bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factores asociados a acoso sexual en mujeres venezolanas: análisis secundario. ENPOVE-2018
Authors:   , Tarco Perez Ana Karina , Choy Saavedra Carol Meylin
Published: June 2022

El impacto de la migración venezolana en Perú asociada al acoso en mujeres mayores de 18 años se relacionó a muchas interrogantes como la relación que hay entre reporte de acoso sexual y edad, estado civil, educación superior, región de procedencia, orientación sexual, situación migratoria, aspecto laboral y percepción de xenofobia. El estudio realizado fue de tipo transversal, mediante un análisis secundario de datos de la Encuesta Dirigida a la Población Venezolana que Reside en el Perú (ENPOVE-2018) considerando un total de 3290 mujeres. En la población estudiada se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre reporte de acoso sexual y las variables: ser mayor de dieciocho años, ser proveniente de la costa, ser de orientación sexual homosexual, contar con una situación migratoria ilegal, no tener compañía durante la migración, contar con trabajo, haber percibido xenofobia y no contar con el apoyo de una institución. Entre las conclusiones del estudio se destacan lo siguiente; existen factores asociados como el ser mayor de treinta años, ser proveniente de la sierra, ser de orientación heterosexual, no contar con un trabajo estable, tener una situación migratoria ilegal, estar acompañada durante la migración y contar con el apoyo de una institución; dichos factores disminuyeron la probabilidad de reportar acoso sexual, de tal manera fueron considerados como factores protectores. Además, el desconocimientos de las normas migratorias, de la estabilidad laboral, el estereotipo del cuerpo de las mujeres venezolanas, la conceptualización errada de la sociedad peruana aumentaron las probabilidades de reporte de acoso sexual.
Factores asociados al estrés del cuidador, en cuidadores de adultos mayores en situación de pandemia por SARS-COV-2 en una unidad de larga estancia de Lima - Perú
Authors:   , Aguilar Maita Lisbeth Arely , Aviles Orcon Raul Emilio
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados al estrés en los cuidadores de adultos mayores en situación de pandemia por SARS-COV-2 en una unidad de larga estancia de Lima-Perú. Materiales y Método: de corte transversal es el estudio en 62 cuidadores de ambos sexos mayores de dieciocho años que trabajan en la unidad de larga estancia del Hospital Militar Geriátrico en Lima-Perú. Se determinó variables en cuatro dimensiones (Sociodemográficas, relacionadas al trabajo, relacionadas al cuidador, y relacionadas al adulto mayor). Se recolectó información en base a encuestas entre diciembre 2021 y enero 2022, se realizó un análisis bivariado con pruebas estadísticas como Chi2 de Pearson, Test Exacto de Fisher y T de Student. Se utilizó una regresión logística para el cálculo de los Odds Ratios (OR) con intervalos de confianza de 95% y valores de p significativos menor a 0.05. Resultados: Del índice de Zarit se obtuvo que el 66.13% tienen una sobrecarga intensa y el 33.87% tienen ausencia de sobrecarga. De los análisis de Barthel se consiguió que el 48.39% del adulto mayor tengan una dependencia severa y el 4.84% una dependencia total. Del análisis de regresión logística se identificó variables con alta asociación al estrés del cuidador los cuales fueron: hijos dependientes del cuidador, horas de trabajo al día del cuidador, miedo del cuidador a infectarse por SARS-COV-2, ausencia de síntomas psicológicos y conductuales de la demencia del adulto mayor y el grado de dependencia según Barthel...
Asociación entre actividad física, calidad de sueño y comportamiento alimentario de estudiantes universitarios que reciben educación a distancia, semestre 2020-2
Authors:   , Taboada Ramirez Ximena Alexandra
Published: June 2022

Introducción: Últimamente ha habido un alarmante aumento de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles a nivel mundial. El COVID-19 obligó al mundo a adaptarse a una nueva rutina, incluidos los estudiantes universitarios. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre nivel de actividad física, calidad de sueño y comportamiento alimentario en estudiantes pertenecientes a cuatro carreras de una universidad privada de Lima que recibieron educación a distancia durante el segundo semestre del 2020. Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional, correlacional y de corte transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta virtual que comprendía la versión corta del Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física, el Índice de Calidad de Sueño de Pittsburgh y el Cuestionario de Comportamiento Alimentario, así como preguntas para evaluar cambios en el estilo de vida tras el brote de COVID-19. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 26. Resultados: Participaron 171 estudiantes, donde 84,8% (n=145) fueron mujeres y la edad promedio fue 21,78 años (±3,76). El 43,3% (n=74) de los estudiantes manifestaron un nivel de actividad física alto, mientras que 72,5% (n=124) presentaron mala calidad de sueño, y 94,7% (n=162) mostraron un comportamiento alimentario saludable. Se encontró una correlación negativa muy baja (p<0.001; rho= -.091) entre nivel de actividad física y calidad de sueño, una correlación positiva moderada (p<0.001; rho= .625) entre nivel de actividad física y comportamiento alimentario, y una correlación negativa muy baja (p<0.001; rho= -.133) entre calidad de sueño y comportamiento alimentario. Los estudiantes también reportaron cambios en los estilos de vida tras el brote de COVID-19. Conclusiones: A pesar que los estudiantes poseen un nivel de actividad física y comportamiento alimentario óptimo, la calidad de sueño es inadecuada.
Asociación entre la tolerancia a desinfectantes (Clorhexidina e isopropanol) y la resistencia antimicrobiana en cepas aisladas de Klebsiella Pneumoniae multirresistentes en Lima durante el 2021
Authors:   , Figueroa Felipa Sofia , Romero Rivadeneyra Sebastian
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la susceptibilidad a los desinfectantes, clorhexidina (CHX) e isopropanol (ISP), y su asociación con el patrón de resistencia antimicrobiana (RAm) en una colección de aislados clínicos de K.pneumoniae provenientes de distintas instituciones prestadoras de salud en Lima, Perú, conservadas en la Universidad Científica del Sur. Materiales y métodos: Se evaluó la susceptibilidad a desinfectantes mediante microdilución para determinar la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI). El rango testado fue de 8-256 ug/mL para CHX y de 8 a 256 mg/mL para ISP. Los niveles de resistencia antimicrobiana se evaluaron mediante el método de difusión en disco, a excepción de la colistina que fue por microdilución. Para evaluar la presencia de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE), tecnica fenotipica (CLSI). Resultados: En el análisis de regresión bivariado, se encontró una asociación significativa entre el log2 de las CMI de ISP y presencia de BLEE en los aislados (ß=0.94; IC95%: 0,24, 1,65; R2=0,1177). Dicha asociación se mantuvo significativa (ß ajustado=0,83; IC95%: 0,08, 1,58; R2=0,1546) luego de ajustar por la procedencia del aislado según hospital (público vs. privado), área (UCI vs hospitalización) y zona (COVID-19 vs. No COVID-19). Conclusiones: La resistencia a CHX e ISP en las instituciones prestadoras de salud de Lima, Perú es altamente variable y podría estar elevada. Parámetros internacionales para la medición de la tolerancia a biocidas son imprescindibles para establecer futuras intervenciones que permitan la vigilancia y mitiguen la tolerancia a biocidas.
Estudio bibliométrico sobre atonía uterina en América Latina: 1985-2019
Authors:   , Silencio Lamas Arahanza Isabel , Vilca Najarro Ingrid Melany
Published: June 2022

La atonía uterina se considera la principal causante de hemorragia post parto, la cual es la complicación gineco-obstétrica de mayor muerte materna a nivel mundial. Sin embargo, las publicaciones referentes a esta temática no son abundantes en América Latina. Objetivo: Se busca establecer los determinantes bibliométricos de la producción científica sobre el tema de atonía uterina en América Latina en el período 1985 – 2019. Método: Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico de artículos de investigación sobre atonía uterina en América Latina. Dicha indagación literaria se basa en fuentes de relevancia científica como Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, desde el año 1985 hasta el 2019, analizados con el programa VOSviewer versión 1.6.12. y Microsoft Excel. Resultados: Se encontraron 30 estudios considerados para el análisis bibliométrico, se evidencia que México, es la sede de mayor número de estudios sobre atonía uterina, dado que representa el 26,67%, seguido por Brasil y Colombia con un 13,33% respectivamente. En el análisis de redes se determina que una de las principales autoras que abarca este tema es Beverly Winikoff; sin embargo, no ha tenido mucho impacto dentro de los últimos años debido a que no posee publicaciones recientes. Conclusiones: Mediante la técnica bibliométrica se concluye que la coexistencia entre los avances de la ciencia en América Latina, la productividad de los investigadores y el régimen en el que se provee la información es escasa, puesto que al detallar el origen que mantuvieron los estudios o artículos considerados, los resultados reflejaron que en la revisión bibliométrica América Latina no tiene representatividad en este tema.
Factores asociados a insomnio en médicos del Centro Médico Naval del Perú durante la pandemia por COVID-19
Authors:   , Labarthe Pareja Joaquin , D'Angelo Diener Christian
Published: June 2022

Introducción: Debido a la pandemia del Coronavirus (Covid-19), la sobrecarga laboral en el personal de salud ha incrementado; lo cual trajo como consecuencia un aumento en la demanda de esta profesión en los centros de salud; alterando las funciones afectivas, cognitivas, así como también provocando trastornos del sueño. El objetivo de este estudio es visualizar desde un punto de vista académico, el impacto y magnitud con la que ha sido afectada la calidad de sueño de los profesionales de salud, además de los factores asociados a trastornos del sueño en los mismos. Métodos: El diseño del estudio es observacional, analítico y retrospectivo. Se analizó la base de datos de un estudio titulado “Frecuencia de trastorno de estrés postraumático en Médicos del Centro Médico Naval 2021”, mediante una ficha de recolección de datos. Resultados: Se incluyó un total de 57 datos de médicos residentes y/o asistentes, 68.4% de sexo masculino, 20% médicos residentes, presentando somnolencia anómala en el 84.21% de participantes. Conclusión: Se demostró que la pandemia y el estrés causado por la misma, generó un efecto negativo en el sueño de los médicos del estudio.
Inversión pública en infraestructura de transporte y el bienestar económico en los residentes del distrito de Punta Hermosa 2015-2019
Authors:   , Gomez Juro Edison , Contreras Sauñe Tino Anderson
Published: June 2022

Esta investigación implica determinar de qué manera la inversión pública en infraestructura de transporte es un referente en la percepción del bienestar económico de los residentes del distrito de Punta Hermosa, en relación al nivel de empleo, nivel de ingresos y clima de inversión durante los años comprendidos entre el 2015 y 2019. La metodología empleada para el desarrollo de esta investigación es de diseño no experimental con tipo de alcance básico y un enfoque cuantitativo. Para la recolección de datos se empleó la técnica de revisión documental para la variable independiente (Inversión pública en infraestructura de transporte); mientras que, para la variable dependiente (Bienestar económico) se utilizó el cuestionario de encuesta, el cual se aplicó a una muestra aleatoria de 375 personas que residen en distrito de Punta Hermosa. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron aceptar las hipótesis planteadas para las tres dimensiones del bienestar económico (Nivel de empleo, nivel de ingresos y clima de inversión), puesto que, el mayor porcentaje de residentes considera a la inversión pública en infraestructura de transporte como referente en la percepción del bienestar económico. En tal sentido, a medida que haya un incremento en la inversión pública en infraestructura de transporte, este será un buen referente en la percepción del bienestar económico.
Evaluación de los efectos cardiorrespiratorios y de temperatura en conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus) expuestos a dos protocolos anestésicos
Authors:   , Portilla Bisso Gerardo Manuel
Published: June 2022

Los conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus) se presentan con más frecuencia en los consultorios, presentan algunas particularidades asociadas a su fisiología y anatomía como que tienen un metabolismo muy rápido, se estresan con facilidad, no ayunan y tienen una cavidad oral muy pequeña (Portilla, 2019, Vilcahumán, 2018). El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos de dos protocolos anestésicos: isoflurano y ketamina-midazolam, sobre la respuesta cardiorrespiratoria y la temperatura corporal en conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus). El grupo de estudio estuvo conformado por diez conejos machos de la raza Nueva Zelanda, mayores de 4 meses de edad y con peso entre 2.5 y 3 kg, provenían de la Granja Conejo Blanco en Pachacamac y los experimentos se desarrollaron en la Clínica de Animales Menores de la facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Científica del Sur (CIENTÍFICA). Los conejos se distribuyeron siguiendo un diseño completamente al azar considerando dos tratamientos experimentales. Tratamiento 1: 5 conejos sometidos al protocolo a base de isoflurano y tratamiento 2: 5 conejos sometidos al protocolo a base de ketamina-midazolam. Las variables a estudiar fueron de dos tipos, variables dependientes; frecuencia cardiaca, frecuencia respiratoria, saturación de oxígeno, temperatura y presión arterial, variables independientes; tipo de protocolo, protocolo 1: MPA: Acepromacina + tramadol, inducción: isoflurano y mantenimiento: isoflurano, protocolo 2: MPA: acepromacina + tramadol, inducción: ketamina/midazolam y mantenimiento: ketamina. Los datos del estudio fueron tabulados en Microsoft Excel 2013, se utilizó la prueba Kolgomorov-Smirnov para determinar la distribución de los valores y la prueba de Levene para la homogeneidad de varianza del peso de los conejos, luego se realizó la prueba de T Student para igualdad de medias del peso de los conejos y la pueba Chi cuadrado. Finalmente se utilizó el programa ANOVA para la estadística descriptiva y la diferencia significativa...
Guía de práctica clínica para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de pacientes con neuropatía diabética en el tercer nivel de atención
Authors:   , Delgadillo Arredondo Dana Carolina , Mogollon Milla Marycarmen Carolina
Published: June 2022

Introducción: El trabajo de investigación detalla la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de pacientes con neuropatía diabética periférica (NDP) en el Perú. Objetivo: Proporcionar recomendaciones basadas en evidencia científica actual disponible, para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de NDP. Métodos: El grupo que elaboró la guía estuvo conformado por médicos especialistas en su rama y expertos metodólogos. Se desarrollaron 12 preguntas clínicas que han sido respondidas por la guía. El grupo elaborador realizó la búsqueda y selección de guías de NDP durante el periodo de mayo – julio del 2020 en el que se priorizaron guías publicadas a partir del año 2016. La evaluación de todas las guías identificadas se hizo mediante el instrumento “Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II” (AGREE. II), siendo seleccionadas solo aquellas guías que obtuvieron un puntaje aprobatorio de calidad “mayor al 60%” en los “dominios 1 y 3”, posteriormente la calidad de la evidencia de las guías seleccionadas se evaluó empleando la metodología “Grading of Recommendatios Assessment, Development and Evaluation” (“GRADE”). En consecutivas reuniones con el grupo de expertos clínicos, se evaluó la evidencia y se adoptaron las recomendaciones, los “puntos de buenas prácticas clínicas”, criterios de “aplicabilidad y aceptabilidad”. Resultados: La guía consta 12 “preguntas clínicas”, distribuidas en 2 grupos: diagnóstico y tratamiento. En respuesta a estas preguntas clínicas se adoptaron 17 recomendaciones (9 “recomendaciones fuertes a favor”, 3 “condicionales a favor”, 1 “condicional en contra” y 4 “puntos de buena práctica clínica”), 2 flujogramas y 1 infografía. Conclusión: El trabajo de investigación corresponde al resumen de la “GPC para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de pacientes con NDP”, mediante la búsqueda de evidencia científica actual para su implementación en los recursos existentes de nuestro contexto.
Factores que limitan la aplicación del proceso de atención de enfermería en el Hospital Maria Auxiliadora, San Juan de Miraflores 2020
Authors:   , Gallegos Trebejo Angelli Araceli
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: Identificar los factores que limitan la aplicación del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería en el Hospital María Auxiliadora, San Juan de Miraflores 2020. Metodología: El estudio fue de tipo aplicada, descriptiva, cuantitativa, no experimental y transversal, con una población de 212 y una muestra de 137 profesionales de enfermería, la técnica fue una encuesta y el instrumento un cuestionario el cual fue validado mediante un juicio de expertos y con una confiabilidad de 0.701. Resultados: El 93% fue del sexo femenino y 7% del sexo masculino. 56% tienen de 31 a 45 años, 31% de 24 a 31 años y 12% de 46 a 65 años. En los factores internos un 63% no había asistido a un curso sobre el PAE, 37% refiere que su jefe no motiva al personal para la mejora. En los factores externos un 100% refiere que no existe un plan de capacitación sobre el PAE, 88% dedica mayor tiempo a la labor asistencial que administrativa, 75% tiene sobrecarga de pacientes, 75% no cuenta con tiempo necesario para su aplicación y un 69% no cuenta con registros adecuados en su servicio. Conclusiones: Se tuvo una población 93% femenina y una edad de 31 a 45 años. Los factores internos y externos que limitan la aplicación del PAE son: el conocimiento, motivación, políticas institucionales de apoyo, recursos humanos, organización de tiempo, plan de capacitación.
Habilidades directivas de los gerentes en las agencias turísticas del distrito de Cajamarca - 2018
Authors:   , Chuquimango Vallejos Teodelinda Celina
Published: June 2022

El fundamento de la tesis fue Analizar las habilidades que demuestran los directivos en la conducción de las empresas del rubro turístico del distrito Cajamarca en el transcurso del año 2018. Por consiguiente, para el desenvolvimiento de la investigación, se toma como muestra de 38 gerentes de las agencias turísticas del distrito de Cajamarca. La investigación tiene un nivel aplicado de tipo descriptivo cuantitativo, el método utilizado es el analítico, fue un estudio de en su forma transversal y no experimental de modo que permitió estudiar en profundidad la variable habilidades directivas y sus dimensiones, el instrumentos de para la provisión de los datos fue el cuestionario semi estructurado cuya valides fue corroborada por jueces expertos, para la confiabilidad de herramientas a utilizar tomaremos como referencia el coeficiente Alfa Cronbach un valor de 0,79 determinando una alta confiabilidad del instrumento aplicado. El estudio identifica entre otros aspectos que los gerentes en las agencias turísticas del distrito de Cajamarca durante el año 2018 en un 79% poseen una calificación media y el 21% una calificación alta respecto a sus habilidades directivas, de igual modo se estima respecto a la habilidad personal que el 37% de los directivos lograron una calificación media y un 63% muestran una calificación baja; respecto a las habilidad interpersonal en 84% los directivos alcanzan una calificación alta y en 16% de los casos una calificación media y finalmente respecto a habilidad grupal un 87% de los directivos presenta un alto nivel y 13% a un nivel medio.
Dynamic changes of emergency visits: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Liu Qihui , Xin Ranran , Zhao Yibo , Yu Muming , Jin Chunjie , Shou Songtao , Chai Yanfen , Jin Heng
Published: June 2022

Background: With more emergency visits, there is increasing pressure to provide emergency medical services globally and locally. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and the disease spectrum of patients presenting in the last three years to the Department of Emergency Medicine of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Tianjin, China, to improve the services of the emergency medicine department.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all patients in the Department of Emergency Medicine of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from Jan 1, 2017, 00:00:00 to Dec 31, 2020, 23:59:59, including variables like medical record number, gender, age, date of admission, principal diagnosis. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software; statistical charts were prepared by GraphPad Prism9.0 and SPSS 20.0; statistical tables were made by Microsoft Excel.Results: A total of 1,314,916 patients presented to the Department of Emergency Medicine of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from Jan 1, 2017, 00:00:00 to Dec 31, 2020, 23:59:59. In terms of gender distribution, the male-female ratio was 0.78∶1. As for age distribution, patients aged 60-69 were the most (23.47%), and patients younger than 20 years were the least (2.80%). Concerning monthly data, the number of visits peaked during January and December. The distribution of daily visits showed the feature of three highs and a low. The top three prevalence diseases in the emergency disease spectrum were respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive diseases. The respiratory system was the most common in patients with infectious diseases (200912, accounting for 86.97%). Among the patients suffering from infectious diseases, the number of patients with respiratory infections peaked in 2019 (73,530) and was the lowest in 2020 (20,078).Conclusions: From 2017 to 2019, the demand for emergency services in Tianjin Medical University General Hospital continued to increase, but it was greatly affected by COVID-19 in 2020. This emergency department is mainly for patients with respiratory system, circulatory system and digestive system diseases, and its treatment time is relatively centralized. The prevention of diseases for people of all ages, especially female patients and the elderly, should be strengthened, and emergency medical resources should be allocated reasonably according to the peak months and crowed periods of patients.
Temporary ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic first wave: Description of the cohort at a French centre
Authors: Zappella Nathalie , Dirani Chadi , Jacob Brice Lortat , Tanaka Sébastien , Kantor Elie , Kalai Adnan El , Rkik Yassine , Cheron Aurélie Gouel , Dinh Alexy Tran , Montravers Philippe
Published: June 2022

Background: During the COVID-19 first wave in France, the capacity of intensive care unit (ICU) beds almost doubled, mainly because of the opening of temporary ICUs with staff and equipment from anaesthesia.Objectives: We aim to investigate if the initial management in temporary ICU is associated with a change in ICU mortality and short-term prognosis.Design: retrospective single-centre cohort study.Setting: surgical ICU of the Bichat Claude Bernard University Hospital during the COVID-19 “first wave” (from 18 March to 10 April 2020).Patients: all consecutive patients older than 18 years of age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or typical radiological patterns were included during their first stay in the ICU for COVID-19.Intervention: patients were admitted to a temporary ICU if no room was available in the classical ICU and if they needed MV but no RRT or ECMO in the short term. The temporary ICUs were managed by mixed teams (from the ICU and anaesthesiology departments) following a common protocol and staff meetings.Main outcome measure: ICU mortalityResults: among the 59 patients admitted, 37 (62.7%) patients had initial management in the temporary ICU. They had the same characteristics on admission and the same medical management as patients admitted to the classical ICU. ICU mortality was similar in the 2 groups (32.4% in temporary ICUs versus 40.9% in classical ICUs; p=0.58). SAPS-II and ECMO use were associated with mortality in multivariate analysis but not admission to the temporary ICU.Conclusion: In an overload context of the ICU of a geographical area, our temporary ICU model allowed access to intensive care for all patients requiring it without endangering them.Trial registration: N/A
High-resolution genome topology of human retina uncovers super enhancer-promoter interactions at tissue-specific and multifactorial disease loci
Authors: Swaroop Anand , Marchal Claire , Singh Nivedita , Batz Zachary , Advani Jayshree , Jaeger Catherine , Corso-Diaz Ximena
Published: June 2022

Chromatin organization and enhancer-promoter contacts establish unique spatiotemporal gene expression patterns in distinct cell types. Non-coding genetic variants can influence cellular phenotypes by modifying higher-order transcriptional hubs and consequently gene expression. To elucidate genomic regulation in human retina, we mapped chromatin contacts at high resolution and integrated with super-enhancers (SEs), histone marks, binding of CTCF and select transcription factors. We show that topologically associated domains (TADs) with central SEs exhibit stronger insulation and augmented contact with retinal genes relative to TADs with edge SEs. Merging genome-wide eQTLs with topology map reveals functional links between 100 eQTLs and corresponding eGenes associated with retinal neurodegeneration. Additionally, we uncover candidate genes for susceptibility variants linked to age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma. Our study of high-resolution genomic architecture of human retina provides new insights into genetic control of tissue-specific functions, suggests paradigms for missing heritability, and enables the dissection of common blinding disease phenotypes.
Simultaneously mapping loci related to two plant architecture traits by Phenotypic Recombination BSA/BSR in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: LI Yaoyao , Yu Xiaona , CUI Xinyuan , WANG Xianheng , LI Jihua , Rui GUO , YAN Fanzhuang , ZHANG Shaojing , Zhao Ruihua , SONG Danlei , SI Tong , ZOU Xiaoxia , WANG Yuefu , ZHANG Xiaojun
Published: June 2022

BSA-seq has been widely used for identifying the genomic regions affecting a certain trait. In this study, we developed a modified BSA/BSR-seq method, which we named Phenotypic Recombination BSA/BSR (PR-BSA/BSR), to simultaneously identify candidate genomic regions associated with two traits in a segregating population. Lateral branch angle (LBA) and flower-branch pattern (FBP) are two important traits associated with the peanut plant architecture because they affect the planting density and light use efficiency. We generated an F6 population (with two segregating traits) derived from a cross between the inbred lines Pingdu9616 (erect and sequential; ES-type) and Florunner (spreading and alternating; SA-type). The selection of bulks with extreme phenotypes was a key step in this study. Specifically, 30 individuals with recombinant phenotypes [i.e., spreading and sequential (SS-type) and erect and alternating (EA-type)] were selected to generate two bulks. The transcriptomes of individuals were sequenced and then the loci related to LBA and FBP were simultaneously detected via a ΔSNP-index strategy, which involved the direction of positive and negative peaks in the ∆SNP-index plot. The LBA-related locus was mapped to a 6.82 Mb region (101,743,223–108,564,267 bp) on chromosome B05, whereas the FBP-related locus was mapped to a 2.16 Mb region (117,682,534–119,846,824 bp) on chromosome B02. Furthermore, the marker-based classical QTL mapping method was used to analyze the PF–F6 population, which confirmed our PR-BSA/BSR results. Therefore, the PR-BSA/BSR method produces accurate and reliable data.
Effect of interval between oocyte retrieval and resuscitation embryo transfer on pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Wan Qi , Chen Ming-Xing , Wang Xue-Jiao , Tan Li , Yu Hui-Jun , LV Xing-Yu , Zhong Zhao-Hui , Tang Xiao-Jun , Ding Yu-Bin , Li Yuan
Published: June 2022

Resuscitation transfer of embryos after cryopreservation is gaining popularity worldwide due to higher implantation rates. This method separates oocyte retrieval from embryo transfer. The optimal time for frozen embryo transfer (FET) remains unknown. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the difference in pregnancy outcomes between patients who underwent immediate FET and delayed FET. We analyzed real-world data of patients who underwent resuscitation transplantation between October 2019 and July 2021 at the Reproductive Center of Chengdu Jinjiang Hospital for Women’s and Children’s Health. Propensity score matching was applied to control for potential confounding factors. A total 5549 patients who received at least one FET were analyzed. Patients transplanted within 60 days of oocyte retrieval were included in the immediate FET group (n = 1265) and those transplanted > 60 days after retrieval were included in the delayed FET group (n = 4284). After propensity score matching, live birth rates between the two groups were comparable (45.25% vs. 45.76%, p = 0.757). Moreover, no difference was observed in the rates of biochemical pregnancy (64.50% vs. 66.80%), clinical pregnancy (55.24% vs. 56.83%), ectopic pregnancy (1.47% vs. 1.39%), early miscarriage (14.41% vs. 16.20%), late miscarriage (2.21% vs. 2.09%), singleton premature delivery (16.67% vs. 18.29%), and neonatal deformity (1.97% vs. 1.80%). After stratifying the patients based on the type of embryo transferred, number of embryos transferred, FET protocol, and good prognosis criteria, live birth rates were still comparable between the two groups after propensity score matching (p > 0.05). In conclusion, pregnancy outcomes were comparable between the immediate and delayed FET groups.
Should multiple imputation be stratified by exposure group when estimating causal effects via outcome regression in observational studies?
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Dashti Ghazaleh , Carlin John , Lee Katherine , Moreno-Betancur Margarita
Published: June 2022

Background: Despite recent advances in causal inference methods, outcome regression remains the most widely used approach for estimating causal effects in epidemiological studies with a single-point exposure and outcome. Missing data are common in these studies, and complete-case analysis (CCA) and multiple imputation (MI) are two frequently used methods for handling them. In randomised controlled trials (RCTs), it has been shown that MI should be conducted separately by treatment group. In observational studies, causal inference is now understood as the task of emulating an RCT, which raises the question of whether MI should be conducted by exposure group in such studies. Methods: We addressed this question by evaluating the performance of seven methods for handling missing data when estimating causal effects with outcome regression. Based on an illustrative case study from the Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study, we conducted an extensive simulation study assessing a range of scenarios, including seven outcome generation models with exposure-confounder interactions of differing strength. Results: The results showed that MI by exposure group led to the least bias, followed by MI approaches that included the exposure-confounder interaction. Conclusions: These findings suggest that current practice for the conduct of MI in causal inference may need to shift to stratifying by exposure group where feasible, or otherwise including exposure-confounder interactions in the imputation model.
Developing and Validating a Machine Learning Prognostic Model for Alerting to Imminent Deterioration of Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19
Authors: Kogan Yuri , Robinson Ari , Itelman Edward , Bar-Nur Yeonatan , Jakobson Daniel Jorge , Segal Gad , Agur Zvia
Published: June 2022

We developed and validated a new approach, embodied in a new machine learning-based model, for sequentially monitoring hospitalized COVID-19 patients and directing professional attention to patients whose deterioration is imminent. We used real-world patient data for model development (598 prediction events for 210 patients), internal validation (315 prediction events for 97 patients), and external validation (1373 prediction events for 307 patients). We found significant divergence in longitudinal values of eight routinely collected blood parameters appearing several days before deterioration. Our model extracts these worsening signals to predict the personal likelihood of transition from non-severe to severe status within a well-specified short time window. We validated the model's prediction accuracy internally (ROC AUC of 0.8 and 0.79) and externally (ROC AUC of 0.7 and 0.73) for prediction scopes of 48 hours or 96 hours, respectively. Results suggest that it is possible to predict the deterioration of non-severe COVID-19 patients within a short time window by eight routine blood parameters. A prospective clinical study and an impact assessment will allow the implementation of this model as a clinical decision support system to improve care, streamline resources and ease hospital burden by timely focusing the medical attention on potentially deteriorating patients.
Bag of Visual Words (BoVW) with Deep Features - Patch Classification Model for Limited Dataset of Breast Tumours
Authors: Tripathi Suvidha , Singh Satish Kumar , Lee Hwee Kuan
Published: June 2022

Currently, the computational complexity limits the training of high resolution gigapixel images using Convolutional Neural Networks. Therefore, such images are divided into patches or tiles. Since, these high resolution patches are encoded with discriminative information therefore; CNNs are trained on these patches to perform patch-level predictions. It is a most sought-after approach for solving gigapixel classification and segmenta-tion problems. Patch level predictions could also be used to detect new regions in the biopsy samples taken from the same patient at the same site. In other words, once the patient slide has been trained with the model, biopsy samples taken at a later stage to find whether the tumour 1 Springer Nature 2021 L A T E X template Bag of Visual Words (BoVW) with Deep Features-Patch Classification has spread could be tested using the trained model. However, the problem with patch-level prediction is that pathologist generally annotates at image-level and not at patch level. Therefore, certain patches within the image, since not annotated finely by the experts, may not contain enough class-relevant features. Moreover, standard CNN generate a high dimensional feature set per image, if we train CNN just by patch level, it may pick up features specific to the training set and hence, not generalizable. Through this work, we tried to incorporate patch descriptive capability within the deep framework by using Bag of Visual Words (BoVW) as a kind of regularisation to improve generalizability. BoVW-a traditional handcrafted feature descriptor is known to show good descriptive capability along with feature interpretability. Using this hypothesis, we aim to build a patch based classifier to discriminate between four classes of breast biopsy image patches (normal, benign, In situ carcinoma, invasive carcinoma) in respect to better patch discriminative features embedded within the classification pipeline. The aim is to incorporate quality deep features using CNN to describe relevant information in the images while simultaneously discarding irrelevant information using Bag of Visual Words (BoVW). The proposed method passes patches obtained from WSI and microscopy images through pre-trained CNN to extract features. BoVW is used as a feature selector to select most discriminative features among the CNN features. Finally, the selected feature sets are classified as one of the four classes. The hybrid model provides flexibility in terms of choice of pre-trained models for feature extraction. Moreover , the pipeline is end-to-end since it does not require post processing of patch predictions to select discriminative patches. We compared our observations with state-of-the-art methods like ResNet50, DenseNet169, and InceptionV3 on the BACH-2018 challenge dataset. Our proposed method shows better performance than all the three methods.
Characterizing and Predicting Response to Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Eyes with Retinal Vein Occlusion in Routine Clinical Practice
Authors: Kailar Roshni , Perkins Scott , Kuo Blanche , Singh Rishi
Published: June 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Is it important to evaluate the demographic characteristics and radiological findings of patients who have micro calcific lesions in the breast with biopsy results in the decision of excision?
Authors: Bulut Nilufer , Dagıstanlı Sevinc , Sonmez Suleyman
Published: June 2022

Introduction
The B3 lesions of the breast with unknown malignant potential are common in practice (3–21%). Although these lesions have a low malignant potential (0.2-5%), they are evaluated with biopsy due to the risk of invasive carcinoma.
Material-Methods
The compliance of mammography, ultrasonography, and pathological data of 109 patients who had micro calcifications between January 2018 and March 2021 were analyzed retrospectively; and micro calcification sizes and histological types were recorded.
Results
The mean age of the patients was found to be 46.86 ± 9.65, and the mean overall size of the micro calcification was 13.78 ± 6.51 mm. When the compliance of B3 lesions of the breast with malignancy was evaluated, it was found that 74% were compatible, but 25.9% were incompatible. A total of 11.1% of these lesions were up-grade. Malignant potential was more in Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia (ADH) in postmenopausal patients who were older than 47 years (p = 0.002).
Conclusion
Although micro calcifications require excisional biopsy in advanced-age and postmenopausal patients because of the up-grade risk, other benign lesions can be followed with imaging methods and fine needle biopsies.
A predictive model of summer debris flows using machine learning techniques
Authors: Ponziani Michel , Ponziani Denise , Giorgi Andrea , Stevenin Hervé , Ratto Sara Maria
Published: June 2022

The Alpine region of Aosta Valley has an early warning system to issue hydrogeological alerts up to 36 hours in advance based on the output of hydrological models and rainfall thresholds. However, those thresholds generally do not apply to summer debris flows, which can also be triggered by intense rainfalls of short duration, with cumulative precipitation lower than 20 mm. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a specific predictive debris-flow model, which takes into account other possible triggering factors. In this study, we have developed a predictive model for debris flows with machine learning techniques, using a detailed dataset composed by a variety of geomorphological and hydro-meteorological variables. The variables of the dataset were collected from daily measured and modelled data for all of the 91 drainage basins in which at least one debris-flow event was generated during the time period considered in this study (2009–2019). The performance of the model, using different machine learning techniques, was evaluated and the most suitable model was chosen to be experimentally implemented in the existing early warning system of the region. The output of the model provides a debris-flow probability (DFP) for individual basins computed from the geomorphological and hydro-meteorological input variables.
Comparison of Walking with a Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis and a Knee Powered Lower Limb Exoskeleton in People with Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized, Crossover Clinical Trial
Authors: Rodríguez-Fernández Antonio , Lobo-Prat Joan , Tarragó Rafael , Chaverri Diego , Iglesias Xavier , Guirao-Cano Lluis , Font-Llagunes Josep M.
Published: June 2022

Recovering the ability to stand and walk independently can have numerous health benefits for people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Wearable exoskeletons are being considered as a promising alternative to conventional knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFOs) for gait training and assisting functional mobility. However, comparisons between these two types of devices in terms of gait biomechanics and energetics have been limited. Through a randomized, crossover clinical trial, this study compared the use of a knee powered lower limb exoskeleton (the ABLE Exoskeleton) against passive orthoses (KAFOs), which are the current standard of care for verticalization and gait ambulation outside the clinical setting in people with SCI. Ten patients with SCI completed a 10-session gait training program with each device followed by user satisfaction questionnaires. Walking with the ABLE Exoskeleton improved gait kinematics compared to the KAFOs, providing a more physiological gait pattern with less compensatory movements (38% reduction of circumduction, 25% increase of step length, 29% improvement in weight shifting). However, participants did not exhibit significantly better results in walking performance for the standard clinical tests (Timed Up and Go, 10-Meter Walk Test, and 6-Minute Walk Test), nor significant reductions in energy consumption. These results suggest that providing powered assistance only on the knee joints is not enough to significantly reduce the energy consumption required by people with SCI to walk compared to passive orthoses. Active assistance on the hip or ankle joints seems necessary to achieve this outcome.
Monotone Ratio theorem convergence rate and its consequences in the theory of continuous-time Markov branching systems
Authors: Imomov Azam , Murtazaev Misliddin
Published: June 2022

We consider a critical homogeneous-continuous-time Markov branching process, i.e. the average value of the branching rate is one. Our basic assumption is that an infinitesimal generating function of the process regularly varies, in which slowly varying factor varies at infinity with remainder. We essentially rely on the improved version of the Basic Lemma of the critical Markov branching process theory. First we establish a convergence rate in the Monotone ratio theorem. Subsequently we prove a local-convergence limit theorem on the asymptotic expansion of transition probabilities and their convergence to the invariant measure.
Role of MicroRNA in Hydroxyurea mediated HbF induction in Sickle cell anaemia patients
Authors: Kargutkar Neha , Sawant-Mulay Madhavi , Hariharan Priya , Shainmukhay Chandrakala , Nadkarni Anita
Published: June 2022

Background:Hydroxyurea (HU) is found to be beneficial in Sickle cell Anaemia (SCA) patients, due to its ability to increase foetal haemoglobin (HbF), however, patients show a variable response. Differences in HbF levels are attributed to many factors; but, the role of miRNA in HbF regulation is sparsely investigated.Materials and Methods:In this study, we evaluated the effect of miRNA expression on HbF induction in relation to hydroxyurea therapy in 30 normal controls, 30 SCA patients at baseline, 20 patients after 3 and 6 months of hydroxyurea (HU) therapy. HbF levels were measured by HPLC. Total RNA and miRNA were extracted from CD71+ erythroid cells and the expression was determined using Taqman probes. Results:The mean HbF level increased 7.54 ±2.44 fold, after 3 months of HU therapy. After the HU therapy 8 miRNAs were significantly up-regulated while 2 were down-regulated. The increase in miR-210, miR16-1, and miR-29a expression and decrease in miR-96 expression were strongly associated with the HU mediated HbF induction. Post HU therapy, decreased miR-96 expression was observed; which might be due to interference of miR-96 binding to g-globin mRNA by HU, facilitating HbF expression. The miR-210 expression was enhanced in association with erythroid differentiation and induction to HbF production. Conclusions:The study suggests the role of miR-210, miR16-1, miR-29a, and miR-96 in g-globin gene regulation leading to HbF induction. Identification of the relevant protein targets might be useful for understanding the HU mediated HbF induction.
Ciguatera poisoning trace-back in Europe leads to a novel ciguatoxin-3C group characterization from the Indian Ocean
Authors: Loeffler Christopher , Spielmeyer Astrid , Blashke Vincent , Bodi Dorina , Kappenstein Oliver
Published: June 2022

The consumption of seafood containing marine biotoxins called ciguatoxins (CTXs) can result in ciguatera poisoning (CP), a globally prevalent seafood-born human illness. Since 2015 isolated and mass outbreaks of CP have occurred along the southwestern coast of India, however, no attributable CTXs have yet been identified. Herein, several CTXs are described in an often marketed snapper species (Lutjanus bohar) from southwest India. CTX3C-group compounds were identified by LC-MS/MS with a toxicity range of 0.79-5.39 ng CTX3C equivalent (eq.) g-1 wet tissue eq., as determined by an in vitro cell (Neuro-2a) assay. Samples investigated were part of a 7,000 kg international shipment of frozen snapper product imported into the European Union and subsequently implicated in a 2020 CP outbreak in the Netherlands. The identification of CTX3C-group toxins in fish originating from coastal India suggests a re-evaluation of the current understanding of CTXs associated CP with seafood from the Indian Ocean region.
The Use of Angelica Sinensis and ß-Tricalcium Phosphate in the Management of Surgically Induced Critical-sized Class Ii Furcation Defects in Dogs
Authors: Eldeeb Dina W. , Hommos Ahmed M. , Taalab Maha R. , Rehim Samia S. Abd El
Published: June 2022

Objective: Evaluating the effectiveness of Angelica sinensis, a widely used traditional Chinese medicine, in conjunction with Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) bone graft in the management of induced critical sized class II furcation defects in dogs.Materials and Methods: A randomized study design was conducted on the third and fourth premolars of six healthy mongrel dogs. A total of twenty-four class II furcation critical-sized defects were surgically created. After reflecting a fully-reflected mucoperiosteal flap, twelve defects were filled with Angelica sinensis powder mixed with β-TCP, then collagen membranes were applied over the defects. The other twelve defects were filled with β-TCP followed by collagen membrane application. The dogs were sacrificed at the end of fourth and eighth weeks. Jaw segments teeth were dissected and processed for histological examination and morphometric analysis of the regenerative features.Results: The histological results revealed that bone formation and regeneration of cementum and PDL progressed more in experimental groups than in control groups. Moreover, the regenerative features were more advanced in the second observation period. The histomorphometry revealed that the height of newly formed interradicular bone, its surface area, and the thickness of its trabeculae were higher in the defects treated with Angelica sinensis and β-TCP than in only β-TCP-filled defects at both observational periods.Conclusions: Angelica sinensis has accelerated the regenerative potential of the interradicular bone and has enhanced the effect of β-TCP.Clinical Significance: Since Angelica sinensis herb has resulted in a higher periodontal regeneration as proved histologically, its conjunction with bone grafts at furcation treatments is clinically recommended.