bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of luteolin and ferulic acid from Plumbago auriculata cultivated in Iraq
Authors: Massara Nazar Ahmed  , Khamees Amjed Haseeb
Published: February 2025

Plumbago auriculata is a perennial plant belong to Plumbaginaceae family. It is an endemic genus of 18 species in South Africa. All plant parts have many phytochemical compounds appearing several pharmacological activities. The study was aimed to isolate and identify of the bioactive phenolic compounds (luteolin and ferulic acid) from Plumbago auriculata cultivated in Iraq by various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The plant materials were defatted with n-hexane solvent by maceration for 48hr, and extracted by soxhlet apparatus using 85% methanol solvent, then fractionated with the solvents of petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify luteolin and ferulic acid in the fraction of ethyl acetate. The identified compounds were isolated using analytical HPLC, then characterized and identified the isolated compounds using various detecting techniques including , HPLC by comparing with their standards and spiking, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in addition to the liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results of spectroscopic techniques confirmed the existence of luteolin and ferulic acid in the fraction of ethyl acetate, as it concluded that the data for the isolated compounds were coincided with that reported for the compounds in literatures. These isolated polyphenolic compounds which have various pharmacological activities may demonstrate some of the therapeutic uses of P.auriculata plant.
Association of Serum Level of Substance P with Glycemic Control Indices and Lipids Profile in Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Shahad W. Ahmed  , Hussein Ali Shatha
Published: February 2025

Hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, two common metabolic disorders associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, are the main causes of metabolic abnormalities that result in a wide range of complications, such as cardiac dysfunction, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Substance-P is an 11-amino acid neuropeptide that is highly conserved and secreted by sensory nerve endings as well as different types of non-neural cells. It was believed that substance P would reduce inflammation triggered on by diabetes, interrupting the development of complications associated with this disease. The current study aims to investigate whether serum levels of substance P are associated with glycemic measures &/or lipids profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are not obese. A case-control study involved eighty-five adult subjects (46 males&39females), aged (30-60) years, and was divided into two groups; Group-1: 53 non-obese type 2 diabetic patients (BMI range:18.6-29.9 kg/m2), were selected from the out-patient clinic of The National Centre of Diabetes Treatment & Research, Group-2: 32 individuals were chosen at random from the population as a whole to serve as control Healthy subjects; their ages and sexes were matched to those of the patients. The fasting serum glucose, insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, triglycerides, and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values exhibited significantly higher values in diabetic patients in comparison to controls. (p-value =0.001). Whereas, the serum levels of substance P and high-density lipoprotein were markedly lowered in diabetic individuals relative to the control group. (p-value =0.001). Serum substance P displayed no significant correlations with the studied variables (P˃0.05). In conclusion, serum levels of substance P were lowered significantly in type 2 non-obese diabetic patients compared to healthy controls and displayed non-significant correlations with studied glycemic indices nor with lipids profile.
The Clinical Role of Inflammatory Chemokine RANTES (CCL5) in a Sample of COVID-19 Baghdad Province Patients
Authors: Zahra'a Abdul AL-Aziz Yousif  , Jabbar S. Hassan  , Ghaith H. Hameed
Published: February 2025

COVID-19 disease is a clinical syndrome caused by an envelope RNA virus, called SARS-COV-2., which causes infection with wildly clinical pictures. Through COVID-19 infection several components of humoral and cellular immune response have an important role in the progression of the infection. Chemokines are one of the inflammatory mediators that play an essential role in the immune pathogenesis of COVID-19. It is secreted by respiratory virus-infected cells in the upper respiratory tract, causing stimulation and recruitment of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, NK, eosinophils, and macrophages from the bloodstream to the site of the infection. This study strives to determine the impact role of inflammatory mediator chemokine RANTES (CCL5) in COVID-19 Iraq patients. Blood samples collected from 180 individuals were enrolled in this study, 120 of them were patients infected with COVID-19 and verified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The patients were categorized into two groups based on the severity of the disease, the severe group included 60 patients and the mild/moderate group included 60 patients also. Furthermore, 60 healthy individuals who were confirmed to be COVID-19-negative were enrolled in this study as a control group. The quantitative detection of CCL5 in human serum was done by the CCL5 Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay kit based on the principle of sandwich ELISA. This study showed that there were interesting highly significant differences (p<0.001) in the median serum level of CCL5 between all groups that participated in this study and there was a significant increase in the median level of CCL5 in control and mild-moderate groups versus severe patients’ group (66.66 pg/ml, and 54.04 pg/ml vs. 38.41 pg/ml respectively). According to the results of this study, the low level of CCL5 associated with COVID-19 severity infection could be used as a predictor marker for severity while the elevated level of CCL5 in control and mild-moderate suggested the elevated level of this chemokine is likely to be associated with the resolution of inflammation and recovery.
Synthesis, Characterization and Preliminary Pharmacological Evaluation of New Naproxen Containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol Derivatives
Authors: Ghanim Ali Mahdi  , Zainab Abdelhadi Dakhel
Published: February 2025

Based on naproxen, in this study, a new series of 1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-thiol derivatives was prepared through the esterification of the carbonyl group (of naproxen) using thionyl chloride as an auxiliary agent with methanol, and then naproxen hydrazide was made, to be obtained using (CS2) and a basic media convert it to the potassium salt of dithiocarbazate.   It was oxidized with concentrated sulfuric acid to a compound containing the thiol thiadiazole ring, and finally, through an alkylation reaction, the final compounds were produced (Gh1, Gh2, Gh3, Gh4). These compounds were characterized using infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Then, the anti-inflammatory effectiveness was evaluated in vivo by inducing acute inflammation in laboratory rats with egg whites.
 The compounds were successfully synthesized with a percentage yield approaching 70%, and it was discovered that they are effective in reducing the thickness of the paw edema of the tested rats and have an anti-inflammatory influence similar to the effect of the reference substance (naproxen) some compounds were more effective than naproxen at some trial times, as or compound (Gh1) at time (T7) after (5) hours of practical experience.
Molecular Docking, ADMET Study, Synthesis, Anti-inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Screening of New NSAIDs Conjugated with Gabapentin
Authors: Noor W. Saleh Rabee  , Tagreed N-A Omar
Published: February 2025

The free –COOH of NSAIDs is thought to be one of the causes that responsible for the GI irritation associated ,in this study NSAIDs were conjugated with gabapentin through ester bond using chloroacetyl chloride as a spacer. The methodology of this work consist three steps: Gabapentin was reacted with para substituted benzaldehyde to protect the free amine group via converting it to  imine (Schiff base) II(1a-b) , Esterification by the reaction of  NSAID with chloroacetyl chloride to give the  corresponding ester III , The reaction of III with II(1a-b) to give the final product III(1a-h). The structures of these compounds were confirmed and characterized by attenuated total reflectance -Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR ) ,1HNMR and physicochemical properties . In silico evaluation methods were done before synthesis through molecular docking via genetic optimization for ligand docking (Schrödinger) Suite software with COX-1 enzyme, the prepared compounds showed good activity against standard compounds, theoretically and experimentally. An ADMET analysis was performed to anticipate the pharmacokinetic properties of the final synthesized drugs and indicate that the final compounds contain drug-like features.Also the preliminary pharmacological Evaluation . Synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity, and show moderate to high inhibition against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and a high antifungal activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was also tested for the final compounds and it showed a good activity .
Formulation and Evaluation of Canagliflozin Self-nanomicellizing Solid Dispersion Based on Rebaudioside A for Dissolution and Solubility Improvement
Authors: Nizar Awish Jassem  , Shaimaa Nazar Abd Alhammid
Published: February 2025

Self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion is a new formulation that combines the advantages of solid dispersion and nanomicelles strategies to increase drug oral bioavailability. The strategy involves utilizing a suitable carrier to create a solid dispersion that self-assembles into nanomicelles when it comes into contact with gastrointestinal fluids. Rebaudioside A is a steviol glycoside that has been reported to possess nano carrier-like characteristics by being self-assembled into nanomicelles in aqueous solutions. Canagliflozin is a novel sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor approved for treating patients with type 2 diabetes. Its oral administration is associated with variable and poor absorption, owing primarily to insolubility in aqueous media. This work aimed to develop canagliflozin self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion systems to overcome its pharmaceutical limitation and enhance oral bioavailability. The solvent evaporation method was selected to prepare a self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion system of canagliflozin. Rebaudioside A was chosen as a nanocarrier after screening several polymers for their ability to improve the solubility of canagliflozin by phase solubility study. The optimized formulations were characterized by solid-state analysis, dissolution studies,  particle size distribution, and  TEM. The study demonstrates that the self-nanomicellizing solid dispersion of canagliflozin, based on Rebaudioside A (FR5), has a 69.7 nm spherical particle size, stable distribution upon 20-fold  dilution, and improved aqueous solubility by over 753.5-fold due to nanomicellization, as determined through scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, there is a significant enhancement of dissolution rate compared with the physical mixture (PM) and pure drugs, as indicated by higher values of f1 and lower values of f2, which are obtained. The optimized formula of canagliflozin self-nanomicellizing SD (FR5) dissolved well after 30 minutes and demonstrated higher dissolution efficiency (DE) than the intact canagliflozin and physical mixture. The DE% parameter confirms these findings (DE30,FR5 = 70.34%, DE30,PM = 21.91%, and DE30,pure drug = 18.28%.  Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals mild interactions between the drug and the excipient due to hydrogen bonding, favoring the formation of a stable solid dispersion system with negligible chemical interactions. The study indicates that optimized canagliflozin self-nanomicellizing sold dispersion systems using rebaudioside A are promising methods for improving oral bioavailability.
Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of New Acetylenic Mannich Bases of Isatin–Thiazole Derivatives
Authors: Almusawi Marwa hashim , May Mohammed Jawad Al-Mudhafar
Published: February 2025

The isatin molecule is present in many natural substances, like plants and animals, and it is utilized to prepare compounds with various biological activities. A series of Schiff and Mannich bases derived from isatin were synthesized in this research. First, acetylenic Mannich bases (IIa-e) were prepared by a reaction of isatin with propargyl bromide and different secondary amines (morpholine, piperidine, pyrrolidine, dimethylamine, and diphenylamine) separately, and cuprous chloride (CuCl) was used as a catalyst. Second, these Mannich bases were treated with 2-aminothiazole to obtain the desired final compounds (AM1-AM5). The synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of their spectral (FT-IR, 1H- NMR) data. All these derivatives had been screened for their antimicrobial activity against two Gram-positive bacteria; “Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus licheniformis”, and two Gram-negative bacteria; “Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter baumannii”, and one fungus species, “Candida albicans”. Most of the compounds were found to exhibit significant antimicrobial activity and the most active one is compound AM1. The molecular docking was performed for the final synthesized compounds and then compared with the standard drugs (Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole). Molecular docking has recorded higher docking scores of two final derivatives (AM1 and AM2) in comparison to fluconazole.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RESPONSIBLE COMMUNICATION IN BUILDING ADVERTISING CONTENTS FOR INSTITUTIONS WITH A DIGITAL DIMENSION: A THEORETICAL STUDY WITHIN THE VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Issam Rezzag Lebza  , Khaoula Zidane
Published: February 2025

This study examines the value of responsible communication as an operational basis in the field of institutional communication with a strategic dimension through its entry as an effective variable in building communication contents in the context of messages presented by modern institutions with a digital dimension in their advertising contents with the aim of reaching recipients inside and outside the institution, within the framework of the transformations that occurred as a result of the virtual digital environment by creating a symbolic, moral and digital field for competitiveness within what is called modern marketing environments. The study also attempts to investigate the field of advertising content in the form of promotional and marketing discourse as an economic motive to attract profits on which modern institutions with a digital dimension rely in the context of the new competitive space, considering that the majority of the world today from all categories are in a state of immersion and endless use of social media with all its carriers that facilitate the individual's access to anything and then make a decision on the topics and interests that fall within the circle of his attention, whether they are purely material consumption or have symbolic and moral intellectual dimensions, and this represents a strong motive for the integration of institutions with a digital dimension to follow a modern administrative philosophy within the societal communication responsibility to create more convincing and dazzling advertising contents in relation to the preferences of the receiving audience.
Change in The Canadian Midwest: An Analysis of Land in Edmonton
Authors: Clark Matt
Published: February 2025

In this paper, I analyse the usage and layout of land in Edmonton, its impacts on the city’s growth and future, and propose potential solutions to the city’s current problems. Zoning is one specific area that will cause the council many political issues in the coming years. In city planning, “zoning” refers to how cities divide land into areas called “zones.”  These zones typically have different regulations regarding how developers can use land and what buildings they can build. Recently, outdated zoning laws have hindered Edmonton’s climate goals and development in urban areas, which I will show in this paper.
Even after zoning reform, the public remains concerned about the influence of big-money developers. However, Edmontonians are also uneasy about a more significant tax burden due to economic uncertainty. I propose regular 20-year zoning bylaw revisions, creating an inventory of unutilised and underutilised public land, and taking steps towards common land ownership. These solutions combine Edmonton’s future with current sustainability and development goals in mind. I also propose the creation of a land value tax and will show why it would be the most viable source of revenue for the city. This would reshape land ownership in Edmonton and Canada while boosting potential government resources.
Pewarna Alami Kain Sasirangan Yang Ramah Lingkungan Pada Industri Rumah Tangga di Desa Sungai Gampa Kecamatan Rantau Badauh
Authors: Pardede Antoni , Wardhani Rr Ariessanty Alicia Kusuma , Prasiska Emilda , Rizkiana Fitria , Apriani Herlina , Fauzi Zainal , Wahyuni Amalia , Sabariah Sabariah , Halim Chandra , Mardan Mardan
Published: February 2025

Sasirangan sudah sangat umum dikenal dikalangan masyarakat Kalimantan Selatan dan telah lekat dalam kehidupan keseharian masyarakat, karena sasirangan digunakan sebagai seragam baik pemerintahan, swasta, lembaga pendidikan hingga digunakan dalam momen spesial seperti undangan atau rapat pertemuan dan lain sebagainya. Sebagai warisan dan kearifan lokal budaya maka sasirangan dijaga dan dilestarikan masyarakat dengan beragam motif dan warna. Pewarna alami perlu dan sangat baik digunakan untuk kain sasirangan karena bersumber dari tumbuh – tumbuhan yang tidak menghasilkan limbah atau zat pencemar sehingga ramah lingkungan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan sebagai bentuk upaya melestarikan kearifan lokal dengan memperkenalkan alternatif pewarna alami untuk kain sasirangan yang aman dan ramah lingkungan. Pengabdian dilaksanakan dengan mengikuti metode yang meliputi observasi dan pemberian materi sosialisasi beserta dengan angket respon terhadap kegiatan yang dilakukan di desa Sungai Gampa, kecamatan Rantau Badauh. Proses penyampaian materi sosialisasi mencakup uraian sumber pewarna alami kain sasirangan serta komposisi tambahan yang dapat mengatur degradasi dan jenis warna. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan kegiatan telah berlangsung dengan baik dan aktif. Berdasarkan rata-rata persentase angket respon peserta yang mencapai 98,75% disimpulkan bahwa khalayak sasaran dapat menambah dan meningkatkan pemahaman serta pengetahuan akan pewarna alami kain sasirangan yang aman, dan ramah lingkungan.
Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Tranformasi Digital UMKM Kepada Anggota Kelompok Usaha Warung Sejahtera Tanjung Priok
Authors: Huda Nurul , Gani Ariel Nian , Rofi'i Muhammad , Handayani Nur Fitria , Tulasmiyanti Novia , Hidayah Taufik Nur , Feehily Webryana Mendy
Published: February 2025

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas digital Kelompok Usaha Warung Sejahtera di Tanjung Priok, Jakarta Utara, yang terdiri dari pelaku UMKM di bidang kuliner, fashion, dan kerajinan. Kegiatan ini menggunakan pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR) untuk mengidentifikasi masalah dan kebutuhan dalam transformasi digital. Pelatihan pada kegiatan ini melibatkan 35 pelaku UMKM. Melalui pelatihan dan pendampingan, anggota kelompok dilatih dalam penggunaan teknologi digital, seperti pembuatan situs web, media sosial, serta aplikasi manajemen keuangan dan Sistem Point of Sale (POS). Kegiatan ini juga menghasilkan platform kanal informasi tranformasi digital UMKM dengan nama digitalisasi-umkm.com. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman anggota terhadap teknologi digital, meskipun tantangan usia dan latar belakang pendidikan tetap mempengaruhi efektivitas pelatihan. Secara keseluruhan, program ini memberikan kontribusi positif dalam mempersiapkan UMKM untuk bersaing di era digital, namun pendampingan berkelanjutan diperlukan agar manfaat teknologi dapat dioptimalkan
Inovasi Pentol Ikan Patin Asap dengan Kelakai: Solusi Gizi Berbasis Lokal untuk Mengatasi Stunting
Authors: Mahdiyah Dede , Darsono Putri Vidiasari , Yuliana Fitri , Redjeki Dwi Sogi Sri , Mukti Bayu Hari , Jaelani Achmad , Widaningsih Neni , Ilhamiyah Ilhamiyah
Published: February 2025

Ikan patin merupakan sumber protein tinggi yang berlimpah di Indonesia, namun konsumsi di kalangan anak-anak masih rendah karena minimnya variasi olahan menarik. Untuk mengatasi masalah stunting yang masih tinggi di Indonesia, inovasi pentol ikan patin asap dengan daun kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris) diusulkan sebagai solusi gizi lokal. Tujuan dari program kosabangsa ini adalah meningkatkan akses pangan bergizi melalui produk inovatif yang disukai anak-anak. Metode pelaksanaan melibatkan identifikasi lokasi, pengumpulan data status gizi awal, penyusunan rencana kegiatan, pengembangan produk, serta pelatihan dan edukasi masyarakat mengenai cara pengolahan dan manfaat gizi produk. Produk dibuat dari ikan patin yang diasap dan dicampur dengan daun kelakai, yang dikenal kaya akan nutrisi dan serat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan minat masyarakat, terutama ibu dan anak, dalam mengonsumsi produk berbasis ikan ini. Edukasi dan pelatihan juga meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta mengenai pentingnya protein hewani dan serat nabati untuk mencegah stunting. Kolaborasi lintas sektor memperkuat jaringan dukungan dan keberlanjutan program ini. Inovasi pentol ikan patin asap dengan kelakai efektif meningkatkan konsumsi pangan bergizi di masyarakat, dan dengan dukungan berkelanjutan dari pemerintah serta edukasi masyarakat, produk ini berpotensi berkontribusi pada penurunan angka stunting di Indonesia.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN DAN KESADARAN LINGKUNGAN KELOMPOK USAHA LAUNDRY BERBASIS UU CIPTA KERJA
Authors: Nopliardy Rakhmat , Listiyani Nurul
Published: February 2025

Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan advokasi publik untuk meningkatkan Pemahaman dan Kesadaran tentang rentannya lingkungan Hidup dan seberapa penting untuk menjaganya. Mencakup pemahaman ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan bagaimana tindakan manusia yang mempengaruhi lingkungan, dan tanggung jawab atas tindakan yang akan dilakukan. Perubahan pengaturan dan perundang-undangan keselamatan lingkungan sering terjadi dapat melemahkan pemahaman dan kesadaran perbaikan lingkungan di masyarakat. Hal ini juga terjadi pada Kelompok Usaha Laundry yang telah tumbuh dan berkembang pesat di Kota Banjarmasin. Karena usaha ini selalu berkaitan dengan penggunaan Detergen dan air merupakan limbah usaha yang dapat menimbulkan masalah pencemaran lingkungan. UU Cipta Kerja dan peraturan turunannya PP No. 22 Tahun 2021 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup telah mengubah ketentuan pengaturan tanggung jawab Pengelolaan Limbah sebelumnya. Pendampingan dalam bentuk Advokasi Publik bagi usaha kecil dan menengah Kelompok Laundry “Rumah Cuci Kita” sangat membantu dan dapat memotivasi dalam mengatasi permasalahan kelompok usaha kecil laundry dalam memahami peraturan baru dan melaksanakannya berdasarkan PP 22 Tahun 2021, baik dalam hal aturan pengelolaan limbah maupun tahapan upaya pengelolaan limbah bagi kelompok Usaha laundry dimaksud.
PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI MELALUI PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN HERBISIDA YANG RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Ilhamiyah Ilhamiyah , Zuraida Ana , Ash'ari Fuzi Maulana , Gazali Akhmad
Published: February 2025

Permasalahan yang sering  muncul  dilingkungan Mitra adalah banyaknya  gulma.  Gulma pada  pertanaman budidaya dapat menyebabkan terjadinya persaingan antara tanaman budidaya dengan gulma dalam penyerapan unsur hara, air, cahaya dan ruang tumbuh sehingga menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman serta menurunkan  produksi tanaman.  Petani dalam mengendalikan gulma selalu menggunakan herbisida kimia sintetik yang  menyebabkan residu yang dapat mencemari lingkungan dan meracuni manusia atau hewan ternak. Selain itu, banyak petani yang mengeluh  mahalnya harga herbisida sintetis ini, sehingga perlu dilakukan pembuatan herbisida yang ramah lingkungan     terbuat dari bahan-bahan alami yang mudah didapatkan seperti air kelapa, bawang putih, ragi tape, dan EM4.  Prioritas permasalah mitra adalah  petani diberdayakan untuk dapat membuat herbisida yang ramah lingkungan dan harganya lebih murah karena herbisida  terbuat dari bahan-bahan alami yang mudah didapatkan.  Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat dengan skim Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat  bertempat di Kelurahan Ulu Benteng Marabahan Kabupaten Barito Kuala.   Khalayak sasaran yang mengikuti kegiatan ada 21 orang petani. Pelaksanaannya berjalan lancar dan kehadiran khalayak sasaran mencapai 100 % pada pertemuan pertama dan pada pertemuan kedua kehadiran menjadi 90.5 %  Setelah kegiatan dilaksanakan ada peningkatan pengetahuan seputar pembuatan herbisida ramah lingkungan.  Sebanyak 19  peserta  sudah mampu membuat sendiri herbisida ramah lingkungan dan cara pengaplikasiannya.
SOSIALISASI STOP BULLYING (PERUNDUNGAN) DI MAN 2 BANJARMASIN
Authors: Munajah Munajah , Nurhayati Yati , Nahdhah Nahdhah , Septarina Muthia
Published: February 2025

Bullying sering terjadi sekolah dan lingkungan sehari-hari. Aksi bullying memang bukan suatu perkara yang baru akan tetapi fenomena ini masih terjadi di lingkungan sekitar kita terutama sekolah bahkan memakan korban, yang mana berdampak pada fisik maupun psikis. Perilaku bullying bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Pasal 28B ayat 2 berbunyi “Menyatakan bahwa setiap anak berhak atas kelangsungan hidup, tumbuh dan berkembang serta berhak atas perlindungan dari kekerasan dan diskriminasi” Kekerasan dan diskrimansi yang terjadi di sekolah tentunya bukan saja  menghambat proses belajar mengajar akan tetapi juga akan menghambat perkembangan siswa. Pengaruh bullying yang kian masif tersebut mengisyaratkan bahwa bullying merupakan tindakan yang harus  segera dicegah dengan cepat karena jika tidak segera dicegah dapat menyebabkan banyak sekali efek negatif lainnya. Cara untuk mencegah bullying adalah: pertama, optimalisasi peran orang tua atau wali. Orang tua/wali harus mempelajari karakter anak agar dapat mengantisipasi berbagai potensi intimidasi dan tindakan bullying menimpa anaknya. Selain intervensi orang tua dan guru, keyakinan diri anak pun perlu ditumbuhkan secara maksimal. Artinya, anak memiliki keyakinan yang positif akan dirinya serta sesamanya. Keyakinan diri ini akan memberinya pandangan baik terhadap sesama. Akan tetapi hal yang terkadang tidak disadari adalah perilaku bullying yang tidak terdeteksi baik guru maupun orang tua karena misdefinisi terhadap Bullying tersebut sehingga perilaku-perilaku yang dianggap lumrah namun sebenarnya bertentangan dengan peraturanperundangan terkait  bullying oleh karena itu dengan adanya sosialisasi ini diharapkan akan meluruskan dan meminimalisir terjadinya bullying di sekolah. Selain itu pencegahan terhadap bullying bukan kegiatan temporary namun harus dilakukan secara terus-menerus.
Analisis Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian Stunting di Desa Cipacing Kecamatan Jatinangor Kabupaten Sumedang (Tinjauan dari aspek Gizi, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat)
Authors: Tahrir Tahrir , Dewi Rachmayani , Juhrodin Udin , Fallo Junaidin , Kurniawan Nanang , Toyibah Neneng Siti Nur , Permatasari Shelly , Iskandar Wiwit Putri , Marwah Yulia
Published: February 2025

Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius, terutama di daerah pedesaan seperti Desa Cipacing. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting, dengan fokus pada aspek gizi, kesehatan lingkungan, ekonomi dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Penelitian KKN ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian stunting sebagai program yang dibuat pemerintah ‘New Zero Stunting’ dalam upaya mengurangi dan mencegah kejadian stunting di Indonesia. Tujuan program pemerintah ini adalah meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang pentingnya gizi seimbang, pemberian ASI eksklusif, pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas, serta perbaikan sanitasi dan air bersih. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan ABCD. ABCD merupakan singkatan dari Asset-Based Community Development, yang merupakan pendekatan yang berfokus pada membangun kekuatan dan aset yang sudah dimiliki oleh masyarakat untuk mengatasi berbagai permasalahan sosial. Hasil dari penelitian KKN ini menjadikan masyarakat setempat mampu mengatasi permasalahan sosial dan diharapkan dapat tercapai kondisi di mana tidak ada lagi kasus stunting di Indonesia, sehingga anak-anak dapat tumbuh dan berkembang secara optimal.
PENYULUHAN OPTIMALISASI MEREK DAN KEMASAN PADA USAHA SAYUR HIDROPONIK DI DESA PANDAHAN KECAMATAN BATI-BATI KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT
Authors: Vitria Aida , Abdurrahim Abdurrahim , Purboyo Purboyo , Ariani Gusti Meinar Girda , Wahyuni Amalia , Nurjannah Intan
Published: February 2025

Kegiatan pengabdian yang dilaksanakan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan daya saing produk sayuran hidroponik di Desa Pandahan melalui strategi manajemen pemasaran yang berfokus pada optimalisasi penguatan merek dan desain kemasan.Metode yang digunakan meliputi penyuluhan dan edukasi, pendampingan dan nantinya akan dievaluasi. Hasilnya diharapkan agar petani sayur hidroponik ini mengerti akan pentingnya punya merek dan kemasan sebagai bagian dari strategi pemasaran. Tentunya hal ini juga berdampak pada minat konsumen terhadap produk sayur hidroponik lokal.
PELATIHAN TEKNIS PENGGUNAAN SUPPLEMEN PAKAN (FEED SUPLEMENT) DAN IMBUHAN PAKAN (FEED ADDITIVE) DALAM PAKAN DI KELOMPOK TERNAK SUMBER JAYA CEMPAKA
Authors: Rostini Tintin , Zakir Muhammad Irwan , Irwangsa Ditza Pasca , Biyatmoko Danang
Published: February 2025

Salah satu faktor penting dalam meningkatkan performa dan produktivitas ternak adalah ketersediaan pakan berkualitas yang mampu memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi ternak secara efisien. Selain itu, penggunaan feed supplement dan feed additive telah terbukti mampu meningkatkan efisiensi pakan, memperbaiki performa pertumbuhan, serta menjaga kesehatan ternak. Tujuan PKM ini adalah untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan kemampuan kelompok ternak dalam teknis pemeliharaan ternak dengan menggunakan imbuhan pakan, baik feed additive maupun feed supplemen dan meningkatkan kemampuan pengelolaan unit usaha ternak kambing potong. Metode Pelaksanaan Pelatihan dilaksanakan dengan metode  Presentasi: Materi disampaikan oleh narasumber yang ahli di bidang nutrisi ternak. Diskusi : Peserta berpartisipasi aktif dalam sesi tanya jawab dan diskusi kelompok. Praktek Lapangan : Peserta melakukan praktik langsung dalam pemilihan dan penambahan suplemen serta imbuhan pakan ke dalam pakan ternak sedangkan kegiatan awal dilakukan FGD dengan Kelompok. Hasil kegiatan PKm menunjukkan bahwa peternak memahami manfaat imbuhan pakan, seperti enzim, probiotik, dan antioksidan, yang dapat meningkatkan daya cerna, menjaga kesehatan usus, dan meningkatkan kekebalan ternak dan mampu membuat ransum pakan yang seimbang. Disimpulkan bahwa  penggunaan imbuhan pakan  dalam pakan ternak harus terus dipahami oleh peternak Key word : enzim, feed supplement, feed additive.probiotik
The impact of intracranial pressure monitoring in severe traumatic brain injury: results from the National Trauma Registry
Authors: Peled Anton , Kimchi Gil , Givon Adi , Gardner Raquel C. , Knoller Nachshon , Katorza Eldad , Cohen-Manheim Irit
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

Intracranial pressure monitoring (ICPM) is a cornerstone procedure in the management of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Yet, its implementation is low and the impact on outcomes debated. The authors’ objective was to determine the association between ICPM and 1-year mortality in severe TBI.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective cohort study utilizing data from the Israel National Trauma Registry (INTR) of severe TBI patients admitted to level I trauma centers from 2015 to 2021. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of 1-year mortality, adjusted for age, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, other severe injuries (nonhead Abbreviated Injury Scale [AIS] score ≥ 4), hypotension, and surgical decompression. The main outcome was 1-year mortality.

RESULTS

Of 2202 patients, 36.8% underwent insertion of ICPM. ICPM patients had a lower 1-year mortality rate (28.12% vs 33.60%, p = 0.015). Compared with ICPM, the adjusted odds of 1-year mortality of no ICPM were increased 1.2-fold (OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.96–1.54). The effect size was greater among patients with head AIS score 5–6 and age 18–64 years (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.13–2.20) and age ≥ 65 years (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.04–3.55); the effect size of no ICPM in those with head AIS score 3–4 was decreased (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.26–0.93).

CONCLUSIONS

A significant association between ICPM and lower 1-year mortality in the most severe TBI patients (head AIS score 5–6) who were ≥ 18 years of age was observed. The authors’ study supports the use of ICPM in severe TBI. The authors recommend more detailed reporting to best inform quality improvement programs on a national scale. This research contributes to the academic dialogue on TBI and the considerations for enhancing patient care.
Vitality of global alignment following adult spinal deformity surgery to long-term improvement of patient-reported outcomes regardless of regional alignment
Authors: Mikhail Christopher , Mohanty Sarthak , Hassan Fthimnir M. , Lai Christopher S. , Stephan Stephen R. , Platt Andrew , Lee Nathan J. , Lombardi Joseph M. , Sardar Zeeshan M. , Lehman Ronald A. , Lenke Lawrence G.
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to discern whether patients who achieve a cranial sagittal vertical axis to the hip (CrSVA-H) < 2 cm at 2 years of follow-up, regardless of mismatch between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis (PI-LL), have a greater improvement in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

METHODS

This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected single-center database of adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients who underwent corrective surgery with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. Patient demographics, perioperative data, radiographic parameters, and PROMs were collected at baseline and follow-up. Patients were placed into four cohorts: combined aligned (CA) (CrSVA-H < 2 cm, PI-LL < 10°), globally aligned (GA) (CrSVA-H < 2 cm, PI-LL ≥ 10°), regionally aligned (RA) (CrSVA-H ≥ 2 cm, PI-LL < 10°), and completely malaligned (CM) (CrSVA-H ≥ 2 cm, PI-LL ≥ 10°) at final follow-up.

RESULTS

A total of 162 patients were included (71 CA, 58 GA, 11 RA, and 22 CM patients). The CA cohort was younger (mean [standard error of the mean]: 44.1 [2.2] vs 57.6 [1.8] vs 54.7 [3.1] years, p = 0.0003) and had a smaller PI-LL (1.6° [2.3°] vs 27.9° [2.4°] vs 25.0° [4.8°], p < 0.0001) than the GA and CM cohorts. The CrSVA-H differed significantly between the CA and CM cohorts (−1.5 [0.5] vs 4.1 [1.2] cm, p = 0.0012). There was no significant difference in BMI or total instrumented levels across all four cohorts (p > 0.05). The CA and GA cohorts had greater baseline PROMs when compared with the CM cohort, specifically in the SRS-22r total score (p = 0.0025 and p = 0.0244, respectively), self-image (p = 0.0032 and p = 0.0074, respectively), and satisfaction (p = 0.0313 and p = 0.0011, respectively) domains. Baseline Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores differed only between the CA and CM cohorts (32.2 [2.5] vs 41.1 [2.4], p = 0.0312). The CA and GA cohorts possessed greater PROMs by the final follow-up, including the aforementioned PROMs (p = 0.0016) and ODI scores (p = 0.0044) when compared with the CM cohort. The mixed-effects model of PROMs demonstrated that the CA and GA cohorts experienced a greater increase in patient-reported outcomes when compared with the CM cohort (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

ASD patients with a CrSVA-H < 2 cm by the final follow-up improved significantly across the majority of PROMs regardless of regional alignment when compared with patients who were both globally and regionally malaligned. These results further emphasize that the position of the head relative to the hips is a vital measure for the long-term improvement of PROMs following ASD surgery.
Sex-specific differences in DNA methylation defining prognostically relevant subgroups in glioblastoma
Authors: Kiesel Barbara , Borkovec Martin , Furtner Julia , Roetzer-Pejrimovsky Thomas , Nenning Karl-Heinz , Greutter Lisa , Miller-Michlits Yelyzaveta , Widhalm Georg , Woehrer Adelheid
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE

Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumor that is more common and has a worse outcome in males. Recently, the observed sex differences have been linked to tumor biology, prominently highlighting fundamental differences in gene expression programs. Here, the authors advance this concept to epigenome-based DNA methylation patterns across primary and recurring glioblastoma.

METHODS

The authors leveraged their 614 publicly available DNA methylation datasets comprising 252 female and 362 male patients with glioblastoma. They applied a joint and individual variation explained analysis to explore clusters among tumors in males and females in an unsupervised way. Their prognostic association was explored using Kaplan-Meier analysis and a Cox proportional hazards model. Their findings were validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset.

RESULTS

Clustering of the individual, sex-specific components yielded two distinct clusters in males and females, which were predictive of overall survival in males (p = 0.0098). Among differentially regulated genes in males, the 20 most consistently altered genes resulted in a targeted panel, which predicted overall survival in males and females at the first surgery (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.013) but not at recurrence (p = 0.3 and p = 0.85, respectively). These findings were validated in TCGA dataset. The authors translated the observed differences in survival to networked pathways prominently highlighting protein metabolism in males and oxidative phosphorylation in females.

CONCLUSIONS

In summary, the authors report sex-specific differences in DNA methylation patterns among male and female cases of glioblastoma that converge on a set of 20 genes that have a prognostic impact in both sexes at the first surgery. Sex-specific networks of pathways suggest prominent roles for protein processing and antigen presentation in males and metabolism in females. The study findings provide new insights in sex-specific tumor biology to further improve individual gender-based patient management and estimation of disease prognosis.
Science Learning Transformation: Android Digital Comics (MiGiRo) as a Science Learning Resource on the Concept of Genetics
Authors: Diniya Diniya , Amaliyah Fitri , Syarif Muhammad Ilham , Oshima Ryugo , Abe Yoichiro
Published: February 2025

The learning resources used by teachers in science education, such as textbooks and student worksheets, are often less engaging and primarily limited to occasional presentations. Students grow disinterested and distracted as a result of this lack of variation. This study set out to assess the efficacy, usefulness, and reactions of junior high school students to the employment of Android-based digital comics (MiGiRo) as a teaching tool for the subject of genetics. The Research and Development (R&D) method with the Plomp model was employed. Validation was conducted by material experts, media experts, and linguists, while practicality was assessed by science teachers, and student responses were collected from ninth-grade students. The data were analyzed quantitatively. The validation results indicated that MiGiRo received scores of 86.3% from material experts, 75% from media experts, and 92.5% from linguists, all within the very good category, making it suitable for use. The practicality test showed a score of 96.7%, indicating that MiGiRo is very practical with no revisions needed. Student response testing during the field trial resulted in an overall score of 88.3%, also in the very good category. It can be concluded that MiGiRo is a useful and legitimate interactive learning tool for junior high school students.
Effect of Podcast towards Improvement of Students’ Listening Comprehension
Authors: Rahmi Armita , Khulaifiyah Khulaifiyah , Nawir Erna , Ling Zhang
Published: February 2025

The integration of technology into educational practices has gained increasing attention, particularly in the realm of language learning. Podcasts, as a versatile and accessible digital tool, have emerged as a promising medium for enhancing various language skills. Employing experimental research, this investigation aims to determine whether the use of podcasts can significantly enhance students' listening abilities compared to traditional methods among eleventh-grade students at SMAN 3 Siak Hulu. Sample of 52 students was selected, divided into an experimental group (n=26) and a control group (n=26). The experimental group received treatment through audio podcasts, while the control group did not. Data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests, with essay-based assessments administered to evaluate listening comprehension. The experimental group's mean scores increased from 54.77 (pre-test) to 66.15 (post-test), while the control group's scores decreased from 64.12 (pre-test) to 53.85 (post-test). Statistical analysis using an independent sample t-test in SPSS 26 revealed a significant difference between the groups, with a t-test value of 2.741 (p = 0.008) surpassing the t-table value of 2.008. These results indicate a significant improvement in the listening comprehension of students exposed to podcasts, supporting the effectiveness of this technology in enhancing language learning outcomes. In brief, the study provides compelling evidence that incorporating podcasts into the educational curriculum significantly improves listening comprehension among students, thereby highlighting the potential of this technology to enhance language learning outcomes effectively.
Improving Students’ Engagement in Listening Activities through Edpuzzle
Authors: Setiawati Sari , Yuliana Yohanes Gatot Sutapa , Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin
Published: February 2025

Students’ engagement is crucial for the success of listening activities, especially at the junior high school level. This study aimed to enhance students’ engagement in English listening activities using EDpuzzle, focusing on eighth-grade A students at SMP Islam Al-Azhar 17 Pontianak. Conducted over two cycles with 20 participants, the study addressed issues like distractions, disengagement, difficulty understanding audio, and feelings of frustration. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design, involving two cycles of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Instruments used included observation checklists, tests, and field notes. Qualitative analysis showed a marked increase in engagement during the second cycle, after introducing EDpuzzle Station Challenge activities. EDpuzzle’s interactive features—visually engaging content, embedded questions, and the option to rewatch videos—made the listening experience more accessible and enjoyable. This boosted cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement, leading to better attendance, active participation, and fewer disruptions. Descriptive statistics revealed notable improvements, with 86.67% of students showing higher emotional engagement, 78.33% displaying increased cognitive engagement, and 86.67% showing improved behavioral engagement. Additionally, 85% of students scored above the success threshold in listening comprehension tests, particularly in identifying degrees of comparison and summarizing video content. In conclusion, EDpuzzle enhanced students’ engagement by creating a more interactive and enjoyable learning environment.
Development of a Lampung Language Vocabulary Learning Module to Improve Elementary School Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Syukri Ridwan , Ariyani Farida , Rusminto Nurlaksana Eko
Published: February 2025

The Lampung language vocabulary learning module is designed to improve the learning outcomes of fifth grade students at Sekolah Dasar (SD) Negeri Gilih Karang Jati. However, in reality, student learning outcomes are still not good, especially in learning Lampung language vocabulary. The aim of this research is to determine student learning outcomes in Lampung language vocabulary subjects. The data obtained in this research was analyzed using experimental methodology with a one group pretest posttest research design. This type of research is referred to as research and development (R&D) and is associated with ADDIE theory. The Lampung language vocabulary learning module has been verified by material, media and language experts and its usefulness has also been assessed based on teacher and student responses. Media experts obtained a valid percentage score of 0.93%, language experts obtained a valid percentage score of 0.88%, and material experts obtained a valid percentage score of 0.91%. The average percentage of educators' practicality test scores was 97.12% and students' practicality scores were 98.39%. The results of this research were analyzed using t test calculations, data analysis showed that there was a significant difference between before and after treatment using the Lampung language vocabulary learning module, with the achieved value of 0.000 < 005. Based on the research results, the implementation of the Lampung language vocabulary-based learning module can be achieved in helping fifth grade students at SD Negeri Gilih Karang Jati achieve better learning outcomes.
Development of Problem-Based Blended Learning (PBBL) Assisted by Articulate Storyline to Optimize Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Mutia Tuti , Rosida Fatiya , Wahyuningtyas Neni , Rofiki Imam
Published: February 2025

The development of technology in education becomes more advanced by utilizing learning models assisted by digital media. These innovations allow for more flexible and interactive teaching methods, increasing student engagement and understanding. Technology based learning enables broader access to information and allows students to learn independently. By using digital media, students understand difficult concepts and interact directly with the material. This study aims to develop Problem-Based Blended Learning (PBBL) assisted by articulate storylines. The method used was designed using the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) research model. The analysis in this study employed qualitative descriptive and quantitative descriptive analysis. The research instrument was in the form of a validation questionnaire for learning experts and media validation. The results of the study showed that learning experts obtained a score of 88% (very worth it) and media experts obtained a score of 80% (very worth it). The results of the small group questionnaire, the product receives score of 95 out of the ideal score of 100. This indicates that the product is highly feasible and can be implemented without revision. So, it can be concluded that PBBL assisted by articulate storylines is an effective learning approach. PBBL based on Articulate Storyline has great potential to be applied in the curriculum as a learning medium that adapts to various subjects. This technology integration not only answers the challenges of problem-based learning but also enriches students' experiences, increases their engagement, and supports more student-centered learning. Additionally, it encourages collaborative learning and critical thinking.