bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interplay between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and renal function: An intriguing pediatric perspective
Authors: Nardolillo Michele , Rescigno Fabiola , Bartiromo Mario , Piatto Dario , Guarino Stefano , Marzuillo Pierluigi , Miraglia del Giudice Emanuele , Di Sessa Anna
Published: April 2024

Over recent years, the nomenclature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has undergone significant changes. Indeed, in 2020, an expert consensus panel proposed the term “Metabolic (dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease” (MAFLD) to underscore the close association of fatty liver with metabolic abnormalities, thereby highlighting the cardiometabolic risks (such as metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease) faced by these patients since childhood. More recently, this term has been further replaced with metabolic associated steatotic liver disease. It is worth noting that emerging evidence not only supports a close and independent association of MAFLD with chronic kidney disease in adults but also indicates its interplay with metabolic impairments. However, comparable pediatric data remain limited. Given the progressive and chronic nature of both diseases and their prognostic cardiometabolic implications, this editorial aims to provide a pediatric perspective on the intriguing relationship between MAFLD and renal function in childhood.
Advancements in hemostatic strategies for managing upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A comprehensive review
Authors: Lee Ah Young , Cho Joo Young
Published: April 2024

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage presents a substantial clinical challenge. Initial management typically involves resuscitation and endoscopy within 24 h, although the benefit of very early endoscopy (< 12 h) for high-risk patients is debated. Treatment goals include stopping acute bleeding, preventing rebleeding, and using a multimodal approach encompassing endoscopic, pharmacological, angiographic, and surgical methods. Pharmacological agents such as vasopressin, prostaglandins, and proton pump inhibitors are effective, but the increase in antithrombotic use has increased GI bleeding morbidity. Endoscopic hemostasis, particularly for nonvariceal bleeding, employs techniques such as electrocoagulation and heater probes, with concerns over tissue injury from monopolar electrocoagulation. Novel methods such as Hemospray and Endoclot show promise in creating mechanical tamponades but have limitations. Currently, the first-line therapy includes thermal probes and hemoclips, with over-the-scope clips emerging for larger ulcer bleeding. The gold probe, combining bipolar electrocoagulation and injection, offers targeted coagulation but has faced device-related issues. Future advancements involve combining techniques and improving endoscopic imaging, with studies exploring combined approaches showing promise. Ongoing research is crucial for developing standardized and effective hemorrhage management strategies.
Hepatocellular carcinoma and musculoskeletal system: A narrative literature review
Authors: Jadzic Jelena , Djonic Danijela
Published: April 2024

Musculoskeletal alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are less common than liver-related complications. However, they can significantly impact the quality of life and overall prognosis of patients with HCC. The main obstacle in the clinical assessment of HCC-induced musculoskeletal alterations is related to effective and timely diagnosis because these complications are often asymptomatic and unapparent during routine clinical evaluations. This narrative literature review aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the contemporary literature related to the changes in the musculoskeletal system in patients with HCC, focusing on its clinical implications and underlying etiopathogenetic mechanisms. Osteolytic bone metastases are the most common skeletal alterations associated with HCC, which could be associated with an increased risk of low-trauma bone fracture. Moreover, previous studies reported that osteopenia, sarcopenia, and myosteatosis are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with HCC. Even though low bone mineral density and sarcopenia are consistently reported as reliable predictors of pretransplantation and post-transplantation mortality in HCC patients, these complications are frequently overlooked in the clinical management of patients with HCC. Taken together, contemporary literature suggests that a multidisciplinary approach is essential for early recognition and clinical management of HCC-associated musculoskeletal alterations to improve patient prognosis. Further research into the mechanisms and treatment options for musculoskeletal complications is warranted to enhance our understanding and clinical management of this aspect of HCC.
Taurine attenuates activation of hepatic stellate cells by inhibiting autophagy and inducing ferroptosis
Authors: Li Sen , Ren Qian-Jun , Xie Can-Hao , Cui Yang , Xu Li-Tao , Wang Yi-Dan , Li Su , Liang Xing-Qiu , Wen Bin , Liang Ming-Kun , Zhao Xiao-Fang
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Liver fibrosis is a compensatory response during the tissue repair process in chronic liver injury, and finally leads to liver cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis is associated with the progressive accumulation of activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which can transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts to produce an excess of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Myofibroblasts are the main source of the excessive ECM responsible for hepatic fibrosis. Therefore, activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs), the principal ECM producing cells in the injured liver, are a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.

AIM

To explore the effect of taurine on aHSC proliferation and the mechanisms involved.

METHODS

Human HSCs (LX-2) were randomly divided into five groups: Normal control group, platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) (20 ng/mL) treated group, and low, medium, and high dosage of taurine (10 mmol/L, 50 mmol/L, and 100 mmol/L, respectively) with PDGF-BB (20 ng/mL) treated group. Cell Counting Kit-8 method was performed to evaluate the effect of taurine on the viability of aHSCs. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to estimate the effect of taurine on the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde, glutathione, and iron concentration. Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the effect of taurine on the autophagosomes and ferroptosis features in aHSCs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the effect of taurine on the expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, Fibronectin 1, LC3B, ATG5, Beclin 1, PTGS2, SLC7A11, and p62.

RESULTS

Taurine promoted the death of aHSCs and reduced the deposition of the ECM. Treatment with taurine could alleviate autophagy in HSCs to inhibit their activation, by decreasing autophagosome formation, downregulating LC3B and Beclin 1 protein expression, and upregulating p62 protein expression. Meanwhile, treatment with taurine triggered ferroptosis and ferritinophagy to eliminate aHSCs characterized by iron overload, lipid ROS accumulation, glutathione depletion, and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that taurine had a direct targeting effect on nuclear receptor coactivator 4, exhibiting the best average binding affinity of -20.99 kcal/mol.

CONCLUSION

Taurine exerts therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis via mechanisms that involve inhibition of autophagy and trigger of ferroptosis and ferritinophagy in HSCs to eliminate aHSCs.
Randzonen präzise einstellen
Authors: Denkena Berend , Bergmann Benjamin , Legutko Beate , Maiß Oliver , Wöhrle Michael
Published: April 2024

Die Funktionalität eines Bauteils wird durch die Oberflächen- und Randzonen- eigenschaften beeinflusst. Diese werden durch ausgewählte Prozesse – wie Festwalzen und Bandfinishen – positiv verändert. Bislang ist die Randzone jedoch in der Auslegung der Bauteile unterrepräsentiert – zum Beispiel der Eigenspannungseinfluss.
WORLD EXPERIENCE IN PRIMARY EDUCATION
Authors:   Jizzakh state pedagogical university, Uzbekistan, Sherboeva Nodira
Published: April 2024

Primary education serves as the cornerstone of a nation's educational system, shaping the future of individuals and societies. This article provides a comprehensive review of primary education systems worldwide, drawing on global experiences to identify key lessons learned and best practices. Through a thorough literature review and analysis of primary education systems in various countries, including both developed and developing nations, this study examines the structure, curriculum, teaching methods, assessment practices, and educational outcomes of primary education. Common challenges faced by primary education systems, such as access, quality, equity, and relevance, are explored, along with successful strategies for addressing them. The role of government policies, socio-economic factors, cultural influences, and technological advancements in shaping primary education is also examined. The findings highlight the importance of sharing global experiences and collaborating across borders to improve primary education and ensure equitable access to quality education for all children. This article concludes with implications for policymakers, educators, researchers, and other stakeholders, as well as recommendations for future research and collaboration in primary education.
THEORETICAL BASIS OF DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CAPACITIES OF STUDENTS IN PRE-SCHOOL AND SCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors:   Methodist of visual arts and drawing science, ", Khursonali Ortiqov Aziz ,   Department of Methodological Services",   of the National Center for Training Teachers in New Methodologies in Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: April 2024

Childhood is the period of completion of an important period of development for the child. During this period, the child develops physical, cognitive, speech, social-emotional, and self-care skills. During this period, the concept of value develops as a result of the child’s interaction with the social environment.
THE STUDY OF SOCIAL NETWORKS AS AN ACTIVE FACTOR INFLUENCING THE FORMATION OF YOUTH VALUES FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY
Authors:   Gulistan State University Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences 2nd year student, Uzbekistan, ogli Jumaboyev Abbos Xasan
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of "virtual" social media as a factor influencing the formation of markers of the value palette and preferences of modern youth. The purpose of this study is to identify among the youth audience the role of social media in the formation of value-semantic attitudes and preferences. Through the content analysis of virtual discourse, the authors determine the motives for the inclusion of young people in virtual communities and the content orientation of these virtual groups. As a result, the authors conclude that the dominant force of social networks is the self-affirmation of a personality with an active representative sample included in various communities, living and acting according to the rules of these groups and receiving social approval and support, which often leads to a break with cultural tradition and the formation of a new type of personality, which determines the novelty and relevance of the research in in modern conditions of the development of a digital society.
MODERATION OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND THE EFFECT OF PROFITABILITY, LEVERAGE, COMPANY SIZE, AND DIVIDEND POLICY ON SUSTAINABLE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE
Authors:   Lecturer of Master of Management Study Program, Pamulang University Postgraduate Program. Bantam. Indonesia, MASNO DR.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate, know, and analyze the effect of corporate governance in moderating the effect of profitability, leverage, company size, and dividend policy on company value. The object of research in this study is the LQ45 Index listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2022 period. We use associative quantitative methods. The number of samples in this study based on criteria was obtained as many as 90 data from 15 companies for 6 years with the EViews testing tool. The analysis techniques used are descriptive statistical analysis, panel data regression testing, classical assumption testing, and interaction testing (MRA). The results showed that some profitability and dividend policies had a positive and significant effect on the value of the company, while leverage and company size did not have a significant effect on the value of the company. While the interaction test (MRA) results show that corporate governance can moderate profitability and dividend policy affects company value, corporate governance cannot moderate the effect of leverage and company size on company value. These findings provide valuable insights for companies in structuring sustainability activities and shaping dividend policies related to ownership structures. It also offers policy prescriptions on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the field of corporate financing policies.
Analysis of Student Route Choice Model to University of Palangka Raya Using Multilogit Nomial Method
Authors: Siahaan Neagel Banderas Zepanya , Silitonga Sutan Parasian , Elvina Ina
Published: April 2024

The various types of routes or traffic routes that will be taken to University of Palangka Raya require route selection so that it can be efficient in distance, travel time and cost. In the selection of this road network route, route selection will be analyzed from the results of field calculations with the perceptions of road users. The data is analyzed with the help of the SPSS application so that it can be seen which routes are most attractive to students when traveling to University of Palangka Raya, factors that influence students in choosing routes to University of Palangka Raya, and characteristics of users of travel routes to University of Palangka Raya. The methods used in this research are Descriptive Method and Multilogit Nomial Method. Based on the results of research with 664 respondents, the variables that influence the selection of student routes to University of Palangka Raya between Murung Raya Dormitory, Keminting, and Yos Soedarso are distance from residence to campus, distance (dummy variable), how to travel and other reasons (dummy variable), with probability results amounting to: Pasrama = 1.1%, Pkeminting = 69.3%, Pyos soedarso = 29.7%, Plainnya = 0%.
Synthesis Oxalic Acid from Durian skin (Durio Zibethinus) with Alkali Smelting Method
Authors: Hutagalung Johannes Martua
Published: April 2024

Durian (Durio zibethinus) , nicknamed The King of Fruit, is a fruit that is quite popular in Indonesia. This prickly fruit which has a pungent aroma and distinctive taste is very popular with many people. The edible part of the fruit (percentage of fruit flesh weight) is low, which is only around 20.52%, this means that there are around 79.48% which is the part that is not utilized for consumption such as the skin and seeds of the durian fruit. So, there is a lot of durian skin waste that will be produced. Durian fruit skin contains lignocellulosic materials, namely cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Based on the data above, we want to utilize durian skin waste in research on the manufacture of oxalic acid. To make oxalic acid from durian fruit peel waste, we use the alkaline smelting method with several stages, namely: precipitation with CaCl2, acidification with H2SO4 and crystallization. The alkali used was NaOH with various concentrations of 3N, 4N, and 5N with cooking times of 30, 40, and 60 minutes at a temperature of 95oC. The optimum concentration of NaOH and optimum melting time to make oxalic acid from durian fruit peel waste was at the solution concentration. NaOH 4N and a time of 60 minutes with a weight % Yield of 6,95%.
Analysis of the Financial and Technical Feasibility of Erection a Herbal Medicine Factory Pt. Tugu Semar Production Using the Systematic Layout Planning Method
Authors: Nada Muhammad Bisyri , Oetomo Dedy Setyo , Hermawan Asep
Published: April 2024

Abstract: With the increasing demand for herbal medicine and efforts to reduce the import value of herbal drugs, PT Tugu Semar Production plans to enhance production by establishing a new factory. The planning utilizes the Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) method and conducts a financial feasibility analysis related to the investment. The prospective location is in Blitar, with a production capacity of 100 liters or 500 bottles. The research also encompasses a financial feasibility analysis using capex data of Rp. 4,539,800,000 and first-year opex of Rp. 3,646,980,053. The financial feasibility analysis results in an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 21%, indicating the financial viability of the investment. With a significant IRR, the project estimates a return on investment within 4 years and 8 months. These findings provide a comprehensive insight into the success of herbal medicine factory planning using the SLP method and instill confidence that this investment holds high financial feasibility potential. The implications of this research are expected to offer strategic guidance to PT Tugu Semar Production in decision-making concerning the development of the herbal medicine factory in Blitar.

Keywords: Systematic Layout Planning; NPV ; IRR ; PBP
The Potential of Cynodon Dactylon and Lolium Perenne 'Brightstar' as Phytoremediator Agents in Dealing with the Problem of Sea Water Intrusion in the North Coastal Area of Karawang
Authors: Rizkiah Riza , Sewiko Roni , Pranoto Aris Kabul , Pasaribu Roberto Patar , Djari Anthon Anthonny , Rahman Abdul , Ismail R Moh , Handayani Endy , Luciana Luciana , Mulyana Muhammad Agus
Published: April 2024

Sea water intrusion is a process where sea water is mixed with underground water around the coast, causing the ground water to become salty because it is contaminated by sea water which is rich in salt. Sea air that enters the ground causes the air to become unfit for consumption and causes the land to become unproductive for planting. People in the Pakis Jaya area, Karawang face difficulties, especially regarding land use for agricultural activities. This is because the land used for cultivating plants is saline soil with a high salt content. Phytoremediation is a method used to clean air or soil contaminated with pollutants, by using the ability of plants to absorb these substances. Cynodon Dactylon    and lolium Perenne Brightstar plants are a type of grass that can be used to reduce high salt levels in the soil because these plants are able to live in places with high salinity and also have the ability to reduce salinity by absorbing chloride ions in it. The methods used in this research consisted of: Sampling Process, Plant Acclimatization Stage, Salinity Concentration Test before and after planting grass in Soil Media. The test results showed that the salt content in the soil before planting was 19.20 dS/m and after planting it was 0.02-0.03 dS/M.
Numerical values modulate size perception
Authors: Avitan Aviv , Marom Dror , Henik Avishai
Published: April 2024

The link between various codes of magnitude and their interactions has been studied extensively for many years. In the current study, we examined how the physical and numerical magnitudes of digits are mapped into a combined mental representation. In two psychophysical experiments, participants reported the physically larger digit among two digits. In the identical condition, participants compared digits of an identical value (e.g., “2” and “2”); in the different condition, participants compared digits of distinct numerical values (i.e., “2” and “5”). As anticipated, participants overestimated the physical size of a numerically larger digit and underestimated the physical size of a numerically smaller digit. Our results extend the shared-representation account of physical and numerical magnitudes.
Metodología para la Aplicación del Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas en la Enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales de los Estudiantes de Octavo Grado de Educación General Básica del CECIBEB Doctor Segundo Timoteo Machado Bonilla
Authors: Aulla Paca César Hernán , Acosta Gómez Diego Marcelo , Pujos Ganazhapa Jenny Alexandra , Murillo Tayo Jimena Alexandra , Acosta Gómez Cristian Fernando
Published: April 2024

El presente proyecto se planteó como objetivo diseñar una metodología para la aplicación de la estrategia del ABP en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje de las Ciencias Naturales de los estudiantes de octavo grado de Educación General Básica del CECIBEB. El enfoque metodológico del estudio fue cuantitativo-cualitativo desde la investigación de campo y documental, el método aplicado fue lógico- deductivo, con una muestra de 60 estudiantes y cinco docentes, a quienes se les administró un cuestionario y una entrevista respectivamente, dando como resultado la certeza de que la mayoría de los docentes no aplican metodologías activas a pesar de conocer la estrategia de ABP, de tal modo que se hace imperante el desarrollo de la propuesta. En el que se concluyó que a través de estrategias ABP innovadoras y la aplicación de metodologías activas los estudiantes desarrollar de forma integral sus habilidades y destrezas siendo participativos y críticos en su proceso de aprendizaje.
Dinamización de Contenidos en el Aula Sobre las Estructuras de Control Python Utilizando Experiencias Innovadoras y Gamificación
Authors: Pardo Montero Juan Pablo , Cueva Mendoza Mónica Mireya , Jiménez Torres Danny Gino
Published: April 2024

El presente proyecto de innovación educativa aplicando una metodología activa como es la gamificación para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el estudio de las estructuras de control del lenguaje de programación Python, destinado a los estudiantes del tercer semestre de la especialidad de Desarrollo de Software del Instituto Tecnológico Superior Mariano Samaniego de la ciudad de Cariamanga; este proyecto gamificado busca que los estudiantes se adentren en el estudio de la programación, siendo un tema que resulta difícil; con la implementación de la gamificación, los juegos serios, la dinamización de contenidos y las experiencias innovadoras se busca que el estudio de temas relacionados al lenguaje de Python sea más llevadero y por ende la curva de aprendizaje se alcance en menor tiempo. Para el desarrollo del proyecto se plantean siete sesiones, donde la narrativa es el hilo conductor del proyecto, estableciendo un conjunto de misiones en la que los estudiantes son los principales protagonistas, ellos aplicarán los conocimientos adquiridos sea impartidos por el docente o por investigaciones realizadas y que serán de ayuda para finalizar el proyecto, así mismo el uso de esta metodología ayuda a comprender los temas debido a su naturaleza innovadora y contextual.
Uso de Midodrina en Síndrome Hepatorrenal. Reporte de un Caso
Authors: María Gabriela De La Cruz Novoa , Javier Enrique Dominguez Vera , Cornejo Jhon Sánchez , Geovanny Daniel Cabezas Ramos , Oswaldo Andres Bolaños Ladinez
Published: April 2024

La cirrosis hepática es una patología crónica asociada a un deterioro orgánico progresivo. El síndrome hepatorrenal es una grave complicación vinculada a una elevada morbimortalidad, caracterizado por alteraciones circulatorias renales que agotan los mecanismos fisiológicos compensatorios, conduciendo a una reducción de la tasa de filtración glomerular. El diagnóstico del síndrome hepatorrenal se establece por exclusión, una vez descartada la azotemia prerrenal y otras causas de lesión renal aguda. La mayoría de estos episodios se inician por un evento agudo, siendo la infección bacteriana un factor precipitante común de la lesión renal aguda en pacientes cirróticos. El tratamiento definitivo del síndrome hepatorrenal es el trasplante hepático, que debe considerarse de manera inicial para mejorar la supervivencia. Sin embargo, debido al estado trasplantológico del país, se han implementado medidas farmacológicas como terapias provisionales. Entre ellas, destaca la terapia vasoconstrictora sistémica, que actúa como puente al trasplante hepático. A continuación, presentamos un caso clínico seguido en nuestra casa de salud, Hospital Clínica San Francisco, en un paciente con antecedentes de cirrosis hepática que desarrolló como complicación el síndrome hepatorrenal. El tratamiento médico se llevó a cabo en el área de terapia intensiva con medidas de apoyo vital y terapia vasoconstrictora sistémica y oral. Desafortunadamente, nuestra paciente no cumple con los criterios para trasplante hepático.
Unraveling the Interaction of Work Environment, Work-Life Balance, Perceived Organizational Support, and Career Anxiety among Female Workers
Authors: Kismiati Nova Erin , Novie Muhafidhah , Pujianto Wahyu Eko , Larassaty Ayu Lucy
Published: April 2024

Women play a crucial role in workforce growth and can contribute to identifying and addressing gender inequality in the workplace. Women play a crucial role in workforce growth and can contribute to identifying and addressing gender inequality in the workplace. Women play a crucial role in workforce growth and can contribute to identifying and addressing gender inequality in the workplace. However, they also face significant challenges in balancing work and personal life. This study utilized a causal approach and collected data through questionnaires. The study utilized SPSS software for analysis and the Hayes model 65 process macro to evaluate the proposed hypotheses. The results indicate a positive and significant influence of work environment on both individual performance and work-life balance, as well as a positive and significant influence of work-life balance on individual performance. Additionally, Perceived Organizational Support enhances the connection between the work environment and work-life balance, as well as individual performance. Moreover, this study demonstrates that career anxiety undermines the relationship between work-life balance and individual performance.
The Strategy of Public Services Through Digitalization in Indonesia: A Comparative Study from South Korea Success Story
Authors: Arifianti Dwi Lina , Sakapurnama Eko
Published: April 2024

This article provides an overview of the current conditions of digitalizing public services in Indonesia. Rapid transformation in information technology has created opportunities to simplify bureaucratic processes through digitalization. This research analyses public services through digitalization and their potential in the future, comparing them with successful stories in South Korea. Through a comparative study, this study aims to identify best practices in overcoming the gaps and challenges in digitalizing public services. This study uses a qualitative approach by collecting comprehensive literature review data, government reports, and other relevant secondary data. A comparative analysis of Korea's digitalization efforts was conducted to gain insight into potential lessons and best practices. The research results show that the digitalization of public services in Indonesia has large ambitions. However, it still needs to catch up to Korea regarding implementation strategies and the design of digital government principles. Prioritizing digitalization in public services increases the effectiveness and efficiency of public services and equalizes society's quality of life.
Analysing the Impact and Investigating Coconut Shell Fiber Reinforced Concrete (CSFRC) under Varied Loading Conditions
Authors: Parthasaarathi R  , Balasundaram N  , Naveen Arasu A  , Senthil kumar R
Published: April 2024

This experimental study focuses on analyzing the compositional characteristics of Coconut Shell Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (CSFRC) under varying impact loading conditions. To conduct the experiments, a specially designed falling weight hammer system was utilized to apply cyclic impact loads to both one-time and recurrently tested specimens. The study evaluated two types of specimens: plain Cement Concrete (PCC) and CSFRC, with dimensions of 150 mm in diameter and 300 mm in height for larger specimens and 100 mm in diameter and 150 mm in height for smaller ones. The impact testing involved subjecting these specimens to critical impact load energies using a drop hammering impact load test. Several parameters, including impact pressure, elastic modulus exchange, and the dynamic instability factor (DIF) of CSFRC, were studied during a single load impact test. Through a series of impact tests, the study established a correlation between the maximum compressive stresses experienced and the significant damage caused by the impact loading. It was observed that the maximum critical impact stress levels were linked to the peaks in impact loading, leading to a conclusive finding. This study also focuses on investigating the behavior of Coconut Shell Fiber Reinforced Concrete (CSFRC) under diverse loading conditions. To assess the performance of CSFRC, we subjected specimens to varying types and levels of loading. These specimens, along with plain Cement Concrete (PCC) reference samples, were prepared in two different sizes: 150 mm in diameter and 300 mm in height for larger specimens and 100 mm in diameter and 150 mm in height for smaller ones. The impact testing involved exposing the CSFRC specimens to critical impact load energies using a drop hammering impact load test. Throughout these tests, we examined impact pressure, elastic modulus exchange, and the dynamic response represented by the dynamic increase factor (DIF) specific to CSFRC. Furthermore, we conducted a comparative analysis to assess and contrast the primary failure modes and risks associated with PCC and CSFRC samples under varying loading conditions. Through a series of rigorous impact tests, we established a conclusive relationship between the maximum compressive stresses reached and the extent of damage incurred due to the impact loading. Our findings illuminate how CSFRC behaves and responds to different loading conditions, shedding light on its suitability for various applications in construction and engineering.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA MONTESSORI TERHADAP PRESTASIBELAJARMATEMATIKASISWATUNAGRAHITADI SLB TUNAS SEJAHTERA SLEMAN
Authors: FAJAR NURATUL , HIDAYAT LUQMAN
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media montessori terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa tunagrahita di SLB Tunas Sejahtera Sleman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen dan menggunakan desain penelitian one grup pretest posstest design. Lokasi penelitian ini yaitu dilaksanakan di SLB Tunas Sejahtera Sleman dengan subyek penelitian yaitu peserta didik yang berjumlah 6 siswa. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan test tertulis yaitu berupa pretest dan posttest. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non parametrik dengan menggunakan uji rangking bertanda wilcoxon pada taraf signifikan α=5%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang sudah diperoleh dengan pengujian hipotesis yaitu diperoleh nilai Z = -2.226 dengan Asymp Sig. (2-tailed) 0,026 yang berada dibawah 0,05 yang artinya nilai Asymp Sig. (2-tailed) lebih kecil (<) dari 0,05. Maka dapat diartikan bahwa Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penggunaan media montessori terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa tunagrahita di SLB Tunas Sejahtera Sleman.
Utilizing Machine Learning Techniques forthe Detection of Plant Leaf Diseases
Authors: Chilaka Rao Sri M. , Kumar Sharun , . Kishore , Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Sravan
Published: April 2024

Identification of plant diseases is crucial for preserving crops and ensuring food security. Analysis of detectable chemicals in plants is essential to understand transmission mechanisms and develop effective strategies for disease control measures to conserve agricultural products and prevent losses. However, manual monitoring of plant health is labor-intensive and time-consuming, requiring specialized skills and knowledge. To overcome these challenges, random forest systems are emerging as a powerful tool for disease detection and classification in plants. The process involves several steps, including image acquisition, preprocessing, and segmentation, followed by feature extraction, model training, and testing. Leveraging machine learning techniques, the random forest algorithm enables accurate classification of healthy and diseased leaves based on selected features. Image classification techniques are utilized to extract color information, while global features such as size and texture are captured through annotation. The dataset used for model training and testing comprises diverse samples, encompassing healthy and diseased plants. The random forest model is trained on 70% of the data to ensure robust learning, while the remaining 30% is reserved for testing, facilitating the exploration of model performance and overall feasibility
A Scoping Review on the Psychosocial Effects of Sexual Abuse on the Girl Child in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Keikabile Tsholofelo , Matlakala Frans Koketso , Mapaling Curwyn
Published: April 2024

Child sexual abuse has become a global phenomenon. The statistics of sexual abuse of a girl child by relatives and/or other people known to the girl child are shocking. Various factors predispose a girl child to be susceptible to sexual abuse. As a result, the purpose of this study was to review the existing literature on the psychosocial effects of sexual abuse on a girl child. The study used a scoping review guided by PRISMA-ScR guidelines. African Journals Online, Sabinet African Journals, EBSCOHost, PubMed, and ScienceDirect were used in the study to compile papers that were assessed for their coverage of the psychosocial impacts of child sexual abuse on girls between 2012 and 2023. The collected data was narratively analysed using thematic analysis. The study revealed that child sexual abuse has an impact on the mental health of the girl child which leads to their behavioural change. It further revealed that children are afraid to disclose sexual abuse as they fear secondary victimisation in the community. It was recommended that community awareness and education be organised to equip community members about the impact of stigmatisation on victims, and appropriate ways must be created to respond to the disclosure of sexual abuse. This study contributes to the academic field of child psychology and social work by offering a comprehensive analysis of the psychosocial impacts of child sexual abuse on girls in Sub-Saharan Africa, identifying gaps in current literature, and providing evidence-based recommendations for community and policy-level interventions. Its findings underscore the critical need for gender- and age-specific research and interventions to mitigate the profound effects of sexual abuse on vulnerable populations.

Keywords: Effects, Girl Child, Psychosocial, Sexual Abuse, Scoping Review
Assessing the Energy Crisis in South Africa: The Socio-Economic Implication and Challenges Ahead
Authors: Lamidi Kazeem Oyedele , Juta Lusanda Beauty
Published: April 2024

This paper examined the socio-economic implications caused by the current energy crisis South Africa is facing. Although the crisis is not at its worst stage when compared to other countries in Africa, there are still challenges ahead if the crisis at this stage is not nipped in the bud. This paper aims at providing an overview of the energy crisis and reasons for its persistence in South Africa taking a departure from 2007. It thus examined the effect of the energy crisis on human livelihood, manufacturing businesses and the economic growth of South Africans. It discussed the concerted efforts made by the government in terms of policy intervention to solve the energy crisis, vis-à-vis policy successes and the challenges in South Africa. Using secondary data sources, this paper analysed the problems behind the energy crisis and its persistent nature in South Africa. It reviewed the extant literature intending to showcase government activities in terms of policies and actions toward subduing the energy crisis in South Africa. It also underlined the strengths and the weaknesses of government policies on the energy crisis in South Africa. This paper found that population expansions and ever-increasing human activities constitute major reasons for the persistent energy crisis in South Africa. This paper concluded that the energy crisis in South Africa may continue to take its negative recourse on the people and economy if adequate attention is not being paid to alternative energy sources at provincial and municipal levels. The attention should aim at complementing the existing energy infrastructure as well as accommodating the energy needs of the population and ever-increasing human activities. This study contributes to the existing debate on securing energy transition in the developing economy of South Africa.

Keywords: Energy Crisis, South Africa Government, Policy, Socio-economic Implications.
Chief Mohlomi’s Indigenous Epistemology of a Healing Career: A Psychobiographical Analysis
Authors: Sefotho Maximus Monaheng , Lindstrom Lauren Elizabeth
Published: April 2024

This study was a psychobiographical analysis of Chief Mohlomi’s indigenous epistemology of a healing career. Mohlomi was an unconventional thinker and the great-grandson of the king of the Bakoena, Monaheng, who lived in pre-colonial Africa. Mohlomi is generally referred to as the Socrates of Africa, a philosopher par excellence. He was also known as a great healer. The study answered the question: How can Chief Mohlomi’s indigenous epistemology of healing practices help bridge the Western, educated, industrialised, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) psychological healing practices gap and promote Afrocentric indigenous healing practices? Savickas’ Career Construction Theory was used as a lens to interpret Chief Mohlomi’s career of healing. Employing a single-case design, biographical data was examined to understand Chief Mohlomi’s indigenous epistemology of healing practices. The findings underscore Mohlomi’s indigenous epistemology of healing, healing for well-being, healing for inclusion and healing as nation-building. This study contributes to the field of psychology in general through the use of a psychobiography. In particular, the study contributes to the fields of career development and psychiatry based on the lessons learned from Chief Mohlomi’s epistemology of healing. Keywords: Healing Career, Indigenous Epistemology, Chief Mohlomi, Psychobiography, Lesotho.
ICT Enhanced Approaches for Student Centred Learning: A Case of Accounting Education Pedagogy Implementation at a Selected University in South Africa
Authors: Seleke Zikhona
Published: April 2024

In this digital era, adopting Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for teaching and learning is essential in producing graduates who are life-long learners. University teachers should adopt student-centred approaches while engaging ICT in their pedagogies to be relevant in the 21st century. The purpose of the study was to explore how Accounting Education university teachers engaged in ICT-enhanced approaches to drive student-centred learning. Drawing on the conceptual framework designed by the selected university Teaching and Learning Directorate, Blended Learning for Student-centredness (BL4SC), a qualitative research design was adopted to explore how lecturers engaged ICT in their pedagogy to drive student-centred learning. Self-determination theory was employed to understand how Accounting Education students experienced the ICT approaches. In-depth interviews and semi-structured interviews (17 Accounting level three students and 4 Accounting university teachers) were conducted, and the data was analysed according to emergent themes. The findings revealed evidence of the need to increase the availability of course materials and resources online, reducing geographic barriers to education and the need to improve student engagement and participation in learning activities facilitated by ICT tools. Inadequate infrastructure, limited internet connectivity, technological literacy among students, and faculty readiness are the barriers to ICT-enhanced teaching approaches and therefore reduce opportunities for student-centred learning. The study recommends improving technological infrastructure to support the effective integration of ICT-enhanced teaching, continuous training, and support for both university teachers and students to enhance their proficiency in using ICT tools for student-centred learning to be foregrounded.

Keywords: ICT-enhanced approaches, Student-centred Learning, Teaching and Learning
Emerging Technologies. Life at the Edge of the Future, de Sarah Pink
Authors: Pugnuoli Sergio
Published: April 2024

Reseña de Sergio Pignuoli del libro Emerging Technologies. Life at the Edge of the Future, de Sarah Pink. London, New York: Routledge, 2022.
Long Lives Are for the Rich: Aging, the Life Course, and Social Justice, de Jan Baars
Authors: Cabib Ignacio
Published: April 2024

Reseña de Ignacio Cabib del libro Long Lives Are for the Rich: Aging, the Life Course, and Social Justice, de Jan Baars. Londres: Routledge, 2023.
INTEGRATING EVOLUTIONARY GAME AND SYSTEM DYNAMICS FOR MULTI-PLAYER SAFETY REGULATION OF MAJOR INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS IN CHINA
Authors: Xue Xiaolong , Ji Ankang , Luo Xiaowei , Dou Yudan , Fan Hongqin
Published: April 2024

Aiming at safety regulation in the operation of major infrastructure projects (MIPs) to prevent potential risk loss and adverse social impacts, this research presents a novel model integrating evolutionary game and system dynamics (SD) for optimizing safety regulation strategies with different stakeholders involving the operating company (OC), government section (GS), and public under the bounded rationality, where the evolutionary game theory is applied to describe the interactions among stakeholders in the safety regulation of MIPs followed by simulating through adopting the SD to analyze the effects of different strategies on equilibrium solutions and the stability of game equilibrium. In view of the simulation results based on five scenarios, the dynamic penalty-incentive scenario not only effectively restrains the fluctuations of the strategy selection, but also provides an ideal evolutionary stable strategy, in which the OC could nearly choose to comply with the regulations, while the public could nearly choose to supervise the OC as their optimal strategy to prevent risks. All results indicate that the application of the evolutionary game with the SD model is an effective way to analyze the effects of different strategies and provide effective solutions to study complex multi-player game problems. Overall, this research contributes to developing an evolutionary game with the SD model for the safety regulation of MIPs, which can serve as a platform to identify reasonable regulatory strategies with great practical application.
Development and validation of novel simple prognostic model for predicting mortality in Korean intensive care units using national insurance claims data
Authors: Leem Ah Young , Han Soyul , Chung Kyung Soo , Lee Su Hwan , Park Moo Suk , Lee Bora , Kim Young Sam
Published: April 2024

Background/Aims: Intensive care unit (ICU) quality is largely determined by the mortality rate. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate a novel prognostic model for predicting mortality in Korean ICUs, using national insurance claims data.Methods: Data were obtained from the health insurance claims database maintained by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service of South Korea. From patients who underwent the third ICU adequacy evaluation, 42,489 cases were enrolled and randomly divided into the derivation and validation cohorts. Using the models derived from the derivation cohort, we analyzed whether they accurately predicted death in the validation cohort. The models were verified using data from one general and two tertiary hospitals.Results: Two severity correction models were created from the derivation cohort data, by applying variables selected through statistical analysis, through clinical consensus, and from performing multiple logistic regression analysis. Model 1 included six categorical variables (age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, ventilator use, hemodialysis or continuous renal replacement therapy, and vasopressor use). Model 2 additionally included presence/absence of ICU specialists and nursing grades. In external validation, the performance of models 1 and 2 for predicting in-hospital and ICU mortality was not inferior to that of pre-existing scoring systems.Conclusions: The novel and simple models could predict in-hospital and ICU mortality and were not inferior compared to the pre-existing scoring systems.
Estimer la mortalité aux âges élevés dans les pays à données incomplètes : les estimations basées sur la survie des parents sont-elles affectées par des biais de sélection ?
Authors: Menashe-Oren Ashira , Masquelier Bruno , Schlüter Benjamin-Samuel , Helleringer Stéphane
Published: April 2024

La mortalité aux âges élevés reste peu documentée dans les pays où les systèmes d’enregistrement et les statistiques de l’état civil sont incomplets. Les enquêtes comportant des questions sur la survie des parents peuvent contribuer à combler cette lacune en fournissant des estimations de la mortalité des plus de 50 ans. Notre article évalue si des biais de sélection pourrait altérer la qualité de ces estimations. Nous analysons les données de trois observatoires de population et de santé regroupant 9 600 femmes et 8 500 hommes. Nous appliquons des modèles de Cox afin d’estimer la mortalité des femmes et des hommes âgés de 50 à 89 ans en fonction du nombre de leurs filles adultes (qui sont généralement les répondantes aux enquêtes). Les résultats indiquent que les personnes sans enfant vivant au moment de l’enquête font face à un risque de décès plus important. Les estimations de mortalité déduites des déclarations sur la survie des parents sont donc susceptibles de sous-estimer les niveaux de mortalité après 50 ans, même si aucun biais systématique n’apparaît clairement. La collecte de données sur la survie des parents constitue finalement un outil prometteur pour mesurer la mortalité aux âges élevés, étant donné le faible risque de biais de sélection.
Sophie Gagnon : le sens commun, une force puissante
Authors: Auger Claudine , Chauvin Maude
Published: April 2024

Sophie Gagnon, brillante avocate au cabinet Norton Rose Fulbright de Montréal, a quitté en 2017 un poste de prestige pour écouter son désir d’aider et de contribuer à la société. En prenant la barre de Juripop, habitée par un leadership contagieux, elle a assuré à l’organisme communautaire une solide croissance et lui a insufflé une énergie inspirante.
Le paradoxe environnemental du numérique
Authors: Johnson Maxime
Published: April 2024

Les technologies sont généralement vues comme des solutions à la lutte contre les changements climatiques. Leurs effets sur la planète bleue ne sont toutefois pas toujours roses.
Le non-verbal à l’ère numérique
Authors: Barlow Julie
Published: April 2024

À mesure qu’augmente le nombre d’outils de communication, les questions sur la façon de les utiliser et de les interpréter se multiplient. Combien de temps peut-on attendre pour répondre à un courriel ? Puis-je téléphoner directement à mon patron ou devrais-je lui envoyer un texto avant ? L’émoji « visage triste » à la fin d’un texte signifie-t-il que je suis fâché ? Déçu ? Désolé ?
La tentation de la surveillance
Authors: Venne Jean-François
Published: April 2024

« Que font réellement mes employés lorsqu’ils travaillent à la maison ? » Cette question obsède de plus en plus de gestionnaires. Pour y répondre, ils utilisent une panoplie d’outils de surveillance électronique. Mais est-ce réellement la solution ?