bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of simulated ozone effects in forest ecosystems against biomass damage estimates from fumigation experiments
Authors: Franz Martina , Alonso Rocio , Arneth Almut , Büker Patrick , Elvira Susana , Gerosa Giacomo , Emberson Lisa , Feng Zhaozhong , Le Thiec Didier , Marzuoli Riccardo , Oksanen Elina , Uddling Johan , Wilkinson Matthew , Zaehle Sönke
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Regional estimates of the effects of ozone pollution on forest growth depend
on the availability of reliable injury functions that estimate a
representative ecosystem response to ozone exposure. A number of such injury
functions for forest tree species and forest functional types have recently
been published and subsequently applied in terrestrial biosphere models to
estimate regional or global effects of ozone on forest tree productivity and
carbon storage in the living plant biomass. The resulting impacts estimated
by these biosphere models show large uncertainty in the magnitude of ozone
effects predicted. To understand the role that these injury functions play in
determining the variability in estimated ozone impacts, we use the O-CN
biosphere model to provide a standardised modelling framework. We test four
published injury functions describing the leaf-level, photosynthetic response
to ozone exposure (targeting the maximum carboxylation capacity of Rubisco
(Vcmax) or net photosynthesis) in terms of their simulated
whole-tree biomass responses against data from 23 ozone filtration/fumigation
experiments conducted with young trees from European tree species at sites
across Europe with a range of climatic conditions. Our results show that none
of these previously published injury functions lead to simulated whole-tree
biomass reductions in agreement with the observed dose–response relationships
derived from these field experiments and instead lead to significant over-
or underestimations of the ozone effect. By re-parameterising these
photosynthetically based injury functions, we develop linear, plant-functional-type-specific dose–response relationships, which provide accurate simulations
of the observed whole-tree biomass response across these 23 experiments.
Comparison between different fiber coatings and adhesives on steel surfaces for distributed optical strain measurements based on Rayleigh backscattering
Authors: Weisbrich Martin , Holschemacher Klaus
Published: November 2018

Abstract. Optical fiber measurement systems have recently gained popularity following a
multitude of intensive investigations. A new technique has been developed for
these measurement systems that uses Rayleigh backscatter to determine the
distributed strain measurement over the total length of a fiber. These
measurement systems have great potential in civil engineering and structural
health monitoring. This paper addresses some preliminary comparisons between three different
fiber coatings and six different adhesives on steel structures. The results
are based on a bending test with specimens made of precision flat steel;
optical fiber strain measurements were compared with photogrammetric strain
measurements. Analysis of the test data showed a strong correlation between the optical
measurement system's results and the theoretical results up to the yielding
point of the steel. Furthermore, the results indicate that fibers with the
Ormocer® and polyimide coatings have almost
the same strain values as the reference measurement method. The main results of this investigation are a guideline describing how to
attach optical fibers to steel surfaces for distributed fiber optical strain
measurements and recommendations for coatings to obtain realistic strain
values. Additionally, the advantages of distributed strain measurements were
revealed, which illustrates the potential of Rayleigh backscattering
applications.
Necro- y Geopolítica: "El Reportero", de Michelangelo Antonioni
Authors: Shapiro Michael J.
Published: November 2018

Los soportes de este artículo son análisis de dos tipos de textos visuales situados en África. Comienza centrándose en la película de Michelangelo Antonioni El Reportero (1975), un film sobre un drama personal y cartográfico simultáneamente, que implica la micropolítica de la vida violenta de un periodista y un espacio con un legado de violencia colonial, el país africano de Chad. Termina centrándose en la fotografía de Santu Mofokeng, que expresa la comunidad de sentido entre los ciudadanos negros en la Sudáfrica del post-apartheid.
Integrative and Instrumental Motivations for Learning English as a University Requirement among Undergraduate Students at Al-Jazeera University/Dubai
Authors: Al-Ta’ani Mohammed Hamid
Published: November 2018

This paper attempted to investigate the Emirati EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners’ integrative and instrumental learning motivation at Al-Jazeera University, Dubai, UAE. The data were collected through a modified (20-item) motivational questionnaire adapted from Gardner’s (1985). (50) students; from which (36) students were males (72%) and the remaining (14) ones were females (28%) participated in answering a questionnaire which reflected their motivation towards learning English as a mandatory university requirement. The findings revealed that the students had high level of motivation-both integrative and instrumental for learning English, but their instrumental motivation was slightly surpassed their integrative one in this study. The data analysis concerning the open-ended question showed that writing skill was the most problematic area for the students. Based on the findings, some suggestions, guidelines and recommendations for future research, English teachers, teaching process and policy makers were highlighted.
Soil Microbial Community Response to Compost Addition to Nicosulfuron Contaminated Soil
Authors: Adejoro Solomon A. , Adegaye Ajoke C. , Sonoiki Doyinsola S.
Published: November 2018

The toxicity of nicosulfuron to none target organisms is its downside, which has generated concerns about the herbicide in spite of its high herbicidal activity. Practices that would facilitate accelerated degradation of this herbicide will certainly be complementary to its use. A completely randomized design laboratory incubation experiment was carried out to examine the potentials of organic and mineral fertilizers to stimulate microbial activities in soil under the influence of the nicosulfuron herbicide. Soil contaminated with the field rate of nicosulfuron was separately amended with compost and NPK mineral fertilizer, and the treated samples were incubated for 56 days at room temperature. Soil microbial activity and microbial biomass C were measured in dynamics for the period of incubation. Eco-physiological quotients were also computed at the end of incubation to determine responses of soil microbes at the community level to the treatments. Application of nicosulfuron alone was found to repress both microbial biomass and microbial activity. Addition of fertilizer however caused these parameters to increase especially during the first 28 days after treatment application. The microbial metabolic quotient was raised by the soil amendments shortly after application with the exemption of NPK treated soil. However, only the soil samples in which compost was present lowered qCO2 at the termination of the experiment. NIC-COMP and NIC-NPK respectively raised and lowered the soil carbon mineralization quotient (qM) measured at the end of incubation. The soil microbial community was also found to be positively affected by the addition of fertilizers as indicated by the Cmic: Corg ratio and the microbial biomass change rate quotient (qC). It was therefore concluded that though the nicosulfuron herbicide at the field recommended rate has potentials to negatively affect the soil microbial community, application of organic fertilizer may help the soil to regain its microbial competence through enhanced degradation engendered by biostimulation of native microorganisms.
Three Different Databases, Three Different Complication Rates for Knee and Hip Arthroplasty: Comparing the National Inpatient Sample, National Hospital Discharge Survey, and National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, 2006 to 2010
Authors: Pierce Ayal Z. , Menendez Mariano E. , Tybor David J. , Salzler Matthew J.
Published: November 2018

Background:

National databases are increasingly used to research complication rates, risk factors, and the role of comorbidities. Three commonly used databases are the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Program's National Inpatient Sample (NIS), the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS), and the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP). Despite many publications, the accuracy of results from these databases remains unclear.

Methods:

We compared demographics and complication rates of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) across three national databases from 2006 to 2010. Using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification and Current Procedural Terminology codes to identify cases, we calculated postoperative inpatient complication rates in all three databases and 30-day complication rates in the NSQIP.

Results:

We identified a total of 607,322 TKAs and 279,428 THAs. Overall complication rates varied greatly between the databases. For TKA, the overall complication rates were the highest in the NIS (17.3% [16.6 to 18.0]), followed by the NHDS (14.9% [14.0 to 15.8]), and then the NSQIP 30 days (10.20% [9.73 to 10.70]) and the NSQIP until discharge (7.34% [6.95 to 7.75]). Similarly, for THA, the NIS was the highest (24.09% [23.05 to 25.16]), and then the NHDS (21.5% [19.8 to 23.2]), followed by the NSQIP 30 days (12.00% [11.31 to 12.72]), and the NSQIP until discharge (9.25% [8.64 to 9.90]). Breakdown and comparison of individual adverse events further revealed different complication rates.

Conclusion:

The estimated complication rates from THA and TKA depend on which data source is used because of differences in data collection and sampling methodology. Similar differences may exist in other publications that use such secondary data sources.
Musculoskeletal-based Patient-reported Outcome Performance Measures, Where Have We Been—Where Are We Going
Authors: Lowry Kent Jason , Brox William Timothy , Naas Peggy L. , Tubb Creighton Collins , Muschler George F. , Dunn Warren
Published: November 2018

While health care evolves from volume to value, there is increasing interest by payors to use patient-reported outcomes (PROs) to determine value and more specifically, quality from the patient's perspective. This article reviews the current state of PROs and discusses future directions. Specifically, this article will review the current history and background of PROs; it will highlight the perspective of the National Quality Forum and review the efforts of the musculoskeletal community related to PROs. Goals, positive aspects, limitations, and barriers related to PROs will be discussed. Additionally, development considerations and strategies will be highlighted. Finally, development recommendations from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery position statement “principles for musculoskeletal based PRO performance measurement development” will be introduced.
Segmental ureterectomy can be performed safely in patients with urothelial carcinoma of distal ureter
Authors: Jia Zhuo , Gong Yanqing , Zhang Cuijian , Bao Zhengqing , Li Xuesong , Hao Han , Xiong Gengyan , Zhang Lei , Fang Dong , He Zhisong , Zhou Liqun
Published: November 2018

Introduction: We aimed to compare oncological outcomes by surgery type (segmental ureterectomy [SU] vs. radical nephroureterectomy [RNU]) in a large cohort of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) of the distal ureter.Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 219 patients with UTUC of the distal ureter among 931 patients with UTUC who underwent SU and RNU. Clinicopathological outcomes were evaluated. Cancer-specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (RFS), intravesical recurrence-free survival (IVRFS), contralateral recurrence-free survival, and distal metastasis-free survival were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression, estimating hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: A total of 179 (81.7%) patients underwent RNU and 40 (18.3%) underwent SU: 85 males (47.5%) with RNU and 17 (42.5%) with SU (p=0.568). The median age with RNU and SU was 71 years (range 31–86) and 70 years (range 46–90), respectively (p=0.499). The T stage of the two groups did not differ (p=0.122), nor did mean tumour length (3.35±2.62 vs. 3.25±2.14; p=0.953), grade (p=0.075), tumour necrosis (p=0.634), or followup time (months) (58.1±8.1 vs. 63.7±3.4; p=0.462). The two groups did not differ in CSS (p=0.358) or OS (p=0.206), and surgery type did not predict CSS (HR 0.862; 95% CI 0.469–1.585; p=0.633) or OS (HR 0.764; 95% CI 0.419–1.392; p=0.379). Local RFS was higher with RNU than SU (96.2% vs. 86.0%; p=0.02), but the groups did not differ in IVRFS (p=0.661), contralateral RFS (p=0.183), or distant metastasis-free survival (p=0.078). On multivariate analysis, SU was associated with local RFS (HR 5.069; 95% CI 1.029–24.968; p=0.046) and distant metastasis-free survival (HR 6.497; 95% CI 1.196–35.283; p=0.03). Local RFS was lower with SU than RNU for patients with pT3–4 stage (p=0.006).Conclusions: Long-term oncological outcomes were equivalent with SU and RNU in patients with UTUC of the distal ureter. SU affected local recurrence survival, especially with advanced tumour stage, and distant metastasis survival.
Investigation of High School Students’ Geometry Course Achievement According to Their Learning Styles
Authors: Altun Hasan
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study is to investigate high school students’ geometry course achievement according to their learning styles. 11th grade students in İzmir constitute the general universe of the research and the sampling of the research comprises of 11th grade students in Karabağlar district. Sampling of the research consists of total 50 high school students, determined by using appropriate sampling method. 60% (n=30) of these students are female and 40% (n=20) of them are males.

Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used depending on the main and sub-questions of the research. Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory was used in order to determine the learning styles of the students.

As a result of the research, it was found out that most of the students who have diverging learning style were female students (77.8%), most of the students who have accommodating learning style were female students (75%), the number of male students (47.4%) and the number of female students (52.6%) who have assimilating learning styles are close and it was found out that, among the students who have converging learning style, female students (55.6%) were more than males. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the geometry achievement scores according to learning styles and that the students' geometric achievement means were statistically significant according to gender. It was proposed that taking learning styles into account in the regulation of education environments can help to increase achievement.
Impact of Financial and Non-Financial Voluntary Disclosure on Stock Liquidity for Jordanian Industrial Shareholding Companies Listed on Amman Stock Exchange
Authors: Halim AlTheibeh Ziad Abdul , Abdulraheem Alhyari Oday , Hamza Mohyedin
Published: November 2018

This study aims to identify the impact of financial and non-financial voluntary disclosure on stock liquidity for Jordanian industrial shareholding companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange. For achieving this objective, the study adopted analytical methodology, as it is proper for the nature of this study. The study population consists of 60 Jordanian industrial shareholding companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange, whereas the study sample consists of 30 companies. The researchers used the appropriate statistical methods through SPSS program.

The most important results of this study that the level of voluntary disclosure on stock liquidity for Jordanian industrial shareholding companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange is medium. In addition, the results show that voluntary disclosure (financial and non-financial) does not affect on stock liquidity for Jordanian industrial shareholding companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange.

The study concluded with a set of recommendations, most important: to guide investors to the information contained in financial reports to help them make their wise investment decisions by focusing their attention on all items listed on financial reports and not focusing on certain indicators only. The information contained in financial reports would reflect a clear picture of about the status of the organization and work to raise the level of disclosure of the information contained in the financial reports through the combined efforts of the joint stock companies, auditors and Securities Commission.
Occupational Stress and Demographic Characteristics among Information Technology Professionals
Authors: Anantharaman R. N. , K S Rajeswari , A Ajitha , K Jayanty
Published: November 2018

Occupational stress among information system professionals is gaining more recognition because it may lead to high turnover and less productivity. The present research focuses on software development professionals to examine their occupational stress and demographic characteristics in India. A questionnaire was developed to identify the occupational stress among software development professionals (SDP) using dimensions such as age, average daily working hours, gender, training and nature of work. Data from 156 respondents working in information technology companies in Chennai and Bangalore was collected. It was found that those who were more than 30 years of age have stress due to work family interface. Employees working less than 10 hours daily experience more stress due to fear of obsolescence, individual team interaction, work culture, lack of family support and technical risk propensity. In terms of gender, men and women professionals do not differ in their occupational stress. However, employees who had computer training especially in software programming in addition to their engineering degree face more stress due to fear of obsolescence and technical risk propensity. Software development professionals whose nature of work is purely technical experience more stress because of fear of obsolescence than others. The results are discussed and based on these the relevant implications are suggested.
Factors Influencing the Attitude of University Students’ toward Online Shopping: Evidence from Some Selected Universities of Chittagong
Authors: Tariqul Alam Mir Md.
Published: November 2018

Online shopping is gradually becoming more popular across the globe. The current surge in the use of Facebook and other social networking sites has made it draw more attention from the young generation specifically from the students of tertiary level. This study therefore endeavors to identify the factors influencing the attitude of University students’ toward online buying of a number of Universities located in Chittagong, Bangladesh. We attempt to find out whether gender, grade, subject major, perceived safety, website construction, and price and quality of products are potential factors of online buying decision. Data are collected through a structured questionnaire. Pearson correlation and regression technique are used for analyzing the data. The empirical results show that major, perceived safety, website construction, price and quality of products have significant impact on the University students’ attitude towards online purchasing behavior.
De stand van de stelselherziening: een rijke oogst aan vastgestelde en ontwerpregelgeving
Authors: de Vos H.W. (Wilco)
Published: November 2018

De stand van de stelselherziening: een rijke oogst aan vastgestelde en ontwerpregelgeving

In deze terugkerende bijdrage wordt de stand van de stelselherziening omgevingsrecht toegelicht. Deze bijdrage ziet op de ontwikkelingen in het derde kwartaal van 2018.
Schaarse rechten bij gebiedsontwikkeling: de rol van beleid en grondeigendom
Authors: Vermeulen J.R. (Jurgen) , van der Sluis C.N. (Cornelis)
Published: November 2018

Schaarse rechten bij gebiedsontwikkeling: de rol van beleid en grondeigendom

In het kader van gebiedsontwikkeling wordt door overheden regelmatig op beleidsmatige gronden schaarste gecreëerd. Auteurs bespreken in het licht van de conclusie van staatsraad advocaat-generaal Widdershoven de beperkingen die in een dergelijk geval van toepassing zijn op planvorming, gronduitgifte en afspraken met gebiedsontwikkelaars.
Evenementenvergunning: is bij concurrerende aanvragen sprake van een schaarse vergunning?
Authors: Drahmann A. (Annemarie)
Published: November 2018

Evenementenvergunning: is bij concurrerende aanvragen sprake van een schaarse vergunning?

In deze bijdrage staat de vraag centraal of, en zo ja wanneer, een evenementenvergunning kan worden aangemerkt als een schaarse vergunning, en – bij een bevestigend antwoord op die vraag – hoe die schaarse evenementenvergunning dan moet worden verleend met inachtneming van het gelijkheidsbeginsel.
Strafrecht
Authors: Kargl Walter
Published: November 2018

Das Strafrecht wird ganz maßgebend vom Grundsatz nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege (kein Verbrechen, keine Strafe ohne Gesetz) geprägt. Das Gesetzlichkeitsprinzip findet inzwischen weltweit Anerkennung.
Professor Walter Kargl, Emeritus der Universität Frankfurt am Main, unternimmt in diesem Werk den „Versuch, das Strafrecht auf ein Fundament zu stellen, dass trotz der als erwiesen unterstellten Bedingungen durchgehender Kausalität und trotz der beschränkten menschlichen Erkenntnismöglichkeiten die staatliche Strafe zu legitimieren vermag“. Er leuchtet in einer Gesamtschau das Gesetzlichkeitsprinzip als zentralem Pfeiler der Strafrechtsdogmatik aus. Nach einer Bestandsaufnahme dieses zentralen strafrechtlichen Grundsatzes wird den verschiedenen Begründungsansätzen des Gesetzlichkeitsprinzips (verfassungsrechtlich, strafrechtlich und rechtsphilosophisch) nachgegangen. Die einzelnen Ausformungen des Gesetzlichkeitsprinzips werden aufgefächert und behandelt. Kapitel zur Reichweite und zu den Sicherungen der Strafgesetzlichkeit bilden den Schlusspunkt.
Efeitos alelopáticos de extratos de Tradescantia zebrina na germinação de Lactuca sativa
Authors: Moura Danielle Roballo de , Araujo Emmanoella Costa Guaraná , Silva Thiago Cardoso , Leão Shyrlaine Lilian Moura , Lima Tarcísio Viana de
Published: November 2018

Por meio da liberação de substâncias alelopáticas, produzidas no metabolismo secundário, um indivíduo pode influenciar o desenvolvimento de outros organismos em seu entorno. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de extratos aquosos de partes de Tradescantia zebrina Heynh. ex Bosse. (zebrina) sobre a germinação de sementes de Lactuca sativa L. (alface). O experimento foi conduzido sob condições naturais do ambiente (25°C e 72% UR), utilizando extratos de folha e raiz de zebrina nas concentrações de 100%, 75%, 50% e 25%, com água destilada como tratamento controle. Foram utilizadas 50 sementes de alface, distribuídas uniformemente em papel germitest®, devidamente esterilizado e umedecido com a solução, em caixas gerbox®, com cinco repetições. As observações ocorreram por sete dias, avaliando-se porcentagem de germinação (%G), índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), tempo médio de germinação (t) e velocidade média de germinação (v). Os dados foram submetidos às análises estatísticas observando-se, posteriormente, que as aplicações de extratos de folhas e das raízes de zebrina reduziram o percentual de germinação e a velocidade de germinação das sementes de alface, indicando o efeito alelopático.
O uso do software Imagej na estimativa de substrato exposto pós controle de gramíneas invasoras
Authors: Silveira Leonardo Palhares da , Menezes Eduarda Soares , Mucida Danielle Piuzana , Pereira Israel Marinho , Dos Santos José Barbosa , De Oliveira Marcio Leles Romarco
Published: November 2018

Espécies de gramíneas (Poaceae) têm sido recomendadas em processos iniciais de recuperação. Entretanto, necessitam de um controle posterior, para evitar competição com espécies de interesse, especialmente arbóreas. Neste contexto, objetivou-se, por meio do software ImageJ, quantificar o substrato exposto em uma área degradada em Diamantina, MG, sobre a qual foram aplicados distintos métodos de capina para o controle das gramíneas exóticas Urochloa decumbes (Stapf) RD, Wabster e Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.. Foi realizado o controle das gramíneas por meio da aplicação de diferentes métodos (químico, manual e mecânico), distribuídos em 4 blocos, subdivididos em parcelas e subparcelas. Após 100 dias, por meio de imagens processadas pelo ImajeJ, observou-se que método químico proporcionou a menor exposição do substrato e maior presença de biomassa superficial, diferentemente do método manual, onde houve menor cobertura vegetal. Foi possível quantificar o substrato exposto em ambiente com controle de gramíneas permitindo, de modo eficaz, o planejamento das técnicas de recuperação. O uso do ImageJ se mostrou eficiente, representando uma alternativa para a quantificação de substrato, e diversos estudos inerentes à análise de cobertura vegetal de ambientes degradados.
Caracteres morfológicos e rendimento de grãos de híbridos simples de milho em diferentes ambienteso em diferentes ambientes
Authors: Olivoto Tiago , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Nardino Maicon , Ferrari Mauricio , Pelegrin Alan Junior de , Szareski Vinícius Jardel , Demari Gustavo Henrique , Souza Velci Queiróz de
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento dos caracteres morfológicos e o rendimento de grãos de híbridos simples de milho cultivados em diferentes ambientes. Foram conduzidos três ensaios no Rio Grande do Sul, utilizando o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial, sendo sete (híbridos simples) x três (ambientes de cultivo), dispostos em três repetições. Na análise de variância conjunta observou-se interação genótipos x ambientes para os caracteres diâmetro da espiga, número de grãos por fileira, diâmetro do sabugo, massa de grãos por espiga e rendimento de grãos. O número de fileiras por espiga e a massa de mil grãos não sofreram influência dos ambientes de cultivo sendo características intrínsecas de cada genótipo. O comprimento da espiga foi similar entre os híbridos, sendo influenciado apenas pelo ambiente de cultivo. A altura de planta e prolificidade foram maiores em Vista Gaúcha, RS, já em Tenente Portela foi observado maior altura de inserção de espiga, número de grãos por fileira, massa de espiga, massa de grãos por espiga e rendimento de grãos. Os híbridos DKB 290 PRO 3® e DKB 315 PRO 3® apresentaram as maiores produtividades na média dos ambientes estudados.
Seleção multivariada entre e dentro de populações mutantes de feijão
Authors:   Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Schmit Rodolfo , Melo Rita Carolina de , Trevisani Nicole , Coimbra Jefferson Luís Meirelles , Guidolin Altamir Frederico
Published: November 2018

A indução de mutação é estratégia amplamente utilizada nos programas de melhoramento de plantas, e proporciona a criação de variabilidade genética para muitos caracteres de importância agronômica. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi selecionar entre e dentro de populações mutantes de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) promissoras agronomicamente, nos anos agrícolas 2009/10 e 2010/11, em Lages, SC. Foram avaliadas 40 populações mutantes derivadas de radiação gama de 60Co, nas doses de 100 e 200 Grays. Os genótipos submetidos à mutação induzida foram Pérola, Iapar_81, IPR Uirapuru e IPR Chopim. O delineamento utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições. Foi efetuada análise de variância multivariada e análise discriminante canônica para a exploração das hipóteses. Contrastes multivariados entre as populações mutantes e suas populações originais foram efetuados para testar as hipóteses. A análise de variância multivariada revelou efeito significativo das populações mutantes aninhado aos anos agrícolas. Foi detectada, também, variabilidade dentro das populações mutantes. Estes resultados evidenciam a eficiência do agente mutagênico na criação de variabilidade genética. As populações mutantes selecionadas foram PMP_100 e PMC_200 por apresentarem desempenho promissor em relação aos caracteres diâmetro do caule, massa de mil grãos e rendimentos de grãos. Dentro das populações mutantes selecionadas foi detectada variabilidade genética que pode contribuir para seleção efetiva. As populações PMP_100 e PMC_200 devem ser conduzidas e ainda selecionadas, planta a planta, para obtenção de genótipos promissores.
Promotion of physical activity among children
Authors: Pawlowski Charlotte Skau , Schipperijn Jasper , Duncan Scott , Troelsen Jens
Published: November 2018

New Zealand children are much more physically active during the school day than Danish children. As school recess is a large contributor to children’s overall level of physical activity, the aim of this study was to identify possible physical activity-promoting recess practices at New Zealand schools transferrable to Danish schools. The study was conducted as an ethnographic field study using participant observations and informal field talks with children and school workers at five New Zealand schools. On the basis of our findings we suggest Danish schools should further support physical activity initiatives by implementing physical activity-promoting recess initiatives.
At spille med de voksne
Authors: Thomsen Kristian Raun
Published: November 2018

Recent studies have addressed characteristics important for a talented player’s pathway to senior professional football. However, there is limited focus on the ongoing process where players are trying to gain a foothold in senior elite football, and how the perceived characteristics are used and understood to succeed and remain in a senior elite setting. The purpose of this study was to explore which characteristics are perceived relevant by professionals to influence a talented player’s pathway to senior elite football in Denmark.
Fra Marken til Arenaen
Authors: Hjermitslev Hans Henrik
Published: November 2018

Formålet med denne artikel er at benytte Tvis KFUM som case til at beskrive dele af den generelle udvikling inden for klubhåndbolden i Danmark. Historien om Tvis KFUM er nemlig på mange måder typisk for de ændringer, der har fundet sted i mange succesrige landsby- og KFUM-klubber gennem de sidste 40 år. Klubben er således gået fra at være en lokalt og ideologisk forankret kristen forening til at blive et professionelt aktieselskab med regionalt fokus. Den har samtidig været igennem følelsesladede fusionsprocesser og økonomiske vanskeligheder i denne transformation fra forening til forretning.
At the Mountains of Monstrosity: Towards Ecomonstrous Entanglements through Images of a Fjord
Authors: Petersen Daniel Otto Jack
Published: November 2018

Twenty-first century developments in ecophilosophy argue for a growing awareness that nonhumans (‘organic’ or otherwise) possess both vibrant agency and dark interiority and, therefore, humans – even environmentally conscious ones – must relinquish their presumed centrality and apartness from other things (anthropocentrism). Standard motivations for environmental responsibility, such as appeals to the crisis of human-caused global warming, are here postponed in order to seek means of allowing nonhuman agency and interiority to ‘speak’ or make itself felt. The article claims mountains themselves initiated this human-nonhuman entanglement and tries to follow their lead into reconfigured (non-anthropocentric) visions of coexistence. Its many-appendaged ecopoetics is comprised of photographs and recollections of mountains stitched together with the conceptual tools of monster theory, object-oriented ontology, and vital materialism. Viewed through this theoretical nexus, a hole in a photograph of the Lysefjord provokes the suggestion that holes in ontology are perforations through which human being seeps into nonhuman being and is therein transfigured, emerging porous and suffused, as much ‘the environment’ as anything else. The article’s necessary provisionality means further engagement – especially from other ‘witnesses’ of mountains – is required to test its effectiveness as an aesthetic-contemplative preface to deeper, wiser ecological ethics.
Tentative Language Is Kind of Complicated, Isn’t It?
Authors: Klinke Julie
Published: November 2018

Some sociolinguists, notably Robin Lakoff, have argued that tentative language is typical of female speakers. However, other studies indicate that gender may not be the only independent variable affecting the use of tentative language. This overview examines the claim that women’s speech is inherently less assertive by critically evaluating the methods and findings of four studies of gender-related use of tentative language. The alternative independent variables that are considered are the gender of the addressee, group composition, gender salience, and topic. The dependent variables vary from study to study, but all fall under the label “tentative language,” such as hedging and tag questions. It is concluded that while there is some evidence the speaker’s gender affects the use of tentative language, the aforementioned variables are likely to have an effect as well. Therefore, this overview supports the theory that considering tentative language typical of women’s speech is a simplified interpretation.
Formativ evaluering med IT-systemet Peergrade
Authors: Bertel Troels Fibæk , Bentzen Tina Øllgaard
Published: November 2018

Der er i de senere år kommet et øget fokus på værdien af formativ evaluering på universiteterne, men dette til trods evalueres de studerendes præstationer fortsat overvejende summativt gennem eksaminer. Nye online læringssystemer, som bl.a. slår sig op på at kunne styrke feedback til de studerende og spare ressourcer for underviseren, synes lovende i forhold til at understøtte formativ evaluering. Denne artikel undersøger potentialer og begrænsninger ved at anvende et system af denne type, Peergrade, til formativ evaluering i universitetsundervisning. Metodisk er artiklen inspireret af aktionsforskning og baseret på et komparativt casestudie, hvor Peergrade afprøves og evalueres på to humanistiske og samfundsfaglige universitetskurser. På baggrund af afprøvningen konkluderer artiklen, at der er et potentiale knyttet til brugen af Peergrade, der dels kan afhjælpe nogle af de logistiske udfordringer, der kan være forbundet med feedbackprocesser, og dels kan understøtte læring gennem brugen af formativ evaluering under anvendelse af peer-feedback og rubrics. Samtidig peger studiet på, at brugen af systemet kræver en større investering af ressourcer i planlægning, facilitering og koordinering for, at de studerende får udbytte af forløbet.
Algebraic results for certain values of the Jacobi theta-constant $\theta_3(\tau)$
Authors: Elsner Carsten , Tachiya Yohei
Published: November 2018

In its most elaborate form, the Jacobi theta function is defined for two complex variables $z$ and τ by $\theta (z|\tau ) =\sum _{\nu =-\infty }^{\infty } e^{\pi i\nu ^2\tau + 2\pi i\nu z}$, which converges for all complex number $z$, and τ in the upper half-plane. The special case \[ \theta _3(\tau ):=\theta (0|\tau )= 1+2\sum _{\nu =1}^{\infty } e^{\pi i\nu ^2 \tau } \] is called a Jacobi theta-constant or Thetanullwert of the Jacobi theta function $\theta (z|\tau )$. In this paper, we prove the algebraic independence results for the values of the Jacobi theta-constant $\theta _3(\tau )$. For example, the three values $\theta _3(\tau )$, $\theta _3(n\tau )$, and $D\theta _3(\tau )$ are algebraically independent over $\mathbb{Q} $ for any τ such that $q=e^{\pi i\tau }$ is an algebraic number, where $n\geq 2$ is an integer and $D:=(\pi i)^{-1}{d}/{d\tau }$ is a differential operator. This generalizes a result of the first author, who proved the algebraic independence of the two values $\theta _3(\tau )$ and $\theta _3(2^m\tau )$ for $m\geq 1$. As an application of our main theorem, the algebraic dependence over $\mathbb{Q} $ of the three values $\theta _3(\ell \tau )$, $\theta _3(m\tau )$, and $\theta _3(n\tau )$ for integers $\ell ,m,n\geq 1$ is also presented.
HOW TO FRAME EDIBLE ART
Authors: Andrzejewski Adam
Published: November 2018

The question of whether food is art depends primarily on the definition of art that we agree to accept. The article proposes a model that helps us to focus our mind on what could be, and how we should understand the art of food, if we accept, having applied a fairly liberal theory of art, that food can actually be art. It is argued that there are no methodological or factual constraints indicating that food could not, under some circumstances, be high art. This hypothetical form of art is called ‘edible art’.
THE HOBBESIAN TURN
Authors: Margolis Joseph
Published: November 2018

The “Hobbesian turn” is an invention out of whole cloth, a device by which to oppose the usually supposed autonomy of the aesthetic, the moral, the political, and the factual; to recover the collective holism of civilizational (or enlanguaged cultural) life; to feature the existential historicity of the human career, which is incompatible with any strict universalism and all the forms of transcendentalism; hence, also, to feature the adequacy of a contingent Lebensform in collecting the affinities of creative expression and agentive commitment within the terms of human solidarity; to abandon strict universality and necessary synthetic truths; and to favour the fluxive world of pragmatist construction rather than the indemonstrable fixities of rationalism and transcendentalism. The article proceeds largely by examining aspects of Picasso’s career and the history of Western politics spanning the sixteenth century to the present.
UNCONTROL ON RUBEN ÖSTLUND’S FORCE MAJEURE
Authors: Johansson Anders E.
Published: November 2018

Ruben Östlund’s film Force Majeure (2014) was mostly received as a depiction of the crisis of masculinity. And it is, but that particular theme is also placed within a larger context concerning questions of value, understanding, order, and control, questions asked not only on a thematic level but also through cutting, framing, and the use of camera views. Not accepting any simple dichotomy between form and meaning, Force Majeure places itself firmly in an avant- garde and modernist tradition.

Thereby the film is also related to this tradition’s ambition of investigating Western thought, knowledge and art anew, problematising given forms of rational thinking in order for something new to emerge. In the wake of World War II it was, for thinkers like Adorno, Foucault, Stockhausen, and Boulez, seen as unavoidable and urgent to deconstruct the conventions and norms that had made Auschwitz possible. It is still urgent. This article takes its starting point in the connections between avant-garde serialism in music, Foucault’s serialist methods of research and Deleuze’s theories of modernist film, in order to grasp how the aesthetics of Force Majeure continues to deconstruct.
Infrastructural Performance
Authors: Schmidt Cecilie Ullerup
Published: November 2018

As freelance workers are living in inconstancy and increasing social isolation, a crucial question arises: how can solidarity be reclaimed through a critique of structural precarity? Precarity as a consequence of neoliberal working conditions is analysed and problematized across academic disciplines. Departing from Lauren Berlant’s description of structural precarity and Judith Butler’s elaborations on performativity, I propose the term infrastructural performance in order to portray artistic strategies which criticize inequality and organize collectively. I analyse the infrastructural performance of the performance art collective cobratheater.cobra to show how precarity has provoked organisational and artistic reconfigurations in the independent performance art scene. I demonstrate how features within the neoliberal work ethos such as the repetition of the artistic signature, individualisation, and the imperative of mobility are dismantled by the group’s infrastructural performance. I conclude that infrastructural performance criticises structural precarity through collective actions of infection, exposure, and disobedience. It is a new form of collective artistic organisation, which proposes the possibility of change in social and economic conditions. At the end of the article, I speculate how infrastructural performance might change the conception of the art work itself.
From Permanent Positions to Visiting Jobs
Authors: Häti-Korkeila Marjatta , Gröndahl Laura
Published: November 2018

ABSTRACTThe transition to a freelance employment policy from permanent working contracts has had various repercussions on artistic practices in Finnish theatres. This article examines the changes that have taken place in the working culture of statutory funded institutional theatre since the early 1990s, focusing on the shifting roles and positions of directors, dramaturges, producers, and artistic managers. The research material consists of theatre statistics, interviews, and public discussions in the theatre field presented mainly in trade magazines and seminar minutes. Although the theatres still have a significant number of permanently employed artists, the percentage of short-term visits has steadily increased. This goes especially for directors and dramaturges, who mainly focus only on their own productions and do not participate in the long-term development of the theatres’ repertoires or artistic strategies as a whole. It is hard to create ongoing ensemble work and a spirit of a working community when a significant part of the artistic staff keeps constantly changing. In small and medium-sized theatres, the managers are now responsible for the artistic leadership without any collegial support of permanently engaged directors and dramaturges. They usually have to direct plays or undertake dramaturgical work without compensation, even if they do not have a proper education or experience in that field. In the changing economic conditions, the role of a producer has gained importance in planning and leading theatre activities and production work. This puts more emphasis on organizational, financial, and marketing issues than previously. Current priorities are now focussed on a high standard of artistic programming and the nurturing of public interest.
Poor Theatre, Rich Theatre
Authors: Paavolainen Teemu
Published: November 2018

The article analyzes two Finnish theatre adaptations of Fanny och Alexander, by Ingmar Bergman, and Rauta-aika, by Paavo Haavikko, premiered in 2010 and 2011 respectively. The key question is, how the two works brought the filmic originals’ wealth of material to theatrically manageable proportions, and how the themes of poverty and prosperity were developed by their scenic machineries – a question of theatricality, but also, if you will, of a sort of theatrical exchange: “golden age” to exile or decline in the story-worlds, lavish film to theatrical constraint in production. The first two sections take a specifically economic perspective on the original TV projects and their central storylines; the two final sections address how these storylines were locally woven by the revolving stage and the revolving auditorium used in the theatre productions. On various levels, a playfully “monetary” distinction of metonymy and metaphor is suggested in which metonymic contiguity stands for contextual prosperity (as experience, community, immediacy), metaphoric substitution for relative deprivation (as distance, abstraction, exchange).
Blind maskine og gakket klovn
Authors: Schmidt Johanne Gormsen
Published: November 2018

Blind Machine and Zany Clown – Comical Representations of the Worker in the Age of Taylorism and Today

This article aims at historicizing the conception of the comical, arguing that theories and cultural representations of the comical character from different time periods offer valuable insight into the experience of work at given historical moments. The status of personality in the comical character turns out to be highly pertinent to the understanding of work in the transition to late modernity.
Hermetiske reformationer i det 15.-16. århundrede
Authors: Rudbøg Tim
Published: November 2018

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This article seeks to nuance the classic narrative of the Reformation in which Martin Luther is singled out and the Reformation, directly linked to Luther, is equally portrayed as a very specific singular event. Based on a perspective of pluralism this article shows that several reformative attempts inspired by Hermetism and the notion of a prisca theologia had already begun prior to Luther and was subsequently continued in connection with the Counter-Reformation and in other circles. Persons such as Marsilio Ficino and Pico della Mirandola and later heirs of Hermetism, are for example only very rarely mentioned directly in connection with the ongoing reformations of the Church. The reason why these persons are overlooked might be rooted in the concept of the Reformation itself and the Christian antipathy for the foreign pagan traditions by which these very persons sought to reform the Church.

DANSK RESUME: Denne artikel forsøger at nuancere den klassiske fortælling om Reformationen, hvor alene Martin Luther bliver fremhævet, og hvor Reformationen direkte forbundet med Luther ligeledes er afbilledet som en meget specifik og enkeltstående begivenhed. Baseret på et pluralistisk perspektiv viser artiklen, at flere forsøg på reformation af den kristne kirke, inspireret af hermetisme- og prisca theologia-tanken, allerede var begyndt før Luther og fortsatte efterfølgende i forbindelse med modreformationen og i andre kredse. Personer som Marsilio Ficino og Pico della Mirandola samt senere hermetiske arvetagere bliver fx kun meget sjældent nævnt i direkte forbindelse med de fortsatte reformationer af kirken. Grunden, til at disse personer traditionelt bliver overset, er måske rodfæstet i selve reformationsbegrebet og den kristne antipati mod de fremmede hedenske traditioner, som netop disse personer forsøgte at reformere kirken med.
Objectivation practices
Authors: Liberman Kenneth
Published: November 2018

Linkages between the early interactionist sociology of Simmel and Garfinkel’s ethnomethodology are explored, using illustrations drawn from the author’s research on coffee tasting, the debates of Tibetan scholar-monks, and players of board games. Garfinkel’s inquiries into the neglected objectivity of social facts are specified with concrete illustrations, and a model is developed to guide the investigation of some seminal topics in ethnomethodology. Discounting rational choice theory, voluntarism, and individualist models, this study offers an account of the objectivation practices that parties routinely employ when they collaborate in setting up an orderliness for their local affairs.