bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental health and alcohol use among patients attending a post-COVID-19 follow-up clinic: a cohort study
Authors: Broughan John , McCombe Geoff , O’Kelly Brendan , Avramovic Gordana , Fawsitt Ronan , Glaspy Shannon , Higgins Mary , McHugh Tina , Vidal Louise , Woo James , Lambert John S , Cullen Walter
Published: March 2022

Background: Ongoing mental health problems following COVID-19 infection warrant greater examination. This study aimed to investigate psychiatric symptoms and problematic alcohol use among Long COVID patients.

Methods: The study was conducted at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital’s post-COVID-19 follow-up clinic in Dublin, Ireland. A prospective cohort study design was used encompassing assessment of patients’ outcomes at 2-4 months following an initial clinic visit (Time 1), and 7–14-month follow-up (Time 2). Outcomes regarding participants’ demographics, acute COVID-19 healthcare use, mental health, and alcohol use were examined.

Results: The baseline sample’s (n = 153) median age = 43.5yrs (females = 105 (68.6%)). Sixty-seven of 153 patients (43.8%) were admitted to hospital with COVID-19, 9/67 (13.4%) were admitted to ICU, and 17/67 (25.4%) were readmitted to hospital following an initial COVID-19 stay. Sixteen of 67 (23.9%) visited a GP within seven days of hospital discharge, and 26/67 (38.8%) did so within 30 days. Seventeen of 153 participants (11.1%) had a pre-existing affective disorder. The prevalence of clinical range depression, anxiety, and PTSD scores at Time 1 and Time 2 (n = 93) ranged from 12.9% (Time 1 anxiety) to 22.6% (Time 1 PTSD). No statistically significant differences were observed between Time 1 and Time 2 depression, anxiety, and PTSD scores. Problematic alcohol use was common at Time 1 (45.5%) and significantly more so at Time 2 (71.8%). Clinical range depression, anxiety, and PTSD scores were significantly more frequent among acute COVID-19 hospital admission and GP attendance (30 days) participants, as well as among participants with lengthy ICU stays, and those with a previous affective disorder diagnosis.

Conclusions: Ongoing psychiatric symptoms and problematic alcohol use in Long COVID populations are a concern and these issues may be more common among individuals with severe acute COVID-19 infection and /or pre-existing mental illness.
The effect of cumulative early life adversities, and their differential mediation through hair cortisol levels, on childhood growth and cognition: Three-year follow-up of a birth cohort in rural India
Authors: Mukherjee Debarati , Bhopal Sunil , Bhavnani Supriya , Sharma Kamal Kant , Roy Reetabrata , Divan Gauri , Mandal Siddhartha , Soremekun Seyi , Kirkwood Betty , Patel Vikram
Published: March 2022

Background: Early adversities negatively impact children’s growth and development, putatively mediated by chronic physiological stress resulting from these adverse experiences. We aimed to estimate the associations between prospectively measured cumulative early adversities with growth and cognition outcomes in rural Indian preschool children and to explore if hair cortisol concentration (HCC), a measure of chronic physiological stress, mediated the above association.

Methods: Participants were recruited from the SPRING cRCT in rural Haryana, India. Adversities experienced through pregnancy and the first year of life were measured in 1304 children at 12-months. HCC was measured at 12-months in 845 of them. Outcome measures were height-for-age-z-score (HAZ), weight-for-age-z-score (WAZ) and cognition, measured in 1124 children followed up at 3-years. Cognition was measured using a validated tablet-based gamified tool named DEEP.

Results: Cumulative adversities at 12-months were inversely associated with all outcomes measures at 3-years. Each unit increase in adversity score led to a decrease of 0·08 units [95% confidence interval (CI):-0·11,-0·06] in DEEP-z-score; 0·12 units [-0·14,-0·09] in HAZ and 0·11 units [-0·13,-0·09] in WAZ. 12-month HCC was inversely associated with DEEP-z-score (-0·09 [-0·16,-0·01]) and HAZ (-0·12 [-0·20,-0·04]), but the association with WAZ was not significant (p = 0·142). HCC marginally mediated the association between cumulative adversities and HAZ (proportion mediated = 0·06, p = 0·014). No evidence of mediation was found for the cognition outcome.

Conclusions: Cumulative early adversities and HCC measured at 12-months have persistent negative effects on child growth and cognition at 3-years. The association between adversities and these two child outcomes were differentially mediated by HCC, with no evidence of mediation observed for the cognitive outcome. Future studies should focus on other stress biomarkers, and alternate pathways such as the immune, inflammation and cellular ageing pathways, to unpack key mechanisms underlying the established relationship between early adversities and poor child outcomes.
DETERMINATION OF THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL SECURITY OF INDUSTRY: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Demareva Elena E. , Matveeva Elena E.
Published: March 2022

В статье рассматриваются вопросы обеспечения финансовой безопасности промышленности, предприятий, организаций как элемент национальной безопасности государства. Особое место занимает сравнительный анализ угроз экономической безопасности и перспектив в данной сфере экономики. Тема финансовой устойчивости организации как основы финансовой безопасности актуальна в современном мире, поскольку финансовая стабильность гарантирует платежеспособность компании. Руководство предприятия должно знать, что оно не только будет получать прибыль и пользоваться возможными преимуществами, но и будет постоянно рисковать. И не каждая компания, даже в странах с рыночной экономикой, может выдержать такие жесткие испытания и обеспечить свою финансовую безопасность. В связи с этим рассмотрение этой темы в настоящее время становится особенно актуальным.

Цель – определение способов и приемов финансовой устойчивости, применяющих при проведении анализа промышленных предприятий.

Метод или методология проведения работы: в статье использовались следующие методы: анализ, синтез научной информации, метод аналогий, а также статистические методы анализа.

Результаты: получены наиболее информативные параметры, показывающие некоторые аспекты проведения финансовой устойчивости промышленных предприятий.

Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять экономическими субъектами, осуществляющими анализ промышленных предприятий.
MANAGEMENT OF RULERATED SANDBOXES IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Garipova Venera V. , Abulkhanova Guzeliya A.
Published: March 2022

This article discusses the so–called regulatory «sandbox» (Eng. Regulatory Sandbox), issues of state regulation, which are actively used in many foreign countries. The essence of the institution of regulatory sandboxes is the introduction of a special legal regime that allows business entities involved in the development of new products and services to conduct experiments on their implementation in a limited environment without the risk of violating the current legislation. The issues of state regulation and management of them are of particular relevance, since a single procedure and conditions for conducting experiments are needed. A complete management cycle is needed to include the stages of designing experiments, preparing, conducting, and evaluating effectiveness.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CLOSED PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE AND THE “POLLUTER PAYS” PRINCIPLE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Authors: Vetrova Maria A. , Ivanova Dinara V.
Published: March 2022

With the current volumes of global consumption, the linear economic model of creating products with their further use and subsequent burial in landfills without taking into account environmental, social and economic consequences has proved to be ineffective and has caused a number of global problems. For sustainable development and the future, where waste is an asset and any value is restored, a circular economy model based on a closed product life cycle and the principle of extended producer responsibility, which have become the object of special attention of this study, has been actively formed in recent years. This article presents the main ways of recycling products and waste that meet the principles of sustainable development and the creation of a circular economy to achieve environmental safety, economic growth, environmental protection and social benefits.

Objective: to develop a business decision-making process on the method of recycling products at the end of the life cycle as an integral part of the extended responsibility of the manufacturer for “closing the circuit” in the conditions of the development of the circular economy.

Methods: general scientific methods of institutional, regulatory, economic analysis and synthesis of best practices and scientific literature within the framework of the modern concept of sustainable development.

Results: methods of disposal of products at the end of use and waste are systematized, taking into account environmental, economic and social benefits, strategies of relations between the consumer and the manufacturer for the return of the product are correlated with circular business models, a business decision-making process for choosing a method of disposal of products at the end of the life cycle is developed.

Scope of the results: the results of this study can be used by enterprises when implementing circular business models and expanding the responsibility of the manufacturer for the disposal of products at the end of its life cycle, by state authorities when forming a sustainable development strategy, as well as introducing a model of the circular economy of the Russian Federation to achieve climate neutrality and environmental safety, improve the welfare of citizens, economic efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATIZATION AND DIGITALIZATION OF THE FOREST COMPLEX IN PROVIDING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF RUSSIA
Authors: Bareiko Snezhana N. , Kravchenko Stella K.
Published: March 2022

The sustainable development of the Russian economy is inextricably linked with the digital economy. The main objective of the “Program for the Development of the Digital Economy in the Russian Federation until 2035” is to form a system of support and incentive measures that provides motivation for financial and economic entities to digital innovations and research in the field of digital technologies. As practice shows, the need for the introduction and development of digital technologies in the forest industry remains very relevant. Since effective forestry is impossible without high-quality, accessible and complete information about forest resources.

The purpose of the work: to consider the features of the development of digitalization in the forest complex in the context of the impact on the economic security of Russia. Identify key digital trends that will contribute to the development of the timber industry.

Research methods: the methodological basis was made up of systematic, generalized, analytical and comparative approaches, as well as a set of methods of economic and statistical analysis.

Results: the development and widespread use of digital technologies in forest management will be able to increase the accuracy and completeness of information about forests, as well as make it more accessible. The introduction of digitalization in forestry will reduce the number of errors that lead to inefficiency in the use of forest resources.

Scope of application of the results: it is advisable to apply the results obtained in the development of national programs for the development of a new generation of economy, including the development and implementation of innovative technologies in the timber industry.
A hidden Amazonian fauna: first record of Neoempheria bilobata Edwards, 1940 (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) in Pará State, Brazil
Authors: Amaral Edna Maria , Oliveira Sarah Siqueira , Falaschi Rafaela Lopes
Published: March 2022

Neoempheria Osten Sacken is a genus of Mycetophilidae that has a life cycle associated with fungi. The genus is diverse in the Neotropical region, with 41 species known from Brazil that are predominantly known in southern and southeastern areas. This study reports on the first record of this genus for Pará state and redescribes Neoempheria bilobata Edwards, which was previously decribed from a male holotype from southern Brazil. We furnished high-resolution images and illustrations, as well as a detailed redescription of this species, based on male and female specimens.
Udar przysadki jako rzadka przyczyna hipoglikemii – opis przypadku
Authors: Cabaj Justyna , Bargieł Julia , Lewicki Marcin
Published: March 2022

Wprowadzenie: Udar przysadki jest natychmiastowy, szybko spotykanym stanem nagłym w praktyce endokrynologicznej. Może być zakładem ostrym krwotokiem i/lub niedokrwieniem, na celowniku przy niezdiagnozowanym gruczolaka. U przewaŜającej części, we wnętrzu niedobory jednego hormonu, gdzie najczęściej pierwsze manifestacje w postaci hipoglikemii wynikają z niedostatecznego wydzielania hormonu adrenokortykotropowego.  
Opis przypadku: 72-letnia z cukrzycą t.2 została przyjęta do nabytego nauczyciela z nauczonym hipoglikemią. Wstępnie rozpoznano hipoglikemię sulfonu zejściem na powitanie. Wykonane czynności uwidoczniły znacznej wielkości wielkość złóg w lewym moczdzie, który pozwala na ustabilizowanie poziomu poziomu badania po uwidocznieniu. W okresie pozabiegowym porażeniem w korzystaniu z wychowania, jakie postępno opadnięcie powieki oka lewego, przeprowadzonego po nerwu III. Pilnie reprezentacja rekwizyty, w którym nie ma nadzoruje zespół dla kogoś śródlądowego, uwidoczniono, odpowiednio zatarty obrys przybytków. Ze względu na obraz kliniczny wysunięto podejrzenie udaru przysadki, zlecono natychmiastową ocenę osi adrenokortykotropowej i tyreotropowej.W wynikach produkcyjnych produkcyjnych ACTH, kortyzol, TSH, FT4 i FT3 i rozpoznano niedoczynność przysadki. Celem badania rozpoznania zlecania wykonania badania rezonansu magnetycznego, które są uznawane za przesunięte w czasie w związku z infekcją chorego wirusem SARS-Cov2. W wykonanym wykonanym po ustąpieniu zakaźności, jakie miało miejsce nowe pokrwotoczne w wykonaniu przysadki, na rezonans i rezonans gruczolaka. 
Wnioski: W przypadku podejrzeniau przysadki należy przetwarzać badanie MR oraz badania laboratoryjne, w ocenie funkcji hormonalnej. Uzupełnianie leczenia substytucją hormonalną, leczenie leczeniem leczenia zabiegowego. Diagnostyka zawszeca się do metod i przedepajęczynów oraz wszyscy oponenci mózgowo-rdzeniowi.
Measuring Income and Wealth Effects on Private-Label Demand with Matched Administrative Data
Authors: Brancatelli Calogero , Fritzsche Adrian , Inderst Roman , Otter Thomas
Published: March 2022

Merging administrative income data with homescan data and taking a panel perspective, we show that private label consumption is only weakly associated with changes in income.
A Rare Cause of Pedunculated Polyps Caused by Strongyloides
Authors: Yousaf Omer , Carreon Arisha , Mohsin Ibrahim
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Strongyloidiasis is a systemic disease caused by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis. Strongyloides is unique among parasites in that it can remain undetected for decades. Although patients may present with the typical symptoms of a skin rash, cough or diarrhoea, a rare manifestation of infection is pseudopolyposis in the colon. This case highlights the unique finding of pseudopolyposis in a patient with strongyloidiasis with negative stool studies. Case description: We present the case of an 81-year-old man with a delayed diagnosis of strongyloidiasis. The patient initially presented to the clinic for evaluation of productive cough and was treated empirically for bronchitis. He subsequently developed vomiting and diarrhoea with imaging revealing circumferential wall thickening of the ascending colon, consistent with colitis. Although stool tests were negative, the patient was treated with antibiotics, and then underwent a colonoscopy which revealed multiple polyps. Biopsy results confirmed Strongyloides infection. The patient was treated with ivermectin and improved. Discussion: This case describes the unique finding of colonic pseudopolyposis in a patient infected with Strongyloides in rural southwest Virginia. Strongyloidiasis is often misdiagnosed due to its non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms and the chronic nature of the disease. Although stool studies are routinely negative for parasitic infection, CT scan findings suggestive of colitis should be followed by colonoscopy with biopsy of any abnormal lesion in the right clinical context. Determining the definitive diagnosis in a timely manner is crucial for establishing the specific treatment and for resolution of the disease.
Management of chemical burns
Authors: Walsh Karl , Hughes Isabel , Dheansa Baljit
Published: March 2022

Chemical burns represent a small number of burn injuries in the UK. They have the potential to be life-threatening with serious aesthetic and functional consequences, accounting for 30% of all deaths from burns. Chemical burns are caused by corrosive agents (acids and alkali) leading to extensive tissue damage. Understanding the pathophysiology of a chemical burn injury and identifying the nature of the offending agent is important for effective management. Prompt assessment and management of chemical injuries is vital to reduce the deleterious effect of the compound involved. This article reviews the pathophysiology of a chemical injury and the management of these burns.
A brief overview of lip augmentation with hyaluronic acid-based dermal fillers
Authors: Mills Alexandra , Haq Syed
Published: March 2022

Alexandra Mills and Professor Syed Haq provide an overview of lip augmentation procedures using hyaluronic acid-based dermal filler, injection technique and the role of the ageing process
Cannula versus needle: benefits, limitations and patient expectations
Authors: Turner Lauren
Published: March 2022

In this article, Lauren Turner compares and contrasts the use of a cannula and needle in medical aesthetic practice
Mathematics Pre-Service Teachers’ Numerical Thinking Profiles
Authors: Subekti Fitrianto Eko , Sukestiyarno Yohanes Leonardus , Wardono Wardono , Rosyida Isnaini
Published: March 2022

Numerical thinking is needed to recognize, interpret, determine patterns, and solve problems that contain the context of life. Self-efficacy is one aspect that supports the numerical thinking process. This study aims to obtain a numerical thinking profile of Mathematics pre-service teachers based on self-efficacy. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data obtained were based on the results of questionnaires, tests, and interviews. The results of the self-efficacy questionnaire were analyzed and categorized (high, moderate, and low). Two informants took each category. The results showed the following: informants in the high self-efficacy category tend to be able to interpret information, communicate information, and solve problems with systematic steps. Informants in the moderate self-efficacy category tend to be able to interpret and communicate information, but tend to be hesitant in choosing the sequence of problem-solving steps. Meanwhile, informants in the low self-efficacy category tend not to be able to fully interpret the information. As a result, the process of communicating information and solving problems goes wrong. Another aspect found in this study is the need for experience optimization, a good understanding of mathematical content, and reasoning in the numerical thinking process.
TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITIES AND THE DIVERSIFICATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF UNIVERSITY RANKINGS
Authors: Lievore Caroline , Klafke Renata , Pilatti Luiz
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho trata das Universidades Tecnológicas (UTs) e da diversificação do sistema de ensino superior na perspectiva dos rankings universitários. O objetivo, além de trazer algumas reflexões sobre a importância social, econômica e tecnológica das TUs, é refletir em relação à forma como os rankings universitários globais impactam as TUs e a diversificação do Sistema de Ensino Superior. Muitas TUs ficam de fora do grupo denominado World Class University (WCU), porque as avaliações negligenciam indicadores relacionados às atividades empreendedoras e de transferência de tecnologia e inovação, sendo fundamentais para o desenvolvimento econômico. Eles modificam indicadores como IDH, renda per capita ou taxas de desemprego.
CONCEITOS E CONCEPÇÕES SOBRE ALFABETIZAÇÃO NO PROGRAMA LER E ESCREVER
Authors: Aciem Tânia Medeiros , Do Prado Ferraz de Carvalho Celso
Published: March 2022

O texto em tela tem como objeto de análise o Programa Ler e Escrever, implementado a partir de 2008, pela Secretaria de Estado da Educação de São Paulo - SEE/SP, para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental - EFAI, nas escolas da rede estadual de ensino de São Paulo. O Programa Ler e Escrever fez parte de um amplo processo de reorganização da educação pública do Estado de São Paulo, denominada São Paulo faz Escola que, entre outras medidas, implementou uma política de reorganização do currículo das escolas da rede estadual de ensino de São Paulo. Nosso intento é analisar conceitos e concepções sobre alfabetização, mais precisamente a concepção curricular ou as concepções curriculares que nortearam as ações e as propostas para o EFAI no Programa Ler e Escrever, expressos em autores que são referências nos documentos que fundamentam o programa, especificamente Ana Teberosky e Beatriz Cardoso, Luiz Carlos Cagliari, Emília Ferreiro, Magda Soares, Jussara Hoffman, Délia Lerner e Telma Weisz.
PAULO FREIRE E A PERSPECTIVA DIALÉTICA DA EDUCAÇÃO COMO REVELAÇÃO DO ÓBVIO
Authors: Valente Paiva Thalles , Valente Lucia de Fatima
Published: March 2022

Resumo: Freire costumava dizer que era um “educador das obviedades”. O que isto quer dizer? A partir desta pergunta este artigo analisará o “óbvio” em Paulo Freire, por um viés dialético. Tem como ponto de partida as obras “Pedagogia do Oprimido” e “A importância do ato de ler”. O estudo discute a acumulação e a transferência na educação bancária; a dialética freiriana como esclarecimento do óbvio; o diálogo, fracassos e mudanças; o reconhecimento das exclusões; e a dialética, a sintaxe popular e a questão política. Conclui-se que a dialética na educação é a revelação do “óbvio”, o que significa dizer que o processo dialético tensiona a naturalidade hegemônica, quebrando o seu discurso estático, “socionatural”, esclarecendo que seu semblante apolítico, no fundo, é político. Um educador das obviedades está disposto a argumentar, dialogar com os educandos a assertiva de que o mundo é movimento, transformação, e que a realidade social é uma construção humana.
El legado pedagógico de Paulo Freire: una pedagogía de la esperanza que nos inspira para transformar el mundo
Authors: Verdeja Muñiz María
Published: March 2022

Paulo Reglus Neves Freire nació el 19 de septiembre de 1921 en Recife, capital del estado brasileño de Pernambuco, así pues, en septiembre del presente año 2021, nos encontramos ante el centenario de su nacimiento. Este acontecimiento para los educadores críticos y aquellos que soñamos con cambiar y transformar el mundo en el que vivimos, significa un momento muy importante, principalmente, porque consideramos que el legado de Freire aún continúa vigente en nuestros días. Freire nos hace recordar la oportunidad que tenemos todos los ciudadanos de intervenir y cambiar el orden de las cosas. Su pedagogía nos ofrece la posibilidad y la esperanza de cambiar el rumbo del mundo. Para ello es necesario transformar nuestros sistemas educativos y apostar por un modelo de enseñanza que favorezca la reflexión y pensamiento crítico tanto de estudiantes como de los docentes. Dicha tarea, necesariamente, debe ir acompañada de esperanza, sueños y utopía sin olvidar nunca que, tal transformación, aunque difícil, es posible. Freire manifestaba convencido que la educación necesita tanto de formación técnica, científica y profesional, como de sueños y utopía. Sin ilusión no es posible la transformación. Sin el sueño de una mejora colectiva no es posible la actividad transformadora.
La Sociología en la educación secundaria en Brasil (1890-1971)
Authors: Oliveira Amurabi
Published: March 2022

La enseñanza de la Sociología en la educación secundaria brasileña comenzó a fines del siglo XIX, expandiéndose en el contexto de las reformas educativas que tuvieron lugar en las décadas de 1920 y 1930, integrando el campo más amplio de las ciencias sociales enseñadas en la escuela. Las reformas educativas llevadas a cabo en las siguientes décadas cambiaron el estado de esta asignatura en el currículo escolar, lo que tuvo implicaciones directas para la posibilidad de desarrollar una didáctica de la sociología en Brasil. En este artículo presentamos brevemente la historia de la sociología en la educación secundaria en Brasil entre finales del siglo XIX y la década de 1970, a través de una revisión de la literatura y de la legislación educativa, con el objetivo de contribuir al desarrollo de los fundamentos de una didáctica de la sociología en Brasil. Se concluye que, incluso en los momentos en que esta asignatura estaba ausente del plan de estudios de la escuela, el conocimiento sociológico continuó estando presente a través de otras asignaturas, impartidas por egresados del profesorado en ciencias sociales.
enseñanza de correlación y regresión en la formación de profesores de Matemática: Un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Corica Ana Rosa , Ferrari Claudia Noemí
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo, con fundamento en la Teoría Antropológica de lo Didáctico, indagamos en la formación de estudiantes universitarios en Argentina futuros profesores de matemática acerca de las nociones de correlación y regresión. Reportamos resultados del análisis de la organización matemática propuesta para enseñar en la formación estadística de estos estudiantes. La descripción de la organización se realizó a partir de técnicas de revisión de documentos. Los resultados principales indican que las tareas que se proponen en la formación de profesores en matemática en torno a correlación y regresión son puntuales, rígidas y aisladas. Se requiere del estudio de tareas con datos reales y relevantes que promuevan la reflexión y el debate.
Libros de texto y planificación docente ante la enseñanza de la gramática en Educación Secundaria
Authors: Gutiérrez Rivero Antonio , Romero Oliva Manuel Francisco
Published: March 2022

Esta investigación analiza la contribución de los libros de texto a la enseñanza de la lengua en cuarto curso de educación secundaria desde la planificación de los docentes. Se ha realizado una triangulación de los elementos principales de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje: a) el profesorado, como agente clave en los procesos de enseñanza/aprendizaje; b) el alumnado, como destinatario y protagonista del proceso; c) el libro de texto, como recurso nuclear que pervive actualmente en el aula. Los objetivos principales de la investigación son el análisis de la transposición didáctica llevada a cabo por los docentes y los libros de texto, y la valoración de la competencia gramatical de los alumnos. Este artículo se centra en los docentes y los libros de texto. Los resultados demuestran la necesidad de un cambio en los planteamientos metodológicos de los libros detexto y en la dinamización de estos recursos en el aula por parte de los docentes. Ambos siguen instalados en metodologías que no promueven la reflexión lingüística y perpetúan un modelo basado en la memorización de los contenidos, exenta de razonamiento. Por ello, se propone un cambio metodológico con la unidad textual como punto de partida para la reflexión gramatical.
Cuéntame la historia de tus abuelos: Ciencias Sociales, Matemáticas y Lengua en el grado de Educación Primaria
Authors: Criach Singla Queca , Prat Moratonas Montserrat , Turró Amorós Míriam
Published: March 2022

A veces las oportunidades aparecen cuando los docentes compartimos lo que hacemos. Así empieza nuestra experiencia y la experiencia de nuestros alumnos. A principio del curso 2019-20 tres docentes que comparten un grupo de 2º curso del Grado de Educación Primaria ven la oportunidad de ofrecer a los alumnos la conexión entre sus disciplinas, con la convicción de que en educación primaria las propuestas pueden ser un continuo y no (deben presentarse como) actividades desconectadas. Desde Sociales se propone llegar al contenido curricular a través de objetos cotidianos de los abuelos de los alumnos (bottom-up). Desde matemáticas se realiza una línea del tiempo con dichos objetos, lo que permitirá reflexionar acerca de patrones y numeración. Desde lengua y literatura se construye una narración de la historia de los objetos situados en una línea temporal trabajando así, la estructura del texto narrativo. La experiencia culmina con la creación de distintas narrativas donde los estudiantes del grado de Educación primaria conectan tres materias, vivencian cómo desarrollar una actividad interdisciplinar con toda su riqueza y nos hablan de las vidas de sus abuelos. En el transcurso de la experiencia irrumpe el confinamiento debido al Covid-19, teniendo que adaptarla a la nueva situación.
Estaciones de aprendizaje en una clase de ELE en línea para adultos: Percepciones sobre sus facilidades y dificultades
Authors: Gigena Melisa Soledad , Cuesta García Azahara
Published: March 2022

Dado el desafío que supone, en un escenario de aprendizaje en línea derivado de la situación pandémica, plantear un aprendizaje centrado en el alumno mediado por la tecnología, es relevante explorar cómo el uso de metodologías tales como el aprendizaje por estaciones, que involucran al alumnado activa, autónoma y colaborativamente, se pueden implementar en la clase de lenguas en línea. En este estudio cualitativo se analizan las percepciones sobre las facilidades y dificultades que presentó el aprendizaje por estaciones para los alumnos y profesores involucrados en dos experiencias didácticas en línea, creadas a medida en un contexto de clases privadas de ELE para adultos. Se analizaron catorce entrevistas con estudiantes, cuatro informes de observación focalizada de profesores observadores y un diario docente. La atención a diferentes estilos de aprendizaje y preferencias, la posibilidad de tomar decisiones y participar y el trabajo colaborativo son los aspectos facilitadores más destacados por los participantes, mientras que las dificultades más subrayadas giran en torno al tiempo de planificación, la gestión de los tiempos, las instrucciones y la cantidad de actividades. La experiencia muestra que es posible trasladar el aprendizaje por estaciones a la clase en línea siguiendo un enfoque centrado en el alumno.
Transmission/reflection/absorption individually control multifunctional metasurfaces
Authors: Yang Li-Jing , Li Jiu-Sheng , Li Xiang-Jun
Published: March 2022

We propose a metasurface based on hybrid phase change materials GeTe and vanadium dioxide (VO2), which can manipulate the transmission /reflection /absorption of terahertz waves independently. By changing the external temperature from 25°C to 160°C, the function of this structure can be dramatically changed. When VO2 is in a dielectric state (i.e. 25°C), the designed structure behaves as a transmission-mode terahertz vortex beams manipulator. When VO2 is in a dielectric state (i.e. 68°C), the proposed structure serves as a reflection-mode terahertz vortex beams controller. When GeTe is in crystalline state (i.e. 160°C), the designed structure becomes as a terahertz perfect absorber at a frequency of 1.98THz within the incident angle of 30°. The proposed structure provides a new method toward the use of multifunctional terahertz devices for their potential in applications including terahertz wireless communication and detection.
Co-transmission of neuropeptides and monoamines choreograph the C. elegans escape response
Authors: Florman Jeremy T. , Alkema Mark J.
Published: March 2022

Co-localization and co-transmission of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides is a core property of neural signaling across species. While co-transmission can increase the flexibility of cellular communication, understanding the functional impact on neural dynamics and behavior remains a major challenge. Here we examine the role of neuropeptide/monoamine co-transmission in the orchestration of the C. elegans escape response. The tyraminergic RIM neurons, which coordinate distinct motor programs of the escape response, also co-express the neuropeptide encoding gene flp-18. We find that in response to a mechanical stimulus, flp-18 mutants have defects in locomotory arousal and head bending that facilitate the omega turn. We show that the induction of the escape response leads to the release of FLP-18 neuropeptides. FLP-18 modulates the escape response through the activation of the G-protein coupled receptor NPR-5. FLP-18 increases intracellular calcium levels in neck and body wall muscles to promote body bending. Our results show that FLP-18 and tyramine act in different tissues in both a complementary and antagonistic manner to control distinct motor programs during different phases of the C. elegans flight response. Our study reveals basic principles by which co-transmission of monoamines and neuropeptides orchestrate in arousal and behavior in response to stress.
ER-PM membrane contact site regulation by yeast ORPs and membrane stress pathways
Authors: Quon Evan , Nenadic Aleksa , Zaman Mohammad F. , Johansen Jesper , Beh Christopher T.
Published: March 2022

In yeast, at least seven proteins (Ice2p, Ist2p, Scs2/22p, Tcb1-Tcb3p) affect cortical endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tethering and contact with the plasma membrane (PM). In Δ-super-tether (Δ-s-tether) cells that lack these tethers, cortical ER-PM association is all but gone. Yeast OSBP homologue (Osh) proteins are also implicated in membrane contact site (MCS) assembly, perhaps as subunits for multicomponent tethers, though their function at MCSs involves intermembrane lipid transfer. Paradoxically, when analyzed by fluorescence and electron microscopy, the elimination of theOSHgene family does not reduce cortical ER-PM association but dramatically increases it. In response to the inactivation of all Osh proteins, the yeast E-Syt (extended-synaptotagmin) homologue Tcb3p is post-transcriptionally upregulated thereby generating additional Tcb3p-dependent ER-PM MCSs for recruiting more cortical ER to the PM. Although the elimination ofOSHgenes and the deletion of ER-PM tether genes have divergent effects on cortical ER-PM association, both elicit the Environmental Stress Response (ESR). Through comparisons of transcriptomic profiles of cells lackingOSHgenes or ER-PM tethers, changes in ESR expression are partially manifested through the induction of the HOG (high-osmolarity glycerol) PM stress pathway or the ER-specific UPR (unfolded protein response) pathway, respectively. Defects in either UPR or HOG pathways also increase ER-PM MCSs, and expression of extra “artificial ER-PM membrane staples” rescues growth of UPR mutants challenged with lethal ER stress. Transcriptome analysis ofOSHand Δ-s-tether mutants also revealed dysregulation of inositol-dependent phospholipid gene expression, and the combined lethality ofosh4Δ and Δ-s-tether mutations is suppressed by overexpression of the phosphatidic acid biosynthetic gene,DGK1. These findings establish that the Tcb3p tether is induced by ER and PM stresses and ER-PM MCSs augment responses to membrane stresses, which are integrated through the broader ESR pathway.
How is hygiene behaviour affected by conflict and displacement? A qualitative case study in Northern Iraq
Authors: White Sian , Heath Thomas , Khalid Ibrahim Waleed , Ihsan Dilveen , Blanchet Karl , Curtis Val , Dreibelbis Robert
Published: March 2022

This research aimed to qualitatively explore whether the determinants of handwashing behaviour change according to the duration of displacement or the type of setting that people are displaced to. We conducted an exploratory qualitative study in three different post-conflict settings in Northern Iraq–a long-term displacement camp, a short-term displacement camp, and villages where people were returning to post the conflict. We identified 33 determinants of handwashing in these settings and, of these, 21 appeared to be altered by the conflict and displacement. Determinants of handwashing behaviour in the post-conflict period were predominantly explained by disruptions to the physical, psychological, social and economic circumstances of displaced populations. Future hygiene programmes in post-conflict displacement settings should adopt a holistic way of assessing determinants and design programmes which promote agency, build on adaptive norms, create an enabling environment and which are integrated with other aspects of humanitarian response.
Factors influencing the use of emergency contraceptives among reproductive age women in the Kwadaso Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Yeboah Daniel Sarpong , Appiah Maxwell Afranie , Kampitib Grace Billi
Published: March 2022

Background

Unintended pregnancy leads to unsafe abortion, which is one of the commonest causes of maternal deaths in developing countries including Ghana. Lots of unintended pregnancies can be avoided using emergency contraceptives (EC). Emergency contraceptives are mostly used after unprotected sexual intercourse and have a ninety-nine percent chance of preventing unintended pregnancy when taken correctly. However, unlike other modern contraceptives such as condoms, emergency contraceptives cannot prevent sexually transmitted infections.

Objectives

This study aimed at assessing the factors influencing the use of emergency contraceptives among reproductive-age women in the Kwadaso Municipality, Ghana.

Methods

A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted in three sub-municipalities of the Kwadaso Municipality. A multistage sampling method was used to select 312 women in their reproductive age within households. A simple random sampling method was first used to select the sub-municipalities (Kwadaso Central, Asuoyeboah, and Agric-Nzema). Participants were selected from households through a systematic sampling procedure and responses were solicited from women who consented to participate in the study. The selection was strictly dependent on the number of eligible women in a household, that is, in an event where more than one woman was found in a household, a simple random sampling method was used to select only one woman from that household. STATA 15.0 was used to analyse the data. Binary logistic regression was used to find the adjusted estimates and associations between EC use and the exposure variables. P-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant at 95% Confidence Interval (CI).

Results

The findings showed that 79.67% of the women had ever used EC. Amongst them, 59.83% used EC following unexpected unprotected sex, and 24.69% used EC following failed coitus interruptus. Women’s attitude towards EC (AOR = 8.52,p<0.001), religion (AOR = 4.56,p = 0.004), and monthly income (AOR = 0.29,p = 0.030) were found to have significant influence on their use of EC.

Conclusion

The level of EC use among the women was high. Women’s attitude towards EC, religion, and monthly income were the major factors influencing the use of EC. Thus, strategies to promote EC use should emphasize on addressing the attitude of women towards EC through sex education in schools, various religious institutions, and the community at large with the services of health authorities and support from governmental and non-governmental organizations whose focus is to address the need for reproductive health services in order to reduce the misconception regarding the use of EC.
What is the effectiveness of a personalised video story after an online diabetes risk assessment? A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Williams Susan L. , To Quyen , Vandelanotte Corneel
Published: March 2022

Background

Online risk assessment tools for type 2 diabetes communicate risk information to motivate individuals to take actions and reduce their risk if needed. The impact of these tools on follow-up behaviours (e.g., General Practitioner (GP) visits, improvement in health behaviours) is unknown. This study examined effectiveness of a personalised video story and text-based message on GP and health professional visitations and health behaviours, of individuals assessed as ‘high risk’ following completion of the online Australian Type 2 Diabetes Risk Assessment Tool (AUSDRISK).

Methods

A Randomised Controlled Trial (conducted between October 2018 and April 2019) included 477 participants with a high score (≥12). The control group received a text-based message (TM) and the intervention group received both the text-based message and a personalised video story (TM+VS) encouraging them to take follow-up action. Participants reported follow-up actions (one- and three months), and physical activity (PA), dietary behaviours and body weight (baseline, one and three months). Generalized Linear Mixed Models and chi-squared tests were used to test differences in outcomes between groups over time.

Results

The intervention was not more effective for the TM+VS group compared to the TM only group (p-values>0.05 for all outcomes). More participants in the TM only group (49.8% compared to 40.0% in the VS+TM group) visited either a GP or health professional (p = 0.18). During the 3-month follow-up: 44.9% of all participants visited a GP (36.7%) and/or other health professional (31.0%). Significant improvements were found between baseline and three months, in both groups for weekly physical activity, daily fruit and vegetable intake and weight status.

Conclusions

Messages provided with online diabetes risk assessment tools to those with high-risk, positively influence GP and health professional visitations and promote short-term improvements in health behaviours that may contribute to an overall reduction in the development of type 2 diabetes.

Trial registration

Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; ACTRN12619000809134.
Analysis of the gut microbiota composition of myostatin mutant cattle prepared using CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Wen Tong , Mao Chenyu , Gao Li
Published: March 2022

Myostatin (MSTN) negatively regulates muscle development and positively regulates metabolism through various pathways. Although MSTN function in cattle has been widely studied, the changes in the gut microbiota due to MSTN mutation, which contribute to host health by regulating its metabolism, remain unclear. Here, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted to analyze the gut microbiota of wild-type (WT) and MSTN mutant (MT) cattle. A total of 925 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained, which were classified into 11 phyla and 168 genera. Alpha diversity results showed no significant differences between MT and WT cattle. Beta diversity analyses suggested that the microbial composition of WT and MT cattle was different. Three dominant phyla and 21 dominant genera were identified. The most abundant bacterial genus had a significant relationship with the host metabolism. Moreover, various bacteria beneficial for health were found in the intestines of MT cattle. Analysis of the correlation between dominant gut bacteria and serum metabolic factors affected by MSTN mutation indicated that MSTN mutation affected the metabolism mainly by three metabolism-related bacteria, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010. This study provides further insight into MSTN mutation regulating the host metabolism by gut microbes and provides evidence for the safety of gene-edited animals.
Inference in epidemiological agent-based models using ensemble-based data assimilation
Authors: Cocucci Tadeo Javier , Pulido Manuel , Aparicio Juan Pablo , Ruíz Juan , Simoy Mario Ignacio , Rosa Santiago
Published: March 2022

To represent the complex individual interactions in the dynamics of disease spread informed by data, the coupling of an epidemiological agent-based model with the ensemble Kalman filter is proposed. The statistical inference of the propagation of a disease by means of ensemble-based data assimilation systems has been studied in previous works. The models used are mostly compartmental models representing the mean field evolution through ordinary differential equations. These techniques allow to monitor the propagation of the infections from data and to estimate several parameters of epidemiological interest. However, there are many important features which are based on the individual interactions that cannot be represented in the mean field equations, such as social network and bubbles, contact tracing, isolating individuals in risk, and social network-based distancing strategies. Agent-based models can describe contact networks at an individual level, including demographic attributes such as age, neighborhood, household, workplaces, schools, entertainment places, among others. Nevertheless, these models have several unknown parameters which are thus difficult to prescribe. In this work, we propose the use of ensemble-based data assimilation techniques to calibrate an agent-based model using daily epidemiological data. This raises the challenge of having to adapt the agent populations to incorporate the information provided by the coarse-grained data. To do this, two stochastic strategies to correct the model predictions are developed. The ensemble Kalman filter with perturbed observations is used for the joint estimation of the state and some key epidemiological parameters. We conduct experiments with an agent based-model designed for COVID-19 and assess the proposed methodology on synthetic data and on COVID-19 daily reports from Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Examining the Function of Pretrauma Cinema, WALL-E and the Warning for Our Future
Authors: Beeby Georgina
Published: March 2022

This article explores pretrauma cinema as a genre and discusses the concept using WALL-E as an example. The essay defines Kaplan’s theory of pretrauma cinema, outlines the potential failings, and explains how WALL-E showcases the anxieties society has about the planet’s future, through mass consumerism, global warming, and mass waste.
Os desafios da pós-verdade
Authors: Ávila Araújo Carlos Alberto
Published: March 2022

Trata-se de uma problematização epistemológica para a Ciência da Informação a partir de uma proposição feita por Jonathan Furner em defesa de uma virada veritística para a Ciência da Informação, isto é, a consideração da “verdade” como conceito central para o campo, no lugar de “relevância”. Os argumentos do autor, fundamentados na epistemologia social e na injustiça epistêmica, são confrontados com diferentes questões relacionadas com o fenômeno contemporâneo da pós-verdade. Os elementos levantados nas duas discussões são então discutidos à luz dos paradigmas e das “viradas” já realizadas na Ciência da Informação, para se avaliar a pertinência de uma possível virada veritística na área.
O Arquivo Invertido: Limiares, Autenticidade e Demos (povo)
Authors: Lowry James
Published: March 2022

Este artigo defende que o conceito de archii limes (limiar arquivístico) do jus archivi, em que o registo de documentos por um arquivo serve para autenticar esses documentos, se inverte no contexto dos dados abertos governamentais e das tecnologias cívicas. Estas tecnologias geram uma expetativa de transparência que inverte a função do limiar arquivístico. Somente com a difusão dos dados a partir dos arquivos para o espaço público é que se pode verificar a autenticidade. Na era das informações falsas e dos denominados factos alternativos, esta dinâmica revela-se problemática e suscita questões sobre a participação nos sistemas de informação estatais.