bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Silla’s Diplomacy with the Tang and the Huainan Circuit around the 9th Century
Authors:   The Bukak Historical Society, Cho lee-ok
Published: February 2025

This article examines the actual nature of Silla-Tang relations through the diplomatic exchanges between Silla and the Huainan Circuit around the 9th century. Following the An Lushan Rebellion, the military governors originally appointed in specific areas expanded their control across the Tang territory. As a result, Silla had no choice but to pass through intermediary circuits to communicate with the Tang. Given that the Hebei and Henan regions, the bases of the rebellion, were mired in prolonged political turmoil, it is believed that Silla maintained diplomatic relations with the Tang via the Huainan Circuit, which had its administrative center in Yangzhou.
Amid these shifts in the political landscape surrounding the Tang, the Huainan Circuit in Yangzhou, situated along the route connecting Tang and Silla, served as a bridge for diplomacy and trade between the two nations. As the Tang-centered international order began to loosen around the 9th century, elucidating the negotiations between Silla and the Huainan Circuit offers a new perspective on Silla-Tang relations, moving beyond the traditional framework of tributary diplomacy.
Kim Bang-gyeong(1212~1300)'s contemporary and posthumous evaluation and significance
Authors:   The Bukak Historical Society, Hong Young-Eui
Published: February 2025

Kim Bang-gyeong was born in 1212 (the first year of King Gangjong’s reign) and died in 1300(the 26th year of King Chungnyeol’s reign) at the age of 89. He entered public service through hereditary appointment at the age of 16 and held various civil and military posts in the central and local governments for 56 years until he resigned at the age of 72. He suffered all kinds of hardships, including demotion, several false accusations, and exile. He fought in the war with Mongolia, suppressed the Sambyeolcho, and went on two expeditions to Japan. He also traveled to the Yuan Dynasty as an envoy 11 times. This was a different life from that of Goryeo officials at the time. Kim Bang-gyeong, who had to take responsibility for the nation's security while living through the period of military rule, the Mongol invasion, and the period of Yuan intervention, was known as a “well-rounded man of both literature and martial arts” who was a civil servant, a general, and a prime minister in charge of state affairs, running around from east to west to overcome national crises, becoming a famous general on the battlefield and a famous prime minister in the court. Also, despite being known as a military general, he was interested in learning, and was skilled in Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, and the Book of Changes and military strategy. He also showed ex traordinary skills in calligraphy and writing. Kim Bang-gyeong lived during the turbulent 13th century, a century of war, and was a person who was at the center of the whirlpool of history. He lived a consistent life at the center of major events in foreign relations, such as the war with Mongolia, the resistance and suppression of the Sambyeolcho, and the conquest of Japan. Nevertheless, during his 89-year life, he served in various civil and military posts in the central and local governments for 56 years from the time he entered office through hereditary appointment at the age of 16 until he resigned at the age of 72, and devoted himself to the Goryeo Dynasty. Along with the evaluation of Kim Bang-gyeong through the late Goryeo Dynasty, Joseon Dynasty, modern and contemporary times, how should we evaluate Kim Bang-gyeong in the new historical consciousness of the 21st century? Rather than looking at his life from the perspective of the oppression of the Yuan Empire and the history of overcoming national crises, shouldn't we view his practical actions, in which he thought of the maintenance of the Goryeo Dynasty and the safety of the people first, as a person who fulfilled his 'duty as a high-ranking official', which is today's 'noblesse oblige (the noble have duties)'?
Das hochriskante Freudenfeuer
Authors: Konersmann Rainer
Published: February 2025

Ein Feuerwerk anzusehen ist schon eine tolle Sache. Es ist beeindruckend, wenn professionelle Pyrotechniker phantastische Lichtwelten in den Nachthimmel zaubern. Das ist die angenehme, die erfreuliche Seite. Die andere ist das individuelle Straßenfeuerwerk, das zum Jahreswechsel die Feuerwehren und Notärzte in Atem hält. Es verursacht viele Kollateralschäden, sogar Todesfälle. Einige gesundheitliche Schäden, also Hautverbrennungen, Augen- und Hörschädigungen können mitunter nicht mehr geheilt werden. Viele Menschen leiden darunter. Auch Sachschäden an Fahrzeugen und Gebäuden verursachen jährlich Schäden in Millionenhöhe. Kann man dagegen etwas tun? Man hat es sich oft vorgenommen. Funktioniert hat es nie. Denn es ist ein millionenschwerer Wirtschaftsfaktor.
Darknet: Freiraum für sensible Kommunikation oder Underground Economy?
Authors: Rupprecht Reinhard
Published: February 2025

Der Begriff Darknet steht für ein Dunkelnetz, das Ängste hervorruft. Der nachfolgende Beitrag erläutert, wie das Darknet funktioniert und ob solche Ängste grundlos sind.
The evolution of gender roles in the dynamics of family relationships: the саsе of Uzbekistan
Authors:   Tеасhеr, Fасulty оf Lаw, Nаmаngаn Stаtе Univеrsity, Uzbekistan, Hаsаnоviсh Sultоnоv Аkmаljоn
Published: February 2025

Gеndеr rоlеs within fаmily rеlаtiоnshiрs in Uzbеkistаn hаvе undеrgоnе signifiсаnt еvоlutiоn duе tо sосiо-есоnоmiс, сulturаl, аnd роlitiсаl сhаngеs. This аrtiсlе еxрlоrеs thе shifting dynаmiсs оf gеndеr rоlеs in Uzbеk fаmiliеs, fосusing оn thе influеnсе оf trаditiоn, mоdеrnizаtiоn, аnd glоbаlizаtiоn. Whilе trаditiоnаl nоrms соntinuе tо рriоritizе distinсt rеsроnsibilitiеs fоr mеn аnd wоmеn, соntеmроrаry fасtоrs, suсh аs еduсаtiоn, еmрlоymеnt, аnd digitаlizаtiоn, hаvе lеd tо inсrеаsеd fluidity аnd nеgоtiаtiоn in fаmily rоlеs. This study highlights thе intеrрlаy bеtwееn trаditiоn аnd mоdеrnity in shарing gеndеr rоlеs аnd еxаminеs hоw thеsе сhаngеs imрасt fаmily соhеsiоn аnd sосiеtаl vаluеs. Rесоmmеndаtiоns fоr fоstеring еquitаblе аnd hаrmоniоus gеndеr dynаmiсs аrе аlsо рrоvidеd.
Psychological foundations of teaching karakalpak literature in a foreign-language environment
Authors:   PhD Candidate, Nukus State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, Abibullaevna Mambetova Gulchexra
Published: February 2025

The article examines the psychological aspects of teaching Karakalpak literature in a foreign language environment. Special attention is given to the impact of cultural and linguistic differences on the perception and understanding of literary works. The author analyzes methods and approaches that help overcome barriers in literature education for students who do not speak Karakalpak. The paper emphasizes the importance of cultural identity, emotional engagement, and student motivation, as well as the significance of applying approaches based on psychological and pedagogical theories to enhance teaching effectiveness.
Socialisation inachevee de la personne en situation de handicap: comment repenser la liminalite?
Authors:   (Ph.D) , The University of Bamenda, Yuyun Nsairun Léonard , Fortunée Dobo Zempouang Armelle ,   Université de Yaoundé I, Zachée Zobo Onono ,   Université de Yaoundé I
Published: February 2025

Liminality reflects the varied, multiple, complex and specific life contexts of people with disabilities. These contexts are marked by a succession of trials, periods of transition, initiation and social breakdown. Liminality only makes sense when referring to rituals, to the threshold moments between one life situation and another. Considered as a framework for analysing disability situations, this article takes an inclusive approach to liminality. Inclusive in the sense that it focuses on the situation of disability. The situational nature of disability requires us to assess, re-evaluate and over-evaluate, and to take into account the person's living context, their impairment(s), incapacities and activity limitations, their living environment, the quality of their social interactions and their needs. It has to be said that one of the major needs of people with disabilities is and remains inclusion, belonging to a group without distinction, being accepted and recognised as a full member in the same way as everyone else. However, this desire for full socialisation on the part of people with disabilities remains far from being achieved, not only because of personal barriers but also because of the environmental obstacles involved in the process of producing disability.
MEWUJUDKAN PERLINDUNGAN ANAK YANG BERKELANJUTAN: PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 17 TAHUN 2016
Authors: Muhammad Khaidir Kahfi Natsir
Published: February 2025

Abstrak
Tulisan ini membahas hubungan antara politik hukum dan perlindungan anak di Indonesia serta dampaknya terhadap pembentukan Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak No. 17 Tahun 2016. Masalah yang diangkat berkaitan dengan perlunya pemahaman sistem hukum yang ada dalam konteks perlindungan anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi arah politik hukum dan dinamika yang mempengaruhi perkembangan hukum perlindungan anak. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Undang-Undang Perlindungan Anak telah disahkan, terdapat tantangan dalam implementasinya, terutama terkait kejelasan dan efektivitas hukum dalam melindungi anak dari kekerasan dan eksploitasi. Kesimpulan yang diambil adalah pentingnya evaluasi dan pengawasan berkelanjutan terhadap implementasi undang-undang untuk memastikan perlindungan anak dapat tercapai secara optimal, serta menekankan bahwa politik hukum harus berlandaskan pada tujuan negara dan sistem hukum yang berlaku, sehingga menciptakan lingkungan yang aman dan mendukung perkembangan anak secara menyeluruh.
Kata kunci: Politik Hukum, Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, Perlindungan Anak, Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2016
Abstract
This paper discusses the relationship between legal politics and child protection in Indonesia and its impact on the establishment of Law No. 17 of 2016 on Child Protection. The issues raised pertain to the necessity of understanding the existing legal system in the context of child protection. The objective of this research is to explore the direction of legal politics and the dynamics influencing the development of child protection law. The method employed is a normative legal approach with descriptive analysis. The findings indicate that although the Child Protection Law has been enacted, there are challenges in its implementation, particularly regarding the clarity and effectiveness of the law in protecting children from violence and exploitation. The conclusion drawn emphasizes the importance of continuous evaluation and oversight of the law's implementation to ensure optimal child protection, while also stressing that legal politics should be based on the objectives of the state and the prevailing legal system, thereby creating a safe environment that supports the holistic development of children.
Kata kunci: Legal Politics, Law and Human Rights, Child Protection, Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2016
Asking (non-)canonical questions
Authors: Rawlins Kyle
Published: February 2025

Questions are classically taken to be requests for information, while acknowledging a wide variety of ‘non-canonical’ questions that do not have this function (e.g. rhetorical questions, exam questions, etc). A standard current approach is to take the request-for-information view as an analytical starting point and then weaken it for the counterexamples. This paper proposes an alternative view of questioning that encompasses many of these counterexamples directly: to ask a question is to open coordination on the public resolution of an issue. This coordination-centric view, I argue, accounts for much of the landscape of both canonical and non-canonical questions, while generalizing much previous work related to Questions Under Discussion in discourse.
El retablo mayor de la iglesia de la Santísima Trinidad de Alcaraz
Authors: Sánchez Ferrer José
Published: February 2025

La de la Trinidad es la iglesia gótica más significativa de la provincia de Albacete, pero con posterioridad al siglo XV se efectuaron en ella
numerosas e importantes construcciones, en ocasiones desafortunadas, por lo que ha llegado a nuestros días notablemente modificada.
Al retablo que es objeto de estudio en este libro hay que adscribirlo a los años iniciales del siglo XVI, pero a lo largo de cinco siglos fue sufriendo múltiples y sucesivas alteraciones. La obra llegó a 2020 tan transformada por reformas y añadidos que era difícil hacerse una idea de su morfología original y su deterioro le proporcionaba un aspecto deplorable.
Psicólogas(os) clínicas(os) e as demandas de mãe e pais em litígio
Authors: Martins de Sousa Analicia , Oliveira Souza Fernanda Hermínia
Published: February 2025

Psicólogas(os) clínicas(os) são procuradas(os) com frequência por genitores envolvidos em processos judiciais sobre a guarda de filhos, com alegações de alienação parental e/ou abuso sexual infantil. Nessas situações, são comuns pedidos de documentos psicológicos, os quais, invariavelmente, são encaminhados à Justiça. Além de incrementar a lide processual, tais documentos têm resultado em denúncias éticas nos Conselhos de categoria, realizadas por genitores que se veem prejudicados por seu conteúdo. Neste ensaio, objetivamos contribuir do ponto de vista teórico, técnico e ético da Psicologia para discussões acerca da produção de documentos por psicólogas(os) que atuam em consultório privado. Aliada à experiência das autoras como psicólogas jurídicas, é adotada a perspectiva social crítica da Psicologia Jurídica. Constatamos que o reduzido envolvimento daquelas(es) profissionais nos debates sobre família pós-divórcio torna as práticas na área de fácil alcance da judicialização. Apontamos, assim, como urgente e imprescindível o diálogo interdisciplinar.
O terapeuta como produtor de conhecimentos: contribuições da perspectiva construcionista social
Authors: Rasera Emerson F. , Guanaes-Lorenzi Carla
Published: February 2025

Na sociedade brasileira, a comunicação das aprendizagens cotidianas dos(as) terapeutas tem sido negligenciada, mantendo-os(as) na posição de consumidores(as) de conhecimentos e relegando a segundo plano o aspecto criativo e reflexivo de sua prática. Visando estimular os(as) terapeutas a assumirem sua responsabilidade de partilhar seus conhecimentos produzidos a partir da clínica, este ensaio busca promover uma reflexão sobre o processo de produção do conhecimento em uma perspectiva construcionista social. Inicialmente, são analisadas as contribuições construcionistas para as práticas de produção de conhecimento, explicitando sua definição de ciência, do objetivo da pesquisa, dos métodos de coleta e análise. A partir dessas contribuições, revê-se o processo de redação de um caso clínico, desde a seleção do caso, passando pela apresentação do seu desenvolvimento, até os cuidados éticos. Esperamos que essas reflexões permitam a produção de novas inteligibilidades sobre o fazer terapêutico a partir das falas e dos olhares dos(as) terapeutas e seus(suas) clientes.
Efeitos dos padrões estéticos da branquitude e do racismo nas experiências de mulheres negras
Authors: Cosmo de Souza Franceschi Natalyta , Kerry dos Santos Daniel
Published: February 2025

Neste artigo são analisados os efeitos dos padrões estéticos da branquitude e do racismo nas experiências de mulheres negras. Apresentam-se os resultados de uma pesquisa qualitativa da qual participaram quatro mulheres autodeclaradas negras, com faixa etária entre 24 e 27 anos, residentes na região da Grande Florianópolis (SC). Para a análise das narrativas, escutadas a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas, foi utilizada a perspectiva teórico-metodológica de análise das práticas discursivas e das produções de sentidos (Spink & Medrado, 2013). As análises indicaram dois marcos temporais que aludem às experiências de negritude das mulheres escutadas: o “antes” e o “após” o processo de identificação positiva com a negritude. Considera-se que a construção de identidades raciais e de experiências de negritude são processos contínuos que possibilitam gestos de nomeações, reposicionamentos subjetivos e identitários e fortalecimentos coletivos como formas de resistências ao racismo experienciado por mulheres negras.
O self do terapeuta sistêmico como recurso na psicoterapia individual
Authors: Brusque Radke Mariane , Batista da Costa Crístofer
Published: February 2025

As características do terapeuta e a capacidade da dupla terapeuta-paciente de estabelecer um vínculo seguro são discutidos na literatura científica porque são fatores comuns às psicoterapias e imprescindíveis para o sucesso do tratamento. Considerando esse aspecto, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e descrever os pressupostos conceituais relacionados à ideia de self do terapeuta como recurso que favorece o desenvolvimento da aliança terapêutica e das intervenções em psicoterapia. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão narrativa da literatura científica por meio do qual se apresenta uma análise qualitativa das publicações relacionadas à temática do self do terapeuta. Foram encontrados conceitos como campo vincular do terapeuta, empatia, estilos terapêuticos e teoria do apego. Com base nos resultados, são discutidos à luz da perspectiva sistêmica o histórico, as propositivas instrumentais encontradas pelos autores estudados, a elaboração do conceito a partir de diferentes perspectivas teóricas e, por fim, as alternativas e limitações que a pesquisa e a prática clínica sobre esse campo ainda apresentam.
Coterapia e equipe reflexiva como instrumento de formação no Curso de Psicologia
Authors: Silva Anchielle Crislane Henrique , Marra Marlene Magnabosco
Published: February 2025

Este trabalho verificou a importância da equipe reflexiva e coterapia na formação de estudantes de psicologia. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo– exploratório, com uso de dois instrumentos: questionário e roda de conversa. Participaram 16 acadêmicos do oitavo semestre de um Centro Universitário no oeste da Bahia. Os relatos foram analisados em seu conteúdo. Os participantes apontaram como fator de importância o próprio amadurecimento pessoal e profissional a partir da colaboração entre eles. Apresentaram confiança no processo, mas questionaram sua aplicabilidade fora do contexto acadêmico. Descreveram ainda, dificuldades com os aspectos teórico-técnicos e com o trabalho em equipe. Salienta-se, que mesmo sendo uma proposta recente para este grupo, a praticabilidade dos processos reflexivos como recurso didático revela-se promissora.
Enfermeiras superando desafios cotidianos e pós-pandemia de covid-19 com o “Ritmos da Vida”
Authors: Mara da Silva Aiane , Bragheto Ferreira Cintia
Published: February 2025

A Enfermagem enfrenta desafios que foram acentuados na pandemia de covid-19, acarretando a necessidade do cuidado dos profissionais. Para tanto, buscou-se compreender como recursos baseados no “Ritmos da Vida” podem contribuir para o enfrentamento dos desafios vivenciados por enfermeiros, que atuaram na assistência a pacientes com covid-19 e síndrome pós-covid. Realizou-se uma pesquisa-intervenção, de abordagem qualitativa, orientada pelo construcionismo social, em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento (UPA) 24h localizada em Minas Gerais. O “Ritmos da Vida” foram propostos em duas oficinas, no formato remoto, das quais participaram quatro enfermeiras. Os encontros possibilitaram o resgate de vivências pessoais, relatos sobre atuação na pandemia de covid-19, troca de experiências, a externalização de habilidades e formas de superação dos desafios vividos. Demonstrando que o “Ritmos da Vida” pode ser um recurso efetivo para o cuidado dos profissionais de saúde.
Uma família, uma menina e um farol
Authors: Dias Walkyria , Genofre Mônica
Published: February 2025

Este artigo apresenta reflexões teórico-clínicas sobre um atendimento à família com a presença da criança, parte integrante de um curso Formação em Terapia de Casal e Família, do Instituto de Terapia Familiar de São Paulo. Com base em diversos teóricos da terapia sistêmica e de outras áreas, tais como filosofia, sociologia da infância e pedagogia, discute-se a importância da escuta do terapeuta para as manifestações infantis, já que a criança tem um pensamento complexo e uma sensibilidade relacional, que poderá contribuir com o processo terapêutico da família. Para tanto, há de se construir lentes para olhar a potencialidade infantil, inserindo as diferentes formas da criança se expressar nas conversações dialógicas, já que elas também constroem sentidos e significados nas relações.
“Eles não querem nossos corpos nestes espaços”
Authors: Esteves Jessica , Cavaler Camila Maffioleti , Minotto da Silva Dipaula
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo narra a experiência de um grupo reflexivo com estudantes LGBT*, facilitado durante um estágio em psicologia social, em uma universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. O grupo foi inspirado na metodologia dos grupos reflexivos de gênero, sendo em formato aberto, com seis encontros e duração média de uma hora por encontro. Os temas dos encontros foram: “Acordos de convivência”, “Autoestima, sociedade e afetações», “Saúde Mental da População LGBT*”, “Reflexões sobre gênero e saúde mental», “Diversidade Sexual e Famílias Homotransafetivas”, “Permanência estudantil e no mundo do trabalho”. Ao abordar questões que permeiam as vivências de pessoas LGBT*, como LGBTfobia, conflitos familiares e construção de self, foi possível argumentar sobre a importância de espaços seguros e inclusivos no contexto universitário, fomentando futuras iniciativas que promovam projetos com este propósito.
Chemically Self-consistent Modeling of the Globular Cluster NGC 2808 and its Effects on the Inferred Helium Abundance of Multiple Stellar Populations
Authors: Boudreaux Emily M. , Chaboyer Brian C. , Ash Amanda , Edaes Hoh Renata , Feiden Gregory
Published: February 2025

The helium abundances in the multiple populations that are now known to comprise all closely studied Milky Way globular clusters (GCs) are often inferred by fitting isochrones generated from stellar evolutionary models to GC photometry. It is therefore important to build stellar models that are chemically self-consistent in terms of their structure, atmosphere, and opacity. In this work we present the first chemically self-consistent stellar models of the Milky Way GC NGC 2808 using MARCS model atmospheres, OPLIB high-temperature radiative opacities, and AESOPUS low-temperature radiative opacities. These stellar models were fit to the NGC 2808 photometry using Fidanka, a new software tool that was developed to optimally fit cluster photometry to isochrones and for population synthesis. Fidanka can determine, in a relatively unbiased way, the ideal number of distinct populations that exist within a data set and then fit isochrones to each population. We achieve this outcome through a combination of Bayesian Gaussian mixture modeling and a novel number density estimation algorithm. Using Fidanka and F275W – F814W photometry from the Hubble UV Globular Cluster Survey, we find that the helium abundance of the second generation of stars in NGC 2808 is higher than the first generation by 15% ± 3%. This is in agreement with previous studies of NGC 2808. This work, along with previous work by A. Dotter et al. focused on NGC 6752, demonstrates that chemically self-consistent models of GCs do not significantly alter inferred helium abundances and are therefore unlikely to be worth the significant additional time investment.
Estimating the Mass Escaping Rates of Radius-valley-spanning Planets in the TOI-431 System via X-Ray and Ultraviolet Evaporation
Authors: Jiang 蒋 Xiaoming 效铭 , Jiang Jonathan H. , Burn Remo , Zhu Zong-Hong
Published: February 2025

The TOI-431 system has three close-in exoplanets, which gives an ideal lab to study gas escape. In this study, we measure the X-ray and ultraviolet luminosity for TOI-431 with XMM-Newton’s European Photon Imaging Camera-pn and Optical/UV Monitor Telescope data, then calculate the fluxes for the planets in the system. We find TOI-431 b’s

F

XUV
,
b

=
70
,

286

−
2611

+
12
,
060

erg

cm

−
2

s

−
1

is 75 times TOI-431 d’s

F

XUV
,
d

=

935

−
35

+
160

erg

cm

−
2

s

−
1

. Adopting the energy limit method and hydrodynamic code ATES with a set of He/H ratios, we obtain mass-loss rates of

10

10
.

51
-0.02
+0.07

g s−1 for TOI-431 b and

10

9
.

14

−
0
.
02

+
0
.
07

and 109.84
∼9.94 g s−1 for TOI-431 d. We predict 2.93% ∼ 7.91% H i Lyα and 0.19% ∼ 10.65% He i triplet absorption depths for TOI-431 d; thus, its gas escaping is detectable in principle. For both TOI-431 b and d, we select similar planets from the New Generation Planetary Population Synthesis data. They show that, considering the mass-loss rates, TOI-431 b should be a naked solid planet, and TOI-431 d will likely maintain its gas envelope until the host star dies. According to the formation and evolution tracks, we find that TOI-431 b’s potential birthplace (0.1–2 au) should be further in than TOI-431 d’s (2–12 au). Our results are consistent with the interpretation of the radius valley being caused by atmospheric escape. The intrinsic reason may be their birthplace, which will determine how close they can migrate to the host star, then lose mass and result in the Fulton gap.
Three novel species and a new record of Pleosporales (Didymellaceae, Roussoellaceae) from China
Authors: Guo Shi-Qi , Norphanphoun Chada , Hyde Kevin D. , Fu Sha-Min , Sun Jing-E , Wang Xing-Chang , Wu Jiao-Jiao , Al-Otibi Fatimah , Wang Yong
Published: February 2025

We are investigating saprobic Ascomycota in Guizhou Province, China. Fungal specimens collected from dead wood were identified based on morphological characteristics and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of ITS, SSU, LSU, β-tubulin, ef1-α, and rpb2 sequence data. Three novel species, Neoroussoella guizhouensis, Roussoella guizhouensis, and Xenodidymella guizhouensis, are introduced, along with one new geographical record, Xenoroussoella triseptata. This study contributes to our understanding of the diversity of Ascomycota in Guizhou Province and the classification in Roussoellaceae.
Border biosecurity interceptions for air passengers – assessing intervention methods and analytic tools
Authors: Moran Nicholas P. , Hanea Anca M. , Robinson Andrew P.
Published: February 2025

At-border interventions are a critical step along the biosecurity continuum, to measure and control the risks associated with the cross-border movement of people and goods. Air passengers are a high-volume pathway for a range of biosecurity risk materials, against which various interventions may be used (e.g., manual searches, detector dogs, x-rays, etc.). Tasmania is an island state, and its environment and industries have benefited from a low level of invasive pests due to their geographic isolation. Therefore, relatively strict at-border interventions are used to prevent the entry of new pests, including some serious invasive pests already present on mainland Australia (e.g., Queensland (Bactrocera tryoni) and Mediterranean (Ceratitis capitata) fruit fly). Using a large interception database for domestic air passengers entering the southern Australian state of Tasmania from mainland Australia, this study applies common statistical modelling tools to assess the efficacy of interventions (namely, dog detectors, and bag searches), and to identify pathway risk factors (e.g., flight origin/route). This analysis considered the effects of interventions on both voluntary declarations by passengers and also detections of undeclared risk material on passengers. The analysis also focused on biosecurity risk items generally (e.g., fruits and vegetables, meat products, cut flowers), and items that are specifically considered to be fruit-fly hosts. The results highlight that active at-border interventions and the presence of biosecurity inspectors capture a significant volume of biosecurity risk items at the border, and detector dogs have particularly strong positive effects on the rate of interceptions, particularly for items detected on passengers. Conducting bag searches also appears to increase interceptions, both by increasing the rate of items being detected and by encouraging voluntary declarations. Sensitivity analyses then test the robustness of results to modelling implementation methods and distributional assumptions. This study demonstrates how statistical modelling can provide robust insights into biosecurity interventions and risk factors along pathways, and further highlights the value of high-quality interception data resources for informing and improving biosecurity systems.
A new species of genus Chiloschista (Aeridinae, Vandeae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) from Sumatra Island, Indonesia
Authors: Metusala Destario
Published: February 2025

Chiloschista tjiasmantoi, a new species of epiphytic leafless orchid from the northernmost region of Sumatra Island, Indonesia, is described and illustrated. The flower of this new species is morphologically close to C. javanica, but differs in having oblong-obovate petals, narrowly oblique oblong side lobes with truncate to obtuse apex, and a different shape of lip sac.
Peur, crainte et respect
Authors: Béra Matthieu
Published: February 2025

Dans cet article, nous prenons comme objet le sentiment de respect, au cœur de la définition du sacré et du religieux dans l’article de 1899 de Durkheim (point 1). Dans cette version initiale de la définition des phénomènes religieux, Durkheim accorde une place centrale à la peur et à la crainte d’être puni en cas de non-respect des choses sacrées, les croyances et les pratiques religieuses étant obligatoires (point 2). L’institution des tabous – et des peines dissuasives qui s’appliquent en cas de transgression – produit un sentiment de terreur dissuasif et efficace. On connaît l’inspiration théorique de cette position : le background criminologique de Durkheim, sa thèse sur la solidarité qui repose sur une théorie du crime et des sanctions associées (point 3). Cependant, le texte de 1899 propose également une autre modalité de production sociale du sentiment de respect : l’éducation, qui conditionne l’enfant à adorer certaines choses « sacrées », et à craindre, là encore, les sanctions en cas de mauvaise assimilation des obligations et interdits (point 4). Cependant, le fondement ultime du sentiment de respect est bien l’autorité générée par le groupe lui-même (point 5). La question centrale étant : ce sentiment d’autorité vient-il plutôt de la sensation (physique) d’appartenir au groupe, ou de « l’idée » du groupe et donc de sa « représentation » ? Il est clair (point 6) que la dernière version de sociologie religieuse proposée dans les Formes élémentaires insiste sur la sensation physique du groupe générée par des rites collectifs réguliers et obligatoires, qui engagent les corps et les sens à travers toutes sortes de procédés artistiques. À la fin de l’article (point 7), nous soulignons le basculement théorique de Durkheim à ce sujet entre 1899 et 1912 ; la peur et la crainte ont disparu de cette dernière conception de la religion. La version joyeuse et festive, positive, de l’énergie produite par le groupe a pris le dessus.
Séquençage à haut débit et hémopathies myéloïdes
Authors: Friedrich C. , Alary A.-S. , Kosmider Olivier
Published: February 2025

Apparu il y a une quinzaine d’années, le séquençage à haut débit ou séquençage massif en parallèle, connu dans le langage familier sous le nom de NGS (Next Generation Sequencing), est désormais couramment utilisé en routine dans les laboratoires de génétique moléculaire. Cette approche a trouvé une place naturelle en onco-hématologie, notamment dans les hémopathies myéloïdes. Ces maladies sont hétérogènes mais caractérisées par des anomalies cytogénétiques et/ou moléculaires dans > 90 % des cas. Le génotypage « haut débit » trouve des applications diagnostiques, pronostiques et thérapeutiques. Il est désormais crucial aux différentes étapes de la prise en charge du malade, du diagnostic au suivi sous traitement dans le cadre de l’évaluation de la maladie résiduelle. Le développement d’algorithmes bioinformatiques et de méthodologies particulières de séquençage devrait permettre d’élargir le spectre d’utilisation du NGS aux anomalies du nombre de copies et de structure des chromosomes.
Les traitements de l’hémophilie en 2020
Authors: Ternisien Catherine , Drillaud N. , Trossaërt M.
Published: February 2025

L’hémophilie constitutionnelle est une maladie hémorragique rare. Le traitement substitutif, qui consiste à apporter le facteur de coagulation déficitaire, a longtemps été le traitement principal pour prévenir et traiter les épisodes hémorragiques. Même si ces traitements, en particulier la mise en place de la prophylaxie, ont bien amélioré la qualité de vie et le pronostic fonctionnel des patients, ils n’ont pas permis la disparition complète de la symptomatologie hémorragique (parfois sévère) et les complications hématologiques ou articulaires. De plus, le pronostic de la maladie est considérablement impacté par l’apparition d’un inhibiteur, complication grave du traitement qui peut survenir dans environ un tiers des cas. Enfin, le mode d’administration exclusivement intraveineux est souvent difficile à accepter et représente parfois un frein à la compliance du patient, surtout chez les jeunes enfants. Ces dernières années, les progrès de bio-ingénierie ont permis de développer des médicaments à demi-vie prolongée, permettant à certains patients de diminuer le nombre d’injections intraveineuses. Plus récemment, des nouveaux médicaments non substitutifs, administrés par voie sous-cutanée et à demi-vie très longue, commencent à apparaître. Si l’émicizumab est désormais disponible chez les patients atteints d’hémophilie A sévère (avec ou sans inhibiteur), les thérapies ciblant des inhibiteurs naturels de la coagulation (antithrombine, TFPI, protéine C) sont encore en cours d’étude. Enfin, les essais de thérapie génique ouvrent la porte à un espoir de guérison. Cet article fait un état des connaissances sur l’avancée des traitements de l’hémophilie en 2020 et passe en revue leurs mécanismes d’action, leurs avantages et désavantages ainsi que leurs implications sur les tests biologiques.
Dermanyssus gallinae : un acarien en extension chez l’Homme
Authors: Bisaro Francine , Bourée Patrice , Ainsa Fernando
Published: February 2025

De nombreux acariens sont présents chez les animaux, en particulier les volailles. Parmi eux, Dermanyssus gallinae peut provoquer du prurit intense chez les personnes en contact avec les volailles. Le diagnostic de l’infection humaine est difficile et nécessite une enquête minutieuse ; son traitement n’est que symptomatique et la lutte contre cet acarien est difficile.
Actualités du paludisme à Mayotte, à propos d’un cas
Authors: Eber Nicolas , Bourée Patrice , Beaupré Michelle , Malki Souhad , Cazal Y.
Published: February 2025

À propos d’un cas de paludisme à Mayotte, est rappelée la situation de cette parasitose dans ce département français d’outre-mer. Les efforts de prévention et de traitement l’ont beaucoup fait régresser ces dernières années et ont fait entrer Mayotte, en 2011, dans la phase d’élimination du paludisme.
Effect of Capsular Tension Ring on the Accuracy of Nine New-Generation IOL Formulas in Long Eyes
Authors: Xu Jialin , Feng Ke , Mo Er , Xu Yitong , Zhu Chenyuan , Zhao Yun-e , Li Jin , Huang Fang
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To investigate the effect of capsular tension rings (CTRs) on the accuracy of nine new-generation intraocular lens (IOL) formulas in long eyes.

Methods

A total of 106 eyes (106 patients) with CTR (CTR group) and another 106 eyes (106 patients) without CTR (NCTR group) were analyzed. The differences in mean prediction error, standard deviation, mean absolute prediction error (MAE), median absolute prediction error (MedAE), root mean square absolute prediction error (RMSAE), and percentage of eyes within ±0.25, ±0.50, ±0.75, ±1.00, and greater than ±1.00 diopter (D) were compared.

Results

In the CTR group, only the Hoffer QST and VRF-G formulas showed significantly lower MedAE compared to the NCTR group. There was no statistically significant difference found among other formulas. The VRF-G and Hoffer QST formulas had lower MAE (0.351 to 0.367) than the Kane (0.469) (
P
< .05). The K6 and Pearl-DGS formulas had higher MAE (0.441 to 0.452) than the Zhu-Lu (0.351) and Emmetropia Verifying Optical (EVO) 2.0 (0.377) (
P
< .05). In the NCTR group, the Zhu-Lu and RBF 3.0 formulas had lower MAE (0.340 to 0.411) compared to the Kane (0.477) (
P
< .05). The Zhu-Lu and EVO 2.0 formulas also had lower MAE (0.340 to 0.363) than Pearl-DGS (0.429) (
P
< .05), and the EVO 2.0 had lower MedAE (0.273) than the Kane (0.433) (
P
< .05). The percentage of eyes within ±0.50 D (76 to 85, 71.70% to 80.19%) of the RBF3.0, K6, EVO 2.0, and Zhu-Lu formulas were higher than Kane (53.77%) (
P
< .02).

Conclusions

CTR implantation does not improve the refractive prediction accuracy of the most new generation IOL formula. The Zhu-Lu formula is recommended for use in long eyes, regardless of CTR implantation.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2025;41(2):e114–e119.]
Visual Performance and Patient Satisfaction of Bilaterally Implanted Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens: Outcomes of a Multicenter Registry
Authors: Howes Frank , Rementeria-Capelo Laureano A. , Poyales Francisco , Borovik Armand , Khoramnia Ramin , Perez-Vives Caridad , Nuijts Rudy M.M.A.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To evaluate visual performance, patient satisfaction, and spectacle independence in patients bilaterally implanted with AcrySof IQ Vivity intraocular lenses (IOLs) (Alcon Laboratories, Inc) during cataract or refractive lens exchange (RLE) surgery.

Methods

This multicenter, ambispective, non-interventional registry study was conducted in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. At the first follow-up visit, occurring between 3 and 6 months after IOL implantation, binocular uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities at distance (UDVA/CDVA), intermediate (UIVA/DIVA 66 cm), and near (UNVA/DNVA 40 cm) were evaluated using the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) chart. Patient satisfaction, spectacle independence, visual disturbances, and device deficiencies were also assessed.

Results

The final analysis included 885 patients, with 790 (89.3%) and 82 (9.3%) patients who underwent cataract and RLE, respectively, where approximately 30% had one or more ocular comorbidity. Mean ± standard deviation logMAR (Snellen) UDVA, UIVA, and UNVA were 0.012 ± 0.102 (∼20/20), 0.088 ± 0.118 (∼20/25), and 0.256 ± 0.154 (∼20/40) for the cataract cohort and −0.005 ± 0.088 (∼20/20), 0.054 ± 0.141 (∼20/25), and 0.213 ± 0.151 (∼20/32) for the RLE cohort, respectively. The proportion of patients reporting spectacle independence at distance, intermediate, and near was 87.9%, 77.6%, and 46.1% for the cataract and 86.6%, 79.3%, and 59.8% for the RLE cohorts. The majority of patients among the cataract (92.1%) and RLE (85.4%) cohorts were satisfied with their postoperative sight, whereas 91.8% of the cataract and 84.1% of the RLE cohort reported no visual disturbances. No device deficiencies were reported.

Conclusions

In this real-world study, patients bilaterally implanted with AcrySof IQ Vivity IOLs demonstrated good visual performance and the majority reported spectacle independence for distance to intermediate, high visual satisfaction, and low levels of visual disturbances across both cohorts, despite approximately 30% who reported 1 or greater ocular comorbidity.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2025;41(2):e131–e143.]
Prospective, Randomized, Contralateral Eye Comparison of the Lenticule Decentration Following SMILE: Coaxially Sighted Corneal Light Reflex Versus Tear Film Mark Centration
Authors: Chen Taiwei , Yu Na , Yuan Shumin , Ye Yiming , Hou Xiangtao , Zhuang Jing , Yu Keming
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To examine lenticule decentration and visual quality following small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) using either the coaxially sighted corneal light reflex (CSCLR) or the tear film mark (TFM) centration method.

Methods

A total of 186 eyes from 93 patients were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, contralateral eye comparison study. Each patient had one eye randomly assigned to the CSCLR group (n = 93) and the contralateral eye to the TFM group (n = 93). Visual outcomes, optical zone decentration, contrast sensitivity, corneal higher order aberrations (HOAs), and the relationships between the magnitude of decentration and induced corneal HOAs were evaluated at 3 months postoperatively.

Results

The magnitudes of total decentration (CSCLR: 0.23 ± 0.13; TFM: 0.22 ± 0.13;
P
= .996), as well as horizontal and vertical decentration, were comparable between the two methods. However, in the angle kappa greater than 200 µm subgroup, a statistically significant smaller horizontal decentered displacement was observed in the CSCLR group (0.01 ± 0.16) compared to the TFM group (0.07 ± 0.18) (
P
= .024). The induced HOAs and contrast sensitivity were comparable between the two methods (all
P
> .05). Additionally, significant correlations were identified between total decentered displacement and induced HOAs, including RMS HOAs, RMS coma, vertical coma, and RMS spherical aberration, in both groups.

Conclusions

Both the CSCLR and TFM methods can yield accurate treatment centration and satisfactory visual quality. However, the CSCLR method may contribute to less horizontal decentration in patients with a large preoperative pupil offset.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2025;41(2):e144–e154.]
Analysis of Crystalline Lens Tilt and Decentration Using a Fully Automated Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Biometer
Authors: Montés-Micó Robert , Nilsson Maria , Brautaset Rune , Venkataraman Abinaya Priya , Domínguez-Vicent Alberto
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To evaluate the repeatability of a fully automated swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometer to measure healthy crystalline lens decentration and tilt and their correlation with other biometric parameters.

Methods

In this prospective study, 135 eyes of 135 patients were included. Ocular biometric parameters including crystalline decentration and tilt were measured three times with the Eyestar 900 SS-OCT (Haag-Streit AG). The repeatability was analyzed with the within-subject standard deviation (S
w
), coefficient of variability, and coefficient of repeatability. Other biometric parameters such as keratometry (K1 flat and K2 steep), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and axial length (AL) were also analyzed to explore possible relationships.

Results

For K1, K2, ACD, LT, and AL, S
w
values were 0.07 diopters (D), 0.14 D, 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, and 0.01 mm, respectively. For X and Y decentration and tilt, S
w
values were 0.01, 0.02, and 0.39 mm, respectively. The correlation coefficient (
r
) between the crystalline lens tilt was low (
r
< −0.300) for all ocular biometric parameters, and was only associated with the AL (
P
< .001,
r
= −0.295). The
r
value between the decentration along the X and Y direction and the ocular biometric parameters was in all cases lower than 0.300. There was only a correlation between the decentration (Y direction) and K2 and ACD parameters (
P
< .001,
P
= .007, respectively). The linear regression parameters resulted in a slope value lower than −0.15 between any direction of the decentration and the other ocular biometric parameters.

Conclusions

The Eyestar 900 provides repeatable measurements for crystalline lens decentration and tilt. AL was the only biometric parameter correlated with the crystalline lens tilt, and keratometry, ACD, and LT were correlated with the crystalline lens decentration along the Y direction.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2025;41(2):e155–e163.]
Determining the Relationship Between Regional Epithelial Thickness, Corneal Toricity, and Corneal Power in Normal Corneas
Authors: Dutra Barbara A. L. , Hammoud Bassel , Schumacher Justin S. , Susanna Bianca N. , Asroui Lara , Tarib Imane , Sampaio Lycia P. , Scarcelli Giuliano , Roberts Cynthia J. , Randleman J. Bradley
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To determine the relationship between regional epithelial thickness and corneal toricity and estimate the epithelium's impact on corneal power in normal corneas.

Methods

This was a retrospective case-control study evaluating 200 eyes from 200 patients categorized into one of three groups based on corneal toricity obtained with Scheimpflug imaging: (1) 80 non-toric (NT) eyes (< 0.50 diopters [D] in any meridian), (2) 80 with-the-rule (WTR) eyes (⩾ +1.50 D @90 ± 22.5°), and (3) 40 against-the-rule (ATR) eyes (⩾ +1.50 D @180 ± 22.5°). Epithelial thickness maps (9 mm) were generated using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (ASOCT) imaging (Avanti RTVue XR; Optovue, Inc). Mathematical modeling was used to evaluate the epithelium's impact on corneal power.

Results

There were no differences in mean curvature between groups (range: 43.2 to 43.7 µm). Average epithelial thickness profile within the central 9-mm zone varied by approximately 2 µm or less laterally but was thinner superiorly than inferiorly in all three groups (52.45 to 53.36 vs 56.01 to 56.48 µm) with no significant differences between groups. There were no differences in any measured epithelial metric at any location nor any deviation in overall epithelial thickness pattern between groups. There were minimal average variations (< 4 µm) across the cornea between central and peripheral values in any meridian. The modeled impact on corneal optics was a net reduction in curvature by approximately 0.30 D with less than 0.10 D of possible variation resulting from differences in regional thickness.

Conclusions

Regional epithelial thickness was unrelated to underlying corneal toricity and had minimal impact on corneal power in normal eyes. There was no evidence that normal epithelium significantly masks underlying normal stromal toricity, nor does the epithelium significantly contribute to corneal power under normal conditions.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2025;41(2):e91–e101.]
The Influence of Midjourney AI on Animation Character Design: A Case Study of Multimedia Design Students at The University of Jordan
Authors: Khasawneh Fuad , Al-Shboul Muhannad , Al-Saaideh Ra'ed
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to reveal the influence of teaching using the Midjourney artificial intelligence (AI)-based intelligence platform on developing the animation character design skills among students of the multimedia design course at the University of Jordan. The study used a quasi-experimental methodology with a sample of 60 male and female students of the Multimedia Design course from the Department of Visual Arts at the University of Jordan. The study participants were intentionally chosen and randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group, which consisted of 32 male and female students who utilized the educational application based on AI Midjourney, and the control group, which consisted of 28 male and female students who used the conventional method of studying. The findings indicated that there were statistically significant differences, at a significance level of (α = 0.05), in the average scores of the two groups regarding their post-performance in animation character design skills. The experimental group, which utilized the AI-based application Midjourney as a teaching method, demonstrated superior performance compared to the control group.