bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação do comportamento de touros no ambiente de rodeio
Authors: Santos André Luiz Quagliatto , Rodrigues Thaís Carneiro Santos , D'Aparecida Natália Siqueira , Silva Júnior Omar Teodoro , Moreira Mariana Rodrigues , Massuda Patrícia , Moraes Flávio Machado de
Published: May 2017

The rodeo is a common practice in Brazil and abroad. This activity makes the relationship between man and animal greater, and it causes behavior variations. This study aimed to assess the variations in behavior of bulls in rodeo. 228 bulls in rodeos were observed in the cities of Ibiá, Monte Alegre de Minas, Uberaba and Uberlândia (MG). The rodeo was divided into three phases: brete, work. The animals were observed following three parameters of behavior: gentle, normal and aggressive. The statistical analysis (z test) showed statistically significant differences in the evaluated numbers. We conclude that the rodeo bulls change their behavior between the phases of work brete and increased aggression and between phases of work and return, the Bulls remain the behavior or decrease aggression.
Prolapso de cervix, vagina e útero em vacas – Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Silva Thiago Alexandre da , Souza Rafael Rocha de , Moura Mariela Silva , Carvalho Francisco Sales Resende
Published: May 2017

Prolapses of uterus, cervix and vagina are answerable for economic losses and unbalance on reproductive efficiency of dairy an beef cows (BARTOLOMEU et al 1997; MARQUES et al 1991). Pandit et al. (1992) cited that the most of treated animals with mechanic replacement of organs and suture of vulva, became sterile after prolapse vaginal/uterine, showing chronicle cervicitis, with recidivation index of 34,88% at this affection on animals. The causes of prolapses in all yours variations stands in certain manner undefined, precise causes aren’t known. Nevertheless, seems to be correlated with high plasmatic estrogens concentration, mineral deficiency, essentially phosphorus and calcium, genetic predisposition, obstetric passage bad developed and vulva intumesce (ROBERTS, 1979). According to Shukla; Pareth (1987) the literature mention prolapse incidence of 3,35% until 5,36% , based on explored race or management accomplished. Regarding how big is the national herd, we might begin to see the prejudice that this reproductive patology cause in all yours variations on whole amount of productivity of cows in Brazilian herd. Studding and having a better understand of this reproductive patology we can avoid problems find solutions and minimize economic loses.
Análise dos custos de produção de leite de bovinos na Fazenda Claro no Município de Vazante - MG
Authors: Santos Tony Stehling Guimarães dos , Pirtouscheg Adriano , Carrazza Thaís Gomes , Carrazza Leonardo Gomes , Alves Luana Ribeiro , Oliveira Millene Torres de , Sant’ana Driele Schneidereit
Published: May 2017

This study was aimed to analyze the costs of production and to evaluate the productive activity of dairy cattle to pasture at Fazenda Claro, in the municipality of Vazante-MG in the period from 01 August 2008 to July 31, 2009. From the data collected on the farm was possible to evaluate the following economic characteristics: revenue from product sales, profit, profitability, investment capacity, point of leveling, variable costs, fixed costs and total operating cost. Performing the calculations of economic evaluation concluded that the activity had a total cost of R $ 376,177.71 and revenue of R$ 386,744.05 making a total profit of R$ 10,556.34, a profit per liter of Milk R$ 0.788 and a unit profit of R $ 0.022 obtained a profitability of 2.73% and a return of 6.17%, showing that the result of the activity was positive.
A rendőrség kommunikációja a 2016-os budapesti robbantás kapcsán: az átmeneti nyilatkozat jelentősége a krízismenedzsmentben
Authors: Pintér Dániel Gergő
Published: May 2017

Jelen tanulmány a válságmenedzseri szakma protokolljának fényében vizsgálja a magyar rendőrség kommunikációját a 2016-os budapesti robbantás kapcsán. A cikk során kiemelt hangsúlyt fektetek az első reakcióig eltelt időre és az úgynevezett átmeneti nyilatkozat fontosságára, mely nemcsak meggátolhatja a válságszituáció problémakörének tágítását, de az érdemi tájékoztatásig nyilvános igazodási pontot is adhat. Amellett érvelek, hogy kemény válságok esetén a hivatalos álláspont ismertetésének késlekedése információs deficitet okozhat és a krízisnyilvánosság más, kevésbé hiteles források felé fordulását eredményezheti. A következőkben sorba veszem a válságok kirobbanását követő, kritikus 24 óra tipikus kísérőjelenségeit, majd részletesen bemutatom, hogy ezek mennyiben tehetik intenzívebbé a krízist. A tanulmány tézise szerint a sikeres válságkommunikáció 1. a média torzításaival és 2. a tömegben artikulálódó magánemberek szavával, vagyis a felhasználók által generált tartalmakkal és a potenciális összeesküvés-elméletekkel ugyanúgy kalkulál, mint egy kompetens szakértő nyilatkozatával, hiszen ezek a tartalmak a közösségi média közvetítésével akár tömegeket befolyásolhatnak.

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The Communication of the Hungarian Police Forces on the Bombing in Budapest in 2016: the Role of First Official Reaction in Crisis Management

The explosion in Budapest occurred on 24 September 2016 when a young man detonated a nail bomb with the intention of killing two patrolling police officers. This article analyses the official communication of the Hungarian Police Forces focusing on the ellapsed time until their first official reaction. I argue that the first 24 hours after such detonations are the most crucial, so working with speed and efficiency is important and the crisis communication process should be accurate as well as transparent. According to my thesis a successful crisis management process takes into consideration not only the bias of the mass media, but also the influence of user generated content and conspiracy theories. The application of a holding statement is essential to my analysis, which is designed to help control the message the public will hear immediately following an incident.
Contributors
Authors: Juvonen Tuula
Published: May 2017

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Kiiltokuvapojista ja ihmisroskista
Authors: Tainio Luca
Published: May 2017

Arvio teoksesta: Jin Haritaworn. 2015. Queer Lovers and Hateful Others. Regenerating Violent Times and Places. Lontoo: PlutoPress, 203 s.
Miehimyksistä homoseksuaaleiksi: Miesten välisen intohimon käsitteellistäminen 1900-luvun Suomessa
Authors: Kurvinen Heidi
Published: May 2017

Arvio teoksesta: Sandra Hagman. 2016. Seitsemän kummaa veljestä. Kertomuksia suomalaisen homoseksuaalisuuden historiasta. Helsinki: Gaudeamus, 296 s.
Terveyttä edistävään ruokavalioon yhteydessä olevat tekijät korkeakouluopiskelijoilla
Authors: Lagström Hanna , Luoto Sanna , Mäkelä Johanna , Iirola Jenni , Kunttu Kristina
Published: May 2017

Korkeakouluopiskelijoiden terveystutkimuksessa on selvitetty alle 35-vuotiaiden perustutkintoasuorittavien suomalaisten korkeakouluopiskelijoiden terveys- ja ruokailutottumuksia jokaneljäs vuosi vuodesta 2000 alkaen. Vuoden 2012 tutkimuksessa selvitettiin ensimmäistä kertaaruokavalion laatua kokonaisuutena. Tämän artikkelin tavoitteena on kuvata yliopisto- jaammattikorkeakouluopiskelijoiden ruokavalion laatua ja ravitsemussuositusten mukaisen, terveyttäedistävän ruokavalion toteutumista painoindeksin, terveystietoisuuden, koetun terveyden,toimeentulon ja pääaterian syöntipaikan mukaan sukupuolittain.Korkeakouluopiskelijoiden terveystutkimus toteutettiin vuonna 2012 lomakekyselynä postitse,mutta vastaaminen oli mahdollista myös internetissä. Opiskelijoiden ruokavalion laatua selvitettiinravitsemussuositusten mukaisen, terveyttä edistävän ruokavalion toteutumista kuvaavallaravintomittarilla (Index of Diet Quality, IDQ ). Kyselyyn vastasi yhteensä 4403 (44 %) opiskelijaa.Ravitsemussuositusten mukainen, terveyttä edistävä ruokavalio toteutui naisilla useammin kuinmiehillä ja yliopisto-opiskelijoilla useammin kuin ammattikorkeakouluopiskelijoilla. Ylipainoisillaja lihavilla oli suurempi riski epäterveelliseen ruokavalioon normaalipainoisiin verrattuna.Terveyttä edistävän ruokavalion toteutuminen ja siten parempi ruokavalion laatu liittyivätyliopistossa opiskeluun, opiskelijoiden normaalipainoisuuteen, terveystietoisuuteen ruokailun suhteen,hyvään koettuun terveyteen, hyvään toimeentuloon sekä pääaterian syömiseen opiskelija- taityöpaikkaravintolassa.Terveystietoisuus ruokavalion suhteen, sukupuoli ja korkeakoulusektori ovat yhteydessä terveyttäedistävän ruokavalion toteutumiseen. Ruuan terveellisyyden ajattelu sen hankintatilanteessa olimerkittävin opiskelijoiden ruokavalion laatuun yhteydessä oleva tekijä. Lisäksi ali- ja ylipainoisuusoli yhteydessä heikompaan ruokavalion laatuun. Pääaterian nauttiminen opiskelija- taityöpaikkaravintolassa paransi opiskelijoiden ruokavalion laatua, joten opiskelijoiden ruokailuaopiskelijaruokaloissa tulisi edistää ja tukea.
ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOUR OF PHASE S CAPACITIVE TAP INSULATOR OF INTERCONNECTION 1, 220 kV, IN JINAMAR POWER PLANT (ISLAND OF GRAN CANARIA, CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN)
Authors: J.M. García Muñoz  , J. Torres Santana  , M. Martínez Melgarejo
Published: May 2017

In the island of Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, there are two Power Plants called Jinamar Power Plant and Barranco de Tirajana Power Plant, both property of Unelco Generacion, a subsidiary of Endesa Generacion. The first one is placed in the northeast of the island, near its capital, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, and the other is in the southeast, near the most significant touristic area of the island. Both plants are interconnected by means of four transmission lines, two with a voltage of 220 kV and the other two with 66 kV. Since its commissioning in 1995, several phase to ground shortcircuits have occurred in one of the capacitive tap insulators in the 220 kV lines, in Jinamar side, without a clear cause for them, causing problems of different kind in the electrical system of Gran Canaria. From construction of tap insulators to environmental conditions, every possible factor was carefully studied and laboratory tests were made. In this paper it is described the analysis that was carried out and how a deep study of every possible cause drove to a definitive solution of the problem.
A Three Phase Photovoltaic Power System Connected to the MV Network: Behaviour during Voltage Dips
Authors: R. Chiumeo  , C. Gandolfi
Published: May 2017

The presence of Distributed Generation (DG) in the distribution network is increasing and represents one of the most important research areas. Several reasons have forced this increase like the possibility to use renewable resources reducing the fossil fuels use with environmental and energy benefits. The paper deals with the results of a study performed by RSE, in the frame of the Research Fund for the Italian Electrical System, focused on the behaviour during voltage dips of a “DG system”, consisting in a Photovoltaic generator (PV) connected to the network with three phase Voltage Source Inverter (VSI).
A Comparison of Design Methodologies for Journal Bearings under Pulsatile Loads
Authors: C. Herapath  , S.M.Barrans  , W.Weston
Published: May 2017

The paper expands the work by Kinnear and Weston[1] on squeeze film bearing design to the general case and compares the revised methodology with classical bearing design[2,3,4] and hybrid bearing design[5]. The analysis, which employs a partial differentiation of the Poisseuille and Hagen-Poiseuille bearing flow equations, enables a mathematical model for the bearing squeeze film to be developed. This yields a transfer function between bearing displacement and load. Subsequent parameter maps are developed from the transfer function for stiffness and damping coefficients.The method enables hybrid journal bearings under pulsatile load to be considered. Current design methodologies employed do not cater for this situation adequately which limits effective design of these bearings in applications such as in internal combustion engine crankshaft bearings
Feasibility of wind power generation for the reduction of power costs in residential buildings
Authors: Rômulo Monteiro Callado  , João Reinaldo Imbiriba da Rocha Junior  , Antonio Felisberto P. Amorim
Published: May 2017

Introduction: The installation of wind power generators on buildings located in areas with regular winds may be a suitable investment in a renewable power source. Brazil has a high eolic potential, where the annual mean wind speed may reach over eight meters per second. This case study is aimed to assess the economic feasibility of the installation of small wind power plants in urban areas. Methods: This work evaluates a project for the installation of a vertical axis wind turbine in three buildings (15-, 22-, and 26-store) including the following stages: 1) Installation of a real-time power meter in the 15-store unit; 2) Demand analysis of the 26-store building´s power consumption; 3) Winds survey along the coast of the State of Ceará; 4) Analysis of the wind turbines available in the market; 5) Simulation aimed to choose the system. Results: Vertical wind power generators offer better conditions of use in urban areas. The turnover time was established to be between four and six years in the three studied units. Conclusions: The installation of a wind power generator on buildings in regions with an adequate eolic regimen reaches a financial return of the investment before the end of the equipment´s lifespan.
Dynamic Interaction of Renewable Hybrid Power Plant with Grid
Authors: R. Das  , P. Bajpai  , A. K. Sinha
Published: May 2017

Distributed generation can appear in different forms ranging from conventional technologies (internal combustion engine, photo-voltaic cell etc.) to advanced ones (micro turbine, fuel cell etc.). Among them, wind generation is widely utilized with a hybrid energy storage technology. In hybrid systems fuel cell generator may be used as a supplement because wind generator output fluctuates with weather conditions. Fuel cells are very attractive to be used with intermittent sources of energy, because of high efficiency, fast load response, modularity and fuel flexibility. Simulation studies have proved the feasibility of coordinating fuel cell with wind generator to supply constant or dynamic load for either gridconnected or stand alone applications. In this paper, a dynamic model of grid integrated wind generator-fuel cell hybrid system connected to the test system of distribution network is developed. Dynamic behavior of voltage, power, torque, frequency etc. have been studied at the time of starting of wind generator and faults in the network. The developed model, being simple, could provide a useful tool for the planning of distributed generation
The Influence of Wind Power on the Small Signal Stability of a Power System
Authors: T.R. Ayodele  , A.A. Jimoh  , J.L Munda  , J.T Agee
Published: May 2017

This paper analyses the influence of wind power on the small signal stability of a power system. Factors like power dispatch, generator technology, wind farm location and wind power integration level are considered. The oscillatory modes that arise as a result of changes in system operating conditions are computed using modal analysis. Participation factors are also calculated to determine the relative contribution of each system state variables to a certain mode. Time domain simulations are carried out to validate the conclusion inferred from the modal analysis
Self-Start Performance Evaluation in Darrieus-Type Vertical Axis Wind Turbines: Methodology and Computational Tool Applied to Symmetrical Airfoils
Authors: N.C. Batista  , R. Melício  , J.C.O. Matias  , J.P.S. Catalão
Published: May 2017

An increased interest in vertical axis wind turbines has been stimulated by the rapid growth of wind power generation and by the need for a smarter electrical grid with a decentralized energy generation, especially in the urban areas. The lift type vertical axis wind turbines (Darrieus wind turbine) performance prediction is a very complex task, since its blades move around the rotor axis in a three dimensional aerodynamic environment that lead to several flow phenomena, such as, dynamic stall, flow separation, flow wake deformations and their natural inability to self-start. These issues can be overcome with the use of several more or less complex solutions, being one of them the development of a blade profile capable of making the wind turbines self-start. This paper focuses on presenting a new methodology for fast development of new blade profiles, for self-start capable Darrieus wind turbines, which is a complex and time-consuming task.
Design and Implementation of Renewable Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
Authors: Kary Thanapalan  , Jonathan Williams  , Giuliano Premier  , Alan Guwy
Published: May 2017

In this paper, a systematic approach for investigating a hydrogen fuel cell hybrid vehicle system is considered. This approach involves developing a mathematical model incorporating renewable hydrogen production, storage and refuelling of the fuel cell vehicle system. The University of Glamorgan’s (UOG) Sustainable Environment Research Centre (SERC) have developed the UK’s first alternative energy refuelling facility at the University’s Hydrogen Centre in Baglan. Hydrogen produced from renewable energy on-site will be use to refuel the UOG, Faculty of Advanced Technology, Hydrogen Bus (UOGHB). The simulation model is used to analyse the effect of operating conditions and energy demand of the UOGHB. Comparisons are made between the simulation results from the mathematical model and UOGHB experimental data. A general agreement exists but where disagreements and anomalies occur, reasoned arguments are presented in explanation. The model represents a reasonable overall representation of the UOGHB. This model can be used for controller development, to improve operational quality and performances.
Investigating the Power Quality of an Electrical Distribution System Stressed by Non-Linear Domestic Appliances
Authors: Haroon Farooq  , Chengke Zhou  , Malcolm Allan  , Mohamed Emad Farrag  , R.A. Khan  , M. Junaid
Published: May 2017

: Power quality has become a matter of growing concern in recent years owing to a daily rise in use of non-linear loads at domestic level. In addition, fast growing technologies like distributed generation and electric vehicles are emerging as part of modern distribution systems. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate and analyze the power quality issues due to various non-linear home appliances to give a clear picture of the current scenario. So that future technologies can be accommodated in the distribution systems while coping with existing power quality issues. The experimentally developed harmonic models, of various commonly deployed domestic appliances, are used for the simulation of a practical distribution system in Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP). Experimental results combined with simulation results show an alarmingly high level of harmonic distortion, breaching the recommended standard practices, in both current and voltage at not only point of common coupling (PCC) but also at the consumer’s end. In addition to increase in losses, this also degrades power factor giving rise to distortion power. While discussing other impacts of harmonic distortion, true power factor (PFtrue) and distortion power (D) has also been evaluated at PCC.
Estimated Environments Lighting Capacity Through Sunlight
Authors: Spacek, A. D.  , Santana, M. V. F de  , Mota, J. M.  , Biléssimo, L. D.  , Ando Junior, O. H.  , Freitas,  G. P.  , Pereira, T. C.
Published: May 2017

conventional indoor light bulbs, by the daylighting trough domes and reflective tubes, which respectively capture and diffuse the sunlight to the interior environment. Base on collected data trough in a weather station, it is made a daily data collection and realized a projection of the sunlight which will focus on purpose study’s system, according to the variations over the analyzed months. Wherefore, it is estimated the amount of replaced light bulbs and, therefore your economy. This kind of technology will allow the illumination will happen in a healthy and comfortable way.
A study on percentages of damage ratios of the European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on sweet corn cultivars
Authors: Demirel Nihat , Konuşkan Ömer
Published: May 2017

The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is one of the most important pest of grain corn and sweet corn in Turkey. The objective of this study was to assess percentage damage ratios of the ECB on stalk and corncobs of various sweet corn varieties in Reyhanlı district of Hatay province of Turkey.  The studies were carried out in 2015-2016 with four different sweet corn varieties including Caremelo, Vega, Merit and Batem. After two years of the study, the ECB larvae caused significant damages on stalk and corncobs of all sweet corn varieties.  The percentage damage of stalk and corncobs varied for each of the sweet corn varieties in both years.  In the first year, the highest percentages of stalk damage ratios were recorded on Batem (32.45), followed by Vega (19.85), Merit (17.07) and Caremelo (16.72).  In the second year,  the highest percentages of stalk damage ratios were observed on Merit (59.34),  followed by Caremelo (51.65),  Batem (45.09) and Vega (35.49).  In the first year, the largest percentages of corncobs damage ratios were recorded on Vega (25.73), followed by Batem (16.74), Caremelo (12.11), and Merit (9.30). In the second year,  the highest percentages of corncobs damage ratios were observed on Caremelo (14.31), followed by Merit (13.72), Batem (9.98) and Vega (8.93).  In conclusion, the largest percentages of stalk + corncobs damages ratios were observed on Batem (49.19), followed by Vega (45.58), Caremelo (28.83) and Merit (26.37) in 2015, while the highest percentages of stalk + corncobs damages ratios were recorded on Merit (73.06), followed by Caremelo (65.96), Batem (55.07) and Vega (44.42) in 2016.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN ENVIROMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING (EMA) PADA RSUD DR.H.SLAMET MARTODJIRJO PAMEKASAN
Authors: Sakdiyah Halimatus
Published: May 2017

The negative impacts caused by the hospital require the environmental accounting system as the control of the organization's responsibility because the waste management conducted by the hospital requires measurement, assessment, disclosure and reporting of waste management cost from the operational activities of the hospital is one of the interesting accounting problems for The Eirviromental Management Accounting (EMA) is a technique that emphasizes efficiency and effectiveness in the use of resources and is part of a wider management control system. This research method used qualitative method with case study. RSUD Dr.H. Slamet Martodjirjo Pamekasan has implemented Regulation of Minister of Trade Regulation No.64 of 2013 on the implementation of accounting based on full accrual in government in 2015 for example, has done the process of identification, recognition of measurement, recording, presentation and also disclosure. In RSUD Dr.H. Slamet Martodjirjo Pamekasan recognizes the environmental costs that occur as operational costs using the basic accrual method. Environmental accounting can support income accounting, financial accounting as well as internal business managerial accounting. Environmental accounting helps companies and other organizations raise their confidence and beliefs in relation to a more equitable assessment. Environmental accounting becomes important to consider as well as possible because environmental accounting is part or sub-accounting. Disclosure of policies relating to environmental management issues in the notes to the financial statements of RSUD Dr.Slamet Martodjirjo Pamekasan shows that the costs incurred for waste management are combined with similar accounts.Keywords :Eviromental Management Acoounting
PERANAN AKUNTAN DALAM PELAKSANAAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PADA RUMAH SAKIT DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: Syahril Syahril , Arfiyanto Dedy
Published: May 2017

Accountants have a very big role to encourage companies to get involved in activities that show concern for environmental issues Social or Corporate Social ResponsibilityThe purpose of this study is to determine the role of accountants, especially internal accountants in the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility Hospital in the District Sumenep. This research is descriptive research with qualitative approach. By using this qualitative Descriptive research, writer use to describe, interpret and describe data that writer get from observation, interview and documentation. The analysis uses an interactive model with three procedures: Data Reduction, Presentation of Data and Drawing Conclusions.The role of internal accountants in the implementation of social activities is needed for corporate social responsibility (Hospital in Sumenep District). Because the involvement of internal accountants is very big influence on the decision-making process related to social problems or Corporate Social Responsibility (Corporate Social Responsibility) Keywords : Internal Accountant, Corporate Social Responsibility, Hospital
Utility of Early Postoperative Imaging after Combined Endoscopic and Open Ventral Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Mendelson Zachary S. , Echanique Kristen A. , Crippen Meghan M. , Vazquez Alejandro , Liu James K. , Eloy Jean Anderson
Published: May 2017

Purpose

Immediate postoperative imaging is frequently obtained after combined skull base surgery (SBS) with endoscopic endonasal and open transcranial approaches. The importance of early postoperative imaging for detecting complications in these patients is still debatable. In this study, we investigated the clinical utility of early postoperative imaging after combined SBS for determination of postoperative complications.

Methods

A retrospective chart analysis of 21 cases of combined SBS between 2009 and 2015 was performed. Data on postoperative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MR), and the hospital course were collected. We separated interpretations of postoperative imaging into two groups: (1) when using the radiologist's interpretation alone, and (2) when using the surgeon's knowledge of the case in conjunction with imaging.

Results

Forty-two postoperative scans were obtained (21 CT, 21 MR) within 48 hours of surgery. There was a significant statistical difference between imaging interpretation by surgeons and radiologists for CT interpretation only. For CT interpretation the true positive (TP), false positive (FP), true negative (TN), and false negative (FN) rates for radiologists (TP, 0/21; FP, 6/21; TN, 11/21; FN, 4/21) slightly deviated from surgeons' interpretation (TP, 1/21 [p = 0.9999]; FP, 0/21 [p = 0.0207]; TN, 17/21 [p = 0.1000]; FN, 3/21 [p = 1.000]). Rates for MRI interpretation by both groups were nearly identical, with no significant difference found. Overall, four patients experienced seven postoperative complications, which led to a complication rate of 19.0% (4/21). The patients exhibited clinical symptoms in all instances of postoperative complications that required further intervention.

Conclusion

The benefit of early postoperative imaging to detect complications after combined SBS was limited. In this cohort of patients, positive imaging findings' effects on patient management were dictated by the presence of supporting clinical symptoms.
The Application of a Free Nasal Floor Mucoperiosteal Graft in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Dadgostar Anali , Okpaleke Christopher , Al-Asousi Fahad , Javer Amin
Published: May 2017

Background

Numerous reconstructive techniques and materials have been reported for repair of skull base defects, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, and coverage of denuded bone, including pedicled vascularized flaps and free mucosal grafts.

Objective

This study described our technique of harvesting and transferring a free nasal floor mucoperiosteal graft and discussed our experience with the application of this technique.

Methods

A retrospective review of 19 patients (mean age, 53.7 years; 13 men, 6 women) treated with image-guided endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis or tumors. Intraoperative free mucosal graft repair was performed for large skull base defects after resection of skull base tumor (n = 7), CSF leak (n = 12), and iatrogenic CSF leak (n = 7). Repair was performed in an overlay or an underlay fashion, with a multilayer approach in cases of a large skull base defect. Patients underwent endoscopic assessment at 6 days, 5 weeks, and 12 weeks after surgery for assessment of healing and of CSF leak. The patients were followed up for a mean of 8.7 months.

Results

Minimal crusting was identified at the donor site in all the patients at 6 days, with no evidence of CSF leak. In cases of exposed bone and/or mucosal stripping, hyperostosis at the recipient graft site was avoided. All the patients had complete healing at the donor site and the recipient site, with minimal morbidity at 5 and 12 weeks, and no evidence of recurrent CSF leak.

Conclusion

The use of nasal floor mucoperiosteal free grafts in endoscopic surgery offered the advantage of ease of harvest, coverage of large defects, and multiple applications of use, with minimal donor-site morbidity.
Effects of Changes in Nasal Volume on Voice in Patients after Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Hong Yong-Kil , Jeun Sin-Soo , Park Jae-Sung , Kim Soo Whan , Cho Jin Hee , Park Yong Jin , Lee Hyuck Jae , Hwang Yeon-Shin , Kim Sung Won
Published: May 2017

Objective

To investigate a potential correlation between changes in voice and changes in nasal volume.

Methods

The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETSA) was performed on 120 patients between February 2009 and August 2016 by using the bilateral modified nasoseptal rescue flaps method. All the patients were subjected to pre- and postoperative paranasal computed tomography (CT) and voice evaluations by using acoustic analyses, a nasometer to measure the nasalance, and determination of the voice handicap index (VHI). Paranasal CT and the medical image processing software were used to calculate changes in nasal cavity volume in three nasal sections.

Results

Enlargement of the nasal cavity after surgery was evident in all three areas (anteronasal, p < 0.001; midnasal, p = 0.005; postnasal, p = 0.025). In addition, EETSA resulted in significantly higher mean nasalance scores for the oronasal passage (p < 0.001) and nasal passage (p < 0.001); more frequency perturbation (jitter) (p < 0.001) and amplitude perturbation (shimmer) (p < 0.001); and higher grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and strain scores (p < 0.001), and VHI (p = 0.01). However, only changes in the nasal volume after EETSA correlated with postnasal hypernasality (r = 0.2; p = 0.029).

Conclusion

Although changes in nasal volume, voice, and speech may develop after EETSA, we found that changes in nasal volume were not correlated with changes in any voice-quality measure. However, the postnasal cavity was the region most dramatically affected by EETSA, and postnasal volume changes after surgery may be associated with hypernasal speech.
Role of Pleural Biopsy in the Etiological Diagnosis of Exudative Pleural Effusion
Authors: Ahmed Jamal Uddin , Hossain Mohammad Delwar , Afroz Farhana , Rahim Muhammad Abdur , Musa AKM
Published: May 2017

Purpose: Exudative pleural effusion usually indicates an underlying pulmonary pathology. Sometimes etiological diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion is difficult despite cytological, biochemical and microbiological tests. Aim of present study was to make an etiological diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion by pleural biopsy.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was performed from January 2012 to December 2014 in the Department of Internal Medicine & Pulmonology of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 51 patients with exudative pleural effusion in whom the diagnosis was uncertain after routine biochemical, cytological and microbiological evaluation of pleural fluid were included in the study. These patients underwent pleural biopsy by Abrams needle and histopathology was done to determine the etiology of pleural effusion.Results: Majority (74.5%) of the patients were male. Mean age of the patients was 52.7±16.0 years. Most (52.9%) patients had right sided pleural effusion. Histopathology report of the pleural biopsy showed granulomatous inflammation compatible with tuberculosis (TB) in 15 (29.4%), metastatic malignancy in 10 (19.6%) and chronic inflammation in 9 (17.6%) cases. In 17 (33.3%) cases the histopathology did not reveal any abnormality. Among 10 cases of metastatic malignancy, most (7, 70%) were adenocarcinoma. Compared to malignancy cases, TB cases were younger in age (Mean age: TB - 45.0±17.9 vs malignancy - 61.8±13.0 years). Pleural fluid was straw color in all (100%) cases of TB and hemorrhagic in almost all (90%) cases of metastatic malignancy (p 0.000). Mean value of pleural fluid protein (59.1±4.8 vs 47.3±4.2 gm/L; p 0.003), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (917.3±219.3 vs 464.3±112.3 U/L; p 0.101), adenosine deaminase (ADA) (39.0±3.7 vs 15.615.6±2.3 U/L; p 0.016), total leukocyte count (1039.3±776.8 vs 439.2±138.2 cells/cmm; p 0.328) and lymphocyte percentage (94.4±4.3 vs 68.3±9.3; p 0.003) were all raised in TB compared to metastatic malignancyConclusions: Pleural biopsy was definitive diagnostic in almost half the patients with exudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis was more common than malignancy particularly in young persons. Pleural fluid protein, LDH and ADA are significantly raised in TB compared to malignancy.Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2017; 5(1): 33-36
Lateral Medullary Syndrome
Authors: Saha Debasish Kumar , Saha Madhurima , Nazneen Suraiya
Published: May 2017

Abstract not availableBangladesh Crit Care J March 2017; 5(1): 72-73
Uniaxial Compressive Strength and Fracture Mode of Lake Ice at Moderate Strain Rates Based on a Digital Speckle Correlation Method for Deformation Measurement
Authors: Lian Jijian , Ouyang Qunan , Zhao Xin , Liu Fang , Qi Chunfeng
Published: May 2017

Better understanding of the complex mechanical properties of ice is the foundation to predict the ice fail process and avoid potential ice threats. In the present study, uniaxial compressive strength and fracture mode of natural lake ice are investigated over moderate strain-rate range of 0.4–10 s−1 at −5 °C and −10 °C. The digital speckle correlation method (DSCM) is used for deformation measurement through constructing artificial speckle on ice sample surface in advance, and two dynamic load cells are employed to measure the dynamic load for monitoring the equilibrium of two ends’ forces under high-speed loading. The relationships between uniaxial compressive strength and strain-rate, temperature, loading direction, and air porosity are investigated, and the fracture mode of ice at moderate rates is also discussed. The experimental results show that there exists a significant difference between true strain-rate and nominal strain-rate derived from actuator displacement under dynamic loading conditions. Over the employed strain-rate range, the dynamic uniaxial compressive strength of lake ice shows positive strain-rate sensitivity and decreases with increasing temperature. Ice obtains greater strength values when it is with lower air porosity and loaded vertically. The fracture mode of ice seems to be a combination of splitting failure and crushing failure.
No Uncountable Polish Group Can be a Right-Angled Artin Group
Authors: Paolini Gianluca , Shelah Saharon
Published: May 2017

We prove that if G is a Polish group and A a group admitting a system of generators whose associated length function satisfies: (i) if 0 < k < ω , then l g ( x ) ≤ l g ( x k ) ; (ii) if l g ( y ) < k < ω and x k = y , then x = e , then there exists a subgroup G * of G of size b (the bounding number) such that G * is not embeddable in A. In particular, we prove that the automorphism group of a countable structure cannot be an uncountable right-angled Artin group. This generalizes analogous results for free and free abelian uncountable groups.
Factors Controlling the Redox Activity of Oxygen in Perovskites: From Theory to Application for Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Yang Chunzhen , Grimaud Alexis
Published: May 2017

Triggering the redox reaction of oxygens has become essential for the development of (electro) catalytic properties of transition metal oxides, especially for perovskite materials that have been envisaged for a variety of applications such as the oxygen evolution or reduction reactions (OER and ORR, respectively), CO or hydrocarbons oxidation, NO reduction and others. While the formation of ligand hole for perovskites is well-known for solid state physicists and/or chemists and has been widely studied for the understanding of important electronic properties such as superconductivity, insulator-metal transitions, magnetoresistance, ferroelectrics, redox properties etc., oxygen electrocatalysis in aqueous media at low temperature barely scratches the surface of the concept of oxygen ions oxidation. In this review, we briefly explain the electronic structure of perovskite materials and go through a few important parameters such as the ionization potential, Madelung potential, and charge transfer energy that govern the oxidation of oxygen ions. We then describe the surface reactivity that can be induced by the redox activity of the oxygen network and the formation of highly reactive surface oxygen species before describing their participation in catalytic reactions and providing mechanistic insights and strategies for designing new (electro) catalysts. Finally, we give a brief overview of the different techniques that can be employed to detect the formation of such transient oxygen species.
Investigation on the Expansion of Urban Construction Land Use Based on the CART-CA Model
Authors: Yao Yongxiang , Li Jia , Zhang Xingguo , Duan Ping , Li Shuang , Xu Quanli
Published: May 2017

Change in urban construction land use is an important factor when studying urban expansion. Many scholars have combined cellular automata (CA) with data mining algorithms to perform relevant simulation studies. However, the parameters for rule extraction are difficult to determine and the rules are simplex, and together, these factors tend to introduce excessive fitting problems and low modeling accuracy. In this paper, we propose a method to extract the transformation rules for a CA model based on the Classification and Regression Tree (CART). In this method, CART is used to extract the transformation rules for the CA. This method first adopts the CART decision tree using the bootstrap algorithm to mine the rules from the urban land use while considering the factors that impact the geographic spatial variables in the CART regression procedure. The weights of individual impact factors are calculated to generate a logistic regression function that reflects the change in urban construction land use. Finally, a CA model is constructed to simulate and predict urban construction land expansion. The urban area of Xinyang City in China is used as an example for this experimental research. After removing the spatial invariant region, the overall simulation accuracy is 81.38% and the kappa coefficient is 0.73. The results indicate that by using the CART decision tree to train the impact factor weights and extract the rules, it can effectively increase the simulation accuracy of the CA model. From convenience and accuracy perspectives for rule extraction, the structure of the CART decision tree is clear, and it is very suitable for obtaining the cellular rules. The CART-CA model has a relatively high simulation accuracy in modeling urban construction land use expansion, it provides reliable results, and is suitable for use as a scientific reference for urban construction land use expansion.
Redistribution of Cerebral Blood Flow during Severe Hypovolemia and Reperfusion in a Sheep Model: Critical Role of α1-Adrenergic Signaling
Authors: Schiffner René , Bischoff Sabine , Lehmann Thomas , Rakers Florian , Rupprecht Sven , Reiche Juliane , Matziolis Georg , Schubert Harald , Schwab Matthias , Huber Otmar , Schmidt Martin
Published: May 2017

Background: Maintenance of brain circulation during shock is sufficient to prevent subcortical injury but the cerebral cortex is not spared. This suggests area-specific regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during hemorrhage. Methods: Cortical and subcortical CBF were continuously measured during blood loss (≤50%) and subsequent reperfusion using laser Doppler flowmetry. Blood gases, mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), heart rate and renal blood flow were also monitored. Urapidil was used for α1A-adrenergic receptor blockade in dosages, which did not modify the MABP-response to blood loss. Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions were used to determine adrenergic receptor expression in brain arterioles. Results: During hypovolemia subcortical CBF was maintained at 81 ± 6% of baseline, whereas cortical CBF decreased to 40 ± 4% (p < 0.001). Reperfusion led to peak CBFs of about 70% above baseline in both brain regions. α1A-Adrenergic blockade massively reduced subcortical CBF during hemorrhage and reperfusion, and prevented hyperperfusion during reperfusion in the cortex. α1A-mRNA expression was significantly higher in the cortex, whereas α1D-mRNA expression was higher in the subcortex (p < 0.001). Conclusions: α1-Adrenergic receptors are critical for perfusion redistribution: activity of the α1A-receptor subtype is a prerequisite for redistribution of CBF, whereas the α1D-receptor subtype may determine the magnitude of redistribution responses.
Aldosterone and Mineralocorticoid Receptors—Physiology and Pathophysiology
Authors: Funder John
Published: May 2017

Aldosterone is a uniquely terrestrial hormone, first appearing in lungfish, which have both gills and lungs. Mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs), on the other hand, evolved much earlier, and are found in cartilaginous and bony fish, presumptive ligand cortisol. MRs have equivalent high affinity for aldosterone, progesterone, and cortisol; in epithelia, despite much higher cortisol circulating levels, aldosterone selectively activates MRs by co-expression of the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, Type 11. In tissues in which the enzyme is not expressed, MRs are overwhelmingly occupied but not activated by cortisol, which normally thus acts as an MR antagonist; in tissue damage, however, cortisol mimics aldosterone and acts as an MR agonist. The risk profile for primary aldosteronism (PA) is much higher than that in age-, sex-, and blood pressure-matched essential hypertensives. High levels of aldosterone per se are not the problem: in chronic sodium deficiency, as seen in the monsoon season in the highlands of New Guinea, plasma aldosterone levels are extraordinarily high, but cause neither hypertension nor cardiovascular damage. Such damage occurs when aldosterone levels are out of the normal feedback control, and are inappropriately elevated for the salt status of the individual (or experimental animal). The question thus remains of how excess salt can synergize with elevated aldosterone levels to produce deleterious cardiovascular effects. One possible mechanism is through the agency of the elusive ouabain-like factors (OLFs). Such factors are secreted from the adrenal in response to ACTH (adrenalocortical tropic hormone), to angiotensin via AT2R, and—the polar opposite of aldosterone—to sodium loading. They act on blood vessels to cause vasoconstriction and thus elevate blood pressure to dump excess sodium through pressure natriuresis. Their levels are chronically elevated in PA in response to the continually elevated sodium status, and they thus act to constrict coronary and systemic arteries. In the context of the elevated blood volume and total body sodium in a PA patient, this raises blood pressure and acts as the proximate cause of cardiovascular damage. If this is the case, it would appear to offer new insights into therapy for PA. One would be the use of digibindin, or its more recent successors as antagonists of OLFs acting on Na/K ATPase at the vessel wall. A second would be to routinely combine a low dose MR antagonist, an ENaC inhibitor, and sodium restriction as first-line therapy for bilateral aldosterone overproduction. Finally, for unilateral cases post-surgery, there is good reason to include low-dose MRs in drug therapy if required, given the ability of cortisol in damaged blood vessels to mimic aldosterone vasoconstrictor action.
Ultra Low Energy FDSOI Asynchronous Reconfiguration Network for Adaptive Circuits
Authors: Chairat Soundous , Beigne Edith , Miro-Panades Ivan , Belleville Marc
Published: May 2017

This paper introduces a plug-and-play on-chip asynchronous communication network aimed at the dynamic reconfiguration of a low-power adaptive circuit such as an internet of things (IoT) system. By using a separate communication network, we can address both digital and analog blocks at a lower configuration cost, increasing the overall system power efficiency. As reconfiguration only occurs according to specific events and has to be automatically in stand-by most of the time, our design is fully asynchronous using handshake protocols. The paper presents the circuit’s architecture, performance results, and an example of the reconfiguration of frequency locked loops (FLL) to validate our work. We obtain an overall energy per bit of 0.07 pJ/bit for one stage, in a 28 nm Fully Depleted Silicon On Insulator (FDSOI) technology at 0.6 V and a 1.1 ns/bit latency per stage.
Analytical Modelling of Energy Density and Optimization of the EDM Machining Parameters of Inconel 600
Authors: Salcedo Alexia , Arbizu Ignacio , Pérez Carmelo
Published: May 2017

In this present research work, a new modelling of energy density in EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining) is proposed. Energy density can be defined as the amount of energy needed to get a unit volume of material removed, and for its modelling, the whole EDM process has been taken into account. This new definition lets us quantify the energy density that is being absorbed by the workpiece and the electrode. Results are compared to those obtained by die sinking EDM in an Inconel ®600 alloy using Cu-C electrodes. Currently, this material is of great interest for industrial applications in the nuclear, aeronautical and chemical sectors, due to their combinations of good mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and extreme hardness at very high temperatures. The experimental results confirm that the use of negative polarity leads to a higher material removal rate, higher electrode wear and higher surface roughness. Moreover, the optimal condition to obtain a maximum MRR (Material Removal Rate) of 30.49 mm3/min was: 8 A, 100 µs and 0.6, respectively, for the current intensity, pulse time and duty cycle.
TiO2 Nanotubes on Ti Dental Implant. Part 1: Formation and Aging in Hank’s Solution
Authors: Monetta Tullio , Acquesta Annalisa , Carangelo Anna , Bellucci Francesco
Published: May 2017

Self-organized TiO2 nanotube layer has been formed on titanium screws with complex geometry, which are used as dental implants. TiO2 nanotubes film was grown by potentiostatic anodizing in H3PO4 and HF aqueous solution. During anodizing, the titanium screws were mounted on a rotating apparatus to produce a uniform structure both on the peaks and on the valleys of the threads. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and electrochemical characterization were used to evaluate the layer, chemical composition and electrochemical properties of the samples. Aging in Hank’s solution of both untreated and nanotubes covered screw, showed that: (i) samples are covered by an amorphous oxide layer, (ii) the nanotubes increases the corrosion resistance of the implant, and (iii) the presence of the nanotubes catalyses the formation of chemical compounds containing Ca and P.