bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Operation and maintenance
Authors: Benisch Jakob , Helm Björn , Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc , Bloem Simon , Cherqui Frédéric , Eichelmann Uwe , Kroll Stefan , Poelsma Peter
Published: August 2021

This chapter first provides information on general health and safety rules to be applied by operators in monitoring urban drainage and stormwater management (UDSM) systems, especially in the harsh confined environment of underground sewer systems. Second, it presents experience-based key recommendations for best practice and quality in operation, management and maintenance of sensors and installations for rainfall and discharge measurements. In the last part, three numerical methods (ordinary least squares, Williamson least squares, non-linear regression) are presented, with detailed examples of application, to establish calibration functions which are necessary for all sensors used in UDSM monitoring.
Uncertainty assessment
Authors: Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc , Uhl Mathias , Clemens-Meyer Francois H. L. R.
Published: August 2021

Assessing uncertainties in measurements must become a standard practice in the field of urban drainage and stormwater management. This chapter presents three standard methods to estimate uncertainties: the Type A method (repeated measurements), the Type B method (law of propagation of uncertainties) and the MC method (Monte Carlo method). Each method is described with its fundamental principles and equations, various examples are presented in detail and Matlab® codes are given to facilitate the calculations for routine applications. An advanced method to account for partial autocorrelation in time series is presented. Lastly, typical orders of magnitude of standard uncertainties for usual sensors used in urban drainage and stormwater management are given.
Data collection in urban drainage and stormwater management systems – case studies
Authors: Schellart Alma , Blumensaat Frank , Clemens-Meyer Francois , van der Werf Job , Mohtar Wan Hanna Melina Wan , Ramly Salwa , Muhammad Nur , Bonneau Jérémie , Fletcher Tim D. , Costelloe Justin F. , James Robert , Burns Matthew , Poelsma Peter , Ochoa-Rodriguez Susana , Bourne Daniel , Hancock Zoe , Wallwork Gilles , Hale James , Nikolova-Peters Nadia , Kroll Stefan , van Assel Johan , McCarthy David , Shi Baiqian , Bloem Simon , Ebi Christian
Published: August 2021

Data collection in urban drainage systems comes with many challenges. However, many examples already exist, containing numerous useful lessons learned. This chapter therefore contains several urban drainage and stormwater management metrology case studies, selected to cover a wide range of scopes, scales, objectives, climates, data validation methods, and data storage approaches. The case studies are initiated by academics as well as by institutions from the water industry.
Assessment of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 as an option for sustainable wastewater treatment
Authors: Samiotis Georgios , Stamatakis Kostas , Amanatidou Elisavet
Published: August 2021

Industrial wastewaters are recognized as a valuable resource, however, their disposal without proper treatment can result in environmental deterioration. The associated environmental/operational cost of wastewater treatment necessitates upgrade of applied processes towards the goals of sustainability and mitigation of climate change. The implementation of cyanobacteria-based processes can contribute to these goals via resources recovery, production of high-value products, carbon fixation and green-energy production. The present study evaluates the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (S7942) as a biological component for novel and sustainable alternatives to typical biological nutrient removal processes. Valuable results regarding cultivation temperature boundaries, applied disinfection techniques and analytical methods, as well as regarding relations between parameters expressing S7942 biomass concentration are presented. The results show that at typical industrial wastewater temperatures, S7942 efficiently grew and removed nitrates from treated snack-industry's wastewater. Moreover, in cultures with treated and relatively saline dairy wastewater, its growth rate slightly decreased, but nevertheless nitrates removal rate remained efficiently high. A comparison between typical denitrification processes and the proposed nutrient removal process indicated that a S7942-based system may constitute an alternative or a supplementary to denitrification process. Thus, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 proved to be a potent candidate towards sustainable industrial wastewater treatment applications.
COVID-19: Finally on Wane, with Reduced Lethality
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Shalimar
Published: August 2021

:

As most of the countries have already passed the peaks of the second or third wave of infections,
COVID-19 is (finally) on the wane and will soon touch the baseline persistence with a reduced
death rate. The Case Fatality Ratio (CFR) or lethality is presently only ~2.0%, which is relatively
low in comparison to the high of 14% in April 2020. More importantly, the lethality in
healthy people is 20 times lower. In addition, successful vaccination programs are currently underway
in several countries. Thus, although new pathogenic variants as well as a few isolated cases of
resurgence, will continue to emerge, the worst seems to be over and we will surely win this battle
soon.
Comprehensive Identification of Astilbin Metabolites in Rats Based on Multiple Metabolite Templates Combined with UHPLC-Q-Exactive Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Jiang Shan , Li Haoran , Yang Ailin , Zhang Hongbing , Dong Pingping , Dong Fan , Dai Long , Wang Shaoping , Zhang Jiayu
Published: August 2021

Background :

Astilbin, a dihydroflavonoid compound widely found in plants, exhibits a variety of pharmacological
activities and biological effects. However, little is known about the metabolism of this active compound
in vivo, which is very helpful for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis and application of astilbin.

Objective:

To establish a rapid profiling and identification method for metabolites in rat urine, faeces and plasma
using a UHPLC-Q-Exactive mass spectrometer in negative ion mode.

Methods:

In this study, a simple and rapid systematic strategy and 7 metabolite templates, which were established
based on previous reports, were utilized to screen and identify astilbin metabolites.

Results:

As a result, a total of 71 metabolites were detected and characterized, among which 32 metabolites were
found in rat urine, while 27 and 38 metabolites were characterized from rat plasma and faeces, respectively. These
metabolites were presumed to be generated through ring cleavage, sulfation, dehydrogenation, methylation, hydroxylation,
glucuronidation, dehydroxylation and their composite reactions.

Conclusion:

This study illustrated the capacity of the sensitive UHPLC-Q-Exactive mass spectrometer analytical
system combined with the data-mining methods to rapidly elucidate the unknown metabolism. Moreover, the comprehensive
metabolism study of astilbin provided an overall metabolic profile, which will be of great help in predicting
the in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles and understanding the action mechanism of this active ingredient.
DDX39B Predicts Poor Survival and Associated with Clinical Benefit of Anti-PD-L1 Therapy in ccRCC
Authors: Wei Jinhuan , Lu Jun , Cao Yun , Yao Gaosheng , Huang Yong , Zhao Hongwei , Pan Yihui , Feng Zihao , Chen Zhenhua , Chen Wei , Luo Junhang , Cao Jiazheng
Published: August 2021

Background:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been shown to improve overall
survival (OS) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients. However, less than half of the
ccRCC patients have objective response to ICI.

Objective:

We aim to assess the role of DDX39B in predicting ccRCC patients'OS and ICI therapy
response.

Methods:

DDX39B was detected by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray of 305 ccRCC
patients. DDX39B and its relationship with the prognosis of ccRCC were also evaluated in TCGA
set and a RECA-EU set. The expression of DDX39B and patients survival was also analysed in
two datasets of ccRCC patients treated with ICI.

Results:

Overexpression of DDX39B predicted poor OS of ccRCC patients in SYSU set, TCGA
set, and a RECA-EU set. DDX39B expression was significantly positive with the expression of
PD-L1 and other immunomodulators., DDX39B negatively correlated with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte
and HDAC10 exon 3 inclusion in ccRCC. DDX39B knockdown decreased the expression of
PD-L1 and increased the expression of HDAC10 exon 3 in renal cancer ACHN cells. Patients of
ccRCC with lower levels of HDAC10 exon 3 inclusion have higher TNM stage, higher Fuhrman
grade and poor OS. There was a tendency that patients with DDX39B high expression had longer
OS and PFS than patients with DDX39B low expression in ccRCC patients treated with ICI.

Conclusion:

DDX39B gene is highly expressed in ccRCC and is closely related to patients' OS.
DDX39B might increase PD-L1 expression via the enhancement of HDAC10 exon 3 skipping,
thereby promoting the ICI therapy response.
The Association Between Overweight or Obesity and the Risk of Uterine
Leiomyoma: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jenabi Ensiyeh , Khazaei Salman , Aghababaei Soodabeh , Soltani Farzaneh
Published: August 2021

Aim:

The present study is a meta-analysis to identify the relationship between BMI and uterine leiomyoma.

Methods:

The major international databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences (WOS) were searched to identify eligible studies in English language writing from their inception to 30 of June 2019. The pooled Odds Ratios (OR), Relative Ratio (RR), and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated as random effect estimates of association among studies. The findings of 10 studies showed an increased risk of uterine leiomyoma in the overweight and obese women compared to women with normal weight: RR=1.21 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.30) and OR=1.50 (95% CI: 1.29, 1.71) for overweight women and RR=1.34 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.57) and OR=1.99 (95% CI: 1.11, 2.87) for obese women.

Result:

Our meta-analysis suggests that obesity and overweight in women are associated with an increase in the risk of uterine leiomyoma.

Conclusion:

Therefore, clinical attention to uterine leiomyoma should be more performed, because leiomyoma can be a source of mortality in women.
Mini-Review on Bioanalytical Estimation of Brinzolamide
Authors: Bhattacharya Sankha , Madrewar Ajay B. , Deshpande Ashwini
Published: August 2021

Brinzolamide is a treatment option for glaucoma. As glaucoma is the third leading
cause of blindness, there is a need for analytical methods to obtain an effective drug with great
precision and accuracy. Even if brinzolamide is official in IP and USP, different analytical methods
still need to be brought in one place, which would help attain better results and easy comparison
for other analysis specifications and procedures. This review helps to understand and gather
different analysis techniques or biological fluid techniques of brinzolamide in a dosage form.
These techniques include UV spectroscopy, HPLC, LC-MS, and TLC densitometry.
Prediction of Off-Target Effects in CRISPR/Cas9 System by Ensemble Learning
Authors: Fan Yongxian , Xu Haibo
Published: August 2021

Background:

CRISPR/Cas9, a new generation of targeted gene editing technology with low
cost and simple operation has been widely employed in the field of gene editing. The erroneous cutting
of off-target sites in CRISPR/Cas9 is called off-target effect, which is also the biggest complication that
CRISPR/Cas9 confronts in practical application. To be specific, the off-target effects could lead to unexpected
gene editing results. Therefore, accurately predicting CRISPR/Cas9 off-target effect is a very
important task. Predicting off-target effects of CRISPR/Cas9 by machine learning method is feasible,
but most existing off-target tools did not pay close attention to the effects of gene encoding on prediction.

Methods:

We compared three encoding methods based on One-Hot and combined the gene sequence
with four CRISPR/Cas9 off-target prediction tools to build an ensemble model with XGBoost, designated
as XGBCRISPR. The grid search is employed to find the optimal parameters to achieve the best performance.

Results:

The performance is compared with existing tools based on the ROC value and PRC value. The
experimental results show that the XGBCRISPR model is superior to the existing tools.

Conclusion:

The new model could achieve better prediction result than existing tools, but the accuracy
of model can be improved further as many off-target scores appear.
Hypoxia Boosts Aerobic Glycolysis in Carcinoma: A Complex Process for
Tumour Development
Authors: Zheng Xiuqin , Fan Hui , Liu Yang , Wei Zhonghong , Li Xiaoman , Wang Aiyun , Chen Wenxing , Lu Yin
Published: August 2021

:

Hypoxia, a common feature of malignant tumours, is mainly caused by insufficient oxygen
supply. Hypoxia is closely associated with cancer development, affecting cancer invasion, metastasis,
energy metabolism, and other pathological processes, and is not conducive to cancer treatment
and prognosis. Tumour cells exacerbate metabolic abnormalities to adapt to the hypoxic microenvironment,
especially to enhance aerobic glycolysis. Glycolysis leads to an acidic microenvironment
in cancer tissues, enhancing cancer metastasis, deterioration, and drug resistance. Therefore,
hypoxia is a therapeutic target that cannot be ignored in cancer treatment. The adaptation of tumour
cells to hypoxia is mainly regulated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), and the stability of
HIFs is improved under hypoxic conditions. HIFs can promote glycolysis in tumours by regulating
glycolytic enzymes, transporters, and the TCA cycle. In addition, HIFs indirectly affect glycolysis
by interacting with non- coding RNAs. Therefore, targeting hypoxia and HIFs is important for tumour
therapy.
Heat Transfer Mechanisms by Jet Impingement on a Convex Surface : A Review
Authors: Kim Tongbeum , Barratt Dylan , Atkins Michael , Schekman Sjouke , Lu Tian J.
Published: August 2021

Jet impingement in engineering applications is used because of the capacity to transport
high levels of heat flux from a surface of interest for cooling purposes. Thus far, based on a vast
database of experiments and numerical simulations, several correlations have been established for
local and average heat transfer on target surfaces as functions of relevant fluid properties and geometric
parameters. In addition to these correlations, significant efforts have been made to gain fundamental
understanding of jet impingement in varying configurations. However, the physics governing
heat transfer by jet impingement is conjectured and even unclear. Thus, this article collates and
discusses recent advances in fluidic mechanisms underlying the heat transfer by submerged jet impingement
on a convex surface. The fluid properties developed on a convex surface due to jet impingement
with varied characteristics, including jet-to-target surface spacing, interchange their primary
roles in heat transfer from/to a convex surface. Particularly, conjectures associated with relevant
fluidic mechanisms that have been widely accepted, are confirmed, clarified, and corrected.
Contribuição das ferramentas administrativas para a gestão de documentos o método de análise e melhoria de processos (MAMP)
Authors: Almeida Maria Fabiana Izidio de , Vitoriano Marcia Cristina de Carvalho Pazin , Davanzo Luciana
Published: August 2021

Documents that are produced, received and accumulated by organizations are essential for decision-making, whether for proving rights, duties, as well as recording the memory of work processes. This denotes that organizations that do not have archival policies regarding standards, methods and procedures contribute to greater difficulty in accessing information. Considering this context, the research problem arises: what are the tools capable of assisting organizations in mapping their processes and contributing to document management? In order to guide the search for the answer to the problema-question of this research, it was established as a general objective to identify a set of administrative management tools, which combine complementary characteristics capable of mapping processes and information in the organizational environment and characterizing its connection with the document management process. As a theoretical foundation, concepts from Archivology, specifically RecordsManagement, and from Theory of Administration are used, in view of the process mapping tools appropriateto the theme. The research is characterized as qualitative, exploratory and descriptive, seeking to present the characteristics of the identified tools. As a result, it is proposed to use two tools that were analyzed in the work to be used together: the Method of Analysis and Process Improvement (MAMP), in an application hierarchy that provides the deepening of information collection, the details and registration of the processes and the graphic visualization of each procedural element studied.
Estudo de usuários do sistema de bibliotecas da universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Brasil)
Authors: Filipetto Adriane Terezinha , Quadros Claudemir de
Published: August 2021

This text presents the results of a study that sought to analyze the perceptions of the library system’s usersat the Federal University of Santa Maria, concerning the services and spaces offered by them. A case study was carried out anddata collection was donethrough an online questionnaire, sent to UFSM students, teachers and administrative technicians. The results showed that users are unaware of most of the spaces and services offered by libraries, which may indicate, both the under-utilization of many of them andthe convenience of the need ofa communication plan for dissemination and better guidance for users.
Contributos para o perfil das gestoras e curadoras de informação em Portugal
Authors: Fernandes Maria , Ochôa Paula
Published: August 2021

This article provides the results of the Google generation information behaviour’s study. Through the analysis ofinformation behaviour modelsdeveloped by Information Management and Curation M.A. students, from NOVA University, it was possible to give inputs to the profile of this new profissional. These models proved to be determinant to infer the competences and skills of the students and, combined with literature review, take us to the conclusion that these new information professionals have hybrid profiles with transversal and interdisciplinary competences, namely, the capability to adapt to the uncertainity resulting by the steady technological evolution and information massive production.
A Propósito do Fundo do uso coloquial à pedra angular da Arquivística custodial e patrimonialista
Authors: Corrêa Lucia Helena Miranda , Silva Armando Malheiro da
Published: August 2021

This paper establishes the coincidences between the narrative of José Saramago’s novelentitledTodos os Nomes(1997) and the actions of Natalis de Wailly in 1841 by order of Napoleon Bonaparte, France Imperator at that time, with the aim of creating an operative framework to organize the documentsof the France National Archives which had been dismantled to attend Bonaparte’s governance. The broadobjective of this paper is to analyze the peculiarities of the word ‘fonds’used in Saramago’s book and of the technical term Fonds created by Natalis de Wailly. Specifically, it aims to approach the multifunctional character of the word ‘fonds’colloquially used in Todos os Nomes(1997) and its transformation in technical and operative stratagem by Natalis de Wailly in 1841; highlight the conceptual confusions between Fonds, Archive Fonds and Archive present in custodial Archivistics and show the relations between the attitude of Mr.José (fictional character in Saramago’s plot) and the positionof Natalis de Wailly (real character of France of the 19thcentury) in regard to the manner how both, each one in his spatial/temporal context, personifythe maxim “You know the name you were given, you do not know the name that you have”.
Pesquisa Arquivística uma análise dos Planos de Atividade Complementar do curso de Arquivologia da Universidade de Brasília (2007-2019)
Authors: Melo Katia Isabelli , Ricci Ana Luísa
Published: August 2021

This article aims to identify and analyze the research developed in the Archival Science Programat University of Brasília, inthe form of the Plano de Atividade Complementar(PAC). Through investigations that contribute to the expansion of archival knowledge and enable the generation of new discoveries, PAC has in its composition a faculty advisor and Archival Science undergraduate students. As a methodology, a quali-quantitative analysis of this production was proposed, adopting, as a theoretical reference, the classification defined by Couture and Lajeunesse (2014) for archival research. The results indicate a low rate of students enrolled in research of this nature and present three themes with greater incidence. Some investigations have won awards at scientific events and others have been published in national and foreign journals.
Optimalisasi Geostrategi Indonesia di Selat Malaka
Authors: Amirul Haqiqi Frisky
Published: August 2021

The Strait of Malacca is the busiest in the world. It happens because the Malacca Strait is one of the essential keys in energy trading. It started from being the target of pirates and armed robbery to the target of foreign intervention in the Malacca Strait. Feeling that its sovereignty was threatened, Indonesia did several things to maintain the sovereignty of the Malacca Strait as part of Indonesian territory. It was starting from the refusal to cooperate with foreigners to cooperate with the littoral state. This paper will explain the importance of the Malacca Straits in world trade and why Indonesia's sovereignty is threatened due to foreign activities in the Malacca Strait. This paper is based on Indonesia's geostrategy and National Resilience which is part of Indonesia's geostrategy itself.
Composición, diversidad y estructura de especies leñosas en los bosques templados de Monte Grande, Sierra Fría, Aguascalientes, México
Authors: Martínez-Calderón Víctor Manuel , Sosa-Ramírez Joaquín , Siqueiros-Delgado María Elena , Díaz-Núñez Vicente
Published: August 2021

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Dentro del Área Natural Protegida Sierra Fría (ANPSF), Aguascalientes, México, se han llevado a cabo algunos estudios sobre la composición, diversidad y dinámica de los bosques templados en zonas bajas; en este trabajo se estudia Monte Grande, su zona más alta. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar la composición, la diversidad y la estructura de las comunidades de especies leñosas en los bosques templados de Monte Grande, dentro del ANPSF. Métodos: Los individuos con un diámetro basal ≥5 cm se midieron en 32 transectos de 300 m2. Se realizó una agrupación por medio de un análisis cluster y posteriormente los datos se analizaron mediante pruebas de Kruskal-Wallis y ANOVA para encontrar diferencias entre asociaciones vegetales. Los datos analizados incluyeron densidad, área basal, altura, valor de importancia relativa, riqueza y número de especies efectivas. Resultados clave: Veintiséis especies leñosas (nueve géneros y ocho familias) se identificaron en cinco asociaciones: bosque de encino de Quercus sideroxyla-Quercus rugosa, bosque de encino de Quercus potosina-Arctostaphylos pungens, bosque mixto de Quercus-Pinus, bosque mixto de Juniperus-Quercus y bosque de Juniperus. El bosque de Q. sideroxyla-Q. rugosa presentó la mayor área basal (53 m2/ha) y el bosque de Quercus-Pinus, la mayor densidad (2200 ind/ha). El número de especies efectivas oscila entre 1.50-4.031D y 1.27-3.242D. La abundancia de A. pungens y J. deppeana, consideradas pioneras, fue alta. Conclusiones: La estructura y diversidad de las asociaciones presentaron diferencias debidas a su composición, condiciones en las que se desarrollan e historial de manejo de Monte Grande. La información generada proporciona un marco de referencia para la toma de decisiones en relación con la conservación y aprovechamiento de los bosques de la región.
PECS (Picture Exchange Communication System) Terhadap Keterampilan Sosial Anak ADHD (Attention Deficit-Hyperactive Disorder)
Authors: Sari Virgian Ferda , Sukerti Ni Wayan
Published: August 2021

This research aimed to identify the effects of PECS on the social skills of a student with ADHD, who experienced delayed in communication and social interaction. This research used Single Subject Design, with A-B-A design as the research design. The data were presented using graphics and analyzed using visual analysis. The subject of this research was a first grader with ADHD in an Inclusive Elementary School.  The result of this research showed that there was an effect on the implementation of PECS on the social skill of a student with ADHD; the student’s tendency to refuse the invitation to play together with others decreased. Moreover, the implementation of PECS enabled the student to understand the kinds of social skills that could be done together through PECS’s interactive pictures. Furthermore, it was found that PECS could optimize the student’s communicative and cognitive aspects.
Metode Explicit Instruction Terhadap Keterampilan Mengolah Kue Nusantara Bagi Mahasiswa Berkebutuhan Khusus (Tunarungu)
Authors: Asmaul Rina , Karyanto Yunus , Rafikayati Ana
Published: August 2021

Mendiskripsikan peranan metode explicit instruction terhadap keterampilan mengolah kue nusantara bagi mahasiswa berkebutuhan khusus (tunarungu) merupakan tujuan penelitian ini. Jenis penelitian yang di gunakan yaitu studi kepustakaan (library research). Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu dengan metode dokumentasi. Sumber data yang digunakan penelitian ini yaitu dari jurnal, buku dan artikel terkait tentang metode explicit instruction terhadap keterampilan mengolah kue nusantara bagi mahasiswa berkebutuhan khususu (tunarungu). Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis isi dengan pengkajian dilakukan pengecekan ulang antar pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini adalah metode explicit instruction berperan penting dalam keterampilan mengolah kue nusantara bagi mahasiswa berkebutuhan khususu (tunarungu) yakni dengan menerapkan sesuai langkah-langkah pada metode explicit instruction yang diajarkan selangkah demi selangkah oleh Dosen agar mahasiswa tunarungu memahami dalam setiap langkah pada keterampilan mengolah kue nusantara yang diajarkan.
Finding Relevant Psychoeducation Content for Adolescents Experiencing Symptoms of Depression: Content Analysis of User-Generated Online Texts
Authors: Dysthe Kim K , Haavet Ole R , Røssberg Jan I , Brandtzaeg Petter B , Følstad Asbjørn , Klovning Atle
Published: August 2021

Background

Symptoms of depression are frequent in youth and may develop into more severe mood disorders, suggesting interventions should take place during adolescence. However, young people tend not to share mental problems with friends, family, caregivers, or professionals. Many receive misleading information when searching the internet. Among several attempts to create mental health services for adolescents, technological information platforms based on psychoeducation show promising results. Such development rests on established theories and therapeutic models. To fulfill the therapeutic potential of psychoeducation in health technologies, we lack data-driven research on young peoples’ demand for information about depression.

Objective

Our objective is to gain knowledge about what information is relevant to adolescents with symptoms of depression. From this knowledge, we can develop a population-specific psychoeducation for use in different technology platforms.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative, constructivist-oriented content analysis of questions submitted by adolescents aged 16-20 years to an online public information service. A sample of 100 posts containing questions on depression were randomly selected from a total of 870. For analysis, we developed an a priori codebook from the main information topics of existing psychoeducational programs on youth depression. The distribution of topic prevalence in the total volume of posts containing questions on depression was calculated.

Results

With a 95% confidence level and a ±9.2% margin of error, the distribution analysis revealed the following categories to be the most prevalent among adolescents seeking advice about depression: self-management (33%, 61/180), etiology (20%, 36/180), and therapy (20%, 36/180). Self-management concerned subcategories on coping in general and how to open to friends, family, and caregivers. The therapy topic concerned therapy options, prognosis, where to seek help, and how to open up to a professional. We also found young people dichotomizing therapy and self-management as opposite entities. The etiology topic concerned stressors and risk factors. The diagnosis category was less frequently referred to (9%, 17/180).

Conclusions

Self-management, etiology, and therapy are the most prevalent categories among adolescents seeking advice about depression. Young people also dichotomize therapy and self-management as opposite entities. Future research should focus on measures to promote self-management, measures to stimulate expectations of self-efficacy, information about etiology, and information about diagnosis to improve self-monitoring skills, enhancing relapse prevention.
Characteristics of Acute Childhood Illness Apps for Parents: Environmental Scan
Authors: Benoit James , Hartling Lisa , Chan Michelle , Scott Shannon
Published: August 2021

Background

Providing parents with resources that aid in the identification and management of acute childhood illnesses helps those parents feel better equipped to assess their children’s health and significantly changes parental health-seeking behaviors. Some of these resources are limited by accessibility and scalability. Remote locations and staffing limitations create challenges for parents aiming to access their child’s health information. Mobile health apps offer a scalable, accessible solution for improving health literacy by enabling access to health information through mobile devices. 

Objective

The aim of our study is to create an inventory of acute childhood illness apps that are available to North American parents and caregivers, assess their quality, and identify the areas in which future apps can be improved.

Methods

We conducted an environmental scan to identify and summarize app information for parents and digital health researchers. The Google and Apple app marketplaces were used as search platforms. We built a list of search terms and searched the platforms for apps targeted at parents and related to acute pediatric illnesses in the United States and Canada. We assessed apps meeting the inclusion criteria using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS), a validated tool for assessing the quality of health apps. The MARS examines apps on 5 subscales: engagement, functionality, aesthetics, information quality, and subjective quality. Data were analyzed by MARS subscale averages and individual item scores.

Results

Overall, 650 unique apps were screened, and 53 (8.2%) were included. On a scale of 1-5, apps had an average engagement score of 2.82/5 (SD 0.86), functionality score of 3.98/5 (SD 0.72), aesthetics score of 3.09/5 (SD 0.87), information quality score of 2.73/5 (SD 1.32), and subjective quality score of 2.20/5 (SD 0.79). On the same scale of 1-5, app scores ranged from 2.2/5 to 4.5/5 (mean 3.2, SD 0.6). The top 3 MARS-scored apps were Baby and Child First Aid (4.5/5), Ada (4.5/5), and HANDi Paediatric (4.2/5). Taken together, the top 3 apps covered topics of emergency pediatric first aid, identification of (and appropriate response to) common childhood illnesses, a means of checking symptoms, and a means of responding to emergency situations. There was a lack of Canadian-based app content available to parents in both marketplaces; this space was filled with content originating primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States. In addition, published evidence of the impact of the included apps was poor: of 53 apps, only 5 (9%) had an evidence base showing that the app had been trialed for usability or efficacy.

Conclusions

There is a need for evidence-based acute childhood illness apps of Canadian origin. This environmental scan offers a comprehensive picture of the health app landscape by examining trends in acute childhood illness apps that are readily available to parents and by identifying gaps in app design.
Accuracy and Diversity of Wearable Device–Based Gait Speed Measurement Among Older Men: Observational Study
Authors: Kang Min-gu , Kang Seong-Ji , Roh Hye-Kang , Jung Hwa-Young , Kim Sun‑wook , Choi Jung-Yeon , Kim Kwang-il
Published: August 2021

Background

Gait speed measurements are widely used in clinical practice, as slow gait is a major predictor of frailty and a diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia. With the development of wearable devices, it is possible to estimate the gait speed in daily life by simply wearing the device.

Objective

This study aims to accurately determine the characteristics of daily life gait speed and analyze their association with sarcopenia.

Methods

We invited community-dwelling men aged >50 years who had visited the outpatient clinic at a tertiary university hospital to participate in the study. Daily life gait speed was assessed using a wearable smart belt (WELT) for a period of 4 weeks. Data from participants who wore the smart belt for at least 10 days during this period were included. After 4 weeks, data from a survey about medical and social history, usual gait speed measurements, handgrip strength measurements, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were analyzed.

Results

A total of 217,578 daily life gait speed measurements from 106 participants (mean age 71.1, SD 7.6 years) were analyzed. The mean daily life gait speed was 1.23 (SD 0.26) m/s. The daily life gait speed of the participants varied according to the time of the day and day of the week. Daily life gait speed significantly slowed down with age (P<.001). Participants with sarcopenia had significantly lower mean daily life gait speed (mean 1.12, SD 0.11 m/s) than participants without sarcopenia (mean 1.23, SD 0.08 m/s; P<.001). Analysis of factors related to mean daily life gait speed showed that age and skeletal muscle mass of the lower limbs were significantly associated characteristics.

Conclusions

More diverse and accurate information about gait speed can be obtained by measuring daily life gait speed using a wearable device over an appropriate period, compared with one-time measurements performed in a laboratory setting. Importantly, in addition to age, daily life gait speed is significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass of the lower limbs.
User- and Message-Level Correlates of Endorsement and Engagement for HIV-Related Messages on Twitter: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Oh Jimin , Bonett Stephen , Kranzler Elissa C , Saconi Bruno , Stevens Robin
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Youth and young adults continue to experience high rates of HIV and are also frequent users of social media. Social media platforms such as Twitter can bolster efforts to promote HIV prevention for these individuals, and while HIV-related messages exist on Twitter, little is known about the impact or reach of these messages for this population.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to address this gap in the literature by identifying user and message characteristics that are associated with tweet endorsement (favorited) and engagement (retweeted) among youth and young men (aged 13-24 years).

METHODS

In a secondary analysis of data from a study of HIV-related messages posted by young men on Twitter, we used model selection techniques to examine user and tweet-level factors associated with tweet endorsement and engagement.

RESULTS

Tweets from personal user accounts garnered greater endorsement and engagement than tweets from institutional users (aOR 3.27, 95% CI 2.75-3.89; P<.001). High follower count was associated with increased endorsement and engagement (aOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06; P<.001); tweets that discussed STIs garnered lower endorsement and engagement (aOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.47-1.74; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Findings suggest practitioners should partner with youth to design and disseminate HIV prevention messages on social media, incorporate content that resonates with youth audiences, and work to challenge stigma and foster social norms conducive to open conversation about sex, sexuality, and health.
Development of the Key Performance Indicators for Digital Health Interventions: A Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Brenner Maria , Weir Arielle , McCann Margaret , Doyle Carmel , Hughes Mary , Moen Anne , Ingvar Martin , Nauwelaerts Koen , Turk Eva , McCabe Catherine
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Development of the Key Performance Indicators for Digital Health Interventions: A Scoping Review

OBJECTIVE

Digital health interventions (DHIs) offer new methods for delivering healthcare, with the potential to innovate healthcare services. Key performance indicators (KPIs) play a role in evaluation, measurement, and improvement in healthcare quality and service performance. The scoping review question was developed following an initial search to identify literature to assist in the development of KPIs for an ongoing DHI initiative. During the initial search, it became clear that there was limited literature on how to develop specific and measurable KPIs that evaluate DHIs. The aim of this scoping review was to identify current knowledge and evidence surrounding the development of KPIs for DHIs.

METHODS

A rigorous literature search was conducted across ten key databases: AMED - The Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CINAHL Complete, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, EMBASE, EBM Reviews - Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, EBM Reviews - Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, EBM Reviews - Health Technology Assessment, and IEEE Xplore. A descriptive summary of the literature was performed, and thematic analysis identified important or reoccurring themes.

RESULTS

Five references (representing four unique publications) were eligible for the review. Of the four included publications, two were articles on original research studies of a specific DHI, and two were overviews of methods for developing DHIs (not specific to a single DHI). All the included reports discussed the involvement of stakeholders in developing KPIs for DHIs. The step of identifying and defining the KPIs was completed using various methodologies, but all centered on a form of stakeholder involvement. Potential options for stakeholder involvement for KPI identification include the use of an elicitation framework, a factorial survey approach, or a Delphi study. Most of the included articles recognised the lack of literature relating to KPI development for DHIs, compared to the breath of literature available on the development of KPIs in other fields like health or informatics

CONCLUSIONS

Few articles were identified, highlighting a significant gap in the evidence-based knowledge in this domain. All the included articles discussed the involvement of stakeholders in developing KPIs for DHIs, which was performed using various methodologies. The articles acknowledged a lack of literature related to KPI development for DHIs. To allow comparability between KPI initiatives and facilitate work in the field, further research would be beneficial to develop a common methodology for KPI development for DHIs.
The Influence of Sociological Factors on Student Achievement in Mathematics in Israel
Authors: Cohen Shirly Ester
Published: August 2021

The education system and the higher education system are a main key to enter the occupational system in high-tech industries in science and technology areas—the most successful field in Israel in the last few years. This field ensures much higher income than the economy average and may also lead to social mobility. In order to admit these studies, the higher education system sets preliminary threshold terms as the student’s grade in mathematics matriculation test and the number of study units he studied. As a result, these two systems create a pyramid that as we go higher on it, the learner rate declines.In international perspective the State of Israel was ranked in the lowest places in quantitative literacy achievements in the years 2006-2018. In addition, Israel is one of the countries with the largest disparities among the OECD countries during all research years.This article will present findings from research literature that provide a general overview of student achievements in mathematics in Israel and in addition we will discuss the influence level of sociological factors on student achievement in mathematics.
Natural Resources-Tribal Right to Life
Authors: Yellaiah Gatti
Published: August 2021

The tribal are booned to use natural resource, but not to distruct the resources. Since they are the dependent on nature, several times there is a chance to destruct nature in their hands. They have enjoyed the right of land, forest, and water as the natural right. The tribal have the communal right. These resources will play a key role in the development of the country. We need to protect these resources. It is the responsibility of all the people, but the greed of man is leading to the destruction of the natural resources throughout the world. Natural resources are not the commony property.
La relación de la música en dos novelas costarricenses: Cierto azul de Fernando Contreras Castro y Cómo ríe la luna de Vernor Muñoz
Authors: Martínez Alpízar Diana
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo analiza el papel de la música en dos novelas costarricenses: Cierto azul de Fernando Contreras y Cómo ríe la luna de Vernor Muñoz. A partir de la metodología propuesta por Hallet (2015), se estudia de qué manera los distintos géneros musicales operan interna o externamente en cada uno de los textos. En el caso de la novela de Contreras, el interés se centra en el jazz, y en la de Muñoz en el calipso y el tango. Para el primer texto, se concluye que el jazz cumple un papel esencial en la caracterización y conformación de los personajes principales. Éstos encarnan valores asociados al jazz —la libertad y la improvisación, por ejemplo— como parte de su filosofía de vida, la cual se mueve al ritmo del jazz. En el caso de la segunda novela, el calipso —su carácter vibrante y desafiante— configura uno de los personajes principales del texto; en tanto, la melancolía y la tristeza propia del tango determinan al otro. La presencia de ambos géneros musicales en Cómo ríe la luna también permite una reflexión sobre la constitución de identidades nacionales o colectivas. En ambas novelas costarricenses, el análisis de la presencia de la música amplía las posibilidades de lectura.
Joyce centrífugo o la suciedad por amor al arte
Authors: Ramey James
Published: August 2021

En respuesta a la crítica realizada por Caren Kaplan al exilio modernista, este artículo reutiliza la teoría bajtiniana como un instrumento para comprender el cruce de fronteras y la ruptura de barreras joyceanas como formas de centrifugalidad. El trabajo también cuestiona si un novelista al que Bajtín ignoró podría haber producido la máxima expresión de los propios ideales de representación novelística de su obra: dialógico, carnavalesco, multicronotópico, corpocéntrico y lingo-culturalmente interestratificado. Para avanzar en este argumento, el principal concepto bajtiniano de heteroglosia se expande más allá de su ámbito original, intranovelista, para describir tanto las energías como las tensas complejidades del exilio como motor del arte modernista. Una propuesta de eje teórico que vincula el exilio, la heteroglosia y el formalismo ruso conduce a una discusión sobre la obscenidad como un objeto centrífugo y estético para Joyce: la suciedad por amor al arte. Y esto a su vez conduce a un análisis de los distintos niveles de representación interestratificadas en Ulysses como una forma de heteroglosia cuyo poder depende tanto del elemento exílico como del elemento afectivo. Finalmente, este artículo demuestra que Ulysses, como un alejamiento radical del lenguaje estándar y centrípeto de sus primeras novelas, representa la quintaesencia de la heteroglosia novelística, no sólo en su estilo sino también en términos espaciales: los de las fuerzas centrífugas y mutantes representadas por sus viajes por el mundo y la imagen exílica de su creador.
The Implementation of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) trough Lesson Study: A Case Study at Islamic School in Thailand
Authors: Masyhud Masyhud , Nurbatra Laela Hikmah , Hartiningsih Sri
Published: August 2021

In this millennial era, Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is regarded as an important theme in education. The theme has emerged in all learning activities as it enables students to use critical thinking in their problem-solving. HOTS cannot be separated from Bloom’s Taxonomy. HOTS is important to be integrated with classes in diverse school settings. Therefore, the aim of this research is to draw the implementation of HOTS through Lesson Study. The research was conducted in one of the Islamic schools in south Thailand. The school is an Islamic Boarding School that integrates Islamic values in its learning and teaching process. Based on a preliminary interview with the school administrator, the students are coming from different economical backgrounds. As the consequence, they have a different level of cognitive and linguistic competence. Moreover, the present research was utilized a qualitative approach to describe the implementation of HOTS through Lesson Study. To acquire adequate data, participatory observation, Focused group discussion (FGD), and document analysis were used as the research instrument. The result shows that HOTS in this school in several activities such as game competitions, group discussion, and roleplay. It can guide students to expose their English skills
Kesadaran metakognitif siswa setelah mengikuti pembelajaran modifikasi cooperative script dipadu Hybrid-PjBl
Authors: Nurwidodo Nurwidodo , Aisyah Dini Fithria Nurul , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Empowering students’ metacognitive awareness is among the 21st century learning strategies. This research aims to determine the profile of students’ metacognitive awareness in Biology subject through the implementation of Cooperative Script (CS) modification strategy combined with Hybrid-PjBl. It employed quantitative method with the participants of students from XI IPA SMA 5 Malang. The instrument for data collection was Metacognitive Awareness Inventory, with descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment as data analysis techniques. Results show that 20% of students’ metacognitive awareness was in the “very good” category; 40% of students in the “good” category; while the remaining 40% were in the “fair” category. Based on more detailed analyses, one component of metacognition is classified as “fair”, six components are classified as “good”, while the rest is classified as “very good”. Most metacognition components are correlated with each other. These findings indicate that Biology learning with CS modification combined with Hybrid-PjBL potentially empowers students’ metacognitive awareness.