bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lower fitness levels, higher fat-to-lean mass ratios, and lower cardiorespiratory endurance are more likely to affect the body mass index of Saudi children and adolescents
Authors: Said Mohamed Ahmed , Alhumaid Majed M. , Atta Ibrahim I. , Al-Sababha Khairi Mahmoud , Abdelrahman Mohamed Abdelmoneim , Alibrahim Mohammed Shaab
Published: October 2022

Background

Several studies suggest that health-related physical fitness may play a prominent role in preventing obesity in children and adolescents.

Objectives

The present study examined fitness levels using five components of health-related fitness in Saudi students aged 10–17 years (fat-to-lean mass ratio, cardiorespiratory endurance, upper body strength and endurance, abdominal muscle strength and endurance, and flexibility). Subsequently, the association between BMI and a health-related fitness index (HR-PFI) based on the five fitness components was investigated.

Methods

The study was conducted on 1,291 students with a mean age of 12.95 ± 1.72 years. Participants included 1,030 boys aged 12.80 ± 1.79 years, with 479 young boys (11.24 ± 0.81b years), and 551 adolescents (14.16 ± 1.21 years). Moreover, the study examined 261 girls averaging 13.54 ± 1.2 years old, with 66 young girls (11.92 ± 0.27 years), and 195 teenage girls (14.09 ± 0.85 years). Each participant's health-related fitness level was assessed by the following tests: Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer (BIA) for body composition, one-mile run/walk test for cardiorespiratory endurance, curl-up test for abdominal muscle strength and endurance (AMSE), push-up test for upper body strength and endurance (UBSE), and back-saver sit-and-reach test for flexibility.

Results

The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 10.4 and 24.7% in boys and 10 and 8.4% in girls, respectively. The mean Z-scores of performances decreased from the underweight to the obese groups. BMI was positively associated with the ratio of fat mass to lean mass and negatively associated with cardiorespiratory endurance in the overall group of participants as well as in the subgroups by sex and age categories. BMI was also negatively associated with flexibility and HR-PFI in the total group, UBSE, AMSE, and HR-PFI in prepubertal boys, and UBSE in prepubertal girls. The coefficient of determination values was 0.65 in the total group, 0.72 in prepubertal boys, 0.863 in adolescent boys, 0.956 in prepubertal girls, and 0.818 in adolescent girls.

Conclusions

Overall health-related physical fitness, fat-to-lean mass ratio, and cardiorespiratory endurance are the factors that most affect BMI in Saudi students aged 10 to 17.
Epidemiological investigation and prevention and control strategies of rubella in Anhui province, China, from 2012 to 2021
Authors: Zhang Ning , Cheng Xiaodong , Zhou Shujie , Wang Binbing , Luo Xianwei , Chai Yu , Tang Jihai , Su Bin , Liu Zhirong
Published: October 2022

Background

Rubella is a highly contagious viral infection with mild manifestations that occurs most often in children and young adults. Infection during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, can result in an infant born with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The purpose of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of rubella epidemics in Anhui province from 2012 to 2021 and explore the prevention and control strategies of rubella.

Methods

A descriptive epidemiological approach was used to examine the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Anhui Province between 2012 and 2021.

Results

From 2012 to 2021, a total of 4,987 cases of rubella were reported in Anhui province, with an average annual incidence of 8.11 per million, demonstrating an overall downward trend (χ2 trend =3141.06, P < 0.01). The average yearly incidence of rubella in southern Anhui, central Anhui, and northern Anhui were 9.99 per million, 11.47 per million, and 4.50 per million, respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ2 =792.50, P < 0.01). The male to female incidence ratio was 1.67:1, and the male incidence rate was higher than the female incidence rate. Most cases occurred among students, accounting for 56.59% of all cases, and the 10–34 age group accounted for ~73.71% of all cases. Regarding immunization history, 3.57% of cases had two doses or more, 6.62% had one dose, 16.40% had none, and the remainder were uncertain.

Conclusion

The incidence of rubella in Anhui province from 2012 to 2021 continued to decline, with regional variations observed. The 10–34-year-old population without a history of rubella vaccination is at high risk for the disease. It is suggested to carry out rubella vaccination and congenital rubella syndrome monitoring according to the actual situation.
Classification of elderly pain severity from automated video clip facial action unit analysis: A study from a Thai data repository
Authors: Gomutbutra Patama , Kittisares Adisak , Sanguansri Atigorn , Choosri Noppon , Sawaddiruk Passakorn , Fakfum Puriwat , Lerttrakarnnon Peerasak , Saralamba Sompob
Published: October 2022

Data from 255 Thais with chronic pain were collected at Chiang Mai Medical School Hospital. After the patients self-rated their level of pain, a smartphone camera was used to capture faces for 10 s at a one-meter distance. For those unable to self-rate, a video recording was taken immediately after the move that causes the pain. The trained assistant rated each video clip for the pain assessment in advanced dementia (PAINAD). The pain was classified into three levels: mild, moderate, and severe. OpenFace© was used to convert the video clips into 18 facial action units (FAUs). Five classification models were used, including logistic regression, multilayer perception, naïve Bayes, decision tree, k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM). Out of the models that only used FAU described in the literature (FAU 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 25, 26, 27, and 45), multilayer perception is the most accurate, at 50%. The SVM model using FAU 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 20, 25, and 45, and gender had the best accuracy of 58% among the machine learning selection features. Our open-source experiment for automatically analyzing video clips for FAUs is not robust for classifying pain in the elderly. The consensus method to transform facial recognition algorithm values comparable to the human ratings, and international good practice for reciprocal sharing of data may improve the accuracy and feasibility of the machine learning's facial pain rater.
Key demographics and psychological skills associated with adjustment to progressive Multiple Sclerosis early in the diagnosis
Authors: Bogosian Angeliki , Day Fern , Norton Sam , Silber Eli , Sakel Mohamed , Sharrack Basil , Moss-Morris Rona
Published: October 2022

Background/purpose

Being diagnosed with a progressive type of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been associated with worse psychological outcomes compared to relapsing-remitting type. Previous studies of adjustment to MS have primarily focused on relapsing-remitting type MS. The present study aims to examine psychological adjustment for people newly diagnosed with progressive multiple sclerosis.

Methods

This was a multicenter cross-sectional survey of 189 people newly diagnosed with progressive MS. A composite measure of psychological adjustment was created from questionnaires measuring psychological distress, positive affect, perceived-stress, life satisfaction and self-concept. Predictor variables included coping strategies, social support, relationship with partner, psychological vulnerability, MS-related beliefs, and responses to symptoms. Data were analysed using a regularised regression model to indicate which group of all variables are associated with adjustment.

Results

People who were older (b = 0.17(0.07), p = 0.02), in employment (b = 0.40 (0.17), p = 0.01), and with lower illness severity (b = −0.24 (0.08), p = 0.001) showed better adjustment. Based on a Lasso regression, the most important psychological and demographic variables associated with lower adjustment (out-of-sample cross-validation R2 = 62.6%) were lower MS self-efficacy and higher avoidance, cognitive vulnerability, embarrassment avoidance, conflict, helplessness, and secondary progressive MS type.

Conclusions and implications

Helping newly diagnosed people to find ways to tolerate anxiety-causing situations by encouraging acceptance may help people adjust to progressive MS by lowering their avoidance. Further, building confidence in managing the illness and addressing relationship issues are key focus areas in psychological interventions for people with progressive multiple sclerosis.
Brief composite mobility index predicts post-stroke fallers after hospital discharge
Authors: Plummer Prudence , Feld Jody A. , Mercer Vicki S. , Ni Pengsheng
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Community-dwelling, ambulatory stroke survivors fall at very high rates in the first 3–6 months. Current inpatient clinical assessments for fall risk have inadequate predictive accuracy. We found that a pre-discharge obstacle-crossing test has excellent specificity (83%) but lacks acceptable sensitivity (67%) for identifying would-be fallers and non-fallers post discharge.

Hypothesis

We assessed the hypothesis that combining the obstacle-crossing test with other highly discriminatory fall risk factors would compensate for the obstacle test’s fair sensitivity and yield an instrument with superior prediction accuracy.

Methods

45 ambulatory stroke survivors (60 ± 11 years old, 15 ± 11 days post stroke) being discharged home completed a battery of physical performance-based and self-reported measures 1–5 days prior to discharge. After discharge, participants were prospectively followed and classified as fallers (≥1 fall) or non-fallers at 3 months. Pre-discharge measures with the largest effect sizes for differentiating fallers and non-fallers were combined into a composite index. Several variations of the composite index were examined to optimize accuracy.

Results

A 4-item discharge composite index significantly predicted fall status at 3-months. The goodness of fit of the regression model was significantly better than the obstacle-crossing test alone, χ2(1) = 6.036, p = 0.014. Furthermore, whereas the obstacle-crossing test had acceptable overall accuracy (AUC 0.78, 95% CI, 0.60–0.90), the composite index had excellent accuracy (AUC 0.85, 95% CI, 0.74–0.96). Combining the obstacle-crossing test with only the step test produced a model of equivalent accuracy (AUC 0.85, 95% CI, 0.73–0.96) and with better symmetry between sensitivity and specificity (0.71, 0.83) than the 4-item composite index (0.86, 0.67). This 2-item index was validated in an independent sample of n = 30 and with bootstrapping 1,000 samples from the pooled cohorts. The 4-item index was internally validated with bootstrapping 1,000 samples from the derivation cohort plus n = 9 additional participants.

Conclusion

This study provides convincing proof-of-concept that strategic aggregation of performance-based and self-reported mobility measures, including a novel and demanding obstacle-crossing test, can predict post-discharge fallers with excellent accuracy. Further instrument development is warranted to construct a brief aggregate tool that will be pragmatic for inpatient use and improve identification of future post-stroke fallers before the first fall.
Case report: Reactive Epstein–Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and treated with intravenous immunoglobulin
Authors: Chang Yueh-Shih , Ye Jung-Jr , Cheng Tzu-Chien , Wen Ying-Hao , Huang Chi-Ying F. , Yeh Kun-Yun
Published: October 2022

Viral reactivation was previously reported after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection but was seldom documented after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, except varicella-zoster virus and cytomegalovirus. Here, we present a case of reactive Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome after receiving SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Antiplatelet factor 4 antibody was detected, and the bone marrow study showed hemophagocytosis and was positive in the immunohistochemistry staining for EBV-encoded small nuclear RNAs and negative staining for CD3 and CD56 markers of small lymphocytes. The high percentage of CD38 high/HLA-DR+ cells among CD8+ T cells further confirmed HLH. After intravenous administration of immunoglobulin, the clinical symptoms, D-dimer level, fibrinogen, platelet count, EBV-DNA titer, and anti-PF4 level were all improved. Further investigation into the pathogenesis of vaccine-associated EBV reactivation, such as TNF-α, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), is warranted.
Scientific diasporas and the advancement of science diplomacy: The InFEWS US-China program in the face of confrontational “America First” diplomacy
Authors: Prieto Julian , Scott Christopher A.
Published: October 2022

The challenges and consequences of climate change have brought together governments around the world to advance scientific knowledge and programmatic actions to develop mitigation strategies while promoting sustainable development. The United States and China—the countries with the highest science expenditures globally—have historically developed a range of joint international research collaborations. However, under the “America First”agenda put forth by the Trump Administration, bilateral diplomatic relations with China reached their highest confrontational peak. Under this scenario science diplomacy served as a catalyst to maintain scientific collaborations between both countries. In 2018, the US National Science Foundation and the China National Natural Science Foundation launched the InFEWS US-China program to promote collaborations to expand food, energy, and water nexus (FEW Nexus) research and applications. Over the past four years, 20 research projects have been awarded from the US side and 47 publications have been reported as research output. By carrying out a descriptive analysis of the InFEWS US-China research and scholarly outputs, we find evidence of the crucial role played by the Chinese scientific diaspora who led 65% of the projects awarded. We find that there is a generally good understanding of the interdependencies between FEW systems included in the project abstracts. However, in the InFEWS US-China scholarly outputs generated to date, there is a lack of usage of a clear FEW Nexus theoretical framework. Further research should address intentional policies that enhance the involvement of scientific diasporas in their home countries to better address climate, sustainability, and development challenges.
The Space Physics Environment Data Analysis System in Python
Authors: Grimes Eric W. , Harter Bryan , Hatzigeorgiu Nick , Drozdov Alexander , Lewis James W. , Angelopoulos Vassilis , Cao Xin , Chu Xiangning , Hori Tomo , Matsuda Shoya , Jun Chae-Woo , Nakamura Satoko , Kitahara Masahiro , Segawa Tomonori , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Le Contel Olivier
Published: October 2022

In this article, we describe the free, open-source Python-based Space Physics Environment Data Analysis System (PySPEDAS), a platform for multi-mission, multi-instrument retrieval, analysis, and visualization of Heliophysics data. PySPEDAS currently contains load routines for data from 23 space missions, as well as a variety of data from ground-based observatories. The load routines are built from a common set of general routines that provide access to datasets in different ways (e.g., downloading and caching CDF files or accessing data hosted on web services), making the process of adding additional datasets simple. In addition to load routines, PySPEDAS contains numerous analysis tools for working with the dataset once it is loaded. We describe how these load routines and analysis tools are built by utilizing other free, open-source Python projects (e.g., PyTplot, cdflib, hapiclient, etc.) to make tools for space and solar physicists that are extremely powerful, yet easy-to-use. After discussing the code in detail, we show numerous examples of code using PySPEDAS, and discuss limitations and future plans.
Perturbation-based balance training: Principles, mechanisms and implementation in clinical practice
Authors: McCrum Christopher , Bhatt Tanvi S. , Gerards Marissa H. G. , Karamanidis Kiros , Rogers Mark W. , Lord Stephen R. , Okubo Yoshiro
Published: October 2022

Since the mid-2000s, perturbation-based balance training has been gaining interest as an efficient and effective way to prevent falls in older adults. It has been suggested that this task-specific training approach may present a paradigm shift in fall prevention. In this review, we discuss key concepts and common issues and questions regarding perturbation-based balance training. In doing so, we aim to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the current evidence on the mechanisms, feasibility and efficacy of perturbation-based balance training for researchers and practitioners. We address this in two sections: “Principles and Mechanisms” and “Implementation in Practice.” In the first section, definitions, task-specificity, adaptation and retention mechanisms and the dose-response relationship are discussed. In the second section, issues related to safety, anxiety, evidence in clinical populations (e.g., Parkinson's disease, stroke), technology and training devices are discussed. Perturbation-based balance training is a promising approach to fall prevention. However, several fundamental and applied aspects of the approach need to be further investigated before it can be widely implemented in clinical practice.
The geography of talent development
Authors: Hancock David J. , Vierimaa Matthew , Newman Ashley
Published: October 2022

Geography (i.e., birthplace) is one of many factors that influence talent development. When one's birthplace leads to advantages in sport participation or performance, it is called a birthplace effect. Nearly two decades of committed research has revealed that birthplace effects are pervasive across sports and countries. Recently, researchers have attempted to better understand birthplace effects by considering various metrics that serve as proxies for birth advantages; for instance, population size, population density, and proximity to sport clubs. Underlying mechanisms that explain birthplace effects include infrastructure (e.g., environment and facilities) and social structure (e.g., family and safety), though contextual differences across existing research (e.g., sports and countries) make it difficult to fully explain the effects. Herein, we provide more depth regarding these elements of birthplace effects, while also presenting new data on “talent hotspots”; that is, communities with optimal population and density for talent development.
Mobile electroencephalography captures differences of walking over even and uneven terrain but not of single and dual-task gait
Authors: Jacobsen Nadine Svenja Josée , Blum Sarah , Scanlon Joanna Elizabeth Mary , Witt Karsten , Debener Stefan
Published: October 2022

Walking on natural terrain while performing a dual-task, such as typing on a smartphone is a common behavior. Since dual-tasking and terrain change gait characteristics, it is of interest to understand how altered gait is reflected by changes in gait-associated neural signatures. A study was performed with 64-channel electroencephalography (EEG) of healthy volunteers, which was recorded while they walked over uneven and even terrain outdoors with and without performing a concurrent task (self-paced button pressing with both thumbs). Data from n = 19 participants (M = 24 years, 13 females) were analyzed regarding gait-phase related power modulations (GPM) and gait performance (stride time and stride time-variability). GPMs changed significantly with terrain, but not with the task. Descriptively, a greater beta power decrease following right-heel strikes was observed on uneven compared to even terrain. No evidence of an interaction was observed. Beta band power reduction following the initial contact of the right foot was more pronounced on uneven than on even terrain. Stride times were longer on uneven compared to even terrain and during dual- compared to single-task gait, but no significant interaction was observed. Stride time variability increased on uneven terrain compared to even terrain but not during single- compared to dual-tasking. The results reflect that as the terrain difficulty increases, the strides become slower and more irregular, whereas a secondary task slows stride duration only. Mobile EEG captures GPM differences linked to terrain changes, suggesting that the altered gait control demands and associated cortical processes can be identified. This and further studies may help to lay the foundation for protocols assessing the cognitive demand of natural gait on the motor system.
Muscle synergy during free throw shooting in basketball is different between scored and missed shots
Authors: Matsunaga Naoto , Oshikawa Tomoki
Published: October 2022

The current study investigated the differences in synergy during a free throw in basketball and compared synergies between scored and missed shots. A total of six men's college basketball players participated in this study. A wireless electromyographic system was used to measure the activity of 16 trunk, and upper and lower extremity muscles while completing the free throw. In total, three scored and missed shots each were analyzed to extract the synergies using non-negative matrix factorization. Overall, four synergies were extracted from the successfully made shots, and three synergies were extracted for the missed shot; two synergies were shared between scored and missed shots. The one synergy that contributes to the shoulder flexion was used to set the ball and activate the initial stage of the free throw. Another synergy that contributes the palmar flexion was used to release the ball and activate the final stage of the free throw. The other two synergies in scored shot contribute to lower and upper limb extension in sequence to promote the energy transfer in the middle to the final stage of the free throw. On the other hand, there was only a synergy that corresponded to the middle to the final stage of the free throw extracted from the missed shot. Since the movements of the lower and upper extremity extensions are performed even on a missed shot, we believe that working the from the lower to the upper limb “in sequence,” rather than working the lower and upper limbs “simultaneously,” may influence the success of the shot.
Combining targeted and systematic prostate biopsy improves prostate cancer detection and correlation with the whole mount histopathology in biopsy naïve and previous negative biopsy patients
Authors: Mischinger Johannes , Schöllnast Helmut , Zurl Hanna , Geyer Mark , Fischereder Katja , Adelsmayr Gabriel , Igrec Jasminka , Fritz Gerald , Merdzo-Hörmann Martina , Elstner Jörg , Schmid Johannes , Triebl Alfred , Trimmel Viktoria , Reiter Clemens , Steiner Jakob , Rosenlechner Dominik , Seles Maximilian , Pichler Georg P. , Pichler Martin , Riedl Jakob , Schöpfer-Schwab Stephanie , Strobl Jakob , Hutterer Georg C. , Zigeuner Richard , Pummer Karl , Augustin Herbert , Ahyai Sascha , Mannweiler Sebastian , Fuchsjäger Michael , Talakic Emina
Published: October 2022

Objective

Guidelines for previous negative biopsy (PNB) cohorts with a suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa) after positive multiparametric (mp) magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI) often favour the fusion-guided targeted prostate-biopsy (TB) only approach for Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) ≥3 lesions. However, recommendations lack direct biopsy performance comparison within biopsy naïve (BN) vs. PNB patients and its prognostication of the whole mount pathology report (WMPR), respectively. We suppose, that the combination of TB and concomitant TRUS-systematic biopsy (SB) improves the PCa detection rate of PI-RADS 2, 3, 4 or 5 lesions and the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP)-grade predictability of the WMPR in BN- and PNB patients.

Methods

Patients with suspicious mpMRI, elevated prostate-specific-antigen and/or abnormal digital rectal examination were included. All PI-RADS reports were intramurally reviewed for biopsy planning. We compared the PI-RADS score substratified TB, SB or combined approach (TB/SB) associated BN- and PNB-PCa detection rate. Furthermore, we assessed the ISUP-grade variability between biopsy cores and the WMPR.

Results

According to BN (n = 499) vs. PNB (n = 314) patients, clinically significant (cs) PCa was detected more frequently by the TB/SB approach (62 vs. 43%) than with the TB (54 vs. 34%) or SB (57 vs. 34%) (all p < 0.0001) alone. Furthermore, we observed that the TB/SB strategy detects a significantly higher number of csPCa within PI-RADS 3, 4 or 5 reports, both in BN and PNB men. In contrast, applied biopsy techniques were equally effective to detect csPCa within PI-RADS 2 lesions. In case of csPCa diagnosis the TB approach was more often false-negative in PNB patients (BN 11% vs. PNB 19%; p = 0.02). The TB/SB technique showed in general significantly less upgrading, whereas a higher agreement was only observed for the total and BN patient cohort.

Conclusion

Despite csPCa is more frequently found in BN patients, the TB/SB method always detected a significantly higher number of csPCa within PI-RADS 3, 4 or 5 reports of our BN and PNB group. The TB/SB strategy predicts the ISUP-grade best in the total and BN cohort and in general shows the lowest upgrading rates, emphasizing its value not only in BN but also PNB patients.
Surgical and short-term outcomes in robotic and laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer with enhanced recovery after surgery protocol: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Huang Weijia , Liu Siyu , Chen Junqiang
Published: October 2022

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the short-term surgical outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) and robot-assisted distal gastrectomy (RADG) for gastric cancer (GC) with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of 202 patients undergoing radical distal gastrectomy; among them, 67 cases were assisted through RADG, while 135 cases were assisted through LADG along with ERAS. We retrospectively collected the medical records in succession from a database (January 2016–March 2019). We adopted propensity score matching to compare surgical and short-term outcomes of both groups.

Results

After the successful examination of 134 cases, including 67 receiving RADG and 67 undergoing LADG, the operative times were noted as 5.78 ± 0.96 h for the RADG group and 4.47 ± 1.01 h for the LADG group (P < 0.001). The blood loss was noted as 125.52 ± 101.18 ml in the RADG group and 164.93 ± 109.32 ml in the LADG group (P < 0.05). The shorter time to first flatus was 38.82 ± 10.56 h in the RADG group and 42.88 ± 11.25 h in the LADG group (P < 0.05). In contrast, shorter days of postoperative hospital stay were 5.94 ± 1.89 days in the RADG group and 6.64 ± 1.92 days in the LADG group (P < 0.05). Also, the RADG group (84483.03 ± 9487.37) was much more costly than the LADG group (65258.13 ± 8928.33) (P < 0.001). The postoperative overall complication rates, numbers of dissected lymph nodes, visual analogue scale (VAS), and time to start a liquid diet for the RADG group and the LADG group were similar.

Conclusions

In this research, we concluded that RADG provides surgical benefits and short-term outcomes compared to LADG for GC with ERAS.
Diagnostic challenges and treatment options in patients with solitary fibrous tumor: A single-center observational study
Authors: Ozaniak Andrej , Hladik Pavel , Lischke Robert , Strizova Zuzana
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an extremely rare disease with a high misdiagnosis rate and a potentially malignant biologic nature. We have collected and analyzed data from 18 SFT patients to provide a deeper insight into this uncommon disease entity.

Methods

In our study, 18 patients who had undergone surgery between April 2014 and December 2021 for the diagnosis of SFT were evaluated. The collected data for each patient included the location of the SFT, the preoperative diagnosis, the definitive histological diagnosis, the presence of postoperative complications, the time of recurrence, the time of systemic progression, the type of treatment, and the survival rate. The median follow-up was 36 months.

Results

In three patients, the preoperative diagnosis did not correlate with the definitive histology of SFT. In patients with the limb location of SFT, no signs of recurrence nor distant metastases were seen within the study period. In total, 50% of the postsurgical complications were associated with the abdominal location of the SFT. In newly diagnosed SFT patients, two patients (20%) developed local recurrence, and the median time until recurrence was 22.5 months. Out of patients that were admitted and operated on for recurrent SFT, 67% relapsed, and the median time to relapse was 9.5 months. The systemic progression of the disease was observed in 33% of patients treated for recurrent SFT.

Conclusion

In our study, the misdiagnosis rate was high and correlated with previously published studies. Postsurgical complications were associated with the extrathoracic location of SFT. The mainstay of SFT treatment remains radical surgery, although radiotherapy alone can significantly improve overall survival. Clinical trials are urgently needed to evaluate the potential effect of other treatment modalities, such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy, in SFT patients.
Data evaluation of broiler chicken rearing and slaughter—An exploratory study
Authors: Junghans Annika , Deseniß Lea , Louton Helen
Published: October 2022

To process and evaluate the data from broiler fattening and slaughtering, we investigated the production data of 107 straight run flocks of the commercial meat-type breed Ross 308 (Aviagen, EU). All flocks were raised and slaughtered in Germany and the average slaughter age was 37 days. The health outcomes of interest were mortality, average weight, and the slaughter results. First-week mortality, cumulative mortality, stocking density, flock size, season, production week of the parental flock, farm, antibiotic treatment, and the interaction between antibiotic treatment and season were considered as possible influencing factors. The average first-week mortality (FWM) and cumulative mortality percentages were 0.66 and 2.74%, respectively. First-week mortality was influenced by flock size, production week of the parental flock, and the interaction between antibiotic treatment and season, whereas cumulative mortality was influenced by antibiotic treatment, farm, and first-week mortality. The average weight (mean 2.30 kg) was influenced by season, stocking density, flock size, farm, and the interaction between antibiotic treatment and season. The condemnation rate was on average 1.48%, with the most common causes being deep dermatitis (mean 0.63%), ascites (mean 0.53%), and not suitable for production/general disease (mean 0.25%). Several factors influenced the causes of condemnation, with season being the most predominant one, followed by the interaction between antibiotic treatment and season, the antibiotic treatment alone, and stocking density.
Experimental infection of high health pigs with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Lawsonia intracellularis
Authors: Hansen Mette S. , Jensen Tim K. , Hjulsager Charlotte K. , Angen Øystein , Riber Ulla , Nielsen Jens , Heegaard Peter M. H. , Larsen Lars E.
Published: October 2022

Background

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and Lawsonia intracellularis infections can cause enteritis in pigs. A Danish study showed a significantly higher probability of detecting PCV2 without concurrent L. intracellularis infection, indicating that one of these pathogens has an impact on the dynamics of the other. Therefore, a delayed co-infection model was set up, initially aiming at investigating the interaction between PCV2 and L. intracellularis in pigs challenged with PCV2 and 2 weeks later with L. intracellularis. But due to PCV2 contamination of the L. intracellularis inoculum the aim was revisited to describing the infection dynamics and pathogenesis of pigs infected with PCV2 followed by delayed simultaneous exposure to PCV2 and L. intracellularis. Twenty-four high-health piglets were divided into three groups of eight pigs (A, B, C) and inoculated at experimental day (EXD) 0 with mock (groups A and B) or PCV2 (group C), and at EXD 14 with mock (group A) or L. intracellularis/PCV2 (groups B and C). The pigs underwent daily clinical examination, and were necropsied at EXD 51–52. Furthermore, histology, immunohistochemistry, serology and PCR for PCV2 and L. intracellularis, and measurement of C-reactive protein were carried out.

Results

Group A remained negative for PCV2 and L. intracellularis. Following inoculation with L. intracellularis/PCV2, no significant differences were observed between group B and C, however pigs already infected with PCV2 (group C) showed milder clinical signs and exhibited milder intestinal lesions, less shedding of L. intracellularis and developed higher L. intracellularis antibody titers than the pigs in group B that only received the combined infection. Though the differences between group B and C were non-significant, all results pointed in the same direction, indicating that the pigs in group B were more affected by the L. intracellularis infection compared to the pigs in group C.

Conclusions

Previous exposure to PCV2 had limited impact on the subsequent exposure to a combined L. intracellularis/PCV2 inoculation. However, there was a tendency that the infection dynamics of PCV2 and development of antibodies to PCV2 and L. intracellularis were altered in pigs previously exposed to PCV2. These differences should be confirmed in further experimental trials.
Prefusion-specific antibody-derived peptides trivalently presented on DNA-nanoscaffolds as an innovative strategy against RSV entry
Authors: Issmail Leila , Möser Christin , Jäger Christian , Altattan Basma , Ramsbeck Daniel , Kleinschmidt Martin , Buchholz Mirko , Smith David , Grunwald Thomas
Published: October 2022

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children and the elderly worldwide, for which neither a vaccine nor an effective therapy is approved. The entry of RSV into the host cell is mediated by stepwise structural changes in the surface RSV fusion (RSV-F) glycoprotein. Recent progress in structural and functional studies of RSV-F glycoprotein revealed conformation-dependent neutralizing epitopes which have become attractive targets for vaccine and therapeutic development. As RSV-F is present on viral surface in a trimeric form, a trivalent binding interaction between a candidate fusion inhibitor and the respective epitopes on each of the three monomers is expected to prevent viral infection at higher potency than a monovalent or bivalent inhibitor. Here we demonstrate a novel RSV entry inhibitory approach by implementing a trimeric DNA nanostructure as a template to display up to three linear peptide moieties that simultaneously target an epitope on the surface of the prefusion RSV-F protein. In order to design synthetic binding peptides that can be coupled to the DNA nanostructure, the prefusion RSV-F-specific monoclonal antibody (D25) was selected. Complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) derived peptides underwent truncation and alanine-scanning mutagenesis analysis, followed by systematic sequence modifications using non-canonical amino acids. The most effective peptide candidate was used as a binding moiety to functionalize the DNA nanostructure. The designed DNA-peptide construct was able to block RSV infection on cells more efficiently than the monomeric peptides, however a more moderate reduction of viral load was observed in the lungs of infected mice upon intranasal application, likely due to dissociation or absorption of the underlying DNA structure by cells in the lungs. Taken together, our results point towards the inhibitory potential of a novel trimeric DNA-peptide based approach against RSV and open the possibility to apply this platform to target other viral infections.
Towards the Socio-cultural methodology of Art
Authors:   Independent Researcher, Moscow Region, Belyaev V.A.
Published: October 2022

In this article, the author offers his own approach to the analysis of art and reflection on it (calling this approach “socio-cultural methodology”). The author sets the principles of considering the phenomena of art from the point of view of socio-cultural methodology. V.M. Rozin's “cultural-psychological” concept of art is used as a specific point of repulsion. The author, conducting a critical analysis of this concept, shows how it is possible to universalize the modern, “postmodern” idea of art, taking the position of the artist and the works created by him beyond the limits of cultural conformity. The author emphasizes the need to consider the modern global-intercultural communicative space as a result of certain sociocultural processes, with their own positive and negative perspectives. The contradictions of this space will be expressed in the corresponding works of art and their relations to each other and reflection on all this.
The impact of lean technologies on the quality of educational services
Authors:   “Corporate University “Norilsk Nickel”, Shananina E.M.
Published: October 2022

The article considers how lean technologies affect the creation and implementation of educational services in the modern conditions of technological progress and limited resources as a result of the pandemic. The author describes how to create a high quality educational service using lean manufacturing tools.
Factores que inciden en la calificación que los docentes asignan a los alumnos
Authors: Pérez García José , López Ortega María de los Ángeles
Published: October 2022

El propósito de este artículo fue determinar las prácticas de evaluación que sustentan la calificación asignada por los profesores a los alumnos y que tan válida y confiable es la información que sustenta la calificación. Se utilizó como metodología el análisis documental para identificar la literatura especializada sobre los factores que influyen en  la  calificación  que  los  profesores  asignan a los alumnos. Se analizaron 27 estudios y se encontró predominio de prácticas no alineadas a los programas de estudio, calificaciones basadas en una mezcla de factores cognitivos y no cognitivos y ausencia de formación en evaluación. Se concluye que es cuestionable la confiabilidad y validez de las calificaciones asignadas por los profesores, es necesario fortalecer la literacidad en evaluación de los docentes y directivos escolares, entrenamiento en prácticas de calificación efectivas y promover la evaluación formativa.
Cyprinus carpio and Oreochromis niloticus as Biological Control Agents of the Golden Apple Snail Pomacea canaliculata - Effects of Predator Size, Prey Size and Prey Density
Authors: HALWART M.
Published: October 2022

The Golden Apple snail, Pomacea caualiculala, introduced in Asia in 1980 for farming purposes, has turned into a major pest of rice and other aquatic crops. The snail can only damage the crop when there is standing water in the field. Yet, this aquatic environment is equally suitable for raising fish - potential snail predators. To determine the impact of predation by common carp Cyprinus carpio and Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus on these snails, experiments were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions. In functional response experiments using juvenile snails <3-mm shell height (SH) as prey, C. carpio showed a distinctly stronger feeding response than 0. niloticus. When grouped into weight classes of 5, 20 and 40 g, 40-g carp consumed significantly more snails (P<0.05) than 40-g tilapia at all prey densities but the lowest. Also, at this size, C. carpio preyed upon snails reaching up to 12-nun SH whereas, for 0. niloticus, predation declined sharply when snail SH exceeded 4 mm. Results show that the common carp is a more effective snail biocontrol agent than Nile tilapia and could substantially contribute to snail biocontrol in rice.
Effect of Feeding 19-Norethisterone on Growth and Body Composition of Rohu, Labeo Rohita
Authors: GANGADHAR B.
Published: October 2022

A growth trial with fingerlings of rohu, (Labeo rohita Cyprinidae} fed on pelleted diets supplemented with 19-norethisterone at doses of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0. 75 and LO ppm was conducted over a period of 120 d. The steroid significantly improved weight gain at 0.75 ppm level of inclusion. At this dosage, specific growth rate, food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and net protein retention were also better. An increase in carcass protein and fat content and a decrease in moisture content were recorded in the steroid-fed fish. Protein digestibility of the diets also showed an improvement in steroid incorporation. The results indicate that 19-norethisterone can be used as a potent anabolic steroid to enhance growth in rohu at 0.75 ppm.
Aplikasi Pengenalan Koleksi Museum Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru Menggunakan Augmented Reality
Authors: Faznur Rakhmilawati , Rhomadhona Herfia , Herpendi Herpendi , Fathurrahmani Fathurrahmani
Published: October 2022

Museum umumnya sebagai tempat untuk menyimpan benda berharga, benda bersejarah, hingga benda langka seperti yang berkaitan dengan benda keagamaan, benda adat istiadat, sampai benda sehari-hari. Salah satu museum yang ada di Kalimantan Selatan yaitu Museum Lambung Mangkurat yang berada di Banjarbaru. Museum Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru biasanya menjadi destinasi para pelajar dalam ranagka kunjungan pembelajaran. Bagi para pelajar yang sekolahnya berdekatan dengan museum menjadi sangat mudah untuk mengunjungi Museum Lambung Mangkurat, sebaliknya bagi sekolah yang lokasinya jauh dari museum akan kesulitan karena terkendala dalam biaya dan jarak. Oleh karena itu diperlukan media yang dapat mengilustrasikan benda di Museum Lambung Mangkurat untuk membantu para pelajar. Media yang diperlukan bisa diwujudkan dengan menggunakan Aplikasi Pengenalan Koleksi Museum Lambung Mangkurat Menggunakan Augmented Reality yang bertujuan untuk mengilustrasikan benda di museum Lambung Mangkurat sehingga pelajar yang jarak sekolahnya jauh dari museum bisa mengetahui informasi mengenai koleksi yang ada di museum. Aplikasi yang dibangun akan memberi informasi mengenai koleksi museum dalam bentuk 3D beserta keterangan koleksi dengan audio sehingga akan lebih menarik dan mudah untuk dipahami.
Efektivitas Blended Learning Pada Mata Kuliah Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Budiantoro Tekad , Karolina
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan efektivitas penerapan blended learning pada mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang dilakukan pada semester genap 2020/2021. Subyek penelitian adalah 50 orang  mahasiswa Prodi Akuntansi. Data dikumpulkan dari tes hasil belajar mahasiswa. Data dianalisis dengan 3 cara yakni, (1) menganalisis secara deskriptif dari hasil rata-rata tes hasil belajar, (2) menganalisis dengan menggunakan uji-t berpasangan untuk mendeskripsikan signifikan atau tidak nya perbedaan hasil pretest dan posttest, (3) menganalisis dengan uji n-gain untuk mengetahui level efektivitasnya dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, rerata pretest adalah 13,56 dan rerata posttest adalah 77,14. Hasil sig 2 tailed dari uji-t berpasangan lebih kecil dari 0.05 sehingga ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pretest dan posttest. N-gain score adalah 0,74 yang berarti efektivitasnya memiliki kategori tinggi. Dengan demikian, disimpulkan bahwa penerapan blended learning pada mata kuliah Bahasa Indonesia efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa dengan kategori tinggi.
Intradermal Glucose 5% Injections for Mild Localized Neuropathic Pain - A New Approach to Reduce Pain Medication
Authors: Kersschot Jan
Published: October 2022

As localized neuropathic pain can seriously decrease quality of life, physicians are challenged to look for treatment modalities which are easy to apply, safe and effective. Over the last decade, isotonic glucose (or dextrose) injections have received more attention among clinicians worldwide. In this article, the focus is on the application of intradermal injections of glucose 5%. Glucopuncture is especially interesting for doctors and patients who live in remote areas where pain medications are not available, or too expensive.
Dampak Penggunaan Software Akuntansi GnuCash dalam Menyusun Laporan Keuangan Pada Pemilik Usaha di Pujasera Wisata Kuliner Jember
Authors: Gustiawan Billy Poncho , Tiara Tiara , Kantun Sri
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan dengan subjek para pemilik usaha pujasera Wisata Kuliner Jember, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penggunaan software akuntansi GnuCash dalam menyusun laporan keuangan oleh pada pemilik usaha tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan (action research) oleh Kurt Lewin, dengan siklus 4 tahap, yaitu (1) tahap diagnosing: peneliti melakukan diagnosa terkait dengan kebutuhan software akuntansi yang sesuai untuk peserta pelatihan dan membentuk forum FGD (Focused Group Discussion); (2) planning action: peneliti menyusun rencana pelatihan yang akan dilaksanakan bersama dengan informan penelitian; (3) taking action: peneliti melakukan kegiatan sesuai dengan rencana yang telah disusun sebelumnya; dan (4) evaluating action: peneliti mengevaluasi keterampilan informan yang bergabung dalam pelatihan dan menentukan penilaian sesuai dengan kriteria yang telah dibuat. Hasil dari pelatihan yang telah dilaksanakan menunjukkan bahwa keterampilan peserta telah mencapai kriteria yang diinginkan, subjek mendapatkan wawasan tentang pentingnya laporan keuangan, serta mampu untuk menyusun laporan keuangan usahanya menggunakan GnuCash. Dengan demikian subjek penelitian dapat melakukan pencatatan keuangan usahanya dengan baik dan dapat memanfaatkannya sebagai bahan evaluasi dalam mengembangkan usaha.
Tingkat Terkendali Bahasa Indonesia pada Media Luar Ruang di Kota Kendari
Authors: Karim Karim , Mando La , Iye Risman
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisisis pemakaian bahasa Indonesia pada media luar ruang berdasarkan aspek fisik, bahasa, serta mengetahui peringkat keterkendalian pemakaian bahasa Indonesiapada media luar ruang di Kota Kendari. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif . Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh media luar ruang yang berada di Kota Kendari. Adapun sampel berjumlah 70 (tujuh puluh) foto media luar ruang dari empat lembaga pemerintah (28 foto), empat lembaga pendidikan (28 foto), dua lembaga swasta (14 foto). Langkah pengumpulan data, yaitu: (a) mengumpulkan data penggunaan bahasa di ruang publik di Kota Kendari, (b) memilih tujuh puluh data yang mewakili tujuh objek pengutamaan bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan (1) penggunaan bahasa meliputi penempatan bahasa Indonesiadan bahasa asing; dan (2) kesalahan kaidah kebahasaan  terjadi pada tataran ejaan dan pilihan kata.Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesiapada media luar ruang di Kota Kendar menunjukkan wilayah yang penggunaan bahasa di ruang publiknya kurang terkendali: secara fisik terdapat bahasa campuran yaitu Bahasa Indonesiadan bahasa asing; kaidah kebahasaan baik pada struktur namun masih terdapat kesalahan pada tataran ejaan dan pilihan kata; dan tipografi kebahasaan mulai lebih baik.