bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RIFKI MELÛL MERİÇ’İN YAYIMLANMAMIŞ RUBAİLERİ
Authors: Dinçer Fatih
Published: February 2018

Cumhuriyet dönemi Türk edebiyatında, kaleme aldığı şiirleriyle öne çıkan
isimlerden biri olan Rıfkı Melûl Meriç, klâsik edebiyatın sıklıkla kullanılan
rubai nazım şeklinde de epeyce eser vermiştir. Türk süsleme sanatları ve Türk
mimarisiyle yakından ilgili olan Meriç, klâsik şiir estetiğine vakıf oluşunu
yazdıklarıyla ortaya koymuş bir şairdir. Gazel, kaside, tahmis, tarih, sone
gibi nazım şekillerinde eser veren ve şiirlerinin bir kısmını İnkırâz (1928) adlı eseriyle kitaplaştıran
şairin, bu şiir kitabına girmeyen çok sayıda rubaisi olduğu söylenegelmiştir.
Kitaplaşmamış rubailerinin bir kısmı Rubaiyyât-ı
Melûl (1951) adıyla Hilmi Ziya Ülken tarafından yayımlanmıştır. Onun
rubailerinin bir kısmı da Muhtar Tevfikoğlu tarafından önce Türk Kültürü dergisinde ve sonrasında Rıfkı Melûl Meriç (1986) adlı
biyografisinde diğer şiirleriyle birlikte yayımlanmak suretiyle gün yüzüne
çıkarılmıştır. Bununla birlikte şairin birçok şiirinin kaybolduğu yahut dağınık
bir hâlde dostlarının yakınlarının elinde olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada,
şaire ait olduğu tespit edilen rubailer üzerinden onun şiir anlayışı ve şiirlerinin
konu çerçevesi incelenecektir. Rıfkı Melûl Meriç’in şiir kitaplarında,
dergilerde yer almayan rubaileri üzerinde durulacak ve bu rubailere yer
verilecektir.
Pemberdayaan Kelompok Karang Taruna dalam Program Pembenihan Ikan Lele Secara Intensif
Authors: Suwarsito Suwarsito , Mustafidah Hindayati
Published: February 2018

Program IbM ini ditujukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan kelompok pembudidaya ikan di Desa Gandatapa, Kecamatan Sumbang, Kabupaten Banyumas dalam membudidayakan ikan lele dumbo secara intensif, mulai dari pembenihan, pembesaran, pembuatan pakan ikan berbahan baku lokal, sampai manajemen usaha. Kelompok sasaran program IbM adalah kelompok pembudidaya ikan (Karang Taruna dan Majelis Ta’lim Ranting Muhammadiyah Desa Gandatapa). Metode yang digunakan dalam realisasi program IbM adalah pelatihan, penerapan hasil penelitian, dan praktek langsung. Pelatihan yang dilakukan meliputi pemijahan induk ikan lele dumbo menggunakan teknologi kawin suntik (induce breeding), pelatihan pemeliharaan benih ikan menggunakan sistem inkubator, pelatihan penyusunan formula pakan ikan menggunakan software Fuzzy Expert System (FES), pelatihan pembuatan pakan ikan berbahan baku lokal, dan pelatihan kewirausahan. Sedangkan metode pendekatan pelaksanaan IbM melalui tatap muka, sosialisasi program, pembimbingan, pendampingan, pembinaan, dan kemitraan dengan kelompok pembudidaya ikan. Hasil kegiatan IbM adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kelompok pembudidaya ikan dalam melakukan pemijahan induk ikan lele dumbo menggunakan teknologi kawin suntik (induce breeding), pemeliharaan larva ikan menggunakan sistem inkubator, penyusunan formula pakan ikan menggunakan software Fuzzy Expert System (FES), pembuatan pakan ikan berbahan baku lokal, dan manajemen usaha. Luaran progrma IbM yang dihasilkan adalah ikan lele ukuran konsumsi (150 -200 gram per ekor), benih ikan lele ukuran 3 - 4 cm, dan pakan ikan berbahan baku lokal dengan kandungan protein 25%. Kata-kata kunci: bahan baku lokal, formula pakan ikan, Fuzzy Expert System, pakan ikan, induce breeding
Peningkatan Mutu Layanan Pesantren Pemberdayaan Lansia “Mukti Mulia”
Authors: Wiyono Gendro , Nugroho Prayekti , MM Mujino
Published: February 2018

Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah Peningkatan Mutu Layanan Pesantren Pemberdayaan Lansia Mukti Mulia yang berlokasi di Padukuhan Bakungan, Desa Wedomartani Kecamatan Ngemplak Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Jumlah penduduk Bakungan 1.151 jiwa, sebanyak 24 % merupakan penduduk usia pra-lansia dan lansia. Seiring pertambahan usia, lansia mengalami kemunduran fisik dan mental yang menimbulkan banyak konsekuensi (Risdianto:2009; Indra: 2010), pendengaran menurun, penglihatan kabur, dan kekuatan fisikpun mulai melemah. Kehidupan yang harus dilalui manusia merupakan keadaan komplek tidak hanya faktor bilogis, tetapi juga faktor psikologis dan sosial (Kusumowardani, Aniek:2014). Melihat kenyataan ini, maka RT-01 sampai dengan RT-05 di Padukuhan Bakungan membentuk Pesantren Pemberdayaan lansia diberi nama “Mukti Mulia” dengan tujuan: (1).Mendukung tercapainya umur harapan hidup secara nasional 70-80 tahun; (2).Membantu meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia. Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi:(1).Senam dan jalan sehat; (2).Syi’iran dan asmaulhusna; (3).Pengajian; (4).Pemeriksaan kesehatan; (5).Iqra; (6).Tabinruta; (7).Tabungan infak rumah; (8).Pemberian makanan tambahan; (9).Manasik haji; (10).Pelatihan perawatan jenazah. Kegiatan seperti ini dilakukan secara rutin setiap hari ahad minggu pertama dan minggu kedua setiap bulan. Guna mengatasi permasalahan mitra tersebut maka ditawarkan solusi untuk menata ulang lingkungannya serta melengkapinya dengan tenda serta sound system yang memadai sehingga kegiatan dapat berjalan dengan lancar dan menyenangkan sebagai upaya meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia (Yenny Marlina:2013). Solusi yang diberikan ini merupakan kegiatan peningkatan mutu layanan yang mendapatkan respon positip dari para lansia peserta pesantren serta memberikan dorongan untuk melaksanakan kegiatan ini secara rutin dan bermakna, sehingga tujuan dapat tercapai.
Analisis Dominasi Penggunaan Lahan Kekotaan dan Kedesaan di Kecamatan Kembaran
Authors: Shalihati Sakinah Fathrunnadi , Sutomo Sutomo , Suwarno Suwarno
Published: February 2018

Kecamatan Kembaran merupakan salah satu kecamatan di Kabupaten Banyumas yang sedang mengalami perkembangan wilayah yang cukup pesat. Seperti yang telah ditemukan dalam penelitian Sutomo dan Shalihati Tahun 2014 menunjukkan bahwa Desa Dukuh Waluh salah satu desa di Kecamatan Kembaran mengalami transformasi wilayah yang tinggi nampak dari terjadinya perubahan jumlah infrastruktur yang semakin meningkat selama 10 tahun terakhir. Jumlah infrastruktur yang semakin meningkat tentu memberikan dampak terjadinya penambahan lahan terbangun diwilayah tersebut. Untuk itu penelitian yang diusulkan saat ini merupakan tindak lanjut dari penelitian tersebut, yang diharapkan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana dominasi penggunaan lahan kekotaan dan kedesaan serta termasuk apa saja desa-desa di Kecamatan Kembaran dalam ketentuan subzone Urban/Ural/Rural menurut Yunus (2000). Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data primer dan sekunder dengan menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG). Menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif untuk Menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif untuk: 1. Analisis dominasi penggunaan lahan kekotaan dan kedesaan di Kecamatan Kembaran, 2. Analisis kategori desa-desa di Kecamatan Kembaran dalam ketentuan subzone Urban/Ural/Rural menurut Yunus (2000). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dominasi penggunaan lahan kekotaan dan kedesaan di Kecamatan Kembaran menunjukkan bahwa terdapat desa dengan dominasi penggunaan lahan kekotaan mencapai 48.06% dari luas wilayah desanya,, yaitu Desa Dukuh Waluh, namun ada pula desa dengan penggunaan lahan kekotaan 16.29% dari luas wilayah desanya yaitu Desa Sambeng Kulon. Sedangkan dari hasil meninjau persentase penggunaan lahan kekotaan dan kedesaan sekaligus persentase jarak dari daerah Kota Purwokerto ke desa-desa di Kecamatan Kembaran, maka menurut Model Segitiga Penggunaan Lahan Desa-Kota masuk pada subzone Urban Fringe.
Aktivitas Antiobesitas Ekstrak Daun Katuk (Sauropus androgynus L.Merr) Pada Model Mencit Obesitas
Authors: Patonah Patonah , Susilawati Elis , Riduan Ahmad
Published: February 2018

Obesitas merupakan suatu kondisi terjadinya akumulasi lemak yang berlebih dalam tubuh. Obesitas merupakan faktor resiko hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, gangguan jantung dan penyakit pembuluh darah lainnya. Upaya menurunkan obesitas dapat menurunkan resiko penyakit tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktifitas antiobesitas ekstrak daun katuk (Sauropus androgynus L.Merr) pada model mencit swiss Webster obesitas. Sebanyak 30 ekor mencit dikelompokkan secara acak menjadi 6 kelompok  yaitu kelompok normal (menerima pembawa obat), induksi (menerima pembawa obat), pembanding (menerima orlistat 15,6 mg/Kg ), dan 3 kelompok menerima ekstrak daun katuk dosis 100, 200, 400 mg/kg. Semua kelompok (kecuali kelompok normal) diinduksi obesitas dengan fruktosa dan makanan tinggi lemak selama 21 hari. Parameter yang diukur adalah bobot badan, indeks makanan, indeks feses, indeks organ, dan indeks lemak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara penurunan bobot badan kelompok perlakuan yang diberi ekstrak daun katuk terhadap kelompok induksi (p<0.05). Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun katuk mempunyai aktivitas antiobesitas dan ekstrak terbaik dalam menurunkan bobot badan adalah ekstrak daun katuk 400 mg/Kg . Obesity is a condition an over-accumulating of lipids in the body. The weight over than 20 % from normal weight is called obese. The main cause of obesity is the unbalance intakes and outputs of lipids in the body. Obesity is a risk factor for hypertension, diabetes, heart failure and other vascular diseases.The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of katuk leaves extracts (Sauropus androgynus L.Merr) as antiobesity on Swiss Webster mice models of obesity. A total of 30 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups and 5 mice contains each group, normal, induction, the comparator (orlistat 15.6 mg / Kg), katuk leaves extract 100, 200, and 400 mg/Kg. Parameters measured were body weight, food index, feces index, organ index and fat index. Results showed that there were significant differences in weight loss parameters between treatment groups were given the katuk leaves extract compare to the control group (p<0.05). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the katuk leaves extract has antiobesity activity and the best extract as antiobesity was katuk leaves extract dose of 400 mg / Kg.
Tarihi Yarımada’daki Roma ve Bizans Dönemi Sarnıçları
Authors: GÜNGÖR Selim Sani
Published: February 2018

Sarnıçlar,
yağmur sularını biriktirmek için genellikle toprak altına yapılan, duvarları
özel harçlarla sıvalı, su depolarıdır. İnsanlığın tarih boyunca baş etmek
zorunda kaldığın problemlerin başında gelen susuzluk veya suya erişim zorluğu
dünyanın muhtelif yerlerinde ve farklı tekniklerde sarnıçların yapılmasını
zorunlu kılmıştır.

Birçok şehrin meselesi olan susuzluk problemi,
İstanbul’un da antik dönemlerden beri yüz yüze olduğu sorunlardan biridir. Tarihsel
süreç boyunca nüfusun çoğalmasına karşın su kaynaklarının yetersiz olması,
şehir dışından suyun taşınması ve depolanması ihtiyacını doğurmuş, özellikle
Roma ve Bizans dönemlerinde çok sayıda sarnıç, şehrin mimarlık envanterine
kazandırılmıştır. Bu noktadan hareketle, çalışmamızda İstanbul Tarihi Yarımada’da
bulunan sarnıçlar için, kütüphane ve arşiv çalışması yapılmıştır. Daha sonra Tarihi
Yarımada’daki sarnıçlar yerinde tespit edilmiş, günümüzdeki durumları belgeleme
ve fotoğraflama metodu ile kayıt altına alınmıştır. Tarihi Yarımada  sarnıçlarına ilişkin bu makalede; sarnıçların
tarihsel geçmişi tetkik edilerek, yarımadada bulunan, ancak yayınlarda çok
fazla ele alınmamış olan on iki sarnıç detaylı olarak incelenmiştir.  Böylece bu çalışma ile söz konusu literatüre
katkı sağlamak hedeflenmiştir.
Increased All-Cause Mortality by Antipsychotic Drugs: Updated Review and Meta-Analysis in Dementia and General Mental Health Care
Authors: Ralph Stephen J. , Espinet Anthony J.
Published: February 2018

It is almost ten years since the Banerjee 2009 report established that inappropriate prescribing of antipsychotics in the elderly was occurring in the UK and such patients had an 85% increased risk of adverse events and greater mortality. This report was a critical analysis addressing the outcomes of treatment practices for dementia in UK patients and globally, aimed at reducing prescribing of antipsychotic drugs for dementia. Since 2009, many significant studies worldwide (including several more recent large retrospective studies) provide more extensive longitudinal data for the adverse impacts of antipsychotic drugs in dementia. We have used the data in these studies including from over 380,000 dementia patients, with 85,069 prescribed antipsychotic agents as well as from 359,235 non-dementia antipsychotic drug users to provide an up-dated meta-analysis. This is the first meta-analysis to include evidence from general mental health studies showing that antipsychotic drugs precipitate excessive mortality across the spectrum. Prescribing of antipsychotic drugs for dementia or for other mental health care should be avoided and alternative means sought for handling behavioral disorders of such patients.
Parabolic transmission eigenvalue-free regions in the degenerate isotropic case
Authors: Vodev Georgi
Published: February 2018

We study the location of the transmission eigenvalues in the isotropic case when the restrictions of the refraction indices on the boundary coincide. Under some natural conditions we show that there exist parabolic transmission eigenvalue-free regions.
On a trigonometric inequality of Askey and Steinig
Authors: Alzer Horst , Kwong Man Kam
Published: February 2018

In 1974, Askey and Steinig showed that for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] We prove that [Formula: see text] and that the alternating sums [Formula: see text] satisfy [Formula: see text] Both inequalities hold for all [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The constant lower bounds given in ( 0.1 ) and ( 0.2 ) are best possible. The asymptotic behaviour of both sums is also investigated.
Altered Expression of Urea Cycle Enzymes in Amyloid-β Protein Precursor Overexpressing PC12 Cells and in Sporadic Alzheimer’s Disease Brain
Authors: Jęśko Henryk , Lukiw Walter J. , Wilkaniec Anna , Cieślik Magdalena , Gąssowska-Dobrowolska Magdalena , Murawska Emilia , Hilgier Wojciech , Adamczyk Agata
Published: February 2018

Urea cycle enzymes may play important yet poorly characterized roles in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Our previous results showed that amyloid-β (Aβ) affects urea cycle enzymes in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes in arginases, other urea cycle enzymes, and nitric oxide synthases ( NOSs) in PC12 cells transfected with AβPP bearing the double ‘Swedish’ mutation ( APPsw, K670M/N671L) and in postmortem sporadic AD brain hippocampus; the mutation intensifies Aβ production and strongly associates with AD neuropathology. mRNA expression was analyzed using real-time PCR in cell cultures and DNA microarrays in hippocampal CA1 area of human AD brains. Arginase activity was measured spectrophotometrically, and arginine, ornithine, and citrulline levels by high-performance liquid chromatography. Our data demonstrated that the expression and activity of arginases ( Arg1 and Arg2), as well as the expression of argininosuccinate synthase ( Ass) were significantly reduced in APPsw cells compared to control. However, argininosuccinate lyase ( Asl) was upregulated in APPsw cells. Real-time PCR analysis revealed significant elevation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase ( Nnos) mRNA in APPsw cells, without changes in the endothelial Enos, whereas inducible Inos was undetectable. The changes were found to follow closely those observed in the human hippocampal CA1 region of sporadic AD brains. The changes in enzyme expression were accompanied in APPsw cells by significantly elevated citrulline, ornithine, and arginine. Our findings demonstrate that AβPP/Aβ alters arginine metabolism and induces a shift of cellular homeostasis that may support the oxidative/nitrosative stress observed in AD.
Is There a Characteristic Clinical Profile for Patients with Dementia and Sundown Syndrome?
Authors: Angulo Sevilla David , Carreras Rodríguez María Teresa , Heredia Rodríguez Patricia , Fernández Sánchez Marisa , Vivancos Mora José Aurelio , Gago-Veiga Ana Beatriz
Published: February 2018

Background:

Sundown syndrome (SS) is the onset or worsening of behavioral symptoms in the evening in patients with dementia.

Objective:

To identify the differential clinical profile of patients with dementia who present SS.

Methods:

A cross-sectional, case-control observational study was conducted by retrospectively reviewing the medical records of patients with dementia in a specialized Memory Unit. We compared the characteristics of patients with and without SS, including sociodemographic variables, etiology, and severity of the dementia, behavioral symptoms, sleep disorders (considering insomnia and hypersomnia), other diseases and treatments employed. We identified the factors related to SS and conducted a logistic regression analysis to establish a predictive nomogram.

Results:

Of the 216 study patients with dementia, 41 (19%) had SS. There was a predominance of women (2.4:1), advanced age ( p = 0.0001), dependence ( p < 0.0001), institutionalization ( p < 0.0001), caregiver burden ( p < 0.0001), anxiety ( p < 0.0001), delirium ( p < 0.0001), hallucinations ( p < 0.0001), wandering ( p < 0.0001), Lewy body dementia ( p = 0.05), higher Global Deterioration Scale score (GDS; p < 0.0001), and sleep disorders ( p < 0.0001). The multivariate analysis revealed that age ( p = 0.048), GDS score ( p = 0.01), and the presence of insomnia or hypersomnia ( p < 0.0001) independently defined the presence of SS. We established a predictive nomogram for developing SS in patients with dementia, with a predictive capacity of 80.1%.

Conclusion:

In our study, age, a higher score on the GDS, and the presence of insomnia or hypersomnia are differential clinical characteristics of patients with SS. We defined a nomogram that helps predicting the occurrence of SS in patients with dementia.
Multi-Parametric Classification of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: The Impact of Diverse Cerebrovascular Injury Biomarkers
Authors: Lang Brittany , Kindy Mark S. , Kozel F. Andrew , Schultz Susan K. , Taheri Saeid
Published: February 2018

Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is a diagnostic term applied to cognitively impaired individuals with heterogeneous cerebrovascular conditions affecting large and/or small vessels. Individual biomarkers have been identified as instrumental in relating VCID to specific underlying pathologies to better characterize this syndrome. Emerging research to refine panels of biomarkers will increase classification sensitivity and specificity. Refined VCID clustering based on the severity and pathology of vascular injury will permit the development of optimal prevention and treatment strategies. Here, we review recently reported data concerning the diversity of VCID-related pathology and attempts for VCID clustering based on biomarkers obtained from different sets of measurements. We discuss three major sets of biomarkers: 1) neuroimaging biomarkers, 2) neuropsychological performance measures, and 3) biochemical markers in current VCID clustering. Finally, we highlight the effect of blood-brain barrier health on cerebrovascular disease trajectory.
Reproducibility of Alzheimer’s Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid-Biomarker Measurements under Clinical Routine Conditions
Authors: Vogelgsang Jonathan , Wedekind Dirk , Bouter Caroline , Klafki Hans-W. , Wiltfang Jens
Published: February 2018

Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is one of the key tools for the state-of-the-art differential diagnosis of dementias. Dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by elevated CSF levels of total Tau (tTau) and phospho-181-Tau (pTau) and low CSF amyloid-β42 (Aβ42). Discrepancies in the laboratory analysis of human materials are well known and much effort has been put into harmonization procedures. In this study, we measured CSF biomarkers of more than 100 patients obtained under clinical routine conditions in two different clinical laboratories. The CSF biomarker levels obtained from the two different sites were significantly correlated: R2 = 0.7129 (tTau, p < 0.001), 0.7914 (pTau, p < 0.001), 0.5078 (Aβ42, p < 0.001), 0.5739 (Aβ40, p < 0.001), and 0.4308 (Aβ42/40, p < 0.001). However, the diagnostic classifications of the Aβ42, tTau, and pTau levels of identical subjects into normal versus pathological range made by the two different sites showed substantial discrepancies (31.5%, 29.6%, and 25.0% discordant cases, respectively). Applying Aβ42/40, instead of CSF Aβ42 alone, lead to a reduction of the discordant cases to 16.8%. Our findings suggest that CSF Aβ42/40 can outperform Aβ42 as a biomarker for AD neuropathology, not only under well-controlled study conditions but also in real life clinical routine. Thus, we recommend the inclusion of Aβ42/40 as a CSF biomarker in the diagnostic procedure.
Frontal Cortex Epigenetic Dysregulation During the Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Mahady Laura , Nadeem Muhammad , Malek-Ahmadi Michael , Chen Kewei , Perez Sylvia E. , Mufson Elliott J.
Published: February 2018

Although the frontal cortex plays an important role in cognitive function and undergoes neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the factors driving these cellular alterations remain unknown. Recent studies suggest that alterations in epigenetic regulation play a pivotal role in this process in AD. We evaluated frontal cortex histone deacetylase (HDAC) and sirtuin (SIRT) levels in tissue obtained from subjects with a premortem diagnosis of no-cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mild to moderate AD (mAD), and severe AD (sAD) using quantitative western blotting. Immunoblots revealed significant increases in HDAC1 and HDAC3 in MCI and mAD, followed by a decrease in sAD compared to NCI. HDAC2 levels remained stable across clinical groups. HDAC4 was significantly increased in MCI and mAD, but not in sAD compared to NCI. HDAC6 significantly increased during disease progression, while SIRT1 decreased in MCI, mAD, and sAD compared to NCI. HDAC1 levels negatively correlated with perceptual speed, while SIRT1 positively correlated with perceptual speed, episodic memory, global cognitive score, and Mini-Mental State Examination. HDAC1 positively, while SIRT1 negatively correlated with cortical neurofibrillary tangle counts. These findings suggest that dysregulation of epigenetic proteins contribute to neuronal dysfunction and cognitive decline in the early stage of AD.
Assembling Typical Meteorological Year Data Sets for Building Energy Performance Using Reanalysis and Satellite-Based Data
Authors: Huld Thomas , Paietta Elena , Zangheri Paolo , Pinedo Pascua Irene
Published: February 2018

We present a method to generate Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) data sets for use in calculations of the energy performance of buildings, based on satellite derived solar radiation data and other meteorological parameters obtained from reanalysis products. The great advantage of this method is the availability of data over large geographical regions, giving global coverage for the reanalysis and continental-scale coverage for the solar radiation data, making it possible to generate TMY data for nearly any location, independent of the availability of meteorological measurement stations in the area. The TMY data generated with this method have been validated against 487 meteorological stations in Europe, by calculating heating and cooling degree days, and by running building energy performance simulations using EnergyPlus. Results show that the generated data sets using a long time series perform better than the TMY data generated from station measurements for building heating calculations and nearly as well for cooling calculations, with relative standard deviations remaining below 6% for heating calculations. TMY data constructed using the proposed method yield somewhat larger deviations compared to TMY data constructed from station data. We outline a number of possibilities for further improvement using data sets that will become available in the near future.
The Centelles’ Palace of Oliva: The Recovery of Architectural Heritage through Its Plundering
Authors: Martínez-Moya Joaquín
Published: February 2018

At the beginning of the 20th century, the Danish architects Egil Fischer and Vilhelm Lauritzen carried out a rigorous graphic documentary study of one of the most important late-Gothic—Renaissance palaces in the Kingdom of Valencia, the Centelles’ Palace of Oliva, with the aim of later taking many of its architectural elements to Denmark. After numerous complaints, the Palace was declared a National Monument in 1920 and the exportation of its pieces was suspended. In 1932, due to heavy rain, a part of the Palace collapsed. The Spanish Civil War increased the deterioration of the Palace, and after some attempts to retrieve it, the remains of the Palace were demolished in the 1950s, and all traces of this large building disappeared with them. Thanks to the graphic documentation carried out by Danish architects, today we are able to know and study this Palace of great cultural and patrimonial interest, which has now almost completely disappeared. The work carried out by these architects, far from destroying the Palace, has helped to preserve it through this graphic legacy which allows us to carry out a highly detailed graphical restoration of many of its elements, as well as a hypothetical physical restitution of them.
Integrin Inhibitors in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Juan-Rivera Maylein , Martínez-Ferrer Magaly
Published: February 2018

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the third highest cause of cancer-related deaths in men in the U.S. The development of chemotherapeutic agents that can bind PCa tumor cells with high specificity is critical in order to increase treatment effectiveness. Integrin receptors and their corresponding ligands have different expression patterns in PCa cells. They have been identified as promising targets to inhibit pathways involved in PCa progression. Currently, several compounds have proven to target specific integrins and their subunits in PCa cells. In this article, we review the role of integrins inhibitors in PCa and their potential as therapeutic targets for PCa treatments. We have discussed the following: natural compounds, monoclonal antibodies, statins, campothecins analog, aptamers, d-aminoacid, and snake venom. Recent studies have shown that their mechanisms of action result in decrease cell migration, cell invasion, cell proliferation, and metastasis of PCa cells.
Low-Temperature Lattice Effects in the Spin-Liquid Candidate κ-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu2(CN)3
Authors: Manna Rudra , Hartmann Steffi , Gati Elena , Schlueter John , De Souza Mariano , Lang Michael
Published: February 2018

The quasi-two-dimensional organic charge-transfer salt κ -(BEDT-TTF) 2 Cu 2 (CN) 3 is one of the prime candidates for a quantum spin-liquid due the strong spin frustration of its anisotropic triangular lattice in combination with its proximity to the Mott transition. Despite intensive investigations of the material’s low-temperature properties, several important questions remain to be answered. Particularly puzzling are the 6 K anomaly and the enigmatic effects observed in magnetic fields. Here we report on low-temperature measurements of lattice effects which were shown to be particularly strongly pronounced in this material (R. S. Manna et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 2010, 104, 016403)). A special focus of our study lies on sample-to-sample variations of these effects and their implications on the interpretation of experimental data. By investigating overall nine single crystals from two different batches, we can state that there are considerable differences in the size of the second-order phase transition anomaly around 6 K, varying within a factor of 3. In addition, we find field-induced anomalies giving rise to pronounced features in the sample length for two out of these nine crystals for temperatures T < 9 K. We tentatively assign the latter effects to B-induced magnetic clusters suspected to nucleate around crystal imperfections. These B-induced effects are absent for the crystals where the 6 K anomaly is most strongly pronounced. The large lattice effects observed at 6 K are consistent with proposed pairing instabilities of fermionic excitations breaking the lattice symmetry. The strong sample-to-sample variation in the size of the phase transition anomaly suggests that the conversion of the fermions to bosons at the instability is only partial and to some extent influenced by not yet identified sample-specific parameters.
Coupling between Spin and Charge Order Driven by Magnetic Field in Triangular Ising System LuFe2O4+δ
Authors: Ding Lei , Orlandi Fabio , Khalyavin Dmitry , Boothroyd Andrew , Prabhakaran Dharmalingam , Balakrishnan Geetha , Manuel Pascal
Published: February 2018

We present a study of the magnetic-field effect on spin correlations in the charge ordered triangular Ising system LuFe2O4+δ through single crystal neutron diffraction. In the absence of a magnetic field, the strong diffuse neutron scattering observed below the Neel temperature (TN = 240 K) indicates that LuFe2O4+δ shows short-range, two-dimensional (2D) correlations in the FeO5 triangular layers, characterized by the development of a magnetic scattering rod along the 1/3 1/3 L direction, persisting down to 5 K. We also found that on top of the 2D correlations, a long range ferromagnetic component associated with the propagation vector k1 = 0 sets in at around 240 K. On the other hand, an external magnetic field applied along the c-axis effectively favours a three-dimensional (3D) spin correlation between the FeO5 bilayers evidenced by the increase of the intensity of satellite reflections with propagation vector k2 = (1/3, 1/3, 3/2). This magnetic modulation is identical to the charge ordered superstructure, highlighting the field-promoted coupling between the spin and charge degrees of freedom. Formation of the 3D spin correlations suppresses both the rod-type diffuse scattering and the k1 component. Simple symmetry-based arguments provide a natural explanation of the observed phenomenon and put forward a possible charge redistribution in the applied magnetic field.
Socially Challenged Collaborative Learning of Secondary School Students in Singapore
Authors: Pang Christopher , Lau Jesslyn , Seah Chong , Cheong Linda , Low Audrey
Published: February 2018

Using a grounded theory research design, this paper examined the collaborative learning experiences of secondary school students in Singapore. The core phenomenon that emerged was the need for social interactions in collaborative learning, both in classroom and online settings. Educators often take for granted that effective collaborative learning will occur naturally once students are assigned to work in groups. In examining students’ dissatisfaction when working in groups, this study highlighted the importance of surfacing these hidden assumptions for careful scrutiny. The key factors identified were centered on the need to address social challenges within collaborative learning. These included a pragmatic, results-oriented approach with limited interpersonal engagement used by students that can compromise collaborative learning outcomes. Having a deeper understanding of the challenges that resulted from limited social interactions provides educators with insights when designing classroom and online learning activities. This paper contributes to the understanding of groups’ active learning to inform pedagogical practices for educators engaged in designing better collaborative learning experiences. Educators and curriculum designers need to be aware of the social drawbacks in collaborative learning in order to design a more socially engaging learning environment.
Effect of a Peracetic Acid-Based Disinfectant on Growth, Hematology and Histology of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Authors: Hushangi Ramtin , Hosseini Shekarabi Seyed
Published: February 2018

The effects of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant product (Aquastart®) were assessed on some hematological parameters, histological aspects and skin bacterial load of rainbow trout, likewise bacterial load of the rearing tank water. A total of 180 healthy rainbow trout weighing 124.65 ± 10 g were divided into two groups, each in three replicates in flow-through tanks. First group was exposed to Aquastart at 8.9 ppm for 30 min and second group was considered as the control. The fish were then reared for 60 days prior to sampling for hematological and histological studies. The lowest bacterial load level in both water columns and trout skin were observed in the treated trout (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, no significant impact on growth performance was recorded between treated and control fish. The immunocompetent cells population size in control fish were significantly lower than treated fish (p < 0.05). Histologically, no evidence of abnormality was seen in the gills, kidney, and liver tissues of treated fish. These results showed that application of Aquastart at 8.9 ppm is safe for use in flow-through tanks farming rainbow trout.
The Avoidance of the Little Sibling of the Big Rip Abrupt Event by a Quantum Approach
Authors: Albarran Imanol , Bouhmadi-López Mariam , Cabral Franciso , Martín-Moruno Prado
Published: February 2018

We address the quantisation of a model that induces the Little Sibling of the Big Rip (LSBR) abrupt event, where the dark energy content is described by means of a phantom-like fluid or a phantom scalar field. The quantisation is done in the framework of the Wheeler–DeWitt (WDW) equation and imposing the DeWitt boundary condition; i.e., the wave function vanishes close to the abrupt event. We analyse the WDW equation within two descriptions: First, when the dark energy content is described with a perfect fluid. This leaves the problem with the scale factor as the single degree of freedom. Second, when the dark energy content is described with a phantom scalar field in such a way that an additional degree of freedom is incorporated. Here, we have applied the Born–Oppenheimer (BO) approximation in order to simplify the WDW equation. In all cases, the obtained wave function vanishes when the LSBR takes place, thus fulfilling the DeWitt boundary condition.
Identification of Differentially Methylated Sites with Weak Methylation Effects
Authors: Tran Hong , Zhu Hongxiao , Wu Xiaowei , Kim Gunjune , Clarke Christopher , Larose Hailey , Haak David , Askew Shawn , Barney Jacob , Westwood James , Zhang Liqing
Published: February 2018

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation is an epigenetic alteration crucial for regulating stress responses. Identifying large-scale DNA methylation at single nucleotide resolution is made possible by whole genome bisulfite sequencing. An essential task following the generation of bisulfite sequencing data is to detect differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) among treatments. Most statistical methods for DMC detection do not consider the dependency of methylation patterns across the genome, thus possibly inflating type I error. Furthermore, small sample sizes and weak methylation effects among different phenotype categories make it difficult for these statistical methods to accurately detect DMCs. To address these issues, the wavelet-based functional mixed model (WFMM) was introduced to detect DMCs. To further examine the performance of WFMM in detecting weak differential methylation events, we used both simulated and empirical data and compare WFMM performance to a popular DMC detection tool methylKit. Analyses of simulated data that replicated the effects of the herbicide glyphosate on DNA methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana show that WFMM results in higher sensitivity and specificity in detecting DMCs compared to methylKit, especially when the methylation differences among phenotype groups are small. Moreover, the performance of WFMM is robust with respect to small sample sizes, making it particularly attractive considering the current high costs of bisulfite sequencing. Analysis of empirical Arabidopsis thaliana data under varying glyphosate dosages, and the analysis of monozygotic (MZ) twins who have different pain sensitivities—both datasets have weak methylation effects of <1%—show that WFMM can identify more relevant DMCs related to the phenotype of interest than methylKit. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are genomic regions with different DNA methylation status across biological samples. DMRs and DMCs are essentially the same concepts, with the only difference being how methylation information across the genome is summarized. If methylation levels are determined by grouping neighboring cytosine sites, then they are DMRs; if methylation levels are calculated based on single cytosines, they are DMCs.
Comment on Tomaskova et al. Mortality in Miners with Coal-Workers’ Pneumoconiosis in the Czech Republic in the Period 1992–2013. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2017, 14, 269
Authors: Yong Mei
Published: February 2018

With interest, I read the recent analysis by Tomaskova and co-workers (2017) about mortality from coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP). The research question remains unclear whether coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) resulting from exposure to respirable coal dust containing crystalline silica accelerates the development of lung cancer or whether it is an intermediate stage in the pathway. I made several points of considerations with respect to (1) qualified data; (2) alternate measures for excessive risks; and (3) methodological flaws that should be avoided.
Prevention of Common Mental Disorders in Employees. Perspectives on Collaboration from Three Health Care Professions
Authors: Rothermund Eva , Michaelis Martina , Jarczok Marc , Balint Elisabeth , Lange Rahna , Zipfel Stephan , Gündel Harald , Rieger Monika , Junne Florian
Published: February 2018

Collaboration among occupational health physicians, primary care physicians and psychotherapists in the prevention and treatment of common mental disorders in employees has been scarcely researched. To identify potential for improvement, these professions were surveyed in Baden-Württemberg (Germany). Four hundred and fifty occupational health physicians, 1000 primary care physicians and 700 resident medical and psychological psychotherapists received a standardized questionnaire about their experiences, attitudes and wishes regarding activities for primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of common mental disorders in employees. The response rate of the questionnaire was 30% (n = 133) among occupational health physicians, 14% (n = 136) among primary care physicians and 27% (n = 186) among psychotherapists. Forty percent of primary care physicians and 33% of psychotherapists had never had contact with an occupational health physician. Psychotherapists indicated more frequent contact with primary care physicians than vice versa (73% and 49%, respectively). Better cooperation and profession-specific training on mental disorders and better knowledge about work-related stress were endorsed. For potentially involved stakeholders, the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration for better prevention and care of employees with common mental disorders is very high. Nevertheless, there is only little collaboration in practice. To establish quality-assured cooperation structures in practice, participants need applicable frameworks on an organizational and legal level.
Importance of a Laccase Gene (Lcc1) in the Development of Ganoderma tsugae
Authors: Jin Wensong , Li Jiahuan , Feng Hongchang , You Si , Zhang Liaoyuan , Norvienyeku Justice , Hu Kaihui , Sun Shujing , Wang Zonghua
Published: February 2018

In this study, a novel laccase gene (Lcc1) from Ganoderma tsugae was isolated and its functions were characterized in detail. The results showed that Lcc1 has the highest expression activity during mycelium development and fruit body maturation based on the analysis of Lcc1 RNA transcripts at different developmental stages of G. tsugae. To investigate the exact contribution of Lcc1 to mycelium and fruit body development in G. tsugae, Lcc1 transgenic strains were constructed by targeted gene replacement and over-expression approaches. The results showed that the lignin degradation rate in Lcc1 deletion mutant was much lower than the degradation efficiency of the wild-type (WT), over-expression and rescue strains. The lignin degradation activity of G. tsugae is dependent on Lcc1 and the deletion of Lcc1 exerted detrimental influences on the development of mycelium branch. Furthermore, the study uncovered that Lcc1 deletion mutants generated much shorter pale grey fruit bodies, suggesting that Lcc1 contributes directly to pigmentation and stipe elongation during fruit body development in G. tsugae. The information obtained in this study provides a novel and mechanistic insight into the specific role of Lcc1 during growth and development of G. tsugae.
The Role of Trio, a Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor, in Glomerular Podocytes
Authors: Maier Mirela , Baldwin Cindy , Aoudjit Lamine , Takano Tomoko
Published: February 2018

Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disease featured by heavy proteinuria. It is caused by injury to the specialized epithelial cells called “podocytes” within the filtration unit of the kidney, glomerulus. Previous studies showed that hyperactivation of the RhoGTPase, Rac1, in podocytes causes podocyte injury and glomerulosclerosis (accumulation of extracellular matrix in the glomerulus). However, the mechanism by which Rac1 is activated during podocyte injury is unknown. Trio is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) known to activate Rac1. By RNA-sequencing, we found that Trio mRNA is abundantly expressed in cultured human podocytes. Trio mRNA was also significantly upregulated in humans with minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, two representative causes of nephrotic syndrome. Reduced expression of Trio in cultured human podocytes decreased basal Rac1 activity, cell size, attachment to laminin, and motility. Furthermore, while the pro-fibrotic cytokine, transforming growth factor β1 increased Rac1 activity in control cells, it decreases Rac1 activity in cells with reduced Trio expression. This was likely due to simultaneous activation of the Rac1-GTPase activation protein, CdGAP. Thus, Trio is important in the basal functions of podocytes and may also contribute to glomerular pathology, such as sclerosis, via Rac1 activation.
Physicochemical Properties of the Mammalian Molecular Chaperone HSP60
Authors: Ishida Ryuichi , Okamoto Tomoya , Motojima Fumihiro , Kubota Hiroshi , Takahashi Hiroki , Tanabe Masako , Oka Toshihiko , Kitamura Akira , Kinjo Masataka , Yoshida Masasuke , Otaka Michiro , Grave Ewa , Itoh Hideaki
Published: February 2018

The E. coli GroEL/GroES chaperonin complex acts as a folding cage by producing a bullet-like asymmetric complex, and GroEL exists as double rings regardless of the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Its mammalian chaperonin homolog, heat shock protein, HSP60, and co-chaperonin, HSP10, play an essential role in protein folding by capturing unfolded proteins in the HSP60/HSP10 complex. However, the structural transition in ATPase-dependent reaction cycle has remained unclear. We found nucleotide-dependent association and dissociation of the HSP60/HSP10 complex using various analytical techniques under near physiological conditions. Our results showed that HSP60 exist as a significant number of double-ring complexes (football- and bullet-type complexes) and a small number of single-ring complexes in the presence of ATP and HSP10. HSP10 binds to HSP60 in the presence of ATP, which increased the HSP60 double-ring formation. After ATP is hydrolyzed to Adenosine diphosphate (ADP), HSP60 released the HSP10 and the dissociation of the double-ring to single-rings occurred. These results indicated that HSP60/HSP10 undergoes an ATP-dependent transition between the single- and double-rings in their system that is highly distinctive from the GroEL/GroES system particularly in the manner of complex formation and the roles of ATP binding and hydrolysis in the reaction cycle.
Fundamental Molecules and Mechanisms for Forming and Maintaining Neuromuscular Synapses
Authors: Burden Steven , Huijbers Maartje , Remedio Leonor
Published: February 2018

The neuromuscular synapse is a relatively large synapse with hundreds of active zones in presynaptic motor nerve terminals and more than ten million acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in the postsynaptic membrane. The enrichment of proteins in presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes ensures a rapid, robust, and reliable synaptic transmission. Over fifty years ago, classic studies of the neuromuscular synapse led to a comprehensive understanding of how a synapse looks and works, but these landmark studies did not reveal the molecular mechanisms responsible for building and maintaining a synapse. During the past two-dozen years, the critical molecular players, responsible for assembling the specialized postsynaptic membrane and regulating nerve terminal differentiation, have begun to be identified and their mechanism of action better understood. Here, we describe and discuss five of these key molecular players, paying heed to their discovery as well as describing their currently understood mechanisms of action. In addition, we discuss the important gaps that remain to better understand how these proteins act to control synaptic differentiation and maintenance.
In Vivo Evaluation of Cerebral Hemodynamics and Tissue Morphology in Rats during Changing Fraction of Inspired Oxygen Based on Spectrocolorimetric Imaging Technique
Authors: Mustari Afrina , Kanie Takuya , Kawauchi Satoko , Sato Shunichi , Sato Manabu , Kokubo Yasuaki , Nishidate Izumi
Published: February 2018

During surgical treatment for cerebrovascular diseases, cortical hemodynamics are often controlled by bypass graft surgery, temporary occlusion of arteries, and surgical removal of veins. Since the brain is vulnerable to hypoxemia and ischemia, interruption of cerebral blood flow reduces the oxygen supply to tissues and induces irreversible damage to cells and tissues. Monitoring of cerebral hemodynamics and alteration of cellular structure during neurosurgery is thus crucial. Sequential recordings of red-green-blue (RGB) images of in vivo exposed rat brains were made during hyperoxia, normoxia, hypoxia, and anoxia. Monte Carlo simulation of light transport in brain tissue was used to specify relationships among RGB-values and oxygenated hemoglobin concentration (CHbO), deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration (CHbR), total hemoglobin concentration (CHbT), hemoglobin oxygen saturation (StO2), and scattering power b. Temporal courses of CHbO, CHbR, CHbT, and StO2 indicated physiological responses to reduced oxygen delivery to cerebral tissue. A rapid decrease in light scattering power b was observed after respiratory arrest, similar to the negative deflection of the extracellular direct current (DC) potential in so-called anoxic depolarization. These results suggest the potential of this method for evaluating pathophysiological conditions and loss of tissue viability.