bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF GRAINS, VEGETABLES, FRUITS AND TUBER CROPS CULTIVATED IN OKEMESI TOWNSHIP, EKITI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: FASANMI Paulinah Oyindamola , OLUKOTUN Stephen Friday , ONUMEJOR Charity Adaeze , TCHOKOSSA Pascal , ADEGBEHINGBE Olayinka
Published: September 2021

Exposure to radiation is a natural phenomenon in the human environment. This is received from naturally occurring radionuclides in water, air, soil and food. Ingestion is one of the two major pathways through which these nuclides enter the human systems. Radiological assessment of fruits, vegetables, grains and tuber crops cultivated and consumed in Okemesi township, Ekiti State has been carried out using a 76mm by 76mm lead-shielded Sodium Iodide detector (NaI(Tl)) located at the Centre for Energy, Research and Development (CERD), Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The mean activity concentration of the radionuclides in the food samples was 155.76 ± 14.22 Bqkg-1 for 40K, 8.00 ± 0.24 Bqkg-1 for 238U and 7.39 ± 0.21 Bqkg-1for 232Th.The value obtained for Annual Effective Dose due to intake of the food crops (Ding) ranged from 104.32 to 687 µSv yr-1 while values for Excess Lifetime Cancer Risks (ECLR) ranged from 0.365 t0 2.407. Although the radioactivity levels in the food crops were lower than the world-wide limits, some values obtained for the AED and the ELCR were significantly higher than the recommended limits of UNSCEAR 2000. The rank order of Ding and ELCR in the food types was tubers ? fruits ? vegetables ? grains. Consumption of food cultivated in the area over a long period of time may induce a degree of health risks which should not be overlooked.
Non-English Majors’ Attitudes towards Using YouTube to Improve Speaking Skills
Authors: Dinh Nguyen
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to explore students’ attitudes towards using YouTube to improve speaking skills at the context of a Binh Duong based university. A total of one hundred and fifty students participated in the research. Both quantitative and qualitative data was obtained through two instruments, namely questionnaires and interview. For analysing the data collected, descriptive statistics and content analysis were employed. The results of the study revealed that non-English majors hade positive attitudes towards using YouTube to improve speaking skills. More interestingly, the findings revealed that they had affective attitudes towards the use of YouTube higher than the cognitive and behavioural attitudes. The study also made several suggestions for both teachers and students with the aim of contributing a small part to the teaching and learning of English speaking skills.
Learning Analytics in a Time of Pandemics: Mapping the Field
Authors: Prinsloo Paul , Khalil Mohammad , Slade Sharon
Published: September 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has impacted global society in many ways, not least education, with schools and universities moving many teaching and learning practices online. This paper examines the response of educational institutions in employing learning analytics, an approach which includes the collection and analysis of student data to understand and optimise teaching and learning. A systematic review of publications is undertaken and key themes identified in an attempt to answer the question: How did learning analytics allow educators to respond to learners’ risks and challenges during the pandemic? This study illustrates issues around the rapid adoption of technological solutions outside of the institution; inequality of internet access; considerations of data privacy and longer term consequences; and the need for an agile, but considered policy response.
Method or Media: 10 Do’s and Some Don’ts for Using Media in Online Post-Secondary Education
Authors: Schram Albert
Published: September 2021

For effective online teaching and learning there is no short-cut for good instructional design, as well as following well-established pedagogical practices. For universities in the post-pandemic era, the main challenges for delivering quality online programs are, first, to provide good access through high quality digital infrastructure, and, secondly, to assure that all lecturers are trained in modern pedagogical approaches, basic instructional design principles for online teaching, and media usage. In my own experience, following the eight QM “Quality Matters” standards, will go a long way in improving online instruction and student engagement. These standards provide a simple, proven and robust framework, even for the inexperienced to design and deliver an effective and engaging course. Universities that have consistently applied QM standards, for example, dominate the rankings for best online programs in the USA (QM 2020). Uniquely, QM offers a low-cost training program on online teaching that can be rolled out at scale for lecturers at member universities and schools, that includes all elements for developing and delivering effective online courses, including the use of media.The use of media in any course is always optional. Recent research, however, shows that the use of media, in particular asynchronous video in combination with other learning materials, can lead to substantial improvements in learning. This research found that the combination of solid instructional design and the appropriate use of asynchronous media in online or hybrid courses can be more effective than traditional face-to-face teaching, due to more focused content, and students being able to rewind thus avoiding feeling overwhelmed (Noetel et al., 2021). Finally, I offer 10 helpful pointers for developing and delivering online courses using media, for those of us who are not experienced online instructors, or instructional designers.
Digital Learning Environment Embedded in a Larger Nationwide One: A Case Study of a High School
Authors: Fissore Cecilia , Floris Francesco , Marchisio Marina , Rabellino Sergio
Published: September 2021

The outbreak of COVID-19 and national measures undertaken to tackle the spread of the virus may cause significant disruption to the provision of education opportunities for learners and teachers. In Italy, most schools did not practice online teaching before the emergency, and in a short time head teachers, teachers, students had to face new technological tools and deal with a new type of teaching. The PPS – “Problem Posing and Solving” – project offered to all Italian teachers and schools, for free, a way of carrying out Online Education through a nationwide integrated Digital Learning Environment (DLE). In this paper we present a case study of a high school that used one DLE for online teaching of the entire school, embedded in a larger DLE at national level. The goal of this research is to present the integrated DLE of the project and the reasons why this case study can represent an effective model for online teaching of a school under different dimensions (technological, human and pedagogical). The results show that the teachers and the school head agree with our point of view. Most teachers are very supportive of using one DLE and think that this facilitates students and collaboration among teachers. Being included in a larger project allows teachers to compare, collaborate and share experiences and materials with teachers from all over Italy, and to have continuous technical and training support.
How Portuguese Schools Navigated through THE Pandemic First Wave: Views from Headteachers
Authors: Torres Ana Cristina , Monteiro Angélica , Mouraz Ana
Published: September 2021

The transition from emergency remote teaching schemes to effective online learning ones has posed just as much similar as specific challenges to different countries and regions during school closures of the COVID-19 pandemic first wave. In Portugal, the specific challenge of a notably aged teaching workforce that admits being underprepared for pedagogically meaningful use of digital technologies in education has become more evident. Focusing on the views of seven interviewed schools’ headteachers, this paper presents and discusses the reported facilitators and barriers/constraints of their schools’ transition from emergency remote teaching to online learning, during the first pandemic wave and relates those factors with the particular issues of veteran teachers’ engagement with online learning. The paper introduces the rekindle+50 project under which the data collection and analysis took place and underlines the extreme importance of continued investment in teacher professional development and collaboration to enhance more effective use of online learning tools and platforms in times of uncertainty.
#Openteach: Open Course, Open Online Teaching, Open Textbook
Authors: Farrell Orna , Brunton James , Ní She Caitriona , Costello Eamon
Published: September 2021

This paper will explore the experiences of the #Openteach project team in developing a flexible and evidence based approach to support professional learning for those who teach online. The project had a number of phases, which included a needs analysis of online students and educators about effective online teaching, the publication of a review of the literature entitled Teaching Online is Different, and a pilot evaluation report. The #Openteach open course ran in March 2020 and focused on five key aspects of teaching online: social presence; facilitating discussion; collaboration online; live online teaching; and supporting online students. The final phase of the project involves the creation of an open textbook bringing together all of the project outputs, due for publication in summer 2021. Drawing on qualitative and quantitative data collected from online educators pre and post the initiative, this paper reports on two aspects of the #Openteach project in detail: the design, development and delivery of the open online course and the process of creating the #Openteach open textbook.
Open Educational Practices in Learning and Teaching of Computer Science
Authors: Luis Jose , Rodrigo Covadonga
Published: September 2021

This paper shows several actions that address the use and development of open educational resources (OERs) and the utilisation of open source machine virtualization tools for Moodle course instantiation in a Computer Science-based Teacher Training course. The training is dedicated to show the basic characteristics and tools present in e-learning environments and to transmit the knowledge to develop educational resources and personalize different learning environments. The learning activities have been designed following the constructive approach, in the form of practical tasks that ensure the training of students in the self-implementation and personalisation of e-learning courses embedded into virtual machines. Students learn how to do the pedagogical design, to set up a delivery, and perform to develop their own resources and re-use from others. Finally, students have to assess the quality of the OERs following the UNE71362 standard. As a transversal pedagogical objective of the Master’s course, the learning aims to help the dissemination and awareness of the UNESCO’s Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4) which ensures inclusive and equitable quality education and fosters lifelong learning opportunities for all. In this sense, specific OER development for gender inclusion and accessibility for all learners has been promoted.
Lesson Learned: Reflections of Universitas Terbuka’s Non-traditional Assessment Solutions
Authors: Darojat Ojat , Budiman Rahmat
Published: September 2021

Modern technology advancements have been reshaping and reforming education throughout the world. Furthermore, the Covid-19 outbreak is a powerful urge to establish more adaptive policies. Universitas Terbuka (UT) or the Indonesia Open University realizes that students are expecting to have a more individual and flexible learning during the Covid-19 outbreak, including the examination. UT makes uses of new technology and innovations to establish the online proctoring examination that enables students to take the examination at their own places without the present of the human proctors. Requirements to ensure the online proctoring examination meets the quality criteria were established. Previous studies show that students showed positive attitude towards the online proctoring examination. In the context of UT, due to students living in remote islands and the issue of the limited internet access might potentially challenge UT to implement the online proctoring examination. To provide solutions to the challenges, UT is demanded to develop alternative innovative solutions. Therefore, partnership with the government, private sectors, and other organizations is a necessary.
“I Feel Like a Guinea Pig”: Emotional Responses to the Online Pivot
Authors: Beirne Elaine , Nic Mairéad , Brown Mark
Published: September 2021

This paper reports on the emotional experiences of first year students as they prepared to start their higher education online because of Covid-19 public health precautions. Emotion research holds important insights for the development of pedagogical and institutional strategies to support students adapt to the increased focus on online learning both now and into the future. Students’ responses to a survey embedded at the beginning of an online learning preparatory MOOC were analysed to identify (a) the anticipatory emotions they were experiencing towards online learning, and (b) what they perceived to be the sources of those emotions. Findings revealed that anxiety was the prevailing emotion, although positive emotions, such as excitement and hope, were also reported. A thematic analysis identified seven over-arching sources of those emotions as described by the students. This paper concludes by briefly discussing the implications for educators.
Listening to the Student Voice – Student Engagement in Professional Higher Education
Authors: Brunner Marina , Ehlers Ulf-Daniel
Published: September 2021

The practical orientated education and training of professional higher education institutions attract a very diverse student body and more and more non-traditional students are finding their way to higher education institutions in Europe. In order to sufficiently address the different needs of this group, non-traditional students must be given opportunities for student engagement in student organisations and extracurricular activities outside of lectures. Furthermore, the diversity characteristics of non-traditional students within professional higher education institutions need to be analysed, as well as the barriers and challenges to student engagement. With the help of qualitative expert interviews and focus groups, five problem areas were defined and an outlook on possible improvements was given in order to sharpen the view of an inclusive university environment outside of the lecture hall.
OpenTEL: Lessons from a Pandemic for the Future of Distance Education
Authors: Iniesto Francisco , Murphy Victoria L. , Scanlon Eileen , Chua Shi Min
Published: September 2021

The move to introduce technology enhanced learning (TEL) is a trend that has been observed for decades. Following the disruption arising from Covid-19 pandemic, there has been a move to remote teaching in universities across the world. This move has put the transformation or digital revolution in the limelight in the media. TEL is of strategic importance to the conduct of teaching, learning and research in education internationally. TEL, when combined with the growing benefits of open approaches to education, leads to a potentially transformational means of learning. In this paper the authors introduce some examples of research projects from the Open University’s OpenTEL research grouping. These examples highlight some of the work conducted relating to supporting students, universities, and communities using TEL during the pandemic. OpenTEL research has identified that Covid-19 has exposed the need for better institutional support for students who are facing stress and disruption in their studies; collaboration among higher educational institutions to share knowledge; better engagement in the online pivot ; and understanding of the possibilities (and limitations) for online tools to maintain existing research communities.
e-Learning Challenges from the Students’ Point of View
Authors: Rimkuvienė Daiva , Vintere Anna , Aruvee Eve
Published: September 2021

E-learning has become mandatory at all levels of educational institutions due to the coronavirus pandemic. This paper analyses the learning difficulties that university students have encountered as a result of this changed situation. Empirical research includes a survey of students at three Baltic universities: Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies (LLU), Vytautas Magnus University (VMU) and Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMÜ). The aim of our article is to compare opinions on the challenges faced by students of Baltic States during mandatory remote learning. The results of this study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between respondents in the countries participating in the survey in terms of the opinions expressed on the availability of appropriate hardware, communication with teacher and interaction with classmates and difficulty focusing on remote studies. Students who prefer face to face learning style mentioned difficulties in paying attention to studies, In addition, the majority of respondents indicated that they often had problems communicating with teachers. It was found that not only achieving learning outcomes, implementing practical works, and the volume of study works caused challenges but also lack of digital skills and interaction with classmates.
Students’ Engagement with Podcast during Lockdown – An Analysis of Interaction Footprints in a Computer Science Course
Authors: Donnet Benoit , Verpoorten Dominique
Published: September 2021

This paper addresses a remote teaching activity that consists, for students, in being exposed to podcasts instead of classic face-to-face theoretical lessons. In particular, the paper discusses potential impact of podcasts on students’ engagement in an introductory Computer Science course.
The establishment of the inflation target and the corridor of fluctuations of the target: analysis of world trends and practice in Ukraine
Authors: Shapran Vitaliy , Britchenko Igor
Published: September 2021

The article presents an analysis of global trends in setting the inflation target and the acceptable corridor of inflation target fluctuations. Inflation targeting is an important attribute of the monetary regime of inflation targeting, its main quantitative parameter. The tendency of the inflation targeting regime in 70 countries all over the world are considered, of which 41 countries have official recognition by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) regarding the inflation targeting regime. It was found that most countries set the inflation target at 5% or below, and the level of the corridor of fluctuations in relative terms hovers around 20-50% of the target value. The latest trends related to changes in the monetary policy of the European Central Bank have been studied, recommendations for determining the acceptable corridor of fluctuations of the inflation target in small and open economies on the example of Ukraine are provided.
Methodical approaches to evaluation of intellectual capital of enterprises
Authors: Yepifanova Iryna , Hladka Diana
Published: September 2021

The intellectual capital that allows you to form a strong competitive advantage and is crucial for the successful existence of any enterprise.

The purpose of the article is to generalize the methods of intellectual capital valuation.

The existing methodological approaches to evaluation of the intellectual capital of the enterprise have been systemized in the article.

The experience has been summarized and the analysis of methodical approaches to evaluation of intellectual capital has been carried out. Indicators for the analysis of human, organizational, client and social capital of intellectual capital have been distinguished. The most used approaches for estimating intellectual capital, their calculation mechanism and groups of methods have been determined.

Thus, today there are several basic approaches to valuing intellectual capital (cost; income; market), as well as a significant number of methods for estimating the value of intellectual capital of the enterprise. However, there is no single common approach or methodology for evaluating intellectual capital.

One of the most promising and convenient methods of evaluating intellectual capital is the Balanced Scorecard (BSC), which includes: finance; customers; internal business processes; innovation, training and professional growth. It is proposed to add an indicator of “communicative competence” of both personnel and management of the enterprise to the component “training and professional growth”, because the process of information transfer is the basis for successful operation of the enterprise and directly affects the formation and increase of intellectual capital.
The Ultraviolet Deep Imaging Survey of Galaxies in the Bootes Void. I. Catalog, Color–Magnitude Relations, and Star Formation
Authors: Pandey Divya , Saha Kanak , Pradhan Ananta C.
Published: September 2021

We present a deep far and near-ultraviolet (FUV and NUV) wide-field imaging survey of galaxies in the Bootes void using the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope on board AstroSat. Our data reach 5σ limiting magnitudes for point sources at 23.0 and 24.0 AB mag in the FUV and NUV, respectively. We report a total of six star-forming galaxies residing in the Bootes void alongside the full catalog, and of these, three are newly detected in our FUV observation. Our void galaxy sample spans a range of UV colors (−0.35 mag ≤ FUV−NUV ≤ 0.68 mag) and absolute magnitudes (−14.16 mag ≤ M
NUV ≤ −18.65 mag). In addition, Sloan Digital Sky Survey and Two Micron All Sky Survey archival data are being used to study UV, optical, and infrared color–magnitude relations for our galaxies in the void. We investigate the nature of bimodal color distribution, morphologies, and star formation of the void galaxies. Most of the galaxies in our sample are fainter and less massive than L* galaxies, with M
r > −20 mag. Our analysis reveals a dominant fraction of bluer galaxies over the red ones in the void region probed. The internal and Galactic extinction corrected FUV star formation rates (SFRs) in our void galaxy catalog varies in a large range of 0.05–51.01 M
⊙ yr−1, with a median of 3.96 M
⊙ yr−1. We find a weak effect of the environment on the SFRs of galaxies. Implications of our findings are discussed.
Multimessenger Implications of Sub-PeV Diffuse Galactic Gamma-Ray Emission
Authors: Fang Ke , Murase Kohta
Published: September 2021

The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray flux between 0.1 and 1 PeV has recently been measured by the Tibet ASγ Collaboration. The flux and spectrum are consistent with the decay of neutral pions from hadronuclear interactions between Galactic cosmic rays and the interstellar medium (ISM). We derive the flux of the Galactic diffuse neutrino emission from the same interaction process that produces the gamma rays. Our calculation accounts for the effect of gamma-ray attenuation inside the Milky Way and uncertainties due to the spectrum and distribution of cosmic rays, gas density, and infrared emission of the ISM. We find that the contribution from the Galactic plane (GP) to the all-sky neutrino flux is ≲5%–10% around 100 TeV. The Galactic and extragalactic neutrino intensities are comparable in the GP region. Our results are consistent with the upper limit reported by the IceCube and ANTARES Collaborations, and predict that next-generation neutrino experiments may observe the Galactic component. We also show that the Tibet ASγ data imply either an additional component in the cosmic-ray nucleon spectrum or contribution from discrete sources, including PeVatrons such as superbubbles and hypernova remnants, and PeV electron accelerators. Future multimessenger observations between 1 TeV and 1 PeV are crucial to decomposing the origin of sub-PeV gamma-rays.
Pathogenetic features of acute naphazoline poisoning in children
Authors: Karpushkina Eketerina S. , Zhdanova Olga A. , Batishcheva Galina A. , Petukhova Yulia A.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Acute poisoning by nasal decongestants is an important issue in pediatrics due to physiological and anatomical characteristics of the child’s body and pharmacokinetics of drugs in early childhood.

Epidemiology: The number of poisonings by this group of drugs ranged from 4% to 39% during the period from 2000 to 2018. All the studies reported that the most severe degree of intoxication was observed in children aged 1–3 years.

Mechanism of action of nasal decongestants: The peculiarity of selective alpha2-adrenergic agonists is that when taken orally, misused or overdosed, they lose their selectivity for the target receptor. As a result, the drug causes acute poisoning and most often this effect occurs in children and adolescents.

Clinical features and diagnostic criteria: Clinical signs of acute poisoning can appear both as a result of an overdose of the nasal decongestants and due to a therapeutic use of the drug according to the instruction. The symptoms are manifested by hypothermia, skin pallor, bradycardia, arterial hypotension, profuse sweating, and acrocyanosis.

Imidazoline receptors and new opportunities: It is assumed that toxic effect of topical decongestants occurs not only by activation of alpha2-adrenergic receptors, but also through their influence on the selective imidazoline receptors. Based on the structure of these drugs, it is assumed that imidazoline receptors are the primary binding site for these drugs.

Conclusion: Understanding the described mechanisms of alpha2-adrenergic agonist action and peculiarities of the child’s symptoms in acute poisoning is necessary for the timely diagnosis and selection of the correct treatment strategy.
Studying the influence of Solcoseryl drug and vitamin C on the inflammatory reaction and proliferation of fibroblastic cells in the filed of polypropylene endoprosthesis implantation
Authors: Lazarenko Victor A. , Ivanov Sergey V. ,  Pankrusheva Tatyana A. , Ivanov Ilya S. , Goryainova Galina N. , Ob’edkov Evgeny G. , Kopteva Lyubov A. , Chekmareva Marina S. , Ivanova Inna A. , Ob’edkova Natalya Ju.
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Applying a coating on hernia endoprosthesis prevents recurrent anterior abdominal wall hernias, reduces inflammatory response and stimulates reparative processes in the area of its implantation. The aim of investigation was to study the effect of Solcoseryl and Vitamin C in a collagen-stimulating coating of hernioendoprosthesis on a morphological picture in anterior abdominal wall plastic surgery.

Materials and methods: The study was performed on 180 laboratory mice divided into three groups of 60 animals each: the first group animals were implanted with polypropylene endoprostheses without a collagen-stimulating coating, the second group animals – polypropylene endoprostheses with a collagen-stimulating coating with Vitamin C, and the third group animals – polypropylene endoprostheses with a collagen-stimulating coating with Solcoseryl. The laboratory animals were withdrawn from the experiment on the 10th, 30th, 60th, and 90th days. The excised sections of the abdominal wall were stained with G+E to determine the nature of inflammation and the number of cell elements.

Results and discussion: When using endoprostheses with a collagen-stimulating coating, the stages of inflammatory process proceeded more quickly, which was confirmed by a reliable (р ≤ 0.05) decrease in the number of neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes at all stages of the study. By the 90th day of the experiment, the number of fibroblasts in the control group was by 22.64% less than in the study groups with a coating.

Conclusion: A cytological and histological analysis in the control group determined a consistent decrease in an exudative phase of inflammatory reaction. When using endoprosthesis with coatings, its acceleration and lower intensity was noted throughout the study. In the group with Solcoseryl, the formation of a dense connective capsule around the endoprosthesis indicates its quality and better adaptation of the endoprosthesis in body tissues.
Fontanes Stine als Werk des poetischen Realismus
Authors: Eberhardt Otto
Published: September 2021

Stine fut écrit par Fontane, comme ses autres romans, dans l’esprit du réalisme poétique. L’intrigue est avant tout fictive, mais les événements, qui n’en doivent pas moins paraître réels, se déroulent donc aussi dans le Berlin de l’époque. Il arrive néanmoins que la réalité soit déformée ou dépeinte de manière inexacte au nom des significations recherchées. C’est dans ce sens que l’ensemble est constitué d’un réseau de sigles et de références significatives, poétisé. Après des observations sur la distance prise avec la réalité, l’article éclaire cette poétisation en décelant et explicitant les motifs et faits se reflétant d’un contexte narratif à l’autre, le pouvoir évocateur des noms, les anticipations et les jeux avec ambiguïtés de la langue, l’usage d’images traditionnelles et la répétition de motifs avec des glissements de sens.
The Gloved Fist: Confirmations, Subversions, and Leave-Taking in Anita Brookner’s Strangers
Authors: Nayar Manini
Published: September 2021

Les critiques font preuve d’un certain nombre d’hésitations et de divergences au sujet d’Anita Brookner, la comparant à des auteurs aussi différents que Proust et Barbara Cartland. Certaines réflexions genrées, notamment de la part de critiques masculins, ont relégué son œuvre au rang de « romans féminins », qui offriraient un panorama étriqué et déprimant, fait de gémissements bien orchestrés sur les « douleurs menstruelles » et les « attaques chroniques de migraine ». À ce mépris disproportionné s’opposent les approches féministes indépendantes qui rangent Brookner parmi les auteurs femmes interrogeant le canon par l’intermédiaire de personnages focalisateurs — ou, selon les termes employés par Adrienne Rich, « en étant elles-mêmes et en parlant d’elles-mêmes ». Se positionnant d’emblée au-delà du rejet facile de ses œuvres comme « romans féminins » médiocres, cet article replace Brookner dans le contexte vibrant d’une écriture féministe réflexive, position qu’elle démontre dans son dernier roman, Strangers , en reprenant et en subvertissant certains paradigmes romanesques pour présenter un adieu à la fois ludique et résilient.
Framing Terror: Illness and Art in Anita Brookner’s Look at Me
Authors: Petit Laurence
Published: September 2021

Le roman Look at Me d’Anita Brookner, publié en 1983, raconte l’histoire de Frances Hinton, bibliothécaire documentaliste dans un institut médical. La tâche de Frances consiste à archiver des reproductions d’œuvres d’art dépeignant les pathologies à travers les âges, véritable « encyclopédie de la maladie et de la mort », pour reprendre sa propre formulation. À mesure que se développe l’intrigue, centrée sur les interactions de Frances avec les autres personnages de la bibliothèque, le roman lui-même devient une véritable encyclopédie de la maladie et de la mort dans laquelle les images picturales fonctionnent comme des métaphores de la désintégration physique et mentale de Frances. Après être passée très près de la mort, Frances réussit à créer les conditions d’une retraite thérapeutique qui va lui permettre de se lancer dans son grand projet, l’écriture d’un roman autobiographique basé sur l’institut, en d’autres termes, l’écriture du roman même que nous venons de lire. En s’inspirant des travaux de philosophes et de critiques littéraires tels que Kristeva, Derrida, Hirsch, Woolf, Caws et Restuccia, ainsi que de spécialistes de Brookner telles que Bowen, Williams-Wanquet et Stetz, cet essai explore la manière dont la peinture et l’écriture, qui permettent à Frances de contrôler sa vie et celle des autres, peuvent être vues comme des cadres métaphoriques contre la terreur, selon une perspective ontologique aussi bien qu’historique.
How do Working Conditions help us to understand the Paradox between Well-being at Work and Performance?
Authors: Bernard Nathalie , Loup Pierre , Abord de Chatillon Emmanuel , Commeiras Nathalie
Published: September 2021

Cet article vise à examiner les actions, en termes de conditions de travail, que les entreprises pourraient mettre en œuvre pour combiner à la fois le bien-être des salariés et la performance de l’entreprise. L’objectif de cette recherche est de fournir une compréhension des facteurs qui peuvent résoudre le paradoxe entre le bien-être au travail et la performance. Grâce à une approche basée sur les paradoxes, cette question est étudiée en utilisant une base de données nationale représentative développée par le ministère français du travail (Base de la DARES), en croisant les réponses aux questionnaires des employés et des employeurs français. Les résultats présentent les facteurs qui conduisent à un cycle vertueux, améliorant à la fois le bien-être au travail et la performance de l’entreprise.
La sécurité est-elle vraiment « l’affaire de tous » ? Les limites de la participation citoyenne en France dans un domaine typiquement régalien
Authors: Malochet Virginie
Published: September 2021

En France, le contexte de lutte antiterroriste est venu conforter l’idée que « la sécurité est l’affaire de tous », y compris de la population. Par-delà les discours officiels, comment les pouvoirs publics se saisissent-ils de la question de l’engagement citoyen dans ce champ d’action supposément régalien ? Cet article apporte quelques éléments de réponse au travers d’exemples qui concernent tant les contributions directes à l’ordre local que la gouvernance des politiques de sécurité. Entre promotion des initiatives institutionnellement labellisées et volonté d’encadrer sinon d’étouffer celles qui ne le sont pas, la mise en politique de la participation citoyenne en ce domaine interroge les évolutions d’un modèle français de sécurité avant tout fondé sur la position dominante de l’État.
Hiérarchies sociales, réforme morale et précarité économique au sein de l’Oodua People’s Congress : de l’expérience vigilante radicale au travail de sécurité à Lagos (Nigéria)
Authors: Revilla Lucie
Published: September 2021

L’Oodua People’s Congress (OPC) est connu de la littérature sur le vigilantisme pour avoir mené des actions justicières contre la criminalité depuis le milieu des années 1990 à Lagos dans le sud-ouest du Nigéria. Progressivement, l’organisation nationaliste yoruba s’est transformée en fournisseur de sécurité privée. Une perspective classique travaillant sur le vigilantisme privilégie l’analyse du monopole de la violence légitime, considérant ce genre d’initiative soit comme une négation de la souveraineté de l’État ou au contraire comme une de ses multiples recompositions. Cet article s’attache plutôt à comprendre comment se sont routinisées des tâches de sécurité en s’intéressant aux formes de travail rémunéré que l’organisation génère pour ses membres. La transformation de l’OPC tient au projet de réforme morale menée en direction des militant·es et aux mécanismes de hiérarchisation organisationnelle qui l’ont entraîné.
Encourager l’esprit entrepreneurial du chef militaire : une nécessité pour faire face à l’incertitude
Authors: Durville Emmanuel
Published: September 2021

Ultime recours de l’État face aux menaces existentielles, les armées, plus que toute autre organisation, doivent surmonter une tension permanente entre une logique de structuration privilégiant la planification et une logique d’adaptation valorisant l’initiative. Donner toute sa place à l’esprit d’entreprise du chef militaire est donc une nécessité ; cela suppose un mode d’organisation qui préserve des « bulles de liberté d’action » à tous les niveaux, en acceptant de modérer les logiques de centralisation, de rationalisation et d’optimisation qui ont dominé les démarches de transformation des armées depuis plus d’une décennie.
Un partenariat militaire fort et pérenne est-il possible entre la France et la Belgique ? Réflexions et recommandations
Authors: Monin Manuel
Published: September 2021

La France et la Belgique, d’apparences si proches, montrent régulièrement des visages différents face aux défis du monde actuel et ce, particulièrement dans les réponses militaires qui y sont données. Cet article tente de répondre à deux questions conditionnant la réussite du partenariat CaMo ( Capacité motorisée ) entre la France et la Belgique : quels sont les fondamentaux des politiques étrangère et de défense belges ? Ces politiques sont-elles suffisamment compatibles avec celles de la France pour assurer le succès d’un partenariat ambitieux établi sur la durée ? Enfin, fort de cette année au CHEM, je me risquerai à émettre quelques recommandations favorisant la réflexion mais peut-être également le succès de ce partenariat.
Environnement, écosystèmes et impacts sur la santé humaine
Authors: Morand Serge
Published: September 2021

Dans cet article, nous traitons de l’évolution des approches liant santé, environnement et écosystèmes, en partant d’une vision fixiste de l’environnement pour aller vers une vision dynamique de celui-ci. Les changements globaux en cours nécessitent, du fait de leurs impacts, de mettre en place des approches renouvelées à même de répondre aux nouveaux enjeux sanitaires. Ces approches écosystémiques sont promues par de nouvelles initiatives portées par les organisations internationales.
L’évaluation des risques des pesticides : entre savoir réglementaire et science académique
Authors: Huc Laurence , Jouzel Jean-Noël
Published: September 2021

Depuis le milieu du XX e  siècle, les pesticides constituent une catégorie de produits réglementés, dont la mise sur le marché est soumise à une autorisation administrative reposant sur une évaluation de leur efficacité et de leurs risques pour la santé humaine et l’environnement. Dans cet article, nous mettons en évidence le décalage pouvant exister entre, d’une part, les lignes directrices qui encadrent l’évaluation réglementaire des risques des pesticides et, d’autre part, l’évolution des données issues de la recherche académique sur ce sujet. Nous montrons cela en nous intéressant aux deux étapes fondamentales de l’évaluation réglementaire des risques que ces produits induisent pour la santé humaine : l’identification et la mesure des dangers, d’une part, et l’estimation des expositions, d’autre part.
Le recul de la digitalisation dans les petites et moyennes entreprises camerounaises : à la recherche des éléments explicatifs
Authors: Bello Pascal
Published: September 2021

La présente étude vise à identifier les déterminants du recul de la digitalisation observé dans les entreprises camerounaises (Institut National de la Statistique, 2011 ; 2018) au moment où le monde assiste à l’essor de la digitalisation des entreprises. A partir des entretiens semi-directifs auprès de treize (13) dirigeants de PME camerounaises, cette étude révèle que ce recul de la digitalisation s’explique par plusieurs facteurs internes et externes à ces entreprises.
#Plasticsurgery : quand les chirurgiens esthétiques s’emparent des réseaux sociaux
Authors: Ben Jemia Wiem , Frikha Azza
Published: September 2021

Face au patient "connecté", le débat sur les frontières entre information et publicité dans le domaine médical est sujet à controverse. L’objet de cet article est de comprendre la perception d’un phénomène relativement nouveau: la communication via Instagram des chirurgiens et médecins esthétiques. À travers deux études qualitatives menées auprès de médecins et de jeunes femmes utilisatrices d’Instagram, ce travail prend appui sur la typologie de la légitimité de Suchman (1995) et révèle l’existence de positions contrastées quant à cette pratique. Les résultats présentent des pistes de réflexion que les parties prenantes pourront exploiter pour assainir la relation patients/professionnels de santé.
Engagement et volition en e-learning : quelle place pour l’environnement social ?
Authors: Alves Sarah , Lerner Lucile
Published: September 2021

Notre travail cherche à comprendre l’impact de l’environnement social sur l’engagement et la volition des apprenants dans une formation en e-learning. Notre étude quantitative (256 personnes) met en évidence que le soutien social professionnel et formatif (formateur et manager) sont essentiels. Mais les expériences antérieures des apprenants, leur rapport au savoir et leur rapport aux technologies sont autant de paramètres à considérer dans la dynamique.
Une mosaïque d’interventions sociales
Authors: Macquaire Patrick
Published: September 2021

Une action globale de réhabilitation architecturale et sociale d’un quartier s’appuie sur la création de mosaïques, à l’instar de Picassiette, une figure locale de l’art brut qui avait entièrement couvert de mosaïques sa petite maison,. L’art de la mosaïque sociale et l’art de la mosaïque murale se combinent.
Assessing the long term effects on climate change of metallurgical slags valorization as construction material: a comparison between static and dynamic global warming impacts
Authors: Di Maria Andrea ,   Department of Materials Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 box 2450, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Levasseur Annie , Van Acker Karel ,   Department of Construction Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, 1100, Rue Notre-Dame Ouest, Montréal (Québec), H3C 1K3, Canada,   Center for Economics and Corporate Sustainability (CEDON), KU Leuven, Warmoesberg 26, BE-1000 Brussels, Belgium
Published: September 2021

The interest in circular economy for the construction sector is constantly increasing, and Global Warming Potential (GWP) is often used to assess the carbon footprint of buildings and building materials. However, GWP presents some methodological challenges when assessing the environmental impacts of construction materials. Due to the long life of construction materials, GWP calculation should take into consideration also time-related aspects. However, in the current GWP, any temporal information is lost, making traditional static GWP better suited for retrospective assessment rather than forecasting purposes. Building on this need, this study uses a time-dependent GWP to assess the carbon footprint of two newly developed construction materials, produced through the recycling of industrial residues (stainless steel slag and industrial goethite). The results for both materials are further compared with the results of traditional ordinary Portland cement (OPC) based concrete, presenting similar characteristics. The results of the dynamic GWP (D_GWP) are also compared to the results of traditional static GWP (S_GWP), to see how the methodological development of D_GWP may influence the final environmental evaluation for construction materials. The results show the criticality of the recycling processes, especially in the case of goethite valorization. The analysis shows also that, although the D_GWP did not result in a shift in the ranking between the three materials compared with S_GWP, it provides a clearer picture of emission flows and their effect on climate change over time.
A mathematical model for biodiversity diluting transmission of zika virus through competition mechanics
Authors: Yue Zongmin , Yusof Fauzi Mohamed
Published: September 2021

Whether increasing biodiversity will lead to a promotion (amplification effect) or inhibition (dilution effect) in the transmission of infectious diseases remains to be discovered. In vector-borne infectious diseases, Lyme Disease (LD) and West Nile Virus (WNV) have become typical examples of the dilution effect of biodiversity. Thus, as a vector-borne disease, biodiversity may also play a positive role in the control of the Zika virus. We developed a Zika virus model affected by biodiversity through a competitive mechanism. Through the qualitative analysis of the model, the stability condition of the disease-free equilibrium point and the control threshold of the disease - the basic reproduction number is given. Not only has the numerical analysis verified the inference results, but also it has shown the regulatory effect of the competition mechanism on Zika virus transmission. As competition limits the size of the vector population, the number of final viral infections also decreases. Besides, we also find that under certain parameter conditions, the dilution effect may disappear because of the different initial values. Finally, we emphasized the impact of human activities on biological diversity, to indirectly dilute the abundance of diversity and make the virus continuously spread.
Existence of solutions for first-order Hamiltonian random impulsive differential equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions
Authors: Guo Yu , Shu Xiao-Bao , Yin Qianbao
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we study the sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions of first-order Hamiltonian random impulsive differential equations under Dirichlet boundary value conditions. By using the variational method, we first obtain the corresponding energy functional. And by using Legendre transformation, we obtain the conjugation of the functional. Then the existence of critical point is obtained by mountain pass lemma. Finally, we assert that the critical point of the energy functional is the mild solution of the first order Hamiltonian random impulsive differential equation. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of our results.
A dictionary learning algorithm for compression and reconstruction of streaming data in preset order
Authors: Archibald Richard , Tran Hoang
Published: September 2021

There has been an emerging interest in developing and applying dictionary learning (DL) to process massive datasets in the last decade. Many of these efforts, however, focus on employing DL to compress and extract a set of important features from data, while considering restoring the original data from this set a secondary goal. On the other hand, although several methods are able to process streaming data by updating the dictionary incrementally as new snapshots pass by, most of those algorithms are designed for the setting where the snapshots are randomly drawn from a probability distribution. In this paper, we present a new DL approach to compress and denoise massive dataset in real time, in which the data are streamed through in a preset order (instances are videos and temporal experimental data), so at any time, we can only observe a biased sample set of the whole data. Our approach incrementally builds up the dictionary in a relatively simple manner: if the new snapshot is adequately explained by the current dictionary, we perform a sparse coding to find its sparse representation; otherwise, we add the new snapshot to the dictionary, with a Gram-Schmidt process to maintain the orthogonality. To compress and denoise noisy datasets, we apply the denoising to the snapshot directly before sparse coding, which deviates from traditional dictionary learning approach that achieves denoising via sparse coding. Compared to full-batch matrix decomposition methods, where the whole data is kept in memory, and other mini-batch approaches, where unbiased sampling is often assumed, our approach has minimal requirement in data sampling and storage: i) each snapshot is only seen once then discarded, and ii) the snapshots are drawn in a preset order, so can be highly biased. Through experiments on climate simulations and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) data, we demonstrate that the proposed approach performs competitively to those methods in data reconstruction and denoising.