bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indelible stain: territorial stigmatization and the limits of resistance
Authors: Power Martin J , Haynes Amanda , Devereux Eoin
Published: September 2020

This article examines the impact of territorial stigma in Limerick, a peripheral Irish city, and whether such stigma can be successfully resisted. It begins by exploring the development of the concept of territorial stigma and its five key characteristics. We reflect on how stigmatization has impacted communities in this city. We then utilize Katz’s (2004) three dimensions of resistance—resistance (denoting an ‘oppositional consciousness’), resilience (denoting coping with life under territorial stigma) and reworking (denoting the recasting of the objects of stigmatization through alternative interpretations) to make sense of how stigmatized identities are being challenged/erased/masked in the context of a top-down ‘rebranding’ of Limerick City. Ultimately the article argues that the capacity of grassroots resistance alone to alter discourses, which although locally focused are intermeshed with much larger ideological conflicts, is questionable.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Surveillance in Decedents in a Large, Urban Medical Examiner’s Office
Authors: Brouwer Andrew F , Myers Jeffrey L , Martin Emily T , Konopka Kristine E , Lauring Adam S , Eisenberg Marisa C , Lephart Paul R , Nguyen Teresa , Jaworski Andrea , Schmidt Carl J
Published: September 2020

Background

Given the challenges in implementing widespread testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is increasing interest in alternative surveillance strategies.

Methods

We tested nasopharyngeal swabs from 1094 decedents in the Wayne County Medical Examiner’s Office for SARS-CoV-2. All decedents were assessed using a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) checklist, and decedents flagged using the checklist (298) were preferentially tested. A random sample of decedents not flagged using the checklist were also tested (796). We statistically analyzed the characteristics of decedents (age, sex, race, and manner of death), differentiating between those flagged using the checklist and not and between those SARS-CoV-2–positive and not.

Results

A larger percentage of decedents overall were male (70% vs 48%) and black (55% vs 36%) compared with the catchment population. Seven-day average percent positivity among flagged decedents closely matched the trajectory of percent positivity in the catchment population, particularly during the peak of the outbreak (March and April 2020). After a lull in May to mid-June, new positive tests in late June coincided with increased case detection in the catchment. We found large racial disparities in test results; SARS-CoV-2–positive decedents were substantially more likely to be black than SARS-CoV-2–negative decedents (82% vs 51%). SARS-CoV-2–positive decedents were also more likely to be older and to have died of natural causes, including of COVID-19 disease.

Conclusions

Disease surveillance through medical examiners and coroners could supplement other forms of surveillance and serve as a possible early outbreak warning sign.
George Washington’s Recurrent Health Problems and Fatal Infection Re-examined
Authors: Mackowiak Philip A
Published: September 2020

George Washington’s medical history has been recounted so many times and with such consistency that it seems that nothing new remains to be said about the panoply of disorders that plagued him during his life. The same can be said for the particular one that carried him off at age 67. We know that he had small pox, dysentery, recurrent attacks of malaria, and a host of other infections during his long and spectacularly productive career. His teeth were a source of unrelenting distress despite his assiduous attention to dental hygiene; and terminally, he developed a rapidly progressive upper respiratory infection, which killed him in little more than a day and a half despite the best medical care available.
Under cover of the night: context-dependency of anthropogenic disturbance on stress levels of wild roe deer Capreolus capreolus
Authors: Carbillet Jeffrey , Rey Benjamin , Palme Rupert , Morellet Nicolas , Bonnot Nadège , Chaval Yannick , Cargnelutti Bruno , Hewison A J M , Gilot-Fromont Emmanuelle , Verheyden Hélène
Published: September 2020

Wildlife populations are increasingly exposed to human-induced modifications of their habitats. To cope with anthropogenic stressors, animals can adjust their behaviour—for example, by shifting their activity to more sheltered habitats, or becoming more nocturnal. However, whether use of spatial and temporal adjustments in behaviour may regulate the endocrine response is poorly documented. Here, we analyzed faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs) of wild roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) living in a human-dominated agro-ecosystem. Using Global Positioning System monitoring of 116 individuals, we assessed their spatial behaviour and tested whether proximity to anthropogenic structures (linear distance to built-up areas) and the use of refuge habitats (woodland and hedges) influenced FCM levels. In accordance with our predictions, individuals ranging closer to anthropogenic structures during daytime had higher FCM levels, but this relationship was buffered as use of refuge habitat increased. In addition, this link between proximity to anthropogenic structures and FCM levels disappeared when we analyzed spatial behaviour at night. Finally, FCM levels were higher when the ambient temperature was lower, and during years of low resource availability. Our results demonstrate that the stress levels of large mammals may be strongly influenced by their proximity to anthropogenic activities, but that these effects may be buffered by behavioural adjustments in terms of space use and circadian rhythm. Whereas most studies have focused on the influence of environmental heterogeneity, our analysis highlights the need to also consider the fine-scale spatial response of individuals when studying the hormonal response of wild animals to human disturbance. We emphasize the potential to mitigate this hormonal stress response, and its potential negative consequences on population dynamics, through the preservation or restoration of patches of refuge habitat in close proximity to human infrastructure.
CitrusKB: a comprehensive knowledge base for transcriptome and interactome ofCitrusspp. infected byXanthomonas citrisubsp.citriat different infection stages
Authors: Ferrasa Adriano , Murata Mayara M , Cofre Teresa D C G , Cavallini Juliana S , Peron Gustavo , Julião Maria H M , Belasque José , Ferreira Henrique , Ferro Maria Inês T , Leite Rui P , Penha Helen A , Carvalho Flávia M S , Varani Alessandro M , Herai Roberto H , Ferro Jesus A
Published: September 2020

Citrus canker type A is a serious disease caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (X. citri), which is responsible for severe losses to growers and to the citrus industry worldwide. To date, no canker-resistant citrus genotypes are available, and there is limited information regarding the molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in the early stages of the citrus canker development. Here, we present the CitrusKB knowledge base. This is the first in vivo interactome database for different citrus cultivars, and it was produced to provide a valuable resource of information on citrus and their interaction with the citrus canker bacterium X. citri. CitrusKB provides tools for a user-friendly web interface to let users search and analyse a large amount of information regarding eight citrus cultivars with distinct levels of susceptibility to the disease, with controls and infected plants at different stages of infection by the citrus canker bacterium X. citri. Currently, CitrusKB comprises a reference citrus genome and its transcriptome, expressed transcripts, pseudogenes and predicted genomic variations (SNPs and SSRs). The updating process will continue over time by the incorporation of novel annotations and analysis tools. We expect that CitrusKB may substantially contribute to the field of citrus genomics. CitrusKB is accessible at http://bioinfo.deinfo.uepg.br/citrus. Users can download all the generated raw sequences and generated datasets by this study from the CitrusKB website.
Siberian sturgeon multi-tissue reference transcriptome database
Authors: Klopp Christophe , Cabau Cédric , Greif Gonzalo , Lasalle André , Di Landro Santiago , Vizziano-Cantonnet Denise
Published: September 2020

Motivation: Siberian sturgeon is a long lived and late maturing fish farmed for caviar production in 50 countries. Functional genomics enable to find genes of interest for fish farming. In the absence of a reference genome, a reference transcriptome is very useful for sequencing based functional studies.

Results: We present here a high-quality transcriptome assembly database built using RNA-seq reads coming from brain, pituitary, gonadal, liver, stomach, kidney, anterior kidney, heart, embryonic and pre-larval tissues. It will facilitate crucial research on topics such as puberty, reproduction, growth, food intake and immunology. This database represents a major contribution to the publicly available sturgeon transcriptome reference datasets.

Availability: The database is publicly available at http://siberiansturgeontissuedb.sigenae.org

Supplementary information:  Supplementary data are available at Database online.
A hybrid therapy for arrhythmogenic congestive cavity in a single ventricle
Authors: Izumi Gaku , Yokoshiki Hisashi , Tachibana Tsuyoshi , Takeda Atsuhito
Published: September 2020

We describe a 15-year-old girl who underwent intraoperative catheter ablation for the ventricular tachycardia associated with Ebstein’s anomaly with functional pulmonary atresia and a small right ventricle (RV) after Fontan surgery. The computed tomography showed the dilated right atrium and RV due to the failure of RV plication. The activation mapping revealed that the ventricular tachycardia showed a focal pattern originating from the atrialized RV (aRV). With careful preparations, the procedure of catheter ablation combined with the adjustment of Starnes fenestration and plication of RV/atrialized RV was very effective for this patient.
Outcome quality of Class II division 1 Herbst-multibracket appliance treatment: influence of pretreatment Class II severity and skeletal maturity
Authors: Bock Niko C , Jost Julia , Ruf Sabine
Published: September 2020

Background

No reliable predictive factors for treatment (Tx) success and outcome quality in Class II:1 Tx have been identified yet.

Objective

To assess the influence of pre-Tx Class II severity and skeletal maturity on outcome quality after Herbst-multibracket appliance (MBA) Tx.

Subjects and methods

All Class II:1 patients who completed Herbst-MBA Tx between 1986 and 2014 at University of Giessen, Germany. Pre-Tx (T0), post-Tx (T1), and (if available) post-retention (≥24 months; T2) study casts were evaluated using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and the Ahlgren scale. Three occlusal severity (mild, moderate, and severe) and four skeletal maturity (pre-peak, peak, post-peak, and adult) subgroup categories were defined.

Results

Four hundred eight-five patients (age at T0: 14.4 ± 3.2 years) could be evaluated; post-retention (T3) data were available for 230 patients. For the total sample, the median PAR score was 32.4 ± 8.85 at T0, 8.0 ± 4.52 at T1, and 8.8 ± 5.11 at T2. Very low correlations between the subgroup categories (occlusal severity/skeletal maturity) and PAR-score reduction were detected both during Tx (r = 0.12/r = 0.05) and the total observation period (r = 0.17/r = 0.03). The overall outcome quality according to Ahlgren was: 17.0% excellent, 34.8% good, 43.8% acceptable, 2.2% unacceptable, and 2.2% not assessable. The association with the subgroup categories was: p = 0.019 (occlusal severity)/p = 0.820 (skeletal maturity).

Limitations

Retrospective study design with follow-up data was not available from all subjects and no data from untreated controls. Tx was performed by several physicians using different kind of MBAs.

Conclusion

Class II:1 Herbst-MBA Tx is an effective and successful Tx approach irrespective of pre-Tx skeletal maturity but dependent—to a certain extent—on Class II severity. Thus, when considering a Herbst appliance for Class II correction, neither of the two variables should considerably limit the indication.
Burden of infections on older patients presenting to general practice: a registry-based study
Authors: Struyf Thomas , Nuyts Shauni , Tournoy Jos , Vaes Bert , Verbakel Jan Y , Van den Bruel Ann
Published: September 2020

Background

Estimates on the incidence rates of infections are needed to assess the burden of disease in the community.

Objective

To assess incidence rates of potentially serious infections in patients aged 65 years and over presenting to Flemish general practice from 2000 to 2015, and to describe patient characteristics.

Methods

We performed a retrospective study, based on data provided by the Intego morbidity registry of the KU Leuven, which includes the electronic medical records of 111 general practitioners. Incidence rates were calculated taking person-time at risk into account, and longitudinal trends from 2000 to 2015 were analysed using autoregressive time-series analyses.

Results

On average, a person aged 65 years or older has an 8.0% risk of getting a potentially serious infection each year. Acute cystitis was the most often occurring potentially serious infection [39.8/1000 person-years; 95% confidence interval (CI): 39.4–40.2], followed by influenza like illness (ILI, 24.3/1000 person-years; 95% CI: 24.0–24.6) and pneumonia (9.7/1000 person-years; 95% CI: 9.5–9.9). The incidence rates of pneumonia were higher in older age groups and in men, whereas they were markedly lower for ILI at older ages, in both genders. From 2000 to 2015, overall incidence rates decreased significantly for ILI, while they increased in women for pneumonia, acute cystitis and pyelonephritis. Common chronic comorbidities were non-insulin dependent diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, heart failure and chronic renal insufficiency.

Conclusions

Potentially serious infections are quite common in an older patient population presenting to primary care. They are accompanied by several chronic comorbidities, which may differ by infection type.
Metabolic alterations and vulnerabilities in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tenen Daniel G , Chai Li , Tan Justin L
Published: September 2020

Liver cancer is a serious disease. It is ranked as the cancer with the second highest number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which arises from transformed hepatocytes, is the major subtype of liver cancer. It accounts for 85% of total liver-cancer cases. An important aspect of HCC that has been actively studied is its metabolism. With the liver as the primary site of numerous metabolic processes in the body, it has been shown that the metabolism of HCC cells is highly dysregulated compared to that of normal hepatocytes. It is therefore crucial to understand the metabolic alterations caused by HCC and the underlying mechanisms for these alterations. This deeper understanding will allow diagnostic and therapeutic advancements in the treatment of HCC. In this review, we will summarize the current literature in HCC metabolic alterations, induced vulnerabilities, and potential therapeutic interventions.
Older Adults’ Experience of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Stresses and Joys
Authors: Whitehead Brenda R , Torossian Emily
Published: September 2020

Background and Objectives

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is experienced differently across individuals, and older adults’ different life experiences lead to a variety of ways of coping. The present study explores older adults’ reports of what about the pandemic is stressful, and what brings joy and comfort in the midst of stress.

Research Design and Methods

An online survey asked 825 U.S. adults aged 60 and older to complete questionnaires assessing 3 psychological well-being indicators: perceived stress, negative affect, and positive affect. Participants also responded to open-ended questions about what was stressful and what brought joy or comfort at the time of the survey. A mixed-method approach first qualitatively analyzed the open-ended responses, content analysis identified themes most frequently reported, and quantitative analysis examined the associations between various stressors and joys and the psychological well-being indicators.

Results

Qualitative analysis revealed 20 stress categories and 21 joy/comfort categories. The most commonly reported stressors were confinement/restrictions, concern for others, and isolation/loneliness; the most commonly reported sources of joy/comfort were family/friend relationships, digital social contact, and hobbies. Demographic comparisons revealed variations in experience. Independent t tests revealed stress from concern for others, the unknown future, and contracting the virus to be significantly associated with poorer psychological well-being; faith, exercise/self-care, and nature were associated with more positive psychological well-being.

Discussion and Implications

Results are discussed in the context of stress and coping theory, highlighting the importance of understanding the unique stress experience of each individual for effective distress intervention.
Essential Cases: EU Law
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. Essential Cases provides you with succinct summaries of some of the landmark and most influential cases in EU law. Each summary begins with a review of the main case facts and decision. The summary is then concluded with expert commentary on the case from the author, Noreen O'Meara, including her assessment of the wider questions raised by the decision.
Srl CILFIT and Lanificio di Gavardo SpA v Ministry of Health (Case 283/81), EU:C:1982:335, [1982] ECR 3415, 6 October 1982
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Srl CILFIT and Lanificio di Gavardo SpA v Ministry of Health (Case 283/81), EU:C:1982:335, [1982] ECR 3415, 6 October 1982. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O'Meara.
Commission v Greece (‘Crete case II’) (Case C-387/97), EU:C:2000:356, [2000] ECR I-5092, 4 July 2000
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Commission v Greece (‘Crete case II’) (Case C-387/97), EU:C:2000:356, [2000] ECR I-5092, 4 July 2000. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O'Meara.
Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation v Council and Commission (‘Kadi I’) (Joined Cases C-402/05 P and C-415/05 P), EU:C:2008:461, [2008] ECR I-6351, 3 September 2008.
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation v Council and Commission (‘Kadi I’) (Joined Cases C-402/05 P and C-415/05 P), EU:C:2008:461, [2008] ECR I-6351, 3 September 2008. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O'Meara.
Procureur du Roi v Benoît and Gustave Dassonville (Case 8/74), EU:C:1974:82, [1974] ECR 837, 11 July 1974
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Procureur du Roi v Benoît and Gustave Dassonville (Case 8/74), EU:C:1974:82, [1974] ECR 837, 11 July 1974. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O'Meara.
Association belge des Consommateurs Test-Achats and others v Council (Case C-236/09), EU:C:2011:100, [2011] ECR I-773, 1 March 2011
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Association belge des Consommateurs Test-Achats and others v Council (Case C-236/09), EU:C:2011:100, [2011] ECR I-773, 1 March 2011. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O'Meara.
Wightman and others v Secretary of State for Exiting the European Union (Case C-621/18), EU:C:2018:999, 10 December 2018
Authors: O'Meara Noreen
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: EU Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Wightman and others (Case C-621/18), EU:C:2018:999, 10 December 2018. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Noreen O'Meara.
Essential Cases: Land Law
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. Essential Cases provides you with succinct summaries of some of the landmark and most influential cases in land law. Each summary begins with a review of the main case facts and decisions. The summary is then concluded with expert commentary on the case from the author, Aruna Nair, including her assessment of the wider questions raised by the decision.
Thorner v Major [2009] UKHL 18, House of Lords
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Thorner v Major [2009] UKHL 18, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Walsh v Lonsdale (1882) 21 Ch D 9, Court of Appeal
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Walsh v Lonsdale (1882) 21 Ch D 9, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Abbey National Building Society v Cann [1991] 1 AC 56, House of Lords
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Abbey National Building Society v Cann [1991] 1 AC 56, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
City of London Building Society v Flegg [1988] AC 54, House of Lords
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in City of London Building Society v Flegg [1988] AC 54, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
MacLeod v Gold Harp Properties Ltd [2014] EWCA 1084, Court of Appeal
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in MacLeod v Gold Harp Properties Ltd [2014] EWCA 1084, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Binions v Evans [1972] Ch 359, Court of Appeal
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Binions v Evans [1972] Ch 359, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Bruton v London & Quadrant Housing Trust [1999] 1 AC 406, House of Lords
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Bruton v London & Quadrant Housing Trust [1999] 1 AC 406, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Royal Bank of Scotland plc v Etridge (No. 2) [2001] UKHL 44, House of Lords
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Royal Bank of Scotland plc v Etridge (No. 2) [2001] UKHL 44, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
Federated Lodge Homes Ltd v Mill Lodge Properties Ltd [1980] 1 WLR 494, Court of Appeal
Authors: Nair Aruna
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Federated Lodge Homes Ltd v Mill Lodge Properties Ltd [1980] 1 WLR 494, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.
McFarlane v Tayside Health Board [2000] 2 AC 59
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in McFarlane v Tayside Health Board [2000] 2 AC 59. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
McLoughlin v O’Brian [1983] 1 AC 410
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in McLoughlin v O’Brian [1983] 1 AC 410. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Alcock v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police [1992] 1 AC 310
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Alcock v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police [1992] 1 AC 310. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
White v Jones [1995] 2 AC 207
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in White v Jones [1995] 2 AC 207. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Bolton v Stone [1951] AC 850
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Bolton v Stone [1951] AC 850. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Dunnage v Randall [2016] QB 639
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Dunnage v Randall [2016] QB 639. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board [2015] UKSC 11
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Montgomery v Lanarkshire Health Board [2015] UKSC 11. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Wilsher v Essex Area Health Authority [1988] 1 AC 1074
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Wilsher v Essex Area Health Authority [1988] 1 AC 1074. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Reeves v Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis [2000] 1 AC 360
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Reeves v Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis [2000] 1 AC 360. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
O (A Child) v Rhodes [2016] AC 219
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in O (A Child) v Rhodes [2016] AC 219. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Rylands v Fletcher (1868) LR 3 HL 330
Authors: Purshouse Craig
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Tort Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Rylands v Fletcher (1868) LR 3 HL 330. The document also included supporting commentary from author Craig Purshouse.
Re Baden’s Deed Trusts (No 2) [1973] Ch 9, Court of Appeal
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Re Baden’s Deed Trusts (No 2) [1973] Ch 9, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
Pennington v Waine [2002] EWCA Civ 227, Court of Appeal
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Pennington v Waine [2002] EWCA Civ 227, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
Barclays Bank Plc v O’Brien [1994] 1 AC 180, House of Lords
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Barclays Bank Plc v O’Brien [1994] 1 AC 180, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
Crossco (No 4) Unlimited v Jolan Ltd & Ors [2011] EWCA Civ 1619, Court of Appeal
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Crossco (No 4) Unlimited v Jolan Ltd & Ors [2011] EWCA Civ 1619, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
AIB Group (UK) Plc v Mark Redler & Co Solicitors [2014] UKSC 58, Supreme Court
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in AIB Group (UK) Plc v Mark Redler & Co Solicitors [2014] UKSC 58, Supreme Court. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
Foskett v McKeown [2001] 1 AC 102, House of Lords
Authors: Whayman Derek
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Equity & Trusts provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Foskett v McKeown [2001] 1 AC 102, House of Lords. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Derek Whayman.
R v Fagan [1969] 1 QB 439, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Fagan [1969] 1 QB 439, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v G and R [2003] UKHL 50, House of Lords
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v G and R [2003] UKHL 50, House of Lords. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Woollin [1999] 1 AC 82, House of Lords
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Woollin [1999] 1 AC 82, House of Lords. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R (Conway) v Secretary of State for Justice [2017] EWCA Civ 275, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R (Conway) v Secretary of State for Justice [2017] EWCA Civ 275, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Barnes [2004] EWCA Crim 3246, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Barnes [2004] EWCA Crim 3246, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Dica [2004] EWCA Crim 1103, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Dica [2004] EWCA Crim 1103, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Collins [1973] QB 100, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Collins [1973] QB 100, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Hasan [2005] UKHL 22, House of Lords
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Hasan [2005] UKHL 22, House of Lords. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v SO [2013] EWCA Crim 1725, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v SO [2013] EWCA Crim 1725, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Taj [2018] EWCA Crim 1743, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Taj . The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
R v Pace and Rogers [2014] EWCA Crim 186, Court of Appeal
Authors: Herring Jonathan
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Criminal Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R v Pace and Rogers [2014] EWCA Crim 186, Court of Appeal. The document also included supporting commentary from author Jonathan Herring.
Butler Machine Tool Co. Ltd v Ex-Cell-O Corporation (England) Ltd [1979] 1 WLR 401, Court of Appeal
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Butler Machine Tool Co. Ltd v Ex-Cell-O Corporation (England) Ltd [1979] 1 WLR 401. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Edgington v Fitzmaurice (1885) 29 Ch D 459. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Royal Bank of Scotland v Etridge (No.2) [2001] UKHL 44
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Royal Bank of Scotland v Etridge (No. 2) [2001] UKHL 44. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Arnold v Britton [2015] UKSC 36
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Arnold v Britton [2015] UKSC 36. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Taylor v Caldwell (1863) 3 B & S 826
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Taylor v Caldwell (1863) 3 B & S 826. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
J. Lauritzen v Wijsmuller (The ‘Super Servant Two’) [1990] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 1
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in J. Lauritzen v Wijsmuller (The ‘Super Servant Two’) [1990] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 1. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Ruxley Electronics and Construction Ltd v Forsyth [1996] AC 344
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Ruxley Electronics and Construction Ltd v Forsyth [1996] AC 344. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
Cavendish Square Holding BV v Talal El Makdessi; ParkingEye Ltd v Beavis [2015] UKSC 67
Authors: Jackson Nicola
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Contract Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Cavendish Square Holding BV v Talal El Makdessi; ParkingEye Ltd v Beavis [2015] UKSC 67. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Nicola Jackson.
A v BBC (Scotland) [2014] UKSC 25, Supreme Court
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in A v BBC (Scotland) [2014] UKSC 25, before the UK Supreme Court. This case concerned whether a court order granting anonymity to a convicted and deported foreign national sex offender could remain in place, notwithstanding objections from BBC (Scotland). In answering the question, the Court articulated what it referred to as the common law principle of open justice, which is the focus of this case note. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
Campbell v Mirror Group News Limited [2004] UKHL 22, House of Lords
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Campbell v Mirror Group News Limited [2004] UKHL 22, before the House of Lords. MGN Ltd had published newspaper articles regarding Noami Campbell’s recovery from drug addiction. Campbell alleged this was a breach of her Article 8 rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). MGN Ltd argued that restricting its ability to publish such articles would be a breach of its Article 10 rights. The case provides an example of discussion regarding the concept of ‘indirect’ horizontal effect of the ECHR under the Human Rights Act 1998. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
Dimes v Proprietors of the Grand Junction Canal (1852) III House of Lords Cases (Clark’s) 759, 10 ER 301, House of Lords
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Dimes v Proprietors of the Grand Junction Canal (1852) III House of Lords Cases (Clark’s) 759, 10 ER 301, House of Lords. This case concerns an example of a judge holding a pecuniary interest in a case they were adjudicating upon. There is also wider discussion of the concept of bias. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
Imperial Tobacco Ltd v The Lord Advocate (Scotland) [2012] UKSC 61, Supreme Court
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Imperial Tobacco Ltd v The Lord Advocate (Scotland) [2012] UKSC 61, UK Supreme Court. This case concerned the devolved legislative competence of the Scottish Parliament, the powers reserved to the Westminster Parliament under the Scotland Act 1998, and how these provisions should be interpreted. The statutory interpretation of constitutional legislation is also considered. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
Parochial Church Council of the Parish of Aston Cantlow, Wilmcote with Billesley v Wallbank [2003] UKHL 37, House of Lords
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Parochial Church Council of the Parish of Aston Cantlow, Wilmcote with Billesley v Wallbank [2003] UKHL 37, House of Lords. The underlying substantive issue in this case was the question of whether the Wallbanks were liable to pay for the repair of their local parish church. However, this case note focuses on the definition of public authorities under s. 6 of the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA). Public authorities are required to act in accordance with the HRA, and the Wallbanks contended that the Parochial Church Council was a public authority within the meaning of s. 6. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
R (on the application of Abbasi) v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs and Secretary of State for the Home Department [2002] EWCA Civ 1598, Court of Appeal
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R (on the application of Abbasi v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs and Secretary of State for the Home Department [2002] EWCA Civ 1598, before the Court of Appeal. This case concerned, among other things, whether foreign policy decisions made by the executive under the prerogative power could ever constitute justiciable matters arguable before the courts. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
R (on the application of Al-Skeini) v Secretary of State for Defence [2007] UKHL 26, House of Lords
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R (on the application of Al-Skeini) v Secretary of State for Defence [2007] UKHL 26, House of Lords. This case concerned the extra-territorial effect of the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA)—that is, the effect of the HRA beyond the physical jurisdiction of the United Kingdom. The underlying substantive issue concerned six test cases where Iraqi civilians had died following interactions with British forces occupying the Iraqi city of Basra and the surrounding area. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
R (on the application of Chester) v Secretary of State for Justice [2013] UKSC 63, Supreme Court
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R (on the application of Chester) v Secretary of State for Justice [2013] UKSC 63, Supreme Court. This case addressed a further challenge to the rules against prisoner voting (see Hirst), and considered the limits of the courts’ role in relation to legislation deemed incompatible with the Human Rights Act 1998. Here the court was sceptical of the value of making a further declaration of incompatibility in an area where such declarations had already been made. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
R (on the application of Ullah) v Special Adjudicator [2004] UKHL 26, House of Lords
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in R (on the application of Ullah) v Special Adjudicator [2004] UKHL 26, House of Lords. The substantive issue in this case concerned an unsuccessful claim for asylum on the basis of a fear of religious persecution. However, the focus of this case note is on Lord Bingham’s views on the extent to which the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights should influence the deliberations of the domestic courts in their application of the Human Rights Act 1998’via the ‘mirror principle’. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
Ridge v Baldwin [1964] AC 40, House of Lords
Authors: Webb Thomas E.
Published: September 2020

Essential Cases: Public Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Ridge v Baldwin [1964] AC 40, House of Lords. This case considered whether the process by which a Chief Constable was sacked amounted to procedural unfairness and breached the rules of natural justice. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Thomas Webb.
1. History of the project (1972–2020)
Authors: de Mars Sylvia
Published: September 2020

This chapter traces the history of the EU, and UK participation in the EU project at its key developmental moments, revealing that the referendum outcome on 23 June 2016 was perhaps a shock, but not a wholly unpredictable one. The EU's overall goals have never quite matched the UK's reasons for participating in the project. The chapter then sets out what goals the EU project has had over time, and how these have fitted with UK priorities and interests. It also looks at each key revision of the EU's foundational Treaties in turn, including the Treaty of Rome, the Maastricht Treaty, and the Lisbon Treaty. The UK willingly limited its sovereignty when it joined the EU in 1972; it has now exercised its sovereignty again by withdrawing from the EU. The chapter concludes with some thoughts on what will happen next in the now four-year-long Brexit saga.