bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Call for Papers: EduPar 2024
Authors: Smith Mary
Published: January 2024

Parallel and Distributed Computing (PDC) is widespread in modern computing devices, such as PCs, laptops, and handheld devices, featuring multiple cores and GPUs. The dependence on web and cloud services and the rising demand for PDC solutions in addressing data-intensive challenges like Big Data highlights the importance of integrating PDC into computing curricula. The rapid advancements in PDC-related technologies present ongoing challenges in curriculum development, emphasizing the need to integrate PDC into existing and new courses seamlessly. This integration is essential to prepare students for careers increasingly focused on Parallel and Distributed Computing.
Mechanisms Involved in Therapeutic Effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Based on Systems Biology and Structural Bioinformatics Approaches
Authors: Bayat Zeynab , Mazaheri Tina , Farhadifard Homa , Taherkhani Amir
Published: January 2024

Objective. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent oral cancer, constituting more than 90% of all oral carcinomas. The 5-year survival rate of OSCC patients is not satisfactory, and therefore, there is an urgent need for new practical therapeutic approaches besides the current therapies to overcome OSCC. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) is a plant of the family Lamiaceae with several pharmaceutical properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Previous studies have demonstrated the curative effects of SBG in OSCC. Methods. A systems biology approach was conducted to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in OSCC patients with a dismal prognosis compared to OSCC patients with a favorable prognosis. A protein interaction map (PIM) was built based on DEMs targets, and the hub genes within the PIM were indicated. Subsequently, the prognostic role of the hubs was studied using Kaplan-Meier curves. Next, the binding affinity of SBG’s main components, including baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin-A, salvigenin, and norwogonin, to the prognostic markers in OSCC was evaluated using molecular docking analysis. Results. Survival analysis showed that overexpression of CAV1, SERPINE1, ACTB, SMAD3, HMGA2, MYC, EIF2S1, HSPA4, HSPA5, and IL6 was significantly related to a poor prognosis in OSCC. Besides, molecular docking analysis demonstrated the ΔGbinding and inhibition constant values between SBG’s main components and SERPINE1, ACTB, HMGA2, EIF2S1, HSPA4, and HSPA5 were as <-8.00 kcal/mol and nanomolar concentration, respectively. The most salient binding affinity was observed between wogonin and SERPINE1 with a criterion of ΔGbinding<−10.02 kcal/mol. Conclusion. The present results unraveled potential mechanisms involved in therapeutic effects of SBG in OSCC based on systems biology and structural bioinformatics analyses.
Constitutional Chromothripsis on Chromosome 2: A Rare Case with Severe Presentation
Authors: Hasnain Afia , Thompson Laura L. , Hoppman Nicole L. , Hovanes Karine , Liu Jing , Hashemi Bita
Published: January 2024

Chromothripsis is characterized by shattering and subsequent reassembly of chromosomes by DNA repair processes, which can give rise to a variety of congenital abnormalities and cancer. Constitutional chromothripsis is a rare occurrence, reported in children presenting with a wide range of birth defects. We present a case of a female child born with multiple major congenital abnormalities including severe microcephaly, ocular dysgenesis, heart defect, and imperforate anus. Chromosomal microarray and mate pair sequencing identified a complex chromosomal rearrangement involving the terminal end of the long arm of chromosome 2, with two duplications (located at 2p25.3-p25.1 and 2q35-q37.2 regions) and two deletions (located at 2q37.2-q37.3 and 2q37.3 regions) along with structural changes including inverted segments. A review of the literature for complex rearrangements on chromosome 2 revealed overlapping features; however, our patient had a significantly more severe phenotype which resulted in early death at the age of 2 years. Breakpoints analysis did not reveal the involvement of any candidate genes. We concluded that the complexity of the genomic rearrangement and the combined dosage/structural effect of these copy number variants are likely explanations for the severe presentation in our patient.
Rare Manifestation of COVID-19 Resulting in Coronary Artery Vasculitis
Authors: Qavi Ahmed Hassaan , Ahmad Soban , Shah Neeraj N. , Shammas Rony
Published: January 2024

We present the case of a 59-year-old African American female with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who presented to the emergency department with chest discomfort. She had a coronary angiogram six months ago that showed no occlusive epicardial coronary artery disease. She had elevated troponin I levels and new regional wall motion abnormalities on echocardiogram. Her SARS-CoV-2 returned positive. After a multidisciplinary team approach, she underwent another coronary angiogram that showed new severe multivessel ostial lesions and a left main coronary artery aneurysm. COVID-19-related coronary artery vasculitis was suspected based on her clinical presentation, angiogram findings, and negative autoimmune workup. The patient underwent successful coronary artery bypass grafting and recovered without complications.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Neoadjuvant Selicrelumab, an Agonist CD40 Antibody, Induces Changes in the Tumor Microenvironment in Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Byrne Katelyn T. , Betts Courtney B. , Mick Rosemarie , Sivagnanam Shamilene , Bajor David L. , Laheru Daniel A. , Chiorean E. Gabriela , O'Hara Mark H. , Liudahl Shannon M. , Newcomb Craig , Alanio Cécile , Ferreira Ana P. , Park Byung S. , Ohtani Takuya , Huffman Austin P. , Väyrynen Sara A. , Dias Costa Andressa , Kaiser Judith C. , Lacroix Andreanne M. , Redlinger Colleen , Stern Martin , Nowak Jonathan A. , Wherry E. John , Cheever Martin A. , Wolpin Brian M. , Furth Emma E. , Jaffee Elizabeth M. , Coussens Lisa M. , Vonderheide Robert H.
Published: January 2024

Figure S3 shows representative mIHC images of tumors correlating to the three main cluster groups discussed in Figure 3D, and the density of immune cell subsets described in Figure 3F.
Supplementary Figure 2 from Neoadjuvant Selicrelumab, an Agonist CD40 Antibody, Induces Changes in the Tumor Microenvironment in Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Byrne Katelyn T. , Betts Courtney B. , Mick Rosemarie , Sivagnanam Shamilene , Bajor David L. , Laheru Daniel A. , Chiorean E. Gabriela , O'Hara Mark H. , Liudahl Shannon M. , Newcomb Craig , Alanio Cécile , Ferreira Ana P. , Park Byung S. , Ohtani Takuya , Huffman Austin P. , Väyrynen Sara A. , Dias Costa Andressa , Kaiser Judith C. , Lacroix Andreanne M. , Redlinger Colleen , Stern Martin , Nowak Jonathan A. , Wherry E. John , Cheever Martin A. , Wolpin Brian M. , Furth Emma E. , Jaffee Elizabeth M. , Coussens Lisa M. , Vonderheide Robert H.
Published: January 2024

Figure S2 shows the antibody panel and protocol, the gating strategy, and the immune cell populations identified using the mIHC platform.
Abstract 12270: Reverse Cardiac Remodeling After Transcatheter Edge to Edge Repair for Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Gerdes Patrick , Ruf Tobias F , Muenzel Thomas , Geyer Martin , Gößler Theresa , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan
Published: January 2024

Background:
Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common disease accompanied with increased mortality and morbidity, as well as restricted quality of life. The transcatheter percutaneous edge-to-edge repair for TR (T-TEER) has evolved as a feasible Intervention to reduce symptoms. Little is known about the changes of right heart function and structure following this intervention.

Methods:
We included all patients treated with T-TEER at our center from June 2016 until December 2019 in the “MAinz Retrospective Registry for Tricuspid INtervention" (MARRTIN). Systems used were either MitraClip (off-label), TriClip, or PASCAL. Patients were followed for 1 year, including clinical status, laboratory measurements, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and mortality.The aim of this study was to observe the impact of T-TEER on the right heart structure and function, and whether possible changes could be associated to patient’s clinical and laboratory values.

Results:
In total there were 185 patients treated with T-TEER in this period of time. One- year follow-up was available in 76 cases for paired analysis. Mean patient’s age was 79.7 ± 6.3 years and 63.2% were women. The median TR-grade was 4 with a reduction to median grade 2 after T-TEER. In long-term course there were significant reductions of tricuspid annular diameters, right ventricular end diastolic diameter (RVEDD), and right atrial areas, respectively. Also, the right heart function significantly improved (RV-FAC 36,5 ± 6,2 % vs. 39 ± 7,5 %). While observing a significant reduction of BNP-, CRP- and y-GT-values, kidney function measured by estimated glomerular filtration rate, did not improve. 1-year survival was 90,7%. Unexpected rehospitalization of any cause was observed in 17 cases (9,2%) and 3 deaths (1,6%) within 30 days after T-TEER. In 10 of 185 (5,4%) cases a clip-detachment was observed.

Conclusion:
The use of T-TEER proved to be safe for severe TR showing stable long-time results. There was an objectifiable improvement of right heart dimensions, as well as function. Also we noted improvements of inflammatory markers and laboratory values of heart failure. Overall, T-TEER may improve the maladaptive remodeling of the right heart in patients at high risk for cardiac surgery suffering from TR.
A review and analysis of the infrageneric classifications published or used for Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) from 200 to the present, with reference to those published up to 2000
Authors: SMITH GIDEON F.
Published: January 2024

The infrageneric classifications used or proposed for, and infrageneric names and combinations published in, Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) from 2001 to the present are analysed. Only the ranks of subgenus, section, and series are involved; no new names or new combinations were published at other infrageneric ranks. The pertinent works of Gehrig et al. (early-2000s [2001]), Descoings (early- and mid-2000s [2003, 2006]), Smith & Figueiredo (late-2010s [2018]), Smith (early-2020s [2020–2023]), Shtein & Smith (early-2020s [2021]), and Smith et al. (early-2020s [2021]) were assessed to clarify the use of infrageneric ranks by these authors, and to determine which of these names have been validly published and are available for use in Kalanchoe. From this analysis of the infrageneric classifications of Kalanchoe during a period of just less than 25 years it is evident that: (1) one new subgenus name was validly published by Descoings in 2006 [K. subg. Calophygia]; (2) one new combination at the rank of subgenus was validly published by Smith & Figueiredo in 2018 [K. subg. Kitchingia]; (3) one new subgenus name was validly published by Smith in 2020 [K. subg. Fernandesiae]; (4) one new combination was validly published at the rank of section by Smith in 2020 [K. sect. Stellatipilosae]; (5) one new section name was validly published by Smith in 2021 [K. sect. Alatae]; (6) one new section name [K. sect. Invasores] and one new series name [K. ser. Vilana] were validly published by Shtein and Smith in 2021; (7) one new section name was validly published by Smith in 2022 [K. sect. Raveta]; (8) and (9) two new section names [K. sect. Rhombopilosae and K. sect. Streptanthae] were validly published by Smith in 2023; (10) one new combination [K. sect. Trichanthae] was validly published at the rank of section by Smith in 2023; (11) one, by then, existing section, K. sect. Alatae, was elevated to the rank of subgenus by Smith in 2023; and (12) one existing subgenus, K. subg. Calophygia, was reinstated and its circumscription substantially amended by Smith in 2023.
Discovery and description of a new species of burrowing frog Sphaerotheca Günther, 1859 (Anura: Dicroglossidae) from the suburban landscapes of Bengaluru, India
Authors: DEEPAK P. , DINESH K.P. , NAG K.S. CHETAN , OHLER ANNEMARIE , SHANKER KARTIK , SOUZA PRINCIA D , PRASAD VISHAL KUMAR , ASHADEVI J.S.
Published: January 2024

Recent resolution of prevailing taxonomic ambiguities in the genus Sphaerotheca and new species discoveries from urban/suburban landscapes highlight the need for attention to non-forested habitats for amphibian conservation. In this paper, we review the status of the members of the genus Sphaerotheca and justify the synonymy of Sphaerotheca magadha as a junior synonym of Sphaerotheca swani. The prospects of resurrection of Sphaerotheca swani (herein preliminarily referred to as Sphaerotheca cf. breviceps [swani]) are discussed. In addition, we describe a new species Sphaerotheca varshaabhu sp. nov. from the suburban region of Bengaluru, India. We employ an integrative taxonomic approach to characterize the new species using molecular phylogeny, genetic distance, morphological characters, and geographical isolation as lines of evidence. We also provide a description of vocal repertoire of Sphaerotheca varshaabhu sp. nov. and provide comparative bioacoustics data for four species. This previously undescribed species from the suburban areas of Bengaluru described herein as Sphaerotheca varshaabhu sp. nov. forms a genetically divergent lineage and its genetic distance varied from 3.6% to 12.2% for 16S rRNA with respect to other species of Sphaerotheca. Our phylogenetic analysis for the genus including the new species confirms the synonymy of one recently described species, resulting in 10 valid species in the genus Sphaerotheca. These results emphasize the need for utilizing an integrative taxonomic approach for uncovering hidden diversity of suburban areas. Given these recent discoveries, we advocate for more robust surveys in human dominated areas, so that these amphibians may receive more attention.
Temporal trend in hospitalizations for malignant neoplasm and benign neoplasm: a nationwide study, China, 2004–2020
Authors: Zhang Xinqiang , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Guifang , Ma Changsheng , Liu Bo , Yin Yong
Published: January 2024

The increasing cancer burden calls for reliably assessed changes in the hospitalizations for tumors over time and space in China. This study evaluated trends in hospitalization rate, in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and medical costs for malignant and benign neoplasms. Data were derived from China Health Statistical Yearbooks from 2004 to 2020. Temporal trends in hospitalization rates and in-hospital mortality rates were assessed through the Cochran-Armitage Test. We used the linear model with continuous variables to test for the trend. The malignant neoplasm hospitalization rate increased from 1.1‰ to 5.8‰ and the benign neoplasm increased from 1.0‰ to 2.0‰. The in-hospital mortality rate due to malignant neoplasm and benign neoplasm decreased from 5.11 to 2.87% (P for trend < 0.001) and 0.14–0.01% (P for trend < 0.001), respectively. Among all patients hospitalized with malignant neoplasm, the average cost per hospitalization significantly increased during the study period (P for trend < 0.001), adjusted for the Consumer Price Index. However, the average LOS gradually decreased (P for trend < 0.001). In line with the trend of malignant neoplasm, the average cost per hospitalization increased significantly among all patients hospitalized for benign neoplasm (P for trend < 0.001), and the average LOS showed a steady downward trend (P for trend < 0.001). We found upward trends in hospitalization rates, and medical costs in neoplasms. By contrast, substantial decreases in in-hospital mortality and LOS. The hospitalization rate gap between urban and rural areas is narrowed.
Meta-synthesis of qualitative studies to explore fathers’ perspectives of their influence on children’s obesity-related health behaviors
Authors: Park Eunyoung , Jang Myoungock , Jung Mi Sook , Dlamini Nondumiso Satiso
Published: January 2024

Background

In nursing research and practice, there is a paucity of information about how fathers perceive their role in shaping their children’s health behaviors. Most studies on the parental factors affecting children’s health behaviors have focused on the role of mothers. However, recent studies showed that fathers’ health behaviors can influence those of their children. Therefore, the aim of this study was to synthesize existing qualitative studies to explore fathers’ perspectives regarding how they influence children’s obesity-related health behaviors.

Methods

We conducted a descriptive meta-synthesis. To retrieve relevant articles, we used databases including PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Only qualitative studies published in English-language peer-reviewed journals, targeting fathers of children aged 2–18 years, and focusing on fathers’ perspectives were included. All the quotes collected from the studies were reviewed and coded, and thematic analysis was used to derive themes.

Results

Article screening and review yielded a total of 13 qualitative studies, from which the following themes emerged: (1) fathers’ parenting practices and role-modeling behaviors, (2) fathers’ roles in their relationships with their family members, and (3) fathers’ resource-seeking behaviors and contributions to their home food environment. Fathers were aware that their parenting practices and role-modeling behaviors could influence their children’s health behaviors. Furthermore, fathers recognized the importance of their relationships with family members, which was reflected in their family roles; that is, whether they took responsibility for childcare and household work, whether their parenting practices were similar to those of their spouses, and whether they involved their children in their activities. Fathers also reported their resource-seeking behaviors as well as their contribution to the home food environment, which affected their children’s health behaviors.

Conclusion

Fathers’ perspectives on their influence on children’s health behaviors reveal their unique paternal role in influencing children’s health behaviors. Fathers’ perspectives could be incorporated into future nursing research to examine the relationship between fathers’ roles and children’s health behaviors to develop better health intervention programs.
Salvage treatment of acute respiratory failure after autogenous tissue flap transplantation for chronic empyema with chest wall sinus: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Lei , Chen Fei , He Zhongliang , He Xueming , Zhang Chun
Published: January 2024

Background

Chronic empyema with chest wall sinus is a difficult and complex disease caused by multiple causative factors. It is difficult to control local infection due to its possible combination of bronchopleural fistula (BPF) and residual bone.The relevant literature emphasizes some risk factors for empyema progression after pneumonectomy, while the correlation between empyema and BPF after pneumonectomy increases mortality by infecting the remaining lungs. After pneumonectomy, the lung function of the contralateral side is particularly important.

Case presentation

This paper reports a 62-year-old male patient who underwent right pneumonectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung 12 years ago and began to develop empyema with anterior chest wall sinus 3 years ago. After admission, chest computed tomography (CT) showed right pleural effusion and formation of chest wall sinus. According to his clinical symptoms and imaging examination, he was diagnosed as chronic empyema with chest wall sinus.Due to the huge residual cavity of the patient,the clinical effect of using free vastus lateralis myocutaneous flap combined with pedicled pectoralis major muscle flap to fill the abscess cavity was satisfactory,but acute respiratory failure occurred due to left lung aspiration pneumonia after operation.

Conclusions

After a series of treatment measures such as tracheal cannula, tracheotomy, anti-infection, maintenance of circulatory stability, and rehabilitation training, the patient was ultimately rescued and cured. Postoperative follow-up showed that the muscle flaps survived and empyema was eliminated.
Controllability of stochastic fractional systems involving state-dependent delay and impulsive effects
Authors: Arthi G. , Vaanmathi M. , Ma Yong-Ki
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the controllability concept of a nonlinear fractional stochastic system involving state-dependent delay and impulsive effects is addressed by employing Caputo derivatives and Mittag-Leffler (ML) functions. Based on stochastic analysis theory, novel sufficient conditions are derived for the considered nonlinear system by utilizing Krasnoselkii’s fixed point theorem. Correspondingly, the applicability of the derived theoretical results is indicated by an example.
Evaluating the association between gingival crevicular blood glucose levels and finger capillary blood glucose levels according to periodontal status
Authors: Ansari Moghadam Somaye , Abbaszade Hanie , Sartipi Mohadeseh , Ansari Moghadam Alireza
Published: January 2024

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between gingival crevicular blood glucose levels (GCBG) and finger capillary blood glucose levels (FCBG) according to the periodontal status of patients.

Materials and methods

In this case–control study, 80 patients were divided into 4 groups according to their periodontal status. In these patients, an area of the maxillary gingiva with the highest probing depth was selected for blood sampling. Blood glucose obtained from this area and the right fingertip was measured with a glucometer. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient with a significance threshold of 0.05.

Results

The groups studied were matched in regard to their sex and age (P > 0.05). The average FCBG and GCBG were not significantly different according to periodontal status (P > 0.05). The correlation between the FCBG and the GCBG showed a significant positive correlation in the total number of participants (P < 0.05, r = 0.531).

Conclusion

The study observed a positive association between GCBG and FCBG. However, the relationship with periodontal status appeared to be relatively weak. Further research may be needed to determine the potential efficacy of GCBG in diabetes screening during periodontal examinations. Clinical relevance: Most patients with diabetes do not have proper periodontal health, so it may be helpful to screen for diabetes during periodontal examinations.
Single-cell combined bioinformatics analysis: construction of immune cluster and risk prognostic model in kidney renal clear cells based on CD8+ T cell-associated genes
Authors: Gao Haifeng , Sun Hang , He Aifeng , Liu Hui , Zhang Zihang , Li Dongling , Mao Weipu , Qian Jinke
Published: January 2024

Background

Kidney cancer is an immunogenic solid tumor, characterized by high tumor burden and infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Although immunotherapy targeting the PD1/CTLA-4 axis has demonstrated excellent clinical efficacy, clinical outcomes in most patients are poor.

Methods

We used the RNA sequencing data from the GEO database for KIRC GSE121636 and normal kidney tissue GSE131685, and performed single-cell analysis for cluster identification, pathway enrichment, and CD8+ T cell-associated gene identification. Subsequently, the significance of different CD8+ T-cell associated gene subtypes was elucidated by consensus clustering, pathway analysis, mutated gene analysis, and KIRC immune microenvironment analysis in the TCGA–KIRC disease cohort. Single gene analysis identified LAG3 as the most critical CD8+ T-cell-associated gene and its function was verified by cell phenotype and immunohistochemistry in KIRC.

Results

In the present study, CD8+ T-cell associated genes in KIRC were screened, including GZMK, CD27, CCL4L2, FXYD2, LAG3, RGS1, CST7, DUSP4, CD8A, and TRBV20-1 and an immunological risk prognostic model was constructed (risk score =  − 0.291858656434841*GZMK − 0.192758342489394*FXYD2 + 0.625023643446193*LAG3 + 0.161324477181591*RGS1 − 0.380169045328895*DUSP4 − 0.107221347575037*TRBV20-1). LAG3 was identified and proved as the most critical CD8+ T cell-associated gene in KIRC.

Conclusion

We proposed and constructed an immunological risk prognostic model for CD8+ T cell-associated genes and identified LAG3 as a pivotal gene for KIRC progression and CD8+ T-cell infiltration. The model comprehensively explained the immune microenvironment and provided novel immune-related therapeutic targets and biomarkers in KIRC.
Investigation of community pharmacists’ knowledge and attitudes of pharmacogenomics testing: implication for improved pharmacogenomic testing practice
Authors: Ramadan Azza , Jarab Anan S. , Al Meslamani Ahmad Z.
Published: January 2024

Background

Community pharmacists must be well-equipped to advance pharmacogenomics services. Nevertheless, limited data is available regarding pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes toward pharmacogenomics testing. The present study aimed to evaluate community pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes toward pharmacogenomics testing in the UAE.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, a validated, online, self-administered survey, was randomly distributed to community pharmacists across the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Results

The participants demonstrated poor knowledge about pharmacogenomic testing (median score < 8). Having 10–29 (Adjusted odds ration [AOR]: 0.038; 95% CI: 0.01–0.146, p = 0.001) and 30–49 (AOR: 0.097; 95% CI: 0.04–0.237, p = 0.001) patients per day was associated with poorer knowledge. Also, receiving 10–29 (AOR: 0.046; 95% CI: 0.005–0.401, p = 0.005), 30–49 (AOR: 0.025; 95% CI: 0.003–0.211, p = 0.001), and > 50 (AOR: 0.049; 95% CI: 0.005–0.458, p = 0.008) prescriptions decreased the odds of having good knowledge. Around half (43.9%) of the participants did not show a positive attitude toward pharmacogenomic testing (median score < 11). Having 30–49 patients per day (AOR: 5.351; 95% CI: 2.414–11.860, p = 0.001) increased the odds of good knowledge while receiving 10–29 (AOR: 0.133; 95% CI: 0.056–0.315, p = 0.001) and 30–49 (AOR: 0.111; 95% CI: 0.049–0.252, p = 0.001) prescriptions a day were associated with decreased odds of positive attitude toward the pharmacogenomics testing.

Conclusions

The findings indicate a lack of knowledge and less-than-ideal attitudes among community pharmacists regarding pharmacogenomics testing. Enhanced efforts focused on educational initiatives and training activities related to pharmacogenomics testing is needed. Additionally, reducing workload can facilitate better knowledge acquisition and help mitigate unfavorable attitudes.
The social and environmental factors impacting the motivation of adolescents for weight control, why and how? A qualitative study
Authors: Shams Lida , Shafiei Fatemeh , Sadremomtaz Zahra
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Overweight and obesity are common problems among teenagers regardless of ethnicity, race, and socio-economic status. Therefore, this study aims to explore the social and environmental factors impacting adolescents motivation for weight control in Gilan province, Iran.

Methodology

Following a qualitative design, a content analysis approach was used to analyze the data. A total of 79 interviews were conducted with Adolescents (n = 23), Friends and Peers (n = 15), Parents (n = 12), Managers (n = 16), and Health care providers (n = 13), regarding adolescents obesity during 2019. MAXQDA V.10 software was used for our analysis.

Findings

The main categories of environmental and social factors affecting adolescents motivation for weight control were external factors (the relative success of weight control intervention programs, the lack of environmental and social support, and the lack of family support for teenagers) that each one had some subcategories, and internal factors (competence, relatedness, and autonomy).

Conclusion

This study demonstrated the necessity of identifying environmental and social factors that are effective in reducing adolescents’ motivation for weight loss. These factors are so influential that teenagers can’t overcome them without receiving support from their environment and the government health-related policies. So, it seems that we need integrated multisectoral approaches and we suggest that health policymakers develop practical policies to control adolescents obesity by focusing on factors that have been mentioned in this study.
A way out of the predicament of social sciences in the 20th century: a dialogue with Clifford Geertz’s essay “Thick description: toward an interpretive theory of culture”(Part II)
Authors: Cai Hua
Published: January 2024

Clifford Geertz’s essay, “Thick Description: Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture” comprehensively explored the basic problems encountered in the theoretical efforts of 20th century social sciences. As a response to his reflection, this paper tries to reveal the methodological roots of the predicament of interpretive anthropology and all social sciences, through an epistemological analysis of social science. In addition, with the Theory of Belief as an analytical tool, it also tries to offer a solution to one of the classic predicaments in social sciences: “what is ethnography”.
Creativity in a Minor Key
Authors: Zhang Peter
Published: January 2024

Thematically speaking, this theoretical article draws on Vilém Flusser’s work on dialogue, the apparatus, and functionalism and Gilles Deleuze’s work on control societies, cybernetic machines, and lines of flight to problematize creativity. While promoting creativity, autocreativity, metacreativity, and ludic creativity, it also cautions against the co-optation of creativity and metacreativity by apparatuses or cybernetic systems. It argues for the rejuvenation of self and world alike and calls for a minor sensibility (in a Deleuzean sense), a collective ethical awakening, and a shift toward an ecocivilization. There is an irreducible East Asian and an important interological dimension to the article. At a formal level, the article is meant as a textual body without organs (BwO) or a Taiji- (Tai chi-) style text, which privileges the flow of textual energy over structural clarity and classicality. As such, the reader is invited to go with the flow.
Writing Life Sentences
Authors: Frantz Elaine
Published: January 2024

In the 2010s social justice workers and incarcerated men of color worked on a book project that would be published as Life Sentences in 2019. As one of the editors of Life Sentences, the author of this article looks back at the process, considering its authors, creativity behind bars, and working with imprisoned writers. What can we learn from free minds in extremely taxing, degrading, and depressing circumstances? What does creative work mean for embodied lives serving (more than) life sentences? The book works toward a way to restore and rebuild justice, and it shows us the power of imagination as not just a creative but also a spiritual force.
Mobilizing Still Life and Still Lives through Lyric
Authors: You Mia
Published: January 2024

“Rouse the Ruse and the Rush” is a long poetic sequence the author composed between 2020 and 2021, amidst various waves of COVID-19 outbreaks and the acceleration of “pro-life” efforts in the United States to restrict access to abortions at local levels and, ultimately, to overturn Roe v. Wade at a national level. The primary motif of this poem is the work of eighteenth-century Dutch still-life painter Rachel Ruysch. Through creatively rendering (or reworking) her images, alongside other sources, into lyric verse, the poet attempts to produce textual and sonic arrangements akin to Ruysch’s floral bouquets and referencing the (fetal) anatomical dioramas created by her father, Frederik Ruysch. The poet aims to mobilize the creative mode of linguistic inquiry, poetry, to build a new vocabulary for attending to and grieving both living and nonliving things without reinforcing modern valorizations of individual property and personhood, which have mired and limited recent debates on “bodily autonomy” and have allowed the phrase my body, my choice to be wielded by both the Left and the Right for very different purposes. The entirety of the sequence is published here, preceded by an exegetical essay.
Innovation in Decentralized Markets: Technology versus Synthetic Products
Authors: Rostek Marzena , Yoon Ji Hee
Published: January 2024

Advances in market-clearing technology for multiple assets and synthetic products present alternative ways to leverage complementarities and substitutabilites in asset payoffs. This paper compares their equilibrium and welfare effects. In competitive markets, either instrument can mimic the efficient design. When traders have price impact, however, synthetic products and market-clearing technology provide separate instruments for impacting markets’ performance and can generate synergies or trade-offs. Neither instrument can generally reproduce the other’s payoffs state by state. Moreover, innovation in market clearing renders additional synthetic products nonredundant. Our analysis points to the advantages of each type of innovation while also exposing potential risks. (JEL D44, D47, G11, G12, G13, O31)
Deep learning techniques for system optimization in cloud architectures
Authors: Μασούρος Δημοσθένης
Published: January 2024

Στις ημέρες μας, η εκτέλεση εφαρμογών μέσω χρήσης του 'Υπολογιστικού Νέφους' αποτελεί μία από τις πιο ελκυστικές και ευρέως υιθετούμενες λύσεις, λόγω της μεγάλης ευελιξίας και αποτελεσματικότητας που προσφέρει. Το 'Υπολογιστικό Νέφος' ουσιαστικά εξυπηρετεί στην κατ' απαίτηση παροχή υπολογιστικών πόρων σε τελικούς χρήστες και τις περισσότερες φορές αναφέρεται σε υπολογιστική ισχύ και χώρο αποθήκευσης δεδομένων. Αυτοί οι πόροι συνήθως είναι κομμάτι κάποιων μεμονωμένων διακομιστών, οι οποίοι βρίσκονται σε περιβάλλοντα κέντρων δεδομένων ή/και σε φάρμες διακομιστών ανά τον κόσμο. Η σωστή και αποδοτική διαχείριση αυτών των πόρων γίνεται κρίσιμη, τόσο από την πλευρά των παρόχων όσο και των τελικών χρηστών, καθώς μπορεί να βελτιώσει δραστικά την απόδοση και να μειώσει τα έξοδα κόστους τόσο για τους τελικούς χρήστες όσο και για τους παρόχους υπολογιστικών υπηρεσιών. Ωστόσο, η ενορχήστρωση των πόρων υπολογισμού στο Νέφος δεν είναι απλή υπόθεση, λόγω 1) της τεράστιας ποσότητας διαθέσιμων παραμέτρων προς βελτιστοποίηση, 2) των διαφορετικών επιπέδων στα οποία μπορούν να εφαρμοστούν αυτές οι βελτιστοποιήσεις (επίπεδο διακομιστή - επίπεδο συστάδας - επίπεδο εφαρμογής) και ιιι) της ισχυρής αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ λογισμικού και υλικού σε συνδυασμό με την έντονη ανομοιογένεια του υλικού που βρίσκεται στα σύγχρονα περιβάλλοντα κέντρων δεδομένων. Επιπλέον, νέα υπολογιστικά πρότυπα αναδύονται, τα οποία φέρνουν στο προσκήνιο επιπλέον σημεία βελτιστοποίησης, επομένως, περιπλέκουν περαιτέρω το πρόβλημα της αποτελεσματικής οργάνωσης των πόρων. Σε αυτήν τη διατριβή, εξετάζουμε την εφαρμογή τεχνικών βαθιάς μάθησης για τη βελτιστοποίηση συστημάτων σε αρχιτεκτονικές 'Υπολογιστικού Νέφους'. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τον μεγάλο αριθμό και το πολυεπίπεδο χαρακτήρα των διαθέσιμων σημείων βελτιστοποίησης, τα οποία τείνουν να είναι δύσκολα διαχειρίσιμα με συμβατικούς, ανθρώπινα καθοδηγούμενους μηχανισμούς οργάνωσης, οι προσεγγίσεις βαθιάς μάθησης φαίνεται να είναι αναπόφευκτες για την αξιοποίηση και εκμετάλλευση του πλήρους δυναμικού των σύγχρονων συστημάτων Νέφους. Προς αυτήν την κατεύθυνση, σαν πρώτο αντικείμενο της διατριβής, ερευνούμε τη χρήση νευρωνικών δικτύων στον τομέα των συστημάτων παρακολούθησης στο Υπολογιστικό Νέφος, η οποία αποτελεί σημαντική συνιστώσα των σύγχρονων υποδομών Υπολογιστικού Νέφους. Στη συνέχεια, εξετάζουμε την αποτελεσματικότητα της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης για βελτιστοποίηση διαχείρισης πόρων σε διαφορετικά επίπεδα της ιεραρχίας, δηλαδή αυτόματες βελτιστοποιήσεις σε επίπεδο εφαρμογής, καθώς και την ανάπτυξη και οργάνωση σε επίπεδο συστάδας υπολογιστών. Για να επιτευχθούν το παραπάνω, προτείνουμε τρία εργαλεία, το Rusty, το Adrias και το Sparkle, καθένα από τα οποία χρησιμοποιεί βελτιστοποιήσεις καθοδηγούμενες από βαθιά νευρωνικά δίκτυα και στοχεύουν σε διαφορετικά επίπεδα της ιεραρχίας.
Χώρος, τόπος, τοπίο
Authors: Δαλίπη Ελένη
Published: January 2024

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή προσπαθεί να εξετάσει εάν ο τρόπος που σκεφτόμαστε τις έννοιες του χώρου, του τόπου και του τοπίου σχετίζεται με τον τρόπο σκέψης της πολιτικής (πόλη, αντιπροσώπευση), εάν επιδρά στη θεωρητική σύλληψη των πολεοδομικών πρακτικών και των πρακτικών της αρχιτεκτονικής τοπίου, καθώς και εάν σχετίζεται με έναν ορισμένο τρόπο σκέψης της (αν)ισότητας είτε στην πολιτική θεωρία, είτε στον σχεδιασμό του χώρου (ομοιομορφία, χωρικός διαχωρισμός, κ.λπ.). Για την μεθοδολογία της, βασίζεται σε φιλοσοφικές θέσεις θεωρητικών της μεταμοντέρνας φιλοσοφίας (Lacan, Foucault, Laclau και Mouffe), τις οποίες χρησιμοποιεί ως ένα «πρίσμα» για να εξετάσει τις συσχετίσεις των εννοιών του χώρου, της πολιτικής και της πόλης και των παραστάσεων της μέσα από κείμενα που αποτέλεσαν «σταθμό» στην ιστορία της «δυτικής» φιλοσοφικής σκέψης. Σημείο αναφοράς η «πόλη», ως θεωρητική, συμβολική-κοινωνική και υλική δομή που αποκτά νόημα δια του «λόγου» σε μια ορισμένη στιγμή στην κλασική, μεσαιωνική, νεότερη και σύγχρονη σκέψη. Υποστηρίζεται ότι ο τρόπος σκέψης του χώρου, της πολιτικής, της πόλης και του σχεδιασμού της είναι αλληλένδετος. Οι μεταξύ τους σχέσεις ή συσχετίσεις ακολουθούν μια μάλλον τυχαία προβολή και διακλαδώνονται σε επιμέρους σχέσεις και συσχετίσεις, καθώς εμπλέκονται με άλλες έννοιες (όπως της δημοκρατίας, της ισότητας και της ιδιοκτησίας) που αποκτούν με την σειρά τους ένα νέο νόημα σε μια ορισμένη στιγμή.
Γεωπολιτική της Ευρασίας, δίκαιο της θάλασσας και θαλάσσιες μεταφορές
Authors: Χονδρογιάννη Διονυσία
Published: January 2024

Η μεγιστοποίηση της ισχύος αποτελεί προτεραιότητα ζωτικής σημασίας για τα κράτη του διεθνούς συστήματος. Κοινός παρονομαστής όλων των χωρών αποτελεί η επιθυμία για μεταβολή της υπάρχουσας κατάστασης προς όφελός τους, αποσκοπώντας, αρχικώς, στην ανάληψη της περιφερειακής ηγεμονίας και, εν συνεχεία, στην ανάδειξή τους στη μία και μοναδική ηγεμονική δύναμη παγκοσμίως. Με την ανακάλυψη του νέου κόσμου οι χώρες της Ευρώπης επιδίδονται σε έναν διαρκή αγώνα κατάκτησης όλο και περισσότερων εκ των καινούριων εδαφών, τα οποία θα τους εξασφαλίσουν τις απαραίτητες πρώτες ύλες και τα αναγκαία κοιτάσματα. Ωστόσο, στα μέσα του 20ου αιώνα παρατηρείται μία έντονη αλλαγή στο διεθνές σύστημα, με την υποχώρηση των παραδοσιακών μεγάλων δυνάμεων και την ανάδειξη νέων, κυρίως εξωευρωπαϊκών, διεκδικητών. Μία εξ αυτών των χωρών είναι η Κίνα, η οποία, τα τελευταία κυρίως χρόνια, έχει αναλάβει έναν πιο ενεργό ρόλο στη διεθνή κοινότητα, μέσω της αυξημένης προβολής της στο διεθνές σύστημα, των σφαιρών επιρροής και των συναπτόμενων συμμαχιών της. Ούσα η πολυπληθέστερη χώρα παγκοσμίως, με μία οικονομία που αναπτύσσεται ραγδαίως και έχοντας δημιουργήσει σχέσεις με κράτη ζωτικής σημασίας, η Κίνα έχει κάθε λόγο να διεκδικεί την ανάληψη της περιφερειακής ηγεμονίας στην ανατολική Ασία, οραματιζόμενη ότι μπορεί να φτάσει στο σημείο που θα αποτελέσει το αντίπαλο δέος των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών και, ενδεχομένως, θα τους στερήσει τα ήδη υπάρχοντα προνόμιά τους.
Ankylosing spondylitis in a young woman
Authors: Rapcun M.
Published: January 2024

A clinical case of ankylosing spondylitis diagnosis in a young female patient is presented. The importance of correct differential diagnosis of back pain is shown.
IDIOPATHIC APLASTIC ANEMIA
Authors: Ogneva A.
Published: January 2024

A clinical case of idiopathic aplastic anemia in a patient with the disease debut at the age of 12 years is presented. The significance of standard methods of examination of patients with mild symptoms, the importance of alertness of primary care physicians of all specialties is clearly shown. The limited use of existing methods of treatment for patients with this disease is emphasized.
GOUT ARTHRITIS IN A MULTIMORbid PATIENT
Authors: Alpenidze K.
Published: January 2024

Gout is a systemic disease associated with the deposition of sodium monaurate crystals in various tissues, which leads to the development of inflammation. Given that the main clinical manifestation of gout is acute arthritis, it is necessary to carry out differential diagnosis with other diseases with similar clinical symptoms. A reliable diagnosis can be made when sodium monaurate crystals are detected in synovial fluid, but this is not always available in practice. Therefore, it is necessary to use a comprehensive assessment: clinical, laboratory, instrumental. Due to the frequent concomitant metabolic disorders that occur in gout, a multidisciplinary approach to the management of such patients is important.
Genetically engineered biological drugs in therapeutic practice
Authors: Dolgopolov M.
Published: January 2024

Therapy with genetically engineered biological drugs is a new approach to the treatment of autoimmune and allergic diseases in pulmonology, hematology, gastroenterology, neurology, and oncology. Today, thanks to them, it is possible to radically improve the quality of life of patients with diseases that were previously considered incurable and poorly controlled. In some cases, the use of therapy can achieve long-term and stable remission. The article provides an overview of genetically engineered biological drugs used in various therapeutic areas and the mechanisms of their action.
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) for addiction control – review
Authors: Szymonik Julia , Woźniak Justyna , Szopa Sebastian , Womperski Karol , Elias Jagoda
Published: January 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Addiction is a complex phenomenon whose development may be related to many factors. Its treatment often includes behavioral therapy, social support, and in the case of substance addictions, may also include drug therapy. A key element of therapy is understanding the causes and mechanisms of addiction and developing the ability to cope with temptations and difficulties. In this particular context the utilization of mindfulness practices demonstrates promising potential in aiding the management of addiction.

Purpose: Provide an overview of the current understanding regarding the efficacy of mindfulness training in addiction therapies.

Description of the state of knowledge: The importance of employing mindfulness techniques in addressing addiction is steadily rising. Consistent practice of mindfulness offers advantages in addressing addictive behaviors by aiding individuals in comprehending and regulating impulses as well as managing intense cravings. Mindfulness facilitates an enhancement in self-awareness and recognition of personal reactions, proving especially beneficial in the process of recovery from addiction.

Summary: Research shows that mindfulness training may be a promising intervention in addiction control because it increases self-control and promotes emotion regulation. However, further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of mindfulness for addiction control.

Keywords: mindfulness; addiction; addictive behavior; dependence; substance use disorder.
Screened potential risk factors for autism and autistic behaviour in children. Literature review
Authors: Nowak Gabriela , Sztybór Mateusz , Momot Karol , Kapica Marcin , Żmijewska Aleksandra , Krzyżanowska Maria , Maleszewska Monika , Piątkiewicz Julia , Wojtas Mikołaj , Głogowska Karen
Published: January 2024

Introduction and purpose: This publication is a review of research on potential risk factors for the development of autism and autistic behaviour in children. The purpose of this review is to spread knowledge and awareness of autism syndrome disorder.

Brief description of the state of knowledge: Autism syndrome disorder is a neurological and developmental brain disorder. It is characterized by problems with social relationships and communication as well as narrow and repetitive behaviours and interests. The causes of autism spectrum disorder are still not fully understood and pose a challenge to modern medicine. Numerous studies find causes in fetal life and the course of pregnancy, genetic conditions and mutations, environmental risk factors or vaccination. Many theories about the causes of autism require more extensive and thorough research, for which some beliefs have been overturned, such as the search for links between autism spectrum disorder and childhood vaccination. At this point, the role of genetic mutations in the occurrence of autism in children can be confirmed with certainty. Causes are particularly looked for in fetal life and prenatal factors. One theory relates to the activation of the mother's immune system, her production of cytokine and pro-inflammatory factors that affect the development of the fetal nervous system.

Results and conclusions: In our review, we aim to present the risk factors that can most significantly influence the development of ASD. These factors include genetics, prenatal diet, smoking during pregnancy, maternal intake of antidepressants, infections during pregnancy, other pregnancy and maternal factors, parental age, various paternal risk factors, lack of breastfeeding, and environmental factors. Some factors need more research for a comprehensive understanding, while others, like breastfeeding and non-smoking during pregnancy, are well-studied and require promotion to reduce the risk of the disorder.
Sprawiedliwość i równość w interpretacji liderów polskiej myśli oświeceniowej
Authors: Tyburski Włodzimierz
Published: January 2024

Artykuł przywołuje poglądy liderów polskiej myśli oświeceniowej na temat sprawiedliwości i równości. W dobie oświecenia dokonał się niewątpliwy awans tej problematyki, co wyrażało się nie tylko w wydatnym wzroście ilościowym wypowiedzi na temat sprawiedliwości, a zwłaszcza równości, ale także w ujawnianiu bogactwa konstytuujących je zagadnień oraz w merytorycznej dojrzałości ich interpretacji i analiz. Przegląd poglądów na ww. zagadnienia zaczynamy od wypowiedzi Stanisława Leszczyńskiego, w których pojawiły się idee prooświeceniowe, następnie przedstawiamy poglądy przedstawicieli philosophiae recentiorum: Stanisława H. Konarskiego, Antoniego Wiśniewskiego, Józefa K. Skrzetuskiego, z kolei dojrzałą fazę myśli oświeceniowej reprezentują tu jej liderzy: Stanisław Popławski, Franciszek S. Jezierski, Hugo Kołłątaj, Hieronim Stroynowski (Strojnowski), Stanisław W. Staszic.

Przedstawiony zestaw poglądów wymienionych wyżej myślicieli na temat sprawiedliwości i równości wymownie zaświadcza o tym, że problematyka ta budziła żywe zainteresowanie ówczesnych elit intelektualnych, które wypowiadały się na ich temat z dużą kompetencją, zaangażowaniem i znawstwem, co w konsekwencji sprawiło, że ich znaczenie znacznie wybiegało poza epokę,która je zrodziła.
Cień na oświeceniowym rozumie, czyli Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant i Hugo Kołłątaj o kobietach, ich roli społecznej i edukacji
Authors: Usakiewicz Joanna
Published: January 2024

Wiek osiemnasty – wiek rozumności, wyzwalania umysłu z błędów, doskonalenia i rozwoju ludzkości – często uważa się także za szczególnie istotny czas postępowej dyskusji o kobiecie, jej roli społecznej, czas torujący drogę do jej instytucjonalnej edukacji i w konsekwencji emancypacji. Analizując treści prac znaczących myślicieli Oświecenia, należy jednak dojść do wniosku, że Kantowskie słowa wskazujące jako ideę przewodnią Oświecenia: „Odważ się posługiwać własnym rozumem!”, nie odnoszą się do kobiety. Podmiotem myślenia filozoficznego pozostaje mężczyzna, choć używany w dziełach filozoficznych tego okresu z upodobaniem i konsekwencją termin „człowiek” może pozornie wskazywać na ogólne zainteresowanie obiema płciami i równe traktowanie mężczyzn i kobiet. Kobiety nadal postrzega się jako istoty niższe pod względem umysłowym. Umieszcza się je w pułapce małżeństwa rozumianego jako związek tworzący „jedną osobę moralną”, czy też „jedną osobę duchową”. Zmiany w edukacji kobiet, choć w dobie Oświecenia się dokonały, nadal polegają na kontroli wiedzy im przekazywanej, a nadto wiedzy ukierunkowanej na uformowanie określonych cech związanych z rolą żony i matki. Wskazane zagadnienia w artykule są rozważane na przykładzie trzech myślicieli Oświecenia: J.-J. Rousseau, I. Kanta oraz H. Kołłątaja.