bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis Analysis to Improve Coupling Strength of Automatic Coupler
Authors: Mario Jean , Syaifudin Achmad , Pramono Agus Sigit , Windharto Agus , Farid Abdul
Published: March 2023

In the design of critical components for railways, especially couplers, it is necessary to pay attention to the strength of the coupling between the couplers with each other. Coupling failure can have fatal consequences in the form of the train series being detached when operating. This study aims to improve the coupling strengthening of coupler prototype that meet international standard. The study begins with the calculation of longitudinal train force on light trains to obtain a coupler force followed by kinematics analysis on the initial coupler design to be improved using dimensional synthesis in the form of path generation and motion generation. Failsafe device design is done as an effort to strengthen the coupling. At the final stage, design verification is carried out in the form of structural strength analysis to compare the initial design with the new design. From the simulation results, it is found that the new design with a parallelogram configuration with 25° slope angle has a stronger coupling than the previous design. In addition, the addition of a failsafe device also plays a role in increasing the coupling strength of the coupler.
Numerical Study Impact of Coal Optimization on the Erosion Rate of the Low Temperature Superheater (LTSH) Pipeline PLTU West Java 2 Palabuhan Ratu 3x350 MW
Authors: Sastrowibowo Agam , Widodo Wawan Aries , Mubarok Fahmi
Published: March 2023

The emergence of power plants with the latest more sophisticated technology systems is a challenge for power companies in Indonesia. In this case, coal management must be carried out because fuel costs are currently the largest component in the Cost of Production, which reaches 70 percent. To achieve the target of the need for efficiency, the West Java 2 Palabuhan Ratu PLTU carried out a coal optimization initiative, namely replacing coal from 4400 kcal/kg to 4000 kcal/kg. Coal as the main fuel for the boiler has a dominant influence on the combustion characteristics and heat absorption in the boiler. The results of data analysis show a trend of erosion rate based on the distribution curve between overhaul periods. The predictions made resulted in the rate of depletion of the Boiler elbow tube. From the existing thickness data, the trend of the highest erosion rate occurs in the elbow of Low Temperature Superheater (LTSH) pipe area. This study aims to see the characteristics of the pipe erosion rate in the Elbow LTSH area with Coal Optimization. This study uses a numerical simulation method on CFD ANSYS FLUENT 19.1 software to determine the distribution of temperature, velocity, and ash particle data in the LTSH boiler area. The simulation output data analyzed is the erosion rate in the LTSH area. This erosion rate data will be further simulated to obtain the erosion rate in the elbow of LTSH A10 and E10 pipe areas. The results of the Coal Optimization simulation have a significant effect on changes in the value of the rate of depletion that occur in the Elbow A-10 pipe faster by 0.00133 mm/month. The depletion that occurs in the Elbow E-10 pipe is faster by 0.00122 mm/month.
Pool-Based Tow System for Testing Tethered Hydrokinetic Devices Being Developed to Harvest Energy From Ocean Currents
Authors: Vadlamannati Ashwin , Herbert Dillon , Naik Kartik , Bryant Sam , Mook Mariah , Leonard Zak , Abney Andrew , Beknalkar Sumedh , Bryant Matthew , Vermillion Chris , Granlund Kenneth , Mazzoleni Andre
Published: March 2023

Abstract The immense potential for ocean current energy harvesting is being actively explored as the push for renewable energy becomes more urgent. This paper demonstrates a tow testing platform built to examine and validate mathematical models related to the performance
of tethered, underwater, hydrokinetic devices in development to harvest energy from ocean currents, and presents experimental results illustrating how such a system can be used. The platform has been modularly designed to allow for the testing of various tethered, underwater energy-generation
systems, including kite-based systems, coaxial turbines, and duct sails. Previous research on tethered energy-generating systems has primarily been focused on airborne systems. Additionally, the limited experimental research on tethered, underwater energy-generation systems has relied on a
rigid rod for mechanical and electrical connections between the test articles and instrumentation. The tow testing platform presented in this paper accomplishes the mechanical and electrical connection through a dual-function tether, featuring internal conductors and an external sheath to
support towing loads. The goal of this platform was to enable the emulation of ocean currents, which are largely unidirectional, and to retrofit a regular pool into a cost-effective, adaptable, small-scale tow tank test bed. The capabilities of the system include two-way communication with
tethered devices, multiple towing profiles in order to emulate different flow regimes, real-time control, and differential velocities via dual winch operation.
Hybridized Vertical-Axis Underwater Current Power Turbine System Suitable for Low Underwater Current Velocities: A Report of Its Application and Potential in Imo River, Nigeria
Authors: Agbakwuru Jasper Ahamefula , Arome Sani Nicolas
Published: March 2023

Abstract A novel vertical axis underwater current power dual turbine that extracts power from flowing water bodies of low velocities (0.5 m/s or less) is presented. It has now a further innovation of a dual turbine and hybrid system that provides a solar panel roof over the
underwater current power turbine (UCPT) platform to enable the system to extract power from both solar and underwater current. The hull of the UCPT was built using Glass-Fiber Reinforced (GFR) instead of steel material. The use of GFR reduced the hull's weight by 50% compared to the steel
made. The installation of the UCPT in Imo River in Nigeria demonstrated that the UCPT has 99% efficiency in converting the water flow hydraulic power to mechanical power. The model was scaled to a product of 5.7 kW underwater power generating platform that provides addition integrate-able
solar power of 25kW capacity. It is further demonstrated that satellite model development of the UCPT can be made to generate 150 kW and more depending on the number of the installed UCPT.
Research on the Control Algorithm of Full Sea Heavy Load Proportional Seven-Function Hydraulic Manipulator Based on Load Sensing
Authors: Peng Xiaoqing , Chen Jiawang , Zhou Qixiao , Jin Zhangyong , Ren Xueyu , Dai Wendi , Huang Congchi
Published: March 2023

Abstract An underwater manipulator is one of the most commonly used tools in offshore operations. In the face of the unknown environment of the deep sea and the uncertainty of the operation target, the underwater manipulator needs good control stability and higher control
efficiency to prevent accidents, which puts forward higher requirements for the control of the manipulator. Underwater manipulators often need to work under heavy loads and to perform tasks efficiently under light loads, which is crucial for efficient control under load. In this paper, a control
algorithm based on proportion and derivative feedback control for an all sea depth load proportional hydraulic manipulator is proposed. The feasibility and progressiveness of this algorithm are verified by building kinematic and dynamic models, building physical platforms for tests, and building
sea trial acceptance.
The Effect of Air Chamber Geometrical Design for Enhancing the Output Power of Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter
Authors: Elmallah Mamdouh , Elgohary Mohamed Morsy , Shouman Mohamed Reda
Published: March 2023

Abstract This paper represents the effects of geometry and design of an oscillating water column energy converter air chamber on the airflow response. The primary goal of this research is to use different shapes of air chambers, such as rectangular, cylindrical, and conical
air chambers with varying cross sections, to optimize the air velocity entering the turbine, to obtain the maximum power available in a progressive wave with a constant period and wavelength. Modeling and numericalsimulation are performed by using the commercial software ANSYS. Since this
paper is concerned with the effect of air flow velocity, a vent is located at the chamber's outlet rather than a turbine. In order to obtain the exit air velocity results, the wave system air characteristics results are applied as an input air flowfor three air chamber cases. The results show
that the air velocity flow increasedsignificantly from 7.14 m/s in the rectangular air chamber to 10.4 m/s in cylindrical air chamber and reached a maximum of 14.2 m/s in the conical airchamber.
Efficient Terrain-Aided Navigation System with Submap-Size Calculation and Embedded System
Authors: Zhang Wenjun , Lv Luting , Gong Yusen , Li Ye , Ma Teng
Published: March 2023

Abstract Underwater terrain-aided navigation (TAN) holds high potential for long-term underwater accurate navigation of autonomous underwater vehicles. TAN can locate a vehicle by calculating the similarity between an a priori map and a vehicle's real-time observation consisting
of a set of bathymetric measurement points. However, the amount of measurement points in the real-time observation affects both positioning accuracy and computational consumption of the TAN system, making it challenging to calculate a suitable size of real-time observation in TAN. With a smooth
seabed terrain, a small observation area leads to insufficient topographic features and finally an inaccurate matching result, while a large area with a mount of features results in high computational cost. This paper proposes a method to restrain the size of observation in TAN systems based
on terrain entropy and difference of normals. Meanwhile, this paper implements the TAN algorithm into an embedded system architecture used by actual underwater vehicles that are already in service to reduce the power consumption of the TAN system. The effectiveness of the algorithm has been
demonstrated through playback experiments based on a semi-physical simulation platform using a PC/104-embedded computer.
Extubation of Patients Receiving Vasopressor Infusions: Results of a Survey on Statewide Practices
Authors: Costa Deena Kelly , Ratliff Hannah C. , Kelly Meghan , Prescott Hallie C. , Munroe Elizabeth , Hyzy Robert C. , Watson Sam , Nowak Corine , Iwashyna Theodore J.
Published: March 2023

Current guidelines recommend extubation only if a patient is not receiving vasopressor therapy or is receiving minimal doses of vasopressors. However, recent data indicate that extubation of patients receiving higher vasopressor doses may be safe. This study was undertaken to examine practices regarding extubation of patients receiving vasopressor therapy reported by clinician respondents to a survey by the Michigan Health and Hospital Association Keystone Center. One-third of respondents indicated that they would extubate a patient receiving vasopressors, and one-quarter indicated that it depended on the agent used, but more than half reported that their unit did not have a vasopressor use protocol or they did not know whether it did. Practices regarding extubation of patients receiving vasopressor therapy differed significantly by unit type and by role as a direct care provider. These data indicate that patient and clinician factors may drive practice patterns. Additional research to inform guidelines and local protocols is warranted.
PHENOTYPIC AND MOLECULAR DETECTION OF BIOFILM FORMATION IN METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT CLINICAL SOURCE IN ERBIL CITY
Authors: Ahmad Pishtiwan
Published: March 2023

Abstract.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is an important causative pathogen. The production of biofilms is an important factor and makes these bacteria resistant to antimicrobial therapy.

Objectives: the current study aimed to assess the prevalence of resistance to antibacterial agents and to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of biofilm formation among S. aureus strains.

Methods: In this study, 50 isolates of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin-Susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) were included. S. aureus was identified by molecular and conventional methods. Antimicrobial resistance was tested with a disc diffusion method. The biofilm formation was performed through Microtiter plate method. Strains were subjected to PCR to determine the presence of nuc, mecA, icaA, icaB, icaC, and icaD gene.

Results: Of the total 50 S. aureus isolates, 32(64%) and 18(36%) were MRSA and MSSA respectively. A large number of MRSA and MSSA isolates showed resistance to Penicillin and Azithromycin and a lower number of MRSA and MSSA isolates showed resistance to Amikacin Gentamicin and none of the isolates was resistant to Vancomycin. The MRSA strains had significantly higher resistance against antibiotics than MSSA strains (P = 0.0154). All isolates (MRSA and MSSA) were able to produce biofilm with levels ranging from strong (31.25 %), (16.6%) to moderate (53.12%), (50%) to weak (15.6 %), (33.3% %) respectively. The MRSA strains had significantly higher ability of biofilm formation than MSSA strains (P = 0.0079). The biofilm encoding genes were detected among isolates with different frequencies. The majority of S. aureus isolates 42 (84%), were found to be positive for the icaA. The prevalence rates of the icaB, icaC, and icaD genes were found to be 37 (74%), 40 (80%) and 41 (82%) respectively.

Conclusions: The prevalence of biofilm encoding genes, which are associated with multidrug resistance in S. aureus strains, is high. Therefore, identification of epidemiology, molecular characteristics, and biofilm management of S. aureus infection would be helpful.
Hematological abnormalities beyond lymphocytosis during infectious mononucleosis: Epstein-Barr virus-induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Gonzalez Quintela Arturo , Paez-Guillan Emilio , Campos-Franco Joaquin , Alende Rosario
Published: March 2023

Background and aim: Thrombocytopenia in the course of Epstein-Barr virus mononucleosis is well-known; however, no recent series have investigated its frequency, associated factors, and evolution. The present study aimed to investigate platelet count characteristics in adult patients with infectious mononucleosis.

Methods: We reviewed the clinical records of 400 patients admitted to the hospital with infectious mononucleosis (52.0% male; median age, 19 years [range, 15-87 years]), with a focus on blood platelet counts, thrombocytopenia prevalence, and outcomes.

Results: Thrombocytopenia (platelet count ≤150 x109/L) was present in 119 (29.7%) patients. Thirty-two (8.0%) patients showed platelet counts lower than 100 x109/L. Thrombocytopenia was severe (platelets <50 x109/L) in 6 (1.5%) patients. Thrombocytopenia was associated with lower frequency of typical mononucleosis symptoms such as sore throat and lymphadenopathy, lower frequency of positive heterophil antibodies, higher serum bilirubin concentration and prothrombin time, lower blood leukocyte and lymphocyte count, lower concentration of serum immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A concentrations, and larger spleen size. Thrombocytopenia normalized quickly during follow-up. Only 2 cases required specific therapy. Platelet counts significantly increased during follow-up even in cases without baseline thrombocytopenia. There were no significant hemorrhagic complications.

Conclusions: Transient thrombocytopenia is common during infectious mononucleosis in adult patients. Patients with thrombocytopenia have distinct clinical and biologic features. Thrombocytopenia during infectious mononucleosis is typically mild. Cases of severe thrombocytopenia are rare and were not associated with hemorrhagic complications in this series.
The contribution of infaq funds to socio-economic resilience during COVID-19 pandemic: An Islamic economics insight from Indonesia
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Yudiawan Agus
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to analyse the contribution of infaq funds to the social and economic resilience of the community during the COVID-19 pandemic in West Papua, Indonesia. This study uses a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative studies. Qualitative data were collected through focus group discussions with administrators, Dai [Islamic preacher] and mosque congregations to obtain information about the form and mechanism for disbursing infaq funds. Furthermore, the state of distribution of infaq funds is confirmed to the recipient community with an online survey as quantitative data. The data obtained were tabulated and analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics using multiple linear regression assisted by SPSS software 25 version. The research findings show that: firstly, the form of the social-economic contribution of infaq funds is carried out by: (1) financial assistance, (2) social assistance, and (3) health assistance. Secondly, infaq, an instrument of Islamic economics, can contribute to tackling the social and economic impacts of the community amid the COVID-19 outbreak. Thirdly, of the three forms of assistance provided, the health assistance aspect contributed 38.320%, the financial assistance aspect amounted to 37.173% and 24.339% to social assistance. This study shows that the community most needed health and financial assistance from infaq funds during the COVID-19 pandemic.Contribution: This study complements the existing literature and provides a new scientific treasure. That the infaq fund, as a philanthropy, turned out to be able to contribute to realising the social-economic resilience of the community during a disease outbreak. The form of health, financial and social assistance from infaq funds is a priority in accelerating the community’s economic recovery. It can be a countermeasure to socio-economic impacts during disasters and disease outbreaks.
The labourers in the vineyard, theory of value and agriculture
Authors: Rathbone Mark
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this article was to investigate the potential that the labour and subjective theory of value in the agricultural context may have for the interpretation of Matthew 20:1–16. This investigation highlighted the divergence in wages between workers, the exuberant remuneration strategy of the landowner, his generosity, the indignation of the labourers hired first and the landowner’s reluctance to reimburse them. I argued that the classic labour theory of value provides an explanation of why the indignant labourers were angry and felt unjustly treated. However, it fails to account for the divergence in remuneration more appropriately addressed by subjective theory of value that focuses on the use value of goods and marginal utility. Finally, the agrarian theory provides perspective on the unwillingness of the landowner to reimburse the indignant labourers and the mystery of meaningful labour in agriculture that serves as a metaphor for the kingdom of heaven.Contribution: In the article, labour and subjective theory of value were introduced from an agrarian perspective to enlighten the hermeneutics of the parable.
Investigation into the International Financial Reporting Standards 9 model flaws exposed during the pandemic
Authors: Stander Yolanda S.
Published: March 2023

Orientation: Market events during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic exposed flaws in the econometric models used to derive International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 9 impairments. Models were unable to capture the level of government intervention or predict the economic recovery process because of the unprecedented nature of the pandemic.Research purpose: This study examines the causes of the challenges experienced with the IFRS 9 models during the pandemic and approaches to minimise this risk in the future.Motivation for the study: Structural correlation breaks forced banks to replace the IFRS 9 models with expert overlays or rapidly rebuild the models to reduce impairment volatility and manage the impact on earnings. Expert judgement may lead to biased outcomes.Research approach/design and method: Behavioural finance theory suggests that emotion and cognitive biases often lead to irrational investment decisions with disastrous consequences to the market. The link between market sentiment and economic outcomes is tested with natural language processing. Archimedean copulas are used to compare the dependence structures of market variables between different stress periods.Main findings: Market sentiment is closely related to the trends observed in major macroeconomic indicators. The nature of the dependence structures differs between stress periods.Practical/managerial implications: Sentiment may be a valuable exogenous variable to incorporate into economic forecast models. Learnings from one stress period are not necessarily applicable to another.Contribution/value-add: Government intervention and market sentiment had a significant impact on the economic outcomes and correlation breaks observed during the pandemic. Developing bespoke models for the different phases of the economic cycle may not necessarily lead to improved outcomes.
Corrigendum: A holistic homiletical approach to preaching based on ancient and modern texts
Authors: Kim Victor S. , Nel Malan , Van Eck Ernest
Published: March 2023

No abstract available.
Approach to post COVID-19 persistent cough: A narrative review
Authors: Rai Deependra K. , Sharma Priya , Karmakar Saurabh , Thakur Somesh , Ameet H , Yadav Rajesh , Gupta Vatsal B.
Published: March 2023

A large proportion of patients who completely recovered from acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection later continued to experience symptoms even after recovery, irrespective of the severity of the disease. Various terms with varying duration were used for those who had persistent symptoms, of which cough was the most common. We systematically searched the published literature concerning post-COVID-19 cough, its prevalence, and the potential ways to reduce it in clinical practice. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of existing literature concerning post-COVID-19 cough. Literature shows that augmented cough reflex sensitivity is responsible for persistent cough after acute viral upper respiratory infection (URI). Overall, the heightened cough reflex associated with SARSCoV2 induces neurotropism, neuroinflammation, and neuroimmunomodulation via the vagal sensory nerves. Therapies for post-COVID-19 cough aim at the suppression of cough reflex. For a patient who does not respond to early symptomatic treatment, Inhaled corticosteroids can be given a trial to suppress airway inflammation. More trials of novel cough therapies in patients with post-COVID-19 cough using various outcome measures need to be studied in future research. Several agents are currently available for symptomatic relief. However, non-response or refractory cough continues to preclude adequate symptom relief.
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770–1831)
Authors: Houlgate Stephen
Published: March 2023

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel is one of the most influential thinkers of the nineteenth century. His thought had a profound impact on later philosophers, social theorists and theologians, and Ernst Gombrich called him the ‘father of the history of art’ (Gombrich 1977: 7). Among those indebted to his work are Kierkegaard, Marx, Gadamer, Adorno, McDowell and Brandom. Hegel’s philosophy, however, has not always been well understood. He is rightly seen as the advocate of ‘dialectic’ – the process in which one-sided categories and phenomena turn into their opposites – and as a thinker who emphasizes the historicity of human life. Yet what is sometimes missed is the fact that his philosophy is one of freedom. In his system Hegel examines an extraordinary range of topics, including logic, nature, language, the state, history, art, religion and the history of philosophy, and all are conceived by him as – more or less explicit – expressions of freedom and reason. He finds freedom in the self-movement of animals and in human imagination, and he argues that it becomes explicit in the rights guaranteed by the rational state. Like Kant, Hegel also regards aesthetic experience as a distinctive form of freedom, and unlike Nietzsche, he sees freedom (rather than resentment) in religion, at least in its more developed forms (see Kant, I. §12; Nietzsche, F. §§7–9). Hegel’s philosophy was criticized by Karl Popper for preparing the way for modern ‘totalitarianism’ (Popper 1966 II: 31), but it is in fact concerned with freedom throughout its course.
Art, abstract
Authors: Brown John H.
Published: March 2023

Article Summary

Given the detailed coverage of the varieties of abstract art in the 1998 article (hereafter ‘Abstract1998’), what further points and observations are now needed? Here are four. (1) Yet deeper knowledge of illegitimate bias and misunderstanding of disfavoured art forms worldwide, both in the past and now, that affect both the foundational concept of non-abstract verisimilitude and its polar opposite, abstract art. (2) Broader survey of factors driving the creation of forms of abstraction and their appreciation. Why are some now so well appreciated after such long dismissal? (3) Diagnosis of forms of connection between abstract and non-abstract art that justify regarding them as belonging to the omnivorous category of art. (4) Reflections on deep limits of our understanding of artistic conceptions reaching beyond all current ideas.

Each part of this revision can consider only a sampling of a stupendously diverse situation which continues to evolve at a rapid pace.
Baumgarten, Alexander Gottlieb (1714–62)
Authors: Townsend Dabney
Published: March 2023

Article Summary

Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten is known primarily for his introduction of the word ‘aesthetics’ to describe the affects of art and nature which in the course of the seventeenth century replaced the classical theory of beauty. Baumgarten derived the term from the Greek aisthanomai, which he equated with the Latin sentio (Aesthetica, para.1, p. 79). He understood it to designate the outer, external, or bodily sense as opposed to the inner sense of consciousness. Thus aesthetics is the realm of the sensate, of sense perception and sensible objects. Baumgarten understood his usage to be consistent with classical sources, but he was aware also that he is was extending logic and science into a new realm. Baumgarten is an important figure in adapting the rationalism of Leibniz and especially Christian Wolff to the study of art and what comes to be thought of after Immanuel Kant as aesthetics.
Goodman, Nelson (1906–98)
Authors: Elgin Catherine Z.
Published: March 2023

Nelson Goodman (1906–98) was a twentieth century American philosopher who made important contributions to metaphysics, aesthetics, epistemology, and the philosophy of science. His works display a concern with the ways the symbols that we construct structure both the facts that we find and our understanding of those facts. Different symbol systems yield irreconcilable structures, so there is no single way things really are. There are, he concludes, many worlds if any. He contends, moreover, that worlds are made rather than found, for the categories we construct fix the criteria of identity for the individuals and kinds we recognise. They thus determine what objects and kinds constitute a world.

Goodman argues that the arts as well as the sciences make and reveal worlds. Aesthetics, as he construes it, is a branch of epistemology. He analyses a variety of modes of symbolisation, literal and metaphorical, and shows how they contribute in the arts as elsewhere to the advancement of understanding.

Goodman’s new riddle of induction reveals that the problem of induction is deeper than philosophers had recognised. He defines the predicate ‘grue’ as ‘examined before future time t and found to be green or not so examined and blue’. Since all emeralds examined to date have been both green and grue, what justifies our expecting future emeralds to be green rather than grue? Inductive validity, the new riddle shows, depends not only on the constitution of an evidence class, but also on how that evidence is described. The question then is what favours one description over its rivals. The fact that ‘green’ has been used far more often than ‘grue’ in induction, Goodman contends, provides the answer – not because it increases our odds of being right, but because of its pragmatic advantages.
Freud and psychoanalytic aesthetics
Authors: Clack Brian R.
Published: March 2023

The contributions to aesthetics made by Sigmund Freud (1856–1939), and by other practitioners of psychoanalysis, focus principally on the origin and the function of the work of art. Art’s origin, Freud contends, lies in daydreaming and in the activity of a child at play; as an expression of daydreaming and fantasizing, an artist’s work is the product of someone essentially unsatisfied, even neurotic, and can be analysed according to the methods of psychoanalytic dream interpretation. With regard to art’s function, Freud highlights again the disappointments of human life, with art providing a kind of substitutive satisfaction and having the quality of a palliative. Freud speculates also that the sense of beauty has its roots in sexual stimulation and principally in the libidinal excitation produced by looking at a sexual object; the appreciation of artistic beauty is a sublimation of this earlier sexual excitation. Critics argue that Freud overemphasizes the wish-fulfilling and escapist elements of art, and that he pays insufficient attention to genuine aesthetic questions, preferring instead the exercise of psychography and appealing to art mainly for its perceived usefulness in illustrating and confirming psychoanalytic theory.
Art as philosophy
Authors: Wiseman Mary
Published: March 2023

Why did the response to the exhibition Johannes Vermeer at the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC in 1995 surpass all expectations? Why do paintings of the Annunciation evoke so strong a response in women, regardless of their religious beliefs? Art can function as philosophy when it tries to answer such questions, and when it explains what wants explanation, exemplifies a philosophical position, analyses a concept, or makes a philosophical point. In order to enable art to do or to help philosophy do what it typically does, viewers should look at a work of art with a mind open to whatever the work might say or do and put themselves into it with senses alert to its textures, sounds, and what else they might see from within it. Richard Wollheim said that when he first saw a work, he stood before it for two hours looking at it, trying to understand what the artist was trying to do. This should not be paramount, however, because a work can do more or other than what its artist intended. Viewers want to know what they can see there so long as what they come up with, their interpretation, is faithful to the marks on its surface – the announcing angel in an Annunciation is an angel, not a bird – and they can make a case for it such that others can see it as they do.
Aesthetic issues in jazz
Authors: Kania Andrew
Published: March 2023

Article Summary

Jazz emerged in the twentieth century as one of the great African-American contributions to world culture. Within philosophical theorising about music, jazz has often functioned – sometimes explicitly, sometimes implicitly – as an ‘exotic’ alternative to Western classical music, which has functioned as the de facto paradigm of musical activity in the field. The result has been a focus on one central aspect of jazz practice for much of its history that was largely moribund in the classical tradition throughout the twentieth century, namely improvisation in instrumental jazz performances. Philosophers have addressed the nature of improvisation and its implications for the ontology and values of jazz – its musical values as well as its ethical and political implications. It is this work that I provide an overview of here. (For some philosophical reflections on jazz song, see Brown 2013; Carvalho 2013; Levinson 2013a and 2013b; and Bicknell 2015, pp. 41–70.)
Surrealism
Authors: Carroll Noël
Published: March 2023

This entry contains two parts. The first and larger section is devoted to an account of Surrealism as an artistic/philosophical movement that emerged in the early twentieth century under the leadership of André Breton. This movement recommended surrealistic experience as a way of apprehending the world in the most fully realized human way. The second, smaller part of the entry, examines the term surreal as an aesthetic predicate, arguing that it applies to incongruous juxtapositions that are uncanny. It also notes the correspondence of this characterization of the predicate to the Surrealists’ characterization of surrealistic experiences.
Tanzimat Romanındaki Batılılaşma Krizine Dair Bir İnceleme
Authors: BUDAKOĞLU Tekin
Published: March 2023

Tanzimat yıllarıyla beraber sosyal hayatı içine alan Batılılaşma olgusu, devlet ve aydınlardan halka doğru uzanan dikey yönlü bir hamledir. Tanzimat yılları, Batılılaşma projesinin çalkantılı evresidir. Bu dönemde Batılılaşmanın derecesi ve hangi alanları kapsayacağı konuları tartışılsa da bu hamlenin artık ertelenemeyeceği düşüncesi etrafında fikir birliği söz konusudur. Batılılaşmayı halka anlatmak noktasında kendini sorumlu gören Tanzimat ilk evre yazarları da bu temayı sıklıkla kullanmıştır. Özellikle topluma yabancılaşmış, mirasyedi tipler üzerinden geliştirilen yanlış Batılılaşma vurgusu, âdeta bir laytmotif hâlini alır. Bu çalışma, söz konusu tarihsel evreyi Batı’nın geçirdiği sosyolojik dönüşümler bağlamında değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda öncelikle Batılılaşmanın yansımaları irdelenerek bu kavramın gerek kamuoyu nezdinde gerek yazarlar tarafından bir paradigma olarak algılanmasına engel olan geleneksel yapı ve bu yapıyı oluşturan unsurlar ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra dönem romanlarındaki köksüz, mirasyedi tiplerin Batılılaşmayla olan ilişkileri odağa alınarak bu tiplerin seçimindeki gerekçeler, Tanzimat yazarının iki medeniyet arasındaki konumu, yanlış Batılılaşma kavramının doğru bir önerme olup olmadığı tartışılmıştır.
A Data Security Model for Mobile Ad Hoc Network Using Linear Function Mayfly Advanced Encryption Standard
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria., Olaniyan Olatayo Moses , Olusesi Ayobami Taiwo , Omodunbi Bolaji Abigail , Wahab Wajeed Bolanle , Adetunji Olusogo Julius , Olukoya Bamidele Musiliu
Published: March 2023

Mobile Ad Hoc network (MANET) is a connection of mobile nodes that are joined together to communicate and share information using a wireless link.Some of the MANET in use include mobile smart phones, laptops, personal digital assistant (PDAs), among others.However, MANET has been known for the major challenge of being vulnerable to malicious attacks within the network. One of the techniques which have been used by several research works is the cryptographic approach using advanced encryption technique (AES). AES has been found suitable in the MANET domain because it does not take much space in mobile nodes which are known for their limited space resources. But one of the challenges facing AES which has not been given much attention is the optimal generation of its secret keys. So, therefore, this research work presents a symmetric cryptography technique by developing a model for the optimal generation of secret keys in AES using the linear function mayfly AES (LFM-AES) algorithm. The developed model was simulated in MATLAB 2020 programming environment. LFM-AES was compared with mayfly-AES, particle swarm optimization AES (PSO-AES) using encryption time, computational time, encryption throughput, and mean square error. The simulation results showed that LFM-AES has lower encryption, computational, mean square error, and higher encryption throughput. Keywords-- MANET, Data Security, Key Management, LFM-AES, Mayfly-AES, PSO-AES, AES
Neural Network Image Segmentation for Sign Language Interpretation
Authors:   University of Prishtina, Kosovo, Shala Vegim , Bytyçi Eliot
Published: March 2023

The use of neural networks to recognize and classify objects in images is a popular field in computer science. It is highly likely that an object in an image chosen for classification will have a representation matrix with significantly less pixels than the background or other elements of the image. As a result, the initial plan would be to divide or segment that object from the other portions of the image that are not essential for categorization. This also serves as the study's objective, for which we employ segmentation to separate the components essential to the classification procedure and assess any room for improvement in the final classification outcome. Mask Region Convolutional Neural Network was the model used for segmentation, and Convolutional Neural Network was the model used for classification. The study's findings demonstrate a notable improvement in the classification in the case of sign language. Further advancement of image segmentation models implies better more accurate results for classification models once they are combined. Keywords— Neural network, Image segmentation, Sign language, Classification, Mask Regional Convolutional Neural Network.
Introducción
Authors: Cid Moliné José
Published: March 2023

El día 22 de noviembre de 2022 el profesor Anthony Bottoms fue investido como Doctor Honoris Causa, por la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona.
Using Passing Trains as Seismic Sources for Refraction Microtremor Site Characterisation Surveys: Rugeley, Staffordshire, UK
Authors: Eissa Raad , Cassidy Nigel , Gunn David , Stimpson Ian , Dashwood Ben , Morgan Dave , Pringle Jamie , Lee Jonathan
Published: March 2023

Microtremor seismic surveys are routinely used to provide shear wave velocities that are converted to soil stiffness site profiles. In this paper, we look to assess the feasibility of using trains as seismic sources to characterize near-surface geology, define the optimum survey parameters to collect train-induced vibrations (i.e., array location and orientation to the railway) and find how the geology affects train-induced vibration characteristics. Three-component train-induced shear wave vibrations were recorded on short (44 m) and long (115 m) linear seismic arrays, both parallel and orthogonal to the nearby railway embankment, using standard seismic refraction recording equipment. The collected data were divided into short/long array size/orientation and seismic components for each survey configuration. 1D shear wave velocity-depth profiles were also generated for all data sets. Results showed thst long linear arrays with vertical components, parallel to the railway embankment, was optimal with the greater depth ranges. The vertical component amplitude of train-induced vibrations was found to be affected by the site geology, increasing with the thickening of Quaternary deposits and having different magnitudes for trains traveling in different directions. Results showed that different apparent shear-wave velocities were obtained from different train groups and different seismic components. The passenger trains (i.e. Virgin Trains Pendolino and British Midland 319 series) generate Rayleigh waves at higher frequencies than the freight trains.
The Use of Remote Sensing Technology in Geological Investigation and Mineral Detection in Ban Vang area, Kham District, Xieng Khoang Province, Laos
Authors: Tuan Le , Minh Pham , Kien Kien , Duong Duong
Published: March 2023

Ban Vang area, Kham District, Xieng Khouang province, Laos is interested by many geologists. Remote sensing analytical results have identified some prospective mineral areas. One of them is the Ban Vang area. On that basis, Indochina Mining Joint Venture Company (IMC) cooperated with the Northwest Geological Division (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam) to conduct mineral exploration in the Ban Vang area. The research results suggest that the Ban Vang area, Kham District, Xieng Khouang province, Laos has 2 iron ore bodies, 3 copper ore bodies, and potential ore outcrops. The Fe content of the iron orebodies varied from 28.5% to 58.7%. The ore-bearing rocks and the adjoining rocks are gray skarns having a solid structure with the main mineral composition of pyroxene and garnet. The copper content of the copper orebodies ranged from 0.14% to 5.59%. Copper ore bodies’ bedding is inclined to the west with a dip angle from 55o to 85o and thickness from 0.7m to 20.59m. The ore-bearing rocks and adjoining rocks are gray metamorphic rocks (skarn) with massive structure, granule, panidiomorphic, and grain textures. The mineral composition is mainly garnet and pyroxene. This article introduces remote sensing applications of mineral search in the Ban Vang area. The mineral search was conducted by the Northwest Geological Division. In this project, the author is a supervisor of the IMC Company.
Orogenic Gold Deposit in Metamorphic Rocks: Minerals and Structural Control at Rarowatu Area, Southeastern Arm of Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Hasria Hasria , Sidik Muh , Awadh Salih , Masri Masri , Okto Ali , Azzaman Muhammad , Muliddin Muliddin , Hamimu La , Salihin La Ode , Sawaludin Sawaludin
Published: March 2023

This research aims to examine the relationship between hydrothermal alteration and mineralization (ore mineralogy) in the study area and geological structures in the deformation mechanism. The hydrothermal alteration was determined based on petrographic analysis, and ore mineralogy which was determined based on the ore microscopic analysis. The deformation mechanism is determined by paleo stress analysis using win-tensor, and the direction of principal stress on joints/veins and faults is calculated by the right-dihedron method. Hydrothermal alteration includes silicification, argillic, propylitic, and phyllic alterations; and ore mineralogy consists of stibnite, cinnabar, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, covellite, hematite, and arsenopyrite at metamorphic rocks. The geological structure developed in the study area consists of shear fractures and Wumbubangka right Normal-slip Fault, which is accompanied by Wumbubangka right-slip lag fault and Wumbubangka reverse-slip fault formed in a simple shear mechanism. Crenulation, micro-folds, and porphyroblastic are also recognized in thin sections. The Wumbubangka right normal-slip fault, considered a syn-mineralization structure, formed the transpressional and transtensional geologic structures, forming the quartz vein parallel to and crosscutting the foliation. The correlation between surface geological structures and microstructures indicates that tectonic regimes have controlled the alteration and gold mineralization in the study area.
Estimation of Petrophysical Properties for Zubair Reservoir in Abu-Amood Oil Field
Authors: Mahdi Zahraa , Farman Ghanim
Published: March 2023

The petrophysical analysis is significant to determine the parameters controlling the production wells and the reservoir quality. In this study, Using Interactive petrophysics software to analyze the petrophysical parameters of five wells penetrated the Zubair reservoir in the Abu-Amood field to evaluate a reservoir and search for hydrocarbon zones. The available logs data such as density, sonic, gamma ray, SP, neutron, and resistivity logs for wells AAm-1, AAm-2, AAm-3, AAm-4, and AAm-5 were used to determine the reservoir properties in Zubair reservoir. The density-neutron and neutron-sonic cross plots, which appear as lines with porosity scale ticks, are used to distinguish between the three main lithologies of sandstone, limestone, and dolomite. The corrected gamma ray log was used in all wells to determine the shale volume. Neutron-sonic log was used to calculate porosity at the reservoir unit while sonic log was employed to estimate the porosity at poor hole conditions and (non- reservoir units). Furthermore, the Indonesia model was used to calculate water saturation in Zubair reservoir and compared with the Archie model. Finally, Flow zone indicator method was used for permeability evaluation. The results show that the Zubair reservoir is primarily consists of sandstone, shale with compacted limestone, which was improved by the cuttings description report. The core porosity was validated in AMM-1, AMM-2, AMM-3and AMM-5 wells. Indonesia equation provides an optimum estimation in shaly sand zones since the Archie model takes the matrix conductive and the fluid conductivity into account. Four hydraulic flow units produced from reservoir quality index against normalized porosity index cross plot and obtained Four equations from porosity- permeability relationship of core data. The general interpretation presented that the most of hydrocarbons are located in depth (3332.8 m to 3415.8 m) which represents the best layer in Zubair reservoir, the properties of this layer in well AMM-1better than in well AMM-2. Finally, the layer from 3574.8 m to3638.3 m supposed to be water layer rather than hydrocarbon layer.
3D Geological Model for Zubair Reservoir in Abu-Amood Oil Field
Authors: Mahdi Zahraa , Farman Ghanim
Published: March 2023

The Zubair reservoir in the Abu-Amood field is considered a shaly sand reservoir in the south of Iraq. The geological model is created for identifying the facies, distributing the petrophysical properties and estimating the volume of hydrocarbon in place. When the data processing by Interactive Petrophysics (IP) software is completed and estimated the permeability reservoir by using the hydraulic unit method then, three main steps are applied to build the geological model, begins with creating a structural, facies and property models. five zones the reservoirs were divided (three reservoir units and two cap rocks) depending on the variation of petrophysical properties (porosity and permeability) that results from IP software interpretation. Five wells that penetrate the lower Cretaceous Formation (Zubair reservoir) are used to construct the geological model. ZUB-1 unit considered as the most important zone which have a good petrophysical parameters about 24% for porosity, 800 md permeability, 38% water saturation and 85% net to gross. The initial oil in place is estimated to be about 1.7898*109 STB. Finally, 3D geological model support in improving and estimates the hydrocarbon potentialities in oil field and enhances the production of the field.
Sedimentological Study of Exposed Successions of the Sargelu Formation, Middle Jurassic, Northeastern, Iraq
Authors: Al-Shammary Maha , Malak Zaid , Al-Jwary Mudher
Published: March 2023

The Middle Jurassic Sargelu Formation spreads out widely in North-Eastern Iraq, particularly within the High Folds Unstable Shelf Zone. The Sargelu Formation was studied in two exposed sections, Hanjira and Gorin, in the Northeastern part of Iraq. The Lower contact of the formation with the Sehkaniyan Formation and the Upper contact with the Naokelekan Formation in the two sections appears conformable. The thickness of the Formation in the Hanjira section is 40m. and in the Gorin section is 70 m. The sampling was done by taking samples from two sections and thin sections were made for all samples and were studied under a polarizing microscope. Three main microfacies donated as M, W, P, and eight submicrofacies were diagnosed which reflects the deposition of the formation within the FZ-1 zone known as the Deep Sea Basin and the FZ-2 known as the Deep Shelf.