bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maltraitance et vulnérabilité
Authors: Boullard Coline
Published: December 2022

Existe-t-il une articulation entre les notions de maltraitance et de vulnérabilité, et si oui, sous quelle forme ? En quoi une approche sociojuridique de la vulnérabilité permet-elle d’éclairer, de mieux appréhender les phénomènes de maltraitance ? En France, ces questions ont été mises en débat au sein de la démarche de consensus pour l’élaboration d’un vocabulaire partagé de la maltraitance, pilotée de 2019 à 2021 par la Commission nationale de lutte contre la maltraitance et de promotion de la bientraitance. Ce vocabulaire, composé d’une définition de la maltraitance, d’un lexique associé et d’une caractérisation des situations de maltraitance possibles, est transversal aux publics mineurs et majeurs. Il met en exergue les facteurs à la fois individuels (l’âge ou le handicap par exemple) et contextuels (une relation déséquilibrée, un environnement violent, etc.) de la vulnérabilité. Cette réflexion conduit à un changement de paradigme important en parlant non plus de catégories de publics dits vulnérables mais de personnes en situation de vulnérabilité. Ainsi, le vocabulaire partagé souligne une forme de réciprocité entre la maltraitance et la vulnérabilité. Si la vulnérabilité apparaît comme un facteur de risque et d’exposition aux maltraitances, ces dernières peuvent être considérées quant à elles comme des phénomènes qui vulnérabilisent. Penser toute la complexité d’une telle articulation conduit aussi et enfin à penser la politique de prévention et de lutte contre la maltraitance comme transversale et systémique : elle est tout à la fois protectrice, réparatrice, préventive, inclusive et participative.
Dans le dédale d’une pandémie : la parole comme choix encore possible
Authors: Bachelet Claire , Broché Pascale
Published: December 2022

La liberté individuelle était-elle soluble à l’heure du Covid ? Tel est le postulat de départ que pose Respect Seniors dans cet article. Au travers d’un récit retraçant les premiers moments de sidération de l’Agence wallonne de lutte contre la maltraitance des aînés, face aux témoignages de privation de liberté durant la pandémie jusqu’à la mise en œuvre de pratiques innovantes visant à restituer la parole aux aînés et à la faire entendre haut et fort, Respect Seniors souhaite démontrer comment une démarche réflexive et profondément éthique a enrichi sa pratique en élevant la parole comme choix ultime encore possible, en portant un regard critique sur la frontière ténue entre maltraitance et bientraitance, et en interrogeant les valeurs d’une société qui se veut inclusive envers les aînés, et qui les a pourtant oubliés.
Prolétaires ou marginaux ?
Authors: Gaume Pierre
Published: December 2022

Instruments essentiels du maintien de l’ordre au xix e  siècle, les délits de vagabondage et de mendicité justifièrent l’arrestation de nombreux individus a priori sans ressources. Invitant à nuancer l’image de marginalité associée aux mendiants et aux vagabonds, cet article propose une sociologie des populations et des comportements incriminés à partir d’un corpus de dossiers judiciaires et administratifs. Ces dossiers éclairent d’abord l’intensité des mobilités géographiques et professionnelles parmi les ouvriers et les travailleurs peu qualifiés, ainsi que l’insécurité économique dont elles s’accompagnaient. Ils disent aussi la fragilité du groupe familial, qui n’offrait qu’une protection incertaine contre les situations de vulnérabilité auxquelles beaucoup étaient exposés. En définitive, vagabondage et mendicité permettent donc d’appréhender les conditions d’existence de toute une frange des classes populaires, entre polyactivité précaire et « culture de la débrouille ».
Vernacular Texts for Schizophrenic Selves: Language Ideologies and Language Activism in Contemporary Urban Morocco
Authors: Gee Hickman Kristin
Published: December 2022

À partir des années 2000, le Maroc a connu une vague de publications écrites dans une langue prétendument orale : l’arabe marocain ( dārija ). Cet article examine l’idéologie linguistique qui sous-tendait ces textes en se concentrant sur les militants linguistiques qui les ont produits. À travers une analyse de leur rhétorique, je montre comment les militants ont construit discursivement les Marocains comme des « schizophrènes linguistiques » souffrant d’une méconnaissance fondamentale de l’arabe standard ( fuṣḥā ) comme « langue maternelle ». Dans ce contexte, les militants considéraient les textes en dārija , la « vraie langue maternelle » des Marocains, comme des remèdes ayant le pouvoir de réveiller les Marocains à leurs contradictions linguistiques – et aux contradictions sociétales.
Problématiques juridiques posées par le Big Data et les outils institutionnels de la recherche en santé
Authors: Morlet-Haïdara Lydia
Published: December 2022

L’objectif de cet article est de rendre compte des différentes questions juridiques soulevées par l’utilisation du Big Data dans le domaine de la santé. Il s’agira, d’une part, de préciser le contexte dans lequel le Big Data s’est développé, en tentant de définir le concept, de décrire les différentes pratiques mises en œuvre et d’encadrer juridiquement l’utilisation des données de santé et, d’autre part, de présenter la structuration institutionnelle de différentes bases de données françaises basées sur le Système national des données de santé, ainsi que les ambitions et les difficultés posées par la création récente de la plate-forme nationale des données de santé, dite Health Data Hub.
Allocation aux adultes handicapés : pathologies et recours aux soins des bénéficiaires en 2017
Authors: Verboux Dorian , Thomas Martine , Colinot Nadine , Espagnacq Maude , Pichetti Sylvain , Chevalier Sophie , Landais Cécile , Fouard Annie , Gastaldi-Menager Christelle , Rachas Antoine
Published: December 2022

Objectif : Décrire les pathologies et les recours aux soins des bénéficiaires du régime général via l’allocation adulte handicapé (AAH) comparativement à la population générale. Méthode : La cartographie des pathologies et des dépenses permet l’identification de 58 pathologies et traitements chroniques dans le Système national des données de santé (SNDS), grâce aux codes CIM-10 des affections de longue durée, des hospitalisations, des médicaments ou actes médicaux spécifiques, parmi l’ensemble des bénéficiaires du régime général de 20 à 64 ans avec des soins remboursés (> 1 €) en 2017. Les prévalences et les taux annuels de recours aux soins, parmi tous les bénéficiaires du régime général via l’AAH et dans le reste de la population, sont standardisés et décrits. Résultats : Parmi les 793 934 (2,5 % de la population) personnes bénéficiaires de l’AAH, toutes les pathologies étudiées étaient plus fréquentes que chez les non-bénéficiaires de la prestation, 44 % ayant des pathologies psychiatriques ( vs 3,2 %), 14 % une pathologie neurologique ( vs 1 %). Les bénéficiaires de l’AAH avaient plus souvent recours aux soins notamment hospitaliers (63 % vs 40 %), mais moins recours aux soins de spécialistes (63 % vs 68 %) et dentaires (37 % vs 45 %). Conclusion : Les bénéficiaires du régime général via l’AAH étaient principalement des pathologies psychiatriques et neurologiques, mais les autres pathologies étaient également bien plus fréquentes que dans la population générale. Les moindres recours aux soins dentaires et de spécialistes étaient probablement liés à un défaut d’accès aux soins, potentiellement causé par l’absence de prise en charge complète du ticket modérateur.
Accompagnement à la parentalité en Protection maternelle et infantile : co-construction de la logique d’intervention PERL
Authors: Decroix Charlotte , Buchheit Sophie , Colombo Marie-Christine , Ligier Fabienne , Kabuth Bernard , Kivits Joëlle
Published: December 2022

Introduction : En région Grand Est (France), une intervention de prévention primaire en périnatalité a montré des résultats encourageants sur le développement de l’enfant. Afin de rendre cette intervention transférable et pérenne hors d’un contexte de recherche, elle a été adaptée dans une politique de santé familiale universelle et évaluée par la recherche « Petite enfance, recherche-action en Lorraine » (PERL). Méthode : L’objectif de l’article est d’exposer la logique d’intervention de PERL, explicitée par l’évaluation des processus et mécanismes (2018-2019). Ancrée dans une démarche de co-construction, la méthode s’est structurée autour de 18 entretiens suivis d’un processus de concertation auprès des acteurs–chercheurs–décideurs impliqués. Résultats : Porté par les services de protections maternelle et infantile (PMI), PERL s’articule autour de visites au domicile de puéricultrices, d’analyses des pratiques et de supervisions. À l’inverse d’une tendance à la normalisation, l’approche reconnaît le parent comme expert de son enfant et propose un accompagnement le soutenant dans son rôle. L’importance des supervisions, pour soutenir les puéricultrices confrontées à des situations complexes, constitue une des pierres angulaires du dispositif. Discussion : PERL est un programme structuré et non standardisé d’accompagnement à la parentalité, impliquant des concepts forts de « promotion de la santé ». Cette évaluation met en avant l’importance de bénéficier d’une vision partagée de la logique d’une intervention ainsi que les défis sous-jacents. Dans la perspective du déploiement et du transfert de PERL il sera nécessaire d’adapter le dispositif aux contextes et aux territoires. Pour cela, un guide de mise en œuvre a été réalisé.
Harnack inequality for a p-Laplacian equation with a source reaction term involving the product of the function and its gradient
Authors: Chen Bo , Xie Junhui
Published: December 2022

A p-Laplacian type problem with a source reaction term involving the product of the function and its gradient is considered in this paper. A Harnack inequality is proved, and the main idea is based on de Giorgi-Nash-Moser iteration and Moser's iteration technique. As a consequence, $ H\ddot{o}lder $ continuity and boundness for the solution of this problem also are obtained.
Unsupervised domain adaptation through transferring both the source-knowledge and target-relatedness simultaneously
Authors: Tian Qing , Zhu Yanan , Cheng Yao , Ma Chuang , Cao Meng
Published: December 2022

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) is an emerging research topic in the field of machine learning and pattern recognition, which aims to help the learning of unlabeled target domain by transferring knowledge from the source domain. To perform UDA, a variety of methods have been proposed, most of which concentrate on the scenario of single source and the single target domain (1S1T). However, in real applications, usually single source domain with multiple target domains are involved (1SmT), which cannot be handled directly by those 1S1T models. Unfortunately, although a few related works on 1SmT UDA have been proposed, nearly none of them model the source domain knowledge and leverage the target-relatedness jointly. To overcome these shortcomings, we herein propose a more general 1SmT UDA model through transferring both the source-knowledge and target-relatedness, UDA-SKTR for short. In this way, not only the supervision knowledge from the source domain but also the potential relatedness among the target domains are simultaneously modeled for exploitation in the process of 1SmT UDA. In addition, we construct an alternating optimization algorithm to solve the variables of the proposed model with a convergence guarantee. Finally, through extensive experiments on both benchmark and real datasets, we validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
A new modified iterative scheme for finding common fixed points in Banach spaces: application in variational inequality problems
Authors: Rezapour Shahram , Iqbal Maryam , Batool Afshan , Etemad Sina , Botmart Thongchai
Published: December 2022

This paper reports a modified F-iterative process for finding the fixed points of three generalized $ \alpha $-nonexpansive mappings. We assume certain assumptions to establish the weak and strong convergence of the scheme in the context of a Banach space. We suggest a numerical example of generalized $ \alpha $-nonexpansive mappings which exceeds, properly, the category of functions furnished with a condition (C). After that, we show that our modified F-iterative scheme of this example converges to a common fixed point of three generalized $ \alpha $-nonexpansive mappings. As an application of our main findings, we suggest a new projection-type iterative scheme to solve variational inequality problems in the setting of generalized $ \alpha $-nonexpansive mappings. The main finding of the paper is new and extends many known results of the literature.
Estimating the time-dependent effective reproduction number and vaccination rate for COVID-19 in the USA and India
Authors: Bugalia Sarita , Tripathi Jai Prakash , Wang Hao
Published: December 2022

The effective reproduction number, $ R_t $, is a vital epidemic parameter utilized to judge whether an epidemic is shrinking, growing, or holding steady. The main goal of this paper is to estimate the combined $ R_t $ and time-dependent vaccination rate for COVID-19 in the USA and India after the vaccination campaign started. Accounting for the impact of vaccination into a discrete-time stochastic augmented SVEIR (Susceptible-Vaccinated-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered) model, we estimate the time-dependent effective reproduction number $ (R_t) $ and vaccination rate $ (\xi_t) $ for COVID-19 by using a low pass filter and the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) approach for the period February 15, 2021 to August 22, 2022 in India and December 13, 2020 to August 16, 2022 in the USA. The estimated $ R_t $ and $ \xi_t $ show spikes and serrations with the data. Our forecasting scenario represents the situation by December 31, 2022 that the new daily cases and deaths are decreasing for the USA and India. We also noticed that for the current vaccination rate, $ R_t $ would remain greater than one by December 31, 2022. Our results are beneficial for the policymakers to track the status of the effective reproduction number, whether it is greater or less than one. As restrictions in these countries ease, it is still important to maintain safety and preventive measures.
Bell Inequalities, Entanglement, and Quantum Information
Authors: BAE Joonwoo
Published: December 2022

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 jointly to Alain Aspect, John Clauser, and Anton Zeilinger for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science. The present article provides a brief overview on the significance of their contributions and practical quantum information applications of Bell inequalities and entanglement.
Bell’s Theorem, and Beyond
Authors: RYU Junghee
Published: December 2022

The inconsistency of local hidden variables with quantum physics fascinates many physicists. Even though Bell’s theorem was studied mostly in terms of statistical inequalities, Greenberger, Horne, and Zeilinger derived all-versus-nothing test for multiqubit system, which is more striking contradiction without inequalities. This article briefly introduces Anton Zeilinger’s journey toward the Bell’s theorem.
Al-Mušriq fī ḥulà l-Mašriq de Ibn Saʿīd al-Maġribī: un manuscrito por investigar
Authors: Santás Iria
Published: December 2022

Hasta el momento, la obra más conocida e importante del prolífico autor andalusí Ibn Saʿīd al-Maġribī (m. 685/1286) era su antología al-Muġrib fī ḥulà l-Maġrib (Lo extraordinario acerca de las joyas del Occidente). Sin embargo, igual en importancia debió de ser su homóloga oriental, al-Mušriq fī ḥulà l-Mašriq (Lo extraordinario acerca de las joyas del Oriente), obra de la que, por el contrario, se conoce muy poco. El propósito de este artículo es dar a conocer esta obra de Ibn Saʿīd, dedicada a Oriente, así como el estudio preliminar de dos manuscritos inéditos del Mušriq, preservados en El Cairo. En él se tratan aspectos relativos a la composición de la obra, su autoría, su estructura y fuentes, y se ofrece una breve descripción de las principales características de ambos manuscritos junto con la información más relevante que contienen.
How Do We Differ When We Differ In Taste?
Authors: Pallies Daniel
Published: December 2022

My partner loves the experiences she gets from eating olives. I, on the other hand, hate the experiences I get from eating olives. We differ in tastes. But how exactly do we differ? In particular: do our taste experiences differ phenomenologically—do my olive-experiences feel different than my partner’s olive-experiences? Some philosophers have assumed that the answer is “no,” and have advanced important arguments which turn on this assumption. I argue that, contrary to what these philosophers assume, ordinary taste differences do involve differences in phenomenology. My olive-experiences feel different than my partner’s olive-experiences. I argue for this phenomenal thesis in stages. First, I argue that there is a link between our attitudes and our pleasures; second, I argue that there is a link between our pleasures and our phenomenology. Together, my conclusions link our attitudes and phenomenology in a way that vindicates the phenomenal thesis. Along the way, I fend off various worries about what the phenomenal thesis might entail. I show that it does not entail any form of radical subjectivism, nor does it entail that there is a “distinctive feeling of pleasure.” I close by considering how opponents of the phenomenal thesis might retreat to a weaker thesis: one which concerns extraordinary taste differences, as opposed to ordinary taste differences. I argue that there are no obviously sound arguments for even this weaker thesis, which should make us all the more confident in the phenomenal thesis.
Literary Racial Impersonation
Authors: Shim Joy
Published: December 2022

Literary racial impersonation occurs when a narrative work fails to express the perspective of a minority ethnic or racial group. Interestingly, even when these works express moral themes congenial to promoting empathetic responses towards these groups, they can be met with public outrage if the group’s perspective is portrayed inaccurately. My goal in this paper is to vindicate the intuition that failure to express the perspective of a minority group well renders the work defective, both aesthetically and morally. I argue that available frameworks exploring the connections between aesthetic and moral realms of value are inadequate to analyzing this phenomenon and propose a novel connection between aesthetic and moral values. Specifically, I demonstrate that the primary defect of literary racial impersonation is aesthetic and contingently constitutes a moral defect in our current social context.
Frantz Fanon’s Decolonized Dialectics: The Primacy of the Affective Weight of the Past
Authors: MacLeod Elyse
Published: December 2022

Drawing from the critical phenomenology of Alia Al-Saji, Christina Sharpe’s notion of “the wake,” and Jan Slaby’s work on affect, this paper offers a critique of George Ciccariello-Maher’s (2017) formulation of Frantz Fanon’s decolonized dialectic. I argue that Ciccariello-Maher’s formulation, while excellent in most respects, nevertheless contains a significant lacuna. While he is correct to point out that Fanon’s critique of universal reconciliation forces his dialectical activity to remain firmly rooted in the present, by failing to fully draw out how the past always already weighs on the present, Ciccariello-Maher runs the risk of obscuring the affective weight of Fanon’s historical critique. This is problematic for the way it obscures the full range of ethical possibilities that stem from this particular affective experience—possibilities that Jan Slaby (2020: 189–95) makes clear via Christina Sharpe’s notion of “the wake.” In other words, while Ciccariello-Maher seems to frame Fanon’s recourse to infinitely deferred reconciliation as a reflection of the “ethical nihilism” (2017: 62) that characterizes the system of oppression he is responding to, a reformulation of Ciccariello-Maher’s observations with respect to affectivity re-frames this infinite deferral as an “embodied ethics of being and knowing” (Slaby 2020: 189). I will ultimately argue that this reformulation helps us understand Fanon’s parting words in Black Skin White Masks—“Oh my body, always make me a man who questions!” (Fanon 2008b: 206; 1952: 188)—as a call for the type of ethics suggested by Sharpe’s notion of “the wake” (2016).
First Steps in an Epistemology of Collective Intellectual Self-Trust
Authors: El Kassar Nadja
Published: December 2022

When one looks at the extensive literature on collectivity in philosophy, it may seem that every item in the family of collective states, traits and entities has been examined, but one crucial state has largely been left out of focus: collective intellectual self-trust. In this article I propose a novel conception of collective intellectual self-trust and explain the role of collective intellectual self-trust in groups. I start with a short overview of individual intellectual self-trust, then I introduce what kinds of groups are capable of having collective intellectual self-trust. Against this background I develop the constituents of collective intellectual self-trust. Then I turn to the differences between warranted and unwarranted collective intellectual self-trust and their function in different groups. I close by discussing an objection about the acquisition of collective intellectual self-trust. These are first steps in an epistemology of collective intellectual self-trust that aim to provide the ground for further work in this field.
The Brave New World of Tertiary Teaching
Authors: Merrick Bradley , Wilson Emily
Published: December 2022

The recent COVID pandemic illustrated a shift in both the type and ways that a range of digital technologies and learning designs have been employed in online teaching across the tertiary context. Of relevance, were the use of blended approaches that integrated online delivery (virtual) while students also attended classes in person. This chapter investigates the affordances, opportunities, and challenges that arose while two academics utilised blended synchronous learning (BSL) within a graduate arts class in Semester One, 2022. Wang's (2008) generic ICT model and the core components of pedagogy, social interaction, and technology were used to observe, interpret, and understand how two lecturers employed digital technologies in their practice. Using a collaborative self-study methodology (Samaras, 2011), via an online collaboration and regular Zoom meetings, emergent themes related to the opportunities and challenges that existed are presented, with consideration given to future adaption of BLS delivery within the tertiary teaching environment.
The Effect of the Web-Quest Inquiry Learning Model in Enhancing Critical Thinking and Motivation for Grade Eight Science Students
Authors: Abu Khurma Othman , Ali Nagla , Blaik Hourani Rida
Published: December 2022

This chapter investigates the effect of Web-Quest as a medium for teaching grade eight science in two different schools in Jordan. Quasi-experimental research was used with the research participants purposefully sampled from grade eight science students from the living organism science unit as the field of experimentation. The study encompassed an experimental group (N=36) where a Web-Quest instructional model was employed and a control group (N=35) where conventional teaching was used. The data were collected using a critical thinking test and a motivation test. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The findings show that Web-Quest deployment enhanced critical thinking skills and motivation in comparison to conventional teaching.
The Teacher Talent Pipelines
Authors: Salvador Esquibel Jesus , Darwin Taylor
Published: December 2022

Issues of recruitment and retention of highly trained teacher candidates has been a consistent issue for rural U.S. schools. Of those teacher candidates hired to work in rural settings, a disproportionate amount have been found to be underprepared for the classroom. This causes high rates of attrition, which has been directly tied to student achievement. The ability to properly train and retain teachers for rural school settings requires a closer investigation of the work being done with and by teacher preparation programs. By providing teacher candidates with place-based instruction and structured support, more novice teachers may find opportunities to succeed in rural settings. Through the process of a systematic literature review, the authors of this chapter have reviewed existing literature from three major databases to synthesize the research connected to recruiting and retention issues in teacher education during a transformative period of virtual instruction and its impacts on rural education.
Mamoty as a Manual Handling Traditional Agriculture Tool; Impact of its Form and Structure for User Experience
Authors: Perera W. P. S. G. , Dissanayake M. K.
Published: December 2022

The industrial farming labourers suffer from highly intensive manual labour efforts in Sri Lanka today, that results in low individual productivity. The form and structure of traditional tools along with indigenous knowledge possess the potential to support utility effectively. This is due to the fact that it has been a long-term practice to effectively optimize through long term use. This research focuses on how the form and structure of mamoty as a traditional manual handling agriculture tool, influences user experience in the current context. To evaluate formal properties of user experience responses through physiological and psychological aspects, narrative interviews and observation methods are used. For sampling, low country small-holder vegetable farmers from a selected grama niladhari division in Kalutara district is selected. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) is conducted to discover the relationship between independent and dependant variables. The study revealed critical parts, elements of the mamoty and their impact on concentrated user experience segments. The key elements of the form and structure of the tool, such as material, shape, and size were identified. The study revealed that elements from each part of the tool contributes to the overall experience by highlighting specific capabilities of each element.
Rehabilitation of Destitute Children and Role of Architecture: A Case Study of Chattogram, Bangladesh
Authors: Murchana Madhury
Published: December 2022

Destitution is one of the dominant subject matters in developing countries leading to varieties of concerns, a significant one being child poverty. At an early age, children of this category come across repeated exposure to unpleasant events which results in the degradation of their physical as well as psychological health. Several organizations remain engaged in the empowerment process by providing a range of facilities such as education, medical treatment, shelter, etc. to include them socially in urban settings. However, along with the provision of basic necessities, a guideline for productive rehabilitation space requires a thorough investigation of design features such as scale, proportion, texture, color, formal expressions, etc. of the built environment designed for them. Additionally, exploration of the children’s indoor and outdoor activities, growth rate analysis concerning age groups and a thorough study to assess levels of trauma become a vital necessity. Through a questionnaire and field survey, the first phase of the analysis is conducted. The next phase includes the assessment of survey data to categorize children, their needs, and their activities. With an aim of re-integrating these children into society, the research strives to explore design approaches based on functional requirements to minimize the present disorder and assure a conductive rehabilitation environment.
Editorial
Authors: Thayaparan Menaha
Published: December 2022

No abstract availabale
Diagnosis and management of intradiverticular bladder tumours: A pooled analysis of 498 cases
Authors: Katsimperis Stamatios , Tzelves Lazaros , Bellos Themistoklis , Angelopoulos Panagiotis , Tsikopoulos Ioannis , Mitsogiannis Iraklis , Papatsoris Athanasios
Published: December 2022

Objective: Intradiverticular bladder tumors (IDBT) are uncommon clinical entities. We reviewed the literature for clinical presentation, diagnosis and therapeutic options to establish recommendations for diagnostic and therapeutic management. Methods: Bibliographic research was performed using PubMed from database inception until October 15, 2022. A pooled analysis was performed of 498 patients with IDBT presented in the literature. The evaluation included patient sex, age, diagnostic methods, symptoms, localization of the tumor, tumor staging, tumor histopathology, treatment, and the presence of recurrence. To express results, descriptive statistics were used appropriately. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 64.81 years (range 49 days to 84 years). The ratio between men and women was ≈ 24:1, suggesting a male predominance (85% male, 3.6% female). The most common presenting symptom was gross hematuria (60.88%). Most of the patients had cystoscopy (56.85%) and intravenous or computed tomography urography (52.01%). Regarding tumor staging, most of the patients were diagnosed with pT1 tumors. For the histopathology of IDBT, 87.95% of the specimens were transitional cell carcinomas and in 10.84% there were concomitant CIS. Regarding the treatment, radical cystectomy was chosen in 34.34%, partial cystectomy in 26.66%, diverticulectomy in 15.95% and transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) in 16.36% of the patients.Conclusions: Most common diagnostic tool for IDBT seems to be cystoscopy followed by computerized tomography urogram. Due to the absence of muscle layer in the diverticulum and the highgrade histology of most of them at diagnosis, cystectomy is the first therapeutic choice. However, for patients that are not considered appropriate candidates or for those presenting with lowgrade and low volume tumors, TURBT is a good option.
The Discipline of Pediatric Urology: Prerogatives and Necessities
Authors: Artibani Walter , Carmignani Luca , Carrieri Giuseppe , Castagnetti Marco , Cretì Giuseppe , De Gennaro Mario , Manzoni Gianantonio , Masieri Lorenzo , Porpiglia Francesco , Scarpa Roberto M.
Published: December 2022

To the Editor, The aim of this “position paper” is to describe the discipline of Pediatric Urology with its clinical and cultural competencies, represent the reasons for legitimizing its existence, and reinforce its importance in the “scenario” of the National Italian Healthcare System. The requisites and the educational requirements were defined by both the Italian Ministry of Health with the State-Regions Conference, and the European Union [...]
Iron mining in permafrost, central Labrador-Ungava: a geographical review
Authors: Ives J D
Published: December 2022

The decision to undertake large-scale mining of iron ore in the vicinity of Schefferville was partly based upon the proving of 400 million tons of ore reserves. This essential economic consideration set in motion one of the largest commercial developments of the
Canadian northland, and it was based upon the assumption that the ore was "normal", in the sense that it was not permanently frozen. Today it is being realised that a proportion of the initial proven reserves is permanently frozen and that the cost factor in frozen areas is higher than the initial
expectation of 1954. This aspect of the economic geography of Labrador-Ungava is discussed and an outline is given of the technical problems involved in mining in permafrost. The extent of permafrost in Labrador-Ungava is obviously a vital factor in economic exploitation. Knowledge of permafrost
conditions, however, is inadequate and vague, even in the main ore-producing areas. The paper concludes with a preliminary outline of permafrost distribution in relation to the ore-producing and potential mining areas known today.
Utilisation du sol et colonisation de la région des Laurentides centrales
Authors: Clibbon P B
Published: December 2022

ln the early nineteenth century, townships were erected on the Canadian Shield north of the French-Canadian seigniories of the St. Lawrence lowlands. These townships received considerable numbers of Irish colonists, most of whom, however, soon migrated to the
towns of the lowlands. Increasing population pressure in the seigniories resulted in the settlement by French Canadians of lands abandoned by the Irish and also of large interior tracts behind the original townships. Improved land attained its maximum acreage over most of the central Laurentian
region in 1921, but since that time large acreages of marginal farmland have been abandoned or reforested. The recent influx of tourists into the region has resulted in land sale and speculation in the areas near urban centres.
Agricultural land utilization in the Dixonville - Fort Vermilion area of Alberta
Authors: Maxwell J W
Published: December 2022

The Dixonville-Fort Vermilion area of Alberta·s Peace River region contains the most northerly extensive commercial farmlands in Canada. Settlement developed here without the aid of rail transportation in the immediate vicinity, and the settlement pattern
that has emerged is formed by a series of isolated districts <liffering in ethnie character and agricultural emphasis. At present, some 30 years after the main influx, a rail line is being laid through the area. This paper describes the present land-use pattern and outlmes the part played
by microclimatic variations, distances to railhead and ethnie character as the principal causes of the existing differences in land utilization among the area's several districts.
Meteorological and glaciological observations on the Gilman Glacier, northern Ellesmere Island, 1961
Authors: Sagar R B
Published: December 2022

Results are given of climatological and glaciological observations taken during the summer of 1961 in the névé area of the Gilman Glacier, northern Ellesmere Island. Long-term records from Alert weather station indicate that the summer season was
relatively cool. Gross ablation was about 3 centimeters water equivalent at 1,660 meters above sea level and occurred almost entirely during two brief melt periods of 88 hours' duration in mid-July. The radiative-energy surplus was estimated to account for more than 85 per cent of the heat used to
reduce subsurface cold content and promote melting. Comparison of the 1961 results with those of previous years indicates that an early summer snowfall or a small negative deviation from the present temperature mean, or both, can critically affect the Gilman Glacier economy.
Postglacial marine submergence and emergence of Melville Island, N.W.T.
Authors: Henoch W E S
Published: December 2022

This paper presents some of the results of a detailed investigation of emerged features on Melville Island that was carried out during the summer of 1962. Extensive coverage of the area was made possible by aircraft support. The writer sums up previous
observations on the evidence of glaciation and, on these and his own observations, postulates a multiple glaciation. He describes postglacial emerged features and the difficulties encountered in correlating them. He discusses the significance of seven radiocarbon dates of samples collected on the
island and uses them to construct a preliminary uplift curve. This curve indicates that over the last 2,000 years uplift has been negligible and that Melville Island is near isostatic equilibrium. This comparatively early regression of postglacial sea from its coast is also corroborated by recent
permafrost research at Winter Harbour.
Association of Heat-Shock Protein Gene Polymorphisms with Disease Severity in Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Unnikrishnan L. S. , Pugazhendhi Srinivasan , Chowdhury Sudipta Dhar , Ramakrishna Balakrishnan S.
Published: December 2022

Background:

Severe acute pancreatitis is the result of a cytokine storm induced by pancreatic inflammation. Mutations in the heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene can induce excessive cytokine secretion in the context of inflammation. We undertook this study to determine whether common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HSP70 gene were associated with severe acute pancreatitis.

Methods:

One hundred and twenty-seven consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to the hospital were evaluated and followed up for clinical outcomes. DNA from venous blood was extracted, and the following SNPs were genotyped – rs1061581 (HSPA1B), rs2227956 (HSPA1 L), rs1008438 (HSPA1A), and rs1043618 (HSPA1A). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for genotyping at the first two loci, while allele-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to genotype the two latter SNPs.

Results:

None of the four hP70 gene polymorphisms that were studied showed any significant difference between acute mild and acute severe pancreatitis. However, the T allele in rs2227956 showed a trend to association with severe pancreatitis (P = 0.08), as did the TT genotype (0.09).

Conclusion:

HSP70 gene polymorphisms did not significantly associate with the severity of illness in acute pancreatitis.
Metabolically Healthy Obesity
Authors: Padmanabhan Purushothaman , Dinakaran Nagendram , Verma Somnath , Keerthana S.
Published: December 2022

Obesity is a global public health problem. Obese persons are likely to develop complications like degenerative joint diseases, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, fatty liver, cancer of esophagus and pancreas resulting in reduced life expectancy, poor quality of life and burden to economy. A subset of obese subjects does not develop metabolic abnormalities and they are described as metabolically healthy obese (MHO). This entity is a debatable one, and not well accepted. Here we review the merits and demerits of MHO. This is a narrative review and we have not applied advanced statistical procedures. The review articles by Stefan, Bluher and the cross-references are widely quoted in this article. Apart from this, we collected full-text articles from “PubMed,” and “ClinicalKey” platforms using the search term “Metabolically healthy obesity.” As evident in the literature, MHO is a significantly prevalent condition (10%–20%) with wide variation depending on the criteria used. This condition is subject to conversion to unhealthy with risk for development of cardio-metabolic abnormalities like diabetes and DL. The impact of intervention is remarkable but equivocal. MHO should not be considered a safe condition. The transit nature of MHO offers an opportunity for intervention. MHO is an eye-opener for future research.
A Perspective on Gut Health
Authors: Venkatesh Kaliaperumal , Ramadass Balamurugan
Published: December 2022

The diet, microbiota, and gut epithelium primarily determine gut health. Two fundamental physiochemical factors that regulate and coordinate the interaction between these three determinants of gut health are the redox potential (Eh) and pH. The Eh-pH coordinates determine the solubility, bioavailability, and toxicity of macronutrients and micronutrients. There is spatial heterogeneity in the redox potential, pH, and microbial composition/density both along and across the lumen of the Gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The optimal functioning of any compartment within the GI tract depends on its Eh-pH coordinates. Any abnormal deviation will likely result in pathophysiology and a shift in its resident flora to suit the altered Eh-pH state. Diet and digested products have a significant influence in regulating the local Eh-pH coordinates along with the microbiome and the mucosal secretions. This review emphasizes the importance and the need for simultaneous Eh-pH assessment of the lumen and mucosa of various compartments of GI tract in diagnosis and treatment. Since pH is a well-studied variable in the context of the gut, this minireview will focus on the relation between redox potential and gut health/disease.
Oral Health Status of Psychoactive Substance Abusers
Authors: Bhavasar Rashmi , Shah Vandana
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Among varied substance abuse, tobacco abuse is a common relapsing addiction among youth. The relationship of tobacco abuse in varying grades of dental caries (DC) is worthy of study. This study was planned with a null hypothesis, there is no difference in varying grades of DC in tobacco and related substance abusers to those of nonabusers in the population visiting institute.

Materials and Methods:

The present study comprised 270 adults, 135 participants in each group, with age ranged from 20 years to 50 years including both gender. Study group formed of smokers, tobacco abusers, smokeless tobacco abusers, gutka, betel nut, and a combination of these two, whereas the healthy, nonhabit group formed control. DC was measured using the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index. Oral hygiene was evaluated by recording a simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI).

Results:

DC was found higher in individuals with habits (mean DMFT: 4.73 ± 4.32) as compared to those of nonhabit group (mean DMFT: 3.17 ± 3.11), and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001). OHI was significantly higher in tobacco abusers than those of nonabusers (P = 0.0001). In the case of both moderate and severe caries, the duration and frequency of tobacco abuse was significantly associated with a pattern of DC (P = 0.001). As the frequency of tobacco and related substance abuse increased, caries (DMFT) also increased (r = 0.15 and P = 0.013), and it was statistically highly significant.

Conclusion:

Psychoactive substance abuse along with poor oral hygiene, in any form of smokeless or smoking form of tobacco habit, is a risk for increased caries activity, and it is higher in smokeless tobacco abusers as compared to smokers.
An Update on Sterilization and Disinfection of Endodontic Instruments
Authors: Borse Vaishnavi Satish , Pandit Varsha Sanjay , Gaikwad Ashwini A. , Handa Aishwarya N. , Jadhav Abhijit B. , Bhamare Ruchira K.
Published: December 2022

Infection control is a term used to describe the precautions, policies, and procedures undertaken in a healthcare setting in order to minimize the risk of spreading an infection. It helps prevent the transmission of disease-producing agents such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi from one patient to another, from the dental practitioner and dental staff to patients, and from patients to dental practitioner or other dental staff. Among the many aspects of infection control, sterilization and disinfection of instruments and associated appliances play a crucial role for any infection control regimen to be successful in a health-care setting. Sterilization and disinfection of instruments can be described in general as decontamination procedures for treating instruments, enabling their safe usage. Failure to adhere to recommended sterilization guidelines and protocols can lead to serious cross-infection causing a disease which could be far more incapacitating than what the patient was originally suffering from. It also increases the chances of persistence of the infection. In either case, treatment outcomes are drastically reduced, rendering the entire treatment unfruitful. Sterilization and disinfection of instruments are of particular significance in the field of endodontics due to the intrinsic nature of the various procedures involved as part of the field and the type of instruments that are used. Routine decontamination procedures are usually not effective due to the complex, intricate, and minute design of various endodontic instruments. In addition, it is very important to take into account the effect of various sterilization protocols on the material of the instrument. This review article aims to describe the various sterilization and disinfection procedures for endodontic instruments in a concise manner, taking into consideration the potential effects that the sterilization/disinfection procedure might have on the instrument to be sterilized. Hopefully, it will make it easier for clinicians to choose the most suited/appropriate sterilization and disinfection procedure for any given endodontic instrument.
EEC Syndrome
Authors: Agarwala Payel , Samaddar Krittika , Chakraborty Chitradeep , Kar Sudipta , Zahir Shabnam
Published: December 2022

Ectrodactyly–ectodermal dysplasia–cleft lip/palate (EEC) syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly. Infants affected with this syndrome experience feeding difficulties due to the presence of orofacial clefts, which in turn impedes nutrition and affects overall health. Due to the presence of oronasal communication in such infants, there is a lack of negative pressure necessary for suckling. Due to the cleft lip, these infants face trouble closing their mouths around the nipple of the mother or bottle and due to the cleft palate, the infants suffer from choking and nasal regurgitation during feeding due to the inability of the palate to separate the oral and nasal cavities. A feeding appliance is a crucial aid because it obturates the cleft and creates a platform against which the infant can press the nipple and extract milk until the cleft is surgically repaired. However, conventional feeding plates may be potentially dangerous due to the risk of accidental swallowing. Furthermore, the wire component of certain feeding appliances may cause tissue injury. KRIPA's feeding appliance incorporates an adjustable head strap and Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tube-enclosed retentive hooks which render it safer and more acceptable. This case report represents the fabrication of KRIPA's feeding appliance for a 3.5-month-old infant with EEC syndrome.
The Reality of Delirium Is Frightening, Dangerous, and Preventable
Authors: Alderman Chris
Published: December 2022

In fact, there is evidence to suggest that a sizable proportion of older people who are at substantially increased risk from the effects of medications acting in the central nervous system are indeed prescribed opioids, antipsychotics, and other drugs that may cause delirium as a side effect. In many instances, this prescription occurs in a dearth of evidence for any worthwhile benefit, and, at the same time, in full knowledge of the fact that the medications may cause harm. Even worse is that, in some cases, the older people who are given these medications are commonly affected by disorders of cognition, unable to communicate their symptoms effectively, and may have a diminished capacity to report side effects associated with the drugs. For health care practitioners who have spent time working in long-term care facilities or hospitals that provide care for older people, this phenomenon is only too well known.
Building Demand for Deprescribing Expertise: Pharmacists as Deprescribing Care Coordinators
Authors: Campbell Noll L.
Published: December 2022

A number of barriers to deprescribing exist, with knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy often highlighted by prescribers within an interrupted, siloed nature of the existing health care system. Thus, deprescribing is not likely to occur without a change in the system. Pharmacists are extremely well positioned to positively impact the deprescribing process, and particularly senior care pharmacists given familiarity with population-specific pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of medications. Similarly, our health care partners have endorsed pharmacists to not only collaborate but to drive the deprescribing trials. Therefore, no other profession is better positioned to advocate for the value of deprescribing as a core component of the pharmaceutical care process.