bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of a genetic collection of strawberry (Fragaria L.) for resistance to powdery mildew
Authors: Lyzhin A. S. , Luk’yanchuk I.  V.
Published: April 2024

Powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca macularis Mag. (syn. Podosphaera aphanis Wallr.)) is a dangerous disease of strawberry (Fragaria L.). The resistance of strawberry to powdery mildew is controlled polygenically. Several genetic loci with a large contribution to disease resistance have been identified in various strawberry varieties. Diagnostic DNA markers have been developed for QTL 08 To-f. They showed a high level of reliable gene detection in mapping populations. The purpose of this study was assessment of a strawberry genetic collection for resistance to powdery mildew and identification of promising strawberry forms for breeding for resistance to S. macularis. The objects of the study were wild species of the genus Fragaria L., varieties and selected seedlings of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) created in the I.V. Michurin Federal Scientific Center, and strawberry varieties introduced from various ecological and geographical regions. To identify QTL 08 To-f, DNA markers IB535110 and IB533828 were used. Locus 08 To-f was detected in 23.2 % of the analyzed strawberry genotypes, including wild species F. moschata and F. orientalis, strawberry varieties of Russian breeding (Bylinnaya and Sudarushka) and foreign breeding (Florence, Korona, Malwina, Ostara, Polka and Red Gauntlet). The correlation between the presence of markers IB535110 and IB533828 and phenotypic resistance (powdery mildew effect on strawberry plants is absent) was 0.649. The determination coefficient (R2 ) showing the contribution of the studied locus to the manifestation of the trait was 0.421, that is, in 42.1 % of cases resistance was explained by the presence of QTL 08 To-f, and in 57.9 % of cases, by other genetic factors. All strawberry genotypes with locus 08 To-f were characterized by high field resistance to S. macularis in the conditions of Michurinsk, Tambov region. Thus, locus 08 To-f is promising for conferring resistance on local powdery mildew races, and markers IB535110 and IB533828 can be used in marker-assisted breeding programs to create powdery mildewresistant strawberry genotypes.
Composition of the sputum bacterial microbiome of patients with different pathomorphological forms of non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Druzhinin V. G. , Baranova E. D. , Demenkov P. S. , Matskova L. V. , Larionov A. V.
Published: April 2024

Recent studies have shown that the bacterial microbiome of the respiratory tract influences the development of lung cancer. Changes in the composition of the microbiome are observed in patients with chronic inflammatory processes. Such microbiome changes may include the occurrence of bacteria that cause oxidative stress and that are capable of causing genome damage in the cells of the host organism directly and indirectly. To date, the composition of the respiratory microbiome in patients with various histological variants of lung cancer has not been studied. In the present study, we determined the taxonomic composition of the sputum microbiome of 52 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, 52 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and 52 healthy control donors, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) on the V3-V4 region of the bacterial gene encoding 16S rRNA. The sputum microbiomes of patients with different histological types of lung cancer and controls did not show significant differences in terms of the species richness index (Shannon); however, the patients differed from the controls in terms of evenness index (Pielou). The structures of bacterial communities (beta diversity) in the adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma groups were also similar; however, when analyzed according to the matrix constructed by the Bray–Curtis method, there were differences between patients with squamous cell carcinoma and healthy subjects, but not between those with adenocarcinoma and controls. Using the LEFse method it was possible to identify an increase in the content of Bacillota (Streptococcus and Bacillus) and Actinomycetota (Rothia) in the sputum of patients with squamous cell carcinoma when compared with samples from patients with adenocarcinoma. There were no differences in the content of bacteria between the samples of patients with adenocarcinoma and the control ones. The content of representatives of the genera Streptococcus, Bacillus, Peptostreptococcus (phylum Bacillota), Prevotella, Macellibacteroides (phylum Bacteroidota), Rothia (phylum Actinomycetota) and Actinobacillus (phylum Pseudomonadota) was increased in the microbiome of sputum samples from patients with squamous cell carcinoma, compared with the control. Thus, the sputum bacterial microbiome of patients with different histological types of non-small-cell lung cancer has significant differences. Further research should be devoted to the search for microbiome biomarkers of lung cancer at the level of bacterial species using whole-genome sequencing.
Um mar de vidro e de emoções
Authors: Neres José
Published: April 2024

Resenha

VELOSO, Gabriela Lages. O mar de vidro. Belo Horizonte: Caravana, 2023.
diálogo literário entre a comédia de Martins Pena e O Riso Redentor, de Peter Berger
Authors: Borralho José Henrique de Paula , Sousa Luzilene Nunes de
Published: April 2024

Partindo do pressuposto de que o riso pode ser um meio eficaz de mostrar os costumes mediante as convenções sociais, moral e ética, este artigo tem como objetivo propiciar insights sobre a teoria e a prática da literatura, bem como discorrer sobre o contexto da narrativa apresentada, na construção literária de um diálogo entre a comédia de Pena (2008), neste caso O Juíz de Paz da Roça, e O Riso Redentor de Berger (2017), no qual o diálogo entre as obras exaltam o cotidiano brasileiro, revelando-o de forma cômica, engraçada, mas à luz da observação do real. Nesse contexto, as circunstâncias que esboçam o início dessa construção literária serão por meio do uso da linguagem, trazendo o cômico como componente da realidade a ser detectada. Para delimitar este estudo, fez-se uma pesquisa em consonância com a fortuna crítica de teóricos como Bosi (2011), Romero (1980) dentre outros, que se torna possível, a evidente elaboração deste trabalho, doravante das investigações sobre a intencionalidade dramática, por ser conhecido na forma de senso do humor.
Świadectwo krakowskiego ogrodu przełomu XV i XVI wieku
Authors: Czapla Julia
Published: April 2024

Jednym ze skutków rozwoju medycyny i botaniki w końcu XV wieku było pojawienie się różnego rodzaju ogrodów, w których hodowano rośliny lecznicze. Prócz prowadzonych niekiedy od stuleci ogrodów klasztornych nowe zakładali tak teoretycy, jak i praktycy ziołolecznictwa – lekarze, aptekarze i pierwsi botanicy. Wśród zawodów medycznych pojawili się profesjonalni ogrodnicy, którzy sprzedawali rośliny farmaceutom, a zapewne też udzielali podstawowych porad medycznych. W swojej pracy korzystali z naukowych (czy też quasi-naukowych) zielników gromadzących informacje o właściwościach i zastosowaniu roślin. W zbiorach Biblioteki Naukowej PAU i PAN w Krakowie znajduje się inkunabuł dokumentujący praktykę zawodową hodowcy roślin (Inc. 31). Niekompletny (brakuje w nim 120 z ponad 360 kart) egzemplarz Gart der Gesundheit z 1485 roku należał do niezidentyfikowanego, posługującego się językiem niemieckim krakowskiego ogrodnika, który w latach 1493–1527 poczynił w nim liczne notatki. Cały tekst został przez niego zindeksowany (na marginesach autor zanotował hasłowo najważniejsze elementy poszczególnych opisów roślin i opracował własny indeks). Bogato ilustrowany inkunabuł był dla niego nie tylko źródłem wiedzy (wynotowywał zastosowanie roślin, niekiedy proste receptury i różne spostrzeżenia medyczne oraz kulinarne, a także zamieszczał uwagi zasłyszane od krakowskich lekarzy), ale też notatnikiem handlarza (przy większości roślin zapisane są ceny skupu, które płacono w aptekach aglomeracji krakowskiej, a przy kilku także ceny sprzedaży i źródło, skąd pozyskiwał nasiona bądź rzadką roślinę) oraz hodowcy (większość notatek dotyczy czasu kiełkowania i kwitnięcia roślin oraz ich wyglądu, zwłaszcza elementów nieukazanych na drzeworytach lub niedokładnie przedstawionych).
Ilustracje były dla niego równie istotne jak tekst zielnika. Nowe, opracowane w Moguncji w końcu XV wieku drzeworyty były względnie realistyczne i pozwalały szybko znaleźć odpowiednie hasło i zidentyfikować roślinę. Krakowski właściciel dodatkowo dopisywał przy przedstawieniach roślin ich niemieckie, łacińskie i polskie nazwy (czasem odmienne niż w niemieckim druku). Co więcej, swój egzemplarz najprawdopodobniej kupił już pokolorowany, bo wśród notatek są także jego uwagi na temat jakości ilustracji i ewentualnych różnic między rzeczywistą rośliną i jej przedstawieniem, obejmujące przede wszystkim barwę liści i kwiatów.
Mimo że krakowski egzemplarz Gart der Gesundheit został zniszczony w czasie XIX-wiecznej konserwacji (obecnie brak w nim ⅓ kart oraz oryginalnej oprawy), przez co nie można zidentyfikować jego pierwszego właściciela, zamieszczone w nim notatki pozwalają nam zobaczyć, jak na przełomie XV i XVI wieku wykorzystywano bogato ilustrowane publikacje naukowe z zakresu botaniki i ziołolecznictwa. Chociaż książka nie była tania, miała dla niego przede wszystkim znaczenie użytkowe i była traktowana jako swoisty almanach, który daje wgląd w środowisku hodowców roślin tego okresu, ale też w przyrodę i klimat Krakowa przełomu średniowiecza i nowożytności.
Ogród w podróży: o spostrzeżeniach na temat ogrodów w wybranych relacjach polskich podróżników po Europie w 2. połowie XVIII wieku
Authors: Jagiełło-Jakubaszek Katarzyna
Published: April 2024

Podróże zagraniczne stanowiły jeden z czynników sprzyjających przepływowi wiedzy o trendach w sztuce ogrodowej. Przyczyniały się do transferu idei i specjalistów. Sprzyjały nawiązywaniu kontaktów, poznawaniu kolekcji roślin i minerałów, a wizyty w ogrodach stanowiły istotny punkt podróżnych itinerariów. Refleksje podróżników poświęcone problematyce ogrodowej znajdowały odzwierciedlenie w powstających relacjach z podróży. W artykule podejmuję analizę spostrzeżeń poświęconych tematyce ogrodowej wyrażonych przez wybranych polskich podróżników po Europie w 2. połowie XVIII wieku.
Biomarkers for assessment of the polychemotherapy results in patients with adrenocortical cancer based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry studies of urine steroid profiles
Authors: Velikanova Ludmila I. , Vorokhobina Natalia V. , Kalugina Valentina V. , Shafigullina Zulfiya R. , Malevanaya Ekaterina V. , Strelnikova Elena G. , Bokhyan Vahan Y.
Published: April 2024

Background: The effectiveness of polychemotherapy (PCT) for adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is assessed by imaging tests with the RECIST 1.1 criteria. However, the presence of subclinical tumor foci does not allow for an objective measurement of the true tumor burden. As shown previously, postoperative assessment of the steroid metabolome by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) in ACC patients makes it possible to identify early signs of adrenal steroidogenesis abnormalities and of the recurrence of adrenocortical carcinoma.
Aim: To identify biomarkers of response to PCT by GCMS study of the urine steroid profile in ACC patients after surgical resection of the tumor.
Materials and methods: Urine steroid profiles were studied by GCMS (Shimadzu GCMS-TQ8050 gas chromatography-mass spectrometer) in 30 ACC patients (stages II, III and IV) after surgery and first line (combination of etoposide, doxorubicin and cisplatin with daily mitotane) and second line (gemcitabine combined with capecitabine and mitotane) PCT. The control group included 25 patients with hormonally inactive adenomas.
Results: The response to PCT according to RECIST 1.1 criteria was obtained in 23 patients (Group 1, responders) and in 7 patients ACC progressed under PCT (Group 2, non-responders). In the responders, the urinary excretion of etiocholanolone, pregnanediol and pregnanetriol was lower than in the control group. The non-responders had higher urinary excretion of androgens, progestogens and tetrahydro-11-deoxycortisol (THS), compared to the responders and the control group. The patients with ACC progression under PCT had an increase in 3β,16,20-pregnenetriol (3β,16,20-dP3) levels and a decrease of the 3α,16,20-dP3/3β,16,20-dP3 ratio, compared to those in the PCT responders. The threshold values for urinary excretion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, ≤ 469 mcg/24h; AUC = 1.0), THS (≤ 223 mcg/24h; AUC = 1.0), and 3β,16,20-dP3 (≤ 130 mcg/24h; AUC = 0.986), as well as the 3α,16,20-dP3/3β,16,20-dP3 ratio (≥ 2.13; AUC = 1.0) had 100% sensitivity and specificity for the assessment of the PCT effectiveness.
Conclusion: Different urine steroid profiles were obtained by GCMS in the ACC patients after PCT with and without treatment response. The 100% sensitivity and specificity of the threshold values for urinary excretion of DHEA, THS, 3β,16,20-dP3 and the 3α,16,20-dP3/3β,16,20-dP3 ratio for the assessment of PCT results indicate the potential to use these parameters as biomarkers of response or progression of the disease in the monitoring of PCT effects in ACC patients.
Editorial
Authors: Saboia Fonseca Cruz Luciana , Pescatori Candido da Silva Carolina , De Sousa Cruz Leandro , Lima de Bezerra Maria do Carmo
Published: April 2024

No século XX, diversas cidades capitais foram projetadas e construídas com base em novos princípios de planejamento, sendo a paisagem um importante meio para esta nova configuração urbana. O urbanismo modernista, diretamente relacionado com as vanguardas artísticas e arquitetônicas, priorizou soluções para problemas urbanos através de arranha-céus, espaços verdes e de uma infraestrutura integrada tendo os sistemas de transporte no centro do debate. No entanto, muitas foram as críticas que apontaram a falta de consideração de aspectos sociais, ambientais e culturais, resultando em uma separação entre planejamento urbano e desenho urbano. Capitais como Canberra, na Austrália (1912); Ankara, na Turquia (1923); Chandigarh, na Índia (1947); Brasília, no Brasil (1957); Islamabad, no Paquistão (1959); e Abuja, na Nigéria (1974), exemplificam esse paradigma, mostram a sua distribuição no globo e apontam para a necessidade de mais estudos comparativos. Reflexões do Seminário Internacional TOPOS – Landscapes of Power, em 2022, levaram à criação de uma seção temática na Revista Paranoá, explorando temas como urbanismo, arquitetura, ecologia e engajamento social, vislumbrando novas perspectivas para o urbanismo contemporâneo e a equidade no planejamento urbano.
INDUCED PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND DIFFERENT LIGHT SPECTRUM LEDS IN INDOOR FARMING
Authors:   A Cambridge Future Scholar, Cambridge Center for International Research (CCIR), 184 Cambridge Science Park Milton Rd, Milton, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, UK, Fredricia Prem Daryl
Published: April 2024

Ensuring the correct wavelength of the LED spectrum at different stages of the plant growth is vital to the yield in Indoor Farming Techniques. There is an increased need for indoor farming due to growing imbalance in food supply due to dense population in cities and boosted by crisis such as Covid19 lockdowns. Indoor urban farming is gaining traction as a potential indoor soilless gardening method to address the above need and to create a self-sustained basic vegetable production method for urban families. The paper talks about the use of artificial LED lighting and the different light spectrum that are necessary for the proper plant growth and yield in an indoor environment.
THE THERAPEUTIC TREATMENT OF PEPITEM INCREASES THE PROTEIN EXPRESSION OF SIRT1 IN A MOUSE MODEL OF EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS (EAE) AS A MODEL FOR HUMAN MS
Authors:   Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC). Riyadh, KSA, Alassiri Mohammed ,   Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh
Published: April 2024

Objective: To investigate the effect of the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of the immunopeptide PEPITEM on the protein expression of SIRT1 in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a model for human MS. Methods: Using C57BL/6 female mice, we dosed the PEPITEM in the EAE model via intraperitoneal injections either prophylactically or therapeutically. The disease was induced using MOG35-55 and complete Freund's adjuvants augmented with pertussis toxin. The EAE score was recorded daily until the end of the experiment (21 days). A Western blot analysis was performed on the brain lysate to measure the protein concentration of SIRT1. Results: The therapeutic treatment with PEPITEM increased the protein expressions of SIRT1 on the EAE mice whereas the prophylactic injections did not affect the protein expression of SIRT1. Conclusion: Collectively, the therapeutic treatment with PEPITEM suggesting anti-inflammatory effect of PEPITEM on the brain damage in EAE mice which offers a novel and safe strategy for drug therapy in MS, opening new avenues for research and treatment.
THE IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF IL-22 VERSUS PRAZIQUANTEL TREATMENT AGAINST S.MANSONI –INDUCED LIVER FIBROSIS IN MICE
Authors:   Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt, El-Hennamy Rehab E. , El-Shorbagy Ayatollah A. ,   Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt, Albeltagy Rasha Salah ,   Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt, Shafaa Medhat W. ,   Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Nady Soad ,   Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt
Published: April 2024

Background/Aim: Praziquantel (PZQ), the primary medication for schistosomiasis treatment, exhibits a potential resistance by the parasite. Therefore, the development of a new effective treatment is obligated. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) has been reported to have a hepatoprotective effect. The current study aimed to compare the effectiveness of IL-22 treatment versus PZQ against S. mansoni - induced liver fibrosis in mice. Materials and Methods: Forty male albino mice were divided into control, infected, IL-22 (0.36 µg/kg), and PZQ (a single dose of 600 mg/kg) groups. PZQ was administered alone or in combination with IL-22. Inflammatory indicators [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-17 (IL-17), IL-22, and immunoglobulin E (IgE)], hepatic expressions of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), β-catenin, and miR let-7a gene expressions, and liver granuloma index (GI) were estimated. Results: The present result revealed a significant (P <0.05) reduction in liver GI and the pro-inflammatory cytokine, TNF-α, after the treatment with IL-22. Moreover, the treatment enhanced significantly (P <0.05) let-7a miRNA and STAT3 gene expressions as well as downregulated (P <0.05) β-catenin mRNA, which in turn could reduce fibrosis resulting from S. mansoni infection. On the other hand, PZQ treatment alone or in combination with IL-22 reduced significantly (P <0.05) proinflammatory cytokines and IgE but failed to decrease GI or β-catenin gene expression, which might cause a negative impact on liver fibrosis. Conclusion: IL-22 could be a potential immunotherapeutic agent for S.mansoni-induced liver fibrosis, compared to PZQ, through activating STAT3 and let-7a downstream signalling pathways and inhibiting β-catenin pathway.
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKING ON THE NKX3.1 AND TMPRSS2 GENES ASSOCIATED WITH MALE FERTILITY
Authors:   Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia, Alsulami Haneen Hamed
Published: April 2024

Cigarette's smoking has a wide negative impact on human health, and it's have been related to many serious issues like cancer, heart disease, respiratory system, and number of health problems. Also, smoking can affect fertility in men by affecting the sperm on several levels. Our research will investigate the genetic risk factors in male by focusing on NKX3.1 and TMPRSS2 genes related to male fertility and investigate the correlation between the gene’s polymorphisms of three groups (smokers, non-smokers, and infertile men). The NKX3.1 or NK3 homeobox 1 located on chromosome 8 is the first known prostate epithelium-specific marker it is an androgen regulated transcriptional and tumor suppressor gene this gene encodes for a homeobox-containing transcription factor and the transcription factor involved in development of the testes and prostate. there are not enough research data about NKX3.1 single nucleotide’s DNA variations and interaction with cigarettes smoking. The TMPRSS2 gene or transmembrane serine protease 2 is located on chromosome 21 is an endothelial cell surface gene encodes a protein that belongs to the serine protease family. TMPRSS2 is expressed in prostate epithelial cells and is needed for normal prostate function. It’s also expressed across the gastrointestinal (digestive) tract, such as in intestinal epithelial cells and across the respiratory tract. This gives TMPRSS2 gene an advantage to study or investigate gene expression influenced by lifestyle habits such as cigarettes smoke. Most of today research is confined to respiratory and cardiovascular system affected by cigarettes smoke but this research will investigate the relation between cigarettes smoking and fertility problems in men by selecting two fertility related genes (NKX3.1 and TMPRSS2) and analyzing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) From 75 blood samples collected from 25 smokers ,25 control and 25 infertile\sub-fertile men. To amplify the regions of interest within the applied gene from extracted DNA, a polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) will be used, and ELISA technique to measure serum hormones level (Testosterone and prolactin and Estrogen). We expect this research to provide new information from a new aspect about the effect of cigarettes smoking on those genes and their relation to male infertility.
“Educação Física cuida do corpo e ‘mente’” de João Paulo Subirá Medina no movimento renovador e a difícil tarefa de semear no deserto
Authors: Khalil Gabriel José Inácio , Magalhães Carlos Henrique Ferreira , Silva Elizandra Garcia da , Melo Marcelo Paula de
Published: April 2024

O presente estudo tem como intuito analisar a obra “Educação Física cuida do corpo e ‘mente’”, de João Paulo Subirá Medina. Para isso foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica. Concluímos que caracterizar Medina como um pensador “marxista” foi um erro por parte de autores como Daolio na década de 1990. Os motivos para essa narrativa ter ganhado força são vários, dificuldade de alguns autores em diferenciar o campo crítico do marxismo, influência indireta do marxismo nas formulações de Medina (através de alguns conceitos como totalidade e alienação), momento conjuntural de uma explosão de pensamento crítico possível pela recente abertura democrática e o rápido desenvolvimento acadêmico/científico da Educação Física nos anos 1980/90.
Sala de aula invertida e história da Matemática
Authors: Moura Roseli Alves de , Brandão Kelven Cleyton de Araujo
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: O presente trabalho objetiva estreitar o diálogo entre a matemática no ensino superior e a história da matemática, como forma de promover a construção de interfaces entre estes campos de saberes, elencando como temática o trabalho de Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768-1830), que consagrou-se em 1822 com a publicação da obra Théorie analytique de la chaleur.. Metodologia: Uma abordagem qualitativa, de cunho biográfico e com objetivos exploratórios envolvendo discentes da disciplina Cálculo Diferencial e Integral em um curso de Engenharia em um Centro Universitário em São Paulo. Adotamos a metodologia de ensino de Sala de Aula Invertida e uma abordagem sob o viés da “história”, segundo Grattan-Guinness. Resultados: Consideramos o legado do personagem Fourier, tido como fundamental na discussão sobre a redefinição do conceito de função, ao extrapolar conceitos matemáticos que estavam enraizados na sociedade acadêmica nos oitocentos.  O protagonismo dos estudantes e o tempo ganho em sala de aula para discussões acerca do conteúdo Séries de Fourier, revelou-se decorrente da metodologia adotada em permanente diálogo com a abordagem histórica. O arcabouço teórico trazido pelos estudantes – representados pela maioria das referências bibliográficas utilizadas neste artigo, traz indícios de amadurecimento, favorecendo possibilidades de desdobramentos em experimentos didáticos futuros. Conclusão: Atualmente, as inúmeras aplicações dos estudos de Fourier encontram-se presentes, explicita ou implicitamente, em diversas áreas no âmbito das engenharias, alcançando as nossas vidas de forma inexorável, transcendendo muitas vezes, a mera aplicação de tecnologia.
Risk and Protective Factors of Stress Level in COVID-19 Survivors
Authors: Setyaningrum Rohmaningtyas Hidayah , Hafizah Indria , Sudiyanto Aris , Probandari Ari , Lestari Eny
Published: April 2024

Aim: The level of mental emotional disorders in community has increased since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine the risk factors and protective factors of the stress level of COVID-19 survivors. Subjects and Methods: This study used a descriptive analytic design with a cross sectional approach. A total of 66 respondents were involved in this study. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of: 1) Sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education level, COVID-19 wave and long COVID); 2) Risk factors (previous mental disorders, economic problems, substance use, loneliness, conflict in relationships and loss of important people); 3) Protective factors (spirituality, healthy eating patterns, physical activity, good sleep patterns and good personal relationships. Stress levels were measured using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist - 25 (HSCL - 25), where if the total score/ number of items ≥ 1.75 then categorized as experiencing stress disorder. For data analysis, SPSS Windows 25 was used. Results: The results of the descriptive analysis show that COVID-19 survivors were of the average age of 18-40 years old (78.8 %), female (80.3 %), had undergraduate education level (75.8 %), affected in wave II (45.5 %), felt loneliness (51.5 %), had conflict in their relationships (56.1 %), experienced continued effect of COVID (81.8 %), experienced anxiety (53 %), depression (56.1 %) and stress (57.6 %). The most influential factor on the stress level of COVID-19 survivors was sex (p = 0.032; OR: 0.189). Conclusion: There is no relationship between risk factors and protective factors on the stress level of COVID survivors. The most influential factor is the socio-demographic factor of sex.
Integración de la Inteligencia Artificial en el Marketing: Métodos y Estrategias para Aumentar el Valor Empresarial
Authors: Blas Jesus , Flores Flavio , Esteban Hanz , Soto Maria , Carrasco Jesus
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo revisar la literatura en entorno a los distintos factores de la inteligencia artificial, como se sabe hoy en día muchas empresas están implementando la inteligencia artificial en el marketing, así mismo, siguen proponiendo más estrategias y métodos de mejora para generar más publicidad, lo que conlleva a aumentar las ventas de modo que la empresa crezca económica y publicitariamente. Para ello, hemos revisado distintos artículos en los cuales nos ayudó a investigar más sobre las funciones y estrategias de adaptación de la inteligencia artificial en marketing, según esta literatura existe una gran cantidad de organizaciones compitiendo entre sí, lo que hace indispensable el uso de nuevas tecnologías para tener un mayor impacto en los consumidores y mejorar el áreas de marketing dentro de las empresas. La inteligencia artificial nos brinda un nuevo mundo en el que las máquinas y softwares pueden resolver problemas que antes eran exclusivos de los seres humanos, aprendiendo de forma autónoma y continua.En el ámbito del marketing, la inteligencia artificial está teniendo un crecimiento significativo y está impactando especialmente a las empresas de investigación de mercados. Mucha información relevante ya está disponible y solo es necesario administrar adecuadamente para aprovechar sus beneficios.
“Think Tank of the 21st Century” (Part One)
Authors: Cherkasov P.
Published: April 2024

When Alexander Dynkin took up the position of Director of IMEMO in 2006, he had a clear program of action. The main point of this program was the transformation of the Institute into a modern world-class think tank, capable of deeply and objectively analyzing the processes of world development and the current situation. This was possible only on the basis of fundamental scientific research. Another task was to raise the prestige of IMEMO in public opinion, in the media space and in government bodies. Finally, the new director intended to attract talented young people to the Institute. Acting in this direction, the Academician A. Dynkin initiated a number of structural changes in IMEMO, aimed at optimizing scientific and scientific-organizational work. With designation of Alexander Dynkin as Director, the volume of expert-analytical notes and materials sent to the Administration of the President of Russia, the Security Council, the Government of the Russian Federation, to the relevant committees of the State Duma, ministries and departments has sharply increased. In 2007, the Institute sent a total of 65 analytical notes and materials to these bodies (38 in 2006), which served the purpose of the new Director to restore IMEMO’s position as Russia’s leading center of expertise in the field of modern world development. All these materials were prepared in reliance on a thorough analysis of the strategic, political and economic realities, providing for the national interests of Russia, which, as historical experience shows, do not always coincide with corporate interests of the ruling elite. The reports at the IMEMO Academic Council were devoted to the most important problems of the world and Russian economy, international relations, including the issues of strategic stability, and modern society of the West, the East and Russia. This article presents three reports, which, in the author’s opinion, remain relevant up to the present. The authors of these reports are Rostislav Kapelyushnikov and Alexey Arbatov.
Patient satisfaction toward doctor communication in medical clinics: a study from northern Sri Lanka
Authors: Ponnuthurai Shanjeeban , Navaneethakrishnan Suganthan , Nadarajah Rajeshkannan
Published: April 2024

A good medical practice involves good communication between the patient and the doctor. Inadequate communication is a significant factor in determining patients’ discontentment and frustration, which ultimately leads to poor healthcare quality. This is an outpatient clinic-based cross-sectional study, conducted among medical clinic patients in northern Sri Lanka. Data were collected systematically from randomly sampled patients. Of 407 patients who participated, the significant proportion (36.4%) were above the age group of 60 and 57.2% were females. The large proportion of patients (33.9%) had completed their tertiary education and most of the participants were unemployed (37.6%) or laborers (20.9%). The majority of patients (96.6%CI: 94.4–98.0%) were satisfied with the doctor communication. However, a significant proportion of patients reported that the doctor did not give time for further questions (44.1%). Furthermore, patients who were unaccompanied to the consultation showed higher satisfaction levels than those who attended with bystanders (P < 0.001). Longer waiting time was negatively associated with patients’ satisfaction levels (P = 0.008). Patients’ trust level regarding doctors was high, with a mean score of 8.82 with SD = 1.44 on a 1–10 scale. Trust-level scores varied significantly with the level of satisfaction regarding doctor communication (P < 0.001). In this study, patients’ satisfaction level regarding doctor communication skills was high. Waiting time and the presence of bystanders during the consultation were negatively associated with respect to satisfaction levels. Furthermore, patient satisfaction can be promoted by reducing the waiting time and addressing bystanders’ concerns.
Provision of a Home-Based Video-Assisted Therapy Program Is Noninferior to In-Person Hand Therapy After Thumb Carpometacarpal Arthroplasty
Authors: Barrett Patrick C. , Hackley Darren T. , Yu-Shan Andrea A. , Shumate Tracy G. , Larson Kathryn G. , Deneault Christopher R. , Bravo Cesar J. , Peterman Nicholas J. , Apel Peter J.
Published: April 2024

Background:

In-person hand therapy is commonly prescribed for rehabilitation after thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) arthroplasty but may be burdensome to patients because of the need to travel to appointments. Asynchronous, video-assisted home therapy is a method of care in which videos containing instructions and exercises are provided to the patient, without the need for in-person or telemedicine visits. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of providing video-only therapy (VOT) as compared with scheduled in-person therapy (IPT) after thumb CMC arthroplasty.

Methods:

We performed a single-site, prospective, randomized controlled trial of patients undergoing primary thumb CMC arthroplasty without an implant. The study included 50 women and 8 men, with a mean age of 61 years (range, 41 to 83 years). Of these, 96.6% were White, 3.4% were Black, and 13.8% were of Hispanic ethnicity. The primary outcome measure was the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Upper Extremity (UE) score. Subjects in the VOT group were provided with 3 videos of home exercises to perform. Subjects in the control group received standardized IPT with a hand therapist. Improvements in the PROMIS UE score from preoperatively to 12 weeks and 1 year postoperatively were compared.

Results:

Fifty-eight subjects (29 control, 29 experimental) were included in the analysis at the 12-week time point, and 54 (27 control, 27 experimental) were included in the analysis at the 1-year time point. VOT was noninferior to IPT for the PROMIS UE score at 12 weeks and 1 year postoperatively, with a difference of mean improvement (VOT − IPT) of 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], −3.6 to 6.6) and 2.2 (95% CI, −3.0 to 7.3), respectively, both of which were below the minimal clinically important difference (4.1). Patients in the VOT group potentially saved on average 201.3 miles in travel.

Conclusions:

VOT was noninferior to IPT for upper extremity function after thumb CMC arthroplasty. Time saved in commutes was considerable for those who did not attend IPT.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Impairment of FBXO31-mediated Ubiquitination of OGT Upregulates O-GlcNAcylation to Advance Endometrial Malignancy
Authors: Yuan Kai , Zhang Na , Meng Yang , Mao Song , Ni Huiling , Huang Canhua , Shen Licong , Fu Kun , Lv Lu , Yu Chunhong , Chen Fang , Zhang Yu
Published: April 2024

Aberrant O-GlcNAc cycling of the cancer proteome is a manifestation of its metabolic plasticity. As one of the most common cancer of the female genital tract associated with metabolic syndrome, endometrial cancer (EC) tissues often bear altered O-GlcNAcylation patterns. However, integration of O-GlcNAc status with existing histomorphologic and molecular subtypes of EC in large cohorts and identification of molecular modules controlling the O-GlcNAc homeostasis remain to be accomplished. Here we establish a positive correlation of O-GlcNAcylation with histologic grade of EC in a Chinese cohort containing 219 tumors and consolidate it in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) EC dataset. Higher O-GlcNAc level is associated with less pathological differentiation and poorer prognosis. Functionally, increasing O-GlcNAcylation promotes proliferation and stem-like cell properties in normal endometrial epithelial organoids (EE-Os), whereas decreasing O-GlcNAcylation limits the growth of endometrial cancer organoids (EC-Os). Using genome-wide CRISPR screen, we further identify that the F-box only protein 31 (FBXO31), whose loss of heterozygosity is frequently observed in cancer, regulates O-GlcNAc homeostasis. FBXO31 acts as a substrate receptor of the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex to ubiquitinate the O-GlcNAc transferase OGT. Loss of FBXO31 results in accumulation of OGT and upregulation of O-GlcNAcylation in EC. Our study highlights the O-GlcNAcylation as a useful stratification marker and potential therapeutic target for the advanced, poorly differentiated EC cases.
Musashi-2 (MSI2) regulation of DNA damage response in lung cancer
Authors: Bychkov Igor , Deneka Alexander , Topchu Iuliia , Pangeni Ragendra , Ismail Amr , Lengner Christopher , Karanicolas John , Golemis Erica , Makhov Peter , Boumber Yanis
Published: April 2024

Lung cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), typically caused by KRAS and TP53 driver mutations, represents the majority of all new lung cancer diagnoses. Overexpression of the RNA-binding protein (RBP) Musashi-2 (MSI2) has been associated with NSCLC progression. To investigate the role of MSI2 in NSCLC development, we compared the tumorigenesis in mice with lung-specific Kras-activating mutation and Trp53 deletion, with and without Msi2 deletion (KPM2 versus KP mice). KPM2 mice showed decreased lung tumorigenesis in comparison with KP mice. In addition, KPM2 lung tumors showed evidence of decreased proliferation, but increased DNA damage, marked by increased levels of phH2AX (S139) and phCHK1 (S345), but decreased total and activated ATM. Using cell lines from KP and KPM2 tumors, and human NSCLC cell lines, we found that MSI2 directly binds ATM mRNA and regulates its translation. MSI2 depletion impaired DNA damage response (DDR) signaling and sensitized human and murine NSCLC cells to treatment with PARP inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, we conclude that MSI2 supports NSCLC tumorigenesis, in part, by supporting repair of DNA damage by controlling expression of DDR proteins. These results suggest that targeting MSI2 may be a promising strategy for lung cancers treated with DNA-damaging agents.
A Microphysiological System for Studying Barrier Health of Live Tissues in Real Time
Authors: Chen Thomas , Way Ryan , Templeton Hayley , Ball Daniel , Cheng Ming-Hao , Tobet Stuart
Published: April 2024

Epithelial cells create barriers that protect many different components in the body from their external environment. The gut in particular carries bacteria and other infectious agents. A healthy gut epithelial barrier prevents unwanted substances from accessing the underlying lamina propria while maintaining the ability to digest and absorb nutrients. Increased gut barrier permeability, better known as leaky gut, has been linked to several chronic inflammatory diseases. Yet understanding the cause of leaky gut and developing effective interventions are still elusive due to the lack of tools to maintain tissue’s physiological environment while elucidating cellular functions under various stimuli ex vivo. This paper presents a microphysiological system capable of recording real-time barrier permeability of mouse gut tissues in a realistic physiological environment over extended durations. Key components of the microphysiological system include a microfluidic chamber designed to hold the live tissue explant and create a sufficient microphysiological environment to maintain tissue viability; proper media composition that preserves a microbiome and creates necessary oxygen gradients across the barrier; integrated sensor electrodes and supporting electronics for acquiring and calculating transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER); and a scalable system architecture to allow multiple chambers running in parallel for increased throughput. The experimental results demonstrate that the system can maintain tissue viability for up to 72 hours. The results also show that the custom-built and integrated TEER sensors are sufficiently sensitive to distinguish differing levels of barrier permeability when treated with collagenase and low pH media compared to control. Permeability variations in tissue explants from different positions in the intestinal tract were also investigated using TEER revealing their disparities in permeability. Finally, the results also quantitatively determine the effect of the muscle layer on total epithelial resistance.
Plasma Circulating Tumor DNA Sequencing Reveals the Landscape of Acquired Mutations in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Potential Predictive Value in Liquid Biopsy
Authors: Wu Xiaolin , Borchmann Sven , Heger Jan-Michel , Kasper Philipp , Li Jiahui , Bamberger Margaux , Gassa Asmae , Alakus Hakan , Odenthal Margarete , Drebber Uta , Altmüller Janine , Becker Kerstin , Stippel Dirk , Bruns Christiane J , Zhao Yue , Wahba Roger
Published: April 2024

Background
Recent advances in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis offer a promising approach for diagnosing and monitoring hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study focused on the potential clinical role of ctDNA analysis in HCC management.
Materials and methods:
Thirty patients with HCC and 10 with non-malignant liver disease were enrolled in this study. Circulating free nucleic acids, germline DNA, and tumor DNA (tDNA) from both blood samples and paraffin-embedded tumor biopsies were analyzed by a panel targeting 100 common HCC-related genes.
Results
The ctDNA mutations were identified in 66.6% of HCC patients. New ctDNA mutations were identified, among them NCOR2 having the highest frequency (13%), the same with classical mutation CTNNB1. Gene sets composed of several mutations in ctDNA have the potential to predict the prognosis of HCC. A higher proportion of concordant mutations was also detected in HCC patients with tumor vascular invasion (p=0.045). Combining the ctDNA mutations and the Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level revealed more diagnostic accuracy than either the mutations or AFP alone, with p-values of 0.028 and 0.009, respectively.
Conclusion
Liquid biopsy-based analysis of ctDNA mutations may offer considerable benefits to diagnostic systems for HCC.
A Novel Deep Learning Model with Optimized Sparrow Search for Efficient Plant Stress Identification
Authors: Kaur Manjit , kaur Upinder , Khalaf Osamah Ibrahim , Algburi Sameer , Hamam Habib
Published: April 2024

In the current economic climate, one of the biggest problems facing the agriculture industry is the accurate and real-timeidentification of biotic and abiotic plant stressors that impact crop yield. The upshot is that illness detection models can’t handlethe pressures of practical, real-time use. By stressing the significance of adapting deep learning models to the intricacies ofdisease-specific datasets, our research presented a fresh approach to solving this critical problem. We provide a novel hybridsparrow search method that can optimise deep convolutional neural network hyperparameters (CNNs). Consequently, themethod for detecting plant stress has become more accurate and precise. An unprecedented leap in model performance isachieved by DeepHSSA, which merges the exploratory dynamics of Sparrow Search with the adaptive procedures of Searchand Rescue Optimization. The robustness of DeepHSSA was evaluated in response to dynamic, real-time field circumstancesacross diverse agricultural landscapes in India using a comprehensive dataset consisting of seven abiotic stress indicators andseven biotic stress indicators. In comparison to more conventional models, DeepHSSA achieved an impressive accuracy rateof 99.94 percent.
Investigating the role of NF-Y transcription factors in the response to abiotic stresses between Vitis vinifera and Vitis amurensis
Authors: Lu Shixiong , Zhou Xueting , Huang Xu , Zeng Baozheng , Gou Huiming , Ma Weifeng , Ma Zonghuan , Mao Juan , Chen Bai-Hong
Published: April 2024

Nuclear factor Y transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in the response of plants to abiotic stresses. However, there is a lack of research on the comparative analysis of evolutionary relationship, real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR (RT-qPCR), and TFs functions of NF-Y TFs between Vitis vinifera (V. vinifera) and Vitis amurensis (V. amurensis). In this study, a total of 27 and 26 NF-Y TFs were identified in V. vinifera and V. amurensis, respectively, and were divided into 3 subgroups. Subcellular localization prediction revealed that the NF-Ys TFs were mainly located in the nucleus. Interestingly, the conserved five motif analysis showed that the NF-YB protein sequences were more conserved, whereas the amino acid sequences of NF-YA and NF-YC showed varying degrees of loss and gain in both species. Thus, these sequences may be closely related to the functions performed by grapevine. RT-qPCR analysis of ‘Pinot Noir’ and ‘Zuoyouhong’ plantlets demonstrated that the expression levels of VaNF-YA6, VaNF-YB5, VvNF-YA3, VvNF-YA5, and VvNF-YC2 were significantly upregulated under 400 mmol·L-1 NaCl and 10% PEG treatments. Consistently, subcellular localization showed that the VaNF-YA6-GFP fusion protein was functioned primarily in the nucleus. Overexpression of VaNF-YA6 in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) can significantly enhance the tolerance to salt and drought stresses by activating antioxidant enzyme activities in Arabidopsis.
Optimizing Multi-Spectral Ore Sorting: Incorporating Wavelength Selection Utilizing Neighborhood Component Analysis for Effective Arsenic Mineral Detection
Authors: Okada Natsuo , Nozaki Hiromasa , Nakamura Shinichiro , Manjate Elsa , Gebretsadik Angesom , Ohtomo Yoko , Arima Takahiko , Kawamura Youhei
Published: April 2024

Arsenic contamination not only complicates mineral processing but also poses environmental and health risks. To address these challenges, this research investigates the feasibility of utilizing Hyperspectral (HS) imaging combined with machine learning techniques for the identification of arsenic-containing minerals in copper ore samples, with a focus on practical application in sorting and processing operations. Through experimentation with various copper sulfide ores, Neighborhood Component Analysis (NCA) was employed to select essential wavelength bands from Hyperspectral data, subsequently used as inputs for machine learning algorithms to identify arsenic concentrations. Results demonstrate that by selecting a subset of informative bands using NCA, accurate mineral identification can be achieved with a significantly reduced the size of dataset, enabling efficient processing and analysis. Comparison with other band selection methods highlights the superiority of NCA in optimizing classification accuracy. Specifically, the identification accuracy exceeded 90% when utilizing 8 or more bands selected by NCA and was comparable to hyperspectral data analysis with 204 bands. The findings suggest potential for cost-effective implementation of multispectral cameras in mineral processing operations. Future research directions include refining machine learning algorithms, exploring broader applications across diverse ore types, and integrating hyperspectral imaging with emerging sensor technologies for enhanced mineral processing capabilities.