bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEASIBILITY STUDY BENDUNGAN POH SANTEN DI KABUPATEN JEMBRANA
Authors: Nuraga Ketut , Eratodi I Gusti Lanang Bagus
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAKPembangunan sarana penyediaan air baku bagi Kabupaten Jembrana merupakan salah satu kebutuhan yang utama bagi kelangsungan hidup masyarakat di daerah tersebut. Sarana penyediaan air baku berupa bendungan sebagai tempat tampungan air merupakan suatu alternatif dalam mengatasi masalah pemenuhan kebutuhan air irigasi dan air bersih didaerah tersebut. Pada studi-studi tentang ketersediaan air baik air permukaan maupun bawah permukaan dengan tingkat kebutuhan air penduduk di Kabupaten Jembrana yang semakin meningkat, maka telah direkomendasikan untuk melakukan kajian-kajian teknis tentang upaya-upaya penyediaan air baku terutama dengan membangun bendungan. Salah satu studi yang telah direkomendasikan adalah melakukan studi pendahuluan berupa studi kelayakan Bendungan Poh Santen di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Tukad Pergung di Kecamatan Medoyo. Dalam studi ini, desain awal bendungan Poh Santen dipilih konstruksi Bendungan Tipe Urugan Inti Vertikal dengan material urugan random sesuai dengan ketersediaan jenis material di lokasi studi. Tinggi bendungan 32 m dan tampungan total sebesar 1,272x106 m3. Pemanfaatan air bendungan Poh Santen untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air irigasi seluas 269 ha dan memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih penduduk dengan debit rencana sebesar 0,142 m3/dt. Analisis kelayakan didapat hasil bendungan Poh Santen dinyatakan sangat layak untuk dilajutkan pada tahap Detail Desain (IRR>12% dan BCR>1)Kata kunci: bendungan, tampungan, air irigasi, air bersih, kelayakan teknis  ABSTRACTThe construction of raw water supply facilities for Jembrana Regency is one of the main needs for the survival of the people in the area. Means of supplying raw water in the form of dams as water reservoirs are an alternative in overcoming the problem of meeting the needs of irrigation water and clean water in the area. In studies of the availability of water both surface and subsurface water with the increasing level of water needs of the population in Jembrana Regency, it has been recommended to conduct technical studies on efforts to provide raw water, especially by building dams. One study that has been recommended is a preliminary study in the form of a feasibility study of the Poh Santen Dam in the Tukad Pergung watershed in Medoyo District. In this study, the initial design of the Poh Santen dam was chosen by the construction of a Vertical Core Urugan Dam type with a random Urugan material according to the availability of material types at the study site. The dam is 32 m high and the total reservoir is 1,272 x 106 m3. Utilization of Poh Santen dam water to meet irrigation water needs covering an area of 269 ha and meet the population's clean water needs with a planned discharge of 0.142 m3 / sec. The feasibility analysis shows that the results of the Poh Santen dam are declared to be very feasible to be continued at the Design Detail stage (IRR> 12% and BCR> 1)Keywords: dams, reservoirs, irrigation water, clean water, technical feasibility
Commitment Levels of Health Care Providers in Using the District Health Information System and the Associated Factors for Decision Making in Resource-Limited Settings: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kanfe Shuma G , Endehabtu Berhanu F , Ahmed Mohammedjud H , Mengestie Nebyu D , Tilahun Binyam
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Changing the culture of information use, which is one of the transformation agendas of the Ministry of Health of Ethiopia, cannot become real unless health care providers are committed to using locally collected data for evidence-based decision making. The commitment of health care providers has paramount influence on district health information system 2 (DHIS2) data utilization for decision making. Evidence is limited on health care providers’ level of commitment to using DHIS2 data in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aims to fill this evidence gap.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the levels of commitment of health care providers and the factors influencing their commitment levels in using DHIS2 data for decision making at public health care facilities in the Ilu Aba Bora zone of the Oromia national regional state, Ethiopia in 2020.

METHODS

The cross-sectional quantitative study supplemented by qualitative methods was conducted from February 26, 2020 to April 17, 2020. A total of 264 participants were approached. SPSS version 20 software was used for data entry and analysis. Descriptive and analytical statistics, including bivariable and multivariable analyses, were performed. Thematic analysis was conducted for the qualitative data.

RESULTS

Of the 264 respondents, 121 (45.8%, 95% CI 40.0%-52.8%) respondents showed high commitment levels to use DHIS2 data. The variables associated with the level of commitment to use DHIS2 data were found to be provision of feedback for DHIS2 data use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.85, 95% CI 1.02-3.33), regular supervision and managerial support (AOR 2.84, 95% CI 1.50-5.37), information use culture (AOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.03-3.59), motivation to use DHIS2 data (AOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.00-3.25), health needs (AOR 3.96, 95% CI 2.11-7.41), and competency in DHIS2 tasks (AOR 2.41, 95% CI 1.27-4.55).

CONCLUSIONS

In general, less than half of the study participants showed high commitment levels to use DHIS2 data for decision making in health care. Providing regular supportive supervision and feedback and increasing the motivation and competency of the health care providers in performing DHIS2 data tasks will help in promoting their levels of commitment that can result in the cultural transformation of data use for evidence-based decision making in health care.
Facebook as a source of access to medicines. (Preprint)
Authors: Zaprutko Tomasz , Kopciuch Dorota , Paczkowska Anna , Sprawka Józefina , Cynar Julia , Pogodzinska Monika , Niewczas Katarzyna , Michalak Michał , Nowakowska Elżbieta , Kus Krzysztof
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND

Over the last decade, we’ve observed an enormous social media development, which have recently become commercial services.

OBJECTIVE

The objective was to verify Facebook as a source of pharmaceuticals offers. We also intended to identify prescription (Rx) and over-the-counter (OTC) medicines if available on that platform.

METHODS

The study was conducted from January 2019 to July 2020. We investigated offers of pharmaceuticals posted on the Polish Facebook (individual posts and communities) between 2016 and 2019. Medicines were divided into Rx and OTC brands and in accordance with their possible therapeutic use. We verified whether the medicines were for sale, to exchange, or available for free. Posts and groups were investigated for example by entering the phrase “for free,” followed by a city in Poland.

RESULTS

Out of 409 offers, 380 (92.91%) concerned Rx brands and 29 OTC brands. 315 (77.02%) medications were available “for free”. In 47 (11.49%) cases, an “exchange” was expected, and 47 (11.49%) announcements were marked as “for sale”. Cardiovascular medicines (n=125) were the most popular. There were also antidiabetics (n=38) and antipsychotics (n=28). We also found clear candidates for misuse. These were opioids (n=7), benzodiazepines (n=2 )as well as clomifene (n=1) and letrozole (n=1).

CONCLUSIONS

Facebook is a significant source of uncontrolled access to medicines. The majority of offers concerned Rx brands, including opioids and benzodiazepines. Medicines offered on Facebook are mainly accessible for free, and the scope and the number of medicines offered on Facebook should make this issue a hazardous phenomenon.
Implicative filters in quasi-ordered residuated systems
Authors: Romano Daniel A.
Published: March 2021

The concept of residuated relational systems ordered under a quasiorder relation was introduced in 2018 by S. Bonzio and I. Chajda as a structure 𝒜 = 〈A, ·,→, 1, R〉, where (A, ·) is a commutative monoid with the identity 1 as the top element in this ordered monoid under a quasi-order R. The author introduced and analyzed the concepts of filters in this type of algebraic structures. In this article, as a continuation of previous author’s research, the author introduced and analyzed the concept of implicative filters in quasi-ordered residuated systems.
Some integral inequalities for approximately h—convex functions and their applications
Authors: Kashuri Artion , Raees Muhammad , Anwar Matloob
Published: March 2021

In this paper, by applying the new and improved form of Hölder’s integral inequality called Hölder—Íşcan integral inequality three inequalities of Hermite—Hadamard and Hadamard integral type for (h, d)—convex functions have been established. Various special cases including classes for instance, h—convex, s—convex function of Breckner and Godunova—Levin—Dragomir and strong versions of the aforementioned types of convex functions have been identified. Some applications to error estimations of presented results have been analyzed. At the end, a briefly conclusion is given.
ANALISIS KADAR NITROGEN PADA PUPUK UREA, PUPUK CAIR DAN PUPUK KOMPOS DENGAN METODE KJELDAHL
Authors: Yusmayani Milis
Published: March 2021

This study aims to quantify the nitrogen level in the three different forms of fertilizer product: urea, compost, and liquid fertilizer manufactured by local Acehnese companies and compare it to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 19-7030-2004. All samples were analysed by using Kjeldahl method which consists of three steps: destruction, distillation, and titration. The analysis shows that the concentration of nitrogen in the urea, compost, and liquid fertilizer is 46.04; 2.79, and 0.0360% respectively. The results indicates that, when the data were compared to the value of nitrogen level in the SNI, both urea and compost are qualified to be released to national market. However, since the content of nitrogen in the liquid product is below the SNI, the latter fertilizer might not be considered as a qualified product in the term of nitrogen level.
UJI KADAR SULFAT PADA AIR MINUM DALAM KEMASAN (AMDK) SECARA SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Ananda Meita Sari
Published: March 2021

The goal of this study is to quantitaively determine both the concentration of sulfate (SO4-2) contained in bottled-drinking water (AMDK) via spectrophotometry UV-Vis and the quality of the water compared to Permenkes No. 429/MENKES/PER/IV/2010. The sample was mixed with BaCl2 to form BaSO4 which can be recognised by employing UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 420 nm wave length. The obtained absorbance data were then applied to the linear equation proposed by using standard sulfate solution. The analysis shows that the various products of AMDK consumed Acehnese people contain sulfate in low level, numerically under 0,0397 ppm. Thie research conclude that the AMDK is safe to be consumed daily.
PERBANDINGAN PENGGUNAAN PELARUT ALKALI (KOH DAN NaOH) TERHADAP HASIL EKSTRAKSI RUMPUT LAUT MERAH (Eucheuma cottonii, sp) ASAL ACEH JAYA
Authors: Bhernama Bhayu Gita
Published: March 2021

Indonesia is an archipelago that is rich in natural marine potential. One of the provinces in Indonesia that is rich in natural marine potential is Aceh. Aceh, which is rich in seaweed, has good prospects to improve the economy of its people. One of the seaweed cultivated in Aceh is Eucheuma cottonii, which has carrageenan content. In the process of carrageenan processing from seaweed alkali is needed which aims to produce carrageenan granules. Precipitation of carrageenan was carried out by heat extraction method which varied alkaline solvents namely NaOH and KOH and than do FTIR and SEM analysis. From the results of FTIR in the absorption area of ​​1010-1080 cm-1 showed the absorption of glycosidik bonds and at 849-850 cm-1 uptake was absorption from galactose-4-phosphate bonds. In wavelength is a type of carrageenan kappa. SEM results show different and uneven carrageenan surfaces.
Hubungan Jumlah dan Kepadatan Penghuni Rumah serta Keberadaan Nyamuk dengan Frekuensi Menggigit Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Saat Mencari Darah di Kabupaten Cirebon Provinsi Jawa Barat
Authors: Hakim Lukman , Kusnandar Asep Jajang
Published: March 2021

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus with the widest spread in the Asian region. In Indonesia, every year is always an outbreak in some provinces, the largest occurred in 1998 and 2004 with the number of patient mortality by 79 480 people with 800 people. To know the risk factor for dengue transmission in Cirebon District that had a high DHF cases, had been conducted the research with calculating the number and density of humans at the houses and also survey of density of Aedes aegypti pre-adult and adult stages.The research was resulting that the house index (HI) of Ae. aegypti is 58%, while homes found Ae. aegypti adults is 46%, 6 of which house is the house that is not found larvae / pupae of mosquitoes. The laboratory tests found that the frequency of biting Ae. aegypti mosquitoes average 4.5 times per day, at least 2 times and no more than 7 times per day. Number of people bitten by adult mosquitoes average of 3.1 people per day, is at least 2 people and maximum 5 people per day. Based on the statistically test, it is known that there is significant correlation between the number of inhabitants of the house and the presence of mosquito larvae / pupa of Ae. aegypti mosquito with biting frequency, whereas the most dominant variable was the presence of larvae / pupae of mosquitoes. Furthermore, it is advisable to do the cleaning intensification of Aedes breeding places inand outside the home including those hidden. It is also necessary to place residential settings so that the number of occupants per house so less.
Video Visits: Family Physician Experiences With Uptake During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gold Katherine J. , Laurie Anna R. , Kinney Devon R. , Harmes Kathryn M. , Serlin David C.
Published: March 2021

Background and Objectives: With the emergence of COVID-19, telemedicine use has increased dramatically as clinicians and patients have looked for alternatives to face-to-face care. Prior research has shown high levels of patient satisfaction and comparable quality of care. Video visits have been hypothesized to be one way to reduce burnout among clinicians, but there has been minimal research on physician views of virtual care. We sought to measure family physician experience with video visits at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: We identified all faculty and resident physicians at a large academic department of family medicine who had conducted a video visit in the prior month and conducted an anonymous online 12-question survey about their experiences, satisfaction, and barriers with care.
Results: Most eligible physicians responded (102/109, 94%), of whom half (52%) reported this was their first month trying a video visit. There was very high satisfaction (91% very or somewhat satisfied). The majority of respondents felt that video visits were shorter (54%) or took the same amount of time (38%) as in-person visits. There was concern that many physicians had experienced a visit in which they felt video was not the appropriate platform given patient concerns.
Conclusions: This study is among the first to assess physician experience with video visits. As the visits are perceived as shorter, they may offer a unique opportunity to address clinician burnout. There was a high level of satisfaction at our institution despite multiple technical challenges.
Characteristics Sought When Hiring Faculty in Family Medicine Residency Programs
Authors: Irwin Gretchen , Nilsen Kari , Vedala Raghuveer , Kellerman Rick
Published: March 2021

Background and Objectives: Faculty shortages are a significant concern in family medicine education. Many family medicine residency programs need to recruit faculty in the coming years. As a result, family medicine faculty and resident physicians will be interviewing candidates to fill these vacancies. Little is known about the characteristics valued in a family medicine residency faculty candidate.
Methods: Using a cross-sectional survey of family medicine faculty and resident physicians in family medicine residency programs in Kansas, we attempted to define which characteristics are most valued by current faculty members and resident physicians in family medicine residency programs during the faculty hiring process.
Results: Of 187 invited respondents, 93 completed the survey (49.7% response rate). Twenty-five characteristics, grouped into five domains of relationship building, clinical, teaching, research and administrative skills, were rated as either not important, important, or very important. Building and maintaining healthy relationships was the most important characteristic for faculty, residents, males, and females. Administrative characteristics were the lowest ranked domain in our survey.
Discussion: These results provide an important snapshot of the characteristics valued in faculty candidates for family medicine residency programs. Understanding the paradigm used by existing faculty and resident physicians in family medicine residency programs when considering new faculty hires has an important impact on faculty recruitment and faculty development programs.
Mad families, P+(I)-ideals and ideal convergence
Authors: Yu Jiakui , Zhang Shuguo
Published: March 2021

Let I be an ideal on ?, the notion of I-AD family was introduced in [3].
Analogous to the well studied ideal I(A) generated by almost disjoint
families, we introduce and investigate the ideal I(I-A). It turns out that
some properties of I(I-A) depends on the structure of I. Denoting by a(I)
the minimum of the cardinalities of infinite I-MAD families, several
characterizations for a(I) ? ?1 will be presented. Motivated by the work in
[23], we introduce the cardinality s?,?(I), and obtain a necessary condition
for s?,?(I) = s(I). As an application, we show finally that if a(I) ? s(I),
then BW property coincides with Helly property.
New modular equations of signature three in the spirit of Ramanujan
Authors: Srivatsa Kumar , Shruthi S
Published: March 2021

Srinivasa Ramanujan recorded many modular equations in his notebooks, which
are useful in the computation of class invariants, continued fractions and
the values of theta functions. In this paper, we prove some new modular
equations of signature three by using theta function identities of composite
degrees.
Idempotents generated by weighted generalized inverses in rings with involution
Authors: Song Yaoyao , Zhu Huihui
Published: March 2021

Let R be an associate ring with unity 1 and involution. In this paper, we
investigate several properties and characterizations of idempotents
generated by weighted Moore-penrose inverses and weighted pseudo core
inverses in R. Moreover, several new characterizations about weighted EP
elements and existence criteria of weighted pseudo core inverses are also
given.
Weighted Orlicz algebras on hypergroups
Authors: Öztop Serap , Tabatabaie Seyyed
Published: March 2021

Let K be a hypergroup, w be a weight function and let (?,?) be a
complementary pair of Young functions. We consider the weighted Orlicz space
L??(K) and investigate some of its algebraic properties under convolution.
We also study the existence of an approximate identity for the Banach
algebra L?w(K). Further, we describe the maximal ideal space of the
convolution algebra L?w(K) for a commutative hypergroup K.
Ytinlärning och djupinlärning – en kritisk reflektion kring normativa tolkningar av begrepp i den samtida högskolepedagogiska diskursen
Authors: Pleijel Richard
Published: March 2021

I denna artikel diskuteras begreppen ytinlärning och djupinlärning. Artikeln syftar till en kritisk granskning av hur dessa två begrepp präglar olika sätt att tala om lärande, främst i en samtida, praktiskt orienterad högskolepedagogisk kontext. I artikeln argumenterar jag för att begreppsparet genom att kontrastera yta mot djup har en inneboende normativ potential, varigenom vissa sätt att lära implicit värderas som bättre än andra. I takt med att begreppsanvändningen har avlägsnats alltmer från den ursprungliga forskningskontext där de myntades, har den normativa potentialen gradvis kommit att realiseras. Detta har skett inte minst genom att begreppen har förbundits med andra, tydligt värderande termer, vilket har tenderat att förstärka det normativa draget hos begreppen. Detta beläggs och diskuteras i artikeln utifrån ett antal exempel från en nutida svensk högskolepedagogisk diskurs. Artikelns bärande idé är att det är nödvändigt med en kritisk reflektion, inte bara kring vad vi säger om lärande, utan också kring hur vi säger det.
Eucalyptus Trees Plantation: A Review on Suitability and their Beneficial Role
Authors:   Dept. of Silviculture and Agroforestry,Dr. Yaswant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pardesh (173 230), India, Kaur Amanpreet , Monga Rajesh ,   Dept. of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr. Yaswant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pardesh (173 230), India
Published: March 2021

Eucalyptus is fastest growing species popularly known as gum tree, red iron tree, safeda and belonging to the family Myrtaceae. E. tereticornis and E. grandis are important commercial species with a clean straight bole and compact crown. Large scale plantations have been raised on forest and farm lands, community lands, field boundaries and road/rail/canal strips in India. It is most suitable species for degraded land, waterlogged areas, problematic soils etc. Although, it is a controversial tree because of high water consumption, nutrient depletion, allopathic effects etc., it is also source of pulp, paper, essential oil, timber, medicinal use, etc. Moreover it also provides ecological, socioeconomic and industrial services. Improvement in physical and chemical properties of on Sodic wastelands, heavy metal accumulation in different tissues of in mined soil; carbon sequestration potential, etc. were reported in studies. On unit basis of dry biomass produced, it consumes very little water compared to other trees. If bark of the tree is left on site, the balance of nutrients remaining is (80-88%) of inputs for N, P, K, Ca and Mg which lasts for several years without considering the original nutrients that are still present in soil. In the face of growing economy and increased demand for wood products, it remains to be the desired species that grows fast and produce wood to meet the demand of wood for fuel, construction and furniture materials. Relieving wood product scarcity, landscape re-greening, contribution to poverty reduction, biodiversity restoration and conservation are valuable contribution in forest sector.
Produção e qualidade de beterrabas submetidas a diferentes manejos de adubação e efeito residual na produção de milho cultivado em sucessão
Authors: Aguiar Fabrício Resende de , França André Cabral , Cruz Rafaele de Sousa , Sardinha Levy Tadin , Machado Caroline Maira Miranda , Ferreira Brendo de Oliveira , Araújo Fausto Henrique Vieira
Published: March 2021

A prática do cultivo de milho sucessivo à beterraba tem apresentado retornos econômicos positivos aos produtores, sendo um dos fatores primordiais para o sucesso da atividade, a adubação. O estudo objetivou avaliar diferentes manejos de adubação nos aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos na cultura da beterraba, bem como seus efeitos residuais no cultivo do milho plantado em sucessão. O experimento foi conduzido no município de Diamantina-MG, em casa de vegetação, sob delineamento em blocos casualizados, com sete tratamentos, sendo controle (sem adubação), mineral, organomineral peletizado NPK 04-17-07 nas doses de 40, 80, 160 e 320% da recomendação para a cultura da beterraba, com quatro repetições. Avaliou-se altura de plantas, diâmetros longitudinal e transversal das raízes, clorofila A e B, peso de massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e raízes, produtividade, teor de sólidos solúveis e o tempo de prateleira. Na segunda etapa experimental, verificou-se o número de espigas por planta, peso por espiga, peso do sabugo, peso de 100 grãos e estimada a produtividade. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste Tukey (p < 0,05) para comparação de médias. A análise de regressão foi feita diante as doses do fertilizante organomineral para produtividade de ambas as culturas. A utilização do fertilizante organomineral peletizado e torta de filtro no plantio proporcionam efeitos positivos ao desenvolvimento e produção de plantas de beterraba assim como para o milho em sucessão, mostrando-se alternativas viáveis à adubação mineral neste sistema.
Bidirectional DC–AC Converter-Based Communication Solution for Microgrid
Authors: Zhang Yixuan , Ni Kai , Wang Yangang , Hu Yihua
Published: March 2021

The communication system of a microgrid can transfer the information of electricity price, power consumption and so on between users and the control centre. This capability is of great significance to improve the efficiency and sustainability of power facilities. In this paper, a bidirectional DC–AC converter topology is proposed to achieve the composite transmission of power and signals in microgrids. Since the transmitted signals are modulated by power switches of converters and integrated into the currents, the cost of signal couplers can be saved and the circuit structure can be simplified. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed method, a simulation model of the proposed converter is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. With the power supply frequency of 50 Hz, when the converter operates in the inverter mode and rectifier mode, the data transmission rate can reach 120 bit/s and 48 bit/s, respectively.
Sensorless Induction Motor Drive Based on Model Reference Adaptive System Scheme Utilising a Fictitious Resistance
Authors: Hajji Soufien , Ben Chehida Ramzi , Zayani Hichem , Bouaziz Noomen , Zorgani Youssef Agrebi
Published: March 2021

This article presents a new development of an indirect stator flux-oriented controller for sensorless speed induction motor drive utilising instantaneous and steady-state values, respectively, of a fictitious resistance symbolised as R_f. The dimension of the fictitious quantity, in this context, is the ohm, which is the difference between the stator d- and q-axis fictitious resistances. However, from the measurement of the stator voltage and currents of the machine, two independent resistance estimators are built. Therefore, the first is considered as a reference model of the induction machine (IM), and the second is considered as an adjustable model. Subsequently, the error between the states of the two models is used to drive a suitable adaptation mechanism that generates the estimation of the speed, for the adjustable model. Furthermore, the structure of the proposed estimator is free from stator resistance and eliminates the requirement of any flux computation. All the detailed simulation study is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink to validate the proposed method and to highlight the robustness and the stability of the proposed model reference adaptive system estimator.
UPAYA REDUKSI MISKONSEPSI SISWA PADA KONSEP REAKSI REDOKS MELALUI MODEL GUIDED INQUIRY DI SMA NEGERI I SUMENEP
Authors: Fajarianingtyas Dyah Ayu , Yuniastri Ratih
Published: March 2021

This resarch aimed to decribe implementation inquiry learning as an effort to reduce student’s misconception. Research’s subject are XMIA 5 students of SMAN I Sumenep. Research’s design used Pretest-Postest design. Data were analysed by quantitative descriptive and inferencial technique. The result were: (1) the students had redox reaction preconception before inquiry learning, (2) the realization of teaching material using inquiry learning in class got good assessment, (3) student’s learning performance increased after inquiry learning, (4) inquiry learning has successfully increased students TK percentage to 54%, althrough leaved behind 35% students’ misconception. Based on the result, Guided Inquiry learning can used to reduce students’ misconception, although still leaved behind students’ misconception.
Comparison of four different non-invasive respiratory support techniques as primary respiratory support in preterm infants
Authors: Öktem Ahmet , Yiğit Şule , Çelik Hasan Tolga , Yurdakök Murat
Published: March 2021

Background. The use of non-invasive ventilation methods in neonatal intensive care units has been increasing in recent years. Non-invasive ventilation techniques are lung preserving methods and they reduce the risk of volutrauma, barotrauma, and atelectotrauma.
Methods. The effect of heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), nasal intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (NIPPV), and nasal high-frequency oscillation ventilation (NHFOV) were compared in preterm infants with respiratory distress.
Results. Between December 2015 and February 2017, a total of 76 preterm infants (gestational age < 32 weeks) with respiratory distress were enrolled in this study. Of the patients, 20 received HHHFNC, while 20 received nasal CPAP (NCPAP), 19 received NIPPV, and 17 received NHFOV for respiratory support. The primary outcome was intubation requirement during non-invasive respiratory support. The secondary outcome included duration of non-invasive ventilation, air leak syndrome, abdominal distension, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), nasal injury, increased secretions, agitation, and mortality rate. The intubation ratio was higher in the NCPAP (40%) and NHFOV (29.4%) groups when compared with the NIPPV (10.5%) and HHHFNC (11.8%) groups. More nasal injury had developed in the NIPPV (78.9%) and NHFOV (82.4%) groups when compared with the NCPAP (40%) and HHHFNC (35%) groups. Moreover, the viscous secretion that blocked the cannulas was higher in NIPPV (78.9%) and NHFOV (76.5%) groups than NCPAP (25%) and HHHFNC (40%) groups. There were no significant differences in the duration of non-invasive ventilation methods, abdominal distension, NEC, air leak syndrome or mortality in the 4 groups.
Conclusions. The NIPPV and HHHFNC methods can be useful as a primary mode of respiratory support for respiratory distress. However, doctors need to be careful with regard to the complications that may develop.
Over restrictive elimination of foods in children with food allergy
Authors: Özdoğan Elif , Kızılkan Nuray U , Akkaya A Deniz , Yılmaz Ebru Arık , Şahiner Ümit M , Soyer Özge , Dut Raziye , Nacaroğlu Hikmet Tekin , Büyüktiryaki Betül , Melek Hacer Efnan , Saçkesen Cansın
Published: March 2021

Background. Previous studies demonstrated critical deficits in diagnosis and management of childhood food allergy (FA), and recent developments in FA research support adopting a proactive approach in FA management. Our objective was to describe FA knowledge and management patterns of pediatricians.
Method. We applied a 24-item survey to 170 general pediatricians, pediatric allergists and pediatric gastroenterologists practicing in Turkey.
Results. Some IgE-mediated symptoms of FA such as cough, urticaria, wheezing and anaphylaxis were falsely recognized as symptoms of non-IgE-mediated FA by 30%, 29%, 25% and 19% of the participants, respectively. By contrast, 50% of the participants falsely recognized bloody stool, a finding of IgE-mediated FA. Most frequently and least frequently used diagnostic tools were specific IgE (30.5%) and oral food challenge test (1.7%), respectively. Maternal diet restrictions and infant diet restrictions were advised by 82% and 82%, respectively. Percentages of physicians eliminating only 1 food were 21%, 19%; 2 foods were 15%, 11%; 3 foods were 7%, 8%; 4-5 foods were 8%, 11%; 5 to 10 foods were 21%, 26%; and > 10 foods were 28%, 25% from the maternal and infant diet, respectively. Cow`s milk, cheese, butter, yoghurt, baked milk products and hen`s egg were the most commonly restricted items.
Conclusion. Overall, FA knowledge of pediatricians was fair. Pediatricians utilize an overly restrictive approach when advising diet eliminations in FA. Recent developments favor a more proactive approach to induce immune tolerance and need to be encouraged in pediatric clinical practice. Future educational efforts should focus on emphasizing the deleterious effects of injudicious and extensive eliminations.
Kerja Sama G20 dalam Pemulihan Ekonomi Global dari COVID-19
Authors: Astuti Wiwiek Rukmi Dwi
Published: March 2021

This study reveals the institutional performance of the G20 in order to help global economy recovery because of COVID-19. This study uses qualitative methods, providing in-depth descriptions through internet-based research as data-based techniques. This study indicates that G20 has proven its performance in carrying out a multilateral cooperation system through collective responses, which contain six dimensions, namely yaitu domestic political management; deliberation; direction setting; decision making; and development of global governance. G20's coordination creates a global network that includes interactions between international institutions, namely the IMF, WTO, and World Bank, as well as regional organizations and informal partnerships in the arena of international cooperation.
The Legal and Political Aspects of the Eastern Mediterranean: What is at Stake?
Authors: Erdoğan Ayfer
Published: March 2021

The main challenge in relation to Mediterranean gas is the distribution of potential gas reserves which inevitably entails delimitation of maritime borders. However, in the context of the Eastern Mediterranean, this is highly problematic mainly due to the status of the Greek islands along with their close proximity to the Turkish mainland and the failure in resolving the ‘Cyprus issue.’ There are two key questions in relation to the Eastern Mediterranean crisis: (i) What are the contesting claims over maritime border delimitation between Turkey, Greece, and the Greek Administration of Southern Cyprus with reference to the international law? (ii) Why has the Eastern Mediterranean dispute been politicized so much that it has drawn in countries far from the region? This article examines the legal and political dimensions of the Eastern Mediterranean crisis by analyzing the respective countries’ standpoints through the lens of international law along with the implications of earlier such disputes. The article also investigates the political dimensions of the crisis by looking into alliance formation and how existing political tensions in the region came to the surface in the Eastern Mediterranean.
Key Challenges Facing the Eastern Mediterranean Gas
Authors: Karbuz Sohbet
Published: March 2021

This article provides a critical overview of the key commercial, technical, legal, and political challenges the Eastern Mediterranean region faces in regard to the development of its natural gas resources and proposes possible ways to overcome them. To that aim, it first gives an up-to-date overview of the upstream developments in the region. It then discusses the challenges facing the monetization of the gas discoveries by looking at both the commercial challenges hampering exploration and field development and the technical challenges involved in exporting the gas to the immediate and distant markets. While examining the legal and political challenges related to maritime delimitation and political alignments, it highlights the role of gas. Finally, it offers some possible ways to overcome those challenges.
Local solutions of maximum likelihood estimation in quantum state tomography
Authors: Goncalves Douglas S. , Gomes-Ruggiero Marcia A. , Lavor Carlile , Farias Osvaldo J. , Ribeiro P. H. Souto
Published: March 2021

Maximum likelihood estimation is one of the most used methods in quantum state tomography, where the aim is to reconstruct the density matrix of a physical system from measurement results. One strategy to deal with positivity and unit trace constraints is to parameterize the matrix to be reconstructed in order to ensure that it is physical. In this case, the negative log-likelihood function in terms of the parameters, may have several local minima. In various papers in the field, a source of errors in this process has been associated to the possibility that most of these local minima are not global, so that optimization methods could be trapped in the wrong minimum, leading to a wrong density matrix. Here we show that, for convex negative log-likelihood functions, all local minima of the unconstrained parameterized problem are global, thus any minimizer leads to the maximum likelihood estimation for the density matrix. We also discuss some practical sources of errors.
A linearized stabilizer formalism for systems of finite dimension
Authors: de Beaudrap Niel
Published: March 2021

The stabilizer formalism is a scheme, generalizing well-known techniques developed by Gottesman~\cite{GottPhD} in the case of qubits, to efficiently simulate a class of transformations (\emph{stabilizer circuits}, which include the quantum Fourier transform and highly entangling operations) on standard basis states of $d$-dimensional qudits. To determine the state of a simulated system, existing treatments involve the computation of cumulative phase factors which involve quadratic dependencies. We present a simple formalism in which Pauli operators are represented using displacement operators in discrete phase space, expressing the evolution of the state via linear transformations modulo $D \le 2d$. We thus obtain a simple proof that simulating stabilizer circuits on $n$ qudits, involving any constant number of measurement rounds, is complete for the complexity class \coMod[d]\Log\ and may be simulated by $O(\log(n)^2)$-depth circuits for any constant $d \ge 2$.
Fast and Automated Identification of Reactions with Low Barriers: The Decomposition of 3-Hydroperoxypropanal
Authors: Rasmussen Maria Harris , Madsen Mads , Jensen Jan H.
Published: March 2021

We show how fast semiempirical QM methods can be used to significantly decrease the CPU requirements for automated reaction mechanism discovery, using two different method for generating reaction products: graph-based systematic enumeration of all possible products and the meta-dynamics approach by Grimme (J. Chem. Theory. Comput. 2019, 15, 2847). We test the two approaches on the low-barrier reactions of 3-hydroperoxypropanal, which have been studied by a large variety of reaction discovery approaches and therefore provides a good benchmark. By using PM3 and GFN2-xTB for reaction energy and barrier screening the systematic approach identifies 64 reactions (out of 27,577 possible reactions) for DFT refinement, which in turn identifies the three reactions with lowest barriers plus a previously undiscovered reaction. With optimised hyperparameters meta-dynamics followed by PM3/GFN2-xTB-based screening identifies 15 reactions for DFT refinement, which in turn identifies the three reactions with lowest barrier. The number of DFT refinements can be further reduced to as little as six for both approaches by first verifying the transition states with GFN1-xTB. The main conclusion is that the semiempirical methods are accurate and fast enough to automatically identify promising candidates for DFT refinement for the low barrier reactions of 3-hydroperoxypropanal in a few hours using modest computational resources.
Same but different: The integration of Asian and Pacific Island worldviews for social work education
Authors: Faleolo Moses
Published: March 2021

No description supplied
Involuntary return migration: New Zealand urban street gang transfer to Samoan village settings.
Authors: Faleolo Moses
Published: March 2021

No description supplied
Authentication in social work education: A balancing act
Authors: Faleolo Moses
Published: March 2021

No description supplied
On the English Classroom Teaching Mode of Primary School under the Background of Distance Education
Authors: Shi Jia , Wang Fei
Published: March 2021

Primary school internet plus education is also a new trend in the implementation of the English Teaching in the Internet plus. With the high attention of the party and the state on Rural Education in remote areas, the distance education system under the background of Internet plus has been maturing. Therefore, this study aims to explore a new model for the implementation of primary English classroom teaching through the way of "Internet plus". New teaching methods, new teaching means, new positioning of teachers' role, new ways of teachers' interaction, new ways of learning and new ways of classroom evaluation.
Analysis of College English Teaching in Application Oriented Colleges and Universities Based on the Effect Oriented Concept
Authors: Wang Lihua
Published: March 2021

In order to cultivate more and more applied talents, promote the employment rate of college students, and improve the National English level, this paper, through theoretical analysis, reading and understanding the relevant literature, combined with practical work experience, through the design of teaching objectives, improving the curriculum evaluation system, and Innovating Curriculum teaching methods, achieves the effect-based teaching purpose.
Why not straddle it? I-75 Ramp H-4 Bridge and Integral Straddle Bent Cap
Authors: Rodriguez Leo , Wuttrich Rafal , Sinson Henri
Published: March 2021

Tolled express lanes have been recognized as a cost-effective alternative to deliver upgraded infrastructure when the transportation needs exceed available conventional funding. They have become an integral part of Florida’s efforts to deliver improved mobility and enhance economic development. The tolled I-75 Express Lanes Corridor is aimed to address congestion, accommodate future regional growth and development, enhance hurricane and other emergency evacuation, and improve system connectivity between key transportation facilities. This paper discusses the structural and construction solutions for the I-75 Express Lanes in South Florida, specifically Ramp H-4 in the segment A/B corridor.
Aesthetic considerations in the design of the 200-year bridge
Authors: Beade-Pereda Héctor
Published: March 2021

Evolution in materials, together with developments in instrumentation and monitoring techniques, have made it possible to think on systematically designing bridges that have a significantly longer service life than what is currently required in the standards. Exciting discussions about 200-year bridges are taking place nowadays, fundamentally focusing on durability, maintenance, and prediction of future use. However, there is another fundamental aspect that is probably not receiving so much attention: how 200-year bridges should look like?

This article is a reflection on how the design of 200-year bridges should be faced in terms of appearance. On what parameters can make a bridge a long-lasting valuable piece of the built environment or just a representative of what was in fashion in a specific period. On how to achieve a perceived design quality that can span different generations. On appearance durability.

The article includes an analysis of a series of historic bridges, some of them more than 200 years old, with the aim of identifying what has made them successful (or not) from an aesthetic point of view, to reflect on how to apply these lessons learnt in the design of new bridges with an extended service life.
Seismic Strengthening Design and Construction of Rocking Piers of a Road Bridge
Authors: Sanada Osamu , Takahashi Yasuto , Shibano Nobuhiro , Akizawa Kazunari , Luan Yao
Published: March 2021

On April 14, 2016, an earthquake of magnitude 7.3 hit in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. 12 bridges were damaged and could not be restored in a short time, significantly impacting the transportation of relief supplies through emergency roads to the disaster areas. Among them, an expressway bridge supported by rocking piers collapsed, which had never occurred in past earthquakes. The collapse was caused by the failure of restraint details on an abutment. The rocking piers, however, failed to prevent the superstructure from falling subsequently, because the pier joints with the girders and pile caps were all hinges that provided no restraint to superstructure. With this collapse as a starting point, seismic strengthening of bridges with rocking piers has started being implemented all over Japan. The authors’ company launched a strengthening project in July 2017. Among the expressways under our management, the Tomei Expressway has the largest traffic volume. Any bridge falling of the expressway may cause enormous damage. This paper presents a strengthening design and construction of a bridge in the Tomei Expressway for ist rocking piers. The rocking piers were strengthened by installing braces between each two neighboring piers. In addition, based on a nonlinear dynamic analysis, the pile caps under the piers were strengthened by thickening the cross section area and rigidizing their joints with the piers using reinforced concrete, in order to provide sufficient shear and bending capacity. The pivot bearings of the piers that support the girders were also strengthened, by installing restrainers and side surface steel plates. The strengthening construction was started in August 2018 and completed in March 2019.
Extending the Life of Historic Concrete Bridges
Authors: Johnson Arne P. , Klein Gary J. , Lawler John S.
Published: March 2021

Open-spandrel, concrete arch bridges were a common bridge design in the United States during the early 1900s. Many of these bridges are now urban landmarks and listed historic structures that local jurisdictions wish to rehabilitate, including widening the deck to more safely accommodate pedestrians and bicyclists. However, decades of exposure in harsh climates have led to advanced deterioration and reduced load ratings for most extant examples. Further complicating rehabilitation, the height, and arch-reliant behavior of these bridges make construction access, staging, and maintenance of trafﬁc difficult. Drawing upon the authors’ experience with several bridges of this type, this paper discusses best practices and special considerations for investigating and rehabilitating historic concrete arch bridges to extend their life.
Study on Evaluation Procedures for Prestressed Concrete Bridges Damaged by Salt Attack with Severe Corrosion of PC Cables
Authors: Osada Koji , Ono Kiyohisa , Hattori Masafumi , Nojima Shoji
Published: March 2021

Considering the management of highway bridges in service under severe conditions for more than 100 years, evaluation of safety is indispensable. By adopting design formulae, it is possible to evaluate the safety quantitatively without complicated processes. However, to adopt a formula from the design, the structure needs to satisfy the Navier hypothesis and other requirements. For these reasons, the authors carried out an examination of evaluation procedures to define the limit deterioration state of PC structures for adopting a design formula. By comparing evaluation results of a design formula and experimental results of an actual PC beam removed from service, and also nonlinear FEM analysis results, the study shows the limit deterioration state of PC structures for adopting a design formula for the evaluation of safety.