bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms II – German Version
Authors: Wester Robin Anno , Rubel Julian , Zimmermann Johannes , Hall Mila , Kaven Leonie , Watson David
Published: November 2021

The Expanded Version of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS-II) is a 99-item self-report measure containing 18 non-overlapping dimensional scales assessing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and mania. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a German adaptation of the IDAS-II. Participants from a community sample (N = 1054) completed the IDAS-II (German version) and a series of additional measures of depression and anxiety disorders. Item-level confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) confirmed unidimensionality and indicated good internal consistency of most symptom scales. A CFA of the IDAS-II scales, based on exploratory results by Watson et al (2012), confirmed a three-factor model of “Distress”, “Obsessions/Fear”, and “Positive Mood”. Correlational analyses with additional symptom measures supported convergent and discriminant validity. The IDAS-II (German Version) allows for a reliable assessment of the severity of depression, anxiety, and bipolar symptoms, and is one of the first clinical measures for German-speaking samples that is consistent with the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP).
Explaining variation in adolescents' social media-related distraction: The role of social connectivity and disconnectivity factors
Authors: Siebers Teun , Beyens Ine , Pouwels J. Loes , Valkenburg Patti M.
Published: November 2021

Social media are often believed to challenge adolescents’ ability to focus and sustain attention. While existing research has shown that some adolescents experience more social media-related distraction than others, the explanations for these differences remain largely unknown. The current study investigated two social connectivity factors (fear of missing out [FoMO] and friendship accessibility expectations) and two disconnectivity factors (self-control strategies and parental control strategies) that may explain differences in social media-related distraction. Using a three-week experience sampling study (N = 300; 21,970 within-person assessments), we found that the vast majority of adolescents (77%) experienced social media-related distraction. Contrary to expectations, none of the connectivity and disconnectivity factors explained differences in social media-related distraction. However, adolescents with high FoMO and friendship accessibility expectations spent more time using social media and were more distracted. Conversely, adolescents who more often used self-control strategies were less distracted. Altogether, the findings indicate that social media are a powerful distractor most adolescents seem to struggle with.
Not so terrifying after all? A set of failed replications of the mortality salience effects of Terror Management Theory
Authors: Benau Erik , Treger Stan , Timko C. Alix
Published: November 2021

Terror Management Theory (TMT) postulates that humans, in response to awareness of their death, developed complex defenses to remove the salience of those thoughts. In a typical paradigm, an individual is presented with either a death-related prime (Mortality Salience; MS) or a control prime, such as writhing the details of their own death, whereas others describe something neutral such as watching television. After a distractor task, participants then complete the dependent variable, rating how much they like or agree with a pro- or anti-national essay. Individuals in the MS condition typically rates the pro-national essay higher and the anti-national essay lower than the control condition. We completed five separate studies across five unique samples with the goal of replicating and extending this well-established finding related to TMT and providing further understanding of the phenomena that underlie the effects of the MS. However, across these studies, we were unable to replicate basic patterns of the dependent variable in the MS conditions despite faithfully using standard procedures. Further, pooling these data into a brief meta-analysis found no support for the MS condition having impacted the dependent variable in the expected direction. We discuss the theoretical implications of these (unintended) failures to replicate and possible methodological refining that should be pursued in future studies.
Anthropomorphism as a contributor to the success of human (Homo sapiens) tool-use
Authors: Haslam Michael
Published: November 2021

Humans anthropomorphise: as a result of our evolved ultrasociality we see the world through person-coloured glasses. In this review, I suggest that an interesting proportion of the extraordinary tool-using abilities shown by humans results from our mistakenly anthropomorphising and forming social relationships with objects and devices. I introduce the term machination to describe this error, sketch an outline of the evidence for it, tie it to intrinsic rewards for social interaction, and use it to help explain overimitation—itself posited as underpinning human technological complexity—by human children and adults. I also suggest pathways for testing the concept’s presence and limits. With its explicit focus on individual variation and cognitive overload, machination holds promise for understanding how we create and use combinatorial technology, for clarifying differences with non-human animal tool use, and for examining the human fascination with objects.
Too Reluctant to Reach Out: Receiving Social Support is More Positive Than Expressers Expect
Authors: Dungan James A , Munguia Gomez David Mauricio , Epley Nicholas
Published: November 2021

Receiving social support is critical for wellbeing, but concerns about a recipient’s reaction couldmake people reluctant to express it. Our studies indicate that people’s expectations about how their support will be received predict their likelihood of expressing it (Study 1, N = 100 online adults), but these expectations are systematically miscalibrated. Participants who sent messages of support to others they knew (Study 2, N = 120 students), or who expressed support to a new acquaintance in person (Study 3, N = 50 adult pairs), consistently underestimated how positively their recipients would respond. A systematic perspective gap between expressers and recipients may explain miscalibrated expectations, such that expressers focus on how competent their support seems while recipients focus on the warmth it conveys (Study 4, N = 300 adults). Miscalibrated concerns about how to express support most competently may make people overly reluctant to reach out to someone in need.
CLASSIC-Utterance-Boundary: A Chunking-Based Model of Early Naturalistic Word Segmentation
Authors: Cabiddu Francesco , Bott Lewis , Jones Gary , Gambi Chiara
Published: November 2021

Word segmentation is a crucial step in children’s vocabulary learning. While computational models of word segmentation can capture infants’ performance in small-scale artificial tasks, the examination of early word segmentation in naturalistic settings has been limited by the lack of measures that can relate models’ performance to developmental data. Here, we extended CLASSIC (Jones et al., 2021) - a corpus-trained chunking model that can simulate several memory, phonological and vocabulary learning phenomena - to allow it to perform word segmentation using utterance boundary information (henceforth CLASSIC-UB). Further, we compared our model to children on a wide range of new measures, capitalizing on the link between word segmentation and vocabulary learning abilities. We show that the combination of chunking and utterance-boundary information used by CLASSIC-UB allows a better prediction of English-learning children's output vocabulary than other models.
Opening the Psychiatric Hospital and Bringing the City Inside. Contradiction and Reflexivity in a Case of Urban Innovation
Authors: Vitale Tommaso
Published: November 2021

The objective of the paper is to explain a case of social innovation in mental health services, moving from a psychiatric hospital, classically a total institution, to a healthier, diversified, and personalized care service. The research was conducted by a participant observation method, on the long run, from 1996 to 2006 in Milan (Italy): more than 25 meeting and 40 semi structured interviews were conducted. It looks at a case of ‘social entrepreneurship’ in Milan which contributes to the transformation of a large, closed psychiatric hospital into a more open and therapeutic environment for mental health services users, as well as for ordinary citizens of the whole metropolitan area. Most of the literature correctly emphasize governance and administrative capability as crucial variable for satisfaction of needs, recognition of capability and sustainability of projects. The paper shows the relevance of exogenous resources, non-local mobilisations, and loosely connected social movement networks to enact communicative spaces and challenge closed and inertial policy communities.
The Material Origin of Numbers (front matter and introduction)
Authors: Overmann Karenleigh A.
Published: November 2021

The Material Origin of Numbers examines how number concepts are realized, represented, manipulated, and elaborated. Utilizing the cognitive archaeological framework of Material Engagement Theory and culling data from disciplines including neuroscience, ethnography, linguistics, and archaeology, Overmann offers a methodologically rich study of numbers and number concepts in the ancient Near East from the late Upper Paleolithic Period through the Bronze Age. This project has received funding from the Clarendon Fund at the University of Oxford, as well as the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 785793.
Migration information infrastructures: power, control and responsibility at a new frontier of migration research
Authors: Meissner Fran , Taylor Linnet
Published: November 2021

The nature and production of migration statistics are in flux. State bureaucracies are no longer the primary source of migration data. . Instead, there are a myriad unofficial data sources and processing collaborations which produce migration and mobility data as a by-product of both commercial and governmental processes. This has implications both for international processes of migration assessment and control, and for states’ domestic policies with respect to migrants. This paper brings together migration studies with Science and Technology Studies (STS) literature to take stock of these new data sources' theoretical and empirical implications for both migrants and the links between migration and broader social processes. We identify migration information infrastructures: configurations of data assemblages which involve private and public sector actors, where data originally collected for one purpose (billing customers, sharing social information, sensing environmental change) become repurposed as migration statistics. We explore the implications of such migration information infrastructures for migration researchers: what are the entanglements that such infrastructures bring with them, and what do they mean for the ethics and practicalities of doing migration research?
FAIR Data Austria - Aligning the Implementation of FAIR Tools and Services
Authors: Blumesberger Susanne , Gänsdorfer Nikos , Ganguly Raman , Gergely Eva , Gruber Alexander , Hasani-Mavriqi Ilire , Kalová Tereza , Ladurner Christoph , Macher Therese , Miksa Tomasz , Sánchez Solís Barbara , Schranzhofer Hermann , Stork Christiane , Stryeck Sarah , Thöricht Heike
Published: November 2021

This article gives an overview of the FAIR Data Austria project objectives and current results. In collaboration with our project partners, we work on the development and establishment of tools for managing the lifecycle of research data, including machine-actionable Data Management Plans (maDMPs), repositories for long-term archiving of research results, RDM training and support services, models, and profiles for Data Stewards and FAIR Office Austria.
Explanatory potential of the concepts of transculturation/transculturality in intercultural education
Authors: Romanowska Jadwiga
Published: November 2021

The text introduces the explanatory potential of the concept of transculturation in intercultural education approaches. In the context of today’s migration situation in Europe, there is a need for alternative educational strategies. In these circumstances, the concept of transculturation/transculturality might be one of the proposals that should be considered. Giving consideration to the changing globalised reality that poses new challenges to education systems around the world, I discuss two important concepts of transculturality: Fernando Ortiz’s concept of transculturation and Wolfgang Welsch’s proposal of transculturalism and transcultural identity. I supplement them with other threads related to transcultural proposals. I am referring primarily to Dirk Hoerder’s concept of Transcultural Societal Studies and the proposal set forth by Lyudmyla Gorbunova. Next, I mention two international research projects in which Polish researchers have taken part, and which, in my opinion, are of a transcultural nature. Finally, I enumerate the most important elements of the discussed concepts of transculturalism/transculturation, which demonstrate their explanatory potential in the context of intercultural education.
الاتحاد الأوروبي والهجرة غير النظامية: دراسة حالة ليبيا
Authors: حسين أحمد
Published: November 2021

تسلط هذه الدراسة الضوء على المراحل التي تطورت خلالها سياسات الهجرة التي اتبعها الاتحاد الأوروبي. وتبحث في العوامل التي ساهمت في انتقال مسألة الهجرة غير النظامية من صلاحيات الدول الأعضاء إلى أن تصبح شأنًا أوروبيًا مشتركًا، وذلك بالعودة إلى نصوص الاتفاقيات والمعاهدات المؤسِّسة للاتحاد؛ فهذه النصوص تمثل برنامجَ عملٍ مشتركًا في مجالات إدارة الهجرة وضبطها، وحركة انتقال الأفراد بين دول الاتحاد نفسه وبين الدول الخارجية. وتركز الدراسة على المرحلة التي أعقبت الانتفاضات الشعبية العربية، من حيث ارتفاع وتيرة الهجرة الخارجية القسرية إلى دول الاتحاد الأوروبي، وما نتج منها من أزمة اللجوء إلى هذه الدول؛ ما يتيح فهمًا أعمق لمقاربة دول الاتحاد للهجرة غير النظامية. كما تركز على الحالة الليبية من خلال البحث في البرامج والخطط الجماعية الأوروبية في مجال معالجة ظاهرة الهجرة ومدى استجابتها لتدفقات المهاجرين القادمين من ليبيا، باعتبارها نقطة انطلاق وساحة عملٍ منظمٍ لشبكات التهريب والاتجار بالبشر بعد عام 2011.
التداعيات الاقتصادية والاجتماعية لجائحة فيروس كورونا المستجد (كوفيد- 19) في المغرب
Authors: المرشيد ابراهيم , المنصوري ابراهيم
Published: November 2021

​تتناول هذه الورقة أوجه العلاقة بين الأزمة الصحية المترتبة على تفشي وباء فيروس كورونا المستجد (كوفيد- 19) والوضعية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والسياسية في المغرب، مع التركيز على تحليل آثار الجائحة واقتراح سيناريوهات لتعافي الاقتصاد. وُضع صنّاع القرار في المغرب أمام امتحان صعب، وهو تسطيح منحنيين استثنائيين: منحنى الإصابات بالفيروس المتحور، ومنحنى الانكماش الاقتصادي. فعلى مستوى منحنى عدد إصابات كورونا، توضح البيانات الإحصائية المتوافرة أنه قد اقترب من التسطح عند نهاية أيار/ مايو 2020، قبل أن تضعف درجة تسطحه مع بداية النصف الثاني من حزيران/ يونيو، خاصة مع بزوغ بؤر وبائية ذات طبيعة عائلية ومهنية. أما على مستوى منحنى الانكماش الاقتصادي، فتبدو حزمة التدابير التي اعتُمدت فعالةً إلى حد ما في التخفيف من آثار الجائحة على صعيدي الطلب والعرض؛ ما مكّن من الحد من انزلاق الناتج المحلي الإجمالي إلى مستويات قياسية. ورغم المجهودات المبذولة، فإن آفاق تعافي الاقتصاد المغربي ما زالت تتسم بنوع من الضبابية. ولذلك، فإن توقعاتنا اعتمدت أساسًا على صياغة مجموعة من السيناريوهات على الآماد القصيرة والمتوسطة والطويلة، لنصل إلى نتيجة مفادها أن الاقتصاد المغربي قد يتعافى في أفق سنة 2023 ، بل قد يتحسن أداؤه، ولكن بشرط التغلب على أربعة تحديات رئيسة، هي: إصلاح المنظومة الصحية، وتعزيز الأمن الاجتماعي بمعناه الأوسع، وتحفيز الاقتصاد وتسريع انتقاله إلى مستقبل أكثر استدامة، وتحسين جودة المؤسسات.
الهجرة الدولية في خضم عالم غارق في الأزمات
Authors: شامي جوزيف
Published: November 2021

تبحث هذه الدراسة، بصورة شاملة، في اتجاهات الهجرة الدولية وسياساتها في ضوء جائحة فيروس كورونا المستجد (كوفيد-19)، وتبدأ باستعراض المراحل التي مرّت بها الهجرة خلال الأعوام الستّين الماضية. ثم تناقش اتجاهات الهجرة وسياساتها المتعلقة بالجائحة الحالية. وتختتم بسلسلة من الملاحظات العامة والأفكار التي من شأنها توجيه صناع السياسات على المستويات المحلية والوطنية والإقليمية والدولية كافةً من أجل المضي قُدمًا. وتشدّد الدراسة، بشكل خاص، على عدّة نقاط، من أبرزها أنه يجب أن تشمل التدابير الوطنية لمكافحة فيروس كورونا المهاجرين الدوليين، بغضّ النظر عن وضعهم القانوني، وأن تُستكمل الاستجابات الإقليمية والدولية، وأن تُعطي المجالسُ المحلية والدول والمجتمع الدولي الأولوية لعودة المهاجرين عودةً آمنة ولإعادة إدماجهم. كما يتعين على الدول والوكالات الدولية التخطيط لعودة ظهور هجرة تدريجية واسعة النطاق، بناءً على قوى الدفع والجذب التقليدية، ما إن يتوافر لقاح فيروس كورونا بكميّة كبيرة، ومضاعفة جهودها للتوفيق بين مخاوفها المتعلقة بأمن حدودها الوطنية وحقوق الإنسان الأساسية للمهاجرين واللاجئين وطالبي اللجوء، وتسريع الدول والجماعة الدولية جهودها لمعالجة مسألة الهجرة المرتبطة بالمناخ. أخيرًا، على دول المنشأ والعبور والمقصد أن تعالج مباشرةً تحديات الهجرة الدولية، لا أن تكتفيَ بالتخفيف من أهميتها.
The Main Factors of Well-Being and Success of the Officer Family in the Modern World
Authors: Mishina Svetlana Iurevna , Bibarsova Gulnara Shikhmuratovna , Ulianova Olga Aleksandrovna
Published: November 2021

The authors of the article considered officer families, defined the role and importance of the family for the officer, highlighted the socio-psychological characteristics of the family of a serviceman, taking into account the influence of the specifics of military service on it. The authors gave an answer to the question how to create a prosperous and happy family for officers, taking into account four types of compatibility, presented the results of a survey conducted among female servicemen studying at the Military Academy of Communications, who answered the question: "What factors of well-being of an officer's family in the modern world do you consider the main ones?", gave recommendations for the preservation of prosperous relationships in young officer families.
Modern innovative technologies in warehouse inventory management
Authors: Khodakivska Liliia O. , Hrybovska Yuliia M. , Kononenko Zhanna A.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the research is to study the benefits and potential problems of using Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID) in the warehouse management and inventory supplychain management. Methodology. In the process of writing this article a few various types of the observation, timing, motional, inventory, and historical methods (describing present time limitations of the current inventory tracking system compare to the benefits and obstacles of the proposed new generation inventory management system) were used. To support our conclusion, we used data from the sampling research conducting on the premises of six distribution centers. Generalized results of this study helped us to create a comparison between deployment of the system with the use of just RFID tags, just barcodes, and a hybrid technology, were both types of the inventory markings were incorporated. Results. As it was predicted even before the research begins, the result of the study proved that use of the RFID technology significantly improved reliability of the inventory system by reducing number of out-ofstock (OOS) items, improved speed of the data collection and reduce amount and time of the manual work. It was also determined that RFID technology will help companies to better manage day-to-day inventory operations. The overall results suggested that use of the RFID technology will help companies to reduce fixed and variable costs associated with the daily operation of the inventory management system. However, it was also found that RFID system is not prone to the problems related to the breakage of the equipment and tags themselves. It is also worth to take into account a cost of RFID tags compares to the barcodes or two-dimensional barcodes. If a medium size company will decide to switch to the RFID technology completely, the cost of the switch might not overweight the saving the company will have. In this case a possible solution might be two-dimensional barcodes. Practical meaning. We hope that results of the study, our observations, and comments will help businesses to evaluate deployment of the RFID technology better, understand some unrecognized pro and cons of it and find possible ways to improve on the current systems by using advantages of multiple inventory solutions. Prospects for further research. Consideration should be given to a possible research of the security of the RFID technology, safety of the protocols it uses to collect and transmit data, and, finally, a possibility of the external intrusion and malicious data manipulations and the ways to prevent it.
Learning Food Safety, Proper Nutrition and (COVID-19)
Authors: El-Shenawy Moustafa A.
Published: November 2021

There is not yet accurate and confirmed information about that emerging coronavirus (Covid-19), or about reaching an appropriate treatment that eliminates it. Till this moment, the global medical authorities have agreed that simple prevention methods are the application of precautionary measures, especially in the absence of a preventive serum, which prompted many questions about the food handling/safety issues you should deal with during this crisis. Moreover, the proper nutrition is vital and important. Thus eating a balanced diet lead to healthier and stronger immunity and less exposed to the risk of chronic and infectious diseases including viral infection. This mini-review clarifies the rules that dealing with your purchases of food in order to be safe and not be a source for the spread of the virus during this Pandemic outbreak. Also, it sheds light on types of healthy stock foods you can buy and some of the nutritional rules that must be followed in order to raise immunity, which is a key factor to resist the virus.
A Systems Approach To Secure Food, Good Health And A Healthy Environment
Authors: Drangert Jan-Olof
Published: November 2021

Urban areas are hot spots of consumption of products and disposal of waste. Societies have focused on access to food and goods, but today urbanisation forces them to engage in managing waste flows. In particular, to allow safe recovery and recycling of nutrients for agricultural usage in order to feed us all. Recycling presupposes reduction of harmful chemical substances and pathogens in waste in order to secure public and environmental health. Here, a five-step extended waste hierarchy is introduced to guide measures to be taken to reduce waste generation and to increase reuse and recycling. For instance, by substituting the mined phosphorus (P) in detergents and P in food and feed additives and reduce food waste over 40 % of currently used mined P can be saved. Another 15 to 30% can be recovered through reuse and recycling of solid and liquid organic waste. Such measures will make P almost limitless. Simultaneously, the secured food production will lead to reduced malnutrition and, together with a cleaner environment, to improved public health.
What is new in Purinergic Signaling and Cervical Cancer?
Authors: Cardoso Andréia Machado , Franciosi Maria Luiza Mukai , Wagner Adriana
Published: November 2021

Since our publication “Purinergic Signaling and Tumor Microenvironment in Cervical Cancer” [1], in early 2020, there has been a significant change in purinergic signaling research. The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly impacted the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cervical cancer [2]. In that previous review, we had addressed the possibilities of purinergic signaling in the tumor microenvironment of this type of cancer [1]. The conclusions were: the extracellular medium of cervical cancer is rich in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine [3, 4, 5]; ATP is a pro-inflammatory molecule that has an affinity for P2X2, P2X4, and P2X7 receptors [6]; this activation leads to apoptosis of the cells of the cervix [7]; P2X7 is still involved in stimulating factors that lead to mitogenic and angiogenic pathways [8]; there is a variant of P2X7 in cervical cancer cells, P2X7j, which decreases permeability and cell death [9, 10, 11]. The P2Y1, P2Y2, and P2Y6 receptors, in turn, have the effect of tumor progression [12]. The review also contributed to the understanding of adenosine, which would activate A2A receptors on T lymphocytes, which would promote a decrease in the proliferation and effector function of such cells
Why Is Importance the Reprogramming and Remodeling In Malignant Hematopoietic Microenvironment and Its Hematopoietic Stem Cells Too
Authors: Rahnemoon Ahmad Reza
Published: November 2021

Hematopoietic microenvironment or niche keeps stem cells in multi-potent/ uni-potent state which prevents precocious differentiation. The niche employs a variety of factors includes growth factors, cytokines and cell adhesion molecules too. In this section, we try to have a better understanding about the role of hematopoietic stem cells, niche and hematopoiesis as well as we demonstrate that leukemia induced reprogramming initially and then remodeling of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment which can be a major part of leukemogenesis and is a potential prognostic parameter in malignant hematopoietic disease as well.
Carcinoma en cuirasse associated to zosteriform metastasis from breast adenocarcinoma
Authors: Frioui Refka , Ghannem Azza , Tabka Mariam , Sriha Badreddine , Belajouza Colandane , Denguezli Mohamed
Published: November 2021

We report an original case of carcinoma en cuirasse associated with zosteriform metastasis. A 40-year-old woman presented to our department with painful erythematous lesions. She had a history of invasive ductal carcinoma of the left breast. Numerous erythematous, papules and whitish vesicles were present over the right side of the chest in a dermatomal distribution with indurated coalescent plaques. Biopsy revealed metastatic carcinoma of breast origin. Breast mammography showed suspicious right nodule. Controlateral breast carcinoma with CM was diagnosed. CM show a wide range of clinical manifestations. Carcinoma en cuirasse, is a very rare form of metastatic cutaneous breast cancer. It is characterized by diffuse sclerodermatous induration of the skin. Zosteriform metastasis is also rarely seen. It may be distributed along dermatomeres in a variety of clinical patterns, including nodular, papulovesicular, or vesiculobullous. In our case, the zosteriform metastasis occurred in the contralateral site. It announced the developing of contralateral breast cancer.
Reducing Drink Drive Accidents: A Review
Authors: Marks Peter , Prasad Debi , Williams Roger
Published: November 2021

A strong evidence-based case is made for a reduction in the drink driving blood alcohol concentration (BAC), currently in the UK 80 mg to 50 mg per 100 ml which worldwide has been shown to decrease the number of drink driving including fatal accidents. An even lower BAC of 20 mg per 100 ml is recommended for the younger novice representing 7% of driving licence holders in the UK but involved in 20% of fatal and serious collisions. The danger of binge drinking and of combining alcohol with other drugs such as cannabis and marijuana is emphasised and the harmful influence of simple energy drinks when combined with alcohol. The review also emphasises the need for enhanced police enforcement and more public awareness campaigns which to date have indicated growing public support for reducing the drink driving limits.
Longstanding Complicated Wrist Swelling: A Typical Presentation of Primary Tuberculosis a Case Report and Mini Review
Authors: A Mohammed Reem Hamdy , Mahmoud Farghaly Raghda , Di Matteo Andrea
Published: November 2021

Tuberculosis of the wrist joints is an uncommon clinical entity that most frequently presents with insidious pain and swelling. Isolated carpal bones involvement due to tuberculosis is a relatively uncommon event. In this report, the authors describe the case of a 36-year-old female patient presenting with fracture of the scaphoid bone. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was suspected based on the ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging findings of the wrist joint, and confirmed by joint fluid culture. Introducing anti-tuberculous drugs under appropriate supervision resulted in clinical improvement and optimal regain of function. No reactivation of the disease was noted after 2 years of follow‑up. This case report describes a rare presentation of wrist joint tuberculosis.
Molecular Analysis of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of TRAF5 Gene in Patients with Behçet's Disease from the Azeri Population of Northwest Iran
Authors: Khalaj-Kondori Mohammad , Hosseinzadeh Reza , Saremi Leila , Ebrahim Ghaffari Mohammad , Babaniamansour Sepideh
Published: November 2021

Background: Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with unknown causes. The geographical distribution is mostly consistent with the historic Silk Road. The role of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5) gene in the inflammation signaling pathway leads more attention to the potency of different polymorphisms of the TRAF5 gene, in the development of BD. Methods: This was a case-control study conducted among the Azeri Turk ethnic group (50 BD patients and 50 persons with no history of autoimmune disease), Tabriz, Iran. Four different TRAF5 gene polymorphisms were assessed via the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism technique. Data were analyzed by SPSS Version 20. Results: Genotypic distributions of four studied Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) had no significant difference between case and control groups (rs6540679 (p=0.50), rs12569232 (p=0.86), rs10863888 (p=0.14), and rs7514863 (p=0.24). There were also found no significant differences in SNP allelic frequencies between cases and controls
Inguinal Hernia with Incarcerated Loop of Sigmoid Colon and Impacted Hard Fecolith in an Infant: Rare Presentation
Authors: Kumar Parveen , jain Nitin
Published: November 2021

Incarcerated inguinal hernia is not an uncommon occurrence and the rate of incarceration in inguinal hernias has been variably reported between 3 and 16% with higher incidence among infants. Sigmoid colon as a content of hernia is itself an uncommon occurrence and associated impacted large and hard fecolith makes it a rare case in pediatric age group. Only single published case report could be found depicting these findings in young age group. Here we report 1-year-old child presented with 24 hours history of obstructed left-sided inguinal hernia. On exploration loop of sigmoid colon was identified with impacted fecolith.
Original Paper: Mixing of Sputnik V and AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: M Gbaj Abdul
Published: November 2021

Background and Aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine helps to develop immunity to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in most cases preventing the disease. Although various brands of vaccines work in different modes, all COVID-19 vaccines prompt an immune reaction to make the body remembers how to protect from the virus in the future. The present study aims to evaluate the safety and the immune response for mixing of Sputnik V and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines on mice. Materials and Methods: Our experimental study was performed on mice weighing on average of 20 g, selected by random allocation. The mice were divided into four groups of 12. Group one received a single dose of 0.5 ml Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine, group two received two doses of 0.5 ml AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, group three received two doses of 0.5 ml Sputnik V together with 0.5 ml AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine and group four received two doses of 0.5 ml of 0.9 % NaCl. Results: Our study shows that mixing of Sputnik V and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines is safe and induces good immunity for mice. Conclusion: Mixing of Sputnik V and AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines creates no problems and provides good immunity to mice and may be an interesting technique to help to overcome shortcomings of one or the other vaccine. Further toxicity studies are required to assess potential hazards for humans to evaluate the histopathological characteristics.
Who Deserves a Ventilator Amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic? Sorting the Moral, Ethical and Legal Dilemma in Indian Scenario
Authors: Mishra Priyanka , Nath MCH Amborish
Published: November 2021

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has rampaged into a second wave and shook the health infrastructure of several countries with India being among one of the worst-hit nations. In consideration of the current immense scarcity of ventilators in India, cautious resource allocation is the need of the hour. Hence, the Intensive care units and the ventilator allocation triage need to be formulated by a central public policy. This is due to the clinical implications, subjective judgments, ethical controversy, evidentiary weaknesses, and organizational complexities. This article suggests few approaches to suitably acknowledge everyone’s rights and judiciously allocate the ventilators for maximum benefit. This will ensure that the “maximum life years” are saved and no patient dies unlawfully.
Rare Case report of Amyand's Hernia in a Premature Infant
Authors: Rahmani Aiman , Siwji Zohra Ashraf , AlBlooshi Alya Talib , Hamchou Moustafa
Published: November 2021

Although inguinal hernias are a common finding in premature infants, it is usually caused by the protrusion of the bowel through a persistent patent processus vaginalis. However, acute appendicitis in association with an inguinal hernia in this age group is a rare finding. This type of hernia is referred to as an Amyand hernia.
Markups and Contribution Margins of Nursing Homes
Authors: Jaqua Ecler , Jaqua Terry
Published: November 2021

Markups and profit margins are different accounting terms that analyze similar transactions and use the same inputs but show additional information. The two use costs and revenues as in their calculations. The critical difference is that while profit margins refer to sales less the cost of goods sold, markups refer to the amount that needs to be added to the cost of goods to get to the final selling price. Understanding these two terms ensures that price setting is done correctly. Too low or high price setting may cause lost profits or sales. Also, with time, the price setting of a firm impacts its market share. This research paper discusses markups and contribution margins of nursing homes.
Fine Needle Aspiration: who must perform this Procedure?
Authors: Stefano Negri , Diana Azzolini , Gabriele Corradi , Giovanni Calabrese
Published: November 2021

In this historical moment, when FNA seems to have lost its paramount importance, it’s necessary to publish the data of the case study carried out from 2007 to 2014 in the pathologic anatomy unit at Carlo Poma Hospital in Mantua. This work includes 5,586 FNAs performed in various parts of the body. In particular, we examined 583 breast FNAs performed by a pathologist without help from a radiologist. The data confirm that it is very important for a pathologist to be present when a sample is being taken as this results in a decrease in the number of inadequate preparations as well as in improved diagnostic quality.
Ethnobotanical study on assessment of Practice on Traditional Plant Medicine Use among People of Wonchi District, central Ethiopia
Authors: Melkamu Bulcha Gadissa
Published: November 2021

Ethiopia is a country characterized by a wide range of climate and ecological condition which helped to have high diversity of medicinal plants and up to 80% of the population use traditional medicine for primary health care. Studies on the current practices of the communities in the area are vital to document the basic information in these regars. Therefore, this study was aimed in assessing the practices of traditional plant medicine use among communities of Wonchi District. Results: The most widely used route of administration in the study area was oral accounted for (56.67%) followed by dermal (29.63%) This is the reason that oral and dermal routes permit rapid physiological reaction of the prepared medicines with the pathogens and increase its curative power. The prepared traditional medicines were applied in a number of ways, among which drinking (37.57%), creaming (16.76%), and eating (10.40%) were mentioned frequently.
Evaluating the Potential of Applying Machine Learning Tools to Metabolic Pathway Optimization
Authors: Ng Wenfa
Published: November 2021

Successful engineering of a microbial host for efficient production of a target product from a given substrate can be viewed as an extensive optimization task. Such a task involves the selection of high activity enzymes as well as their gene expression regulatory control elements (i.e., promoters and ribosome binding sites). Finally, there is also the need to tune expression of multiple genes along a heterologous pathway to relieve constraints from rate-limiting step and help reduce metabolic burden on cells from unnecessary over-expression of high activity enzymes. While the aforementioned tasks could be performed through combinatorial experiments, such an approach incurs significant cost, time and effort, which is a handicap that can be relieved by application of modern machine learning tools. Such tools could attempt to predict high activity enzymes from sequence, but they are currently most usefully applied in classifying strong promoters from weaker ones as well as combinatorial tuning of expression of multiple genes. This perspective reviews the application of machine learning tools to aid metabolic pathway optimization through identifying challenges in metabolic engineering that could be overcome with the help of machine learning tools.
Assessment of Wall Salinity in the Selection of Renovation Plaster Systems
Authors: Panuś Arkadiusz
Published: November 2021

This article presents issues related to assessing the degree of wall salinity to select plaster systems for renovations of damp building walls. The most commonly used salt concentration tests pose many difficulties. If used uncritically, they risk failing to select the right system or its incorrect make. The accuracy of the colorimetric method for testing chloride, nitrate, and sulphate content was analysed to exemplify the magnitude of the problem. Both multi-salt solutions of known concentrations and unknown composition extracted from drillings in the walls of a historical facility were examined. A comparative methodology using ion chromatography as a standard was employed in the research. The analytical methods and the selected modules of the „Statistica” software were used to analyse data and present the results. The colorimetric method has been shown to distort salt concentration values, posing a risk of unsuccessful repair work on high-salinity walls. A method for determining the correction reducing the measurement error has been proposed. The factors affecting the error were also mentioned. Attention has also been drawn to the resolution and application of a method with a correct concentration range intended to improve work efficiency and optimize the costs incurred in renovating the salty wall.
Humic acids impact on heavy metal phytoextraction in Tagetes patula L.
Authors: Pukhalsky Ya. V. , Loskutov S. I. , Nikiticheva G. V. , Gorodnova L. A. , Voropaeva E. V.
Published: November 2021

In a model study, we analysed the impact of humic acids (HAs, 500 ppm) on the accumulation of heavy metals (HMs; Pb, Cu, Ni and Zn) in roots and aboveground organs of the annual ornamental plant Tagetes patula (Scarlet variety) cultivated on the Terra Vita nutritive substrate used in modern cultural landscape mulching to imitate the upper fertile root layer (UR-RAT) of contaminated urban soils in megacities. Plants were grown in full photoculture (at no sunlight) in pots placed in a closed grow box, maintaining internal microclimate. A modern HLG Quantum Board QB288 V2 Rspec LED panel enabled with vegetation modes was used as light source. HMs were introduced in substrate as aqueous saline. Each setting was quadruplicated. Total experiment duration was 30 days. Tagetes patula was proved a particularly effective phytoextractor of Zn applied at 40 mg/kg (p<0.01). At the same time, the plants showed high tolerance to toxic growth inhibition (in biometry of the above- and underground organ length and mass) and preserved external aesthetics. Metals were further graded by phytomass accumulation as follows: Cu>Pb>Ni. Ni at 30 mg/kg had a major impact on plant weight and length, which sets off the variety as a sensitive phytoexcluder for this metal. HAs increased aboveground mass in all settings and decreased the HM mass impact. A sharp root mass reduction was observed in combinations of the two factors (HMs+HAs), which was clearly reflected in impaired root mass in zinc settings. A single metal addition reduced the mass by average 12.0 % (p<0.01) vs. control (no HAs or HMs), whilst a combined HAs+HMs administration induced its 65.0 % reduction (p<0.01). The results obtained indicate a good root buffering capacity for HM translocation from the rhizosphere to aboveground parts. In general, HA usage is promising for creating the green space and phytoremediation of urban HM-contaminated soils.
Biological and economic efficiency of optimised pest control schemes for mandarin fruit in Abkhazian
Authors: Kulava L. D. , Karpun N. N. , Zhuravleva E. N. , Ayba L. Ya.
Published: November 2021

Abkhazian mandarin crop is infected by over 50 pest species incurring marketable yield losses up to 83 %, which prioritises the development of new crop protection strategies that avoid organophosphorus compound usage leading to pest resistance. The studies were conducted during 2019–2020 in full-grown Citrus unshiu mandarin plantations at the Gulrypsh District of the Republic of Abkhazia adhering to the common protocol. Seven schemes were covered in study for the mandarin crop protection from rust mite Phyllocoptruta oleivora Ashmead and brown marble bug Halyomorphahalys Stål. Two schemes have been selected as optimised: scheme 5 (treatment 1 with Confidor Extra tank mix, 0.05 % WDG (imidacloprid) and 0.15 % Cytovit; treatment 2 with Vertimek tank mix, 0.1 % EC (abamectin, 18 g/L) and 0.15 % Cytovit; treatments 3--4 with Karate Zeon tank mix, 0.05 % OEC (lambda-cyhalothrin, 50 g/L) and 0.15 % Cytovit) and scheme 6 (treatment 1 with Metomax tank mix, 0.15 % SC (methomil 250 g/kg + bifenthrin 25 g/kg) and Vertimek, 0.1 % EC (abamectin, 18 g/L); treatments 2--3 with Karate Zeon, 0.05 % ISS (lambda-cyhalothrin, 50 g/L) and Vertimek, 0.1 % EC (abamectin, 18 g/L); treatment 4 with Karate Zeon, 0.05 % OEC (lambda-cyhalothrin, 50 g/L)). The schemes’ biological efficacy against mandarin pests was 80.0–84.2 and 81.3–87.7 %, providing for an average fruit weight improvement by 89.5 and 94.7 % vs. control, and 22.0 and 25.4 % vs. benchmark, respectively. Yield excess in the schemes was 85.7 and 91.7 % vs. control, and 36.8 and 41.3 % vs. economic cultivation, respectively. Class 1 fruits accounted for 63.3–65.6 % total harvest in schemes 5 and 6, whilst were not obtained in control.
Rec.: Janusz Mariański, Kościół katolicki w Polsce w kontekście społecznym. Studium socjologiczne, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2018, s. 281
Authors: Romanowicz Wiesław
Published: November 2021

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Scope of Conventional and Fractal Morphometry in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer
Authors: Behera Paresh Kumar , Mohapatra Diksha
Published: November 2021

World Health Organization (WHO) defined the terminology ‘Oral Potentially malignant disorders’ (OPMD) as the presence of risk of malignancy in a lesion or condition either during the time of initial diagnosis or at a future date with the commonly accepted prevalence of 1–5%. All OPMDs may not transform into malignancy, many factors have been explored which effectively assess the risk of malignant transformation in OPMDs including many clinical, pathological and molecular factors. Qualitative & experimental factors of different cells in cytological preparations and/or biopsy specimens are reliable parameters for pathologists. The analysis and assessment of histological units can be enhanced by image analysis assisted by a computer that can be used for statistical comparisons. Fractal geometry is considered to be an ideal method of image analysis in quantitative microscopy & histopathology. Fractal dimension analysis is not only limited to determining cell and tumour types but can also be used for determining cellular behaviours in vitro such as cell migration, apoptosis and cellular differentiation, which can be a useful characterization of oral cancer lines and further help in the treatment planning.

Keywords: Oral Cancer, Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs), Conventional morphometry, Fractal Dimension, Photomicrograph
Molecular Mechanisms of Muscle Tone Impairment under Conditions of Real and Simulated Space Flight
Authors: Shenkman Boris S. , Tsaturyan Andrey K. , Vihlyantsev Ivan M. , Kozlovskaya Inessa B. , Grigoriev Anatoliy I.
Published: November 2021

Kozlovskaya et al. [1] and Grigoriev et al. [2] showed that enormous loss of muscle stiffness (atonia) develops in humans under true (space flight) and simulated microgravity conditions as early as after the first days of exposure. This phenomenon is attributed to the inactivation of slow motor units and called reflectory atonia. However, a lot of evidence indicating that even isolated muscle or a single fiber possesses substantial stiffness was published at the end of the 20th century. This intrinsic stiffness is determined by the active component, i.e. the ability to form actin-myosin cross-bridges during muscle stretch and contraction, as well as by cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix proteins, capable of resisting muscle stretch. The main facts on intrinsic muscle stiffness under conditions of gravitational unloading are considered in this review. The data obtained in studies of humans under dry immersion and rodent hindlimb suspension is analyzed. The results and hypotheses regarding reduced probability of cross-bridge formation in an atrophying muscle due to increased interfilament spacing are described. The evidence of cytoskeletal protein (titin, nebulin, etc.) degradation during gravitational unloading is also discussed. The possible mechanisms underlying structural changes in skeletal muscle collagen and its role in reducing intrinsic muscle stiffness are presented. The molecular mechanisms of changes in intrinsic stiffness during space flight and simulated microgravity are reviewed.
Poly(ADP-Ribosyl) Code Functions
Authors: Maluchenko Natalya V. , Koshkina Darya O. , Feofanov Alexey V. , Studitsky Vasily M. , Kirpichnikov Mikhail P.
Published: November 2021

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation plays a key role in cellular metabolism. Covalent poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation affects the activity of the proteins engaged in DNA repair, chromatin structure regulation, gene expression, RNA processing, ribosome biogenesis, and protein translation. Non-covalent PAR-dependent interactions are involved in the various types of cellular response to stress and viral infection, such as inflammation, hormonal signaling, and the immune response. The review discusses how structurally different poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) molecules composed of identical monomers can differentially participate in various cellular processes acting as the so-called PAR code. The article describes the ability of PAR polymers to form functional biomolecular clusters through a phase-separation in response to various signals. This phase-separation contributes to rapid spatial segregation of biochemical processes and effective recruitment of the necessary components. The cellular PAR level is tightly controlled by a network of regulatory proteins: PAR code writers, readers, and erasers. Impaired PAR metabolism is associated with the development of pathological processes causing oncological, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacological correction of the PAR level may represent a new approach to the treatment of various diseases.