents with similar experiences. The experiences with the care received were mostly positive. The overall financial burden incurred from the medical treatment and indirect costs was high and extended beyond the hospital stay. Strengthening prenatal and hospital services, providing peer, spiritual and financial support could enhance the parents’ experience.
First Principle DFT + U Calculations for the Optoelectronic
Properties of Cu and C-Cu co-doped TiO2 Anatase Model
Authors: Ullah F. , Mohamed N.M. , Ghani U. , Saheed M.S.M.
Published: June 2022

The metal-cations and non-metal anions mono-doped titanium dioxide (TiO2) systems have shown
limited success as an efficient photocatalyst for various photocatalytic applications. Instead, the
co-doping of TiO2 with metal and non-metal dopants is transpired as an effective doping approach to
reduce the wide bandgap of the TiO2 and harvest a greater amount of the visible solar spectrum.
Herein, a computational study was systematically performed to develop an efficient carbon-copper
(C-Cu) co-doped TiO2 anatase system and compared its optoelectronic characteristics with the copper
(Cu) mono-doped TiO2 system. The structural properties simulated with Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof
assisted generalized gradient approximation (GGA + PBE) whereas the electronic and optical properties
with Hubbard’s modified (GGA + U) approximation. The electronic band structure and density of
states plots display reduced bandgap energy of 2.30 eV for the C-Cu co-doped TiO2 anatase model in
comparison to Cu mono-doped TiO2 anatase model. Moreover, the absorption spectra display a redshift
of the optical absorption edge up to 515 nm for the co-doped system. Overall, the DFT work provide
clear insights and predictions that the C-Cu co-doped TiO2 anatase model has an efficient bandgap
narrowing with a significant redshift of the optical absorption edge in comparison to Cu mono-doped
TiO2 model.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Biological
Evaluation of Napthyl N-Acyl Hydrazone Derivatives
Authors: Sambrajyam J. , Rani M. Vidya , Rajitha G.
Published: June 2022

A series of 2-(benzamido)-N′-((naphthalen-1-yl)methylene)-3-(substituted phenyl)acrylo hydrazides
(4a-m, 5a-b) were synthesized by condensation of 2-(benzamido)-3-(substituted
phenyl)acrylohydrazides with 1-naphthaldehyde in presence of few drops of acetic acid in ethanol.
Structural elucidation of final compounds was confirmed by spectral data. Title compounds were
evaluated for antioxidant and antibacterial activities and subjected to in silico studies and molecular
docking studies with cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II, PDB I’d: 3LN1) and active compounds from docking
studies were selected for in vivo evaluation of their antiinflammatory activity. Among the series,
compound 4i showed good antioxidant activity; 5b showed good antibacterial activity. All the six
derivatives with good docking scores were selected for in vivo evaluation of their antiinflammatory
activity. Among the selected active compounds from docking studies, compound 4m showed good
antiinflammatory activity which is comparable with that of standard drug diclofenac. In silico studies
indicated that all the compounds followed Lipinski’s rule and exhibited good oral absorption and
bioavailability.
Reinforced Optical Properties of Sm3+ Complexes with
β-Hydroxyketone Ligand by Using Methylated Auxiliary Ligands
Authors: Poonam  , Khatri Savita , Kumar Manoj , Bhayana Seema , Khatkar S.P. , Taxak V.B. , Kumar Rajesh
Published: June 2022

Solution precipitation method was used to synthesize two avant-grade ternary complexes of Sm3+ ion
with 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxy-acetophenone (HDMA) as prime ligand and
5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenathroline (dmphen) as auxillary ligand. Characterization of these complexes
was accomplished by means of elemental analysis, 1H NMR, FT-IR and photoluminescence
spectroscopy. Emission spectra recorded at ambient temperature, displayed sharp emission bands at
564, 600 and 646 nm attributed to 4G5/2→6Hj (j = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2) f-f transitions of metal ion. The decent
decay time of luminescence and superior colour purity reported in complexes. The correlated colour
temperature of these complexes established them as warm light source. The quantum yield was also
evaluated for both complexes. HDMA alone could sensitize Sm3+ ion proficiently but the inclusion of
auxillary ligands neocuproine (neo) or 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenathroline (dmphen) resulted in reinforced
optical properties. The results of emission spectra illustrated that these ternary complexes can be one
of the most promising substances for fabrication of display devices.
Assessment of Novel Stability-Indicating Technique-based HPLC Approach for
One Genotoxic Impurity and Three Related Substance Impurities of Lurasidone
Hydrochloride: Degradation Studies on Lurasidone Hydrochloride
Authors: Ramanjaneyulu Siddabathuni , Narayana Rao K.M.V. , Pulipaka Shyamala
Published: June 2022

The present work communicates the selective quantification of a genotoxic impurity (P-LUH) and
lurasidone hydrochloride (LUH) related compounds (I1-LUH, I2-LUH and I3-LUH) as potential
impurities in the LUH active therapeutic ingredient using novel stability-indicating technique-based
HPLC approach. The P-LUH, I1-LUH, I2-LUH and I3-LUH were separated on column Inerstil ODS
3V having length size of 250 mm, identification value of 4.6 mm and particle dimension of 5 μm.
After that, a high sensitivity PDA detector at 231 nm was used to detect the signal of impurities. The
method was thoroughly validated and established to be accurate and also precise with a rectilinear
concentration range of 0.01% to 0.18% for P-LUH, 0.03% to 0.18% for I1-LUH, 0.033% to 0.18% for
I2-LUH, 0.031% to 0.18% for I3-LUH and 0.03% to 0.12% for LUH with regard to a 10 μL injection.
The LUH sample was exposed to UV-visible light open/closed conditions, heat for 10 days, relative
humidity for 10 days, 4 N HCl for 3 days, 4 N NaOH for 1 h, 6% peroxide for 7 h, Milli Q water for
88 h and to 0.05 M Cu2+ for 88 h. The LUH was satisfactorily determined in the existence of degradation
products including impurities, the LUH was satisfactorily determined. The formation of P-LUH,
I1-LUH, I2-LUH and I3-LUH during degradation studies on LUH was also studied. The P-LUH,
I1-LUH, I2-LUH and I3-LUH were effectively determined in LUH batches and the findings indicated
the use of a novel stability-indicating technique-based HPLC approach for the selective assessment of
trace impurities in LUH drug substances.