bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a Young, Highly Scattered Pulsar PSR J1032-5804 with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
Authors: Wang Ziteng , Kaplan David L. , Sengar Rahul , Lenc Emil , Zic Andrew , Anumarlapudi Akash , Gaensler B. M. , Hurley-Walker Natasha , Murphy Tara , Wang Yuanming
Published: January 2024

We report the discovery of a young, highly scattered pulsar in a search for highly circularly polarized radio sources as part of the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder Variables and Slow Transients survey. In follow-up observations with the Parkes radio telescope, Murriyang, we identified PSR J1032−5804 and measured a period of 78.7 ms, a dispersion measure of 819 ± 4 pc cm−3, a rotation measure of −2000 ± 1 rad m−2, and a characteristic age of 34.6 kyr. We found a pulse scattering timescale at 3 GHz of ∼22 ms, implying a timescale at 1 GHz of ∼3845 ms, which is the third most scattered pulsar known and explains its nondetection in previous pulsar surveys. We discuss the identification of a possible pulsar wind nebula and supernova remnant in the pulsar’s local environment by analyzing the pulsar spectral energy distribution and the surrounding extended emission from multiwavelength images. Our result highlights the possibility of identifying extremely scattered pulsars from radio continuum images. Ongoing and future large-scale radio continuum surveys will offer us an unprecedented opportunity to find more extreme pulsars (e.g., highly scattered, highly intermittent, and highly accelerated), which will enhance our understanding of the characteristics of pulsars and the interstellar medium.
Could a Kilonova Kill: A Threat Assessment
Authors: Perkins Haille M. L. , Ellis John , Fields Brian D. , Hartmann Dieter H. , Liu Zhenghai , McLaughlin Gail C. , Surman Rebecca , Wang Xilu
Published: January 2024

Binary neutron star mergers produce high-energy emissions from several physically different sources, including a gamma-ray burst (GRB) and its afterglow, a kilonova (KN), and, at late times, a remnant many parsecs in size. Ionizing radiation from these sources can be dangerous for life on Earth-like planets when located too close. Work to date has explored the substantial danger posed by the GRB to on-axis observers; here we focus instead on the potential threats posed to nearby off-axis observers. Our analysis is based largely on observations of the GW170817/GRB 170817A multi-messenger event, as well as theoretical predictions. For baseline KN parameters, we find that the X-ray emission from the afterglow may be lethal out to ∼1 pc and the off-axis gamma-ray emission may threaten a range out to ∼4 pc, whereas the greatest threat comes years after the explosion, from the cosmic rays accelerated by the KN blast, which can be lethal out to distances up to ∼11 pc. The distances quoted here are typical, but the values have significant uncertainties and depend on the viewing angle, ejected mass, and explosion energy in ways we quantify. Assessing the overall threat to Earth-like planets, KNe have a similar kill distance to supernovae, but are far less common. However, our results rely on the scant available KN data, and multi-messenger observations will clarify the danger posed by such events.
Monitoring the X-Ray Variability of Bright X-Ray Sources in M33
Authors: Kyer Rebecca , Albrecht Shelby , Williams Benjamin F. , Hinton Kyros , Binder Breanna , Lazzarini Margaret , Garofali Kristen , Lehmer Bret , Eracleous Michael , Plucinsky Paul P. , Antoniou Vallia
Published: January 2024

We present a new five-epoch Chandra X-ray Observatory monitoring survey of the nearby spiral galaxy M33 which probes X-ray variability with time sampling between two weeks and four months. We characterize the X-ray variability of 55 bright point sources outside of the nucleus, many of which are expected to be high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs). We detect eight new candidate transients not detected in previous X-ray catalogs of M33 and discuss their possible nature. The final catalog includes 26 known HMXB candidates identified in the literature. We extend the baseline of the X-ray light curves up to 21 yr by including archival X-ray observations of these sources. We compare the detection and nondetection epochs of the sources to suites of simulated source duty cycles and infer that most of our detected sources have duty cycles >30%. We find only four sources whose detection patterns are consistent with having duty cycles below 30%. This large fraction of sources with high duty cycles is unexpected for a population of HMXBs; thus more frequent X-ray monitoring will likely reveal many more low duty cycle HMXBs in M33.
Biomedical Image Analysis for Lung Cancer Detection Using Deep Learning
Authors: Singh Amit , Dwivedi Rakesh Kumar , Rastogi Rajul
Published: January 2024

Lung cancer is a significant global health concern and early detection plays a crucial role in improving patient outcomes. With the advancements in medical imaging technologies, such as computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET), biomedical images have become an invaluable tool for diagnosing and monitoring lung cancer. Deep learning, a subfield of machine learning, has emerged as a powerful technique for automated analysis of biomedical images. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of the current state-of-the-art in deep learning-based approaches for lung cancer detection using biomedical images. The study encompasses a wide range of techniques, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and their variants, such as 3D CNNs and attention mechanisms. The review focuses on the various stages involved in lung cancer detection, including image pre-processing, feature extraction, and classification. It discusses the challenges associated with these stages and highlights the solutions proposed by different studies.
Beyond Surface Linguistics
Authors: Šprogar Matej
Published: January 2024

Contemporary artificial intelligence has advanced markedly toward mimicking human intelligence. Despite linguistic proficiency, machines remain bereft of genuine text comprehension, leading to perceived, albeit superficial, intelligence. This chapter introduces a straightforward test that highlights the non-human-like cognition of machines such as ChatGPT. Eschewing the prevalent approach of progressively complex testing, the long memory test highlights ChatGPT's inability to function at a human level. Central to this assessment, the test mandates reliable information retention, a feat the transformer architecture of GPT fails to achieve.
Improving Live Augmented Reality With Neural Configuration Adaptation
Authors: Chen Ning , Zhang Sheng , Lu Sang Lu
Published: January 2024

Instead of relying on remote clouds, today's augmented reality (AR) applications send videos to nearby edge servers for analysis to optimize user's quality of experience (QoE). Lots of studies have been conducted to help adaptively choose the best video configuration, e.g., resolution and frame per second (fps). However, prior works only consider network bandwidth and ignores the video content itself. In this chapter, the authors design Cuttlefish, a system that generates video configuration decisions using reinforcement learning (RL) based on network condition as well as the video content. Cuttlefish does not rely on any pre-programmed models or specific assumptions on the environments. Instead, it learns to make configuration decisions solely through observations of the resulting performance of historical decisions. Cuttlefish automatically learns the adaptive configuration policy for diverse AR video streams and obtains a gratifying QoE. The experimental results show that Cuttlefish achieves a 18.4%-25.8% higher QoE than the other prior designs.
The Ultimate Solution in Customer Engagement Using ChatGPT
Authors: Mukherjee Anshit , Mukherjee Gunjan , Chatterjee Arpitam , Tudu Bipan
Published: January 2024

ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence chatbot that can interact with users in a natural and engaging way. It can adapt to different conversational scenarios and provide detailed and relevant responses. ChatGPT is based on a large language model that has been fine-tuned using human feedback and reinforcement learning. In this chapter, the authors explore how ChatGPT can be used for customer engagement in various domains, such as e-commerce, education, entertainment, and health. The benefits and challenges of using ChatGPT as a customer service agent, a personal assistant, a tutor, a storyteller, and a health coach has been discussed. Some examples of ChatGPT conversations with customers have been provided and its performance and limitations has been analyzed. Finally, it can be concluded that ChatGPT is a promising tool for enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty, but it also requires careful design and evaluation to ensure its safety and reliability.
ChatGPT and Its Role in Revolutionizing Digital Marketing and Enhancing Customer Engagement
Authors: Tarabah Nour El Hoda , Amin Mohamed El Said
Published: January 2024

In the digital era, businesses strive to harness various advancements in the tech field to attain heightened levels of customer engagement and ensure the effectiveness of their marketing strategies. For instance, digital marketing has the capacity to utilize AI advancements to a significant extent. In particular, nowadays, digital marketers are leveraging a recent large language-model-based chatbot called “ChatGPT,” which enables users to engage in human-like conversations and has unprecedented opportunities to reshape and revolutionize the ecosystem of digital marketing and customer engagement. In this regard, this chapter underscores the transformative potential of ChatGPT in the domain of digital marketing and its profound implications for augmenting customer engagement by reviewing and synthesizing existing literature. Moreover, it considers the ethical implications surrounding AI deployment. By synthesizing existing literature, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in this domain, guiding future research and practice.
Unveiling the Potential of ChatGPT for Enhancing Customer Engagement
Authors: Garima  , Bansal Rohit
Published: January 2024

Marketers are continuously looking for fresh, cutting-edge approaches to connect with their target consumers as businesses are becoming progressively more dependent on technology and digital platforms. ChatGPT, an AI-driven chatbot that employs natural language processing (NLP) to interact with users in a human-like manner, is one of their newest technologies. ChatGPT enables businesses to offer customized and immediate support to their audience by smoothly connecting with a variety of digital platforms. ChatGPT boosts client engagement by delivering a customized and captivating user interface owing to its capacity to grasp human-like discussions. It enables companies to have more meaningful contact with their clients, immediately resolving their issues and forging a solid brand-client bond. In this chapter, the role of ChatGPT in enhancing customer engagement and how it can help businesses in achieving their marketing goals is explored. This study is based on secondary sources, including books, publications, websites, reports, and more.
Extract Clinical Lab Tests From Electronic Hospital Records Through Featured Transformer Model
Authors: Lu Lucy M. , Segall Richard S.
Published: January 2024

Natural language, as a rich source of information, has been used as the foundation of the product review, the demographic trend, and the domain specific knowledge bases. To extract entities from texts, the challenge is, free text is so sparse that missing features always exist which makes the training processing incomplete. Based on attention mechanism in deep learning architecture, the authors propose a featured transformer model (FTM) which adds category information into inputs to overcome missing feature issue. When attention mechanism performs Markov-like updates in deep learning architecture, the importance of the category represents the frequency connecting to other entities and categories and is compatible with the importance of the entity in decision-making. They evaluate the performance of FTM and compare the performance with several other machine learning models. FTM overcomes the missing feature issue and performs better than other models.
Cystic folliculosebaceous hamartoma: an unusual histopathological entity: a case report
Authors: Palomino Aguilar Katia Sofía , De La Cruz Vargas Johnny , Latorre Zúñiga Alan , Quiñones Ávila María del Pilar , Urbano Rosales Laura Madeleine , Palomino Portilla Eugenio Américo
Published: January 2024

The skin covers our body and exhibits a complex structure that is adapted to the different body areas. The scalp skin is distinctive, and the histopathological alterations in its diseases also present distinctive features. We present the clinical case of a 28 year old female patient, with no significant medical history. She reported a nodular tumor on the left parietal region of the scalp, which had been present for 10 years and showed slow growth. The patient had no major discomfort other than an occasional discharge of scant whitish material upon applying pressure. Intralesional corticosteroids were administered but had no effect. Over the following year, the discomfort increased, leading to the decision to remove it. The anatomopathological study found dilated follicular hairy structures in the dermis filled with keratin and debris, surrounded by multiple sebaceous glands that flow there, all surrounded by a characteristic mesenchymal cells population, diagnosing a folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma.
¿Liquidación de empresas viables en Chile? Reflexiones en torno a la ausencia de mecanismos de control judicial sustantivo en los procedimientos de reorganización
Authors: Quijano Escobar Camila
Published: January 2024

La Ley N°20.720 confía la consecución de los procedimientos concursales a la valoración interesada de los acreedores y no prevé la homologación judicial sustantiva de la propuesta de acuerdo que presenta la empresa deudora. Este diseño legal ha provocado la liquidación de empresas viables debido a que la estimación de la viabilidad del deudor, en la realidad está distorsionada por el interés propio de cada acreedor en detrimento de los intereses del grupo. En este contexto, a través de un análisis metodológico de los elementos de interpretación de la ley, este trabajo demuestra que el juez concursal, en correspondencia con la naturaleza autónoma del acuerdo de reorganización que considera a la función judicial como integrante del convenio y garante del cumplimiento de los derechos de la generalidad de acreedores durante la tramitación de la reorganización; y, el principio de conservación de la empresa viable; puede actuar de oficio a través de la solicitud de diligencias informativas que promuevan la discusión acerca de la viabilidad de la empresa deudora.
La insolvencia como causa de disolución de ciertas personas jurídicas, con una propuesta de delimitación entre la liquidación concursal y la liquidación societaria
Authors: Alcalde Silva Jaime
Published: January 2024

Este artículo aborda la insolvencia como causa de disolución de ciertas personas jurídicas y busca delimitar el campo de aplicación de la liquidación societaria y la liquidación concursal para aquellas sociedades que la contemplan. Se desea demostrar que la operatividad de dicha causa de disolución no es automática, y presenta varios cursos de acción. La ordenación de los casos existentes exige examinar la situación de las empresas individuales de responsabilidad limitada, las sociedades anónimas cerradas y las fundaciones, que presentan algunas diferencias respecto del régimen común de las sociedades de personas.
Quantitative convergence of the vectorial Allen–Cahn equation towards multiphase mean curvature flow
Authors: Fischer Julian , Marveggio Alice
Published: January 2024

Phase-field models such as the Allen–Cahn equation may give rise to the formation and evolution of geometric shapes, a phenomenon that may be analyzed rigorously in suitable scaling regimes. In its sharp-interface limit, the vectorial Allen–Cahn equation with a potential with

N\geq 3

distinct minima has been conjectured to describe the evolution of branched interfaces by multiphase mean curvature flow. In the present work, we give a rigorous proof for this statement in two and three ambient dimensions and for a suitable class of potentials: as long as a strong solution to multiphase mean curvature flow exists, solutions to the vectorial Allen–Cahn equation with well-prepared initial data converge towards multiphase mean curvature flow in the limit of vanishing interface width parameter

\varepsilon\searrow 0

. We even establish the rate of convergence

O(\varepsilon^{1/2})

. Our approach is based on the gradient-flow structure of the Allen–Cahn equation and its limiting motion: building on the recent concept of “gradient-flow calibrations” for multiphase mean curvature flow, we introduce a notion of relative entropy for the vectorial Allen–Cahn equation with multi-well potential. This enables us to overcome the limitations of other approaches, e.g. avoiding the need for a stability analysis of the Allen–Cahn operator or additional convergence hypotheses for the energy at positive times.
Alternative uses of functional finance: Lerner, MMT, and the Sraffian supermultiplier
Authors: Summa Ricardo
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this paper is to show that the Sraffian supermultiplier is compatible with functional finance and can be used to discuss macroeconomic policy in a simplified way, providing an alternative to Lerner and Modern Monetary Theory (MMT). We argue that the general functional finance framework (FFF) can be separated from Lerner’s specific views on how the economy works and its policy recommendations. Then, we propose that FFF can be combined with different views on how the economy works as well as policy objectives and instruments. For this, we construct three comparable ‘toy models’ to evaluate the alternative uses of functional finance from Lerner, MMT, and the Sraffian supermultiplier. We use these toy models to provide an alternative comparison between Lerner and the MMT to that proposed by Wray (2018), and we argue that Lerner never abandoned his FFF or his theoretical principles towards Monetarism. We use this same scheme to evaluate the FFF from the standpoint of the Sraffian supermultiplier. The presentation of these three comparable ‘toy models’ helps to stress the shared principles and specific disagreements among Lerner, MMT, and the Sraffian supermultiplier and to discuss their implications for active economic policies and their constraints in open economies.
Diseño de gripper para robot Fanuc LR Mate 200 ID, aplicando el Método de Optimización Topológica
Authors: González Martínez Arturo , Enríquez Perez Ana Jancy , Coutiño Moreno Elvis , Mier Quiroga Luis Antonio , Maldonado Onofre Daniel
Published: January 2024

Este estudio presenta una propuesta de diseño de una pinza para un robot Fanuc LR mate 200 iD aplicando el método de optimización topológica, demostrando que esta metodología permitió aumentar la eficiencia en el proceso de impresión 3D, aligerando la estructura de la pinza y reduciendo la cantidad de material necesario para su prototipado, manteniendo sus características mecánicas sin comprometer su estabilidad estructural, por lo que las consideraciones de diseño se realizaron teniendo en cuenta que el robot se utiliza en un proceso de manipulación de pinzas de plástico, utilizadas para colgar ropa. Incluye el desarrollo de un sistema de control on-off y aislamiento óptico, para el accionamiento de la pinza, incorporando la detección de su estado con el sistema de control del robot Fanuc. Con esta parte de control, se implementa una interacción con el sistema interno del robot y las señales de accionamiento de la pinza.
Gut Guardianship
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Pawan Rawal  , Navneet Agrawal  , Nitin Kapoor
Published: January 2024

In this communication, we define and describe gut guardianship as the processes, behaviours and activities that may be followed or undertaken, so as to achieve and maintain a healthy gut, and gut microbiome. These include aspects such related to nutrition, lifestyle, rational drug use, and microbial modulation by using prebiotics and probiotics.  Gut guardianship helps in optimizing various aspects of human health including metabolic health, mitogenic balance, micronutrient absorption, mood (gaity) maintenance, gut immunity, and general well-being.
Keywords: Antibiotics, microbiome, microflora, prebiotics, probiotics, proton pump inhibitors, rational drug use
The Barocene Era
Authors: Sanjay Kalra  , Madhur Verma  , Nitin Kapoor
Published: January 2024

This communication defines and describes the Barocene era, as that phase of human development which is characterized by a major impact of overweight and obesity. We use this term to highlight the fact that overweight and obesity need to be prevented and managed on an urgent footing. If not checked, these endocrine diseases will retard our growth and reduce our well being
Keywords: Health economics, health policy, obesity, overweight, psychosocial aspects.
Evaluating Probability Learning: The Role of Student Attitudes, Skills, and Reflection in the Mathematics Education Process
Authors: Suwarto Suwarto
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to evaluate the specific contributions of certain factors to students’ understanding of the concept of probability and to identify effective teaching strategies to overcome potential obstacles. Using a quantitative approach, the study involves 20 students from a selected class based on inclusion criteria. Research instruments include observation sheets, tests, and questionnaires validated by two experts in mathematics education. Quantitative analysis is conducted to assess students’ attitudes, skills, and reflections on probability learning. Results indicate that 20% of students fall into the “low” category, 35% into the “sufficient” category, and 45% into the “good” category. Student reflections emphasize the importance of understanding the material, engaging in activities, utilizing technology, participating in discussions, and receiving feedback. Additionally, aspects such as interest, motivation, collaboration, attitude towards errors, and critical thinking skills are highlighted. The implications of these findings suggest the need for more focused and in-depth teaching strategies to enhance students’ probability problem-solving skills in mathematics education.
Outcomes of arterial switch operation for taussig-bing variant at Vietnam National Children’s Hospital
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Mai , Nguyen Huu Uoc , Doan Vuong Anh , Nguyen Ly Thinh Truong
Published: January 2024

Objective: Midterm outcomes of arterial switch operation for Taussig-Bing variant at Children Heart Center, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital was evaluated.[1]

Methods: From February 2010 to October 2021, all patients diagnosed with Taussig-Bing anomaly who underwent arterial switch operation at Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital retrospective review.

Results: There were 99 consecutive patients enrolled in this study. The median age and the median weight at operation was 55 (83) days) and 3,7 (1,25) kg respectively. There were 78 males (78,8%) and 21 (21,2%) females. After arterial switch operation, there were 13 in-hospital deaths (13,1%) and 2 late deaths (2.1%) for patients with Tausig-Bing variant. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed secondary aortic cross‐clamping (HR 4,42, 95% CI, 1,18–16,54; p = 0,028) was risk factor for overall mortality. There were 15 (15,1%) patients who required cardiac reoperation, with only 4 patients needed reoperations for right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Conclusions: Outcomes of arterial switch operation for Taussig-Bing variant in Vietnam National Children’s Hospital were satisfaction, and longer follow-up are essential.
Internal iliac debranching in combination with abdominal aortic stent graft to treat bilateral common iliac aneurysms
Authors: Vo Tuan Anh , Dang Ha Huu Phuoc
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Common iliac artery aneurysms are often diagnosed during routine screening for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms. Preserving the internal iliac artery helps avoid colonic ischemia and buttocks claudication. Hybrid surgery combining internal iliac artery transposition and endovascular treatment is a method with good early and long-term results.

Methods

We report of a case of bilateral common iliac artery aneurysm treated by hybrid surgery and endovascular intervention at Dong Nai General Hospital

Results

A 69 year-old male, diagnosed with bilateral common iliac artery aneurysm and left internal iliac artery occlusion. Surgical transposition was performed to repimplant the right internal iliac artery into the right external iliac artery, folowed by endovascular treatment, the right branch of the graft was placed at the external iliac artery, the left branch of the graft was placed at the common iliac artery. Postoperative condition was stable, no early complications recorded

Conclusion

Hybrid surgery to treat iliac aortic aneurysms and common iliac artery aneurysms has quite good mid- and long-term results. The initial successful implementation of this technique at Dong Nai General Hospital contributes to team development, reduces the load on central hospitals and brings practical benefits to patients.
Do arquivo para a sala de aula: possibilidades de práticas docentes na Educação Básica a partir da história da instituição escolar
Authors: Campos Mariano Ruckstadter Vanessa , Borda Landi Tânia Janaína , Martins Ruckstadter Flávio Massami
Published: January 2024

Este texto apresenta parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa mais ampla sobre a história de uma instituição escolar profissional. Tem como objetivo apresentar uma prática docente desenvolvida a partir do acervo documental dessa instituição escolar. O produto educacional resultante da pesquisa foi a implantação de um Centro de Memória Virtual. Foi realizado um levantamento e catalogação do acervo do arquivo permanente para a exposição inicial de uma amostragem. O material disponível possibilitou o desenvolvimento de atividade com estudantes do Ensino Médio a partir do debate sobre a Educação Profissional para homens e mulheres da classe trabalhadora, a promoção e valorização da educação pública mediante o senso de pertencimento e reconhecimento da identidade educacional, bem como a preservação de parte do patrimônio histórico local a partir dos documentos do arquivo escolar. Com a implantação do Centro de Memória da Escola Técnica Estadual (Etec) de Ipaussu, no estado de São Paulo, espera-se que outros docentes se sintam motivados a seguir com a pesquisa, a trazerem a discussão para a sala de aula para que os discentes leiam, reflitam e promovam um diálogo entre o contexto histórico, o referencial teórico e o acervo documental e iconográfico.
Centralization of NGO Management Sites
Authors: Prof. Saurabh Parhad  , Om N. Pusadkar  , Ishwari P. Patil  , Vishvajeet B. Shinde  , Rohit V. Nalge
Published: January 2024

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) play a crucial role in addressing social issues, promoting development, and providing humanitarian assistance worldwide. With the increasing complexity of their operations and the growing need for transparency and efficiency, there is a pressing demand for innovative solutions in NGO management. This abstract provides an overview of a proposed system focused on the centralization of NGO management, aiming to streamline operations, enhance collaboration, and ensure accountability.
The proposed Centralization of NGO Management System is designed as a comprehensive, cloud-based platform that integrates various aspects of NGO operations into a unified interface. The system emphasizes centralized data management, real-time collaboration, and advanced analytics to empower NGOs to make informed decisions and optimize their impact. the Centralization of NGO Management System addresses the challenges faced by NGOs by offering a centralized, integrated, and user-friendly platform. By enhancing collaboration, ensuring data accuracy, and providing valuable insights, this system empowers NGOs to focus on their core mission: creating a positive and lasting impact on society
The Syrian Conflict in the News
Authors: Huland Gabriel
Published: January 2024

The Syrian conflict constitutes one of the most covered events in this century. Although the coverage of the Syrian uprising and civil war alternated between periods of saturation and silence, it is indisputable that they received an enormous amount of media attention. The Syrian Conflict in the News analyses the coverage of the Syrian conflict in the New York Times, the Washington Post, and the Wall Street Journal, focusing on how the three newspapers framed six key events in Syria from March 2011 to April 2018, including the Ghouta chemical attack, the Russian intervention in Syria and US-led airstrikes. Gabriel Huland argues that US foreign policy dominates the frames of the conflict, which suggests that mainstream newspapers are excessively indexed to elite narratives. In the United States, the Syrian crisis prompted an intense debate about the appropriate degree of US involvement in the civil war and how the country should behave in the face of growing Russian and Iranian influence in the Middle East. The overreliance on elite narratives resulted in the underrepresentation of local voices and other players who were in a more advantaged position to devise solutions to the conflict. By analysing the frames of the Syrian uprising and civil war in three mainstream newspapers and the relationship between media and international conflicts, The Syrian Conflict in the News sheds light on crucial aspects of the crisis currently pervading US journalism.
American Diplomacy Toward Lebanon
Authors: Hale David
Published: January 2024

Lebanon's significance to the Middle East and the global arena is greater than its small size suggests - bordering Israel and Syria, it holds a geo-strategic role as the playing field for their competition as well as for their allies, America and Iran. This book examines how American diplomacy has responded to the intersection of local, regional, and international factors in Lebanon.

David Hale examines several key episode in US diplomatic history with Lebanon, starting with the country's independence in 1943, up until the present moment. Crucial events such as the Lebanese Civil War, the Cedar Revolution, and more recently the spillover from the Syrian Civil War, are examined within the context of the respective US government administrations of the time and their foreign policy strategies. Hale asks whether policy-makers had realistic and compelling goals, the right strategy, sufficient means, and capable diplomats in its diplomatic approaches towards Lebanon through the years.

Crucially, this study focuses on how, during these critical periods, American diplomacy toward Lebanon had consequences beyond the country itself, and on the narrative lines and lessons for the broader conduct of American foreign policy.
The Induction of Early Childhood Educators
Authors: Doan Laura K.
Published: January 2024

The Induction of Early Childhood Educators presents new strategies for reducing the number of educators who are leaving the field within the first five years of work. Based on new research carried out with beginning early childhood educators in British Columbia, Canada, Laura K. Doan proposes a set of new best-practices in mentoring and inducting novice early childhood educators. The book offers a clear insight into the needs, identity, challenges, joys, frustrations, isolation, triumphs and support that all new educators face. The chapters cover a range of theoretical approaches such as communities of practice, teacher efficacy, adult learning theory, and professional identity development and show how these can be applied to mentoring, observations, feedback and continuing professional development. While the primary research was carried out in the Canadian context, Doan shows how best practice can be applied elsewhere with examples from around the world.
Baumgarten’s Philosophical Ethics
Authors: Baumgarten Alexander Gottlieb
Published: January 2024

Alexander Baumgarten’s Ethica Philosophica (1740) served as a chief textbook of philosophical instruction in German universities for several decades, and was used by Immanuel Kant for his lectures on moral philosophy between 1759 and 1794. Now translated into English for the first time, John Hymers explores the extent of Baumgarten's influence on the development of German philosophy.

Accompanied by an introduction to Baumgarten and his work, this translation features an explanation of the general importance of the Ethica Philosophica and its relation to Christian Wolff and G.F. Meier’s practical philosophy, together with its role in Kant’s lectures. First-time translations of elucidatory passages from the writings of Meier, Wolff, and Heinrich Köhler appear together with the relevant transcriptions of Kant’s lectures on ethics.

Based on a thorough knowledge of the original text, Hymer's clear translation and supporting material makes it possible to distinguish Kant’s own remarks and insights from his attempts to expound and summarize Baumgarten’s ideas. This is a much-needed contribution for anyone working in the history of modern philosophy.
With Power Comes Responsibility
Authors: McKeown Maeve
Published: January 2024

Does buying clothes from a high street shop make me morally responsible for sweatshop labour? If I, as a consumer, am not responsible, who is? Can anyone bear responsibility for a "structural" injustice?

Some thinkers like Iris Marion Young claim nobody in particular is morally responsible for structural injustice. Instead, all people share a non-blameworthy political responsibility to change it. With Power Comes Responsibility argues that there are moral agents, more responsible than others, for global structural injustice and recognising this is crucial to powerful institutions and individuals taking on the responsibility to change things for the better. McKeown does not dismiss the fact that we all need to take responsibility for ushering in change but also argues that these smaller, personal acts of resistance shouldn’t distract from holding powerful agents to account. To put it bluntly, the person buying clothes from a high street shop is not as responsible as the shop making their clothes in sweatshops.

McKeown uses case studies from around the world including the Nike Corporation and Facebook, and explores world events such as the COVID-19 crisis and the toppling of slave trader statues as moments when the power and ubiquity of structural injustice is revealed.
Babygirl, You’ve Got This!
Authors: Pennant April-Louise
Published: January 2024

How do Black women experience education in Britain?

Within British educational research about Black students, gender distinctions have been largely absent, or male-dominated. Due to the lack of attention paid to Black female students, relatively little is known about how they understand and engage with the education system, or the influences which shape their long-term strategies and decision-making in order to gain educational ‘success’.

This book will illustrate the educational experiences and journeys of Black British women graduates and considers the influence of the intersections of race, gender and social class on their educational journeys. April Louise Pennant uniquely documents the entire educational journey - from primary school to university - within both elite, and predominantly white, educational institutions as well as multicultural and state funded schools, in order to examine the various accessibility, financial and academic hurdles which face Black women.

The book combines theoretical frameworks such as Critical Race Theory and Black Feminist epistemology, alongside the personal accounts of the author and a range of Black British women graduates. Through analysis of the strategies, choices and decisions made by Black British women in their educational journeys, the book ultimately provides insights into how to navigate the education system effectively, and provides alternatives to normalized understandings of educational ‘success’.
Stage Management
Authors: Smalley Michael
Published: January 2024

Drawing on interview material from more than 20 leading stage managers from the UK, USA and Australia, this book situates the contemporary practice of stage management within its historical and social contexts. Questioning the notions of the invisible stage manager and a linear production process, it argues for a broader conception of stage management lying at the intersections of administration, management and artistry.

Michael Smalley places stage management practice within key theories drawn from the diverse fields of performance studies, semiotics, phenomenology, distributed cognition, management and scenography. By comparing stage management practice with other technical theatre disciplines, this volume champions the creative agency of stage management. Instead of prescriptive templates and processes, it offers a detailed account of the properties of communication which stage managers manipulate and the objectives they set out to achieve as a guide for decision making. While it considers the different approaches necessitated by productions from different cultures, genres, scales, and so on, it offers a view of stage management which is not bound by these differences.
Rurality, Diversity and Schooling
Authors: Colvin Neroli
Published: January 2024

Migration and refugee settlement policies have brought significant demographic changes to some regional centres over the past two decades and this book focuses on one such centre, a mid-size town in New South Wales. Historically, social relations in rural settlements have been enacted primarily within a "white/black" (Anglo/Indigenous) binary but in recent years this town has become home to several hundred refugees from Africa, South-East Asia and the Middle East.

Using interview, observational and documentary data, the book examines how multiculturalism is understood, valued and lived in the town’s two public high schools. Schools are key sites for everyday interactions between people from diverse ethnic, cultural, language and religious backgrounds. Drawing on critical theories of discourse, space and race, the book examines a host of anxieties in the town and its schools about recent demographic changes revealing how notions of rurality, steeped in colonial narratives about European settlement, productivity and racial superiority, continue to shape how “difference” is perceived and experienced in regional communities.
The Bloomsbury Handbook of Student Politics and Representation in Higher Education
Authors: Klemenčič Manja
Published: January 2024

This open access Handbook offers a unique and unprecedented global comparative account of student representation in higher education. It provides a systematic and structured range of specially commissioned chapters reflecting on the history, contemporary practices and current debates on student representation in higher education. The chapters analyse the organisational characteristics and political activities of representative student associations within multilevel governance of higher education and map opportunities for student representatives to influence higher education institutions and higher education policies.

The Handbook re-examines and further develops the existing theoretical concepts and analytical lenses in existing research on systems of student representation and organisational models of student representative associations. It depicts empirical insights from 30 countries from all world regions, from 6 regional student federations and the Global Student Forum. The volume is unique in bringing together established scholars with a highly diverse group of current and former student leaders, specially trained and empowered to conduct research for this Handbook. This is a major contribution to the study of higher education, and politics and governance of higher education specifically.

The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.
Italian Fascism’s Forgotten LGBT Victims
Authors: Romano Gabriella
Published: January 2024

This book examines the question of the repression of LGBT people through psychiatry during the fascist regime in Italy, a subject that has not been investigated until now. It draws together the substantial archival record of patients, doctors and fascist authorities to reconstruct intricate behind-the-scenes dialogue, and to document one of the ways in which the regime repressed LGBT lives in this period.

Italian Fascism’s Forgotten LGBT Victims focusses on three different institutions in three parts of the country - Rome, Florence and Girifalco, areas with different attitudes and therapeutic approaches. Archive research results are contextualised within the psychiatric theory of the time, highlighting the existing discrepancies between theory and daily routine practice of mental health institutions in Italy during the regime.

Until now, scholars of psychiatry have mainly engaged with the late-19th and early-20th century, or the 1970s and 1980s, when asylums were abolished in Italy after the so-called ‘Basaglia Law’. Gabriella Romano expands current knowledge of the history of Italian psychiatry and - by analysing the relationship between central government, local authorities and asylum directors - gives new insights into the power relationship between central government and localities. Furthermore, she sheds light on historiography on homosexuality in Italy, a subject that has been largely ignored with regard to the fascist period and more generally.
Privilege vs. Equality
Authors: Wettemann ,   Jr. Robert P.
Published: January 2024

Between 1815-1860, the tiny American army took on many new and often daunting tasks. In the face of civil opposition to the very existence of a professional military, the first battle officers and supporters had to win after 1815 was that of simply preserving some small professional force. As American interests expanded further west and conflict with Native Americans increased, the army was charged with the dual responsibility of peacekeeper and conqueror. Its most dramatic successes, however, came during the Mexican War and the conquest of the American Southwest. Against this back drop, Wetteman crafts a narrative overview of the rivalries, personalities, and events that defined civil-military relations during this era.

Beginning in 1815, the U.S. Army struggled for existence within a society that was not convinced that a standing army was worth the expense. At the same time, many questioned the viability of a professional officer corps, citing the innate ability of the American fighting man as demonstrated in earlier conflicts. Although efforts were undertaken early on to define the role and status of a peacetime army, issues of national defense, domestic security, Indian policy, and internal improvements shaped civil military relations over the next 4 12 decades. While the true position of the citizen-soldier in relation to a standing army had not been clearly defined by 1860, the nation had made giant strides towards full acceptance of the idea that the U.S. Army, a standing force commanded by military professionals, was a national necessity.
Protecting Your Health Privacy
Authors: Klosek Jacqueline
Published: January 2024

Protecting Your Health Privacy empowers ordinary citizens with the legal and technological knowledge and know-how we need to protect ourselves and our families from prying corporate eyes, medical identity theft, ruinous revelations of socially stigmatizing diseases, and illegal punitive practices by insurers and employers.

It's a new era in healthcare. Gone are the day when access to your medical records is limited to you and your doctor. Instead, today, a diverse group of constituencies have interest in and access to your health information. A cascade of changes in technology and the delivery of healthcare are increasing the vulnerability of your medical information. Accordingly, it is now more important than ever to take control over your own health information and take steps to protect your information against privacy breaches that can adversely impact the quality of your health care, your insurability, your employability, your relationships, and your reputation.

In clear, non-technical language, privacy lawyer Jacqueline Klosek teaches readers the basics you need to know as an individual healthcare consumer about the ongoing wave of national and state legislation affecting patient privacy: the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) of 2010, the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) of 2009, and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. She untangles the increasingly complex ways by which health care providers, insurers, employers, social networking sites, and marketers routinely collect, use, and share our personal health information. Protecting Your Health Privacy: A Citizen's Guide to Safeguarding the Security of Your Medical Information empowers ordinary citizens with the knowledge and know-how we need to protect ourselves and our families from prying eyes, medical identity theft, ruinous revelations of socially stigmatizing diseases, and illegal punitive practices by insurers and employers.
Reaping What You Sow
Authors: Carey Henry Frank
Published: January 2024

This book evaluates the experience of official torture of France in Algeria, as well as recently, the United States since 9/11, Israel against Palestinians, and Argentina during its "Dirty War" from 1972 to 1983. While evaluating what information was gained from torture, the book also shows the costs of undertaking this approach to interrogating suspected terrorists.

Reaping What You Sow: A Comparative Examination of Torture in France, Argentina, Israel, and the United States presents a new angle in the study of this controversial practice by studying how these countries attempt to account for these secret practices and reform future interrogations against this universal crime. It also analyzes the costs of torture, whether in terms of intelligence gaffes or alienating potential supporters and enemies alike, creating strategic dilemmas in the war on terrorism.

Adopting a comparative approach, the book studies questions like: What is the harm (or benefit) to the state once the torture becomes known? What are the political and strategic ramifications? Does torture help win wars? Can the use of torture bring about any lasting or beneficial reforms? These are daring questions seldom pondered. In asking them, this book will help to foster a discussion that is long overdue.

The author concludes that ex-authoritarian regimes like Argentina's junta and France's colony in Algeria have reduced torture more than democracies. These authoritarian regimes collapsed, and new democratic regimes ultimately discredited their predecessors' torture. Despite many zigzags in amnesty, Argentina was more scandalized by torture of its citizens and improved more than France because the latter's subsequent, Fifth Republic regime was more similar to the Fourth, protecting many torturers with a permanent amnesty.

Continuous democracies like the United States and Israel have only reduced their worst torture, while "torture lite" continues without accountability. The same elected officials and security agency personnel and prerogatives have largely remained without any legal discipline for their past, secret, criminal practices. The United States and Israel continue to innovate, hide, and resume torture with discretion because the various new, legislative, judicial, and executive checks and balances amount to wishful legal statements. Democracies need permanent accountability mechanisms to assure that security services abolish torture in practice. Otherwise, torture will continue to generate more terrorists without generating information that is consistently reliable.