bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutations in the DNA processivity factor POL30 predispose the FLO11 locus to epigenetic instability in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Sauty Safia Mahabub , Fisher Ashley , Dolson Andrew , Yankulov Krassimir
Published: November 2024

The FLO genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are repressed by heterochromatin formation, involving histone deacetylases, transcription factors and non-coding RNAs. Here, we report that mutations in the processivity factor POL30 (PCNA) that show transient derepression at the subtelomeres and the mating-type loci do not derepress FLO loci. However, deletions of the replisome stability factors RRM3 and TOF1 along with pol30 mutations induced flocculation phenotypes. The phenotypes correlated with increased expression of reporter proteins driven by the FLO11 promoter, the frequency of silent to active conversions of FLO11, and reduced expression of the regulatory long non-coding RNAs ICR1 and PWR1. Alterations in the local replication landscape of FLO11 indicate a link between defects in the fork protection complex and the stability of gene silencing. Analyses of these mutants at the subtelomeres and the HMLα locus showed a similar derepression phenotype and suggest transient instability of both active and silent states of FLO11. We conclude that RRM3 and TOF1 interact differentially with the pol30 mutations to promote transient derepression or complete epigenetic conversions of FLO11. We suggest that the interaction between POL30, RRM3 and TOF1 is essential to maintain epigenetic stability at the studied loci.
Decoding Investor Sentiments in the Indian Stock Market: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach
Authors: Ali Dr.Farman , Sayal Anu , Suri Pradeep , Chauhan Mr. Sanjay Singh , Ahmad Vasim
Published: November 2024

Background of the study This research examines how psychological and social biases affect individual investors’ investing decisions. Investor sentiment significantly influences financial markets, frequently causing stock prices to deviate from their intrinsic values. In rising economies such as India, where retail investors are significantly affected by psychological factors, comprehending these attitudes is crucial. Methods This study analyses data from a comprehensive questionnaire that was conducted throughout the nation and included 552 retail investors. The investigation employed structural equation modelling (SEM) to identify the elements that influence the decision-making of individuals who invest in the Indian stock market. Findings The research offers insight on the influence that investor attitude has on investment decision-making as well as the factors that precede it. The study demonstrates that investors make financial decisions based on sentiment. In addition to assessing the efficacy of the Indian financial market, this study sought to ascertain the rationality of investors’ choices by exploring the factors that influence their decision-making process. Conclusion The outcome of the study shows that information seeking, anchoring, herding, representativeness, and overconfidence all have a big impact on investors. Moreover, the study has proven investors’ irrationality and stock market inefficiency. The findings may be employed to further examine the trading practices of international investors and encourage further study in the field of behavioural finance.
Systematic review of mitigation approaches in Ethiopia's energy sector: Strategies for sustainable development and climate resilience
Authors: Redi Tofikk
Published: November 2024

Abstract The global energy sector is a primary contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, predominantly through fossil fuel combustion for electricity, heating, and transportation (IEA, 2021). This study systematically reviews Ethiopia’s energy sector mitigation approaches, focusing on renewable energy strategies and energy efficiency initiatives. While Ethiopia has made significant progress in hydropower, accounting for over 90% of its electricity generation, challenges remain in diversifying its energy mix to include geothermal and wind energy (Ethiopian Ministry of Water, Irrigation, and Energy (2019) and African Development Bank, 2020). The Climate Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy sets ambitious targets for achieving carbon neutrality by 2030, challenges remain in diversifying its energy mix to include geothermal and wind energy (Benti, Woldegiyorgis, et al., 2023 and Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 2011), yet its implementation faces barriers, including financial constraints, technological gaps, and weak institutional capacity (Silitonga et al., 2020). The study highlights the potential of Ethiopia’s vast renewable energy resources, such as geothermal and wind, to enhance energy security and foster economic growth through job creation. Despite the hurdles, opportunities exist for scaling up mitigation efforts, particularly through public-private partnerships and improved policy frameworks. This review underscores the importance of addressing barriers to achieve a sustainable energy transition in Ethiopia, contributing to local and global climate mitigation goals. Thus, the policymakers should boost investments in solar, wind, and geothermal energy, reduce reliance on hydropower through incentives, and establish an inter-agency task force for policy alignment. And also, exploring green bonds and fostering human capital development through training and partnerships are essential. A strong monitoring and evaluation framework is crucial for tracking progress towards energy sustainability goals.
SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE BASED ON MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF VIBRATION
Authors: Sadriev Artur G. , Shamsutdinov Danir M. , Viltsyn Stanislav A. , Nizamutdinov Malik Kh. , Ivanova Olga V.
Published: November 2024

The relevance of the topic of this study is due to the need to ensure reliable operation of vehicles and minimize the risks of interruptions in the operation of internal combustion engines (ICE). A common phenomenon in operation is misfiring, which negatively affects the efficiency of the ICE and can lead to emergencies that entail significant financial and temporary losses for commercial companies. The problem is the need to identify and prevent such malfunctions early.
The purpose of the study is to develop and test a system for monitoring and analyzing the technical condition of the internal combustion engine through vibration measurements.
Method and methodology. The work used the method of in-place diagnostics, the use of which increases efficiency of determining the technical condition of the vehicle internal combustion engine.
Results. This article describes the system developed by the authors for checking the technical condition of an internal combustion engine. As a result, software to process and record vibration and timing data has been developed in MATLAB. The study of influence of defects in mechanisms and systems of internal combustion engine on uniformity of time-amplitude characteristic of vibration pulses of each individual cylinder, which occur during operation of internal combustion engine, was carried out by calculation and experimentation.
As a key conclusion, it is noted that the developed system allows to quickly and non-invasively identify the idle cylinder or the one of which contribution to the rotational movement of the crankshaft is the least compared to others. The research makes it possible to provide diagnostics in a short time using available means.
Scope of application of the results. the research results were tested in the conditions of a service company when diagnosing the internal combustion engines of passenger cars and trucks, and can be applied by both car repair shops and car enthusiasts.
The Essence of the Concept of “The Skill of Working with Educational Information” and Pedagogical Means of Diagnostic It in Younger Schoolchildren
Authors: Nasser A.
Published: November 2024

The article reveals the essence of the concept of the skill of working with educational information and pedagogical means of monitoring it in younger schoolchildren. The main interpretations of general pedagogical categories are presented through the analysis of “skill” and “educational information”. The periodization of the process of developing the skills of a junior student with educational information is determined, and the indicators of the performance of actions with educational information by younger students on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard are also determined.
The relationship among physical activity, disease status and medical expenditure of adolescents: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yang Yi , Wu Changhong , Luo Jiong
Published: November 2024

摘要： 目的： 青少年体能衰退、体能活动不足引起的疾病等问题已成为全球性的公共卫生问题。分析青少年身体活动、疾病状况和医疗支出之间的关系，为青少年的健康促进提供信息。方法：使用 PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI 和 dimensional spectrum，使用身体活动、身体素质、医疗费用、疾病状况、健康促进和经济价值等关键词搜索 2005 年至 2023 年 4 月的研究论文。使用 PEDro 量表检查文献的质量。结果： 共纳入 27 篇论文。定期的体育锻炼可以提高促进健康的重要指标，如心肺健康和肌肉健康，延缓或减少肥胖、呼吸系统疾病、心血管疾病和精神疾病的发生，从而改善青少年的健康状况。从全民健身的经济价值来看，定期和适当的体育锻炼是减少医疗资源使用和医疗费用的有效途径。 结论： 建议通过以下途径增加青少年的体力活动量，以促进青少年的健康发展。打造物理干预、心理咨询、营养饮食多维健康促进模式。基于现代医疗技术形成健康管理和运动处方设计。建立学校、家庭、社区的联动发展机制。
Development of Physical Fitness Evaluation Criteria for Women in Compulsory Isolation for Drug Rehabilitationn in Compulsory Isolation for Drug Rehabilitation
Authors: Yang Yi , Luo Jiong
Published: November 2024

Background: The issue of physical and mental rehabilitation for drug users lacks a comprehensive and reliable system for evaluating it difficult to conduct a reasonable assessment of their physical fitness.The establishment of physical fitness evaluation criteria specifically tailored for female drug users serves as the fundamental basis for developing precise and individualized exercise prescriptions.Methods:This study used the national physical fitness test method to assess the physical fitness of female drug addicts undergoing mandatory rehabilitation. The principal component analysis method was employed to calculate the weight of each individual physical fitness test indicator, which was then combined with the indicator T score to obtain a comprehensive evaluation of the physical fitness of these individuals.On this basis, a single physical fitness index T-score scoring equation was determined for two groups of women (with and without diseases) undergoing compulsory isolation and drug rehabilitation, stratified by age (under 30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, 51-60 years old).Results: The weights of various indicators and the combined weights of secondary indicators in the physical fitness evaluation index system for female addicts undergoing compulsory isolation for detoxification have been established. Conclusion:Based on the total score calculated by combining the T-score of each individual physical fitness indicator with its corresponding weight, a comprehensive rating system with four levels - "excellent, good, qualified, and unqualified" - has been set.
Niezgodność i jej rozwiązanie
Authors: Krasowska Anna
Published: November 2024

INCONGRUITY AND ITS RESOLUTION – ON HUMOROUS (PUNCH)LINES FROM A LINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVE
The aim of the article is to discuss linguistic research on the types of incongruities and ways of resolving them in humorous texts. The author of the article tries to answer the following questions:– Is incongruity necessary to achieve a humorous effect?– Is incongruity a sufficient condition for humour?– Do humorous incongruities exist?– Is incongruity in humorous texts resolvable and to what extent?– What mechanisms underlie the resolution of humorous incongruities?For this purpose, the author refers to, among others, the assumptions of IDM, SSTH, GTVH and FR. Then, she verifies the theoretical assumptions using examples of sixteenth-century Polish jokes (based on Łukasz Górnicki’s Dworzanin polski). Most of the cited assumptions are confirmed; others (such as the possibility of distinguishing one general mechanism for resolving incongruities) are rejected.
Wybrane problemy opisu neologizmów środowiskowych w słowniku Obserwatorium Językowego Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Authors: Pędzich Barbara
Published: November 2024

SELECTED PROBLEMS OF DESCRIBING SOCIOLECTAL NEOLOGISMS IN THE DICTIONARY CREATED BY THE LANGUAGE OBSERVATORY AT THE WARSAW UNIVERSITY The article is devoted to some questions connected with lexicographic description of new sociolectal words. The selection of effective methods for this description is discussed by Obserwatorium Językowe UW (Language Observatory at the Warsaw University; Polish abbreviation: OJ UW), creating a dictionary of Polish neologisms (obserwatoriumjezykowe.uw.edu.pl). The author of the article presents the solutions developed by the OJ UW and considers such aspects as various possibilities of interpreting sociolectisms or the problem of relative neologisms. The focus is not only on the vocabulary of traditionally understood sociolects, but also on the lexis used within communities of interest.
Idee i wartości w dyskursie wspomnieniowym powstańców warszawskich (na materiale wywiadów z Archiwum Historii Mówionej Muzeum Powstania Warszawskiego)
Authors: Duda Beata , Ficek Ewa
Published: November 2024

IDEAS AND VALUES IN THE MEMOIR DISCOURSE OF THE WARSAW INSURGENTS (BASED ON INTERVIEWS AVAILABLE IN THE ORAL HISTORY ARCHIVE OF THE WARSAW UPRISING MUSEUM)
The objective of the article is to present selected lexical ways of expressing ideas and values in the memoir discourse of the Warsaw Uprising participants (more precisely: in answers to the question concerning the sense of the uprising outbreak) and, on the basis thereof, to further define the axiological system of memory in the community of our interest, which consists of: dominant, declared and desired ideas/values; anti-values; basis of valuation. The source material comprises approximately 3.400 interviews developed as part of the project entitled the Oral History Archive of the Warsaw Uprising Museum, preserved in the form of transcripts and constituting the text base of the searchable corpus. The analyses are methodologically and theoretically based on the assumptions of linguistics of memory, corpus linguistics and axiolinguistics.
W Ukrainie czy na Ukrainie?
Authors: Kudła Marcin
Published: November 2024

W UKRAINIE (IN UKRAINE) OR NA UKRAINIE (ON UKRAINE)? ON PREPOSITIONS AND TOPONYMS IN POLISH FROM A HISTORICAL AND COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE
The author of this paper discusses the usage of the preposition na (‘on’) with some country names, such as Ukraina (Ukraine), Litwa (Lithuania) and Węgry (Hungary) in Polish. The above examples are exceptions to the general rule according to which names of countries take the preposition w (‘in’) and do (‘to’) to describe, respectively, static and dynamic relations. Na, in turn, regularly occurs with names of Polish provinces. Historically, the pair w/do was used with both categories of place-names, while na was a linguistic innovation in that context. Statistical analysis of historical texts shows that its spread was gradual. Individual toponyms adopted the preposition na in different periods, reflecting the loss of their autonomy. However, following the partitions of Poland at the end of the eighteenth century, na started to be used with most Polish provinces and several foreign ones (which are currently independent states). Thus, the linguistic change was caused by a change in the perception of the terms in question, the latter being a shift from political to ethnographic terms. The mechanism itself can be best accounted for with the use of the term zooming, or change of the vantage point, which, in this case, was zoomed in.
Fleksja rzeczownika w małopolskich rotach przysiąg sądowych
Authors: Przęczek-Kisielak Sylwia
Published: November 2024

INFLECTION OF NOUNS IN THE LESSER POLAND JUDICIAL OATHS: LESSER POLAND MIDDLE ROTA – MASCULINE AND NEUTER DECLENSIONS
The author of the article reviews the declensional forms of nouns found in the oldest Middle Polish judicial oaths according to Leski’s declension system. Within each declension, subtypes were distinguished by gender, taking into account the division into hard- and soft-stem nouns. This review was limited to common nouns, excluding anthroponyms and toponyms due to the volume constraints of this study. For the same reasons, masculine and neuter declension nouns were analyzed, first presenting material suitable for each case and number, then subjecting it to formal and statistical analysis. The conducted research allowed us to conclude that, in this fragment of the inflectional system, the persistence of its fundamentals is still quite evident. The most innovative forms, however, are as follows:– acc. sg. declension -o-//-jo- (appearance of genitive forms in the accusative function in almost all animate nouns),– instr. sg. declension -o-//-jo- (new ending -em< *-ъmь from the -ŭ- declension and -‘em< *-ьmь from the -i- and -en- declensions),– loc. sg. for soft-stem nouns with almost exclusive ending -u transferred from the -ŭ- declension.
In other represented forms of inflected nouns of masculine and neuter declensions in the rotes, newer forms from the clearly expansive -ŭ- declension appeared. Variations in the distribution of endings or the process of newer and older forms rubbing against each other are illustrated by examples of parallel facultative endings, such as lista//lystu or vszitka/ vszitku in gen. sg., kmeczv//kmeczovi in dat. sg., penandzi/penandzy, grossij/groszy/grossz/grossow in gen. pl., or stawech/stawach in loc. pl.
Etnograficzne materiały archiwalne jako źródło badań pogranicznych gwar przejściowych
Authors: Konczewska Katarzyna
Published: November 2024

ETHNOGRAPHIC ARCHIVAL MATERIALS AS A SOURCE OF THE STUDY OF TRANSITIONAL BORDER DIALECTS
The paper presents materials from the Polish-Belarusian-Lithuanian borderland dating from the beginning of the 20th century, deposited in the Department of Contextual Documentation of Cultures (archive) of the Seweryn Udziela Ethnographic Museum in Krakow. Their brief review and analysis of the dialectal lexemes show the value of historical materials collected by nonprofessional linguists for research on historical multilingualism and the current sociolinguistic situation at language borders, especially on the problems of mixed, transitional, and mixed-transitional dialects. The analysis of dialect lexemes demonstrates that the manuscripts also preserved forms which are not registered in the known lexicographic sources and dialect atlases. Therefore, these materials represent a novelty in studies on the language interference at the borderland in the field of Belarusian and Polish dialects, as well as in studies of border dialects as a language system of the micro-area of the Polish-Belarusian-Lithuanian borderland.
Z badań nad słownictwem kulinarnym Krajny – eintopf
Authors: Kołatka Krzysztof
Published: November 2024

A STUDY ON KRAJNA’S CULINARY TERMS: EINTOPF
This paper aims at threefold characteristics of the sociolinguistic (concerning correlations with selected sociological parameters), formal (referring to phonetic variation) and semantic (illustrating semantic heterogeneity) properties of Krajna-derived culinary Germanism eintopf. The research material was collected through questionnaire surveys conducted in November and December 2023. 240 respondents took part in the study; they were the natives of Krajna of peasant origin with a diverse sociobiographical profile (in terms of gender, age, place of residence, education and profession). The participants represented 110 locations within three subregions: north-western Krajna (Złotów), north-eastern Krajna (Sępólno Krajeńskie), and southern Krajna (Nakło nad Notecią), which made it possible to conduct a comparative analysis.
Corruption and Stooges in Procurement
Authors: Kräkel Matthias
Published: November 2024

This paper theoretically analyzes the impact of stooges on procurement outcomes as well as optimal procurement design.
The role of advanced clinical practitioners in gastroenterology: a phenomenological perspective from practice and research
Authors: Alsararatee Hasan Hazim
Published: November 2024

This comprehensive review explores the pivotal role of advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) in gastroenterology care and the integration of phenomenological approaches in both practice and research domains. ACPs in gastroenterology play multifaceted roles encompassing clinical assessment, triage, diagnosis, treatment and patient management. By adopting a phenomenological approach in practice, ACPs can transcend traditional biomedical models, prioritise patients' lived experiences and provide personalised, holistic care. In research, phenomenological methods offer valuable insights into patients' subjective experiences, informing evidence-based practice and contributing to the advancement of gastroenterology care. Through illustrative examples and critical analysis, this review highlights the significance of integrating phenomenological approaches in enhancing patient outcomes and improving the quality of care in gastroenterology services.
A systematic review of the follow-up priorities of colorectal cancer survivors
Authors: Coughlan Claire , Alexis Obrey , Matheson Lauren , Watson Eila
Published: November 2024

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Survival has improved over recent years and CRC survivors are a growing group of patients living with and beyond a diagnosis of cancer.

Aims:

This study aims to explore the follow-up priorities of CRC survivors and to determine if all those affected by CRC have been given a voice through current literature.

Method:

A systematic integrative literature review was performed across three databases— CINAHL, Medline and PsycINFO—from 2014 to 2024. This yielded 12 papers for inclusion. Thematic analysis was undertaken with themes from each paper identified and coded. Common themes were grouped and renamed.

Results:

Six themes emerged: understanding and managing long-term effects of treatment; the importance of good information; delivery of follow-up care; ease of access to care and investigations; fear of recurrence; and the changing impact of cancer treatment. Ethnic minority groups and non-native language speakers appeared underrepresented in the included studies; only 50% of included studies made ethnicity data available. It was not possible to determine whether other groups had been included, such as members of the LGBTQ+ community, those with learning disabilities or those with mental health conditions.

Conclusions:

Survivors of CRC require access to information and support to manage the effects of treatment in the short, medium and long term to optimise their quality of life post treatment. The approach to this should be shaped to the preference and need of the individual. Colorectal cancer Clinical Nurse Specialists need to tailor practice and use their expertise to meet the needs of CRC survivors during follow-up care processes. More evidence is needed on the follow-up priorities of CRC survivors from underrepresented groups to ensure that their voices are heard and their needs addressed.
WCET ASCN UK Congress 2024: review and digest
Authors: Boyle Sean , White Maddie , Rolls Natasha , Swash Carolyn
Published: November 2024

The World Council of Enterostomal Therapists and Association of Stoma Care Nurses UK's Congress took place between 29 September – 1 October, 2024. This article presents a summary of the notable speakers and events, and includes perspectives from GIN's editor, Sean Boyle, and ASCN UK Committee members Natasha Rolls, Maddie White and Carolyn Swash, each of whom are specialist stoma nurses.
Musculoskeletal Disorders in COVID-19 Surveillance Staff Members: An Analysis of Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Coping Strategies
Authors: Zhang Huiying , Liu Yanyan , Liu Yan , Luo Yan
Published: November 2024

Aims/Background During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the COVID-19 surveillance staff members experienced an increased risk for musculoskeletal disorders. Thus, it is necessary to further investigate the causal factors stemming from COVID-19 surveillance work, especially nucleic acid testing, and establish their relationship with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) by building upon the previous research. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of WMSDs and the major risks faced by the COVID-19 surveillance staff members.

Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2022. The Quick Exposure Check (QEC), Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were used to evaluate ergonomic factors, musculoskeletal symptoms and pressure among 131 COVID-19 surveillance staff members in four hospitals in South-central Henan Province. Additionally, data regarding the coping strategies adopted by the respondents for lowing the risk of developing WMSDs were collected using a self-report questionnaire.

Results The QEC results showed that the back, neck, and should/arm of the COVID-19 surveillance staff members bore high ergonomic loads, while the wrist suffered a medium load. The neck (75.6%), shoulder (66.4%), upper back (58%), and wrist (55.7%) were at higher risk for musculoskeletal disorder. Most of the respondents claimed a low sense of achievement (124, 94.7%) and slightly less than half of them had endured emotional exhaustion at work (61, 46.6%). Prolonged period of maintaining the same posture at work, awkward bending or twisting of back side, task repetition and so on were the perceived job risk factors precipitating WMSDs among the participants in this study. The top three coping strategies for lowering the risk of WMSDs included adjusting the plinth/bed height (49.6%), utilizing different parts of the body at work (47.3%), and taking short breaks when required (33.6%).

Conclusion Prolonged large-scale nucleic acid detection can aggravate the musculoskeletal injuries of the neck, shoulder, upper back, and wrist in COVID-19 surveillance staff members. Prevention measures for musculoskeletal injuries factors must be in place to deter such incidence at work.
Comparison of Effects between Nasal Bi-Level Positive Airway Pressure and Nasal Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhang Juan
Published: November 2024

Aims/Background Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is characterized by progressive aggravation and rapid progression of respiratory distress, with a high incidence rate among premature infants. If left untreated, NRDS results in a poor prognosis. In recent years, various respiratory support modalities have received extensive attention in clinical practice. The therapeutic effect of different respiratory support modes on NRDS has gradually become the focus of clinical research. The aim of this study was to explore the therapeutic effects of nasal bi-level positive airway pressure (nBiPAP) and nasal synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (nSIMV) on NRDS.

Methods This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 157 newborns with NRDS in the Mudanjiang Medical University Affiliated Second Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023, finally including 153 cases after excluding 4 cases with missing clinical data. According to the non-invasive ventilation method, these newborns were categorized into a nBiPAP group (receiving nBiPAP treatment, n = 77) and an nSIMV group (receiving nSIMV treatment, n = 76). The blood gas indices, using time of ventilator, hospitalization time, therapeutic effects, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.

Results The PaCO2, PaO2, and pH levels in the nBiPAP group were basically consistent with those in the nSIMV group before and after treatment (p > 0.05). The use time of ventilator, hospitalization time, and therapeutic effects in the nBiPAP group were similar to those in the nSIMV group (p > 0.05). Additionally, both groups demonstrated no significant difference in the incidence of complications such as intraventricular hemorrhage, apnea, necrotizing enterocolitis, and feeding intolerance (p > 0.05). The incidence rates of ventilator-associated lung injury and neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the nBiPAP group were lower than those in the nSIMV group, with a significant difference (p < 0.05).

Conclusion Both nBiPAP and nSIMV have shown good effects in treating NRDS, with nBiPAP showing a significant advantage in reducing the incidence rates of complications such as ventilator-associated lung injury and neonatal bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Efficacy of N-Acetylcysteine as an Adjuvant Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: He Tingting , Ren Kehui , Xiang Li , Yao Huan , Huang Yucheng , Gao Yongxiang
Published: November 2024

Aims/Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is considered a potential therapeutic agent for RA due to strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of NAC as an adjuvant therapy for RA.

Methods A systematic search was conducted across five databases from inception to 1 August 2024, including CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Sensitivity analysis was performed when significant heterogeneity was identified.

Results Four studies involving 204 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The results indicated that NAC alleviated disease activity in RA patients (Disease Activity Score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR): mean difference (MD) = 0.54). Additionally, NAC reduced inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): MD = 3.00). However, the beneficial effects of NAC on oxidative stress in RA patients were not observed.

Conclusion This meta-analysis demonstrated the efficacy of NAC in reducing inflammatory markers, improving joint tenderness, and swelling in patients with RA.
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: November 2024

The latest studies on diabetes of interest to primary care clinicians, rounded up by Mark Greener
The Cass Review and its findings
Authors: Halliwell Amanda
Published: November 2024

Amanda Halliwell looks at the results of the recent review of gender identity services in the UK
Morphological and molecular variability within widespread Palearctic species Liocoris tripustulatus Fieber (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae)
Authors: NAMYATOVA ANNA A. , DZHELALI POLINA A.
Published: November 2024

The works addressing the intraspecific genetic and morphological diversity of the widespread Palearctic plant bug species on their entire distribution ranges are rare. In this study the morphological and molecular variability of Liocoris tripustulatus Fieber, 1858 was assessed. The molecular diversity was investigated based on two mitochondrial markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I or COI and 16S rRNA) and a nuclear marker (internal transcribed spacer 1 or ITS1). The genetic, haplotype and population diversity were assessed. The phylogenetic analyses and automatic species delimitation were performed to test for the possible cryptic species. The dating analysis was performed to estimate the clade divergence time. The results showed that the coloration of this species is variable, however, structures are stable, showing some variability in the right paramere shape and sclerotization of the female genitalia. The genetic diversity within the species is shallow. The phylogenetic analyses based on the mitochondrial markers show that the specimens from Georgia and Iran form a well-supported clade. In the phylogenies based on ITS1 specimens from Dagestan Republic (Northern Caucasus) are also included into this clade. The Caucasian-Iranian clade might represent a separate population or species at the early stages of its separation, which originated during the Middle Pleistocene.
First report on the prevalence of Lynxacarus radovskyi in cats in Can Tho City, Vietnam
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam, Trang Chau Thi Huyen , Trong Pham Huu ,   Falcuty of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam, Ngu Nguyen Trong ,   Faculty of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam, Lam Nguyen Thanh ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam, Khanh Nguyen Phuc ,   Falcuty of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho 900000, Vietnam, Thy Truong Anh ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh 700000, Vietnam
Published: November 2024

The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence of Lynxacarus radovskyi infestation in cats in Vietnam. This survey was conducted on 2,430 cats registered at the Center of Veterinary Clinic, Can Tho City, Vietnam from February to October 2022. Clinical findings and other influential factors such as age, sex, breed, and living conditions of cats were recorded to evaluate the potential risk factors associated with L. radovskyi infestation. The Trichogram technique was used for the microscopic identification of L. radovskyi. The results revealed that 60.25% (1,464/2,430) of cats were infested with L. radovskyi. The statistical analysis showed that L. radovskyi infestation was significantly (P<0.05) associated with several risk factors, including age, sex, and living conditions of hosts. Of 1,464 cats detected with L. radovskyi infestation, the most common clinical signs were pruritus (95.77%), followed by a dull, dry coat (92.08%) and a “salt and pepper” appearance of hair coat (76.23%). The cat’s body site harbors the mite L. radovskyi was mostly noticed in the perianal area (30.53%), followed by the hind limbs (25.48%) and the dorsal (20.22%). Thus, this present study provides the first report of L. radovskyi infestations in cats from Vietnam.
Development of multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the simultaneous detection of bovine mastitis-associated pathogens
Authors:   Research laboratory for immunity enhancement in humans and domestic animals, program of biotechnology, Faculty of science, Maejo university, Chiang Mai 50210, Thailand, Takam Pennapa , Pongjaroenkit Saengtong ,   Program of genetics, Faculty of science, Maejo university 50210, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Chitov Thararat ,   Faculty of science, Chiang Mai university 50200, Thailand, Sillapawattana Panwad ,   Program of environmental technology, Faculty of science, Maejo university, Chiang Mai 50210, Thailand, Limlenglert Parkorn ,   Faculty of veterinary medicine, Maejo university, Chiang Mai 50210, Thailand, Charerntantanakul Wasin ,   Research laboratory for immunity enhancement in humans and domestic animals, program of biotechnology, Faculty of science, Maejo university, Chiang Mai 50210, Thailand
Published: November 2024

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay was developed for the simultaneous detection of five bovine mastitis-associated pathogens including Staphylococcus simulans, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Streptococcus genus-specific group. Results showed that the optimal annealing temperature for mPCR was 58 °C. The sensitivity of mPCR to detect the least DNA template concentration was 0.625 ng. The nucleotide sequences of PCR products were identified using the NCBI database. Results showed 99.15-100% homology to the gap gene of Staphylococcus simulans, 100% homology to the peptidase gene of Staphylococcus hominis, 98.76-99.69% homology to the clumping factor A gene of Staphylococcus aureus, 99.09-99.64% homology to the CAMP factor gene of Streptococcus agalactiae, and 99.13% to the elongation factor tu gene of the Streptococcus genus-specific group. This developed mPCR technique showed potential as a rapid, specific, highly sensitive, and low-cost diagnostic tool for the simultaneous detection of bovine mastitis-associated pathogens.
Effect of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves aqueous extract supplementation on testicular seminiferous tubules and testosterone level in adult male Sprague Dawley rats
Authors:   School of Animal Science, Aquatic Science and Environment, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia, Zaidi Norahidah , Kari Asmad ,   School of Animal Science, Aquatic Science and Environment, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia, Haron Mohd Nizam ,   School of Animal Science, Aquatic Science and Environment, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia, Nasir Nurul Amalina Mohamad ,   School of Animal Science, Aquatic Science and Environment, Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), 22200 Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia
Published: November 2024

Phytochemical screening was performed on A. malaccensis leaves to assess their impact on testicular seminiferous tubule diameter (STD) and seminiferous epithelial height (SEH), as well as testosterone level in adult male Sprague Dawley rats. The study involved 24 male rats, divided into four groups: Control (C: 0 g A. malaccensis/kg body weight, n=6), Treatment 1 (T1: 1 g A. malaccensis/kg body weight, n=6), Treatment 2 (T2: 2 g A. malaccensis/kg body weight, n=6), and Treatment 3 (T3: 3 g A. malaccensis/kg body weight, n=6), respectively. The extract of A. malaccensis leaves was administered orally once daily for 28 days and the rats were euthanized on Day 29 to assess their reproductive function. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various compounds in A. malaccensis leaves, including tannins, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, and alkaloids. No significant differences were found in STD and SEH between the Control and Treated groups. A significant increase in testosterone level was observed in the T1 group (1.18 ng/mL) when compared to the C group. Incremental dosage of A. malaccensis appeared to significantly decrease testosterone level (0.92 ng/mL). No correlation was observed between the testicular seminiferous tubules and testosterone level. In conclusion, doses of 1, 2, and 3 g/kg of A. malaccensis did not appear to affect the seminiferous tubules of the testis. Specifically, 1 g/kg of A. malaccensis demonstrated potential benefits for male reproduction by elevating testosterone levels, whereas 2 and 3 g/kg exhibited potential harm by decreasing testosterone levels in male rats
The effect of tropical alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv Kacang Ratu BW) supplementation on performance, intestinal histomorphology, and nutrient digestibility in hybrid ducks
Authors:   ostgraduate Program of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, Murod Makmun ,   Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, Suwignyo Bambang ,   Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia., Ariyadi Bambang ,   Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Published: November 2024

Tropical alfalfa is a legume nutritionally complete and palatable to poultry. Hybrid ducks are aquatic birds with a higher tolerance to fiber-sourced feed than other breeds. This study aimed to determine the effects of tropical alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv Kacang Ratu BW) or KRBW supplementation on growth performance, histomorphology, and nutrient digestibility. Seventy-five hybrid ducks were used in this study. The treatments included T1 (basal feed or control), T2 (4% KRBW supplementation in basal feed), T3 (8% KRBW supplementation in basal feed), and water was provided ad libitum. The KRBW supplement was prepared in powder. Data were collected based on performance including feed intake, final body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR); digestible dry matter (DDM), digestible organic matter (DOM), digestible crude fiber (DCF), and digestible ether extract (DEE); and the histomorphology of the intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum). All data obtained in this study were analyzed using a completely randomized design. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 27 software. The results of this study showed that KRBW supplementation significantly decreased body weight gain. In contrast, control and 4% KRBW supplementation rates had no effects compared with 8% KRBW supplementation on feed consumption. However, KRBW supplementation had no significant effect on the FCR. Supplementation with 4% and 8% significantly decreased the DDM, DOM, DCF, and DEE. Furthermore, KRBW supplementation affected the histomorphology of the villi surface area in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. It could be concluded that the KRBW supplement reduced performance, intestinal histomorphology, and nutrient digestibility in hybrid ducks.
Determination of nutrient digestibility, and apparent and nitrogen-adjusted metabolizable energy of paddy rice and brown rice for Luong Phuong chicken
Authors:   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, HUTECH University, Binh Thanh district, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam, Kinh La Van , Sy Phan Van ,   Institute of Animal Sciences for Southern Vietnam, Hiep Thang, Binh Thang, Di an, Binh Duong 824179, Vietnam, Hong Loan Nguyen Vu Thuy ,   Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, HUTECH University, Binh Thanh district, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
Published: November 2024

A trial was conducted with 210 Luong Phuong cockerels to investigate the digestibility of dry matter, protein, fat, fiber, minerals, nitrogen-free extract, and metabolizable energy value of IR50404 paddy rice and brown rice in the diet. Cockerels, averaging 558 g/bird, had their ceca removed and were randomly assigned to metabolic cages, with 3 dietary treatments and 5 replicates. The diets included: a basal diet; and two experimental diets containing 20% paddy rice and 60% brown rice in the basal diet. The trial lasted 7 days, in which a 4-day adaptation and a 3-day collection. Digestibility of individual paddy rice and brown rice in the experimental diets was calculated by difference method. Results indicated that digestibility of dry matter (range 72.8-74.11%), neutral detergent fiber (64.94-69.83%) and total ash (60.23-62.54%) were not different between paddy and brown rice (P>0.05); however, the digestibility of organic matter (87.52% vs 77.55%), crude protein (79.63% vs 72.31%), ether extract (79.74% vs 64.77%) and nitrogen-free extractives (46.42% vs 35.47%) in paddy rice were lower than those in brown rice (P<0.05). Paddy rice contained higher apparent metabolizable energy (3,212 vs 2,867 kcal/kg air DM) and nitrogen-adjusted metabolizable energy (3,014 vs 2570 kcal/kg air DM) than those in brown rice. In conclusion, brown rice contains higher nutritive value than paddy rice for broiler chicken, however, two feed ingredients can be a good energy source for poultry.
Antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli originated from raw chicken meat in Vinh Long province's retail markets
Authors:   School of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City 87000, Vietnam, Thuy Nguyen Phuong , Cao Thi Quach Van ,   Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vinh Long City 89000, Vietnam
Published: November 2024

One of the bacteria that is frequently found on uncooked poultry meat is Escherichia coli (E. coli), which commonly results in food poisoning in customers. Therefore, this work was conducted to assess the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli recovered from raw chicken meat in the retail markets of Vinh Long Province. The findings revealed that the E. coli concentration in raw chicken meat at retail markets exceeds the specified standards for fresh meat. A total of forty-nine E. coli strains were obtained from retail chicken samples. On the basis of morphological and biochemical characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis, the 3 bacterial strains EP4_12, ETB_38, and EBM_45 were determined to be E. coli. The results of antibiotic susceptibility testing demonstrated that the isolated E. coli strains were susceptible to ampicillin-sulbactam, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and ceftazidime at rates of 84%, 47%, and 41%, respectively. In contrast, these bacteria were resistant to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, doxycycline, levofloxacin, streptomycin, and tetracycline at percentages of 82%, 73%, 69%, 65%, 49%, 49%, and 55%, respectively. Notably, 94% of the bacterial isolates identified in this study were multiresistant to many antibiotics (multiresistant to 3 to 10 antibiotics), of which multiresistant to six antibiotics accounted for the highest percentage (20%). Moreover, the findings also revealed that E. coli isolates were frequently exposed to antibiotics with a multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index > 0.2. Consequently, it is important to manage the spread of antibiotic-resistant E. coli in fresh chicken retail markets to protect consumer health.
Dietary effects of multi-strain probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics on growth performance, carcass characteristics, blood profiling and meat quality of broilers
Authors:   Poultry Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh, Sardar Dipankar , Afsana Sadia ,   Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh, Habib Adnan ,   Animal Health Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Dhaka-1341, Bangladesh, Hossain Taslim ,   Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna-9100, Bangladesh
Published: November 2024

The growing issue of antibiotic resistance, particularly driven by the overuse of antibiotics in poultry farming in developing countries, presents serious public health threats. This situation highlights the urgent need for alternatives that benefit both poultry and human health. Probiotics, as live microorganisms administered in proper amounts, are a promising substitute, enhancing host health without harmful residues. This study evaluated the effects of lyophilized probiotic-based starter feed versus antibiotics on the growth performance, carcass traits, serum metabolites, and meat quality of broiler chicks. As experimental feed additives, ciprofloxacin, often used in the poultry industry of developing nations, and lyophilized multi-strain probiotics (2.8×109 CFU/g) isolated from chicken intestines, included Bacillus tropicus strain MCCC 1A01406, Bacillus tequilensis strain 10b, Staphylococcus gallinarum strain VIII, Lactobacillus salivarius strain HO 66, and Staphylococcus hominis strain DM 122 were utilized. A total of 300 Cobb-500 broiler chicks were divided into four groups, each with three replicates of 25 chicks, in a completely randomized design: (1) control (basal diet), (2) basal diet + 500 mg ciprofloxacin/kg feed (T1), (3) basal diet + 250 mg probiotics/kg feed (T2), and (4) basal diet + 500 mg probiotics/kg feed (T3). Growth performance was measured manually, serum biochemicals via avian diagnostic kits, and meat composition through Kjeldahl (protein) and Soxhlet (lipid) methods. After three weeks, probiotic-fed chicks showed significant increases (P<0.05) in body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio compared to control and antibiotic groups. Serum analysis revealed increased (P<0.05) protein, calcium, and RBC levels and reduced cholesterol and uric acid. Meat from probiotic-fed groups had better (P<0.05) antioxidant properties, higher protein, and fiber, and lower fat, ash, and nitrogen-free extract levels, suggesting probiotics as a sustainable antibiotic alternative for poultry farming and public health improvement.