bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parametric Estimation of Long Memory Multivariate Gaussian random fields
Authors: N'dri Aubin Yao , Kamagaté Amadou , Hili Ouagnina
Published: September 2021

The aim of this paper is to make a theoretically study of the minimum Hellinger distance estimator of multivariate, gaussian, stationary, isotropic long-memory random fields The variables are observed on a finite set of points in space. We establish under certain assumptions, the almost sure convergence and the asymptotic distribution of this estimator.
Sage Extract as a Natural Source of Corrosion Inhibitor for Tinplate in 3.0 % NaCl
Authors: Dent Maja , Fuchs-Godec Regina
Published: September 2021

Research background. Due to the growing interest and attention of the world towards environmental problems and protection of environment, the worldwide demand for biodegradable and effective corrosion inhibitors for tinplate has grown. Considering the diversity of the structures of polyphenols that are present in sage extract, it represents a promising potential source of low-cost and effective biodegradable green corrosion inhibitor for tinplate in 3.0 % sodium chloride solution which is evaluated in this study.
Experimental approach. Tafel polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at 25 °C have been used to evaluate the inhibitory activity of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) extract as a green inhibitor for the protection of tinplate from corrosion in 3.0 % sodium chloride solution.
Results and conclusions. We used electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to show that sage extract could serve as an effective inhibitor (94.1 %) of the corrosion of tinplate in 3.0 % NaCl at a mass concentration of 0.2 mg/L and temperature of 25 °C. The results obtained from potentiodynamic polarisation reveal that the sage extract acts as a mixed type inhibitor, with inhibition efficiency up to 82.5 %, and the inhibition efficiencies calculated from EIS are in close agreement with these results. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR) results indicated that the inhibitory effect of the sage extract is due to the presence of a passivation layer on the tinplate surface, which consists of organic compounds such as polyphenols. These results confirm that the
sage extract is more efficient in inhibiting the corrosion of tinplate at a concentration of 0.2 mg/L than at higher concentrations. Also, it shows good inhibition of tinplate in 3.0 % sodium chloride solution.
Novelty and scientific contributions. The exceptional corrosion inhibition potential of
sage extract opens a door for its use and revalorization as a green corrosion inhibitor in
the food industry.
Barriers to Community Integration for Older People in Malaysia: A Qualitative Study from Occupational Therapist Perspectives
Authors:   Perdana University, School of Occupational Therapy (PUScOT), Wisma Chase Perdana, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Hui Yau Y. , Vytialingam Nathan ,   Perdana University, School of Occupational Therapy (PUScOT), Wisma Chase Perdana, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Singh Sangeeta K. ,   Perdana University-Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland School of Medicine, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: September 2021

Introduction Existing research has addressed the importance of community integration (CI) and its benefits of dwelling in a community but has yet to address the methods and efficiency of improving these activities among older people. Thus, it is vital to understand how healthcare workers can integrate the benefits of CI among older people, especially with the use of occupational therapists (OTs). The latter are actively working to improve ageing individuals mobility within the community. Objective This study aims to identify Malaysian OTs’ perspectives on CI’s and its implication on older people. Method Occupational therapist from different states of Malaysia participated in a semi-structured interview, through a virtual medium (Zoom Cloud Meetings). The interview guide encapsulated the theory of critical incident technique (CIT). Results Thematic content analysis, over fourteen participants from 13 states of Malaysia, provided insights into CI’s barriers for older people in Malaysia. The findings revealed that multifaceted factors from an individual, organisational and socio-environmental perspective limit older people’s active CI engagement. Conclusion South-East Asia hierarchal and collectivist culture play a significant role in influencing all factors of CI. OTs must understand and incorporate appropriate cultural norms during CI practice development for the older population in Malaysia.
A Physician’s Commentary on Electronic Health Records in the United States Medical Practice
Authors:   Department of Health Informatics and Analytics, Tufts University, School of Medicine, MA, USA, Angel Irina V.
Published: September 2021

This commentary presents a point of view on how the arrival of electronic health records (EHR) in the United States (U.S.) has changed physicians’ practice. EHR implementation has pros and cons. EHR systems have been a great asset during the pandemic and help with efficiency, safety, and cost reduction. Despite their benefits, healthcare providers and organizations still face challenges, including usability and interoperability across systems, contributing to physicians’ burnout. Can physicians adopt new technologies and adapt to current challenges? Is it the right time for physicians to stop being observers and become active participants in the process of healthcare innovation and implementation?
Towards Universal Health Coverage: Designing a Community Based Intervention to Scale Up Coverage with Health Insurance, in A-Duiem Administrative Unit, Sudan 2018-2019
Authors:   Clinical Community Medicine and Public Health Consultant, Khartoum, Sudan, Habbani Samia Y. I. , Karaig Egbal A. B. A. ,   Clinical Community Medicine and Public Health Consultant, Khartoum, Sudan, Al-Fadil Sumaia M. ,   Department of Community Medicine, Nile University, Khartoum, Sudan, El-Fadul Maisa ,   Public and Tropical Health Programs, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan, Shaheen Siddik M. A. ,   Department of Econometrics and Statistics, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan, Gadir Nahid A. A. ,   International Health Directorate, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan, Abu Zaid Hashim Al-Amin S. ,   Statistician, Khartoum, Sudan, Malik Elfatih M. ,   Department of Community Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
Published: September 2021

Background: Community engagement has proved effective in increasing access to healthcare including health insurance, in developed and developing countries. Aim: The study aims at designing and testing the effectiveness of engaging the community in awareness-raising and increment of health insurance coverage. Methods: The study was a social interventional community-based study, conducted in A-Duiem Administrative Unit, A-Duiem Locality, Sudan. Baseline data on enrollment in health insurance was collected from 800 heads of households, whereas data on knowledge and attitudes about health insurance was collected from 420 heads of non-insured households using a standardized questionnaire. Strategies to scaleup health insurance through community engagement was collected from community leaders, local authorities, and health insurance policymakers through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The community promotion package of health insurance was implemented for one year and post-intervention data were collected from 420 heads of households. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05 when the confidence interval was 95%. Qualitative data was analyzed manually using the thematic approach. Results: The study showed significant improvement in the knowledge of the heads of the non-insured households about health insurance after the intervention; knowledge about the enrollment process and service’s package has increased from 34.4% to 61.8% and from 55.8% to 84.7% respectively (p-value 0.0001 in both). The health insurance coverage increased by 17.3% with a significant difference and p-value at 0.0001. Conclusion: The study concluded that community members have a considerable role in awareness-raising and scaling up of health insurance coverage if they are properly organized, trained, monitored, and supervised. The insufficient commitment of local officials in the unit was a challenge to address during further testing and expansion of the experience.
Comprensiones sobre las prácticas de subjetivación que construyen los maestros en las redes pedagógicas
Authors: Acevedo Vásquez Leidy Daniela
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo aporta reflexiones al campo de la formación continua de los maestros, las cuales parten del estudio “Prácticas de subjetivación de los maestros partícipes de las redes pedagógicas de la ciudad de Medellín: un análisis sobre sus procesos de formación”. Los resultados de esta investigación, orientados bajo el paradigma posestructuralista, permiten comprender las redes pedagógicas como un campo constituyente del sujeto que funciona a modo de un dispositivo de formación, el cual –analizado desde la perspectiva foucaultiana– opera como una red de relaciones saber/poder donde los maestros configuran sus propias prácticas de subjetivación, en medio de usos tácticos del poder que habilitan movimientos de implicación en la emergencia de singularidades. Las conclusiones develan la existencia de tensiones en cuyo centro se debaten permanentemente los maestros entre lógicas de sujeción que intentan regular su formación –al instalar una única imagen de maestro– y condiciones de posibilidad que le permiten la invención de múltiples imágenes sobre sí mismos, es decir, de otros modos de existencia posibles para ser y estar con otros, para coexistir, pensarse y formarse desde la colectividad
Chisua: tejidos de voces maestras y saberes de maestros
Authors: RAMIREZ-CABANZO ANA BRIZET , Escorcia Romero Tadiana Guadalupe , MARTÍNEZ GARCÍA KAREN ANDREA , Negrete Soler Edith Constanza , Hoyos Martínez Roberto Esteban , Gómez Lina Piedad , Castro Páez Cesar Damián
Published: September 2021

Este tejido de letras, afectos, saberes e historias muestra los hilos que han entramado los sentidos de vida de la Red Chisua, retomando el vocablo muisca que significa mochila. En ese cúmulo de experiencias, la participación en los Encuentros Iberoamericanos y en otros eventos ha venido trenzando el colectivo. El artículo muestra el acontecimiento de ser red como maestro en formación y en ejercicio, cómo se bifurca en otros territorios y con otras redes, la construcción epistémica y la contribución en la consolidación de la política pública educativa. Inicialmente se presenta el origen de la red y su modelado en el tiempo. Seguidamente se explica cómo el tejido demarca nudos y desenredos, y los lenguajes que lo han hecho posible. Finalmente, se expone como el ímpetu de la colectividad inspira a Cre-ser como Maestras y Maestros que trabajan por escuelas constructoras de paz y de puertas abiertas.
Memoria política del Movimiento Pedagógico Colombiano en voces de maestros
Authors: Santamaria Mariela
Published: September 2021

Este artículo es resultado de una investigación realizada en la maestría en Educación en la Universidad Pedagógica, que pretende contribuir al debate sobre la participación de los maestros en el Movimiento Pedagógico Nacional. Se concibe en un enfoque epistémico, desde las epistemologías del Sur, teniendo en cuenta que estas muestran una gran diversidad de mundo, variadas formas de entender el conocimiento que no han sido reconocidas. Pese a que se han ganado algunos espacios, reclaman que esta gran diversidad queda desperdiciada, debido al predominio de un conocimiento hegemónico. La metodología se fundamenta en una investigación narrativa y una revisión documental, debido a que se pretende comprender contextos desde la voz de los maestros forjadores del Movimiento Pedagógico. Los registros y documentos permiten dar cuenta de diferentes voces y puntos de vista de los maestros, esto abre la posibilidad de tener en cuenta una polifonía que permite apreciar la existencia de un campo muy amplio de los maestros participantes del MP por investigar, Aún hay mucho por revelar, teniendo en cuenta que los maestros del MP hicieron varias apuestas. Las narrativas analizadas muestran que los maestros no fueron simples destinatarios o receptores de una iniciativa dirigida a ellos por parte del sindicato o de otros grupos, sino que fueron actores que confluyeron, junto con otras fuerzas, e hicieron aportes específicos al movimiento. Por tanto, sería necesario hacer una reinterpretación del origen del MP, desde la historia de los maestros, considerados como sus principales gestores e impulsores.
Plasmid Sequence Analysis from Long Reads v6
Authors: A Eccles David
Published: September 2021

This protocol demonstrates how to assemble reads from plasmid DNA, and generate a circularised and non-repetitive consensus sequence At the moment, this protocol uses Canu to de-novo assemble high-quality single-cut reads. Input(s): demultiplexed fastq files (see protocol Demultiplexing Nanopore reads with LAST). I've noticed that the default demultiplexing carried out by Guppy (at least up to v4.2.2, as used in the first version of this protocol) has issues with chimeric reads, which can affect assembly. Output(s): Consensus sequence per barcode as a fasta file
“Study of Estimation of Cerebrospinal Fluid C-Reactive Protein in Diagnosis of Acute Meningitis.”
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Pacific Institute of Medical Science, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India, Bansal Dr. Keshav , Bhatt Dr. Dhaval ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India, Dadhich Dr. Sunil Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan, India, Kariya Dr. Deep ,   PG Resident, Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
Published: September 2021

Objectives:To assess the diagnostic role of CSF C-reactive protein quantitatively in acute meningitisand to evaluate the efficacy of CSF C-reactive protein in differentiating pyogenic meningitis fromnon-pyogenic meningitis.Material and Methods: It is a prospective observational study of total 102children with suspected meningitis allocated into three groups based on initial investigations; group-I Pyogenic meningitis, group-II Non-Pyogenic meningitis and group-III No meningitis (Controlgroup). Quantitative CSF C-reactive protein was detected by the latex agglutination method. Datawere analyzed to establish the diagnostic role of CSF-CRP and to evaluate the efficacy of CSF-CRP indifferentiating pyogenic meningitis from non-pyogenic meningitis.Results: A total of 102 clinicallysuspected meningitis patients were studied. Based on CSF findings, the study population (102cases) was categorized into 3 groups. Group I was pyogenic meningitis consist 53 cases (51.96%).Group II was Non-Pyogenic meningitis consists 27 cases (26.47%). Group III was normal CSFfindings consist 22 (21.56%). 98.1% cases of pyogenic meningitis had elevated CSF-CRP level >1.1μg/ml of CSF. In the case of Non-Pyogenic meningitis, 96.2% were found to have CSF- CRP in therange of 0.05-0.10 μg/ml. The mean value of CSF-CRP in groups I,II and III were 5.57±1.48,0.09±0.042 and 0.01±0.010 respectively. Conclusion: Detection of CSF-CRP provides a newdimension to establish the diagnosis of pyogenic meningitis. It is a rapid, reliable and sensitivediagnostic test. From this study it is concluded that CSF-CRP can be used to differentiate pyogenicfrom non-pyogenic meningitis. Early, accurate and appropriate therapy can ameliorate the morbidityand mortality rates in such cases.
Faktor-Faktor Motivasi yang Berpengaruh terhadap Loyalitas Anggota OSIS
Authors: Nuraini Farida , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin , Benty Djum Djum Noor
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This study aims to determine motivational factors and their influence on the loyalties of intern school student council members. This study is classified as quantitative research with multivariate correlational design. The results showed that: (1) the factors of motivation namely physiological needs, security, social, respect, and self-actualization; (2) factors that encourage loyalties namely membership and duties; (3) physiological needs in the high category, security needs in the high category, social needs in the high category, the need for rewards in the medium category, and the need for self-actualization in the high category, (4) membership in the medium category, and tasks in the high category; (5) there is an influence of motivation on loyalties; simultaneously there is an influence of motivational factors on membership factors, partially the motivational factors that influence the membership factors are the need for appreciation and self-actualization needs, simultaneously there is the influence of motivational factors on task factors, partially motivational factors that affect the task factor are social needs, appreciation needs, and self-actualization needs.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor motivasi dan pengaruhnya terhadap loyalitas Anggota OSIS. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain correlational multivariate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) faktor-faktor motivasi Anggota OSIS yaitu kebutuhan fisiologis, keamanan, sosial, penghargaan, dan aktualisasi diri; (2) faktor-faktor yang mendorong loyalitas yaitu keanggotaan dan tugas; (3) kebutuhan fisiologis dalam kategori tinggi, kebutuhan keamanan dalam kategori tinggi, kebutuhan sosial dalam kategori tinggi, kebutuhan penghargaan dalam kategori sedang, dan kebutuhan aktualisasi diri dalam kategori tinggi, (4) keanggotaan dalam kategori sedang, dan tugas dalam kategori tinggi; (5) terdapat pengaruh motivasi terhadap loyalitas; secara simultan terdapat pengaruh faktor-faktor motivasi terhadap faktor keanggotaan, secara parsial faktor motivasi yang berpengaruh terhadap faktor keanggotaan adalah kebutuhan penghargaan dan kebutuhan aktualisasi diri, secara simultan terdapat pengaruh faktor-faktor motivasi terhadap faktor tugas, secara parsial faktor motivasi yang berpengaruh terhadap faktor tugas adalah kebutuhan sosial, kebutuhan penghargaan, dan kebutuhan aktualisasi diri.
Penggunaan Aplikasi Quizizz Sebagai Metode Evaluasi dalam Pembelajaran Daring terhadap Hasil Belajar pada Muatan PKn Kelas V SD
Authors: Wahyuillahi Nurul Izzah , Nawawi Imam , Mahanani Putri
Published: September 2021

Abstract: This research was conducted with the aim of knowing The Effect of Using Quizizz App in Online Learning on 5th Graders' PKn Final Score at SD Negeri Bunulrejo 1 Malang. This study used quasi-experiment as a research method and nonequivalent control group as a research design. The subject of the study were 91 5th graders in total; 24 students from 5A class and 26 students from 5B class. The instruments used was post-test. The data analysis technique used are mean difference test and descriptive analysis. The result showed that the average PKn post-test score in experimental group was 95,27 with 25,08 gain score while the average PKn post-test score in control group was 65,75 with 16,29 gain score. It showed that the average PKn final score and gain score in the experimental group is higher than in the control group after the test is being held. We can conclude that there are positive impact on using Quizizz app in online learning on 5th graders' PKn final score at SD Negeri Bunulrejo 01 Malang.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan guna mengetahui Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Quizizz Dalam Pembelajaran Daring Terhadap Hasil Belajar Pada Muatan PKN Kelas V di SD Negeri Bunulrejo 01 Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimental design dengan menggunakan desain penelitian nonequivalent control group design. Subjek penelitian adalah kelas VA sejumlah 24 peserta didik dan kelas VB sejumlah 26 peserta didik. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berbentuk lembar tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan beda mean dan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Aplikasi Quizizz dirasa sangat efektif dan berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil penelitian yang diperoleh sebagai berikut, nilai rata-rata post-test hasil belajar PKn kelas eksperimen sebesar 95,27 (kriteria sangat baik) dengan peningkatan nilai (gain score) sebesar 25,08, sedangkan kelas kontrol nilai rata-rata post-test hasil belajar PKn sebesar 65,75 (kriteria cukup) dengan peningkatan nilai (gain score) sebesar 16,29. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar PKn dan gain score kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol setelah diberikan perlakuan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya pengaruh (positif) dalam penggunaan Aplikasi Quizizz terhadap hasil belajar PKn kelas V di SD Negeri Bunulrejo 01 Malang.
Influences of the dead end on the flow characteristics at the exhaust manifold of a marine diesel engine
Authors: BENEK Gorkem , OZSOYSAL Osman Azmi
Published: September 2021

A 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model of an exhaust manifold with and without a dead end has been developed to investigate the impacts of its geometry on the flow structure and the pressure distribution within the manifold. The model differs from previously studied models principally for its ability to approach the realistic operating principle of an engine as the modelled exhaust valves of the investigated engine open and close according to the firing order. The experimental results of an exhaust manifold without a dead end has been used to validate the CFD model through the pressure distribution and the flow structure. The outcomes demonstrated that the developed CFD model concurred well with the experimental data. The effects of the dead end on the exhaust manifold were then investigated using the validated CFD model. The study has revealed that the addition of a dead end (i) provides a smoother pressure distribution inside the manifold and increase in the efficiency of the turbocharger and (ii) decreases the pressure inside of the interconnection pipes of cylinders while the exhaust gas discharges. Moreover, the results disclose a smoother discharge of exhaust gases leading to a more effective sweeping of the exhaust gas thorough the cylinder without causing any exhaust backpressure. Furthermore, the dead end reduces the turbulence kinetic energy at the blind end of the exhaust manifold resulting in a decrease of pressure loss within. The abovementioned findings regarding to the flow structure and the pressure distribution within the exhaust manifold improve the efficiency of the engine.
Factors influencing the performance of solar air heater (SAH) having artificial coarseness: a review
Authors: BHARADWAJ Gaurav , SHARMA Kamal , MAUSAM Kuwar
Published: September 2021

A review of studies focused on promoting the rate of heat transfer with the help of an optimum rise in friction factor, by offering a simulated irregularity to the interior surface of the absorber plate of SAH, is expressed. In this article an effort has been made to explore different coarseness configurations as used by number of researchers to boost the SAH heat transfer rate. Furthermore, different correlations developed by researchers for Nusselt number and friction factor are also presented. On the basis of these correlations, thermohydraulic performance variable was calculated and attributed for various coarseness configurations. Friction factor and Colburn factor of various coarseness configurations have also been compared and presented. This review focused on use of different coarseness configurations with different coarseness parameter and flow parameter is deeply discussed from which future researchers can easily identify that which coarseness is to be used for designing SAH duct for the better augmentation of heat transfer and friction factor. It also helps the researchers to determine the optimum value of coarseness parameter so that the SAH works efficiently and effectively.
Optimal Plan and Estimation for Bivariate Step-Stress Accelerated Life Test under Progressive Type-I Censoring
Authors: Khan Mashroor Ahmad , Chandra Navin
Published: September 2021

In this paper, a step-stress accelerated life test with two stress variables for Weibull distribution under progressive type-I censoring is considered. The stress-life relationship as a log-linear function of stress levels, and for each combination of stress levels, a cumulative exposure model is assumed. The maximum likelihood and Bayes estimates of the model parameters are obtained. The optimum test plan is developed using variance-optimality criterion, which consists in finding out the optimal stress change time by minimizing asymptotic variance of the maximum likelihood estimates of the log of the scale parameter at the design stress. The proposed study illustrated by using simulated data.
New Control Charts for a Multivariate Gamma Distribution
Authors: Torabi Hamzeh , Enami Shohreh , Niaki STA
Published: September 2021

In this study, a multivariate gamma distribution is first introduced. Then, by defining a new statistic, three control charts called the MG charts, are proposed for this distribution. The first control chart is based on the exact distribution of this statistic, the second control chart is based on the Satterthwaite approximation, and the last is based on the normal approximation. Efficiency of the proposed control charts is evaluated by average run length (ARL) criterion.
The four-parameter exponentiated Weibull model with Copula, properties and real data modeling.
Authors: Shehata Wahid , Yousof Haitham M.
Published: September 2021

A new four-parameter lifetime model is introduced and studied. The new model derives its flexibility and wide applicability from the well-known exponentiated Weibull model. Many bivariate and the multivariate type versions are derived using the Morgenstern family and Clayton copula. The new density can exhibit many important shapes with different skewness and kurtosis which can be unimodal and bimodal. The new hazard rate can be decreasing, J-shape, U-shape, constant, increasing, upside down and increasing-constant hazard rates. Various of its structural mathematical properties are derived. Graphical simulations are used in assessing the performance of the estimation method. We proved empirically the importance and flexibility of the new model in modeling various types of data such as failure times, remission times, survival times and strengths data.
A Study on Moments of Dual Generalized Order Statistics from Exponentiated Generalized Class of Distributions
Authors: Athar Haseeb , Yousef F. Alharbi  , Fawzy Mohamad A.
Published: September 2021

In this paper, relations between moments of dual generalized order statistics from an exponentiated generalized class of distributions, given by Cardeiro (2013) are studied.  Some particular cases of dual generalized order statistics and examples based on it are discussed. The characterization of given distribution based on moment properties is also presented.
A competing risks cure frailty model: An application to relapse-free survival of breast cancer patients
Authors: Ghavami Vahid , Mahmoudi Mahmood , Rahimi Foroushani Abbas , Baghishani Hossein , Yaseri Mehdi , Homaei Shandiz Fatemeh
Published: September 2021

In competing risks cure models, if there is unobserved heterogeneity among susceptible patients, application of the methods that do not consider this heterogeneity, may lead to invalid results. Therefore, this study aimed to introduce a model to cover the above properties of survival studies. We introduced a unified model by combining a parametric mixture cure gamma frailty model and vertical modeling of competing risks. We obtained estimates of parameters by an iterative method and Laplace transform technique. Then, we calculated the cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) and related confidence bounds by using a bootstrap approach. We conducted an extensive simulation study to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. The results of the simulation study showed the superior performance of our proposed competing risks cure frailty model. Finally, we applied the proposed method to analyze a real dataset of breast cancer patients.
Reliability Analysis of Two Unit Standby Model with Controlled and Uncontrolled Failure of Unit and Replacement Facility Available in the System
Authors: Bashir Nafeesa , JPS Joorel  , Jan T R
Published: September 2021

Planning a highly reliable and efficient system has always been a primary interest for reliability engineers by devising the powerful design strategy and employing effective repair and replacement policy. Keeping in view this, the basic aim of this paper is to analyze the reliability of a system which comprised of two units A and B in which unit A is functional and B is held standby. Unit A after failure may be controlled or uncontrolled. The failed unit undergoes for repair in the controlled unit. If the repair of a unit is not controlled then it is replaced by a new one.  Upon the breakdown of operational unit A, unit B come becomes active instantaneously. Unit B after failure is repaired by regular repairmen. System failure takes place when both the units quit serving. The unit serves as good as a fresh after preventive repair and replacement policy. The regenerative point technique has been used to obtain the expression for several reliability measures. Finally, the graphical behavior of MTSF and profit of the present model has been observed for arbitrary values of parameters and costs.
Marshall-Olkin Alpha Power Rayleigh Distribution: Properties, Characterizations, Estimation and Engineering applications
Authors: Almetwally Ehab Mohamed , Afify Ahmed Z. , Hamedani G. G.
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we introduce a new there-parameter Rayleigh distribution, called the Marshall-Olkin alpha power Rayleigh (MOAPR) distribution. Some statistical properties of the MOAPR distribution are obtained. The proposed model is characterized based on truncated moments and reverse hazard function. The maximum likelihood and bootstrap estimation methods are considered to estimate the MOPAR parameters. A Monte Carlo simulation study is performed to compare the maximum likelihood and bootstrap estimation methods. Superiority of the MOAPR distribution over some well-known distributions is illustrated by means of two real data sets.
The Type I Quasi Lambert Family
Authors: Hamedani G.  G. , Korkmaz Mustafa C , Butt Nadeem Shafique , Yousof Haitham  M.
Published: September 2021

A new G family of probability distributions called the type I quasi Lambert family is defined and applied for modeling real lifetime data. Some new bivariate type G families using "Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern copula", "modified Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern copula", "Clayton copula" and "Renyi's entropy copula" are derived. Three characterizations of the new family are presented. Some of its statistical properties are derived and studied. The maximum likelihood estimation, maximum product spacing estimation, least squares estimation, Anderson-Darling estimation and Cramer-von Mises estimation methods are used for estimating the unknown parameters. Graphical assessments under the five different estimation methods are introduced. Based on these assessments, all estimation methods perform well. Finally, an application to illustrate the importance and flexibility of the new family is proposed.
Assessing the Lifetime Performance Index of Burr Type III Distribution under Progressive Type II Censoring
Authors: Hassan Amal , Assar Salwa , Selmy Amany
Published: September 2021

Process capability analysis has been widely applied in the ﬁeld of quality control to monitor the performance of industrial processes. Hence, lifetime performance index CL is used to measure the potential and performance of a process. In the present study, we construct a maximum likelihood estimator of CL under Burr Type III distribution based on the progressive Type II censored sample. The maximum likelihood estimator of CL is then utilized to develop the hypothesis testing procedure in the condition of known L. Finally, one practical example and Monte Carlo simulation are given to assess the behavior of the lifetime performance index under given significance level.
Efficient Model Selection for Moisture Ratio Removal of Seaweed Using Hybrid Of Sparse And Robust Regression Analysis
Authors: Javaid Anam , Ismail Mohd. Tahir , M.K.M. Ali
Published: September 2021

The Internet of things ((IoT) consisted of physical devices networks such as sensors, home appliances, electronics, and software’s. It enables us to collect and exchange data in several fields. After data collection from IoT, variable selection is considered a major problem because many variables are involved in real life datasets. The current study focused on large data analysis of the problem of model selection, including interaction terms. The dataset used in this study is taken from solar drier with moisture ratio removal (%) as dependent variable while ambient temperature, chamber temperature, collector temperature, chamber relative humidity, ambient relative humidity, and solar radiation as independent variables. LASSO with Huber M, LASSO with Hampel M and LASSO with Bisquare M are proposed in this study. Comparison of proposed techniques are made with ridge regression and OLS (ordinary least square) after multicollinearity test and coefficient test. MAPE (mean absolute percentage error) is calculated for the efficient selected model to forecast. As a result, the model using LASSO with Bisquare-M provides a minimum MAPE value for the best efficient model. Thus, the resulting model with the selected variables can be used to predict Moisture Ratio Removal (%) to determine seaweed drying behavior.
On shrinkage estimators improving the James-Stein estimator under balanced loss function
Authors: Hamdaoui Abdenour , Terbeche Mekki , Benkhaled Abdelkader
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we are interested in estimating a multivariate normal mean under the balanced loss function using the shrinkage estimators deduced from the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE). First, we consider a class of estimators containing the James-Stein estimator, we then show that any estimator of this class dominates the MLE, consequently it is minimax. Secondly, we deal with shrinkage estimators which are not only minimax but also dominate the James- Stein estimator.
Bayesian inference for Rayleigh Pareto distribution under progressively type-II right censored data
Authors: Chadli Assia , Kermoune Sara
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we consider inference problems including estimation for a Rayleigh Pareto (RP) distribution under progressively type-II right censored data. We use two approaches, the classical maximum likelihood approach and the Bayesian approach for estimating the distribution parameters and the reliability characteristics. Bayes estimators and corresponding posterior risks (PR) have been derived using different loss functions (symmetric and asymmetric). The estimators cannot be obtained explicitly, so we use the method of Monte Carlo. Finally, we use the integrated mean square error (IMSE) and the Pitman closeness criterion to compare the results of the two methods.
Different Distributional Errors-in-Circular-Variables Models
Authors: Abuzaid ALi Hassan , Alshqaq Shokrya , Elkhazendar Marawan , Elburai Maryam
Published: September 2021

The modeling of functional relationship between circular variables is gaining an increasing interest. Existing models assume the errors have same distributions, but the case of different distributional errors is yet as investigated. This paper considers the modeling of functional relationship for circular variables with different distributional errors. Two functional relationship models are proposed by assuming a combination of von Mises and wrapped Cauchy errors, with a distinction between known and unknown ratio of error concentrations.

Parameters of the proposed models are estimated using the maximum likelihood method based on numerical iterative procedures. The properties of parameters' estimators are investigated via an extensive simulation study. Results show a direct relationship between the performance of parameters estimates and the sample size, and the concentration parameters.

For illustration, the proposed models are applied on wind directions data in two main cities in the Gaza Strip, Palestine.
Monoclonal antibodies in COVID-19 management: a scoping review
Authors: Adaikkalavan Umayal , Cherumanalil Jeeja Mathummal , Pannikkottuthodi Salwa , Poovancheri Hasna
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared as pandemic on March 11th 2020 by the world health organization (WHO). Vaccination is for preventing COVID-19 morbidity but when people are infected, treatment is required and even after one and half years the effective cure is yet to be discovered. In this context monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are promising innovative therapeutic agents in controlling COVID-19 infection. Researchers have found more than 50 mAbs against COVID-19 and they are at different stages of development.  Scientists are pacing the research on mAbs. mAbs are innovative therapeutic agents in this context a scoping narrative review was done. At present we have evidences from numerous randomized controlled trials (RCT) on mAbs in effective control of respiratory and coagulation related complications due to COVID-19 infection. Many have got emergency use approval and few of which were withdrawn due to absence of enough evidences or adverse reactions. Examples are bamlanivimab, etesevimab, casirivimab and imdevimab. Other than these many investigational (mAbs) are under scrutiny. With the current evidences the article will give an insight to new and repurposed mAbs which are still under investigation in the management of COVID-19 infections.
Factors influencing upward referral system of patients in Nairobi County
Authors: Wanja Tenambergen , Njoroge Kezia , Osoro Epony N.
Published: September 2021

Background: The referral system forms main health systems coordinating a mechanism ensuring the harmonious movement of patients between different levels of health care institutions for effective and efficient service delivery. The study aimed at establishing the determinants of upward referral system of patients in Nairobi County. Methods: Cross-Sectional data collected from 204 respondents from 2May to 30June, 2021, through a structured questionnaire from level 3-5 public facilities in Nairobi County was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Doctors, nurses and clinical officers who have referred patients in the previous three months were included while those who had not were excluded.Results: Bivariate analysis results revealed that knowledge of referral system (r=179*, p=0.011) and complexity of patient disease (r=097, p=0.170) had positive and significant correlation with upward referral system. Multivariate analysis results showed that proximity to the referral health facility had positive and statistical significant (β4=0.640, p<0.002) to upward referral system.Conclusions: The results revealed that although healthcare workers know about the referral strategy, they lack full comprehension of the referral strategy. Patients are mostly referred when higher diagnostic equipment are needed and when the medical conditions are dire. The study recommends professional medical education to equip the human resources for health with the requisite knowledge on the referral system and establishment of effective communication systems between the lower levels health facilities and the higher or specialized facilities to ensure there a smooth referral system in Nairobi County.
Observational case studies of the effect of phage laden Ganga water on psoriasis
Authors: Jhunjhunwala Bharat , Waghralkar Ranjana
Published: September 2021

Water of Ganga river is reported to have more than 200 isolates of phages. This study has used the naturally available cocktail of phages in the Ganga water as a treatment for chronic Psoriasis. In the conventional Phage Therapy (PT) phages that are active against specific bacteria are first identified; then isolated, multiplied and administered to the patient. We have made a novel innovation of administering the naturally available cocktail of phages in the water of the Ganga river without first identifying the target bacteria and isolating specific phages that may be active against them. In doing so, we enable the large numbers of phages to self-identify the bacteria that are present and act against them. This approach shortcuts the tortuous process of conventional PT. Further, the phages act against a number of bacteria simultaneously and provide good results in psoriasis which has multiple causes.

Patients who took Ganga water for only 2 weeks showed benefit but the benefit did not sustain after stoppage of the treatment and the disease relapsed to the pre-treatment levels. The same patients showed sustained benefit after they took Ganga water for four weeks. Conclusion is that Ganga water can be used for therapeutic purposes as long as the treatment is continued for at least four weeks. The study underscores the need to establish more robust protocol for treatment of dermatological and possibly other diseases with the cocktail of phages available in the waters of the Ganga river.
The impact of superficial dermatophytosis on quality of life: A cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Dilip N R Kumar , Laxmi Horatti
Published: September 2021

: The Indian dermatologists are witnessing an epidemic of sorts when it comes to superficial dermatophytosis cases in the last decade. At the receiving end of this epidemic are the patients who are suffering due to impaired quality of life. We tried to assess the impact of tinea on quality of life (QoL) of the patients.

: To assess the impact of superficial dermatosis on quality of life using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire.

: Cross-sectional, Observational study.

: All patients between the age group of 18 to 70 years presenting with superficial dermatophytosis of more than 3 weeks duration were included after confirming the diagnosis with KOH mount. The patients filled in the DLQI after which scores were calculated and the effect on QoL was assessed.

: Out of the 170 patients included in the study, majority of them (77, 45.3%) felt that tinea had a very large effect on their QoL and a very few patients (7, 4.1%) felt that tinea had a small effect on their QoL. Out of the 36 (21.2%) patients who felt that their condition had an extremely large effect on their QoL, majority of the patients had tinea corporis et cruris et faciei.

: Superficial dermatophytosis has a very large effect on the Quality of Life of the patients and it impacts their lives adversely leading to psychological, social and financial problems.
Clinico-epidemiological study and microbiological correlation of tinea incognito at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: K Monisha , Kumar V Jagannath
Published: September 2021

Tinea incognito also known as steroid-modified tinea are dermatophytic infections modified by the use of topical or systemic corticosteroids. Dermatophytic infection being very common and very simple to diagnose, is a diagnostic dilemma due to steroid abuse. Hence making a simple curable infection into a chronic persistent dermatological condition. As a treating doctor it’s important to recognize and educate the patients regarding the tinea infections and steroid abuse.

To study the various morphological presentations, epidemiology and etiological agent of tinea incognito.

An observational study was performed with 100 cases from 2017 to 2019 in the department of Dermatology & Venerology, SS Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Davangere, Karnataka, India. The baseline data, thorough general physical, local, and systemic examination were done with reference to clinical features of tinea incognito. Skin scraping were collected and subjected to potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation. The part of the sample was inoculated into Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA) media for fungal culture. Later the fungus was identified by standard techniques.

The mean age of study population was 32.83 years. The males outnumbered females in our study. Almost 29% cases remain asymptomatic followed by 34% itching and 37% burning sensation. The source of drug responsible for tinea incognito were highly suggested by friends (29%) with the combination use of drugs account for 35% of study population. 77% cases showed erythema followed by 48% of hypopigmentation. The scraping of lesion showed positive KOH mount in 71% and T.mentagrophytes were the most common dermatophyte grown in SDA medium.

Misuse of steroid formulations in dermatophytic infections may lead to adverse effect as well as chronicity. Awareness of this problem is needed for prevention of steroid modified dermatophytosis, which is a rising menace.
A comparative study of topical retinoids tretinoin-0.04% and adapalene - 0.1% in acne grade 1 and grade 2
Authors: Sudha Selva , Pandi Vella
Published: September 2021

Acne is a chronic, self-limiting inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous unit. It is multifactorial, of which Propioniobacterium acne and Sebum play an important role in etiopathogenesis.

The aim of the study is to compare efficacy of Tretinoin and Adapalene in Acne Vulgaris and to compare the side effects of topical tretinoin and adapalene.

Randomized prospective comparative clinical trial with sample size of 50 patients who are recruited from department of dermatology of MMCH&RI.

Adapalene 0. 1% produced numerically greater lesion reduction than tretinoin 0. 04% for all lesion types. Thus, Adapalene was found superior to Tretinoin in reducing average number of lesions. Highest reduction in number of lesions with both topical retinoids was for comedones (p< 0. 001) followed by papules (p<0. 00) and pustule (p= 0.001).

In Patients who applied adapalene, most of them were reduced to grade 0 and grade I and only few were in grade II. Whereas in patients who applied tretinoin only few were reduced to grade 0 and many were in grade I and grade II. Side effects were more commonly seen in patient treated with topical Tretinoin than with topical Adapalene. Adapalene was better tolerated than tretinoin. Hence adapalene is a safe and effective in treatment of acne.
Knowledge, attitude and behaviour study of vitiligo among general population
Authors: Sangaiah Sivaramakrishnan , Ashok Kumar N , N Abhinesh , G Sukanya
Published: September 2021

Vitiligo is an acquired skin disorder caused due to destruction of melanocytes which clinically presents with well defined depigmented macules and patches with or without white hairs. The present study is an attempt to document the prevalent knowledge and attitude in the general public regarding this disease and to identify the determinants of good/poor knowledge and attitude.

 To assess Knowledge, attitude and behaviour study of vitiligo among general population attending skin outpatient department (OPD) of Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai.

 This was a cross sectional study, which was conducted at dermatology OPD in Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai 2021 after ethical committee approval. About 80 patients attending OPD were included in study to whom questionnaire was asked and data was collected and analysed.