bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seismic‐Parameter‐Based Statistical Procedures for the Approximate Assessment of Structural Damage
Authors: Elenas A.
Published: February 2014

This study describes two statistical methodologies to estimate the postseismic damage status of structures based on seismic parameters as novel combined procedures in earthquake engineering. Thus, a multilinear regression analysis and discriminant analysis are utilized considering twenty seismic parameters. Overall damage indices describe the postseismic damage status. Nonlinear dynamic analyses furnish the damage indices, which are considered as exact indices and references for the subsequent study. The aim is to approximate the postseismic damage indices or the damage grade of buildings using statistical methods, thus avoiding complex nonlinear dynamic analyses. The multilinear regression procedure evaluates the damage indices explicitly, and the discriminant analysis furnishes the damage grade of the structures. The proposed methods are applied to a frame structure. A set of 400 natural accelerograms is used for the training phase of the models. The quality of the models is tested initially by the same set of natural accelerograms and then by a blind prediction using a second set of synthetic accelerograms. The results of both proposed methods have shown a correct classification percentage ranging from 87.75% to 97.50% and from 70% to 90% for the sets of the natural and synthetic accelerograms, respectively.
Disability Identification and Self-Efficacy among College Students on the Autism Spectrum
Authors: Shattuck Paul T. , Steinberg Jessica , Yu Jennifer , Wei Xin , Cooper Benjamin P. , Newman Lynn , Roux Anne M.
Published: February 2014

The number of youth on the autism spectrum approaching young adulthood and attending college is growing. Very little is known about the subjective experience of these college students. Disability identification and self-efficacy are two subjective factors that are critical for the developmental and logistical tasks associated with emerging adulthood. This study uses data from the National Longitudinal Transition Study 2 to examine the prevalence and correlates of disability identification and self-efficacy among college students on the autism spectrum. Results indicate nearly one-third of these students do not report seeing themselves as disabled or having a special need. Black race was associated with lower likelihood of both disability identification and self-efficacy.
Fractional Variational Iteration Method for Fractional Cauchy Problems
Authors: Si-yuan Bao
Published: February 2014

The fractional variational iteration method is used to solve the fractional Cauchy problem. Some examples are given to elucidate the solution procedure and reliability of the obtained results. The variational iteration algorithm leads to exact solutions in the present study.
Solvability of a Third-Order Multipoint Boundary Value Problem at Resonance
Authors: Du Zengji , Zhao Bensheng , Bai Zhanbing
Published: February 2014

We discuss a third-order multipoint boundary value problem under some appropriate resonance conditions. By using the coincidence degree theory, we establish the existence result of solutions. The emphasis here is that the dimension of the linear operator is equal to two. Our results supplement other results.
Interaction between Aqueous Solutions of Hydrophobically Associating Polyacrylamide and Dodecyl Dimethyl Betaine
Authors: Ye Zhongbin , Guo Guangfan , Chen Hong , Shu Zheng
Published: February 2014

The interaction between hydrophobically associating polyacrylamide (HAPAM) and dodecyl dimethyl betaine (BS-12) is studied through surface tension, interfacial tension (IFT), apparent viscosity, aggregation behavior, and microscopic morphologies. Results show that surface and interface properties of BS-12 are largely affected by HAPAM. BS-12 critical micelle concentrations are increased with the increment of polymer concentrations. Abilities of reduced air-water surface tension and oil-water interfacial tension are dropped. The oil-water interfacial tension to reach minimum time is increased. HAPAM can form network structures in the aqueous solution. Mixed micelles are formed by the interaction between BS-12 micelles and hydrophobic groups of HAPAM in aqueous solution and self-assembly behavior of HAPAM is affected. With the increment of surfactant concentrations, the apparent viscosity, apparent weight average molecular weights (Mw, a), root mean square radius of gyration (〈Rg〉), and hydrodynamic radius of HAPAM increase first and then decline. Moreover, microscopic morphologies of the mixed system are formed from relatively loose network structures to dense network structures and then become looser network structures and the part of network structures fracture.
An Etiologic Profile of Anemia in 405 Geriatric Patients
Authors: Geisel Tabea , Martin Julia , Schulze Bettina , Schaefer Roland , Bach Matthias , Virgin Garth , Stein Jürgen
Published: February 2014

Background. Anemia is a common condition in the elderly and a significant risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality, reducing not only functional capacity and mobility but also quality of life. Currently, few data are available regarding anemia in hospitalized geriatric patients. Our retrospective study investigated epidemiology and causes of anemia in 405 hospitalized geriatric patients.Methods. Data analysis was performed using laboratory parameters determined during routine hospital admission procedures (hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin saturation, C-reactive protein, vitamin B12, folic acid, and creatinine) in addition to medical history and demographics.Results. Anemia affected approximately two-thirds of subjects. Of 386 patients with recorded hemoglobin values, 66.3% were anemic according to WHO criteria, mostly (85.1%) in a mild form. Anemia was primarily due to iron deficiency (65%), frequently due to underlying chronic infection (62.1%), or of mixed etiology involving a combination of chronic disease and iron deficiency, with absolute iron deficiency playing a comparatively minor role.Conclusion. Greater awareness of anemia in the elderly is warranted due to its high prevalence and negative effect on outcomes, hospitalization duration, and mortality. Geriatric patients should be routinely screened for anemia and etiological causes of anemia individually assessed to allow timely initiation of appropriate therapy.
Effect of Platelet-Rich Plasma on CCl4-Induced Chronic Liver Injury in Male Rats
Authors: Hesami Zahra , Jamshidzadeh Akram , Ayatollahi Maryam , Geramizadeh Bita , Farshad Omid , Vahdati Akbar
Published: February 2014

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been of great concern to the scientists and doctors who are involved in wound healing and regenerative medicine which focuses on repairing and replacing damaged cells and tissues. Growth factors of platelet-rich plasma are cost-effective, available, and is more stable than recombinant human growth factors. Given these valuable properties, we decided to assess the effect of PRP onCCl4-induced hepatotoxicity on rats. The rats receivedCCl4(1 mL/kg, i.p. 1 : 1 in olive oil) twice per week for 8 weeks. Five weeks afterCCl4injection, the rats also received PRP (0.5 mL/kg, s.c.) two days a week for three weeks. Twenty-four hours after lastCCl4injection, the animals bled and their livers dissected for biochemical and histopathological studies. Blood analysis was performed to evaluate enzyme activity. The results showed that PRP itself was not toxic for liver and could protect the liver fromCCl4-induced histological damages and attenuated oxidative stress by increase in glutathione content and decrease in lipid peroxidative marker of liver tissue. The results of the present study lend support to our beliefs in hepatoprotective effects of PRP.
Invasive Salmonellosis by the Very RareSalmonella choleraesuisin a Returning Traveler on a Tumor Necrosis Factor-αInhibitor
Authors: Eke Uzoamaka A. , Conte Harry , Anderson Paula , Lyons Robert W.
Published: February 2014

Salmonella choleraesuisis one of the least commonly reported nontyphoidal salmonellae in the United States, accounting for only 0.08% and ranking lower than 20th place among all human source salmonellosis reported to the CDC in 2009. In the state of Connecticut, only 12 cases have been reported since 1998 and our case is the only case since 2008. We report a case of invasive Salmonellosis caused bySalmonella choleraesuisin a patient on an antitumor necrosis factor-αagent (adalimumab) who recently returned from a trip to the Dominican Republic.
A Giant Pedunculated Urothelial Polyp Mimicking Bladder Mass in a Child: A Rare Case
Authors: Kaba Mehmet , Kaba Sultan , Kaya Tacettin Yekta , Eren Hüseyin , Pirinççi Necip
Published: February 2014

Ureteral fibroepithelial polyps are rarely seen benign tumors with mesodermal origin. These polyps can involve kidney, pelvis, ureter, bladder, and urethra. The most common symptoms are hematuria and flank pain. The choice of treatment is either endoscopic or surgical resection of polyp by sparing kidney. Here, we presented a pediatric case with giant, fibroepithelial polyp that mimics bladder tumor, originating from middle segment of the ureter.
Formulation Optimization of Arecoline Patches
Authors: Wu Pao-Chu , Tsai Pi-Ju , Lin Shin-Chen , Huang Yaw-Bin
Published: February 2014

The response surface methodology (RSM) including polynomial equations has been used to design an optimal patch formulation with appropriate adhesion and flux. The patch formulations were composed of different polymers, including Eudragit RS 100 (ERS), Eudragit RL 100 (ERL) and polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP), plasticizers (PEG 400), and drug. In addition, using terpenes as enhancers could increase the flux of the drug. Menthol showed the highest enhancement effect on the flux of arecoline.
Geometrical and P.D.E. Methods in the Treatment of the Theory of Shells: Comparing Euclidean and Affine Approaches
Authors: Gigena Salvador , Abud Daniel , Binia Moisés
Published: February 2014

The use of differential equations methods in the approach, treatment, and solution of problems in diverse areas of geometry, particularly in affine differential geometry is well known and prolific, where they have proven to be quite fruitful when it comes to the obtainment of definite results. It is perhaps lesser known that the same kind of those very same methods has been and is currently being used to treat developments in some specific areas of applied sciences, such as the theory of shells where, similarly, they can be proven to be quite effective as well. In this paper we precisely show that such is the case in two particular, related instances: the historic approach of the classical, Euclidean part of the theory pursued by Fritz John, in the past century, and the more recent expositions that we ourselves have dedicated to the affine counterpart of the theory.
On the Harmonic Problem with Nonlinear Boundary Integral Conditions
Authors: Hacene Saker
Published: February 2014

In the present work, we deal with the harmonic problems in a bounded domain of ℝ2 with the nonlinear boundary integral conditions. After applying the Boundary integral method, a nonlinear boundary integral equation is obtained; the existence and uniqueness of the solution will be a consequence of applying theory of monotone operators.
Effect of Growth Temperature on Structural Quality of In-Rich InxAl1−xN Alloys on Si (111) Substrate by RF-MOMBE
Authors: Chen Wei-Chun , Wu Yue-Han , Tian Jr.-Sheng , Yen Tzu-Chun , Lin Pei-Yin , Chen Jr-Yu , Hsiao Chien-Nan , Chang Li
Published: February 2014

In-rich InAlN films were grown directly on Si (111) substrate by RF-MOMBE without any buffer layer. InAlN films were grown at various substrate temperatures in the range of 460–540°C with TMIn/TMAl ~3.3. Structural properties of InAlN ternary alloys were investigated with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is shown that the deposited In0.8AlM0.2N (0001) films can be in epitaxy with Si (111) substrate with orientation relationship of [2̅110]InAlN//[11̅0]Si. Also, the growth rate around ~0.25 μm/h almost remains constant for growth in the temperature range from 460 to 520°C. Cross-sectional TEM from InAlN grown on Si (111) at 460°C shows that the epitaxial film is in direct contact with Si without any interlayer.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Underground Coal Miners
Authors: Liu Li , Wang Lie , Chen Jie
Published: February 2014

Although underground coal miners are quite susceptible to depressive symptoms due to a highly risky and stressful working environment, few studies have focused on this issue. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and to explore its associated factors in this population. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a coal-mining population in northeast China. A set of self-administered questionnaires was distributed to 2500 underground coal miners (1,936 effective respondents). Depressive symptoms, effort-reward imbalance (ERI), overcommitment (OC), perceived physical environment (PPE), work-family conflict (WFC), and some demographic and working characteristics were measured anonymously. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 62.8%, and the mean level was 20.00 (9.99). Hierarchical linear regression showed that marital status, education, monthly income, and weekly working time were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. A high level of depressive symptoms was significantly associated with high ERI, PPE, WFC, and OC. Accordingly, most Chinese underground coal miners probably have depressive symptoms that are mainly predicted by some occupational psychosocial factors. Efforts should be made to develop strategies to reduce ERI and OC, improve physical working environment, and care for workers’ family well-being, thereby mitigating the risk of depression among Chinese underground coal miners.
RSF1 Is a Positive Regulator of NF-κB–Induced Gene Expression Required for Ovarian Cancer Chemoresistance
Authors: Yang Yeong-In , Ahn Ji-Hye , Lee Kyung-Tae , Shih Ie-Ming , Choi Jung-Hye
Published: February 2014

Overexpression or amplification of the RSF1 gene has been associated with poor prognosis in various human cancers, including ovarian cancer. In previous work, RSF1 was identified as an amplified gene that facilitated the development of paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer. In the present study, we further demonstrated that RSF1 expression inversely correlated with paclitaxel response in patients with ovarian cancer and the mouse xenograft model. In addition, RSF1-overexpressing paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines were found to express elevated levels of genes regulated by NF-κB, including some involved with the evasion of apoptosis (CFLAR, XIAP, BCL2, and BCL2L1) and inflammation (PTGS2). In addition, ectopic expression of RSF1 using Tet-off inducible SKOV3 cells significantly enhanced NF-κB–dependent gene expression and transcriptional activation of NF-κB. An RSF1 knockdown using short hairpin RNAs suppressed these same pathways. Moreover, pretreatment with NF-κB inhibitors or downregulation of NF-κB–regulated gene expression considerably enhanced paclitaxel sensitivity in RSF1-overexpressing OVCAR3 and/or RSF1-induced SKOV3 cells. A coimmunoprecipitation assay revealed that RSF1 interacts with NF-κB and CREB-binding protein, a ubiquitous coactivator for NF-κB. Recruitment of RSF1 to the NF-κB binding element in the PTGS2 and XIAP promoters was demonstrated by the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Furthermore, hSNF2H, a well-known binding partner of RSF1, was partially involved in the interaction between RSF1 and NF-κB. Taken together, these data suggest that RSF1 may function as a coactivator for NF-κB, consequently augmenting expression of genes necessary for the development of chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. Cancer Res; 74(8); 2258–69. ©2014 AACR.
Context-Selective Death of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Triggered by the Novel Hybrid Retinoid-HDAC Inhibitor MC2392
Authors: De Bellis Floriana , Carafa Vincenzo , Conte Mariarosaria , Rotili Dante , Petraglia Francesca , Matarese Filomena , Françoijs Kees-Jan , Ablain Julien , Valente Sergio , Castellano Rèmy , Goubard Armelle , Collette Yves , Mandoli Amit , Martens Joost H.A. , de Thé Hugues , Nebbioso Angela , Mai Antonello , Stunnenberg Hendrik G. , Altucci Lucia
Published: February 2014

HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) are widely used in the clinic to sensitize tumorigenic cells for treatment with other anticancer compounds. The major drawback of HDACi is the broad inhibition of the plethora of HDAC-containing complexes. In acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), repression by the PML-RARα oncofusion protein is mediated by an HDAC-containing complex that can be dissociated by pharmacologic doses of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) inducing differentiation and cell death at the expense of side effects and recurrence. We hypothesized that the context-specific close physical proximity of a retinoid and HDACi-binding protein in the repressive PML-RARα-HDAC complex may permit selective targeting by a hybrid molecule of ATRA with a 2-aminoanilide tail of the HDAC inhibitor MS-275, yielding MC2392. We show that MC2392 elicits weak ATRA and essentially no HDACi activity in vitro or in vivo. Genome-wide epigenetic analyses revealed that in NB4 cells expressing PML-RARα, MC2392 induces changes in H3 acetylation at a small subset of PML-RARα–binding sites. RNA-seq reveals that MC2392 alters expression of a number of stress-responsive and apoptotic genes. Concordantly, MC2392 induced rapid and massive, caspase-8–dependent cell death accompanied by RIP1 induction and ROS production. Solid and leukemic tumors are not affected by MC2392, but expression of PML-RARα conveys efficient MC2392-induced cell death. Our data suggest a model in which MC2392 binds to the RARα moiety and selectively inhibits the HDACs resident in the repressive complex responsible for the transcriptional impairment in APLs. Our findings provide proof-of-principle of the concept of a context-dependent targeted therapy. Cancer Res; 74(8); 2328–39. ©2014 AACR.
Emergence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Late Middle-Aged Adults in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention
Authors: Koscik Rebecca L. , La Rue Asenath , Jonaitis Erin M. , Okonkwo Ozioma C. , Johnson Sterling C. , Bendlin Barbara B. , Hermann Bruce P. , Sager Mark A.
Published: February 2014

Aim: It is difficult to reliably detect the earliest signs of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated cognitive impairment. Our aim was to compare 3 psychometric methods of identifying amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) in a middle-aged longitudinal cohort enriched for AD risk. Methods: Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (WRAP) participants with 3 waves of cognitive assessment over approximately 6 years were coded as meeting each of 3 psychometric aMCI definitions: (a) ‘aMCI standard-baseline' used published norms to establish cutoffs for baseline performance; (b) ‘aMCI robust-baseline' applied WRAP-specific robust norms to baseline, and (c) ‘aMCI robust-multiwave' applied these robust norms across 3 waves of assessment. Each group was compared to a cognitively healthy subset. Results: Half the aMCI standard-baseline and one third of the aMCI robust-baseline group reverted to normal ranges at follow-up. Only the aMCI robust-multiwave method had an aMCI × age interaction showing significantly worse age-related memory declines in the aMCI group compared to the cognitively healthy group over 6 years of follow-up. Conclusion: Both cross-sectional methods showed instability over time, with many reverting to normal performance after baseline. The multiwave approach identified a group who showed progressive memory declines over 3 visits. Being able to detect progressive decline in late middle age is a critical step in improving prevention efforts.
Impairments of Interpersonal Functioning: Empathy and Intimacy in Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Jeung Haang , Herpertz Sabine C.
Published: February 2014

Impairments of interpersonal functioning are central to borderline personality disorder (BPD). Patients with BPD suffer from severe psychosocial dysfunction in general and - among others - disturbed romantic relationships. Compounding the problem, the diagnosis of BPD interferes with therapeutic relationships and results in pejorative and discriminatory clinical practices. Previously, interpersonal dysfunction has been related to emotional dysregulation, behavioral dyscontrol, and impaired social cognition. However, these features may be intertwined yet separate. In this review, we will focus on disturbed empathy and intimacy as they are referred to as two discrete impairments of interpersonal functioning in the new DSM-5 Section III. The aim of this review is to contribute to a comprehensive, integral understanding of interpersonal dysfunction in BPD based on the behavioral and neurobiological studies available up to now. Despite some inconsistencies, behavioral studies in BPD patients indicate impaired cognitive and affective empathy particularly in complex and ecologically valid measurements. These findings are reflected even more consistently in functional magnet resonance imaging studies. Low quality of intimate relationships in BPD may at least partially result from lower mentalizing abilities and cognitive empathy, higher personal distress and affective empathy in the social context. Finally, the evaluation of the severity and quality of impairment of interpersonal functioning may enable clinicians and researchers to describe and to understand the mechanisms of interpersonal dysfunction better, and to improve the effectiveness of the treatment of patients with BPD.
Patterns of Care for Craniopharyngioma: Survey of Members of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons
Authors: Hankinson Todd C. , Palmeri Nicholas O. , Williams Sarah A. , Torok Michelle R. , Serrano Cesar A. , Foreman Nicholas K. , Handler Michael H. , Liu Arthur K.
Published: February 2014

Background: Initial therapy for craniopharyngioma remains controversial. Population-based datasets indicate that traditional algorithms [gross total resection (GTR) vs. subtotal resection (STR) +/- radiation therapy (XRT)] are often not employed. We investigated neurosurgical practice patterns. Methods: A ten-question survey was electronically distributed to members of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Responses were analyzed using standard statistical techniques. Results: 102 responses were collected, with a median of 25 craniopharyngiomas managed per respondent. 36% estimated that their practice included ≥75% pediatric patients and 61% had an academic practice. 36% would recommend observation or XRT for a suspected craniopharyngioma in the absence of a tissue diagnosis, with 46% of these indicating this recommendation in ≥10% of the cases. Following STR, 35% always recommend XRT and 59% recommend it in over half of the cases. However, following STR or biopsy alone, 18 and 11% never recommend XRT. There was no association between the type of practice (i.e. academic or ≥75% pediatric patients) and practice patterns. Conclusions: This survey verifies that a deviation from established algorithms is common, underscoring the clinical complexity of these patients and recent secondary data analyses. This should influence clinical researchers to investigate outcomes for patients treated using alternative methods. It will lend insight into appropriate treatment options and contribute to quality of life outcomes studies for craniopharyngioma.
Complications of Intrathecal Baclofen Pumps in Children: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Ghosh Debabrata , Mainali Gayatra , Khera Jena , Luciano Mark
Published: February 2014

Background/Aims: Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy is useful in treating spasticity and dystonia but it has many complications, more so in children. The main aim of the study was to look at the complications of ITB pumps in children with the goal of future prevention. Methods: Charts of all patients ≤21 years with an ITB pump, implanted by a single pediatric neurosurgeon, at a single center, between 1996 and 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. Data regarding an ITB test trial were also recorded. Results: During 1996-2011, 119 children (mean age 13.2 years) underwent ITB pump placement; 84% had spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy. The gross motor function classification system level was ≥4 for most. The pump was removed in 5 (4.2%) patients due to inefficacy. The mean follow-up was 38 months. Mechanical complications requiring pump and/or catheter revision occurred in 19.3% and infections in an additional 21.8%. Seven patients (6%) had meningitis. No complication was noted after 72 months of initial pump insertion, even after pump reinsertion. Conclusion: There is a need for better infection control as well as better pump, catheter and surgical technology to lower the complications of ITB pumps in children.
Second International Consensus Conference on Advanced Breast Cancer (ABC2), Lisbon, 11/09/2013: The German Perspective
Authors: Harbeck Nadia , Marschner Norbert , Untch Michael , Decker Thomas , Hegewisch-Becker Susanna , Jackisch Christian , Huober Jens , Lück Hans-Joachim , von Minckwitz Gunter , Scharl Anton , Schneeweiss Andreas , Tesch Hans , Welt Anja , Wuerstlein Rachel , Thomssen Christoph
Published: February 2014

The Advanced Breast Cancer Second International Consensus Conference (ABC2) on diagnosis and treatment of advanced breast cancer took place in Lisbon, Portugal, on November 7-9, 2013. The focus of the conference was inoperable, locally advanced breast cancer. The diagnosis and treatment of metastatic breast cancer had already been discussed 2 years before at the ABC1 Consensus and were only updated regarding special issues as part of this year's ABC2 Consensus. Like 2 years ago, a working group of German breast cancer experts commented on the voting results of the ABC panelists, with special consideration of the German guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (German Gynecological Oncology Working Group (AGO) recommendations, S3 Guideline) in order to adapt them for daily clinical practice in Germany. The goal of both the ABC Consensus and the German comments is to facilitate evidence-based therapy decisions.
Discrepancy between the Clinical Image and Pathological Findings of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Harboring an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Gene Mutation That Was Surgically Resected after Gefitinib Treatment
Authors: Chikaishi Yasuhiro , Uramoto Hidetaka , Oka Soichi , Nagata Shuya , Shimokawa Hidehiko , So Tomoko , Yamada Sohsuke , Hanagiri Takeshi , Mukae Hiroshi , Tanaka Fumihiro
Published: February 2014

We herein describe a discrepancy between the clinical image and pathological findings in a non-small cell lung cancer patient with an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation who underwent surgical resection after gefitinib treatment. The patient was a 66-year-old female with c-stage IIIA lung adenocarcinoma harboring an EGFR gene mutation; she was surgically treated after receiving gefitinib. The pathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma, and the pathologically therapeutic effect was considered to be slight or of no response. EGFR T790M mutation and MET amplification were not present. The pathologically therapeutic effect is generally well correlated with the response rate after induction therapy. In this case, there was a discrepancy between the clinical image and pathological findings. Our findings, therefore, raise questions about the role of surgery after EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment.
Transcatheter Arterial Embolization for Shock Caused by Intratumoral Hemorrhaging in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Saijo Hiroto , Hayashida Kenji , Morooka Shin , Kuwabara Kaoru , Fujioka Masaki
Published: February 2014

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by café-au-lait spots and neurofibroma. Vascular NF-1 lesions are rare, but bleeding from such lesions can sometimes cause lethal complications because surgical hemostasis is difficult to achieve due to the fragile nature of the surrounding blood vessels and soft tissue. In recent years, some reports have suggested that transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is an effective treatment for vascular NF-1 lesions. We report the cases of 2 NF-1 patients who developed intratumoral hemorrhaging and were successfully treated with TAE.
Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells Produce Concordant Improvements in Regional Function, Tissue Perfusion, and Fibrotic Burden When Administered to Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Karantalis Vasileios , DiFede Darcy L. , Gerstenblith Gary , Pham Si , Symes James , Zambrano Juan Pablo , Fishman Joel , Pattany Pradip , McNiece Ian , Conte John , Schulman Steven , Wu Katherine , Shah Ashish , Breton Elayne , Davis-Sproul Janice , Schwarz Richard , Feigenbaum Gary , Mushtaq Muzammil , Suncion Viky Y. , Lardo Albert C. , Borrello Ivan , Mendizabal Adam , Karas Tomer Z. , Byrnes John , Lowery Maureen , Heldman Alan W. , Hare Joshua M.
Published: February 2014

Rationale:

Although accumulating data support the efficacy of intramyocardial cell-based therapy to improve left ventricular (LV) function in patients with chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy undergoing CABG, the underlying mechanism and impact of cell injection site remain controversial. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improve LV structure and function through several effects including reducing fibrosis, neoangiogenesis, and neomyogenesis.

Objective:

To test the hypothesis that the impact on cardiac structure and function after intramyocardial injections of autologous MSCs results from a concordance of prorecovery phenotypic effects.

Methods and Results:

Six patients were injected with autologous MSCs into akinetic/hypokinetic myocardial territories not receiving bypass graft for clinical reasons. MRI was used to measure scar, perfusion, wall thickness, and contractility at baseline, at 3, 6, and 18 months and to compare structural and functional recovery in regions that received MSC injections alone, revascularization alone, or neither. A composite score of MRI variables was used to assess concordance of antifibrotic effects, perfusion, and contraction at different regions. After 18 months, subjects receiving MSCs exhibited increased LV ejection fraction (+9.4±1.7%,
P
=0.0002) and decreased scar mass (−47.5±8.1%;
P
<0.0001) compared with baseline. MSC-injected segments had concordant reduction in scar size, perfusion, and contractile improvement (concordant score: 2.93±0.07), whereas revascularized (0.5±0.21) and nontreated segments (−0.07±0.34) demonstrated nonconcordant changes (
P
<0.0001 versus injected segments).

Conclusions:

Intramyocardial injection of autologous MSCs into akinetic yet nonrevascularized segments produces comprehensive regional functional restitution, which in turn drives improvement in global LV function. These findings, although inconclusive because of lack of placebo group, have important therapeutic and mechanistic hypothesis-generating implications.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00587990
. Unique identifier: NCT00587990.
Some Missing Chapters of al-Qirqisānī’s Kitāb al-Anwār Book II
Authors: Chiesa Bruno
Published: February 2014

‭This article contains an editio princeps of some additional fragments of Yaʿqūb al-Qirqisānaī’s Kitāb al-Anwār wa-l-marāqib on the basis of manuscripts from the Abraham Firkovitch collections, St. Petersburg.‬
Reception of Islamic Theology among Syriac Christians in the Thirteenth Century: The Use of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī in Barhebraeus’ Candelabrum of the Sanctuary
Authors: Takahashi Hidemi
Published: February 2014

‭The Syrian Orthodox Christian author Gregory Barhebraeus is known to have often drawn his inspiration and materials from the works of Muslim authors in composing his own writings. The paper provides an account of what is known about his borrowings from the works of Islamic theology, especially Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s Muḥaṣṣal afkār al-mutaqaddimīn wa-l-mutaʾakhkhirīn, in his major theological work, the Candelabrum of the Sanctuary, and attempts an assessment of his achievement through a comparison of this work with another of his theological works, the Book of Rays, as well as with Bar Shakkō’s Book of Treasures.‬
Christians and the Arabic Qurʾān: Prooftexting, Polemics, and Intertwined Scriptures
Authors: Griffith Sidney H.
Published: February 2014

‭Christians living in the World of Islam have had a lively interaction with the Qurʾān ever since it became widely available in the Arabic-speaking milieu of Umayyad and Abbasid times. This article discusses the multifaceted aspects of this interaction as they are disclosed in texts written by Christians in Greek, Syriac, and Arabic from the eighth through the thirteenth centuries. Christian writers quoted from the Islamic scripture, imitated its diction and style, wrote polemics against it, used its words and phrases as proof texts in their own apologetic texts, and appealed to the religious authority of the Qurʾān for its probative value. In many ways the Qurʾān effectively structured Christian religious discourse in Arabic and this article explores some of the ways this was the case.‬
Plaubelia burmensis, a new name for P. perinvoluta (Pottiaceae), with special reference to the phylogenetic relationship between Plaubelia and Hyophila
Authors: Mao Lihui , Zuo Qin , He Si , Zhang Li
Published: February 2014

The new name Plaubelia burmensis (Pottiaceae) is proposed for the species currently recognized as Desmatodon burmensis and for replacing the illegitimate name P. perinvoluta. The species is reported here first time from China. A detailed description and illustrations for the species as well as a diagnostic key to the currently recognized three species of Plaubelia are provided. A phylogenetic analysis based on four DNA loci from three genomic compartments (cp rps4, mt nad5, nr ITS and nr 26S) shows that Plaubelia species are nested within the Trichostomoideae of the Pottiaceae, sister to Hyophila involuta.
Gundelia dersim and Gundelia munzuriensis (Compositae), two new species from Turkey
Authors: Vitek Ernst , Yüce Ebru , Ergin Cemil
Published: February 2014

Two new species of Gundelia (Compositae) are described from Turkey, G. dersim Vitek, Yüce & Ergin sp. nov. and G. munzuriensis Vitek, Yüce & Ergin sp. nov.
A new epiphyllous species of Cololejeunea (Lejeuneaceae, Marchantiophyta) from China
Authors: Wang Jian , Zhou Ling-Yan , Zhu Rui-Liang
Published: February 2014

Cololejeunea sublatistyla J.Wang & R.L.Zhu sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Jianfengling National Nature Reserve, Ledong Co., Hainan Province, China. The new species is similar to C. latistyla R.L.Zhu but differs mainly in its rectangular-ovate, triangular or triangular-ovate leaf lobules, the smaller stylus (9–14 cells long and 2–3 cells wide), and female bract lobule without any lobular teeth.
Theories of the South: Limits and perspectives of an emergent movement in social sciences
Authors: Rosa Marcelo C
Published: February 2014

The article critically reviews the recent publications in the field of social sciences regarding the themes of ‘Southern theories’, ‘theories from the South’ and ‘epistemologies of the South’ seeking to understand the limits and perspectives of this current wave of critique to the social sciences establishment. Analyzing the works of Boaventura Santos, Raewyn Connell and Jean and John Comaroff the article defines the use of the term ‘South’ as a circumstantial project under which different notions of theory are in a dispute for legitimacy. Such disputes are bringing to the center of the sociological debate the very notion of ‘theory’ and its production in a geopolitical context where Southern social scientists are actively participating in the international debates.
Insurgency in Nigeria: A Comparative Study of Niger Delta and Boko Haram Uprisings
Authors: Aghedo Iro , Osumah Oarhe
Published: February 2014

The Niger Delta militancy and Boko Haram insurgency pose the greatest security threat to Nigeria since the end of the civil war in 1970. This article places both rebellions in comparative perspective. It argues that, though spatially and ideologically differentiated, both insurgencies are products of the dysfunctional character of the Nigerian state. Owing to poor governance, the state relies essentially on repression and the military option in managing challenges to its legitimacy, leading to the radicalization of violent non-state actors. The article recommends the need for developmental politics and a critical re-examination of the National Question to make the state more relevant to the people.
Agave nonwovens in polypropylene composites – Mechanical and thermal studies
Authors: John Maya Jacob , Sikampula Nokuzola , Boguslavsky Lydia
Published: February 2014

Blends of agave fibres with wool waste, pineapple leaf fibres and polypropylene fibres were manufactured by needle-punching technique. Composites were prepared with polypropylene matrix by the process of compression moulding. The effects of blend nonwovens on the mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of composites were investigated. Composites containing agave-polypropylene (A-PP) nonwovens exhibited superior mechanical properties compared to the other two. Storage modulus of the composites was found to be maximum for agave–pineapple (A-PALF) composites due to the increased stiffness of the composites. Damping was found to be decreased with incorporation of agave nonwovens. As part of product development, parcel trays for automotives were developed from A-PP nonwovens by compression moulding technique. This study looks at the effective utilization of plant and animal fibre waste in composites.
NHS Scotland reduces the postcode lottery for hip arthroplasty: an ecological study of the impact of waiting time initiatives
Authors: Kirkwood Graham , Pollock Allyson M , Howie Colin , Wild Sarah
Published: February 2014

Objectives

Following the election of the Labour government in 1997, policies were developed in England to reduce waiting times for NHS treatment with commitments to reduce health inequalities. Similar policies were adopted in Scotland but with less emphasis on the use of the private sector to deliver NHS treatments than in England. This study uses routinely collected NHS Scotland data to analyse geographical and socioeconomic inequalities in elective hip arthroplasty treatment before and after the introduction of the waiting time initiatives in Scotland in 2003.

Design

Ecological study design.

Setting

Scotland.

Participants

NHS-funded patients receiving elective hip arthroplasty delivered by the NHS and private hospitals between 1 April 1998 and 31 March 2008.

Main outcome measures

Directly standardised treatment rates and incidence rate ratios calculated using Poisson regression.

Results

There was a 42% increase in NHS-funded hip arthroplasties carried out in Scotland from 4095 in 2002–2003 (1 April 2002–31 March 2003) to 5829 in 2007–2008. There is evidence of a statistically significant reduction in geographical inequality (likelihood ratio test p < 0.001) but no evidence of any statistically significant change in socioeconomic inequality ( p = 0.108), comparing the 5 years after 1 April 2003 with the 5 years before 1 April 2003. The number of NHS-funded hip arthroplasties undertaken privately rose from 1.1% in 2002–2003 to 2.9% in 2007–2008, whereas the NHS Golden Jubilee National Hospital increased its share from 3.3% to 10.6% over the same period.

Conclusions

The reduction in geographical inequality, or ‘postcode lottery’, in hip arthroplasty treatment in Scotland may be due to increased NHS capacity, in particular the development of the NHS Golden Jubilee National Hospital in Clydebank, Greater Glasgow as a dedicated centre to reduce surgery waiting times.
The “Long Arm” of Childhood Health
Authors: Latham Kenzie
Published: February 2014

A growing body of research underscores the early origins of health in later life; however, relatively little is known about the relationship between childhood physical health and adult mental health. This research explores the relationship between childhood disability and depressive symptoms among a nationally representative sample of late midlife adults ( N = 3,572). Using data from Waves 8–10 (2006–2010) of the Health and Retirement Study, a series of ordinary least squares regression models were created to assess the number of depressive symptoms. Childhood disability was significantly associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms; however, late midlife social and health factors accounted for differences between those with and without childhood disability. Late midlife physical health appeared to be a particularly salient mediator. Individuals who experience childhood disability may accumulate more physical impairment over the life course, thus experiencing worse mental health such as greater depressive symptoms in late midlife.
Gender Ideology and the Sharing of Housework and Child Care in Sweden
Authors: Evertsson Marie
Published: February 2014

We use the Swedish Young Adult Panel Study to study spouses’ gender ideology and women’s and men’s division of routine housework and child care. The results show that men with an egalitarian gender ideology spend 1 hour more in housework per week than do other men and that their spouses spend approximately 2 hours less in housework than do other women. Women’s gender ideology, in contrast, only seems to influence women’s own time spent in housework (and not their spouses’). Couples wherein the woman and/or the man have a strong egalitarian ideology display a more gender-equal division of child care. Equality in child care and housework are linked and men spend more time in housework when they live in a family with a gender-equal division of child care. In sum, an articulated gender consciousness is a prerequisite for a gender-equal division of unpaid work, even in gender-egalitarian Sweden.
‘Heroes’ and victims
Authors: Nelson Adie , Desroches Frederick J
Published: February 2014

This qualitative article is based upon interviews conducted with 80 incarcerated bank robbers and examines how these offenders conceptualized ‘victims’ and ‘victimization’. Their accounts notably reverse conventional understandings of who is an ‘offender’ and who is a ‘victim’ by: casting ‘bank robbery’ as a ‘non-violent’ and ‘victimless’ crime; representing those who are victimized by their crimes as wannabe ‘heroes’ who are foolhardy and feckless; and positioning themselves as more sinned-against than sinning. However, these accounts may allow for remedial face-saving behaviour and represent attempts by offenders to delegitimate rule enforcers and/or others who would claim victim status as credible opponents.
The Velo gripper: A versatile single-actuator design for enveloping, parallel and fingertip grasps
Authors: Ciocarlie Matei , Hicks Fernando Mier , Holmberg Robert , Hawke Jeffrey , Schlicht Michael , Gee Jeff , Stanford Scott , Bahadur Ryan
Published: February 2014

We design, optimize and demonstrate the behavior of a tendon-driven robotic gripper performing parallel, enveloping and fingertip grasps. The gripper consists of two fingers, each with two links, and is actuated using a single active tendon. During unobstructed closing, the distal links remain parallel, for parallel grasps. If the proximal links are stopped by contact with an object, the distal links start flexing, creating a stable enveloping grasp. We optimize the route of the active flexor tendon and the route and stiffness of a passive extensor tendon in order to achieve this behavior. We show how the resulting gripper can also execute fingertip grasps for picking up small objects off a flat surface, using contact with the surface to its advantage through passive adaptation. Finally, we introduce a method for optimizing the dimensions of the links in order to achieve enveloping grasps of a large range of objects, and apply it to a set of common household objects.
Quantitative lung perfused blood volume imaging on dual-energy CT: capability for quantitative assessment of disease severity in patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Miura Sachiko , Ohno Yoshiharu , Kimura Hiroshi , Kichikawa Kimihiko
Published: February 2014

Background

Regional iodine distribution assessment on dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been suggested as useful for management of acute pulmonary thromboembolism (APTE) patients. However, no reported studies have made a direct comparison between quantitatively assessed DECT and right-to-left ventricular (RV/LV) ratio on CT for differentiation of right heart dysfunction (RHD) from non-right heart dysfunction (NRHD) in APTE patients.

Purpose

To determine the capability of DECT for differentiation of RHD from NRHD in APTE patients.

Material and Methods

Thirteen APTE patients underwent DECT and echocardiography at onset of APTE. Patients were divided into RHD ( n = 7) and NRHD ( n = 6) groups based on echocardiography. A normalized lung perfused blood volume map was generated, and two kinds of overall perfusion (OP) index were determined, one placed over each lung field (OP index A) and as the average from six regions of interest (ROIs) placed over each lung field (OP index B). The heterogeneity index was also determined as the standard deviation for the six ROIs. RV/LV ratio evaluations were also performed. To assess differences between the two groups, each index was statistically compared with the Mann-Whitney U test. The receiver-operating curve-based positive test was then performed to determine the feasible threshold value for dividing patients into the two groups. Finally, differentiation capabilities of the indexes were compared using McNemar’s test.

Results

Significant differences between the two groups were found for both OP indexes and RV/LV ratio ( P < 0.05). For each of the feasible threshold values, accuracy of each OP index with and without RV/LV ratio was better than that of the RV/LV ratio.

Conclusion

Quantitative DECT has good potential for differentiation of APTE patients with and without right heart dysfunction.
Investigation of neutrophil lymphocyte ratio and blood glucose regulation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sefil Fatih , Ulutas Kemal Turker , Dokuyucu Recep , Sumbul Ahmet Taner , Yengil Erhan , Yagiz Abdullah Erman , Yula Erkan , Ustun Ihsan , Gokce Cumali
Published: February 2014

Objective

Leukocytosis is thought to be directly associated with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. Increased white blood cell (WBC) count is related to cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; raised neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with metabolic syndrome. There is little information, however, concerning a correlation between glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and NLR. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between NLR and blood glucose regulation.

Methods

This retrospective study was conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, divided into two groups according to HbA1c levels: group 1, HbA1c levels ≤ 7%; group 2, HbA1c levels > 7%. Venous WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were determined.

Results

Of 71 patients included, fasting serum glucose, neutrophil and WBC counts were significantly higher in group 2 compared with group 1. NLR had a positive correlation with HbA1c.

Conclusion

There may be a significant relationship between NLR and blood glucose regulation. The authors propose that increased NLR may be associated with elevated HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.