bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paisaje hídrico y sostenibilidad urbana
Authors: Del Castillo Oyarzún Mario Esteban , Castillo Haeger Claudia Andrea
Published: November 2016

Resumen La ciudad debe ser reconocida como parte de la naturaleza y diseñada, en consecuencia, comprendiendo las conexiones entre paisaje y ciudad que son funcionales, sostenibles, significantes y poseedores de arte y belleza. El paisaje urbano se constituye de formas que conjugan naturaleza, historia y cultura, poniendo en valor la complejidad de variables teóricas y prácticas que implican biodiversidad, procesos eco sistémicos y diversas actividades humanas en el tiempo. En ese contexto, una de las coordenadas especialmente valiosas y presentes en el paisaje urbano de muchas de las ciudades de Chile se construye a partir del trazado que ha hecho el agua. Entonces, reconocer el paisaje urbano como una relación de diseño sobre el paisaje hídrico de soporte, resulta indispensable para entender la ciudad y sus dinámicas de transformación como un todo fluido y en movimiento. Este trabajo busca proponer un sustrato teórico, un imaginario práctico y una metodología posible para la configuración de paisajes hídricos urbanos para aportar en la discusión de cómo enfrentaremos la condición hídrica en nuestras ciudades contemporáneas en el marco del quinto paradigma de la urbanización en conjunto con el enfoque de ciudades sensibles al agua. AbstractThe city should be recognized as part of nature and, consequently, be designed with an understanding of the relationships between the landscape which are functional, sustainable, meaningful, and possess art and beauty. The urban landscape is composed of forms which interplay nature, history and culture, emphasizing the complexity of theoretical and practical variables associated with bio-diversity, ecosystemic processes, and diverse human activities over time. In this context, one especially valuable dimension present in many Chliean cities can be constructed on the basis of the course taken by water. The recognition of urban landscape as a relationship between its design and its supporting hydric landscape is indispensable for understanding the city and the dynamics of its transformation as a fluid in movement. This article seeks to propose a possible theoretical, practical and methodological basis for comprehending the configuration of urban hydric landscapes in contemporary cities in the framework of the fifth paradigm of urbanization focused on water sensitive cities.
History, development, challenges and opportunities of empirical research in audiovisual translation
Authors: Perego Elisa
Published: November 2016

After drawing a brief history of audiovisual translation (AVT), the paper gives a definition of empirical research and it analyzes when, how and why empirical research started to develop and grow systematically in this field of research. The paper also emphasizes the role of empirical research as a tool enabling us to know more about the actual effectiveness of AVT on its audiences as well as to develop awareness of the audience preferences and viewing habits. Consequently, it functions as an important purveyor of knowledge providing a solid basis for shaping quality and tailor made products suiting diverse types of end-users — be them standard or vulnerable users.
A qualitative study of provider perspectives on the barriers to contraceptive use in Kaliro and Iganga Districts, Eastern Central Uganda
Authors: Shumba Constance Sibongile , Miyonga Jonathan , Kiconco Judith , Kerchan Patrick , Tumwesigye Tonny
Published: November 2016

Background: Family planning confers unique benefits including preventing unintended pregnancies, improving maternal and child health outcomes, and increasing women’s access to education and economic opportunities. However, Uganda has a low contraceptive prevalence rate of only 30%, and progress in improving maternal and child health outcomes is slow.
Objective: This assessment explores community health workers’ and facility-based health workers’ qualitative perspectives on the use of contraceptives in the Iganga and Kaliro districts in Eastern Central Uganda.
Methods: The baseline assessment used a qualitative approach with a focused sample of community- and facility-based health workers aged 20-60 years. Two focus group discussions with Community Health Workers and four key informant interviews with facility-based health workers were conducted. Thematic content analysis was done manually.
Results: The main factors influencing contraceptive use in these communities were preference for large families, perceived inadequate knowledge of family planning and fear of side effects, inadequate spousal and family support, male domination and risk of violence, divorce and polygamy, inadequate human resource capacity and low motivation, and user fees.
Conclusion: The study findings suggest that there is low use of contraceptives for family planning in the Kaliro and Iganga districts in Uganda. Recommendations include developing a strong focus in exploring policy options to build the capacities of trained health workers to offer long-term methods in order to increase the availability of family planning options. Family planning interventions should increase the availability of contraceptive methods using gender-sensitive strategies, including community mobilization.
Health and wholeness undergraduate course in Uganda: Potential public health impact and transferability
Authors: Fountain Douglas L , Mukooza Edward , Kanyesigye Edward
Published: November 2016

Over 26,000 students at a major Christian University in Uganda have completed a single semester course on Health and Wholeness. While common in other higher education contexts, general education courses and health education courses in particular are uncommon in the Africa higher education context. This course therefore is a bold initiative by Uganda Christian University. The course is designed to help students in a wide range of programs understand how to promote and improve health in their own lives as well as their homes, communities, workplace, and society. Students learn about the definitions of health and wholeness. They discuss hygiene; nutrition; sanitation, water, and land use; common occurring health problems, HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections; sexuality; first aid and early intervention; family health, dependence, fitness and life skills, and leadership for a healthy society. Through discussion, students are expected to identify factors that hinder or enhance health. Challenges and lessons learned in the course include confronting cultural practices, improving critical analysis skills, addressing information at the right technical level, and improving behavior change. Because graduates come from, and move on to, virtually all facets of economic, civil, and social life in Uganda and beyond, this course could carry tremendous potential to improve the public’s health.
Maternal and child health from a human rights perspective: the Indian scenario and nuns as community health enablers
Authors: Thomas Tomi , Maliekal Anto
Published: November 2016

All women need access to antenatal care in pregnancy, skilled care during childbirth, and care and support in the weeks after childbirth. This discussion tries to look into the life context of maternal and child health, and the health scenario of women/girl children in general in India from the perspective of Human Rights. Currently, most of the public and private health experts and organizations do not talk and act on the human rights perspective of health service delivery. Reversely, only a very few rights-based organizations advocate directly the right to health for the marginalized. Within the framework of a rights-based approach, the right to (Maternal) Health on practical terms means “Availability, Accessibility, Acceptability and Quality.” Concluding, in the background of the Catholic Health Association of India (CHAI), the discussion also focuses on how the nun nurses play their role as “Community Health Enablers” to improve the situation.
Continuing medical and dental education on the global stage: the nexus of supporting international Christian healthcare workers and developing educators
Authors: Slashcheva Lyubov D , Strand Mark A , VanReken Ruth E , Sanford Collin , Phillips Dwight , Halverson Gloria
Published: November 2016

One of the challenges facing international healthcare missionaries is that of maintaining up-to-date knowledge and staying current with professional certification. Since 1978, annual programs by the Christian Medical and Dental Associations have offered professional continuing education to thousands of US healthcare professionals serving as missionaries in the regions of Africa, Asia, and, in more recent years, globally. In addition, conference programming is designed to prepare, train, and support healthcare missionaries to, in turn, serve as educators in their places of ministry. The program is designed for both professional education and personal encouragement. Utilizing historical documents from program facilitation and interviews from those involved with its implementation, this paper describes the history, vision, and favorable quantitative growth and qualitative impact on participants. The program continues to grow as healthcare missionaries are educated near their places of service, while reinforcing their own roles as educators.
Equipping healthcare professionals to care for the whole person
Authors: Falkenheimer Sharon Ann
Published: November 2016

Western medical education has only recently sought to attend to the spiritual aspects of the patient. The overwhelming evidence of the role the spiritual plays in health and disease has led to movement to adopt a bio-psycho-social-spiritual model of care. However, these efforts often lack wholistic integration. The purpose of this article is to describe a program and international network helping to address the need for curricula and methods to educate healthcare professionals in whole person care wholistically and to make the availability of these resources more widely known to those likely to benefit from and use them. The UK Christian charity PRIME: Partnerships in International Medical Education provides a free curriculum and training opportunities for this purpose. PRIME’s approach and course have been widely sought and accepted by professionals from different cultures and faith groups and has developed into an international network.
“Exporting” medical education
Authors: Shah Vinod , Larson H Elliott , Grills Nathan , O’Neill Daniel , Soderling Michael
Published: November 2016

A commentary on four reports of the pre-conference on medical education in low and middle income countries and efforts by mainly North American physicians to provide assistance held November, 2015. The authors address issues of participatory learning and developing critical thinking; mutual learning and leadership;  and professionalism and ethics in medical education.
Teknologi Pengolahan Telur Ikan
Authors: Peranginangin Rosmawaty
Published: November 2016

Telur  ikan  adalah  suatu  produk  yang  kaya  akan  protein. Namun,  produk  ini sangat mudahmembusuk  karena keberadaan enzim-enzim dalam  telur  itu sendiri atau oleh kontaminasi bakteri.Akibatnya, apabila  tidak  segera  ditangani,  telur  ini  cepat menurun mutunya dan  tidak  layak  lagiuntuk  dikonsumsi. Banyak  jenis  telur  ikan  yang  diperdagangkan  secara  komersial  seperti  telurikan  terbang  (Cypselurus  sp.)  yang banyak  terdapat  di  Indonesia,  telur  ikan  sturgeon  (Acipenserstellatus)  yang banyak  terdapat  di  laut Kaspia  dan  terkenal dengan  nama  kaviar,  telur  ikan  carp,dan  telur  ikan  salmon. Harga  telur  ikan  sesuai dengan  jenis  ikannya. Teknologi  pengolahan  telurikan diawali dari  teknik pengeluaran  telur  dari perut  ikan  dengan hati-hati, untuk mencegah  telurtidak dikotori oleh lendir dan darah. Apabila tidak hati-hati, maka telur akan lebih cepat membusuk.Telur  yang sudah diambil  kemudian  langsung dilewatkan pada screen khusus untuk memisahkanbutiran  telur  dan  jaringan  ikatnya.  Pengawetan  telur  ikan  pada  umumnya  adalah  denganpenggaraman,  yang  kadang-kadang  dikombinasi  dengan  pasteurisasi,  pengepresan,  ataupengeringan  di  udara    terbuka.  Telur  dapat  digarami  kering,  direndam  dalam  larutan  garamjenuh yang disesuaikan dengan produk yang diinginkan konsumen.  Ada juga yang menambahkanbahan  kimia  untuk    pengawetan  telur  salmon  seperti  boraks  dan  heksametilentetramina  yangdimasukkan  ke  dalam  telur  yang  telah  digarami  sebelum  pengemasan.  Penambahan  bahanpengawet  boraks    harus  dihentikan  penggunaannya  dari  segi  keamanan  pangan  dan  sampaidengan  saat  ini masih  dicari  penggantinya. Sampai  saat  ini,  telur  ikan  terbang  dari  Indonesiamasih  dijual  dalam  bentuk  kering  dan  belum  dilakukan  variasi  pengolahannya  padahal  teknikpengolahan  akan meningkatkan  nilai  tambah  dari  produk  telur  ikan  terbang. Sebagai  produkekspor,  telur  ikan  harus  memenuhi  persyaratan  standar  dan  keamanan  pangan  dalampengolahannya.
Produksi Mikroalga sebagai Biofuel
Authors: Basmal Jamal
Published: November 2016

Biofuel  yang berasal dari  tanaman  darat  atau  laut  seperti mikroalga  sudah mulai  diupayakanuntuk menjadi  energi  alternatif  pengganti minyak  bumi. Berdasarkan  hasil  penelitian,  diketahuibahwa minimal  14  spesies mikroalga  berpotensi untuk menghasilkan biofuel dengan  kandunganminyak  antara  15–77%  dari  bobot  kering mikroalga. Untuk menghasilkan  1  kg  (bk)  biomassadiperlukan media  tumbuh  air  laut  sebanyak  1m3. Di  samping  kandungan minyaknya  dapatdiekstrak,  limbah  padatnya  juga  dapat  dipergunakan  untuk  pakan  ternak  atau  bahan  bakufermentasi  untuk menghasilkan  biomethane.  Tantangan  yang  dihadapi  dalam meningkatkanproduksi  biomassa mikroalga  adalah  ketersediaan  karbon  dioksida. Selain  itu,  dalam  prosesekstraksi  juga  diperlukan  suatu  alat  yang  dapat memecah  dinding  sel mikroalga  sehinggakandungan minyaknya  dapat  diekstrak  semaksimal mungkin.
Ekstremofil sebagai penghasil enzim yang potensial untuk aplikasi industri pangan dan non pangan
Authors: Zilda Dewi Seswita
Published: November 2016

Lingkungan ekstrem diketahui ternyata menunjang kehidupan bagi berbagai jenis mikroorganisme yang dikenal dengan sebutan ekstremofil. Mikroorganisme yang tumbuh dan berkembang di lingkungan yang ekstrem ini menghasilkan biokatalis dengan sifat-sifat yang dapat memenuhi standar proses industri. Untuk memenuhi permintaan yang semakin tinggi, eksplorasi yang semakin intensif terhadap biokatalis ini terus dilakukan. Beberapa mikroorganisme ekstremofilik telah diisolasi dan enzim yang dihasilkannya telah dikarakterisasi dan diaplikasikan dalam industri makanan, detergen, pengolahan kayu, dan proses-proses bioteknologi. Enzim-enzim ini mempunyai kestabilan yang tinggi terhadap pH, suhu, salinitas, dan kondisi ekstrem lainnya.
Liquid organic fertilizer from seaweed (Sargassum sp.)and fish waste hydrolysate
Authors: Basmal Jamal
Published: November 2016

The combination of seaweed Sargassum sp. and fish waste hydrolysate can be used as anorganic fertilizer, both in liquid or solid forms. The organic fertilizer has a complete macro andmicro nutrients. It contains growth hormone factor such as auxin, cytokinine (zeatin and kinetin)and giberelin. The function of growth hormone factor in plants is to enhance the roots, stems, andleaves expansion, as well as to increase fruit production. To produce liquid organic fertilizer,seaweed has to be hydrolyzed in alkaline condition, meanwhile solid waste of fish has to behydrolyzed in acid condition. The liquid organic fertilizer had protein value of 0.08% or equal to0.012% N, 0.13% P, 1.22% K, 0.06% Ca, 0.17% Mg, 55.04% Fe, 122.75 ppm Mn, 1.95 ppm Cu,24.59 ppm Zn, 13 ppm B, and 18% alginic acid. It had auxin (IAA) of 91.48 ppm, cytokinine of84.71 ppm kinetin and of 70.27 ppm zeatin and giberellin (GA3) of 107.72 ppm.
Stress response in sponges and their potential applications to biomonitor stressors in coral reef ecosystem
Authors: Dewi Ariyanti Suhita
Published: November 2016

Sponges are sessile invertebrates that belong to the class of primitive and simple metazoans.Slow mobility causing sponges to develop a high adaptability toward environmental changes. Asfilter feeder, sponges bioaccumulate pollutants from their surroundings. Therefore, they can beused as tools to detect heavy metals pollutions and non-biodegradable chemical wastes.Ecologically, every sponge species demonstrates different level of resiliency toward disturbances.Observation on their community structures, including species diversity, richness and abundance,provides information on the biological integrity of their inhabited ecosystem. Detection ofenvironmental stress also can be conducted by measuring the expression of stress indicatorprotein such as Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 70 as biomarker in sponges. These sensitive anddiverse stress responses make sponges as potential bioindicators for biomonitoring program ofcoral reef ecosystem.
Chitosan edible films of shrimp waste as food packaging, friendly packaging.
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Agusman Agusman
Published: November 2016

In an effort to reduce environmental pollution, edible film chitosan has been developed recentlyto maximize the utilization of shrimp waste and to promote the use of environmentally friendlypackaging. Chitosan is obtained through the process of deproteination, demineralization,depigmentation, and deacetylation of chitin. The next phase is dissolving chitosan in acid solventwith addition of plasticizer, followed by printing and drying. Edible chitosan film is applied as acoating on fresh fruits, meat products, sausages and other food products. The advantages ofedible chitosan film is its biodegradability, edibility, and anti microbial activity.
Distribution of brown seaweed producing alginate in Indonesia and the potential utilization
Authors: Subaryono Subaryono
Published: November 2016

Brown seaweed producing alginate frequently obtained in Indonesian waters , especially fromgenus of Sargassum and Turbinaria. These seaweeds are wide distributed from Aceh to Papuawaters. There are 15 species of Sargassum and some species of Turbinaria in Indonesia. Thisseaweed were very potential used as a row material of alginate industry, with main market Chinaand Malaysia. Quality requirement for seaweed as row material for alginate industry in China werealginate content not less than 17%, viscosity 47 cP, and gel strength 139 g/cm2. Expansion ofalginate industry in Indonesia was limited by low continuity of row material production. Prospectiveutilization of this brown seaweed as a row material of drug/traditional herbal medicine were sohigh because its ability to reducing high blood glucose in diabetes patient and decelerate thegrowth of cancer cell. Natural seaweed collection were done at peak season production on dryseason, and help out to increase the welfare of seaweed collection farmer.
Counseling and new media technologies: A comparison of problem presentations in e-mail and in chat
Authors: Stommel Wyke , Van der Houwen Fleur
Published: November 2016

In this article, we examine problem presentations in e-mail and chat counseling. Previous studies of online counseling have found that the medium (e.g., chat, email) impacts the unfolding interaction. However, the implications for counseling are unclear. We focus on problem presentations and use conversation analysis to compare 15 chat and 22 e-mail interactions from the same counseling program. We find that in e-mail counseling, counselors open up the interactional space to discuss various issues, whereas in chat, counselors restrict problem presentations and give the client less space to elaborate. We also find that in e-mail counseling, clients use narratives to present their problem and orient to its seriousness and legitimacy, while in chat counseling, they construct problem presentations using a symptom or a diagnosis. Furthermore, in email counseling, clients close their problem presentations stating completeness, while in chat counseling, counselors treat clients’ problem presentations as incomplete. Our findings shed light on how the medium has implications for counseling.
Involving patients, families and medical staff in the evaluation of 3D printing models of congenital heart disease
Authors: Biglino Giovanni , Capelli Claudio , Leaver Lindsay-Kay , Schievano Silvia , Taylor Andrew M. , Wray Jo
Published: November 2016

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of 3D printing patient-specific models of congenital heart disease (CHD) from the perspective of different stakeholders potentially benefiting from the technology (patients, parents, clinicians and nurses). Methods: Workshops, focus groups and teaching sessions were organized, each targeting a different group of stakeholders. Sessions involved displaying and discussing different 3D models of CHD. Model evaluation involved questionnaires, audio-recorded discussions and written feedback. Results: All stakeholders expressed a liking for the 3D models and for the patient-specific quality of such models. Patients indicated that 3D models can help them imagine “what's going on inside” and parents agreed that these tools can spark curiosity in the young people. Clinicians indicated that teaching might be the most relevant application of such novel technology and nurses agreed that 3D models improved their learning experience during a course focused on CHD. Conclusion: The successful engagement of different stakeholders to evaluate 3D printing technology for CHD identified different priorities, highlighting the importance of eliciting the views of different groups. Practice Implications: A PPI-based approach in the evaluation and translation of 3D printing technology may increase patient empowerment, improve patient-doctor communication and provide better access to a new teaching and training tool.
Exploring web-mediated communication: A genre-based linguistic study for new patterns of doctor–patient interaction in online environment
Authors: Zummo Marianna
Published: November 2016

This paper questions the nature of the communicative event that takes place in online contexts between doctors and web-users, showing computer-mediated linguistic norms and discussing the nature of the participants’ roles. Based on an analysis of 1005 posts occurring between doctors and the users of health service websites, I analyse how doctor–patient communication is affected by the medium and how health professionals overcome issues concerning the virtual medical visit. Results suggest that (a) online medical answers offer a different service from that expected by users, as doctors cannot always fulfill patient requests, and (b) net consultations use aspects of traditional doctor–patient exchange and yet present a language and a style that are affected by the computer-mediated environment. Additionally, it seems that this new form leads to a different model of doctor–patient relationship. The findings are intended to provide new insights into web-based discourse in doctor–patient communication and to demonstrate the emergence of a new style in medical communication.
Review of Three Gurdjieff-Related Books
Authors: Azize Joseph
Published: November 2016

Three recent Gurdjieff-related volumes are reviewed: Women of the Rope comprising diary notes chiefly by Solano and Hulme; The Reality of Being by Jeanne de Salzmann (generally regarded as his leading pupil); and Questions and Answers along the Way which transcribes group meetings with Hugh Ripman. These flesh out Gurdjieff’s ideas and methods in important ways. Most significantly, a good deal of light is shed on Gurdjieff’s introduction of contemplation-like inner exercises. The most important of these is the daily “meditation” which he called “the Preparation”. Also, it is suggested that Gurdjieff’s system, originally designed to harmonise “Eastern” and “Western”, underwent a process of “Easternization” after his death in 1949.
Undergraduate oncology teaching OSCEs (objective structured clinical examinations): an effective method of delivering oncology education to medical students
Authors: Sun Fei , Slevin Finbar , Ward Jason , Radhakrishna Ganesh
Published: November 2016

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Rising cancer incidence and increasing complexity of cancer treatments are major challenges for health professionals. Teaching of acute oncology emergencies is an important aspect of undergraduate medical training. At the Leeds Cancer Centre (LCC) we have run medical undergraduate Oncology teaching OSCE sessions for fourth year medical students for the past 6 years. These sessions provide valuable formative assessment and immediate feedback on performance for the students at the end of their oncology and palliative care attachment. Feedback for facilitators from students has consistently been excellent. We feel teaching OSCEs are a useful method of delivering teaching about acute oncology emergencies and assessing performance following a placement within our cancer centre.
A Study of Thymidylate Synthase Expression as a Biomarker for Resectable Colon Cancer: Alliance (Cancer and Leukemia Group B) 9581 and 89803
Authors: Niedzwiecki Donna , Hasson Rian M. , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Ye Cynthia , Redston Mark , Ogino Shuji , Fuchs Charles S. , Compton Carolyn C. , Mayer Robert J. , Goldberg Richard M. , Colacchio Thomas A. , Saltz Leonard B. , Warren Robert S. , Bertagnolli Monica M.
Published: November 2016

Purpose

Tumor levels of thymidylate synthase (TS), a target of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer, have been studied as a predictive or prognostic biomarker with mixed results.

Patients and Methods

Tumor TS levels were prospectively evaluated in two adjuvant therapy trials for patients with resected stage II or III colon cancer. TS expression was determined by standard immunohistochemistry and by automated quantitative analysis. Tumor mismatch repair deficiency (MMR-D) and BRAF c.1799T > A (p.V600E) mutation status were also examined. Relationships between tumor TS, MMR-D, and BRAF mutation status, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were investigated in the subset of stage III patients.

Results

Patients whose tumors demonstrated high TS expression experienced better treatment outcomes, with DFS hazard ratio (HR) = 0.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.53, 0.84; and OS HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.53, 0.88, for high versus low TS expression, respectively. No significant interaction between TS expression and stage was observed (DFS: interaction HR = 0.94; OS: interaction HR = 0.94). Tumors with high TS expression were more likely to demonstrate MMR-D (22.2% vs. 12.8%; p =  .0003). Patients whose tumors demonstrated both high TS and MMR-D had a 7-year DFS of 77%, compared with 58% for those whose tumors had low TS and were non-MMR-D (log-rank p =  .0006). Tumor TS expression did not predict benefit of a particular therapeutic regimen.

Conclusion

This large prospective analysis showed that high tumor TS levels were associated with improved DFS and OS following adjuvant therapy for colon cancer, although tumor TS expression did not predict benefit of 5-FU-based chemotherapy.
Polyomavirus Reactivation and Immune Responses to Kidney-Specific Self-Antigens in Transplantation
Authors: Seifert Michael E. , Gunasekaran Muthukumar , Horwedel Timothy A. , Daloul Reem , Storch Gregory A. , Mohanakumar Thalachallour , Brennan Daniel C.
Published: November 2016

Humoral immune responses against donor antigens are important determinants of long-term transplant outcomes. Reactivation of the polyomavirus BK has been associated with de novo antibodies against mismatched donor HLA antigens in kidney transplantation. The effect of polyomavirus reactivation (BK viremia or JC viruria) on antibodies to kidney-specific self-antigens is unknown. We previously reported excellent 5-year outcomes after minimization of immunosuppression for BK viremia and after no intervention for JC viruria. Here, we report the 10-year results of this trial (n=193) along with a nested case-control study (n=40) to explore associations between polyomavirus reactivation and immune responses to the self-antigens fibronectin (FN) and collagen type-IV (Col-IV). Consistent with 5-year findings, subjects taking tacrolimus, compared with those taking cyclosporin, had less acute rejection (11% versus 22%, P=0.05) and graft loss (9% versus 22%, P=0.01) along with better transplant function (eGFR 65±19 versus 50±24 ml/min per 1.73 m2, P<0.001) at 10 years. Subjects undergoing immunosuppression reduction for BK viremia had 10-year outcomes similar to those without viremia. In the case-control study, antibodies to FN/Col-IV were more prevalent during year 1 in subjects with polyomavirus reactivation than in those without reactivation (48% versus 11%, P=0.04). Subjects with antibodies to FN/Col-IV had more acute rejection than did those without these antibodies (38% versus 8%, P=0.02). These data demonstrate the long-term safety and effectiveness of minimizing immunosuppression to treat BK viremia. Furthermore, these results indicate that polyomavirus reactivation associates with immune responses to kidney-specific self-antigens that may increase the risk for acute rejection through unclear mechanisms.
Patrimônio cultural naval e proposta de roteiros turísticos para as embarcações tototós pelo estuário do Rio Sergipe
Authors: Santos Gabriela Nicolau dos , Aragão Ivan Rêgo , Souza Acacia Maria Barros
Published: November 2016

Desde o final da década de 1940, as embarcações do tipo tototó cumprem a função de transportar passageiros entre as margens na foz do baixo Rio Sergipe. Em 2011, receberam o título de Patrimônio Cultural e Imemorial do Estado de Sergipe pelo Decreto-Lei n. 7.320. A partir da pesquisa bibliográfica, trabalho de campo e adoção da metodologia do Inventário Nacional de Referências Culturais (INRC/Iphan), o presente estudo propõe roteiros turísticos pela foz do Rio Sergipe proporcionando outros itinerários para essas embarcações. Uma das soluções verificadas em campo se pautou na elaboração de roteiros dentro do segmento do Turismo de Base Comunitária, onde os canoeiros seriam protagonistas desses circuitos gerando um impacto positivo para a cadeia produtiva do turismo em Barra dos Coqueiros. Essa ação poderia tornar-se uma ferramenta de educação, conhecimento e preservação dos bens culturais e ambientais que se vinculam ao espaço, sendo o ofício do canoeiro e os demais saberes da localidade, valorizados. Os roteiros seriam geridos pelos próprios barqueiros ou pessoas da comunidade interessadas em desenvolver o turismo sob essa ótica.
Integração comunitária: Red Tusoco como um modelo de gestão participativa na organização do turismo local
Authors: Nardelli Mary Angela , Vianna Thaisa Emanuelli , Nitsche Leticia Bartoszeck
Published: November 2016

A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar o arranjo socioprodutivo de turismo de base comunitária desenvolvido pela Red Boliviana de Turismo Solidário e Comunitário – Tusoco, de modo a sistematizar informações descritivas acerca do formato de gestão do turismo pelas comunidades locais. Levou-se em consideração o fato de existirem iniciativas com dificuldades de autogestão, como a encontrada no município de Colombo/PR, na Região do Sul do Brasil, servindo de base para uma mediação entre o problema e uma possível solução. Com metodologia de pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, essa iniciativa boliviana foi escolhida como norteadora para análise e formulação de propostas a serem desenvolvidas no planejamento da atividade turística em pequenas comunidades, levando em consideração as especificidades locais. Assim, o trabalho resultou em propostas como uma gestão orgânica circular para a autonomia comunitária, planejamento de microrroteiros para a valorização da microespacialidade e laços entre pares, bem como a institucionalização de um mecanismo de turismo receptivo para superar as dificuldades da comercialização.
Entry-Level Doctorate for Occupational Therapists: An Assessment of Attitudes of Occupational Therapists and Occupational Therapy Assistants
Authors: McCombie Randy P.
Published: November 2016

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to survey occupational therapists (OTs) and occupational therapy assistants (OTAs) on their attitudes toward a possible move to the entry-level doctorate as the mandated singular point of entry into the profession for OTs.

Method:The study surveyed a random sample of 600 OTs and 600 OTAs from two northeastern states.

Results:Responses from 144 OTs and 77 OTAs indicate most respondents disagree with the profession making the possible degree change. Although analyses reveal minimal differences between OTs and OTAs, some significant disparities between bachelor’s-degree and postbaccalaureate OTs were found.

Conclusion:Results support the need for continuing dialogue regarding the merits and drawbacks of a mandated move to the entry-level doctorate as well as the need for expanded input from all levels of occupational therapy professionals in future discussions.
Ofelia Uribe de Acosta: Critica a la educación colombiana
Authors: Blanco Vilma Nury
Published: November 2016

RESUMEN En junio de 1963, la feminista colombiana Ofelia Uribe de Acosta  publicó el libro Una Voz Insurgente, en el que dio testimonio de la realidad social de Colombia y especialmente de las mujeres, en el periodo comprendido entre los años 1930 y 1963, en particular, en el capítulo dieciocho, la autora expuso sus ideas sobre la educación colombiana y manifestó que esta  no había avanzado desde el siglo XIX debido al manejo que la élite gobernante le daba al país. El espíritu rebelde de Ofelia Uribe quedó condensado a lo largo del libro frente al paterfamilias que, según ella, perdió la calidad moral de rector de la sociedad  y no respondía a los cambios sociales, económicos y políticos que se generaban en todo el territorio nacional.El artículo se desarrolla a través de fuentes primarias, se centra, en la descripción de la vida de Ofelia Uribe de Acosta, su pensamiento crítico frente a la educación colombiana, a luz de los acontecimientos del momento,  y, una reflexión final que recoge fallas de la educación, abordadas por Ofelia Uribe de Acosta, y  que, se relacionan con la educación del siglo XXI. Palabras Clave: Revista Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana, Ofelia Uribe de Acosta, Feminismo, Política, Educación, Colombia, Mujeres.
Carta a las Lectoras y los Lectores
Authors: Velásquez Celina De Jesús Trimiño
Published: November 2016

Revista Historia de la EducaciónLatinoamericana ISSN 0122-7238 - Vol. 17 No. 24, enero - junio 2015 - Tunja - Colombia
Formación de profesores en las Escuelas Normales de México. Siglo XX
Authors: Navarrete-Cazales Zaira
Published: November 2016

En México, la Escuela Normal ha sido la principal institución encargada de la formación de profesores para el nivel escolar básico (preescolar, primaria, secundaria), los enfoques de formación que circulan en esta institución han ido en paralelo con las políticas educativas nacionales, en tanto que el Gobierno Federal, por medio de la Secretaría de Educación Pública, es el “encargado” de dictar las políticas para la formación de los futuros docentes en dichas escuelas, por lo que su estudio (tantode los enfoques como de las políticas) resulta indispensable para comprender el trayecto de las Escuelas Normales durante el siglo XX.El objetivo de este escrito, es presentar un panorama histórico sobre las Escuelas Normales en México y dar cuenta de sus principales momentos: creación, cambios nominales, corrientes teóricasprevalecientes, momentos políticos que la definen inter alia.  Estos elementos permiten ver a grandes rasgos los procesos sociales y educativos que fueron marcando la educación normal. Concluimos que con las Escuelas Normales en México, se inicia la formación de profesores y si bien en 1982, estas Escuelas Normales adquirieron el status de instituciones de educación superior, su destino sigue estando atado a la educación básica: “por el peso de la historia y por el peso de la ley”.Palabras clave: Revista Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana, Escuelas Normales, Formación profesional, profesores, políticas.
Reseñas de Libros y Revistas
Authors: Varios Varios
Published: November 2016

Reseñas de libros y revistas
Origen de las Escuelas Normales en el Departamento de Caldas
Authors: Loaiza Zuluga Yasaldez Eder
Published: November 2016

Este trabajo es resultado de la investigación “Origen de las las Escuelas Normales del Departamento de Caldas” y se desarrollo con base en las siguientes fases del método histórico: Heurísitca, Doxografía, Etiología y Síntesis histórica, con el objetivo de comprender la manera como surgieron estas instituciones las cuales son reconocidas como instituciones dedicadas a la formación inicial de maestros. Se puede plantear que las Escuelas Normales como formadoras de maestros para los primeros niveles de la educación colombiana son entidades desde las cuales es posible comprender, interpretar, caracterizar, describir procesos de investigación científica de orden histórico, en tanto en estas instituciones se han delimitado objetos y problemas de estudio, que tienen origen en la reflexión histórica, teórica, práctica y experiencial de su quehacer para dar cuenta de su papel en el acto educativo, el cual es su campo de acción. Este es un estudio histórico- educativo que se ubica entre 1909, creación de la primer Escuela Normal en Caldas y 1978, año en que se aprueba el Decreto 1419 con el cual cambio la titulación de los egresados de las Escuelas Normales pasando de ser maestros normalista a ser Bachilleres Pedagógicos. Este estudio permite entender la forma centralizada y rígida como han sido establecidas las disposiciones y reformas para las instituciones formadoras de maestros, permite caracterizarlas como instituciones reguladas por una visión  centrada en el sistema, en la cual el Estado ejerce el control sobre los discursos y las prácticas pedagógicas que constituyen la cultura escolar.
Evolución histórica de la escuela rural en Cuba en los siglos XIX y XX
Authors: Viamontes Vilfredo Avalo
Published: November 2016

Resumen          

Desde la perspectiva de la indagación histórica se muestra como caso de estudio, la historia y evolución de la escuela rural en Cuba en los siglos XIX y XX, apoyado en la revisión documental y la entrevista a informantes claves como métodos principales. Entre los resultados que se ofrecen, está la fundamentación de una periodización contentiva de tres etapas a partir de 1816, y se extiende hasta 1999. El estudio pretende sumarse a los esfuerzos ya iniciados en el país por fundamentar el Modelo de Escuela Primaria con sus particularidades en el área rural. El artículo no intenta estructurar respuestas acabadas, sino iniciar un diálogo académico en una dirección que ofrece en los momentos actuales un panorama interesante y abarcador.

 

Palabras clave: Revista Historia de la Educación Latinoamericana, escuela, multigrado, educación rural, periodización, evolución histórica.
Las diferencias en un área de igualdad: relaciones de género en una Escuela Normal Rural (1950-1960)
Authors: Bittencourt Almeida Dóris , Sgarbi Grazziotin Luciane
Published: November 2016

En este estudio, analizamos el tema del internado rural, de las narrativas de los sujetos que experimentaron una experiencia educativa en una institución educativa pública, en el municipio de Osório/RS, que desarrolla un proyecto de formación de maestros rurales. El sujeto y el objeto de esta investigación caen dentro del campo de estudio de la historia de la educación, las relaciones de género basadas en una escuela mixta en mediados del siglo XX, teniendo la memoria mientras el documento y como metodología de la historia Oral. La escuela representada para estos jóvenes la posibilidad de conocer otro mundo, distinto de su cultura familiar, promover la difusión del conocimiento y oportunísima de la alta sociedad. Pluralidad, coeducación y facilidad de uso parecen resumir los recuerdos de esta institución en Osório, como una escuela inusual, una experiencia única en la vida de los estudiantes y profesores han pasado. ¿Qué pasa si se discute es la facilidad de acceso a la formación a los chicos porque habían garantizado la permanencia en la escuela internado docente rural. Es posible que este beneficio explica por qué la profesión de maestro rural era buscada por más chicos que chicas.
La formación de docentes rurales y el desarrollo agrario de la dictadura stronista
Authors: Portillo Ana Gabriela , Elias Rodolfo
Published: November 2016

Entre los años cincuentas y setentas la dictadura de Alfredo Stroessner realiza una expansión sin precedentes de todos los niveles educativos, implementando reformas e innovaciones en el contenido y la infraestructura del sistema educativo paraguayo, con énfasis en la formación docente en el ámbito rural. Estas transformaciones se realizan bajo el atento asesoramiento de organismos de cooperación estadounidenses, que implantan similares líneas políticas en la región como parte de su proyecto geopolítico del momento.

Estas políticas educativas van de la mano con la modernización de la estructura agraria del país. En el Paraguay no hay investigaciones que profundicen las implicancias de esta relación. Sin embargo a través del análisis del discurso de documentos inéditos hallados en la biblioteca del Instituto Superior de Educación, se pueden develar de manera preliminar, las justificaciones ideológicas que legitiman, a través del sistema educativo, la modernización de la estructura agraria. La comprensión del vínculo entre la estructura agraria y las políticas educativas es fundamental para comprender de manera crítica el periodo actual, de transición democrática, cuyas limitaciones devienen del sistema político autoritario instaurado por tantas décadas en país.
Documentos
Authors: Daltro Leolinda
Published: November 2016

Leolinda Daltro
Defining integrated learning: perspectives from alumni of The Christian University in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
Authors: Bunduki Kwany Honore , Higgs Leonie
Published: November 2016

This article examines the various perspectives of alumni from the Christian Bilingual University of the Congo (UCBC) on the topic of integrated learning. In this article, both an understanding and a definition of the concept of integrated learning are achieved by analysing data obtained from the twelve alumni. The tool used was semi-structured interviews. Five themes emerged as part of the definition of the concept. Firstly, integrated learning is a holistic education. Secondly, it is described as a complete education because it deals with all aspects of learners’ lives. Thirdly, integrated learning emphasises theory and practice and, fourthly, it prepares learners to be people of significance in their nation. Fifthly and lastly, it is a learner-centred process focused on building the inner person. These perspectives on integrated learning are judged to be important for Christian universities and higher education practitioners who are all invited to design ways of holistically involving learners in learning. Hierdie artikel ondersoek die verskillende perspektiewe van alumni van die Christian Bilingual University of the Congo (UCBC) oor die onderwerp van geïntegreerde leer. In hierdie artikel word sowel ŉ begrip as ŉ omskrywing van die konsep van geïntegreerde leer bewerkstellig deur data wat van die twaalf alumni verkry is te ontleed. Die metode wat gebruik is, is halfgestruktureerde onderhoude. Vyf temas kan onderskei word as deel van die omskrywing van die konsep. Eerstens is geïntegreerde leer ŉ holistiese opvoeding. Tweedens word dit as ŉ volledige opvoeding beskryf omdat dit oor alle aspekte van leerders se lewens handel. Derdens beklemtoon geïntegreerde leer beide teorie en die praktyk, en vierdens berei dit leerders voor om van betekenis te wees in hul nasie. Vyfdens en laastens is dit ŉ leerdergesentreerde proses wat daarop fokus om die innerlike persoon op te bou. Hierdie perspektiewe oor geïntegreerde leer word as belangrik beskou vir Christen-universiteite en hoëronderwyspraktisyns, wat almal uitgenooi word om met wyses vorendag te kom om leerders holisties by leer te betrek.
The Role of Happiness in the Family Using Combined Disjoint Block Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (CDBFCMS)
Authors:   M.Sc Mathematics, Department of Mathematics, Loyola College, Chennai-34, India, Rozario A. Anthuvan , Devadoss A.Victor ,   Head & Associate Professor, Department of Mathematics, Loyola College, Chennai-34, India, Anand M. Clement Joe ,   Ph.D Research Scholar, Department of Mathematics, Loyola College, Chennai-34, India, Bavia M. Sagaya ,   M.Sc Mathematics, Department of Mathematics, Loyola College, Chennai-34, India
Published: November 2016

In this paper, we study to find out the major causes that are hindering/affecting the happiness in family using Combined Disjoint Block Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (CDBFCM). We find that happiness is strongly correlated with perceived good health. This method is introduced by W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, is analyzed in this paper. The Combined Disjoint Block FCM is defined in this method becomes effective when the number of concepts can be grouped and are in large numbers. This paper has five sections. First section gives the information about development of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps and happiness in the family life. Second Section gives basic notations and definitions of Fuzzy Cognitive maps and Combined Disjoint Block Fuzzy Cognitive Maps. In Section three, we explain method of determining the hidden pattern. In the fourth section, we give the concepts of problem. Final section gives the conclusion based on our study and a brief discussion of implications for further researches close the paper.
Predicting Movie Success Based on IMDB Data
Authors:   Student, Department of CSE, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Mr Nithin VR , Mr Pranav M ,   Student, Department of CSE, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Babu PB Sarath ,   Student, Department of CSE, National Institute of Technology, Calicut
Published: November 2016

American film studios collectively produce several hundred movies every year, making the United States the third most prolific producer of films in the world. The budget of these movies is of the order of hundreds of millions of dollars, making their box office success absolutely essential for the survival of the industry. Knowing which movies are likely to succeed and which are likely to fail before the release could benefit the production houses greatly as it will enable them to focus their advertising campaigns which itself cost millions of dollars, accordingly. And it could also help them to know when it is most appropriate to release a movie by looking at the overall market. So the prediction of movie success is of great importance to the industry. Machine learning algorithms are widely used to make predictions such as growth in the stock market, demand for products, nature of tumors etc. This paper presents a detailed study of Logistic Regression, SVM Regression and Linear Regression on IMDB data to predict movie box office.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SUKROSA PADA PEMBUATAN GAS HIDROGEN DAN METAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI ALKOHOL
Authors: Paryanto Paryanto , Mastuti Endang
Published: November 2016

Abstract: The fast production, easy convertion and environmental friendly of renewable energy sources is very important to be realized immedietly. Converting of biomass waste to renewable energy is an alternative way. Aim of this study was to understand the process of producing combustible gas from liquid waste of ethanol industry. This waste was then fermented anaerobically with no light to produce gas. In this study, we used three variation of liquid waste i.e original waste, and waste with addition of 5% and 10% sucrose. Result of the experiment showed that the longer reaction time will lower the permanganat value of substrat and higher the convertion. The highest value of convertion was obtained from waste with 5% sucrose addition at 51.3 mL/second of liquid volumetric rate for three days operation time.

 Keywords: fermentation, sucrose, liquid waste 