bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speaker-Independent Speech Enhancement with Brain Signals
Authors: Hosseini Maryam , Celotti Luca , Plourde Eric
Published: September 2021

Single-channel speech enhancement algorithms have seen great improvements over the past few years. Despite these improvements, they still lack the efficiency of the auditory system in extracting attended auditory information in the presence of competing speakers. Recently, it has been shown that the attended auditory information can be decoded from the brain activity of the listener. In this paper, we propose two novel deep learning methods referred to as the Brain Enhanced Speech Denoiser (BESD) and the U-shaped Brain Enhanced Speech Denoiser (U-BESD) respectively, that take advantage of this fact to denoise a multi-talker speech mixture. We use a Feature-wise Linear Modulation (FiLM) between the brain activity and the sound mixture, to better extract the features of the attended speaker to perform speech enhancement. We show, using electroencephalography (EEG) signals recorded from the listener, that U-BESD outperforms a current autoencoder approach in enhancing a speech mixture as well as a speech separation approach that uses brain activity. Moreover, we show that both BESD and U-BESD successfully extract the attended speaker without any prior information about this speaker. This makes both algorithms great candidates for realistic applications where no prior information about the attended speaker is available, such as hearing aids, cellphones, or noise cancelling headphones. All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and were approved by the Ethics Committees of the School of Psychology at Trinity College Dublin, and the Health Sciences Faculty at Trinity College Dublin.
Market Participants Neither Commit Predictable Errors nor Conform to REH: Evidence from Survey Data of Inflation Forecasts
Authors:   Department of Economics, New York University, Frydman Roman , Stillwagon Joshua ,   Department of Economics, Babson College,
Published: September 2021

We develop a novel characterization of participants’ forecasts with a mixture of normal variables arising from a Markov component. Using this characterization, we formulate five behavioral specifications, including four implied by the diagnostic expectations approach, as well as three implied by REH, and derive several new predictions for Coibion and Gorodnichenko.s regression of forecast errors on forecast revisions. Predictions of all eight specifications are inconsistent with the observed instability of individual CG regressions’ coefficients, based on inflation forecasts from 24 professionals. Our findings suggest how to build on key insights of the REH and behavioral approaches in specifying individuals’ forecasts.
Physicochemical Analysis of Dental and Household Hypochlorites
Authors: Velázquez Michele Méndez
Published: September 2021

Aim: Sodium hypochlorite is the most common solution in the Endodontics field, however, NaOCl concentrations of commercial brands which are prepared for this purpose differ from their actual concentration. The aim of this study was to compare the physicochemical properties of dental and household hypochlorites. Materials and Methods: The solutions were divided in the following groups: Control: Clorarex 6%, Group 1: Viarzoni-T 5.25%, Group 2: Endo Chlord 3%, Group 3: Chlor- XTRA 6%, Group 4: Viarzoni-T (diluted from 5.25%), Group 5: Cloralex (diluted from 6%), Group 6: Chlor- Xtra (diluted from 6%). pH and temperature were measured by means of potentiometer, dilution test was performed using bovine tissue and exposed to each solution. For cytotoxicity assay, erythrocytes were exposed to each solution and stained with Sternheimer-Malbin solution. Results: Dissolution times showed a significant difference since the shortest time was Cloralex (6.6 ± 2.09). The solution with the highest alkalinity in the original concentration was Endo Chlord for dental use (11.7 ± 2.2). The solution with the highest alkalinity in the original concentration was Endo Chlord for dental use (11.7 ± 2.2) but it also was the solution with less cytotoxicity. Conclusion: Viarzoni-T was the only solution without any dissolving capacity, Cloralex, ChorlXtra and EndoChlord were capable of dissolving bovine pulp tissue effectively, reducing their concentration of Cloralex and ChlorXtra did not reduce the pH, but all solutions showed a cytotoxic effect on erythrocites.
Clinical Dentistry -The Pandemic’s Late Effects
Authors: Hegde Mithra N.
Published: September 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) is the most recent HCID (highly contagious infectious diseases) pandemic to hit the world. The respiratory disease (sars-cov-2) has been shown to spread from symptomatic patients through droplets and aerosols. Because of the closed environment and the use of high and low-speed handpieces, ultrasonic scalers, infection spreads even more easily in a dental setting. During these times, our priority should be inward to protect ourselves as well as the patients who need medical attention. Various methods for controlling infection transmission from aerosol-generating dental procedures are recommended to accomplish this. In light of the effect of oral health on the seriousness of the Covid 19 pandemic, and to protect ourselves financially during this pandemic it is critical to explain patients that we dentists are using the most up-to-date approaches to keep them safe by reducing the risk of them contracting the virus from the dental office in order to maximise the number of outpatients. And it is important to treat every patient as a Covid -19 infected person and take the appropriate precautions to ensure our safety while rendering dental treatment.
Evaluation of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women having Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome
Authors: Rao GVP
Published: September 2021

PCOS, also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, is a common endocrine disease characterized by two of the following three characteristics: Once the associated endocrinological and gynecological diseases have been ruled out, oligo-ovulation or anovulation, ii) clinical and/or biochemical indications of hyperandrogenism, or iii) polycystic ovaries should be considered. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are common in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (AE-PCOS) Society established a panel to offer evidence-based evaluations of research examining the PCOS-CVD risk connection and to produce CVD prevention recommendations. The main pathophysiological abnormality in polycystic ovarian syndrome is a source of much debate (PCOS). Chronic anovulation in conjunction with androgen excess, hyperinsulinemia, and changes in gonadotropin production are now widely accepted as symptoms of this disease in women. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is linked to obesity and low-grade inflammation, and it may raise the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study examines the assessment of cardiovascular disease risk in women with PCOS.
Oral antibiotic treatment of exacerbation of COPD. Beyond COVID-19
Authors: Rodríguez González-Moro José Miguel , Izquierdo Alonso José Luis ,   Servicio de neumología. Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares. Hospitales Vithas Madrid
Published: September 2021

COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) includes patients with chronic bronchitis and / or emphysema who have in common the presence of a chronic and progressive airflow obstruction, with symptoms of dyspnea and whose natural history is modified by acute episodes of exacerbations. Exacerbation (EACOPD) is defined as an acute episode of clinical instability characterized by a sustained worsening of respiratory symptoms. It is necessary to distinguish a new EACOPD from a previous treatment failure or a relapse. EACOPD become more frequent and intense over time, deteriorating lung function and quality of life. The diagnosis of EACOPD consists of 3 essential steps: a) differential diagnosis; b) establish the severity, and c) identify its etiology. The main cause of exacerbations is infection, both bacterial and viral. Antibiotics are especially indicated in severe EACOPD and the presence of purulent sputum. Beta-lactams (amoxicillin-clavulanate and cefditoren) and fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin) are the most widely used antimicrobials. This review updates the problem of acute exacerbation with infectious origin from the perspective of etiology, antimicrobial resistance, microbiological studies, risk stratification, and antimicrobial management. The risk, prognosis and characteristics of COPD patients who develop COVID19 are analyzed.
Freshwater aquatic invertebrates on the Isle of May, Scotland
Authors: Macadam C.R.
Published: September 2021

The invertebrate fauna of freshwater habitats on the Isle of May, Scotland was investigated and compared with the results from surveys undertaken in 1958. Overall, the freshwater invertebrate fauna appears to be diminished. However, several species were recorded as new to the Isle of May. Although the reasons for the apparent decline in freshwater invertebrates on the island are unclear, an increase in the temporary nature of the habitats due to climate warming may be a contributing factor.
Tight Bounds on the Clique Chromatic Number
Authors: Joret Gwenaël , Micek Piotr , Reed Bruce , Smid Michiel
Published: September 2021

The clique chromatic number of a graph is the minimum number of colours needed to colour its vertices so that no inclusion-wise maximal clique which is not an isolated vertex is monochromatic. We show that every graph of maximum degree $\Delta$ has clique chromatic number $O\left(\frac{\Delta}{\log~\Delta}\right)$. We obtain as a corollary that every $n$-vertex graph has clique chromatic number $O\left(\sqrt{\frac{n}{\log ~n}}\right)$. Both these results are tight.
Wavelet Transform Based Feature Extraction for EEG Signal Classification
Authors: Postalcioglu Seda
Published: September 2021

This study focused on the classification of EEG signal. The study aims to make a classification with fast response and high-performance rate. Thus, it could be possible for real-time control applications as Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems. The feature vector is created by Wavelet transform and statistical calculations. It is trained and tested with a neural network. The db4 wavelet is used in the study. Pwelch, skewness, kurtosis, band power, median, standard deviation, min, max, energy, entropy are used to make the wavelet coefficients meaningful. The performance is achieved as 99.414% with the running time of 0.0209 seconds
First record of a naturalized population of the tropical Colocasia esculenta (Araceae) in Italy, and clarifications about its occurrence in southeastern Europe
Authors: Iamonico Duilio
Published: September 2021

Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott is an emergent aquatic and semi-aquatic species native to Asia, where it grows in tropical and subtropical areas. This species is widely cultivated for its edible corm and is considered as alien in various parts of the world, becoming sometimes invasive (e.g., in Spain), and in these areas eradication should be carried out. As part of ongoing studies on Araceae, in 2015 a population
of C. esculenta was discovered in Rome (central Italy), where it grows along ditches. This is the first record of a naturalized population in Italy. A comprehensive view of this species in Italy and Europe was given, with clarifications about its occurrence in the Balkans, where C.
esculenta was excluded from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia. A morphological description based on the population found and considerations of its ecology and the climatic conditions at the Roman site are provided.
Response of Bacillus cereus on Zea mays under different doses of zinc sulphate
Authors: Shahzad Asim , Qin Mingzhou , Nazir Mudassar , Shakoor Abdul , Billah Motsim , Zaib Gul
Published: September 2021

Anthropogenic activities have added a large amount of heavy metals to the environment. Heavy metal contaminants affect the physiological and biological properties of soil and plant health. Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient and it promotes plant growth and development but
a higher concentration of the metal causes reduction in plant growth. The present study was aimed to evaluate the response of Bacillus cereus on maize plants at different concentrations of ZnSO4 (20, 40 and 60 mg kg–1) amended in the soil under pot experiment conditions. The experiment was conducted by using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Higher doses of ZnSO4 inhibited maize growth and nutrient uptake. However, inoculation of maize seeds with Bacillus cereus at 20 mg kg–1 concentration of ZnSO4 increased seed germination about 39% and plant height by 15%. Moreover, 17% increase in leaf length
and a 7% increase in leaf number were observed as compared to control at 20 mg kg–1 concentrations of ZnSO4. Reductions in all growth parameters were observed with 60 mg kg–1 concentration of ZnSO4. The Zn uptake was 75% higher in treatment T8 (uninoculated seeds with 60 mg kg–1 concentration of ZnSO4) as compared to treatments which were inoculated and grown under different zinc concentrations. The results suggest that Bacillus cereus has good potential to remediate Zn from soil as well as to reduce the phyto-availibility and phytotoxicity of zinc.
Lógica modal megárico-estoica
Authors: Fernández Cuesta José Alejandro
Published: September 2021

En este artículo presentamos una posible vía para interpretar las nociones de posibilidad y necesidad desarrolladas en el seno de la lógica megárico-estoica como operadores modales aléticos. Se introducirá la semántica megárico-estoica como trasfondo metafísico de las definiciones de necesidad y posibilidad y se ofrecerán argumentos para abandonar las interpretaciones predominantes que incluyen variables temporales ad hoc. Tras proponer la lectura de las definiciones diodóricas desde una semántica modal relacional se señalará una serie de temas que merecen ser revisitados desde esta óptica.
La problemática de la Metafísica de Aristóteles a la luz de la «ἐνέργεια»
Authors: Villodres Maldonado David
Published: September 2021

Abordamos la problemática acerca del significado de la Metafísica de Aristóteles desde una perspectiva que, más allá del enfoque historiográfico y hermenéutico del aristotelismo contemporáneo, busca su fundamento en la propia naturaleza analítica-modal de la filosofía primera centrada en el concepto de ἐνέργεια. A partir de este enfoque, descartamos que el texto titulado «Metafísica», cuya autoría se atribuye a Andrónico de Rodas, sea una exposición de la filósofa primera de Aristóteles, defendiéndose una nueva configuración de ella en las que los tratados metafísicos y lógicos, editados en el corpus aristotelicum por separados, son momentos integrantes de la misma.
Fiberglass as an alternative to metals in ship repair
Authors: Burmistrov Evgeniy G. Burmistrov , Mikheeva Tatiana А. Mikheeva
Published: September 2021

The article presents the intermediate results of a study carried out to determine the prospects for reducing the metal consumption of ship repair. The area of research is ship repair, in particular, the repair of hulls and superstructures of metal ships, and the object is fiberglass used in the repair, in particular, their strength and durability. The studies were carried out using well-known methods - spontaneous peeling, shearing, limiting states. The results obtained made it possible to establish that the use of fiberglass plastics can reduce the metal consumption of ship repairs by three times. In addition, the article describes a method for calculating the thickness of a fiberglass coating, which is equivalent in strength to a metal backup, and also provides expressions for evaluating the calculated resistance of the coating, which determines its durability. In conclusion, it was concluded that it is necessary to expand the study area of the applicability of fiberglass during the repair of ships, not limiting it only to such obvious objects of repair as the hull, superstructure, pipelines.
Work process control mechanisms of diesel engine
Authors: Andrusenko Sergey E. Andrusenko , Andrusenko Oleg E. Andrusenko , Kolyvanov Vladimir V. Kolyvanov , Matveev Yuri I. Matveev
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the issue of reducing the specific fuel consumption and improving the environmental performance of internal combustion engines by changing the working process to obtain high-quality and timely heat release as a result of fuel combustion. The purpose of workflow control is to create favorable conditions for fuel ignition. The ways of occurrence of ignition centers in the combustion chamber are considered. The main periods of fuel supply, the duration of ignition depending on the lag time, the combustion process, the influence of the fuel supply advance angle on the environmental parameters of the engine are highlighted. The possibility of controlling the working process during the preparation of the beginning of combustion is substantiated and examples of mechanisms of domestic and foreign analogs that provide control of the working process are given. Conclusion - high performance management of the workflow is provided by the electronic control system - common rail, despite the widespread use of mechanical methods.
Analysis of monetary income of the population: time challenge
Authors: Markova Nataliya A.
Published: September 2021

The article presents a theoretical and practical view of the income category; the concept of a household is considered. The analysis of the composition and structure of the monetary income of Russians in the whole country in the period from 2015 to 2019 is carried out and the regional aspect is presented: Nizhny Novgorod region population’s monetary income for this period is analyzed. On the basis of a comparative analysis of all-Russian trends in the composition and structure of population’s monetary income and the situation in the region, the current state of monetary income certain types individuals and the economic behavior of Russians is characterized. The author uses the methodology of the statistical survey of the population of Rosstat in the analysis of each Russians monetary income component; points out its disadvantages. The analysis of the composition and various components structure of Russians monetary income allows us to place emphasis on the sources of population’s monetary income in a market economy. The author highlights the income from entrepreneurial activity and emphasizes their importance in the market economy; considers the entrepreneurial activity of Russians in dynamics. The article provides a detailed analysis of the income from property indicator of the population of the country and in the Nizhny Novgorod region and justifies the most significant source of additional funds for the population at present. A critical assessment of the revealed dynamics of each population's monetary income component and the possibility of strengthening state structures control over the income and expenses of individuals is given.
Clinical studies and comments on orthodontic miniimplant anchorage
Authors:   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, NICOLAU Alexandru Mircea , VASILESCU Vlad-Gabriel ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti, MILICESCU Viorica ,   Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Miniimplant recently became a way of orthodontic treatment. Compared to the other implants, miniimplants are relatively small, allowing them to be placed between the dental roots in various areas of the jaws and serve as skeletal anchorage for orthodontic tooth movements. The use of miniimplants for orthodontic skeletal anchorage may be an predictable and accurate alternative without requiring patient compliance, compared with conventional versions of anchorage. The paper presents a series of clinical cases seen and treated within the dental office of S.C. RANDI SRL and in the Department of Orthodontics at New York University College of Dentistry.
Therapeutic approach of cervical lymph nodes metastases of squamous cell carcinoma from an unknown primary tumors
Authors:   Otorinolaringologie, Spitalul Clinic „Colţea“, Bucureşti, MOŞOIU Anca Ruxandra , OANCEA Alina Lavinia ,   Otorinolaringologie, Spitalul Clinic „Colţea“, Universitatea de Medicină şi Farmacie „Carol Davila”, Bucureşti, MATEI Roxana Mihaela ,   Otorinolaringologie, Spitalul Clinic „Colţea“, Bucureşti, STAMATE Marian ,   Otorinolaringologie, Spitalul Clinic „Colţea“, Bucureşti, POPESCU Cristian Radu ,   Otorinolaringologie, Spitalul Clinic „Colţea“, Bucureşti, BERTEŞTEANU Şerban Vifor Gabriel ,   Otorinolaringologie, Spitalul Clinic „Colţea“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Cervical lymph node metastases of squamous cell carcinoma from occult primary constitute about 3-5% of all patients with carcinoma of unknown primary site (CUP). Identification of subgroups with favorable prognosis is of decisive importance for the therapy of patients with CUP syndrome, including prolonged survival from directed treatment. The patients with neck node metastases from occult head and neck cancer have clinical features and prognosis similar to other head and neck malignancies. Treatment of patients with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma involving cervical lymph nodes of an unknown primary origin should be similar to that of patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the head and neck. Therapeutic approaches include surgery (lymph node excision or neck dissection), with or without post-operative radiotherapy, radiotherapy alone and radiotherapy followed by surgery. In early stages (N1), neck dissection and radiotherapy seem to have similar efficacy, whereas more advanced cases (N2, N3) necessitate combined approaches. The extent of radiotherapy (irradiation of bilateral neck and mucosa versus ipsilateral neck radiotherapy) remains debatable. A potential benefit from extensive radiotherapy should be weighted against its acute and late morbidity and difficulties in re-irradiation in the case of subsequent primary emergence. The role of other methods, such as chemotherapy and hyperthermia, remains to be determined.
Prognostic factors in sepsis. Using PIRO model in describing sepsis
Authors:   Spitalul Universitar de Urgenţă „Elias“, Bucureşti, DUŢU Mădălina , BOSCAIU Voicu ,   Institutul de Statistică Matematică şi Matematică Aplicată „Gh. Mihoc – C. Iacob“, Bucureşti, CORNECI Dan ,   Spitalul Universitar de Urgenţă „Elias“, Bucureşti
Published: September 2021

Backgrounds. PIRO model is created based on preexisting comorbidity (predisposition) and the nature and extent of infection, the characteristics of the host response and organ dysfunction results. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of various clinical factors on prognosis in septic patients in intensive care. Results. There were 152 patients included in the study (51.9% male, mean age 69.9 years, 77.6% mortality). The mean age of male survivors was significantly lower (p = 0.002) than that of dead males: 61 to 71 years. Charlson comorbidity index was significantly higher in patients who died (p = 0.043). Mortality cases of nosocomial acquired infections were higher compared to that of community acquired. The incidence of death was lower at patients with local infection (72% vs 87%), the difference being statistically significant (p = 0.044), OR = 0.385 (CI = 0161-0923). Mortality rate was significantly higher in lung and abdominal sepsis cases (78.1% and 73.9%) compared to the urinary sepsis: 55.5%. Gram negative infections caused higher mortality than Gram positive (80% versus 76.9%), with maximum value for Gram negative associated with fungus cases (83.3%). Death rate increased significantly with the number of organ dysfunction (p < 0.001) and decreased with lower blood lactate concentration at 48 hours (p = 0.044). Hypoxemia index < 100 correlated to death rate and hypoxemia index value > 250 measured at 72 hours is positive correlated with survival. Conclusions. Charlson comorbidity index is a good risk prognostic factor and could be attached to P component and the infection extension proved to be a good prognostic factor for I component. The number of organs dysfunction at admission time and the amount of lactate at 48 hours may be indicators belonging to O component.
Surgical considerations about shaver adenoidectomy: our experience
Authors:   „M.S. Curie“ Clinical Hospital for Children, „Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, GHEORGHE D.C. , ZAMFIR-CHIRU-ANTON A. ,   “Grigore Alexandrescu” Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, Bucharest
Published: September 2021

Adenoidectomy is a very common surgical procedure in pediatric otolaryngology. Aim. To investigate two major operative techniques used for pediatric adenoidectomy (classic and using microdebrider), from a surgical point of view. Ease of use, comfort of the surgeon and possible intraoperative difficulties were studied and reported here. Material and method. A series of 93 patients were randomly assigned to two kind of surgery. Parameters like introperative blood loss, duration of the surgery and accuracy of the technique were assesed. Conclusions. Both techniques can consume similar amount of time. Blood loss is significantly higher with microdebrider but better surgical accuracy is obtained through powered instrumentation.
Prevalence of microalbuminuria in hypertension monitored in primary care
Authors:   Discipline of Family Medicine, „Victor Babes“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, ARDELEANU Elena , DOROBANTU Maria ,   Cardiology Clinic, “Floreasca” Emergency Hospital, „Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, DARABONT Roxana ,   Cardiology Clinic, “Floreasca” Emergency Hospital, „Carol Davila“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, LIGHEZAN Daniel ,   Discipline of Semiology, „Victor Babes“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, LIGHEZAN Rodica ,   Discipline of Parasitology, „Victor Babes“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, PURCARITA Dacian ,   Discipline of Family Medicine, „Victor Babes“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, DELEANU Alexandra ,   Discipline of Gastroenterology, UMF „Victor Babes“, Timisoara, GURGUS Daniela ,   Discipline of Family Medicine, „Victor Babes“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, NICOLA Patricia ,   Discipline of Family Medicine, „Victor Babes“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, BAAJ Shamsa ,   Discipline of Family Medicine, „Victor Babes“ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara
Published: September 2021

The objectives of the study were to evaluate the prevalence of microalbuminuria (MAU) in patients with hypertension, monitored in primary care and to analyse the correlation between MAU, risk factors and associated parameters. Material and methods. During 2010-2014 we evaluated a number of 910 patients from 19 family medicine offices of Timiş County. The general practitioners took a standardized history, performed a physical examination, measured height, weight, blood pressure, ABPM and heart rate, calculated body mass index and tested urine for MAU with Arkray test strips. The patients with hypertension and MAU were referred to diagnosis centres where they underwent echocardiography. Results. After exclusion of patients with a history of renal disease and diabetes, MAU was present in 61 cases, 7.1%. The mean age of the MAU positive patients was 56±13.1 years, ranging from 29 to 79. The duration of hypertension was under 5 years in 4 (2.44%) patients, between 5-10 years in 35 (57.3%) and over 10 years in 22 (36%) Six patients with MAU (9.83%) had mild hypertension, 25 (40.9%) moderate and 30 (49.1%) severe hypertension. LVMI was 125 ± 28 g/m2 in the MAU absent group and 157 ± 56 g/m2 in the MAU present group (<0.04). A stepwise logistic regression analysis showed significant positive effects of 24 h systolic blood pressure, weight and LVH (p<0.001 for all comparisons) on MAU. No other variable had a significant predictive effect on the presence or absence of MAU. Conclusions. In patients with essential hypertension MAU was present in 7.1%, with a higher prevalence in uncontrolled than in controlled hypertension. MAU was associated with high blood pressure levels, obesity and LVH.
The Evolution of Compressible Solar Wind Turbulence in the Inner Heliosphere: PSP, THEMIS, and MAVEN Observations
Authors: Andrés N. , Sahraoui F. , Hadid L. Z. , Huang S. Y. , Romanelli N. , Galtier S. , DiBraccio G. , Halekas J.
Published: September 2021

The first computations of the compressible energy transfer rate from ∼0.2 up to ∼1.7 au is obtained using Parker Solar Probe (PSP), Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS), and Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) observations. Using a recently derived exact relation for isothermal magnetohydrodynamics turbulence, the compressible energy cascade rate, ε

C
, is computed for hundred of events at different heliocentric distances, for time intervals when the spacecrafts were in the pristine solar wind. The observational results show moderate increases of ε

C
with respect to the incompressible cascade rate, ε

I
. Depending on the level of compressibility in the plasma, which reaches up to 25% at PSP’s perihelion, the different terms in the exact compressible relation are shown to have different impacts on the total cascade rate, ε

C
. Finally, the observational results are connected with the local ion temperature and the solar wind heating problem.
Spitzer’s Last Look at Extragalactic Explosions: Long-term Evolution of Interacting Supernovae
Authors: Szalai Tamás , Fox Ori D. , Arendt Richard G. , Dwek Eli , Andrews Jennifer E. , Clayton Geoffrey C. , Filippenko Alexei V. , Johansson Joel , Kelly Patrick L. , Krafton Kelsie , Marston A. P. , Mauerhan Jon C. , Van Dyk Schuyler D.
Published: September 2021

Here we present new, yet final, mid-infrared (mid-IR) data for supernovae (SNe) based on measurements with the Spitzer Space Telescope. Comparing our recent 3.6 and 4.5 μm photometry with previously published mid-IR and further multiwavelength data sets, we were able to draw some conclusions about the origin and heating mechanism of the dust in these SNe or in their environments, as well as about possible connection with circumstellar matter (CSM) originating from pre-explosion mass-loss events in the progenitor stars. We also present new results regarding both certain SN classes and single objects. We highlight the mid-IR homogeneity of SNe Ia-CSM, which may be a hint of their common progenitor type and of their basically uniform circumstellar environments. Regarding single objects, it is worth highlighting the late-time interacting Type Ib SNe 2003gk and 2004dk, for which we present the first-ever mid-IR data, which seem to be consistent with clues of ongoing CSM interaction detected in other wavelength ranges. Our current study suggests that long-term mid-IR follow-up observations play a key role in a better understanding of both pre- and post-explosion processes in SNe and their environments. While Spitzer is not available anymore, the expected unique data from the James Webb Space Telescope, as well as long-term near-IR follow-up observations of dusty SNe, can bring us closer to the hidden details of this topic.
Measurements of the Hubble Constant: Tensions in Perspective*
Authors: Freedman Wendy L.
Published: September 2021

Measurement of the distances to nearby galaxies has improved rapidly in recent decades. The ever-present challenge is to reduce systematic effects, especially as greater distances are probed and the uncertainties become larger. In this paper, we combine several recent calibrations of the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) method. These calibrations are internally self-consistent at the 1% level. New Gaia Early Data Release 3 data provide an additional consistency check at a (lower) 5% level of accuracy, a result of the well-documented Gaia angular covariance bias. The updated TRGB calibration applied to a sample of Type Ia supernovae from the Carnegie Supernova Project results in a value of the Hubble constant of H
0 = 69.8 ± 0.6 (stat) ± 1.6 (sys) km s−1 Mpc−1. No statistically significant difference is found between the value of H
0 based on the TRGB and that determined from the cosmic microwave background. The TRGB results are also consistent to within 2σ with the SHoES and Spitzer plus Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Key Project Cepheid calibrations. The TRGB results alone do not demand additional new physics beyond the standard (ΛCDM) cosmological model. They have the advantage of simplicity of the underlying physics (the core He flash) and small systematic uncertainties (from extinction, metallicity, and crowding). Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of both the TRGB and Cepheids are reviewed, and prospects for addressing the current discrepancy with future Gaia, HST, and James Webb Space Telescope observations are discussed. Resolving this discrepancy is essential for ascertaining if the claimed tension in H
0 between the locally measured and CMB-inferred values is physically motivated.
A Collective Effort to Update the Legume Checklist
Authors: Le Roux Marianne , Döring Markus , Bruneau Anne , Miller Joe , Govaerts Rafaël , Black Nick , Lewis Gwilym , Sinou Carole
Published: September 2021

Taxonomic names are critical to the communication of biodiversity—they link data together whether it be distribution data, traits or phylogeny. Large taxonomic groups, such as many plant families, are globally distributed as is the taxonomic expertise of the family. A growing knowledge base requires collaboration to develop an up-to-date checklist as a research foundation. The legume (Fabaceae) community has a strong history of collaboration including the International Legume Database and Information Service (ILDIS), which curated the names but ILDIS is no longer up to date. In 2020, under the umbrella of the Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG), a group of taxonomists began updating the legume taxonomy as part of a larger collaboration around a legume data portal.

Currently the World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP) is the most up-to-date reference and was used as the starting point for the project. The workflow begins with over 80 volunteer taxonomic experts updating the checklist in their specialty area. These lists are manually collated, centrally creating a consensus taxonomy with synonyms. Any taxonomic conflicts are adjudicated within the group. The checklist then undergoes a comprehensive nomenclature assessment at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and becomes part of the WCVP. This checklist was submitted to the Catalogue of Life Checklist Bank and is integrated as the preferred legume checklist in the GBIF taxonomic backbone.

After one round of taxonomic curation, 38% of the legume names in GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), which were previously unmatched to WCVP, are now connected to GBIF names, therefore also improving the occurrence records of those species. The GBIF taxonomic backbone contains names found on herbarium specimens and in the literature, which are not currently part of the legume expert community checklist or WCVP. This list of unresolved names will be forwarded to the legume community for curation, thereby developing a cycle of data improvement. It is anticipated that after a few rounds of expert curation, the WCVP and GBIF taxonomies will converge. At each cycle, a snapshot of GBIF occurrences is taken and the improvement of the occurrences is quantified to measure the value of the expert taxonomic work. The current checklist is also available via Catalogue of Life and soon via the World Flora Online to support research. In this talk, we describe the workflow and impact of the expert curated legume taxonomy.
Some reflections on current invasion science and perspectives for an exciting future
Authors: Heger Tina , Jeschke Jonathan M. , Kollmann Johannes
Published: September 2021

Species spreading beyond their native ranges are important study objects in ecology and environmental sciences and research on biological invasions is thriving. Along with an increase in the number of publications, the research field is experiencing an increase in the diversity of methods applied and questions asked. This development has facilitated an upsurge in information on invasions, but it also creates conceptual and practical challenges. To provide more transparency on which kind of research is actually done in the field, the distinction between invasion science, encompassing the full spectrum of studies on biological invasions and the sub-field of invasion biology, studying patterns and mechanisms of species invasions with a focus on biological research questions, can be useful. Although covering a smaller range of topics, invasion biology today still is the driving force in invasion science and we discuss challenges stemming from its embeddedness in the social context. Invasion biology consists of the building blocks ‘theory’, ‘case studies’ and ‘application’, where theory takes the form of conceptual frameworks, major hypotheses and statistical generalisations. Referencing recent work in philosophy of science, we argue that invasion biology, like other biological or ecological disciplines, does not rely on the development of an all-encompassing theory in order to be efficient. We suggest, however, that theory development is nonetheless necessary and propose improvements. Recent advances in data visualisation, machine learning and semantic modelling are providing opportunities for enhancing knowledge management and presentation and we suggest that invasion science should use these to transform its ways of publishing, archiving and visualising research. Along with a stronger focus on studies going beyond purely biological questions, this would facilitate the efficient prevention and management of biological invasions.
Genre et études germaniques : toute une histoire (ein weites Feld) !
Authors: Hoock-Demarle Marie-Claire , Saint-Gille Anne-Marie
Published: September 2021

Intitulée Genre et études germaniques : toute une histoire (ein weites Feld) ! , notre contribution analyse de manière rétrospective l’introduction des études de genre au sein des études germaniques françaises et en étudie l’apport en termes de renouvellement thématique et méthodologique. La présentation du rôle pionnier des germanistes ayant précédé, puis renforcé cette dynamique de recherche montre qu’elle s’est accompagnée d’une fructueuse réflexion sur le périmètre de recherche des germanistes. L’institutionnalisation des recherches sur les femmes, puis sur le genre, remonte aux années 80 et eut pour nécessaire corollaire une démarche pluri- puis interdisciplinaire et une internationalisation des recherches. Une étude des sujets de thèses soutenues en germanistique depuis les années 80 met en évidence le renouvellement des problématiques que les études féministes, puis de genre, ont pu induire ; l’examen des programmes de l’agrégation d’allemand fait apparaitre des éléments de réflexivité entre recherche et enseignement. Si l’introduction des études de genre dans la germanistique française fut « toute une histoire », c’est que cette évolution se heurta aussi à des résistances. Celles-ci sont analysées à partir des congrès de l’AGES consacrés à ces questions. L’étude d’un exemple particulier d’institutionnalisation des études féministes, puis de genre, celui de Paris VII, confirme que l’apport principal tient à l’élargissement des champs de recherche et aux coopérations internationales et interdisciplinaires.
Geneviève Bianquis (1886-1972) : trajectoire de germaniste, fragment d’histoire d’une discipline
Authors: Hoock-Demarle Marie-Claire , Gruson Pascale , Krebs Roland , Tautou Alexis , Terrisse Bénédicte , Baisez Olivier
Published: September 2021

La transcription de cette table ronde réunissant Marie-Claire Hoock-Demarle, Pascale Gruson, Roland Krebs et Alexis Tautou éclaire différentes facettes de la trajectoire, de la personnalité, de l’œuvre et du contexte historique dans lequel évolua Geneviève Bianquis, l’une des figures majeures de la germanistique française de la première moitié du XX e  siècle. L’enjeu est aussi de saisir à la lumière des archives nombreuses dont nous disposons à son sujet la manière dont cette femme germaniste peut constituer un objet de recherche pertinent pour nous aujourd’hui.
La mère confrontée à l’indépendance du nourrisson
Authors: Vincze Anna
Published: September 2021

Dans cet article, je traite de la relation mère-bébé et compare l’approche psychanalytique et les pensées de Pikler concernant l’atmosphère thérapeutique. Dans mon travail psychothérapeutique, je vois certains obstacles typiques qui rendent difficile pour les mères de traiter leur bébé comme un être indépendant. C’est selon moi le manque de stabilité du moi de la mère qui l’empêche de faciliter et d’apprécier la compétence et la séparation de l’enfant.
Maria Torok, pédo-psychothérapeute à l’école maternelle
Authors: Le Roy Caroline
Published: September 2021

Les recherches de Maria Torok dans les années 1950 concernant l’école maternelle et sa pratique de psychothérapeute dans ces classes sont demeurées mal connues. À partir de ses écrits et d’investigations auprès d’institutrices l’ayant accueillie, ce texte restitue les ressorts d’une relation éducative support d’une introjection des objets de savoir et de la culture. Ils inaugurent certains apports théorico-cliniques développés plus tard avec N. Abraham et restent d’actualité pour l’éducation.
Les richesses de la pleine conscience
Authors: Teasdale John , Chaskalson (Kulananda) Michael
Published: September 2021

Ce chapitre, le premier de deux textes liés, présente l’analyse que fait Bouddha de la nature et des origines de dukkha (la souffrance) comme base de la compréhension des manières dont la pleine conscience peut transformer celle-ci. La Première et la Deuxième des Quatre Nobles Vérités sont présentées d’une façon qui s’est avérée utile pour les enseignants en pleine conscience (MBSR). Ces Vérités offrent un cadre de compréhension qui peut servir de guide en MBSR, tout en accentuant la continuité et l’inévitabilité d’expérimenter la souffrance chez les clients, les enseignants et tous ceux qui cherchent d’abord une nouvelle manière de vivre. L’implication cruciale de la vision de soi et l’identification avec l’expérience sont soulignées.
Appels de Jacques Derrida
Authors: Szendy Peter
Published: September 2021

Comme peu d’autres philosophes depuis Kant, Derrida a fait du cosmopolitisme un mot d’ordre dont l’injonction tranche avec la dévaluation générale de l’idéal cosmopolitique au cours des xix e et xx e siècles. Si, après sa longue histoire depuis le stoïcisme, quelque chose comme un cosmopolitisme à venir reste pensable malgré les coups que lui ont portés notamment Hegel ou Marx, c’est en questionnant radicalement le concept de monde ( kosmos ). En suivant les voies frayées par Derrida lorsqu’il analyse le « planétaire » ou lorsqu’il récuse l’idée même d’un « monde commun », ce qui se dessine, ce sont les contours d’un cosmopolitisme que l’on peut qualifier d’ acosmique.
Appels de Jacques Derrida
Authors: Bernardo Fernanda
Published: September 2021

Parmi les critiques les plus graves et récurrentes adressées à la Déconstruction derridienne, il y a celle de l’inexistence d’une politique ou d’une philosophie politique. En guise d’écho profondément critique de cette critique, en suivant le fil de l’athéisme messianique de Jacques Derrida, j’essaie au contraire de souligner ici non seulement les implications politiques mais surtout la portée singulièrement « politique », voire hyper- ­politique de la Déconstruction derridienne en tant que pensée.
Appels de Jacques Derrida
Authors: Segarra Marta
Published: September 2021

Ce travail essaie de penser, depuis et avec Derrida , la question de la filiation et de l’héritage par rapport au pays natal dans l’œuvre de Jacques Derrida, en s’appuyant également sur celle d’Hélène Cixous. De manière plus concrète, ce texte aborde des sujets tels que la nostalgie, l’exil, la mémoire, les origines personnelles et familiales, la langue maternelle, la langue colonisée, le deuil et la « politique de la mémoire ».
Appels de Jacques Derrida
Authors: Dalmasso Gianfranco
Published: September 2021

Le futur antérieur serait le seul temps du verbe – au sens grammatical du terme – à même d’accueillir l’impossible notion de temps . Telle est la thèse proposée par Catherine Malabou dans son ouvrage L’Avenir de Hegel . Dans « Le temps des adieux », Jacques Derrida instaure un dialogue avec son élève dans lequel il tente de poursuivre cette lecture non pas banale mais spéculative de la temporalité. Nous cherchons dans ce texte à revisiter les traces et les interstices de ce passionnant échange.
Appels de Jacques Derrida
Authors: Michaud Ginette
Published: September 2021

Dans « Et si l’animal répondait ? », Jacques Derrida poursuit un différend avec Jacques Lacan au sujet de la trace, du signifiant, de la feinte de feinte, de la réponse opposée à la réaction, toutes choses que le psychanalyste dénie à l’animal. Nous examinons ici la réponse donnée par Derrida à cette question à partir de trois cas d’« espèces » aussi différents qu’« inouïs », tels qu’ils se donnent à entrelire dans son « tête-à-tête » avec les Primati de Camilla Adami et deux autres animots présents dans son dernier Séminaire La bête et le souverain . Nous retiennent particulièrement dans ces affabulations d’un autre genre les questions de la représentation, de la ressemblance et de la prosopopée.
À propos d’identité : analyse de la pop music islandaise moderne de Björk
Authors: Lassauzet Benjamin
Published: September 2021

Si Björk constitue à bien des égards une figure cosmopolite de la pop music , ce n’est pas tant pour son ouverture multiculturelle que pour son lien à l’Islande qu’elle est reconnue, trahissant ainsi une forte tendance au « boréalisme » – c’est-à-dire à l’exoticisation – s’agissant de la réception internationale de son œuvre. L’objet de cet article consiste à déterminer dans quelle mesure la musique de Björk s’apparente effectivement à une musique nationale, c’est-à-dire – selon ses propres termes – à « une pop music islandaise moderne ». L’album patriotique Homogenic  (1997), et plus précisément la chanson « Jóga » conçue comme une « sorte d’hymne national », servent de point de départ à cette investigation qui interroge au fil de sa carrière à la fois les racines musicales islandaises dans lesquelles Björk puise pour créer son œuvre, le rapport au texte et à la langue, ainsi que la question du timbre et de l’espace sonore comme évocateurs de la nature islandaise. Ces aspects, étroitement associés au long des albums de Björk, dessinent une musique au sein de laquelle la question du lieu est fondamentalement reliée à une dimension d’identité nationale.
Ségrégation urbaine et choix du collège : quelles contributions à la ségrégation scolaire ?
Authors: Boutchenik Béatrice , Givord Pauline , Monso Olivier
Published: September 2021

Cet article propose une nouvelle méthode de décomposition des indices de ségrégation suivant deux ensembles d’unités. Cette méthode est appliquée pour mesurer la contribution de la ségrégation résidentielle et des choix parentaux à la ségrégation sociale entre les collèges, à partir de données géolocalisées et des secteurs de recrutement de trois villes françaises. Le choix d’une partie des parents de contourner la carte scolaire, principalement pour un collège privé, contribue à la ségrégation sociale entre collèges de 37 % à 49 %, selon la ville considérée. Cela résulte principalement de la réduction de la diversité sociale dans les collèges publics, les familles évitant le collège de secteur étant souvent les plus favorisées localement. Classification JEL  : I20, I24.