bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ligaplants, the Next-Generation Prosthodontic Implants
Authors: Bathla Natasha , Sailo Jenny Lalmalsawmi , Kapoor Nisha , Nagpal Archana , Gupta Rajeev , Singla Ayushi
Published: March 2021

The fields of tissue engineering and regenerative dentistry have undergone significant advancements, yet its application to the field of implant dentistry is lacking. The advent of periodontal tissue engineering has not only revolutionized field of periodontology but also prosthodontics implant dentistry. Currently, the development of a periodontal ligament (PDL) attachment around the dental implants has now become an important new therapeutic tool to replace the lost teeth. The PDL houses various vital cells that are important in the dynamic relationship between the tooth and bone. Thus, ligaplants are now an available option to improve the biological performance and to prolong the life of the dental prosthesis. The present article reveals the clinical benefits of such new generation periodontio-integrated implants and reviews the relevant scientific proofs.
A Rare Case of Compound Odontoma Associated with Unerupted Mandibular Primary Canine
Authors: Ahmed Tanzeem , Kaushal Nikhil
Published: March 2021

Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. They are considered to be hamartomas rather than neoplasms and are composed of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissue. These lesions are considered benign; however, they often cause disturbances in eruption of the associated tooth. Early diagnosis and removal of an odontoma associated with a primary tooth are essential to prevent any further disturbance in the dental arch. Odontomas occur more frequently in the permanent dentition and are very rarely associated with the primary teeth. This report presents a rare case of compound odontoma associated with unerupted primary canine and its management. The adoption of a conservative surgical approach is advisable, in order to preserve the dental tissues and achieve optimal tissue healing.
Efficacy and Reliability of Various Grades of Processed Honey as a Fixative
Authors: Sah Kunal , Janardhan BJ , Srivastava Raj Kumar , Nigam Sanjay
Published: March 2021

Introduction:

Ethanol is a traditional cytofixative which is widely used for oral exfoliative cytology. Due to its limitations, a search of better, eco-friendly, and cost-effective fixative was explored. The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and reliability of 10%, 20%, and 30% processed honey as a cytofixatives, and was compared with that of 95% ethanol.

Materials and Methods:

Four oral smears were obtained from each individual (n = 80) by gently scraping the buccal mucosa. One slide was fixed in ethanol (95%) and the other in various grades of processed honey (10%, 20%, and 30%), and stained with Papanicolaou stain. Two separate pathologists who were kept in blind for the fixative used evaluated the slides based on the five parameters (cell morphology, nuclear and cytoplasmic staining, clarity, and uniformity of staining).

Results:

In the present study, it was observed that 20% of processed honey showed overall good results, followed by (95% alcohol) and (10% honey). However, poor results were observed in (30% honey). When compared, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups.

Conclusion:

The present study offers an innovative application using honey as a cytofixative. Honey in lower concentration is an excellent alternative to ethanol as a cytofixative.
Excisional Biopsy of Verrucous Carcinoma of Tongue using Diode Laser
Authors: Sharma Vikrant , Kalsi D.S. , Goyal Arushi , Singh Sanjana , Khichy Aditya , Sood Anchal
Published: March 2021

Oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) is a subtle variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma with some peculiar features. It is locally invasive growth which rarely metastasizes. Verrucous carcinoma rarely affects the tongue. Herein, we report a case of excisional biopsy of a grayish-white lesion on the left lateral surface of the tongue performed with a 940-nm diode laser, which upon histopathological examination was diagnosed as OVC.
An in vitro Study to Assess the Positional Accuracy in Multiple Implants using Different Splinting Materials in Open-Tray Impression Technique
Authors: Chaudhary Nikhil Kumar , Gulati Manisha , Pawah Salil , Tiwari Bhawana , Pathak Chetan , Bhutani Manisha
Published: March 2021

Context:

Numerous implant techniques have been suggested in the literature to obtain an accurate master cast. One of those is to splint the impression copings; however, many controversies exist in type of splinting materials used.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the positional accuracy in multiple implants using different splinting materials in open-tray impression technique.

Settings and Design:

The study design involves an in vitro study.

Materials and Methods:

An acrylic resin model of a mandibular edentulous arch was used as a reference model in which four 3.75 mm × 10 mm implant analogs were placed and sequentially numbered as 1, 2, 3, and 4 from left to right. Open tray impression copings were attached to each of them and were then splinted by three different materials and divided into three Groups as Group I, Group II, and Group III splinted with pattern resin, composite resin, and titanium wire, respectively. Five implant level impressions were made from each group and poured in Type IV dental stone. The implant analogs were transferred to the casts and inter-implant distances were compared to the reference model using the Coordinate Measuring Machine.

Statistical Analysis Used:

One-way ANOVA test was used as a test of significance.

Results:

The present study revealed that all the three splinting materials can be used for the accurate reproduction of spatial relationship. There was no significant difference between the centroids of implant analogs 1 and 2, 1 and 3, 1 and 4, 2 and 3, 3 and 4, and 2 and 4 of reference model with the master models.

Conclusion:

Clinically acceptable accuracy in transferring the position of implants to the master cast could be obtained from all the three splinting materials used. However, splinting of impression copings with titanium wire showed greatest accuracy.
Evaluation of Variation in Implant Stability Quotient at Different Time Intervals after Immediate Loading in the Posterior Mandible using Penguin Resonance Frequency Analysis System
Authors: Kaur Akaljot , Kuckreja Harinder , Kaura Sameer , Oberoi Naveen , Kaur Jaswinder , Arora Jasleen
Published: March 2021

Purpose:

The aim of this in vivo study is to compare the variation in implant stability quotient (ISQ) values of implants using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) to access the immediately loaded (within 24 h) implants at different time intervals using Penguin RFA system.

Materials and Methods:

Ten Nobel Replace Tapered RP implants were placed in posterior mandible region of patients. Patients were included in the study after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Prior to enrolling in the study, thorough information about the procedure was provided to the patients, and written consent was obtained for the same. Immediate loading was done within 24 h using tooth-colored self-cure acrylic resin. Penguin RFA System was used to measure the ISQ of dental implants. The ISQ values were recorded immediately after implant placement, after 4 weeks, after 8 weeks, and after 12 weeks.

Results:

The mean ISQ values of the immediately loaded implants at the time of placement were 82.60, after 4 weeks were 80.60, after 8 weeks were 83.70, and after 12 weeks were 87.10. There was a statistically significant difference between the ISQ values at the time of placement of implants and after 12 weeks.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that immediate loading in posterior mandible single tooth region is a safe and predictable option.
Fusion of Multiple Impacted Supernumerary Teeth with Maxillary Third Molar - A Rare Case Report
Authors: Rai Rita , Kaura Sameer , Bhardwaj Shailza , Satia Gagandeep , Budhiraja Namita
Published: March 2021

Fused supernumerary teeth are an uncommon finding. Fusion is an abnormality of tooth development. It is common in the lower anterior but rare in maxilla. Supernumerary teeth are additional teeth in normal series, occurring with a frequency of 0.3%–3.8% in population. The frequency of fusion of a permanent tooth with a supernumerary is <1% of cases and usually involves maxillary anterior teeth. Panoramic radiograph revealed a radiopaque mass in periapical region associated with maxillary third molar. The findings were suggestive of impacted supernumerary teeth. This case is an example of a rare phenomenon of fused multiple impacted supernumerary teeth in maxillary third molar area.
Differentiation of Evaluation of Reliability of Cephalometric Analysis of Cephalometrically Diagnosed Skeletal Class I Malocclusion using Readily Available Digital Imaging Software such as IMAGE J and ICY and Traditional Manual Tracing
Authors: Khan Firoz A. , Joneja Purva , Choudhary Deepak Singh , Ahmed Rizwan , Tikekar Sachin
Published: March 2021

Background:

The skeletal and soft tissue analysis of the face in total is a very important parameter of diagnosis. Readily available and non expensive imaging software are available which can be used for cephalometric analysis for hard and soft tissues of the face to make an appropriate treatment plan.

Aims:

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of linear and angular measurements between the digital software IMAGE J, ICY and manual tracing.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to compare angular and linear measurements obtained through manual and digital cephalometric tracings using IMAGE J and ICY software with lateral cephalometric radiographs.

Material and Methods:

The sample consisted of 50 lateral cephalometric radiographs. One properly trained and calibrated examiner performed the 50 manual tracing and then the same radiograph was traced digitally on a digital software. Five angular measurements SNA (Sella, nasion, A point), SNB Sella, nasion, B point), ANB (A point, nasion, B point), W angle, ULA (Upper lip angle) and three linear measurements ULT (upper lip thickness), projection of upper lip to TVL (true vertical line) & WITS appraisal were traced the conventional lateral cephalogram of 50 participants were obtained. Manual tracing was done and hard tissue landmark including the above mentioned angular and linear variables were marked. In a similar way a soft copy of the above 50 radiograph was obtained and uploaded in the digital imaging software IMAGE J and ICY.

Results:

SNA, SNB, ANB, W angle, WITS appraisal, upper lip thickness (ULT) upper lip angle, (ULA), projection of labrale superioris to TVL showed statistically significant values when measured manually and by digital software methods. Values measured by software methods had less errors.

Conclusion:

The results show statistically significant values between manual and digital tracing. The actual variation lies in identification of landmarks and their measurements. landmarks are identified better in software methods than manual methods and also there was a difference in measurements of angular and linear values of soft and hard tissue landmarks.
Mucocele in Lower Lip as a Result of Trauma
Authors: Chauhan Deepak , Thakur Seema , Verma Kalpana , Justa Ashish
Published: March 2021

Mucocele is a common salivary gland disorder that can appear on the dorsal surface of the tongue, lacrimal sac, paranasal sinuses, and oral cavity. Mucocele results in alteration of the minor salivary glands due to a mucous accumulation causing limited swelling. Two histological types of mucoceles exist, namely extravasation and retention. Lower lip is the most common site of occurrence of these lesions in the oral cavity and the most probable cause is trauma or habits of lip biting. This report presented a 6½-year-old female child patient having mucocele on the inner side of her lower lip due to fall while playing, which resulted difficulty in mastication and speech. Treatment performed was conventional surgical excision followed by removal of the minor salivary glands.
Association of X-ray Repair Cross-Complementing Group 1 Arg399gln Polymorphisms with the Susceptibility to Develop Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Tamol Chewer's Population in Assam, India
Authors: Lepcha Lhakit , Sarma Manash Pratim , Kataki Amal Chandra , Unni Bala Gopalan
Published: March 2021

Background:

Various environmental factors have been reported to play key role in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). A lesser known risk factor of oral cancer in India is the uncontrolled use of areca nut chewing. In North-East India, Areca nut, locally called as “Tamol” in Assam, is raw betel nut, lime and betel leaf without tobacco, which are more effective as compared to dried which can be the important contributing factor for OSCC.

Objectives:

The aim of the study was to detect the association between XRCC1 polymorphisms and increased risk of OSCC in tamol chewers population in Assam, India.

Methods:

50 OSCC patients, 50 tamol chewers and 50 controls were enrolled in the study. XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphisms were determined by using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

Results:

There was a significant association for XRCC1 codon 399 (Arg/Gln+Gln/Gln) (p<0.05; OR=1.909, CI= 0.8622- 4.227) with the wild type in cancer sample as compared with control sample. Similarly, the positive association for 399G/G (p<0.05; OR =2.842, CI = 0.919-8.79) genotypes with oral carcinoma and control sample. In case of tamol chewers, the AA genotype was found to be associated with 2-fold (OR- 2.25, CI= 0.709-7.14) increase risk of developing oral cancer while GA+AA genotype was associated with one and half fold (OR-1.62, CI=0.7354- 3.568) risk of developing oral cancer.

Conclusions:

Based on these results, the XRCC1399G>A genotype could be used as a useful molecular biomarker to predict genetic susceptibility in tamol chewers population and its susceptibility to develop OSCC.
Determination and evaluation of mercury concentration in fish in the São Francisco River Watershed, Brazil
Authors: Gomes Marcos Vinícius Teles , Garcia Carlos Alexandre Borges , Sato Yoshimi , Mendes Érica Araújo , Miranda Mário Olindo Tallarico de , Costa Silvânio Silvério Lopes da
Published: March 2021

The objective of this work was to evaluate the bioaccumulation of mercury in 13 species of fish with different eating habits, captured in the Três Marias Reservoir, São Francisco Basin, from March 2012 to April 2013. The results obtained showed that the species with carnivorous eating habit presented the highest average concentrations of mercury in muscle, especially Serrasalmus brandtii (pirambeba) and Pygocentrus piraya (piranha), with concentrations of 0.4147 ± 0.2744 μg g-1 and 0.17774 ± 0.2980 μg g-1, respectively. Considering the average concentrations, all the species studied showed levels of mercury below the maximum limit of 0.5 μg g-1 in non-predatory fish and 1.0 μg g-1 in predatory fish, established by the Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Taking each species into account, the minimum and maximum values of mercury in the muscular and hepatic tissues showed a wide dispersion. In 4% of the specimens of pirambeba and 7% of piranha, the contents of mercury in muscle exceeded the limit established by ANVISA for predatory fish, and therefore, were unfit for human consumption. The other species did not present muscle samples with Hg content above that established by law. Due to its carnivorous eating habit and its wide distribution in the São Francisco Basin, Serrasalmus brandtii can be considered a biomonitor, capable of bioaccumulating mercury, thus indicating the level of contamination in the aquatic environment in which it lives.
The British Rhinology Society National COVID-19 Study: Resuming Elective Surgery
Authors: Mahalingam Sridhayan , Green Richard , Slim Mohd Afiq Mohd , Alatsatianos Anton , Ramakrishnan Yujay , Stew Ben , Hopkins Claire
Published: March 2021

Background: As elective services resumed in the aftermath of the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the British Rhinology Society and Juniors Committees carried out a national prospective study in order to assess and optimise safety and efficacy of surgery. Methodology: Data from 1063 cases was collected from 111 centres in the United Kingdom (excluding Northern Ireland) within the study period (1st June – 14th August 2020), and a three week follow-up period to assess whether there were any cases of SARS-CoV-2 amongst patients and staff. Results: 89.2% of procedures took place in England. 90.6% of patients had minimal comorbidities (ASA Grade 1 or 2). 98.4% of patients were known to have a COVID negative status prior to surgery, with the majority (99.8%) investigated through Viral PCR alone. The most common form of pre-operative shielding was to self-isolate for 14 days (82.5% of cases). 32.6% of cases were performed in an alternative theatre environment, and in 5.3% the private sector was used for NHS patients. In 21.6% of procedures, unfamiliar anaesthetic teams were used, and in 19.2% unfamiliar theatre teams. There was a higher probability of unfamiliar theatre staff or anaesthetist, when operating in an alternative theatre environment. Trainees were not present in theatre in 24.2% of cases. Full PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) was worn by the operating surgeon in 64.1% of cases. No patients or staff were reported to have developed SARS-CoV-2 in the three week period following surgery. Intra-operative challenges were reported in 19.7% of cases and were primarily associated with impaired communication (8.8%) or impaired vision (6.9%). There was a higher chance of challenges reported when unfamiliar theatre teams were present. Conclusions: This data suggests that overall, the resumption of rhinological elective services has been performed safely with no cases of SARS-CoV-2 reported in patients or staff. We must consider the challenges of operating in unfamiliar environments together with surgical and/or anaesthetic teams, as well as the impact on training.
Ethanol Production from Gmelina arborea Wood Wastes by Saccharomyces cerevisiae using Submerged Fermentation
Authors: Adedayo M.R , Ajiboye A.E , Yahaya O.A
Published: March 2021

Lignocellulose wastes are the most abundant residues on the surface of the earth. This project studies the possibility of ethanol production from a forestry waste. Wood wastes from Gmelina arborea were treated with dillute sulfuric acid to break down the lignin component. Fermentation for ethanol production was done using baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 204508/S288c) for 120 hours using submerged fermentation, and the pH, reducing sugar, specific gravity and lignin content were determined using standard techniques. Ethanol concentration and yield were measured via vinometer and ethanol standard curve techniques. From the results, the highest pH was obtained at 72 hours of the fermentation period. The reducing sugar content and specific gravity decreased over the fermentation time . The acid-pretreated wood wastes gave a maximum ethanol concentration of 3.84 % and a yield of 7.60 ml/g as measured from the vinometer and ethanol standard curve methods at 72 and 96 hours of fermentation, respectively. About 13.6% v/v of ethanol was recovered from the distillation process employed to separate the components of the product generated after fermentation. The observations in this research reveal the possibility of producing ethanol from G. arborea wood wastes and under optimized culture conditions. This could serve as an alternate means of biofuel generation and hence value addition to the wastes.

Keywords: Gmelina arborea, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Ethanol, Submerged fermentation
Effects of processing on amino acids composition of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam De Wit) leaf meal
Authors: Agbo A.N
Published: March 2021

The high cost of animal protein sources has made it necessary to evaluate the use of alternative plant protein sources especially unconventional plant proteins. Leucaena leucocephala (white lead tree) is a leguminous plant, the leaves of which have the potential of being used as a plant protein source. Leucaena leaf has been analysed to have a crude protein value of 15.2-34.3%. The plant leaves were collected from the forage section of the College of Agriculture and Animal Sciences (CAAS) Mando, Kaduna. The first group of the leaves was divided into three and sun-dried for 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours respectively. The second group was further divided into three subgroups which were soaked in water for 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours then sun-dried. The two groups of the leaves were ground into leaf powder. The effects of sun-drying and soaking on amino acid composition of L. leucocephala leaves was investigated. The amino acid analysis was done by ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) using the Technicon Sequential Multisample Amino Acid Analyser (TSM) Technicon Instruments Corporation, New York. The essential amino acids detected in L. leucocephala leaf were arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and valine. Alanine, cysteine, tyrosine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, serine and proline were the non-essential amino acids detected. Sun-drying and soaking led to significant (P≤0.05) losses in the concentration of all the amino acids in the leaf samples (Sundried for 24 hours - SD1, Sundried for 48 hours - SD2, Sundried for 72 hours - SD3, soaked in water for 24 hours – SW1, soaked in water for 48 hours - SW2, soaked in water for 72 hours - SW3) when compared with the raw leaf samples (SU). Soaking caused higher reduction in the amino acid levels when compared to sun-drying in the test leaf meals which was significant at P≤0.05. The amino acid scores revealed that lysine and methionine were the limiting amino acids in L. leucocephala leaves relative to WHO/FAO/UNU standard for preschool aged children. Therefore, processed L. leucocephala leaves should be supplemented with other feed ingredients rich in these amino acids for animal feed production.

Keywords: Leucaena leucocephala leaf, sun-drying, soaking, amino acid composition.
Optimisation of alkaline pretreatment conditions of orange and plantain peels for polygalacturonase production by Aspergillus awamori CICC 2040
Authors: Adedeji O.E. , Ezekiel O.O.
Published: March 2021

This study investigated the optimisation of alkaline pretreatment of orange and plantain peels for polygalacturonase (PG) production by Aspergillus awamori CICC 2040 using response surface methodology. The factors evaluated were particle size, PS (< 0.4250, 0.4250 < PS < 0.8025 and 0.8025 < PS < 1.1800 mm), NaOH molarity (0.010, 0.055, and 0.100 M), and time (1.0, 6.5, and 12.0 h). These factors were interacted to determine the most suitable combinations for maximum polygalacturonase activity (MPA). The pretreated orange and plantain peel powders were inoculated with 106 spores/mL Aspergillus awamori CICC 2040 was incubated at 28 oC for 5 days, and crude PG was extracted and its activity determined. The alkaline pretreatment combinations that gave MPA were <0.4250 mm, 0.100 M, and 1.0 h, and 0.8025 < PS < 1.1800 mm, 0.010 M, and 1.0 h for orange and plantain peel powders, respectively. The MPA obtained from the pretreated orange and plantain peel powders were 38.46 and 38.82 U/mL, respectively. Optimised alkaline pretreatment conditions of the orange and plantain peels for MPA, produced by Aspergillus awamori CICC 2040, were established.

Keywords: Aspergillus awamori CICC 2040, Peel, Optimisation, Polygalacturonase, Pretreatment
Detection of integron genes in the plasmid DNA of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from surgical wounds of some patients in Benin City, Nigeria
Authors: Eremwanarue A.O , Shittu H.O , Igiehon E , Oijagbe E.R
Published: March 2021

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen with the capability to cause serious surgical wound infections and remains a major healthcare problem. Plasmid is an extra chromosomal material in bacterial cells and confers resistance to the cell against many antibiotics. Genetic elements such as integron are implicated in conferring multidrug resistance (MDR) to P. aeruginosa . This study aims at investigating the occurrence of integron genes (int1, int2, int3) in the plasmid DNA and their ability to cause MDR in P. aeruginosa . In total, 284 different wound swabs were collected, P. aeruginosa isolated and screened using standard laboratory methods. Antibiotics susceptibility tests were carried out using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was also carried out using P. aeruginosa plasmid DNA as a template to detect the presence/absence of the integron genes using different pairs of specific primers. The results reveal that 34 (54.8%) of the microbes isolated were P. aeruginosa . Most of the isolates showed notable resistance to antibiotics, most notably against Ceftazidime, Augmentin, Cefixime and Gentamicin . Eleven isolates harbors the plasmid DNA . PCR amplification showed that 6 (54.5%) of the P. aeruginosa isolates harbor integron class 1 genes, non harbors the integron class 2 genes while 3 (27.3%) possess the integron class 3 genes. The isolates with these genes were highly resistant to most of the antibiotics used. int1 gene was prevalent then int3.

Keywords: Antimicrobial, Wound infection, Integron, Polymerase chain reaction, Plasmid DNA
A User Identity Management System for Cybercrime Control
Authors: Alese T. , Owolafe O. , Thompson A.F. , Alese B.K.
Published: March 2021

The rapid growth in the number of online services has lead to an increasing number of different identities managed by each user that makes people feel overloaded and suffer from password fatigue. This poses a serious problem and makes people unable to control and protect their digital identities against identity theft. As organizations grow and adds services such as ecommerce and global remote access of services, controlling who is accessing what kind of information is also becoming a difficult task. This research therefore, presents the development of a user identity management system for cybercrime control. The four stages of an identity management life cycle were developed using some mathematical tools. A two-factor authentication technique was used in developing the system, the traditional username and password was also included with biometric features for robustness. A simulation was run on the model for users ranging from 10 to 1000 using life wild dataset, and accuracy was found to be 98.01%.
Vulnerability of Road Pavements to Climate Change in Abia and Imo States of Nigeria
Authors: Ibeje A.O.
Published: March 2021

Around the world today, road pavement is increasingly vulnerable and Southeast Nigeria is no exception. To this end, the Delphi technique is used in this study to ascertain experts opinions in order to identify and prioritize road pavements vulnerable to climate change in Abia and Imo states of Southeast Nigeria. As a measure of stability, standard deviation of two rounds of questionnaire responses was used to assess the level of convergence of opinions of 10-member Delphi panel. The Delphi panel achieved acceptable level of agreement at threshold values of standard deviation = 0.10 for stability and mean = 0.20 for consensus. Out of 14 federal roads considered in the study, 1 road had high vulnerability status, 5 roads had medium vulnerability status, 5 roads were rated low vulnerability and 2 roads were rated very low vulnerability. The only highly vulnerable road is from Abia state. This study has shown that the vulnerability of road pavements to climate change can be assessed comprehensively using collective and subjective judgement in the form of Delphi technique. Government should therefore apply adaptive maintenance plans that reflect the relative vulnerability rating of these roads.
Use of a circular fixator construct to facilitate closed reduction and percutaneous stabilization of a distal femoral physeal fracture in a dog
Authors: Lazarus Matthew A. , Lewis Daniel D. , Johnson Matthew D. , Porter Erin G.
Published: March 2021

Background: Fractures of the distal femoral physis are the most common physeal fracture sustained by skeletally immature dogs. Reduction and stabilization of these fractures can sometimes be achieved through closed reduction, primarily in fractures that are nominally displaced. Circular external fixator constructs have been used to assist in indirect, closed reduction of fractures at other anatomic locations in dogs and this report describes application of this method to reduce a displaced Salter-Harris type II fracture of the distal femur in a 1-year-old dog.

Case Description: A 1-year-old female spayed Akita was referred for treatment of a Salter-Harris type II fracture of the right distal femur. The epiphyseal segment was laterally and slightly caudally displaced. Multiple attempts to manually reduce the fracture during surgery were unsuccessful, so a two-ring circular external fixator construct was applied to facilitate distraction and reduction. The construct was applied by placing a medial-to-lateral Kirschner wire in both the mid-femoral diaphysis and in the distal femoral epiphysis. Distraction of the construct provided sufficient separation of the fracture segments to facilitate near anatomic reduction. The fracture was stabilized with two percutaneously placed Steinmann pins placed in Rush fashion. Radiographic union was confirmed 5 weeks after surgery. The dog was not lame and was bearing more weight on the right pelvic limb, as assessed using force plate analysis, 9 months following surgery. Goniometric measurements of stifle range of motion and thigh muscle circumference were similar between the pelvic limbs.

Conclusion: Application of a two-ring circular construct would appear to be useful to facilitate closed reduction and percutaneous stabilization of distal femoral physeal fractures.
Traktat wersalski – perspektywa cywilizacji pokoju
Authors: Raźny Anna
Published: March 2021

The Treaty of Versailles - the Vision of the Civilization of Peace

The Treaty of Versailles, the details of which were ironed out at the Paris Peace Conference, officially brought to an end World War I. The Conference represented the first international debate on the problem of peace. Twenty-seven victorious nations participated. The defeated states of Germany, Austria, Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria were not allowed to take part in the deliberations – their only role was to sign separate versions of the treaty put before them. Bolshevik Russia was also not invited to the peace conference. On March 3, 1918, the latter signed its own peace accord in Brest with Germany and Austria, Hungary and their allies - Bulgaria and Turkey - thus violating its commitments to the Entente. This was because attendance at the peace conference depended not only on the attitude of the participants to the warring central states, but also on the moral norms recognized as binding in achieving peace. The Treaty was a testament not only to the expectations of its signatories towards their defeated opponents, but also to their intellectual and ethical aspirations with regard to attaining peaceful coexistence. It established many new borders on the map of Europe and introduced a new order on the continent, one that was not only political in form, but also cultural and civilizational. Its foundations were to be built on the values of peace and justice. Therefore, there are grounds for describing the new order created on their basis as the civilization of peace.

Wypracowany na paryskiej konferencji pokojowej traktat wersalski zakończył oficjalnie I wojnę światową. Konferencja ta pierwszą międzynarodową debatą poświęconą problemom pokoju. Uczestniczyło w niej 27 zwycięskich państw oraz z nimi sprzymierzonych i stowarzyszonych. Pokonane Niemcy oraz Austria i Węgry, Turcja i Bułgaria nie zostały dopuszczone do obrad - przedstawiono im jedynie do podpisu oddzielne wersje traktatu. Na konferencję pokojową nie zaproszono również bolszewickiej Rosji, która 3 marca 1918 roku podpisała w Brześciu traktat pokojowy z Niemcami i Austrią, Węgrami oraz ich sprzymierzeńcami - Bułgarią i Turcją – łamiąc tym samym porozumienia sojusznicze Ententy. Uczestnictwo w konferencji pokojowej uwarunkowane było bowiem nie tylko stosunkiem do prowadzących wojnę państw centralnych, ale również do norm moralnych, uznanych za obowiązujące w osiąganiu pokoju. Traktat był świadectwem nie tylko oczekiwań jego sygnatariuszy wobec pokonanych przeciwników, ale również ich aspiracji intelektualnych i etycznych, ukierunkowanych na pokojowe współistnienie. Ustanowił wiele nowych granic międzypaństwowych na mapie Europy oraz zaprowadził w jej przestrzeni nowy ład, nie tylko polityczny, ale również kulturowo-cywilizacyjny. .Jego fundament stanowić miały wartości pokoju i sprawiedliwości. Istnieją zatem podstawy, aby tworzony na ich gruncie ład nazwać cywilizacją pokoju.
Austro-Węgrzy i paneuropeiści. Arystokratyczni krytycy Europy wersalskiej
Authors: Wielomski Adam
Published: March 2021

Austro-Hungarians and PanEuropeans. Aristocratic Critics of Versailles Europe There are many books and articles on the nationalist and fascist critics of Europe at the Versailles Conference, whereas there are no works in contemporary literature about conservative and aristocratic critics of this political model. The purpose of this text is to present the critics of the conservative side from the point of view of the elite of the Habsburg Empire. We have three social groups that defend the old empire: the aristocratic and cosmopolitan elites of the Austrian land-holding gentry, the Hungarian nobility and the Jews. These three groups do not understand the ideas of nation, nation-state, and nationalism. After the fall of the empire in 1918, only the Hungarian aristocracy and nobility retained their political role, running the Hungarian nation-state. Austria's traditional elite is cosmopolitan and in radical opposition to the new republic. Their political, international, supranational point of view represents the Paneuropean movement. Jest wiele książek i artykułów na temat nacjonalistycznych i faszystowskich krytyków Europy podczas Konferencji w Wersalu. We współczesnej literaturze nie ma prac o konserwatywnych i arystokratycznych krytykach tego modelu politycznego. Celem tego tekstu jest przedstawienie krytyków strony konserwatywnej z punktu widzenia elit imperium Habsburgów. Mamy trzy grupy społeczne, które bronią starego imperium: arystokratyczne i kosmopolityczne elity austriackiej szlachty ziemskiej, węgierskiej szlachty i Żydów. Te trzy grupy nie rozumieją idei narodu, państw narodowych i nacjonalizmu. Po upadku imperium w 1918 r. tylko węgierska arystokracja i szlachta zachowują swoją rolę polityczną, kierując węgierskim państwem narodowym. Austriackie tradycyjne elity są kosmopolityczne i pozostają w radykalnej opozycji do nowej republiki. Ich polityczny międzynarodowy, ponadnarodowy punkt widzenia reprezentuje ruch paneurepański.
Surprise me Softly: The Element of Surprise in Designing Museum Experiences
Authors: Jelinčić Daniela Angelina , Jelinčić Karla
Published: March 2021

Experience design has become a widely discussed topic. Museums use experience design for engaging their visitors and culture offers exceptional tools for it. Visual arts and music are particularly effective in eliciting visitors’ emotions. However, there are a number of visual and acoustic cues that influence museum visitor response behaviours. Understanding the ways in which the human brain processes information provides a basis for furthering experience design principles. This study focuses on the emotion of surprise, considered especially effective for engaging visitor attention, providing meaning and affecting memory. The methodology involved monitoring psychophysiological responses and self-reports to assess research participants’ reactions to visual/acoustic stimuli. The aim was to confirm/detect types of sensory stimuli that generate the emotion of surprise, to see if participants have similar reactions to stimuli and whether individuals’ self-reports are aligned with their psychophysiological reactions. The results showed that musical stimuli are more effective than visual arts in eliciting surprise. While the study showed no clear indications that visual cues have an effect on surprise, musical cues, such as rapid attack, large pitch variation, higher harmonics, slow tempo with a sudden interruption, and sudden change in loudness do seem to play a role. Other cues, such as major key, 4/4 meter, timbral difference, and diatonic harmony also have an impact on the elicitation of surprise. These are important implications for designing museum experiences.
The Family-Friendly Museum: Museums through the eyes of families
Authors: Ásványi Katalin , Fehér Zsuzsanna , Jászberényi Melinda
Published: March 2021

According to studies on family leisure time, positive experiences with family members are the most important motivation factor for family leisure activities. In their traditional role, museums are cultural mediators, sources of information and research. However, as the needs of consumers with regards to museums are changing, institutions should instead focus on the opportunity to participate, learn and experience. The aim of our study is to identify key elements that make a museum family friendly and to define criteria for this designation. The framework was constructed based on the analysis of in-depth interviews with families with constructive grounded theory. The study’s findings highlight the need for museums to pay attention to families not only during their visit but also in the preparation and follow-up phases. The managerial implications for museums that would like to be family-friendly are discussed and solutions proposed.
Culture-led regeneration as a vital instrument for preserving the cultural heritage of historical parks in Poland
Authors: Środa-Murawska Stefania , Grzelak-Kostulska Elżbieta , S. Dąbrowski Leszek , Biegańska Jadwiga , Smoliński Paweł
Published: March 2021

Historical parks and palace and park complexes deserve special protection for their potential and as the embodiment of national heritage. Most of them are impressive estates that bear witness to their times and reflect the dreams and aspirations of their owners. However, because of the entangled history of post-socialist countries including Poland much of the cultural heritage they represent has been irreversibly destroyed. The aim of the study was to assess the concept of culture-led regeneration as applied to palace and park complexes situated in rural areas at risk of marginalisation in a post-socialist country, Poland, using the case of Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship. Its findings show that culture-led regeneration is a valuable instrument for protecting historical palace and park estates, which saves the areas from further devastation and boosts local development.
Heritagising the Vernacular in a Central European Borderland: Wooden Churches and Open-Air Museums in Upper Silesia
Authors: Gorzelik Jerzy
Published: March 2021

This article focuses on how the demand for social and political meanings, generated by nation-building processes and competence between nationalisms in Central Europe, has determined the protection and heritagisation of vernacular architecture. The problem has been analysed using the example of the wooden churches in Upper Silesia—the region contested by Germany and Poland. These monuments gained unprecedented importance as they were believed to testify to ancient architectural traditions and were used to prove the Germanic or Slavic roots of regional culture. The article reveals the evolution of churches’ meanings and the ways they have affected the monument protection and functioning of open-air museums.
Cultural heritage as a means of heritage tourism development
Authors: Bitušíková Alexandra
Published: March 2021

A large number of studies within the social sciences have been devoted to the relationship between cultural heritage and cultural/ heritage tourism development in recent years and even decades. This area of study has been an object of interest for numerous disciplines, from economics, geography, sociology and history, to ethnology, sociocultural anthropology, museology and cultural studies. The study aims to present selected theories on cultural heritage and heritage tourism based on recent theoretical concepts, and to reflect their implementation within a particular national and regional context based on a case study of the Banská Bystrica Self-Governing Region, Slovakia.
Collections Mobility Today: How is the mobility of collections encouraged in Slovakia and Czechia?
Authors: Tutková Marianna
Published: March 2021

The article is focused on the mobility of museum collections today in Slovakia and Czechia. The paper begins with a brief overview of the first specialist conferences to focus on the issue of collections mobility in Europe. It continues with an overview of present-day information support for sharing collections between museums in Slovakia and Czechia. It analyses the online activities of museums and cultural institutions and currently literature on the issue, as well as changes to legislation which affect the awareness of collections mobility and facilitate the process of loaning collection objects between museums. In particular, it summarises changes to the Slovak Law no. 207/2009 on conditions pertaining to the export and import of objects of cultural significance, which was amended in 2018. The conclusion includes a brief list of the most basic and, at the same time, the latest approaches to collections mobility in Europe.
The Impact of the Economic Crisis on the Environmental Responsibility of the Companies
Authors: Miras M.M. , Escobar B. , Carrasco A.
Published: March 2021

The severe economic crisis is affecting significantly to the environment in which companies have to continue with their business. Consequently, academicians and managers are worried about what is going to happen with the Social Responsibility and particularly with the Environmental Responsibility, due to the decrease in the financial performance of the companies. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of the crisis on the environmental behavior of the Spanish companies through an explicative study, deepening in the comparison between the years 2006 and 2010. As a result, Spanish companies continue carrying out behaving in an environmentally friendly way because their Environmental Scores are growing, despite the decline of the Financial Performance. Moreover, it is identified a change in the factors that affect to the environmental behavior due to the identification of less dependence on corporate financial performance.
Efforts and Challenges in the COVID-19 mitigation in Nepal
Authors: Parajuli Dr Surya B
Published: March 2021

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Una Posible respuesta de Heidegger a la crítica de Lévinas
Authors: Primiciero Matamoros José Andrés
Published: March 2021

Lévinas realiza a lo largo de toda su obra una crítica contundente a la ontología de Martin Heidegger. Dicha crítica se puede resumir en la tesis de que la ontología, o estudio del ser, representa el egoísmo y la libertad que se impone y violenta al otro, y es por ello que debe ser sustituida por la ética como filosofía primera. A partir de dicha crítica este breve ensayo desea formular algunas posibles respuestas de Heidegger partiendo de la tesis de que el egoísmo metafísico, basado en la mismidad del Dasein, y su despliegue a partir de la libertad hermenéutica con la que habita el mundo, son inevitables para pensar cualquier tipo de relación con los demás incluyendo la esfera ética. Es así que el objetivo de este ensayo es replantear los postulados de Heidegger para invitar de nuevo a pensar esta discusión sobre la ontología y la ética.
EFFECTS OF COVID-19 ON PERSONAL HYGIENE HABITS AMONG THE STUDENTS OF THE OYO STATE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, LANLATE
Authors: Ogundele Adeolu , Oladipo Olukayode
Published: March 2021

This study attempts an evaluation of the effects that the outbreak of the corona virus disease (COVID-19) have on the personal hygiene habits among the students’ of the Oyo State College of Education, Lanlate. The study used empirical survey of three hundred randomly selected students from the six schools of the college. Questionnaire, oral interview and personal observation were used as instruments of data collection. Data collected were analysed through the use of table and simple percentages. The findings showed that the awareness of the existence of COVID-19 was very high though some respondents doubt the existence of the disease. The study also revealed that there was improvement in the personal hygiene habits of the students this is depicted in constant washing of hands with soaps, improved environmental sanitation, wearing of face masks among other habits. Inadequate supply of potable water, defective campaign against the disease, high cost of hand sanitisers and face masks hinder the observation of COVID-19 protocols. It was recommended that government should improve on potable water supply to the people, materials needed to stop the spread of the virus should be subsidized or distributed free and people should improve their personal hygiene and environmental sanitation habits.
A Phenomenological Approach to Understand the Challenges Faced by Medical Students
Authors: Deepa R. , Panicker Anuja
Published: March 2021

Life in a medical school is more challenging, when compared to other disciplines like arts and engineering. The innate nature of the medical curriculum and the demands of the profession have created extensive pressure on its students, leading to the prevalence of high stress levels and stress related disorders in them. The mental health of future doctors is very important for quality patient care. Hence it is high time for medical institutions to design interventions to mitigate this situation. A significant amount of research has gone into identifying the predominant stressors of medical education and the prevailing stress levels amongst medical students. However, there is dearth in research efforts that explicitly explain: the manifestation of stressors in different stages of medical education; coping strategies of students; and the kind of support required by the students to cope up with these challenges. Hence this study uses a phenomenological approach to understand the phenomenon of stress amongst medical students of a private medical college in South India. The study found that academic pressure, homesickness, faculty and institution related factors challenge the students. It was also found that the students require support to handle these challenges. These findings have interesting and important implications for institutions and policy makers, with respect to designing interventions to provide a congenial learning environment for our future doctors.