bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of the IS-C psychometric tool for evaluating children's impulsivity
Authors: Özgün Öztürk Fatma , Can Gür Ganime
Published: May 2024

This research aims to develop an instrument for the evaluation of impulsivity traits in children and to examine the psychometric features of the developed scale. The process of developing the scale involved three main phases: namely, item generation, evaluation of content validity, and analysis of psychometric properties. The study sample comprised 319 children (68 females, 201 males) aged 5-18, all diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), including 50 who underwent pilot testing. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to assess the factor structure of the scale, resulting in an 18-item scale encompassing motor impulsivity, non-planning impulsivity, and attention-related impulsivity factors. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) indicated a satisfactory model-data fit. The overall scale demonstrated high reliability, with Cronbach's Alpha coefficients reaching 0.863. The analyses indicated that the scale is both valid and reliable.
Categorical variable modeling for estimating pulp biomass and recovered residues from Eucalyptus harvesting
Authors: Rodrigues Carla Krulikowski , Pelissari Allan Libanio , Lopes Eduardo da Silva
Published: May 2024

The definition of stem diameter limits between pulp production and residues recovered from harvesting for energy can influence the dry biomass content of forest products. In this context, the aim of this study was to build linear regression models employing categorical variables to accurately estimate the biomass of pulp and residues from Eucalyptus saligna and E. urophylla × E. grandis clonal stands. Forest inventory and dry biomass data from thirty trees distributed in diameter classes of each stand were used as a database. The measurements of pulp dry mass and residues were treated as dependent variables. Concurrently, variables such as diameter at 1.3 m above the ground, total height, and transformations and combinations of these variables were considered as independent variables. The stem diameter limits of 8, 10, 12, and 14 cm along the stems were considered as categorical variables. To predict pulp and energy biomasses based on stem diameter limits, the categorical variable assumes a value of 1 (indicating an estimate within a particular k-factor), while the other k-factors were set to 0 (zero). The fitted models allowed for the estimation of dry biomass within the forest stands, resulting in percentage errors of estimation per hectare ranging between 4.5% and 11.2%. Moreover, these models incorporating categorical variables facilitated the simplification of estimates for both pulp biomass and recovered residues within commercial Eucalyptus stands.
Effect of irrigation levels on the production of Arachis hypogeaea L.
Authors: Bonfim-Silva Tallys Henrique , Koetz Márcio , Bonfim-Silva Edna Maria , da Silva Tonny José Araújo , Meneghetti Luana Aparecida Menegaz , Duarte Thiago Franco , Guimarães Salomão Lima
Published: May 2024

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are a high-protein alternative for making up for nutritional deficiencies. Adequate irrigation management is essential for greater productivity of this crop, especially in Brazilian Cerrado. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the productive characteristics of peanuts subjected to different irrigation levels under controlled conditions. The research was conducted in the Savannah region at the Federal University of Rondonópolis, in Rondonópolis - Mato Grosso, Brazil. The soil used to grow the peanuts was Oxisol. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments (50%, 75%, 100%, 125%, and submerging at 150% of field capacity) and five replications. The analyzed variables included the number of pods, number of grains per pod, pod dry mass, and dry mass of grains. The number of pods and the number of grains per pot fitted the increasing linear model as a function of different levels of field capacity. On the other hand, the pod dry mass and dry mass of grains per pod showed a quadratic regression behavior. Different levels of field capacity had a significant impact on peanut productivity. The treatment with 100% of field capacity yielded the best results in terms of peanut productivity and grain quality.
Selection of some important tobacco genotypes against waterlogging in Indonesia
Authors: Al Habib Ismul Mauludin , Hasanah Hasni Umul , Sukamto Dwi Sucianingtyas
Published: May 2024

Stagnant water is an environmental challenge that can have a negative impact on tobacco growth and productivity. Study on waterlogging-tolerant tobacco is still limited. Flood-resistant tobacco genotypes are needed for future agriculture. The aim of this study is to select tobacco genotypes that are tolerant to waterlogging. This study used a factorial randomized block design. The control treatment was 100% waterlogging, with subsequent treatments escalating to 120%, 140%, and 160% (Filed capacity). Waterlogging was given for 75 hours. The observation indicator is the level of wilting of tobacco leaves. Based on the stress index values obtained from the thirty-three tested genotypes, there are three categories of ability to withstand waterlogging, namely, tolerant, moderate and sensitive. Based on the results of the study analysis, it can be interpreted that the Bojonegoro 1 genotype is the only genotype that is included in the category of tolerant to waterlogging. Genotype 1 Bojonegoro was able to survive up to 73 hours with stress sensitivity index score of 0.21.
Impact of transformational leadership on employees’ affective commitment and intention to support change: Mediation role of innovative behavior
Authors: Aya Hamza Khadija , Alshaabani Ayman , Rudnak Ildiko
Published: May 2024

Given the dynamic business world and influential trends shaping how companies function, resulting in resistance, anxiety, and confusion, thereby affecting employees’ performance and well-being, it is crucial to adopt an effective leadership approach. This study aims to explore how transformational leadership impacts employees’ affective commitment and their intentions to support change, considering the role that innovative behavior can play in this relationship. A quantitative approach was used based on an online survey of 401 employees working in marketing consulting, business consulting, transportation, and IT service companies in Hungary. These employees had to go through different organizational changes, such as transformation in structure and emergence of new technology innovation. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. The study unveiled that transformational leadership significantly and positively impacts employees’ affective commitment toward organizational change but does not have any significant relationship with their intention to support it. However, overall, transformational leadership is a catalyst for employees’ responses to change situations. In addition, the intermediary role of employees’ innovative behavior in the association between transformational leadership and employees’ responses to change was confirmed as transformational leadership positively affects employees’ innovative behavior, affective commitment, and intentions to support change. With innovative behavior, the significant positive relationship between leadership and employees’ reactions to change remained effective. Transformational leadership and active team member engagement in innovation can facilitate the acceptance of change initiatives, alleviate business complexity, and foster collective efforts for individual and organizational success.
Impact of institutional overlapping on water governance of Himalayan City, Nainital, India
Authors: Singh Nidhi , Pandey Anvita , Singh Vishal
Published: May 2024

This article investigates the current institutional arrangement concerning water governance in Nainital, India, located in the Western Himalayas. It assesses the availability of water resources, the functioning of the supply system, and sheds light on the role of institutions in managing water resources, supply, and distribution. Through qualitative methods (such as focus group discussions and key informant interviews with officials from water management institutions, citizens, etc.) supplemented by a literature review, the study reveals a complex network of institutions and stakeholders involved in water management. This complexity results in overlapping jurisdictions, leading to accountability gaps and various issues. The study identifies that in Nainital, existing institutions operate independently, impacting water governance in terms of water supply, resources, and environmental aspects. Considering the fragile biophysical environment of Nainital, the study also recommends integration of nature-centric approaches into institutional frameworks, which can be helpful in improving the resilience of water systems and promoting sustainable water governance.
Role of Quercetin in DNA Repair: Possible Target to Combat Drug Resistance in Diabetes
Authors: Hussain Yaseen , Abdullah  , Khan Fazlullah , Alam Waqas , Sardar Haseeba , Khan Muhammad Ajmal , Shen Xiaoyan , Khan Haroon
Published: May 2024

:

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is referred to as hyperglycemia in either fasting or postprandial
phases. Oxidative stress, which is defined by an excessive amount of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) production, increased exposure to external stress, and an excessive amount of the cellular
defense system against them, results in cellular damage. Increased DNA damage is one of the
main causes of genomic instability, and genetic changes are an underlying factor in the emergence
of cancer. Through covalent connections with DNA and proteins, quercetin has been demonstrated
to offer protection against the creation of oxidative DNA damage. It has been found that
quercetin shields DNA from possible oxidative stress-related harm by reducing the production of
ROS. Therefore, Quercetin helps to lessen DNA damage and improve the ability of DNA repair
mechanisms. This review mainly focuses on the role of quercetin in repairing DNA damage and
compensating for drug resistance in diabetic patients. Data on the target topic was obtained from
major scientific databases, including SpringerLink, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Medline
Plus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Elsevier. In preclinical studies, quercetin guards against DNA
deterioration by regulating the degree of lipid peroxidation and enhancing the antioxidant defense
system. By reactivating antioxidant enzymes, decreasing ROS levels, and decreasing the levels of
8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, Quercetin protects DNA from oxidative damage. In clinical studies, it
was found that quercetin supplementation was related to increased antioxidant capacity and decreased
risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the experimental group as compared to the placebo
group. It is concluded that quercetin has a significant role in DNA repair in order to overcome
drug resistance in diabetes.
Impact of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk on the Quality of
Life of People Living with HIV
Authors: Pereira Ítalo Inácio , Muto Adrielly Katrine Tozetto Morais , Dias Regyane Ferreira Guimarães , de Menezes Filho Hélio Ranes , Fernandes Eduardo Vignoto , Gouvêa-e-Silva Luiz Fernando , Cardoso Ludimila Paula Vaz
Published: May 2024

Background:

The time elapsed since HIV infection diagnosis (TdiagHIV) affects the
quality of life (QoL) and can get worse when chronic illnesses start.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular
risk (CVR) on the QoL of people living with HIV (PLHIV).

Methods:

Cross-sectional study, with 60 PLHIV followed at a Reference Center in the city of Jataí,
Goiás, Brazil. Data collection involved sociodemographic, clinical, CVR, MetS, and QoL information.
The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with the BioEstat
5.3 program adopting p0.05.

Results:

There was a predominance of men (61.7%), aged ≥38 years (53.3%), with a TdiagHIV of
97.88Añ85.65 months and use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) of 80.13Añ69.37 months. The
worst domain of QoL was concern about confidentiality (40 points), and the best was medication
concerns (95 points). MetS predominated at 18.3% and a moderate CVR at 11.7%. MetS was positively
associated with age 38 years, the female sex, with the lowest score in QoL for general function,
and the highest for TdiagHIV and the use of ART (p0.05). A moderate CRV was positively
related to higher TdiagHIV and ART use, and low HDL-c, and the lowest score for QoL was
found for trust in a professional (p0.05).

Conclusion:

PLHIV who are older, have a higher TdiagHIV, and use ART are more likely to develop
MetS and moderate CVR. The presence of these diseases in PLHIV causes impairment in areas
of QoL.
Graphene Oxide, a Prominent Nanocarrier to Reduce the Toxicity of
Alzheimer’s Proteins: A Revolution in Treatment
Authors: Singh Dilpreet , Kurmi Balak Das , Singh Amrinder
Published: May 2024

Graphene oxide, a derivative of graphene, has recently emerged as a promising nanomaterial
in the biomedical field due to its unique properties. Its potential as a nanocarrier in the
treatment of Alzheimer's disease represents a significant advancement. This abstract outlines a
study focused on utilizing graphene oxide to reduce the toxicity of Alzheimer's proteins, marking a
revolutionary approach in treatment strategies. The pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease,
primarily focusing on the accumulation and toxicity of amyloid-beta proteins, have been described
in this review. These proteins are known to form plaques in the brain, leading to neuronal damage
and the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The current therapeutic strategies and their limitations
are briefly reviewed, highlighting the need for innovative approaches. Graphene oxide, with its high
surface area, biocompatibility, and ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, is introduced as a novel
nanocarrier. The methodology involves functionalizing graphene oxide sheets with specific ligands
that target amyloid-beta proteins. This functionalization facilitates the binding and removal of these
toxic proteins from the brain, potentially alleviating the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Preliminary
findings indicate a significant reduction in amyloid-beta toxicity in neuronal cell cultures treated
with graphene oxide nanocarriers. The study also explores the biocompatibility and safety profile
of graphene oxide in biological systems, ensuring its suitability for clinical applications. It calls for
further research and filing patents for its translational potential and benefits of this nanotechnology
paying the way for a new era in neurodegenerative therapy.
Cefradine Schiff Bases and their Metal Salts as Potential Anti-infective Agents
Authors: Ali Mohsin , Abid Obaid-ur-Rahman , Rehman Wajid , Shahid Muhammad , Shumaila  , Khan Hifza
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

A series of schiff bases(3-8) were synthesized by the reaction of cefradine with six different aldehydes/ketones.

Methods:

These Schiff bases (3-8) were treated with different bases/salts (NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, Ag(NO)3) to get their metal salts. The structures of the products were as-certained by spectroscopic data. The synthesized compounds were tested for biological activities against Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive bacterium) and Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacterium).

Results:

In general, low activities in most of the synthesized compounds were observed.

Conclusion:

A general reduction in the activities of most of the synthesized compounds in com-parison to cefradine can be linked to the unavailability of the free amino group of cefradine by its involvement in the synthesis of imine derivatives.
Vacíos legales en la red corporativa peruana: prácticas negativas en las juntas directivas
Authors: Pazos Hayashida Javier , Cordova Espinoza Miguel Ignacio
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The networks generated among firms’ boards through their shared directors can cause conflicts of interests, generating potential negative business practices. Objective: This paper identifies the risks of negative managerial practices driven by theabsence of proper regulations to control the formation and behavior of interlocking directorates in Peru. Methodology: It discusses the interlocking directorates’ literature, and reviews current Peruvian regulation. Results: In addition to the identified risks, itemphasizes in the expectations of a proper behavior of directors as a decision of their own, due to the nature of their role. Conclusions: This interdisciplinary study between management and law evidences gaps in Peruvian regulation for the operation of interlocking directorates and suggests the development of future empirical research in Latin America towards the prevention of these negative corporate practices.
The association between vancomycin trough concentrations and nephrotoxicity in the paediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Ramos Silva Alice , Pimenta-de-Souza Paula , Pinheiro Neto Carlos Roberto , Andries Gigliotti Daniel , Costa Caetano Michele , Lima Soares Michelle , Sanches Cristina , Costa Lima Elisangela
Published: May 2024

Objective: To analyze and describe the pharmacokinetic aspects of vancomycin usage in a cohort of critically ill children and to construct a pharmacokinetic model for this population. Method: We conducted an observational study in a pediatric intensive care unit from September 2017 to March 2019. Children receiving vancomycin with at least one serum measurement were included. Variables with a p-value lower than 0.2 in univariate analysis, and biologically plausible for inducing nephrotoxicity and not correlated with other predictors, were incorporated into logistic regression. Additionally, pharmacokinetic modeling was performed using the PMETRICS® package for patients with creatinine clearance (CLCR) > 30 mL/min. Result: The study included 70 children, with an average vancomycin dose of 60 mg/kg/day. Only eleven children achieved vancomycin levels within the target range (15-20 mg/L). No significant differences in doses/mg/kg/day were observed among children above, within, or below the vancomycin target range. In the multivariate model, children above the recommended serum range had an odds ratio of 4.6 [95% CI 1.4 – 17.2] for nephrotoxicity. A pharmacokinetic model was proposed using data from 15 children, estimating PK parameters for CLCR and V as 0.94 L/h and 5.71 L, respectively. Conclusion: Nephrotoxicity was associated with vancomycin plasma concentrations equal to or exceeding 15 mg/L. The developed model enhanced understanding of the drug’s behavior within this population, potentially aiding clinical practice in dose calculations and estimation of the area under the curve – a recommended parameter for vancomycin monitoring.
Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Herpes Zoster Vaccination Among Chinese Adults: Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Xia Yiqi , Wang Ming , Hu Mingzheng , Wang Yanshang , Yuan Beibei , Zhu Dawei , He Ping
Published: May 2024

Background

The incidence of herpes zoster (HZ) is rapidly increasing, causing both clinical and economic burdens in China. Very little is known about Chinese residents’ HZ vaccine preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for each vaccination attribute.

Objective

This study aims to elicit the preferences of Chinese urban adults (aged 25 years or older) regarding HZ vaccination programs and to calculate WTP for each vaccination attribute.

Methods

In this study, we interviewed 2864 residents in 9 cities in China. A discrete choice experiment was conducted to investigate the residents’ preferences for HZ vaccination and to predict the uptake rate for different vaccine scenarios. A mixed logit model was used to estimate the preferences and WTP for each attribute. Seven attributes with different levels were included in the experiment, and we divided the coefficients of other attributes by the coefficient of price to measure WTP.

Results

Vaccine effectiveness, protection duration, risk of side effects, place of origin, and cost were proven to influence Chinese adults’ preferences for HZ vaccination. The effectiveness of the HZ vaccine was the attribute that had the most predominant impact on residents’ preferences, followed by protection duration. The residents were willing to pay CN ¥974 (US $145) to increase the vaccine effectiveness from 45% to 90%, and they would barely pay to exchange the vaccination schedule from 2 doses to 1 dose. It is suggested that the expected uptake could be promoted the most (by 20.84%) with an increase in the protection rate from 45% to 90%.

Conclusions

Chinese urban adults made trade-offs between vaccine effectiveness, protection duration, place of origin, side effects, and cost of HZ vaccination. Vaccine effectiveness was the most important characteristic. The residents have the highest WTP (CN ¥974; US $145) for enhancing the effectiveness of vaccines. To maximize HZ vaccine uptake, health authorities should promote vaccine effectiveness.
Trends and Shifts in Swedish Telemedicine Consultations during pre-COVID, COVID, and post-COVID seasons: A Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: ASOMUGHA Adaora Uloma , Pakai Annamaria
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Background
The telemedicine landscape has evolved profoundly in recent time, bridging the gap between healthcare providers and patients, particularly in the face of modern challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE

Objective
This study seeks to explore the Swedish telemedicine landscape in terms of primary patient symptoms for teleconsultation, the pattern of telemedicine use in the periods before COVID-19, during COVID-19, and post- COVID-19; including the primary care utilization dynamics with respect to the teleconsultations done.

METHODS

Methods
Secondary data was used in the observational retrospective study, and the study population consisted of Swedish residents, who had online meeting consultations. Telemedicine consultations were divided by text and video consultations; the period of analysis ranged from November 2018 to June 2023. The statistical methods used for the data analysis included descriptive analysis, two-way cross tabulations, and the generalized linear model.

RESULTS

Results
During the pandemic, the number of teleconsultations concerning general, unspecified symptoms increased in comparison to the rest of the analysed symptoms, signaling the change in care-seeking behaviour under epidemiological pressure. General health-related issues were the most pronounced symptom across all periods: 186.9/1000 consultations during (pre-COVID-19), 1264.6/1000 consultations (during COVID), and 319.2/1000 consultations (post-COVID-19). There was no significant main effect of COVID period on the number of telemedicine consultation meetings (F(2) = 1.653, p = .377). The interaction effect between meeting style and period was statistically significant (F(2) = 14.723, p =.000).

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions
The findings support the idea that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the use of telemedicine, increasing its role in general health consultations and acute conditions. This trend indicates a preference for personal engagements and an interactive mode of communication in patient care. Video consultations were more prominent because of the importance of bi-directional communication. The study suggests the transformation of patterns of demand for healthcare and the necessity for healthcare systems to respond to these changes.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
The Power of Collaboration in Facilitating Mobile Technology Adoption in Health Care (Preprint)
Authors: Fan Weijing , Liu Guobin
Published: May 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

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Loneliness and Problematic Media Use: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies (Preprint)
Authors: Fam Jia Yuin , Männikkö Niko
Published: May 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

While past research has established the association between loneliness and problematic media use, the direction of causality remains unclear. This meta-analysis investigates the longitudinal relationships between loneliness and problematic media use. Systematic searches in three online databases identified 26 longitudinal studies involving a total of 24,798 participants. Random-effects models revealed bidirectional relationships between loneliness and problematic media use. However, the effect sizes were weaker than anticipated when using beta coefficients as estimates of the longitudinal relationships. Subgroup analyses demonstrated stable results for beta coefficients across various study designs. This meta-analysis also highlights potential methodological limitations and provides recommendations for future research on longitudinal relationships.
A Socio-Historical Approach to Regional Organizational Relations?
Authors: Nedziwe Cecilia Lwiindi
Published: May 2024

The extant academic literature in the field of regional International Relations has paid little attention to non-state actors’ organizational relations in building region-ness. Yet, the region offers sets of organizational relations outside, alongside, and as part of the formal regional state structures to do with gender, which offer insights into non-state regional relations and thus help to fill the lacunae in the field and facilitate understanding of the regional dynamic of international relations. This article examines how organizational relations of non-state actors in gender security play out in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. It highlights the shortcomings of the inter-governmental approach to international relations pursued by various scholars. Drawing on interviews with representatives of NGOs, governments, the SADC, and annual reports, as well as the academic literature, it argues for a socio-historical approach to understanding regional organization and transnationalism, which considers African agency in building region-ness.
STABILITY BASED HPLC METHOD FOR CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE RELATED SUBSTANCES IN FINISHED DRUG PRODUCTS: DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION
Authors: JOTHULA HARIBABU , NAVULURI SRINIVASU , MULAKAYALA NAVEEN REDDY
Published: May 2024

Objective: The current study aimed to develop a simple, sensitive, and precise high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for estimating cyclophosphamide and its related substances, as well as to implement the developed method in a capsule product.
Methods: Method development was performed using various solvent and buffer-solvent ratios at different flow rates for better resolution and to decrease the run time. The developed method was validated in accordance with the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines. The developed method was implemented to estimate the amount of cyclophosphamide and its related substances.
Results: Chromatographical conditions were optimised, and the best chromatographical conditions with adequate resolution for cyclophosphamide and its related substances were achieved using the enable X-Bridge C18 column, using a mobile phase combination of phosphate buffer pH 7.0, water, methanol, and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. The detection was monitored at a wavelength of 200 nm. The developed method was validated for system suitability, specificity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity, precision, accuracy and robustness. The results indicate that the method was sensitive and could detect and quantify lower levels of cyclophosphamide and its related substances. The linearity range was from LOQ to 150 %, and a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.9987 to 0.9999 indicates that at this concentration range, substances were highly linear. This was further supported by satisfactory forced degradation studies.
Conclusion: The developed analytical method is simple, precise, and reproducible and thus can be used for the stability-indicating analysis of cyclophosphamide and its related substances in pharmaceutical formulations.
COMPARISON BETWEEN EFFECT OF TWO DIFFERENT DOSES OF INTRAVENOUS DEXMEDETOMIDINE IN ATTENUATING HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE TO LARYNGOSCOPY AND ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION IN ELECTIVE GENERAL SURGERIES UNDER GENERAL ANAESTHESIA
Authors: KABARA JYOTI , MEENA SHRIPHAL , JAIN PRIYANKA , GAGRANI VAIBHAV
Published: May 2024

Objective: The process of intubation is a noxious stimuli leading to a period of hemodynamic stress and is accompanied with intense sympathetic activity marked by tachycardia, hypertension and arrythmias.
Methods: It was a randomised, prospective, double-blind study. After approval from the ethics committee 60 patients (ASA class 1 and II) were selected randomly, thirty in each group. Group A (n=30) received 0.5 µg/kg of inj. Dexmedetomidine and Group B received 0.75µg/kg of inj. Dexmedetomidine in 20 ml of normal saline as an infusion over 10 min. The patient was induced with inj Fentanyl 1µg/kg, inj. Propofol and inj. Succinylcholine administered and intubated. The primary outcome variables were heart rate and blood pressure at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 min after intubation. The secondary outcome variables were the effect on the induction dose of propofol and any adverse effect associated with dexmedetomidine. The statistical package used was spss version 22.
Results: The hemodynamic responses were attenuated in both groups after laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation, with statistical significant difference between both groups and better obtundation of hemodynamic response in terms of heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure at all points of time with dexmedetomidine 0.75µg/kg. Sedation scores were more with dexmedetomidine 0.75µg/kg. No significant side effects were there in both groups.
Conclusion: Inj. dexmedetomidine 0.75µg/kg is more effective in attenuating the response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation.
SEROPREVALENCE AND CLINICAL FEATURES OF SCRUB TYPHUS AMONG FEBRILE PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: PANDYA AHUTI , MEENA PREETI , JAREDA KULDEEP
Published: May 2024

Objective: Rickettsial infections is the most neglected and underdiagnosed tropical diseases in developing countries. The most common rickettsial disease, which is caused by the obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria Orientia tsutsugamushi, is Scrub Typhus. Scrub typhus can prove to an important diagnosis in pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) patients and is transmitted by a species of trombiculid mites (“chiggers”). Aim of this study is to find seroprevalence and clinical features of scrub typhus among febrile patients from a tertiary care hospital in North India. Methods: This study was undertaken for a period of 1 y. All the patients attending the outpatient department or admitted indoors suspected of PUO were included in the study. Serum samples of suspected cases were tested for IgM Scrub typhus. Results: During the study period, a total of 755 cases were tested for scrub typhus, out of which 223 were positive so, the seroprevlance of Scrub typhus is 29.5%. Out of 223 positive patients, 105 (47%) were males and 118 (53%) were females. Maximum no. of patients was from age group 21 to 40 y of age and maximum number of cases is in autumn season. Most common clinical feature is fever, followed by myalgia, headache, ocular pain, dyspnoea, cough and eschar, respectively. Conclusion: Scrub typhus is an emerging tropical rickettsial disease in the Indian subcontinent. The present study highlights the importance of screening of PUO cases for Scrub typhus as timely institution of simple empirical treatment can prove to be lifesaving in such cases.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF MATERIOVIGILANCE AMONG MEDICAL POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: BHANDARI ADITI
Published: May 2024

Objective: Medical devices have become an indispensable part of the healthcare system in recent times. A major shift towards increasing demand and supply of devices has led to an increase in the number of adverse effects being reported from across the world. “Materiovigilance” (MV) is the coordinated system of identification, collection, reporting, and analysis of any untoward occurrences associated with the use of medical devices and protection of a patient's health by preventing its recurrences. Post-Graduate medical students play a key role in reporting and management of any adverse events associated with medical devices in patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding Materiovigilance among the residents. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among the Post graduate students of a tertiary care government institute of Southern Rajasthan. A pre-validated questionnaire comprising of 18 questions pertaining to knowledge, attitude, and practice of Materiovigilance was used. Results: Out of 110 participants ongoing programme 73.6% knew about an ongoing programme on Materiovigilance, 29.6% have been trained about MV while 70% consider reporting its ADR necessary, while 6.6% have reported ADRs caused by devices in their department. Conclusion: A large section of PG students was aware of the term “Materiovigilance,” but they need to be provided with more knowledge about the concept and its reporting. The attitude is positive but regular practice of reporting needs to be developed. Educational interventional programmes are required to promote Materiovigilance and ADR reporting due to medical devices in day-to-day practice.
Map of Assemblage: Fluid Identity in Donald Barthelme’s Postmodern “Snow White”
Authors: Zhang Shan
Published: May 2024

Postmodernist writer Donald Barthelme in his work “Snow White” reimagines the archetypal characters from the Brothers Grimm fairy tales as disenchanted anti-heroic figures. His multiple rewrites of identities such as the princess, the dwarfs, and the prince not only reflect the de-authoritative characteristic of postmodern literature, but also mirror the map of assemblage consisting of molar lines, molecular lines, and lines of flight proposed by contemporary French postmodernist philosophers Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, through which Barthelme not only achieves the fluid identity on the subversive lines of flight but also subtly suggests hope and pathways within the micropolitical terrain of the postmodern society.
Consideraciones en torno a las "operaciones para el mantenimiento de la paz"
Authors: Gómez-Robledo Verduzco Alonso
Published: May 2024

Número 103Enero - Abril 2002Nueva Serie Año XXXVISSN 0041 8633 CONSIDERACIONES EN TORNO A LAS "OPERACIONES PARA EL MANTENIMIENTO DE LA PAZ" Alonso GÓMEZ-ROBLEDO VERDUZCO * El consentimiento previo de las partes en un conflicto, la absoluta imparcialidad, y el no-uso de la fuerza, salvo en el caso de legítima defensa, deben permanecer como los constitutivos y pieza angular de las "operaciones para mantenimiento de la paz". Sin embargo, es necesario reconocer que la práctica internacional demuestra que en el contexto contemporáneo de las "operaciones de paz" que tienen que ver con conflictos intraestatales y/o transnacionales, el consentimiento puede ser ampliamente manipulado en formas muy diversas por las mismas partes insertas en el conflicto. Así, una parte puede otorgar su consentimiento a la presencia de un cuerpo de Naciones Unidas, pero sólamente con objeto de ganar tiempo para reestructurar sus propias "fuerzas combatientes" y retirar el consentimiento en el momento en que las "operaciones para el mantenimiento de la paz" se conviertan en obstáculo para la prosecución de sus intereses. Palabras clave: Naciones Unidas, sistema de seguridad, Consejo de Seguridad, operaciones de paz. *Investigador titular del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
El control judicial de la actividad administrativa, financiera y tributaria. Una nota codificadora
Authors: Lago Montero José María
Published: May 2024

Número 103Enero - Abril 2002Nueva Serie Año XXXVISSN 0041 8633 EL CONTROL JUDICIAL DE LA ACTIVIDAD ADMINISTRATIVA, FINANCIERA Y TRIBUTARIA. UNA NOTA CODIFICADORA José María LAGO MONTERO * El presente trabajo resume el proceso de sometimiento de la actividad financiera a la regulación jurídica. Contiene además un análisis de las principales corrientes doctrinarias surgidas en torno a la relación jurídico-tributaria que permite inferir la necesidad de construir las relaciones entre el ciudadano contribuyente y la administración fi-nanciera y tributaria como relaciones jurídico-administrativas, en régimen de derecho público. Asimismo, el artículo demuestra la lógica inserción del derecho financiero y tributario en el derecho administrativo, y justifica la jurisdic-ción contencioso-administrativa española como cauce común para el control judicial de la actividad administrativa, financiera y tributaria. Por último, se argumenta a favor del acceso ágil al juez de lo contencioso-administrativo, como requisito indispensable para un adecuado equilibrio entre las prerrogativas de la administración y las garantías del administrado, a cuyo propósito se opone la dependencia de los tribunales contencioso-administrativos del Ministerio de Hacienda. Palabras clave: derecho financiero, jurisdicción de lo contencioso-administrativo, finanzas públicas. *Profesor titular de derecho financiero y tributario, Universidad de Salamanca. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
Apuntes en torno a la realidad de las segundas cámaras en el constitucionalismo comparado. Entre una Cámara de Notables y una Cámara de Representación territorial
Authors: Pacho Blanco José Manuel
Published: May 2024

Número 104Mayo - Agosto 2002Nueva Serie Año XXXVISSN 0041 8633 APUNTES EN TORNO A LA REALIDAD DE LAS SEGUNDAS CÁMARAS EN EL CONSTITUCIONALISMO COMPARADO. ENTRE UNA CÁMARA DE NOTABLES Y UNA CÁMARA DE REPRESENTACIÓN TERRITORIAL José Manuel PACHO BLANCO * En el presente artículo, el autor analiza el papel de las segundas cámaras en el actual contexto político y jurídico de distintos países con sistema bicameral. El autor afirma que, si bien es cierto que la cámara alta ha ido perdiendo funciones en favor de la cámara baja, no es posible hablar de una crisis de dicha cámara, sino más bien de una crisis del Poder Legislativo en favor del Poder Ejecutivo, para lo cual realiza un estudio de aquél en los Estados unitarios, federales y confederados. Posteriormente, describe la estructura y funcionamiento de la cámara alta en Gran Bretaña, Irlanda, Estados Unidos de América, Alemania, Austria, Italia y Bélgica. Por último, señala que existen dos tipos de sistemas bicamerales, dependiendo del papel que desempeñe la cámara alta, es decir, ya sea que funcione como contrapeso de la cámara baja o como órgano de representación territorial, ambos con sus respectivas ventajas y desventajas. Palabras clave: bicameralismo, cámara alta, cámara baja, representación territorial, Poder Legislativo. *Profesor e investigador. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
Algunas proposiciones para una Ley de Acceso a la Información
Authors: Fernández Ramos Severiano
Published: May 2024

Número 105Septiembre - Diciembre 2002Nueva Serie Año XXXVISSN 0041 8633 ALGUNAS PROPOSICIONES PARA UNA LEY DE ACCESO A LA INFORMACIÓN Severiano FERNÁNDEZ RAMOS * La idea central de este ensayo consiste en reconocer que el derecho de acceso a la documentación pública (vertiente subjetiva) y el correspondiente principio de transparencia administrativa (vertiente objetiva) constituye una etapa avanzada de los sistemas democráticos, considerando que la democracia no es tanto un estado como un proceso siempre abierto. Sin embargo, ante las insuficiencias de la corriente orientada a impulsar la participación ciudadana en las actuaciones administrativas, el autor se orienta por el camino que trata de extender la información sobre las actividades de la administración al conjunto de la ciudadanía, con el objetivo de lograr un control de la acción administrativa por la opinión pública. A partir de estas premisas, el autor identifica los principales aspectos formales de una Ley de Acceso a la Información, identificando los sujetos del derecho, el objeto del mismo, sus límites, así como el procedimiento de ejercicio y sus garantías. Palabras clave: acceso a la información, transparencia, opinión pública, democracia. *Profesor de derecho administrativo en la Universidad de Cádiz, España. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
La Comisión para el Esclarecimiento Histórico, Verdad y Justicia en Guatemala
Authors: Simon Jean-Michael
Published: May 2024

Número 106Enero - Abril 2003Nueva Serie Año XXXVIISSN 0041 8633 LA COMISIÓN PARA EL ESCLARECIMIENTO HISTÓRICO, VERDAD Y JUSTICIA EN GUATEMALA * Jan-Michael SIMON ** Este es un estudio sobre la integración, funcionamiento y resultados de la Comisión para el Esclarecimiento Histórico en Guatemala, cuestionando el carácter no vinculante de sus recomendaciones y de su informe. En la primera parte, el autor explica los instrumentos jurídicos que dieron origen a la comisión, así como las tareas de preparación para su integración y funcionamiento. En la segunda, analiza el objeto y límites de carácter personal, material y temporal de las actividades de investigación de la comisión, así como el marco jurídico de sus actividades. En la tercera, elabora una serie de críticas a los factores que explican las limitaciones en la actuación de la comisión. En la última, expone los resultados de la investigación y las reacciones tanto de los sujetos responsables como de otros sujetos interesados. El autor concluye que, en un Estado de derecho, los resultados de las investigaciones realizadas por este tipo de comisiones debieran ser vinculantes. Palabras clave: derechos humanos, estado de derecho, comisión de la verdad. *Ponencia en el coloquio internacional "Estado de derecho y delincuencia de Estado en América Latina. Procesos de transformación comparados", celebrado del 22 al 24 de febrero de 2002 en la Ciudad de São Paulo, Brasil, organizado por el Instituto Brasileiro de Ciências Criminais, la Fundación Konrad Adenauer-Programa Estado de Derecho en Sudamérica y el Instituto Max Planck de Derecho Penal Extranjero e Internacional. **Investigador científico del Instituto Max Planck de Derecho Penal Extranjero e Internacional. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
Acciones populares y acciones para la tutela de los intereses colectivos
Authors: Ovalle Favela José
Published: May 2024

Número 107Mayo - Agosto 2003Nueva Serie Año XXXVIISSN 0041 8633 ACCIONES POPULARES Y ACCIONES PARA LA TUTELA DE LOS INTERESES COLECTIVOS * José OVALLE FAVELA** El objeto de este ensayo es realizar un estudio comparativo de la regulación de las acciones populares y acciones para la tutela de los intereses colectivos en España, Colombia, Centro América y México. En la primera parte, el autor establece la distinción entre los conceptos de intereses colectivos, intereses difusos e intereses de grupo. Posteriormente, analiza la regulación de las acciones populares en Colombia, mediante las que se tutelan los intereses colectivos y las acciones de grupo. Enseguida, expone la regulación de las acciones colectivas en España y las acciones de grupo en México. El autor concluye que los instrumentos que protegen derechos subjetivos individuales tienen una función esencial para la solución de los conflictos privados, pero no han podido dar una respuesta adecuada a los conflictos en los que se manifiestan los intereses colectivos. Palabras clave: acciones populares, acciones de grupo, intereses colectivos, intereses difusos. *Ponencia general presentada en el VII Seminario Internazionale su Formazione e Caratteri del Sistema Giuridico Latinoamericano e Problemi del Processo Civile, organizado por el Centro di Studi Giuridici Latinoamericani del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, la Università "Tor Vergata" de Roma, el Istituto Italo-Latinoamericano y el Instituto Iberoamericano de Derecho Procesal, en la ciudad de Roma, del 16 al 18 de mayo de 2002. ** Investigador del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas y profesor de la Facultad de Derecho, ambos de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
Regulación por parte del derecho civil español de la responsabilidad extracontractual en el ámbito escolar: evolución legal y situación actual
Authors: San Julián Puig Verónica
Published: May 2024

Número 107Mayo - Agosto 2003Nueva Serie Año XXXVIISSN 0041 8633 REGULACIÓN POR PARTE DEL DERECHO CIVIL ESPAÑOL DE LA RESPONSABILIDAD EXTRACONTRACTUAL EN EL ÁMBITO ESCOLAR: EVOLUCIÓN LEGAL Y SITUACIÓN ACTUAL Verónica SAN JULIÁN PUIG * El presente artículo tiene por objeto analizar el panorama legislativo y judicial existente antes y después de la reforma de 1991 al Código Civil español, en materia de responsabilidad civil de los maestros por los perjuicios causados por sus alumnos. En primer lugar, la autora expone los principales problemas que se derivaron de la regulación anterior a la reforma de 1991, entre los que destacan la responsabilidad exclusiva y directa de los maestros, el uso de la vía penal en lugar de la vía civil, y la dificultad de demandar a la administración pública, ya que se trata de la responsabilidad de una institución de educación pública. En la segunda parte, explica el texto de la reforma, así como sus ventajas y desventajas. Finalmente, señala cuáles han sido los efectos de esta reforma y cuáles son las perspectivas para el futuro. Palabras clave: responsabilidad civil, daños y perjuicios, educación privada, educación pública. *Profesora de derecho civil en la Universidad de Navarra. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.
El positivismo excluyente de Raz
Authors: Vega Gómez Juan
Published: May 2024

Número 110Mayo - Agosto 2004Nueva Serie Año XXXVIIISSN 0041 8633 EL POSITIVISMO EXCLUYENTE DE RAZ * Juan VEGA GÓMEZ ** Dentro del positivismo jurídico siempre han existido diferentes interpretaciones relativas a la determinación de cuáles son sus tesis principales. Como explica el autor del presente ensayo, el positivismo jurídico no es una corriente homogénea en sus ideas, y poca justicia se hace al apoyar o criticar al positivismo en general sin señalar de antemano las tesis que queremos defender o contradecir (lo cual vale para los otros ismos en la filosofía del derecho). Actualmente, el positivismo manifiesta esta diferencia de puntos de vista a través del debate que se ha generado en su seno, entre excluyentes e incluyentes. Este artículo tiene como objetivo principal exponer los argumentos de Raz en lo que se ha venido a denominar positivismo excluyente para contribuir al esclarecimiento de la línea argumentativa que llega a la conclusión de la mencionada concepción. De esta manera, el ensayo nos hace ver estas pautas para avanzar en la comprensión de las diferencias entre la postura de Raz y los otros positivismos. Palabras clave: positivismo jurídico, teoría del derecho, razón práctica, acción. *Este trabajo es parte de una investigación que se lleva a cabo sobre el positivismo jurídico contemporáneo, y es posible gracias al apoyo recibido por parte del Conacyt y de la UNAM para realizar una estancia de investigación en la Universidad de Oxford. Estoy sumamente agradecido a estas dos instituciones, así como a la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad de Oxford y a Joseph Raz, quien no sólo ha apoyado mi estancia en Oxford, sino que me dio la oportunidad de comentar varios aspectos de este trabajo que finalmente se nutre de dichas discusiones. ** Investigador del Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM. * Nota: Debido que la traducción es automática podrá ser inexacta o contener errores.