bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel ZnS-CdS nanocomposite as a visible active photocatalyst for degradation of synthetic and real wastewaters
Authors: Khodamorady Minoo , Bahrami Kiumars
Published: February 2023

In this study, new magnetic nanocomposites with shell core structure with different molar ratios of ZnS-CdS were synthesized and their photocatalytic activity in dye removal from synthetic and real effluents in the presence of mercury high pressure lamp as a visible light source was investigated. Optimal photocatalyst with molar ratio of ZnS-CdS 0.25:0.75 showed the best performance in dye removal. Based on the particle distribution histogram of Fe3O4@BNPs@ZnS-CdS (ZnS/CdS: 0.25:0.75), particles with 60–100 nm have the highest abundance. According to the DRS results, hybridization of zinc sulfide with cadmium sulfide reduced the gap and as a result, light absorption was successfully extended to the visible area. The PL results confirm that the optimal photocatalyst (Fe3O4@BNPs@ZnS-CdS) has the lowest electron–hole recombination compared to Fe3O4@BNPs@ZnS and Fe3O4@BNPs@CdS. It should be noted that according to the DLS results, the charge on the optical photocomposite surface is negative at all acidic, alkaline and neutral pHs. One of the significant advantages in this study is the use of high-pressure mercury lamps as a light source, so that these lamps are very economical in terms of economy and also have a long life and excellent efficiency. The optimal photocatalyst not only showed excellent photocatalytic activity for the removal of methylene blue (96.6%) and methyl orange (70.9%) but also for the dye removal of textile effluents (Benton 98.5% and dark olive 100%). Introduced magnetic heterostructures are suitable options for dye removal from textile and spinning wastewaters.
Efficient methodology with potential uses of Fresnel diffractometry for real-time study of uniaxial nematic liquid crystal phase transitions
Authors: Madadi Narges , Amiri Mohammad
Published: February 2023

Due to the different features of their various phases and expanding physical understanding, liquid crystals (LCs) play a fundamental and crucial role in contemporary technology. Recently, they have also been utilised in adaptive optics, active switching, and next-generation displays for augmented and virtual reality. In order to determine relevant quantities for thermotropic uniaxial nematic liquid crystals (NLCs), our aim is to assess the applicability of a ground-breaking method. The method being discussed is based on Fresnel diffraction (FD) from phase objects, which has been employed over the past 20 years in several accurate and precise metrological applications. Using a phase step and quantitatively registering the visibility of the diffraction patterns, diffractometry can transform any change in the order of LCs brought on by a change in temperature into a change in the optical phase. Owing to its low sensitivity to environmental vibrations, inherent compactness, and ease of set up, diffractometry can be used much more effectively than interferometry. Additionally, as a special major feature, if the various phases of a LC have the required transparency, it is possible to record the number of phases in the bulk of the LC, the surface ordering, and the approximate temperature of the phase transitions in a single-shot imaging by applying a suitable temperature gradient. The numerical computations and practical data comparisons from our theoretical considerations demonstrate a very high level of agreement with the output from other currently used methodologies. As we shall see, by addressing some of the faults and inadequacies of existing techniques, this strategy has the potential to both complement and strengthen them.
The effect of Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) in cognitive impairment and coping strategies in Parkinson's disease: a preliminary study
Authors: Formica Caterina , Bonanno Lilla , Latella Desiree , Ferrera Maria Cristina , Maresca Giuseppa , Logiudice Anna Lisa , Sorbera Chiara , Brigandì Amelia , Di Lorenzo Giuseppe , Marino Silvia
Published: February 2023

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by different motor, vegetative, behavioral, and cognitive impairments, with worsening quality of life. Virtual reality devices have given promising results in neurorehabilitation as they can provide multisensory stimulation in a realistic environment. This study aims to test the efficacy of virtual reality training by using Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment in cognitive impairment in a sample of PD. 31 patients affected by PD were enrolled. All PD patients underwent 24 sessions of Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment training. The participants were assessed at baseline (T0) and after two months (T1). Our results suggested that Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment training may be effective in the cognitive and emotional domains, particularly by improving executive function, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. These changes have helped to improve self-efficacy and coping strategies. These results indicate greater cognitive and physical effort to overcome stressors. Our results show that Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment training was beneficial in improving cognitive functions. Longer duration training may be especially beneficial for patients with mild cognitive impairment. Our findings open the door to tailored personalized treatments based on the patient's motor and cognitive profiles.
Efficacy of high-volume vs very low volume corticosteroid subacromial injection in subacromial impingement syndrome: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Apivatgaroon Adinun , Srimongkolpitak Surasak , Boonsun Phanuwat , Chernchujit Bancha , Sanguanjit Prakasit
Published: February 2023

Subacromial corticosteroid injections (SCI) treat shoulder pain from subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). However, a high-volume corticosteroid injection (HVCI) increases the incidence of local and general complications from lidocaine. This study aimed to compare the results of functional and clinical outcomes between the very low-volume corticosteroid injection (VLVCI) and HVCI including to WORC (Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index), VAS (Visual Analog Scale), DASH (The disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand) and ROM (Range of Motion). A total of 64 patients presenting with SIS were evaluated in two SCI volume in a randomization-controlled trial study. The VAS for pain pre-injection and post-injection at 15 min, was from 5.34 ± 2.44 at before injection to 2.44 ± 1.58 at post injection 15 min in the HVCI group (P < 0.001) and from 5.19 ± 2.33 to 2.84 ± 1.49 in VLVCI group (P < 0.001). Not significant differences at mean difference VAS post-injection 15 min VAS (P = 0.324) and Percentage difference VAS pre-injection and post-injection (P = 0.24). All follow-up timing, there were no significant differences in WORC, DASH and ROM between two groups (P > 0.05). The results revealed the VLVCI is non-inferior to HVCI both of functional outcomes and VAS.
Cardiothoracic ratio values and trajectories are associated with risk of requiring dialysis and mortality in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chou Che-Yi , Wang Charles C. N. , Chiang Hsiu-Yin , Huang Chien-Fong , Hsiao Ya-Luan , Sun Chuan-Hu , Hu Chun-Sheng , Wu Min-Yen , Chen Sheng-Hsuan , Chang Chun-Min , Lin Yu-Ting , Wang Jie-Sian , Hong Yu-Cuyan , Ting I-Wen , Yeh Hung-Chieh , Kuo Chin-Chi
Published: February 2023

Background

The prognostic role of the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains undetermined.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 3117 patients with CKD aged 18–89 years who participated in an Advanced CKD Care Program in Taiwan between 2003 and 2017 with a median follow up of 1.3(0.7–2.5) and 3.3(1.8–5.3) (IQR) years for outcome of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and overall death, respectively. We developed a machine learning (ML)–based algorithm to calculate the baseline and serial CTRs, which were then used to classify patients into trajectory groups based on latent class mixed modelling. Association and discrimination were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses and C-statistics, respectively.

Results

The median (interquartile range) age of 3117 patients is 69.5 (59.2–77.4) years. We create 3 CTR trajectory groups (low [30.1%], medium [48.1%], and high [21.8%]) for the 2474 patients with at least 2 CTR measurements. The adjusted hazard ratios for ESRD, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality in patients with baseline CTRs ≥0.57 (vs CTRs <0.47) are 1.35 (95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.72), 2.89 (1.78–4.71), and 1.50 (1.22–1.83), respectively. Similarly, greater effect sizes, particularly for cardiovascular mortality, are observed for high (vs low) CTR trajectories. Compared with a reference model, one with CTR as a continuous variable yields significantly higher C-statistics of 0.719 (vs 0.698, P = 0.04) for cardiovascular mortality and 0.697 (vs 0.693, P < 0.001) for all-cause mortality.

Conclusions

Our findings support the real-world prognostic value of the CTR, as calculated by a ML annotation tool, in CKD. Our research presents a methodological foundation for using machine learning to improve cardioprotection among patients with CKD.
Development and validation of an integrative pan-solid tumor predictor of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade benefit
Authors: Tomlins Scott A. , Khazanov Nickolay A. , Bulen Benjamin J. , Hovelson Daniel H. , Shreve Melissa J. , Lamb Laura E. , Matrana Marc R. , Burkard Mark E. , Yang Eddy Shih-Hsin , Edenfield William Jeffery , Dees E. Claire , Onitilo Adedayo A. , Thompson Michael , Buchschacher Gary L. , Miller Alan M. , Menter Alexander , Parsons Benjamin , Wassenaar Timothy , Hwang Leon C. , Suga J. Marie , Siegel Robert , Irvin William , Nair Suresh , Slim Jennifer N. , Misleh Jamal , Khatri Jamil , Masters Gregory , Thomas Sachdev , Safa Malek , Anderson Daniel M. , Kwiatkowski Kat , Mitchell Khalis , Hu-Seliger Tina , Drewery Stephanie , Fischer Andrew , Plouffe Komal , Czuprenski Eric , Hipp Jennifer , Reeder Travis , Vakil Hana , Johnson D. Bryan , Rhodes Daniel R.
Published: February 2023

Background

Anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 (collectively PD-[L]1) therapies are approved for many advanced solid tumors. Biomarkers beyond PD-L1 immunohistochemistry, microsatellite instability, and tumor mutation burden (TMB) may improve benefit prediction.

Methods

Using treatment data and genomic and transcriptomic tumor tissue profiling from an observational trial (NCT03061305), we developed Immunotherapy Response Score (IRS), a pan-tumor predictive model of PD-(L)1 benefit. IRS real-world progression free survival (rwPFS) and overall survival (OS) prediction was validated in an independent cohort of trial patients.

Results

Here, by Cox modeling, we develop IRS—which combines TMB with CD274, PDCD1, ADAM12 and TOP2A quantitative expression—to predict pembrolizumab rwPFS (648 patients; 26 tumor types; IRS-High or -Low groups). In the 248 patient validation cohort (248 patients; 24 tumor types; non-pembrolizumab PD-[L]1 monotherapy treatment), median rwPFS and OS are significantly longer in IRS-High vs. IRS-Low patients (rwPFS adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.52, p = 0.003; OS aHR 0.49, p = 0.005); TMB alone does not significantly predict PD-(L)1 rwPFS nor OS. In 146 patients treated with systemic therapy prior to pembrolizumab monotherapy, pembrolizumab rwPFS is only significantly longer than immediately preceding therapy rwPFS in IRS-High patients (interaction test p = 0.001). In propensity matched lung cancer patients treated with first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy or pembrolizumab+chemotherapy, monotherapy rwPFS is significantly shorter in IRS-Low patients, but is not significantly different in IRS-High patients. Across 24,463 molecularly-evaluable trial patients, 7.6% of patients outside of monotherapy PD-(L)1 approved tumor types are IRS-High/TMB-Low.

Conclusions

The validated, predictive, pan-tumor IRS model can expand PD-(L)1 monotherapy benefit outside currently approved indications.
Improving the mesomorphism in bispyrazolate Pd(ii) metallomesogens: an efficient platform for ionic conduction
Authors: Cuerva Cristián , Cano Mercedes , Schmidt Rainer
Published: February 2023

Molecular asymmetry has allowed inducing highly-stable columnar mesophases near to room temperature that can be used for water-free proton conduction.
Synthesis and catalytic performance of nickel phosphinite pincer complexes in deoxygenative hydroboration of amides
Authors: Adilkhanova Aziza , Frolova Valeriya F. , Yessengazin Azamat , Öztopçu Özgür , Gudun Kristina A. , Segizbayev Medet , Matsokin Nikita A. , Dmitrienko Anton , Pilkington Melanie , Khalimon Andrey Y.
Published: February 2023

A series of POCNR POCNR2 and POCOP pincer complexes of Ni(ii) were prepared and their catalytic activities in deoxygenative hydroboration of amides were investigated, resulting in efficient and selective deoxygenation of secondary amides to amines.
Heterometallic clusters based on an uncommon asymmetric “V-shaped” [Fe3+(μ-OR)Ln3+(μ-OR)2Fe3+]6+ (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho) structural core and the investigation of the slow relaxation of the magnetization behaviour of the [Fe2Dy] analogue
Authors: Savva Maria , Alexandropoulos Dimitris I. , Pissas Michael , Perlepes Spyros P. , Papatriantafyllopoulou Constantina , Sanakis Yiannis , Tasiopoulos Anastasios J.
Published: February 2023

A new family of heterometallic [FeIII2Ln] (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho) complexes, possessing an uncommon asymmetric “V-shaped” core and interesting magnetic properties is reported.
Field-effect transistor antigen/antibody-TMDs sensors for the detection of COVID-19 samples
Authors: Canton-Vitoria Ruben , Sato Kotaro , Motooka Yashiro , Toyokuni Shinya , Liu Zheng , Kitaura Ryo
Published: February 2023

We demonstrate that covalent bonding between antibodies and TMDs results in hybrid materials that are remarkably stable. The most notable advantage is that the biosensor devices resist repeated washings without being damaged or losing sensitivity.
Characterizing and identifying influences on undergraduates’ attitudes towards organic chemistry
Authors: Collini Melissa A. , Rocha Lauren A. , Ford Jayda E. , Weber Rebecca , Atkinson Molly B.
Published: February 2023

Despite the important role organic chemistry plays in a wide range of industries, the undergraduate organic chemistry course sequence is considered to be difficult for and feared by students. Although work has been done to identify and address student difficulties within the cognitive and psychomotor domains, little work has focused on investigating student affect towards organic chemistry. Identifying student emotions towards the course and how these emotions impact students’ learning experiences is a key component in addressing student success in organic chemistry. In general chemistry studies, attitudes have been linked to persistence and performance in the class, but little work has been done to determine what role attitude plays in organic chemistry students’ experiences. In this qualitative study, student attitudes towards organic chemistry and the influences that shape those attitudes were explored. Students displayed a wide range of attitudes towards organic chemistry, including positive, negative, neutral, and blended attitudes. Five major influences were shown to have shaped these attitudes including the reputation of the course, students’ educators, experiences with organic chemistry, experiences with introductory chemistry, and individual experiences. Findings also indicated that many student attitudes towards organic chemistry are in place before they have begun the course, but that students’ attitudes may change after interacting with the course material. Limitations of this investigation, as well as implications for research and practitioners, are discussed.
A “tug-of-war” effect tunes Li-ion transport and enhances the rate capability of lithium metal batteries
Authors: Zhang Han , Zeng Ziqi , Liu Mengchuang , Ma Fenfen , Qin Mingsheng , Wang Xinlan , Wu Yuanke , Lei Sheng , Cheng Shijie , Xie Jia
Published: February 2023

We discovered a “tug-of-war” effect in a multilayer solvation sheath: direct solvent–nonsolvent and indirect Li+–nonsolvent interactions were leveraged to tune binding energy between Li+and solvent, thereby leading to a loosened solvation sheath.
Tuning alginate β-lactoglobulin complex coacervation by modulating pH and temperature
Authors: Madsen Mikkel , Mohammad-Beigi Hossein , Westh Peter , Aachmann Finn L. , Svensson Birte
Published: February 2023

Mixing of alginate and β-lactoglobulin at pH < 5.2 results in complex coacervation. The coacervate network is formed by carboxylic acid resonance stabilization and charge–charge interactions. Heating of coacervates yields larger particles.
Triple-line dynamics of a soft colloid-laden drop on a hydrophobic surface
Authors: Jose Merin , Singh Rajesh , Satapathy Dillip K.
Published: February 2023

Evaporation of fluid from a pinned drop placed on solid surface proceedsviaconstant contact radius (CCR) mode, with a continuous reduction in the contact angle.
Finite amplitude waves in jammed matter
Authors: Gómez Leopoldo R.
Published: February 2023

Simulations and theory allow us to gain a broad and comprehensive understanding of the formation and evolution of general non-linear waves produced when unconsolidated granular matter is impacted.
Shear rheology of methyl cellulose based solutions for cell mechanical measurements at high shear rates
Authors: Büyükurgancı Beyza , Basu Santanu Kumar , Neuner Markus , Guck Jochen , Wierschem Andreas , Reichel Felix
Published: February 2023

Methyl cellulose solutions that are commonly used for cell mechanical measurements were characterized in three rheometers. We found shear thinning behavior but also normal stress differences indicating the viscoelasticity of the solutions.
Single polymer sorbent fibers for high performance and rapid direct air capture
Authors: Sekizkardes Ali K. , Kusuma Victor A. , Culp Jeffrey T. , Muldoon Patrick , Hoffman James , Steckel Janice A. , Hopkinson David
Published: February 2023

Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) fibers featuring amidoxime and amine functionalities were formulated into high-performance CO2 adsorbents.
A polycatenated hydrogen-bonded organic framework based on embraced macrocyclic building blocks for fluorescence detection of nitrobenzene in water
Authors: Zhao Jin-Qin , Mao Liang-Liang , Zhang Guo-Hui , Zhan Shun-Ze , Xiao Hongyan , Zhang Shaoguang , Tung Chen-Ho , Wu Li-Zhu , Cong Huan
Published: February 2023

A polycatenated HOF has been constructed from supramolecular embraced pairs of macrocyclic modules, featuring fluorescent detection of nitrobenzene in water.
Aggregation-induced emission materials: a platform for diverse energy transformation and applications
Authors: Li Xue , Yang Hao , Zheng Ping , Lin Danmin , Zhang Zhijun , Kang Miaomiao , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: February 2023

Motivated by the advantages of AIEgens in diversifying energy species and modulating energy transformation, the application of AIEgens based on the energy conversion of solar, chemical, mechanical, and electrical energies are summarized.
Solvent bath annealing-induced liquid phase Ostwald ripening enabling efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Meng Rui , Li Can , Yang Lei , Li Zhihao , Wan Zhi , Shi Jishan , Li Zhen
Published: February 2023

Liquid-phase Ostwald ripening induced by solvent bath annealing (SBA) extends the diffusion length of perovskite–solvent composites, increases the grain size and enhances the crystallinity of the film, leading to efficient perovskite solar cells.
Aging-Related Decline in Phonated and Whispered Speech Perception Not Compensated For by Increased Duration and Intensity: Evidence From Mandarin-Speaking Adult Listeners
Authors: Xu Min , Shao Jing , Liu Boquan , Wang Lan , Ding Hongwei , Zhang Yang
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

This study aimed to examine how aging and modifications of critical acoustic parameters may affect the perception of whispered speech as a degraded signal.

Method:

Forty Mandarin-speaking adults were included in the study. Part 1 of the study compared the perception of Mandarin lexical tones, vowels, and syllables in older and younger adults in whispered versus phonated speech conditions. Parts 2 and 3 further examined how modification of duration and intensity cues contributed to the perceptual outcomes.

Results:

Perception of whispered tones was compromised in older and younger adults. Older adults identified lexical tones less accurately than their younger counterparts, particularly for phonated T2 and T3 and whispered T3. Aging also negatively affected the vowel identification of /i, u/ in the whispered condition. Syllable-level accuracy was largely dependent on the accuracy of lexical tones and vowels. Furthermore, reduced duration led to the decreased accuracy of phonated T3 and whispered T2 and T3 but increased accuracy of phonated T4. Reduced intensity lowered the recognition accuracy for phonated vowels /i, ɤ, o, y/ in older adults and /i, u/ in younger adults, and it also lowered the accuracy of whispered vowels /a, ɤ/ in older adults. Contrary to our expectation, increased duration and intensity did not improve older adults' speech perception in either phonated or whispered conditions.

Conclusions:

The results suggest that aging adversely affected speech perception in both phonated and whispered conditions with more challenges in identifying whispered speech for older adults. While older adults' diminished performance may be potentially due to problems with processing the degraded temporal and spectral information of the target speech sounds, it cannot be simply compensated for by increasing the duration and intensity of the target sounds beyond the audible level.
Research on transformer fault diagnosis based on ISOMAP and IChOA‐LSSVM
Authors: Lu Wanjie , Shi Chun , Fu Hua , Xu Yaosong
Published: February 2023

Oil‐immersed transformers play an important role in the stable operation of power systems. In order to improve the accuracy of transformer fault diagnosis, a transformer fault diagnosis method based on Isomap and IChOA‐LSSVM is proposed. Firstly, Isomap is used to reduce the dimensionality of the 14‐dimensional transformer fault characteristics data to eliminate redundant data between variables. In addition, IChOA is proposed to optimise the Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) parameters and establish an optimal diagnosis model based on LSSVM. For ChOA, three improvement methods are proposed. Circle mapping is used instead of the original population initialisation to improve population diversity. In addition, the location weighting strategy with proportional weights and the Gaussian Corsi variation strategy is proposed to improve the optimization accuracy and efficiency of ChOA. The improved ChOA is compared with the original ChOA, PSO and GWO algorithms by five benchmark test functions. Finally, the improved Chimpanzee Optimisation algorithm was used to find the parameters of the LSSVM to obtain the fault diagnosis model combining Isomap and IChOA‐LSSVM. The model is compared with PSO‐LSSVM, ChOA‐LSSVM and GWO‐LSSVM. The diagnostic accuracy is 90.83%, 81.67%, 83.33% and 80%, respectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively improve the performance of transformer fault diagnosis.
Titanium ultrasonic reactor tuned to 500 kHz
Authors: Seifer Shahar
Published: February 2023

This study describes the design considerations, principles, and performance of a water-filled ultrasonic reactor formed by a 125 mm size titanium cylinder covered with 67 piezoelectric transducers, tuned as a system for peak emissions at 500 kHz. The total acoustic power measured by a radiation force balance is 107 W. The sound intensity is amplified by the cavity and focusing attributes of the cylindrical wall. The reactor can generate ZnO nanoparticles from ZnAc2 solution, and the nanoparticle are found fixated to an epoxy substrate as observed under a scanning transmission electron microscope. These indications are similar to a sonochemical reaction reported at 20 kHz, which validates that inertial cavitation has been reached. The titanium wall has a transmission efficiency of 51% compared to a well-matched POCO graphite-resin layer. The efficiency exceeds the value of 17% expected from a naïve calculation based on the impedance-translation theorem. The problem of optimal emission from a piezoelectric source is more complex than a simple reduction of reflections at the transducer boundary. COMSOL simulations show that the condition for optimal transmission requires consideration of elasticity and piezoelectric charge matrices instead of acoustic impedance. Approximated analytical calculation is suggested as a preliminary guidance for design of an optimal matching layer.
Model for contact formation of novel TeO2 containing Pb-free silver paste on n+ and p+ doped crystalline silicon
Authors: Geml Fabian , Gapp Benjamin , Johnson Simon , Sutton Patricia , Goode Angela , Booth Jonathan , Plagwitz Heiko , Hahn Giso
Published: February 2023

Silver (Ag) pastes are widely used in the global market for most solar cell architectures. Thereby, lead (Pb) is no longer wanted in productions for environmental reasons. In this work, a model for the contact formation between Pb-free, tellurium oxide (TeO2) containing screen-printable Ag pastes and silicon is presented. It is shown that Te plays a key role in this model. Te is not only an important part in etching the surface passivation layers with TeO2 dissolving the dielectric layer but also for a formation of the contacts with Te forming a compound consisting of Ag2Te. Using EDX mapping, local contact regions can be examined and interpreted for contact formation. The used paste system enables far more flexible paste mixturing leading to a novel developed commercial paste which is on a par with other pastes used in industry concerning the resulting contact properties. This is also demonstrated in this work by the very low contact resistivity of less than 1 mΩcm2 over a wide range of firing peak temperatures. It is additionally shown that good resistivities can be achieved on both n+- and p+-doped regions.
Exploring the drivers for digital transformation in smart education: An ecosystems approach
Authors: Visvizi Anna , Troisi Orlando , Grimaldi Mara
Published: February 2023

The adoption of digital technologies in service delivery can modify organizations’ and companies’ structure, infrastructure and relational patterns by (i) changing the nature of interactions between actors and (ii) reframing human attitude, individuals’ intention and users’ involvement in value creation. However, the simple adoption of technology cannot ensure the effective digital transformation of companies. Therefore, to address the disruption of contemporary context, especially in service context such as education- that has been dramatically changed by pandemic - users’ willingness to use technology and their digital culture should be enhanced to exploit the innovation opportunities involved in the use of technology. Hence, this paper rereads smart education as a service ecosystem to investigate: 1) the impact of technology on actor’s interactions and value co-creation, and 2) the different dimensions that can help cities deal with rupture by achieving systems readaptation and transformation. The reinterpretation of smart education as a service ecosystem can allow the identification of the different kinds of technologies and human behaviours (intentions, attitude, citizens’ digital competencies and willingness to use technology) that can act as key enablers for the creation of new rules to coordinate exchanges and interactions and for the transformation of crisis into opportunities for innovation.
The Implementation of Integrated Multichannel Services in the Hospitality Sector in Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Thi Khue Thu , Nguyen Phuong Thao , Le Dinh Thang , Dam Nguyen Anh Khoa
Published: February 2023

The research streams on multichannel integration (MCI) in the hospitality sector recently caught the attention of academics and practitioners. However, knowledge and understanding of integrated multichannel services are still unfamiliar to enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and enterprises in developing countries like Vietnam. Since this topic is limitedly exploited in the hospitality industry, the paper explores the opportunities and challenges for implementing integrated multichannel services in the hospitality sector in Vietnam based on the service science perspective. In the context of emerging digital technology and changing consumer behaviour today, an exploratory study on integrated multichannel services of hotels was conducted on eight hotel managers, eight online travel agencies (OTA), and sixteen domestic tourists. The results show the variety of channels of hotels can reach customers thanks to integrated multichannel services. However, the current situation of channel integration (between the direct and the indirect channel of the hotel through online travel intermediaries) is currently inconsistent. For this reason, challenges related to integrated services, promotion and price, and information access in the channel integration of the selected hotels have been explored. Since then, several solutions are suggested to accelerate MCI in the hospitality sector to stimulate demand for domestic tourism.
Impact of subsidy phase-out and credit trading policy tools on the competitive strategies of Chinese passenger car enterprises
Authors: Sun Bing , Yang Xue-ting , Zhong Shen , Kang Min , Liang Tian
Published: February 2023

In the context of subsidy phase-out and the tightening of credit trading policy tools, enterprises producing internal combustion engine passenger cars have also started to produce new energy passenger cars, creating a competitive market with new energy passenger car enterprises. To explore the operation strategies and profit fluctuations of two enterprises in passenger car market and credit trading market, this paper develops a duopoly competition game model. Based on solving a multi-objective equilibrium problem, and performing numerical simulations with real data on Chinese passenger car market, this paper analyzes the interactive impact of policy tools on market competition. The conclusions point out that the numerical relationship between the price of positive new energy credits and credit deficit penalty is decisive to enterprises’ pricing strategies. As the subsidy recedes, the competitiveness of new energy passenger car enterprise will decline. The policy tools at corporate average fuel consumption credit regulation level only have a negative interactive effect on hybrid energy passenger car enterprise’s pricing and production strategy. There is a threshold for the difference between corporate average fuel consumption up-to-standard value and actual value, below which hybrid energy passenger car enterprise will produce more new energy passenger cars than internal combustion engine passenger cars. The tightening of policy tools at new energy credit regulation level will drive both enterprises to raise price and reduce yield.
Complete Resolution of Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis Secondary to Maternal Syphilis Infection
Authors: Dinicu Andreea , Penalosa Patrick , Crosland Brian A. , Steller Jonathan
Published: February 2023

Maternal syphilis infection is a common infectious cause of nonimmune hydrops fetalis. Generally, hydrops fetalis is equated with poor prognoses in affected pregnancies. A 38-year-old G5P2114 presented at 285/7 weeks' gestation with newly diagnosed primary syphilis infection, sonographic findings of hydrops fetalis, and elevated middle cerebral artery Dopplers concerning for fetal anemia. Following treatment with intramuscular penicillin, the symptoms of hydrops fetalis were resolved and our patient delivered a healthy male neonate with no signs of congenital syphilis at the time of delivery. Routine and early testing for syphilis is an important component of prenatal care. Though not previously documented, the secondary findings of suspected fetal syphilis may be able to completely resolve in utero with penicillin treatment.
Dehydroxylative Cyanation of Alcohols Promoted by Triphenyphosphine/1,2-Diiodoethane
Authors: Lin Jin-Hong , Xiao Ji-Chang , Luo Ling
Published: February 2023

A Ph3P/ICH2CH2I-promoted dehydroxylative cyanation of alcohols has been developed. In contrast to previous dehydroxylative cyanation methods that can suffer from several limitations, such as the use of transition metals or moisture-sensitive Lewis acids, this protocol features convenient operations, mild reaction conditions, and the use of cheap and widely available reagents.
Manganese-Mediated Aerobic Oxidative Denitroalkylation of β-Nitrostyrenes with Alkylboronic Acids
Authors: Guo Sheng-rong , Yu Zi-yuan , Hu Jing-jiang , Yu Ya-xuan , Yuan Yan-qin
Published: February 2023

An aerobic oxidative stereoselective denitroalkylation of β-nitrostyrenes under mild conditions by using an alkylboronic acid as the alkyl source was achieved. This protocol accepts a broad scope of β-nitrostyrenes and alkylboronic acids, leading to the formation of C(sp3)–C(sp2) bonds. Air was employed to reoxidize the resultant Mn(II) species back to Mn(III) during the catalytic cycle.
Heterotopic Ossification in Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Seijas Roberto , Barastegui David , Celis Carlos López de , Montaña Ferran , Cuscó Xavier , Cugat Ramón
Published: February 2023

Introduction Hip arthroscopy is a rising surgical technique due to the increase in hip diseases, especially femoroacetabular impingement. One of the several complications related to such procedures is heterotopic ossifications (HO). The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of HO after hip arthroscopy in a series of patients with femoroacetabular impingement and to compare its preoperative and intraoperative variables with a matched control group of patients without HO.

Methods All patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement between 2010 and 2017 with a minimum follow-up of 2 years were included in this analysis. Radiographic examinations were recorded to select cases with HO. A case-control analysis was performed comparing preoperative and intraoperative variables between cases with HO and a matched control group without HO.

Results A total of 700 cases were included in the analysis. HO was found in 15 (2.14%) of subjects. Cases with HO showed more severe cartilage injuries, less cam morphology ratio, and a higher proportion of partial labrectomies than the control group. No significant differences were observed in preoperative hip pain or function between groups.

Conclusions The prevalence of HO after hip arthroscopy in subjects with femoroacetabular impingement was 2.14%. Cases with HO had more severe cartilage injuries, lower ratio of cam morphology, and higher proportion of partial labrectomies than the control cases without HO.

Level of Evidence Level III.
Challenges with Adjuvant Radiation for Intracranial Chondrosarcoma in Pregnancy
Authors: Yadav Arun , Goyal Shikha , Madan Renu , Singh Ranjit , Chitkara Aarti , Khosla Divya
Published: February 2023

Background

Managing a brain tumor during pregnancy is a highly confusing and challenging situation, complicated by several technical, medical, ethical, and sociocultural concerns. The interests of the mother and child are often pitted against each other, for which legal opinion may occasionally be needed.

Case Report

We present the report of a young lady with intracranial well-differentiated chondrosarcoma who was determined to be pregnant in the immediate postoperative period. We discuss the management of challenges and dilemmas in devising optimum therapy, and the modifications and care required at each step to help safeguard maternal and fetal health. Risks with therapeutic radiation and measures to assess and pre-empt fetal doses that may assist decision-making are also discussed.

Conclusion

Radiation therapy during pregnancy is challenging and requires multidisciplinary involvement and psychosocial support for the patient and family.
The elliptic Ginibre ensemble: A unifying approach to local and global statistics for higher dimensions
Authors: Akemann G. , Duits M. , Molag L. D.
Published: February 2023

The elliptic Ginibre ensemble of complex non-Hermitian random matrices allows us to interpolate between the rotationally invariant Ginibre ensemble and the Gaussian unitary ensemble of Hermitian random matrices. It corresponds to a two-dimensional one-component Coulomb gas in a quadrupolar field at inverse temperature β = 2. Furthermore, it represents a determinantal point process in the complex plane with the corresponding kernel of planar Hermite polynomials. Our main tool is a saddle point analysis of a single contour integral representation of this kernel. We provide a unifying approach to rigorously derive several known and new results of local and global spectral statistics, including in higher dimensions. First, we prove the global statistics in the elliptic Ginibre ensemble first derived by Forrester and Jancovici [Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 11, 941 (1996)]. The limiting kernel receives its main contribution from the boundary of the limiting elliptic droplet of support. In the Hermitian limit, there is a known correspondence between non-interacting fermions in a trap in d real dimensions Rd and the d-dimensional harmonic oscillator. We present a rigorous proof for the local d-dimensional bulk (sine) and edge (Airy) kernel first defined by Dean et al. [Europhys. Lett. 112, 60001 (2015)], complementing the recent results by Deleporte and Lambert [arXiv:2109.02121 (2021)]. Using the same relation to the d-dimensional harmonic oscillator in d complex dimensions Cd, we provide new local bulk and edge statistics at weak and strong non-Hermiticity, where the former interpolates between correlations in d real and d complex dimensions. For Cd with d = 1, this corresponds to non-interacting fermions in a rotating trap.
Asymptotic analysis for 1D compressible Navier–Stokes–Vlasov equations with local alignment force
Authors: Shi Xinran , Su Yunfei , Yao Lei
Published: February 2023

We consider the initial-boundary value problem of compressible Navier–Stokes–Vlasov equations under a local alignment regime in a one-dimensional bounded domain. Based on the relative entropy method and compactness argument, we prove that a weak solution of the initial-boundary value problem converges to a strong solution of the limiting two-phase fluid system. This work extends in some sense the previous work of Choi and Jung [Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. 31(11), 2213–2295 (2021)], which considered the diffusive term ∂ξξfɛ in the kinetic equation. Note that the diffusion term was not considered in this paper.
Large deviations for quadratic functionals of stable Gauss–Markov chains and entropy production
Authors: Zamparo Marco , Semeraro Massimiliano
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we establish a large deviation principle for the entropy production rate of possible non-stationary, centered stable Gauss–Markov chains, verifying the Gallavotti–Cohen symmetry. We reach this goal by developing a large deviation theory for quasi-Toeplitz quadratic functionals of multivariate centered stable Gauss–Markov chains, which differ from a perfect Toeplitz form by the addition of quadratic boundary terms.
Influence of the positron implantation profile on the study of the defect depth distribution by the positron annihilation technique
Authors: Dryzek Jerzy
Published: February 2023

The formulas obtained for deconvolution of positron mean lifetime results in the sequential etching technique for detecting defect depth profiles are presented. In this experiment, only the conventional positron lifetime measurement with radioisotope-based positrons is used. The important role of the positron implantation profile is discussed. These formulas were successfully used to describe the depth profile of defects formed in sliding contact in pure vanadium. Two different layers were detected below the surface.
Physics-informed neural networks for gravity currents reconstruction from limited data
Authors: Delcey Mickaël , Cheny Yoann , Kiesgen de Richter Sébastien
Published: February 2023

The present work investigates the use of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of unsteady gravity currents from limited data. In the PINN context, the flow fields are reconstructed by training a neural network whose objective function penalizes the mismatch between the network predictions and the observed data and embeds the underlying equations using automatic differentiation. This study relies on a high-fidelity numerical experiment of the canonical lock-exchange configuration. This allows us to benchmark quantitatively the PINNs reconstruction capabilities on several training databases that mimic state-of-the-art experimental measurement techniques for density and velocity. Notably, spatially averaged density measurements by the light attenuation technique (LAT) are employed for the training procedure. We propose an experimental setup that combines density measurement by LAT and two independent planar velocity measurements by particle image velocimetry (PIV). The so-called LAT-2PIV setup gives the most promising results for flow reconstruction by PINNs, with respect to its accuracy and cost efficiency.
Comparative study of first-principles approaches for effective Coulomb interaction strength Ueff between localized f-electrons: Lanthanide metals as an example
Authors: Liu Bei-Lei , Wang Yue-Chao , Liu Yu , Xu Yuan-Ji , Chen Xin , Song Hong-Zhou , Bi Yan , Liu Hai-Feng , Song Hai-Feng
Published: February 2023

As correlation strength has a key influence on the simulation of strongly correlated materials, many approaches have been proposed to obtain the parameter using first-principles calculations. However, a comparison of the different Coulomb strengths obtained using these approaches and an investigation of the mechanisms behind them are still needed. Taking lanthanide metals as an example, we research the factors that affect the effective Coulomb interaction strength, Ueff, by local screened Coulomb correction (LSCC), linear response (LR), and constrained random-phase approximation (cRPA) in the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package. The UeffLSCC value increases from 4.75 to 7.78 eV, UeffLR is almost stable at about 6.0 eV (except for Eu, Er, and Yb), and UeffcRPA shows a two-stage decreasing trend in both light and heavy lanthanides. To investigate these differences, we establish a scheme to analyze the coexistence and competition between the orbital localization and the screening effect. We find that LSCC and cRPA are dominated by the orbital localization and the screening effect, respectively, whereas LR shows the balance of the competition between the two factors. Additionally, the performance of these approaches is influenced by different starting points from the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) and PBE + U, especially for cRPA. Our results provide useful knowledge for understanding the Ueff of lanthanide materials, and similar analyses can also be used in the research of other correlation strength simulation approaches.
Enhanced performance of a self-propelled flexible plate by a uniform shear flow and mechanism insight
Authors: Luo Xian-Guang , Gao An-Kang , Lu Xi-Yun
Published: February 2023

The hydrodynamics of a two-dimensional self-propelled flexible plate in a uniform shear flow is explored using a penalty-immersed boundary method. The leading edge of the plate is enforced into a prescribed harmonic oscillation in the vertical direction but free to move in the horizontal direction. It is found that as the shear rate increases, the input power, the propulsive velocity, and the efficiency increase. This finding means that the plate enables to get substantial hydrodynamic benefits from the shear flow. Using the force decomposition method based on the weighted integral of the second invariant of the velocity gradient tensor, the hydrodynamic force exerted on the plate is decomposed into a body-acceleration force, a vortex-induced force, and forces due to viscous effects. The results show that the body-acceleration force is the main driving force of the self-propelled motion, and that it is almost invariant with the shear rate. The vortex-induced force offers a significant contribution to the drag, and it decreases with the shear rate. The viscous friction force provides a pure drag, and it increases with the propulsion velocity. Further investigation on the vortex evolution and the vortex-induced force shows that the incoming shear flow destroys the trailing-edge vortex that sheds during the downward half period and, therefore, reduces the vortex-induced drag, which is the reason for the enhanced propulsive performance in the shear flow. The result obtained in this study provides new insight into the self-propulsion mechanism in complex incoming flows.
Effects of vortex generator on the hydrodynamic characteristics of hydrofoil and horizontal axis tidal turbine
Authors: Liu Yonghui , Zhe Haonan , Xue Yu , Tan Junzhe , Yuan Peng , Zhang Qin
Published: February 2023

Tidal turbine blades are prone to flow separation in the boundary layer under high speed or high angle of attack, which will reduce energy efficiency and even the stall damage of the blades. This paper proposes introducing the flow control theory of vortex generators (VGs) to tidal turbines and studying the influence of VGs on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the tidal turbine blades. First, a numerical study is performed to investigate the effects of VGS on the hydrodynamic performance of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) 4418 hydrofoil. The impact of different parameters, such as VG arrangement, spacing, height, and length, on the hydrodynamic performance of hydrofoil is studied by the computational fluid dynamics method. The results show that VGs can effectively suppress the flow separation and improve the maximum lift coefficient of the hydrofoil. The influence of VGs on flow separation characteristics of horizontal axis tidal turbines is studied by the CFD method. The results show that the flow separation of turbine blades mainly occurs at the root part of the suction surface, and the flow separation region expands radially as the flow velocity increases. VGs can effectively reduce the flow separation area on the suction side of turbine blades by suppressing the flow separation effect. Compared with the turbine blades without VGs, the power coefficient of turbine blades with VGs is increased by up to 5%. The flume experiment verifies the accuracy of the simulation results.