bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto de un programa de enseñanza creativa en las inteligencias múltiples y la creatividad en alumnos de 3 años
Authors: Ortega Béjar María Antonia , Llamas Fátima , López-Fernández Verónica
Published: November 2021

Resumen:La sociedad actual está inmersa en grandes cambios, los principales se están produciendo en el marco educativo, se promueve un tipo de educación activa y creativa. Esto plantea una serie de inquietudes que animan a que se realice esta investigación cuyo objetivo principal es comprobar el efecto de llevar a cabo un programa de enseñanza creativa sobre las inteligencias múltiples y la creatividad. Para lograr el objetivo se midió antes y después a una muestra de 60 sujetos. Al grupo experimental se le aplicó el programa. Las variables se han medido con el Cuestionario para medir la creatividad (Tuttle, 1980) y el Inventario para las inteligencias múltiples (Valero, Gomis y Bermejo, 2005). Tras analizar los resultados se concluye que existen diferencias significativas entre las medidas pre y postest a favor del postest tras la intervención en el grupo experimental en ambas variables. Estos resultados avalan en la muestra de estudio la efectividad del programa.Abstract:Today's society is undergoing major changes, these is occurring in the educational framework, which promotes a more active and creative education. This raises a number of concerns that promote this research being conducted, whose main objective is to test the effect of carrying out a program of creative teaching on multiple intelligences and creativity. To achieve this aim, we measured a sample of 60 subjects, before and applying this new creative and active teaching. This creative teaching program was applied to the experimental group. The variables were measured with The questionnaire to measure students' creativity (Tuttle, 1980) and The Inventory for the multiple intelligences (Valero, Gomis y Bermejo, 2005). After analyzing the results it is concluded that there are significant differences between pre- and post-test measures, in favour of post-test after the intervention of the experimental group in both variables. These results support within our sample the effectiveness of program.
Análisis de las habilidades lingüísticas en Educación Infantil y Primaria en un contexto multicultural
Authors: Manzano Aragüez Desireé , Alemany Arrebola Inmaculada
Published: November 2021

Resumen:El principal objetivo de esta investigación ha sido analizar el desarrollo de las habilidades psicolingüísticas, a través del ITPA, a alumnos desde 2º de Infantil hasta 4º de Primaria. Se ha seleccionado a 386 participantes, 187 de procedencia europea y 146 bereber, de éstos 119 hablan tamazight, pudiendo considerarse como bilingües. Las mayores diferencias en las subpruebas del ITPA se observa en la etapa de Educación Infantil obteniendo mejores resultados el alumnado de procedencia europea, disminuyendo las diferencias en la etapa escolar, lo que indica la importancia de los iguales y del docente para mejorar el desarrollo psicolingüístico del alumno.Abstract:The main objective of this research has been to analyze the development of the psycholinguistic abilities of pupils from 2nd to 4th Primary Education through the ITPA . 386 participants have been selected, 187 from Europe and 146 are Berber. Of these 119 are Tamazight and they could be considered bilingual. The greatest differences in the ITPA subtests appear in the kindergarten stage. Students from Europe get the test results but these differences decreases in the Secundary Stage, indicating the importance of peers and teachers to improve the psycholinguistic development of student.
Desafíos educativos en torno a las experiencias de aprendizaje mediado con adolescentes infractores de ley
Authors: Sandoval Obando Eduardo , López de Maturana Silvia
Published: November 2021

Resumen:Creemos que la escuela se instaló con firmeza ante las dinámicas culturales existentes para fortalecer la acción Estatal sobre los sujetos escolarizados, sometiéndolos a los requerimientos exigidos por el modelo económico imperante. Esta lógica, ha facilitado en la escuela un contexto inundado de incomunicaciones e incomprensiones entre los actores educativos, en medio de prácticas pedagógicas coercitivas que reducen el aprendizaje a una calificación (olvidando el proceso), castigando la curiosidad, exploración, colaboración y creatividad. Este entramado social, cobra especial interés desde las Experiencias de Aprendizaje Mediado, asumidas como un enfoque pedagógico social acerca del desarrollo cognitivo diferencial de jóvenes vinculados a episodios de infracción de ley, porque sus efectos introducen en el organismo una gran variedad de estrategias para el enriquecimiento de sus capacidades, mediante procesos que favorecen su desarrollo emocional y cognitivo.Abstract:We believe that school was firmly installed in the existing cultural dynamics to strengthen State action on schooled individuals, subjecting them to the requirements demanded by the prevailing economic model. This logic has facilitated a flooded context of isolation and misunderstanding between the educational actors in the school, in the midst of coercive pedagogical practices that reduce learning to a qualification (forgetting the process), punishing curiosity, exploration, collaboration and creativity. This social framework acquires special interest from Mediated Learning Experience, taken as a social pedagogical approach on the differential cognitive development of young people linked to episodes of law infringement, because its effects introduce a wide variety of strategies to enrich their abilities, through processes that promote their emotional and cognitive development.
Inclusión y exclusión oculta en la escolarización obligatoria española
Authors: García Rubio Juan
Published: November 2021

Resumen:En el presente artículo analizamos la situación del alumnado español durante el transcurso y a la finalización de su etapa de escolarización básica y obligatoria, distinguiendo distintas zonas y subzonas en las que se ubican en su relación con el aprendizaje, así como también en función del distinto grado en que se satisface el derecho a la educación. La exclusión educativa la caracterizamos como la privación a algunos jóvenes de este derecho reconocido universalmente, el cual interpretamos en su sentido más amplio, fijándonos especialmente en la calidad de la enseñanza recibida por el alumnado. De entre todas las zonas y subzonas señaladas profundizamos especialmente en dos de ellas: en la que hemos llamado de inclusión oculta y en la denominada de exclusión oculta. En la primera de ellas descubriremos fundamentalmente a través de los últimos datos publicados del Informe PISA de 2015 cómo en el sistema educativo español se encuentra alumnado, que aunque consigue unos aprendizajes básicos durante su etapa de escolarización obligatoria, no obtiene el Graduado en Educación Secundaria Obligatoria. En cambio, en la segunda de las mencionadas, y utilizando los resultados de una reciente investigación sobre el curriculum prescrito de los programas extraordinarios de atención a la diversidad en la ESO, constataremos que ocurre la circunstancia inversa: el alumnado consigue el título de graduado sin alcanzar unos conocimientos fundamentales, y por lo tanto acaba en una exclusión educativa encubierta, siendo privado del disfrute pleno del derecho a la educación.Abstract:In this article we analyse the situation of Spanish students during the course and at the end of their basic and compulsory schooling, differentiating zones and subzones in which they are located in their relation to learning, as well as depending on the different degree of satisfaction of the right to education. Educational exclusion is characterized as depriving some young people of their universally recognized right, which we interpret in the broadest sense, focusing especially on the quality of the education received by the students. Of all the zones and sub-zones, we focus in depth on two of them: what we have called hidden inclusion and what is called hidden exclusion. In the first one, employing the latest available data of the PISA 2015 Report, we will explain how the Spanish education system is crowded with students who, although achieving basic learning during their compulsory schooling, do not obtain the title of Compulsory Secondary Education. In the latter case, and using the results of our recent research on the mandated curriculum of the extraordinary programs to address attention to diversity in ESO, the inverse circumstance happens: the student obtains the title without reaching a fundamental knowledge, and therefore ends in a disguised educational exclusion, deprived of the full enjoyment of the right to education.
Colegios Rurales Agrupados y formación universitaria
Authors: Ruiz Arriaga Naiara , Ruiz-Gallardo José-Reyes
Published: November 2021

Resumen:El objetivo del presente estudio es explorar la percepción que tienen estudiantes de magisterio y maestros en ejercicio sobre la adecuación de su formación universitaria para trabajar en Colegios Rurales Agrupados (CRA). Para ello se han elaborado dos cuestionarios con la finalidad de recabar datos cuantitativos y cualitativos, y que han completado 111 individuos. Como resultado, se comprueba que la formación universitaria respecto a la educación en CRA es tanto escasa, como deficiente. Ambos grupos proponen inclusión de asignaturas que contemplen las peculiaridades de estos centros, charlas de expertos y prácticas o visitas cortas como medida de solución. El profesorado de CRA destaca como ventajas de su labor, la atención más individualizada y que unos alumnos (mayores) enseñen a otros (menores), al tiempo que repasan. Como inconvenientes, la complejidad que supone la mezcla de niveles educativos en una misma clase, y la gestión del tiempo para atender, en paralelo, las diferentes necesidades, todo ello consecuencia de su deficiente formación. Abstract:The aim of this study is to explore the perception that both students of Education and in-service teachers have of the adaptation of their University studies, to work in rural and multigrade schools. For that, two questionnaires have been developed and fulfilled by 111 individuals, in order to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. Results show that university education is both limited and deficient. Both groups propose strategies to solve this lack, such as specific subjects, workshops with experienced in-service teachers, short training or visits to rural schools. As strengths, in-service teachers remark more individualized attention to students, and the opportunity for older pupils to teach younger ones (peer teaching). Weaknesses include the lack of strategies to teach in multigrade rooms and time management to simultaneously assist different necessities, all of this as a consequence of their inadequate initial training.
El Uso de las Redes Sociales en la Educación y Promoción de la Salud. Una Experiencia de Empoderamiento Social en Nicaragua
Authors: Morón Marchena Juan Agustín , López Noguero Fernando , Cobos Sanchiz David
Published: November 2021

Resumen:En este trabajo se presenta una experiencia de Educación para la Salud basada en el empoderamiento social y orientada a la mejora de las condiciones generales de salud de la población. Estuvo apoyada en redes sociales telemáticas y desarrollada, desde la Universidad, en la región de Chontales (Nicaragua). Para la investigación se han desarrollado grupos de discusión con docentes, estudiantes y líderes de opinión locales, que han colaborado activamente en diversas actividades propuestas de educación y promoción de la salud. Para el análisis de los datos se ha empleado el programa de análisis cualitativo Atlas.ti, creando previamente el sistema de categorías y posteriormente los diferentes códigos de análisis. El conjunto de conclusiones del estudio pone de manifiesto el consenso de los actores implicados sobre la utilidad y potencialidad de las redes sociales en la Educación para la Salud y el empoderamiento social, así como la necesidad y demanda explícita de una mayor formación específica y acceso a los recursos para poder conseguir un impacto social real. Abstract:This paper presents a Health Education experience based on social empowerment and aimed at improving the general health conditions of the population. It was supported in telematics social networks and developed, from the University, in the region of Chontales (Nicaragua). For the research, discussion groups have been developed with local teachers, students and opinion leaders, who have actively collaborated in various proposed education and health promotion activities. After creating the system of categories and the different codes of analysis, the qualitative analysis program Atlas.ti was used for the analysis of the data. The set of conclusions of the study shows the consensus of the actors involved on the utility and potential of social networks in Health Education and social empowerment, as well as the need and explicit demand for greater specific training and access to the required resources to achieve a real social impact.
Entre las creencias y la formación inicial de los estudiantes del Máster de Profesorado de Secundaria: Una mirada hacia la enseñanza de la literatura en las aulas
Authors: Romero Oliva Manuel Francisco , Trigo Ibáñez Ester
Published: November 2021

Resumen:Esta investigación analiza la repercusión del MAES en la formación inicial de los futuros docentes de Lengua Castellana y Literatura como base de una identidad profesional que se produce en la confrontación de sus creencias apriorísticas y los procesos reflexivos experimentados en los diferentes momentos del máster. Se ha tomado como población del estudio al grupo que cursó este máster en el año 2013-2014 en la UCA. La metodología combina diversas técnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas para triangular la información consignada en los instrumentos utilizados: cuestionario mixto, observación directa de los investigadores y narrativa biográfica. Los resultados demuestran que el MAES supone un salto cualitativo en la formación inicial de futuros docentes respecto a la enseñanza de la literatura. Abstract:This research analyzes the impact of MAES in the initial training of future teachers of Spanish Language and Literature as the basis of their professional identity in confrontation with their prior beliefs and the reflection processes experienced at different stages during the Master program. The population of the study has been taken from the group that attended the MAES in 2013-2014 at UCA. The methodology combines various qualitative and quantitative techniques to analyze and combine the information contained in the three different instruments used: mixed questionnaire, direct observation and biographical narrative. The results show that the MAES has been a meaningful leap in the quality of initial training of future teachers, especially regarding the teaching of Literature.
Emociones, afectos, optimismo y satisfacción vital en la formación inicial del profesorado
Authors: Cazalla-Luna Nerea , Molero David
Published: November 2021

Resumen:Las emociones, los afectos, el optimismo y la satisfacción son aspectos relevantes en los futuros docentes. Los objetivos del estudio son conocer las puntuaciones de inteligencia emocional, afectos, optimismo-pesimismo disposicional y satisfacción vital de los sujetos de la muestra; analizar si existe relación entre las variables consideradas; y comprobar la existencia de diferencias significativas en las mismas en función de las variables sociodemográficas contempladas (género, edad y titulación). La muestra está compuesta de 324 estudiantes de los grados de Educación Primaria y Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Jaén (España). Los instrumentos empleados han sido el TMMS-24, PANASN, SWLS y LOT-R. Los resultados informan de diferencias significativas (p<.05) en función del género a favor de los hombres en regulación emocional y en pesimismo, y a favor de las mujeres en la afectividad negativa y satisfacción con la vida. Hay significatividad en las diferencias entre algunos grupos de edad en las variables contempladas. Por último, encontramos diferencias significativas en compresión y regulación emocional a favor de los estudiantes de Educación Primaria y en afectos negativos a favor de Educación Infantil. Abstract:Emotions, affections, optimism and satisfaction are relevant aspects of future teachers. The objectives of the study are to know the intelligence, affectivity, dispositional optimism-pessimism scores of the test subjects; to analyse whether there is a relationship among the variables under consideration; and to verify the existence of significant differences between them according to the social and demographic variables considered (gender, age and academic qualification). The study consists of 324 students of the degrees in Primary Education and in Early Childhood Education of the University of Jaen (Spain). The survey instruments used have been the TMMS-24, PANASN, SWLS and LOT-R. The results show significant differences (p<.05) based on gender favouring men in emotional regulation and pessimism and favouring women in negative affectivity and life satisfaction. There are considerable disparities among some age groups in the variables contemplated. Finally, important differences can be found in emotional regulation and understanding favouring the students of Primary Education and in negative affections in favour of Early Childhood Education students.
Inteligencia emocional y rendimiento académico en futuros maestros de la Universidad de Extremadura
Authors: Del Rosal Irene , Moreno-Manso Juan Manuel , Bermejo María Luisa
Published: November 2021

Resumen:Diversos estudios muestran la importancia de formar a los futuros maestros, tanto en la adquisición de una clara conciencia emocional, como en la reflexión de su propia tarea docente. Mediante una metodología cuantitativa, y más concretamente a partir de un diseño transversal, en nuestro trabajo se pretende evaluar el nivel de inteligencia emocional (atención, claridad y reparación emocional) de los maestros en formación inicial y analizar la relación existente entre el rendimiento académico y la inteligencia emocional en una muestra constituida por 500 estudiantes de los Grados de Maestro en Educación Primaria y Maestro en Educación Infantil de la Facultad de Educación de Badajoz de la Universidad de Extremadura (España) mediante el test de autoinforme TMMS-24 de Fernández-Berrocal, Extremera y Ramos (2004). Los resultados encontrados permitieron afirmar que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el nivel de claridad y reparación emocional según el sexo y en el nivel de inteligencia emocional según el Grado en el que se encuentran matriculados los futuros maestros y según el itinerario realizado en el último curso universitario. Además, encontramos una relación positiva y estadísticamente significativa entre el nivel de inteligencia emocional de los maestros en formación inicial y su rendimiento académico universitario. Abstract:Several studies show the importance of educating future teachers, both in acquiring a clear emotional awareness and reflection of their own teaching. The main aim of the present study is to evaluate the level of emotional intelligence (care, emotional clarity and repair) that teachers in Initial Teacher Training have. Furthermore, an analysis of the relationship between academic achievement and emotional intelligence will be carried out. The methodology employed is quantitative, specifically a cross-sectional design. The sample analyzed consists of 500 students of the Degree in Primary Education and Degree in Nursery Education in the Faculty of Education (Badajoz) at the University of Extremadura (Spain). The main tool used is the self-test TMMS-24 (Fernández-Berrocal, Extremera & Ramos, 2004). Results support the conclusion that there are statistically significant differences in the level of clarity and emotional repair depending on the gender as well as differences in the level of emotional intelligence depending on the degree they study and the specialty they are enrolled in. Finally, we found a positive and statistically significant relationship between the level of emotional intelligence of teachers in initial teacher training and their academic performance.
El practicum o cómo aprender a través de la reflexión colaborativa. El caso del problema de Elena
Authors: Saiz Linares Ángela , Susinos Rada Teresa
Published: November 2021

Resumen:En este artículo describimos una propuesta formativa de practicum para futuros docentes de Educación Infantil y Primaria articulada como un trabajo de indagación y de reflexión (individual y colaborativa) que se despliega a partir de los problemas pedagógicos que los alumnos de prácticas identifican como relevantes. De manera más concreta, en este artículo presentamos el proceso reflexivo desarrollado por una de las alumnas participantes, Elena. Nos interesa mostrar cómo el proceso de formación práctica reflexiva que proponemos ha permitido que la estudiante transite desde un planteamiento docente técnico y deficitario sobre su problema pedagógico a un enfoque más inclusivo y crítico que le permite redefinir la situación con nuevas claves pedagógicas. El caso que presentamos nos permite finalmente evaluar desde los datos inductivos la finalidad transformadora del practicum que proponemos. Abstract:In this article we describe a practicum proposal for future Infant and Primary teachers. This proposal has been articulated as a work of inquiry and reflection (individual and collaborative) that unfolds from the educational problems or concerns that student teachers identify as relevant. More specifically, in this paper we present the reflective process developed by one of the participating students, Elena. We want to show how the process of practical reflective training that we propose has enhanced the student to transit from a technical and poor pedagogical approach about her pedagogical concern to a more inclusive and critical approach that promoted the redefinition of the pedagogical situation with new keys. Finally, the case we are presenting allows us to evaluate, from inductive data, the transformative purpose of the practicum we propose.
Formación de directivos escolares mediante un programa basado en el coaching grupal, la retroalimentación y el análisis de la práctica
Authors: López-Yáñez Julián , Sánchez-Moreno Marita , Altopiedi Mariana , Oliva Rodríguez Nieves
Published: November 2021

Resumen:El artículo expone el proceso y los resultados de un programa de formación de directivos escolares basado en el análisis de su práctica, la retroalimentación y el coaching. El proyecto ha sido desarrollado por académicos de centros de investigación educativa de 10 países. Los componentes del programa eran (a) un instrumento de diagnóstico asociado a un informe de retroalimentación sobre el perfil de liderazgo; y (b) un dispositivo formativo en grupos pequeños coordinados por un ‘coach’. Paralelamente al programa de formación se llevó a cabo un proceso de investigación para evaluar el potencial de aquel en la mejora de la práctica directiva. Dicho proceso incluyó observación y grabación de las sesiones de coaching y entrevistas a los participantes, tanto a los formadores como a los directivos en formación. La versión española del programa demostró ser un dispositivo eficaz de formación. Este artículo identifica sus principales fortalezas –entre las que se destacan el valor del instrumento en que se basa el análisis del perfil directivo y el de la discusión grupal como como promotores de la reflexión– así como los aspectos que deben mejorarse. Entre estos últimos, cabe subrayar la longitud y densidad del informe de devolución obtenido y la formación de los propios coaches. Abstract:This paper depicts the process and results of a training program for educational leaders based on the analysis of their practice, feedback and coaching. The project was carried out by academics of educational research centres from ten countries. The main components of the program were (a) a diagnostic instrument associated to a feedback report on the participants’ leadership profile; and (b) a training device developed in small groups coordinated by a ‘coach’. In parallel, a research process was developed in order to assess the potential of the training device to improve principals’ practice. Such process included observation and recording of the coaching sessions, and interviews to both, the trainees and the coaches. The Spanish version of the program proved to be an effective training tool. This article points out its main strengths and the issues needed of improvement. Among the strengths, it can be pointed out the value of both the instrument in which the analysis of leader’s profile is based and the discussion with colleagues as effective tools for promoting reflective thought and learning. Among the aspects to improve, we can underline the length and density of the report and the coaches’ needs of training.
La evaluación de las competencias del docente-tutor en línea en el marco de un Programa de Formación Literaria Virtual
Authors: Evia Ricalde Ena , Arroyo González Rosario
Published: November 2021

Resumen:El presente artículo describe los resultados de una investigación basada en el Modelo Contextual de Competencias del Docente-Tutor que comprende los ejes: Pedagógico, Organizacional, Social, Técnico, Evaluativo y Ético; y las competencias transversales que aluden a los ejes: pedagógico-técnico, social–técnico y evaluativo-técnico. Para llevar a cabo la investigación se ha utilizado un enfoque descriptivo a fin de comprender las perspectivas de los docentes-tutores pertenecientes al Programa de Formación Literaria Virtual (PFLV) mediante una encuesta en formato digital. Entre los hallazgos encontrados resaltan las necesidades de capacitación en los aspectos técnicos y evaluativos. Esta investigación ha permitido propiciar la reflexión de los docentes sobre sus conocimientos, experiencias y prácticas. Abstract:This paper describes the results of a research on the Contextual Model of Competencies for Online Teachers. This model comprises different axes that includes Pedagogical, Organizational, Social, Technical, Evaluative and Ethics competencies as well as crosscutting axes like technical-pedagogical, social-technical and technical-evaluative competencies. This research used a descriptive approach applying a digital survey to understand the perspectives of the online teachers of the Literary Virtual Training Program (LVTP). The findings show training needs in technical and evaluative aspects. This research encourages the reflection of teachers about their knowledge, experiences and practices.
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM PRACTICES: A PERCEPTION OF BACKWATER TOURISM DESTINATIONS IN SOUTH KERALA, INDIA
Authors:   University of the People, Pasadena, California, USA, JOSEPH Emilda K. , VARGHESE Bindi ,   School of Business and Management, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, KALLARAKAL Tomy K. ,   School of Commerce, Finance and Accountancy, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, ANTONY Jose K. ,   University of the People, Pasadena, California, USA
Published: November 2021

The Tourism Industry in South Kerala focuses more on Houseboat Tourism and Backwater Tourism. The unique, natural features set this destination apart from nearby places, as backwater destinations are rich in numerous natural resources. The sustainable development of these resources will highly enhance the livelihood of the communities in the backwater regions. They will be able to attract tourists seeking unique backwater experiences. Therefore, this article intends to comprehend the stakeholders’ perceptions on Sustainable Tourism Development in the backwater destinations of South Kerala in India. A total of 277 respondents participated in the research and the study adopted a quantitative research design, while considering the influence of various factors on the Economic, Social and Environmental Sustainability. The data gathered from the study illustrated that the perception of stakeholders about Sustainable Tourism Development varied across different groups. Hence, all the stakeholders in the Tourism Industry need to work together, as this coordination will help to strengthen future development plans, in order to minimize the negative impacts of tourism in the backwater destinations of South Kerala. The study has also identified key turning points that will help to reshape the Sustainable Development of backwater tourism destinations of South Kerala.
Letalidade e Vitimização Policial em Minas Gerais
Authors: Nascimento Felipe Zilli do , De Figueiredo Amanda Mátar , Batitucci Eduardo Cerqueira , Marinho Karina Rabelo Leite , Da Cruz Marcus Vinícius Gonçalves , Assis Couto Vinicius
Published: November 2021

O presente artigo se propõe a apresentar um diagnóstico sobre os fenômenos da letalidade e da vitimização policial em Minas Gerais, buscando não apenas dimensionar o problema das mortes decorrentes de intervenções policiais e das mortes violentas de agentes policiais no estado, mas também conhecer, de maneira mais aprofundada, os contextos situacionais, institucionais e criminais que caracterizam tais episódios. De modo geral, o que os dados obtidos em Minas Gerais para o período 2009-2016 indicam é que tem havido uma tendência de forte crescimento dos indicadores de letalidade policial no estado ao longo dos últimos anos. Os números de vitimização dos agentes de segurança pública, por outro lado, têm demonstrado razoável estabilidade. Além disso, os achados de pesquisa dialogam com elementos já exaustivamente discutidos por outros estudos do gênero, como as deficiências de treinamento e capacitação continuada dos agentes policiais para o exercício adequado do uso diferenciado da força, a necessidade de incremento do controle externo da atividade policial bem como da qualificação das informações e registros sobre letalidade e vitimização policial.
Retratos da violência doméstica contra as mulheres no estado do Pará
Authors: Bitar Maria Amélia Fadul , Lima Vera Lúcia de Azevedo , Farias Gesiany Miranda
Published: November 2021

O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi analisar os dados estatísticos sobre violência doméstica contra a mulher no estado do Pará no período de 2008 a 2015. O estudo foi desenvolvido com uma abordagem quantitativa, tendo como objeto analítico descritivo o fenômeno da violência contra a mulher ou violência doméstica.  Os dados foram coletados do Banco de dados do Sistema Integrado de Segurança Pública SISP/WEB. A análise dos dados estatísticos revelam a magnitude do problema, urgência social e abrangência nacional do tema com eixos voltados para os direitos humanos e cidadania da mulher. Através destes foi possível identificar o número de ocorrências, os principais tipos e as características predominantes das mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica e familiar relacionados a faixa etária, escolaridade, cor e profissão. De acordo com os dados quantitativos mostrados por este estudo, das 905.694 ocorrências registradas por crimes contra a mulher no estado do Pará nos anos pesquisados (2008 a 2015) 31.793 (ou seja 3,5% do total) foram enquadradas pela autoridade policial como violência doméstica de acordo com a lei Maria da Penha.
Violência doméstica contra mulheres e a relação possível com indicadores econômicos e sociais
Authors: Alves Janael da Silva
Published: November 2021

Os crimes de violência doméstica contra a mulher são caracterizados como aqueles que acontecem no âmbito das relações familiares, esta modalidade criminosa veio a ser considerada uma política pública a partir do ano de 2006 com a edição da lei nominada “Maria da Penha” quando os crimes de violência doméstica passaram a ser monitorados com maior acuidade pelos governos e órgãos de segurança pública. Por meio deste trabalho se vai realizar uma análise descritivo comparativa dos registros de crimes de violência doméstica contra a mulher ocorridos no ano de 2018 nas regiões Sul e Norte do Estado de Minas Gerais, buscando a possível relação entre os indicadores socioeconômicos destas regiões e os registros de violência doméstica. O trabalho foi desenvolvido utilizando-se de fontes de dados oficiais divulgados por meio de sites do governo de Minas Gerais. Descobriu-se existe uma correlação entre indicadores econômico sociais favoráveis e o alto número de registros de ocorrências de violência doméstica.
THE EFFECTS OF BUSINESS EXCELLENCE TO INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CUSTOMER OPINIONS IN HEALTHCARE
Authors: AYDIN İpek , TÜTÜNCÜ Özkan
Published: November 2021

Aim: Hospitals can determine the strengths of organization and improvement strategies by implementing business excellence models to increase customer satisfaction. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of business excellence dimensions on internal and external customer opinions.

Methods: The universe of the study is public hospitals in İzmir urban area. Four hospitals included in the study and 488 healthcare workers agreed to participate to study. Survey was developed from the Malcolm Baldrige National Excellence Award Healthcare Criteria.

Findings: Factor analysis revealed six business excellence dimensions: strategic planning; workforce focus; process management; customer focus; leadership; and measurement, analysis, knowledge management. Correlation analysis showed that business excellence dimensions have strong relations between each other and internal and external customer opinions. According to regression analysis, customer focus, process management and measurement, analysis, knowledge management effect to the external customer. Workforce focus, process management and leadership effect to the internal customer.

Conclusion : In order to improve the internal and external customer opinions in healthcare organizations, hospital managerial teams have to focus on processes and workforce, give importance to be more patient centered and plan their strategies according to customers’ opinions. This study helps the hospitals, in which areas should be focused on primarily when developing policies and strategies; and preparing plans for future developments.
PENCEMARAN UDARA DI PERKOTAAN BERDAMPAK BAHAYA BAGI MANUSIA, HEWAN, TUMBUHAN DAN BANGUNAN
Authors: Yasir Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Masalah lingkungan merupakan suatu peristiwa yang berdampak pada kehidupan manusia danmasyarakat sosial. Permasalahan lingkungan dapat terjadi akibat ulah tangan manusia maupun darisumber alami. Permasalahan lingkungan yang terjadi diperkotaan diantaranya iyalah polusi udaraatau pencemaran udara. Pencemaran udara terjadi akibat banyaknya zat fisik, kimia atau biologi yang berada dalam atmosfersecara bersamaan dan jumlah yang banyak. Sehingga hal itu berdampak pada kehidupan manusia, seperti dalam hal kesehatan tubuh manusia, hewan maupun tumbuhan, mengganggu kenyamanan serta merusak properti. Udara merupakan suatu yang sangat penting bagikehidupan semua makhluk hidup.Untuk itu menjaga kestabilan udara merupakan sesuatu yang harus dilakukan. Dengan mencari, membaca dan memahami karya ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan pencemaran udara. Maka terdapatlah berbagai upaya-upaya untuk menangani pencemaran udara harus dilakukan, sehingga terciptanya udara yang sehat dan membuat nyaman. Diantaranya yaitu pembangunan ruang terbuka hijau, gedung hijau, pembangunan permukiman berkelanjutan hingga menangani masalah transportasi dengan cara menggunakan bahan bakar yang lebih aman terhadap lingkungan.
Differential expression of adrenoceptor alpha 1A in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: November 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding adrenoceptor alpha 1A, ADRA1A, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. ADRA1A mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of ADRA1A in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with distant metastasis-free survival in patients with basal-like subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by PAM50 molecular subtype. ADRA1A may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Wood technology: a Glossary and Code for analysis of archaeological wood from stone tool cultures
Authors: Milks Annemieke Giselle , Lehmann Jens , Böhner Utz , Leder Dirk , Koddenberg Tim , Sietz Michael , Vogel Matthias , Terberger Thomas
Published: November 2021

The analysis of wood technologies created by stone tool-using cultures remains underdeveloped relative to the study of lithic and bone technologies. In recent years archaeologists have begun to approach wood assemblages systematically, developing macro- and micro-analyses of natural and anthropogenic traces often with the assistance of experimental reference samples. The present a lack of established nomenclature hinders intra-site comparisons. Creating this glossary helps will help advance understanding of the use of wood for technological purposes in different times and places. Clear definitions of terms are useful to avoid confusion in ongoing and future evaluations of the biography of wood artefacts. This glossary and associated code is a first step towards a synthesis and standardisation of analytical terms for early wood technologies, focusing on archaeological assemblages from cultures that used stone tools. References and further reading support the selection of terms, and also provide a bibliography of the field of wood technology. This glossary is organised within a chaîne opératoire framework, and is complemented by a developing appendix of images. As a referenced synthesis, it relies on the collective expertise of the authors alongside that of the many cited researchers who have published in the fields of wood science and prehistoric archaeological wood artefacts.
Assignment Strategies Modulate Students’ Academic Performance in an Online Learning Environment During First and Second COVID-19 Related School Closures
Authors: Spitzer Markus , Moeller Korbinian , Musslick Sebastian
Published: November 2021

A growing number of studies seek to evaluate the impact of school closures during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. While most studies reported severe learning losses in students, some studies found positive effects of school closures on academic performance. However, it is still unclear which factors contribute to the differential effects observed in these studies. In this article, we examine the impact of assignment strategies for problem sets on the academic performance of students (n 16,000 from grades 4-10 who calculated 170,000 problem sets) in an online learning environment for mathematics, during the first and second period of pandemic-related school closures in Germany. We observed that, if teachers repeatedly assigned single problem sets (i.e., a small chunk of on average eight mathematical problems) to their class, students’ performance increased significantly during both periods of school closures compared to the same periods in the previous year (without school closures). In contrast, our analyses also indicated that, if teachers assigned bundles of problem sets (i.e., large chunks) or when students self-selected problem sets, students’ performance did not increase significantly. Moreover, students’ performance was generally higher when single problem sets were assigned, compared to the other two assignment types. We conclude that teachers’ way of using the online learning environment in general, and their strategy of assigning problem sets in particular can have a positive effect on students’ performance in mathematics
Measuring the effects of misinformation exposure and beliefs on behavioural intentions
Authors: de Saint Laurent Constance , Murphy Gillian , Hegarty Karen , Greene Ciara
Published: November 2021

Misinformation has been a pressing issue since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, threatening our ability to effectively act on the crisis. Nevertheless, little is known about the actual effects of fake news on behavioural intentions. Does exposure to or belief in misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines affect people’s intentions to receive such a vaccine? This paper attempts to address this question via three preregistered experiments (N=3463). In Study 1, participants (n=1269) were exposed to fabricated pro- or anti-vaccine information or to neutral true information, and then asked about their intentions to get vaccinated. In Study 2, participants (n=646) were exposed to true pro- and anti-vaccine information, while Study 3 (n=1548) experimentally manipulated beliefs in novel misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines. The results showed that exposure to false information on the vaccines did not affect the participants’ intentions to get vaccinated, even when multiple exposures led them to believe the headlines to be more accurate. An exploratory meta-analysis of studies 1 and 3 (n=2683) showed that exposure to false information both supporting and opposing COVID-19 vaccines actually increased vaccination intentions. We conclude by cautioning researchers against equating exposure to misinformation or perceived accuracy of false news with actual behaviours.
Quantifying Social Semantics: An Inclusive Definition of Socialness and Ratings for 8,388 English Words
Authors: Diveica Veronica , Pexman Penny M. , Binney Richard J.
Published: November 2021

It has been proposed that social experience plays an important role in the grounding of concepts, and socialness has been proffered as a fundamental organisational principle underpinning semantic representation in the human brain. However, the empirical support for these hypotheses is limited by inconsistencies in the way socialness has been defined and measured. To further advance theory, the field must establish a clearer working definition, and research efforts could be facilitated by the availability of an extensive set of socialness ratings for individual concepts. Therefore, in the current work we employed a novel and inclusive definition to test the extent to which socialness is reliably perceived as a broad construct, and we report socialness norms for over 8,000 English words, including nouns, verbs and adjectives. Our inclusive socialness measure shows good reliability and validity, and our analyses suggest that the socialness ratings capture aspects of word meaning which are distinct to those measured by other pertinent semantic constructs, including concreteness and emotional valence. Finally, in a series of regression analyses, we show for the first time that the socialness of a word's meaning explains unique variance in participant performance on lexical tasks. Our dataset of socialness norms has considerable item overlap with those used both in other lexical/semantic norms and in available behavioural mega-studies. They can help target testable predictions about brain and behaviour derived from multiple representation theories and neurobiological accounts of social semantics.
Biased memory retrieval in the service of shared reality with an audience: The role of cognitive accessibility
Authors: Wagner Ullrich , Axmacher Nikolai , Echterhoff Gerald
Published: November 2021

After communicators have tuned a message about a target person’s behaviors to their audience’s attitude, their recall of the target’s behaviors is often evaluatively consistent with their audience’s attitude. This audience-tuning effect on recall has been explained as resulting from the communicators’ creation of a shared reality with the audience, which helps communicators to achieve epistemic needs for confident judgments and knowledge. Drawing on the ROAR (Relevance Of A Representation) model, we argue that shared reality increases the cognitive accessibility of information consistent (vs. inconsistent) with the audience’s attitude, due to enhanced truth relevance of this information. We tested this prediction with a novel reaction-time task in three experiments employing the saying-is-believing paradigm. Faster reactions to audience-consistent (vs. audience-inconsistent) information were found for trait information but not for behavioral information. Thus, audience-congruent accessibility bias emerged at the level at which impressions and judgments of other persons are typically organized. Consistent with a shared-reality account, the audience-consistent accessibility bias was correlated with perceived shared reality about the target person and with epistemic trust in the audience. Among possible explanations, the findings are best reconciled with the view that the creation of shared reality with an audience triggers basic and "automatic" (spontaneous, low-level) cognitive mechanisms that facilitate the retrieval of audience-congruent (vs. audience-incongruent) trait information about a target person.
Methodological issues when using face prototypes: A case study on the Faceaurus dataset
Authors: Bovet Jeanne , Tognetti Arnaud , Pollet Thomas Victor
Published: November 2021

Prototype faces, created by averaging faces from several individuals sharing a common characteristic (for example a certain personality trait), can be used for highly informative experimental designs in face research. Although the facial prototype method is both ingenious and useful, we argue that its implementation is associated with three major issues: lack of external validity and non-independence of the units of information, both aggravated by a lack of transparency regarding the methods used and their limitations. Here, we describe these limitations and illustrate our claims with a systematic review of studies creating facial stimuli using the prototypes dataset “Faceaurus” (Holtzman, 2011). We then propose some solutions that can eliminate or reduce these problems. We provide recommendations for future research employing this method on how to produce more generalisable and replicable results.
Intelligibility benefit for familiar voices does not depend on better discrimination of fundamental frequency or vocal tract length
Authors: Holmes Emma , Johnsrude Ingrid
Published: November 2021

Speech is more intelligible when it is spoken by familiar than unfamiliar people. Two cues to voice identity are glottal pulse rate (GPR) and vocal tract length (VTL): perhaps these features are more accurately represented for familiar voices in a listener’s brain. If so, listeners should be able to discriminate smaller manipulations to perceptual correlates of these vocal parameters for familiar than unfamiliar voices. We recruited pairs of friends who had known each other for 0.5–22.5 years. We measured thresholds for discriminating pitch (correlate of GPR) and formant spacing (correlate of VTL; ‘VTL-timbre’) for voices that were familiar (friends) and unfamiliar (friends of other participants). When a competing talker was present, speech was substantially more intelligible when it was spoken in a familiar voice. Discrimination thresholds were not systematically smaller for familiar compared to unfamiliar talkers. Although, participants detected smaller deviations to VTL-timbre than pitch uniquely for familiar talkers, suggesting a different balance of characteristics contribute to discrimination of familiar and unfamiliar voices. Across participants, we found no relationship between the size of the intelligibility benefit for a familiar over an unfamiliar voice and the difference in discrimination thresholds for the same voices. Also, the intelligibility benefit was not affected by the acoustic manipulations we imposed on voices to assess discrimination thresholds. Overall, these results provide no evidence that two important cues to voice identity—pitch and VTL-timbre—are more accurately represented when voices are familiar, or are necessarily responsible for the large intelligibility benefit derived from familiar voices.