bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of commercially available smartphone apps and wearable devices in monitoring patients after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review
Authors: Constantinescu David , Pavlis William , Rizzo Michael , Vanden Berge Dennis , Barnhill Spencer , Hernandez Victor Hugo
Published: July 2022

Purpose

Commercially available smartphone apps and wearable devices have proven valuable in a variety of clinical settings, yet their utility in measuring physical activity and monitoring patient status following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remains unclear.

Methods

A systematic review was performed to assess the evidence supporting the use of smartphone apps and wearable devices to assist rehabilitation interventions following TKA. A search was conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane, Medline, and Web of Science databases in September 2021.

Results

One hundred and seventy-six studies were retrieved, of which 15 met inclusion criteria, including 6 randomized control trials. Four of these studies utilized smartphone apps, seven utilized wearable devices, and four utilized a combination of both. A total of 1607 TKA patients participated in the included studies. For primary outcomes, three reported on device accuracy, three on recovery prediction, two on functional recovery, two on physical activity promotion, two on patient compliance, two on pain control, and one on healthcare utilization.

Conclusion

Commercially available smartphone apps and wearable devices were shown to capably monitor physical activity and improve patient engagement following TKA, making them potentially viable adjuncts or replacements to traditional rehabilitation programs. Components of interventions such as step goals, app-based patient engagement platforms, and patient-specific benchmarks for recovery may improve effectiveness. However, future research should focus on the economics of implementation, long-term outcomes, and optimization of compliance and accuracy when using these devices.
Pensar la historia desde la didáctica
Authors: Ramírez Achoy Jéssica
Published: July 2022

El sentido público de la historia llega hasta el aula y, con este, las formas discursivas y conceptuales de la disciplina histórica adquieren otras lógicas en la escuela (Plá, 2021). Por esta razón, para el profesorado de primaria y secundaria, el conocimiento histórico alcanza nuevas finalidades, las cuales cambian tanto los objetos de la investigación que producen como las formas de interpretar la teoría social y la metodología. Esta reivindicación de una historia no disciplinar en las escuelas y colegios se fundamenta en el debate del para qué de la enseñanza, específicamente, de los estudios sociales. Lo anterior, tiene dos ideas iniciales que nos interesa comentar en este editorial y del debate de la Revista Perspectivas: a) las y los docentes requieren del conocimiento histórico como una base fundamental en su formación y ejercicio docente y b) ese conocimiento por sí mismo es insuficiente para saber enseñarlo, pues se necesita la didáctica para pensar la historia en el contexto escolar.
El uso de canciones en la enseñanza de la historia. Una propuesta alternativa al aprendizaje memorístico
Authors: Díaz Pérez Adolfo Alejandro
Published: July 2022

The use of songs in the teaching of history represents a novel proposal that emerges as an alternative to rote learning that has traditionally been developed in this area of knowledge. The article is the result of a pedagogical practice developed in three teacher training courses of the Facultad de Educación e Idiomas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua, Managua (UNAN-Managua), where the strategy of song analysis was applied with the aim of assessing its impact on learning processes. This research is based on the systematization of experiences, it is qualitative in nature and techniques such as documentary review, interviews and focus group were used for the collection of information, in addition, the didactic proposal was validated by experts and a pilot test in two class groups. The results show that songs are a didactic resource that promotes participation, inferential comprehension levels, develops critical thinking and generates a new learning environment around history education in the classroom.
La memoria histórica de la Independencia de Centroamérica, narrativas en el contexto de la conmemoración del Bicentenario
Authors: Rodríguez Vargas María José
Published: July 2022

The article describes the historical narratives of the Central American Independence, in the context of the Bicentennial’s commemoration, presented by senior students who are part of the Costa Rican scholar system, specifically to the Redentorista San Alfonso High School, located in Alajuela City’s urban zone, Costa Rica. The main objective is to recognize the historical memory of a students’ group that are concluding their secondary education. To achieve this goal, it has been made a study case with four students, through a workshop developed with three pedagogical moments. The results allow to reconstruct and recognize the historical narratives of these students and identify their historical consciousness of the Central America’s Independence.
Enseñanza de los símbolos nacionales como identidad costarricense en un mundo globalizado
Authors: Cerdas Chaves Nazareth , Madrigal Méndez Josué , Mejía Fonseca Melissa , Morales Rodríguez Tayna
Published: July 2022

This article is the result of a critical reflection on the commercialization of national symbols and their relationship with education. In the process of globalization, the incorporation of new symbols has been the result of a strategy that aims to increase Costa Rica's exposure in the world. Therefore, teaching them requires a mediation that guides the process of building an identity, through a critical conscience that questions and analyzes each national symbol in the context in which they were decreed. After the above, the meaning of symbols will be understood in contrast to their use as part of competitiveness and government marketing. It is a challenge for Civic Education teachers to teach elements linked to nationalism and politics, which also allow the identification of individuals with a collective conscience.
El rol de la perigrafía en la comunicación visual medioambiental
Authors: Aravena Ortiz Sebastian , Gatica-Ramírez Pamela
Published: July 2022

Este artículo busca analizar los elementos visuales diseñados para guiar la interpretación del significado de las fotografías publicadas a través de redes sociales por grupos medioambientalistas en Sudamérica, identificando qué posibilidades y sentidos pueden aportar en el proceso comunicacional. Por esta razón, analiza y compara las imágenes publicadas por tres filiales sudamericanas de Wildlife Conservation Society en Instagram: Argentina, Chile, y Colombia, considerando el rol complementario de este tipo de elementos sobre la fotografía y su repercusión en su significado.
Accesibilidad en dos formas urbanas de la periferia interior. Análisis configuracional y de visibilidad
Authors: Ezquerra Isabel , Campos-Sánchez Francisco Sergio
Published: July 2022

La construcción de las primeras periferias de muchas ciudades europeas entre los años cincuenta y setenta del pasado siglo se caracterizó por la profusión de actuaciones unitarias basadas en los principios del urbanismo funcionalista –polígonos de vivienda masiva– y otras formas que se produjeron en paralelo a estos como resultado de un crecimiento gradual, más o menos planificado, y más próximo al sistema tradicional basado en calles y manzanas – “periferias ordinarias”–. Frente a aproximaciones más específicas que ahondan en el carácter original de enclaves de los polígonos de vivienda, sin considerar su actual contexto urbano, esta investigación tiene por objetivo evidenciar y comparar morfológicamente las condiciones de accesibilidad que presentan ambos tipos de crecimiento urbano. El estudio se basa en una adecuación del modelo “Valor de Nodo y Lugar”, desarrollando el análisis configuracional multiescalar y de visibilidad en dos polígonos de la ciudad de Zaragoza y sus  correspondientes “periferias ordinarias”. Los resultados evidencian que la situación relativa de los polígonos de vivienda en la ciudad ha cambiado con el tiempo, pasando en muchos casos de una posición de aislamiento en la periferia a una “posición pericentral”. Ambas formas se encuentran bien integradas en la red urbana a nivel global. Sin embargo, a escala intermedia los polígonos muestran una peor accesibilidad que los fragmentos de “periferia ordinaria”. A escala de actuación, también estos últimos se muestran más seguros visualmente y con mayor accesibilidad. Estos análisis pueden ser útiles a la planificación para mejorar la accesibilidad y dinamizar estas formas urbanas.
Predictive value of left atrial remodeling for response to cardiac
resynchronization therapy
Authors:   Cardiology, Catharina Hospital,
            Netherlands, Bouwmeester Sjoerd , Mast Thomas ,   Cardiology, Catharina
            Hospital, Netherlands, Prinzen Frits ,   Fysiology, Maastricht
            University, Netherlands, Dekker Lukas ,   Cardiology, Catharina
            Hospital, Netherlands, Houthuizen Patrick ,   Cardiology, Catharina
            Hospital, Netherlands
Published: July 2022

Aim: Response to cardiac resynchronization therapy varies significantly among
patients, with one third of them failing to demonstrate left ventricular reverse
remodeling after cardiac resynchronization therapy. Left atrial size and function is
increasingly recognized as a marker of disease severity in the heart failure population.
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether echocardiographic left atrial indices
predict left ventricular reverse remodeling after cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Materials and methods: Ninety-nine cardiac resynchronization therapy candidates were
prospectively included in the study and underwent echocardiography before and 3-months
after cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation. Cardiac resynchronization therapy
response was defined as a 15% relative reduction in left ventricular end-systolic
volume. Indexed left atrial volume, left atrial reservoir strain, left ventricular
end-diastolic volume, and left ventricular ejection fraction along with other known
predictors of cardiac resynchronization therapy response (gender, etiology of heart
failure, presence of typical left bundle branch block pattern, QRS duration >150 ms)
were included in a multivariate logistic regression model to identify predictors for
cardiac resynchronization therapy response. Results: Cardiac resynchronization therapy
response occurred in n = 63 (64%) patients. The presence of a typical left bundle branch
block (OR 4.2, 95 CI: 1.4–12.1, p = 0.009), QRS duration >150 ms (OR 4.2, 95 CI:
1.4–11.0, p = 0.029), and left atrial volume index (OR: 0.6, 95 CI: 0.4–0.9, p = 0.012)
remained the only significant predictors for cardiac resynchronization therapy response
after three months. None of the baseline left ventricular parameters showed an
independent predictive value. Conclusion: Left atrial size at baseline is an independent
predictor and is inversely proportional to left ventricular volumetric reverse
remodeling in cardiac resynchronization therapy candidates.
Ultrasound in the diagnosis of pediatric distal radius fractures: does it really
change the treatment policy? An orthopedic view
Authors: Mobasseri Alireza , Noorifard Padideh
Published: July 2022

Background: Distal radius fractures are the most common pediatric fractures,
increasing in number in recent decades. Although simple bi-planar radiographs are
sufficient for diagnosis, wrist ultrasonography has been popularized in recent years for
fracture detection, mostly because of the concern about children’s radiation exposure.
Despite its availability and diagnostic accuracy, ultrasound has not gained widespread
acceptance and popularity among orthopedic surgeons. We asked about the reasons for its
lack of acceptance as a diagnostic tool by orthopedic surgeons, and its failure to be
incorporated into diagnostic algorithms. Material and methods: We reviewed the latest
articles concerning the use of ultrasound in the diagnosis of pediatric distal radius
fracture. Data extraction was performed from each study with a focus on the following
items: the specialty field of the authors, number of patients, number of fractures, mean
age of the patients, and the gold standard method of diagnosis. Results: Nine studies
concerning the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in detecting distal radius fractures in
children were included in the review. The most common field of practice of the authors
was emergency medicine. Only two studies had an orthopedic surgeon among their authors.
All studies employed X-ray imaging as the gold standard method. All studies were
designed as prospective trials without randomization of patients. Generally, there was
no independent blinded reviewer for the interpretation of ultrasound and X-ray images.
Conclusions: Most studies were completed by emergency medicine physicians, without
involving an orthopedic surgeon. Ultrasound evaluation was undertaken primarily by
emergency medicine physicians with little experience. These studies were not randomized
controlled trials, and knowledge of the history and clinical presentation of the
subjects could have led to information bias. The relatively low number of included
patients and lack of follow-up examinations were other limitations. As a result, we
believe that ultrasound has not proven to be a suitable substitute for conventional
X-ray imaging in the detection of pediatric distal radius fractures. We propose X-ray
evaluation as the clinical gold standard method for pediatric wrist fractures.
Provisional Life Expectancy Estimates for 2021
Authors: Arias Elizabeth , Tejada-Vera Betzaida , Kochanek Kenneth , Ahmad Farida
Published: July 2022

This report presents life expectancy estimates calculated using complete period life tables based on provisional death counts for 2021 by sex and for the total, Hispanic, non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White populations.
Faces of Poverty: Who Are the Energy Poor in Poland?
Authors: Karpinska Lilia
Published: July 2022

Objective: The author’s goal is to portray energy poor households in Poland based on several well-recognised and original indicators and some clustering techniques. In this study, I check whether the target population is identified correctly and I show possible directions in which the state energy poverty policy might evolve in this regard.
Research Design & Methods: The ten-percent energy poverty measure, the ability-to-keep-home-warm, and the hidden-energy-poverty measures are used to examine the profiles of the energy poor. My source of data is the energy consumption module of the Household Budget Survey collected by the Polish statistical office in 2018. The statistical techniques include multiple linear regression, lasso regression, partitioning around medoids procedure, and hierarchical clustering, among other things.
Findings: All indicators produce different rates of energy poverty, but they are consistent in describing the energy poor groups. Two similar clusters are obtained. The first group is composed mostly of retired single women occupying blocks of flats. The second group is represented mainly by working men living in families with children in stand-alone houses in remote areas.
Implications / Recommendations: Although politicians might choose an energy poverty measure which gives the convenient level of energy poverty incidence, the profile of the target population does not change much. The above implies that regardless of the approach to estimating energy poverty, the profiles obtained in this study should be considered as a target population for policy actions.
Contribution / Value Added: Energy poverty in Poland is often linked to low-stack emissions coming from the residential sector. The owners of single-family houses are the main target of many state programmes aimed at improving the air quality in the country as well as fighting energy poverty. In this study, I show that there are at least two target groups. The results are robust with regard to energy-poverty measuring.
Dynamics of local cytokine status in patients with parotid salivary gland sialadenosis depending on the treatment algorithm
Authors: Sultimova T. B. , Kozlova M. V. , Gaponov A. M. , Savlevich E. L. , Kozlov I. G.
Published: July 2022

Sialadenosis is a dystrophic disease of the salivary glands parenchyma, which leads to secretory disorders and hypertrophy of salivary glands. Sialadenitis develops in cases of secondary inflammation. Standard methods and medications for the treatment of sialadenosis lead to regression of clinical manifestations and remission. Usage of herbal extracts with prolonged action has a long-term local anti-inflammatory effect with minimal side effects, including those affecting oral mucosa. However, their use in the complex treatment of sialadenosis has been scarcely studied. Objective of our investigation was to estimate cytokine status dynamics in saliva from the parotid glands in the patients with sialadenosis and hypothyroidism during complex treatment which included the prolonged-action herbal remedy. 52 patients with sialadenosis of parotid salivary glands and hypothyroidism were divided into 2 groups: in the I group, 26 patients received basic therapy; in the II group, 26 patients received basic therapy + herbal drugs with prolonged effect as resorbable tablets. Control group consisted of 20 conditionally healthy people without disorders of parotid glands and thyroid gland. Comparative evaluation was performed 1 and 6 months after starting the treatment, with respect to clinical findings, sialometry and cytokine profile. The content of interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was determined in saliva of parotid glands by ELISA technique. The 1st group of patients showed exacerbations within six months of basic treatment, and the sialometry data pointed to maintenance of decreased parotid function. In the 2nd group, when using basic treatment + herbal drugs, no clinical features of sialadenosis were evident within 6 months. The sialometry values were normalized, and the secretory function of the parotid glands was found to be increased. Therefore, it exerted an effect upon moisturization of oral mucosal and improvement quality of life in the patients. Regression of IL- 1β, IL-6 and TNF contents, and IL-10 increase in parotid gland secretions was significantly more pronounced at the terms of 1 and 6 months in cases treated with herbal drugs, compared to Group 1, where a conventional protocol was used. Addition of herbal drugs of prolonged action to the standard protocol of sialadenosis treatment is reasonable and effective.
Effect of short PSG peptide fragments on the cytokine profile in Wistar rats during allogeneic transplantation in vivo
Authors: Timganova V. P. , Bochkova M. S. , Shardina K. Yu. , Uzhviyuk S. V. , Gutina E. V. , Rayev M. B. , Lyubimov A. V. , Zamorina S. A.
Published: July 2022

Pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein (PSG) is a protein with pleiotropic biological effects, particularly immunoregulatory and immunosuppressive potential. The use of recombinant PSG may exert therapeutic effects in experimental animals with induced autoimmune diseases. Recently, a search for the biological effects of short linear motifs (SLiMs) has become a new strategy for designing the pharmacological compounds. Tetrapeptide regions have been identified in the primary structure of several PSGs: YQCE, YECE and YACS, these SLiMs exhibit immunomodulatory activity. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prospectives for usage of PSG peptide fragments as pharmacological agents to modulate transplant immunity. We used an original model of host-versus-graft response in male Wistar rats transplanted with bone marrow, without prior conditioning treatment of recipients. We used a cocktail of the PSG peptide fragments administered to Wistar rats in the course of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BM) in dynamic manner, evaluating the cytokine profile as an integral index of immune response. Cytokine levels were determined by multiplex method using Bio-Plex ProTM Rat 23-Plex kit. Statistical processing of the data was performed by means of two-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons. We have found that the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFNγ, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18), as well as the contents of G-CSF, GM-CSF and IL-7 were increased in the animals injected with BM only. In the group of animals injected with BM + PSG peptides, an increase in IFNγ, IL-6, TNFα was observed, which decreased by the end of the experiment. Increased levels of antiinflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 were detected in blood serum of the animals on day +14. Moreover, administration of PSG peptides also led to increase in IL-2, M-CSF, MCP-1, and RANTES levels on day 14 from the beginning of the experiment, and to a gradual decrease in their levels till the end of the experiment. Meanwhile, control group showed a marked tendency for increase of these and other cytokines. Thus, it was shown that the use of PSG peptides upon development of immune response to BM allograft may promote a return to normal levels for the most cytokines studied, thus presuming the immunopharmacological potential of these peptides. The obtained data can be used to develop a pharmacological preparation of the studied peptides to correct the imbalance of immune system.
Immune phenotype of tissues from exudative lesions of Reinke’s space
Authors: Kovalev M. A. , Davydova E. V. , Zurochka A. V.
Published: July 2022

Non-inflammatory exudative lesions of Reinke’ pos space present the most common cause of phonation disorders in representatives of vocal professions. The leading role in pathogenesis of this disorder is given to the nearly complete absence of lymphatic drainage of Reinke space and local deposition of tissue fluid. The mechanisms of its progression are of particular importance when determining the condition of mucosaassociated laryngeal tissue. The aim of our work was to evaluate the parameters of immunohistochemical lymphocyte typing in exudative lesions from the Reinke’s space. Materials and methods: The main group consisted of 40 patients, at the mean age of 43.2±2.1 years, exhibiting tumor-like exudative lesions of Reinke’s space. The biopsy material was taken from the vocal folds, including polyps, vocal nodules and Reinke’s edema. Myxoid and angiomatous types of the polyps were separately assessed. Videofibrolaryngoscopy was performed using an Olympus TYPE 150 bronchofibroscope (Germany). Morphological studies were carried out using a DMRXA microscope (Leika, Germany) by means of the ImageScopeM computer program (Germany). The uniformly treated sections were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin (Biovitrum, Russia). Immunohistochemical quantitative assessment of the main T cell populations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), B cells (CD20+), histiocytes (CD68+), and the cells expressing bcl-2 and p53 cell regulators was carried out automatically using the BenchMarkXT immunohistotainer (Ventana, USA). The results were expressed as U/mm2. Results and Discussion. Some special features of cellular immunophenotype were revealed in exudative lesions of Reinke’s space. Reinke’s edema was characterized by high content of CD3+ lymphocytes, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, p53 positive cells of the basal epithelium, as well as low numbers of CD68+, bcl-2 positive lymphocytes and cells of the basal epithelium. Myxoid type of polyps was characterized by low content of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ lymphocytes, bcl-2 positive lymphocytes and basal epithelium cells, CD68+ monocyte-macrophage cells, and high amounts of p53 positive basal epithelial cells. In the angioma-type polyps, we have registered low contents of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ lymphocytes, high numbers of monocyte-macrophage CD68+ cells, MMP-9+, bcl-2 positive lymphocytes, and low content of p53 positive cells of basal epithelium. The samples from the vocal nodules were characterized by low content of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+ and p53 positive basal epithelial cells; high numbers of CD68+ cells (monocyte-macrophage series), MMP-9+ and bcl-2 positive lymphocytes.
In vitro experience of human natural killer cell culture with feeder cells
Authors: Gelm Yu. V. , Pasova I. A. , Grivtsova L. Yu. , Konstantinova T. V. , Mikhaylovsky N. V. , Rybachuk V. A. , Abakushina E. V. , Ivanov S. A. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: July 2022

Adoptive immunotherapy using NK cells has become a promising therapeutic area. NK cells are a component of the innate immune system, act as key regulators, and have potent antitumor cytolytic activity. In order to be able to evaluate the therapeutic effect of adoptive NK cell immunotherapy at preclinical stages, there is a need for reliable protocols for in vitro production of NK cells. There are a large number of publications on methods for activating and generating human NK cells, including using feeder-cells and various cytokines. The article describes the experience of cultivation of NK cells from cancer patients or donors with feedercells and without feeder-cells (control group). The K562 cell line was used as a feeder after irradiation of two types: after gene modification of K562 (gmK562) with membrane-bound mbIL15, mbIL21 and without it. NK cells donors and cancer patients were mixed with K562 in a ratio of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:5 on 0, 7 and 14 days respectively. Daily morphological assessment showed that, NK cells donors and cancer patients began to proliferate and increase in size, while the viability of feeder cells began to decrease after 3 days of cultivation, and they were less than 20% on 21 days. NK cells of donors and cancer patients went into apoptosis, their viability level decreased to 70% in the control group (without feeder-cells) after 3 days of cultivation. A comparative evaluation of two different methods of obtaining human NK cells was carried out. It was shown when NK cells were isolated by magnetic selection, the proportion of CD3-CD56+CD16+ cells were more than 90%, and after the removal of adherent cells, it was at least 60%. When cultivating NK cells cancer patients (after magnetic separation) together with gmK562 on the 21st day, it was possible to increase the number of NK cells up to 85 times. When cultivating NK cells donors (after adhesion) together with non-genetically modified K562 cells on 21 days, it was possible to increase the number of NK cells up to 8 times. It was shown that in the supernatants collected during the cultivation of NK cells with feeder cells (both irradiated with K562 and genetically modified with K562), the concentrations of TNFα and IFNγ increased many times relative to the control group. The optimal conditions for culturing NK cells were experimentally selected to obtain a large number of NK cells.
Outcomes of sepsis: a new look at old problems
Authors: Savochkina A. Yu. , Pykhova L. R. , Abramovskikh O. S. , Chetvernina E. A. , Poltorak A. E.
Published: July 2022

Infections represent a common health problem in people at any age. Usually, a local reaction develops in response to the infection, and intensive treatment is not required. However, sometimes the response to infection is inadequate and may lead to organ dysfunction; such condition is defined as septic state. The pathophysiology of sepsis is multifactorial, and the immune system is directly involved in development of pathological processes accompanying septic conditions. Dysregulatory disorders in sepsis may be observed, in particular, those affecting immune system and, immediately, innate immunity, which presents the first line of immune defense. Currently, neutrophilic granulocytes are considered important players in development and maintenance of inflammatory processes, which is due to their ability to produce various inflammatory mediators. At the same time, at different stages of pathogenesis, immune factors and mechanisms act both as a generating factors and effectors of damage reactions, as well as the main components of the defense responses. Uncontrolled release of endogenous inflammatory mediators induced by microorganisms, and lack of damagelimiting mechanisms mutually synergize when promoting the organ dysfunction. Hence, dysfunction of the immune system may develop and deepen upon any inappropriate strategy of response to distinct infectious pathogen. The aim of our study was to assess the spectrum of microorganisms, levels of neutrophilic extracellular traps (NVL), PAD4, IL-6, IL-8 and their correlations in the patients with sepsis and septic shock, depending on the outcome of the disease. The study included 44 patients with sepsis and septic shock, and 20 apparently healthy donors. Peripheral blood samples were taken from the ulnar vein serially in dynamics, from the moment of diagnosis to clinical outcome. Microbiological and immunological studies have been carried out. The obtained data were processed with “SPSS Statistic 23.0” software. Development of septic conditions was found to be accompanied by a significant changes in the levels of studied immunological parameters (NLV, IL-6, IL-8 and PAD4). Toxicity of lysosomal enzymes and oxygen metabolites present in neutrophilic extracellular traps leads to endothelial damage, appearance of focal intravascular inflammation, which, along with damaging effects of microorganisms and their toxins, leads to development of organ failure and onset. High burden   of these factors is most likely to cause lethal outcomes.
Role of cytokine and Toll-like receptor genes in pathogenesis of inborn heart disease
Authors: Shabaldin A. V. , Sinitskaya A. V. , Shmulevich S. A.
Published: July 2022

Sporadic congenital heart disease (CHD) may result from immune disorders in the mother – embryo system and/or constitutional disorders in regulatory systems, including those associated with TLR receptors, cytokines and their receptors. The aim of our study was to investigate associations between cytokine and TLR genes and sporadic congenital heart disease in children. In the main group, 188 children with sporadic (without family history) congenital heart defects were examined. Separate groups of CHD were identified: septal CHD – 98 children; valvular heart disease – 17 children; Fallot tetralogy – 15 children; aorta coarctation – 10 children; fetal drains – 32 children; single ventricle affection – 9 children, and anomalous drainage of v. pulmonalis was diagnosed in 7 children. The control group included 103 age- and sex-matched healthy children. We have determined gene polymorphisms of five genes encoding cytokines and their receptors (IL6 rs1800796, IL6 rs2069827, IL6R rs2228145, IL6R rs2229238, IL8 rs4073, IL10 rs1800871, IL10 rs1800896, IL10 rs1800872, TNF rs1800629, TNF rs361525, TNF rs1799964), four genes Toll-like receptors (TLR: TLR1 rs5743611, TLR1 rs5743551, TLR2 rs5743708, TLR2 rs3804099, TLR4 rs4986791, TLR4 rs4986790, TLR6 rs3775073, TLR6 rs5743810). The dbSNP, SNPinfo, SNPnexus databases were used to select and design test systems. Stepwise logistic regression was the main method of statistical analysis. Clinical diagnosis of congenital heart defects is associated with immune regulatory genes. In particular, the missense mutation TLR6 rs5743810, which was a predictor of congenital valvular heart disease, is of particular importance. Development of congenital heart valve defects and aortic coarctation is associated with intergenic interactions of TLR2 rs5743708 with TLR6 rs5743810, and TLR2 rs5743708 with TLR6 rs3775073, respectively. For congenital heart valve defects, such polymorphic regions are as follows: IL6 rs2069827, IL6R rs2229238, and IL8 rs4073, for aortic coarctation – IL6R rs2228145, IL8 rs4073. Development of septal congenital heart defects is associated with general contribution of polymorphic variants of the TLR genes and cytokines to this pathology. A missense mutation of the TLR4 rs4986790 gene and a TNF rs1799964 mutation leading to increased synthesis of the TNFα molecule, may have a combined effect on this process. In general, contribution of TLR and cytokine genes interactions to the CHD development seems to be not significant.
Stress-induced MICA and MICB molecules in oncology
Authors: Yurevna S. A. , Smirnov I. V. , Samoylovich M. P.
Published: July 2022

MICA and MICB molecules, MHC class I chain-related proteins, are expressed on the membranes of damaged, transformed or infected cells. These glycoproteins bind to the NKG2D receptor of NK cells, resulting in their activation and cytotoxic response against MICA- and/or MICB-expressing cells. Expression of NKG2D receptor ligands allows the elimination of tumor and damaged cells. Soluble forms of MICA/B proteins are produced as a result of protein cleavage. Binding of soluble ligands to NKG2D receptors causes their internalization and degradation, leading to a decrease in NK cell activity. Malignant growth of gastrointestinal tissues, pancreas, liver, kidney, lung, skin, and blood cancers is accompanied by increased concentration of soluble MICA/B in blood plasma of the patients. High concentrations of these proteins are associated with lower overall and recurrence-free survival in the patients. Soluble MICA/B contribute to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and increase in their plasma contents is considered an index of tumor escape from the immune surveillance. The role of MICA/B protein changes during carcinogenesis is also under studies. At the early stage of tumor formation, these proteins contribute to activation of NK cells and elimination of transformed cells, whereas, at the later stage of this process, the increased production of its soluble forms leads to a decrease in anti-tumor activity of NK cells. Standard cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy, is accompanied by increased density of these molecules on the tumor cells. In addition, preclinical studies show that inhibition of MICA/B shedding with antibodies or their derivatives may also promote the anti-tumor activity of NK cells. This review summarizes basic information on the biology of MICA/B molecules, their expression by normal and transformed cells, elucidates the role of these molecules in anti-tumor immune surveillance, and provides information on the potential use of MICA/B in diagnosis and therapy of malignant diseases.
Comparison of sampling designs from the two editions of the Brazilian National Health Survey, 2013 and 2019
Authors: Souza Júnior Paulo Roberto Borges de , Szwarcwald Celia Landmann , Almeida Wanessa da Silva de , Damacena Giseli Nogueira , Pedroso Marcel de Moraes , Sousa Carlos Augusto Moreira de , Morais Igor da Silva , Saldanha Raphael de Freitas , Lima Jefferson , Stopa Sheila Rizzato
Published: July 2022

Our objective is to describe the differences in the sampling plans of the two editions of the Brazilian National Health Survey (PNS 2013 and 2019) and to evaluate how the changes affected the coefficient of variation (CV) and the design effect (Deff) of some estimated indicators. Variables from different parts of the questionnaire were analyzed to cover proportions with different magnitudes. The prevalence of obesity was included in the analysis since anthropometry measurement in the 2019 survey was performed in a subsample. The value of the point estimate, CV, and the Deff were calculated for each indicator, considering the stratification of the primary sampling units, the weighting of the sampling units, and the clustering effect. The CV and the Deff were lower in the 2019 estimates for most indicators. Concerning the questionnaire indicators of all household members, the Deffs were high and reached values greater than 18 for having a health insurance plan. Regarding the indicators of the individual questionnaire, for the prevalence of obesity, the Deff ranged from 2.7 to 4.2, in 2013, and from 2.7 to 10.2, in 2019. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes per Federative Unit had a higher CV and lower Deff. Expanding the sample size to meet the diverse health objectives and the high Deff are significant challenges for developing probabilistic household-based national survey. New probabilistic sampling strategies should be considered to reduce costs and clustering effects.
Teleconsulta como prática avançada de enfermagem na pandemia de COVID-19 à luz de Roy e Chick-Meleis
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Auxiliadora , Hercules Ana Beatriz Serra , Gnatta Juliana Rizzo , Coelho Juliana Chaves , Mota Aline Nair Biaggio , Pierin Angela Maria Geraldo , Santana Rosimere Ferreira
Published: July 2022

RESUMO A teleconsulta pode ser definida como uma prática avançada de enfermagem que requer do enfermeiro raciocínio clínico fundamentado em um arcabouço teórico consistente para aplicação no processo de enfermagem. No presente estudo, realizou-se uma análise teórico-reflexiva, fundamentada no Modelo de Adaptação de Callista Roy e na Teoria de Transição de Chick-Meleis, sobre a contribuição da teleconsulta como prática avançada de enfermagem no atendimento a pacientes idosos e com doenças crônicas no contexto da pandemia de covid-19. A reflexão é apresentada em dois momentos: “teorias de enfermagem e o enfrentamento da covid-19” e “formas de adaptação a novos modelos de assistência e as práticas avançadas em enfermagem”, norteados pelas tecnologias de comunicação e informação. O agravamento da pandemia no Brasil trouxe mudanças relacionadas aos ciclos de vida, aos processos saúde/doença e organizacionais, demandando o desenvolvimento de um estado adaptativo-transacional por parte dos usuários e profissionais de saúde. Neste contexto, as tecnologias da informação e comunicação aliadas à prática avançada de enfermagem representam papel fundamental para atenuar o distanciamento social e suas repercussões na assistência à saúde.
Evaluating ultrasound pre-treatment as a tool for improving the process of a fermented beverage made from pineapple by-products
Authors: Aguilar Karla
Published: July 2022

Abstract Fermentation has the potential of converting fruit by-products into value-added products via an efficient, sustainable, and low-cost process. Traditionally, Mexicans use pineapple residues to produce a fermented beverage called tepache. As this soft drink is increasingly consumed in restaurants, it is necessary to develop an effective and reliable process to yield a final product with desirable physicochemical properties. In this work, tepache was prepared using an ultrasound pre-treatment to enhance the fermentation process and improve the end-product quality. The ultrasound was provided by a probe (25 kHz, 400 W) submerged in pineapple preparations before fermentation. Characterization of physicochemical properties was performed on samples processed under different types of amplitude (20 and 100%) and sonication time (5 and 10 min). In all samples, the pH, acidity, and ºBrix values were similar to those in commercial tepaches. On the other hand, microscopy revealed that 5 min of sonication induced positive changes in the suspended matter responsible for the physical stability of fruit beverages. The tepaches obtained with this method had color uniformity. Indeed, 5 min of sonication at the highest amplitude (16.34 kJ・cm-2) augmented the soluble solids during the initial phases of fermentation. Moreover, the results from IR spectroscopy proved that ultrasound helped the ethanol release from yeasts. The maximum ethanol yield, calculated by model fitting, had a positive variation of 35%. These findings prove that ultrasound is capable to induce physicochemical changes useful for the industrial production of tepache.
Excessive fluid volume risk middle-range theory
Authors: Fernandes Maria Isabel da Conceição Dias , Dantas Juliane Rangel , Gabriel Maynara Caroline Gomes , Matias Karolayne Cabral , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Lira Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objective to construct a middle range theory for developing the excessive fluid volume risk diagnostic proposition in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Method this is a methodological study, developed for the theoretical-causal validity of a nursing diagnosis. The study was carried out in four stages: study selection, identification of the main concepts of the theory, pictogram construction and proposition elaboration. These steps were operationalized through an integrative literature review, with a sample of 82 articles selected from the Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Science Direct databases. Results the data extracted from the sample articles enabled identifying five essential terms to define excessive fluid volume risk. Furthermore, 31 etiological factors of excessive fluid volume risk were identified, in addition to a pictogram and 12 propositions. Conclusion and implications for practice the construction of a middle-range theory focused on excessive fluid volume risk in patients undergoing hemodialysis refines terminology and expands the understanding of nursing phenomena. Thus, the data from this research will provide clear and robust knowledge for the conduct of nurses’ actions in clinical practice.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the professional clinical practice of occupational therapy
Authors: Moreno-Chaparro Jaime , Calderón-Calvo Alejandro , Cubillos-Mesa Cristian , Sánchez Santamaría Katherine Johanna , Martínez Sánchez Miguel Eduardo
Published: July 2022

Abstract Introduction A series of restrictive health care measures emerged limiting actions that include the work of occupational therapists and proposing adaptations to provide care to people who require it. Objective To identify the impact and adaptations in the care of Occupational Therapy clinical professionals due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia. Methods Cross-sectional study that applies an online questionnaire in January-February 2021 to Colombian occupational therapists in clinical/hospital settings. Sociodemographic variables, clinical professional practice, and the impact of COVID-19 in terms of job loss, modifications, and adaptations for the intervention were analyzed. Descriptive analyzes are performed by variable and a Chi-square test of independence is applied for associations between variables. Results 382 Colombian occupational therapists participated. The average time of professional practice was 10.8 years. Of the total, 89% worked before the pandemic and continued their work, and at least 64% claimed that they lost their job due to COVID-19. Of those who continued to work, 20.5% did so virtually and 79.5% in a face-to-face clinic. On a virtual level, 89% did it due to a job requirement and at least 53% did it without training in telehealth. In face-to-face, 68% reported restrictions in the actions practiced and decreased referrals to therapy. Conclusions The pandemic has resized the actions of the occupational therapist, has modified the means and forms of intervention, allowing the reinvention of their work.
Avaliação da sazonalidade do fenômeno da primeira carga de lavagem em um sistema de captação e armazenamento de águas pluviais
Authors: Souza Caroline Moreira de , Almeida Jaqueline Costa Areas de , Alves Letícia Delduque , Domingos Ryan Rodrigues , Bila Daniele Maia , Ohnuma Júnior Alfredo Akira
Published: July 2022

RESUMO O escoamento superficial de áreas urbanas é capaz de transportar poluentes para os sistemas de armazenamento de água. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a concentração de poluentes no dispositivo de separação inicial, denominado first flush (FF), e no reservatório (RR), conforme as estações do ano, em amostras de água de chuva, por meio da Concentração Média do Evento (CME) e das curvas M(V). A metodologia consistiu na análise de 68 amostras coletadas em um sistema de águas pluviais (SAP) na cidade do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), entre 2013 e 2019, e no tratamento estatístico de dados. Foram analisados os parâmetros turbidez (TU), sólidos totais dissolvidos (STD), alcalinidade (ALC) e cloreto (CLO) nos dispositivos FF e RR. Os resultados indicaram baixa correlação de dados entre os parâmetros e as estações do ano. No verão, a precipitação propiciou maior diluição dos poluentes, em que os parâmetros TU e STD apresentaram valores menores, quando comparado às outras estações do ano, sobretudo em razão da instabilidade atmosférica. Os parâmetros CLO e ALC indicaram elevada ocorrência da primeira carga de lavagem (PCL) na primavera. O FF apresentou uma CME de turbidez de 73 UNT, enquanto no RR o valor foi de 4,3 UNT. Nos demais parâmetros analisados, o comportamento foi similar, de modo a evidenciar a concentração de poluentes no dispositivo FF, como medida de separar o volume inicial escoado superficialmente. Conclui-se que a instalação do FF é fundamental em sistemas de águas pluviais em razão da redução significativa da CME pelo descarte inicial de poluentes no volume armazenado no RR, independentemente da estação do ano.
O impacto ambiental da atividade agrícola na Reserva Biológica do Mato Grande – RS
Authors: Campelo Leandro de Oliveira , Mizuschima Catiúscia Weinert , Canterle Eliete Regina Bertazzo , Vaz Bernardo dos Santos
Published: July 2022

RESUMO A Reserva Biológica (REBIO) do Mato Grande é uma unidade de conservação localizada no município de Arroio Grande, no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. A sua zona de amortização possui 40 propriedades rurais cadastradas no sistema irrigante da Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental do Rio Grande do Sul, das quais 82% utilizam Roundup (original e transorb), que tem como princípio ativo o glifosato. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o impacto ambiental da atividade agrícola na REBIO Mato Grande por meio de marcadores de poluentes no ambiente e a comunidade de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em três pontos do Arroio Moreira, por ser o que mais contribui com volume hídrico. O indicador de lançamento de efluentes domésticos (alquilbenzeno linear sulfonado) não foi encontrado nas estações de coleta analisadas, o que mostra que os impactos sobre a fauna aquática não possuem contribuição significativa de atividades domésticas. Por outro lado, o marcador de atividade agrícola glifosato foi encontrado em um dos pontos (0,08 mg.L−1), estando acima do valor máximo permitido (0,065 mg.L−1) pela Resolução do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (CONAMA) nº 357/2005. Ocorreu diminuição em todas as métricas biológicas analisadas (riqueza, índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener e abundância) e alterações dos parâmetros abióticos como oxigênio dissolvido, condutividade, turbidez e sólidos totais dissolvidos. Permitindo concluir que a orizicultura contribui significativamente para a perturbação do ambiente analisado.