bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wealth Code Unlocked: The Combined Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Intelligence Quotient
Authors: Kabir Raeed A , Nahar Jebun , Sengar Ritesh , Kabir Azad A.
Published: July 2021

Intellectual quotient (IQ) is a measure of intellectual “ability” of performing, comprehension, and learning. Previous study reported that intelligence measures predict various measures of job performance and income. Emotional intelligence (EI) is the capacity of awareness, controlling and expression of one's emotions, seeking more feedback, and managing one's emotion to handle interpersonal relationships judiciously and empathically. These characteristics are also important for personal and professional success. Objective: This study tests a hypothesis whether the average national income rank is best predicted by the combined effect of the population's average intelligence quotient (one's ability to perform and learn) and emotional intelligence (emotional ability to express and handle interpersonal relationships). Method: The population average intelligence quotient, emotional intelligence, and indices of good governance, which include corruption perception index and educational expenses for each country were obtained from public data sources. The outcome variable for this study was the average national income rank. All the variables that are significant in univariate analysis were included in the multivariate regression analyses but excluded from the final model if not significant. Result: The total number of countries included in the final analysis was 81 because of missing values in different variables. The product of intelligent quotient (IQ) scores and emotional intelligence (EI) were found highly correlated at -0.75 ( p <0.05) with the national average income rank. The independent effect of intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional intelligence (EI) was found not significant when their interaction effect (the product of IQ and EI) was introduced in the model. The R square value for the multivariate model with the interaction effect of intelligence quotient (IQ) and emotional intelligence (EI) was the highest at 0.73. The final model also included measures of good governance such as educational expense and corruption perception index (CPI). The corruption perception index (CPI) and educational expense were strongly correlated with measurements of good governance such as democracy index, functioning of government, electoral process and pluralism, political participation, and civil liberty, but these variables were found not significant in the multivariable model. Conclusion: The study concludes the effect of emotional intelligence and intelligence quotient are complementary to each other and holds the key to predicting average national income or wealth rank. This study also implies a nation may build more wealth if educational institutes focus on developing emotional intelligence (EI) and intelligence quotient (IQ).
Calcium Transport along the Axial Canal in Acropora
Authors: Li Yixin , Liao Xin , He Chunpeng , Lu Zuhong
Published: July 2021

In Acropora, the complex canals in a coral colony connect all polyps into a holistic network to collaborate in performing biological processes. There are various types of canals, including calice, axial canals, and other internal canals, with structures that are dynamically altered during different coral growth states due to internal calcium transport. However, few studies have considered the regulation of calcium transport in Acropora. In this study, we investigated the morphological changes of the axial canal in six Acropora muricata samples by high resolution micro-computed tomography, observing the patterns of the axial canal during the processes of new branch formation and truncated branch rebuilding. We visualized the formation of a new branch from a calice and deposition of the iconic hexactin skeletons in the axial canal. Furthermore, the diameter and volume changes of the axial canal in truncated branches during rebuilding processes were calculated, revealing that the volume ratio of calcareous deposits in the axial canal exhibit significant increases within the first three weeks, returning to levels in the initial state in the following week. This work indicates that the axial canal can transport calcium to form hexactin skeletons in a new branch and rebuild the tip of a truncated branch. The calcium transport along canal network regulates various growth processes, including budding, branching, skeleton forming, and self-rebuilding of an Acropora colony. Understanding the changes in canal function under normal and extreme conditions will provide theoretical guidance for restoration and protection of coral reefs.
Narrow Precursor Mass Range for DIA-MS Enhances Protein Identification and Quantification
Authors: Zhang Huoming , Bensaddek Dalila
Published: July 2021

Data independent acquisition - mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) is becoming widely utilised for robust and accurate quantification of samples in quantitative proteomics. Here, we describe the systematic evaluation of the effects of DIA precursor mass range on total protein identification and quantification. We show that a narrow mass range of precursors (~250 m/z) for DIA-MS enables a higher number of protein identifications. Subsequent application of DIA with narrow precursor range (from 400 to 650 m/z) on Arabidopsis sample with spike-in of known proteins identified 34.7% more proteins than in conventional DIA (cDIA) with a wide precursor range of 400-1200 m/z. When combining several DIA-MS analyses with narrow precursor ranges (i.e., 400-650, 650-900 and 900-1200 m/z), we were able to quantify 10,099 protein groups with a median coefficient of variation of <6%. These findings represent a 59.4% increase in the number of proteins quantified than with cDIA analysis. This is particularly important for low abundance proteins, as exemplified by the 6-protein mix spike-in. In cDIA only 5 out of the 6-protein mix were quantified while our approach allowed accurate quantitation of all six proteins.
The Effect of Thickness and Reversal Frequency of Seaweed Gracilaria sp Drying
Authors: Aisah Sitti , Mursalim Mursalim , Samsuar Samsuar
Published: July 2021

Marketing of seaweed is still in the form of dried seaweed, but in fact the quality of the dried seaweedthat is sold by farmers has not met the standards required by the seaweed processing industry. One ofthe efforts that can be made to improve the quality of dried seaweed is by optimizing drying, namelyby adjusting the thickness and reversal frequency. Pile thickness of will determine the length of timedrying is carried out, while the frequency of reversal will determine the spread of heat that occurs inthe seaweed pile. The aim of this study was to determine the drying speed in seaweed Gracilaria spdrying and quality of dried sweaweed. The study was conducted with two treatments, namely pilethickness of 12, 16 and 20 cm and treatment of reversal frequency with an interval of 3 hours, 4 hoursand 5 hours. The parameters observed in this study were a decrease in water content, drying rate, andsensory test. The results showed that the drying of Gracilaria sp seaweed with a thicknessof 12 cm with a reversal frequency of each 3-4 hours is the best treatment in terms of color / brightnessand good texture with a drying rate of 0.462 kg H2O/kg solids hour.
Karakteristik Thermal Shortening Minyak Biji Karet, Minyak Ikan, dan Stearin Sawit Menggunakan Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
Authors: Sumartini Sumartini , Hasibuan Nirmala Efri , Gurusmatika Sellen
Published: July 2021

Kendala yang sering dihadapi pada pembuatan produk spreads seperti shortening adalah sulitnya menghasilkan produk dengan titik leleh yang diharapkan. Interesterifikasi kimiawi dianggap lebih murah, sederhana, mudah dikontrol, suhu yang digunakan tidak terlampau tinggi sehingga memperkecil kemungkinan terbentuknya asam lemak trans. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik  profil thermal dan melting point dari shortening melalui dua modifikasi lipid yang berbeda, blending (NIE) dan interesterifikasi kimiawi (CIE). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 10 rasio perlakuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik leleh shortening menggunakan DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai melting point berada dalam kisaran leleh suhu (40-49°C). Berdasarkan Karakteristik Thermal rasio 90/5/5 (CIE 4) dan 80/10/10 (CIE 3) memiliki 3 dan 4 puncak titik leleh yang yang rendah. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa melting point dan profil thermal interesterifikasi kimiawi lebih rendah jika dibandingkan blending, hal ini membuktikan bahwa intereterifikasi kimiawi mampu menciptakan lemak shortening baru dengan plastisitas tertentu dan memberikan karakteristik leleh sesuai dengan shortening komersial.
Pengembangan Alat Tanam Benih Padi Langsung (ATABELA) Metode Vakum
Authors: Sapsal Muhammad Tahir , Fadlian Muhammad , Salengke Salengke
Published: July 2021

Alat tanam benih langsung atau yang biasa disingkat ATABELA telah umum digunakan pada budidaya padi di Indonesia. Salah satu masalah yang sering terjadi pada penggunaan alat ini yaitu, tidak konsistennya jumlah benih yang dikeluarkan. Disamping itu benih yang dikeluarkan biasanya lebih dari tiga benih, sehingga dapat menimbulkan persaingan dalam proses pertumbuhannya. Oleh karena itu perlu dikembangkan alat tanam benih langsung yang dosis benihnya presisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang aplikator alat tanam benih padi langsung dengan penjatuhan benih memanfaatkan tekanan vakum. Tujaun lainnya yaitu mengetahui tekanan yang dapat dihasilkan serta kecepatan maju yang dibutuhkan untuk menghasilkan tekanan vakum yang.  Langkah awal dari penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi tekanan yang dibutuhkan untuk memindahkan benih, kemudian membuat rancangan alat berdasarkan data tekanan tersebut. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan motor DC sebagai pengganti putaran roda untuk mengetahui kecepatan maju yang dibutuhkan untuk memperoleh tekanan yang dibutuhkan. Kadar air dari benih yang digunakan 22.71 % dan tekanan yang dibutuhkan 97 kPa (4 kPa di bawah tekanan standar atmosfer) kecepatan maju yang dibutuhkan 2.5 m/s sehingga perlu dilakukan modifikasi pada perbandingan pulley roda dan poros penggerak.
RELEVANSI PENERAPAN KURIKULUM 2013 DI SEKOLAH PADA MATA PELAJARAN FISIKA DAN HUBUNGAN DENGAN KINERJA INDIVIDUAL PENGGUNA (STUDI KASUS SMA SE-KABUPATEN KOTABARU)
Authors: Ali Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana relevansi penerapan kurikulum 2013 pada mata pelajaran fisika dan hubungan dengan kinerja individual pengguna. Metode penelitian ini merupakan metode deskriptif  kualitatif  melalui analisis data deskriptif persentase dengan tahapan pengembangan angket/kuisioner respon kepala sekolah, guru fisika dan peserta didik terhadap penerapan kurikulum 2013. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah, guru fisika dan peserta didik SMA Se-Kabupaten Kotabaru. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 1) Kesiapan siswa dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 tidakberjalan dengan baik melihat dari hasil persentase yang rendah yaitu 29,45%. 2) Kesiapan guru dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 sudah berjalan dengan cukup baik melihat dari hasil persentase yaitu 59,05%. 4) Kesiapan kepala sekolah dalam melaksanakan kurikulum 2013 sudah berjalan dengan baik melihat dari hasil persentase yang tinggi yaitu 73,27%.  Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan kurikulum 2013 pada mata pelajaran fisika dalam hubungan kinerja individual masih cukup relevan.
PROFIL ANALOGICAL REASONING SISWA SMA
Authors: Sholihah Riyadhotus
Published: July 2021

Analogical reasoning is the ability to solve problems by finding similarities between two objects, namely source and target objects. The purpose of this study was to determine the analogical reasoning profile of students at SMA N 16 Semarang. This study is included in a qualitative study with data collection techniques used in surveys by working on analogical reasoning problems. The research subjects were 100 students of class X. The results found in this study were the category of analogical reasoning ability of students of SMA N 16 Semarang low with a frequency of 74 and a percentage of 73.6%. The low ability of analogical reasoning students is influenced by the lack of learning methods that encourage students in problem-solving using analogies, besides analogies have two sides if understood will facilitate students' understanding of concepts, but if it cannot be understood misconceptions occur so teachers rarely use analogous reasoning in explaining material abstract. Therefore it is necessary to have an understanding and experience of the teacher to build this ability by using learning methods that support analogical reasoning abilities.
PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI DENGAN PENDEKATAN CTL DENGAN TEKNIK NETWORK TREE DAN SPIDER CONCEPT MAP DITINJAU DARI KREATIVITAS DAN GAYA BERPIKIR PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Mukayatun Mukayatun , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto , Karyanto Puguh
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran Biologi dengan pendekatan CTL  dengan teknik  network tree dan spider concept  map ditinjau dari kreativitas dan  gaya berpikir terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Nopember 2012, menggunakan metode eksperimen. Populasi seluruh peserta didik kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Sukosewu Bojonegoro tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Sampel diperoleh dengan teknik cluster random sampling terdiri dari 4 kelas yaitu VII B, VII D, VII E,  dan VII F. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes untuk hasil belajar kognitif, kreativitas, dan gaya berpikir. Metode angket untuk  hasil belajar afektif. Metode observasi untuk mendapatkan hasil belajar afektif dan psikomotor. Data dianalisis menggunakan anava tiga jalan dengan desain faktorial 2 x 2 x 2. Berdasarkan analisis disimpulkan: 1. ada  pengaruh penggunaan pendekatan CTL dengan teknik network tree dan spider concept map  terhadap hasil belajar afektif dan psikomotor, sedangkan kognitif tidak berpengaruh; 2. ada pengaruh kreativitas tinggi dan rendah terhadap hasil belajar kognitif dan afektif, sedangkan psikomotor tidak berpengaruh; 3. tidak ada pengaruh gaya berpikir sekuensial dan acak terhadap hasil belajar kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor; 4. tidak ada interaksi antara pendekatan CTL dengan teknik network tree dan spider concept map  dengan  kreativitas terhadap hasil belajar kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor; 5. ada interaksi antara pendekatan CTL dengan teknik  network tree dan spider concept map dengan gaya berpikir terhadap hasil belajar psikomotor sedangkan kognitif dan afektif  tidak ada interaksi;  6. ada interaksi antara kreativitas dan gaya berpikir terhadap hasil belajar kognitif sedangkan afektif dan psikomotor tidak ada interaksi; 7. tidak ada interaksi antara pendekatan CTL dengan teknik network tree dan spider concept map, kreativitas, dan gaya berpikir terhadap hasil belajar kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor.

 Kata Kunci: Pendekatan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL), network tree, spider concept map,   kreativitas, gaya berpikir.
PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA DENGAN PENDEKATAN CTL MELALUI METODE EKSPERIMEN DAN DEMONTRASI DITINJAU DARI KREATIVITAS DAN	GAYA BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Parmono Parmono , Sunarno Widha , Suparmi Suparmi
Published: July 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendekatan CTL melalui metode eksperimen dan demontrasi ditinjau dari kreativitas dan gaya belajar terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada ranah kognitif, afektif dan keterampilan proses. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dan dilaksanakan dari bulan Oktober 2012- Januari 2013. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas XII IPA SMA N 1 Gemolong tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Sampel diperoleh dengan teknik cluster random sampling yang terdiri dari dua kelas eksperimen. Kelas eksperimen pertama diberi pembelajaran dengan metode eksperimen dan kelas eksperimen kedua  diberi pembelajaran dengan metode demontrasi. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode tes untuk prestasi belajar  kognitif,  angket untuk prestasi afektif,  kreativitas, gaya belajar,dan lembar  observasi untuk prestasi ketrampilan proses. Hipotesis diuji menggunakan anava (Analisis Variansi). Dari hasil analisis data disimpulkan; 1) ada pengaruh penggunaan metode eksperimen dan demontrasi terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif, dan keterampilan proses siswa;  2) ada pengaruh kreativitas terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif dan keterampilan proses siswa; 3) ada pengaruh gaya belajar terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif, dan keterampilan proses siswa; 4) tidak ada interaksi antara metode dengan kreativitas terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif, dan keterampilan proses siswa;  5) ada interaksi antara metode dan gaya belajar siswa terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif dan afektif, tetapi tidak ada interaksi antara keduanya terhadap keterampilan  proses;  6) ada interaksi antara kreativitas dan gaya belajar terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif dan keterampilan proses; 7) tidak ada interaksi antara metode, kreativitas dan gaya belajar  terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif dan keterampilan proses.

 Kata Kunci: pembelajaran fisika, CTL, metode eksperimen, metode demonstrasi, kreativitas, dan gaya belajar.
MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MENGGUNAKAN TEAM TEACHING DENGAN TEKNIK TERINTEGRASI DAN SEMI TERINTEGRASI PADA PEMBELAJARAN BAKTERIOLOGI DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN KEMAMPUAN VERBAL
Authors: Silviani Yusianti , Sudarisman Suciati , Sugiyarto Sugiyarto
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Problem Based Learning (PBL) menggunakan team teaching dengan teknik terintegrasi dan semi terintegrasi, kemampuan berpikir kritis, kemampuan verbal serta interaksinya terhadap prestasi belajar kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor. Metode yang digunakan adalah eksperimen, dilaksanakan pada Januari 2012 sampai Desember 2012. Populasinya adalah semua mahasiswa Tingkat II Semester III Akademi Analis Kesehatan Nasional Surakarta Tahun Akademik 2012/2013. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh yang terdiri dari 2 kelas yaitu: 2A1 dan 2A2. Kelas 2A1 diberi pembelajaran team teaching teknik semi terintegrasi, sedangkan 2A2 dengan team teaching teknik terintegrasi. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah tes dan non tes. Teknik tes menggunakan soal pilihan ganda untuk kemampuan berpikir kritis, kemampuan verbal, kognitif, dan psikomotor. Teknik non tes menggunakan lembar observasi untuk afektif dan psikomotor proses, serta angket untuk afektif. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji alternatif ANAVA yaitu Mann-Whitney dan Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) ada pengaruh model PBL menggunakan team teaching teknik terintegrasi dan semi terintegrasi terhadap semua prestasi belajar; 2) ada pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap prestasi kognitif dan psikomotor; 3) ada pengaruh kemampuan verbal terhadap semua prestasi belajar; 4) ada pengaruh interaksi teknik pembelajaran dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap semua prestasi belajar; 5) ada pengaruh interaksi teknik pembelajaran dengan kemampuan verbal terhadap semua prestasi belajar; 6) ada pengaruh interaksi kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan kemampuan verbal terhadap semua prestasi belajar; 7) ada pengaruh interaksi teknik, kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemampuan verbal terhadap semua prestasi belajar.

 

Kata Kunci: Problem Based Learning, team teaching, kemampuan berpikir kritis, kemampuan verbal.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL ELEKTRONIK FISIKA BERBASIS KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SMA/MA KELAS X PADA MATERI DINAMIKA GERAK
Authors: Perdana Fengky Adie , Sarwanto Sarwanto , Sukarmin Sukarmin
Published: July 2021

Pembelajaran Fisika yang di terapkan di SMA Warga Surakarta belum mengarahkan siswa pada pembelajaran berbasis keterampilan proses dan cenderung teacher centered. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menyusun modul elektronik pembelajaran Fisika berbasis keterampilan proses sains, serta menguji efektivitas modul terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar siswa.  Metode penelitian dan pengembangan yang digunakan Research and Development (R&D). Model penelitian dan pengembangan menggunakan model penelitian 4D Thiagarajan. Modul Fisika dikembangkan menggunakan pendekatan keterampilan proses sains dengan langkah: mengamati, merumuskan masalah, merumuskan hipotesis, mengidentifikasi variabel, melakukan eksperimen, menganalisis data, menyimpulkan dan mengomunikasikan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket, lembar validasi, lembar observasi dan soal pretest&post test. Analisis hasil angket, kelayakan modul dan hasil observasi dianalisis dengan diskriptif kualitatif berdasarkan skor kriteria. Analisis kemampuan berpikir kritis diuji dengan program SPSS dengan uji parametrik sampel berpasangan, sedangkan motivasi belajar dianalisis menggunakan uji non parametrik Mann Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) modul elektronik telah dikembangkan dengan mengintegrasikan keterampilan proses sains untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan motivasi belajar siswa. 2) Modul elektronik Fisika berbasis keterampilan proses sains memenuhi kriteria sangat baik, dilihat dari hasil validasi materi, media, validasi praktisi pendidikan dan teman sejawat, dengan nilai rata-rata 3,80 lebih besar dari nilai minimum kelayakan 3,78. 3) efektivitas modul berbasis keterampilan proses sains didapatkan nilai N-gain dari uji coba besar  0,67 pada kelas sampel dan 0,59 pada kelas kontrol yang dikategorikan ˝sedang˝. 4) Implementasi modul elektronik Fisika berbasis keterampilan proses sains ini dinilai efektif meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,027 lebih rendah dari taraf signifikansi α =0,05, hal ini berarti bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara motivasi belajar kelas sampel dan kelas kontrol. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa motivasi belajar siswa menggunakan modul Fisika berbasis keterampilan proses sains lebih baik dari pembelajaran konvensional
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM POSING MELALUI TUTORIAL ONLINE DAN TATAP MUKA TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR DITINJAU DARI TINGKAT AKTIVITAS BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA PEMAHAMAN MATERI FISIKA DASAR
Authors: Kartikawati Sulistyaning , Sunarno Widha , Suparmi Suparmi
Published: July 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) perbedaan pengaruh  antara pembelajaran problem posing melalui tutorial online dan tatap muka terhadap prestasi belajar Fisika Dasar II, 2) perbedaan pengaruh antara aktivitas belajar tinggi dan aktivitas belajar rendah terhadap prestasi belajar Fisika Dasar II, 3) interaksi antara pembelajaran problem posing melalui tutorial online dan tatap muka dengan aktivitas belajar tinggi dan aktivitas belajar rendah terhadap prestasi belajar Fisika Dasar II. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dan dilaksanakan pada semester gasal tahun akademik 2011/2012 dengan populasi sebanyak 83 mahasiswa dengan sampel sebanyak 54 mahasiswa terdiri dari klas 3A sebanyak 26 mahasiswa dan klas 3B sebanyak 28 mahasiswa. Sampel penelitian diperoleh dengan metode random sampling. Variabel bebas penelitian adalah pembelajaran problem posing dengan tutorial online dan tatap muka, variabel terikat penelitian prestasi belajar, dan variabel moderatornya Aktivitas belajar. Data aktivitas belajar mahasiswa dikumpulkan dengan tes kuesioner dan untuk data prestasi belajar mahasiswa dikumpulkan dengan tes ujian akhir semester. Uji instrument dengan menggunakan Uji Validitas, Uji Reliabilitas, Uji Taraf Kesukaran Soal dan Uji Daya beda Soal. Data dianalisa dengan Analisa Varian (Anava) dua jalan (2x2) dengan desain factorial 2x2 dan dilanjutkan uji lanjut Anava menggunakan Microsoft excel dan minitab 15. Dari analisa data diperoleh: 1) Terdapat perbedaan pengaruh pembelajaran problem posing melalui tutorial online dan tatap muka terhadap prestasi belajar, karena F hitung lebih besar dari F tabel, 2) Terdapat perbedaan pengaruh antara mahasiswa yang memiliki aktivitas tinggi dan yang memiliki aktivitas rendah terhadap prestasi belajar, karena F hitung lebih besar dari F tabel, 3) Tidak terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran problem posing melalui tutorial online dan tatap muka dengan aktivitas tinggi dan aktivitas rendah terhadap prestasi belajar, karena F hitung lebih kecil dari F tabel.
Mycorrhizae and a soil ameliorant on improving the characteristics of sandy soil
Authors: Herawati Aktavia , Syamsiyah Jauhari , Mujiyo Mujiyo , Rochmadtulloh Mapan , Susila Afifah Afiana , Romadhon Muhammad Rizky
Published: July 2021

Agricultural constraints on sandy soil are poor chemical characteristics and low biological activity resulting in the soil becoming less productive to be planted. One of the efforts to improve the quality of sandy soil are application of mycorrhizae and a soil ameliorant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mycorrhizae and a soil ameliorant on soil chemical characteristics and soil biological activity. The experiment was arranged using a Complete Randomized Design that had two factors. The first factor (1) was mycorrhizae dose, without mycorrhizae (M0) and six spores of mycorrhizae/plant (M1), and the second factor (2) was types of soil ameliorant, without ameliorant (S0), cow dung (S1), rock phosphate (S2), biochar (S3), cow dung–rock phosphate (S4), cow dung–biochar (S5), and rock phosphate–biochar (S6). The results indicated that combination of six spores mycorrhizae/plant–cow dung 60 tons ha−1–biochar 25 tons ha−1 (M1S5) increased soil organic carbon (SOC) (235%), available P (675%), cation exchange capacity (CEC) (216%), total glomalin (101%), and easily extracted glomalin (69%), decreased exchangeable sodium percentage (66%), and increased absolutely for root infection and spore density than without mycorrhizae and a soil ameliorant (control). The lowest of SOC in non-mycorrhizae and rock phosphate, available P, CEC, root infection, spore density were found on the control, but the lowest of total glomalin and easily extracted glomalin were found on non-mycorrhizae–rock phosphate. The application of mycorrhizae, cow dung, and biochar improved the sandy soil characteristics.
Characterization and metal loading capacity of humic acids derived from composted rice straw and olive pomace affected by the humification degree
Authors: Mostafa Mohamed Ahmed Mahmoud , Hegazy Abdel Samad Salem Ismail , El-Sedfy Osama Mohamed Fathy , Abd El-Rhaman Zeinab Mostafa
Published: July 2021

Laboratory study was performed to assess the impact of humification degree of humic acids isolated from composted rice straw (RS) and olive pomace (OP) on the metal loading capacity of extracted humic acids with Fe, Mn and Zn at different pH values (4, 5 and 6). The results revealed that the highest values of total acidity, carboxyl and phenolic-OH groups were achieved by HA-c extracted from compost C. Both HA-c and FA-c realized more pronounced values of total carbon and nitrogen content. Adversely, HA-c and FA-c achieved less pronounced values of oxygen and hydrogen as well as H/C, O/C and C/N atomic ratios. The loading capacity of Fe+2 reached to optimum values at pH 5 for all studied humic acids. While the maximum loading capacity of Mn+2 or Zn+2 was achieved at pH 6. In this respect, the maximum loading capacity of Fe+2, Mn+2 and Zn+2 were obtained for HA-c followed by HA-d.
Distribution of nickel (Ni) in peatland situated alongside mineral soil derived from ultrabasic rocks
Authors: Pulunggono Heru Bagus , Zulfajrin Moh , Irsan Fuadi
Published: July 2021

Detailed studies of Ni distribution in peat that is influenced by Ni-rich soil derived from ultrabasic rocks are still limited. The objective of this study was to reveal the characteristics of Ni in peat from Morowali (Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia) at several depths and distances from the boundary of the ultrabasic mineral soil. Peat was sampled from depths of 0–30, 30–60, and 60–90 cm at distances of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 m from the border of the ultrabasic mineral soil in March 2018. Ni characteristics were examined through their total, exchangeable, water-soluble, and adsorbed distributions. The relationships between Ni and some peat chemical properties such as pH; cation exchange capacity; macronutrient contents of K, Ca, and Mg; and micronutrient contents of Fe, Cu and Zn were also observed. The high Ni content in peat at the study transect is caused by an accumulation of Ni transported from elevated areas of mineral soil. Most Ni in peat is bonded to the soil organic exchange complexes. Accumulation of the mineral soil fraction in the peat surface is indicated at distances of 100–400 meters from the ultrabasic mineral soil. Ni distribution in peat at the study transect is mainly governed by a combination of Fe, pH, organic material, water content, peat depth, and distance from ultrabasic mineral soil.
Sustainability performance of organic farming at vegetable fields in Tabanan, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Sardiana I Ketut , Kusmiyarti Tati Budi
Published: July 2021

Sustainable agriculture aims to maintain high productivity while maintaining soil quality. The purpose of this study is to determine the sustainability performance of organic vegetable farming systems with soil quality indicators as a soil quality assessment tool. Soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in Chinese cabbage in Baturiti Subdistrict, Tabanan Regency, Bali, Indonesia, were evaluated as indicators for predicting organic cabbage production and yield. Soil samples were obtained from organic farming systems that have been going on for 1, 3, and 5 years after certification, compared with conventional farming systems. The results showed that the soil quality of the organic farming system after 5 years (OF5) was significantly higher than the conventional farming system. Physically, soil moisture at the field capacity in OF5 was significantly higher than that in the other systems. Chemically, the organic C and cation exchange capacity in organic systems were significantly higher than in conventional systems. The same results were shown by soil respiration, which means that there was high soil microbial activity. Based on the cumulative soil quality rating, it is concluded that the OF5 system met the sustainability criteria, with no high input required.
Formulation of bacterial consortium for improvement growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Ikhwan Ali , Iriany Aniek , Ishartati Erny , Hasanah Faridlotul
Published: July 2021

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have become an important subject of research to increase maize production. The PGPB consortium should provide more benefits than single or dual inoculation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a PGPB consortium on improving maize growth and yield. The field experiment used a split-plot design. The main plot consisted of three maize varieties (Talenta, Pertiwi-3, and Bisma), and the subplot consisted of three formulations of PGPB consortia [endophytic bacteria isolates, Acetobacter sp., cellulolytic, and ligninolytic (F1); endophytic bacteria isolates, Azospirillum sp., cellulolytic, and ligninolytic (F2); and endophytic bacteria isolates, cellulolytic, ligninolytic, Acetobacter sp., and Azospirillum sp. (F3)] and one control. PGPB consortia formulation did not influence maize growth significantly, but maize varieties did. Pertiwi-3 showed the highest value in all growth variables, followed by Bisma and Talenta, respectively. The effect of PGPB consortia formulation upon ear fresh and dry weight depends upon the maize variety, and Pertiwi-3 showed the highest value in yield variables. PGPB consortia formulation 2 was the most effective to apply for Pertiwi-3 cultivation, while PGPB consortia formulation 3 produced higher yields for Talenta and Bisma. These findings indicated that specific PGPB formula could improve the yield for specific maize varieties.
Metal ion toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in plants growing in acidic soil
Authors: Kar Saradia , Agrahari Raj Kishan , Panda Sanjib Kumar
Published: July 2021

The abiotic factors have a wide effect on the growth of plants along with the cultivation of staple crops.  The concentration of both essential and non-essential elements is impacted by number of biogeochemical factors. The low pH (≤5.0) of the soil is one such factor which poses variation in the levels of metal ions and mostly it leads to metal toxicity. The excess concentrations of the elements in the soil affects the growth, yield and the metabolic activities of the plants making them susceptible. However, some of the genotypes adapt themselves to metal toxicity condition by regulating their homeostatic genes leading to develop different strategies to undergo detoxification method. In the present review we discuss about the toxicity of Al, Fe and As which is a non-essential metal, an essential metal and an unwanted heavy metal. In a broad picture, to escape the toxic effects, plants have the strategy to exclude the excess metal outside the plant or include it in its storage cells. The insight of the present review aims at understanding these strategies in details which can be put into agricultural applications for developing better crops.
OVERVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF METHODS FOR MODELING THE EPIDEMIC DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
Authors: Ivashchenko Daria , Kutsenko Oleksandr
Published: July 2021

Today, the urgent problem facing humanity is the problem of fighting epidemics and pandemics. One of the ways to solve this problem is the use of mathematical methods for predicting the pandemic process and assessing the impact of measures taken by health authorities to reduce the rate of development of the disease. Based on the analysis of a variety of information sources, the article considers the most effective approach to mathematical and computer modeling of the development of the epidemic on the basis of individually oriented and multi-agent approaches. The analysis of the problem of modeling the development of epidemics on the basis of a multi-agent approach, as well as the possibilities of predicting the course of the epidemiological process is carried out. An example of the structure of a multicomponent simulation model based on the generally accepted verbal model of the spread of viral diseases is given. As an example, the methodology of simulation agent-based modeling using the Any Logic software product of distribution processes 2019-nCoV is considered. The obtained averaged indicators confirmed the main hourly average periods of infection, which were obtained by purely statistical methods. Based on the analysis of published works, the possibilities of managing the development of the epidemic by influencing these factors have been investigated. A relatively simple method of mathematical modeling and forecasting of the epidemic situation has been proposed. It is shown that a timely and adequate forecast is a prerequisite for planning the structure, scale, timing of the necessary measures aimed at preventing epidemics and outbreaks of disease, as well as reducing and eliminating their negative consequences.

Keywords: agent simulation, epidemic, math modeling, pandemic, prognostication, simulation.
Let’s talk about webcams, and a pedagogy of kindness
Authors: Gilmour Alison
Published: July 2021

With the move to online and blended learning, there has been much focus amongst educators on webcam use in online classes. Mandatory webcam policies and privileging use of webcams as the preferred form of engagement disregard the COVID-19 context – in which students have had limited choice about learning in blended or online modes – and significantly undermine trust. This piece argues for the adoption of a pedagogy of kindness, through teaching and learning practices that are sensitive to the material experience of diverse groups of students, and considers some of the complex reasons why insisting on webcam use may exacerbate inequalities.
Sectors together for professional development: a university team in an action research collaboration with school teachers and senior leaders
Authors: Magaji Adewale , Cabral Ana , Lambirth Andrew , McDonald Roger , Brett Ashley , Philpott Christopher
Published: July 2021

Action research promotes teaching and learning as it may allow teachers to explore areas of their practices that require improvement. The purpose of this case study is to highlight the steps involved in carrying out action research and any challenges that teachers may encounter in this learning process. This study was developed as a professional development course from 2015 to 2019 attended by more than 150 teachers from early years, primary and secondary schools in London and Kent in the last 4 years. The teachers were registered as students at the University of Greenwich and supported by a university team of researchers. The study identified five steps of the development of teacher-led action research and highlighted the challenges for each step. The steps included defining the field of action; planning; action; evaluation and reflection/(re)planning. This led to the development of an innovative model for the facilitation of action research and collaboration between the university team and participants. The model is used as a framework to enhance the development of teacher-led research in schools.Keywords: action research, teacher-led research, models, collaboration
Co-organising hackathons with students: opportunities and best practices
Authors: Correia Nuno N.
Published: July 2021

We identify problems regarding teaching in higher education, particularly in computing subjects: short attention spans; lack of focus on cutting-edge topics; lack of attention to relevant issues for students; and disconnect from research. We propose that co-organising hackathons with students can assist in addressing these issues. We present a literature review, our experience in organising three hackathons and the resulting feedback gathered from participants. Based on that experience, and in articulation with related literature, we suggest best practices for organising these events. We also discuss applicability to other fields beyond computing.
Gather.town: An opportunity for self-paced learning in a synchronous, distance-learning environment
Authors: McClure Colin Derek , Williams Paul N
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced Higher Education to adopt distance-learning approaches in traditionally face-to-face and practical-based fields such as the Health and Life sciences. Such an abrupt change to distance-learning contexts brings a variety of challenges to student learning communities, and ensuring key skills are effectively transferred. Chief among these is the limited opportunity students have to discuss their individual needs with their educators and peers in a synchronous manner. Proximity-based video-conferencing platforms such as gather.town can offer a unique opportunity for learners to interact with educators as well as pre-developed materials in a self-paced manner to tailor the teaching experience, and develop these relationships in a distance-learning context. In this case study the concepts of statistical analysis and the use of the data analysis software R is introduced to 38 University students using the online platform gather.town. With the use of private spaces, pre-recorded videos, and demonstrators, students are trained in both the concepts and practical skills to undertake data analysis in a self-paced manner. Both students and demonstrators provide their opinions on the effectiveness of the platform, and identify its benefits, preferring it to alternative online systems such as MS Teams for their educational sessions.
The Carbon Inequality Era: An assessment of the global distribution of consumption emissions among individuals from 1990 to 2015 and beyond
Authors: Kartha Sivan , Kemp-Benedict Eric , Ghosh Emily , Nazareth Anna , Gore Tim
Published: July 2021

In the 25 years from 1990 to 2015, annual global carbon emissions grew by 60%, approximately doubling total global cumulative emissions. This has brought the world perilously close to exceeding 2°C of warming, and it is now on the verge of exceeding 1.5°C. This paper examines the starkly different contributions of different income groups to carbon emissions in this period. It draws on new data that provides much improved insight into global and national income inequality, combined with national consumption emissions over this 25-year period, to provide an analysis relating emissions to income levels for the populations of 117 countries. Future scenarios of carbon inequality are also presented based on different possible trajectories of economic growth and carbon emissions, highlighting the challenge of ensuring a more equitable distribution of the remaining and rapidly diminishing global carbon budget.
Gender and LGBTQI+ Policy and Programming in Vanuatu: Opportunities, challenges, capacity, and tools for change
Authors: McCormack Caitilin , Jennings Steve , Kenni Linda
Published: July 2021

In 2016 the government of Vanuatu introduced a National Gender Equality Policy. A second phase of the policy will be implemented in 2020–2024. Insights from key informants working on gender in Vanuatu reveal that there have been some positive developments in the first policy phase. A number of challenges remain, however, including limited capacity in a number of key institutions, and resistance to progress caused by prevailing conservative and patriarchal values and beliefs in Vanuatu. In the absence of other legal instruments for LGBTQI+/SOGI equality, perspectives vary on whether this aspect of gender equality should be included in the revised policy.
Mechanisms of Immunomodulation and Cytoprotection Conferred to Pancreatic Islet by Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells
Authors: Lebreton Fanny , Wassmer Charles H. , Bellofatto Kevin , Perez Lisa , Othenin-Girard Véronique , de Tejada Begoña Martinez , Cohen Marie , Berishvili Ekaterine
Published: July 2021

Inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine activity can reverse inflammation mediated dysfunction of islet grafts. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) possess regenerative, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that hAECs could protect islets from cellular damage induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines. To verify our hypothesis hAECs monocultures, rat islets (RI), or RI-hAEC co-cultures where exposed to a pro-inflammatory cytokine cocktail (Interferon γ: IFN-γ, Tumor necrosis factor α: TNF-α and Interleukin-1β: IL-1β). The secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines and gene expression changes in hAECs and viability and function of RI were evaluated. The expression of non-classical Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules by hAECs cultured with various IFN-γ concentrations were assessed. Exposure to the pro-inflammatory cocktail significantly increased the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL6, IL10 and G-CSF by hAECs, which was confirmed by upregulation of IL6, and IL10 gene expression. HLA-G, HLA-E and PDL-1 gene expression was also increased. This correlated with an upregulation of STAT1, STAT3 and NF-κB1gene expression levels. RI co-cultured with hAECs maintained normal function after cytokine exposure compared to RI cultured alone, and showed significantly lower apoptosis rate. Our results show that exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulates secretion of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory factors by hAECs through the JAK1/2 – STAT1/3 and the NF-κB1 pathways, which in turn protects islets against inflammation-induced damages. Integrating hAECs in islet transplants appears as a valuable strategy to achieve to inhibit inflammation mediated islet damage, prolong islet survival, improve their engraftment and achieve local immune protection allowing to reduce systemic immunosuppressive regimens.
Vitamin D confers neuroprotective effects in traumatic brain injury by activating Nrf2 signaling through an autophagy-mediated mechanism
Authors: Cui Changmeng , Wang Changshui , Jin Feng , Yang Mengqi , Kong Lingsheng , Han Wenxiu , Jiang Pei
Published: July 2021

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates an oxidative cascade that contributes to the delayed progressive damage, whereas autophagy is critical in maintaining homeostasis during stressful challenge. We previously demonstrated that vitamin D (VitD) shows strong neuroprotective and anti-oxidative properties in the animal models of TBI. Therefore, the present study aimed to further explore the potential interrelationship between oxidative stress and autophagy in the progression of TBI and therapeutic mechanism of VitD. Methods: Neuroprotective effects of calcitriol, the active form of VitD, were examined following TBI. We further evaluated the impacts of TBI and VitD treatment on autophagic process and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. To confirm the mechanism, chloroquine (CQ) treatment and Nrf2 −/− mice were used to block autophagy and Nrf2 pathway, respectively. Results: We found that treatment of calcitriol markedly ameliorated the neurological deficits and histopathological changes following TBI. The brain damage impaired autophagic flux and impeded Nrf2 signaling, the major regulator in antioxidant response, consequently leading to uncontrolled and excessive oxidative stress. Meanwhile, calcitriol promoted autophagic process and activated Nrf2 signaling as evidenced by the reduced Keap1 expression and enhanced Nrf2 translocation, thereby mitigating TBI-induced oxidative damage. To further confirm whether autophagy was responsible for Keap1 degradation and Nrf2 activation, the lysosomal inhibitor, CQ, was used to block autophagy. Our data suggested that CQ treatment abrogated calcitriol-induced autophagy and compromised Nrf2 activation with increased Keap1 accumulation and reduced expression of Nrf2-targeted genes. Additionally, both CQ treatment and Nrf2 genetic knockout abolished the protective effects of VitD against both TBI-induced neurological deficits and neuronal apoptosis. Conclusions: Therefore, our work demonstrated a neuroprotective role of VitD in TBI by triggering Nrf2 activation, which might be mediated by autophagy.
Phenotypic intrafamilial variability including H syndrome and Rosai Dorfman Disease associated with the same c.1088G>A mutation in the SLC29A3 gene.
Authors: CHOUK Hamza , REJEB Mohamed BEN , BOUSSOFARA Lobna , MABROUK Haïfa EL , GHARIANI Najet , SR Badreddine , SAAD Ali , H'MIDA Dorra , DENGUEZLI Mohamed
Published: July 2021

Background: Mutations in the SLC29A3 gene, which encodes the nucleoside transporter hENT3, has been implicated in syndromic forms of Histiocytosis including H syndrome, pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin-dependent diabetes, Faisalabad histiocytosis and Familial Rosai Dorfman disease (RDD). Herein, we report five new patients from a single family who present with phenotypes that associate features of H syndrome and Familial Rosai Dorfman Disease.Methods: We investigated the clinical, biochemical, histopathological and molecular findings in five Tunisian family Members' diagnosed as Familial RDD and/or H syndrome. The solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside transporters), member 3 ( SLC29A3 ) gene was screened for molecular diagnosis using direct Sanger sequencing.Results: Genetic analysis of all affected individuals revealed a previously reported missense mutation c.1088 G>A [p.Arg363Gln] in exon 6 of the SLC29A3 gene. Four affected members presented with clinical features consistent with classical H syndrome phenotype. While their cousin’s features were in keeping with the diagnosis of Familial Rosai Dorfman disease with a previously undescribed cutaneous RDD presenting as erythematous nodular plaques on the face. This report underlines the clinical variability of SLC29A3 disorders even with an identical mutation in the same family.Conclusion: We report a rare event of 5 Tunisian family Members' found to be homozygous for SLC29A3 gene mutations but showing a different phenotype severity. Our study reveals that despite a single mutation, the clinical expression of the SLC29A3 disorders may be significantly heterogeneous suggesting a poor genotype-phenotype correlation for the disease.