bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two (or more) for one: Identifying classes of household energy- and water-saving measures to understand the potential for positive spillover
Authors: Sanguinetti Angela , McIlvennie Claire , Pritoni Marco , Schneider Susan
Published: July 2022

A key component of behavior-based energy conservation programs is the identification of target behaviors. A common approach is to target behaviors with the greatest energy-saving potential. The concept of behavioral spillover introduces further considerations, namely that adoption of one energy-saving behavior may increase (or decrease) the likelihood of other energy-saving behaviors. This research aimed to identify and describe household energy- and water-saving measure classes within which positive spillover is likely to occur (e.g., adoption of energy-efficient appliances may correlate with adoption of water-efficient appliances), and explore demographic and psychographic predictors of each. Nearly 1,000 households in a California city were surveyed and asked to report whether they had adopted 75 different energy- and/or water-saving measures. Principal Component Analysis and Network Analysis based on correlations between adoption of these diverse measures revealed and characterized eight water-energy-saving measure classes: Water Conservation, Energy Conservation, Maintenance and Management, Efficient Appliance, Advanced Efficiency, Efficient Irrigation, Green Gardening, and Green Landscaping. Understanding these measure classes can help guide behavior-based energy program developers in selecting target behaviors and designing interventions.
A side-sensitive synthetic chart for the multivariate coefficient of variation
Authors: Yeong Wai Chung , Lim Sok Li , Chong Zhi Lin , Khoo Michael B. C. , Saha Sajal
Published: July 2022

Control charts for the coefficient of variations (γ) are receiving increasing attention as it is able to monitor the stability in the ratio of the standard deviation (σ) over the mean (μ), unlike conventional charts that monitor theμand/orσseparately. A side-sensitive synthetic (SS) chart for monitoringγwas recently developed for univariate processes. The chart outperforms the non-side-sensitive synthetic (NSS)γchart. However, the SS chart monitoringγfor multivariate processes cannot be found. Thus, a SS chart for multivariate processes is proposed in this paper. A SS chart for multivariate processes is important as multiple quality characteristic that are correlated with each other are frequently encountered in practical scenarios. Based on numerical examples, the side-sensitivity feature that is included in the multivariate syntheticγchart significantly improves the sensitivity of the chart based on the run length performance, particularly in detecting small shifts (τ), and for small sample size (n), as well as a large number of variables (p) and in-controlγ(γ0). The multivariate SS chart also significantly outperforms the Shewhartγchart, and marginally outperforms the Multivariate Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (MEWMA)γchart when shift sizes are moderate and large. To show its implementation, the proposed multivariate SS chart is adopted to monitor investment risks.
Glycolaldehyde induces synergistic effects on vascular inflammation in TNF-α-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Lee Hee-Weon , Gu Min Ji , Yoo Guijae , Choi In-Wook , Lee Sang-Hoon , Kim Yoonsook , Ha Sang Keun
Published: July 2022

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that contributes to disease progression is associated with the expression of adhesion molecules in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Glycolaldehyde (GA) has been shown to impair cellular function in various disorders, including diabetes, and renal diseases. This study investigated the effect of GA on the expression of adhesion molecules in the mouse VSMC line, MOVAS-1. Co-incubation of VSMCs with GA (25–50 μM) dose-dependently increased the protein and mRNA level of Vcam-1 and ICAM-1. Additionally, GA upregulated intracellular ROS production and phosphorylation of MAPK and NK-κB. GA also elevated TNF-α-induced PI3K-AKT activation. Furthermore, GA enhanced TNF-α-activated IκBα kinase activation, subsequent IκBα degradation, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. These findings suggest that GA stumulated VSMC adhesive capacity and the induction of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in VSMCs through inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, providing insights into the effect of GA to induce inflammation within atherosclerotic lesions.
Assessing behavioural profiles following neutral, positive and negative feedback
Authors: Dahal Rimsa , MacLellan Kelsey , Vavrek Danielle , Dyson Benjamin James
Published: July 2022

Previous data suggest zero-value, neutral outcomes (draw) are subjectively assigned negative rather than positive valence. The combined observations of faster rather than slower reaction times, subsequent actions defined by shift rather than stay behaviour, reduced flexibility, and, larger rather than smaller deviations from optimal performance following draws all align with the consequences of explicitly negative outcomes such as losses. We further tested the relationships between neutral, positive and negative outcomes by manipulating value salience and observing their behavioural profiles. Despite speeded reaction times and a non-significant bias towards shift behaviour similar to losses when draws were assigned the value of 0 (Experiment 1), the degree of shift behaviour approached an approximation of optimal performance when the draw value was explicitly positive (+1). This was in contrast to when the draw value was explicitly negative (-1), which led to a significant increase in the degree of shift behaviour (Experiment 2). Similar modifications were absent when the same value manipulations were applied to win or lose trials (Experiment 3). Rather than viewing draws as neutral and valence-free outcomes, the processing cascade generated by draws produces a complex behavioural profile containing elements found in response to both explicitly positive and explicitly negative results.
Android malware analysis in a nutshell
Authors: Almomani Iman , Ahmed Mohanned , El-Shafai Walid
Published: July 2022

This paper offers a comprehensive analysis model for android malware. The model presents the essential factors affecting the analysis results of android malware that are vision-based. Current android malware analysis and solutions might consider one or some of these factors while building their malware predictive systems. However, this paper comprehensively highlights these factors and their impacts through a deep empirical study. The study comprises 22 CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) algorithms, 21 of them are well-known, and one proposed algorithm. Additionally, several types of files are considered before converting them to images, and two benchmark android malware datasets are utilized. Finally, comprehensive evaluation metrics are measured to assess the produced predictive models from the security and complexity perspectives. Consequently, guiding researchers and developers to plan and build efficient malware analysis systems that meet their requirements and resources. The results reveal that some factors might significantly impact the performance of the malware analysis solution. For example, from a security perspective, the accuracy, F1-score, precision, and recall are improved by 131.29%, 236.44%, 192%, and 131.29%, respectively, when changing one factor and fixing all other factors under study. Similar results are observed in the case of complexity assessment, including testing time, CPU usage, storage size, and pre-processing speed, proving the importance of the proposed android malware analysis model.
Effects of tonotopic matching and spatial cues on segregation of competing speech in simulations of bilateral cochlear implants
Authors: Thomas Mathew , Willis Shelby , Galvin John J. , Fu Qian-Jie
Published: July 2022

In the clinical fitting of cochlear implants (CIs), the lowest input acoustic frequency is typically much lower than the characteristic frequency associated with the most apical electrode position, due to the limited electrode insertion depth. For bilateral CI users, electrode positions may differ across ears. However, the same acoustic-to-electrode frequency allocation table (FAT) is typically assigned to both ears. As such, bilateral CI users may experience both intra-aural frequency mismatch within each ear and inter-aural mismatch across ears. This inter-aural mismatch may limit the ability of bilateral CI users to take advantage of spatial cues when attempting to segregate competing speech. Adjusting the FAT to tonotopically match the electrode position in each ear (i.e., increasing the low acoustic input frequency) is theorized to reduce this inter-aural mismatch. Unfortunately, this approach may also introduce the loss of acoustic information below the modified input acoustic frequency. The present study explored the trade-off between reduced inter-aural frequency mismatch and low-frequency information loss for segregation of competing speech. Normal-hearing participants were tested while listening to acoustic simulations of bilateral CIs. Speech reception thresholds (SRTs) were measured for target sentences produced by a male talker in the presence of two different male talkers. Masker speech was either co-located with or spatially separated from the target speech. The bilateral CI simulations were produced by 16-channel sinewave vocoders; the simulated insertion depth was fixed in one ear and varied in the other ear, resulting in an inter-aural mismatch of 0, 2, or 6 mm in terms of cochlear place. Two FAT conditions were compared: 1) clinical (200–8000 Hz in both ears), or 2) matched to the simulated insertion depth in each ear. Results showed that SRTs were significantly lower with the matched than with the clinical FAT, regardless of the insertion depth or spatial configuration of the masker speech. The largest improvement in SRTs with the matched FAT was observed when the inter-aural mismatch was largest (6 mm). These results suggest that minimizing inter-aural mismatch with tonotopically matched FATs may benefit bilateral CI users’ ability to segregate competing speech despite substantial low-frequency information loss in ears with shallow insertion depths.
Dormancy-release, germination and seedling growth of Paeonia ostii ‘Fengdan’ seeds under measures of physical and chemical treatment and sowing
Authors: Li Yuying , Guo Qi , Zhang Kaiyue , Wang Hao , Jia Changsong , Guo Dalong , Guo Lili , Hou Xiaogai
Published: July 2022

Paeonia ostii‘Fengdan’, a woody oleaginous plant native from China, is considered an oil crop with economic potential. However, a low germination rate was still a restriction forPaeonia ostii‘Fengdan’ production. The present research evaluated the germination, rooting and physiological characteristics of seedlings ofPaeonia ostii‘Fengdan’ in response to different physical treatments and the application of exogenous chemicals. Results indicated that seeds stored in sand at room temperature, and soaked in water for 3 days prior to planting, had a beneficial effect on hypocotyl dormancy-breaking. The rate of rooting and root growth ofPaeonia ostii‘Fengdan’ were significantly improved with 5 cm sowing depth in 15–20℃ soils. Compared with other sowing depths, the rooting percentage was significantly increased by 1.19% (2.5 cm), 0.98% (7.5 cm) and 1.47% (10 cm), respectively. Epicotyl dormancy was relieved when taproot length reached 50 mm. Soaking seeds in 0.76 mmol/L 5-aminolevulinic acid for 48 hours had the greatest beneficial effect on seed germination and seedling growth, the germination percentage was significantly increased by 4.25% (24 h) and 5.08% (72 h) compared with other treatments. While seed soaked in 10 mmol/L sodium nitroprusside for 48 hours also exhibited enhanced seedling growth, and the germination percentage was significantly increased by 4.36% (24 h) and 7.40% (72 h). Those results benefited seed germination and seedling growth ofPaeonia ostii‘Fengdan’ which could suggest the promotion of its industrial values and productive potentials. The mechanism of seed breaking dormancy and germination ofPaeonia ostii‘Fengdan’ needs further study.
Astrocytes and pericytes attenuate severely injured patient plasma mediated expression of tight junction proteins in endothelial cells
Authors: Stafford Preston , Mitra Sanchayita , Debot Margot , Lutz Patrick , Stem Arthur , Hadley Jamie , Hom Patrick , Schaid Terry R. , Cohen Mitchell J.
Published: July 2022

Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) breakdown is a secondary form of brain injury which has yet to be fully elucidated mechanistically. Existing research suggests that breakdown of tight junction proteins between endothelial cells is a primary driver of increased BBB permeability following injury, and intercellular signaling between primary cells of the neurovascular unit: endothelial cells, astrocytes, and pericytes; contribute to tight junction restoration. To expound upon this body of research, we analyzed the effects of severely injured patient plasma on each of the cell types in monoculture and together in a triculture model for the transcriptional and translational expression of the tight junction proteins Claudins 3 and 5, (CLDN3, CLDN5) and Zona Occludens 1 (ZO-1). Conditioned media transfer studies were performed to illuminate the cell type responsible for differential tight junction expression. Our data show that incubation with 5% human ex vivo severely injured patient plasma is sufficient to produce a differential response in endothelial cell tight junction mRNA and protein expression. Endothelial cells in monoculture produced a significant increase of CLDN3 and CLDN5 mRNA expression, (3.98 and 3.51 fold increase vs. control respectively, p<0.01) and CLDN5 protein expression, (2.58 fold change vs. control, p<0.01), whereas in triculture, this increase was attenuated. Our triculture model and conditioned media experiments suggest that conditioned media from astrocytes and pericytes and a triculture of astrocytes, pericytes and endothelial cells are sufficient in attenuating the transcriptional increases of tight junction proteins CLDN3 and CLDN5 observed in endothelial monocultures following incubation with severely injured trauma plasma. This data suggests that inhibitory molecular signals from astrocytes and pericytes contributes to prolonged BBB breakdown following injury via tight junction transcriptional and translational downregulation of CLDN5.
Trial registration of abstracts from the American Society of Anesthesiologists Meetings 2010–2016: A review of prospective trial registration and selective outcome reporting
Authors: Chong Simon W. , Imberger Georgina , Karahalios Amalia , Wang Andrew , Burggraf Millicent , Louis Maleck , Liskaser Grace M. , Bianco Anthony , Peyton Philip J.
Published: July 2022

Mandatory prospective trial registration was introduced in 2005 to reduce publication bias and selective outcome reporting. In this study, we measured the proportion of prospective trial registration in randomized controlled trials in the anesthesia literature after this introduction, discrepancies between these trial protocols and subsequent publications, the association between being prospectively registered and reporting positive or negative results, and between being prospectively registered and achieving publication. We reviewed all abstracts from the American Society of Anesthesiologists annual meetings between 2010–2016 and included randomized controlled trials in humans. The abstract conclusions were scored as positive or negative according to predetermined definitions. We conducted a systematic search for trial registration and subsequent publication. Of the 9789 abstracts reviewed, 1070 abstracts were included. 222 (21%) of these abstracts had undergone prospective trial registration. 168/222 (76%) had a corresponding journal publication. 81(48%) had a major discrepancy between registration and publication. 149 (67%) of the abstracts with registration had positive outcomes compared with 616 (73%) of those without (Odds Ratio 0.77; 95% CI: 0.56 to 1.06; P = 0.105). Abstracts that had been registered were more likely to proceed to publication than those that had not (Odds Ratio 3.82; 95% CI 2.73 to 5.35; P < 0.001). The proportion of randomized controlled trials being prospectively registered in anesthesia remains low. Discrepancies between registry entries and corresponding journal publications are common. There was no association between prospective trial registration and subsequent positive outcomes. There was a strong association between prospective trial registration and the likelihood of progression to journal publication.
Electron probe microanalysis of the elemental composition of phytoliths from woody bamboo species
Authors: Tan Shuhui , Li Rencheng , Vachula Richard S. , Tao Xinyue , Wen Mengdan , Liu Yizhi , Dong Haiyan , Zhou Lintong
Published: July 2022

Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) is promising for accurately determining elemental components in micro-areas of individual phytolith particles, interpreting compositional features and formation mechanisms of phytoliths in plants, identifying archeological and sedimental phytolith. However, the EPMA method of analyzing mounted slide phytoliths has not well been defined. In this study, we attempted different EPMA methods to determine the elemental compositions of phytoliths in mounted slides. Direct analysis of carbon (DAC) with other elements in phytolith could obtain abnormally high total values and carbon values. The method of carbon excluded in measuring elements (non-carbon analysis (NCA)) was feasible to obtain elemental compositions in phytolith. The NCA method was conducive to obtain the factual elemental compositions of an individual phytolith (morphotype) when the carbon content of phytolith was relatively low. The EPMA results of phytoliths from 20 bamboo species (three genera) showed that phytolith was dominantly composed of SiO2 but also included low contents of diverse other elements. The EPMA of phytoliths can provide the elemental composition of micro-areas of an individual phytolith particle. The elemental compositions of phytolith varied with their morphotypes, the genera and ecotype of bamboos. The EPMA of elemental compositions in phytoliths is a potential tool to study the formation mechanism of phytoliths, plant taxonomical identification, archaeological and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.
Exposure modality influences viral kinetics but not respiratory outcome of COVID-19 in multiple nonhuman primate species
Authors: Fears Alyssa C. , Beddingfield Brandon J. , Chirichella Nicole R. , Slisarenko Nadia , Killeen Stephanie Z. , Redmann Rachel K. , Goff Kelly , Spencer Skye , Picou Breanna , Golden Nadia , Midkiff Cecily C. , Bush Duane J. , Branco Luis M. , Boisen Matthew L. , Gao Hongmei , Montefiori David C. , Blair Robert V. , Doyle-Meyers Lara A. , Russell-Lodrigue Kasi , Maness Nicholas J. , Roy Chad J.
Published: July 2022

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019, rapidly reached pandemic status, and has maintained global ubiquity through the emergence of variants of concern. Efforts to develop animal models have mostly fallen short of recapitulating severe disease, diminishing their utility for research focusing on severe disease pathogenesis and life-saving medical countermeasures. We tested whether route of experimental infection substantially changes COVID-19 disease characteristics in two species of nonhuman primates (Macaca mulatta; rhesus macaques; RM, Chlorocebus atheiops; African green monkeys; AGM). Species-specific cohorts were experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2 by either direct mucosal (intratracheal + intranasal) instillation or small particle aerosol in route-discrete subcohorts. Both species demonstrated analogous viral loads in all compartments by either exposure route although the magnitude and duration of viral loading was marginally greater in AGMs than RMs. Clinical onset was nearly immediate (+1dpi) in the mucosal exposure cohort whereas clinical signs and cytokine responses in aerosol exposure animals began +7dpi. Pathologies conserved in both species and both exposure modalities include pulmonary myeloid cell influx, development of pleuritis, and extended lack of regenerative capacity in the pulmonary compartment. Demonstration of conserved pulmonary pathology regardless of species and exposure route expands our understanding of how SARS-CoV-2 infection may lead to ARDS and/or functional lung damage and demonstrates the near clinical response of the nonhuman primate model for anti-fibrotic therapeutic evaluation studies.
Comparison of tissue tropism and host response to enteric and respiratory enteroviruses
Authors: Filipe Ines Cordeiro , Tee Han Kang , Prados Julien , Piuz Isabelle , Constant Samuel , Huang Song , Tapparel Caroline
Published: July 2022

Enteroviruses (EVs) are among the most prevalent viruses worldwide. They are characterized by a high genetic and phenotypic diversity, being able to cause a plethora of symptoms. EV-D68, a respiratory EV, and EV-D94, an enteric EV, represent an interesting paradigm of EV tropism heterogeneity. They belong to the same species, but display distinct phenotypic characteristics and in vivo tropism. Here, we used these two viruses as well as relevant 3D respiratory, intestinal and neural tissue culture models, to highlight key distinctive features of enteric and respiratory EVs. We emphasize the critical role of temperature in restricting EV-D68 tissue tropism. Using transcriptomic analysis, we underscore fundamental differences between intestinal and respiratory tissues, both in the steady-state and in response to infection. Intestinal tissues present higher cell proliferation rate and are more immunotolerant than respiratory tissues. Importantly, we highlight the different strategies applied by EV-D94 and EV-D68 towards the host antiviral response of intestinal and respiratory tissues. EV-D68 strongly activates antiviral pathways while EV-D94, on the contrary, barely induces any host defense mechanisms. In summary, our study provides an insightful characterization of the differential pathogenesis of EV-D68 and EV-D94 and the interplay with their main target tissues.
A new adenine nucleotide transporter located in the ER is essential for maintaining the growth of Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Li Senyang , Qian Jiahui , Xu Ming , Yang Jing , He Zhengming , Zhao Tongjie , Zhao Junlong , Fang Rui
Published: July 2022

The lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the subcellular site where secretory protein folding, glycosylation and sulfation of membrane-bound proteins, proteoglycans, and lipids occur. The protein folding and degradation in the lumen of the ER require high levels of energy in the form of ATP. Biochemical and genetic approaches show that ATP must first be translocated across ER membrane by particular transporters before serving as substrates and energy sources in the lumenal reactions. Here we describe an ATP/ADP transporter residing in the ER membranes of T.gondii. Immunofluorescence (IFA) assay in transgenic TgANT1-HA tag revealed that TgANT1 is a protein specifically expressed in the ER. In vitro assays, functional integration of TgANT in the cytoplasmic membrane of intact E. coli cells reveals high specificity for an ATP/ADP antiport. The depletion of TgANT leads to fatal growth defects in T.gondii, including a significant slowdown in replication, no visible plaque formation, and reduced ability to invade. We also found that the amino acid mutations in two domains of TgANT lead to the complete loss of its function. Since these two domains are conserved in multiple species, they may share the same transport mechanism. Our results indicate that TgANT is the only ATP/ADP transporter in the ER of T. gondii, and the lack of ATP in the ER is the cause of the death of T. gondii.
Nemzetközi kitekintés – a 2021-es év három olvasáskutatási vizsgálatának módszertani áttekintése
Authors: Redenczki István
Published: July 2022

Írásomban szeretném áttekinteni az elmúlt év három olvasáskutatási vizsgálatát: egy francia felmérést, egy spanyolt és egy angolt. Ezen kutatások frissességük miatt mindenképpen szemlézésre érdemesek, továbbá az is indokolja áttekintésüket, hogy érintik a fiatal korosztályt, valamint a Covid-helyzet miatti egyes változásokra is referálnak. A dolgozat fókuszát azok az egyedi kérdések és gyakorlatok képezik, melyek a magyarországi gyermekek körében végzett olvasási szokásokat vizsgáló felmérésekben is hasznosíthatók lehetnek.
Erzsébet királyné a Covid árnyékában
Authors: Medgyesi Konstantin
Published: July 2022

A 2021-es covid-újranyitás markáns attrakciója volt a szegedi Móra Ferenc Múzeumban a Sisi-tárlat. A több mint 43 ezer látogató által a kiállítás minden idők ötödik legnézettebb szegedi tárlata lett.Azt állítjuk, hogy a nehéz covidos időszakban a látogatók igényelték a kulturális élményeket és a Sisi-tárlat ezt az élményfaktort biztosította. Szintén fontos tényező, hogy önmagában az Erzsébet királyné történeti brand elegendő felhajtóerőt biztosított a sikeres kiállításmenedzsment számára.A tanulmányban elemezzük a kiállítás létrejöttének kontextusát, a tárlat sajtókommunikációját, s számba vesszük a kiállításhoz kapcsolódó kulturális események tapasztalatait. Azt is bemutatjuk, hogy miként állt össze a kiállítás témakínálata, amely képes volt tízezrek érdeklődését felkelteni.
Praktikus szimbólumok
Authors: Hevesi Tímea Mária
Published: July 2022

Tanulmányunkban arra a kérdésre igyekszünk választ találni, hogy milyen módon segíthetik a szimbólumok a fenntartható társadalom kialakítását, s milyen lehetőségeket nyújthatnak az új kihívásoknak való megfelelés terén. Környezetelemzők szerint a sebezhetőség (vulnerability) csökkentésében kiemelten fontosak az anyagi valójukban nem megragadható (intangible) örökségelemek, melyek közé sorolhatók a szimbólumok is. Kutatásunkban azon archetipikus szimbólumokat vizsgáljuk meg, melyeket a gyakorlati (például a pedagógiai, pszichológiai) munka során is alkalmazhatónak vélünk.

Egyrészről, az archetipikus szimbólumok alkalmazhatóságával kapcsolatban áttekintjük a hazai és a nemzetközi szakirodalomban fellelhető kutatásokat, döntően a 2000. évtől napjainkig tartó időszakot szemlélve. A hazai és nemzetközi kutatások eredményei alapján az archetipikus szimbólumoknak elemezzük a jelentéstartalmait, majd kiemelünk néhányat az általánosan jellemezhető funkciói közül. Emellett példákat keresünk az archetipikus szimbólumok alkalmazásának lehetőségeire, gyakorlati példákon keresztül szemlélve azok vulnerabilitását, azaz válaszadási és helyreállítási képességét. Másodsorban, kísérletet teszünk egy archetipikus szimbólumokat összegyűjtő szimbólumleltár összeállítására, mely során – előre megállapított kritériumoknak megfelelően – kvalitatív tartalomelemzés módszerével vizsgáljuk meg a szimbólumtárakban található szimbólumokat. Célunk, hogy a gyakorlatban is alkalmazható, praktikus szóval jelölhető archetipikus szimbólumok közös funkcióit (például: életerőt adó, újjászületést segítő) megfogalmazzuk, majd ezen funkciókat a mai kor igényei alapján újrafogalmazzuk (például: motiváló, újrakezdést támogató).

Kutatásunk alapján arra a következtetésre jutottunk, hogy az archetipikus szimbólumok vulnerabilitása megfelelő, mert lehetőséget ad az új kihívásoknak való megfelelésre. Munkánk összegzéseként megállapíthatjuk, hogy az archetipikus szimbólumok olyan örökségelemek, melyeket a közösségek nemzedékről nemzedékre egyrészt átörökítenek, másrészt ezen örökségelemeket – a kollektív tudattalan feltételezésén alapulva – az ember születésétől fogva birtokol. Ezek az archetipikus képek, a jelen kor igényeihez igazítva alkalmazásukat, alakítják az identitásunkat és biztosítják a generációk közötti folyamatosság érzését.
A digitális múzeumpedagógia modellje
Authors: Ringert Csaba
Published: July 2022

Tanulmányom célja a digitális múzeumpedagógia definíciója, valamint az ehhez kapcsolódó modell bemutatása. Napjainkban a digitális eszközök fejlődése számtalan új, hatékony megoldást, lehetőség biztosít a múzeumok számára is. A 2020. év elején kirobbant világjárvány a kulturális intézményeket is bezárásra kényszerítette, így kénytelenek voltak intenzívebb jelenléttel kilépni a virtuális térbe. A korábbi fejlesztések előkerültek, a digitális tartalmak megújultak, és ami még fontosabb, megindult egy olyan léptékű oktatást támogató tartalomfejlesztés a múzeumi szektorban, amelyre korábban nem volt példa. Ennek a kényszernek a hatására igyekeztek az intézmények nagyobb szerepet vállalni az otthoni digitális oktatás támogatásában.
Recontextualising history in primary school: discourses in the classroom
Authors: Khawaja Amna , Puustinen Mikko
Published: July 2022

Employing Bernstein’s (1990, 2000) concepts of recontextualisation and pedagogic discourse, this case study aims to identify types of discourse and forms of knowledge in primary history lessons, and to explain the observations through teachers’ thinking. Two Finnish primary teachers were observed for nine or ten consecutive history lessons and interviewed twice following the observation period. The analysis is based on field notes, classroom materials and interview data. The discourses in the classrooms are discussed through the instructional aim of historical literacy. The results show that although the two teachers had different discursive profiles, substantive knowledge took precedence over procedural knowledge and second-order concepts. Students’ experiences and historical culture, when present, were not deconstructed through concepts and strategies specific to history. Thus, the discursive space in both classrooms was incompatible with that required for promoting historical literacy. In the interviews, both teachers expressed their unwillingness to skip topics in the textbook, which may have contributed to the predominant role of substantive knowledge. One teacher’s planning and implementation process indicated that active and intentional recontextualisation had taken place. These results suggest that teacher education should equip primary teachers with more procedural knowledge and the means to deconstruct historical culture and students’ everyday experiences.
Análisis de las tendencias temáticas y propósitos de formación de los programas ofrecidos para directivos docentes en Colombia
Authors: Moreno Mosquera Emilce , Gómez Hernández Félix Antonio , Cuesta Moreno Oscar Julián
Published: July 2022

Los directivos docentes cumplen un papel fundamental a nivel educativo y su rol ante las proble-máticas sociales y los retos que supone liderar pedagógica y administrativamente una escuela se constituyen en claves para entender la trascendencia de este cargo. En este artículo se analizan las tendencias temáticas y los propósitos de formación de los programas ofrecidos en Colombia para este cargo. Para ello, se retoman los resultados de un cuestionario aplicado a programas, el cual presenta información de 105 instituciones a nivel nacional (universidades e instituciones no formales). El principal hallazgo de este estudio se relaciona con que el desarrollo profesional y la gestión eficaz del directivo en el marco de la calidad educativa requiere de diseños curriculares que consideren las necesidades, las demandas sociales y el ejercicio mismo del liderazgo en la toma de decisiones que posibilite incidir en los rendimientos escolares.
Internacionalização do ensino superior por descrição bibliométrica com suporte em 76 anos de investigações indexadas na Web of Science
Authors: Bizarria Fabiana Pinto de Almeida , Moreira Márcia Zabdiele , Nascimento Lucas Alves do
Published: July 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo explorar a pesquisa sobre Internacionalização do Ensino Superior a partir de estudo bibliométrico com dados oriundos da Web of Science. O levantamento foi realizado em 20 de julho de 2021, buscando-se o termo “internationalization of higher education” no título do documento. Foram analisados 430 textos na pesquisa, no lapso temporal de 1945 a 2021. Considerando Zupic & Cater (2014), analisaram-se citação, co-citação, acoplamento bibliográfico, co-autoria e co-ocorrência de palavras-chave, além dos 10 artigos mais citados e dos mais atuais. Van Damme (2001), Guo & Chase (2011), Seeber et al. (2016), Bennell & Pearce (2003), Byun & Kim (2011), Teichler (2004), são mais referenciados entre os textos selecionados. Das palavras-chave, observa-se a presença de: mobilidade, globalização, conhecimento, cultura, currículo. Ressaltam-se referências à Teichler (2004, 2009), Svenja Bendelier, Hans de Wit, Vidya Rajiv Yeravdekar, Shibao Guo. Da rede de co-citação, Knight (2003, 2004, 2008), Altbach (2004, 2007), De Wit (1995, 2002), Horta (2009), Teichler (2004) e Hudzik (2011) são os mais citados. Dos artigos de 2021, observam-se problemáticas como desigualdade, racismo, colonialidade, como pautas importantes de investigação.
Library Technology – Between Local Tools and Global Solutions
Authors: Horstmann Wolfram
Published: July 2022

Digital information infrastructures such as Google or Wikipedia are often compared to libraries. As traditional libraries, they support the circulation of knowledge resources. However, they are neither operated by nor designed for library institutions. In order to describe the contribution of libraries to the digital infrastructures of the 21st century more precisely, the term Library Technology is applied in this text. Library Technology will be demarcated from terms such as Digital Libraries, a frequently used concept in Computer Science and colloquial language. The focus lies on present and future developments of infrastructures in science, such as the European Science Cloud (EOSC). It is suggested that the original contribution of libraries to current and future data infrastructure is present but not explicitly visible or referenced in communications. This rather hidden, implicit role is interpreted to be detrimental to the library identity in the 21st century. It is recommended to reference the role of the library more explicitly.
IgA rheumatoid factor in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Van Hoovels Lieve , Vander Cruyssen Bert , Sieghart Daniela , Bonroy Carolien , Nagy Eszter , Pullerits Rille , Čučnik Saša , Dahle Charlotte , Heijnen Ingmar , Bernasconi Luca , Benkhadra Farid , Bogaert Laura , Van Den Bremt Stefanie , Van Liedekerke Ann , Vanheule Geert , Robbrecht Johan , Studholme Lucy , Wirth Claudine , Müller Rüdiger , Kyburz Diego , Sjöwall Christopher , Kastbom Alf , Ješe Rok , Jovancevic Boja , Kiss Emese , Jacques Peggy , Aletaha Daniel , Steiner Guenter , Verschueren Patrick , Bossuyt Xavier
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Rheumatoid factor (RF) is a well-established marker for the diagnosis and classification of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Most studies evaluated IgM RF or isotype-nonspecific total RF assays. We evaluated the added value of IgA RF in this context.

Methods

An international sample cohort consisting of samples from 398 RA patients and 1073 controls was tested for IgA RF with 3 commercial assays. For all RA patients and 100 controls essential clinical and serological data for ACR/EULAR classification were available.

Results

The sensitivity of IgA RF for diagnosing RA was lower than the sensitivity of IgM RF. Differences in numerical values between IgA RF assays were observed. With all assays, the highest IgA RF values were found in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Double positivity for IgM RF and IgA RF had a higher specificity for RA than either IgM RF or IgA RF. The sensitivity of double positivity was lower than the sensitivity of either IgA RF or IgM RF. Single positivity for IgA RF was at least as prevalent in controls than in RA patients. Adding IgA RF to IgM RF and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) did not affect RA classification. However, combined positivity for IgA RF, IgM RF and IgG ACPA had a higher specificity and lower sensitivity for RA classification than positivity for either of the antibodies.

Conclusions

IgA RF showed a lower sensitivity than IgM RF. Combining IgA RF with IgM RF and ACPA did not improve sensitivity of RA classification. Combined positivity (IgA-RF/IgM-RF/ACPA) increased specificity.
Non-smooth evolution of non-Newtonian flows influenced by thermal effects
Authors: Ferchichi Jamel , Zolésio Jean Paul
Published: July 2022

Non-smooth evolution in thermo-viscoplastic flows is investigated.
The nonlinear Norton–Hoff model coupled with the unsteady heat system govern the fluid motion.
This contribution is an extension of the previous established works.
The novelty of this paper is to supply a close scrutiny result of the spawned interface through the medium of the pervasive Schauder fixed point.
Numerical results are exhibited to illustrate the effectiveness of the advocated approach.
Digital und kollaborativ: Arbeitsaufträge via Tickets in der internen Projektkommunikation
Authors: Berger Janina
Published: July 2022

Damit Informationsvermittlung auf Distanz gelingen kann, bedarf es u. a. geeigneter Methoden. Dazu zählen Software-Lösungen wie Ticketsysteme. Diese werden in diesem Artikel zunächst allgemein eingeordnet und anschließend mit besonderem Fokus auf die Textsorte Ticket aus textlinguistischer Perspektive beschrieben. Grundlegend dafür ist die Analyse von Daten aus drei deutschen IT-Unternehmen, die Ticketsysteme im internen Projektmanagement nutzen. Abschließend werden exemplarisch Chancen und Grenzen des Einsatzes von Ticketsystemen in Wirtschaftsunternehmen beleuchtet.
Non-discontinuous adjective-noun phrases in Latin poetry: preliminary observations
Authors: Kayachev Boris
Published: July 2022

In many respects Latin poetry deviates from the linguistic norms of prose; such deviations are often attributed to non-linguistic factors, with the result that the language of Latin poetry is more often studied by literary scholars than by linguists. A frequent poetic phenomenon are discontinuous adjective-noun phrases, which tend to be explained by appeal to various artistic considerations. The present contribution argues that syntactic discontinuity in poetry is not arbitrary, but is subject to linguistic constraints, which are largely the same as in prose. By scrutinising 120 non-discontinuous adjective-noun phrases in theCiris(out of a total of 531 adjective-noun phrases), it is demonstrated that the overwhelming majority of such phrases fall into a number of specific syntactic and semantic categories, while outside these categories discontinuity appears to be the rule.
Concepts of Biodiversity, Pluralism, and Pragmatism: The Case of Walnut Forest Conservation in Central Asia
Authors: Popa Elena
Published: July 2022

This paper examines philosophical debates about concepts of biodiversity, making the case for conceptual pluralism. Taking a pragmatist perspective, I argue that normative concepts of biodiversity and eco-centric concepts of biodiversity can serve different purposes. The former would help stress the values of local communities, which have often been neglected by both early scientific approaches to conservation, and by policy makers prioritizing the political or economic interests of specific groups. The latter would help build local research programs independent of pressures from economic or political actors. I employ a case study on environmental research on walnut forests in Kyrgyzstan in support of my argument. Against tendencies to frame different understandings of biodiversity in terms of geographical areas, I propose an interpretation drawing on the philosophy of ecology. Adherence to environmental pragmatism enables a sufficiently complex picture of developing environmental research in the area, capturing issues about scientific framings and local understandings.
Towards Anthropocentric Deep Ecology: Utilizing Esotericism within Ecophilosophy
Authors: Pitkänen Olli Petteri
Published: July 2022

This article has a twofold aim. First it is shown, based on Joseph Christopher Greer’s earlier analysis, that there is a close historical, and to some extent substantial, affinity between deep ecology and esotericism. Greer’s findings will be corroborated by applying three different definitions of esotericism to the question at hand. Second, based on Sean McGrath’s ecophilosophy, it will be argued that utilizing esoteric influences systematically in deep ecological context can help deep ecology to avoid some problematic aspects it is often accused of. Especially the esoteric conception of living nature can help deep ecology to bridge the gulf between nature and the human being, and thereby to avoid both theoretical and practical anti-humanism.
The Appeal of Environmental Master Metrics
Authors: Lähde Ville
Published: July 2022

Environmental problems are a legion, and of radically differing kinds. Yet the notion of a unified environmental crisis persists. Such unification has a solid basis, firstly because all areas of the world are interwoven into a global system of extraction, production, trade and consumption. Secondly, diverse environmental problems interact in many ways. However, too often this slips into problematic totalization, ignoring the important local socio-ecological specificities. The search for environmental master metrics, the attempt to find common units of measurement for diverse environmental impacts, is a consequential example of this. A path must be found between problematic master metrics that lack contextual understanding and can lead to perverse outcomes, and addressing environmental problems in a piecemeal fashion that overlooks a systemic view. One set of tools can never suffice when we are dealing with the complex and multifarious field of environmental issues.
The numeral system of P’urhepecha: historical and typological perspectives
Authors: Bellamy Kate
Published: July 2022

The internal structure of numeral systems can shed light on processes of word formation, language contact and change. In this article I analyze the numeral system of P’urhepecha on the basis of historical and contemporary sources. The system is unusual typologically and areally since it possesses monolexemic terms to six, while seven to nine are compounds with five; and the forms for the base (20) and next power (400) have clear non-corporeal meanings. I also provide a more nuanced evaluation of vigesimal counting systems in Mesoamerica. The language-internal and external findings underline the importance of more detailed historical studies of P’urhepecha.
Compact multi-coil inductive power transfer system with a passive peak detector circuit for wireless sensor nodes
Authors: Bouattour Ghada , Kallel Bilel , Viehweger Christian , Kanoun Olfa
Published: July 2022

In Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) the misalignment between sending and receiving coils is critical and significantly influences both transfer efficiency and charging time. It can be compensated by the use of multiple coils on the sender side. However, by increasing the number of sending coils, the supply circuit becomes big, complex and not easy to control.

In this paper, we propose a compact and efficient supply circuit for multi-coil IPT systems, which activates only the coil under the receiving coil. The receiver detection is based on a compact passive peak voltage detector measuring the sending coil voltage variation. The receiver coil position determination is supported by measurements of the sending coil neighbours voltages, so that a stable power transfer to battery-free wireless sensor nodes can be realized. The investigation of the influence of the type, the shape, and the size of conductive materials between sender and receiver shows that the system can distinguish between the receiver coil and different metallic objects such as iron, coins, and copper.
After the Perfect Storm
Authors: Berry Brieanne , Isenhour Cindy , MacRae Jean , Victor Erin , Blackmer Travis , Entwistle Jared , Silka Linda , Haedicke Michael , Lee Susanne , Saber Deborah
Published: July 2022

Recent disruptions in waste management, including the COVID-19 pandemic and China’s decision to limit waste imports from the United States, have shocked materials management systems across the United States. In Maine, these disruptions have been exacerbated by significant disturbances in the state’s waste management infrastructure. These shocks, emerging on multiple scales, combine to strongly impact Maine’s communities. Drawing on interviews with stakeholders involved in waste hauling, processing, outreach and education, as well as state and municipal government. Our paper explores how participants are leveraging these experiences to envision a more resilient materials management system for the state. However, as this case study illustrates, the complexity of materials management systems means that there is no single solution for ongoing, emergent, and unforeseen disruptions. Our research identifies tensions related to how to define system boundaries, the respective roles of the government and markets, issues of scale, and the dual need for both centralized and distributed solutions. Our exploration of materials management disruptions in Maine demonstrates the complexity of building and managing systems that attempt to balance the social, economic and ecological dimensions of materials management systems.
Dance with Glauthoritarian Urbanization: An Entrepreneurial Megacity in the Making through the Lenses of Civic Organizations
Authors: Long Yan , Luo Wei
Published: July 2022

How do formal civic organizations shape—and how are they shaped by—the making and transformation of urban space? Place-oriented civil society research emphasizes the central role of civic organizations in producing and changing unequal political and economic orders of cities but largely ignores the intercity connections and competitions that contribute to these local civic dynamics in a global capitalist system. Critical urban studies, in contrast, recognizes the influences of global capitalism and local city boosterism on city development but overlooks the paradoxical roles of formal civic organizations. Bringing the two scholarly camps in dialogue, this article explores how formal civic organizations are situated in entrepreneurial city-making in the Global South, when city governments promote their competitive advantage by boosting “social innovation” through nonprofits. Drawing on survey, interview, and social media data from a random sample of nonprofits in Shenzhen, China, our preliminary results highlight that the Shenzhen municipal government’s agenda to promote both global capitalism and authoritarian rules have shaped the urban spaces where nonprofits form and operate. In turn, nonprofits mediate the negotiations between the local state, market, and urban residents to create, transform, and reinvent unequal physical, social, and digital urban space in this Silicon Valley of China.
Effects of PEG simulated drought on the germination of Chimonanthus praecox seeds and the physiological response of seedlings to drought
Authors: Jiang Tianyi , Zhou Lanying
Published: July 2022

The effects of simulated drought on seed germination and seedling physiological response of Chimonanthus praecox under different concentrations of PEG-6000 (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25%) were studied. The results of the study showed that as the degree of drought intensified, the
germination percentage, germination potential, germination index and vigour index of C. praecox seeds decreased significantly. When the PEG-6000 concentration was 25%, the C. praecox seeds no longer germinated. As the degree of drought increased, the SOD activity in the seedlings
of C. praecox showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, while the activities of POD and CAT showed increasing and decreasing trends respectively; the contents of MDA, soluble sugar and soluble protein rose with the degree of drought going up. Correlation analysis showed
that all the germination indicators of C. praecox seeds were extremely and negatively correlated with MDA, and SOD, POD activity, soluble sugar and soluble protein content were extremely significantly positively correlated with MDA content. Therefore, the seedlings of C. praecox
under drought circumstances might increase the activity of SOD and POD, and enhance the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein to alleviate the oxidative stress and improve the adaptability of seedlings to drought.