bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Manuskrip Al-Quran Madura: Analisis Terhadap Kodikologi Manuskrip al-Quran MSS 4322 Koleksi Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Manuscripts of Al-Quran in Madura: An Analysis of the Codicology of Manuscripts al-Quran MSS 4322 from National Library of Malaysia Collection
Authors: Omar Siti Azwanie Binti Che , Ariffin Sedek Bin
Published: April 2023

Copying Mashaf Al-Quran with handwriting became a tradition of the Malay community once upon a time as a vehicle for the spread of Islam in the archipelago. As a result, the scientific heritage of the Islamic community in the form of manuscripts or printed materials produced with high quality. Therefore, this article’s purpose is to elucidate the history of the al-Quran manuscript writing in Indonesia, and also explain in detail about the history of al-Quran manuscript writing in Madura besides the focuses on the codicology found in al-Quran manuscript MSS 4322 which has been collected in the National Library of Malaysia. This study uses a qualitative approach with philological methods. The findings show that the history of the writing of the Qurʾan in Madura took place in line with the arrival and spread of Islam in the region of Madura in the 15th century AD. Based on the codicological analysis it was found that this manuscript came from the country of Madura, Indonesia. This is because it was written in the manuscripts that Pangeran Jimat was ruler of Madura in the 18th century AD. The writing uses daluang paper with a naskhi style writing model. This research shows that the rasm used in the mashaf tends more to rasm Imlaʾi. The beautiful illumination is with the drawing of spiral leaves as a result of a combination of various colors. The findings show that the author submits a proposal so that this manuscript can be digitized as a scholarly heritage so that it will last for a long time and help the community to more easily access it in a digital form that is sustainable in nature. In conclusion, this manuscript of the Qurʾan is a masterpiece that will enhance the dignity and writings of previous scholars academically and more authoritatively to the digital generation, especially in the field of the Qurʾan.
Fathers Who Completed Their Sons’ Books: Qāssim bin Thābit bin Ḥazm Al-Saraqusṭī and His Father as a Model
Authors: Saad Kassem Ali , Shehade Mona Mostafa
Published: April 2023

Ḥadīth scholars excelled in continuing the efforts of their precedents by; completing their unfinished work, making up for missed ones, or by fathers completing their sons’ unfinished work; a noble service from the eldest to the books of the youngest. The first scholar known for this is Thābit bin Ḥazm al-Saraqusṭī who completed his son’s Qāssim unfinished book (al-Dalāʾil), when Qāssim died before completing it. This book is not only considered as the most valuable one among Gharīb al-Ḥadīth books in Andalusīya but, as one of the most important books in Gharīb al-Ḥadīth in general. The author based his book al-Dalāīyl on the previous work of Abī Ūbayd al-Qāssim bin Sallām and Ibn Qutayba’s known books in Gharīb al-Ḥadīth, adding to what they’ve missed. He followed their methodology starting with al-Ḥadīth al-Marfoūʿ, followed by al-Mawqūf, then al-Maqṭūʿ, and maintained the precursor’s approach in referencing. Several scholars benefited enormously from this book and classified it among their valued resources. Thābit bin Qāssim bin Thābit – the grandson – was the key narrator for this book, assisting in its spread.
On Revision and Reconstruction: A Discussion about the Founding Year of the Jin Dynasty and Related Questions
Authors: Qiu Jingjia
Published: April 2023

According to records in the Jinshi, Wanyan Aguda established the Jin dynasty and proclaimed himself emperor in the year 1115. He selected the dynastic name Da Jin and the era name Shouguo. Liu Pujiang’s publications, however, have raised serious doubts about the Jinshi version of the Jin dynasty’s founding narrative and sparked a scholarly debate on the matter. On the basis of Liu Pujiang’s research and by careful analysis of records on the founding of the Jin state in Song and Yuan dynasties documents and stone inscriptions, this article manages to restore a rough picture of the real history of the early Jin. On advice by his counsellor Yang Pu, Aguda established the Jin dynasty and declared himself emperor in the seventh year (1117) of the Tianqing period of the Liao. He proclaimed the dynastic name Da Jin and the era name Tianfu. The founding history of the Jin dynasty as described in the Jinshi should be considered the product of historical revision that occurred during the rewriting process of the Taizu shilu. The era name Shouguo was only created retrospectively.
On the Issue of Determining the Founding Year of the “Great Mongol Nation”
Authors: Chen Xiaowei
Published: April 2023

The exact date of creation of the “Great Mongolian Nation” has long been a controversial topic. This article will point out that, according to the history of Mongolia and the Yuan dynasty as described in The History of the Buddha, the name “Great Mongol Nation” was first used in the Xinwei year. Since the source of the historical materials used to compile the Fozu lidai tongzai most likely were related to manuscripts used in the compilation and revision of Taizu shilu earlier in the Yuan dynasty, this should be a fairly trustworthy source. It is therefore possible to infer that Genghis Khan coined the term “Yeke Mongγol Ulus” (i.e., Great Mongol Nation) in 1211. As this was also the year that the Mongols began their war with the Jin dynasty, the creation of the “Great Mongol Nation” was a political move closely related to then ongoing matters of now historical significance and – in terms of the eventual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by the Mongolians – it had both far-reaching political impact and important strategic significance.
A New Study of the Title of the Reigning Dynasty during the Pre-Qing Period
Authors: Lu Zhengheng , Huang Yinong
Published: April 2023

What was the title of the reigning dynasty from the time when Nurhachi assumed the title of “khan” to the time when Hong Taiji declared himself emperor? There remains controversy among scholars as to whether the title “Jin” 金 or “Later Jin” 後金 was used, or if both were in use during different periods. Based on voluminous historical sources dating to the pre-Qing period, which have been published and even digitized in recent years, in addition to conducting the first comprehensive search of relevant Manchu and Chinese sources as well as artifacts, the authors have confirmed that there is no conclusive evidence proving that “Later Jin” was once used as the title of the reigning dynasty. Based on over a hundred instances of official usage of the title “Jin,” the authors have also concluded that the title of the reigning dynasty remained “Jin” during the entire pre-Qing period and that “Tianming” (Mandate of Heaven) was not the title of an emperor’s reign.
Aristocratic Families in the Jianghuai Region during the Tang-Song Interregnum
Authors: Ng Pak-sheung
Published: April 2023

With an emphasis on the Jianghuai region, this article aims to study the activities of aristocratic families during the Tang-Song Interregnum. Some aristocratic families managed to survive but were no longer in a position to carry out the cultural functions they had performed during the Tang dynasty. Based on the discussions undertaken by the article, aristocratic families played no evident role in political and cultural domains during the reign of Yang Wu and the Southern Tang. As such, total disappearance of the political and cultural capabilities of this privileged class in the Jianghuai region may have already taken place prior to the founding of the Southern Tang.
The Gnostic Accusation
Authors: Barton Jason
Published: April 2023

Initiated almost 200 years ago, the accusation that G.W.F. Hegel’s philosophy qualifies as Gnostic has stood the test of time. Beginning with Ferdinand Christian Baur’s 1835 Die christliche Gnosis, thinkers have attempted to inextricably bind Hegel’s philosophical endeavors to the ancient form(s) of religious knowledge production known as ‘Gnosticism’. Two additional figures have surfaced more recently who also champion the Gnostic accusation, namely Eric Voegelin and James Lindsay. Voegelin’s 1968 Science, Politics, and Gnosticism as well as his 1972 ‘On Hegel: A Study in Sorcery’ seek to justify and legitimize the Gnostic accusation in unequivocal terms. Lindsay’s 2022 best-seller, Race Marxism, further perpetuates the charge of Gnosticism against Hegel. I aim to deal with each of these figures and their respective accusations in reverse chronological order, demonstrating how each of them must artificially construct Hegel as a Gnostic in order to successfully defend their accusations.
Panentheism, History and the Problem of Evil
Authors: Jampol-Petzinger Andrew M.
Published: April 2023

In this paper I consider the thought of two Jewish existentialists from the first half of the 20th century, showing how their critique of pantheistic and panentheistic thinking grounded novel ideas about politics, history and human thought. In place of a concept of history directed towards a teleological redemption of suffering in the future, Lev Shestov (1866–1938) and Benjamin Fondane (1898–1944) abandoned notions of philosophical rationality in order to avow a ‘reversal’ of history according to which historical suffering could be expiated through the unforeseeable powers of the divine. From here, I look at the work of a contemporaneous philosopher – Walter Benjamin (1892–1940) – for the way in which his own conception of history as ‘rescuing’ the past provides an alternative panentheism, one according to which political responsibility derives from a need to redeem God whose existence has been exiled throughout the mundane world.
Valve Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Enigmatic Diatom Cymbopleura semirecta (Manguin ex Kociolek & Reviers) Bahls
Authors: THIROUIN KEVIN , KOCIOLEK J.P.
Published: April 2023

We report the occurrence of the rare and enigmatic diatom species Cymbopleura semirecta (Manguin ex Kociolek & Reviers) Bahls here for the first time from the southern Rocky Mountains. We review the current systematics and historic taxonomic placement of this taxon and its placement in both Cymbella and Cymbopleura. Valve morphology and ultrastructure are presented based on light (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM)_investigations. LM and SEM observations show this species lacks apical pore fields, a key feature helping to definitively place this taxon in Cymbopleura. We discuss the distribution of this species in higher latitude freshwater environments.
Gibbalaria : A new genus of Olethreutini from the Afrotropical Region (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Olethreutinae), and a new combination in Cosmopoda Diakonoff
Authors: BROWN JOHN W. , AARVIK LEIF , TIMM ALICIA
Published: April 2023

Gibbalaria Brown and Aarvik, new genus, is described to accommodate the following species: G. divergana Brown and Aarvik, new species (TL: South Africa); G. occidentana Brown and Aarvik, new species (TL: South Africa); G. chiloanei Brown and Aarvik, new species (TL: South Africa); G. scabellana Zeller, 1852, new combination (TL: South Africa); G. mabalingwae Razowski, 2008, status revised, new combination (TL: South Africa); G. longiphallus Brown and Aarvik, new species (TL: South Africa); G. bagamoyo (Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2014), new combination (TL: Tanzania); and G. analcis (Razowski, 2015), new combination (TL: Republic of Cameroon). Gibbalaria sistrata (Meyrick, 1911), new combination (TL: South Africa), is synonymized with G. scabellana, new synonymy. Although the male genitalia of Gibbalaria form two moderately divergent groups, the two groups share extremely similar female genitalia, which feature a broad, somewhat cylindrical antrum, followed immediately anterad by a conspicuously elbowed region of the ductus bursae forming a weak diverticulum on the left side, and a signum in the form of a patch of small arrowhead-shaped sclerites, usually with a shallow pocket. Male genitalia morphology shows many similarities with the Neopotamia group (Olethreutini), Afroploce Aarvik in particular. The monophyly of Gibbalaria is supported by the raised, curled, opalescent scales on the forewing in both sexes, which occurs in a few other genera scattered through the subfamily (e.g., Thylacandra Diakonoff in Grapholitini; Astronauta Diakonoff and Cosmopoda Diakonoff in Olethreutini); the angled diverticulum in the ductus bursae in the female genitalia; the subrectangular flange from the lower margin of the valva immediately basal to the cucullus; and the setose, protruding ridge immediate above the basal cavity, which appears to be homologous with the subbasal process of the valva in many members of the Neopotamia group of genera. In addition, Diakonoffiana graziani Razowski, 2015 (TL: Republic of Cameroon) is transferred to Cosmopoda Diakonoff, resulting in C. graziani (Razowski), new combination.
A new species of planthopper in the genus Jamaha (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Nogodinidae) from the Northeastern coast of Jamaica
Authors: BAHDER BRIAN W. , MYRIE WAYNE , HELMICK ERICKA E. , DAM ALEX R. VAN , BARTLETT CHARLES R.
Published: April 2023

A new species of Jamaha Gnezdilov & O’Brien, 2008, is described from Jamaica and compared with other species in the genus. A key to the species of Jamaha is provided. Molecular data for the five-prime region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene and 18S rRNA gene is provided and compared to available Colpopterini, with other Nogodinidae as the outgroup, for a preliminary phylogenetic analysis. While the Colpopterini grouped with high support, these data remain too sparse to draw firm conclusions.
Machine Learning Method for Road Vehicle Collected Data Analysis
Authors: Carvalho Mateus , Hangan Horia
Published: April 2023

A major challenge encountered in the development of systems exposed to weather stressors, such as autonomous vehicles and unstaffed aerial vehicles, is to ensure their proper functioning under adverse rain or snow conditions. Since the sensing of the surroundings by these vehicles relies on optical sensors such as lidars and cameras, it is essential to ensure the robustness of these systems from the early stages of the project. In this respect, experiments in climatic wind tunnels provide a solution for simulating the operating conditions that the autonomous vehicles will confront. This work proposes a method based on field measurements and unsupervised machine learning to faithfully reproduce in controlled environments real weather conditions captured during wintertime in Ontario, Canada. The purpose of this paper is not to investigate correlations between observed weather conditions and the characteristics of the precipitation encountered, but rather to establish a consistent method based on outdoor disdrometer data to identify critical parameters to be simulated in climatic wind tunnels. To achieve this goal, weather data such as temperature, relative humidity, and droplet size distribution were recorded at General Motors’s McLaughlin Advanced Technology Track (MATT) using an FD70 disdrometer and WXT530 weather transmitter, both manufactured by Vaisala, installed on a car provided by the Automotive Center of Excellent (ACE) team of the University of Ontario Institute of Technology. The implementation of the proposed method allowed the identification of precipitation clusters characterized by parameters of a theoretical model for particle size distributions fitted to the collected data.
Spring Snowpack Influences on the Volume and Timing of Spring and Peak-Season Overnight Visitation to Yosemite Wilderness
Authors: Jenkins Jeffrey S. , Abatzoglou John T. , Peterson Brian A.
Published: April 2023

Wilderness visitation, particularly overnight use, is reactive to climate variability because backpackers face greater exposure to and dependence on environmental conditions. This study examines the effect that spring snowpack had on the timing and volume of permits issued for overnight use of the Yosemite Wilderness during peak and shoulder-season months (April–October) from 2002 to 2019. We categorize 1 April snowpack at Tuolumne Meadows into snow drought (<75%), high snowpack (>125%), and near-average snowpack (75%–125%). Results confirm wilderness-wide differences between snowpack categories, including change in spring overnight visitors (April–June: +20% snow drought and −28% high snowpack). Our findings confirm that snow drought allows for more access to high-elevation trailheads when seasonal roads are open earlier in spring (May–June: +74% Tioga Road and +81% Tuolumne Meadows). Mid- to high-elevation trailheads experience a sustained increase in use during high-snowpack years (June–October: +12% Yosemite Valley and Big Oak Flat; +15% Glacier Point Road and Wawona; +32% Hetch Hetchy) because a narrower seasonal access window leads to filled permit quotas in the high country and displaces use to lower-elevation trailheads. These findings have implications for wilderness stewards, including biophysical and experiential impacts on wilderness character from earlier and longer seasons, especially at higher elevation and in fragile alpine and subalpine areas, as snow drought in mountain-protected areas becomes more common. Recommendations to address greater early-season use and its attendant impacts include adaptively managing permits for different types of snowpack years, including potential changes in the number, timing, and destination of select trailhead quotas.
Populist Antitrust: The Case of FTC v. Facebook
Authors: Hazlett Thomas W.
Published: April 2023

A novel theory of antitrust law may be tested in the case of Federal Trade Commission (FTC) v. Facebook. It focuses on how pricing might be monopolistic even when the goods delivered to end users are zero-priced. While there is considerable political momentum behind a regulatory push to toughen antitrust sanctions on digital platforms in general and Facebook in particular, the economic theory behind the Government’s antitrust case is shown to be uncompelling. That does not mean it will necessarily be rejected by a given court, but the chances of the case succeeding and then surviving the full gamut of appeals is low. However, that predicted outcome may well calibrate the considerable space between the existing legal equilibrium and an emerging electoral policy equilibrium. If so, the expected outcome may well fuel the populist movement pushing legislation to fundamentally alter the antitrust statutes.
The Consequences of Militarized Policing for Human Rights: Evidence from Mexico
Authors: Flores-Macías Gustavo , Zarkin Jessica
Published: April 2023

What are the consequences of the militarization of public safety? Governments increasingly rely on militaries for policing, but the systematic study of this phenomenon’s consequences for human rights has been neglected. NGO and journalistic accounts point to widespread violations by the military, but these snapshots do not necessarily present evidence of systematic abuse. Based on unique data on military deployments and human rights complaints in Mexico, we conduct a systematic, country-wide study of the consequences of constabularization for human rights. Following matching and difference-in-difference strategies, we find that it leads to a 150% increase in complaints against federal security forces. We also leverage deployments for disaster-relief operations and complaints against non-security institutions to show that the increase is not due to underlying conditions or higher reporting in the military’s presence. The findings have important implications for our understanding of quality of democracy and the democratic ideals of civilian policing.
An exploratory study on the 10-year dynamic changes of mental health policy development and media stigma reporting in China (2011–2020)
Authors: Li Shuo , Shi Yawen , Chen Tianzhen , Zhao Min
Published: April 2023

Background:

China has introduced a large number of national mental health policies over the past decade. However, few studies have touched on what changes the policies brought to the media.

Aims:

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between stigma reports, classifications of mental disorders (SMI: severe mental illness vs. CMD: common mental disorders) and sources of information (mental health professionals vs. non-mental health professionals) from 2011 to 2020 in China Daily, an established official media of China.

Method:

This study consists of policy review and media review. The policy review reviewed the media management content in Chinese national plans, policies, and laws on mental health from 2011 to 2020. China Daily news articles reporting mental illness-related topics were included in this study as the media material. After a two-step review, the eligible news articles were coded with a structured codebook. The proportion and frequency of stigma depiction of mental disorders, classifications of mental disorders and source of information were counted by year. Chi-test was undertaken to determine the relationship between stigma reports and different classifications of mental disorders and sources of information. An exploratory analysis was conducted to explore the changes in depiction around time points of policy publications.

Results:

The number of anti-stigmatizing articles increased significantly from 2011 to 2020. There is a statistical difference in the proportion of stigmatizing codes between articles featuring SMI and CMD (χ2 = 44.56, p < .001) and different sources of information (χ2 = 78.49, p < .001). And the statistical difference remained over the decade.

Conclusion:

The results of the research indicate that the media may have alleviated the problem of stigma. But the subtle stigmatization still exists, which needs joint efforts of the government and media.
Medical termination of pregnancy: A global perspective and Indian scenario
Authors: Jadav Devendra , C Bhargava Daideepya , Meshram Vikas , S Shekhawat Raghvendra , Kanchan Tanuj
Published: April 2023

Abortion has always been a vital issue in reproductive and legal medicine. Globally, medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) is allowed primarily on six grounds: (1) to save the life of a woman, (2) risk to the physical and mental health of a woman, (3) pregnancy due to rape or incest, (4) risk of a child being born with a serious fetal anomaly, (5) socio-economic reasons, (6) a woman's request. Most countries have standard legal abortion policies, yet there remains disparity with respect to prohibition, gestational age limit, specific grounds, etc. Abortion laws are constantly changing globally based on regional social and economic viewpoints. Recently, some countries have liberalised their abortion laws, while a few have further restricted theirs. While some countries still completely prohibit MTP. Like some others, India amended its MTP law in 2021. We consider the medico-legal and ethical issues and examine existing MTP laws both globally and as generally applied in India.
Prediction of parameters in the laser fading process of denim using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Tong Yiyang , Wang Qian , Wang Zhen , Liang Zihui , Xu Qiang , Zuo Danying , Yi Changhai
Published: April 2023

Laser technology has been widely used in ecological fading of denim. However, the setting of parameters in the laser fading process mainly depends on the subjective experience of workers. After many attempts, an approximate effect can hardly be obtained. There are various defects in this way such as low fading efficiency, poor fading effect and high production cost, etc. This study proposed a novel method for predicting the parameters of the denim laser fading process using convolutional neural network technology. It starts from data collection, and uses laser technology to select different combinations of laser parameters to conduct laser fading experiments on 100% cotton indigo denim fabrics, and obtains denim image datasets of different laser fading effects. The prediction model of parameters in the laser fading process of denim was established by learning from the dataset with the convolutional neural network. The model could intelligently generate the approximation parameter group according to the fading image and performed well on the validation dataset with finite prediction error. Based on the obtained parameters, it could be effectively used and dramatically reduced the manpower and material resources in setting up a denim laser fading process.
Long-term trends in settlement persistence in Southwest Asia: Implications for sustainable urbanism, past, present and future
Authors: Lawrence Dan , de Gruchy Michelle W , Hinojosa-Baliño Israel , Al-Hamdani Abdulameer
Published: April 2023

Southwest Asia saw the emergence of large settlements in the Early Holocene, and the world’s first urban communities around 6000 years ago, with cities a feature of the region ever since. These developed in diverse environmental settings, including the dry-farming plains of Northern Mesopotamia, the irrigated alluvium of Southern Mesopotamia and the more variegated landscapes of the Levant. In this paper we use a dataset of several hundred sites dating from the earliest large sites around 12,000 years ago to the Classical period (2000 BP), to examine trends in settlement sustainability through time. We use persistence of occupation as a proxy for sustainability and compare settlement trajectories in different land use zones. Comparing cities and settlements at these spatial and temporal scales allows us to address a key question in the New Urban Agendas framework: how urban development can best be supported by sustainable use of land. We find that the highest levels of persistence were not uniformly associated with high agricultural productivity regions, and some of the longest-lived settlements are located in marginal environments, likely at critical points in transport networks. We also find that persistence is enhanced in landscapes which do not require large-scale capital investment or specific forms of economic and social organisation to maintain high levels of agricultural productivity, and that sustainability is inversely correlated with social complexity. Our results show that the millennial timescales available through archaeology can enable us to identify the political, social and ecological conditions required for large centres to persist through time.
Mechanisms of Driving Adolescents’ Adjustment in Behavior: A Developmental Systems Approach
Authors: Zhao Baobao , Jin Cancan
Published: April 2023

This study, grounded in developmental systems theory, investigated the roles of family functioning, peer relationships, and adolescents’ dark personality traits related to behavioral adjustment so that we would delve deeper into these relations. Cross-sectional data from 1,878 Chinese adolescents (759 females; Mage = 14.97 years) was used. Results revealed that psychopathy was the strongest predictor of adolescents’ behavioral adjustment. In addition, mediation analysis highlighted the indirect roles of psychopathy and peer relationship between family functioning and behavioral adjustment. These findings clarify the mechanisms of driving adolescents’ behavioral adjustment and highlight the importance of future youth programs focusing on the family as a unit and preventing the development of psychopathy simultaneously.
The past, present, and future of (net) neutrality: A state of knowledge review and research agenda
Authors: Hildebrandt Christian , Wiewiorra Lukas
Published: April 2023

For almost two decades, the debate on net neutrality influences the governance of the Internet infrastructure operated by Internet service providers (ISPs) and has spurred an enormous body of academic literature. However, new business models such as zero-rating, rapid technological progress, changing consumer behavior and political transformations constantly challenge our understanding of net neutrality. Despite the breadth and depth of knowledge on this topic, a conceptualization and synthesis of almost two decades of interdisciplinary literature is missing. This paper provides a comprehensive state of knowledge review based on a framework of net neutrality that captures the chronology of the debate as well as individual, organizational, and societal level concepts, which allows us to disentangle the nature, effects, and implications of different business practices of ISPs in order to extract new insights. Finally, we develop a research agenda on net neutrality in telecommunications and on neutrality in the wider Internet ecosystem addressing the challenges with respect to digital platforms and data gatekeepers.
Reversal of the detrimental effects of social isolation on ischemic cerebral injury and stroke-associated pneumonia by inhibiting small intestinal γδ T-cell migration into the brain and lung
Authors: Xie Bing , Zhang Yujing , Han Mengqi , Wang Mengyuan , Yu Yuan , Chen Xiaoyan , Wu Yuming , Hashimoto Kenji , Yuan Shiying , Shang You , Zhang Jiancheng
Published: April 2023

Social isolation (ISO) is associated with an increased risk and poor outcomes of ischemic stroke. However, the roles and mechanisms of ISO in stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) remain unclear. Adult male mice were single- or pair-housed with an ovariectomized female mouse and then subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Isolated mice were treated with the natriuretic peptide receptor A antagonist A71915 or anti-gamma-delta (γδ) TCR monoclonal antibody, whereas pair-housed mice were treated with recombinant human atrial natriuretic peptide (rhANP). Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (SDV) was performed 14 days before single- or pair-housed conditions. We found that ISO significantly worsened brain and lung injuries relative to pair housing, which was partially mediated by elevated interleukin (IL)-17A levels and the migration of small intestine-derived inflammatory γδ T-cells into the brain and lung. However, rhANP treatment or SDV could ameliorate ISO-exacerbated post-stroke brain and lung damage by reducing IL-17A levels and inhibiting the migration of inflammatory γδ T-cells into the brain and lung. Our results suggest that rhANP mitigated ISO-induced exacerbation of SAP and ischemic cerebral injury by inhibiting small intestine-derived γδ T-cell migration into the lung and brain, which could be mediated by the subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve.
Use of Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Anterior Shoulder Instability: Possible Effect on Surgical Management
Authors: Foster Michael J. , Hanson Jared A. , Dornan Grant J. , Ernat Justin J. , Rakowski Dylan R. , Melugin Heath P. , Vopat Matthew L. , Provencher Matthew T. , Millett Peter J.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Glenoid bone loss is a critical factor in the management of anterior shoulder instability (ASI). Computed tomography (CT) is often considered the gold standard to evaluate glenoid bone loss, but it is associated with negative factors such as radiation. Thus, interest exists as to when orthopaedic surgeons need a CT scan to guide decision-making when treating ASI.

Purpose:

To determine whether information gained from a shoulder CT scan alters orthopaedic surgeons’ management plan for ASI and, secondarily, to determine whether surgeon- and patient-specific factors affect whether a CT scan changes treatment and which clinical factors are most important in surgical decision-making.

Study Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Methods:

A questionnaire composed of 24 ASI vignettes was administered to Herodicus Society members, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Neer Circle members, and sports medicine fellowship–trained orthopaedic surgeons. Participants chose their recommended surgical treatment from the options of arthroscopic Bankart repair, open Bankart repair, bony reconstruction procedure, or other based on patient history, radiographs, and magnetic resonance imaging. Participants were then shown CT images and asked whether their treatment plan changed and, if not, whether the CT scan was not necessary or had reinforced their decision. Generalized linear mixed-effects logistic regression modeling was performed to assess the influence of vignette and respondent characteristics on treatment decisions.

Results:

A total of 74 orthopaedic surgeons completed the survey; 96% were fellowship trained (sports medicine, 50%; shoulder and elbow surgery, 41%), and 66% practiced in academic settings. CT imaging did not change the selected treatment strategy in 75.6% of responses. In cases when management did not change, surgeons reported that the CT scan reinforced their decision in 53.4% of responses and was not necessary for decision-making in 22.2% of responses. Decision-making was more likely to be changed after CT in male patients and those with off-track lesions.

Conclusion:

Information gained from a CT scan did not alter treatment decision-making in three-quarters of vignettes among surgeons experienced in the management of ASI. The finding that CT scans did alter the treatment plan in nearly a quarter of cases is not insignificant, and it appears that in patients with borderline glenoid track status and few other risk factors for recurrence after arthroscopic stabilization, CT imaging is more likely to change management.
Understanding the Protective Role of Adolescent-Adult Relationships Among Minoritized Youths in Neighborhoods Impacted by Community Violence
Authors: Wilson Tyia , Fenner Maxine , Riley Alexander , Culyba Alison J.
Published: April 2023

Using dyadic youth-adult interviews, the current study explored characteristics, benefits, and challenges of supportive youth-adult relationships for youths living in neighborhoods with high levels of community violence. Thirty-two dyads of youths between the ages 13 to 21 years (63% female, 88% Black) and their self-identified key adult supports in Pittsburgh, PA, completed semi-structured interviews exploring important qualities of youth-adult relationships, aspects which strengthen these relationships, relationship challenges, and intergenerational support. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis and an iterative coding process to identify key themes. For youths and adults, important qualities that constituted supportive relationships included being dependable, nonjudgmental, a best friend, and providing unwavering support. Occasionally, youths and adults found it difficult to communicate and understand each other. Despite these challenges, the intergenerational transfer of knowledge and dynamic, bidirectional support were instrumental in helping youths navigate obstacles and thrive. The study highlighted the importance of youth-adult relationships across family and community contexts in empowering youths in neighborhoods impacted by community violence. Dyadic and network-based interventions should be developed that uplift the strengths of youths and their adult supports while simultaneously being attuned to challenges that minoritized youths and adults encounter in neighborhoods impacted by violence.
Functional Communication Training: A Comprehensive Approach to Success for Educators
Authors: McClure Erica B. , Burt Jonathan L.
Published: April 2023

Functional communication training (FCT) is a strategy to address problem behavior for students with various disabilities that is supported by a broad evidence base. Despite this support, multiple factors continue to dissuade educators from utilizing FCT in their classrooms. This article outlines the process of developing and implementing FCT plans through an efficient approach that includes essential components and tools to aid application while also highlighting potential pitfalls for practitioners to avoid.
The Impact of Mukbang Live Streaming Commerce on Consumers’ Overconsumption Behavior
Authors: Lee Daisy , Wan Calvin
Published: April 2023

Food live streaming shopping, which features a host eating and promoting the products to viewers, has become a new form of food marketing. In three studies, the authors examine the impact of content, influencer, and channel factors of mukbang live streaming on consumers’ perceived value and subsequent impulse purchase and food consumption behavior. Study 1, an experiment with 216 participants, reveals that a non–autonomous sensory meridian response (non-ASMR) video in which the mukbanger talks to viewers while eating regular (i.e., nonjunk) food is more influential in enhancing the video's perceived value and increasing impulse purchase and consumption. Study 2, with 624 participants, introduces influencer factors into the experiment. It shows that a credible and parasocial influencer significantly affects consumers’ perceived value, regardless of the food featured, resulting in impulse purchase and consumption. Study 3, which excludes the content factors fully mediated by influencer factors, examines the impact of the live streaming influencer and the shopping platform on perceived value and food well-being. A cross-sectional survey of 630 respondents finds that channel factors (food product offerings and convenience) and influencer factors (credibility and parasocial relationship) significantly enhance consumers’ perceived value, leading to impulse purchase and overconsumption. The authors provide theoretical and practical implications to enrich future research and responsible business practices in online food marketing.
Acetabular cup fixation with and without screws following primary total hip arthroplasty: migration evaluated by radiostereometric analysis
Authors: Polus Jennifer S , Vasarhelyi Edward M , Lanting Brent A , Teeter Matthew G
Published: April 2023

Background:

Early cup migration after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is correlated to late revision due to aseptic loosening. However, the use of screws for increased cup stability remains unclear and debated. The purpose of this study is to assess acetabular migration between cups fixated with and without the use of screws.

Methods:

Patients underwent primary THA using either a direct anterior (DA) or a direct lateral (DL) approach. The DA surgeon routinely supplemented cup fixation with 1 or 2 screws while the DL surgeon used no screws. At 7 follow-up visits up to 2 years post operation, patients underwent radiostereometric analysis (RSA) imaging for implant migration tracking. The primary outcome was defined as proximal cup migration measured with model-based RSA.

Results:

68 patients were assessed up to 2 years post operation, n = 43 received screws and n = 25 did not. The use of screws had a significant effect on cup migration ( p = 0.018). From 2 weeks to 2 years post operation, the total mean migration was 0.403 ± 0.681 mm and 0.129 ± 0.272 mm ( p = 0.319) for cups with and without screws, respectively. The number of screws used also had a significant impact, with cups fixated with 1 screw migrating more than cups fixated with 2 ( p = 0.013, mean difference 0.712 mm).

Conclusions:

Acetabular cups fixated with only 1 screw resulted in greater migration than cups with no screws or 2 screws, though the mean magnitude was well under the 1.0 mm threshold for unacceptable migration. However, 3 of the 24 patients who received only 1 screw exceeded the 1.0 mm threshold for unacceptable migration. Ultimately, the results of this study show that the use of 2 screws to supplement cup fixation can provide good implant stability that is equivalent to a secure press-fit component with no screws. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03558217)
Migrant worker well-being as a struggle for meaningful work: Evidence from Bangladeshi migrants in a developing country
Authors: Sambajee Pratima , Scholarios Dora
Published: April 2023

This article analyses the well-being of migrants in the global South for whom employment precarity has become normalized, and working and living conditions are associated with poor health, isolation, limited voice and a general lack of protection. Well-being in such contexts may be considered as a multifaceted phenomenon which manifests itself across work and other life domains to include collective sources of well-being. We also recognize the politics of working life in how precarious workers construct well-being, presenting them as engaged in a struggle for meaning in the absence of objectively meaningful work. First, we explore the objective constraints on well-being at multiple sites (personal, relational, organizational, communal) and, second, we draw from a sociological perspective of meaningful work to explore worker agency in deriving subjective autonomy, recognition and dignity. Qualitative data from 41 Bangladeshi migrants in Mauritian construction, food and textile manufacturing firms showed that despite considerable challenges to personal well-being, workers engaged in informal and agentic strategies which shaped their efficacy, voice and relationships to create meaningful work. The findings reveal mechanisms underlying the construction of meaning in precarious work, showing the implications for gendered and culturally-derived agency, and broadening theory on holistic and contextualized perspectives of well-being.
Association between broadband capacity and telehealth utilization among Medicare Fee-for-service beneficiaries during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pandit Ambrish A , Mahashabde Ruchira V , Brown Clare C , Acharya Mahip , Shoults Catherine C , Eswaran Hari , Hayes Corey J
Published: April 2023

Background

Telehealth is a rapidly growing modality for expanding healthcare access, especially in the post-COVID-19 era. However, telehealth requires high-quality broadband, thus making broadband a social determinant of health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between broadband access and telehealth utilization across the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Using a cross-sectional, ecological study design, we merged county-level data on broadband capacity (Microsoft's Rural Broadband Initiative), telehealth utilization among Medicare Fee-for-Service beneficiaries from January through September 2020 (CareJourney), and county-level socioeconomic characteristics (Area Health Resources Files). Multivariable linear regression was used to estimate the association between broadband capacity, county-level characteristics, and telehealth utilization.

Results

Among the 3107 counties, those with the greatest broadband availability (quintile 5) had 47% higher telehealth utilization compared to counties with the least broadband availability (quintile 1). In the adjusted model, a 1 standard deviation (SD) increase in broadband access was associated with a 1.54 percentage point (pp) increase in telehealth utilization (P < 0.001). Rural county designation (−1.96 pp; P < 0.001) and 1 SD increases in average Medicare beneficiary age (−1.34 pp; P = 0.001), number of nursing home beds per 1000 individuals (−0.38 pp; P = 0.002), and proportion of Native Americans/Pacific Islanders (−0.59 pp; P < 0.001) were associated with decreased telehealth utilization.

Conclusion

The association between broadband access and telehealth utilization and the decreased telehealth utilization in rural areas highlight the importance of broadband access for healthcare access and the need to continue investing in broadband infrastructure to promote equitable healthcare access across populations.
The heavy weight of COVID leadership: an analysis of one international school’s leadership during the pandemic
Authors: Pearce Sarah
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented chaos all over the world, and schools and their leaders have not escaped its impacts. This article analyses the leadership actions of the team from one international school in reopening after mandated lockdown; it seeks to contribute to the discourse on school leadership during these unprecedented times and to share leadership lessons with those bearing the weight of responsibility of leadership during the pandemic. Using the lens of a framework drawn from the example of Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern’s leadership of New Zealand during the crisis, the actions of the school leaders are examined and linked to each of the good practices outlined. To connect this firmly to school leadership, the actions are categorised as either educational management or educational leadership, and then assessed to determine to what extent transactional and/or transformational leadership was appropriate to how the leaders responded to the various issues that arose during the events. From the analysis, I conclude that the actions of school leaders should fall under the guise of both leadership and management in order to successfully take a school through a period of uncertainty such as this, and should utilise both transformational and transactional leadership, dependent upon the circumstances with which they are faced.
Uniform nonparametric inference for spatially dependent panel data: The xtnpsreg command
Authors: Li Jia , Liao Zhipeng , Zhou Wenyu
Published: April 2023

In this article, we introduce a command, xtnpsreg, that implements a uniform nonparametric inference procedure for possibly unbalanced panel datasets with general forms of spatiotemporal dependence. We demonstrate how to apply this command via several examples, including 1) the nonparametric estimation of the conditional mean function and its marginal response, 2) the construction of uniform confidence bands for these nonparametric functional parameters, 3) specification tests for parametric model restrictions, and 4) the estimation and uniform inference for functional coefficients in semi-nonparametric models.
Antecedents to Sexual Harassment of Women in Selected Male-Dominated Occupations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Riddle Kimbely , Heaton Karen
Published: April 2023

Background:

Approximately 50% of women in all workplaces experience sexual harassment. Women who work in male-dominated occupations may be more susceptible to sexual harassment than those who work in non-male-dominated occupations. Research on factors contributing to workplace sexual harassment in male-dominated occupations is limited. This paper reviews the known antecedents that put female workers at risk of sexual harassment in select male-dominated occupations and to identify gaps in the literature and opportunities for future occupational health nursing research.

Methods:

A search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Included articles addressed sexual harassment of female workers in male-dominated occupations such as law enforcement, firefighting, truck driving, and construction.

Results:

The search yielded 25 relevant research articles. Antecedents to sexual harassment in the workplace included lower rank, shorter tenure, physicality of the job, job insecurity, negative relationships with peers and/or supervisors, treating women as outsiders, exaggerated gender differences, unequal gender ratios, and promotions based on gender. Common antecedents to sexual harassment in the workplace identified in the literature include organizational culture and gender composition.

Conclusion/Application to Practice:

Workplace sexual harassment of women is a problem in male-dominated occupations. Research is needed to better understand the organizational antecedents of sexual harassment in male-dominated occupations within community settings to prevent workplace sexual harassment.