bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thermogenesis, aging and obesity in the LA Ntul/-cp (corpulent) rat
Authors: Tulp Orien L , P Einstein George
Published: December 2021

Obesity and mild to moderate impaired carbohydrate tolerance develops in the obese phenotype of the LA/Ntul//-cp (corpulent) rat strain by 6 weeks of age. Groups (n=12-20 rats/phenotype] of female congenic lean and obese LA/Ntul//-cp (corpulent) rats were fed ad libitum standardized Purina #5012 diet ad house water for 4, 14, or 24 months of age. Measures of Body weight (BW) and of resting oxygen consumption (RMR; VO2) at thermal neutrality and for up to 45 minutes of (4°C) spontaneous cold exposure, and norepinephrine-stimulated thermogenesis (100 ug. s.c.) were determined at each age. Body weights of lean rats increased only gradually during the study (p=n.s.), but weights of obese phenotype were ~2-fold greater at 4 months (p=<0.05), 14 months (p-<0.01), and ~3.5 to 4-fold greater at 24 months of age (p=<0.01). Resting metabolic rates in the lean phenotype trended to decrease modestly by 24 months (p=<0.05) and were greater than resting metabolic rates in the obese phenotype at all ages studied (p=<0.05). Cold exposure at 4°C resulted in a dramatic ~5-fold increase in the oxygen consumption after 5 minutes in 4-month-old rats, which subsided to ~2x resting metabolic rate within 15 minutes and remained constant thereafter in the lean phenotype. In 14-months old lean rats the increase in oxygen consumption at 5 minutes averaged ~4-fold increase over resting levels and returned to ~2x resting levels from 15 to 45 minutes 4°C exposure. In 24-month-old lean rats however, the cold induced increases in metabolism were markedly diminished to only ~3x resting metabolic rates at 5 minutes cold exposure but remained similar to the other lean age groups thereafter. In the obese phenotype, the peak responses at 5 minutes were lower than those of lean rats at 5 minutes in 4- and 14-month-old rats and were significantly impaired in 24-month-old rats at all times measured. Norepinephrine resulted in a >1.5-fold increase in oxygen consumption in the lean phenotype at all ages studied, while in obese rats norepinephrine resulted in a~1.4-fold increase in oxygen consumption at 4 months of age with non-significant ~1.1 to 1.2-fold increases at the two older ages. In both phenotypes, the resting and the norepinephrine-stimulated oxygen consumption responses tended to decrease with increasing age. The results of this study demonstrate that the body weights of the obese phenotype are significantly greater than their lean littermates throughout the age spectrum studied, and that both resting metabolic rates, 4°C cold, and norepinephrine-stimulated thermogenesis are decreased in the obese compared to the lean phenotype and become further decreased with advancing age
Interaction of race with weight loss and resolution of obesity co-morbidities in patients undergoing laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass (lrygb): an analysis of 83,059 bold database patients00000000000
Authors: Emrich Jeffrey S , G Sheck Casey , Kushnir Leon , Nituica Cristina , Slotman Gus J
Published: December 2021

Background: Previous studies identified differences by race in the distribution of medical problems associated with morbid obesity. Whether or not outcomes after LRYGB also vary by race is unknown. Objective: To identify racial variations in weight loss and resolution of obesity co-morbidities after LRYGB. Methods: Data from 83,059 BOLD database LRYGB patients was analyzed retrospectively in five groups: African-American (n=9,055), Caucasian (n=63,352), Hispanic (n=6,893), Asian (n=198), and Other (n=3,561). Results: Weight and BMI were higher in African-Americans versus Caucasians, Hispanics, Other (12 months, p<0.0001). Hypertension persisted increased among African-Americans versus Caucasians, Hispanics, Other through 24 months (p<0.01). Caucasian cholelithiasis (18 months, p<0.05), abdominal panniculitis (12 months, p<0.01,) and depression (24 months, p<0.05) continued higher than other races. GERD was highest in African-Americans and Caucasians. Dyslipidemia affected Caucasians, African-Americans, and Other most (12 months, p<0.05). Hispanic depression was lowest (24 months, p<0.05). Other had highest stress urinary incontinence (12 months, p<0.05). Racial differences in diabetes, liver disease, obstructive sleep apnea, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, gout, back and musculoskeletal pain, leg edema, alcohol use, and non-depression psychological issues were not significant beyond 6 months. Resolution of angina, CHF, pulmonary hypertension, and polycystic ovarian disease did not vary by race. Conclusions: LRYGB improves obesity weight and co-morbidity outcomes overall, but long-term treatment effects vary by race. African-American weight and hypertension, and African-American/Caucasian GERD, and dyslipidemia resolve least. Caucasian abdominal issues and depression dominate. Racial variations in many obesity co-morbidities disappear by 12 months post-operatively.
Residual thermic effects of diet induced thermogenesis (RDIT) in aging lean and obese LA/Ntu1//-cp (corpulent) rats
Authors: Tulp Orien L , DeBolt Susan P , Awan Aftab R , Einstein George P
Published: December 2021

Diet induced thermogenesis has been proposed to account for up to 15% of the caloric content of an ingested meal and to become decreased with aging and in obesity. Genetically obese rodents have been shown to exhibit impairments in the thermic responses to diet and environment, which may partially account for an improved caloric efficiency and to contribute to their increased propensity to become obese. In the present study we sought to determine the thermic responses to diet and environment in aging obese rats when young, middle aged, and aged. Resting oxygen consumption tended to decrease with advancing age and the thermic responses were lower than predicted in obese than in lean rats. This study provides important new insights regarding the thermogenic effects of diet and diet induced thermogenesis and their potential contributions to mechanisms of energy balance across the spectrum of aging in lean and obese LA/Ntul//-cp rats
Association between type of cooking fuel and body mass index among women in Cambodia
Authors: Rowles Heidi
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Solid cooking fuel is the primary source of energy for almost half of the world’s population. Studies have examined the association between solid cooking fuel and respiratory and cardiovascular disease, negative pregnancy outcomes, and shortened life expectancy. However, no study has examined the association between solid cooking fuel and Body Mass Index (BMI) among women in Cambodia. Methods: Data was taken from the 2014 Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (N=3249), women aged 15-49 years. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between type of cooking fuel and BMI, controlling for age, education, marital status, parity, employment status, kitchen being a separate room, location of cooking food, and household wealth index. Results: Compared to younger women, older women were more likely to be overweight/obese shown by multivariable adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for women aged 25-34 years 2.64 (1.80, 3.86), and for women aged 35-49 years 4.97 (3.20, 7.72). Compared to women who reside in poor households, the odds of being overweight/obese were higher for women residing in a middle household wealth index 2.62 (1.52, 4.52), and women residing in rich household wealth index 2.78 (1.83, 4.24). When adjusting for potential confounding variables, the association between type of cooking fuel and BMI observed in the unadjusted model disappeared (p = 0.103). Conclusion: These findings indicate that type of cooking fuel is not significantly associated with BMI in a nationally representative sample of women in Cambodia.
Photobiomodulation: a potential adjunctive obesity intervention a review
Authors: Marks Ray
Published: December 2021

Obesity, a largely intractable health condition with incalculable health and financial and social costs and ramifications remains an immense challenge to mitigate effectively. Multiple interventions to offset obesity, while studied and implemented for many years, have generally failed to eliminate this growing global epidemic. Alternately, interventions that can offer hope, especially to those who are physically as well as emotionally challenged, with negative outcome expectations, would appear of high significance. Studied for over 40 years, various forms of light therapy are proving to be of possible adjunctive benefit in efforts to reduce excess weight. This mini review discusses some findings regarding photobiomodulation or light therapy and whether more intense study and evaluation will improve the overall obesity burden and outlook. Extracted from current literature, it is concluded that this is a field of significant promise
Pre-operative direct and inverse clinical characteristic variations by age do not resolve up to 24 months following open roux-en-y gastric bypass
Authors: Menon Ajay , Kelter David , J Slotman Gus
Published: December 2021

Background: Today open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (ORYGB) is reserved for abdomens too complex or obesity too severe for laparoscopic surgery. However, outcomes by age in ORYGB are unknown. Objective: Identify variation by age in ORYGB patients. Setting: Independent database. Methods: 5389 ORYGB BOLD patients was analyzed retrospectively by age: <30 (591), 30-40 (1252), 40-50 (1527), 50-60 (1388), 60-70 (592) and >70 (39). Statistics: ANOVA/general linear model. Results: Baseline female/male (p<0.01), weight, BMI, African-American, Hispanic, Medicaid, Private insurance, self-pay (p<0.0001), PCOS, PTC (n=10) varied inversely with age. Medicare, CHF, HTN, angina, LEE, PVD, IHD, dyslipidemia, OHS, diabetes, gout, IFS, and unemployment varied directly. Caucasian, Asian, Other race, DVT/PE, hernia, cholelithiasis, GERD, panniculitis, liver disease, SUI, MSP, fibromyalgia, alcohol and tobacco abuse, depression, PI, MHD (n=17) vary non-linearly. At 12 months, in spite of equal BMI by age, CHF, HTN, angina, PVD, dyslipidemia, cholelithiasis, SUI, diabetes, gout, IFS (n=10) varied directly. PCOS and PTC varied inversely, and LEE, OSA, hernia, MSP, tobacco abuse, depression, MHD varied non-linearly. 24 months CHF, HTN, angina, dyslipidemia, diabetes, IFS, and MSP vary directly. PTC and tobacco abuse varied inversely. LEE, OSA, PHTN, hernia, PCOS, and tobacco abuse varied non-linearly. Conclusions: ORYGB patients vary dramatically by decade of age. Pre-operatively 10 co-morbidities varied inversely, 13 directly, and 17 non-linearly by age. In spite of equal BMI by age at 24 months, important co-morbidities CHF, HTN, angina, dyslipidemia, diabetes varied directly, tobacco inversely, and OSA non-linearly. This advance clinical knowledge of age variation can aid ORYGB management
Obesity in postmenopausal women: causes, prevalence and specific risks: role of decreased
Authors: Vazquez Clotilde , Luca Bogdana L , Cardenas Jersy , Sanchez Alvaro , Montoya Teresa , Labeira Paula , Gutierrez Belen , Fernandez Yvonne , Sierra Roberto , Meneses Diego
Published: December 2021

Obesity is one of the most important health issues worldwide. According to the Mexican National Survey of Health and Nutrition 2018 “ENSANUT”, 76.8% of women and 73% of men who are 18 years or older are overweight or obese, and the majority are not well diagnosed. One of the greatest difficulties in order to diagnose this disease is the poor correlation between the BMI and the real fat percentage. There are different ways to estimate the fat percentage. Some of them are the formulas based on anthropometric measures. We conducted a retrolective, descriptive, transversal trial to analyze the correlation between the fat percentage measured by bioelectrical impedance with In Body 230 and the one calculated with the Deurenberg, Lean, and CUN BAE formulas in Mexican adults. We analyzed 319 people, 111 men, and 208 women. The average age was 43.8, and 44.13 years, respectively. The average BMI for each gender was 36.5 kg/m2 and 33.8 kg/m2, and the average fat percentage was 38.23 and 45.53 respectively. We calculated de Pearson correlation index between fat percentage mesure by bioelectrical impedance and the one calculated by the formulas enlisted before. We also calculated the W/H and the average between the three formulas. The Pearson correlation index for Deurenberg’s formula was 0.71, for men and 0.816 for women. For Lean’s formula was 0.622 for men and 0.701 for women, and for CUN BAE’s formula 0.77for men, and 0.856 for women. All of them with estatistical significance (p<0.001). For the W/H was 0.702 (p<0.001) for men and 0.681 (p<0.001) for women, and for the average of the three formulas was 0.73 (p<0.001) for men and 0.828 (p<0.001) for women. In conclusion CUN BAE´s and Deurenberg’s formulas have a higher correlation with the fat percentage in both genders, and CUN BAE’s formula is the one with more correlation in women.
Concordance between body fat percentage stablished by bio impedance and estimation formulas based in anthropometric measurements
Authors: Regina Llamosas-Senties , Borja Livia Martinez , J Alejandro Ayala San Pedro
Published: December 2021

Obesity is one of the most important health issues worldwide. According to the Mexican National Survey of Health and Nutrition 2018 “ENSANUT”, 76.8% of women and 73% of men who are 18 years or older are overweight or obese, and the majority are not well diagnosed. One of the greatest difficulties in order to diagnose this disease is the poor correlation between the BMI and the real fat percentage. There are different ways to estimate the fat percentage. Some of them are the formulas based on anthropometric measures. We conducted a retrolective, descriptive, transversal trial to analyze the correlation between the fat percentage measured by bioelectrical impedance with In Body 230 and the one calculated with the Deurenberg, Lean, and CUN BAE formulas in Mexican adults. We analyzed 319 people, 111 men, and 208 women. The average age was 43.8, and 44.13 years, respectively. The average BMI for each gender was 36.5 kg/m2 and 33.8 kg/m2, and the average fat percentage was 38.23 and 45.53 respectively. We calculated de Pearson correlation index between fat percentage mesure by bioelectrical impedance and the one calculated by the formulas enlisted before. We also calculated the W/H and the average between the three formulas. The Pearson correlation index for Deurenberg’s formula was 0.71, for men and 0.816 for women. For Lean’s formula was 0.622 for men and 0.701 for women, and for CUN BAE’s formula 0.77for men, and 0.856 for women. All of them with estatistical significance (p<0.001). For the W/H was 0.702 (p<0.001) for men and 0.681 (p<0.001) for women, and for the average of the three formulas was 0.73 (p<0.001) for men and 0.828 (p<0.001) for women. In conclusion CUN BAE´s and Deurenberg’s formulas have a higher correlation with the fat percentage in both genders, and CUN BAE’s formula is the one with more correlation in women.
Effect of adrenalectomy and glycemic status on caloric efficiency and adiposity in the congenic LA/Ntul//-cp (corpulent) rat
Authors: Tulp Orien L , Awan Aftab R , P Einstein George
Published: December 2021

Obesity develops in the obese phenotype of the congenic LA/Ntul//-cp (corpulent) rat strain by 6 weeks of age.1 To gain insight into the contributors to the expression of obesity in the obese phenotype of this strain, groups [n=12-20 rats/phenotype] of congenic male lean and obese LA/Ntul//-cp (corpulent) rats were fed an ad libitum standardized Purina chow diet (CHOW) from 6 to 12 weeks or age, and subgroups (n=6 rats / subgroup) were overfed with a highly palatable cafeteria diet (CAFÉ) from 9 to 12 weeks of age (WOA). A subgroup of obese rats (n=6) were subjected to bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) at 6 WOA and followed the same dietary regimen and treatment schedule. BW of lean and obese animals were similar at 6 WOA and increased by 88% in lean phenotype and 281% in obese phenotype during the 6 weeks study, while in ADX obese rats, BW were similar at 6 and 9 WOA but BW increased to 2.5-fold above starting weights and 1.8-fold above 9-week weights between 9 and 12 WOA. The CAFE supplement was without significant effect on final body weights in the lean phenotypes, but was associated with significantly greater body weights at ages 9 and 12 WOA in the obese phenotype (p=<0.05) and in the obese-ADX at 12 WOA. CE (kcal/gram gain of BW per day) remained relatively constant in lean and obese-ADX rats throughout the study, but CE was more efficient in the obese phenotype at all ages studied and was more efficient with the CAFE supplement feeding regimen. Fasting I:G ratios at 12 weeks of age were 4.2-fold greater in obese than lean and were partially normalized in obese-ADX to 1.7-fold increase at 12 WOA. Relative adiposity of obese rats was 3.8-fold greater in obese than lean phenotype, with the greatest increase in the SQ depot. Resting VO2 (RMR) was lower in obese than lean rats at each age studied and was increased by ADX. Thermogenic interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) mass was greater in obese and obese-ADX than lean rats. The results of this study indicate that CE is associated with the predisposition for the expression and development of adiposity in the obese phenotype of this strain and is associated with an increased I:G ratio and IBAT mass that is consistent with insulin resistance and an impaired capacity for energy expenditure and became normalized on the Chow but not the CAFE diet following ADX. These observations implicate likely multiple metabolic factors that contribute to a greater efficiency of energy storage, utilization and or energy conservation in the obese than in the lean phenotype of this strain and which is partially corrected in the obese phenotype by ADX. The metabolic impact of added caloric intake was associated with an additive impact on the CE of weight gain and adiposity in the obese phenotype of this congenic rodent strain and was partially corrected via ADX
Portal thrombosis complicated by a digestive hemorrhage revealing a primary polycythemia
Authors: Mahmud Salahuddin Yassine , Sarma Moinak Sen , A Darma , Ahmed Syed Shafi
Published: December 2021

A case report of a 30years old patient followed for portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT) complicated with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage due to esophageal varices. JAK 2 V617F mutation was positive, therefore the diagnosis of primary polycythemia was retained. This case report showed that it important to think of different etiologies besides cirrhosis while managing patients with PVT especially diseases with pro thrombotic state.
A novel model to improve access to care for patients with chronic hepatitis C attended in behavioral health facilities
Authors: Shady Ahmed , Santiago Marybeth , Tangho Holly Totouom , Swift Ronnie , Bergasa Nora V
Published: December 2021

Background: Chronic hepatitis C (C-HCV) is more prevalent in individuals with behavioral health (BH) diagnoses and those on opioid replacement therapy than in other groups. Accordingly, our aim was to evaluate the effect of C-HCV treatment on the quality of life (QOL) of individuals receiving opioid replacement therapy in a newly created C-HCV clinic attached to the methadone clinic in our 338 beds and 355,702 annual outpatient visits community hospital, serving the population of East Harlem, New York City, where it is located. Methods: Adult patients with behavioral health diagnoses were screened for C-HCV upon entry to the hospital and were referred for evaluation and treatment, as appropriate. The effect of treatment of C-HCV on the quality of life (QOL) was assessed by a questionnaire in which a maximum score of 174 is the worst QOL, and a score of zero is the best, at baseline, and at least 12 weeks post treatment. Results: Three hundred and eighty-seven patients with behavioral health diagnoses were screened. One hundred and fifteen of them had confirmed C-HCV. Twenty-one of those patients had attended the BH HCV clinic. Fourteen additional patients were evaluated at a later date. Nineteen patients agreed to participate in the QOL study. Of these, 15 (79%) completed therapy and were cured. A marked improvement in their QOL scores was documented at least 12 weeks after treatment. Conclusion: A model of care that includes C-HCV treatment in BH facilities leads to adherence to therapy and cure, which is associated with improved QOL and should be the standard practice.
Haiti’s cholera epidemic: will it return in 2021?
Authors: Valentine Sanon Valentine Sanon
Published: December 2021

Cholera is a scourge that has plagued humanity from early times; no era was exempt at different times in history, and the mere mention of cholera in past generations often caused panic among susceptible populations. Now with the recent 7.2 magnitude in Haiti, the question re- emerges: can Haiti’s cholera epidemic return considering the extensive earthquake damage that has recently occurred? Haiti is prone to earthquakes, due to its location along a fault line, and over the centuries has encountered numerous earthquakes, some including the 2010 and 2021 earthquakes of 7.0 or greater magnitude. Cholera has been around for centuries, and in the last century has caused at least 7 devastating global outbreaks each claiming thousands of innocent human lives. Cholera infects 1.3 to 4 million people around the world annually with over 20,000 deaths per year according to the World Health Organization (WHO) statistics. Cholera is a microbial disease of multicausal origin and fecal-oral transmission, where various biological, environmental, social, political and cultural factors often intervene, thereby presenting complex solutions for what often becomes a public health issue in the broader community. Over 819,000 Haitians became ill with cholera during the years following the 2010 earthquake, with nearly 10,000 deaths reported as a result of one of Haiti’s main waterways accidently becoming contaminated with the highly infectious cholera organism. Considering the severe damages now being reported from the August – 2021 earthquake followed by a severe weather outlook, the potential for a re-emergence of the cholera epidemic may now become a serious public health threat to the island Nation, including the potential risks to other nearby Island nations in the Caribbean and beyond should infected carriers relocate to non-earthquake prone localities. Implementation of effective hygiene measures, including timely medical monitoring and strategic intervention where indicated will be essential to prevent a resurgence of cholera or other public health issues in the coming weeks and months aftermath of the destruction of the roads, structures and public health resources resulting from the recent earthquake in Haiti.
Diagnostic and complications of Covid 19 surgical patients
Authors: Otljanski Aleksandar
Published: December 2021

,
Diagnostic efficacy of cone beam computed tomography for the TMJ arthropathies
Authors: Pardo Juárez Víctor
Published: December 2021

The CBCT has been developed recently, to be used specifically in the maxillofacial region, and has quickly positioned itself as the diagnostic imaging modality in most clinical situations, and is one of the elements that make up the evaluation of patients with temporomandibular joint arthropathies. The objective of this article is to discuss the diagnostic efficacy of cbct in the current scenario of the diagnostic imaging of TMJ.
Clinical evaluation of growth potentiality of autogenous costochondral graft in Temporomandibular joint on New Zealand white rabbit- an experimental study
Authors: Sultana Jachmen , Billur Rahman Quazi , Chowdhury Emdadul Haque , Sultana Juyena Nasrin , Bashar Abul
Published: December 2021

Background: Costochondral graft has been used as a substitute for a growth center in the damaged Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the growing children. But the relapse of the TMJ ankylosis along with facial deformity is the most common outcome after the surgery for the resorption or overgrowth of the graft. While an exploration of the human Temporomandibular joint seems to be unethical after reconstruction with an autogenous costochondral graft for study purposes, therefore we sought to determine the growth potential of the graft by clinical evaluation. Material and methods: An experimental study was done on 96 New Zealand white male rabbits, which were divided into batches. Each batch (total 2 batches) contained 24 experimental and 24 control rabbits of known ages and species; growing (3-4) and adult (12-18) months old. TMJ arthroplasty with a costochondral graft using either 1mm or 4 mm thickness of cartilaginous cap done in both age groups. Follow-up was done regularly in batches comparing with control up to 4th, 12th, and 24th weeks of surgery to find out any relationship of behavioral change, clinical presentation, and macroscopic growth of the graft. Results: There was a relationship among the rabbits with their behavioral change, clinical presentation, and presence of growth center in the graft. Growth was found in 60% cases, 40% was growing, and 20% in adults. Conclusions: Costochondral graft had a 60% growth potentiality. The failure rate of 40% may be due to some unknown factors. Grafts grew in a greater number of growing rabbits than adults. Long time follow-up had a strong role in the growth of the graft. In conclusion, clinical evaluation of the rabbit model provided a fair estimation of the growth process.
Restoring a fractured incisor of a teenager with partial veneer
Authors: Hadyaoui Dalenda , Farhat Yosra , Kalghoum Imen , Gasara Yosra , Nouira Zohra , Harzallah Belhassen , Cherif Mounir
Published: December 2021

Since trauma is a common incident that adolescents are faced with, the post-traumatic therapeutic solution presents a challenge for the clinicians .This case report demonstrates how a young patient with minimal extended fracture of incisor was rehabilitated with non-invasive adhesive restoration known as partial veneer or chip with Feld spathic porcelain. Those restorations fit into the anatomy and shape of the teeth perfectly and restore only the fractured part which integrates in tissue economy dynamic. Feldspathic porcelain is the material that best reproduces the characteristics of enamel, in terms of surface properties, modulus of elasticity, resistance to fracture and the reproduction of the optical properties of the dental structure, especially at minimal thickness. In this paper we describe the details of the treatment and the final result which was aesthetic and surpass the patient’s expectation.
Esthetic ceramic veneers for spaced anterior teeth utilizing the RED proportion; a case report with three years follow-up
Authors: Barakah Haifa
Published: December 2021

Discrepancy between a large jaw size and small teeth results in a spaced alignment of teeth. Orthodontic treatment to correct such cases will not be sufficient for esthetic results of anterior teeth. Restorative treatment may be the ideal solution to reshape small teeth in well planned proportion to fit the size of the jaw and enhance the appearance of the patient smile. This paper presents the process of restoring spaced anterior teeth with minimally prepared ceramic veneers using the RED proportion.
Radiological outcomes of the selective spinal fusion for lenke type 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Kakadiya Ghanshyam , Saindane Kalpesh , Gandbhir Viraj , Soni, Yogesh , Gohil Kushal , Shakya Akash
Published: December 2021

Objective: To determine the short term radiological outcomes of Lenke type 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in terms of Cobb angle correction and coronal balance after selective posterior segmental spinal instrumentation with pedicle screws. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the department of Orthopaedic at tertiary care public hospital of Mumbai, India. The medical records of patients from 17th April 2015 to 29th October 2019 who underwent a selective spinal fusion with pedicle screws for Lenke type-5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were reviewed. Preoperative radiographs were evaluated for Cobb angle of the lumbar or thoracolumbar curve as well as a sagittal and lumbar modifier on anteroposterior and lateral standing films. The curve correction, implant density, number of segment fused and coronal balance was assessed on postoperative radiographs. The pre and postoperative comparison of important study variables was done and P-value was calculated with the help of the chi-square test. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The total number of patients was 34. Majority (94.1%, n=32) were females while only 2(5.9%) were males. The mean age at the time of operation was 14.35±2.19 years (range 8 to 19 years). Mean pre-operative and post-operative Cobb angles were 61.790±13.120 (range 400 to 850) and 10.550±8.710 (range 00 to 300) respectively (P-value 0.00). The mean percentage of curve correction and percentage of fulcrum flexibility was 83.35±13.07 % (range 55% to 100%) and 59.56%±15.07 (range 28.57% to 84.60%) respectively (P value 0.469). Mean implant density and fusion mass was 66.03±7.94% (range 53 to 79%) and 10.32±2.8 (range 7 to 15%) segments respectively. The coronal balance was achieved in all patients. No major complication was noted. Conclusion: Near normal Cobb angle correction and coronal balance was achieved in all patients of Lenke type 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis treated with posterior segmental spinal instrumentation utilizing pedicle screws.
Use of complementary and alternative medicine and factors affecting their use among Libyan children with rheumatic diseases at Tripoli Children's Hospital 2019
Authors: M Almsagi Fawzea , Rewen Aisha Ben , Meezogi Jamal S , M Zletni Mabruka , K Shalmani Salmin , Abushhaiwia Awatif
Published: December 2021

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is defined as a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not presently considered as conventional medicine. Aim of the study: To determine the prevalence, types, and factors affecting use of complementary and alternative medicine among Libyan children with rheumatic diseases. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in rheumatology clinic at Tripoli Children's Hospital, in which parents of children with different rheumatic diseases were interviewed by using a pre formed questionnaire at their routine visits. Data were managed and analyzed by SPSS data base (version 19). Result: Of 103 interviewed parents, 71(69%) were mothers with mean age of 41.21 years, 39% of whom had a university degree, and 50% of whom were employed. 31% were fathers with mean age of 47.7 years, 74% of whom were employed and 38% of whom had a university degree. 65\103(63%) of parents were living outside Tripoli. Majority of patients were females (75%) with a mean age of 12.8 years, 95% of the patients living with both their father and mother together. 63% of patients had juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Overall, 83% of patients were CAM users, 77% of theme was females and 65% had been diagnosed as JIA. The most frequently used CAM were Natural health products (69.8%) as honey and Meringa. Almost all CAM users (96.5%) did not change or stop their conventional therapy nor did they deviate from their scheduled visits in the rheumatology clinic. Conclusion & recommendation: CAM use was common among patients followed in the pediatric rheumatology clinic; Natural health products were the most commonly used CAM. Very little is known about the benefits or potential harms of CAM despite its widespread use. Education and counseling programs to patients and parents about CAM use can help in the management of such chronic diseases.
Return to work after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in a worker’s compensation population
Authors: S Rhode William
Published: December 2021

By focusing on arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in a worker’s compensation patient population that are without personal injuries, previous ipsi-lateral shoulder injury, any concomitant pathologies or being federal employees, the rate of return-to-work (RTW) can be better isolated as an outcome of the surgery. RTW rate for a consecutive 50 patient cohort was 98% with 58% achieving full duty. A single patient with a frozen shoulder was unable to return to work at any level. These RTW rates contrast with several previous studies that reported significantly lower RTW rates for workers with compensation than workers without compensation. All but three patients improved their UCLA scores after the repair.
Tibial fibrous dysplasia in children treated by Ilizarov Technique- A review of treatment options
Authors: MM Bari , Shahidul Islam , Tanvir Ashraf , Shayan R  Bari AM
Published: December 2021

ibrous dysplasia is a pathological condition, where normal medullary bone is replaced by fibrous tissue and small, woven specules of bone. Fibrous dysplasia can occur in epiphysis, metaphysis or diaphysis. Occationally, biopsy is necessary to establish the diagnosis. We present a review of operative treatment using the Ilizarov technique.
Artificial intelligence and data processing in injury diagnosis and prevention in competitive sports: A literature review
Authors: Poulios Panagiotis , Serlis Athanasios , Groumpos Peter P , Gliatis Ioannis
Published: December 2021

Artificial intelligence (AI) application opens an exciting perspective for predicting injury risk and team sports performance. A better understanding of the techniques of AI employed and of the sports that are using AI is warranted. The purpose of this study is to identify which AI approaches have been applied to investigate sports performance and injury risk
Nonvascularized autologous fibular strut graft can be an option for treatment of segmental bone loss in comminuted femoral shaft fracture
Authors: Foyzur Rob Chowdhury , Mustofa Md Gulam , Saiful Islam Lt Col Mohammad , Islam Md Tabibul , Bhuiyan Akhlas
Published: December 2021

We present the case of a patient who suffered a comminuted femoral shaft fracture. The patient was a 20 years-old male following a sustained RTA and presented at our hospital after about 6 weeks after the incidence. Initially he was treated with skeletal traction with surgical toileting and debridement; and later on external fixator with dressing several times. Open reduction and internal fixation was performed with the use of a non-vascularized autologous fibular strut graft as an augmentation technique in conjunction with dynamic plating. Bony union occurred at 24 weeks. Clinically patient had stable, painless extremity, and resumed active use of the involved extremity without protective device after 2 year after femur fixation. No pain involving the donor graft site was reported at the time of the most recent follow-up examination. This case study demonstrates the use of free non-vascularized autogenous fibular strut bone graft as an option to bridge segmental bone loss in comminuted femoral shaft fracture. This is a relatively simple, not expensive procedure.
Post traumatic genu valgum with valgus deformity of left lower femur and upper tibia valgus and procurvatum deformity with 10cm lld and puckering of skin around knee with bad scar
Authors: MM Bari , MKI Choudhury Quayyum , Shahidul Islam , Shayan Ashraf Mohammad , Shayan R Bari AM
Published: December 2021

Post-traumatic femoral valgus and upper tibia valgus and procurvatum deformity with 10cm LLD were corrected with Ilizarov Technique. The lower femur deformity correction and deformity correction of upper tibia and lengthening were carried out simultaneously. This case demonstrates an approach to large complex post-traumatic deformity in the left knee region with puckering of the skin and bad scar.
Psychological intervention to enhance the volitional quality of perseverance in athletes with hearing impairment
Authors: Cobas Román Lic. Julio Cesar , Bestard Revilla Dr C Alina
Published: December 2021

The work addresses a topic of great importance for the development of the sprinter which constitutes one of the areas of Athletics, the king of sports. The Santiago de Cuba Province has provided excellent athletes, of which the Academia de Santiago de Cuba category 14 - 15 (school) stand out; due to the results achieved in national competitions despite the shortcomings detected in their psychological preparation, considering it necessary to improve the process of training volitional qualities with a view to the conscious preparation of athletes and the responsibility assumed when having to win demanding training loads. The objective pursued with this research is the development of an intervention plan to enhance the quality of volitional perseverance in athletes with hearing impairment. As a result, intervention activities are provided that integrate the psychological with the practical, thus establishing the dialectical unit to achieve the development of individual qualities during the development of training.
Successful therapeutic response with sequential therapy of rituximab and belimumab in a hispanic patient with refractory lupus nephritis
Authors: JP Vinicki , JL,2 Daza , MA Nadal
Published: December 2021

Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most common severe organ manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Life expectancy and renal survival is reduced in these patients. A partial remission in LN is associated with a significantly better patient and renal survival rate compared with no remission. We report the case of a 27-year-old Hispanic patient with diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis (grade IV with high activity index) managed with induction therapy with mycophenolate mophethyl (MMF, 1000 mg daily escalating to 3000 mg daily and prednisone (PDN) 1 mg/kg/day. Progression of proteinuria with preserved renal function and extra-renal activity were observed (alopecia). Re-induction with IV cyclophosphamide (CYC, 1 gr.) and pulse IV methylprednisolone (500 mg for three days) was administered, followed by a lower starting dose of PDN (0.5 mg/kg/day). Treatment failure was observed. A second renal biopsy evidenced renal damage (chronicity index 4/12 and activity index 4/24). The patient also developed non-renal clinical manifestations (malar rash, oral ulcers and arthritis). Treatment with IV rituximab (RTX) 1000 mg X2 associated with MMF 1000 mg per day and IV methylprednisolone 500 mg X3 was initiated, followed by PDN 0.5 mg/kg/day with a dose-tapering scheme similar to CYC re-induction. Treatment continued with IV Belimumab (BLM) 600 mg every month associated with MMF 1000 mg per day. Sequential therapy with RTX + BLM showed a partial renal and complete extra-renal response in a patient with severe lupus despite two 2 immunosuppressive treatment schemes.
Bilateral elbow indirect Cubital tunnel syndrome due to mass effect of Gouty tophi
Authors: Lekhi Akshay
Published: December 2021

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis associated with raised uric acid levels in blood. The pathology involves infiltration and destruction of ligament, cartilage, tendons, bone and skin by deposition of urate crystals. Our purpose of writing this case is to report rare bilateral neurological symptoms due to compression, by tophaceous gout around elbows. A 32-year-old male had presented with episodic tingling in bilateral ulnar nerve distributions for fourteen days. Surgical excision of the tophi around elbows that were causing the neural compression symptoms was done and symptoms relieved gradually over 6 weeks. Tophi are late presentations. They can present with symptoms from depositing at different sites that is evidenced in existing literature case reports. Controlling serum uric acid levels below deposition threshold either by dietary or pharmaceutical drugs is the mainstay of management, resulting in dissolution of monosodium urate crystals.
Failure due to metallosis after cruciate retaining total knee replacement
Authors: Wessam Ebied , Ali Maziad , Mahmoud Ahmed Nageeb
Published: December 2021

Background: Rupture of PCL on cruciate retaining TKA can cause abnormal accelerated wear of polyethylene component which may result in metal/metal articulation and development of massive infiltration of metal debris in the periprosthetic soft tissue (metallosis). Patient and methods: Eight cases (Five females, 3 males, mean age 64.6 years) with failed primary cruciate retaining knee arthroplasty were retrospectively studied. Revisions were performed after a mean of 59.8 months due to pain and instability. All the patients had variable degrees of clinically relevant posterior knee instability. Infection was excluded in all cases through microbiological examination and synovial fluid analysis. Results: Abnormal direct metal-on-metal articulation between the femoral component and the tibial base plate with advanced polyethylene wear were found intraoperatively in all cases in addition to extensive tissues black staining, advanced osteolysis and pseudotumor formation. All cases were managed by single stage revision surgery with implant removal, profound synovectomy and revision using a more constrained modular revision knee system. Conclusion: Metallosis after total knee arthroplasty is a rare situation that should be suspected in total knee arthroplasty cases with radiologically evident advanced polyethylene wear especially in cruciate retaining knee systems. It could lead to significant osteolysis making revision surgery technically challenging.
Patella dislocation with unusual osteochondral fracture, whilst playing virtual reality game
Authors: Canbilen Sefa W , El-Abed Khaldoun , Ahmad Riaz
Published: December 2021

Case: We present case of a 37-year old male who sustained Patella dislocation with an unusual osteochondral fracture (OCF) involving the posterolateral femoral condyle, whilst playing a virtual game, wearing virtual game headset with goggles. He was treated conservatively for patella dislocation and had the OCF treated surgically. At 18 months follow up, his patella was stable and the OCF had healed. Conclusion: OCF of posterolateral femur following patella dislocation is unusual. It must be suspected in patients who sustain patella dislocation whilst doing deep flexion maneuvers. Patella dislocation can conceal an unusual OCF.
Original positioning method to determine the clinical and radiographic parameters of the hip joint in patients with cerebral palsy
Authors: M Yatsulіak , M Nemesh , S Martsyniak , M Kabatsiy , v Filipchuk
Published: December 2021

Relevance: Obtaining true radiographic parameters of the hip joint helps to choose therapeutic tactics for children with cerebral palsy. Goal of the study: Improvement of the diagnostic results in pathology of the hip joint among patients with cerebral palsy by using our original method. Materials and methods: The number of examined patients – 30 persons (60 joints), 15 boys and 15 girls, 26 joints were operated. The age of patients ranged between 3-15 years. All patients underwent a clinical evaluation – Ruwe's femoral torsion, as well as radiography of the hip joints using our original method (utility model patent №137567). The offered method is cheap, simple and accessible to all medical institutions with an X-ray room, for the diagnosis and screening of pathology of the hip joint. The our original method can be used to determine all the main parameters of the hip joint (femoral torsion, neck-shaft angle, Viberg angle, Reimers’ index, acetabular angle, Sharp’s angle) in patients with cerebral palsy. Making only single radiograph, one obtains true radiographic parameters of both hip joints, which significantly reduces the radiation load upon the patient. Our method can be used in the examination and screening of patients with developmental disorders and other diseases of the hip joint.
Management of diabetic foot ulcer & atherosclerosis using tibial transverse bone lengthening technique; Bangladesh experience
Authors: Quayyum MKI Choudhury , Shahidul, Islam , Mohammad Tanvir Ashraf , Shayan R Bari AM
Published: December 2021

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are chronic skin ulcers associated with deep tissue destruction around the foot and ankle region with varying degrees of lower extremity vasculopathy and neuropathy. Diabetic foot ulcer is associated with a high rate of morbidity, disability, mortality and psycho-social cost.
Modified Judet’s Quadricepsplasty with patella traction for extension contracture of knee
Authors: MM Bari , Shahidul Islam , Abul Kalam Azad Mohammad , Tanvir, Ashraf Mohammad , M Shayan R Bari A
Published: December 2021

To see the clinical result of Modified Judet’s Quadricepsplasty (MJQP) with patella traction at BARI-ILIZAROV ORTHOPAEDIC CENTRE for the treatment of knee extension contracture. Materials and methods: We received 16 patients with knee extension contracture treated by MJQP with patella traction from January 2015 to January 2021, at our BARI-ILIZAROV ORTHOPAEDIC CENTRE. The age at revision surgery was 25-58 years. The time between fracture treatment to MJQP was 4 to 20 months and our follow up was 10-30 months. We assessed pre-operative and post-operative range of motion (ROM). Results: Knee range of motion pre-operatively was 5-50 (35± 10)° and 35-85 (55±10)° after MJQP and in average of 0-35(18+10) °. We applied patella traction for 12-14 (10±3)° When we removed the patella traction the knee range of motion at that time was 95-110 (93±4)° and increase of 10-70 compared with the range of motion after release of all arthrofibrosis in the joint. Our follow up time was 12-35 (19±5) months. Knee range of motion at first follow up was 85-135 (105±13)°, an increase of 45-105 (70±15) ° compared with pre-operatively and of 10-45 (12±12)° compared with the range of motion after patella traction removed. Knee function was excellent in 12 cases (70%), good in 3 (27%) and fair in one (3%). Conclusion: MJQP with patella traction lengthens the contracted Quadriceps femoris gives excellent result with proper post-operative care and CPM therapy.
Polypropylene prosthesis as cicatricial adjuvant after fasciotomy for compartment syndrome of the foot: Case report
Authors: Juliano Eustáquio José Martins , Ataíde Oliveira Leonardo Soares , De Oliveira Júnior Décio José , Mendes Thayla Carriço , Fontoura Borges Alberto Martins , Neto Octávio Barbosa
Published: December 2021

The acute foot compartment syndrome is uncommon and occurs after high energy trauma. Your treatment is considered an orthopedic emergency and a fasciotomy becomes needed. However, after the inicial fase of damage control, the cover up of the incision is necessary. That can be done on the primary moment through parcial skin grafting or delayed primary, through the same technique or through direct suture. As an alternative, this case describes the use of polypropylene prosthesis, inicially described in musculoskeletal trauma of finger tips, as an adjunct to the healing process of foot fasciotomies. The main benefits of this technique are the achievement of one single surgical procedure and the absence of the typical morbidity that comes with skin grafting.