bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Zingerone Using NiCl2•6H2O-NaBH4 as a Selective Hydrogenation Reaction Agent
Authors: Murdiah  , Pranowo Deni , Raharjo Tri Joko
Published: March 2019

Synthesis of zingerone (4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone) has been done. The first step was to synthesize the compound (4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-on) through a cross aldol condensation reaction between vanilin:acetone mol ratio of 1:5:5, for 5 hours in high yields (97%). The second step was the selective hydrogenation of (4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-on) with NiCl2•6H2O-NaBH4 catalyst in mild condition. Based on the FT-IR, 13C-NMR and 1H-NMR and GC-MS analyses, the synthesis of zingerone has been successfully synthesized by selective hydrogenation reaction with 80% yield.
Study of Glucose Binding Protein Encapsulated Gold Nanoclusters by Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Authors: Panjaitan Boy Marsaputra , Kubiak-Ossowska Karina , Birch David , Chen Yu
Published: March 2019

Protein encapsulated gold nanoclusters has attracted great attention for their excellent fluorescent properties and potential biomedical applications. Glucose Binding Protein (GBP) has a high sensitivity and selectivity to glucose binding that makes them ideal for biosensor development. It is anticipated that GBP encapsulated gold nanoclusters could be a promising glucose sensor. Here we investigated the growth of gold nanoclusters in GBP using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. To facilitation the nucleation of gold nanoclusters at specific sites, cysteine mutations were introduced in GBP. It is found that the nucleation site of gold nanoclusters inside mutant GBP are different from those in native GBP. Gold nanoclusters were formed near the mutated cysteine and tyrosine residues. Glucose remained in the binding site of a mutant GBP with gold nanoclusters although no conformational change was observed in MD simulation, similar to a native GBP. This work suggests the possibility of growing gold nanoclusters in the designed site within GBP and a new glucose sensor based on mutated GBP protected gold nanoclusters.
The Influence of Physico-Chemical Properties on Heavy Metals Content on the Illegal Land Fill Kadisoka, Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Fitri Rizqi Amaliyah , Adhitasari Suratman , Suherman
Published: March 2019

The Influence of Physico-chemical properties on heavy metals contenton the Illegal Land Fill at Kadisoka, Sleman, Yogyakarta has been carried out. The aims of this research are to evaluatethe metal concentrationin the soil, analyze the physicochemical properties including water and ash contents, pH, electrical conductivity, total organic carbon, cation exchange capacity; and to find out the maximum heavy metals contentthe soil samples.Soil samples were divided into three samples based on places where they were taken in the landfill area, namely sample I, II and III. Heavy Metals content in the solution were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).The results showed the highest heavy metal content in soil was Zn. Sample II had the highest Zn value at 1,199 mg kg-1, whereas sample I had the lowest total Zn content of 708.54 mg kg-1.
Characterization of Hydrothermal Liquid Product of Red Meranti (Shorea leprosula Miq.) Sawdust for Wood Preservative
Authors: Mappapa Indah Astieningsih , Salim Reinaldo , Yuliansyah Ahmad Tawfiequrrahman , Budiman Arief
Published: March 2019

In this research, Red Merantisawdust and water were mixed in a hydrothermal reactor equipped with a thermometer and pressure indicator. Experiments were conducted at the variation of the temperature of 200, 240 and 300°C; water to biomass ratio 1:10. The mixture was heated to the target temperature at an initial pressure of 1.0 MPaand then held for 30 minutes. After separated, the liquid product was applied for Sengon wood preservatives. Hence, the Sengon wood was tested for absorption, retention, weigh loss, and termite mortality. Based on experimental results, the liquid product at a temperature of 270°Cgenerated the highest absorption, retention, and termite mortality, that was 98.3291 kg/m3, 10.8479 kg/m3and 72.67% respectively. Analysis of the liquid product by GC-MS indicated that phenol compounds and organic acids are able to control microbial growth and preserve wood.
Rapid Synthesis of MCM-41 from Rice Husk Using Ultrasonic Wave: Optimation of Sonication Time
Authors: Suyanta Suyanta , Kunarti Eko Sri , Rusdiarso Bambang , Anies Cahaya Dritta , Radnawati Efa , Kusuma Mika
Published: March 2019

Ultrasound waves with 48 KHz of frequency were applied for the synthesis of MCM-41 using rice husk as the silica source. The effect of sonication time (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 min) on the crystallinity of calcined MCM-41 was investigated. Characterization using XRD and FTIR indicated that the ordered structure of MCM-41 could be synthesized by ultrasonic wave. Sonication time at 150 min was found to be the optimum condition. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms informed that the mesoporous material produced at the optimum condition has 794.73 m2·g-1of surface area, 3.02 nm of BJH pore diameter, 1.17 nm of wall thickness, and 0.68 ml·g-1 of pore volume. While based on the TEM image, the material has hexagonal or a honey-comb structure.
Degradation of Mechanically Surface Treated AZ31B Magnesium Alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl Solution
Authors: Arifvianto Budi , Suyitno  , Mahardika Muslim
Published: March 2019

Surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) has so far been used as a technique for improving mechanical and tribological properties of magnesium and its alloys. However, the effects of the SMAT on corrosion and degradability of these materials are still rarely reported in open literature. In this research, the degradation behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy after receiving the SMAT was characterized. The degradation behavior of the Mg alloy was determined from the weight losses after an immersion test for 24 h in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. During the test, the pH of the solution was also monitored. The results obviously showed higher corrosion rates of the Mg alloy that had been treated by using the SMAT. Interestingly, the degradation rate of the Mg alloy decreased once a longer duration of SMAT was applied. Meanwhile, the pH of NaCl solution increased up to 12 and 13.9 once the non-treated and the SMAT specimens were immersed into the solution, respectively. In addition, the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis confirmed the presence of corrosion products in all the Mg samples that were similar to those revealed in the literature.
Influence of Calcium/Silica Ratio on the Formation Belite Cement Clinker from Geothermal Sludges
Authors: Clarizka Cynthia , Prasetya Agus , Perdana Indra
Published: March 2019

Cement industry is seeking alternative raw material and process to reduce the energy consumption and environmental impacts from conventional cement manufacture. This paper describes process of belite cements synthesis. Geothermal sludges, an undesired waste from Dieng Geothermal Power Plant as amorphous silica source and calcium hydroxide were used to form belite cement at elevated temperatures. Experimental results showed that principal phase of belite cement (larnite or β-Ca2SiO4) was formed at temperature as low as 800 °C. Thus, the geothermal silica is shown to be very promising starting material for the low-temperature production of belite cement.
The Characterization of Semiconductor Crystal Sn(Se0.8Te0.2­) Prepared by Bridgman Technique for Solar Cell
Authors: Dewi Anggraeni Kumala , Ariswan
Published: March 2019

These study aims determine the characterization of structure and chemical composition of crystal Sn(Se0.8Te0.2). The growth of crystal Sn(Se0.8Te0.2) is obtained by preparation outcome through Bridgman Technique. Hence, characterized by using the XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) for to determine the crystal structure, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) to determine the surface morphology, and EDAX (Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray) to determine the chemical composition. The four samples are characterized results indicate that crystal Sn(Se0.8Te0.2) has orthorhombic structure with the results of the samples I and III have the highest intensity. SEM characterization result for sample I and III indicate that the formation of crystal Sn(Se0.8Te0.2) is characterized by the presence of grains. Based on the results of EDAX, it is known that the crystal Sn(Se0.8Te0.2) contains elements of Sn, Se, and Te with a percentage of the chemical composition of the sample I is Sn = 39.85%, Se = 36.09%, and Te = 2.57 %. Comparison the molarity of the sample I is Sn: Se: Te is 1: 0.90: 0.10.
Slow Release NPK Fertilizer Preparation from Natural Resources
Authors: Hanifah Windia , Purnomo Chandra Wahyu , Purwono Suryo
Published: March 2019

Preparation of Natural multi-nutrient Slow Release Fertilizer (NSRF) aims to reduce the environmental burden from some waste and increase the efficiency of fertilizer in releasing nutrient content. In this study,slow-release fertilizer was prepared from all natural components from waste which aredried chicken manure (N source), struvite (P source), and palm empty fruit bunch ash (K source). The equal weight of the three main nutrient sources was used with the addition of starch powder as the binder by 10%, 15% and 20% of the total nutrient mixture. The mixture of all nutrient with binder was granulated using pan granulator. Dried NSRF granule was tested using sand bed release method to observe the release profile of the contained nutrient. Based on the results of a 30-day leaching study, it was found that increasing concentration of binder will reduce the release of the nutrient from NSRF granules.
Chemical Synthesis of Monosaccharide Lauric Acid Esters as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents
Authors: Mutmainah  , Jumina  , Purwono Bambang
Published: March 2019

Synthesis of glucose laurate (GLC12), fructose laurate (FRU12), and galactose laurate (GAL12) as antibacterial and antifungal agents has been carried out. The synthesis of GLC12, FRU12, and GAL12was conducted by reacting lauroyl chloride with glucose, fructose, and galactose in the presence of pyridine in 36.1; 77.8; and 72,2% yields respectively for GLC12, FRU12 and GAL12.Antibacterial and antifungal activity test was done using well diffusion method towards Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella thypimurium and Escherechia coli), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillussubtilis), Candida albicans fungus, DMSO as a negative control, and 4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol 1% as a positive control. The best antibacterial activity was shown by FRU12at 12.5% of concentration against S.aureusand B.subtilis bacteria.
Rapid Diagnostic Test of Red Sea Bream Iridoviral Disease (RSIVD) in Grouper Epinephelus Sp. Based on Serological Co-Agglutination and Molecular Study
Authors: Sulistiyono Dwi , Amanu Surya , Imanudin Kurniasih , Kristianingrum Yuli Purwandari
Published: March 2019

Red sea bream iridoviral disease (RSIVD) infection is known as a contagious disease in the marine aquaculture commodities mainly on grouper (Epinephelussp.)which causes a high mortality rate. Symptoms of disease were weak, darker skin and swollen spleen of fish. The aim of this study was to create and apply a rapid diagnostic test supported by molecular analysis. Field trials on a mass mortality outbreaks were identified in the city of Tanjungpinang, Indonesia. Serum anti RSIV was obtained by immunizing of the vaccine RSIV intraperitoneally on rabbits with graded doses per week was 0.5, 1, 2 and3mL, to boost antibody titers. In the fifth week, serum was harvested via the auricular vein; serum was purified to obtain immunoglobulin G(IgG)then was coupling with protein A ofStaphylococcus aureus at the same volume(kit co-agglutination RSIVD). Field samples of spleen were taken from the normal fish and suspected fish then crushed and suspended with PBS pH 7.2, and centrifuged at 8.000 rpm for 15 min. Fifty microliters of RSIVDco-agglutination kit and 50 µL of spleen supernatant were reacted on the sterile glass object. The results showed sandy agglutination after 10 min for positively infected spleen, and no agglutination in the samples of healthy fish (negative) as well as in control with PBS (negative). Confirmation testing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primer forward 1-F (5’-CTC-AAA-CAC-TCT-GGC-TCA-TC-3’) and reverse 1-R (5’-GCA-CCA-ACA-CAT-CTC-CTA-TC-3’) had a band of 570 bp. Sequencing results showed the similarity of 99% identity with RSIV. Testing with RSIVD co-agglutination kit showed the advantages such as cheap, fast and an accurate in diagnosing the red bream iridoviral disease (RSIVD).
Structural Research of Nanoparticles Dispersions
Authors: Damdinov Bair , Dembelova Tuyana , Badmaev Badma , Barnakov Yuri
Published: March 2019

In this paper we report on investigation of the viscoelastic and rheological properties of early synthesized and characterized nanosuspensions by acoustical method, allowing to obtain the characteristic curves of shear elastic moduli and to assess the degree of "hardening" and structuring of the suspension. The paper is rising the question of fundamental problem - the structuring the nanosuspension, that might shed a light on the possibility of "engineering" the structure of a liquid by controlling and regulating the degree and nature of intermolecular interaction.
Femtosecond Pump Probe Spectroscopy Implementation for Semiconductors
Authors: Khos-Ochir Tsogvoo , Munkhbaatar Purevdorj , Baatarchuluun Tsermaa , Tuvjargal Norovsambuu , Ulziibayar Baterdene , Erdene-Ochir Ganbold , Munkhbayar Gombosuren , Otgonbaatar Myagmar , Tegus Ojiyed , Davaasambuu Jav
Published: March 2019

Two different pump-probe (PP) setups were developed successfully with different femtosecond pulse lasers. Using a PP setup with an ultra-short pulse laser, the excitation of coherent phonons in GaAs was measured for a calibration and an accuracy test of the developed setup. The frequencies of the coherent phonon modes were in good agreement with reported values [1, 2]. The setups for ZnSe and GaAs were transmission and reflection–type, respectively. When using the ultra-short pulse laser, the signal in the PP experiment was measured by a balanced photo diode.In the other PP experimental setup, built to measure the transient transmittance of bulk ZnSe, the light source and detector differed from the previous PP setup. A strong pulse laser was successfully used for the spectrally resolved pump probe experimental setup. A broadband, high-resolution spectrometer (HR4000CG-UV-NIR) was used as the detector.
Characterization of Silver Loaded Activated Carbon Prepared under Supercritical Water Condition
Authors: Byamba-Ochir Narandalai , Buyankhishig Battseveen , Byambasuren Nyamsuren , Surenjav Enkhtuul
Published: March 2019

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles loaded on the activated carbon (AC) surface were performed under SCW condition at 673 K and 31.15 MPa in a batch reactor. In supercritical region, fine particles are rapidly synthesized due to reaction rate increase at low dielectric constant of supercritical water. Samples were prepared with different concentrations of silver acetate solution and various reaction times. The synthesized silver loaded on AC particles were characterized by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FTIR spectrum of primary activated carbon, activated carbon treated under supercritical water condition and synthesized AC-Ag was compared. The particles size and crystallite size of silver deposited on AC surface were analyzed by TEM and XRD, respectively.
The redesign of amoxicillin capsules as a tablet dosage form using direct compression
Authors: Elgahmi Salem , Alrishei Nawal , Algaraboly Rabeaa , Altrablesy Aisha , El-Mahdi Idris
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Solid dosage forms are the most commonly used dosage form for drug delivery, and tablets are more popular than capsules because of its lower production cost, minimal potential of content tampering, and the large number of designs of tablets for various applications. Aims: The aim of this work is to redesign amoxicillin hard gelatin capsules (HGCs), commonly filled into HGCs, into tablet dosage form by employing preformulation principles. Materials and Methods: Amoxicillin capsules were obtained from the local market for this purpose. Experiments included studies on flowability and effect of compression force, followed by addition of excipients, production of tablets by direct compression, and evaluation employing standard methods of friability, hardness, disintegration, dissolution, and simulation of release kinetics. Results: The flowability of powder was estimated using Carr's index, Hausner ratio, angle of repose, and bulk density. The flowability was found poor for amoxicillin alone or with starch but improved with talc. Compression force was found to be a significant factor on friability, hardness, and disintegration. The disintegration time was rapid in case of tablets containing starch compared to amoxicillin powder compressed alone. It was essential to include small amounts of disintegrant and a lubricant to optimize tablet properties. Dissolution rates for the prepared tablets were found to be acceptable, while some formulations showed a slow release profiles corresponding to their slow disintegration. Release kinetics was found to follow both the zero-order and matrix models. Conclusion: Amoxicillin capsules can be modified to a tablet dosage form with simple handling of preformulation properties.
Rings whose Elements are the Sum of a Tripotent and an Element from the Jacobson Radical
Authors: Koşan M. Tamer , Yildirim Tülay , Zhou Y.
Published: March 2019

This paper is about rings $R$ for which every element is a sum of a tripotent and an element from the Jacobson radical $J(R)$. These rings are called semi-tripotent rings. Examples include Boolean rings, strongly nil-clean rings, strongly 2-nil-clean rings, and semi-boolean rings. Here, many characterizations of semi-tripotent rings are obtained. Necessary and sufficient conditions for a Morita context (respectively, for a group ring of an abelian group or a locally finite nilpotent group) to be semi-tripotent are proved.
El aprendizaje servicio, una estrategia para impulsar la participación y mejorar la convivencia escolar
Authors: Ochoa Cervantes Azucena , Pérez Galván Luis
Published: March 2019

Para impulsar un proyecto de Aprendizaje Servicio (APS) es condición necesaria promover la participación de los miembros de la comunidad, lo cual supone un reto debido a las prácticas pedagógicas que imperan en las escuelas. Partiendo de ello, se pusieron en marcha proyectos de APS con 117 estudiantes en tres escuelas secundarias públicas en Querétaro, México, con el objetivo analizar el impacto de esta metodología en la mejora de convivencia escolar. Los proyectos se desarrollaron durante seis meses, y se usaron un cuestionario de participación y una escala de convivencia para recolectar información. En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de esta experiencia de intervención, los cuales muestran una mejora del clima escolar, la modificación de algunas prácticas pedagógicas, así como el posicionamiento del alumnado como protagonista del proceso de implementación del proyecto. Se puede afirmar que la mejora de la convivencia no se da a partir de la implementación de leyes y reglamentos ni de la inclusión de asignaturas al respecto del tema, sino que es necesario impulsar metodologías que transformen las prácticas escolares y las políticas de gestión.
Technical Note: Low Cost Mesocosms Design for Studies of Tropical Marine Environments
Authors: Raygosa-Barahona Ruben R. , Putzeys Sebastien , Herrera Jorge , Pech Daniel
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Mesocosms are an alternative to in situ ocean environmental studies which are very difficult to implement due to the challenges that the aquatic environment impose. The design of a mesocosm should consider as many variables as possible of the ecosystem to be studied, in order to obtain results that are similar to those that would be obtained in the environment. The effects of tropical climatic conditions on a mesocosm enclosure were studied in order to evaluate their possible influence on the biological community. The mesocosm was equipped with an electric marine thruster as a means of avoiding stratification in the water contained in it. Also, the system is submerged in water to increase the thermal inertia and maintain the temperature variations within reasonable ranges. The design does not include auxiliary forcing cooling systems. The results revealed the influence of climatology on the mesocosms’ temperature and showed the feasibility of the proposed design in tropical environments. With high variations of ambient temperature (> 20 ºC, during the day), the variations in the mesocosm temperature were only 3 ºC. The range of temperature variations were similar to those that occur in certain tropical environments.
From Portuguese to Iberian Milton? A Selection of Facts and Questions
Authors: da Silva Jorge Bastos
Published: March 2019

This article highlights important aspects of the reception of Milton's work in Portugal between the year 1789, when the first translation of Paradise Lost was published, and c. 1850, when the Portuguese “liberal” regime achieved consolidation. Close textual analysis of translations of Paradise Lost as well as of Areopagitica is complemented by an examination of the social and ideological context. Finally, the article draws a parallel with the situation in Spain in the same period and suggests a comparative study of the reception of Milton in the two countries by raising various research questions.
Determining underlying presence in the learning of grammars that allow insertion and deletion
Authors: Nyman Alexandra , Tesar Bruce
Published: March 2019

The simultaneous learning of a phonological map from inputs to outputs and a lexicon of phonological underlying forms has been a focus of several research efforts (Jarosz 2006; Apoussidou 2007; Merchant 2008; Merchant & Tesar 2008; Tesar 2014). One of the numerous challenges is that of computational efficiency, which led to the investigation of learning with output-driven maps (Tesar 2014). Prior work on learning with output-driven maps has focused on systems in which the only disparities between inputs and outputs were segmental identity disparities (differences in the value of a feature). Inclusion of segmental insertion and deletion disparities exacerbates computational concerns, as it increases the number of possible correspondence relations between an input and an output, and makes the space of possible inputs for a word infinite due to the possible presence of an unbounded number of deleted segments. We propose an extension of that earlier work to handle phonologies that permit insertion and deletion, and evaluate the proposal by applying it to cases in Basic CV Syllable Theory (Jakobson 1962; Clements & Keyser 1983; Prince & Smolensky 2004). First, we propose that a learner represent information about the possible presence/absence of a segment in an underlying form via a presence feature. The presence feature can be set using the same inconsistency detection method that has previously been used to set other segmental features. This allows the learner to combine evidence from paradigmatically related words in a single compact representation. Second, we propose that the learner only consider for underlying forms segments that surface in at least one surface realization of the morpheme. This approach is justified by the structure of output-driven maps, and avoids the potential for an unbounded number of possibly deleted segments in an underlying form. A proof is given for the validity of the method for avoiding unbounded deletion. The resulting learner is able to learn some grammatical regularities about segmental insertion and deletion; this is shown via two manual step-by-step applications of the algorithm. Verificatory simulations for learning the entire typology of Basic CV Syllable Theory are left to work in the near future.
Educação intergeracional e envelhecimento bem sucedido
Authors: Antunes Maria Da Conceição Pinto , Moreira Maria Cristina
Published: March 2019

A intervenção aqui descrita resultou de um trabalho de investigação/intervenção de caráter intergeracional, desenvolvida numa Instituição Social de Solidariedade Social (IPSS) do norte de Portugal, abrangendo um grupo de 17 idosos com idades compreendidas entre os 60 e 70 anos e um grupo de 15 crianças/adolescentes com idades compreendidas entre os dez e 14 anos. O objetivo geral do projeto centrou-se na promoção do envelhecimento bem-sucedido e a inclusão social, através do desenvolvimento de atividades favorecedoras da interação e educação/ aprendizagem intergeracional. Recorrendo ao paradigma interpretativo-hermenêutico, foi desenvolvido um trabalho de investigação-ação participativa utilizando as técnicas de animação sociocultural, enquanto metodologias que fomentam a motivação e participação da população-alvo do projeto. Partindo dos interesses, necessidades e potencialidades dos participantes foram desenvolvidas três oficinas: Oficina da Descoberta, Oficina da Construção e Oficina da Intergeracionalidade, onde foram dinamizados diversos tipos de atividades a nível físico, cognitivo, lúdico, afetivo e cultural que permitiram desenvolveras capacidades funcionais (mobilidade, memória, criatividade, reflexão crítica) e fomentar o convívio e as relações intra e intergeracionais. Os resultados do projeto revelaram alterações significativas a níveldo aumento do bem-estar físico e psicológico, melhor relacionamento interpessoal e aquisição de novas aprendizagens.
Hipertensão arterial e osteoporose no processo do envelhecimento: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Saquet Luana Decian , Weis Grazielle Castagna Cezimbra , Rossato Bruna De Moraes , Vizzoto Cassiano Boessio , Basso Cristiana , Blümke Adriane Cervi
Published: March 2019

As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis são umas das principais causas de morte no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura avaliando a prevalência, os fatores de risco, a prevenção e o tratamento de duas doenças envolvidas no processo de envelhecimento, a hipertensão e a osteoporose. Foi realizado busca nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), cujos termos de busca foram “doença crônica”, “idoso”, “hipertensão” ou “osteoporose”. Foram incluídos artigos originais e artigos de revisão em português ou em inglês, e excluiu-se da pesquisa artigos que não estivessem disponíveis online gratuitamente na íntegra. Foram encontrados 1393 artigos, sendo selecionadas para o estudo 26 publicações nacionais e internacionais, divulgadas entre os anos de 2004 e 2014. Como resultados, observou-se que a hipertensão e a osteoporose consistem em doenças de elevada prevalência entre os idosos, principalmente entre as mulheres. Fatores genéticos e ambientais, como o tabagismo, o etilismo, o sedentarismo e a alimentação constituem nos principais fatores de risco dessas doenças. A prevenção dessas doenças é baseada em cuidados com os fatores de risco, como a prática de exercícios físicos e uma alimentação rica em frutas e verduras, e pobre em sal, no caso da hipertensão. O tratamento da osteoporose e da hipertensão usualmente ocorre por intervenção cirúrgica e farmacológica, respectivamente. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo contribuem para o melhor entendimento sobre essas doenças, auxiliando na busca por um envelhecimento saudável.
Know thy student: Using a graduate student learning assessment questionnaire
Authors: Hermanns Melinda , Greer Danice B.
Published: March 2019

Background: Creating an online learning environment for today’s adult learner that is engaging and conducive to meeting the various needs can be a challenge for any educator, new or seasoned. Understanding the students’ perspectives of what they need from faculty to be successful is underexplored. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the students’ perspectives of their learning needs and motivation as reported in a faculty developed Graduate Student Learning Assessment Questionnaire (GSLAQ).Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey design was employed and consisted of 120 non-traditional adult learners in graduate nursing school. The demographics are as follows: 100 females (83.3%) and 20 males (16.7%) with a mean age of 34.9 years.Results: Five themes emerged: (1) motivation, (2) time orientation, (3) autonomy/role change, (4) caring, and (5) authentic engagement/communication.Conclusions: Understanding students’ concerns as well as their perceptions of what they need from faculty to be successful enables faculty to better communicate with the students as well as provide the needed support as expressed by the students.
A representação de Atores Sociais no discurso da revista Caros Amigos
Authors: Oliveira Daniele De
Published: March 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar como se estabelece a construção da imagem dos Atores Sociais mídia corporativa, revista Caros Amigos e leitor da mesma no discurso da própria revista. Nosso intuito mais amplo é analisar o discurso veiculado pela denominada mídia alternativa (ou independente), considerando especialmente a construção da opinião expressa. Este trabalho parte dos pressupostos teóricos da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional de Halliday (1985) e Halliday; Matthiessen (2004), bem como do sistema sociossemântico desenvolvido por Van Leeuwen (2008 [1996]) a partir da LSF. Para alcançarmos nossos objetivos, analisamos em nossa tese de doutorado (XXXXXXXX, XXXX) a Representação dos Atores Sociais destacados em quinze editoriais e três artigos de opinião da revista Caros Amigos. Neste artigo, apresentaremos um panorama das Representações em todo o corpus, e também a análise específica de dois dos editoriais: “Caminhos” (mar. 2003) e “A linha de frente” (out. 2007). Observamos que uma das estratégias para expressar a opinião nesse discurso é a maneira como é materializada linguisticamente a Representação dos Atores Sociais, especialmente a mídia corporativa, o Ator Social mais frequente em nosso corpus. A mídia corporativa é representada principalmente por Categorizações, ou seja, referida como se se tratasse de uma única instituição homogênea. Além disso, ela é recorrentemente avaliada por meio de Representações que revelam uma crítica que aponta para a falta de ética jornalística.
Professor como ator do agir docente – Uma análise de diários reflexivos
Authors: SANTOS LAILA ALVES
Published: March 2019

RESUMO: Este artigo trata do tema “trabalho docente” e tem como objetivo geral verificar como o professor é representado no processo de apropriação da gamificação como instrumento, a partir de textos produzidos pelo e para o professor. Os dados utilizados para análise consistem em diários reflexivos escritos pela professora-pesquisadora e produzidos antes e após aulas que tiveram elementos da gamificação envolvidos. Baseamos nossa análise, primeiramente, no posicionamento epistemológico do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD) e é a partir desta base que o corpus será analisado, privilegiando os níveis enunciativos e semânticos da análise de elementos linguístico-discursivos. A partir do gênero diários pode-se ver observar o trabalho real, além das as capacidades mobilizadas para o agir, postura do professor diante dos impedimentos e o desenvolvimento dentro de uma aula desde seu planejamento, à execução e avaliação. O que nos leva a concluir que o professor, em seu trabalho real é ator do seu trabalho e agir, baseando ações em suas intenções e motivos.
Teaching with luck: Uma proposta de ensino de língua inglesa baseada no conto Luck, de Mark Twain
Authors: Becher Tatiane Cristina , Capitani Dhandara , Sabadin Marlene Neri
Published: March 2019

Neste trabalho, apresenta-se uma proposta de ensino de língua inglesa que se utiliza do conto “Luck”, do autor norte-americano Mark Twain, com o intuito de demonstrar como uma obra literária original, provinda da literatura de língua inglesa, pode ser trabalhada em turmas de ensino médio de uma escola pública regular, vinculando o ensino da língua estrangeira ao ensino da literatura de língua inglesa, de maneira dinâmica e diferenciada, mediada por diversificados recursos visuais e interativos. O recorte aqui apresentado pertence a uma sequência didática que foi aplicada em duas turmas de segundo ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública regular, as quais mostraram-se participativas e engajadas com as atividades propostas. Um questionário foi aplicado ao final da aplicação da proposta, por meio do qual foi possível averiguar as percepções positivas dos alunos quanto à prática. O trabalho escrito sobre o processo de desenvolvimento e de aplicação dessa proposta de ensino foi aportado em autores como Bezerra (2010), Bordini e Aguiar (1993), Gantier (1974), Polidório (2004), Roulet (1978), Smith (1967), dentre outros.
Contextualismo vs Minimalismo: um embate sobre a (in)dependência entre Semântica e Pragmática
Authors: Amaral Jeremias Daiana
Published: March 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um debate entre duas correntes teóricas opostas: o minimalismo semântico e o contextualismo semântico. Mostraremos que o cerne dessa disputa faz referência às relações estreitas que a semântica e a pragmática possuem no que tange ao tratamento do significado de uma sentença e a possível influência do contexto em sua compreensão. Para os minimalistas Cappelen & Lepore (2005), o significado de uma sentença é definido em grande parte pelos seus elementos gramaticais; nessa concepção, a referência contextual não apresenta qualquer influência em seu conteúdo semântico, salvo os indexicais. Já os contextualistas como Recanati (2010) defendem que o contexto modaliza o conteúdo semântico de uma sentença: diferentes significados podem ser atribuídos a uma mesma sentença a depender do cenário dos atos de proferimento. A discussão entre essas diferentes abordagens parece uma alusão ao quão dependente ou independente a semântica é da pragmática, se elas estão ou não em relação de interface no tratamento do significado e do contexto. Se considerarmos a concepção minimalista, a semântica e a pragmática são áreas de estudos separadas; porém, se considerarmos a concepção contextualista, essas áreas são interdependentes, ou seja, as condições de verdade de uma sentença dependem da informação contextual do ato de fala.
Decrease in the number of agricultural farms in the state of Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Telles Tiago Santos , Costa Gustavo Vaz da , Castro Gustavo Henrique Leite de , Bachi Matheus Demambre , Laurenti Antonio Carlos
Published: March 2019

Issues related to farms have begun to be discussed in a global context due to their importance in the economic development process, as they have a direct impact on the social transformations within and away from the countryside and are an important part of the system ensuring the food supply and food security for the population. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the trends in the number of farms in the rural areas of Paraná, Brazil, by main type of activity and by land size category for the period from 2002 to 2014. Data from the National Household Sample Survey were used, and the mean annual variation rates were calculated via Student’s t-test using a log-linear ordinary least squares regression model. A reduction of 3.5% per annum (pa) was seen in the number of farms, both in relation to main activities and land size. There was a sharper decline in the number of farms dedicated to soybean (8.9% pa) and corn (6.3% pa) production and in the number of farms ranging in size from 10 ha to < 100 ha of land (7.09% pa). This information may support the establishment of public actions focused on the farming sector in Paraná.
Bioactive compounds and enzymatic activity in minimally processed eggplant packedunderactive modified atmosphere
Authors: Mariano-Nasser Flávia Aparecida de Carvalho , Borges Cristine Vanz , Ramos Juliana Arruda , Nasser Maurício Dominguez , Lundgren Giovanna Alencar , Furlaneto Karina Aparecida , Kovalski Tânia Regina , Vieites Rogério Lopes
Published: March 2019

The study aimed to assess bioactive compounds and polyphenoloxidase activity of minimally processed eggplants stored in different atmospheres. Eggplants (Solanum melongena L.; cv. Ciça) were minimally processed (MP), sanitized and treated with a 2% citric acid solution. They were packed in plastic containers (vacuum) of nylon + transparent polyethylene and submitted to modified atmospheres with the following concentrations of gases: control (atmospheric air), vacuum, 4% O2 + 5% CO2,4% O2 + 6% CO2, 4% O2 + 7% CO2, and 4% O2 + 8% CO2, being stored in a cold chamber (5 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 1% relative humidity) for 10 days. The analyses consisted of the total phenolic compounds, total antioxidant activity, flavonoids, and polyphenoloxidase activity. The experimental design was a completely randomized design in a 6 × 6 factorial scheme (treatment vs. storage period). The data were submitted to analysis of variance and a regression analysis was performed for storage time. The active modified atmosphere with 8% CO2 is effective in reducing the polyphenoloxidase activity in minimally processed eggplant. The contents of phenolic compounds and flavonoids of minimally processed eggplant decrease with storage.
Effect of replacement of soybean meal with protected or common urea on the carcass and meat characteristics of confined steers
Authors: Cardoso Gilmar Dos Santos , Rodrigues Leonel Da Silva , Machado Diego Soares , Domingues Camille Carijo , Silva Mauren Burin da , Martini Patrícia Machado , Adams Sander Martinho , Borchate Daniele , Brondani Ivan Luiz , Alves Filho Dari Celestino
Published: March 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of crude protein substitution of soybean meal with urea (slow-release or otherwise) on the carcass and the meat characteristics of finished steers in confinement. Twenty-seven castrated, purebred and Charolais-Nelore crossbred steers with a mean age of 20 ± 1,5 months and initial mean live weight of 293 ± 31 kg, were distributed in three treatments: Protected Urea (concentrate containing slow degradation urea ); Soybean meal (concentrate containing soybean meal) and Urea Common (concentrate containing common urea). A randomized block experimental design (racial predominance) was used, with three treatments and nine replications, with the animal as the experimental unit. Feeding treatments did not influence the hot and cold carcass weight and yield. The fat thickness that covered the carcass was not altered, according to the diets studied, being on average 3.97 ± 0.94 mm. The measurements and the carcass compactness were not altered by the diets, presenting average values of 127.55; 74.86; 39.86; 38.84 and 25.72 cm for carcass length, leg and arm, arm perimeter and cushion thickness, respectively. A significant difference was observed in marbling, and the meat of the animals treated with soybean meal were higher than those treated with protected urea (3.72 vs 2.28 points).
VIS-NIR spectral reflectance for discretization of soils with high sand content
Authors: Pereira Gustavo Eduardo , Sequinatto Letícia , Almeida Jaime Antonio de , Ten Caten Alexandre , Mota Josie Moraes
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study is to evaluate the spatial distribution and relationships between the physicochemical attributes and radiometry of soils with high sand contents. One hundred surface horizon samples were collected for physicochemical and spectral analyses of the soil. The samples were selected spatially by the conditioned Latin hypercube method. The physicochemical analyses consisted of granulometry, organic carbon content, and iron oxides content, extracted using sodium dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB). The spectral response of the soils was analyzed in the 400 to 1000 nm range. The spectral curves were obtained from the samples of the surface horizons, which were categorized according to the attribute in question. The relationship between the soil physicochemical attributes and soil radiometry was evaluated through a Pearson's correlation. There was a tendency for the organic carbon content to decrease with an increase in soil depth, associated with the presence of soils with higher sand contents. For soils with iron contents lower than 80 g kg-1, there was an increase in the reflectance along the spectrum, whereas for soils with contents between 80 and 160 g kg-1, the reflectance decreased after 600 nm, with greater variation along the spectrum for soils with iron contents higher than 120 g kg-1. The diffuse reflectance spectroscopy could potentially allow for granulometric distinction between the soils evaluated.
The Interconnection of Motivation and Self Regulated Learning Among University Level EFL Students
Authors: Tosuncuoglu Irfan
Published: March 2019

The main aim of this research is to investigate learners in higher education in a Turkish context, in terms of motivational components such as goal orientation, self efficacy, intrinsic value, test anxiety and self-regulated learning components such as cognitive strategy usage and self regulation. The study was carried out with 233 students in higher education enrolled in the English Language and Literature department. Descriptive, variance and correlation analyses were carried out to answer the research questions. The results showed that the participants were reported to have satisfactory level of goal orientation, self efficacy, intrinsic value, test anxiety, cognitive strategy usage and self regulation. ANOVA results indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the three types of students, regular (daytime), evening, and distance education, with regard to goal orientation and self-efficacy. Furthermore, correlation analysis suggested that there was a moderate level of correlation between self-regulation and cognitive strategy usage. This research on the whole, infers that self-regulated learning means empowering the student to take charge of their motivation and educational pathway, and that while doing so, teachers should keep in mind that the classroom remains a formal environment that still requires self-efficacy and self-regulation and these are all interrelated.
The Improvement of Intelligibility in the Oral Production of Standard English: A Study About the Production of Vowel Quality in Stressed and Unstressed Syllables
Authors: Muñoz Mallén Ana María , Vázquez Víctor Pavón
Published: March 2019

Pronunciation is an essential aspect in the teaching of the English language, especially those aspects of pronunciation such as stress and vowel quality as they are crucial elements to ensure intelligibility in communication. The general objective of this study is to investigate whether the theoretical-practical instruction on pronunciation has a crucial impact on the vowel quality production of stressed and unstressed syllable in isolated words and in wider contexts, and therefore, in the improvement of intelligibility and of the oral production in general terms, in two groups of Spanish students of English (the control and the experimental group). More particularly, the study addresses the impact of formal instruction in pronunciation based on deduction in terms of rule formation from a cognitive perspective. The results indicate that the specific work implemented with the production of vowel quality in stressed and unstressed syllables have a significant impact on intelligibility.
Becoming Reflective Practitioners: A Case Study of Four Beginning Pre-service EFL Teachers in Turkey
Authors: Kırmızı Özkan , Tosuncuoglu Irfan
Published: March 2019

The present study was designed to investigate the emerging reflective practices of four pre-service English teachers during their practicum experience. The teachers were selected on the basis of convenience. Qualitative paradigm was adopted in the study. Observations, video recordings, and audio recordings were used as data collection tools. Each participant was observed four times and all the lessons were video-recorded. After each lesson, reflection sessions were conducted with the researcher, the pre-service teacher, and the mentor. These sessions were audio-recorded. As for the analysis of the data, content analysis was employed. As a result of the analysis of the data, use of L1, material use and planning, the pace and mood of the lesson, error correction, content and grading, and classroom management emerged as critical areas of reflection on the part of the participants.
Management Commitments in the Policy Implementation of Exclusive Breast-Feeding for Working Mothers: A Study in Textile Industries in Central Java
Authors: Aisyaroh Noveri , Sutrisminah Emi , Widayati Widayati
Published: March 2019

The high rates of neonatal, infant and children mortality in Indonesia indicate that the MDGs 2017 target has not been fully achieved. One of the prevention measures for mortality is exclusive breastfeeding. In Indonesia, the breast-feeding coverage has not reached the expected target because one of the factors is working mothers. Most working mothers stop breastfeeding or start mixing baby feeding before the baby is 6 months old. Here, the commitment of company managers in implementing government policies will increase exclusive breast-feeding coverage. This type of research uses descriptive analysis with documentation study methods, observation, interviews and questionnaires in 4 textile companies in Semarang City, Semarang Regency and Pekalongan. The number of respondents 99 people consists of women workers, administrators of workplaces and health workers in the workplace. The results of the study show that 49.5% of companies are committed to supporting government policies by facilitating leave and that there are arrangements for working hours that are in accordance with the rules, and that 50.5% do not support this matter and do not fully support government policy. Furthermore, the results of this study are complemented by interviews with HRD and management related to breastfeeding policy and working conditions.
Postharvest Physiology, Biochemistry and Quality Management of Chili Plum (Spondias purpurea var. Lutea): A Review
Authors: Mohammed Majeed , Bridgemohan Puran , Graham Owen , Wickham Lynda , Bridgemohan Ronell S. H. , Mohammed Zareef
Published: March 2019

The chili plum (Spondias purpurea L.) is an exotic fruit with a climacteric pattern of respiration belonging to the Anacardiaceous family and is consumed in both the fresh and processed states. The fruit has a yellow pulp, pleasant aroma, sweet sour taste with vitamin A content being higher than cashew, guava, some papaya and mango cultivars. However, a relatively short shelf-life of 5-6 days at ambient temperatures for harvested fruits and widespread incidence of fruit-fly infestation are two major limitations for increased utilization of this fruit. Fruits can be successfully stored up to 14 days at 12.5oC. Fruits stored at 12.5oC and then subsequently transferred to 30-32oC ripened normally with a shelf-life of 4 days. Storage at temperatures below 9-10oC resulted in the occurrence of chilling injury damage accompanied by an inhibition of ripening. Chili plums have a caloric density of 74 kcal/100 g-1 edible portion which is significantly higher than the 39 to 58 kcal/100g-1 for peach, apricot, and mango and cherry. The higher caloric density is attributed to its total carbohydrates of 19.1% and fructose, glucose and sucrose which together account for 65% of the soluble matter. Unlike the other fruits, chili plum retains a fair amount of starch in the mesocarp. It is a moderate source of potassium (250 mg/100g-1 edible portion) and an excellent source of vitamin C (48 mg/100g-1 edible portion). Analysis of volatile flavour compounds showed 2-hexenal to be the main flavour compound present.