bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Document science in the library and bibliographic dimension: Thoughts over the textbook
Authors: Shvetsova-Vodka Galina
Published: December 2018

Review of the book: Gordukalova G. F., Zakharchuk T. V., Pleshkevich E. A. Dokumento­vedenije. Ch. 1. Obshcheje dokumentovedenije [The Document Science. Part 1. General Document Science. A textbook / Sc. Editor G. V. Mikheeva. - St. Petersburh : Professija, 2013. - 319 p.]. Main provisions of the document theory comprised in the textbook intended for bachelors in library and bibliographic studies are examined. The authors conclude that the textbook content is more focused on ‘library and bibliographic document studies’ which title therefore would be more appropriate. Several definitions and provisions are specified.
Non-fiction popular NAUCHKA library: Traditional and innovative trends
Authors: Sokolova Irina
Published: December 2018

Traditional and innovative aspects of the project of the non-fiction popular NAUCHKA library are examined. Interaction and complementarity of traditional information (based on scientific popular books) and innovative communication (based on popular scientific events and happenings) vectors of the library’s activities are reviewed.
Analyzing users’ ILL and EDD orders
Authors: Krasilnikova Irina
Published: December 2018

Findings of the study of ILL and EDD users’ orders in the subject area of history being forwarded through the RAS Siberian Branch are discussed. The orders are classified by types, chronology, media, delivery terms, types of libraries to fulfill the orders, decline reasons. Prospects for acquiring historical documents from digital resources are examined.
Internet search engines and ways to improve quality of inquiries fulfillment when searching for scientific information on the Internet
Authors: Smirnov Yury
Published: December 2018

Existing Internet search engines are analyzed. Tagging, with its advantages and drawbacks, is examined as a popular method of Internet information organization and classification. The author concludes that every search engine is unique for its search algorithm, and combined use of many is seen and the most efficient for users.
London Book Fair - 2016
Authors: Zemskov Andrey
Published: December 2018

The author reviews the materials of the London Book Fair 2016. He addresses the issues of user feedback for building new platforms, information accessibility for visually impaired people, open access and copyright, e-book sales, processing large data arrays and semantic methods, prospects for libraries.
Interregional research and practical conference “Traditional and Electronic Libraries: The essence and values”: Conclusions
Authors: Artemyeva Elena , Lavrik Olga
Published: December 2018

The results of the interregional research and practical conference “Traditional and Electronic Libraries: The essence and values” (October 4-6, 2016, Novosibirsk) are discussed, its participants are introduced. The Conference agenda is characterized. Several events are discussed, including the round table in memory of Boris Elepov.
The Crimean forum: The value and joy of professional communication
Authors: Konovalova Maria
Published: December 2018

The program of the 23-rd “Crimea” Conference that is now the part of the World Professional Forum “The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations” (June 4-12, 2016, Sudak, Autonomous Republic of Crimea, RF) is reviewed. The author focuses on her participation results and offers her acknowledgement to organizers.
Digital information resources in the modern innovation infrastructure
Authors: Biktimirov Marat , Syuntyurenko Oleg
Published: December 2018

The information infrastructure components are described. Foreign information resources and systems supporting innovative activities are examined. Integration of national information systems in the EU states into the single sci-tech and innovative space is considered a sustainable trend. The most significant Russian information systems supporting innovative activities are also reviewed. The authors argue that the communication function of the information systems of the research foundations and federal target programs is underdeveloped.
Information provision support of the Siberian region research institutions, members of the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations, Russia: some results of the study
Authors: Podkorytova Nataliya , Bosina Larisa , Dubovenko Vera , Lakizo Irina
Published: December 2018

The article offers the analysis of scientific resources provision for the Siberian region research institutions, members of the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations (FASO Russia), the study being done in 2016. Identified were bottlenecks in the system of resources provision for Siberian research institutions and universities within the frameworks of grants of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) and the Russian Ministry of Education and Science. Presented is the data on provision by national and foreign information resources after the disintegration of the centralized library acquisitions system of the Russian Academy of Science, Siberian Branch. The level of the information resources provision is recognized insufficient. The authors identify future directions for the development of the newly emerging structure of the FASO organizations information provision system in the context of a competitive system of foreign e-resources subscriptions provision. The study concludes that under the conditions of the new type centralization of the resources provision process the system of subscription distributions has not been fully formed on regional and institutional levels.
The experience of “VBK - distant” supplementary education programs of professional retraining using distance education technologies
Authors: Dudareva Ekaterina
Published: December 2018

Currently, great importance is attached to continuing education and part of it - additional education. The author highlights the activities of the Training center of the Russian state library. The directions of training of specialists in library and information field are examines. The experience of creating and implementing the professional retraining program "Higher library courses-distant" ("VBK - distant") with the use of distance learning technologies. The content of the program and the results of its implementation are presented.
Special features of building special libraries’ information resources
Authors: Vaganova Inna
Published: December 2018

Main trends in developing special libraries’ information resources are characterized, in particular, those of art and museum libraries, libraries of higher art schools. The projects for generating information resources undertaked by these libraries are discussed. User inquiries are analyzed; stages of information services development are compared. Modern online-services: “Ask-a-bibliographer”, e-mail inquiries, Internet-based services, subject databases are illustrated by the examples of the databases: M. Fokin Archive, Sketch collection, The Artist, Russian Drama, Modern Dramatic Art , etc. The author concludes on the demand for building integrated digital resource of the libraries, museums, and art schools.
Study results for the detection of translated plagiarism using bibliometric databases
Authors: Mazov Nikolay , Gureev Vadim
Published: December 2018

In the last five years the authors have studied applicability of citation analysis to the problem of detection of translated plagiarism. During these years we verified the efficiency of this method and carried out several applied studies. It enabled us to detect a number of illegal uses of borrowed foreign texts in several research areas. We showed that the method is more efficient in natural and exact sciences as compared to social sciences. Besides, it is more appropriate when analyzing research articles, reviews and reports as compared to other document types.
The Virtual International Authority File as a perspective vector for further development
Authors: Stegaeva Maria
Published: December 2018

The Virtual International Authority File (VIAF) is a joint international project of national libraries and organizations generating name authority files. The origins of VIAF project, VIAF organizational structure, its goals and tasks are described, project members are introduced. The VIAF architecture and the components are examined in particular, search features are characterized. The author concludes that the VIAF project becomes a component of the Semantic web structure and a model for presenting library linked data internationally. The VIAF long-term goal is to integrate authority name records of the authority files being generated by national libraries and bibliographic agencies into a single authority control service.
The 20-th Anniversary Conference «LIBCOM-2016» - «Information technologies, computer systems and publications for libraries». (Review of events)
Authors: Mazurik Nataliya
Published: December 2018

The 20-th Anniversary Conference «Information technologies, computer systems and publications for libraries» - «LIBCOM-2016» (November 14-18, 2016, Suzdal) is reviewed. Several events on the program are highlighted, e.g. The first annual meeting of the National Library Association “Libraries of the Future”, Conference Central Discussion Site, and special program by Moscow State Institute of Culture “Trends in modern library education”, the workshop and round table «New technologies and corporate libraries’ interaction». Some peculiar features of the anniversary conference are discussed, conclusions are made.
International standards to regulate formats of electronic messages for ILL services: History and current status
Authors: Bazhenov Sergey , Krasilnikova Irina , Parshikov Roman
Published: December 2018

The history of international standards for ILL and Document Delivery e-messaging formats is discussed. ISO 10160 and ISO 10161 standards and a new standard ISO 18626: Information and documentation - Interlibrary Loan transactions are examined. Ongoing results of analyzing ISO 18626 standard at the State Public Library for Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences Siberian Branch are revealed.
Cross media technologies and local lore bibliography
Authors: Protopopova Elena
Published: December 2018

Application of cross media technologies in library local lore is discussed with the example of the subject www-site «400 Outstanding Novokuznetsk Residents». Indicated how new technologies (multimedia, cloud services, cross media) drastically change the formats of local lore information presentation, promotion and use. The skills and tools modern bibliographer needs to obtain to design interactive materials are listed. Cross media local lore is defined as the process of integrating information and communication technologies into the single information resource. Functional options of the www-site «400 Outstanding Novokuznetsk Residents» as a library local lore media product of a new type are demonstrated.
Education potential of forecast scientific principles
Authors: Varganova Galina , Skurikhina Yana
Published: December 2018

The educational potential of scientific forecasting methods for masters program in Library and Information Studies area is examined, in particular, the Delphi technique as a forecast and expertise method. Basic characteristics of efficient interactive classes using Delphi procedure are defined. Issues of preparing textbooks and learning aids in research methods and procedures for universities offering bachelors and masters programs in library and information studies are highlighted.
Comrade Rubakin - the Soviet personal pensioner. A detail in the biography of the great librarian and educator
Authors: Stolyarov Yuri
Published: December 2018

Unknown and amazing circumstances of the granting pension to Nikolai (Nicholas) Rubakin (1862-1946), then resident in Switzerland, by the Soviet Government, are revealed. The author takes the chance to review and characterize Rubakin’s attitude towards Soviet realities and Western democracy, and to demonstrate the drama of Rubakin’s life and work. Based on archival documents.
Marketing technologies to support strategic planning
Authors: Protopopova Elena
Published: December 2018

The tasks of identifying unsatisfied user needs, target consumer groups and competitive library information products and services within the library marketing managerial function are discussed. The author argues that libraries should combine non-profit and commercial marketing. She also suggests that commercial marketing should become a strategic planning tool. Strategic vectors and measures used to promote library information resources, products and services at Novokuznetsk Municipal Information Library System are described.
A comparative analysis of the distinct evolution of cataloging and information technology towards the creation of the next generation library system
Authors: Romanowski Cynthia
Published: December 2018

Technology plays an important role in the evolution of cataloging systems and its use is fundamental in disseminating information to the public. Libraries must find innovative ways of meeting their patrons’ informational needs in order to remain relevant. The challenge is that cataloging rules and formats and library systems are out of synchronization and slow to evolve to meet these informational needs. Catalogers from around the world struggle to find ways to create bibliographic records and access points to accommodate new electronic formats while information systems struggle to search and display the information that cataloging rules and formats seek to convey to patrons. Future cataloging systems are slowly evolving in synchronizing these two entities in order to create a global cataloging environment. They are slowly bridging the language barrier by properly displaying diacritics and special characters. They are making progress on creating a discovery layer that retrieves accurate holdings information for an entire library collection. They are also utilizing new cataloging formats that seek to replace MARC21 and are expandable to accommodate all formats. This evolution is creating an international partnership that will help maintain the relevance of libraries around the world. To write this paper, the author collects filed data as well as secondary source data through a comparative analysis of the progression of cataloging rules and formats and library systems. The first part of the paper will review the history of cataloging rules and formats and library systems to establish a progression timeline. The second part of the paper will focus on the current state of both and how it is impacting the ability to disseminate information to patrons. The third part of the paper will look to the requirements of the future of cataloging systems. This study concludes that cataloging and information technology will ultimately merge into the next generation library system in order to help libraries remain relevant.
60 years in the profession
Authors: Sukiasyan Eduard
Published: December 2018

The author chose librarianship as a profession during his school years, and has worked in libraries before admission to Institute. After studying at the Moscow State Libray Institute author served in the army, he taught at the Krasnodar Institute of Culture, worked at the Lenin State Library of the USSR (Russian State Library), was head of department and deputy director, continues the chief editor of Library Bibliographical Classification. We talked about interesting trips abroad, about the activities of the Russian Library Association, in international organizations, on the pedagogical work for almost a lifetime. On the paper attached a list of the author's publications for the years 2012-2016.
Identifying Resources: FRBR and Accessibility
Authors: Oliver Chris
Published: December 2018

This paper will outline some of the key aspects of the FRBR family of conceptual models that support resource discovery especially for persons who are blind, visually impaired, or otherwise print disabled. The FRBR family of models have had a significant influence on the ways in which communities around the globe perceive and understand the bibliographic universe. This paper will focus on two areas where the conceptual models have had an important impact: bibliographic information as data and the precise delineation between content and carrier. The paper focuses on these two areas because they are of particular interest for a user with a print disability who approaches the task of discovering an appropriate resource. FRBR modeling, as expressed in the original models or in the new consolidated model, FRBR-LRM, offers a roadmap for structuring metadata in ways that allow more options for resource discovery in an increasingly global context.
Prospects for higher library education within the context of implementing professional standards in library and information activities
Authors: Rushanin Vladimir
Published: December 2018

Prospects for higher library education are discussed within the context of the professional standard «Specialist in library information activities» (2014) as a regulatory document to lay down requirement to job content and conditions, qualification and competences, actual functions (required procedures, skills, and knowledge) of various library professionals are discussed. The dependence between the education content and library practical demands and the need to overcome their disparity are revealed. The expanding range of professions for libraries is characterized. The author concludes that the professional standard is an innovative and relevant document needed to reform the higher education in librarianship and the professional training curricula. Its implementation is to improve acmeological parameters of library education, to make universities’ education program relevant to professional practice. The author emphasizes that universities will have to work hard to develop new core professional programs, to integrated them with the requirements of the professional practice (including through the more efficient interaction with employers). To consolidate professional attitude toward the challenging issues of the forthcoming reform and to implement networked education technologies for deep professional training, coordination of regional higher schools activities is needed.
Language norms in the modern library communications
Authors: Kurilenko Ekaterina
Published: December 2018

The author attempts to identify the place for the language norms in the modern library verbal communications. The relevancy of this study is determined by the crisis of verbal communications in the society (overuse of slang, frivolous borrowings from foreign languages, decay of the language culture, using gadgets in interpersonal and business communications). The author concludes that verbal communication skills are needed to harmonize all communicative components, including language norms and speech culture. The findings of the monitoring survey of library verbal communications are presented. The level of command of the modern Russian language norms is identified for library and information specialists. It was found that the largest part of respondents had insufficient knowledge of language norms which affects their professional activity. The author analyzes orthoepical (pronouncing and articulatory) errors, violation of lexical, grammar (word-formation, morphological and syntactic) and stylistic norms of the Russian language, observance of orthographic and punctuation rules in the written speech. She argues that revealing the gaps helps to define the problems of librarians’ speech culture and to increase the efficiency of verbal communications in the professional library environment, in particular within the system of advanced training.
Scientific Library of Siberian Federal University: Results, objective and landmarks
Authors: Kasyanchuk Elena , Kazantseva Vera , Baryshev Ruslan
Published: December 2018

The authors discuss the experience of the Science Library of the Siberian Federal University established through the merge of the four Krasnoyarsk higher institutions: the University, Technological University, the University of the Non-ferrous Metals and Gold, the Academy of Architecture and Construction. The history of the SFU Science Library, its main stages, the key current and prospective vectors are discussed. The authors characterize the SFU SL’s collections comprising the collections of the above mentioned institutions plus that of Krasnoyarsk State Institute of Commerce and Economics, merged later; they also characterize the Library’s users and user services. The Library’s innovative projects are presented, among them “The Siberian Federal University E-library as the information and education infrastructure of the innovative higher education institution”, the winner of the first All-Russia Library Innovations Contest, which made SFU SL one of the best Russian university libraries. The authors also discuss the Library’s projects Smart Library and Publication Activity Support Service . The SFU SL heads the Russian Library Association’s Section of higher education institutions. It is a member of the National Library Association “Libraries of the Future” and other associations; it takes part in professional contests sponsored by the RF Ministry of Education and Science and the Russian Foundation of Basic Research which enables to update and continuously optimize its activities.
The Library of Belarusian-Russian University: The history and contemporaneity
Authors: Kazakova Tatyana
Published: December 2018

The Belarusian-Russia University was established on the basis of Mogilev State Technical University, in accordance with the Agreement signed between the government of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation (Mogilev, January 19, 2001). New objectives of the library are set up due to new programs to be taught at the University. Today, the library supports 16 education programs as provided by the Belarus education standards, and 7 programs as provided by the Russian standard. The author discusses in particular: collection development funding; delivery of books published by Belarus and Russia publishers’; establishing the repository “Belarusian-Russian University E-library and digital catalog databases, and among them The Proceedings of the Belarusian-Russian University Researchers, «Authors’ abstracts. Theses», «Digital Documents»; library’s publishing activities, personal bibliographies of the prominent university scholars and researchers). The Library also acts as the coordination regional methodological center. The author concludes that the Library of Belarusian-Russian University plays a significant role in education and science promotion, opens access to the cultural heritage and intellectual resources for the students, professors and scientists, and offers relevant information products and services.
Historical role of university libraries as cultural and educational center
Authors: Podrezov K. A. , Ivanova Yu. V.
Published: December 2018

The need for studies to analyze the evolution of university libraries at the various historical stages is substantiated. The authors identify three periods when the library role was changing radically due to the changes in ideology and social demands. The authors explore the first period in detail and point to the narrative character of most publications on the library history lacking analysis of their humanitarian origins. The authors argue that, to conceptualize academic libraries mission at the present time, it is necessary to understand the university library mission from the historical perspective. They emphasize that cultural and educational activities

today is viewed in the context of personal socialization, or student’s social adaptation while the vector of information space development calls for conceptualization of the libraries’ humanitarian mission.

The authors argue that, to understand a university library mission and, speaking wider – an education humanitarian principle we have to turn to historical and philosophic essence of humanism and enlightenment at the earliest stage of Russian academic libraries of the late 18th – early 20th century.
Classification for the primary library ranking
Authors: Poltavskaya Elena
Published: December 2018

The problem of libraries classification is examined; classification is characterized; the term “type” as the aggregate diverse forms of an object is analyzed. Classification process is to support the selection of every form of the objects being classified and to reveal the essence of the type as a stable system of essential features of the subject being classified. Yu. Stolyarov’s idealized construct of a library is interpreted as a library theoretical type which enables to divide the study subject in the library science from other “libraries”. The library theoretical type corresponds with the singular concept (concept-type) of the library. The characteristic elements of the idealized construct of “Stolyarov’s library” correspond with generic concepts. Various groupings of the four elements of this mental construction determine the existence of several real library forms as the system objects of different structure. Two main library forms (two subtypes) are specified that differ in their structure: i. e. public and private libraries. Library typology is defined as a result of real library form selection in accordance with their theoretical type - the ideal construct made of 4 elements, i. e. Stolyarov’s library.
Libraries in the single information space: The demand for building digital guides of the Internet-resources
Authors: Gendina Natalya , Kolkova Nadezhda
Published: December 2018

The challenges of the information society and changes in the library world are discussed. Not to be a spare wheel in the Internet era, the libraries should upgrade the digital content they offer their users. The authors review the results of their study of information on indigenous peoples on the websites of the RF central regional libraries. Special attention is given to the digital guides of the Internet-resources that can potentially become not only the guides to library collections but also to the whole world of the Internet. The multifacet classification of digital resources generated by the libraries is suggested. Typical drawbacks of library digital guides are revealed, i. e. incomplete information on the content, lacking Internet-resource services assessment and recommendations for their specific use. The authors suggest to apply the integrated technology of building digital resources as the basis for digital guides generation and to supplement it with bibliographic (information and analytical) technologies. The authors conclude on the necessity for special methods of Internet-resource abstracting relevant to remote users information demands.
Classifying libraries on the basis of structural systematization
Authors: Poltavskaya Elena
Published: December 2018

The author suggests an uncontroversial classification of libraries based on the hierarchy of the terms derived from several generic concepts: ‘Libraries as social institutions’ and ‘personal libraries’. The general classification of libraries is obtained through dividing discrete sets in each of these two groups. Ranking the libraries into classes is introduced: line, subline, type, supratype, subtype. For the libraries serving to the society though established by individuals or collective founders without regulative documents, the author introduces the term “private public access library”. The dichotomy of special and public libraries is examined in its historical aspect. For each subclass, special and universal library types are revealed. For three of them, the special libraries are identified by the “diversity of user categories” and are interpreted as the libraries serving to special (not every) categories of users providing library materials in specific thematic area or readable in some specific manner. Public or universal libraries are oriented towards every user category with the widest and diverse information interests and physical abilities
Clustering the performance efficiency of Russian scientists in the natural sciences
Authors: Arutyunov Valery , Grishina Nataliya
Published: December 2018

The authors prove, on the basis of the analysis, that no one full-scale study of scientific performance of the organizations and researchers in the natural science has been conducted in the Russia. They propose to project the study of the publication flow in about 30 disciplines within the natural sciences based on the data of the Russian Science Citation Index to analyze the performance of Russian scientists and to obtain new knowledge on leading regional scientific clusters, organizations and personalia. The findings of the study, based on the Hirsch index and other citation indicators would enable to evaluate the Russia’s contribution into the disciplines in the form of the demanded and cited study results. The data for three disciplines are presented, namely: informatics, cybernetics, and computer engineering, supplemented with the ranking lists of Russian organizations with maximum values of citation and Hirsch indexes. The article is complemented with the tables. The article is prepared through the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Grant No. 18-07-00036.
Comparison of the level of cognitive processing between case-based items and non-case-based items on the Interuniversity Progress Test of Medicine in the Netherlands
Authors: Cecilio-Fernandes Dario , Kerdijk Wouter , Bremers Andreas Johannes , Aalders Wytze , Tio René Anton
Published: December 2018

Purpose: It is assumed that case-based questions require higher-order cognitive processing, whereas questions that are not case-based require lower-order cognitive processing. In this study, we investigated to what extent case-based and non-case-based questions followed this assumption based on Bloom’s taxonomy.Methods: In this article, 4,800 questions from the Interuniversity Progress Test of Medicine were classified based on whether they were case-based and on the level of Bloom’s taxonomy that they involved. Lower-order questions require students to remember or/and have a basic understanding of knowledge. Higher-order questions require students to apply, analyze, or/and evaluate. The phi coefficient was calculated to investigate the relationship between whether questions were case-based and the required level of cognitive processing.Results: Our results demonstrated that 98.1% of case-based questions required higher-level cognitive processing. Of the non-case-based questions, 33.7% required higher-level cognitive processing. The phi coefficient demonstrated a significant, but moderate correlation between the presence of a patient case in a question and its required level of cognitive processing (phi coefficient= 0.55, P< 0.001).Conclusion: Medical instructors should be aware of the association between item format (case-based versus non-case-based) and the cognitive processes they elicit in order to meet the desired balance in a test, taking the learning objectives and the test difficulty into account.
Contribution of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone to Cerebellar Long-Term Depression and Motor Learning
Authors: Watanave Masashi , Matsuzaki Yasunori , Nakajima Yasuyo , Ozawa Atsushi , Yamada Masanobu , Hirai Hirokazu
Published: December 2018

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) regulates various physiological activities through activation of receptors expressed in a broad range of cells in the central nervous system. The cerebellum expresses TRH receptors in granule cells and molecular layer interneurons. However, the function of TRH in the cerebellum remains to be clarified. Here, using TRH knockout (KO) mice we studied the role of TRH in the cerebellum. Immunohistochemistry showed no gross morphological differences between KO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates in the cerebellum. In the rotarod test, the initial performance of KO mice was comparable to that of WT littermates, but the learning speed of KO mice was significantly lower than that of WT littermates, suggesting impaired motor learning. The motor learning deficit in KO mice was rescued by intraperitoneal injection of TRH. Electrophysiology revealed absence of long-term depression (LTD) at parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapses in KO mice, which was rescued by bath-application of TRH. TRH was shown to increase cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content in the cerebellum. Since nitric oxide (NO) stimulates cGMP synthesis in the cerebellum, we examined whether NO-cGMP pathway was involved in TRH-mediated LTD rescue in KO mice. Pharmacological blockade of NO synthase and subsequent cGMP production prevented TRH-induced LTD expression in KO mice, whereas increase in cGMP signal in Purkinje cells by 8-bromoguanosine cyclic 3’,5’-monophosphate, a membrane-permeable cGMP analog, restored LTD without TRH application. These results suggest that TRH is involved in cerebellar LTD presumably by upregulating the basal cGMP level in Purkinje cells, and, consequently, in motor learning.
A Case of Hypokalemia Possibly Induced by Nafcillin
Authors: Casado Fernando , Mudunuru Sitarama Arvind , Nasr Rabih
Published: December 2018

(1) Background: The use of intravenous antibiotics for severe infections is a common practice, either as inpatient or outpatient treatment. In the case of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), nafcillin is a commonly prescribed intravenous antibiotic, given its known efficacy to treat infections related to this organism effectively. However, it is not without side effects. (2) Methods: We present an interesting case of persistent hypokalemia in a patient after he was started on nafcillin infusion for an MSSA infection, which eventually resolved with the completion of the treatment. (3) Results: Hypokalemia is a known side effect of nafcillin infusion, and it is believed to be mainly due to its antibiotic effect as a non-absorbable ion in the distal tubule and/or intracellular redistribution due to volume depletion. (4) Conclusions: A review of the available literature revealed that hypokalemia is a known side effect of nafcillin infusion; however, if present, it is usually mild, and only a few cases of severe hypokalemia have been reported. Usually, hypokalemia resolves when the nafcillin infusion is stopped; however, in certain cases, when this is not possible, oral potassium replacement can be used while the patient is receiving nafcillin. Clinicians should be aware of this rare, but possible, complication when using nafcillin.
The Oxidized Protein Repair Enzymes Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases and Their Roles in Protecting against Oxidative Stress, in Ageing and in Regulating Protein Function
Authors: Lourenço dos Santos Sofia , Petropoulos Isabelle , Friguet Bertrand
Published: December 2018

Cysteine and methionine residues are the amino acids most sensitive to oxidation by reactive oxygen species. However, in contrast to other amino acids, certain cysteine and methionine oxidation products can be reduced within proteins by dedicated enzymatic repair systems. Oxidation of cysteine first results in either the formation of a disulfide bridge or a sulfenic acid. Sulfenic acid can be converted to disulfide or sulfenamide or further oxidized to sulfinic acid. Disulfide can be easily reversed by different enzymatic systems such as the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase and the glutaredoxin/glutathione/glutathione reductase systems. Methionine side chains can also be oxidized by reactive oxygen species. Methionine oxidation, by the addition of an extra oxygen atom, leads to the generation of methionine sulfoxide. Enzymatically catalyzed reduction of methionine sulfoxide is achieved by either methionine sulfoxide reductase A or methionine sulfoxide reductase B, also referred as to the methionine sulfoxide reductases system. This oxidized protein repair system is further described in this review article in terms of its discovery and biologically relevant characteristics, and its important physiological roles in protecting against oxidative stress, in ageing and in regulating protein function.
Vision-Based Surface Inspection System for Bearing Rollers Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Wen Shengping , Chen Zhihong , Li Chaoxian
Published: December 2018

Bearings are commonly used machine elements and an important part of mechanical transmission. They are widely used in automobiles, airplanes, and various instruments and equipment. Bearing rollers are the most important components in a bearing and determine the performance, life, and stability of the bearing. In order to control the surface quality of the rollers, a machine vision system for bearing roller surface inspection is proposed. We briefly introduced the design of the machine vision system and then focused on the surface inspection algorithm. We proposed a multi-task convolutional neural network to detect defects. We extracted the features of the defects through a shared convolutional neural network, then classified the defects and calculated the position of the defects simultaneously. Finally, we determined if the bearing roller was qualified according to the position, category, and area of the defect. In addition, we explored various factors affecting performance and conducted a large number of experiments. We compared our method with the traditional methods and proved that our method had good stability and robustness.
The Role of Arrestin Domain-Containing 3 in Regulating Endocytic Recycling and Extracellular Vesicle Sorting of Integrin β4 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Soung Young Hwa , Ford Shane , Yan Cecilia , Chung Jun
Published: December 2018

Despite the established role of integrin β4 (ITG β4) in breast cancer progression, the importance of endocytic recycling of ITG β4 and its regulatory mechanism are poorly understood. Here, we found that a sub-population of ITG β4 is sorted into early endosomes, recycled back to the plasma membrane, and secreted in the form of extracellular vesicles (EVs) upon EGF treatment in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. A metastasis suppressor, ARRDC3 (arrestin domain-containing 3) prevents EGF-driven endocytic recycling of ITG β4 by inducing NEDD4-dependent ubiquitination of ITG β4 and targeting endosomal ITG β4 into lysosomes. Endocytic recycling of ITG β4 is linked to sorting of ITG β4 into EVs (ITG β4+ EVs). ITG β4+ EVs are mainly detectable from supernatants of TNBC cells and their production is inhibited by ARRDC3 expression. ARRDC3 reduces the metastatic potentials of breast cancer cell-derived EVs by reducing ITG β4 levels in EVs. Overall, current studies provide novel mechanistic insights on the regulatory mechanism of ITG β4 recycling, and its importance in invasive potentials of TNBC EVs, thus providing the basis for therapeutic targeting of the ARRDC3/ITG β4 pathway in TNBC.
Management of Typical and Atypical Pulmonary Carcinoids Based on Different Established Guidelines
Authors: Gosain Rohit , Mukherjee Sarbajit , Yendamuri Sai S. , Iyer Renuka
Published: December 2018

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a group of malignancies that originated from neuroendocrine cells, with the most common sites being lungs and the gastrointestinal tract. Lung NETs comprise 25% of all lung malignancies. Small cell lung cancer is the most common form of lung NETs, and other rare forms include well-differentiated typical carcinoids (TCs) and poorly differentiated atypical carcinoids (ACs). Given the paucity of randomized studies, rational treatment is challenging. Therefore, it is recommended that these decisions be made using a multidisciplinary collaborative approach. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment, when feasible. Following surgery, various guidelines offer different recommendations in the adjuvant setting. In this paper, we describe the adjuvant management of lung NETs, as recommended by different guidelines, and highlight their differences. In addition to that, we also discuss the management of metastatic lung NETS, including the use of peptide receptor radionucleotide therapy.
Security Incident Information Exchange for Cloud Service Provisioning Chains
Authors: Frøystad Christian , Tøndel Inger Anne , Jaatun Martin Gilje
Published: December 2018

Online services are increasingly becoming a composition of different cloud services, making incident-handling difficult, as Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) with end-user customers need information from other providers about incidents that occur at upstream CSPs to inform their users. In this paper, we argue the need for commonly agreed-upon incident information exchanges between providers to improve accountability of CSPs, and present both such a format and a prototype implementing it. The solution can handle simple incident information natively as well as embed standard representation formats for incident-sharing, such as IODEF and STIX. Preliminary interviews show a desire for such a solution. The discussion considers both technical challenges and non-technical aspects related to improving the situation for incident response in cloud-computing scenarios. Our solution holds the potential of making incident-sharing more efficient.
Estimating Wildlife Tag Location Errors from a VHF Receiver Mounted on a Drone
Authors: Desrochers André , Tremblay Junior A. , Aubry Yves , Chabot Dominique , Pace Paul , Bird David M.
Published: December 2018

Recent studies have demonstrated the high potential of drones as tools to facilitate wildlife radio-tracking in rugged, difficult-to-access terrain. Without estimates of accuracy, however, data obtained from receivers attached to drones will be of limited use. We estimated transmitter location errors from a drone-borne VHF (very high frequency) receiver in a hilly and dense boreal forest in southern Québec, Canada. Transmitters and the drone-borne receiver were part of the Motus radio-tracking system, a collaborative network designed to study animal movements at local to continental scales. We placed five transmitters at fixed locations, 1–2 m above ground, and flew a quadrotor drone over them along linear segments, at distances to transmitters ranging from 20 m to 534 m. Signal strength was highest with transmitters with antennae pointing upwards, and lowest with transmitters with horizontal antennae. Based on drone positions with maximum signal strength, mean location error was 134 m (range 44–278 m, n = 17). Estimating peak signal strength against drone GPS coordinates with quadratic, least-squares regressions led to lower location error (mean = 94 m, range 15–275 m, n = 10) but with frequent loss of data due to statistical estimation problems. We conclude that accuracy in this system was insufficient for high-precision purposes such as finding nests. However, in the absence of a dense array of fixed receivers, the use of drone-borne Motus receivers may be a cost-effective way to augment the quantity and quality of data, relative to deploying personnel in difficult-to-access terrain.
Multiscale Distribution Entropy Analysis of Short-Term Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Lee Dae-Young , Choi Young-Seok
Published: December 2018

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal has been commonly used to analyze the complexity of heart rate variability (HRV). For this, various entropy methods have been considerably of interest. The multiscale entropy (MSE) method, which makes use of the sample entropy (SampEn) calculation of coarse-grained time series, has attracted attention for analysis of HRV. However, the SampEn computation may fail to be defined when the length of a time series is not enough long. Recently, distribution entropy (DistEn) with improved stability for a short-term time series has been proposed. Here, we propose a novel multiscale DistEn (MDE) for analysis of the complexity of short-term HRV by utilizing a moving-averaging multiscale process and the DistEn computation of each moving-averaged time series. Thus, it provides an improved stability of entropy evaluation for short-term HRV extracted from ECG. To verify the performance of MDE, we employ the analysis of synthetic signals and confirm the superiority of MDE over MSE. Then, we evaluate the complexity of short-term HRV extracted from ECG signals of congestive heart failure (CHF) patients and healthy subjects. The experimental results exhibit that MDE is capable of quantifying the decreased complexity of HRV with aging and CHF disease with short-term HRV time series.
Asymptotic Properties for Methods Combining the Minimum Hellinger Distance Estimate and the Bayesian Nonparametric Density Estimate
Authors: Wu Yuefeng , Hooker Giles
Published: December 2018

In frequentist inference, minimizing the Hellinger distance between a kernel density estimate and a parametric family produces estimators that are both robust to outliers and statistically efficient when the parametric family contains the data-generating distribution. This paper seeks to extend these results to the use of nonparametric Bayesian density estimators within disparity methods. We propose two estimators: one replaces the kernel density estimator with the expected posterior density using a random histogram prior; the other transforms the posterior over densities into a posterior over parameters through minimizing the Hellinger distance for each density. We show that it is possible to adapt the mathematical machinery of efficient influence functions from semiparametric models to demonstrate that both our estimators are efficient in the sense of achieving the Cramér-Rao lower bound. We further demonstrate a Bernstein-von-Mises result for our second estimator, indicating that its posterior is asymptotically Gaussian. In addition, the robustness properties of classical minimum Hellinger distance estimators continue to hold.
Transient Modelling of Rotating and Stationary Cylindrical Heat Pipes: An Engineering Model
Authors: Celik Metin , Paulussen Geert , Van Erp Dennis , De Jong Wiebren , Boersma Bendiks Jan
Published: December 2018

Rotating wickless and stationary capillary cylindrical heat pipes are widely used heat transfer devices. Transient behavior of such heat pipes has been investigated numerically with computational fluid dynamics and lumped parameter models. In this paper, the advantages of both methods are combined into a novel engineering model that is low in computational cost but still accurate and rich in the details it provides. The model describes the interior dynamics of the heat pipe with a 2D representation of a cylindrical heat pipe. Liquid and vapor volumes are coarsely meshed in the axial direction. The cells are allowed to change in size in the radial direction during simulation. This allows for tracking the liquid/vapor interface without having to implement fine meshing. The model includes the equations for mass, momentum and energy and is applicable to both rotating and stationary heat pipes. The predictions of the model are validated with other experimental, numerical, and analytical works having an average deviation of less than 4%. The effects of various parameters on the system are explored. The presented model is suitable for the simulation of heat pipe systems in which both the level of detail and the computational cost are crucial factors.