bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospecção tecnológica em bases de patentes com foco em corantes e pigmentos alimentícios obtidos de fontes naturais
Authors: Santos Mayane Santana Vieira , Santos Débora Eloá Lima , Moreira Jane de Jesus da Silveira , Florêncio Marcio Nannini da Silva , Oliveira Junior Antonio Martins de
Published: March 2021

A indústria alimentícia tem sido desafiada a buscar alternativas naturais e saudáveis para seus produtos, sem prejudicar sua segurança e principais características. Neste contexto, os corantes naturais surgem como uma alternativa à substituição dos corantes sintéticos no segmento alimentar. Como consequência dos diversos estudos e inovações, a proteção patentária se mostra como uma ferramenta de proteção para o inventor. Este trabalho teve como objetivo explorar as tecnologias patenteadas a respeito de corantes e pigmentos alimentícios obtidos a partir de fontes naturais e renováveis, a fim de identificar os avanços tecnológicos e tendências mercadológicas no cenário nacional e internacional. Foi realizado um mapeamento tecnológico a partir de documentos de patentes, utilizando o software de busca e análise, ORBIT da empresa Questel e a base de dados brasileira do INPI. Foi possível constatar o crescimento dos depósitos, destacando-se os incentivos à pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação. A China foi o principal país que depositou patentes. Observou-se que tanto no nacional quanto internacionalmente, as principais partes interessadas em proteger suas tecnologias eram empresas privadas, sendo a Chr. Hansen a empresa com o maior número de patentes em seu portfólio. O campo da tecnologia relaciona-se principalmente as áreas da indústria de alimentos, química de materiais e indústria farmacêutica.
Representações Sociais de usuários sobre Doenças Negligenciadas
Authors: Santos Charles Souza , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Farias Anadir de Almeida , Silva Maicla Oliveira da , Barreto Rebecca Calheira , Ribeiro Marcela Rossi , Lobo Márcio Pereira , Pinheiro Gleide Magali Lemos , Souza Flávia Silva , Rebouças Lyra Cândida Calhau
Published: March 2021

Objetivo: Analisar a estrutura das representações sociais de usuários dos serviços de saúde sobre doenças negligenciadas. Metodologia: estudo qualitativo sustentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, em sua abordagem estrutural, composto por amostra intencional e não-probabilística de 126 usuários dos serviços de saúde. Dados coletados por questionário de evocações livres ao termo indutor doenças negligenciadas e analisados pela técnica do quadrante de quatro casas, auxílio do software Ensemble de Programmes Permettant l’analyse dês Evocations 2005 e pela análise de similitude. Resultados: Evidenciaram uma estrutura representacional de usuários dos serviços de saúde sobre doenças negligenciadas constituída por três dimensões: individual, social e imagética, que foram gerenciadas por um núcleo central formado pelos cognemas descaso e ignorância. As dimensões e o núcleo central desta estrutura representacional apresentaram conhecimentos socialmente elaborados pelos participantes e os seus significados sobre a prevenção, o controle e o tratamento destas enfermidades. Conclusão: A estrutura representacional implicou na construção de práticas colaborativas dos usuários dos serviços de saúde para elaboração de estratégias de enfrentamento às doenças negligenciadas.
Incisional hernia swine: Case report
Authors: Sampaio Júnior Mirlam de Oliveira , Costa Ana Karoline Rodrigues da , Melo Danilo Rocha de , Santos Marcos Wilker da Conceição , Veloso Jéssica Fontes , Parazzi Larissa José , Rodrigues Alexandra  Soares , Moraes Vinicius de Jesus , Gomes Junior Deusdete Conceição
Published: March 2021

The occurrence of incisional hernias in pigs is poorly described, so the objective of the study is to report a case of incisional hernia in pig treated with polypropylene mesh. A 1 year old male, mixed breed pig weighing 22 kg was treated at the HVU-UFOB. During the anamnesis, the owner reported that the animal had swelling in the abdominal region, having a suggestive diagnosis of umbilical hernia, confirmed by ultrasound. In view of the findings, it was decided to perform herniorrhaphy with direct suture. Ten days after surgery, adequate healing of the surgical wound was verified with the absence of a hernial ring. Fifty-one after surgery, the animal returned with an increase in abdominal volume at the surgery site. On physical examination, the presence of a 12 cm ring and reducible intestinal loops in the hernial sac were identified. After a new ultrasound examination, the diagnosis of incisional hernia was defined. A new herniorrhaphy with polypropylene mesh was chosen. After 10 days, the wound healing was verified. Incisional hernias in pigs are generally related to the animal's age, sex, breed and species, as well as flaws in the surgical technique. Biological or synthetic materials are used for the correction, in order to reinforce safety in the incision line. One year after herniorrhaphy, there was no recurrence, which shows a satisfactory result with the use of the polypropylene mesh.
Compostos bioativos: Uma contribuição para o ensino de Funções Orgânicas no curso de Licenciatura em Química
Authors: Silva Maria Daniela Nunes , Pinheiro Elayne Bessa Ferreira
Published: March 2021

No ensino da química, percebe-se que os alunos, muitas vezes, não conseguem aprender, não são capazes de associar o conteúdo estudado com seu cotidiano, tornando-se desinteressados pelo tema. Com isso, surge a necessidade de contextualizar o conteúdo abordado em sala de aula com o cotidiano do discente facilitando, assim, na aprendizagem. O tema funções orgânicas é um assunto de fundamental importância na Química, no qual os alunos ainda encontram dificuldades, devido a memorização de conceitos e classificações. Pensando nisso, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo, apresentar uma análise dos resultados obtidos a partir da abordagem contextualizada do estudo de funções orgânicas presentes em compostos bioativos existentes em compostos naturais. Foi aplicado aula expositiva/interativa, discussões e questionários, com a finalidade de analisar os conhecimentos dos alunos acerca do tema e facilitar o processo de aprendizagem. A identificação das funções orgânicas abordada de uma maneira contextualizada propiciou aos alunos uma visão sobre como a química dos produtos naturais está presente no nosso cotidiano e, com isso, facilitou a aprendizagem do conteúdo sobre funções orgânicas, mostrando a influência da contextualização no ensino de química na melhoria da aprendizagem.
Perfil educacional da população não alfabetizada no Rio Grande do Norte no ano de 2010
Authors: Macêdo Júnior Adriano Menino de , Oliveira Swianny Rodrigues de , Silva Clécio Danilo Dias da , Santos Eliana Aquino dos , Silva Jhuliete Duarte da , Santos Mariana César dos
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo enfatiza a problemática do analfabetismo no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte – RN, evidenciando variáveis da população em seu contexto social. Inúmeros são os fatores que contribuem para a evasão escolar, a falta de novas metodologias de ensino, bem como uma atenção especifica para cada tipo social de aluno tem aumentado às taxas de analfabetismo nos últimos anos. O objetivo deste trabalho é expor muitos dos fatores que ocasionam a evasão do aluno da escola, em suas muitas variáveis aqui expostas, o analfabetismo é um problema mundial, e deve ser combatido com a elaboração de muitos projetos de educação e tentar estender a educação por todo território nacional, o presente trabalho também colabora para que autoridades públicas tenha consciência do tão grave é a temática aqui envolvida, o analfabetismo no Brasil. Está pesquisa foi desenvolvida na forma descritiva e retrospectiva do ano de 2010, com dados fornecidos e extraídos da base de dados DATASUS. As variáveis avaliadas na discussão foram: taxa de pessoas não alfabetizadas, coletada no ano de 2010, munícipios com taxas de pessoas não alfabetizadas registradas, faixa etária das pessoas não alfabetizadas que residem nos munícipios registrados e a zona de residência dessas pessoas não alfabetizadas. Os fatores econômicos, políticos e sociais são decisivos na vida da população, pois eles vão decidir quem terá oferta e acesso a educação, essa dinâmica que sempre apresenta desigualdade na distribuição de recursos financeiros tem colocado a educação dos brasileiros em xeque.
Estresse e estratégias de coping em trabalhadores da saúde de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial
Authors: Dias Lucas Barbosa Santos , Oliveira Elias Barbosa de , Santo Tiago Braga do Espirito , Valério Raphael Lopes , Silva Silvia Regina Carvalho de Souza da , Barbosa Anália da Silva
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo verificar as estratégias de coping utilizadas pelos trabalhadores da saúde frente a demanda de acolhimento de usuários em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo com uma amostra de 14 profissionais de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial, situado no município do Rio de Janeiro (RJ) em 2019, que responderam questões sociodemográficas e ocupacionais e a Escala de Coping Ocupacional. No tratamento dos dados trabalhou-se com a análise estatística descritiva. Nos resultados é possível observar que a amostra foi composta majoritariamente pelo sexo feminino, solteiros e faixa etária entre 25 e 34, vínculo empregatício terceirizado e apenas uma fonte de renda. Dentre os fatores e respectivas estratégias de coping utilizadas frequentemente e sempre, identificou-se majoritariamente o controle mediante ações voltadas para a resolução de problemas e suporte social, seguidos do fator manejo de sintomas., principalmente fora do ambiente ocupacional, mediante pratica de exercícios físicos, lazer e mudança de hábitos alimentares. Sobre as estratégias de esquiva, pouco expressivas na amostra, identificou-se que os trabalhadores recorrem a regulação da emoção no intuito de minimizar o estresse ocupacional. Conclui-se que a prevalência das estratégias centradas no controle e no manejo dos sintomas evidenciam estresse ocupacional e riscos para a saúde dos trabalhadores.
Hambúrguer caprino enriquecido com diferentes concentrações de albumina: Aspectos físicos e físico-químicos
Authors: Lima Rafael Ferreira , Silva Everton Vieira da , Paiva Yaroslávia Ferreira , Freitas Pedro Victor Crescêncio de , Santana Andressa Gonçalves de , França Kevison Romulo da Silva , Amadeu Lumara Tatiely Santos , Ferreira João Paulo de Lima , Santos Francislaine Suelia dos , Formiga Walnara Arnaud Moura , Araújo Alfredina dos Santos
Published: March 2021

O Nordeste Brasileiro vem apresentando destaque quando se trata da caprinocultura, sendo principal atividade econômica de muitas famílias. Todavia, esse ramo ainda necessita de aprimoramento quando se trata de tecnologias empregadas nos produtos ofertados, associando isso à necessidade da população por alimentos nutricionalmente mais elaborados e de fácil acesso é que a presente pesquisa se justifica. O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral obter e caracterizar de hambúrgueres de carne caprina incrementados com diferentes concentrações de albumina. O estudo foi de caráter experimental e exploratório realizado no Centro Vocacional Tecnológico – CVT – Campus Pombal – PB. A carne caprina foi adquirida na cidade de Piancó – PB valorizando assim a produção local, após a retirada das partes não comestíveis foram elaboradas seis formulações variando entre a padrão e com 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% e 10% de suplementação de albumina em relação a carne caprina. Após a elaboração das amostras as mesmas foram caracterizadas por meio de análises físicas e físico-químicas. Os resultados apresentados apontam que todas as formulações estavam dentro do que preconizam as resoluções para hambúrgueres, com destaque para o aumento do nível proteico do produto final. Pode-se observar a partir do presente estudo que é possível a melhoria de hambúrgueres caprinos a partir da suplementação de albumina sem que essa afete negativamente o produto final, melhorando os aspectos nutricionais do mesmo.
GRAMMATICAL ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE FIRST GRADE OF OLYMPIAD STUDENT’S DESCRIPTIVE TEXT AT SMP ISLAM 02 PUJON
Authors: Kurniafita Atika
Published: March 2021

This research aims are: 1. To identify, classify and describe the type of grammatical error on the first grade of Olympiad student’s descriptive text at SMP ISLAM 02 Pujon based on Surface Strategy Taxonomy Theory by Dulay, 2. To find the causes of error made by the students in writing descriptive text using H.Douglas Brown’s Theory of possible source of error. The research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. The researcher used the instruction as the instrument to guide the student to write descriptive text, and the student’s descriptive text is considered as the data source. Based on research findings, the researcher found all error types and all source types with omission as the most type of error found, while intralingual is the most factor causing the student’s error on writing descriptive text.Keywords:
UTILIZING WHATSAPP GROUP AS A SUPPORTING MEDIUM IN ENGLISH COURSE E-LEARNING: STUDENTS’ PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Prihatmi Tutut Nani
Published: March 2021

This study investigates the students' perception of using WhatsApp Group as a supporting medium in English Course e-learning. The overall learning course was using a web-based LMS named SPADA ITN Malang and partially using Google Meet. This study's research design is survey research with the help of online questionnaires on Google Form. The respondents were fifty students of the Informatics Engineering department at the National Institute of Technology Malang. The research findings showed that the students had high positive perceptions toward the English course WA group regarding ease-of-use, usefulness, and communication. This study suggests that the WA group's utilization in every course is essential to help students gain more understanding of the materials delivered on SPADA and bridge the lecturer-students communication gap during the e-learning process.
“GIVING LIFE TO A WORK OF ART” – DRAMATIC WORKS AND THEATRE DIRECTORS FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF COPYRIGHT LAW
Authors: Sápi Edit
Published: March 2021

The paper focuses on the special copyright law features and issues of dramatic works in the Hungarian, German, and English copyright laws. The paper put emphasis on the role and situation of the theatre director. The director has a vital role in the staging process. However, this essential role, his copyright law situation is not fully recognized and settled by the legislator. After a brief general introduction about copyright protection of dramatic works, the role of the director is presented due to the specialities of dramatic works, so in line with the aleatoric nature of dramatic works, the theatrical specialities of adaptation and the theatrespecified application of integrity right. In the paper I outline some solutions for this incomplete situation of theatre director according to the Hungarian, English, and German legal theory and practice.
Влияние содержания золы-уноса на прочность бетонов на основе сульфатостойкого портландцемента
Authors: ХУНГ Нго Суан , ЛАМ Танг Ван , БУЛГАКОВ Борис Игоревич , АЛЕКСАНДРОВА Ольга Владимировна , ЛАРСЕН Оксана Александровна
Published: March 2021

Один из перспективных способов утилизации зол-уноса - это введение их в состав минеральных вяжущих веществ или в бетонные и растворные смеси в качестве активных минеральных добавок, обладающих пуццоланическими свойствами. Для получения бетонной смеси было использовано вяжущее, состоящее из сульфатостойкого портландцемента с тонкодисперсными минеральными добавками в виде низкокальциевой золы-уноса одной из теплоэлектростанций и микрокремнезема. Кроме того, вводили суперпластификатор, в качестве заполнителей применяли речной кварцевый песок и гранитный щебень. Все материалы были местного для Вьетнама происхождения. Форму и размер частиц порошкообразных сырьевых материалов и песка определяли методом лазерной гранулометрии, состав бетонной смеси рассчитывали по методике стандарта США. Подвижность и среднюю плотность бетонной смеси, среднюю плотность бетона, прочность бетонов при сжатии и на растяжение при изгибе, их водонепроницаемость оценивали по российским нормам. Исследование микроструктуры бетонов разработанных составов проводили с помощью сканирующего электронного микроскопа. Установлено, что прочность при сжатии полученных бетонов повышается с увеличением содержания золы-уноса, однако при дальнейшем росте ее концентрации наблюдается снижение прочности. При этом максимальная дозировка золы-уноса в составе вяжущего позволяет получить бетон с минимальной средней прочностью при сжатии. Использование многотоннажных техногенных отходов в виде микрокремнезема и золы-уноса для получения гидротехнического бетона на местном для Вьетнама сырье позволит снизить стоимость такого бетона, а также будет способствовать защите окружающей среды от загрязнения техногенными отходами.
Оценка точности нормативной методики расчета сжато-изибаемых деревянных элементов
Authors: АРЛЕНИНОВ Дмитрий Константинович
Published: March 2021

Основные положения нормативной методики расчета сжато-изгибаемых деревянных элементов разработаны почти сто лет назад. Уже в то время было предложено производить расчет сжато-изгибаемых деревянных элементов по деформированной схеме. В конце прошлого века в нормативный документ были внесены некоторые уточнения, в частности, учитывать ползучесть древесины при расчетах по деформированной схеме путем использования длительного модуля упругости древесины постоянной величины. Однако в последней редакции свода правил представлены новые дифференцированные значения расчетных сопротивлений и модулей упругости для различных видов, сортов и классов прочности элементов из древесины. В этой связи возникла необходимость корректировки методики. Одновременно выяснилось, что необходимо ввести ограничения по величине нормальной силы. С учетом этих недостатков методика была отредактирована и проведены расчеты конкретных задач. Эти же задачи были решены более точным методом последовательного приближения (методом итераций), ограничив процесс затухания деформаций прогибом в 1 мм. При сравнении результатов расчетов выявлено, что откорректированная нормативная методика дает точные результаты только при небольшой гибкости и нормальной силе, а также при высоком модуле упругости. С изменением этих параметров наблюдается расхождение результатов определения величин деформационных моментов и прогибов стержней. В статье даны предложения по внесению изменений в отдельные пункты раздела последней редакции норм по расчету элементов деревянных конструкций по предельным состояниям первой и второй группы.
Использование отходов цветной металлургии и ортофосфорной кислоты в производстве жаростойкого бетона
Authors: АБДРАХИМОВ Владимир Закирович , АБДРАХИМОВА Елена Сергеевна
Published: March 2021

В связи с сокращением природного сырья для производства строительных материалов необходимо вовлекать, например, для производства жаростойкого бетона отходы производства. Это дает возможность исключить затраты на геологоразведочные работы, строительство и эксплуатацию карьеров, высвободить значительные земельные участки, минимизировать воздействие негативных антропогенных факторов. В данной работе для производства жаростойкого бетона использовались отходы цветной металлургии: ватержакетный шлак, который применяли в качестве железосодержащего наполнителя, и шлак от выплавки безуглеродистого феррохрома в качестве алюмосодержащего наполнителя. Проведенные исследования показали, что в феррит-кальциевом шлаке оксид двухвалентного железа (фаялит) быстро реагирует с ортофосфорной кислотой и разогревает смесь до необходимой температуры для появления вяжущих свойств. Таким образом, благодаря использованию ортофосфорной кислоты в качестве связующего удается утилизировать более половины отходов цветной металлургии и при этом получить жаростойкие бетоны с высокими физико-механическими показателями.
Коррозионная стойкость армирующих волокон в материалах на основе портландцемента
Authors: ПУСТОВГАР Андрей Петрович , АБРАМОВА Анастасия Юрьевна , ЕРЁМИНА Надежда Евгеньевна
Published: March 2021

Армирующие волокна для бетона следует выбирать исходя из функционального назначения конструкции и условий эксплуатации. Агрессивные среды, воздействующие на материал, способны негативно влиять на функциональную прочность и долговечность конструкции. В статье представлены результаты экспериментального исследования коррозионной стойкости стальных, базальтовых, стеклянных и полеолефиновых фиброволокон к щелочной среде цементно-песчаного раствора в условиях воздействия 100 циклов переменной температуры и повышенной влажности. Сравнительная оценка состояния волокон до и после испытаний производилась по анализу микрофотографий, полученных методом сканирующей электронной растровой микроскопии. Рассмотрены теоретические вопросы эффективного применения различных типов фиброволокон для дисперсного армирования бетонов. Практическая значимость научной работы по выявлению коррозионной стойкости армирующих волокон в цементно-песчаной матрице заключается в использовании результатов исследования для прогнозирования возможных последствий (рисков) при проведении различных видов работ.
STUDY OF USER’S RESPONSE ON THE PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE IN PEKANBARU CITY
Authors: Rahmawati Yulia , Firza Yohannes
Published: March 2021

A pedestrian bridge in urban areas exists not only to overcome crossing between people and vehicle but also gives a sense of security and comfort for its users. With a variety of user characteristics, the bridge has also used for other informal purposes. This phenomenon becomes interesting to study how the users respond to the various uses of the bridge. By using accidental sampling method for one hundred respondents, the field data has analysed in a simple linear regression model with data processing software. The result shows the safety, security, comfort, continuity and attractiveness are the primary considerations of users in utilizing the pedestrian bridge. Even though the physical condition has found less-expected, the user's response has generally categorized as sufficient.
THE INFLUENCE OF SHOPPING MALLS ON YOUTH LIFESTYLE
Authors: Firzal Yohannes , Syahrani Kartika
Published: March 2021

Shopping malls can influence adolescents' lifestyle. Adolescents' ability to adjust lifestyle has assumed dynamism in the social order system and a symbol of identity. In this context, the relationship between adolescent lifestyles and shopping malls is interesting to investigate how the dimensions of youth lifestyle influence and shopping mall attractiveness indicators identify adolescent visitors' characteristics. By using the incidental sampling technique, this quantitative research data involved 97 adolescents as respondents through interview and questionnaire methods, secondary data support, and multiple regression methods consisting of 5 independent variables, namely convenience, comfort, diversity, entertainment, luxury and essence of the mall and one lifestyle dependent variable. Two data analysis techniques; cross-table analysis of respondent characters and statistical analysis using SPSS software to support study in the Linkert Scale, followed by validity testing, reliability testing, classical assumption test, multiple regression test, t-test (partial), F test (simultaneous) and coefficient determination. The analysis found that the comfort variable is the most significant variable that impacts adolescent lifestyle. Therefore, there needs to be intensive supervision of mall activities with a high level of convenience to anticipate deviant actions that are feared to harm teenage lifestyles
Metode Modelling dalam Pendidikan Karakter pada Anak (Analisis Surat Al Ahzab Ayat 21)
Authors: Aini Nurwulandari Devi
Published: March 2021

The aim of this research is to analyze surah Al-Azhab verse 21 which contains of exemplary method. The exemplary method related to character building of children. The background of research is the lack of models or figures in exemplary, by the result children having exemplary crisis.This research is library research, by using tafsir approach. The primer source of the research is tafsir Asy-Sya’rawi with the interpretation of Muhammad Mutawalli ash-Sha'rawi and also Tafseer Al- Mishbah by Muhammad Quraish Shihab.The research result showed that exemplary method is effectively enough to shape children characters. Parents and teachers should be giving proper example due to children have imitating nature. Parents and teacher need to have traits such as Prophet Muhammad as contained in surah Al-Azhab verse 21
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Tahsin Terhadap Hafalan Al-Qurâ€™an Santri di Pondok Pesantren.Daar El-Huda Curug Tangerang
Authors: Fadliyatun Nisa Sarah
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of learning tahsin on the memorization of the Al-Qur'an of students at the Daar El-Huda Islamic boarding school. The method used in this research is quantitative. In testing the hypothesis, it is done using the correlation technique product moment and the t test. The population in this study were 317 students at Daar El-Huda Islamic boarding school, and the sample taken was 32 students at Daar El-Huda Islamic boarding school. The results of data analysis using the technique product moment obtained a value of rxy 0.502> 0.361 and indicated that there was an influence at a moderate level. Then calculate the percentage of the results of rxy 0.502 and get a value of 25%. Furthermore, the t test was carried out and obtained the results tcount (3.18)> ttable (2.042) which means significant. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a moderate and significant influence between the learning of tahsin on the memorization of the Al-Qur'an of the students at Daar El-Huda Islamic boarding school.
Analisis Kreativitas Kegiatan Menggambar pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Husnu Umaria
Published: March 2021

In this study the researchers analyzed this title because of the low support from educators and parents in developing children's creativity, drawing is not the main priority in developing creativity, and the lack of children's ability to develop creativity drawing activities in early childhood. In analyzing the creativity of drawing in early childhood, it is hoped that educators and parents can find out more in understanding the importance of developing the creativity of drawing activities in early childhood. This research is a library research (library research) that uses primary data sources and secondary data, with data collection techniques: library, and accessing internet sites (Websites). The validity of the data uses method triangulation. Data analysis uses data reduction analysis techniques, data displays and drawing conclusions.The results showed that drawing activities in early childhood can develop children's creativity. The process of drawing activities of children is able to create or combine ideas and ideas in divergent and thinking by providing motivation, supporting facilities for creativity, and freedom for children to explore their thinking abilities.
Anxiety Levels of Healthcare Professionals’ Relatives During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Kolcu Giray , Ozceylan Gokmen
Published: March 2021

Aim: Health workers are the most important risk groups in the last century outbreaks. This situation creates anxiety in the relatives of healthcare workers as well as in healthcare workers. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the anxiety levels of the relatives of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Methods: The study was designed as a longitudinal study in quantitative research design. In the study, data were collected regularly every day for 20 days between 20.03.2020-08.04.2020, when the coronavirus pandemic continued, and these data were associated with the data of the Ministry of Health.

Results: One thousand one hundres and eighty participants' opinions were collected for the study. In the study process, it was observed that the anxiety level at 20.03.2020 was 8.25±5.36 and it increased to 17.21±17.07 on 08.04.2020. The relationship between the anxiety level of the participants and the total number of cases the total number of deaths were weak. There was a moderate correlation between the number of deaths per day and the number of patients recovering per day. In the study, it was shown that there is a moderate correlation between the anxiety levels and the level of knowledge of the opinion makers. In this upward trend, it has been observed that there are 3 breaking points: 23-24.03.2020, 28-29.03.2020 and 05-06.04.2020.

Conclusion: In our study described the first cases of anxiety in the vicinity of 20 health workers in Turkey after the first day (twenty) were found to correlate with increased number of deaths in days. It was observed that anxiety level correlated weakly with the total number of cases / deaths, but moderately with the number of daily deaths / recovered patients in the relatives of the health studies. This situation was interpreted as that although the anxiety of healthcare workers was affected by the process, it was more affected by daily changes. Relatives as well as healthcare professionals also experienced a manageable anxiety during the COVID-19 outbreak. We believe that information and rehabilitation programs should be developed for the relatives of healthcare professionals in order to maintain the resilience / resiliency of healthcare professionals.

Keywords: anxiety, coronavirus, pandemics, Family Medicine
A Family with Hereditary Multiple Exostoses
Authors: Ismailoglu Tahir
Published: March 2021

Hereditary multiple exostoses is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by multiple exostoses (osteochondromas), mostly diagnosed in childhood. It may manifest with a wide spectrum from asymptomatic to skeletal deformities or neurovascular complications. Pain and/or swelling are often the first symptoms for patients to consult a doctor. Although no medical treatment is currently available, lesions can be removed with surgical excision in case of aesthetic anxiety or complications such as deformities or rarely, malign transformation. In this article, three individuals from the same family with hereditary multiple exostoses are described who were evaluated within the core competencies of family medicine.

Keywords: exostoses, multiple hereditary, osteochondroma, scoliosis
A Case of Eccrine Chromhidrosis Due to Multivitamin Use
Authors: Alpman Nazife , Ak Filiz
Published: March 2021

Chromhidrosis is a rare condition with a characteristic presentation of the secretion of colored sweat by apocrine or eccrine sweat glands. Eccrine chromhidrosis may occur by some water-soluble dyes in the systemic circulation, as a result of drug metabolism such as quinine, bisacodyl, clofazimine etc. or due to contamination of micro-organisms and rarely hyperbilirubinemia. The first and most important step for diagnosis of eccrine chromhidrosis is clinical evaluation. In the treatment of chromhidrosis, the suspected dye or drug should be eliminated from the body. This case report describes a patient who was diagnosed with eccrine chromhidrosis as a result of drug metabolism. The patient presented to the outpatient family medicine clinic of Ibn-i Sina Hospital with a complaint of blue sweating.

Keywords: eccrine glands, vitamins, sweating, family practice
A Possible COVID-19 Reinfection Case in a Healthcare Professional
Authors: Yavuz Erdinc , Basbulut Ese
Published: March 2021

In these days when the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic is felt with all its severity, the findings of re-infection in people who have had COVID-19 disease have led to some questions about the natural immunity against this disease. Here, we report a possible COVID-19 reinfection. The second episode confirmed by RT-PCR with a more severe clinical picture one month after an incidentally detected first episode with mild symptoms of a doctor working as a microbiologist at a training research hospital. While a 47-year-old female doctor was working in a tertiary hospital serving as a reference hospital for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients, symptoms of sore throat, cough and runny nose appeared on October 25. The patient, with a history of chronic tendinitis, COPD, asthma and allergic rhinitis, attributed these symptoms to her previous clinical diagnosis and did not consider consulting a doctor or testing for COVID-19 due to the mild course of symptoms. SARS-CoV-2 Ig G antibodies were found to be positive in a screening study conducted on November 11 in the patient whose complaints resolved within a few days. RT-PCR performed thereafter was reported as negative. The RT-PCR test performed on December 2 of the patient who complained of fever and severe weakness, immediately after her colleague had COVID-19, was interpreted as positive. No signs of viral pneumonia were found in the thoracic CT when the cough complaint of the patient who received COVID-19 treatment did not improve. The patient's complaints regressed with the addition of phenocodine to her treatment, and the RT-PCR test on December 12 was reported as negative. Further analysis of the frequency and possible causes of COVID-19 reinfections will be needed in the near future.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, reinfection, coronavirus
Myths and Misconceptions on Covid-19: ‘Congo Check’ and ‘Talato’ Verification Experiences
Authors: Santos Fabíola Ortiz dos
Published: March 2021

Despite the challenges of connectivity and the digital divide that persists in Central Africa, an increasing number of citizens is engaging and interacting in social networks for fulfilling their informational needs. In these contexts, connected independent journalists act as gatekeepers linking the virtual and the physical offline spaces of the orality and mythical traditions of their societies. Myths are a way of making sense of reality and in times of crisis, lack of information truthfulness can open the gateways for uncertainties and disorientation. A more culture-centered approach to social media may provide an opportunity to halt misconceptions in these contexts serving as a corrective mechanism against false information. This paper asks: How do fact-checkers combat/halt Covid-19 myths and misconceptions in the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Central African Republic? How do they engage in social media networks toward sense-giving and sharing corrective information? It discusses two cases of online media projects, ‘Congo Check’ and ‘Talato’, led by independent journalists that combine fact-checking skills when communicating the pandemic and attempt to engage civil society to better consume information. The data collection comprises of interviews with the journalists, as well as the Twitter handling of these projects. This study sheds light to how independent voluntary initiatives can foster the correction of Covid-19 myths and misconceptions in their localities.
Therapeutic SERPINs: Improving on Nature
Authors: Maas Coen , de Maat Steven
Published: March 2021

Serine proteases drive important physiological processes such as coagulation, fibrinolysis, inflammation and angiogenesis. These proteases are controlled by serine protease inhibitors (SERPINs) that neutralize their activity. Currently, over 1,500 SERPINs are known in nature, but only 37 SERPINs are found in humans. Thirty of these are functional protease inhibitors. The inhibitory potential of SERPINs is in perfect balance with the proteolytic activities of its targets to enable physiological protease activity. Hence, SERPIN deficiency (either qualitative or quantitative) can lead to disease. Several SERPIN resupplementation strategies have been developed to treat SERPIN deficiencies, including concentrates derived from plasma and recombinant SERPINs. SERPINs usually inhibit multiple proteases, but only in their active state. Over the past decades, considerable insights have been acquired in the identification of SERPIN biological functions, their inhibitory mechanisms and specificity determinants. This paves the way for the development of therapeutic SERPINs. Through rational design, the inhibitory properties (selectivity and inhibitory potential) of SERPINs can be reformed and optimized. This review explores the current state of SERPIN engineering with a focus on reactive center loop modifications and backbone stabilization. We will discuss the lessons learned from these recombinant SERPINs and explore novel techniques and strategies that will be essential for the creation and application of the future generation of therapeutic SERPINs.
Weighted Correlation Gene Network Analysis Reveals New Potential Mechanisms and Biomarkers in Non-obstructive Azoospermia
Authors: Dong Meng , Li Hao , Zhang Xue , Tan Jichun
Published: March 2021

Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) denotes a severe form of male infertility, whose etiology is still poorly understood. This is mainly due to limited knowledge on the molecular mechanisms that lead to spermatogenesis failure. In this study, we acquired microarray data from GEO DataSets and identified differentially expressed genes using the limma package in R. We identified 1,261 differentially expressed genes between non-obstructive and obstructive azoospermia. Analysis of their possible biological functions and related signaling pathways using the cluster profiler package revealed an enrichment of genes involved in germ cell development, cilium organization, and oocyte meiosis. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that macrophages were the most significant immune component of NOA, cooperating with mast cells and natural killer cells. The weighted gene coexpression network analysis algorithm generated three related functional modules, which correlated closely with clinical parameters derived from histopathological subtypes of NOA. The resulting data enabled the construction of a protein–protein interaction network of these three modules, with CDK1, CDC20, CCNB1, CCNB2, and MAD2L1 identified as hub genes. This study provides the basis for further investigation of the molecular mechanism underlying NOA, as well as indications about potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of NOA. Finally, using tissues containing different tissue types for differential expression analysis can reflect the expression differences in different tissues to a certain extent. But this difference in expression is only related and not causal. The specific causality needs to be verified later.
Use of Comparative Transcriptomics Combined With Physiological Analyses to Identify Key Factors Underlying Cadmium Accumulation in Brassica juncea L.
Authors: Zhang Dawei , Du Yunyan , He Dan , Zhou Dinggang , Wu Jinfeng , Peng Jiashi , Liu Lili , Liu Zhongsong , Yan Mingli
Published: March 2021

The contamination of soils with cadmium (Cd) has become a serious environmental issue that needs to be addressed. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying Cd accumulation may facilitate the development of plants that accumulate both high and low amounts of Cd. In this study, a combination of phenotypic, physiological, and comparative transcriptomic analyses was performed to investigate the effects of different Cd concentrations (0, 5, 10, 30, 50 mg/kg) on Brassica juncea L. Our results suggest that B. juncea L. seedlings had a degree of tolerance to the 5 mg/kg Cd treatment, whereas higher Cd stress (10–50 mg/kg) could suppress the growth of B. juncea L. seedlings. The contents of soluble protein, as well as MDA (malondialdehyde), were increased, but the activities of CAT (catalase) enzymes and the contents of soluble sugar and chlorophyll were decreased, when B. juncea L. was under 30 and 50 mg/kg Cd treatment. Comparative transcriptomic analysis indicated that XTH18 (xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase enzymes), XTH22, and XTH23 were down-regulated, but PME17 (pectin methylesterases) and PME14 were up-regulated, which might contribute to cell wall integrity maintenance. Moreover, the down-regulation of HMA3 (heavy metal ATPase 3) and up-regulation of Nramp3 (natural resistance associated macrophage proteins 3), HMA2 (heavy metal ATPase 2), and Nramp1 (natural resistance associated macrophage proteins 1) might also play roles in reducing Cd toxicity in roots. Taken together, the results of our study may help to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the response of B. juncea L. to various concentrations of Cd.
A Brief Screening Tool for Opioid Use Disorder: EMPOWER Study Expert Consensus Protocol
Authors: You Dokyoung S. , Mardian Aram S. , Darnall Beth D. , Chen Chwen-Yuen A. , De Bruyne Korina , Flood Pamela D. , Kao Ming-Chih , Karnik Anita D. , McNeely Jennifer , Porter Joel G. , Schwartz Robert P. , Stieg Richard L. , Mackey Sean C.
Published: March 2021

Growing concerns about the safety of long-term opioid therapy and its uncertain efficacy for non-cancer pain have led to relatively rapid opioid deprescribing in chronic pain patients who have been taking opioid for years. To date, empirically supported processes for safe and effective opioid tapering are lacking. Opioid tapering programs have shown high rates of dropouts and increases in patient distress and suicidal ideation. Therefore, safe strategies for opioid deprescribing that are more likely to succeed are urgently needed. In response to this demand, the EMPOWER study has been launched to examine the effectiveness of behavioral medicine strategies within the context of patient-centered opioid tapering in outpatient settings (https://empower.stanford.edu/). The EMPOWER protocol requires an efficient process for ensuring that collaborative opioid tapering would be offered to the most appropriate patients while identifying patients who should be offered alternate treatment pathways. As a first step, clinicians need a screening tool to identify patients with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) and to assess for OUD severity. Because such a tool is not available, the study team composed of eight chronic pain and/or addiction experts has extended a validated screening instrument to develop a brief and novel consensus screening tool to identify OUD and assess for OUD severity for treatment stratification. Our screening tool has the potential to assist busy outpatient clinicians to assess OUD among patients receiving long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain.
Methods and Techniques to Facilitate the Development of Clostridium novyi NT as an Effective, Therapeutic Oncolytic Bacteria
Authors: Dailey Kaitlin M. , Jacobson Reed I. , Johnson Paige R. , Woolery Taylor J. , Kim Jiha , Jansen Rick J. , Mallik Sanku , Brooks Amanda E.
Published: March 2021

The tumor microenvironment is characterized by anomalous vascularization, hypoxia, and acidity at the core of solid tumors that culminates in concentrated necrosis and immune system dysregulation among other effects. While this environment presents several challenges for the development of oncotherapeutics that deliver their activity via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect of the leaky blood vessels around a tumor, oncolytic bacteria, or a class of bacteria with a noted capacity to lyse solid tumors, are attracted to the very environment found at the center of solid tumors that confounds other therapeutics. It is this capacity that allows for a potent, active penetration from the tumor margins into the core, and subsequent colonization to facilitate lysis and immune reactivation. Clostridium novyi in particular has recently shown great promise in preclinical and clinical trials when administered directly to the tumor. These studies indicate that C. novyi is uniquely poised to effectively accomplish the long sought after “holy grail” of oncotherapeutics: selective tumor localization via intravenous delivery. This study reports the development of efficient methods that facilitate experimental work and therapeutic translation of C. novyi including the ability to work with this obligate micro-anaerobe on the benchtop. Additionally, this study seeks to utilize this newfound experimental flexibility to address several gaps in the current knowledge regarding the efficacy of CRIPSR/Cas9-mediated gene insertion in this species to further develop this oncolytic bacteria and the genetic customization of bacteria in general.
Shengma Biejia Decoction Inhibits Cell Growth in Multiple Myeloma by Inducing Autophagy-Mediated Apoptosis Through the ERK/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Dai Huibo , Ma Bangyun , Dai Xingbin , Pang Jie , Wang Jingyu , Zhao Yandong , Wang Mengya , Zhang Hong , Gao Haoran , Qian Shushu , Tian Fang , Sun Xuemei
Published: March 2021

Shengma Biejia decoction (SMBJD), a traditional Chinese formula recorded in the Golden Chamber, has been widely used for the treatment of malignant tumors. However, its underlying molecular targets and mechanisms are still unclear. This study showed that SMBJD inhibited tumor growth and stimulated hemogram recovery significantly in a multiple myeloma xenograft model. Western blot and immunohistochemistry assays of tumor tissues showed that SMBJD reduced the ratio of autophagy-related proteins LC3-II/LC3-I, while P62 and apoptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 were upregulated. In vitro experiments demonstrated the time-dependent and dose-dependent cytotoxicity of SMBJD on multiple myeloma cell lines H929 and U266 through MTT assays. The LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and number of GFP-LC3 puncta showed that SMBJD inhibited the autophagy process of H929 and U266 cells. Moreover, both SMBJD and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) caused a decrease in LC3-II/LC3-I, and SMBJD could not reverse the upregulation of LC3-II/LC3-I caused by bafilomycin A1 (Baf-A1). Furthermore, the results of annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide double staining demonstrated that SMBJD treatment induced the apoptosis of H929 and U266 cells. These data prove that SMBJD inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis in H929 and U266 cells. The results also show that rapamycin could reduce the rate of SMBJD-induced apoptosis in H929 and U266 cells, at a concentration which had no effect on apoptosis but activated autophagy. In addition, analysis of the mechanism indicated that levels of phosphorylated ERK and phosphorylated mTOR were increased by treatment with SMBJD in vivo and in vitro. These results indicate that SMBJD, an old and effective herbal compound, could inhibit the viability of H929 and U266 cells and induce autophagy-mediated apoptosis through the ERK/mTOR pathway. Thus, it represents a potential therapy strategy for multiple myeloma.