bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of heritability estimates and their genetic variability for yield traits and its components in yellow maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Yasser Hamad Humada  , Raeed Mejbel Abdullah  , Farhan Khaleel Hussein
Published: December 2024

The experiment was conducted in one of the farmers' fields affiliated with the Kirkuk Irrigation Project for the agricultural season (2022-2023). Ten genetic materials (Gimbson , Saganto,DK6050, Agr-183, ZM47W, CML494, IK58, ZP505, ZP670, ZP197) of yellow maize (Zea mays L.) were used in this study. These materials were involved in diallel crosses and were planted in a farmer's field in Kirkuk province using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were recorded for traits such as number of ears per plant, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row, number of kernels per ear, 300-kernel weight, and individual plant yield. The results showed that the general combining ability variance components were more significant than one for all the studied traits. There were significant effects of general combining ability in the desired direction for parent (8) for all studied traits. Meanwhile, significant effects of specific combining ability in the desired direction were observed in the crosses (1×3), (1×8), (1×10), (2×5), (2×6), (7×10), and (9×10) for most of the traits. These crosses can be utilized to select individuals who combine the desired traits in segregating generations.
Role of microbes in the bioremediation of hydrocarbons, pesticides and municipal wastes
Authors: Aryadeep Roychoudhury  , Anushree Sadhu  , Rohita Sarkar
Published: December 2024

With the rapid explosion of industrialization and human population, the levels of pollutants in the environment have become alarmingly high. Many of these persist in the biosphere for a long period of time and cannot be degraded by physico-chemical methods. Microbes with their nutritional diversity can metabolize a vast range of substrates; thus, microbial degradation has been explored for the purpose of reducing the levels of these persistent pollutants. In general, microbial degradation is preferred because it uses the inherent ability of the microbes to metabolize toxic compounds and hence is cost-effective as well as eco-friendly. The microbes involved are mostly bacteria and fungi from marine and soil environment. It is important to understand the physiology and biochemistry of the microbes as well as microbial consortia involved in order to optimize the process of bioremediation. In this review, we discuss the three major categories of pollutants, viz., hydrocarbons from petrochemical industries, pesticides and municipal wastes including solid wastes and wastewater. For each of these areas of microbial degradation, we discuss the different kinds of wastes generated, limitation of physico-chemical methods, the microbial species or consortium involved in the degradation, insight into the mode of action or mechanisms of enzymatic breakdown and the factors affecting the efficiency of the microbes.
Cannabis sativa: Extraction Methods for Phytocannabinoids -An Update
Authors: Ravindra B. Malabadi  , Kiran P. Kolkar  , Raju K. Chalannavar  , Himansu Baijnath
Published: December 2024

This review paper highlights and updates the recent robust extraction methods for phytocannabinoids, hydrodynamic extraction technology and use of vegetable oil as the solvent system. Hydrodynamic cannabis extraction is a recent development within the cannabis industry that can be used to produce full-spectrum cannabis extracts with high bioavailability. According to the patented hydrodynamic extraction technology by Clean Green Biosystems, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, the system is the first of its kind to be able to use whole, freshly harvested cannabis materials. Clean Green Biosystems, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India reports that Hydyne is innovative new hydrodynamic extraction system that uses the entire fresh plant materials to preserve all the unique phytochemicals and phytonutrients compounds in a full spectrum/broad spectrum extract. Hydrodynamic system converts the cannabis plant material into a cannabis nano-emulsion by means of hydrodynamic force and ultrasonification by breaking the cell walls of the plant material and releases them into the aqueous phase. PhytoXTM (USA) is another new hydrodynamic extraction system developed by IASO Inc (Incline Village, Nevada, USA) that can process whole, fresh, un-dried cannabis plants, which maximizes plant utilization, reduces processing costs, and increases yields. Many traditional extraction methods can not guarantee the integrity of unstable compounds. Hydrodynamic extraction is designed to use fresh and whole plants, ensuring these volatile molecules are kept intact. Additionally, the distillation prevents the phytocannabinoids from thermal degradation, further protecting molecule integrity. The aroma of the resultant cannabis products is stronger than traditional extracts. Because the plant material is frozen in the preparation stage of the system, it allows the aromatic compounds to remain intact.
Sustainable cooling solutions: Designing a zero-energy chamber with local materials in Eritrea
Authors: Jawed Ahmad Rizawi  , Habtom Berhan  , Hermon Hsabu  , Tomas Semere  , Yonatan Alem  , Mehari Ghebreyesus  , Jeevan Jyoti Kaushik
Published: December 2024

Tomatoes are one of the most widely consumed vegetables globally, yet they are also among the most perishable agricultural products, resulting in significant losses. In Eritrea, a low-income country, tomatoes hold great importance as a vital vegetable crop. To prolong the shelf life of tomatoes and other vegetables, controlled storage conditions, including temperature and humidity management, are essential. However, many small-scale farmers in Eritrea cannot afford expensive storage equipment for their harvested crops. This research aims to address this challenge by exploring the use of a zero-energy cooling chamber to extend the shelf life of raw tomatoes. The cooling achieved by this chamber also results in getting high relative humidity of the air in the cooling chamber from which the evaporation takes place relative to ambient air. A four side rectangular storage with total 0.175 cubic meter capacity, made of bricks; fine bed river sand, jute pad, PVC pipe having 16mm nominal diameter and it is reshaped in to square shape the edges connected by elbow connector placed at the upper center of cavity for keeping wet the sand with dimension of 78 x 78cm, a water tank with capacity of 20 litres connected to perforated PVC pipe for supplying water to the system. Results of the transient performance tests revealed that the zero energy cooling chamber storage temperature varied from ambient temperature by 17-20 oC. The environmental temperature at the period of test ranged over 25-32 oC. After construction of the structure, two stages (red and green mature) of sanmarzano variety tomato were tested. Data at 1, 5, 8,11,23,28 days was recorded and evaluated for firmness, color, general observation, and weight loss. As a result, those stored outside the chamber in ambient environment was in poor state and stayed only for 8 days in case of red tomatoes and 11 days in case of green mature tomato respectively, whereas tomato stored inside ZECC remained fresh at 23 and 28 days red ripe and green mature respectively.
A comprehensive study on sitagliptin in the treatment of Type-II Diabetes
Authors: M Pavan Kumar  , A Naga Akshay Kumar  , D Pooja  , M Ahalya  , SK Mastan Vali  , Y Yamini
Published: December 2024

Sitagliptin is an oral antihyperglycemic drug classified as a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor; commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It works by promoting insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon levels through the inhibition of incretin degradation in a glucose-dependent manner. As of 2013; it was the second-highest selling medication in the United States. This review highlights various analytical techniques for the quantification of sitagliptin; either alone or in combination with other agents. These methods include spectrometry; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS); liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS); capillary electrophoresis (CE); ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC); high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC); and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
PELATIHAN PUBLIK SPEAKING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU DAN KEPALA SEKOLAH BAGI SEKOLAH MUHAMMADIYAH
Authors: Nuryakin Nuryakin , Supangkat Gatot
Published: December 2024

Setiap individu memiliki ketrampilan komunikasi yang berbeda-beda dalam aktivitas profesi mereka. Ketrampilan dalam berkomunikasi memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia, terutama dalam pekerjaan keseharian mereka. Berkomunikasi adalah proses bertukar pesan dan informasi kepada indovidu lainnya sehingga memberikan dampak atau efek kepada audiens. Seni berbicara di depan umum, yang dikenal sebagai public speaking, merupakan salah satu bentuk komunikasi yang membutuhkan keterampilan khusus.  Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk pelatihan pelatihan public speaking. Pelatihan public speaking ini dilakukan pada guru dan kepala sekolah yang ada pada sekolah-sekolah Muhammadiyah Kota Ambon, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah dan Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat yang dilaksanakan sebagai bagian dari program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) dan diikuti oleh 40 peserta yang merupakan guru dan kepala sekolah. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kompetensi para guru dan kepala sekolah untuk meningkatkan kompetensi dalam berbicara di depan umum, memahami dasar-dasar public speaking, serta menguasai teknik dan strategi keterampilan berbicara di depan umum dalam hal ini adalah kompetensi guru dan kepala sekolah dalam mengajar kepada para siswa. Pelatihan ini berlangsung selama dua hari, di mana peserta mendapatkan materi dasar yang dikombinasikan dengan teknik public speaking. Proses pra-pelaksanaan diawali dengan observasi awal, diskusi sedang, adaptasi pelatihan, pretest, penyampaian materi, praktik, diskusi dan refleksi serta post test untuk mengukur pencapaian tujuan kegiatan. Hasil dari pelatihan menunjukkan peningkatan yang cukup baik. Para peserta mulai menguasai dasar-dasar public speaking, seperti meningkatkan rasa percaya diri, mengadopsi sikap ideal saat berbicara dengan memanfaatkan gestur dan gerakan tubuh (kontak mata, bahasa tubuh), serta mampu menyampaikan materi dengan baik menggunakan teknik-teknik public speaking.
Skrining Fitokimia dari Tiga Tanaman Famili Asteraceae dengan Berbagai Pereaksi Kimia
Authors: Saepudin Syumillah -
Published: December 2024

Tumbuhan famili Asteraceae banyak terdapat di Indonesia. Beberapa spesies dari famili Asteraceae seperti bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L.), kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata (L.)), dan ketul (Bidens pilosa L.) belum banyak diketahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekundernya. Skrining fitokimia adalah metode kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menelusuri adanya metabolit sekunder yang terkandung pada tanaman sehingga potensinya sebagai tanaman obat bisa digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kandungan golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder dari simplisia dan ekstrak etanol 96% daun bandotan, daun kirinyuh, dan daun ketul dengan menggunakan berbagai pereaksi kimia. Hasil yang diperoleh dari analisis kandungan golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder pada daun bandotan, daun ketul dan daun kirinyuh terdapat enam golongan senyawa metabolit sekunder diantaranya alkaloid, fenol, flavonoid, tanin, saponin, serta terpenoid.
Formulasi Sediaan Nutrasetikal Powder Drink Kulit Bawang Merah Brebes (Allium cepa L. var. aggregatum)
Authors: Febriani Alik Kandhita , Balfas Rifqi Ferry , Purwanti Yunika , Maesarah Ifani
Published: December 2024

Indonesia, known for its rich biodiversity, boasts many medicinal plants with significant development potential. One such plant is shallots (Allium cepa L.), a valuable vegetable commodity that plays an important role in society due to its economic and nutritional value. Shallots are rich in various secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, essential oils, kaempferol, flavonglycosides, phloroglucin, dihydroaliin, cycloaliin, metiallin, quercetin, and polyphenols, with sulfur also present in the tubers. This research aims to formulate shallot skin into a nutraceutical powder drink. Using experimental laboratory methods, we formulated the shallot skin powder drink and conducted physical tests on the preparation. The results indicated that while the formulations met the criteria for ash content, pH, dissolution time, flow time, and compressibility, not all formulas satisfied the requirements. Specifically, the shallot skin powder drink did not meet the standards for water content and angle of repose.
Pencegahan Kecurangan Pengelolaan Dana Desa: Peran Pengendalian Internal dan Masyarakat
Authors: Deza Indra Riyanto , Utomo Dwi Cahyo
Published: December 2024

Pengelolaan dana desa tidak terlepas dari berbagai permasalahan kecurangan yang dapat terjadi, oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dan menganalisis pencegahan kecurangan pengelolaan dana desa dari peran sistem pengendalian internal serta partisipasi masyarakat. Populasi dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada seluruh aparatur di 12 desa Kecamatan Gunungkencana dengan total responden sebanyak 104 responden. Metode analisis data menggunakan uji analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil temuan menunjukan bahwa variabel sistem pengendalian internal berpengaruh positif terhadap pencegahan kecurangan pengelolaan dana desa. Hal ini dikarenakan sistem pengendalian internal yang ada dan dijalankan oleh perangkat desa dengan intergritas tinggi akan berdampak dalam meningkatkan kesadaran pencegahan kecurangan. Selanjutnya partisipasi masyarakat berpengaruh positif terhadap pencegahan kecurangan pengelolaan dana desa. Karena peran dari masyrakat dibutuhkan sebagai pengawas ekternal dalam pengelolaan dana desa. Temuan ini dapat berkontribusi bagi perangkat desa dan masyarakat untuk terus meningkatkan kesadaran akan pencegahan kecurangan pengelolaan dana desa. Secara teoritis, penelitian ini dapat memberikan bukti empiris mengenai sistem pengendalian internal dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pencegahan kecurangan pengelolaan dana desa.
Global Research Trends on Environmental, Social and Governance: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Inayati Nur Isna , Isthika Wikan , Sulistiyanti Umi
Published: December 2024

Companies engage in ESG activities to achieve higher financial returns and to signal compliance in the market. The link between ESG and corporate financial performance is still not well established because much of the literature contains conflicting results and paradoxes. Through bibliometric analysis and meta-analysis, this research seeks to synthesize the literature on ESG performance and its impact on performance. Bibliometric analysis highlights leading scholars in the field, leading journals, institutions, countries, and an overview of highly cited articles in the field of sustainable finance. This study presents research trends and a future research framework is proposed based on the research gaps identified in this review.
Determinan niat auditor BPK RI untuk menggunakan teknologi audit berbasis analisis big data
Authors: Haq Muhammad Mukhlish , Sofyani Hafiez
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the factors that influence the intention of BPK RI auditors to want to use big data analysis methods in audit practice including system quality, performance expectations, and perceived usefulness. This study uses a questionnaire survey method with a sample consisting of BPK RI auditors throughout Indonesia. Respondents were then selected purposively with the criteria that auditors had used big data analysis in conducting audits. The number of auditors who participated in this study was 126 people. Hypothesis testing using Partial Least Square (PLS) technique. The results showed that system quality and performance expectations have a positive effect on perceived usefulness, and perceived usefulness has a positive effect on the intention to use big data analysis-based audit technology.
The Legal Consequences of Default in Consumer Financing with Fiduciary Guarantees by Debtors
Authors: Hayatuddin Khalisah , Mahfuz Abdul Latif , Putra Sanjaya , Is Muhamad Sadi
Published: December 2024

Providing the financing with a fiduciary charge will make it easy for the consumer. Not only they can get a loan, but they also retain possession of the collateral. However, if there is a default in consumer financing with a fiduciary guarantee by the debtor, it often creates legal consequences in practice. The focus of this paper is on legal consequences for parties who default on consumer financing with fiduciary guarantees. This type of normative research looks at legal provisions regarding creditor and debtor agreements on fiduciary guarantees. Thus, the conclusion was due to the law that there was a default in consumer financing with fiduciary guarantees that was able to collect bills. If repayment was not made, the creditor would sell collateral goods.
The Characteristics Contract of Syirkah Mudharabah Agreement in The Establishment of a Limited Liability Company
Authors: Martoyo Martoyo , Bin Haji Matali Azme , Eri Safira Martha
Published: December 2024

This research is that the forms of business entities in Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam still don’t accommodate a company system based on the provisions of Islamic law, but still rely on agreements underlying the parties in business activities that revolve around a particular product. The integration of Sharia principles in the contract to establish a business entity shows superior values that can be used as guidelines for company management based on Sharia principles. This research aims to find the characteristics contract of syirkah mudharabah contracts which can be used as a form of developing cooperation in agreements to establish limited liability companies. This paper uses normative research methods with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of this research show that the characteristics of the syirkah mudharabah contract in establishing a limited liability company include 4 (four) things, namely the legal subject or position of the parties in establishing the limited liability company, business capital managed, distribution of profits and losses from collaboration results, and responsibility limited capital owners. This research contributes new findings related to the contracts used in establishing limited liability companies to make them more effective and in line with current Sharia business conditions.
The Legal Cancellation Consequences of A Notarial Deed Due to The Elements Existence of Unlawful Acts (Case Study of Supreme Court Ruling Number 20 PK/PID/2020)
Authors: Andriani Ayu
Published: December 2024

As a public official, a Notary has the task of making deeds. The deed is an authentic piece of evidence to prove that a legal action has occurred between the two parties. Every authentic deed made by a Notary creates legal certainty. Therefore, notaries are required to always be careful and thorough in carrying out their official duties. However, in practice, in carrying out their duties, quite a few Notaries experience problems related to the deeds they make. Like the case that occurred in Supreme Court Decision Number 20 Pk/Pid/2020. Where the Notary is proven to have committed an unlawful act in making the deed and this results in the deed being invalidated. The cancellation of the notarial deed will result in the agreement between the two parties being no longer binding and all processes of transferring rights based on the deed becoming invalid and deemed to have never occurred. For this reason, it is hoped that notaries will always apply the principle of prudence, uphold dignity and professional code of ethics so that they remain wise in carrying out their official duties without harming any party.
Defining Legal Contours of Digital Identity Theft
Authors: Tantimin Tantimin , Febriyani Emiliya , Agustianto Agustianto , Hutauruk Rufinus Hotmaulana
Published: December 2024

The proliferation of digital technology has challenged the traditional understanding of identity and subsequently brings forth its own unique legal implications. Identity theft as a crime that has existed even before this development has also brought its own unique legal implications, particularly in the realm of criminal law. Using normative legal research method, this research aims to establish the boundaries around digital identity theft, to distinguish it from the traditional identity theft, to provide a more relevant and robust understanding of its criminality within the digital age. Results of this study highlight the gaps in Indonesia's current legal framework, emphasizing the need for a revised approach that distinctly addresses the complexities of digital identity theft. The research proposes a model of normative development aimed at refining legal definitions and enhancing enforcement mechanisms to better combat this modern crime. This model seeks to provide a more relevant and robust legal framework, ensuring that the legal system is responsive and adaptive to the challenges posed by digital advancements.
Analysis of Patent Troll Schemes and Their Arrangements in Indonesia
Authors: Adisena Arya Hidayat , Busro Achmad , Priyono Ery Agus
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this paper is to discuss patent trolls, analyse Indonesia's regulation of patent trolls, and raise awareness of patent trolls. This research uses normative legal research methods. Normative research is conducted by examining literature data. The data is analysed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The conclusions drawn from this research are (1) the main problem in enforcing the law against patent trolls is the difficulty in identifying the perpetrators, who cannot be recognised solely through their identity; (2) the changes to the definition of patent enforcement in Law 6/2023 complicate this identification more than the previous rules.
Indonesia vs. Thailand: Legal Challenges in Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Situmeang Ampuan , Sohheng Nipon , Silviani Ninne Zahara , Agustini Shenti , Rusdiana Shelvi
Published: December 2024

Agriculture, as a significant contributor to carbon emissions and climate change, needs to not only change its ways to a more sustainable practice but also revisit what has long been considered conventional agriculture practices to support sustainable development. This requires a comprehensive legal framework to ensure that the transition to sustainable agriculture is supported by structured and streamlined legal compliance that can balance stakeholders’ interests. Employing the comparative legal research method, this study aims to analyze the potentials and challenges of applying sustainability in agriculture, using the comparison between Indonesia and Thailand. The findings of this study suggest that Indonesia’s legal framework for sustainable agriculture, focusing on its single Sustainable Agriculture Law, is more comprehensive than Thailand’s multiple regulations, effectively supporting sustainability across various agricultural processes. This framework aligns well with SDGs 2, 12, 13, and 15, which are crucial for agricultural sustainability. Conversely, Thailand faces challenges due to normative gaps and requires a more unified legal framework to address these SDGs adequately.
Juridical Analysis of the Implementation of Consumer Protection Legislation in Digital Transactions
Authors: Abbas Nur Amalia , S Lazarus Tri , Sa’adah Nabitatus
Published: December 2024

Seeing the many conveniences presented by the internet, it is not surprising that Indonesia has recently continued to experience the development of online businesses ranging from small to large businesses. The development of technology in the business world has certainly encouraged the emergence of e-commerce using digital transactions. Digital transactions are transactions carried out by utilizing the internet. However, the widespread use of digital transactions is inseparable from the problems that occur such as fraud. This problem indicates that digital transactions carry significant risks.  The method used is normative juridical research, where in this research data analysis is carried out based on literature relevant to consumer protection. The results obtained are that consumer protection is an important right and needs to be a concern of the government. Consumer protection needs to be tightened due to threats in the form of defective products, inaccurate information, and one-sided terms
The Regional Supervisory Assembly’s Role in the Submission Delaying of the Notary Protocol by Heirs to Notary Recipient Protocol
Authors: Indarta Didiek Wahju , Damayanti Miranda
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the role of the Regional Supervisory Council (MPD) in overseeing the submission of the notary protocol by the heirs to the protocol recipient notary, as well as the impact of the delay in submission. The research method applied in the preparation of this research is normative legal research. Normative legal research is a method that focuses on the study of positive law, namely the law that applies at a certain time and place. Notarial protocols are important documents that function as state archives and legal evidence. In this context, MPD has the responsibility to ensure that heirs fulfill their legal obligations in submitting notarial protocols on time. This research identifies various factors that cause delays in submission, including heirs' lack of awareness and knowledge, complicated administrative processes, as well as indifference to legal obligations. In addition, the research also revealed the negative impact of the absence of effective sanctions against late submission of protocols, which can result in legal uncertainty, losses for related parties, and a decrease in the integrity of the legal system. The results show that to improve the effectiveness of MPD supervision, socialization efforts, strengthening regulations, and enforcement of clear sanctions are needed. Thus, this study provides recommendations to improve the notary protocol submission mechanism and increase heirs' compliance with their legal obligations.
The Governance of State Confiscated Goods & State Loot in the Storage House of State Confiscated Goods Class I Yogyakarta
Authors: Tuharea Dyah Ayu Aprilia , Yuska Syahrial
Published: December 2024

The protection of property rights in Indonesia is regulated in the 1945 Constitution article 28H paragraph 4. Confiscated goods and state loot confiscated or taken over by the authorities in the investigation process must be stored in the State Confiscated Goods Storage House (RUPBASAN). However, the governance of confiscated goods and loot at the Class I RUPBASAN Yogyakarta faces various problems that require more attention. Problem Formulation from this study What are the problems in the management of confiscated goods and loot in the Class I RUPBASAN Yogyakarta and how the role of the RUPBASAN is in line with the current goals of the Correctional Service. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the problems in the governance of confiscated goods and loot in the Class I RUPBASAN Yogyakarta as well as to provide recommendations for improvement and analyze how the role of the RUPBASAN position is in line with the current Correctional Objectives. Methods This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design of analysis. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results of this study show that several main problems were found in the governance of confiscated goods and confiscated goods in the Class I RUPBASAN Yogyakarta, including limited infrastructure, lack of human resources, and overlapping regulations. The role and position of the RUPBASAN in the Indonesian correctional system shows that although the RUPBASAN is not explicitly regulated in the Indonesian Law No. 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections, the presence of the RUPBASAN still has an important role in supporting the enforcement of human rights and must still be maintained at the Directorate General of Corrections. Recommendations for improvement include increased warehouse capacity, staff training, and clearer and more detailed policy revisions.
The Legal Responsibilities of A Notary as A General Official for Authentic Deeds related to the Criminal Action of Forgery
Authors: Heriyanti Heriyanti , Pakpahan Emir Syarif Fatahillah , Jeriko Tumanggor Togap
Published: December 2024

The Notary's Code of Ethics is a guideline for the attitude and behavior of a notary. It is necessary to maintain the quality of legal services to the public. In carrying out his duty, aside from referring to the Law of Notary, a Notary must also obey and act in accordance with the moral principles of notary practice in Indonesia. The supervision of notaries by the Notary Supervisory Board is to ensure that notaries always act in accordance with the legal principles that underlie their authority and can avoid abuse of the authority or trust given. This empirical research aims to determine the number of public complaints received by the Regional Notary Supervisory Council in Medan regarding alleged violations of the ethics code committed by Notaries, the effectiveness of supervision implementation and prevention of violations of the Notary ethics code by the Notary Supervisory Council during the last 4 (four) years of from 2018 to 2021. The research results of this study show that in 2018 there were 8 (eight) complaints, in 2019 there were 12 (twelve) complaints, in 2020 there were 24 (twenty four), and in 2021 there were 10 (ten). Notary Supervision by the Notary Supervisory Council is based on Law No. 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law No. 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary, Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia Number: M.02.PR.08.10 of 2004, Ministerial Decree Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia Number M.39-PW.07.10. 2004 and the role of the Regional Supervisory Board includes preventive purposes, namely reflecting on the position of the Notary Ethics Code in order to provide material related to the implementation of the position of Notary, participating in seminars, and checking Notary protocols.
Sentencing in Narcotics Criminal Offenses from the Perspective of Certainty and Justice
Authors: Laia Sri Wahyuni , Panggabean Mompang L.
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the sentencing practices in narcotics criminal cases, focusing on whether they align with the principles of legal certainty and justice. The central aim is to examine whether judges' rulings in such cases uphold the legal norms established in existing legislation, particularly in relation to mandatory minimum sentences and the cumulative imposition of penalties, such as imprisonment and fines. The research employs a normative or doctrinal legal method, analyzing legal statutes, court decisions, and legal commentaries related to narcotics offenses. By scrutinizing the sentencing framework, the study seeks to understand how legal norms influence judicial discretion and the extent to which sentencing practices maintain consistency with established laws. A key focus is on the potential discrepancies between in abstracto (legislation) and in concreto (court rulings), particularly when judges deviate from the minimum sentencing guidelines. This research is significant as it explores the balance between strict legal enforcement and the need for justice that considers the circumstances of each case. The findings are expected to contribute to ongoing discussions on legal reform, helping to develop a sentencing system that is both fair and consistent, ensuring that legal certainty and justice are upheld in narcotics-related offenses.
Bridging Legal Gaps: Harmonizing the Roles of BPBD, Bakesbangpol, and Bakorwil in Regional Governance
Authors: Setyonagoro Permadi , Bagijo Himawan Estu , Sutanto Slamet Hari , Kurniawan Yudiyanto Tri , Siwu Sonya Claudia
Published: December 2024

Good regulations are harmonious laws. Disharmony of laws and regulations gives rise to complex legal issues, at least problematic in the context of fulfilling the objectives of legal uncertainty. One of the dis harmonizations of existing regulations is the regulation regarding the existence of regional institutions in the form of bodies. By using a normative legal study method, this study found that there is a disharmonious form of regulatory material regarding the duties and functions of several regional apparatuses in the form of bodies in Indonesia. There are three regional apparatuses in the form of bodies that have different duties and functions as regulated in Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government and Government Regulation Number 18 of 2016 concerning Regional Apparatus, namely Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPPD), the National and Political Unity Agency (Bakesbangpol), and the East Java Province Regional Government and Development Coordinating Agency (Bakorwil). Findings of disharmony in regulatory matters like this have caused several regional government regulations in Indonesia to lack legal certainty. For this reason, it is important to immediately carry out efforts to harmonize the laws and regulations that regulate the duties and functions of regional apparatus in the form of bodies.
The Notary Position in The System of Corporation and Legal Contract Industry in Bangladesh
Authors: Misty Mousume Akter
Published: December 2024

Notaries play a vital role in preserving the integrity of legal transactions and upholding justice in the domain of legal systems. Examining the function of notaries and their adherence to ethical codes in Bangladesh is crucial as the nation develops and negotiates difficult legal issues. In order to clarify this important facet of the legal system, a thesis proposal titled "The Function of a Notary Position in the Legal Contract in the Bangladesh Industry" was created. This research seeks to provide important insights that can improve the effectiveness, transparency, and reliability of legal affairs in Bangladesh by exploring the complexities of notarial practices and the ethical principles that guide their responsibilities and moral conduct in the nation's legal system. The goal of the thesis, "The Function of a Notary Position in the Legal Contract in the Bangladesh Industry," is to investigate and evaluate notaries' importance and function in relation to legal contracts in the Bangladeshi market. The thesis examines several notary functions, including the legal framework that governs them, the roles and responsibilities of notaries, their impact on the enforceability and validity of contracts, and the overall effectiveness of notary services in Bangladesh, with the goal of ensuring legal compliance and protecting the interests of contracting parties. In addition, the thesis probably looks at how notary services have changed historically in Bangladesh, any laws or rules governing their practice, and any shortcomings or potential improvements to the current setup. Through thorough research, analysis, and possibly case studies or empirical data, the thesis may attempt to further our understanding of the role notaries play in facilitating contractual transactions and enhancing the security and legal certainty of business operations in the Bangladeshi industry.
Legal Protection of Persons with Mental Disabilities in Managing Inheritance Case Study of Dalu Village 10A
Authors: Ramadhani Tasyah Ramadhani , Irwan Irwan
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze the legal protection for people with mental disabilities in managing inheritance, focusing on a case study in Dalu 10A Village. From the perspective of Islamic law and the Civil Code, this research explores how their civil rights are protected. The research method used is a type of empirical legal research in qualitative research. The results show that although Law No. 19/2011 states that people with disabilities should be treated equally with the rest of society, in practice, people with mental disabilities are often denied their rights in inheriting property and face a lack of legal protection. This research highlights a case example in Dalu 10A Village, where the distribution of inherited property was not in accordance with existing provisions, demonstrating the need for improved understanding and implementation of disability rights protected by law. The research found that people with mental disabilities are categorized as legally incapable and unable to act in their personal interests, making the appointment of a guardian essential to preserve their rights. The application to become a guardian is submitted to the district court or religious court, in accordance with the regulations contained in Article 1 of Law No. 8/2016 and the Civil Code. This research provides insight into the challenges faced by people with mental disabilities in the context of estate management and emphasizes the importance of adequate legal protection to ensure their rights are respected and maintained.
The Defamation of Debt Posts on Social Media Accounts (Study of Medan District Court Decision NO. 3563/PID.SUS/2019/PN MDN)
Authors: Fauzi Masyhurul , Ginting Elvira Dewi
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze Medan District Court 3563/PID.SUS/2019/PN MDN related to the defamation case of Febi Nur Amelia who posted Fitriani Manurung's debt on a social media account. This research uses normative legal methods. The results showed that based on the Judge's decision number 3563/PID.SUS/2019/PN MDN, it was stated that the Defendant Febi Nur Amelia was not proven guilty of committing the crime of defamation as alleged by Fitriani Manurung through the charges at trial. As well as what has been proven, that the case is not included in the criminal act of defamation, because indeed what Febi Nur Amelia has done by posting debts on her social media account, namely through Instagram stories, is intended so that Febi's friend who is also a friend of Fitriani sees the post and tells her to the person concerned, namely Fitriani Manurung to immediately pay her debt, this was done by Febi because she could not contact Fitriani, because access such as her number and social media account had been blocked. Judges need to understand the background of the criminal offense in their decisions. To overcome juridical obstacles, adequate resources and reliable knowledge are needed for law enforcement officials, as well as sufficient budget for law enforcement facilities. The public also needs to receive legal education from law enforcement officials in dealing with legal issues.
Peran Guru Kejuruan Bidang Pertanian dalam Mempersiapkan Generasi Emas
Authors: Rojaki Much , Yuliana Belvi , Waluyo Ribut
Published: December 2024

This article examines specifically the role of vocational teachers in the field of agriculture in preparing the golden generation. The agricultural sector plays an important role in life but is becoming increasingly less popular among the younger generation as its successors. Vocational teachers in the field of agriculture are the spearhead in developing agricultural human resources in the world of education. This research methodology uses a qualitative approach with the data collection techniques used are observation and interviews where the resource person is a vocational teacher in the field of agriculture. Based on research results, the role of vocational teachers includes acting as a fosterer of student interest, parents at school, career guidance and counselling, professional developer, fosterer of entrepreneurial spirit and collaborator with the world of work and industry. Conclusion: The role of vocational teachers in agriculture is very important in preparing students to enter the workforce as Indonesian agricultural human resources
The Consumer Protection Efforts through the Inclusion of Non-Halal Information on Food Products
Authors: Hamonangan Josafat , Sakti Muthia
Published: December 2024

Indonesia, the largest Muslim-majority country, requires a substantial amount of food to meet the needs of its population. This research examines efforts to protect consumers through the inclusion of non-halal information on food products. The study focuses on the regulatory framework, including the Consumer Protection Law, Law No. 33 of 2014 on Halal Product Assurance, and relevant regulations in Indonesia. It aims to analyze how including non-halal information contributes to protecting consumer rights concerning food products. Employing a juridical-normative approach, the research utilizes literature review and interviews. The findings underscore the importance of transparency regarding the halal status of products for consumers, with the inclusion of non-halal information serving as a protective measure for consumer rights. It reaffirms the business actor’s responsibility to provide such information on products not meeting halal standards. The study reveals that regulations mandating the inclusion of non-halal information can uphold the right to information for Muslim consumers. Should consumer rights remain unmet, individuals retain the option to seek legal recourse through civil, criminal, and administrative avenues. This research contributes to comprehending consumer protection practices concerning the halal status of food products in Indonesia. It lays the groundwork for policy enhancements and raising producer awareness of consumer rights in the context of halal food products.
Building a Strong Constitutional Court as Ideal State Institution
Authors: Prasetyo Dossy Iskandar
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the Strengthening of the Constitutional Court, in the sense of what strengthening needs to be done to strengthen the Constitutional Court in carrying out its constitutional duties. The duties in question include: guardian and interpreter of the constitution, protector of human rights, protector of citizens' constitutional rights, and protector of constitutional democracy. The ideal Constitutional Court must have all the requirements needed to carry out all of these duties relatively perfectly. It must be fit in various aspects: substance, structure, and culture. The study of the problem was conducted using the flow and working methods of doctrinal legal research of the theoretical research type, namely: research which fosters a more complete understanding of the conceptual bases of legal principles and of the combined effect of a range of rules and procedures that touch on a particular area of activity. The results of the study found that there are 7 (seven) aspects that need strengthening: (1). Strengthening Lawyer Statesman, (2). Strengthening the pattern of judge recruitment, (3). Expanding Authority, (4). Strengthening Professionalism, (5). Strengthening Accountability, (6). Strengthening Burden of Proof, (7). Strengthening the Honeste Vivere Culture.
χειρσί, χερσί (Phryn. Ecl. 115)
Authors: Merisio Elisa Nuria
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the dative forms χειρσί and χερσί, discussed in the Atticist lexicon Phryn. Ecl. 115.
ψύλλα, ψύλλος (Phryn. Ecl. 306, Moer. ψ 2)
Authors: Merisio Elisa Nuria
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the nouns ψύλλα and ψύλλος, discussed in the Atticist lexica Phryn. Ecl. 306, Moer. ψ 2.
βασμός, βαθμός, ἀναβασμός, ἀναβαθμός (Phryn. Ecl. 295, Phryn. PS fr. *176, Moer. β 19)
Authors: Benuzzi Federica
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the forms βασμός, βαθμός, ἀναβασμός, and ἀναβαθμός, discussed in the Atticist lexica Phryn. Ecl. 295, Phryn. PS fr. *176, Moer. β 19.
κάκη, κακία (Moer. κ 29, Philemo [Vindob.] 395.9)
Authors: Andrea Pellettieri
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the nouns κάκη and κακία, discussed in the Atticist lexica Moer. κ 29, Philemo (Vindob.) 395.9.
κροτέω, κροταλίζω (Phryn. PS 68.13, Antiatt. κ 41)
Authors: Benuzzi Federica
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the verbs κροτέω and κροταλίζω, discussed in the Atticist lexica Phryn. PS 68.13, Antiatt. κ 41.
κάθησο, κάθου, κάθησαι, κάθῃ (Antiatt. κ 1, Antiatt. κ 2, Moer. κ 49, [Hdn.] Philet. 90, Orus fr. A 55.19, Orus fr. A 57.1‒9)
Authors: Benuzzi Federica
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the verbal forms κάθησο, κάθου, κάθησαι, and κάθῃ, discussed in the lexica Antiatt. κ 1, Antiatt. κ 2, Moer. κ 49, [Hdn.] Philet. 90, Orus fr. A 55.19, Orus fr. A 57.1‒9.
νῆες, ναῦς, νῆας (Phryn. Ecl. 140, Moer. ν 4, Thom.Mag. 245.1)
Authors: Gerbi Giulia
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the forms νῆες, ναῦς, and νῆας, discussed in the lexica Phryn. Ecl. 140, Moer. ν 4, Thom.Mag. 245.1.
χάραξ (Phryn. Ecl. 40, Phryn. PS 125.1–2, Poll. 1.162, Moer. χ 23)
Authors: Merisio Elisa Nuria
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the noun χάραξ, discussed in the Atticist lexica Phryn. Ecl. 40, Phryn. PS 125.1–2, Poll. 1.162, Moer. χ 23.
ἡδίων (Antiatt. η 5)
Authors: Benuzzi Federica
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the comparative ἡδίων, discussed in the Atticist lexicon Antiatt. η 5.
βράχιστος, βραχύτατος (Antiatt. β 27)
Authors: Benuzzi Federica
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the superlatives βράχιστος and βραχύτατος, discussed in the Atticist lexicon Antiatt. β 27.
ἐλέγοσαν, ἐγράφοσαν, ἐσχάζοσαν (Antiatt. ε 1)
Authors: Favi Federico
Published: December 2024

This article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the verbal forms ἐλέγοσαν, ἐγράφοσαν, and ἐσχάζοσαν, discussed in the Atticist lexicon Antiatt. ε 1.
An Unpublished Poem by Gabriel Aresti: “Errota gorria” (1955)
Authors: Kortazar Jon
Published: December 2024

The aim of this article is to present an unpublished poem by Basque poet Gabriel Aresti (1933-1975), one of the main innovators of Basque poetry and literature in the 1960s and 1970s, while also carrying out a study of the text presented here for the first time, and contextualizing the poet’s personal history.
Inhabiting a Chaos-World: Refugee Transnational Identities in Mohsin Hamid’s Exit West (2017)
Authors: Tosi Valerie
Published: December 2024

This article explores Mohsin Hamid’s novel Exit West (2017) combining principles pertaining to social geography, affect theory, and (post)migration studies with postcolonial theory. It aims to highlight how Hamid’s use of magical realism triggers political, philosophical, and socio-emotional reflections by condensing in the story arc the intercultural and intersubjective processes that characterise the migratory experience and the postmigrant condition. Firstly, it investigates how Exit West incorporates magical realism to represent the psychoemotional dynamics of migration and to problematize the concept of cosmopolitanism; secondly, it discusses how the novel promotes a re-thinking of migration identities and experiences in terms of affective transnationality; thirdly, it points out how the refugee communities represented in the novel are manifestations of a chaos-world in which identity formation is shaped by sociocultural encounters, multilingualism, media use, and processes of affiliation.