bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Robinson Salazar Carreño. Familias de esclavos en la villa de San Gil (Nuevo Reino de Granada), 1700-1779.
Authors: Bonnett Vélez Diana
Published: January 2023

Esta obra sobre las familias esclavas es muy reveladora en cuanto a las condiciones particulares en el San Gil del siglo XVIII. Nos entrega una excelente visión sobre el poblamiento, las condiciones económicas, las tendencias demográficas y la composición de sus habitantes. Comparativamente con otras áreas del Nuevo Reino de Granada, en la villa de San Gil no había una alta proporción de esclavos: sus actividades se desarrollaron en las haciendas y estancias y en pequeñas unidades domésticas en las que se contrataban dos o tres esclavos; allí tuvieron lugar las uniones maritales y los diversos mestizajes que de ellas se desprendieron. Dada su baja demografía, los esclavos no tuvieron capacidad de maniobra ante las exigencias de sus amos. Se constituyeron unidades familiares caracterizadas por la inestabilidad —y por ende con poca prole—, madres que jugaron un papel protagónico y, en un bajo porcentaje, familias legalizadas mediante el matrimonio. Queda la tarea de replicar en otros espacios neogranadinos investigaciones como esta.
Editorial. Museos y traumas en América Latina. Avances comparativos, propuestas y fronteras desde la historia
Authors: Di Liscia María Silvia , Wechsler Wanda
Published: January 2023

En este Dossier se buscó visibilizar el desarrollo de investigaciones que analicen el proceso social por el cual se desarrollaron sitios de memoria, algunos emplazados en los mismos espacios donde ocurrieron las masacres y violaciones de derechos humanos, y otros que representan esos hechos. De acuerdo con Jelin y Langland, los lugares y las marcas territoriales cumplen un rol fundamental, son canales que permiten transmitir la memoria. Su importancia ha sido planteada por autores denominados “clásicos” y, a la vez, controvertidos, como Maurice Halbwachs y Pierre Nora. En el desarrollo actual de este cruce, la representación en los sitios de memoria o museos implica un desafío en constante movimiento. Los numerosos ejes para analizar hacen que este campo diverso siga en desarrollo: desde los actores, las políticas de memoria, las marcas en el territorio, el rol del Estado, la representación, los usos y sus análisis, el rol de los organismos de derechos humanos, entre otros. Estas formas de gestionar el pasado establecen disputas o conflictos. Son entonces memorias en tensión y distintos actores acuerdan y se asocian en virtud de una agencia en común, pero también debaten y hasta presionan para decir y hacer sobre ese pasado traumático.
Paulino Toledo Mansilla. A Secret Mission in Istanbul during the War of the Pacific. The Sale of the Turkish Ironclad Feth-i Bülend (1879-1880).
Authors: Little Roch Charles
Published: January 2023

En resumen, el libro de Toledo Mancilla presenta una historia diplomática que se aventura en los meandros de la historia transnacional. Así, logra la hazaña de reunir en menos de 200 páginas temas de historia latinoamericana, europea y otomana. Se trata de una investigación pionera y ejecutada con rigor. Es un texto bien escrito, de lectura fluida y entretenida. A pesar de algunos errores ortográficos en la transcripción de la correspondencia de Blest Gana en francés, eso no quita calidad a esta investigación, que invita a tratar la Guerra del Pacífico desde un enfoque transnacional, más allá de los tradicionales estudios historiográficos nacionales.
Andrés Felipe Manosalva Correa. La espiritualidad del subdesarrollo: trabajo, trabajadores y ocio en la prensa católica colombiana (1958-1981).
Authors: Ayala Diago César A.
Published: January 2023

Manosalva reconoce que el diálogo que él descubre en la prensa católica que selecciona para su análisis es mucho más amplio, pero, para los efectos de una monografía universitaria de posgraduación, fueron más que suficientes. Es un libro bien escrito, pulcro, con preocupaciones teóricas y con vasta historiografía. Tres capítulos lo conforman: trabajo, trabajadores y ocio. Todos interesantes, empero, en el del medio, en el de los trabajadores, está su fortaleza. Es el más sólido, el autor se siente más cómodo allí porque se ajusta a su interés y formación teórica. Iglesia y política, Iglesia y Colombia son temáticas de identificación nacional. ¡Que siga el diálogo!
El Atlántico insular macaronésico durante la Unión Ibérica: nuevas interpretaciones sobre la conformación de identidades fronterizas a partir de las crónicas contemporáneas
Authors: Álvarez Santos Javier Luis
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: el objetivo de este artículo es reconocer qué características definen a las sociedades fronterizas castellanas y portuguesas en el Atlántico que, durante la agregación de Portugal a la Monarquía Hispánica, estuvieron estrechamente conectadas entre sí. El objeto de estudio son las islas de la Macaronesia en el periodo de consolidación del mundo atlántico con el objetivo de esclarecer las particularidades de la identidad insular construida a partir de lazos de complementariedad entre archipiélagos regidos por distintos reinos en el interior de un océano dinámico y relacionante. Metodología: se han analizado las crónicas insulares, tanto castellanas como portuguesas, coetáneas al periodo ya que estos textos plasman por escrito la percepción social del insular sobre su entorno más cercano. Subsidiariamente, se han empleado fuentes primarias de las administraciones locales de distintos archipiélagos y protocolos notariales canarios para profundizar en el estudio de los contactos socioeconómicos y los lazos de complementariedad entre los distintos espacios insulares macaronésicos. Originalidad: la finalidad de este estudio es aplicar un método de observación supranacional sobre una sociedad fronteriza cuyos moradores fueron súbditos de dos reinos y a la vez conformaron una única región. Conclusiones: entienden estos cronistas que existe una entidad común insular que los relaciona social y económicamente. Es, a partir de estos relatos, cuando comienza a definirse, en términos históricos, la Macaronesia.
Study of the duration of the solar flare of the 23 and 24 solar cycles
Authors: Hussain Imad
Published: January 2023

Studying solar flares and their characteristics is significant for understanding the dynamics of the sun. In this work, a new view for studying the  duration time of solar flares is presented. Regarding the analysis of the duration time, one of the solar flares parameters is introduced for the solar cycles 23 and 24. This is done by ordering the duration time of solar flares into five groups of minutes (<30, 30-60, 60 90, 90-120, >120) and calculating the total annual duration time of solar flares for each group. The total annual duration time is also calculated for each class of solar flare classification (B, C, M, X). Their relationship with both F10.7 and Kp-index are also studied. We found that approximately 41% of solar flares occur within 6-12 minutes for both solar cycles. Additionally, the total average of their duration time is 19.1 and 19.6 minutes, respectively.Also, the average duration time of the ascending phase is less than the descending phase of both  solar cycles for all classes of solar flares, except for B-class, which is vice versa. The relationship between the duration time of solar  flares with F10.7 is strong. In contrast, the relationship with the Earth’s magnetic field is weak.
Radiation dosimetry with a Triple-GEM detector
Authors: Velasquez Andrea , Castro Héctor F.
Published: January 2023

We studied the properties of the gaseous detector triple-GEM (triple Gas Electron Multiplier) as a dosimeter with different ionizing radiation sources used in medical applications. The detector was calibrated in energy with an Iron-55 radioactive source. We measured doses of radiation from different radioactive sources as well as from a medical portable X-ray machine, and compared them to reference values. The detector presents a linear dependence between radiation intensity and measured dose. A calibration factor of 1.13x104 was found, independently of the radiation source. These results allow us to conclude that the triple-GEM detector has the potential to be used as a dosimeter in medical applications.
Economic efficiency of weed control at Sudan grass
Authors: Bazitov R. , Stoyanova A.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The aim of the present study was to establish the economic efficiency of the use of some herbicides and combinations in the control of weeds in the Sudan grass variety “Endje”, grown in conditions without irrigation. The study was conducted in the period 2018 – 2020 in the experimental field of the Agricultural Institute – Stara Zagora. The following herbicides were tested:Arat – 0.200 kg/ha, Buktril universal – 0.8 l/ha, Stomp new 330EK- 3.5 l/ha, Wing P – 3.5 l/ha and Dicopur F-1.1 l/ha. The economic analysis was prepared on the basis of developed technological projects, according to the yield obtained from each variant. It was found that the most economically efficient was the variant with the application of the herbicide Buctril universal – 0.8 l/ha. The profitability was the highest – 34% and from one hectare you got BGN 980 more profit compared to the option without herbicides.
otanical insecticides for pest management in tomato grown in cultivation facilities
Authors: Mineva R. , Yankova V. , Valchev N.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. An alternative to synthetic insecticides is the use of naturally occurring products, such as botanical products with insecticidal properties. Biological testing of the botanical products Krisant EC 750 ml/ha and Neem Azal T/S 0.3% was performed at the Maritza Vegetable Crops Research Institute – Plovdiv to determine their effectiveness against potato aphid (Macrosiphum euphorbiae Thomas, 1878), thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindemanla, 1889; Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande, 1895), greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, 1856), cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hübner, 1808), tomato leaf miner (Tuta absoluta Meyrick, 1917) and two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836). These species are some of the most common economically important pests in growing tomatoes in greenhouses. The phytopesticides Neem Azal T/S and Krisant EC were applied alone and in combination. The tested plant protection products showed very good biological activity against these pests and relatively higher effectiveness over 78% shows the combined treatment.
Experimental insights into adhesion and friction between nominally dry rough surfaces
Authors: Weber Bart , Scheibert Julien , de Boer Maarten P. , Dhinojwala Ali
Published: January 2023

Adhesion and friction between solids in ambient air control applications such as precision positioning and traction of tires. For all practical surfaces, the interfaces between solids are rough. Contact occurs at nano- or micro-contact junctions and the contact area of these junctions changes upon normal or shear loading and during sliding. The multiscale roughness, material parameters such as interfacial bonding, mechanical properties, sliding velocity, and normal load all contribute to adhesion and friction, resulting in diverse phenomena. Here, we highlight four recent advances relevant to materials ranging from ceramics to elastomers. They elucidate the importance of real contact area for soft and hard materials and of rate-state-friction models for explaining the transition from stick–slip to steady sliding for hard contacts. We also outline some remaining open experimental challenges related to friction and adhesion of dry multi-contact interfaces.

Graphical abstract
Modeling the surface topography dependence of friction, adhesion, and contact compliance
Authors: Müser Martin H. , Nicola Lucia
Published: January 2023

The small-scale topography of surfaces critically affects the contact area of solids and thus the forces acting between them. Although this has long been known, only recent advances made it possible to reliably model interfacial forces and related quantities for surfaces with multiscale roughness. This article sketches both recent and traditional approaches to their mechanics, while addressing the relevance of nonlinearity and nonlocality arising in soft- and hard-matter contacts.

Graphical abstract
Técnicas innovadoras para el tratamiento de las termitas
Authors: García Carmen , Melgarejo Manuel
Published: January 2023

La termita es un insecto que vive en una sociedad dividida en varias castas, con funciones específicas dentro de la colonia. Ha aparecido recientemente en el mercado un nuevo método para lograr la eliminación de las colonias de termitas: SENTRI TECH. Aprovecha la biología y el comportamiento social de la termita para alimentar a la colonia mediante cebos que contienen un regulador de crecimiento. Además, el sistema ofrece un control regular de los edificios protegidos.
Guidelines for examining unusual patterns of cancer and environmental concerns
Authors: Foster Stephanie , Lavery Amy M. , Condon Suzanne K. , Etheredge Alisha , Brian Kennedy , Erik Svendsen , Patrick Breysse
Published: January 2023

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) provide scientific guidance to state, tribal, local, and territorial (STLT) health departments related to environmental health concerns. The guidelines presented here update the 2013 publication, “Investigating Suspected Cancer Clusters and Responding to Community Concerns: Guidelines from the CDC and the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE)”.1 In general, STLT health departments play the primary role in examining unusual patterns of cancer in communities, including those associated with local environmental concerns. These guidelines expand the approach for these investigations. Occupation-related clusters are not included in these guidelines. Publication date from document properties. CS336302-A Guidelines-for-Examining-Unusual-Patterns-of-Cancer-and-Environmental-Concerns-h.pdf
The Influence of Aristotelianism, Epicureanism, Cynicism, and Stoicism on Human Life in the Early Church
Authors: Baron Arkadiusz
Published: January 2023

This article deals with the issue of ancient Greek models of life proposed by Aristotle, Epicurus and the Stoics. The author tries to describe how and which of these models were assimilated by Christian society during the first centuries and which were rejected. The purpose of this article is to show how important Aristotle’s, the Stoics and Epicurus’ philosophy was for Christians in the advancement of the Christian lifestyle among the Greek societies. Understanding the development of theology in the early Greek Church requires knowledge of the ideals and values that shaped the thinking and behavior of people before they heard about the Gospel of Jesus.
Naturaleza teológica del deseo humano de Dios En el Itinerarium de San Buenaventura
Authors: Woźniak Robert J.
Published: January 2023

The fact that the object of desiderium for Bonaventure is located in the very life of the Blessed Trinity results in its peculiar and original understanding. The object of desire determines its internal structure and, therefore, influences its very nature. In the writings of the Doctor Seraphicus we can numbered at least three essential features of human desiderium Dei, which desire obteins from its object: the Seraphicus understands the desire as (1) a kind of love, as (2) a gift, and finally as (3) important feature of human nature as such.
Memory of “Green Construction” in Omsk in the 1950s–1960s: Gender Aspect
Authors:   N. N. Miklukho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the RAS, Moscow, Pushkareva Natalya L. , Zhidchenko Alexander V. ,   N. N. Miklukho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the RAS, Moscow
Published: January 2023

This article analyses the features of women’s social memory about the everyday life of a non-capital Soviet city of the late 1950s — early 1960s. The authors consider the event of the Khrushchev Thaw period, which now exists, rather, as part of the oral tradition, i.e. one about the history of the competition between Omsk and Leningrad for the best solution to the problem of their landscaping. In the 1950s–1960s, such a competition was disguised by ideologists as a game in order to increase the pace of work of the competing parties, so that the participants of such a “game” would not feel increased control over the degree of labour productivity and how consciously they used material resources. The empirical material the authors refer to consists of records of oral stories of female Omsk old-timers, who participated in the improvement and creating green spaces in their city more than half a century ago. Also, the authors employ regulatory documents, periodicals, materials from film and photographic archives, and industrial literature. The interdisciplinary research is carried out using traditional historical methods developed by gender anthropology, oral and female history approaches, and ethnology of everyday practices. An analysis of the sequences of oral texts makes it necessary to raise the question of the causes and nature of a stable positive reaction to an event half a century ago and to conclude about the special nature of “nostalgia for the Soviet”, about the sense of collectivism lost over time or the emotions of youth re-experienced. The gender factor (the perception of life at home and the street as a private space, which women traditionally cared for) provided an optimistic colouring of the events remembered, which have not been previously analysed in studies of urban non-capital Soviet everyday life.
O. Mandelstam’s Poem Skillful Mistress of Guilty Glances...: Comments on Obscure Places
Authors:   Volgograd State Socio-Pedagogical University, Volgograd, Moskvin Vasily P.
Published: January 2023

This article interprets O. Mandelstam’s poem, which is not quite clear in its content, and therefore controversial. To achieve this purpose, the author employs consituational and contextual analysis, as well as techniques of the experimental method, more particularly, transformational analysis. To confirm the linguistic reality of the revealed metaphorical images, the author uses the analogy technique, which determines the choice of sources of illustrative examples. The study demonstrates that in this poem, direct and indirect, primarily metaphorical nominations are intertwined, being significantly complicated and obscured by the tactics of “superimposing an image on an image” (A. N. Tolstoy). From this point of view, the poem should be characterised as a semantic palimpsest formed by a number of figurative layers: 1) speech sinks into silence (verses 3–4): a metaphorical motif of water appears; 2) as a development of this motif, the presentation of women (and hence the heroine) as fish and the hero as a fisherman becomes understandable (verses 5–8); 3) fish turn out to be nuns (verses 9–12), with the implication of humility, abstinence, and inner cold (“the moist shine of the pupils is in vain”); 4) the presentation of the hero as a janissary, and the heroine as a Turkish woman belonging to him (verses 13–20); further development of the motif of water: drinking the crooked (‘sinful’) water of passion for the heroine, i. e. ‘against her will’ (verses 17–20); 5) metaphorical recoding of the theme realised in verses 17–20: representation of the heroine in the image of the savior of those dying from sinful passion (verses 21–22). Behind these ambiguous images, the author of the article recognises an episode of the poet’s biography, i. e. unrequited love for poetess M. S. Petrovykh, a topic whose delicacy required the use of euphemistic codes. The multilayered imagery complicated by the incompleteness of the context makes the thematic outline of the text almost elusive.
“The Staff of Isaiah”: Catacomb Discourse in Arseny Tarkovsky’s Poetry
Authors:   Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Medvedev Aleksandr A.
Published: January 2023

This article analyses the work of A. Tarkovsky (1907–1989), for whom 1917 became a turning point which subsequently determined his “internal emigration”. The most important creative mission for Tarkovsky was the restoration of the interrupted cultural tradition of Russian modernism. As its representative, Akhmatova is a model of the creative and ethical behaviour of the artist for Tarkovsky. Tarkovsky’s poetry from the 1930s–1960s is considered from the point of view of the catacomb secret discourse (coding, subtext, background). Through images of the desert, sand, heat, and closed eyes, it expresses alienation from new culture and politics, a stoic opposition to oblivion, and desire to preserve cultural memory (Mandelstam, Tsvetaeva) that binds history into a single whole. In the situation of a cultural desert, such values as an individual’s dignity, Christian humility, and life are significant for Tarkovsky. In his model of the poet, Tarkovsky focuses on the biblical and early Christian tradition, in which the poet appears as a prophet, messiah, spiritual leader of the people (Isaiah, John the Baptist, Christ), emphasising not mystical or ritual but social ethics, characteristic of the Russian intelligentsia of the nineteenth century, with its moral uncompromisingness (“straight” ways). An important context for understanding Tarkovsky’s catacomb discourse and his image of the poet is the reflection on the people and the intelligentsia in L. Chukovskaya’s Notes on Anna Akhmatova (1938–1966). Polemising with the Narodism rejection of the intelligentsia in the Soviet period, Akhmatova and Chukovskaya express the key values of the Russian intelligentsia of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (personal dignity, freedom, ethical uncompromisingness, criticism of ethical relativism, truth and justice, prophetic ministry, sacrifice, and poverty). Tarkovsky’s poetic discourse and his image of a prophet poet also oppose Narodism simplification expressing the core values of the Russian intelligentsia and preserving the modernist complexity of poetics (openness and involvement in world culture, intertextuality, neomythologism, and associativity).
The Potential Role of Cytotoxic Immune Effectors in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS); A Longitudinal Case Study Comparing Patients with Genetically Identical Healthy Twin
Authors: Kaur Kawaljit , Chen Po-Chun , Ko Meng-Wei , Huerta-Yepez Sara , Maharaj Dipnarine , Jewett Anahid
Published: January 2023

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an auto-immune neurodegenerative disorder affecting the motor-neurons. The causes of ALS are heterogeneous, and are only partially understood to date. We studied percentage and function of immune cell subsets in particular natural killer (NK) and CD8+ T cells in an ALS patient and compared the results to those obtained from his genetically identical healthy twin in a longitudinal study. We found several basic mechanisms which were potentially involved in the disease induction and progression. Our findings demonstrate that ALS patient's peripheral blood contained higher NK and B cells and, lower T cell percentages compared with the healthy twin brother's peripheral blood. Significantly increased interferon-gamma secretion by anti-CD3/28 monoclonal antibody-treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and sorted CD8+ T cells were observed in the ALS patient, suggesting that hyper-responsiveness of T cell compartment could be a potential mechanism of ALS progression. Significant increase in NK cell function due to genetic mutations in ALS associated genes may partly be responsible for the increase expansion and function of CD8+ T cells with effector/memory phenotype, in addition to direct activation and expansion of antigen specific T cells by such mutations. Weekly N-acetyl cysteine infusion to block cell death in patient in addition to a number of other therapies listed in this paper were not effective, and even though the treatments might have extended the patient's life, it was not curative. Therefore, activated CD8+ T and NK cells are likely cells targeting motor neurons in the patient, and strategies should be designed to decrease the aggressive nature of these cells to achieve longer lasting therapeutic benefits.
SIMULATION OF TWO-COMPONENT POWDER MOLDING MELTING UNDER VACUUM SINTERING CONDITIONS
Authors: Shanin S. A. , Knyazeva Anna G.
Published: January 2023

Vacuum sintering of metal powders under controlled heating conditions belongs to the traditional powder technologies
employed to obtain dense composite materials. Despite the long history of studies on sintering processes, modeling in
this area remains relevant since it provides deeper understanding of the associated physical phenomena. In the present work, we studied a two-component powder pressing system melting model based on the multiphase filtration theory that takes into account the differences in the melting temperatures of the components. The appearance of the liquid phase was modeled by introducing a melting temperature interval. An algorithm for the numerical realization of the model was developed. Employing a titanium-aluminum as an example, we demonstrate that even a temperature field with weak inhomogeneity can cause an inhomogeneous velocity field and redistribution of the fusible component.
FIT, FAITH, AND FAMILY: COUNTERSPACES FOR BLACK MALE VETERANS IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION
Authors: Brawner Catherine E. , Mobley Catherine , Lord Susan M. , Main Joyce B.
Published: January 2023

In response to calls to study the intersecting identities of race, gender, engineering, and veteran status, we examined the experiences of Black male student veterans in undergraduate engineering (BMSVEs). Black male veterans bring technical skills and worldviews shaped by their military and cultural experiences, which can strengthen the engineering profession. Therefore, we addressed the following question: What support systems do BMSVEs use to navigate engineering education at predominantly White institutions? In this study, we used narrative inquiry through seven interviews with BMSVEs and an identity exercise to share the participants' stories. We employed a counterspaces framework informed by veteran critical theory to learn about the counterspaces used by BMSVEs to find fit and succeed in engineering education. The results indicated that religion and family provide counterspaces for BMSVEs who report being marginalized and minoritized because of their race and veteran identity, respectively. While Black-focused counterspaces are important for traditional-age students developing their identities, they were not similarly important to many older BMSVEs with more developed identities. Although Student Veteran Association chapters served as counterspaces for some BMSVEs, this was not the case for all of our participants-perhaps because they perceived them to be White spaces. Our research showed that BMSVEs found fit in their engineering programs by engaging in one or more counterspaces that supported them on their educational journey. A loving family, a faith community, and ethnic- or veteran-focused organizations can serve in this role. The BMSVEs who found counterspaces were well equipped to thrive in engineering education.
INTEREST IN, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF, MANAGERIAL AND TECHNICAL CAREER PATHS AMONG SECOND-YEAR WOMEN ENGINEERING STUDENTS
Authors: Jensen Karin J. , Cardador M. Teresa , Lopez-Alvarez Grisel , Kunze Andrea J. , Cross Kelly J.
Published: January 2023

Patterns of intraoccupational gender segregation have been found in engineering industry, and these patterns may pose challenges for women, currently and historically. We explore the career path interests and characterizations of women engineering students toward technical and managerial paths in industry that may be precursors to their eventual choice of career path once they enter the profession. We conducted semi-interviews with 30 second-year women engineering
students in three majors. We applied an iterative thematic analysis approach to explore and compare career path interests and attitudes within and across majors. Analyses generated four key findings: (1) the majority of students expressed an interest in the managerial career path; (2) students associated the managerial career path with preferences for collaboration and holistic work,
applying dual skills, and opportunities to have relational and organizational impact; (3) students associated the technical career path with preferences for challenge, applying specialized technical skills, and societal impact through technological innovation; and (4) students in majors with higher percentages of women were more likely to express interest in the managerial career path. Our work suggests that women have clear interests and preconceptions about engineering career paths early in their undergraduate education. These findings may hold implications for women students' eventual career decisions and the patterns of intraoccupational gender segregation in engineering industry.
Beekeeping in Celtic and Indo-European
Authors: Van Sluis Paulus
Published: January 2023

This article reconstructs where, when and how Celtic speakers adopted beekeeping on the basis of the Celtic apicultural vocabulary. Following a short introduction giving the archaeological and historical background of beekeeping, it is argued that Celtic inherited a lexicon for bee
produce from Proto-Indo-European (PIE), but not for bees or beehives. The various external sources and internal derivations for the remaining words in the apicultural lexicon are then employed to reconstruct in what periods and from what sources Celtic speakers adopted beekeeping. This reconstruction
demonstrates that bee domestication by IE speakers post-dates PIE. A European lexicon can be reconstructed for bees, drones and hollow beehives, implying that sylvestrian beekeeping was adopted by IE speakers soon after their migration into Europe. A Proto-Celtic (PC) layer relating to swarming
suggests that PC speakers achieved more intimate knowledge of beekeeping, while words for beehives are of even later date, suggesting continued innovation in hive-building techniques after the break-up of Celtic.
Early Traditions in the Isle of Man
Authors: Broderick George
Published: January 2023

This article looks briefly at the significance of the triskele and swastika as sun-symbols in general and their long association with Insular Celtic traditions, and with the Isle of Man in particular, as well as the association of the triskele and other traditions with Manannán
mac Lir (Manannan Beg mac y Leirr in Man) and with Tynwald, the Manx parliament, in Manx tradition over time.
OXIDE LAYER CHARACTERIZATION OF AlMg2 CLADDING OF IRRADIATED U3Si2/Al FUEL WITH 4,8 gU/cm3 DENSITY
Authors: Sihotang Juan Carlos , Ajiriyanto Maman Kartaman , Nurlaily Ely , Junaedi Junaedi , Ginting Aslina Br.
Published: January 2023

OXIDE LAYER CHARACTERIZATION OF AlMg2 CLADDING OF IRRADIATED U3Si2/Al FUEL WITH 4,8 gU/cm3 DENSITY. To investigate the performance of AlMg2 cladding in the U3Si2/Al dispersion fuel, oxide layer characterization of AlMg2 cladding of the irradiated U3Si2/Al fuel with 4.8 gU/cm3 density was conducted. The oxide layer  on the surface of AlMg2 cladding is one of the changes that occur on the cladding after the U3Si2/Al fuel plate has been irradiated in the RSG-GAS reactor to a burn-up of ∼40%. The characterization and observation of the oxide layer was conducted using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Samples with a size of 3x3 mm were taken from the middle of the fuel plate (middle position). After cutting, metallographic preparation includes mounting, grinding, polishing, and ultrasonic cleaning. SEM preparation was carried out by sputter coating using Au layer. The oxide layer on the AlMg2 cladding has a thickness of 10.3 µm with a uniformly distributed cracks along the oxide layer.Keyword: LEU, uranium-silicide, post-irradiation examination, AlMg2 cladding, oxide layer.
UJI PASCA IRADIASI PELAT ELEMEN BAKAR U3Si2/Al DENSITAS 4,8 gU/cm3 PADA BURNUP 60%: PENGAMATAN VISUAL, RADIOGRAFI SINAR-X DAN ANALISIS CITRA
Authors: Sigit Rohmad , Artika Refa , Rahmatullah Helmi Fauzi , Ismarwanti Sri , Ginting Aslina Br. , Supardjo Supardjo
Published: January 2023

UJI PASCA IRADIASI PELAT ELEMEN BAKAR U3Si2/Al DENSITAS 4,8 gU/cm3 PADA BURNUP 60%: PENGAMATAN VISUAL, RADIOGRAFI SINAR-X DAN ANALISIS CITRA. Pengembangan bahan bakar U3Si2/Al densitas tinggi telah dilakukan melalui peningkatan densitas bahan bakar nuklir dari 2,96 gU/cm3 menjadi 4,8 gU/cm3. Peningkatan densitas uranium memiliki dampak terhadap integritas mekanik kelongsong dan stabilitas geometri, sehingga diperlukan pengujian pascairadiasi. Pengujian pascairadiasi yang dilakukan meliputi pengamatan visual, uji radiografi sinar-X dan analisis citra pada Pelat Elemen Bakar (PEB). Pengamatan visual sepanjang permukaan PEB dilakukan menggunakan periskop yang terdedikasi di operating area hot cell 102 dan didokumentasikan dengan bantuan kamera melalui jendela hot cell. Pengujian radiografi sinar-X dilakukan pada tegangan 150 kV dan kuat arus 1500 µA. Citra yang dihasilkan dianalisis lebih lanjut menggunakan software ImageJ. Pengamatan visual tidak menemukan indikasi cacat permukaan, lapisan oksida yang berlebih, swelling, blister, maupun cacat permukaan lainnya. Interpretasi citra radiografi sinar-X menunjukkan profil bahan bakar yang homogen, tidak menemukan indikasi cacat sub-permukaan, serta menghasilkan profil burn up yang sesuai dengan hasil pengujian gamma scanning. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian tak merusak, secara keseluruhan PEB U3Si2/Al densitas 4,8 gU/cm3 selama iradiasi di teras RSG-GAS menunjukkan kinerja yang cukup baik.Kata kunci: Uji pascairadiasi, PEB U3Si2/Al, pengamatan visual, radiografi sinar-X, analisis citra
Наука. Технологии. Инновации: 2023
Authors: Власова Валерия , Гохберг Леонид , Дитковский Кирилл , Коцемир Максим , Кузнецова Ирина , Мартынова Светлана , Нестеренко Анастасия , Полякова Валентина , Ратай Татьяна , Репина Алевтина , Росовецкая Лариса , Сагиева Галина , Стрельцова Екатерина , Тарасенко Ирина , Тарасенко Ирина , Фридлянова Светлана , Юдин Иван , Варзановцева Ирина
Published: January 2023

Краткий статистический сборник содержит основные показатели, характеризующие научный и инновационный потенциал Российской Федерации. Приводятся сведения о результативности исследований и разработок, данные международных сопоставлений. В сборнике использованы материалы Росстата, Минобрнауки России, Роспатента, ОЭСР, Евростата, ЮНЕСКО, ВОИС, национальных статистических служб зарубежных стран, а также разработки Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики». Отдельные данные по итогам 2021 г. носят предварительный характер.
Цифровая экономика: 2023
Authors: Абдрахманова Гульнара , Васильковский Сергей , Вишневский Константин , Гохберг Леонид , Демидкина Ольга , Демьянова Анна , Зорина Ольга , Ковалева Галина , Коцемир Максим , Кузина Лилия , Кузнецова Ирина , Нестеренко Анастасия , Озерова Ольга , Орлова Вероника , Покровский Святослав , Полякова Валентина , Попов Евгений , Ратай Татьяна , Рудник Павел , Рыжикова Зинаида , Стрельцова Екатерина , Фридлянова Светлана , Фролов Михаил , Шкалева Елена , Шугаль Николай , Юдин Иван
Published: January 2023

В сборнике представлены основные показатели развития цифровой экономики в России: валовые внутренние затраты, использование цифровых технологий в домашних хозяйствах и населением, в организациях, кадры, инфраструктура, деятельность организаций сектора ИКТ и др. Материал сформирован на основе данных Росстата, Минцифры России, Минобрнауки России, ФТС России, Банка России, Евростата, ОЭСР, Международного союза электросвязи (МСЭ), Конференции ООН по торговле и развитию (ЮНКТАД), Департамента экономического и социального развития ООН, Всемирной организации интеллектуальной собственности (ВОИС), базы данных Scopus, а также разработок Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики». В ряде случаев данные по отдельным показателям уточняют ранее опубликованные.
Indian Agricultural Income Lessens the Income Tax Burden: A Fiscal Illusion
Authors: Sekhon Shailinder
Published: January 2023

The Indian income tax law spares the Indian agricultural income from payment of income tax because charging tax on agriculture produce or keeping it exempted is a state subject. But from the financial year 1974-75 by an amendment the Union government increased the tax burden on the taxpayer having both agricultural as well as non-agricultural income. This system was executed as an enforcement of the provisions of “Partial Integration of agricultural income with non-agricultural income” for tax rate purposes. As a result taxpayer bears more tax burden on his non-agricultural income due to his agricultural income which otherwise comes under the category of exempted incomes. The paper highlights the fact that how a fiscal illusion is created by increasing the tax rates. State governments need to raise this issue at appropriate platforms to question why government is collecting additional tax revenue against the agricultural income which is the state subject.
NCBI data curation protocol - SOP for editing GenomeTrakr submissions v2
Authors: Timme Ruth
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE: After data are submitted to NCBI submitters often encounter the need to update, retract, or replace these records. This is called data curation. This protocol provides instructions for keeping these records up-to-date for each relevant database at NCBI. SCOPE: This protocol covers curation for the following NCBI databases: BioProject BioSample Sequence Read Archive V2. Edit submissions using the NCBI portal (Manage data). Moved "how to find my data" content to a new protocol. V3: Update to BioSample section, providing further guidance on updating taxonomic names.
[RETRACTED] test v1
Authors: Frolov Vladimir
Published: January 2023

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Análisis de la Estrategia Nacional de Economía Circular de Colombia a partir de dos modelos
Authors: Vera-Acevedo Luz Dinora , Raufllet Emmanuel
Published: January 2023

El propósito de este artículo es mostrar los resultados de la revisión del alcance y las limitaciones de la Estrategia Nacional de Economía Circular (ENEC) del gobierno de Colombia a partir de los modelos analíticos del policy mix y en las doce estrategias circulares. Los resultados principales de este estudio son, en primer lugar, que la ENEC moviliza algunos instrumentos típicos de una política pública para contribuir a la transición de una economía lineal a una economía circular. En segundo lugar, la ENEC se centra en sectores industriales en general y en el último eslabón de la cadena de producción. En tercer lugar, si bien la economía circular tiene el potencial de vincular políticas relacionadas con la prevención del uso de recursos y el comportamiento del consumidor, estas dimensiones preventivas aún son incipientes en la versión de la ENEC analizada. La articulación de políticas del sector empresa-Estado-academia con pequeños productores e informales, así como con comunidades rurales y urbanas, es necesaria para lograr una transición hacia una economía circular más inclusiva e integradora.
Estructura de capital político de los intendentes de una provincia argentina. El caso de Santiago del Estero, 2006-2018
Authors: Campos Hernán
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se analizan las estructuras de capital político de los intendentes de la provincia de Santiago del Estero en el periodo 2006-2018. Se parte de que estos representantes portan una serie de atributos que combinados conforman una estructura de capital político que les posibilita ser electos. Durante el proceso de investigación se construyeron cuatro especies de capital político. Los medios de interrogación en el proceso de investigación fueron registros de observación en actividades partidarias, entrevistas a intendentes y trabajo de archivo en diarios provinciales y tribunal electoral provincial sobre cuatro épocas electorales (2006, 2010, 2014 y 2018). Los resultados muestran la importancia del capital territorial y la combinación con otras especies de capital político, principalmente el capital de género y el capital socioprofesional.
Los medios de interrogación en el proceso de investigación fueron registros de observación, entrevistas a intendentes y trabajo de archivo en diarios provinciales sobre cuatro elecciones (2006, 2010, 2014 y 2018).
Violencia en la imagen. Acciones y usos de los medios audiovisuales en la construcción de memorias sobre la violencia política nacional en jóvenes universitarios de México, Colombia y Argentina en 2020
Authors: Mejia Sabogal Diana Constanza , Zorro López Nicolás Camilo
Published: January 2023

Este artículo aborda el consumo y apropiación de medios audiovisuales en Colombia, México y Argentina, con el fin de poner en evidencia la incidencia en las subjetividades políticas y los procesos de memoria en los jóvenes universitarios. Para esto se partió del cuestionamiento sobre cómo impactan los medios audiovisuales en la reconfiguración de las memorias colectivas y las subjetividades políticas de los jóvenes en el contexto de la era digital. El estudio se realizó en 2020 a partir de una perspectiva metodológica cualitativa, utilizando como métodos la etnografía virtual y la teoría del montaje, proveniente de la investigación en artes, que da paso a una reflexión de los jóvenes desde la creación de un discurso audiovisual como una ruta alternativa para la comprensión de los modos de construcción de memoria colectiva, donde el arte se convierte para ellos en una posible salida que da espacio para la reconfiguración de una memoria herida que requiere ser sanada y que además descentraliza la mirada para acercarse a otros discursos y a otras representaciones de la realidad de los jóvenes en el contexto latinoamericano.
Oportunidades laborales y la migración rural-urbana juvenil. Juventud rural araucana
Authors: Mina Hernández Yilmer Adiel , Téllez Iregüi Gonzalo
Published: January 2023

Los jóvenes rurales presentan altos grados de vulnerabilidad al enfrentarse a fenómenos migratorios en busca de mejores condiciones de vida. En Colombia, estos procesos migratorios están enmarcados principalmente por la falta de oportunidades laborales. En el ámbito territorial, el desempleo juvenil es muy representativo. Mediante diagnósticos participativos y la metodología de análisis de políticas públicas propuesto por Peter Knoepfel et al. (2006), la cual permite analizar las interacciones entre actores, recursos y las reglas institucionales, se aborda la pertinencia de la ordenanza O19E de 2015 para solucionar-mitigar la falta de oportunidades laborales y reducir los índices migratorios. Se concluye que la política pública requiere una recodificación que implique la reconstrucción conceptual, sustancial y operativa para aumentar la oferta laboral y de esta manera reducir las migraciones juveniles; por otro lado, los jóvenes requieren mayor participación en espacios políticos, sociales y económicos locales.
El grito de irrupción en las protestas recientes en Colombia, o la aparición de la política
Authors: Sánchez Lopera Alejandro
Published: January 2023

En este ensayo se examina el carácter trasnacional del estallido social y las protestas desde 2019 en Colombia. Toma distancia del modelo analítico de Doug McAdam, Sidney Tarrow y Charles Tilly (2005) sobre protestas disruptivas que da por sentado la existencia de la política y, en cambio, indaga por las condiciones de aparición de esta. Plantea que la dificultad para caracterizar el estallido acontecido en Colombia radica en que este tiene unos vínculos nacionales, continentales y globales que no estaban previstos. El carácter impredecible —y transnacional— de lo sucedido abre la invitación a utilizar otras maneras de pensar el problema. De hecho, lo que hay que hacer es construir el problema. Usando la estética y la filosofía política de Jacques Rancière, se plantea que i) cambió la naturaleza de la protesta y ii) cambió el semblante de los actores sociales. Esto permite afirmar que aquello que emergió en las protestas en Colombia no fue el vándalo: fue el pueblo, «los restantes».
Participación política en un contexto de reducción de la violencia. El caso de las víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia (2011, 2016 y 2018)
Authors: Rojas Pulido Juan Felipe
Published: January 2023

En diferentes contextos se ha podido identificar que la exposición a la violencia durante una guerra civil influye en la participación política de los individuos. Esta investigación se cuestiona si debido al periodo de reducción de violencia durante el proceso de paz en Colombia existió una relación entre haber sido afectado por la violencia derivada del conflicto armado y la participación política. A partir de las encuestas del Barómetro de las Américas de 2011, 2016 y 2018 se realiza un análisis de cómo la afectación individual de la violencia influye en la participación electoral —votación a elecciones presidenciales— y la participación no electoral —asistencia a cabildo abierto y protesta pública—. Es posible señalar que en un periodo de reducción de la violencia hay una relación positiva entre ser afectado por la violencia y los mecanismos de participación no electoral, razón por la cual los mecanismos de participación que construyen visiones de grupo y que garantizan reivindicaciones locales tienen mayor relevancia para las personas afectadas por la guerra.
Inclusive education in schools of Obukhiv district: problems and prospects
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, D.V. Kyrychenko
Published: January 2023

The article focuses on the situation of inclusive education in Ukraine and illustrates the best cases of the inclusive education implementation in European countries. The author analyzes the education reform in Ukraine and traces trends in the formation of the educational environment for children with special educational needs. In particular, the author examines international treaties and the legislative framework of Ukraine on the status of inclusive education in the world and in Ukraine. The purpose of the study is to analyze the development of inclusiveness as a result of education reforms at the local level, namely in Obukhiv district. The work looks into the system of education implemention for the students with special educational needs which consists of inclusive resource centers, secondary education institutions with inclusive classes, teacher assistants, special approaches to teaching and students' parents. Until 2016 Ukrainian educational system did not have appropriate conditions for the education and development of the children with special educational needs. Nevertheless, the more open society as well as the military actions in the east of the country in 2014 became the impetus for the reforms and made it urgent to deal with the issues of providing the full life and meeting the needs of people with disabilities. Since February 24, 2022 there has been a new challenge – the full-scale invasion of Russia, which will probably lead to thousands of affected people. The research shows that 1,061 people live in the territory within 6 investigated united territorial communities, but only 163 people with special needs study in the local schools. This can explain by a number of problems such as rather low professional competence of teachers, parents' unwillingness to cooperate with inclusive resource centers and the educational institutions which are not ready for students' comfortable stay. However, there are also positive changes, namely the bigger number of inclusive classes and parents' increased trust in secondary education institutions.