bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
大型面粉厂供电系统无功补偿改造节能降耗分析
Authors: 法波 卢
Published: March 2022

大型面粉厂生产主要动力设备为三相异步电动机，由于电动机为感性负载，吸收无功功率较多，造成供电系统功率因数较低，仅在0.85左右。为实现节能降耗，提高供电系统整体的功率因数，提高有功功率利用率，改善电能质量，降低电费、降低生产成本，特实施了无功补偿改造项目，改造完成后，效果良好，经济效益明显。
水资源动态配置在水利信息化中的实现及应用
Authors: 君凯 吴
Published: March 2022

随着中国科技的不断发展，经济水平逐渐提高，如今所采用的数据库技术能够高效整合各项信息资源平台，对于各种资源信息的搭配和储存有着一定的促进作用。同时中国水资源的配备方面也组建了相关信息数据库，对水资源当中的模型计算进行组件化，将所有的知识在服务平台上形成可视化的综合性水资源配置系统，从而实现水资源的动态配置，让水资源可以在信息化的业务中得到有效的应用，针对中国现阶段的水资源配置案例进行调查，了解水资源动态模型的实现机制，为加快水资源的划分和动态管理提供可行性的技术方案。
计算机通信软件在信息管理系统中的应用探究
Authors: 骞 胡
Published: March 2022

随着社会的不断发展，信息管理系统的重要性也随之提升。为了使信息管理系统处于稳定的状态，并使相关功能充分发挥，需要将计算机通信软件应用其中。如何在信息管理系统中应用计算机通信软件成为研究的重点，论文从以下方面来全面研讨。
大跨隧道中心水沟一体化快速施工技术
Authors: 润发 谢 , 仕禄 秦
Published: March 2022

贵州重遵扩容高速桐梓隧道中心水沟采用液压自行式整体支模机进行一体化施工，论文通过详细介绍液压自行式整体支模机一体化施工工艺流程，并与传统组合钢模板施工工艺在工效、质量、成本方面进行对比分析，为同类大跨隧道中心水沟施工提供借鉴。
地铁机电施工的标准化建设研究
Authors: 伟平 张
Published: March 2022

蓬勃发展的经济社会带动基础设施建设工程发展，城市轨道交通工程作为便于市民出行的工具，其建设质量关系市民安全与交通工程运行质量。其中，机电施工是轨道交通不可缺少的组成，需在具体施工中结合实际情况开展标准化建设，优化以往施工存在不足，并在施工中逐步创新施工技术，在保证安全与使用的基础上降低能源与材料消耗，形成安全与质量兼具的机电施工体系，实现预期经济和社会效益目标。
测绘地理信息技术在国土空间规划中的应用研究
Authors: 彦朝 赵
Published: March 2022

基于中国土地综合整治中整理测绘的实际处理工作，简述了目前测绘处理技术在中国土地综合整治工作过程中的主要应用，以期更好地结合整治测绘工作，提高中国土地综合整治水平。
城市智能道路监控建设的路径思考
Authors: 涵军 张
Published: March 2022

维持良好的道路交通状况，能够有效解决城市拥堵问题，提高整体运转效率。在智能城市建设背景下，应该充分发挥智能道路监控系统的作用，消除传统监管模式下的盲区，以便及时采取有效的梳理和调度措施，为人们的出行提供便捷，同时能够降低交通安全事故率，强化对违章行为的约束力度。智能道路监控系统建设工作具有专业性特点，应该在明确系统功能需求的基础上，创新技术手段，以改善系统的整体功能。论文对城市智能道路监控建设的原则加以分析，探索城市智能道路监控建设的路径。
简析智能交通信号灯控制中电子信息技术的应用
Authors: 翰林 闻
Published: March 2022

随着城市经济的发展，城市地区人口和机动车保有量迅猛增长，城市安全管理、交通供需矛盾逐渐突出。为减轻城市的交通拥堵现象、降低交通事故的发生率，智能交通信号灯控制系统被广泛应用。论文运用调查法、文献法、分析法对智能交通信号灯控制中电子信息技术的应用情况展开探究，以供借鉴参考。
单桩竖向抗拔静载试验检测中的思考与延伸
Authors: 磊 蔡 , 涵博 赵 , 阁阁 龙 , 兴东 杨 , 奇 高 , 志萍 袁
Published: March 2022

单桩竖向抗拔静载试验在桩基检测中有着广泛的应用，但是随着时代的发展，原有的方法与思路已经不能完全满足现今的检测需求。为解决此问题，结合现场实际，提出了一种安全可靠的方法，对大吨位抗拔桩检测中存在的问题，进行了简要分析，为此类大吨位单桩竖向抗拔试验提供了方法和参照。
Typical and Atypical Mathematics Learning: What Do We Learn From Recent Studies
Authors: Ozsoy Gokhan , Doğan Temur Özlem , Desoete Annemie
Published: March 2022

Poor mathematical abilities have a substantial societal impact. This special issue includes contributions discussing learning of mathematics that have impact on educational policy or elementary school practice. All papers explore and illustrate recent studies and available literature in the field of understanding typical and atypical mathematics learning. They reflect on mechanisms of conceptual development, models of typical and atypical learning, individual quantitative and qualitative differences, strengths and weaknesses, factors that appear promising and positively influencing the learning process of students’ learning of mathematics, and on interventions that aim to improve mathematics performance even in very young children.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA VIDEO KARTUN TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN MENULIS CERPEN SISWA KELAS IX SMP
Authors: Amalia Riska , Ramly Ramly , Azis Azis
Published: March 2022

The Effect of Using Media Cartoon Videos Toward The Skill of Writing Short Story for 3rd Year Students of SMP. This study aims to describe:  (1) skill of writing short story for 3rd year students of SMP Negeri 20 Makassar before using media of cartoon videos, (2) skill of writing short story for 3rd year students of SMP Negeri 20 Makassar after using media.of cartoon videos, (3) the effect of using media of cartoon videos toward the skill of writing short story for 3rd year students of SMP Negeri 20 Makassar.  This research is a pre-experimental design research with one-group pretest-posttest design using pretest at the beginning of conducting research  and post test as the final test.  The results of the study found that:  (1) skill of writing short story for 3rd year students of SMP Negeri 20 Makassar before using media of cartoon videos are categorized as less skilled, (2) skill of writing short story for 3rd year students of SMP Negeri 20 Makassar after using media of cartoon videos are categorized as skilled, (3) using media of cartoon videos affect the skill of writing short story for 3rd year students of SMP Negeri 20 Makassar.
Hubungan Pergaulan Teman Sebaya dengan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas IV SD
Authors: Rukayah Rukayah , Marliana Marliana , Rahman Sidrah Afriani
Published: March 2022

The problem in this study is that grade IV students have a high intensity of meeting with friends because most students have a distance of residence that is not far from one another. So that students tend to spend time gathering together in a place where there is wifi that makes it easier for them to play online gamesand access various sites that are still not suitable for the development of students' ages. Activities carried out by these students, of course, can hinder the learning process. This research is a quantitative research with correlational type which aims to determine the relationship between peers and the learning achievement of fourth graders of SD Cluster IV. The results of the study show that there is a significant relationship between peer association and student achievement fourth grade Cluster IV with a value of t arithmetic (3.794) is greater (>) than t table (1.66757) which means H0  is rejected and H1 is accepted. Based on the analysis of the data, it can be concluded that peer association can affect student achievement. So, the better the peer association carried out by students, the better the learning achievement obtained by students. From these conclusions, the impact resulting from this study is known that good peer relationships will improve student achievement.
Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua dengan Kedisiplinan Siswa Kelas Tinggi di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: SUNDARI SUNDARI , Rukayah Rukayah , Rahman Sidrah Afriani
Published: March 2022

The problem in this study is the lack of student discipline.  Student discipline does not just arise, but there are parties who play a very important role in children's education, one of which is through parenting applied by parents. This research is a quantitative research with the type of correlational research which aims to determine the relationship between parenting patterns and high grade elementary school students' discipline. The results showed that obtained rx = 0.412 then the relationship between the two variables was classified at the level of relationship in the "medium" category, because it was in the range 0.40 - 0.599 and the tcount value was 3.73 and ttable was 1.67.  It turns out that the value of tcount is greater than the value of ttable, thus it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between parenting patterns and the discipline of high-class students.  So, the better the parenting style applied, the better the student discipline will be.  Based on these conclusions, the impact of this study is known that good parenting will improve student discipline.
Post COVID-19 fitness to dive assessment findings in occupational and recreational divers
Authors:   Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Underwater and Hyperbaric Medicine Department, Istanbul, Turkey, Mirasoglu Bengusu , Yetis Gulsen ,   Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Underwater and Hyperbaric Medicine Department, Istanbul, Turkey, Erelel Mustafa ,   Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine Department, Istanbul, Turkey, Toklu Akin Savas ,   Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Underwater and Hyperbaric Medicine Department, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: March 2022

Introduction: It is now known that COVID-19 has long term effects that may not correlate with clinical severity of disease. The known pulmonary and cardiovascular changes as well as thrombotic tendency could predispose to diving accidents. We aimed to investigate COVID-19 related changes that may cause disqualification from diving among divers who recovered from the disease. Methods: Occupational and recreational divers who applied for fitness to dive (FTD) assessment after COVID-19 infection were included. Routine FTD assessments were performed. Details of COVID-19 history were evaluated. Lung computed tomography (CT) scans were advised if not previously performed or if there were COVID-19 related changes in previous scans. Divers with pathological findings were restrained from diving and followed prospectively. Results: Forty-three divers were analysed. Thirteen divers were restrained from diving, all due to persistent COVID-19 related changes in lung CT. The prevalence of CT with at least one lung lesion was 68.2% at the time of diagnosis, 73.3% in the first three months after diagnosis and 19.2% later. The most common CT findings were glass ground opacities and fibrotic changes. Demographic characteristics and COVID-19 history of divers deemed ‘unfit’ were similar to those deemed ‘fit’. Conclusions: Divers who recover from COVID-19 should undergo FTD assessments before resuming diving. A chest CT performed at least three months after diagnosis may be suggested.
A Delphi study to identify relevant scenarios as the first step toward an international hyperbaric medicine simulation curriculum
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hyperbaric Medicine Unit, Respiratory Therapy Department, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa ON, Canada, Boet Sylvain ,   Department of Innovation in Medical Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON, Canada,   Francophone Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON, Canada,   Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa ON, Canada,   Institut du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa ON, Canada,   Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON, Canada, Burns Joseph K ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hyperbaric Medicine Unit, Respiratory Therapy Department, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa ON, Canada,   Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa ON, Canada, Jenisset Eric ,   Unité de Médecine Subaquatique et Hyperbare, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland,   Direction des Ressources Humaines, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland, Papp Mélanie ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hyperbaric Medicine Unit, Respiratory Therapy Department, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa ON, Canada, Bourbonnais Sylvie ,   Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hyperbaric Medicine Unit, Respiratory Therapy Department, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa ON, Canada, Pignel Rodrigue ,   Unité de Médecine Subaquatique et Hyperbare, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Evidence across healthcare specialties suggests that simulation-based education improves practices and patient outcomes. However, simulation has yet to be widely used in hyperbaric medicine education. We aimed to identify the most relevant clinical scenarios for inclusion in a simulation-based curriculum for hyperbaric medicine. Methods: After ethics approval, we used a modified Delphi consensus method. We assembled an initial questionnaire and distributed it online in English and French to an international group of hyperbaric physicians and operators using a snowball recruitment technique. Participants rated the list of scenarios using a 5-point scale ranging from 1 (least relevant) to 5 (most relevant). Scenarios judged by at least 80% of participants to be relevant (score 4 or 5) were automatically included. Scenarios that did not meet this threshold and new scenarios suggested by participants during the first round were included in a second round. Results: Seventy-one participants from nine countries, including both physicians and non-physicians, completed the first round and 34 completed the second. Five scenarios were identified as relevant: seizure, fire, cardiac arrest, pneumothorax, and technical deficiency such as power loss while operating the chamber. Conclusions: Five scenarios relevant for inclusion in the simulation-based curriculum in hyperbaric medicine were identified by expert consensus.
Abnormal motor blockade after epidural analgesia caused by pneumorrhachis and the role of hyperbaric oxygen treatment: a case report
Authors:   Anesthesiology Department:  Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal, Romano-Ribeiro Carolina , Gaio-Lima Clara ,   Unidade de Medicina Hiperbárica, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal, Ferreira António P ,   Unidade de Medicina Hiperbárica, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal, Oliveira Belinda ,   Anesthesiology Department:  Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal, Dias-Vaz Marta ,   Anesthesiology Department:  Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal, Camacho Óscar ,   Unidade de Medicina Hiperbárica, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Pneumorrhachis is a rare clinical entity that is usually asymptomatic. Previous reports have associated such events with epidural insertion using a loss of resistance (LOR) to air technique. This report describes a case of symptomatic epidural pneumorrhachis following epidural anaesthesia using LOR to saline. Case report: A 32-year-old American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Classification II female patient was admitted for unplanned caesarean section. Epidural anaesthesia was performed at the L3-4 space using LOR to saline. The procedure, including delivery of the neonate, was uneventful. In the recovery room, a local anaesthetic infusion via an elastomeric pump (infusion ‘balloon’) was started. Two hours after initiation of the infusion the patient complained of motor blockade, so it was stopped. Two hours later she remained paraparetic, and a neurologist assessment was required. A computed tomography scan showed epidural pneumorrhachis at the L2-3 level. The patient was referred for emergent hyperbaric oxygen treatment (US Navy Treatment Table 5) and following one session the patient recovered completely. Discussion: Anaesthetists should be aware of this rare complication, which is easily overlooked. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment is a first line treatment for gas-associated lesions with neurological impairment. Timely referral is essential to prevent irreversible deficits.
Vorlesung über Die gesamte Philosophie oder die Lehre vom Wesen der Welt und dem menschlichen Geiste, Bd. 1
Authors: Schopenhauer Arthur
Published: March 2022

Vollständig neu erarbeitete Studienausgabe des ersten Teils von Schopenhauers Berliner Vorlesung über »Die gesamte Philosophie«. Die Vorlesungsmanuskripte bieten eine vielfach erweiterte Variante seines Hauptwerks »Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung« und gestatten durch ihre didaktisch verbesserte Darstellung einen erleichterten Einstieg in sein Werk.
Learning Gene Regulatory Networks using Graph Granger Causality
Authors: Patil Pranita , Vaida Maria
Published: March 2022

Interacting systems such as gene regulatory networks have the ability to respond to in- dividual component changes, propagate these changes throughout the network, and affect the temporal trajectories of other network elements. Causality techniques are frequently employed to investigate the interconnection between variables in complex dynamical sys- tems. However, the vast majority of causality models are rooted in regression techniques such as Vector Autoregression Models and Bootstrap Elastic net regression from Time Se- ries framework, and there is very limited research in the space of deep learning, particularly graph neural networks. In this paper, we explore in more depth the concept of Granger causality in deep learning and propose Granger causality deep learning framework using graphs convolutions, LSTM, and nonlinear penalties for the objective of learning causal relationships between temporal elements in gene regulatory networks. The deep learn- ing architecture proposed here for studying causality in dynamic networks has achieved high results on simulated networks as well as on more challenging Dream3 gene regulatory networks time-series datasets.
A case of giant extra-uterine myxoid leiomyoma: An unusual benign pathology mimicking malignancy
Authors: Ovayolu Ali , Filiz Tarik , Savli Tugce
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Leiomyoma is the most frequent benign pathology in females and arises from uterine smooth muscle.

Aim

We present an uncommon example of a big, cystic-solid extra-uterine myoma that seemed on sonography and magnetic resonance imaging to be a primary malignant tumor.

Case study

A woman was admitted to our hospital with a palpable abdominopelvic mass. Imaging studies described a large semisolid mass of 30 × 25 × 23 cm that filled the abdomen from the pelvis to the xiphoid process. Preoperatively, a primary malignant ovarian cancer or teratoma was identified.

Results and discussion

Histological analysis confirmed a leiomyoma with myxoid degeneration without any malignancy.

Conclusions

There is a high risk of malignancy in a giant uterus/mass and fast-growing myomas. For the treatment of large leiomyomas/large extra-uterine leiomyomas, a surgical approach is usually chosen. Myxoid leiomyoma of the broad ligament is very rare, its diagnosis remains histological to date like uterine myxoid leiomyoma. Malignancy should always be ruled out.
INDIAN ART AND SHIVA
Authors: Rathi Shivani
Published: March 2022

Indian culture is the most diverse culture in the world. It symbolizes a diverse culture rich in different languages, clothing, religions, cuisines, festivals, and other activities. When we talk about religion, the image of divine power in the form of various deities starts circulating in front of us, this image starts roaming before us mainly in the form of Hindu religion.
Various gods and goddesses have a special place in Hinduism. Among all the deities, Lord Shiva has a special place in the eyes of his devotees. The marking of gods and goddesses is seen in Indian art since prehistoric times. The marking of Pasupathi Shiva is also found in the Indus Civilization. The wonderful confluence of Indian art and Shiva gives a new form to Indian art.
Lord Shiva is known as creation, power, protection, and transformation. Shiva is considered one of the three most powerful deities of Hinduism. Roop Nataraja, dancing to Lord Shiva, has a wonderful place in Indian sculpture.
Determination of the Effect of Different Organic Fertilizers Applications on Soil Quality Using the SMAF Model
Authors: ALABOZ Pelin , DENGİZ Orhan , PACCİ Sena , DEMİR Sinan , TÜRKAY Cengiz
Published: March 2022

Soil is an essential resource for terrestrial life. That’s why it is vital to use it without causing any harm to its ecological and economic functions. This current study was carried out to investigate the effect of different organic materials (farmyard manure, vermicompost, leonardite, rose pulp, biochar, biogas waste, seaweed) on soil quality using the SMAF model in Isparta province, which has a semi-arid ecological characteristic. Thirteen soil quality indicators were used to determine the physical, chemical, and biological soil quality of the SMAF model. In this study, twelve indicators were used, which were: bulk density, aggregate stability, available water content, water-filled pore space, organic carbon, pH, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, available potassium and phosphorus, microbial biomass carbon, and ßeta-Glucosidase enzyme activity. In general, the applied organic wastes had a positive effect on the quality characteristics of the soils. The lowest quality was determined in the control (50%) and seaweed (51%) applications, while the highest quality increase was determined in the rose pulp application (60%) and vermicompost application (56%). Other applications did not cause significant changes according to SMAF scoring. The most important effects of low quality scores were determined as biological quality indicators. According to the results obtained, organic waste application for sustainable soil management has an important place in increasing the physical, chemical, and biological soil quality properties of agricultural soils, especially in the arid and semi-arid areas of our country, as well as increasing the general soil quality index values.
Harmful and Beneficial Insect Species and Their Distributions in Wheat Areas in Van Province
Authors: ÖZGÖKÇE Mehmet Salih , KARA Hilmi , BAŞİ Furkan Harun , KINA Esra
Published: March 2022

Wheat is one of the most important crops globally in cultivation and production. Insects, which are among the factors that cause quality and quantity losses in wheat production, are among the pest groups that should be monitored and kept under control. This study was carried out in Van province and its districts (Bahçesaray, Başkale, Çaldıran, Çatak, Edremit, Erciş, Gevaş, Gürpınar, Muradiye, Özalp, Saray and Tusba) in May-August 2017 and insect species found in wheat fields were determined. The samplings of harmful and beneficial species were carried out using standard sweep nets and by hand collection. At the end of the study, 66 species belonging to 7 orders and 39 families were found in 165 different localities. Distributions of the species were recorded as 26 species belonging to 12 families in Coleoptera, 19 species belonging to 10 families in Hemiptera, 9 species belonging to 8 families in Diptera, 6 species belonging to 5 families in Hymenoptera, 2 species belonging to 2 family in Orthoptera, 2 species belonging to 1 family in Neuroptera, and 1 species in Thysanoptera. With this study, for the first time, comprehensive information was obtained about the pest species found in the wheat fields in and around Van, their distributions, densities, and the presence of their natural enemies in the region.
A Site-Level Library Power Case Study of Lincoln, Nebraska: Educational Excellence on the Plains
Authors: Callison Daniel
Published: March 2022

This summary of events and impressions from the case study of the Lincoln (Nebraska) Public Schools site examines the major elements present in the community and the educational context prior to and during implementation of the Library Power initiative. A description is provided of the key team members who secured the grant, the educational framework in place to support the initiative, and the new teams and strategies developed to ensure effective implementation of the project. The impact of Library Power not only led to accomplishing the basic objectives, but also resulted in new areas of collaboration among educators and the community beyond pre-award expectations. The Lincoln site possesses a history of educators committed to excellence in the district through longevity of service, caution in adoption of innovation, and systematic planning and evaluation for professional development intended to engage all who might participate.
Student Learning in the Library: What Library Power Librarians Say
Authors: Kuhlthau Carol Collier
Published: March 2022

Library Power sought to improve student learning opportunities through enhanced use of an improved library media center. Over the course of the initiative, librarians in Library Power schools were asked to describe meaningful learning experiences for a student or students in their libraries and to explain what made them good learning experiences. The librarians' responses were analyzed for the quality of the learning experience described and for the kinds of indicators cited as evidence of learning. Focused case studies observed how the school library media centers in selected schools provided improved learning opportunities for students.
Introduction to the Theme Issue: Library Power Program Evaluation
Authors: Hopkins Dianne McAfee , Zweizig Douglas L
Published: March 2022

This special theme issue of School Libraries Worldwide focuses on the evaluation of the school library program initiative, Library Power. Library Power is the ambitious initiative of the DeWitt Wallace-Reader's Digest Fund, designed to promote the full use of the school library program in instruction. Elementary and middle/junior high schools (up to ninth grade) in the 19 United States communities that successfully competed for a Library Power grant were eligible to participate in Library Power. Each community received $1.2 million over the three-year period of the grant. Funding for the initiative from the DeWitt Wallace-Reader's Digest Fund was provided through community agencies known as local education funds (LEFs). These tax-exempt, nonprofit, community-based organizations work to build community support for high-quality public K-12 education. A Library Power Director, who became part of the LEF professional staff, worked directly with the school district(s) in the community and in collaboration with others, including the district's library supervisor, to improve student learning through libraries.
Web Sites and Digital Services in Israeli School Libraries: How is a Digital Environment Changing How School Libraries Work?
Authors: Shoham Snunith , Shemer-Shalman Zehava
Published: March 2022

The Internet Age can lead to three possible scenarios for school libraries: status quo, change, or obsolescence. This study examines the ramifications of school library Web sites for the work done by Israeli school libraries and the services they provide. It is based on an analysis of the Internet sites of 78 school libraries in Israel, in-depth interviews with nine librarians in Israel, questionnaires completed by 22 librarians in the United States and other countries, and a review of literature on the subject. The findings of the study suggest that school libraries in Israel are in the status quo phase; however, there is a slight move toward the change scenario in which the library will continue to exist but will offer a different mix of services.
School Libraries Serving Rural Communities in China: The Evergreen Model
Authors: Liu Geoffrey
Published: March 2022

This article presents a case study of Evergreen school libraries in the northwestern region of China, with a focus on their innovative approaches to community services and strategies of reaching out to local town residents and villagers. The data gathered for the case study included patron/school librarian interviews, observation of brainstorming by school librarians and principals, and analysis of library use data gathered from project schools. In view of known issues identified from existing literature, this study attempts to identify factors that potentially contribute to a school library's success or failure in serving its local community.
Developing Students' Information Skills in Brazilian School Libraries: The Librarian's Role
Authors: Campello Bernadete
Published: March 2022

This exploratory study examined how school librarians in Brazil understand their role in developing students' information literacy and whether the notion of a formal program of information literacy informs their practice. The study data included published reports of librarians' practices as well as interviews and group discussions with 28 librarians, 14 of them from government schools and 14 from private schools, from nine different states. A qualitative, interpretative approach was used to analyze the study data. The results of the study show that the concept of information literacy, as a set of skills and attitudes to be developed through a planned, continuous and sequential library program was not found in the practice of these librarians.
Examining Information Problem-Solving Instruction: Dynamic Relationship Patterns Mediated by Distinct Instructional Methodologies
Authors: Newell Terrence
Published: March 2022

Information problem-solving (IPS) is a central focus of information literacy instruction on the K-12 level, and school media specialists are employing various instructional methodologies during the teaching process.The use of different methodologies has the potential to mediate dynamic teaching/ learning relationships in distinct ways. The purpose of this study was to examine relationships within two IPS methodologies: problem-based learning (PB) and participatory simulation(PS). Participant observation was employed to record and describe the broad patterns of relationships that were mediated by each methodology. The results of the study give greater insight into the role that methodology plays in mediating interactions between the elements of an instructional system.
The Effect of Early Adolescents' Psychological Needs Satisfaction upon Their Perceived Competence in Information Skills and Intrinsic Motivation for Research
Authors: Arnone Marilyn , Reynolds Rebecca , Marshall Todd
Published: March 2022

The American Association of School Librarians' Standards for the 21stCentury Learner make clear that information skills alone are not sufficient for student success; students must also value those skills, use them in a productive and responsible manner, and have the motivational "dispositions in action" to support successful research and independent lifelong learning. Self-determination theory highlights perceived competence and autonomy as two basic psychological needs that support intrinsically-motivated behavior. This study investigates the extent to which context factors inherent to the school library influence students' perceived competence in the domain of information skills (PCIS), and their intrinsic motivation for research (IMR).
Inquiry in the School Library: A 21st Century Solution?
Authors: Gordon Carol
Published: March 2022

As we turn the corner on the first decade of the 21st century, debates about the future of the book and the library abound. While these are compelling questions, they are part of a larger phenomenon: technology is changing our information and reading behaviour. Literacy is no longer confined to the printed page; it is multi-modal. Learning in an electronic age presumes visual literacy, media literacy, and technological literacy. The electronic landscape challenges the conventions of traditional reading and what it means to be information literate. Academic subjects are targeting literacies that are specific to disciplinary knowledge that evoke deep understanding rather than superficial familiarity. Re-conceptualizing how we learn to read and write in print and electronic places and how we learn how to learn in new environments is the primary educational challenge.
Internationalism as leadership in IASL research: Accomplishments and directions
Authors: Asselin Marlene
Published: March 2022

The International Association of School Librarianship [IASL] is a leading source in school library research.Many IASL authors work in academic institutions that now identify internationalism as a priority in their research goals. This article examines how IASL-published research accords with a wider academic mandate of internationalism. Moving toward an international focus that recognizes the scholars and contexts of developing countries requires rethinking roles and responsibilities of researchers, and challenging assumptions about emerging nations. Illustrated by the author's work in Ethiopia, recommendations are made for ways that IASL can support school library research that reflects developed and developing countries.
Cougar Readers: Piloting a Library-Based Intervention for Struggling Readers
Authors: Foster Elizabeth , Knapp Nancy
Published: March 2022

A school librarian helped struggling third-grade readers improve their test scores and learn to enjoy reading by implementing the Reading Apprenticeship intervention at her isolated rural school. She recruited twenty-one local adult volunteers to read with student partners in the school library twice a week for twelve weeks. Participants were enthusiastic, averaging more than 21 completed sessions. From pre- to post- test, students gained an average of 24.8 WPM on the DIBELS (138% of expected gain) and 9.1 months on the STAR (303% of expected gain). Teachers' written observations also noted associated positive changes in classroom reading skills and behaviors. Recommendations for use of this intervention by other school librarians are included.
The use of self-story as a pedagogical tool in a meta-cognitive exercise to support children in understanding their material choices in the school library
Authors: Cooper Linda
Published: March 2022

This paper examines the notion of self-story as a sense-making scaffold to self-knowledge via the Zone of Proximal Development in a school library setting. A teaching strategy is presented utilizing ideas from Vygotsky, Bruner, and Dervin in which children are asked to remember stories about themselves to support language development and movement towards greater self knowledge supporting their choices of material in the school library. Children may lack the vocabulary/language to describe/explain their own behavior. Since language is culturally constructed and children lack experience with culture and, thus, language, not only may they have difficulty communicating with others, but since thinking is informed by language, they may have difficulty understanding their own thoughts and feelings since they do not have the words to name them. They need to access the appropriate language/words to express these things. One strategy that may assist them in this task is the use of self-stories.
Editorial Story: International common ground in school librarianship
Authors: Everhart Nancy
Published: March 2022

The lure of the story is what often attracts us to the profession of school librarianship. Early childhood memories of hearing stories at bedtime and around the campfire, being read to, attending story times in the public and school library, and choosing and owning our first books, are powerful and enduring. Listening to stories even has the capacity to alter our consciousness and place us in what researcher Brian Sturm (1999) calls a "storytelling trance." Simple storytelling, with its origins in primiti ve times, can form a foundation for an interest in reading and lifelong learning.
Researcher's Perspective: Is Teacher Librarianship in Crisis in Digital Environments? An Australian Perspective
Authors: O'Connell Judy
Published: March 2022

The information environment of a good school library has been undergoing a transformation, powered by technology and trans-media influences in our classrooms. The role of the teacher librarian is to promote books, reading and research, in old ways and new ways, so as to promote conversation and learning. School libraries that adapt to the digital needs of their students and school community not only continue to build a reading culture in the school, but provide the divergence and convergence in media needed to provide the materials for motivation, differentiation, collaboration and connections ne cessary for 21st century learning. Asking questions about the nature of the current knowledge and skills requirements of a teacher librarian in digital environments, and the ongoing professional development needs is related to digital aspects of the profession is an ongoing iterative process which provides valuable insights into the priorities and points related teacher librarianship and innovation in digital environments.
School Libraries, Teacher-Librarians and Student Outcomes: Presenting and Using the Evidence
Authors: Hughes Hilary , Bozorgian Hossein , Allen Cherie
Published: March 2022

Evidence is required to ensure the future viability of school libraries and teacher-librarians. Education policy makers and school principals need detailed, reliable evidence to support informed decision-making about school library resourcing and staffing. Teacher-librarians need evidence to guide their professional practice and demonstrate their contribution to student learning outcomes. This review, which arises from recent Australian research (Hughes, 2013), collates international and Australian research about the impacts of school libraries and teacher librarians. It strengthens the evidence base, and recommends how this evidence can be best used to advance school libraries and teacher-librarians and enhance student learning.
Digital Identity: An opportunity for leadership
Authors: Everhart Nancy
Published: March 2022

One of the evolving roles that have emerged for school librarians is teaching digital citizenship. This includes not only self-image and identity, but also Internet safety, digital footprint and reputation, privacy and security, information literacy, cyberbullying, and creative credit and copyright (Common Sense Education, 2014). The four research articles in this issue of School Libraries Worldwide focuses on these themes.
Constructing Knowledge About and With Informational Texts: Implications for Teacher-Librarians Working With Young Children
Authors: Felipenko Margot
Published: March 2022

Although young children's developing understandings of the concept of story have been thoroughly researched, children's information literacy development has gone largely unexamined. This article reports a study of young children's understandings of informational texts and offers a grounded theory of their information literacy development. Six broad conceptual categories of children's talk emerged from the data analysis: informational text knowledge; world knowledge; representing meaning; building connections; reflective talk; and relational talk. These categories represented the various facets of children's engagement with nonfiction texts and revealed how these children constructed meaning about and with this type of text. The findings from this study have implications for early childhood education and affect the teaching of information literacy and the role of the teacher-librarian.
Teaching Information Skills in the Information Age: An Examination of Trends in the Middle Grades
Authors: Asselin Marlene
Published: March 2022

This study examined the extent of information literacy instruction in grades 6 and 7 and the degree to which a variety of supportive factors are in place in classrooms and school library programs in one western Canadian province. Based on responses to questionnaires from teachers and teacher-librarians, four trends emerged: (a) the existence of broad-level support in schools including a constructivist teaching and learning environment, principals' support of information literacy, and teachers' knowledge of information literacy; (b) the need for school- and district-level frameworks of information literacy; (c) the need for increased attention to teaching ethical and critical thinking aspects of information literacy; and (d) challenges to increasing the potential role of the school library program. Implications for teacher-librarians as school leaders of the "new literacies" required to participate in the Information Age are presented.
Theory Research and Practice
Authors: Oberg Dianne
Published: March 2022

Editorial
Principal's Evaluation of School librarians: A Study of Strategic and Nonstrategic Evidence-based Approaches
Authors: Everhart Nancy
Published: March 2022

Principals have a range of strategic and nonstrategic approaches available to them that they could potentially employ to gather evidence to evaluate school ibrarians. This study surveyed principals on how frequently they used each of these possible forms of evidence. Results show that principals are proactive, deliberate, and strategic in seeking the evidence they use to evaluate their school librarians. They are more likely to use their own observations, interviews, and data analysis than to rely on evidence provided to them by the school librarian, particularly in the form of reports.
The Social Inclusion Function of the School Library
Authors: Odasso Paolo
Published: March 2022

This article presents arguments to support social inclusion as an important function of the school library. Unlike other types of libraries, the school library is not a separate organization, but lives within the school, which has social inclusion as its mission. In order for the school library to fulfill a social inclusion role in cooperation with the school, it must look at the changes that are underway in education systems because of the process of globalization and digitalization of information. Two changes in particular— the movement from the transmission of knowledge to the formation of key competences or capabilities and the growing weight of international evaluations of educational systems—are effecting a paradigm change for schools and school libraries: from the axis of having information knowledge to the axis of being and becoming competent and capable. The school library has the potential to be an essential driver of social inclusion and educational innovation by playing a unique educational role in two areas: the logical organization of information, which can help to address scholastic dispersion (the dropout problem), and the documentation of professional knowledge to help the school become a learning organization (knowledge management).
Learning for the Future: Developing Information Services in Australian Schools
Authors: Scott Catherine , Tierney Gay
Published: March 2022

The publication Learning for the Future: Developing Information Services in Australian Schools (1993) was the culmination of a broad consultative process. It resulted in a contemporary standards document that could be used to monitor the effectiveness of school library resource centers in a range of educational settings across Australia. Its five domains, Learners and Learning, Teachers and Teaching, Providing Access to Information, Resourcing the Curriculum, and Developing their Physical Environment provide a framework for use at the national, systemic, and local level to develop and monitor school library information services.
The Methods of Action Research
Authors: Klobas Jane E.
Published: March 2022

The methods of action research introduced in this article enable a practitioner who is also an action researcher to observe, evaluate, and interpret reliably the effect of an action or intervention on library practice, to integrate a successful intervention into local practice, and to publish the results of an action research project in such a way that other practitioners and researchers can learn from the project. The article emphasizes reflection skills and includes examples of the use of diaries and internal dialogues in reflection.
Teacher-Librarians and Information Literacy: Getting into the Action
Authors: Todd Ross J.
Published: March 2022

This article reflects on the process, actions, and outcomes of the extensive and ongoing action research that has been underway at Marist Sisters' College, Sydney, Australia since 1991. This research has centered on integrating information literacy in the classroom and investigating its impact on student learning. It presents some guiding principles developed from this experience to enable teacher-librarians to get into the acitons. These include aspects of collaboration, intervention, reflection, learning by doing, and methodologies. The article also discusses outcomes related to decision-making and development in the school library, the role of the teacher-librarian, the wider valuing of information literacy, and the development of an information technology infrastructure in the school.
Working Together to Improve Junior High School Research Instruction: An Action Research Approach
Authors: Loerke Kare , Oberg Dianne
Published: March 2022

Four science teachers and the teacher-librarian used an action research approach to teach a library research process, developing instructional approaches appropriate to the cognitive development of their junior high school students (ages 12-15). The action research team worked through seven cycles of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The team found that junior high school students experience the thoughts and feelings identified in Kuhlthau's Information Search Process. Recommendations were developed for providing guided instrction for the research process and for implementing school policies to support a guided inquiry instruction approach.
Library Power: A Potent Agent for Change in Media Programs
Authors: Tallman Julie I. , Tastad Shirley
Published: March 2022

The national Library Power program funded by the Dewitt-Wallace Reader's Digest Foundation has contributed over $40 million for the improvement of library information and reading resources in selected school districts across the United States of America. Not since the Knapp School libraries project in the 1960s has a project of such potential impact on the school library media programs taken place. This article reports and the changes made as a result of the library power initiative in two schools in a large urban District. Attitudes of school stuff changed positively towards expanding the role and leadership of the library media specialist in planning collaboratively curriculum units with appropriate resources, information literacy skills, and effective students learning activities. Planning teams were able to create much richer, in-depth multiple-content units using a broader range of resources for resource-based learning and teaching.
Of Special Interest - Information Literacy: A Clarification
Authors: Langford Linda
Published: March 2022

This article begins with a brief overview of the concept of literacy. It then focuses on a series of definitions that deal with expanding notion of literacies, and finally refocuses on information literacy.
School Libraries in Bangladesh: A State-of-the-Art Report
Authors: Azharul Islam Mohammed
Published: March 2022

Libraries at the institutional level in school in Bangladesh are deplorable. Various commission have been Framed at various times to inquire into and set up standards and policies, as well as strategies for the eradication of many problems. But since 1971, there have been no improvements in services or facilities, either proposed order placed in practice, in spite of the recommendations of the commissions. Almost no data are available on the school libraries as they now exist, And survey research at the field level on the status of school libraries and librarianship in Bangladesh is badly needed.
School Libraries in Greece: A State-of-the-Art Report
Authors: Papazoglou Alexandra
Published: March 2022

The creation of school libraries in Greece starts early in the history of the Greek independent state, which was established in 1827. At first, much importance was attributed to the role of the library, but this did not continue due to lack of funds, a strict bureaucracy, the prevalence of the single textbook as a teaching tool, and the general ideology of the educational system. The 1985 legislation concerning school libraries brought again to the surface the discussion about the need for and the role of the school library, but these changes have not been implemented yet. Currently, a large national project, undertaken with funding from the European Union, aims to create 500 school libraries.
A Framework for Understanding the "State of Art" for School Libraries
Authors: Oberg Dianne
Published: March 2022

Editorial.
A Golden Age and a Stone Age of School Libraries in Lithuania
Authors: Mozuraite Vita
Published: March 2022

This article describes two eras of school library work in Lithuania -- the last two decades of Soviet times (1970-1990) and the first years of independence (1990-1997). These two periods are very different, but we can learn much from both of them.
International School Library Day: Messages From Around the World
Authors: Oberg Dianne
Published: March 2022

As President of the IASL, I am delighted to proclaim that Monday, October 18, 1999 will be the First International School Library Day and that every third Monday in October from this year on will be International School Library Day.
School Library Media Specialists' Use of Time: A Review of the Research
Authors: Everhart Nancy
Published: March 2022

Various research studies have attempted to categorize the tasks performed by school library media specialists and the time devoted to them. Since 1969, approximately a dozen studies have been conducted in the United States and one in the United Kingdom. The number of participants in these studies ranged from fewer than 10 per study to several hundred. Diverse methodologies have been employed to collect the data, including diaries, surveys, logs, work sampling, estimating, and observation. In some cases, researchers wanted to ascertain simple distributions of how school library media specialists spent their time, but others have focused on how outside influences such as automation, scheduling, and support staff affect time use.