bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Correlation of Fibronectin and Vimentin Expression on Anthracycline-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Stage IIIA and Luminal Subtype IIIB Breast Cancer
Authors: Nugroho Feri , Budianto Bachtiar M. , Suprabawati Desak G.
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Breast cancer has a phenotype of interconnected epithelial cells and then changes to mesenchymal cells through activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Vimentin, as the main component of forming a cell frame, can be used as a marker of the EMT process. Fibronectin is an extracellular glycoprotein that binds to receptor proteins known as EMT markers. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between these proteins on neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) response.

Methods:

This study was carried out from November 2029 to March 2020 and used the consecutive sampling of Stage IIIA and Luminal Subtype IIIB breast cancer patients after chemotherapy using anthracycline. Subject obtained from outpatient at oncological surgery of Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, Indonesia. Fibronectin and vimentin expression was measured from paraffin block by immunohistology staining. Statistical analysis used correlation tests and logistic regression with a significant level of P < 0.05.

Results:

Mean patient age in this study was 54 ± 4.5 years old, and most of the patients were Stage IIIB patients (98.48%). Most patients have negative vimentin and fibronectin expression. In this study, we found a significant relationship between vimentin expression and NAC response with P = 0.000 and a correlation coefficient was 0.440.

Conclusion:

There was a significant correlation between vimentin expression and the response of NAC. There is a significant correlation between fibronectin expression and the response of NAC. Fibronectin expression can be used as a predictive factor for nac in stage iiia breast cancer patients.
Ocular response analyzer and posterior segment optical coherence tomography findings in refractive surgery candidates
Authors: Samir Ghada , Elmassry Ahmed A.K. , Bayoumi Nader , Osman Ehab M.
Published: December 2022

Aim

The aim of the study was to report on the ocular response analyzer and posterior segment optical coherence tomography findings in refractive surgery candidates.

Patients and methods

The study was conducted on 100 eyes of 50 (37 females) patients seeking refractive surgery at a private eye center in Alexandria, Egypt. Following detailed history taking, all study participants were subjected to a thorough ophthalmic examination including assessment of uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity, manifest and cycloplegic refraction, slit-lamp examination, measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) using Goldmann applanation tonometry, and fundus examination using a high plus auxiliary lens. Optical coherence tomography and corneal biomechanical properties were then studied using the Reichert ocular response analyzer.

Results

The mean±SD age of the study patients was 25.27±4.9 years and of contact lens wear (24% of study patients) was 2.5±0.9 years. The mean±SD of the manifest refractive error was −5.6±5.2 D sphere and −1.6±1.2 D cylinder and of the best-corrected visual acuity was 0.9±0.2. The mean±SD of the IOPg, IOPcc, corneal hysteresis and cornea resistance factor were 14.9±3.8, 16.5±3.4, 9.3±1.9, and 9.4±2 mmHg, of the Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (pRNFL) thickness were 68.9±20.5 μ nasal, 113.3±20.7 μ superior, 77.7±16 μ temporal, and 119.3±21.5 μ inferior and of the central macula thickness was 270.8±22.9 μ.

Conclusions

The corneal biomechanical properties and the macular nerve fiber layer thickness are not correlated with the refractive error of the eye, whereas the peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness correlates with the refractive error and the visual acuity. Screening of the corneal biomechanical properties and the nerve fiber layers is recommended for refractive surgery candidates.
To Evaluate the Effect of Increasing Maternal Age on Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnancies at Advanced Maternal Age
Authors: Juneja Sunil Kumar , Tandon Pooja , Kaur Gagandeep
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

Late pregnancies have been a sensitive issue in the society and medical field for many years. The reason for this development could be the increasing use of reproductive techniques, women empowerment and late conceptions. The increased level of education in women, having more responsibilities at work, giving priority to their professional career could be leading to delay in conception and childbearing. Many studies have investigated the effect of advanced maternal age on fetal outcome suggesting higher risk of poor neonatal outcome. Recent studies have debated these outcomes.[1
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4]

Aims and Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of increasing maternal age on maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies at advanced maternal age.

Material and Methods:

The study was conducted on 843 women above the age of 35 years who delivered at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital during 2015-2020. Patients were categorized into 2 groups, Group A comprised of pregnant women aged 35-40 years; group B included pregnant women aged >40 years. Various other parameters including parity, gestation at delivery, whether the pregnancies were spontaneous or conceived through ART (assisted reproductive techniques) and other associated co-morbid conditions were noted. The obstetrical, gynecological, medical, surgical, fetal and neonatal complications were studied in both the groups and the data was analyzed with release 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC).

Results:

Out of 843 patients in our study, 81.4% (n=687) belonged to the age group of 35- 40 years. 18.5% (n=156) belonged to the age group of > 40 years. Patients more than 40 years underwent ART for conception more often as compared to group A. Co-morbid medical conditions including chronic hypertension, thyroid diseases, auto immune disorders and obstetric complications such as abortions, oligohydramnios, GDM, placenta previa, PPH was significantly more common in patients with group B. Cesarean delivery rate was significantly more in group B as compared to group A. Neonatal outcome in terms of NICU admissions and preterm birth at less than 35 weeks gestation was seen more frequently in group B as compared to Group A.

Conclusion:

Our study concludes that the decision to delay childbearing should be discouraged owing to increased maternal and fetal morbidity associated with advanced maternal age, the risks being higher with increasing maternal age.
Role of Efflux Pumps in Reduced Susceptibility to Tigecycline among Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Mahapatra Ashoka , Pati Amresh , Gupta Kavita
Published: December 2022

Background:

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a very well-known emerging pathogen and has become a major burden on healthcare system especially in intensive care units (ICUs). Tigecycline is the last resort drug for treatment of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii infections. However, non-susceptibility to this drug is a rising problem. Resistance to tigecycline is mediated by Resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux pumps.

Objective:

This study was done to detect efflux pump genes (adeABC) and regulator genes (adeS,adeR) responsible for tigecycline resistance among the clinical isolates of A. baumannii.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 150 OXA-51 confirmed clinical isolates were subjected for tigecycline susceptibility test by broth microdilution (BMD) method. All isolates irrespective of their MIC were subjected to conventional PCR for detection of efflux genes (adeABC) and regulator genes (adeRS).

Results:

Prevalence of tigecycline resistance was found to be 14 (9.33%) by the reference broth microdilution method (BMD). Overall prevalence of efflux genes was highest for adeB (69%) and lowest for adeR (29%). Combination of genes especially three, four or five were found more prevalent among resistant isolates with higher minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).

Conclusion:

Combination of efflux genes confer higher MIC and can be a major contributor for resistance to tigecycline.
A Retrospective Observational Study to Compare the Outcome of Various Treatment Modalities of Idiopathic Avascular Necrosis of Hip
Authors: Bakshi Amandeep Singh , Singh Mandeep , Kaur Gurleen , Singh Jaspreet , Kaur Harsimrat
Published: December 2022

Background:

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of hip of the femoral head is increasingly seen in young age, disabling them in their productive years of life. Available treatment options need to be evaluated.

Aim:

The aim was to compare the outcome of various treatments at different stages of AVN hip.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective observational study was done in patients with idiopathic AVN hip, who had undergone different treatment modalities. The data of the included patients at different time intervals were compared. All patients were graded with the help of Harris Hip Score (HHS), and their outcome was evaluated.

Results:

The age distribution of patients showed that nearly 80% of them were below the age of 50 years. The patients were presenting more often in Ficat and Arlet stage 4 compared to earlier stages. The patients in stage 1 were treated by core decompression alone, which produced good-to-excellent results in 4 of 7 (57.1%) patients. Patients in stage 2 and 3 were treated by core decompression with fibular bone grafting and had good-to-excellent results in 6 of 8 (75%) patients. In stage 4 of disease, cemented total hip replacement (THR) was done, and it produced good-to-excellent results in 13 of 15 (86.6%) patients.

Conclusion:

In the early stage of disease, core decompression with and without bone grafting produced satisfactory results. In an advanced stage of AVN, THR is an excellent treatment option.
An Unusual Presentation of Ludwig’s Angina with Empyema Thoracis and External Carotid Artery Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Meena Satya Prakash , Rodha Mahaveer Singh , Garg Pawan Kumar , Patel Surendra
Published: December 2022

Ludwig’s angina is a rapidly spreading soft-tissue infection and commonly occurs following odontogenic infection. A 30-year-old male presented to the emergency department, 7 days after the extraction of molar teeth with a sudden onset of mandibular swelling. He was diagnosed with Ludwig’s angina with empyema thoracis and external carotid artery (ECA) pseudoaneurysm. He was successfully managed with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery-guided drainage and endovascular embolization of ECA pseudoaneurysm. We share our experience of challenges faced during the management of unusual presentation of complicated Ludwig’s angina.
Prolonged asymptomatic venom induced consumption coagulopathy: Caused by hemotoxic snake bite
Authors: Rijal Prabhat , Singh Ajay Pal , Panwar Parshika , Pathania Monika , Kant Ravi
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Envenoming and deaths resulting from snake bite are a particularly important public health problem in the tropical world, with the highest burden in rural areas of South East Asia and Africa. Snake bite is one of the most severe “Neglected Tropical Diseases” in the world and more importantly in this part of India. We present a case of hemotoxic snake bite where the coagulation parameters remained deranged for a longer time without any active bleeding manifestations, despite treatment with Anti-Snake Venom (ASV) as per the National Treatment Guidelines. Indian Snake Bite Management Protocol emphasizes on the Role of Whole Blood Clotting Time (WBCT) as a bedside, accessible and feasible test for assessment of coagulopathy even in rural settings. Certain scenarios where the patients present late to our hospital with Snake Bite and Venom Induced Consumption Coagulopathy (VICC), the decision regarding ASV prescription in such patients is quite tricky, and needs to be individualized.
Air flow limitation in smokers – A cause of concern
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Chawla Gopal , Kansal Amrit Pal , Deokar Kunal , Niwas Ram , Abrol Nupur , Asfahan Shahir , Garg Sakshi , Keena Monika
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

In India smoking is a common habit prevalent in both urban and rural areas irrespective of mode of smoking i.e., cigarettes, bidis, pipes, cigar, hookah etc., Spirometry can be helpful to determine effects of smoking on pulmonary functions. We aimed to study the effect of smoking on the pulmonary function tests.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted on 300 subjects including 150 smokers and 150 non-smokers aged between 25 and 60 years attending a tertiary health care center in northern part of our country. Quantification of tobacco smoking was performed by calculating smoking index. All the study subjects underwent spirometry.

Results:

All the spirometric variables (FVC, FEV1, PEFR, FEF 25-75%) were lower in smokers as compared to non-smokers and this difference was statistically significant. 76% of the smokers had obstructive, 10.7% had normal, 6.7% had restrictive, and 6.7% had mixed pattern on spirometry. 65.3% of the non-smokers had normal, 28.7% had obstructive and 6% had restrictive pattern on spirometry.

Conclusion:

Almost all the pulmonary function parameters were significantly reduced in smokers compared to non-smokers and obstructive impairment was common amongst smokers. As early quitting is associated with improved survival, it is important that these asymptomatic smokers are identified early and helped to quit. Primary care physicians being the first point of contact, can play a major role.
Prevalence of using folk medicine and/or natural products in the treatment of hypertension problems compared with medicinal drugs in KSA
Authors: Aldahhasi Ghadeer Abdullah , Alzaidi Raghad Sami , Althobaity Wejdan Fawaz , Alahmad Sarah Mohammad , Abo El-Enin Hadel A.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Hypertension (HT), the silent killer, is highly prevalent in KSA due to several reasons. Some patients used to take non-pharmacological treatment for HT management.

Aim:

This study focuses on the prevalence of using folk medicine and/or herbal drugs in HT treatment in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

Online questionnaires will be used as a study tool among the population in different regions of Saudi Arabia, keeping in mind all ethical aspects. A sample size of 240 will be taken. Univariate and multivariable regression data analyses were used to identify factors affecting the study. To make comparisons of the proportion, chi-squared tests will be used.

Results:

By using online questionnaires conducted on 229 participants as a study tool among the population in different regions of Saudi Arabia, we found that only 30% of the participants tried treating their high blood pressure elevation using alternative or complementary medicine, and 42.2% and 32.5% using herbal therapy and Hyjama, respectively. They consider that using Allium sativum and Hibiscus sabdariffa has a great effect which is 44.1% and 32.9%, respectively, and only 10.5% from them consider that THM is not useful. The selected alternative or complementary medicine beneficial knowledge was from the Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet. Additionally, social media helps in sharing the user/practitioner beliefs, attitudes, and experiences about THM.

Conclusion:

From the previous study, we concluded that age and gender have a significant effect on health beliefs and behaviors which are associated with the use of herbal or alternative medicine in HT treatment.
Health care utilization and out-of-pocket expenditure of type 2 diabetic patients: A study in primary care in Bhubaneswar, India
Authors: Pati Sandipana , Swain Subhashisa , van den Akker Marjan , Schellevis François G. , Pati Sanghamitra , Burgers Jako S.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Globally, noncommunicable diseases (NCD) demand a higher healthcare expenditure. Among NCDs, diabetes mellitus is often associated with multiple, co-existing chronic conditions. In low- and middle-income countries where most of the healthcare expenditure is borne out of pocket, diabetes management may pose a significant financial stress.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 17 urban primary healthcare facilities of Bhubaneswar to assess the healthcare utilization and out-of-pocket expenditure among type 2 diabetes patients attending these facilities. Healthcare utilization was determined by the number of visits to healthcare facilities in the last 6 months, and out-of-pocket expenditure was assessed by outpatient consultation fees, medicines, travels to health care facilities, and diagnostic tests. Total out-of-pocket expenditure was defined as the sum of these costs.

Results:

The median number of visits in 6 months for diabetes patients with any comorbidity was 4 and 5 for diabetes patients with more than 4 comorbidities. Among the comorbid conditions, depression, stroke, auditory impairment, and acid peptic disease were associated with higher healthcare utilization. The total out-of-pocket expense was 2.3 times higher among diabetes patients with any comorbid condition compared to patients with diabetes only. The total median expenditure was higher for diabetes patients having stroke, heart diseases, kidney diseases, and cancer compared with other comorbid conditions. The association of comorbidity in diabetes patients with health care utilization and out-of-pocket expenditure is statistically significant after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and diabetes duration.

Conclusion:

Considerable expenditure is incurred by diabetes patients attending primary healthcare facilities for the management of diabetes and other chronic conditions. This is a significant burden for diabetes patients below the poverty line and with limited or no insurance cover. There is a need to increase the coverage of insurance schemes to address the chronic conditions management expenditure of outpatients.
Changing trends in Covid-19 publication in India by bibliometrics analysis
Authors: Kulkarni Chaitanya Ajay , Wadhokar Om Chandrakant , Naqvi Waqar Mohsin
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The purpose of this research is to compare over the developing trend in Covid-19 research publications between 2020 and 2021 in India, overall in respect of age groups, health conditions, funding support, institutions, and research design.

Background:

Covid-19 is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), first cited in Wuhan, China in December 2019. And has affected the entire world rapidly and still ongoing. The symptoms are fever, cough, weakness, and breathlessness; the infected individual develops pneumonia that sometimes leads to respiratory failure. The older population with co-morbidities is at higher risk.

Methodology:

This is a cross-sectional study done by Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed Indexed journals, with the Covid-19, SARS-CoV, Pandemic, Coronavirus, India, and Outburst as keywords. Yearly publication data were extracted through ‘Bibliometrix R studio’ and relative percentage was computed and linear or exponential regressions examined the yearly growth in the proportion to research publications on Covid-19.
Palestinian analysis of COVID-19 vaccine compliance and reported death by vaccination type
Authors: Maraqa Beesan , Alkarajeh Mohammad , Almahareeq Marwa , Al-Shakhra Kamal , Al-Kalia Mai
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

This study aims to compare mortality and adherence to the second dose between different types of vaccines administered in Palestine.

Methods and Participants:

A retrospective cohort study of individuals vaccinated against COVID-19 from February 14, 2021 through January 2022. Data were retrieved from the Palestinian Ministry of Health database and included identity number, date of birth, vaccination date, vaccine type, and mortality.

Results:

The study included 16,726 individuals who were vaccinated and later diagnosed with COVID-19. The mean age was 42.1 years, and females comprised 48.5% (8,112) of the population. Only 62.7% of individuals adhered to receiving the second dose of a vaccine, and the average duration of effectiveness of all vaccines was 126 days after completing the double dose. Seventy-five COVID-related deaths were recorded among vaccinated individuals who were significantly older ages.

Conclusion:

Our study design demonstrated the disparity in vaccine uptake and adherence due to delay in vaccination and dependence on COVAX and other countries for the donated vaccines. It highlights the importance of a global approach and higher-income countries assisting lower-income countries in securing vaccine.
Self-reported stress among senior dental students during complete denture procedures
Authors: Elagra Marwa El. , Rayyan Mohammad R. , Bin Razin Khaled I , Alanazi Abdulhadi A , Aldossary Mohammed F , Alqahtani Alanoud M , Alhomoud Shatha A , Almutair Abdulmohsen M
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Aims:

Stress is a common problem that can have a considerable impact on student performance and subsequently the quality of treatment given to the patients. This study aimed to investigate the levels and reasons of stress among senior dental students when they perform different complete denture clinical procedures.

Settings and Design:

A questionnaire was designed and distributed electronically among senior dental students of 19 universities in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

The students were asked to score the levels of stress during five complete denture clinical steps on a scale from zero to ten and report factors contributing to it.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were carried out by One-way ANOVA and independent t-test to compare stress scores between different procedures.

Results:

A total of 419 responses were collected, 195 (46.5%) males and 224 (53.5%) females. One-Way ANOVA revealed statistically significant difference in the mean stress scores between the five procedures (P < 0.001). The highest mean stress score was for border molding and final impression procedure (4.06 ± 2.664) and jaw relation (4.20 ± 2.690). Moreover, the Stress scores were significantly higher among females when compared to males in all procedures (P < 0.05) except the placement of final denture (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Border molding, final impression, and jaw relation records cause more stress for dental students than the other complete denture procedures. Difficulty of these two procedures was the most common reported stress provoking factors.
Maternal mortality and predictors of adverse outcome in patients with heart disease in pregnancy
Authors: Sharma Nalini , Khan Dina A. , Das Rituparna , Jethani Roma , Panda Subrat
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Heart disease in pregnancy possesses a great haemodynamic challenge and is a known risk for increased maternal morbidity and mortality. The functional status of the patient is one of the most significant parameters which can impact the feto-maternal outcome. Many predictors have been studied and compiled in various scoring systems time and again. The most updated and validated is the modified WHO classification, according to which the presence of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) and severe ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction <30%) mandates the patient to be under class IV, which along with another important risk factor, i.e., New York heart association (NYHA) class, is revaluated under the present study. The objective of this study is to examine three of the most important predictors of adverse outcomes, i.e., functional status (NYHA class), PAH, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with heart disease in pregnancy.

Methods:

It’s a prospective study from January 2016 to August 2017 wherein pregnant patients with heart disease were divided on the basis of NYHA class, PAH, and LVEF, and the feto-maternal outcome was recorded and evaluated in terms of maternal mortality, fetal demise, the occurrence of major cardiac complication, and risk of preterm delivery.

Results:

A total of three out of 29 (10.34%) maternal deaths were attributed to a cardiac cause. 5.45% of patients with heart disease had maternal mortality, which is in contrast to the 1.12% maternal mortality rate in general at our centre. Three out of 17 (17.64%) patients in NYHA classes 3 and 4 ended in maternal deaths, while there were no mortalities in classes 1 and 2. Intrauterine fetal demise (23.52%), risk of preterm delivery (relative risk = 0.4688; 95% CI: 0.2320 to 0.9470) was significantly higher in patients belonging to NYHA classes 3 and 4 as compared to those in classes 1 and 2. All of the ten (100%) patients who developed cardiac complications belonged to classes 3 and 4. The percentage of abortions (20.00%), intra uterine fetal demise (IUFD) (40.00%), and cardiac complication (80%) in patients with LVEF <44% were significantly more than in patients with better ejection fraction. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) ≥ is associated with higher maternal mortality, a greater number of abortions and IUFD (22.62%), cardiac complication (22.72%), and increased risk of preterm birth (0.5769; 95% CI: 0.2801 to 1.188), but these associations are not found to be significant.

Conclusion:

NYHA class was found to be a very strong predictor followed by left ventricular ejection fraction for poor outcome. Maternal mortality in asymptomatic patients or patients with mild symptoms (NYHA classes 1 and 2) is comparable to that found in the general population. However, pulmonary artery systolic pressure is not found to be significantly associated with worse outcomes in our study.
The perspectives of community members on COVID-19-related social stigma and mitigation strategies: A qualitative study in Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Diwan Vishal , Sharma Moina , Sahoo Krushna Chandra , Negi Sapna , Kalyanasundaram Madhanraj , Tiwari Rajnarayan Ramshankar
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Aim:

Stigma is a well-documented impediment to health-seeking behaviors and treatment adherence. An explicit societal understanding is essential to halt the stigmatization. Studies documented COVID-19-associated stigma among healthcare personnel. However, there is little evidence regarding community perceptions and experiences of the stigma associated with COVID-2019. We described how various communities perceive and experience the stigma associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method:

We conducted a phenomenological study in three districts of Madhya Pradesh, with both urban and rural areas. We conducted 36 in-depth phone interviews. All the interviews were recorded, transcribed, and translated into English and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results:

Two major themes were derived: 1) experiences of coronavirus disease 2019 recovered individuals and community members on discrimination and stigma, and 2) efforts to reduce coronavirus disease 2019-associated discrimination and stigma. Social support is critical in mitigating the adverse effects of stigma and thereby aiding in preventing disease spread. They express gratitude to the local government for moral support. Although activities involving information, education, and communication may be beneficial in reducing the stigma associated with COVID 2019, the mass media have a critical role.

Conclusions:

The multidisciplinary teams comprising medical, social, and behavioral scientists and communication and media experts should be formed to reduce the risk of ambiguous messages and misinformation related to COVID-19 at primary care at the community level. Furthermore, it is vital for anti-stigma orientation among community members via mass media.
Sexual performances after mild and moderate head injury in Indian adult males: An institutional experience
Authors: Satapathy Ayusman , Venkati Gajbhare S. , Satapathy Ashirbad , Tanvi Choubey , Singh Rahul
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide than any other injuries. Disorders in sexual functions constitute one of the most prevalent and least discussed problems following head injury, which need to be studied in detail.

Objective:

To find out the intensity of sexual dysfunction following head injury in Indian adult males.

Methods and materials:

Prospective cohort study was conducted among 75 adult Indian males with mild and moderate head injury with Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) 4 or 5. Arizona sexual experience (ASEX) scale was used to evaluate sexual changes in these male patients following TBI.

Results:

Most of the patients experienced satisfactory sexual changes (P < 0.0001) in terms of sex drive, sexual arousal, erection, ease of orgasm and orgasm satisfaction. Most of the patients (77.3%) showed a total individual score of ≤18 on ASEX scale. A score of <5 on any one item on ASEX scale was seen in majority (80%) of the patients. In our study, sexual changes experienced following TBI were significantly (P < 0.0001) of mild severity as compared with moderate and severe sexual disability. Type of head injury was not associated with significant (P > 0.05) sexual changes experienced following TBI.

Conclusions:

In this study, some patients experienced mild sexual disability. Addressing those sexual issues, sexual education and rehabilitation programmes following head injury should be an integral part of follow-up care in such patients.
Lateral medullary syndrome: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Thapliyal Khyati , Garg Ashutosh , Singh Vivek P.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Lateral medullary syndrome (LMS) or Wallenberg’s syndrome is an uncommon and often underdiagnosed cause of posterior circulation stroke. Thrombosis, embolization, or dissection of vertebral or posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) often results into LMS. The most pathognomonic symptoms of LMS includes pain and temperature deficits on ipsilateral facial side and contralateral side of rest of the body, ipsilateral ataxia, vertigo, nystagmus, dysphagia, hoarseness, hiccups and Horner’s syndrome.

We report a case of LMS in a 49-year-old Indian female with no known classical risk factors for stroke who presented with chief complaints of debilitating headache. Clinical examination was suggestive of LMS and radiological investigation confirmed the diagnosis. Patient’s hospital stay was uneventful and she was discharged to home with gradual improvement in her symptoms.
Hyperthermia and neurological catastrophe: An interesting case report
Authors: Thapliyal Khyati , Garg Ashutosh , Singh Vivek P.
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Fever is a common symptom encountered in clinical practice. Hyperthermia, though infrequently encountered, can be genetical (malignant hyperthermia) or acquired when the body temperature rises beyond a certain set point that is controlled by the hypothalamus. We report a case of an elderly male who reported to us with hyperthermia, accelerated hypertension, and brain haemorrhage (as a sequelae of uncontrolled hypertension). A thorough clinical history pointed towards neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). A remarkable response was observed with dantrolene and bromocriptine along with the discontinuation of the offending drug. With conservative management, the patient had complete recovery. This case highlights the importance of even sub-therapeutic drug dosage, particularly neuropsychiatric drugs, in the development of neurological catastrophe.
Relevance of health education to e-learning-associated problems among the school-going adolescents in Bareilly city: An interventional study
Authors: Sinha Akanksha , Khatri Vedant , Nath Bhola
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

E-learning has assumed a significant part during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Imposition of health education has productive outcomes on e-learners.

Objectives:

To evaluate the outcome of health education in preventing and controlling the e-learning-associated health problems among the school-going adolescents in Bareilly city by imparting health education and comparing the pre- and post-intervention findings.

Materials and Methods:

An interventional study was led in Bareilly city, Uttar Pradesh, India, among the school-going adolescents aged 10–19 years. All participants were explained about the objectives of the study, and an informed written consent was obtained from the parents or guardians of the study subjects. Data were collected, and their clearing, coding, and recoding were performed appropriately in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. After this, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 23.0) for windows. The pre- and post-effects of health education on the health problems of students involved in e-learning were assessed by comparing the data and applying the paired sample Wilcoxon rank test.

Results:

The pre- and post-effects of health education upon the health problems of students involved in e-learning were evaluated. The various health parameters selected for the comparison were as follows: concentration, mood, behaviour, fitness, headache, body-ache, vision problems, academic performances, body mass index (BMI), sleep cycle, and anxiety. The pre- and post-comparison of all health parameters showed a statistically significant difference.

Conclusions:

The outcome of the study stated a statistically significant difference in values of pre- and post-health parameters (concentration, mood, behaviour, fitness, headache, body-ache, vision problems, academic performances, BMI, sleep cycle, and anxiety) associated with e-learning. Hence, this research is highly relevant to the practice of primary care physicians.
Perceptions of diet diaries’ usage in pediatric dental practice
Authors: Hambire Chaitali , Hambire Umesh , Wani Vaibhav Ravindra
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:

Diet diaries are a significant tool for dietary assessment and advice. There is paucity of studies assessing the usage of diet diaries by pediatric dentists during their patient management. Hence, this study was designed and conducted to explore the perceptions of the pediatric dentists regarding the possible difficulties and their solutions for the usage of diet diaries in their dental office.

Materials and Methods:

A questionnaire was designed to understand the awareness of pediatric dentists regarding the utility of diet diaries while preparing the diet modifications for their patients. The factors related with adherence of pediatric patients to the diet diaries were understood by using qualitative research method.

Results:

The information regarding the diet was collected verbally by 78% of pediatric dentists. Monetary constraint (43%), time (35%), poor compliance (12%), and lack of skills (10%) were the other reasons. The results of the qualitative study showed that adhering to diet diaries was a multi-contextual phenomenon.

Conclusions:

Utilization of diet diaries by pediatric dentists and adherence to the diet modifications by the patients are very poor. A supportive health-care system, motivation of parents as well as children, along with an efficient tool seem to be needed for achieving success in utilization of diet diaries.
Assessment of the efficacy of hearing screening program in infants in Zahedan
Authors: Gharibi Reza , Khavidaki Gholam-Ali Dashti
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Hearing loss is one of the major congenital problems. The frequency of this problem in different countries has been found to be 3.5–9%, which may induce negative effects on communications, education, and language learning in children. In addition, diagnosing this problem in infants is not possible without implementing the hearing screening methods. Therefore, the objective of this research was to assess the efficacy of newborn hearing screening programs in Zahedan, Iran.

Method:

In the present cross-sectional observational study, all infants born in the maternity hospitals of Zahedan city (hospitals of Nabi Akram, Imam Ali, and Social Security hospitals) in 2020, were assessed. For conducting the research, TEOAE was primarily performed for all newborns. Following that, according to the findings obtained in the ODA test and in case of inappropriate response, evaluation was performed again for the cases. Cases that were rejected again in the second assessment were subjected to the AABR test and in case of failure in this test, the cases underwent a diagnostic ABR test.

Results:

According to our findings, 7700 babies were initially assessed with the OAE test. Among them, 580 (8%) showed no OAE response. Out of 580 newborns that were rejected in the first phase, 76 babies were also rejected in the second phase and amongst them, 8 cases were re-diagnosed with hearing loss. Finally, out of 3 infants who were diagnosed with hearing impairments, 1 (33%) had conductive hearing loss and 2 (67%) had sensorineural hearing loss.

Conclusion:

According to the results of this research, the use of comprehensive neonatal hearing screening programs is necessary for on-time diagnosis and therapy of hearing loss. In addition, screening programs could help improving the health of newborns and their personal, social, and educational development in the future.
Management of chronic respiratory diseases during viral pandemics: A concise review of guidance and recommendations
Authors: Sharma Prakhar , Mishra Mayank , Dua Ruchi , Saini Lokesh Kumar , Sindhwani Girish
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an acute respiratory disease that can lead to respiratory failure and death. Although anticipated that patients with chronic respiratory diseases would be at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and more severe presentations of COVID-19, it is striking that these diseases appear to be underrepresented in the comorbidities reported for patients with COVID-19. The first wave of COVID-19 has taught us important lessons concerning the enormous burden on the hospitals, shortage of beds, cross infections and transmissions, which we coped together. However, with the subsequent waves of COVID-19 or any other viral pandemic, to ensure that patients with respiratory illnesses receive adequate management for their diseases while minimizing their hospital visits for their own safety. Hence, we prepared an evidence-based summary to manage outpatients and inpatients suspected or diagnosed with COPD, asthma and ILD based on the experience of the first wave of COVID-19 and recommendations by expert societies and organizations.
Post maxillectomy rehabilitation and amelioration of quality of life of post-COVID rhinocerebral mucormycosis patients using obturator: A case series
Authors: Rathee Manu , Divakar Santhanam , Jain Prachi , Alam Maqbul , Singh Sandeep
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Mucormycosis, a rare fungal infection seen in diabetes, is now very frequent owing to the deadly triad of COVID-19 infection, diabetes, and rampant use of corticosteroids. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the mortality and morbidity of this lethal fungal infection. Treatment principles may include antifungal agents along with surgical debridement or resection. The surgically removed palate can have a devastating effect on the appearance and speech of the patient. Obturators allow patients to eat and drink without any suspicion of food entering the oroantral cavities/pharynx during mastication. This case series presented the prosthodontic rehabilitation of nine post-COVID rhinocerebral mucormycosis-infected patients with complete or partial defects.
Panchendriyartha Vipratipatti Chapter of Sushruta Sutra Sthana – An Explorative Study
Authors: Mamidi Prasad , Gupta Kshama
Published: December 2022

Maharshi Sushruta has composed a treatise known as Sushruta Samhita around the 6th century BC. Sushruta Samhita lacks Indriya Sthana (a specialized section that deals with prognostic aspects), and prognostic knowledge is documented in the chapters from 28th to 33rd of Sutra Sthana (a specialized section that deals with Ayurvedic basic principles). Panchendriyartha Vipratipatti Adhyaya (PVA) is the 30th chapter of Sushruta Sutra Sthana (SSS) and it consists of 23 verses. Literature is still scarce on Arishtha Lakshanas of SSS and further studies are need of the hour. The aim of the present study is to explore the prognostic potential of the contents of PVA of SSS with the help of contemporary prognostic literature. Pathological conditions of sensory organs and/or sensory pathways with global or specific impairment of sensory functions are described in PVA chapter. Conditions such as auditory and visual hallucinations, auditory and visual perceptual distortions, aphasia, paradoxical heat and cold sensations, somatosensory disorders, disease-specific volatile organic compounds, quantitative and qualitative olfactory and gustatory impairments, Morgellons disease, cortical sensory syndrome, and mirror image agnosia associated with fatal outcome are mentioned in the PVA of SSS. Various new hypotheses generated by the present explorative study may open the doors for further research in to the development of novel Ayurvedic prognostic models or questionnaires.
Effets grammaticaux de l’oxytonisation en français
Authors: Vitez Primož
Published: December 2022

L’accentuation joue un rôle dominant dans la structuration prosodique du français. Le développement du gallo-romain vers ce que l’on qualifie aujourd’hui de langue française a été conditionné par un trait prosodique particulier, inconnu dans les autres langues romanes. L’oxytonisation est un processus évolutif qu’a subi le système linguistique français à partir du VIe siècle. Elle consiste à réduire la ou les syllabes post-accentuelles en fixant l’accent sur la dernière syllabe de l’unité accentuelle. La conséquence principale de ce processus est la formation de l’unité accentuelle, identifiable comme le syntagme. L’oxytonisation a engendré quelques spécificités essentielles du système linguistique français. Certaines formes substantivales et verbales ne pouvaient plus développer leur flexion sur les syllabes post-accentuelles. La détermination du nombre nominal et de la personne du verbe s’est déplacée à l’avant de la forme lexicale. En français oral, le nombre du nom est déterminé par la qualité de la voyelle, formant le noyau syllabique de l’article et d’autres déterminants, et non par la forme lexicale elle-même. Une situation analogue s’observe dans la flexion du paradigme verbal à l’indicatif présent du singulier : l’oxytonisme annule la possibilité du marquage personnel sur les terminaisons et provoque un isomorphisme dans la prononciation des trois formes verbales de base. Le marquage de la personne est revenu aux indices personnels ou pronominaux je/tu/il en fonction de constituant sujet qui en fait n’ont pas de propriétés pronominales et fonctionnent comme des morphèmes proclitiques.
Prispevek naravne skladnje k določanju slogovnih razločkov
Authors: Cvetko Orešnik Varja , Orešnik Janez
Published: December 2022

V okviru naravne skladnje (osnove katere so povzete v Dodatku) se prispevek osredinja na pare skladenjskih dvojnic, med katerimi je slogovni razloček (npr. ena dvojnica je knjižne narave, druga dvojnica je pogovorne narave). Morda je presenetljivo, da je razloček med knjižnim in pogovornim v okviru naravne skladnje mogoče napovedati, čeprav knjižno in pogovorno nista skladenjski značilnosti. Vsaka napoved je pravilna ob predpostavki naravne skladnje (ki se izraža v lestvici), da je pogovorno bolj naravno kot knjižno, in pod pogojem, da se določijo ustrezne vrednosti naslednjih spremenljivk: (a) skladenjski dvojnici, (b) njuna relativna naravnost, izražena v lestvici, in (c) okolje izpeljave (in posledično vzporedno ali navzkrižno povezovanje vrednosti na lestvicah).

Jezikovno gradivo je angleško in izhaja večinoma iz dela Huddleston/Pullum (2002). Ta opisna slovnica (skoraj 1800 strani) vsebuje okoli 150 uporabnih podatkov o slogovnih razločkih. Toda zaradi prostorskih omejitev so v članku obravnavani samo relevantni podatki s strani 1–282. Zajetih je 14 primerov slogovnih razločkov.
Spanish in Colombia and New York City. Language Contact Meets Dialectal Convergence
Authors: Markič Jasmina
Published: December 2022

Rafael Orozco, profesor de lingüística española en la Universidad Estatal de Louisiana, EE.UU., es autor de este interesante volumen dedicado al estudio de las variables sociolingüísticas del español hablado en Colombia y en las comunidades colombianas en el extranjero. El estudio se centra en la variante costeña hablada en la ciudad de Barranquilla y la variante colombiana hablada en la ciudad de Nueva York. Este análisis comparativo hace parte de una investigación sociolingüística más amplia sobre el español de Colombia en los EE.UU. y se publica con motivo de los 100 años de la fundación del primer enclave colombiano en la ciudad de Nueva York.
Stanje razumljivosti in razumevanja na Slovenskem
Authors: Smolej Mojca
Published: December 2022

Na stanje razumevanja in razumljivosti na Slovenskem in obenem tudi ustreznosti zahtev izključevanja ali omejevanja katerekoli ravni norme ali oblike, varietete med drugim kažejo tudi rezultati pismenosti, ali posplošeno, sporazumevalne zmožnosti osnovnošolskih otrok. Rezultati Nacionalnega preverjanja znanja kažejo, da se iz leta v leto stopnjujejo težave pri samostojnem tvorjenju jezikovno pravilnih zaokroženih besedil katerekoli vrste, prav tako pri povzemanju teme, sklepanju o posledicah; posebej izstopajoče je, da precej učencev po 9-letnem šolanju ne dosega niti minimalnih standardov pri rabi lastnega jezika. Kot navajajo poročila (Statistični podatki NPZ), imajo učenci, kadar morajo v izhodiščnih besedilih poiskati ustrezne podatke in jih uporabiti v besedilu, ki ga sami tvorijo, precej težav, čeprav gre tudi pri teh nalogah za naloge, ki po učnem načrtu preverjajo minimalne standarde. Še več težav imajo učenci pri uporabi, ki zahteva tudi analizo in sintezo. To se še posebej izrazito kaže pri samostojnem tvorjenju zaokroženih besedil (in sicer ob besedilu katerekoli zvrsti oz. vrste), in to kljub temu da gre za vodeno pisanje z razmeroma natančnimi navodili glede vsebine, in kljub dejstvu, da imajo učenci s podobnimi besedili (kot je npr. interpretacija grafa) opraviti tudi pri drugih predmetih.  Posebno pozornost velja nameniti tudi jezikovni pravilnosti oz. ustreznosti tvorjenih besedil. Čeprav gre za minimalne standarde, učenci z najnižjimi dosežki pri tej točkovani enoti dosegajo komaj kako točko.
Il linguaggio giuridico sloveno e il linguaggio giuridico italiano
Authors: Paolucci Sandro
Published: December 2022

Nel presente contributo si illustrano gli esiti di una ricerca avente per oggetto il linguaggio giuridico sloveno e il linguaggio giuridico italiano. In primis, si è proceduto allo studio di numerose fonti, da cui sono emerse le origini, l’evoluzione avvenuta nel corso dei secoli e l’influenza di altre lingue sui due linguaggi giuridici in esame. In riferimento a quest’ultimo punto, si pensi all’influsso del francese in seguito all’entrata in vigore del Code Napoleon nel 1804, del tedesco per effetto della dottrina pandettistica verso la fine dell’Ottocento e dell’inglese dall’inizio del Novecento in poi.

Successivamente si è passati allo studio delle principali specialità lessicali e terminologiche dei linguaggi giuridici in generale e del linguaggio giuridico sloveno e italiano in particolare, rilevando talune analogie e differenze particolarmente significative. Per esemplificare, in ambito lessicale si pensi alla marcata presenza della polisemia (per esempio il termine italiano azione può corrispondere in sloveno a tožba, storitev o delnica).

Segue una breve indagine a livello terminologico volta a individuare origine, evoluzione e influenza di altre lingue e di altri sistemi giuridici sulla scelta di determinati termini giuridici, che potremmo definire equivalenti funzionali, presenti rispettivamente nella Costituzione italiana e in quella slovena. Ne emergono elementi alquanto significativi che richiedono naturalmente ulteriori estensioni e approfondimenti.