bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mujeres migrantes prostituidas por medio de intermediarios y de modo autónomo en Nevada, Estados Unidos
Authors: Andrade Rubio Karla Lorena , Izcara Palacios Simon Pedro , Izcara Palacios Simon Pedro
Published: August 2019

This article, based on a qualitative methodology including interviews to fifteen women from Mexico and Central America, aims to examine comparatively the situation of migrant women prostituted in Nevada in indoor prostitution, through agencies, and without intermediaries. We conclude that women transported by sex smuggling networks cannot leave employers because they are indebted to them. Paradoxically, women prostituted autonomously feel empowered, since this activity allows them to devote more time to the care of their body and earn more money than in other activities. Moreover, while the former are introduced into sexual commerce as minors, the latter enter into prostitution at higher ages.
Trump’s US-Mexico Border Agenda: An Agenda-Building Examination of Candidate-Generated Messages
Authors: Flores María de los Ángeles , Chavez Manuel
Published: August 2019

In New York City, on June 16, 2015, Donald J. Trump announced his candidacy for president of the United States. During his speech, he stated, among other things, that Mexico is no friend of the US because it is economically killing the US. At the border, Mexicans are bringing drugs, are bringing crime, they are rapists, and Mexicans have a lot of problems that they are bringing with them to the US. Also, Trump stated that Mexico is taking America’s jobs. Trump finished his talk by saying that he will build a wall on the southern border and Mexico will pay for it. From this moment on, the US-Mexico border region became the news epicenter in the nation, making the national news agenda daily throughout the 2016 presidential campaign. This paper examines Trump’s candidate-generated messages as part of his political communication strategy. The present investigation content analyzed Trump’s official website, his first 100 days contract, his political ads, and his tweets to identify Trump’s border agenda. Outcomes show that, overall, Trump presented a total of 16 issues, six of which were related to the border. The six issues were economy, foreign policy, immigration, regulations, taxes, and trade. Each of the issues were content analyzed to determine their particular issue positions regarding the border. Results documented that 27 issue positions were related to the border, two positions coming from the economy, five from foreign policy, eleven from immigration, two from regulations, four from taxes, and three from trade. Therefore, the most important issue related to the border was immigration. Its topmost recurrent issue positions were to build a wall on the border with Mexico that Mexico will pay for, to secure our borders, to stop immigrants, to stop drugs, to stop money, and to end illegal immigration to keep America safe. Overall, Trump’s most effective political communication venues to disseminate his US-Mexico border agenda to American voters was Trump’s Tweeter account and his First 100 Days Contract.
La lucha por la la vida frente al necropoder estadunidense
Authors: Estévez Ariadna
Published: August 2019

El necropoder, definido como aquel capaz de producir y administrar la muerte, tiene su expre-sión primermundista en Estados Unidos y se caracteriza por la diferenciación al momento de facilitar el uso de tecnologías para la muerte a grupos nativistas, neonazis, supremacistas, anti-inmigrantes, antiaborto, pro venta de armas, entre otros. Este artículo muestra, a partir del caso de la comunidad afroamericana, cómo ese país, liderado por Donald Trump, sustenta un necro-poder que sólo se distingue del de los Estados poscoloniales en el uso del derecho en vez de la excepción legal para crear espacios de muerte. Asimismo, se destaca el papel del movimiento #BlackLivesMatter como una vía de resistencia en favor de la vida.
Introducción
Authors: Castañeda de la Paz María , Cruz Barrio Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2019

La posesión de la tierra fue uno de los aspectos que más disputas suscitaron a lo largo de todo el periodo colonial, al ver los pueblos cómo los españoles se introducían en sus tierras, amenazando su territorio y, por ende, su identidad. La política de congregaciones tampoco fue un mal menor, por ese interés de la Corona de agrupar pequeñas estancias para constituir nuevos pueblos -con su iglesia y casas alrededor-, desde donde podían contabilizar mejor a sus tributarios, a la vez que facilitaban la labor de los frailes. Lo anterior provocó que en la Colonia fuera necesario redefinir el territorio, confirmar la presencia de una cabecera y los pueblos sujetos a ésta.
Los almacenes y la plataforma central en el conjunto amurallado Ñain an (ex Bandelier), Chan Chan, Perú
Authors: Correa-Trigoso Denis Elvis
Published: August 2019

Como resultado de las excavaciones en el área de almacenamiento del conjunto amurallado Ñain An (ex Bandelier) se logró establecer que todos los ambientes estuvieron articulados dentro de la concepción chimú de almacenaje, donde las audiencias tuvieron el papel de puntos de control y separación de los recursos y el personal que ingresaban al área. Fueron definidas las técnicas empleadas durante la construcción de los ambientes, estableciendo tres formas de depósitos y una variante de audiencia. Asimis, se comprendido que la plataforma funciono como un punto de jerarquia con asociación directa con un patio de grandes dimensiones (norte) y la segunda audiencia (sur). Finalmente se estableció que el desarrollo cultural dentro del área de almacenamiento fue cambiando según las necesidades de la población, siendo en un inicio parte del sistema administrativo estatal Chimú y culminando su uso como una zona con actividades agrícolas. 
Work–family Conflict Influences the Relationship Between Family Embeddedness and Turnover Intention
Authors: Li Dan , Li Xing , Wang Lijun , Wang Guofeng , Newton Cameron
Published: August 2019

We drew on conservation of resources theory to investigate the relationships between family embeddedness, work–family conflict, family–work conflict, and employee turnover intention, thereby extending the literature relating to antecedents of turnover intention to the family
domain. Participants were 175 employees of a construction company in China, who completed online surveys. Results showed that family embeddedness was negatively related to work–family conflict and family–work conflict, and that the relationship between family embeddedness and turnover
intention was partially mediated by family–work conflict. Thus, we have obtained preliminary evidence that family-related factors influence individuals' turnover intention. Our findings will help with identifying practical considerations around reducing turnover intention.
Physical Education Affects Adolescents' Peer Acceptance: Influence Of Gender and Motivation Climate
Authors: Shin Myoungjin , Moon Minkwon , Lee Changhyun , Kwon Sun-Yong
Published: August 2019

We examined the influence of physical education activity on peer acceptance in adolescents over time, and how this influence changes based on gender and motivation climate in class. Participants were 157 middle school freshman students (81 boys, 76 girls) at a school in South Korea.
Results of hierarchical linear modeling showed that peer acceptance among girls decreased over the 12-week period of our study, but there were no significant changes in peer acceptance among boys. Furthermore, peer acceptance decreased when boys participated in physical education activity
more diligently, but this negative relationship weakened when the class was instructed in a noncontrolling climate. However, physical education activity and class climate did not significantly affect peer acceptance among girls. The results imply that the role of physical education teachers
is important in the formation of peer acceptance at the beginning of the school year.
Cosmopolíticas Guaranis: Pistas sobre as relações entre Imagem e Alteridade
Authors: Marques Camargo Ferraz Ana Lúcia
Published: August 2019

O artigo visa reconhecer a cosmopolítica guarani e a centralidade das relações de alteridade da vida das aldeias, conformada pelo espaço do xamanismo. A partir de uma experiência etnográfica mediada pela realização de oficinas de vídeo em aldeias localizadas no Mato Grosso do Sul e no Rio de Janeiro, analiso os olhares fixados nas narrativas fílmicas de autoria dos jovens guaranis. Penso as presenças dos outros nos territórios e a abrangência da noção de alteridade para compreender as formas de sua cosmopolítica.
The Role of Trust in Information Processing: Evidence from Security Analysts
Authors: Bhagwat Vineet , Liu Xiaoding
Published: August 2019

Does an equity analyst's trust in others impact the processing of information from outside sources? We investigate this question using a measure of trust based on surveys conducted in analysts' countries of origin. We find that more trusting analysts not only react faster to management guidance and earnings announcements, they also weight information from management and other analysts more heavily than less trusting analysts. This results in a nonlinear inverted-U relationship with forecast accuracy. Analysts with low trust place too little weight on outside information, while analysts with high trust place too much weight and are, thus, both less accurate than “medium” trust analysts. This effect on accuracy is weaker for those with more on-the-job experience, indicating that analysts rely less on their cultural trust beliefs as they learn more about the quality of information sources.

JEL Classifications: M41; G17.

Data Availability: Data are available from the sources cited in the text.
The Effect of Temporary Changes and Expectations on Individuals' Decisions: Evidence from a Tax Compliance Setting
Authors: Austin Chelsea Rae , Bobek Donna D. , LaMothe Ethan G.
Published: August 2019

Based on prospect theory's value function, we predict how reference points adapt to influence individuals' tax evasion choices during and after experiencing temporary tax changes. Results from a multi-round experiment indicate reactions to temporary changes depend jointly on the direction of the change and expectations. Specifically, individuals experiencing a tax increase evade more while the increase is in effect. More interestingly, knowing, versus not knowing, a tax decrease is temporary prevents an increase in evasion after the temporary change expires, and may lead individuals to reduce evasion during the change. In a supplemental condition, we induce uncertainty by repeatedly extending a tax decrease. We find when uncertainty is introduced, both benefits of knowing the temporal nature of the decrease are lost. Overall results are consistent with individuals failing to adapt to a loss state and adapting quickly to a gain state unless they are certain the gain state is temporary.
Who Really Performs the Audit? Examining the Effects of Voluntary Disclosure of the Use of Other Auditors on Investors' Perceptions of Audit Quality
Authors: Demek Kristina C. , Kaplan Steven E. , Winn Amanda
Published: August 2019

Under Rule 29, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) requires principal auditors to disclose the extent of use of other auditors on an audit engagement. This mandatory disclosure occurs on Form AP, available on the PCAOB's website. Principal auditors may voluntarily disclose this same information in an appendix to the audit report. We experimentally examine how the joint effects of the principal auditor's extent of use of other auditors and their use of voluntary disclosure influence investors' perceptions of audit quality. Results indicate that investors perceive audit quality to be lowest when principal auditors use other auditors to a greater extent and only file the mandatory disclosure. We find voluntary disclosure in the audit report attenuates the perceived effect of using other auditors. Additionally, after a restatement, investors place no additional blame or liability on principal auditors that use other auditors to a greater extent or choose voluntary disclosure.
The Influences of CEO IT Expertise and Board-Level Technology Committees on Form 8-K Disclosure Timeliness
Authors: Haislip Jacob Z. , Karim Khondkar E. , Lin Karen Jingrong , Pinsker Robert E.
Published: August 2019

Recent research documents the improvement of Form 8-K disclosure timeliness in the post-Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) era. However, it remains unclear why disclosure timeliness overall has improved, but disclosure timeliness for certain events has not improved. We examine firms' information technology (IT) management and IT governance in order to investigate their potential positive impacts on 8-K reporting timeliness. We find that, on average, IT-expert Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) and firms with board-level technology committees file Form 8-Ks in a timelier manner. Specifically, firms with IT-expert CEOs file a half-day sooner and firms with technology committees file a full-day sooner. Additional analyses show that firms with technology committees file 8-Ks in a timelier manner than firms without technology committees, even when the events are complicated or surprising. In aggregate, our evidence suggests that IT-expert CEOs and IT expertise on the board facilitates efficient IT utilization and is associated with timely disclosure.

Data Availability: The data used are publicly available from the sources cited in the text.
The Impact of Information Security Breach Incidents on CIO Turnover
Authors: Banker Rajiv D. , Feng Cecilia (Qian)
Published: August 2019

We investigate the relationship between security breaches and chief information officer (CIO) turnover. Because CIOs are directly responsible for IT performance, we argue that their turnover likelihood is higher when they fail to meet IT performance expectations, as reflected by information security breaches. Specifically, we find that breaches caused by system deficiency increase CIO turnover likelihood by 72 percent. However, we find no such association for breaches caused by criminal fraud or human error. We extend our analyses to other executives and document that CEOs are more likely to turn over following breaches caused by both system deficiency and human error, consistent with their broader role within the firm. By contrast, we find no evidence suggesting that CFOs are more likely to turn over following breaches. The findings indicate negative labor market consequences for executives who fail to meet performance expectations within the scope of their duties.
Inflammatory Cytokines Associated With Failure of Lower-Extremity Endovascular Revascularization (LER): A Prospective Study of a Population With Diabetes
Authors: Biscetti Federico , Ferraro Pietro Manuel , Hiatt William R. , Angelini Flavia , Nardella Elisabetta , Cecchini Andrea Leonardo , Santoliquido Angelo , Pitocco Dario , Landolfi Raffaele , Flex Andrea
Published: August 2019

OBJECTIVE

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is one of the most relevant complications of diabetes. Although several pharmacological and revascularization approaches are available for treating patients with diabetes and PAD, an endovascular approach is often associated with postprocedural complications that can increase the risk for acute limb ischemia or amputation. However, no definitive molecular associations have been described that could explain the difference in outcomes after endovascular treatment in patients with diabetes, PAD, and chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We evaluated the relationship between the levels of the main cytokines associated with diabetic atherosclerosis and the outcomes after endovascular procedures in patients with diabetes, PAD, and CLTI.

RESULTS

A total of 299 patients with below-the-knee occlusive disease who were undergoing an angioplasty procedure were enrolled. The levels of key cytokines—osteoprotegerin (OPG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP)—were measured, and major adverse limb events (MALE) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were assessed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the procedure. There was a linear trend from the lowest to the highest quartile for each cytokine at baseline and incident MALE. A linear association was also observed between increasing levels of each cytokine and incident MACE. Receiver operating characteristics models were constructed using clinical and laboratory risk factors, and the inclusion of cytokines significantly improved the prediction of incident events.

CONCLUSIONS

We demonstrated that elevated OPG, TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP levels at baseline correlate with worse vascular outcomes in patients with diabetes, PAD, and CLTI undergoing an endovascular procedure.
Perceptibility and Acceptability of Surface Gloss Variations in Dentistry
Authors: Rocha RS , Fagundes TC , Caneppele TMF , Bresciani E
Published: August 2019

Objective:

To assess the visual perception of observers regarding perceptibility and acceptability of surface gloss variations of resin composites and to determine the limit of perceptibility and acceptability of gloss variations.

Methods:

Eight resin composite specimens and one human tooth specimen were fabricated. The resin specimens were polished to reach a surface gloss, in gloss units (GUs), of 10 GU, 20 GU, 30 GU, 40 GU, 50 GU, 60 GU, 70 GU, and 80 GU, and the human tooth specimen had a surface gloss of 80 GU. Sixty observers were selected to compare the surface gloss of the specimens in a light booth. For the perceptibility assessment, specimens were randomly displayed two at a time. Each observer performed a total of 144 observations. Observers answered two specific questions for determining the level and limit of perceptibility of gloss variations. The acceptability limit of gloss was determined by comparing the resin specimens with the tooth specimen. The observations were performed with dental practice scenarios (illuminant conditions, visualization field, and observers' education). Data were submitted to a nonlinear probit model and nonlinear regression estimation probit (5%).

Results:

Differences in perceptibility and acceptability were observed for surface gloss variations (ΔGU) (p<0.001). Perceptibility increased with ΔGU (10<20<30<40<50=60=70), while acceptability decreased with ΔGU (0=10>20>30>40>50>60=70). Acceptability and perceptibility limits were 6.4 GU and 35.7 GU, respectively.

Conclusions:

Perceptibility and acceptability of surface gloss are influenced by gloss variations. A variation of 6.4 GU was required for 50% of observers to notice gloss variations. Concerning acceptability, observers required a variation of 35.7 GU to consider differences in gloss not acceptable.
Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Formation and Cell Viability on Polymer-infiltrated Ceramic and Yttria-stabilized Polycrystalline Zirconium Dioxide Ceramic
Authors: Bottino MA , Pereira SMB , Amaral M , Milhan NVM , Pereira CA , Camargo SEA , Carvalho ABG , Melo RM
Published: August 2019

Objective:

The aim of this study was to investigate the biofilm formation and cell viability of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC) and an yttria-stabilized polycrystalline zirconium dioxide ceramic (Y-TZP). The null hypothesis was that there would be no difference in biofilm formation and cell viability between the materials.

Methods and Materials:

Streptococcus mutans biofilm was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy, and colony counting (colony-forming units/mL). The cell viability (fibroblasts) of both materials was measured with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium) (MTT) test. Roughness measurements were also performed.

Results:

The PIC displayed higher roughness but showed similar colony-forming units and biovolume values to those of Y-TZP. SEM showed a higher amount of adhered fibroblasts on the PIC surface on the first day and similar amounts on both materials after seven days. Moreover, the materials were biocompatible with human fibroblasts.

Conclusion:

PIC and Y-TZP are biocompatible and present the same characteristics for biofilm formation; therefore, they are indicated for indirect restorations and implant abutments.
Fluorescence-aided Composite Removal in Directly Restored Permanent Posterior Teeth
Authors: Dettwiler C , Eggmann F , Matthisson L , Meller C , Weiger R , Connert T
Published: August 2019

Aim:

The aim of this study was to quantitatively compare conventional composite removal and composite removal supported by the fluorescence-aided identification technique (FIT) regarding the completeness, selectivity, and duration of the procedure in directly restored permanent posterior teeth.

Methods and Materials:

Two operators removed standardized direct class II composite restorations (n=32 per operator) in human tooth models under simulated clinical conditions. According to a randomized allocation scheme, removal was performed with either the conventional technique (contra-angle handpiece) or supported by FIT. The duration of each removal procedure was recorded. The completeness and selectivity were volumetrically assessed through superimposition of three-dimensional surface scans. Statistical significance was tested by examining the overlap of 95% confidence intervals (CI). Multiple comparison was performed with Tukey tests for each variable.

Results:

Compared with the conventional technique, composite removal with FIT was faster (329 seconds [95% confidence interval (CI): 268-390 seconds] vs 179 seconds [95% CI: 150-208 seconds]), generated less tooth substance loss (4.53 mm3 [95% CI: 3.77-5.30 mm3] vs 2.77 mm3 [95% CI: 2.11-3.43 mm3]), and left behind less composite residue (1.58 mm3 [95% CI: 1.23-1.94 mm3] vs 0.53 mm3 [95% CI: 0.39-0.67 mm3]).

Conclusion:

Within the limitations of this in vitro study, FIT facilitated the selective and expeditious removal of tooth-colored composites in directly restored posterior teeth.
Termal Turizmin Bölgesel Kalkınmaya Etkisi: Eskişehir Uygulaması
Authors: Parlaktuna İnci , Dinçer Elis
Published: August 2019

Bölgesel kalkınma sahip olunan doğal kaynaklara bağlı
olduğu kadar bu kaynakların etkin ve verimli kullanımıyla da yakın ilişkilidir.
Bu çalışma, ‘‘Termal Turizm Master Planı” kapsamında yer alan Eskişehir’deki
doğal kaynakların termal turizm amaçlı olarak kullanımını ve kalkınma ile
ilişkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada üç bölümden oluşan soru
formu hazırlanmış ve Eskişehir’de bulunan tesis yöneticileri ile yüz yüze
görüşme yapılarak uygulanmıştır. Eskişehir termal kaynaklarının etkin kullanılmadığı,
atıl kaldığı, Termal Turizm Master Planı’nın bölge için hayata geçirilemediği
ve kalkınmasında termal kaynakların yeterli düzeyde kullanılmadığı sonucuna
ulaşılmıştır
Avaliação da produção escrita de surdos em português como segunda língua em contexto inclusivo
Authors: Ribeiro Alexandre , Ribeiro Amélia
Published: August 2019

A perspectiva inclusiva da educação escolar, adotada como política pública desde 2008, provocou uma mudança de paradigmas em relação à modalidade da língua que deve ser ensinada a surdos sinalizantes. As diferenças nas especificidades da escrita de alunos surdos e de alunos ouvintes acabam por provocar não somente resistência à proposta de educação inclusiva, mas também uma série de dúvidas sobre o processo de avaliação de surdos em contexto inclusivo e multilíngue, uma vez que, no mesmo ambiente de aprendizagem, coexistem o português escrito e a Língua Brasileira de Sinais (Libras). Considerando o distanciamento entre as especificidades linguístico-discursivas e as práticas avaliativas, propõe-se uma análise crítica sobre o processo de avaliação da produção escrita de alunos surdos. Por fim, sugerem-se critérios avaliativos coerentes com os propósitos inclusivos, aliados a parâmetros do ensino de português escrito como segunda língua para surdos.
Avaliação em contexto de línguas: conceitos teóricos e exemplos práticos em Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Schoffen Juliana
Published: August 2019

Resenha da ObraRETORTA, Miriam Sester; MAROCHI, Thaís Barbosa. Avaliação em línguas estrangeiras : da teoria à prática . Curitiba: CRV, 2018. 162 p.
Avaliação em língua estrangeira: pesquisas e avanços
Authors: Tosatti Natália
Published: August 2019

Resenha da obra:CONSOLO, Douglas Altamiro; GATTOLIN, Sandra Regina Buttros; SILVA, Vera Lúcia Teixeira da (Orgs.). Perspectivas em avaliação no ensino e na aprendizagem de línguas: pesquisas e encaminhamentos na formação e na prática docente . Campinas, SP: Pontes Editores, 2017. 264 p.
La noción de mímesis en la filosofía de Ricœur
Authors: Castillo Merlo Mariana C.
Published: August 2019

Tomando como eje la noción de mímesis aristotélica, en este trabajo me interesa mostrar que es posible distinguir los intereses que animan la reapropiación de dicha noción en la filosofía de Paul Ricœur y que, cada uno de ellos, le otorga a la mímesis un papel diferente en la construcción de la teoría de la narratividad. Siguiendo un esquema triádico, analizaré la irrupción de la mímesis en La metáfora viva (1975), Tiempo y Narración I (1983) y La memoria, la historia, el olvido (2000), en un intento por señalar la pluralidad de sentidos que confluyen en la recuperación de Ricoeur
Variedades del Antropoceno: transición de la Geología a la Filosofía de la historia
Authors: Álvarez Juan Ramón
Published: August 2019

¿Es el Antropoceno una nueva época geológica? La discusión está abierta científica y profesionalmente, lo que acentúa aún más la cuestión de su alcance cultural -teórico y práctico- difícilmente asumible bajo un único concepto que reúna todas las ramificaciones de dicha denominación. Este trabajo intenta proporcionar, desde un punto de vista filosófico, un campo semántico para «Antropoceno» que ayude a ordenar y comprender la vastísima literatura existente al día de hoy.
Reducing Metadata Leakage from Encrypted Files and Communication with PURBs
Authors: Nikitin Kirill , Barman Ludovic , Lueks Wouter , Underwood Matthew , Hubaux Jean-Pierre , Ford Bryan
Published: August 2019

Most encrypted data formats leak metadata via their plaintext headers, such as format version, encryption schemes used, number of recipients who can decrypt the data, and even the recipients’ identities. This leakage can pose security and privacy risks to users, e.g., by revealing the full membership of a group of collaborators from a single encrypted e-mail, or by enabling an eavesdropper to fingerprint the precise encryption software version and configuration the sender used.

We propose that future encrypted data formats improve security and privacy hygiene by producing Padded Uniform Random Blobs or PURBs: ciphertexts indistinguishable from random bit strings to anyone without a decryption key. A PURB’s content leaks nothing at all, even the application that created it, and is padded such that even its length leaks as little as possible.

Encoding and decoding ciphertexts with no cleartext markers presents efficiency challenges, however. We present cryptographically agile encodings enabling legitimate recipients to decrypt a PURB efficiently, even when encrypted for any number of recipients’ public keys and/or passwords, and when these public keys are from different cryptographic suites. PURBs employ Padmé, a novel padding scheme that limits information leakage via ciphertexts of maximum length M to a practical optimum of O(log log M) bits, comparable to padding to a power of two, but with lower overhead of at most 12% and decreasing with larger payloads.
Handoff All Your Privacy – A Review of Apple’s Bluetooth Low Energy Continuity Protocol
Authors: Martin Jeremy , Alpuche Douglas , Bodeman Kristina , Brown Lamont , Fenske Ellis , Foppe Lucas , Mayberry Travis , Rye Erik , Sipes Brandon , Teplov Sam
Published: August 2019

We investigate Apple’s Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Continuity protocol, designed to support interoperability and communication between iOS and macOS devices, and show that the price for this seamless experience is leakage of identifying information and behavioral data to passive adversaries. First, we reverse engineer numerous Continuity protocol message types and identify data fields that are transmitted unencrypted. We show that Continuity messages are broadcast over BLE in response to actions such as locking and unlocking a device’s screen, copying and pasting information, making and accepting phone calls, and tapping the screen while it is unlocked. Laboratory experiments reveal a significant flaw in the most recent versions of macOS that defeats BLE Media Access Control (MAC) address randomization entirely by causing the public MAC address to be broadcast. We demonstrate that the format and content of Continuity messages can be used to fingerprint the type and Operating System (OS) version of a device, as well as behaviorally profile users. Finally, we show that predictable sequence numbers in these frames can allow an adversary to track Apple devices across space and time, defeating existing anti-tracking techniques such as MAC address randomization.
A Girl Has No Name: Automated Authorship Obfuscation using Mutant-X
Authors: Mahmood Asad , Ahmad Faizan , Shafiq Zubair , Srinivasan Padmini , Zaffar Fareed
Published: August 2019

Stylometric authorship attribution aims to identify an anonymous or disputed document’s author by examining its writing style. The development of powerful machine learning based stylometric authorship attribution methods presents a serious privacy threat for individuals such as journalists and activists who wish to publish anonymously. Researchers have proposed several authorship obfuscation approaches that try to make appropriate changes (e.g. word/phrase replacements) to evade attribution while preserving semantics. Unfortunately, existing authorship obfuscation approaches are lacking because they either require some manual effort, require significant training data, or do not work for long documents. To address these limitations, we propose a genetic algorithm based random search framework called Mutant-X which can automatically obfuscate text to successfully evade attribution while keeping the semantics of the obfuscated text similar to the original text. Specifically, Mutant-X sequentially makes changes in the text using mutation and crossover techniques while being guided by a fitness function that takes into account both attribution probability and semantic relevance. While Mutant-X requires black-box knowledge of the adversary’s classifier, it does not require any additional training data and also works on documents of any length. We evaluate Mutant-X against a variety of authorship attribution methods on two different text corpora. Our results show that Mutant-X can decrease the accuracy of state-of-the-art authorship attribution methods by as much as 64% while preserving the semantics much better than existing automated authorship obfuscation approaches. While Mutant-X advances the state-of-the-art in automated authorship obfuscation, we find that it does not generalize to a stronger threat model where the adversary uses a different attribution classifier than what Mutant-X assumes. Our findings warrant the need for future research to improve the generalizability (or transferability) of automated authorship obfuscation approaches.
Var-CNN: A Data-Efficient Website Fingerprinting Attack Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Bhat Sanjit , Lu David , Kwon Albert , Devadas Srinivas
Published: August 2019

In recent years, there have been several works that use website fingerprinting techniques to enable a local adversary to determine which website a Tor user visits. While the current state-of-the-art attack, which uses deep learning, outperforms prior art with medium to large amounts of data, it attains marginal to no accuracy improvements when both use small amounts of training data. In this work, we propose Var-CNN, a website fingerprinting attack that leverages deep learning techniques along with novel insights specific to packet sequence classification. In open-world settings with large amounts of data, Var-CNN attains over 1% higher true positive rate (TPR) than state-of-the-art attacks while achieving 4× lower false positive rate (FPR). Var-CNN’s improvements are especially notable in low-data scenarios, where it reduces the FPR of prior art by 3.12% while increasing the TPR by 13%. Overall, insights used to develop Var-CNN can be applied to future deep learning based attacks, and substantially reduce the amount of training data needed to perform a successful website fingerprinting attack. This shortens the time needed for data collection and lowers the likelihood of having data staleness issues.
PENGARUH SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL, BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN TUNJANGAN KINERJA TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN ANGGARAN KEMENTERIAN KOPERASI DAN USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Simanjuntak Binsar H , Andrianto Hengki
Published: August 2019

Purpose of this research are to known that there is an influence between Internal Control System, Organization Culture and Performance Incentive to Fraud Triangle. Population in this research are Government Employee at Cooperative, Small and Medium Enterprises Ministry. We used convenience sampling, and we succeed have about 208 respondents in this research. Test results with multiple regression found that the Internal Control System and Performance Incentive did not influence to the fraud triangle and there is a negative influence Organizational Culture to the fraud triangle on budget implementation at Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs
PENGARUH TAX AVOIDANCE, CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN DENGAN STRATEGI BISNIS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Hanny Hanny , Herawaty Vinola , Hasnawati Hasnawati
Published: August 2019

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of tax avoidance, corporate governance and dividend payout ratio, with business strategy (as described in typology of Miles and Snow) as moderating variable, on company performance. Company performance is measured by return on assets. In addition, controlling variables used in this reserach are leverage, size and sales growth. Object of this research are manufacturing companies that were listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange during year 2013-2017. Sample determination is performed using purposive sampling method, of which resulted in total samples of 154 companies. The empirical results of this research shows that tax avoidance, corporate governance and dividend payout ratio are positively and significantly related with company performance measured by return on assets. Moderating (interaction) effect of business strategy decreases the association between both tax avoidance and dividend payout ratio, and company performance. Nonetheless, business strategy as moderation variable has no impact on the association between corporate governance and company performance.
PENGARUH GREEN INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL INDEX DAN PENGUNGKAPAN KEBERLANJUTAN TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN DAN NON KEUANGAN PERUSAHAAN DENGAN TRANSPARANSI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERASI
Authors: Chandra Megawati , Augustine Yvonne
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine green intellectual capital and sustainability disclosure in affecting financial and non financial firm performance with transparency as moderating variable in manufacture companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research used 188 to 213 listed manufacture companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange, selected using purposive sampling method in period 2015 to 2017.The result of the analysis indicated that green intellectual capital index had positive influence on financial firm performance and transparency could moderating positive influence sustainability disclosure to financial firm performance (ROA) and non financial firm performance. While, sustainability disclosure had no influence on financial and non financial firm performance, transparency couldn’t moderating positive influence green intellectual capital index on financial and non financial firm performance, and transparency couldn’t moderating positive influence sustainability disclosure on financial firm performance (ROE).
Association of Rotator Cuff Tear Patterns and Intramuscular Fatty Infiltration on Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Davis Derik L. , Gilotra Mohit N. , Hovis James Paul , Almardawi Ranyah , Hasan S. Ashfaq
Published: August 2019

Objective:

The impact of rotator cuff (RC) tear pattern on intramuscular fatty infiltration (FI) is not well understood. The purpose of our study is to determine if differing RC tear patterns are associated with discordant presentations of intramuscular FI.

Methods:

Fifty-one adults with full-thickness tear of the posterosuperior RC on shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were identified retrospectively. The study subjects were stratified by RC tear pattern: (1) L-shaped tear cohort, (2) crescent-/U-shaped tear cohort, and (3) complete tear cohort. Clinical information pertaining to age, sex, tear size, trauma history, and length of clinical symptoms was recorded from the institution’s picture archiving and communication system. Goutallier grade was assessed on oblique sagittal T1-weighted MRI by two orthopedic surgeons and one orthopedic resident. A musculoskeletal radiologist recorded the shape and size of full-thickness RC tears. Descriptive, correlation, and reliability analyses were performed.

Results:

The L-shaped, crescent-/U-shaped, and compete tear cohorts demonstrated significant differences pertaining to tear size (P < 0.001) and infraspinatus Goutallier grade (P = 0.024), but not supraspinatus Goutallier grade (P = 0.370). Age had strong correlation to supraspinatus Goutallier grade (rs = 0.712, P = 0.031) and infraspinatus Goutallier grade (rs = 0.712, P = 0.029) in the crescent-/U-shaped tear cohort. Tear size had strong correlation to supraspinatus Goutallier grade (rs = 0.796, P = 0.001) and infraspinatus Goutallier grade (rs = 0.793, P = 0.001) in the complete tear cohort. Moderate interobserver agreement was present for supraspinatus (kappa, 0.484) and infraspinatus (kappa, 0.427) Goutallier grade.

Conclusion:

RC tear pattern is associated with different presentations of intramuscular FI at the posterosuperior RC. Full-thickness tears involving the crescent region of the RC cuff are associated with age. Intramuscular FI is associated with RC tear size.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI DETEKSI DINI SERANGAN HAMA PADI BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Budiman Arief , Utomo Pradityo , Rahayu Sri
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The era of information technology makes all aspects of life move from conventional to computerised. In Indonesia, where the majority of the population make a living as farmers have applied information technology to solve several problems. One of the issues faced by farmers is a pest attack on rice plants. As a result of pest attacks, farmers' crops become less than optimal. In this study, developed an Android-based application can be used to detect early attacks of rice pests. Development of Android-based rice pest attack applications using the Build And Fix method. The Build and Fix method choose because it is considered suitable for developing applications that are not too large. As for testing applications using the Black Box method. By using the Build And Fix method, an early detection application for Android-based rice pest attacks has been successfully created. The system built has an application capability level of 100% after being tested using the Black Box method.

Keywords : Rice, Farmer, Pest, Android-Based Application

 

Abstrak. Era teknologi informasi membuat semua aspek kehidupan beralih dari konvensional ke komputerisasi. Di Indonesia yang mayoritas penduduknya bermata pencaharian sebagai petani telah menerapkan teknologi informasi dalam menyelesaikan beberapa permasalahan. Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi petani adalah serangan hama terhadap tanaman padi. Akibat serangan hama, hasil panen petani menjadi kurang maksimal. Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan sebuah aplikasi berbasis android yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi dini serangan hama padi. Pengembangan aplikasi serangan hama padi berbasis android menggunakan metode Build And Fix. Metode Build and Fix dipilih karena dianggap cocok untuk pengembangan aplikasi yang tidak terlalu besar. Sedangkan untuk pengujian aplikasi menggunakan metode Black Box. Dengan menggunakan metode pengembangan sistem Build And Fix, telah berhasil dibuat aplikasi deteksi dini serangan hama padi berbasis android. Sistem yang dibangun memiliki tingkat kemampuan aplikasi sebesar 100% setelah diuji menggunakan metode Black Box.

Kata Kunci: Padi, Petani, Hama, Aplikasi Berbasis Android
UPAYA PEMBINAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM RANGKA PENGEMBANGAN DESA EKOWISATA DI DUSUN MENDIRO, DESA PANGLUNGAN, KECAMATAN WONOSALAM, KABUPATEN JOMBANG
Authors: Satrya I Dewa Gde , Kaihatu Thomas Stefanus , Pranata Lexi
Published: August 2019

Abstarct. The problems faced by the Mendiro village community are the function of protected forests, hunting of birds, timber theft / bamboo shoots, river pollution, logging in springs and the transfer of land ownership owned by people outside Wonosalam. The purpose of community service is to provide knowledge and skills to the hamlet of Mendiro Village and Panglungan Village to create a village of residence to become an ecotourism village. Over time, found collaboration of agro-tourism products which is the development of the potential that exists in the field. Service is carried out using participatory counseling methods followed by demonstrations and practices. The training activities are carried out intensively from February to August 2018 at the Panglungan Village Hall and at the residents' houses which are used as Tourist Information Centers. The activity begins with the provision of materials on the principles of ecotourism and community-based tourism, and is continued with comprehensive material to create an ecotourism village, starting with the provision of local culinary delights to making homestays. The conclusion of this dedication activity shows that the residents have high motivation to make their home village become an ecotourism village in order to overcome a number of problems listed above.

 

Keywords: ecotourism, agro-tourism, community-based tourism

 

 

Abstrak. Masalah yang dihadapi masyarakat Desa Mendiro adalah fungsi hutan lindung, perburuan burung satwa, pencurian kayu/rebung, pencemaran sungai, penebangan di area mata air dan alih kepemilikan lahan milik orang di luar Wonosalam. Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah untuk memberi pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada masyarakat Dusun Mendiro dan Desa Panglungan untuk menciptakan desa tempat tinggal menjadi desa ekowisata. Pengabdian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penyuluhan partisipatif yang diikuti dengan demonstrasi dan praktik. Kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan secara intensif sejak bulan Februari sampai Agustus 2018 bertempat di Balai Desa Panglungan dan di rumah warga yang dijadikan Tourist Information Centre. Kegiatan diawali dengan pemberian materi tentang prinsip-prinsip ekowisata dan pariwisata berbasis masyarakat, dan dilanjutkan dengan materi yang komprehensif untuk menciptakan desa ekowisata, mulai penyediaan kuliner lokal hingga pembuatan homestay. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa para warga memiliki motivasi yang tinggi untuk menjadikan desa tempat tinggal mereka menjadi desa ekowisata guna mengatasi sejumlah permasalahan yang tertera di atas.

 

Kata kunci: Ekowisata, Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat
PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI PENDIDIK PAUD MELALUI DIKLAT KOMPETENSI SOSIAL
Authors: Lestariningrum Anik , Prastihastari W Intan , Iswantiningtyas Veny , Yulianto Dema , Lailiyah Nur , Kuntjojo Kuntjojo
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The objectives to be achieved through this activity are developing the competence of PAUD educators especially their social competencies. This is done in relation to the amount of input from PAUD educators who have difficulties in dealing with the work environment, communicating with colleagues as well as student guardians regarding the presence of PAUD educators who are considered young and have just graduated. The method that will be used in this activity is in the form of training, where participants will be provided with knowledge and learn to practice indicators that hold on to social competence. The training was held for 2 days, this was intended to enable participants to absorb knowledge and implement indicators of social competence through direct practice and independent assignments. Training results were analyzed by questionnaire showing very effective results of 3003, effective 2310, ineffective 1617, and very ineffective 924. Based on the results of the questionnaire calculation the total value was 3212 so it can be said that the implementation of training was very effective. In addition, there were many participants who wrote their suggestions and hopes so that the educator's competency training activities continued continuously.

 

Abstrak. Tujuan yang akan dicapai melalui kegiatan ini yaitu mengembangkan kompetensi pendidik PAUD khususnya kompetensi sosialnya. Hal ini dilakukan terkait banyaknya masukan dari pendidik PAUD yang mengalami kesulitanm dalam hal berhubungan dengan lingkungan kerja, berkomunikasi dengan sejawat juga dengan wali murid terkait adanya pendidik PAUD yang dianggap masih muda dan baru lulus sarjana. Metode yang akan digunakan dalam kegiatan ini berupa diklat dimana peserta akan dibekali pengetahuan dan belajar mempraktekan indikator yang ada berpegangan dengan kompetensi sosial.  Diklat ini dilaksanakan selama 2 hari, hal ini dimaksudkan agar peserta mampu menyerap pengetahuan dan mengimplementasikan indikator kompetensi sosial melalui praktek langsung serta tugas mandiri. Hasil diklat dianalisis dengan angket menunjukkan hasil sangat efektif 3003, efektif 2310, tidak efektif 1617, dan sangat tidak efektif 924. Berdasarkan hasil penghitungan angket nilai total sebesar 3212 sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa pelaksanaan diklat sangat efektif. Selain itu banyaknya peserta yang menuliskan saran serta harapannya supaya kegiatan diklat kompetensi pendidik terus dilakukan secara kontinyu.
A death calls from unsafe heights. a study of factors influencing the outcome of surgically treated pediatric head trauma patients in baghdad
Authors: Ghazwan Alwan Lafta  , Ali Adnan Dolachee  , Alyaa Khalid Al-Zubaidi  , Samer S. Hoz
Published: August 2019

Pediatric head injury accounts for a large number of admissions in emergency rooms, it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children over 1 year of age. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of surgically treated pediatric patients with head trauma in Baghdad. Patients and methods : This prospective cross sectional study was conducted in neurosurgery hospital in Baghdad including fifty two patients of pediatric age group from 1 year to 14 years old with surgically operated head trauma, in the period from 1/10/2014 till 1/10/2015. All the patients were received; examined and managed properly and followed up till 6 months after surgery. The outcome was truly affected by the mechanism of injury (p=0.001), falls from heights was the most common mechanism and it was significantly related to mortality, it also increased the rate of disability, while it had no significance regarding a good functional recovery. There were associated orthopedic injuries which also affected the outcome significantly (p=0.01) increasing the mortality and disability. The outcome was truly affected by pediatric coma scale (p=0.001), functional recovery was increased with higher score and mortality increased with lower score, and disability increased in both severe and moderate scores. Pediatric trauma score had a significant effect on the outcome (p=0.001), in score (less than 0) it increased the mortality, in score(0-5) morbidity was increased. Falls from heights are the most common mechanism of pediatric head trauma and greatly affect the outcome. Concomitant orthopedic injuries are associated with poor outcome. pediatric coma scale, pediatric trauma score are significant tools in predicting outcome.