MEIO AMBIENTE, ESG E DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE O ATERRO SANITÁRIO DO MUNICÍPIO DE MARITUBA
Authors: Vasconcelos de Oliveira Fabrício , Souza do Carmo Jimmy 
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Given the urgency to understand the set of practices aimed at preserving the environment, responsibility towards society and business transparency, aiming to implement article 225 of the Constitution of the Republic, which provides for the environment as a fundamental human right, this work its main objective is to analyze how solid waste is treated in the landfill in the Municipality of Marituba, responsible for treating waste produced in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMB) and what its environmental implications are for the local population. The study ranges from the treatment of solid waste in the aforementioned Municipality, to the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS) approved by Law No. 12,305/2010, which aims to provide efficiency in services and the establishment of an integrated waste management system. solid and provides that these must be treated and recovered by available and economically viable technological processes, before their final disposal, up to the UN Agenda 2030, the ESG (Enviroment, Social and Governance) matrix and its 17 sustainable development objectives, which are built on the legacy of the millennium development goals, integrated, indivisible and responsible for balancing the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. The research adopts an exploratory approach, aiming to investigate the treatment given to solid waste and its environmental impacts on the community, based on a hypothetical-deductive approach within a bibliographic and documentary survey procedure. The problem proposed in this study is intended to understand whether the environmental impacts caused by the State Intervention through the Concession for the disposal of solid waste, in the Marituba landfill, produced by the metropolitan area of Belém, violate the fundamental rights included in the SDGs of the ESG matrix? In view of the reports regarding violations of fundamental rights of the population living around the landfill, systematically assessing the health impacts on public health becomes essential. Thus, it is possible to conclude that collateral damage to the environment in that Municipality can be classified as a public problem, requiring the municipal, state and federal public authorities to build an effective institutional agenda to combat this social problem, as provided for in SDG nº 11, which prescribes that it is necessary to reduce the negative environmental impact per capita of cities, focusing on air quality and municipal waste management. Therefore, it is suggested that a comparison be made between the environmental conditions of the project implemented by the concessionaire that manages the landfill, present in the Municipality of Marituba, together with the SDGs of the ESG matrix, to make it possible to measure the environmental impacts produced by collateral damage. of that concession in view of the fundamental human rights of the Maritubense population. Key-words: Environment; Fundamental rights; Ecotaxa; Sanitary Landfill; Marituba.