bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IL-6 induced enhanced clearance of proANP and ANP by insulin-degrading enzyme in T1DM mice
Authors: Li Caiyun , Wang Yao , Zhu Guozhen , Shang Yaxian , Kang Jiefang , Li Jia
Published: October 2021

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality in type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between CVD, CVD risk factors, and T1DM have not yet been sufficiently explored. Here, we report that insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) effectively degrades the precursor of atrial natriuretic peptide (proANP) in HEK293T cells. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 elicited a significant dose-dependent increase in IDE protein expression. Inhibition of the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway with selumetinib abolished the IL-6-stimulated increase in IDE protein levels and decreased ANP secretion in H9C2 cells. Importantly, the T1DM mouse model displayed lower proANP in the heart and ANP in serum, due to increased IDE expression and activity. Our results suggest a novel role of IL-6 in ANP metabolism via IDE and provide possibilities for new potential therapeutic strategies for diabetes-related cardiovascular complications.
Elements of the Metric–Affine gravity I: Aspects of F(R) theories reductions and the topologically massive gravity
Authors: Dominguez Yessica , Gaitan Rolando
Published: October 2021

Some classical aspects of Metric–Affine Gravity are reviewed in the context of the [Formula: see text] type models (polynomials of degree [Formula: see text] in the Riemann tensor) and the topologically massive gravity. At the nonperturbative level, we explore the consistency of the field equations when the [Formula: see text] models are reduced to a Riemann–Christoffel (RCh) space–time, either via a Riemann–Cartan (RC) space or via an Einstein–Weyl (EW) space. It is well known for the case [Formula: see text] that any path or reduction “classes” via RC or EW leads to the same field equations with the exception of the [Formula: see text] theories for [Formula: see text]. We verify that this discrepancy can be solved by imposing nonmetricity and torsion constraints. In particular, we explore the case [Formula: see text] for the interest in expected physical solutions as those of conformally flat class. On the other hand, the symmetries of the topologically massive gravity are reviewed, as the physical content in RC and EW scenarios. The appearance of a nonlinearly modified selfdual model in RC and existence of many nonunitary degrees of freedom in EW with the suggestion of a modified model for a massive gravity which cure the unphysical propagations shall be discussed.
Precise Runtime Analysis for Plateau Functions
Authors: Antipov Denis , Doerr Benjamin
Published: October 2021

To gain a better theoretical understanding of how evolutionary algorithms (EAs) cope with plateaus of constant fitness, we propose the
n
-dimensional
Plateau

k

function as natural benchmark and analyze how different variants of the (1 + 1) EA optimize it. The
Plateau

k

function has a plateau of second-best fitness in a ball of radius
k
around the optimum. As evolutionary algorithm, we regard the (1 + 1) EA using an arbitrary unbiased mutation operator. Denoting by α the random number of bits flipped in an application of this operator and assuming that
Pr
[α = 1] has at least some small sub-constant value, we show the surprising result that for all constant
k
≥ 2, the runtime 
T
follows a distribution close to the geometric one with success probability equal to the probability to flip between 1 and
k
bits divided by the size of the plateau. Consequently, the expected runtime is the inverse of this number, and thus only depends on the probability to flip between 1 and
k
bits, but not on other characteristics of the mutation operator. Our result also implies that the optimal mutation rate for standard bit mutation here is approximately 
k/(en)
. Our main analysis tool is a combined analysis of the Markov chains on the search point space and on the Hamming level space, an approach that promises to be useful also for other plateau problems.
Control as an Enabler for Electrified Mobility
Authors: Alleyne Andrew G. , Aksland Christopher T.
Published: October 2021

This article outlines the importance of electrified mobility (e-mobility) in modern transport. One key goal of this review is to illustrate the role that control has played, and must continue to play, as e-mobility grows. The coordination of power in multiple modes (mechanical, electrical, and thermal) requires sophisticated controller algorithms. This review advocates for model-based approaches to control since there may not be readily available physical systems from which to gather data and do data-based control. A second goal of the article is to present methods for modeling these powertrain systems that are modular, scalable, flexible, and computationally efficient. A graph-based approach satisfies many of the desired criteria. The third goal is to review control approaches for these classes of systems and detail a hierarchical approach that makes trades across different domains of power. Optimization-based approaches are well suited to achieving the regulation and tracking goals, along with the minimization of costs and the satisfaction of constraints. Multiple examples, within this article and the references therein, support the presentation throughout. This field of e-mobility is rapidly growing, and control engineers are uniquely positioned to have an impact and lead many of the critical developments.
The Role of Community Science in Entomology
Authors: Gardiner Mary M. , Roy Helen E.
Published: October 2021

Community (or citizen) science, the involvement of volunteers in scientific endeavors, has a long history. Over the past few centuries, the contributions of volunteers to our understanding of patterns and processes in entomology have been inspiring. From the collation of large-scale and long-term data sets, which have been instrumental in underpinning our knowledge of the status and trends of many insect groups, to action, including species management, whether for conservation or control, community scientists have played pivotal roles. Contributions, such as pest monitoring by farmers and species discoveries by amateur naturalists, set foundations for the research engaging entomologists today. The next decades will undoubtedly bring new approaches, tools, and technologies to underpin community science. The potential to increase inclusion within community science is providing exciting opportunities within entomology. An increase in the diversity of community scientists, alongside an increasing taxonomic and geographic breadth of initiatives, will bring enormous benefits globally for people and nature.
Yeast β-glucan reduces obesity-associated Bilophila abundance and modulates bile acid metabolism in healthy and high-fat diet mouse models
Authors: So Sik Yu , Wu Qinglong , Leung Kin Sum , Kundi Zuzanna Maria , Savidge Tor C. , El-Nezami Hani
Published: October 2021

The study shows that dietary Y-BG supplementation modulated gut microbiota, bile acid metabolism and associated signaling pathways. Y-BG significantly reduced Bilophila abundance which is associated with obesity in human cohorts. Correlation analysis confirmed functional interactions between bile acid composition, gut microbiota, and metabolic phenotype, although clinical benefit did not reach significance in an aggressive obesity model. Gut microbiota and bile acids correlated with metabolic parameters, indicating future potential of dietary Y-BG modulation of metabolic pathways.
An epidural stimulating interface unveils the intrinsic modulation of electrically motor evoked potentials in behaving rats
Authors: Taccola Giuliano , Culaclii Stanislav , Zhong Hui , Gad Parag , Liu Wentai , Edgerton V. Reggie
Published: October 2021

Chronic implants of a new epidural stimulating interface trace dynamics of spinal excitability in awake rats, before and after injury. Motor evoked potentials induced by trains of pulses at sub-motor threshold intensity were continuously modulated in amplitude. Oscillatory patterns of amplitude modulation reduced with increasing strengths of stimulation and were replaced by an intrinsic stochastic tone under anesthesia. Variability of baseline excitability is a fundamental feature of spinal networks, affecting their responses to external input.
Analytical Treatment of the Generalized Hirota-Satsuma-Ito Equation Arising in Shallow Water Wave
Authors: Yong-Yan Fan , Manafian Jalil , Zia Syed Maqsood , Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc , Le Trung-Hieu
Published: October 2021

In the current study, an analytical treatment is studied starting from the

2
+
1

-dimensional generalized Hirota-Satsuma-Ito (HSI) equation. Based on the equation, we first establish the evolution equation and obtain rational function solutions by means of the bilinear form with the help of the Hirota bilinear operator. Then, by the suggested method, the periodic, cross-kink wave solutions are also obtained. Also, the semi-inverse variational principle (SIVP) will be utilized for the generalized HSI equation. Two major cases were investigated from two different techniques. Moreover, the improved

tan

χ

ξ

method on the generalized Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation is probed. The 3D, density, and contour graphs illustrating some instances of got solutions have been demonstrated from a selection of some suitable parameters. The existing conditions are handled to discuss the available got solutions. The current work is extensively utilized to report plenty of attractive physical phenomena in the areas of shallow water waves and so on.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Characteristics Serve as Retinal Vein Occlusion Therapeutic Biomarkers for Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant
Authors: Shi Ke , Sun Xiaodong , Zhang Jingfa
Published: October 2021

Background. Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is the second most common vision-threatening retinal vascular disease. Intravitreal dexamethasone implant has been applied to treat macular edema secondary to RVO (RVO-ME). However, the alteration of morphologic features detected with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has not been fully studied in RVO-ME patients before and after the treatment. Objective. This study is aimed at identifying potential therapeutic targets in RVO with integrative bioinformatic analysis and compares the OCTA characteristics alterations in patients with RVO-ME receiving injection of dexamethasone intravitreal implant. Methods. Bioinformatic analysis was analyzed in GSE101398 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Multiple functional enrichment analyses were performed, and protein-protein interaction network was constructed to visualize the key node genes. Eleven eyes with RVO-ME were examined with OCTA before and after intravitreal dexamethasone implant. The OCTA parameters, including macular thickness, vessel density, foveal avascular zone parameters, the number of hyperreflective foci (HRF), area of cystoid edema, and subretinal fluid (SRF), were compared. The correlation was analyzed between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCTA parameters. Results. A total of 79 differentially expressed genes were identified. Functional enrichment analyses revealed the enriched inflammatory events in RVO. In RVO-ME, Pearson correlation revealed that baseline BCVA was positively correlated with the area of SRF and central macular thickness, while no correlation was detected between baseline BCVA and HRF number or the area of cystoid edema. The visual acuity improved, and the central macular thickness was decreased after intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection. Besides, the number of HRF, the area of cystoid edema, and SRF were significantly alleviated after dexamethasone intravitreal injection. Conclusion. Retinal inflammation plays a crucial role in RVO pathogenesis. The imaging biomarkers of RVO including Müller glial intracellular edema, and retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction, could be assessed in OCTA and attenuated by intravitreal dexamethasone implant effectively.
Analysis of Risk Factors of Neurobiological Pipeline Care and Investigation of Preventive Measures
Authors: Sun Lin , Wang Qian , Feng Jinzhi
Published: October 2021

During clinical care, most neurosurgical patients are critically ill. They have sudden onset of illness that should be treated on time with proper care. The patients require continuous hospitalization for proper treatment. The recovery of patients may be relatively slow and takes some time. Patients and Methods. To explore where the risks of pipeline care lie and the preventive measures. (1) In this paper, 100 neurosurgical patients were treated in our hospital from September 2018 to March 2020. They were firstly selected and divided into two groups. Group A was implemented with routine pipeline care and group B was implemented with the intervention developed by the pipeline team. (2) The design and SMOTE assume that, during the generation of a new synthetic sample of minority classes, the immediate neighbors of the minority class instances were also all minority classes, regardless of their true distribution characteristics, to analyze risk factors during care and summarize preventive measures. Results. The experimental results showed that the total efficiency of nursing care was higher in group B as compared to group A,

P
<
0.05

; also, the number of pipeline accidents was lower in group B. Conclusion It is important to be meticulous and thoughtful in pipeline care and to comprehensively analyze the possible risk events and then propose preventive measures so that risk events can be reduced.
Coupled Lateral and Torsional Vibration of Rub‐Impact Rotor during Hovering Flight
Authors: Zheng Nan , Chen Moli , Luo Guihuo , Ye Zhifeng
Published: October 2021

When aircraft make a maneuvering during flight, additional loads acting on the engine rotor system are generated, which may induce rub‐impact faults between the rotor and stator. To study the rub‐impact response characteristics of the rotor system during hovering flight, the dynamic model of a rub‐impact rotor system is established with lateral‐torsional vibration coupling effect under arbitrary maneuvering flight conditions using the finite element method and Lagrange equation. An implicit numerical integral method combining the Newmark‐β and Newton–Raphson methods is used to solve the vibration response. The results indicate that the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system will change during maneuvering flight, and the subharmonic vibrations are amplified in both lateral and torsional vibrations due to maneuvering overload. The form of the rub‐impact is different during level and hovering flight conditions: the rub‐impact may occur at an arbitrary phase of the whole cycle under the condition of level flight, while only local rub‐impact occurs during hovering flight. Under the both flight conditions, the rub‐impact has a large effect on the spectral characteristics, periodicity, and stability of the rotor system.
Mathematical Model of Maximum Commutation Half Cycle for Thermal Countercurrent Oxidation of Low‐Concentration Gas in Coal Mine Ventilation
Authors: Wu Kuan , Shi Shiliang , Chen Yong
Published: October 2021

The Fluent computational fluid dynamics software was used to study the relevant factors affecting the maximum commutation half cycle for thermal countercurrent oxidation of low‐concentration gas in coal mine ventilation. Based on orthogonal experiments, the maximum commutation half cycle for thermal countercurrent oxidation of the exhaust gas in the coal mine ventilation under 25 working conditions with the combination of different methane concentrations, inlet speeds, porosities, and oxidation bed filling lengths is investigated. SPSS data processing software was used to perform regression analysis on the numerical simulation data, and a mathematical model for predicting the maximum commutation half cycle under the influence of four factors was obtained. Through experiments, the mathematical model of the maximum commutation half cycle by the numerical simulation was verified. After introducing the wall heat loss correction coefficient, the complete prediction model of the maximum commutation half cycle was obtained. Comparing the experimental test value with the calculated value using the corrected model, the relative error was not more than 3%. The complete mathematical model corrected can be applied to the design calculation of the maximum commutation half cycle for thermal countercurrent oxidation of low‐concentration gas in actual coal mine ventilation.
3D Sight Distance Calculation and Estimation of its Effect on Road Accidents in GIS Environment
Authors: Sahaf Ali , Mohammadi Mostafa , Abdoli Ali
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, one of the main causes of human death is driving accidents. Across the world 1.2 million people die and several million people get injured annually as a result of road accidents. One of the main solutions that is important in resolving the problem of accidents is identifying the factors and their role and impact and the contribution of each in the accident. The stopping sight distance in the route is one of the initial factors in the driver’s performance error as well as the occurrence of an accident, financial losses, and deaths. The geometric design of roads is generally designed according to two‐dimensional rules and regulations. Hence, today, given the remarkable advances in computer science and programming, there are many possibilities for 3D modeling of the route. Therefore, the calculation of the stopping sight distance should be based on existing facts and new scientific achievements. On the contrary, the stopping sight distance is one of the factors affecting driving crashes; therefore, this paper tries to investigate the accident occurrence probability in other spots of the existing route by calculating 3D stopping sight distance and using drivers’ free flow speed, as well as using the GIS software. In this way, the results of this study can pave the way for improving the geometric design of existing roads as well as prioritizing the correction of the accidental points of existing routes.
College English Smart Classroom Teaching Model Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology in Mobile Information Systems
Authors: Zhang Xiaohua , Chen Lin
Published: October 2021

With the development of mobile information, artificial intelligence technology has developed rapidly, which is changing everything in our life. Meanwhile, smart education appeared and attracted much attention; however, there is still a lack of systematic discussion on how to take the road of artificial intelligence plus smart classroom. In order to promote the intelligent development of education, this article mainly talks about the application of artificial intelligence technology to college English smart classrooms. In the process of teaching, a new teaching model of college English smart classroom was designed, and the teaching model was carried out through the experimental class and the survey results of the students. The survey results show that students’ satisfaction with this teaching model is as high as 80%.
Vessel‐Bridge Collision Reliability Assessment Based on Structural Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Tao Fu , Xiaoqian Ren , Kai Wang
Published: October 2021

Reliability analysis of vessel‐bridge collision plays an important role in the construction of inland bridges. In this paper, a new method is proposed based on structural dynamic analysis. The random characteristics of three factors—impact angle, deadweight tonnage of vessels, and impact velocity—are considered. This method combines the method of moments with nonlinear dynamic finite element analysis, which can enhance the efficiency of calculating failure probability.
Development of the Interactive Rehabilitation Game System for Children with Autism Based on Game Psychology
Authors: Ma Xufeng , Yang Jianhua
Published: October 2021

Autism is a widespread neurodevelopmental disorder. The cause of autism is still unclear. Once it occurs, it will be accompanied for life. Intervention treatment is currently recognized as an effective method. With the rise of somatosensory technology, Kinect has gradually been applied to the field of autism rehabilitation with its natural human-computer interaction and game rehabilitation psychology. Because there is a great demand for autism rehabilitation training resources in China and the existing somatosensory rehabilitation equipment has some shortcomings, this study designed a set of somatosensory rehabilitation system for autistic children based on Kinect and carried out its rehabilitation effect with experimental demonstration. The specific research work mainly includes the following contents: first, aiming at the rehabilitation needs of children with autism, this article combines mainstream intervention treatment methods, using C# programming language and Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) development technology to develop Kinect-based somatosensory game modules. The somatosensory rehabilitation game involves the training of the language communication, behavioral movement, daily life, sensory integration, and other comprehensive abilities of children with autism, which improves the shortcomings of the previous rehabilitation training in the scope of intervention. A variety of game types and diversified game modes are designed to meet the individual needs of rehabilitation training for children with autism. Second, experiments were carried out to verify the rehabilitation effect of the system. Using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) scale as the rehabilitation effect evaluation tools of this system, the experimental subjects were divided into the experimental group and control group, and different comparative experiments were conducted, respectively. Through the analysis of the scoring data of the CARS, it is found that the comprehensive ability of the experimental group of children receiving somatosensory rehabilitation training is significantly improved. Through the analysis of the scoring data of the PEDI scale, it is found that the children’s language communication, behavioral activities, and daily life abilities of the experimental group have been significantly enhanced. This article focuses on the design of the somatosensory game module of the autistic somatosensory rehabilitation system and the analysis of the system’s rehabilitation effect. It satisfies the training and rehabilitation needs of children with autism and has strong practical significance.
Tongue Osseous Choristoma in an 11-Year-Old Female: A Case Report and Literature Review Focusing on Pediatric Cases
Authors: Arimoto Satomi , Shigeoka Manabu , Akashi Masaya
Published: October 2021

Osseous choristoma is an uncommon benign lesion characterized by the presence of ectopic mature bone within soft tissue. In most cases, these lesions occur on the dorsum of the tongue in patients in their third and fourth decades of life. This article describes a case of lingual osseous choristoma in a pediatric patient. An eleven-year-old girl with a lingual mass was referred to our hospital from a dental clinic. Total excisional biopsy and histological examination were performed, and osseous choristoma was diagnosed. The postoperative course was uneventful with no signs of recurrence during the 12 months after surgery. Moreover, a literature review focusing on pediatric cases with lingual osseous choristoma was performed to know the etiology, clinicopathological characteristics, and course of treatment of the lesion.
Comparing Cannabis Use Disorder in the General Population with Cannabis Treatment Seekers Using Multi-Source National Datasets: Who Receives Treatment?
Authors: Mongan Deirdre , Carew Anne Marie , O’Neill Derek , Millar Seán R. , Lyons Suzi , Galvin Brian , Smyth Bobby P.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Given the increased prevalence of cannabis use in Ireland and increase in cannabis potency, this study aimed to estimate the size of the potential population in Ireland that may be in need of cannabis treatment and the percentage of people with cannabis use disorder (CUD) who actually access treatment. We also compared the profile of those with CUD in the general population to those who receive treatment for their cannabis use to explore whether certain subgroups are more or less likely to enter treatment. Method: This was a retrospective, multi-source database study. Data were obtained from (1) Ireland’s 2014/2015 national general population survey (GPS) on drug use and (2) treatment data from the Irish National Drug Treatment Reporting System (NDTRS) for 2015. The profiles of GPS cases with CUD and NDTRS cases were compared using 2-sided t tests designed for independent samples. Results: The prevalence of last year cannabis use among adults aged 15 and older was 6.5% and the prevalence of CUD was 2.6%, representing 94,515 of the Irish population. A total of 4,761 cases entered treatment for problem cannabis use. NDTRS treatment cases were significantly more likely than GPS cases to be unemployed (63.7% vs. 26.6%) and have no or primary level only educational attainment (56.3% vs. 21.2%). Over half (53.3%) of NDTRS cases first used cannabis before the age of 15 years, compared to 14.7% of CUD cases in the population. Discussion/Conclusion: Our findings suggest that earlier users and those with more complex or disadvantaged lives are more likely to seek treatment. A broad population health approach that engages multiple sectors such as health, social welfare, and education is recommended to ensure that there is increased opportunity for people with CUD to be identified and signposted towards treatment.
The Predialysis Serum Sodium Level Modifies the Effect of Hemodialysis Frequency on Left-Ventricular Mass: The Frequent Hemodialysis Network Trials
Authors: Raimann Jochen G. , Chan Christopher T. , Daugirdas John T. , Depner Thomas , Greene Tom , Kaysen George A. , Kliger Alan S. , Kotanko Peter , Larive Brett , Beck Gerald , Lindsay Robert McGregor , Rocco Michael V. , Chertow Glenn M. , Levin Nathan W. ,   the Frequent Hemodialysis Network (FHN) Trial Group
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The Frequent Hemodialysis Network (FHN) Daily and Nocturnal trials aimed to compare the effects of hemodialysis (HD) given 6 versus 3 times per week. More frequent in-center HD significantly reduced left-ventricular mass (LVM), with more pronounced effects in patients with low urine volumes. In this study, we aimed to explore another potential effect modifier: the predialysis serum sodium (SNa) and related proxies of plasma tonicity. Methods: Using data from the FHN Daily and Nocturnal Trials, we compared the effects of frequent HD on LVM among patients stratified by SNa, dialysate-to-predialysis serum-sodium gradient (GNa), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, time-integrated sodium-adjusted fluid load (TIFL), and extracellular fluid volume estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Results: In 197 enrolled subjects in the FHN Daily Trial, the treatment effect of frequent HD on ∆LVM was modified by SNa. When the FHN Daily Trial participants are divided into lower and higher predialysis SNa groups (less and greater than 138 mEq/L), the LVM reduction in the lower group was substantially higher (−28.0 [95% CI −40.5 to −15.4] g) than in the higher predialysis SNa group (−2.0 [95% CI −15.5 to 11.5] g). Accounting for GNa, TIFL also showed more pronounced effects among patients with higher GNa or higher TIFL. Results in the Nocturnal Trial were similar in direction and magnitude but did not reach statistical significance. Discussion/Conclusion: In the FHN Daily Trial, the favorable effects of frequent HD on left-ventricular hypertrophy were more pronounced among patients with lower predialysis SNa and higher GNa and TIFL. Whether these metrics can be used to identify patients most likely to benefit from frequent HD or other dialytic or nondialytic interventions remains to be determined. Prospective, adequately powered studies studying the effect of GNa reduction on mortality and hospitalization are needed.
Routine Cancer Treatment Regimens and Its Impact on Fine Motor Dexterity in Breast Cancer
Authors: Grusdat Niklas Paul , Stäuber Alexander , Tolkmitt Marion , Schnabel Jens , Schubotz Birgit , Schulz Henry
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Breast cancer can be a major challenge for those affected. Knowledge of changes in fine motor dexterity in affected women due to routine cancer therapies can help guide effective support. Methods: For this prospective observational study, we collected data of 79 women with a mean age 54.6 ± 9.5 years prior to, after breast cancer therapy (T1), and at 3-month follow-up. The fine motor dexterity was assessed for 4 treatment subgroups: SC = Surgery + Chemotherapy, SCR = Surgery + Chemotherapy + Radiotherapy Therapy, SR = Surgery + Radiotherapy, and S = Surgery. Results: Over time, women with breast cancer showed significant decreases in fine motor dexterity across all treatment groups (p < 0.001). The strongest negative effect was seen in the treatment groups receiving additional chemotherapy. SCR group showed pronounced limitations for dominant hand (DH) −12%; non-dominant hand (NDH) −15%; both hands (BH) −17%; assembly (ASSY) −11% at T1. Significant interaction was noticeable in DH (F = 5.59, p < 0.001), NDH (F = 6.61, p < 0.001), BH (F = 13.11 p < 0.001), and ASSY (F = 5.84 p < 0.001). Discussion/Conclusion: Our study showed that the extent of change in fine motor dexterity depends on the treatment regimen. The detection of unmet care needs could help to personalize and optimize clinical and survivorship care. Based on our findings, multidisciplinary support initiated early in breast cancer therapy is required.
Advances in Pharmacotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A State-of-the-Art Review
Authors: Reiter Florian P. , Ben Khaled Najib , Ye Liangtao , Zhang Changhua , Seidensticker Max , op den Winkel Mark , Denk Gerald , Geier Andreas , De Toni Enrico N.
Published: October 2021

Background: Due to the number of emerging new treatment options, the systemic treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rapidly changing. We provide here an overview of the current landscape of systemic treatment of HCC and discuss its potential future development. Summary: HCC is a leading cause of tumor-related death worldwide. Despite the efforts aimed at reducing the prevalence of HCC through vaccination and antiviral treatment, and the implementation of screening programs for early tumor detection, most patients are diagnosed with or progress to advanced HCC. For approximately 10 years, sorafenib has been the only effective systemic treatment available for these patients. Recently, however, a number of new systemic compounds, comprising several multi-kinase inhibitors and immune-checkpoint inhibitors, have been approved for treatment of HCC. These new agents are opening a plethora of therapeutic options for the future therapy of HCC. Key Messages: The rapid progress in the treatment of HCC raises the question of the optimal combination and sequence of these agents in the treatment of patients with advanced disease. The substantial improvements in terms of objective response and survival indicate that the use of immune-checkpoint inhibitors-based treatment combinations may be extended to patients with intermediate-stage HCC.
The efficacy of multimodal intervention program on mental health states
Authors: Florendo Helena Baldonado , V. del Rosario Joseph
Published: October 2021

Filipino youths are the hope of Philippine society. However, cigarette smoking and binge drinking continually corrupt this aspiration. Mental health states interplay with the growing setback of substance consumption. The main objective of the study is to determine the efficacy of the multimodal intervention program among the participants in this study.  Specifically, it answers the following objectives: i) Develop an intervention program to address the high anxiety, mild depression, and normal self-esteem of the participants and ii) Determine the significant difference between the control group and the experimental group in the pre-test and post-test intervention measures. A matched-group experimental design was carried out among the participants who were randomly assigned to the control group and the experimental group.  There were forty participants who met the criteria set by the researchers.  When the multimodal intervention program was tested using t-test to analyze the findings at .05 level, it yielded significant results. Based on the findings of the study, the developed multimodal intervention program appeared to be effective. A follow-up study may be conducted to further test the efficacy.
Could coronavirus 2019-infected disease patients get cope with the treatment?: A qualitative study
Authors: Mendrofa Fery AM , Hani Umi , Nurhidayat Yuni
Published: October 2021

A pandemic of a novel coronavirus-infected disease is currently ongoing in the world. Most patients have to be isolated due to the treatments. This study aimed to make sense of how patients with coronavirus-infected disease understand and experience infectious isolation. The research used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Data collection was conducted with in-depth interviews of nine patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) confirmed who had been in the isolation room. The analysis was conducted on interview transcripts by organizing keywords found into categories, sub-themes, and themes based on Colaizzi's approach. The results indicated that the participants experienced fright due to the isolation and attempted to integrate their isolation experiences. Isolation highlighted a sense of threat posed by cross-infection, a threat that participants experienced as originating from others and from themselves to others. Participants described feeling changes experienced after several days of treatment. Participants reported various symptoms of the disease and received careful care while in isolation. They still communicate with family. Isolated patients are able to deal with the treatment by improving their coping strategies. Participants reported the most support from their families, even from a distance. Future research could explore experiences of isolation from family and staff perspectives and identify the psychological aspect in caring for the COVID-19 patients.
Lifestyle breast cancer patients among Indonesian women: A nationwide survey
Authors: Solikhah Solikhah , Setyawati Khairunnisaa Nuur Aliifah , Sangruangake Monthida
Published: October 2021

Recently, cancer is a major health problem in the world. Lifestyle changes and growing urbanization likely led to increasing breast cancer incidence in such in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore lifestyle breast cancer patients among Indonesian women. The investigation was a cross-sectional study distributed among 3,392 females drawn from 13 out of 27 provinces in Indonesia. Multiple binary logistic regressions were conducted to investigate breast cancer risk among Indonesian. A significance level of 0.05 was employed in all analysis. Of the 3,392 respondents included in the analysis, more than half (52.71%; n=1,788) was aged 40–49 years old. The most common marital status of the participants was married (98.20%; n=3,331), followed by no smoking (94.69%; n=3,212) and active exercise (62.12%; n=2,107). Education level was significantly associated with breast cancer (AdjOR_Junior high school=0.21; 95%CI=0.06 to 0.70; p<0.01 and AdjOR_senior high school=0.60; 95%CI=0.15 to 2.26; p<0.05). Education level was significantly related to breast cancer. Lifestyle such as smoking and physical activity was suspected to affect breast cancer indirectly.
Evaluation of sensitivity and spesitivity as COVID–19 screening method
Authors: Nurhesti Atikah , Solikhah Solikhah , Djannah Siti Nur
Published: October 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Antibody rapid test is one of the COVID-19 screening tests that can be used in the community. The accuracy of the rapid antibody methods needs to be appropriately assessed, it is necessary to carry out a diagnostic accuracy study using a pairwise sensitivity and specificity analysis. This research aimed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of COVID-19 rapid tests, also assesses positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the rapid antibody test as a method of screening for COVID-19 in Sleman Regency, Indonesia. In total, 118 respondents who have contact with COVID-19 patients and have symptoms were enrolled in this study. The study was conducted on 118 patients who had been in contact with confirmed COVID-19 118 patients who met the close contact criteria were conducted a rapid antibody test. 64.41% patients were reactive. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) as a gold standard was also carried out for all patients and 63.56% affirmed positive for COVID-19. The sensitivity value was 97.33%, and the specificity value was 93.02%, while the positive predictive value (NPP) was 96.05%, and the negative predictive value (NPN) was 95.24%. These results meet the minimum recommendations for the screening method.
Modeling and analyzing predictive monthly survival in females diagnosed with gynecological cancers
Authors: Samec Timothy , Seetan Raed
Published: October 2021

Cancer ranks as a leading cause of death worldwide; an estimated 1.7 million new diagnoses were reported in 2021. Ovarian cancer, the most lethal of gynecological malignancies, has no effective screening with over 70% of patients being diagnosed in an advanced stage. The aim of this study was to determine the most statistically significant contributing factors through a multivariate regression into the severity of female gynecological cancers. Data from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program (SEER) cancer database were utilized in this study. Several attempted multivariate linear regressions were implemented with further reduced models; however, a linear model could not be properly fit to the data. Because of unmet assumptions, a nonparametric moving, local regression, locally estimated scatterplot smoothing (LOESS), was performed. After smoothing factors were included to reduced-models, residual information was minimized although few conclusions can be drawn from the resulting statistics. These issues were prevalent mainly because of the massive variability in the data and inherent lack of linearity. This can be a significant issue with clinical data that does not dive deeper into cancer-dependent factors including genetic expression and cell surface receptor overexpression. General patient demographic data and diagnostic information alone does not provide enough detail to make a definite conclusion or prediction on patient survivability. Increased attention to the acquisition of tumor tissue for genomic and proteomic analysis in addition to next-generation sequencing methods can lead to significant improvements in prognostic predictions.
Positive conflict resolution behaviors in psychological health: Northern Cyprus sample
Authors: Hatun İsmail , Serin NergÜz Bulut
Published: October 2021

Conflicts are an inevitable part of school life, as in all areas of life, and minimizing the negative effects of conflicts and trying to develop constructive conflict resolution skills will positively contribute to human relations and mental health. The aimed of this study was to investigate the conflict resolution behaviors of secondary school students in terms of some psycho-social variables. The sample of the study was 6th, 7th and 8th grade students attending the state secondary schools of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The study was conducted with a total of 175 students of the students. The research was a descriptive study which is prepared by using quantitative research method which examines conflict resolution behaviors of secondary school students. The sample of the study was determined by non-random sampling method. In order to collect data, Conflict Resolution Behavior Determination Scale was used. In the analysis of the data; percentages, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-tests were used. As a result of the study, there was no significant difference according to the gender and grade level of the students. A significant difference was found according to their age, parental partnership status and success levels.
The perk of writing: How expressive writing reduces depressive symptoms
Authors: Xu Efendy , Tan Tara Yen Siang , Wang Hao , Wong Chen Sung , Chong KamYan , Prihadi Kususanto Ditto
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to examine types of expressive writing and the underlying themes that will lead to the reduction of depression symptoms. We hypothesized that positive experience writing will significantly reduce depressive symptoms as compared to other types of expressive writing. This study recruited 45 young adults (17 men, 28 women) between 20 and 28 years old to perform online expressive writing for a four-week period and fill in the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) before and after the treatment. Our findings suggested that positive expressive writing led to a significantly greater reduction of depressive symptoms as compared to other types of expressive writing. The qualitative analysis showed that there are eight common themes in positive writing that might contribute to the reduction of symptoms: companionship, mattering, gratitude, positive emotions, energetic, motivation, relaxation, and delicious food. Limitations and implications of the findings are discussed.
Implantação do laboratório de simulação clínica de uma escola médica no interior do nordeste brasileiro: reflexões sobre o processo
Authors: Araújo Hugo Wesley de , Santos Emanuelly Gomes Dário , Souza Gabriel Soares Dutra de , Baptista Vivianne Izabelle de Araújo , Carreiro Bruno Oliveira , Costa Raphael Raniere de Oliveira
Published: October 2021

Esse relato de experiência teve por objetivo descrever e refletir sobre o processo de implantação da simulação no Laboratório de Habilidades Clínicas e Simulação da Escola Multicampi de Ciências Médicas do Rio Grande do Norte (EMCM), bem como conjecturar sobre suas contribuições para a graduação de Medicina. No relato, foram resgatadas as vivências de estudantes e docentes da EMCM, descreve-se os cenários de prática, os recursos humanos, os simuladores, o público-alvo, as práticas simuladas, e as perspectivas para o futuro. Espera-se que a implantação do Laboratório de Habilidades Clínicas e Simulação possa fortalecer o processo de interiorização do ensino da Medicina e o compromisso da EMCM no cenário da Educação Médica, formando médicos com capacidade para transformar a realidade local, melhorando os indicadores de saúde e exercendo a profissão com destreza e dedicação.
Artrogripose Múltipla Congênita: relato de dois casos
Authors: Oliveira Dagna Karen , Fernandes Bruna , Anjos Amanda Alencar , Dal'Negro Sadana Hillary , Banovski Dyayne Carla , Ferreira Bárbara Louise , Freitas Victoria Gimenes , Futagami Renata Bragato
Published: October 2021

A Artrogripose Múltipla Congênita (AMC) é uma síndrome rara, que representa um grupo de condições congênitas caracterizado por contraturas articulares em duas ou mais articulações, não progressivas, geralmente simétricas, de etiologia desconhecida e que pode estar associada a outras malformações, como viscerais e neurológicas. Apresentamos dois casos isolados com achados característicos de AMC, atendidos em ambulatório de pediatria de alto risco de uma cidade do Oeste do Paraná. Caso 1: lactente, sexo feminino, 14 dias de vida, com redução dos movimentos fetais referidos pela mãe, apresentando malformações envolvendo somente os membros, visualizadas logo após o nascimento.Caso 2: lactente, sexo masculino, quatro meses de vida, com diagnóstico de hipocinesia fetal ao ultrassom obstétrico de 23 semanas, ao nascimento apresenta contraturas dos membros e disfunção do sistema nervoso central. O diagnóstico da artrogripose é complexo e essencialmente clínico, sendo necessária uma anamnese meticulosa, contemplando uma avaliação da gestação, via de parto, história familiar e um exame físico minucioso, classificando quais os tipos de contraturas, membros envolvidos, presença de musculatura alterada e de alterações neurológicas, a fim de diferenciar a AMC das outras síndromes que também cursam com contraturas articulares. O seguimento e tratamento dos lactentes com artrogripose devem ocorrer em acompanhamento multidisciplinar devido às variadas manifestações que a doença pode apresentar e à característica de recidiva ao longo dos anos.
Potential targets for the hepatitis C virus-mediated autoimmune thyroiditis
Authors: Andrade Luis Jesuino Oliveira , Oliveira Luisa Correia Matos de , Oliveira Gabriela Correia Matos de
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The mechanisms by which hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection induces autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) have been studied, and it was suggested that inflammatory cytokines during HCV infection would change the thyroperoxidase (TPO) signaling cascade and thyroglobulin (Tg) determining autoimmune thyroid disease.Objective: To show the signaling pathway, of TPO and Tg, and their potential targets mediated HCV in individuals with hepatitis C.Methods: The mapping of the signaling pathway was based on a review study approach and performed using the automatic annotation server of the Kyoto and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG). PathVisio is free software for analysis and design of open source routes, and was used for the graphic representation of the signaling pathway.Results: The contigs were extracted from the KEGG database and their mapped transcription represents the signaling pathway of the main biomolecules that triggers the AIT. The action of HCV, or its treatment can trigger AIT that is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against TPO and Tg. In AIT, autoreactive CD4 + T lymphocytes recruit B cells and CD8 + T cells in the thyroid. The progression of the disease leads to the death of thyroid cellsand hypothyroidism.Conclusion: HCV or its treatment activates several signaling pathways with thyroid cells damage resulting in AIT and secondary hypothyroidism to cellular apoptosis.
Criação e Implantação de Programa de Mestrado Profissional vinculado à Residência Médica: a experiência da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo
Authors: Del Ben Cristina Marta , Bollela Valdes Roberto , Carlotti Ana Paula de Carvalho Panzeri , Santos Luciane Loures dos , Engel Edgard Eduard , Joviliano Edwaldo Edner , Furtado João Marcello , Silva Júlio César  Rosa e
Published: October 2021

A prática assistencial em saúde apresenta desafios crescentes, exigindo do médico o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências diversificadas que facilitem a sua atuação qualificada. A reflexão crítica e a autonomia no gerenciamento da prática profissional exigem do médico domínio de fundamentos de metodologia científica, o que nem sempre é contemplado nas matrizes curriculares dos programas de residência médica, por seu caráter de treinamento em serviço. Visando suprir essa lacuna na formação médica, foi instituído, na Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FMRP-USP), um programa de pós-graduação stricto senso (mestrado profissional) vinculado a programas de pós-graduação lato sensu (residência médica e estágios de complementação especializada) do Hospital das Clínicas da FMRP-USP. Este relato de experiência destina-se à apresentação do racional e dos processos para a implantação do Programa de Pós-Graduação “Mestrado Profissional em Medicina” da FMRP-USP, bem como seus objetivos, público-alvo e perfil do egresso. Espera-se que este relato contribua para a reflexão a respeito dos diferentes componentes e da complexidade da formação médica.