bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recurring radiation-induced angiosarcoma of the breast that was treated with paclitaxel chemotherapy: a case report
Authors: Suzuki Yoko , Taniguchi Kohei , Hatono Minami , Kajiwara Yukiko , Abe Yuko , Kawada Kengo , Tsukioki Takahiro , Kochi Mariko , Nishiyama Keiko , Iwamoto Takayuki , Ikeda Hirokuni , Shien Tadahiko , Taira Naruto , Tabata Masahiro , Yanai Hiroyuki , Doihara Hiroyoshi
Published: January 2020

Background

Angiosarcoma of the breast is very rare and can be divided into primary and secondary angiosarcoma. Radiation-induced angiosarcoma (RIAS) is classified as secondary angiosarcoma. Diagnosis of RIAS is difficult due to its rarity, and the interpretation of pathological imaging is complicated. In the National Comprehensive Care Network (NCCN) guidelines, the first choice of treatment is surgery with negative margins. Adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for close soft tissue margins should be considered. Preoperative or adjuvant chemotherapy of nonmetastatic disease is not recommended for angiosarcoma. We report a case of RIAS, which was impossible to diagnose with core needle biopsy (CNB) but was diagnosed by excisional biopsy. The patient was then administered adjuvant chemotherapy using conjugated paclitaxel (PTX).

Case presentation

A 62-year-old woman noticed a tumor in her right breast. She had a history of right breast cancer and had undergone breast-conserving surgery, RT, and tamoxifen therapy 8 years previously. CNB, which was performed twice, was inconclusive. The tumor was surgically excised and pathological analysis yielded a diagnosis of angiosarcoma. She then underwent a right mastectomy. One month after she underwent right mastectomy, a nodule reappeared on the skin of her right breast, and excisional biopsy revealed recurrence of angiosarcoma. A few weeks later another nodule reappeared near the post-operative scar and excisional biopsy revealed recurrence of angiosarcoma. We assumed that surgical therapy was insufficient because the patient experienced relapse of angiosarcoma after complete mastectomy. After the second recurrence, we treated her with systemic chemotherapy using PTX. There was no evidence of recurrence 8 months after chemotherapy.

Conclusion

Although angiosarcoma is difficult to diagnose, many patients have a poor prognosis. Therefore, prompt treatment intervention is desired. Moreover, there is little evidence regarding adjuvant therapy of angiosarcoma since it is a rare disease. We consider that adjuvant therapy helped to effectively prevent recurrence in the patient after complete excision.
Overall profit Malmquist productivity index under data uncertainty
Authors: Akbarian Dariush
Published: January 2020

The calculation of the overall profit Malmquist productivity index (MPI) requires precise and accurate information on the input, output, input-output prices of each decision making unit (DMU). However, in many situations, some inputs and/or outputs and input-output prices are imprecise. As such, we consider the overall profit MPI problem when the input, output, and input-output prices are imprecise and vary over intervals, showing that method (MCM 54: 2827–2838, 2011) has some shortfalls. To remedy these shortfalls, we propose another method for measuring the overall profit MPI when the inputs, outputs, and price vectors vary over intervals. That is, to calculate the overall profit efficiency intervals, cone-ratio data envelopment analysis models can be applied to the incorporated information as weight restrictions. Further, we provide a new approach to calculating the upper bound of the overall profit efficiency of each DMU. A numerical example is provided for illustrating the proposed method.
Comparative transcriptome analysis in Triticum aestivum infecting wheat dwarf virus reveals the effects of viral infection on phytohormone and photosynthesis metabolism pathways
Authors: Liu Yu , Liu Yan , Spetz Carl , Li Li , Wang Xifeng
Published: January 2020

Wheat dwarf virus (WDV), a mastrevirus transmitted by the leafhopper Psammotettix alienus, causes a severe disease in cereal crops. Typical symptoms of wheat plants infected by WDV are yellowing and severe dwarfing. In this present study, RNA-Seq was used to perform gene expression analysis in wheat plants in response to WDV infection. Comparative transcriptome analysis indicated that a total of 1042 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the comparison between mock and WDV-inoculated wheat plants. Genomes ontology (GO) annotation revealed a number of DEGs associated with different biological processes, such as phytohormone metabolism, photosynthesis, DNA metabolic process, response to biotic stimulus and defense response. Among these, DEGs involved in phytohormone and photosynthesis metabolism and response pathways were further enriched and analyzed, which indicated that hormone biosynthesis, signaling and chloroplast photosynthesis-related genes might play an important role in symptom development after WDV infection. These results illustrate the dynamic nature of the wheat-WDV interaction at the transcriptome level and confirm that symptom development is a complex process, providing a solid foundation to elucidate the pathogenesis of WDV.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of some 4-aminoquinoline derivatives as potential antitubercular agents
Authors: Alegaon Shankar , Kashniyal Kamlesh , Kuncolienkar Sanket , Kavalapure Rohini , Salve Preeti , Palled Mahesh , Suryawanshi Shailendra , Jalalpure Sunil
Published: January 2020

Background

Based on bioisosteric similarities with thiacetazone, a series of 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline derivatives have been designed and synthesized. The target compounds were elucidated by NMR, mass, and FTIR spectral data. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (MTB), and human dermal fibroblast cell lines were used to assess toxicity of selected ligands.

Results

All of the designed compounds showed inhibition of MTB with MIC of 1.56–50 μM. Among the tested compounds, 7c and 7g proved to be most potent MTB inhibitors (MIC = 1.56 μM).

Conclusions

The outcome of present study suggests that most of the synthesized compounds are sensitive to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and showed acceptable range for molecular parameters. Thus, 7-chloro-4-aminoquinolines could be a useful lead for the development of new MTB inhibitory agents.
Digital Precarity Manifesto
Authors: Lab Precarity
Published: January 2020

Digital technologies have helped consolidate the wealth and influence of a small number of people. By taking advantage of flexible labor and by shifting accountability to individuals, sharing economy platforms have furthered insecure conditions for racial, ethnic, and sexual minorities, women, indigenous people, migrants, and peoples in the Global South. At the same time, precarity has become increasingly generalized, expanding to the creative class and digital producers themselves. If networked lives are always imagined as productive, virtuous, connective, and efficient, it is clear that these networks are broken. Written by Precarity Lab, a group of intergenerational, transnational feminist and people and women of color scholars, this manifesto envisions a new approach to digital studies. It argues for a new analytic for tracing how precarity unfolds across disparate geographic sites and cultural practices in the digital age.
Geometric validation of a computer simulator used in radiography education
Authors: Cosson Philip , Lu Zenghai
Published: January 2020

Objectives:

The radiographical process of projection of a complex human form onto a two-dimensional image plane gives rise to distortions and magnifications. It is important that any simulation used for educational purposes should correctly reproduce these. Images generated using a commercially available computer simulation widely used in radiography education (ProjectionVRTM) were tested for geometric accuracy of projection in all planes.

Methods:

An anthropomorphic skull phantom was imaged using standard projection radiography techniques and also scanned using axial CT acquisition. The data from the CT was then loaded into the simulator and the same projection radiography techniques simulated. Bony points were identified on both the real radiographs and the digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs). Measurements sensitive to rotation and magnification were chosen to check for rotation and distortion errors.

Results:

The real radiographs and the DRRs were compared by four experienced observers and measurements taken between the identified bony points on each of the images obtained. Analysis of the mean observations shows that the measurement from the DRR matches the real radiograph +1.5 mm/−1.5 mm. The Bland Altman bias was 0.55 (1.26 STD), with 95% limits of agreement 3.01 to −1.91.

Conclusions:

Agreement between the empirical measurements is within the reported error of cephalometric analysis in all three anatomical planes. The image appearances of both the real radiographs and DRRs compared favourably.

Advances in knowledge:

The commercial computer simulator under test (ProjectionVRTM) was able to faithfully recreate the image appearances of real radiography techniques, including magnification and distortion. Students using this simulation for training will obtain feedback likely to be useful when lessons are applied to real-world situations.
Integrating tuberculosis research with public health infrastructure: Lessons on community engagement from Orizaba, Mexico
Authors: Boulanger Renaud F. , García-García Lourdes , Ferreyra-Reyes Letitia , Canizales-Quintero Sergio , Palacios-Martínez Manuel , Ponce-de-Leon Alfredo , Lavery James V.
Published: January 2020

Background: The Orizaba Health Region, in Veracruz, Mexico, has hosted the research programme of the Consorcio Mexicano contra la Tuberculosis since 1995.

Methods: The objective of this retrospective case study conducted in 2009 was to describe and explain the evolution and outcomes of the stakeholder and community engagement activities of the Consorcio. Recorded interviews and focus groups were coded to identify major themes related to the success of stakeholder and community engagement activities.

Results: The Consorcio successfully managed to embed its research program into the local public health infrastructure. This integration was possible because the core research team tailored its engagement strategy to the local context, while focusing on a large spectrum of stakeholders with various positions of authority and responsibility. The overall engagement strategy can be described as a three-pronged endeavor: building a “coalition” with local authorities, nurturing “camaraderie” with community health workers, and striving to be “present” in the lives of community members and participants.

Conclusions: The Consorcio’s efforts teach valuable lessons on how to approach stakeholder and community engagement in tuberculosis (TB) research, particularly in developing countries. Furthermore, the health outcomes reveal stakeholder and community engagement as a potentially under-tapped tool to promote disease control.
Electronic cigarettes: a clinical perspective
Authors: Cope Graham
Published: January 2020

Graham Cope examines the potential risks associated with the rise of vaping
Hypertension in the elderly – should we bother?
Authors: Bostock-Cox Beverley
Published: January 2020

Beverley Bostock-Cox looks at the challenges associated with managing this complex condition in older patients
The health of our men and boys: Homo-heterogeneity
Authors: Peate Ian
Published: January 2020

Ian Peate looks at the specialist physical and mental health needs of males
The Development of Computerized Economics Item Banking for Classroom and School-Based Assessment
Authors: Friyatmi Friyatmi , Mardapi Djemari , Haryanto Haryanto , Rahmi Elvi
Published: January 2020

The advancement of information and technology resulted in the change in conventional test methods. The weaknesses of the paper-based test can be minimized using the computer-based test (CBT). The development of a CBT desperately needs a computerized item bank. This study aimed to develop a computerized item bank for classroom and school-based assessments. A research and development method is used in this study, which consisted of four phases, i.e., planning, item development, system development, and field testing. Data is collected through documentation, expert judgment, and field testing. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and item response theory. The sample of this study was teachers and high school students in West Sumatera province selected using purposive random sampling techniques. The results of the study are as follows. 1) The computerized item bank has excellent quality based on expert validation. 2) There are 120 items inputted into the item bank system that has a moderate difficulty and good discriminant index based on item response theory. 3) The field testing indicated the computerized economics item banking has high effectiveness of usability, usefulness for the teachers, and feasible for classroom and school-based assessment.
Design and application of a portable luminometer for bioluminescence detection
Authors: Jung Youngkee , Coronel-Aguilera Claudia , Doh Iyll-Joon , Min Hyun Jung , Lim Trevor , Applegate Bruce M. , Bae Euiwon
Published: January 2020

The silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) for low light detection has many advantages when compared to existing photon counting detectors, such as high sensitivity, low cost, robustness, and compact hardware. To facilitate the use of SiPM as a portable, field deployable device, an electrical circuit was designed consisting of an amplifier, comparator, and microcontroller. In addition, a 3D printing was used to create a portable cradle for housing the SiPM. To evaluate its detection ability, a laser experiment and bioluminescent experiments, including Pseudomonas fluorescens M3A detection, E. coli O157:H7 PhiV10nluc lysogen detection, and a luminescence-based detection of E. coli O157:H7 in ground meat using the engineered luminescent-based reporter phage PhiV10nluc, were conducted. In the same experimental setting, our previously developed smartphone-based luminometer called the bioluminescent-based analyte quantitation by smartphone and a conventional photomultiplier tube-based benchtop luminometer were used to compare detection levels and applicability for supporting luminescent phage-based pathogen detection. Results showed that the SiPM provides better performance in terms of time to detection and SNR and could be used as the light detection component of the PhiV10nluc phage-based detection format.
Transmission characteristics of a double fiber ring with a fiber Bragg grating
Authors: Ghosh Biswajit , Mandal Sanjoy
Published: January 2020

The

Z

-domain model of a double fiber ring with a uniform fiber Bragg grating incorporated using two optical couplers and a double ring with Bragg grating configuration using three optical couplers is developed. The developed mathematical model is used to determine the transmission response. The performance of the double ring with the grating using two optical couplers is compared with previously measured results and is found to be in very close agreement. A similar double ring with a grating structure using three optical couplers is proposed. By proper optimization of grating reflectivity and power coupling ratios, a narrow full width at half-maximum with virtually zero cross talk is achieved. Compared with the double-ring configuration using two optical couplers, the proposed structure yields a higher finesse, giving much better spectral selectivity. The performance of the proposed structure as a strain sensor is investigated using the delay line signal-processing technique in the

Z

domain. The detection resolution in measurement of a weak strain variation is much enhanced.
Photonic cavity enhanced high-performance surface plasmon resonance biosensor
Authors: Liu Gui-Shi , Xiong Xin , Hu Shiqi , Shi Weicheng , Chen Yaofei , Zhu Wenguo , Zheng Huadan , Yu Jianhui , Azeman Nur Hidayah , Luo Yunhan , Chen Zhe
Published: January 2020

Herein we propose a novel strategy to enhance surface plasmon resonance (SPR) by introducing a photonic cavity into a total-internal-reflection architecture. The photonic cavity, which is comprised of a highly reflective photonic crystal (PC), defect layers, and a gold (Au) film, enables Fabry–Perot (FP) resonances in the defect layers and therefore narrows the SPR resonance width in the metallic surface as well as increases the electric field intensity and penetration depth in the evanescent region. The fabricated sensor exhibits a 5.7-fold increase in the figure of merit and a higher linear coefficient as compared with the conventional Au-SPR sensor. The demonstrated PC/FP cavity/metal structure presents a new design philosophy for SPR performance enhancement.
Dielectric metalens-based Hartmann–Shack array for a high-efficiency optical multiparameter detection system
Authors: Wang Yuxi , Wang Zhaokun , Feng Xing , Zhao Ming , Zeng Cheng , He Guangqiang , Yang Zhenyu , Zheng Yu , Xia Jinsong
Published: January 2020

The real-time measurement of the polarization and phase information of light is very important and desirable in optics. Metasurfaces can be used to achieve flexible wavefront control and can therefore be used to replace traditional optical elements to produce a highly integrated and extremely compact optical system. Here, we propose an efficient and compact optical multiparameter detection system based on a Hartmann–Shack array with

2
×
2

subarray metalenses. This system not only enables the efficient and accurate measurement of the spatial polarization profiles of optical beams via the inspection of foci amplitudes, but also measures the phase and phase-gradient profiles by analyzing foci displacements. In this work, details of the design of the elliptical silicon pillars for the metalens are described, and we achieve a high average focusing efficiency of 48% and a high spatial resolution. The performance of the system is validated by the experimental measurement of 22 scalar polarized beams, an azimuthally polarized beam, a radially polarized beam, and a vortex beam. The experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.
The line of sense: An outline of the On(the)line
Authors: Brezavšček Pia
Published: January 2020

The text is a rewritten lecture on the staging of Mateja Bučar's dance installation On(the)line performed in Cankarjev dom on 20 October 2017. It draws parallels between a staged art situation and the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze whose book The Logic of Sense discusses the line of sense, the surface that separates bodies and events and represents the line of nonsense that produces sense and language. Conversely, the simple gesture of a line drawn along the lobby of Cankarjev dom in the performance On(the)line is one that establishes an extraordinary situation, a line of artistic nonsense that has, as Andrew Hewitt would say, the power to switch between the aesthetic and the political.
Impulstanz 2019: A few thoughts
Authors: Brezavšček Pia , Lobnik Alja
Published: January 2020

During their residence in Vienna, the editors of this magazine visited a part of the ImpulsTanz festival in order to map international trends in contemporary dance. They established that, following an increase in the production of contemporary dance, interest in theory (the Maska magazine being an important part of this scene for several years now) experienced a decrease. They divided the production into three categories: A Dance of Great Names (mentioning Ivo Dimchev with Selfie Concert, Jonathan Burrows with Rewriting, a piece by Wim Vandekeybus/Ultima Vez Go Figure Out Yourself and a classic by DD Dorvillier/Human Future Dance Corps: No Change, or »Freedom Is a Psycho-kinetic Skill«), the position of the viewer and the hermeticisms of the current contemporary dance (analysing Anna Juren's 42, a solo performance by Dani Michel Cutlass Spring and Compass by Simone Augherlony, Petra Hrašćanec and Saša Božić) and new formalisms and contemporary repetition (Tatiana Chizhikova and Roman Kutnov: Time to Time and Ellen Furey and Malik Nashad Sharpe: SOFTLAMP.Autonomies).
»There is something beautiful in this« (Milan Marković Matthis): On autobiography, body and pain, sexual pleasure, biopolitics, the eventfulness of script and more
Authors: Lobnik Alja
Published: January 2020

The dramatics of Simona Semenič always emerge through an autobiographical declarative position, they moult through the body. The position of the author, a woman, mother, an artist with an unsettled medical care status, self-employed in culture, an epileptic and smoker is inscribed in them. This holds especially true for the Victim trilogy (I, Victim; The Second Time) which toys with the relation between the bodily and the pathology of the political, between reality and fiction, and between the performative and the dramatic. The text addresses the eventfulness of her textual positions which are most commonly spread through her solo self-performances of the biopolitics of everyday life, as well as through the installation of texts in space which try to give texts a different form of existence. I also consider the juiciness of her texts through which she plays with the Slovene language and gives it some sort of fundamental vibrancy as well as the unreserved zeal that strolls along the taboos of inhibited sexuality and male-female relations, and nonchalantly reveals the production and autonomy of the 'female' sexual pleasure.
do me twice: An example of the functioning of a text-event
Authors: Čičigoj Katja
Published: January 2020

The present text is a chapter from the MAthesis Open Work in Contemporary Theatre Writing: Towards the Eventfulness of the Text by Katja Čičigoj (2013). The thesis examines the play do me twice by the acclaimed theatre practitioner Simona Semenič, which was performed for the first time on 20 December 2009 in Glej Theatre, Ljubljana. This chapter performs a case analysis in the context of a revised theory of the open work, which the author develops in the thesis: by drawing upon Deleuze, Guattari, Lyotard and Massumi, the author develops a post-semiotic aesthetic theory to approach contemporary theatre texts The discussed play is an example of contemporary theatre writing that emerges, on the one hand, out of the reflection on the theatre medium (its eventfulness) and the reflection on writing as a practice, on the other. The text incorporates this reflection not so much in terms of explicit thematisation but primarily at the level of its production-reception: this is a text-event, a text that is emerging (is revised and continually developed) during the performance of this same text, while at the same time it also thematises this emerging and revisioning. Precisely this collapse of the traditional chronological succession and ontological difference between production and reception, between text and event, is the aspect which opens up the discussed text to its thinking in terms of the concept of the open work and, at the same time, also enables a critical reflection on the concept itself.
Pregled čez preglej
Authors: Simoneti Jaka Smerkolj
Published: January 2020

Povzetek

V zapisu skušam na pregleden način zarisati pokrajino, v kateri nastaja sodobna slovenska dramatika, pri čemer kot ključno prelomnico vzpostavljam skupino Preglej in Simono Semenič kot ključno figuro tako v Pregleju kakor tudi v kasnejšem razvijanju slovenske dramske pisave. Osredotočam se tako na produkcijo, kjer skušam zaobjeti obstoječe prakse produciranja dramskih avtorjev ter izpostaviti nekatere ključne preboje v teh praksah, kakor tudi recepcijo z naslombo na manko dramske kritike ter manko izdajanja oziroma širjenja novonastalih dramskih besedil.
Nevarne obljube
Authors: Smole Simon
Published: January 2020

Povzetek

Članek skuša k novejši srbski gledališki sceni pristopiti z več vidikov, saj poleg poetične in kulturološke ravni poudarja razmerja gospostva znotraj gledališkega polja in širše v tranzicijskem in posttranzicijskem kulturnem modelu Srbije. Novost tako imenovane nove srbske drame odkriva v njeni prelomnosti s srbsko gledališko tradicijo in njenimi reprezentacijskimi ter estetskimi konvencijami, a sočasno problematizira pomanjkanje sprememb v paradigmi delovanja gledališkega polja (način režije, igranja, organizacije, produkcije).
Draga Simona
Authors: Matthis Milan Marković
Published: January 2020

Povzetek

»Draga Simona« je kratek članek, v katerem se avtor poslužuje izpovednega formata pisma priznani dramski avtorici Simoni Semenič zato, da lahko očrta nekaj potencialnih smeri analize njenega pisanja, a tudi da razmišljam o njunem privatnem odnosu. Prvi del teksta se ukvarja z odnosom med gledališčem in družbo, drugi del z odnosom med spoli in tretji z odnosom med intimnim in javnim.
The lines of no return
Authors: Troha Tadej
Published: January 2020

The text is a rewritten lecture on the staging of Mateja Bučar's dance installation Na liniji (On(the)Line) performed in Cankarjev dom on 5 October 2017. The author's reflection on the line leads him to discuss very specific delineations – the wire or (using the words of the Government's PR department) technical barriers that wish to move the fact of migration flows outside, but it is merely a poor attempt at closing their eyes to the truth. The author sees a very similar line of no return in the authorities' actions in the light of climate change.
Drawing a line of demarcation
Authors: Pfaller Robert
Published: January 2020

The text is a rewritten lecture on the staging of Mateja Bučar's dance installation On(the)line performed in Cankarjev dom on 6 October 2017. The author writes about Althusser's demarcation line between ideas deemed to be right and ideas deemed to be wrong. He makes a connection with Freud's call to differentiate between science and theoretical ideology, which itself says that it has always claimed the same thing. In this sense, not even the enemy is simply the absolute other, but rather an alter ego.
Denial along the lines of truth
Authors: Salecl Renata
Published: January 2020

The text is a rewritten lecture on the staging of Mateja Bučar's dance installation On(the)line performed in Cankarjev dom on 19 October 2017. The author thinks of denial as the defence mechanism of the mental apparatus against facts that are too traumatic. And the technological present, with its tailored individualised news, sees to it that certain traumatic content doesn't pierce the veil of truth and never even reaches the user. In a way, the internal mental mechanism of denial has been externalised through the Internet codes of social networks.
Trabajo, movilidad y huella: Apuntes sobre el impacto ecológico del arte contemporáneo
Authors: Gómez Galera Esmeralda
Published: January 2020

El artículo plantea una pregunta sobre el impacto medioambiental del arte contemporáneo como sector profesional. Para ello establece una relación entre dicho sector y un creciente nomadismo en el circuito artístico global. Posteriormente reflexiona sobre los flujos, desplazamientos aéreos que trazan líneas en el mapa del arte contemporáneo, y sobre la condensación de estos flujos, analizando el caso de las ferias de arte. Por último, se mencionan algunas estrategias que pueden ayudar a reducir la huella ecológica y se imagina la posibilidad de otras movilidades más sostenibles
El género en combate: Las estrategias del cuerpo en las primeras performances de Valie Export
Authors: Tejo Veloso Carlos
Published: January 2020

Este artículo propone rescatar, reivindicar y analizar los primeros trabajos de la artista Valie Export (Linz, 1940) llevados a cabo durante las décadas de 1960 y 1970. Además de su indiscutible calidad artística y trascendencia política, la importancia de estas primeras performances de EXPORT radica en la inteligencia y originalidad con que la creadora supo traducir al campo artístico los principios ideológicos de la lucha feminista del momento. Será precisamente en esta época, cuando brota con fuerza un arte producido por mujeres que denuncia con valentía los desmanes de una sociedad abiertamente machista. Dentro de este colectivo de artistas, la obra de EXPORT mantiene una personalidad destacada, revelándose como una de las poéticas más inteligentes e influyentes de su tiempo.
Leadership In Surgical Science: Literature Review
Authors: Sukasah Chaula Luthfia , Aulia Indri , Sani T. Fadli Nazwan
Published: January 2020

Background : A Surgeon should have good leadership. Leadership plays an important role in improving health services. Leadership can shape a better future. 
Method : A literature search was conducted in November 2019. Related keywords were applied to Pubmed, Medline, and SCOPUS for studies published in the last five years. Relevant research is taken to be used as the discussion material.
Result : The key to surgical leadership is collaboration and cooperation, humanism and mentorship, and operational efficiency.
Conclusion: Effective leadership in a surgical team has the following characteristics: (1) Defines the role of a leader clearly, especially in critical situations; (2) Leadership style that suits the clinical situation; (3) Clear directions to team members; (4) Consistently seeking input from team members; (5) Involving members in decision making.
La idea de desarrollo en el pensamiento económico
Authors: Riojas López Carlos
Published: January 2020

Con base en la experiencia docente enfocada a impartir cursos de pregrado y postgrado que abordan el tema de desarrollo, la contribución tiene como objetivo proponer una reflexión sobre la construcción del concepto para comprender sus postulados y argumentos básicos que explican la consolidación de diversas interpreta­ciones. No obstante que estas interpretaciones se enseñan como “teorías”, que aparentemente representan una serie de formalizaciones de carácter universal, no se pierde de vista que subyacen componentes que sugieren una occidentalización del concepto, elemento en común que nos ha motivado pensar en la idea de desarrollo más que en “teorías”.
Patrones de diminutivización en el español costarricense
Authors: Gaál Zoltán Kristóf
Published: January 2020

Este artículo pretende presentar los resultados de un segmento de una investigación piloto, realizada sobre un área algo extraña y por ello hasta ahora poco explorada de la morfofonología española. Es bien sabido que el uso de los sufijos apreciativos (sobre todo el de los diminutivos) goza de una vitalidad extraordinaria en el español de hoy. Dicha vitalidad queda reflejada en el carácter regular y productivo de la aplicación del proceso. También está demostrado que la elección entre los alomorfos de los sufijos diminutivos se puede predecir a base de generalizaciones fonológicas simples. Pero ¿qué ocurre cuando los hablantes nativos se ven obligados a despegarse de su rutina lingüística y tienen que añadir un sufijo diminutivo a palabras que raramente someterían a tal mecanismo (a saber, nombres de marca internacionales)? Nuestro artículo se centra en dar respuesta a esta pregunta desde la perspectiva del español costarricense, valiéndose de un corpus de 16 nombres de marca y trabajando con un enfoque analógico.
The Current Political Challenges to the Mexican Democratisation Process
Authors: Pedraza Lisdey Espinoza
Published: January 2020

This paper will attempt to answer what the current state of contemporary democracy in Mexico is after the return of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) to the presidency by analysing the role of Civil Society, Political Society and the Rule of Law from 2012 to 2018. This paper will also explore if the party’s return was indeed a step backwards in the process of Mexican democratisation, or whether it was simply another step on a long road in which the various political parties alternate power. In 2018, Mexico elected its new president for the next consecutive 6 years along with a fair number of congressional seats and local gubernatorial posts, an election that again put Mexican democracy through a difficult test.
Cap-Assisted Chromoendoscopy Using a Mounted Cap Versus Standard Colonoscopy for Adenoma Detection
Authors: Kim Su Young , Park Hong Jun , Kim Hyun-Soo , Park Dong Il , Cha Jae Myung , Park Seun-Ja , Choi Hwang , Shin Jeong Eun , Eun Chang Soo , Kim Jin Oh , Kim Hyun Gun , Kim Seong-Eun , Park Cheol Hee , Kim Tae Il , Hong Sung Noh
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVES:

Some neoplastic lesions remain undetected on colonoscopy. To date, no studies have investigated whether combining cap-assisted colonoscopy with chromoendoscopy increases the adenoma detection rate (ADR). This study aimed to compare cap-assisted chromoendoscopy (CAP/CHROMO) with standard colonoscopy (SC) with respect to their efficacy in detecting adenomas.

METHODS:

This prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial included asymptomatic subjects aged 45–75 years who underwent colonoscopy for the first time at 14 university hospitals. Subjects were randomized to either the CAP/CHROMO group (with 0.09% indigo carmine spraying using a cap-mounted catheter at the tip of the colonoscope) or the SC group. All polyps were resected, but only histologically confirmed neoplastic lesions were considered for analysis. The primary outcome was ADR, defined as the proportion of subjects with at least 1 adenoma.

RESULTS:

A total of 1,905 subjects were randomized to the CAP/CHROMO (n = 948) or SC (n = 957) group at 14 centers. Subjects' demographic characteristics were similar between both groups. The CAP/CHROMO group had significantly higher ADR than the SC group (54.4% vs 44.9%, P < 0.001). Significantly, more subjects with at least 1 proximal colon adenoma were identified by CAP/CHROMO (38.6%) than by SC (31.2%) (P = 0.001). The proximal serrated polyp detection rate by CAP/CHROMO was significantly higher in the female subgroup vs SC. However, advanced ADR was not different between the CAP/CHROMO and SC groups (9.3% vs 7.6%, P = 0.180).

DISCUSSION:

CAP/CHROMO markedly improved the ADR and enhanced the detection of proximal adenoma. CAP/CHROMO is feasible for routine application and will allow for a more effective surveillance program.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH INTO THE RESPONSE OF A MONUMENTAL HISTORIC STRUCTURE TO TRAFFIC-INDUCED EFFECTS OF TECHNICAL SEISMICITY
Authors: Witzany Jiří , Zigler Radek , Urushadze Shota
Published: January 2020

The growing volumes of particularly heavy truck traffic with high road pavement loading values and, in many cases, poor quality and uneven road pavement surfaces intensify the effects technical seismicity on buildings situated in the vicinity of traffic routes.
PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RECYCLED PET COMPOSITES
Authors: Quintero Yurani García , Figueroa Daniel Ruíz , Gil Harveth , Zuleta Alejandro Alberto
Published: January 2020

Virgin and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has been examined for the production of composites with additions of 5-20% by weight of sand particles. Density and compressive strength were estimated using virgin (V-PET) and recycled PET (R-PET). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to characterize the morphology and elemental composition of the composites. Also, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to find degradation temperature on both types of polymer. On the other hand, a streamlined life cycle assessment (SLCA) was made for the different composites to get environmental impacts. The results indicated that a maximum of 52.94 MPa and 52.03 MPa on compressive strength were obtained for virgin and recycled PET without sand, respectively. With the addition of sand, compressive strength decreases in both cases. The best performance was found at 5% sand addition, which causes a reduction of 9.07% and 16.68% for V-PET and R-PET composites, respectively. Environmental results show that resource extraction is the dominant life stage; meanwhile, gas residues are the dominant environmental impact in both types of composites. R-PET composites are the best environmentally friendly option because they used recycled material, which in return recovers part of the embodied energy used to make the primary production. The results show it could be explored the potential to be used the composites in pavement blocks or architectonic elements.
GEOMETRY CONSTRUCTION METHOD OF HEX-TRI RECIPROCAL FRAME
Authors: Qi Lin , Zhang Wenbo , Li Zifei , Sun Ronglai , Huang Xin
Published: January 2020

In this paper the geometrical characteristics and construction method of hex-tri reciprocal frame are studied. The naming rules of structural units, members and joints of hex-tri reciprocal frame are proposed. Based on the study of relationships between the structural geometrical parameters, the formulas for the joint coordinates of the structural unit are derived, and the calculating method for normalized direction vectors of the unit members is also developed. The geometry construction method of hex-tri reciprocal frame is established in this paper. By this method the whole structure is formed as an assembly of the units arranged in rings about the structural center. The influences of the diameter, the length and the binding length of the member on the rise of hex-tri reciprocal frame are analyzed by an example. If the rise of hex-tri reciprocal frame needs to be specified in the design, the values of the diameter, the length and the binding length of the structural member need to be coordinated to meet the design requirements.
STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF SAFETY EDUCATION ON THE WILLINGNESS OF CONSTRUCTION WORKERS TO HABITUAL SAFETY BEHAVIOUR
Authors: Shang Mei , Zhang Wei
Published: January 2020

In order to explore the impact of safety education on the willingness of construction workersto habitual safety behaviours, the relevant literatures are analysed, relevant research hypothesesare proposed, and the theoretical model of habitual safety behaviour willingness influencing factorsis established, and the verification and analysis are carried out by means of inter-groupexperiments. The results show that different types of safety education have different influences onthe willingness of construction workers to habitual safety behaviours under the mediating role oftime scale adjustment and perceptual behaviour control.
The Indian Caribbean
Authors: Roopnarine Lomarsh
Published: January 2020

This book tells a distinct story of Indians in the Caribbean—one concentrated not only on archival records and institutions, but also on the voices of the people and the ways in which they define themselves and the world around them. The book explores previously marginalized Indians in the Caribbean and their distinct social dynamics and histories, including the French Caribbean and other islands with smaller South Asian populations. It pursues a comparative approach with inclusive themes that cut across the Caribbean. In 1833, the abolition of slavery in the British Empire led to the import of exploited South Asian indentured workers in the Caribbean. Today India bears little relevance to most of these Caribbean Indians. Yet, Caribbean Indians have developed an in-between status, shaped by South Asian customs such as religion, music, folklore, migration, new identities, and Bollywood films. They do not seem akin to Indians in India, nor are they like Caribbean Creoles, or mixed-race Caribbeans. Instead, they have merged India and the Caribbean to produce a distinct, dynamic local entity. The book does not neglect the arrival of nonindentured Indians in the Caribbean since the early 1900s. These people came to the Caribbean without an indentured contract or after indentured emancipation but have formed significant communities in Barbados, the US Virgin Islands, and Jamaica. The book contributes a thorough analysis of the Indo-Caribbean, among the first to look at the entire Indian diaspora across the Caribbean.
Cover Girls
Authors: Fraunhar Alison
Published: January 2020

This chapter studies in the interweaving of popular and fine art forms during the Republican era, focusing on artwork of popular magazine covers and avant-garde painters of the period, with particular analysis of the work of several well-known (and several less so) painters and illustrators. In the chapter, the two formal approaches are connected by the deployment of the mulata in many of the artworks and illustrations.
These artworks, fine and popular, were crucial in shaping consensus through vernacular imagery and well known national symbols, particularly (but not exclusively) the mulata. Both graphic and fine artists were shaped by international travel and residence abroad, introducing them to international stylistic currents against and through which they generated images that resonated with national identity. Not only did artists travel, but tourism continued to rise, bring foreign tastes, further shaping culture on the island. In addition to international connections, artists were at the vanguard of important political activism against corrupt government.
Conclusion
Authors: Fraunhar Alison
Published: January 2020

Returning to Antonio Benitez Rojo’s notion of the sea as the force that continually shapes and reshapes the islands and their people, the conclusion turns to Cuban diasporic artists, particularly those relocated in the US, to look at ideas of nation, exile, and identity. Exile is no longer the one–way turnstile it was in the past, especially for artists; many artists come and go, to and from the island, and participate in marquee events like the Havana Biennial, the world international famous art exhibit.
Through the analysis of key artworks produced by diasporic artists and artists of Cuban descent in the diaspora, the conclusion considers the further deployment of stereotypes, prominently that of the mulata. These artists typically use familiar imagery to interrogate and contest the conventional interpretations they bear. The conclusion concludes by suggesting that as images of mulatas and the performance of mulataje have undergone continual shifts, they continue to do so, on the island and in the diaspora.
Conclusion and Continuation
Authors: Loza Steven
Published: January 2020

In this chapter, the author reflects on Wilson's impact on music and the world, and the way in which he accomplished this. Wilson passed away on September 8, 2014. The author describes Wilson as a mosaic. He came from a very African American context, a place, a heritage—something that molded him and that he proceeded to mold into life. Wilson never stood still, always seeking change and renewal, challenges and learning, innovative newness and tradition. Wilson's art can also be described as mestizo as well as cosmopolitan But there remains a dimension of his ideology that dominates the above labels and analytical concepts. And that is his primal identity as a black man.
Charley Patton: The Conscience of the Delta
Authors: Evans David
Published: January 2020

This chapter highlights certain aspects of Charley Patton's life and personality to provide a better understanding of the social context of his life and music. It is based largely on the internal evidence in Patton's songs that contain biographical details and allusions and on interviews with his relatives and associates, particularly his sister Viola Cannon, his niece Bessie Turner, his nephew Tom Cannon, two of his children, and Tom Rushing, a figure in one of his songs. Patton was the first recorded black folk artist to sing about local public events and about white people whom he knew. Indeed, his very existence was a bold challenge to the status quo in the Delta that was designed to keep him oppressed, to keep him from being a “great man.” Charley Patton knew his own greatness and was proud of it.
Elementary Blues and Tonal Scale in Charley Patton’s Recordings
Authors: Droixhe Daniel
Published: January 2020

This chapter looks at the musical structure, scales, and chords used by Charley Patton, considering the bluesman's “elementary blues.” In this category belong pieces whose harmonic material is more reduced than in the most widespread classical blues formula, namely the three-chord pattern (3C) with two textual verses (2V). One must keep in mind that the 3C2V pattern produces various canonical forms. The chapter then connects that pattern with the tonal scale using selections from Patton's Yazoo double album.
The Influence of the Mississippi Delta Style on Chicago’s Postwar Blues
Authors: Rowe Mike
Published: January 2020

This chapter addresses the influence of the Mississippi Delta style on Chicago's postwar blues. By the time the great Delta blues artists appeared on record the Depression was on, and no matter how magnificent the music is today, the artists really had very little impact. However, after the Depression, when recording picked up again a recognizable style had developed in Chicago. The early country bluesmen had died or disappeared, and by the late 1930s there was an urban blues style that was smoother and more regular, which it had to be because the instrumentation had changed as piano players were added to the solo guitarists. The chapter then looks at the influence of Delta blues on Robert Lockwood Jr., Muddy Waters, Robert Nighthawk, Baby Face Leroy, Johnny Shines, Floyd Jones, Big Joe Williams, Sonny Boy Williamson, Little Walter, Eddie Taylor, Otis Rush, and Jimmy Reed.
“I Was Born in Arkansas and Raised Up in Chicago”
Authors: Allison Luther
Published: January 2020

This chapter provides a powerful narrative, which grounds the origins of both Charley Patton's and his own blues in “the idea of taking a broom wire and a brick and bottle” to create a one-strand instrument that virtually every Delta blues artist—including B.B. King—played as a child. That experience was the first musical step for blues artists. The chapter then details Luther Allison's first musical inspiration during his childhood in Arkansas as well as his life growing up in Chicago. Allison recalled that when he lived “in the country, you hear the crickets at night and the mosquitoes singing, and my dad and my mother would come home and sit out till dark just singing hymns.”
Introduction
Authors: DiPaolo Marc
Published: January 2020

Examines case studies of fictional heroes as analogues of real-life working-class figures to encourage greater empathy between members of different classes. Doing so will help scholar, undergraduate, and fan readers understand the very contemporary context of America through the lens of fictional characters who are understandably resonant with a broad swath of the public during this politically divided time. The essays in this anthology contemplate the social anxieties that attend class conflict in the United States and Great Britain, and consider how fictional comic book narratives depict these cultural anxieties.
From the Streets to the Swamp
Authors: Davis Blair
Published: January 2020

Two of Marvel Comics’ B-list heroes of the 1970s, Luke Cage and Man-Thing, are seemingly antithetical on the surface: one is a former gang-member and prisoner who acquires super-strength and an impenetrable body, while the other was once a promising scientist who is transformed into a distorted swamp creature; one patrols the urban streets of New York City while the other haunts the Florida Everglades. Yet a comparison of the two reveals some striking similarities in how their creators handled class issues in the books’ narratives, with varying degrees of subtle and overt commentary on issues of class in 1970s America. Examining how these two characters and their 1970s comics series address issues of class, power and socio-economic status connect across their disparate adventures, this essay reveals how Marvel Comics regularly embedded a concern for working class politics within two of their less well-known books from this period.