bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Función de descarga de diferentes arquitecturas fitocenosicas por el
Authors: Tuexi Villarreal Sergio Antonio , Nava Coronel Roberto , Pérez Romero Luis , López González Juan José
Published: January 2024

Se determinó una función matemática para representar las descargas ecosistémicas del Sporobolus airoides, Fluorensia cernua, Atriplex canescens y Medicago sativa. Para cuantificar su fitomasa, se usaron técnicas compatibles con la forma de las plantas. Los tiempos de muestreo se determinaron de acuerdo a las observaciones que se hicieron del consumo del herbívoro. Se utilizaron diferentes cargas animales para efectuar las descargas ecosistémicas y se expresaron en toneladas/hora, por hectáreas totales acumuladas. Las curvas obtenidas de las diferentes cargas ecosistémicas describen una función exponencial de la forma Y = ae -bx . Al ajustar los datos obtenidos en el campo, se determinó una función general de descarga de la fitomasa por el herbívoro.
Web Scraping Data Collection from Leather Craft E-Commerce
Authors: Nugroho Catur , Kurniawan Avip , Harira Irawan Bei , Prihadi Dedi , Hananto April Lia , Tukino
Published: January 2024

In the field of information research leather crafts are an important part. Especially about leather crafts, about the most dominant materials used and to assist process making of other products. With the emerge of e-commerce and digital computing, gathering information from digital sources and structuring it in a convenient way can provide meaningful information. Data sources are obtained by using web scraping in extracting information from websites based on text by presenting data statistics, the results of this study show the dominant use of synthetic leather materials, which is Polyurethane polymers can be applied to all types of leather handicraft products.
PENERAPAN KONSEP FUNGSI LINEAR DALAM EKONOMI DAN BISNIS
Authors: Nugraha Yuda Satria
Published: January 2024

This research aims to determine the application of linear function concept in economics and business. A linear function is the simplest function because it only has one independent variable and has a power of one. This research is qualitative research that uses a literature study method with an exploratory approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by collecting valid secondary data sources from books, scientific journals and the internet. The research results show several linear function models, namely the demand function Qdx = -a.Pdx +b , the supply function Qsx = a.Psx +b , the market balance point from the linear equation Pdx = Psx , the consumption function C = C0 + cY , the savings function S = C0 + (1 - c ) Y, and the production cost function TC = TFC + TVC.
Hubungan Antara Manusia dengan Daerah Air Sungai “Dampak yang Ditimbulkan Manusia Bagi Air Sungai Cisadane, Jawa Barat – Banten”
Authors: Alfandy Nur Wicaksana
Published: January 2024

Water in life is a substance that is so important to humans in addition to land and air where the need for water is so important in every community life, about three to four parts of the world is a part covered by water, besides that water is a substance used by humans for purposes such as cooking, washing clothes, bathing, transportation tools as well as supporting the needs of foodstuffs such as plants, livestock and others (Chandra, 2007). This article will focus on discussing how humans can be an impact of changes in water, especially river water and what humans do to be able to reduce the impact caused to river water reviewed from various sources and is expected to be an evaluation and information for us to be able to reduce water pollution whose presence is needed by humans.

Abstrak

Air didalam kehidupan merupakan zat yang begitu penting bagi manusia selain tanah dan udara dimana kebutuhan akan air begitu penting didalam setiap kehidupan masyarakat,sekitar tiga hingga empat bagian dunia merupakan bagian yang tertutupi oleh air,selain itu air merupakan zat yang digunakan manusia untuk keperluan seperti memasak,mencuci pakaian,mandi ,alat transportasi juga menunjang keperluan bahan makanan seperti tanaman,hewan ternak dan lain – lain (Chandra,2007). Artikel ini akan fokus membahas bagaimana manusia dapat menjadi dampak dari adanya perubahan air khususnya air sungai dan apa yang dilakukan manusia untuk bisa mengurangi dampak yang ditimbulkan bagi air sungai ditinjau dari berbagai sumber dan diharapkan akan menjadi evaluasi dan informasi bagi kita untuk bisa mengurangi pencemaran air yang kehadiranya sangat dibutuhkan oleh manusia.

Kata kunci: hubungan antar manusia, daerah air Sungai, dampak lingkungan
محددات السياسة الخارجيّة الروسيّة اتجاه العراق منذعام٢٠١٤ (المُحدّدات الاقتصاديّة أنموذجًا)
Authors: شنشول أ. م.د نسرين رياض
Published: January 2024

عُدَّ العراق جزءاً مهماً من منطقة الشرق الأوسط، المنطقة الحيوية بالنسبة لروسيا لأسباب عدّة منها استراتيجيّة واقتصاديّة وسياسيّة. وعلى الرّغم من معارضة روسيا العلنيّة للحرب على العراق، إلّا أنّها وافقت ضمناً على الحرب. فالسياسة الروسيّة اتجاه العراق بعد عام 2003 ومعارضتها للاحتلال الأمريكي له، إنّما نابع من طبيعة المصالح الاقتصاديّة والعسكريّة الروسيّة في العراق، إذ إنّ العراق يرتبط بعلاقات استراتيجيّة مع روسيا الاتحاديّة ومن قبلها الاتحاد السوفيتي السابق، الأمر الذي جعل روسيا ترى أنّ أي هجوم عسكري على العراق يمكن أن يؤدي  إلى تهديد مصالحها في العراق والمنطقة، وفي مقدّمتها العقود التجاريّة والنفطيّة للشركات الروسيّة في العراق وقد تميّز الموقف الروسي من الحرب الأمريكيّة على العراق في عام 2003، بالموقف الرافض للعمليات العسكريّة ضد العراق، كما اتَّسم الموقف الروسي بتحميل الولايات المتحدة الأمريكيّة وبريطانيا مسؤولية ما يجري في العراق، من انفلات أمني واضح وطالبت بضرورة الاسراع بتسليم السلطة إلى العراقيين والاسراع بإخراج القوات الأجنبيّة من العراق. ومن جهة أخرى، أعربت روسيا الاتحاديّة عن استعدادها لدعم العراق في بناء دولة ديمقراطيّة مستقلة موحّدة، ودعمه لجهوده في مكافحة الارهاب، وأكّدت اهتمامها في تعزيز العلاقات مع العراق مؤكّدة حرصها على سيادة العراق ووحدة أراضيه في إطار الأمن والاستقرار في منطقة الشرق الأوسط بعيدًا عن التدخلات الإقليميّة والدوليّة.
التكييفُ القانونيّ لعملِ عضُو الهيـــأة التدريسيّة في الجامعاتِ والكلياتِ الأهلية "دراسة تحليلية لقرار هيـــأة تحديد المرجع في محكمة التمييز الاتحادية رقم (1) الصادر في 26/1/2022"
Authors: م. د . احمد خضير عباس احمد
Published: January 2024

إنَّ شريحة العاملين في الجامعات والكليات الأهلية شريحة لها ثقلها الوازن في الحياة العملية والعلمية في الوقت الحاضر، إذ تمارس دوراً لا يقل نظريتها في الجامعات الحكومية, ومعلوم أنَّ هذه الفئة الأخيرة تخضع لقوانين وتعليمات تنظم علاقتها بالجهة العاملين فيها، ولكن العاملين في الكليات الأهلية ظلت مسألة علاقتهم القانونية بالجهة العاملين فيها متأرجحة, فتارة يخضعون لقانون العمل وتارة أخرى يخضعون لأحكام القانون المدني , وفي أحوال كثيرة يخضعون لقانون التعليم الأهلي وقانون الخدمة الجامعية، حتى عرض الامر على هيـــأة تحديد المرجع التابعة لمحكمة التمييز العراقية فأصدرت قرارها رقم 1 لسنة 2022 , الذي كيّف هذه العلاقة على وفق لمنطلقات قانونية وجدها منسجمة مع الواقع، ونحن في هذا الصدد خصصنا بحثنا لمناقشة هذا الرأي من الجوانب القانونية ذاتها التي انطلقت منها هيـــأة تحديد المرجع لبيان مدى انسجام القرار الأخير مع الحقيقة القانونية, وما هو تأثيره في حقوق والتزامات عضو الهيـــأة التدريسية في الجامعات والكليات الأهلية.
حق الموظف العام في الدفاع عن نفسه أثناء التحقيق الإداري – دراسة في التشريع العراقي -
Authors: العباسي كرار حليم حسن , حسين اصعيصع عبد
Published: January 2024

إن الوظيفة الرئيسية للقانون هي التوفيق بين مصلحة الافراد العامة  من جهة و مصالح الجماعة من جهة أخرى.وبالنظر الى أهمية وجلالة الوظيفة العامة في الدولة، وما يقوم به شاغليها من دور كبير يخدم المجتمع وأفراده. نجد الدولة ـــ من خلال تشريعاتها ـــ قد أحاطت موظفيها بضمانات عديدة عند محاسبتهم نضباطياً عن أعمال مخالفة للقانون نُسبت إليهمْ ، وكان حق الموظف في الدفاع عن نفسه ضد التهم المنسوب اليه ارتكابها يُعد العمود الفقري لتلك الضمانات،  بعدّه حقاً دستورياً ورد النص عليه في المادة (19 / رابعاً ) من دستور العراقي بالنص على أن: (( حق الدفاع مقدس ومكفول في جميع مراحل التحقيق والمحاكمة))، وقانونياً أشارت اليه التشريعات الادارية اضافة الى الدور الفاعل للقضاء الاداري في تعزيز وإكمال هذا الحق للموظف من خلال استلهام روح العدالة المجردة.

وعلى ضوء ذلك توخى الباحث تسليط الضوء على تعريف حق الدفاع ، والتعرض الى صور حق الدفاع للموظف العام التي جاء بها  المشرّع العراقي في قانون انضباط موظفي الدولة والقطاع العام النافذ رقم (١٤) لسنة ١٩٩١ المعدل ، وما الصور أو المظاهر الاخرى الرئيسية للتعبير عن دفاع الموظف التي لم ينص عليها المشرع العراقي رغم أهميتها ؟ وتناولنا أخيرا بيان الأثر المترتب على إغفال الادارة لحق الموظف في الدفاع عن نفسه اثناء التحقيق معه؟ و مستعرضين دور القضاء العراقي الفاعل في اكمال أوجه النقص التشريعي التي اعتلت النصوص التشريعية المنظمة لهذا الحق.
الاستجوابُ تحتَ تأثِيرِ التنوِيمِ المغْنَاطِيسيّ وأثرهُ في حريّة المتهمِ "بحث مقارن"
Authors: ا.م.د مبدر الويس
Published: January 2024

إنَّ التشريع ساير رأي الفقه والقضاء المقارن؛ وذلك بمنع استخدام التنويم المغناطيسي في التحقيق , ففي ألمانيا الاتحـادية يمنع قانون الإجراءات الجنائية أي وسيلة تقيّـد حرية المتهم عن طريق الإجهاد , أو التعذيب , أو التنويم المغناطيسي , وفي الاتحـاد السوفيتي يمنع قانون العقوبات استخدام التنويم المغناطيسي في التحقيق , وفي إيطاليا أحظر تشريع عام 1930 استخدام التنويم المغناطيسي في التحقيق للحصول على اعتراف المتهم , وفي الأرجنتين يرى قانون العقوبات أنَّ استخدام التنويم المغناطيسي يعـدّ نوعاً من أنواع العنف الذي يعاقب عليه القانون .
وفي رأينا : أنَّ استخدام التنويم المغناطيسي في التحقيق مع المتهم للحصول على اعترافات , يعدّ عملاً غير مشروع ؛ لأنَّـه يفقد الإنسان حريته وإرادته , ويدلي المتهم بمعلومات عن طريق الإيحاء الذي يمارسه المنوّم ؛ لذلك تحرم الدول كافة استخدام التنويم المغناطيسي في التحقيق ؛ فهو يشكل قيداً على إرادة المتهم ؛ لذلك فـإنَّ دول العالم كافة شرّعت القوانين التي تمنع استخدام هذا النوع في التحقيق مع المتهم , ولاسيما الدول ذات النظم القانونية المتحضرة ؛ لذلك فـإنَّ استجواب المتهم بواسطة التنويم المغناطيسي للحصول على الاعتراف ترفضه المحاكم جملة وتفصيلاً , فهو محظور استخدامه فقهاً وقضاءً وتشريعاً .
Os novos estudos do letramento no Brasil e a narrativa cinematográfica na aula de língua portuguesa
Authors: Pereira Teixeira Virna , Sirqueira Mendes da Costa Catarina de Sena
Published: January 2024

Em geral, as pesquisas no campo dos Novos Estudos do Letramento, doravante NLS, quando se referem ao contexto educacional brasileiro, privilegiam a microetnografia e a análise de práticas/eventos na qual o texto verbal assume maior protagonismo. Nessa investigação, busca-se, a partir das contribuições dos mais proeminentes autores dos NLS, estabelecer relações entre a apreciação da narrativa cinematográfica nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa e os letramentos sociais. Com efeito, procedeu-se ao cotejamento de trabalhos que propõem o entrecruzamento de práticas envolvendo o artefato fílmico e a língua materna, à luz de orientações baseadas em concepções acerca do letramento (s). Observou-se, destarte, que o uso de narrativas cinematográficas nas escolas brasileiras, segundo os resultados das pesquisas realizadas, é constituído por iniciativas de natureza particular, nas quais se destacam, sobretudo, o engajamento dos estudantes e a ampliação da compreensão leitora. Infere-se, todavia, que a escrita e a oralidade, em um continuum, podem ser aprofundadas nesses eventos escolares, tendo como parâmetro ainda, em termos de política pública, a incorporação institucional das narrativas cinematográficas nas salas de aula, tal como se afigura nos países que compõem a União Europeia.
Examining the mediating impact of intellectual capital between credit appraisal measurement and banks' performance
Authors: Bhatt Tribhuwan Kumar , Wang Wenli , Dang Xinghua
Published: January 2024

After the global financial crisis, the banking industry concentrated on lowering loan losses by implementing an enhanced credit appraisal measurement program, in addition to optimizing profit. Banks focused more on how to maximize its utilization, lower operating costs and loan losses, and increase profitability. A way of conducting business that lowers costs and increases profits, credit appraisal measurement has frameworks that are appropriately connected to the many customer-oriented services provided. The goal of the current study is to look into how intellectual capital affects the performance of Nepali banks and the way that credit appraisal is measured. Its main focus is on the relationship between intellectual capital and bank performance in Nepal. It also highlights how important credit appraisal measurement can be for enhancing bank financial performances. 175 respondents from commercial banks in Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Lalitpur provided the data. A self-administered questionnaire was filled out by participants, which served as the main source of quantitative data for this study. In addition, the data collected via surveys is examined using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results point to a positive correlation between bank performance and credit appraisal measurement. The results show that intellectual capital has an immense impact on bank performance. The results also show that intellectual capital acts as a mediating factor in the relationship between credit appraisal measurement and bank performance. In order to enhance customer satisfaction, fulfill the targeted profitability ratio from credit appraisal measurement, and generate robust financial performance, management should prioritize the appropriate use of intellectual capital.
Kecenderungan Perilaku Narsistik pada Remaja Putri Pengguna Instagram
Authors: Wibowo Wasis Purwo , Arnani Ni Putu Rizky , Rini Hapsari Puspita
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran narsistik pada remaja putri pengguna instagram. Instagram merupakan salah satu media sosial yang dapat membagikan segala kegiatan baik berupa foto, video, dan kata-kata. Perilaku narsistik adalah perilaku cenderung membanggakan diri sendiri secara berlebihan untuk mendapatkan pengakuan dari orang lain. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif terkait memahami kecenderungan perilaku narsisme melaui sosial media instagaram. Partisipan adalah remaja putri Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) berusia 18 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecenderungan perilaku narsistik remaja putri pengguna instagram yaitu suka mengunggah foto maupun video dirinya, menunjukkan kesan dan citra yang baik di dunia maya, bangga dan senang apabila memiliki banyak like dan follower, menunjukkan merasa unggul partisipan merasa jika dirinya menarik dibanding teman-temannya, sensitif terhadap kritikan. Terdapat faktor yang dapat berkontribusi terhadap perilaku kecenderungan narsistik antara lain kurangnya perhatian, pengaruh teman, frekuensi penggunaan media sosial, keinginan untuk menunjukkan eksistensi.
Intervensi Implementasi Budaya Organisasi di Rumah Sakit Jiwa
Authors: Nindhita Vidya
Published: January 2024

Rumah Sakit Jiwa sebagai pilar pelaksana program kesehatan mental, berbasis pada pelayanan sebagai nilai utama. Pelayanan berkaitan erat dengan budaya organisasi dan bagaimana internalisasinya kepada seluruh karyawan Rumah Sakit Jiwa, guna memberikan pelayanan yang maksimal. Ketidakberfungsian budaya menyebabkan kurang dipahami atau ketidakmampuan anggota organisasi dalam menjalin hubungan interpersonal yang baik. Organisasi yang berorientasi jasa pada kenyataanya memiliki kewajiban untuk memberikan pelayanan yang ramah kepada pelanggan. Untuk mendukung pelayanan publik yang lebih baik, maka sebuah organisasi penting untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi budaya organisasi yang ada di dalamnya yang bertujuan orientasi pada pelayanan. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah gambaran budaya organisasi di RSJ S di Jawa Tengah? Intervensi apa yang dapat dilakukan berkaitan dengan budaya organisasi di RSJ S di Jawa Tengah? Metode Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode mixed method dengan kuisioner dan wawancara menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan adanya kendala dalam internalisasi budaya organisasi. Implementasi budaya organisasi dengan program perubahan budaya dapat diterapkan dengan adanya agen-agen budaya guna mencapai tujuan organisasi.
Penanaman Karakter pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar di UPTD SDN Banyuajuh 2
Authors: Putri Qudrotul Laily
Published: January 2024

Sekolah merupakan lembaga pendidikan untuk mendapatkan pembelajaran yang bermanfaat bagi siswa. Salah satu pembelajaran yang bermanfaat diantaranya adalah tentang penanaman karakter. Salah satu faktor pembentuk karakter yaitu berada di sekolah. Pendidikan karakter di Indonesia merupakan Pendidikan yang mengandung nilai-nilai luhur yang berdasarkan budaya bangsa Indonesia sendiri yang bertujuan untuk membentuk dan membina anak menjadi penerus bangsa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara penanaman karakter dan dampak baiknya. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dan mengumpulkan data melalui observasi. Berdasarkan pembiasaan yang dilakukan yaitu siswa mendoakan guru dapat menumbuhkan karakter yang baik antar siswa ke guru. Bukan itu saja tapi juga bisa antar siswa dengan teman temannya. Selain itu juga mendapatkan keberkahan dalam hidupnya. Sehingga siswa tidak sanggup untuk menyakiti hati gurunya. Pembiasaan lainnya yaitu dengan cara peduli lingkungan.
Eksplorasi Kearifan Lokal Pesisir Onjhem Terhadap Materi IPS SD
Authors: Rafiyanzah Rafiyanzah , Pritasari Ade Cyntia , Jannah Ana Naimatul
Published: January 2024

Onjhem merupakan sebuah perangkap ikan yang terbuat dari bambu dan daun pohon kelapa yang di tanam di kedalaman laut antara 15 sampai 25 meter. Hal ini bisa menjadi salah satu pemanfatan kearifan  lokal masyarakat untuk dijadikan sebuah potensi untuk di integrasikan ke dalam sebuah pembelajaran IPS SD. Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial merupakan sebuah mata Pelajaran yang terpadu dari ilmu-ilmu sosial dan kemanusiaan yang memiliki peranan penting dalam mewujudkan dan mengembangkan warga negara yang baik khususnya bagi para generasi muda agar mereka mampu membuat keputusan yang rasional yang berguna bagi kehidupan saat bermasyarakat nanti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan potensi apa saja yang bisa digali pada Kearifan Lokal onjhem diintegerasikan ke dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial pada sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang dilakukan untuk mencari ide-ide untuk mencari hubungan gejala yang diteliti dan untuk mengetahui bentuk dari hubungan tersebut. Hasil yang dilakukan menujukkan potensi kearifan lokal onjhem bisa di integrasikan ke dalam tiga capaian pembelajaran IPS yaitu mengidentifikasi ragam bentang alam dan keterkaitannya dengan profesi masyarakat, mendeskripsikan keragaman budaya, kearifan lokal dan upaya pelestariannya, serta mengenal keragaman budaya,kearifan lokal, sejarah di provinsi tempat tinggalnya serta menghubungkan dengan konteks kehidupan saat ini.
Budapesttől Krakkóig
Authors: Kinga-Marjatta Papp
Published: January 2024

A közép-kelet-európai régió 2023-ban másodszor adott otthont a Lutheránus Világszövetség (LVSZ) legmagasabb döntéshozatali fórumának. A tanulmány az 1984-es budapesti nagygyűlés óta megtett út és a világszövetség-történet néhány kiemelt elemét vizsgálja közép-keleteurópai szempontból. A régió és a magyar evangélikus szerepvállalás rövid ismertetését követően a szerző a nagygyűlés kettős funkciójának megfelelően részletesen kitér mind a „közgyűlési” feladatok (választások, teológiai és közéleti állásfoglalások), mind a két alkalom liturgikus életének összevetésére. A 2023-as nagygyűlés sajátosságai közül kiemelt szerepet kap az auschwitz-birkenaui látogatás gondolatköre és az evangélikus–katolikus párbeszéd az új reformáció útján.
Les aidants en emploi au Canada : Recueil de fiches infographiques
Authors: Fast Jane , Magnaye Andrew , Eales Jacquie , Kim Choong
Published: January 2024

Nous sommes heureux d’annoncer la parution de notre toute dernière copublication sur les aidants en emploi au Canada, produite en partenariat avec le Programme de recherche sur les politiques et les pratiques relatives au vieillissement (RAPP). Ce recueil présente six fiches infographiques, chacune offrant un aperçu de divers aspects de la prestation de soins, ainsi que de la valeur et de la contribution des aidants familiaux au Canada. Les fiches infographiques présentées dans cette ressource mettent en relief l’importante contribution des aidants en emploi au bien-être de leur famille, à leur milieu de travail ainsi qu’à la société dans son ensemble. Elles démontrent en outre que le soutien aux aidants en emploi présente des avantages pour les entreprises, l’accès à des modalités de travail flexibles étant favorable à la fidélisation des talents, à la réduction des coûts de rotation du personnel, et plus encore.
Ludwig’s angina. Case presentation
Authors: Quetzal Miguel Ricardo , Soler González Jorge
Published: January 2024

Ludwig's angina is an infectious disease that mainly affects the floor of the mouth. It is frequently produced by abscesses of the second and third molars; It has an insidious beginning, so it should be considered, since if the diagnosis is delayed it can have fatal consequences. The case of a 26-yearold male patient diagnosed with Ludwig's angina is presented. He receives medical treatment and surgical drainage of the abscess, with a good, uneventful outcome. Appropriate medical and surgical intervention was essential for the successful outcome of this patient, especially to prevent airway obstruction and other serious complications.
Morbimortalidad en pacientes con Covid-19 que requirieron soporte ventilatorio. Western Regional Hospital. Belmopan
Authors: Sierra Ortega Yosmel Gonzalo
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La pandemia de Covid-19 representó un reto para todos los países. Las situaciones más complejas surgieron en aquellos escenarios de grandes brotes donde las capacidades del sistema de salud fueron sobrepasadas por las necesidades de atención médica, especialmente en las UCI. Objetivo: Describir la morbimortalidad del paciente con Covid-19 que requirió soporte ventilatorio en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos para Covid-19 del Western Regional Hospital, Belmopan, desde diciembre de 2021 a febrero de 2022. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo en 86 pacientes. Las variables estudiadas fueron edad, sexo, enfermedades concomitantes, tipo de soporte ventilatorio, estadía hospitalaria de los pacientes que fallecieron y estado al egreso. Resultados: El 46.5 % de los pacientes se registró en el mes de enero de 2022; predominó el sexo masculino (68.6 %) y con edades entre 46 y 55 años (33.7 %). La diabetes mellitus y la hipertensión arterial fueron las comorbilidades más frecuentes. La mayoría de los pacientes recibió alto flujo de oxígeno por cánula nasal como modalidad de ventilación no invasiva sin requerir intubación orotraqueal o traqueostomía (59, 68.6 %). La mortalidad general fue del 16.3 %. La mayoría de los pacientes egresaron directamente a su domicilio. Conclusiones: A pesar de haber sido creada de forma emergente y con limitados recursos humanos especializados, la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos para la atención a pacientes graves positivos a la Covid-19 del Western Regional Hospital contribuyó a cubrir las necesidades de atención durante la etapa más crítica de la pandemia en Belice.
Sistema de clasificación en consulta de respiratorio desde las perspectivas de enfermería. Policlínica Matron Roberts
Authors: Lluch Bonet Adalberto , Domínguez Padrón Adria Elena , Karl Jones
Published: January 2024

Introducción: El “triage respiratorio en atención primaria” es de vital importancia en la identificación de pacientes con signos y síntomas de enfermedad respiratoria con sospecha de COVID-19, pues persigue disminuir el riesgo de contagio y el tiempo de espera en la atención. Objetivo: Mostrar los resultados del Sistema de clasificación (triage) respiratorio desde las perspectivas de enfermería en la policlínica Matron Roberts de la Ciudad de Belice. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio preliminar de corte longitudinal retrospectivo, que abarcó el periodo comprendido entre abril de 2020 y marzo de 2022, utilizando los registros estadísticos de casos atendidos en esa etapa. Resultados: Entre abril de 2020 y marzo de 2022, en la clínica de respiratorio Matron Roberts se observaron picos de síntomas y signos respiratorios en diciembre 2021 y enero de 2022, en correspondencia con el aumento de casos de COVID-19 a nivel nacional, a su vez se constató el accionar de enfermería en el cumplimiento de los protocolos del triage respiratorio. Conclusiones: La atención en el triage a personas con afecciones respiratorias, mostró un comportamiento significativo de casos sospechas de COVID-19, donde se reconoce la vital importancia del accionar de enfermería en el proceso de clasificación.
Reform of Teaching Methods in Auditing: Design of Blended Online and Offline Teaching
Authors: Chen Jin
Published: January 2024

In the era of "Internet plus", information technology has changed the accounting environment, and the accounting profession has undergone subversive changes. In this context, the key issues that need to be addressed in curriculum and teaching reform are how to match the course content with the knowledge, abilities, and literacy of current graduates, how to use internet platforms to innovate teaching methods, reform assessment and evaluation systems, and change students' learning habits. Implement student-centered approach. The content of auditing is relatively obscure and difficult to understand. This article aims to reform teaching methods and use a blended online and offline teaching approach, in order to make students truly the main body of the classroom, improve their participation in teaching, and cultivate their ability to think independently.
Salt-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction for determination of haloperidol in human plasma by LC-MS/MS
Authors: Al Selen , Kul Aykut , Sagirli Olcay
Published: January 2024

Haloperidol is an antipsychotic used in the treatment of schizophrenia. Compared to other antipsychotics, it is widely used in developing countries due to its affordable price. Haloperidol has a narrow therapeutic range and variable pharmacokinetics; therefore, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended. For this reason, in this study, an easily applicable, fast, selective, accurate, reliable, and economical LC-MS/MS method was developed for the determination of haloperidol in human plasma for use in TDM and also method was validated according to European Medicines Agency (EMA) Bioanalytical method validation guidelines. In the developed method, analyte and internal standard were extracted from plasma by salt-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (SALLME) technique and after that injected to the LC system. The limit of quantification of haloperidol was determined as 1 ng/ml. The calibration curve was validated between 1-15 ng/ml, with correlation coefficients >0.99. In addition, the developed method was used to determine drug concentration levels in the plasma of real patients.
Stable and high voltage and power output of CEA-MFCs internally connected in series (iCiS-MFC)
Authors: Fan Yanzhen , Janicek Anthony , Liu Hong
Published: January 2024

The voltage output of a single MFC is normally less than 0.8 V, often less than 0.3 V at maximum power output, which greatly limits the application of MFCs.  When MFCs are scaled up, however, increasing reactor size has typically resulted in decreased power density.  In this study, we developed a novel MFC configuration that contains multiple cloth electrode assemblies in which the MFCs were internally connected in series (iCiS-MFC). The iCiS-MFC, equivalent to 3 CEA-MFCs, produced a high voltage output over 1.8 V and a maximum power density of 3.5 W m-2 using carbon cloth cathodes containing activated carbon as the catalyst. This power density is 6% higher than that reported for a similar smaller CEA-MFC, indicating that power can be maintained during scale-up with a greater than 33-fold increase in total cathode surface area and greater than 20-fold increase in reactor volume. High stability was also demonstrated based on the performance of the iCiS-MFC over a period of one year of operation.  The high power and stability is likely due, in part, to a more efficient means of current collection through the internal series connection, which also avoids the use of expensive current collectors. These results clearly demonstrate the great potential of this MFC design for further scaling-up.
Literature Review: Media Pembelajaran Augmented Reality (AR) Sebagai Inovasi di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Leliavia Leliavia
Published: January 2024

Dunia terus mengalami perkembangan, dimulai dari era revolusi industri 1.0 hingga era revolusi industri 4.0. seiring dengan perubahan era yang terjadi secara cepat, dunia pendidikan juga mengalami perubahan, terjadi pergeseran paradigma yang sangat mendasar. Untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan di era ini, diperlukan media yang mampu memanfaatkan ciri khas revolusi industri 4.0 yang ditandai dengan pemanfaatan teknologi, era digital serta bantuan jaringan atau dikenal istilah internet of things (IoT). Augmented reality (AR) merupakan suatu media yang memanfaatkan dan menggunakan teknologi, internet of things (IoT) dan digital dalam memadukan objek yang tidak nyata dan abstrak menjadi virtual sehingga Augmented reality (AR) dapat digunakan sebagai sebuah media dalam kegiatan pembelajaran untuk memenuhi paradigma pembelajaran di era revolusi indutri 4.0. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji Augmented reality (AR) sebagai sebuah media di era revolusi industri 4.0. metode yang digunakan berupa literature review. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan review artikel mengenai “Media Pembelajaran Augmented Reality (AR) Sebagai Inovasi Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0” yang memiliki penelitian serupa dengan penelitian ini. Artikel yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 20 artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional yang dihimpun melalui aplikasi publish or perish 8 dan ditelusuri melalui google schoolar. Berdasarkan analisis pada artikel, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa teknologi Augmented Reality (AR) yang semula digunakan dalam permainan seluler dengan sistem realitas virtual, melalui modifikasi dan penyesuaian dapat menjadi jawaban untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di era revolusi industri 4.0 Hal ini terbukti dengan meningkatnya hasil belajar peserta didik serta meningkatnya pola kemampuan peserta didik dalam mengkonstruk pengetahuan berdasarkan pengalaman belajarnya setelah menggunakan media Augmented Reality (AR).
বঙ্গবন্ধু হত্যাকান্ড ও বাংলাদেশের রাজনীতির আদর্শিক পরিবর্তন: একটি পর্যালোচনা
Authors: গাইন অমল কুমার
Published: January 2024

একটি জাতিরাষ্ট্র হিসেবে দক্ষিণ-পূর্ব এশিয়ার এই অঞ্চলে বাংলাদেশের অভ্যুদয় যে মূর্ত হয়ে উঠেছে তার কৃতিত্ব অবশ্যই শেখ মুজিবুর রহমানের। ‘৫২ এর ভাষা আন্দোলনের মাধ্যমে যে জাতীয়তাবাদী চেতনার জন্ম, ’৬৬ এর ৬-দফা, ‘৬৮ এর আগরতলা ষড়যন্ত্র মামলা, ’৬৯ এর গণঅভ্যুত্থান, ’৭০ এর নির্বাচনে তা শক্তিশালী রূপ পেয়ে ’৭১ এর মহান মুক্তিসংগ্রামের মধ্য দিয়ে তা চূড়ান্ত সফলতা পায়। এই দীর্ঘ পথযাত্রায় বাঙালির স্বপ্নের সারথি, বঙ্গবন্ধু শেখ মুজিবুর রহমান। তিনি ছিলেন হাজার বছর ধরে এ জনপদের ভাগ্যবঞ্চিত মানুষের একমাত্র প্রতিনিধি। জাতিরাষ্ট্র গঠনের পর খেতাব পেয়েছিলেন জাতির পিতা। কিন্তু নিয়তির নির্মম পরিহাস, সেই জাতির পিতাকে ’৭৫ এর ১৫ আগস্ট নির্মমভাবে নিহত হতে হয়, কতিপয় বাঙালি সেনাসদস্যের হাতে। প্রকৃত বিচারে এই হত্যাকান্ডটি যতটা ছিল রাজনৈতিক তার চেয়ে বেশি ছিল আদর্শিক। খুনিরা একটি বড় পাকিস্তান ভেঙ্গে ছোট পাকিস্তান চেয়েছিল, তারা মুজিবের রাষ্ট্রীয় আদর্শকে কোনোভাবেই মেনে নিতে পারেনি। সপরিবারে জতির জনকের হত্যাকান্ডটি ছিল সমুদ্রে ভাসমান হিমশৈলের মতো, যার কিছু অংশ দৃশ্যমান হলেও অদেখা থেকে যায় বিশাল অংশ। আপাতদৃষ্টিতে দেশে এই নির্মম হত্যাকান্ডের রাজনৈতিক নেতৃত্ব দেয় খোন্দকার মোস্তাক গং, সেনাসদস্যরা ছিল ঘাতকের ভূমিকায়। কিন্তু আন্তর্জাতিক ষড়যন্ত্র-চক্রান্ত ছাড়া যে এতবড় হত্যাকান্ড সম্ভব নয়, সেটি এখন অনেকটা পরিষ্কার। ১৫ আগস্টের এই নির্মম হত্যাকান্ডের পর দেশ আবার পিছন দিকে চলতে শুরু করে, ঘটতে থাকে আদর্শিক বিপর্যয়। যে চেতনা নিয়ে বাঙালি মুক্তিযুদ্ধ করে, যে মূলনীতির উপর ভর করে রাষ্ট্রের পথচলা শুরু হয় ‘৭৫ এর ১৫ আগস্টের পরে তা স্রেফ উধাও হয়ে যায়। কথিত গণতন্ত্রের নামে শুরু হয় স্বৈরতন্ত্র, সামরিকতন্ত্র, হত্যা-গুমের রাজনীতি, রাজনীতিতে সহনশীলতার পরিবর্তে হানাহানি। ভাগ্যবঞ্চিত বাঙালির স্বপ্ন ছিনতাই হলো। ’৪৭ এর মতো আরো একবার প্রতারিত হলো এ জনপদের মানুষ।
শওকত ওসমানের জীবনবোধ ও ছোটগল্পের প্রকাশ-কৌশল
Authors: কোরাইশী মোঃ আল-মামুন
Published: January 2024

বাংলা কথাসাহিত্যে শওকত ওসমান একটি উজ্জ্বল নাম। শওকত ওসমান কথাসাহিত্যে তাঁর প্রাতিস্বিক শিল্পদৃষ্টিতে বিশিষ্ট। তাঁর তীক্ষ্ণ রসবোধ, সমাজ সচেতনতার সাথে রাজনৈতিক বিষয়গুলোকে অঙ্গীভূত করে দেখার দৃষ্টি, বিষয়নির্বাচন ও নির্ভীক উচ্চারণ তাঁকে বাংলা ছোটগল্পে একটি পৃথক আসন দান করেছে। জীবনচলার পথের বিচিত্র অভিজ্ঞতা, যাপিত জীবনের অসংখ্য চিত্র, সমাজ-রাষ্ট্রের বুকে ঘটে যাওয়া বহুবিধ ঘটনা তাঁর ছোটগল্পে শৈল্পিকরূপ ধারণ করেছে। তাঁর ছোটগল্প জীবনের বহু বিচিত্র বিষয়কে আত্মস্থ করেছে। সন্ধানী পরিব্রাজকের সংবেদনশীল দৃষ্টিতে শওকত ওসমান মানবজীবন ও সমাজ চৈতন্যের নানা প্রান্তকে উন্মোচন করেছেন। জাতীয় চেতনাবোধ,ব্যক্তিগত ও সামাজিক জীবনবোধ থেকে উদ্ভাবিত প্রতিভা এবং তা প্রয়োগের সঠিক কৌশল, যেমন তাঁর প্রাগ্রসর জীবনচেতনাকে প্রতিভাসিত করেছে, তেমনি তাঁর গল্পগ্রন্থের গল্পগুলো এক স্বতন্ত্র মহিমা লাভ করেছে। আর বিষয়ের স্বাতন্ত্র্য, চরিত্রায়ণের কৌশল, স্বতন্ত্র ভাষারীতি এবং উপস্থাপনার সাবলীলতার কারণে শওকত ওসমানের গল্পগ্রন্থের গল্পগুলো হয়ে উঠেছে শিল্পসফল ও শিল্পসমৃদ্ধ।
KENAN HULUSİ KORAY'IN HİKÂYELERİNDE KADIN TEMASI
Authors: Akbaş Onur
Published: January 2024

Bir edebi eleştiri yaklaşımı olarak Feminist yaklaşım da edebiyat ve sosyal hayat ilişkisinin en önemli göstergesidir. Toplumda tarih boyu kadın – erkek kutuplaşması edebi metinlere hem içerik hem de üslup olarak yansımıştır. Bu da edebi eserleri kadın algısı merkezinde okuma ve yorumlama ihtiyacını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu okumalarda yazarın kadına yaklaşımını belirleme söz konusu olduğunda bu okumaların kapsamının ne olduğu da önemli hale gelmiştir. Zira bazı feminist okumalar bir yazarın birkaç metninden yola çıkarak yazarın niyetini bu bağlamda olumlama ya da olumsuz olarak değerlendirme yoluna gitmiştir. Bu sağlıklı bir yöntem değildir. Zira bir yazarın kadın algısına dair geniş bir yargıya varmak için onun eserlerine, yaşamına ve edebi kişiliğine bütünlüklü olarak yaklaşmayı gerekli kılar. Kenan Hulusi Koray’ın bütün eserleri yukarıdaki kriterler bağlamında okunduğunda, kadın söz konusu olduğu zaman birden fazla Kenan Hulusi ile karşılaşıldı. Bu sonuç da yukarıdaki yargıyı doğrulamıştır. Bir iki örnek metin üzerinden bir yazarın kadına dair görüşleri ile ilgili genel bir yargıya varılamaz.
Diritto, politica, religione.
Authors: Fargnoli Iole
Published: January 2024

Il mutamento religioso, ma anche sociale e culturale prodotto dall’avvento del Cristianesimo obbligò gli imperatori romani ad affrontare, a partire dal III secolo, la questione della pluralità delle fedi e delle identità. Nei saggi qui raccolti, relativi in particolare alla produzione normativa di Decio, Graziano e Teodosio, emerge quanto l’orientamento legislativo dei singoli imperatori fosse ispirato – più che a granitiche convinzioni personali o a una visione lungimirante – a scelte politiche contingenti e dettate dal pragmatismo che consentiva loro, nella sfida che è della politica di ogni tempo, di dare risposte immediate a problemi concreti.
La lex Iulia de pecuniis repetundis nell’interpretazione dei giuristi del principato
Authors: Pietrini Stefania
Published: January 2024

Nei frammenti degli scritti dei giuristi di età antonina e severiana tramandati dalla compilazione giustinianea si trova il ricordo della lex Iulia de pecuniis repetundis approvata nel 59 a.C. su proposta di Cesare. Varie sono le modifiche cui la normativa cesariana andò incontro nell’epoca del principato. Attraverso l’interpretazione giurisprudenziale si allargò il numero dei soggetti in astratto incriminabili. A ciò si accompagnò la nascita di un nuovo illecito: l’intervento di un’estorsione, in particolare mediante il ricorso a una minaccia o all’induzione di uno stato di paura nella vittima, determinò in relazione almeno a qualche fattispecie lo spostamento del comportamento illecito dalla sfera delle repetundae a quella del crimine straordinario della concussio, come ben testimoniano le riflessioni di Macro. A interpretazioni estensive andò incontro il divieto dei donativi cui rimandano alcuni passi delle nostre fonti. Altre informazioni circa la disciplina dettata dalla lex Iulia e dalle successive estensioni del suo campo di applicazione si ritrovano inoltre in alcuni passi delle Pauli Sententiae noti per lo più attraverso il Fragmentum di Leida. Accanto a una nuova analisi di questo fascio di testimonianze l’indagine offre una nuova ipotesi ricostruttiva del lacunoso Fr. Leid. 7 che riguarda la condanna del colpevole del crimen alla restituzione di quanto fosse stato illecitamente versato.
Enhanced industrial text classification via hyper variational graph-guided global context integration
Authors: Zhang Geng , Hu Jianpeng
Published: January 2024

Background

Joint local context that is primarily processed by pre-trained models has emerged as a prevailing technique for text classification. Nevertheless, there are relatively few classification applications on small sample of industrial text datasets.

Methods

In this study, an approach of employing global enhanced context representation of the pre-trained model to classify industrial domain text is proposed. To achieve the application of the proposed technique, we extract primary text representations and local context information as embeddings by leveraging the BERT pre-trained model. Moreover, we create a text information entropy matrix through statistical computation, which fuses features to construct the matrix. Subsequently, we adopt BERT embedding and hyper variational graph to guide the updating of the existing text information entropy matrix. This process is subjected to iteration three times. It produces a hypergraph primary text representation that includes global context information. Additionally, we feed the primary BERT text feature representation into capsule networks for purification and expansion as well. Finally, the above two representations are fused to obtain the final text representation and apply it to text classification through feature fusion module.

Results

The effectiveness of this method is validated through experiments on multiple datasets. Specifically, on the CHIP-CTC dataset, it achieves an accuracy of 86.82% and an F1 score of 82.87%. On the CLUEEmotion2020 dataset, the proposed model obtains an accuracy of 61.22% and an F1 score of 51.56%. On the N15News dataset, the accuracy and F1 score are 72.21% and 69.06% respectively. Furthermore, when applied to an industrial patent dataset, the model produced promising results with an accuracy of 91.84% and F1 score of 79.71%. All four datasets are significantly improved by using the proposed model compared to the baselines. The evaluation result of the four dataset indicates that our proposed model effectively solves the classification problem.
phytools 2.0: an updated R ecosystem for phylogenetic comparative methods (and other things)
Authors: Revell Liam J.
Published: January 2024

Phylogenetic comparative methods comprise the general endeavor of using an estimated phylogenetic tree (or set of trees) to make secondary inferences: about trait evolution, diversification dynamics, biogeography, community ecology, and a wide range of other phenomena or processes. Over the past ten years or so, thephytoolsR package has grown to become an important research tool for phylogenetic comparative analysis.phytoolsis a diverse contributed R library now consisting of hundreds of different functions covering a variety of methods and purposes in phylogenetic biology. As of the time of writing,phytoolsincluded functionality for fitting models of trait evolution, for reconstructing ancestral states, for studying diversification on trees, and for visualizing phylogenies, comparative data, and fitted models, as well numerous other tasks related to phylogenetic biology. Here, I describe some significant features of and recent updates tophytools, while also illustrating several popular workflows of thephytoolscomputational software.
Determinants of asthma among adults in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: a facility-based case-control study
Authors: Gebresillasie Tirhas G. , Worku Alemayehu , Ahmed Ahmed Ali , Kabeta Negussie Deyessa
Published: January 2024

Background

Asthma is a public health concern affecting millions of productive age groups. Several studies were conducted on the determinants of asthma in children. However, little is known about the determinants of asthma among adults in Ethiopia. Understanding the determinants of asthma among adults can help reduce its burden. This study was aimed at identifying determinant factors for developing asthma among adults in Tigray hospitals.

Methods

A facility-based, unmatched case-control study design was conducted from January 1 to April 26, 2019. A total of 698 participants (228 cases and 470 controls) completed their guided interviews using structured and pretested questionnaires by trained data collectors. A modified standard questionnaire from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey II (ECRHS II) was used to collect the data. The case definition was patients having asthma, and the control definition was patients without asthma. Data were entered and cleaned using Epi Data Manager Version 3.1 software and imported to statistical packages for social sciences Version 25 software for analysis. To identify asthma determinants, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted.

Results

The response rate for both cases and controls was 95.9%. The odds of developing asthma was nearly twice higher among those who resided in urban (AOR = 1.68; 95% CI [1.13–2.50]), more than twice higher among those who have income less than 1000 ETB (AOR = 2.3; 95% CI [1.17–4.56]), twice higher among those who had history of skin allergy (AOR = 2.09; 95% CI [1.14–3.86]), over four times higher among those with family history of asthma (AOR = 4.26; 95% CI [2.63–6.91]), three times higher among those having house dust or smoke exposure (AOR = 3.01; 95% CI [1.96–4.64]), over five times higher among those lifetime firewood users (AOR = 5.39; 95% CI [3.34–8.72]), door opening while cooking (AOR = 0.35; 95% CI [0.26–0.55]), nearly two times higher among those having house dampness (AOR = 1.98; 95% CI [1.069–3.68]), over seven times higher among pet owners (AOR = 7.46; 95% CI [4.04–13] and almost twice higher among those who were physically inactive (AOR = 1.75; 95% CI [1.11–2.85]).

Conclusion

Asthma has been associated with urbanization, low income, a history of allergic diseases, indoor smoke or dust, firewood use, pet ownership, and a sedentary lifestyle. The community should be informed about the known risks and implement preventive steps like opening a door while cooking to lower the risk of asthma.
Development of Mediation Attitude Scale: Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: KARADUMAN Pelin , ÇETİN Münevver
Published: January 2024

Arabuluculuk iş, toplum, sosyal hayat, okul ortamında anlaşmazlıkların çözümünde sıklıkla kullanılmakla birlikte arabulucu kişilerin özellikleri ve davranışları konusunda tam bir liste oluşturulamamış ve eksikliği yaşanmaktadır. Bu
çalışmanın amacı öğretmenlerin arabuluculuk tutumlarını belirlemeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu İstanbul’da devlet okullarında görev yapan öğretmenler oluşturmaktadır.
Ölçeği geliştirmek için 47 madde oluşturulmuş ve uzman görüşü alınmıştır. Uzman görüşü sonrası altı madde atılmış ve 41 maddelik taslak form hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan ölçek 5’li likert tipindedir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi için
302, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi için farklı bir 463 kişilik örneklemle çalışılmıştır. Yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizinde ölçeğin dört faktörlü yirmi beş maddelik yapıda olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. 4 faktörlü ölçeğin açıkladığı toplam
varyans %64.137’dir. Maddelerin ayırt ediciliğine karar vermek için %27’lik alt ve üst gruplara göre test edilmiş ve tüm maddeler için anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.01). Açımlayıcı faktör analizinde ulaşılan yapı sonrasında doğrulayıcı
faktör analiziyle de doğrulanmıştır. Ölçeğin boyutlarına ve geneline ait Cronbach alfa katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Böylece ölçeğin alt boyutlarının ve ölçek genelinin güvenilir olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ölçek genelinin Cronbach
alfa katsayısı 0,937 bulunmuştur. DFA sonrası Fornell Larcker Kriteri ile ayrışma geçerliliği hesaplanmış ve DFA modeli için ayrışma geçerliliğinin sağlandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca geliştirilen ölçek için test tekrar test yöntemi
kullanılmış ve test tekrar test yöntemine göre de güvenilir olduğu bulunmuştur (r=0,936 p<0.01). Elde edilen sonuçlar geliştirilen ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğunu göstermektedir. Geliştirilen ölçeğin kişilerin arabuluculuk
tutumlarını belirlemede ve arabulucu kişileri seçmede kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.
The Effect of Skills Development Based Teaching Applications on Graph Drawing and Interpretation Skills
Authors: NAMAL Remzi , AKSOY Bülent
Published: January 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı sosyal bilgiler öğretiminde beceri öğretim basamaklarına uygun olarak tasarlanan beceri öğretimi temelli etkinliklerin yer aldığı öğretim uygulamalarının öğrencilerinin grafik çizme ve yorumlama becerisine etkisini
ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma, Marmara bölgesideki bir ilde 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında altıncı sınıfta öğrenim gören ve intact atamayla belirlenen 30 öğrencinin katılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma, nicel yaklaşım kapsamında
tek grup sontest deneysel desen modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Deney grubu öğrencilerinin grafik okuryazarlığı düzeylerini belirlenirken, öğrencilerin grafik türü değişkenine göre becerileri, grafik çizme değişkenine göre becerileri
ve grafik yorumlama değişkenine göre becerileri esas alınmıştır. Araştırma, altıncı sınıf sosyal bilgiler dersindeki yeryüzünde yaşam, ülkemizin kaynakları ile ülkemiz ve dünya üniteleri kapsamında, grafik okuryazarlığı ile bağlantılı
olan beş adet kazanım, üç hafta ve dokuz ders saati süre ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Araştırma süresince, ortaokul altıncı sınıf seviyesinde en yaygun kullanılan temel grafik türlerinin yer aldığı, sosyal bilgiler dersinin grafikler
ile ilgili muhtevasını içeren, beceri öğretim basamaklarına uygun olarak tasarlanmış etkinliklerden oluşan öğretim uygulamaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Grafik okuryazarlığı düzeyi belirleme etkinlikleri, grafik çizme becerisini belirleme
ve grafik yorumlama becerisini belirleme sıralamasına göre uygulanmıştır. Araştırmaya veri toplamak amacıyla araştırmacının geliştirdiği “Grafik Çizme ve Yorumlama Beceri Kontrol Listesi (GÇYB-KL)” ölçeği tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmayla
elde edilen verilerin analiz edilmesi için yüzde, frekans, aritmetik ortalamayla tek faktör üstünde tekrarlı ölçümler için iki faktörlü ANOVA (repeated measures) testi tercih edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, deney grubu öğrencilerinin
grafik okuryazarlığı düzeylerinin grafik türü, grafik çizme becerisi ve grafik yorumlama becerisi değişkenlerine bağlı olarak farklılık gösterdiğini ortaya çıkarmıştır.