bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Notas sobre la biología y ecología de Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae), plaga de plantas anarcardiaceas en América tropical. I. Formas inmaduras.
Authors: Soto-Manitiu Julia , Chaverri Luis G. , Jirón Luis Fernando
Published: October 2018

Some details on the biology, behavior and laboratory mass rearing of Anastrepha obliqua are offered. Information on larvaI diets and oviposition substrates are discussed. Eggs of A. obliqua are, very succeptible to dehydratation and they collapse just few minutes after oviposition, if substrate for oviposition is not near 100% R.H. When using fruits as oviposition substrate, smallerfruit species, Spanish plums (Spondias spp.) offer higher yields. Bigger fruits (mango) loose large amounts of water and it accumulates in the sand substrate drowning mature larvae. After analyzing the biological cycle, the weaker part seems to be the 20 minute period in which mature larvae abandon the fallen fruit substrate and crawl few a centimeters on the floor seeking for an appropiate place for ovipositing. In this period large amounts of predators easily diminish larval population. Once pupation takes place, adult forms hatch in small groups, after eleven days, when atmosferic relativehumidity reaches 70%. Another observations are also included.
Prevención del cólera aviar con extractos acuosos de plantas en pollos de engorde.
Authors: Carrillo C. M. , Chinchilla E. A. , González L. A. , Toledo R. A. , Zambrana H. G.
Published: October 2018

This research was conducted from October to De.cember, 1992, based upon the aqueous extracts from plants, at the Chemical, Agricultural and Pharmacy laboratories, by producing anphitochemicals and rnicrobiological tests on the bacterium Pasteurella multocida. The field stage was performed at the training cooperative agricultural farm (GECA) at Chalatenango, and we evaluated 16 treatments with substances from the four individual plants, and their possible combinations and witness. We performed inoculation of the bacteria on chickens of the Arbos Acres line, in arder to determine the preventive results of treatments. We utilized the Weibull model and the survival function, and we obtained significant statistics only for the treatments with the combinations of Quina/Epacine, Stinkwood/Tempate, Stinkwood/ Epacine, and T16 (Quina/Epacine/Stinkwood/ Tempate), and it was this last treatment which showed results on the prevention of fowl cholera.
Investigación y extensión para promover la sostenibilidad en sistemas de granos básicos en zonas de ladera, El Salvador.
Authors: Barber Richard
Published: October 2018

We analyzed the priorities for research and extension that would allow farmers to leave an adequate residue cover on the soil surface, without dirninishing the availability of livestock fodder. We evaluated: 1. The identification of the minimum percentage residue cover to reduce erosion and to promote sustainability for different slope gradients, soil cropping systems and agroecological zones. 2. The practices to improve soil fertility. 3. The selection of improved varieties of grain crops and studies on their association with legume cover crops. 4. Modifications in the residue management 5. The production of alternative livestock feeds for the dry season, to reduce the pressure on residues from livestock. 6. The training of farmers on the need to adopt rational systems of residue utilization, to ensure greater sustainability. We found that to promote sustainability in grain cropping systems, it is essential to carry out carry research and extension activities related to the management of both livestock and grain crops.
Uso de marcadores y selección de gametos para el mejoramiento simultáneo de caracteres múltiples de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) para Mesoamérica y el Caribe.
Authors: Singh Shree P.
Published: October 2018

The objective is to describe the basic requirements and alternative selection methods for simultaneous improvement of maximum number of agronomic characters in the shortest time possible. This strategy includes: (1) deterrnination of the importance and priorities of bean production problems in the region, (2) definition of objectives and priorities of breeding, (3) identification and use of reliable parental sources considered to be donors of necessary genes, (4) development of multipleparent crosses with large number of pollinations to produce sufficient seed of each cross, (5) evaluation and selection for currently available markers (e.g., for zabrotes, bean common mosaic, bean golden mosaic, rust, anthracnose, apion, common bacterial blight, etc.) from hybridization, (6) alternative selection methods such as gamete selection and single seed descendants (GS-SSD), gamete and pedigree selection using markers (GS-PUM), gamete selection and agronomic evaluation and selection of families in early generations (GS-AEF), or a combination and integration of the GS-PUM and GS-AEF methods; and (7) seeking genuine and direct collaboration and integration in all activities of researchers from different disciplines, institutions, countries and the entire region at key sites foro reliable evaluation of bean nurseries in order to carry out simultaneous selection for a maximum number of agronomic traits.
Selección recurrente recíproca en maíz: tolerancia al ataque del gusano de la mazorca y el cogollero (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
Authors: Fuentes Mario , Pantoja Alberto , Sotomayor Antonio , Beaver James
Published: October 2018

The progressive selection of yield, agronomic characteristics and quantification of damages caused by Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), were evaluated after four selection cycles on maize populations (Zea mays L., varieties Ohio S9, Ohio S10, Mayorbela and Diente de caballo, under chemical control and natural infestation conditions. The experiments were carried out at an experimental site in a tropical agriculture research station (TARS), a USDA station located in Isabela, Puerto Rico. The experimental design consisted of random entire blocks with five repetitions, and treatments were asigned according to a factorial arrangement with parcels divided at a density of 44.444 plants/ha. Significant differences were found among populations and selection cycles for yield, plant and cob height, and percentage of insect-related losses*. The highest yield was obtained from the Ohio S 10 population with 4.824 kg/ha, and 169 kg/ha - a profit of 1.2% per selection cycle. The latest selection cycles showed a greater yield and better agronomic characteristics than the initial selection cycle of each population under improvement. Losses in yield caused by S. frugiperda and H. zea oscillated between 3-21 % and 17-28%, respectively. Ohio S9 showed the greatest los s in yield caused by these insects.
Análisis agroeeonómico del uso de semilla mejorada de maíz en los valles altos de México.
Authors: Espinosa Alejandro , López Miguel A. , Tadeo Margarita
Published: October 2018

The productive capacity of fue generations F1 (commercial seed) and F2 (recycled seed) from the H-34, H- 33, H-68, and H-36 corn hybrids, produced for high valleys of Mexico by the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias (lNIFAP) was evaluated. The simple cross of CIMMYT, and as a reference, of an open pollinated corn variety from INIFAP (V-23) were also evaluated. An analysis of yield and other agronomic characteristics of the materials was performed. Likewise, an economic analysis to determine the optimal alternative for growers concerning the use of seeds during two cycles, was undertaken. All of the hybrids showeda yield decrease when using F2 seed, compared to the use of F2 seed, with the decrease varying from 5.5% to 51.3%. The greatest yield decrease due to use of seed F2 corresponded to the simple hybrid H-34 (F2), which only yielded 4.327 kglha, as compared to 8.892 kg/ha for the corresponding F1 seed. Yield of the V-23 variety was 7.488 kg/ha, which was statistically surpassed by the CIMMYT F1 simple cross (9.930 kglha), and was not significantly different from H-34 (F1), H-33 (F1) - 8.887 kglha; H-36 (F1) - 9.133 kglha; and F2 CIMMYT simple crosses (8.999 kglha). Excluding the latter, no other genotype surpassed the yield of the F2 seed variety. Economic analysis was based on the yields' trial results, on information about prices of seeds and grains, and the seed/hectare rateo The best option for corn producers of the region is to use double hybrid commercial seeds (F1) in both years, which provides a marginal return rate of over 1.500%.
Evaluación de dosis de nitrógeno y fósforo en el cultivo de pitahaya (Hylocereus undatus).
Authors: López-Turcios Oscar , Guido-Miranda Alfonso
Published: October 2018

An experiment with strawberry pear was carried out in the Bluefields experimental center in an inseptisol soil. The experiment started in 1992, and lasted four years. The treatments studied consisted of four Nitrogen levels (0; 40; 80; and 120 kg/ha), and three Phosphorus levels (0; 20; and 40 kg P205/ha), combined in a factorial arrangement (4x3). Two exploratory treatments were included: Potasium (10 kg. 20 kg/ha) , and rnicronutrients (5 kg B/ha, 10 kg Cu/ha, 10 Zn/ha, and 5 kg Mn/ha), combined in a single mix with the highest levels of N and P. In total, there were 14 treatments, which were distributed in complete blocks at random, with four repetitions. Nitrogen had a significant effect on the amount of fruit per plant, as well as on the total yield in the three crops (1994, 1995, and 1996); Phosphorus was significant only in the first and second crops; while the effect of Potasium and the micronutrients was significant only in the third crop. Basedon the response of yield to nitrogen, the three crops showed a significant effect compared to the control (0 kg/ha) at levels of 40 and 80 kg/ha in the first and second crops, and 40 kg/ha in the third crop. Concerning Phosphorus, in 20 and 40 kg P205/ha as compared to the control, in the third crop all the levels were equal. In economic terms, the leve1 of 80 kg/ha of Nitrogen turned out to be more cost-effective for the first crop, with 41.78% and 143.43% marginal return rates, respectively. As for Phosphorus, the greatest return was obtained at 20 kg P205/ha for the three crops: 10.31 %; 22.19%; and 73.23%. The rate of return for Potasium and rnicronutrients was negative in the first two crops; however, in the third crop the return rates were 333.76% and 129.71 % for Potasium and micronutrients, respectively.
Combate integrado de la pudrición radical de la papaya (Phytophthora sp.) a nivel de vivero.
Authors: Ramírez Lenín , Durán Alfredo , Mora Dennis
Published: October 2018

The effect of several strategies - alone and integrated - on the control of the Phytophthora sp. fungae, which causes radical rotting of papaya fruits, was evaluated under nursery conditions. The experiment took place between August 1994 and March 1995 at the University of Costa Rica's Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit, located in Alajuela, Costa Rica. The treatments applied were: sun heat for 30 days; organic fertilizer made from hen droppings; etridiazole fungicide; and the following combinations: sun heat + etridiazole + organic fertilizer; etridiazole + organic fertilizer; sun heat + etridiazole; sun heat + etridiazole + organic fertilizer, and finally, an inoculated control treatment. Soil rows were made, and then they were innoculated with the pathogenic agent, and finally the aforementioned treatments were applied. The treated soils were bagged separately. The Solo Sunrise Hawaiian variety was planted in bags. The percentage of gerrnination, stem diameter at soillevel, plant height, radical system fresh weight, and severity of radical rotting were evaluated three months later. In addition, the effect of the treatments on beneficent soil microorganism populations (actinomyces, protozoa, bacteria, and fungi) was evaluated, as well as those of pathogenic populations. Organic fertilizer increased plant strength. All treatments affected germination; the innoculated control had the greatest germination percentage. Treatments containing organic fertilizer affected germination most.
Requerimientos de humedad relativa y tiempos de incubación para la infección de conidios de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides en frutos de papaya.
Authors: Durán Alfredo , Ramírez Lenín , Mora Dennis
Published: October 2018

The research was carried out at the University of Costa Rica's phytopathology laboratory between October 1995 and March 1996. In an initial phase, some creole papaya fruits from Gu.cimo (Limón province) were used. In order to eliminate latent infections, they were washed and immersed in hot water (49° C for 20 minutes). The fruits were then randomly placed in groups of 20, which conformed each treatment. Finally, they were inoculated by spraying with 5.5 ml of a 10.000 Colletotrichum gloeosporioides spores per mililiter suspension; then they were placed in plastic boxes and stored in containers with a 30°C temperature and relative humidities of 70%, 80%, and 90%. Fruits were kept in the compartments for periods of 5, l0, 15, 20 and 25 hours. Temperature and relative humidity were monitored during the experiment through the incubator's sensors and with a portable hydrothermograph. Finally, the incidence and severity of anthracnose was evaluated. During the second phase, fruits of the Hawaiian sunrise variety were used, following the same procedures applied to the native fruits. In native fruits, 100% of those placed at 80% and 90% relative humidity were contaminated after being in the compartment for five hours. The incidence decreased in the group with 70% relative humidity. The damage level increased with increases in relative humidity, although some erratic behavior was observed. In the test with Hawaiian fruit, the disease incidence increased according with incubation time. Severity showed a similar behavour; however, there was also erratic behavour here.
El efecto de sequía en el crecimiento, la fotosíntesis y la intercepción de luz en frijol cumún.
Authors: Nuñez-Barrios Abelardo , Ritchie Joe , Smucker Alvin J.M.
Published: October 2018

The effect of water deficit on leaf area index, light interception, stomatal conductance, and dry matter production in dry beans was studied in this investigation carried out at Michigan State University, where drought treatments were imposed at different phenological stages such as vegetative (VS), initial flowering (IF) and seed fiJling (SF). Water stress rapidly reduced the Jeaf area index, mostly in IF, causing a significant decrease in light interception. Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis were also reduced by water deficit. However, the C02 assimilation rate had a significant decrease only when stomatal conductance was lower than 0.8 cm/sec. Dry matter production was cJosely related to light interception. Nevertheless, at the same amount of intercepted radiation, production of dry matter in IF lagged behind the control by 6.5%.
Recolección de leguminosas forrajeras nativas y distribución natural de Centrosema en Honduras.
Authors: Wege Linus , Schultze-Kraft Raines , Burgos Conrado
Published: October 2018

Gerrn plasm of native legumes with forage potential was coIlected in Honduras in February 1989. Four hundred and twenty-seven seed samples were taken from 14 out of the 18 departments of the country. More than 80% of fue samples corresponded in descending order of number of samples to the genuses Centrosema, Desmodium, Aeschynomene, Stylosanthes, Vtgna, Macroptilium, Teramnus, Calopogonium and Galactia. Natural distribution of the nine Centrosema species that were identified as native to Honduras is discussed, and distribution maps are presented. The need for additional missions to coIlect germ plasm, mainly from regions presenting a major danger for genetic erosion, is stressed.
Calidad de la semilla de líneas e híbridos de sorgo sometidos a intemperismo.
Authors: Rodríguez Raúl , Narvaez Fernando , Williams Héctor
Published: October 2018

A study was carried out in the Rio Bravo Experimental Station during the 1992-93 fall-winter cycle to evaluate two maintainer lines (susceptible and tolerant to weathering), four restorer lines, and the eight hybrids resulting from crossing these lines. Trials were conducted on lines and hybrids exposed to weathering, and grains were harvested 0, 11, 22, and 33 days after they were physiologically mature. Results indicated that the LRB-ll8B tolerant line showed greater weight/volume ratio and seeding vigor that the LRB-l04B susceptible line, and conferred these advantages on its hybrids. Significant differences were not found for the weight of 1,000 seeds and standard germination.
Rentabilidad de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) en el municipio de San Fernando, Tamaulipas.
Authors: Machuca José Luis , Rodríguez Raúl , Williams Héctor , Montes Noé , Loera Jesús
Published: October 2018

Sorghum profitability was studied in San Fernando, Tamaulipas, in arder to determine the reasons for which farmers of this region continue to grow the crop. Production costs of Rancho "El Paraíso" and of the "El Casanaleño" commons during the period 1987-91 were estimated, and a survey was carried out in the same period to determine the average cost of sorghum production in the area. The profitability indicator (current net value, return rate, and cost-efficiency ratio) for the fa1lwinter 1990-91 agricultural period was estimated based on yield, national and international prices, and interest rates of crediting banks. Results indicated that for regular farmers production costs were 57% lower than those estimated by commercial banks, because farmers do not use fertilizers or pesticides, and they undertake fewer agricultural tasks. Taking into account current production levels, sale prices in Mexico, and actual production costs, this crop turns out to be profitable. However, if international duty-free prices are considered, sorghum production is not profitable.
Selección de líneas para formar híbridos de maíz dulce ricos en Lisina l. Probadores.
Authors: Vega María Cristina , Navarro Enrique , Espinoza José , Guerrero José Luis , Burciaga Gustavo A.
Published: October 2018

Twenty S5 sweet corn lines containing the opaque-2 gene that increases Iysine  contents as well as the sugary-2 gene were evaluated. The lines were crossed with three testers: one unrelated inbred line, and two related synthetic varieties. Six commercial and three experimental hybrids were used during the trials. Test crosses were evaluated in two locations of Mexico during 1994 using a randomized complete block designo The experiment's goal was to compare lines' performance in combination with three testers, taking into account yield, soundness, uniformity, and corn quality. The average response of lines combined with testers was superior than that of commercial hybrids for traits such as flowering time and plant and ear height. Performance factors analyzed (ear length, grain color, uniformity, soundness, and number of marketable ears) in trial crosses were superior or equal in average to those in experimental hybrids, but this was not the case with sugar percentage. The best results were observed with the unrelated LD tester inbred line for agronomic traits and performance factors. This study made possible the selection of lines for future breeding based on the above mentioned traits, as well as the general combining ability for ear length and number of green flag leaves.
Selección de líneas para formar híbridos de maíz dulce ricos en lisina: II. Líneas.
Authors: Vega María Cristina , Navarro Enrique , Espinoza José , Guerrero José Luis , Burciaga Gustavo A.
Published: October 2018

The Maize Mexican Institute "Dr. Mario E. Castro Gil" at Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro has developed endogamic lines with a tendency to produce sweet corn hybrids whose germ plasrn ineludes both the sugary-2 and the opaque-2 genes responsible for Iysine and sugar contento Sixty-one single crosses were obtained from a partial diallel among twentytwo S5 lines (twenty of which were included in Experiment I. Testers); such single hybrids were evaluated using a randornized complete block design in two sites in Mexico during 1994. Agronornic performance of the hybrids produced through the partí al diaIlel was superior to the performance obtained from trial hybrids in Experiment I (line x tester), resulting in a greater precociousness, better plant quality, and longer ears. Overdorninance effects among the lines played an important role in the manifestation of such traits. Hybrids and test crosses showed a similar response on traits such as amount of marketabIe ears, ear quality, number of green flag leaves, and grain color. Based on the previously mentioned results, twenty single hybrids were selected which can be used for semicommercial purposes.
Prueba de mestizos de maíz en el estado de Veracruz, México.
Authors: Castañón Guillermo , Jeffers Dan , Hidalgo Héctor , Tosquy Hugo
Published: October 2018

Twenty-four lines at the S5 inbreeding level were crossed with two testers (CML 247 and CML 254) to produce test crosses. The resulting hybrids were evaluated in San Andrés Tuxtla, and Ignacio de la Llave, where major environmental differences are found in temperature, precipitation, and average height above sea level. Results showed that general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant. Three variables were significant sources of variation in the first case: bad ear cover (BEC), roUen ears (RE), and grain yield (GY); while for hybrid combinations (line x tester), only two variables were significant: BEC and GY. Significant ACE values separated the lines by varialbe evaluated, but the most interesting variable was GY. In general, the best test crosses were superior to their commercial controls. Hybrid 12 had the highest GY, ranking 1 (Tester 1), producing 8973 kg/ha; and hybrid 4 had the lowest GY, ranking 24 (Tester 1), yielding 5480 kg/ha. Hybrids combined with Tester 2 had a lower performance: the highest GY - ranking as 1 - was hybrid 3- which produced 7972 kg/ha; and hybrid 20 showed the lowest GY, producing 3553 kg/ha, occupying the lowest position in the ranking. It was also noted that the lines x tester with the best SCA for GY resulted in higher values in at least one of the other three variables evaluated.
Comportamiento de híbridos de maíz y aptitud combinatoria de líneas con caracteres contrastantes.
Authors: Vergara Narciso , Pandey Shivaji , Kumar Surinder , McLean Scott D. , Rodríguez Sergio
Published: October 2018

Twelve long-eared and twelve thick-eared lines were identified for this purpose. Single crosses were evaluated using a 12 x 12 simple lattice design with four replications in five environments during 1995. General combining ability (GCA) and Specific combining ability (SCA) estimates for grain yield were ca1culated using line x tester analysis. Line 4 (Pop.21xPop.43) registered the highest GCA value (0,58 t/ha) among long-eared lines; while in the group of thick-eared lines the highest GCA values (0,48 t/ha) corresponded to line 19 (Pop.25). The highest yield (8,35 t/ha) and SCA effect of (0,61 t/ha) was produced by cross 4 x 22 (Pop.21xPop.43) x (Pop.32). Results showed that it is important to consider the use of lines with different traits and their heterotic pattern to develop hybrids maximizing Fl performance.
Special Feature Introduction
Authors: Cusack Carole M.
Published: October 2018

Special Feature Introduction: The Sacred Tree
Is Mineral Nutrition of Glyphosate-resistant Crops Altered by Glyphosate Treatment?
Authors: Duke Stephen O. , Reddy Krishna N.
Published: October 2018

Claims have been made that glyphosate application to glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops can result in deficiencies in certain mineral elements in those crops and that this is a cause of increased plant diseases. Strong evidence from multiyear and multisite studies has not verified these
claims. Furthermore, these studies and others have found that glyphosate has no effect or a slight stimulation of yield of GR crops. Crops made resistant to the herbicide glyphosate represent about 80% of the acreage of transgenic (GM) crops grown worldwide. Their continued phenomenal success
over the past 23 years has resulted from the ability to use perhaps the best herbicide yet devised with high-yielding varieties of soybean, maize, canola, sugarbeet, alfalfa, and cotton. Yet, there has been controversy over whether glyphosate adversely affects mineral nutrition of glyphosate-resistant
(GR) crops. These claims have been linked to claims that GR crops are more susceptible to some plant diseases due to manganese deficiencies and other causes and to yield decreases. Two proposed mechanisms of purported glyphosate effects on plant mineral nutrition have been proposed: 1) direct
effects by chelation of mineral cations, especially divalent cations such as Mn++ and 2) toxic effects on rhizoshere microbes involved in plant mineral assimilation. Although, an analysis of all the literature on this topic concluded that most of the literature did not support the view that
glyphosate use in GR crops caused these problems, these claims of adverse effects have received considerable attention from farmers and the general public, and they persist in reviews and on websites. More recently, even stronger evidence refuting claims of altered mineral nutrition in glyphosate-treated
GR crops has been published, while virtually no findings to the contrary have been reported. This short review discusses these new papers and the strong case for a lack of an effect.
Reading I Want My Hat Back by Jon Klassen. Encounters over Seven Months: one child, one book, one adult
Authors: Smith Jenifer
Published: October 2018

Jenifer Smith describes and reflects on seven months of sharing one book with a child who is coming at reading in her own way.
In Search of Bold Beginnings: 'good early education', ethics and moral responsibility
Authors: Bates Agnieszka
Published: October 2018

The Ofsted report entitled Bold Beginnings: the Reception curriculum in a sample of good and outstanding primary schools is part of a research programme aimed at reviewing the primary curriculum and its implementation. Although the report highlights the 'uniqueness' of the Reception
year, it also undermines the principles of Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) and much independent research on early education by heavily privileging synthetic phonics and number work. Serious concerns have, therefore, been voiced about the report, in relation both to Ofsted's recommended
approach to 'good early education' and to aspects of its research methodology. This article focuses on the absence of explicit ethical reflection in the report and proposes an alternative approach to early education that arises from the notion of 'moral responsibility' as the foundation of
good education.
Bold Assertions: a comment on the Bold Beginnings debate
Authors: Richards Colin
Published: October 2018

The Ofsted report Bold Beginnings was met with virulent opposition from the early years community. It tried to foreclose, rather than open up, debate about the Reception year; its wording was particularly incendiary. Almost a year on, straws in the wind suggest that the community's
reaction was justified and that a battle for the soul of Reception is well under way.
Bold Beginnings: what is at stake?
Authors: Trelford Helen
Published: October 2018

This article offers a critique of Ofsted's Bold Beginnings report based on the author's own experience as an early years practitioner. It draws attention to the growing 'readiness' agenda of the Department for Education (DfE) and to its focus on a primarily transmission-based
model of teaching. It reaffirms the necessity of an approach to the Reception year which keeps the meaning-making child at the centre, allowing inquiry to develop and thrive and creativity to flourish.
The Value of Inexperience: young teachers in post-2010 English education policy
Authors: Spicksley Kathryn
Published: October 2018

This article explores how the expansion of the Academies Programme and Teach First, combined with a political programme of economic austerity, has repositioned the role and expectations of young teachers since 2010. Specifically, rapid promotion to leadership has become normalised in
policy discourse, which has the effect of raising expectations placed on new teachers. It argues that the effects of this repositioning have an impact on both new and experienced teachers, and could be contributing to the current recruitment and retention 'crisis' in teaching.
Turning the Tide on 'Coercive Autonomy': learning from the Antidote story
Authors: Park James
Published: October 2018

This article argues that the mental health crisis affecting children and young people can only be addressed by putting in place a radically different model of school accountability from the one we have now. It explores what might be learned from the history of Antidote – an organisation
set up to foster more emotionally supportive school environments –to inform the development of such a model.
Empirical correlation between mortars mechanical and durability tests with different cementitious materials replacements
Authors: Balapour Mohammad , Joshaghani Alireza , Zhao Weijin
Published: October 2018

The durability of concrete against penetration of chloride ions is one of the most important factors that can affect the serviceability of structures. Many tests can measure or predict the durability of concrete structures during their lifespan. Recently, many researchers have tried to provide different relationships and correlations between durability tests. The rapid chloride migration test, the electrical resistivity test and the water absorption test are some of the common and practical tests that may be used for studying the durability and permeability of cementitious materials. Providing an empirical correlation among these tests could yield the opportunity to estimate the durability parameters. This study presents relationships between durability tests and their correlations with the compressive strength in mortars containing rice husk ash, nanosilica and sugar cane bagasse ash. The empirical correlation between electrical resistivity and the migration coefficient followed the Nernst–Einstein equation. A strong linear correlation between electrical resistivity and compressive strength of binary mixtures was found, whereas a weak correlation was found for ternary mixtures. Moreover, a strong power correlation between electrical resistivity and capillary absorption of mortars was found.
‘Best value’: when history, identity and economics clash
Authors: Lobo Sunila
Published: October 2018

This paper discusses how planning for future use of an urban heritage site in Reading, can be both inclusive and sustainable. Reading is a diverse town with a 25% non-white population (Census 2011). The latter comprises Afro-Caribbeans, Nepalese, Polish, Pakistanis, Indians and others. There has been a public spat between the local council and a particular bidder, Aspire, formed from the Afro-Caribbean community; over ‘saving’ a mural painted in 1990 on a wall of the now non-operational Central Club in Reading. This club, last operational in 2006, and mural, are embedded in the community identity and also provide a sense of place. The Aspire bid is thus charged with culture and identity tensions against the more economic ‘best value’ pressures of the council for regeneration and commercial viability. Despite council assurances that mural preservation is a condition set for all bidders, the Afro-Caribbean community is not reassured because the bidding was open to the market, rather than only charity and community-based groups which was the case in the previous ‘failed’ round. Using discourse analysis of available information, this paper provides insights and recommendations into such culturally charged and disputed planning.
Adli travmatolojik açıdan yaralanmanın ağırlığını belirlemede nötrofil lenfosit oranı ve trombosit lenfosit oranının rolü
Authors: KALKAN Esin Akgul , ÇAKIR Dilek Ülker , TÜRKÖN Hakan , GÜL Abdülhakim Hasan
Published: October 2018

Amaç: Nötrofil
lenfosit oranı (NLO) ve trombosit lenfosit oranı (TLO) sistemik inflamasyonu
gösteren biyobelirteçlerdir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, adli travmatolojik açıdan yaralanmanın ağırlığının belirlenmesinde, NLO ve
TLO’nın rolünü tartışmaktır.

Gereç ve yöntem: Bir üniversite hastanesi tıbbi biyokimya laboratuarında,
01.06.2015-01.11.2015 tarihlerinde etanol analizi yapılmış olan olgular,
hastane otomasyon sistemi üzerinden retrospektif olarak belirlendi. Veriler, hastaların
elektronik dosyalarından elde edildi. Olguların, sosyodemografik özellikleri,
yaralanmanın ağırlığı/derecesi, etanol düzeyi, NLO ve TLO değerleri incelendi.
Veriler SPSS programında analiz edildi.

Bulgular: İncelenen 155 hastanın 133’ü (%85,8)
erkek olup yaş ortalaması 36,6± 15,4 yıldı. YT olan olgularda NLO ortalaması 9,4±10,9, YT olmayan
olgularda 5,1±5,1 saptandı, bu fark istatistiksel anlamlı değildi (p>0,05). Basit
tıbbi müdahale (BTM) ile giderilemeyen olguların NLO ortalaması 8,6±8,6 olup,
BTM ile giderilebilir ve travmatik değişim olmayan gruplara göre daha yüksekti
ve Bonferroni düzeltmeli Mann Witney U testine göre bu farklar anlamlıydı
(p=0,0001). Kırık saptanan olgularda NLO ortalaması 8,9±9,4 iken, kırık saptanmayan
olgulara göre daha yüksekti ve bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıydı
(p=0,002). TLO ortalama değerleri ile gruplar arasında, istatistiksel anlamlı
fark saptanmadı (p>0,05).

Sonuç: Yüksek NLO değerleri ile yaralanmanın
ağırlığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki mevcuttur. TLO’na göre NLO, adli
travmatolojik açıdan yaralanmanın ağırlığını belirlemede yardımcı bir
biyobelirteç olarak kullanılabilir. Bu ilişkinin patofizyolojisinin anlaşılması
için, daha fazla araştırma yapılması gereklidir.
ADOLESCENT PREGNANCIES
Authors: SONGUR DAĞLI Selda , KARBANCIOĞLU CANTÜRK Füsun
Published: October 2018

ADOLESCENT
PREGNANCIESAim: To make a comparison
between adolescents and primigravid adults ( between 19 and 35 years old) who
delivered in Kırşehir at 2016 regarding maternal
hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, Apgar scores of newborns, fetal birthweights and
mode of delivery.Materials
and methods:
The files of patients who delivered in Ahi Evran University Training and Research Hospital between 01.01.2016 and 31.12.2016 were investigated. The primigravid pregnants were allocated into two groups as group 1 aged 18 and lower and group 2 aged between 19
and 35. Groups were compared in terms of
maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, Apgar scores of newborns,
fetal birthweights and mode of delivery.Results: 118 patients were included in the study. There was 53 pregnant in group 1 and 65 pregnant in group 2. The mean age of
adolescents was 17,51 ± 0,72, and the
mean age of adults was 23,95 ± 4,43. There was no statistically significant
difference between the groups in terms of
maternal hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, fetal birth weights and first and
fifth minutes Apgar scores of newborns (p ˂ 0,069, p ˂ 0,128, p ˂ 0,128, p ˂
0,391, p ˂ 0,773, p ˂ 0,921).Cesarean section rate of adolescents
was significantly lower than that of adults (p = 0.002). There was no
statistically significant difference between the groups according to cesarian
indications (p = 0,450).

Conclusion: Because the mean age of adolescents was
high and only primigravid adult pregnant were included in the control group
there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of maternal
hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, fetal birthweights and first and fifth
minutes Apgar scores of newborns. Cesarian section rate of adolescents was significantly
lower than that of adults. There was no statistically significant difference
between the groups according to cesarian indications.
JİNEKOLOJİK KANSERLER VE PELVİK EGZENTERASYON KISA DÖNEM SONUÇLARI TEK MERKEZ DENEYİMLERİ
Authors: SÖZEN Hamdullah , TOSUN Özgur , ÇELİK Engin , MİNARECİ YAĞMUR , Yalçın İbrahim , TOPUZ Samet , SALİHOĞLU Yavuz
Published: October 2018

Giriş:Pelvik egzenterasyon rekürren jinekolojik kanserlerde kür veya daha
uzun sağkalım amacıyla uygulanan ultraradikal bir cerrahidir. Bu çalışmanın
birincil amacı kliniğimizce pelvik egzenterasyon operasyonu uygulanan
hastaların klinik özelliklerini, operatif ve postoperatif komplikasyon
türlerini ve sıklığını tanımlamaktır. Kısa dönem ortalama sağkalım ve
hastalıksız sağkalım rakamlarını belirlemek çalışmanın ikincil amacıdır.Materyal
Metod:Kliniğimizde 2013-2017 yılları arasında Pelvik egzenterasyon yöntemi
ile opere edilen 14 nüks  serviks,
endometriyum, vagina kanserli hasta retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir.Sonuçlar:Hastaların 11 tanesi rekürren serviks kanseri 2 tanesi rekürren
endometriyum kanseri 1 tanesi de rekürren vagina kanseri idi. Opere edilen
hastaların ortanca yaş 52.5 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Hastaların çoğunluğu (%57)
daha önce opere edilmeyen kemoradyoterapi ile tedavi edilen hastalardan
oluşmakta idi. En sık uygulanan pelvik egzenterasyon tipi total pelvik
egzenterasyon olup kraniokaudal sınıflamaya göre supralevator (Tip 1)
egzenterasyondur. En sık postoperatif komplikasyon enfeksiyon, ortanca hastanede
yatış süresi 17.5 gün hesaplanmıştır. Postoperatif cerrahi ihtiyacı olan hasta
sayısı 2 (%14.2) olarak bulunmuştur. 2 yıllık ortalama sağkalım %57; 2 yıllık
hastalıksız sağkalım %35 olarak saptanmıştır.Yorum:

Pelvik egzenterasyon operasyonunun yüksek komplikasyon rakamları ve
hastane kalış süreleri olmak ile beraber jinekolojik tümörlerin rekürrens
geliştiren bir grubunda tek küratif ve sağkalımı artırıcı  cerrahidir yöntemdir
Marc jurídic de l'estalvi d'aigua
Authors: Recordà Cos Jordi
Published: October 2018

L'aigua de qualitat és un recurs escàs que requereix una gestió adequada per garantir-ne la sostenibilitat. La gestió racional dels recursos es comença a regular molt recentment de la mà del dret ambiental. En aquest sentit, la gestió del recurs s'hauria de basar en el principi de precaució per garantir un bon ús, o ús sostenible, que preservi el recurs. També s'hauria dactuar partint del principi de la utilització de la millor tecnologia disponible, per ser tan eficients com sigui possible a l'hora de consumir laigua. La intenció d'aquest llibre és aprofundir en el marc jurídic actual per estudiar el potencial que ofereix per a l'estalvi daigua, inclosos els recents canvis normatius motivats per la crisi econòmica actual. Aquesta anàlisi va més enllà de la regulació dels mecanismes d'estalvi lligats a l'edificació, i aborda la necessitat actual de fer accessibles els recursos hídrics de menor qualitat que l'aigua potable. Així, doncs, s'analitza amb profunditat quin és marc jurídic per aprofitar les aigües de pluja, aigües subterrànies, aigües regenerades i aigües grises. Finalment, aquest estudi no s'ha plantejat exclusivament des d'una perspectiva jurídica, sinó que, tenint en compte la complexitat i la transversalitat de temes que afecten l'estalvi de l'aigua, així com la formació de l'autor, shan tingut en compte altres disciplines científiques amb l'objectiu d'analitzar la problemàtica des d'una perspectiva holística.
PERAN PLACE IDENTITY DALAM MENCIPTAKAN COMMUNITY RESILIANCE DI WILAYAH URBAN FRINGE
Authors: Ischak Mohammad -
Published: October 2018

The urban growth in today's world is marked by rapid and massive urban expansion into rural areas. In the Tangerang area, the expansion is marked by the acquisition of agricultural land and settlements by developers as happened in the development of the new town of Gading Serpong. One of the impacts of land acquisition and settlement by developers has led to the emergence of many settlements confined within Gading Serpong's new town area. In spite of the changes in the immediate environment that are very fast and still going on today, changes also occur in native settlements, especially in the area because many land and its inhabitants are moved as a result of being freed by the developer. With very extreme changes occurring in the enclave settlement, raises the question of why and in what ways can an enclave settlement survive?To get answers to these questions, it is necessary to study the characteristics of settlements and indigenous peoples, as well as to examine the potential of the region in the context of place identity that can be maximized for the benefit of adaptation to environmental changes due to the growth of the region that is going on around it. The research use a qualitative method by obtaining the data directly through observation and in-depth interviews with residential dwellers to obtain the characteristics of settlements as well as characteristics of sosial life in the locus of study. The results obtained are that there is potential possessed by the native settlement that is place identity as the basis on the resilience of the inhabitants. Place identity is formed because of several factors that are actually very possible to synergize with all the factors involved in the growth of urban fringe. Thus it is expected that development in the urban fringe area will not leave the settlements and life of its pre-existing inhabitants as the content attached to the concept of sustainable development.Keywords : place identiry, sustainable development, segregasi, kebertahanan
'NGALAB BERKAH’ PADA RUANG RITUAL TRADISI DAN RELIGI MASJID AGUNG DEMAK
Authors: Pataruka Marwoto
Published: October 2018

Abstrak:Masjid Agung Demak menyimpan fakta sejarah bagi berbagai bidang studi, diantaranya tercakup budaya, religi dan karakter masyarakatnya. Aspek ritual dan religi menjadi daya tarik ketika terjalin hubungan antara manusia dengan masjid dan makamnya. Peninggalan Kerajaan Demak dalam kawasan ini menjadi sebuah fenomena antara ritual religi dan ritual tradisi.  Bagian ini akan menjadi topik kajian untuk mengangkat pemaknaan ruang secara mendalam.  Bentuk metodologi yang digunakan adalah berdasarkan pengamatan epiris terhadap fenomena di sekitar masjid, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis deskriptif tentang kedua aspek tersebut untuk dibahas dalam tataran konsep ruang.   Hasil kajian ini berupa hubungan yang terpisah antara konsep ruang spiritual terhadap konsep ruang ritual tradisi. Faktor manusia menyikapi artefak masjid dan makam membawa dampak terhadap keberlangsungan tradisi bagi masyarakat di kota Demak.Kata Kunci: ruang ritual tradisi; ruang sakral; ngalab berkah.
KEBERADAAN ACTIVITY SUPPORT YANG MEMPENGARUHI AKSESIBILITAS PADA PERMUKIMAN DI SEKITARNYA
Authors: Zuraida Gina Nur , Wijaya Karto , Sukardi Rahy R.
Published: October 2018

Abstract: The needs of the board is one of the primary needs for human to be able to live, therefore created the settlement. As a space that embodies the life of human settlements develop not only as a collection of home buildings but also equipped with facilities and infrastructure supporting human activities in it. In addition to be able to meet the needs of human life, there are also building means of supporting facilities in residential areas. All of these activities often occur in the same area, because they need to be reviewed where the developments are in the applicable regulations. Keywords: settlement, facilities and infrastructure, environmental road. Abstrak: Kebutuhan papan adalah salah satu kebututuhan primer untuk manusia agar dapat bisa hidup, oleh karena itu terciptalah permukiman.  Sebagai ruang yang mewadahi kehidupan manusia permukiman berkembang bukan hanya sebagai kumpulan bangunan rumah namun juga di lengkapi dengan sarana dan prasarana penunjang kegiatan manusia yang ada di dalamnya. Selain itu untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan-kebutuhan hidup manusia, juga terdapat bangunan sarana sarana penunjang di area permukiman. Seluruh kegiatan tersebut seringkali terjadi di satu area yang sama, oleh karena perlu di tinjau bangai mana perkembangan tersebut pada peraturan yang berlaku.Kata Kunci: permukiman, sarana dan prasarana, jalan lingkungan.
Simulação Numérica de Escoamento não Isotérmico em Reservatório de Óleo com Poços Aquecedores
Authors: Lopes Relber Bernardo
Published: October 2018

A recuperação aprimorada de reservatórios de óleo pesado só ocorre mediante um método de suplementação de energia, tal como a injeção de água ou a aplicação de um procedimento térmico. Para procedimento térmicos, tradicionalmente há injeção de vapor, injeção de água quente e combustão {\it in-situ}. No entanto, os procedimento térmicos denominados não convencionais, como o aquecimento eletromagnético, formam um novo grupo de técnicas de recuperação de óleo. Neste trabalho, utilizamos simulação numérica de reservatórios para estudar um procedimento térmico não convencional usando os chamados aquecedores de poços. Consideramos um fluxo monofásico não-isotérmico bidimensional de óleo ligeiramente compressível. Para determinar a pressão e a temperatura do reservatório, empregamos o método das diferenças finitas, além de um esquema numérico totalmente implícito e um fracionamento de etapas. Os resultados mostram que a técnica de aquecimento considerada pode ser usada para melhorar a recuperação de petróleo pesado, mantendo a pressão do reservatório alta por um longo período em comparação com as outras estratégias.

Palavras-chave: Método das diferenças finitas, fluxo não-isotérmico, fracionamento de etapas, simulação de reservatório, aquecedores de poços.

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Enhanced recovery for heavy oil reservoirs only occurs using a method of energy supplementation, like water injection or a thermal method. For thermal methods, traditionally there are steam injection, hot water injection and the {\it in-situ} combustion. However, thermal methods named non-conventional, such as electromagnetic heating, form a new group of oil recovery methods. In this work, we use numerical reservoir simulation in order to study a non-conventional thermal method using the so-called well heaters. We consider a two-dimensional non-isothermal single-phase flow of slightly compressible oil. In order to determine the pressure and temperature of the reservoir, we employ the finite differences method, a totally implicit numerical scheme, and an operator splitting. The results show that the heating technique considered can be used to enhance heavy oil recovery by maintaining the reservoir pressure high for a long period when compared to the other strategies.

Key words: Finite differences method, non-isothermal flow, operator splitting, reservoir simulation, well heaters.
CONTRACT MANUFACTURING AS AN IMPORT SUBSTITUTION MODEL
Authors: Lukashevich M. L. , Malevannaia T. S.
Published: October 2018

Russia has declared the import substitution policy. Russian and foreign companies started to use new models, in order not to lose their market position. Due to reindustrialization and localization of foreign companies in Russia the contract manufacturing model becomes more and more important.
THE SPECIFICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF «AEROFLOT» IN INDUSTRY CRISIS CONDITIONS
Authors: Bogdanova M. P.
Published: October 2018

This article examined the negative impact of external and internal factors on air transport industry and the measures taken by the Aeroflot and company to minimize the consequences. The air transport industry is specific and most prone to crises. Minimizing risks and responding to challenges are an important part of sustainable development.
La pintora Matilde Aïta de la Peñuela: “una joven artista española, muy meritoria”, en el París del Segundo Imperio.
Authors: Illán Magdalena
Published: October 2018

La pintora Matilde Aïta de la Peñuela fue seleccionada, con 14 años, para representar el arte español en la Exposición Universal de París de 1855. Desde aquel momento participó asiduamente en los Salones y exposiciones francesas, obteniendo notable éxito de crítica y de público, como evidencian los elogios prodigados por críticos como Gautier, Delécluze o el barón Taylor y la demanda de su pintura por parte de reconocidos coleccionistas como Paul Marmottan. Este artículo aporta datos inéditos sobre su biografía y su trayectoria artística localizados en archivos franceses y aborda, especialmente, los desconocidos encargos de su obra por parte del Estado galo.