bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AS MARCAS DO TEMPO NO CORPO FEMININO: UMA LEITURA DO CONTO “A PROCURA DE UMA DIGNIDADE”, DE CLARICE LISPECTOR
Authors: Santos Marcos Antônio Fernandes dos , Meireles Ilka Vanessa Santos
Published: May 2024

O conto é caracterizado como uma narrativa que, apesar de sua curta extensão, é rico em reflexões e significados, explorando certeiramente os mais diversos aspectos relacionados à vida/existência humana. Na literatura brasileira, a escritora Clarice Lispector é uma das grandes representantes desse gênero, e entre tantas facetas, é conhecida por explorar temáticas que revelam o íntimo do ser humano, lançando olhares para os mais íntimos lugares de existência. Suas personagens são complexas e, por isso, possuem também uma psicologia densa. Neste trabalho, o objetivo é investigar sobre as marcas do tempo no corpo feminino, representado através da escrita de “A procura de uma dignidade”, conto da autora, presente na obra Onde estivestes de noite. A metodologia utilizada para a construção do trabalho tem abordagem qualitativa e quanto aos procedimentos, é bibliográfica. Consiste em uma análise teórico-critica sobre a narrativa, e para tanto, o suporte teórico é construído através da contribuição de autores como Elódia Xavier (2007), Simone de Beauvoir (1990), Michael Foucault (2004), entre outros. A leitura atenta do conto, por sua vez, evidencia ao leitor as dificuldades existentes na aceitação da velhice do corpo, das marcas impressas pelo tempo na carne da mulher. Essas marcas, ao mesmo tempo, são sinônimo da força que a idade carrega e de que nunca é tarde para buscarmos em nosso interior a verdadeira essência do existir. Viver, assim, é um complexo exercício de conviver com nós mesmos, quando nem sempre somos capazes de nos reconhecer. O corpo, nesse sentido, é a morada que nos prende, mas que simultaneamente nos liberta.
ECOS SHAKESPEARIANOS EM TEORIA DO MEDALHÃO
Authors: Barros Julio Cesar Larroyd de
Published: May 2024

Inúmeros são os textos que investigaram a presença de Shakespeare na obra de Machado de Assis, apontando desde inferências sutis a paráfrases explícitas. O presente artigo inclui-se nesta lista ao tomar como objeto de análise o excerto do ato I, cena III, da Tragédia de Hamlet, em que a personagem Polônio dá valorosos conselhos ao seu filho Laertes. O conto Teoria do Medalhão, de Machado de Assis, está estruturado de forma análoga: um pai aconselha seu filho. A proposta deste artigo é analisar a relação “palimpsestuosa” entre o conto machadiano e o excerto de Shakespeare.
DESTITUINDO PARADIGMAS: A VOZ E A VEZ DA BELA/LÉSBIA, DE MARIA BENEDITA CAMARA BORMANN
Authors: Veloso Rodrigo Felipe
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo pretende discutir como ocorre à ruptura da tradição no romance Lésbia de Maria Benedita Bormann. A discussão a ser apresentada trata-se do discurso feminista no século XIX, especialmente em torno da escrita de si, das personagens, pois raras são as mulheres que escrevem ou publicam os seus textos, mas um grande número delas consegue se ascender pela palavra escrita. Ademais, da narrativa emanam essas questões que serão analisadas, bem como se deixam atravessar por essa escrita da diferença, do olhar feminino. Para tanto, utilizaremos autores como: Stuart Hall (2006), Anthony Giddens (2002), Norma Telles (1997; 2005), dentre outros.
Bi'ah Lughawiyah of al-Azhar Arabic Course in The Socio-Cultural Vygotsky
Authors: Alamsyah Zulfian , Afyuddin Moh. Sholeh , Hartanto Eko Budi , Ma'arif M. Syamsul
Published: May 2024

This research aims to examine Biah Lughawiyah at the Al-Azhar Arabic Language Course Institute, Pare from the perspective of Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory, namely Zone of proximal development, Scaffolding, and Language and Thought and Cognitive Development. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data source was determined using Purposive Sampling techniques. Data collection techniques use interview, observation and documentation methods. Data analysis techniques use data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results of this research conclude that Bi'ah Lughawiyah activities at the al-Azhar Pare Arabic Language Course Institute are in accordance with Vygotsky's Socio-Cultural theory, namely: 1) it is mandatory to speak Arabic while at al-Azhar Pare in accordance with the principles of language and thought and cognitive development theory Vygotsky, 2) Mufrodat and al-Azhar Got Talent deposits are in accordance with the principles of zone of proximal development and scaffolding, 3) educational punishments are in accordance with the principles of zone of proximal development, 4) al-imtihan is in accordance with the principles of scaffolding, 5) jurfah class is in accordance with Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development, 6) provision of guidebooks in accordance with the zone of proximal development, 7) awards or rewards in accordance with Vygotsky's principles of language and thought, 8) halaqoh room in accordance with Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development, and 9) an Arabic nuanced environment in accordance with principle of the zone of proximal development.
Analysis of Arabic Teaching at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Miftahul Ulum Angsokah Timur Madura in the Perspective of Effective Instruction (QAIT Model) Robert E. Slavin
Authors: Hamdy Mohammad Zainal
Published: May 2024

Effective instruction is a determinant of success in learning Arabic. With it, learning objectives can be achieved more quickly and are more enjoyable, whereas without them, learning objectives will take longer and tend to be boring. Slavin offers a theory in determining whether learning can be assessed as effective or not, namely by Quality of Instruction, Appropriate Levels of Instruction, Incentive, and Time (QAIT). Therefore, researchers want to know whether learning at Madrasah Miftahul Ulum Angsokah Timur Madura is effective or not by analyzing it with the theory offered by Slavin. This research uses qualitative methods and includes field research. The data collection uses interviews and observations which will then be analyzed using the Miles and Huberman models. The results of this research show that learning at Madrasah Miftahul Ulum Angsokah Timur Madura is effective on one side and less effective on the other side based on Slavin theory, namely effective on the incentive and time side and not on the quality and appropriateness side.
ДИНАМІКА НАПРУЖЕНЬ В ГОЛЦІ В’ЯЗАЛЬНОЇ МАШИНИ ПРИ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ З КЛИНОМ
Authors: ПЛЕШКО С. А. , КОВАЛЬОВ Ю. А.
Published: May 2024

Мета. Метою дослідження є розробка методу оцінки впливу жорсткості пари голка-клин в’язальної машини на динаміку напружень, що виникають у стержні голки при ударі о клин.
Методика. При вирішенні завдань, поставлених у цій роботі, були використані сучасні методи теоретичних досліджень, що базуються на теорії поширення хвиль напружень у плоских стержневих елементах при поздовжньому ударі.
Результати. Враховуючи доцільність підвищення довговічності роботи голок в’язальних машин шляхом зниження напружень, що виникають при їх ударній взаємодії з клинами, стаття присвячена розробці методу оцінки впливу жорсткості пари голка-клин в’язальної машини на динаміку напружень, що виникають у стержні голки при ударі о клин. Представлений метод оцінки впливу жорсткості пари голка-клин в’язальної машини на динаміку напружень, що виникають у стрижні голки під час ударної взаємодії її з клинами в’язальних систем. Аналіз отриманих залежностей, показав, що жорсткість пари голка-клин впливає на величину напружень в стрижні голки, викликаних ударною хвилею. При цьому зниження жорсткості сприяє зниженню величини напружень у стержні голки. Голка має складну геометричну форму. Тому при ударі голки об клин у її тілі виникає складне поле напружень, яке залежить від геометричної форми голки. Отримані рівняння дають лише деяке наближення опису процесу зміни напружень в тілі голки при ударі її об клин. Однак отримані результати дозволяють дійти висновку, що зниження жорсткості пари голка-клин сприятливо впливає на підвищення довговічності в’язальних голок.
Наукова новизна. Розвиток наукових основ та інженерних методів проектування в’язальних машин.
Практична значимість. Запропоновано інженерний метод та алгоритм розрахунку напружень в голці в’язальної машини, що виникають при взаємодії її з клинами механізму в’язання. Встановлено, що підвищення довговічності голки можна досягти шляхом зниження жорсткості пари голка-клин.
A Qualitative Study on the Substantive Meaning of Elementary School Teachers’ Multicultural Awareness and Acceptance Attitude
Authors:   Korean Association for Qualitative Inquiry, Kim Jun , Lee Jungpyo
Published: May 2024

This study explored the substantive meaning of elementary school teachers’ multicultural awareness and acceptance attitudes. To this end, this study began two researchers’ self-report statements. Then, research questions were formulated and multicultural awareness was divided into uncanny, prejudice, discrimination, and hatred. In addition, the researcher conducted in-depth interviews with eight elementary school teachers to collect and analyze relevant data. As a result of the study, it was found that elementary school teachers teach multicultural students and that their self-perception changes as teachers. In this process, elementary school teachers build relationships with multicultural students by going through the pre-meeting stage, the meeting stage, and the post-meeting stage. From this, the elementary teachers reflected on their existing selves. They understand that their self changed from an initial integrated perception to a separate perception, and they experienced the strengthening of their Persona as a teacher. The findings of the study reveal the empirical implications of what elementary teachers experience in multicultural awareness and acceptance and how they are guided in this process. Based on the results of the study, the researcher discussed the need for educational practice and training for pre-service teachers and teachers who have entered the teaching profession to experience multicultural awareness and separation of self, and discussed the direction of teacher education to separate the personal and professional self for the professionalism of the teaching profession and the need to solidify the area of teacher-centered pedagogy.
Chat GPT sebagai Era Baru dalam Transformasi Pembelajaran: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kusworo Kusworo , Goreta Goreta , Hanafi Ivan , Djoko Susanto Teguh Trianung , Astuti Irnin Agustina Dwi
Published: May 2024

Digital learning is an activity that involves the development of the digital world in an effort to improve literacy, development of thinking skills and the skills. Digital learning is in the form of digital-based reference materials for students to support learning activities. The purpose of this study was to examine one of the digital learning resources in the form of Chat GPT as a student learning resource. The research design uses a literature review of both articles and proceedings, published on googlescholar from 2019-2022. The results of the study found the use of GPT chat in the implementation of learning as a learning reference source for fulfilling students' cognitive tasks. In addition, various studies of the impact of using GPT Chat in learning were also found, both for positive contributions and for negative impact contributions. Chat GPT provides benefits in managing learning, especially alternatives to increasing student activeness.
ELABORAÇÃO DE CARTILHA EDUCATIVA PARA PACIENTE ADULTO EM USO DO CATETER CENTRAL DE INSERÇÃO PERIFÉRICA
Authors: Raimi Braga Soares Heloá , Rodrigues René , Gomes Vasconcelos Pitombeira Mardênia , França de Araújo Priscila , Pedrosa Moreira Deborah , Nunes Veras Filho Rubens
Published: May 2024

Introdução: o exercício do cuidar em enfermagem prediz ações que permitam o envolvimento de pacientes e cuidadores no plano terapêutico, resgatando-os de um universo de entendimentos frágeis quanto às intervenções pelas quais estão sendo submetidos, tal como aos cuidados mínimos necessários para manutenção dos dispositivos que fazem uso. Nesse contexto, destaca-se que o uso de tecnologias educativas impressas consiste em modalidade efetiva para facilitar e fixar a aprendizagem. Objetivo: elaborar uma cartilha educativa para pacientes adultos hospitalizados em uso do cateter central de inserção periférica e seus cuidadores. Método: estudo metodológico com adaptação das proposituras para elaboração de manuais de orientação ao cuidado em saúde. Posto isto, as seguintes etapas foram implementadas: (I) elaboração do projeto de pesquisa, (II)  levantamento bibliográfico e (III) construção da cartilha. Resultados: a criação da cartilha cumpriu-se a partir de informações atualizadas resultantes do levantamento bibliográfico. Contudo, adequou-se a linguagem ao público-alvo, distanciando-se de termos técnicos característicos do cotidiano hospitalar, tornando a leitura atrativa, clara e compreensível. Também, a fim de enriquecer o material, ilustrações digitalizadas e elaboradas com o auxílio de um profissional de design gráfico, a partir das orientações dos pesquisadores, foram incluídas. Conclusão: a versão final da tecnologia         intitulou-se "Você conhece o PICC?” e conta com um total de nove páginas, cujo conteúdo discorre sobre: características do dispositivo, indicações, vantagens, complicações e manutenção, além de possuir espaço destinado para observações.
Efficacy of different pesticides in suppressing yellow stem borer in spring rice (Oryza sativa) in Ratuwamai, Morang, Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Netra , Mehata Dipesh , Acharya Ravi , Yadav Bishnu
Published: May 2024

Rice, a staple food for over half the global population, is crucial for food security, economic stability, and cultural significance. Its production, however, is threatened by pests like the Yellow Stem Borer (YSB), which causes substantial yield losses, especially in rice-dominant regions like Nepal. This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of biological, botanical, and chemical pesticides against YSB in spring rice crops of Ratuwamai, Morang, Nepal. For this, we apply biological methods/pathogens like Bacillus thuringiensis, to target YSB; botanical pesticides, derived from plants like Azadirachtin and Mugworth, act as repellents; while chemical pesticides such as Cypermethrin, Chlorpyriphos and Cartap Hydrochloride offer rapid control but come with environmental risks. Among those six pesticides used, the present findings revealed that chlorpyriphos 20% EC have minimum mean dead heart with 4.92% and cypermethrin 10% EC have minimum mean white ear head with 2.44% respectively after application of first and second dose of treatments respectively. Likewise, most plant yield attributes were superior where chlorpyriphos was used. Though bacillus and azadirachtin reduced the dead heart and white ear head symptoms, they couldn’t give good yield than that of chemical pesticides. Thence, through our research we investigated the impacts of different biological, botanical and chemical pesticides in controlling YSB population densities, and influencing yield and yield attributing characters from the field experiment.
Assessment of Rutting Resistance for Fiber-Modified Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Abd Nabaa I. , Latief Roaa H.
Published: May 2024

Rutting is one of the most complex and widespread types of distress. The rutting is frequently observed on Iraqi roads, especially at the checkpoints, forming a significant hazard on the asphalt layers. Factors such as heavy loads and high temperatures contribute to this distress. Adding fibers to a hot mix asphalt (HMA) effectively improves performance and extends the lifespan of the flexible pavement. This article used glass, steel, and basalt fibers. The wheel tracking test assessed the fibre-asphalt mixture for rutting resistance and compared it with the mix without adding fibers (control HMA).
Meanwhile, the microscopic structure of fibres and asphalt mixture modified with fibers was examined using the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) technique. Steel, glass, and basalt fibers were incorporated into HMA in proportions of 0.25%, 0.10%, and 0.15%, respectively. The incorporation of fibers in asphalt mixtures implies lower rut depths after 5000 cycles. In comparison to the control HMA, a decrease in the rut depth is observed in fiber-asphalt mixtures, about 22.14%, 15.36%, and 9.64% for basalt, glass, and steel fiber, respectively, which consequently enhances flexible pavement resistance against rutting. The microstructure analysis showed the difference in the mixture's diameters, surface properties, and random fiber dispersion. Therefore, this dispersion contributed to creating a three-dimensional network, which improved the behaviour of HMA.
Simulation of Bed Change in Al-Musayyab Canal using HEC-RAS Software
Authors: Razzaq Hasan Khalid , Abed Basim Sh. , Al-Saadi Anmar Joudah Jasim
Published: May 2024

This study focuses on the simulation of the bed change and total sediment concentration in the Al-Musayyab Canal, which is a vital irrigation system located in the central region of Iraq, using HEC-RAS V 6.3 software. The 49.5 km canal, with 13 branches, faces challenges from sediment influx originating from the Euphrates River. The primary objective is to analyze sedimentation, erosion patterns, and sediment discharge variations to support effective canal management. Field sampling collected suspended and bed load samples for laboratory tests, providing input data for the sediment transport model. Simulation results show steady flow water surface elevations ranging from 26.32 to 33.16 m.a.s.l, with velocities from 0.24 to 0.98 m/s. Significant sediment deposition and erosion variations are observed as data for 2019 and 2020 are analyzed. Notable changes in the canal's invert levels occurred in both years, with maximum deposition depths reaching 14 cm in 2019 and 21 cm in 2020. Erosion depths ranged from 3 to 15 cm in 2019 and 5 to 25 cm in 2020. The total sediment discharge for 2019 in the Al-Musayyab Canal amounted to 17 tons/day, while 22 tons/day in 2020.
Taxonomy and phylogeny of three rust fungi parasitic on Vitaceae in Korea, with Neophysopella viticola sp. nov. on Vitis vinifera
Authors: Na D.H. , Choi Y.-J. , Shin H.-D.
Published: May 2024

Rust fungi are important pathogens of trees, ornamental plants, and food crops. Field research targeting rust diseases across Korea uncovered three distinct species of Neophysopella, affecting different members of the family Vitaceae. In our examination of both wild and
cultivated grapevine (Vitis) species, including V. amurensis, V. coignetiae, and V. vinifera, we found N. meliosmae-myrianthae as well as a previously undescribed rust species, which we describe here as N. viticola sp. nov. Neophysopella ampelopsidis, which was
previously identified as a rust pathogen of Vitis spp., has been observed to specifically infect Ampelopsis brevipedunculata. Through molecular sequence analysis of the ITS, LSU rDNA, and cox3 mtDNA regions, we determined the phylogenetic placements of these three species. Our morphological
studies revealed the distinguishing features of N. viticola, particularly its unique teliospore layer and urediniospore dimensions. The emergence of N. viticola on economically valuable grapevines raises concerns about potential agricultural losses, highlighting the urgency for
developing specialized management approaches in viticulture.
Traditional and modern principles, approaches, methods and tools for forming a system for monitoring and monitoring the implementation of federal projects
Authors: Panina Olga , Shedko Yuri , Popadyuk Tatiana , Kadyrova Gulnaz , Rozhdestvenskaya Irina , Shubtsova Lyudmila , Zubets Anton , Bagratuni Karine
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of topical issues of the formation of a system for monitoring and controlling the implementation of federal projects. Authors give a brief historical and legal description of the Institute of Project Management in the Russian Federation. The mechanism for monitoring and controlling the implementation of federal projects is being considered, the role of key actors performing these project management functions is being specified. Also, attention is paid to the key principles laid down by the Government of the Russian Federation as the basis for a new, long-term-oriented and taking into account the modern geopolitical situation, the system of monitoring and control of the implementation of federal projects.
A study of the development of “red songs” in Chinese music form
Authors: Yunlong Hou
Published: May 2024

The emergence of a musical and cultural phenomenon in Chinese society - “red song fever” - has its own profound cultural and historical reasons. This paper analyzes the political and ritual musical functions of the “red song”, and explains the socio-historical factors of the “red song fever”, the socio-cultural and historical values of the “red song”. The author analyzes the dynamic development of the “red song” in Chinese society in the form of education, politics, and communication, and the social and economic impact.
Cultural effects in forming the “other” in the blind Tudeli’s poetry
Authors: Al-Ukabi Nidhal Mehdi Hameed
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the life and work of the famous Arab medieval poet Abu Jafar al-Tudeli. His works are considered in the context of the concept of depicting the image of the “other” in Arabic literature.
Classification of plant leaf diseases using deep neural networks in color and grayscale images
Authors:   Faculty of Information Technology, Hanoi Architectural University, Hanoi, Vietnam, Phong Bui Hai
Published: May 2024

For a long time, plants have shown a crucial role in our life, manufacturing and industry. However, a large number of diseases have significantly affected to the production of plants. The detection and diagnosis of the diseases are necessary to improve the production of plants. In recent years, the automatic classification of plant diseases using artificial intelligence and computer vision have attracted a huge number of researches. The paper presents a classification method of plant leaf diseases using various Deep Neural Networks (e.g., Alexnet, Resnet-50, Densenet-121). The color features have significantly affected the classification accuracy. Therefore, we analyzed and compared the classification accuracy on two public datasets (Plant village leaf datasets) that consist of color and grayscale images. The method obtained the classification accuracy of 98.08% and 92% on color and grayscale images, respectively. The obtained results showed the effectiveness of the method. Based on the obtained results, the impact of color features to the classification accuracy of various Deep Neural Networks is analyzed in the paper. Moreover, the paper compares the performance of various optimization algorithms during the training process of deep neural networks to classify leaf diseases.
Evaluation of National Character in 53 Countries Based on the Social Capital Concepts
Authors: Mukai Ichiro
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study is to measure the national character of the 1990s and 2000s, and compare the changes in their measurements in order to propose that national character changes with the times. This study focuses on 53 countries around the world. National character is defined by the concept of social capital, characterized by three components. Using the data from the World Values Survey, factor analysis and structural equation models measure six factors of national character, which relates to three components of social capital concepts. The changes in national character are evaluated by the comparison of the values and differences in population means between the answers to questions in the 1990s and the 2000s. This study finds that the measurements of six factors have changed from 1990s to 2000s. By comparing the 1990s and the 2000s, the results of measurements show that each factor of national character changes with the times. This implies that the measurements of national character used in previous studies may not always adequately represent the current situation in each country.
Controls on mesophotic carbonate facies and sediment distribution across the Maltese shelf, central Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Bialik Or , Coletti Giovanni , Berndt Christian , Schmidt Mark , Micallef Aaron
Published: May 2024

Although ~20% of global carbonate occurs on extra-tropical shelves, our understanding of these depositional environments still lags far behind that of tropical carbonate platforms. The Maltese shelf in the central Mediterranean offers an opportunity to study in situ facies distribution in a light-dominated extra-tropical carbonate platform and the factors controlling them. The Maltese shelf visually exhibits three main facies: seagrass meadows; sand flats/bedforms and maerl. While visually distinctive, the allochem composition of the sediment does not offer a clear differentiation of all three but rather a gradient. This gradient is marked by increasing grain size with depth, a transition from green to red calcareous algae and an increase in the fraction of low Mg calcite. While some of these features could be explained by changes in light availability, other factors are also in play. Internal waves, currents and baffling by seafloor vegetation appear to play important roles in governing the sedimentary texture and composition across the Maltese shelf. The role of vegetated substrate is of greater importance in Mediterranean C-type carbonate factories and could be an important marker to identify them in the geological record.
Modeling of Harmful Algal Bloom Dynamics and Integrated Web Framework for Inland Waters in Iowa
Authors: Baydaroğlu Özlem , Yeşilköy Serhan , Dave Anchit , Linderman Marc , Demir Ibrahim
Published: May 2024

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are one of the major environmental concerns, as they have various negative effects on public health, recreational services, ecological balance, wildlife, fisheries, microbiota, water quality, and economics. HABs are caused by many sources, such as water pollution based on agricultural activities, wastewater treatment plant discharges, leakages from sewer systems, natural factors like pH and light levels, and climate change impacts. While many causes of HABs are recognized, it is unknown how toxin-producing algae develop as well as the key processes and components that contribute to their weight due to the distinct algal dynamics of each lake and the variety and unpredictability of the conditions influencing these dynamics. Modeling HABs in a changing climate is essential for achieving sustainable development goals regarding clean water and sanitation. However, the lack of consistent and adequate data on HABs is a significant challenge for all these studies. In this study, we employed the sparse identification nonlinear dynamics (SINDy) technique to model microcystin, an algal toxin, utilizing dissolved oxygen as a water quality metric and evaporation as a meteorological parameter. SINDy is a novel approach that combines sparse regression and machine learning methods to reconstruct the analytical representation of a dynamical system. Moreover, a model-driven and web-based interactive tool was created to disseminate and develop environmental education, raise public awareness on HAB events, and produce more effective solutions to HAB problems through what-if scenarios. This web platform allows tracking the status of HABs in lakes and observing the impact of specific parameters on harmful algae formation. Users can easily share images of HABs in lakes on an interactive and user-friendly platform, allowing others to view the status of the lakes.
Interpretable Quality Control of Sparsely Distributed Environmental Sensor Networks Using Graph Neural Networks
Authors: Lasota Elżbieta , Houben Timo , Polz Julius , Schmidt Lennart , Glawion Luca , Schäfer David , Bumberger Jan , Chwala Christian
Published: May 2024

Environmental sensor networks play a crucial role in monitoring key parameters essential for understanding Earth’s systems. To ensure the reliability and accuracy of collected data, effective quality control (QC) measures are essential. Conventional QC methods struggle to handle the complexity of environmental data. Conversely, advanced techniques such as neural networks, are typically not designed to process data from sensor networks with irregular spatial distribution. In this study, we focus on anomaly detection in environmental sensor networks using graph neural networks, which can represent sensor network structures as graphs. We investigate its performance on two datasets with distinct dynamics and resolution: commercial microwave link (CML) signal levels used for rainfall estimation and SoilNet soil moisture measurements. To evaluate the benefits of incorporating neighboring sensor information for anomaly detection, we compare two models: Graph Convolution Network (GCN) and a graph-less baseline-long short- term memory (LSTM). Our robust evaluation through 5-fold cross-validation demonstrates the superiority of the GCN models. For CML, the mean area under curve values for the GCN was 0.941 compared to 0.885 for the baseline-LSTM, and for SoilNet, it was 0.858 for GCN and 0.816 for the baseline-LSTM. Visual inspection of CML time series revealed that the GCN proficiently classified anomalies and remained resilient against rain-induced events often misidentified by the baseline- LSTM. However, for SoilNet, the advantage of GCN was less pronounced likely due to a fragile labeling strategy. Through interpretable model analysis, we demonstrate how feature attributions vividly illustrate the significance of neighboring sensor data, particularly in distinguishing between anomalies and expected changes in signal level in the time series.
Working memory related functional connectivity in adult ADHD and its amenability to training: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tolonen Tuija
Published: May 2024

Background: Working memory (WM) deficits are among the most prominent cognitive impairments in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). While functional brain connectivity in individuals with ADHD has been studied, alterations in WM-related functional brain networks and their malleability by cognitive training are not well known. We examined whole-brain functional connectivity differences between adults with and without ADHD during n-back WM tasks and rest at pretest, as well as the effects of WM training on functional and structural brain connectivity in the ADHD group.Methods: Forty-two adults with ADHD and 36 neurotypical (NT) controls performed visuospatial and verbal n-back tasks during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In addition, seven-minute resting state fMRI data and diffusion-weighted MR images were collected from all participants. The adults with ADHD continued into a 5-week randomized controlled WM training trial (experimental group training on a dual n-back task, n = 21; active control group training on Bejeweled II video game, n = 21), followed by a posttraining MRI. The primary outcome, functional brain connectivity, and the secondary outcome, structural brain connectivity, were examined with Network-Based Statistic.Results: At the pretest, adults with ADHD had decreased functional connectivity compared with the NT controls during both n-back tasks in networks encompassing fronto-parietal, temporal, occipital, cerebellar, and subcortical brain regions. Furthermore, WM-related connectivity in widespread networks was associated with performance accuracy in a continuous performance test. Regarding resting state connectivity, no group differences or associations with task performance were observed. Compared with the controls, WM training did not modulate functional or structural connectivity.Conclusion: Our results indicate large-scale abnormalities in functional brain networks underlying deficits in verbal and visuospatial WM commonly faced in ADHD. Training-induced plasticity in these networks may be limited.
Beyond the Individual: A Multilevel Model of Employees Perceived Organizational Support
Authors: Duhović Hafstad Marius
Published: May 2024

The focus of existing research on perceived organizational support (POS) has largely been concentrated at the individual-level, leaving an understudied gap at a higher unit-level of analysis. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the multilevel relationship between employee POS and job satisfaction, emphasizing the moderating role of unit-level POS. We hypothesize, based on POS theory and social comparison theory, that unit-level POS serves as a contextual moderator for the relationship between individual-level POS and job satisfaction. Additionally, at the unit-level, we identify clan culture values and unit-satisfaction as correlates of unit-POS. We test our hypotheses using a Bayesian Multilevel Structural Modeling approach on 45 work units and 317 employees. The results show that at low levels of unit-level POS, individual-level POS is more important for employee’s job satisfaction. We furthermore found support for a positive association between unit-level POS, unit-clan culture, and unit satisfaction. Our results, and their notable theoretical and practical implications, are discussed.
Attribution of Responsibility Between Agents in a Causal Chain
Authors: Cheung Vanessa , Qiao Mengxuan , Brown Teneille , Lagnado David
Published: May 2024

When ordinary people hear about a `hired gun' killing, who do they judge to be more responsible -- the person who instigated the killing or the person who executed it? In this paper, we explored the attribution of causal and moral responsibility in a causal chain of events, where an agent A instructs an intermediate agent B to execute some harmful action which leads to a bad outcome to a victim V. In Study 1, participants judged B to be more of a cause, more blameworthy, and more deserving of punishment than A. In Study 2, we explored the effect of proximity by adding a third, subsequent contributing cause, such that B's action no longer as closely and directly caused the final bad outcome. Across three vignettes, participants judged both agents to be less causal, blameworthy, and deserving of punishment when they were less proximal to the outcome, but still judged B to be more morally and causally responsible than A in all conditions. In Study 3, we varied whether each of the two agents (A and B) intended for the final outcome to occur. We found an interaction between role and intent, where participants only mitigated causal and moral judgments for A when A did not intend for the outcome to occur -- regardless of B's intent. We discuss possible explanations for our findings and its implications for moral and legal decision-making.
Evaluations of dominant leadership in workplaces are associated with paranoia
Authors: Horita Yutaka , Kawada Kotone
Published: May 2024

Lower social status is one of the social factors associated with paranoia—the belief that others have harmful intentions. From an evolutionary perspective, paranoia is an adaptive psychological mechanism for coping with social threats. Two types of social status have been theorized based on differences in the social influence of superiors on subordinates: prestige and dominance. Dominant superiors force their subordinates to obey them through threats, and subordinates are motivated to avoid these superiors. Conversely, subordinates voluntarily approach prestigious superiors to gain beneficial expertise. If paranoia functions as a response to social threats, it is strongly associated with evaluations of superiors’ dominance in an immediate environment. A web-based survey of full-time workers (N = 300) examined the correlations between paranoia, evaluations of dominance and prestige toward leaders, and willingness to learn from leaders. We distinguished between a familiar leader (a workplace supervisor) and a distant leader (a leader in the broader community). In support of our hypothesis, paranoia was positively associated with the evaluation of a familiar leader’s dominance, but not with that of a distant leader’s dominance. However, contrary to our prediction, paranoia was positively associated with willingness to learn from leaders regardless of the type of leader.
Testing Sexual Strategy Theory in Norway
Authors: Mehmetoglu Mehmet , Määttänen Ilmari , Mittner Matthias
Published: May 2024

Choosing a romantic partner for a long-term relationship is one of the most significant decisions one makes during a lifetime. We have inherited an evolved framework from our ancestors that contains traits as well as preferences for these traits to solve this task. We use this framework consciously or unconsciously to choose prospective romantic partners. Following this reasoning, sexual strategy theory (SST) has been proposed to predict [which traits]{.highlight} women and men prefer in a romantic partner for a long-term relationship. These predictions are empirically tested in the current work based on a sample of 1193 Norwegian adolescents who responded to an online questionnaire. We [implement]{.highlight} the study hypotheses, derived from SST, in three statistical models, which are tested using structural equation modelling. In brief, our results reveal that [women value resources more than men only when we control for materialistic trait]{.highlight}. This finding contrasts SST's prediction that women would value resources more than men, [independent of other variables]{.highlight}. As for the second prediction that men value physical attractiveness more than women, this pattern exists [universally and is independent of, for instance, how egalitarian they are]{.highlight}. We thus conclude that SST is only partially supported and that variables that may reflect societal circumstances (e.g. wealth, gender equality) should be considered when examining the mate choice behaviour of women and men. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are also discussed.
The intimacy of psychedelics, language, and consciousness.
Authors: Skipper Jeremy I , Fejer George , Koroma Matthieu , Roseman Leor
Published: May 2024

This interview explores the intimate relationship between language and consciousness, drawing insights from aphasia phenomenology, psychedelic experiences, and neuroscientific theories. Jeremy I. Skipper, a cognitive neuroscientist, argues that language is not merely a tool for reporting conscious experiences but plays a generative role in shaping and sustaining consciousness itself. He critiques localizationist models of language processing, emphasizing the context-dependence and dynamic recruitment of brain regions. Parallels are drawn between the experiences of aphasic patients, who report a loss of self-narrative and increased connectedness, and the phenomenology of psychedelic states, which often involve a dissolution of linguistic categories and a sense of ineffability. Skipper outlines potential neural mechanisms linking language disruption to psychedelic experiences and discusses the UNITy Project, aimed in part at studying post-acute meaning-making processes and predicting changes in language and well-being after psychedelic sessions.
Manifesting a Crip Linguistic Theory through a Critical Disability Raciolinguistic Perspective
Authors: Hou Lynn , Namboodiripad Savithry
Published: May 2024

The language practices and experiences of ethnically and racially minoritized users of signed languages have been ignored and marginalized within sign language linguistics. We try to explain why, giving some historical grounding and locating the issue in the theoretical assumptions from socially dominant approaches to linguistics in North America. We bring a Critical Disability Raciolinguistic perspective (Cioè-Peña 2021) to Crip Linguistics (Henner & Robinson 2023), and show how this approach undoes the harmful logics inherited from hegemonic spoken language linguistic theories. We then consider some assumptions which would need to be rejected and embraced in order to work toward a Crip Linguistic Theory. We conclude that a linguistic theory which enacts Jon Henner’s ethos towards language is one that we can and must try to manifest.
The Identification of Upwelling in the Occurrence of Tropical Cyclone Charlotte in the Waters of Southern Java (Case Study: March 17-28, 2022)
Authors: Prasetya Muhammad Ridwan , Avrionesti Avrionesti , Haryanto Yosafat Donni , Qomariyatuzzamzami Latifah Nurul
Published: May 2024

Tropical cyclones are one of the meteorological phenomena that can have negative impacts on humans. These impacts can include heavy rainfall leading to floods and even storm surges. However, tropical cyclones can also have positive effects as they can trigger upwelling. Upwelling affects the fisheries aspect because in areas where upwelling occurs, sea surface temperatures are lower, and nutrients (such as phosphate and nitrate) are lifted from deeper layers of the ocean, which can affect the growth of phytoplankton. The objective of this research is to identify and analyze the upwelling phenomenon in the waters south of Java Island during the occurrence of Tropical Cyclone Charlotte. The data used in this research includes the intensity and movement direction of Tropical Cyclone Charlotte from the zoom.earth website and sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a, mixed layer depth (MLD), and sea level anomaly data from the E.U. Copernicus Marine Service Information (CMEMS)-Global Monitoring and Forecasting Center during March 17-28, 2022. The results of this research indicate that upwelling was not identified during the period before or after the cyclone, as evidenced by sea surface temperatures between 28.5-29.5°C, chlorophyll-α concentration of <0.15 mg/m3, and a sea level rise of 0.1 m
Posibilidades de uso de hongos entomopatógenos nativos para el control de plagas en la agricultura y ganadería en uruguay
Authors: Rodríguez A.
Published: May 2024

En Uruguay, se ha incursionado poco en esta rama del Control Biológico. Estudios recientes enmarcados en el desarrollo de una tesis doctoral en la Universidad de la Habana-Cuba, y con los trabajos de investigación llevados a cabo en sistemas de producción orgánica e integrada, brindan resultados promisorios en este campo. Actualmente, nuevas investigaciones llevadas a cabo en el Batoví Instituto Orgánico, permiten promisoriamente conocer la existencia de plagas de la agricultura y la ganadería que son afectadas por hongos entomopatógenos que se encuentran naturalmente generando epizootias, con diferentes grados de eficiencia. Esto es indicador de que tenemos en el país, una presencia natural de estos organismos, muy variada y que podría ser fuente de una amplia gama de alternativas de control para plagas de importancia, lo que traería múltiples ventajas, económicas, sociales y ambientales, para lo cual se requiere de desarrollo científico, legal y organizativo del país.
Evaluasi Perubahan Penggunaan Tanah dengan Pendekatan Sistem Informasi Geografis Bagian Wilayah Perkotaan Diwek, Kabupaten Jombang
Authors: Maharani Lala Putri , Sutaryono Sutaryono , Martanto Rochmat
Published: May 2024

Population growth and regional development continue to increase, but land availability is limited, requiring harmony between land use and spatial planning policies to avoid conflicts of interest. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of changes in land use to the Detailed Spatial Planning Plan (RDTR) and to carry out analysis related to potential changes in land use during the 2017–2037 RDTR for the Diwek Urban Area. A survey research method employs a descriptive approach. The survey method is carried out during a ground check of actual land use. Apart from that, interviews were also conducted with related parties. A descriptive approach is used in order to display a real picture of the object under study. The analysis model in this study uses an overlay technique to use Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. The results of the first analysis show that there are three classifications of suitability of land use changes to the RDTR, namely suitable (882.05 ha), not suitable (272.56 ha), and not suitable (38 ha). Second, the potential for changes in land use during the Diwek BWP RDTR is divided into three classifications: potential to change according to the RDTR (272.56 ha), change not according to the RDTR (38 ha), and no potential to change according to the RDTR (882.05
 
Pertumbuhan penduduk dan pembangunan wilayah yang terus meningkat, namun ketersediaan tanah yang terbatas, memerlukan keselarasan antara penggunaan tanah dan kebijakan penataan ruang supaya tidak terjadi benturan kepentingan. Tujuan kajian ini dilakukan adalah untuk mengetahui kesesuaian perubahan penggunaan tanah terhadap Rencana Detail Tata Ruang (RDTR) serta melakukan analisis terkait dengan potensi perubahan penggunaan tanah selama RDTR Bagian Wilayah Perkotaan Diwek 2017-2037 berlaku. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian survei dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Metode survei dilakukan pada saat ground check penggunaan tanah aktual. Selain itu dilakukan pula wawancara dengan para pihak terkait. Pendekatan deskriptif digunakan agar dapat menampilkan gambaran nyata dari objek yang diteliti. Model analisis pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknologi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dengan melakukan teknik tumpang susun (overlay). Hasil analisis yang pertama menunjukkan terdapat tiga klasifikasi kesesuaian perubahan penggunaan tanah terhadap RDTR yaitu sesuai (882,05 ha), belum sesuai (272,56 ha), dan tidak sesuai (38 ha). Kedua, potensi perubahan penggunaan tanah selama RDTR BWP Diwek berlaku dibuat dalam tiga klasifikasi yaitu berpotensi berubah sesuai RDTR (272,56 ha), berubah tidak sesuai RDTR (38 ha), dan tidak berpotensi berubah sesuai RDTR (882,05 ha).