bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exposing EFL Students’ FLRA in Reading Section: The Case of TOEFL Course
Authors: Tarigan Fatin Nadifa , Heriani Dian , Simanjuntak Anni Alvionita , Hasibuan Siti Aminah
Published: August 2023

Foreign Language Reading Anxiety (FLRA) becomes increasingly crucial for EFL students since it prevents the learners' reading grasp. This study reports on college students’ reflections on reading. The study's main objective was to determine students' reading anxiety levels and discover the most potential factors contributing to students’ Foreign Language Reading Anxiety (FLRA) in TOEFL Test. It was administered to 22 students of the English Department in Universitas Pembinaan Masyarakat Indonesia using purposive sampling in the academic year 2022/2023. To achieve this purpose, this study utilized both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The data were collected using a Foreign Language Reading Anxiety Scale (FLRAS) questionnaire with five-point Likert scale participants and an interview sheet to examine the levels of their reading anxiety and its factors. The results demonstrate that the student's reading anxiety levels were 18% in the low category, 64% in the medium category, and 18% in the high category. It indicates that they experienced a medium level of anxiety while reading with unfamiliar vocabulary and unknown topics, and the fear of making mistakes was identified as the significant factor of FL reading anxiety.
Cell Therapy for Upper Respiratory Tract Fistulas
Authors: Polyakov I. S. , Porhanov V. A. , Kovalenko A. L. , Potapova V. R.
Published: August 2023

Fistulas of various etiologies are one of the severe and life-threatening diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The most common cause is bronchial stump failure after pulmonary resection, usually pneumonectomy. The incidence and mortality of this complication is 3 %-4 % and 12.5 %-71.2 %, respectively. Despite the fact that many devices and methods have been described to date, it is usually treated with surgical closure. Standard surgical approaches are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and are not reliably successful. In recent years, cell therapies aimed to stimulate tissue healing rose to prominence and can be considered a potential treatment method. We review current trends in bronchopleural fistula treatment using cell therapy and report cases of the bronchopleural fistula treatment according to the research protocol developed in our clinic. Although clinical experience is quite limited owing to a small number of patients in the most studies, the information on safety and tolerance can help plan future larger trials with innovative methods to further improve clinical results.
Digital Pathology for Analyzing Endomyocardial Biopsy Specimens
Authors: Slavinskiy A. A. , Verevkin A. A. , Chuprinenko L. M. , Drushevskaya V. L. , Kristesiashvili M. V.
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Visual assessment of endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) specimens may result in errors due to the human factor and inability to obtain quantitative data on the intensity of immunohistochemical (IHC) reactions and severity of pathological changes in the heart transplant. Detailed digital characterization of EMB specimens based on automated or semi-automated computer-assisted morphometry improves the diagnostic accuracy of EMB.

   Objective: To develop a method of and algorithms for digital computer-assisted analysis of EMB specimens to quantify pathomorphological and immunophenotypic changes in the myocardium of patients with various types and grades of heart transplant rejection.

   Materials and methods: We studied 257 EMB specimens from 56 heart transplant recipients at Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Krasnodar, Russian Federation). Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. We used the streptavidin-biotin method to determine the CD68 expression and computer-assisted morphometry of digital images to measure the area of pathological changes and CD68 expression.

   Results: When developing a method for computer-assisted analysis of EMB specimens, we proposed a new evaluation criterion: staining area coefficient (%) that is a ratio of the total stained area to the total section area. We created and field-tested algorithms for digital morphometric analysis to assess the intensity of IHC reactions and to identify the relative area of pathological changes in the EBM specimens.

   Conclusions: New digital criteria for diagnosing heart transplant rejections are to improve the accuracy of EMB results interpretation, but can also be used for analyzing other biopsy specimens.
Evaluation of Prognostic Criteria for Severe Acute Pancreatitis in Patients With Early Nasogastric and Nasojejunal Feeding
Authors: Sivkov O. G. , Sivkov A. O.
Published: August 2023

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of predictors of severe acute pancreatitis in patients with nasogastric (NG) and nasojejunal (NJ) feeding.

   Materials and methods: Our open-label randomized controlled study was carried out in the intensive care unit of Neftyanik Occupational Health Facility (Tyumen, Russian Federation) between November 2012 and October 2018 and included 64 patients who had predictors of severe acute pancreatitis (APACHE II score > 8, C-reactive protein [CRP] > 150 mg/L, SOFA score > 2) and could start early NG and NJ feeding. We evaluated the prognostic value of APACHE II, SOFA, BISAP, blood urea, and CRP in the general group and for different enteral feeding methods during the first 24 hours and in 48 hours. Data were statistically processed using the SPSS 26 software.

   Results: Only one prognostic model was statistically significant for the first 24 hours and included APACHE II (AUC = 0.705, 95 % CI 0.577-0.834, P = 0.005, cutoff threshold of 8.5, sensitivity of 0.394, and specificity of 0.935 for all patients). In 48 hours models of the following groups were statistically significant: that of all patients, which included APACHE II, CRP, and blood urea (AUC = 0.904, 95 % CI 0.826-0.983, P < .001, cutoff threshold of 0.65, sensitivity of 0.818, and specificity of 0.935), NJ feeding group with CRP (AUC = 0.775, 95% CI 0.611-0.94, P < .001, cutoff threshold of 209.0 mg/L, sensitivity of 0.529, and specificity of 1.0), and NG feeding group with APACHE II (AUC = 0.767, 95% CI 0.599-0.934, P < 0.001, cutoff threshold of 9, sensitivity of 0.625, and specificity of 0.882).

   Conclusions: Enteral feeding method does not affect the prognostic criteria for severe acute pancreatitis. 48 hours after admission is the best period period for severity prognosis, and the model with such independent predictors as APACHE II, blood CRP, and urea showed the best quality prognosis. If these predictors could not be used at once, we recommend APACHE II for NG feeding and blood CRP for NJ feeding.
Algorithm for Endovascular Treatment of Patients With Spinal Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Perfilyev A. M. , Rzaev J. A.
Published: August 2023

Objective: To compare the endovascular treatment results in patients with spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVM) based on the proposed algorithm.

   Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the endovascular treatment results in 72 patients with various types of spinal AVMs for 2014-2021. We formed 2 main groups of patients based on the developed indications for neurophysiological monitoring and provocative tests (NFM and PT): group 1 (n = 63) was treated according to the algorithm, and group 2 (n = 9) was treated before the algorithm was implemented. Group 1 was divided into subgroup 1.1 (n = 42) including patients with no indications for NFM and PT and subgroup 1.2 (n = 21) with patients indicated for NFM and PT. Subgroup 1.2 was further divided into subsubgroup 1.2A (n = 2) with patients indicated for NFM and PT yet to be informative due to severe neurological deficit and subsubgroup 1.2B (n = 19) with patients that had indications for and successfully underwent NFM and PT. We compared patients between groups 1 and 2, subsubgroup 1.2B and group 2 to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm (radical nature of the treatment, functional status assessment, complications).

   Results: Radical nature of spinal AVM treatment in group 1 was 79 % compared with 44 % in group 2 (P = 0.043). There was a significant improvement in motor function in group 1 compared with group 2 in each follow-up period (Р ≤ 0.007). Comparison of subsubgroup 1.2B and group 2 showed no significant differences (P = .05). The treatment led to complications in 5 patients (7 % of the total number of patients with spinal AVMs): 4 patients in group 2 and 1 patient in subsubgroup 1.2B. The effectiveness of the developed criteria was indirectly confirmed by difference in complications number between subsubgroup 1.2B and group 2 (P = 0.001).

   Conclusions: Group 1 showed better treatment results, significant clinical improvement, high radical nature of treatment, and a low percentage of complications compared with group 2. The proposed algorithm proved effective for main tasks of endovascular treatment of spinal AVMs.
Development of the Acellular Dermal Matrix and Experimental Substantiation of Its Use in the Anterior Abdominal Wall hernia Repair
Authors: Melkonian K. I. , Rusinova T. V. , Asyakina A. S. , Solop E. A. , Fomenco A. A. , Chuprynin G. P.
Published: August 2023

Objective: To develop a biological implant that is an acellular dermal matrix (ADM), evaluate its use as a support material in tensionfree hernioplasty for ventral hernia, and compare it to that of the commercially available implant PermacolTM.

   Materials and methods: ADM was derived from the porcine dermis (Landrace breed) decellularized using detergents and enzymes. The quality of devitalization was assessed in vitro. We performed sublay hernioplasty in 4-month-old Landrace pigs using ADM (experimental group) and PermacolTM (control group). The specimens were explanted on day 120 of the experiment for histological and immunohistochemical examination.

   Results: All cellular elements were removed by the detergent-enzymatic treatment of the dermis; the native architecture of the dermis was slightly disrupted. The specimens of the commercially available chemically cross-linked biomaterial PermacolTM had better mechanical properties than ADM specimens; however, there were no significant differences in terms of cytotoxicity. The state of the tissues after the explantation (number of fibroblasts and endothelial cells) showed no differences in the result of using ADM and PermacolTM. In 120 days, the materials integrated into the tissues without the formation of adhesions or inflammation.

   Conclusions: Our findings show that ADM does not have cytotoxic properties, has adequate biomechanical parameters to effectively reinforce supporting soft tissues, does not cause an inflammatory response during implantation, and integrates fully into tissues. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness and utility of the developed ADM in surgical treatment of anterior abdominal wall defects.
Effectiveness of Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma and Stromal Vascular Fraction in Autologous Skin Grafting
Authors: Derii E. K. , Zinovev E. V. , Kostyakov D. V. , Pyatakov S. N. , Manukovskiy V. A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Despite the medical advances, burns remain a serious challenge and require new and promising treatment options, such as biomedical technologies with a high potential for burn wound treatment. However, high cost and complexity of biotechnologies limit their routine use, but autologous tissues, such as stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), overcome these shortcomings.

   Objective: To demonstrate a successful case of using a combination of adipose-derived SVF and autologous PRP during autologous skin grafting in a severely burned patient.

   Material and methods: We present a successful case of 84-year-old Patient B. treated at Saint Petersburg I. I. Dzhanelidze Research Institute of Emergency Medicine in September-October 2022. He was diagnosed with a 11% (6%) / II-III degree flame burn of the head, neck, trunk, and upper extremities and first-degree inhalation injury. At the first stage, the general condition of the patient was stabilized, and he was prepared for surgery. At the second stage, on day 25 of treatment we performed skin grafting using split-thickness autografts with rare perforations and application of SVF and autologous PRP on a burn wound. We evaluated the treatment effectiveness using planimetry, cytology, and histology.

   Results: We observed complete engraftment of the autograft with no lysis or rejection during the first dressing change on day 3 after surgery and complete skin restoration on day 11. Cytologic findings over time showed an active decrease in inflammatory cells and an increase in regenerative cells, indicating successful wound healing. Histology demonstrated formation of normal stratified squamous epithelium with areas of hyperkeratosis and young granulation tissue in the superficial layers of the dermis on day 6.

   Conclusions: Our case demonstrated that the combination of SVF and autologous PRP facilitates split-thickness skin autograft engraftment.
Multidisciplinary Approach to the Management of Diabetic Foot Complications
Authors: Fedyushkin V. V. , Sukhoruchkin P. V. , Baryshev A. G. , Chibirov S. K. , Amirova R. K. , Shevchuk D. D.
Published: August 2023

Background: According to the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (2015), 28 % of diabetic foot ulcers result in major amputations. Over 30 % of patients with diabetic foot undergo major amputations that result in death in 13.0 %-14.0 % of the cases.

   Clinical case: In our experience of treating a female patient with diabetic foot complications, we observed that such cases require a multidisciplinary approach to determine management strategies, as well as strict surgery staging. Early plastic and reconstructive surgery demonstrated its positive impact on postoperative wound closure.

   Conclusions: We managed the infection and achieved the complete closure of the major wound and primary intention healing through the multidisciplinary approach and strict adherence to surgical staging (debridement, revascularization, reconstruction). Thus, patient quality of life and rehabilitation potential significantly improved.
Celiac Disease Among Preschool Children: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: ACAR Ufuk , DEVECİ Uğur
Published: August 2023

Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the medical parameters of celiac disease cases in the preschool age group in terms of public health and to make recommendations to health professionals, policy makers and the society.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted between February 2017 and December 2018 in Şanlıurfa Education and Research Hospital, Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic. Clinical and laboratory findings of preschool children diagnosed with celiac disease were retrospectively analyzed. Anamnesis, physical examination findings, laboratory findings, endoscopic biopsies and pathology results of pati-ents were evaluated.
Results: The most common presenting complaint was growth retardation (96.3%), followed by chronic diarrhea (32.5%) and constipation (27.5%). Height-for-age and weight-for-age values were found to be lower in patients with chronic diarrhea and duodenitis compared to those without (p<0.05). Patients with strong positive tissue transglutaminase-IgA (tTG IgA) levels had significantly higher Marsh scores (p<0.05).
Conclusions: For preschool-age children, initiating the diet via early diagnosis and ensuring adherence to diet are the main objectives. Children adhering to the diet have a higher success in elementary school and a shorter adaptation period.
Company Town: Housing for Houston
Authors:   Rice University, Utting Brittany
Published: August 2023

The Company Town was a phenomenon of the early twentieth century in which a single corporation would build housing, commercial, and community facilities for its employees, providing for all aspects of its employee’s daily lives. Financed by industrial tycoons, these Company Towns often became mechanisms to police worker behavior and lifestyles, creating isolated communities hostile to labor organization and marked by class paternalism and monopoly economics. Ultimately, the Company Town model declined due to a combination of fac¬tors, not only its exploitative tendencies but also including the rising prosperity of workers, an increase in government-funded public facilities such as schools and libraries, and the afford¬ability of private transportation [1]. These changes made the Company Town’s proximity between housing and factory no longer necessary, resulting not only in the dispersal of these workers but also in the loss of the concentrated power of their collective presence. Despite its failure as a model for urban settlement, the Company Town occasionally became a space of radical change for labor rights. The shared experience of workers uniting over common hardships produced significant victories for labor activists and worker unions, spurred on by organized action such as the Pullman Strike and railroad boycott in 1894 in Chicago [2]. Through the lens of the Company Town, the studio asked if this model of housing could offer clues to developing new forms of solidarity and support for one of the most precarious conditions of labor today: the seasonal Amazon fulfillment worker. By developing worker-owned housing adjacent to the Amazon HOU1 Warehouse in Houston’s outer loop, students proposed an alternative version of the Company Town, cooperatively owned and governed by co-workers rather than a corporate employer.
Exquisite Scrolls: Collaborative Drawing in the Space Time of Post-digital Representation
Authors:   The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hwang Cheng-Chun Patrick , Hui Yuk-yi Sukey ,   The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Published: August 2023

What is the function of architectural drawings, those drawn by architecture students that are conducive to learning? This paper discusses a pedagogical experiment generated from a series of collaborative drawings. The end goal seeks for a new agency, through a didactic platform and process exploring the visuality of the productive observation instead of the optical graphics of realism. Through the intermediary of the drawing in the present, the retrospective and prospective character of the design process can be explored. By reintroducing draw¬ing as a medium of thought, its power to project a clear and intentional inquiry can be revealed. Inspired by the Chinese scroll painting and the spirit of public drawing from the west, Exquisite Scroll is a collaborative hand-drawing exercise with a working method akin to the Surrealist game exquisite corpse. It is corporeal in nature and requires intellectual exchange between a multiplicity of authors. It is a negotiated act showing beyond what is observed. The thematic topics of urban historiography and architectural conservation are further explored through a ‘multi-temporal’ perspective, to look into the past and future in both space and time.
Uso de los mapas conceptuales como recurso docente para estudiantes de Bioquímica
Authors: Pérez-Parallé M. Luz , García Teresa M. O. , Rodrigues Sérgio P. J. , Pazos Antonio J.
Published: August 2023

En este trabajo se analiza la utilización de los mapas conceptuales para el aprendizaje de los alumnos de Bioquímica II del grado de Farmacia de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. La introducción, por primera vez, de esta herramienta de aprendizaje pretendía mejorar la calidad docente y la adquisición de competencias por parte de los alumnos. Los estudiantes aprendieron contenidos bioquímicos identificando los conceptos principales y secundarios, y pudieron desarrollar habilidades transversales, como el uso de aplicaciones especiales para la preparación de los mapas y el manejo de fuentes de información, habilidades comunicativas, gracias a la exposición oral en el aula, y habilidades sociales, a través del trabajo en grupo. Además, los alumnos fueron capaces de evaluar los mapas desarrollados por sus compañeros utilizando una rúbrica. Se puede concluir que la experiencia realizada fue muy positiva y apoya el uso de los mapas conceptuales como un recurso educativo más en la formación de los universitarios, que así participan activamente en la consecución del conocimiento y de la adquisición de nuevas competencias.
Active control of localized mode and transmission in topological phononic waveguides by non-Hermitian modulation
Authors: Ali Md. Shuzon , Hata Yusuke , Tsuruta Kenji
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate the switching behavioral differences between lossy and nearly lossless edge-mode propagation by non-Hermitian modulation based on the phononic band design of a C
3v symmetric, two-dimensional phononic crystal with a unit cell composed of three air-filled circular holes in polydimethylsiloxane. We numerically show that strong loss effects lead to the extinction of the localized modes. This mechanism is analogous to the bound-to-unbound transition in non-Hermitian quantum systems. This result suggests that large variations in non-Hermitian modulation can be used for the active control of edge-mode propagation along topological interfaces.
Strategy in increasing Consumer Loyalty
Authors: Ariffin Muchammad -
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to understand Strategy in increasing Consumer Loyalty. A Case Study of Indonesian Unilever Products. In particular, this study analyzes the relationshipbetween CSR, WOM and Company Reputation towards consumers' loyalty specially the products of Lifebuoy, Pepsodent, and Kecap Bango. Data was collected through a survey conducted among 110 respondents.Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypothesis. The research model was tested using survey data analyzed by structural equation modelingof partial least squares. the implementation of CSR strategy shows that there is a significant influence of WOM and Company reputation on consumers' loyalty. On the other hand, CSR strategy has no significant influence the consumers' loyalty. Yet as CSR was carried out through the implementation of Word of mouth (WOM) and Company Reputation there is a significant correlation between CSR and the consumers' loyalty of Lifebuoy, Pepsodent, and Kecap Bango products. The use of data that is too small for each variable resulted in limited results. As well as the limited representation of all users and consumers of Unilever products in other cities. In addition, this study did not involve other companies that also use CSR strategies as a comparison.
Keywords  :Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Word-of-mouth (WOM), Company Reputation, Consumers Loyalty, Social Company
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan, Promosi, Dan Persepsi Harga Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan di Park Hotel Cawang
Authors: Rudy Nandito,Edvin Fairliantina
Published: August 2023

The research conducted aims to analyze service quality, promotion, and price perceptions on customer satisfaction at Park Hotel Cawang. The type of data used is primary data in the form of respondents' opinions by distributing questionnaires. The population in this study were Park Hotel Cawang guests with a sample of 100 respondents. The data obtained will be analyzed using quantitative methods with multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the research that has been done, the results show that the variables of service quality, promotion, and price perception simultaneously and partially have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction.

 Keywords: Service Quality, Promotion, Perceived Price, Customer Satisfaction

 Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas pelayanan, promosi, dan persepsi harga pada kepuasan pelanggan di Park Hotel Cawang. Jenis data yang digunakan ialah data primer berupa pendapat responden dengan penyebaran kuesioner. Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah tamu Park Hotel Cawang dengan sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Data yang didapatkan akan dianalisis menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, maka hasil menunjukkan bahwa variabel kualitas pelayanan, promosi, dan persepsi harga secara simultan maupun parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan.

 Kata Kunci: Kualitas Pelayanan, Promosi, Persepsi Harga, Kepuasan Pelanggan
Diagnóstico de la competencia literaria en estudiantes del núcleo 918, Aranjuez Medellín
Authors: Deossa Gloria Amparo
Published: August 2023

Este artículo presenta una investigación descriptiva cuyo objetivo fue diagnosticar el desarrollo de la competencia literaria en estudiantes de educación media. Se utilizó un diseño de campo transeccional, univariable. El estudio se realizó en ocho instituciones oficiales del núcleo 918 de la Comuna 4 de Medellín. La población fue de 719 estudiantes. La muestra fue probabilística estratificada, conformada por 208 estudiantes. Se aplicó un Cuestionario de competencia literaria, con una validez de 0,85, y confiabilidad de 0,89. El resultado mostró que ningún escolar logró desempeño superior. El 69,23% se ubicó en la categoría regular, solo el 17,79% se ubicó en suficiente y el 0,48% fue insuficiente. Lo que más dominan es la identificación de elementos de la narración; la mayor debilidad está en analizar relaciones intertextuales y formular hipótesis de interpretación a partir de estas. Se concluyó que los estudiantes tienen graves debilidades en el desarrollo de la competencia literaria, y esto puede repercutir en su continuidad en niveles educativos posteriores, y limitar su capacidad comprensiva y critica. En la introducción se presenta la problemática, la pregunta y los objetivos, y se aportan elementos teóricos como base de la investigación. En el apartado de materiales y métodos se incluyen datos del contexto, criterios metodológicos y procedimientos realizados. En los resultados se incorporan los hallazgos, y en la discusión se vincula lo encontrado con investigaciones previas y se deducen las consecuencias de los resultados. Por último, en las conclusiones se da respuesta a los objetivos y a la pregunta de investigación.
NON-STANDARDISED ATT REGIMENS IN DRUG SENSITIVE TB PATIENTS WITH DILI
Authors: Tandon Rajeev , Goswami Gauri , Nirala Pradeep , Singh Lalit
Published: August 2023

A number of conditions predispose to anti-TB drugs-induced hepatotoxicity. These include advanced age, female sex, poor nutritional status, preexisting chronic liver disease, extensive pulmonary disease or serious type of tuberculosis e.g. meningitis and high dosages of drugs like Pyrazinamide Tuberculosis treatment in patients with preexisting advanced liver disease poses signicant challenges. The likelihood of druginduced hepatitis is increased with prior advanced liver disease, liver transplant, or hepatitis C infection. Abnormal baseline aminotransferases alone are an independent risk factor for drug induced liver injury , In our study of 79 patients maximum number of patients belonged to age group of 21 to 60, with more males that is 64.3% being affected by DILI. Most of these patients belonged to the lower middle class with majority having lower BMI. 37.3% had history of alcohol intake whereas 31.1% were smokers and 10% had other addictions. .7 percent were patients of disseminated TB, 68.2% were suffering from PTB and 27% had EPTB. 4% had PTB with TB. All these patients showed deranged LFT and their ATT was modied in accordance and the most commonly prescribed non standardised regimen were HRE, E-LEVO, SE-LEVO. At the end of IP phase 57 patients reported improvement, 19 had persisting complains, 1 patient dies and 2 were lost to f/u. Radiological follow up showed that, most patients reported with consolidation at the beginning, out of which 34 reported resolution at end of IP phase. Patients with miliary pattern, effusion and pneumothorax mostly improved radiologically. 2 patients had brotic change. All patients in whom reintroduction of ATT drugs was successfully done , were excluded from the study . It was concluded that the most toxic rst line drug was pyrazinamide and could not be given in patients of DILI. Most of the patients showed improvement at the end of intensive phase. No patient developed any intolerance or reaction to the modied regimen
Studies on the effect of onion plants on the oviposition behaviour of Psila rosae on caged carrot plants
Authors: UVAH I.I.
Published: August 2023

A reduction of 22.5%,31.7%,45.7% and 53.9% in the number of eggs laid on carrot plants by Psila rosae Fab. was obtained when each plant was, respectively, surrounded by either 1, 2, 4 or 8 onion plants in cages. Similarly, the numbers of eggs laid on carrot plants were reduced by 12.3%, 22.2%, 25.6% and 32.1% when the onion plants were substituted with green models, and by 16.0% and 28.7% when the carrot plants were surrounded by 4 and 8 black onion plant models, respectively. Furthermore, reductions of 11.6%, 42.3% and 42.7% in the numbers of P. rosae eggs laid were obtained when a carrot and an onion plant were separated by a distance of either 15.0, 7.5 or 3.75cm, respectively. Onion bulb extract sprayed once ad initium and daily reduced P. rosae oviposition by 55% and 89%, respectively, compared with the unsprayed carrots. These results suggest that disturbance of the oviposition behaviour of P. rosae by onion plants was caused by (i) their diversionary effects, and (ii) their repellent effects, both of which hindered efficient acquisition of an oviposition stimulus by the flies.
The effects of planting date and varieties on stem borer infestation and damage of pearl millet
Authors: AJAYI OLUPOMI
Published: August 2023

In 8 planting date trial conducted for three consecutive three years at Samaru, Nigeria, millet planted between 16 and 28 May (the first date of planting) was the least Infected and damaged by the millet stem borer , Acigona ignefusalis Hampeon. Infestation and damage increased on the subsequent planting. Of the three millet types grown In Nigeria, dauro was the most heavily infected and damage followed by gero while the least infestation and damage occurred on Maiwa. None of the varieties of millet tested was resistant to stem borer infestatlon or damage
P M V U Auth: Physical Unclonable Function and Machine Learning based Zero Knowledge Internet of Vehicle Unlock and Authentication Framework
Authors: Sadhu Pintu Kumar , Abdelgawad Ahmed
Published: August 2023

Comfort has become a requirement in our modern world. This level of comfort, particularly in automobiles, can only be accomplished by outfitting the vehicle with additional electrical equipment. Some electronic equipment must communicate with one another, which necessitates the use of a data transmission. Nowadays, it is challenging to sell a new automobile that includes traditional keys. Now, a sophisticated remote locking system is used to lock and unlock autonomous vehicles (AV). A remote unlocking system consists of a transponder that wirelessly connects with the automobile transmitter to lock/unlock the automobile. Unfortunately, wireless communication methods of the internet of vehicle (IoV) face a number of threats. This study provides a safe solution for the automobile unlocking system that uses dynamically generated temporary keys to meet the future demands of smart cars driven by the Internet of Things. To maintain security, machine learning (ML) and physical unclonable function (PUF) are used to permit auto locking and unlocking capability in this work. The technique has exhibited 99.91\% accuracy, which proves the reliability of securing the automobile  unlocking system. Moreover, the computation cost is 3.8 ms and communication overhead is 176 bytes for unlocking by the owner and 144 bytes when the car will be unlocked by other than the owner. Furthermore, both formal (Burrows–Abadi–Needham (BAN) logic) and informal security analysis of the proposed method are provided.
Ramp Products in Real Time Markets for Low Carbon Resource Mix
Authors: Varghese Sushant , Giacomoni  , Retna Kumar Aravind , Wasti Shailesh , Webster Mort D.
Published: August 2023

With increased variable renewable generation and retirements of dispatchable thermal plants, net load variability and forecast error will increase. Many ISOs and RTOs have implemented or are considering implementing ramp products in their real-time markets to maintain both reliability and efficiency with the changing resource base. The design of any real-time market enhancement, however, must account for the fact that ISOs and RTOs use separate real-time engines for commitment, dispatch, and pricing. Depending on which engine is modified, there will be different impacts on reliability, system dynamics, system cost and prices. We present a rolling horizon simulation framework for the PJM Real-Time Market, consisting of a day-ahead model and real-time commitment, dispatch, and pricing engines that account for generator outages, net load variability and rolling short-term forecast error for a 2050 future capacity scenario. We compare the impacts across ramp product designs on system costs, reliability, prices, generation mix and generator revenues. We analyze the sensitivity of these results to the quantity of ramp product procured in the real-time commitment vs. dispatch and show that a balanced requirement added to both the commitment and dispatch engines provides the best performance across multiple metrics. 
Beta-cell Death and/or Stress Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus Type 1
Authors: Abd Ali Khudhair Hasan , Abd Ali Khudhair Hasan
Published: August 2023

Diabetes Mellitus type 1 (T1D) occurs due to disturbance intolerance of the immune system and invasion of β-cells by auto-reactive immune T cells and inducing deterioration of β-cells activity and viability and a prolong therapy with external insulin.  This study was aimed to detect the predictive power as well as the degree of correlation of defined glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA), protein tyrosine phosphatase type A2 (IA-2A) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) biomarkers on β-cells stress and/or death in T1D individuals as well as their first degree relatives (FDRs). Three groups of T1D patients, FDRs and apparently diseases free subjects had been enrolled in this work and evaluated for their serum GADA, IA-2A, C-peptide and TAC. The results revealed positive GADA and IA-2A in 88.6% and 40%, respectively, of T1D patients. The frequency of normal level and mean titer of C-peptide were significantly low among T1D and their FDRs, also the frequency of normal level and mean titer of TAC was significantly low among T1D patients. However, no significant difference in C-peptide level was noticed between the GADA+ and GADA- subjects with no significant effect of TAC level on the concentration of C-peptide. Finally, the concentration of C-peptide was significantly lower in IA-2-A positive than IA-2-A negative individuals. In conclusion, GADA, IA-2A and C-peptide combination can suggest the most powerful and cost-effective diagnostic approach in patients with T1D and their FDRs.  In addition, IA-2A in T1D patient’s serum can be predicted for β-cell death and/or stress, however, GADA and TAC was found of no effect on the C-peptide level.
Estimation of immunoglobulin ( IgG and IgM) in sera cutaneous leishmaniasis patients (L.donovani and L. infuntum) in Baghdad city
Authors: Rehman Alwan Haider , Suliman Erzaige Zainab
Published: August 2023

Leishmaniasis are parasitic diseases caused by protozoan flagellates of the genus Leishmania, parasites infecting numerous mammal species, including human.  Baghdad city regarded as endemic  area  for cutaneous leishmanisis,so an expermental study was done in Baghdad city , the sample taken from the patients cutaneous leishmaniasis attending dermatologic clinic in Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Al Yarmouk Teaching Hospital during the period from first of October 2017 to the first of February 2018.Ninety blood samples were collected from infected and suspected people with cutaneous leishmaniasis , which were confirmed by laboratory tests because they were all infected by amastigote form of cutaneous leishmaisis, as well as the data clarified there are a shared rate among people with cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis represented by L.donovani was( 10,11.1%) ,while L.infuntum was(40, 44.4%).
Development of a Conceptual Model to Understand Disease Burden in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Organ Damage
Authors: Broderick Lynne , Chen Wen-Hung , Levy Roger A. , Mitchell Foster April , Umanzor Figueroa Cindy , Gairy Kerry , Chauhan Deven
Published: August 2023

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can lead to irreversible organ damage (OD). Data describing the patient burden of OD, as compared with SLE without OD, are limited.

Objective: To develop a comprehensive conceptual model describing the burden experienced by patients living with SLE-associated OD.

Methods: There were three phases to this qualitative study. First, a targeted literature review was conducted to inform a draft conceptual model. Second, key opinion leaders (KOLs) were interviewed to assess the draft conceptual model and help shape patient interview materials. Third, patients of different demographic backgrounds from across the United States were interviewed individually to gather their perspectives on living with SLE-associated OD. Data from concept elicitation interviews with KOLs and patients were coded and analyzed using NVivo software to identify the key concepts of the overall patient burden of SLE-associated OD. Findings from the KOL and patient interviews were used to finalize the conceptual model.

Results: KOLs highlighted that SLE-associated OD carried a higher rate of mortality than SLE alone. Participants with SLE-associated OD (n = 40) experienced detrimental impacts across 4 areas of their lives: physical, cognitive, psychosocial functioning, and economic and work-related well-being. Physical impacts were described by all participants, often affecting their ability to perform everyday tasks. Many also described deterioration of cognitive functioning. Almost all participants experienced emotional impacts and challenges to their relationships and social lives resulting from living with SLE-associated OD. Additionally, SLE-associated OD imposed an economic burden including increased healthcare costs. SLE-associated OD had a more severe and debilitating impact on all aspects of the patient’s quality of life than SLE prior to OD development, including further limitations in activities of daily living after the development of OD.

Discussion: Study findings guided the development of a comprehensive conceptual model that fully represents the patient experience of living with SLE-associated OD, highlighting the additional burden of OD when compared with SLE alone.

Conclusions: The conceptual model will inform improvements in disease management, which may result in better patient outcomes and aid development of clinical outcome assessments of disease burden.
Problemas de olimpiadas de química basados en el contexto social hondureño
Authors: Hernández Denisse Ismelda , MARTINEZ AGUILERA ALEX MANUEL
Published: August 2023

El uso de problemas de química basados en el contexto social puede ser un método muy efectivo para introducir contenidos a los estudiantes, ya que les permite involucrarse en temas relevantes que impactan en su entorno y despiertan su interés. Por esta razón, durante la Olimpiada Departamental de Química en Honduras, los profesores involucrados crearon problemas basados en el contexto social hondureño para observar cómo esto influía en la capacidad de los estudiantes para resolver problemas. Los autores demuestran los beneficios de incorporar problemas basados en el contexto basándose en evidencias científicas, así como en las respuestas de los estudiantes.
3D bioprinting for vascular grafts and microvasculature
Authors: Zhu Junpeng , Wang Xinwang , Lin Lin , Zeng Wen
Published: August 2023

Cardiovascular disease is the world’s leading cause of death, and there is a substantial clinical need for transplantable blood vessels. Through tissue vascular engineering technology, large blood vessel grafts with significant clinical effects have been synthesized. However, synthesizing vascular valves, small vessels up to 6 mm in diameter, and capillary networks up to 500 μm in diameter remains challenging due to the lack of precise manufacturing techniques. In particular, constructing a microvascular network in thick tissue is the technical bottleneck of organ transplantation. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a computer-assisted layer-by-layer deposition method that can deposit cells and biomaterials at a predetermined location, according to an accurate digital 3D model, to build a delicate and complex bionic structure. This review discusses the progress and limitations of 3D bioprinting in preparing large vessels and valves, small-diameter vessels, and microvascular networks. This paper focuses on improved printing technology and innovative bio-ink materials. The future application of 3D bioprinting is prospected in generating artificial blood vessel grafts and vascularized organs with full biological function.  
Printed cisplatin on microneedle arrays for transdermal delivery enhances olaparib-induced synthetic lethality in a mouse model of homologous recombination deficiency
Authors: Kanaki Zoi , Smina Alexandra , Chandrinou Chrysoula , E. Koukouzeli Fotini , Ntounias Yiannis , Paschalidis Nikolaos , Cheliotis Ilias , Makrygianni Marina , Ziesmer Jill , A. Sotiriou Georgios , Zergioti Ioanna , Tamvakopoulos Constantin , Klinakis Apostolos
Published: August 2023

Small molecule inhibitors targeting specific proteins are claiming a continuously growing share in cancer therapy, more commonly in combination with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. While these inhibitors are taken orally, the majority of chemotherapies are administered through intravenous injection in the hospital premises. Alternative routes for chemotherapy administration would allow more frequent administration at lower dosing by the patient oneself, allowing combination treatment with reduced side effects. Here, we employed laser printing to prepare microneedles for transdermal delivery of cisplatin. Combination treatment with cisplatin transdermally and the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib orally leads to effective treatment in a cancer xenograft mouse model in vivo, while reducing the risk for systemic side effects. This work opens new avenues in anti-cancer therapy by allowing the administration of chemotherapy without the need for intravenous injection alone or in combination with other therapies.
Sub-regional design of the bionic bone scaffolds using macrostructural topology
Authors: He Yangdong , Chao Long , Jiao Chen , Wang Hong , Xie Deqiao , Wu Guofeng , Wang Lin , Wang Changjiang , Zhao Jianfeng , Shen Lida , Liang Huixin
Published: August 2023

With the increasing demand for bone repair, the bionic bone scaffolds have become a research hotspot. A sub-regional design method of the bionic bone scaffolds, using macrostructural topology, is proposed in this paper, aiming to provide a functionally enhanced region division method for the gradient design. The macrostructural topology was carried out by the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO), dividing the predefined design domain into sub-region A and sub-region B. Subsequently, a combined probability sphere model and a distance-to-scale coefficient mapping model are established to implement the graded porosification based on the Voronoi tessellation. This approach takes geometric and mechanical continuity into fully account and assures a reasonable distribution of characteristic parameters, yielding to improve the mechanical strength under specific stress conditions. Finally, the scaffolds were fabricated by the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process using the Ti-6Al-4V powder. The results of compression tests are satisfactory, showing that the as-built specimens implement sub-regional functionality. The apparent elastic modulus and the ultimate strength range, respectively, between 1.50 GPa and 7.12 GPa (for the first module) and between 38.55 MPa and 268.03 MPa (for the second module), which conform to the required level of natural bone, providing a possibility for clinical application.
A 3D-printed micro-perfused culture device with embedded 3D fibrous scaffold for enhanced biomimicry
Authors: Lin Ng Feng , Cen Zhanhong , Toh Yi-Chin , Tan Lay Poh
Published: August 2023

Additive manufacturing has rapidly revolutionized the medical sectors since it is a versatile, cost-effective, assembly free technique with the ability to replicate geometrically complicated features. Some of the widely reported applications include the printing of scaffolds, implants, or microfluidic devices. In this study, a 3D-printed micro-perfused culture (MPC) device embedded with a nanofibrous scaffold was designed to create an integrated micro-perfused 3D cell culture environment for living cells. The addition of 3D fibrous scaffold onto the microfluidic chip was to provide a more physiologically relevant microenvironment for cell culture studies. Stereolithography was adopted in this study as this technique obviates excessive preassembly and bonding steps, which would otherwise be needed in conventional microfluidic fabrication. Huh7.5 hepatocellular carcinoma cells were used as model cells for this platform since liver cells experience similar perfused microenvironment. Preliminary cell studies revealed that gene expressions of albumin (ALB) and cytochrome P450 isoform (CYP3A7) were found to be significantly upregulated on the 3D-printed MPC device as compared to the static counterpart. Taken together, the 3D-printed MPC device is shown to be a physiologically relevant platform for the maintenance of liver cells. The device and printing technique developed in this study is highly versatile and tailorable to mimic local in vivo microenvironment needs of various tissues, which could be studied in future.
 
3D printing and bioprinting in urology
Authors: Liu Kun , Hu Nan , Yu Zhihai , Zhang Xinzhou , Ma Hualin , Qu Huawei , Ruan Changshun
Published: August 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) printing with highly flexible fabrication offers unlimited possibilities to create complex constructs. With the addition of active substances such as biomaterials, living cells, and growth factors, 3D printing can be upgraded to 3D bioprinting, endowing fabricated constructs with biological functions. Urology, as one of the important branches of clinical medicine, covers a variety of organs in the human body, such as kidneys, bladder, urethra, and prostate. The urological organs are multi-tubular, heterogeneous, and anisotropic, bringing huge challenges to 3D printing and bioprinting. This review aims to summarize the development of 3D printing and bioprinting technologies in urology in the last decade based on the Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-E) in the Web of Science Core Collection online database (Clarivate). First, we demonstrate the search strategies for published papers using the keywords such as “3D printing,” “3D bioprinting,” and “urology.” Then, eight common 3D printing technologies were introduced in detail with their characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Furthermore, the application of 3D printing in urology was explored, such as the fabrication of diseased organs for doctor–patient communication, surgical planning, clinical teaching, and the creation of customized medical devices. Finally, we discuss the exploration of 3D bioprinting to create in vitro bionic 3D environment models for urology. Overall, 3D printing provides the technical support for urology to better serve patients and aid teaching, and 3D bioprinting enables the clinical applications of fabricated constructs for the replacement and repair of urologically damaged organs in future.