bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Partial replacement of soybean meal with pumpkin seed cake in lamb diets: Effects on carcass traits, haemato-chemical parameters and fatty acids in meat
Authors: Antunović Z. , Klir Ž. , Šperanda M. , Sičaja V. , Čolović D. , Mioč B. , Novoselec J.
Published: April 2021

The composition of lamb diets has an effect on production traits and meat quality, especially fatty acid proportions. Recently, in organic farming, soybean meal has frequently been replaced with feedstuffs that are rich in protein. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of partial replacement of soybean meal with pumpkin seed cake on carcass traits, biochemical parameters and fatty acids of lamb meat produced in organic farming. The research was carried out on 70-day-old lambs of the Merinolandschaf breed. Thirty-six lambs were grouped by gender, and allotted to three treatment groups, which were given one of the three diets: control diet with no pumpkin seed cake; a diet in which 10% of soybean meal was replaced with 10% pumpkin seed cake; and a diet in which 15% of soybean meal was replaced with 15% pumpkin seed cake. The experimental feeding period was 30 days. Hay and water were provided ad libitum. Differential blood tests and haematological parameters were determined, and the concentrations of minerals and biochemical parameters, and enzyme activity were ascertained in blood serum. Carcass traits and lamb meat colour did not differ among dietary treatments. Significant differences were observed in the concentrations of some biochemical parameters, which indicated good energy and protein balance, and changes in fat metabolism that did not impair antioxidant status. Compared with the control, the concentration of linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6) was higher in diets containing 10% and 15% of pumpkin seed cake replacements. The results indicated that partial replacement of soybean meal with 10% or 15% of pumpkin seed cake could be implemented in lamb feeding in organic farming without major changes in carcass traits, haemato-chemical parameters and the fatty acid profile in meat.Keywords: Blood parameters, meat quality, Merinolandschaf lambs, organic farming
Meat production characteristics of Turkish native breeds: I. Fattening, slaughter and carcass traits of lambs
Authors: Aksoy Y. , Uğurlu M. , Önenç A. , Şirin E. , Şen U. , Çiçek Ü. , Ulutaş Z. , Kuran M.
Published: April 2021

The present study was conducted to determine the slaughter and carcass traits of male lambs of the Akkaraman (A), Morkaraman (M), Awassi (IW), Karayaka (KR), Kıvırcık (KV) and Middle Anatolian Merino (MAM) sheep breeds. Fattening of all lambs started when they were at 90 days at weaning and finished when they reached bodyweight of 40 kg. The cold dressing percentage of lambs of A, M, and IW breeds were significantly lower than those of KV, KR and MAM. Fat depth and muscle area were significantly greater in KV and MAM lambs than those of the other breeds. There were significant differences among breeds in shoulder, leg and lean weights. Weights of back loin in KV and MAM lambs were significantly greater than those of the other breeds. The highest values for carcass fleshiness were obtained in MAM and IW lambs, but they had a significantly lower carcass fatness score. There were significant differences among the breeds in carcass compactness and leg conformation. The results of the present study indicated that A and MAM breeds could be recommended for desirable carcass characteristics.Keywords: Carcass cuts, indigenous sheep breed, intensive lamb finishing, meat formation, SEUROP classification
Joint genetic analysis for dairy cattle performance across countries in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Opoola O. , Banos G. , Ojango J.M.K. , Mrode R. , Simm G. , Banga C.B. , Beffa L.M. , Chagunda M.G.G.
Published: April 2021

This study assessed the feasibility of across-country genetic evaluation of dairy cattle in sub-Saharan Africa where data on livestock production are scarce. Genetic parameters were estimated for the 305-day milk yield in the first lactation and across five lactations, for age at first calving and for interval between first and second calving. Estimated breeding values of individual animals for these traits were calculated. There were records from 2 333, 25 208, and 5 929 Holstein cows in Kenya, South Africa, and Zimbabwe, and 898 and 65134 Jersey cows from Kenya and South Africa. Genetic gain from sire selection within and across countries. was predicted Genetic links between countries were determined from sires with daughters that had records in two or more countries, and from common ancestral sires across seven generations on both the maternal and paternal sides of the pedigree. Each country was treated as a trait in the across-country evaluation. The results showed that genetic variance and heritability were not always estimable within country, but were significantly different from zero in the across-country evaluation. In all three countries, there was greater genetic gain in all traits from an across-country genetic evaluation owing to greater accuracy of selection compared with within country. Kenya stood to benefit most from an across-country evaluation, followed by Zimbabwe, then South Africa. An across-country breeding programme using joint genetic evaluation would be feasible, provided that there were genetic links across countries, and would provide a platform for accelerated genetic progress through selection and germplasm exchange between sub-Saharan African countries.Keywords: across-country genetic evaluation, genetic connectedness, genetic progress
Performance of Rhode Island Red, Black Australorp, and Naked Neck crossbreds under alternative production systems
Authors: Usman M. , Mahmud A. , Hussain J. , Javid A.
Published: April 2021

The effects of the production system, breed cross, and their interaction on performance, egg quality, and hatching traits were evaluated. Rhode Island Red and Black Australorp were crossed with Naked Neck chickens (first generation RNN, and BNN, respectively). These crosses were mated among themselves and crossed to produce four crossbreds: RR (RNN x RNN), BB (BNN x BNN), RB (RNN x BNN), and BR (BNN x RNN). Thirty-six pullets and 9 cockerels from each crossbred were maintained in three production systems: the aviary system (AV), conventional cages (CC), and enriched cages (EC). Thus there were 48 pullets and 12 cockerels in each production system. Bodyweight, egg production percentage, and egg weight were highest in EC, followed by CC and AV. Higher egg weight, egg surface area, and egg volume were also observed in EC compared with CC and AV. Fertility and hatchability were higher and early embryonic mortality was lower in AV than in EC and CC. Bodyweight, egg production percentage, egg weight, egg volume, and surface area were higher for RB and BR than for BB and RR. Fertility and hatchability were similar for RB and BR. RR was similar to BR, but lower than RB. BB had the lowest fertility and hatchability. Thus, chickens in EC performed better than in the other systems, except that hatching traits were better in AV. RB and BR performed better than BB and RR.Key words: breed crosses, chicken, egg quality, hatchability
Response of broiler chicks to L-Glutamine feeding in the immediate pre- and post-hatch periods
Authors: Karamik S. , Kop-Bozbay C.
Published: April 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of in ovo and post-hatching supplementation with L-Glutamine (Gln) on hatching characteristics, performance, small intestinal morphology, and muscle development of broilers. At day 18 of incubation, 960 fertilized eggs were allocated to four treatments with six replicates. Eggs were i) not injected (negative control) (NC), ii) subject to the standard incubation procedure (PG), iii) injected with 1 ml sterile solution with 0.9% salt (positive control) (PC), and iv) injected with 1% Gln solution (IG). On hatching, the SC chicks were fed with 1% Gln for seven days. The remaining chicks were fed a commercial starter feed. After hatching, there were six replicates of 28 birds in each treatment. Hatchability and yolk sac weight were lower and yolk-free chick weight (YFCW), whole gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and breast muscle weights were higher at hatching for chicks from the IG treatment. At 42 days old, feed conversation ratio (FCR) was lower in birds that had Gln added to their diet than for the other treatments. The FCR was also lower in IG birds than birds in the NC group. The GIT weight, villus height, villus width and crypt depth of the birds receiving dietary supplementation of Gln were greater than those of birds in PC and IG. Thus, in ovo injection of Gln improved hatching characteristics except for hatchability. Further, in ovo and dietary Gln administration reduced FCR by stimulating digestive system development.
Evaluation of female fertility in dairy cattle enterprises – A review
Authors: Kgari R.D. , Muller C.J.C. , Dzama K. , Makgahlela M.L.
Published: April 2021

The aim of this article was to review the state of fertility of female dairy cattle in South Africa and to compare it with international efforts at improving fertility. Fertility in dairy cows is defined as the ability to conceive from first insemination soon after calving and to carry the calf full term to calving. It is one of the main profit drivers in the dairy industry and is a complex trait that is influenced by the environment, genetics, and their interaction. Generally, there has been a decline in dairy cow fertility across breeds worldwide because of intense selection for milk yield, milk components, and body conformation traits. In addition, most fertility traits are negatively correlated to milk production traits. Milk production has been the focal point of selection programmes as it is linked directly to the profitability of the dairy enterprise. The low heritability of fertility traits is one of the factors that discouraged efforts to include fertility in genetic evaluations. However, owing to its economic importance, female fertility was later included in the breeding objectives for dairy cattle in several countries. Although most fertility traits are heritable to a low degree, some additive genetic variability can be exploited.
Effects of fibre source on nutrient digestibility of diets for finishing lambs
Authors: Macdonald J.F. , Einkamerer O.B. , Hugo A. , Lepori A. , Josling G.C. , Fair M.D.
Published: April 2021

Inexpensive fibre sources might be used as an alternative to lucerne hay in diets for finishing lambs. Thus, effects of providing fibre from lucerne hay (LH), soyhulls (SH), maize stover (MS) and Eragrostis teff hay (ET) on the nutrient digestibility of diets of finishing lambs with comparable NDF and nutrient concentration were evaluated. Thirty-six individually housed Merino ram lambs (x̄ = 43.03, SD = 3.72 kg) were randomly allocated to four diets (n = 9 lambs/treatment). A digestibility study was conducted to determine the nutrient availability of these diets. Dry matter (DM) intake of SH (1436 g) was lower than ET (1716 g). No differences were recorded between treatments for digestibility of NDF (0.32 - 0.34), acid detergent fibre (ADF) (0.41 - 0.44), and ether extract (EE) (0.67 - 0.75), except that MS (0.23) had lower NDF digestibility. Digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM) and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) were similar for the LH (0.72; 0.75; 0.96) and SH (0.70; 0.74; 0.95) diets, whereas digestibility of crude protein (CP) (0.71 vs. 0.68), metabolizable energy (ME) (9.49 vs. 8.90 MJ/kg DM), and the available ash fraction (0.39 vs. 0.28) were altered. The SH and ET (8.70 MJ/kg DM) treatments had similar ME concentrations, but ET had lower DM digestibility (0.68). The MS treatment had the lowest ME concentration (8.25 MJ/kg DM). The LH treatment resulted in overall better nutrient availability compared with SH, MS, and ET.
Carcass characteristics of immunocastrated steers finished on diets with different energy patterns
Authors: De Moura A.F. , Filho D.C.A. , Brondani I.L. , Pereira L.B. , Joner G. , Martini A.P.M. , Pacheco R.F. , Mayer A.R. , Da Silva M.B. , Borchate D.
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of various dietary energy levels on the carcass and meat characteristics of feedlot-finished steers. A total of 27 purebred and crossbred Charolais and Nellore steers were used, with a mean initial age of 22 months and weight of 253 kg. The animals were allotted to a completely randomized design with three treatments and nine replicates each. Dietary treatments were arranged so that the average forage to concentrate ratio (FCR) was equivalent to that of a constant FCR treatment. The treatments consisted of CT (constant FCR at 60 to 40), CT5 (starting with 70: 30 FCR and finishing with 50: 50 FCR, that is, a mean overall FCR of 60: 40), and CT10 (starting with 80: 20 FCR and finishing with 40: 60, that is, a mean overall FCR of 60: 40). The dietary treatments did not affect slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass conformation, physiological maturity, subcutaneous fat thickness, ribeye area, marbling score, and carcass measurements or the yield of commercial cuts. Chilling loss was higher in CT10 steers (2.41%) than in CT (2.26%) and CT5 (2.15%).
Effect of microbial inoculants on the chemical composition and aerobic stability of Tanzania guinea grass silages
Authors: Bumbieris Junior V.H. , Horst E.H. , Guimarães V.A.P. , Massaro Junior F.L. , Moraes G.J. , Meza D.A.R. , Galbeiro S.
Published: April 2021

The present study evaluated the effects of microbial inoculants on chemical changes and aerobic stability efficiency in Tanzania guinea grass silage. The treatments consisted of C: silage without inoculant; I: silage inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum (CCT 0580) 8.0 x 109 CFU g-1, Bacillus subtilis (CCT 0089) 2.0 x 109 CFU g-1, and Pediococcus acidilactici (CCT 2553) 1.0 x 1010 CFU g-1, and L: silage inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum (CCT 0580) 2.6 x 1010 CFU g-1 and Pediococcus pentosaceus (CCT 7659) 2.6 x 1010 CFU g-1. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five replications. There were no treatment effects on the nutritional composition of the silages, but both inoculants were effective in reducing the pH of the silage to 4.80 and 4.83 for I and L, respectively, compared with 5.04 for C. Silage with L had a lower ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3) content than the other silages (9.83%). Despite the lower pH values, the use of inoculants did not reduce fungal and yeast counts or improve the aerobic stability of Tanzania guinea grass silages.
Parasitic helminth infection in anurans from Ozomo Wetland, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Edo-Taiwo O. , Onyebuolise U.G.
Published: April 2021

Anurans from Ozomo Wetland were examined for parasitic helminth infection. Among these anurans were Arthroleptis poecilonotus, Arthroleptis sp., Leptopelis occidentalis, L. spiritusnoctus, Sclerophrys maculata, Hoplobatrachus occipitalis, Hyperolius concolor, H. fusciventris burtoni Phase B, Hyperolius sp., Afrixalus dorsalis, Ptychadena bibroni, P. longirostris, P. mascareniensis, P. oxyrhynchus, P. pumilio, Hemisus marmoratus and Silurana tropicalis. The prevalence and intensity of infection recorded in the anurans were 58.2% and 9.5 parasites/infected host, respectively. Eighteen parasite species were recovered and these include the monogeneans (Polystoma aeschilimanni, P. prudhoei and P. prucei); digeneans (Diplodiscus fischthalicus, Metahaematoloechus micrurus and Mesocoelium monodi) and nematodes (Amplicaecum sp., Aplectana sp., Batrachocamallanus siluranae, Camallanus dimitrovi, Chabaudus leberrei, Cosmocerca commutata, C. ornata, Physaloptera sp., Rhabdias africanus, Rhabdias sp., an unidentified nematode and an unidentified oxyurid nematode). These parasites were recovered from different microhabitats (oesophagus/stomach, small intestine, large intestine/rectum lungs and urinary bladder) in the anuran hosts. Nematode was the dominant parasite with 66.7% infection while the monogeneans and digeneans had 16.7% infection each. Metahaematoloechus micrurus recorded in this study had unusually large testes which have not been observed in other specimens recorded elsewhere and there is need for further investigation.

Keywords: anurans, species, farming, logging, deforestation, digeneans, nematodes, prevalence, intensity, Nigeria
The configuration of happiness and unhappiness as part of the auditory landscape: the work of Albert Camus
Authors: Chatzipetrou Sofia
Published: April 2021

This essay aims to analyze the poetics of the soundscape in Albert Camus’ work, based in the notions of happiness and unhappiness. Our purpose will be to define the characteristics of the symbolism of auditory perception, which are elaborated on the double configuration between happiness and unhappiness. The fact that the symbolic universe of Camus outlines a total sensory experience does no longer need to be demonstrated. Starting from his first lyrical writings to the Notebooks, his writing appeals arouses all the senses. Through a comparative study of examples relating to happiness and unhappiness and while underlining the predominant place of silence in Camus’ aesthetics, we will come off to the conclusion that Camus’s work constitutes a real kind of field recording.
Evaluation of a-amylase and protease on diet nutrient intake and digestibility, and physiological parameters in lambs
Authors: Rodríguez-Carías Abner A. , Quintana Beatriz A. , Solorzano Luis C. , Randel Paul F.
Published: April 2021

The effects of adding exogenous enzymes on the intake and digestibility of dry matter (DM) and on nutrients, and several blood parameters were determined in lambs fed a basal diet of 34% ground corn, 40% tropical grass hay, and 26% soybean meal providing 21% dietary starch. Twelve crossbred lambs (22 kg) were assigned to one of four diets: no additives (1); diets containing α-amylase (2); protease (3); or their combination (4). Diets (DM basis) were offered daily at 4% of animal BW in four 28-day experimental periods each consisting of 21 d of adaptation to the diet followed by 7 d of complete fecal collection. In each period, feed offered, orts and feces were collected, quantified and analyzed for contents of DM, starch, crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) to determine intake and digestibility. At the end of each experimental period, blood samples were collected from the individual lambs to determine the concentration of glucose, beta-hidroxy butyrate (BHB), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and insulin. Data were analyzed according to a 4 x 4 Latin Square experimental design. Dietary treatment contrasts were performed using least square means adjustment for multiple comparisons (Tukey-Kramer) as follows: enzymes versus no enzymes, amylase versus no amylase and protease versus no protease. Dry matter intake was similar across treatments (1,106; 1,088; 1,105 and 1,088 g/d for control, and diets containing α-amylase, experimental protease or their combination, respectively). Adding protease to the diet decreased (P<0.05) starch consumption (248 vs. 255 g/d) and increased, but not significantly, NDF digestibility (48.6 vs. 46.8%) as compared to that of lambs fed without the experimental enzyme. Adding enzymes to the diet tended (P<0.10) to decrease blood BHB concentration below the control level (4.26 vs. 4.68 mg/dL). Blood NEFA concentration tended to increase (P<0.10) in lambs fed α-amylase compared to those fed without α-amylase (0.17 vs. 0.14 mEq/L). The insulin level tended (P<0.10) to increase in lambs fed protease versus lambs not receiving the enzyme (80.3 vs. 71.8 pmol/L). Glucose levels were similar for all treatments. Both exogenous enzymes influenced blood metabolites; however, a greater effect was observed in lambs fed the protease.
100 years of The Journal of Agriculture of the University of Puerto Rico 1917-2017
Authors: Albanese Lorelei , Lugo Wanda I.
Published: April 2021

Part I - The first 50 years
Emergency Procedure Applied to Tackle the Lack of Sphericity after Cutting the Bone Bed for Cementless Hip Arthroplasty - The Acetabular Screw-Cup System Developed by Aesculap
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Lodz, Veteran’s Memorial Hospital , Lodz, Poland, Jan Poszepczyński , Ewa Pawłowicz ,   Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Medical University of Lodz, Poland, Krzysztof Andrzejewski ,   Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Lodz, Veteran’s Memorial Hospital , Lodz, Poland, Radosław Grabowski ,   Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Lodz, Veteran’s Memorial Hospital , Lodz, Poland, Jedrzej Lesman ,   Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Lodz, Veteran’s Memorial Hospital , Lodz, Poland, Tomasz Janczyk ,   Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Lodz, Veteran’s Memorial Hospital , Lodz, Poland, Marcin Domżalski ,   Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Medical University of Lodz, Veteran’s Memorial Hospital , Lodz, Poland
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND The study aimed to analyze the complications following cementless arthroplasty surgery where original sphericity was not obtained and screw-cap system was required. METHOD The study inclusion criteria were met by 39 patients aged 47 - 90 and the mean follow-up period was 54 months. Patients were operated in a lateral position, through the posterolateral or minimal posterior approach.To assess postoperative functionality, Harris Hip Score and Hoos questionnaire were applied. RESULTS According to the Harris Hip Score, 64.3% of the scores were very good and good and the mean score was 96 according to the Hoos questionnaire. The incision type, BMI and the type of cutaneous suture had no impact on the functional outcome, incidence of complications and a pain rate in the groin. Scar esthetics received highest scores from the patients operated through the minimal posterior approach and treated with a running intra-cutaneous suture. Yet a lateral position during the surgery made any intraoperative assessment of the limb length considerably more difficult. Consequently, 30% of the operated patients reported different limb lengths, which significantly (p = 0.036) lowered a functional outcome measured according to the HOOS and Harris Hip Score. The functional outcomes demonstrate a considerably negative correlation with age but not with gender although men are more vulnerable to the postoperative complications (p = 0.18). CONCLUSION Despite a relatively large number of complications following the surgery using a screw-cap system, 75% of the patients declared they would not mind another surgery using such system.
Postharvest calcium chloride application maintains shelf life and quality of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.) fruit
Authors: Hussain Shaukat , Hussain Zahoor , Khadija Faheem , Salik Muhammad Raza , Ali Mujahid , Hayat Akbar , Mustafa Ghulam
Published: April 2021

Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.) is an important sub-tropical fruit with very limited postharvest life. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) treatments on the shelf life and quality of loquat fruit. After harvest loquat fruit treated with different concentrations of CaCl2 viz. 2%, 4% and 6% for 2 min were kept at room temperature (30±2oC) for 5 and 10 days. Untreated fruit were kept as control. The results showed that fruit treated with 6% CaCl2 exhibited minimum fruit weight loss (9.1%), external browning (8.83%), and internal browning (9.1%) after 10 days shelf period in contrast with control fruit. Lowest total soluble solids contents (9.11%), highest titratable acidity (0.53%) and juice (28%) contents were found in fruit treated with 6% CalCl2 as compared to other treatments. In conclusion, among the tested treatments, application of highest level of CaCl2 (6%) effectively maintained the quality of loquat fruit a room temperature.
Physiology of tuber dormancy and its mechanism of release in potato
Authors: Haider Muhammad Wasim , Nafees Muhammad , Amin Muhammad , Asad Habat Ullah , Ahmad Ishtiaq
Published: April 2021

The tuber dormancy is an important aspect of tuber’s physiological age and begins with tuber initiation. It is largely dependent on genotype, environmental conditions, and tuber age. The group Phureja among diploid potatoes, has a very short or no tuber dormancy while the tubers of Solanum jamesii, a wild potato species, may remain dormant for more than eight years and have the tendency to sprout in favourable conditions. The dormancy breakage in potato is accompanied by many physiological changes such as changes in the ratios of abscisic acid (ABA)/ cytokinin and ABA/ gibberellic acid (GA3), catalase inhibition and accumulation of soluble sugars. These all changes are interlinked and occur in the same time frame. The dormant buds have 77% of their nuclei in the growth phase (G1), compared to only 13% in the preparation phase for mitosis (G2), resulting in slower development of active buds. This paper reviews various factors involved in natural and forced dormancy breakage of potato tuber in relation to their use as seed potatoes immediately after harvesting and implementation of different exogenous dormancy breaking methods like cold pre-treatment, growth regulators, electric current and irradiation to induce sprouting in potatoes.
Salinity affects the growth and quality of rose (Rosa damascena)
Authors: Islam Haseeb , Bilal Hafiz Muhammad , Nawaz Haq , Raza Ahmed , Shehzad Khurram , Ashraf Tehseen , Rashid Shahla , Umer Muhammad Shakeeb
Published: April 2021

Soil salinity is an important abiotic factor that adversely affects plant growth. In present study, response of rose (Rosa damascena) was evaluated to various NaCl salinity levels developed by irrigating saline water. Plants were irrigated with different salinities, viz. 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM NaCl. After treatments application, plants were sampled, and relative growth rate (RGR) was calculated. Growth rates were significantly reduced as recorded for flower diameter, number of leaves per plant, number of shoots per plant, number of flowers per plant, number of petals per flower, fresh and dry weight of flower and petals. Results depicted that plant growth and yield significantly reduced with increase in salt concentration particularly when >150 mM NaCl was applied. Therefore, it is suggested that Rosa damascena may be best grown when salinity level of ≤150 mM and should not be grown in areas where salt concentrations are greater than 150 mM.
"The Habits of History": A Research-Based Play Script
Authors: Morrissey Dorothy
Published: April 2021

In this article, derived from her doctoral dissertation, the author (a teacher educator in drama in Ireland) presents her students’ initial responses to her performance of a one-woman play, “Goldilocks’s Testimony.” The play, written by the author, concerns the marginalisation of women in workplaces. In the play, women’s “real” experiences of workplace marginalisation are transposed to Fairyland. In this article, the author represents her postgraduate student teachers’ responses to her performance in play script format. In this play script, “The Habits of History” (Olsen, 2003), the students’ responses are also transposed to Fairyland.
Developing and Implementing a Participatory Action Research Assistantship Program at the Community College
Authors: Ocean Mia , Tigertail Kelli , Keller James , Woods Kathleen
Published: April 2021

Despite serving almost half of the U.S. undergraduate students, community colleges and their constituents are consistently marginalized in the research favoring external university experts to conduct research about them and on them. To counteract these top down, disempowering research practices, we piloted a Participatory Action Research Assistantship Program (PARAP). A PARAP is a modified version of a research assistantship program that is grounded in an anti-oppressive, participatory action research practice, creating change on many levels. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of practical and methodological steps to implement a PARAP at a community college including forming a team, minimizing the power differential, building on strengths, learning new skills, and focusing the research on the perceptions and experiences of constituents. We include our own experience as an example of how to implement a successful PARAP, in addition to, exploring the limitations of the developing method. Lastly, we advocate for others to implement their own PARAP, build on our work, and publicize their research to encourage a shift in the culture and research practices with community colleges.
Modifying the Qualitative Delphi Technique to Develop the Female Soldier Support Model
Authors: Roberts Daniel , Kovacich Joann
Published: April 2021

The U.S. Army chaplaincy did not have a gender specific model for providing emotional and spiritual support to women soldiers. Such a model was needed because women often experience the military differently than men. The Comprehensive Female Soldier Support (CFS2) model was developed using a modified Delphi technique and a feminist theoretical framework. This study altered the Delphi design by using two successive panels of experts. The first panel, consisting of 10 wounded female soldiers, developed a list of pastoral needs experienced by the women. The second panel, composed of 11 female chaplains, provided solutions for those needs. The implication is that specific modifications used in this study are useful when the support needs of a population group are unknown, but once identified, the appropriate experts can solve these needs. Human services practitioners, social workers, and spiritual support providers may find the techniques invaluable.
“This Incredible Monster Was Always in the Way”: The Moral Career of a Sexual Sinner in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
Authors: Sumerau Jason , Cragun Ryan , Barbee Harry
Published: April 2021

This article elaborates a symbolic interactionist approach to the scientific study of sexual sin. We draw on archival materials from The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS), and explore recurring themes within the archival materials that signify and outline stages of a sexual sinners’ moral career. Our findings demonstrate how LDS leaders constructed a sinner’s moral career as characterized by (1) seeking out sinful temptation; (2) causing social and spiritual destruction; and (3) seeking and finding redemption. Further, we draw out implications for understanding the ways religious leaders conceptualize sexual sins for their followers, and the usefulness of conceptualizing various religious traditions, adaptations, and conceptualizations of sin as moral careers.
Teacher Interculturality in an English as a Second Language Elementary Pull-Out Program: Teacher as Broker in the School’s Community of Practice
Authors: Durham Carmen
Published: April 2021

This case study investigated how one teacher, Lidia (a pseudonym), used her own cross-cultural experiences to socially and academically assist elementary school students who were crossing cultural boundaries of their own. This study used ethnographic interviews and classroom observations to explore Lidia’s experiences and struggles as she crossed cultural boundaries and built intercultural competence and how those experiences related to her teaching methods. Lidia used stories, multicultural images, and the students’ home languages so that her students could become confident in their multicultural and multilingual identities instead of solely assimilating. Teaching interculturally for Lidia meant empowering students to balance their home cultures while creating meaningful opportunities for them to practice English and school cultural norms. This study adds to literature on intercultural competence and communities of practice by exploring how interculturality may be advantageous in helping teachers work with diverse and international students by allowing them to act as brokers within the school’s community.
Ethical Issues in Conducting Community-Based Participatory Research: A Narrative Review of the Literature
Authors: Kwan Crystal , Walsh Christine
Published: April 2021

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is a methodology increasingly used within the social sciences. CBPR is an umbrella term that encompasses a variety of research methodologies, including participatory research, participatory action research, feminist participatory research, action research, and collaborative inquiry. At its core, they share five key attributes: (i) community as a unit of identity; (ii) an approach for the vulnerable and marginalized; (iii) collaboration and equal partnership throughout the entire research process; (iv) an emergent, flexible, and iterative process; and (v) the research process is geared toward social action. While there is no shortage of literature that highlights the benefits and potential of CBPR, relatively little discussion exists on the ethical issues associated with the methodology. In particular, current gaps within the literature include ethical guidance in (i) balancing community values, needs, and identity with those of the individual; (ii) negotiating power dynamics and relationships; (iii) working with stigmatized populations; (iv) negotiating conflicting ethical requirements and expectations from Institutional Review Boards (IRBs); and (v) facilitating social action emerging from the findings. For CBPR’s commendable goals and potential to be realized, it is necessary to have a more fulsome discussion of the ethical issues encountered while implementing a CBPR study. Further, a lack of awareness and critical reflection on such ethical considerations may perpetuate the very same problems this methodology seeks to address, namely, inequality, oppression, and marginalization. The purpose of this article is to provide a narrative review of the literature that identifies ethical issues that may arise from conducting CBPR studies, and the recommendations by researchers to mitigate such challenges.
Over-Complexifying Social Reality: A Critical Exploration of Systematicity and Rigidification in Ethnographic Practice and Writing
Authors: Au Anson
Published: April 2021

Qualitative methodological development has produced canonical tendencies that over-complexify and fix a fluid and lived social world. Meanwhile, critical theory has produced critiques on methodology but without enough attention to the qualitative tradition. I bridge these gaps by using an Adornoian position to interrogate the concepts of systematicity, rigidification, complexification, and their problems in ethnographic research and qualitative methodology. I conduct an urban ethnography and autoethnography of the metropolitan blasé as a public attitude of indifference to articulate an alternative, quotidian approach to ethnography that better captures social embeddedness, meaning-creation, and how contexts should drive data collection, analysis, and method-selection.
Forest and forestry policy between the EU and its Member States
Authors: Onida Marco
Published: April 2021

Trees and forests in Europe have never been centre stage the way they are now. Until a couple of years ago, forest-related concerns of European citizens focused mainly on international deforestation in tropical forests. The aggravation of the double climate and biodiversity crisis has significantly increased European citizens’ interest in the EU forests as irreplaceable carbon sinks and reservoirs of biodiversity. The pressure of public opinion on EU forest policies therefore is on the rise, also due to the fact that the more Europe takes action vis-à-vis third countries’ forest protection, the more its domestic agenda must be effective and credible; a case in point is the news about systematic illegal harvesting of primeval forests in Eastern European states such as Poland’s well-known Bielowieza, Romania (where the murder of official rangers sparked outrage across Europe), and Slovakia, which resonated powerfully. Citizens’ concerns are not ill-founded: European forests, in fact, are generally not in good ecological condition. Recent scientific reports further paint a worrying picture. According to the 2020 State of Nature Report by the European Environment Agency, less than 15% of assessed woodland and forest habitats are favourable, while up to 84% were assessed as unfavourable-inadequate. The EU Joint Research Centre assessment of ecosystems concludes that “the condition of EU forests is poor, and there are serious concerns regarding upward trends of several pressures and degrading condition indicators”. Even the sustainability of current harvesting levels is subject to debate.
Overall, the current intensive use of forests will need to be better balanced against the objectives of carbon sink preservation and biodiversity protection.
This ’greener‘ approach to forests has sparked a heated debate in the EU institutions as well as among stakeholders and NGOs, all seeking to influence in some way the future forest policy of the EU. This debate includes some legal issues.
Cos’è il teatro transculturale?
Authors: Heeg Günther
Published: April 2021

Starting with the difference between intercultural and transcultural theatre the paper describes the essential elements building a constellation within the idea of transcultural theatre: It is the urgency of a theatre among strangers, the need of a theatre of repetition and the emotional energy of a theatre of gesture. By the example of a contemporary puppet theatre the paper develops the concept and practice of living together among strangers.
Il dramma dell’identità. Teatro, identità, politica, (ri-) appropriazione
Authors: Müller-Schöll Nikolaus
Published: April 2021

Topic of the essay is the so called "Identity Politics", which is currently discussed with regard to theatre and the visual arts at numerous places: Who is allowed to represent whom on stage and in the arts in general? And how to deal with the alterity of the other on stage? Activists accuse white artists to appropriate black suffering and to instrumentalise it in order to sell their works. (Hannah Black vs. Dana Schutz) Theatre directors are critizised for their unreflected use of blackface on stage. (Bühnenwatch vs. Didi Hallervorden, Sebastian Baumgarten) Performance groups which bring people of colour or disabled performers on stage are accused of exploitation or paternalism. (Monster Truck, Jerome Bel) Amongst the topics of the discussion there was one of the most important ones how the traditional white European theatre deals structurally with minorities being underrepresented on stage because of their skin colour, their disability or their sexual orientation. Against the backdrop of these debates I would like to argue in my lecture that theatre’s contribution to the debate on identity and diversity lies in its questioning of the very logic of identity as such. Departing from Jan Lauwers‘ production Blind poet and perhaps some other examples I will try to show that this production shows to what extent any positing of identity is based on the construction of a phantasm. Identity is the result of the drawing of a border which establishes a binary opposition between the foreign other outside of us and our self opposed to it. Theatre questions these borders by confronting us with the foreign other within ourselves, with an originary de-position of the origins our identitys are based on.
Il corpo tra resistenza, forma e relazione
Authors: Gallo Francesca
Published: April 2021

The text considers some examples of Italian performance art in which sport plays an essential role, especially in the last thirty years. Compared to the isolated body of the artist that occurs in the examples of the seventies, in recent decades sport has been used in the art of action in a highly metaphorical manner of certain hegemonic cultural models, mostly male, or as a collective device through the what to divert the principles of competitiveness and confrontation in the direction of collaboration.
Valistuskirjoista muistelmiin: Viipurin kirjallisia sukupolvia
Authors: Paavolainen Pentti
Published: April 2021

Valistuskirjoista muistelmiin: Viipurin kirjallisia sukupolvia
Kaivattu vai kielletty menneisyys? Viipurilaisten suhtautuminen Vanhan Suomen yhdistämiseen
Authors: Räihä Antti
Published: April 2021

Kaivattu vai kielletty menneisyys? Viipurilaisten suhtautuminen Vanhan Suomen yhdistämiseen
Jäkkäniska. Julius Anselm Lyly (1856–1903) viipurilaisena lehtimiehenä ja paikallispoliitikkona
Authors: Matikainen Olli
Published: April 2021

Jäkkäniska. Julius Anselm Lyly (1856–1903) viipurilaisena lehtimiehenä ja paikallispoliitikkona
Sisällissodan 1918 punaiset laulut Viipurissa
Authors: Rantanen Saijaleena
Published: April 2021

Sisällissodan 1918 punaiset laulut Viipurissa
Matrikkeli: Viipurin lukion lehtorit 1641–1710
Authors: Heininen Simo
Published: April 2021

Matrikkeli: Viipurin lukion lehtorit 1641–1710
БОЛАШАҚ ДЕФЕКТОЛОГТАРДЫҢ БИЛИНГВИЗМ ЖАҒДАЙЫНДА ТІЛДІК ҚҰЗЫРЕТТІЛІГІНІҢ ҚҰРАМДАС БӨЛІГІ: ЖЕКЕ ӨЗІН-ӨЗІ ЖЕТІЛДІРУ ҚҰЗЫРЕТІ
Authors: Zhubatyrova Botagoz
Published: April 2021

Бұл мақалада билингвизм жағдайында болашақ дефектологтардың тілдік құзыреттілігінің құрамдас бөліктерін дамыту мәселелері қарастырылады. Зерттелетін тақырып бойынша ғылыми әдебиеттерге аналитикалық шолу жасалды. Мақалада рухани-адамгершілік және интеллектуалдық өзін-өзі дамыту, болашақ маманның кәсіби және мансаптық өсу тәсілдерін игеруге бағытталған жеке өзін-өзі жетілдіру құзыретін дамыту мәселесі қарастырылады. Болашақ дефектолог өзі осы құзыретті дамыту объектісімен ерекшеленеді. Аталған құзіретті дамыту барысында студент қажетті жеке қасиеттерді дамытудағы өз мүдделері үшін қызмет тәсілдерін игереді. Болашақ дефектологтардың құзыретіне оның дамуы мен болашақта кәсіби жетілдіруде өз бетінше жұмыс жасау мүмкіндігі кіреді. Ғылыми әдебиеттерді талдау көрсеткендей, студенттің өзіне, оның әрекет нәтижелеріне сыни көзқарасы үнемі жеке және кәсіби өзін-өзі жетілдіруге ынталандырады. Арнайы білім берудің көптеген ұлы ғалымдары өздерін талантты деп санамады, ал олардың жетістіктері еңбекқорлыққа байланысты және олардың ғылымдағы жетістіктері үлкен жұмысқа жатқызылды. Мақалада кәсіби өзін-өзі тәрбиелеу және жеке өзін-өзі жетілдіру бойынша жеке іс-әрекет өзін-өзі танудан, өзінің жетістіктері мен сәтсіздіктерін түсінуден, өзіне қанағаттанбаудан, іс-әрекетін бағалаудан, психикалық жағдайын талдаудан басталатындығы туралы ойлар білдірілген.
НАРЫН ҚҰМЫНДАҒЫ БАТЫРБЕК ҚОРҒАНДАРЫНДАҒЫ ЗЕРТТЕУЛЕР
Authors: Kasenov Marat
Published: April 2021

Мақалада Нарын құмында орналасқан Батырбек қорғандарында жүргізілген археологиялық қазбаның нәтижелері баяндалады. Нарын құмы – Каспий маңы ойпатының солтүстік-батыс бөлігінде, Еділ мен Жайық өзендері аралығында орналасқан.
Әкімшілік тұрғыдан Атырау облысының Исатай, Құрманғазы, Махамбет аудандарын және Батыс Қазақстан облысының Бөкей Ордасы, Жаңақала және Ақжайық ауданының оңтүстік бөлігін қамтиды. Аумағы 40 мың км². Құмды өңір орта есеппен теңіз деңгейінен 21 м төмен жатыр. Өңір Каспий теңізініңХвалын және Хазар кезеңдерінің шөгінділерінен түзілген. Батпайсағыр, Бозанай, Қосдәулет, Ментеке Теректіқұм, Жаманқұм, Орда, массивтерінен тұрады. Солтүстік - шығысын Қамыс - Самар жайылмасы алып жатыр. Аңызақ жел, шаңды дауыл жиі соғады. Тұрақты ағатын өзен-жылғалары жоқ. Жер астының тұщы су қоры (1,5-2 м тереңдікте) мол.
Құдықтар мен шұрайлы жерлер көп. Қараөзеннің және Сарыөзеннің көктемгі жайылма ағыны кейде Нарын құмының солтүстік жағын суландырады. Топырақ жамылғысы негізінен бозғылт қоңыр, құмдақты-саздақты, сортаңды сұр топырақтан тұрады [1, 10 бет].
2019 жылы қыркүйек айында Атырау облысы, Құрманғазы ауданының солтүстік - батыс жағында орналасқан Батырбек ауылынан СШ-ға қарай 3,36 км жерде орналасқан, темір дәуіріне жататын 2 обаға қазба жұмыстары жүргізілді. Археологиялық қазбадан темір дәуріне тән қабірлер ашылды. Сонымен бірге обаның үстіндегі үймек жабындысынан кейінгі кезеңде жерленген 4 қабір ашылды. Мақалада осы обаларға жүргізілген зерттеу жұмыстары баяндалады.
Обалар Нарын құмының солтүстік-батыс бөлігінде, қатты сазды жыныстан тұратын «тақыр» далалық аудандар кездеседі. Осы аудандарда темір дәуірінің жүздеген обалары оналасқан. Обаларға тұнғыш рет қазба жұмыстары жүргізілді.
Calidad y producción de cinco variedades de fresa (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) bajo diferentes condiciones climáticas en el estado de Chihuahua
Authors: Villalobos Díaz José Eduardo , Basurto Sotelo Moisés , Pérez Leal Ramona , Soto Parra Juan Manuel , Manjarrez Domínguez Carlos Baudel
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo se está realizando a campo abierto con la finalidad de evaluar comparativamente las diferentes variedades establecidas, para conocer la capacidad de producción y calidad de las plantas de fresa en variedades extranjeras (Festival, Albión, Camino Real, Portola y San Andreas). Las cinco variedades se establecieron en tres predios agrícolas localizados en Chihuahua, México a diferente altitud: Namiquipa (1,888 m), Guerrero (2,152 m) y Satevo (1,900 m). Se marcaron diez plantas al azar de cada variedad en cada sitio. Las variables fisiológicas a medir son; número de flores, número de estolones, número de frutos, diámetro de corona y clorofila; las variables de calidad son; peso, firmeza, tamaño, acidez titulable, pH y Grados BRIX, así como análisis de suelo y agua. Para determinar producción y calidad nutrimental del fruto en el ciclo del cultivo. El análisis estadístico se estará analizando posteriormente. En cuanto al análisis de agua los tres sitios se clasificaron como muy buena en Guerrero C1S1; baja salinidad y poco sodio, en Satevo y Namiquipa calidad buena C2S1; salinidad media, poco sodio. Los análisis de suelo indican textura Franco Arcillo Arenoso con diferencia de porcentajes mínimos para los tres sitios, con pH de 6,9-7,2 con salinidad mediana-baja y la fertilidad del suelo varía de acuerdo al manejo de cada productor en cada sitio.
الانماط الاشرافية التربوية الحديثة لدى المشرفين التربويين من وجهة نظر مدرسي اللغة العربية
Authors: حسين محمد اسراء
Published: April 2021

للاشراف التربوي اهداف ينبغي على المشرف التربوي ان يلم بها , ويعمل على تفعيلها في الميدان التربوي من خلال طريق ممارساته لاساليب الاشراف التربوي الحديثة والمتعددة وذلك على وفق المواقف التي تفرضها المواقف التعليمية المختلفة .والاشراف التربوي بشكل عام يهدف الى تحسين عمليتي التعليم والتعلم عن طريق التفاعل الايجابي مع جميع الاطراف المسؤولة عن هاتين العمليتين لذا يهدف البحث الحالي الى :

  الانماط الاشرافية التربوية الحديثة لدى المشرفين التربويين من وجهة نظر مدرسي اللغة العربية تبعا لمتغير الجنس ( ذكور – اناث) . وتحدد البحث  بمدرسي ومدرسات اللغة العربية في الثانويات التابعة للمديريات العامة لتربية الرصافة الاولى والثانية والثالثة في محافظة بغداد للعام الدراسي ( 2018- 2019 ) وتم بناء اداة لمعرفة الانماط الاشرافية الحديثة بعد ان خضعت للخصائص السيكومترية  توصل البحث الى النتائج الاتية:

ان المشرفين التربويين يتمتعون بالنمط الاشرافي المتنوع.

ان المشرفين التربويين لايستخدمون  النمطين الاشرافيين  (النمط الاشرافي عن بعد- والنمط الاشرافي القبعات الست)

ظهر ان المشرفين التربويين يستخدمون النمط الاشرافي المتنوع وهذا ما اكدته عينة البحث تبعا لمتغير الجنس (الذكور- الاناث)

ظهر ان  المشرفين التربويين  يستخدمون النمط الاشرافي عن بعد وهذا ما اكدته نتائج عينة البحث (الاناث ) اما الذكور ظهر ان المشرفين التربويين لايستخدمون النمط الاشرافي عن بعد .

ظهر ان المشرفين التربويين  لايستخدمون النمط الاشرافي للقبعات الست وهذا ما اكدته عينة البحث تبعا لمتغير الجنس( ذكور- اناث).

ثم خرج البحث ببعض التوصيات والمقترحات.