bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An attempt to reconstruct the Stalingrad diocese in 1947
Authors: Bartenev Grigory
Published: December 2023

This article analyzes the attempt to reconstruct the Stalingrad diocese in 1947, by tearing it away from the Astrakhan and Stalingrad diocese. This action, which was generally useful for the Church and promised better management of the Volga dioceses, had completely opposite goals and was disguised as church unrest among the laity of Stalingrad, since it was carried out under the control of the authorized Council for the Affairs of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Stalingrad region S.B. Kositsyn and involved the appointment of a former renovationist to the Stalingrad cathedra - priest Nikolai Potapov. The purpose of this attempt was to obtain the maximum possible control over the new diocese, authorized by the Council. The study of this problem was carried out on the basis of the investigation file of Archpriest Potapov, archival documents of the Council for the Affairs of the Russian Orthodox Church for 1944-1947. (GA RF), as well as their comparative analysis with the documents of the authorized Council for the Stalingrad region from the archive of the Volgograd region (GA VO). The article shows the chronology of development and the reasons for the emergence of church turmoil, as well as its participants and the degree of their involvement in the events. The role of the bishop in the healing of church disorders that arose as a result of the provocative actions of workers of the Soviet authorities in relation to the Russian Orthodox Church is reflected.
The knight’s fall: personification of Pride in Southern French hagiography and iconography of the 11th — early 12th centuries
Authors: Yarnykh Vera
Published: December 2023

The paper explores the dismounted knight as the personification of Pride in the context of Southern French art and hagiography of the 11th–12th centuries. This motif is based on the Psychomachia, the Late Antique allegorical poem by a 4th-century Christian poet Prudentius that visualizes a series of combats between Virtues and Vice. The key point in the sequence is the battle between Humility and mounted Pride culminating in the fall of the latter into the pit. The metaphor of Pride brought low literally visualized as the fall of a proud she-warrior from her steed resonates in the literature of the 11th–12th century. In the society where the image of an armed horseman is strongly associated with a member of the secular elite, the classical motif acquires a new social dimension. The Southern French hagiography of the 11th – early 12th century adapts it to the stories of punishment and derision of violent knights. Since the late 11th century allegorical figures of Virtues and Vices pass from the manuscript pages of illuminated treatises to the sculpted and painted decor of Romanesque churches. The Prudentius’ armed and armored she-warriors grow progressively abstract in this novel visual space. Following this development, Pride is the only vice to show little change in the way it is visualized. Within the iconographic programs of some church spaces mostly oriented towards constructing a social model using hagiographical topoi, Pride comes to be the only vice to keep her military attributes. Still personified as the dismounted cavalier, Pride becomes part of the universal eschatological perspective of the Last Judgment within the carved portal of the basilica of Sainte-Foy de Conques. The image has a local parallel in the episode of a knight’s fatal fall in the 11th century Book of Miracles of Saint Foy, with recent events remodeled on the episode of Prudentius’ learned poem. Thus, the image of a dismounted knight comes to stay in the visual allegory of the Middle Ages as an articulation of the aristocratic vice, one of the military elite. Starting as a mere episode in the allegorical combat of Virtues and Vices, the motif of Pride’s fall is shown to crystallize into a self-sufficient iconographic formula and literary topos.
Little-known facts of biography of archbishop Ermogen (Golubev) in the late 1940s
Authors: Pavlov Dmitriy
Published: December 2023

Archbishop Hermogenes (Golubev) is one of the most prominent hierarchs of the Russian Orthodox Church of the second half of the twentieth century. His figure has already attracted the attention of researchers. However, there are still gaps in his biography, one of which is the question of how he came to serve in Central Asia — a place where he was particularly noted in the struggle for the Church during the Khrushchev persecution. The proposed article is intended to fill this gap. It examines the period of service of Archimandrite Hermogenes (Golubev), during which he was moved from the Intercession Cathedral of Astrakhan to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra and further to Samarkand. New sources are introduced into scientific circulation — letters from Archimandrite Hermogenes to his cellarer, Agafya Vasilevna Krasulina, thanks to which the circumstances of these relocations are revealed. The motives of the participation of Archbishop Philip (Stavitsky) of Astrakhan and Stalingrad, as well as Patriarch Alexy (Simansky) in these events are analyzed.
The problem of relations with common people in the activities of the Imperial Orthodox Palestinian Society (late 19th — early 20th centuries)
Authors: Polunov Alexander
Published: December 2023

The activities of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society (IOPS), founded in 1882, reflected important trends in the socio-political and ideological development of Russia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Created mostly on order to strengthen the political influence of Russia in the Holy Land, and to assist the pilgrims arriving there, the IOPS, from the point of view of its founders, had another extremely important task – to develop the contacts between the power structures and the conservative upper classes of society with the masses of the common people. Seeking to reach this goal, the IOPS launched the extensive publishing activities, established its local departments in the dioceses and organized there the so-called popular readings dedicated to the Holy Land. In the course of these activities, a number of problems emerged related to the question of the ways and mechanisms of interaction between an educated society and the masses. It was necessary to realize what subjects and forms of presentation of the material would attract the people to the greatest extent, what forms of communication should be used, how much the consciousness of the intelligentsia differs from the system of ideas of the social lower classes. The solution of these issues was supposed to help strengthen the religious foundations of people's self-consciousness in the period of growing socio-political turbulence. The conservative leaders of IOPS also believed that developing of the above-mentioned activities would give them the opportunity to comprehend the peculiarities of the common people’s worldview. The beginning of the revolution in 1905, the development of secularization tendencies and the aggravation of social contradictions did not allow the IOPS to fulfill the intended program. However, its activities became an important page in the history of Russia in the pre-revolutionary period.
“Correct network...”: Trans-Baikal department of the Elizavetinsky committee during World War I as a regional model of interaction between the state and society in the field of charity
Authors: Sevostyanova Elena
Published: December 2023

On the basis of archive materials, the author analyzes the activity of the Trans-Baikal branch of the Committee of Her Imperial Majesty Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna on providing charitable aid to the families of persons called up for military service (ZOKEF). In the article, organizational, financial and human resources are identified, as well as the main types of the aid. The author tries to analyze the role of the military Governor, the regional elite, and various social and professional groups. When the organizing the ZOKEF they found an option that didn’t infringe the independence of other charitable associations of the region. In 1915 they established a network of eight County commissions of SOKEF, which opened more than 155 units. A study of the dynamics of ZOKEF activity showed that since the spring of 1915, the main activity was provision of agricultural aid: hiring the extra labor force, the supply of agricultural machinery. This aid united the agronomic service, trusteeship agencies, and cooperatives under the leadership of ZOKEF. An important area of the work was to support those associations that were engaged in the childcare. The author identified behavioral strategies of the participants of ZOKEF.
Biblical figures in the Great Canon of Andrew of Crete and in the Book of lamentations by Grigor Narekatsi
Authors: Rogozhina Anna
Published: December 2023

The Great Canon, composed in the early 8th century by St. Andrew, the archbishop of Gortyna in Crete, became an integral part of the Great Lent services of the Orthodox Church and thus acquired the status of the main penitential hymnographic work. It abounds with examples from the Old and New Testaments: St. Andrew describes persons and events from biblical history, starting from the creation of the first man, and uses them to reflect the moral state of man, deriving from their actions both warnings and reproofs, as well as examples of hope and trust in the mercy of the Creator. The mystical poem The Book of Lamentations, written by the Armenian hymnographer Grigor, a monk and vardapet of the Narek monastery, in the very first years of the 11th century (presumably in 1002), also sets the incitement of a repentant mood in the soul of the reader together with contrition for sins as one of its aims, in which it intersects very closely with the Great Canon. A certain similarity in the approach to the use of biblical figured between these two penitential works, although belonging to different Christian traditions, had been noted by those few researchers who were familiar with both the Great Canon and The Book of Lamentations, but a closer study of this similarity – or, on the contrary, differences in the approach of the authors – has not yet been undertaken. This paper will attempt to compare the exegetical principles of these great Christian poets on the examples taken from the Old Testament.
The classification of concentration of mixture of analytes
Authors: Baronas Romas , Ivanauskas Feliksas , Maslovskis Romualdas , Vaitkus Pranas
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a system which is used for the classification of biosensor signals. The proposed system is applied to the the synthesized and experimental data. The developed system showed good prediction perfomance.
The decay of mechanical oscillations in piecewise linear system
Authors: Zaksienė Genovaitė
Published: December 2023

The application of the dynamical dampers in the mechanical systems, when the sources of stimulation are impossible to abolish, is one of the ways to fight against the harmful vibrations. The linear dynamical damper of nonlinear systems can compensate the force of stimulation in wide diapason of frequency. The parameters of dynamical system where dynamical damper exists more effectively are determined.
Wavelet analysis of remote photoplethysmographic signals for heart rate and variability estimation
Authors: Nakonechnyy Adrian
Published: December 2023

The paper analyzes the heart rate estimation algorithm in real-time using remote photoplethysmography. It is noted method for estimating the plethysmography signal and heart rate variability using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) can get proper results, which ensures the operation of the remote photoplethysmography approach in real-time. The analysis of the developed method was carried out to processing the photoplethysmography using DWT allows to qualitatively evaluate the net signal and draw conclusions about the heart rate and variability of the human cardiovascular system. The choice of the detector and rPPG method ensures high performance and the ability to scale the system on different platforms. Based on the conducted wavelet transformation, a principle was formed that ensures obtaining a true plethysmogram without interference and noises, for further research and analysis of the human cardiovascular system
Short Oral Antibiotic Therapy for Pediatric Febrile Urinary Tract Infections: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Montini Giovanni , Tessitore Antimo , Console Karen , Ronfani Luca , Barbi Egidio , Pennesi Marco ,   STOP Trial Group
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) in well-appearing children is conventionally treated with a standard 10-day course of oral antibiotic. The objective of this study is to determine the noninferiority (5% threshold) of a 5-day amoxicillin-clavulanate course compared with a 10-day regimen to treat fUTIs.

METHODS

This is a multicenter, investigator-initiated, parallel-group, randomized, controlled trial. We randomly assigned children aged 3 months to 5 years with a noncomplicated fUTI to receive amoxicillin-clavulanate 50 + 7.12 mg/kg/day orally in 3 divided doses for 5 or 10 days. The primary end point was the recurrence of a urinary tract infection within 30 days after the completion of therapy. Secondary end points were the difference in prevalence of clinical recovery, adverse drug-related events, and resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and/or to other antibiotics when a recurrent infection occurred.

RESULTS

From May 2020 through September 2022, 175 children were assessed for eligibility and 142 underwent randomization. The recurrence rate within 30 days of the end of therapy was 2.8% (2/72) in the short group and 14.3% (10/70) in the standard group. The difference between the 2 groups was –11.51% (95% confidence interval, –20.54 to –2.47). The recurrence rate of fUTI within 30 days from the end of therapy was 1.4% (1/72) in the short group and 5.7% (4/70) in the standard group (95% confidence interval, –10.4 to 1.75).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates that a 5-day course is noninferior to a 10-day course of oral amoxicillin-clavulanate.
Socio-Demographic Aspects of Migration and Their Impact on the Sustainability of the Development of Southern Russian Regions
Authors: Chernova Olga A.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the significant role of population migration in ensuring regional development. At the same time, the economic consequences of migration are largely determined by the characteristics of migration flows. The purpose of this article is to determine the impact of socio-demographic features of migration flows in the southern Russian regions on the indicators of their sustainable development.

Materials and Methods. Methods of descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of socio-demographic characteristics of migration flows. To test the hypothesis about the impact of socio-demographic characteristics of migration flows on the sustainability of regional development, a correlation analysis of panel data using Excel tools was used. The source of the information was the data of the Federal State Statistics Service for the regions of the Southern Federal District, traced in dynamics from 2002 to 2021.

Results. It is established that migration processes in the southern Russian regions demonstrate both positive and negative effects on individual components of their sustainable development. The strength and direction of this impact is largely determined by the socio-demographic characteristics of migration flows. A strong positive relationship between migration indicators and economic and environmental indicators of sustainable development is demonstrated for almost all regions. The impact on the social sphere is ambivalent. At the same time, there is a rather strong influence of the gender characteristics of migration flows on the socio-ecological aspects of life.

Discussion and Conclusion. Migration will contribute to increasing the sustainability of the development of regional economies only while simultaneously solving the tasks of creating jobs, improving social conditions and preserving the environment. The findings emphasize the need for regional authorities to take into account the socio-demographic structure of migration flows when developing strategies for socio-economic development and can be useful in conditions of increasing geopolitical instability.
Elszakítva a repülőgéptől: katapultszékkel történő vészelhagyás interpretációjának vizsgálata a vadászpilóta-vadászrepülőgép kapcsolat szempontjából
Authors: Bukovenszki Emőke , Dúll Andrea
Published: December 2023

Háttér és célkitűzések: A vadászrepülőgép és a vadászpilóta lélektani kapcsolatáról és a gépről való leválási folyamatról szóló pszichológiai kutatások alulreprezentáltak a szakirodalomban. Kutatásunk célja – a repülési szociofizikai környezetről szóló kutatásaink szerves részeként – annak megértése volt, hogy katapultálás során a vadászrepülőgéptől való elszakítottság milyen lélektani tapasztalatot jelent a pilóta számára, és a késleltetett katapultálási folyamatok esetében milyen ember-gép kapcsolat tárható fel a pilóták elbeszélése alapján. Módszerek: Kvalitatív kutatási stratégiával dolgoztunk, az adatgyűjtés során félig strukturált interjúkat vettünk fel – a környezetpszichológiai kontextus megtartása miatt − a pilóta egyik saját munkaközegében, repülőtéren. Mintánkat katapultszékkel történő vészelhagyást átélt magyar vadászpilóták alkották. Az elemzést Interpretatív Fenomenológiai Analízis segítségével végeztük. Eredmények: A résztvevők a gépi környezettel való pszichológiai összekapcsoltságukról számoltak be, amely nem tudatosuló módon befolyásolhatta a katapultálási döntés késleltetését, a gépről való leválás megkezdését. Következtetések: Az eredmények megerősítik annak fontosságát, hogy az ember–környezet (gépi szociofizikai környezet) tranzakciót érintő területeket is célozzák meg a repülőgép-balesetek és -halálesetek csökkentése érdekében mind a pilótaképzésben, mind pedig a repülőgép-balesetek elemzésekor.
Az akne egészségpszichológiai vonatkozásai
Authors: Csontos Anna Zsófia , Rigó Adrien
Published: December 2023

A tanulmány célja az akne pszichoszociális jellemzőinek áttekintése. A betegség biomedikális szakirodalma bőséges, kezelésében is inkább ez a szemlélet érhető tetten. Ugyanakkor a kutatási eredmények arra hívják fel a figyelmet, hogy az érintettek élményeinek mélyebb megértése, a betegséggel való együttélés támogatása, az életminőség emelése komplexebb, biopszichoszociális keretben valósulhat meg hatékonyabban. A tanulmány sorra veszi azokat az ismereteket, amelyek jól példázzák, hogy az aknéval élők életminősége milyen mértékben, s milyen területeken érintődik leginkább, s próbálja felvázolni azokat a pszichológiai és pszichofiziológiai folyamatokat, amelyek az interakciók hátterében állhatnak. Kitér a mentális zavarok (depresszió, szorongás) gyakori előfordulására, a testkép negatív érintettségére, a stigma élményére, valamint a lehetséges társas következményekre. Ismerteti a streszszel kapcsolatos eredményeket és fő mechanizmusokat, az életmóddal kapcsolatos, legrelevánsabb kérdéseket, valamint felhívja a figyelmet az egyéni kezelési tervek és pszichológiai intervenciók fontosságára. Az áttekintő tanulmány a komplex, biopszichoszociális kezelés szükségessége melletti érveléssel zárul, s felvázolja azokat a területeket, ahol a pszichológusoknak vagy más, mentális egészséggel (is) foglalkozó szakembereknek kiemelt feladatai lehetnek.
A bőrgyógyászati páciensek komplex pszichodermatológiai ellátásának szükségessége
Authors: Német Borbála , Rigó Adrien , Sárdy Miklós
Published: December 2023

A kutatások eredményei megerősítették, hogy a pszichoszociális tényezők (például a megterhelő stresszhatások) jelentős szerepet játszanak a dermatológiai páciensek életminőségének romlásában, bőrtüneteinek kiújulásában és fennmaradásában, amellett az adherenciát is befolyásolják. A szakirodalmi adatok szerint az életminőség romlására leginkább hatást gyakorló bőrbetegségek a pikkelysömör (psoriasis), a kontakt dermatitis, az atópiás dermatitis, a csalánkiütés (urticaria), a hajbetegségek (alopecia), a lepra, avagy Hansen-kór, a hegek, a túlzott mértékű izzadás (hyperhidrosis) és a genitális humán papilloma vírus. Ennek ellenére a bőrgyógyászati ellátás a jelenlegi magyarországi gyakorlatban a legtöbb esetben a biomedikális kezelésekre összpontosít. A pszichoszociális faktorok interdiszciplináris, komplex pszichodermatológiai felmérése és a pszichoszociális ellátásba kerülés (ez alatt értve az osztályos pszichológust és pszichiátert, vagy a kerületi pszichiátriai gondozót, vagy egyéb pszichoterápiás, támogató központot) nem szisztematikus, hanem leggyakrabban eseti jellegű. A szakirodalom által javasolt multidiszciplináris hozzáállás és kezelés elérhetősége igen szűk körben és csak néhány kiemelt központban valósul meg hazánkban. Fontosnak tartjuk ezért bemutatni azokat a szakirodalmi eredményeket, amelyek a komplex pszichodermatológiai ellátás mellett érvelnek, valamint felvázolni a javasolt kezelési modelleket. A pszichodermatológiai kombinált klinikák bevezetése – mivel csökkenti a pontatlan diagnózisok számát, a hatástalan kezelések arányát és a szükségtelen beutalások mennyiségét – költségcsökkentő megoldást jelenthet a bőrgyógyászati betegségek és a pszichológiai és pszichiátriai komorbid zavarok kezelésében. Jelen tanulmányban a szerzők javaslatot tesznek az első orvos–beteg találkozó során alkalmazható pszichoedukációra és gyors mentális állapotfelmérésre, és arra, hogy miként érdemes kiegészíteni a pszichokután betegséggel élő páciensek klinikai anamnézisét. Javasolnak egy, a bőrgyógyászati betegségek esetén alkalmazható pszichológiai szűrőcsomagot, majd a tanulmány végén az igazoltan hatékony támogató csoportok és pszichoterápiás egyéni, csoportos és online önsegítő intervenciók bevezetése mellett érvelnek.
A krónikus bőrgyógyászati betegségek pszichológiai megközelítése – a pszichodermatológia szerepe, fő kihívásai és feladatai
Authors: Német Borbála , Sárdy Miklós , Magyar Adrienn , Albert Dorottya , Kohutics Karina , Rigó Adrien
Published: December 2023

A bőrbetegségeket világszerte a negyedik legnagyobb terhet jelentő, nem végzetes népegészségügyi problémákként azonosították, amelyek mind az érintettek, mind pedig az egészségügyi ellátórendszer számára komoly kihívást jelentenek. A bőrbetegségek kialakulásában és lefolyásában a pszichoszociális tényezők, a megterhelő életesemények és a stressz sok esetben komoly szerepet játszanak, elszenvedőit gyakran romló életminőség jellemzi, és igen gyakoriak a komorbid pszichoszociális zavarok. Az utóbbi időben növekszik a száma azoknak a szakirodalmi tanulmányoknak, amelyek a pszichodermatológiai betegségek osztályozásának egységesítése mellett érvelnek, a klinikai praxis színvonalának javítása, a bőrbetegséggel élők jobb megértése, valamint a különböző szakmák (bőrgyógyászok, háziorvosok, pszichiáterek, pszichológusok) közös fogalmi rendszerének kialakítása érdekében. E tanulmányok a pszichodermatológiai megbetegedéseket négy fő csoport és további alcsoportok szerint osztályozzák. Cikkünkben bemutatjuk az új osztályozási rendszerre tett javaslatokat, valamint a pszichodermatológia, vagy pszichokután medicina tudományterületét, interdiszciplináris szemléletmódját, amely célul tűzte ki, hogy egyaránt figyelmet fordít a bőrgyógyászati megbetegedések biológiai, pszichés, valamint szociális komponenseire. A klinikai praxis során a pszichodermatológiai szemléletmód és az interdiszciplináris – azaz komplex – kezelés hiányában sok esetben az érintett populáció állapotának stagnálását vagy romlását figyelhetjük meg. Ám a szakirodalmi eredmények alapján a pszichodermatológiai szemléletmód pszichoszociális tényezőinek integrálásával, például pszichoszociális állapotfelméréssel, és a hagyományos kezelést kiegészítő pszichoszociális kezelések segítségével a bőrgyógyászati megbetegedéssel küzdők állapota javítható. A bőrbetegséggel élők ellátásának javítására tett irány elvek szakirodalmi áttekintése alapján javasoljuk az egészségügyi ellátó személyzet és a szakemberek pszichodermatológiai edukációját, valamint a komplex ellátáshoz szükséges feltételek megteremtését.
Production of phenylalanine-reduced soymilk for phenylketonuria patients
Authors: Taşdemir Yasemin , Gölge Evren
Published: December 2023

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary disease caused by the deficiency of phenylalanine (Phe) hydroxylase enzyme or its cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin. Treatment involves a Phe-restricted diet, although food options are limited. Soymilk, derived from soybeans, is a functional food with nutritional benefits. In this study, soymilk was produced and hydrolyzed with protease of Aspergillus oryzae and papain, and then activated carbon was used to remove Phe for PKU patients. The second-derivative spectrophotometry method was used to determine Phe content in soymilk. The results showed no significant difference in dry matter, fat, and crude fiber between soymilk and Phe-extracted soymilk with respect to the control group (P < 0.05). Soymilk’s protein content was calculated as 2.74% (w/w) and that of Phe-reduced soymilk as 1.94% (w/w). Similarly, consecutive Phe content was 40.53 mg/L and 5.09 mg/L. After hydrolization, the calculated Phe removal rate was 87.44% (w/w), and the protein content was reduced by 29.19% (w/w). The study demonstrates that Phe-reduced soymilk is suitable for PKU patients, thus reducing the need for imported products and offering new market opportunities.
PRÁTICAS DE EDUCAÇÃO DOMÉSTICA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL FEMININA (1908-1930)
Authors: Nascimento Francinaide de Lima Silva
Published: December 2023

Apresenta a Educação Profissional destinada às mulheres a partir da análise do Ensino Doméstico em sua gênese europeia e repercussões no Brasil, nas décadas de 1910 e 1930. Fundamenta-se em jornais, livros e dicionários pedagógicos, legislação educacional e programas de ensino. Constatou-se que as edições do Congresso Internacional de Ensino Doméstico eram a referência para a configuração de ideias e práticas. O trabalho doméstico realizado pelas mulheres passou a ser legitimado como um papel social de relevância, por delimitar um espaço de ofícios ou ocupações, seja a partir de um preparo profissional para a atuação enquanto professoras primárias, administradoras de instituições ou mesmo de sua inserção no ensino agrícola. Era uma prática que legitimava a transmissão de um habitus, espaço de autodeterminação para a emancipação pessoal, social e profissional destinado às mulheres.
Productivity and foreign direct investment in the services sector: an econometric analysis
Authors: Lopes Coimbra Juliano César , Gandra de Carvalho Ana Catarina , Polloni Silva Eduardo , Fernando Moralles Herick
Published: December 2023

Purpose: Our study seeks to measure the impact of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) in the services sector on the productivity of municipalities in the state of São Paulo.
Theoretical framework: FDI in the services sector has become increasingly important for emerging economies due to the spillover effects, which can boost regional economic development.
Methodology/Approach: This study uses econometric modeling to measure the impact of services FDI at the municipal level in the state of São Paulo, the most FDI-intensive region in Brazil. To do so, this study employs an unbalanced panel of data that includes all FDI-receiving municipalities in the state between 2010 and 2016.
Findings: Our results point to a positive relationship between FDI in services sectors and municipal productivity.
Research, practical & social implications: This study outcomes offer valuable perspectives for the formulation of public policies aimed at attracting foreign investments. They also have important implications for the service sector and could be a reference for future studies on the subject.
Originality/ Value: This study addresses FDI in emerging countries, an important discussion given the impact of this type of investment on economic development and social indicators. In addition, this paper expands the FDI literature beyond the manufacturing sector.
Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment; Foreign Direct Investment in Services; Spillovers; Productivity.
LOW-CARBON INITIATIVES IN THE PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY AND THE CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE CARBON MARKET IN BRAZIL
Authors: Vasiulis Ferreira Rodrigues Nayra , Badiale Silveira Marina , Freitas Camargo Vaz Daiane , De Camargo Fiorini Paula
Published: December 2023

Purpose: This paper analyzes the low-carbon initiatives of Brazilian pulp and paper companies, highlighting their relevance to the national carbon market.Methodology/Approach: The adopted method consists of documentary research, using secondary data from sustainability reports and institutional websites of the pulp and paper companies studied. The study analyzed the five largest companies in the sector in Brazil. Findings: The pulp and paper companies analyzed adopt low-carbon practices, such as emission inventory, eco-efficient operations, replacement of fossil fuel-based products, sustainable products, and biomass utilization. In the carbon market, they operate through certifications, carbon sequestration projects, and credit sales.Research, practical & social implications: The study provides a detailed analysis of the decarbonization strategies adopted by companies in the pulp and paper sector, establishing a robust theoretical basis for understanding low-carbon economy practices.Originality/ Value: By demonstrating paths to sustainability, this work offers guidelines for companies within and outside the pulp and paper sector, driving the adoption of more environmentally friendly practices.Keywords: low-carbon economies; carbon-neutral companies; carbon market; net-zero emissions practices.
Longing for Better Law - On Legal Development and the Plurality Issue
Authors: Benitez-Schaefer Florencia
Published: December 2023

Amidst plural claims for the recognition and respect of diversity, not only the structures but also the very rationale of modern law have shown problematic limitations. In this paper, I argue that a core challenge for contemporary socio-legal transformation relies on how modern law is called to relate to difference and development in order to fulfill its promise of preventing or resolving conflicts. This is, I argue, the result of law’s embeddedness in a modern sociolect that pervades social interaction with a double appeal. It compels equally to reject dogmas as much as to fix one position that is argued as ‘the’ (most) rational one. This paper combines the socio-linguistic theory of Peter V. Zima with an inquiry on the relation between modern law and development in the historical context of world-encompassing colonialism and sociological research on legal development in recent Latin American history, more specifically using the example of the Colombian Constitutional reform in 1991. On this basis, I argue that the strained relation of law with plurality is determined by the modern sociolects it is embedded in along with the notion of ‘development’, independently of the political ideology that concrete projects pursue. While ‘early-modern’ conceptions of law aim to (dis)solve differences, ‘late-modern’ ones are trapped in ambivalent ‘solutions’ that leave the door open to all sorts of power-abuse. On this transdisciplinary ground the paper aims to provide tools for reflection on current processes of legal reform.
O revisionismo histórico nas comemorações do golpe civil-militar de 1964 durante o governo Bolsonaro (2019-2022)
Authors: Zimmermann Ana Carolina
Published: December 2023

O objetivo geral deste artigo consiste em problematizar as narrativas comemorativas divulgadas pelo governo Bolsonaro nos aniversários do golpe civil-militar de 1964, questionando a permanência de elementos discursivos de caráter revisionista e negacionista sobre a ditadura militar brasileira. A análise está centrada nas Ordens do Dia publicadas pelo Ministério da Defesa no dia 31 de março, entre os anos de 2019 e 2022. Os resultados indicam que a narrativa revisionista presente nas Ordens do Dia encontra-se fundamentada em estruturas discursivas construídas desde o golpe e a ditadura militar brasileira. Dentre os argumentos evocados, consta a ênfase para o apoio popular, a retórica anticomunista e a reelaboração positivada do passado ditatorial, omitindo a violência e a perseguição política. Ademais, o destaque conferido à Lei da Anistia como “pacto pacificador” e o interesse em compreender a ditadura “em seu próprio contexto histórico” articula-se ao desejo encerramento do passado autoritário e a promoção do esquecimento.
CORROSION PREDICTION OFMAGNESIUM IMPLANT USING MULTISCALE MODELING BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS
Authors: Mondal Santu , Samanta Rahul , Shit Sahadeb , Biswas Arindam , Bandyopadhyay Atul , Dhar Rudra Sankar , Mandal Gurudas
Published: December 2023

Significant thoughtful research is really necessary to improve the patient outcomes and reduce the social and financial burdens associated with implant failure. The primary focus of the researchers is to minimize the major implant failure due to corrosion attributed to making orthopedic surgery safer and more effective. Hence, a critical review has been done in this present article on the various multiscale modelings based on machine learning algorithms (MLAs) to predict the corrosion behavior of magnesium (Mg) alloy implants. According to the best of the authors' knowledge, all the available multiscale modelings tools, such as artificial neural network (ANN), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model, multiple linear regression and random forest regression (RFR) models, etc., are methodically presented and discussed in detailed here for the prediction of corrosion mechanism. Subsequently, various multiscale model tools and assessment metrics for models have been thoroughly compared and criticized for better understanding and optimizing of the corrosion behavior of implants. The comparison indicates that the RFR model may be the best option, whereas the LASSO regression model and ANNs show inefficient performance for the prediction of corrosion behavior. Apart from the multiscale modeling approach, the authors have also explored the physiology and properties of alloys, bone implant, immune and tissue system, and the corrosion control mechanisms of Mg alloy. Finally, the present review on multiscale modeling approach and assessment metrics models will enhance the knowledge and understanding of the corrosion behavior of Mg alloy for implant application.
Improving the pozzolanic reactivity of clay, marl and obsidian through mechanochemical or thermal activation
Authors: Baki Vahiddin Alperen , Ke Xinyuan , Heath Andrew , Calabria-Holley Juliana , Terzi Cemalettin
Published: December 2023

This research investigated the physicochemical properties and pozzolanic reactivity of mechanochemically and thermally treated clay, marl, and obsidian as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The results suggest that the mechanochemical treatment of clay and marl resulted in delamination, dehydroxylation, and amorphisation of the mineral components (including calcite); while for obsidian, the main effect was particle size reduction. Among all samples prepared, the mechanochemically treated obsidian exhibited the best performance as a SCM and achieved marginally higher strength performance at 20% cement replacement compared with the CEM I cement mortar (with on SCM). The thermally activated clay and marl exhibited highest pozzolanic reactivity than the mechanochemically treated counterparts owning to the formation of free lime from calcination of calcite. However, the mechanochemically treated clay and marl were still able to achieve over 80% of the strength activity index and performed much better than the untreated materials. These results indicate that mechanochemical treatment can effectively improve the pozzolanic reactivity of clay minerals that contain calcite up to 68% without directly emitting process CO2 to the environment (calcination of carbonates), which can be an alternative activation route to the high-temperature calcination-treatment method.
Isatuximab Monotherapy for Desensitization in Highly Sensitized Patients Awaiting Kidney Transplant
Authors: Vincenti Flavio , Bestard Oriol , Brar Amarpali , Cruzado Josep M. , Seron Daniel , Gaber A. Osama , Ali Nicole , Tambur Anat R. , Lee Helen , Abbadessa Giovanni , Paul Jo-Anne , Dudek Markus , Siegel Ruby J. , Torija Alba , Semiond Dorothée , Lépine Lucie , Ternes Nils , Montgomery Robert A. , Stegall Mark
Published: December 2023

Significance Statement

There is no standardized desensitization regimen for kidney transplant candidates. CD38, expressed by plasma cells, could be targeted for desensitization to deplete plasma cells producing alloantibodies and donor-specific antibodies. Few studies and case reports are available regarding the use of CD38 antibodies for desensitization in patients awaiting kidney transplant. This study shows that isatuximab, a CD38-targeting therapy, was well tolerated in kidney transplant candidates, with a durable decrease in anti-HLA antibodies and partial desensitization activity. The short treatment period and long follow-up of this study allowed for the understanding of the mechanism and timing for any antibody rebound. Isatuximab could be further investigated as an option for adjunct therapy to existing desensitization for patients on the kidney transplant waitlist.

Background

Patients with calculated panel reactive antibody (cPRA) ≥80.00%, particularly those with cPRA ≥99.90%, are considered highly sensitized and underserved by the Kidney Allocation System. Desensitization removes circulating reactive antibodies and/or suppresses antibody production to increase the chances of a negative crossmatch. CD38 is expressed highly on plasma cells, thus is a potential target for desensitization.

Methods

This was an open-label single-arm phase 1/2 study investigating the safety, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary efficacy of isatuximab in patients awaiting kidney transplantation. There were two cohorts, cohorts A and B, which enrolled cPRA ≥99.90% and 80.00% to <99.90%, respectively.

Results

Twenty-three patients (12 cohort A, 11 cohort B) received isatuximab 10 mg/kg weekly for 4 weeks then every 2 weeks for 8 weeks. Isatuximab was well tolerated with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles that indicated similar exposure to multiple myeloma trials. It resulted in decreases in CD38+ plasmablasts, plasma cells, and NK cells and significant reductions in HLA-specific IgG-producing memory B cells. Overall response rate, on the basis of a predefined composite desensitization end point, was 83.3% and 81.8% in cohorts A and B. Most responders had decreases in anti-HLA antibodies that were maintained for 26 weeks after the last dose. Overall, cPRA values were minimally affected, however, with only 9/23 patients (39%) having cPRA decreases to target levels. By study cutoff (median follow-up of 68 weeks), six patients received transplant offers, of which four were accepted.

Conclusions

In this open-label trial, isatuximab was well tolerated and resulted in a durable decrease in anti-HLA antibodies with partial desensitization activity.

Clinical Trial registration number

NCT04294459.
Effect of the neuropeptide compound His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pro-Gly-Pro on the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in conditions of stress-induced depression
Authors: Yasenyavskaya A. L.
Published: December 2023

Depression, being a heterogeneous disorder, is one of the most pressing problems in medicine, due to its high prevalence and the development of severe consequences, both medical and social. Currently, there is an urgent need to study the pathophysiological pathways that determine the development of depression in order to identify targets for the development of innovative multi-targeted drugs.

Objective: to study the effect of the neuropeptide compound His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pro-Gly-Pro on the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in conditions of stress-induced depression.

Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on non-linear male rats 6 months old. age, in the amount of 50 individuals. A depressive-like state was modeled by providing constant sensory contact in rats and daily confrontations for 20 days, forming submissive and aggressive types of behavior.

Results. It has been established that His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pro-Gly-Pro in conditions of stress-induced depression helps restore the cytokine profile, reducing the level of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6) and increasing the level of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 , IL-10).

Conclusion. The results obtained allow us to consider stress-induced depression as an immune-mediated condition, which determines the need to develop new therapeutic and preventive methods taking into account immunological etiological and pathogenetic mechanisms. Analysis of key cytokines of neuroimmune interactions (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10) in animals exposed to a stress factor that induces the development of depression under the influence of the neuropeptide compound His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Pro-Gly- Pro showed that one of the ways to realize the action of this substance with a neuropeptide structure is to restore cytokine regulation.
On the issue of exoskeletal rehabilitation of shoulder periarthritis after a gunshot wound of the scapular area
Authors: Vorob'ev A. A. , Barinov A. S. , Barinova E. A. , Andryushchenko F. A.
Published: December 2023

Modern comprehensive treatment of wounded and injured with combat injuries of limbs should include not only surgical treatment itself, but also effective rehabilitation for maximum restoration of the function of injured limbs. The use of exoskeletons in the rehabilitation of patients with shoulder blade and shoulder joint injuries can accelerate muscle strengthening, restore motor activity and range of motion, as well as improve the results of treatment and the quality of life of patients. The use of exoskeletons in the rehabilitation of patients with shoulder blade and shoulder joint injuries is an effective and promising approach.
Erythrocyte antigen kel1 in a new form of disease history
Authors: Pokhabov D. S. , Fomina A. Yu. , Shestakov E. B. , Zhiburt E. B.
Published: December 2023

The accumulated scientific data on the clinical significance of phenotyping antigens of the Kell blood group system were studied. The Elibrary and Pubmed libraries were searched for articles using the keywords “Kell” and “transfusion”, and the validity of the requirement to determine the antigen of the Kell blood group system by current regulations was assessed.

The purpose of the determination of the K antigen (KEL1) is practically not very clear. Theoretically, in a K-positive patient, zygosity should be determined by determining the k antigen (KEL2). With the KK phenotype, there is a risk of alloimmunization with the k antigen. However, it is extremely difficult to find a KK-positive donor compatible with ABO and RhD phenotypes. In fact, the risk of alloimmunization with the KEL2 antigen of a KK-positive recipient is considered acceptable and individual donor selection can be made for recipients of multiple transfusions or alloimmunized individuals.

In the Elibrary library, 62 publications were found for the term “Kell”. None of them described a patient with the KK phenotype, let alone alloimmunization with the k antigen.

Anti-k is rare, even in large laboratories 1 case is detected within several years of observation. The last transfusion hemolytic reaction caused by immunization to KEL2 was described in 1969.

Conclusion. Russian regulations require the transfusion of RBCs that are compatible for the KEL1 antigen, but there is no definition of such “compatibility”. World and domestic historical experience testify to the possibility of transfusion to K-positive recipients, both K-positive and K-negative erythrocytes. If there are no K-positive donor erythrocytes in the hospital, the mandatory determination of the KEL1 antigen in potential recipients of donor blood can be excluded.
The use of prognostic scales to assess the effectiveness of the use of anti-cytokine drugs in patients with moderate and severe course of a new coronavirus infection
Authors: Nagumanov S. V. , Abdrashitova A. T. , Popov E. A.
Published: December 2023

The aim. To analyze the effectiveness of the use of anti-cytokine drugs (tocilizumab, olokizumab and sarilumab) in a single-center retrospective cohort study based on the prediction of clinical outcomes using prognostic scales, with a single administration in patients with moderate to severe course of a new coronavirus infection.

Materials and methods. The retrospective cohort study included three groups of patients with single administration of tocilizumab (65 patients), olokizumab (56 patients) and sarilumab (26 patients). All patients were treated in a repurposed infectious diseases hospital for patients with COVID-19 on the basis of Аlexandro-Mariinskaya Regional Clinical Hospital in the period January- August 2021. Upon admission to the hospital and 2 days after administration of the drug, patients were predicted the severity of the course and outcome using prognostic scales: 4C Mortality Score, COVID-GRAM, SHOCS-COVID.

Results. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the use of anti-cytokine drugs using the 4C Mortality Score scale revealed a further deterioration in the prognosis of clinical outcome in the groups receiving tocilizumab (p = 0,002) and sarilumab (p = 0,031). When using the COVID-GRAM predictive scale, further deterioration of the prognosis was also noted in the tocilizumab (p = 0,004) and olokizumab (p = 0,005) groups. The SHOCS-COVID scale showed a further deterioration in the prognosis in the tocilizumab group (p = 0,001).

Conclusion. The use of drugs based on monoclonal antibodies against IL-6 and its receptors in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 did not reveal significant positive dynamics in changing the prognosis of clinical outcome 2 days after administration of these drugs.
Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction before surgery: high-sensitivity troponin T or amino-terminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide type B?
Authors: Petrova O. V. , Tverdokhlebova D. K. , Shashin S. A.
Published: December 2023

Currently, there are data in the literature about the importance of the aminoterminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide type B in the diagnosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction.

The aim. To study preoperative levels of aminoterminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide type B and high-sensitivity troponin T in patients with acute myocardial infarction and to assess the significance of aminoterminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide type B in patients with this pathology.

Materials and methods. We retrospectively analyzed 50 medical records of patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction.

The results. Study of preoperative levels of aminoterminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide type B in patients with acute myocardial infarction showed that the values of aminoterminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide type B at hospital admission ranged from 127 to 600 pg/ml; correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r =-0,42, p < 0,05), severity of acute heart failure (r =+0,57, p < 0,05), and outcome of acute myocardial infarction (r =+0,45, p < 0,05). Assessment of the value of aminoterminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide type B in patients with acute myocardial infarction on the basis of comparison with high-sensitivity troponin T revealed no advantages of its use in this pathology as a marker of acute cardiomyocyte damage: aminoterminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide type B has less diagnostic and prognostic value than high-sensitivity troponin T. Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction before surgery: highly sensitive troponin T or aminoterminal fragment of pro-brain natriuretic peptide type B?