Potensi Produksi Nira dan Benih Aren Varietas Akel Toumuung
Authors: TENDA ELSJE T. , MAHAYU WEDA M. 
Published: October 2016

<p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRAK </span></p><p>Tanaman aren umumnya belum dibudidayakan secara baik dan kebutuhan yang paling mendesak adalah penyediaan  benih bermutu yang berasal dari pohon-pohon aren berproduksi nira tinggi. Aren Dalam Akel Toumuung yang berasal  dari Tomohon merupakan salah satu varietas aren yang telah dilepas pada tahun 2014. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengidentifikasi karakter morfologi dan mengetahui  potensi  produksi nira dan benih tanaman aren Dalam  Akel  Toumuung  sebagai  materi pengembangan aren dan bahan baku industri. Metode pengamatan yang digunakan  adalah  metode observasi dengan lokasi contoh dipilih secara purposive random sampling. Produksi nira diamati terhadap  populasi aren tipe Dalam di Desa Tara-Tara, Kayawu dan Pinaras selama 3 tahun, yaitu 2012 hingga 2014. Karakter  morfologi yang diamati meliputi karakter vegetatif, generatif dan produksi nira selama 3 tahun berturut-turut. Potensi  benih aren diestimasi melalui pengamatan jumlah mayang betina per pohon, jumlah buah per mayang kemudian  dikalikan dengan jumlah pohon induk terpilih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter vegetatif aren Dalam Akel  Toumuung memiliki keragaman rendah, sedangkan karakter generatif memiliki keragaman tinggi, yaitu karakter jumlah  mayang betina, jumlah mayang jantan, hasil nira/mayang/hari dan lama produksi nira/tandan. Rata-rata produksi nira pohon induk aren Akel Toumuung 33,57 liter per mayang per hari, rata-rata lama penyadapan per mayang 82,8 hari dengan kadar gula nira 13,6%. Produksi benih rata-rata 7.200 butir/mayang atau 57.600 butir/pohon. Biji aren Dalam Akel Toumuung memenuhi syarat secara genetik maupun fisik untuk dijadikan benih. Setiap pohon aren unggul ini dapat memproduksi benih untuk pengembangan areal seluas 144 ha dengan populasi 200 pohon/ha.</p><p>Kata kunci : Varietas, karakter vegetatif, karakter generatif, keragaman, gula aren, benih.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Production Potency of Toddy and Seeds of Akel Toumuung </strong><strong>Sugar Palm Variety</strong></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRACT </span></p><p>Sugar palm trees have not well cultivated yet and the most urgent requirement is the provision of the quality seed derived from sugar palm trees with high toddy productivity. Akel Toumuung, originated from Tomohon, was one of the  sugar palm varieties in Indonesia had been released at 2014. This study aims to identify morphological characteristic and  to evaluate the potential of toddy and seeds production from Akel Toumuung as sugar palm developing materials and  industry raw material. Observation method used purposive random sampling to select sample location. The toddy yield  observed on the Tall type of sugar palm in Tara-Tara, Kayawu and Pinaras villages for 3 years from 2012 to 2014. Morphology characteristics that had been observed were vegetative and generative included sap production for 3 year  respectively. The potency of the seeds production was calculated by total of female bunches in each tree, total of fruits in  each bunch then multiplied with total of selected mother palms. The results showed that vegetative characteristics have low diversity while some of generative characteristics have high diversity, which are: number of female inflorecense, number of male inflorecense, toddy production/bunch/day, and sap period/bunch. The average of toddy production of selected mother palms of  Akel Toumuung Tall sugar palm is 33,57 l/bunch/days with sap period 82,8 days/bunch and sugar content 13.6%. Seed production potency of the mother palm is around 7.200 seeds/bunch or 57.600 seeds/palm. Seeds of the Akel Toumuung mother palm genetically and physically complied as a high quality seed that can be used for the development of sugar palm covering 144 ha areal with 200 trees/ha number of population.</p><p>Keywords: Variety, generative character, vegetative character, diversity, palm sugar, seeds.</p>