bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Perhatian dan Hasil Belajar PKn Materi Budi Pekerti melalui Metode Pembelajaran Talking Stick (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Pada Peserta Didik Kelas I Semester 2 SDN Ngiyono Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016)
Authors: Mashadi Mashadi
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to increase the attention and
learning outcomes of PKN in the second semester students of class I on
Budi Pekerti material at SD Negeri Ngiyono through the Talking Stick
learning method for the 2015/2016 school year. This type of research is
Class Action Research conducted in 2 cycles. Subjects of the study were
class I students, amounting to 18 students consisting of 9 male students and
9 female students. Data collection methods used are observation, tests, and
documentation. The results of the study showed an increase in the attention
and learning outcomes of PKN students. This is shown from the pre cycle
average value of attention and learning outcomes of students is 71.11 with a
percentage of completeness of 35.00% which reaches the value of
completeness. In the first cycle the average value of attention and learning
outcomes of students is 79.44 with the percentage of completeness 68.00%
while in the second cycle the average value of attention and learning
outcomes of students is 88.33 with a percentage of 96.00% completeness.
Attention and learning outcomes of students on PKN subjects Budi Pekerti
material in class I semester 2 increased with the application of Talking Stick
learning methods and has met the indicator of success that is equal to 75%.
Penerapan Metode Drill untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Passing Bawah Bola Voli Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Partini Partini
Published: April 2024

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to find out the application of the drill method in improving the results of volleyball under-passing learning of fifth grade students of Mlese 1 Elementary School in Klaten Regency, Semester I 2018/2019 Academic Year. The research subjects consisted of 18 students. The instrument used to measure the success of teacher and student activities in teaching and learning activities is by using an observation sheet, while measuring student learning outcomes is a cognitive, affective and psychomotor test. This
research was conducted in two cycles. The stages in this study follow the procedure of classroom action research, namely: (1) planning, (2) implementation of actions, (3) observations, and (4) reflection. From the results of the study concluded that the activities and learning outcomes of fifth grade students of SD Negeri 1 Mlese Gantiwarno District, Klaten Regency using the drill method showed maximum results, where in the first cycle the completeness level of teacher activities in carrying out learning activities only reached 72.72%
and increased in cycle II to 100%, for student learning completeness data 70% and experienced an increase in cycle II to 90%, this has exceeded standards based on minimum completeness criteria of 85%. While the learning outcomes of students in the first cycle only reached 66.67%, increasing in the second cycle to 94.44% or have reached the level of learning completeness set by the school which is 80%. Thus it can be concluded that the application of the drill method can improve the results of volleyball under-passing learning in grade V students of SD Negeri 1 Mlese Gantiwarno District, Klaten Regency, first semester of the school year 2018/2019.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KUMON DAN MEDIA GAMBAR GUNA MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS AKSARA JAWA PADA SISWA KELAS X ASISTEN KEPERAWATAN SMK BHAKTI KARYA KARANGANYAR
Authors: Wardani Putri Kusuma , Rahadini Astiana Ajeng , Veronika Prima
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan guna meningkatkan keterampilan menulis aksara Jawa pada siswa kelas X Asisten Keperawatan SMK Bhakti Karya Karanganyar menggunakan model pembelajaran kumon dan media gambar yang berjumlah 15 siswa. Penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) ini mengimplementasikan metode pendekatan kualitatif maupun kuantitatif. Data kualitatif bedasarkan hasil analisis dari wawancara guru kelas X mata pelajaran Bahasa Jawa, siswa, silabus, dan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Data kuantitatif berdasarkan hasil analisis dari hasil tes, observasi guru dan siswa. Hasil data tes dijabarkan dengan melihat nilai rata-rata saat pratindakan, siklus I, siklus II, dan siklus III. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada pratindakan, siswa mendapatkan nilai rata-rata 57 dengan persentase ketuntasan 13,34%. Pada siklus I menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dengan nilai rata-rata 71,2 dengan persentase ketuntasan 40,02%. Tindakan siklus II memperoleh nilai rata-rata 80,26 yang sudah memenuhi kriteria ketuntasan minimal, namun persentase 60,03% yang berarti belum memenuhi indikator kesuksesan penelitian. Penelitian dilanjutkan hingga siklus III dengan nilai rata-rata 87,8 dengan persentase ketuntasan 100%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, model pembelajaran kumon dan media gambar yang digunakan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis pada siswa. Maka disarankan kepada guru untuk menggunakan dan memilih model dan media pembelajaran variatif seperti model pembelajaran kumon dan media gambar, serta memotivasi siswa untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis aksara Jawa pada siswa. 

 
NILAI RELIGIOSITAS SYIIRAN DI KABUPATEN BOYOLALI SERTA RELEVANSINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA JAWA SMA/SMK/MA
Authors: Nuryulianto Risky , Waluyo Budi , Kurwidaria Favorita
Published: April 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan (1) menjabarkan nilai-nilai religiositas yang terkandung di dalam karya sastra lisan berupa syiiran yang ada di Kabupaten Boyolali dengan menggunakan kajian pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik (2) menjelaskan dan menjabarkan relevansi hasil analisis karya sastra lisan yang berupa syiiran di Kabupaten Boyolali di dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Jawa SMA/SMK/MA. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kualitiatif dengan menggunakan analisis pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik. Sumber data yaitu berupa observasi, informan, dan dokumen. Uji validitas data di dalam penelitian ini adalah triangulasi data. Teknik sampling di dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling. Di dalam pengumpulan data yaitu  dengan cara wawancara, observasi, dan analisis dokumen. Untuk teknik analisis data yaitu dengan menggunakan cara pengumpulan data, reduksi data, menyajikan data, dan mengambil kesimpulan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan analisis pembacaan heuristik dan hermeneutik di dalam syiir-syiir ini memiliki nilai-nilai religiositas. Kesimpulan yang dihasilkan di dalam penelitian ini adalah syiir-syiir yang ada di dalam penelitian ini memiliki keterkaitan atau relevansi apabila digunakan sebagai materi ajar dalam pembelajaran bahasa Jawa Sekolah Menengah Atas sederajat. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari hasil analisis penelitian syiir terhadap Kompetensi Dasar mengenai tembang macapat. 
Analisis Struktur Naratif Cerita Sumur Sanga dan Kebo Bule Serta Tanggapan Dari Masyarakat
Authors: Pramesti Amanda Pisan , Rosaratri Anjeli Yunita , Widyarini Aprilia Kristian Intan , Yansa Prisa Eka
Published: April 2024

Sastra sebagai  wujud kebudayaan yang hidup dan berkembang dalam masyarakat. Pada penelitian ini, kami mengangkat sastra lisan mengenai Sumur Sanga dan Kebo Bule. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui struktur naratif cerita dari Sumur Sanga dan Kebo Bule serta tanggapan masyarakat terhadap dua cerita tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode struktur naratif Alan Dundes. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan motifeme dari Sumur Sanga yaitu lack, interdiction, task, lack, dan lack liquidate. Sedangkan Kebo Bule ditemukan motifeme lack liquidate, task, lack, lack liquidate, task completed, dan lack liquidate. Dapat disimpulkan dari kedua cerita tersebut terdapat motifeme yang sama yakni diakhiri motifeme lack liquidate. Sedangkan perbedaannya didalam cerita Sumur Sanga terdapat motifem interdiction dan pada cerita Kebo Bule tidak ada interdiction tetapi ada task completed. Selain itu, terdapat tanggapan dari masyarakat terhadap mitos cerita Sumur Sanga dan Kebo Bule yang sebagian masyarakat mempercayai mitos tersebut.
An Assessment of Open Fracture Management in Hospitals in Malawi Before and Immediately After Implementing Open Fracture Guidelines
Authors: Sabawo Maureen , Jaffry Zahra , Chokotho Linda , Schade Alexander Thomas
Published: April 2024

Background:

Open fractures, a common consequence of road traffic collisions, are associated with a high risk of complications. The introduction of standard guidelines has been shown to improve patient care and reduce the risk of complications in several countries. In September 2021, the Malawi Orthopaedic Association/Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen Alliance (MOA/AOA) guidelines and standards for open fracture management were introduced in Malawi. This study aimed to assess the management of open fractures in hospitals in Malawi, before and after implementing a training course on the MOA/AOA open fracture guidelines.

Methods:

This was a descriptive and quantitative, before-and-after study that reviewed the medical files of patients with open fractures at Zomba Central Hospital and Mulanje, Salima, and Mangochi district hospitals over two 3-month periods. Variables included initial assessment; antibiotic prophylaxis; place of debridement; type of anesthesia; treatment of the open fracture in the emergency department, operating room, and wards; and short-term complications requiring hospital treatment.

Results:

A total of 88 open-fracture case files were reviewed; 43 were prior and 45 were subsequent to the implementation of the open fracture guidelines. The overall median patient age was 36 years (interquartile range, 27 to 45 years), and 91% (80) were male. Limb neurovascular status assessment and documentation improved from 26% (11) of the patients before the guidelines to 62% (28) afterward (p = 0.0002). The percentage who underwent debridement in the operating room significantly increased from 19% (8) to 69% (31) (p = 0.01). The percentage who underwent debridement under general or spinal anesthesia significantly increased from 5% (2) to 38% (17) and from 12% (5) to 29% (13), respectively (p= 0.001). The wound infection rate decreased from 21% to 11%, but this was not significant, and there was no change in the overall complication rate (p = 0.152).

Conclusions:

This study suggests that training on the MOA/AOA open fracture management guidelines followed by their implementation can lead to at least temporary improvement in the management of open fractures. Nevertheless, additional studies need to be performed to understand the effect on long-term patient outcomes.

Levels of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
La producción científica sobre playas levantadas en las Islas Shetland del Sur (Antártida Marítima)
Authors: Ferri-Hidalgo Lidia , García-Hernández Cristina , Ruiz-Fernández Jesús
Published: April 2024

Las playas levantadas constituyen una de las mejores evidencias geomorfológicas que atestiguan el cambio relativo del nivel del mar ligado al retroceso de los glaciares desde la última glaciación. En las Islas Shetland del Sur (Antártida marítima), tales morfologías resultan especialmente abundantes, habiendo sido estudiadas en diferentes épocas, usando distintos métodos y a través de distintas perspectivas. El objetivo general de este trabajo es buscar y clasificar la producción científica sobre las playas levantadas en las Islas Shetland del Sur. Para ello, se exploraron los principales repositorios de publicaciones científicas obteniendo una lista definitiva de 65 trabajos que integran el conocimiento general adquirido desde la década de 1960 hasta la actualidad. Durante este período, los estudios geomorfológicos son los más frecuentes, alcanzando un máximo en la década de 2010, seguidos por investigaciones que emplean métodos geocronológicos para datar las playas levantadas. En la década de 2000 aumentó la cantidad de datos y registros, reflejado en la publicación de artículos de revisión. En la última década (2010-2019), los trabajos muestran un enfoque más multidisciplinario, integrando diversas técnicas de datación, incluyendo el ambiente periglaciar y la teledetección. Se concluye que se ha recopilado una cantidad significativa de conocimiento y datos científicos sobre las playas levantadas en las Islas Shetland del Sur, utilizando diversos enfoques, métodos y análisis.
Field Validation of a Universally Applicable Condition-Based Maintenance System for Mud Pumps
Authors: Yoon Dongyoung , Ashok Pradeepkumar , van Oort Eric , Annaiyappa Pradeep , Abe Shungo , Ebitani Akira
Published: April 2024

Although mud pumps are considered to be critical rig equipment, their health monitoring currently still relies on infrequent human observation and monitoring. This approach often fails to detect pump damage at an early stage, resulting in nonproductive time (NPT) and increased well construction costs when initial damage progresses and pumps go down unexpectedly and catastrophically. Automated approaches to condition-based maintenance (CBM) of mud pumps to date have failed due to the lack of a generalized solution applicable to any pump type and/or operating conditions.

This paper presents a field-validated universally applicable solution to mud pump CBM. The system uses a sensor package that includes acoustic emission sensors and accelerometers in combination with anomaly detection deep learning data analysis to pinpoint any abnormal behavior of the pump and its components. The deep learning models are trained with undamaged normal state data only, and a damage score characterizing the extent of damage to the mud pump is calculated to identify the earliest signs of damage. The system can then generate alerts to notify the rig crew of the damage level of key mud pump components, prompting proactive maintenance actions.

Field tests were conducted while drilling an unconventional shale well in west Texas, USA, and a geothermal well in Japan (i.e., two very different drilling operations) to verify the feasibility and general applicability of the developed pump CBM solution. Sensors were attached to pump modules, and data were collected and analyzed using the deep learning models during drilling operations. During the field tests, different hyperparameters and features were compared to select the most effective ones for identifying damage while at the same time delivering low false positive rates (i.e., false alarms during normal state pump operation). The system required only several hours of normal state data for training with no prior pump information. Moreover, it correctly identified the degradation of the pump, swabs, and valves and produced early alerts several hours (in the range of 0.5–17 hours) before actual pump maintenance action was taken by the rig crew.

This generally applicable pump CBM system eliminates the environmental, health, and safety concerns that can occur during human-based observations of mud pump health and avoids unnecessary NPT associated with catastrophic pump failures. The final version of this system will be a fully self-contained magnetically attachable box containing sensors and a processor, generating simple indicators for recommending proactive pump maintenance tasks when needed.
Inhibition Mechanism of Bionic Drainage Hole on Cavitation Flow in the Regulating Valve
Authors: He Jie , Zhang Yujia , Liu Weiwei , Liu Xiumei , Li Beibei
Published: April 2024

A valve seat structure with some bionic drainage of the regulating valve was designed which is inspired by the cuttlefish. The development and collapse of cavitation flow in the valve with this bionic valve seat was investigated with numerical simulation, experimental measurement and theoretical analysis. The influence of bionic drainage valve seat on the internal cavitation development and the distribution of three-dimensional cavitation morphology was also fully discussed. The results show that the bionic drainage hole structure destroyed the distribution law of the cavitation ring in the flow channel, and accelerated the collapse of the cavitation flow which mainly concentrates on the inner surface of the valve seat. Furthermore, the bionic drainage hole structure causes the vortex structure to break into smaller vortices during the cavitation collapse stage under the shear effect, so the cavitation bubble is dissipated in the form of smaller vortex breaking finally. The results provide a significant reference for optimum structural design of the regulating valve in the coal liquefaction project.
SUPPURATIVE THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF GREAT SAPHENOUS VEIN AFTER ENDOVENOUS LASER ABLATION - CASE REPORT
Authors: Matic Predrag , Babic Aleksandar , Tanaskovic Slobodan , Babic Srdjan , Gajin Predrag , Pesic Slobodan , Ilijevski Nenad
Published: April 2024

Background
Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) is a minimally invasive technique used to treat superficial venous reflux. The technique proved its safety and efficacy and became the standard of care for patients with chronic venous disease with lower rates of complications compared to open surgery.
Case report
We present a 68-year-old female with C5 stage of chronic vein insufficiency who underwent endovenous laser ablation of the great saphenous vein. On the fifth day, she developed fever and pain, tenderness, and redness on the medial side of the treated upper leg with fluctuations in some places. Urgent incisions and radical debridement with extensive drainage were made. After intensive daily local wound treatment and antibiotic therapy signs and symptoms resolved and she was fully ambulatory with satisfactory postoperative findings.
Conclusion
We want to point out that aggressive surgical treatment is the main goal in the treatment of patients with suppurative thrombophlebitis, and, antibiotic therapy results in complete healing and resolution of this rare, but life-treating complication.
First in vivo images of the human brain revealed with the Iseult 11.7T MRI scanner
Authors: Boulant Nicolas , Mauconduit Franck , Gras Vincent , Amadon Alexis , Ster Caroline Le , Luong Michel , Massire Aurélien , Pallier Christophe , Sabatier Laure , Vignaud Alexandre , Bottlander Michel , Bihan Denis Le
Published: April 2024

The understanding of the human brain is one of the main scientific challenges of the 21st century. In this context, in the early 2000s the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) launched a program to conceive and build the first human MRI scanner operating at 11.7T. More than a decade of developments followed to deliver the magnet while six more years were necessary to complete the commissioning and finally obtain approval from the regulatory agencies to acquire the first ever human brain images in vivo at such magnetic field. We deployed parallel transmission tools to mitigate the radiofrequency field inhomogeneity problem and tame the specific absorption rate. To assure the safety of human imaging at such high field strength, we performed physiological, vestibular, behavioral and genotoxicity measurements on the volunteers. The data shows no evidence of adverse effects. The unprecedented field strength combined with the acquisition techniques deployed yield T2 and T2*-weighted images reaching mesoscale resolutions within short acquisition times and with a high signal and contrast to noise ratio.
Visible light Induced Photocatalytic Activity of Polypyrrole Decorated Zinc Ferrite Green Nanohybrids Against Cetirizine Hydrochloride Degradation
Authors: Gaffar shayista , Aazam elham S , riaz ufana
Published: April 2024

The present work reports photocatalytic degradation of cetirizine hydrochloride (CTZ-HCl) utilizing polypyrrole (PPy) nanohybrids with ZnFe2O4 (ZnFe) nanoparticles. The synthesized materials were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, BET and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. IR and XRD analysis confirmed the formation of ZnFe/PPy nanohybrids. UV reflectance studies revealed that the band gap was found to decrease with increase in the loading of PPy and Kubelka -Munk plots confirmed the bandgap values to be 2.03 eV for ZnFe, 1.94 eV for 1% PPy/ZnFe, 1.66 eV for 3% PPy/ZnFe and 1.38 eV for 5% PPy/ZnFe. The photocatalytic performance against CTZ-HCl degradation was performed under visible light irradiation for 60 min. The effect of catalyst dosage and the effect of drug concentration were investigated to confirm degradation behavior of the PPy/ZnFe photocatalysts. The degradation followed the pseudo first order kinetics model. Maximum photocatalytic degradation was observed to be 98% within 60 minutes using 5% PPy/ZnFe as the photocatalyst. The recyclability tests revealed that the 5% PPy/ZnFe photocatalyst was reusable up to 4 cycles. Radical scavenging studies confirmed the generation of ●OH radicals that were responsible for the drug degradation. The degraded fragments were analyzed using LCMS technique and the tentative mechanism of degradation was proposed.
Fe(III) complexes with prolonged luminescence lifetimes and symmetry-breaking charge separation
Authors: Campagna Sebastiano , Genovese Salvatore , Cancelliere Ambra , Arrigo Antonino , Puntoriero Fausto
Published: April 2024

Iron(III) complexes with long-lived luminescence in fluid solution at room temperature (up to 6.5 ns, significantly longer than benchmark compounds) have been prepared, by taking advantage of the excited-state equilibration approach, for the first time applied to earth-abundant, iron(III) compounds. Pyrene subunits have been covalently-linked by methylene linkage to [Fe(phtmeimb)2]+ (1; phtmeimb is {phenyl[tris(3-methylimidazol-1-ylidene)]borate}−), so obtaining complex 3, and have been used to synthesize [Fe(pytmeimb)2]+ (2; pytmeimb is {2-pyrene[tris(3-methylimidazol-1-ylidene)]borate}−). In 2 and 3, the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (2LMCT) state decays by energy transfer to closely-lying p-p* pyrene triplets. Equilibrated states are so formed, resulting in 2LMCT emission from the Fe(III) subunit, in which pyrene triplets serve as long-lived excited-state reservoirs. In 2, symmetry-breaking charge separation in dilute fluid solution at room temperature also occurs.
Stimulatory effect of Phyllanthus amarus extract on growth performance, haemato-biochemical, anti-oxidative status and immune response of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Adeniyi Olarinke Victoria , Alade Adijat Omowunmi , Tijani Gafar Hammed
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the antibacterial activity of Phyllanthus amarus extracts and its influence on the growth, physiological and immune status of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. The fish were fed diets containing 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0g P. amarus extract (PAE)/kg basal diet to apparent satiation for 84 days. Thereafter, blood samples were collected from the fish and used for haematological and biochemical analyses. After the 84-day feeding, the fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila by intraperitoneal injection, observed for survival, and immune response parameters were measured. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance at P < 0.05. Results showed significant antibacterial activity of P. amarus methanol extract against A. hydrophila and its application at 0.5 -1.5g PAE significantly promoted weight gain and specific growth rate, with the highest at 1.0g, while the feed conversion ratio reduced significantly at these levels, compared to the fish fed the control diets. Haematocrit, haemoglobin and lymphocytes were enhanced at 0.5-1.5g PAE. All fish fed PAE-based diets had lower concentration of serum liver enzymes, with the least in fish fed 1.0-1.5g PAE diets, while the values of creatinine, glucose and total bilirubin did not differ among the treatments. Glutathione peroxidase and glutathione‐S‐transferase activities increased in all PAE-fortified treatments. Lysozyme, phagocytic and respiratory burst activities also increased in the challenged fish fed PAE diets. Post-challenge survival was highest at 1.0g PAE. Therefore, inclusion of 1.0g Phyllanthus amarus extract is recommended as dietary supplement for Clarias gariepinus.
Why does it take so long? The reasons behind Drug Resistant -Tuberculosis (DR-TB) treatment delay in Uganda
Authors: Nabukenya Diana Kasozi , Lwanga Charles , Asiimwe JohnBosco , Luzze Henry
Published: April 2024

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) persists globally despite effective medications, with drug-resistant strains complicating the situation. Challenges like patient adherence, lengthy treatment and delayed diagnoses contribute to treatment failures, especially in drug-resistant TB patients. The aim of the study was to investigate the socio-demographic, clinical, and structural factors associated with the timing of treatment initiation following DR-TB diagnosis among patients enrolled on DR-TB treatment in Uganda.
Method
Data from the Uganda National TB/Leprosy Program's national case registration database was used, with a sample size of 2,166 DR-TB patients, who completed treatment within a two-year follow-up period. Kaplan Meier survival curves, decrement life-tables and the discrete time-to-event analysis with logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between socio-demographic, clinical, and structural factors, and the timing of DR-TB treatment initiation following diagnosis.
Results
About fifty-seven percent of DR-TB patients experienced delays beyond the acceptable 7 days in treatment initiation, with an overall median time delay of 10 days. Patients with a previous treatment history of Lost to follow-up (Defaulter) and those in the failure category were less likely to initiate DR-TB treatment, whereas those in the ‘relapse category’, were more likely to initiate DR-TB treatment compared to the new DR-TB patients.
Conclusion
Thus, healthcare professionals in TB clinics need to be vigilant about DR-TB patients with previous treatment history and those in the failure category. In addition, future studies should endeavor to explore further the linkage between the sex of the patient, age of the patient, patient's HIV status, patient on ART & CPT, disease class, mode of treatment, and treatment initiation following diagnosis.
Anti-Phytomonas activity of the lyophilized residues obtained from the distillation of Lantana camara L. essential oil
Authors: Soares Caroline Alves , Santos Tamíris Aparecida de Carvalho , Nascimento Luís Fernando de Andrade , de Jesus Raphael Amancio , Blank Arie Fitzgerald , Scher Ricardo , Moraes Valéria Regina de Souza , Arrigoni-Blank Maria de Fátima , Fernandes Roberta Pereira Miranda
Published: April 2024

On an industrial scale, the residues accumulated in essential oil distilleries can be compared to the volume of residues produced in a textile industry. Although these residues are discarded, they possess molecules with diverse biological activities, including their application in phytopathogen control. In this study, the chemical profile of the residue from the hydrodistillation of Lantana camara L. leaves was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, the effect of the residue on cells was assessed by determining plasma membrane integrity, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial potential depolarization. The viability and cell density of Phytomonas serpens parasites significantly decreased after treatment with increasing concentrations of the lyophilized residue. RL038, the lyophilized residue from accession LAC-038, reduced cell viability by an average of 61.36%. ROS levels increased by approximately 2x and 3x at RL038 concentrations of 120 µg/mL and 180 µg/mL, respectively. It was observed that the same concentrations modified mitochondrial potential, reducing fluorescence by 44.6% and 46.8%, respectively. Analytical liquid chromatography of RL038 revealed the presence of 17 peaks subsequently classified as phenolic acids and flavonoids. RL038 from the hydrodistillation of Lantana camara L. leaves is a source of biologically active compounds with antiprotozoal potential.
Digital image enhancement using Deep learning algorithm in 3D heads-up vitreoretinal surgery
Authors: Hwang Sung Ha , Cho Jae Bok , Kim Young Jae , Nam Dong Heun
Published: April 2024

This study aims to predict the optimal imaging parameters using a deep learning algorithm in 3D heads-up vitreoretinal surgery and assess its effectiveness on improving the vitreoretinal surface visibility during surgery. To develop the deep learning algorithm, we utilized 212 manually-optimized still images extracted from epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgical videos. These images were applied to a two-stage Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture. The algorithm’s performance was evaluated based on the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index map (SSIM), and the degree of surgical image enhancement by the algorithm was evaluated based on sharpness, brightness, and contrast values. A survey was conducted to evaluate the intraoperative suitability of optimized images. For an in-vitro experiment, 121 anonymized high-resolution ERM fundus images were optimized using a 3D display based on the algorithm. The PSNR and SSIM values are 34.59 ± 5.34 and 0.88 ± 0.08, respectively. The algorithm enhances the sharpness, brightness and contrast values of the surgical images. In the in-vitro experiment, both the ERM size and color contrast ratio increased significantly in the optimized fundus images. Both surgical and fundus images are digitally enhanced using a deep learning algorithm. Digital image enhancement using this algorithm can be potentially applied to 3D heads-up vitreoretinal surgeries.
Severe water deficit strongly impacts physiological and morphoanatomical traits of soybean cultivar during its vegetative stage
Authors: Sobrinho Mauriana da Rocha , Costa Niedja Bezerra , Santos Diego Pereira , Batista Diego Silva , Figueiredo Fábio Afonso Mazzei Moura de Assis , Felipe Sérgio Heitor Sousa , Junior Francisco Eduardo Aragão Catunda , de Andrade Jailma Ribeiro , Júnior Sebastião de Oliveira Maia , Corrêa Thais Roseli , Catunda Paulo Henrique Aragão , Reis Fabrício de Oliveira , Ferraz Tiago Massi
Published: April 2024

Several studies have investigated soybean response to drought, revealing significant changes in different physiological and anatomical traits. Investigating how plants respond to regulated deficit can help optimize water use efficiency and shed light on their tolerance and sensitivity to water stress at different phenological stages. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effect of water stress during the vegetative stages on the morphophysiological and water status characteristics of soybean cultivar. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the State University of Maranhão. A completely randomized design with four irrigation levels: 100% field capacity (FC) (control), 75% FC, 50% FC, and 25% FC, and 20 replicates were used. Growth variables, physiological parameters, water-related parameters, and root, stem, and leaf anatomy were evaluated. Interaction was observed between water levels and assessment times for plant height and stem diameter growth rates. There was a significant reduction in gas exchange over time, with the greatest decline at 81 days after planting (DAP). The 25% FC treatment had the most pronounced effect on the photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), and carboxylation efficiency (CE), with reductions of 55, 72, 53, and 60%, respectively, compared to the control, at 80 DAP. Anatomical analysis revealed adaptations in the 25% FC treatment, characterized by increased stem sclerenchyma thickness and smaller root xylem vessel diameter. Plants in the 75% FC treatment showed similar responses to the control, demonstrating that this water regime did not compromise the growth and development of BRS Tracajá soybean plants.
Phosphorylation-Driven Epichaperome Assembly: A Critical Regulator of Cellular Adaptability and Proliferation
Authors: Chiosis Gabriela , McNutt Seth , Roychowdhury Tanaya , Pasala Chiranjeevi , Nguyen Hieu , Thorton Daniel , Sharma Sahil , Boticelli Luke , Digwal Chander , Joshi Suhasini , Yang Nan , panchal palak , Chakrabarty Souparna , Bay Sadik , Markov Vladimir , Kwong Charlene , Lisanti Jeanine , Chung Sun Young , Ginsberg Stephen , Yan Pengrong , de Stanchina Elisa , Corben Adriana , Modi Shanu , Alpaugh Mary , Colombo Giorgio , Erdjument-Bromage Hediye , Neubert Thomas , Chalkley Robert , Baker Peter , Burlingame Alma , Rodina Anna , Chu Feixia
Published: April 2024

The intricate protein-chaperone network is vital for cellular function. Recent discoveries have unveiled the existence of specialized chaperone complexes called epichaperomes, protein assemblies orchestrating the reconfiguration of protein-protein interaction networks, enhancing cellular adaptability and proliferation. This study delves into the structural and regulatory aspects of epichaperomes, with a particular emphasis on the significance of post-translational modifications in shaping their formation and function. A central finding of this investigation is the identification of specific PTMs on HSP90, particularly at residues Ser226 and Ser255 situated within an intrinsically disordered region, as critical determinants in epichaperome assembly. Our data demonstrate that the phosphorylation of these serine residues enhances HSP90's interaction with other chaperones and co-chaperones, creating a microenvironment conducive to epichaperome formation. Furthermore, this study establishes a direct link between epichaperome function and cellular physiology, especially in contexts where robust proliferation and adaptive behavior are essential, such as cancer and stem cell maintenance. These findings not only provide mechanistic insights but also hold promise for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting chaperone complexes in diseases characterized by epichaperome dysregulation, bridging the gap between fundamental research and precision medicine.
Quercetin Alleviates Liver Fibrosis via Neutrophil Infiltration Mediated by Glycolysis of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells
Authors: Chen Xiaoying , Wang Yifan , Wan Jie , Dou Xiaoyun , Zhang Chuzhao , Sun Meng , Ye Fang
Published: April 2024

Liver fibrosis is a prevalent characteristic in various chronic liver diseases, and glycolysis plays a pivotal role in this process. Quercetin (QE), as a natural flavonoid, has been reported to effectively regulate glycolysis. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of QE on liver fibrosis and its specific underlying mechanism.The results indicated that QE alleviated carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury and fibrosis by improving pathological manifestations, thereby reducing the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin (TBIL), as well as decreasing the serum levels of hyaluronic acid (HA), laminin (LN), and procollagen type III (PCIII). Additionally, QE downregulated lactate production in mice with liver fibrosis, as well as the mRNA and protein levels of rate-limiting enzymes in glycolysis such as PKM2, PFKP, and HK2. It also diminished the expression and activity of PKM2, PFKP, and HK2 in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), along with reducing glucose consumption and lactate production. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence revealed that QE inhibited CXCL1 secretion in LSECs and impeded neutrophil recruitment. In summary, QE demonstrated its therapeutic potential for liver fibrosis by mitigating neutrophil infiltration through the inhibition of LSEC glycolysis.
Zinc finger protein 639 expression is a novel prognostic determinant in breast cancer
Authors: Lee Fang , Cheng Shih-Ping , Chen Ming-Jen , Huang Wen‐Chien , Liu Yi-Min , Chang Shao-Chiang , chang yuan-ching
Published: April 2024

Background: ZNF639 is often contained within the overlapping amplicon of PIK3CA, and previous studies suggest that it was involved in the pathogenesis of esophageal and oral squamous cell carcinomas. However, its expression and significance in breast cancer remain uncharacterized.
Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis of ZNF639 was performed on our tissue microarrays. Functional studies including colony formation, transwell cell migration, and in vivo metastasis were performed in breast tumor cells with ZNF639 knockdown by siRNA transfection.
Results: Reduced ZNF639 immunoreactivity was observed in 82% of breast cancer samples independent of hormone receptor and HER2 status. In multivariate Cox regression analyses, ZNF639 expression was negatively associated with recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio = 0.36) and marginally with overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.42). ZNF639 knockdown increased clonogenicity, cell motility, and murine lung metastasis. Snail1, vimentin, and CCL20 expression were upregulated following ZNF639 knockdown, and ZNF639-mediated changes in cell phenotype were neutralized by CCL20 double-knockdown.
Conclusion: Low ZNF639 expression represents a novel prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer.
Comparison of the lumbar drain and the hydroxyapatite methods for cerebrospinal fluid leakage after endoscopic skull base surgery
Authors: Yang Minho , Kim Gung Ju , Jeon Juhee , Byeon Yukyeng , Lee Chaejin , Kim Ji Heui , Song Sang Woo , Hong Chang-Ki , Kim Jeong Hoon , Kim Yong Hwy , Kong Doo-Sik , Kim Young-Hoon
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and risk of two skull base reconstruction methods after expanded endoscopic skull base approach (EEA), viz. postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lumbar drainage (L-method) and injectable hydroxyapatite cement without lumbar drainage (H-method).
We enrolled 211 consecutive patients with grade 2 or 3 CSF leakage after EEA. The most common preoperative diagnoses were pituitary adenoma (n=62, 29%), meningioma (n=50, 24%), and craniopharyngioma (n=28, 13%). Vascularized nasoseptal flaps were used in most cases (98%). We used the L-method and H-method in 83 (39%) and 103 patients (49%), respectively.
The overall reconstruction-related complication and CSF leakage rates were 8% (18/211) and 6% (12/211), respectively. The complications included CSF leakage (n=12), infection (n=4), postoperative compression (n=2), and brain herniation (n=1). The complication and CSF leakage rates did not differ significantly between the L-method (12% and 10%, respectively) and H-method (8% and 4%, respectively) (P=0.326 and 0.112, respectively). All infections occurred in the H-method (P=0.070). Postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter with the H-method (6.9 days) compared to the L-method (10.0 days) (p<0.001).
Skull base reconstruction using hydroxyapatite effectively prevented CSF leakage and ensured patient comfort and shorter hospitalization without postoperative lumbar drainage, although postoperative infection requires consideration.
Optimization of influencing factors for determination of contact angle of mineral powder by column wick method
Authors: Zhang yan , Zang Wenke , Cao Shenyang , Li Bo , Yi Zhao , Sun Mengkai , Dong Yuanshuai , Zhang Ying , Zhang Guoke , Song Shanglin
Published: April 2024

The contact angle is the most important parameter in the application of SFE theory (a reliable method to evaluate water damage of asphalt mixture). The column wick method is an efficient and reliable method for measuring the contact angle of mineral powders, if the measurement steps are standardized. This paper optimized the parameters that can affect the contact angle measurement by the column wick method to solve the problem of poor reproducibility of experimental results due to the non-standardization of the measurement steps. Firstly, a set of column wick method apparatus was developed to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the measurement. Secondly, there were some factors selected as the influencing factors of the contact angle measurement results, such as particle size of aggregate powder, vibration time, different polarity impregnation solution and aggregate acidity and alkalinity. The vibration time affected the density of the mineral powder, the particle size affected the effective particle size, and the capillary permeability, on the other hand, was affected by the acidity and alkalinity of the aggregate and the different polarity of the impregnating solution. Finally, the results of measuring the contact angle of the same type aggregate by column wick method and sessile drop method were compared. The results showed that when the contact angle of the aggregate was measured by the column wick method, the best contact angle was obtained when the particle size was 0.04-0.075 mm, the vibration time of the mineral powder was 6 minutes. Chloroform, diiodomethane and formamide were used as impregnating liquids, with a maximum error of only 16.97°, which is only 0.34 times that (49.26°) of the sessile drop method. Through optimization, the column wick method measured the contact angle with high accuracy and reproducibility.
Reparative Effects of Schizophyllum commune Oat Bran Fermentation Broth on UVB-induced Skin Inflammation via the JAK/STAT Pathway
Authors: Song Zixin , Geng Jiman , Wang Dongdong , Fang Jiaxuan , Wang Ziwen , Wang Changtao , Li Meng
Published: April 2024

Human immortal keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) are induced with UVB to establish an injury model, which is used as the basis to investigate whether oat bran fermentation broth (OBF) has reparative effect on skin inflammation and damage to the skin barrier due to UVB irradiation. The results show that compared with unfermented oat bran (OB), OBF has higher structural homogeneity, and increased molecular weight size, active substances content and in vitro antioxidant activity. OBF has a scavenging effect on excess ROS and increases the intracellular levels of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, it was found that OBF has a stronger inhibitory effect on the release of inflammatory factors than OB, and increase the synthesis of AQP3 and FLG proteins, and decrease the secretion of KLK-7. OBF can inhibit the transcription level of inflammatory factors by inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. Safety experiments show that OBF has a high safety profile.
Evaluation of emissions and performance of a diesel engine running on graphene nanopowder and diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends
Authors: Noorollahi Yaser , -Ardeh Ezzatollah Askari Asli , Jahanbakhshi Ahmad , Khodayari Ali , Gorjian Shiva
Published: April 2024

Today, there are environmental problems all over the world due to the emission of greenhouse gasses caused by the combustion of diesel fuel. The excessive consumption and drastic reduction of fossil fuels have prompted the leaders of various countries, including Iran, to put the use of alternative and clean energy sources on the agenda. In recent years, the use of biofuels and the addition of nanoparticles to diesel fuel have reduced pollutant emissions, improved the environment and enhanced the physicochemical properties of the fuel. The current research deals with the experimental evaluation of emissions and performance of a diesel engine running on graphene nanopowder together with diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends. The engine variables studied included the engine speed (in three stages: 1800, 2200 and 2600 rpm) and three types of fuel including graphene nanoparticles (with values of 25 and 50 ppm), biodiesel (with volume percentages of 4, 6 and 8) and ethanol (with volume percentages of 2 and 4). The results showed that the power and torque of the D86 + B8 + E6 + G50 fuel increased on average by 20.26% and 28.76% at all engine speeds compared to the D100 fuel. The use of D86 + B8 + E6 + G50 fuel resulted in a significant reduction in CO (38.84%), UHC (21.24%) and NOx (19.92%) emissions compared to D100 fuel. In addition, a significant increase in CO2 emissions (23.19%) was observed. The results of this study clearly show that the use of biofuels and the addition of nanopowder to D100 fuel is a very effective method to improve combustion, performance and emission characteristics in diesel engines.
PT-symmetric KdV Solutions and Their Algebraic Extension with Zero-Width Resonances
Authors: Abhinav Kumar , Shukla Aradhya , Panigrahi Prasanta Kumar
Published: April 2024

A class of complex breather and soliton solutions to both KdV and mKdV equations are identified with a Pöschl-Teller type PT-symmetric potential. However, these solutions represent only the unbroken-PT phase owing to their isospectrality to an infinite potential well in the complex plane having real spectra. To obtain the broken-PT phase, an extension of the potential satisfying the sl (2,ℝ) potential algebra is mandatory that additionally supports non-trivial zero-width resonances.
Surgical Patients’ Views on Physicians’ Communication Skills in Building Trust: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Aslan Ahmet , Işık Meryem Türkan , Özdemir Rana Can , Ayaz Merih
Published: April 2024

The objective of the study is to determine the hospitalized surgical patients’ opinions about the communication skills of the physicians in building trust and the factors affecting them. 201 patients staying at the surgical unit constituted the sample of study. The data collection form consisted of demographic data and the Scale of Trust Communication in the Patient-Physician Relationship. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Bonferroni correction and Spearman correlation coefficient have been used to analyze the data. The Scale of Trust Communication in the Patient-Physician Relationship total point average was 86.15 ± 10.34. A meaningful relationship was found between the total score and trust in the physician health care attitude, trust in the physician decisions and the patient’s behavior regarding the payment status. The trust communication average score of the patients was high, and the total scale point average increased as the sub-scale averages increased.
Hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of an H7N7 non-pathogenic avian influenza virus coevolved during the acquisition of intranasal pathogenicity in chickens
Authors: Ichikawa Takaya , Hiono Takahiro , Okamatsu Masatoshi , Maruyama Junki , Kobayashi Daiki , Matsuno Keita , Kida Hiroshi , Sakoda Yoshihiro
Published: April 2024

Polybasic amino acid residues at the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site are insufficient to induce the highly pathogenic phenotype of avian influenza viruses in chickens. In our previous study, an H7N7 avian influenza virus named Vac2sub-P0, which is non-pathogenic despite carrying polybasic amino acids at the HA cleavage site, was passaged in chick air sacs and a virus with high intravenous pathogenicity, namely, Vac2sub-P3, was obtained. Intranasal infection with Vac2sub-P3 is only partially lethal in chickens; therefore, in this study, this virus was further passaged in chicken lungs, and the passaged virus, Vac2sub-P3L4, acquired high intranasal pathogenicity. Experimental infection of chickens with recombinant viruses demonstrated that mutations in HA and neuraminidase (NA) found in consecutive passages are responsible for increased pathogenicity. The HA and NA functions of Vac2sub-P3L4 were compared with the parental virus in vitro; the virus growth at 40°C was higher, the binding affinity to a sialic acid receptor was lower, and the release activity by NA from the cell surface was lower, suggesting that these changes enabled the virus to replicate efficiently in chickens with high intranasal pathogenicity. This study critically demonstrated that additional adaptations were required for the highly pathogenic virus via intravenous administration in chickens for increased pathogenicity via intranasal administration.