bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Production of biocomposites from the reuse of coconut powder colonized by Shiitake mushroom
Authors: Matos Maxwell Paca , Teixeira Juan Lopes , Nascimento Brenno Lima , Griza Sandro , Holanda Francisco Sandro Rodrigues , Marino Regina Helena
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT The demand for biodegradable composite has grown worldwide in recent years, mainly in order to reduce environmental contamination by structural materials produced from the oil industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of isolates from the edible mushroom “Shiitake” (Lentinula edodes) in substrate coconut powder-based supplemented with wheat bran, as well as to analyze the influence of fungi growing period and drying time of the colonized substrate on the mechanical properties of the composite, in order to produce a biodegradable composite. The mycelial density is not influenced by the type of hyphae of L. edodes. Drying of the composite does not influence the residual odor, depending on the isolate. The compressive strength and foam type of the fungal composite may be influenced by the culture period and type of hyphae, depending on the fungal isolate. The composites colonized by the L. edodes isolates presented higher mechanical resistance at 30 days of complete colonization. The coconut powder supplemented with wheat bran colonized by isolated fungi LED 96/18 is an ecological alternative in the packaging production considering its mechanical properties.
Diet and ecomorphology of predator fish species of the Amazonian floodplain lakes
Authors: Cardoso Diogo Campos , deHart Pieter , Freitas Carlos Edwar de Carvalho , Siqueira-Souza Flávia Kelly
Published: June 2019

Abstract: Amazonian floodplain lakes host a high diversity of predatory fish which coexist and exploit the high diversity of available prey. Morphology could be the characteristic most closely associated with their preferred feeding sources (prey). However, it is unclear whether this association is direct or indirect. If it is indirect, swimming performance or preferential position in the water column could be the most evident characteristic. To examine the degree to which fish morphology of predator fish species is correlated to their dietary inputs, we compared the existence of morphological and feeding dissimilarity among eight predator species with the association between predator morphologies and preferred prey. We collected, measured, and sampled the stomach contents of fish from two lowland floodplain lakes associated with the Solimões River, Brazil, in May, August, and November of 2014. Of 187 collected fish across eight species, five species showed fish to be the most important item in their diets and three preferentially ate shrimp. Principal components analyses of ecomorphological attributes divided the species according to their ability to find the prey, swimming performance of the predator, and prey size. While there was significant distinction between the varying morphologies of predators, we were unable to distinguish between the specific diet of these species and did not find a correlation between morphology and feeding. These results are likely due to the fact that there is great abundance and diversity of available prey in the Amazonian floodplain lakes, so opportunistic feeding may be the primary foraging strategy of predator fish species living in these environments.
Knowledge of human papillomavirus and Pap test among Brazilian university students
Authors: Baptista Aimée Denzeler , Simão Carolina Xavier , Santos Vitoria Carvalho Guimarães dos , Melgaço Juliana Gil , Cavalcanti Silvia Maria Baeta , Fonseca Sandra Costa , Vitral Claudia Lamarca
Published: June 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most prevalent sexually transmitted virus in the world and is associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer. The most effective approach to cervical cancer control continues to be screening through the preventive Papanicolaou test (Pap test). This study analyzes the knowledge of university students of health science programs as well as undergraduate courses in other areas of knowledge on important questions regarding HPV. METHOD: Four hundred and seventy-three university students completed a questionnaire assessing their overall knowledge regarding HPV infection, cervical cancer, and the Pap test. A descriptive analysis is presented, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression identified factors associated with HPV/cervical cancer information. RESULTS: Knowledge was higher for simple HPV-related and Pap test questions but was lower for HPV interrelations with genital warts and cervical cancer. Being from the health science fields and having high income were factors associated with greater knowledge. Only the minority of the participants recognized all the situations that increased the risk of virus infection presented in the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the need for educational campaigns regarding HPV infection, its potential as a cervical cancer agent and the forms of prevention available.
Platelet to lymphocyte and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios as strong predictors of mortality in intensive care population
Authors: Karagoz Ibrahim , Yoldas Hamit
Published: June 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Patients in intensive care units (ICU) have greater morbidity and mortality. We aimed to study neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in the ICU population. METHODS: Medical and laboratory data of patients treated in ICU were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into deceased and survived groups. RESULTS: The NLR of survived and deceased groups were 3.6 (0.2-31) and 9.5 (1-40), respectively (p<0.001). The PLR of the survived group (111 [16-537]) was significantly lower than the PLR of the deceased (209 [52-1143]), (p<0.001). An NLR higher than 4.9 had 84% sensitivity and 67% specificity is selecting deceased patients (AUC:0.80, p<0.001). A PLR higher than 112 had 83% sensitivity and 52% specificity in predicting deadly cases (AUC:0.76, p<0.001). Both PLR and NLR were significantly and positively correlated with c reactive protein levels. CONCLUSION: We suggest that physicians should pay particular attention to the treatment of patients in ICU with elevated NLR and PLR.
Abnormal expression of b10 cell frequencies: possible relation to pathogenesis and disease severity of aplastic anemia
Authors: Gu Lihua , Fu Bin , Sui Xiaohui , Xu Hongzhi
Published: June 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Aplastic anemia (AA) is an immune-mediated disease that destroys hematopoietic cells through activated T lymphocytes. B lymphocyte-mediated humoral immunity also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AA. Regulatory B cell (Breg) subpopulation, which is defined as “B10”, secretes interleukin 10 (IL-10). The objective of our experiment was to investigate whether the scale-down proportion of B10 cells in AA patients may play a key role in the pathogenesis. METHODS: A total of 38 AA patients (14 SAA patients and 24 NSAA patients) and 20 healthy control subjects were included. All subjects did not suffer from autoimmune diseases or any other diseases affecting the immune system, such as infectious diseases. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and analyzed by Flow cytometry (FCM) and Immunofluorescence double-labeling assay. The relationship between the relative proportions of B10 and ProB10 and their associations to AA, as well as disease severity, were assessed by common clinical indicators and then examined. RESULTS: Our analyses revealed AA patients had significantly lower proportions of peripheral B10 and B10pro compared to healthy controls. SAA patients had a substantially lower percentage of B10 cells and B10pro cells compared to NSAA patients. In addition, B10 cells and B10pro cells were negatively correlated with absolute neutrophil counts, hemoglobin levels and platelet, and absolute reticulocyte counts in AA patients. CONCLUSIONS: The present study attempted to elucidate the potential role of the scale-down proportion of B10 cells in the pathogenesis of AA.
Brazilian Study of Nutrition and Health (EBANS) - Brazilian data of ELANS: methodological opportunities and challenges
Authors: Fisberg Mauro , Kovalskys Irina , Previdelli Agatha Nogueira , Zimberg Ioná Zalcman , Del’Arco Ana Paula Wolf Tasca , Ferrari Gerson Luis de Moraes
Published: June 2019

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies with dietary variables are complex methodologically, being the researcher responsible for anticipating, controlling, reducing and preventing methodological errors. Obesity accounts for almost one-third of the world's population and has consequences for childhood and adolescence. Multifactorial disorder must be faced in several aspects, being food and physical activity, modifiable risk factors. The EBANS aims to perform a diagnosis of the nutritional status of the Brazilian population from 15 to 65 years old, from all regions, and the parameters associated with obesity, with several possibilities of correlating data. METHODOLOGICAL PROCESS: Part of the ELANS study (n = 9218), the EBANS (n = 2000) has a weighted sample and data collection that allows: to evaluate the socioeconomic level of the population; perform a diagnosis of nutritional status (through anthropometric variables); to evaluate food intake (R24h and FFQ for beverages); and evaluate physical activity practice (IPAQ-long and accelerometer). METHODOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES: With national coverage, EBANS has the potential to compose regional analyzes, portray the current nutritional epidemiological condition, food consumption and physical activity pattern of the Brazilian population, at different life stages, and may have their data analyzed together or stratified, offering useful subsidies for the formulation of public policies. METHODOLOGICAL CHALLENGES: Each methodological step was designed to reduce errors and biases related to methodological challenges. CAAE REGISTRATION: 31670314.8.0000.5567. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Of great potential for future data analysis, EBANS tries to contribute to the generation of knowledge to foment policies and actions capable of changing the current obesity scenario.
Neurophysiological, cognitive-behavioral and neurochemical effects in practitioners of transcendental meditation - A literature review
Authors: Mosini Amanda Cristina , Saad Marcelo , Braghetta Camilla Casaletti , Medeiros Roberta de , Peres Mario Fernando Prieto , Leão Frederico Camelo
Published: June 2019

SUMMARY The term meditation can be used in many different ways, according to the technique to which it refers. Transcendental Meditation (MT) is one of these techniques. TM could serve as a model for research on spiritual meditation, unlike the meditation techniques based on secular knowledge. The purpose of the present study is to conduct a bibliographic review to organize scientific evidence on the effects of TM on neurophysiology, neurochemistry, and cognitive and behavioral aspects of its practitioners. To conduct this critical narrative review of the literature, we searched for scientific papers on the PubMed database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The keywords used in the search were Transcendental Meditation, Neuroscience of meditation e Meditation and behavior. We selected 21 papers that analyzed different aspects that could be altered through meditation practice. We concluded that TM has positive and significant documentable neurochemical, neurophysiological, and cognitive-behavioral effects. Among the main effects are the reduction of anxiety and stress (due to the reduction of cortisol and norepinephrine levels), increase of the feeling of pleasure and well-being (due to the increase of the synthesis and release of dopamine and serotonin), and influence on memory recall and possible consolidation. Further studies are needed using creative and innovative methodological designs that analyze different neural circuitry and verify the clinical impact on practitioners.
National scientific production on Burnout Syndrome in ICU nurses and physicians: a bibliometric study
Authors: Azevedo Kely Cristina Carneiro de , Batista Jaqueline Brito Vidal , Azevedo Roberta Carneiro de , Araújo Ana Lucia Belarmino de , Barros Eveline de Oliveira , Rodrigues Mariana de Sousa Dantas
Published: June 2019

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To analyze the scientific production on Burnout Syndrome in physicians and nurses of ICU in Brazil. METHOD: Bibliometric study, documentary, with quantitative approach. We selected articles published in Brazil on Burnout Syndrome in the ICUs, in the VHL and Portal Capes, from 2000 to 2018. RESULTS: 40 articles were identified, predominantly from the Southeast. Prevalence of those published in the Brazilian Journal of Intensive Care and in the Journal of Nursing UFPE online. The B2 Qualis periodical is the most prominent. The most prevalent descriptors were: Intensive Care Units, Burnout Syndrome, Burnout and Professional Exhaustion. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses are more interested in publishing this issue. Burnout Syndrome studied in intensive physicians would contribute to identifying its prevalence in these professionals.
Avaliação da solubilidade e sorção em água de alguns materiais restauradores diretos
Authors: MATICK Anna Carolina Cenci , NAVARRO Camila Hirata , HIGASHI Dayla Thyeme , PASCOTTO Renata Corrêa , FUJIMAKI Mitsue , TERADA Raquel Sano Suga
Published: June 2019

Resumo Introdução A solubilidade e sorção dos materiais restauradores são considerados fatores críticos, pois podem interferir na qualidade e durabilidade das restaurações. Objetivo Avaliar a solubilidade e sorção de água de alguns materiais restauradores. Material e método Foram confeccionados quatorze espécimes de cada um dos seguintes materiais: Equia® Forte, Z100, Fuji IX/ e Vidrion R, os quais foram levados a uma dessecadora e pesados diariamente até estabilização. Em seguida, foram inseridos em recipientes individuais contendo 40 mL de água destilada cada e divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o tempo de armazenagem: 7 ou 30 dias. Ao final de cada período, os espécimes foram retirados da água, pesados, levados à dessecadora e pesados novamente até estabilização. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando os testes ANOVA 2 critérios e Tukey. Resultado Com exceção do Equia® Forte e Z100, os demais materiais, apresentaram uma variação significativa da solubilidade ao longo do tempo. Quanto à sorção, observa-se que apenas o material Z100 não apresentou diferença significativa em relação ao tempo de armazenagem, mas, na comparação entre os materiais, todos apresentaram diferenças significativas em ambos os períodos. Conclusão Após os períodos de armazenagem de 7 e 30 dias em água, os materiais restauradores Equia® Forte e Z100 não apresentam variação significativa da solubilidade, sendo mais estáveis que os materiais Fuji IX e Vidrion R. Os materiais à base de ionômero de vidro, Equia® Forte, Fuji IX e Vidrion R, sofrem mais sorção em água quando comparados ao material Z100 em ambos os períodos.
Characterization of the performance of brazilian adolescents in the Pitch Pattern Sequence (PPS) test developed by Auditec®
Authors: Nardez Taina Maiza Bilinski , Guijo Laura Mochiatti , Lucas Priscila de Araújo , Cardoso Ana Cláudia Vieira
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT Purpose: to characterize the performance of Brazilian adolescents in the Pitch Pattern Sequence (PPS) test and compare the results with Auditec® normative values. Methods: 26 adolescents enrolled in elementary or secondary education, of both sexes, and between 12 and 18 years, participated in the study. The inclusion criteria adopted were: a) no alterations in the visual inspection of the external acoustic meatus; b) hearing thresholds within the normal range for both ears, that is, values equal to or lower than 25dBHL; c) bilateral type “A” tympanometric curve, d) presence of acoustic reflex, contralateral mode, in the frequencies of 500, 1000 and 2000Hz, in both ears, typical auditory behavior according to the Scale of Auditory Behaviors (SAB) or greater than 46 points. For adolescents, who met the inclusion criteria, the PPS (Auditec® version) was applied, binaurally, at 50dBSL. The findings were analyzed in a descriptive and inferential manner. Results: statistical analysis showed significance only for the comparison of the mean value of 88.10%, a result obtained in the PPS performed by Brazilians, when compared to the normative value (included) suggested by Auditec®, in which the mean was 96%. Conclusion: the findings of this study demonstrated that the values obtained in the PPS, Auditec® version, in the Brazilian population, were similar to those presented in the international literature.
Temporomandibular joint alterations: two clinical case-reports of bifid condyle and temporomandibular joint ankylosis
Authors: Limongi Mariana Campos , Manzi Flávio Ricardo , Limongi José Benedito Fonseca
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT The etiology of alterations of the temporomandibular joint, such as ankylosis and bifid condyle, comprises several causes including trauma. However, otological infections cannot be overlooked as a probable cause of alterations of the temporomandibular joint, because the proximity between the external auditory canal and the temporomandibular joint facilitates the spread of infection in the region. This article presents a case-report of a patient with bifid condyle of the temporomandibular joint, in which the patient had no history of facial trauma, but had suffered recurrent otitis infections during her childhood. In parallel, a second case-report is described of temporomandibular joint ankylosis in a 12-year-old patient with a history of facial trauma during her childhood. The purpose of this study was to highlight and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders to avoid the development of facial asymmetries, restore function, esthetics, and the psychological state of the patient.
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CRITERIA IN THE PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN STUDENTS FROM PARANAVAÍ, PARANÁ
Authors: Guilherme Flávio Ricardo , Nascimento Matheus Amarante do , Molena-Fernandes Carlos Alexandre , Guilherme Vânia Renata , Santos Stevan Ricardo dos , Elias Rui Gonçalves Marques , Rinaldi Wilson
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the difference in the proportion of students with metabolic syndrome, diagnosed according to different criteria. Methods: The sample consisted of 241 students (136 boys and 105 girls) aged 10 to 14 years, from public and private schools in Paranavaí, Paraná. We used three distinct diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, considering the presence of at least three of the following risk factors: increased waist circumference, hypertension, fasting hyperglycemia, low HDL-C, and elevated triglycerides. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome found was 1.7% (confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 0-3.3) for the IDF criterion; 3.3% (95%CI 1.0-5.6) for Cook; and 17.4% (95%CI 12.6-22.3) for Ferranti. Analyzing the criteria in pairs, the agreement between IDF and Cook was 97.5% (k=0.95); between IDF and Ferranti, 83.4% (k=0.67); and between Cook and Ferranti, 85.9% (k=0.72). Onlyone student (0.4%) was diagnosed with metabolic syndrome solely by the IDF criterion, while 34 (14.1%) were diagnosed exclusively by Ferranti. The comparison of the three criteria showed that Ferranti presented the highest proportion of metabolic syndrome (p<0.001), and Cook had a greater proportion than IDF (p<0.001). Conclusions: We found a significant difference in the proportion of metabolic syndrome in the three criteria. The choice of which criterion to use can compromise not only the percentage of metabolic syndrome prevalence but also interfere in strategies of intervention and prevention in children and adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome, respectively.
INACTIVE BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENT STUDENTS OF THE BRAZILIAN WESTERN AMAZON
Authors: Farias Edson dos Santos , Carvalho Wellington Roberto Gomes de , Moraes Anderson Marques de , Santos Josivana Pontes dos , Gemelli Ivanice Fernandes Barcellos , Souza Orivaldo Florêncio de
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of physical inactivity in adolescent students in the city of Porto Velho, RO, Northern Brazil, and its associated factors. Methods: School-based study, conducted with 2,694 adolescents. The self-reported variable for outcome was physical inactivity. Factors associated with inactive behavior were verified by multiple logistic regression. The independent variables were inserted into the model in hierarchical blocks. Results: The overall prevalence of inactive behavior was 39.5%. Females showed a higher prevalence of physical inactivity (46.2%) than males (31.4%). Adolescents in private schools and with reports of negative health perception had a high prevalence of physical inactivity. Regarding associated factors, the female sex showed a magnitude of association of 1.84 with physical inactivity. Being in a private school was associated with a 2.54 times greater chance of physical inactivity compared to public school students. Going to school by bus, car or motorcycle was associated with a 1.29 and 1.63 higher chance of physical inactivity respectively. Adolescents who reported having a negative health perception had 1.29 higher chance of physical inactivity, while having excess body fat showed magnitude of association of 1.36 in adolescents. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of physical inactivity in the studied adolescents. Considering that the behavior of physical inactivity adopted during adolescence may continue in adulthood, the promotion of actions that can change this behavior may improve health in the future as well as quality of life.
New urban policies, new forms of social participation? The challenges of the Água Espraiada Urban Consortium Operation in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Siqueira Marina Toneli
Published: June 2019

Abstract Urban consortium operation is a Brazilian instrument to implement large urban projects. It aims to promote urban services and infrastructure in a specific perimeter by selling construction benefits, which include changes in land uses and building rights. The list of works, their priority and overall development should be debated in management councils representing the diversity of stakeholders involved in the project. Focusing on the Água Espraiada Urban Consortium Operation in São Paulo, this paper analyses the work of its management committee from 2001 to 2014 and exposes disputes among different stakeholders, as well as their strategies and challenges to effective participation. Ultimately, what was supposed to be an arena for democratic decision-making has become an informative arena that legitimizes the project.
As interações entre um movimento social e os moradores da ocupação Eliana Silva na região do Barreiro em Belo Horizonte
Authors: Ferreira Diego Vales Deslandes , Jayme Juliana Gonzaga
Published: June 2019

Resumo Este trabalho pretende contribuir com o debate sobre a constituição de um modelo particular de produção informal de moradia, as ocupações. O objetivo é analisar como se fizeram as interações entre moradores da ocupação Eliana Silva, na região do Barreiro em Belo Horizonte, e o movimentos social de moradia na formação desse assentamento. Para tanto, foram realizadas conversas informais e entrevistas semiestruturadas com moradores-militantes e demais moradores sem vínculos com a organização. Argumenta-se, ao final, que o assentamento representa modos de uso e apropriação do espaço urbano, marcados por constantes transformações em função das disputas e das negociações entre a mobilidade dos ocupantes e a agenda dos movimentos sociais e do Estado.
A dificuldade em definir cidade: atualidade da discussão à luz de contributos recentes
Authors: Soares Manuel Pereira
Published: June 2019

Resumo Neste artigo, pretende-se abordar a questão da definição de cidade. Começa por se recorrer a alguns dos contributos teóricos que, ao longo dos anos, foram sendo dados para essa discussão, convocando alguns dos sociólogos que se debruçaram sobre o tema. Tentaremos, de seguida, perceber como é definida a cidade de acordo com as suas diferentes realidades. Critérios como os da dimensão e densidade parecem estar presentes em todas as tentativas de definição, mas não são suficientes para conseguir consenso para uma definição única, que parece não ser possível encontrar. A funcionalidade toma importância como complemento para essa discussão. Debruçamo-nos igualmente sobre a realidade portuguesa e a dicotomia cidade/vila tão presente no contexto nacional.
The structuring role of macrophytes on plankton community composition and bacterial metabolism in a large subtropical shallow lake
Authors: They Ng Haig , Marques David da Motta
Published: June 2019

Abstract Aim We aimed at investigating changes in major groups of plankton (bacterioplankton, phytoplankton and zooplankton) and bacterioplankton metabolism along a transect covering a littoral, macrophyte dominated zone to a pelagic, phytoplankton dominated zone in the large subtropical shallow lake Mangueira, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Methods The 3.2 km littoral-pelagic transect (7 points) was sampled in October 2007 in the southern section of the lake. Major taxonomic groups of phytoplankton and zooplankton were counted and identified by optic microscopy. The bacterioplankton was identified by FISH (Fluorescent in situ Hybridization), and bacterial abundance, biovolume and biomass were quantified by epifluorescence microscopy. Primary and bacterial productions were measured by incorporation of radioactive bicarbonate and leucine, respectively. Bacterial respiration was measured by experiments of oxygen consumption, and an extensive data set of limnological variables were measured through standard methods. Results Sharp changes in chemical/physical variables, as well as in bacterial density, biovolume, biomass and bacterial growth efficiency occurred on average at 30% of macrophyte coverage, with most of them increasing towards pelagic zones. The composition of major groups of zooplankton, phytoplankton, bacterial morphotypes and phylotypes indicated that different planktonic assemblies live apart in these two zones. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that macrophytes are a structuring driver of the plankton community and bacterial metabolism in this large subtropical shallow lake.
Nutritional value changes in response to temperature, microalgae mono and mixed cultures
Authors: Militão Frederico Pacheco , Fernandes Valéria de Oliveira , Bastos Kathiani Victor , Martins Aline Paternostro , Colepicolo Pio , Machado Levi Pompermayer
Published: June 2019

Abstract Aim The response of mixed cultures and monocultures of Pseudopediastrum boryanum (Turpin) E. Hegewald and Scenedesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing was assessed in the laboratory at three different temperatures: 20, 30 and 40 °C. The change in biomass and biochemical composition of these cultures was evaluated. Methods Microalgae were placed in a batch culture over 21-days in ASM1 medium. Cell density was directly counted every two days using a Fuchs-Rosenthal hemocytometer. Chlorophyll ‘a’ and total carotenoids were extracted twice. Protein, carbohydrate, total lipid and fatty acid contents were determined at the end of the experiment. Results Cultures grown in 40 °C exhibited no growth. However, there was increased cell density (13.6 x 106 cell.mL-1) and biomass (55 g.L-1) in the S. obliquus monoculture at 30 °C. High protein concentrations (672.6 mg.g-1) were observed in monocultures P. boryanum and S. obliquus at 20 °C treatments. There were high carbohydrate concentrations (6.17 mg.g-1) in P. boryanum unialgal at 30 °C. There was no significant difference in total lipid content between S. obliquus (95.5 mg.g-1), P. boryanum (96.3 mg.g-1) and the mixed culture at 20 °C (105.3 mg.g-1). FAMEs varied significantly regarding the number of unsaturated components, which predominantly consisted of fatty acids with two or more unsaturated bonds. Conclusions The biomass of the treatments analyzed was rich in proteins and essential fatty acids (such as linolenic acid), yet low in carbohydrate content, suggesting its potential use as a food supplement. Our results indicate that mixed culture of P. boryanum and S. obliquus was inefficient in cultivating biomass or biochemical compounds as compared to the unialgal cultivations. However, algae grown together showed better stability in their biochemical composition in response to changes in temperature, an important factor for microalgae production in open ponds and in food safety measures. These results suggest the consortia among different species of microalgae should be tested to determine better methodologies for the production of biomass and metabolites with greater stability towards environmental factors.
Sportsman’s hernia
Authors: Vagholkar Ketan , Garima Shivangi , Kripalani Yash , Chandrashekhar Shantanu , Vagholkar Suvarna
Published: June 2019

Sportsman’s hernia is a complex entity with injuries occurring at different levels in the groin region. Each damaged anatomical structure gives rise to a different set of symptoms and signs making the diagnosis difficult. The apprehension of a hernia is foremost in the mind of the surgeon. Absence of a hernia sac adds to the confusion. Hence awareness of this condition is essential for the general surgeon to avoid misdiagnosis.
A study of nutritional anemia among urban primary school children of Katihar
Authors: Pandey Arun Kumar , Rani Soni
Published: June 2019

Background: Children health is an important concern for all societies since it contributes to overall development. The present position with regards to health and nutritional status of children is not satisfactory despite of mid-day meal programme running in government run schools. This study is conducted to assess the proportion of children, aged between 6 year to 11 years having anemia and socio demographic factors associated with iron deficiency anemia among selected children.Methods: For the purpose of study a list of all government primary schools of Katihar had been prepared and equal numbers of students were examined from randomly selected schools. By taking the prevalence of anemia 50% among school children for confidence level 95% with 10% relative precision with sample size comes out to be 384. The sample size was doubled to cover both boys and girls in the study. A total of 800 students (426 boys and 374 girls) in the age group of 6-11 years were interviewed and examined.Results: Out of 800 children total 343 (42.88%) were anemic. The prevalence of anemia was 37.96% among boys and 48.07% among girls. The prevalence of mild and moderate anemia among boys was 32.05% and 67.95% and 70.8% and 29.2% among girls respectively. The prevalence of anemia was high among lower and upper lower socio-economic status (100% and 45.32%). The proportion of anemic children showed a significant association with education of mother and nutritional status. Proportion of anemia decreased significantly with increase in education status of mother.Conclusions: The prevalence of anemia was found high among primary school children. Major factors which influence the prevalence of anemia were socioeconomic status, mother education and nutritional status of children.
Effects of intra articular steroids, hyaluronic acid and combination of both among patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: B. Uganath Subash , M. Sundaramoorthy
Published: June 2019

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disorder of articular cartilage accompanied by hypertrophic changes of the bone. In the management of OA, though use of intra articular (IA) injection of steroids, hyaluronic acid (HA) separately plays an important role, their effects in terms of reducing pain, joint stiffness and movement restriction when it is used in combination remains a question. Hence this study was planned to assess the effects of HA and steroids alone with combination of both Ha and steroids.

Methods: Prospective randomized comparative study, among patients with osteoarthritis knee attending the outpatient department of Orthopedics in a tertiary care hospital during January 2017 to May 2018, were included. Patients were randomized in three groups (steroids, HA and combination of both) and a total of 96 patients were included and the outcome was assessed by WOMAC scale. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 20.

Results: Pain and movement restriction, at the end of fourth week and pain, joint stiffness and movement restriction, were found to be statistically improved in combined steroids and HA group than the group with steroids alone. Similarly at the end of third month, pain and movement restriction were found to be statistically improved in combined steroids and HA group than HA group alone.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that HA together with corticosteroid provides pain relief, reduction of joint stiffness and helps in improving joint movements within three months after treatment.
Effects of tranexamic acid in major orthopedic surgical procedures: a randomized comparative study
Authors: B. Uganath Subash , M. Sundaramoorthy
Published: June 2019

Background: Despite modern healthcare system, major surgeries always cause economical constraints. Complications due to blood loss, long hospital stay are most common in major surgical procedures. Tranexamic acid (TXA), a synthetic derivative of lysine is used instead of blood transfusion to control bleeding peri and post operatively. Hence this study was planned to assess the effects of tranexamic acid on various orthopedic surgical procedures, in terms of blood loss, duration of surgical procedure and hospital stay.

Methods: Prospective randomized comparative study, among patients undergoing elective and emergency orthopedic surgery. Patients with multiple fractures, organ injury and CKD were excluded from this study. Patients were randomized to tranexamic acid (TXA) group and colloids, blood transfusion group based on computer generated random numbers. Thirty two patients were randomized to tranexamic acid group and thirty two in control group. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS V 20.

Results: The mean age group was 38.41±11.4 and 36.83±13.5 in TXA group and control group respectively. The mean SD for blood loss in TXA group was 321.5±124.7 and control group 482.7±189.6, the difference was found to be highly statistically significant with p=0.0002. Likewise the difference in postoperative Hb was found to be statistically significant with p<0.01. The p value for surgical site infection and hematoma was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: TXA significantly reduces blood loss and blood transfusion requirements in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.
Results of sagittaly unstable intertrochanteric fractures managed by dual reduction technique
Authors: Kalia Anoop , Saini Gaurav , Sharma Isha , Kadam Sagar
Published: June 2019

Background: We evaluated the functional and radiological outcome of sagittally unstable intertrochanteric fractures reduced by dual technique consisting of a crutch placed posteriorly over distal fragment and pushing the flexed proximal fragment by ramrod anteriorly over a period of 12 months.

Methods: A fracture was defined as sagittally unstable intertrochanteric fracture when posterior sagging of distal fragment and flexion of proximal fragment worsens after routine maneuvers for closed reduction. Out of the 80 intertrochanteric fractures treated from February 2018 to April 2019, 16 hips had sagittal instability and after reduction were treated with proximal femoral nail (Stryker Trauson) in some patients and DePuy Synthes proximal femoral nail PFNA in remaining patients. These 16 patients were followed up for a period of 1 year and functional and radiological outcome was noted.

Results: Out of the 16 patients, 10 were males and 6 were females. The mean age was 68.2 years. According to the A.O classification out of the 16 patients, 7, 5 and 4 patients were classified as A1.3, A2.1, and A2.2 or more. The mean time from injury till surgery was 4.6 days. The mean surgical time was 45.8 minutes. The mean time for radiological union was 22.4 weeks. The mean pre injury activity level was 4.2 while the mean final activity level was 3.8 (1-5) according to modified Koval activity index.

Conclusions: Anatomical reduction followed by rigid internal fixation is the key to success in intertrochanteric fractures. 
Modelos hipsométricos ajustados para um fragmento de cerrado Sensu stricto tocantinense
Authors: Machado Igor Elói Silva , Medeiros Paulo Cesar Alves de Oliveira , Carvalho Marla Guedes Cordeiro , Perez Claudia Alicia Marin , Santana Thiago Franco , Andrade Valdir Carlos de Lima
Published: June 2019

Para uma redução dos custos de inventário florestal, os modelos hipsométricos são de grande valia. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo ajustar e avaliar modelos de relação hipsométrica em área de Cerrado em processo regenerativo situada no município de Gurupi (TO). Foram testados dez modelos, incluindo cinco lineares e cinco não lineares, no qual os ajustes foram realizados por meio do software R for Windows. Foram utilizados como critério de seleção do ajuste dos modelos os parâmetros estatísticos do coeficiente de determinação ajustado (R²aj.), o erro padrão residual (sHH) e a análise gráfica dos resíduos e, em seguida, a validação dos melhores modelos ajustados. As melhores estatísticas de ajuste foram para os modelos não lineares, com destaque para o modelo de Gompertz (modelo 7), R²aj: 0,489 e sHH: 17,58%. Os modelos, em geral, superestimaram a altura, atingindo até 40 % a mais do que a altura das plantas reais. Diante disso, seis modelos foram para a validação,sendo dois lineares e quatro não lineares. O melhor modelo com a predição foi o Prodan não linear (modelo 10), que obteve melhores valores estatísticos e variação gráfica. Conclui-se que os modelos não lineares explicaram melhor a variável dependente altura.
Use of drone with digital photographic machine embedded for determination of leaf cover
Authors: Michels Roger Nabeyama , Bertozzi Janksyn , Dal Bosco Tatiane Cristina , De Aguiar e Silva Marcelo Augusto , Gnoatto Estor , Endo Soares Cinthia Harumi
Published: June 2019

The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) obtained via radiometer is important to determine the physiological state of plant, being a promising tool for decision making as to the best time for the application of agricultural pesticides, to analyze the threshold of economic damage. The use of drones with digital camera embedded in agriculture is in broad expansion. Through digital images analyzed in computer programs and correlated with NDVI it is possible to determine the leafcover in plants. The aim of this study was to confirm the use of digital images at 30 m in height to determine the leaf cover, correlating them with NDVI values obtained on the ground. Therefore, 30 m height photos were taken with the help of a drone and three stages of maize development (N4, N8 and R1), which were considered as treatments; afterwards, the images were analyzed in software to survey the leaf cover. The NDVI data were obtained in the same areas at a height of 0.5 m from the crop canopy, and it were submitted to the Scott Knott Test at 5 % significance and Pearson correlation. There was no statistical difference between methods and the Pearson correlation coefficient value (0,952) confirms strong evidence for correlation between the two methods. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of drone with embedded digital camera has promising use for the determination of leaf cover in maize.
Sensibility of sugarcane cultivars to pre and post-emergence herbicides
Authors: Castro Fernanda Maria Rodrigues , Bruzi Adriano Teodoro , Mourão Marcos Machado , Andrade Luiz Antônio de Bastos , Gonçalves Adenilson Henrique , Nunes José Airton Rodrigues
Published: June 2019

Chemical control is used to restrain the attack of weeds on cultivated crops in Brazil; however, the overuse of chemical products can cause damage to the crops. This study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxicity caused by pre-emergence (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicides in sugarcanecultivars and their influence in agronomic and technological traits as well as to verify the existence of correlation between the herbicides effect and the measured traits. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications, considering the factorial combinationof five sugarcane cultivars and five control strategies, being four herbicides and one control. The sensitivity was evaluated at 30, 60 and 90 days after application, through a scale of intoxication symptoms. The herbicides with active ingredients diuron + hexazinone and ametryn presented morephytotoxicity effect; the cultivars RB867515 and SP81-3250 showed greater toxicity symptoms when exposed to the agrochemicals. Plant height was the only trait influenced by the herbicides. It was observed a significant correlation between the trait number of stems and phytotoxicity effect.
Flora de plantas tóxicas do Campus Machado do IFSULDEMINAS, Machado, MG
Authors: Chiminazzo Marco Antonio , Andrade Renon Santos , Vieira Leonardo Pazzini , Ferreira Júnior Walnir Gomes
Published: June 2019

O Brasil possui alto índice de intoxicações provenientes de plantas tóxicas, vegetais estes caracterizados pelo potencial de síntese de princípios ativos com capacidade de causar alterações nos organismos humanos e animais. A pesquisa teve o objetivo de realizar o levantamento de plantas tóxicas no Campus do Instituto Federal do Sul de Minas Gerais, no município de Machado, tendo em vista que o local possui grande tráfego diário de servidores, alunos e da população em geral que podem ser expostos aos vegetais tóxicos. Para tanto, foram realizadas excursões para catalogaçãodas espécies encontradas nas áreas urbanizadas do Campus. Foram identificadas, registradas e georreferenciadas 39 plantas tóxicas pertencentes a 19 famílias botânicas, assim como seus nomes populares e princípios tóxicos.
Estudo do rendimento de bombeamento para um protótipo de carneiro hidráulico de PVC
Authors: Ykeda Gustavo Eiji , Barbosa Fernando da Silva , Del Pino Miguel Angel Isaac Toledo
Published: June 2019

Devido à dificuldade energética no meio rural e à necessidade de irrigação, mesmo em pequenas propriedades, tem aumentado o uso do carneiro hidráulico, o qual por meio do princípio do golpe de aríete bombeia água sem o uso de energia elétrica. Contudo, seu rendimento em função da altura bombeada não é tão eficiente. Por meio deste estudo, objetivou-se com a adição de uma válvula retentora na entrada do carneiro ter um ganho de eficiência. A válvula tem a função de formar uma barreira física para a água que retorna, após seu golpe, com a válvula de sucção. O projeto foi desenvolvido com delineamento em blocos casualisados, com 4 blocos. Foram instalados 1 carneiro hidráulico de PVC (convencional) e 1 carneiro hidráulico com retentor que foram avaliados ao mesmo tempo. A altura de queda foi a mesma, variando 1 metro da altura bombeada a cada 4 dias. Foram realizadas 4 repetições para cada altura analisada e avaliou-se a vazão de saída por meio de hidrômetros, pressão de entrada e saída do sistema, vazão de entrada, volume de água perdida e número de batidas por minuto, sendo possível medir sua eficiência. O carneiro hidráulico com válvula apresentou um rendimento inferior na maioria das alturas estudadas, o bombeamento foi superior ao convencional somente aos 9 metros de altura, o que prejudica a relação custo-benefício.
Óleo essencial e teores de nutrientes da priprioca em resposta à adubação orgânica e à calagem
Authors: Galvão Jessivaldo Rodrigues , Yakuwa Tiago Kesajiro Moraes , Costa Júlio Cesar Gomes , Da Silva Deivison Rodrigues , De Almeida Karine Costa , Araújo Leonardo Brandão
Published: June 2019

A flora aromática nativa da Amazônia vem sendo alvo de vários estudos básicos. Uma dessas espécies é a Cyperus articulatus L., conhecida como priprioca, cujo óleo essencial tem grande potencial de exploração devido a sua importância na farmacopeia local. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a produção de óleo essencial e os teores de macronutrientes de plantas de priprioca (Cyperus articulatus L.), em resposta à adubação orgânica e à correção do solo. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 distribuídos em quatro repetições. A cama de aviário foi mais eficiente que a torta de mamona e o esterco de gado promoveu as maiores produções de óleo essencial quando aplicadas às dosagens com 330 g vaso-1 e 440 g vaso-1 em solo que recebeucalcário. A cama aviária e a calagem em interação ou com os outros tratamentos foram as mais eficientes no estímulo à absorção dos macronutrientes; a calagem não influenciou a absorção de K, Ca, Mg e S quando em interação com a torta de mamona ou com o esterco de gado.
Sumário
Authors: Agrogeoambiental Revista
Published: June 2019

Summary
An Effective Method for Detecting Y-chromosome Specific Sequences of Circulating Fetal DNA in Maternal Plasma During the First-trimester
Authors: Davoodian Najmeh , Kadivar Ali , Heidari Khoie Heidar , Hematian Khayat Sima , Heidari Nasirabadi Mahboobeh
Published: June 2019

Background and Aims: New advances in the use of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal plasma of pregnant women has provided the possibility of applying cffDNA in prenatal diagnosis as a non-invasive method. One of the applications of prenatal diagnosis is fetal gender determination. Early prenatal determination of fetal sex is required for pregnant women at risk of X-linked and some endocrine diseases. The present study was carried out to perform an efficient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method in order to improve sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of non-invasive fetal gender detection using fetal DNA in maternal plasma during 8th -12th weeks of pregnancy.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-five pregnant women with 8 to 12 weeks of pregnancy were selected for prenatal fetal sex determination. Maternal peripheral blood was collected and cffDNA was extracted from 3-ml of maternal plasma. Two multi copy Y-chromosome-specific region (DYS and DAZ) and a single copy gene (SRY) were amplified by real-time quantitative PCR. Amplification was labeled as positive, negative, or inconclusive according to a stringent algorithm.
Results: Using this method, the sensitivity and specificity of the real-time PCR assay was 100% and 93.8% for prenatal fetal sex detection, respectively.
Conclusions: It is concluded that fetal sex can be determined with a high level of accuracy by our algorithm, after 8 weeks of gestation with cffDNA analysis.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ECOLETERACY LEARNING DESIGN AT ADIWIYATA SCHOOL AS AN EFFORT FORMATION SOCIETY IN ALAM INSAN MULIA SCHOOL OF SURABAYA
Authors: Daesusi Ruspeni , . Asy’ari
Published: June 2019

Purpose of Study: The research was to know the implementation of ecoliteracy learning design at Adiwiyata School as an effort formation society in Alam Insan Mulia School of Surabaya.

Methodology: This research used a descriptive quantitative approach with 30 respondents. The data was achieved through observation, interview, and students’ questionnaire with relevant questions. Then, the data that was achieved analyze descriptively used percentage and trick with frequency divide to respondent amount times 100%.

Results:Based on the result of analysis, it can identified significantly, so the result contemplation from all that design ecoleteracy learning was valid, it can be proofed in SAIM School, which the process was doing in the society school and in the general environment with the learning process with the society has a base environment with habituate students care to society in SAIMS, with the 25 frequencies in the amount of 75.0%, and contemplation from the average that was achieved in the amount of 3.53 with good category. After that, the implementation of ecoleteracy learning influence to students’ compassion well in SAIM School, and it can be seen from students’ questionnaire that showed 25 frequencies in the amount of 75.0%, contemplation from the average that was achieved in the amount of 3.01, so it was good frequency.

Implications/Applications: The implementation of ecoleteracy learning design in Adiwiyata School was good enough category in SAIMS.