bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variation in Carbon Fraction, Density, and Carbon Density in Conifer Tree Tissues
Authors: Jones Dryw A. , O’Hara Kevin L.
Published: July 2018

We analyzed variations in three tree properties: tissue density, carbon fraction, and carbon density within bole tissues of nine Californian conifer species. Model performance for all three tree properties was significantly improved with the addition of covariates related to crown characteristics and position within the tree. This suggests that biomass and carbon mass estimates that rely on fixed wood density and carbon fraction may be inaccurate across tree sizes. We found a significant negative relationship between tissue density and carbon fraction within tree bole tissues, indicating that multiplying biomass by an average carbon fraction to obtain carbon mass is likely to lead to inaccurate estimates. Measured carbon fractions in tree tissues deviated from the widely used 0.5 value from a low of 1.4% to a high of 17.6%. Carbon fraction model parameters indicate the potential for an additional deviation from this 0.5 value of up to 2.7% due to the interaction between relative height and wood density. Applying measured carbon fractions to whole bole biomasses resulted in carbon mass estimates as much as 10.6% greater than estimates derived using the 0.5 value. We also found a significant, though modest, improvement in carbon fraction model estimates by assigning trees to groups based on tree bark characteristics.
Colonial Expressions of Identity in Funerals, Cemeteries, and Funerary Monuments of Nineteenth-Century Perth, Western Australia
Authors: Hayward Sandra F.
Published: July 2018

A general cemetery was established in 1829–1830 for the town of Perth, Western Australia, and during the rest of the nineteenth century, other cemeteries were added to the complex to cater for various Christian denominations as well as for Chinese and Jewish communities. In all, seven contiguous cemeteries were used over the colonial period in Perth. By 1899, when the cemetery complex was closed, approximately ten thousand people were buried there. The deceased or their bereaved loved ones chose funerals, epitaphs, burial locations, and funerary monuments to express social, ethnic, religious, familial, and gendered identity. These expressions of identity provide more information than just birth and death dates for genealogists and family historians as to what was important to the deceased and their family. In the first half of the nineteenth century, identities were dominantly related to family, whereas later in the century, identities included religion, ethnicity, and achievements within the colony of Western Australia. Some expressions of identity in Perth contrast with those found in other Australian colonies, especially in regard to the use and types of religious crosses in the Christian denominations.
Project SoL—A Community-Based, Multi-Component Health Promotion Intervention to Improve Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Practices among Danish Families with Young Children Part 2: Evaluation
Authors: Mikkelsen Bent Egberg , Bloch Paul , Reinbach Helene Christine , Buch-Andersen Tine , Lawaetz Winkler Lise , Toft Ulla , Glümer Charlotte , Jensen Bjarne Bruun , Aagaard-Hansen Jens
Published: July 2018

Project SoL is implemented over a period of four years with the aim to promote healthy eating and physical activity among children aged 3–8 years by targeting the families in a Danish municipality based on the multi-component, supersetting strategy. Interventions are implemented in childcare centres, schools and supermarkets in three local communities as well as in local mass media and social media during a 19 months period in the Municipality of Bornholm. The matching Municipality of Odsherred serves as a control site based on its similarity to Bornholm regarding several socio-demographic and health indicators. The present paper gives an account of the design used for the summative and formative evaluation based on a realistic evaluation and a mixed methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Summative studies are conducted on changes of health behaviours among the involved families and within the municipalities in general, changes in community awareness of the project, changes in purchase patterns, changes in overweight and obesity among the targeted children and changes in knowledge and preferences among children due to sensory education workshops. The formative research comprises studies on children’s perceptions of health, perceptions of staff at supermarkets and media professionals on their roles in supporting the health promotion agenda, and motivations and barriers of community stakeholders to engage in health promotion at community level. The paper discusses operational issues and lessons learnt related to studying complex community interventions, cross-disciplinarily, interfaces between practice and research and research capacity strengthening; and suggests areas for future research. The development and implementation of the intervention and its theoretical foundation is described in a separate paper.
Possible Biological Mechanisms Linking Mental Health and Heat—A Contemplative Review
Authors: Lõhmus Mare
Published: July 2018

This review provides examples of possible biological mechanisms that could, at least partly, explain the existing epidemiological evidence of heatwave-related exacerbation of mental disease morbidity. The author reviews the complicated central processes involved in the challenge of maintaining a stable body temperature in hot environments, and the maladaptive effects of certain psychiatric medicines on thermoregulation. In addition, the author discusses some alternative mechanisms, such as interrupted functional brain connectivity and the effect of disrupted sleep, which may further increase the vulnerability of mental health patients during heatwaves.
Stampede Prevention Design of Primary School Buildings in China: A Sustainable Built Environment Perspective
Authors: Xie Kefan , Song Yu , Liu Jia , Liang Benbu , Liu Xiang
Published: July 2018

In China, crowd stampede accidents usually take place within crowded areas in middle and primary schools. The crowd stampede risk is particularly related to the architectural design such as the staircase design, the layout of crowded places, obstacles, etc. Through the investigation of building design in several primary schools, the relationship between the sustainable layout of crowded places (e.g., toilets, canteens, playgrounds, staircases) and the crowd stampede risk of students are introduced via agent-based simulations. In particular, different experimental scenarios are conducted on stairs in the primary buildings. The evacuation processes are recorded by video camera and spatial stepping characteristics (e.g., foot clearance, step length, mass center, the distance between the mass center and ankle, and etc.) are extracted from the video. Dynamic steady ability is investigated by adopting the margin of stability, quantified by the instantaneous difference between the edge of the base of support and extrapolated vertical projection of the mass center. Based on the sustainable built environment principles and historical data of students, this paper focuses on an in-depth analysis of the staircase design aiming at preventing the crowd stampede risk.
Analysis of the Evolution Game of Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling Behavior Based on Prospect Theory under Environmental Regulation
Authors: Shen Hong , Peng Ying , Guo Chunxiang
Published: July 2018

With the development of the construction industry, increasing concern over construction and demolition waste (CDW) has initiated a wave of environmental regulation by the government in order to reduce the environmental impact and ensure sustainable development. Research on behavioral decision-making can offer a theoretical basis for the government and individuals. This paper aims to study the behavioral decision-making of stakeholders in CDW recycling under environmental regulation. Considering the limited rationality of stakeholders and the difference in reference points, an evolutionary game model including contractors and manufacturers of construction materials is proposed based on the prospect theory of behavioral economics. The results indicate that, only when the perceived benefits of one or both stakeholders for participation under the environmental regulation exceed those for non-participation, can the CDW recycling system eventually evolve to a stable state in which both stakeholders choose to participate. In addition, factors such as the initial strategy, production cost, technology, subsidies, recycling benefits, and the degree of perception of the stakeholders, exert certain influences on the stable state. To attain the required stable state, the government should increase the subsidies for the stakeholders and strengthen the publicity regarding recycling effects to improve the perceived benefits.
Biotoxicity of Water-Soluble UV Photodegradation Products for 10 Typical Gaseous VOCs
Authors: Sun Zhuqiu , Kang In-Sun , Wu Qianyuan , Xi Jinying , Hu Hongying
Published: July 2018

Ultraviolet (UV) photodegradation is increasingly applied to control volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to its degradation capabilities for recalcitrant compounds. However, sometimes the UV photodegradation products are also toxic and can affect human health. Here, 10 VOCs at 150~200 ppm in air were treated using a laboratory-scale UV reactor with 185/254 nm irradiation, and the biotoxicity of their off-gas was studied by investigating their off-gas absorption solutions. The CO2 increase and VOC decrease were 39~128 ppm and 0~42 ppm, respectively, indicating that the VOCs and their products were mineralized in off-gas absorption solutions. The total organic carbon (TOC) of the absorption solutions are 4~20 mg∙L−1. Luminescent bacteria and Daphnia magna were used to detect the acute toxicity, and an umu assay was used to determine the genotoxic potential. Trichloroethylene showed a highest toxicity to luminescent bacteria, while chlorobenzene had the lowest toxicity. Water-soluble UV photodegradation products for styrene are very toxic to Daphnia magna. In the umu assay, the genotoxicities of off-gas absorption solutions of trichloroethylene, methylbenzene, ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, and styrene were 51.26, 77.80, 86.89, 97.20, and 273.62 mg (4-NQO)·L−1 respectively. In addition, the analysis of the genotoxicity/TOC and intermediates products indicated that the off-gas absorption solutions of styrene, trichloroethylene, and butyl alcohol contain many highly toxic substances.
Overexpression of the Rybp Gene Inhibits Differentiation of Bovine Myoblasts into Myotubes
Authors: Su Xiaotong , Zhao Yanfang , Wang Yaning , Zhang Le , Zan Linsen , Wang Hongbao
Published: July 2018

RING1 and YY1 binding protein (Rybp) genes inhibit myogenesis in mice, but there are no reports on the effects of these genes in cattle. The aim of this study is to investigate the roles of the Rybp gene on bovine skeletal muscle development and myoblast differentiation. In the present study, the Rybp gene was overexpressed in bovine myoblasts via adenovirus. RNA-seq was performed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The results showed that overexpressing the Rybp gene inhibits the formation of myotubes. The morphological differences in myoblasts began on the second day and were very significant 6 days after adenovirus induction. A total of 1311 (707 upregulated and 604 downregulated) DEGs were screened using RNA-seq between myoblasts with added negative control adenoviruses (AD-NC) and Rybp adenoviruses (AD-Rybp) after 6 days of induction. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis revealed that the downregulated DEGs were mainly involved in biological functions related to muscle, and, of the 32 pathways, those associated with muscle development were significantly enriched for the identified DEGs. This study can not only provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of skeletal muscle development in cattle by exploring the roles of the Rybp gene in myoblast differentiation, but it can also lay a theoretical foundation for molecular breeding of beef cattle.
Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Enzyme Inhibitory, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Partially Purified Volatile Metabolites of Marine Streptomyces sp.S2A
Authors: Siddharth Saket , Vittal Ravishankar Rai
Published: July 2018

In the present study, marine actinobacteria Streptomyces sp.S2A was isolated from the Gulf of Mannar, India. Identification was carried out by 16S rRNA analysis. Bioactive metabolites were extracted by solvent extraction method. The metabolites were assayed for antagonistic activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens, inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes, antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity against various cell lines. The actinobacterial extract showed significant antagonistic activity against four gram-positive and two gram-negative pathogens. Excellent reduction in the growth of fungal pathogens was also observed. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the partially purified extract (PPE) was determined as 31.25 μg/mL against Klebsiella pneumoniae, 15.62 μg/mL against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. The lowest MIC was observed against Micrococcus luteus as 7.8 μg/mL. MIC against fungal pathogens was determined as 62.5 μg/mL against Bipolaris maydis and 15.62 μg/mL against Fusarium moniliforme. The α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory potential of the fractions were carried out by microtiter plate method. IC50 value of active fraction for α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition was found to be 21.17 μg/mL and 20.46 μg/mL respectively. The antioxidant activity of partially purified extract (PPE) (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and Metal chelating activity) were observed and were also found to have significant cytotoxic activity against HT-29, MDA and U-87MG cell lines. The compound analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and resulted in three constituents; pyrrolo[1–a]pyrazine-1,4-dione,hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl)-, being the main component (80%). Overall, the strain possesses a wide spectrum of antimicrobial, enzyme inhibitory, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities which affords the production of significant bioactive metabolites as potential pharmacological agents.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Acoustic Performances of Polyurethane Foam Composites
Authors: Chen Shuming , Zhu Wenbo , Cheng Yabing
Published: July 2018

Polyurethane (PU) foams are widely used as acoustic package materials to eliminate vehicle interior noise. Therefore, it is important to improve the acoustic performances of PU foams. In this paper, the grey relational analysis (GRA) method and multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm are applied to improve the acoustic performances of PU foam composites. The average sound absorption coefficient and average transmission loss are set as optimization objectives. The hardness and content of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) and the content of deionized water and modified isocyanate (MDI) are selected as design variables. The optimization process of GRA method is based on the orthogonal arrays L9(34), and the MOPSO algorithm is based on the Response Surface (RS) surrogate model. The results show that the acoustic performances of PU foam composites can be improved by optimizing the synthetic formula. Meanwhile, the results that were obtained by GRA method show the degree of influence of the four design variables on the optimization objectives, and the results obtained by MOPSO algorithm show the specific effects of the four design variables on the optimization objectives. Moreover, according to the confirmation experiment, the optimal synthetic formula is obtained by MOPSO algorithm when the weight coefficient of the two objectives set as 0.5.
Controlling the Internal Structures of Polymeric Microspheres via the Introduction of a Water-Soluble Organic Solvent
Authors: He Yanping , Li Xin , Zhu Tianci , Shan Mengxing , Zhu Linhua , Si Tian , Wang Hong , Sun Yanlin
Published: July 2018

Polymeric microspheres with different internal structures have been widely used because of their characteristics in the structures. This paper reports a method of controlling the internal structures of polymeric microspheres via the introduction of a water-soluble organic solvent to the continuous phase in the foam phase preparation of porous polymeric microspheres. The introduction of a water-soluble organic solvent enables the control of polymeric microspheres’ internal structures, from porous to hollow. Because a water-soluble organic solvent is introduced, the organic solvent may be diffused toward the interface because of the affinity between the organic solvent and the oil droplets, resulting an accumulation of organic solvent molecules at the interface to form an organic solvent layer. The presence of this layer may decrease the evaporation rate of the internal organic solvent in an oil droplet, which extends the time for the mingling of porogen droplets to form a few large pores or even an extremely large single pore inside. This method is also capable of altering the thickness of hollow microspheres’ shells in a desired way, with improved efficiency, yield and the capacity for continuous use on an industrial scale.
Spatial and Temporal Dependency of NDVI Satellite Imagery in Predicting Bird Diversity over France
Authors: Bonthoux Sébastien , Lefèvre Solenne , Herrault Pierre-Alexis , Sheeren David
Published: July 2018

Continuous-based predictors of habitat characteristics derived from satellite imagery are increasingly used in species distribution models (SDM). This is especially the case of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) which provides estimates of vegetation productivity and heterogeneity. However, when NDVI predictors are incorporated into SDM, synchrony between biological observations and image acquisition must be questionned. Due to seasonal variations of NDVI during the year, landscape patterns of habitats are revealed differently from one date to another leading to variations in models’ performance. In this paper, we investigated the influence of acquisition time period of NDVI to explain and predict bird community patterns over France. We examined if the NDVI acquisition period that best fit the bird data depends on the dominant land cover context. We also compared models based on single time period of NDVI with one model built from the Dynamic Habitat Index (DHI) components which summarize variations in vegetation phenology throughout the year from the fraction of radiation absorbed by the canopy (fPAR). Bird species richness was calculated as response variable for 759 plots of 4 km2 from the French Breeding Bird Survey. Bird specialists and generalists to habitat were considered. NDVI and DHI predictors were both derived from MODIS products. For NDVI, five time periods in 2010 were compared, from late winter to begin of autumn. A climate predictor was also used and Generalized Additive Models were fitted to explain and predict bird species richness. Results showed that NDVI-based proxies of dominant habitat identity and spatial heterogeneity explain more bird community patterns than DHI-based proxies of annual productivity and seasonnality. We also found that models’ performance was both time and context-dependent, varying according to the bird groups. In general, best time period of NDVI did not match with the acquisition period of bird data because in case of synchrony, differences in habitats are less pronounced. These findings suggest that the most powerful approach to estimate bird community patterns is the simplest one. It only requires NDVI predictors from a single appropriate time period, in addition to climate, which makes the approach very operational.
The Role of Human Resource Management (HRM) for the Implementation of Sustainable Product-Service Systems (PSS)—An Analysis of Fashion Retailers
Authors: Adam Marcus
Published: July 2018

Implementation of product-service systems (PSS) requires structural changes in the way that business in manufacturing industries is traditionally conducted. Literature frequently mentions the importance of human resource management (HRM), since people are involved in the entire process of PSS development and employees are the primary link to customers. However, to this day, no study has provided empirical evidence whether and in what way HRM of firms that implement PSS differs from HRM of firms that solely run a traditional manufacturing-based business model. The aim of this study is to contribute to closing this gap by investigating the particular HR components of manufacturing firms that implement PSS and compare it with the HRM of firms that do not. The context of this study is the fashion industry, which is an ideal setting since it is a mature and highly competitive industry that is well-documented for causing significant environmental impact. PSS present a promising opportunity for fashion firms to differentiate and mitigate the industry’s ecological footprint. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to analyze data of 102 international fashion firms. Findings reveal a significant higher focus on nearly the entire spectrum of HRM components of firms that implement PSS compared with firms that do not. Empirical findings and their interpretation are utilized to propose a general framework of the role of HRM for PSS implementation. This serves as a departure point for both scholars and practitioners for further research, and fosters the understanding of the role of HRM for managing PSS implementation.
Model-Based Analysis of Macrophytes Role in the Flow Distribution in the Anastomosing River System
Authors: Marcinkowski Paweł , Kiczko Adam , Okruszko Tomasz
Published: July 2018

The impact of vegetation on the hydrology and geomorphology of aquatic ecosystems has been studied intensively in recent years. Numerous hydraulic models developed to date help to understand and quantitatively assess the influence of in-stream macrophytes on a channel’s hydraulic conditions. However, special focus is placed on single-thread rivers, leaving anastomosing rivers practically uninvestigated. To fill this gap, the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of vegetation on flow distribution in a complex anastomosing river system situated in northeastern Poland. The newly designed, one-dimensional, steady-flow model, dedicated for anastomosing rivers used in this study indicated high influence of vegetation on water flow distribution during the whole year in general, but—as expected—significantly higher in the summer season. Simulations of in-stream vegetation removal in selected channels reflected in Manning’s coefficient alterations caused relatively high discharge transitions during the growing season. This proved the significance of feedback between process of plants growth and distribution of flow in anabranches. The results are unique and relevant and could be successfully considered for the protection of semi-natural anabranching rivers.
Size and Strength of Self-excited Dynamos in Jupiter-like Extrasolar Planets
Authors: Zaghoo Mohamed , Collins G. W.
Published: July 2018

The magnetization of solar and extrasolar gas giants is critically dependent on the electronic and mass transport coefficients of their convective fluid interiors. We analyze recent laboratory experimental results on metallic hydrogen to derive a new conductivity profile for the Jovian-like planets. We combine this revised conductivity with a polytropic-based thermodynamic equation of state to study the dynamo action in 100 extrasolar giant planets varying from synchronous hot Jupiters to fast rotators, with masses ranging from 0.3 M
J to 15 M
J. We find dynamo cores larger than previous estimates, but consistent with the results from Juno, suggesting that the field generation in the more massive planets might be shallow-seated. Our results reveal that most extrasolar giants are expected to possess dipole surface magnetic fields in the range of 0.1–10 Gauss. Assuming radio emission processes similar to our solar giants, the stronger emitters are expected to have maximal cyclotron frequencies between 20 and 40 MHz and for those within few 10 pc, few have flux densities greater than 1 mJy. Our work places new bounds on the observational detectability of extrasolar magnetic fields.
Energy Conversion and Collisionless Plasma Dissipation Channels in the Turbulent Magnetosheath Observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission
Authors: Chasapis Alexandros , Yang Y. , Matthaeus W. H. , Parashar T. N. , Haggerty C. C. , Burch J. L. , Moore T. E. , Pollock C. J. , Dorelli J. , Gershman D. J. , Torbert R. B. , Russell C. T.
Published: July 2018

Analysis of high-resolution Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission plasma and magnetic field data directly reveals the exchanges of energy between electromagnetic and flow energy and between microscopic flows and random kinetic energy in the inhomogeneous turbulent magnetosheath. The computed rates of exchange are based on exact results from the collisionless Vlasov model of plasma dynamics, without appeal to viscous or other closures. The description includes analyses of several structures observed in intervals of burst mode data in the magnetosheath, revealing pathways of energy exchange at sub-ion scales. Time-series of the work done by the electromagnetic field, and the pressure–stress interaction, enable description of the pathways to dissipation in this low-collisionality plasma. This method does not require any specific mechanism for its application, such as reconnection or a selected mode, although with increased experience it will be useful for distinguishing between proposed possibilities.
Toward Consistent Modeling of Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics in Exoplanets: Validation and Generalization of the Chemical Relaxation Method
Authors: Tsai Shang-Min , Kitzmann Daniel , Lyons James R. , Mendonça João , Grimm Simon L. , Heng Kevin
Published: July 2018

Motivated by the work of Cooper & Showman, we revisit the chemical relaxation method, which seeks to enhance the computational efficiency of chemical kinetics calculations by replacing the chemical network with a handful of independent source/sink terms. Chemical relaxation solves the evolution of the system and can treat disequilibrium chemistry, as the source/sink terms are driven toward chemical equilibrium on a prescribed chemical timescale, but it has surprisingly never been validated. First, we generalize the treatment by forgoing the use of a single chemical timescale, instead developing a pathway analysis tool that allows us to identify the rate-limiting reaction as a function of temperature and pressure. For the interconversion between methane and carbon monoxide, and between ammonia and molecular nitrogen, we identify the key rate-limiting reactions for conditions relevant to currently characterizable exo-atmospheres (500–3000 K, 0.1 mbar to 1 kbar). Second, we extend chemical relaxation to include carbon dioxide and water. Third, we examine the role of metallicity and the carbon-to-oxygen ratio in chemical relaxation. Fourth, we apply our pathway analysis tool to diagnose the differences between our chemical network and that of Moses and Venot. Finally, we validate the chemical relaxation method against full chemical kinetics calculations in one dimension. For WASP-18b-, HD 189733b-, and GJ 1214-b-like atmospheres, we show that chemical relaxation is mostly accurate to within an order of magnitude, a factor of 2, and ∼10%, respectively. The level of accuracy attained allows for the chemical relaxation method to be included in three-dimensional general circulation models.
Electron Energy Distributions in H ii Regions and Planetary Nebulae: κ-distributions Do Not Apply
Authors: Draine B. T. , Kreisch C. D.
Published: July 2018

Some authors have proposed that electron energy distributions in H ii regions and planetary nebulae may be significantly nonthermal, and κ-distributions have been suggested as being appropriate. Here it is demonstrated that the electron energy distribution function is extremely close to a Maxwellian up to electron kinetic energies of

in H ii regions, and up to

in planetary nebulae: κ-distributions are inappropriate. The small departures from a Maxwellian have negligible effects on line ratios. When observed line ratios in H ii regions deviate from models with a single electron temperature, it must arise from spatial variations in electron temperature, rather than local deviations from a Maxwellian.
On the Numerical Robustness of the Streaming Instability: Particle Concentration and Gas Dynamics in Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Li 李日 Rixin 新 , Youdin Andrew N. , Simon Jacob B.
Published: July 2018

The streaming instability (SI) is a mechanism to concentrate solids in protoplanetary disks. Nonlinear particle clumping from the SI can trigger gravitational collapse into planetesimals. To better understand the numerical robustness of the SI, we perform a suite of vertically stratified 3D simulations with fixed physical parameters known to produce strong clumping. We vary the numerical implementation, namely, the computational domain size and the vertical boundary conditions (vBCs), comparing newly implemented outflow vBCs to the previously used periodic and reflecting vBCs. We find strong particle clumping by the SI is mostly independent of the vBCs. However, peak particle densities are higher in larger simulation domains due to a larger particle mass reservoir. We report SI-triggered zonal flows, i.e., azimuthally banded radial variations of gas pressure. These structures have low amplitudes, insufficient to halt particle radial drift, confirming that particle trapping in gas pressure maxima is not the mechanism of the SI. We find that outflow vBCs produce artificially large gas outflow rates at vertical boundaries. However, the outflow vBCs reduce artificial reflections at vertical boundaries, allowing more particle sedimentation, and showing less temporal variation and better convergence with box size. The radial spacing of dense particle filaments is ∼0.15 gas scale heights (H) for all vBCs, which sets the feeding zone for planetesimal growth in self-gravitating simulations. Our results validate the use of the outflow vBCs in SI simulations, even with vertical boundaries close (≤0.4H) to the disk midplane. Overall, our study demonstrates the numerical robustness of nonlinear particle clumping by the SI.
Taxonomy and Light-curve Data of 1000 Serendipitously Observed Main-belt Asteroids
Authors: Erasmus N. , McNeill A. , Mommert M. , Trilling D. E. , Sickafoose A. A. , Gend C. van
Published: July 2018

We present VRI spectrophotometry of 1003 main-belt asteroids (MBAs) observed with the Sutherland, South Africa node of the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet). All of the observed MBAs were serendipitously captured in KMTNet’s large 2° × 2° field of view during a separate targeted near-Earth Asteroid study. Our broadband spectrophotometry is reliable enough to distinguish among four asteroid taxonomies and we confidently categorize 836 of the 1003 observed targets as either a S-, C-, X-, or D-type asteroid by means of a machine learning algorithm approach. Our data show that the ratio between S-type MBAs and (C+X+D)-type MBAs, with H magnitudes between 12 and 18 (12 km ≳ diameter ≳ 0.75 km), is almost exactly 1:1. Additionally, we report 0.5–3 hr (median: 1.3 hr) light-curve data for each MBA and we resolve the complete rotation periods and amplitudes for 59 targets. Of the 59 targets, 2 have rotation periods potentially below the theoretical zero-cohesion boundary limit of 2.2 hr. We report lower limits for the rotation periods and amplitudes for the remaining targets. Using the resolved and unresolved light curves we determine the shape distribution for this population using a Monte Carlo simulation. Our model suggests a population with an average elongation b/a = 0.74 ± 0.07 and also shows that this is independent of asteroid size and taxonomy.
Catalog of Chromium, Cobalt, and Nickel Abundances in Globular Clusters and Dwarf Galaxies*
Authors: Kirby Evan N. , Xie Justin L. , Guo Rachel , Kovalev Mikhail , Bergemann Maria
Published: July 2018

We present measurements of the abundances of chromium, cobalt, and nickel in 4113 red giants, including 2277 stars in globular clusters (GCs), 1820 stars in the Milky Way’s dwarf satellite galaxies, and 16 field stars. We measured the abundances from mostly archival Keck/DEIMOS medium-resolution spectroscopy with a resolving power of R ∼ 6500 and a wavelength range of approximately 6500–9000 Å. The abundances were determined by fitting spectral regions that contain absorption lines of the elements under consideration. We used estimates of temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity that we previously determined from the same spectra. We estimated systematic error by examining the dispersion of abundances within mono-metallic GCs. The median uncertainties for [Cr/Fe], [Co/Fe], and [Ni/Fe] are 0.20, 0.20, and 0.13, respectively. Finally, we validated our estimations of uncertainty through duplicate measurements, and we evaluated the accuracy and precision of our measurements through comparison to high-resolution spectroscopic measurements of the same stars.
Transition Probabilities of Emissions and Rotationless Radiative Lifetimes of Vibrational Levels for the SiN Radical
Authors: Xing Wei , Shi Deheng , Sun Jinfeng , Zhu Zunlue
Published: July 2018

The transition dipole moments of the SiN radical are calculated by the valence internally contracted multireference configuration interaction (icMRCI) approach with the aug-cc-pV6Z basis set. The transition probabilities of spontaneous emissions are computed between the eight lowest-lying doublet states. The vibrational band origins, Einstein coefficients, and Franck–Condon factors of all the spontaneous emissions involved are evaluated. The rotationless radiative lifetimes of the first 15 vibrational levels were determined to be approximately 10−3–10−5 s long for the A2Π state, 10−3–10−7 s long for the F2Π state, 10−6–10−7 s long for the C2Π state, 10−6 s long for the D2Σ− and E2Δ states, and 10−7 s long for the B2Σ+ and G2Δ states. It is observed that the rotationless radiative lifetimes quickly become shorter, with an increase in the vibrational level for the A2Π and F2Π states. The Einstein coefficients of many emissions are large for the B2Σ+–X2Σ+, B2Σ+–A2Π, C2Π–X2Σ+, C2Π–A2Π, D2Σ−–A2Π, E2Δ–A2Π, F2Π–X2Σ+, F2Π–A2Π, and G2Δ–A2Π systems. However, the emissions are very weak for the F2Π–D2Σ− system. The vibrational levels and rotational constants of each state are determined and the spectral range of each transition system is evaluated. The vibrational band origins are compared with the available experimental ones. The spectroscopic routines for detecting the unobserved states are proposed. These results can be employed to measure emissions, in particular those of interstellar clouds and stellar atmospheres.
Raba veznikov in predlogov pri tvorbi kratic
Authors: Kompara Mojca
Published: July 2018

V prispevku je predstavljena raba veznikov in predlogov v razvezavi in kratici. Za pregled zastopanosti veznikov in predlogov v kraticah je uporabljen nabor krajšavno­razvezavnih parov, pridobljenih s pomočjo algoritma za samodejno prepoznavanje krajšav. Pregledane so slovenske kratice in ugotovljeno je, da je primerov, ki imajo veznik in/ali predlog v kratici, sorazmerno malo, so pa taki primeri le prisotni in zanimivi za pregled in diskusijo. V prispevku so predstavljeni vzroki za rabo oz. opuščanje veznika in/ali predloga ter stališče o sprejemljivosti posameznega zapisa.
Akademik Petar Šimunović (1933–2014)
Authors: Torkar Silvo
Published: July 2018

.
Vejica: rezultati anketne raziskave med dijaki in študenti
Authors: Logar Nataša , Popič Damjan
Published: July 2018

V prispevku prikazujemo rezultate ankete o vejici, s katero smo ugotavljali, katera vejična mesta so za dijake štiriletnih (v glavnem gimnazijskih) programov in študente različnih študijskih področij najbolj zahtevna. V razpravnem delu prispevka nato rezultate povezujemo s srednješolskim učnim procesom, kot ga za to temo določa učni načrt, ter pravopisnimi pravili, ki bi jih bilo smiselno (in treba) prenoviti.
Język potomków polskich Osadników z derenku na węgrzech-Jezik potomcev poljskih kolonistov v Derenku na Madžarskem
Authors: Grochola-Szczepanek Helena
Published: July 2018

V prispevku so predstavljene glavne značilnosti jezika potomcev poljskih kolonistov na Madžarskem. Avtorica analizira, koliko slovniški in slovarski pojavi ustrezajo poljskim narečjem. Podlaga za analizo so intervjuji z govorci poljske skupnosti na Madžarskem, posneti v letih 2013–2014.
Nekaj narečnih značilnosti v besedilih izbranih govorov primorske in dolenjske narečne skupine
Authors: Bilavčić Mateja , Zupančič Špela
Published: July 2018

V prispevku so z besedili o spomladanskih opravilih predstavljeni izbrani govori primorske (Sovodnje, kraško narečje; Lokev, notranjsko narečje) in dolenjske narečne skupine (Borovnica in Ambrus – dolenjsko narečje; Globočdol in Šentrupert – vzhodnodolenjsko podnarečje). Sinhrono in primerjalno s knjižnimi so obravnavani v njih prisotni narečni soglasniški pojavi, oblikoslovne posebnosti ter zanimivejše besedje.
Poimenovanja za ženske nosilke poklicev in položajev v slovenščini in ruščini
Authors: Derganc Aleksandra
Published: July 2018

V prispevku se primerja raba ženskih poimenovanj za (zlasti prestižnejše) poklice, nazive in položaje v slovenščini in ruščini. V slovenščini je tvorjenje takih poimenovanj stilistično nezaznamovano, medtem ko so v ruščini nekatere tvorjenke za ta poimenovanja stilistično zaznamovane, kar ima negativne posledice za njihovo rabo v nevtralnem diskurzu.
O govejem lastnem imenu Hrdagata in kletvici (h)ardigata
Authors: Furlan Metka
Published: July 2018

V prispevku se nastanek narečnega govejega lastnega imena Hrdagata razlaga iz kletvice kot bavarskoavstrijske izposojenke v slovenščini.
Les transformations culturelles du capitalisme dans El desfile del amor de Sergio Pitol
Authors: Estève Raphaël
Published: July 2018

Au centre névralgique de l’œuvre la plus importante de Sergio Pitol, El desfile del amor (1984), il y a cette fête de l’année 1942 où se pressent toutes les sommités d’une nouvelle élite issue de la Révolution : une bourgeoisie intellectuelle et artiste, farouchement progressiste, dont un des gestes les plus significatifs est indéniablement la déconstruction des valeurs traditionnelles. C’est précisément cette émancipation assumée de l’individu, parfaitement mise en scène dans le roman, qui va créer les conditions de possibilité culturelles du capitalisme.
Transculturación y transgresión en las literaturas centroamericanas
Authors: Barrientos Tecún Dante
Published: July 2018

El presente trabajo propone un estudio acerca de las formas que adoptan las nociones de transculturación y transgresión en algunas literaturas de Centroamérica (en particular Guatemala, El Salvador y Honduras). Es posible detectar a lo largo de la constitución de estas literaturas una constante tendencia hacia la transculturación en razón no sólo del legado cultural prehispánico que caracteriza la región sino en razón igualmente a los procesos histórico-políticos que han generado permanentes movimientos migrantes ya sea hacia el Norte del continente (México, Estados Unidos, Canadá) como hacia migraciones intrarregionales. Dichos fenómenos han dado lugar a la producción de literaturas hondamente marcadas por los procesos de transculturalidad, literaturas que pueden adquirir carácter transnacional y que proponen no sólo transgresiones geográfico-culturales sino sociopolíticas, como reacción a los esquemas ideológicos extremadamente convencionales y conservadores de estos países.
La transgresión de género en las primeras obras de Angélica Gorodischer, un ideosema clave para la lectura de los textos
Authors: Yannopoulos Alexis
Published: July 2018

La periodización establecida por la crítica a partir de los años 90 llevó paradójicamente a desestimar los primeros libros de Angélica Gorodischer (entre otros : Cuentos con soldados (1965), Las pelucas (1968) o Casta luna electrónica (1977). Aunque la escritora argentina es famosa por ser “la máxime representante de la ciencia ficción en Argentina”, postulamos que no se puede apreciar el valor literario de sus textos sin tomar en cuenta los ideosemas que remiten a problemáticas de género social y literario. El análisis del paratexto paródico enfatizará primero la efracción de la nomofática literaria. Examinaremos luego “El abecedario del Rif”, texto paradigmático publicado en Las pelucas (1968) y retomado en Casta luna electrónica (1977) que constituye un verdadero umbral de entrada en la obra de la escritora rosarina. La utilización de un-a narrador-a con identidad sexual fluctuante desempeña un papel fundamental en la economía del relato, planteando asimismo un cuestionamiento radical de las categorías de género.
Fingerprint Image Hashing Based on Minutiae Points and Shape Context
Authors: Abdullahi Sani M. , Wang Hongxia , Malik Asad
Published: July 2018

Fingerprint minutiae is the unique representation of fingerprint image feature points as terminations and bifurcations. Therefore, generating a hash signature from these feature points will unarguably meet the desired properties of a robust hash signature and which will accurately fit in for fingerprint image content authentication purposes. This article proposes a novel minutiae and shape context-based fingerprint image hashing scheme. Fingerprint image minutiae points were extracted by incorporating their orientation and descriptors, then embedded into the shape context-based descriptors in order to generate a unique, compact, and robust hash signature. The robustness of the proposed scheme is determined by performing content preserving attacks, including noise addition, blurring and geometric distribution. Efficient results were achieved from the given attacks. Also, a series of evaluations on the performance comparison between the proposed and other state-of-art schemes has proven the approach to be robust and secure, by yielding a better result.
A Global Survey on Data Deduplication
Authors: Singhal Shubhanshi , Sharma Pooja , Aggarwal Rajesh Kumar , Passricha Vishal
Published: July 2018

This article describes how data deduplication efficiently eliminates the redundant data by selecting and storing only single instance of it and becoming popular in storage systems. Digital data is growing much faster than storage volumes, which shows the importance of data deduplication among scientists and researchers. Data deduplication is considered as most successful and efficient technique of data reduction because it is computationally efficient and offers a lossless data reduction. It is applicable to various storage systems, i.e. local storage, distributed storage, and cloud storage. This article discusses the background, components, and key features of data deduplication which helps the reader to understand the design issues and challenges in this field.
E-Marketing Strategies for Islamic Banking
Authors: Roumieh Ahmad , Garg Lalit , Gupta Vipul , Singh Gurparkash
Published: July 2018

This article describes how e-marketing is increasingly gaining interest within Islamic businesses. It is important to consider the extent to which it fits comfortably within principle notions of Islam and Sharia law. An Islamic business should ensure that its e-marketing strategy must be devoid of any contentious or exaggerated claims and there must be no excessive risk. As marketing practices include accentuating the benefits and features of products and services, and downplaying the negative attributes which potentially could lead to a consumer making an informed decision based on this unbalanced presentation. Arguably, this presents a form of risk that may be at odds with the fundamental tenets of Islam. This article presents a case-study of a large bank in Kuwait to identify how e-Marketing can be implemented more effectively to attract new customers and retain the existing ones by critically evaluating the viability of e-marketing strategies for promoting Islamic banking. A set of recommendations are also provided to support all Islamic Banks in the development of an e-marketing strategy.
A Customer Centric Best Connected Channel Model for Heterogeneous and IoT Networks
Authors: Singh Pushpa , Agrawal Rajeev
Published: July 2018

This article describes how the Heterogeneous and IoT networks are the most sought solutions to significant coverage and connectivity to the users. This article suggests a model for a heterogeneous and IoT network comprised of grading of the users based on their movement pattern, usage, and applications. Users are then given preferential possible access to the best connected network on the basis of their loyalty factor. The proposed model is customer centric and provides a best suited network to their loyal user on different aspects of the usage. Simulation studies were carried out to establish the suitability of the proposed work. The work also presents a scheme to retain the loyal customers in their network by providing them better services.
Habilidades sociais de docentes universitários: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Vieira-Santos Joene , Del Prette Almir , Del Prette Zilda Aparecida Pereira
Published: July 2018

A relação professor-aluno é um fator importante no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e requer do professor, entre outras competências, um repertório elaborado de habilidades sociais (HS). Este estudo é uma revisão sistemática para avaliar a produção científica sobre HS relacionados à atuação docente no ensino superior na modalidade presencial. Foram analisados 23 artigos, publicados até novembro de 2015 em seis bases de dados distintas (Scielo Brasil, PEPSIC, LILACS, Index Psi, Corpus PHS e PsycArticles), que focavam as HS e/ou componentes não verbais e paralinguísticos apresentados pelo professor em sala de aula e/ou na relação com o aluno. As HS foram avaliadas por alunos, docentes e pesquisadores e, em 47,9% dos artigos, envolveram o emprego de instrumentos validados. As classes de HS mais abordadas foram comunicação (82,6%), trabalho (52,1%) e expressão de sentimentos positivos (39,1%). Enquanto as duas primeiras classes parecem estar mais relacionadas à postura tradicional do professor, como transmissor do conhecimento, a última parece estar mais ligada à preocupação atual de que ele assuma o papel de mediador entre aluno e conhecimento, o que aponta para um processo gradual de mudanças nas HS requeridas para a atuação no ensino superior. Novas revisões podem confirmar ou refutar os dados aqui descritos.
Jornadas de trabalho, estilo de vida e desempenho docente no ensino jurídico atual
Authors: Cardoso Júnior Welton , Cardoso Berta Leni Costa , Dos Santos Alcir Rocha , Nunes Cláudio Pinto
Published: July 2018

O ensino jurídico brasileiro tem sofrido severas críticas por inúmeros fatores, dentre eles podemos citar o papel do professor universitário o qual precisa estar atento às suas práticas pedagógicas para de aprimorar a construção do conhecimento. O objetivo da pesquisa é avaliar as jornadas de trabalho dos docentes universitários do ensino jurídico correlacionando os indicativos de seu desempenho no ambiente acadêmico e do seu estilo de vida por eles determinados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa e de caráter transversal. A pesquisa foi realizada com 20 dos 24 docentes graduados em Direito que lecionam no mesmo curso de uma Instituição da Bahia. Foram utilizados dois questionários, o Monisa da UESC, que avalia os indicadores de saúde e qualidade de vida, e um questionário desenvolvido pela UFRN que consta na avaliação da comunidade acadêmica desta instituição. Todos os testes estatísticos foram realizados no programa SPSS, versão 20.0. Verificou-se que existem correlações entre o estilo de vida dos docentes e o seu desempenho acadêmico quando comparado entre as jornadas de trabalho, contudo, algumas discrepâncias também foram notadas. As jornadas múltiplas de trabalho podem refletir na qualidade de vida e consequentemente no próprio desempenho do docente que, assim, procura se adequar a essa nova exigência capital-trabalho.