bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Coccygectomy Using the “Z” Plasty Technique of Wound Closure
Authors: Kulkarni Arvind G. , Tapashetti Sandeep , Tambwekar Viraj S.
Published: March 2019

Study Design:

Technical note.

Objectives:

Coccygectomy for chronic coccydynia has a high rate of successful clinical outcome. However, the procedure is associated with increased incidence of wound dehiscence and surgical site infection. The main objective was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of coccygectomy using the Z plasty technique of wound closure.

Methods:

Patients with chronic coccydynia refractory to conservative treatment underwent coccygectomy followed by Z plasty technique of wound closure between January 2013 and February 2018. Primary outcome measure was evaluation of the wound healing in the postoperative period and at follow-up; secondary outcome measure included visual analogue scale (VAS) score for coccygeal pain.

Results:

Ten patients (male:female 6:4) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean age of patients was 40.78 years (range 19-55 years). The mean follow-up was 1.75 years (range 6 months to 5 years). All wounds healed well with no incidence of wound dehiscence or surgical site infections. The mean VAS improved from 7.33 ± 0.5 to 2.11 ± 1.2 ( P < .05). Nine patients reported excellent outcomes and 1 patient reported poor outcome with regards to relief from coccydynia.

Conclusion:

Z plasty technique of wound closure is recommended as procedure of choice to avoid wound healing problems and surgical site infections associated with coccygectomy. Coccygectomy remains a successful treatment modality for chronic coccydynia.
Comparison of gait variability and symmetry in trained individuals with transtibial and transfemoral limb loss
Authors: Keklicek Hilal , Kirdi Elif , Yalcin Ali , Topuz Semra , Ulger Ozlem , Erbahceci Fatih , Sener Gul
Published: March 2019

Purpose:

Gait variability is a determinant of qualified locomotion and is useful for monitoring the effects of therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study was to compare gait variability and symmetry in trained individuals with transtibial (TT) amputation and transfemoral (TF) amputation.

Methods:

The design of this study was planned as observational. Eleven individuals with TF amputation, 14 individuals with TT amputation, and 14 healthy individuals (HI) were evaluated with a motorized treadmill. The mean step length, the step length variability, an ambulation index, and the time on each foot (stance phase symmetry) of participants were recorded.

Results:

There were differences between the three groups in the residual/non-preferred limb (RNp) step length ( p = 0.031), the intact/preferred (IP) limb step length variability ( p = 0.001), the RNp step length variability ( p < 0.001), the time on each foot ( p < 0.001), and the ambulation index score ( p < 0.001). There was a similarity between the groups (TF, TT, HI) in IP limb step lengths ( p = 0.127) and duration of prosthesis usage since amputation in individuals with lower limb loss ( p = 0.224).

Conclusions:

This study provided basic data about gait variability and symmetry in individuals with traumatic lower limb loss. The results of the study showed that the variability of gait increased with the level of loss, and individuals with TT amputation showed partially equivalent performance with the healthy group. Similarities in gait characteristics may have resulted from effective prosthetic usage or effective gait rehabilitation.
Cryotherapy following total knee arthroplasty: What is the evidence?
Authors: Thacoor A , Sandiford NA
Published: March 2019

Background:

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an important option in the management of severe osteoarthritis. Despite excellent long-term results following TKA, the immediate postoperative period is often associated with pain, bleeding, edema, and reduced range of movement. Cryotherapy has been shown to provide some benefit in addressing these factors but results are largely controversial. This study aims at reviewing the current existing literature on the effects of cryotherapy following TKA.

Methods:

A comprehensive review of the current literature on the use of cryotherapy in knee arthroplasty was performed. The literature search was performed using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and cross references using the search words “cryotherapy” AND “knee arthroplasty” for articles published between January 1990 and November 2016.

Results:

A total of 51 articles were analyzed and 24 of them were selected based on clinical relevance.

Conclusion:

Immediate and early postoperative management following TKA remains challenging. Cryotherapy has been shown to have some benefits but the severe lack of level 1 studies supporting its use make it difficult to reach a suitable conclusion. Further multicenter randomized controlled trials with representative populations and fair comparison of devices are needed.
What Percentage of Americans Have Ever Had a Family Member Incarcerated?: Evidence from the Family History of Incarceration Survey (FamHIS)
Authors: Enns Peter K. , Yi Youngmin , Comfort Megan , Goldman Alyssa W. , Lee Hedwig , Muller Christopher , Wakefield Sara , Wang Emily A. , Wildeman Christopher
Published: March 2019

What percentage of Americans have ever had a family member incarcerated? To answer this question, we designed the Family History of Incarceration Survey (FamHIS). The survey was administered in the summer of 2018 by NORC at the University of Chicago using their AmeriSpeak Panel. It was funded by FWD.us, which released a separate report using the data. The data show that 45 percent of Americans have ever had an immediate family member incarcerated. The incarceration of an immediate family member was most prevalent for blacks (63 percent) but common for whites (42 percent) and Hispanics (48 percent) as well. College graduates had a lower risk of having a family member incarcerated, but the risk for black college graduates was comparatively high. The most common form of family member incarceration was the incarceration of a sibling.
Identification of enhancer of mRNA decapping 4 as a novel fusion partner of MLL in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Becker Heiko , Greve Gabriele , Kataoka Keisuke , Mallm Jan-Philipp , Duque-Afonso Jesús , Ma Tobias , Niemöller Christoph , Pantic Milena , Duyster Justus , Cleary Michael L. , Schüler Julia , Rippe Karsten , Ogawa Seishi , Lübbert Michael
Published: March 2019

Key Points

mRNA decapping gene EDC4 is a novel fusion partner of MLL in AML. Genes functioning in mRNA decapping may compose a distinct group of MLL fusion partners that links MLL function with mRNA decapping in AML.
European Respiratory Society International Congress 2018: four shades of epidemiology and tobacco control
Authors: de Vries Maaike , Axson Eleanor L. , Ratanachina Jate , Dumas Orianne , De Matteis Sara , Bédard Annabelle , Roda Célina , Moitra Subhabrata , Dagli Elif , Diamanti Athina , Dilektasli Asli Gorek , Ravara Sofia , Amaral André F.S.
Published: March 2019

In this article, early career members and experienced members of the Epidemiology and Environment Assembly of the European Respiratory Society highlight and summarise a selection of six sessions from the Society's annual congress, which in 2018 was held in Paris, France. The topics covered in these sessions span from cutting-edge molecular epidemiology of lung function to clinical, occupational and environmental epidemiology of respiratory disease, and from emergent tobacco products to tobacco control.
Majority of B2M-Mutant and -Deficient Colorectal Carcinomas Achieve Clinical Benefit From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy and Are Microsatellite Instability-High
Authors: Middha Sumit , Yaeger Rona , Shia Jinru , Stadler Zsofia K. , King Sarah , Guercio Shanna , Paroder Victoriya , Bates David D.B. , Rana Satshil , Diaz Luis A. , Saltz Leonard , Segal Neil , Ladanyi Marc , Zehir Ahmet , Hechtman Jaclyn F.
Published: March 2019

PURPOSE

Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) show high rates of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (IOs). B2M mutations and protein loss have been proposed as causes of resistance to IOs, yet they are enriched in MSI-H CRC. We aimed to characterize B2M-mutant, IO-naive CRC.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

All CRCs with results for Memorial Sloan Kettering Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets, a next-generation sequencing assay that interrogates > 400 genes for mutations as well as MSI status, were surveyed for B2M mutations. All B2M-mutant CRCs were assessed for expression of B2M, major histocompatibility complex class I, and programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L1) via immunohistochemistry and average CD3+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte counts against a control group of MSI-H B2M wild-type CRCs.

RESULTS

Fifty-nine (3.4%) of 1,751 patients with CRC harbored B2M mutations, with 84% (77 of 92) of the mutations predicted to be truncating. B2M mutations were significantly enriched in MSI-H CRCs, with 44 (24%) of 182 MSI-H CRCs harboring B2M mutations ( P < .001). Thirty-two of 44 B2M-mutant CRCs with available material (73%) had complete loss of B2M expression, whereas all 26 CRCs with wild-type B2M retained expression ( P < .001). B2M mutation status was not associated with major histocompatibility complex class I expression, KRAS or BRAF mutation, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte level, or PD-L1 expression after adjustment for MSI status. Of 13 patients with B2M-mutant CRC who received programmed death-1 or PD-L1 IOs, 11 (85%) achieved clinical benefit, defined as stable disease or partial response using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria.

CONCLUSION

B2M mutations occur in approximately 24% of MSI-H CRCs and are usually associated with loss of B2M expression. Most patients with B2M-mutant MSI-H CRC with loss of protein expression obtain clinical benefit from IOs.
Softness sensing and learning inDrosophilalarvae
Authors: Kudow Nana , Kamikouchi Azusa , Tanimura Teiichi
Published: March 2019

Mechanosensation provides animals with important sensory information in addition to olfaction and gustation during feeding behavior. Here we use Drosophila larvae to investigate the role of softness sensing in behavior and learning. In the natural environment, Drosophila larvae need to dig into soft foods for feeding. Finding foods that are soft enough to dig into is likely to be essential for their survival. We report that Drosophila larvae can discriminate between different agar concentrations and prefer softer agar. Interestingly, we show that larvae on a harder place search for a softer place using memory associated with an odor and that they evaluate foods by balancing softness and sweetness. These findings suggest that Drosophila larvae integrate mechanosensory information with chemosensory input while foraging. Moreover, we find that the larval preference for softness is affected by genetic background.
Advancing the international data science workforce through shared training and education
Authors: Van Horn John , Abe Sumiko , Ambite José Luis , Attwood Teresa K. , Beard Niall , Bellis Louisa , Bhattrai Avnish , Bui Alex , Burns Gully , Fierro Lily , Gordon Jonathan , Grethe Jeffrey , Kamdar Jeana , Lei Xiaoyu , Lerman Kristina , McGrath Annette , Mulder Nicola , O'Driscoll Caroline , Stewart Crystal , Tyagi Sonika
Published: March 2019

The increasing richness and diversity of biomedical data types creates major organizational and analytical impediments to rapid translational impact in the context of training and education. As biomedical data-sets increase in size, variety and complexity, they challenge conventional methods for sharing, managing and analyzing those data. In May 2017, we convened a two-day meeting between the BD2K Training Coordinating Center (TCC), ELIXIR Training/TeSS, GOBLET, H3ABioNet, EMBL-ABR, bioCADDIE and the CSIRO, in Huntington Beach, California, to compare and contrast our respective activities, and how these might be leveraged for wider impact on an international scale. Discussions focused on the role of i) training for biomedical data science; ii) the need to promote core competencies, and the ii) development of career paths. These led to specific conversations about i) the values of standardizing and sharing data science training resources; ii) challenges in encouraging adoption of training material standards; iii) strategies and best practices for the personalization and customization of learning experiences; iv) processes of identifying stakeholders and determining how they should be accommodated; and v) discussions of joint partnerships to lead the world on data science training in ways that benefit all stakeholders. Generally, international cooperation was viewed as essential for accommodating the widest possible participation in the modern bioscience enterprise, providing skills in a truly “FAIR” manner, addressing the importance of data science understanding worldwide. Several recommendations for the exchange of educational frameworks are made, along with potential sources for support, and plans for further cooperative efforts are presented.
Molecular epidemiological analysis of wild animal rabies isolates from India
Authors: Reddy Gundallhalli Bayyappa Manjunatha , Singh Rajendra , Singh Karam Pal , Sharma Anil Kumar , Vineetha Sobharani , Saminathan Mani , Sajjanar Basavaraj
Published: March 2019

Aim: This study was conducted to know the genetic variability of rabies viruses (RVs) from wild animals in India.

Materials and Methods: A total of 20 rabies suspected brain samples of wild animals from different states of India were included in the study. The samples were subjected for direct fluorescent antibody test (dFAT), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). The phylogenetic analysis of partial nucleoprotein gene sequences was performed.

Results: Of 20 samples, 11, 10, and 12 cases were found positive by dFAT, RT-PCR, and RT-qPCR, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all Indian wild RVs isolates belonged to classical genotype 1 of Lyssavirus and were closely related to Arctic/Arctic-like single cluster indicating the possibility of a spillover of rabies among different species.

Conclusion: The results indicated the circulation of similar RVs in sylvatic and urban cycles in India. However, understanding the role of wild animals as reservoir host needs to be studied in India.
Curcumin Analog Pentagamaboronon-0-Sorbitol Inhibits Cell Migration Activity of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Ramadani Ratna Dwi , Utomo Rohmad Yudi , Hermawan Adam , Meiyanto Edy
Published: March 2019

Mortality in cancer is primarily due to failure of metastasis prevention. One strategy to target the cancerous cell is Boron Neutron Captured Therapy which showed high affinity toward cancer cells and reported to have anti-proliferative as well as antimetastatic activities. Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, has developed boron-containing substance namely pentagamaboronon-0 (PGB-0) which is known to exhibit anticancer activity towards breast cancer cell. The purposes of this research are focused to explore the anti-migratory activities of PGB-0-So against triple negative breast cancer cell. The MTT cytotoxicity assay of PGB-0-So against 4T1 breast cancer cell line were found to exert potential effect in dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 39 μM. The study of cell migration inhibition using in vitro wound healing assays and gelatin zymography on highly metastasis breast cancer cell line 4T1, following the treatment of sub IC50 doses of PGB-0-So complex slightly inhibited cell migration through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. These findings suggest that PGB-0-So is potential as an anticancer agent.Keywords : curcumin analogue, PGB-0-So, 4T1 Cells, migration, MMP-9
Pemodelan Galloping Sebagai Media Energy Harvester Dengan Tipbody Berbentuk Triangular Menggunakan Piezoelectric
Authors: Anwar Yusran , Haryanto Ismoyo , Widodo Achmad , Jamari Jamari
Published: March 2019

Studi mengenai pemanen energi (energy harvesting) berbasis aeroelastik dari waktu ke waktu menunjukkan peningkatan yang pesat. Aeroelastik adalah fenomena fisik yang melibatkan interaksi aspek-aspek inersia, elastik dan aerodinamika. Salah satu fenomena ketidakstabilan aeroelastik klasik yang sering ditemuai adalah galloping, dimana getaran yang muncul dapat dicirikan sebagai frekuensi osilasi rendah dan amplitudo besar. Oleh karena amplitudo osilasi yang besar maka galloping dapat menjadi skenario yang dapat diterima untuk menggerakkan pemanen energi berbasis piezoelektrik. Pada penerapannya alat pemenanen energi ini dimanifestasikan dalam sebuah batang kantilever yang diberi sebuah pemberat di ujung bebasnya. Adapun osilasi, yang muncul akibat interaksi dengan aliran fluida yang melaluinya, terjadi di bidang normal terhadap arah aliran angin. Pada batang kantilever tersebut ditempelkan piezoelektrik yang akibat adanya regangan dinamis energi listrik dapat diektrasi dari energi mekanik. Dalam penelitian ini, sebuah model teoritis dikembangkan untuk memprediksi karakteristik dinamika sistem pemanen energi dengan bodi aerodinamis berpenampang segitiga. Prosedur FEM digunakan untuk menentukan frekuensi natural dan bentuk modus struktur. Selain itu, gaya galloping yang diinduksi dimodelkan dengan menggunakan aproksimasi kuasi-stedi. Untuk tujuan ini, koefisien-koefisien gaya angkat dan gaya hambat bodi aerodinamis untuk bilangan Reynolds tertentu dan berbagai sudut serang ditentukan menggunakan prosedur dinamika fluida komputasional (CFD). Respon dinamis dari pemanen kemudian dapat diperoleh secara langsung dengan memecahkan persamaan diferensial yang mewakili gerakan transversal pemanen energi. Dari hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa simulasi yang dikembangkan pada penelitian ini memberikan keluaran tegangan listrik maksimum yang mempunyai perbedaan sekitar 1 % dibanding dengan keluaran tegangan listrik yang diperoleh dari pengujian. Pada penelitian ini variasi bilangan Reynold, berat pada tip mass dan besarnya hambatan juga dilakukan.
Diagnosis Kerusakan Roda Gigi dengan Metode Ensemble Emperical Mode Decomposition (EEMD)
Authors: Pradika Eky Fortuna , Widodo Achmad , Haryanto Ismoyo
Published: March 2019

Perawatan mesin merupakan suatu kombinasi dari berbagai tindakan yang dilakukan untuk menjaga performa mesin atau memperbaikinya sampai pada suatu kondisi yang bisa diterima. Dalam dunia industri, pemeliharaan memberikan pengaruh yang sangat besar bagi kondisi mesin dan jumlah produksi. Penggunaan mesin dalam jangka waktu lama tentunya akan membutuhkan perawatan, salah satu metode perawatan adalah perawatan prediktif. Roda gigi adalah komponen yang sangat penting pada mesin, oleh karenanya roda gigi juga perlu diperhatikan kondisinya untuk menghindari kerusakan pada saat pengoperasian mesin. Macam-macam kerusakan pada roda gigi yang sering terjadi diantaranya adalah keausan, retak, dan patah roda gigi. Untuk mengetahui keausan pada roda gigi, diperlukan adanya indikator yang dapat menunjukan keausan roda gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiagnosa kondisi roda gigi dengan menggunakan metode ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). Artikel ini juga membahas tentang beberapa fitur ekstraksi yang digunakan seperti: spectrogram, RMS, kurtosis, dan crest factor sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perbedaan kondisi roda gigi pada keadaan normal, aus dan patah poros dapat dideteksi dengan menggunakan metode EEMD dengan melihat kemunculan peak. Pada fitur spectrogram terlihat jelas warna merah gelap yang menunjukan terdapatnya getaran yang tinggi pada frekuensi tertentu yang mengindikasi terjadinya getaran pada frekuensi tersebut.
DESAIN BAND PASS FILTER DIGITAL FIR DENGAN METODE KAISER WINDOW UNTUK MEMFILTER SINYAL PINGER 37.5 kHz
Authors: Sawitri Kania , Rustamaji Rustamaji
Published: March 2019

Sinyal pinger dengan frekuensi 37.5 kHz dipancarkan oleh “Beacon black box locator acoustic 37.5 kHz” yang terdapat pada black box, dapat dideteksi menggunakan sensor berupa hydrophone, yang dilengkapi dengan rangkaian filter yang berfungsi untuk memilah sinyal 37.5 kHz dari sinyal-sinyal lain yang tidak diinginkan. Makalah ini membahas tentang desain band pass filter yang sesuai untuk memilah sinyal pinger yang bekerja pada daerah frekuensi 35.5 kHz sampai dengan 39.5 kHz dengan menggunakan metode Kaiser window. Hasil desain filter yang diperoleh secara respons frekuensi bentuknya sudah sesuai dengan yang direncanakan yaitu respons frekuensi band pass filter digital. Band pass filter digital dengan metode Kaiser window yang dipilih adalah untuk β=3 dan panjang N=24.
Seeing Your Foot Move Changes Muscle Proprioceptive Feedback
Authors: Ackerley Rochelle , Chancel Marie , Aimonetti Jean-Marc , Ribot-Ciscar Edith , Kavounoudias Anne
Published: March 2019

Multisensory effects are found when the input from single senses combines, and this has been well researched in the brain. Presently, we examined in humans the potential impact of visuo-proprioceptive interactions at the peripheral level, using microneurography, and compared it with a similar behavioral task. We used a paradigm where participants had either proprioceptive information only (no vision) or combined visual and proprioceptive signals (vision). We moved the foot to measure changes in the sensitivity of single muscle afferents, which can be altered by the descending fusimotor drive. Visual information interacted with proprioceptive information, where we found that for the same passive movement, the response of muscle afferents increased when the proprioceptive channel was the only source of information, as compared with when visual cues were added, regardless of the attentional level. Behaviorally, when participants looked at their foot moving, they more accurately judged differences between movement amplitudes, than in the absence of visual cues. These results impact our understanding of multisensory interactions throughout the nervous system, where the information from different senses can modify the sensitivity of peripheral receptors. This has clinical implications, where future strategies may modulate such visual signals during sensorimotor rehabilitation.
Extrafield Activity Shifts the Place Field Center of Mass to Encode Aversive Experience
Authors: Mamad Omar , Agayby Beshoy , Stumpp Lars , Reilly Richard B. , Tsanov Marian
Published: March 2019

Hippocampal place cells are known to have a key role in encoding spatial information. Aversive stimuli, such as predator odor, evoke place field remapping and a change in preferred firing locations. However, it remains unclear how place cells use positive or negative experiences to remap. We investigated whether CA1 place cells, recorded from behaving rats, remap randomly or whether their reconfiguration depends on the perceived location of the aversive stimulus. Exposure to trimethylthiazoline (TMT; an innately aversive odor), increased the amplitude of hippocampal β oscillations in the two arms of the maze in which TMT exposure occurred. We found that a population of place cells with fields located outside the TMT arms increased their activity (extrafield spiking) in the TMT arms during the aversive episodes. Moreover, in the subsequent post-TMT recording, these cells exhibited a significant shift in their center of mass (COM) towards the TMT arms. The induction of extrafield plasticity was mediated by the basolateral amygdala complex (BLA). Photostimulation of the BLA triggered aversive behavior, synchronized hippocampal local field oscillations, and increased the extrafield spiking of the hippocampal place cells for the first 100 ms after light delivery. Optogenetic BLA activation triggered an increase in extrafield spiking activity that was correlated with the degree of place field plasticity. Furthermore, BLA-mediated increase of the extrafield activity predicts the degree of subsequent field plasticity. Our findings demonstrate that that the remapping of hippocampal place cells during aversive episodes is not random but it depends on the location of the aversive stimulus.
The Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex Exhibits Flexible Neural Activity States during the Performance of an Odor Span Task
Authors: De Falco Emanuela , An Lei , Sun Ninglei , Roebuck Andrew J. , Greba Quentin , Lapish Christopher C. , Howland John G.
Published: March 2019

Medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity is fundamental for working memory (WM), attention, and behavioral inhibition; however, a comprehensive understanding of the neural computations underlying these processes is still forthcoming. Toward this goal, neural recordings were obtained from the mPFC of awake, behaving rats performing an odor span task of WM capacity. Neural populations were observed to encode distinct task epochs and the transitions between epochs were accompanied by abrupt shifts in neural activity patterns. Putative pyramidal neuron activity increased earlier in the delay for sessions where rats achieved higher spans. Furthermore, increased putative interneuron activity was only observed at the termination of the delay thus indicating that local processing in inhibitory networks was a unique feature to initiate foraging. During foraging, changes in neural activity patterns associated with the approach to a novel odor, but not familiar odors, were robust. Collectively, these data suggest that distinct mPFC activity states underlie the delay, foraging, and reward epochs of the odor span task. Transitions between these states likely enables adaptive behavior in dynamic environments that place strong demands on the substrates of working memory.
The Human Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex: Sulcal Morphology and Its Influence on Functional Organization
Authors: Lopez-Persem Alizée , Verhagen Lennart , Amiez Céline , Petrides Michael , Sallet Jérôme
Published: March 2019

The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), which comprises several distinct cytoarchitectonic areas, is a key brain region supporting decision-making processes, and it has been shown to be one of the main hubs of the Default Mode Network, a network classically activated during resting state. We here examined the interindividual variability in the vmPFC sulcal morphology in 57 humans (37 females) and demonstrated that the presence/absence of the inferior rostral sulcus and the subgenual intralimbic sulcus influences significantly the sulcal organization of this region. Furthermore, the sulcal organization influences the location of the vmPFC peak of the Default Mode Network, demonstrating that the location of functional activity can be affected by local sulcal patterns. These results are critical for the investigation of the function of the vmPFC and show that taking into account the sulcal variability might be essential to guide the interpretation of neuroimaging studies.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is one of the main hubs of the Default Mode Network and plays a central role in value coding and decision-making. The present study provides a complete description of the interindividual variability of anatomical morphology of this large portion of prefrontal cortex and its relation to functional organization. We have shown that two supplementary medial sulci predominantly determine the organization of the vmPFC, which in turn affects the location of the functional peak of activity in this region. Those results show that taking into account the variability in sulcal patterns might be essential to guide the interpretation of neuroimaging studies of the human brain and of the vmPFC in particular.
The Correlation between Physical Environmental Factors and the Occurrence of Leptospirosis
Authors: Kurniawati Ratna Dian , Nuryati Sri
Published: March 2019

Leptospirosis is a disease caused by a bacteria called Leptospira. Environmental risk factors for leptospirosis include biological, social, and physical (river or bodies of water, ditches, puddles, and the distance between the settlement area with garbage disposal area).This research aimed to determine the correlation between the physical environmental factors with the evidence of leptospirosis in Sukahaji Village, Babakan Ciparay District of Bandung City in 2017. The design of this research is a survey with cross-sectional approach. We used 100 population samples in this research. The Technique of obtaining data with observation sheet is using sheet checklist. We did univariate and multivariate data analysis using Chi square.The results showed that most of  the population experienced leptrospirosis, and most of the physical environment such as rivers or bodies of water, ditches, puddles, and the distance between settlement area with the garbage disposal area are the risk factors of leptospirosis.
Social Epidemiology Analysis of Overweight in Toodler at Sukagumiwang Public Health Center Indramayu District
Authors: Muharry Andy , Kumalasari Isti
Published: March 2019

The prevalence of obesity in children has increased from year to year. Patterns and eating behaviors, lack of physical activity and heredity are considered factors causing overweight.The purpose of this study to analyze the social epidemiology of overweight incidence at Sukagumiwang Public Health Center. This research was conducted in 2017 with research subjects being parents of toddlers. The sampling technique is total sampling. This research uses concurrent embedded design. Interviews conducted on parents who have a fat toddler. The questionnaires were distributed to the case and control group of 36 people.The results of research states that socioeconomic status and social capital are not related to the incidence of obesity.Toddlers with obesity have diverse backgrounds.Negative social support and stigma received by toddlers with obesity resulted in psychological impact and less toddler interactions.Toddlers with obesity feel different from other toddlers. Diet by consuming sweetened condensed milk and packaged sweet drinks every day triggers overweight.
La controversia en torno a Antonio Vendetti (1699-1796), un platero y broncista entre Roma y Madrid. La importancia del dibujo y del modelado como expresión y habilidad de los plateros en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Vale Teresa Leonor
Published: March 2019

Antonio Vendetti nació en Cottanello, en el año de 1699 y ejerció su actividad profesional en Roma. Desde esa ciudad trabajó para el rey de Portugal, D. Juan V, llamado el Magnánimo y uno de los más importantes comitentes del barroco romano. Durante veinte años vivió en España, país al que legó un conjunto significativo de obras en plata y en bronce. En este texto tenemos la intención de acercarnos a la figura de Vendetti y a las obras que dejó en España y Portugal, pero también considerar la destreza de los plateros del siglo XVIII en el dibujo y el modelado. Nos ocuparemos también de la controversia pública que rodeó a este platero en 1756, en la medida en que ello nos permitirá discutir la importancia de dichas habilidades para el ejercicio del oficio de platero en este período.
Arqueología y arquitectura de San Martiño de Mondoñedo (Foz, Lugo). Revisión crítica y nuevas aportaciones
Authors: Sánchez Pardo José Carlos , Castiñeiras López Javier , Sanjurjo Sánchez Jorge
Published: March 2019

En este trabajo se pretende, primeramente, revisar y analizar de forma crítica y comparada toda la información histórico-artística y arqueológica existente sobre San Martiño de Mondoñedo, para posteriormente ofrecer algunos nuevos datos sobre los orígenes y evolución de este emblemático edificio entre la Alta y Plena Edad Media. Para ello nos basaremos en una aproximación arqueológica a los paramentos del edificio así como en la datación mediante Luminiscencia y Radiocarbono de diversos elementos de la cúpula de este edificio. Frente a las ideas tradicionalmente sostenidas, los resultados preliminares, a falta de nuevos y necesarios estudios, sugieren que no hay indicios para hablar de una ocupación del siglo VI en el lugar, y que el edificio románico actual, pese a emplear piezas reutilizadas, no parece presentar restos de muros prerrománicos en pie. Por su parte, la datación de morteros de la cúpula confirma su construcción en el siglo XII.
La platería civil compostelana en el tránsito del siglo XIX al XX a través de las fotografías inéditas del archivo del platero Ricardo Martínez Costoya
Authors: Pérez Varela Ana
Published: March 2019

Ricardo Martínez Costoya fue uno de los artífices más importantes de la Compostela del cambio del siglo XIX al XX, protagonizada por el efervescente contexto de reactivación de las peregrinaciones y la actividad artística tras la segunda inventio de los restos del Apóstol en 1879. El archivo personal que guardó el platero, compuesto por fotografías y bocetos, y hasta ahora inédito, reúne una valiosa muestra de piezas de platería, y resulta especialmente interesante para estudiar obras civiles, muy escasas en Galicia. El catálogo del artífice, con más de ciento cincuenta piezas y sesenta bocetos, constituye el conjunto más numeroso de obras conocidas de un platero gallego y demuestra un rico y variado eclecticismo que combina gran cantidad de estilos e influencias artísticas.
Génesis de la definición cultural del arte mudéjar: los años cruciales, 1975-1984
Authors: Borrás Gualis Gonzalo M.
Published: March 2019

Testimonio personal del autor, a modo de autobiografía intelectual, en el que se analiza el proceso historiográfico sobre su concepto del arte mudéjar, hasta culminar con la propuesta de una definición cultural que lo considera como un sistema de trabajo alternativo al del arte occidental cristiano europeo y como pervivencia de la tradición artística andalusí en la España cristiana tanto en las estructuras como decoración arquitectónicas, con un papel primordial de los maestros de obras moros.
Šeimos ir darbo derinimo teisinės prielaidos Baltijos šalyse
Authors: Grigužauskaitė Snieguolė , Skučienė Daiva
Published: March 2019

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Viena iš pagrindinių piliečių gerovę užtikrinančių institucijų – šeima, kuri kaip socialinis vienetas veikia pagal tam tikras neformalias ir formalias taisykles. Viena iš visoje Europos Sąjungoje šeimos institutui aktualių problemų – šeimos ir darbo suderinimas, kuriai spręsti kuriama ir tobulinama teisinė bazė. Šiame straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti Baltijos šalyse suformuotas darbo sąlygų lengvatas, numatytas teisės aktuose ir skirtas šeimoms, auginančioms vaikus. Tyrimui naudojami įstatymų ir 2017 metų MISSOC duomenų bazės duomenys, kurie analizuojami temų analizės metodu, formuluojant jas remiantis įstatymų grupėmis. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kokioms teisinėms priemonėms skiriama daugiausia ir mažiausia dėmesio Baltijos šalyse, pvz., daugiausia dėmesio skiriama komandiruočių, maitinimo krūtimi pertraukų, atostogų garantavimo ir kt. teisiniam reglamentavimui.
Baking quality prediction of spelt wheat based on rheological and mixolab parameters
Authors: Lacko-Bartošová M. , Konvalina P. , Lacko-Bartošová L.
Published: March 2019

The aim of this work was to test the potential of Mixolab II in the baking quality prediction of fiveTriticum speltaL. cultivars grown during growing periods with different climate conditions. Spelt cultivars varied in flour and dough properties examined by indirect baking qualm- indicators (wet gluten content. Falling number. Zelenv sedimentation, farinograph rheological properties, Mixolab parameters) and direct baking test, strong effect of climatic conditions was determined. Results showed significant differences in protein and starch – amylase part of Mixolab II curve, indicating the genotype and climatic effect. Spelt cultivars were characterised by high protein weakening (C2=0.32 Nm), speed of protein network weakening at the level of α= −0.07 Nm min−1, starch gelatinisation (C3=1.61 Nm), amylolytic activity (C4=1.35 Nm), and starch retrogradation (C5=1.98 Nm). Significant correlations between indirect baking properties, farinograph and Mixolab II parameters, and direct baking test were found. Slope a of Mixolab curve was a promising parameter in estimation of direct baking parameter – specific bread volume, together with indirect indicator – Zeleny sedimentation.
Gas chromatography determination of the levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in seawater and sediment in the Gulf of Aqaba
Authors: Bawana Khaldoon , Yanes Qussay Mustafa , Rasheed Mohammed
Published: March 2019

The levels of persistent organic pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), were determined in seawater and marine sediments from different sites along the Jordanian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba. Concentrations of 7 PCBs, namely, PCB-28, PCB-52, PCB-101, PCB-118, PCB-138, PCB-153, and PCB-180, were determined. An automated Soxhlet (Soxtec) extraction method was used for extraction with hexane–acetone as a solvent, and a pre-washed multilayer silica gel column was used for the clean-up step. Samples were analyzed using capillary gas chromatography (GC) with an electron capture detector (ECD) and GC–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) for confirmation. The method's limits of detection (LOD) were determined to be from 0.40 to 1.53 ng/L and from 0.39 to 0.91 ng/g dry weight for seawater and sediment, respectively. Concentrations of PCBs in seawater and sediment samples from all sites were below the LOD. This study provides evidence that very low concentrations of PCBs (<2 ng/g) were found in the water and sediments of the Jordanian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba. PCB concentrations measured in this study can be considered as a baseline for future monitoring and control of PCBs as requested by the Stockholm Convention.
The results of implementation of specialized stroke units and educational programs aimed at the secondary prevention of stroke in Tyumen district
Authors: Lebedeva D. I. , Brynza N. S. , Nyamtsu A. M. , Reshetnikova Yu. S. , Kniazheva N. N. , Akarachkova E. S. , Orlova A. S.
Published: March 2019

Aim. To evaluate the main results of work of specialized stroke units and departments and implementation of educational campaigns on secondary stroke prevention in Tyumen district in 2011-2017.

Material and methods. Work efficacy of specialized stroke units and departments in Tyumen district was evaluated according to standard measures (length of hospital stay, compliance with patient routing rules, timely diagnostic measures, frequency and efficacy of thrombolysis). The results of work of schools for stroke patients and their caregivers were evaluated using questionnaires distributed after the end of each educational program.

Results. We demonstrated an improvement of main efficacy measures of stroke units and departments, with most of them reaching target values for Russian Federation. There was a high attendance of educational programs on secondary stroke prevention (8254 persons during the study period). A total of 2200 distributed questionnaires demonstrated a high level of satisfaction with the results of educational programs and the quality of education organization.

Conclusion. Implementation of specialized stroke units in Tyumen district enabled an increase of the number of patients receiving systemic thrombolytic therapy, a decrease of mortality and an improvement of functional outcomes. Educational programs for stroke patients and their relatives increased the level of stroke awareness in the target population.
Staffing of outpatient departments of medical organizations by doctors of functional diagnostics in the Russian Federation, in 2012-2017
Authors: Tolmachev D. A. , Son I. M. , Ivanova M. A. , Popova N. M.
Published: March 2019

Aim. To analyze the current situation in the staffing of functional diagnostics by doctors in the Russian Federation.

Material and methods. The method of descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data of the Federal statistical observation № 30 “Information about the medical organization” on the staffing of doctors of functional diagnostics for the period from 2012 to 2017.

Results. During the analyzed period, the staffing of doctors of functional diagnostics in the Russian was low, although there was a positive trend. In the calculation of staffing for the number of occupied positions in almost all Federal districts, parameter was higher than 80,0%, with the exception of the Southern Federal District (76,0%).

Conclusion. The dynamics of the staffing parameter for the number of occupied positions was negative.
Comorbidities in clinical practice. Algorithms for diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Oganov R. G. , Simanenkov V. I. , Bakulin I. G. , Bakulina N. V. , Barbarash O. L. , Boytsov S. A. , Boldueva S. A. , Garganeeva N. P. , Doshchitsin V. L. , Karateev A. E. , Kotovskaya Yu. V. , Lila A. M. , Lukyanov M. M. , Morozova T. E. , Pereverzev A. P. , Petrova M. M. , Pozdnyakov Yu. M. , Syrov A. V. , Tarasov A. V. , Tkacheva O. N. , Shalnova S. A.
Published: March 2019

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The use of telmisartan in patients with refractory arterial hypertension and obesity
Authors: Deneka I. Е. , Rodionov A. V. , Fomin V. V.
Published: March 2019

Aim.To evaluate the effectiveness of telmisartan as a component of triple antihypertensive therapy in patients with obesity and refractory arterial hypertension.

Material and methods.The study included 30 patients with obesity and refractory arterial hypertension. All patients received an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) or an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) in an adequate dosage as part of a triple antihypertensive therapy that also includes a calcium antagonist and thiazide diuretic. Participants were randomly divided into two equal groups. In the main group, telmisartan (Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories) was prescribed at a dosage of 80 mg/day instead of the previously taken ARB or ACE inhibitor. In the control group, patients continued to receive a previously prescribed ARB or an ACE inhibitor. The primary end point was a decrease in mean daily systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) according to 24-hour blood pressure monitoring at 10 mm Hg and more than 20 weeks after the start of the study. The secondary end point was a decrease in the concentration of inflammatory markers and an increase in the level of adiponectin by 15%.

Results.After 20 weeks, in the telmisartan group, we noted a significant decrease in the average daily SBP and DBP: in the main group from 145,9±5,4/95,6±4,8 mm Hg to 134,8±3,0/84,9±4,2 mm Hg, in the control group with 147,2±4,9/96,4±5,6 mm Hg to 142,4±4,3/96,9±62 mm Hg. We also determined an increase in the serum adiponectin concentration from 9,3±5,6 μg/ml to 13,4±6,6 μg/ml in the main group and a decrease from 8,8±5,2 μg/ml to 8,6±5,6 μg/ml in the control group, as well as a decrease in the concentration of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (main group from 8,8±3,0 to 6,0±2,8 mg/l and the control group from 7,4±3,8 to 6,9±4,9 mg/l) and interleukin-6 (main group from 16,2±6,1 to 12,3±2,8 pg/ml, control group from 22,5±4,2 to 19,9±5,2 pg/ml).

Conclusion.Telmisartan can be considered as a drug of choice as part of multi-component therapy in the treatment of patients with obesity and refractor arterial hypertension.
Comparative characteristics of risk factors as predictors of coronary heart disease in women during an epidemiological and clinical examination
Authors: Kasumova F. N. , Faradzheva N. A. , Mamedova R. N. , Sultanova S. S.
Published: March 2019

Aim. To analyze main risk factors (RF) according to the epidemiological and clinical study and to determine the predictors of the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) in women.

Material and methods. The study included 200 women with CAD who were divided into 2 groups: I-epidemiological and II-clinical (99 and 101 patients respectively). For verification of CAD, patients were provided with a full range of epidemiological and clinical-instrumental studies.

Results. It was shown that relative risk (RR) mean values (1-2) were in BMI, abdominal obesity, arterial hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and HDL-hypocholesterolemia. Its higher values are for hypercholesterolemia (RR=1,2), atherogenic index (RR=1,4) and LDL-hypercholesterolemia (RR=1,5). As for additional RF, the RR for estradiol was 1,2. The highest RR was for progesterone, reaching 3,5 and for testosterone — 2,8.

Conclusion. We determined that if among the traditional RF there are no independent predictors of CAD, specialists in clinical practice can primarily use hormones (progesterone and testosterone).
Supply of vitamins for patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity in the autumn
Authors: Beketova N. A. , Kosheleva O. V. , Vrzhesinskaya O. A. , Kodentsova V. M. , Sharafetdinov H. H. , Plotnikova O. A. , Pilipenko V. V. , Alekseeva R. I. , Leonenko S. N. , Sokolnikov A. A.
Published: March 2019

Aim. To assess the availability of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2) and obesity with vitamins C, A, E, D, B2, B6, niacin and betacarotene.

Material and methods. We assess vitamin status of 40 patients with DM-2 (14 men and 26 women) aged 42-80 years was 60,2±1,3 (Me=60,5) with concomitant obesity and a body mass index from 31,2 to 57,4 kg 42,1±1,1 (Me=42,0), receiving oral hypoglycemic therapy. The disease duration ranged from six months to 32 years — 7,4±1,0 (Me=6,0), the level of glycohemoglobin — from 5,20% to 7,70% — 6,27±0,11 (Me=6,05). The provision of C, A, E, D, B2 vitamins and beta-carotene was assessed by their serum concentration, B6 and niacin vitamins — by excretion of their metabolites with urine.

Results. Against the background of a good supply of patients with A, E, C and PP vitamins, a reduced serum concentration of 25-OH vitamin D was detected in the majority (83%) of the patients, beta carotene — in 55%, insufficient provision with vitamins B6 and B2 — 15-18%. A reduced serum concentration of 1-2 vitamins was detected in 65% of the patients. A combined deficiency of 3-4 vitamins had 25% of patients.

Conclusion. The presence of vitamin deficiencies in patients with DM-2, which are a risk factor for its occurrence and the development of complications, indicates the need to optimize vitamin status. The negative association between the level of basal glycemia in venous blood and glucosuria and the concentration of γ-tocopherol may indicate certain benefits of using dietary oils with a high level of vitamer.