bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pela solidariedade intelectual e moral da humanidade: 70 anos da UNESCO
Authors: Andrade Antonio De
Published: September 2017

O ano de 2016 assinalou a comemoração internacional das sete décadas de criação da UNESCO. Embora estabelecido, oficialmente, em Londres, em 16 de novembro de 1945, só a partir do ano seguinte, o novo órgão da ONU definiria suas principais linhas de trabalho. No sentido de comemorar sete décadas de atuação internacional, a UNESCO publicou o relatório “De ideias a ações: 70 anos da UNESCO”. No prefácio da publicação, Irina Bokova, diretora-geral da UNESCO, salientou:
Olhares Comunicacionais: o mapeamento das produções acadêmicas da Área, realizadas com o fomento da FAPESP a pesquisadores da ECA/USP e da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Authors: Gabrioti Rodrigo
Published: September 2017

Como a edição 2016 do Pensacom celebra datas de dois Programas de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação, decidimos verificar como seus pesquisadores têm promovido a construção da Área e dela participado. Pelos Programas da ECA/USP, que celebra 50 anos, e da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, cujo Doutorado completa 20 anos, buscamos pesquisas e pesquisadores que receberam fomento da FAPESP. Adotamos a pesquisa documental com a Biblioteca Virtual (BV) da FAPESP para chegar às realizações com esse apoio financeiro. Da pesquisa bibliográfica, trazemos a noção de espírito científico, de Gastón Bachelard, por acreditarmos que, a partir do ambiente acadêmico, é que as contribuições devem florescer. Esses momentuns de pesquisa equivalem ao conceito das vivências, postulado por Dilthey (2010). Mesmo com alguns anos de diferença entre um Programa e o outro, percebe-se, em ambos, a preocupação em formar o pesquisador e em estabelecer o diálogo extramuros.
DETERMINING PERMISSIBLE SPEED OF TILTING TRAIN IN CURVED TRACK
Authors: Kapitsa M. I. , Bobyr D. V. , Desiak A. Y.
Published: September 2017

Purpose. The main purpose of the article is to determine the permissible speed of the air-cushioned tilting train in curved track and to justify the expediency of operating this type of rolling stock on the railways of Ukraine to increase the speed, improve the passenger comfort and save the energy due to more uniform high-speed train driving.Methodology. The determination of the maximum permissible speed of the tilted train in curved track involves the use of methods of linear and vector algebra and empirical formulas for applied scientific and technical research. The calculation of the maximum speed is based on the principle of calculating centrifugal force for the velocities that meet the safety criteria of movement on the horizontal unbalanced acceleration in the stable radius curve. Findings.The results of the calculations showed that in the 1000 m radius curved track section, provided the passenger comfort, the maximum permissible speed of the train without forced tilt is 132 km/h, and with the forced tilt – 189 km/h. The velocity gain in the curve is about 30% and up to 10% on the section (depending on the number of curves). Originality.The method of determining the permissible speed of the tilted train in curved track is improved, which consists in determining the permissible centrifugal force acting on the train in the stable radius curve, taking into account the passenger comfort conditions. Practical value.This method allows accurately determining the permissible speed on the condition of passenger comfort in the curved section and the required additional tilt angle of the train, depending on the speed, curve radius and canting. Enhanced speed and comfort of passenger trains in the future will increase the demand for rail services among the population and strengthen the position of rail transport in Ukraine’s transport system.
A Clinical and Biological Guide for Understanding Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia and Its Prevention
Authors: Dunnill Christopher John , Al-Tameemi Wafaa , Collett Andrew , Haslam Iain Stuart , Georgopoulos Nikolaos Theodoros
Published: September 2017

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is the most visibly distressing side effect of commonly administered chemotherapeutic agents. Because psychological health has huge relevance to lifestyle, diet, and self-esteem, it is important for clinicians to fully appreciate the psychological burden that CIA can place on patients. Here, for the first time to our knowledge, we provide a comprehensive review encompassing the molecular characteristics of the human hair follicle (HF), how different anticancer agents damage the HF to cause CIA, and subsequent HF pathophysiology, and we assess known and emerging prevention modalities that have aimed to reduce or prevent CIA. We argue that, at present, scalp cooling is the only safe and U.S. Food and Drug Administration-cleared modality available, and we highlight the extensive available clinical and experimental (biological) evidence for its efficacy. The likelihood of a patient that uses scalp cooling during chemotherapy maintaining enough hair to not require a wig is approximately 50%. This is despite different types of chemotherapy regimens, patient-specific differences, and possible lack of staff experience in effectively delivering scalp cooling. The increased use of scalp cooling and an understanding of how to deliver it most effectively to patients has enormous potential to ease the psychological burden of CIA, until other, more efficacious, equally safe treatments become available.

Implications for Practice

Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) represents perhaps the most distressing side effect of chemotherapeutic agents and is of huge concern to the majority of patients. Scalp cooling is currently the only safe option to combat CIA. Clinical and biological evidence suggests improvements can be made, including efficacy in delivering adequately low temperature to the scalp and patient-specific cap design. The increased use of scalp cooling, an understanding of how to deliver it most effectively, and biological evidence-based approaches to improve its efficacy have enormous potential to ease the psychological burden of CIA, as this could lead to improvements in treatment and patient quality-of-life.
Crossrail project: building a virtual version of London’s Elizabeth line
Authors: Taylor Malcolm
Published: September 2017

The Crossrail project to deliver London’s new Elizabeth line involves building two railways: a virtual one and a physical one. The virtual version was used to facilitate design, construction and subsequent operation of the actual railway, and they had to be achieved together. This paper describes the development of the digital engineering and building information modelling environment from the perspective and context of the virtual railway. It sets out the information principles adopted at the start of the detailed design stage of the project and describes the development of the common data environment in accordance with design collaboration standard BS 1192.
Deflating the shale gas potential of South Africa’s Main Karoo basin
Authors: De Kock Michiel O. , Beukes Nicolas J. , Adeniyi Elijah O. , Cole Doug , Götz Annette E. , Geel Claire , Ossa Frantz-Gerard
Published: September 2017

The Main Karoo basin has been identified as a potential source of shale gas (i.e. natural gas that can be extracted via the process of hydraulic stimulation or ‘fracking’). Current resource estimates of 0.4–11x109 m3 (13–390 Tcf) are speculatively based on carbonaceous shale thickness, area, depth, thermal maturity and, most of all, the total organic carbon content of specifically the Ecca Group’s Whitehill Formation with a thickness of more than 30 m. These estimates were made without any measurements on the actual available gas content of the shale. Such measurements were recently conducted on samples from two boreholes and are reported here. These measurements indicate that there is little to no desorbed and residual gas, despite high total organic carbon values. In addition, vitrinite reflectance and illite crystallinity of unweathered shale material reveal the Ecca Group to be metamorphosed and overmature. Organic carbon in the shale is largely unbound to hydrogen, and little hydrocarbon generation potential remains. These findings led to the conclusion that the lowest of the existing resource estimates, namely 0.4x109 m3 (13 Tcf), may be the most realistic. However, such low estimates still represent a large resource with developmental potential for the South African petroleum industry. To be economically viable, the resource would be required to be confined to a small, well-delineated ‘sweet spot’ area in the vast southern area of the basin. It is acknowledged that the drill cores we investigated fall outside of currently identified sweet spots and these areas should be targets for further scientific drilling projects.

Significance: 

This is the first report of direct measurements of the actual gas contents of southern Karoo basin shales.
The findings reveal carbon content of shales to be dominated by overmature organic matter.
The results demonstrate a much reduced potential shale gas resource presented by the Whitehill Formation.
Journalists’ Associations in Poland Before and After 1980
Authors: Furman Wojciech
Published: September 2017

Even under the authoritarian political system, the Association of Polish Journalists was able to achieve a certain level of independence. Journalists sought to use any possibility to expand the area of their freedom; however, the more possibilities arose, the bigger were differences of opinions about the ways and means of democratization. Contemporary arguments between diverse journalists’ associations in Poland reveal how difficult it is to separate a common concern for professional journalism from political divisions.
The plural ending –le and influences between the inflectional and the derivational morphology
Authors: Croitor Blanca
Published: September 2017

In this article we describe the situations in which the plural ending –le has a derivative value, creating feminine plural nouns. This ending is part of two suffixes used to derive plural nouns, –ale and –ele (both with complex suffixes). In some borrowed formations the suffixes were attached to the etymons in order to adapt them to the Romanian morphological system, while other formations were created in Romanian. Some neological formations with –ale were borrowed and they are analysable in Romanian. We present a list with the derivatives created with these suffixes (and the developed suffixes), based on several dictionaries: DA, DLR, DI, and MDA. In the article we make some remarks regarding the dating of these suffixes and formations, their productivity, the relation between the plural derivatives and the singular nouns (if there are any) and we describe some theoretical aspects.
Morphological instances of veri in old (Daco-)Romanian
Authors: Dinică Andreea
Published: September 2017

In old Romanian, veri < lat. velis has various morphological values—predicative verb (veri is, etymologically, the 2nd person singular of the verb a vrea ‘to want’), future auxiliary (veri face ‘you will do’), conjunction or part of a disjunctive conjunction (veri ... veri ‘either ... or’), concessive conjunction (să veri că ‘although’), component of indefinite pronouns (vericine ‘whoever’, vericît ‘no matter how much’, etc.). The formal evolution from the predicative value is the result of a grammaticalization process identified both in Romanian (where it continues a process started in Late Latin) and in other languages, genealogically unrelated, from which Albanian is suggestive for comparison. The purpose of this article is to make an inventory of the formal-functional occurrences of veri, widely attested in old Romanian.
Ipostaze morfologice ale formei veri în (daco)româna veche
Authors: Dinică Andreea
Published: September 2017

În dacoromâna veche, veri < lat. velis are diferite valori morfologice, de la valoarea primară, cea de verb predicativ (veri – a vrea, 2sg), la verb auxiliar (veri face), conjuncție sau element component al unui conector disjunctiv (veri ... veri), respectiv concesiv (să veri că), formant al indefinitelor (vericine, vericît etc.). Evoluția de la valoarea verbală la celelalte tipuri este rezultatul unui proces de gramaticalizare identificat nu numai în română, unde continuă tendința începută în latina tîrzie, ci și în alte limbi, neînrudinte genealogic, dintre care sugestivă pentru comparație este albaneza. Scopul acestui articol este inventarierea și exemplificarea ocurențelor formal-funcționale ale lui veri, bogat atestate de timpuriu în română.
Evoluția descendenților lui ipse în limba română
Authors: Vasilescu Andra
Published: September 2017

Lat. ipse a evoluat diferit în limbile romanice, limba română fiind cea care a conservat cel mai bine uzurile, îmbogățindu-le cu unele noi. Scopul cercetării este de a pune în evidență evoluția reflexelor formal-funcționale ale lui ipse pe teren românesc: îns1, îns2/ins, îns(ă)3, însul, nusul, dînsul, adins, însuși, posibil și focalizatorul legat –și. Analiza este o dezvoltare a unor cercetări anterioare pe un corpus extins de limbă veche, completat acum cu un corpus amplu de română contemporană non-standard, vorbită subdialectal. Fenomenele semnificative din româna veche comparativ cu latina sînt proliferarea formelor, conservarea uzurilor paralel cu apariția unora noi, îmbogățiri semantice și constituirea unor sinonimii lexico-funcționale relativ numeroase. Româna veche a reorganizat cuplurile formă-funcție, a introdus variante poziționale condiționate sintactic și marcarea diferențială a obiectului prepozițional, a lărgit sensurile ca efecte contextuale ale prototipului focalizator, a limitat ambiguitatea cu reflexivul și reciprocul, a gramaticalizat deicticul textual demonstrativ în conjuncție adversativă. Pentru româna modernă sînt semnificative constituirea unor omonimii lexico-gramaticale care elimină ambiguitățile, precum și apariția unor diferențe de registru. Evoluția lat. ipse pe teren românesc ilustrează un caz de poligramaticalizare și polimorfism, care nu e singular în istoria idiomurilor neo-latine.
Auxiliarul condiționalului românesc: argumente semantice și funcționale în reconstituirea unui proces de gramaticalizare controversat
Authors: Zafiu Rodica
Published: September 2017

Articolul își propune să demonstreze avantajele explicative ale vechii ipoteze asupra originii auxiliarului condiționalului analitic românesc (aș + infinitiv) în imperfectul verbului (a) vrea < *volere (< VELLE). Procesul de gramaticalizare, reconstituit prin comparația cu celelalte limbi romanice și prin raportare la direcții tipice ale schimbării lingvistice, presupune faze semantice intermediare (valoarea de viitor în trecut, valoarea ipotetică preponderent contrafactuală), ale căror urme se pot găsi în primele texte românești (traduse), dar au fost puse, în general, pe seama simplei calchieri din limbile-sursă. Utilizările condiționalului cu auxiliarul cu formă redusă (aș, ai etc. + infinitiv) sînt raportate la cele (coocurente în textele vechi) ale condiționalului în care auxiliarul este recognoscibil (vrea + infinitiv) și pentru care este încă puternică valoarea din prima etapă de gramaticalizare—de viitor în trecut. Textul propune și o explicație pentru formele atipice din paradigma auxiliarului de condițional—aș(i), ar(ă)—prin suprapunerea dintre formele de imperfect și cele de perfect simplu ale verbului (a) vrea.
The perfective auxiliary o in the Moldavian variety. Diachrony and synchrony
Authors: Botez Mădălina , Dragomirescu Adina
Published: September 2017

The aim of the paper is the analysis of the perfective auxiliary o in the Moldavian variety. The paper starts by discussing the origin, the dating, the localization, and the evolution of the form o in Romanian, until the 19th century. Against the literature and the linguistic atlases according to which the form o is general in Moldavia, our corpus study has revealed that the forms a and au are also used alongside the form o, under the influence of the standard language; moreover, the form o shows a tendency towards specialization for contexts with multiple cliticization.

Our analysis—which contributes to the understanding of the phonology-morphology interface—can be extended to the study of other regional varieties of Romanian.
Construcții (pseudo)scindate în româna veche
Authors: Gheorghe Mihaela
Published: September 2017

Articolul examinează trăsăturile sintactice și semantice ale structurilor scindate în limba română veche, în comparație cu tiparele din româna modernă. Prin mecanismul de scindare, în limba actuală se pot obține exclusiv construcții pseudo-scindate (structuri de identificare cu relative libere introduse prin ce sau structuri relative cu antecedent, în care constituentul focalizat este plasat la finalul construcției, după copulă, sau tipare inverse, cu constituentul focalizat plasat înaintea copulei și a relativei). Analiza unui corpus de limbă română veche a arătat că aceste construcții erau destul de frecvente, însă tiparele erau mai variate: pe lîngă structurile scindate și pseudo-scindate prototipice, se regăsesc și structuri hibride, care amalgamează trăsături ale celor două variante.
Construcții comparative în limba română veche
Authors: Brăescu Raluca
Published: September 2017

În articolul de față realizăm o analiză a construcțiilor cu adjective gradate în textele vechi românești. Ne oprim asupra comparativului de superioritate, astfel că avem în vedere, în primul rînd, stadiul de gramaticalizare a operatorilor de grad implicați. Structurile înregistrate în textele vechi includ unități polifuncționale în competiție, dintre care unele intră în procese complexe de specializare (mai), iar altele dispar (camai). În al doilea rînd, prezentăm realizările complementului comparativ în corpusul analizat: grupuri prepoziționale avînd drept centru prepozițiile de, decît și ca. Ne interesează în ce măsură se pot stabili restricții de utilizare a acestor prepoziții. Vom acorda o atenție specială „anomaliilor” de topică a unităților. Configurațiile în care complementul comparativ este antepus adjectivului se pun în legătură cu existența unor urme ale sintaxei nonconfiguraționale în limba română veche.
Interjecția în texte vechi românești
Authors: Manu Magda Margareta
Published: September 2017

Lucrarea încearcă să identifice problemele speciale puse de studiul interjecției în limba română veche (pe baza examinării unui corpus de texte aparținînd perioadei 1600–1780, raportate la texte din româna modernă). Am urmărit în ce mod anumite formațiuni interjecționale au dobîndit, prin expansiune diacronică, noi valori gramaticale, semantice și pragmatice.

Structura lucrării este următoarea: secțiunea introductivă (§1) prezintă pe scurt poziția autoarei privind statutul ocupat de categoria interjecției la nivel morfosintactic, semantic și pragmatic (§1.1) și privind relația dintre diverse structuri lingvistice și procesul lor de gramaticalizare / pragmatizare (§1.2); §2 se referă la traseele specifice urmate de evoluția diverselor categorii de interjecții analizate, de la româna veche spre româna modernă: prezentativele adecă, iată, ni (§2.1), hortativele haide, ni (§2.2), conativele bre, măi (§2.3), conectorii cu funcție de semnale demarcative adevăr, amin (§2.4); §3 are ca obiectiv descrierea unei specii de derivație delocutivă, ilustrată, în limba română, de variantele semantice lexicalizate ale interjecției secundare Doamne!; studiul se încheie cu cîteva concluzii referitoare la rezultatele cercetării (§4).
Use of Social Media Technologies (SMTs) by Faculty Members, Research Scholars and Post-Graduate Students of Management Studies
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Walia Paramjeet Kaur
Published: September 2017

The Social Media Technologies (SMTs) offer facilities for information dissemination this paper aims to assess the awareness and use of SMTs by faculty members, research scholars and post-graduate students of management studies. A survey was carried out in ten management institutions located in the National Capital Region (NCR) of Delhi. The findings revealed that respondents in the field of management studies are quite aware of SMTs and prefer to use YouTube, Wikis and Blogs for their work related purposes. Podcast and Micro-blogging are less used tools.
More the Tweets More the Citations: Do Altmetric Variables Contribute to Citations?
Authors: Ravikumar S.
Published: September 2017

The present study was carried out to examine the alternative metrics variables twitter and its relationships with citation pattern for scholarly articles. This study was carried on with top 100 twitted articles for the year 2014-15 and the second set of data was specific to the “Genomic” subject domain, around 131 hot paper was identified and their twittes and citation data was studied. From the study it was found that the top tweeted articles did not have any kind of correlation with citation its ϐ value was 0.071. While the second set of data from the “Genomic” subject showed a strong positive linear correlation between the Twitter count and Citation counts its ϐ value was 0.72.
Comparison of Selected Journal Quality Indicators of Analytical Chemistry Journals
Authors: Ahmad Akil , Ahmad Shakil , Waris Abu , Abdel-Magid Isam Mohammed
Published: September 2017

Aim of this research study is to predict the correlation, if any, between the journal impact factor, SCImago ranking, Eigenfactor score and H-index of Analytical chemistry journals and quality of these journals. JIF is considered a good parameter for evaluation of scientific journals but has been criticized on many counts such as self-citation, limitation to English language etc. Seventy five (75) analytical chemistry journals indexed in WoS and Scopus databases were selected in this research for comparison of various indices. Correlations between indices (JIF, ES, SJR, and H-index) were evaluated using Pearson and Spearson’s correlation. Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry was at the top with JIF of 8.0 and the lowest for American Laboratory journal with JIF of 0.028. In case of SCImago ranking, Eigenfactor score and H-index, highest valued journals were reported as Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry (SJR = 3.078), Analytical Chemistry (ES = 0.1588) and Analytical Chemistry (H-index = 109). Lowest valued journals were reported as American Laboratory journal (SJR = 0.106), Archeosciences-Revue D Archeometrie (ES = 0.0001) and Instrumentation Science and Technology (H-index = 0). Throughout the study, none of the journals had the same ranking to compare different indicators. Pearson’s correlation between JIF and SJR values reached a high value (0.936) as compared to either ES (0.558) or H5 (0.567).
Bacilli in the breast
Authors: Thyagarajan Mohanapriya , Nallasivam Mahin , Singh Balaji
Published: September 2017

Background: Breast tuberculosis is uncommon even in countries where the incidence of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis is high. The incidence of breast tuberculosis is less than 1% of the total breast pathologies in the world.Methods: This is a prospective study wherein all cases of breast tuberculosis with age above 18 years with only primary breast tuberculosis in both sexes. A total of 40 patients were diagnosed with breast tuberculosis. Most of the patients were treated as outpatient. All the patients were subjected to Imaging (Ultrasonagram or Mammogram) and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). When FNAC was in conclusive, core needle biopsy was done. When none of the investigations were contributive, patient was subjected to excision biopsy. The tissue was sent for histopatho logical examination, gene xpert, AFB culture and sensitivity.Results: Diagnosis of breast tuberculosis was confirmed in all the 40 patients either with fine needle aspiration cytology or biopsy. All patients were with anti-tuberculous treatment as per the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program of India (RNTCP). All patients responded well and had complete recovery. Overall prognosis of breast tuberculosis was good.Conclusions: Breast tuberculosis is often mistaken for carcinoma breast. Clinical examination often fails to differentiate carcinoma breast from tuberculosis and a high index of suspicion is necessary. Mammography is not of much help as the findings in carcinoma in advanced stage are similar to that of tubercular lesion.
Lateral partial internal sphincterotomy-a complete relief in chronic fissure in ANO
Authors: Aishwin Saravana Kumar Ramalingam , Vishnuvarthan Selvaraj
Published: September 2017

Background: Lateral internal sphincterotomy is the only choice in the treatment of the fissure in ano. Complete and partial sphincterotomy was followed in variable individuals. But post-operative complication like incontinence, early mobilization and early recovery is to be made into account for best results among these patients.Methods: This study is made in 2015-2016 period among 52 patients with chronic fissure in ano, partial sphincterotomy i.e., division of internal sphincter below the dentate line was performed. Post-operative follows up and symptoms were recorded, in such cases treated adequately. The period of revisit was decided according to patient compliance 1 month, 3months, 6 months. The data was collected prospectively and recorded in view of change in the treatment.Results: 47 of the patients were pain free within first 5 days of surgery. Remaining 5 patients required further division for pain relief due to persistent pain after 3 weeks. The associated post-operative complication among these patients was itching due to burning sensation in and around the anus which resolved later. None among these patients developed fecal incontinence.Conclusions: Among all age group of the patients included in this study were subjected to same type of the procedure and results were recorded to give better prognosis with lowest degree of recurrence for which repeat of the same procedure gave the complete relief. Lateral internal partial sphincterotomy is an effective technique for complete relief of pain in chronic fissure in ano.
A comparative study of short term results of open haemorrhoidectomy and stapler haemorrhoidopexy
Authors: Neeralagi Chandrasekhar S. , Kumar Yogesh , K. R. Surag , Suggaiah Lakkanna , Raj Preetham
Published: September 2017

Background: Haemorrhoids are the most common benign anorectal problems worldwide. Treatments of third and fourth degree hemorrhoids include surgical haemorrhoidectomy. Milligan Morgan haemorrhoidectomy (MMH) as described in 1937 has remained the most popular among many techniques proposed. In order to avoid the postoperative drawbacks of Milligan Morgan haemorrhoidectomy, a new surgical treatment for prolapsing haemorrhoids has been described by Longo in 1995, procedure called stapled haemorrhoidopexy which is associated with less postoperative pain and a quicker recovery. The objective of this study was to compare the short-term outcome between stapled hemorrhoidopexy and Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy.Methods: Prospective randomized study of 120 patients with grade 3 and grade 4 haemorrhoids requiring surgical treatment either MMH or SH, 60 in each group for the period of 18 months from June 2014 to November 2015. Post-operative pain, duration of surgery, duration of hospital stays, post-operative complications and time taken to return to work were compared with mean follow up period of 6 months.Results: Duration of surgery is significantly low in stapled group with P <0.001, duration of hospital stay is significantly low in stapled group with P <0.001, post-operative pain low in staple group with P <0.05, time taken to return to work is significantly early in stapled group with P <0.001. Post-operative complications incontinence not found in the present study but recurrence of two cases in each group noted.Conclusion: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy is associated with less postoperative pain, shorter duration of surgery and hospital stay, earlier return to work as compared with Milligan-Morgan open hemorrhoidectomy. The procedure is not associated with major post-operative complications.
The clinical study of incidence and role of co-morbid conditions in management and outcome of burns patients
Authors: Naik M. Madhusudana , Nagaprasad N. , Vishwanath Varun
Published: September 2017

Background:The clinical study of incidence and role of co-morbid conditions in management and outcome of burns patients. The objective of this study was to determine the role of comorbid conditions in burns patient management and to understand the outcome the morbidity and mortality in burns patients with comorbid conditions.Methods: One hundred patients suffering burn injury with associated comorbid conditions had been selected randomly (every third burns patient with associated comorbidity). Co-morbidities associated were noted from history given by the patients. It is a prospective observational clinical study of 2 years of duration. Patients admitted in the department of burns and reconstructive surgery from the 2104 October up to twenty-four months were included in this prospective study.Results: It is a clinical observational prospective study. Study involve 100 burns patients with comorbidities: alcoholics (53%), smokers (15%), diabetic (12%), obesity (7%), psychiatric illness (6%), epilepsy (5%), bronchial asthma (2%). It was observed that morbidity and mortality were more in alcoholic (49%) and diabetic patients (33%) when compared to other co-morbid conditions. Wound infections and delayed wound healing was found more in diabetic patients. Incidence of higher percentage of burns was found in alcoholic patients.Conclusions: This study concluded that comorbid conditions increased the duration of hospital which also affected mortality, with longest stay of 102 days and average duration of stay of patients with co-morbid conditions was 45-65 days.
Proportion of malignancy in cervical lymphadenopathy
Authors: David Sandeep Kumar , Joseph Bonny A. , B. K. Easwarapillai , Varma R. R.
Published: September 2017

Background: Cervical lymphadenopathy is a commonly encountered presenting complaint in out-patient departments. There are many reasons for cervical lymphadenopathy in a range spanning from benign through infective to malignant pathology. This study aims to find out the proportion of malignancy in such patients.Methods: 100 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy who fulfilled the criteria were included in the study from January 2015 to June 2016. Each patient underwent clinical examination and investigations including ESR, total count, fine needle aspiration cytology and biopsy.Results: Out of the 100 cases examined, 19 (19%) had malignancy. Among them, 6 (6%) had primary malignancy and 13 (13%) had secondary malignancy. 25 (25%) had tuberculous lymphadenopathy and 46 (46%) had reactive hyperplasia.Conclusions: There is significant incidence of malignancy in patients with cervical lymphadenopathy. The most common was metastatic lymph node from a primary malignancy. It is important to keep this in mind while evaluating a case of cervical lymphadenopathy.
Preoperative prediction of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy using a scoring system
Authors: Khetan Ashish K. , Yeola Meenakshi
Published: September 2017

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become gold standard for the surgical treatment of gallbladder disease. 2% to 15% of patients require conversion to open surgery for various reasons. Pre-operative prediction of “difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy” may not only improve patient safety but also be useful in reducing the overall cost of therapy. The aim of this study is to study the factors determining the preoperative predictability of difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Method: 30 cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy operated by a single experienced surgeon. There are total 15 score from history, clinical and sonological findings. They were evaluated and scored on the basis of scoring system of Randhawa and Pujahari. Score up to 5 is defined as easy, 6-10 as difficult and 11-15 as very difficult.Result: Previous history of hospitalization for cholecystitis and increased gall bladder wall thickness were found statistically significant in predicting difficult LC.Conclusion: The scoring system had a positive prediction value for easy prediction of 81.9% and for difficult prediction of 75%.
Follow up of meningomyelocele and associated hydrocephalus, bladder and/or bowel incontinence and foot deformity in a developing country
Authors: Dikshit Vishesh , Gupta Abhaya , Patil Prashant , Kekre Geeta , Kothari Paras , Kulkarni Apoorva
Published: September 2017

Background: Meningomyelocele (MMC) and meningocele (MC) are the two most common types of neural tube defects (NTD) seen. Some of the problems associated with care of these patients are psychological stress is parents, average financial condition of caretakers, ignorance on the part of parents, local physicians for management of this condition, very few dedicated Spina bifida clinics and social stigma associated with this condition. The aim of treatment of meningomyelocele is to the patients with maximum mobility and social continence which is possible through multidisciplinary care involving paediatric surgeon, paediatrician, nursing staff, occupational therapist, physiotherapist, social worker, parents and patients themselves. The aim of this study is to discuss our experience in initial management of meningomyelocele (MMC) and hydrocephalus and long-term management of bladder/bowel incontinence and foot deformity in a tertiary care hospital of a developing country.Methods: A retrospective nonrandomized observational study was conducted in the department of pediatric surgery at a tertiary hospital, from August 2008 to October 2015. Overall 145 patients of meningomyelocele were included in the study. Patients were managed according to our institution protocol.Results: 68.2% MMC patients were repaired primarily. 24.1% of total patients needed Y-V plasty skin advancement flap. 7.5% patients needed synthetic patch for dural closure. 24.1% patients were incontinent since birth. 19.3% patients had decreased lower limb power since birth. 5.5% patients were incontinent after MMC repair. 8.2% patients had decreased lower limb power after MMC repair. 28.9% patients needed VP shunt for gross hydrocephalus before MMC repair. 51.03% patients needed VP shunt after MMC repair. 20% patients did not require VP shunt in the present series. 13.1% patients in the present series had urinary incontinence. 11.03% patients had fecal incontinence. 73.6% patients with urinary incontinence were successfully managed with conservative treatment. 87.5% patients with fecal incontinence responded to conservative treatment. Bladder augmentation was done in 26.3% of neurogenic bladder dysfunction patients. 60% of these patients had dry interval of more than 4 hours. MACE was done in 12.5% of neurogenic bowel dysfunction patients. 2 patients required simultaneous bladder augmentation, Mitrofanoff’s and MACE procedure. One of these patients achieved a dry interval of >4 hour.Conclusions: Successful rehabilitation of children with MMC can be achieved with parental education and support, dedicated clinicians, trained nursing staff, regular follow-up and low threshold for diagnosing clinical deterioration and proactive management to prevent further clinical deterioration.
Biofeedback pelvic floor exercise therapy for pelvic floor dyssynergia: an observational study
Authors: Porwal Ashwin , Gandhi Paresh , Kulkarni Deepak
Published: September 2017

Background: Pelvic floor dyssynergia (PFD) is one of the commonest subtypes of constipation and treated conservatively but is often unsatisfactory. Biofeedback Pelvic Floor Exercise Therapy (BFT) has been introduced as an alternative treatment. Method: A prospective study was conducted at Healing Hands Clinic, Pune. Total 35 patients diagnosed as having pelvic floor dyssynergia confirmed by MR defecography (MRD) enrolled in to the study. All patients trained for pelvic floor muscle exercise. Patient performed exercise 20 minutes per day for 12 weeks. Data have been collected using a standardized questionnaire (Longo's obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) score, Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) and Bristol stool score and performed anal manomentry test (3-D HDAM) at every 4 weeks. Result: Study result demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the mean resting pressure, maximum squeezing pressure and average of 10 seconds hold (from 69.83±6.40 to 39.87±5.51, 98.67±17.23 to 128.67±26.92, 78.70±15.41 to 109.00±22.23, P = 0.005 at week 12). The mean total ODS decreased significantly (p<0.0005) from baseline to 22.92±4.03 to 11.46±6.76 at week 12. Also, individuals ODS score items were significantly improved at week 8 and week 12. Bristol stool score significantly improved from 2.12±1.14 to 4.04±0.96 at 12 weeks (p<0.0005). Significant improvements were recorded in all four individual score domains (physical discomfort, psychosocial discomfort, worries and concerns, satisfaction) and total score of PAC-QOL at week 12. Conclusion: Biofeedback therapy provides improvement in bowel symptoms, anorectal function and reduces use of aperients in constipated subjects with pelvic floor dyssynergia
Simultaneous surgery for primary and nodes in carcinoma penis: a rural tertiary medical centre experience and results
Authors: A. C. Senthil Kumar , S. Rajesh
Published: September 2017

Background: Historically surgery for nodes in carcinoma penis was done as staged procedure due to fear of higher morbidity and longer hospital stay. However, in view of the established safety of the simultaneous procedure, very few centres do simultaneous surgery for nodes and primary in cancer penis.Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the simultaneous surgeries for nodes and primary for carcinoma penis done at our hospital, during the period April 2015 to March 2017 were done and various parameters were calculated and compared with historical standards of various series.Results: The various parameters namely wound morbidity, hospital stay and complications were analysed and compared with historical standards. A total of 15 patients during the above mentioned were found to be suitable for the analysis after having excluded patients who had previous therapy and inoperable tumours. The mean follows up period was 12 months (ranging from 8 to 20 months). The mean hospital stay was 15 days (range from 12 days to 25 days). The skin margin necrosis rate was 6.67%, wound infection rate was 6.67% and there were no perioperative deaths. The same was compared with historical standards.Conclusions: Simultaneous surgery for primary and nodes in carcinoma penis is safe and the standard results are reproducible in a rural tertiary medical centre like ours.
An intraluminal jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumor near DJ flexure with gastrointestinal bleed: a rare case report
Authors: Bansal Manish , Gupta Sameer , Goel Kanika , Mittal Sulbha
Published: September 2017

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors arising in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT).  In GIT, the most common site of presentation is stomach followed by small intestine, colon, rectum and oesophagus. Here we report a rare case of intraluminal jejunal GIST with history of pain abdomen, occasional vomiting and GI bleed. Patient was taken up for exploratory laparotomy. Intraoperative findings revealed a hard-nodular growth in antimesenteric border of jejunum, 5 cm distal to duodenojejunal flexure (DJ) partially obstructing the lumen. Anastomosis was quite difficult due to presence of growth near DJ flexure and chances of leak were high. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and doing well after 1 year of follow up with no recurrence.
Osseous endometrium presenting as menorrhagia, successful outcome by hysteroscopy: a case report and review
Authors: Anant Monika , Singh Amrita
Published: September 2017

Osseous endometrium is a rare clinical entity with the presence of bone in the endometrium. Almost all cases in literature have been reported as presenting with secondary infertility often having a prior history of a 1st or 2nd trimester abortion. This interesting case was 38 years age, presented with menorrhagia for few months only, had her last child birth 12 years ago by caeasarean delivery, her menstrual problem subsided with successful hysteroscopic removal of the bony chips. Although rare, the diagnosis is suspected on ultrasonography and can be managed easily with hysteroscopy which can visualize and simultaneously remove the bony spicules.
A study of oral glucose tolerance test in offspring of uniparental and biparental diabetics in a tertiary care hospital in north India
Authors: Arvind Kumar Nitin Ranjan Gupta ,
Published: September 2017

Objective: To study oral glucose tolerance test in offspring of uniparental and biparental diabetics in a tertiary care hospital in north India. Methods: This was a prospective comparative observational study. A total of 14 families were studied (7 uiniparentaleither husband or wife diabetic, 7 biparental-both husband and wife were diabetic).their all offspring were recruited who consented for the study. Each offspring was subjected to a detailed history with clinical examination. Anthropometric parameters, glucose levels, lipid profile, serum uric acid and microalbuminuria were measured. Results: More than one third of patients of Uniparental (46.7%) and 13.3% of Biparental were between 26-30 years of age. Most of the patients in both the groups were males.There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in fasting 1 hour and 2 hour plasma glucose, anthropometric parameters, lipid profile, serum uric acid and microalbuminuria between offspring of Uniparental and Biparental Diabetics. However, increased level of plasma glucose, lipid profile, serum uric acid and microalbuminuria was observed in Uniparental and Biparental than controls. Conclusion: The findings of this study reflect that there is high level of plasma glucose , lipid profile and serum uric acid among the offspring of diabetics, probably due to some genetic predisposition. If parents with diabetes become more conscious about their status and lead life more carefully, the rate of diabetic offspring will be lower.
Working With an Aboriginal Community to Understand Drinking Water Perceptions and Acceptance in Rural New South Wales
Authors: Jaravani Fidelis G , Massey Peter D , Judd Jenni , Taylor Kylie A , Allan Jason , Allan Natalie , Durrheim David N , Oelgemoeller Michael
Published: September 2017

This study explored the Walhallow Aboriginal community’s experiences with drinking water to gain a shared understanding about community concerns and to develop ways to address these concerns together. There is a strong connection between people and water, as well as a need to appreciate the social factors associated with the unique cultural and socioeconomic factors that the provision of drinking water has for Aboriginal communities. We used a mixed method design within a community-based participatory action Research (PAR) framework. Water hardness and parental influence were the key factors associated with participants’ decisions to drink rainwater. This study provides important insights for water supply authorities when assessing health risks and when choosing appropriate mitigation measures for water quality improvement programs in Aboriginal communities.
Biografia como método nas Relações Internacionais: uma abordagem voltada para o ensino
Authors: Farias Rogério De Souza
Published: September 2017

The pedagogy of the lecture of International Relations in Brazil is at an incipient stage. This article main objective is to contribute to the field while presenting the biographical method as an opportune manner to show undergraduate students the key concepts of the discipline.
Methods review to study information needs of scientists and specialists
Authors: Pleshakova M. A. , Kalyuzhnaya T. A.
Published: September 2017

Users’ information needs (IN) underlying the system of information-library servicing are still actively studied by specialists of the librarianship. These studies require the correct choice of research methods. The authors attempted to analyze techniques of studying scientists’ and specialists’ IN reflected in professional publications, to find out whether there are new methods, and to determine how these techniques are transformed in a changing environment of information-library activities. Analysis of the documents reflected in DB «Informatics» by VINITI and RSCI, according to a search order of «studying information needs» showed that the range of issues on this problem is rather wide, but the most frequently discussed one is methods and methodology of studying IN. Herewith references discuss various ways of grouping IN research techniques. The authors carry on detailed analysis of these methods and interpreting the issue of their use at a theoretical level based on the research method elements allocated by V. S. Kreidenko, choosing two of them to define the technique essence, in their view. As a result, they conclude that no new method have lately appeared, but IN studying techniques traditionally used in libraries have been modified; in accordance with IN division into the objective and subjective ones, research methods can be divided into two groups as well: techniques of studying subjective IN and techniques to studying objective IN; almost all IN research methods completely or partially can be used in the electronic environment.
An electronic university library user’s status: developing a concept and evaluation criteria
Authors: Baryshev R. A.
Published: September 2017

The article considers an approach of educational activity assessment of a university electronic library, which advantage is in collecting information about users, analyzing their personal data, requests, search history and offering library services for advanced requests. In this case the context is information about users available to a library. This information obtains dynamics determined by the changing user’s status (moving from academic year to year, entering master’s program, postgraduate courses, etc.), his interests and information needs related to academic and scientific activities, hobbies, which are able changing over time.