bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Pada Klien Hiperkolesterolemia Dengan Menggunakan Teh Hijau
Authors: Kusumaningsih Dewi , Deria Desy , Djamalludin Djunizar
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAK Berdasarkan laporan Riskesdas Bidang Biomedis tahun 2018 menunjukkan bahwa pravelensi kadar kolesterol total > 200 mg/dL di Indonesia adalah 41,3%. Kadar kolesterol tinggi di dalam darah mempunyai peran penting dalam proses aterosklerosis yang selanjutnya akan menyebabkan kelainan kardioveskuler. Kolesterol tinggi dapat diatasi dengan tanaman herbal misalnya jambu, temulawak, belimbing waluh, mengkudu, dan salah satunya teh. Tujuan setelah penyuluhan dan demonstrasi, diharapkan pemberian teh hijau dapat untuk menurunkan kadar kolesteol pada klien kolesterol. Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa penyuluhan menggunakan leaflet dan demonstrasi pembuatan teh hijau. Terdapat penurunan kadar kolesterol pada klien kolesterol tinggi setelah pemberian teh hijau selama 7 hari di Natar lampung selatan. Dengan demikian, pemberian teh hijau pada klien kolesterol sangat efektif dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol. Kata kunci: Hiperkolesterolemia, Nyeri, Teh Hijau  ABSTRACT Based on the 2018 Biomedical Sector of Basic health research report shows that cholesterol concentration levels > 200 mg/dL in Indonesia 41.3%. High cholesterol levels in the blood have an important role in the process of atherosclerosis which in turn will cause cardiovascular disorders. High cholesterol can be overcome with herbal plants such as guava, temulawak, waluh, noni, and tea. The purpose after counseling and demonstration, is expected to provide green tea to reduce cholesterol levels in cholesterol clients. The activities carried out in the form of counseling using leaflets and demonstrations of making green tea. There was a decrease in cholesterol levels in high cholesterol clients after giving green tea for 7 days at Natar South Lampung. Therefor, giving green tea to cholesterol’s client is very effective in reducing cholesterol level. Keywords: Hypercholesterolemia, Pain, Green Tea
Penggunaan Terapi Senam Otak Pada Anak Dengan Masalah Penurunan Konsentrasi Belajar Di Desa Rawajitu Selatan
Authors: Ariyanti Lidya , Putrianti Redia Indira , Setiawati Setiawati
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAK Kosentrasi merupakan keadaan pikiran atau asosiasi terkondisi yang diaktifkan oleh sensasi di dalam tubuh. Cara mengaktifkan sensasi di dalam tubuh adalah dengan membuat tubuh berada dalam keadaan yang rileks dan suasana yang menyenangkan, karena dalam keadaan yang tegang seseorang tidak akan dapat menggunakan otaknya dengan maksimal oleh karena pikiran menjadi kosong. Fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan diketahui bahwa penurunan konsentrasi belajar pada anak belum mendapatkan penanganan yang maksimal. Selama ini teknik yang digunakan memiliki kelemahan tersendiri yang tentunya tujuan dari peningkatan konsentrasi belajar belum dapat dirasakan oleh semua siswa, seharusnya teknik peningkatan konsentrasi belajar di buat lebih mudah dan efektif. Salah satunya adalah teknik Brain Gym. Tujuan setelah diberikan terapi senam otak diharapkan dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar pada anak. Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa penyuluhan dan demonstrasi terapi senam otak. Terdapat peningkatan konsentrasi belajar pada anak setelah diberikan terapi senam otak di Desa Rawajitu Selatan. Dengan demikian, pemberian terapi senam otak efektif dalam meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar. Kata Kunci: Konsentrasi, Senam Otak, Peningkatan Konsentrasi Belajar  ABSTRACT Concentration is a state of mind or conditioned association that is activated by sensations in the body. How to activate sensations in the body is to make the body in a relaxed state and pleasant atmosphere, because in a tense situation a person will not be able to use his brain to the maximum because the mind becomes empty. The phenomenon that occurs in the field is known that the reduction in the concentration of learning in children has not gotten the maximum treatment. During this time the technique used has its own weaknesses which of course the purpose of increasing concentration of learning can not be felt by all students, the technique of increasing the concentration of learning should be made easier and more effective. One of them is the Brain Gym technique. The goal after being given brain exercise therapy is expected to increase the concentration of learning in children. The activities carried out in the form of counseling and demonstration of brain exercise therapy. There is an increase in the concentration of learning in children after being given brain exercise therapy at Rawajitu Selatan Village. Thus, the administration of brain exercise therapy is effective in increasing concentration of learning. Keywords: Concentration, Brain Exercise, Increased Learning Concentration
Pendidikan Kesehatan Simulasi Senam Anti Hipertensi Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Hipertensi Di RW 3 Kelurahan Jayawaras Garut
Authors: Witdiawati Witdiawati , Rosidin Udin , Purnama Dadang
Published: April 2021

ABSTRAKKegiatan pengabdian ini dilatarbelakangi dengan tingginya penyakit hipertensi di RW 03 Desa Jayawaras Garut. Survey awal menunjukkan ada sebagian masyarakat yang tidak melakukan upaya pencegahan. Karena pandemi covid 19 maka kegiatan pengabdian ini diutamakan kepada tokoh masyarakat. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai kegiatan ini adalah peningkatan pengetahuan tokoh masyarakat dalam pencegahan penyakit Hipertensi. Metoda pelaksanaan PPM diawali dengan persiapan sosial dengan melakukan pendekatan lintas program maupun lintas sektoral. Kemudian melakukan serangkaian kegiatan untuk  pencegahan penyakit hipertensi. Pendidikan kesehatan diikuti oleh 20 orang tokoh masyarakat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan rata rata nila pengetahuan sebelum dilaksanakan pendidikan kesehatan sebesar 67 point dan meningkat menjadi 78 point. Kesimpulan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan tokoh masyarakat di RW 03 Desa Jayawaras. Dengan meningkatnya pengetahuan tentang pencegahan penyakit hipertensi pada tokoh masyarakat di RW 03 Desa Jayawaras diharapkan seluruh masyarakat mengikuti perilaku tokoh masyarakat dalam pencegahan penyakit hipertensi. Kata kunci  : Pendidikan Kesehatan, Pencegahan hipertensi, Senam anti hipertensi. ABSTRACTThis dedication activity was motivated by the high level of hypertension in RW 03 Jayawaras Garut Village. Initial surveys show that there are some people who do not take preventive measures. Due to the Covid 19 pandemic, this service activity is prioritized for community leaders. The goal of this activity is to increase the knowledge of community leaders in the prevention of hypertension. The method of implementing PPM begins with social preparation by taking a cross-programmatic and cross-sectoral approach. Then carry out a series of activities to prevent hypertension. Health education was attended by 20 community leaders. The results showed that the average value of knowledge before health education was implemented was 67 points and increased to 78 points. The conclusion is that there is an increase in the knowledge of community leaders in RW 03 Jayawaras Village. With the increase in knowledge about the prevention of hypertension among community leaders in RW 03 Jayawaras Village, it is hoped that the entire community will follow the behavior of community leaders in preventing hypertension. Keywords:  Health Education, Prevention of Hypertension, Anti-hypertensive Gymnastics.
Pengaruh Senam Otak Terhadap Tingkat Stres Belajar Pada Anak Usia Sekolah
Authors: Furqoni Prima Dian , Yuliani Yuliani
Published: April 2021

Latar Belakang : Pada anak usia sekolah mengalami penambahan aktivitas pembelajaran di sekolah. penyebab stres di Indonesia mencapai 82,8% yang berasal dari rutinitas anak yang sangat padat. Salah satu cara yang bisa digunakan untuk mengatasi stress belajar adalah senam otak. Senam otak adalah rangkaian kegiatan gerakan sederhana yang digunakan untuk merangsang kerja dan fungsi otak secara maksimal.Tujuan : Diketahuinya pengaruh senam otak terhadap tingkat stres belajar pada anak usia sekolah di SD Negeri 1 Srengsem Kecamatan Panjang Bandar Lampung tahun 2020.Metode:Penelitian iniadalah penelitian kuantitatif. Design penelitian Quasi Experimental. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan  adalah one group pre test-Post test design. Jumlah sampel 18 anak, teknik pengambilan sampel dengan simple random sampling. Analisa data yang digunakan menggunakan uji statistik paired T-Test.Hasil: didapatkan penurunan nilai mean pada siswa sebelum diberikan perlakuan senam otak adalah 13,89 dengan standar devisiasi 2,447 dan setelah diberikan senam otak menjadi 8,89 dengan standar deviasi 2,111. Berdasarkan uji statistik didapatkan p-value < 0,05. Simpulan: terdapat pengaruh senam otak terhadap tingkat stres  belajar pada anak usia sekolah di SD Negeri 1 Srengsem Kecamatan Panjang Bandar Lampung tahun 2020.
刍议工业厂房建筑主体结构的关键施工技术
Authors: 李 林林
Published: April 2021

随着经济发展和人们生活水平的提升，人们对建筑居住环境有着更高的需求，促进了现代建筑行业不断提升建设质量和性能。文章以工业厂房建筑为研究对象，探讨建设高质量的工业厂房建筑需要具备哪些关键施工技术，为了保障工业厂房建筑主体结构稳定，对我国现阶段工业厂房建筑施工技术进行阐述，并提出相关解决策略。
道路养护工程管理要点及强化路径
Authors: 熊 雪莲
Published: April 2021

道路工程项目建设完成并投入运营以后，在使用过程中会面临各种各样的问题，这些问题如果没有及时解决就会损害路面结构，对道路工程正常使用造成影响。因此，为了能够保证道路工程长时间使用，就需要针对道路工程展开养护管理工作。下面，文章首先就道路养护管理的意义与特点展开论述，然后分析道路养护工程管理中存在的问题，最后就强化道路养护工程管理的路径提出几点建议。
气相色谱技术在化工分析中的应用研究
Authors: 徐 宏
Published: April 2021

文章针对气相色谱技术在化工分析的应用进行充分研究，首先简要介绍了气相色谱技术概述，然后分析了气相色谱技术基本原理。最后主要探讨了气相色谱技术在化工分析中的主要应用，其中包括，测定脂肪酸类、提高化工精度、烃类气体分析、医学药物分析、水体检测应用，以此发挥较为显著的优势，为相关行业提供有效参考。
绿色建筑技术在建筑设计中的优化
Authors: 赵 祥
Published: April 2021

在建筑设计中采用绿色建筑技术能够将以人为本的理念充分体现出来，有助于实现可持续发展，有助于加强太阳能、风能等可再生能源的利用，可以为人们创造增加舒适健康的生活工作环境。为此，相关工作人员应当在明确建筑设计中绿色建筑技术重要性的基础上，明确绿色建筑技术应用原则，并且合理应用各项技术，推动建筑行业朝着绿色节能方向发展进步。
The basic postulates of documentology – the general theory of documents
Authors: Stolyarov Yu. N.
Published: April 2021

The author introduces the basic principles of documentology. Its subject is the document as an abstract concept considered at the methodological, theoretical, historical and practical levels. Structurally, it is legitimate to study the document a s a w hole, a s w ell a s i n r elation t o i ts i ndividual a spects a nd f eatures. The result of this study is the division of documentology into general, special and specific discipline. The pan-civilization significance of documents as the most important masterpiece of human genius is that it enables to freeze things in time or even to turn time back – which is otherwise impossible for the human beings.

The documents give the material form to ethereal thoughts and knowledge of any kind, over the entire existence of the humankind. The appearance of the written language enables to draw the line between prehistorical and historical periods of human existence. No one social function is possible without documents; the documents has been the most powerful factors of the civilization progressing. The entity of document is compared to that of information; the former is characterized mainly with its components, namely nominative, generative, material, signative, semantic, syntaxive, temporal and pragmatic. The best definition of document is given by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO): Document is “recorded information or material object which can be used as a unit in the documentation process”; in particular, the document in library collections is the recorded information or a physical matter matching the collection profile. The basic postulates of documentology are generalized; they comprise the discipline structure and laws, the general principles of creating, disseminating, storing and using the documents; as well as the core document elements.
Breastfeeding Of Shift Working Mothers: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Sari Rina Puspita , Adawiyah Siti Robeatul
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Working mother has a dual role as a worker and caring for children including the fulfillment of breastfeeding (infants aged 0-24 months). The shift work method has the risk of fatigue and stress thus affect milk production. The shift work method requires working mother to have more effective time management for direct breastfeeding and pumping breast milk.
Objective: Obtain a description of breastfeeding experience of shift working mother.
Method: The phenomenological approach was used in this qualitative research. Selection of participants using a purposive sampling method of 8 people. In-depth interviews were used in data collection and then analyzed using Colaizzi's method.
Results: The qualitative thematic analyses included the following: (1) breastfeeding motivation of shift working mother, (2) problem occurs of breastfeeding period of shift working mother, 3) shift working mother strategic to resolve the problems, and (4) source and form of supports.
Conclusion: The support needed by working mothers is flexible time for breastmilk pumps, comfortable lactation rooms, consistent shift schedule arrangements, and assistance from occupational health nurses in companies. The results of this study can be used as the basis for occupational health providing nursing interventions such as education, counseling and advocacy to management.
Physical Activity And Nurses’ Attribute Variables To Body Mass Index And Uric Acid
Authors: Siagian Ernawati , Ramschie Putri Agape
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Obesity among health workers hinder the effectiveness of health promotion, harm their health, and reduce productivity in the workplace.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the attribute variables, daily activity patterns, BMI and uric acid levels in nurses.
Methods: The method in this study is a descriptive correlational using purposive sampling technique, amounting 50 respondents. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used for the physical activity data, BMI and checking uric acid levels.
Results: The results showed Obese I BMI (58%), Obese II BMI (42%), Prediabetes fasting blood sugar levels (28%), Diabetes (4%). Moderate physical activity patterns is 80% METs- mins/week. Analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between age and physical activity patterns (METs- mins/week) with p value of 0,02<0,05. There is a significant relationship between marital status and physical activity patterns with p value of 0,005. There is also a significant relationship between chronic disease and uric acid levels with p value of 0,020<0,05. There is no significant relationship between BMI and uric acid levels with physical activity patterns (sig>0,05).
Conclusion: Obesity among professional nurses has negative implications for the capacity, success, follow-up and safety of health services and the health of these nurses. Nurses need to achieve and maintain a healthy body weight.
Confirmation of Factors Affecting Self-Care Activities of Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Istiani Hari Ghanesia , Rokhmiati Eka
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the non- communicable diseases that causes the highest mortality. Self-care activities are factors that determine the health status and quality of life of people with hypertension.
Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the direct and indirect effects and the magnitude of the variables of the role of health workers, family functions, health literacy, and self-efficacy on self-care activities for hypertension sufferers at the Tanah Sareal Health Center, Bogor City in 2018.
Methods: The method used in the study this is a quantitative approach that uses adesign cross-setional. The sample used was 80 hypertension patients. The analysis used is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using SmartPLS 2.0.
Results: The results of   hypothesis   testing   with smartPLS resulted   in   research   findings,   namely    that the self-care activities of hypertension sufferers were influenced by the role of health workers   (16.98%), family function factors (12.32%),factors health literacy (26.66%), and self-efficacy factor (25.27%). The total amount of direct influence on self-care activities of hypertension sufferers is 81.23% and the indirect effect is 1.53%. The analysis result model can explain 99.1% of the diversity of data and is able to study   the phenomena used in the study, while 0.9% is explained by other components that are not present in this study.
Conclusion: There is a direct influence between the role of health workers, family function, health literacy and self-efficacy on the self-care activities of hypertension sufferers at Tanah Sareal Health Center.
Recursos didáticos digitais para o ensino de Química durante a pandemia da Covid-19
Authors: Rodrigues Natália Costa , Souza Natállia Roberta , Patias Samira Gabrielle Oliveira , Carvalho Edione Teixeira de , Carbo Leandro , Santos Ane Francielly da Silva
Published: April 2021

A Química é uma ciência que apresenta linguagem própria, microscópica e geralmente abstrata, o que dificulta a aprendizagem de grande parte dos alunos. Durante o ensino remoto, devido à pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus, o processo de ensino e aprendizado se torna ainda mais desafiador. Dessa forma, os professores precisaram se reinventar e adotar novas metodologias para atender as demandas dessa nova modalidade de ensino. O uso de modelos didáticos no ensino tem sido relatado na literatura como uma estratégia eficaz para a aprendizagem. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho consiste em avaliar o desempenho de materiais didáticos audiovisuais (vídeos), como intervenção para o ensino de configuração eletrônica dos elementos. A metodologia foi do tipo qualitativa, utilizando como instrumento de validação da eficiência dos modelos didáticos um questionário aplicado a 134 alunos do 1° ano do ensino médio do Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso, campus São Vicente. Os percentuais das respostas indicaram que o método de ensino utilizado é uma estratégia eficaz para a compreensão do conteúdo de configuração eletrônica.
O direito à tutela jurisdicional efetiva e a aplicação dos meios atípicos de execução
Authors: Zimiani Laís Silva , Medina José Miguel Garcia , Xavier Cássio de Paula
Published: April 2021

O Código de Processo Civil brasileiro prevê no artigo 139, inciso IV, a possibilidade de aplicação das medidas executivas atípicas de forma subsidiária aos métodos executivos típicos. Os meios executivos atípicos são instrumentos criativos e poderosos, que podem causar transtornos substanciais ao executado, razão pela qual devem ser aplicados somente quando em consonância com os princípios fundamentais e setoriais da execução, assim como pela legislação e jurisprudência nacionais. O dispositivo legal é indispensável para a concessão do direito fundamental à tutela jurisdicional efetiva pelo Estado-juiz, mas não pode ser aplicado de forma indiscriminada e descriteriosa, até porque os meios atípicos de execução não possuem a mesma previsibilidade garantida na aplicação dos meios executivos típicos. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio da identificação de conceitos, normas e princípios fundamentais de direito e foi guiada pelo método indutivo, com revisão bibliográfica específica, assim como pela análise legislativa e jurisprudencial sobre o tema.
Custos hospitalares associados aos eventos adversos medicamentosos: Revisão sistemática
Authors: Silva Sara Cristina da , Rodrigues Rodrigo Corvino , Rodrigues Meline Rossetto Kron
Published: April 2021

Contexto: Os eventos adversos medicamentosos (EAMs) estão entre as causas mais rotineiras durante o processo de cuidado no ambiente hospitalar.É caracterizado como qualquer ocorrência clínica desfavorável que possa acometer o paciente durante o período de tratamento não sendo atribuída à evolução natural da doença de base. Objetivo: Analisar os custos da assistência prestada aos pacientes acometidos por EAM. Metodologia: Revisão sistemática com escrita pautada no check list PRISMA e Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology Statements (MOOSE) com consulta nas bases de dados da literatura PubMed,Embase,Cochrane e LILACS no mês de fevereiro de 2020. Os estudos foram selecionados a partir dos descritores controlados e seus sinônimos: “Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos” e “Custos Hospitalares”. O risco de viés foi analisado por meio da ferramenta Newcastle-Ottawa. Resultados: A análise incluiu oito estudos e evidenciou que há intenso aumento dos custos associados a ocorrência de EAM, bem como consequências negativas como aumento do tempo de internação, necessidade de mão de obra especializada e exposição a danos do paciente. Conclusão: Esta análise poderá ser um poderoso instrumento gerencial para as instituições de saúde como demonstrativo dos custos decorrentes dos EAMs, bem como fornece subsidio para pesquisas futuras.
Violência comunitária vivenciada pela população de travestis e mulheres transexuais no Rio de Janeiro: estudo transversal
Authors: Soares Jesilaine Resende Teixeira , Queiroz Junior Abel Soares de , Knupp Virginia Maria de Azevedo Oliveira , Peixoto Eduardo Mesquita , Andrade Lívia Machado de Mello , Sampaio Flávia de Jesus Neiva , Depret Davi Gomes , Gil Adriana Costa , Melo Luciana Catarina Santos de , Rafael Ricardo de Mattos Russo , Velasque Luciane de Souza
Published: April 2021

Objetivo: analisar a violência comunitária vivenciada por um grupo de travestis e mulheres transexuais no Rio de Janeiro. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo transversal. A coleta de dados ocorreu de 06/2019 a 03/2020, deu-se presencialmente, através de questionários previamente adaptados, aplicados por entrevistadores treinados. A análise e o processamento dos dados ocorreram por meio do programa de domínio público R (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, versão R-3.5.1), foram realizadas análises univariadas e bivariadas, a inferência foi realizada por meio de teste de normalidade Shapiro-Wilk, em seguida foi escolhido o teste de hipótese adequado que decorrente dos cruzamentos foram: Wilcoxon e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: foram realizadas 140 entrevistas, das quais 86 eram travestis (61,4%), 111 (79,3%) não brancas. A maioria tinha estudo a partir do ensino médio 90 (64,3%), 34 admitiram ser profissionais do sexo (24,3%), 91 (65%) são solteiras e 101 moram no município do Rio de Janeiro (72,6%). A média da idade foi de 35 anos. Foi verificada significância entre a variável desfecho e situação conjugal na análise estatística. Foram encontradas semelhanças na literatura, como escolaridade, etnia e situação conjugal. Conclusão: percebeu-se que nesse grupo a agressão por desconhecidos é superior àquela proferida por conhecidos, que a identidade de gênero é fator preponderante para este tipo de violência.
Working alliance among mental health nurses in Indonesia: A comparative analysis of socio-demographic characteristics
Authors: Yosep Iyus , Mediani Henny Suzana , Lindayani Linlin
Published: April 2021

Background: Working alliance between therapist and client in psychotherapy practice has become proven to compensate for a significant difference in various psychotherapy modalities. However, few studies have investigated the structure of alliance in the context of nurses working at mental health hospitals in Indonesia. 
Objective: This study aimed to compare the working alliance of mental health nurses according to socio-demographic characteristics. 
Methods: A cross-sectional research was performed at the Mental Health Hospital in West Java, Indonesia, as a referral hospital in Indonesia from May to December 2019. The inclusion criteria were nurses with a minimum of one year of working experience and a Diploma III certificate in nursing. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 120 nurses who agreed to join in this study. The working alliance was measured using Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised-Therapist (WAI-SRT).
Results: The majority of the respondents were female (77.5%), holding a Diploma III degree in nursing (49.17%), having working experience ranged from 11 to 15 years (34.17%), and working at the chronic unit (32.5%). The mean score of the working alliance was 44.46 (SD = 11.32). The domain of agreement on goals had a higher mean score (17.65 ± 3.45), followed by the task domain (16.56 ± 5.81) and bond domain (22.10 ± 7.23). There was a significant difference in working alliance according to education level and working experience (p < 0.05), while no significant differences in terms of gender and working unit.
Conclusion: Mental health nurses with higher education levels and more vast working experience had higher working alliances. Thus, nurse managers and hospital policymakers should provide Continues Nursing Education (CNE), working alliance training, and therapeutic strategies for nurses to improve their working alliances. It is also essential to cooperate with nursing schools to include working alliances as learning objectives.
Funding: This study was fully funded by Padjadjaran University, Indonesia.
Büyükşehir Belediyelerinin Engellilere Yönelik Hizmetlerinin İçerik Analizi Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ULUDAĞ GÜLER Çiğdem , ÇAKI Neşe
Published: April 2021

Engelli hizmetlerinin yerel ölçekte belediyeler tarafından verilmesi 1990’lı yıllardan sonra sosyal belediyecilik anlayışı ile yaygınlaşmış ve 2005 yılından itibaren yasal düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Bu tarihten itibaren belediyelerin engelliler, yaşlılar, yoksullar, kadınlar, çocuklar gibi dezavantajlı gruplara sosyal politikalar bağlamında sundukları hizmetlerin niceliğinde ve niteliğinde artış görülmektedir. Bu düzenlemeler kapsamında sosyal bütçede engellilere yönelik hizmetlerin yürütülmesi ve engelli merkezleri oluşturulması, engellilere yönelik ayni ve nakdi yardımların verilmesi sağlanmıştır. Bu araştırmada, söz konusu anlayışa paralel olarak Türkiye’de yer alan otuz büyükşehir belediyesinin engellilere yönelik sunduğu hizmetler kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmiş ve karşılaştırmalı bir analiz yapılmıştır. Sunulan hizmetler tespit edilirken büyükşehir belediyelerinin kurumsal internet siteleri ve bu konuda literatürde yapılmış çalışmalar detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Elde edilen verilerin analizinde; nitel araştırmalarda sıklıkla kullanılmaya başlanan MAXQDA programı kullanılarak içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda ise, belediyelerin hizmetlerinin belirli kategorilerde toplandığı ancak her hizmeti her belediyenin vermediği yani hizmetler bakımından eşit bir dağılımın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
ANALISIS PERFORMA CORE FRAMEWORK IOS PADA APLIKASI VISUALISASI GENERAL-GRAPH MENGGUNAKAN PERANGKAT MOBILE
Authors: Ramadhani Shumaya Resty
Published: April 2021

Perkembangan teknologi yang pesat membawa perubahan kebiasaan pada pengguna teknologi. Perangkat teknologi ikut berevolusi, mulai dari super komputer hingga smartphone berukuran kecil dengan performa yang sepadan. Banyaknya penikmat teknologi yang beralih kepada piranti cerdas ini membuka peluang pengembangan aplikasi yang cukup besar. Aplikasi mobile harus tetap mampu bekerja secara cepat dan ringan meski dijalankan pada smartphone dengan tipe lama atau spesifikasi terbatas. Terutama aplikasi yang mengusung visualisasi dan animasi untuk menarik minat pengguna. Sistem operasi iOS menyediakan CoreFramework yang mendukung proses pembuatan objek dan animasi dalam jumlah banyak dengan cepat dan ringan. Oleh sebab itu, dibentuklah sebuah aplikasi visualisasi general-graph sederhana dengan implementasi CoreFramework guna menguji seberapa besar pengaruh framework tersebut terhadap kualitas aplikasi, terutama pada perangkat seri lama. Kriteria pengujian menggunakan tiga variabel dasar, yaitu waktu, alokasi Central Processing Unit (CPU) dan Random Access Memory (RAM) yang digunakan. Hasil dari pengujian menunjukkan bahwa meski CoreFramework menggunakan Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) untuk pemrosesannya, tapi setidaknya aplikasi membutuhkan minimal RAM berukuran 2GB pada perangkat smartphone agar responsifitas terjaga. Hal ini disebabkan karena ketika kapasitas RAM kecil, maka aplikasi akan menggunakan alokasi CPU dengan cukup signifikan agar bisa berjalan dengan baik.
Proteomic Profiling of IgG1 Producing CHO Cells Using LC/LC-SPS-MS3: The Effects of Bioprocessing Conditions on Productivity and Product Quality
Authors: Strasser Lisa , Farrell Amy , Ho Jenny T. C. , Scheffler Kai , Cook Ken , Pankert Patrick , Mowlds Peter , Viner Rosa , Karger Barry L. , Bones Jonathan
Published: April 2021

The biopharmaceutical market is dominated by monoclonal antibodies, the majority of which are produced in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. Intense cell engineering, in combination with optimization of various process parameters results in increasing product titers. To enable further improvements in manufacturing processes, detailed information about how certain parameters affect cellular mechanisms in the production cells, and thereby also the expressed drug substance, is required. Therefore, in this study the effects of commonly applied changes in bioprocessing parameters on an anti-IL8 IgG1 producing CHO DP-12 cell line were investigated on the level of host cell proteome expression combined with product quality assessment of the expressed IgG1 monoclonal antibody. Applying shifts in temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen concentration, respectively, resulted in altered productivity and product quality. Furthermore, analysis of the cells using two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry employing tandem mass tag based isotopic quantitation and synchronous precursor selection-MS3 detection revealed substantial changes in the protein expression profiles of CHO cells. Pathway analysis indicated that applied bioprocessing conditions resulted in differential activation of oxidative phosphorylation. Additionally, activation of ERK5 and TNFR1 signaling suggested an affected cell cycle. Moreover, in-depth product characterization by means of charge variant analysis, peptide mapping, as well as structural and functional analysis, revealed posttranslational and structural changes in the expressed drug substance. Taken together, the present study allows the conclusion that, in anti-IL8 IgG1 producing CHO DP-12 cells, an improved energy metabolism achieved by lowering the cell culture pH is favorable when aiming towards high antibody production rates while maintaining product quality.
Neuromechanics and Energetics of Walking With an Ankle Exoskeleton Using Neuromuscular-Model Based Control: A Parameter Study
Authors: Shafer Benjamin A. , Philius Sasha A. , Nuckols Richard W. , McCall James , Young Aaron J. , Sawicki Gregory S.
Published: April 2021

Powered ankle exoskeletons that apply assistive torques with optimized timing and magnitude can reduce metabolic cost by ∼10% compared to normal walking. However, finding individualized optimal control parameters is time consuming and must be done independently for different walking modes (e.g., speeds, slopes). Thus, there is a need for exoskeleton controllers that are capable of continuously adapting torque assistance in concert with changing locomotor demands. One option is to use a biologically inspired, model-based control scheme that can capture the adaptive behavior of the human plantarflexors during natural gait. Here, based on previously demonstrated success in a powered ankle-foot prosthesis, we developed an ankle exoskeleton controller that uses a neuromuscular model (NMM) comprised of a Hill type musculotendon driven by a simple positive force feedback reflex loop. To examine the effects of NMM reflex parameter settings on (i) ankle exoskeleton mechanical performance and (ii) users’ physiological response, we recruited nine healthy, young adults to walk on a treadmill at a fixed speed of 1.25 m/s while donning bilateral tethered robotic ankle exoskeletons. To quantify exoskeleton mechanics, we measured exoskeleton torque and power output across a range of NMM controller Gain (0.8–2.0) and Delay (10–40 ms) settings, as well as a High Gain/High Delay (2.0/40 ms) combination. To quantify users’ physiological response, we compared joint kinematics and kinetics, ankle muscle electromyography and metabolic rate between powered and unpowered/zero-torque conditions. Increasing NMM controller reflex Gain caused increases in average ankle exoskeleton torque and net power output, while increasing NMM controller reflex Delay caused a decrease in net ankle exoskeleton power output. Despite systematic reduction in users’ average biological ankle moment with exoskeleton mechanical assistance, we found no NMM controller Gain or Delay settings that yielded changes in metabolic rate. Post hoc analyses revealed weak association at best between exoskeleton and biological mechanics and changes in users’ metabolic rate. Instead, changes in users’ summed ankle joint muscle activity with powered assistance correlated with changes in their metabolic energy use, highlighting the potential to utilize muscle electromyography as a target for on-line optimization in next generation adaptive exoskeleton controllers.
Nanomedicine: A Promising Way to Manage Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Khan Nazeer Hussain , Mir Maria , Ngowi Ebenezeri Erasto , Zafar Ujala , Khakwani Muhammad Mahtab Aslam Khan , Khattak Saadullah , Zhai Yuan-Kun , Jiang En-She , Zheng Meng , Duan Shao-Feng , Wei Jian-She , Wu Dong-Dong , Ji Xin-Ying
Published: April 2021

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating disease of the aging population characterized by the progressive and slow brain decay due to the formation of extracellular plaques in the hippocampus. AD cells encompass tangles of twisted strands of aggregated microtubule binding proteins surrounded by plaques. Delivering corresponding drugs in the brain to deal with these clinical pathologies, we face a naturally built strong, protective barrier between circulating blood and brain cells called the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Nanomedicines provide state-of-the-art alternative approaches to overcome the challenges in drug transport across the BBB. The current review presents the advances in the roles of nanomedicines in both the diagnosis and treatment of AD. We intend to provide an overview of how nanotechnology has revolutionized the approaches used to manage AD and highlight the current key bottlenecks and future perspective in this field. Furthermore, the emerging nanomedicines for managing brain diseases like AD could promote the booming growth of research and their clinical availability.
Long Non-coding RNAs and MicroRNAs Interplay in Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Lanzillotti Carmen , De Mattei Monica , Mazziotta Chiara , Taraballi Francesca , Rotondo John Charles , Tognon Mauro , Martini Fernanda
Published: April 2021

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have gained great attention as epigenetic regulators of gene expression in many tissues. Increasing evidence indicates that lncRNAs, together with microRNAs (miRNAs), play a pivotal role in osteogenesis. While miRNA action mechanism relies mainly on miRNA-mRNA interaction, resulting in suppressed expression, lncRNAs affect mRNA functionality through different activities, including interaction with miRNAs. Recent advances in RNA sequencing technology have improved knowledge into the molecular pathways regulated by the interaction of lncRNAs and miRNAs. This review reports on the recent knowledge of lncRNAs and miRNAs roles as key regulators of osteogenic differentiation. Specifically, we described herein the recent discoveries on lncRNA-miRNA crosstalk during the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow (BM), as well as from different other anatomical regions. The deep understanding of the connection between miRNAs and lncRNAs during the osteogenic differentiation will strongly improve knowledge into the molecular mechanisms of bone growth and development, ultimately leading to discover innovative diagnostic and therapeutic tools for osteogenic disorders and bone diseases.
Identification of Novel Mutations in CDC20: Expanding the Mutational Spectrum for Female Infertility
Authors: Zhao Lin , Guan Yichun , Meng Qingxia , Wang Weijie , Wu Ling , Chen Biaobang , Hu Jijun , Zhu Jiawei , Zhang Zhihua , Mu Jian , Chen Yao , Sun Yiming , Wu Tianyu , Wang Wenjing , Zhou Zhou , Dong Jie , Zeng Yang , Liu Ruyi , Li Qiaoli , Du Jing , Kuang Yanping , Sang Qing , Wang Lei
Published: April 2021

Oocyte maturation and fertilization are fundamental processes for successful human reproduction, and abnormalities in these processes will cause infertility. Recently, we identified biallelic mutations in CDC20 that are responsible for human oocyte maturation arrest, fertilization failure, and early embryonic development arrest. In this study, we screened for further CDC20 mutations in a new cohort of patients with abnormalities in oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic development. Through whole-exome sequencing, we identified the four novel mutations c.887G > A (p. Arg296Gln), c.964C > T (p.Arg322∗), c.1155G > C (p.Trp385Cys), and c.330 + 1G > A (p. Glu111Ilefs∗36) and one previously reported mutation c.965G > A (p.Arg322Gln) in CDC20 in four infertile individuals from three independent families. The patients had different phenotypes of oocyte maturation arrest and fertilization failure resulting from the different mutations. This study confirms our previous research and expands the spectrum of known mutations in CDC20, providing new evidence supporting the function of CDC20 in the genetic etiology of female infertility characterized by oocyte maturation arrest and fertilization failure.
Prednisolone Alters Endometrial Decidual Cells and Affects Decidual-Trophoblast Interactions
Authors: Grbac Eliza , So Teresa , Varshney Swati , Williamson Nicholas , Dimitriadis Evdokia , Menkhorst Ellen
Published: April 2021

Poor pregnancy outcomes such as recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and preeclampsia are associated with impaired decidualization and abnormal trophoblast invasion. Emerging evidence suggests that use of corticosteroids, including prednisolone affects fertility by altering uterine function and may be associated with preeclampsia incidence. In this study, using primary and gestational-age appropriate tissue, we aimed to define the effect of prednisolone on human endometrial stromal fibroblast (hESF) decidualization and determine whether hESF decidualization in the presence of prednisolone would alter hESF regulation of trophoblast function. We found that prednisolone treatment reduced hESF cytokine expression (IL6, IL11, IL18, LIF, and LIFR) but had no effect on hESF expression or secretion of the classic markers of decidualization [prolactin (PRL) and IGFBP1]. Using proteomics we determined that prednisolone altered decidualized hESF protein production, enriching hESF proteins associated with acetylation and mitrochondria. Conditioned media from hESF decidualized in the presence of prednisolone significantly enhanced trophoblast outgrowth and trophoblast mRNA expression of cell motility gene PLCG1 and reduced trophoblast production of PGF. Prednisolone treatment during the menstrual cycle and 1st trimester of pregnancy might alter decidual interactions with other cells, including invasive trophoblast.
Multi-Factor Clustering Incorporating Cell Motility Predicts T Cell Expansion Potential
Authors: Lee Joanne H. , Shao Shuai , Kim Michelle , Fernandes Stacey M. , Brown Jennifer R. , Kam Lance C.
Published: April 2021

Expansion of an initial population of T cells is essential for cellular immunotherapy. In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), expansion is often complicated by lack of T cell proliferation, as these cells frequently show signs of exhaustion. This report seeks to identify specific biomarkers or measures of cell function that capture the proliferative potential of a starting population of cells. Mixed CD4+/CD8+ T cells from healthy donors and individuals previously treated for CLL were characterized on the basis of proliferative potential and in vitro cellular functions. Single-factor analysis found little correlation between the number of populations doublings reached during expansion and either Rai stage (a clinical measure of CLL spread) or PD-1 expression. However, inclusion of in vitro IL-2 secretion and the propensity of cells to align onto micropatterned features of activating proteins as factors identified three distinct groups of donors. Notably, these group assignments provided an elegant separation of donors with regards to proliferative potential. Furthermore, these groups exhibited different motility characteristics, suggesting a mechanism that underlies changes in proliferative potential. This study describes a new set of functional readouts that augment surface marker panels to better predict expansion outcomes and clinical prognosis.
SUMOylation Regulator-Related Molecules Can Be Used as Prognostic Biomarkers for Glioblastoma
Authors: Li Xiaozhi , Meng Yutong
Published: April 2021

Introduction

SUMOylation is one of the post-translational modifications. The relationship between the expression of SUMOylation regulators and the prognosis of glioblastoma is not quite clear.

Materials and Methods

The single nucleotide variant data, the transcriptome data, and survival information were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, and cBioportal database. Wilcoxon test was used to analyze differentially expressed genes between glioblastoma and normal brain tissues. Gene set enrichment analysis was conducted to find the possible functions. One risk scoring model was built by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression. Kaplain–Meier survival curves and receiver operating characteristic curves were applied to evaluate the effectiveness of the model in predicting the prognosis of glioblastoma.

Results

Single-nucleotide variant mutations were found in SENP7, SENP3, SENP5, PIAS3, RANBP2, USPL1, SENP1, PIAS2, SENP2, and PIAS1. Moreover, UBE2I, UBA2, PIAS3, and SENP1 were highly expressed in glioblastoma, whereas PIAS1, RANBP2, SENP5, and SENP2 were downregulated in glioblastoma. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the SUMOylation regulators of glioblastoma might involve cell cycle, DNA replication, and other functions. A prognostic model of glioblastoma was constructed based on SUMOylation regulator-related molecules (ATF7IP, CCNB1IP1, and LBH). Kaplain–Meier survival curves and receiver operating characteristic curves showed that the model had a strong ability to predict the overall survival of glioblastoma.

Conclusion

This study analyzed the expression of 15 SUMOylation regulators in glioblastoma. The risk assessment model was constructed based on the SUMOylation regulator-related genes, which had a strong predictive ability for the overall survival of patients with glioblastoma. It might provide targets for the study of the relationship between SUMOylation and glioblastoma.
Phenotypically Anchored mRNA and miRNA Expression Profiling in Zebrafish Reveals Flame Retardant Chemical Toxicity Networks
Authors: Dasgupta Subham , Dunham Cheryl L. , Truong Lisa , Simonich Michael T. , Sullivan Christopher M. , Tanguay Robyn L.
Published: April 2021

The ubiquitous use of flame retardant chemicals (FRCs) in the manufacture of many consumer products leads to inevitable environmental releases and human exposures. Studying toxic effects of FRCs as a group is challenging since they widely differ in physicochemical properties. We previously used zebrafish as a model to screen 61 representative FRCs and showed that many induced behavioral and teratogenic effects, with aryl phosphates identified as the most active. In this study, we selected 10 FRCs belonging to diverse physicochemical classes and zebrafish toxicity profiles to identify the gene expression responses following exposures. For each FRC, we executed paired mRNA-micro-RNA (miR) sequencing, which enabled us to study mRNA expression patterns and investigate the role of miRs as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. We found widespread disruption of mRNA and miR expression across several FRCs. Neurodevelopment was a key disrupted biological process across multiple FRCs and was corroborated by behavioral deficits. Several mRNAs (e.g., osbpl2a) and miRs (e.g., mir-125b-5p), showed differential expression common to multiple FRCs (10 and 7 respectively). These common miRs were also predicted to regulate a network of differentially expressed genes with diverse functions, including apoptosis, neurodevelopment, lipid regulation and inflammation. Commonly disrupted transcription factors (TFs) such as retinoic acid receptor, retinoid X receptor, and vitamin D regulator were predicted to regulate a wide network of differentially expressed mRNAs across a majority of the FRCs. Many of the differential mRNA-TF and mRNA-miR pairs were predicted to play important roles in development as well as cancer signaling. Specific comparisons between TBBPA and its derivative TBBPA-DBPE showed contrasting gene expression patterns that corroborated with their phenotypic profiles. The newer generation FRCs such as IPP and TCEP produced distinct gene expression changes compared to the legacy FRC BDE-47. Our study is the first to establish a mRNA-miR-TF regulatory network across a large group of structurally diverse FRCs and diverse phenotypic responses. The purpose was to discover common and unique biological targets that will help us understand mechanisms of action for these important chemicals and establish this approach as an important tool for better understanding toxic effects of environmental contaminants.
A Mini Review on Capillary Isoelectric Focusing-Mass Spectrometry for Top-Down Proteomics
Authors: Xu Tian , Sun Liangliang
Published: April 2021

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based top-down proteomics (TDP) requires high-resolution separation of proteoforms before electrospray ionization (ESI)-MS and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Capillary isoelectric focusing (cIEF)-ESI-MS and MS/MS could be an ideal method for TDP because cIEF can enable separation of proteoforms based on their isoelectric points (pIs) with ultra-high resolution. cIEF-ESI-MS has been well-recognized for protein characterization since 1990s. However, the widespread adoption of cIEF-MS for the characterization of proteoforms had been impeded by several technical challenges, including the lack of highly sensitive and robust ESI interface for coupling cIEF to MS, ESI suppression of analytes from ampholytes, and the requirement of manual operations. In this mini review, we summarize the technical improvements of cIEF-ESI-MS for characterizing proteoforms and highlight some recent applications to hydrophobic proteins, urinary albumin variants, charge variants of monoclonal antibodies, and large-scale TDP of complex proteomes.
Perspectives on Citizen Science Data Quality
Authors: Downs Robert R. , Ramapriyan Hampapuram K. , Peng Ge , Wei Yaxing
Published: April 2021

Information about data quality helps potential data users to determine whether and how data can be used and enables the analysis and interpretation of such data. Providing data quality information improves opportunities for data reuse by increasing the trustworthiness of the data. Recognizing the need for improving the quality of citizen science data, we describe quality assessment and quality control (QA/QC) issues for these data and offer perspectives on aspects of improving or ensuring citizen science data quality and for conducting research on related issues.