bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patients with Somatic Illness and Accompanying Psychomental Health Problems have Similar Psychological Capacity Impairments Like Patients with Mental Disorders
Authors: Muschalla Beate , Jöbges Michael
Published: December 2020

Background: In patients with somatic illness and additional psychomental health problem, not only motor or sensory functions may be impaired, but also psychological skills which become more and more important for work ability in our modern working world. There are presently no data about the type and distribution of capacity impairments in patients with comorbid somatic and psychomental health problems. These data are however important for estimation of diagnostic and therapy requirements. This research thus investigates capacity impairment in patients who suffer from mixed somatic and mental health problems. Research questions are: (1) How many of patients with comorbid somatic and mental disorders suffer from clinically relevant capacity impairments according to Mini-ICF-APP? and (2) Do patients with different somatic diseaeses have different capacity impairments? Methods: 402 patients with comorbid mental and somatic health problems (out of 1016 screened patients) were in depth investigated in a clinical interview for mental disorders (MINI) and capacity limitations (Mini-ICF-APP). Results: At least half of the patients had any clinically relevant capacity impairment. Neurology patients (67%) and orthopedic patients (72%) were more often affected than cardiology patients (50.5%). Orthopedic patients are slightly more impaired in self-care, neurology and orthopedic patients are more impaired in mobility, and cardiology patients are less impaired in assertiveness.Conclusion: In comparison to patients with chronic mental health problems the number of capacity impairments is similar. The data from this study are important in order to estimate diagnostic and therapeutic needs in respect to capacity training or compensation of capacity impairments.
A Soft Wearable and Full Textile Piezoresistive Sensor for Plantar Pressure Capturing
Authors: Tan Yongsong , Ivanov Kamen , Mei Zhanyong , Li Hui , Lubich Ludwig , Li Huihui , Wang Chaoxia , wang lei
Published: December 2020

The trends of health wearable monitoring system have led to growing demands for gait capturing device. The comfortability and durability under repeated stress in the existing sensor-enabled footwear are still problems. Herein, a flexible textile piezoresistive sensor (TPRS) consisting of rG-cotton fabric electrode and Ag fabric circuit electrode is prepared. Based on the mechanical and electrical properties of two fabric electrodes, the TPRS exhibits superior sensing performance, which includes high sensitivity of 3.96kPa-1 in the lower pressure range of 0-36kPa, wide force range (0-800 kPa), fast response time (170 ms), remarkable durability stability (1000 cycles) and dection ability in differrent pressures. For practical application of capturing plantar pressure, six TPRSs are mounted on a flexible printed circuit board and integrated into an insole. The dynamic plantar pressure distribution is displayed through drawing the pressure maps during walking. The proposed full textile piezoresistive sensor is a strong candidate for next-generation plantar pressure wearables monitoring device.
Effects of Single Transplantation and Multiple Transplantation of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Recovery of Ovarian Function in the Treatment of Premature Ovarian Failure in Mice
Authors: Lv Xiaodan , Guan Chunyi , Li Ying , Su Xing , Zhang lu , Wang Xueqin , Xu Ma , Xia Hong-Fei
Published: December 2020

Background: Previous studies have reported that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from many human tissues can improve ovarian dysfunction. However, the therapeutic effects of single injection of MSCs and multiple injections of MSCs on premature ovarian failure (POF) have not been reported yet. In this study, we used long-term follow-up to study the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSCs) on the functional recovery of mouse POF models. Methods: In this study, we used a mouse model of premature ovarian failure induced by the combination of 120mg/kg cyclophosphamide and 30mg/kg busulfan. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect estradiol (E2) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in mouse serum. Evaluate ovarian function by counting follicles, ovarian weight, number of proliferating cells, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and oocytes. Results: Our study shows that hUC-MSCs have obvious therapeutic effect for the POF mice model, and treatment effect of multiple transplantation is better than single transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells were detected in follicular granulosa cells with tracer of the ovarian tissue freezing slice, which show hUC-MSCs to selectively migration and stay in damaged tissues. Genome Array screened a number of differentially expressed genes, the hUC-MSCs can change the level of expression of certain genes in the ovarian tissue, thus affecting ovarian function, and laid the foundation for us to further explore the mechanism of hUC-MSCs treatment of premature ovarian failure. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that hUC-MSCs transplantation significantly restored ovarian function after chemotherapy-induced damage.
Cancer Risk in Tuberculosis Patients in A High Endemic Area
Authors: Chen Guang-liang , Guo Li , Yang Shun’e , Ji Dong-Mei
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the risk of cancer after tuberculosis (TB), we performed a case-control study of the prevalence rate of TB in a high endemic area.MethodsFrom January 2016 to December 2018, a total of 45,455 patients were consecutively enrolled and divided into a malignant tumor group (n=32,539) and a benign tumor group (n=12,916). Patients with active and inactive TB before the diagnosis of cancer were retrospectively identified in the two groups.ResultsA significantly higher prevalence rate of TB was found in the malignant tumor group (n=1776, 5.46%) than in the control (benign tumor) group (n=175, 1.35%) (p<0.0001). The highest and lowest prevalence rates of TB in the malignant group were in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (16.74%) and thyroid cancer (0.77%), respectively. In multivariate analysis adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity, TB remained an independent risk factor for all cancers (odds ratio (OR) 1.68; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-1.97). Furthermore, TB was associated with a significantly higher risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cervical cancer, esophageal cancer, “other” cancers, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. Moreover, females with TB were more likely to develop cancer than males (p<0.0001), except for esophageal cancer and lymphoma.ConclusionTB patients have an elevated cancer risk. A screening strategy for TB should be taken into consideration before treatment in patients with some cancer types that are associated with a high prevalence rate of TB.
Artemin is Upregulated by TrkB agonist and Protects the Immature Retina against Hypoxic-ischemic Injury by Suppressing Neuroinflammation and Astrogliosis
Authors: Huang Hsiu-Mei , Huang Chao-Ching , Poon Linda Yi-Chieh , Chang Ying-Chao
Published: December 2020

Background: Hypoxic-ischemia (HI) is a major cause of acquired visual impairment in children of developed countries. Previous studies have shown that systemic administration of 7,8-dihydroxyﬂavone (DHF), a selective tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) agonist, provided long-term neuroprotection against HI injury in immature retina. However, the target genes and the mechanisms of the neuroprotective effects of TrkB signaling are not known. Methods: HI retinal injury was induced by unilateral common carotid artery ligation followed by 8% oxygen for 2 hrs at P7 rat pups. DHF was administered intraperitoneally at 2 hrs before and 18 hrs after HI injury. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was used to identify genes upregulated after DHF treatment, then confirmed with quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blot. Effects of the downstream mediator of DHF were assessed by intravitreal injection of neutralizing antibody at 4 hrs after DHF administration (24 hrs after HI). Meanwhile, the target protein was injected into the vitreous at 24 hrs after HI to validate its protective effect when exogenously supplemented. The outcomes were assessed by electroretinography and by histopathological sections of the rat retina. Results: Systemic DHF treatment after HI significantly increased the expression of artemin (ARTN) gene and protein at P8 and P10, respectively. The neuroprotective effects of DHF were inhibited after the blockade of ARTN protein with an increase in neuroinflammation and astrogliosis. ARTN treatment showed long-term protection against HI injury at both the histopathological and functional levels. The neuroprotective effects of ARTN were related to a decrease in microglial activation at P17, and attenuation of astrogliosis at P29. ARTN enhances phosphorylation of RET, ERK, and JNK, but not AKT or p38 in the immature retina. Conclusions: Neuroprotective effect of TrkB agonist is partially exerted through a mechanism that involves ARTN because the protective effect is ameliorated by ARTN sequestration. ARTN treatment after HI injury protects the immature retina by attenuating the late neuroinflammation and astrogliosis in the immature retina via ARTN/RET/JNK/ERK signaling pathway. ARTN can be a strategy to provide long-term protection in immature retina against HI injury.
Efficacy and Safety of PARP Inhibitors in Advanced or Metastatic Triple-negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Xu , Wu Kan , Zheng Dan , Luo Chuanxu , Fan Yu , Zhong Xiaorong , Zheng Hong
Published: December 2020

BackgroundPoly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have shown promising results in metastatic triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this drug in patients with advanced or metastatic TNBC.MethodsOn August 2020, we searched all published phase II/III clinical studies of PARP inhibitors in advanced/metastatic TNBC patients. Data were extracted independently by two authors and analyzed using Review Manager software version 5.3. End points included overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse events.ResultsTen clinical trials were identified, with a total of 1495 patients included. Pooled analyses showed that the addition of PARP inhibitors could provide a significant improvement of ORR (risk ratio [RR]=2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–3.50, p=0.02) and PFS (hazard ratio [HR]=0.68, 95 %Cl: 0.59-0.77, p<0.0001) compared to chemotherapy in the whole population. In subgroup analysis, BRCA mutated patients have a higher objective response to PARP inhibitor, with a RR of 2.85 (95%CI: 1.34–6.06, p=0.007) compared to BRCA wild-type patients. However, no significant differences in ORR were observed between homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) positive and non-HRD subgroup (RR=1.82, 95%CI: 0.81–4.08, p=0.14). Hematologic toxicities were common adverse events of PARP inhibitors.ConclusionsPARP inhibitors are an effective option for the treatment of advanced or metastatic TNBC patients. BRCA mutated patients could derive more benefits from PARP inhibitors when compared to BRCA wild-type patients. In clinical application, hematological toxicity related to PARP inhibitors should be monitored regularly.
High-precision Online Prediction Model of Plate Crown Based on Multi-factor Interaction Mechanism
Authors: ZhiQiang Li , Liu YuanMing , Wang Tao , Vladimirovih Ignatov Aleksei , Huang QingXue
Published: December 2020

The crown is a key quality index of strip and plate. Up to now, many plate crown prediction models have been established, however, the calculation accuracy of these traditional models is not very high. This is because these models only consider the effect of various influencing factors on the outlet plate crown under the basic process parameters, but these factors are not independent of each other. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of the plate crown prediction model, a high-precision prediction model of plate crown is established by introducing the evaluation coefficient that represents the influence of single factor on plate crown and the correction coefficient that represents the effect of factor a on the evaluation coefficient of factor b. This paper takes the steel SPHC as an example, calculates the plate crown without considering the correction coefficient and the plate crown considering the correction coefficient. Then, the two calculation results are compared with the calculation results of the coupled model and the accuracy of the new model is improved after considering the correction coefficient. In general, compared with the traditional crown prediction model, the accuracy of the new model is greatly improved.
A comprehensive multi-objective, multi-parameter and multi-condition optimization of a spiral groove in dry gas seals
Authors: Jiang Jinbo , Zhao Wenjing , Jin Jie , Li Jiyun , Peng Xudong
Published: December 2020

Dry gas seals are widely used in rotating equipment for fluid leakage control and operating efficiency enhancement. Multi-dimensional optimization of geometric parameters of the spiral groove was conducted with considering the comprehensive effect of working conditions, objective functions and the other geometric parameters. Different optimization methods were proposed for solving the multi-dimensional optimization problems. The optimal values of groove width ratio, groove length ratio and spiral angle for the excellent steady performance of spiral grooves under different working conditions were obtained by employing a genetic algorithm and loop iteration optimization method. The performance comparison of two dry gas seals with different geometric parameters was conducted experimentally to verify the effectiveness of numerical results. The results showed that optimal geometric parameters of the spiral groove were significantly influenced by working conditions, objective function and the other geometric parameters. Maximum film stiffness and stiffness-leakage ratio of the spiral groove dry gas seal obtained by genetic algorithm enhanced up to 30% and 45% larger than those obtained by the conventional single factor optimization. The film stiffness and stiffness-leakage ratio were more sensitive to geometric parameters of a spiral groove than that of opening force. The optimization results obtained in this paper provide a theoretical and experimental reference for the design of dry gas seals in different working conditions to meet various sealing performance requirements.
Tensile Properties characterization of Glass and Jute Fabric-based Hybrid Composites and Applications in Engineering
Authors: Khalid Muhammad Yasir , Arif Zia Ullah , Sheikh Muhammad Fahad , Arshad Hassan , Nasir Muhammad Ali
Published: December 2020

Composites have an exceptional prospective to replace traditional metals like steel and aluminium by offering low weight, high strength, excellent damping characteristics and outstanding performance at elevated temperatures. Jute composites are emerging significantly and are being used in the formation of green composites materials. In this study, glass-jute hybrid composites, prepared through hand layup techniques, were used with different layers of glass and jute fiber. The tensile test carried out on these composite materials was according to ASTM D3039 standard. The experimental results stipulate that the tensile properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) were not affected by the mixing of jute fiber in it. Also, the strength of single layer jute fabric with glass layers and GFRP composites was found out to be almost the same. Furthermore, the hybridization of jute fiber with glass fiber could improve its tensile properties. In addition to this, a numerical simulation using ABAQUS was performed, and an error of nearly 4% was found between the results obtained using numerical and experimental approaches. The error may have been resulted due to the non -uniformity in diameter of jute fiber. Moreover, to find the interfacial strength of the material, Fractography was performed on OLYMPUS Microscope. The results obtained from this analysis indicates that more pull out of jute fabric in high jute weight percentage composites is the leading cause of its lower tensile strength. The benefits of hybrid composites could be seen in many engineering and structural applications including skateboard, hockey and automobile’s interior and exterior parts.
Influence of Orthogeriatrics on the Morbidity and Mortality of Patients with Hip Fracture.
Authors: Balvís Patricia , Dominguez-Prado Diego Matias , Ferradas-Garcia Lucia , Perez-Garcia Marta , Garcia-Reza Alejandro , Castro-Menendez Manuel
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Osteoporotic hip fractures often occur in fragile, elderly patients and are associated with a significant morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study is to evaluate the morbidity and mortality together with the length of hospital stay in patients with hip fracture in two non-consecutive years and to compare their evolution with the involvement of a specialist in orthogeriatric care.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study that reviewed a total of 633 patients with an average age of 85.5 years who suffered a hip fracture and were treated in the same service of Trauma and Orthopaedics in two different years (2012 and 2017). We have analysed mortality, morbidity during their hospital stay, the length of hospital stays and the cost-benefit after the implication of a specialist in orthogeriatric care in 2017.RESULTS: Mortality during their hospital stay decreased significantly from 10% in 2012 to 3.6% in 2017. We have also observed a decrease in mortality at 30 days (10.5% versus 7%) and after one year (28.9% versus 24.9%) between both groups, although these differences were not statistically significant. The length of hospital stays decreased significantly between both periods observed. The average stay decreased by 4.8 days, the surgical delay decreased by 1.1 days and the postoperative hospital stay decreased by 3.4 days. The total annual economic savings estimated due to the involvement of a geriatrician in the follow-up of patients with hip fracture was 1,017.084.94€.CONCLUSIONS: The multidisciplinary approach of patients with hip fracture results in a more effective and more efficient care model. The quality of care and the clinical care optimisation of patients in the perioperative period improve and both hospital stay and mortality during hospital stay decrease significantly. A significant economic saving is also obtained in the treatment of this pathology.
Perturbative norm for associated spreading of diseases
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep , Harikant Aruna
Published: December 2020

The mathematical modelling of a pandemic with prevention, mutation and infection parameters to justify the natural properties of the diseases with a view in controlling it. Strength of the virus strain, population density gradient, cyclic healthcare potentials (with vaccination and cure) along with 2 WAVES (generalized upto ‘n’ waves with dual and anti-dual factors) interpreted over periodic cycles of odd and even permutations to illuminate the necessary conditions for natural and artificial immunization thereby emanating the potential for cures over (−3, ±1, +3) instigation factors as interpreted over a Bell curve.
Medical students' views of e-learning-based medical education during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Khojasteh Laleh , Karimian Zahra , Sharifzadeh Sedigheh , Nasiri Elham
Published: December 2020

The number of multimedia courseware developed to assist teaching and learning activities has increased tremendously, following the declaration of schools’ closure during COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed at e- learning experiences of 550 students of a medical school in Iran during the time Coronavirus pandemic hit Iran. To achieve the objectives of this study, a self-devised questionnaire was used, and the data were analyzed using Independent samples T. test, ANOVA, and MANOVA. Results have demonstrated that university students had a satisfactory e-learning experience during the lockdown with an exception for online synchronous classes. This study also showed that older students are more satisfied with e-learning and that there was a significant difference between the overall mean score of those who had access to PCs and laptops compared to those who had accessed only to mobile phones. Our results also showed a significant difference exists between the e-learning experience of students who had experienced virtual classes prior to Covid-19 pandemic and those who had not; however, no significant difference was seen in terms of the residence of the students and their gender.
An Interactome Map of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Han Linqian , Zhong Wanshun , Qian Jia , Jin Minliang , Tian Peng , Zhu Wanchao , Zhang Hongwei , Sun Yonghao , Feng Jia-Wu , Chen Guo , Li Ruonan , Xiong Zimo , Li Juan , Luo Zi , Chen Sijia , Jin Qixiao , Li Jiaxin , Li Zhao , Liang Yan , Jin Xiaomeng , Liu Xiangguo , Ye Xinnan , Yin Yuejia , Peng Yong , Lu Xiaoduo , Chen Lingling , Li Qing , Yan Jianbing , Yang Fang , Li Lin
Published: December 2020

Interactomes are powerful tools for encoding and decoding complex life systems. Here, we generated a maize interactome map that integrates genomic interactions, transcriptomic co-expression networks, translatomic co-expression networks, and protein–protein interactions throughout the maize lifecycle. This map, containing over 9 million interactions in more than 5,000 functional modules, reveals extensive functional divergence for duplicate genes and a progressive increase in regulatory divergence between the two maize subgenomes during the flow of genetic information. This network enables dissecting and validating gene functions, re-constructing regulatory pathways, and deciphering molecular mechanisms underlying complex traits combining big data mining technique-machine learning. By applying this map to flowering-time, we identified 1,843 high-confidence genes enriched in eight molecular pathways that are related to flowering time. The function of 30 (out of 58 tested) genes, including 27 novel genes, was verified by loss-of-function mutagenesis. Furthermore, a new pathway involving histone modification was identified and confirmed to regulate flowering time. The interactome map illustrates how coherent sets of molecular interactions connect different types of functional elements and pathway modules to map a genome-wide functional wiring landscape of maize, which will be applicable in a wide range of species.
The first find of carbon nano- and microtubes and graphite mi- croflakes in carbonate “stone pipes” (island of Crete, Greece)
Authors:   S. I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology of RAS, POVARENNYKH Mikhail Yur’evich
Published: December 2020

Relevance of the work. After finding carbon nanotubes in the so-called silicate “stone pipes” of Dzharakuduk (Uzbekistan) in 2016, we quickly began to accumulate material about discovering carbon nanominerals in similar objects in Kazakhstan, Israel, and India. And after a similar find on the island of Crete (but in carbonate “stone pipes”), it became possible to conduct some generalization for the Mediterranean region. Purpose of the work: identification of the features of the development of carbon nano- and micromineralization in the carbonate “stone pipes” of the island of Crete in comparison with previously known samples from silicate “stone pipes”. Methodology. The samples selected by the authors were studied using optical polarization (ATAMI microscope) and scanning electron microscopy with microdiffraction (SEM LEO SUPRA 50V), differential thermal analysis with mass spectrometric termination (DTA + TG + MS). Results. In the pores and caverns of pyro- and shock-metamorphosed organogenic calcite limestones in the outcrop on the coast of northern Crete (near Malia, Crete, Greece), some fibrous-diverse aggregates of carbon nano- and microminerals (carbon multilayer nano- and microtubes, as well as microflakes of multilayer “graphenes”externally replaced by graphite) with carbonate “stone pipes” almost completely cut off by sea erosion. Conclusions. The first comprehensive study of carbon nano- and micromineralization in the carbonate “stone pipes” of Crete Island allows us to conclude that they are formed as a result of the explosive reaction of silanes that were part of the primary hydrocarbon-like fluid with an aqueous-oxygen atmosphere below the earth’s surface at high temperatures (T> 1250 ° C) and pressure (P> 40 Pa).
Determination of the possibility of separation of titanomagnetite and ilmenite in the selective separation of titanomagnetite ores
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Mineral Resources named after N. M. Fedorovsky, GORBATOVA Elena Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2020

Experience in the development of iron-titanium ores has shown that their successful processing is possible only with the use of complex combined processing schemes. The possibility of selective extraction of titanomagnetite and ilmenite products during magnetic (electromagnetic) separation is considered during processing of altered disseminated titanomagnetite ores of the Medvedevsky deposit. Purpose of the research is to determine the possibility of separation of microaggregates of titanomagnetite and ilmenite during selective magnetic (electromagnetic) separation of disseminated titanomagnetite ores. Materials and methods. Classification of crushed material with its subsequent separation by magnetic (electromagnetic) properties. Analysis of the distribution of iron and titanium dioxide and the identification of the nature of the disclosure of ore and non-metallic minerals from the standpoint of technological mineralogy. Results. Products of classified ore after magnetic (electromagnetic) separation are characterized by uneven distribution. Most of the material (45,01%) is concentrated in fractions separated at a magnetic field with strength of more than 250 mT. The yield of magnetic fraction is 2,89%. A high content of Femagnetic is characteristically for the products of magnetic separation of titanomagnetite ore obtained at the magnetic field with strength of 10 mT. Generally, titanium dioxide is concentrated in the products of electromagnetic separation separated at a magnetic field with strength of 140 mT. Studies have established that the products obtained at H = 10 mT consist of 37% titanomagnetite aggregates of varying degrees of martitization. With increasing of magnetic field strength, the number of titanomagnetite grains decreases and the content of ilmenite grains increases in the products of electromagnetic separation. In this case at H = 140 mT, free grains (55%) are mainly consist of ilmenite. Conclusions. Analysis of the magnetic separation products showed that with a magnetic field strength of 10 mT it is possible to obtain a product with mainly titanomagnetite composition, and it is possible to obtain a product with mainly ilmenite composition with a magnetic field strength of 140 mT.
Mining machinery and environmental regulations of countries worldwide
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, KHAZIN Mark Leont’evich
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the work is to analyze the problems of using mining machines with diesel engines, the exhaust gases of which have a harmful effect on human health and the environment. Research methodology. The environmental problems arising from the use of mining machines, and environmental standards governing the use of diesel engines in different countries of the world are analyzed. Results. Environmental protection is one of the most important problems of humanity, since people’s lives, their health and well-being depend on its solution. The mining industry operates a huge amount of equipment with diesel engines: mining trucks, excavators, drilling rigs and other mining machines. Engine exhaust fumes contain toxic elements that have a significant impact on human health and the environment. The gas pollution of the working atmosphere entails the need to stop the quarry, and the deterioration of visibility on the highway also causes a partial or complete shutdown of the equipment until the content of harmful substances in the air drops to normal. Today, environmental requirements for a car engine are priority, so the global engine industry is aimed not only at increasing their performance, but also at significantly improving their environmental performance. The problem of air pollution by harmful substances contained in the exhaust of diesel engines is becoming global. To solve it requires the joint efforts of many countries. International conventions and the adoption of relevant standards serve as a tool for rapprochement in this area. Conclusions. Most countries in Europe, Asia and America are guided by similar standards for the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases. The EU in this regard is a kind of authority: it most often updates these indicators and implements strict legal regulation. Other countries are following this trend and are also updating emission standards.
Assessment of reserves of innovative development of a coal-mining production association and the impact of organizational and economic relations on their use
Authors:   LLC “Suek-Khakasiya”, KOSTAREV Andrey Sergeevich
Published: December 2020

Relevance. Within a market economy, some factors are constantly changing that affect prices, demand, supply, and the competitive environment, which greatly complicates the assessment and forecasting of development opportunities. At the same time, when formulating a strategy for innovative development and implementing the goals of an enterprise, it is impossible to do without reserves determination that can become a source of resource allocation for increasing the social attractiveness and competitiveness of an enterprise. Purpose of the study: to assess the reserves of innovative development of the coal-mining production association and to identify the impact of organizational and economic relations on their use. Methods of the study. In the course of the study, systemic and process approaches were used. To assess the reserves of innovative development, methods of comparison, timing observations, benchmarking, and statistical analysis were used. The dependence of the efficiency of using the production potential of a coal-mining production association on organizational and economic relations was formed using expert estimates, mathematical modeling, and statistical analysis. Results and practical relevance of the research. A system of indicators is proposed for assessing the reserves of innovative development of a coal-mining production association, including the coefficient of adaptation reserves (reflecting the possibility of increasing the efficiency of using the production potential of the association) and the progressiveness of technical and technological support (reflecting the growth reserves due to changes in technical and technological support). The application of the proposed indicators made it possible to establish that the efficiency of using the existing potential can be increased 1.39–1.52 times for various processes at the SUEK open-pit mining enterprises. Growth reserves, due to the possibilities of new technical and technological support of transportation excavation processes, amounted to 1.85 times relative to the achieved level. Conclusions. Organizational and economic relations are a relevant factor in the efficiency of using the production potential of a coal-mining production association, and their influence is described by a power-law increasing function. The revealed dependence makes it possible to increase the validity of choosing the most beneficial strategy for innovative development of a coal-mining production association from the perspective of stakeholders for realizing significant reserves and achieving the required efficiency of using its potential.
The efficiency of the coal industry based on the factor of labor productivity growth
Authors:   National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, GALIEV Zhaken Kakitaevich
Published: December 2020

Relevance. Insufficiently high labor productivity at coal mining enterprises actualizes a study to increase the efficiency of their activities based on the factor of productivity growth. Purpose – substantiation of a possible increase in labor productivity with a change in the ratio of open and underground mining methods. Methodology – analysis of changes in labor intensity with various options for the share of open and underground development methods, as well as assuming an increase in production. Results. Issues of effective production and economic activity of coal industry enterprises are considered taking into account the factor of increasing labor productivity of workers. For the efficient functioning of coal mining enterprises, certain correlations should be fulfilled between the rates of change in the volume of coal production, labor productivity and the cost of coal production. Changes in coal production can be achieved mainly by the ratio of underground and open-cast mining. An approach to determining the level of labor intensity of work in the coal industry with a change in the ratio of underground and open coal mining methods is proposed; with a corresponding increase in labor productivity, the unit cost of production in the planning period is determined. The factors of growth of labor productivity in the coal industry are given: an increase in the utilization rate of combines for sewage treatment and bucket excavators for opencast mines; progressive changes in the design and operational characteristics of the main coal mining equipment; the use of imported equipment only in economically feasible mining conditions; the possibility of growth of stimulating factors to ensure the corresponding labor productivity of coal mining workers; increase in the share of coal from mines and opencasts with low cost of coal mining. Conclusions. The approach developed by the authors to determine the level of reduction in the labor intensity of work in the coal industry can be used in conditions of changing the ratio of open and underground mining methods, and accordingly, the change in the cost of production of one ton of coal as a whole for the joint-stock company can be forecasted.
Early Permian granitoids of the East Magnitogorsk zone (South- ern Urals): petrology, geochemistry, and geodynamic formation environment
Authors:   A. P. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute, SURIN Timofey Nikolaevich
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the problem. The Early Permian magmatism of the Southern Urals is poorly studied with the help of modern methods. The granitoid massifs of this age locally developed in the East Magnitogorsk zone contain important information about the geodynamic conditions of their formation. Clarification of this issue makes an important contribution to the understanding of the geodynamic development of the Urals. The nature of granitoids is still debatable. The connection with the massifs combined in the Balkan complex of gold-tungsten mineralization indicates the need for a comprehensive study. The purpose of the study is to determine the petrological and geochemical features of the rocks of the Balkan complex, to identify the mechanism of their petrogenesis and to establish the geodynamic conditions of their formation. Results. The petrological and geochemical study of the formations of the Balkan complex was carried out and their place in the typical taxonomy of granitoids was determined. Their belonging to the I-type is shown. Mineralogical and petrogeochemical methods were first studied for shonkinite xenoliths in granitoids. The mechanism of petrogenesis of rocks is proposed and the geodynamic setting of their formation is determined. It is shown that the monzonitemonzodiorite-quartz syenite-granosyenite-leucogranite series of rocks was formed as a result of crystallization differentiation of a single parental melting, and it was also concluded that the massifs of the complex are formed under conditions of early collision conditions with the important role of the subduction process. The mechanism of formation of the massifs of the complex is largely similar to mechanism for granitoids in other conflict areas, although it has its own specifics. Conclusions. 1). The Early Permian granitoids of the Balkan complex relates to type I. 2). All rocks of the complex, from monzonites to quartz syenites and leucogranites, including xenolith shonkinites, form a petrogenetic series formed as a result of crystallization differentiation of a single parent alkaline-gabbroic melting with increased water pressure. 3). The Balkan complex was formed in an early collisional setting under the action of deep subduction. 4). Transpression in the upper part of the crust induced formation of the massifs of the complex. 5). The Balkan complex is a kind of indicator of the growth of the newly formed crust as a result of collision and accretion processes.
Geological and petrographical studies around Um Taghir area, Сentral Eastern Desert, Egypt
Authors:   Southern Federal University, AWAD Hamdy Ahmed Mohamed , NASTAVKIN Aleksey Valer`evich ,   Southern Federal University
Published: December 2020

Um Taghir area is located in the northern extreme boundary of Central Eastern Desert of Egypt at the west of Safaga City. Um Taghir is represented by island arc related rocks and late to post tectonic magmatism. The island arc related rocks are represented by metavolcaniclastic sequences and metagabrroic rocks. Metavolcanoclastic rocks are considered as the older rock units of the study are and intruded by the metagabbro. The late to post tectonic magmatism is represented by (dokhan volcanic, gabbro, tonalite-granodiorite, monzogranite, alkali feldspar granites and different types of dikes). Usually, the gabbroic rock is bearing ilmenite lenses or bands in the bottom of the layered; this is related to magma rich of iron oxides. Petrographically, island arc assemblage is classified in to actinolite hornblende schist and metagabbro that show quite different of their content in plagioclase, hornblende, augite, quartz and biotite. Occasionally, the late to post tectonic magmatism represented by andesite, gabbro, tonalite, granodiorite monzogranite, alkali feldspar granites and different types of dikes. Andesite consists of plagioclase, quartz, alkali feldspar and hornblende. Gabbroic rocks are represented by pyroxene hornblende gabbro and leucogabbro. They show quite different of their content in plagioclase, pyroxene and clear difference in the content of both olivine and hornblende in both of them. While tonalite and granodiorite show quite different of their content in plagioclase, quartz, hornblende, alkali felspar and biotite. On the other hand, monzogranite and alkali feldspar granite, they show plagioclase is varying from oligoclase to albite; K-feldspars, quartz and muscovite are relatively more abundant in the alkali feldspar granite. Finally, the different types of dikes classified into granite, andesite, rhyolite and basalt dikes consist of the different mineral compositions.
Substantiation of parameters of metal structure elements of mining transport machines
Authors:   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, PANFILOVA Ol’ga Rashidovna , DYORINA Natal’ya Vladimirovna ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, VELIKANOV Vladimir Semenovich ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the work is due to the need to reduce the metal consumption of mining vehicles while maintaining the strength characteristics of their metal structures. An effective tool for finding the best option for combining the design parameters is optimization theory from the point of view of obtaining the design with the required properties. The implementation of the principles and approaches of this theory in relation to the metal structures of mining transport vehicles allows achieving a combination of their geometric characteristics, which makes it possible to obtain the smallest mass and dimensions. Purpose of the work: development of the principle of obtaining mathematical dependencies, allowing to determine the most suitable shape and size of the cross section for the elements that make up the metal structures of mining vehicles, taking into account the direction of the loads perceived by each element. Research methodology. An optimization approach is used, including the definition of the design parameters, the formulation of the objective function and the restrictions imposed on the design parameters. Results and their application. The factors affecting the value of the optimal parameters in the elements of the metal structures of mining vehicles are established. The optimal parameters of the cross section are substantiated for various combinations of the perceived load direction and the priority requirements for metal construction. The obtained recommendations can be applied in the design of frames with a minimum weight or dimensions. Conclusions. The recommendations presented allow us to reasonably choose the best cross-sectional shape of the metal elements of mining transport vehicles, depending on the direction of the current loads. The requirements for metal construction, such as minimum metal consumption and (or) surface area, are taken into account. For rods working in tension or compression, the most rational is the square shape of the cross section. For bending elements, a rectangular section with a height/width ratio of two is best suited. These conclusions are drawn from considerations of the least metal consumption and the smallest surface area of the metal structure. Taking the proposed recommendations into account when designing the metal structures of mining transportation machines will allow us to obtain the lowest values of metal consumption, and, consequently, the cost of the machine with the required technical characteristics.
Statistical analysis of stress-strain state of bearing jaw crusher
Authors:   Ural State Mining University, LAGUNOVA Yuliya Andreevna , MAYOROV Stanislav Anatol’evich ,   Ural State Mining University, BOYARSKIH Gennadiy Alexeevich ,   Ural State Mining University
Published: December 2020

The relevance of the work. When creating particularly large machines and systems, in the case of their 3D modeling and detailed study, the load on the central processor of the computer, as well as on the graphic and RAM modules, increases, which significantly slows down the design process and calculations. In the article, a statistical analysis of the stress-strain state of the jaw crusher bearing is carried out to establish the correspondence of the theoretical and actual structural models taking into account all workloads. The objectives of the study. Consider the task of selecting a simpler and “easier” for the calculation model programs, not difficult to parameterize, compared with the original bearing model, but providing accuracy in the calculation in an acceptable range of errors. To analyze the stress-strain state of the bearing assembly with various geometric parameters. Research methodology. In the calculations, the finite element method was used. Used specialized software package APM WinMachine. A computational experiment was conducted. A correlation analysis of the theoretical and actual structural model of the bearing is carried out. Results. Mathematical models of the metal structures of bearings of various sections are given and the locations of the highest stresses are identified. Calculation errors and correlation dependencies of stresses are established taking into account the Pearson, Fisher criteria and the construction of the Taylor series. Conclusions. The results of a computational experiment satisfy the requirements and can be used to solve further problems of designing bearing assemblies. In the future, a parameter-dependent model can be created that makes it easier to calculate using any type of bearing
Genesis of podiform chromitites – a review of models
Authors:   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS, SHIRYAEV Pavel Borisovich , VAKHRUSHEVA Nadezhda Vladimirovna ,   The Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: December 2020

Relevance of the work. Research aimed at identification of genesis of chromium ores in alpine-type hyperbasites has been conducted by scientists (geologists, petrologists and geochemists) around the world for more than a century. Nevertheless, the issue of their origin remains debatable to this day. The purpose of the work is to highlight the main stages of the development of scientific ideas about the genesis of chromian mineralization in alpinotype hyperbasites; to present and summarize the main, most significant and innovative scientific ideas of Russian and foreign experts who have been involved in this issue. Results. The evolution of scientific views on the genesis of chromic mineralization from the second half of the 19th century is traced. In Russia and abroad, its main stages are highlighted. Throughout this period, some ideas dominated that link the formation of concentrations of ore-forming chrome-spinels with its crystallization from magmatic melt. Major discoveries in earth sciences – the emergence of plate tectonics, the discovery of UHP minerals in chromite-bearing ultrabasites, – intensified the scientific search and led to the emergence of alternative models that consider chromitites as products of metasomatism or metamorphism. Particular attention is paid to the results of research by Russian experts, whose scientific contribution to the development of ideas about the genesis of chromium ores is very large and at the same time, from our point of view, underestimated. This work is intended for geologists, petrologists, and experts in the geology of ore deposits dealing with ultramafic, chromic ores, and ophiolite complexes in general.