bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Analysis on Hanging Dam Formation and Evolution
Authors: Senarathbandara Randula , Clark Shawn P. , Dow Karen
Published: December 2023

Hanging dams are thick accumulations of frazil ice beneath an existing ice cover that are formed during the freeze-up period at locations where a fast-flowing river section enters a section with relatively low velocity. Hanging dams can have a substantial impact on the hydraulics of an ice-covered river. This paper presents an experimental study on hanging dam formation and evolution conducted using a laboratory physical model of a river issuing water into a relatively large reservoir using simulated frazil ice and a simulated ice cover. The incoming ice supply rate and the approach Froude number of the river are the two parameters that have an impact on the hanging dam formation with respect to several physical characteristics of the hanging dam. Hanging dam erosion was observed by increasing the approach Froude number of the river after a hanging dam had already formed. Both the formation and erosion of the hanging dam were qualitatively compared with field observations of hanging dam occurrences using satellite imagery and hydrometric data to support the applicability of the experimental results to a field scenario. The results presented in this paper comprise the first published qualitative laboratory data on hanging dam formation, helping to improve our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of hanging dam formation and evolution.
Temporal and Spatial Changes of Hydrographic Connectivity with the Development of Agriculture, Industry, and Urban Areas: A Case Study of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province during the Last Two Decades
Authors: Li Zhiying , Wei Chaoyang , Zhou Jianli , Yang Fen
Published: December 2023

Hydrographic connectivity stands as a crucial indicator for analyzing the structural dynamics within river and lake systems. Nevertheless, the impact of changes in hydrographic connectivity, including structural and functional connectivity within extensive river basins, on the progression of agriculture, industry, and habitation remain scarcely explored. To bridge this gap, Henan province in China, traversed by the Yellow River, was selected as a case study. The extraction of water information was facilitated by employing a remote sensing-based Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), while Set Pair Analysis was utilized to construct a hydrographic connectivity evaluation system for the study area spanning the preceding two decades (2000–2020). The results revealed that for structural connectivity, agricultural land covers over 50% and prevails as the primary land-use type; reservoir and lake areas initially increased before subsequently decreasing. Human activities have exerted a profound influence on these changes. Meanwhile, the structural form of the water system has gradually improved, exhibiting an increasing complexity of river networks and a stabilizing connectivity configuration. As for functional connectivity, the natural function remains well-preserved, while the social function demonstrates a positive correlation with the expansion of industrial activities, eventually achieving an excellent level from a moderate level. Overall, agriculture dominated the water usage structure, with residential water consumption steadily increasing, thereby positively impacting hydrographic connectivity in the studied area.
A Multiple Model Approach for Flood Forecasting, Simulation, and Evaluation Coupling in Zhouqu County
Authors: Li Yongfeng , Liu Yi , Liu Xiaoming , Shen Chao
Published: December 2023

Flood disasters are considered to be one of the ten natural disasters that threaten the survival of mankind. They occur frequently and have a serious impact on the national economy. For quicker response to the sudden flood, in this paper, the relevant characteristics of flood forecasting and disaster assessment are comprehensively studied to establish the corresponding models, and a multi-objective culture shuffled complex differential evolution (MOCSCDE) algorithm is proposed to optimize the model parameters. It can achieve better convergence and significantly improve the model accuracy. Then, a river hydrodynamic model is established to simulate the flooding process, and the characteristics of flood evolution, such as water depth, flow speed, duration, and submerged area, are analyzed. Third, based on the above-mentioned flood forecasting and flood evolution calculations, the relative membership function (VFS) is determined via the set pair analysis method (SPA), and the variable fuzzy set model (SPAVFS) is used for flood risk assessment. Finally, through the study of flow forecasting at Zhouqu hydrological station, it is found that the accuracy of the forecast result of the built model is best compared with LSTM and XAJ model, the mean relative error is only 7.6%, and the certainty coefficient can reach 0.96, which surpass the baselines by 20% and 7.9%.
GAME EDUKASI PEMBELAJARAN IQRO DI TPQ MIFTAHUL HUDA DENGAN ANDROID STUDIO
Authors: Cahya Utami Rina , Setiyadi Andi , Bahtiar Efendi Achmad
Published: December 2023

Sistem informasi pembayaran syahriah yang berjalan di Pondok Pesantren Daarul Qur'an Ibnu Ammr masih menggunakan sistem Mempelajari Al-Qur’an merupakan hal yang penting untuk dipelajari. Dengan perkembangan teknologi yang ada, pembelajaran Alquran dapat ditingkatkan dengan aplikasi berbasis android. Dengan adanya aplikasi pembelajaran berbasis android ini dapat memudahkan anak-anak dewasa dalam mempelajari Al-Qur’an. Penerapan pembelajaran Al-Qur’an dengan harapan dapat memberikan minat bagi setiap orang untuk mempelajarinya. Selain fungsi tersebut aplikasi android juga diharapkan dapat mengenalkan kemajuan teknologi sekarang. Tujuan dari tugas akhir ini adalah untuk mengembangkan aplikasi pembelajaran berbasis android. Aplikasi yang dibuat ini berisi kumpulan materi yang meliputi (pembelajaran dasar, huruf hijaiyah, tajwid, gharib, waqaf), kuis (materi tajwid), games (tebakan dasar hijaiyah dan tebakan tajwid selanjutnya)
Yetişkinlerin Olumsuz Çocukluk Çağı Deneyimlerinin Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: SOLAK ARABACI Merve , DEMİRCİOĞLU Haktan
Published: December 2023

Araştırmada yetişkin bireylerin çocukluk çağı deneyimlerinin bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 309 yetişkin birey oluşturmuş olup araştırma verileri google forma dönüştürülen Genel Bilgi Formu ve Çocukluk Deneyimleri Ölçeği aracılığıyla elektronik olarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmada ölçeğin iç tutarlılık güvenirlik katsayısı değersizlik içeren anılar alt boyutu için .66, boyun eğdirici anılar alt boyutu için .82 ve tehdit edici anılar alt boyutu için .87, ölçeğin bütünü için ise .92 olarak bulunmuştur. Araştırmada yetişkinlerin olumsuz çocukluk yaşantılarının bireyin yaşına, cinsiyetine, medeni durumuna, çalışma durumuna göre anlamlı farklılık göstermediği; ruhsal tanı durumuna göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği; evli bireylerin çocukluk deneyimleri ile eş ilişkilerini değerlendirme düzeyi arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları literatür ışığında tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Some scientifically-methodical questions of research of complex systems
Authors:   Starovoytov Center of Information Technologies and Systems for Executive Power Authorities, Mikhailov Ju.B.
Published: December 2023

The contents of scientifically-methodical questions of research of complex systems (СS) is certain. Ways of quantitative estimations of characteristics СS are examined and examples of the scientifically-practical device of their realization are brought. The block diagram of a modelling complex as basic practical device of research СS is brought. Its primary goals, requirements to it and variants of its realization are analysed.
On the application of some graph invariants in communication network research tasks
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Samarin A.I. , Terentyeva Yu.Yu. ,   Starovoytov Center of Information Technologies and Systems for Executive Power Authorities
Published: December 2023

The problem of checking the possible isomorphism of graphs has a wide practical application and is an important problem for theoretical computer science in general and the theory of algorithms in particular. Among the numerous areas of application of algorithms for solving the problem of determining graph isomorphism, we note the problem of syntactic and structural pattern recognition, some problems of mathematical chemistry and chemoinformatics (study of molecular structures of chemical compounds), problems related to the study of social networks (for example, linking several accounts of one user on Facebook). It is not known whether it belongs to a polynomial algorithm for this problem — assuming P≠NP. It is known, for example, that NP-complete is the related problem of finding an isomorphic subgraph in a given graph. Thus, the current research is relevant, which is aimed at solving the problem of checking isomorphism for both arbitrary graphs and graphs of a special type (in practice, both exact and heuristic algorithms can be used for such studies). In various algorithms for working with graphs, one of the most common invariants is the vector of degrees. However, the use of this invariant alone for constructing most practical algorithms on graphs is apparently not sufficient; its possible generalization is the more complex invariant considered by the authors — the vector of second–order degrees. At the same time, the graphs considered in this paper with the generated vector of second-order degrees can be considered models for many real complex problems. Previously, works were published in which the orders of application of invariants calculated in polynomial time were analyzed, and such variants of algorithms for which small degrees of the applied polynomial are needed. When analyzing such algorithms, there are problems of comparing the invariants under consideration — comparing by some specially selected metric that reflects the «quality» of the invariant on the subset of the set of all graphs under consideration. The article shows that when using any natural metric, the vector of second-order degrees is better than the widely used Randich index.
Assessing the Outcomes of Circular Economy and Waste Management Partnerships between Indonesia and Denmark
Authors: Dollan Ellen , Ramadhan Bagas Dwi Kurnia , Abrina Naida
Published: December 2023

In the pursuit of sustainable environmental solutions, the bilateral collaboration between Indonesia and Denmark has emerged as a focal point of study, particularly within the spheres of the circular economy and waste management. This research, anchored in a qualitative descriptive methodology, delves deep into the intricacies of this partnership, shedding light on its commendable strides in fostering the exchange of best practices and pioneering waste reduction techniques, notably waste incineration. The collaboration, rooted in a shared commitment to environmental sustainability, has not only aimed at diminishing the adverse environmental repercussions of waste but has also sought to catalyze opportunities for both nations to achieve their waste management objectives more efficiently. However, the journey has not been devoid of challenges. A significant impediment identified is Indonesia's constrained reservoir of expert resources, which has had tangible repercussions on the effective implementation and scaling of circular economy initiatives. This limitation underscores a broader challenge faced by many emerging nations, emphasizing the critical need for capacity building and resource augmentation. The research's implications are manifold, extending beyond policy formulation to influence practitioners and academics in the environmental and sustainable development sectors. By offering a nuanced perspective on the dynamics of international collaborations, the study underscores the potential and challenges of such partnerships in addressing pressing global environmental issues, thereby serving as a beacon for similar endeavors in other developing contexts.
PATIENT TRANSFER FROM HEMODIALYSIS TO PERITONEAL DIALYSIS: A SINGLE CENTER EXPERIENCE
Authors: Herenda Vedad , Rebić Damir , Hasanspahić Senad , Kadić Faris , Hamzić-Mehmedbašić Aida
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTION Peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis are complementary ways of treating end-stage renal failure. Changing the dialysis modality from hemodialysis to peritoneal dialysis is a rare and poorly studied phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective cohort study conducted on the population of adult patients with end-stage chronic renal failure who were treated at the Nephrology Clinic of the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo in the period from 2006 to 2023. A total of 109 adult patients, whose medical documentation was complete and who were in the peritoneal dialysis program at the Nephrology Clinic of the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo during the observed period, were included in this study. One group started the treatment with peritoneal dialysis, and the other with hemodialysis. Demographic data were collected for each patient: age, gender, underlying kidney disease, comorbidities (heart disease and diabetes), duration of treatment modality, data on modality change, complications and treatment outcomes. Data from physical and electronic patient histories were used. RESULTS Total of 109 adult patients were included in this study. They are divided into two groups. Group 1 (n=99) in which peritoneal dialysis was the first treatment modality and Group 2 (n=10) in which haemodialysis was the first treatment modality, but in which patients, after a certain time, were transferred to peritoneal dialysis. The median age of patients in Group 1 was 60 (-/-14.07) years and 54 (-/+12.23) years for Group 2. Within Group 1 the most common cause of terminal renal failure was diabetic nephropathy (n=40, 40.4%) and nephroangiosclerosis (n=24, 24.24%). The mean age of onset of peritoneal dialysis was 60 (-/-14.07) years, while the mean age of cessation of peritoneal dialysis was 63 (±13.69) years. The average duration of peritoneal dialysis treatment was 38.36(±34.14) months. During the stay at peritoneal dialysis, death was recorded in 63 patients (62.38%). The number of patients who replaced peritoneal dialysis treatment with hemodialysis was 26. The most common reason for switching to haemodialysis was insufficiency of peritoneal dialysis (n=13, 14%). After switching to haemodialysis, the average length of staying on it was 10.22 months. The reason for discontinuation of haemodialysis was death (n=17, ) or transplantation (n=1, 3.7%). Kaplan-Meier test shown worse outcome in patients with haemodialyis first than peritoneal dialysis first. CONCLUSION Changing the dialysis modality carries with it a high risk of mortality, especially in the first month. Changing the way of active treatment with dialysis speaks in favor of severe comorbidities.
Dimensión ambiental de las finanzas sostenibles en América Latina: lecciones para Bolivia
Authors: Gonzales Carrasco Luis
Published: December 2023

Bolivia se ve desafiado por los temas globales y por sus necesidades locales. En este documento se busca aprender de las lecciones de la región en el tránsito de los últimos 12 años de finanzas sostenibles. Para ello se revisa la base de datos del Fondo Monetario Internacional sobre bonos verdes y se obtienen las lecciones de Chile, Brasil y México, que son los mayores emisores de bonos verdes en la región. Se identifican tres grupos que agrupan las lecciones y desafíos que Bolivia puede considerar al momento de avanzar en el progreso de las finanzas sostenibles. Primero, buscar la estabilidad macroeconómica, en especial en la relación de deuda y política fiscal. Segundo, ser coherente en la formulación y cumplimiento de objetivos ambientales, y tercero, mejorar la institucionalidad tanto económica como ambiental, de manera que permita tener una regulación efectiva y creíble en el tiempo.
Bonos verdes: un análisis integral
Authors: Forest Yepez Nathalie Lizeth
Published: December 2023

Los bonos verdes son una importante innovación financiera con potencial de movilizar recursos para inversiones que contribuyan al medio ambiente y la mitigación y adaptación al cambio climático. Con el objetivo de brindar un mayor entendimiento sobre este mercado, este artículo analiza la información de mercado disponible y la literatura sobre los principales temas relacionados con los bonos verdes. La mayoría de los estudios encuentran evidencia de greenium, de una reacción positiva de los mercados ante la emisión de bonos verdes y de un impacto positivo de los bonos verdes en el medio ambiente y el cambio climático. Sin embargo, las características singulares del mercado de bonos verdes limitan la obtención de evidencia concluyente sobre sus potenciales efectos. Por ello, también se analizan las principales barreras del mercado y las políticas públicas para desarrollar el mercado de bonos verdes.
Prevalence Of Pathologies Caused By Mandibular Third Molar Tooth Positions
Authors: BİNGÜL Muhammet Bahattin
Published: December 2023

Background: he aim of this study was to evaluate the pathologies caused by mandibular im-pacted third molars in individuals living in the Şanlıurfa region.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study conducted at Harran University Faculty of Dentistry between 2018 and 2020, panoramic radiographs of 904 patients (525 females, 379 males) were analyzed. The prevalence, impaction and position of third molars, conditions and pathologies related to these teeth were evaluated.
Results: 1664 mandibular third molars of 904 patients were analyzed. When the distribution by gender is examined, 42.79% are men and 57.21% are women. In terms of mandibular third molar position, 60.34% of the teeth are vertical. In terms of mandibular third molar eruption level, 61.39% of the teeth are at level A. When we look at pathologies based on teeth, there is 16.81% caries.
Conclusions: While third molars may remain without any symptoms for a long period of life, they may cause caries, cysts and bone loss in adjacent teeth. Tooth extraction may be recom-mended prophylactically to prevent third molar teeth from causing greater pathology in later ages.
OPTIMALISASI SISTEM ANGKUTAN SAMPAH DI KELURAHAN PULAU SETOKOK DENGAN PEMANFAATAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS (SIG)
Authors: Rassarandi Farouki Dinda
Published: December 2023

The increasing population in Pulau Setokok Village has led to an increase in the waste generation which is not supported by the availability of representative TPS. In addition, the weak waste management system also makes this issue a major problem in the area. One of the important aspects in waste management on Setokok Island is the waste transportation system. The purpose of this study was to determine the location of alternative TPS in Pulau Setokok Village based on SNI No.19-3241-1994, analyze the suitability of the existing TPS in Pulau Setokok Village based on the SNI and optimize the waste transportation system from the existing TPS in Pulau Setokok Village to the nearest TPA with apply Network Analysis GIS. The determination of the recommended location for the TPA in the Pulau Setokok Village in this study was technically determined from the highest score of the feasible zone at the allowance stage, where it was found that the highest score in the allowance stage was 282, covering an area of ​​2.1 Ha, which is relatively in the middle of Setokok Island which is crossed by the Trans Barelang road. The location of the existing TPS on Pulau Setokok is not in the recommended TPA location based on SNI No.19-3241-1994. The length of time for transporting waste using a Dump Truck is 108.6 minutes which is faster than an Arm Roll Truck (173 minutes) for round-trip waste transportation from TPA Punggur – TPA Recommendation of Pulau Setokok – TPA Punggur on the shortest route of 2 times 36.2 km. the use of Arm Roll Truck fuel is more efficient, which is Rp 93,637.33 for 1 trip compared to the Dump Truck (Rp 117,046.67), but the Arm Roll Truck transports less waste than the Dump Truck because of its smaller capacity, which is 7.2 m3 compared to the Dump Trucks of 12 m3.
Vital rhythms of spiritual being in the foundations of canonical psychology
Authors: Buherko Jaroslava
Published: December 2023

This article undertakes a methodological reflection of the concept of spirituality, which is ontophenomenally structured as a revealed aspect of human existence in the existential act of life. It emphasizes the interplay between noumenal and phenomenal forms in shaping the content of spirituality and their connection to the transcendental and existential dimensions of materiality. Spiritual phenomena are analyzed as concrete expressions of the existential substantiality of real human life, which prompt individuals (both intuitively and rationally) to feel the contradictions and doubts inherent in their existence, to place their own value accents, to make existential decisions, to perceive everyday life as a personal responsibility. Spirituality is considered a constantly renewed process of interaction between man and the world, occurring within the immediate unity of the transcendental (metaphysical and unknowable) and the immanent (natural and known). The core of an individual’s spiritual life, capable of integrating and focusing the potential for self-creation and serving as a source of self-motivation, is their inherent spiritual potential. This potential represents a person’s innate capacity for self-development and self-determination within the realm of motivational and value relationships, and it is an act-event of transcendence. The updating of this resource is a source of manifestation of a person’s spiritual testimonies. Its deployment, on the one hand, takes a person beyond the limits of the individual, and elevates it to transpersonal experiences, on the other hand, through self-reflection, directs it to the different world of its own inner world. From the perspective of the cyclical-action approach, the text delineates the attributive traits-qualities, groups of internal conditions, and dominant forms of self-organization within an individual’s psycho-spiritual potential. It is posited that the identified components of an individual’s spiritual potential (mental-experiential, cognitive-semantic, need-motivational, conative-volitional, spiritual-reflexive) constitute the substantial reality of the human spiritual world. Using cognitive-semantic components as an example, specifically spontaneity, intuitiveness, reflexivity, and creative activity, the text reveals a cycle for the unfolding of an individual’s spiritual potential. This cycle alternately visualizes the pre-situational, situational, motivational, active, and post-active aspects of supramaterial action.
Advanced Models of Personal Protective Equipment for Ground Forces Against Chemical and Biological Weapons Effects
Authors: Brusenin A. A. , Penyaz V. N. , Golyshev M. A.
Published: December 2023

Modern personal protective equipment for military personnel against the damaging factors of chemical and biological weapons (CBW) does not always allow to achieve an acceptable combination of body armor, protective helmet, respiratory and skin protective equipment from vapors and aerosols of toxic substances (TS) and biological agents (BA) in one set of equipment. The purpose of the work is to propose a promising form of personal protective equipment for Ground Forces servicemen against the damaging factors of chemical and biological weapons. The main characteristic feature of the existing gas masks is the invariable level of protection against the damaging factors of CBW. However, they do not provide protection for the head of servicemen from bullets and shrapnel. Based on the fact that danger levels for military personnel in case of a CBW attack differ and depend on the type of agent and on the time elapsed after the attack, the authors propose to combine a gas mask and a helmet in one product and to install disk filtering and sorbing elements (PSE) in the temporal region of the protective helmet with an air-duct, connected with an elastic half mask. The first universal PSE (sorbing-filtering) has the characteristics of a gas mask (shortness of breath) for protection from poisonous substances and biological agents in conditions of uncertainty of their use. It is transferred to the firing position simultaneously with the lowering of the visor. The second PSE possesses the parameters of a respirator (sorbing-filtering for easier breathing) for protection against TS. The second PSE should be used after the establishment of the fact of chemical, biological or radioactive contamination within an hour after the use of weapons of mass destruction. Thus, the main part of the soldier's head will be protected against bullets and shrapnel, as well as against TS and BA. To protect the lower part of the soldier's face (the chin, jaws and neck), it is proposed to use a circular elastic strip with a nasolabial device (screen) in the form of a half mask.
The Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2 Virus: the Ability to Cause Disease in Persons with Immunity against COVID-19
Authors: Sizikova T. E. , Chuhralya O. V. , Lebedev V. N. , Borisevich S. V.
Published: December 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic the experts noted the emergence and periodic change of the dominant variants of the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that caused the disease. The line B.1.1529, the omicron variant according to the WHO classification, became dominant in the fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the work is to analyze the properties of B.1.1529 (omicron) viruses that ensure its ability to cause disease in vaccinated or previously recovered from COVID-19. The fifth wave is characterized by the parallel distribution of the delta and omicron variants, with the domination of the latter. The omicron variant arose as a result of multiple passages of SARS-CoV-2 through the organisms of immunocompromised patients. If the delta variant is the most virulent for humans, the omicron variant is certainly the most infectious - the value of the basic reproductive number (R0) for it is ≈ 10.0, for the delta variant ≈ 6, 0. A person infected with the omicron variant is capable of transmitting the SARS-CoV-2 virus within a day. This is caused by a combination of N501Y and Q498R mutations in the omicron variant, which increase the affinity of the receptor-binding domain of the S1 subunit of the viral S protein for the ACE-2 receptor in the human lung. Mutations H655Y and N679K are located near the furin cleavage site, which in turn promotes accelerated cleavage of the S-protein and increases the level of infectiousness of the pathogen. The omicron variant is significantly superior to the delta variant in terms of ability to overcome the immunity caused by vaccination. The spread of the disease was not stopped by the fact that the number of people who completed the full course of vaccination at the beginning of the fifth wave in Russia reached 64%.Therefore, the achieved level of vaccination cannot be considered sufficient to stop the spread of this variant of the virus. It is shown in the article, that this indicator should be at least 80% to prevent the spread of the disease, and only if vaccination is carried out in a short time. However, it is possible that the mutational potential of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has not yet been exhausted, and the pandemic on the omicron variant will not end.
Biological Laboratories in the Caucasus Region as Sources of Threats to Russia's National Security
Authors: Filonov V. V. , Shcherenko V. V. , Popov Y. E. , Tereshchatov V. E.
Published: December 2023

Currently, dozens of biological laboratories controlled by the US Department of Defense are deployed along the perimeter of the Russian Federation. They are operating in a closed regime and completely excluded from the jurisdiction of the states on whose territory they are located. The purpose of this work is to summarize the available information on the activities of these biolabs, controlled by the US Department of Defense in the Caucasus region. The deployment of these biolabs under the US control in the Caucasus region is due to its favorable geographical position – in the north it borders the Russian Federation, and in the south – Iran. In addition, people of various ethnic groups (about 50) live compactly in the Caucasus region in various climatic conditions and in diverse areas. These circumstances make it possible to develop bioagents of various ethnic orientations. All these biolabs are «dual-use» facilities that are part of the US-controlled biosecurity system. They allow the US Department of Defense to solve the following tasks: to create and test a new generation of biological weapons; to collect information on endemic biopathogens, ways of distribution and means of combating them in the Russian Federation; to control the biological situation on the territory of the Russian Federation; to carry out military biological research without fear of protests from the American public; to create dangerous pathogens and genetic weapons; to conduct tests of biological agents on humans, tracking their virulence, delivery routes, probable mortality of the population and livestock; to circumvent international agreements and conventions on the control of bioweapons; to carry out biosabotage aimed at destroying the personnel of the Armed Forces and the population of Russia, causing damage to the economy of our country by destroying livestock, infecting grain crops and discrediting Russian agricultural products on world markets. These US-controlled biolabs deployed along the perimeter of the Russian Federation threaten the national security of Russia and the countries in which they are located. Serious diplomatic efforts are needed to curtail their activities in the Caucasus region.
Description of The Eosinophil Lymphocite Ratio (ELR) With Pulmonary Tuberculosis at Several Health Center in Jambi City
Authors: Mulyani Aura Alya , Karwiti Witi , Agraini Agraini , S Norma Rotua , Rezekiyah Sholeha , Muslina Muslina
Published: December 2023

Background: Pulmonary Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. To reduce the number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases, treatment is carried out using OAT or what is commonly called anti-tuberculosis drugs. The length of treatment can affect the hematological system, including eosinophil cells and lymphocyte cells. An increase or decrease in the ratio of these two cells can describe the healing process of Pulmonary Tuberculosis disease.

Method: This study was conducted to determine the description of the eosinophil lymphocyte ratio (ELR) in pulmonary tuberculosis patients based on the duration of treatment. The research method was descriptive with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted in February-June 2023 with a total sample of 40 respondents with Pulmonary Tuberculosis in several Puskesmas in Jambi City. The research was conducted in the hematology laboratory of the Technology Laboratory Medicine, Poltekkes Kemenkes Jambi.

Result: From the research conducted, it was found that the average ELR in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis undergoing treatment for <2 months was 0.08; the average ELR at the treatment stage >2 months was 0.12;

Conclusion: the conclusion of the ELR independent T test based on the length of treatment with a sig value of 0.230 (p>0, 05).
Fiber Intake, Physical Activity, and Blood Sugar Levels in Type 2 DM Patients at Puskesmas I Denpasar Timur
Authors: Mahasanti Ni Putu Pande Prawidhi , Kusumayanti G.A Dewi , Juniarsana I Wayan , Suiraoka I Putu
Published: December 2023

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas is unable to produce insulin or when the body cannot use properly produced insulin. Normal blood sugar levels are below 200 mg/dl. The purpose of this study is to find out the correlation of fiber intake and physical activity with blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Public Health Center (Puskesmas) of Denpasar Timur I.

Method: This type of study is observational using cross sectional design. This study was conducted in December 2022. The number of samples in this study was 50 people. Fiber intake data are collected using the SQ-FFQ form, physical activity data are collected using the GPAQ (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire), blood sugar levels by blood strip using a glucometer.   

Result: The data was processed with statistical analysis of Spearman Rank correlations. The results showed that 58% had sufficient fiber intake, 16% had high-category physical activity, and 42% had blood sugar levels <200 mg/dl. The results showed there was a relationship between fiber intake and blood sugar levels (p<0.05) and also a significant relationship of physical activity with blood sugar levels (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The final result is there was a relationship between fiber intake and blood sugar levels and also a significant relationship of physical activity with blood sugar levels.
Evaluation of Rationality of Drug Use Based on National Rational Drug Use Indicators at Paal Lima Public Health Center Period January – March 2023
Authors: Haflin Haflin , Agusriani Agusriani , Ningsih Rahma Yulia
Published: December 2023

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than half of all drugs in the world are prescribed, dispensed and sold in an inappropriate manner and half of patients use drugs inappropriately, thus enabling irrational drug use. If the drug is used irrationally, it can have a negative impact. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rationality of drug use at the Paal Lima Public Health Center for the period January - March 2023 based on the National Rational Drug Use (POR) indicator.

Method: This study used an observational method with retrospective data collection, namely prescription data for non-pneumonic acute respiratory infections (ARI), non-specific diarrhea, and myalgia during the period January - March 2023. The data were analyzed descriptively by calculating the use of antibiotics, injections, and the average drug items which were then displayed in percentage form. There were 509 prescriptions for non-pneumonic acute respiratory infections (ARI) cases, 74 prescriptions for non-specific diarrhea cases, and 120 prescriptions for myalgia cases.

Result: The results of the study showed that for the period January - March 2023 it was found that the use of antibiotics in cases of non-pneumonic acute respiratory infections (ARI) was 19.65%, the use of antibiotics in cases of non-specific diarrhea was 35.14%, the use of injections in cases of myalgia was 0%, and the average number of drug items per prescriptions of 3.68 items.

Conclusion: Overall, the rationality of drug use at the Paal Lima Public Health Center has not met the requirements, so it needs to be improved.
The Relationship Between Age and Parity to Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy in Postpartum Mothers
Authors: Yulianti Hasri , Mirong Ignasensia Dua , Kristin Diyan Maria
Published: December 2023

Background: Breast milk (ASI) is the main intake for the growth and development of infants. One of the factors that influence the success of breastfeeding from psychological factors is breastfeeding self-efficacy. Breastfeeding self-efficacy is the ability and confidence of a mother to breastfeed her baby. To achieve breastfeeding success, postpartum mothers need to know the factors that influence breastfeeding. The coverage of babies receiving exclusive breastfeeding in 2020 is 66.06%. Two provinces have not reached the 2020 Strategic Plan target, namely Maluku and West Papua. For the East Nusa Tenggara region, the coverage of babies who received exclusive breastfeeding was 74.5%.

Objective: to determine the relationship between age and parity in breastfeeding self-efficacy in postpartum mothers.

Methods: quantitative research type with an analytic survey using the cross-sectional approach with purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 88. Data analysis using statistical methods Pearson correlation.

Results: obtained p-Value 0.028 < α (0.05), then there is a significant relationship between mother's age and breastfeeding self-efficacy, and for parity test results obtained a p-value of 0.039 < α (0.05), then there is a significant relationship between parity and breastfeeding self-efficacy.

Conclusion: There is a relationship between age and parity in the self-efficacy of breastfeeding mothers in postpartum mothers. One of the factors that determine success in breastfeeding is the condition of the mother which can be seen through her self-confidence, so that postpartum mothers can exclusively breastfeed their babies for 6 months.
The Relationship Between Addiction to Playing Online Games With Learning Achievement of School Age-Children in Elementary School Jambi City in 2023
Authors: Ningsih Sari Puspita , Handayani Gusti Lestari , Dewi Vivianti , Halimah Halimah
Published: December 2023

Background: Online gaming has become a hobby for children, from elementary students to adults. Online game addiction will affect student learning achievement. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the habit of playing online games and the learning achievement of school-age children at Elementary School number 206 Jambi.

Methods: This research used a sectional approach using a total sampling technique. The population in this study were all students in grades IV and V of Elementary School number 206 Jambi, which consisted of 70 students. The research was collected using an Internet Addiction Test (IAT) questionnaire, declared valid and reliable from previous studies.

Results: The results showed a p-value of 0.002 with a correlation value of -1. This means that there is a negative relationship between online game addiction and learning achievement is a negative relationship, in which an increase in the online game addiction variable will lead to a decrease in the learning achievement variable.

Conclusion: Recommendations for parents and teachers to work together in supervising children playing games, especially online gamesOnline gaming has become a hobby for children, from elementary students to adults.
Development of Educational Game Media to Prevent Adolescent Anemia
Authors: Widiastuti Anita , Sumiyati Sumiyati , Rusmini Rusmini
Published: December 2023

Background: The incidence of adolescent anemia in Indonesia is still often found. Nutritional problems in adolescents are caused by adolescents starting to adopt the wrong diet due to wrong information. Providing nutrition education can optimize the delivery of messages to adolescents to prevent nutritional problems.  The recommended method of providing education for adolescents is participatory activities. In order to attract and increase adolescents attention in learning activities, it is necessary to develop game-based educational media, such as the snakes and ladders educational game media. This research was conducted to create an educational game snakes and ladders to prevent adolescent anemia as a media for adolescent nutrition education.

Method: The type of research used in this research is development research or Research and Development (R&D). The model used is ADDIE which includes analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation stages. The data collection process used primary data by conducting interviews and administering questionnaires.

Result: The results of material validation and media validation were declared good and suitable for use.

Conclusion: The conclusion of this research is that the educational game media snakes and ladders to prevent anemia in adolescents has gone through all the media development processes so that it is suitable to be used as an educational media to prevent anemia in adolescents.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGUKUR INTENSITAS CURAH HUJAN OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN ENERGI SOLAR PANEL BERBASIS IOT
Authors: Mohammad Taufiqur Rahman
Published: December 2023

Curah hujan adalah curah air yang terkumpul pada tempat yang datar, tidak meresap dan tidak mengalir. Sedangkan intensitas hujan merupakan curah hujan dalam satuan waktu tertentu yang biasanya dinyatakan dalam mm/jam. BMKG sudah mencatat Indonesia memiliki curah hujan yang tinggi dengan rata-rata 2000 sampai dengan 3000mm di setiap tahunnya. Karena sering adanya banjir di waktu musim hujan alat ukur curah hujan ini bisa membantu masyarakat desa randumerak untuk mengetahui ketinggian curah hujan. Dalam sebuah penelitian ini dengan judul Rancang Bangun Alat pengukur Intensitas Curah Hujan Otomatis Menggunakan Energi Solar Panel”. Alat pengukur intensitas otomatis yang menggunakan tipe tipping bucket bekerja seperti jungkat jungkit yang saling bergantian untuk menampung air hujan. Dimana di setiap jungkitan dihitung berapa tinggi hujan maksimum yang dapat menampung air hujan. Untuk mengetahui hasil intensitas hujan yaitu tinggi hujan dibagi lamanya hujan sehingga nanti akan ketemu berapa hasil intensitas hujan dengan satuan mm/jam.Keunggulan dari alat ini sudah menggunakan solar panel untuk menyuplai ESP 32 agar bisa berjalan tanpa harus menggunakan energi PLN karena solar panel sudah termasuk energi baru dan terbarukan, dan sebelumnya masih menggunakan energi PLN yang mana masih mempersulit pengguna dalam mengukur curah hujan. Dengan menggunakan IOT sebagai interface untuk pengukur curah hujan otomatis dapat memudahkan pengamat dalam mengukur intensitas curah hujan.
ENDOTHELITIS AND SARS-COV-2 INFECTION
Authors: Bolla Giorgio
Published: December 2023

The direct damage to the alveolar-capillary membrane by the Coronavirus determines a thromboembolic tendency.
Monitoring through the blood dosage of D-Dimer and the pharmacoprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin
appear to be correct clinical attitudes in reducing morbidity and mortality.
MANDIBULAR PREMOLAR – AN ENDODONTIST'S ENIGMA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Gupta Pulkit , Nirwal Mriganka , Metgud Sandeep
Published: December 2023

Each tooth in the permanent dentition presents with extensive variation in number of roots and root canals. Inability to
locate all the canals leads to incomplete debridement and obturation of the root canal space eventually leading to
endodontic failure. Mandibular premolars have been reputed to have an aberrant anatomy and are thus termed as an Endodontist's enigma.
Anatomically, they are described as teeth with single root and single root canal but there are increased chances of additional roots and root canals
being present. The occurrence of three canals with three separate foramina in mandibular second premolars is very rare. The present case report
describes root canal treatment of three canals with separate foramina. Dental loupes were used for magnication to locate the canal orices. After
biomechanical preparation and obturation, post endodontic restoration was done using composite resin. The present report emphasizes on the
importance of nding additional canals present to avoid endodontic failure.
JUVENILE MYASTHENIA GRAVIS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Dhar Abhijeet , D Shira Caroline
Published: December 2023

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease in which
antibodies are directed against the postsynaptic membrane of the
neuromuscular junction that leads to muscle weakness and fatigability
[1]. Juvenile myasthenia gravis (JMG) is a condition of childhood and
has many clinical features that are distinct from adult MG. Prepubertal
children in particular have a higher prevalence of isolated ocular
symptoms, lower frequency of acetylcholine receptor antibodies, and a
higher probability of achieving remission
DYSLIPIDEMIA AS A RISK FACTOR IN ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Kunal Kunal , vatsal Himanshu , Gupta Smita , Kumar Ravi
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Ischemic stroke is a signicant issue for global public health and one of the leading causes of morbidity
and mortality. It is brought on by a reduction in blood ow to a portion of the brain as a result of a clot or blood vessel
obstruction. Smoking, cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension are some of the prevalent modiable risk factors for stroke. Increased
cholesterol levels inuence changes in the permeability of the vascular endothelium. Atherosclerosis is facilitated by hyperlipidemia, which also
raises the chance of stroke occurrence. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and trends of dyslipidemia among
people who had acute ischemic strokes. Study design: Descriptive cross se Materials and Methods: ctional Study, Study Area: Department of
Medicine, Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences at Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh. Study Period: February 2021 to July 2022 (18
months). Study subject: Adult patients with acute ischemic stroke, Sample size: 100. Clinical features, risk factors, lipid proles and stroke
patterns were analysed through Excel 2019 and SPSS 16. The average age of the study participants was Results: 60.98 ± 14.7 years, and the
median age was 62 years. 71% of the study participants were men and 29% were women. One of the most prevalent risk factors in the study
sample was dyslipidemia, which was present in 40% of cases. This study c Conclusions: oncludes hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes are
the three main risk factors for stroke, with hypertension being the most common in the study group. As a modiable risk factor, dyslipidemia
should be the main focus of national efforts to avoid strokes. The study contends that enhancing the physical function of stroke survivors requires
addressing hyperlipidemia through interventions like medication or exercise regimens.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISTURBANCES IN SCHOOL GOING HIV POSITIVE CHILDREN ATTENDING HIV CLINIC
Authors: Patwardhan Ajay , Kumar Brajendra
Published: December 2023

To study the emotional and behavioral disturbances (EBD) in school going HIV positive children attending HIV center in
a tertiary care hospital. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 258 HIV infected children between 6 and 16 years of
age, 200 were on Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and 58 were not on ART. They were evaluated for EBD by using Pictorial Pediatric Symptom
Checklist (PPSC) screening tool. A cut-off score of 28 was taken as signicant for detecting early EBD.The prevalence of EBD in our study is
11.2%. Demographic and disease related prole were assessed for correlation with EBD. Type of family (p = 0.023), school attendance (p =
0.034), school performance (p = 0.045), and CD4 count (p = 0.015) were detected to have signicant association with early manifestation of EBD
in the study group.: HIV positive children who have low CD4 count, poor school attendance, and performance are at a higher risk of being detected
with EBD. Screening with PPSC to identify EBD in HIV positive children attending HIV clinic in a hospital setting could help in early diagnosis
and management.
BAYLEY SCALES OF INFANT AND TODDLER DEVELOPMENT - A STATE OF THE ART
Authors: Cunha Maria Nascimento , Romeira Sandra , Cardoso Moreira Gonçalo
Published: December 2023

The rst years of a child's life are fundamental to child development. The physical growth and development of the
accelerated psychomotor skills characteristic of early childhood, as well as the motor experiences of the child, are decisive
in the progressive elaboration of the structures that will give rise to the higher forms of reasoning. In these cases the evaluation is done by parents
or "signicant person", educators and health professionals. In older children and young people the assessment is often based on self-evaluation.
Subjective evaluation, using scales, has proved to be an asset in the evaluation of individual health. The Bayley Child Development Scale, also
known as the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, is a widely used assessment tool for measuring children's development. In order
to understand this phenomenon, a search was carried out in several electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO and Web of Science) and in
clinical trial databases, in addition to manual research to add information relevant to the subject.