bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public contestation practices in Russia in 2000–2020
Authors: Savenkov Roman
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the influence exerted by the limitation of legal opportunities for public contestation in the 2000s on the scope of mobilization and the repertoire of public contestation practices. The term ‘public contestation’ is used to describe forms of individual and collective political activity focused on criticizing, denying and resisting the current government project, including by introducing alternative projects. The public contestation includes constructive actions of political actors not related to causing damage or disposing of political opponents. The paper is based on political and legal analysis and on some elements of event analysis. In the 2000s, the scale of public contestation on discursive and protest platforms was smaller than over the next decade, which did not create any needs for detailed regulation of such activities. At the same time, changes in political and legal opportunities in the electoral and party field were quite intense throughout 2000–2020. The most popular forms of public contestation were public events (in 2011–2018), as well as discursive activity on the Internet and in mass media (after 2018). During the above mentioned period, we see the biggest changes in legal opportunities in this field and increasing penalties for respective violations. The electoral field shows the pendulum dynamics: decreasing and increasing opportunities in 2000–2011 and 2012–2019, respectively. A meaningful factor of narrowing legal opportunities for public contestation is the potential financial, organizational and information support of public contestation practices by foreign entities.
Zastaw na papierach wartościowych a bezpieczeństwo finansowe przedsiębiorstwa
Authors: Duraj Natasza
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the relationship between collateral in the form of a pledge on securities and financial security of an enterprise. Purpose of the study was considered to be important from the point of view of the scientific research’s needs as well as the business practice because of the essential role and the significance of the pledge in financial support of a company. The paper presents issues concerning the nature and the types of pledge on securities, as well as the basic rights and obligations of the pledger and the pledgee. Moreover, it describes the issues that are commonly encountered in the economic practice relating to the methods of securing the execution of commitments.
Transgraniczne fuzje i przejęcia przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Żak Katarzyna
Published: May 2021

This paper presents the main reasons of international decision-making strategies to acquire, as well as the scale of the phenomenon in the years 2006–2012. On the basis of the „World Investment Report 2013” and „Central and South Eastern Europe M&A Barometer 2012, Ernst&Young Report” shows how the Polish enterprises find themselves in the international market of mergers and acquisitions, on the one hand – as traders bought by foreign investors, on the other hand – as entities that carry out international mergers and acquisitions.
WAKOWAJI (Waras Ekonomi Waras Jiwa) Improvement of productivity in Era New Normal of Mulo Village, Wonosari, Gunung Kidul
Authors: ongki ongki , Laoli Feliks Hendrikjayanto , Wijane Wayan Agus , Saputra Wisnu Wijaya , Sari Galuh Novita , Ardini Ella Sri , Ningrum Oktavianna Kusuma , Putri Beatrich Alfika Manu , Hio Rosmawati , Ikaningtyas Nurlia
Published: May 2021

Kabupaten Gunungkidul mempunyai topografi yang mayoritas wilayahnya berupa kawasan perbukitan karst yang mengakibatkan lahan pertanian menjadi kurang subur. Hal ini berdampak pada budidaya pertanian yang dari tahun ke tahun belum menunjukkan hasil optimal dan rendahnya tingkat perekonomian masyarakat serta kemisikinan yang tinggi di wilayah Gunungkidul. Banyaknya orang dengan penghasilan rendah, menjadi salah satu penyebab tingginya Orang Dengan Disabilitas Psikososial (ODDP) di Gunungkidul. Jumlah ODDP di Desa Mulo ada 18 orang. Berdasarkan screening yang telah dilakukan didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut yaitu satu orang masuk kedalam kategori akut, dua orang masuk dalam kategori maintenance, dan 15 orang masuk ke dalam kategori health promotion. Hal ini memberikan dampak buruk terhadap perekonomian warga Desa Mulo. Tujuan dari program ini yaitu mengembangkan potensi sumber daya alam, memaparkan faktor yang mempengaruhi tingginya kasus gangguan kesehatan jiwa, mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh perekonomian terhadap kesehatan jiwa warga Desa Mulo pada era new normal. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan secara luring (luar jaringan), dengan tahap kegiatan dimulai dari screening, pengkategorian, pemberian intervensi berupa pemberian Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok (TAK), Self Help Group (SHG) dan pemberdayaan ODDP dengan pembuatan manggleng dan berternak kambing. Hasil dari enam indikator yang telah dilaksanakan berupa peningkatan perubahan perilaku. ODDP mampu melakukan kegiatan yang positif secara mandiri seperti minum obat teratur, mampu mengungkapkan pendapat, dan bekerja sesuai dengan ketrampilan serta kemampuan yang dimiliki di era new normal. ODDP mampu berinteraksi sosial dengan warga sekitar dan mampu meningkatkan produktivitas ekonomi berupa kegiatan pembuatan manggleng serta berternak kambing.
Mapping Effective Field Theory to Multifractal Geometry
Authors: Goldfain Ervin
Published: May 2021

Fractals and multifractals are well-known trademarks of nonlinear dynamics and classical chaos. The goal of this work is to tentatively uncover the unforeseen path from multifractals and selfsimilarity to the framework of effective field theory (EFT). An intriguing finding is that the partition function of multifractal geometry includes a signature analogous to that of gravitational interaction. Our results also suggest that multifractal geometry may offer insights into the non-renormalizable interactions presumed to develop beyond the Standard Model scale.
Systematic Review of Centrifugal Valving Based on Digital Twin Modelling towards Highly Integrated Lab-on-a-Disc Systems
Authors: Ducrée Jens
Published: May 2021

Current, application-driven trends towards larger-scale integration (LSI) of microfluidic systems for comprehensive assay automation and multiplexing pose significant technological and economical challenges to developers. By virtue of their intrinsic capability for powerful sample preparation, centrifugal systems have attracted significant interest in academia and business since the early 1990s. This review models common, rotationally controlled valving schemes at the heart of such “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) platforms to predict critical spin rates and reliability of flow control mainly based on geometries, location and liquid volumes to be processed, and their experimental tolerances. In absence of larger-scale manufacturing facilities during product development, the method presented here facilitates the provision of efficient simulation tools for virtual prototyping and characterization to greatly expedite design optimization according to key performance metrics. This virtual in silico approach thus significantly accelerates, de-risks and lowers costs along the critical advancement from idea, fluidic testing, bioanalytical validation and scale-up to commercial mass manufacture.
Impact of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Exposure on Cognitive Function and Neurodegeneration in Humans. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Humphreys Jessica , Valdés Hernández Maria Del Carmen
Published: May 2021

This review documents an emerging body of evidence concerning the neurological effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure, with regard to cognitive function and increased risk of neurodegeneration. Two electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science were systematically searched. The 37/428 studies selected included outcomes measuring cognitive function, neurobehavioral symptoms of impaired cognition, and pathologies associated with neurodegeneration from prenatal (21/37 studies), childhood (14/37 studies), and adult (8/37 studies) PAH exposure. Sufficient evidence surrounding prenatal exposure negatively impacting child intelligence, mental development, average overall development, verbal IQ, memory impairment, externalizing, internalizing, anxious, depressed behaviours, behavioural development and child attentiveness was found. Evidence concerning exposure during childhood and as an adult was scarce and highly heterogeneous, however presence of neurodegenerative biomarkers and increased concentrations of cryptic “self” antigens in serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples suggest a higher risk of neurodegenerative disease. Associations with lowered cognitive ability, and impaired attentiveness were found in children and memory disturbances, specifically auditory memory, verbal learning and general memory in adults. Although evidence is not yet conclusive and further research is needed the studies included supported the hypothesis that PAH exposure negatively impacts cognitive function and increases the risk of neurodegeneration in humans, and recommends considering the introduction of a variable “rural vs. urban” as covariate for adjusting analyses where the neurological functions affected (as result of our review) are outcome variables.
Areas of Modernization of Preparation of Future Elementary School Teachers in the Countries of the European Community
Authors: Onyshkiv Zinovii , Kodliuk Yaroslava , Lesina Tetiana , Malyna Olena , Kichuk Nadya
Published: May 2021

The article describes the directions of modernization of preparation of future elementary school teachers in the countries of the European Community, analyzes the normative documents, which reflect the basic requirements for professional pedagogical training. The ways of standardization of elementary school teachers training in pedagogical colleges at the pedagogical faculties of universities are distinguished: national standard of qualified teacher, national curriculum, criteria for professional and pedagogical readiness of the university graduates are defined and reflected in their qualification characteristics. Psychological-pedagogical component, which includes a cycle of psycho-pedagogical disciplines, is recognized as a priority in the professional training of teachers. A characteristic feature of professional pedagogical training is two-phase – academic and practical training, two-stage system of training: at the level of bachelor and master. The tendency to reduce the number of pedagogical colleges and their accession to universities is indicated. The integration of pedagogical education of the countries of the European Community is characterized and the principles of development of the European educational space are named. Four paradigms that coexist in the educational systems of European countries are distinguished: academic-traditional, technological, individual, and research-oriented. The role of pedagogical practice in the system of preparation of future primary school teachers in the countries of Europe is characterized, its types and duration are distinguished.
Student’s Motivation of Counseling in Entrepreneurs
Authors: Yulianto
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study was explored student’s motivation for Guidance and Counseling major at STKIP Muhammadiayah Pringsewu in entrepreneurship. The results of research can be concluded that the study involved three subjects, namely STKIP Muhammadiyah Pringsewu students who were entrepreneurs. The three subjects came from the Department of Counseling Guidance. The three subjects are from different semesters. The first subject was entrepreneurship in selling Muslim clothing and equipment, the second subject was entrepreneurship in the field of selling food and beverages, and the third subject was entrepreneurship in the field of typing services. The three subjects in this study had different entrepreneurial motivations, DMS had a motive for self-development, ASP had an independence motive, and the AL had income motives. Students who are entrepreneurs is not only because of their income, but the subject prioritizes the interests of their studies compared to entrepreneurs, this is because the subject does not pursue the income target of the entrepreneur, while the subject makes the entrepreneur as source of income that meets the economic needs of his life, when there are things that must be solved simultaneously between study and entrepreneurship, subjects tend to choose entrepreneurship, because entrepreneurship can provide income that can meet their daily needs and meet their security needs.
Research on Rural Leisure Planning and Design from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization
Authors: Xiaohui Yu , Hui Zhao
Published: May 2021

Rural Revitalization cannot be carried out simply through industrialization that has been done by the traditional development. It needs the simultaneous development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries because the traditional development mode of rural tourism, which allows farmers to move away from villages and occupy good natural resources, has not been accepted.  In the process of rural revitalization development, the village collective should play a major role in formulating standardized processes and methods, focusing on optimizing resources, excavating the unique culture of the countryside, and encouraging the villagers to participate actively.   As an important link between villagers, tourists and the natural environment, rural leisure can promote villagers' return, retain tourists, and finally promote rural revitalization with the concept of ecological civilization, so as to realize the sustainable development of rural areas.
Effects of Mobile Phones on Students’ Academic Performance in Religious
Education

Authors: Mabuza Mangaliso Quinton , Osodo Joseph
Published: May 2021

This study examined the effects of the mobile phones on high school students’
academic performance in Religious Education. The aim of the study was to test the
efficiency using of mobile phones against the lecture method. Seventy-two participants
(31 females and 41 males), in the Kingdom of Eswatini, participated in this
quasi-experimental study. Purposive sampling was used to select participants who were
randomly assigned to two groups (control and experimental). The control group was taught
the topics, “The birth of the church and its spread” using a lecture method, whereas the
experimental group was taught the same topic using mobile phones. The independent t-test
and the dependent t-test were used to analyse data. The independent variable used was
“teaching method,” with two levels: lecture versus mobile phones. The dependent variable
was the participants’ scores derived from the pre-test and post-test. The independent
t-test and the dependent t-test were used to analyze data. The results revealed that
there was a significant difference in favor of the experimental group. The study
concluded that the use of mobile phones improved students’ academic performance in
Religious Education, and thus the integration use of mobile phones in the teaching of
Religious Education is recommended in order to improve performance.
Research Protocol for an Observational Health Data Analysis to Assess the Long-term Outcomes of Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Non-Interventional Management (i.e., Watchful Waiting) and the Impact of Comorbidities and Life Expectancy – PIONEER IMI’s “Big Data for Better Outcomes” program
Authors: Gandaglia Giorgio , Bochove Kees van , Bjartell Anders , Briganti Alberto , Conford Phil , Axelsson Susan Evans , Golozar Asieh , Hemelrijck Mieke Van , Beyer Katharina , Willemse Peter-Paul , Omar Muhammad Imran , N’Dow James , Asiimwe Alex , Roobol Monique , Snijder Robert , Steinbeisser Carl , Bergh Roderick Van Den , Fatoba Samuel , Achtman Ariel , Alshammari Thamir M , Thurin Nicolas , Kinnaird Adam , Remmers Sebastian , Smith Emma Jane , Campi Riccardo , Greco Isabella
Published: May 2021

This is a study protocol for an observational health data analysis, submitted as a preprint to facilitate transparency and open science. Watchful waiting (WW) represents a deferred treatment option for prostate cancer (PCa) patients when curative treatment seems overtreatment right from the outset. Patients are ‘watched’ for the development of local or systemic progression with disease-related symptoms, at which stage they are then treated palliatively according to their symptoms, in order to maintain quality of life. When choosing WW, it is important to adequately assess life expectancy of patients. Although previous studies reported the outcomes of PCa patients managed with WW, which is the impact of individual patient characteristics and comorbidities on long-term outcomes is still largely unknown. The PIONEER, which is a novel project of the Innovative Medicine Initiative’s (IMI’s) “Big Data for Better Outcomes” program with the mission to transform PCa care with particular focus on improving cancer-related outcomes, health system efficiency and the quality of health and social care across Europe, aims at assessing which are the long-term outcomes of PCa patients undergoing WW overall and after stratification according to disease characteristics, comorbidities and life expectancy. Of note, this topic emerged as the second one with the highest agreement score among different stakeholders after an international consensus to identify and prioritize the most important questions in the field of PCa. This study aims to describe demographics, clinical characteristics and estimate outcomes of PCa patients under delayed treatment (WW) across a network of databases in the overall population and subgroups of patients identified by individual disease characteristics, demographics and comorbidities. The study will rely on large observational data, namely population-based registries, electronic health records and insurance claims data. The study will be an observational cohort study based on routinely collected health care data which has been mapped to the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM).
Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique Versus Mulligan Mobilization on Functional Disability in Non-Specific Low Back Pain.
Authors: Chitale Neha , Patil Deepali , Phansopkar Pratik
Published: May 2021

Any pain in lower back region that remains for more than 12 weeks is chronic low back pain. Nonspecific low back pain is a type of low back pain where the origin of pain is unknown. Various manoeuvres are performed in order to reduce pain and disability: Integrated neuromuscular inhibition and Mulligan lumbar mobilisation is used for the same. So, this study will be conducted to compare the effect of integrated neuromuscular inhibition and mulligan lumbar SNAG in subjects with nonspecific low back pain. In this experimental study total 80 patients with chronic low back pain will be included and they will be equally divided into two groups. Group A will receive integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique while Group B will receive mulligan movement with mobilization sustained natural apophyseal glide for 2 weeks and pain and disability will be assessed at the start of treatment after 1 week and after 2 weeks. The clinical trial registry- India(CTRI) registration number for this trial is CTRI/2021/05/033461.
In Vivo Kinematic Analysis of Bicruciate-Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty Focused on Function of the ACL
Authors: Ishigaki Kosei , Aoki Hideyuki , Takamatsu Ryo , Nishiwaki Yuji , Takahashi Hiroshi , Nakamura Takashi
Published: May 2021

uncertain. In this study, we performed an in vivo kinematic analysis of squat motion on level ground and on a downward slope in patients treated with BCR-TKA to examine the value of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) preservation.Methods: The subjects were ten valgus knees that underwent TKA (BCR: 5 knees, CR: 5 knees) at our hospital. We evaluated in vivo kinematics of the knee using fluoroscopy and investigated the femoral component translation relative to the tibial component from extension to maximum flexion, and the rotation angle between the components under the two conditions. Statistical analysis was conducted by Mann-Whitney U test to compare the rotational angle, the location of lateral and medial contact points per flexion angle. Differences in these parameters between the BCR and CR groups across the flexion angles were compared by repeated measures ANOVA. Results: Rotation of the femoral component to the tibial component occurred gradually as flexion continued. On level ground, lateral rotation at 0° to 120° flexion was 14.5±1.95° in the BCR group and 7.9±0.47° in the CR group. Medial translation was 4.1±1.73mm in the BCR group and 2.5±1.64mm in the CR group, and lateral translation was 13.2±1.6mm in the BCR group and 7.1±1.74mm in the CR group. On a forward slope, lateral rotation was 12.7±1.45° in the BCR group and 7.57±0.47° in the CR group. Medial translation was 5.87±1.78mm in the BCR and 2.9±0.81mm in the CR, and lateral translation was 13.6±1.84mm in the BCR and 7.4±0.96mm in the CR.Conclusion: An in vivo kinetics analysis of deep flexion motion was conducted on level ground and on a forward slope to stress the ACL. Under both conditions, kinetics close to screw home movement were found in the BCR group and rotation was significantly larger than that in the CR group. The medial contact point between components was located significantly more anterior in the BCR group. In conclusion, BCR-TKA was found to have in vivo kinetics close to those of a normal knee, in comparison with CR-TKA.
The Preventive and Treatment of the Neuro-Inflammasome in Sorokdo National Hospital
Authors: Lee Jong-hoon , Lee Chul Joong , Park Jungwuk , Lee So Jeong , Choi Su-Hee
Published: May 2021

Aim/Background: This study investigated leprosy patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) treated with 4,4’-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS, Dapsone) as a neuroinflammasome competitor. Method: We searched all medical records of the Sorokdo National Hospital and the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea and when the Korean government computerized the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 code and Electronic Data Interchange (EDI). The Seoul study analyzed AD, and anti-AD drugs in the Sorokdo National Hospital's EDI database archived from January 2005 to June 2020 through the ICD-9 and -10 codes with National Health Insurance System. Result: The relation between DDS and AD each year was analyzed using the chi-square tests. P-values from 2007 to 2020 were significant. (P-value < 0.05) Treatment effects were proved with the T-Test Calculator. Four groups were defined: Treatment 1: DDS (+) AD (+), Treatment 2: DDS (+) AD (-), Treatment 3: DDS (-) AD (+), Treatment 4: DDS (-) AD (-). The results are all significant at p < .05. Dapsone treats AD.Conclusion: Our study is the first to prove Dapsone as a preventive treatment for AD through observational studies for 15 years. This study demonstrated the neuroinflammasome therapy for AD.
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Especially Haploidentical, May Improve Long-Term Survival for Children with High-Risk T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in First Complete Remission
Authors: Zhang Yong-zhan , Bai Lu , Huang Xiao-jun , Lu Ai-dong , Wang Yu , Wu Jun , Zhang Xiao-hui , Zuo Ying-xi , Xu Lan-ping , Jia Yue-ping , Cheng Yi-fei , Zhang Le-ping
Published: May 2021

Background: The role of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for children with high-risk (HR) T- cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in first complete remission (CR1) is still under critical discussion. Moreover, relapse is still the main factor affecting survival. This study explored the effect of allo-HSCT (especially haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT) ) on improving survival and reducing relapse for children with HR T-ALL in CR1 and the prognostic factors of childhood T-ALL in order to identify who could benefit from HSCT.Methods: Seventy-four newly diagnosed pediatric T-ALL patients were included in this study and stratified into low-risk chemotherapy cohort (n=16), high-risk chemotherapy cohort (n=31) and high-risk transplant cohort (n=27). The characteristics, survival outcomes and prognostic factors of all patients were analyzed.Results: Patient prognosis in the high-risk chemotherapy cohort was significantly inferior to the low-risk chemotherapy cohort (5-year overall survival (OS): 51.2%±10% vs. 100%, P = 0.003; 5-year event-free survival (EFS): 48.4%±9.8% vs. 93.8%±6.1%, P = 0.01; 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR): 45.5%±0.8% vs. 6.3%±0.4%, P = 0.043). For high-risk patients, allo-HSCT could improve the 5-year EFS and CIR compared to chemotherapy (5-year EFS: 77.0%±8.3% vs. 48.4%±9.8%, P = 0.041; 5-year CIR: 11.9%±0.4% vs. 45.5%±0.8%, P = 0.011). 5-year OS in high-risk transplant cohort had a trend for better than that in high-risk chemotherapy cohort ( 77.0%±8.3% vs. 51.2%±10%, P = 0.084). Haplo-HSCT could reduce relapse and had a trend for improving long-term survival for HR patients when compared to the high-risk chemotherapy cohort (5-year OS: 80.0%±8.9% vs. 51.2%±10%, P = 0.093; 5-year EFS: 80.0%±8.9% vs. 48.4%±9.8%, P = 0.047; 5-year CIR: 13.9%±0.6% vs. 45.5%±0.8%, P = 0.022). Minimal residual disease (MRD) re-emergence was the independent risk factor associated with 5-year OS, EFS and CIR.Conclusions: allo-HSCT, especially haplo-HSCT, might effectively improve the survival outcomes for HR childhood T-ALL in CR1.
New Hybrid Method Based Differential Evolution for Identifying a Single Diode Photovoltaic Cell Parameters with Temperature Variation
Authors: Mengue Martial Dieudonné , TEWA Alain KAMMOGNE SOUP , Yamapi René , Fotsin Hilaire Bertrand
Published: May 2021

At the time when renewable energy is making the headlines, photovoltaic technology has shown significant potential as one of the best energy sources. It is therefore necessary to predict the performance of a photovoltaic system by modeling it accurately and optimally. In this work, we propose a new hybrid algorithm for extracting parameters to improve the performance and the efficiency of a PV cell when subjected to temperature variations. The metaheuristic approach combined with an analytical approach to improve the accuracy and robustness that we call the Improved Differential Evolution (IDE). The performances of the proposed method are evaluated by clicking on cell data. For validation purposes, several analyses and comparisons are made with other methods, and the results illustrate the accuracy and precision of the IDE. The proposed technique is able to estimate the parameters in an optimal way whatever the temperature together with a high convergence speed and a short simulation time.
Effect of Home-based Prehabilitation in an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program for Patients Undergoing Colorectal Cancer Surgery during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: -Arias Francisco López-Rodríguez , Sánchez-Guillén Luis , Aranaz-Ostáriz Verónica , Triguero-Cánovas Daniel , Lario-Pérez Sandra , Barber-Vallés Xavier , Lacueva Francisco Javier , Ramírez Jose M , Arroyo Antonio
Published: May 2021

BackgroundSurgery remains the first curative treatment for colorectal cancer. Prehabilitation seems to attenuate the loss of lean mass in the early postoperative period. However, its long-term role has not been studied. Lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic has forced to carry out the prehabilitation program at home.This study aimed to assess the effect of home prehabilitation on body composition, complications and hospital stay in patients undergoing oncological colorectal surgery.MéthodsA prospective and randomized clinical study was conducted in 20 patients operated of colorectal cancer during COVID-19 lockdown (13th March -21st June 2020) in a single university clinical hospital. Patients was randomly into two study groups (10 per group): Prehabilitation vs Standard Care. Changes in lean mass and fat mass at 45 and 90 days after surgery was measured using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis.ResultsPrehabilitation managed to reduce hospital stay (4.8 vs 7.2 days, p = 0.052) and postoperative complications (20% vs 50%, p = 0.16).45 days after surgery, the loss of lean mass decreased (1.7% vs 7.1%, p = 0.17). These differences in lean mass were attenuated at 90 days, however, the standard care group increased considerably their fat mass compared to the prehabilitation group (+ 8.72% vs -8.16%).ConclusionsHome prehabilitation has proven its effectiveness achieving an attenuation of lean mass loss in the early postoperative period and a lower gain in fat mass in the late postoperative period. In addition, it has managed to reduce hospital stay and postoperative complications.Registration numberThis article is part of an ongoing, randomized and controlled clinical trial approved by the Ethics Committee of our Hospital and registred in ClinicalTrials.gov in August 2018 with registration number NCT03618329.
Determinants of Influenza Vaccine Hesitancy among Pregnant Women in Europe: A Systematic Review
Authors: Adeyanju Gbadebo Collins , Engel Elena , Koch Laura , Ranzinger Tabea , Shahid Imtiaz Bin Mohammed , Head Micheal G. , Eitze Sarah , Betsch Cornelia
Published: May 2021

Background

Pregnant women are at high risk for severe influenza, but maternal influenza vaccination uptake in most World Health Organization (WHO) European Region countries remains low, despite the presence of widespread national recommendations. An influenza vaccination reduces influenza-associated morbidity and mortality in pregnancy, as well as provides newborns with protection in their first months. Potential determinants of vaccine hesitancy need to be identified to develop strategies that can increase vaccine acceptance and uptake among pregnant women. The primary objective of the systematic review is to identify the individual determinants of influenza vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women in Europe and how to overcome the hesitancy.
Methods

Databases were searched for peer-reviewed qualitative and quantitative studies published between 2009 and 2019. These included PubMed via MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, SAGE Journals, Taylor & Francis and Springer nature, covering the areas of psychology, medicine, and public health. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, 11 studies were eligible and analyzed for significant determinants of influenza vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women in Europe.
Results

The most reported factors were psychological aspects, for example concerns about safety and risks to mother and child, or general low risk perception of becoming ill from influenza. Doubts about the effectiveness of the vaccine and a lack of knowledge about this topic were further factors. There was also influence of contextual factors such as healthcare workers not providing adequate knowledge about the influenza vaccine or stating their anti-vaccine sentiment.
Conclusion

To overcome influenza vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women, it seems essential to increase the knowledge about influenza and the respective vaccination and to provide information for a valid risk judgment. The development of new information strategies for dialogue between healthcare providers and pregnant women should form part of this strategy.
Characterization of a major QTL and Genome-Wide Epistatic Interactions for the Transformation of Single Spikelet in Teosinte Ears into Paired Spikelets in Maize Ears During Maize Domestication
Authors: Chen Zhengjie , Hu Kun , Yin Yong , Tang Dengguo , Ni Jixing , Li Peng , Wang Le , Rong Tingzhao , liu jian
Published: May 2021

Maize ear carries paired spikelets, whereas the ear of its wild ancestor, teosinte, bears single spikelets. However, little is known about the genetic basis of the processes of transformation of single spikelets in teosinte ear to paired spikelets in maize ear. In this study, a two-ranked, paired-spikelets primitive maize and a two-ranked, single-spikelet teosinte were utilized to develop an F2 population, and QTL mapping for single vs. paired spikelets (PEDS) was performed. Two QTL (qPEDS1.1 and qPEDS3.1) for PEDS located on chromosomes 1L and 3S were identified in the 162 F2 plants using the inclusive composite interval mapping of additive (ICIM-ADD) module, explaining 1.93% and 23.79% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. Out of the 409 F2 plants, 43 plants with PEDS = 0% and 43 plants with PEDS > 20% were selected for selective genotyping; the QTL (qPEDS3.1) accounting for 64.01% of the phenotypic variance for PEDS was also detected. Moreover, the QTL (qPEDS3.1) was validated in three environments, which explained 31.05%, 38.94% and 23.16% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. In addition, 50 epistatic QTLs were detected in 162 F2 plants using the two-locus epistatic QTL (ICIM-EPI) module; they were distributed on all 10 chromosomes and explained 94.40% of the total phenotypic variance. The results contribute to a better understanding of the genetic basis of domestication of paired spikelets and provide a genetic resource for future map-based cloning; in addition, the systematic dissection of epistatic interactions underlies a theoretical framework for overcoming epistatic effects on QTL fine mapping.
Assessing The Economic Viability And Fueling Capacity of Renewable Hydrogen: A Way Forward For Green Economic Performance And Policy Measures
Authors: Wu Baijun , Zhai Bingfeng , Mu Huaizi , Peng Xin , Wang Chao , Patwary Ataul Karim
Published: May 2021

Energy security and environmental measurements are incomplete without renewable energy therefore there is a dire need to explore new energy sources. Therefore, the aim of this study is to measure the wind power potential to generate the renewable hydrogen including its production and supply cost. We used first order eneginnering model and net present value to measure the levelized cost of wind generated renewable hydrogen by using the data source of Pakistan metorological department and State bank of Paksitan. Results shows that the use of surplus wind and renewable hydoregn energy for green economic production is suggested as an innovative project option for large-scale hydrogen use. The key annual running expenses for hydrogen are electricity and storage cost, which have a major impact on the costs of renwable hydrogen. Also, the results indicates that project has the potential to cut CO2 pollution by 139 million metric tons and raise revenue for wind power plants by 2998.52 million dollars. The renewable electrolyzer plants avoided CO2 at a rate of 24.9–36.9 $/ton under baseload service, relative to 44.3 $/ton for the benchmark. However, in the more practical mid-load situation, these plants have a significant benefit. Further, the wind generated renewable hydrogen deliver a 6–11% larger than annual rate of return than the standard CO2 catch plant due to their capacity to remain running and supply hydrogen to the consumer through periods of plentiful wind and heat. Also, the measured levelized output cost of hydrogen (LCOH) was 6.22$/kgH2 and for the PEC system, it was 8.43 $/kgH2. Finally, its mutually agreed consensus of the environmental scientist that integration of renewable energy is the way forward to increase energy security and environmental performance by ensuring uninterrupted clean and green energy. Further, this application has the potential to address Pakistan’s urgent issues of large-scale surplus wind and solar-generated energy, as well as rising enegry demand.
Clinical Aspects and Prognostic Factors for Survival in Patients with Recurrent Cervical Cancer after Radical Hysterectomy and Adjuvant Radiochemotherapy
Authors: Zhu Huiting , Yan Wenjuan , Gao Yuhua
Published: May 2021

Purpose To investigate the recurrence patterns and prognostic factors of patients with recurrent cervical cancer after radical hysterectomy with node dissection (RHND) followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (RT)/concurrent radiochemotherapy (CCRT). Methods Between January 1, 2012 and May 31, 2018, the medical records of 153 patients with pre-operative FIGO stage IB-IIA disease treated with RHND followed by adjuvant RT/CCRT in Liaoning Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results The median disease progression-free survival (PFS) time was 16 months. 75.2% (115/153) patients had disease relapse within 2 years. The survival of patients with recurrences in multiple organs was signifificantly lower in comparison to those with recurrences in single organ ( P <0.001). The survival rate of patients with distant metastasis (DM) and distant metastasis with local recurrence (LR) was significantly lower than that of patients with simple LR ( P =0.006, P <0.001). Furthermore, the survival rate of patients with LR+DM was significantly lower than that of patients with simple DM ( P =0.046).The multivariate analysis showed that resection margin involvement, para-aortic and common iliac lymph node metastasis, DM, no treatment after disease relapse and early disease relapse were independent prognostic fators asscociated with poor survivals. Conclusion Most cervical cancer patients who received initial RHND followed by adjuvant RT/CCRT occurred disease relapse within 2 years. Resection margin involvement, para-aortic and common iliac lymph node metastasis, DM, no treatment after recurrence and early disease relapse were found to be prognostic factors in patients with recurrent cervical cancer after RHND followed by adjuvant RT/CCRT.
The Nomograms for Predicting Cancer-specific Survival in Patients With Ovarian Cancer After Surgery
Authors: Chen Xiaobin
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary (CCAO) and mixed cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary (MACO) were one of the gynecological malignancies.Methods: Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis were used to determine prognostic factors. Drawing nomograms, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the calibration curve was applied to evaluate the agreement of the nomogram. The survival analysis was constructed to the high-risk factors.Results: The nomogram was constructed and had a better discrimination. The calibration curves indicated that the nomograms had good calibration capabilities.4 or more regional lymph nodes removed by surgery was beneficial to the patient's prognosis. Conclusions: Our study analyzed the prognosis of CCAO or MACO patients, and constructed a predictive nomogram with good accuracy.
Statistical Analysis of Mesovortices During The First Rainy Season In South China
Authors: Tang Ying , Xu Xin , Chen Yuanzhao , Chen Xunlai , Liang Jiahao , Liu Jia , Wang Yuan
Published: May 2021

Based on the Doppler radar observation and reanalysis data, the statistical characteristics of mesovortices (MVs) during the first rainy season (April–June) in South China from 2017 to 2019 are studied, including their spatio-temporal distributions, structural features and favorable environmental conditions. The results show that the MVs usually exhibit short lifetime, among which about 70% last for less than 30 minutes. The intensity and horizontal scale of the MVs are proportional to their lifetime. Long-lived MVs have larger horizontal scales and stronger intensities than short-lived ones. The MVs are mainly observed over the Pearl River Delta region, followed by the western Guangdong province, but relatively fewer in both eastern and northern Guangdong province. The uneven spatial distribution of the MVs is closely related to the differences of environment conditions over South China. The monsoonal south-westerlies, water vapor flux, atmospheric instability and vertical wind shear over southwest Guangdong are significantly larger than those in other regions, which are favorable for the formation of MVs. The occurrence frequencies of MVs in central and southern parts of Guangdong display similar diurnal variations, reaching the peak during the late afternoon and early evening, while dropping to the minimum overnight. However, the situation is opposite in northern Guangdong, with the peak overnight and the minimum during the late afternoon and early evening.
Portal and Mesenteric Venous Calcification in Patients with Advanced Cirrhosis: Two Case Reports and Literature
Authors: Pan Bing , Lyu Shao-Cheng , He Qiang
Published: May 2021

The incidence of portal and mesenteric venous calcifications in patients with cirrhosis has rarely been reported. It is also very difficult to determine the vascular lesions in preoperative imaging examination. The liver cirrhosis patients associated with portal venous calcification have high postoperative complications and mortality, but poor prognosis. We present the case of two patients (45-year-old male, case 1; 50-year-old male, case 2). Both patients were admitted to the hospital with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension associated symptoms. The cases and review of published reports suggest that, calcification in the portal vein system is extremely rare, and always occurs in patients with long-standing liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension gastroesophageal varices and splenomegaly. The presence of portal vein calcification on CT may be a sign of portal vein thrombosis, which may result in a difficult transplantation, and poor prognosis.
Short-Pulse and Directional Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation - Differential Effects in Parkinsonian and Essential Tremor
Authors: Hidding Ute , Schaper Miriam , Gulberti Alessandro , Buhmann Carsten , Gerloff Christian , Moll Christian , Hamel Wolfgang , Choe Chi-un , Pötter-Nerger Monika
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of novel stimulation algorithms of deep brain stimulation (short pulse and directional stimulation) in the ventrointermediate thalamus and posterior subthalamic area (VIM/PSA-DBS) on tremor in Parkinson´s disease (PD) and to compare the effects with those in Essential tremor (ET). Methods: We recruited six PD patients (70.8±10.4 years) and seven ET patients (64.4±9.9 years) with implanted VIM/PSA-DBS in a stable treatment condition (>3months postoperatively). Tremor severity and ataxia were assessed in four different stimulation conditions in a randomized order: DBS switched off (STIM OFF), omnidirectional stimulation with 60µs (oDBS60), omnidirectional stimulation with 30µs (oDBS30), directional stimulation at the best segment with 60µs (dDBS60)). Results: In both patient groups, all three DBS stimulation modes reduced the total tremor score compared to STIM OFF, whereas stimulation-induced ataxia was reduced by oDBS30 and partially by dDBS60 compared to oDBS60. Tremor reduction was more pronounced in PD than in ET due to a limited DBS effect on intention and action-specific drawing tremor. Conclusion: In PD and ET tremor, the use of short pulse or directional VIM/PSA-DBS is an effective tool to enhance the therapeutic window.The study was registered in the DRKS (ID DRKS00025329, 18.05.2021).
Efficacy of Insecticide Aerial Spraying Programs to Reduce Tree Mortality During a Spruce Budworm Outbreak (1967‒1992) in the Quebec Province.
Authors: Fuentealba Alvaro , Dupont Alain , Quezada-Garcia Roberto , Bauce Éric
Published: May 2021

Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) is the most important pest of conifer forests in Eastern North America. The main approach to protect Quebec forests against this defoliator is aerial spraying of insecticides. Despite the crucial role of aerial spraying of insecticides in the global forest protection strategy, little is known about its real impact on tree mortality reduction or the stand characteristics that may affect its long-term efficacy. We evaluate the efficacy of the protection program implemented between 1967 and 1992 in reducing tree mortality during the previous outbreak in Quebec and how its efficacy is affected by stand characteristics such as drainage quality and stand age. We established 422 plots in Eastern Quebec based on the following parameters: insecticide application (0-13 years), stand composition, drainage quality, and stand age at the beginning of the previous outbreak. Our results show that unprotected plots exhibited in average between 18 and 32.6% higher mortality than protected plots. Insecticide efficacy was affected by drainage quality. For example, protected plots established on sites with bad drainage quality exhibited 49% less balsam fir mortality than unprotected plots. Furthermore, immature and mature protected stands exhibited a similar reduction in balsam fir mortality (32.2 and 32.1% less mortality respectively) compare to unprotected stands. Our results may be useful for decision-makers not only to decide where and when apply insecticides during a spruce budworm outbreak but also, they may help to determine the pertinence of continuous protection during longer than usual outbreaks depending on protection goal.
Under-nutrition and Associated Factors Among Children on ART in Southern Ethiopia: a Multicenter Facility Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gelaw Belete , Marew Chalie , Dessie Tigabu , Selomon Nigusie , Wubneh Moges , Birhanu Adane , Belete Amsalu , Alem Eyasu , Lankrew Tadele , Eshetu Kirubel
Published: May 2021

Background: Malnutrition is very common in HIV infected individual due to decreased food intake, altering digestion, absorption and altering metabolism and by increasing energy need. Even though data from different settings are necessary to tackle it, evidences are limited especially in case of nutritional status of HIV-infected children. Hence, this study aims to assess the nutritional status and associated factors among children on antiretroviral therapy. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 383 HIV-positive children in Southern Ethiopia. Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire and anthropometry measurement. Data were coded and entered into Epi-Data Version 3.1, and analyzed using SPSS Version 25. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with nutritional status and variables with p-values ˂0.05 in multivariable logistic regression were considered as statistically significant factors.Results: The prevalence of wasting among HIV positive children in Southern Ethiopia selected Hospitals was 36.3% (95% CI: 31.6, 41.0), while stunting on the same study population was 5.5% (95% CI: 3.4, 7.8). Rural residence (AOR = 4.1, CI: 2.0, 8.4), lack of maternal education (AOR =9.3, CI: 5.0, 17.3), low CD4 counts (<500) (AOR =4.9, CI: 2.3, 10.4), using unprotected water source (AOR = 3.2, CI: 1.8, 5.8), having non-biological mother (AOR =4.2, CI: 1.9, 9.2) and recurrent oral lesion (AOR =2.2, CI:1.2, 4.2) were significantly associated with wasting. Furthermore, history of hospital admission (AOR =4.9, CI: 1.6, 15.0), recurrent oral lesion (AOR =3.9, CI: 1.1, 14.1), low CD4 counts (< 500) (AOR =3.5, CI: 1.0-12.0), advanced WHO clinical stage III (AOR =4.0, CI: 1.1, 14.2) were statically associated with stunting. Conclusion: This study found that the prevalence of under-nutrition among HIV-positive children in Ethiopia was significantly high. Rural residence, lack of maternal education, low CD4 count, recurrent oral lesion, having none-biological caretakers and unprotected source of water were significantly associated with childhood wasting. On the other hand, history of hospital admission, recurrent oral lesion, advanced WHO clinical stage and low CD4 counts were significantly associated with stunting of HIV positive children. Therefore, timely identification and monitoring of nutritional problems should be necessary to enhance the effectiveness of ART treatment and to prevent further related complications.