bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Critical Review of Women’s Consumption and Empowerment in China
Authors: Wang Simei , Geraldine Chan Kim Ling , Abdullah Azlina
Published: February 2024

As Chinese women become more educated and participate in the labor force, they earn more money independently. At the same time, thanks to China's one-child policy, women have gained more intergenerational wealth. The economic foundation allowed Chinese women to play bigger power in the consumer market, and a phenomenon called "Her Economy" since 2007. The improvement of discourse power and economic empowerment of Chinese women in the consumer market rendered them better achieve self-empowerment. However, female behavior is also shaped by society, and female consumption is more likely to be influenced by consumer culture and become the background board of consumer society, and women find it difficult to achieve real empowerment through consumption. Although the existing literature has explored this issue, the research field has not been extended to Chinese female consumers, and the theoretical perspective of empowerment is lacking. Thus, this paper reviews women’s consumption and empowerment in China from a critical perspective.
Generalization of Deep-Learning Models for Classification of Local Distance Earthquakes and Explosions across Various Geologic Settings
Authors: Maguire Ross , Schmandt Brandon , Wang Ruijia , Kong Qingkai , Sanchez Pedro
Published: February 2024

Although accurately classifying signals from earthquakes and explosions at local distance (<250 km) remains an important task for seismic network operations, the growing volume of available seismic data presents a challenge for analysts using traditional source discrimination techniques. In recent years, deep-learning models have proven effective at discriminating between low-magnitude earthquakes and explosions measured at local distances, but it is not clear how well these models are capable of generalizing across different geological settings. To address the issue of generalization between regions, we train deep-learning models (convolutional neural networks [CNNs]) on time–frequency representations (scalograms) of three-component earthquake and explosion signals from eight different regions in the continental United States. We explore scenarios where models are trained on data from all regions, individual regions, or all but one region. We find that although CNN models trained on individual regions do not necessarily generalize well across different settings, models trained on multiple regions that include diverse path coverage generalize to new regions, with station-level accuracy of up to 90% or more for data sets from unseen regions. In general, CNN-based discrimination models significantly outperform models based on uncorrected P/S ratio (measured in the 10–18 Hz frequency band), even when CNN models are tested on data from entirely unseen regions.
Pemetaan Potensi Desa Banjarejo melalui Pembuatan Masterplan Desa Berbasis Eco-Tourism
Authors: Ariestadi Dian , Ansyorie M. Musthofa Al , Alfianto Imam , Revantoro Nemesius Bambang , Ichwanto M. Aris
Published: February 2024

Banjarejo Village is one of the Assisted Partner villages of Universitas Negeri Malang (UM) located in the administrative area of Pakis District, Malang Regency. As a lowland village, Banjarejo has significant potential for water resources, vegetable farming, and freshwater fisheries, making it an ideal rural tourist destination. The village's location on the route of community movement from Malang City to Malang Regency and vice versa, as well as its proximity to the Pakis toll exit, make it a likely pass-through point for many tourists travelling to Bromo. This objective observation is supported by the village's location. This plan should be developed with the assistance of universities, using scientific and technological expertise. Banjarejo Village has untapped potential in agriculture, animal husbandry, and other fields. To fully utilise these resources, a village potential masterplan is required. The masterplan should encompass all aspects of the village's potential.

Desa Banjarejo merupakan salah satu desa Mitra Binaan Universitas Negeri Malang (UM) yang berada dalam kawasan administratif Kecamatan Pakis Kabupaten Malang. Sebagai desa dengan wilayah dataran rendah, Desa Banjarejo memiliki banyak potensi sumber daya air, pertanian sayur, serta perikanan air tawar yang menjadikan peluang bagi Desa Banjarejo untuk berkembang menjadi destinasi wisata pedesaan. Hal tersebut didukung pula dengan lokasi desa yang berada pada jalur perpindahan masyarakat dari Kota Malang menuju Kebupaten malang dan sebaliknya, dimana dengan posisi desa yang tidak jauh dari exit tol pakis maka tidak menutup kemungkinan banyak wisatawan terutama yang berasal dari luar Malang untuk berwisata menuju Bromo dapat dipastikan melewati wilayah Desa Banjarejo ini. Beberapa potensi desa yang telah ataupun belum diketahui di Desa Banjarejo membutuhkan sentuhan IPTEKS dari perguruan tinggi untuk dibuat dalam bentuk masterplan potensi desa. Masterplan potensi desa yang dimaksud dalam hal ini adalah seluruh potensi desa baik dibidang pertanian, peternakan, dan bidang-bidang lainnya.
Chemical chaperone TUDCA selectively inhibits production of allergen-specific IgE in a low-dose model of allergy
Authors: Chudakov D.B. , Shustova O.A. , Kotsareva O.D. , Generalov A.A. , Streltsova M.S. , Vavilova Yu.D. , Fattakhova G.V.
Published: February 2024

The cellular response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress accompanies plasma cell maturation and is one of triggers and cofactors of the local inflammatory response. Chemical chaperones, low-molecular substances that eliminate pathological ER stress, are proposed as means of treating pathologies associated with ER stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect and mechanisms of influence of chemical chaperones on the humoral response in a low-dose model of allergy. The allergic immune response was induced in BALB/c mice by repeated administration of ovalbumin at a dose of 100 ng for 6 weeks. Some animals were injected with both the antigen and the chemical chaperones, TUDCA (tauroursodeoxycholic acid) or 4-PBA (4-phenylbutyrate). Administration of TUDCA, but not 4-PBA, suppressed production of allergen-specific IgE (a 2.5-fold decrease in titer). None of the chemical chaperones affected the production of specific IgG1. The effect of TUDCA was associated with suppression of the switch to IgE synthesis in regional lymph nodes. This phenomenon was associated with suppressed expression of genes encoding cytokines involved in type 2 immune response, especially Il4 and Il9, which in turn could be caused by suppression of IL-33 release. In addition, TUDCA significantly suppressed expression of the cytokine APRIL, and to a lesser extent, BAFF. Thus, TUDCA inhibition of the allergy-specific IgE production is due to suppression of the release of IL-33 and a decrease in the production of type 2 immune response cytokines, as well as suppression of the expression of the cytokines APRIL and BAFF.
Expression of AhR-regulated miRNAs in non-small cell lung cancer in smokers and never smokers
Authors: Kalinina T.S. , Kononchuk V.V. , Valembakhov I.S. , Pustylnyak V.O. , Kozlov V.V. , Gulyaeva L.F.
Published: February 2024

Smoking is a risk factor for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The most common subtypes of NSCLC are lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The cigarette smoke contains aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands, such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). By activating the AhR, BaP can change the expression of many genes, including miRNA-encoding genes. In this study, we have evaluated the expression of few miRNAs potentially regulated by AhR (miR-21, -342, -93, -181a, -146a), as well as CYP1A1, a known AhR target gene, in lung tumor samples from smoking (n=40) and non-smoking (n=30) patients with LAC and from smoking patients with SCC (n=40). We have also collected macroscopically normal lung tissue >5 cm from the tumor margin. We compared the obtained data on the miRNA expression in tumors with data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We found that in 76.7% of non-smoking LAC patients, CYP1A1 mRNA was not detected in tumor and normal lung tissues, while in smoking patients, CYP1A1 expression was detected in tumors in almost half of the cases (47.5% for SCC and 42.5% for LAC). The expression profile of AhR-regulated miRNAs differed between LAC and SCC and depended on the smoking status. In LAC patients, the expression of oncogenic miRNA-21 and miRNA-93 in tumors was higher than in normal lung tissue from the same patients. However, in SCC patients from our sample, the levels of these miRNAs in tumor and non-transformed lung tissue did not differ significantly. The results of our studies and TCGA data indicate that the expression levels of miRNA-181a and miRNA-146a in LAC are associated with smoking: expression of these miRNAs was significantly lower in tumors of smokers. It is possible that their expression is regulated by AhR and AhRR (AhR repressor), and inhibition of AhR by AhRR leads to a decrease in miRNA expression in tumors of smoking patients. Overall, these results confirm that smoking has an effect on the miRNA expression profile. This should be taken into account when searching for new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for NSCLC.
Percepciones de profesores y alumnos sobre la adquisición de competencias mediante el aprendizaje basado en proyectos (ABP) en la enseñanza bilingüe
Authors: Sánchez García Rosa
Published: February 2024

El Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABP) ha adquirido recientemente un papel primordial en la educación con una nueva respetabilidad y un creciente número de defensores. Su concepción como un enfoque pedagógico que abarca los conceptos básicos de investigación, reflexión, producción, complejidad y rigor a la hora de abordar cuestiones relevantes para los estudiantes y la sociedad ha llevado a considerar al ABP como una estrategia educativa transformadora y un catalizador de competencias. Sin embargo, son escasas las investigaciones sobre las percepciones de estudiantes y profesores acerca del ABP y el Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos y Lenguas Extranjeras (AICLE) implementados en paralelo. Este artículo pretende dar a conocer los resultados de un estudio de investigación llevado a cabo en tres centros de primaria y secundaria de Sevilla (España) para investigar el nivel de desarrollo competencial alcanzado por los alumnos cuando trabajan por proyectos en un contexto de aprendizaje bilingüe. El estudio se ha realizado de forma híbrida con método cuantitativo y cualitativo siguiendo una metodología exploratoria tipo encuesta para la que se han diseñado dos cuestionarios ad hoc, dirigidos y adaptados a las dos unidades muestrales seleccionadas para nuestro estudio: profesores y alumnos. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que el trabajo por proyectos activa una serie de habilidades que pueden transferirse a situaciones de la vida real, permitiendo a los estudiantes ser social y académicamente competentes, siendo asimismo una actividad prometedora para socializar y promover el aprendizaje de idiomas.
From Syntax to Phraseology
Authors: García Rosa Rodrigo
Published: February 2024

This article presents the main grammatical characteristics of English constructions generally referred to as complex transitive constructions (Quirk et al., 1985), causative resultatives (Goldberg and Jackendoff, 2004) and caused-motion constructions (Goldberg, 1995, 2006, 2018). It is claimed, in light of some empirical corpus-based studies (Hampe, 2010; Rosa, 2020; Xia, 2017) that low-level phraseological constructions such ‘talk some sense into somebody’ play a crucial role in motivating the entrenchment and use of highly schematic caused motions such as ‘Frank sneezed the foam off the cappuccino’. In order to support this view with empirical data, we present the analysis of 1284 caused-motion utterances extracted from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), out of which we were able to identify 12 fixed expressions and 9 statistically attested phraseologisms. At last, we discuss the implications that such relationship between grammar and phraseology may present in the understanding of schematic structures such as the caused motion.
Optimization of Load Frequency Control Gain Parameters for Stochastic Microgrid Power System
Authors: D. Murugesan , K. Jagatheesan , Shah Pritesh , Sekhar Ravi
Published: February 2024

Interconnected multi-area microgrids are vital for the future of sustainable and reliable power systems. Effective load frequency control (LFC) is indispensable for ensuring their stable operation. This paper introduces a PID-based LFC system tailored for a stochastic microgrid with diverse power sources, including solar, wind, diesel engine generators, and electrical batteries. The gain parameters of the proposed microgrid PID LFC controller are optimized using genetic algorithms (GA), teaching learning-based optimization (TLBO), and cohort intelligence algorithms. Integral time-multiplied absolute error (ITAE) and integral time-squared error (ITSE) serve as the cost functions for all optimization algorithms. The study evaluated the performance of these optimized microgrid PID LFC configurations under random step load disruptions. Our primary findings reveal that the cohort intelligence-optimized PID LFC controller excels in minimizing computation time (upto 76% and 94% lesser than GA and TLBO respectively) and exhibits superior robust response characteristics. Moreover, the cohort intelligence algorithm requires fewer iterations (upto 66% and 90% lesser than GA and TLBO respectively) and enhances power supply quality within the multi-power microgrid electrical framework, specifically in terms of effective load frequency control.
An observational study of predictive factors for fever and sepsis following percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Authors: Pratap Vishnu , Sayed Ali Abbas , Kharade Manoj , Pawar Prakash , Sawant Ajit , Ahmed M. Hamid Shafique , Shewale Raunak , Trivedi Umang , Dange Sanjay , Dalvi Jaydeep , Chiddarwar Amit , Chaudhari Sanket
Published: February 2024

Background: Although percutaneous nephrolithotomy is considered a safe procedure, it is not without complications. Certain preoperative and intraoperative factors if not identified and adequately treated in time can lead to complications ranging from post operative fever to urosepsis which may seldom lead to mortality. The aim of our study is to identify those factors so as to prevent complications and promote patient safety.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of the patients undergoing PCNL from January 2020 to January 2023 was done. A total of 235 patients were included in the study and associated factors analyzed statistically. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square test.
Results: We found five factors which significantly correlated with postoperative sepsis, namely, stone size >30 mm, staghorn calculus, prolonged operative time >120 min, significant bleeding requiring transfusion and pre operative urine culture positive.
Conclusions: Sepsis following PCNL is not uncommon. Progression to urosepsis maybe life threatening. Decreasing operative time decreases bleeding and related complications as well. Prophylactic antibiotics is recommended in PCNL procedure owing to its clean contaminated/contaminated surgical procedure.
Diabetic foot and lower limb amputations at tertiary hospitals underscore the need for organised foot health services at primary healthcare level
Authors: Motsepe Tshepang Arthur , Machowski Andrew , Maritz Shaan Marthinus
Published: February 2024

An epidemiological link between diabetes and early mortality has been reported in literature with the cause of death being mainly ischaemic heart diseases. However, a diabetic foot is a common and serious complication of diabetes with a lifetime risk of developing a foot ulcer estimated at 15-25%. Therefore, local (foot disease) and systemic (cardiovascular disease) issues should be attended to in the management of diabetes, and this emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary team approach. A diabetic foot is defined as worsening sepsis, ulcerations, necrosis or destruction of tissues of the foot in a diabetic patient due to a complex interaction of disorders in the immune function, in the nervous and vascular systems. An improved clinical outcome is associated with wound adjunctive treatments in complementing the standard management protocol which embodies the TIME principles (tissue debridement, infection control, adequate moisture balance to promote tissue granulation in the wound bed and edges of the wound should be free from undermining).
Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in riverine communities in Nigeria’s Niger delta: implications for community-based interventions
Authors: Fajola Akinwumi O. , Isara Alphonsus O. , Alali Aloni , Adetula Bunmi , Akenge Suodei
Published: February 2024

Background: The global burden of non-communicable diseases is enormous, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study assessed the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus and associated factors among adult residents of riverine communities in Niger delta region of Nigeria.
Methods: A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study. Adults aged 18 years and above residing in riverine communities who attended a free medical outreach programme were screened for hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Anthropometry and measurements were done using standard methods. Data was analysed using SPSS version 26.
Results: Of the 1597 participants, 1066 (66.6%) were females, 470 (29.4%) overweight and 356 (22.3%) were obese. Their mean age was 41.0±14.5 years. The prevalence of hypertension diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia was 37.6%, 3.9% and 65.6% respectively. Significant predictors of hypertension were age ≥40 years (OR =3.86, CI: 2.59-5.75, p<0.001), male sex (OR=1.78, CI: 1.19-2.65, p=0.005), overweight (OR=1.92, CI: 1.19-3.11, p=0.008) and obesity (OR=1.73, CI: 1.05-2.85, p=0.032). No statistically significant association between demographic characteristics and diabetes mellitus was observed.
Conclusions: The high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the riverine communities calls for an urgent need to set up community based noncommunicable diseases prevention programmes and then develop and implement effective targeted interventions to help residents of the riverine communities diagnosed with these conditions to better manage the disease.
Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the psycho-socioeconomic health of families in Enugu metropolis, Enugu state
Authors: Chisom Euphrasia Ononugbo , Nvene Victor Ositadinma , Chukwukasi Kassy Wilson , Owhonda Golden Chukwuemeka , Nvene Esther Okwuchi , Ekwueme Osaeloka C.
Published: February 2024

Background: The aggressive COVID-19 restrictive mitigation measures of lockdown by nations are with consequent effects on the populations. This study aimed to assess the psychological and socio-economic effects of COVID-19 lockdown among families in Enugu metropolis, Enugu state, Nigeria.
Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study of 409 household heads in Enugu metropolis. Data were analyzed using IBM statistical package 23.0 and test of significance set at 0.05.
Results: The mean age of respondents was 37.2±8.7 years. Majority, 83.1% were restricted in movement. Stress (5.9%) and sexual abuse (6.5%) were noted psychological effects. About 44.3% were not satisfied with life, basic social services of market (34.2%), banking (23.5%) and educational services (9.3%). Also 44.5% were not satisfied with their economic situation as 35.2% had their working conditions affected, 30.3% complain of price increase and 20.0% had restriction to basic needs. Coping strategies adopted were reduced food ration (27.9%), low wages (22.5%) and sale of assets (6.8%).
Conclusions: The psychological and socio-economic effects of COVID-19 lockdown significantly affected quality of life. Population will benefit from economic subsidies, psychotherapy and information, communication and technology (ICT) skills for learning and working from home.
A knowledge, attitude and practices based study to know the awareness and acceptance of contraceptive methods in married couples coming to well-baby clinic of a tertiary care centre in Panvel, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Raut Sonal Milind , Wadke Rishikesh Ajit , Srinivas Chittuuri Subrahmanya , Gaikwad Rupali
Published: February 2024

Background: Family planning plays a major role in improving the financial, nutritional, educational, social well-being of a family as a unit. To study the level of knowledge, attitude and practices of various family planning methods in eligible couples.
Methods: Prospective Qualitative study was carried out from June 2021 - December 2022 on data of 180 eligible couples selected randomly from Well-Baby Clinic, collected through pretested and validated standardized questionnaire. Sample size was estimated scientifically. Results were arrived by descriptive statistical tests and correlational statistics using software’s like excel, SPSS.
Results: The level of knowledge of contraceptive methods was 89.44% for OC pills, 67.08% depot medroxyprogesterone, 97.22% condoms, 84.03%, IUCD, 93.56% for female and 98.04% for male sterilization. Overall acceptance of any type of contraception was 55%, most commonly used method being condoms i.e.78.49%, OC pills 12.90%, IUCD 6.35%, depot 1.37% and 45% were using natural methods. Major factors affecting acceptance were desire to have more children, hesitancy to seek, lack of knowledge, decision making power of a woman in the family.
Conclusions: Since our research finds contraceptive acceptance at 55% much lower than state average, we look into components of gender dynamics and offer array of choices to couples so that a well informed choice free of gender bias is taken. Continuity of personalized and dignified couple counseling from preconceptional, antenatal to postnatal period is emphasized to increase contraceptive acceptance. We recommend well baby clinics as effective point of delivery for family welfare activities using gender sensitive cafe-teria approach.
Prevalence of noise-induced health hazards and occupational safety practices among welders in Mysuru city: a cross-sectional study
Authors: A. J. Keerthik , Shabadi Nayanabai , M. Mounika Sree
Published: February 2024

Background: Occupational exposure to noise is a significant concern in the welding industry, posing potential health hazards to workers. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of noise-induced health hazards, knowledge regarding these hazards, and the practice of preventive measures among welders in Mysuru City.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted and data was collected from welders in Mysuru City, including noise exposure levels, perceived stress levels, insomnia prevalence, and demographic characteristics. The association between the number of years of noise exposure and auditory/non-auditory health effects was analysed. Participants' awareness of noise-induced health hazards and the use of protective equipment were also evaluated.
Results: The study included male participants, predominantly below 30 years of age, with a majority (74.3%) belonging to the Muslim community. Decreased hearing (11.5%) and sleep disorders (3%) were reported by participants. About half (53.7%) were aware of noise-induced health hazards, with a high usage of safety glasses but limited use of earplugs. Most had exposure to noise for less than 5 years. Moderate levels of perceived stress and low prevalence of insomnia were observed. Significant associations were found between the number of years of noise exposure and both auditory/non-auditory health hazards, as well as between age category and auditory health effects.
Conclusions: The study reveals the prevalence of noise-induced health hazards among welders in Mysuru City and highlights the importance of promoting occupational health and safety measures. Raising awareness and encouraging the use of protective measures are crucial to mitigate the adverse effects of noise exposure in the welding industry.
A study on indoor air pollution and its impact on health in urban field practice area: a community-based study
Authors: Sasi Arun P. , Udgiri Rekha S.
Published: February 2024

Background: As per the 2022 World Air Quality Report, India holds the eighth position globally for air pollution, with Karnataka in South India experiencing notably poor air quality, leading to 95 deaths per 100,000 population annually. Indoor air pollution poses substantial health risks, contributing to conditions such as pneumonia, stroke, diabetes, lung cancer, and premature mortality.
Methods: This study, conducted from April to July 2023 in the urban area of UHTC, Chandabowdi, aimed to assess indoor air pollution's impact. Using simple and systematic random sampling, 128 household members were surveyed through in-person interviews with ethical clearance.
Results: Of 128 participants, 44% reported respiratory symptoms, and 94% practiced unsanitary waste disposal. Ventilation issues affected 32.8%, while 75.8% reported neighborhood pollution. LPG was the primary fuel source for 97.7% of households, indicating significant environmental and health concerns.
Conclusions: Urgent action is needed to address indoor air pollution's health impacts. Clean technologies, improved building design, and lifestyle changes are essential to mitigate risks. Continuous monitoring and collective efforts are necessary for a healthier and sustainable future.
Incidence of hypertension and its risk factors: a systematic review
Authors: Sekhon Charan Kamal , Kaur Ramandeep , Airi Monika
Published: February 2024

Hypertension is a persistent, metabolic condition indicated by elevated blood pressure levels. Since hypertension comes with no warning signs, mostly people are not aware of it. The aim of the study was to assess the change in the prevalence of hypertension among adults of Punjab and Haryana and to investigate its risk factors. Medline, Web of Science and Scopus databases from 2009 to 2023 were searched for ‘prevalence, burden, awareness, and control of blood pressure (BP) or hypertension (≥140 SBP and or ≥90 DBP) among Indian adults’ (≥18 years).  The incidence of hypertension varied from 32.4 to 88.2 percent in male subjects and 30 to 84.7 percent in female subjects. Hypertension was more prevalent among males of Punjab and Haryana. Whereas females were more hypertensive in different districts of Haryana. The considerable upward trend has been observed over the time, among males and females in both Punjab and Haryana, yet awareness and control rates are comparatively low. Various researchers have discovered that younger the age of beginning of hypertension, the higher the decline in life expectancy if raised blood pressure is not managed.
Multiple animal bite injuries in a child: a case report
Authors: Krishna Arjun , Reji Aswathy Susan , Pinheiro Carol , T. S. Sudhiraj , John Meenu Sara , G. Remya , Jose Jerrin Maria
Published: February 2024

Animal bites are a leading cause of injury among children, of which dog bites contribute significantly to the burden of Rabies in the world. This was a case report of a 7-year-old migrant girl child who was admitted to the casualty as a victim of multiple stray dog bite injuries. The child presented with multiple and extensive lesions all over the body. Trauma related to animal bites cause not just physical pain and suffering but also emotional stress and carries the risk of Rabies which is a highly fatal disease. Prompt management of the case with post exposure prophylaxis against Rabies needs to be done immediately, along with wound management to ensure good treatment results and patient outcome. This report presents the case of a child who sustained multiple stray dog bite injuries all over the body. Patient was followed up for one month, showed good wound healing and recovery.
A review on vitamin B12 deficiency induced by metformin
Authors: Sireesha Vankodoth , Sumaya  , Pravarsha  , Varun Kompalli , Fatima Faiqu , Sultana Shafeen
Published: February 2024

Multiple studies have established a higher prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients who have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metformin is prescribed as the 1st line oral glucose-lowering medication for individuals with T2DM. However, metformin therapy has been linked to vitamin B12 malabsorption, which can result in both biochemical and clinical manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency. The long-term use of metformin is associated with a significant decrease in vitamin B12 levels, particularly in doses greater than 2000 mg per day over a period of 4 years. Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin. It acts as a cofactor for enzymes involved in DNA synthesis and neuroprotection at the cellular level. Hence, vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to various clinical consequences, including hematologic abnormalities such as megaloblastic anemia and hypersegmented neutrophil formation, peripheral neuropathy, and progressive axonal demyelination, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). The latest "standards of medical care in diabetes-2017" issued by the American diabetes association recommends periodic assessment of B12 status and, if necessary, the use of B12 replacement therapy in diabetic patients taking metformin. In order to address the vitamin B12 deficiency associated with metformin several therapies are available including prophylactic supplements of calcium and vitamin B12, discontinuation of metformin, and replenishment of vitamin B12 stores through intramuscular or oral therapy. It is important to regularly monitor vitamin B12 levels for at least annually to prevent complications of vitamin B12 deficiency and continue with supplementation if metformin is still being used.
Mental health: a stigma and neglected public health issue and time to break the barrier
Authors: Choudhary Aditya , Jasrotia Aakriti , Kumar Abhishek
Published: February 2024

Global mental health, impacting over a billion individuals, is addressed by the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2023 special initiative for mental health, targeting accessible community-based care for 100 million people. The complexity of mental health dynamics, influenced by diverse factors, shapes an individual's position on the continuum. Depression and suicide rates highlight the global crisis, with 970 million affected in 2019. India grapples with a treatment gap and economic implications, exacerbated by mental health stigma. Neglected in public health agendas, mental health imposes a significant burden, necessitating targeted policies and interventions. Breaking barriers requires collective efforts, including celebrity advocacy, organizational initiatives, and public education. Global interventions focus on suicide prevention through access restriction and responsible media reporting. Child and adolescent mental health necessitate policies promoting well-being and caregiver support, as seen in India's Mental Healthcare Act of 2017. In conclusion, global mental health, a priority, faces persistent barriers, particularly stigma. Urgent action is needed to integrate mental health into broader public health strategies, dismantle discriminatory practices, and ensure equitable access to care for a future prioritizing universal well-being.
Oxygenation during Endobronchial Ultrasound
Authors: Jayakrishnan B , Gonuguntla Hari Kishan
Published: February 2024

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Narrativas e cosmovisões: em busca de significado sobre o Desenvolvimento na sociedade contemporânea (Paper 564)
Authors: Costa Maíla Machado , Da Silva Fábio Carlos
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo analisa a relação entre narrativas e cosmovisões na constituição das sociedades humanas e suas implicações na concepção do desenvolvimento. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica das obras mais recentes e relevantes sobre o tema. Os resultados permitiram afirmar a existência e a pertinência da relação entre eles. Constatou-se o papel e a importância das narrativas na constituição dos seres, das sociedades e do desenvolvimento. Isso porque toda realidade pessoal e social é construída como produto das narrativas. Portanto, todo o cosmos que sustenta a existência dos seres (pensamentos, atitudes, omissões, fé, preconceitos, afeições, identidade, valores, etc.) e das sociedades (costumes, cultura, instituições, política, economia, etc.) é resultado de narrativas, ou melhor, fruto da dominação de quem as controla. Assim como o conceito de desenvolvimento é produto da dominação da narrativa hegemônica colonizadora, a Narrativa Sagrada de Capital e Mercados.Palavras-chave: Narrativas. Cosmovisões. Desenvolvimento.
Dylematy podstaw prawnych i ochrony nietypowych form zatrudnienia
Authors: Gersdorf Małgorzata
Published: February 2024

Artykuł przedstawia przyszłość zatrudnienia, zakres podporządkowania zatrudnionych i wskazuje na konieczność podjęcia prac badawczych nad typami umów pracy o zatrudnienie.
Suicidal and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Behaviors: A Primer for Rehabilitation Counselors
Authors: Tseng Yen Chun , Ditchman Nicole
Published: February 2024

Rehabilitation counselors have a unique role in addressing suicidal and self-injury thoughts and behaviors in people with disabilities. Adults and adolescents with disabilities are at increased risk of suicide and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), necessitating that rehabilitation counselors possess the knowledge and skills to respond systematically and effectively. To address this need, rehabilitation counselors should have access to sufficient education and ongoing training on self-injury terminology, prominent theories, ethical and legal issues related to research and practice, risk/protective factors, and risk assessment processes and instruments. The objective of this article is to provide rehabilitation counseling professionals with an overview of research on suicidality and NSSI, including a review of existing literature related to specific disability groups. Key issues and recommended considerations for rehabilitation counselors are highlighted, including training, risk assessment, evidence-based practice, ethical considerations, self-awareness, and supervision and support.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Jambu Metesebagai Pengganti Enramycin terhadap Performa Pertumbuhan Ayam Layer Jantan
Authors: Ginting Elgio Venanda , Fatwa Anisa , Dimar Stephanus Ardi , Albab Luthfiana Ulil , Setiawan Haris , Saragih Hendry Trisakti
Published: February 2024

Permintaan terhadap daging dan telur yang tinggi memicu peternak untuk menambahkan antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) kedalam formulasi pakan dengan tujuan meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan hewan ternak. Penggunaan antibiotik sintetis pada unggas telah dilarang karena menyebabkan efek negatif terhadap kesehatan manusia. Ekstrak etanolik daun jambu mete (EDJM) mengandung metabolit sekunder yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti antibiotik sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh EDJM sebagai pengganti AGP sintetis. Penelitian ini menggunakan 150 ekor ayam layer jantan yang dibagi kedalam ;ima kelompok, yaitu kelompok K (kontrol; pakan basal), P1 (perlakuan 1; Enramycin 0,0125%), P2 (perlakuan 2; Enramycin 0,025%), P3 (perlakuan 3; EDJM 0,5%) dan P4 (perlakuan 4; EDJM 1%). Setiap kelompok terdiri atas tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati yaitu performa pertumbuhan, morfologi usus halus, performa otot dan morfometri. Ekstrak EDJM dengan konsentrasi 1% yang diberikan pada kelompok P4 dapat memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap performa pertumbuhan serta asupan pakan harian, namun nilai feed convertion ratio (FCR) terendah dicapai oleh kelompok P3. Pemberian EDJM pada kelompok P4 dapat meningkatkan morfologi usus halus (duodenum, jejunum dan ileum) serta morfologi muskulus pektoral secara signifikan (P≤0,05). Kelompok P4 juga menunjukkan hasil pengukuran morfometri yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (P≤0,05) dibandingkan dengan kelompok perlakuan lain. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa EDJM 1% dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti AGP sintetis seperti antibiotik Enramycin.
Perception of Brazilians on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Low-Carbon Economy
Authors: Ribeiro Rossana Parizotto , Espuny Ana Lígia Gil , Hermes Andrea Burmeister Morais , Andriolli Elaine Marisa
Published: February 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the significance of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the context of the Low Carbon Economy (LCE) through a quantitative and descriptive approach. The research aims to identify and understand the relationships between the 17 SDGs and their impact on the promotion of sustainable development, particularly in mitigating climate change-related issues.
Method: The research employed a quantitative and descriptive methodology, utilizing a survey conducted in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. The survey was designed to gather data from respondents representing civil society, government, and companies in the region. Participants were asked to evaluate the importance and influence of each of the 17 SDGs on the Low Carbon Economy.
Results: The research findings reveal substantial relationships between the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Low Carbon Economy (LCE), as perceived by the respondents. The results indicate that all SDGs play a significant role in influencing the LCE. These findings emphasize the interconnectedness of sustainable development goals and their potential to drive the transition to a Low Carbon Economy.
Conclusions: The study highlights the crucial role of Sustainable Development Goals in promoting a Low Carbon Economy. By fostering the use of renewable energy sources and sustainable practices, the LCE offers a solution to reduce environmental damage and work towards achieving sustainable development.
Análise da mortalidade fetal em uma maternidade terciária do estado do Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Oliveira Ayane Layne de Sousa , Oliveira Viviane de Sousa , Pessôa Neto José Armando , Miranda Luisa Rolim , Feitosa Francisco Edson de Lucena , Paiva Jordana Parente
Published: February 2024

Objetivos: Identificar as principais causas de mortalidade fetal em uma maternidade terciária do estado do Ceará. Metodologia: Coorte retrospectivo descritivo com análise de prontuários no período de 17 de agosto a dezembro de 2018 na Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand em Fortaleza-CE. Foi utilizada a plataforma Redcap para consolidação dos dados. Resultados: Foram avaliados um total de 48 casos, sendo identificadas 39,6% de causa materna, 33,3% de causa fetal, 12,5% dos óbitos como causa indeterminada, 10,4% devido alteração de líquido amniótico, 4,2% de causa placentária. O principal fator relacionado à causa materna foi doença hipertensiva, representando 73,7% dos casos; diabetes 10,5%; lupus, uso de drogas e outras causas representaram 5,3% cada. No presente estudo, foram identificados 58,7% de óbitos fetais tardios, quando existe boa vitalidade fetal. Logo, se os riscos tivessem sido detectados precocemente, a idade gestacional da resolução poderia ter sido melhor programada, evitando o desfecho negativo. Conclusão: Óbito fetal é um importante marcador de qualidade de serviço. Pré-natal de qualidade e assistência hospitalar adequada diminuiriam as taxas de óbitos evitáveis. Mesmo existindo profilaxia na gestação, as síndromes hipertensivas, por exemplo, ainda são uma importante causa de óbito fetal. A mortalidade fetal é um problema de saúde pública e pode estar relacionada a uma má assistência à saúde.
Protocolo de diagnóstico e tratamento de Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) em adultos no Hospital Universitário Wálter Cantídio (HUWC)
Authors: Mota Andrea Dantas , Vasconcelos Bruno Strauss Timbó , Landim Gustavo Câmara , Siqueira Maria da Glória Fontenelle Araújo , Carvalho Vivian Ribeiro , Costa de Brito Nara Fabíola
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Apresentar o protocolo para diagnóstico e tratamento de Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) em pacientes adultos atendidos no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio. Metodologia: Uma revisão de literatura narrativa foi feita para buscar informações atualizadas sobre o tema, visando construir um protocolo que possa facilitar o diagnóstico e tratamento do transtorno. Dos cinco protocolos mundiais de tratamento para o TDAH no adulto, foram escolhidos como referência o National Institute for health and Care Excellence (NICE) e o Canadian Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Resource Alliance (CADDRA), por terem sido atualizados mais recentemente, em 2018. Ademais, foram utilizadas referências clássicas, como o DSM-5, bem como artigos publicados, nos últimos cinco anos, por grupos de estudo do tema. Resultado: Com base nas evidências levantadas, foi elaborado um fluxograma contemplando recomendações para diagnóstico e tratamento de TDAH em adultos. Conclusão: O protocolo proposto pode auxiliar a equipe assistencial no diagnóstico e tratamento de TDAH em pacientes atendidos no HUWC, evitando-se assim o desenvolvimento de quadros psiquiátricos secundários, tais como ansiedade, depressão e transtorno por uso de substâncias.
Sensory attributes and quality perception of red natural wines: a comparative study in Spain and France
Authors: Ballester Jordi , Belascoin Mirian , Gonzalez-Hernandez Marivel , Parga-Dans Eva , Alonso González Pablo , Saenz-Navajas Maria-Pilar
Published: February 2024

Although the definition of natural wine remains contested and still lacks official recognition, it can be broadly described as a wine made with organic or biodynamic grapes without oenological additives in the cellar and minimal intervention in all winemaking stages. Despite growing interest in natural wines, uncertainty prevails about their sensory and quality attributes among both consumers and experts. In light of this research gap, this study aims to determine, first, if there are specific sensory dimensions allowing to differentiate natural wine as a wine category from conventional wines; second, if this sensory dimension affects the perception of the quality; and third, to characterise the physicochemical differences in terms of basic oenological parameters between natural wines and their conventional counterparts. To do so, 24 red wines (12 self-defined as natural and 12 conventional wines) were sensory and chemically characterised. The sensory evaluation was first carried out by winemakers from Spain. It consisted of a descriptive task (labelled sorting task) followed by a quality evaluation under two conditions: with and without information regarding the production method. A second panel of French experts carried out the same quality assessment, also with and without information. The aim was to find out whether expectations existed linked to each type of wine and to explore potential cross-cultural effects. The results of the labelled sorting task showed that natural wines tended to be different from conventional wines, but the difference was not clear-cut. However, natural wines were perceived to be of lower quality than their conventional counterparts, both with and without the information provided, regardless of the origin of winemakers. Results of the chemical analysis showed that natural wines presented higher values for volatile and total acidity and turbidity, while they had lower values for total and free sulphur. The study points to the existence of sensory dimensions with an impact on overall quality associated with the production method.
Intelligent fuzzy back-stepping observer design based induction motor robust nonlinear sensorless control
Authors: Abed K. , Zine H. K. E.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The control algorithm of Induction Motor (IM) is massively dependent on its parameters; so, any variation in these parameters (especially in rotor resistance) gives unavoidably error propagates. To avoid this problem, researches give more than solution, they have proposed Variable Structure Control (VSC), adaptive observers such as Model Reference Adaptive System, Extended Luenberger Observer (ELO) and the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), these solutions reduce the estimated errors in flux and speed. As novelty in this paper, the model speed observer uses the estimated currents and voltages as state variables; we develop this one by an error feedback corrector. The Indirect Rotor Field Oriented Control (IRFOC) uses the correct observed value of speed; in our research, we improve the observer’s labour by using back-stepping Sliding Mode (SM) control. Purpose. To generate the pulse-width modulation inverter pulses which reduce the error due of parameters variations in very fast way. Methods. We develop for reach this goal an exploration of two different linear observers used for a high performance VSC IM drive that is robust against speed and load torque variations. Firstly, we present a three levels inverter chosen to supply the IM; we present its modelling and method of control, ending by an experiment platform to show its output signal. A block diagram of IRFOC was presented; we analyse with mathematic equations the deferent stages of modelling, showed clearly the decoupling theory and the sensorless technique of control. The study described two kinds of observers, ELO and EKF, to estimate IM speed and torque. By the next of that, we optimize the step response using the fuzzy logic, which helps the system to generate the PI controller gains. Both of the two observers are forward by SM current controller, the convergence of SM-ELO and SM-EKF structures is guaranteed by minimizing the error between actual and observed currents to zero. Results. Several results are given to show the effectiveness of proposed schemes.
Smart current control of the wind energy conversion system based permanent magnet synchronous generator using predictive and hysteresis model
Authors: Zine H. K. E. , Abed K.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Given the increasing demand for performance and efficiency of converters and power drives, the development of new control systems must take into account the real nature of these types of systems. Converters and dimmers power are nonlinear systems of a hybrid nature, including elements linear and nonlinear and a finite number of switching devices. Signals input for power converters are discrete signals that control the ‘opening and closing’ transitions of each component. Problem. In the multilevel inverters connected to grid, the switching frequency is the principal cause of harmonics and switching losses, which by nature, reduces the inverter’s efficiency. Purpose. For guarantee the satisfying quality of power transmitted to the electrical grid, while ensuring reduction of current ripples and output voltage harmonics. Novelty. This work proposes a new smart control, based on a predictive current control of the three level neutral point clamped inverter, used in Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) connected to grid, based permanent magnet synchronous generator, powered by a hysteresis current control for the rectifier. This new formula guarantees handling with the influence of harmonics disturbances (similar current total harmonic distortion), voltage stress, switching losses, rise time, over or undershoot and settling time in WECS. Methods. The basic idea of this control is to choose the best switching state, of the power switches, which ameliorates the quality function, selected from order predictive current control of WECS. Results. Practical value. Several advantages in this intelligent method, such as the fast dynamic answer, the easy implementation of nonlinearities and it requires fewer calculations to choose the best switching state. In addition, an innovative algorithm is proposed to adjust the current ripples and output voltage harmonics of the WECS. The performances of the system were analyzed by simulation using MATLAB/Simulink.