bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bertanya Siswa dengan Pola Berjenjang dalam Pembelajaran PPKN di Kelas X IPA 3 SMA Negeri 2 Dompu Tahun Pembelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Amin Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Tujuan Penelitian tindakan kelas ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan keberanian peserta didik dalam mengajukan pertanyaan - pertanyaan saat kegiatan pembelajaran berlangsung, melatih dan membiasakan diri peserta didik untuk menyusun pertanyaan yang baik dan ilmiah baik secara tertulis maupun secara lisan serta untuk mengetahui/mengungkapkan data tentang pola latihan berjenjang dalam upaya meningkatkan kemampuan bertanya siswa. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut data dari penelitian tindakan kelas ini, dikumpulkan melalui beberapa tindakan. Tehnik yang gunakan adalah melalui observasi dengan rnempergunakan beberapa lembar alat observasi berupa daftar chech list, skor penilaian refleksi tindakan. Berdasarkan data hasil observasi seperti yang ditunjukan pada tabeltabel tersebut di atas, dapatlah kita katakan bahwa Persentase dan skor rata-rata perolehan siswa Kelas X IPA 3 SMA Negeri 2 Dompu secara umum baik. Hal ini dapat kita lihat pada hasil observasi di mana pada tindakan pertama diperoleh Persentase tertinggi yaitu 42,9% pada skor 6,0 dengan jumlah siswa 9 orang, sedang pada tindakan kedua skor tertinggi masih pada angkah 6,0 dengan jumlah siswa naik menjadi 18 orang dan prosentasenya adalah 8 5,7% serta pada tindakan ketiga terjadi peningkatan yang cukup menggembirakan dimana skor tertinggi dari angka 6,0 menjadi skor 8,0 dengan jumlah siswanya 12 orang,dan prosentasenya adalah 57,1%. Jadi dari 21 orang siswa yang telah mampu berbuat atau berani mengajukan pertanyaan baik secara tertulis maupun lisan.
Upaya Meningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Puisi Siswa Kelas VII dengan Model Discovery Learning di SMP Negeri 1 Winongan
Authors: Rochmawati Farida , Ahnaf Fatih Holis
Published: October 2021

Bahasa sebagai sebuah system makna yang diekspresikan dalam system social memiliki berbagai bentuk sesuai dengan perbedaan tujuan penggunaan bahasa dalam komunikasi. Untuk mengimplementasikan tujuan pembelajaran tersebut bahasa digunakan dan dipelajari secara nyata dalam komunikasi. Karena itu model discovery learning merupakan salah satu model yang dapat digunakan untuk menulis puisi berkenaan dengan keindahan alam. Dalam penelitian ini yang menjadi permasalahan adalah apakah model discovery learning dapat membantu siswa dalam keningkatkan kemampuan dan dapat memotivasi siswa untuk menulis puisi berkenaan dengan keindahan alam. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan siswa dalam menulis puisi berkenaan dengan keindahan alam dan mengetahui tingkat kesenangan siswa untuk belajar. Adapun metode penelitian dilakukan secara langsung melalui observasi di SMP Negeri 1 Winongan Kabupaten Pasuruan pada siswa kelas 7e semester genap tahun pelajaran 2018-2019. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 2 siklus terbagi dala 2 kali pertemuan dengan menggunakan lembar tes untuk menjaring keberhasilan siswa dalam menilis puisi yang berkenaan dengan keindahan alam. Hasil penelitian yang dapat disimpulkan bahwa model discovery learning dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis puisi berkenaan dengan keindahan alam serta dapat memotivasinya. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil siklus pertama perata yang didapat adalah 72,92% dan 65,85% manjadi 86,49% dan 92,68%berarti ada kenaikan 13,57 % dan 26,83%. Inilah wujud peningkatan kemampuan dan motivasi dalam menulis puisi berkenaan dengan keindahan alam pada siswa kelas 7e SMP Negeri 1 Winongan, Pasuruan.
Perbedaan Hasil Belajar Siswa yang Diajar Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Soal Terbuka dengan Model Pembelajaran Konvensional
Authors: Asmedy Asmedy
Published: October 2021

Model pembelajaran soal terbuka maupun model pembelajaran konvensional merupakan model pembelajaran yang mampu mengaktifkan siswa dalam memperoleh pengetahuan dan pengalaman belajar dari konsep matematika yang diterima. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa antara yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran soal terbuka dan model pembelajaran konvensional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP 4 Pancasila Donggo Bima pada bulan April. Subjek penelitian adalah 70 siswa di dua kelas yaitu kelas VIIIA dan kelas VIIIB. Penelitian ini menggunakan designeksperimental yaitu, satu kelas eksperimen belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran soal terbuka dan satu kelas kontrol belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian adalah hasil belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran soal terbuka dan model pembelajaran konvensional. Uji T-test yang dilakukan menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan. Rata-rata hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen setelah perlakuan adalah 33,0625 sedangkan hasil belajar kelas kontrol adalah 39,4167. Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil dari hasil analisis data dan pembahasan adalah terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa antara yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran soal terbuka dengan model pembelajaran konvensional, dan model pembelajaran soal terbuka cocok diterapkan pada pokok bahasan bangun ruang siswa SMP 4 Pancasila Donggo Bima Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020.
Pengaruh Jarak Awalan dalam Lompat Jauh terhadap Hasil Lompatan pada Siswa Putra Kelas IV
Authors: Pratama Sandi Achmad
Published: October 2021

Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengetahui seberapa jauh jarak Pengaruh Jarak Awalan Dengan Lompat  Terhadap  Hasil Lompatan Pada Siswa Putra Kelas IVA SDN 1 Dompu tahun Pembelajaran2019/2020, kegunaannya : (1) Kegunaan teoritis yaitu untuk, informasi yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi ilmuan di bidang olahraga untuk dapat mengembangkan konsep dalam rangka meningkatkan prestasi olahraga  terutama dalam cabang olaharaga Lompat Jauh . (2) Kegunaan Praktis Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan salah satu pertimbangan teoritis bagi para pemain dalam melakukan lompatan, dalam berolahraga dan dapat memberi sumbangan yang berharga bagi masyarakat, khususnya para pembina olahraga dalam upaya membantu dan membina para atlet lompat jauh. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Siswa  Putra  Kelas  IV SDN  1 Dompu tahun Pembelajaran2019/2020 yang berjumlah  12 orang siswa. Instrument yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data-data dalam penelitian ini adalah instrument tes, adapun tes yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan memberikan test perbuatan, pemberian test perbuatan ini berupa test lompat jauh dengan jarak awalan 20 m dan 30 m. Metode yang digunakan adalah untuk memperoleh data dalam penelitian ini yaitu: Metode dokumentasi dan tes perbuatan. Sedangkan analisa data menggunakan analisis stastistik dengan rumus t-test, dimana hasil t hitung lebih besar daripada t  tabel yaitu 3,539 > 2,201 pada taraf signifikansi 5% dengan db (N-1)=11 Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam penelitian ini “Ada Pengaruh Jarak Awalan Dengan Lompat Terhadap Hasil Lompatan Pada Siswa  Putra  Kelas  IVA  SDN 1 Dompu tahun Pembelajaran2019/2020.
Problem Kultural Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan di Indonesia: Perspektif Total Quality Management
Authors: Yasin Ilyas
Published: October 2021

Ditengah kompetisi global yang kian ketat upaya peningkatan mutu pendidikan Indonesia menghadapi tantangan cukup berat. Tantangan dimaksud tidak hanya menyangkut aspek pendanaan dan sarana prasarana tapi juga hambatan budaya. Hambatan terakhir ini terutama berhubungan dengan sikap mental, budaya dan seperangkat system nilai yang dianut dan dimiliki masyarakat khususnya para pelaku pendidikan. Akibatnya, meski pemerintah sudah berupaya mengeluarkan sejumlah kebijakan yang propendidikan namun seringkali tidak menunjukkan korelasi positif dengan meningkatnya mutu pendidikan sebagaimana dalam kasus sertifikasi guru. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini mencoba menawarkan perlunya pendekatan baru dalam upaya peningkatan mutu pendidikan yakni pendekatan Total Quality Management (TQM). Pendekatan ini diharapkan mampu mengatasi sebagian kendala kultural peningkatan mutu pendidikan di Indonesia.
EFEK VARIASI JENIS PEMBEBANAN DEFORMASI PLASTIS TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SIFAT MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PLAT BAJA KARBON
Authors: Fato Adri , Sugeng Margono
Published: October 2021

Plastic deformation is a permanent deformation that occurs in steel, even though the load causing the deformation is removed. It is widely used to change the shape of steel permanently without adding or reducing the chemical composition of the steel. This permanent change in shape is followed by a change in the shape or phase of the microstructure of the steel. Several types of loading on plastic deformation are Pull (drawing), Stamping and Curling, which are widely used to change the shape of a plate to a curve or a circle.
VISUALISASI DATA SENSOR PADA SISTEM PEMANTAUAN SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN RUANGAN BERBASIS ANTARMUKA WEB
Authors: Hidayaturrohman Qisthi Alhazmi , Yuliantoro Prasetyo , Rizal Reda
Published: October 2021

The internet of things technology has become one technology that plays a role in the industrial revolution 4.0. Not only limited to the data communication between devices over internet protocol communication data networks, but on the IoT device is also need the proper interface to visualize the sensor data which has received by the server node, and with that result, the user can understand easily and get insight from those data which has an exchange or communicate each other on the system. In the previous research by Yuliantoro, et. al., the IoT device was designed only to communicate to other devices, where the web server as a server node was designed to receive the sensor data. The design of the visualize system in this research, designed by the PHP script and web server which is connected to the NodeMCU in a wireless local area network or WLAN. The sensor data from NodeMCU sent to the server, then the result will be shown visually by the website interface. Based on the results of this study, the visualized data has been shown the full sensor data, with the delay is following the delay of the NodeMCU, 60 seconds.
Zur Veränderung des Stellenwertesvon Beweisen im Mathematikunterricht - eine Analyse von ungarischen Abiturprüfungenzwischen 1981 und 2020
Authors: Szűcs Kinga
Published: October 2021

Proofs are not just an essential, crucial part of mathematics as a science, they also have a long tradition in Hungarian mathematics classrooms. However, the school in general and, mathematics education in particular, have been changed in the last few decades enormously, including the final secondary school examinations in mathematics. The current paper's main goal is to answer the question, how has been changed the weight and the content of reasoning and especially proving tasks in the relevant examinations.

Subject Classification: 97E54, 97D64, 97U44
Potential of the Dithiocarbimate Fungicides on the Control of Coffee Leaf Rust and Asian Soybean Rust
Authors: Silva Lucas Fagundes da , Zambolim Laércio , Vidigal Antônio Eustáquio Carneiro , Rubinger Mayura Marques Magalhães
Published: October 2021

Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) and Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi) are diseases that cause great losses in the productivity of these crops, not only in Brazil but on a global scale. Coffee and soybean varieties grown are susceptible to these diseases. Thus, it is necessary to search for efficient compounds for their chemical control, mainly from the group of protectors or residuals so that they can be formulated with systemic fungicides to control the diseases. This allows not only the efficient management of diseases but also the prevention of the emergence of resistant mutants in the populations of these pathogens. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and effect of bis(N-R-sulfonyldithiocarbimato)zincate(II) salts fungicides on the epidemiological components of pathosystems coffee × H. vastatrix and soybean × P. pachyrhizi. Initially, four zinc(II) complexes salts (1A, 2A, 1B, and 2B) with N-R-sulfonyldithiocarbimates were synthesized. In the first experiment, the in vitro sensitivity of H. vastatrix and P. pachyrhizi was studied for the four compounds synthesized and mancozeb at 0.5, 5.0, 50.0, 100.0 and 200.0 µmol L-1. All the compounds synthetized in this study had inhibitory effects on H. vastatrix and P. pachyrhizi. In the greenhouse it was studied the effect of bis(N-R-sulfonyldithiocarbimato)zincate(II) salts on the epidemiological components of coffee leaf rust and Asian soybean rust. For the pathosystem coffee × H. vastatrix, there were no differences in the values obtained for the bis(N-R-sulfonyldithiocarbimato)zincate(II) salts and mancozeb for the latent period. For the sporulated lesion variable, the control treatment had a mean value of 149.0 lesions/leaf, differing significantly from the other treatments. The mean value of compound 2B was estimated as 25.0 lesions/leaf, differing significantly from treatments 1A, 1B, 2B, and mancozeb. Treatments 1A, 1B, 2B, and mancozeb did not differ significantly from each other. For the Asian soybean rust, the area under the disease progress curve had a mean value of 75.8 for the control, while for the 2A treatment the value was 4.1, differing from the other compounds. The treatments 1A, 1B, 2A, and mancozeb did not differ significantly from each other. In conclusion, compounds 1A, 2A, and 1B were more efficient in the control of the coffee leaf rust, while compound 2A was efficient in the control of the Asian soybean rust.
A Comparative Study of the Reusable Mortgage Systems in French Civil Code and Chinese Civil Code
Authors: Zeng Rongxin
Published: October 2021

The rechargeable mortgage created by French security law reform in 2006 and perfected in several following security law reforms, and the maximum mortgage contained in Chines Civil Code are both relatively new type of security interests for related parties. Both of them are reusable for parties to secure debt other than the debt designated in the constitution contract. These new types of security interests maintain the safety value of the traditional general mortgage systems on the one hand, and strengthens the superiority of mortgage system on the other hand, by simplifying the procedures of constitution and realization, remarkably reduce the costs of time and money of usage. From the point of view of economic analysis, these new types of security interests not only conform to the economic criterion of Karldor-Hicks efficiency, but also play an important role for improving the guarantee ability and financing ability of domestic enterprises from either domestic financial market or international market, and further affect the evaluation of performance of the countries in the frame of Doing Business of the World Bank.
REPRINTED WITH PERMISSION OF IASP – PAIN 161 (2020) 880–888: Neck pain and headache after whiplash injury: a systematic
review and meta-analysis
Authors: Al-Khazali Haidar Muhsen , Ashina Håkan , Iljazi Afrim , Lipton Richard B. , Ashina Messoud , Ashina Sait , Schytz Henrik W.
Published: October 2021

Neck pain and headache are 2 of the most common complications of whiplash injury. Therefore, we
performed a systematic literature search on PubMed and Embase for publications reporting on the prevalence of neck pain
and headache after whiplash injury. The literature search identified 2709 citations of which 44 contained relevant original
data. Of these, 27 studies provided data for the quantitative analysis. For non-population-based studies, the present metaanalysis
showed that a pooled relative frequency of neck pain was 84% confidence interval (68–95%) and a pooled relative
frequency of headache was 60% (46–73%), within 7 days after whiplash injury. At 12 months after injury, 38% (32–45%)
of patients with whiplash still experienced neck pain, while 38% (18–60%) of whiplash patients reported headache at the
same time interval after injury. However, we also found considerable heterogeneity among studies with I2-values ranging
from 89% to 98% for the aforementioned meta-analyses. We believe that the considerable heterogeneity among studies
underscores the need for clear-cut definitions of whiplash injury and standardized reporting guidelines for postwhiplash
sequelae such as neck pain and headache. Future studies should seek to optimize these aspects paving the way for
a better understanding of the clinical characteristics and natural course of whiplash-associated sequelae.
Datasets Curados e Enriquecidos com Proveniência da Campanha Nacional de Vacinação Contra COVID-19
Authors: Gonçalves Marcus Vinicius Ferreira , dos Santos Jamile Santos , Ferreira Caio Zava , Zavaleta Jorge , Cruz Sérgio Manuel Serra da , Sampaio Jonice Oliveira
Published: October 2021

A pandemia da COVID-19 é uma ameaça global. Se, por um lado, contabilizamos muitas perdas de vidas, por outro lado tem-se acelerado a geração de datasets e demandas analíticas urgentes. Dentre as estratégias de combate, destacam-se a vacinação e as investigações epidemiológicas centradas em dados. Este artigo apresenta o processo de construção de datasets curados e anotados com metadados de proveniência retrospectiva, tendo como base os dados de registro da Campanha de Vacinação contra COVID-19 no Brasil. O dataset contém milhares de registros tratados até Março de 2021. Os dados foram analisados, investigados, tratados e cruzados com outras fontes, de modo a corrigi-los e complementá-los, resultando em datasets curados e alinhados aos princípios FAIR.
Das Recht auf Asyl bei Emer de Vattel 1758: unvollkommenes Recht, vollkommenes Recht, Menschenrecht
Authors: Keil Rainer
Published: October 2021

When, within the framework of a highly controversial debate of the early 1990s in Germany on the right to asylum, Winfrid Brugger argued, a human right to asylum could not be based on sound reason, he referred to the supposed impossibility of an imputation of the plight of refugees to certain foreign states. In more recent debates, similar arguments have been brought forward and formulated as a problem of imperfect or perfect duties and rights. Much earlier, in 1758, Emer de Vattel already had discussed the right to asylum as a right that has aspects of both an imperfect right and a perfect right. This has mostly been ignored in the recent debate. In this article, I try to show how de Vattel reasoned. His argumentation limited the otherwise strong sovereignty of states by referring to the reasons of the moral legitimacy of their powers. This led him to the result that the per se perfect right to asylum, imperfect in relation to specific states, can, if states collectively fail to admit a refugee in urgent danger, become a claim against a specific country in the shape of a perfect right to self-help. I will briefly try to reconstruct some of de Vattel‘s ideas with concepts of Ronald Dworkin and Robert Alexy. The difference between Dworkin’s rule and Alexy’s Regel becomes relevant for understanding de Vattel’s perfect and human right to asylum. In the end, I will briefly investigate how much of de Vattel’s thought depends on assumptions a XXIst century thinker would probably not be ready to suppose any more. It will become clear that de Vattel’s thought on asylum is mostly independent from rather controversial assumptions of his work; it fits rather well to some recent approaches limiting sovereignty by human rights and concepts of territorial justice.
Herrschaftsform und Regierungsart Zugleich ein Versuch über den Zusammenhang von Rechts- und Geschichtsphilosophie bei Immanuel Kant
Authors: Erdmann Max
Published: October 2021

Kant’s philosophy of law is predominantly received without reference to its author’s - seemingly less compatible - positions in the philosophy of history. The following article attempts to trace the internal dependence of Kant’s philosophy of law on his philosophy of history, using the distinction between the form of rule and the mode of government as an example.
Werbung durch Influencer
Authors: Will Dr. Stefanie
Published: October 2021

Im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung nehmen soziale Medien im Alltag der Menschen eine ständig wachsende Rolle ein, Plattformen wie Facebook, Instagram oder YouTube verzeichnen steigende Nutzerzahlen. Entsprechend hat sich auch die Art und Weise, wie sich Privatpersonen informieren und Meinungen bilden, in den letzten Jahren verändert. Insbesondere die jüngeren Generationen vertrauen sog. Influencern, die in den Netzwerken zumeist inszenierte Einblicke in ihr privates Leben sowie ihre künstlerischen, sportlichen, technischen oder modischen Aktivitäten gewähren. Im Zusammenhang mit dem Influencer-Marketing haben sich die Gerichte verstärkt mit der Frage auseinandergesetzt, ob und inwieweit derartige Beiträge als Werbemaßnahmen wettbewerbs- oder medienrechtlich kennzeichnungspflichtig sind. Auch die Bundesregierung hat die Problematik erkannt und ein Gesetz zur Stärkung des Verbraucherschutzes im Wettbewerbs- und Gewerberecht entworfen, das in ergänzenden Regelungen des UWG sowohl für Verbraucher als auch Influencer diesbezüglich Klarheit schaffen soll. Die vorgesehenen Änderungen im Gesetzesentwurf überzeugen allerdings nur zum Teil. Nachdem im vergangenen Jahr eine Reihe von obergerichtlichen Urteilen in Klageverfahren gegen Influencer ergangen sind, steht eine Klärung zur Frage der Vermischung redaktioneller und werblicher Kommunikation durch den BGH noch aus. Dessen Bewertung der Rechtslage sollte vor einer endgültigen Rechtsänderung abgewartet werden.
Staatlich organisierte Hintergrundkreise mit Journalisten
Authors: Mast Tobias
Published: October 2021

Das dem rechtlichen Leitbild nach distanzierte Verhältnis zwischen Journalisten und Staatsvertretern wird in der Realität mitunter durch symbiotische Nähe strapaziert. Keine Institution lässt diese Diskrepanz so deutlich zu Tage treten, wie staatlich organisierte Hintergrundkreise mit Journalisten. Eingekleidet in informationsfreiheitsrechtliche und presserechtliche Verwaltungsgerichtsverfahren begegnen sie dem interessierten Fachpublikum in jüngster Zeit häufiger, tatsächlich haben sie aber eine lange Tradition vorzuweisen. Der vorliegende Beitrag wertet die empirischen und sozialwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse zu den Hintergrundkreisen aus und ordnet diese hierauf aufbauend in die verfassungsrechtliche Dogmatik der legitimen Nichtöffentlichkeit, Presseförderung sowie der staatlichen Öffentlichkeits- und Medienarbeit ein. Er kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass ihre Abhaltung weder dem Kernbereich exekutiver Eigenverantwortung, noch einem legitimen Bereich informellen Staatshandelns zuzuordnen ist. Vielmehr müssen sich staatliche Akteure hierbei an dem Gebot der Gleichbehandlung im publizistischen Wettbewerb sowie den Qualitätsvorgaben öffentlicher Informationstätigkeit messen lassen.
Gut alt werden in Rheinland-Pfalz (GALINDA) – Zusammenhänge zwischen Organisationskultur und Quartiersöffnung in stationären LangzeitpflegeeinrichtungenIn diesem Artikel wird aus Gründen der Lesbarkeit ausschließlich das generische Maskulinum verwendet. Alle weiteren Geschlechter sind damit inkludiert.
Authors: Bauer Judith , Brandenburg Hermann , Ohnesorge Bernadette
Published: October 2021

Untersucht wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen der Organisationskultur und der Quartiersöffnung in der stationären Langzeitpflege. Hierfür wurde der mehrperspektivische Ansatz nach Martin (1992) verwendet. Diese differenziert zwischen Integrations-, Differenzierungs- und Fragmentierungsperspektive. Die Fragestellung lautete: Wie kann die Organisationskultur in einem Setting der Langzeitpflege beschrieben werden, und gibt es Zusammenhänge zur Quartiersöffnung? Für diesen Beitrag wurde eine Einrichtung der Alten- und Eingliederungshilfe ausgewählt. Zur Datenerhebung wurden teilnehmende Beobachtungen, Experteninterviews und Gruppendiskussionen eingesetzt. Interviewt wurden verschiedene Akteure in und außerhalb der Einrichtung. Die Daten wurden mit der Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (2015) analysiert. Im Ergebnis zeigten sich vermehrt Hinweise auf die Dominanz der Differenzierungsperspektive.
Prevention of Hyperglycemia
Authors: A. Ochola Lucy , M. Guantai Eric
Published: October 2021

Hyperglycemia is the elevation of blood glucose concentrations above the normal range. Prolonged uncontrolled hyperglycemia is associated with serious life-threatening complications. Hyperglycemia arises from an imbalance between glucose production and glucose uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues. Disorders that compromise pancreatic function or affect the glucose counter-regulatory hormones cause hyperglycemia. Acute or serious illness or injury may also bring about hyperglycemia, as can many classes of drugs. Metformin lowers blood glucose levels by inhibiting the production of glucose by the liver whilst enhancing uptake of circulating glucose and its utilization in peripheral tissues such as muscle and adipose tissue. Metformin suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis by inhibiting mitochondrial respiration and causing a reduction of cellular ATP levels. Metformin may also modulate the gut-brain-liver axis, resulting in suppression of hepatic glucose production. Metformin also opposes the hyperglycemic action of glucagon and may ameliorate pancreatic cell dysfunction associated with hyperglycemia. Metformin is therefore recommended for use in the prevention of hyperglycemia, including drug-induced hyperglycemia, in at risk patients. The benefits of metformin in the prevention of hyperglycemia are unmatched despite its contraindications.
Minimally Invasive Surgery for Hepatocellular Carcinoma; Latest Advances
Authors: Giakoustidis Alexandros , Koffas Apostolos , Giakoustidis Dimitrios , N. Papadopoulos Vasileios
Published: October 2021

Surgical resection is the gold standard for hepatocellular carcinoma management for early stages of the disease. With advances in technology and techniques, minimally invasive surgery provides a great number of advantages for these patients during their surgery and for their post-operative care. The selection of patients following a multi-disciplinary approach is of paramount importance. Adding to this, the developments in laparoscopic instruments and training, as well as the promising advantages of robotic surgery along with other forms of technology, increase the pool of patients that can undergo operation safely and with good results worldwide. We review results from great centres worldwide and delineate the accurate multi-disciplinary approach for this.
Remodeling Process in the Right and Left Atria and Ventricles Following Percutaneous Closure of the Atrial Septal Defect in Children and Adolescents: A Mid-term Study
Authors: Amoozgar Hamid , Safniyat Saeed , Edraki Mohammad Reza , Mohammadi Hamid , Mehdizadegan Nima , Ajami Gholam Hossein , Dehghani Reza , Naghshzan Amir , Bagherian Neda , Shabanpuor-Haghighi Sajad
Published: October 2021

Background: Atrial septal defect and its closure can lead to changes in the right and left cardiac cavities' function and size. In this study, Z-scores of the cardiac chambers and the heart function were assessed, and the important complications were mentioned. Methods: This interventional cross-sectional study was done on patients who had atrial septal defect closure aged younger than 18 years. All patients were recruited for transthoracic echocardiography. About half of the patients were randomly selected. The information of angiography and its side effects belong to all patients, but the echocardiographic parameters and Z-scores belong only to the selected group. Results: A total of 370 patients underwent the atrial septal defect closure, of whom 150 patients participated in the study. The patients' average age and weight were 9.25 ± 3.44 years and 15.12 ± 11.83 kg, respectively, and the mean follow-up time was 2.56 years. Z-scores of the interventricular septal dimension in diastole, the left ventricular posterior wall dimension in diastole, the left ventricular internal dimension in systole, and Z-scores of the size of the right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary valve annulus, and the main pulmonary artery were more than Z-scores of the normal population. Furthermore, Z-scores of the E/A and the Eat/Aat of the tricuspid valve were less than their peers. Besides, the correlation between Z-scores and the atrial septal defect size and weight of the patients was assessed, which was statistically significant, and patients who underwent atrial special defect closure at the age of fewer than three years and less than 15 kg had more normal cardiac Z-scores. Conclusions: Z-scores of the cardiac chambers and pulmonary artery were more than normal after successful closure of the atrial septal defect in the mid-term follow-up.
STEP file analyzer and viewer user guide (update 7)
Authors: Lipman Robert R , Kwon Soonjo
Published: October 2021

The STEP File Analyzer and Viewer opens a STEP (ISO 10303 - STandard for Exchange of Product model data) Part 21 file and (1) generates a spreadsheet or CSV files of all entity and attribute information, (2) creates a visualization (view) of part geometry, sketch geometry, graphical PMI annotations, supplemental geometry, and datum targets that is displayed in a web browser, (3) reports and analyzes any semantic PMI, graphical PMI, and validation properties for conformance to recommended practices, and (4) checks for basic STEP file format errors.
KEY FACTOR: PARTICULARIZATION MODEL FOR TPM DEPLOYMENT
Authors: TORRELL MARTINEZ FRANCESCA , CUATRECASAS ARBOS LLUIS , OLIVELLA NADAL JORGE
Published: October 2021

TPM (Total Productive Maintenance), which is part of the Lean Management philosophy, aims to increase the company's productivity by reducing efficiency losses during manufacturing. TPM allows organizations to know the real efficiency with which they are working and the losses of the production process, and with the application of this methodology to improve the efficiency of the equipment and the competitiveness of the company.
Integrative surveillance of cattle welfare at the abattoir level: Risk factors associated with liver condemnation, severe hoof disorders, carcase bruising and high muscle pH
Authors: Losada-Espinosa N , Estévez-Moreno LX , Bautista-Fernández M , Losada H , María GA , Miranda-de la Lama GC
Published: October 2021

Given the multi-dimensionality of animal welfare, any monitoring system for slaughter animals should comprise an integrative vision that facilitates animal welfare and food safety assessment. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate risk factors as possible causes for liver condemnations, hoof disorders, bruise prevalence, and the quality of beef carcases under commercial operating conditions in Mexico. Data were recorded for 143 journeys encompassing 1,040 commercial cattle, originating from feedlots, free-range, and dairy production systems. Details on journey distance, vehicle type, cattle type, and animals’ origin were gathered from abattoir reports. We found that carcase bruising (41%) and hoof disorders (43.9%) had the highest prevalence, regardless of the production system. Variables such as cattle type and production system influenced liver condemnations; old bulls extensively raised were more prone to present parasitosis such as Fasciola hepatica. Transportation conditions (journey distance, vehicle type) and cattle type might have influenced the development of hoof disorders in the evaluated animals. Multivariable logistic regression showed that animals’ origin was a potential risk factor for severe bruising and high muscle pH, with cull dairy cows getting the most serious damage. In general, cattle transport conditions were factors that showed interactions with three of the evaluated indicators (severe hoof injuries, carcase bruising, meat pH24h). Our study shows the need to implement integrative surveillance to identify risk factors according to the production system from which the animals originate. With this information it is possible to develop strategies to mitigate specific cattle welfare problems.
Aproximação temática Ex 31,1-11, o Santuário do Deserto: características, contexto histórico, artesãos e beleza
Authors: Brechó da Silva Nelson Maria , Miranda Filho Francisco Marques
Published: October 2021

Este artigo pretende situar a perícope de Ex 31,1-11 numa abordagem da estética teológica ou teologia estética, posto que apresenta como ponto de partida o belo como objeto de uma ciência externa. Ora, a participação do homem em Deus revela um detalhe misterioso, visto que, da perspectiva de Deus, é realizada como “revelação” e que, da perspectiva do homem, é realizada como “fé”. De acordo com Von Balthazar, tanto a visão como o êxtase colaboram para refletir a dimensão teológica e estética. Nesse sentido, primeiro elucidam-se as caraterísticas da construção do Santuário do Deserto – Ex 25-31,11: texto e o contexto de Ex 31,1-11. Segundo, apontam-se o santuário e contexto histórico. Terceiro, descreve-se acerca dos artesãos, de suas habilidades e da beleza. Diante desse cenário, o resultado a ser alcançado consiste em que a autoria da obra de arte é um ponto conclusivo que merece destaque, porque cada artista é um experto na obra que realiza.
“Manifestado na carne” (1Tm 3,16): considerações sobre a transmissão da mensagem cristã na Igreja primitiva
Authors: Machado Sidney Damasio
Published: October 2021

O tema da epifania/visão unifica a maior parte das expressões religiosas e filosóficas no mundo greco-romano do começo da nossa era. O uso da expressão “manifestado na carne” (“ἐφανερωθη ἐν σαρκί” (1Tm 3,16), nas Cartas Pastorais, é indicativo dos esforços do cristianismo primitivo para dialogar com a cultura e inculturar o conteúdo da fé cristã no ambiente helenista. Constatar o empenho por uma evangelização inculturada na Igreja primitiva se constitui como estímulo e provocação em vista de uma evangelização inculturada.
Viver em ritmo menos acelerado: Sobre tempos de pausa e o cuidado com a vida na Bíblia
Authors: Reimer Haroldo , Richter Reimer Ivoni
Published: October 2021

O contexto da pandemia do Sars-Covid-19 é o motivador hermenêutico do presente artigo, que busca colocar em foco alguns textos da Bíblia que propõem a observância de tempos de pausa em meio aos ritmos de trabalho. São fragmentos textuais que se originaram ao longo da história dos antigos hebreus, propondo a heterotopia de que em meio ao curso normal das jornadas de trabalho e de tempo houvesse tempos de pausa. Trata-se de tradições sabáticas, que carregam consigo a temática do cuidado da vida. Referem-se ao sábado como dia de descanso, ao ano sabático para descanso da terra e para livre acesso aos frutos pelos pobres e pelos animais, bem como de perdão de dívidas. Na boca de Jesus de Nazaré, esta tradição ganhou a defesa mais contundente e mais conhecida, afirmando que o dia de sábado deve estar em função das pessoas e não o contrário. Nas tradições judaica e cristã trata-se de uma radical defesa do necessário cuidado com a vida, que poderia ser assumida hoje como heterotopia também em termos de espiritualidade.
ABSCISIC ACID AND IRRIGATION LEVELS EFFECTS ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STRAWBERRY
Authors: KAPUR Burçak , CELIKTOPUZ Eser , SARIDAS Mehmet Ali , SARWARI Abdul Qaiyom , SARWARI Qaiyom , KARGI Sevgi Paydaş
Published: October 2021

The high value of strawberries creates potential for high rates of employment and farm income in Turkey. Optimizing water application and effective cultivation practices are of considerable importance in improving strawberry yield. In this study, the effects of four different irrigation regimes and Abscisic Acid application (ABA use and control) effects on the leaf area, plant dry matter and crown number of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cv. Rubygem) were evaluated under Spanish type high tunnels conditions. ABA was applied three times starting from March to May via foliar application as 20 μmol L-1. From the initiation of the treatment to the end of the trial, a total of 552, 447, 342 and 237 mm of water were applied to treatments IR125, IR100, IR75 and IR50 respectively. The IR50 treatment caused a significant decline in morphological parameters, indicating that the amount of irrigation water did not meet the plant water requirement. The increased amount of irrigation water increased the leaf area, dry matter and the crown number significantly. Furthermore, the ABA application increased the leaf area by 15%, the plant dry matter 12% and crown number by 8%. Under water stress conditions (IR50), ABA significantly increased growth rate as well as increasing leaf area, plant dry matter and the crown number by 13%, 12% and 11%, respectively, when compared to the control plot. Consequently, in the protected cultivation, the IR125 irrigation level and the ABA application enhanced vegetative growth and in turn the total marketable fruit yield and its components.
BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY AND CONTROL OF THE PLUM SEED WASP [EURYTOMA SCHREINERI SCHREINER (HYMENOPTERA: EURYTOMIDAE)]
Authors: ARNAUDOV Veselin , DAVIDOVA Rositsa , VASILEV Viktor
Published: October 2021

The plum seed wasp, Eurytoma schreineri Schr. is a new pest on plum trees in Bulgaria. It is a serious pest for plums in northeastern Bulgaria. This wasp attacks the fruits of various plum cultivars. Damage by E. schreineri on plums ranges from 26-92%. The damage percent depends upon bioecological conditions and on the susceptibility of the plum varieties. Late-flowering cultivars are the most sensitive, where the attack can reach up to 90-92% of Stanley cultivar. This is univoltine and overwinters as a fully developed larva within stones of the fallow fruit under the plum trees. During the spring, usually in early May, the adults go out of the fallen mummified fruits and after mating the females oviposit inside the newly formed plum fruit. The egg is inserted into the endosperm of the fruit before the formation of the stone. Incubation lasts about 20-22 days, and hatch begins about the time that the plum seed embryo becomes visible. Larva development is completed by the end of June or early July, then the larvae enter diapause and remain in this state for 1-3 winters. Locally penetrating insecticides, applied when the larvae begin to hatch, provide a significant degree of larval control.
Application of machine learning in the process of classification of advertised jobs
Authors: Cvijetic Branislava , Radivojevic Zaharije
Published: October 2021

Institutions that provide official statistics tend to use external data sources such as administrative data sources besides regular statistical surveys. In addition to the mentioned data sources, Big Data became recognized as a new data source for the provider of official statistics. Classification of textual data is one of the elementary tasks for the provider of official statistics, regardless of data sources. In this paper, application of traditional machine learning algorithms, Multinomial Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine, for the classification of advertised jobs according to ISCO-08, has been presented. The paper presents the methods of collecting data on advertised jobs from four websites and procedures for creating a multilingual dataset. There are different types of text preprocessing, such as converting uppercase letters into lowercase letters, stopword removal, punctuation mark removal, lemmatization, correction of commonly misspelled words, and reduction of replicated characters. We hypothesized that the application of different combinations of preprocessing methods influenced the text classification results. Two experiments had conducted to test the hypothesis. Both experiments results showed that using the Support Vector Machine algorithm on a created dataset gives better results than Multinomial Naive Bayes. Performed experiments showed that the proposed algorithms gave a good performance with an overall accuracy of up to 90% but with different accuracy for individual classes due to an imbalanced dataset.
Study of the Influence of Solvent and Column Temperature on the Separation Effectiveness of LMW Glutenins by RP-HPLC
Authors: Gojković Cvjetković Vesna , Grujić Radoslav , Marjanović-Balaban Željka , Rajić Danijela
Published: October 2021

Gluten contains two fractions, which are represented in equal amounts. These are soluble gliadins and insoluble glutenins. Glutenin fraction is responsible for the dough and gluten viscoelastic properties. The dominant type of protein in glutenins are LMW glutenins. The aim of this paper was to examine the influence of solvent type and column temperature on the separation effectiveness of LMW glutenins. Extraction was performed with 50% (v/v) ethanol, 1-propanol and isopropanol to which Tris-HCl (0.05 mol/l, pH=7.5), urea (2 mol/l) and dithioerythritol (1%) were added. Separation of LMW glutenins was performed on HPLC Agilent Techologies 1260 Infinity apparatus. After the extraction with 50% (v/v) ethanol, 1-propanol and isopropanol to which Tris-HCl (0.05 mol/l, pH=7.5), urea (2 mol/l) and dithioerythritol (1%) were added, the highest number of proteins was observed after extraction with 50% (v/v) 1-propanol and at a column temperature of 40°C (Xsr=20, respectively RC=69.56%), and the lowest number at a column temperature of 45°C (Xsr=14.17, respectively RC=66.42%). The obtained results were read at a wavelength of 210 nm. After the extraction of LMW glutenins with 50% (v/v) ethanol, 1-propanol and isopropanol to which Tris-HCl (0.05 mol/l, pH=7.5), urea (2 mol/l) and dithioerythritol (1%) were added and detected at a wavelength of 280 nm, the highest number of proteins was observed after extraction with 50% (v/v) isopropanol and at a column temperature of 50°C (Xsr=24.17, RC=56.47%) and the lowest number of proteins after extraction with 50% (v/v) ethanol and at a column temperature of 50°C (Xsr=12.17, RC=56.45%).
Comparative Overview of the Quality of Life in Serbia and North Macedonia Analyzed According to Numbeo Database
Authors: Dajić Milan , Staletović Maja , Dajić Jelena
Published: October 2021

In economic theory and practice, the term standard of living has emerged in recent decades. It was created as a suitable response to problems related to people’s lives, regional inequalities in the level of development and served as an acceptable concept for more complex valorization of development potentials, especially in rural areas. The subject of the research is a comparative analysis of the quality of life in Serbia and Northern Macedonia according to Numbeo database. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of living standards from both economic and sociological aspects, as well as to review the position of Serbia and Northern Macedonia in relation to other countries in the region based on the analysis of collected data and research. The reason for the comparative presentation of Serbia and Northern Macedonia is that the quality of life is at an approximate level. The salary of employees in education in these countries represents an average income that is sufficient for a satisfactory quality of life. The standard of living of a country depends on a number of factors such as political factors, economic factors, demographic, environmental and cultural factors.
Body Mass Index and Motor Status of Preschool Children
Authors: Pelemiš Vladan M. , Pavlović Slobodan , Nikolić Ivko , Ujsasi Darijan
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to establish the existence of gender differences in motor skills in the preschool period as well as to check their nutritional status. The classification of their nutritional status has been performed based on their body mass index (BMI), based on the percentile values according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (2000). Total sample consisted of 188 examinees with average values of body height (BH=124.59 cm±5.76) and body weight (BW=24.32 kg±3.11) with average age of 6.39±0.44 years, out which boys (N=107) and girls (N=81). Non-experimental research design, ex post facto correlation research plan, has been used. The battery with seven motor tests according to Bala and Popović (2007), has been used in this research. The study results show that the prevalence of malnourished children is 10.64%, well nourished 72.34%, tending to become obese 9.57% and obese children 7.44%, also with the existing gender difference in motor abilities in favour of better average values of boys in coordination, explosive and repetitive strength. The research results show that there is the satisfying percentage of normally nourished children and that the linearity of their nutritional status is in accordance with their motor status, growth and development. On the other hand, the perceived gender difference are present due to differentiation of motor abilities that occurs at this age. The authors point out that greater differences and variability regarding the level of nourishment and motor abilities of children can be expected only in prepuberty period, which will happen in the next phase.
Rhetorical portfolio for the Bachelor of Law Education in Dagestan
Authors: Vadzhibov Malik Dzhamalutdinovich
Published: October 2021

The subject of this research is the currently relevant question of the formation of rhetorical portfolio for the Bachelor of Law Education in the Dagestan State University (discipline 44.03.01). This portfolio is highly demanded due to the need for improving the quality of professional competencies of students during the spread of COVID-19 pandemic, which allows the student to share educational information with the group remotely. The term “Rhetorical Portfolio” suggests which course it should applied in. It may perform the function of a legal document. The scientific novelty of this research lies in detailed description of the topic; offer of a possible structure and approximate thematic content of the rhetorical portfolio; advise to include in the rhetorical portfolio student's achievements, various tasks and reference materials, legal documentation, flaws in the educational process, and recommendations that would allow the future pedagogue of law to succeed in their activity. Rhetorical portfolio is a new technology developed on the basis of extensive experience in teaching eloquence to the humanities students; what needs to be implemented in the educational process and effectively used in modern educational system. Therefore, the material is prepared using the method of observation over educational process, various surveys, and analysis of rhetorical classes. The author underlines the importance of considering local peculiarities in communication to ensure the success of any constructive rhetorical speech in multinational Dagestan. This would also contribute to the development of skills of peer review, critical re-evaluation of the content of the material, and reflection. This document, which consists of three parts, is one-off nature and has variations, should turn into a collective rhetorical portfolio in order to activate the educational process. This is the reflection of an alternative point of view to demonstrate a true picture of personal and collective academic performance.