bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analiza przyczyn konfliktów na uczelniach wyższych i alternatywne sposoby ich rozwiązywania. Część I. Mediacja w sporach akademickich
Authors: Gmurzyńska Ewa
Published: May 2021

This article consists of two parts. The first part analyzes the causes of an increasing number of disputes at universities, resulting both from external factors related to the crises of the 21st century and from internal factors, i.e. the nature of universities, the increasing complexity of problems arising at universities and the changing role of universities in society. One of the reasons for the increased number of conflicts is the treatment of universities as service providers, which is a result of a change in understanding the role of universities. Students understand their role as consumers and this change alone causes an increased number of formal proceedings against universities. In response to this trend, universities in many countries are introducing or considering alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods, which are less expensive and faster alternatives to litigation or disciplinary proceedings, and include an important element of universities’ mission of educating students in a spirit of respect and tolerance for the other party, and also choose methods in which the parties have the opportunity to influence the resolution of the dispute. The article analyzes mediation which is the most frequently used method of ADR in different countries in academic disputes. Although mediation, according to the analysis carried out in the article, perfectly fits into the idea of an autonomous and independent university, it is thus far widely used only in some countries. The analysis of the application of mediation in certain countries may be an important reflection on the more widespread introduction of this method at universities in other countries partiuculary because mediation is not confined to one legal system. In the second part of the study, the author analyzes the use of court proceedings in resolving academic disputes, the institution of an academic ombudsman, as well as mixed and adjudicatory methods of solving conflicts in higher education.
REPLACEMENT OF MANUAL GMAW WELDING BY FCAW SEMI-AUTOMATIC WELDING
Authors:   FSI VUT Brno, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Welding and Surface Treatment, Brno, Czech Republic, SIGMUND MARIAN , CICHA TADEAS
Published: May 2021

The article describes a replacement and benefits between manual gas metal arc welding (GMAW) with solid wire and semi-automatic flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) with metal flux-cored wire for a specific application of a welded steel compensator used for connecting piping systems to form larger units. For the replacement of the technologies and improvement of the welding efficiency and productivity a specific type of carbon steel mounting insert, DN300 PN16, was selected. Since these pressure parts are subject to the directive 2014/68/EU, both the welding processes have to meet the same welding quality requirements. In particular, they are the welding procedure qualification report (WPQR) and the welder’s or welding operator’s qualification in accordance with valid European standards. Based on this requirement, a sample was selected so that it would cover the widest possible range of carbon steel mounting inserts produced. This article describes the whole experiment including the selection of the right equipment and filler material, finding the ideal welding parameters, and the subsequent qualification of the welding procedure and the operator with emphasis on the largest possible increase in the welding speed and productivity for these specific weldments.
COGENERATION UNIT NOISE REDUCTION BY ITS CASE
Authors:   Department of Control Systems and Instrumentations, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic, STRAMBERSKY RADEK , PAVELKA VACLAV ,   Department of Control Systems and Instrumentations, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic, PAWLENKA TOMAS ,   Department of Control Systems and Instrumentations, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic, SURANEK PAVEL ,   Department of Control Systems and Instrumentations, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic, MORZYNSKI LESZEK ,   The Department of Vibroacoustic Hazards, Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
Published: May 2021

This paper deals with cogeneration unit noise measurement by the acoustic camera. Noise is not only measured as the final number of sound power levels, but also its original location is determined with the use of the beamforming algorithm. The properties of the used microphone array are considered and numerically calculated as every different microphone array layout will measure with another resolution. From the frequency spectrum, the possible technical source is determined. The results of noise source visualization show the cogeneration unit case noise decreasing effect while also offering the possibilities for design improvements.
ANALYZING THE PERFORMANCE OF CIRCLE SEGMENT END MILL WITH PCD INSERTS WITH LASER-MACHINED INTEGRAL CHIPBREAKER WHEN DRY MILLING OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURED TI-6AL-4V TITANIUM ALLOY
Authors:   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, TRCKA TOMAS , POLZER ALES ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
Published: May 2021

Components with generally shaped surfaces requiring higher surface quality and dimensional accuracy are, in most cases, machined. Specifically, milling technology is involved very often, which can be supplemented by finishing operations. Besides standard ball-nose end mills, circle segment end mills are modern type of cutter that has begun to be used with the development of advanced computer aided machining software, that allows to work with these shaped tools. In this research, comparing the performance of these two modern shaped end mills was investigated. One tool was a commercially available coated solid carbide circle segment end mill. A second prototype end mill with the same profile but different geometry was made with a PCD insert, that additionally had a chipbreaker produced by laser technology. Machining was carried out on the workpiece material the Ti-6Al-4V that was manufactured by additive manufacturing (AM) technology – selective laser melting (SLM). The titanium complex parts are generally used in the transport industries and medicine. Milling tests were performed under dry cutting conditions. The evaluation was based on the force load, the roughness of the machined surface and tool wear. The higher total forces were measured by the tool with a PCD insert, because a different tool geometry was used, despite the use of integral chipbreaker, which allows a partial change of the cutting geometry of the insert. The geometry of end mills with brazed insert is limited by the production process.
CONNECTING A VIRTUAL PRODUCTION AND A PLC
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic, KUBR JAN , NOVIKOV KONSTANTIN ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic, HOREJSI PETR ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic, KLEINOVA JANA ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic, KRAKORA DAVID ,   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, Czech Republic
Published: May 2021

This article deals with the implementation of virtual manuals for mass production workplaces in the automotive industry. The aim is to conduct a pilot study as a source for future research and the possibility of connecting virtual instruction manuals to production systems. A system was designed that uses its own software solution for creating instructions, which was connected to a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) in a manufacturing company. The whole system is connected to the company’s production cycle. This solution has been validated. Three months after the introduction of the innovation, it can be stated that during the application of the system, the scrap rate was reduced from an initial 12 pieces to a final state of 3 pieces, and the length of time for training newly arrived operators was shortened. The analysis focused mainly on the evaluation of scrap, the aspect of time in this case did not need to be stated due to the high workplace cycle. The proposed solution thus contributed to the streamlining and modernization of production and will be an important input for the creation of a general IoT methodology.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE HOOK FORGING PROCESS
Authors:   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, RIHACEK JAN , BARTAK JAN ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, PODANY KAMIL ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, CISAROVA MICHAELA ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, PETERKOVA EVA ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
Published: May 2021

The paper is focused on analysis and optimization of the jaw turnout lock hook forging process, which is used in rail transport. It is forged from 37MnSi5 steel in Kralovopolska LLC. Currently, a fold occasionally occur in the inner side of curved part formation during the forging process, which leads to possible cracks in the finished forged part in some cases. Therefore, optimized semi-finished product size and tool geometry is proposed and subsequently verified by numerical simulation using Simufact Forming software. Before the actual optimization, an accuracy of the simulation is verified by analyzing of the current state and comparing simulation results with the real state.
VIBRATION FORECASTING BY THE RESULTS OF SYNCHRONOUS CONTROL OF WATER LEVEL CHANGES IN SEVERAL OBSERVING WELLS
Authors:   Technical University of Kosice, Department of Automotive and Manufacturing Technologies, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov, Slovak Republic, PANDA ANTON , NAHORNYI VOLODYMYR ,   Sumy State University, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electronics and Information Technologies, Sumy, Ukraine, PIGULEVSKY PETER ,   Institute of Geophysics S.I. Subbotin NASU,  Seismic Hazard Department with seat in Kiev, Ukraine, PANDOVA IVETA ,   Technical University of Kosice, Department of Automotive and Manufacturing Technologies, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov, Slovak Republic
Published: May 2021

The article presents the results of approbation the vibration forecasting methodology based on the synchronous measurement results of water level fluctuations in several observing wells. These fluctuations are caused by the shocks impact generated in a distant source of a maturing vibrations. The approbation demonstrated the reliable forecast possibility of earthquake time and its epicenter coordinates.
QUALITY OPTIMIZATION OF THE MACHINED SURFACE IN TERMS OF ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN THE WEDM PROCESS
Authors:   Department of Automotive and Manufacturing Technologies Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies of the Technical University of Kosice with a seat in Presov, Presov, Slovakia, STRAKA LUBOSLAV , KUCHTA PATRIK ,   Department of Automotive and Manufacturing Technologies Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies of the Technical University of Kosice with a seat in Presov, Presov, Slovakia
Published: May 2021

Current engineering production is characterized by ever-increasing requirements for the final quality of products. But high fabrication productivity is required in many cases as well. Another advantage is, of course, a beneficial economic efficiency of the production process. However, despite the advanced technical level of production and extensive knowledge in the field of electro-erosive machining, in many cases, the overall efficiency of the production process is based on the skills of operators. Besides, insufficiently experienced production operators sometimes still use the trial and error system, even today. A comprehensive set of information for selecting optimal conditions of the electric discharge machining process with the possibility of practical application in real conditions of practice is currently non-existent. The paper therefore describes the experimental measurements performed in order to optimize the quality of the machined surface with respect to electric energy consumption in the WEDM process. In contrast to current approaches, the solution of the issue relied on determining the relationship between the performance parameters of the process and its controllable output quality parameters so that they would be applicable to the conditions of real practice. It was found that with the reduction of discharge energy through individual WEDM operations, the quality indicators in terms of roughness parameters improve. However, on the other hand, reducing the discharge energy leads to a significant increase in the total electric energy consumption. Therefore, the aim of the performed optimization was to look for a suitable type of WEDM operation, in which a favourable value of the roughness of the eroded surface is achieved while maintaining favourable electric energy consumption.
PRODUCTION OF FIBER AS AN INPUT MATERIAL FOR THE 3D PRINTING PROCESS
Authors:   Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov Technical University of Kosice, Slovakia, POLLAK MARTIN , KOCISKO MAREK ,   Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov Technical University of Kosice, Slovakia, BASISTOVA ANNA ,   Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with a seat in Presov Technical University of Kosice, Slovakia, HLAVATA SIMONA
Published: May 2021

Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, is the process of joining organic, ceramic, polymer, metal and others materials. Most often used as input material are the ABS and PLA plastics. A large number of plastic products is constantly generated by industry, which beckons the idea how to manufacture these products in more environmentally friendly way. This paper deals with the possibility of producing a 3D printing fiber from a granular PLA material Ingeo 2003D with the addition of a mixture of color powder pigment and fiber from the selected PLA material with a glass powder filler. The production was carried out using the FilaFab PRO EX350 device, which is designed for fiber extrusion for 3D printing technology. The aim of the experiment was the creation of new materials in the form of fibers and their mutual comparison in tensile tests with commercially available materials intended for 3D printing.
POWER AND FORCE LIMITING TECHNIQUE AT COLLABORATIVE WORKPLACE
Authors:   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics, Slovakia, VIRGALA IVAN , PRADA ERIK ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechatronics, Slovakia, VAGAS MAREK ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Human-Machine Interactions, Slovakia
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, the automotive industry still incorporates collaborative robots and their applications into the less traditional processes to automate them. The purpose is to make up for the skill gap, retain skilled staff, attract the younger generation, and increase quality. The paper brings a short overview of the automated collaborative workplace, including the PFL technique description and possibilities. Also, human-robot collaboration (HRC) is elaborated together with the example of such an automated workplace (with dual-arm robotic system participation). The specific contact (transient, quasi-static) between the human body and robotic system is described to fulfill the HRC and PFL technique. It also summarizes and explains ISO / TS 15066 details to apply this technique at automated assembly process example.
APPLICATION OF AUGMENTED REALITY TOOLS TO THE DESIGN PREPARATION OF PRODUCTION
Authors:   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with seat in Presov, Slovak Republic, BARON PETR , KOCISKO MAREK ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with seat in Presov, Slovak Republic, FRANAS EDUARD ,   Technical University of Kosice, Faculty of Manufacturing Technologies with seat in Presov, Slovak Republic
Published: May 2021

The paper describes the application of augmented reality tools to create an auxiliary interactive tool in the field of design. To mediate it, an application with AR operation based on marker tracking has been designed. The created application works with the mobile devices platform. Two types of markers have been used in the application. To display basic information, buttons with functions are added to the scene, such as part information, rotation and change of position in the X, Y, Z direction. The application runs on a mobile phone, with a built-in camera. The marker is displayed in the drawing's lower left corner. The model is positioned so that it appears above the view of the part in the drawing. The task of the application is to support intelligent tools applicable in the design stage of production preparation, in the creation of drawing documentation.
NUMERICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MODAL ANALYSIS OF A CARBON FIBRE MONOCOQUE
Authors:   University of West Bohemia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Plzen, Czech Republic, SKOVAJSA MICHAL , KROFT ROMAN ,   University of West Bohemia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Plzen, Czech Republic, SEDLACEK FRANTISEK ,   University of West Bohemia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Plzen, Czech Republic
Published: May 2021

This paper deals with the comparison of experimental measurements and numerical simulation of the natural frequency and natural shape of a carbon fibre monocoque. This comparison is used to validate the numerical analysis with a real monocoque. Usually, monocoques consist of orthotropic materials like carbon fibre sandwich with a honeycomb core. The monocoque is manufactured by hand from several layers of different materials, which are connected by glued joints. This does not guarantee the material properties or the same mass the idealized numerical simulation.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS AT HIGH STRAIN RATE
Authors:   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology,  Dept. of Metal Forming and Plastics  Brno, Czech Republic, JOPEK MIROSLAV , FOREJT MILAN ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology,  Dept. of Metal Forming and Plastics  Brno, Czech Republic, HARANT MARTIN ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology,  Dept. of Metal Forming and Plastics  Brno, Czech Republic
Published: May 2021

The split Hopkinson's pressure bar test is a part of a group of testing methods used to determine dynamic behavior of various materials in an interval of strain rate from 100 s-1 to 103 s-1. The article describes the practical application of the testing method for aluminum alloy EN AW 6082. This alloy is used for cold-extruded parts (components of car airbags). Since the strain rate of cold forming technologies reaches up to 1000 s-1, it is necessary to determine the material´s behavior at these strain rate values.
INFLUENCE OF THE PRESSURE DIE GEOMETRY ON THE BENT TUBE OVALITY
Authors:   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, RIHACEK JAN , CISAROVA MICHAELA ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, PETERKOVA EVA ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, PODANY KAMIL ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Manufacturing Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
Published: May 2021

The paper deal with analysis and optimization of the pressure bar geometry in the case of the tube bending. The bending process is realized on Wafios RBV 60 ST CNC bending machine using rotary draw bending system. The processed semi-finished product is a tube, which is made of 24MnB5 steel. Currently, after tube bending by an angle of 120°, an unacceptable ovality occurs on its body. Therefore, the article presents the optimization of the pressure bar geometry, which helps to prevent the occurrence of the mentioned defect. Due to the least possible intervention in the bending process, only the change in the pressure bar geometry is tested. For this reason, a numerical simulation in ANSYS software is performed. Before the actual optimization, an accuracy of the simulation is verified by comparing the real initial state with simulation results.
Innováció a szociológiában : A társadalomtudomány és az adattudomány metszetében elhelyezkedő, innovatív kutatási módszerekre irányuló kutatói attitűdök vizsgálata
Authors: Parti Katalin , Szigeti Ákos
Published: May 2021

A társadalom digitalizációja olyan tudományfejlődési folyamatot tesz szükségessé, melyben megerősödik a társadalomtudomány és az adattudomány közötti interdiszciplináris együttműködés. Bár látható, hogy a társadalomkutatók egyre inkább nyitottak a számítógépes társadalomtudomány és a társadalmi számítástechnika módszereinek alkalmazására, a társadalomtudomány és az adattudomány közötti interdiszciplináris együttműködésben megvalósuló, az adatgyűjtési, adatelemzési és disszeminációs módszerek értékelésére és fejlesztésére irányuló projektekre alig találni példát. Feltáró kutatásunkban vegyes módszertant alkalmaztunk: szakértői körben lekérdezett online kérdőívben vizsgáltuk társadalomkutatók és adattudósok különböző kutatási módszerek és eszközök használatára való hajlandóságát, majd interjúk keretében bontottuk ki az innovatív társadalomkutatási módszerekre vonatkozó kutatói attitűdöket. Eredményeink megerősítik az interdiszciplináris együttműködések fontosságát, és felhívják a figyelmet a különböző tudományágak között kommunikálni képes „tolmácsok” szerepének jelentőségére. Emellett a kutatásmódszertani kérdéseken belül kiemelik az adatok érvényességével és megbízhatóságával kapcsolatos aggodalmakat, a nyílt tudomány gyakorlásában, az adatok és a kutatási módszerek megosztásában és a kutatási transzparenciában meghatározva a társadalomtudományok fejlődésének kulcsát.
Adaptive Probabilistic Protocol for WSN in Different Environments
Authors:   Middle Technical University, Department of Computer Engineering Techniques, Baghdad, Iraq, Al-nakash Aseel H. , Mahdi Siraj Q. , Al-Ani Oras A.
Published: May 2021

Distinguishing the nature of events in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), whether static or dynamic, determines the type of network action. The classification process is accomplished by adjusting the probability for electing the network head. In this paper, the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol based on the adaptive clustering technique is adopted with two scenarios. In the first scenario, a homogenous environment with a dynamic event is deployed to continuously send the sensing events during the entire period in order to maintain the communication between the base station and the network. Meanwhile, the second scenario deals with heterogeneous environments for static and dynamic events. The static-heterogeneous event is established through sending the data in a discrete manner, while the continuous-heterogeneous event sends the data in a dynamic event. Simulation results using Matlab 2019b indicate that the throughput and lifetime are probability dependent, where increasing the probability value to 0.2 in homogenous networks leads to increased throughput, as it reaches approximately (14402) packets compared to (12029) packets in the fixed probability scenario. In contrast to the heterogeneous network, the lifetime is increased to reach (2806) rounds compared to fixed probability, which achieves (2160) rounds.
Real-Time Human Detection in a Restricted Area for Safety in Truck Dumper Control System Using Deep Learning
Authors:   Data and Knowledge Engineering Research Unit, School of Computer Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, Worrakantapon Apirak , Pongsena Wattana , Kerdprasop Kittisak , Kerdprasop Nittaya
Published: May 2021

A process to receive raw materials from suppliers in an animal feed industry utilizes both automatic and semi-automatic machine control systems. The process called “truck dumper system” is the procedure that the suppliers provide raw materials carried by trucks; then, their tailgates open, and the raw materials are discharged by raising front end part of a truck to gather raw materials in a collection area. In general, the truck dumper system has been controlled manually by staff in a control room, not by a truck driver. However, serious accidents may occur during the process because when the dumper lifts up, the staff's vision has been blocked by the raised part of a truck. Therefore, if the staff controls the dumper to lift down by lacking safety awareness, people in the restricted area can be endangered. In this study, we proposed a framework of automatic human detection to prevent any accident that may occur from the truck dumper in the restricted area. The human detection model was developed to detect humans possibly in different blind corners that are difficult for staff in a control room to monitor these unseen areas for safety-awareness. The main technology of the proposed framework was the real-time human detection with fully convolutional neural network architecture called You Only Look Once, or YOLO. The framework has been designed to send a signal to terminate the truck dumper system immediately after the model detects people in the restricted area. In experiments, we discovered that the model could detect a human in all blind corners, including the corners that the staff's sight was completely bloacked by some barriers. The overall efficiency of this framework in an aspect of speed was high. The average time to process per image was 397 milliseconds by using CPUs and only 52 milliseconds by using GPUs. The results also showed that the model was effectively applicable to detect human in real-time due to its high-speed process.
PV-STATCOM in Photovoltaic Systems under Variable Solar Radiation and Variable Unbalanced Nonlinear Loads
Authors:   Laboratory of Engineering and Applied Technologies, Higher School of Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco, Kadi Youssef Ait El , Baghli Fatima Zahra , Lakhal Yassine
Published: May 2021

The paper focuses on an efficient method to compensate the harmonics and zero-sequence component caused by the variable unbalanced nonlinear loads. The studied compensator is based on the conventional Static Compensator (STATCOM) which is supplied by a photovoltaic generator rather than the storage passive components. That constitutes a Photovoltaic Static Compensator (PV-STATCOM). In addition to the active power production, this PV-STATCOM will improve the quality of the electric grid highly disturbed without any additional devices and costs. The used control strategy is based on the instantaneous power method and current control. The obtained results show the benefits of the photovoltaic active filter compensator to improve the energy quality. Specially, the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is decreased from 28.80 % to 2.03 %. The zero-sequence component of the load currents is reduced from 31.50 % to 4.26 %. The results prove also a high stabilization and limitation of the harmful repercussions of the compensator on the photovoltaic station and an automatic adapting to the solar variable radiation and to the unbalanced nonlinear load variations.
Quantifying the Impact of a Pigeon Dropping on the Output Power of a 10W PV Module
Authors:   Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa, Swart Arthur James
Published: May 2021

The output power from a stationary PV module tends to fluctuate throughout a day. This may be due to shading caused by clouds, contrails, trees, buildings and birds. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the impact of one pigeon dropping on the output power of a 10 W PV module that is located in a semi-arid region of South Africa. Data used in this experimental quantitative study was obtained from a LabVIEW software program that was designed to monitor and record the output power of a number of identical PV modules. Observations from this data enabled photographs to be taken of the PV modules that highlight the pigeon dropping. Results indicate that the instantaneous output power of these 10 W PV modules may be reduced by up to 5%, depending on the location of the single dropping. If the dropping is not removed, then a 1.5% power reduction can be realized for an entire day. A recommendation is to regularly clean these modules in areas that are well inhabited by pigeons, as every accumulated loss of power may lead to system downtime or even component failure over a period of time.
Bandwidth Enhancement of Square Microstrip Antennas Using Dual Feed Line Techniques
Authors:   Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Trisakti, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia, Alam Syah , Surjati Indra , Teguh Firmansyah Teguh x
Published: May 2021

This study proposes a new design of wide bandwidth microstrip antennas using dual feed line techniques. To obtain the optimal impedance bandwidth (IBW) and Axial Ratio Bandwidth (ARBW), several iterations were performed by controlling the dimensions and length of the dual feed line. From the simulation results, the proposed antenna obtained IBW of 0.4GHz or 17% and ARBW of 0.38GHz or 15% at an operating frequency of 2.5 GHz. The gain of the proposed antenna was 5.73dB with a directional radiation pattern. The dual feedline technique successfully improved IBW up to 254.16% compared with the single feed technique. This study would be useful especially for bandwidth optimization of microstrip antennas.
TRU Energy Monitoring for Potential Cost Saving in Electricity Bills for Cathodic Protection Units: South African Case
Authors:   Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa, Sibiya Cyncol A. , Kusakana Kanzumba , Numbi Bubele P.
Published: May 2021

Reducing the electricity bill in the industrial sector is an important problem worldwide. This study focuses on the awareness of industries to Cathodic Protec-tion (CP) energy conservation and on the potential of reducing electricity bills by a change of tariff or making use of renewable energy. Due to the frequent increase in energy cost at a significant rate, many indusial consumers are looking for ways to reduce the monthly electricity bill. The study aims to identify if it will be possible to use options such as renewable energy to supply CP systems, or if a change of tariff can help reduce the monthly bills. To achieve this, a real-time energy-monitoring device “Efergy E2” was installed in one of the Transformer Rectifier Units (TRU), the monitored TRU is located at Ndwedwe reservoir 2 in the areas of Durban. Among other benefits, the hourly load data analysis can provide the detailed characteristics of load demand, define the consumption patterns and can help to identify where the consumer could reduce the electricity bill. The results indicate that the load is almost constant throughout the day and changing to Time of Use (TOU) tariff does reduce the bills. However, the fixed charges amount to 11 times energy charges, hence the best way is to make use of renewable energy rather than changing a tariff.
Reduction of Mutual Coupling between Radiating Elements of an Array Antenna Using EBG Electromagnetic Band Structures
Authors:   Department of Physics, University of Mohamed Premier, Oujda, Morocco, Said Sara , Es-salhi Abdenacer , Elhitmy Mohammed
Published: May 2021

In this paper, a new array antenna configuration based on Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structures has been proposed for 3.5GHz wireless communication systems. The proposed slotted EBG structure, high impedance surface (SHI), consists of three squares and a square ring deposited on a substrate (Rogers RO4350) which has a relative permittivity of 10.2 and a thickness of 1.27mm. Initially a matrix of 3×7 unit cells of EBG structures is introduced between two patches of an array and then a matrix of 3×14 unit cell of EBG structures is integrated between eight patches, which resonate around 3.5GHz (Wi MAX). The insertion of these structures between the radiating elements of an array antenna reduces the mutual coupling and antenna dimensions by approximately (8dB, 11%) and (12 dB, 5%) respectively for two, eight elements array antenna. In addition, the directivity has been slightly improved in the presence of EBG structures, from 4.52dB to 6.09dB for a two-element array antenna, and from 8.18dB to 8.4dB for an eight-element antenna.
Deep Learning Based Classification of Radar Spectral Maps
Authors:   Air Force Early Warning Academy, Wuhan, China, Lin Tong , Chen Xin , Tang Xiao , He Ling , He Song , Hu Qiaolin
Published: May 2021

This paper discusses the use of deep convolutional neural networks for radar target classification. In this paper, three parts of the work are carried out: firstly, effective data enhancement methods are used to augment the dataset and address unbalanced datasets. Second, using deep learning techniques, we explore an effective framework for classifying and identifying targets based on radar spectral map data. By using data enhancement and the framework, we achieved an overall classification accuracy of 0.946. In the end, we researched the automatic annotation of image ROI (region of interest). By adjusting the model, we obtained a 93% accuracy in automatic labeling and classification of targets for both car and cyclist categories.
Energy-Efficient Cluster-Based Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in a Multiple Antenna Cognitive Radio Network
Authors:   Electronic and Electrical Engineering Department, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria, Ojo Samson I. , Adeyemo Zachaeus K. , Akande Damilare O. , Fawole Ayobami O.
Published: May 2021

Spectrum Hole Detection (SHD) is a major operation in a Cognitive Radio (CR) network to identify empty spectrum for maximum utilization. However, SHD is often affected by multipath effects resulting in interference. The existing techniques used to address these problems are faced by poor detection rate, long sensing time and bandwidth inefficiency. Hence, this paper proposes a cluster-based Energy-Efficient Multiple Antenna Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (EEMACSS) for SHD in CR networks using Energy Detector (ED) with a modified combiner. Multiple secondary users are used to carry out local sensing using ED in multiple antenna configurations. The local sensing results are combined at the cluster head using majority fusion rule to determine the sensing results at each cluster. The sensing results from individual cluster are combined to determine the global sensing result using OR fusion rule. The proposed EEMACSS is evaluated using Probability of Detection (PD), Sensing Time (ST) and Spectral Efficiency (SE) by comparing with existing techniques. The results reveal that the proposed technique shows better performance.
Optimal Economic Dispatch of Grid-Interactive Renewable Prosumers with Hybrid Storage and Peer to Peer Energy Sharing Capabilities
Authors:   Dept. of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engi., Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, South Africa, Kusakana Kanzumba
Published: May 2021

Currently, there is few research works focusing on the optimal power dispatch of hybrid renewable energy systems operating in conjunction with hybrid energy storage systems, precisely the combination of pumped hydro storage and battery storage systems. Moreover, there is a lack of studies that focusing on analysing the potential energy cost reduction resulting from the economic power dispatch applied to hybrid energy systems combining grid-interactive renewable energy sources with hybrid energy storages under the peer to peer energy sharing scheme. Given the fact that each of these concepts has the potential benefit of reducing the operation energy cost; this study proposes an optimal energy management model of two grid-interactive prosumers operating in a peer to peer energy sharing mode to supply the loads both from the hybrid renewable sources and hybrid storage systems whilst minimizing the cost of energy purchased from the national grid. Simulation were conducted using different scenarios linked to the internal power sharing pricing structures. The results showed that the proposed arrangement has the potential to reduce substantial energy cost; decrease the reliance of the prosumer from the grid as well as reducing the need of having a larger storage.
Transmission Capacity Improvement Using Unified Power Flow Controller with New Control Strategy
Authors:   Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Mandalay Technological University, Mandalay, Myanmar, Oo Moe Moe , Thuzar Myint
Published: May 2021

This paper presents Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) with a new control strategy to improve the transmission capacity in power system network. With the growing demand of electricity, it is not possible to erect new lines to face the situation. Therefore UPFC is optimally utilizes to enhance the existing transmission network. A detail explanation of the controllers for both shunt and series converters of UPFC and DC link capacitor rating are presented in this study. To justify the performance of the UPFC model, 230kV transmission system in Upper Myanmar National Grid is considered as case study. The proposed control system performance is checked by applying different faults across a transmission line to which UPFC is connected. This is necessary because of the chance for occurance of fault is larger for this case study network. And, loading condition is changed to study the control system response. The simulation results show the effectiveness and suitable performance of the control strategy at improving transmission capacity. Transmission network model and all simulations have been done using MATLAB/Simulink software.
A Comparative Study on Chinese Teachers' Implicit Theories of Creativity in the Context of Cross-cultural Communication
Authors:   YewChung International Education Foundation, Hong Kong, China, Huang Shan , Yang Baoling
Published: May 2021

Teachers' Implicit theories of creativity affect cultivation of students' creativity. This study aimed to investigate Chinese teachers' implicit theories of creativity in international schools in Chinese mainland by comparing the effect size with the previous research data. Results showed that there are mixed patterns of implicit theories in cross-cultural groups. Mixed patterns can be further divided into Native, Westernized, Continuous, Mutational, and Common patterns. Combined with individual interviews, this study further analyzes the deep reasons for the formation of the mixed patterns of implicit theories in cross-cultural groups from the perspectives of creative thinking and creative personality, and finds that school evaluation methods and the definition of students' achievements affect teachers' implicit theories of creativity.
The Development of Funding Schemes at Finnish Universities of Applied Sciences
Authors:   School of Business, JAMK University of Applied Sciences, Jyväskylä, Finland, Eskola Anne , Hundal Shab
Published: May 2021

This article examines the development of funding schemes at Finnish universities of applied sciences (UASs) between 2012 and 2018. During that period, the rudiments of the financing of Finnish UASs changed from cost-based to performance-based funding schemes. In a performance-based funding scheme, the state allocates funding based on the achievement of predefined objectives. The reform was intended to improve the processes and structures of UASs and to increase their effectiveness. This study explores the development of funding schemes from simple cost-based funding schemes towards more complex performance-based funding schemes with many indicators of performance. The results of the study offer empirical evidence on the impact of funding schemes on the measures of the performance of UASs, interpretations of the research object in context and causal connections between the above-mentioned elements.
Research on High-performance Teaching Method of Ship Helmsman Manipulation Course
Authors:   PLA Navy Submarine Academy, Qingdao, China, Zhang Haipeng , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Xiangpeng , Ai Xiayu
Published: May 2021

In order to improve the teaching effect of the Helmsman Manipulation course, the Helmsman Manipulation course was analyzed. According to the characteristics of the high-performance teaching method, twelve high-performance teaching links of the Helmsman Manipulation course were designed, moreover, the effects of the application in the Helmsman Manipulation course were evaluated either. The evaluation results show that the high-performance teaching method can significantly improve the teaching performance, specifically in aspects of forming a virtuous circle, enable students to accumulate experience, forming a positive steering concept, and having important application value in the warship steering class.
Examining School Administrators’ Technology Integration Leadership
Authors:   De La Salle Santiago Zobel School, University Ave., Ayala Alabang, Muntinlupa, 1780 Philippines, Torrato Janette B. , Aguja Socorro E. , Prudente Maricar S.
Published: May 2021

Technology leadership drives the technology integration program of any educational institution. School administrators take challenging tasks in integrating technology in the classroom. Their roles are critical to ensure that students’ learning in today’s context is globally relevant. Relatedly, this study examined the technology integration leadership of school administrators involved in a school-wide initiative via a three-module series seminar workshop on action research using descriptive qualitative research approach. A thematic analysis of the written abstracts provided an overview of the technology leadership of school administrators. Specifically, results revealed four technology related themes namely; School Policy Development, Professional Development of Teachers, Blended Learning Approach, & Teaching Strategies to Enhance Learning. Further research focusing on each theme is recommended to determine its impact to the actual teaching and learning implementation in the school.
Teacher Learning Community and EFL Teacher Professional Development
Authors:   Hebei University, Baoding, China, Han Hongmei , Wang Jinghua
Published: May 2021

This study explores the impact of teacher learning community on EFL teachers’ professional development. The participants are 17 EFL teachers from Hebei University in China. A year-long study was conducted on these teachers' group leaning activities through participatory observation and in-depth interviews. The preliminary results are as follows: 1) Generally speaking, through conversation, interaction and online peer evaluation in learning community, participant teachers have improved professionally in terms of critical thinking, academic writing, reflective thinking and research awareness; 2) In learning activities of the community, the experienced teachers focused more on the construction of knowledge regarding research methodology, through interaction with others and participation in teaching-based research activities, to reconstruct their knowledge about teaching and research; while the novice teachers placed more emphasis on the reconstruction of knowledge regarding pedagogical theories and the way these theories are applied in teaching practice, through social interaction with other teachers.
Global Competencies for Engineering Program Graduates from an Industry Perspective
Authors:   Shibaura Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Saitama, Japan, Rawboon Khwanruethai , Yamazaki Atsuko K. , Wongsatanawarid Atikorn , Oda Sayoko
Published: May 2021

Twenty-first century education in engineering has expanded from a local to a global level. Nowadays, it plays a significant role in connecting students with the global community and raising awareness of global issues. In particular, global collaborative environments in the corporate world require engineers with global professional competencies and skills. The need to identify and assess these competencies and skills has been the focus of industry leaders in recent years. It is crucial that engineering graduates’ competencies and skills match the features and qualities required by the industry. The purpose of this study is to assess the importance of global competencies and skills required from engineering graduates wishing to work globally from the perspective of well-known Thai and multinational companies based in Thailand. It is anticipated that the findings of this research work will be useful to engineering students, faculties, and management teams of institutes in developing a new engineering curriculum that provides the necessary competencies and skills. In this way, it will also be useful to industry by providing professional engineers with the appropriate global competencies and skills, thus contributing to the economic progress of the country.
Pengaruh Macam dan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Tomat Terhadap Pertumbuhan Anggrek Cattleya Secara In Vitro
Authors: Barroroh Umul , Aiman Umul
Published: May 2021

The research  was  aimed to observe  the influence  of kinds and dosage  of tomato extract  on growth of orchid Cattleya planlet in the Murashige and Skoog media. The experiment was arranged in a completely random design  (2 x 3) + 1 control with three replications. The  first  factor  was maturity  of tomato consisted  of 2 levels i.e riped and  green tomato. The second factor was dosage of tomato  extract consisted  of 100 gram/liter, 150 gram/liter, 200 gram/liter, and with no tomato extract  as control. Result of the research  indicated  that  application of 100 g/liter of ripening  tomato extract gave the better growth of Cattleya orchid than the other treatments.
Febrile torticollis in an infant: what is your diagnosis?
Authors: Rkain Ilham , Toutimi Safaa
Published: May 2021

Retropharyngeal abscess is a rare but serious infection, in children, it is often secondary to upper respiratory tract infections.We report the case of an 18-month-old infant admitted to the emergencies for acute febrile torticolis. A computed tomographic (CT) scan with contrast agent injection revealed a collection of the retropharyngeal space; management consisted of triple antibiotic therapy and transoral drainage. The evolution was made towards a clinical and biological improvement. Retropharyngeal abscess should be suspected in front of dysphagia, cervical stiffness associated with a febrile syndrome, CT scan confirms the diagnosis and early management by intravenous antibiotic therapy whether or not combining surgical drainage, which remains a subject of discussion. Early diagnosis and management help to avoid life-threatening complications.