bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Makna Pembangunan Bagi Orang Asli Papua: Studi Terhadap Marginalisasi dan Depopulasi di Tanah Papua
Authors: Pamungkas Cahyo , Oktafiani Irin , Imbhiri Leonardus
Published: July 2022

Pembangunan di Tanah Papua merupakan kata kunci dari segala kebijakan Pemerintah Indonesia di daerah ini sebagai strategi untuk mengatasi konflik separatisme. Namun, meskipun sejumlah kebijakan telah dilaksanakan seperti Otonomi Khusus dan berbagai Inpres atau Kepres tentang Percepatan Pembangunan di Provinsi Papua dan Papua Barat, namun indeks pembangunan manusia di kedua provinsi ini menempati angka yang paling rendah di Indonesia. Penelitian mengenai dampak sosial budaya pembangunan terhadap orang asli Papua telah banyak dilakukan. Misalnya, Tania Li (1999), yang memfokuskan pada dampak pembangunan terhadap peminggiran dan hilangya identitas OAP. Selain itu, juga Elmslie dan Web-Ganon (2010) yang menarasikan mengenai slow motion genocide sebagai akibat dari depopulasi orang asli Papua. Studi terbaru dilakukan oleh LIPI (2019) menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan tidak mencapai sasaran pada orang asli Papua dan belum mengakomodasi tradisi kebudayaan orang Papua. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menggali makna pembangunan bagi orang asli Papua, terutama Bagaimanakah marginalisasi dikonseptualisasikan oleh orang Papua dan Bagaimanakah marginalisasi berperan terhadap depopulasi orang Papua. 

 

Kata Kunci: Pembangunan, Orang Asli Papua, Marginalisasi, Depopulasi
PENGARUH YOUTUBE KONTEN MUSIK ANAK TERHADAP KECERDASAN MUSIKAL PADA USIA 4-5 TAHUN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Ifadloh Lailatul , Widayati Sri
Published: July 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Youtube, especially the children's music content "Super Jojo" on the musical intelligence of children aged 4-5 years during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is based on the use of gadgets that are generally used by children during the pandemic and Youtube content that continues to grow rapidly. The research subjects were 25 children using the experimental approach method of one group posttest design with data analysis using simple linear regression analysis. Through data validity testing or validity testing, the significance level of all statements is below 5% and the reliability of all statements is more than 0.6. Based on the test using simple linear regression analysis with a significance level of 0.031 below 0.05 and t-count 2.303 below t-table 2.06, it can be concluded that there is an effect of Youtube music content on children's musical intelligence for children aged 4-5 years in TK Muslimat NU 04 Tambaksumur Waru Sidoarjo during the COVID-19 pandemic. Youtube children's music content is one of the recommendations for educators and parents as a medium to stimulate musical intelligence. 
Keywords: Youtube, music content, musical intelligence, COVID-19.
PERAN TRI PUSAT PENDIDIKAN DALAM PENDIDIKAN SEKSUAL ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Gerda Misselina Madya , Puspitasari Novianti , Septiani Reni D. , Dewi Nurul Kusuma
Published: July 2022

Maraknya kasus kekerasan seksual yang terjadi pada anak di bawah umur saat ini sudah memprihatinkan bahkan dapat dikatakan dalam kondisi kritis dan darurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan di Indonesia maupun di luar negeri terkait pendidikan seks (kesehatan reproduksi) usia dini dan metode pendekatan pendidikan seks untuk mendapatkan rekomendasi yang sesuai dengan analisis masalah dan kebutuhan. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam studi ini adalah suatu tinjauan literatur (literature review). Pencarian hasil penelitian dilakukan secara sistematis melalui database yang terkomputerisasi dari google cendekia (google scholar), science direct, Research gate dari tahun 2010-2021 terhadap hasil penelitian yang sudah dipublikasikan dalam jurnal, prosiding maupun naskah ilmiah skripsi/thesis. Hasil dari studi literature yang dilakukan diperoleh rekomendasi bahwa tanggungjawab memberikan pendidikan seks pada anak usia dini tidak hanya tanggungjawab sekolah tapi juga masyarakat terutama orang tua. Dengan adanya pendidikan seks sejak dini diharapkan anak-anak dapat melindungi dirinya dari kekerasan seksual
PENGARUH 5 TEKNIK FINGER PAINTING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK HALUS PADA ANAK KELOMPOK B
Authors: Chayanti Dinda Fitri Nur , Setyowati Sri
Published: July 2022

Salah satu kemampuan dasar anak yang perlu dikembangkan ialah kemampuan motorik yang terdiri dari dua yakni motorik kasar serta motorik halus. Menurut perolehan observasi awal diketahui bahwa kemampuan motorik halus anak masih belum berkembang secara optimal, sehingga perlu usaha menstimulasi kemampuan motorik halus salah satunya dengan memberikan aktivitas finger painting dengan maksud agar mengembangkan kemampuan motorik halus pada anak kelompok B di TK Istiqomah Surabaya. Penelitian ini berjenis eksperimen Pre-Eksperimental Design dengan jenis rancangan penelitian One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh anak kelompok B di TK Istiqomah Surabaya dengan sampel penelitian 24 anak. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik non parametrik menggunakan uji jenjang bertanda Wilcoxon Match Pairs Test dengan rumus  <  dengan menggunakan taraf signifikansi 5%. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data yang diperoleh  untuk N=24 dengan taraf signifikansi 5% diperoleh sebesar 81, maka (0<81). Dengan demikian, maka  ditolak dan  diterima. Sehingga, hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan 5 teknik finger painting berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan motorik halus pada anak kelompok B di TK Istiqomah Surabaya.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN DARING TERHADAP KOMPETENSI SOSIAL GURU PAUD
Authors: Apriliani Diah Rahma , Fitriana Winda Nidya Putri
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran secara Daring (Dalam Jaringan) pada Anak Usia Dini terhadap kompetensi sosial guru PAUD. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian survei. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru taman kanak-kanak. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru TK kelurahan Surodinawan Kota Mojokerto yang berjumlah 729 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik rumus random sampling, menggunakan metode slovin sehingga ditemukan hasil 88 sample. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui kuisioner berupa link berupa google form. Analisis data dalam penelitian survei ini menggunakan teknik persentase dan tabulasi silang. iAdapun iberdasarkan ipengujian ihipotesis, idiperoleh inilai it-hitung isebesar i2,163 idan it-tabel isebesar i1,98827, iyang iberarti it-hitung i> it-tabel i(2,163 i> i1,98827) idengan isignifikasi i0,003 i< i0,05 isehingga iH1 iditerima idan iH0 iditolak. Dari uji regresi diperoleh nilai R Square 66,9% atau kuat. Dengan demikian pembelajaran Daring berpengaruh signifikan dan berhubungan kuat terhadap kompetensi sosial guru TK Kota Mojokerto.

Kata Kunci: Kompetensi Sosial Guru, Pembelajaran Daring, Pandemi Covid-19.
Conexiones internacionales
Authors: Gracia Lana Julio
Published: July 2022

Publicamos el tercer número de la segunda etapa de la revista Neuróptica. Estudios sobre el cómic con la idea de aumentar la internacionalización de la publicación y su impacto fuera de las fronteras españolas
Kütahya Yöresi Orman Yangını Sahalarında Silvikültürel Uygulamaların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ERTUĞRUL Gülnur Saba , BİLİR Nebi
Published: July 2022

Bu çalışmada, ağaçlandırmada öncelikli alanlardan olan yangın sahalarındaki gerçekleştirilen silvikültürel uygulamalara yönelik; 2007 yılında yangın geçirmiş ve Anadolu Karaçamı [Pinus nigra Arnold. subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe] ile ağaçlandırılmış 1000 m² büyüklüğündeki üç alan örneklenmiştir. Kütahya Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü’nden örneklenen bu alanlar yaş, boy ve dip çap bakımından irdelenmiştir. Sahaların genelinde ortalama boy, dip çap ve yaş değerleri sırasıyla 221,3 cm, 6,7 cm ve 8,8 yıl olarak bulunurken; fidan sayıları ise 189, 204 ve 323 olarak belirlenmiştir. Uygulanan varyans analizi sonucu, örnek alanlar büyüme özellikleri bakımından %99 önem düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Duncan testi sonucunda, örnek alanların boy bakımından, yaş ve çapa göre daha heterojen bir yapı gösterdiği ortaya çıkmıştır. Korelasyon analizi sonucunda örnek alanlar (r>0,52) ve bu alanların genelinde (r>0,37); çalışmaya konu özellikler arasında istatistiksel bakımdan anlamlı (p<0,01) pozitif ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada, orman yangını sonrası ağaçlandırılan sahalarda başarı durumu irdelenerek, silvikültürel gereksinimlerin belirlenmesi ile ormancılıkta yangın kültürü gibi uygulamalara katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.
Profil Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Peserta Didik SMA di Kecamatan Selong pada pelajaran Biologi Berdasarkan Taksonomi SOLO
Authors: Nusfi Asri Muhammad Asfian , Jufri A. Wahab , Hadiprayitno Gito , Sukarso AA
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur profil kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik SMA berdasarkan taksonomi SOLO di kecamatan Selong, membandingkan kemampuan  berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik laki–laki dan perempuan, serta membandingkan kemampuan berpikir peserta didik sekolah negeri dan sekolah swasta. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling yaitu kelas XI dari dua sekolah negeri dan dua sekolah swasta di kecamatan Selong Lotim. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 40 orang dengan sebaran masing–masing 10 orang di setiap orang. Kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik diukur dengan instrumen yang dikembangkanan dengan mengacu pada taksonomi SOLO yang terbagi menjadi 5 level, yaitu prastructural, unistructural, multistructural, relational, extended abstract dengan kategori rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik di kecamatan Selong berdasarkan taksonomi SOLO yaitu 44,5% peserta didik dengan kategori rendah, 47% dengan kategori sedang, dan 8,5% dengan kategori tinggi. Kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik laki–laki dan perempuan berdasarkan taksonomi SOLO yaitu 40% laki–laki dan 49% perempuan dengan kategori rendah, 53% laki–laki dan 41% perempuan dengan kategori sedang, 7% laki–laki dan 10% perempuan dengan kategori tinggi. Kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik SMA negeri dan SMA swasta berdasarkan taksonomi SOLO yaitu 28% SMA negeri dan 61% SMA swasta dengan kategori rendah, 55% SMA negeri dan 39% SMA swasta dengan kategori sedang, 17% SMA negeri dan 0% SMA swasta dengan kategori tinggi.
TRACE OF THE ADJACENCY MATRIX n×n OF THE CYCLE GRAPH TO THE POWER OF TWO TO FIVE
Authors: Aryani Fitri , Puspita Dian Ayu , Marzuki Corry Corazon , Muda Yuslenita
Published: July 2022

The main aim of this research is to find the formula of the trace of adjacency matrix  from a cycle graph to the power of two to five. To obtain the general form, the first step is finding the general formula of the adjacency matrix from a cycle graph to the power of two to five. Furthermore, the formula of the trace of adjacency matrix which is mentioned above obtained and proven by direct proof. We also present an implementation of the formula which is given by an example.
DEVELOPMENT OF ANDROID-BASED “MBARENGI” STATISTICS E-MODULE AS AN INNOVATION FOR STATISTICS LEARNING MEDIA WITH HYBRID LEARNING
Authors: Astuti Cindy Cahyaning , Wiguna Akbar , Latifa Fitri Nur , Olvyya Amaydhi
Published: July 2022

The learning process is closely related to the interaction between educators and students. In order to facilitate the learning process, educators are required to make learning more innovative in order to be able to encourage students to study hard and be able to follow the learning process well. One of the innovations that can be done in the learning process is innovation in learning media. Learning media is one of the components of learning that has an important role in teaching and learning activities, especially in the transition after the Covid 19 pandemic. The use of smartphones can be one of the innovations of learning media by using Android-based e-modules. This research is development research or called Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE development model (Analyze, Design, development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The Android-based "MBARENGI" Statistics E-Module was validated by material experts, learning media experts, and tested on a limited scale sample. The results of the validation of material experts on the aspect of content material are 91.5% and on the language aspect are 93.2%. The results of media expert validation on the aspect of content quality are 92.3%, on design and audio aspects are 94.4% and the interaction and feedback aspects are 92.3%. In the test results, student responses obtained an average result are 88.8% which stated that the Android-based "MBARENGI" Statistics E-Module was feasible to be used in the learning process.
DEVELOPING DESIGN OF AUTOMATIC EGG QUALITY DETECTOR USING ROI AND RGB TEMPLATE METHODS
Authors: Herlambang Teguh , Suryowinoto Andy , Zakaria Moch , Tomasouw Berny Pebo
Published: July 2022

The eggs of purebred chickens always become the major choice for satisfying people’s needs for nutrients. The way to process them is easy, and the prices are relatively cheap for all people. Since the eggs of purebred chickens are in high demand, a device that can detect their qualities more correctly and accurately is needed, compared to the conventional method. Objective: An automatic egg quality detector was developed through a camera module of pixy cmucam5 by employing ROI and template RGB methods. The implementation of the ROI method could optimize the system performance, thereby accelerating the process of egg quality detection carried out by the preprocessor of the pixy camera. ROI analyzed the egg image only on the desired pixel area, not the whole pixel. As a result, the ROI method yielded a device and system that could detect the egg quality within the average speed of detection time -/+ 2ms per egg out of 4 trial categories. Meanwhile, the template RGB method was able to improve and ease the ability of the pixy camera module in detecting the egg quality. When the RGB index of the egg was < 234, then the egg was of good quality. Contrarily, when the RGB index of the egg was > 234, the egg quality was in a bad category. The contribution of this paper is to develop a low-cost automatic egg sorting and detection system with the advantages of flexibility in device placement, due to the use of camera modules and object detection accuracy, as well as better response time than using color sensors. Accordingly, the template RGB method produced a device and system which could detect egg quality with average accuracy of 90 % and average error of 10% out of 4 trial categories. And, the results of the trials upon the detector system indicated success in detecting the egg quality.
DETERMINISTIC AND STOCHASTIC DENGUE EPIDEMIC MODEL: EXPLORING THE PROBABILITY OF EXTINCTION
Authors: Ndii Meksianis Z. , Adi Yudi Ari , Djahi Bertha S
Published: July 2022

Dengue, a vector-borne disease, threatens the life of humans in tropical and subtropical regions. Hence, the dengue transmission dynamics need to be studied. An important aspect to be investigated is the probability of extinction. In this paper, deterministic and stochastic dengue epidemic models with two-age classes have been developed and analyzed, and the probability of extinction has been determined.  For the stochastic approach, we use the Continuous-Time Markov Chain model. The results show that vaccination of adult individuals leads to a lower number of adult infected individuals. Furthermore, the results showed that a higher number of initial infections causes a low probability of dengue extinction. Furthermore, factors contributing to an increase in the infection-related parameters have to be minimized to increase the potential reduction of dengue cases.
THE IMPACT OF BANK-SPECIFIC FACTORS ON NON-PERFORMING LOAN IN INDONESIA: EVIDENCE FROM ARDL MODEL APPROACH
Authors: Sinay Lexy Janzen , Latupeirissa Sanlly J , Pelu Shelma M , Tilukay Meilin I
Published: July 2022

Non-performing Loan (NPL) is an indicator that is generally used to determine the ability of bank management to manage non-performing loans. This study aims to analyze the impact of bank-specific factors on NPL. The bank-specific factors are Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return on Assets (ROA), Operating Expenses on Operating Income (BOPO), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). The data used is monthly time series data, a case study on Commercial Banks in Indonesia from January 2015 to August 2020. The model used to analyze these problems is Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The results obtained are ARDL(1,6,0,1,1) model is the best model. The model shows that bank-specific factors have a direct impact on NPL. Specifically, the ARDL bounds test offers the analysis results, which show that the ability of bank-specific factors to explain the NPL of commercial banks in Indonesia is 84%. At the same time, 16% are other factors outside the model. The analysis results show a long-run cointegration relationship between NPL and specific characteristics, CAR, ROA, and BOPO. Then, only CAR, BOPO, and LDR impact NPL in the short-run relationship. The equilibrium correction obtained is significant and confirms a long-run relationship. The equilibrium correction indicates a high velocity towards stability after a shock. It means that the performance of Commercial Banks in Indonesia is outstanding during the COVID-19 Pandemic because the ability to recover from shock is relatively faster
THE SIMULATION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL SHALLOW WATER WAVE EQUATION WITH MACCORMACK SCHEMES
Authors: Fikri Iffah Nurlathifah , Sumardi Sumardi
Published: July 2022

Many practical problems can be modeled using the one-dimensional shallow water wave equation. Therefore, the solution to the one-dimensional shallow water wave equation will be discussed to solve this problem. The research method used was the study of literature related to the shallow water wave equation and its solution method. The one-dimensional shallow water wave equation can be derived from the law of conservation of mass and the law of conservation of momentum. In this study, one of the finite difference methods will be discussed, namely the MacCormack method. The MacCormack method consists of two steps, namely the predictor and corrector steps. The MacCormack method was used to perform numerical simulations of the pond and tsunami models for one-dimensional (1D) shallow water wave equations with flat and non-flat topography. The simulation results showed that the channel's topography could affect the water surface's height and velocity. At the same time, a channel with a non-flat topography had a slower water velocity than the water velocity of a channel with a flat topography.
Analisis Kualitas Website E-Learning Universitas dengan Metode WebQual 4.0 dan Importance Performance Analysis
Authors: Handika Rio , Hasbi Muhammad , Susyanto Teguh
Published: July 2022

E-learning services are currently needed to support learning activities. Since the coronavirus pandemic, the existence of e-learning is very important for online learning activities. This e-learning service is to facilitate for college who must be learned from home. This makes e-learning need to be measured its effectiveness. The purpose of this research is to analyze the quality of the e-learning website at University using the WebQual 4.0 and the Importance Performance Analysis to find out the gaps and what parts should be prioritized for improvement for better e-learning quality. The variables used are usability, information quality, and service interaction quality. The results of this research are based on the achievement value, the quality of usability variable is 80% (very good), information quality is 80% (very good) and service interaction is 79% (good). Gap analysis produces an overall gap value of (- 0.30) which means that the quality of e-learning is not in accordance with user expectations. From quadrant analysis, it is found that the indicators regarding interaction with the website are obvious and easy to understand, the website appearance is attractive, and security of user's private information is included in quadrant I, which means that these indicators are the first priority for improvement of the e-learning website of University.
Modifikasi Tanda Tangan Digital Pada Skema Esign Berbasis Kurva Eliptik
Authors: Carita Sa'aadah Sajjana , Wahyuni Evie Sri
Published: July 2022

Digital signature has an important role in the digital era, where more and more people are joining the paperless life. Many cryptographic researchers support digital development by creating cryptographic schemes that are safe to use, and one of them is digital signature. This paper proposes a digital signature scheme based on an elliptic curve defined over with , where  and   are private keys of prime number elements. This scheme utilizes the advantages of elliptic curve cryptography in terms of security by using points that satisfy the elliptic curve equation. Additionally, the shorter key size increases the speed, making this scheme faster in signature values generation and verification process.This research was conducted to determine the differences between the modified ESIGN scheme based on elliptic curve and the original ESIGN scheme. The process of finding the point on the ring , with a large , resulted in a more complex key generation algorithm. However, the selection of two points in this key generation is precomputed. This means the actual signature value generation algorithm took significantly less time than the original. This is one of the advantages of the proposed scheme.
The Identification of the Rhyme in the Muʿğam fī maʿāyīr ašʿār al-ʿağam by Šams al-Dīn Muḥammad b. Qays al-Rāzī
Authors: Dal Bianco Alessia , Orsatti Paola
Published: July 2022

The chapter on the ravī (the last ‘letter’ of the rhyme), from the work al-Muʿğam fī maʿāyīr ašʿār al-ʿağam by Šams-i Qays (13th century), is deemed the earliest and more prestigious extant text describing the rules concerning the rhyme (qāfiya) in Persian verses. It focuses on the identification of the pivotal rhyming letter (ravī), that is the last segment of the rhyming word, around which the rhyme of a poem is built. In discussing this topic, Šams-i Qays touches on linguistic issues and gives a list of Persian suffixed morphemes for the first time. The present paper offers a new annotated translation of the section on the ravī from al-Muʿğam; it aims to clarify difficult passages and examples, highlight text inconsistencies, and identify several lines of poetry occurring in the text.
The Alans North of the Caucasus
Authors: Ognibene Paolo
Published: July 2022

The Alans, an Iranian-speaking people attested in the chronicles of the ancient world from the first century AD, played an important role in the Caucasian region until the Mongol invasion. They lived in the plains north of the mountain ridge, but after the Mongol invasion and the emergence of the Kabardian power in the region, they moved more and more towards the high mountains and began to live in the gorges of the Central Caucasus. But the memory of the Alan power persisted for long time and deriving from the Alans is still considered prestigious. For this reason, the Alan cultural heritage in this region is disputed up to the present day. This directly affects also the epos of the Narts, known in several languages of the region, which, although it was put in written form only from the nineteenth century, undoubtedly dates back to a very ancient period.
Gendering Piety, Justice and Violence: On the Aesthetics of Self-Killing in Han-Chinese, Naxi and Lahu Cultures (from the Late-Ming to Mid-20th Century)
Authors: Previato Tommaso
Published: July 2022

Self-killing in late imperial and modern China called into play gender disparities, and secular and religious morals often at odds with each other. Scholarship has long focused on Confucian virtue ethics that led young widows to follow their husband to death, or take a chastity vow and disfigure themselves to avoid rape, but little effort has been made to examine suicide practices cross-culturally. This paper compares such practices among Han women from the southeast coast and indigenous Naxi and Lahu women of upland Yunnan, throwing light on the aesthetics behind their struggles for justice, free-choice marriage and beliefs in posthumous love.
Two-stage AFAR calibration method
Authors:   AO NPP Istok nm. A.I. Shokin, 141190, Fryazino, st. Vokzalnaya, 2a, Lukovskiy M.A. , Matveev A.M. ,   Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993, Moscow, A-80, GSP-3, Volokolamskoe highway, 4
Published: July 2022

Based on the analysis of known methods of technical solutions, a two-stage method of calibration of the receiving active phased array antenna array (AFAR) of a long-range detection radar station (RLS) is proposed. The peculiarity of this calibration algorithm, which does not require physical modification of the antenna array and the use of expensive measuring equipment, makes it possible to determine the difference in the characteristics of the AR channels and compensate for this difference.
Using loss aversion and framing to nudge students' classroom performance
Authors: Bećirović Damir , Zahirović Suhonjić Anida , Stanić Marina
Published: July 2022

Behavioral economics suggests that people do not always decide rationally but are even predictably irrational. This gives rise to the concept of nudge, which creates an architecture of choices that encourages people to behave as they wish. Loss aversion is one of the best-known phenomena in behavioral economics and a central notion of the prospect theory. The main idea behind this phenomenon is that losses hurt more than gains feel good. The framing effect is a bias where people choose some options differently, depending on whether they are presented as a gain or a loss. In this quasi-experimental study, the authors examine the role of loss aversion and framing effects on students' engagement and academic success. This study aims to test the hypothesis that students will have a stronger reaction to the reduction of awarded points, as opposed to an increase of awarded points, as they progress through the course. This will motivate them to work harder and achieve better academic success. The results show significant differences between the two groups in favor of the group being graded using the point reduction grading scheme. This suggests that the power of loss aversion can be exploited to increase students' engagement and academic success. The existence of framing effect in this case has been demonstrated, which shows it might be possible to use the choice architecture to improve the student results.
Automation of the Control of Electric Drive of Manned Submersibles
Authors: Petrushin A. D. , Smachny V. Yu. , Lobyntsev V. V. , Fokin S. G.
Published: July 2022

Currently, there is an intensive development of manned and unmanned submersibles due to development of offshore oil and gas fields, development of underwater archaeology and exploration activities in transit zones regarding seabed mineral extraction. The depth of immersion and the nature of the underwater technical works performed determine not only the design of the underwater vehicle, its power-to-weight ratio and technical equipment, but also impose high requirements on reliability, survivability, and habitability, if the underwater vehicle implies that the operator is on board inside a pressure hull. The main objectives of the study carried out by the authors were to achieve high reliability and survivability of the main elements of the propulsion-steering complex, which ensure movement of a human-occupied vehicle in the water column, its positioning and retention at a given point in the water area.

For this purpose, it was proceeded to development of an automated control system for the electric drive of the propulsive device of manned immersible. The proposed developments include a flowchart of the movement control system, circuitry engineering solutions using power semiconductor devices to maintain operability of the electric drive in extreme and emergency operating conditions, and movement control algorithms. Electromagnetic calculations of the active part of the electric machine were performed by the finite element method, considering the geometric features of the dental zone of the rotor and stator. The proposed mathematical apparatus served to calculate optimal control actions of the electric drive and to quantitatively assess the reduction in electrical losses once optimal control was applied. The calculation of the optimal control parameters was carried out using the maximum principle. The initial conditions for auxiliary functions are determined by the Newton‒ Raphson method. A comparison of various modes of operation of the electric drive was made regarding their influence on duration of the campaign, and other parameters.

The calculations did not consider the parameters and geometry of the propulsive device (the propeller) since the developers of electric propulsion systems for manned and unmanned underwater vehicles of various classes often deliberately reduce the efficiency of the propeller to increase speed of the electric motor shaft, resulting in a decrease in the dimensions and weight of the latter.
The Method of Valuing of Logistic Outsourcing Services
Authors: Najafov E. M. O. , Hasanli O. N. O.
Published: July 2022

Outsourcing services widespread in developed countries have been used in the economic market of the Republic of Azerbaijan in recent years mainly in the fields of accounting, human resources, marketing, information technology and logistics.

Our previous study on «Logistics in the transport complex of the Republic of Azerbaijan» based on 11 criteria for the development of logistics outsourcing concluded that the lack of mutual trust between companies and their desire to maintain own control in most areas is one of the reasons explaining poor development of logistics outsourcing.

The proposed article proposes for discussion new criteria developed by us, in addition to ones existing and described in the scientific literature, to assess the existing concerns of companies before concluding a mutual agreement in the field of outsourcing and to conduct internal and external evaluations of logistics outsourcing services.

Considering that the criteria described in the research papers do not fully cover the internal evaluation of logistics outsourcing services, an additional criterion of risk assessment was proposed by us. In addition to the criteria already known from the scientific sources, two other criteria were developed by us also for the external evaluation of logistics outsourcing services, those criteria reflect the capacity of logistics providers and tracking of vehicles in use.

The problem of unreliability and mistrust between companies and enterprises will be solved to some extent by making the optimal decisions through the new method discussed in this article.
Analysis of the Passenger Transportation in the City of Khujand and the Prospects for its Development.
Authors: Salomzoda R. S. , Boboev M. M.
Published: July 2022

The article examines the state of transport services in the city of Khujand in the Republic of Tajikistan. Particular attention is paid to development of road public passenger routes.

In the framework of the analysis of prospects for development of public transport, the authors suggest a method of analysis of future needs for passenger transportation based on processing array of data on volumes of past passenger flows and construction of trendlines using several mathematical models, comprising relational model. Prognostic model has been verified by comparing analytical and actual data available for the year of the study. Calculated trends of the growth in demand for passenger transportation have also been confirmed by expert assessment.

The analysis resulted in forecasting growing demand on passenger transportation with public transport in the city of Khujand. The methods described are basic ones, and to better plan economic activity, more accurate forecasting tools are to be further used. However, convergence of the general trend towards accelerated increase in passenger transportation generated using different basic methods, allows building long-term strategy of development of the urban transport.
Carta anua parcial de la reducción de Nuestra Señora de la Encarnación de Itapúa de 1619 del P. Diego de Boroa al provincial P. Pedro de Oñate
Authors: Cantero Julio , Wionczak Norma
Published: July 2022

El presente artículo está enfocado en el análisis de una fuente jesuitas, la carta anua parcial que desde la reducción de Encarnación de Itapúa escribe Diego de Boroa a su superior Pedro de Oñate en 1619 reseñándole los hechos acaecidos en el último año en la reducción de guaraníes allí asentada. Allí se expresa el padecimiento de necesidades alimentarias, el temor sufrido por los naturales ante la inminente venida de militares, el padecimiento de una peste, y la partida de Roque González de Santa Cruz hacia el río Uruguay donde fundará nuevas reducciones.
THE HUMIDITY OF COALS (REVIEW)
Authors: V. I. Meshchanin , L. A. Lysenko , D. V. Miroshnichenko
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the presence of excessive moisture in coal, which leads to a decrease in its operational properties. The types and properties of moisture in coal have been considered. Mathematical equations and a statistical evaluation of the effect of the maximum moisture content on the quality indicators of coals are given. The relationship between the pore volume and the maximum moisture content in coals of a various degrees of metamorphism has been analyzed. It is shown that safe humidity depends on the grade of coal and on the size class for most coal marks. The effect of moisture on the bulk density of coal concentrates and coal charges has been determined, the changes in moisture during the coal defrosting and preparation for coking have been analyzed, and the effect of moisture on the flowability of coal charges was confirmed. The moisture content in the coal charge significantly affects on the thermal regime of the coke oven battery and on the heat consumption for coking. Moisture also changes the thermal properties of the coal charge during loading: for wet material, the thermal conductivity coefficient is much higher than for the dry material and the water separately. It has been shown that the maximum moisture content depends apon the nature of coal and the degree of its metamorphism, expressed by such indicators as the yield of volatile substances, the reflection of vitrinite, the content of carbon and hydrogen, as well as the calorific capacity. With the transforming of coal from a coarse size class to a fine one, the maximum moisture capacity increases due to an increasing of the specific surface area of coal. The maximum moisture capacity practically does not depend on the coal degree of oxidation and the chemical composition of coal ash. It has been established that the bulk density reaches a maximum for dry coal and decreases to a minimum depending on the size of the pieces at a moisture content of 6-10 %. The classification of coal charges according to moisture index has been developed. An increase of the moisture content in coal leads to a decrease of its grindability and reduces the coal fluidity. An increase of the moisture content of the coal charge leads to an increase of the calorific value of coke oven gas, to the formation of coke of uneven size, to an increase of its porosity and a decrease of mechanical strength, and also leads to a decrease of the service life of coke ovens. Keywords: moisture, coal, coking, preparation scheme, coke oven gas, mathematical equations. Corresponding author D. V. Miroshnichenko, e-mail: dvmir79@gmail.com
The impact of social inequality on schoolchildren's motivation for learning a foreign language
Authors:   G. S. Kostiuk Institute of psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Chykhantsova Olena
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of social inequality, which affects the quality of mastering foreign communication at school. Aim. To reveal the influence of social inequality on the motivation for learning foreign languages. Methods. Students' Motivation for Learning a Foreign Language questionnaire (O. Chikhantsova). The sample consisted of 300 students of 9th through 12th grades from urban and rural high schools in Ukraine. Results. The quality of learning a foreign language is affected by the social environment in which learning takes place. High-school students from regional centers had better knowledge of a foreign language compared to the students form small towns and villages. The motives for learning a foreign language at school included: cognitive, material, prestige of speaking foreign language, information exchange, personal development, and good employment prospects. Conclusions. The obtained rsults confirmed the assumptions about the existence of educational inequality among people from different social backgrounds.
Training program «Promoting the psychological health of heads of educational organizations in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School»
Authors:   Kyiv Regional Institute of Postgraduate Education of Pedagogical Personnel, Shevchenko Antonina
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Promoting the psychological health of secondary school principals is gaining great importance because of the ever-increasing number of stressors in their work. Aim. To develop the content and structure of a training program to promote the psychological health of heads of educational organizations in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School. Methods. The L. Karamushka technological approach and different types of interactive techniques (incomplete sentences, brainstorming, small-group work, corrective and developmental exercises, group discussions, role-playing games, psychological workshops, creative homework, etc.) aimed at organizing joint activities and promoting psychological health of managers of educational organizations. Results. The proposed 52-academic-hour-long training program «Promoting the psychological health of heads of educational organizations in the conditions of the New Ukrainian School» includes four training sessions: «Promoting the psychological health of heads of educational organizations as a component of their professional competence», «Modeling the individual trajectory of promoting psychological wellbeing of heads of educational organizations», «Personal resources of promoting the psychological health of heads of educational organizations», and «The effects of the educational environment on the promotion of psychological health of heads of educational organizations». Conclusions. The proposed training program can be used for psychological training of heads of educational organizations.
Social reflection as the basis of the mechanism of economic socialization of the individual
Authors:   G. S. Kostiuk Institute of psychology of the NAES of Ukraine, Zubiashvili Iryna , Lavrenko Olha ,   G. S. Kostiuk Institute of psychology of the NAES of Ukraine
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Economic socialization of the individual, which regulates socio-economic processes, takes place through the mechanism of social reflection and is realized in the system of social relations. Social reflection allows creating conditions for the development of the individual including their economic socialization. Aim. To make a theoretical study of the role of social reflection in economic society as the basis of the mechanism of economic socialization. Methods. Theoretical analysis of social reflection and its interpretation in psychological science. Results. The concept of reflection is a psychological phenomenon. It is the basis for personal independence and activity in the process of developing economic knowledge and economic experience in relations with other people. Conclusions. The concept of social reflection is a purely psychological phenomenon that represents a mental rational process or act aimed at analyzing and understanding of oneself, one's own actions, behavior, language, experience, feelings, states, abilities, character, and interpersonal relationships. The result of reflection is the manifestation of a social theory that explains the essence of economic socialization of the individual.
A new variety of Corydalis sibirica (L. fil.) Pers. (Fumariaceae) from Yakutia
Authors: Mikhailova M.
Published: July 2022

Many Corydalis DC. species are a nutritive base for worms and butterflies from genus Parnassius Latr. The trip to Yakutia in June — July 2015 aimed to discover relationships between these plants and insects. Some authors distinguish C. sibiriсa (L. fil.) Pers. as a forage plant for swallowtail butterfly Parnassius tenedius Eversmann and consider sporadic expansion of the butterfly depending on distribution of C. sibirica (Gluschenko, 1996; Korshunov, 2002). The distribution range of C. sibirica covers an area from the Arctic Siberia to Mongolia and Northern China (Heilongijang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia); isolated localities are known on the outskirts of eastern Ural Mts., along the Kakva River; as well as in Chukotka, Kamchatka (rarely), the Magadan Region and Khabarovsk Territory. Along its whole range, С. sibiriсa occurs on more or less disturbed habitats.

Plants with white flowers and intensely dove-coloured leaves were found nearby Kubume village in Oymyakon District of the Republic of Yakutia, side by side with common yellow-flowered ones. Laid eggs of the swallowtail butterfly were noticed only on С. sibiriсa with yellow flowers and did not present on white-flowered plants. Probably, the changes of flower colour will prevent these plants from being a fodder plant for Parnassius tenedius. The plants with white flowers are described as a new variety.
Dwarf species of Rosa (Rosaceae) section Caninae DC. Subsection Rubigineae Christ in the flora of Caucasus
Authors: Buzunova I.
Published: July 2022

A review of dwarf species of the genus Rosa L. (Rosaceae) section Caninae DC. subsection Rubigineae Christ in the flora of the Caucasus is presented in the paper. A key for the species identification, a brief synonymy, information on types, ecology and geographical distribution of the species is given.
Typification of some specific and infraspecific names in Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Geltman D.
Published: July 2022

Lectotypes and neotypes have been selected for 37 names in Euphorbia L., including two Linnaean ones: E. lathyris L. and E. paralias L. Special attention was paid to E. virgata Waldst. et Kit. var. orientalis Boiss., for which designation of a new lectotype is justified.
Synopsis of Malvaceae in the Central Asia
Authors: Krestovskaja T.
Published: July 2022

A brief critical revision of Malvaceae for the Central Asia is given. The work is based on the investigation of collections of Malvaceae from the Central Asia deposited in LE as well as on the data of floristic and taxonomic literature concerning this region. According to our revision, the Malvaceae in the Central Asia comprise 14 species belonging to 6 genera (species growing only under cultivation excluded).
New species of Deschampsia P. Beauv. (Poaceae) from East Siberia and the Russian Far East
Authors: Tzvelev N. , Probatova N.
Published: July 2022

Six new species of Deschampsia P. Beauv. from the Russian Far East (Magadan Region, Primorye Territory, Sakhalin, Kuril Islands) and three new species from East Siberia (East Sayan Mts.; coast of Lake Baikal) are described. Chromosome numbers are reported for eight species.
A new species of Festuca L. (Poaceae) from Tomsk Region
Authors: Enushchenko I.
Published: July 2022

The description of a new species Festuca ebeliana Enustschenko from Tomsk Region is given. The species is related to F. valesiaca, differing by its habitus, leaf blades (0.65)0.7–0.9 mm in diam., leaf sheaths in vegetative shoots closed for 1/4–1/3 their length, weaker sclerenchyma in leaf blades, and its position at the lower epidermis.
Tetraploid taxa (2n = 28) of the Festuca ovina L. aggregate (Poaceae) in Siberia
Authors: Enushchenko I. , Probatova N.
Published: July 2022

The species aggregate of Festuca ovina L. (sensu latissimo) contains a widespread diploid species F. ovina s. str. (2n=14) and some tetraploid taxa (2n=28) distributed in South Siberia: F. sphagnicola B. Keller (Altai, West and East Sayan Mts) and F. vylzaniae (E. B. Alexeev) Tzvelev (sands on the eastern lakeside of Lake Baikal). A new tetraploid species, F. hircina Enustschenko et Prob. sp. nova (2n=28), is described from the western part of Baikal Siberia, where it occurs mostly on anthropogenic habitats.
Checklist of the genus Corydalis DC. section Sophorocapnos Turcz. (Fumariaceae)
Authors: Mikhailova M.
Published: July 2022

A full-scale checklist of the species of Corydalis DC. sect. Sophorocapnos Turcz. (type species Corydalis pallida (Thunb.) Pers.) in Asia and North America is compiled for the first time. Information on types of both accepted names and main synonyms, details of ecology and distribution are presented. Lectotype of the name Corydalis oldhamii Koidz. is designated.
Measuring Complex Problem-Solving in Jordan: Feasibility, Construct Validity and Behaviour Pattern Analyses
Authors: ALRABABAH SALEH , Wu Hao , Molnár Gyöngyvér
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the role of strategic exploration and different problem-solving and test-taking behaviours in CPS success, using logfile data to visualize and quantify students’ problem-solving behaviour on ten CPS problems with different levels of difficulty and characteristics. Additionally, in the present study, we go beyond the limits of most studies that focus on students’ problem-solving behaviour pattern analyses in European cultures and education systems to examine Arabic students’ CPS behaviour. Results show that students in the Arabic school system interpret CPS problems the same way. That is, we confirmed the two-dimensional model of CPS, indicating the processes of knowledge acquisition and knowledge application as separate dimensions during the problem-solving process. Large differences were identified in the test-taking behaviour of students in terms of the efficacy of their exploration strategy. We identified four latent classes based on the students’ exploration strategy behaviour.  
Research funders should be more transparent: a plea for open applications
Authors: Horbach Serge P. J. M. , Tijdink Joeri K. , Bouter Lex
Published: July 2022

Transparency is increasingly becoming the new norm and modus operandi of the global research enterprise. In this mini-review we summarise ongoing initiatives to increase transparency in science and funding in particular. Based on this, we plea for a next step in funders’ compliance with the principles of Open Science, suggesting the adoption of open applications. Our proposed model includes a plea for the publication of all submitted grant applications; open sharing of review reports, argumentations for funding decisions, and project evaluation reports; and the disclosure of reviewers’ and decision committee members’ identities.In line with previous calls for transparency and the available evidence about these measures’ effectiveness, we argue that open applications could lead to more diverse collaboration, recognition of research ideas, fairer procedures for grant allocation, more research on funding practices, and increased trust in the funding allocation process.
The neural representation of subjective cost-benefit judgments
Authors: AISDL Mindsponge
Published: July 2022

Given the frequent occurrences of cost-benefit thinking in our minds, some intriguing questions arise: how do the cost-benefit thinking processes emerge?