bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CIE 148:2002 Action spectroscopy of skin with tunable lasers
Authors:   CIE
Published: October 2022

In order to determine action spectra with high accuracy, improved experimental methods are needed. This concerns the irradiation sources as well as quantitative measurements of the skin reactions. We reevaluated action spectra for erythema and pigmentation in humans with a tunable, highly monochromatic irradiation source and with an instrumental measurement of skin reactions. The irradiation system consisted of an excimer laser pumped dye laser and an ultraviolet fiber optic system. The skin colour after irradiation was determined with a colorimeter using the CIELUV system. By applying laser a very high spectral resolution in action spectra could be obtained. For example, the maximum of the erythema action spectrum in the ultraviolet-B range was measured at 298,5 nm and an additional maximum was found at 362 nm in the ultraviolet-A region. Our results suggest a photochemical mechanism boundary at 330 nm. The erythema and pigmentation curves are compared with spectra from the literature determined with conventional irradiation sources (lamps and monochromators), with the current standard erythema curve of the CIE, as well as with other photobiological action spectra; especially with spectra for UV damage and tumor induction in the UV-A. Keywords: actinic action spectrum, radiation effects, photobiology
CIE 153:2003 Report on intercomparison of measurement of the luminous flux of highg-pressure sodium lamps
Authors:   CIE TC 2-22
Published: October 2022

This report summarizes the results of an international intercomparison of measurements of the luminous flux of high-pressure sodium discharge lamps. Thirteen laboratories from nine different countries took part in the intercomparison, both lamp manufacturers and national standards laboratories being represented. In view of the complex spectral power distribution of the radiation from this type of lamp, the results of intercomparison show an acceptable level of agreement for lighting applications, nine of the thirteen participants reporting results within � 2% of the mean level. Keywords: light source, luminous flux, photometry, sodium lamps
CIE 161:2004 Lighting design method for obstructed interiors
Authors:   CIE TC 3-31
Published: October 2022

Traditional lighting calculation methods assume a clear room volume allowance for the influence of room contents. Objects located between light source and task will act to block direct light and will result in some light being absorbed by the object and some reflected from its surface. This may cause both local and general reductions in planar illuminance over a whole installation. This report draws together design related material on the subject. It is intended as specialist reference for use in conjunction with relevant design guidance. It contains information on the magnitudes of likely losses in different types of building interior and design guidance to ameliorate the effects of these light losses.-\n--\n-A major part of the report is concerned with calculation methods for obstructed interior lit by general lighting systems. Modifications to traditional lighting design calculation methods to acknowledge the influence of room contents, above and below the working plane are described. Advice on the application of computer programs for lighting design and analysis to solution of problems involving obstructed interiors is given. Keywords: calculations, iIlluminance, interior lighting, lighting design & specifications, office lighting
CIE 170-2:2015 Fundamental Chromaticity Diagram with Physiological Axes ? Part 2: Spectral Luminous Efficiency Functions and Chromaticity Diagrams
Authors:   CIE TC 1-35
Published: October 2022

CIE established the Technical Committee TC 1-36 with the following Terms of Reference: Establish a fundamental chromaticity diagram of which the coordinates correspond to physiologically significant axes .-\n-Part 1 of the report is presented in CIE 170-1 Fundamental Chromaticity Diagram with Physiological Axes ? Part 1: Definition of CIE 2006 Cone Fundamentals. It is limited to the choice of a set of colour-matching functions (CMFs) and estimates of cone fundamentals for the normal observer, ranging in visual angle (field size) from 1� to 10�.-\n-This report, entitled Part 2, aims at providing the user with practical colorimetric tools, in the form of chromaticity diagrams.-\n-The report starts with the definition of cone-fundamental-based spectral luminous efficiency functions as a linear combination of the long-wave sensitive and the middle-wave sensitive cone fundamentals, following the proposal of Sharpe et al. Cone-fundamental-based spectral luminous efficiency functions are proposed for the 2� and for the 10� photometric observers.-\n-The definition of the cone-fundamental-based spectral luminous efficiency functions offers the possibility of developing MacLeod?Boynton chromaticity diagrams based on cone fundamentals where the chromaticity is represented in an equi-luminant plane. MacLeod?Boynton tristimulus values LMB, MMB and SMB are computed in the traditional form, while chromaticity coordinates lMB and sMB are computed so as to preserve the equi-luminant property of the diagram.-\n-In addition, to allow for comparisons with the traditional CIE procedures, transformations of the cone fundamentals in the form of cone-fundamental-based XF, YF, ZF tristimulus values and xF, yF chromaticity coordinates are presented. Criteria that a colorimetric system should fulfil are maintained, and the properties of the spectral tristimulus values, summarized by Wold and Valberg, are described in detail. The linear transformations that should be used to compute the XF, YF, ZF tristimulus values from the cone fundamentals are given with the number of decimal places necessary to produce spectral tristimulus values with 7 significant figures.-\n-The report ends with tables and references.-\n-All tables are downloadable in an Excel� file, the link to which can be found in the document. Keywords: cone fundamentals, colour perception, physiological optics, visual performance
CIE 171:2006 Test cases to assess the accuracy of lighting computer programs
Authors:   CIE TC 3-33
Published: October 2022

The objective of this report is to help lighting program users and developers assess the accuracy of lighting computer programs and to identify their weaknesses. A validation approach is therefore presented based on the concept of separately testing the different aspects of light propagation. To apply this approach, a suite of test cases has been designed where each test case highlights a given aspect of the lighting simulation domain and is associated with the related reference data.-\n--\n-Two types of reference data are used: data based on analytical calculation and data based on experimental measurements. The first is associated with theoretical scenarios that avoid uncertainties in the reference values. The second type is obtained through experimental measurements, where the scenario and the protocol are defined in a manner that minimizes the uncertainties associated with the measurements.-\n--\n-A set of recommendations is also presented in order to achieve reliable experimental data for validation purposes. These recommendations address the choice and description of the scenarios, to the experimental protocol precautions, to the estimation of the error sources and to the presentation of the reference data.-\n--\n-The report is written in English, with a short summary in French and German. It consists of 97 pages with 27 figures and 65 tables. Keywords: interior lighting, lighting design & specifications, office lighting, residence lighting
CIE 182:2007 Calibration methods and photoluminescent standards for total radiance factor measurements
Authors:   CIE TC 2-25
Published: October 2022

This Technical Report provides the recommendations of the CIE concerning total radiance factor measurements of photoluminescent samples. The scope is limited here to photoluminescent samples whose fluorescence is excited by ultraviolet or visible radiation only. These recommendations include procedures for both one-monochromator and two-monochromator methods. Detailed information is provided on the influence of various measurement parameters, such as the illuminant, instrument geometry, polarization, reflectance standard and photoluminescent standard. The report includes a survey of currently available photoluminescent material standards and calibration laboratories. Keywords: luminescence, radiance
CIE 184:2009 Indoor daylight illuminants
Authors:   CIE TC 1-66
Published: October 2022

The CIE recommended daylight illuminants in 1967. These daylight illuminants contained ultraviolet radiation in proportions as found in natural outdoor daylight. Indoors this daylight is filtered by the transmission of the window glass; therefore it became necessary to define spectral power distributions also for the indoor daylight phases. The TC recommends adoption of two indoor daylight illuminants ID50 and ID65, that correspond to the phases of daylight of about 5000 K and 6500 K correlated colour temperature. Tables of the spectra are provided at 5 nm intervals from 300 nm to 780 nm, along with the rationale for their development and detailed comparison with existing daylight illuminants. Keywords: artificial daylight, illuminant, light colour
CIE 188:2010 Performance assessment method for vehicle headlighting systems
Authors:   CIE TC 4-45
Published: October 2022

This report has been produced to meet the need for a standardised, accurate and reliable method of assessing the photometric performance of vehicle headlights. It considers the requirements of headlight performance in terms of road scene illumination and limitation of glare, and the assessment of performance in terms of lane guidance and the detection of pedestrians and objects. The work undertaken to define the assessment method is summarised along with the results of the validation testing. A standardised photometric assessment method and calculation procedure for use by manufacturers and assessment organisations is provided. Keywords: driving beam, headlight performance, passing beam, photometry, vehicle headlighting
CIE 190:2010 Calculation and Presentation of United Glare Rating Tables for Indoor Lighting Luminaires
Authors:   CIE TC 3-43
Published: October 2022

This report has been prepared to assist luminaire suppliers and lighting designers in the production of UGR tables for luminaires in preset arrays at 1:1 spacing to height ratio. This data is needed for the verification of conformity to the limiting UGR by the UGR tabular method specified in clause 6.2 of the Standard ISO 8995-1:2002(E)/-\n-CIE S 008/E:2001 ?Lighting of Workplaces ? Part 1: Indoor?. The limiting UGR values are recommended in clause 5 of this standard. The report makes use of the basic UGR equation, described in CIE 117-1995, gives tables of preset values for the standard conditions and in step by step describes the calculation process needed to generate the uncorrected UGR table. The process is further demonstrated by a worked example of UGR calculation for a disymmetric distribution luminaire in a room 2H x 4H. The report also gives the uncorrected UGR table for this luminaire which can be used to validate software designed for the production of the UGR table. Keywords: glare, indoor lighting, luminaires, UGR, lighting design, lighting of workplaces
CIE 201:2011 Recommendations on Minimum Levels of Solar UV Exposure
Authors:   CIE TC 6-58
Published: October 2022

This Technical Report addresses the issue of sensible exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The scientific evidence of beneficial effects of solar exposure has been reviewed, in particular on the incidence and mortality to cancers other than skin cancer. Although the evidence is not unequivocal, the committee has found considerable evidence to deem it plausible that solar exposure may reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. The evidence for similar effects on breast and prostate cancer and on melanoma is less, but such effects are considered as plausible, too. Possibly the production of vitamin D plays a role in this respect.-\n-Based on a review of the evidence of both the beneficial and the harmful effects of solar exposures it is concluded that people should not shun the sun, even not at noon. However, levels well below sunburn thresholds are generally sufficient to profit from the beneficial effects of solar exposure. Public health guidance should be developed on the basis of this evidence, but account should also be taken of prevailing solar UV levels that depend on latitude and time of the year and day. Special guidance may be necessary for dark skinned people that live at moderate latitudes and people that cover most of their bodies for cultural or religious reasons. The same holds for people who stay most of the time indoors.-\n-The amount of solar exposure commensurate with good health depends on individual and population characteristics, as indicated above. To facilitate public health guidance it is recommended to extend the concept of the UV index promulgated by the World Health Organization to include the beneficial effects of solar exposure.-\n-The report is split into two parts: The first part (Part I) gives guidance for a sensible exposure regime to profit from beneficial health impacts from moderate solar (UV) exposure, the second part (Part II) is a review of scientific data that underpin the guidance in Part I. Keywords: actinic radiation effects, biologic effect of radiation, photobiology, radiation effects, ultraviolet radiation, phototherapy
CIE 210:2014 Photometry Using V(?)-Corrected Detectors as Reference and Transfer Standards
Authors:   CIE TC 2-37
Published: October 2022

This publication provides recommendations of the CIE concerning the use of V(?)-corrected detectors as reference and transfer standards for photometric units. Specifically it includes the construction, characterization and directions for use of standard photometers for such purposes. Keywords: photometry, radiometry, spectral responsivity, measurement uncertainty, calibration
CIE 221:2016 Infrared Cataract
Authors:   CIE TC 6-49
Published: October 2022

There has long been a debate about the dose response curve, action spectrum and mechanism for the production of infrared cataracts. Some scientists believe that the damage mechanism is purely thermal, others suggest that there is some evidence that it could be photochemical. If the mechanism is photochemical, a strong wavelength dependence in the near infrared spectral region will be present, and this will have great significance for lamp safety, IR-A medical devices, occupational exposure limits and the design of industrial eye protection. With the advent of high-power infrared LEDs and diode lasers as well as wavelength-tuneable infrared lasers (e.g. Titanium Sapphire laser), it is now possible for the first time to conduct a definitive and conclusive laboratory study of the action spectrum for infrared cataract. Manufacturers of LEDs, lamps and lasers should be intensely interested in the results of such studies. If the aetiology (cause) is purely thermal, the ambient temperature as well as the spectral content of the infrared irradiation becomes important and this is reviewed in this report. Currently the weight of evidence suggests that the aetiological mechanism is thermal. Keywords: actinic radiation effects, biologic effect of radiation, photobiology, radiation effects, infrared radiation, cataract
IEA 4E SSL ANNEX INTERLABORATORY COMPARISON OF MEASUREMENTS OF TEMPORAL LIGHT MODULATION – PLAN
Authors: Coyne S. , Ohno Y.
Published: October 2022

The International Energy Agency (IEA) 4E Solid State Lighting Annex is planning on conducting an Interlaboratory Comparison (IC 2022) for the measurement of temporal light modulation (TLM) from solid state lighting (SSL) products. This work builds on the SSL Annex’s experience from its previous two interlaboratory comparisons (IC 2013, IC 2017) for measurement of SSL products. IC 2022 is organised to compare measured TLM waveform data and calculated short term flicker index (PstLM) in IEC TR 61547-1 and stroboscopic effect visibility measure (SVM, MVS) in IEC TR 63158, of the comparison artefacts. Four LED lamps with different TLM characteristics and one TLM generator source will be used as the comparison artefacts. IC 2022 is planned as a technical study but is designed to serve as a proficiency test for SSL testing accreditation programmes. Early interest has been received from over 20 organisations, including test laboratories, instrument manufacturers, lighting manufacturers, universities and research institutes. The technical protocol is currently being developed.
Portraying Information Systems as a Member of Various Asterisms in the Galaxy of Science
Authors: Kroeze Jan H.
Published: October 2022

The discipline of Information Systems is often viewed as a social science. Information Systems research and teaching pertain to the management and sociological issues of the computing field. It also includes programming and systems analysis, design and development. It is, therefore, challenging to plot Information Systems on a continuum of disciplinary clusters. Depending on the viewpoint held on the scientific world, the groups of disciplines take on different forms. Although metaphors are often used in Information Systems to portray complex ideas in understandable ways, only a few papers could be found that explain the interdisciplinary nature of the discipline metaphorically. To fill this gap, this article uses the astronomical concepts of galaxy, constellation and asterism to explain the place of Information Systems within the scientific domain. An asterism is a grouping of stars which may be part of various constellations. Six different Information Systems asterisms are proposed. The conceptual reflection in the article offers a fresh perspective on the interdisciplinary nature of Information Systems to the philosophy of science. The article illustrates the proposed metaphors with some existing examples to validate the concept. Suggestions for future research are also provided.
Serpentinization Study On Ultramafic Rock at Morombo Area, Lasolo Islands District, North Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Hasria  , Febiyanti  , Masri  , Okto Ali , Hasan Erzam S. , Hamimu La , Sawaludin  , Iradat Salihin La Ode Muhammad , Wahab
Published: October 2022

The research is in Morombo area, North Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of serpentinized ultramafic rock and serpentine paragenesis. Research was conducted using  field observations and laboratory analysis consisting of petrographic and geochemical analysis  in the form of X-Ray Fluorosence (XRF). Petrographic analysis was carried out to identify the mineral content and textures in the rock and to determine the percentage of serpentine mineral presence. Both of these rocks are petrographically dominated by primary minerals olivine and clinopyroxine and secondary minerals namely lizardite, chrysotile, antiorite and opaque minerals. The XRF analysis was to determine the elements of Ni, Fe, Co, MgO, SiO2, CaO, Al2O3 and P in ultramafic rocks. The results of petrographic analysis show that serpentinized ultramafic rocks in the study area consist of serpentinized dunite and serpentinized peridotite. The formation of clay minerals in rocks does not occur because of the low serpentinization process in the rock. The results of XRF analysis showed that all samples in the bedrock showed Ni content above 0.2%. This is caused by the enrichment of Ni which is interpreted as a result of the serpentinization process along with the formation of lizardite in the rock. The serpentinization sub-processes in the study area comprised by hydration, serpentine recrystallization, and deserpentinization. Serpentine paragenesis is formed from the mid-oceanic ridge ocean floor, the orogenic phase to weathering. Substitution of Mg by Ni in ultramafic rocks will produce Ni-Serpentin. It is estimated that in the research area lizardite and chrysotile lizardite and chrysotile are the causes of Ni enrichment in bedrocks. The serpentinization characteristics of ultramafic rocks in the study area show a low to moderate level of serpentinization.
The Petrology and Volcano-Stratigraphy of The Muria-Peninsula High-K Volcanic Rocks, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyaningsih Sri , Bronto Sutikno , Kusniadi Arie , Apriyanti Lilis , Budiyanto L. , Wiloso Danis Agoes
Published: October 2022

The Muria-Peninsula is a Quaternary volcano located in the northern Sunda arc. Its activity was controlled under high potassic and very high potassic magma series resulting in leucite-rich trachyte and pyroxene-rich basaltic-andesite. It is a strato-type volcano that is composed of lava, breccia, and tuff layers, and some dikes have some volcanic craters and maars varying in age and composition. The study area is covering the volcanoes of Muria, Genuk, and Patiayam. This paper aims to describe the petrology, mineralogy, and volcano-stratigraphy of the different volcanic materials. The data and materials were sourced from the primary and secondary data. The methods are field mapping, stratigraphy measurements, collecting samples, thin section analyses, and major element geochemistry using X-Ray fluorescence (XRF). The results describe two groups of volcanic rocks consisting of pyroxene-rich andesitic-basaltic volcanic materials and leucite-rich trachytic volcanic materials. Augite presents in the andesitic basalt together with small grains of olivine and a few anorthite and foid minerals. Aegirine (Na-Pyroxene) is present in the leucite-rich trachyte that is often associated with biotite and hornblende. Na-Ca Plagioclase such as labradorite-andesine is often present in the basaltic-trachy-andesite that is usually rarely leucite. The major elements show high-K volcanic rocks with % K2O is 4-5.9% and very high-K volcanic rocks (with % K2O is between 6-8.24%) and low-K volcanic rocks that contain % K2O is 2-3,9%. There are two groups of high-K to very high-K volcanic materials consisting of silicic-rich volcanic materials (~57-64% of SiO2) and low-silicic volcanic materials (~46-50%). The TAS diagram identifies tephrite, phonolite, and trachyte. Stratigraphic data identifies calcareous sediments of the Bulu Formation as the basement rocks of the Muria trachyandesite. Beds of pumice-rich volcanic breccia of the Ujungwatu Formation are the basement rocks of the basanite-tephrite of the Genuk Volcano, and the tuff of the Ujungwatu is also exposed consisting of the basanite-tephritic-phonolite of the Patiayam Volcano. The leucite-like feldspars are very common in the andesite lava and dikes that compose the crater of Muria. Most of the Muria volcanic materials are rarely in leucite, while some maars contain pumice-rich pyroclastic flows and basaltic lava. The results of the major elemental analysis of the Muria materials indicate that the rock tends to be of medium to high K affinity (~2% K2O). The Genuk and older Muria are consisting of leucite-rich tephrite-phonolite. It was two periods of magmatic series developed in the Muria-Peninsula that was resulting in the high-K to very high-K magmatism and the medium K Kalk-alkaline magmatism.
Petrography and Geochemistry for Proposal of Geodynamic Model For The Irbiben Granite in Tagragra d’Akka inlier, (western Anti-Atlas, Morocco)
Authors: Boya Tokpa Kakeu Lionel-Dimitri , Gnanzou Allou , Fossou Kouadio Jean Luc Hervé , Adingra Pohn K. Martial , Goulihi Dagri David , M'Rabet Souad
Published: October 2022

This study aims to contribute to improve the knowledge on the setting of the Irbiben granites, located south of the gold deposit of this locality (Tagragra d'Akka buttonhole, Anti-Atlas, Morocco). The petrographic characterization showed leucocratic porphyry rocks, with a mineralogy dominated by quartz and phenocrysts of plagioclase, alkali feldspars of sometimes centimetric size as well as very small sulphides of metallic luster. Two generations of quartz have been identified: a QIquartz with undulating extinction phenocrysts testifying to an episode of deformation orchestrated in this inlier, and a QII quartz with more rounded and limpid minerals indicating an intense silicification. Plagioclase and alkali feldspars are deeply altered to sericite and epidote. Geochemical characterization classifies these rocks as calc-alkaline series granites, rich in potassium, with a peraluminous character indicating their crustal origin. Their arc geochemical signature, Ba enrichment, and negative Nb, Ti, and P anomalies are characteristic of a subduction zone. This subduction could be associated with an episode of convergence between an oceanic lithosphere located in the north and the West African craton in the south, as shown by the proposed geodynamic model.
Hate speech: sob o manto da liberdade de expressão
Authors: Almeida Cid Peres Sergio de
Published: October 2022

A liberdade de expressão, é vinculada a democracia. Por seu lado o hate speech ou discurso de ódio, protegido por esta liberdade é uma manifestação prejudicial, intolerante e sem sentido nos dias de hoje. Este artigo, parte integrante de pesquisa de doutoramento apresenta e analisa a abrangência da liberdade de expressão em sua necessária relação com os valoreas éticos e morais. Conclui refletindo como a temática abordada é apresentada nas redes sociais e suas consequências para as pessoas envolvidas, demonstrando a internet não ser um território neutro. Buscar um equilíbrio entre os discursos e a liberdade de expressão é o desafio contemporâneo de todos os países.
Violência simbólica, sociedade do desempenho e vivências da alteridade: aproximações entre leituras de Han e Bourdieu
Authors: Sá Martino Luís Mauro , Salgueiro Marques Ângela Cristina
Published: October 2022

Este artigo delineia algumas aproximações entre os conceitos de “violência simbólica”, de Bourdieu, e a noção de Eros, desenvolvida por Han em diálogo, sobretudo, com Lévinas. Aparentemente vinculados a instâncias opostas da experiência humana, os dois conceitos permitem aproximações em termos de sua potência política, seja no reforço de regimes cotidianos de dominação, seja na fabulação e elaboração de formas de insurgências e resistências de sujeitos ligados pelo vínculo solidário de ação. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, propõe-se aqui uma leitura cruzada dos autores no sentido de destacar possibilidades de aproximação, mas também de contraste, entre os dois conceitos.
Assessing ternary materials for fluoride-ion batteries
Authors: McTaggart Don , Sundberg Jack , McRae Lauren , Warren Scott
Published: October 2022

Although lithium‐ion batteries have transformed energy storage, there is a need to develop battery technologies with improved performance. Fluoride‐ion batteries (FIBs) may be promising alternatives in part due to their high theoretical energy density and natural elemental abundance. However, electrode materials for FIBs, particularly cathodes, have not been systematically evaluated, limiting rapid progress. Here, we evaluate ternary fluorides from the Materials Project crystal structure database to identify promising cathode materials for FIBs. Structures are further assessed based on stability and whether fluorination/defluorination occurs without unwanted disproportionation reactions. Properties are presented for pairs of fluorinated/defluorinated materials including theoretical energy densities, cost approximations, and bandgaps. We aim to supply a dataset for extracting property and structural trends of ternary fluoride materials that may aid in the discovery of next‐generation battery materials.
Reactive Chlorine Capture by Dichlorination of Alkene Linkers in Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Azbell Tyler , Mandel Ruth , Lee Jung-Hoon , Milner Phillip
Published: October 2022

Chlorine (Cl2) is a toxic and corrosive gas that is both an essential reagent in industry and a potent chemical warfare agent. Materials that can strongly bind Cl2 at low pressures are essential for industrial and civilian personal protective equipment (PPE). Herein, we report the first examples of irreversible Cl2 capture via the dichlorination of alkene linkages in Zr-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Frameworks constructed from fumarate (Zr-fum) and stilbene (Zr-stilbene) linkers retain long-range order and accessible porosity after alkene dichlorination. In addition, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) reveals an even distribution of Cl throughout both materials after Cl2 capture. Cl2 uptake experiments reveal high irreversible uptake of Cl2 (>10 wt %) at low partial pressures (<100 mbar), particularly in Zr-fum. In contrast, traditional porous carbons display mostly reversible Cl2 capture, representing a continued risk to users after exposure. Overall, our results support that alkene dichlorination represents a new pathway for reactive Cl2 capture, opening up new opportunities for binding this gas irreversibly in PPE.
Current Climate Change Trends in the Ural River Basin
Authors:   Institute of Steppe UB RAS, Sivokhip Zh. T. , Pavleychik V. M. ,   Institute of Steppe UB RAS
Published: October 2022

The study focuses on the transformation of main climate parameters (surface layer temperature and precipitation) in the Ural River basin at the current level. The study is relevant due to the location of a greater portion of the Ural River basin area within arid and water-deficient regions. Conclusions about the regional climate change in the studied basin are formulated on the basis of standard methods of statistical data analysis. Statistically significant linear trend coefficients illustrate a steady increase in the average annual air temperature in the Ural River basin. The trend component (R2) varies from 12 % (Kuvandyk) to 25–26 % (Aydyrlya, Belyaevka) and 36–42 % (Bredy, Uralsk, Orenburg, Atyrau). The largest contribution to the growth of average annual temperatures is made by the first three months of the calendar year (January-March) and the autumn months (October-November). The long-term precipitation amounts show no directional and statistically significant trends. In annual terms, a statistically significant increase in precipitation was found only in the western part of the Ural River basin (MS Ilek – 10 mm per 10 years; Sharlyk – 13 mm per10 years) and in adjacent areas (MS Buzuluk – 18 mm per 10 years). The key macro-regional trend in changing the precipitation regime is an increase in the proportion of the cold period precipitation. Within the studied basin, a steady trend of seasonal precipitation redistribution was recorded for all sectors of the catchment area, except for the lower reaches of the Ural River. In conclusion, the identified trends in the regional climate transformation indicate that these changes reflect changes in climatic conditions on a larger scale.
SRTM Data Application for Extrapolation of Rating Curves (On the Example of the Iya River at the Tulun Gauge)
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Sutyrina E. N. , Antonova T. I. ,   Irkutsk State University
Published: October 2022

The manuscript discusses the method developed by the authors for restoring the cross-sectional area curve and extrapolate rating curves for the Iya River at the Tulun gauge, using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data. As part of the work, the systematic correction for the study area was determined to recalculate altitudes from a digital terranean model according to SRTM topographic data to the Baltic Height System. The river width data from SRTM-based information after systematic correction are in good agreement with the width from large-scale satellite images as well as with the field width measurements at appropriate levels. The paper presents the results of the extrapolation of the rating curve, using the Chezy equation approach, the Stevens-Velikanov technique and the stage-area and stage-velocity method, using the area curve and the average depth curve obtained on SRTM materials. For each research method used in the study, by comparing with the reference of rating curve, the values of the average probable deviation were calculated. As part of the study the extrapolated rating curve is presented as an analytical equation, and the approximation error is determined.
Modern Land Use of the Osa River Basin (Upper Angara Region)
Authors:   V.B. Sochava Institute of Geography SB RAS, Lopatina D. N.
Published: October 2022

The territory of the Osa river basin was studied, where under the steppe and forest-steppe vegetation types of soils are common that are not typical for the taiga zone: real chernozems with a relatively thick humus layer, sometimes reaching 45-50 cm, dark humus soils and other types of fertile soils. It has been established that hydrometamorphosed chernozems with a thickness of the humus horizon of more than 1 m are widespread in low relief areas, under conditions of increased moisture. a series of expeditions was carried out to study the soils of natural, arable and fallow lands, as well as pastures. The content of humus and the granulometric composition of soils were determined (types of natural soils: gray typical, hydrometamorphosed chernozem, thin chernozem, typical dark humus; types of agrogenic analogues of natural soils: typical agroabrazem, dark agrozem, typical agrogrey, agroserohumus typical, agrodark humus typical, hydrometamorphosed agrochernozem, typical agrochernozem; more than 30 samples). The influence of these indicators on soil fertility is considered. The change in the nature of land use in the period from 1983 to 2013 has been studied, and possible reasons for these changes. A map of modern land use in 2021 was made. A comparison was made of the nature of modern land use with their use in 1983, 1997, 2005, 2013.
Prediction of player position for talent identification in association netball: a regression-based approach
Authors: Jasni Nur Hazwani , Mustapha Aida , Tenah Siti Solehah , Mostafa Salama A , Razali Nazim
Published: October 2022

Among the challenges in industrial revolutions, 4.0 is managing organizations’ talents, especially to ensure the right person for the position can be selected. This study is set to introduce a predictive approach for talent identification in the sport of netball using individual player qualities in terms of physical fitness, mental capacity, and technical skills. A data mining approach is proposed using three data mining algorithms, which are Decision Tree (DT), Neural Network (NN), and Linear Regressions (LR). All the models are then compared based on the Relative Absolute Error (RAE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Relative Square Error (RSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Coefficient of Determination (R2), and Relative Square Error (RSE). The findings are presented and discussed in light of early talent spotting and selection. Generally, LR has the best performance in terms of MAE and RMSE as it has the lowest values among the three models.
Rayleigh quotient with bolzano booster for faster convergence of dominant eigenvalues
Authors: Arifin M Zainal , Che Pee Ahmad Naim , Rahim Sarni Suhaila , Wibawa Aji Prasetya
Published: October 2022

Computation ranking algorithms are widely used in several informatics fields. One of them is the PageRank algorithm, recognized as the most popular search engine globally. Many researchers have improvised the ranking algorithm in order to get better results. Recent research using Rayleigh Quotient to speed up PageRank can guarantee the convergence of the dominant eigenvalues as a key value for stopping computation. Bolzano's method has a convergence character on a linear function by dividing an interval into two intervals for better convergence. This research aims to implant the Bolzano algorithm into Rayleigh for faster computation. This research produces an algorithm that has been tested and validated by mathematicians, which shows an optimization speed of a maximum 7.08% compared to the sole Rayleigh approach. Analysis of computation results using statistics software shows that the degree of the curve of the new algorithm, which is Rayleigh with Bolzano booster (RB), is positive and more significant than the original method. In other words, the linear function will always be faster in the subsequent computation than the previous method.
Contrast enhancement for improved blood vessels retinal segmentation using top-hat transformation and otsu thresholding
Authors: Arhami Muhammad , Desiani Anita , Yahdin Sugandi , Putri Ajeng Islamia , Primartha Rifkie , Husaini Husaini
Published: October 2022

Diabetic Retinopathy is a effect of diabetes. It results abnormalities in the retinal blood vessels. The abnormalities can cause blurry vision and blindness. Automatic retinal blood vessels segmentation on retinal image can detect abnormalities in these blood vessels, actually resulting in faster and more accurate segmentation results. The paper proposed an automatic blood vessel segmentation method that combined Otsu Thresholding with image enhancement techniques. In image enhancement, it combined CLAHE with Top-hat transformation to improve image quality. The study used DRIVE dataset that provided retinal image data. The image data in dataset was generated by the fundus camera. The CLAHE and Top-hat transformation methods were applied to rise the contrast and reduce noise on the image. The images that had good quality could help the segmentation process to find blood vessels in retinal images appropriately by a computer. It improved the performance of the segmentation method for detecting blood vessels in retinal image. Otsu Thresholding was used to segment blood vessel pixels and other pixels as background by local threshold. To evaluation performance of the proposed method, the study has been measured accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The DRIVE dataset's study results showed that the averages of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity values were 94.7%, 72.28%, and 96.87%, respectively. It indicated that the proposed method was successful and well to work on blood vessels segmentation retinal images especially for thick blood vessels.
Арабська весна та неконституційні зміни урядів в Африці
Authors: Zhdamarova Anna , Bilan Serhii
Published: October 2022

Стаття присвячена, по-перше, аналізу нормативної бази Африканського Союзу (АС) щодо неконституційних змін уряду. По-друге, розглядаються кроки, вжиті Союзом у зв’язку з повстаннями в Тунісі, Єгипті та Лівії, а також ефективність нормативної бази Союзу. Стаття стверджує, що існують недоліки в нормативній базі щодо неконституційних змін урядів, які перешкоджають ефективності АС у вирішенні проблем у межах своїх кордонів. Ця основа мала бути інноваційною, але фактично не відповідає поставленим цілям, коли йдеться про реагування на неочікувані події, такі як народні повстання в Північній Африці.
Mosquero del Balsas, Xenotriccus mexicanus: primer registro en Colima, México
Authors: Ortega Álvarez Rubén , Casas Alejandro
Published: October 2022

La distribución conocida del Mosquero del Balsas (Xenotriccus mexicanus) se limita al occidente de México, desde el centro de Michoacán hasta el oeste del Istmo de Tehuantepec, abarcando un ámbito altitudinal que va desde los 900 hasta los 2000 msnm. Reportamos dos individuos de la especie en un área de selva baja caducifolia en la comunidad Nahua de Zacualpan, Colima. Esta observación representa la primera para el estado y el registro publicado más occidental para la especie. Además, la observación la realizamos ~200 m por debajo de la altitud mínima donde se ha reportado a este mosquero. La presencia de X. mexicanus en las inmediaciones de la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán brinda una oportunidad para incrementar su resguardo dentro de un área natural protegida. Asimismo, amplía la importancia biológica y avifaunística de la reserva, del territorio comunitario y del estado de Colima.
Anatomical dimensions and variances of the foramen ovale in adult human skulls
Authors: Açikgöz Ahmet Kürşad , Babacan Serdar , Tuncel Çini Nilgün , Bozkir M. Gülhal
Published: October 2022

Background/Aim: The foramen ovale (FO) is very important in neurosurgical approaches; however, studies and developments in the literature report that no definite consensus about the cannulation of the FO is available. Therefore, more morphometric information concerning the FO is needed in addition to the previously defined morphological and morphometric features. The aim of this study was to compare the features of the foramen ovale stated in the literature and to analyze the topographic relationship between the FO and the anatomical structures around it to determine its precise location.
Methods: The study included 70 sides from 35 dry skulls of unknown age and gender. Skulls with any deformity or pathology that would affect the measurements were not included in the study. All skulls were placed in the horizontal plane with the external occipital protuberance facing posteriorly, the piriform aperture facing anteriorly, and the skull base pointing upwards at a 90° angle after which it was photographed vertically with the length scale. A Nikon D5300 Digital Camera was used for the photography, and digital image processing software (Image J) was used for foramen ovale measurements. In addition, the shape of the foramen ovale was classified as oval, almond, D-shaped, slit-shaped, round, and irregular. SPSS 21.0 was used for the statistical analysis.
Results: The mean anteroposterior diameter length of the FO was 6.144 mm, and the transverse diameter length was 2.885 mm. When the distribution of the shape of the FO was examined, oval and almond shapes were most common shapes (34.29%). In addition, round (12.85%), D-shaped (10%), and slit-shaped (8.57%) were obtained. According to Pearson’s correlation analysis, the highest correlation was between the distance from the carotid canal to the foramen ovale and the shortest distance from the foramen ovale to the midline (FO-CC and the FO-ML, respectively; r = 0.427).
Conclusion: The morphology of the FO is important in terms of surgical and interventional approaches. In the literature, no significant differences between the right and left sides for the foramen ovale were found in contrast to our study. When the FO shape percentages were examined in most previous studies, it was seen that most of them were oval. In this study, the ratios of oval and almond shapes were the same. Morphometric measurements can give different results in every race due to the structure of the bones, which may vary according to the population. We think that presenting data on the Turkish population in this study will set an example for conducting future studies.
THE LIFE OF A MOTIF IN THE TEMPLE ENVIRONMENT (ON THE MATERIAL OF MEMORATIONS AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICES OF DOMINICAN WOMEN OF THE 13TH–14TH CENTURIES)
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Reutin Mikhail Yu.
Published: October 2022

The article is devoted to the main motives of the nine so-called “sister books” that were created at the turn of the 12th–13th centuries in the Dominican convents for women in the south of the German-speaking region and were highly mythologized monastic chronicles. The mysticalascetic practices of medieval Western monasticism were built on the basis of several (marriage, passion, Christmas) motifs developed by the Cistercian Bernard of Clairvaux in a cycle of sermons on the biblical Song of Songs of King Solomon. Created in the middle of the 12th century, these motifs subsequently descended into the environment of common piety at the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. In these three motives – marriage (nuptial), passionate (passionate) and Christmas (natal) – the mystical union of the soul of man and God (unio mystica) is allegorically described. Launched into circulation by Bernard of Clairvaux as conditional metaphors that accompanied discursive theological reasoning, these motifs passed through several stages in their development, until they finally became behavioral scenarios played out by Dominicans in everyday life, in the process of unfolding spontaneous performative practices. Through the efforts of the inquisitors (John Nider and others), such scenarios were rethought in the middle of the 15th century as constituent elements of witch cults.
LA MILAGROSA: VOTIVE PRACTICES AT COLON CEMETERY AND IN VIRTUAL SPACE
Authors:   The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Khristoforova Olga B.
Published: October 2022

The paper examines the legends and votive practices that exist around one of the graves at the Colon cemetery in Havana, the capital of the Republic of Cuba. Amelia Goyri de Adot (nee Amelia Goyri de la Hoz) was buried in this cemetery in 1901. In 1909 on her grave a tombstone was erected, which became an object of religious veneration for both Cubans and visitors from other countries. Pilgrims perform a certain ritual near the monument and leave votive tablets with gratitude to Amelia, worshiped as a saint with the name of La Milagrosa. Nowadays, the legend that has developed around this burial is actively circulating on the Internet, transforming and acquiring new details. Virtual practices of worship are also appearing, markedly different from those performed in the cemetery.
Factores que influyen en el comportamiento de compra del consumidor en línea
Authors: Bermejo Rodriguez Gabriela Alejandra
Published: October 2022

El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar cada uno de esos factores, tomando en cuenta la intención de compra, el valor percibido por parte del consumidor, el conocimiento de marca y la confianza.
Evaluación del impacto de la política pública federal beca Benito Juárez, nivel medio superior en la deserción escolar en tres comunidades rurales del norte de méxico, durante el trienio 2018-2020 mediante el modelo de redes neuronales artificiales.
Authors: Tena Medrano Bilham Caleb
Published: October 2022

Evaluar el impacto en la deserción escolar de la Política Pública “Beca Benito Juárez” Nivel medio superior en tres comunidades rurales del Norte de México mediante un modelo emergente dentro del área social como son las redes neuronales artificiales proveniente de las ciencias computacionales, el modelo permite la optimización de recursos humanos
Alianzas internacionales para la economía circular: la valorización de residuos fotovoltaicos en el extranjero como oportunidad de negocio y solución ambientalmente sostenible para méxico.
Authors: De Lachica Acosta Jonathan Dennis
Published: October 2022

Identificar los diferentes factores y actores que intervendrían en el proceso de valorización de los residuos fotovoltaicos y analizar su compleja interrelación, a fin de proponer un modelo para México que permita lograr la maximización de los múltiples beneficios de la economía circular, mediante las relaciones internacionales, los negocios y la diplomacia.