bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical functioning in the lumbar spinal surgery population: A systematic review and narrative synthesis of outcome measures and measurement properties of the physical measures
Authors: Kowalski Katie L. , Mistry Jai , Beilin Anthony , Goodman Maren , Lukacs Michael J. , Rushton Alison
Published: August 2024

Background

International agreement supports physical functioning as a key domain to measure interventions effectiveness for low back pain. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are commonly used in the lumbar spinal surgery population but physical functioning is multidimensional and necessitates evaluation also with physical measures.

Objective

1) To identify outcome measures (PROMs and physical) used to evaluate physical functioning in the lumbar spinal surgery population. 2) To assess measurement properties and describe the feasibility and interpretability of physical measures of physical functioning in this population.

Study design

Two-staged systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Methods

This systematic review was conducted according to a registered and published protocol. Two stages of searching were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Health & Psychosocial Instruments, CINAHL, Web of Science, PEDro and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. Stage one included studies to identify physical functioning outcome measures (PROMs and physical) in the lumbar spinal surgery population. Stage two (inception to 10 July 2023) included studies assessing measurement properties of stage one physical measures. Two independent reviewers determined study eligibility, extracted data and assessed risk of bias (RoB) according to COSMIN guidelines. Measurement properties were rated according to COSMIN criteria. Level of evidence was determined using a modified GRADE approach.

Results

Stage one included 1,101 reports using PROMs (n = 70 established in literature, n = 67 developed by study authors) and physical measures (n = 134). Stage two included 43 articles assessing measurement properties of 34 physical measures. Moderate-level evidence supported sufficient responsiveness of 1-minute stair climb and 50-foot walk tests, insufficient responsiveness of 5-minute walk and sufficient reliability of distance walked during the 6-minute walk. Very low/low-level evidence limits further understanding.

Conclusions

Many physical measures of physical functioning are used in lumbar spinal surgery populations. Few have investigations of measurement properties. Strongest evidence supports responsiveness of 1-minute stair climb and 50-foot walk tests and reliability of distance walked during the 6-minute walk. Further recommendations cannot be made because of very low/low-level evidence. Results highlight promise for a range of measures, but prospective, low RoB studies are required.
Anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG seroprevalence in the general population in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis, 2000–2023
Authors: Hamidi Faezeh , Rostami Ali , Hosseini Seyed Abdollah , Calero-Bernal Rafael , Hajavi Jafar , Ahmadi Reza , Pazoki Hossein
Published: August 2024

Toxoplasmosis ranks among the most prevalent parasitic diseases globally. It seems that chronic toxoplasmosis is associated with several neuropsychiatric and other harmful effects in infected people, therefore, there is a need to investigate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis across various world regions. In this study, we conducted a meticulous meta-analysis to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies within the general population in Iran (GPI). International and national scientific databases for studies published between January 1, 2000, and September 30, 2023, were searched. Observational studies reporting anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence in the GPI was selected/included. The data were synthesized using a random-effects model to calculate with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) the national and regional anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence rates in Iran. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate the frequency of exposition to T. gondii in different socio-demographic, climatic, and geographical scenarios. From 18661 identified studies, 327 were included in the present meta-analysis, encompassing 122,882 individuals across the 31 Iranian provinces. The pooled nationwide anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence among the GPI was determined to be 32.9% (95% CI: 30.9–35.1%). The highest anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence was observed in Mazandaran province (North of Iran) (61%), whereas the lowest was in Semnan province (12.5%).Anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence demonstrated a higher occurrence in provinces characterized by moderate temperatures of 16–21°C, high relative humidity, and annual precipitation. Additionally, a higher anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence was identified among individuals with a habit of consumption of undercooked meat, raw fruits or vegetables, and untreated water. Moreover, those reporting direct contact with cats, possessing a lower level of education, residing in rural areas, being engaged in farming occupations, or playing the role of housewives exhibited higher anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence figures.The anti-T. gondii IgG seroprevalence within GPI closely aligns with the estimated worldwide average exposition rates. This underscores the imperative for public health policymakers to prioritize educational efforts regarding toxoplasmosis transmission pathways and its link to harmful effects.
Reduction in diarrhea cases following implementation of COVID-19 hand hygiene interventions in Ghana: A causal impact analysis
Authors: Adu George Asumah , Amegah Kingsley E. , Addo Henry Ofosu , Andoh Theresa , Duvor Ferguson , Antwi Gladys , Peprah Nana Yaw , Kenu Ernest , Bekoe Franklin Asiedu , Malm Keziah L.
Published: August 2024

Background

The human hand has constant contact with the environment, hence requires regular hand hygiene. Hand hygiene has gained recognition because of the COVID-19 pandemic and is a largely effective, affordable preventive measure against infectious diseases. This study used both national and sub-national analyses to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 handwashing guidelines on instances of diarrhea in Ghana.

Methods

Data on diarrhea cases spanning February 2018 and March 2022 were retrieved from the District Health Information Management System (DHIMS 2) using a data extraction guide. The data were summarized using descriptive statistics. The difference in diarrhea cases between the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods was measured using a two-sample t-test across Ghana’s 16 administrative areas. Causal Impact package in R statistical software was employed to determine the impact of the introduction of COVID-19 hand hygiene protocols on diarrheal disease.

Results

A total of 5,645,533 diarrheal cases reported between February 2018 and March 2022 through the routine MIS (DHIMS2) were examined. Fifty-three percent of the cases occurred before the introduction of the hand hygiene protocol. Descriptive statistics indicated a statistically significant decrease in average diarrheal cases during the hand hygiene implementation era (13,463 cases reduction, p<0.001). Sub-national analyses revealed significant reductions in various regions: Greater Accra, Ashanti, Ahafo, Central, Eastern, Northern, Upper East, Upper West, and Volta (p<0.05). Causal impact analysis confirmed 11.0% nationwide reduction in diarrheal cases attributed to the COVID-19 hand hygiene protocols (p<0.001).

Conclusion

This study underscores the effectiveness of COVID-19 hand hygiene protocols in reducing diarrheal morbidity in Ghana, with varying regional impacts. These findings advocate for the sustenance of investments and commitments made at the COVID hand hygiene protocols, particularly in this era where the pandemic appears controlled.
Insights into hospitalization pattern for drug, medicament, and biological substance poisoning, adverse effect, and underdosing in Australia: An ecological study between 1998 and 2019
Authors: Naser Abdallah Y.
Published: August 2024

Background

Drug, medicament, and biological substance poisoning, adverse effects, and underdosing are significant public health concerns. Gaining insight into the patterns and trends in hospitalizations caused by these occurrences is essential for the development of preventative initiatives, optimization of treatment regimens, and improvement of patient safety. The aim of this study is to examine the trend of hospitalisation related to poisoning by, adverse effect of and underdosing of drugs, medicaments and biological substances in Australia between 1998 and 2019.

Methods

This is an ecological descriptive study that examined hospitalisation related to poisoning by, adverse effect of and underdosing of drugs, medicaments and biological substances in Australia between 1998 and 2019. A nationwide hospital admissions database was used for this study.

Results

Between 1998 and 2019, a total of 683,869 hospital admission episodes were recorded in Australia. The overall annual number of hospital admissions for various reasons increased by 20.5% from 29,854 in 1998 to 35,960 in 2019, representing a decrease in hospital admission rate of 10.6% [from 158.69 (95% CI 156.90–160.49) in 1998 to 141.91 (95% CI 140.44–143.37) in 2019 per 100,000 persons, trend test, p<0.05]. Overnight-stay admissions accounted for 69.2% of the total number of hospital admissions, and 30.8% were same-day admissions. Rates of same-day hospital admission decreased by 13.3% [from 50.55 (95%CI 49.54–51.57) in 1998 to 43.81 (95%CI 43.00–44.63) in 2019 per 100,000 persons]. Rates of overnight-stay hospital admission decreased by 11.1% [from 108.14 (95%CI 106.66–109.63) in 1998 to 96.17 (95%CI 94.96–97.38) in 2019 per 100,000 persons]. Admissions related to antiepileptic, sedative-hypnotic and antiparkinsonism drugs was the most prevalent hospital admissions type accounting for 26.8%. Females were responsible for 418,751 hospital admission episodes, representing 61.5% of the total number of hospital admission.

Conclusion

This study found that while the overall annual number of admissions increased, the rate of admission decreased over the same period. The most common reasons for admissions were antiepileptic, sedative-hypnotic, and anti-parkinsonism drugs. The study also noted increases in admissions related to anaesthetics, therapeutic gases, hormones, and their synthetic substitutes. These findings suggest a concerning rise in the suboptimal use of these medications. In order to combat the increasing incidence of this type of admissions, it is imperative to strengthen public awareness initiatives on medicine safety and abuse.
COVID-19 IgG seropositivity and its determinants in occupational groups of varying infection risks in two Andean cities of Ecuador before mass vaccination
Authors: Leon-Rojas Jose E. , Arias-Erazo Fernanda , Jiménez-Arias Patricia , Recalde-Navarrete Ricardo , Guevara Angel , Coloma Josefina , Martin Miguel , Chis Ster Irina , Cooper Philip , Romero-Sandoval Natalia ,   on behalf of the Seroprevalence ECU-Group
Published: August 2024

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused over 68.7 million infections and 1.35 million deaths in South America. There are limited data on SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and its determinants from Andean countries prior to mass vaccinations against COVID-19.

Objective

To estimate SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and its determinants before vaccination in occupational groups of adults presumed to have different levels of exposure and associations with potential symptomatology.

Methods

We measured seropositivity of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in a cross-sectional study of vaccine-naïve adults aged 18 years and older, recruited within three occupational risk groups (defined as low [LR], moderate [MR], and high [HR]) between January and September 2021 in two Andean cities in Ecuador. Associations with risk factors were estimated using logistic regression.

Results

In a sample of 882 adults, IgG seropositivity for the three different occupational risk groups was 39.9% (CI 95% 35.3–44.6), 74.6% (CI 95% 66.4–81.4), and 39.0% (CI 95% 34.0–44.4) for the HR, MR, and LR groups, respectively. History of an illness with loss of taste and/or smell was significantly associated with seropositivity in all occupational groups, with adjusted ORs of 14.31 (95%CI, 5.83–35.12; p<0.001), 14.34 (95%CI 3.01–68.42; p<0.001), and 8.79 (95%CI 2.69–28.72; p<0.001), for the HR, MR, and LR groups, respectively; while fever was significant for the LR group with an adjusted OR of 1.24 (95%CI, 1.11–4.57; p = 0.025) and myalgia for the HR group with an adjusted OR of 2.07 (95%CI, 1.13–3.81; p = 0.019).

Conclusion

Notable proportions of seropositivity were seen in all occupational groups between January and September 2021 prior to mass vaccination. Loss of taste and/or smell was strongly associated with presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies irrespective of presumed occupational exposure risk.
Unveiling Shadows: Investigating women’s experience of intimate partner violence in Ghana through the lens of the 2022 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Dickson Kwamena Sekyi , Ayebeng Castro , Okyere Joshua
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health issue, predominantly among women in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana. Existing evidence indicates high rates of IPV perpetration and its associated adverse health outcomes. Despite previous studies, reliance on old data underscores the need for current, nationally representative data to inform policy-making and interventions. Therefore, this study utilizes the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS) to examine IPV experiences and associated factors, aiming to provide updated insights for effective IPV mitigation strategies in Ghana.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study of a weighted sample of 3,741 women between the ages of 15–49 years old from the 2022 GDHS. Binary logistic regression analysis was used in predicting the outcome.

Results

The study found that 36.4 percent of women in Ghana had experienced some form of IPV, primarily emotional violence (31.5%), physical violence (17.3%), and sexual violence (7.6%). Women with higher levels of education had a significantly reduced risk of 60% of experiencing some form of IPV than those with no formal education. Partner domineering behaviours, such as women whose partners often get jealous for seeing them talk with other men [adjusted OR:1.76, 95%CI:1.25,2.48], accusing them of unfaithfulness [adjusted OR:2.59, 95%CI:1.03,2.46], not permitting them to meet female friends [adjusted OR:1.1.59, 95%CI:1.03,2.46], and limiting their contact with family [adjusted OR:5.75, 95%CI:2.27,13.42], were more likely to experience at least one form of IPV. Similarly, women who justified or endorsed wife beating had a higher likelihood [aOR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.22,2.02] of experiencing at least one form of IPV than those who did not endorse such behaviour.

Conclusion

Identifying educational attainment, partner dominance, and violence endorsement as IPV predictors underscore targeted interventions. Promoting women’s education bolsters empowerment and IPV prevention. Addressing dominance through education, counselling, and legal frameworks is crucial for fostering safer relationships and challenging violence normalization.
Religious beliefs and practices toward HPV vaccine acceptance in Islamic countries: A scoping review
Authors: Kisa Sezer , Kisa Adnan
Published: August 2024

Background

Despite the availability of effective HPV vaccines, their acceptance in Islamic countries is often influenced by religious beliefs, practices, and misconceptions.

Objective

This review aimed to identify the current literature on the religious beliefs and any misconceptions toward HPV vaccine acceptance within the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries.

Method

Using key terms, a systematic search in MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL yielded 23 studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The scope of this review included all research articles published in English until October 31, 2023. A form based on the aim of the study was developed and used to extract the data.

Results

The review highlights the complexity of the relationship between religious beliefs and HPV vaccine uptake. The findings reveal significant objections among a number of Muslims. Some of them believe vaccines lead to infertility and sexual promiscuity, defy religious norms, are a sneaky way to inject good Muslims with haram ingredients, and are an abandonment of righteous principles in general.

Conclusions

Vaccine hesitancy is a result of doubts regarding the vaccine’s safety, necessity, and compatibility with religious beliefs. It is recommended to encourage HPV vaccine uptake in Islamic countries by using public health strategies that adopt a holistic approach that incorporates religious, cultural, and social aspects.
COVID-19 prevention behaviors and dietary habits among undergraduate students: A health belief model approach
Authors: Liou Doreen
Published: August 2024

Physical and social disruptions resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting young adults in higher education. The purpose of this survey research is to unveil COVID-19 related beliefs using the Health Belief Model, and COVID-19 prevention behaviors, including self-reported fruit and vegetable consumption among university students. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 304 male and female undergraduate students from diverse ethnic backgrounds and majors at a New Jersey state university using convenience sampling. Variables measured included frequency of COVID-19 prevention behaviors (e.g.: wearing indoor mask, handwashing), and consumption of fruit and vegetables (dark green and orange vegetables) over the previous week. Health Belief Model constructs were assessed namely perceived susceptibility to COVID-19, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy. Statistical distributions were computed for the entire sample and t-tests were investigated for subgroups of age and sex. The sample mean age was 21.7 (SD = 4.7) years with 222 females (73%) and 82 males (27%), and 46% identified as White, non-Hispanics. Participants consumed a mean of 0.95 cups of fruit, 0.81 cups of green vegetables, and 0.46 cups of orange vegetables. Female students practiced more COVID-19 prevention behaviors with a mean difference of 0.26 (p<0.001), perceived greater severity from the virus (Δ = 0.37, p = 0.002) and had stronger perceptions of benefits (Δ = 0.18, p = 0.041), barriers (Δ = 0.21, p = 0.046), and self-efficacy (Δ = 0.20, p = 0.020) than their male counterparts. Older students (aged 23 and above) adopted more COVID-19 prevention behaviors (Δ = -0.35, p = 0.001) and perceived less barriers (Δ = 0.24, p = 0.047) than their younger peers. Nutrition educators and health professionals need to emphasize the importance of adopting preventive health behaviors among university students as strategies to mitigate the severity of COVID-19. Addressing barriers younger male and female students may elevate their motivation and self-efficacy to enact health behaviors.
Oculomotor outcomes of cranial nerve palsy in patients with skull base tumors
Authors: Moon Yeji , Lee Byung Joo
Published: August 2024

Objectives

Skull base tumors, can cause oculomotor dysfunction, presenting a management challenge given their proximity to cranial nerves. This study investigated the oculomotor outcomes in patients with skull base tumors presenting cranial nerve palsy due to tumor compression and aimed to identify associated factors.

Methods

This retrospective observational cohort study enrolled patients diagnosed with primary skull base tumors who exhibited cranial nerve palsy due to tumor compression, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging treated at Asan Medical Center between January 2011 and December 2022. Patients were assessed for oculomotor function pre- and post-treatment, and categorized into recovery and non-recovery groups based on outcomes. Factors associated with oculomotor outcomes were also analyzed.

Results

Fifty-six patients were enrolled, with the majority (n = 37, 66.1%) demonstrating recovery in oculomotor function post-treatment. The duration from symptom onset to treatment initiation was short in the recovery group, suggesting that early treatment may contribute to improved oculomotor outcomes. The type of tumor was significantly associated with oculomotor outcomes, with patients with pituitary adenoma exhibiting better outcomes. In the recovery group, 19/37 (51.4%) patients underwent surgical resection alone. In contrast, in the non-recovery group, 17/19 (89.5%) patients received primary or adjuvant radiosurgery or radiation therapy.

Conclusion

Approximately 70% of patients with skull base tumors experienced recovery in oculomotor function post-treatment. The duration before treatment and the type of tumor were significantly associated with the oculomotor outcome. These findings aid neuro-ophthalmologists in predicting oculomotor outcomes for patients with skull base tumors, guiding management strategies for oculomotor dysfunction.
Collaborative attitudes and trust among medical and dental professionals in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aboalshamat Khalid , Alzahrani Emad , Maqlan Anas , Almatrafi Adel , Alsulami Abdulaziz
Published: August 2024

Background

Interprofessional collaboration involves coordinated efforts by individuals from different professions. Trust is defined as an individual’s willingness to be vulnerable within a relationship, while expecting the other party to act in their best interests. This study aimed to assess the attitudes of collaboration and trust among dental and medical professionals in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods

This cross-sectional study evaluated the attitudes of collaboration and trust among dental and medical professionals in Saudi Arabia using an online self-reported questionnaire distributed via social media. Data analysis was performed using SPSS.

Results

The overall mean score for collaborative attitude was 6.2 (SD  =  1.52), with 69.23% of participants exhibiting a positive attitude about collaboration. Participants rated family medicine (76.67%) and pediatric medicine (76.41%) as the medical specialties most relevant to dentistry, while obstetrics/gynecology was rated the lowest (32.31%). Dental professionals had a significantly higher mean score for collaborative attitude (m  =  6.46, SD  =  1.48) than did medical professionals (m  =  5.93, SD  =  1.51; p < 0.001). The score for dental professionals’ trust in medical professionals (DTM) (m  =  36.94, SD  =  8.06) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than the score for medical professionals’ trust in dental professionals (MTD) (m  =  33.81, SD  =  8.20). The collaborative attitude scores among dental and medical professionals were not statistically significant when tested against the MTD score (p  =  0.777) and DTM score (p  =  0.419).

Conclusions

There is a high level of collaborative attitude and trust between dental and medical professionals in Saudi Arabia. Dentists exhibit a higher degree of these attributes than medical professionals. These findings support the implementation of a collaborative medical–dental education framework in Saudi Arabia, where both specialties can train together during their undergraduate years.
Positive selection analyses identify a single WWE domain residue that shapes ZAP into a more potent restriction factor against alphaviruses
Authors: Huang Serina , Girdner Juliana , Nguyen LeAnn P. , Sandoval Carina , Fregoso Oliver I. , Enard David , Li Melody M. H.
Published: August 2024

The host interferon pathway upregulates intrinsic restriction factors in response to viral infection. Many of them block a diverse range of viruses, suggesting that their antiviral functions might have been shaped by multiple viral families during evolution. Host-virus conflicts have led to the rapid adaptation of host and viral proteins at their interaction hotspots. Hence, we can use evolutionary genetic analyses to elucidate antiviral mechanisms and domain functions of restriction factors. Zinc finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is a restriction factor against RNA viruses such as alphaviruses, in addition to other RNA, retro-, and DNA viruses, yet its precise antiviral mechanism is not fully characterized. Previously, an analysis of 13 primate ZAP orthologs identified three positively selected residues in the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-like domain. However, selective pressure from ancient alphaviruses and others likely drove ZAP adaptation in a wider representation of mammals. We performed positive selection analyses in 261 mammalian ZAP using more robust methods with complementary strengths and identified seven positively selected sites in all domains of the protein. We generated ZAP inducible cell lines in which the positively selected residues of ZAP are mutated and tested their effects on alphavirus replication and known ZAP activities. Interestingly, the mutant in the second WWE domain of ZAP (N658A) is dramatically better than wild-type ZAP at blocking replication of Sindbis virus and other ZAP-sensitive alphaviruses due to enhanced viral translation inhibition. The N658A mutant is adjacent to the previously reported poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) binding pocket, but surprisingly has reduced binding to PAR. In summary, the second WWE domain is critical for engineering a more potent ZAP and fluctuations in PAR binding modulate ZAP antiviral activity. Our study has the potential to unravel the role of ADP-ribosylation in the host innate immune defense and viral evolutionary strategies that antagonize this post-translational modification.
Different viral effectors hijack TCP17, a key transcription factor for host Auxin synthesis, to promote viral infection
Authors: Zhao Yanxiao , He Yong , Chen Xinyue , Li Ninghong , Yang Tongqing , Hu Tingting , Duan Shujing , Luo Xuanjie , Jiang Lei , Chen Xiaoyang , Tao Xiaorong , Chen Jing
Published: August 2024

Auxin is an important class of plant hormones that play an important role in plant growth development, biotic stress response, and viruses often suppress host plant auxin levels to promote infection. However, previous research on auxin-mediated disease resistance has focused mainly on signaling pathway, and the molecular mechanisms of how pathogenic proteins manipulate the biosynthetic pathway of auxin remain poorly understood. TCP is a class of plant-specific transcription factors, of which TCP17 is a member that binds to the promoter of YUCCAs, a key rate-limiting enzyme for auxin synthesis, and promotes the expression of YUCCAs, which is involved in auxin synthesis in plants. In this study, we reported that Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) infection suppressed the expression of YUCCAs through its interaction with TCP17. Further studies revealed that the NSs protein encoded by TSWV disrupts the dimerization of TCP17, thereby inhibit its transcriptional activation ability and reducing the auxin content in plants. Consequently, this interference inhibits the auxin response signal and promotes the TSWV infection. Transgenic plants overexpressing TCP17 exhibit resistance against TSWV infection, whereas plants knocking out TCP17 were more susceptible to TSWV infection. Additionally, proteins encoded by other RNA viruses (BSMV, RSV and TBSV) can also interact with TCP17 and interfere with its dimerization. Notably, overexpression of TCP17 enhanced resistance against BSMV. This suggests that TCP17 plays a crucial role in plant defense against different types of plant viruses that use viral proteins to target this key component of auxin synthesis and promote infection.
Közgáz diáktudós – Környezet, technológia, ember
Authors: Csordás Tamás , Mitev Ariel Zoltán , Wimmer Ágnes
Published: August 2024

Könyvsorozatunk legújabb kötete a Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem 2022-es Tudományos Diákköri Konferenciáján (TDK) helyezést elért dolgozataiból válogat. Ezúttal is arra kértük a kiválasztott munkák szerzőit, hogy legfontosabb eredményeiket a nagyközönség számára is érthetően és élvezeten foglalják össze. Emellett bemutatjuk a 2022-ben rendezett TDK díjnyertes dolgozatainak listáját. Sorozatunk tizenötödik tagjaként mostani kötetünk hívószavai a környezet, technológia, ember.
Review of thyroid Storm diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Singh Maneesh
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this posteris to provide a systemic review of diagnosis, treatment and complications of thyroid storm such as high output cardiac failure.
Mechanisms of neurotransmitter receptor subunit compatibility
Authors: Nomi E.
Published: August 2024

Pentameric ligand-gated ion-channels (pLGIC) are neurotransmitter receptors that mediate fast synaptic transmission and muscle contraction in all animals. Ligand binding allows either cations or anions to pass through the post-synaptic cell membrane and induce, or inhibit, muscle contraction, respectively. The pLGIC subunit family traces to before divergence of eukaryotes from prokaryotes and have since expanded to bind to a wide variety of ligands, while retaining a conserved structure. Understanding how the organization and function of pLGIC is regulated and how they evolve between different species is necessary to understand parasite anthelminthic resistance and its relation to model laboratory organisms. Duplication of a homomeric pLGIC, encoded by a single gene, to produce two different homomeric receptors, required an evolved mechanism of subunit exclusion to prevent the descendent gene products combining. This could be through physical, spacial, or temporal separation. Cel-ACR-20 and Cel-ACR-23 are paralogs that form homomeric betaine receptors in
C. elegans targeted by the anthelmintic monepantel (MPTL). They are recent orthologs of
Hco-mptl-1, also a homomeric, MPTL sensitive betaine receptor. It is unlikely that ACR-20 and ACR-23 form a heteromer
in vivo since MPTL resistance maps to
mptl-1 and
acr-23, but not
acr-20. This project investigates the physical interaction between ACR-20 and ACR-23 in
Xenopus oocyte electrophysiology through affinity and gating properties of homomeric and heteromeric mixtures and the ability of one truncated subunit to reduce expression of the other.
Educação, Produção de Artigos Científicos e IA: Um comentário acerca dos benefícios e desvantagens
Authors: Farias Athena de Albuquerque
Published: August 2024

: A inteligência artificial (IA) está revolucionando muitas partes da sociedade. A educação e a produção científica não são exceções. A combinação de IA com educação e pesquisa cria uma variedade de oportunidades e obstáculos que devem ser considerados com cuidado. Com base em pesquisas e opiniões de especialistas, este artigo examinará brevemente os benefícios e desvantagens do uso da IA na Educação e em especial, na produção científica. Este Editorial discute a aplicação de IA na produção de artigos científicos como forma de transformar positivamente a pesquisa acadêmica. No entanto, é fundamental abordar as questões éticas, de propriedade intelectual e de qualidade, para assegurar que essa transformação seja sustentável e benéfica para a comunidade científica. Isto demonstra a expansão contínua deste tema de pesquisa muito importante e particularmente atual.
Núcleo de Apoio à Gestão em Entidades Sociais: Uma Ferramenta para Promoção da Gestão e do Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Authors: Santos Emanoel Gomes dos , Cavalcante Cicero Gabriel Vieira , Chagas Milton Jarbas Rodrigues
Published: August 2024

Este trabalho tem o intuito de exprimir as ações de extensão do Núcleo de Apoio à Gestão em Entidades Sociais (NAGES), desenvolvidas no período de 2022 a 2023. Esse relato destaca a crescente importância da sustentabilidade, abordando o compromisso global com os Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. No contexto brasileiro pós-redemocratização, o terceiro setor surge como uma abordagem híbrida para promover o bem-estar social. Nesse sentido, o Projeto de Extensão NAGES, vinculado à Pró-reitoria de Extensão da Universidade Federal do Cariri, busca capacitar organizações do terceiro setor e conselhos municipais, focando em gestão orçamentária, financeira e práticas sustentáveis visando uma transformação cultural a partir da eficiência, eficácia e efetividade na utilização de recursos humanos e financeiros. Uma pesquisa exploratória em escolas públicas revela desafios na execução financeira-orçamentária e conhecimento sobre sustentabilidade. O projeto contribui não apenas para o desenvolvimento sustentável das organizações sociais, mas também para o crescimento acadêmico e profissional dos estudantes envolvidos, promovendo uma consciência crítica sobre a gestão eficiente e sustentável no terceiro setor.
Resepsi Tradisi Khataman Al-Qur’an di Masyarakat Sulawesi
Authors: Syarif Syarif , Qudsy Saifuddin Zuhri , Wan Mokhtar Wan Khairul Aiman
Published: August 2024

The Messawe tradition in Saiyyang Pattuqduq To Tammaq Mangayi in Mandar, West Sulawesi, represents an aesthetic reception of the Qur’an that involves a khatam ceremony with local cultural influences. This research aims to understand how this tradition functions as an expression of the collective identity of the Mandar people and the relationship between the Qur’anic text and the cultural practices. The research employs a qualitative methodology, including participant observation, in-depth interviews, and literature review. The findings indicate that first, this tradition reflects an aesthetic reception of the Qur’an that focuses not only on recitation but also on cultural and spiritual symbolism; second, the Messawe procession integrates local cultural elements with religious reverence, strengthening the collective identity of the Mandar community; third, this tradition demonstrates how sacred texts are responded to creatively and aesthetically, creating a relationship between religion and culture. The contribution of this research lies in a more holistic understanding of the role of the Qur’an in the social and cultural life of Muslims in Indonesia.
Delegitimasi Tradisi melalui Bingkai Penafsiran al-Qur’an: Analisis Model Dakwah Konservatif Channel YouTube RodjaTV
Authors: Dwi Putra Imam Muhajir , Hamdani Moh. Salman , Wijaya Roma , MS Moh Hisyam
Published: August 2024

The textual interpretation of various Quranic verses, particularly those relating to Indonesian societal traditions, reflects an ideological approach that is disseminated through the RodjaTV YouTube channel. The oral explanation of these meanings shapes the listener's perception, leading them to accept the presented interpretation as an accurate reflection of reality. This study aims to uncover the mechanisms through which tradition is integrated into the interpretation of Qur'anic verses. Employing a qualitative method with framing analysis, the research reveals that the explanation of verse meanings—particularly when directly connected to the context of the verse or the historical narrative of the people addressed—creates an analogy with Indonesian traditions. This analogy produces a discursive alignment that suggests a similar treatment and punishment are warranted. This core framing is presented in a unified narrative that serves to validate the perspective offered. The emerging imagery is reinforced through common phrases like “returning to the Qur'an” and “returning to the Sunnah”. The depiction of tradition as analogous to the realities faced by the communities mentioned in the verses is further emphasized by the repeated use of terms such as kafir (unbeliever), misguided, and ghalw (excessiveness). In this framework, desacralization occurs not through the distortion of specific terms, but by forming analogies that equate the targeted subjects of the verses with the traditions practiced in Indonesian society. As a result, these traditions are portrayed as parallel to the disbelief and transgressions of the earlier communities, who were the original focus of the Quranic verses.
Adaptasi Bahasa Sunda dalam Al-Amin Al-Qur’an Tarjamahan Sunda: Menelusuri Interaksi Budaya dalam Proses Penerjemahan Al-Qur'an
Authors: Farhan Rivki Lutfiya
Published: August 2024

This study examines the application of vernacularization in Al-Amin's translation of the Qur'an, aiming to understand how the adaptation of the Sundanese language influences the comprehension and reception of sacred texts within the local cultural context. The research focuses on the use of both buhun (ancient) and kiwari (modern) languages in the translation, with the goal of aligning the Qur'anic text with Sundanese cultural wisdom. Employing content analysis and Sally Engle Merry's theory of vernacularization, the study investigates how language adaptation reflects the interaction between the Qur'anic text and Sundanese culture. The findings indicate that Al-Amin's translation effectively integrates local cultural elements through the use of buhun language to preserve cultural identity and contemporary language to ensure relevance for modern readers. This balance between tradition and modernity facilitates greater understanding within the local community. Additionally, the research reveals that vernacularization not only addresses linguistic issues but also enhances the understanding of the sacred text by aligning its meaning with the social realities of Sundanese culture. This contributes significantly to translation and cultural interaction studies, demonstrating how Qur'anic translation can act as a bridge between source and target cultures and expand our understanding of how sacred texts are adapted to local contexts.
NAHDLATUL ULAMA AS THE MAIN ACTOR MANAGING AND RESETTING CIVILIZATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA TOWARDS HUMAN HARMONY AND WORLD PEACE
Authors: Ali Ridho  , Ningsih Widya , Wahud Fitria , Idi Warsah  , Waryono Abdul Ghofur  , Akhmad Rifa'i
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Q-DAS (Qualitative Data Analysis Software) yang menggabungkan model gabungan antara tinjauan literatur dan netnografi pada kanal YouTube “TVNU”, akun media sosial para ulama Nahdlatul Ulama, dan situs-situs web Islam moderat yang dikelola oleh tim siber dan jaringan yang berafiliasi dengan Nahdlatul Ulama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati dan menganalisis peran NU sebagai aktor utama dalam menata ulang dan menciptakan harmoni umat manusia, serta mewujudkan perdamaian dunia dengan memperkuat literasi di era digital dalam rangka memperingati 1 abad berdirinya NU. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasannya dengan adanya sumber daya yang dimiliki oleh Nahdlatul Ulama dapat menjadi modal utama menjaga, merawat, dan mendinginkan iklim media sosial dan digital yang seringkali memanas dan berkecambuk seiring perubahan dinamika keagamaan dan politik dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Penciptaan informasi dan narasi inklusif-moderat secara masif juga harus dilakukan oleh NU mulai dari basis struktural yakni para tokoh berpengaruh yang mempunyai basis pengikut besar di media sosialnya, hingga basis kultural yaitu masyarakat Nahdliyin di jagad digital demi terwujudnya perdamaian dunia internasional, alam semesta yang terawat rapi, dan peradaban manusia yang terbangun kembali untuk kemaslahatan manusia dan masa depan dunia di masa mendatang.
Analysis of The Influence of School Internal Factors on The Quality of Islamic Education at SMAN 1 Gerung
Authors: Dhomroh Siti , Sulhan Ahmad , Hakim Lukman
Published: August 2024

This research aims to explain the impact of internal school factors on the quality of Islamic education at SMAN 1 Gerung. Using a quantitative approach with an analytical design, the study involved the principal and 36 teachers selected through random sampling. Data collection included observation and questionnaires based on indicators and sub-indicators of the variables. Data analysis through t-tests and F-tests revealed a significant value of 0.001, indicating a strong influence of internal factors on Islamic education quality. The results confirm the alternative hypothesis, suggesting a significant impact of internal school factors on the quality of Islamic education. These findings are expected to guide the development of programs to enhance Islamic education quality at SMAN 1 Gerung.
Enhancing Teacher Competence through Continuous Professional Development: A Case Study at Brawijaya Smart School
Authors: Noviyanti Shobihatul Fitroh , Suti’ah  , Mulyadi  , Wahananto Juri , Zikri Ihsan
Published: August 2024

This study investigates the implementation and impact of the Continuous Professional Development (PKB) program at Brawijaya Smart School (BSS) in Malang, Indonesia. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research evaluates the program's effects on teacher competence in pedagogical, professional, social, and personal domains. Data collection methods included observations, interviews, and document analysis. Findings suggest that structured development activities significantly enhance teacher competencies. Recommendations include aligning professional development initiatives with teacher needs for continuous improvement.
Evaluation of pH Effect on Conformation of Protein Interaction E-Cadherin…ADTC5 Complex: Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Authors: Royhanshah Moch Freskha Fauzi , Anam Khairul , Hudiyanti Dwi , Siahaan Parsaoran
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) is a barrier located in the brain that controls the delivery of peptide drug to the brain. The difficulties of delivering drugs through BBB is because of E-Cadherin…E-Cadherin interaction that prevent drugs to pass through. ADTC5 has shown positive results to improve drug delivery through the BBB by modulating E-Cadherin…E-Cadherin interaction. Conformation are one of the factors that can affect the modulation stability between E-Cadherin…ADTC5. To analyze the conformation and stability of E-Cadherin…ADTC5 complex throughout the simulation time with pH effect, Molecular Dynamic (MD) method was used to simulate the conformational changes. The results indicate that pH 7.4, E-Cadherin…ADTC5 is the most stable conformation, with the lowest maximum radius gyration value 28.906 Å and the lowest ΔG Binding -168.244 kJ/mol. In the other hand, the most unstable conformation can be seen at pH 2.4, indicated by the positive ΔG Binding values 51,802 kJ/mol, high RMSD average at 2.8 Å and high RMSF fluctuations on residues.
Pola Distribusi Klorofil-a di Perairan Pekalongan-Kendal
Authors: Nur Cahyo Dede Muhamad , Indrayanti Elis , Maslukah Lilik
Published: August 2024

Klorofil-a merupakan faktor penting yang dapat dijadikan sebagai indikator kesuburan suatu perairan. Penentuan wilayah yang subur di perairan dapat diketahui berdasarkan konsentrasi dari klorofil-a baik secara spasial maupun temporal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi kandungan klorofil-a di Perairan Pekalongan-Kendal menggunakan data citra sentinel- 3. Data citra Sentinel-3 OLCI diolah menggunakan software SNAP dengan metode C2RCC. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa klorofil- a memiliki nilai yang bervariasi di setiap bulannya. Nilai konsentrasi klorofil tertinggi pada tahun 2021 di Perairan Pekalongan-Kendal terjadi pada bulan Juli sebesar 3,22 mg/m3 dan terendah pada bulan November sebesar 1,87 mg/m3. Nilai konsentrasi klorofil-a memiliki korelasi positif terhadap arus dan angin, dengan koefisien korelasi berturut-turut sebesar 0.464 dan 0.453. Hal ini menjelaskan bahwa tingginya konsentrasi klorofil-a akan diikuti dengan naiknya kecepatan arus dan angin, dan sebaliknya ketika konsentrasi klorofil-a rendah maka nilai kecepatan arus dan angin juga turun.
Karbon Organik Total dan Fosfat pada Sedimen Dasar Muara Sungai Genuk, Semarang
Authors: Iman Hudiya Izzatul , Zainuri Muhammad , Satriadi Alfi
Published: August 2024

Muara Sungai Genuk merupakan wilayah yang mengalami degradasi karena keberadaan limbah sehingga warna air sungai berubah menjadi kehitaman dan mengandung bahan beracun. Kegiatan domestik, perikanan, dan aktivitas manusia menyumbangkan buangan limbah yang tidak sedikit dan menimbulkan pencemaran air. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui konsentrasi. hubungan dan klasifikasi karbon organik total dan fosfat pada sedimen dasar di Muara Sungai Genuk, Semarang. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan deskripstif berdasarkan pengambilan sampel in-situ pada 25 Oktober 2021. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap 10 stasiun, menyebar dari muara ke lepas pantai. Analisis dilakukan di Laboratorium Geologi Oseanografi, FPIK dan Laboratorium Teknik Lingkungan, FT Undip. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi Karbon Organik Total (KOT) dalam sedimen dasar di 10 stasiun yang diambil berkisar antara 4.64% – 14.09%. Hal ini terkait dengan terendapkannya limbah dalam bentuk bahan organik, dan fosfat dari degradasi limbah tersebut ke dalam sedimen. Keterkaitan KOT dengan jenis sedimen dasar memiliki nilai koefisien korelasi r = 0.5357, menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi KOT memiliki kaitan yang cukup dengan jenis sedimen dasar lanau, akibat dari suplai limbah yang mengandung bahan organik secara terus menerus dan mudah terikat dengan sedimen dasar halus. Sedimen dasar yang dijumpai pada Muara Sungai Genuk didominasi lanau akibat interaksi fisika-kimia perairan dan terendapkan dalam sedimen.
Numerical Simulation of Sloshing in Roll Motion on Multiple Tanks with Vertical and Horizontal Baffle Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
Authors: Trimulyono Andi , Adietya Berlian Arswendo , Alvianto Jodhy Irsyad , Chrismianto Deddy , Syahab Husein
Published: August 2024

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a numerical analysis used in solving problems related to water flow. Many methods have been created in the application of CFD, one of which is Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). SPH is a meshless method where each fluid is represented by a particle. In this study, a 3D simulation was carried out for the phenomenon of sloshing with roll motion in prismatic, square, cylindrical and spherical tanks with a duration of 28 seconds. The filling ratio was carried out at 25% with the addition of vertical baffles and horizontal baffles at each water filling ratio. The results of this study show a comparison of dynamic pressure, freesurface heights, dorces and moments in various tank variations. The addition of baffles to the tank in this study has an influence on the sloshing phenomenon, especially in the use of vertical baffles. where the vertical baffle is the most effective baffle used in all tanks.
PERUBAHAN FUNGSI RUANG AKIBAT PERKEMBANGAN PARIWISATA DI DESA WISATA DIENG KULON BANJARNEGARA
Authors: Riswanto Mukhlasin , Ratih Sari Suzanna , Rukayah Raden Siti
Published: August 2024

Kawasan Wisata Dieng Kulon merupakan daerah yang banyak diminati oleh wisatawan baik lokal maupun mancanegara. Jumlah pengunjung kawasan wisata ini semakin meningkat sehingga meningkatkan perubahan fungsi ruang pada kawasan wisata dieng untuk memenuhi kebutuhan wisatawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan fungsi ruang berdasarkan empat elemen pariwisata yaitu daya tarik wisata, aksesibilitas, amenitas dan pelayanan tambahan serta penyebab terjadinya perubahan fungsi ruang. Metode penelitianyang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, dokumentasi serta observasi di Desa Wisata Dieng Kulon.  Data penelitian ini kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa perubahan fungsi ruang pada semua elemen pariwisata namun perubahan yang paling banyak pada komponen amenitas sepertinya banyak perkembangan pada homestay dan toko untuk mendukung fasilitas di Kawasan Wisata Dieng Kulon. Penyebab perubahan yang terjadi di Desa Dieng Kulon dikarenakan adanya potensi peningkatan ekonomi untuk masyarakat.