bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MIGRATION SITUATION AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MIGRANTS IN THE NORTHWESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT
Authors: Sokolova A. A.
Published: September 2023

It is necessary to take into account many factors while creating a migration politics; one should understand the specifics of the territories involved in migration exchange, and study the migrants themselves. The Northwestern Federal District includes eleven regions and each is absolutely unique. The article presents the results of the migration situation analysis of the NWFD and in its regions: the migration growth and the number of departures per 1000 arrivals were considered. The regions can be divided into two groups: regions where there is a decrease in migration (Vologda, Arkhangelsk, Murmansk regions) and regions where is an increase in migration (Saint-Petersburg, NAO, Pskov, Novgorod, Kaliningrad, Leningrad regions). For a better understanding of the migration situation in the regions of the NWFD, we analyzed data on the number of departures per 1000 arrivals. As a result, the regions of the NWFD were divided into three groups: regions where the number of departures is less than the number of arrivals (Leningrad, Kaliningrad, Novgorod, Pskov regions, NAO and St. Petersburg); regions where the number of departures is greater than the number of arrivals (Vologda, Murmansk regions and the Komi Republic); regions where the number of departures is equal to the number of arrivals (the Republic of Karelia and the Arkhangelsk region (without the NAO)). An attempt was also made to compile a socio-demographic portrait of a migrant from the NWFD. We took into account the gender, age and educational characteristics of migrants. The most dynamically moving groups of the population, both among incoming and outgoing migrants, are people of working age, women with higher education. The analysis showed that, in general, the NWFD is attractive for migrants, but this statement could not be used for all regions. Delving into the specifics of the regions, it becomes clear that not all subjects of the district are attractive, and these regions attract migrants with different socio-demographic characteristics.
THE ROLE OF ADVANCED LEARNING IN THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING RUSSIAN АS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE (using the example of studying the statives)
Authors: Nekipelova I. M. , Minasyan S. M. , Nekipelov E. Sh.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the research of the mechanism of advanced learning in the methodology of teaching the Russian language as a foreign language at apreparatory course of university. The research revealed that it is necessary to pay attention to the factors of intellectual and cultural sensitivity in teaching citizens of foreign countries the Russian language as a foreign language. This is primarily due to the fact that intellectual sensitivity is due to the arbitrary regulation of higher mental activity and the awareness of mental functions and states. Intellectual sensitivity is responsible for the abstract reworking of theoretical and practical language material. Cultural sensitivity is responsible for the ability to assimilate and accept knowledge characteristic of a different culture, including linguistic ones. Living in a depleted environment that has a damaged effect on intelligence significantly slows down the development of a different culture and non-native language. Both of these factors should be evidence that logical, analytical and critical thinking should have already been formed by the time they start learning a foreign language. The research showed that advanced learning can be effectively used, firstly, when students master large and complex topics that require time resources. Secondly, the method of advanced learning must be used in the process of mastering such grammatical categories that are poorly represented or absent in the native languages of students. One of the most difficult categories for foreign students is the category of state - one of the central mental categories in the thinking of Russian people. At the end of the research, it was concluded that the category of state is quite successfully mastered by foreign students if the material they study is given with a multiple advance in relation to the main topic. This is evidence that advanced learning contributes to the qualitative and successful interiorization of new language material, characterized by indicators such as long-term, spontaneity and unmistakable.
TO THE QUESTION OF ANALYSIS OF MACHINE TRANSLATION TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Oshanova E. S. , Dekterev V. N.
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the issue of the efficiency of translation by means of machine translation systems. The relevance of the work is related to the importance of a comprehensive analysis of machine translation systems and a detailed description of popular and well-known online translators. Scientific work in the field of machine translation is an important and urgent task, aimed at achieving equivalent translations and contributing to the solution of many applied problems associated with the development and formation of a new communication environment. In this paper, we will consider such concepts as “machine translation”, “translation equivalence”, and study machine translation systems. This article presents translation services such as the domestic service PROMT.One, the American Google Translate, as well as the German service DeepL. These services are considered leading translators with extensive features and options, and they are indispensable tools for language learning and working with foreign languages today. Thanks to machine translation systems, translations become more affordable and easier, since machine translation performs word-for-word translations that require only post-editing. However, incorrectly translated word-for-word translations can be misleading for specialists, especially inexperienced ones. It should be noted that the machine translation systems available perform translations of different quality, as a consequence, evaluation of the quality of the text translation of any orientation allows to identify the most appropriate servicefor use in any field of application.
Contiguity of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Agricultural Approaches
Authors: Shekhar Gargi , Shukla Sanjay Kumar , Narang Happy
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Conventional techniques applied for the agricultural field work is being mechanized but is still not human friendly. Most of the traditional methods of sowing, surveillance monitoring, disease detection and post-harvest management involves a lot of drudgery and is time consuming and sometimes is also hazardous in nature when application of chemicals like fertilizers, weedicides, pesticides etc. is applied on the crop canopy. Utilization of drone techniques is newest invention that is being employed in doing agricultural activities as it leads to efficient performance and is time intensive for better agri-practices. The present study was an attempt to conceptualize the various agricultural techniques that can be performed through unmanned aerial vehicles. The features of quadcopter and hexacopter were also studied for flight uptake and payloads. The hexacopter was found better employed in agricultural activities like surveillance, monitoring, seed sowing, chemical application, disease detection and also in post harvest management of agricultural produce including storage, package and delivery of the products. Overall it was seen that utilization of drone technologies in agricultural work could be very productive and the gross income of the farmers and growers will also increase after implementation of this technology.
MENTORING AS A TOOL FOR PERSONNEL ADAPTATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Kuban State University, Kanaev Alexander
Published: September 2023

In today's rapidly changing world, professional development has become an integral part of personal growth. Improving existing skills, learning new competencies, or setting career goals can make it difficult for a new employee to adapt and develop. The use of mentoring will contribute to the gradual inclusion of an employee in the work process in new professional, psychophysiological, socio-psychological, organizational-administrative, economic, sanitary-hygienic and living conditions of work and recreation. However, very often many HR specialists confuse the concepts of «mentoring» and «mentoring». This article will consider the concept of «mentoring», highlight its advantages and disadvantages, consider the system of motivation for a mentor, global trends in mentoring, as well as analyze the experience of Russian organizations where this tool for personnel development is already used, as well as how it can help in the development of other organizations, methods are proposed to evaluate the results and effectiveness implementation of mentoring in organizations.
IMPACT OF DIGITAL TWIN TECHNOLOGY ON THE PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES OF ENTERPRISES
Authors:   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovski University, Klimenko Alexander
Published: September 2023

Technology is evolving at a rapid pace and each new technology has a wide range of applications. In the last few years, digitalisation has developed rapidly and plays an important role in Industry 4.0. However, not all organisations or industries are equipped with the latest technology to implement digitalisation. This article identifies the major challenges in the process of implementing digital technology in the closed loop manufacturing process.
TURKISH ADAPTATION OF ADVENTURE BEHAVIOR SEEKING SCALE: A VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY
Authors: GÜNGÖRMÜŞ Hamdi Alper , YUMUK Elvan Deniz , GÜRBÜZ Bülent
Published: September 2023

In the current study, the aim is to test the validity and reliability of “Adventure Behavior Seeking Scale (T-ABSS)” developed to evaluate the adventure behaviors of individuals in the natural spaces in the Turkish population.

The psychometrics of the scale was tested with the participation of 239 males (Meanage = 27.53 ± 7.90) and 126 females (Meanage = 24.52 ± 6.17) in total 365 individuals who participate in the activities in nature. As the data collecting tool, “Adventure Behavior Seeking Scale” developed by Próchniak (2017) consisting of 8 items and one factor was used. To test convergent validity of T-ABSS, “Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS)” was used. The main assumptions of parametric tests which are normality, linearity and homogeneity of variances were tested. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to test the structural validity of the scale. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to validate the emerged factor structure. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation analysis was conducted for the convergent validity. To test the reliability of T-ABSS, Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient was used.

EFA results show that the Turkish form of the scale consists of 2 factors and 7 items, and they predict 58.76% of total variance. Since one of the items’ factor load was under 0.30, it was excluded from the study. CFA results carried out to test the two-factor structure of scale revealed the model fit indices are between acceptable and perfect indices limits with “χ2/df= 3.10, GFI= 0.97, AGFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, NFI=0.93, SRMR=0.05, RMSEA=0.076”. It was found that the factor loads of the scale are between 0.57 and 0.75, and their Cronbach Alpha coefficients are between 0.70 and 0.71. As a result of the analysis to determine the convergent validity, it was found there is statistically positive correlation between “Sensation Seeking Scale” and T-ABSS. The obtained values indicate the convergent validity of T-ABSS is acceptable.

The obtained results indicate that the Turkish version of ABSS (T-ABSS) has a two-factor structure, and it is a valid and reliable measurement tool to evaluate adventure behavior seeking levels of participants.
End of the Oikumene: A Very Short History of the Russian Far East
Authors:   Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnology Far-Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai (Russia), Kradin Nikolay
Published: September 2023

There are many parts of the world that do not receive much attention outside of their own resident peoples. This is an anomaly of history and its measurements of value. Why should Niagara Falls or Victoria Falls have more name-recognition than the spectacular waterfall of Ilya Muromets in the Kuril Islands? Why Paris or Capetown instead of Irkutsk? Of course, this is a complex question involving population density, songs, and travel literature! But in terms of big history and universal studies, why should one place be privileged over others? For example, the literary scholar, Gary Lawless, directly addresses this question in his article on bioregionalism and big history for his own geographic home in the Gulf of Maine, while historian Craig Benjamin assesses the significance and survival of an even more focused area – Jericho in the West Bank of Palestine. So too, I wish to offer a contribution to the argument that our entire planet and all of humanity and life are of significance. Here, therefore is a brief but big history of my homeland.
The General Law of Being. Article 2: The Being of Differentiation and Its Arising Issues
Authors:   Asian Big History Association, Chen Ye
Published: September 2023

This is Article 2 in a series about the General Law of Being, a science philosophy introduced by Chinese scholar Wang Dongyue twenty years ago and then expanded upon by Chen Ye, who linked it to other scientific and philosophical traditions, as well as to Big History. We encourage readers to review the first article in the previous issue of the Journal of Big History 6 (1). As addressed in Article 1, all entities in the universe – beings – are finite, interdependent, and interrelated.
Prospects of using hybrid local coordinate systems based on SCS-2011
Authors: Obidenko V.I.
Published: September 2023

The author presents the results of an experiment on the practical implementation of the methodology for creating a hybrid local coordinate system LCS_2011(95), based on SCS-2011, where flat rectangular coordinates coincide with similar ones in CS-95. The study was carried out in the Novosibirsk oblast, the territory of which is located within three 6° coordinate zones SCS-2011 (CS-95). It is shown that in order to create a LCS_2011(95) in a region that includes several such areas, it is required to use transformation algorithms adequate in terms of accuracy. The research confirmed high accuracy of creating a LCS_2011(95) in the territory located within three mentioned zones. The parameters of the orthogonal transition between SCS-2011 and LCS_2011(95) enabled making transformation of planned coordinates between these coordinate systems with a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 7 cm. An independent assessment of the accuracy of the parameters, carried out by recalculating with their use from SCS-2011 to LCS_2011(95) the coordinates of 335 SGN control points, which were obtained through the satellite method in SCS-2011, confirmed the result. The RMSE of transforming the planned coordinates of 335 control points of the SGN from SCS-2011 to LCS_2011(95) was 8 cm. Prospects for using LCS for the conservation of spatial data funds created in CS-95, including those in territories extending in longitude for several 6° SCS-2011 (CS-95) coordinate zones, are shown
Methods of assessing cartographic production
Authors: Orlov M.Yu. , Vereschaka T.V.
Published: September 2023

The article deals with creating a methodology for assessing cartographic production; the study showed that political, economic, scientific and technical factors make the main influence over its development. The relevance of the research is due to modern requirements for an objective display of production development, the progress and regression of which is evidenced by the change in quantitative indicators over time. The methodology is based on the analysis of the identified quantitative indicators, such as releasing cartographic products (for the entire history of development) and their abrupt changes, defined by the author as its indicators, which enable determining the degree of the factors influence. A weighted point assessment of the impact of the political, economic, scientific and technical determinant on cartographic production in the period under review was obtained; that made it possible to construct and visualize an integrated graphic model in the period from 1705 to the present. To compare the results, an expert approach to evaluation of production is proposed; it is expressed by experts in the rational arrangement of the problem analysis with the quantitative assessment of judgments and processing of their results. An assessment of cartographic production in Russia is carried out based on the developed methodology at all stages of historical development
Development of a Multipurpose atlas of Perm city, RF
Authors: Pyankov S.V. , Bazhukova N.V. , Konyshev E. V. , Luchnikov A. S. , Polyakova Y.R. , Popova Yu. V. , Sannikov P.Yu. , Shikhov A.N.
Published: September 2023

Multipurpose atlas mapping of cities is an important field, the development of which has not been paid sufficient attention in recent years. In the year of the 300th anniversary of the city, its first multipurpose atlas is being developed at the Perm State University. The purpose of this work is to raise the public interest in history and geography of the city. The structure of the future atlas is traditional and includes five sections
Valorização de funcionários e funcionárias da educação básica
Authors: Fernandes Dourado Luiz , Cabral de Monlevade Joao Antonio , Diniz Barbosa Ribeiro Rosselini
Published: September 2023

Os diversos dispositivos políticos para a valorização dos/das funcionários/as da educação básica sinalizam avanços nas lutas históricas para a categoria, entre os quais destacamos: a Emenda Constitucional nº 53/2006, cujo art. 206 estabelece a valorização dos/das profissionais da educação escolar, garantindo, na forma da lei, planos de carreira com ingresso exclusivamente por concurso público de provas e títulos a profissionais das redes públicas; a Lei nº 12.014/2009, que reconhece os/as funcionários/as da categoria III habilitados/as como profissionais da educação; o Decreto nº 7.415/2010, que instituiu o Profuncionário; a Lei n 13.005/2014, que aprovou o Plano Nacional de Educação; o Decreto n° 8.752/2016, que dispôs sobre a política nacional de formação dos/das profissionais da educação básica; e a Resolução CNE/CES nº 2/2016, que definiu as diretrizes curriculares nacionais para a formação inicial e continuada em nível superior para funcionários/as da educação básica. Após o golpe de 2016 que depôs a presidenta Dilma, vários retrocessos se efetivaram no campo das políticas educacionais e também na valorização de profissionais da educação. Analisar os retrocessos, o cenário atual e os desafios para a formação dos/das funcionários/as da educação básica constitui o cerne desta entrevista com José Valdivino de Moraes, Fátima Cleide Rodrigues da Silva e Horácio Francisco dos Reis Filho.
First record of egg burying behaviour in Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 highlights the link between direct development and specialized parenting strategies in frogs
Authors: Angiolani-Larrea Francesca , Jindiachi Lelis , Tinajero-Romero Jose , Valencia-Aguilar Anyelet , Garrido-Priego Marina , Culebras Jaime , Ringler Eva
Published: September 2023

We report the first case of egg burying behaviour in a neotropical
direct-developing frog. An amplectant pair of Pristimantis chocoensis
was found and we recorded oviposition and the subsequent burying of the
clutch by the female. Both parents remained near the nest during the
following day. This rare observation sheds light over the intricate
reproductive behaviours of terrestrial amphibians and suggests that the
evolution of direct development has selected for highly specialized
forms of parenting.
Analysis of Neurotransmitter Pathways by Protein-protein Interaction and Gene Ontology in Cognitive Process of Decision Making
Authors: Nurman Irzan , Mujihartini Ninik , Ibrahim Nurhadi , Mansyur Muchtaruddin , Fadilah Fadilah , Erlina Linda
Published: September 2023

Cognitive processes play a role in decision making, which involves
processing stimuli, memory of experiences and working memory. Cognitive
processes involve the role of neurotransmitters that support
physiological and executive processes. In decision making there is also
a role for neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline
and glutamate. This research was carried out using a molecular mechanism
prediction approach using machine learning with protein-protein
interactions from the GeneCards database followed by interactions using
Cytoscape and enrichment analysis. The results of predictions of
molecular mechanisms in decision making show that there are 21 genes
encoding neurotransmitter, serotonin, intention process, prefrontal
cortex, frontal asymmetry and decision making functions. Enrichment
analysis and intersections between genes involved in the functions above
show that HTR2A, SCL6A4 and COMT are genes that influence decision
making. That biological process, cellular component and molecular
function have three protein HTR2A, SLC6A4, COMT. The gene encoding the
serotonin transporter (SLC6A4), the serotonin 2A receptor gene (HTR2A).
The 5-HTT (SLC6A4) is mainly located in the pre-synaptic membrane of the
raphe nuclei neurons, which innervate many areas of the brain involved
in cognition, mood and behaviour and the relationship between
decision-making and executive function is sensitive to genetic
factors—particularly COMT provide support for the cross-task
adaptation of executive functions to domain-general cognitive ability.
The conclusion of the prediction results is that the serotonergic system
within corticolimbic structures, HTT and HTR2A, with a few exceptions,
is involved in various forms of decision making.
Valence of auditory words enhances subsequent recognition and facilitates processing of written words: ERP and behavioral evidence.
Authors: PAN Yen-Lin , Bolger Deirdre , Frenck-Mestre Cheryl
Published: September 2023

The present study combined behavioral measures and EEG to investigate
the impact of emotional valence on both auditory and written word
processing. Participants were first presented with a series of auditory
words with varying emotional valence (positive, neutral and negative)
produced in neutral tone, which they rated according to valence level.
Subsequently they performed a surprise recognition task with written
stimuli (half being foils). Our results revealed a significant
valence/arousal effect on word recognition; written words with
high-arousal and either positive or negative valence were recognized
with higher accuracy compared to low-arousal neutral ones. EEG analyses
revealed an effect of valence only for words presented in written
format; no effects were found for auditory words. For written words,
both positive and negative valence elicited a larger P2 response in
comparison to neutral valence, indicating allocation of attentional
resources. Critically, a reduced N400 was observed only for negative
words, suggesting facilitated processing of unpleasant information
perhaps due to better encoding during the auditory presentation.
Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the cognitive
mechanisms involved in integrating emotional information presented in
distinct modalities, shedding light on the influence of valence on word
recognition.
The Role of Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) Program on Diary Farmers in Mbarara District-A Descriptive Perspective
Authors: Mpangwire Violah , Musiita Benjamin , Akisimire Richard
Published: September 2023

Helping subsistence farmers make the leap into commercial agriculture was the driving force behind OWC or Operation Wealth Creation. The purpose of this research was to assess how the OWC program has affected the Mbarara area, dairy producers. The researchers used a descriptive study strategy and surveyed 161 dairy producers. There was a dramatic drop in poverty from 68 percent to 47 percent as a result of the 70.2% increase in milk output (using the poverty line criteria of $1.90 per day). This indicates that a majority of dairy producers (53.3%) have successfully adopted the use of currency. The major source of income in the Mbarara area is dairy farming, which is the focus of this study and sets it apart from previous studies. The advantages might be increased by enhancing post-harvest handling practices, particularly by finding ways to get the most out of milking equipment. The government should also emphasize the construction of auxiliary factories that can raise milk's value and increase the number of goods made from it. These efforts might increase agricultural productivity and decrease poverty while providing job possibilities for industrialists and farmers.
Ecumenical expressivism: The Frege-Geach problem and the open question argument
Authors: Milevski Voin
Published: September 2023

This paper examines the position of ecumenical expressivism, a metaethical theory according to which moral judgments simultaneously express an individual?s sentiment of (dis)approval towards objects, actions, and practices instantiating certain properties, as well as their belief that these objects, actions, and practices instantiate the mentioned properties. After a detailed exposition of the central tenets of this philosophical position, we will analyze how successfully it can address the threat posed by the modified version of the open-question argument and whether it can resolve the famous Frege-Geach problem, which is rightly considered the most serious obstacle to adopting any form of expressivism. The conclusion of this analysis is that the claim that ecumenical expressivism can be considered a superior position compared to non-ecumenical forms of expressivist and cognitivist views is unjustified. This contrasts with the case of ecumenical cognitivism, where such a claim finds stronger support.
How to concieve republic: Four visions
Authors: Krstic Predrag
Published: September 2023

The work points to irreconcilable differences and internal tensions that under the term ?republic? are inherited, primarily, by the eighteenth century, which was favorable to it. Those disagreements and ambivalences, which determine modern theory to a good extent, are presented, respectively, through understandings of the republic in the Enlightenment, romanticism, republicanism and in the tradition of the ?republic of letters?. It is concluded that the emancipatory potential that is invested in the republic, if it has the same or a similar point of resistance - for example: monarchy, church domination of social life, what was once called the concise catchphrase ?throne and altar?, the abolition of privatized and/or particular decision-making monopolies and all misconceptions, prejudices, and the authorities that legitimize them - did not have at all the same or a similar vision of the desirable state after the coup has taken place, that is, in the name of what the republic should be established.
Deceived by Elevated A1C: Cases of Misdiagnosed Diabetes
Authors: Munch Lauridsen Kasper , Støy Julie , Winther-Larsen Anne , Abildgaard Anders
Published: September 2023

A1C is an integrated biomarker for diagnosing diabetes and evaluating glycemic control in people with an established diabetes diagnosis. It has been recommended as one of the diagnostic screening criteria for more than a decade, both by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) (1–3). However, the use of A1C as a diagnostic and monitoring tool is not without pitfalls. Conditions associated with increased or decreased erythrocyte turnover affect the A1C fraction (4), and in such cases, A1C may not reflect true average plasma glucose (5,6). Furthermore, analytical interference with A1C may occur because of genetic hemoglobin variants or metabolic alterations of hemoglobin (e.g., acetylation by acetylsalicylic acid) (7,8).
National prevalence of diabetes and barriers to care among U.S. farmworkers and associations with migrant worker status
Authors: M. Olson Rose , P. Nolan Cody , Limaye Neha P. , Osei Miriam , Palazuelos Daniel
Published: September 2023

Objectives. To quantify the prevalence of diabetes and barriers to care in U.S. migrant farmworkers (i.e., who travel from their permanent residence for seasonal farmwork).

Research Design and Methods. Age-adjusted prevalence of self-reported diabetes and barriers to care were calculated in adult U.S. farmworkers from 2008-2017 National Agricultural Workers Surveys. Results. Among 16,913 farmworkers, 30.7% reported one or more barriers to care, most often cost. Age-adjusted self-reported prevalence of diabetes was 13.51% (95% CI 10.0 – 17.1) amongst migrants and 10.8% (95% CI 9.0 – 12.6) amongst non-migrants with access to healthcare. Migrants without recent access had 83% lower odds of reporting diabetes (aOR 0.17, 95% CI 0.06 – 0.54) compared to non-migrants, likely due to poor healthcare access and/or a healthy worker effect.

Conclusion. Many migrant farmworkers face barriers to care which may lead to significant underdiagnosis of diabetes in this vulnerable population.
Mapping Rights in Coastal Sami Seascapes
Authors: Brattland Camilla
Published: September 2023

With the help of two recent Sami rights reports, this article identifies and discusses challenges for research and government in Norway related to indigenous fishery rights issues. Both the Coastal Fishing Commission and the Sami Rights Commission reports address how to accommodate local and indigenous rights to harvest marine resources within the national fisheries management regime. A thorough rights identification and mapping process of existing private and collective rights to marine resources is proposed. Until recently little research into fisheries from a Sami perspective and the customary use of fjords and coastal areas in Norway has been done. The article examines historical and current knowledge used in the two reports to meet the challenge of indigenous fishery rights issues, and how these claims were met by the Norwegian government. The author argues more research on the customary use of the seascape is needed, combining local knowledge with community participation to fill knowledge gaps in marine resources rights issues.Keywords: Coastal Sami, indigenous fishing rights, national fisheries management, seascape, mapping, local knowledge.Citation: Arctic Review on Law and Politics, vol. 1, 1/2010 p. 28–53. ISSN 1891-6252
Retten til fiske i havet utenfor Finnmark
Authors: Smith Carsten
Published: September 2023

The rights to marine fishing outside Finnmark in North Norway Fishing in the ocean outside Finnmark – particularly in the fiords and coastal waters – has through centuries been a basis for the coastal Sami (”Sea sami”) villages and culture. These Sami are part of the Sami people who are the indigenous people of Norway. The resource situation in the ocean fisheries has in the last decades necessitated regulations with special permissions and quotas. This article discusses whether the coastal Sami in Finnmark – the most Northern county of Norway – has a right to fishing based on international law and irrespective of the national regulations. The discussion deals with the report of 2008 from the coastal fisheries commission that presented draft legislation prescribing extended quota rights for people living along the coast of Finnmark. Moreover, people living in the fiords should have a priority right for fishing in their fiord. A main point is also whether the non-Sami inhabitants of Finnmark shall benefit from the indigenous right to fishing which is answered positively. The draft furthermore proposes establishing a county authority with special fisheries powers. The last part of the article is a discussion with the Attorney General who has criticized the use of international law in the commission report. The author of the article chaired the commission and had the main responsibility for the international law part.Keywords: Fishing rights, Sami rights, indigenous law, county authority, Attorney GeneralCitation: Arctic Review on Law and Politics, vol. 1, 1/2010 p. 4–27. ISSN 1891-6252
Norwegian Baselines, Maritime Boundaries and the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea
Authors: Geirr Harsson Bjørn , Preiss George
Published: September 2023

With the signing of the recent agreement with Russia concerning the maritime boundary in the Barents Sea, it can finally be said that all the maritime delimitation lines with which Norway is concerned have been equitably resolved in accordance with the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This paper reviews the events, difficulties, survey procedures and solutions that have led to the completion of the Norwegian maritime boundary definitions. The various UNCLOS concepts of baselines and maritime domains (Territorial Waters, the Contiguous Zone, and the Exclusive Economic Zone) are explained, and reference is made to important national and international decrees and judgments that have been made over the years. Particular attention is drawn to the impact and importance of geodetic considerations on maritime boundary definitions. Practical consequences have arisen through not taking these geodetic impacts into account, especially since the advent of satellite navigation systems has enabled much improved positioning accuracy out of sight of land, while enormous natural resources have been identified and are being extracted from national maritime domains. The article gives an account of the solutions to these geodetic difficulties that have been negotiated with neighbouring nations.Keywords: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, UNCLOS, base- line, territorial sea, contiguous zone, Exclusive Economic Zone = EEZ, maritime boundaries, geodetic datum, Norway, Jan Mayen, Svalbard, Bouvet Island.Citation: Arctic Review on Law and Politics, vol. 3, 1/2012 p. 108–129. ISSN 1891-6252
The Coastal Sámi of Norway and their rights to traditional marine livelihood
Authors: Pedersen Steinar
Published: September 2023

The coastal Sámi of Norway have, for thousands of years and long before the Norwegian state was established, relied on a wide range of marine and terrestrial resources. Due to increased public regulations over the past few decades, it has become difficult to continue their traditional livelihood, combining fishery in local seawaters with husbandry or other local industries on land. Fish quotas have been made tradable, and so to a large extent transferred outside the local communities. This article presents a short historical background, and discusses two legal documents from the 18th century, which are relevant for coastal fishery rights in northernmost Norway. The first is the Lapp Codicil of 1751, which may pertain to the coastal Sámi today when its founding principle – the preservation of the “Lappish Nation” (Sámi Nation) – is duly considered. The other document is the Land Acquisition Decree of 1775, which included a formalization of the sea-fishing rights of the inhabitants of Finnmark.Keywords: Coastal Sámi, Finnmark, ancient use, sea-fishing rights, Lapp Codicil (1751), Land Acquisition Decree (1775), UN Declaration on indigenous rights (2007).Citation: Arctic Review on Law and Politics, vol. 3, 1/2012 p. 51–80. ISSN 1891-6252
Unpredictable Consequences of Sámi Self-determination: Rethinking the legal protection of Sámi cultural heritage in Norway
Authors: Myrvoll Marit , Thuestad Alma , Rose Myrvoll Elin , Holm-Olsen Inger Marie
Published: September 2023

Sámi cultural heritage is protected in Norway by the Cultural Heritage Act. A 1978 amendment to this Act provides automatic protection to all Sámi cultural heritage sites and buildings older than 100 years. Strong legal protection has in a very positive and constructive way contributed to Sámi identity and cultural self-determination for more than 30 years. This article discusses the current level of protection and different scenarios for future management of Sámi cultural heritage sites and buildings. Background material includes The Norwegian National Sites and Monuments Record, relevant policy documents, and interviews with Sámi cultural heritage management and three Sámi municipalities. Our results demonstrate that strong legislation for protection of Sámi cultural heritage, and thus in favour of Sámi cultural rights, can contribute to severe restrictions on future planning and development in local communities. The intent to protect Sámi cultural heritage sites, paradoxically, may in future threaten traditional Sámi land use. Keywords: Sámi, cultural heritage, cultural heritage management, Norwegian Cultural Heritage Act (1978), protected sites, Nordland, Troms, Finnmark.Citation: Arctic Review on Law and Politics, vol. 3, 1/2012 p. 30–50. ISSN 1891-6252
Heavy Metal Concentration in Mangrove Soils under Sonneratia caseolaris Trees: The Case of Kampung Kuantan Fireflies Park
Authors: Nyangon Laurna , Gandaseca Seca , Wahid Samsuri Abdul Wahid , Alias Mohamad Azani
Published: September 2023

The local ecosystem potentiality is pressurized by the getting up heavy metal concentrations, especially in Kampung Kuantan Fireflies Park. This mangrove forest park, which is dominated by Sonneratia caseolaris, is a well-known place to visit for people who like nature in Kuala Selangor Peninsular Malaysia. However, the investigations on heavy metal concentration in mangrove soils under S. caseolaris are still limited.  This study aims to find out the concentration of heavy metal in mangrove soil under S. caseolaris.  The soil samples were taken from under S. caseolaris trees zone. Five plots were built up on mangrove soils through the Selangor River. Five sub-plots, each measuring 2 m ´ 2 m, were made for sample collection in each plot. The heavy metal contents and the geo-accumulation index (I-geo) were evaluated. As the results, the concentration of heavy metals on soils such as zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and cadmium (Cd) under the S. caseolaris trees of 240.24 mg/kg, 6.89 mg/kg, 25.46 mg/kg, 34.88 mg/kg, and 0.14 mg/kg, respectively.  The I-geo ratio indicated that the soils have low heavy metal deposits, with Cd having the lowest concentration and Zn having the highest. There is a significant difference between Zn and Cr concentrations on the soils in five plots, but there are no significant differences for Cu, Pb, and Cd. In general, the heavy metal contents throughout the sampling area were considered not polluted, since the amount of trace elements in the soil was relatively low compared to the average limit.
Keywords: heavy metal, Kampung Kuantan Fireflies Park, Kuala Selangor, mangrove, Sonneratia caseolaris
Positive Expression of 3-Nitrotyrosine in The Amniotic Membrane as A Risk Factor for Preterm Labor
Authors: Wiradnyana Anak Agung Gede Putra , Jaya Kusuma Anak Agung Ngurah , Darmayasa I Made , Artana Putra I Wayan , Winata I Gde Sastra , Sardeva I Nyoman Rake Genatra
Published: September 2023

Oxidative stress is a risk factor for preterm labor. 3-Nitrotyrosine is a marker of oxidative stress that can be found in the amniotic membrane. This study was conducted with the aim of understanding the pathophysiology of preterm labor for screening and management of preterm labor and its impact. This study was conducted by collecting patients with preterm pregnancies as samples and term delivery as controls who came to the delivery room of the ER Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar and Network Hospital of Udayana University in the period from November 2020 to February 2021. This is an analytical study using a case control design. Based on the analysis, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) between the case and control groups. The group of patients with positive 3-NT expression had an 8.31 times chance of experiencing preterm delivery compared to the group of patients with negative 3-NT expression.
E6/E7 Oncogenes Mutation of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Associated with P16 Protein Expression in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Mahendra I Nyoman Bayu , Budiana I Nyoman Gede , Putra I Gede Mega , Mulyana Ryan Saktika , Winata I Gde Sastra , Harjoto Budi Setiawan
Published: September 2023

The genetic composition of the E6 and E7 oncogenes is very susceptible to mutation. Mutations occur due to interactions between the viral genome and the host. Changes in one nucleotide oncogenes E6 and E7 can affect the function of these oncogenes so that they can trigger the persistence of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer progression in several intratypic variants of HPV type 16 and alteration p16 expression in cervical cancer cases. This study was conducted on cervical cancer women first diagnosed from May 2021 to November 2021 who had not received surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. Willing to participate in the study after signing the informed consent. Cervical tissue samples with a positive test result for HPV 16 were then grouped based on the mutation sequencing of E6 and E7 into a wild-type group and a mutant group. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical examination was carried out to assess the expression of p16 protein in paraffin blocks. The results of this study showed that there was no association between mutations in the E6 and E7 oncogenes of HPV Type 16 with p16 expression (c= 0.048 and p value 0.78). The expression of p16 was stronger in the mutant group with the median percentage of cells from p16 immunohistochemistry staining which was 60.5% (range 3-73%) in the mutant group and 53% (range 2-65%) in the wild type of group. However, the correlation coefficient interval between HPV type 16 and E6 oncogene mutations with p16 protein expression is very weak.
High Apoptotic Index in Amniotic Membrane of Pregnant Women is A Risk Factor for Preterm Labor
Authors: Wiradnyana Anak Agung Gede Putra , Jaya Kusuma Anak Agung Ngurah , Anantasika Anak Agung Ngurah , Darmayasa I Made , Mulyana Ryan Saktika , Kornia Gde Bagus Rizky
Published: September 2023

This study aims to prove a high apoptotic index in the amniotic membrane as a risk factor for preterm Labor. Case-control study, comparing preterm and term groups (n=54) who underwent labor in Obstetrics Emergency Room, Sanglah Central General Hospital Denpasar, Bali. Apoptotic index is a method of identifying and assessing the quantity of tissue undergoing apoptosis, which in this study was the amniotic membrane tissue, calculated and stained using the TUNEL method. Data collected was subjected to further statistical tests. Normality test with Shapiro Wilk test, followed by parametric independent T-test and Mann Whitney test was performed. Cut off apoptotic index was determined using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Bivariate analysis with Chi-square test and calculation of odds ratio was performed to assess the high apoptotic index to the risk of preterm Labor. Statistical significance was obtained with p value <0.05. Based on the cut-off value of ROC, the apoptotic index was classified into high (≥37.5%) and low (<37.5%) apoptotic index. A high apoptotic index is a risk factor for preterm Labor and increases the risk 6 times greater than the group with a low apoptotic index (p=0.003; OR 5.714; 95% CI 1.764–18.507). High apoptotic index in the amniotic membranes of pregnant women is a risk factor for preterm Labor.
Vaginal Ozone Insufflation in Management of Vaginal Candidiasis
Authors: Sanjaya I Nyoman Hariyasa , Pemayun Cokorda istri Mirayani
Published: September 2023

The vagina of a woman is a sophisticated microecology system. Typically, the H2O2-producing Lactobacillus dominates the vaginal microbiota of healthy women. This bacterium converts glycogen in vaginal epithelial cells into lactic acid, sustaining the vagina's natural acidic environment. Understanding the substantial correlation between the vaginal and upper genital tract microbiota and vaginal and genital tract infections has led to an interest in these areas. However, the spectrum of microbial types consistent with a functioning genital tract and the variables influencing the flora remains perplexing. The most prevalent gynecological condition seen in primary care, vaginitis caused by Candida albicans, is a significant public health concern due to its high frequency. Candidal vulvovaginitis, also known as vaginal thrush and vaginal yeast infection, is an overgrowth of yeast in the vagina that irritates. Ozone treatment has made its way into German medical practice, where it is successfully applied to treat several disorders. Medical ozone's qualities, such as its bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, analgesic, and other effects, have been utilized in therapy, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, dermatology, stomatology, and the treatment of infectious and venereal illnesses. During ozone treatment or therapy, a catheter was used to insufflate an ozone/oxygen gas mixture into the female reproductive system. They were completed continuously by attaching a catheter to the ozone output hose and allowing the ozone/oxygen gas mix to flow for the allotted time. Based on clinical and microbiological evidence, the effectiveness standards Complete clinical and microbiological recovery observable clinical symptoms that are objective. The vaginal mucous membrane was free of inflammatory disorders following treatment, and vaginal cultures were negative.
Characteristics of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2021
Authors: Budiana I Nyoman Gede , Megadhana I Wayan , Putra Wiradnyana Anak Agung Gede , Kornia Gde Bagus Rizky
Published: September 2023

GTD is a rare abnormal condition of pregnancy, where the condition occurs when trophoblast cells proliferate uncontrollably so that it develops into an abnormal pregnancy. Abnormal pregnancy can lead to various negative effects such as vaginal bleeding, shortness of breath, and others. The high incidence of GTD is still not well documented to date. It is important to manage GTD appropriately to minimize acute complications and identify gestational trophoblastic tumor promptly. In this study, studyers took data from the oncogynecology register book regarding GTD and then presented it as descriptive data so that descriptive data analysis was carried out in the form of tables and narratives. The results of this study showed that GTD was highest in the age range of 31-35 years, parity 2, clinical symptoms of vaginal bleeding, previous pregnancy history with hydatidiform mole, gestational interval of 4 months or less, β-HCG level more than 100.000 mIU/ml, no metastases, histopathology of complete hydatidiform mole, stage I GTD, and receiving metrotrexate chemotherapy.
Preventing Violations of Religious and Social Norms: Judicial Interpretation of 'Urgent Reasons' in Marriage Dispensation at the Wonosari Religious Court, Indonesia
Authors: Rohman Taufiqur , Mahsus Muhammad , Abduh Muhammad , Arnone Gioia
Published: September 2023

Early marriage in Indonesia has garnered attention from international forums, urging the eradication of this practice to safeguard children’s rights. Despite national regulations raising the minimum age of marriage to 19 for both males and females, this practice persists due to legal loopholes allowing marriage dispensations granted by the court. Utilizing a socio-legal approach, this article analyzes 14 verdicts from the Wonosari Religious Court in 2022. The authors find that religious judges employ juridical, theological, psychological, and sociological argumentations in approving marriage dispensations based on three reasons presented by applicants. Among these reasons, two are granted not based on ‘urgent reasons’ but rather on interpretations of Islamic law and prevailing social norms. In-depth interviews with four religious judges handling these cases reveal variations in interpreting ‘urgent reasons’ in the context of marriage dispensations. The authors argue that the interpretation of ‘urgent reasons’ should prioritize the best interests of the child rather than merely considering potential violations of religious and social norms. This study provides profound insights into the dynamics of legal interpretation in the marriage dispensation decision-making process.