bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hearing Animals’ Stories: Interspecies Bond in Sanjeev Upreti’s Hansa
Authors: Upadhyay Toya Nath
Published: August 2024

This paper analyzes Sanjeev Upreti’s Hansa (Duck), published in 2076 BS (2019 AD) from the perspective of Literary Animal Studies with a major objective of unveiling the author’s awareness of the exigency of an equitable and sustainable animal-human bond in the contemporary Anthropocene. The novel unfolds twin narratives in which one is a human protagonist and another a duck. In both narratives, stories of animals are foregrounded. Animal characters narrate their own stories that consist of their grievances of cruelties and indifference they face at the hand of humans. The human protagonist hears and understand these stories. It raises a question: why does he hear their stories? After analyzing the textual evidence through the theoretical perspective of Literary Animal Studies by focusing on Susan McHugh’s concept of animal narrative agency, the paper finds the answer that the human protagonist hears the animals’ stories because they underscore narrative agency. Unlike conventional roles of animals as metaphors and symbols for the making of human identity, these animals play an active role in resisting human exploitation against them. Finally, the paper claims that by offering narrative agency to animal characters, the author highlights the need of building an entangled interspecies bond among human and nonhuman animals. With this, the study expects to be useful for those readers and researchers interested in the field of Literary Animal Studies.
Editorial
Authors: Subba Dewan Motikala
Published: August 2024

Editorial
Dolichoectasia of Basilar Artery in Hypertensive Putaminal Bleed
Authors: Yadav Sugam , Chandra Sah Ram , Tamrakar Karki Karuna
Published: August 2024

Dolichoectasia is a fusiform dilation of vascular structure that can occur anywhere in circulatory system. It is mostly detected and confirmed in the intracranial circulation in angiography. The vertebrobasilar system is the most common location.  Putamen bleed has not been reported in association with vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia so far. Here, we report a rare case of detecting dolichoectasia of basilar artery in digital subtraction angiography with left putamen bleed in a middle-age hypertensive gentleman on irregular
antihypertensive medication.
Hypergeometric Function and its Application on Heat Kernel in a Torus Surface with a Rectangular Lattice
Authors: Poudel Madhav Prasad
Published: August 2024

Hypergeometric functions are transcendental functions that are applicable in various branches of mathematics, physics, and engineering. They are solutions to a class of differential equations called hypergeometric differential equations. In this paper we will be using theta functions, null zeta function and Ramanujan’s identities to study the behavior of heat kernel in a torus surface with rectangular Lattice.
Application of the Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology with Histopathological Correlation
Authors: Baral Alina , Pradhan Anju , Upadhyaya Paricha , Paudel Ashish
Published: August 2024

Background: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is widely accepted as an efficient first line diagnostic of salivary gland lesions.Intratumoral heterogeneity and morphological overlap existing between salivary gland tumors makes it rigorous andchallenging in the diagnosis by FNA. The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (TMSRSGC) is a tieredrisk-stratification scheme designed to standardize reporting and facilitate decision making. The objective of this study is toevaluate the efficacy of The Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology with histopathological correlation.Method: A prospective study of salivary gland cytology was performed over a 1-year period at Department of PathologyBPKIHS. Cases were categorized as per the MSRSGC and histopathological correlation was obtained. The risk ofmalignancy were calculated for all diagnostic categories.Result: A total of 30 salivary gland cytology with histopathological follow up were evaluated. FNA had a sensitivity,specificity, diagnostic accuracy, PPV and NPV of 72.7%, 100%, 88.88%, 100% and 84.2% respectively. Good agreementwas seen between cytological and histopathological diagnosis.Conclusion: The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology provides an effective standardizeddiagnostic framework which aids in better clinicopathological communication and improves the quality, clarity as well asreproducibility of cytological diagnosis of salivary gland lesions.
Knowledge Regarding Health Hazards of Cytotoxic Agent Among Nurses Working at B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan
Authors: Neupane Laxmi , Bogati Kristeena , Upadhyay Hari Prasasd
Published: August 2024

Background: Cytotoxic agent is a substance that kills cells, including cancer cells, which may stop cancer cells fromdividing and growing and may cause tumors to shrink in size. These may have carcinogenic, mutagenic or teratogeniceffects. Nurses are directly exposed to it while handling cytotoxic agents. Objective of the study was to find out the level ofknowledge regarding health hazards of cytotoxic agent among nurses working in B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital,Bharatpur Chitwan.Method: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted using non probability purposive sampling technique to collectthe information among 106 nurses. Self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzedby using SPSS version 22 and descriptive and inferential statistics were used.Result: The finding of the study showed that the majority of respondents (48.10%) had <2 years of work experience andeducational level was Bachelor’s degree in nursing (74.50%). Only 12.30% had special course or training on health hazardsof cytotoxic agent. The majority of the respondents (98.10%) had good level of knowledge regarding exposure of cytotoxicagents and 75.50% had good level of knowledge regarding hazardous effects of cytotoxic agents. The overall level ofknowledge regarding health hazards of cytotoxic agents was good (88.70%).Conclusion: This study finding concluded that, nurses working at B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital had good levelof knowledge regarding health hazards of cytotoxic agents. However, in-service education and training is required.
Factors Moderating the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Large-Scale Firms in Nepal
Authors: Thapa Ajay
Published: August 2024

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic ruthlessly affected almost all aspects of human life—the industrial sector as well. Despite the severe effects of the pandemic on large-scale firms, the intensity of the impacts on them has not been uniform; different firms have been affected to different degrees. Using data enumerated from 102 large-scale firms in Nepal, this study has assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on large-scale firms and identified the factors moderating its impact on large-scale firms. The study revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic had negative impacts on the production, sales, and profit of large-scale firms in Nepal. The study disclosed that the age, sex, educational qualification, work experience, managerial skills and managerial foresight of the managers or higher authorities, age of the firm, total capital, type of ownership and sector of firms were the key factors moderating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the large-scale firms. Policymakers are suggested to consider the factors such as age, sex, educational qualification, managerial skills, managerial foresight, age of the firm, total capital, type of ownership and sector of the firm while making policies related to improving the performance of large-scale firms during the pandemic like COVID-19 in the future.
Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 11, Issue-3: 66-75.
Impact of Fundamental Factors on Share Price of Non-life Insurance Companies in Nepal
Authors: Thapa Bhim Kumar , Paudel Ramesh Rasik
Published: August 2024

The aim of this research is to ascertain the direction in which fundamental factors impact Nepali non-life insurance businesses' stock values. This paper examines all twelve Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE)-listed non-life insurance companies using a quantitative, analytical, and descriptive research methodology. Nepal Rastra Bank, the Ministry of Finance and the insurance firms' websites served as secondary sources of information. The results has indicated that two significant elements affecting stock prices are the Price-to-Earnings (P/E) Ratio and Earnings Per Share (EPS). The Market Price of Shares (MPS) and EPS have the most positive association (r = 0.606, p < 0.01), whereas the P/E Ratio and EPS have the least positive correlation (r = 0.400, p = 0.003). Dividend per share (DPS) and MPS do not have a statistically significant link (B = 0.738, p = 0.854), whereas book value per share (BVS) and MPS have a marginally significant but positive correlation (B = 1.874, p = 0.061). The stock prices of the organizations in Nepal are significantly influenced by the EPS and P/E ratios. These findings suggest that higher P/E and EPS ratios are associated with better returns for investors. While DPS has minimal effect on stock prices, governments should make accurate and transparent financial reporting a priority to help investors. This paper analyzes the financial variables influencing the pricing of Nepalese non-life insurance stocks and offers advice on investment strategy and policy development.
Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 11, Issue-3: 76-82.
A Comprehensive Examination of Workforce Diversity
Authors: Gharti Amit , Modi Devendra Kumar
Published: August 2024

Workforce diversity has become a crucial topic in organizational management due to its significant effects on workplace dynamics, innovation, and performance. Although our understanding of diversity has grown, its comprehensive impact across various sectors and organizational settings is still not fully understood. This review aims to integrate current knowledge on the many sides of workforce diversity, assess its challenges, and explore opportunities for boosting organizational effectiveness. This study performed a thorough 32 literatures using Nepal Journals Online (NepJOL), an online publication of Nepalese journals, targeting publications from January 2019 to May 2024. Search terms included "workforce diversity," "diversity in organizations," and "cultural diversity," among others. The selection included studies that assessed the effects of diversity using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The review highlights mixed findings on the correlation between workforce diversity and organizational performance, emphasizing the complexity of diversity's impact. Key themes include the importance of inclusive workplace cultures, challenges in multicultural communication, gender representation issues, and knowledge gaps in diverse sectors. Analysis of publication trends reveals a growing recognition of diversity's significance, particularly in recent years. Workforce diversity is crucial for organizational success, yet its impact varies across contexts. Prioritizing inclusive workplace cultures and addressing diversity-related challenges are essential. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, sector-specific investigations, and innovative approaches to promote diversity and inclusion. Embracing diversity as a strategic asset can drive innovation and sustainable growth in diverse global environments.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Remittances and Basic Level Government School Enrollment in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Bisna , Poudel Omkar , Upadhyaya Yadav Mani , Acharya Pradeep
Published: August 2024

This study aims to examine the factors that impact student enrollment in government schools at the basic level in Nepal. The data were collected from secondary sources publication over the periods of 2000-2022. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model was applied to analyze the correlations between enrollment and economic factors, such as per capita GDP, population growth, and remittances, in both the short-term and long-term. The results suggest that remittances have a significant negative impact on enrollment, raising concerns about the absence of parents due to working abroad. On the other hand, the level of per capita GDP had a positive effect on the accessibility of education, highlighting the importance of economic development. The population growth did not have a significant impact in this model. The co-integration test suggests a strong and lasting connection between the variables, while the Granger causality tests reveal that remittances and per capita GDP had a significant impact on enrollment. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers aiming to improve access to high-quality education for every child in Nepal. The paper also discussed potential areas for future research, such as investigating the underlying causes of the negative impacts of remittances and addressing the issue of serial correlation in the model.
Evaluating Students' Performance in Consonant Phoneme Identification within Word Structures
Authors: Sharma Lok Raj
Published: August 2024

The prime objectives of this article are to evaluate the bachelor level first year major English students’ performance in consonant sound identification within word structures, and examine the effectiveness of an intuitive-imitative approach in teaching consonant phonemes of the spellings. To attain these objectives, the researchers employed the one-group pretest posttest research design in which 200 phoneme recognition test items as data collection tools regarding the consonant sounds of English were administered to 30 students at Makawanpur Multiple Campus, Hetauda, Nepal in 2023 before and after teaching them the sounds through the intuitive-imitative approach for 30 teaching periods. Population being low, this study involved the census for collecting data. After observing their performance in consonant phoneme identification, it was found that their performance was bad at identifying the phonemes of the spelling's “g” in “Genre”, “c” in “Cello”, “th” in “Thailand”, etc. Their performance was not so good at identifying the phonemes of the spellings “j” in “Join”, “y” in “Yak”, etc. Their performance was satisfactory in identifying the phonemes of the spelling's “g” in “Gene”, “g” in “Gem”, “n” in “Donkey”, etc. Similarly, they were good at identifying the phonemes of spelling “p” in “Punch”, “b” in “Boat’, “k’ in “Book”, etc. A related samples Wilcoxon signed rank test value (p  .05) implies that there was a significant difference in the median scores of the posttest scores and the pretest scores of the students. It suggests that the intuitive-imitative approach was an effective method of teaching sounds. This article is significant in a phonological process and pronunciation, resulting in phonemic awareness.
कवि राजाको ‘तङसिङ’ मा वक्रोक्ति [Vakrokti in Kavi Raja's 'Tangsing']
Authors: Baral Khil Prasad
Published: August 2024

एघारौँ शताब्दीका आचार्य कुन्तकले प्रतिपादन गरेको वक्रोक्तिसिद्धान्त पूर्वीय साहित्यशास्त्रका प्रमुख सिद्धान्तमध्ये एक हो । पूर्ववर्ती आचार्यहरूका काव्यमान्यतासमेतलाई समेटेको यस सिद्धान्तमा कुन्तकले वक्रोक्तिका विभिन्न छ भेद तथा तिनका उपभेदहरूको चर्चा गरेका छन् । उनले प्रस्तुत गरेका वक्रोक्तिका छ भेदहरूमध्ये वर्णविन्यास वक्रता र पदपूर्वार्द्ध वक्रताका केही भेदका आधारमा सुप्रसिद्ध भारतीय नेपाली कवि राजाको ‘तङसिङ’ सङ्ग्रहका कविताहरूको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गर्नु यस अनुसन्धानको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । यसका लागि सर्वप्रथम वक्रोक्ति सिद्धान्तको सङ्क्षिप्त सैद्धान्तिक चर्चा गर्दै सम्बन्धित कवितामा विभिन्न प्रकारका वक्रताको प्रगोग कसरी भएको छ भन्ने सन्दर्भलाई स्पष्ट पार्न उक्त कविता सङ्ग्रहका अंशलाई उदाहरणका रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरी तिनमा पाइने वक्रताको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । पुस्तकालय अध्ययनबाट प्राथमिक र द्वितीयक दुवै स्रोतका सामग्रीको प्रयोग गरी वर्णनात्मक पद्धतिअनुसार विवेच्य सामग्रीहरूको विश्लेषण गरिएको यो अध्ययन मूलतः निगमनात्मक पद्धतिमा आधारित छ । यस अध्ययनका लागि सामग्री सङ्कलन गर्न उद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनोट पद्धतिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । यो नितान्त गुणात्मक प्रकृतिको अध्ययन हो । यस अध्ययनबाट कवि राजाका कवितामा वक्रताको सफल र सार्थक प्रयोग भएको र यस्तो प्रयोगबाट उनका कविताहरू विशिष्ट बनेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । भविष्यमा वक्रोक्ति सिद्धान्तका आधारमा विभिन्न विधाका साहित्यिक कृतिहरूको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गर्नेहरूका लागि यो लेख महत्त्वपूर्ण सन्दर्भ बन्न सक्ने अपेक्षा गरिएको छ ।
[Vakroktisiddhanta propounded by Acharya Kuntak in the eleventh century is one of the major principles of Eastern literature. In this principle, which also includes the poetic values ​​of the previous Acharyas, Kuntak has discussed six different types of Vakrokti and their sub-types. The purpose of this research is to study and analyze the poems of the well-known Indian Nepali poet Raja's 'Tangsing' collection based on the six distinctions of vakrokti presented by him. For this, first of all, a brief theoretical discussion of the theory of Vakrokti has been done in order to clarify the context of how different types of Vakrokti have been developed in related poetry and the study of the Vakrokti found in them has been presented as an example and analyzed. This study is basically based on deductive method, which analyzed the selected materials according to the descriptive method using materials from both primary and secondary sources from the library study. Purposive sampling method has been used to collect material for this study. This is a purely qualitative study. From this study, it has been concluded that there is a successful and meaningful use of Vakrokti in poet Raja's poetry and his poems became unique due to such use. In the future, this article is expected to be an important reference for those who study and analyze literary works of various genres based on the theory of Vakrikti.]
Study of the Molecular Structure, Spectroscopic Analysis, Electronic Structures and Thermodynamic Properties of Niacin Molecule Using First-principles
Authors: Budha Chandra , Rai Krishna Bahadur
Published: August 2024

This work describes the different properties of Niacin's molecule using the density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP/6-311++G (d, p) basis set. The optimized energy for the Niacin molecule is -436.987 Hartree. The peak values from FT-IR spectra show the C=C, C-C vibrations, C-H stretching vibrations, C-H in-plane bending vibration, C-H out-of-plane bending vibration, C-O stretching vibration, C-N vibration and O-H vibration. The MEP and ESP analyses indicate that the oxygen and nitrogen atoms exhibit nucleophilic regions, while the hydrogen atoms exhibit electrophilic regions. The energy gap of the Niacin molecule is found to be 5.398 eV through HOMO-LUMO analysis. The electronegativity value of 4.847 eV signifies the molecules ability to attract electron and the calculated value of chemical hardness is 2.7 eV which reflects the molecular stability. The softness value of 0.370 eV-1 denotes the molecule polarizability. Also the chemical potential value is -4.847 eV which represent the ability to donate or accept electron. Similarly, electrophilic index with value 4.351 eV shows the electrophilic behavior that signifies its capacity to accept electron. Because of the larger energy gap, the molecule becomes hard and hardness is greater than softness. In this molecule, the C2 atoms have the highest positive charge along with C3 and all the hydrogen atoms, while C1 has the highest negative charge together with some negative charge on C4, C5, N6, C11, O12 and O13 atoms. When the temperature rises, the thermodynamic parameters such as heat capacity at constant volume and pressure, internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy increase, but Gibbs free energy decreases.
Analytical Method Development and Validation of Simultaneous Estimation of Pure and Tablet Dosage Form by RP-HPLC
Authors: Thapa Shankar , Pandey Bipindra Pandey , Biradar Mahalakshami Suresha
Published: August 2024

The aim of this analytical research is to establish and validate the RP-HPLC (Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography) method for concurrently quantifying Montelukast Sodium, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride, and Acebrophylline in a pharmaceutical formulation. The method utilized Rosagiline mesylate as an internal standard, employing a Shim-Pack Solar C18 Column (4.6 x 150 mm, 5 µm) as the stationary phase and a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile, methanol, and 10 mM Na2HPO4 buffer (50:30:20 % v/v/v, pH 5.5). The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 mL/min, and detection occurred at 210 nm. Validation followed ICH guidelines. The linear concentration ranges were 5-30 µg/ml, 10-60 µg/ml, and 10-100 µg/ml at 210 nm for Montelukast Sodium, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride, and Acebrophylline, respectively. Retention times were 7.643 min, 2.117 min, 3.863 min, and 3.050 min for Montelukast sodium, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride, Acebrophylline, and Rosagiline mesylate respectively. The RP-HPLC analysis of marketed formulations yielded concentrations within the ranges of 98.3–100.9%, 99.46–101.23%, and 99.82–101.74% for Montelukast sodium, Fexofenadine Hydrochloride, and Acebrophylline, respectively. Recovery fell within the range of 95.81-101.35% for both drugs. The proposed method has been validated as per ICH guidelines and successfully applied to the estimation of Montelukast, Fexofenadine and Acebrophylline in their combined tablet dosage form.
Study of Pattern and Management of Abdominal Trauma Patients at a University Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Bikesh , Koju Rajan , Shrestha Kritika , Shakya Yagya Ratna , Karmacharya Robin Man
Published: August 2024

Background: Injury related death is a leading cause of death globally. Abdominal injuries may occur in up to one third of patients with trauma. Road traffic accidents have become the commonest mechanism of trauma.
Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based retrospective descriptive study conducted at Dhulikhel Hospital-Kathmandu University Hospital. Patients admitted with abdominal trauma from July 2021 to December 2023 were included in this study.
Results: This study included 60 patients with abdominal trauma. Mean age of patients was 35.60 ± 15.81 (10-76) years. Majority of patients belonged to age group 21-40 years (n=32, 53.3%) with male predominance (Male:female ratio=3.6:1). Blunt abdominal trauma (n=58, 96.7%) was more common than penetrating abdominal trauma (n=2, 3.3%). Road traffic accident (n=31, 51.7%), fall from height (n=22, 36.7%) and physical assaults (n=7, 11.7%) were the mechanisms of injury. In our study, commonly injured organs were spleen(n=19, 30.64%), liver(n=15, 24.19%) and small bowel(n=14, 22.58%). Among the patients with penetrating abdominal trauma, one patient had rectal injury and next patient had stab injury with protruding omentum through the wound. Thirty four patients (56.7%) were managed conservatively and 26 patients (43.3%) underwent operative management. The mortality rate was 8.33% (n=5) of which 4 (80%) had undergone operative management and 1 (20%) was being managed conservatively.
Conclusion: Majority of patients with solid organ injury can be managed conservatively while hollow viscus injury undergoes operative treatment. Physically active male population is the most affected group. Road traffic accidents are the leading cause of abdominal trauma followed by fall from height and physical assaults.
Residual Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease; Is It Possible to Eradicate?
Authors: Nepal Rajesh
Published: August 2024

Atherosclerosis Cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the number one causes of death and disability worldwide. Treatment of major traditional risk factors, including low density lipoprotein–cholesterol, smoking cessation, controlling hypertension and diabetes, enhancing physical exercise etc. are the important measures of atherosclerotic risk reduction. An LDL centric approach to risk reduction, namely with statin for decades and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) recently have served as the foundation of primary and secondary prevention and have led to significant improvement in cardiovascular outcome. However, a significant goal directed medically treated (GDMT) patients remain at a significantly elevated risk of having a major cardiovascular event that still remains unsolved. This is commonly referred to as residual risk. Beyond traditional risk factors, other drivers of residual risk have been postulated, these includes inflammatory, pro-thrombotic and metabolic factors.
Storage Induced Alterations in Erythrocyte Morphology and Platelet Count
Authors: Shrestha Oshan , Baral Reetu , Majhi Bhaktaraj
Published: August 2024

Background: Examination of blood smears and various hematologic parameters is the first step in assessment of hematologic function and diagnosis of possible underlying diseases. The aim of this study was to identify artefacts in stored red blood cells and classify the occurrence of such alterations according to the age of the stored sample. This studyalso aimed to note the changes in platelet count dispatched by automated hematology coulter in such stored blood samples.
Material and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was conducted from the EDTA anticoagulated blood samples of 100 patients received in the department of Pathology after receiving ethical approval from the institutional review committee. All the samples were analyzed in 4 occasions i.e. within 2 hours, at 24 hours, at 48 hours and at 96 hours. Analysis was carried out by Sysmex 5 part analyzer for platelet counts and the Leishman stained blood films were examined to note changes in the erythroctyte morphology.
Results: There was alterationsin platelet counts in 22% cases between 2-hour samples and other samples. The red blood cell morphology was not different among 2 hours samples and 24 hours sample. However, the red blood cell morphology was altered in 48 hours samples and 96 hours samples.
Conclusion: Storage of EDTA anticoagulated blood even upon refrigeration can cause changes in platelet counts as well as morphology of red blood cells. Changes in red blood cells are not significant till 24 hours while the platelet counts may alter within 24 hours.
Comparison of Job Satisfaction of Private and Public School Teachers in Godawari Municipality
Authors: Deshar Pranish , Maharjan Narendra
Published: August 2024

This study analyzed the job satisfaction among teachers in private and public schools located within Godawari Municipality of Lalitpur district. The sample of the study contains five private schools and five public schools which were selected from ward number 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of Godawari Municipality of Lalitpur district, Nepal. 100 teachers were approached for the data collection, out of which, 94 responded. Out of 94 respondents, 49 were from public and 45 were from private schools. Data was collected in 2019. Different variables like working environment, salary, staff relationship and motivation were used to analyze the job satisfaction. The data were collected through field survey and 5 points Likert scale questionnaire was used. The data was analyzed through SPSS and it was found that the teachers of private schools were more satisfied in comparison to public schools in terms of working environment, staff relationship and motivation and there was no difference in the satisfaction between the private and public-school teachers.
Resilience of Post-Trafficked Women: A Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Sapkota Bishnu
Published: August 2024

This study explores the resilience of post-trafficked women. It used a qualitative narrative inquiry approach, involving six participants from Kathmandu Valley. The purposive sampling method was adopted ensuring diverse representation. Thematic analysis was employed to identify resilience mechanisms and coping strategies. Through in-depth interviews, the research has uncovered how trauma, physical health challenges, economic disenfranchisement, and social reintegration impact survivors’ recovery. Findings revealed that the trauma continues to affect daily life, though coping strategies like engaging in hobbies significantly aid resilience. Physical health issues, compounded by past trauma, highlight the need for integrated healthcare solutions. Economic challenges, exacerbated by stigma, highlight the importance of vocational training and microfinance programs for achieving financial independence. Social integration and community support are crucial for overcoming stigma and fostering recovery. Contemporary issues, including the impact of technology and the COVID-19 pandemic, further complicate support efforts. The study concludes that comprehensive support systems, policy reforms, and innovative solutions are essential to enhance the resilience and recovery of trafficking survivors in Nepal.
Editorial
Authors: Yadav Rashindra Prasad
Published: August 2024

Abstract not available.
Dakshinkali: Emerging Rural Tourism Hub - Insights and Growth
Authors: Kafle Dol Raj , KC Tej Bahadur
Published: August 2024

Dakshinkali, situated in the southern part of the Kathmandu Valley, has evolved into a prominent rural tourism destination centered around a Hindu temple dedicated to Goddess Kali. As an incarnation of Mother Parvati, the temple's significance surged during the reign of King Pratap Malla, fostering a rise in religious and rural tourism. The increased influx of visitors has stimulated local economic growth by selling their local products, resulting in heightened business activities, increased employment rates, and improved living standards. The growing popularity of Dakshinkali as a rural tourism destination motivates the community to preserve its culture, tradition, and indigenous knowledge. Tourist support motivates locals to safeguard their culture, contributing to the growth of tourism and income. Dakshinkali is popular because it is close to Kathmandu and has a peaceful rural atmosphere. It is considered a sought-after destination, following the global trend of rural tourism. This study explores Dakshinkali's role in rural tourism, using a qualitative research design and historical frameworks. The findings highlight Dakshinkali as the nearest and most significant rural tourism hub in the Kathmandu Valley, set for continued growth. Its increasing popularity, driven by a growing disinterest in modern city life, is evident in its rising appeal. With the world favoring rural destinations, Dakshinkali shows promise for the future of rural tourism in the region.
A Study of Sculptures Reveals Hindu-Buddhist Religious Harmony in Nepal
Authors: Ojha Niranjan
Published: August 2024

In a multi-religious country like Nepal, religious harmony is essential for sustaining peace and calmness. Religious discord in society may result if religious concord is not addressed. Even though Nepal is a secular country with a Hindu majority, Buddhists remain crucial and inseparable elements of Nepalese society. They have lived in religious harmony in Nepal. During the period, there were no religious riots or tensions between Hindus and Buddhists. According to the Principle of Religious concord, when two cultures meet and interact, religious ideas will be exchanged, with the dominant culture prevailing. Harmony in cultures and customs evolved in Nepal for a variety of reasons. Because of their social acceptance and respect in society, Buddhists have become a vital part of it. Buddhism is seen as a component of Hindu philosophy by Hindus, and vice versa. In recent years, however, they have sought to differentiate themselves by religiously violating decades of peace and harmony. Nepal, a country with diverse religious traditions, has faced occasional tensions between different groups, including Hindu-Muslim, Buddhist-Hindu relations, Christian minorities, indigenous beliefs, and political dimensions. These tensions are often linked to socio-political issues, competition over religious sites, and accusations of proselytization or conversion activities. Recently in Nepalganj, Muslims disturbed Hindus during Deepawali and Hindu disturbed in tajia procession. The purpose of this research is to examine the critical factors that contribute to religious harmony in a multi-faith society, as well as the reflection of religious harmony in Nepali sculptures. An in-depth interview and library research technique are used to investigate the topic of religious harmony. The goal of this article is to examine the underlying factors that lead to religious harmony in a multi-religious community, as well as its reflection in Nepali sculptures. This study also looks at the elements that influence harmony in the setting of Nepali sculptures. As a result, the conversation strives to foster long-term religious harmony between Nepal's Hindu and Buddhist religious communities. The findings may motivate them to keep strong connections.
Factors Affecting the Saving Behaviour of Individuals
Authors: Pant Dinesh Kumar
Published: August 2024

Savings refer to the portion of income that people do not spend right away but instead set aside for investments, future spending, or unplanned expenses. A study was conducted to analyze the factors affecting the saving behavior of individuals living in Birendra Nagar Surkhet, Nepal. The study considered marital status, income status, and financial literacy as independent variables, and saving behavior as the dependent variable. The data was collected using a structural questionnaire based on the convenience sampling method, and 190 responses out of 225 questionnaires distributed were observed. A multivariate regression technique was used to analyze the collected data. The study found that marital status and financial literacy had a significant effect on saving behavior, while income status and lifestyle had an insignificant effect. The study emphasized the importance of raising individuals' financial literacy in Birendra Nagar Surkhet, as it could have a favorable impact on their saving behavior.Saving behaviour
नेपाली नाटकमा आध्यात्मिक तथा ऐतिहासिक भौतिकवाद
Authors: Thapa Ashok
Published: August 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा आधुनिक नेपाली नाटकको सर्वेक्षण गरी त्यस कालखण्डका नाटकमा अन्तर्भूत आध्यात्मिक र ऐतिहासिक भौतिकवादी विचारधाराको प्रयोग केकसरी भएको छ भनी चर्चा गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक विधि अवलम्बन गरी तयार पारिएको यस अध्ययनमा पुस्तकालयबाट सामग्री सङ्कलन गरिएको छ । विचारधारा व्यापक अवधारणा भएकाले यहाँ परस्पर विपरीत अध्यात्म र ऐतिहासिक भौतिकवादी दुई विचारधारालाई मात्र विवेचना गरिएको छ । आधुनिक नेपाली नाटकको सर्वेक्षणपश्चात् प्राप्त नाट्यकृतिको व्याख्या गरिएको यस लेखमा विवरणात्मक र विश्लेषणात्मक दुवै पद्धतिको अनुसरण गरिएको छ । यहाँ आध्यात्मिक र भौतिक विचारको प्रयोग भएका नाटकका मूलपाठलाई अध्ययनको प्राथमिक स्रोत र त्यस प्रकृतिका नाटकका विषयमा अतीतमा भएका अनुसन्धानलाई द्वितीयक स्रोत मानिएको छ । नेपाली नाटकमा वैचारिकता पर्गेल्न पेट्रिक मेनार्ड (सन् २००९) को ग्रन्थ रङ्गमञ्च र दर्शनसम्बन्धी अवधारणाबाट नाट्यदर्शन, पूर्वीय जगतका वेद, पुराण तथा उपनिषद्बाट आध्यात्मिकता साथै कार्ल मार्क्स र एङ्गेल्सको द जर्मन आइडियोलजी (सन् २००४) बाट ऐतिहासिक भौतिकवादको सिद्धान्तलाई प्रयोग गरिएको छ । विचार, विचारधारा र साहित्यिक विचारधारालाई परिभाषित गरिएको प्रस्तुत लेखमा आधुनिक नेपाली नाटकमा आध्यात्मिक र ऐतिहासिक भौतिकवादी विचारधाराको उपस्थिति सबल रहेको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
सुकरातका पाइला उपन्यासमा अन्तर्पाठीयता
Authors: Ghaire Shankar
Published: August 2024

प्रस्तुत आलेख गोविन्दराज भट्टराईको सुकरातको डायरी उपन्यासमा अन्तनिर्हित अन्तर्पाठीयताको विश्लेषणमा आधारित रहेको छ । प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धेय लेखमा यस उपन्यासलाई मुख्य विश्लेष्य सामग्रीका रूपमा चयन गरी यस कृतिमा अन्तर्पाठीयताको स्वरूप र पद्धति केकस्तो रहेको छ भन्ने मुख्य समस्यामूलक प्रश्नमा केन्द्रित रहेर विश्लेषण गरी निष्कर्षमा पुगिएको छ । अध्ययनको मुख्य स्रोतसामग्रीका रूपमा पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययनलाई आधार मानिएको छ र द्वितीय स्रोतसामग्रीका आधारमा अध्ययनलाई अगाडि बढाई विश्लेषणात्मक अध्ययनविधिको प्रयोग गरेर अध्ययन गरिएको छ । विश्लेष्य उपन्यास विनिर्माण, अधिआख्यान र अन्तर्पाठीयताका दृष्टिले सबल रहे पनि यस आलेखमा अन्तर्पाठीयताका कोणबाट मात्र विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । अन्तर्पाठीयताको सैद्धान्तिक पर्याधारका दृष्टिकोणबाट विश्लेष्य उपन्यासको अध्ययन–विश्लेषण गरी उपन्यासमा अन्तर्पाठीयताका मूलगत अन्तर्पाठीयता, रूपायनात्मक अन्त्र्पाठीयता र इन्टरनेटीय अन्तर्पाठीयताका दृष्टिले ‘सुकरातको डायरी’ उपन्यासको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यसक्रममा अन्र्पाठीयताका आधारमा प्रस्तुत उपन्यास नवीन, प्रयोगशील, अधिआख्यानात्मक र विशिष्ट बनेको कुरा प्रस्तुत गरी अन्तर्पाठीयता नै यस उपन्यासको प्राप्ति हो भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
उत्तरवर्ती चरणका नेपाली कवितामा चित्‌वैषम्य
Authors: Adhikari Gyanu
Published: August 2024

प्रस्तुत आलेखमा उत्तरवर्ती चरणमा लेखिएका केही प्रतिनिधिमूलक नेपाली कवितालाई पाठका रूपमा लिई ती कविताहरूमा प्रयुक्त चिद्वैषम्यका विभिन्न पक्षहरूको विश्लेषण र मूल्याङ्कन गरिएको छ । यस क्रममा पुस्तकालयबाट सामग्री सङ्कलन गरी उत्तरवर्ती चरणमा लेखिएका कविताहरूको सामान्य सर्वेक्षण गरिएको छ र चिद्वैषम्यको प्रयोग गरिएका कवितालाई मात्र यहाँ चयन गरिएको छ । यस लेखमा व्याख्यात्मक एवम् विश्लेषण विधिको प्रयोग गरी कविताहरूमा प्रयुक्त चिद्वैषम्यको निरूपण गरिएको छ । यहाँ जेनिफर बेट्सले व्याख्या गरेको चिद्वैषम्यको अवधारणालाई आधार बनाएर कवितामा प्रयुक्त चिद्वैषम्यको व्याख्या–विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । मूलतः मनोविज्ञान, मनोचिकित्सा र स्नायुविज्ञानबाट सर्वप्रथम चिद्वैषम्यको अध्ययन प्रारम्भ भएको हो र यो अध्ययनको शाखा अहिले साहित्यमा पनि बलियोसँग झाँगिएको छ । साहित्यमा अक्षर, ध्वनि, शब्द, दृश्य, रङ्ग र अनुभूतिलाई तिनले दिने विपरीत  अर्थसँग जोडेर अप्रकटित कुरा खोज्नु नै चिद्वैषम्यको अवधारणा हो । यस अध्ययनबाट उत्तरवर्ती चरणमा लेखिएका नेपाली कविताहरूमा इन्द्रियजन्य विपरीत संवेदनाहरूको संयोजनबाट निर्मित चिद्वैषम्यको प्रयोग भएको र यसले उत्तरवर्ती नेपाली कविता भाव वा विचारका दृष्टिले मात्र नभई शिल्पशैली र कलात्मकताका दृष्टिले पनि सौन्दर्ययुक्त बनेको र कविताको कथ्यमा प्रभावकारिताका साथै विशेष र अर्थपूर्ण बनाएको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
'भोग' कथामा वर्गीय चेतना
Authors: Ojha Babu Ram
Published: August 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा विवश वस्तीद्वारा लिखित ‘भोग’ कथाभित्र रहेको वर्गीय चेतनाको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । सामाजिक निर्मितिको एउटा अङ्गका रूपमा रहेको वर्ग र यसको विश्लेषण माक्र्सवादी साहित्य चिन्तनको स्थापित मान्यता हो । यस मान्यताका आधारमा साहित्यको अध्ययन गर्दा साहित्यमा चित्रित समाजमा रहेका वर्ग र तिनका गतिविधि तथा वर्गीय सम्बन्धको विश्लेषण गरिन्छ । यो आलेख तयार पार्नका लागि सामग्रीसङ्कलन गर्न मूलतः पुस्तकालयीय विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ र सामग्री विश्लेषणमा निगमन विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । कथामा रहेका पात्रको वर्गचेतनाका आधारमा विश्लेषण गरिएको हुनाले यहाँ प्रस्तुतीकरणमा पाठविश्लेषण विधि अवलम्बन गरिएको छ । यहाँ वर्गसम्बन्धी माक्र्सवादी सैद्धान्तिक मानकका आधारमा ‘भोग’ कथामा रहेको वर्गीय चेतनाको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । ‘भोग’ कथामा रहेका उच्च र निम्न दुवै वर्ग आआफ्नो वर्गीय पक्षको बचाउ र अधिकारको संरक्षणमा लागिपरेका छन् । यहाँ उच्चवर्गले आफ्नो सामन्ती वैभव र आर्थिक शक्तिका कारण निम्नवर्गमाथि चरम शोषण गरेको छ र निम्नवर्गले आपूmमाथि भएको शोषणका विरुद्ध सशक्त सङ्घर्ष गरेको छ । प्रस्तुत कथा सर्वहारा वर्गको वर्गीय चेतना सशक्त र सुदृढ रहेको निष्कर्ष यहाँ निकालिएको छ ।
'बिरामी र कुरुवा' एकाङ्कीमा मृत्युचिन्तन
Authors: Guragain Radhika Devi
Published: August 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखमा ‘बिरामी र कुरुवा’ एकाङ्कीमा समले मृत्युका सम्बन्धमा अभिव्यक्त गरेका विचारबारे विमर्श गरिएको छ । मानिस मृत्युसँग किन भयभीत हुन्छ, यसको कारण के हो र वास्तवमा मृत्युको शाश्वत सत्य के हो, यसबाट कसरी मुक्ति र आनन्द प्राप्त गर्न सकिन्छ भन्ने तथ्यको खोज विश्लेषण गर्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य हो । यसमा मृत्युचिन्तनका आधारमा ‘बिरामी र कुरुवा’ एकाङ्कीको अध्ययनका लागि वैदिक दर्शनअन्तर्गतका वेद, उपनिषद्, गीता र षड्दर्शनमा पाइने मृत्युचिन्तनसँग सम्बद्ध मान्यतालाई सैद्धान्तिक अवधारणा बनाई पाठगत विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यसक्रममा मृत्युभय र मृत्युबोध दुई पक्षबाट मृत्युचिन्तनको विवेचना र मूल्याङ्कन गरिएको छ । यस लेखमा पात्रले व्यक्त गरेका विचार, संवाद र प्रतिक्रियालाई साक्ष्य बनाइएको छ । यस लेखमा ‘बिरामी र कुरुवा’ एकाङ्कीमा अभिव्यक्त मृत्युचिन्तन वैदिक दर्शनमा आधारित छ, यसमा मृत्युलाई दुःखबाट मुक्तिको अवस्था, ब्रह्ममा लय भएको अवस्था, परमानन्दको अवस्था भनिएको छ र उक्त अवस्थामा पुग्ने मार्ग अद्वैतभावको मार्ग भएको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
साहित्यविश्लेषणको मनोभाषावैज्ञानिक पद्धति
Authors: Chaulagain Prem Prasad
Published: August 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख मनोभाषाविज्ञानका मान्यताका आधारमा साहित्यविश्लेषणको ढाँचा निर्माणमा केन्द्रित छ र यसमा वर्णनात्मक र व्याख्यात्मक विधिका माध्यमबाट मनोभाषाविज्ञानका मान्यता र सोहीअनुरूपका उदाहरणको समन्वयात्मक अध्ययन गरी प्राप्त भएका तथ्यका आधारमा साहित्यिक पाठको विश्लेषणका लागि आधार तयार पारिएको छ । मनोभाषाविज्ञानका अनुसार भाषाको प्रयोगमा मनको महइभ्वपूर्ण भूमिका हुन्छ । मन प्रकार्यात्मक आन्तरिक इन्द्रिय हो भने यसको भौतिक संरचनाचाहिँ मस्तिष्क हो । भाषालाई सुनाइका माध्यमबाट ग्रहण गर्न, बोध गर्न र उत्पादन गर्न सहयोग गर्ने कार्य मनले गरेको हुन्छ भने भाषा भण्डारण हुने स्थलचाहिँ मस्तिष्क हो । भाषाप्रयोक्ताका उमेर, क्षमता र सामाजिक परिस्थितिअनुसार उसका मनमा विविध भावविचार उत्पन्न हुने भएकाले उसले प्रयोग गर्ने भाषिक संरचना पनि सोहीअनुसार भिन्नभिन्न हुने गर्दछ र साथै त्यसरी प्रयोग गरिएको उक्त भाषाबाट श्रोतापाठकको मन पनि प्रभावित हुन्छ । भावविचार साहित्यको सारतत्त्व हो । यही सारतत्त्वलाई नै भाषाले व्यक्त गरेको हुन्छ । यसैले मनोभाषाविज्ञानका आधारबाट भाषाको मात्र नभई साहित्यकै विश्लेषण गर्न सकिन्छ भन्ने स्पष्ट हुन्छ । प्रस्तुत लेखबाट पनि कुनै पनि साहित्यिक पाठ भाषाप्रयोक्ताको उमेर, क्षमता र सामाजिक परिस्थितिअनुसार उसको मनमा उत्पन्न हुने भाव, भावअनुरूपको भाषा र भाषाले पारेको मानसिक प्रभावको शृङ्खलामा विन्यस्त हुने भएकाले उक्त साहित्यिक पाठलाई पनि मनोभाषाविज्ञानले निर्देश गरेअनुसारको सूत्र ‘उत्तेजनाविचार→ प्रतिक्रियाभाषा... उत्तेजनाभाषा→ प्रतिक्रियाविचार’ का माध्यमबाट विश्लेषण गर्न सकिन्छ भन्ने निचोड प्राप्त भएको छ । त्यसैले मनोभाषाविज्ञानका मान्यताका आधारमा तयार पारिएको यो सैद्धान्तिक ढाँचा साहित्यका प्रमुख घटक सारतइभ्व र भाषाको विश्लेषणमा निकै उपयोगी छ भन्ने स्पष्ट भएको छ ।
Penerapan Model Design Thinking Pada Perancangan Aplikasi Informasi Desa Wisata Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Hidayat Wahyutama Fitri , Malau Yesni , Purnama Rachmat Adi , Setiadi Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Tourism actors in the current technological era have implemented information systems. With the rapid growth of tourist villages in Bantul Regency, there is a need for promotion and digital information delivery media. However, in developing digital media it is also necessary to pay attention to aspects of the users who are the target market. The design of the application called sidewi mobile (mobile tourist village information system) is based on user experience and needs, using the Design Thinking methodology which has five stages as follows: Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, and Test. The design of the Sidewi mobile application was created using FIGMA software. This research has direct benefits, namely that it can be used as a benchmark for design needs before the development process. The results of the design are then tested using the usability testing method. Using a user friendly design approach and conducting testing using usability testing with the results of five users being able to complete the testing proves that when it was created using user experience there were no significant difficulties when used and it covered all needs.
Prediksi Kualitas Tidur: Pendekatan Machine Learning yang Mengintegrasikan Faktor Kesehatan dan Lingkungan
Authors: Putra Jordy Lasmana , Hidayat Wahyutama Fitri
Published: August 2024

ganguan tidur sangat mempengaruhi kualitas tidur seseorang yang dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan yang serius, untuk kalangan lansia kualitas tidur yang buruk dapat menyebabkan tingkat harapan hidup menurun drastis. Banyak sekali faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas tidur lansia, yang perlu dilakukan analisis dan prediksi agar dapat meningkatkan kualitas tidur yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan prediksi kualitas tidur lansia dengan mengintegrasikan faktor kesehatan dan lingkungan menggunakan pendekatan machine learning, data set yang digunakan adalah data set baru yang ada di website kaggle.com yaitu data National Poll on Healthy Aging (NPHA) yang berisikan wawasan tentang isu kesehatan, perawatan kesehatan, dan kebijakan kesehatan yang memengaruhi orang Amerika berusia 50 tahun ke atas. Metode maching learning, yaitu deep learning dengan algoritma Random Forest digunakan pada penelitian ini dan menunjukkan hasil yang baik dengan nilai akurasi 94,00% dan 44,44% akurasi yang didapatkan dengan menggunakan data latih.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MENDIAGNOSIS KERUSAKAN SISTEM REM KONVENSIONAL MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH (PROBLEM BASED LEARNING) DENGAN MEDIA VIDEO
Authors: Fakih Muhammad Nur , Apriyanto Nuraedhi , Setiawan Toni
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar dengan pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBL) dengan media video pada siswa kelas XII TKR SMK NU 1 Slawi, 2) Untuk mengetahui peningkatan keaktifan belajar dengan pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBL) dengan media video pada siswa kelas XII TKR SMK NU 1 Slawi, 3) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana guru mengimplementasikan dengan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBL) dengan media video pada siswa kelas XII TKR SMK NU 1 Slawi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Subyek penelitian tindakan kelas ini adala siswa kelas XII TKR SMK NU 1 Slawitahun ajaran 2021/2022, yang berjumlah 42 siswa diantaranya 40 laki-laki 2 perempuan. Aspek yang diteliti meliputiaktivitas siswa yang menunjukan motivasi belajar siswa dan tindakan pembelajaran yang ditujukan oleh guru sebagai indikator keterlaksanaan pembelajaran berbasis tugas. Setelah data diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik deskripsi persentase. Analisis data dengan analisis kualitatif untuk mencari persentase rata-rata hasil belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa hasil belajar siswa meningkat dari tiap siklus. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari meningkatnya skor rat-rata dari pra siklus dengan persentase 29% berkategori kurang, naik menjadi 58% berkategori cukup dan semakin meningkat pada siklus II yaitu sebesar 87%. Hasil belajar siswa dapat dilihat dari meningkatnya hasil pembelajaran dengan menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis masalah (PBL) berdasarkan persentase siswa yang memenuhi standar kompetensi pada pra siklus 29%, pada siklus I meningkat sebesar 58% naik menjadi 87% pada siklus II.
 
Kata kunci : pembelajaran berbasis masalah (problem based learning), media video, hasil belajar
PENGARUH BUDAYA KERJA 5R DAN KOMPETENSI (PEDAGOGIK) GURU PRODUKTIF TERHADAP KOMPETENSI SISWA PADA KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA (K3)
Authors: Setiyawan Andi , Abdillah Fuad , Abdillah Fuad , Mangiri Herry Sulendro
Published: August 2024

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah : 1) Untuk mengetahui Budaya Kerja 5R siswa SMK Negeri 1 Kemusu Boyolali 2) Untuk mengetahui pengaruh Budaya Kerja 5R terhadap Kompetensi Siswa Pada Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Di SMK Negeri 1 Kemusu Boyolali 3) Untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Budaya Kerja 5R dan Kompetensi (Pedagogik) Guru Produktif terhadap Kompetensi Siswa Pada Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Di SMK Negeri 1 Kemusu Boyolali. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian ex post facto. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan angket. Populasi sebanyak 144 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah teknik proportional random sampling dengan rumus Solvin dengan jumlah sample sebanyak 104 siswa. Pengujian yang digunakan adalah uji Validitas dan uji Reliabilitas. Uji persyaratan analisis dengan menggunakan uji normalitas, uji linieritas, uji autokorelasi, uji multikolinieritas dan uji heterokedasitas. Sedangkan uji hipotesis data dengan menggunakan uji regresi sederhana, regresi ganda, uji T, uji F, uji R square (determinan) dengan menggunakan bantuan program pengolahan spss versi 25.0. Hasil uji t Budaya Kerja 5R nilai sig. Sebesar 0,000 di bawah 0,05 sehingga H1 diterima. Kompetensi (Pedagogik) Guru Produktif mempunyai nilai sig. Sebesar 0,000 lebih rendah dari 0,05 sehingga H2 diterima. Budaya Kerja 5R dan Kompetensi (Pedagogik) Guru Produktif secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap Kompetensi Siswa Pada Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3)  Di SMK Negeri 1 Kemusu Boyolali. Uji f nilai sig. Sebesar 0,000 lebih rendah dari 0,05 sehingga H3 diterima. Berdasarkan hasil hitungan determinan diperoleh nilai r square sebesar 86%.
Kata Kunci : Budaya Kerja 5R, Kompetensi (Pedagogik) Guru, Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3)