bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vaccination Against COVID-19 Disease During Pregnancy
Authors: Voiniušytė Austėja , Černiauskaitė Miglė , Paliulytė Virginija , Einikytė Rūta , Ramašauskaitė Diana
Published: March 2022

Background. The effect of COVID-19 disease during pregnancy is still under investigation, however scientific studies have shown that pregnant women with COVID-19 infection are at increased risk for severe illness or complications [1]. Risk factors for severe disease and death in pregnancy include maternal age (especially ≥35 years), obesity, preexisting medical comorbidities (particularly hypertension and diabetes or more than one comorbidity), and being unvaccinated [2]. Many societies of obstetricians and gynecologists recommend that all pregnant patients undergo COVID-19 vaccination [1]. The aim of this study is to observe demographic characteristics, including education, place of residence and type of employment of women who chose to be vaccinated against COVID-19 in Lithuania, as well as to investigate any adverse reactions following the COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy and compare the results to published scientific data.Materials and methods. An online questionnaire for pregnant women primarily located in Lithuania who received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine before giving birth has been launched in July, 2021. Data were entered via Google Forms and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics. Literature review was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar search engines on inclusion criteria: publication date 2019–2021, used keywords pregnancy, COVID-19, vaccination, side effects.Results. Data were collected from 227 women vaccinated against COVID-19 during pregnancy. It was observed that the most chosen vaccine was Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 (196 out of 227 individuals (86%)). More pregnant women confirmed having fever after the second dose compared to the first dose (p=0.006). In addition, injection site pain was the most common local side effect after both doses (98%) and more common after the first dose compared to the second (p=0.002). Regarding systemic reactogenicity more women experienced fatigue after the second dose comparing to the first dose (p=0.01). Furthermore, more women were unable to engage in daily activities after the second dose (p=0.03). All other symptoms did not differ after doses 1 and 2.Conclusions. Overall findings of this study did not suggest any obvious safety signals among pregnant individuals who received COVID-19 vaccine and all the side effects were comparable to the general population. Completed literature review indicates that pregnant women vaccinated against COVID-19 experience the same side effects as individuals in general population and no specific postvaccination reactions among pregnant individuals are observed.
Assessment of the influence of the composition of the soil-sludge mixture for the reclamation of disturbed lands on the content of oil products and heavy metals
Authors: Usova Elena , Mudrikova Olga
Published: March 2022

The article considers a method for the disposal of drill cuttings for the reclamation of disturbed lands.
The soil and sludge mixture for restoring disturbed lands is oil production waste, sand and peat mixed in a given ratio; if necessary, sorbents and oil flora destructors can be added.
The authors conducted an information search for raw materials that are used for the industrial production of oil sorbents on the Russian market. Vermiculite used in this work is a natural sorbent and biostimulant. In order to evaluate the contribution of each of the added components to the properties of the resulting soil-slurry mixture and to select their optimal ratio, an experiment planning matrix was compiled.
The authors have shown that in terms of physical and chemical properties, soil-slurry mixtures with different content of components meet the requirements for reclaimed lands.
Unremediated drill cuttings, when sludge pits are overfilled or destroyed, or simply improperly stored without arrangement, lead to an increase in environmental pollution with oil and oil products, heavy metals and other chemicals.
As a result of the research, regression equations were obtained for the sorption of oil products and lead ions depending on the content of peat, sand and vermiculite.
It was shown that the content of sand in the soil-slurry mixture has the greatest effect on the absorption of oil products, while a change in the amount of peat and vermiculite has little effect on the content of oil products in the soil.
The content of lead ions is most affected by the amount of vermiculite introduced; peat also showed good sorption capacity for lead in the composition.
Application of vertical electrical sounding method to differentiate low terraces of the Lena river near Yakutsk
Authors: Neradovsky Leonid
Published: March 2022

The author proposes to consider the of electrical resistivity as a new indicator for solving one of the problems of geomorphology confirming or rejecting the hypothesis that the geomorphological appearance of the valley of the Lena River "Tuimaada", where Yakutsk is located, consists of not one, but two low floodplain terraces. To solve this problem, the data of the vertical electrical sounding method were used. With a small but statistically significant difference in the sample estimates of the average resistances, they naturally grow when moving from the first Yakut terrace to the higher second Sergelyakh terrace within the entire Tuymaada valley. Based on the data of engineering and geological surveys, the difference in the average estimates of the resistances of above-floodplain terraces is explained by the variability of the structure of frozen sands. In this variability the dominant factor is the factor of material composition, which generates a significant variability in the physical and mechanical properties of the sands along with the insignificant effect of factors and thermal, cryogenic state. According to the survey data, during the transition from the Yakut to the Sergelyakh terrace, fine-grained sands are replaced by older medium-grained sands with a natural decrease in the average indicators of total humidity, porosity and density growth of the mineral skeleton. Statistical analysis of the data of the electric sensing method confirms both the hypothesis put forward and the ideas of the predecessors of geomorphologists. Exactly, the Tuimaada valley consists not of one, but of two low terraces of different heights above the floodplain. The reliability of probabilistic and statistical solutions on which the conclusion is based is quite high and does not fall below 70 %.
Honey bees metapopulations, parasites, and landscape - search for possible relationships: case study Slovakia
Authors: Obona Jozef , Július Árvay , Lenka Bobuľská , Lenka Demková , Peter Manko , Miloslav Michalko , Stanislav Kowalski , Rastislav Sabo
Published: March 2022

The loss of bees is a relatively well-known worldwide phenomenon. Many papers examine the direct influence of different factors on global bees lost. However, a look at this problem with the intentions of host-parasite-environment interactions is rare. This paper post tries to prove possible connections among bees, their parasites and landscape structure. During the research at 27 suitable sites across Slovakia, Nosema spp. spores were detected in two samples (7.41 % of examined apiaries) and Varroa destructor in a total of 41 % of samples (mean prevalence of 0.57). Significant differences were found in mites infestation in altitudes up to 500 m and over 500 m, and at sites with different ES. Considering the landscape structure, Varroa infestation was significantly positively influenced by the presence of discontinuous urban fabrics.
Adolescents’ Understanding of the Model of Sponsored Content of Social Media Influencer Instagram Stories
Authors: Balaban Delia Cristina , Mucundorfeanu Meda , Mureșan Larisa Ioana
Published: March 2022

Our study stresses the importance of developing understandable and easily recognizable ad disclosures for adolescents as a specific target group of social media influencer (SMI) advertising. A comprehensive advertising literacy concept that includes a cognitive, performative, and attitudinal component builds the theoretical background of the present research. We examine the effectiveness of ad disclosure in the native language of adolescent Instagram users, explore their understanding of the economic mechanism behind SMIs’ advertising activities, and their skepticism toward sponsored content. Furthermore, we analyze the role that sponsorship transparency on Instagram stories plays in adolescents’ responses to advertising. A three-level between-subjects survey-based experimental design (manipulating the absence of ad disclosure versus ad disclosure in the participants’ native language versus standardized paid partnership ad disclosure in English) was conducted online with female adolescent participants (N = 241) in a European country. Findings showed that adolescents who understand the economic model behind SMI advertising have positive intentions toward the SMI and intend to spread online information about the promoted brand. However, even if ad disclosure made in the adolescents’ native language improved ad recognition, such knowledge did not result in more sophisticated defense mechanisms in the form of critical evaluations of the ads.
Exploring Teenagers’ Folk Theories and Coping Strategies Regarding Commercial Data Collection and Personalized Advertising
Authors: Holvoet Sanne , Jans Steffi De , Wolf Ralf De , Hudders Liselot , Herrewijn Laura
Published: March 2022

New data collection methods and processing capabilities facilitate online personalization of advertisements but also challenge youth’s understanding of how these methods work. Teenagers are often unaware of the commercial use of their personal information and are susceptible to the persuasive effects of personalized advertising. This raises questions about their ability to engage in privacy-protecting behaviors. This article examines teenagers’ coping responses to commercial data collection and subsequent personalized advertising, considering their limited knowledge. Ten focus groups with 35 teenagers aged 12–14 were conducted. The findings show that teenagers hold certain folk theories (i.e., incomplete and/or inaccurate representations of reality) about how and why their personal information is being collected for commercial purposes (e.g., commercial data collection is unavoidable or all principles of privacy statements are the same). Their coping responses regarding commercial data collection (e.g., limiting information disclosure or refusing to accept privacy policies) and personalized advertising (e.g., trying to change settings or avoiding interaction) are often based on these folk theories and embedded in their everyday practices. Despite teenagers’ efforts, we argue that their responses might not always be effective. Implications for educators, advertisers, and policymakers are discussed.
Twenty-First Century Military Multilateralism: “Messy” and With Unintended Consequences
Authors: Olsen Gorm Rye
Published: March 2022

The current century has witnessed several high-profile Western military interventions in developing countries: Afghanistan, Iraq, and Mali/West Africa are well-known examples. All three were initiated unilaterally by the US or France but were soon supplemented with multilateral missions which operated in parallel with the unilateral intervention force, giving them a “messy” appearance. In the three cases, the foreign policy decision-makers in the US and France reacted mainly to domestic stimuli, most evidently in the case of the US, where revenge for 9/11 was a strong motive. Like-minded partners in NATO and troops from developing countries shared the burdens of the US and France and gave legitimacy to the military interventions. The consequences of the interventions were not that they contributed to stability. Rather they supported the incumbent elites, as they were able to avoid launching economic and political reform. The lack of reform undermined the prospects for stability.
PENSION SYSTEM: СONTINUOUS REFORM
Authors: Kolesnik A. P.
Published: March 2022

In the article, the author analyses systemically a draft law aimed at merge of the Russian Pension Fund and the Russian Social Insurance Fund. The following aspects are considered: current conditions for the merge; purpose of the merge; functional and structural aspects of the merge; changes to be made in the management system of the social insurance; processes contributing to the merge. Upon the analysis, the author formulated conclusions of seven paragraphs.
Ideas estéticas del alumnado de Educación Secundaria sobre lo patrimonial: estilo artístico e imaginario colectivo
Authors: PONCE GEA ANA ISABEL , Rodríguez Pérez Raimundo Antonio
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo pretende analizar las ideas estéticas de los estudiantes de tercer curso de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (14-16 años) en un centro educativo español, ubicado en la Región de Murcia. Es un estudio sobre sus percepciones y cómo construyen un discurso a partir del problema de investigación delimitado, las fuentes (imágenes) proporcionadas y las ideas previas provenientes de los distintos espacios donde se mueve el alumnado. Todo ello asociado a la consideración de lo patrimonial, entendiendo la dimensión estética como parte esencial de la cultura histórica y, en todo caso, en relación con la conformación de identidades. Con este propósito, llevamos a cabo un estudio fenomenológico, con la participación de 107 alumnos y alumnas, ligado a una propuesta didáctica. Para su análisis, con una categorización inductiva-deductiva a través de Atlas.ti 7.0, asumimos la concepción de la disciplina histórica como íntimamente ligada a la elaboración de discursos. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto una asociación del producto artístico al estilo artístico entendido como producto cerrado, una escasa contextualización de las fuentes como habilidad del pensamiento histórico y una influencia del imaginario colectivo, a través de la memoria, asociado a las construcciones monumentales y el estilo barroco.
Treatment tactics for könig and lawen diseases in children
Authors: Nemsadze V. P. , Kuznechikhin E. P. , Vybornov D. Yu. , Krestyashin V. M.
Published: March 2022

We present the results as well as our experience in observation and treatment of 54 patients aged from 7 to 15 years with femoral condyle osteochondrosis dissecans (31) and patella chondromalacia (23). Application of arthroscopic methods in complex diagnosis enabled us to differentiate the stages of the disease with regard for roentgenological and intraarticular (endoscopic) changes. For the stimulation of regeneration in the zone of osteonecrosis both conservative (electromagnetic) and suigical (endoscopic oste- operforation, insertion of bone allopins, etc.) methods were used. Radionucleid method was used for the objective evaluation of the treatment results.
Achillotalar syndrome
Authors: Mironov S. P. , Vasiliev D. O.
Published: March 2022

The authors have detected and described a syndrome that consisted of pathological functional changes in the posterior segment of the talus coupled with the pathology of the Achilles tendon. That symptomocomplex named as Achillotalar syndrome was diagnosed in 9 patients. All patients were thorouglily examined and treated suigically. As a result, they all reverted to their initial level of professional and physical activity.
Extremity segment resection as a special type of surgical intervention in patients with malignant tumors
Authors: Makhson A. N.
Published: March 2022

A suigical intervention called extremity resection was developed. It consists in removal of the entire segment of the extremity (including bones, joints, muscles and skin) after preisolation tluoughout its extention of great vessels and nerves wlrich are preserved. With a tumor in the bones forming a knee joint, the operation ends with the application of the exterior fixation apparatus to achieve consolidation of the femur and the tibia. Then osteotomy is perfonned at one or two levels and the extremity is extended in the apparatus. A bone defect may be replaced by an endoprosthesis on the arm where shortening lesser affects the function after resection of an extremity segment with the ulnar joint. Eight patients with various malignant tumors were operated on in accordance with this procedure.
Surgical treatment of posttraumatic defects of the skull in children
Authors: Mytnikov A. M. , Ivanov L. B. , Eshankulov G. S. , Zolkin P. I. , Korablyov V. V. , Schedrinskaya S. Yu.
Published: March 2022

The authors analyze many-year experience gained in the treatment of children with posttraumatic defects and depressed fractures of the bones of cranial vault at Department of Nemotraumatology of the Moscow Research Institute of Pediatrics and Childhood Surgery and the results of various cranioplastic operations in 141 children aged 1 month to 15 years. Autocranioplasty was earned out in 50 children (reposition in 11, replantation in 37, secondary autoplasty with preserved transplant in 2). Cranioplasty with allotransplants was carried out in 77 patients. Polymeric expiants for cranioplasty were used in 4 cases, carbon ones in 10. Ligature method for transplant fixation was resorted to in 52 patients, compression one in 47, reposition and replantation without supplementary fixation in 42 cases. The best remote results were attained after plasty by the compression method with autobone, allotransplants, and carbon expiants.
Replacement of extensive bone defects in patients with locomotor system tumors
Authors: Makhson A. N.
Published: March 2022

The paper discusses the problem in replacing extensive bone defects after adequate resections in patients with locomotor system tumors, defines a concept of an adequate operation, and provides an original classification of osteotumors by the extent of a tumorous process. After extirpation of the clavicle (including resection of the manubrium sterni and the first rib), scapulectomy, inter-scapulothoracic, pelvic, and proximal fibular resections, the author does not replace bone defects, without deteriorating the surgical functional outcomes. In 135 patients, defects were replaced by variously designed endoprostheses (in 23 of them this was done after total removal of the femur or humerus). Postendoprosthetic complications developed in 14 patients: early suppuration (n = 3), metallosis and late suppuration (n = 3), endoprosthetic fracture (n = 5), and intraoperative bone fracture (n = 3). Bone fracture occurred while mastering the procedure and failed to affect therapeutical functional results. In extensive long bone diaphysial defects and combined bone and soft tissue defects, the author used autografting on micro-vascular anastomoses in 34 patients or defect replacement in the Ilizarov apparatus in 8 patients.
Conservative treatment of patients with Paget disease
Authors: Burdygin V. N. , Rodionova S. S. , Kolondayev A. F.
Published: March 2022

The paper deals with results of conservative treatment of 96 patients with Pagets disease with the national drugs, such as calcitrin and xidiphone which affect osseous metabolism. Positive results were achieved in the clinical, X-ray, biochemical pattern of the disease in most patients. This makes it possible to recommend the drugs for treatment. The advantages and disadvantages of the agents are determined. The efficiency of xidiphone therapy is regarded to be the most beneficial. It is suggested that complications may develop and progress in some cases even when there are marked positive shifts, which dictates the necessity of continuous monitoring of patients.
Guy sutures fixative for the manual application of vascular sutures
Authors: Bliskunov A. I.
Published: March 2022

The device proposed is notable for its simplicity and compactness. It prevents mechanical stenosis of the vessel in the suture zone, considerably improves the convenience of the suturing (even when rotation of the vessel is not possible) and enables to make a vascular suture without any assistance.
Correcting the Background Tilt Signal of the Horizontal Seismometer Using a Rotation Sensor
Authors: Lin Chin-Jen , Ku Chin-Shang , Chi Tsung-Chih , Huang Bor-Shouh , Huang Hsin-Hua , Liu Chun-Chi
Published: March 2022

In observational seismology, the long-period background noise level in horizontal seismometer components is always higher than the vertical component at the same location. It is believed that the horizontal long-period noise is mostly attributed to ground tilt, yet the authentic tilt recordings of background noise in the seismic frequency band (0.01–20 Hz) have not been recorded successfully. We demonstrate the use of a newly developed optical-based rotation sensor, blueSeis-3A, to correct for the tilt effect in a horizontal seismometer. A station with a horizontal long-period (1 < T < 100 s) background noise level higher than the global new high-noise model was chosen, where a seismometer, a tiltmeter, and a rotation sensor were collocated. We first confirmed that the horizontal recordings from a tiltmeter and a seismometer were visually consistent, although it was unclear if tilt contamination existed in both recordings. It became evident until the ground tilt recorded by a rotation sensor was found to be waveform-matched with them, indicating that both sensors were contaminated by tilt. The spectrum of tilt records showed that ground tilts were mostly at period bands >1 s. By subtracting tilt from seismometer records, the horizontal background noise levels could be improved, approximately to the resolution level of the rotation sensors. Our results demonstrate that collocating rotation sensors with seismometers is a feasible way to improve the quality of the long-period background noise level in seismometer horizontal components when rotation sensors are sufficiently sensitive.
Nézetváltozások az epilepszia keletkezéséről és mechanizmusáról : Rendszeralapú megközelítés
Authors: Halász Péter , Szűcs Anna
Published: March 2022

Az epileptogenesis útjainak vizsgálata a rend­szerepilepszia-koncepció mentén. Irodalmi áttekintés és saját tapasztalatok alapján ismertetjük a deklaratív memóriarendszer, az alvás/ébredés és a perisylvian kommunikációs rendszer epilepsziás átalakulását, majd az epileptogenesis folyamatát bemutatjuk az agyi sérülések és a poszttraumás epilepszia modelljén is. Az ismertetett rendszer-epilepsziák kiala­kulásában közös lépések ismerhetők fel a plaszticitás és a NREM-alvás alatti szinaptikus homeosztázis felfoko­zó­dásában, ami egyben rávilágít az alvás döntő szerepére epilepsziában. Megkíséreljük körvonalazni a rend­szerepilepszia-koncepciót, és az egymással összefüggő plaszticitás – alvási szinaptikus homeosztázis „kisiklása” formájában rámutatunk az epileptogenesis lehetséges közös patomechanizmusára.
A study to assess the level of stress among nursing students of IUST during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mir Javaid Ahmad , Parveen Asmat , Wani Suheel Rashid , Nisar Tayyibah , Majeed Sakeena , Kausar Wahida , Islam Basit Ul
Published: March 2022

Stress is a universal phenomenon to which every individual is exposed WHO declared Covid-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020 which leads to stress anxiety burnout and need for sick leave which would harm the capacity of health care systems to provide services during crisis.

Research approach in this study, quantitative research approach was found to be appropriate to assess 60 students from nursing college of IUST random sampling technique was used for selecting the sample pandemic related perceived stress scale was used for data collection.

: The research design selected for this study was Descriptive Survey Design the current study was about to assess the level of stress among nursing students during Covid -19 pandemic. Hence, as per the nature of the research problem descriptive design was selected.

The responses of the subjects to the standard tool revealed that most of the nursing students had moderate stress 75% (45) followed by high stress with 16.7% (10) and mild stress with 8.3% (5). The mean low stress was 1.40 (SD = .548, percentage = 8.3%), mean moderate stress 1.57 (SD = .503, percentage = 75%) and mean high stress was 1.57 (SD = .500, percentage = 16.7%).
Effect of exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months on mortality of children due to pneumonia
Authors: Kamal Murtaza , Ansari Md Ehtesham , Choudhary Pallavi
Published: March 2022

To observe the effect of exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months in children in terms of mortality due to pneumonia.

This was a hospital-based, prospective, observational study. Study was done in a tertiary care hospital. 300 children of both sexes between 2 months to 5 years of age were enrolled in this study according to WHO defined criteria for severe and very severe pneumonia.

In the study, chances of getting very severe pneumonia was 4.1times more and mortality was 24.7% in the children who did not get exclusive breast feeding up to 6 months in comparison only 3.9% children died who had exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months.

Children who do not receive exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months are more prone to have more severe pneumonia and relatively higher chance of mortality.
Rh incompatibilty: A case study
Authors: Kamei Almond , Warrior Mamta Anandini
Published: March 2022

Rh incompatibility occurs during pregnancy. Rh antibodies cross the placenta and attack the baby's red blood cells leading to Hemolytic anemia. With Rh incompatibility, the woman's immune system reacts and creates Rh antibodies. Rh incompatibility happens only when the father of the baby is Rh-positive. Difference in blood type between a pregnant woman and her child causes Rh incompatibility. Nurse plays a vital role to offer psychological support to the mother and also to the members of the family.
A case of recurrent liver failure during febrile episode
Authors: Sundaresan Renu
Published: March 2022

Infantile liver failure syndrome 2 is a rare autosomal recessive genetic condition which manifests as recurrent acute liver failure episodes triggered by febrile illness. Clinical exome test which showed a homozygous sequence variant in the NBAS gene. The liver enzymes totally deranged during a febrile episopde and may make a complete recovery with conservative treatment like antipyretic therapy and other supportive measures.
Fatal outcome of intracranial embryonal tumor with multiple rosettes: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Verma Chandra Prakash , Singh Ankita , Choudhary Sunil
Published: March 2022

There are three known histological variant within the family of embryonal tumor with multiple rosettes. This family included embryonal tumor with abundant neuropil and true rosettes (ETANTR), ependymoblastoma (EBL), and medulloepithelioma (MEPL). Here we report a case and performed a comprehensive overview in terms of clinical, pathological, molecular and management outcomes of this rare entity of paediatric brain tumor. Clinically these variants found to have similar characteristics like age (<4 year) associated with highly aggressive nature with reported survival period of 2-3 years. In immunohistochemistry (IHC), most commonly applied markers were synaptophysin, neurofilament protein, Neu-N and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Recent data on molecular subgroups of PNETs have led to new insights on diagnosis and treatment of these tumors. Subsequently, LIN28A immunoexpression was identified as a highly specific marker for ETMR. As these tumor having poor prognosis because of aggressiveness in nature, treated as high risk brain tumors. Here we want to report a highly aggressiveness nature of disease, a 6 year old child presented with fever, headache and vomiting. Radiological diagnosis suggestive of left parieto-occipital lesion in brain underwent two time surgery and IHC suggestive of embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes -WHO grade-IV. He had not responded to treatment and died with overall survival of 2 months.
Intraoperative complication rates in cataract surgery performed by resident trainees and staff surgeons in a tertiary eyecare center in Hungary
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1085, Hungary, Magyar Márton , Ujváry László ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1085, Hungary, Nagy Zoltán Zsolt ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1085, Hungary, Tóth Gábor ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest 1085, Hungary
Published: March 2022

AIM: To compare the incidence of intraoperative complications during primary phacoemulsification (phaco) surgery between resident surgeons (residents) and staff surgeons (specialists) and to objectively determine the difficulty of stages in phaco surgery.
METHODS: This retrospective study included cases of phaco cataract surgery performed between January and December 2019. There were no exclusion criteria. For each patient, demographics, clinical history, case complexity, type of surgeon, and operative details were reviewed. Primary outcomes included intraoperative complication rates and the objective measure of difficulty in the steps of the surgery performed by residents and specialists.
RESULTS: A total of 3272 cases were included; 7.4% (n=241) of cases were performed by residents. The overall complication rate was 5.4% (n=177). The intraoperative complication rate was significantly higher (P<0.001) in residents (n=33, 13.7%) than in specialists (n=144, 4.8%). The most frequent complications were posterior capsule tear (n=85, 2.6%), anterior capsule tear (n=50, 1.53%), zonular fiber loss (n=45, 1.38%), and dropped nucleus (n=15, 0.46%). Objectively, the most difficult steps during surgery were phaco in 66 (60.0%), capsulorhexis in 21 (19.1%), irrigation/aspiration in 13 (11.8%), hydrodissection in 9 (8.2%), and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in 1 (0.9%) case.
CONCLUSION: Intraoperative complication rates are higher in residents than in specialists. The order of objective difficulty in phaco surgery steps is in line with the subjective findings of other surveys, revealing that the most challenging parts of phaco surgery are phaco and capsulorhexis.
Katie Get Your Gun: Frolicking through the Wild Wild West in Bard on the Beach’s The Taming of the Shrew
Authors: Beales Meredith
Published: March 2022

Meredith Beales reviews the Bard on the Beach production of The Taming of the Shrew, now relocated to the gun-toting West. This choice makes for an interesting rereading of the Katherine character, made even more sympathetic by her mistreatment at the hands of local townsfolk. The specificity with which the comedy Western world informs the eventual transformation of Katherine, and her surprisingly successful revenge against those who seemingly spent years bullying her, adds its own topicality to this uncomfortably nuanced play. A “satire of sexism” or “simply a straight-up sexist play”? Beales finds this Canadian production’s creative choices unusually informative, albeit within the confines of an ultimately troubling drama.
Little Did We Know!
Authors: Quarmby Kevin A.
Published: March 2022

Kevin A. Quarmby situates the 2019 theatre scene within the context of social justice concerns prevalent in 2019. Not only did 2019 pass with all its political, social, and cultural discord painfully intact, but also the year’s focus on disparate, often localized events now appears quaintly ill-considered given the global problems that erupted in 2020. The varied articles in Scene’s 2019 issue offer a taste of what was, a reminder what we missed, and what we hoped would soon return.
Exploring Areas of Improvement in IT Innovation Management in the Saudi Healthcare sector: Using COBIT 2019
Authors: Alaqeel Nada , H. Alharbi Zahyah
Published: March 2022

Many innovations have emerged in healthcare because of technological advancements in the sector. All these new and innovative technologies require good management practice within Saudi healthcare organizations. This paper discusses and investigates the current state of IT innovation management in the Saudi healthcare sector, focusing on potential areas for improvement using the COBIT 2019 framework. Nine staff from different Saudi healthcare organizations participated by answering interview questions that have been investigated and analyzed. Findings show initiatives steps were done toward innovation by the organizations. Even though not all healthcare organizations are at the same level, and they still need to do further works on innovation management. This is because they need to define clear and unified innovation processes that start from idea gathering until implementation closing. In addition to improving the innovation process by activating good documentation, enhancing human recourses, sufficient funding, and developing R&D.
Developing an Intelligent System for Diagnosis of COVID-19 Based on Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Shanbehzadeh Mostafa , Nopour Raoof , Kazemi-Arpanahi Hadi
Published: March 2022

An outbreak of atypical pneumonia termed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread worldwide since the beginning of 2020. It poses a significant threat to the global health and the economy. Physicians face ambiguity in their decision-making for COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment. In this respect, designing an intelligent system for early diagnosis of the disease is critical for mitigating virus spread and resource optimization. This study aimed to establish an artificial neural network (ANNs)-based clinical model to diagnose COVID-19. The retrospective dataset used in this study consisted of 400 COVID-19 case records (250 positives vs. 150 negatives) and 18 columns for the diagnostic features. The backpropagation technique was used to train a neural network. After designing multiple neural network configurations, the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values were calculated to measure the model performance. The two nested loops architecture of 9-10-15-2 (10 and 15 neurons used in layer one and layer two, respectively) with the ROC of 98.2%, sensitivity of 96.4%, specificity of 90.6%, and accuracy of 94 % were introduced as the best configuration model for COVID-19 diagnosis. ANN is valuable as a decision-support tool for clinicians to improve the COVID-19 diagnosis. It is promising to implement the ANN model to improve the accuracy and speed of the COVID-19 diagnosis for timely screening, treatment, and careful monitoring. Further studies are warranted for verifying and improving the current ANN model.
Organ Failure Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Transplant Outcome Organ Failure
Authors: Roshandel Elham , Hamidpour Mohsen , Ghaffari Nazari Haniyeh , Zamani Shayan , Hassani Mohammad , Saeedi Anahita , Hajifathali Abbas
Published: March 2022

Organ failure, including; liver toxicity, renal failure, and neurotoxicity, are frequent complications following HSCT which can affect the transplant outcome, morbidity, and mortality of allo-HSCT recipients: A retrospective study of 206 allo-HSCT patients was conducted to determine the frequency of organ failure and overall survival in patients receiving allo-HSCT. Liver toxicity, renal failure, and neurotoxicity were diagnosed according to clinical and laboratory records pre and post-allo-HSCT. A total of 33 patients (16%) developed organ failure within 200 days after allo-HSCT. Liver toxicity was diagnosed in 12% of patients, and the median time of its occurrence was 22 days (range: 0-207 days) post-allo-HSCT. Two percent (6 of 206) of allo-HSCT recipients presented renal failure. Renal failure was developed within the median time of 33 days (range: 5-88 days). Neurological involvement occurred in 0.9% of patients. Among 206 patients, the frequency of complications such as veno-occlusive disease (VOD) and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was 1.4% and 16.01%, respectively. One-year overall survival of patients who had organ failure was 24%, and the mean survival determined 329±99.58 days. Three-month overall survival of patients who developed liver injury and renal failure were 78% and 33%, respectively. Organ failure remains a common complication in patients who received allo-HSCT. Patients with GVHD and two or multi-organ involvement seem to have lower overall survival.
Evaluation and Comparison of Posterior Corneal Elevation Parameters in Different Grades of Keratoconus by Pentacam
Authors: Shariati Moghaddam Reyhane , Doostdar Asgar , Nabovati Payam , Yekta Abbasali , Sadoughi Mohammad-Mehdi , Mirzajani Ali , Khabazkhoob Mehdi
Published: March 2022

To evaluate and compare posterior corneal elevation data and anterior segment parameters in different grades of keratoconus by Pentacam. 114 eyes of 114 keratoconic patients (85 men and 56 women) with a mean age of 31.6±4.7 years were evaluated with a Pentacam Scheimpflug camera. Keratoconic eyes were divided into 3 groups or grades according to the maximum keratometry reading: mild or grade I (K=50 or less than 50 diopters [D]), moderate or grade II (K=50.0 to 55.0 D), and severe or grade III (K=55.0 D or higher). The posterior corneal parameters were obtained posterior. There were no statistically significant differences between keratoconus grades in terms of sex (P=0.661). Also, there were no statistically significant differences between 3 grades in terms of age (P=0.214). There were statistically significant differences in anterior keratometry readings (K), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA), and all pachymetric corneal measurements between all groups. With the progression of the disease, posterior K readings and all posterior elevation measurements were statistically different between the three grades. However, there were no significant differences in pupil diameter, anterior chamber volume (ACV), and corneal volume (CV) between the three grades of keratoconus. According to the results of this study, height data of posterior elevation, when combined with corneal anterior segment parameter, could provide a useful keratoconus severity classification tool.
Isolated Skin Rash in Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case Report of Skin Manifestation in COVID-19 Virus Disease
Authors: Raoufi Rahim , Jafarzadeh Jahromi Zahra , Razmjoei Fatemeh , Kalani Navid
Published: March 2022

Coronavirus Disease 2019 was initially identified as an infection of the lower respiratory tract but has so far manifested itself with very different symptoms. One of these symptoms is skin lesions associated with an active viral infection that can occur from the onset of infection until treatment. Therefore, observing these skin manifestations can be helpful in diagnosing and managing the disease. Our case is a 56-year-old man who came to the infectious clinic with a chief complaint of skin rashes. The patient was in good general condition on arrival and had no evidence of systemic symptoms of infection, such as fever, body aches, and cough. However, the PCR test for COVID-19 was positive. Although many dermatological findings have been reported with Coronavirus Disease, this case has reported with no symptoms other than skin manifestations that describe a viral infection. It seems that this disease can cause unexpected symptoms, even in mild cases. Therefore, it is better to have the COVID-19 in the corner of your mind when examining people with these symptoms.
Clinical, Laboratory Characteristic, and Treatment of Human Toxocariasis in Northern Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thu Huong , Van Thang Dao , Thi Anh Van Nguyen , Huy Tho Tran , Trung Tuyen Nguyen , Van Nam Le , Nhu Binh Do
Published: March 2022

Background: We determined the occurrence frequency of Clinical signs, subclinical characteristics on positive anti-IgG Toxocara ELISA cases, and clinical response results after 1 month of albendazole-specific treatment. 
Methods: A number of 103 clinically treated patients were studied between 2018 and 2019 in two hospitals. Relevant data are collected from examination and medical records such as age, sex, job, resident, clinical and sub-clinical signs. Sera samples were subjected to anti-IgG Toxocara antigen using ELISA. 
Results: The median age of the patient was 43.6 ± 14.4 years. The most common symptom groups were the skin and mucosa (88.3%), followed by neurological symptoms (44%). There are 76.7% of patients with risk factors for contact with pet dogs and cats. The majority of eosinophils in the normal range (< 8%) accounted for 85.4%, the major results of the OD value of ELISA were in the group (≥ 0.3-< 1.5) accounted for 75.7%. The skin and mucosa lesions in toxocariasis patients related to IgE values were statistically significant (P <0.05). The effectiveness of anthelmintic treatment is low with nearly half of patients having no clinical symptoms after 1 month of post-treatment. It is statistically significant between exposure to dogs/cats and treatment outcomes on clinical symptoms (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Toxocara infections in Vietnamese people often have skin allergies and liver damage, rarely with severe neurological symptoms. The efficacy of albendazole treatment after one month is not clear. In the near future, research with a confirmatory test other than Anti-IgG Toxocara ELISA is needed to screen for in-hospital diagnosis.
Seroprevalence of Human Toxocariasis in Children (5–15-Year-Old) Using ELISA Method in Ardabil District, North-West of Iran
Authors: Heidari Zahra , Alizadeh Zahra , Afzoun Khiyavi Hamid , Molaei Soheila , Mahdavi Abdollah , Mohammadi-Ghalehbin Behnam
Published: March 2022

Background: Toxocariasis is a worldwide-distributed helminth parasitic infection. This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of human toxocariasis in children living in Ardabil Province, North-West of Iran.
Methods: A seroepidemiological study to evaluate human toxocariasis among urban and rural populations of Ardabil County, North-West of Iran using ELISA test was carried out from 2019 to 2020. The study population was 472 children (185 females and 287 males) aged between 5 and 15 yr old. Immunoglobulin G antibodies against Toxocara spp. were analyzed by ELISA test.
Results: Of the 472 collected serum samples, 66 (14.0%) were positive for antibodies against human toxocariasis. The highest prevalence of infection was observed in children with age groups of 5-6 years. Data demonstrate higher seroprevalence among males (15.3%) than females (11.8%). Rural areas prevalence was significantly higher (24.4%) than the urban area (8.65%). The rate of the diseases was 22.8% in children having history of contact with dog.
Conclusion: Toxocariasis is prevalent in the children of Ardabil region. The present study can increase the awareness of the population about the risk of zoonotic diseases as well as the anthelmintic treatment of dogs by veterinarians and, more importantly, the control of stray dogs.
Sarcocystis bovifelis in Raw Hamburgers Marketed in Hamadan City, Western Iran
Authors: Jafari Fariba , Motavallihaghi Seyed Mousa , Bakhtiari Mehran , Maghsood Amir Hossein , Foroughi-Parvar Faeze
Published: March 2022

Background: We aimed to evaluate Sarcocystis contamination in conventional and industrial raw beef burger samples from butcheries and retail stores in Hamadan, western Iran.
Methods: Overall, 80 samples including 30 conventional and 50 industrial hamburgers were randomly obtained from different butcheries and supermarkets. All specimens were studied by digestion method following microscopic examination. Samples` genomic ribosomal DNA were amplified and nucleotide sequences were analyzed by BLAST for comparison with the sequences in the gene bank of the NCBI.
Results: Sarcocystis bradyzoites were detected in 46 of 80 (57.6%) samples. Positive specimens were included as 46 (57.6%) and 30 (37.5%) by digestion and molecular method, respectively. Differences between two studied (digestion and molecular) methods was statistically significant (P=0.00). Twenty-six (86.5 %) of 30 conventional beef burgers and 20 (40%) of 50 industrial burgers were positive for Sarcocystis sp. by digestion method. There was a significant difference between Sarcocystis infested conventional and industrial beef burgers (P=0.01).
Conclusion: The parasitic contamination of beef burgers implied a high level of infection in cattle. Felids as the definitive hosts for S. bovifelis urged on the improvement of the hygienic conditions of keeping and feeding livestock in order to reduce the infection. Molecular techniques confirm species in meat products with high sensitivity and distinguish it from human species.
Management of Misdiagnosed Bilateral Cervical Facet Dislocation: A Case Report
Authors: Mehrabi Yoosef , Vidal Christophe , Nabian Mohammad Hossein
Published: March 2022

Background: Despite improvement in technology and decision-making, misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis of cervical spine injuries in trauma patients can cause severe irreparable neurological damage.
Case Report: We present here a 56-year-old man, with a history of old bilateral C4-C5 dislocation who, contrarily to classically described unfavorable results of cranial traction in patients with older than 3 weeks cervical injury, underwent optimal reduction under cranial traction for four days and surgical intervention with an anterior surgical approach.
Conclusion: Relatively high incidence of missed cervical spine injuries in polytrauma patients illustrates that proper clinical examination, use of designed protocols for clearance of cervical trauma, and accurate interpretation of radiological imaging can sometimes be neglected.
Methodologies of Memory Studies and Sociology of Philosophy in the Study of the History of Philosophy and Science
Authors: Vlasova Olga
Published: March 2022

While interest towards Memory Studies has long been popular when it comes to studying cultural traditions and social groups, the field of science (scientific traditions) describes issues using the traditional language of history, philosophy and sociology of science. This happens despite Memory Studies potentially being a productive asset in this problem field. This paper brings together Memory Studies and R. Collins’ sociology of philosophy, while presenting a new strategy for problematization based on the history of philosophy. Memory Studies and sociology of philosophies are presented as two complementary approaches that have interdisciplinary prospects for understanding the methodological problems of the humanities in general and philosophy in particular. The foundations of the approaches are analyzed, a comparative analysis is conducted of the conceptual apparatus, examples of explication of sociological tools in the field of current philosophical discussions are considered.
How does philosophy work with the past, how does the “past-present” dialectic unfold in the community of philosophers, how do mnemonic practices determine the lines of power in this field? How are “sacred texts” selected in academic communities, what role do mnemonic practices play when it comes to generational bonds? What sort of practices circulate in the community in terms of condemning or accepting figures from the past? All of these issues are analyzed in the study, based on the concepts of Memory Studies and sociology of philosophy while invoking the ideas of R. Collins’ critics, as well as methodological historical and philosophical works. The approach offered by the author makes it possible to expand Memory Studies and sociology of philosophy into the field of history of philosophy and lay the foundations for such studies in the history, sociology and philosophy of science.