bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Factors that Influence the Intelligence Utilization of College Students Serving in Rural Areas-Based on the Investigation of the Needs of College Students in Wuhan Province
Authors: Geng Xu
Published: December 2013

In order to analyze the factors those influence the intelligence utilization of college students serving in rural areas and to provide appropriate recommendations. By investigating the needs of college students in Wuhan Province through questionnaire and personal interviews, the results show that college-graduates play a pivotal role in the construction of rural culture and economy in China, but they would like to concern their own interests such as the wage, the geographical choice and the like. Government should start with some objective factors when they employ college students to rural areas, especially to the less developed regions in western .The policy also should combine with the actual situation and emphasize on the specific characteristics to enhance the attractiveness.
A Thought on Improving the Training System to Enhance the Postdoctoral Innovation Capability
Authors: Wang Ji Gan , Xue Wan Li
Published: December 2013

This paper profoundly analyses the problems of post-doctoral training system for the lack of innovation capability of China's post-doctoral researchers and gives some suggestions about training concepts, training objectives, training methods, academic environment, evaluation and motivation and so on. There must be certain referential significance for improving the postdoctoral system and the training quality of post-doctors.
The Configuration of Scientific and Technical Personnel Entrepreneurial Intention Model Based on Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Lv Rong Sheng , Chen Xiao Jie , Chen Wei
Published: December 2013

Recently, the influencing factors and the configuration of entrepreneurial intention's model are hot issues. Although there are many related researches, the objects of these studies are focused on undergraduates, migrant workers etc. This article is based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), we define and analyze the constitute connotation of three key variables, which are the behavioral attitude (BA), subject norm (SN) and perceived behavioral control (PBC). We also define their relative salient beliefs. According to researches, we sum up that BA consists of endogenous attitude and exogenous attitude, then the former's salient beliefs are proactive personality and cognitive bias, the latter are spiritual needs and material needs; SN refers to descriptive norm and its salient beliefs are family background, descriptive examples; PBC is divided into self-efficacy and controllability, entrepreneurial ability and locus of control are salient beliefs of the former, and policy environment is salient belief of the latter. Finally, based on above researches, we put forward a model of STP entrepreneurial intention.
Research on Application of the Internet of Things in University's Teaching Management
Authors: Zong Chuan Jun , Jia Bao Xian , Zhang Ying
Published: December 2013

The Internet of things is the extension and expansion of the Internet, emphasizing the connectivity of items, forms a network by making a variety of objects connected with each other through various information sensing equipment. Starting from expounding the connotation of the Internet of things, we will explore applications of the Internet of things in the management of students, the management of teaching environment in class,library management,the management of teaching instruments and equipment etc.
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) in the Education Expenditure Performance Evaluation
Authors: Cai De Fa , Zhang Shuo , Guo Xiao Yu
Published: December 2013

The investment of financial education funds in China is generally orientated for the scale and the growth speed, which ignores the efficiency and benefit of investment. It has caused some schools to expand blindly, ignoring the education quality and efficiency, and result in resource allocation is not reasonable, serious loss of waste. With the compulsory education is extensively spreaded, the higher education scale expands unceasingly and go into the popularization stage of development which results in the contradiction between supply and demand of funds more obvious. It is inevitable to reform the education investment mechanism in order to improve the efficiency and benefit. By the guidance of new public management theory, the results-oriented performance budgeting, which aims to improving the effectiveness of public expenditure and government efficiency, has begun to apply to the financial education expenditure areas and has made great achievements. This article China's fiscal expenditure on education the analysis of the performance evaluation index system, and USES the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method will be applied to the performance evaluation system for the fiscal expenditure on education in hei long jiang province.
An Exploration of the Holiday Independent Practice of College Nursing Students
Authors: Tang Feng Ping , Yang Juan , Li Ya
Published: December 2013

Objective Holiday independent practice based on college students major in nursing was attempted in practical teaching to explore its feasibility and effects. Methods To guide and encourage students of nursing major to take independent practice and make probation diary during summer holiday, to investigate the effects of 187 participants. Results 93.05% students think highly of the independent probation, 88.77% students think that deepens the understanding of the major, 90.91% students think that improves the activeness of study, 87.14% students think that helps the further courses study, 88.24% students think that enhances the interpersonal communication, 95.72% students think they become familiar with the hospital and nursing services, 88.77% students approve of the group probation. Conclusion Holiday independent probation is practicable that develops the students subjectivity.
The Introduction and the Calculation of Virtual Expense Ratio in Decision Critical Path Method (DCPM)
Authors: Qi Jian Xun , Kan Zhi Nan
Published: December 2013

As the particularity of power engineering projects, in order to achieve great economic and social benefits as soon as possible, the owner often add reward or punishment factor on the power project construction schedule management. This paper improved the presentation of decision critical method (DCPM), using a simple arrow to present multi decision of a decision-making activity, similarly as PERT network. This paper introduce the concept of virtual expense ratio of different decisions, on the base of which combined the reward coefficient b and penalty coefficient a as well as the real project completion time T and the target completion time D. A new heuristic rule was proposed, not only takes the cost of different decisions but also considers the relations of real project completion time T and target completion time D. Thus, the new heuristic rule enjoys broader application than previous methods. The new calculation procedure is given, broad the application range of DCPM, and affords an effective new and practical method to help solving power project construction schedule management problem.
A Study of PCI Model in Construction Quality Control
Authors: Wang Cheng Jun , Wang Yi Fei , Song Yang
Published: December 2013

The quality control during construction phase of building projects plays a decisive role in project quality. This paper, via analyzing the relation between PCI and failure rate and combining the special characteristics of construction projects, comes up with PCI model feasible to evaluate the inspection of construction projects. The model in this paper can quantitatively measure the grade of work procedure quality of the ongoing construction projects in a way to find and correct the quality problems during construction stage for construction enterprises with the aim to enhance construction technique and management as well as capabilities in other areas and finally it can increase the overall construction quality and enhance enterprise competitiveness.
Study on the Engineering Project Tender Offer Game Type
Authors: Liu Wan Lin , Cai Lin Xiu
Published: December 2013

The article analyzed three game types in the process of the project tender offer, such as the static Bayesian game, the construction market entry and the cooperative game, which based on the game theory. And it determined what the methods and measures of tender offer should be taken according to the different kind of game types of bidders, and the research of achievement can provide a reference to enterprises decision-making on tender offer, which have strong operability.
Research on Intellectual Property Information Audit Based on Independent Innovation
Authors: Zhu Zhi Hong , Xue Da Wei , Luo Hong Yun
Published: December 2013

For the research about the protection of intellectual property , scholars both at home and abroad mostly focus on the protection of the law itself and macroscopic protection strength. Whats more, from the micro perspective, there are very few study about the protection of intellectual property rights inside the business enterprise, and also there are few study that could identify property value and promote the effective protection of the property through auditing the information about intellectual property. Therefore, based on Chinese reality, this paper puts forward the information audit which focus on the independent innovatively intellectual property, defined the audit main body, object, emphasized some points about the audit process based on the particularity of property information and finally gave some related suggestions.
Jointed Pricing Decision of Brick-and-Click Retailers under Uncertain Demand
Authors: Wang Qing Guo , Liu Zhi Xia , Wang Yao Hua
Published: December 2013

This paper studies on jointed pricing decision of Brick-and-Click Retailers under uncertain demand, based on the two-item newsvendor model. Firstly, the two-item newsvendor model is built based on profit maximization. Then, the concavity of objective function is proved and the solving method is given. Moreover, the solutions of the model and the influence of demand transfer coefficient to pricing, productivity and profit are analyzed numerically. The results show that the traditional retail channels pricing and productivity will decrease while e-commerce channels pricing and productivity and retailer profits will grow with the increase of demand transfer coefficient.
Analysis on Agricultural Mechanization Sustainable Development in China
Authors: Lu Bing Fu , Zhou Yan Li , Han Wei Ping
Published: December 2013

According to the system structure of agricultural mechanization, the index system was set up, and the method of osculating value was applied for evaluating agricultural mechanization sustainable development in various regions, which were divided into three grades based on the evaluation result. Its causation of the differences was analyzed for the agricultural mechanization sustainable development, which is closely linked to regional disparities of economic development level and natural condition. Some suggestions, including preferential policies of state to regions with low level of agricultural mechanization sustainable development, were finally put forward in order to speed up realizing the agricultural mechanization in China.
Transportation Safety Countermeasure Analysis on Cold-Chain Logistics of Fresh Agricultural Products
Authors: Lin Hui Dan , Gao Geng Jun
Published: December 2013

With the development of cold-chain logistics technology, much more cold-chain demand for fresh agriculture products is becoming needed. This paper studies the current development status of cold-chain logistics of fresh agriculture products in China and proposes methods and strategies on how to ensure fresh agriculture products safety and quality in cold-chain transportation problems combining China's existing situation aimed at promoting cold-chain logistics of fresh agriculture products in China with greater competitiveness in the world.
Numerical Simulation Study of Wind and Wave Energy in Yellow River Delta
Authors: Ding Liang , Chen Hai Ying , Liang Bing Chen
Published: December 2013

This paper simulates the wave condition of Shandong Peninsula and Yellow River estuary with SWAN (Simulating Wave Nearshore) model, which is driven by wind fields from 1996 to 2007. And then hindcasted wave data and the buoy data compared, which shows that hindcasted wave data are validated with buoy data. Finally, wave and wind energy of Yellow River delta are assessed by 12 years hindcasted wave data and the wind data, which is 10m height above the ground level. The result of assessment shows that Yellow River delta has large wave and wind energy potentialities. If the wave energy and wind energy can be used effectively, the pressure of power supply of Dongying will be relieved.
Power Quality Simulation of Grid-Connected Doubly Fed Wind Turbine
Authors: Ji Xing Quan , Liu Gui Bin , Cheng Lu Yu , Li Dan
Published: December 2013

With the increasing proportion of distributed generation, higher requirement on power quality of distributed generation system is put forward by utilities. This paper first introduced the main indices and international standards related to power quality, and then built the DFIG dynamic model in which the double PWM converter and variable pitch control strategy were applied. Simulation of power quality of unbalanced system is conducted using PSCAD/EMTDC.
Impacts Assessment of a Solar Energy Project under the Perspective of Sustainable Livelihood with Wenhai Village, Lijiang as an Example
Authors: Song Hao Kun
Published: December 2013

s: In this Article, the author took the solar energy project of Wenhai Village, Lijiang as an example, comprehensively analyzed the impacts of the solar energy project on the sustainable livelihood of the community from the analytical perspective of sustainable livelihood framework by participatory development and evaluation of indicators. The evaluation results indicated that the solar energy project had significantly positive impacts on the community. The project had relatively greater effects in increasing the social assets, financial assets and human assets of the community. While conducting case analysis, the author also explored the approaches and operation processes for sustainable livelihood framework in community development projects. Research Background
Study on Automatic Active Power Control System of Wind Farms
Authors: Zhan Tao , Sun Jian Xin , Chen Hua Pu
Published: December 2013

Based on a "wind power remote monitoring system" project, this paper focus on the modeling and simulation of the wind power variant pitch control system, and also the wind generator active power control OPC CLIENT interface programming. Using the VC++ language and MFC, OPC CLIENT interface was designed for the start-stop control of fan and the active power control of wind farms, which enables the wind farm to accurate and rapid response of the wind power grid load instruction of automatic generation control (AGC). Further, based on the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform, we analyzed the variable pitch control system of the variable pitch wind turbine by modeling and simulation with the Denmark's VESTAS V80-2000 (2MV).
The Power of Wind Turbine Generators Prediction Model Based on Time Series
Authors: Huang Guan Jia , Fang Shao Mei , Qiaojun Si Tu
Published: December 2013

Author constructed ARIMA model and GARCH model to predict the output power of the 4 wind turbine generators (A, B, C, D) and the total output power of the 4 and 58 wind turbine generators. Whats more, by comparing the results of two methods, it shows that the result of GARCH model is more accurate than ARIMA model in short-term prediction.
Security and Economy Analysis of Power Grid Considering the Uncertainty of Demand Side and Generation Side
Authors: Wang Shu Xiang , Liu Ji Chun , Zheng Wei Dong , Deng Chuang , Xu Hou Dong , Zhang Kai Jie , Zhang Fang
Published: December 2013

In the emergency management of power system, there are many uncertain factors, such as wind power of the generation side and electric vehicle charging of the demand side. Firstly, the probability statistics model of PEVs charging demands was established, which considered the random factors of the probability distribution of PEVs charging. Then, we used scenarios generation and reduction techniques to predict the output of wind generators. The uncertainty of wind power was described by scenarios set. On this basis, the dispatch model considering PEVs charging and wind power was proposed. Finally, simulation results on the 5-generator system indicated the effectiveness of the proposed method. The synergistic dispatch model considering wind power and PEVs charging can effectively improve the utilization of wind power and the safety and economic benefits of the power system.
An Multi-Objective Optimization Model for Wind-Storage Combined Operation
Authors: Li Yan Qing , Li Hao Shan , Dong Chi , Wang Jian
Published: December 2013

Large-scale wind power integration constituted great challenges for the power system operation and dispatching, due to the volatile and peak-reversal nature of wind power.The multi-objective optimization model of the wind farm combined with pumped-storage was studied to solve the problem.An optimization model for wind-storage combined operation was established, aiming at tracking load changes ,improving wind power economic benefits and peak shaving benefits, using improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization.The optimization calculation attempted to reduce volatility of the remaining load after removal of wind-storage joint output and increase economic benefits of wind farrms. Through the optimization calculation the wind farm and storage plant scheduling values of each time are available. The calculation example shows that the model and method are conducive to large-scale wind power integration and have a certain practicality and effectiveness.
Investigation of Thermoelectric Power Generation Module on Waste Heat Recovery in a Downdraft Gasifier
Authors: Wang Ming Yung , Lin Ching Po , Ma Hsiao Kang
Published: December 2013

In this study, the thermoelectric power generation (TEG) module is used to recover waste heat from a downdraft gasifier. The performance and optimal operating temperature of TEG module are studied at different locations on the surface wall of catalyst reactor. The simulation model of downdraft gasifier is performed by using the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), its appropriate for the low-speed, thermally-driven flow simulation with an emphasis on incomplete combustion process. The results demonstrate that the simulation temperature of catalyst reactor surface is around 200°C~300°C which is used to convert heat into electricity by TEG module. In summary, the TEG modulus power per unit area can reach 857W/m2 with temperature difference of 140°C and output power attain at least 2.04kW if TEG modulus is applied on the improved downdraft gasifier system (IDGS).
Progress of Biomass Gasification Technology in China
Authors: Kong Si Fang , Ma Fu Shuan , Zhang Xing Xing , Li Huan , Zeng Hui
Published: December 2013

Biomass gasification is one of the most promising technologies to exploit energy from renewable biomass. In this paper, brief introduction of the mechanism of biomass gasification technology and the application status of biomass gasification was described in detail. The research progress of biomass gasification technology in China is reviewed. Finally, the features of these technologies are analyzed and the problems that the biomass gasification technology needs to solve and the research direction of this technology are pointed out.
Biomass Oxygen-Enriched Gasification in a Pressurized Fluidized Bed for Production of Middle/High Heat-Value Fuel Gas
Authors: Liu Qian , Jin Bao Sheng
Published: December 2013

For biomass gasification, the high tar and carbon monoxide contents and the low heat value of fuel gas are problems to be solved, which leading to the poor operating conditions of the completed projects in China. Therefore, a new technology of biomass oxygen-enriched gasification in pressurized fluidized bed is proposed. Coupling the technologies of pressurized biomass oxygen-enriched gasification at low temperature, high-temperature gasification and melting, steam reforming and hydrocarbon synthesis, the high gasification efficiency, tar cracking and gas reforming shall be realized, and the middle/high heat value gas which meets the national standards will be produced. ASPEN PLUS simulation was carried out for biomass oxygen-enriched gasification. Both the equivalent ratio and gas yield of rice husk are lower than that of the wood sawdust, while the gas calorific values are equivalent. Considering the gas yield, the calorific value and economy, the optimum operating conditions are obtained: the gasification temperature at 1200 °C, the oxygen purity at 0.9, the equivalent ratio at about 0.25, the S/B ratio at 0.1~0.2. The gas yield could reach 1.9 m3/kg, and the gas calorific value was above 11 MJ/m3.
Overexpression of atpI Encoding ATP Synthase Enhances the Electricity Production in Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Chen Yu Pei , Chang Yu Chi , Liu Chao Lin , Lim Biing Cheng , Kuo Jong Tar
Published: December 2013

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been paid much attention due to its clean and renewable energy. In recent years, MFCs performed without addition of mediator were reported. In this research, the gene expression of atpI involved in ATP synthase of energy metabolism was compared at 3.7 and 37 mV applied voltage by reverse-transcription PCR. At high applied voltage, gene expression of atpI caused a 11.6-fold increase more than that at low applied voltage. Accordingly, overexpression vector harboring atpI gene was further constructed to demonstrate the effect of ATP synthase on the electricity production in MFC. The result showed that the current generated by E. coli harboring atpI gene can efficiently and rapidly be enhanced. The current production with atpI gene overexpression in E. coli was 3-fold higher than that of only pET15b vector at 106th h. Consequently, these results verified that electricity production can be improved via introduction of energy metabolism gene without addition of mediator. Keywords: Microbial fuel cells, atpI, gene expression,electricity
Research Progress on Biomass Liquid-Fuel Products by Thermo-Chemical Conversion
Authors: Kong Si Fang , Liu Hui , Ma Fu Shuan , Zeng Hui
Published: December 2013

Thermo-chemical conversion to prepare biomass liquid fuel is one of the most promising biomass utilization technologies for biomass energy. Direct liquefaction and indirect liquefaction, two main thermo-chemical conversion technologies for liquid fuel from biomass were introduced in detail. Moreover, the latest research status of five kinds of liquid-fuel products from biomass by thermo-chemical conversion technology, such as methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, biodiesel and biomass pyrolytic oil were especially discussed. In addition, the problems existing in the thermo-chemical conversion technology and products are discussed and the developing trend and some proposals on thermo-chemical utilization of biomass energy in future are p resented.
Thermal Characterization Study of Eucalyptus Sourced from South China with Thermo-Kinetic Analysis Method
Authors: Tang Ye , Fu Dian Zheng , Fu Zheng Hui , Zhang Hong Liang , Li Wei
Published: December 2013

In this study, thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic analysis techniques were used to investigating the pyrolysis characteristic of the eucalyptus feedstock sourced from South China. The thermogravimetric analysis results indicate that the pyrolysis of eucalyptus sample occurred in three main stages which are the moisture vaporization stage, the volatile matter release stage and the char decomposition stage. The kinetic analysis results show that C-R kinetic method fits to the pyrolysis characterizations of eucalyptus. In addition, the effects of different constant heating rates on the pyrolysis behavior and kinetic parameters have been also studied in this paper.
Conversion of Microalgae under Hydrothermal Conditions
Authors: Zhu Ying Ying , Xu Zeng , Yao Guo Dong , Jun Yun , Jin Fang Ming
Published: December 2013

A new and green technology for converting microalgae to high value-added chemicals with solid metal oxides catalysts under hydrothermal conditions was proposed. The results indicated that ZrO2, among other test catalysts, can prominently boost the production of acetic acid and a highest yield of 24% was achieved at 300 °C for 2 h with a filling rate of 50%. The metal oxides catalyst provided a promising solution to obtain acetic acid from microalgae conversion.
Dynamic Model of Rapeseed Oil Hydrolysis Reaction in Sub-Critical Water
Authors: Li Yi Zhe , Wang Hua , Bao Gui Rong
Published: December 2013

Experiments of Rapeseed Oil Hydrolysis Reaction in Sub-Critical Water (250-300°C, 5-60min) are Conducted in this Paper. Results Show that the Best Conditions for Rapeseed Oil Hydrolysis are Reaction Temperature 290°C, Oil-Water Volume Ratio 1:3, Reaction Time 40min, and Conversion Rate 98.9%. Meanwhile, Kinetic Analysis of this Hydrolysis Reaction is Presented. we Learn that Hydrolysis Reaction Order is 0.7778, Activation Energy is 55.34kJ/mol and the Dynamic Model is .
Experimental Research of Biomass Pyrolysis Characteristics at Low Temperature
Authors: Wang Kai , Jiang Jian Guo , Sun Rong Feng
Published: December 2013

The pyrolysis characteristics for two types biomass material was tested at 230°C~250°C, and the pyrolysis product component was on-line analyzed by using moisture micro-detection teller, gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer computer and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Besides, two different algorithms were used to evaluate the test error. In addition, the generated tar gas was secondary decomposed at 800°C. It is found that the tar was broken up completely, which increased the hydrogen content sharply in the pyrolysis gas. The test data shows that the heat value of cotton stalk improves better than that of the corn stalk after pyrolysis, so it is more suitable for cotton stalk than corn stalk to improve the value in use by means of low temperature pyrolysis technology.
Preparation of Activated Carbon from Formic Acid Hydrolysis Residue by Chemical Activation of ZnCl2
Authors: Wu Zhen , Sun Yong , Hu Lei , Xu Ning , Dai Ben Lin
Published: December 2013

Utilization of wheat straw for bio-based chemicals production is a research focus. In this work, experiments were conducted to study the preparation conditions of activated carbon from formic acid hydrolysis residue of wheat straw applying response surface methodology. The effects of activation reaction temperature, retention time and activator quantity on the decolorizing capacity of activated carbon were dealt with in this paper. Optimal preparation conditions were abtained by response surface methodology as followed: the content of ZnCl2 solution was 14.2%, reaction temperature was 798°C and retained time was 30 mins with a decolorizing capacity of 15.8 mL methylene blue. Results indicated that the technology was available.
Pyrolytic Behavior and Kinetic Analysis of Wheat Straw and Lignocellulosic Biomass Model Compound
Authors: Wu Zhi Qiang , Wang Shu Zhong , Zhao Jun , Chen Lin , Meng Hai Yu
Published: December 2013

From a carbon cycle perspective, the thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic biomass is inherently carbon neutral. Pyrolysis of biomass for energy supplying, such as bio-oil and bio-char, has been attracted much attention worldwide. Successful understanding the fundamental issues about the pyrolysis, including pyrolytic behavior and kinetic analysis of lignocellulosic biomass model compounds and real biomass, is essential for the further understanding and optimizing the pyrolysis process. In this paper, pyrolytic behavior of a typical lignocellulosic agricultural residue (wheat straw) and model compounds (cellulose) were measured through thermogravimetric analysis with various heating rates (10, 20, 40 °C·min-1) under nitrogen atmosphere. The results indicated that the interval of the weight loss for both wheat straw and cellulose moved upwards with the increment of heating rates. The maximum decomposition rates of cellulose were higher than those of wheat straw, and the temperature of maximum decomposition rates increased with the heating rates. Values of activation energy were solved through iso-conversional method. And the average values of activation energy for wheat straw and cellulose were 146.89 kJ·mol-1 and 134.56 kJ·mol-1 calculated from Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method, 144.05 kJ·mol-1 and 130.91 kJ·mol-1 calculated from Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose method, respectively.
A Research on the Performance of a Common Rail Diesel Engine Fueled with Different Blending Ratio of Biodiesels
Authors: Tan Ze Fei , Shen Li Zhong , Jin De Cai , Ou Yang Wen Bin
Published: December 2013

Using an atmosphere simulation test platform，the performance of a common rail diesel engine when the engine was fueled with diesel fuel (B0) and different blending ratio of biodiesel (B10, B20, B30)．The results show that at the same altitude(81kPa), with the mixing ratio of biodiesel increases，the common rail diesel engine has higher brake specific fuel consumption and lower power，but it has lower smoke．The biodiesel has a litter influence on the brake specific fuel consumption and power of the common rail diesel engine. The power of B30 is reduced by 4.38% in comparison with B0 maximally. The brake specific fuel consumption of B30 is increased by 4.32% in comparison with B0 maximally. The smoke of B30 are reduced by 22.5％, 38.6%, 57.1% in comparison with B0 maximally.
Application of Technology of the Internet of Things on the Monitoring of Geothermal Field
Authors: Yu Yuan , Zou Yuan Lin
Published: December 2013

The technology of internet of things (IOT) can be utilizated to realize the monitoring the variation of geothermal field effectively and accurately in true time. Monitoring data shows that the influence range of underground heat exchangers is less than 3 m in certain hydro-geological conditions, and has no heat breakthrough in center hole of the whole area. The imbalance of heat collection and extraction don’t cause the temperature rise in geothermal field in summer and winter. Figures show that the regional shallow geothermal resources supply the heat-exchange area by the means of heat convection of underground water and heat transfer of rock and soil.
The Application of Image Recognition in Mobile Solar Power Device: Based on Light Intensity Detection in Shaded Area
Authors: Ma Jian , Zheng Bang De , Jia Yong Tian , Yuan Jian Hua
Published: December 2013

In the comparative analysis of image characteristics of shadow-free and shaded area, an algorithm for shaded area, avoiding the area whose illumination is weak and tending to the area with strong light via looking for the strongest and weakest light area, is established, which can thereby improve the efficiency of power generation. The result demonstrates that the method can find the region with the strongest sunlight fast and accurately.
Energy Efficiency Analysis of Preheating Boiler Feedwater System with Air Source Heat Pump
Authors: Wang Lin Jun , Liu Wei , Zhang Dong , Gao Zhang Wei
Published: December 2013

In order to solve the problems of high energy consumption and serious pollution caused by boiler rooms, this paper mainly introduces a preheating boiler feedwater system with air source heat pump, which includes an air source heat pump, plate heat exchanger and so on. The calculating results show that the system can save coal of 35.67 tons, reduce emissions of carbon dioxide of 94.90 tons per year and would recover all the investment eight years later; It has been proved that the system has better characters such as energy-saving, economical efficiency and so on; it is worth popularizing widely in the city as Lanzhou city with heaviest air pollution.
A Nonlinear Piezoelectric Energy Harvester from the Vibration of Magnetic Levitation
Authors: Wang Zu Yao
Published: December 2013

Vibration-based energy harvester has been widely investigated during the past years. In .order to improve the power-generating ability and enlarge the frequency range of energy harvesters, this paper presents the design and analysis of a new magneto electric energy harvester that uses Terfenol-D/PZT/Terfenol-D laminate to harvest energy from nonlinear vibrations created by magnetic levitation. The mathematical model of the proposed harvester is derived and used in a parametric study. By multi-scale analysis, the frequency-response analysis of the system is obtained and discussed here. It is shown that the systems nonlinearity can broaden the harvesters working bandwidth, thus makes the harvester suitable to work in practical cases.
The Isolation DC-DC Partial Voltage Charge Equalization on Lithium-Ion Power Battery
Authors: Yu Zhang , Wang Dian Long , Li Ji Dong
Published: December 2013

The inconsistency of power battery pack is one of the key factors decreasing the battery performance. The common equalization techniques have some problems like control is complex; the equalization effect is not obvious and low efficiency. In this paper, an equalization charge apparatus was designed based on DC-DC partial voltage technique with the multiple secondary invert circuit and DSP technique and analyzed the main characteristics of this method. Its input is the energy of the whole battery pack. At last, an equilibrium charging experiment was done adopting a lithium-ion power battery pack constituted by 84 series 80Ah cells. The results show that the method can effectively improve the consistency of the battery, give full play to the performance of power battery and good equilibrium effect.
Selection of Working Fluids for Medium Temperature Heat Pipes Used in Parabolic Trough Solar Receivers
Authors: Liu Yun , Zhang Hong
Published: December 2013

According to the methods of focusing,the solar thermal generation can be classified to tower system,parabolic trough system and dish-stirling system. The parabolic solar thermal generation system is an important type of solar thermal utilization. Compared to tower and dish-stirling system,the parabolic trough system has many advantages such as the small concentration ratio,the simple process,the low material requirement and the simple tracking device because of many concentrator on-axis tracking. The parabolic trough system is the lowest cost, least close to commercialization,larger potential system optimization,and the most suitable to large operation in this three thermal generation systems [1,. The parabolic trough system is composed of concentrator and receiver,and the receiver is the key component that uses solar energy to heat working fluids in receiver. Therefore,the key problem is how to make the solar energy transfer to subsequent generation system efficiently and stably.
Greenhouse Earth to Air Heat Exchanger and its Research Progress
Authors: Tian Hui Fang , Shang Li Kun , Wu Zhou , Wang Jing Jing
Published: December 2013

As a new sustainable development technology, the greenhouse earth to air heat exchanger (EAHE) is more economic and energy-saving than other traditional thermal technologies for greenhouse because of the high heat capacity of the shallow soil. The research progress related to the greenhouse EAHE in China and around the world are viewed and discussed from two main aspects, in which some disadvantages are shown and the future study to be perfected is proposed as well.
Deviation Analysis on Flow and Heat Transfer Model of Large Air-Cooled Steam Condenser Unit
Authors: Lv Yi , Zhang Hui , Yue Yu Jin , Yang Li Jun , Zhang Xiao Dong
Published: December 2013

Many power plants adopt air-cooled condensers (ACC) with finned tubes, using ambient air to condense turbine exhaust steam. Each condenser unit is mainly composed of two heat transfer surfaces like A and large diameter axial flow fans driving air. In the study of environmental wind effects, etc, due to the condenser unit size is bigger, it is necessary to simplify the condenser unit internal flow and heat transfer calculation, but the deviations introduced by these simplifies failed to get enough attention. In view of one condenser unit, three kinds of flow and heat tansfer combinated model were respectively investigated. A computational fluid dynamics software (CFD) is used to solve the problem.Research priority is analyzing the deviations of internal flow and heat transfer features in the condenser unit according to the extracted datum. The study gives some useful informatin to the design of a thermal power plant with an ACC system.
The Application of the Green Energy in HVAC
Authors: Zhao Jing Bo
Published: December 2013

With the rapid development of Chinese economy, making the energy consumption of HVAC increase sharply, HVAC energy saving has been an increasingly urgent event. This paper points out that the development of green energy is the need of energy saving and environmental protection, this paper introduces the application of green energy in the HVAC, how to develop new technology in HVAC and puts forward some opinions.
Energy-Saving Blast Dehumidification System for Blast Furnace
Authors: Zhang Fang , Feng Xiao Qiang , Xiao Yun Fei
Published: December 2013

Blast furnace in steel industry consumes about 9% of annual energy consumption of domestic industry. Blast dehumidification is an important way to increase production and decrease coke ratio of blast furnace. The energy-saving blast dehumidification system uses heat pipe for air pre-cooling and re-heating before and after dehumidification. Because temperature of air has been decreased to a certain extent by pre-cooling, dehumidification energy consumption could be decreased. After dehumidification, temperature of the air could be increased by re-heating, thus the threshold temperature of the air sent into hot blast stove could also be increased, it would save energy and increase production of blast furnace. But this system has an extra heat pipe heat exchanger compared with traditional one, so the construction cost and pressure drop may be higher.
Energy Saving Application in Constant Pressure Water Supply System Based on SANCO - vm05 Frequency Converter
Authors: Liu Jiao Yue , Yang Ju Qing , Wang Chuan Ming
Published: December 2013

This paper analyzes the design of constant pressure water supply frequency control system based on SANCO - vm05 inverter with the built-in PID regulator and SWS water supply control. It’s replacing traditional way of water supply to eliminate the secondary pollution of water quality, improve the quality of the water supply, save energy by 20% - 40%, thus it’s proved as small investment and large gains.
The Research on Energy Saving of Pump Fluid Conveying System
Authors: Pan Chong Chao , Feng Zheng Qian , Li Peng Cheng , Chen Hai Hong
Published: December 2013

In order to determine the energy saving effect of the pump system after the energy saving technical reconstruction project implementation, this paper mainly researches on how to measure and verify the pump system energy saving after the energy saving technical reconstruction project implementation for AC drive (drag) centrifugal, mixed flow, axial flow, vortex pumps and reciprocating pumps. This paper also puts forward the related definitions, boundaries, methods, technical requirements of measurement and verification, etc.
Research on the Technology of Intelligent Control Terminal Personalized Heating Heating System
Authors: Xu De Cheng
Published: December 2013

This design develop the equipment of centralized heat supply system heating according to need, energy-saving emission reduction technology in the end of indoor.The intelligent control, remote control technology that applied to the indoor heating system, developed with the realization of wireless remote control by mobile phone short message; along with the change of environment temperature and sunshine environment and intelligent control of heat supply; intelligent temperature control, real-time temperature storage, query and other functions of the controller.By controlling the switch on the intelligent control valve, which can be heating, reducing waste according to the actual situation of different users, to achieve the purpose of energy saving.
Application Research of Reclaimed Water Source Heat Pump Techniques in Beijing
Authors: Yu Yuan , Zheng Jia , Yu Hao
Published: December 2013

This paper describes in detail the current situation of reclaimed water energy utilization in Beijing. There are three key facters have been intruduced in the dividing suitable areas of reclaimed water heat energy in Beijing, which are taking distance, heat transportation distance of reclaimed water and adaptability of heat pump system and building. The research will provides the scientific reference for the users and other related departments of application of reclaimed water source heat pump system, which will be helpful in popularizing the GSHP and giving full play to environmental protection and energy saving advantages of reclaimed water heat energy.
Research on Reclaimed Water Heat Energy Conditions and Application in Beijing
Authors: Zheng Jia , Yu Yuan , Li Juan , Fu Chang Hong
Published: December 2013

This paper concerns the utilization parameters of reclaimed water, and evaluates the heat resource potential and suitable development area of reclaimed water. The heat energy from reclaimed water resources is expected to reach 1027 MW in 2020. The building area that is suitable for adopting reclaimed water heat pump system is about 1.4×108m2. The potential of utilization and development space are huge. There is more than 30% savings of operating cost by using reclaimed water heat energy for buildings with contrast to traditional supply mode, and can reduce more than 70% of the exhaust heat at the same time. The economic and environmental benefit are great.
Analysis of Ejector in Central Air Conditioner Combined with Solar Ejector Refrigeration System
Authors: Huang Hui Lan , Li Gang , Chen Xiang , Su Zhong Yi
Published: December 2013

Comparing with the common jet refrigeration system, a central air conditioner combined with solar ejector refrigeration system was proposed. The system characteristic was presented. It can improve the coefficient of the single solar system and solve operation problem for day-and-night, and can reduce the energy consumption of central air conditioner. A reasonable ejector to match with the central air conditioning is a main component in the system. The ejector in the solar refrigeration system is preliminary analyzed by the pneumatic function method. It will provide the important reference to improving the conditioner performance and system efficiency on air conditioning energy saving.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfonated Polybenzimidazole (SPBI) Copolymer for Polymer Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Shyuan Loh Kee , Tan Eng Lee , Wan Daud Wan Ramli , Mohamad Abu Bakar
Published: December 2013

A diverse sulfonated polybenzimidazole copolymer (SPBI) as proton exchange membrane was synthesiszed via one-step high temperature polymerization method with 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DABD), 5-sulfoisophthalic acid (SIPA), 4,4-sulfonyldibenzoic acid (SDBA) and biphenyl-4,4-dicarboxylic acid (BDCA). The SPBI membrane was prepared through a direct hot-casting and in situ phase inversion technique. Characterization tests were carried out on the membranes including surface morphology, distribution of elements on the membrane, determination of functional groups, thermal stability, ion exchange capacity, water uptake rate and proton conductivity. The as-synthesized SPBI membrane displayed a smooth surface via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis which is thermally stable up to 443 °C. The SPBI membrane showed higher water uptake rate (WUR) and proton conductivity though it had lower ion exchange capacity (IEC) value compared to recast Nafion membrane. The proton conductivity of the SPBI membrane with IEC of 0.60 mmol/g was 4.50 × 10-2 S/cm at 90 °C. This study shows that the SPBI membrane has great potential in polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications.
Recent Progress for TiO2 as the Support of Electrocatalysts in Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Cao Xiao Lu , Li Qiao Xia , Yao Ya Feng , Xu Qun Jie
Published: December 2013

Fuel cell is one of the most promising power sources towards high-efficiency, low-emission and environmental benign application. In pursuit of a higher performance, electrocatalyst is a crucial research focus. Compared with commercial carbon support, TiO2 exhibits the advantages of higher stability, higher porosity and stronger metal-support interaction. In this article, we give a brief overlook on the influence of diverse crystal and morphology structures on their eletrocatalytic property in fuel cells. Besides, to better meet the demand of practical electrocatalysts, three different methods are summarized to overcome its relatively poor electrical conductivity. Overall, TiO2 is a promising support material of electrocatalysts in fuel cells.
New Progress in Microbial Fuel Cells and its Outlook
Authors: Wang Li , Lin Qiao , Zhang Jie , Wang Jie , Zhou Yun , Feng Xiao Na
Published: December 2013

Electrodes, catalysts, membranes, if present, are three main components in constructing a MFC for harvesting desired maximum power density and achieving higher coulombic efficiency (CE). Great improvements have been made, based on previous researches, in developing and diversifying materials, aside from architectures. Electrodes most familiar to us are widely used carbon materials. For anodes, carbon matrix composites (e.g., acombination of polyaniline (PANI) with TiO2 using carbon as substrate) have gained special attention, though carbon material itself can exhibit excellent performance by diversifying molecular structures such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In the meanwhile, the evolution of MFC architectures, heading to the direction of improving power generation, contributes to the combination of membranes and cathodes from separate modes to diverse assemblies, on which all sorts of catalysts, such as from commonly used Pt to iron phthalocyanine (Pc), metal tetramethoxyphenylporphyrin (TMPP), MnOx, or pyrolyzed iron (ll) phthalocyanine (pyr-FePc), can immobilize through synthesis of these catalysts with polymer such as Nafion 117 (Dupont Co., USA) or tetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) containing functional groups or Polypyrrole (PPy). This paper is mainly aimed at reviewing the development of materials in recent years and making several proposals.
Preparation of Co3Ni Film Composed of Nanosheets and their Catalytic Activity in Hydrogen Generation from Sodium Borohydride Solution
Authors: Liao Jin Yun , Li Hao , Zhang Xi Bin
Published: December 2013

In this study, aiming to obtain high performance nanocatalysts for NaBH4 hydrolysis, Co3Ni film composed of nanosheets with a mean thickness of 10 nm was fabricated by a magnetic field induced deposition process. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the as-prepared Co3Ni film is presented in both face-centered cubic phase and hexagonal close-packed phase. The nanostructured Co3Ni film catalyst showed good catalytic activity in the hydrolysis of NaBH4 and the rate constant was 5.77 mL·min-1. It was revealed that Co3Ni film catalysts didnt lose their catalytic original activity essentially after 10 cycles, which exhibited much improved reusability and stability compared with with recently reported nanocatalysts.