bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR, AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR E ABASTECIMENTO DE ALIMENTOS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: ENSAIOS PARA O ESTADO DO AMAZONAS
Authors: Maia Beatriz Jean , De Oliveira Elane Conceição
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir com as discussões sobre segurança alimentar, agricultura familiar e abastecimento de alimentos em tempos de pandemia vigente com foco no estado do Amazonas (AM). Metodologicamente, essa pesquisa é quali-quantitativa de caráter exploratória, com levantamento bibliográfico e de dados estatísticos sobre as temáticas em questão. Os resultados revelaram haver uma relação direta entre segurança alimentar e nutricional (SAN) e agricultura familiar (AF). A AF é um setor essencial e estratégico em tempos de pandemia, pois, além de garantir a segurança alimentar do país, a agricultura brasileira foi o único setor sem retração econômica até o momento. No AM, 90% da agricultura é familiar baseada em sistemas agroflorestais diversificados e com forte concentração de estabelecimentos rurais inferiores a 10 hectares. Muito embora os produtores rurais produzam alimentos e abasteçam a região, o AM ainda é grande importador de produtos alimentares (mandioca, farinha de mandioca, milho e feijão), o que dificulta a soberania e a segurança alimentar da população amazonense. No entanto, a agricultura de base familiar amazonense é um canal para reduzir o nível de pobreza dos povos ribeirinhos e para promover o desenvolvimento local sustentável na região.
Alternatives to Improve Operational Traffic in Roundabouts Using Microsimulation
Authors: Rincón-Numpaque Nelson , Moreno-Anselmi Luis Ángel , Rodríguez-Polo Kelly Andrea , Gaviria-Mendoza Carlos Andrés
Published: April 2021

Roundabout in urban arterials are likely to block roads or generate long queues of vehicles due to the constant changes on urban dynamics near to the interception. Several alternatives to modify the flow pattern or geometry and infrastructure need to be study previously to propose a final design solution of roundabout with traffic issues. In this study, a review of three alternatives to improve the operational traffic are discussed; signalized intersection, turbo-roundabouts and overpass/underpass. In addition, the application of these alternatives is evaluated in a “classic” roundabout located at Tunja city that has a maximum of 3691 Veh/h counted and it is operated in saturated condition.  Microsimulation is used from a calibrated model with volume counted, vehicle composition and speeds in the VISSIM software. Results show that signalize the roundabout does not improve the operational traffic (with a reduction on 38% of approach speed) and, the turbo-roundabouts are a mid-term solution that meet the traffic demand on 15 years with a progressively loss of service (with a  mean approach speed of 6.4 Km/h at 15 years). The constructions of underpass and overpass show to be the only solution that increase four times the travel speed throw the roundabout and keep acceptable speed at the end of cyclic live of intersection (18.7 Km/h at 20 years).
Emissions from surrounding strata in coalbeds: Guaduas formation (Colombia)
Authors: Mariño - Martínez Jorge Eliecer
Published: April 2021

During underground coal mining operations, greenhouse gas emissions are produced, mainly methane. These emissions originated not only from coal, but also from the subsidence of the surrounding rocks. Until now, emissions from surrounding rocks have been calculated from international tables, but it is proposed that they be calculated from gas measurements on coal-adjacent rocks in coalbed methane exploration in which drillings and canisters desorption systems were used in the provinces of Boyacá and Cundinamarca. The gas contents of the surrounding rocks, and thus the emissions, are less than those found in the coal at the same depth. The areas with the highest gas content values in the surrounding rocks are Samacá and Chinavita with contents between 40 and 50 feet3/ton. These values equate to one-third or a quarter of those obtained from the coalbeds close to such samples. The highest gas content did not correspond to the highest coal rank (Socotá) which would be explained by the intense folding and faulting in that area. The gas contents found in the shales (clays) of the Guaduas formation can also be used as a proxy indicator for older and deeper formations that could have good shale gas potential.
Characterization of maturity in civil construction works in Colombia
Authors: Castro-Silva Hugo Fernando , Rodríguez-Cañas Gonzalo Andrés , López-Márquez Hollman Harley
Published: April 2021

Project management is one of the disciplines with the greatest academic interest in recent years, due to the importance of projects for the economy and strategic positioning of both an organization and a region or country. The maturity of project management in organizations is related to the search for a competitive advantage in the market through excellence in the projects and various models of maturity have been proposed in the organizations. The objective of this study is to characterize the maturity in the management of construction projects in Colombia, based on the perception of a representative sample of project managers in the sector. The results show that, at each of the maturity levels, such as standardization, measurement, control and continuous improvement, project managers, mostly the project management processes, have techniques and tools for project management implemented. However, the basic orientation of construction project management towards the processes of knowledge areas that make up the so-called iron triangle of projects, such as scope, schedule, budget and quality, is evident. The results of this research show the need to implement appropriate strategies by construction companies to improve the level of maturity in processes related to the management of resources (mainly human resources), project knowledge management, risk management and communication management among the different stakeholder groups of the project, in order to increase the success rate of projects in this sector. the construction.
Technical-economic analysis of [Bmim][BF4] for the post-combustion CO2 capture at ”Termocentro” thermoelectric plant, Colombia
Authors: Amado-González Eliseo , Sánchez-Peinado Walter David , Fuentes-Ordoñez Edwin Gustavo
Published: April 2021

In the present work, steady-state simulations of the natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) and the post-combustion CO2 capture (PCC) processes have been modelled in Aspen Plus® environment. The capture plan model was validated with data from the Colombian power plant "Termocentro" at 300MWe. A techno-economical evaluation study has been performed for both a combined cycle (gas and steam) and the PCC process.  The PCC process was based on the solvent 30% (w/w) MEA-H2O and on the solvent H2O-30% (w/w)-MEA-5% (w/w))-[Bmim][Bf4].  Sensitivity analysis was carried out, giving as a result an optimum concentration of 5% (w/w) for the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid ([Bmim] [BF4]) solvent.  The study indicates how with efficient operation conditions of solvent regeneration, [Bmim][Bf4]   may be used for CO2 capture plans on the future.
Application of the six sigma methodology in the area of paste preparation of a company in the ceramic sector
Authors: Álvarez-Rozo Diana Carolina , Ortiz-Rodríguez Oscar Orlando , Rozo-Rojas Ivanhoe
Published: April 2021

At present, there are a large number of quality improvement techniques, making it difficult for companies to decide which to apply. In this research, the paste preparation area of ​​a ceramic tile manufacturing company was studied, and the result of this stage is directly reflected in the quality of the final product. The general objective was to apply the Six Sigma methodology in the paste preparation process of a ceramic company; likewise, to evaluate the measurements of the variables that intervene in the paste preparation area of ​​the productive process of a ceramic company and the causes that affect the quality. The application of the six sigma methodology requires the application of statistical tools because the term sigma represents the standard deviation of a distribution and is key to know its variability (Sharma, Bhardwaj, & Kumar, 2013). The implemented methodology is the one proposed in the DMAMC cycle: Design, Measurement, Analysis, Improvement, and Control or DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). The critical quality variables were established for each of the three stages of the pasta preparation area: raw materials, grinding, and atomization. The data obtained in the technological tests were organized in tables and graphs, to analyze the results qualitatively and quantitatively, using Minitab and SPSS. As a result, the evaluation of the paste preparation area is obtained, as well as the processing capacity of the different variables of the raw material stage, which exceeds 95%, except for the variables of loss by fire and viscosity. As for the grinding stage, the variable viscosity (Z = 1.45), with a processing capacity equivalent to approximately 85%. There are statistically significant differences. Finally, the variables of the atomization stage have a higher process capacity, 98%.
La Auditoría de Gestión y su incidencia en la rentabilidad de las Pymes
Authors: Rivera-Espinel Yuliana Isabel , Rodríguez-Montes Dilani Yhirley , Peñaranda-Sarabia Luisa Fernanda , Rico Rojas Carlos Fabian
Published: April 2021

El presente estudio tiene el objetivo de analizar la rentabilidad e influencia que ejerce sobre las pequeñas y medianas empresas la implementación, estudio y aplicación del modelo de auditoría de gestión, con el fin de conocer el proceso de implementación y su influencia sobre las pymes se realizó documentación de literatura que tuviera por objeto explicar los criterios expuestos en un modelo de auditoría, se encontró que la auditoría es un examen crítico dentro de una empresa para determinar cómo se manejan los recursos, los resultados de procesos realizados, la auditoría como un examen representa una fuente verás de información dentro de la empresa, su enfoque de auditoría de gestión constituye un modelo capaz de evaluar y analizar información externa e interna tanto administrativa como operativa de las empresas con el fin de determinar el impacto o cómo se están utilizando y gestionando los recursos, otra de sus funciones dentro de la empresa es el análisis dentro de la toma de decisiones, ya que como es un examen crítico, se encarga de brindar resultados que hagan prever las posibles mejores decisiones para que la empresa mejore tanto sus procesos administrativos, gestión de recursos como operativos. Mediante la documentación realizada se puede concluir que la auditoría de gestión como concepto relativamente nuevo, puede brindar dentro del proceso interno de una pyme, mejorías entorno a la gestión, ya que al tener un análisis detallado permite conocer los puntos críticos que están afectando el manejo de la pyme y por lo tanto su rentabilidad, también se determinó que para que un modelo de auditoría de gestión funciones correctamente debe estar apoyado en un personal de administración ampliamente capacitado que logre la solución de los problemas detectados por el modelo, y así gestione los recursos y los procesos para el mejoramiento de la rentabilidad, aplicar el modelo de auditoría de gestión en una pyme ser parte vital dentro del crecimiento y rentabilidad de esta.
Aportes y limitaciones del análisis financiero que emplean las pequeñas y medianas empresas
Authors: Archila-Soto Ingrid Johanna , Albarracín-Ortega Edwin Daniel , Guardiola-Plazas Luis Fernando
Published: April 2021

Este artículo trata sobre los aportes y limitaciones del análisis financiero que emplean en la actualidad las pequeñas y medianas empresas PYMES. La metodología consistió en una revisión documental, mediante trabajos extraídos de la base de datos Scopus y Dialnet de la biblioteca Eduardo Cote Lamus. Se consultaron 20 publicaciones relacionadas con el tema en un periodo de tiempo de los últimos 10 años, tanto a nivel internacional, como en el ámbito nacional. En los resultados se lograron identificar las principales herramientas de análisis financiero que pueden utilizar las PYMES en la actualidad. Seguidamente, dentro de las publicaciones consultadas se identificaron los principales problemas financieros que se reportaron, en PYMES que conforman diferentes sectores como el comercial, industrial y de servicios. A partir de esta información, se propusieron las herramientas que pueden mejorar la gestión en estas empresas para enfrentar los problemas de acceso a capital de trabajo, reducción de los costos financieros y para mejorar la práctica de planificación, de manera que les permita reducir la incertidumbre y el riesgo de pérdidas en el mercado cambiante.
Cultura de los ciudadanos de Colombia, México y Perú, frente al pago del impuesto Predial
Authors: García-García Luzdey Enith , Lizcano-Barajas Angie Alejandra , Rueda-Vera Gerson
Published: April 2021

La presente investigación titulada “Cultura de los ciudadanos de Colombia, México y Perú, frente al pago del impuesto predial”, tiene como objetivo principal analizar, diferentes factores que impiden la recaudación de este impuesto, conocer a profundidad las causas de porque muchos ciudadanos no decide pagar este tipo de impuesto, que consecuencia acarrea el no pago de estos tributos tanto para el territorio como para todos su habitantes. Es importante analizar los diferentes casos para determinar por qué algunas personas no tienen el conocimiento del pago del impuesto predial, de esto se tiene la intención de demostrar cuales son las desventajas y ventajas. Para analizar todos estos factores utilizamos la metodología de tipo documental y descriptiva, ya que la recopilación de la información se obtuvo mediante diversas fuentes bibliográficas. Debido a los análisis realizados se determinó que la mayoría de los contribuyentes considera que tiene muy poco beneficio al momento de pagar el impuesto predial, lo que genera la morosidad del impuesto predial. Datos similares se aprecian en el estudio realizado por (Segura y Cayao, 2017) quienes encontraron que la mayor parte de los propietarios no conocen sus derechos y deberes con respecto a sus obligaciones tributarias, principalmente relacionado al impuesto predial, desconocen los fines y objetivos del tributo considerando que no les beneficia, así mismo desconocen los plazos de pago y no realizan adecuadamente sus declaraciones, por lo que los contribuyentes no cumplen con sus obligaciones generando la morosidad del impuesto predial. Finalmente podemos concluir que, a pesar que muchas personas tratan de evadir el impuesto y no hay cultura de pago, se han obtenido resultados favorables en cuanto al recaudo del impuesto predial, además el gobierno ha creado estrategias para mejorar y fortalecer las finanzas, como los descuentos que se dan por pagar estos tributos a principios del año.
Inicios, desarrollo y auge de los negocios virtuales
Authors: Salazar-Vergel Andrea , Contreras-Cáceres Maria Esmeralda
Published: April 2021

Las redes virtuales iniciaron como una herramienta de interacción social a distancia, para formar grupos familiares, de amigos, de estudio y/o sobre gustos particulares (hobbies); pero como toda interacción social, ésta evolucionó, luego se empezaron a organizar eventos tanto virtuales como para concretar encuentros personales de dos o más personas. Dicha interacción permitió la publicación de opiniones, pensamientos y puntos de vista sobre muchos y variados temas, así como necesidades o búsquedas que llevaron a que otros individuos ofertaran bienes y servicios que suplieran dichas necesidades dando lugar a las interacciones comerciales de manera virtual .En este escrito se pretende dar a conocer un tema que toca casi a diario ya sea como observadores, ofertantes o demandantes de los intercambios comerciales virtuales, pero que no se han detenido a analizar realmente sus alcances y las excelentes oportunidades que se puede aprovechar, dimensionar también que esto se puede tomar como un nuevo mercado laboral desde casa empezando con la básica herramienta de Internet. La intención de este artículo bibliográfico es sintetizar la información de todos los ensayos, escritos, blogs, trabajos de investigación, etc.; que traten este tema y enfocarlos de una manera más práctica de entender, que sea un escrito informativo, documentado, entretenido y fácil de leer y que al mismo tiempo nos deje con una idea formada muchos más clara del inicio, desarrollo y auge de los negocios virtuales.
El paradigma de la ética en la formación contable y el enfoque de sus intervinientes
Authors: Escalante Eslendy , Becerra Anllela , Rueda-Vera Gerson
Published: April 2021

Actualmente el mundo vive una situación llamada corrupción en donde la cultura y la economía son la excusa de los medios públicos y el detonante de las fallas en algunos cargos desempeñados bajo la gran variedad de  profesiones; llegando así a discutir el tema de la ética de un profesional quien trata de incursionar a fondo en la necesidad de formación como un proceso indispensable al cual debe acceder  para fortalecer  su capacidad de asumir el rol en la sociedad profesional. La ética es el valor por el cual se evalúa la conducta del ser humano en la sociedad, el poder de decisión del bien o el mal, comprendiendo los principios de la actuación íntegra, honesta y honrada en el ámbito laboral de un individuo dentro de su profesión, área, departamento, puesto de trabajo u obligación delegada bajo su responsabilidad. Según las anteriores pautas sobre la ética  profesional, se pretende  exponer con este artículo algunos paradigmas que se han generado a lo largo de los años en el ámbito contable, el por qué se han generado, el pensamiento de los que intervienen, las consecuencias y los beneficios que ha traído consigo el olvido de mantener, efectuar, incentivar y/o motivar este importante valor.  Aclaremos que un contador público es una persona con responsabilidad decisiva en la sociedad, su actuación está sujeta a procesos fiscales de personas y organizaciones  donde es el mismo quien da fe pública de la información contable y financiera.
Crecimiento paralelo e interconectado cultural y económico a través de la Economía Naranja
Authors: Ovallos Telles Cheila Natalia , Pedrozo Torres María Vanessa
Published: April 2021

El siguiente artículo analiza generalidades conceptuales y fundamentos de la economía naranja o industria creativa, con las que se puede entender sus efectos sobre ámbitos económicos, exportaciones e importaciones a nivel mundial gracias a estudios presentados por la ONU y, nacional por medio del último reporte estadístico del DANE. De igual manera, se realiza una reflexión sobre las diferentes oportunidades de negocios que existen en este campo a través de nociones contemporáneas como el emprendimiento, la innovación y el uso de plataformas digitales, cuyo auge ha sido inminente debido a la revolución digital por la que atraviesa el planeta. Por otro lado, resalta el excelente valor que genera estos tipos de economías para preservar patrimonios e identidad cultural por medio de la generación de propiedad intelectual. Por último, se estudia el impacto que ha generado y puede continuar haciendo el campo de las artesanías colombianas, definiéndolo como un sector incluyente, clave para el incremento de valor agregado en el PIB, y que preserva la identidad de un país rico culturalmente.
The prenatal diagnosis and clinical outcomes of fetuses with 15q11.2 copy number variants: a case series of 36 patients
Authors: Kang Jessica , Lee Chien Nan , Su Yi-Ning , Lin Ming-Wei , Tai Yi-Yun , Hsu Wen wei , HUANG KUAN-YING , Chen Chi-Ling , Hung Chien-Hui , LIN SHIN-YU
Published: April 2021

Objective: The prenatal genetic counseling of fetus diagnosed with the
15q11.2 copy number variant (CNV) involving the BP1-BP2 region has been
difficult due to limited information and controversial opinion on
prognosis. Design: Case series. Setting: This study uses data from
National Taiwan University Hospital. Sample: Data of 36 pregnant women
who underwent prenatal microarray analysis from 2012 to 2017 and were
assessed at National Taiwan University Hospital. Methods: Data were
collected by reviewing patients’ medical record. Comparison of patient
characteristics, prenatal ultrasound findings and postnatal outcomes
between different cases involving the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 region were
presented. Main outcome measured: Postnatal prognosis. Results: Out of
the 36 patients diagnosed with CNVs involving the BP1-BP2 region, 5 were
diagnosed with microduplication and 31 with microdeletion. Abnormal
ultrasound findings were recorded in 12 cases prenatally. De novo
microduplications were observed in 25% of the cases and microdeletions
were found in 14%. Amongst the cases, 10 pregnant women received
termination of pregnancy and 26 gave birth to healthy individuals (27
babies in total). Conclusion: The prognoses of 15q11.2 CNVs were
controversial and recent studies have revealed its connection with
developmental delay and autism. In our study, no obvious developmental
delay or neurological disorders were detected postnatally in the 1 case
of 15q11.2 microduplication and 25 cases of microdeletion.
The investigation of artificial and natural defects on the fatigue strength of vacuum-assisted high pressure die cast AlSi9Cu3(Fe) aluminum alloy
Authors: Szalva Péter , Orbulov Imre
Published: April 2021

AlSi9Cu3(Fe) vacuum-assisted high pressure die cast (VPDC) specimens
were investigated by experimental fatigue test and fracture mechanics
approach. The aims of the investigations were (i) to evaluate the
fracture resistance and (ii) to indirectly determine the threshold
stress intensity value (ΔKth) of casting alloy in uniaxial tension. The
specimens were sorted into two groups: specimens with different size
(0.01-0.40 mm2) natural defects, and specimens an additional artificial
blind hole. The fatigue strength region was tested at R=-1 stress ratio
to 107 number of cycles to fracture. The fracture mechanics approach was
applied to study the behavior of the small cracks by Kitagawa diagram,
the defect size was taken into account by the Murakami’s (√area)
parameter. The fatigue strength values were 104.7 MPa for smooth
specimen, 92.7 MPa for specimen with D0.3 artificial hole, and 87.2 MPa
for specimen with D0.6 artificial hole at the prescribed cycles,
respectively.
Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of mild to moderate COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia: A single centre study
Authors: Albanghali Mohammad , Anwar Sirajudheen , Alzahrani Mohammed , Barakat Bassant , Haseeb Abdul , Alghamdi Saleh
Published: April 2021

Background Since the severity of symptoms affects the treatment option
for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, the treatment pattern
for mild to moderate non-ICU cases must be evaluated, particularly in
the current scenario of mutation and variant strain for effective
decision making. Objectives This retrospective study’s objectives were
to assess clinical and treatment outcomes in mild to moderate non-ICU
COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia. Methods Non-ICU patients with
COVID-19 with mild to moderate symptoms who were admitted to major
tertiary care hospitals in Al Baha, Saudi Arabia, between April and
August 2019 were studied retrospectively for clinical outcomes. Results
A total of 811 people were admitted for COVID-19 treatment, with age
ranging from 14 to 66, diabetes mellitus (31 %, n = 248) and
hypertension (24%, n = 198) were the most common comorbid conditions.
The majority of the patients (77 %, n = 621) had reported symptoms for
COVID -19 infection. The hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) treated group (G1 n =
466) had an MD of 8 and an IQR of 5-13 for time in hospital with a 4.3
% mortality rate, while the non-HCQ group (G2 n = 345) had an MD of 6
and an IQR of 3-11 for time in hospital with a 3.2 % mortality rate.
The mortality rate among non-HCQ treated patients varied, but a
combination of antiviral and antibiotic treatment was found to be
effective, other most frequent intervention was analgesics 85.7 %,
anticoagulant 75 %, minerals (Zinc 83 % and Vit D3 82 %). Conclusions
The COVID 19 therapy and clinical outcomes from the past will be the
guiding factor to treat the mutant strain infection in the future.
Patients treated HCQ had a higher mortality rate, whereas those who were
given a non-HCQ combination had a greater clinical outcome profile.
Frozen Elephant Trunk with Gore Thoracic Endovascular Graft and Quadrifurcate Graft
Authors: Venturini Andrea , Gallingani Alan , Zanella Luca , Mangino Domenico
Published: April 2021

The frozen elephant trunk has simplified the surgical treatment of the
entire thoracic aorta; moreover many different technical variants of how
to do it have been described. Our procedure include implantation of a
Gore CTAG graft into the aortic arch followed by a teflon reinforced
suture line that should include the stent graft and the native aorta.
The 4-branched graft is then sutured to the distal stump therefore
creating a custom-made frozen elephant trunk hybrid prosthesis. Three
patients with acute type A aortic dissection and primary entry tear in
the arch were operated with this technique. There were no early or late
deaths, moreover no neurologic events occurred. The purpose of this
article is to introduce an innovative technique for total arch
replacement with the combination of a Gore CTAG stent graft used as a
frozen elephant trunk and a standard 4-branched graft for arch
reconstruction.
The role of epigenetic modifications in plant responses to stress
Authors: Lu Xuefeng , Hyun Tae
Published: April 2021

Epigenetics is the study of hereditary changes in gene expression under the
premise that the nucleotide sequence is not changed. Such hereditary changes
mainly involve DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin
remodeling. These covalent modifications play indispensable roles in
regulating gene expression; DNA replication, recombination, and repair; and
cell differentiation. Epigenetic modifications can be partially inherited by
daughter cells during mitosis and meiosis and influenced by external
factors, such as environmental stresses and supply deficits. In this review,
we summarize the current knowledge regarding epigenetic factors, such as DNA
methylation, histone acetylation, and regulation by non-coding RNAs, in the
development and stress response of plants.
Estimation of arsenic-induced genotoxicity in melon (Cucumis melo) by using RAPD-PCR and comet assays
Authors: Surgun-Acar Yonca
Published: April 2021

In this study, arsenic (As)-induced genotoxicity in the roots and shoots of
Cucumis melo (melon) seedlings were investigated by using the random
amplified polymorphic DNA - polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) and comet
assays. For this purpose, melon seedlings were exposed to arsenate [As(V)]
at 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 ?M concentrations in the hydroponic system for
14 days to examine the level of As accumulation, alterations in growth
parameters, and DNA damage. A reduction in growth with increasing As(V)
concentration was observed in the melon seedlings. Total As accumulations in
the shoot and root tissue increased in a dose-dependent manner; however, the
level was higher in the roots than the shoots. In RAPD-PCR analysis, 26
primers gave reproducible and scorable results and produced a total of 128
bands in the control seedlings. Alterations in RAPD profiles, including the
loss or appearance of new bands, were determined in the As-treated seedlings
when compared to the control. The values of genomic template stability (GTS)
were decreased by increasing the concentration of the As(V) in both tissue
types. DNA strand breaks were observed in all the tested As(V)
concentrations in the alkaline comet assay; furthermore, the loss of DNA
integrity was higher with 300 and 400 ?M As(V) treatments. The results
clearly indicate that the combination of DNA-based molecular and cytogenetic
techniques (e.g. the comet assay) may be proposed as a reliable evaluation
of genotoxicity in plants after exposure to heavy metal pollution.
A contribution to Amanita alseides, a recently described European species in the section vaginatae
Authors: Assyov Boris , Bozok Fuat , Yarar Mahmut , Slavova Monica , Taşkın Hatıra
Published: April 2021

The authors present a contribution to Amanita alseides, so far known from its
type specimens from France and Italy. A detailed description is included,
based on molecularly supported collections from Bulgaria and Greece,
expanding the knowledge on the morphological variability and the
distribution of the species.
Alveolar Ridge Preservation Using Autogenous Dentin Graft versus Demineralized Freeze-dried Bone Allograft (DFDBA): A Case Report
Authors: Esquivel-Chirino César , Vargas-Romero Vanessa , Rodríguez-Torres Gerardo , Villatoro-Ugalde Verónica , Rivas-Fonseca María Guadalupe , Montes-Sánchez Delina G. , Carmona Ruiz Daniela , Valero Princet Yolanda , Márquez-Correa Christian
Published: April 2021

Tooth extraction is a surgical procedure that is performed due to pulp and periapical pathology, periodontal disease, or teeth that are not deemed to be prosthetically or endodontically restorable. Following tooth extraction, bone resorption and vertical or horizontal defects occur. Traditionally, ridge preservation warrants the use of different agents such as autografts, allografts, xenografts, and mineral or ceramic materials. Autogenous dentin grafts are alternative to ridge preservation with osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and non-immunogenic properties to generate bone formation. The aim of the case report was to evaluate and compare clinical and histological outcomes using an autogenous dentin graft versus an allogeneic bone graft (DFDBA) as an alternative for ridge preservation.
Impact of Periodontitis on Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Agarwal Shashi Kant
Published: April 2021

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Recently, an increasing amount of preventive and therapeutic scrutiny has been directed towards lifestyles and their effect on CVDs. Maintaining good dental health is a lifestyle behavior that can help prevent periodontitis (PD), tooth caries, and tooth loss. Published scientific data is persuasive that dental infections, such as PD, have significant deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system. This paper briefly reviews the association of PD with CVDs.
Technology, Pedagogy & Assessment: Challenges of COVID19-Imposed E-Teaching of ESP to Saudi Female PY Students
Authors: Hafeez Alvi Amatul , Muhammad Bilal Syed , Abdul Rahim Alvi Aisha
Published: April 2021

The Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) triggered substantial shifts in the education systems worldwide as teaching and learning have had to shift from face-to-face to an entirely virtual model due to the closure of educational institutes. The present paper is a descriptive-analytical investigation of the challenges of the current pandemic-imposed E-teaching of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses to female preparatory (PY) year students at King Khalid University (KKU). It identifies teachers’ and students’ responses about the ongoing issues with E-teaching of ESP with to put practical solutions to them. The study is conducted at The University Center for Girls’ Studies- Al-Samir Campus-Abha during the academic year 2020-2021. Twenty English Language instructors at the English Language Center (ELC) and eighty students of the preparatory year at the College of Medicine enrolled in Intensive English Course (Njl-019) participated in the study. It adopts mixed qualitative methodology with the teachers’ semi-structured interview and students’ questionnaire as tools to collect data, and descriptive analysis as a method to interpret data. The study finds out reciprocity of teachers’ and students’ responses in pinpointing the factors posing serious challenges in teaching and learning ESP courses as majorly related to technology, pedagogy, and Assessment. Considering these challenges, the study puts forth practical suggestions to promote virtual teaching and learning of ESP courses. The suggested solutions are hoped to help providing successful standards for virtual ESP teaching and learning as per the constraints of quality modern education.
Female Saudi University Students’ Perceptions of Online Education Amid COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Altuwairesh Nasrin
Published: April 2021

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has wreaked havoc and caused world-wide disruptions to daily activities, including education. Numerous mitigation measures were taken to slow down the rapid spread of this pandemic. The situation, subsequently, entailed utilizing technology to ensure the continuation of the educational process. The abrupt shift to online education presented significant challenges to teachers and learners alike. Uncovering students’ perceptions of their online education experience will help address and deal with these challenges. This study attempted to explore the perceptions of Saudi female undergraduate students of their online education experience amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The total of 241 female students at the College of Languages and Translation at King Saud University in Riyadh answered a multi-item online survey. The results revealed that many of the respondents were happy with their online learning experience, enjoyed learning online and looked forward to their online classes. However, when asked to compare online learning to brick-and-mortar classes, more than half of the participants stated that they prefer traditional, face-to-face learning. The results of this study also revealed that the significant problems students faced in online education related to staying motivated, technical issues and the absence of face-to-face interaction. Despite the many challenges they face when learning online, the most cited advantage for online education mentioned by the participants is that it is more convenient. The results also indicated that this education mode seemed to suit shy students more, as they stated that they participate and ask questions more in online classes.
Conceptualisation of the newest tools of knowledge-based communication in the teaching / learning process at a higher educational establishment
Authors: Romanyshyn Yulia
Published: April 2021

The presented study considers the current problem of the pedagogical process of higher education institution – knowledge transfer and exchange in the form of knowledge-based communications in the teaching / learning process of higher school based on ICT tools. It is highlighted that information tools for providing the learning process should be structured according to the importance of synchronous and asynchronous tools, where synchronous tools should be given a secondary role. The feedback they provide is an important contribution to the task related to the evaluation of the pedagogical influence on the audience in traditional or online modes. The importance of such subordination is typical both of lectures, seminars, laboratory and practical classes. Among the characterised modern information tools of the organisation of e-learning in institutions of higher education, discussion forums are singled out. Initially, discussion forums were used as a form of online entertainment. With the development of the Internet industry, their main purpose is shifted to the area of the tasks dealing with building relationships with customers (participants of the learning process, i.e. students). It`s worth emphasising that discussion forums have been performed very well in terms of their application in online learning. This allows transferring all possible spontaneous or purposeful discussions that can arise within a real audience in a separate type of time-related and spatially mediated web-based communication. Such a communication will be effectively continued within the framework outlined by the external moderator (i.e. a teacher). Using the peculiarities of discussion forums allows implementing them as an information and learning tool with all the necessary settings in accordance with the information needs of specific users, their groups and moderation levels. Thus, discussion forums are a kind of network-based means of knowledge transfer in the information and learning environment of higher school. Learning discussion forums are a type of information exchange, which is provided by relevant communication means and information instruments. It is their use that enables the organisation of the teaching / learning process for virtual communities and training profession-based communication in the web environment of the information space of higher education institutions.
The Rate of Sample Rejection and Pre-Analytical Errors at KCMC Clinical Laboratory in Moshi, Kilimanjaro
Authors: Mosha Victor V. , Kabanyana Claudia
Published: April 2021

Background: Over the years, modern medicine has been able to provide a better quality services to patients. However, medical error is still prevalent and has a lot of negative consequences on patients’ outcome. These may include delayed treatment, longer hospital stays, or even worsening of the patient’s condition. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of sample rejection at KCMC Clinical Laboratory and the different pre-analytical errors that contribute to it.

Methods: Data extraction sheet was used to collect information from rejection forms from January to December 2016. Information on types of sample rejected, the wards/departments from which they were collected and the clinical laboratory section in which they were to be analysed were collected.

Results: Out of the 117181 samples received from January to December 2016, 234 were rejected, giving a 0.19% rate of rejection. The highest rates of rejection were from haematology section 78 (33.3%). The major type of rejected sample was blood (86.3%) and 20% of the rejected samples came from internal medicine department, mainly from its inpatient department (13.6%). The commonest reason for rejection was unpaid specimens 84 (35.9%).    

Conclusion: The impact of pre-analytical errors on patient care is not negligible. A joint collaboration of all the stakeholders involved in patient care, specimen handling and analysis, and policymaking is necessary to arrive at quick and tangible solutions. Better communication between laboratory staff and other health care personnel is essential.
Detectable viral load among HIV -1 positive pregnant women on ART (Option B +) in northern Tanzania: Baseline results from the HIVDR study
Authors: Mazuguni Nicholaus Steven , Mazuguni Festo , Muro Eva Prosper
Published: April 2021

Introduction: In Tanzania, the Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDEC) has implemented the Option B+ as one of the strategies to facilitate achievement of elimination of mother to child transmission of HIV. To prevent emergence of drug resistance mutations early identification of option B+ failure is critical. The emergence of drug resistance mutation and subsequent treatment failure poses a major concern for HIV program in low- and middle-income resource settings where treatment options are limited.

Methodology: We recruited treatment naïve, treatment experienced HIV-1 positive pregnant women and those who had prophylaxis in their previous pregnancy in Kilimanjaro, northern Tanzania August 2016 to February 2017. Whole blood (2ml) for biochemistry, viral load and drug resistance testing were taken at baseline. ARV drug resistance testing was done on women with VL ≥ 1000 copies/ml. We used descriptive statistic and logistic regression to determine the strength of association between virologic outcome (virologic failure) and independent predictors.

Results: One hundred and forty eight (148) pregnant HIV-positive women were enrolled in the study with mean age of 29.82 years (SD=6.17) from August, 2016 to February, 2017. Virologic failure was demonstrated in 34 (23%) with viral load   ≥ 1,000 copies/ml. Genotyping results were available from 26 women, mutations associated with ARV resistance were detected in 23.1% (n = 6/26). Among the six women with ARV resistance mutation 4(66.7%) had high level resistance and 2(33.3%) had low level resistance. Among the 26 samples genotyped 15(58%) viruses were subtype A, while eight were subtype C (31%) and three subtypes D (11%). The most dominant drug resistance mutations against the reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the women with high level resistance were K103N, Y188L, D67N, K70R, M184V, T215F, K219EQ, and the low-level resistance was E138A. The older age was associated with virological failure compared to those who were < 20 year of age.

Conclusion: Viral load testing should be done on women who were already on antiretroviral treatment on their first antenatal visit to ensure early detection of virological failure and enable clinicians to take an appropriate course of action on their management.

Educational intervention on adherence should be targeted at an early stage to women with virological failure during pregnancy to reduce the emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations.
ANALISIS KRIMINOLOGI KEJAHATAN PEMBUNUHAN BERENCANA OKNUM POLISI DI JAYAPURA
Authors: Sujud Sujud
Published: April 2021

Murder is an inhuman crime, where the perpetrator of the crime kills with the intention of being planned in advance because it will kill other people's lives for a specific purpose, this crime is a crime of enmity between individuals and groups so that the victim is helpless, so the police investigator reveals his identity. Carefulness is needed. The problems discussed are what are the factors causing the crime of murder and how are the efforts to overcome the crime of murder. The research method used is normative juridical research. Data collection is based on literature study, based on the results of the research that the author has done, the factors that cause murder are internal and external factors. Internal factors, namely internal factors, and external factors, namely economic, environmental, and family factors. Efforts to tackle the crime of murder, namely penal and non-penal measures, are efforts to reduce the space for movement and opportunities for the committing of crimes. The suggestion in this research is that there is a need for cooperation between legal institutions and the government through police and military officers to prevent and cope with future premeditated murder, prosecutors and judges are requested to be able to prosecute and impose the maximum possible punishment on the perpetrators of the murder guided by the Criminal Code.
The fiction of History: recalling the past and imagining the future with Caesar at Troy.
Authors: Alston Richard
Published: April 2021

This essay considers the nature of historical discourse through a consideration of the historical narrative of Lucan’s Pharsalia. The focus is on the manner in which Lucan depicts history as capable of being fictionalised, especially through the operation of political power. The discourses of history make a historical account, but those discourses are not, in Lucan's view, true, but are fictionalised. The key study comes from Caesar at Troy, when Lucan explores the idea of a site (and history) which cannot be understood, but which nevertheless can be employed in a representation of the past. yet, Lucan also alludes to a ‘true history’, which is unrepresentable in his account of Pharsalus, and beyond the scope of the human mind. Lucan’s true history can be read against Benjamin and Tacitus. Lucan offers a framework of history that has the potential to be post-Roman (in that it envisages a world in which there is no Rome), and one in which escapes the frames of cultural memory, both in its fictionalisation and in the dependence of Roman imperial memory on cultural trauma.
A 15 minutos de Los Asperones
Authors: Rivas Herencia Eugenio , Rivas Herencia María
Published: April 2021

La propuesta A 15 minutos de Los Asperones forma parte de un proyecto de investigación multidisciplinar desarrollado en Los Asperones, Málaga. Dos niveles articulan el proyecto: por un lado, se plantea un análisis del territorio y de la realidad sociocultural del barrio en forma de documental que gira en torno a una serie de entrevistas; en segundo lugar, se lleva a cabo una video-performance, una acción poética que se yergue sobre el poder de la utopía y el mito.

A partir de la teoría urbanística de La ciudad del cuarto de hora, que indaga en la idea de ciudad sostenible, se establece la medida espacio-temporal en la que cada ciudadano debería tener acceso, a pie o en bicicleta, a los servicios fundamentales. ¿A qué distancia se encuentran los residentes de Los Asperones de este parámetro? Partiendo del barrio y con un radio de 15 minutos, recorremos esta zona de residuos de la ciudad de Málaga, donde más de 150 familias simulan diariamente el juego del habitar.
Pedro José Pradillo, un culto artista conceptual
Authors: Muñoz Jiménez José Miguel
Published: April 2021

La principal característica que se observa en la madura producción de Pedro José Pradillo, reflejada en la exposición de 2019 en Guadalajara, al margen de sus períodos constructivistas, es su fidelidad al arte conceptual; también el profundo análisis que aborda sobre el significado del arte –en particular del elaborado en el siglo XX–, y acerca del papel de la cultura en la sociedad occidental. Su interés, como en cualquier otro artista de ese movimiento, se centra en lograr imágenes y objetos para la fascinación a partir de la combinación de elementos encontrados que, más allá de la particular estética resultante, susciten inquietudes no deseadas en el espectador y provoquen en él motivos para la reflexión. Sus ensamblajes le sitúan, al mismo tiempo, dentro de la corriente del arte objetual.
The 2008 Financial Recession and the Dodd-Frank Act
Authors: Spano Dominick
Published: April 2021

The 2008 Financial Recession was one of the most significant fiscal downturns in the history of the United States. Considering that the world is in the midst of a global pandemic which may lead to another adverse economic climate, I believe that looking back at the causes of the 2008 Financial Recession is recommended. This may assist administrators to avoid the missteps which sparked this down economy in the future. By reading this paper, readers will also learn about the demographics effected by the recession and the Dodd-Frank Act, which was drafted to combat future occurrences of this nature.
The Impact Work Family Conflict on Performance: The Case of Married Female Nurses
Authors: Sari Wiendy Puspita , Sari Puteri Andika , Aktrisa Reka Tantia
Published: April 2021

Work Family Conflict (WFC) is common problem for working women. The purpose of this study is to analyse the dimensions of WFC: WIF (Work Interference with Family) & FIW (Family Interference with Work), and Performance of Working Women, and also to examine the influence of WIF and FIW on Performance of Working Woman partially and simultaneously. The research used survey method by giving questionnaires to 60 married female nurses from several Hospitals in Bandung. This study uses Partial Least Square (PLS) to analyse the relation between variables. The measurements of WFC are WIF & FIW. The measurements of Performance are Quality, Quantity, Punctuality, Cost effectiveness, Supervision needs, Interpersonal impact, Communication (oral-written), Job understanding / personal effectiveness, Teamwork, Achievement of performance results, Initiative / commitment. WIF has significant and negative impact on Performance of Working Women, the impact is about 46.7% (moderate). FIW has significant and negative impact on Performance of Working Women, the impact is about 42.4% (moderate). WIF & FIW has moderate impact on Performance of Working Women simultaneously, the impact is about 47.4%.