bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy Orthogonal Optimization for Determining the Optimal Resistance Spot Welding Parameters
Authors: Gong Liang , Liu Cheng Liang , Yuan Jin , Li Bin Chu
Published: February 2012

Resistance spot welding (RSW) is one of the most commonly used form of manufacturing process. To efficiently search for the optimal RSW parameters in a new welding power control scheme to obtain the maximum tensile strength of welded joints, a design of experiments (DoE) using orthogonal arrays has been conducted. However the lack of success of conventional DoE is attributed to two facts that the weld quality is quantitatively measured and level-based evaluated, and the welding expulsion compromises the continuity of response surface, which is an underlying hypothesis of normal DoE analysis. Hereby a fuzzy analysis methodology for the experimentation design, referred as fuzzy orthogonal experiments (FOE) in this paper, has been proposed. With the fuzzification of factor levels and experimental objectives, the proposed method is able to explore the results of arbitrarily given factors without additional experiments, and identifies the varying tendency under condition of discontinuity experimental responses. The FOE application for a specifically planned RSW process presents a detailed FOE analyzing procedures, and yields the optimal parameter settings. The case study shows that FOE outperforms the traditional orthogonal DoE for its minimized experiment numbers and robust response tendency analysis.
Preparation, Thermal Stability and Electrochemical Properties of LiODFB
Authors: Zhou Hong Ming , Liu Fu Rong , Li Jian
Published: February 2012

Lithium difuoro(axalato)bonate (LiODFB) was synthesized in dimethyl carbonate solvent and purified by the method of solventing-out crystallization. The structure characterization and thermal stability of LiODFB was performed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). LiODFB was exposed to 50% humidity air at 25°C for different time, then dried at 80°C for 12h, and the electrochemical properties of the cells using 1 mol/L dried LiODFB in ethylene carbonate + dimethyl carbonate + ethyl(methyl)carbonate were investigated. The results show that, pure crystallization LiODFB has been obtained; it has good thermal stability with a thermal decomposition temperature of 248°C; exposed to humidity air, it is firstly converted into LiODFB•H2O; with the exposed time increasesing, more and stronger impurity peaks in the XRD patterns of LiODFB are observed, both the discharge specific capacity and the capacity retention decrease gradually
The Partial High Point and the Influence to the Hot Strip Profile Control
Authors: Zheng Xu Tao , Zhang Jie , Li Hong Bo , Li Hui Hui , Su Yi , Su Hai
Published: February 2012

The partial high points, always appearing when the hot strip is being rolled, not only negatively influence the quality of the hot strip, but also make a long term effect on the profile control. Via quantifying and separating the partial high points and analyzing the calculation of the strip crown, we can obtain the calculation method of the error resulted from the high points; then, on the basis of the way that the high points affect the profile and flatness control system, we can present some tactics to lessen the high points’ effect.
Mechanical and Creep Properties of the Cast Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Park Kyung Chul , Kim Byeong Ho , Jo Su Mi , Kim Sang Hyun , Park Yong Ho , Park Ik Min
Published: February 2012

Currently most commercial magnesium alloys are based on the Mg-Al system and it is reasonably well developed. Although the Mg-Al based alloy system has excellent castability and adequate ambient temperature mechanical properties, it shows poor creep resistance. Therefore, our group has focused on finding the way to improve the creep properties of Mg alloys. This paper presents a brief summary of the research achievements in this area recently made by AFML(Advance Functional Materials Lab in PNU, Korea). The properties of newly designed Mg alloys in our group are presented and compared with the properties of commercial A356 alloy.
Measurement of a Void Fraction in Bubbly Gas-Water Two Phase Flows Using Differential Pressure Technique
Authors: Abbas H.A.M. Hasan
Published: February 2012

Multiphase flows, where two or even three fluids flow simultaneously in a pipe are becoming increasingly important in industry. In order to measure the flow rate of gas-water two phase flows accurately, the void fraction (gas volume fraction) in two phase flows must be precisely measured. The differential pressure technique has proven attractive in the measurement of volume fraction. This paper presents the theoretical and experimental study of the void fraction measurement in bubbly gas water two phase flows using differential pressure technique (the flow density meter).
Based on Topology Optimization Method the Cab Mount Bracket Lightweight Design
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Li
Published: February 2012

Abstract. Truck cab mounting bracket is one of very important connecting elements. With the aid of Hyper Works software topology optimization and shape optimization techniques, the article elaborates that after realizing the cab mount bracket, the suspension support reduces weight leading to optimization design of the process. Meanwhile, it unifies the actual stress situation which has made the finite element validation comparison analysis comparing traditional optimization with the topology optimization design. The final results indicate that after weight loss optimized stent significantly reduce stress and the stress distribution is evener. Also, the relatively primary structure quality has obvious reduction which could satisfy the product the operational performance and the foundry technique performance requirement.
The Numerical Simulation on Steam-Water Two-Phase Flow Field of Car Exhaust Pipe
Authors: Yang Chun Mei , Ma Yan
Published: February 2012

The flow field of car exhaust pipe using ethanol gasoline has been researched, the continuity equation of a mixed two-phase model have been established by means of the mathematical model of two-phase flow field, and the simulation for the velocity distribution of droplets radial slipping in exhaust gas have been achieved. By using the divided grid and setting these four boundary conditions as conditions of the entrance, flow conditions at the end of the export, overflow conditions of the export, solid-wall boundary conditions, the iterative steps of calculation process and the relationship among the residuals of various parameters have been obtained. State of exhaust flow have been calculated using algebraic slip model (ASM) ,obtaining the distribution rule of the internal flow field in exhaust pipe for the disconnection of steam-water ,and the characteristics relationship of separation for two-phase flow field of steam-water. The characteristic relationship among flow, split ratio and separation efficiency have been numerically simulated. The existence of the best range of split ratio for a particular exhaust pipe has been confirmed.
Finite Element Analysis of Acetabular Medial Wall Displacement Osteotomy in Adult Acetabular Dysplasia
Authors: Li Dong Song , Li Shu Qiang , Cai Bo , Yang Chen , Liu Jian Guo
Published: February 2012

Objective To look for a suitable displacement range of acetabular medial wall following osteotomy by computer-aided design finite element analysis. Methods SolidWorks 2008 software was used to establish three-dimensional models of acetabular dysplasia pelvis. Acetabular medial wall displacement osteotomy was simulated to make acetabular medial wall bone displace from 2 mm bone contact to 7 mm bone contact in the pelvic cavity. One experimental group was set at 1 mm intervals, totally 10 experimental groups. The acetabulum in each group was split into four quadrants. The prosthesis acetabulum-bone interface in each group was analyzed by computer simulation contrast mechanics experiment. The Mises stress and shear stress values were measured between acetabular prosthesis and bone interface. Results In groups 1, 5, 6, 9 and 10, the Mises stress was unevenly distributed in posterior inferior, anterior superior and anterior inferior quadrants. In groups 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8, the Mises stress was evenly distributed in posterior inferior, anterior superior and anterior inferior quadrants. Of them, the stress was most even in the group 4. In groups 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8, the shear stress was evenly distributed in the above-mentioned three quadrants. The shear stress was lowest in the groups 7 and 8. These indicate that joint force in the acetabulum mainly focused in the posterior superior quadrant. With the displacement of acetabular cup, the contact area of acetabular cup and bone would gradually increase, which finally increased the Mises stress in the contact surface. However, shear stress decreased with displacement of acetabular medial wall. Conclusion the suitable displacement range of acetabular medial wall osteotomy is 1 mm away from the pelvic cavity and 1 mm complete embolism in the pelvic cavity. The optimal position was 1 mm complete embolism in the pelvic cavity.
The Propulsion Mechanism with Logarithmic Spiral Profile Shaft Connection
Authors: Luo You Xin , Li Heng Shu , Wen Hui Jun , Zhou Yu
Published: February 2012

This paper deals with the existing propulsion mechanism, analyzes the disadvantages of the flat key and the spline, studies the features of the logarithmic spiral profile shaft connection. In an existing chain propulsion mechanism, we change the fit of the inner hole of sprocket gear and the outer circle of intermediate shaft to get a logarithmic spiral profile shaft connection(a keyless joint), then introduce the propulsion mechanism with logarithmic spiral profile shaft connection. At last, applying Solidworks2010 software，we create the three-dimensional modeling of the propulsion mechanism, which would lay a solid foundation for the further study. This new propulsion mechanism has such advantages as self- centralizing, easy disassembly, low stress concentration, with a simple fit cross-section, transmitting big torque, suitable for the heavy loads of rock drilling.
The Propulsion Mechanism with Cosine Tooth Profile Shaft Connection
Authors: Luo You Xin , Li Heng Shu , Wen Hui Jun , Zhou Yu
Published: February 2012

This paper consists of research for actuality of propulsion mechanism, analysis of the disadvantage of flat key and spline, and analysis of features of the cosine tooth profile shaft connection. Based on existing chain propulsion mechanism, the propulsion mechanism with cosine tooth profile shaft connection is introduced, in which the cosine tooth profile shaft connection without key is composed of inner hole of sprocket gear and the outer circle of intermediate shaft with cosine tooth profile. The three-dimensional modeling is made by Solidworks2010 for the propulsion mechanism with cosine tooth profile shaft connection and provides fundamental base for the further research and application. This new propulsion mechanism has such advantages as self-centralizing, easy disassembly, low stress concentration, with a simple fit cross-section, transmitting big torque, suitable for the heavy loads of rock drilling
Explicit Expression of Stresses Field in Semi-Infinite Elastic Solid
Authors: Ge Shu Qing , Wu Rui , Wang Bao Liang
Published: February 2012

Semi-infinite elastic solid is a classical mechanics subject. Recently, the subject has been researched on various ways. Under different loading conditions, various solutions were given by researchers. But their results are more complicated and expressed in implicit equations. Due to the limitations of their results, the explicit function of stresses filed at given conditions is given by the use of numerical analytical method, 3D finite-element method and 3D fitting equation software. The applicability of the proposed approach has been verified by the use of Boussinesq’s solution. The result shows that the proposed approach presented in this paper can not only be applied to deal with semi-infinite elastic solid subject, but also be suitable for damage evaluation and life prediction of semi-infinite elastic solid under special conditions.
Design of Stress Monitoring and Safety Assessment System for Crane Metal Structure Based on Virtual Instrument
Authors: Meng Wen Jun , Hong Tian Wei
Published: February 2012

The paper established the whole system for stress monitoring and safety assessment of metal structure aimed at kinds of cranes, based on LabVIEW software platform. Introduced function and composition of each subsystem in detail. The system consists of data acquisition, signal analysis and processing, data storage, historical data inquiry, safety assessment, critical security warning and estimation of fatigue life. The system adopted the wireless transmission method at the same time. As a result, feasibility of the system was proved by the case applied and it offered a convenient method for monitoring. The successful application of stress monitoring and safety assessment in the metal construction of large crane equipment makes foundation for its application in projects, which has great practical value.
A Design of a Mechanical Synthetic Jet Actuator
Authors: Benhegouga Islem , Boukehili Adel
Published: February 2012

To show the influence of the synthetic jet on the wake of a cylinder and the aerodynamics performances, a piston-rod-crank actuator was designed to provide a synthetic jet with amplitude up to 20% of the free-stream velocity from the wind tunnel. The rod is driven in rotation by an electrical motor with variable frequency and maximum speed of 2800 rev/min corresponding to a frequency of 47 Hz.
Numerical Simulation of Solid Particles Movement in the Axial Flow Impeller and Wear Experiment
Authors: Zhang De Sheng , Shi Wei Dong , Xu Yan , Long Fei
Published: February 2012

The performance curves of a submersible axial flow pump were predicted based on mixture multiphase flow model, RNG k-ε turbulence model and SIMPLEC algorithm, and the solid-liquid two-phase flow in the impeller was simulated. The numerical results show that the performance prediction of the head and efficiency curves show good agreement with the experimental data in the whole flow rate range, and the solid particles in the impeller are mainly distributed on pressure side of blades, while less on the suction side.The solid particles are mainly concentrated in the blade inlet and region near the hub of the pressure side. The experimental results also show that the blade pressure sides have serious erosion, particularly near the hub, but less wear and tear on the suction side.The accuracy of the numerical simulation results are verified by the experiments.
Semiquantitative SDG Graphical Modeling for Complex System Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Su Yan
Published: February 2012

For the shortcomings of existing SDG modeling methods in fault diagnosis, a data-driven semi-quantitative SDG automatic graphical modeling approach and a direct manual SDG graphical modeling approach are investigated. Function failure analysis procedures and data modeling process based on system principle are introduced in detail, and relevant graphical modeling tool are developed. A fault diagnosis modeling for the air supply system of certain type of aircraft is taken as an illustration to verify the validity of proposed modeling method.
The Analysis of Overtaking of Whole Wheel Steering In-Phase of Multi-Axle Vehicle
Authors: Zhu Yong Qiang , Chen Quan Shi , Zhang Ping Xia
Published: February 2012

With in-phase steering, there might be some change at the driving performance of multi-axle vehicle. A five-axle vehicle model has been built with ADAMS software, and the control strategy has been built with Simulink software. The driver steering and speed control model with variable ratio was built. The comparative overtaking simuliation of whole wheel steering and only first two-axle wheels steering was processed. With the simulation, it can be found that, in the same movement track cases, comparing to the only first two-axle steering now used in vehicles, with in-phase whole wheel steering, the angle of steering wheel became smaller, the centroid yaw-rate was reduced, and vehicle movement track was closer to target track. The manipulation performance of vehicle was improved, and the labor intensity of the driver.was reduced. This provides a certain amount of theoretical research for the multi-axle steering vehicle control.
A Bearing Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Cluster Analysis
Authors: Cao Su Qun , Zuo Xiao Ming , Tao Ai Xiang , Wang Jun Min , Chen Xiang Zhi
Published: February 2012

In recent years, machine learning techniques have been widely used in intelligent fault diagnosis field. As a major unsupervised learning technology, cluster analysis plays an important role in fault intelligent diagnosis based on machine learning. In rolling bearing fault diagnosis, the traditional spectrum analysis method usually adopts the resonant demodulation technology, but when the inner circle, rolling body or multi-point faults produce composite modulation, it is difficulty to identify the fault type from demodulation spectral lines. According to this, a novel rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on KFCM (Kernel-based Fuzzy C-Means) cluster analysis is proposed. Through clustering on test data and the known samples, the memberships of test data are obtained. From these, the rolling bearing fault type can be determined. Experimental results show that this method is effective.
Hidden Defects Diagnosis Using Parameter Optimization
Authors: Wen X. C. , Leong W.Y.
Published: February 2012

In this paper, the issue of composite defects diagnosis by applying the support vector machine (SVM) was addressed. The component analysis was performed initially to extract the features and to reduce the dimensionality of original data features. Kernel parameters selection of support vector machine which has great influence on the performance of defects classification has been discussed in this work. Precisely, we focus on wavelet transform to extract the feature from the original signals, adopt component analysis to do feature selection and apply support vector machine to classify the defects. This paper exploits the parameter optimization procedure to ensure the generalization ability of SVM. The result shows that multi-class SVM produces promising results and has the potential for use in fault diagnosis.
Process Development of Films Deposited on Inner Wall of Long Tube by Arc Ion Plating
Authors: Lang Wen Chang , Gao Bin , Nan Xiu Rong
Published: February 2012

Based on plasma physics, basic characteristics of magnetofluid and discharge mechanism of the arc spot, this paper proposes a deposition technology on the inner wall of long tube by magnetic and electric field enhanced arc ion plating. The conical target material structure immersed in the axial magnetic field is adopted as the arc source of arc ion plating. Studies have shown that this technology can achieve the effective coating on the inner wall of long tube, which means to deposit the fatal (Ti, Al) N films at the depth of 120mm in the inner wall of the 20mm stainless steel component. The thickness of (Ti, Al) N film is 0.3-1.5m and its micro-hardness reaches 20GPa, which can significantly improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the inner wall of the components, thereby increasing the service life of stainless steel components.
The Research of Energy Analysis Based on Intelligent Algorithm in Ferroalloy Enterprise
Authors: Qiu Dong , Fu Ying Ying , Wang Xiao Bo
Published: February 2012

An intelligent algorithm of energy analysis was put forward based on statistical data of Sinosteel Jilin ferroalloy Co., Ltd. Momentum BP algorithm of variable learning rate which used widely was adopt so as to complete energy consumption scientific analysis and overcome efficacious the weakness that standard BP calculation model convergence slowly and easy to make network into a local minimum. The energy analysis model of ferroalloy enterprise was present and the Pareto order was proposed though quantitative analysis of main factors that influence energy consumption. It was helpful to make energy policy and to promote energy saving as theoretical basis.
An Integrated Approach for Optimization of Honeycomb Sandwich Structure under Impact Load
Authors: Khan Hamdan Ajmal , Vance Faizan Habib , Israr Asif , Rehman Tanzeel Ur
Published: February 2012

In this paper weight optimization of sandwich structure consisting of a honeycomb core sandwiched between two layers is presented through the use of Sequential Quadratic Programming & Genetic Algorithm by constraining of certain parameters such as buckling stress, cost and geometry. The variables to be optimized are core height, face sheet thickness and cell thickness for an effective design and better performance of the entire structural system. Sequential Quadratic Programming in Matlaband Genetic Algorithm technique with high robustness is performed and comparison between the two results is made for early convergence of the variables to be optimized. In this way, the structure could easily be monitored for any volatility, and avoid probable failure by employing proper remedial action.
The Development for Green Channel Cargo Inspection System
Authors: Shi Yuan Ping , Yu Jing Sheng , Zhang Li Qin , Sun Hong Qiang , Hao Pu
Published: February 2012

We designed a set of non-destructive system which is based on ray inspection systems, it mainly used to detect the Green Channel Cargo, and the result will be given out within 30 seconds. The ray coefficient of the Green Channel Cargo are different from the other transport cargo, so we can measure the absorption coefficient and compare it with the standard samples which is pre-built. The moved radioactive source and detector are designed, in order to prevent the mixed goods, we designed the removable radioactive sources and detectors, so the goods can be scanned up and down and around. Once the goods are mixed together, the ray coefficient which is calculated synchronously will be abnormal, parking and manual inspection is a supplementary means, so as to achieve a low-cost non-destructive testing.
Numerical Simulation of Liquid Nitrogen around Hydrofoil Cryogenic Cavitation
Authors: Ma Xiang Fu , Wei Ying Jie , Wang Cong , Cao Wei , Huang Wen Hu
Published: February 2012

Cavitation typically occurs when the fluid pressure is lower than the vapor pressure at a local thermodynamic state. The aim of this paper is a numerical investigation of the cryogenic cavitation flow characteristics, considering variable thermodynamic properties of liquid nitrogen and numerical simulation liquid nitrogen around hydrofoil cryogenic cavitation flow characteristics. Based on homogeneous flow model and Zwart cavitation model, calculates hydrofoil isothermal and cryogenic cavitation in liquid nitrogen steadily, updates the evaporation and condensation coefficients of Zwart cavitation model, gives the hydrofoil surface pressure profile, temperature depression and distribution of cavitation intensity, contrasts the isothermal and cryogenic cavitation flow characteristics. Numerical results show that thermodynamics effect in cryogenic liquid cavitation significantly. Meanwhile, the hydrofoil surface pressure and temperature numerical results with experimental data and more Hord compared to verify the validity of the numerical simulation.
A New Trend for Reverse Engineering: Robotized Aerial System for Spatial Information Management
Authors: Fernández-Hernandez Jesús , González-Aguilera Diego , Rodríguez-Gonzálvez Pablo , Mancera-Taboada Juan
Published: February 2012

The robotized aerial systems (RAS) are automated systems whose main characteristic is that can be remotely piloted. This property is especially interesting in those reverse engineering works in which the accuracy of the model is not reachable by common aerial or satellite systems, there is a difficult accessibility to the infrastructure due to location and geometry aspects, and the economic resources are limited. This paper aims to show the research, development and application of a RAS that will generate geo-referenced spatial information at low cost, high quality, and high availability.
Method of Recognition and Feature Rapid Extraction about Multi-Objective Rounds Based on Rotating Scanning
Authors: Lu Dao Hua , Xie Song Lian , Wang Jia
Published: February 2012

To achieve the target features quick extraction, this paper uses a contour extraction method based on contour mark and outline of rotating scan target filling. It mainly introduces the principle and algorithm of Rand-omized Hough Transform method and rotating scanning method, uses a workpiece as an example to illustrate it with experiment.
MIMO Non-Linear Mechanism Analysis Based Matlab
Authors: Wu Xiao Ming
Published: February 2012

A new method based on matlab matrix algorithm is proposed for analyzing the mechanism of MIMO non-linear system. Firstly, the mechanism is regarded as a system and system model is established. Secondly, the transfer matrix is got by separating relations between input and output, the equivalents are acquired by pseudo-inverse, then the kinematic analysis of mechanism is realized, which provide theory basis for the design of mechanism in a sense. Finally an example is given for explaining the whole calculational process.
The Study on Electronic Equipments Reliability Prediction Model
Authors: Liu Zhi Xue
Published: February 2012

This paper mainly analyzes the two operating pressure changes have a major impact on electronic equipment reliability: temperature stress and humidity pressure. The average value of the products for the whole region failure rate of product use can forecast and speed up the test data and two functions: temperature and humidity probability distribution function and probability distribution function. Compared with the normal reliability prediction technology, the authors think that both sides of the area changes between pressure temperature stress and humidity the entire product business scope for more accurate prediction.
Luminescent Properties, Afterglow Behavior and Thermoluminescence Characteristics of (Eu, Dy) Doped Sr3Al2O6 Phosphors
Authors: Li Ya , Wang Yin Hai , Xiong Yi , Peng Tie Qiu , Mo Mao Song
Published: February 2012

(Eu, Dy) doped Sr3Al2O6 phosphors with high brightness and long afterglow were achieved by a high-temperature solid state reaction. Luminescence measurements indicate that the phosphor Sr3Al2O6:Eu prepared in normal atmosphere exhibits a sharp orange emission peaking at 591 nm excited by 221nm light, which is intrinsic f-f transition generated from Eu3+. Whereas, the phosphors Sr3Al2O6:Eu and Sr3Al2O6:Eu,Dy prepared in a weak reducing atmosphere show both a sharp orange emission peaking at 591nm excited by 221-nm light and a broad green emission peaking at 510nm excited by 328nm light, which resulted from Eu2+ transition between 4f65d1 and 4f7 electron configurations. The investigation results suggest that Eu3+ and Eu2+ co-exist in Sr3Al2O6 matrix synthesized in weak reducing atmosphere. In all samples, only Sr3Al2O6: Eu, Dy prepared in a weak reducing atmosphere has high intensity afterglow after excited by the UV source. The decay curve of Sr3Al2O6: Eu, Dy phosphor contains the rapid-decaying process and the slow-decaying process and can be fitted by a bi-exponential decay function. The measurement of thermal simulated luminescence demonstrates that only appropriate deep trap energy level and high trap concentration can generate optimum long-afterglow performance.
Effect of Cerium-Rich Mischmetal Content on the Mechanical Properties and Fracture Morphology of New 5XXX Series Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Shen Hua , Liang He , Yao Guang Chun , Yang Wei Dong , Ren Xiao Dong
Published: February 2012

Preparation process of new 5XXX series aluminum alloys containing cerium-rich mischmetal wasintroduced .The effects of cerium-rich mischmetal on fracture morphology and mechanical properties of aluminium alloy were investigated in detail by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), and tensile test.The results show that alloys tensile strength and elongation with the increase of the content of mischmetal first increased, then down. When the mischmetal content is increased up to 0.30%, the tensile strength and elongation are 115 MPa and 25.9% respectively, meanwhile, the fractograph exhibited typical ductile dimple fracture pattern. Then the alloy performance is best. Mischmetal added into the alloy can improve the mechanical properties of materials, but too much mischmetal will induce the decrease in the material performance.Becase it may generate more the coarse Al11(Ce ,La)3 particle.
Discussion on β-Cyclodextrin Grafting onto Chitosan Fiber Protected by Benzaldehyde
Authors: Li Wei Hong , Guan Jing , Jing Miao Lei , Huang Shu Jie , Wu Ji Min , Li Zhi Hong , You Xiu Dong , Hao Li Mei
Published: February 2012

In order to graft β-cyclodextrin onto chitosan fibers as more as possible, amino group of chitosan fibers should be protected by benzaldehyde firstly. Based on the similar structure of chitosan and cellulose fibers, different experimental programs were employed to discuss the possibility of β-cyclodextrin grafted onto chitosan fibers in the similar method. By infrared spectral and UV–visible spectroscopy analysis, the results showed although benzaldehyde could be grafted to chitosan fibers successfully to protect amino group, β-cyclodextrin could not be grafted further.
Phase Transformation during the Hot Pressing of WC-40vol.% Al2O3 Composites
Authors: Qu Hai Xia , Zhu Shi Gen
Published: February 2012

WC matrix composites toughened by commercial Al2O3composed of AlOOH, χ-Al2O3and amorphous Al2O3 were prepared by high energy ball milling and then hot pressed at 769°C, 984°C, 1100°C, 1540°C for 90min, respectively, to investigate the phase transformation process. Microstructure and mechanical properties of WC-40vol.%Al2O3 composites were studied as well. The results showed that, with the increasing hot pressing temperature, the commercial Al2O3 transformed to α-Al2O3 completely through γ-Al2O3. WC could be oxidized and decarburized to W, C and W2C at low temperature when the vacuum degree was very low. The existence of W in the composites sintered at 1540°C for 90min could contribute to a metal particle toughening effect to the composites, resulting in the achievement of an excellent fracture toughness of 10.43MPa•m1/2, combining a Vickers hardness of 18.65GPa with a relative density of 97.98% for WC-40vol.%Al2O3 composites.
The Way of Obtain C5H8O+ Fragments Based on Laser-Induced Calculation
Authors: Zhu Ying , Chen Hong Bin , Wang Yan Ling , Wu Di
Published: February 2012

Abstract：Our theoretical study aims to analyze ionization and dissociation mechanism of cyclopentanone in the excited states and gives out a result with proved and directed significance for the corresponding experiments. Using the CIS（Configuration Interaction with Single Substitute） method, and 6-31+G (d, p) basis set, we calculated the frequency of excited state of cyclopentanone ion molecule. We have investigated the different vibration patterns of C-C bond and C-H bond under different excited states with imaginary frequency. Five dissociation channels have been obtained. Generally, the possible dissociation fragments in the excited state。
Simulation and Experimental Research on Temperature Increase of Safety Gear Action of Explosive-Proof Lift
Authors: Xue Jiai , Jiang Hao , Yao Jun
Published: February 2012

The kinetic energy of lift car will be consumed by the friction between the safety gear and guide rail in emergent braking process. This will lead to remarkable temperate increase of frictional surface. Due to the explosive atmospheres in which the explosive-proof lift servers, the high temperature may result in severe explosion accident. In this paper, an finite element model is developed to analysis this progress. The transient heat flux density is derived from energy transformation progress in safety gear action, and applied as boundary condition to the finite element model. Experiments are carried out to measure the temperature increase of safety gear frictional surface, and the results show good coincidence of temperature increase tendency between experiments and simulations.
Rockwell Hardness Modeling Using Indented Volume
Authors: Kim Jong Do , Yoon Moon Chul , Ryu Jee Youl
Published: February 2012

In this paper, a new Rockwell hardness model with volumetric parameter by least square method was suggested. Also, its result was compared and investigated with real measured hardness. The volume measurement of indented volume was performed by CLSM(confocal laser scanning microscope) and the captured HEI(height encoded image) was used as a original data for the calculation of indented volume. Using this volume as a parameter, this independent variable was used for experimental modeling of least square algorithm and it can be used for the prediction of Rockwell hardness.
Deformation Microstructures and Textures of Cast Mg-3Sn-2Ca Alloy under Uniaxial Hot Compression
Authors: Dharmendra C. , Rao Kamineni Pitcheswara , Prasad Y.V.R.K. , Hort N. , Kainer K.U.
Published: February 2012

The influence of deformation conditions on the microstructure and texture evolution during hot compression of Mg-3Sn-2Ca (TX32) has been studied. Cylindrical samples were compressed uniaxially at different combinations of temperatures and strain rates in the ranges 300-500 oC and 0.0003-10 s-1. The crystallographic orientation information of the as-cast and deformed specimens was obtained by EBSD micro-texture analysis. Activation of different slip systems was investigated using Schmid factor analysis and the results reinforce the importance of non-basal slip for deformation at high temperatures. Samples deformed at 500 oC/0.1 s-1 resulted in a fully recrystallized microstructure with near random crystallographic texture.
Relationship between Valence Electron Structures and Mechanical Properties of ZL203
Authors: Qu Hua , Liu Wei Dong
Published: February 2012

Based on the empirical electron theory of solids and molecules(EET) and valence electron theory of composition design of alloy, the valence electron structure(VES) of phases and phase interfaces of ZL203 are calculated in this paper, and the relationship between the VESs and mechanical properties are also studied. The results are as followed: 1) The of GP is bigger than of a, in other words, the resistance of dislocation movement in GP zone is bigger than that of in a matrix. 2) Compared with a matrix, the phases of q¢¢、q¢、q all have strengthening effects. From the bond combination of atoms composed in the strengthening phase of view, the strengthening effect of q is the best, that of q¢ is second, that of q¢¢ is the worst. 3) The precipitation sequence determined by nA is well accordance with that of depended on thermodynamics free energy. 4) The electron density difference Dr of a/GP, a/q" and a/q¢ interfaces increases one by one, and the stress of these interfaces also increases one by one, therefore the strength falls down one by one. 5) Combined with FSFs and ICFs, we can deduce that the best aging stage of ZL203 is the end of the precipitation of q¢¢ and the beginning of the precipitation of q¢.
Desulfurization and Regeneration Properties Study of Fe2O3/Attapulgite Removing H2S
Authors: Li Lan , Wang Qing Ning , Chen Jun Yi
Published: February 2012

Fe2O3/attapulgite desulfurizer was prepared by impregnation, and was regenerated by use of heat air method. The desulfurization test from a gas containing 100 vol% H2S was carried out over attapulgite supported Fe2O3 in a fixed-bed system at atmospheric pressure and room. The effects of the chemical nature of Fe2O3 on desulfurization capacity were studied. Materials before and after the desulfurization test were characterized using FTIR and XRD. Materials after the regeneration test were characterized using XRD. The characterization results suggest that modification process does not change the structure of attapulgite. Iron species disperses inside channels and the outside surface in the crystalline phase of iron oxide. The material with iron oxide content of 40.0 wt% presented highest H2S uptake capacity. The deactivated that Fe2O3/attapulgite desulfurizer was regenerated 0.8L/min hot air in 323k, the regeneration efficiency reached 81.22%, by 4 times after regeneration can reach 51.9%.
Chemical and Structural Characterization of the Amorphous Phases in Fused Fluxes for Submerged-Arc Welding
Authors: Liang Xing Hua , Liu Tian Jiao , Hua Xiao Ming
Published: February 2012

A study of chemical and structural characterization of fused fluxes for submerged-arc welding was conducted. Two flux formulations were prepared using mineral oxides for fusing processes. The micro-morphology and chemical composition of fused flux was compared by using the methods of Chemical analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM)/Energy Disperse Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The phases of two fluxes were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determinate type of amorphous formed. This kind of flux characterization enables us to quantify the ions that might be present in the plasma arc during the submerged welding process due to the fluxes. This analysis is also possible the prediction of reactions in the weld pool.
Investigation of Tensile Deformation Behavior of 7075-T6 at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Zhou Guo Wei , Li Da Yong , Peng Ying Hong
Published: February 2012

Uniaxial tensile deformation behavior of 7075-T6 under three different strain rates (0.001, 0.004 and 0.03s-1) and five different temperatures (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250°C) is studied. The total elongation in uniaxial tension increases with increasing temperature in range of 50-200°C and decreases with increasing strain rate. But it drops sharply at 250°C. SEM observations of the fracture surface interpret the change of total elongation and show the fracture tends to transit from brittle mode to ductile mode with increasing temperature. The constitutive model and yield function related with temperature are established based on the experiment results.
Effects of Composite Patch Geometry on Collapse Load of Pressurized Steel Pipes with Internal Longitudinal Flaws
Authors: Hosseini-Toudeshky Hossein , Fadaei Ebrahim
Published: February 2012

Abstract. Internal and/or external corrosions may frequently occur in pressurized pipes in offshore engineering components and many other industries. Corrosion defects reduce the collapse load of pipes, which can be improved by composite repairs. In this article, elastic-plastic finite elements analyses of pressurized repaired pipes with internal longitudinal flaws are performed to obtain the plastic collapse loads of them. The effects of composite patch geometries such as thickness and length on the improved collapse loads of repaired pipes are investigated. It is shown that the limit load of the repaired pipes may reach to the un-defected pipe by increasing the patch thickness (i.e. 25% of flaw depth for the pipe and patch material used in this study).
Biosorption of Precious Metal Ions by Magnetically Activated Sludge Cultured Bacteria
Authors: Cai Fang , Sun Jin Sheng , Zhao Ting Ting , Li Jing
Published: February 2012

Although biosorption for reclaiming single precious metal was frequently reported, the actual subsistent adsorptive competition among different metal ions sometimes shows diverging reinforcement or prohibition for different species. This study tries to screen bacteria that are able to absorb certain precious metals with high selectivity under competitive conditions. The activated sludge was cultivated from enrichment by magnetotactic bacteria medium proposed by Blakemore. Then four microbes, microaerobic bacteria(A) acclimated micro-aerobic bacteria (B), anaerobic bacteria(C) and acclimated anaerobic bacteria(D) were obtained for the following adsorption experiments. The four microbes have high removal efficiency of Au3+ both in its unitary and Au3+-Cu2+ binary system. The microaerobic bacteria (B) are good metal catchers and carriers for the uptake of gold in aquatic solution with coexistence of copper. In Pd2+-Cu2+system, there is a collaborative adsorption effect, especially on (B).
The Self-Sterilized Properties of Ag@TiO2-Styrene-Acrylic Complex Coatings
Authors: Zhou Xiang Dong , Chen Feng , Zhong Ming Qiang
Published: February 2012

Self-sterilized complex coatings obtained by Ag@TiO2incorporation into styrene-acrylic latex, extensively used in interior wall coatings, are prepared via a coupling agent modification process. A microscopy (TEM) study shows that the complex latexs obtained are highly homogeneous at the nanometric scale, exhibiting an intimate contact between both the organic and inorganic components. Ag@TiO2incorporation into this polymer matrix renders self-sterilized nanocomposite materials upon light excitation, which are tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. the complex coatings display an impressive performance in the killing of all micro-organisms with a maximum for an oxide content between 2-5 wt %.
Structure Morphology of Polyethersulfone Hollow Fiber Membrane via Immersion Precipitation Phase Inversion Process
Authors: Lan Ping , Wang Wei
Published: February 2012

Polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber membranes have been widely used in many fields, such as ultrafiltration, microfiltration, reverse osmosis, liquid/liquid or liquid/solid separation, gas separation, hemodialysis, and so on. In this paper, the sheet PES hollow fiber membranes were prepared. The morphology and performance of membranes can be controlled. By studying the influence of the compositions and conditions on the morphology and performance of PES hollow fiber membrane, the relationship of morphology and performance of the membrane is acquired. The additives were used such as glycerol, BuOH and PEG. In addition, immerse phase inversion was used as membranes preparation method. The morphology of the membrane was controlled by changing kinds of additive, concentration of additive and so on. It was found that the membrane morphologies were changed by additive obviously. Porosity , pure water flux, scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were used to characterize the morphology and performance of the membranes.
Dynamic Impact Analysis for Ex Situ Toughened Composite Laminates
Authors: Liu Li Peng , An Xue Feng , Zhang Ming , Yi Xiao Su
Published: February 2012

Dynamic impact loading/energy-absorbed response curves of controlled T800/5228A laminates and corresponding “Ex-situ” toughened T800/5228E laminates were contrastively studied. It was concluded that both Hertzian failure loading and the maximum loading were improved by interlaminar toughening, based on the enhancement of Mode II crack strength. T800/5228E laminates presented less damage area than T800/5228A laminates under equivalent impact energy, but consumed more total energy, and further study show that serious external damage on the surface of T800/5228E lamiantes may be responsible for the more impacted energy consumed .
Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagram and Properties of Hot Forming Steel
Authors: Zhang Mei , Li Qing Shan , Han Kun , Huang Chao Bin , Wu Ru Yi , Fu Ren Yu , Li Lin , Wan Zi , Sun Bao Liang
Published: February 2012

Continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram of steel 22MnB5 was studied using dilatometer method. The influence of the hot forming process parameters, such as the heating temperature and holding time on the mechanical properties and microstructure of stamped parts was analyzed by tensile tests and the metallographic observation on the parts with various processing parameters. The microstructural evolution obtained from the dilatometer samples reveals that the cooling rates not smaller than 20K/s induced fully martensitic microstructure. As the cooling rate decreasing, more ferrite and pearlite or more bainitic microstructure forms. Tensile tests results show an excellent tensile strength and ductility combination of 22MnB5. The tensile strength and yield strength reach 1500MPa and 1200MPa respectively, with total elongation of around 10%.
Synthesis of SiC Macroscopic Spheres from Fly Ash
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Xue Ping , Yang Jiu Jun
Published: February 2012

SiC macroscopic spheres have been synthesized by a microwave heating and carbothermal reduction method with commercial carbon spheres as template and fly ash as silica source. The morphology and structure of SiC hollow spheres were characterized using X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption isotherms, scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive. The results show that the SiC hollow spheres have retained the similar size with the original carbon sphere template. The shell of SiC hollow sphere is composed of curving SiC wires, and the shell thickness can be modulated by the ratio between C and SiO2. The formation of curving SiC wires attribute to the VLS mode, the Fe catalyst is indispensable reason of it.
The FEA of New Type Roller Movable Teeth Reducer
Authors: Wu Jun Fei , Zhou Xin , Zhang Hao
Published: February 2012

The structure and operating principle of rolling movable teeth reducer are introduced in this paper. The model of roller movable teeth reducer is established by Pro/E software , and the statics and modal analysis is made by ANSYS[1 2] software. The simulation results show that the loaded components of roller movable teeth reducer tallies with the theoretical computation and verify the mechanical characteristics of virtual prototype. Through modal analysis of Roller movable teeth reducer transmission Parts, such as the center wheel, roller movable teeth, the shock wave, and retainer, the vibration characteristics frequency of the roller gear reducer is obtained. This can avoid the working band of large deformation of bending and torsion It provides a basis for the optimization design and engineering analysis of reducer[2].
Electrochemical Behavior of Potassium Zinc Phosphates Extract and Coating
Authors: Wei Dong Ping , Ma Shao Mei , Zhou Ze Guang , Huang Zeng Wei , Yuan Ai Qun , Liao An Ping
Published: February 2012

The electrochemical corrosion inhibitions of potassium zinc phosphate were studied by polarization, open circuit potential measurements, electrochemical impedance of the pigment extract and coating immersion test. Dynamic analysis shows that in pH=7 3.5% NaCl extract, KZn2(PO4)(HPO4) functions as a cathodic inhibitor on steel and its efficiency is even superior to other phosphates. The inhibiting efficiency of the pigments on steel decrease in the order: KZn2(PO4)(HPO4) > aluminum zinc phosphate > zinc phosphate ≧ aluminum triphosphate The coating tests show that potassium zinc phosphate can efficiently enhance the inhibition properties of coating and prevent the erosion of the corrosive medium by improving the barrier and hydrophobicity of the coating. The anticorrosive property of the pigments decrease in the order: KZn2(PO4)(HPO4)> aluminum zinc phosphate > zinc phosphate ≈APW-1.
Mechanical Properties of Metallic Glass Matrix Composites Synthesized by Powder Consolidation as Precursor of Porous Material
Authors: Lee Min Ha , Kim Bum Sung
Published: February 2012

Mechanical properties of Cu-based metallic glass matrix composites reinforced by ductile fugitive phases, synthesized by warm extrusion of gas atomized powders, has been investigated under the uniaxial compression condition at room temperature. The ductile fugitive phases are well distributed in the metallic glass matrix and enhanced macroscopic plasticity is observed due to the formation of multiple shear bands, initiated from the interface between ductile fugitive phase and metallic glass matrix, as well as their confinement between the reinforcements, stemming from the constrained plastic deformation of the reinforcing ductile phase.