bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tree Diversity And Economic Importance Of Forest Trees Of Kashmir (Jammu And Kashmir), INDIA
Authors: Veena Lone
Published: April 2023

The paper throws light on diversity of trees of forests of Kashmir of Jammu And Kashmir State. Methodology: Presentstudy is based on the extensive and intensive field surveys made during 2007-2008. Various forest areas were visited for theidentification of tree species and their economic importance. Various forest areas were visited for the identification of treespecies and their economic importance. The areas including Drang Tangmerg, Gulmarg, Dachigam, Lolab and Karanah valley.Information on the utilization of trees for curing common ailments was obtained from people of the above forest areas.Conversation regarding the economic importance of plants was especially done with the elderly men, hakims and tribals.Repeated queries were made to get the data verified and confirmed. The plant specimens were dried using the standardherbarium techniques. The specimens were identified using Hooker method. Wherever necessary, comparisons were made withherbarium specimens in the herbarium of Forest Research Institute, Dehradun. Survey Results: Botanical names, English/common/local/Vernacular names, family, fruiting and flowering period, distribution and uses (wherever known) of 53 speciesbelonging to 33 genera and 21 families are provided. Conclusion: Present study has revealed the occurrence of 53 speciesbelonging to 33 genera under 21 families. The most dominant family as per the number of genera is Pinaceae family followedby Betulaceae. And the most dominant genera is Prunus which is having 6 species. The study reveals that there are 10gymnosperms and 43 angiosperms in the forests of Kashmir. The present work gives a detailed account of economic importanceof forest trees of Kashmir. The work shows the relevance of plants to the problems of health care, food, agricultureimprovements, conservation of genetic resources and to economic welfare of the tribal is emphasized. The work should rightlybe applied to the natural and direct relationship of people with plants at any level of antiquity
Development of Cereal based flavored milk and estimation of β-glucan in oats and barley extract
Authors: BV Vijetha  , Lalitha Reddy  , AM Natarjan
Published: April 2023

Background & Aim: Dyslipidemia one of the risk factor in coronary heart diseases is on rise due to various lifestyle related.Diet plays a crucial role in combating dyslipidemia, hence there is a need to develop the products with therapeutic value totackle dyslipidemia. The present investigation is focused on developing value added cereal based (oat flakes and pearl barley)flavored milk containing β-glucan as the research has highlighted the role of β-glucan in reducing cholesterol levels.Methodology: The flavored milk was developed with different combination of oat and barley extract along with cow’s milk.Different combinations of oats and barley extract were tried in developing the flavored milk to arrive at a combination based onsensory evaluation using a Hedonic rating scale with a panel of 10 expert judges. The key molecule β-glucan content wasanalyzed using assay procedure K-BGLU 06/11 – Megazyme kit 2011. The developed product was analyzed for itsbiochemical, microbiological quality. Results: The product developed had 126 mg of β-glucan for 100 ml and was wellaccepted by the reviewers.
Assessing of the economies of scale and scope in th e Tunisian health sector
Authors: Boukthir Tayaa  , Boujelbene Younes
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we attempt to estimate hospital marg inal’s costs and evaluate economies of scale as wel l as scope economies using a generalized multiproduct cost function.

In our esti mation we use a sample of Tunisian academic hospita ls with two categories, namely, general hospitals and specialized ones. Ela borating a separate evaluation of how the behaviour of different types of hospitals might be helpful particularly for a bette r resource allocation and a more efficient decision making relative to academic health institutions.Eventually, one might well ded uce that, in the first place, the marginal cost per admission turns out to differ slightly with regard to both sets of hospital categ ories. Yet, the marginal cost per total ambulatory has shown a relatively greater difference compared to the marginal admission cost. In the second place, our results have led to the c onclusion that both sets of health care service organizations do not exhibit no ticeable differences regarding economies of scale. In addition, the empirical findings have also shown that economies of scope tu rn out to prevail predominantly within hospital hea lth care services in Tunisia throughout the study period, which is the subject o f our analysis.
Scrutinizing the antioxidant potential of Prunella vulgaris L. : A medicinal plant from central Himalayan region
Authors: Tapan Kumar Nailwal  , Manoj Kumar Singh  , Charu Joshi  , Neelu Joshi  , Ruchika Sharma  , Latika Brijwal  , Ravi Shekhar Kumar
Published: April 2023

Background & Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of methanolic extract ofPrunella vulgaris, a valuable medicinal plant from Central Himalayans. Methods: This was achieved by screening of the plantextracts at varying concentrations (1-70 μ g/ml), using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl- hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity,reducing power assay superoxide radical scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, and analysis of total antioxidant activity byABTS method. Results: Total phenol and flavonoid contents (17.200±0.306 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight and3.920±0.042 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g dry weight) were found respectively. Scavenging effect of methanolic extracts of P.vulgaris was four times greater than that of the synthetic antioxidant ascorbic acid. Conclusion: Results also suggests a closerelationship between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity, reducing power and radical scavenging effect on DPPHradicals, which proves P. vulgaris is a potential source of useful natural antioxidants.
Segmentation of brain tumours for radiosurgery applications using image processing
Authors: Madhuri R
Published: April 2023

Background and Aim: The proposed work is to segment the solid tumours with user interaction to assist researchers inRadiosurgery planning. The brain tumour segmentation methods rely on the intensity enhancement. Methods: In this work,Cellular Automaton (CA) based seeded tumour segmentation algorithm is proposed. Which determine the Volume of Interest(VOI) and seed selection is done based on the user interaction. Results: First, establish the connection of the CA-basedsegmentation to the Tumour-cut method to show that the iterative CA framework solves the shortest path complication. In thatregard, the proposed method modify the state transition function of the CA to calculate the shortest path solution. Furthermore, analgorithm based on CA is presented to differentiate necrotic and enhancing tumour tissue content, which gains importance for aresearcher in planning therapy response. The tumour-cut algorithm run twice for background seed (healthy cell) and foregroundseed (tumour cell) for probability calculation. Among them, a clustering method have been investigated and used. Conclusion:Finally, this paper applied Tumour-Cut method and K-means clustering to differentiate necrotic and enhancing tumour tissuecontent, which gains importance for a complete evaluation.
Effect of CSI Preservative on the Glue Shear Strength of Plywood Made Using Rubber Wood
Authors: Aparna Kalawate  , Kiran M.C
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of chitin synthesisinhibitor (CSI) on glue shear strength of plywood made from rubber wood veneer. METHODOLOGY: Plywoodsamples were prepared using Phenol Formaldehyde (PF) resin mixed with lufenuron and diflubenzuron at 0.5, 1 &2% concentration. Plywood made with this glue was tested for glue shear strength in dry, wet and mycological stateas per Indian Standard. RESULTS: From the results it was found that samples conformed the prescribed values ofglue shear strength as per requisite standard. The study was limited to lab scale for testing the effect of CSI on theshear strength
Síndrome de ovario poliquístico y el futuro reproductivo de la mujer
Authors: Sánchez-Ruíz Karla Leticia , Gamboa-Del Castillo Laura Vianey
Published: April 2023

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Panorama General de la Atención Primaria a la comunidad transgénero en instituciones de salud
Authors: Bobadilla-Olaje Gustavo Francisco , Leverda González Diana Judith
Published: April 2023

El avance de los tiempos ha traído consigo el avance de nuestra sociedad, y con ello el comienzo de la despatologización y visibilización de minorías, como lo es el caso de la comunidad transgénero, proceso que tiene mucho camino por delante, pero en el que se han podido hacer avances significativos. Específicamente al área de salud, la falta de investigación y por ende, falta de conocimiento han dado paso a laignorancia y propagación de estigmas entre los trabajadores, que puede deteriorar el nivel de atención recibida por personas trans e incluso, evitar completamente el acceso a ésta. El conocimiento básico de conceptos relacionados al cuidado de las personas transgénero puede marcar una diferencia trascendental en su atención sanitaria y por ende, en su bienestar general.
La nueva normalidad del COVID-19 en México
Authors: Rivera de la Torre Denisse Patricia
Published: April 2023

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Actualidades en pancreatitis aguda
Authors: Acuña Montaño Carmen Daniela
Published: April 2023

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Síndrome de malabsorción
Authors: Gamboa Del Castillo Laura Vianey
Published: April 2023

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Síndrome diarreico en pacientes pediátricos
Authors: Rodríguez Contreras Marian , Moreno Carrillo Sofia
Published: April 2023

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Complicaciones de Rickettsiosis debido al Diagnóstico Tardío en el Paciente Pediátrico
Authors: Cano-Rangel Manuel A. , Buzani-Peña Adriana E. , Páez-Douriet Dario , Ramón-Ríos Alberto , Ramírez-Mexía Alberto , Ramírez-Mexía Manuel R.
Published: April 2023

Las rickettsiosis son un grupo de enfermedades causadas por cocobacilos gramnegativos del género Rickettsia que se distribuyen entre vectores artrópodos hematófagos como las garrapatas, pulgas, piojos o ácaros. Dentro del estado de Sonora, esta toma un papel de mayor importancia dada la naturaleza del clima seco, el cual favorece su prevalencia e incidencia año con año; por esto mismo, es considerada como una enfermedad endémica del estado y de importancia epidemiológica.

El cuadro clínico común se caracteriza por episodios febriles, mialgias, cefalea y malestar general, lo que la convierte en un reto diagnóstico para el médico de primer contacto por sus manifestaciones tan inespecíficas, haciéndola susceptible a desarrollar complicaciones, especialmente si no se realiza un diagnóstico o sospecha temprana que nos permita comenzar con una terapia adecuada, principalmente en pacientes pediátricos, donde las complicaciones son severas y suelen ser catastróficas tanto para los familiares como para el paciente. Estas comúnmente se relacionan con falla multiorgánica, donde se encuentran involucrados los sistemas neurológico, renal, vascular y hepático; y se debe considerar que todas estas pueden culminar en la muerte del paciente.

Actualmente, la literatura científica se encuentra limitada con respecto a la información de rickettsiosis en pacientes pediátricos y sus posibles complicaciones, por lo que este artículo busca difundir la información necesaria en estos escenarios, con el objetivo de evitar subestimar el diagnóstico dentro de la población pediátrica, ya que es uno de los grupos más vulnerables a exponerse a la enfermedad, así como sus posibles complicaciones debido a la incapacidad de comunicar objetivamente su padecimiento.
Enfermedades de transmisión sexual en la práctica clínica
Authors: Vásquez Dalila , Durazo-Méndez Esarely , Navarro-Gastélum Dalia Lizbeth
Published: April 2023

Las enfermedades de transmisión sexual(ETS) se transmiten por contacto sexual encualquier modalidad: anal, oral o vaginal.Frecuentemente son asintomáticas (50 %) ypueden dar lugar a distintas complicacionesentre las que se incluyen infecciones del tractogenital superior, enfermedad pélvica crónica,infertilidad y enfermedades crónicas comohepatitis o virus de inmunodeficiencia humana(VIH). El objetivo es identificar y tratar a todopaciente infectado antes que desarrollencomplicaciones y también tratar a sus parejassexuales para prevenir el contagio.
Android-Based Health Service Center Search Application in Tasikmalaya City Using Location Based Service (LBS) Method
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Rizky , Faizah NM , Koryanto Lucky
Published: April 2023

Health Service is a place to organize health efforts. Not all health service locations are known to the public, both those from Tasikmalaya City and those from outside the city. This is due to a lack of information about health services in the City of Tasikmalaya. Progress and development of the times, as currently the use of technology is needed to be able to provide information quickly, where the use of technology can be accessed anytime and wherever the user is. The use of Information Technology such as using an Android-based Smartphone Application can be used to help citizens to find a location and find out the route to the desired health service. This study aims to build an Android-based Health Service Search application as a source of information to find out the location and routes to service locations. health services in Tasikmalaya City. The research method used is the waterfall process model. Implementation of health service applications using Javascript programming with Android Studio, Location Based Service, and maps sourced from the Google Maps API. The results of the research are in the form of Android-based Tasikmalaya City health service applications that help make it easier for Tasikmalaya City residents and outside the region to obtain information about Health Services and routes from the user's location to the desired Health Service location in Tasikmalaya City with the help of GPS.
L’enchantement de la machine : la nature systémique du néo-matérialisme
Authors: Leduc Claude
Published: April 2023

À l’anthropocentrisme et au dualisme épistémologique propre au sujet cartésien et
moderne, le néo-matérialisme oppose une ontologie relationnelle caractérisée par des
agencements où l’ensemble des objets – des « actants » – s’affectent mutuellement et
produisent ainsi de concert un environnement dynamique. L’étude critique de ce courant
théorique révèle un accord profond avec la pensée des systèmes. Le néo-matérialisme s’appuie
en effet sur une critique de la représentation qui résonne fortement avec l’idéologie
associée aux technologies de l’information et de la communication issues de la cybernétique.
De même, le modèle sociétal qu’on peut tirer du néo-matérialisme s’accorde avec celui qu’on
peut associer au marché néolibéral, « l’enchantement » que suscite censément une matière
investie d’une dynamique vitaliste consacrant en réalité la mise en marchandise de tout
l’être. En nous inspirant notamment du travail de Michel Freitag, nous démontrons que le
néo-matérialisme constitue un exemple parfait de l’extension du monisme opérationnel en
sciences humaines, à mesure que la production de la connaissance s’arrime au problem
solving indissociable de la gestion technocratique du social.
Senescent epithelial cells remodel the microenvironment for the progression of oral submucous fibrosis through secreting TGF-β1
Authors: Wang Zijia , Han Ying , Peng Ying , Shao Shuhui , Nie Huanquan , Xia Kun , Xiong Haofeng , Su Tong
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Cellular senescence is strongly associated with fibrosis and tumorigenesis. However, whether the epithelium of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) undergoes premature senescence remains unclear. This study investigates the roles of senescent epithelial cells in OSF.

Methods

The immunohistochemistry and Sudan black B staining were performed to identify epithelium senescence in OSF tissues. Arecoline was used to induce human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) senescence. The cell morphology, senescence-associated β galactosidase activity, cell counting Kit 8, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time PCR, and western blot assay were used to identification of senescent HOKs. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was exerted to evaluate the levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the supernatants of HOKs treated with or without arecoline.

Results

The senescence-associated markers, p16 and p21, were overexpressed in OSF epithelium. These expressions were correlated with alpha-smooth actin (α-SMA) positively and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) negatively. Moreover, Sudan black staining showed that there was more lipofuscin in OSF epithelium. In vitro, HOKs treated with arecoline showed senescence-associated characteristics including enlarged and flattened morphology, senescence-associated β galactosidase staining, cell growth arrest, γH2A.X foci, upregulation of p53, p21, and TGF-β1 protein levels. Moreover, senescent HOKs secreted more TGF-β1.

Conclusions

Senescent epithelial cells are involved in OSF progression and may become a promising target for OSF treatment.
Meta-analysis of commonly mutated genes in leptomeningeal carcinomatosis
Authors: Congur Irem , Koni Ekin , Onat Onur Emre , Tokcaer Keskin Zeynep
Published: April 2023

Background

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) is a rare type of cancer that settles at the meninges through metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer and melanoma. The molecular mechanism underlying LMC is not known, therefore molecular studies investigating the development of LMC are needed. Here, we aimed to identify commonly mutated genes in LMC caused by NSCLC, breast cancer, and melanoma using an in-slico approach and their interactions using integrated bioinformatic approaches/tools in this meta-analysis.

Methods

We conducted a meta-analysis using information from 16 studies that included different sequencing techniques of patients with LMC caused by three different primary cancers: breast cancer, NSCLC, and melanoma. All studies that assessed mutation information from patients with LMC were searched in PubMed, from their inception to February, 16 2022. Studies that performed NGS on LMC patients with NSCLC, breast cancer, or melanoma were included, while studies that did not apply NGS to CSF samples, did not provide information on altered genes, were reviews, editorials, or conference abstracts, or whose main goal was the detection of malignancies were all excluded. We identified commonly mutated genes in all three types of cancer. Next, we constructed a protein-protein interaction network, then performed pathway enrichment analysis. We searched National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Drug-Gene Interaction Database (DGIdb) to find candidate drugs.

Results

We found that TP53, PTEN, PIK3CA, IL7R, and KMT2D genes were commonly mutated genes in all three types of cancer via our meta-analysis that consisted out of 16 studies. Our pathway enrichment analysis showed that all five genes were primarily associated with regulation of cell communication and signaling, and cell proliferation. Other enriched pathways included regulation of apoptotic processes of leukocytes and fibroblasts, macroautophagy and growth. According to our drug search we found candidate drugs; Everolimus, Bevacizumab and Temozolomide, which interact with these five genes.

Conclusion

In conclusion, a total of 96 mutated genes in LMC were investigated via meta-analysis. Our findings suggested vital roles of TP53, PTEN, PIK3CA, KMT2D, and IL7R, which can provide insight into the molecular basis of LMC development and paving the door to the development of new targeted medicine and will encourage molecular biologists to seek biological evidence.
Faecal Microbiota Transplant: A New Biologic Frontier in Medicine
Authors: Thakur Ankita , Acharya Sourya , Shukla Samarth
Published: April 2023

Faecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) refers to the process of introducing the gut microbiome into a compromised patient’s Gastrointestinal (GI) tract after obtaining it from a healthy donor. It is one of the chief treatment options for people afflicted with a chronic Clostridium difficile infection. Recently, other possible applications of FMT have been gaining worldwide consideration as an emerging approach to treat a multitude of disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, neurological diseases like autism, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), and so on. FMT is not currently being used in clinical practice due to practical objections though research on how to overcome the same is ongoing. This article seeks to explore FMT as a procedure, its current indication and the results from various studies, applications of FMT as a course of treatment in other diseases, and the limitations that the procedure poses for the same, upon which further studies can commence and advancements can be made in the field of medicine.
Incarcerated Bladder Hernia as a Cause of Septic Shock: A Clinical Case Report
Authors: Godínez Juan Jesús Garcia , Cruz Sergio Garcia
Published: April 2023

The prevalence of the bladder within the hernial sac in inguinal hernias is uncommon, being found in 1-4% of cases. Normally these patients present with few or no symptoms. We present the case of a 61-year-old male who was checked into our hospital for presenting septic shock due to an urinary infection as well as renal failure. An abdominopelvic tomography was performed which revealed the presence of an incarcerated bladder hernia with more than 50% of the urinary bladder, as well as the left ureter inside the hernial sac, with significant dilation of the Pelvicalyceal system. Under management by The General Surgery and Urolology departments.
Application of Bibliometric Analysis in the Study of Climate Change and Sustainable Development Practices
Authors: Maharana Arjuna Kumar , Pal Sudhakar
Published: April 2023

Climate change is a global issue and it needs the attention of everyone for which the United Nations has covered this under Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs13). In this context, this paper attempts to make a bibliometric analysis to get an overview of research works conducted in the field of climate change and sustainable development practices. A total of 889 articles from the Dimension database have been considered for the study and they have been analysed with the help of Biblioshiny and VOS viewer software. Various bibliometric components like thematic evolution, keyword co-occurrence map, top authors etc. have been discussed in the study.  We found that the concerned field is an important research area as the number of documents is showing an increasing trend. So, more studies are expected in future. This paper will help future researchers in choosing the right area of work in the concerned field.
Hydrological Investigations in Red Soils of a Micro Catchment Area for Dugout Farm Pond at UAS Raichur Campus
Authors: K. Vinutha , Dashavant Premanand B. , Babu B. Maheshwara , Reddy G. V. Srinivasa , Balanagoudar S. R.
Published: April 2023

Aims: To measure and characterize storm wise runoff for the catchment area of the farm pond and to correlate rainfall intensity and runoff relationship for the catchment area will help to design the appropriate size of the farm pond and waste weirs of the bunding system.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in a micro catchment (field sized area) of a dugout farm pond, having an area of 6 ha located in the new area of UAS campus Raichur, which comes under Zone II in Region-I of Karnataka state. Geographically it is located at 16° 12′ N latitude and 77° 20′ E longitude and at an elevation of 389 m above the mean sea level (MSL). The study was conducted for a period of one year during 2019.

Methodology: The existing farm pond constructed was used for conducting hydrological studies. The detailed soil and rainfall characterization of the study area has been made through appropriate methods. The rainfall intensity for each storm has been measured using self-recording rain gauge. The runoff has been measured at the out let of the field sized micro catchment area of farm pond using hydraulic structures coupled with automatic runoff recorder. The event wise rainfall, rainfall intensity and runoff have been measured and analysed to see the relationship between rainfall intensity and runoff with prevailing soil and topographical characteristics of the study area.

Results: The percent runoff varied from 6.79 to 50.42 and highest was 50.42 per cent occurred on 25-10-2019 followed by 44.03, 39.36 and 37.46 per cent. The data shows that the individual storm wise percent runoff was quite high as compared to annual percent runoff of 15.99 per cent. The storm wise high runoff percent was due to the fact that high intensity of rainfall followed by high AMC in the soil. Further the minimum runoff yield of 142.66 m3 was observed on 18-07-2019 against the rainfall of 35.00 mm and maximum of 2985.48 m3 was yielded on 25-09-2109 against rainfall of 113.00 mm and followed by 1086.64 m3, 944.24 m3, 665.61 m3 and 431.25 m3 against rainfall of 46.00 mm, 42.00 mm, 22.00 mm and 48.00 mm respectively. The total annual runoff yield was found to be 6255.90 m3 against the rainfall of 651.50 mm. Therefore, there is a scope for harvesting excess quantity of runoff which is going as a waste. The existing pond capacity of 547.77 m3 is insufficient to store prevailing runoff generated in the catchment area and hence, pond capacity may be enhanced. The maximum intensity of rainfall and runoff during six events were showed statistically insignificant relationship with R2 value of 0.370. There is no correlation between intensity of rainfall and runoff.
IMPROVISAR E MISTURAR
Authors: Guzzo Marina
Published: April 2023

Como situar conhecimentos e práticas mundanas no Zoom ou no Google Meet? Existe exercício de mistura e sensibilidade possível em meio a maior crise sanitária do Brasil (e do mundo)? O que as plantas têm a ver com isso? Como inventar, misturar, dançar, no meio de tanta dor? Esse texto pretende, a partir do olhar para as plantas, pensar em coreografias possíveis e muitas vezes invisíveis em lugares impensados, como as realizadas em nossas próprias casas, durante o período de isolamento social provocado pela pandemia de Covid-19. Improvisar e misturar, experimentar coreografias com as plantas, descentrar o humano, imaginar outros corpos e alianças possíveis.
COZINHA E IMPROVISAÇÃO
Authors: Santos da Silva Bárbara Conceição
Published: April 2023

Esta reflexão é impulsionada pela experiência de cozinhar, partilhar afetos e dançar, a partir da realização de um programa performativo[1] e, à luz dos estudos sobre performatividade, improvisação e memória analisa essa ação artística dialogando com alguns autores que estudam esses assuntos. Cozinha comPartida é uma das performances que integra a pesquisa de doutoramento em curso pelo Programa de Pós Graduação em Artes Cênicas da UNIRIO, cuja investigação dialoga com os campos da dança, da somática e da performance. A referida pesquisa surge da experiência da autora em duas práticas corporais, aliada a ação de cozinhar e improvisar tecendo conexões no/pelo corpo. Neste artigo faremos um recorte da relação de uma das práticas corporais, o Movimento Autêntico (MA), que apresentaremos ao longo do texto, com a criação em dança.
Palavras-chave: Cozinha; Improvisação; Movimento Autêntico; Memória; Criação em Dança
DUDUDE HERRMANN
Authors: Vieira Marcilio  de Souza
Published: April 2023

Nesta entrevista a improvisadora mineira Dudude Herrman fala sobre improvisação e o projeto Decanto de Dança e improvisar para a tela. A entrevista foi feita com a artista via WhatsApp, uma vez que ainda estamos vivenciando a pandemia do Covid-19. Teve por objetivo compreender como a artista e pesquisadora Herrmann compreende a improvisação e como esta foi acionada para a tela. A artista nos dá pistas valiosas para entender sua relação com a improvisação.
MODOS DE CULTIVO PARA COM-POR MOVERES
Authors: Mundim Ana Carolina da Rocha , Costa Liana Gesteira , Portela Soraya , Pimentel Mariana Barbosa
Published: April 2023

Este texto é um exercício imaginativo de construção de relações entre a improvisação e a composição em dança com processos de cultivo da terra e seus saberes ancestrais. Partindo do conceito de compostagem como decomposição coletiva fúngica para o cultivo e transformação de matérias, de que modo a improvisação relaciona seres vivos para a regeneração de ideias, práticas, saberes e existires? A partir de referências que entrecruzam diversos campos de atuação, adubamos as nossas experiências com as palavras de pessoas como Sandra Benites (2021), Kaká Werá Jecupé (2020), Bel Hooks (2019), Vandana Shiva (2020), Jussara Setenta (2007), Stefano Mancuso (2019), Davi Kopenawa (2015), Florinda Donner (2009), Fayga Ostrower (2013), Ricardo Basbaum (2000) e Byung-Chul Hang (2019), na fluidez e organicidade que faz parte do corpo e seus atravessamentos. Deste modo, provocamos também com este texto questões acerca das referências da dança e suasporosidades.
What a Study of Hibernating Bears Tells Us About Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Abbasi Jennifer
Published: April 2023

This Medical News article discusses the discovery of a mechanism that may protect against venous blood clots during long periods of immobility.
Association of Socioeconomic Position With Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Survival After Lung Transplant
Authors: Lehr Carli J. , Valapour Maryam , Gunsalus Paul R. , McKinney Warren T. , Berg Kristen A. , Rose Johnie , Dalton Jarrod E.
Published: April 2023

Importance

A recent National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine study found that transplant outcomes varied greatly based on multiple factors, including race, ethnicity, and geographic location. They proposed a number of recommendations including studying opportunities to improve equity in organ allocation.

Objective

To evaluate the role of donor and recipient socioeconomic position and region as a mediator of observed racial and ethnic differences in posttransplant survival.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study included lung transplant donors and recipients with race and ethnicity information and a zip code tabulation area–defined area deprivation index (ADI) from September 1, 2011, to September 1, 2021, whose data were in the US transplant registry. Data were analyzed from June to December 2022.

Exposures

Race, neighborhood disadvantage, and region of donors and recipients.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression were used to study the association of donor and recipient race with ADI on posttransplant survival. Kaplan-Meier method estimation was performed by donor and recipient ADI. Generalized linear models by race were fit, and mediation analysis was performed. Bayesian conditional autoregressive Poisson rate models (1, state-level spatial random effects; 2, model 1 with fixed effects for race and ethnicity, 3; model 2 excluding region; and 4: model 1 with fixed effects for US region) were used to characterize variation in posttransplant mortality and compared using ratios of mortality rates to the national average.

Results

Overall, 19 504 lung transplant donors (median [IQR] age, 33 [23-46] years; 3117 [16.0%] Hispanic individuals, 3667 [18.8%] non-Hispanic Black individuals, and 11 935 [61.2%] non-Hispanic White individuals) and recipients (median [IQR] age, 60 [51-66] years; 1716 [8.8%] Hispanic individuals, 1861 [9.5%] non-Hispanic Black individuals, and 15 375 [78.8%] non-Hispanic White individuals) were included. ADI did not mediate the difference in posttransplant survival between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White recipients; it mediated only 4.1% of the survival difference between non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic recipients. Spatial analysis revealed the increased risk of posttransplant death among non-Hispanic Black recipients may be associated with region of residence.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study of lung transplant donors and recipients, socioeconomic position and region of residence did not explain most of the difference in posttransplant outcomes among racial and ethnic groups, which may be due to the highly selected nature of the pretransplant population. Further research should evaluate other potentially mediating effects contributing to inequity in posttransplant survival.
Understanding the Mechanisms of Action of Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Cano Marta , Camprodon Joan A.
Published: April 2023

This article discusses 2 possible mechanisms of action of electroconvulsive therapy.
Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Breast Following Postmastectomy Implant Reconstruction in Women With Breast Cancer and Carcinoma in Situ
Authors: Kinslow Connor J. , Yu James B. , DeStephano David M. , Kachnic Lisa A. , Cheng Simon K. , Neugut Alfred I. , Horowitz David P.
Published: April 2023

This cohort study uses national surveillance data to describe the incidence and risk of squamous cell carcinoma after postmastectomy implant reconstruction in women with breast cancer.
US News & World Report Hospital Ratings on Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Ramaswamy Ashwin , Zhang Tenny R. , Hu Jim C.
Published: April 2023

This Viewpoint analyzes Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare linked data from 2010 to 2019 using a previously established method to examine contemporary radical prostatectomy outcomes.
Evaluating motion of pancreatic tumors and anatomical surrogates using cine MRI in 0.35T MRgRT under free breathing conditions
Authors: Lewis Benjamin , Guta Anamaria , Shin Jaeik , Ji Zhen , Kim Jin Sung , Kim Taeho
Published: April 2023

Treatment tolerability is a significant limitation to pancreatic cancer treatment with radiotherapy due to proximity to highly radiosensitive organs and respiratory motion necessitating expanded target margins. Further, pancreatic tumors are difficult to visualize on conventional radiotherapy systems. Surrogates are often used to locate the tumor but are often inconsistent and do not provide strong positional relations throughout the respiratory cycle. This work utilizes a retrospective dataset of 45 pancreatic cancer patients treated on an MR‐Linac system with cine MRI acquired for real‐time target tracking. We investigated intra‐fraction motion of tumors and two abdominal surrogates, leading to prediction models between the tumor and surrogate. Patient specific motion evaluation and prediction models were generated from 225 cine MRI series acquired during treatment. Tumor contours were used to evaluate the pancreatic tumor motion. Linear regression and principal component analysis (PCA) based models were used to predict tumor position from the anterior‐posterior (AP) motion of the abdominal surface, the superior‐inferior (SI) motion of the diaphragm, or a combination. Models were evaluated using mean squared error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Contour analysis showed the average pancreatic tumor motion range was 7.4 ± 2.7 mm and 14.9 ± 5.8 mm in the AP and SI directions, respectively. The PCA model had MSE of 1.4 mm2 and 0.6 mm2, for the SI and AP directions, respectively, with both surrogates as inputs for the models. When only the abdomen surrogate was used, MSE was 1.3 mm2 and 0.4 mm2 in the SI and AP directions, while it was 0.4 mm2 and 1.3 mm2 when only the diaphragm surrogate was used. We evaluated intra‐fraction pancreatic tumor motion and demonstrated prediction models between the tumor and surrogate. The models calculated the pancreatic tumor position from diaphragm, abdominal, or both contours within standard pancreatic cancer target margin, and the process could be applied to other disease sites in the abdominothoracic cavity.
Inducing Lipid Domains in Membranes by Self‐Assembly of DNA Origami
Authors: Kanwa Nishu , Gavrilovic Svetozar , Brüggenthies Gereon A. , Qutbuddin Yusuf , Schwille Petra
Published: April 2023

Self‐assembly of biological molecules and structures is a fundamental property of life. Whereas most biological functions are based on self‐assembled proteins and protein complexes, the self‐assembly of lipids is important for the spatial organization of heterogeneous cellular reaction environments and to catalyze cooperative interactions on/with membranes. Lipid domains or “rafts”, which are known to selectively recruit proteins, play an important functional role in sorting and trafficking of membrane components between subcellular organelles. However, how the recruitment and interactions of proteins in turn contributes to the formation and turnover of these structures has not been systematically addressed, due to the large variety in membrane–protein features and their spatiotemporal dynamics. The small size and transient nature of lipid domains adds to the complexity in visualizing them in living cells. Here, DNA origami is presented as a programmable tool to mimic protein clustering and assembly on membranes and illustrate how nanometer sized lipid domains coalesce into visible domains upon origami self‐assembly in defined patterns. Hence, the local membrane composition can be efficiently regulated by the self‐assembly of peripheral membrane binders. This reinforces the hypothesis that lipid rafts in cells occur as a result of membrane–protein interactions and, in particular, protein self‐assembly.
Design of Antireflection and Enhanced Thermochromic Properties of TiO2/VO2 Thin Films
Authors: Wu Wenshuo , Wang Chen , Chen Chunjiao , Song Jiaxin , Ma Fei
Published: April 2023

VO2‐based thin films exhibit great potential applications in thermochromic smart windows. However, it is still a challenge to synergistically achieve the high luminous transmittance (Tlum) and large solar modulation (ΔTsol). In this paper, antireflective (AR) TiO2/VO2 thin films are designed through optical simulations, and the thin films with optimized film thickness are prepared by magnetron sputtering. The overall performances of the thin films are significantly improved. Compared with single‐layer VO2, the Tlum value of the TiO2/VO2 thin film is significantly increased from 29.03% to 46.29% by 59.5%, and the ΔTsol value is increased up to 16.03%. The Tlum and ΔTsol values of the TiO2/VO2/TiO2 sandwiched thin films can be further improved up to 50.49% and 20.11%, respectively, owing to the light interference at the interfaces between the multilayers. The results provide an effective strategy for improving the performance of smart windows.
Strain Visualization in Flexible Sensors with Functional Materials: A Review
Authors: Pancham Padmanabh Pundrikaksha , Chiu Wen‐Hsin , Mukherjee Anupam , Lo Cheng‐Yao
Published: April 2023

Here, in comparison to indirect and nonvisualizable detections that usually convert strains from electrical signals, the strain sensors that show visible signals with operation simplicity and intuitive perception for practical applications in flexible, printed, and hybrid microelectronics are summarized. The sensors are categorized into four mechanisms of optical phenomena (diffraction, reflection, interference, and photonic crystal), fluorescent mapping (mechanochromism and mechanoluminescence), Moiré effect, and thermal imaging. In addition to their operating principles, three characteristics of sensitivity, dynamic window, and spatial resolution are examined. Furthermore, three types of strains (uniaxial, biaxial, and multiaxial) with subcategories in strain mode (tensile and compressive) and uniformity (isotropic and anisotropic) that are supported by corresponding sensors are also summarized here. With three potential applications and markets of healthcare and biomedical engineering, human motion detection (sports science), and roll‐to‐roll manufacturing listed at the end, a steppingstone is offered here for those who works or intends to work in this field by revisiting the outcomes from key literature published in recent years.
High‐Performance and Lithography‐Free Au/WS2/Ag Vertical Schottky Junction Solar Cells
Authors: Nguyen Anh Thi , Wang Jun , Cho Eunseo , Lim Seoyoung , Kwon Soyeong , Song Jungeun , Zhou Keya , Kim Dong‐Wook
Published: April 2023

Due to their extraordinarily large optical absorption coefficients, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are gaining more and more attention for photovoltaic applications. Improving the device performance of a TMD solar cell requires an optimal device architecture and reliable fabrication processes. Metal/WS2‐multilayer/metal heterojunctions are fabricated using lithography‐free processes. 20 nm thick WS2 flakes are exfoliated on template‐stripped Ag bottom electrodes, and then 10 nm thick Au top electrodes with a diameter of 2 µm are evaporated on the WS2 surface using holey carbon films as shadow masks. Current‐sensing atomic force microscope measurements reveal that the Au/WS2/Ag devices exhibit prominent rectifying characteristics, indicating the formation of Schottky diodes. The power conversion efficiency of the Schottky junction is as high as 5.0%, when illuminated by a light‐emitting diode with a peak wavelength of 625 nm and a power density of 2.5 mW cm−2. These devices also possess broadband and incident‐angle‐insensitive absorption capability due to the very large refractive indices and extremely small thickness of the WS2 flakes. The simple fabrication procedures proposed in this work demonstrate high‐performance and high‐yield TMD photovoltaic devices.
Solid‐State and Flexible Black Electrochromic Devices Enabled by Ni‐Cu Salts Based Organohydrogel Electrolytes
Authors: Guo Xiaoyu , Chen Shaohua , Poh Wei Church , Chen Juntong , Jiang Fan , Tan Matthew Wei Ming , Lee Pooi See
Published: April 2023

Solid‐state black electrochromic devices (ECDs) are promising for smart window applications, particularly when privacy protection and low leakage are required. Herein, a Ni–Cu salts/poly(vinyl alcohol) based organohydrogel electrolyte is developed with superior visible‐light transparency (83.8%), ionic conductivity (0.11 mS cm−1), and mechanical properties (tensile strength: 11.1 kPa, breaking strain: 242.6%). Due to the high viscosity of the organohydrogel electrolyte, a homogeneous Ni–Cu alloy film with a surface roughness of around 11.2 nm can be electrodeposited under −3 V for 5 min, and the resulting black color can be retained for over 350 min with a transmittance increase of only 5% at the voltage‐off state. The solid‐state rigid ECD exhibits an outstanding optical contrast between the transparent and colored states (visible light transmittance: 70.8% vs 0.085%), excellent cycling stability with over 90% retention of optical contrast after 2000 cycles. Finally, a flexible ECD is fabricated with the organohydrogel electrolyte and annealed indium tin oxide (ITO)‐coated polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) films as flexible and durable electrodes. It exhibits good mechanical flexibility with transmittance modulation degradation of 10% after 800 bending cycles and switching stability for 400 cycles with up to 43% optical contrast.
Facile Fabrication of Oxygen‐Enriched MXene‐Based Sensor and Their Ammonia Gas‐Sensing Enhancement
Authors: Cao Linh Chi T. , Zhou Meng‐Huan , Opaprakasit Pakorn , Sreearunothai Paiboon , Nagao Yuki , Boonruang Sakoolkan , Fallah Hoorieh , Tseng Shih‐Feng , Hsu Shu‐Han
Published: April 2023

Various sensing materials have been demonstrated to increase the precision of sensing technology. Nevertheless, this complicates the fabrication process for materials integration to obtain devices that can simultaneously accommodate various gas detectors, like electronic nose. The study here focuses on exploring the sensing response of different functionalization of specific sensing materials to provide an alternative way to achieve selective response to multiple gases. Triethoxysilylpropyl succinic anhydride silane (TESPSA) was introduced on 2D material MXene‐Ti3C2Tx to form carboxylic acid terminated MXene (COOH‐Ti3C2Tx) and alternately coated with polyaniline (COOH‐Ti3C2Tx/PANI). This modification doubled up the gas binding sites and improved the binding strength of the Ti3C2Tx surface to NH3 gas molecules. The 5CC‐COOH‐Ti3C2Tx/PANI sensor prepared from five coating cycles showed the highest sensitivity (214.70 %) with fast gas response rate at 80 ppm NH3 (1.75 % s‐1). Therefore, the different signal responses from specific functionalization of the same sensing material functionalization will allow the possible sensor array fabrication to achieve fingerprint‐like sensing map recognition in the presence of mixed gases.
Highly Efficient Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence Promoted via Intramolecular‐Space Heavy‐Atom Effect
Authors: He Yixiao , Wang Jing , Li Qiuying , Qu Shuli , Zhou Chifeng , Yin Chengzhu , Ma Huili , Shi Huifang , Meng Zhengong , An Zhongfu
Published: April 2023

Purely organic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have attracted increasing attention due to their unique photophysical properties and widespread optoelectrical applications, but the pursuit of high quantum yield is still a continual struggle for RTP emission under ambient conditions. Here, a series of novel RTP molecules (26CIM, 246CIM, 24CIM, and 25CIM) are developed on the basis of indole luminophore, in which a carbonyl group bridges indole and chloro‐substituted phenyl group. The structural isomerism is systematically regulated toward enhancing the intramolecular‐space heavy‐atom effect, thus promoting the spin–orbit coupling and intersystem crossing for high RTP efficiency. While rationally modulating the intramolecular‐space heavy‐atom effect, the phosphorescence efficiency is dramatically increased by 16‐fold from 2.9% (24CIM) to 48.9% (26CIM). Basically, the fully occupied chlorine atoms at the positions 2 and 6 can effectively favor the stronger intramolecular H…Cl effect, and the tight lock coupling with anti‐parallel stacking in 26CIM further boosts RTP emission synergistically. The experimental findings along with deeper theoretical insights elucidate the structure–performance relationship clearly, and further suggest a general strategy for rationally constructing high‐efficiency RTP materials.
Unveiling the Transformation from Aggregation‐Caused Quenching to Encapsulation‐Induced Emission Enhancement for Improving the Photoluminescence Properties and Detection Performance of Conjugated Polymer Material in Multiple States
Authors: Hussain Sameer , Chen Xi , Gao Yingying , Song Huijia , Tian Xuemeng , He Yulian , Abbas Ansar , Afroz Mohammad Adil , Hao Yi , Gao Ruixia
Published: April 2023

High hydrophobicity of π‐extended conjugated polymers (CPs) adversely affects their photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in water and hydrogel/solid state via an unsolicited aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) process which ultimately hampers their sensing and imaging performance. Herein, an efficient strategy is presented to suppress and transform such ACQ process into an encapsulation‐induced emission enhancement (EIEE) effect through facile preparation of CP/Pluronic F‐127 fluorescent hybrid micelles and hydrogel. As a proof‐of‐concept, successful encapsulation of polyfluorene derivative PF‐DBT‐Im into F‐127 micelles not only displays an improved PLQY (≈200% increment) in water/hydrogel state but also delivers unique and augmented sensing responses toward the emerging pollutants tetracyclines taken as model analyte, validating the superiority of EIEE‐active hybrid micellar systems over ACQ suffering PF‐DBT‐Im aggregates. The established method not only provides a facile solution to circumvent ACQ problem existing in low water dispersible CPs but also endorses an enhanced, simplified sensing system for visual and on‐site detection of analytes with likely futuristic applications in biomedicine and solid‐state optoelectronics.