bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Couples' Conceptualizations of Problems in Couple Therapy
Authors: Froude Cameron , Tambling Rachel
Published: March 2021

While a great deal is known about the problems that clients bring to therapy, little is known about the way in which clients conceptualize problems during the course of couple therapy. Understanding clients’ conceptualizations of problems is important because it provides the therapist with a client-centered context on how to approach discussions about the problems during the course of treatment. This manuscript provides the results of an exploratory qualitative inquiry concerning how clients conceptualize problems during therapy and across the trajectory of treatment. The sample consisted of 26 individuals comprising 13 couples attending couple therapy. Participants completed a semi-structured interview prior to the first and after the second, third, and fourth therapy session. Analysis included grounded theory and discourse analysis. Results suggested that couples approach problems from an individualistic standpoint, they internalize problems, and they expect to recover from problems. The authors discuss how therapists may challenge dominant discourses around problems during couple therapy.
Believing is Seeing: Korean Immigrants' Perception of the Former South Korean President Roh
Authors: Kim Hyunjung
Published: March 2021

This study explores how individual characteristics interact with news media choice and people’s perception of mediated news events and public figures focusing on South Korean immigrants’ perception of the former South Korean President Roh. Thirteen South Korean immigrants were interviewed, and the results demonstrate a three-way relationship between (a) interviewees’ political orientation, (b) media choice, and (c) perception of Roh and the newspapers. The interviewees supporting Roh, who read online news on a regular basis but did not read conservative newspapers, recognized the political claim that the oligopoly of the conservative newspapers has influenced public opinion on Roh, while the readers of the conservative newspapers, who do not read on-line news, did not acknowledge the claim. Individuals’ opinions on Roh and the newspapers were not directed by media framing, but interviewees selectively chose what they read and accept.
Increasing Climate Data and Ambition in Indonesia through Enhanced Transparency and Incentive Schemes
Authors: Mahardika Dedy , Robyn Barakalla , Wijaya Arief , Dagnet Yamide , Cogswell Nathan , Supryanto Eko , Mendoza Jemima Marie , Mohanty Priyanka
Published: March 2021

This paper considers the concept of a “data loop” —a relationship between the government and the private sector that focuses on strengthening collaborative efforts to enhance climate ambition through data sharing—in the Indonesian context. In the data loop, the private sector shares climate and GHG emissions data with the government, and the government facilitates mandatory reporting systems to properly collect this data and incentivize voluntary reporting, further encouraging more robust data sharing. A data loop could generate the impetus for the private sector to provide the data required, and the government could, in turn, provide greater clarity through more robust assessments of efforts and projections, which would be supported by strengthened domestic and international measurement, tracking, reporting, regulation, and verification systems. The concept of the data loop builds upon previous research suggesting that a similar relationship could lead to enhanced climate action: an ambition loop. An ambition loop is a virtuous feedback loop in which bold policy action is supported by bold company leadership, resulting in the acceleration of further business action, faster progress to meet national targets, and the seizure of larger market opportunities. The government pushes companies by establishing bold targets and strong policies, and companies push the government by showing commercial demand and economic possibilities (Metzger et al. 2018).
Soundscapes, Sonic Cultures, and American Studies
Authors: Balestrini Nassim , Rieser Klaus , Fackler Katharina
Published: March 2021

What happens when we imagine the sonic worlds of literary texts, when we focus on voice in film, or when we study the sound of social protest? How can we integrate sound studies into our academic practices? How does sound relate to space and place? How can American studies scholars understand the link between sonic and social relations? Music, voices, noise, and silence are constitutive elements of phenomena that we as American studies scholars regularly investigate. However, in contrast to the well-established prominence of visual culture studies, sound features less prominently in our field's research—an oversight (pardon the pun!) this issue of JAAAS seeks to remedy.
Voice, Silence, and Quiet Resistance in Percival Everett's Glyph
Authors: Aghoro Nathalie
Published: March 2021

This article investigates how the refusal to speak becomes a resonant expression of protest in Percival Everett's novel Glyph (1999). It offers a reading of Everett's experimental work as generating a literary soundscape of the quiet voice to reflect on the functions of sonic absence in the politics and aesthetics of resistance. With Kevin Quashie's work The Sovereignty of Quiet (2012) and Fred Moten's writings on the significance of sound in black radical aesthetics as conceptual bridges, it seeks to establish that Glyph explores the boundaries and possibilities of black self-determination in the American socio-political context as it pitches the acoustics of silence and voice against the mute textuality of the book. Along these lines, the explicit refusal of a voice to speak in Glyph simultaneously reveals and complicates the dynamics of racialization in literary imaginations and reading practices.
Sonic Others in Early Sound Studies and the Poetry of Edward Sapir
Authors: Reichel Elisabeth A.
Published: March 2021

Characteristically, early research in soundscapes is suffused with a sense of sonophilia; that is, a fascination with auditory perception and sound as the inferiorized Other of sight. Soundscape scholars have thus often conceived of their work as a salvage operation, which is conducted to save what would otherwise be irretrievably lost to a visual regime. This moral impetus to redeem the "sonic Other" is at the center of this article, in which I investigate how notions of sonic alterity interweave with treatments of social and cultural alterity. To explore and interrogate the nexus of social, cultural, and sonic alterity for its political and ethical ramifications, I analyze the acoustics of the poetry of Edward Sapir. Sapir played a key role in the formation of cultural anthropology and the early development of linguistic anthropology. What is far less known is that he is also the author of over six hundred poems, some of which were published in such renowned magazines as Poetry and The Dial. Focusing on the poems "To a Street Violinist" and "Harvest," I probe the dynamics of an anthropo-literary project that sets out to salvage both non-visual sense perceptions and other-than-modern, Western ways of life.
Impact of Ownership Structure on Earnings Management: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Rafique Amir , Hanif Akhtar Mouhammad , Umer Quddoos Muhammad , Khan Jadoon Sher Dil
Published: March 2021

The aim of the current study is to examine the impact of ownership structure on earnings management by using three aspects of ownership i.e. managerial, institutional and foreign. The sample consists of non-financial firms included in KSE-100 index of Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). The modified Jones model is used to calculate earnings management and random effect model regression is applied to test the impact of ownership structure on earnings management. The findings reveal that firms with high managerial and foreign ownership, engage more in earnings management. However, analysis reveal insignificant relationship between institutional ownership and earnings management.
Causes of Democratization Failure in Pakistan: An Analysis
Authors: Adil Muhammad , Umar Muhammad
Published: March 2021

This study analyzes the causes of democratization failure in Pakistan. The data collected by questionnaire. The study's main objective is to investigate the problems closely concerned with the collapse of democracy and the prevalence in the country of democratic norms. The study finds that the Overall Quality of Democracy, Independence of Media, Belief in Political Parties, Presentation of an Independence Cabinet causes failure of Democracy in Pakistan. According to this, the State, supporting parties, civil society, and youth must perform their positive role in engaging in a recreation of democracy to generate liberty for institutional democratization in Pakistan confidently.
Recruitment Create Passage towards Brand Citizenship Behavior: A Conceptual Analysis
Authors: Rehman Asad Ur , Tufail Muhammad Sajid , Ullah Muhammad Imdad , Altaf Mohsin
Published: March 2021

The Brand citizenship behavior (BCB) is relatively a new aspect in marketing literature. Researchers have given a label of BCB to the discretionary behavior that employees’ exhibit for the successful delivery of brand promise. In internal branding, the role of an employee is recognized as critical in delivering the service as promised by the brand. As practitioners and academicians argue that, an employee’s brand-aligned behavior that goes above and beyond the job responsibility can be an asset for the company. So far skills competencies of employees are difficult for competitors to imitate. Drawing on employees brand-aligned behavior to build the strong organizational brand(s) this study conceptualized that, the successful implementation of internal branding doctrine could be strengthened by brand-centered recruitment practice. This study found that fair recruitment process in an organization can build an employees’ deeper understanding of the brand and the role they play would enhanced the brand citizenship behavior.
How do Globalization, Technological Change and Employment Impact Economic Growth in Developing Countries? Evidence from Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Saleem Fatima , Farooq Fatima , Chaudhry Imran Sharif , Safdar Noreen
Published: March 2021

This study aims at exploring the impact of globalization, technology and employment on economic growth of developing economies. This study also observed the long-run, short-run and causality relationships between globalization, technological innovations, employment, and economic growth for 20 selected developing countries covering the data for period of 1991 to 2017.  Since stationary of variables is examined through ADF tests, Levin-Lin-Chu test, and IM-Pesaran-Shin test and resulted with mixed order of integration, Panel ARDL estimation techniques are employed to measure the long run effects of these variables on growth of selected economies. Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel Granger Causality test was applied for causality analysis. All variables have strong positive and significant relationship with growth. This study concluded that knowledge and research-based education have a key role in promoting long-run growth as evident from the ‘New growth theory’ of Romer. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that knowledge and research-based education should be promoted and export-oriented policies should also be encouraged to attain benefits of trade openness and globalization for accelerating economic growth on sustainable basis.
Trade Liberalization, Foreign Direct Investment Inflows, Environmental Quality and Economic Growth Nexus: A Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and China
Authors: Alvi Sumaira , Chaudhry Imran Sharif , Farooq Fatima , Safdar Noreen
Published: March 2021

The present research endeavors to evaluate whether trade liberalization, foreign direct investment inflows and environmental quality affect the economic growth in Pakistan and China. These have crucial role in the economies and pragmatic for formulating economic growth policies. The secondary data is used for all the variables. The ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration is applied to evaluate the determinants included in the model for both countries. The results of the research conclude that trade liberalization and foreign direct investment both have positive impact on economic growth while environmental pollution has negative impact on economic growth in long-run.
A Comparative Study on the Behavior of Islamic and Conventional Stocks in the Presence of Oil Price, Gold Price, and Financial Risk Factors: Evidence from Dow Jones Indices
Authors: Godil Danish Iqbal , Sarwat Salman , Quddoos Muhammad Umer , Hanif Akhtar Muhammad
Published: March 2021

The research aims to analyze the influence of the gold price, oil price and financial risk on Islamic and conventional securities on comparative as well as on individual bases. Monthly prices of oil and gold are extracted from the websites of West Texas Intermediate and World Gold Council, whereas time series data for financial risk is derived from the Volatility Index of S&P 500.  All these variables are found to be cointegrated at the first difference with both the Dow Jones indices, which means that gold, oil and financial risk have long term association with Islamic and conventional stocks. In order to find the direction and magnitude, this study applied the Newey-West HAC test, which also handles autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity issues in the time series data. The findings of the study suggest that gold prices are positively associated whereas oil prices and financial risk are negatively associated with both types of securities. Though the direction of the nexus is similar for Islamic and conventional stocks, but the magnitude differs especially in case of oil and financial risk. Nevertheless, it can be concluded that there is no diversification prospect between conventional and Islamic stocks under the influence of oil prices, financial risk, and gold prices.
What are the Crisis and Issues of Governance in Pakistan? An Analysis
Authors: Hafeez Malik M. , Ahmed Rais Nouman , Khan Muhammad Danyal , Safdar Muhammad Asif
Published: March 2021

Governance is quite distinguishable from the government that deals with executive, its mode of appointment or election, state institutions and their functioning powers that are documented in constitution and laws there under while governance deals with policy, decision-making and government's effectiveness. Government has constitutional and legal duties and limitations in dealing with civil society, media, press and private sector. Government owes responsibility of the development of undeveloped areas and facilitates the residents to have equal opportunity, rule of law, standardized education and health services, employment opportunities, maintain security, law and order of the country. Whereas, governance deals with principles of solutions to the problems of the public and private sector. Good governance ensures socio-economic stability, rule of law, meritocracy and welfare of citizens through social services and developments.  Both government and governance work together to deal with political and administrative structures as well as establishment of cooperative network and connection between the different sectors of the state to resolve the shared public disorders, complications and problems however, good governance is the prerequisite for administrative, political, socio-economies solutions and human development. This paper will explore the elements of good governance and identify the issues of governance in Pakistan with conclusion of proposed solutions.
Developing a Scale for Measuring Non-Financial Service Performance of Islamic Banks in Pakistan
Authors: Ikram Umara , Ali Raza
Published: March 2021

The intention of this research is to develop a measure by which non-financial service performance of Islamic banks can be analyzed. Research methodology comprises of qualitative and quantitative phase. Simple random sampling has been applied to select Islamic banks branches from Multan. In qualitative phase through purposive sampling 10 in depth interviewees were conducted from managerial employees with the help of interviewee guide and scale items were generated to explore non-financial service performance elements. A questionnaire was developed and self-administered questionnaire based survey was performed in quantitative phase. Out of 150 distributed questionnaire 111 complete responses were received and analyzed by applying exploratory and conformity factor analysis with the help of software Smart-PLS. Findings of the study suggests that key performance indicators of Islamic banks are non-financial in nature .Scale contained 40 items. Total 6 factors with Eigenvalues > 1 containing 40 items with factor loading >.7 were extracted and total variance explained was 80%. Variance explained by each factor is as follows 1.Marketin and Sharia board performance, (15items 29.9%)2 Training(7items12.78%), 3.Corporate social responsibility(5items 11.43%) 4.Operational performance(5 items 9.6% VA), 5.Management commitment(4 items and 9.0% VA)and 6.Employee commitment (4 items and 7.16% VA). This research in the form of the scale provides a detail, reliable measure by which non-financial performance of Islamic banking can be comparatively analyzed at bank and branch level. Future corners of improvements can be identified which will result in increasing customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction and service quality improvements.
The Perils of Jirga and the Miserable Plight of Women
Authors: Bibi Hamida , Khan Surat
Published: March 2021

This study was conducted to critique and asses the institution of Jirga and its practice of Swara. The data was collected through vis-à-vis semi-structured interviews from the Jirgees and Swaras, the two most proximate stakeholders of the institution of Jirga. For the analysis of data, the tool of Thematic Analysis, developed by Braun and Clarke (2015), was used. The findings of the study show that Jirga — besides being unconstitutional — is involved in multifarious inhumane practices and its members are mostly uneducated. Its decisions are completely void of the canon international law and human rights. Jirga is involved in the felonious practice of Swara. Swaras — women atoned by Jirga in reprisal for an offence — are living wretched lives facing multifarious forms of violence, discrimination, humiliation and other forms of inhumane behaviors. Besides, they are suffering from depression, inferiority complexes, suicidal attempts, malnutrition, verbal abuse, etc. The findings also imply that illiteracy, passivity and condonement of the judiciary and law enforcing agencies, and the higher rate of crimes in the area are the factors contributing to the practice of Swara. In the light of the findings, the researcher recommends that the practice of reprisal reiterated by Jirga should be completely extirpated. Education should be disseminated and the government and law enforcing agencies should work in proximity to mitigate the rate of crimes in the area. The government should frame inclusive economic policies in order to promote peace and prosperity in the area.
Demographic Factors and Herding Behaviour of Investors: Moderating Role of Islamic Religiosity
Authors: Sabir Saeed Ahmad , Javed Tasawar , Hameed Waseem Ul , Yousaf Hummaira Qudsia
Published: March 2021

Investors indulge in biases while making investment decision because investment decision making in stock market is a difficult process. One of the factors that affect risk taking behaviour of individual investors is Demographic factor. However, little work has been done to investigate the effect of demographic factors on herding behaviour of individual investors of Pakistan stock exchange. Therefore, the ultimate aim of this study is to highlight the role of the effect of demographic factors on herding behavior of investors with moderating role of Islamic religiosity. Quantitative research method was employed and data collected was collected from 166 individual investors by using survey questionnaires. Convenience sampling method was used to collect the data. Partial Least Squares analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. The findings of this study directed that Islamic religiosity moderate the relationship of demographic factors with herding behaviour. This study is contributed a new empirical insights on behaviour of Pakistan stock market’s investors, therefore the results of this study have implications for policy makers of Pakistan stock exchange (PSX) while they making the strategies related to investment.
Empirical Evidence on Concept of Knowledge Perspective in Construction Firms in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Wasim Jan , Khan Abdullah , Ahmed Zujaj , Sulaiman Gohar
Published: March 2021

Development and growth demand proper infrastructure, roads and sustainability of management practices with the organization. In order to negate any errors that come our way, Knowledge-based perspective helps in the long run. It states that gathering information, its efficient distribution and ability to market that information in order to gain competitive advantage and gain customers as a monetary advantage is one of the main perks of being in the 21st century. Constantly removing mistakes/errors from construction practices by acquiring information through a lot of means, via internet in case of customers or feedback or most off all-knowing competitors, their advantages, discrepancies, managing your disadvantages and enabling your team to go above and beyond into negating it, so that firm could raise their competitive advantage. This visionary attitude is what keeps companies sustainable and being competitive in almost all aspects with competitors. Innovation grows; new and improved products are produced as a result. To establish the proof for the idea, in this research a total of 100 companies are taken as a sample from KPK region of Pakistan.
Measuring Impact of Positive Youth Development Initiatives on Youth in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Aliya , Hassan Syeda Mahnaz , Aashiq Uzma , Hassan Syed Salman
Published: March 2021

This paper examined the impact of positive youth development initiatives on youth in Lahore, Pakistan through the provision of youth services. Youth is considered as one of the most important segments of the population in a country as it has to take over future roles and responsibilities. Currently, Pakistan is one of those countries which has the highest percentage of youth in its population. A survey of the literature showed that due to multiple socio-economic factors, the potential of youth has not been adequately utilized for the development of the country. One of the effective strategies being practised at the global level is an engagement of youth in the mainstream course of development. Using the quantitative method, 357 respondents were studied through a survey questionnaire. The respondents were students studying in 6 Catholic schools in Lahore where youth service projects have been implemented by Youth Engagement Service (YES) Network Pakistan. The findings revealed that the provision of youth services put a positive impact on the personality of beneficiary adolescents. After the provision of youth services, the majority of beneficiary youth was more caring towards other fellows, feeling more worthwhile within themselves and proved to be more useful for family and community at large. Furthermore, engagement of youth in civic activities turned an adolescent into a productive and outcome-oriented citizen. The study concluded that through positive youth development approach, youth can prove itself as a changemaker asset whose potentialities can contribute immensely to the socio-economic development of the country.
Silencing of the Neo-Subaltern Voice: Historiography of the ‘Oppressed’
Authors: Danish Malik Haqnawaz , Khan Muhammad Ajmal , Akhtar Saira , Yasmeen Samina
Published: March 2021

In conjunction with the modern ideas of neocolonialism and neo-imperialism, the present world is witnessing the occurrence of a relatively new and persistent state of neo-subalternity under which the men and women of the third-world countries and their diasporic communities are forced to live a life under socio-political duress. The present study concerns with the development of this state of affairs and has sought to locate the theoretical explanation of this phenomenon. It has been found that the neo-subaltern identifier can most aptly be attributed to the women of these effected postcolonial communities at home or scattered around the globe. They are subjected to the conditions of foreign coloniality as well as local patriarchal hierarchy. Most recent examples of this bias are witnessed among the diasporic communities in the western cosmopolitans where the post 9/11nationalist sensibility, in reaction to an alleged religious terrorism, has given rise to a set of prejudiced policies and compulsive social behaviors that are against these subalterns’ rightful interests. Among these diaspora communities, the Muslim women’s symbols of modesty are especially portrayed with prejudice and a malevolent preconception. Under neocolonial and patriarchal control, these sunaltern women live as ‘slaves of the slaves’ in the Marxist sense of the word. The present study has sought to locate these paradigms of power at the subaltern theoretical level.
Failure of authentic leadership of SMEs in Pakistan
Authors: Khan Azhar , Khan Shakeel , Ahmad Mubashir
Published: March 2021

The intent of the study is to assess authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behavior with structural empowerment in SME sector of Pakistan. The study is deductive and obtained data from Managerial level 262 employees of SME sector via questionnaire to assess relationship. There is indirect association among teamwork environment; information sharing, emotional empowerment. The participative leadership is taking consideration. And performance functions are less focused rationally in SME sector. Pakistani SME sector workers are less motivated and less psychological developed leading to less worker engagement in promoting citizenship behavior. In SME sector of Punjab there is need to develop adaptive and supportive working environment to engage the worker via hierarchical environment by providing assistance to workers. The study is addressing rarely investigated scope of Pakistani SME sector.
Towards Sustainable Base of Pyramid Market: Role of ICTs in Shared Innovation
Authors: Ilyas Muhammad , Siddiqui Sulaman Hafeez , Rasheed Rabia
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this paper is to make a systematic review of the literature on role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in sustainability of the Base of the Pyramid (BOP) markets by studying the impact of ICT on innovation development at BOP. BOP markets are those segments of the global markets that have an income of about two to four dollars or less and are untapped fortunes for the business (Prahalad, 2002). BOP is fraught with dearth of infrastructure and resources which makes it hard for business firms to work out viable and sustainable strategies as the separations between the producers and end users are much wider in these markets compared with developed markets. Use of ICT helps reduce these separations by developing shared innovations with the people at BOP. Systematic literature review approach has been adopted to analyze the peer-reviewed journals for the period 2000 to 2019 using Google Scholar and Science Direct. BOP, ICT and Shared Innovations were the key words used in this search. Our findings suggest that ICT has significant role in development of shared innovations at the BOP markets as it bridges the physical market separation with its internet and web-based networks. This research has implications for busines managers, as it will guide them in making viable and sustainable strategies to run their businesses in these huge un-tapped markets.
Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea y su influencia en la condición física en niños de 3 a 6 años (Adherence to the mediterranean diet and how it can influence in the physical fitness of 3 to 6-year-old children)
Authors: Díaz-Quesada Gema , Muñoz-Galiano Inés , Torres-Luque Gema
Published: March 2021

Introducción: La primera etapa escolar podría servir para enseñar hábitos saludables a nivel de alimentación y actividad física (AF). Objetivo: Determinar las diferencias en condición física (CF) en función del grado de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (DM). Metodología: Se seleccionaron 97 escolares de entre 3 y 6 años, a los que se les evaluó la CF, a través de la batería de FITness en PREescolares (PREFIT); y se determinó su nivel de adherencia a la DM por medio del cuestionario KIDMED. Resultados: Los sujetos mostraron valores de media y alta adherencia a la DM, no existiendo casos de baja adherencia. Existen pocas diferencias, aunque el grupo de media adherencia tiene mejores valores en salto de longitud, equilibrio y velocidad. Conclusión: En el primer periodo infantil aún se observan pocas diferencias entre los sujetos con media y alta adherencia a la DM. Es necesario seguir profundizando en la influencia de factores relacionados con la salud, en poblaciones infantiles para poder proponer en el futuro propuestas de mejora. 
Abstract. Background: The first stage of school could serve to teach healthy habits at the level of food and physical activity. Objective: To determine the differences in physical fitness based on the degree of adherence to the mediterranean diet. Methods: 97 schoolchildren between 3 and 6 years old were selected to whom the physical fitness was evaluated throught the FITness battery in PREschool (PREFIT); and their leve lof adherence to the mediterranean diet was determined by means of the KIDMED questionnaire. Results: The subjects cases mean values ​​and high adherence to DM, there are no cases of low adherence. There are few differences, although the group of adhesion means has better values ​​in long jump, balance and speed. Conclusion: In the first infant period there are still few differences between subjects with medium and high adherence to DM. It is necessary to continue to deepen the influence of health-related factors in children's populations in order to propose proposals for improvement in the future.
Metáforas evaluativas del alumnado universitario de Educación Física. Necesidad de un cambio radical (Evaluative metaphors of the university students of Physical Education. Need for a radical change)
Authors: Calatayud Salom Mariam
Published: March 2021

La finalidad de este artículo es analizar las metáforas que mejor han radiografiado la evaluación que los estudiantes universitarios de Educación Física han vivido a lo largo de su escolaridad. Para ello, se ha contado con una muestra de 275 estudiantes universitarios de Educación Física de varias universidades públicas de la Comunidad Valenciana. Los resultados señalan, desde la mirada de los estudiantes, que la evaluación vivida dista mucho del paradigma educativo centrado en la evaluación formativa y en la retroalimentación. Constatar esta realidad es necesario para darse cuenta de que ésta ha de cambiar si queremos realizar prácticas evaluativas de excelencia que estimulen la generación del aprender a aprender y del uso de la evaluación como fuente y al servicio del aprendizaje. Todo ello nos lleva a señalar que los docentes universitarios tenemos el reto de formar a futuros profesores de Educación Física, más críticos y reflexivos y que, especialmente, sean promotores del cambio y la innovación evaluativa en las aulas cuando ejerzan como profesionales de la educación. Por tanto, este articulo ofrece la oportunidad de cambiar la cultura evaluativa imperante aún, hoy, en los centros educativos a través de los argumentos y propuestas que se proponen.
Abstract. The purpose of this article is to analyze the metaphors that have best radiographed the evaluation that university students of Physical Education have experienced throughout their schooling. To this end, a sample of 275 Physical Education university students from various public universities in the Valencian Community has been counted on. The results indicate, from the point of view of the students, that the lived evaluation is far from the educational paradigm focused on formative evaluation and feedback. Verifying this reality is necessary to realize that it has to change if we want to carry out excellent evaluation practices that stimulate the generation of learning to learn and the use of evaluation as a source and at the service of learning. All this leads us to point out that university teachers have the challenge of training future Physical Education teachers, who are more critical and reflective and who, especially, are promoters of change and evaluative innovation in the classroom when they work as education professionals. Therefore, this article offers the opportunity to change the evaluative culture that still prevails today in educational centers through the arguments and proposals that are proposed.
Análise comparativa de Pilates e treinamento resistido na aptidão física de idosas
Authors: Pucci Gabrielle Cristine Moura Fernandes , Neves Eduardo Borba , Santana Frederico Santos , Neves Dhianey De Almeida , Saavedra Francisco José Félix
Published: March 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de dois programas de exercício físico (treinamento resistido e Pilates) na aptidão física de idosas. Participaram do estudo mulheres idosas que não praticavam nenhum tipo de exercício físico regular. Elas foram aleatoriamente divididas em três grupos: 1-grupo Pilates (GP), 2-grupo treinamento resistido (GTR) e 3-grupo de atividades lúdicas e cognitivas (GLC). A intervenção durou 24 semanas, cada grupo praticou a sua respectiva atividade duas vezes por semana, 50-60 min cada sessão. A avaliação da aptidão física foi realizada pela bateria Senior Fitness Test. As idosas foram avaliadas antes, durante e após a intervenção. Houve evolução significativa na variável flexão do antebraço para o GP e GTR, nos momentos 24 semanas e PRÉ. No grupo GTR houve melhora significativa no teste handgrip entre os momentos 24 semanas 12 semanas. Concluímos que houve melhora na pontuação de todos os testes de APF para o GP e GTR, no entanto, somente as variáveis de força apresentaram diferença significativa.
Retrograde extrapolation of VO2max from recovery values recorded breath by breath (Extrapolación retrógrada del VO2max a partir de valores de recuperación recogidos respiración a respiración)
Authors: Naranjo Orellana Jose , Muela Galán Sergio
Published: March 2021

The aim of this study was to assess the validity of VO2max prediction using retrograde extrapolation in a breath-by-breath (BxB) gas measurement system. A retrospective study was performed, analysing 31 incremental and maximal stress tests carried out in our laboratory, corresponding to male subjects who practised different sporting activities (age: 29.9 ± 14.45 years; height: 174.4 ± 6.5 cm; weight: 71.4 ± 7.2 kg). A linear regression of the first minute of recovery was used to obtain extrapolated VO2max data and, subsequently, a correction equation was applied that provided predicted VO2max values. Given the variability of data in BxB measurement systems, extrapolated values can be expected to vary significantly from those actually measured, but differences disappeared in the predicted values, which were almost identical to those measured. This method enables stress tests to be performed without having to record gas measurements until the end. It could be useful for the validation of specific field tests, measuring VO2 trackside after the test, during recovery.
Resumen. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la validez de la predicción del VO2máx mediante la extrapolación retrógrada en un sistema de medición de gases respiración a respiración (BxB). Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, analizando 31 pruebas de esfuerzo incrementales y máximas realizadas en nuestro laboratorio, correspondientes a sujetos masculinos que practicaban diferentes actividades deportivas (edad: 29,9 ± 14,45 años; talla: 174,4 ± 6,5 cm; peso: 71,4 ± 7,2 kg). Se utilizó una regresión lineal del primer minuto de recuperación para obtener datos de VO2max extrapolados y, posteriormente, se aplicó una ecuación de corrección que proporcionó valores de VO2max predichos. Dada la variabilidad de los datos en los sistemas de medición BxB, se puede esperar que los valores extrapolados varíen significativamente de los realmente medidos, pero las diferencias desaparecieron en los valores predichos, que eran casi idénticos a los medidos. Este método permite realizar pruebas de esfuerzo sin tener que registrar mediciones de gas hasta el final. Podría ser útil para la validación de pruebas de campo específicas, midiendo el VO2 a pie de campo después de la prueba, durante la recuperación.
Pedagogía y Didáctica de la Corporeidad. Una mirada desde la praxis (Pedagogy and Didactics of Corporeality. A look from praxis)
Authors: Bernate Jayson
Published: March 2021

Pedagogía y Didáctica de la Corporeidad. Una mirada desde la praxis
Pedagogy and Didactics of Corporeality. A look from praxis
Los desafíos actuales que enfrenta el sector educativo con respecto a las expectativas y retos que demanda la sociedad en el siglo XXI, requieren de una formación de docentes comprometidos con un cambio social en su práctica pedagógica, maestros que transformen su quehacer con propuestas innovadoras en sus didácticas, con un carácter emprendedor, creativos, críticos, competentes en esta cultural digital que nos avasalla día a día, con liderazgo social, con un grado óptimo de bienestar emocional y, en este sentido, se requiere un cambio significativo en el rol del docente, basado en aprendizajes colaborativos que permitan al estudiante construir su propio conocimiento desde una estrecha relación entre familia, escuela y comunidad, ya que la educación es responsabilidad de toda la sociedad y no meramente de los entes institucionales, escuela o universidad. Con esta sistematización reflexiva del ejercicio docente se pretende socializar el aporte significativo de la corporeidad en la pedagogía moderna y como esta aporta en el ejercicio docente pràxico y didáctico, transformando la sociedad mecanicista postmodernista sumergida en los ámbitos tecnológicos alejándose del concepto de cuerpo y su articulación en los procesos de expansión del conocimiento.
Abstract. The current challenges facing the educational sector with respect to the expectations and challenges that society demands in the 21st century require the training of teachers committed to social change in their pedagogical practice, teachers who transform their work with innovative proposals in their didactic, with an entrepreneurial character, creative, critical, competent in this digital culture that overwhelms us day by day, with social leadership, with an optimal degree of emotional well-being and, in this sense, a significant change in the role of the teacher is required , based on collaborative learning that allows the student to build their own knowledge from a close relationship between family, school and community, since education is the responsibility of the whole of society and not merely of institutional entities, school or university. With this reflexive systematization of teaching practice, the aim is to socialize the significant contribution of corporeity in modern pedagogy and how it contributes in practical and didactic teaching practice, transforming the postmodernist mechanistic society immersed in technological fields, moving away from the concept of body and its articulation in the processes of expansion of knowledge.
Tendencias actuales de neuroliderazgo.
Authors:   Universidad SantoTomás, Suárez Alarcón Rocío , Pinzón Acosta Flor Alba ,   Universidad Santo Tomás, Rojas de Armas Yanlys ,   Universidad Internacional de la Rioja
Published: March 2021

A partir de la recreación neuronal por electroencefalografía se establecieron los estilos de liderazgo emocional, estratégico y cognitivo de los estudiantes de administración de la Vicerrectoría de la Universidad Abierta y Distancia, esto con el fin de perfilar modos de gestión del talento humano más particulares y eficaces, utilizando las herramientas de observación cerebral, para la construcción de evaluadores neurológicos que permitieron identificar los diversos aspectos conductuales, reconociendo la variación de dichos elementos, utilizando la teoría de los juegos y las alteraciones de los esquemas neuronales de cada uno de los modelos de liderazgo. El propósito fundamental de la investigación, fue plantear el diseño de un escenario de toma decisiones, para el reclutamiento y selección de líderes empresariales con perspectiva humana y un archivo de observación neurológica por electroencefalografía.
Evaluation of quality of banana soils through microbial activity in the south the lake of Maracaibo, Zulia state, Venezuela
Authors: González García Hebandreyna , González Pedraza Ana F. , Atencio Jhoen , Soto Anibal
Published: March 2021

The microbial activity can serve as an indicator of the general state of the soil, since it is the reflection of optimal physical and chemical conditions for the development of the metabolic processes of microorganisms that act on the soil, which is why it constitutes an indicator of the dynamics and resource health. With the objective to evaluate the soil quality through microbial activity in banana plantations at the south of Lake Maracaibo, a study was carried out in different production units located in the municipality of Colón of the Zulia state. Lots of banana plants of high and low vigor (AV and BV), for this purpose composite samples the soil at 0-20 cm depth were taken. It was determined: microbial carbon, soil basal respiration, and microbial and metabolic quotient. The results showed that vigor parameters: number of hands per bunch; pseudostem circumference and height of the succession child were significantly higher in VA than in BV, while for microbial carbon, basal soil respiration, and microbial and metabolic ratios, no statistically significant differences were found between vigor lots. The high microbial activity was closely related to the soil texture and, in turn, this positively influenced the biometric parameters of the plants.
Characterization of CRISPR genetic sequences in microorganisms associated with infections in shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Parra Ángel , Lossada Carla , Pérez Aleivi , Navarrete Johnny , González Lenin
Published: March 2021

In shrimp farming, the family of proteobacteria Vibrionaceae, especially the species of the genus Vibrio, represent one of the main responsible for infections in shrimp production (Litopenaeus vannamei), generating great losses to this industry. Phagotherapy emerges as a novel alternative for the control of said infections in substitution to the use of antibiotics, thanks to the specific inhibitory activity of these viruses. However, it is necessary to take into account the presence in prokaryotes of genetic sequences called clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) that act as an immune system against invasion of external mobile genetic elements such as phage or plasmids. Due to its characteristics, the CRISPR/Cas system is used as a tool for gene editing. This study presents the comparative analysis of 7 CRISPR loci found in 5 sequences of complete genomes, available in the database of NCBI/GenBank, to determine the potential use of the phage strategy in shrimp farming. The CRISPR systems corresponded to types I-E, I-F and III-D. 53 % of the spacers (75/142) presented homology with plasmids, while the remaining 47 % (67/142) showed homology with bacteriophages, mostly non-typical Vibrio infective viruses. The use of phage therapy is proposed as a treatment for infections caused by members of the family Vibrionaceae in shrimp cultures, due to the low occurrence of CRISPR systems in the species studied and the low immunity to their phages, thus ensuring greater sensitivity.
Incidence of the shading, bioregulators and biostimulant on the growth and yield of Mombaza grass (Panicum maximum Jacq.)
Authors: Jácome-Gómez Leonardo , Ramírez-Villalobos Maribel
Published: March 2021

Shading (S), bioregulators (BR) and biostimulants (BS) techniques are alternatives that promote sprouting and production of grass. The objective was to evaluate the effect of S, BR and BSt on the growth and yield of Mombaza grass in Ecuador. A complete randomized block design, with split plot arrangement and three replications, was used, the main plot represented by condition S (S1: full solar exposure, S2: shade of trees) and secondary one by BR and BS application (A0: control; A1: minimum doses of BR, 250 mL.ha-1 Cytokin + 10 g.ha-1 New Gibb 10 %; A2: maximum doses of BR, 500 mL.ha-1 Cytokin + 20 g.ha-1 New Gibb 10 %; A3: commercial dose of BS Algamar, seaweed, 750 g.ha-1). Three cuts of grass were made, 35 days after staring experiment; in each one, tiller height (TH), number of tillersm-2 (NTM) and stemstiller-1 (NST), and dry matter yield (DMY) were evaluated. It is found effects (P<0.05) of S on the four variables in each cut; and application of BR and BS on TH in cuts 1, period of least precipitation. It is concluded that the grass cultivated in S1 increased the growth and DMY in cuts 1, 2 and 3 (0.180, 0.300 y 0.398 kg.m-2). NTM was stimulated with S2 and TH with the minimum dose of BR.
Use of mango seed almonds to obtain pastry oil
Authors: Sanz Eileen Sanz , Dix Diana , Robayo Aycardo , Bernal Oscar , Carrillo Jorge
Published: March 2021

The Mango residues, the result of fruit processing processes, are normally not processed because they have no industrial value for the production of juices, jams, among other derivatives; contributing to environmental problems when they are not adequately disposed of. For this reason, this research was raised; the objective of which was to take advantage of the seeds residues of the Tommy Atkins variety mango (Mangífera indica L.), for the production of useful oils in the production of pastry products. To carry out the oil extraction, a Soxhlet extractor with hexane of 99 % purity at a boiling point between 68-75 ° C was used. Among the results obtained, it was found that the oil has stearic fatty acid (40.4 ± 0.01 g.100 g-1) in a higher proportion, followed by oleic (33.6 ± 0.02 g.100 g-1), palmitic (12,0 ± 0.01 g.100 g-1), linoleic (8.1 ± 0.2 g.100 g-1), linolenic (1.6 ± 0.02 g.100 g-1) and finally arachidic acid (3.0 ± 0.04 g.100 g-1). From the oil obtained, traditional formulations for pastry products such as chocolate truffles, Genovese, ganache and quick chocolate biscuit were made, replacing 100 % of commercial sunflower oil. Subsequently, the acceptance of the products was tested, through a sensory evaluation, applied to 50 untrained panelists, who compared the products made with commercial oil versus those made with mango almond oil; the most widely accepted being the use of the latter in ganache (60 %) and chocolate truffles (64 %).