bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards conductive hydrogels in e-skins: a review on rational design and recent developments
Authors: Li Chujia
Published: October 2021

This review constructed a framework of methodologies to summarize the recent progress of high-performance conductive hydrogels for flexible electronics and further provide novel insights about rational design of the advanced hydrogels.
Quantum mechanical modelling of phosphorus qubits in silicene under constrained magnetization
Authors: Gnidenko Anton A. , Chibisov Andrey N. , Chibisova Mary A. , Prokhorenko Anastasiia V.
Published: October 2021

The dependent behaviour of a pair of phosphorus atoms in silicene was shown by a DFT calculation with constrained magnetization. The total energy and charge distribution change with the rotation of the local magnetic moment of the P atoms.
DIBALH: from known fundamental to an unusual reaction; chemoselective partial reduction of tertiary amides in the presence of esters
Authors: Heo Yu Jin , Kim Hyun Tae , Jaladi Ashok Kumar , An Duk Keun
Published: October 2021

Highly chemoselective partial reduction of tertiary amides to aldehydes over esters are reported with commercial DIBALH. Various aldehydes are synthesized in excellent yields.
Undergraduate chemistry and biochemistry majors' perceptions of careers in chemistry
Authors: Ribble Jennifer Marie , Grunert Kowalske Megan
Published: October 2021

In recent years there has been an increased emphasis on recruiting and retaining STEM students in order for the United States to retain its position as a leader in STEM fields (President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, (2012), Report to the president, engage to excel: Producing one million additional college graduates with degrees in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; Chen, X. (2013), STEM attrition: College students’ paths into and out of STEM fields). Knowing that choice of major and choice of career are closely related (Negru-Subtirica O. and Pop E. I., (2018), Reciprocal associations between educational identity and vocational identity in adolescence: a three-wave longitudinal investigation, J. Youth Adolesc., 47, 703–716; Negru-Subtirica et al. (2018), Good omens? The intricate relations between educational and vocational identity in adolescence, Eur. J. Dev. Psychol., 15(1), 83–98), it is important that we understand what students know about careers available in the field of chemistry as well as what they know about what those careers are like. In this study, qualitative methodology was utilized using narrative inquiry and case study analysis methods in order to capture the lived experiences of six senior-status chemistry and biochemistry majors at a mid-sized, Midwestern university. Participants were interviewed, narratives were constructed from their interview transcripts, and the narratives were used as case studies that were compared to one another. It was found that students are not fully aware of the careers available to them with a degree in chemistry or biochemistry or what the career options they did identify were like on a day-to-day basis. It was also noted that resources are not distributed evenly to all students and that there were resources that were missing that students would have liked to have access to. Suggestions for improvement in chemistry career education are discussed along with limitations of the study and ideas for future work.
Isolation of a planar 1,2-dilithio-disilene and its conversion to a Si–B hybrid 2π-electron system and a planar tetraboryldisilene
Authors: Tian Miao , Zhang Jianying , Guo Lulu , Cui Chunming
Published: October 2021

Dianionic disilyne: reduction of boryltribromosilane yielded the 1,2-dilithio-disilene 2, which is a powerful transfer reagent for the synthesis of a novel 2π aromatic system and the first tetraboryldisilene.
Periodic nanowire arrays with alternating compositions and structures fabricated using a simultaneous nanowire formation step
Authors: Burg Ofer , Sanguramath Rajashekharayya A. , Michman Elisheva , Eren Noga , Popov Inna , Shenhar Roy
Published: October 2021

The spatial location of cylindrical domains within thin block copolymer films was used to selectively modify similar domains with different materials. Subsequent plasma treatment led to nanowire arrays with alternating compositions or nanostructures.
Probing modified Newtonian dynamics with hypervelocity stars
Authors: Chakrabarty Sankha Subhra , Ostorero Luisa , Gallo Arianna , Ebagezio Stefano , Diaferio Antonaldo
Published: October 2021

We show that measuring the velocity components of hypervelocity stars (HVSs) can discriminate between modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) and Newtonian gravity. Hypervelocity stars are ejected from the Galactic center on radial trajectories with a null tangential velocity component in the reference frame of the Galaxy. They acquire tangential components due to the nonspherical components of the Galactic gravitational potential. Axisymmetric potentials only affect the latitudinal components, vθ, and non-null azimuthal components, vϕ, originate from non-axisymmetric matter distributions. For HVSs with sufficiently high ejection speed, the azimuthal velocity components are proportionate to the deviation of the gravitational potential from axial symmetry. The ejection velocity threshold is ∼750 km s−1 for 4 M⊙ stars and increases with decreasing HVS mass. We determine the upper limit of vϕ as a function of the galactocentric distance for these high-speed HVSs if MOND, in its quasi-linear formulation QUMOND, is the correct theory of gravity and either the triaxial Galactic bulge or a nonspherical hot gaseous halo is the primary source of the azimuthal component, vϕ. In Newtonian gravity, the HVSs within 60 kpc of the Galactic center may easily have vϕ values higher than the QUMOND upper limit if the dark matter halo is triaxial or if the dark matter halo and the baryonic components are axisymmetric but their two axes of symmetry are misaligned. Therefore, even a limited sample of high-speed HVSs could in principle allow us to distinguish between the QUMOND scenario and the dark matter model. This test is currently limited by (i) the lack of a proper procedure to assess whether a star originates from the Galactic center and thus is indeed an HVS in the model one wishes to constrain; and (ii) the large uncertainties on the galactocentric azimuthal velocity components, which should be reduced by at least a factor of ∼10 to make this test conclusive. A proper procedure to assess the HVS nature of the observed stars and astrometric measurements with microarcsecond precision would make this test feasible.
Exploring the physics behind the non-thermal emission from star-forming galaxies detected in γ rays
Authors: Kornecki P. , Peretti E. , del Palacio S. , Benaglia P. , Pellizza L. J.
Published: October 2021

Context. Star-forming galaxies emit non-thermal radiation from radio to γ rays. Observations show that their radio and γ-ray luminosities scale with their star formation rates, supporting the hypothesis that non-thermal radiation is emitted by cosmic rays produced by their stellar populations. However, the nature of the main cosmic-ray transport processes that shape the emission in these galaxies is still poorly understood, especially at low star formation rates.

Aims. Our aim is to investigate the main mechanisms of global cosmic-ray transport and cooling in star-forming galaxies. The way they contribute to shaping the relations between non-thermal luminosities and star formation rates could shed light onto their nature, and allow us to quantify their relative importance at different star formation rates.

Methods. We developed a model to compute the cosmic-ray populations of star-forming galaxies, taking into account their production, transport, and cooling. The model is parametrised only through global galaxy properties, and describes the non-thermal emission in radio (at 1.4 GHz and 150 MHz) and γ rays (in the 0.1−100 GeV band). We focused on the role of diffusive and advective transport by galactic winds, either driven by turbulent or thermal instabilities. We compared model predictions to observations, for which we compiled a homogeneous set of luminosities in these radio bands, and updated those available in γ rays.

Results. Our model reproduces reasonably well the observed relations between the γ-ray or 1.4 GHz radio luminosities and the star formation rate, assuming a single power-law scaling of the magnetic field (with index β = 0.3) and winds blowing either at Alfvenic speeds (∼tens of km s−1, for ≲5 M⊙ yr−1) or typical starburst wind velocities (∼hundreds of km s−1, for ≳5 M⊙ yr−1). Escape of cosmic rays is negligible for ≳30 M⊙ yr−1. A constant ionisation fraction of the interstellar medium fails to reproduce the 150 MHz radio luminosity throughout the whole star formation rate range.

Conclusions. Our results reinforce the idea that galaxies with high star formation rates are cosmic-ray calorimeters, and that the main mechanism driving proton escape is diffusion, whereas electron escape also proceeds via wind advection. They also suggest that these winds should be cosmic-ray or thermally driven at low and intermediate star formation rates, respectively. Our results globally support that magneto-hydrodynamic turbulence is responsible for the dependence of the magnetic field strength on the star formation rate and that the ionisation fraction is strongly disfavoured to be constant throughout the whole range of star formation rates.
Plasma environment effects on K lines of astrophysical interest
Authors: Palmeri P. , Deprince J. , Bautista M. A. , Fritzsche S. , García J. A. , Kallman T. R. , Mendoza C. , Quinet P.
Published: October 2021

Aims. We calculate the plasma environment effects on the ionization potentials (IPs) and K-thresholds used in the modeling of K lines for all the ions belonging to the isonuclear sequences of abundant elements apart from oxygen and iron, namely: carbon, silicon, calcium, chromium, and nickel. These calculations are used to extend the data points for the fits of the universal formulae, first proposed in our fourth paper of this series, to predict the IP and K-threshold lowerings in any elemental ion.

Methods. We used the fully relativistic multi-configuration Dirac–Fock method and approximated the plasma electron-nucleus and electron-electron screenings with a time-averaged Debye–Hückel potential.

Results. We report the modified ionization potentials and K-threshold energies for plasmas characterized by electron temperatures and densities in the ranges of 105−107 K and 1018−1022 cm−3. In addition, the improved universal fitting formulae are obtained.

Conclusions. We conclude that since explicit calculations of the atomic structures for each ion of each element under different plasma conditions is impractical, the use of these universal formulae for predicting the IP and K-threshold lowerings in plasma modeling codes is still recommended. However, their comparatively moderate to low accuracies may affect the predicted opacities with regard to certain cases under extreme plasma conditions that are characterized by a plasma screening parameter of μ > 0.2 a.u., especially for the K-thresholds.
FSR 1776: A new globular cluster in the Galactic bulge?
Authors: Dias B. , Palma T. , Minniti D. , Fernández-Trincado J. G. , Alonso-García J. , Barbuy B. , Clariá J. J. , Gomez M. , Saito R. K.
Published: October 2021

Context. Recent near-IR surveys have uncovered a plethora of new globular cluster (GC) candidates towards the Milky Way bulge. These new candidates need to be confirmed as real GCs and properly characterised.

Aims. We investigate the physical nature of FSR 1776, a very interesting star cluster projected towards the Galactic bulge. This object was originally classified as an intermediate-age open cluster, and has recently been re-discovered independently and classified as a GC candidate (Minni 23). Firstly, our aim is to confirm its GC nature; secondly, we determine its physical parameters.

Methods. The confirmation of the cluster existence is checked using the radial velocity (RV) distribution of a MUSE data cube centred at FSR 1776. The cluster parameters are derived from isochrone fitting to the RV-cleaned colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) from visible and near-IR photometry taken from VVV, 2MASS, DECAPS, and Gaia all together.

Results. The predicted RV distribution for the FSR 1776 coordinates, considering only contributions from the bulge and disc field stars, is not enough to explain the observed MUSE RV distribution. The extra population (12% of the sample) is FSR 1776 with an average RV of −103.7 ± 0.4 km s−1. The CMDs reveal that it is 10 ± 1 Gyr metal-rich population with [Fe/H]phot ≈ +0.2 ± 0.2, [Fe/H]spec = +0.02 ± 0.01(σ = 0.14 dex), located at the bulge distance of 7.24 ± 0.5 kpc with AV ≈ 1.1 mag. The mean cluster proper motions are (⟨μα⟩,⟨μδ⟩) = (−2.3 ± 1.1, −2.6 ± 0.8) mas yr−1.

Conclusions. FSR 1776 is an old GC located in the Galactic bulge with a super-solar metallicity, among the highest for a Galactic GC. This is consistent with predictions for the age–metallicity relation of the bulge, being FSR 1776 the probable missing link between typical GCs and the metal-rich bulge field. High-resolution spectroscopy of a larger field of view and deeper CMDs are now required for a full characterisation.
Distribution and intensity of High-Temperature Low-Pressure metamorphism across the Pyrenean-Cantabrian belt: constraints on the thermal record of the pre-orogenic hyperextension rifting
Authors: Ducoux Maxime , Jolivet Laurent , Masini Emmanuel , Augier Romain , Lahfid Abdeltif , Bernet Matthias , Calassou Sylvain
Published: October 2021

Whereas a straightforward link between crustal thinning and geothermal gradients during rifting is now well established, the thermal structure of sedimentary basins within hyperextended domains remains poorly documented. For this purpose, we investigate the spatial distribution of rift-related High-Temperature Low-Pressure (HT/LP) metamorphism recorded in the preserved hyperextended rift basins inverted and integrated in the Pyrenean-Cantabrian belt. Based on Vitrinite Reflectance (Ro) data measured in 169 boreholes and more than 200 peak-metamorphic temperatures (Tmax) data obtained by Raman Spectroscopy of Carbonaceous Material (RSCM) added to ∼425 previously publishedTmaxdata, we propose a new map depicting the spatial distribution of the HT/LPmetamorphism of the Pyrenean-Cantabrian belt. We also provide three regional-scale geological cross-sections associated with RoandTmaxdata to constrain the distribution of paleo-isograds at depth. Based on these results, we show that the impact of rift-related metamorphism is restricted to the pre- and syn-rift sequence suggested by the depth profiles of Rovalues measured in different tectonostratigraphic intervals (pre-, syn- and post-rift and syn-convergence sediments). However, a small strip of early orogenic sediments (Santonian in age) appears also affected by high temperatures along the North Pyrenean Frontal Thrust and above the Grand Rieu ridge, which we attribute to the percolation of hot hydrothermal fluids sourced from the dehydration of underthrust basement and/or sedimentary rocks at depth during the early orogenic stage. The map shows that the HT/LPmetamorphism (reaching ∼500 °C) is recorded with similar intensity along the Pyrenean-Cantabrian belt from the west in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin to the east in the Boucheville and Bas-Agly basins, for similar burial and rift-related structural settings. This thermal peak is also recorded underneath the northern border of the Mauléon Basin (calibrated by wells). It suggests that the high temperatures were recorded at the basement-sediment interface underneath the most distal part of the hyperextended domain. At basin-scale, we observe in the Basque-Cantabrian, Mauléon-Arzacq and Tarascon rift segments an asymmetry of the thermal structure revealed by different horizontal thermal gradients, supporting an asymmetry of the former hyperextended rift system. Using our results, we compare the Pyrénées to the Alps that also recorded hyperextension but no HT/LPmetamorphic event and suggest that the high-temperature record within the basins depends on high sedimentation rate promoting a thermal blanketing effect and circulation of hydrothermal fluids.
International Tourism and Sustainable Development Challenges in Southern and Eastern Africa
Authors: Suchkova Anna A.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the role of international tourism and tourist companies in Eastern and Southern Africa in addressing sustainable development challenges such as hunger eradication, transition to affordable clean energy, climate change and ecosystem conservation. Facts and figures show that African companies that are developing their businesses within the framework of sustainable tourism can make a major contribution through their daily procedures to the challenges of biodiversity conservation, combating poaching and reforestation. The article investigates positive trends in business practices of African companies that operate in a globally competitive environment, such as the switch to solar energy in their tourist destinations. The main lines of action to mitigate the negative environmental and social consequences of the decline in international tourism due to the Covid-19 pandemic are highlighted.
Real-virtual platforms for organizing events on environmental education of students of technical universities
Authors: Semaeva O. V. , Novikova V. N. , Azmetova R. F. , Ivanova M. E. , Pivkina N. N.
Published: October 2021

The problem of environmental conservation is currently one of the most acute for the entire world community, and therefore one of the strategic directions for the development of modern higher technical education in Russia is to increase the level of environmental education of university students. The article discusses the ways of organizing educational work in technical universities using real-virtual platforms, provides a theoretical justification for the need to improve the effectiveness of methods of environmental education of university students, and identifies the specifics of organizing discussion clubs using real-virtual platforms. The paper presents the results of an empirical study of students ' participation in an experiment, during which they discussed environmental problems on the site of a real-virtual discussion club. The results of the study prove the high efficiency of conducting environmental educational activities on real-virtual sites.
Sustainable development: new socio-environmental trends
Authors: Sergeenko Yulia , Abanina Elena , Galkina Oksana , Nikitenko Yulia , Averyanova Olga
Published: October 2021

The policy of each state is aimed at preserving the life and health of people. Longevity of people depends on environmental and legal protection guaranteed and respected by the adopted normative legal acts of states, as well as interstate agreements. Sustainable development is based on three areas: environmental, economic, and social. In the case of accidents (industrial injuries, environmental emergencies, and etc.), non-observance and violation of the rights of people and employees of enterprises in the environmental sphere of activity is observed. Therefore, it became necessary to solve the problem in the direction of social and economic responsibility. The article authors have developed exceptional offers for implementation and maintenance of these areas, both in environmental law and in labor law (social protection). By applying and following these offers, we will try to preserve and protect the ecology of the world countries, thereby implementing social and labor protection of people.
Monitoring of water bodies as a technology for sustainable development
Authors: Lazareva Natalia
Published: October 2021

To achieve the goals of sustainable development, environmental monitoring of water bodies is considered as a modern technology for sustainable development in the field of clean water and a tool for the rational use of water resources. The works of the participants of the Baltic scientific and engineering competition on environmental monitoring, assessment of the ecological state of water bodies are analyzed. Biological purification of water bodies is not unlimited. When the intensity of the intake of pollutants exceeds the sanitary capabilities of water bodies, the ecosystem is destroyed. A set of measures for the environmental safety of river water is outlined. Reducing pollution, refusal from unauthorized dumping of waste, untreated wastewater are considered as means of improving water quality. Based on the review of competitive projects, priority measures were proposed to ensure the sustainable development of territories, including the conduct of massive information and educational projects, the implementation of internal control of the cleanliness of coastal zones of water bodies, and continuous environmental monitoring of water bodies.
The role of Eco-tourism in sustainable development: case study eco-tourism challenges in Iran
Authors: Rezaeinejad Ismael , Khaniwadekar Amol
Published: October 2021

Sustainable development is a new concept formed after the industrial revolution and the problems created concerning industrialization of cities and technological development of cities and linking different economic, cultural, political, and social development and exceptional attention to ecological considerations. Sustainable development has a comprehensive, integrated and human-oriented approach. It includes valuable concepts in preserving, promoting, and improving health and ecological integrity in the long term and providing human needs. Without destroying the next generation's ability and achieving economic dynamism, a livable environment and social equality are critical dimensions. The importance of conservation of natural resources in the urban environment is as significant as one of the essential areas of development of communities and, at the same time, a criterion for improving the quality of life. The consequences of urban development and the complexity of environmental problems have the inevitable existence of green spaces and their development. Due to the role of urban management in achieving sustainable urban development, this research tries to explain the concept of urban management, its objectives, and its components and provide effective urban management to achieve sustainable development. Eco-tourism is mainly based on resources that the natural environment is available to tourists that use it and appropriate conditions and requires protection of natural resources, which can be realized through evaluation of capability and capacity of the natural environment to attract tourists. The unique geography and diversity of natural phenomena caused Iran to be recognized as the fifth most crucial natural diversity globally, but planning for using these conditions is still not provided. In addition, the country's eco-tourism is faced with social, economic, and environmental problems, and for planning in the field of overcoming this challenge, we first need to recognize these challenges.
Influence of personal value orientations on the successful professional development undergraduates of a Pedagogical University
Authors: Chekaleva N. V. , Shirobokov S. N. , Lorents V. V.
Published: October 2021

The article examines the features of the implementation of the value orientations of the individual when receiving pedagogical education in modern conditions, studies the influence of stable value orientations on the successful professional development of a master’s student at a pedagogical university. The results of the study of personal value orientations are presented by the authors on the basis of diagnostics of the real structure of personal value orientations according to the method of S.S. Bubnova. Level determination of value orientations development of Omsk State Pedagogical University undergraduates made it possible to identify the motivational field of students, the level of development of self-organization, the direction of building long-term professional goals, the development of reflexive skills and time management skills. The article also formulates the directions for improving the training of pedagogical personnel, taking into account the value orientations of undergraduates.
Agroecological risks of the digital economy
Authors: Chernyakov Michael , Usacheva Olesya , Chernyakova Maria , Akberov Kamal , Shuraev Ivan
Published: October 2021

The article is dedicated to the study of risks and building a digital profile, both at the level of economic entities and at the regional level. The factors that determine eight types of risks inherent in agricultural organizations in the context of digital transformation are analyzed. A hypothesis is put forward that the digital profile makes it possible to assess the readiness of companies for further digitalization and to highlight areas of increased risk that require attention from the state. Our calculations can be used in the future to assess the sustainability of agricultural organizations, both in Russia and abroad.
Data centers environmental impact assessment features
Authors: Semenov Andrey , Oganesyan Ekaterina
Published: October 2021

Data centers became significant sources of environmental impact: each year global data centers consume TWh of electricity, generate comparable thermal emissions to the atmosphere and/or hydrosphere, create wastes of electronic equipment and life-expired batteries, and create other types of direct and indirect ecological footprint. In conformity with the sustainable development concept data centers environmental impact of all types should be numerically assessed to compare to the environmental capacity and move towards sustainability. It requires ecological footprint (carbon footprint in particular) to be assessed. Existing xUE Effectiveness Metrics used for data centers are all relative, so data centers’ environmental impact cannot be calculated directly from it. Methods of payment calculation for negative environmental impact, used in Russia, do not take into account data center features and can hardly be used for the assessment tasks. Data centers need to adapt existing and develop new assessment methods for its environmental impact, considering all the resources consumed and all the emissions generated.
Conflict potential of risk reflexivity: information management under the conditions of pandemic
Authors: Aleinikov Andrei , Maltseva Daria , Miletskiy Vladimir , Safonova Olga , Strebkov Aleksandr
Published: October 2021

The article problematizes a range of issues related to the emergence of new mechanisms of risk-reflective legitimization / delegitimization of information control over the spread of a pandemic in the context of Covid-19, taking into account the antagonistic definitions of its threats and dangers. The main substantive task of the study is to analyze the conceptual model of classification of various types of risk reflections - communicative, autonomous, critical, and disturbed, which adjust the hierarchies of the significance and social acceptability of risks. The authors focus on the features of the behavior of a modern social subject in the conditions of uncoupling of risky communications depending on the interpretation of information about risks. The conflict potential of information flows that impose forms of risk perception and risk behavior, the mechanisms of formation of information inequality of reflection of risks and social information exclusion in the policy of distribution and compensation of risk are revealed. The article argues that the inability to appropriate the constructive elements of risk reflections in the strategy of information management of threats destroys the security. The article proves that in the information field, the risk subspace is an asymmetric structure of production, reproduction, ranking and distribution of threats and risks, functioning simultaneously as a tool and a goal of struggle. The authors argue that incorrect attributive judgments and interpretations of the threats and dangers of the pandemic can escalate social and political conflicts.
Relationship between the energy and the environment at the current stage of energy market development
Authors: Antokhina Yulia Anatolyevna , Peshkova Galina Yuryevna , Bondar Elena Grigoryevna
Published: October 2021

The authors analyzed the current situation related to the global consumption of fossil fuels, as well as environmental problems caused by their extraction, production and consumption. The official statistical data were used, reflecting the volumes of export of fossil raw materials from the Russian Federation, the directions of raw materials flows, characterizing the demand for oil, gas, peat coal in international trade. The authors note that negative factors caused by currency fluctuations, pandemic and other factors did not lead to global changes in the fossil fuel market. The article presents the provisions of international documents adopted in order to prevent climate warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, attention is focused on distribution of responsibility between the developed and developing countries of the world. The authors analyzed the measures implemented in the territory of the Russian Federation, and identified positive trends to reduce emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere. Wherein, the article reflects the environmental risks associated with use of alternative energy sources and nuclear facilities, the assessment of which must be carried out during commissioning the corresponding facilities.
Assessment of risks and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technologies
Authors: Shevchenko Elena , Efremova Angelika , Titarenko Dmitriy , Voloshin Aleksey , Artyukhova Inga
Published: October 2021

The paper analyses the risks and threats caused by the development and implementation of artificial intelligence technologies. We believe that these risks and threats need research in the long term. Importantly, the use of intelligent information systems has a twofold effect: it can lead to both positive and negative results. The paper also considers the influence of artificial intelligence technologies on the various activities. It proposes a classification of risks and threats caused by the development and implementation of artificial intelligence technologies by the main spheres of human activity.
Institutional support of promising sectors of the Chechen Republic’s economy
Authors: Tasueva Tamila , Borisova Vera
Published: October 2021

In the context of the digital transformation of the region’s economy, the focus of attention of scientists and practitioners in terms of institutional changes is on rationalizing the economic relations of business entities. Institutions form the organizational-economic and regulatory-legal backbone of support for promising sectors of the economy, uniting not only social institutions, but also the structures that implement them. If laws can be changed quickly enough, informal regulations change gradually. Wherein, it is informal institutions that create the basis for evolutionary changes in legislative and regulatory rules. Nowadays, the set of regulations and means that are designed to provide institutional support to economic entities in the region is supplemented by the theme of sustainable development and the principles of environmental, resource-saving, social and corporate cooperation (ESG, Environmental, Social, Governance). From the point of view of these principles implementation, it is assumed to create and implement the modern sustainable ecologically-oriented ecosystem objects [1]. In our study, we proceed from the fact that the basis of the digitalization of the regional economy and its sustainable development is the institutional support of the economic system. It is the institutions that are provided with the most important role in ensuring the digital transformation of the basic sectors of the region’s economy. In its turn, the digital transformation of economic sectors depends on the market potential of the infrastructure, development of financial, legal and other aspects that implement the integration relations of economic entities. Taken together, these terms determine the competitiveness of the region’s economy. There is an objective need for development of theoretical and methodological provisions for formation of institutional support for the region’s economy in new post-COVID normality. Special attention of the authors was focused on the study of the institutional support of the digital sector of the economy of the Chechen Republic, which is a driving force and a tool for solving a whole range of economic, social, environmental and cultural problems that are urgent in the region. This circumstance determines the relevance of this study, the significance of the tasks set and the recommendations provided.
Sentiment analysis as a tool for assessing the negative impact of tourism on a destination
Authors: Vetitnev Aleksandr , Chigarev Dmitriy , Enushevskaya Vladlena
Published: October 2021

This article presents the deliverables of the analysis of the experiences of the visitors to the Sochi resort, which is one of the criteria for assessment of the risk of problems caused by excessive tourism pressure. The authors highlight the influence of perception and experiences of the visitors and their informal web communication on the creation of the area’s image. The visitors’ reviews of the resort on TripAdvisor were studied using sentiment analysis. The article outlines the essence of the sentiment analysis method, the reasons for its choice to study the visitors’ attitude towards the Sochi resort, and the relevance of determining the experiences of its visitors. The authors describe the process of studying 33,475 city visitors reviews in 2011-2021 of 58 Sochi tourist attractions and makes conclusions about the visitors’ attitude towards the city, the assessment of its attractions, areas, the level of satisfaction of the tourists from various regions with their vacation. The authors underline predominance of positive reviews and confirms broader possibilities of the sentiment analysis method in comparison with traditional methods of studying public opinion and the possibility of obtaining an objective view of the area image with this method.
Do circular economy and green investments create value at the regional level? Evidence from Russian regions
Authors: Popova Ekaterina , Strikh Nikolay
Published: October 2021

Green investments and principles of circular development have become one of the prominent dimensions of regional development policies. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of green investments on circular economy indicators and contribution of these indicators to economic growth at the regional level. The study examines two key indicators of the circular economy: the share of captured and neutralized emissions into the atmosphere and the share of recycled water in the regional manufacturing systems. To test the proposed hypotheses, methods of regression analysis are used. Gross regional product is used as a predictor of value creation. The empirical base is Rosstat data for the period from 2015 to 2019. The results show that the circular economy indicators do not have a visible impact on economic growth at the regional level, but green investments increase the volume of resources used in circular manufacturing systems. It is probable that in Russian industrial economy, implementation of the circular economy principles is associated only with an increase in costs, which do not provide linear returns at the macroeconomic level.
Cluster analysis of variability of key parameters of the economic environment in the framework of diffusion of blockchain technologies
Authors: Safiullin Marat , Elshin Leonid , Abdukaeva Aliya
Published: October 2021

Prospects for the development of the national economy in the context of integration of blockchain technologies into the system of economic processes indicate the need to develop methods and algorithms for a formalized assessment of their impact on the key parameters of socio-economic dynamics. Meanwhile, if in the scientific and expert space, although it is extremely rare, but still one can find works devoted to certain aspects of this scientific and methodological problem, then, unfortunately, it should be stated that the study of the impact of the technologies under study on certain sectors of the economy does not occur in information-analytical and scientific spaces at all. Unfortunately, the methods of empirical study of the influence of blockchain technologies on the parameters of economic development at the current time not only have not found their consolidated solution, but are completely characterized by fragmentation and patchiness. This study is an attempt to strengthen the positions of formalized approaches to the study of the scientific and practical problem. The paper proposes an algorithm for studying the dynamics of the gross value added of the sectors of the Russian economy through the prism of a possible transformation of the key parameters of the functioning of the financial and real sectors of the economy as a result of the diffusion of blockchain technologies. Relying on the hypotheses put forward, cointegration models were built for the studied types of economic activity, which make it possible to identify the contribution of exogenous factors, corrected under the pressure of penetration of distributed data storage technologies into the economic environment, on the degree of added value growth. This, in turn, made it possible to carry out a cluster analysis of the studied sectors of the economy in terms of their level of sensitivity to institutional transformations caused by the integration of blockchain technologies into the economic environment.
Smart city technologies in the context of ensuring environmental safety and political stability
Authors: Grishin Oleg Evgenyevich , Nesterchuk Olga Alekseevna , Popov Sergey Ivanovich , Tolochko Alexander Vladimirovich , Levashova Olga Viktorovna
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the problems of formation and implementation of technologies of “smart cities” through the prism of ensuring environmental safety and maintaining the political stability of a large city. It has been established that there are various aspects of the development of smart cities. An increased interest on the part of scientists, engineers, ecologists, politicians, government and international structures and institutions in the technologies of “smart cities” is noted. The focus of the study is on the fact that the range of real problems of a modern city includes the solution of problems of safety, ecology, harmonious formation of infrastructure, logistics and other aspects of its effective development. The effect of use of such technologies in the environmental sphere is considered in the context of maintaining political stability. The problem of radiophobia in Moscow is illustrated. The costs of the media functioning when covering environmental issues are indicated. The role of information and communication technologies as a toolkit contributing to development of smart cities is outlined. An example of Moscow metropolis radiation-ecological monitoring system is given. It is offered to replicate technologies of an integrated automated system for environmental monitoring of urban space. The authors complement the existing approaches to the study of smart city technologies in key aspects of ensuring environmental safety and maintaining political stability.
Concepts and principles of the sustainable digital technologies use: process science and activity theory view
Authors: Geyda Alexander S. , Fedorchenko Lyudmila N. , Lysenko Igor V. , Svistunova Aleksandra S. , Khasanov Dmitry S.
Published: October 2021

Using information technologies and implemented with their help information operations to implement sustainable development systems in the economy and society is considered. Based on the previously performed systematic literature review, the conclusions made about future research directions on using information technologies for sustainable development. A set of corresponding theoretical tools is proposed. This set should allow solving the problem based on mathematical models and methods. The concepts and principles of using information operations to study sustainably developed systems are proposed to solve the specified problem.
Environmental aspects of designing urban infrastructure for smart cities
Authors: Dubrovsky Alexey , Ilinykh Anastasia , Yurina Galina , Mezhueva Tatyana
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the need to develop elements of smart rational design of urban space with recreational areas and focus on creating an environmentally friendly environment. The authors proposed a sequence of measures to control the recreational provision of the territory of the settlement. The authors highlight the factors influencing the development of underground urban space and the principles of the formation of an ecocity as promising directions for organizing urban space. The article presents the principles of rational organization of urban space.
Analytical evaluation and systematization of technologies for extraction of rare metals from production waste
Authors: Shubov L. Ya. , Doronkina I. G. , Borisova O. N. , Tyger L. M. , Lyubetskaya T. R.
Published: October 2021

The article is a message containing systematized information on resource-saving technologies as the basic for involving metal-containing secondary raw materials in the economic turnover. The set of independent technologies arranged in a certain sequence that solve the problems of resource saving allows us to compare the specific features and effectiveness of the use of each of them, the details and features of the processes. It is shown that the following can be the main sources of rare metals and REE: phosphogypsum (REE, Sr); ash and slag waste from TPPs, ash and slag waste (REE, Ti, Sc); metallurgical slags (Ge, Be, Se, Te, V); sulfuric acid dust (Se, Te); alumina production waste - red mud (Sc, REE); liquid waste from sulphate production of titanium dioxide (Sc, Ti); refinery dust bins (Se, Te); wastes from production of permanent magnets (Nd, Sm). It is noted that the technology uses beneficiation methods, acid leaching and ion-exchange concentration, biotechnology, electrolysis, heat treatment, a combination of different methods. To assess the quality of man-made raw materials and their suitability for complex processing and utilization, the article uses the methodology of analytical research of a set of patented technological solutions (technological samples were taken from real man-made deposits).
A new family of Dai-Liao conjugate gradient methods with modified secant equation for unconstrained optimization
Authors: Zheng Yutao
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a new family of Dai-Liao–type conjugate gradient methods are proposed for unconstrained optimization problem. In the new methods, the modified secant equation used in [H. Yabe and M. Takano, Comput. Optim. Appl. 28 (2004) 203–225] is considered in Dai and Liao’s conjugacy condition. Under some certain assumptions, we show that our methods are globally convergent for general functions with strong Wolfe line search. Numerical results illustrate that our proposed methods can outperform some existing ones.
Noziplastischer Schmerz – Neue Erkenntnisse aus der klinischen Forschung
Authors: Runge Nils , Löscher Sebastian
Published: October 2021

Lange unterschied man Schmerzen in nozizeptiv und neuropathisch. Als klar war, dass sich viele Schmerzmechanismen nicht rein gewebspathologisch betrachten lassen, beschrieb eine Forschungsgruppe eine dritte Kategorie, den noziplastischen Schmerz. Zudem veröffentlichte sie einen Leitfaden, um die Wahrscheinlichkeit noziplastischer Mechanismen zu beurteilen.
Erschöpft – Physiotherapie bei tumorassoziierter Fatigue
Authors: Gebauer Jacqueline
Published: October 2021

Tumorassoziierte Fatigue gehört zu den häufigsten Symptomen bei Menschen mit Krebs. Ihr Einfluss auf den Krankheitsverlauf ist enorm und ihre Erscheinung ist oft belastender als Schmerzen und Übelkeit. Die Gefahr: Tumorassoziierte Fatigue kann als dosislimitierende Nebenwirkung den Therapieerfolg gefährden. Deshalb ist es umso wichtiger, zu ermitteln, wie schwer sie ist.
Critical Assessment of In Vitro Screening of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Plants with Acarbose as a Reference Standard
Authors: Miller Neil , Joubert Elizabeth
Published: October 2021

Postprandial hyperglycemia is treated with the oral antidiabetic drug acarbose, an intestinal α-glucosidase inhibitor. Side effects of acarbose motivated a growing number of screening studies to identify novel α-glucosidase inhibitors derived from plant extracts and other natural sources. As “gold standard”, acarbose is frequently included as the reference standard to assess the potency of these candidate α-glucosidase inhibitors, with many outperforming acarbose by several orders of magnitude. The results are subsequently used to identify suitable compounds/products with strong potential for in vivo efficacy. However, most α-glucosidase inhibitor screening studies use enzyme preparations obtained from nonmammalian sources (typically Saccharomyces cerevisiae), despite strong evidence that inhibition data obtained using nonmammalian α-glucosidase may hold limited value in terms of identifying α-glucosidase inhibitors with actual in vivo hypoglycemic potential. The aim was to critically discuss the screening of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors from plant sources, emphasizing inconsistencies and pitfalls, specifically where acarbose was included as the reference standard. An assessment of the available literature emphasized the cruciality of stating the biological source of α-glucosidase in such screening studies to allow for unambiguous and rational interpretation of the data. The review also highlights the lack of a universally adopted screening assay for novel α-glucosidase inhibitors and the commercial availability of a standardized preparation of mammalian α-glucosidase.
Der Stellenwert der Anatomie in der Weiterbildung des Gefäßchirurgen
Authors: Püschel Anja , Oerter Rolf , Misera Nicole , Heinrich Daniela , Bollensdorf Antonia , Hiepe Laura , Burmeister Jenny , Ludwig Tobias , Hinz Sebastian , Schafmayer Clemens , Kipp Markus , Gross Justus
Published: October 2021

Die Gefäßchirurgie hat sich insbesondere mit dem Einzug endovaskulärer Techniken in den
vergangenen Jahren sehr dynamisch entwickelt. Dadurch hat sich jedoch auch das fachliche
Anforderungsprofil verändert. Klassische operative Eingriffe wurden durch endovaskuläre
Verfahren zunehmend verdrängt, neue Hybrideingriffe sind entstanden und komplexe Eingriffe
konzentrieren sich häufig auf wenige Zentren.

Dies bringt Probleme in der Ausbildung insbesondere in offenen Operationen angehender
Gefäßchirurgen mit sich, sodass operative Zugangs- und Rekonstruktionsspektren der
Gefäßchirurgie nur wenigen Ärzten in Weiterbildung am Patienten in Gänze vermittelt werden
können.

Kadaverstudien ermöglichen die Simulation von Zugangswegen, anatomischen Lagebeziehungen
und einzelner OP-Schritte ohne Patientengefährdung.

Im Rahmen des Trainings hochkomplexer gefäßchirurgischer Operationen haben wir am Beispiel
des thorakoabdominellen Aortenersatzes mit 13 Teilnehmern an 6 ethanolfixierten Körperspenden
verschiedene Möglichkeiten der operativen Versorgung so realitätsnah wie möglich durchgeführt
und bewertet.

Aber auch aufgrund der klinischen Bedeutung und Komplexität interventioneller- und
hybrider Operationen ist die Notwendigkeit fundierter anatomischer Kenntnisse gegeben. Sowohl
Katheter- und Punktionstechniken als auch notfallmäßige Zugangswege bei chirurgischer
Konversion können geübt werden. Eine Simulation an der Körperspende kann die realen
Erfahrungen nicht ersetzen. Aber durch eine möglichst realitätsnahe OP-Simulation verbessern
sich nicht nur das Gefühl der Sicherheit und das flüssige Arbeiten, sondern auch die
Zufriedenheit der Ausbildungsassistenten. Darüber hinaus können operationstechnische Kurse in
interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit mit der Anatomie früh im Studium eingesetzt auch der Akquise
von dringend benötigtem chirurgischem Nachwuchs dienen.