bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Walkability Index in the City of Vadodara, Gujarat. The study of factors affecting walkability in the urban context
Authors: Patel Fennyben Udaykumar
Published: October 2022

Walkability provides a foundation for a sustainable city (Bhattacharyya & Mitra, 2013). Walking is measured as one of the most sustainable & democratic ways of traveling within the cityâ€”the advantages of applying the walkability concept and the factors related to making cities more pedestrian-friendly (TUROÅƒ et al., 2017). Walkability provides travel safety, security, and comfort for city dwellers (Bhattacharyya & Mitra, 2013). Pedestrian paths must be well planned in width, paving, landscaping, signing, and lighting. A walkable neighborhood or city has a controllable pattern of events to serve daily wants. Pedestrian-friendly transportation is essential for any local area as it increases social gatherings, improves peoples' safety, and improves public health and the overall urban environment. Thus, there is a need to address walkability as an essential transport mode as a revised perspective of sustainable transportation. A walking environment is one of the essential needs to take a step toward sustainable transportation. This research is based primarily on qualitative and qualitative evidence sequentially collected in three phases based on the research objective. In the first phase of research, there are two segments. The first is the footpath mapping done with the help of QGIS software, which helps identify the availability of the footpath in three areas of Vadodara city. The second is to take a pedestrian perception survey based on the MoUD framework of the walking index based on the IRC Guidelines. The second phase investigated the gap between the existing situation of road sections based on elements affecting the walkability of the proposed road section in the IRC Guidelines. It is a comparative analysis between standard & existing conditions. The last phase was to prepare guidelines & design needs to revise in IRC guidelines after examining the second phase's result. The research concludes by redesigning the existing roads for pedestrian, non-motorized transport vehicles & motorized transport vehicles with wide footpaths and spaces for vendors on the streets & roads that will enhance the walkability in the urban area.
Low Risk of Lymphoma in Pediatric Patients Treated for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Egberg Matthew D. , Zhang Xian , Smitherman Andrew B. , Kappelman Michael D.
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Despite the effectiveness of immune-suppressing therapies in treating pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), concerns of lymphoma may limit their use. We used a large administrative claims database to evaluate the risk of lymphoma in pediatric IBD and conducted a case series analysis of medication exposure in children diagnosed with lymphoma.

METHODS:

We analyzed administrative claims from the 2007 to 2018 IQVIA database and identified pediatric (≤18 years) patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis using International Classification of Diseases, 9th or 10th Revision codes and pharmacy claims. Lymphoma cases were identified by diagnosis codes and confirmed by independent claim-by-claim review by a pediatric oncologist and gastroenterologist. We calculated incidence rates for lymphoma among patients with and without pharmacy claims for treatment followed by treatment description among those who developed lymphoma during follow-up.

RESULTS:

A total of 10,777 pediatric patients with IBD received ≥1 IBD therapy (median age 15 years [12–17], 45% female and 61% diagnosed with Crohn's disease) during 28,292 patient-years of follow-up. Among treated patients, 5 lymphoma cases were identified (incidence rate 17.7/100,000 patient-years; 95% confidence interval 6.5–39.2). Of these, 4 were treated with a thiopurine before lymphoma diagnosis, and none received anti–tumor necrosis factor-α (anti-TNF) monotherapy.

DISCUSSION:

The overall lymphoma incidence was low among our cohort of treated pediatric patients with IBD. We observed no cases of lymphoma among patients prescribed anti-TNF monotherapy. These findings reinforce the relative safety of anti-TNF monotherapy for the treatment of pediatric IBD.
Patient Knowledge, Risk Perception, and Barriers to Barrett's Esophagus Screening
Authors: Kolb Jennifer M. , Chen Mindy , Tavakkoli Anna , Gallegos Jazmyne , O'Hara Jack , Tarter Wyatt , Hochheimer Camille J. , Golubski Bryan , Kopplin Noa , Hennessey Lilly , Kalluri Anita , Devireddy Shalika , Scott Frank I. , Falk Gary W. , Singal Amit G. , Vajravelu Ravy K. , Wani Sachin
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Most patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) do not have a previous diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus (BE), demonstrating a failure of current screening practices. An understanding of patient attitudes and barriers is essential to develop and implement interventions to improve BE screening adherence.

METHODS:

We conducted a Web-based survey of patients aged >50 years with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease at 3 academic medical centers and 1 affiliated safety net health systems. Survey domains included patient characteristics, endoscopy history, familiarity with screening practices, perceived BE/EAC risk, and barriers to screening.

RESULTS:

We obtained a response rate of 22.6% (472/2,084) (74% men, mean age 67.9 years). Self-identified race and ethnicity of participants was 66.5% non-Hispanic White, 20.0% non-Hispanic Black, 13.4% other race, and 7.1% Hispanic. Screening for BE was recommended in only 13.2%, and only 5.3% reported previous screening. Respondents had notable gaps in knowledge about screening indications; only two-thirds correctly identified BE risk factors and only 19.5% believed BE screening was needed for gastroesophageal reflux disease. More than 1 in 5 respondents believed they would get BE (31.9%) or EAC (20.2%) but reported barriers to screening. Compared with White respondents, more Black respondents were concerned about getting BE/EAC and interested in screening but report higher barriers to screening.

DISCUSSION:

Patients at risk for BE, particularly racial and ethnic minorities, are worried about developing EAC but rarely undergo screening and have poor understanding of screening recommendations.
Reduced Adenoma Miss Rate With 9-Minute vs 6-Minute Withdrawal Times for Screening Colonoscopy: A Multicenter Randomized Tandem Trial
Authors: Zhao Shengbing , Song Yihang , Wang Shuling , Wang Rong , Feng Zhijie , Gong Aixia , Yang Xia , Pan Peng , Yao Dongmei , Zhang Jingwen , Zhu Yaqin , Li Tao , Bi Junhua , Ren Xu , Tang Xiufen , Li Qiang , Yu Dan , Zheng Jinghua , Song Bo , Wang Ping , Chen Weigang , Shang Guochen , Xu Yanqiu , Xu Ping , Lai Yuexing , Xu Huanhai , Yang Xiaomin , Sheng Jianqiu , Tao Yurong , Li Xinghua , Zhu Yangbei , Zhang Xiaofeng , Shen Hongzhang , Ma Yingcai , Wang Fangyu , Wu Lin , Wang Xianfei , Li Zhaoshen , Bai Yu
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Although the 9-minute mean withdrawal time (m-WT) is often reported to be associated with the optimal adenoma detection rate (ADR), no randomized trials of screening colonoscopy have confirmed the impact of a 9-minute m-WT on adenoma miss rate (AMR) and ADR.

METHODS:

A multicenter tandem trial was conducted in 11 centers. Seven hundred thirty-three asymptomatic participants were randomized to receive segmental tandem screening colonoscopy with a 9-minute withdrawal, followed by a 6-minute withdrawal (9-minute-first group, 9MF, n = 366) or vice versa (6-minute-first group, 6MF, n = 367). The primary outcome was the lesion-level AMR.

RESULTS:

The intention-to-treat analysis revealed that 9MF significantly reduced the lesion-level (14.5% vs 36.6%, P < 0.001) and participant-level AMR (10.9% vs 25.9%, P < 0.001), advanced adenoma miss rate (AAMR, 5.3% vs 46.9%, P = 0.002), multiple adenomas miss rate (20.7% vs 56.5%, P = 0.01), and high-risk adenomas miss rate (14.6% vs 39.5%, P = 0.01) of 6MF without compromising detection efficiency (P = 0.79). In addition, a lower false-negative rate for adenomas (P = 0.002) and high-risk adenomas (P < 0.05), and a lower rate of shortening surveillance schedule (P < 0.001) were also found in 9MF, accompanying with an improved ADR in the 9-minute vs 6-minute m-WT (42.3% vs 33.5%, P = 0.02). The independent inverse association between m-WT and AMR remained significant even after adjusting ADR, and meanwhile, 9-minute m-WT was identified as an independent protector for AMR and AAMR.

DISCUSSION:

In addition to increasing ADR, 9-minute m-WT also significantly reduces the AMR and AAMR of screening colonoscopy without compromising detection efficiency.
Medicare Patients Face High Out-of-Pocket Costs for Specialty Inflammatory Bowel Disease Medications
Authors: Dong Jeffrey , Ladonne Michelle , Feuerstein Joseph D.
Published: October 2022

INTRODUCTION:

Medicare patients in the United States may face high out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for specialty inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) medications.

METHODS:

We conducted a study of Medicare OOP costs for specialty IBD medications between 2020 and 2022 and compared them to incomes of typical Medicare beneficiaries.

RESULTS:

In 2022, median OOP costs ranged from 6.4% to 59.2% of annual income for a Medicare patient with approximately median income. Inflation-adjusted OOP costs for most medications increased between 2020 and 2022 though decreased for infliximab and its biosimilars.

DISCUSSION:

OOP costs may limit many Medicare beneficiaries' access to specialty IBD medications.
Editorial
Authors: Pinilla Vásquez Raquel , Rodríguez Luna María Elvira
Published: October 2022

L os problemas relacionados con la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la lengua en los diferentes niveles de la escolaridad constituyen el común denominador de los artículos publicados en la presente edición. A su vez, expresan las variadas dimensiones que intervienen en la comprensión de los procesos relaciónados con las actividades del lenguaje y la búsqueda de transformaciones necesarias en las prácticas pedagógicas.
La pedagogía en Colombia: entre el saber, el discurso y la disciplina, 1982-2020
Authors: Jiménez Becerra Absalón
Published: October 2022

El presente texto busca dilucidar el devenir reciente de la pedagogía en Colombia, con el interés de aclarar una discusión compleja, cuando se reivindica a la pedagogía como una disciplina consustancial en el proceso de formación de maestros y profesores. Ensayaremos una reflexión en busca de claridad, recuperando cierto orden histórico conceptual en torno a la pedagogía colombiana, entre 1982 y 2020, con el fin de facilitar su estudio y análisis a las jóvenes generaciones de educadores, y fortalecer el proceso de formación de maestros y profesores en las facultades de Educación. En este periodo de tiempo, nuestra pedagogía, de manera paulatina, reconstituyó su estatus, ya como saber, ya como discurso, ya como una disciplina consustancial a la formación de maestros y profesores.
El análisis comparativo de los planes de estudio en lengua y literatura en los países de Iberoamérica en el nivel medio
Authors: Jurado Valencia Fabio , Bustamante Zamudio Guillermo
Published: October 2022

Durante el año de 1997 y el primer semestre de 1998, la Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos -OEI- adelantó un análisis comparativo de los planes y programas de estudio, en el área de lengua y literatura,de los 23 países que conforman a Iberoamérica,con la excepción de Brasil y Portugal, por cuanto el análisis se concentraía en la lengua castellana y sus literaturas. Para tal fin, la OEI convocó a un delegado de cada Ministerio de Educación, dos expertos colombianos, dos de Argentina y cuatro españoles en el área específica.
Textos y contextos de la persuasión. Los medios de comunicación de masas y la construcción social del conocimiento
Authors: Lomas Carlos
Published: October 2022

En las últimas décadas los medios de comunicación de masas (prensa, radio y televisión) y la publicidad han adquirido un protagonismo evidente en la vida cotidiana de las personas y de las sociedades contemporáneas. La inmensa mayoría de las informaciones y de los conocimientos que tenemos sobre el entorno físico y social procede hoy en día de las noticias de los periódicos, de los programas de la televisión y de las escenas de los anuncios. De ahí que nuestras ideas acerca del mundo y de las personas cada vez tengan más que ver con la forma en que los medios de comunicación de masas y la publicidad seleccionan y exhiben sus contenidos informativos.
Editorial
Authors: Rodríguez Luna María Elvira , Pinilla Vásquez Raquel
Published: October 2022

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La etnografía de la comunicación: una perspectiva de la investigación sobre el lenguaje y la cultura
Authors: Rodríguez Luna María Elvira
Published: October 2022

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La lingüística aplicada y la enseñanza del inglés como lengua extranjera: su encuentro en los proyectos pedagógicos
Authors: Sánchez Naranjo Jannette
Published: October 2022

La Ley General de Educación (115 de 1994) establece en su artículo 21, "la adquisición de elementos de conversación y de lectura, al menos en una lengua extranjera" como uno de los objetivos específicos de la educación básica primaria y, debido a que el inglés se presenta como una lengua de gran influencia en nuestra sociedad y en el mundo en general, se configura como una de las de mayor demanda. Esto ha generado un creciente interés por el tema de la enseñanza del inglés como lengua extranjera en nuestro país, en la medida en que se plantean algunas preguntas: ¿Cómo lograr que los estudiantes sean competentes comunicativamente en ésa lengua? ¿Cómo enseñar una lengua fuera de su contexto socio-cultural? ¿Cómo alcanzar que una segunda lengua ingrese realmente a las aulas y empiece a hacer parte de la vida académica de profesores y estudiantes?
Relaciones entre concepciones sobre el lenguaje y la lengua escrita
Authors: Bojacá Blanca , Morales Rosa , Bustamante B. Borys
Published: October 2022

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Editorial
Authors: Pinilla Vásquez Raquel , Rodríguez Luna María Elvira
Published: October 2022

Con el propósito de contribuir al diálogo interdisciplinario y al fortalecimiento de la comunidad académica interesada por la investigación en el campo del lenguaje y sus diversas manifestaciones, la presente edición de la Revista Enunciación amplía la divulgación de estudios realizados desde diversas perspectivas del análisis del discurso.
What informs the multi-actor indicator on school coexistence in Chile? A mixed design analysis
Authors: Ascorra Paula , Bilbao Marían , Cárdenas Karen , López Verónica , Carrasco Claudia
Published: October 2022

The “Safe Classroom” bill has created in Chile the need to discuss and review the way in which school coexistence is understood and measured. Although the discussion among citizens, parliamentarians and researchers has oscillated between a security approach and a democratizing approach to school coexistence, it is still pending to identify how school coexistence is conceptualized and measured in the questionnaires that accompany the national standardized test of the Educational Quality Measurement System (SIMCE). Given the above, we sought to understand this conceptualization and explore the indicators of students and parents in relation to the School Coexistence Indicator reported to each establishment. A mixed sequential qualitative (documentary analysis) and quantitative (secondary analysis of the SIMCE 2014, 2015 and 2017 databases) sequential design study was conducted. The findings show the existence of a narrow conceptualization of school coexistence linked to order, safety and discipline. For their part, the indicators for students and proxies are significantly different from each other. Recommendations are presented for public policy aimed at broadening the construct, revising the weightings, disaggregating the indicator by educational actor, and reporting the results of the evaluation by dimensions.
Formulasi Sediaan Spray Gel Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Manis (Citrus Sinensis L.) sebagai Anti-Aging
Authors: Angelia Angelia , Putri Gracia Rinika , Shabrina Amalia , Ekawati Nuraini
Published: October 2022

Paparan radikal bebas dari sinar UV, polusi udara, dan bahan kimia pada kosmetik dapat memicu penuaan dini. Kulit jeruk manis (Citrus sinensis L.) mengandung senyawa flavonoid dan fenol sebagai antioksidan sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk melawan dampak buruk radikal bebas pada kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak kulit jeruk manis, memformulasikan ekstrak dalam sediaan spray gel, dan mengukur aktivitas antioksidan sediaan. Uji aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH. Pengukuran nilai absorbansi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis dengan panjang gelombang maksimum 514,6 nm. Penentuan aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menghitung nilai % inhibisi, persamaan regresi linear, dan LC50 sampel ekstrak kulit jeruk manis, sediaan spray gel, dan vitamin C sebagai kontrol positif. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan ekstrak kulit jeruk manis, sediaan spray gel, dan vitamin C memiliki IC50 berturut-turut sebesar 285 ppm, 2437 ppm, dan 0,689 ppm. Spray gel yang dihasilkan berbentuk cair agak kental, tidak terjadi pemisahan fase, homogen, memiliki waktu kering 2 menit 42 detik, dan daya sebar 5,32 cm. Uji stabilitas sediaan diperoleh nilai pH 4,5 - 6,5 yang menunjukkan bahwa sediaan stabil dan viskositas di bawah 150 cP. Ekstrak kulit jeruk manis dan sediaan spray gel ekstrak jeruk manis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan lemah dan stabilitas yang baik.
Evaluasi Pengelolaan Obat pada Tahap Distribusi, Penyimpanan, serta Penggunaan Obat Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Mutiara Bunda Tahun 2019
Authors: Ramadhani Syahrizal , Akbar Depy Oktavian , Wan Jose Refor
Published: October 2022

Distribusi, penyimpanan dan penggunaan obat merupakan faktor penting dalam pengelolaan obat. Dampak yang terjadi akibat distribusi tidak berjalan dengan baik mengakibatkan terjadinya kekosongan obat yang mempengaruhi pada pelayanan terhadap pasien. Dampak yang terjadi jikaproses penyimpanan tidak berjalan dengan baik seperti kesalahan dalam pengambilan obat yang berbahaya bagi pasien serta terdapat barang ataupun stok yang melewati masa kedaluwarsa. Dalampenggunaan obat, masalah yang muncul adalah penggunaan obat tidak rasional dapat memberikan dampak negatif baik secara medis, ekonomis, maupun sosial, dan belum adanya evaluasipengelolaan obat pada tahap tersebut. Sehingga tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasisistem pengelolaan obat pada tahap distribusi, penyimpanan, dan penggunaan obat di Rumah SakitMutiara Bunda dibandingkan dengan nilai indikator standar. Rancangan penelitian bersifatdeskriptif dan evaluatif dengan metode observasi menggunakan data retrospektif dan concurrent.Data dianalisis dengan indikator pengelolaan obat yang telah ditetetapkan didukung dengan hasil wawancara petugas. Hasil penelitian yang tidak sesuai standar pada tahap distribusi; indikator kecocokan antar jumlah fisik obat dengan kartu stock (94,8%); tahap penyimpanan, presentase stok mati (9,30%); dan tahap penggunaan, jumlah item obat perlembar resep (2,44).
Senyawa Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Farmakologi Family Basellaceae sebagai Obat Luka : A Narrative Review
Authors: Akhmadi Cindyana , Utami Widyaningrum , Annisaa’ Eva
Published: October 2022

Tanaman dalam family Basellaceae secara tradisional telah digunakan di Indonesia, salah satunya untuk mengobati luka. Aktivitas penyembuhan luka berdasarkan kandungan senyawa fitokimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis, mekanisme kerja senyawa fitokimia, dan spesies family Basellaceae yang berpotensi menyembuhkan luka. Metode pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan diagram alir. Pencarian bersumber pada Google Scholar, Scopus, dan ScienceDirect. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat 7 artikel sebagai data utama. Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) adalah spesies yang paling banyak diteliti, secara in vitro maupun in vivo. Kandungan senyawa fitokimia dalam family Basellaceae yaitu fenolik, terpenoid, alkaloid, glikosida, dan saponin. Senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai kandidat obat luka adalah flavonoid, fenol, tanin, triterpenoid, asam oleanolat, steroid, alkaloid, saponin, dan glikosida. Spesies yang memiliki aktivitas penyembuhan luka adalah Anredera diffusa, Ullucus tuberosus Caldas dan Anredera cordifolia (Ten.). Mekanisme kerja senyawa fitokimia family Basellaceae pada proses penyembuhan luka yaitu meningkatkan aktivitas cicatrizant, kepadatan kolagen, persentase peyembuhan luka, aktivitas kolagenase, produksi pro-kolagen, MMP-1, migrasi dan proliferasi fibroblas kulit manusia, dan/atau menurunkan jarak tepi luka, diameter luka dan jaringan granulasi.
Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol 70% Kulit Pisang Ambon Kuning (Musa acuminata Colla) terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Sayat pada Kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Meilina Anggia , Nindita Yora , Sunarsih Endang Sri
Published: October 2022

Salah satu alternatif untuk penyembuhan luka sayat dengan menggunakan kulit pisang ambon kuning (Musa acuminata Colla) karena terdapat senyawa flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan, antiinflamasi, dan antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol 70% kulit pisang ambon kuning dan konsentrasi ekstrak yang mampu memberikan efek lebih cepat terhadap aktivitas penyembuhan luka sayat pada kelinci. Penelitian merupakan eksperimental laboratorium menggunakan 5 kelinci dengan 5 perlakuan sayat tiap kelinci. K- (suspensi CMC 0,5%), K+ (povidone iodine), P1 (ekstrak 5%), P2 (ekstrak 10%), dan P3 (ekstrak 15%). Uji aktivitas dilakukan dengan pengamatan menggunakan kriteria makroskopis modifikasi Nagaoka dan persentase penyembuhan luka sayat. Serbuk simplisia dan ekstrak kental mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, kuinon, tanin, dan terpenoid serta mengandung karbohidrat golongan monosakarida. Data skoring makroskopis dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis didapatkan hasil secara statistik tidak bermakna (P=0,567) pada semua kelompok. Data pengukuran persentase penyembuhan luka sayat dengan uji Post-hoc LSD didapatkan hasil yang berbeda bermakna (P<0,05) antara K+, P2, P3 terhadap K-, serta P3 terhadap P1 dan P2. Kelompok P3 menunjukkan aktivitas penyembuhan luka sayat pada kelinci yang lebih cepat dibanding P1 dan P2.
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan terhadap Perilaku Penggunaan Suplemen Vitamin C pada Masyarakat saat Pandemi Covid-19: di Daerah Kecamatan Lamongan Kabupaten Lamongan
Authors: A'yuna Alisa Qurrota , Annisaa' Eva , Dianingati Ragil Setia
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 yang telah resmi ditetapkan oleh WHO sebagai pandemi global, membuat masyarakat Indonesia cemas dan mulai mengonsumsi suplemen untuk menjaga imunitas tubuh. Suplemen vitamin yang paling banyak dikonsumsi yakni suplemen vitamin C. Suplemen ini banyak diminati masyarakat tanpa mengetahui efek sampingnya jika dikonsumsi berlebihan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai khasiat dan efek samping suplemen vitamin C, mengetahui perilaku masyarakat dalam menggunakan suplemen vitamin C selama pandemi COVID-19, serta mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan terhadap perilaku penggunaan suplemen vitamin C pada masyarakat saat pandemi COVID-19 di Kecamatan Lamongan, Kabupaten Lamongan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 114 orang dan uji statistik menggunakan Chi-square. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat di Kecamatan Lamongan, Kabupaten Lamongan yang tergolong baik yaitu sebanyak 44%, cukup sebanyak 32%, serta kurang sebanyak 24%. Adapun perilaku masyarakat yang tergolong baik sebanyak 36%, cukup sebanyak 32%, dan kurang sebanyak 32%. Seluruh karakteristik sampel memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkat pengetahuan (p < 0,05). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku penggunaan suplemen vitamin C (p = 0,000).
Kajian Sistematik: Aktivitas Kuersetin sebagai Inhibitor Kanker Payudara secara In Vitro
Authors: Naushafira Nadhira Dzaky , Hanuna Hanuna , Dewi Monika Kumala , Selius Wong Vivian Nathania
Published: October 2022

Kuersetin merupakan senyawa flavonoid yang melimpah di alam. Kuersetin memiliki aktivitas anti kanker sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif terapi kanker termasuk kanker payudara. Perlu dilakukan studi lebih lanjut mengenai potensinya dalam menghambat sel kanker payudara. Tujuan dari kajian sistematik ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas kuersetin sebagai inhibitor kanker payudara secara in vitro. Pencarian dilakukan dari dua database yaitu PubMed dan Springer. Literatur yang digunakan adalah literatur yang diterbitkan pada lima tahun terakhir dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi yang ditetapkan. Terdapat 10 jurnal yang relevan terhadap tujuan kajian sistematik ini. Sebanyak tujuh penelitian menggunakan jenis sel kanker payudara MCF-7 dan tiga penelitian menggunakan jenis sel kanker payudara MDA-MB. Penelitian tersebut menunjukkan hasil IC50yang beragam dari uji DPPH dan MTT, tetapi aktivitas antioksidan ataupun sitotoksik dari penelitian-penelitian tersebut termasuk kuat. Kuersetin memiliki aktivitas induksi kematian sel kanker payudara dengan tingkat selektivitas yang tinggi. Perbedaan preparasi kuersetin dapat mempengaruhi efek anti kanker payudara terhadap sel MCF-7 dan MDA-MB.
Review Artikel: Strategi Pengembangan Senyawa Thiourea Sebagai Agen Antikanker
Authors: Prabhata Wimzy Rizqy , Aulannisa Fidya , Rahman Muhammad Arif Rizky Nur , Thesalonica Shyelivia
Published: October 2022

Thiourea merupakan senyawa penuntun yang memiliki peranan penting dalam pengembangan obat antikanker. Aktivitas biologis senyawa turunan thiourea dalam menghambat pertumbuhan berbagai macam lini sel kanker menjadikan senyawa turunan thiourea memiliki potensi yang sangat besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai agen antikanker. Artikel ini membahas berbagai macam strategi yang dikembangkan dalam desain senyawa turunan thiourea untuk mendapatkan senyawa antikanker yang memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik dan selektivitas yang tinggi. Pencarian literatur dilakukan dengan menggunakan database pubmed dan scopus untuk mengumpulkan informasi. Artikel ini akan membahas pengaruh dari variasi gugus atau subtituen senyawa terhadap aktivitas sitotoksik dan selektivitas dari senyawa turunan thiourea berdasarkan kajian in vitro. Aktivitas senyawa turunan thiourea terhadap berbagai macam lini sel kanker juga akan dibahas dalam artikel ini. Tingginya aktivitas sitotoksik dan selektivitas senyawa turunan thiourea memberikan bukti bahwa senyawa ini perlu diberikan dukungan yang tinggi untuk diuji lebih lanjut secara klinis.
Significance of the Energy Resources for Pakistan’s Economy: Challenges and the Way Forward
Authors: Rubab Rahila Khatoon , Tagar Hamzo Khan , Shoro Iram , Jalbani Muhammad Saleem
Published: October 2022

Energy has been widely demanded, due to increasing population pressure and changing consumptions pattern globally. Domestic and commercial activities have become more dependent on the energy sector in the 21st century. Reliable and affordable energy is the dream of developing countries for their economic growth and development because of its correlation to the subject matter. The rapid growth of the industries developed agriculture; modern trade and dynamic transportation facilities are mostly dependent on the energy sector. A decent supply of energy at a cheap rate for sustainable growth and development is the need of the hour in Pakistan. It is analyzed that the energy crisis began in the country in 1990, after Iraq and Kuwait war. Pakistan mostly depends on energy imports because energy resources of hydro powers, natural gas and oil fields are untapped due to a lack of sufficient investment and several other unavoidable circumstances. The basic aim and objectives of this study are to investigate and explore the major obstacles in efficient energy management to reduce the gap shortfall. This study recommends that the policymakers of the government of Pakistan specifically political economy managers focus attention and investment should be on green energy resources i.e., solar, wind energy, biogas and other options of alternatives energy resources in their policies and programs in the greater public interest of economic development for all in the region.
Parts of speech and the placement of Targets in the corpus of languages in northwestern Iran
Authors: Asadpour Hiwa
Published: October 2022

This study applies a corpus-based quantitative approach to the word order typology and linguistic theories about word order in several genetically unrelated language varieties in northwestern Iran, such as Mukri Kurdish, Northeastern Kurdish and Armenian (Indo-European), Jewish Neo-Aramaic (Semitic), and Azeri Turkic (Turkish). Despite the difference in the default position of the direct object, the existing corpora of published and personal field data of narrative free speech demonstrate that these languages share the clause-final position of Targets predominantly (e.g., physical and metaphorical goals, recipients, addressees, and resultant-states) in their word order. Yet, Targets are more flexible in Mukri Kurdish, Northeastern Neo-Aramaic, and Azeri Turkic, whereas they are less flexible in Armenian and Northeastern Kurdish. Among various factors relevant to the placement of Targets, morphosyntactic features such as parts of speech exhibit constraints and clear preferences in the pre- and postverbal placement of Targets.
Unwelcome Return Home: Jews, Anti-Semitism and the Housing Problem in Post-War Kyiv
Authors: Khiterer Victoria
Published: October 2022

The article discusses the aftermath of the Holocaust in Kyiv and shows what factors contributed to the sharp rise of state and popular anti-Semitism in the city in the post-war years. During the Nazi occupation, Babyn Yar in Kyiv became one of the largest Holocaust killing grounds, where the Nazis and their local collaborators exterminated almost all Jews who remained in the city. When surviving Jews returned to Kyiv from evacuation and the fronts, gentiles frequently refused to hand over apartments to the pre-war occupants. Jewish appeals to the authorities often were denied. The authorities, many of whom shared the anti-Semitic mood of much of the local population, usually refused to help returning Jews claim their property. A Jewish pogrom broke out in Kyiv in September 1945, when sixteen Jews were killed and over 100 injured. The harshness of life in the ruined city, the severe shortage of apartments and the rise of the anti-Semitism overlapped in Kyiv and brought about an explosion of anti-Jewish violence in the city. The Soviet authorities attempted to suppress popular anti-Semitism in Ukraine after the war but failed. Then they adopted the policy of state anti-Semitism in 1948–1953.
Frequency domain analysis of a piezoelectric energy harvester with impedance matching network
Authors: Bonnin Michele , Song Kailing
Published: October 2022

Piezoelectric energy harvesters are electromechanical systems, capable to convert ambient dispersed mechanical vibrations into usable electrical energy. They can be used for supplying power to sensors and actuators that are wireless connected, miniaturized and remote located. In this work, we analyze piezoelectric energy harvesters for mechanical vibrations in the frequency domain. White Gaussian and colored noise models for random vibrations are considered. The governing equations for the harvester are derived from mechanical properties, the characteristic relationships of piezoelectric materials, and circuit description of the electrical load. We show that the energy harvester can be modelled by cascade connected electromechanical two-ports, and that frequency domain methods are the perfect tool for analysis. Formulas for the harvested power and power efficiency are derived. We also show that application of matching networks reduces the impedance mismatch between the mechanical and the electrical parts, significantly increasing the harvested power and power efficiency. The matching network solution is compared to others, previously proposed solutions, such as application of power-factor correction. We show that the matching network offers nine times more average power and better power efficiency than the unmatched resistive load, and increases by more than 10% the harvested power and efficiency, with respect to the power-factor corrected solution.
A nevelésszociológia alapjai: aktuális kutatási területek és elméletek gyűjteménye – könyvismertetés
Authors: Fináncz Judit
Published: October 2022

Book:

Varga Aranka, szerk. (2015): A nevelésszociológia alapjai. Pécsi Tudományegyetem BölcsészettudományiKar Neveléstudományi Intézet Romológia és Nevelésszociológia Tanszék, WlislockiHenrik Szakkollégium, Pécs.
A netkultúra és az információs műveltség problémaköre
Authors: Szalacsi Alexandra
Published: October 2022

Book: 

Sipos A. M., Varga K., Egervári D. (2015). Net! Mindenekfelett? – Kompetenciák a digitálisuniverzumban. PTE FEEK Könyvtár- és Információtudományi Intézet, Pécs. http://mek.oszk.hu/14700/14787/ (2016.02.13.)
Esélyegyenlőségi dimenziók egy roma szakkollégiumban
Authors: Varga Aranka
Published: October 2022

A tanulmány célja olyan társadalomfilozófiai és társadalompolitikai megközelítések bemutatása,melyek fontosak a neveléstudomány számára is. Az esélyegyenlőség összefüggéseinek feltárása, pszichológiai és pedagógiai aspektusú megközelítése hozzá tud járulni a sokszínű tanulói környezet hatékony, eredményes és méltányos működtetéséhez. E mellett az interszekcionalitás és az empowerment fogalmainak összekötése az inkluzív tanulási környezet és a reziliens diák jellemzőivel neveléstudományi nézőpontba helyez szociológiai, szociálpolitikai kérdéseket. A fogalmi „adaptáció” alátámasztására a Pécsi Tudományegyetem Wlislocki Henrik Szakkollégiumának szakmai koncepciója szolgál, melyet a szakkollégistákkal felvett mélyinterjúk elemzése példáz. Így egyidejűleg ismerhetünk meg egy roma szakkollégiumot elvei és működési gyakorlata alapján és tekinthetünk az esélyegyenlőség kérdéskörére a hozzá kapcsolódó fogalmi dimenziók összefüggésrendszere mentén.
Produktív tanulás – interpretációk
Authors: Bárdossy Ildikó
Published: October 2022

Jelen írás a produktivitás, a produktív tanulás értelmezési kereteit, megközelítésmódjait vázolja fel a válogatott források és a fejlesztői tapasztalatok alapján. Érzékeltetni kívánja azt, hogy a produktív tanulásnak komoly gyökerei vannak, ugyanakkor a jelen oktatásában, felsőoktatásában, s a különböző intézményekben (netán intelligens tanulószervezetekben) való – igényként, ígéretként, lehetőségként, hiányként, kritikus pontként számba vehető – kiteljesedése/kiteljesítése mit sem veszít aktualitásából.
Az akciókutatás értelmezése a pedagógiai gyakorlatban és a tanárképzésben
Authors: Zank Ildikó
Published: October 2022

Az akciókutatás olyan helyzetet teremt, amely kedvez a valódi kollaborációnak, az elmélet és a gyakorlat összekapcsolásának, a szakmai közösség számára lehetővé téve a különféle tudástípusok integrálását és alkalmazását. A tanulmány rövid áttekintést ad az akciókutatás történeti hátteréről, társadalmi és pedagógiai beágyazottságáról, lehetséges szerepéről a tanárképzésbenilletve a tanári professzió fejlődésében, különös tekintettel a pécsi neveléstudományi műhely kutatási-fejlesztési- képzési – gyakorlati folyamataira. A kooperatív alapelvek és a neveléstudományi akciókutatás kritériumainak párhuzamba állításával a tanulmány egy paradigmatikus értelmezés lehetőségét is tárgyalja, illetve megkísérli az akciókutatás minőségi feltételeinek meghatározását.
Rituximab in the treatment of Graves’ orbitopathy: latest updates and perspectives
Authors: Supronik Jakub , Szelachowska Małgorzata , Kretowski Adam , Siewko Katarzyna
Published: October 2022

Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is a potentially sight-threatening and disfiguring, extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves’ disease. It often impairs patients’ quality of life, causing severe social and psychological sequelae. Intravenous glucocorticosteroids is currently the mainstay of therapy, but the efficacy is often underwhelming and recurrence rate is high. For many years, clinicians have been searching for new methods of treatment. Rituximab (RTX) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeted against CD20 which is a surface antigen present on B cells. It is frequently used to treat non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, or various types of vasculitis. Numerous clinical trials employing RTX in the treatment of GO have shown promising results. RTX is currently considered to be a valid second-line treatment option in patients unresponsive to previous interventions or in disease reactivation. This review summarizes the available literature on this topic, including two largest, randomized, controlled studies. Potential benefits, as well as the limitations of RTX therapy, are discussed.
TLR4 inhibition suppresses growth in oestrogen-induced prolactinoma models
Authors: Zhang Yu , Ma Li , Dong Shuguang , Ding Qiaoyan , Wang Shuman , Wu Qi , Ni Ping , Zhang Hong , Chen Yonggang , Wu Jinhu , Wang Xiong
Published: October 2022

Prolactinomas have harmful effects on human health. Bromocriptine is the only commercially available drug in China, but about 25% of prolactinoma patients do not respond to it in clinic, its pathogenesis remains unknown. Thus, its pathogenesis needs to be determined to develop new therapeutic methods for prolactinomas. The expression of ERβ, TLR4, and prolactin (PRL) in the pituitary gland of C57BL/6 mice and human prolactinoma specimen was examined by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry. The role of TLR4 in prolactinoma was determined using estradiol-induced models of C57BL/6 wild-type and TLR4−/− mice. MMQ cells were treated with estradiol, fulvestrant, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or transfected with TLR4 siRNA to study the expression of ERβ, TLR4, and PRL in these cells. Furthermore, the interaction between ERβ and TLR4 was investigated by immunoprecipitation analysis. The expression of PRL and TLR4 was co-located and increased in the pituitary gland of mice and human prolactinoma specimen compared to that in the control specimen. Meanwhile, TLR4 knockout or treatment with the TLR4 inhibitor TAK242 not only significantly inhibited tumor overgrowth but also decreased the expression of PRL in estradiol-treated mice through p38 MAPK pathway regulation. However, MMQ treated with estradiol and LPS enhanced PRL expression than treated with estradiol or LPS alone. Finally, ERβ or TLR4 inhibition prevented the estradiol-induced PRL increase by regulating the TLR4/p38 MAPK pathway in vitro. Estradiol promoted prolactinoma development by activating the TLR4/p38 MAPK pathway through ERβ, and TLR4 is a potential therapeutic target for prolactinoma treatment.
Thyroid hormone regulators in human cerebral cortex development
Authors: Bernal Juan , Morte Beatriz , Diez Diego
Published: October 2022

Brain development is critically dependent on the timely supply of thyroid hormones. The thyroid hormone transporters are central to the action of thyroid hormones in the brain, facilitating their passage through the blood–brain barrier. Mutations of the monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) cause the Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome, with altered thyroid hormone concentrations in the blood and profound neurological impairment and intellectual deficit. Mouse disease models have revealed interplay between transport, deiodination, and availability of T3 to receptors in specific cells. However, the mouse models are not satisfactory, given the fundamental differences between the mouse and human brains. The goal of the present work is to review human neocortex development in the context of thyroid pathophysiology. Recent developments in single-cell transcriptomic approaches aimed at the human brain make it possible to profile the expression of thyroid hormone regulators in single-cell RNA-Seq datasets of the developing human neocortex. The data provide novel insights into the specific cellular expression of thyroid hormone transporters, deiodinases, and receptors.
Specific features of the water regime of the genus Chaenomeles introduced plants in the steppe zone conditions
Authors: Lykholat Y. V. , Davydov V. R. , Khromykh N. O. , Didur O. O.
Published: October 2022

Sufficient water supply for plants is one of the most important conditions for their vital activity, since most of the biochemical reactions that regulate the plants physiological functions take place in the water environment. The plants adaptive capacity to the influence of a complex of environmental factors in field conditions is largely determined by the ability to maintain water balance, which can be characterized by various features. Among them, the transpiration intensity and the level of water deficit are the most important indicators that are related to the mechanisms of plant resistance to water or high-temperature stress. The aim of the work was to evaluate the introduction success of plants according to the markers of water availability in a new environment. The objects of the study were plants of the genus Chaenomeles, introduced in the Botanical Garden of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University: three natural species (Ch. japonica, Ch. speciosa, and Ch. cathayensis), as well as two hybrids (Ch. × superba and Ch. × californica). Species Ch. japonica naturally grows in humid areas with moderate temperatures, while species of Chinese origin Ch. speciosa and Ch. cathayensis are adapted to mountainous terrain with sharp temperature fluctuations. Water deficiency in the leaves of introduced plants was determined by saturating leaf cuttings with water; the intensity of transpiration was studied by the method of rapid weighing. Both indicators of the water regime in the leaves of introduced plants were measured under contrasting levels of moisture supply during the growing season in the steppe zone conditions: in the wet period, the dry period, and the period of moisture restoration. It was found that during the drought, the intensity of transpiration increased significantly (P ˂ 0.05) compared to the wet period in the leaves of all introduced Chaenomeles plants, the most (by 1.6–1.7 times) in Ch. japonica, Ch. speciosa and Ch. × superba, the least (by 1.3 times) in the leaves of Ch. × californica. Water deficit in the dry growing season in the leaves of all studied Chaenomeles plants increased significantly (P ˂ 0.05), the most in the leaves of Ch. catayensis (2.8 times compared to the wet period), the least in the leaves of Ch. spesiosa (in 2.0 times compared to the wet period). The level of water deficit in the leaves of both Chinese species was lower than that of Ch. japonica (18.85%). In the leaves of Ch. japonica, Ch. speciosa and Ch. × superba was the fastest recovery of the water balance after drought, as well as the most effective regulation of the transpiration intensity level with the onset of drought and during the recovery period. Introduced plants of the species Ch. japonica, Ch. speciosa and Ch. × superba turned out to be the most adapted to vegetation in the conditions of the steppe climate, which is characterized by periods of drought.
Chemical constituents and antimicrobial ability of essential oil from the fruits of Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Maxim.
Authors: Khromykh N. O. , Lykholat Y. V. , Didur O. O. , Sklyar T. V. , Anischenko A. O. , Lykholat T. Y.
Published: October 2022

Essential oils are the natural products that can pave the way for the creation of effective drugs with various beneficial properties. Plants of Lonicera maackii are well known in the natural growth regions of temperate Asia due to therapeutic effects and a high content of the bioactive compounds. Species diversity of steppe vegetation is enriched by the introduction of plants, but the assessment of this process effectiveness should also take into account the realization of plant genetic potential for the accumulation of secondary metabolites in the new growth conditions. The aim of the work was to establish whether the plants of L. maackii introduced in the steppe zone could reproduce the health promoting properties. The essential oil from the fruits of L. maackii was obtained by hydro distillation method. Chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions isolated from the aqueous distillate of L. maackii fruits were analyzed by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS analysis). Chemical constituents identified in ethyl acetate and chloroform fraction represented 98.6% and 94.2 % of the total compounds content, respectively. Among the most abundant components were hexadecane, acetic acid, butyl ester, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, linoleic acid, and linoleic acid methyl ester in the and the alkanes heptacosane, hexadecane, and tetradecane in chloroform fraction. Linoleic acid and some minor constituents of L. maackii fruit essential oil, such as ethyl-isoallocholate, arachidic acid, linalool and d-mannitol-1-decylsulfonyl are well known because of their reported bioactivities. The antimicrobial activity of essential oil was assessed against several clinical and collection bacterial and fungal strains. The results of disc-diffusion assays showed low to moderate activity of L. maackii fruit essential oil against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, as well as against fungal itraconazole-resistant clinical strain of Candida albicans. Thus, the essential oil derived from Lonicera maackii fruits may serve as potential resource of bioactive compounds having beneficial properties, in particular, the ability to overcome the resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to drugs. Further research is needed to identify the full range of bioactivities of the essential oil obtained from honeysuckle fruits.
Стратегічні напрямки розвитку державної політики імміграції кваліфікованих трудових ресурсів в Україну: сучасний стан і тенденції
Authors: Kostіennikov Dmytro
Published: October 2022

У статті встановлено, що в сучасному світі, навіть в умовах стратегічного планування, державного та міжнародного регулювання міграційних процесів та активної міжнародної співпраці в питаннях міграції, виникають геополітичні, економічні фактори, збройні конфлікти, природні катаклізми, що стають рушійними підставами для виникнення різких непрогнозованих міграційних потоків, які здатні порушити баланс навіть в дуже розвиненій міграційні політиці. Такі фактори є однією з підстав необхідності дослідження здатності державної вітчизняної імміграційної політики прогнозувати та своєчасно реагувати на сучасні виклики. Крім того, з метою уникнення негативних наслідків для економіки, соціальної сфери, негативних настроїв суспільства та несприятливого середовища для самих іммігрантів, необхідно напрацьовувати здатність державної політики до адаптації в умовах різких непрогнозованих ситуацій в питаннях імміграції.

Обґрунтовано, що Україна є активним середовищем міграційних процесів, як держава походження, призначення та транзиту мігрантів, що ще більше підвищує потребу удосконалення механізмів публічного регулювання імміграції кваліфікованої робочої сили як важливого напрямку державної міграційної політики.

Проаналізовано, що за оцінками Міжнародної Організації Мігрантів (МОМ) для багатьох держав світу наразі існує проблема дефіциту вітчизняної кваліфікованої робочої сили, а для України, яка щорічно зазнає масового відтоку трудових ресурсів прогнози та перспективи у цьому питанні дуже критичні. Зазначене свідчить про нагальну необхідність проведення комплексного, системного дослідження механізмів залучення до вітчизняного ринку праці зовнішніх кваліфікованих трудових ресурсів, її заміщення іноземними мігрантами.

Вбачається, що для цього, одним із ефективних напрямків вирішення зазначеної проблеми вбачається перегляд та розробка ефективної імміграційної політики держави імміграції кваліфікованих трудових ресурсів та їх інтеграції. Дуже цінним досвідом для України в цьому питанні являється досвід сусідніх європейських держав, зокрема, Польщі, Угорщини, Чехії, Словаччини, які свого часу проходили ці складні етапи заміщення нестачі робочих ресурсів, і навіть на сьогодні ще продовжують підтримувати політику залучення іноземної робочої сили.