bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Schmidt Number on Turbulent Mass Transfer Around a Rotating Circular Cylinder
Authors: Yoon Dong-Hyeog , Yang Kyung-Soo , Bremhorst Klaus
Published: August 2011

Characteristics of turbulent mass transfer around a rotating circular cylinder have been investigated by Direct Numerical Simulation. The concentration field was computed for three different cases of Schmidt number, Sc = 1, 10 and 100 at ReR* = 336. Our results confirm that the thickness of the Nernst diffusion layer decreases as Sc increases. Wall-limiting behavior within the diffusion layer was examined and compared with that of channel flow. Concentration fluctuation time scale was found to scale with r+2, while the time scale ratio nearly equals the Schmidt number throughout the diffusion layer. Scalar modeling closure constants based on gradient diffusion models were found to vary considerably within the diffusion layer. Results of an octant analysis show the significant role played by the ejection and sweep events just as is found for flat plate, channel, and pipe flow boundary layers. Turbulence budgets revealed a strong Sc dependence of turbulent scalar transport.
Dynamical response of polarizable nanoparticles to a rotating electric field
Authors: Robles P. , Claro F. , Rojas R.
Published: August 2011

We discuss the transfer of angular momentum from light to classical nanoparticles. An optical torque is induced by a circularly polarized beam, causing the object to rotate. The effect depends on absorption and geometry in such a way that an isotropic dissipationless object is not affected by the external field. Under constant illumination an asymmetric object may rotate uniformly if the light intensity exceeds a minimum value, below which the object executes a rocking motion. These findings are applied to a bioparticle with spheroidal symmetry.
A graduate program for high school physics and physical science teachers
Authors: Hestenes David , Megowan-Romanowicz Colleen , Osborn Popp Sharon E. , Jackson Jane , Culbertson Robert J.
Published: August 2011

The Modeling Instruction Program at Arizona State University has demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of a university-based graduate program dedicated to professional development of in-service physics teachers. The program culminates in a Master of Natural Science degree, although not all students in the program are degree candidates. The findings draw from nine years of experience in developing, implementing, and evaluating the effects of the program (2001–2009).
EPR, Bell, and quantum locality
Authors: Griffiths Robert B.
Published: August 2011

Maudlin has claimed that no local theory can reproduce the predictions of standard quantum mechanics that violate Bell’s inequality for Bohm’s version (two spin-half particles in a singlet state) of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen problem. It is argued that, on the contrary, standard quantum mechanics itself is a counterexample to Maudlin’s claim, because it is local in the appropriate sense (measurements at one place do not influence what occurs elsewhere there) when formulated using consistent principles in place of the inconsistent appeals to “measurement” found in current textbooks. This argument sheds light on the claim of Blaylock that counterfactual definiteness is an essential ingredient in derivations of Bell’s inequality.
How bell reasoned: A reply to Griffiths
Authors: Maudlin Tim
Published: August 2011

Robert Griffiths claims that the consistent histories approach to quantum theory recovers all of the predictions of standard quantum theory and retains the principle of locality, contrary to Bell’s theorem. Griffiths locates the flaw in Bell’s reasoning in his use of standard logic. According to Griffiths, quantum theory requires us to adopt new rules for reasoning, which he calls quantum reasoning. I review the structure of the standard logical connectives and the proof that reasoning by standard logic is always valid. Griffiths’s novel logical “rule,” which is claimed to expose Bell’s error, serves rather only to obscure the fact that the theory Griffiths proposes is inconsistent and hence cannot be correct.
Recombination in IS
26
and Tn
2
in the Evolution of Multiresistance Regions Carrying
bla
CTX-M-15
on Conjugative IncF Plasmids from Escherichia coli
Authors: Partridge Sally R. , Zong Zhiyong , Iredell Jonathan R.
Published: August 2011

CTX-M-15 now appears to be the dominant extended-spectrum β-lactamase worldwide, and a number of different factors may contribute to this success. These include associations between
bla
CTX-M-15
and particular plasmids (IncF) and/or strains, such as
Escherichia coli
ST131, as well as the genetic contexts in which this gene is found. We previously identified
bla
CTX-M-15
as the dominant ESBL gene in the western Sydney area, Australia, and found that it was carried mainly on IncF or IncI1 plasmids. Here, we have mapped the multiresistance regions of the 11 conjugative plasmids with one or more IncF replicons obtained from that survey and conducted a limited comparison of plasmid backbones. Two plasmids with only an IncFII replicon appear to be very similar to the published plasmids pC15-1a and pEK516. The remaining nine plasmids, with multiple IncF replicons, have multiresistance regions related to those of pC15-1a and pEK516, but eight contain additional modules previously found in resistance plasmids from different geographic locations that carry a variety of different resistance genes. Differences between the multiresistance regions are largely due to IS
26
-mediated deletions, insertions, and/or rearrangements, which can explain the observed variable associations between
bla
CTX-M-15
and certain other resistance genes. We found no evidence of independent movement of
bla
CTX-M-15
or of a large multiresistance region between different plasmid backbones. Instead, homologous recombination between common components, such as IS
26
and Tn
2
, appeared to be more important in creating new multiresistance regions, and this may be coupled with recombination in plasmid backbones to reassort multiple IncF replicons as well as components of multiresistance regions.
Cethromycin-Mediated Protection against the Plague Pathogen Yersinia pestis in a Rat Model of Infection and Comparison with Levofloxacin
Authors: Rosenzweig Jason A. , Brackman Sheri M. , Kirtley Michelle L. , Sha Jian , Erova Tatiana E. , Yeager Linsey A. , Peterson Johnny W. , Xu Ze-Qi , Chopra Ashok K.
Published: August 2011

The Gram-negative plague bacterium,
Yersinia pestis
, has historically been regarded as one of the deadliest pathogens known to mankind, having caused three major pandemics. After being transmitted by the bite of an infected flea arthropod vector,
Y. pestis
can cause three forms of human plague: bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic, with the latter two having very high mortality rates. With increased threats of bioterrorism, it is likely that a multidrug-resistant
Y. pestis
strain would be employed, and, as such, conventional antibiotics typically used to treat
Y. pestis
(e.g., streptomycin, tetracycline, and gentamicin) would be ineffective. In this study, cethromycin (a ketolide antibiotic which inhibits bacterial protein synthesis and is currently in clinical trials for respiratory tract infections) was evaluated for antiplague activity in a rat model of pneumonic infection and compared with levofloxacin, which operates via inhibition of bacterial topoisomerase and DNA gyrase. Following a respiratory challenge of 24 to 30 times the 50% lethal dose of the highly virulent
Y. pestis
CO92 strain, 70 mg of cethromycin per kg of body weight (orally administered twice daily 24 h postinfection for a period of 7 days) provided complete protection to animals against mortality without any toxic effects. Further, no detectable plague bacilli were cultured from infected animals' blood and spleens following cethromycin treatment. The antibiotic was most effective when administered to rats 24 h postinfection, as the animals succumbed to infection if treatment was further delayed. All cethromycin-treated survivors tolerated 2 subsequent exposures to even higher lethal
Y. pestis
doses without further antibiotic treatment, which was related, in part, to the development of specific antibodies to the capsular and low-calcium-response V antigens of
Y. pestis
. These data demonstrate that cethromycin is a potent antiplague drug that can be used to treat pneumonic plague.
Plasma and Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Cefazolin in Patients Undergoing Elective and Semielective Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Open Repair Surgery
Authors: Douglas Alexandra , Udy Andrew A. , Wallis Steven C. , Jarrett Paul , Stuart Janine , Lassig-Smith Melissa , Deans Renae , Roberts Michael S. , Taraporewalla Kersi , Jenkins Jason , Medley Gregory , Lipman Jeffrey , Roberts Jason A.
Published: August 2011

Surgical site infections are common, so effective antibiotic concentrations at the sites of infection, i.e., in the interstitial fluid (ISF), are required. The aim of this study was to evaluate contemporary perioperative prophylactic dosing of cefazolin by determining plasma and subcutaneous ISF concentrations in patients undergoing elective/semielective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) open repair surgery. This was a prospective pharmacokinetic study in a tertiary referral hospital. Cefazolin (2 g) was administered as a 3-min slow bolus 30 min prior to incision in 12 enrolled patients undergoing elective/semielective AAA open repair surgery. Serial blood, urine, and ISF (via microdialysis) samples were collected and analyzed using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Cardiac output was determined using pulse waveform contours with Vigileo. The recruited patients had a median (interquartile range) age of 70 (66 to 76) years and weight of 88 (81 to 95) kg. The median (interquartile range) terminal volume of distribution was 0.14 (0.11 to 0.15) liter/kg, total clearance was 0.05 (0.03 to 0.06) liter/h, and minimum observed unbound concentration was 5.7 (5.4 to 8.1) mg/liter. The penetration of unbound drug from plasma to ISF was 85% (78% to 106%). We found correlations present, albeit weak, between cefazolin clearance and cardiac output (
r
2
= 0.11) and urinary creatinine clearance (
r
2
= 0.12). In conclusion, we found that a single 2-g dose of cefazolin administered 30 min before incision provides plasma and ISF concentrations in excess of the likely MICs for susceptible pathogens in patients undergoing AAA open repair surgery.
The Iron-Responsive Fur/RyhB Regulatory Cascade Modulates the Shigella Outer Membrane Protease IcsP
Authors: Africa Lia A. A. , Murphy Erin R. , Egan Nicholas R. , Wigley Amanda F. , Wing Helen J.
Published: August 2011

Actin-based motility is central to the pathogenicity of the intracellular bacterial pathogen
Shigella
. Two
Shigella
outer membrane proteins, IcsA and IcsP, are required for efficient actin-based motility in the host cell cytoplasm, and the genes encoding both proteins are carried on the large virulence plasmid. IcsA triggers actin polymerization on the surface of the bacterium, leading to the formation of an actin tail that allows both intra- and intercellular spread. IcsP, an outer membrane protease, modulates the amount and distribution of the IcsA protein on the bacterial surface through proteolytic cleavage of IcsA. Transcription of
icsP
is increased in the presence of VirB, a DNA-binding protein that positively regulates many genes carried on the large virulence plasmid. In
Shigella dysenteriae
, the small regulatory RNA RyhB, which is a member of the iron-responsive Fur regulon, suppresses several virulence-associated phenotypes by downregulating levels of
virB
in response to iron limitation. Here we show that the Fur/RyhB regulatory pathway downregulates IcsP levels in response to low iron concentrations in
Shigella flexneri
and that this occurs at the level of transcription through the RyhB-dependent regulation of VirB. These observations demonstrate that in
Shigella
species the Fur/RyhB regulatory pathway provides a mechanism to finely tune the expression of
icsP
in response to the low concentrations of free iron predicted to be encountered within colonic epithelial cells.
Tobacco Smoking Affects Bacterial Acquisition and Colonization in Oral Biofilms
Authors: Kumar Purnima S. , Matthews Chad R. , Joshi Vinayak , de Jager Marko , Aspiras Marcelo
Published: August 2011

Recent evidence suggests that smoking affects the composition of the disease-associated subgingival biofilm, yet little is known about its effects during the formation of this biofilm. The present investigation was undertaken to examine the contributions of smoking to the composition and proinflammatory characteristics of the biofilm during
de novo
plaque formation. Marginal and subgingival plaque and gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from 15 current smokers and from 15 individuals who had never smoked (nonsmokers) following 1, 2, 4, and 7 days of undisturbed plaque formation. 16S rRNA gene cloning and sequencing were used for bacterial identification, and multiplex bead-based flow cytometry was used to quantify the levels of 27 immune mediators. Smokers demonstrated a highly diverse, relatively unstable initial colonization of both marginal and subgingival biofilms, with lower niche saturation than that seen in nonsmokers. Periodontal pathogens belonging to the genera
Fusobacterium
,
Cardiobacterium
,
Synergistes
, and
Selenomonas
, as well as respiratory pathogens belonging to the genera
Haemophilus
and
Pseudomonas
, colonized the early biofilms of smokers and continued to persist over the observation period, suggesting that smoking favors early acquisition and colonization of pathogens in oral biofilms. Smokers also demonstrated an early proinflammatory response to this colonization, which persisted over 7 days. Further, a positive correlation between proinflammatory cytokine levels and commensal bacteria was observed in smokers but not in nonsmokers. Taken together, the data suggest that smoking influences both the composition of the nascent biofilm and the host response to this colonization.
Ehrlichia chaffeensis TRP120 Binds a G+C-Rich Motif in Host Cell DNA and Exhibits Eukaryotic Transcriptional Activator Function
Authors: Zhu Bing , Kuriakose Jeeba A. , Luo Tian , Ballesteros Efren , Gupta Sharu , Fofanov Yuriy , McBride Jere W.
Published: August 2011

Ehrlichia chaffeensis
is an obligately intracellular bacterium that modulates host cell gene transcription in the mononuclear phagocyte, but the host gene targets and mechanisms involved in transcriptional modulation are not well-defined. In this study, we identified a novel tandem repeat DNA-binding domain in the
E. chaffeensis
120-kDa tandem repeat protein (TRP120) that directly binds host cell DNA. TRP120 was observed by immunofluorescent microscopy in the nucleus of
E. chaffeensis
-infected host cells and was detected in nuclear extracts by Western immunoblotting with TRP120-specific antibody. The TRP120 binding sites and associated host cell target genes were identified using high-throughput deep sequencing (Illumina) of immunoprecipitated DNA (chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput DNA sequencing). Multiple em motif elicitation (MEME) analysis of the most highly enriched TRP120-bound sequences revealed a G+C-rich DNA motif, and recombinant TRP120 specifically bound synthetic oligonucleotides containing the motif. TRP120 target gene binding sites were mapped most frequently to intersecting regions (intron/exon; 49%) but were also identified in upstream regulatory regions (25%) and downstream locations (26%). Genes targeted by TRP120 were most frequently associated with transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, and apoptosis. TRP120 targeted inflammatory chemokine genes, CCL2, CCL20, and CXCL11, which were strongly upregulated during
E. chaffeensis
infection and were also upregulated by direct transfection with recombinant TRP120. This study reveals that TRP120 is a novel DNA-binding protein that is involved in a host gene transcriptional regulation strategy.
Republished review: Cataract and cognitive impairment: a review of the literature
Authors: Jefferis J M , Mosimann U P , Clarke M P
Published: August 2011

Acquired cataract and cognitive impairment are both common age-related problems, and ophthalmologists are increasingly likely to encounter patients who have both. Patients with dementia types who display early visuoperceptual impairment may present first to ophthalmology services. When these patients have coexisting cataract, it may be difficult to distinguish visual complaints due to cataract from those due to dementia. The interaction between visual impairment due to cataract and neurodegenerative disorders affecting the central visual pathways, is not fully understood. Visual impairment due to cataract may stress impaired attentional mechanisms and cataract extraction may improve cognitive performance in some patients with early cognitive impairment; however, the benefits of cataract surgery in established dementia are less clear. In this study, the literature on this subject was reviewed and the implications for practice were considered.
A NEW LATTICE MODEL OF TRAFFIC FLOW WITH THE CONSIDERATION OF THE HONK EFFECT
Authors: PENG GUANGHAN , CAI XINHUA , LIU CHANGQING , CAO BINFANG
Published: August 2011

In this paper, a new lattice model is presented with the consideration of the honk effect. The stability condition is obtained by the linear stability analysis. The modified Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation is derived to describe the phase transition of traffic flow through nonlinear analysis. The space is divided into three regions: the stable region, the metastable region and the unstable region, respectively. And numerical simulation is carried out to validate the analytic results. The results implied that the honk effect could stabilize traffic flow and suppress the traffic jam in lattice model of traffic flow.
DIFFUSENESS OF WOODS–AXON POTENTIAL AND SUB-BARRIER FUSION
Authors: SINGH MANJEET , DUHAN SUKHVINDER S. , KHARAB RAJESH
Published: August 2011

We have proposed an energy-dependent parametrization scheme for determining the diffuseness parameter of Woods–Saxon potential which when used in conjunction with the coupled channel code CCFULL explains very well the fusion excitation function data around the barrier for various systems.
CHIRAL ANOMALY EFFECTS AND THE BABAR MEASUREMENTS OF THE γγ* → π0 TRANSITION FORM-FACTOR
Authors: PHAM T. N. , PHAM X. Y.
Published: August 2011

The recent BaBar measurements of the γγ*→π0 transition form-factor show spectacular deviation from perturbative QCD prediction for large spacelike Q2 up to 34 GeV2. When plotted against Q2, Q2F(Q2) shows steady increase with Q2 in contrast with the flat Q2 behavior predicted by perturbative QCD, and at 34 GeV2 is more than 50% larger than the QCD prediction. Stimulated by the BaBar measurements, we revisit our previous paper on the cancellation of anomaly effects in high energy processes Z0→π0γ, e+e- → π0γ and apply our results to the γ*γ→π0 transition form-factor measured in the e+e- → e+e-π0 process with one highly virtual photon. We find that, the transition form-factor F(Q2) behaves as [Formula: see text] and produces a striking agreement with the BaBar data for Q2F(Q2) with m = 132 MeV which also reproduces very well the CLEO data at lower Q2.
AN ADAPTIVE NUMERICAL STRATEGY FOR THE MEDIUM-FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF HELMHOLTZ'S PROBLEM
Authors: RIOU HERVÉ , LADEVÈZE PIERRE , SOURCIS BENJAMIN , FAVERJON BÉATRICE , KOVALEVSKY LOUIS
Published: August 2011

The variational theory of complex rays (VTCR) is a wave-based predictive numerical tool for medium-frequency problems. In order to describe the dynamic field variables within the substructures, this approach uses wave shape functions which are exact solutions of the governing differential equation. The discretized parameters are the number of substructures (h) and the number of wavebands (p) which describe the amplitude portraits. Its capability to produce an accurate solution with only a few degrees of freedom and the absence of pollution error make the VTCR a suitable numerical strategy for the analysis of vibration problems in the medium-frequency range. This approach has been developed for structural and acoustic vibration problems. In this paper, an error indicator which characterizes the accuracy of the solution is introduced and is used to define an adaptive version of the VTCR. Numerical illustrations are given.
RANDOM COPYING IN SPACE
Authors: BLYTHE RICHARD A.
Published: August 2011

Random copying is a simple model for population dynamics in the absence of selection, and has been applied to both biological and cultural evolution. In this work, we investigate the effect that spatial structure has on the dynamics. We focus in particular on how a measure of the diversity in the population changes over time. We show that even when the vast majority of a population's history may be well-described by a spatially-unstructured model, spatial structure may nevertheless affect the expected level of diversity seen at a local scale. We demonstrate this phenomenon explicitly by examining the random copying process on small-world networks, and use our results to comment on the use of simple random-copying models in an empirical context.
OVERVIEW OF CHARMONIUM DECAYS AND PRODUCTION FROM NON-RELATIVISTIC QCD
Authors: SOTO JOAN
Published: August 2011

I briefly review Non-Relativistic QCD and related effective theories, and discuss applications to heavy quarkonium decay, and production in electron-positron colliders.
DOUBLE CHARMONIUM PRODUCTION FROM B FACTORIES
Authors: PAKHLOV PAVEL
Published: August 2011

Intensive study of double charmonium production at B-factories has led to the considerable theoretical progress in understanding of charmonia production. In addition, double charmonium production process has served to search for new states.
PROSPECT OF D0 MIXING AND CPV AT LHCb
Authors:   On behalf of the LHCb collaboration., SPRADLIN PATRICK
Published: August 2011

Precision measurements in charm physics offer a window into a unique sector of potential New Physics interactions. LHCb is poised to become a world leading experiment for charm studies, recording enormous statistics with a detector tailored for flavor physics. This article presents recent charm CPV and mixing studies from LHCb, including LHCb's first CP asymmetry measurement with 37 pb-1 of data collected in 2010. The difference of the CP asymmetries of D 0 decays to the K - K + and π-π+ final states is determined to be [Formula: see text]. Significant updates to the material presented at the 4th International Workshop on Charm Physics are included.
QUANTUM-CORRELATED MEASUREMENTS RELATED TO THE DETERMINATION OF γ/ϕ3
Authors:   on Behalf of the CLEO Collaboration, LIBBY J.
Published: August 2011

Measurements of D0 meson strong-phase parameters in quantum-correlated [Formula: see text] decays by the CLEO collaboration are presented. These measurements play an important role in the determination of the unitarity triangle angle γ/ϕ3 from B-meson decays. Measurements of the strong-phase parameters for D0 → K0π+π-, D0 → K0 K+ K-, D0 → K- π+ π0, and D0 → K- π+ π+ π- decays are described along with their impact on the determination of γ/ϕ3.
CP VIOLATION IN THE D0 → π+π- DECAY AT CDF
Authors: MORELLO MICHAEL JOSEPH
Published: August 2011

We report a measurement of the CP violating asymmetry in D0 → π+π- decays using approximately 215,000 decays reconstructed in about 5.94 fb-1 of CDF data. We use the strong D⋆+ → D0π+ decay ("D⋆ tag") to identify the flavor of the charmed meson at production time and exploit CP-conserving strong [Formula: see text] pair-production in [Formula: see text] collisions. Higher statistic samples of Cabibbo-favored D0 → K-π+ decays with and without D⋆ tag are used to highly suppress systematic uncertainties due to detector effects. The result, ACP(D0 → π+π-) = [0.22 ± 0.24 (stat.) ± 0.11 (syst.)]%, is the world's most precise measurement to date and it is fully consistent with no CP violation.
RECENT RESULTS ON LIGHT HADRON SPECTROSCOPY AT BESIII
Authors:   for the BESIII Collaboration, CHEN Y.
Published: August 2011

Several measurements on light hadron spectroscopy have been achieved with Beijing Spectrometry III (BESIII). BESII results such as a near threshold enhancement on the [Formula: see text] invariants mass spectrum namely X(1860) and a resonance X(1835) have been confirmed with 225 million J/ψ data accumulated from June 12, 2009 to July 28, 2009. Along with some other preliminary BESIII results including observations of X(1870), X(2120) and X(2370); the first direct measurement of a0(980)/f0(980) mixing; and an improved measurement on the matrix element of decay η′ → ππη have been reported at the 4th international workshop on charm physics.
MEASUREMENT OF $\mathcal{B}(J/\psi\to \eta_{{\rm c}}\gamma)$ AT KEDR
Authors:   for KEDR collaboration: For a complete list of authors see our arXiv E-print 1012.1694., MALYSHEV V. M.
Published: August 2011

We present a study of the inclusive photon spectrum from 6.3 million J/ψ decays collected with the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M e+e- collider. We measure the branching fraction of the radiative decay J/ψ → ηcγ, ηc width and mass. Taking into account an asymmetric photon line shape we obtain: Mηc = (2978.1 ± 1.4 ± 2.0) MeV/c2, Γηc = (43.5 ± 5.4 ± 15.8) MeV, [Formula: see text].
OPEN CHARM ANALYSIS ON THE FIRST PP COLLISIONS AT $\sqrt{s} = 7~{\rm TeV}$ WITH ALICE
Authors:   For the ALICE collaboration, ORTONA GIACOMO
Published: August 2011

A Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE) is one of the four large experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), and the one dedicated to ultra relativistic heavy ion collisions, aiming at investigating the properties of the high-density state of QCD matter produced in such events. ALICE started to collect data in proton-proton collisions at the LHC at CERN in November 2009 (with a centre of mass energy [Formula: see text]). Since March 2010 data are being recorded at an energy of [Formula: see text] while from November 7 to December 6 LHC provided Pb-Pb collisions at an energy of [Formula: see text] per nucleon-nucleon pair.

In Pb-Pb collisions heavy quarks are regarded as sensitive probes of the interaction dynamics between the parton and medium produced in the collisions, and the energies available at LHC will allow to study the production of heavy flavours with high statistics. Proton-proton data will be used to measure the heavy flavours production cross section to compare with perturbative QCD calculations in an unexplored energy domain and they will provide the reference for the study of Pb-Pb collisions. After a description of the ALICE experiment focused on its heavy flavour related performance, the status of the first analysis on charm production, measured by reconstructing the decays of D0, D+, D*+, and Ds into hadronic and semi-leptonic channels will be presented. An outlook of the same measurements for the upcoming Pb-Pb run will also be discussed.
PROPERTIES OF X(3872) AS A HADRONIC MOLECULE WITH A NEGATIVE PARITY
Authors: HARADA MASAYASU , MA YONG-LIANG
Published: August 2011

We discuss the possible interpretation of X(3872) as a DD* hadronic molecule with JPC = 2-+. Using the phenomenological Lagrangian approach, we studied its radiative and strong decay properties. We find that our model with about 97.6% isospin zero component explains the existing data nicely. We predict the partial widths of the radiative and strong decays of X(3872) and show that the measurement of the ratio [Formula: see text] may signal the nature of X(3872).
RECENT RESULTS FROM CHARMONIUM DECAYS AT BESIII
Authors:   for the BESIII Collaboration, WANG LIANGLIANG
Published: August 2011

With 106 million ψ′ data collected by BESIII, many new results on charmonium decays are delivered. This proceeding introduces the recent results from BESIII on this subject, including the evidence for ψ′ → γπ0/η, the branching ratio of χcJ → 4π0, the studies of χcJ → γϕ/ρ0/ω and χcJ → ωω/ϕϕ/ωϕ.
RECENT RESULTS ON CHARMONIUM DECAYS AT CLEO-c
Authors: MITCHELL R. E.
Published: August 2011

The CLEO-c Experiment has made several recent contributions to the study of charmonium decays. This review briefly outlines the CLEO-c analyses of charmonium that were completed or made public during 2010. Special attention is given to the discovery of the process e+ e- → π+ π- hc at a center of mass energy of 4170 MeV.
CHARM 2010: EXPERIMENT SUMMARY AND FUTURE CHARM FACILITIES
Authors: APPEL JEFFREY A.
Published: August 2011

The CHARM 2010 meeting had over 30 presentations of experimental results, plus additional future facilities talks just before this summary talk. Since there is not enough time even to summarize all that has been shown from experiments and to recognize all the memorable plots and results, this summary will give a few personal observations, an overview at a fairly high level of abstraction.
ON DETERMINING THE NUMBER OF SPIKES IN A HIGH-DIMENSIONAL SPIKED POPULATION MODEL
Authors: PASSEMIER DAMIEN , YAO JIAN-FENG
Published: August 2011

In a spiked population model, the population covariance matrix has all its eigenvalues equal to units except for a few fixed eigenvalues (spikes). Determining the number of spikes is a fundamental problem which appears in many scientific fields, including signal processing (linear mixture model) or economics (factor model). Several recent papers studied the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix (sample eigenvalues) when the dimension of the observations and the sample size both grow to infinity so that their ratio converges to a positive constant. Using these results, we propose a new estimator based on the difference between two consecutive sample eigenvalues.
PDEs SATISFIED BY EXTREME EIGENVALUES DISTRIBUTIONS OF GUE AND LUE
Authors: BASOR ESTELLE , CHEN YANG , ZHANG LUN
Published: August 2011

In this paper we study, Prob (n, a, b), the probability that all the eigenvalues of finite n unitary ensembles lie in the interval (a, b). This is identical to the probability that the largest eigenvalue is less than b and the smallest eigenvalue is greater than a. It is shown that a quantity allied to Prob (n, a, b), namely, [Formula: see text] in the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) and [Formula: see text], in the Laguerre Unitary Ensemble (LUE) satisfy certain nonlinear partial differential equations for fixed n, interpreting Hn(a, b) as a function of a and b. These partial differential equations may be considered as two variable generalizations of a Painlevé IV and a Painlevé V system, respectively. As an application of our result, we give an analytic proof that the extreme eigenvalues of the GUE and the LUE, when suitably centered and scaled, are asymptotically independent.
Parallel Robot Translational Performance Evaluation through Direction-Selective Index (DSI)
Authors: Boschetti G. , Rosa R. , Trevisani A.
Published: August 2011

Performance indexes usually provide global evaluations of robot performances mixing their translational and/or rotational capabilities. This paper proposes a definition of performance index, called direction-selective index (DSI), which has been specifically developed for parallel manipulators and can provide uncoupled evaluations of robot translational capabilities along relevant directions. The DSI formulation is first presented within a general framework, highlighting its relationship with traditional manipulability definitions, and then applied to a family of parallel manipulators (4-RUU) of industrial interest. The investigation is both numerical and experimental and allows highlighting the two chief advantages of the proposed DSIs over more conventional manipulability indexes: not only are DSIs more accurate in predicting the workspace regions where manipulators can best perform translational movements along specific directions, but also they allow foreseeing satisfactorily the dynamic performance variations within the workspace, though being purely kinematic indexes. The experiments have been carried out on an instrumented 4-RUU commercial robot.
N-Acetylcysteine Supplementation Controls Total Antioxidant Capacity, Creatine Kinase, Lactate, and Tumor Necrotic Factor-Alpha against Oxidative Stress Induced by Graded Exercise in Sedentary Men
Authors: Leelarungrayub Donrawee , Khansuwan Raphiphat , Pothongsunun Prapas , Klaphajone Jakkrit
Published: August 2011

Aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of short-term (7 days) N-acetylcysteine (NAC) at 1,200 mg daily supplementation on muscle fatigue, maximal oxygen uptake (), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lactate, creatine kinase (CK), and tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-α). Twenty-nine sedentary men (13 controls; 16 in the supplement group) from a randomized control were included. At before and after supplementation, fatigue index (FI) was evaluated in the quadriceps muscle, and performed a graded exercise treadmill test to induce oxidative stress, and as a measure of . Blood samples were taken before exercise and 20 minutes after it at before and after supplementation, to determine TAC, CK, lactate, and TNF-αlevels. Results showed that FI and increased significantly in the supplement group. After exercise decreased the levels of TAC and increased lactate, CK, and TNF-αof both groups at before supplementation. After supplementation, lactate, CK, and TNF-αlevels significantly increased and TAC decreased after exercise in the control group. Whereas the TAC and lactate levels did not change significantly, but CK and TNF-αincreased significantly in the supplement group. Therefore, this results showed that NAC improved the muscle fatigue, , maintained TAC, controlled lactate production, but had no influence on CK and TNF-α.
Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Unusual Presentation of Prostate Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Cetin Bulent , Cetin Zeynep , Buyukberber Suleyman , Gonul Ipek Isık , Sahiner Ilgin , Coskun Ugur , Benekli Mustafa
Published: August 2011

Generalized lymphadenopathy is a rare manifestation of metastatic prostate cancer. Here, we report the case of a 59-year-old male patient with supraclavicular, mediastinal, hilar, and retroperitoneal and inguinal lymphadenopathy, which suggested the diagnosis of lymphoma. There were no urinary symptoms. A biopsy of the inguinal lymph node was compatible with adenocarcinoma, whose prostatic origin was shown by immunohistochemical staining with PSA. The origin of the primary tumor was confirmed by directed prostate biopsy. We emphasize that a suspicion of prostate cancer in men with adenocarcinoma of undetermined origin is important for an adequate diagnostic and therapeutic approach.
A High‐Resolution Resistive Probe for Nonlinear Analysis of Two‐Phase Flows
Authors: Cantelli L. , Fichera A. , Pagano A.
Published: August 2011

Two‐phase flow dynamics are highly complex, due to the strong coupling of various independent mechanisms and as demonstrated by the existence of a variety of flow patterns. The adoption of appropriate tools for nonlinear time series analysis tools may lead to a deeper insight in this complexity but requires high quality time series.
This study describes a procedure appositely assessed in order to realise an impedance void fraction sensor of resistive type characterised by high‐spatial and ‐temporal resolution. These characteristics have been accomplished through an appropriate geometrical design of the probe electrodes, aiming at obtaining a thin measurement volume so to improve the probe spatial resolution, and through the
electronic assessment of the data acquisition system, improving its temporal resolution. A new calibration procedure has been also defined, based on an estimation of void fraction through a code for automatic extraction of bubble contours and the correction of image distortions.
Synchrotron X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study of Self‐Assembled Nanoparticles Synthesized from Fe(acac)3 and Pt(acac)2
Authors: Chokprasombat K. , Sirisathitkul C. , Harding P. , Chandarak S. , Yimnirun R.
Published: August 2011

The synchrotron X‐ray absorption technique was used to complement electron microscopy in the investigation of nanoparticles synthesized from the coreduction of iron acetylacetonate, Fe(acac)3 and platinum acetylacetonate, Pt(acac)2. A much higher Pt composition than Fe leads to an extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectrum for the sample that differs from that of fcc FePt nanoparticles. Most importantly, X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure (XANES) spectra clearly indicate the existence of α‐Fe2O3 and Pt metal. Since these monodisperse nanoparticles have a diameter of around 4 nm and tend to self‐assemble into hexagonal arrangements, they can be modeled as Pt‐rich cores with an α‐Fe2O3 shell stabilized by organic surfactants.
Estrogen and Visceral Nociception at the Level of Primary Sensory Neurons
Authors: Chaban Victor
Published: August 2011

Clinical studies suggest the comorbidity of functional pain syndromes such as irritable bowel syndrome, painful bladder syndrome, chronic pelvic pain, and somatoform disorders approaches 40% to 60%. The incidence of episodic or persistent visceral pain associated with these “functional” disorders is two to three times higher in women than in men. One of the possible explanations for this phenomenon is estrogen modulation of viscerovisceral cross-sensitization. While a central site of this modulation has been shown previously, our studies suggest a peripheral site, the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Estrogens have remarkably wide range of functions including modulation of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and purinoreceptors (P2Xs). Significantly, inflammation dramatically alters purinoception by causing a several fold increase in ATP-activated current, alters the voltage dependence of P2X receptors, and enhances the expression of P2X receptors increasing neuronal hypersensitivity. Gonadal hormones are thought as indispensable cornerstones of the normal development and function, but it appears that no body region, no neuronal circuit, and virtually no cell is unaffected by them. Thus, increasing awareness toward estrogens appears to be obligatory.
Glioblastoma Angiogenesis and Tumor Cell Invasiveness Are Differentially Regulated by β8 Integrin
Authors: Tchaicha Jeremy H. , Reyes Steve B. , Shin Jaekyung , Hossain Mohammad G. , Lang Frederick F. , McCarty Joseph H.
Published: August 2011

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive brain tumor that develops florid microvascular proliferation and hemorrhage. However, mechanisms that favor invasion versus angiogenesis in this setting remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we show that integrin β8 is an essential regulator of both GBM-induced angiogenesis and tumor cell invasiveness. Highly angiogenic and poorly invasive tumors expressed low levels of β8 integrin, whereas highly invasive tumors with limited neovascularization expressed high levels of β8 integrin. Manipulating β8 integrin protein levels altered the angiogenic and invasive growth properties of GBMs, in part, reflected by a diminished activation of latent TGFβs, which are extracellular matrix protein ligands for β8 integrin. Taken together, these results establish a role for β8 integrin in differential control of angiogenesis versus tumor cell invasion in GBM. Our findings suggest that inhibiting β8 integrin or TGFβ signaling may diminish tumor cell invasiveness during malignant progression and following antivascular therapies. Cancer Res; 71(20); 6371–81. ©2011 AACR.
A Novel Kinase Inhibitor of FADD Phosphorylation Chemosensitizes through the Inhibition of NF-κB
Authors: Schinske Katrina A. , Nyati Shyam , Khan Amjad P. , Williams Terence M. , Johnson Timothy D. , Ross Brian D. , Pérez Tomás Ricardo , Rehemtulla Alnawaz
Published: August 2011

Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) is a cytosolic adapter protein essential for mediating death receptor–induced apoptosis. It has also been implicated in a number of nonapoptotic activities including embryogenesis, cell-cycle progression, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis. Our recent studies have shown that high levels of phosphorylated FADD (p-FADD) in tumor cells correlate with increased activation of the antiapoptotic transcription factor NF-κB and is a biomarker for aggressive disease and poor clinical outcome. These findings suggest that inhibition of FADD phosphorylation is a viable target for cancer therapy. A high-throughput screen using a cell-based assay for monitoring FADD-kinase activity identified NSC 47147 as a small molecule inhibitor of FADD phosphorylation. The compound was evaluated in live cells and mouse tumors for its efficacy as an inhibitor of FADD-kinase activity through the inhibition of casein kinase 1α. NSC 47147 was shown to decrease levels of p-FADD and NF-κB activity such that combination therapy leads to greater induction of apoptosis and enhanced tumor control than either agent alone. The studies described here show the utility of bioluminescent cell–based assays for the identification of active compounds and the validation of drug–target interaction in a living subject. In addition, the presented results provide proof-of-principle studies as to the validity of targeting FADD-kinase activity as a novel cancer therapy strategy. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(10); 1807–17. ©2011 AACR.
Digitoxin-Induced Cytotoxicity in Cancer Cells Is Mediated through Distinct Kinase and Interferon Signaling Networks
Authors: Prassas Ioannis , Karagiannis George S. , Batruch Ihor , Dimitromanolakis Apostolos , Datti Alessandro , Diamandis Eleftherios P.
Published: August 2011

Cardiac glycosides (e.g., digoxin, digitoxin) constitute a diverse family of plant-derived sodium pump inhibitors that have been in clinical use for the treatment of heart-related diseases (congestive heart failure, atrial arrhythmia) for many years. Recently though, accumulating in vitro and in vivo evidence highlight potential anticancer properties of these compounds. Despite the fact that members of this family have advanced to clinical trial testing in cancer therapeutics, their cytotoxic mechanism is not yet elucidated. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic properties of cardiac glycosides against a panel of pancreatic cancer cell lines, explored their apoptotic mechanism, and characterized the kinetics of cell death induced by these drugs. Furthermore, we deployed a high-throughput kinome screening approach and identified several kinases of the Na-K-ATPase-mediated signal transduction circuitry (epidermal growth factor receptor, Src, pkC, and mitogen-activated protein kinases) as important mediators downstream of cardiac glycoside cytotoxic action. To further extend our knowledge on their mode of action, we used mass-spectrometry–based quantitative proteomics (stable isotope labeling of amino acids in cell culture) coupled with bioinformatics to capture large-scale protein perturbations induced by a physiological dose of digitoxin in BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells and identified members of the interferon family as key regulators of the main protein/protein interactions downstream of digitoxin action. Hence, our findings provide more in-depth information regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac glycoside-induced cytotoxicity. Mol Cancer Ther; 10(11); 2083–93. ©2011 AACR.
Long-Term Health Status in Benign External Hydrocephalus
Authors: Yew Andrew Y. , Maher Cormac O. , Muraszko Karin M. , Garton Hugh J.L.
Published: August 2011

Purpose: Benign external hydrocephalus (BEH) is characterized by excess cerebrospinal fluid in the frontal subarachnoid spaces in infants evaluated for macrocephaly. We sought to describe the natural history of this disorder, specifically its clinical presentation, disease course and long-term health status impact using the validated, disease-specific Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire (HOQ). Methods: An inception cohort of children >5 and <18 years old, with a history of BEH was assembled by ICD-9 and a key word search of medical and radiology records. Review confirmed the diagnosis of BEH, excluded major medical comorbidities and assessed presentation, radiographic features and head size/growth velocity. The HOQ was administered by mail. Results: We identified 99 patients, 5–12 years old (55% males). Twenty were born prematurely, 12 with <33 weeks gestation. Children presented at an average age of 9 ± 4.8 months (mean ± SD). The presenting complaint was macrocephaly in 65 cases. Other presenting findings were positional head shape deformity and torticollis; 10% had a family history of macrocephaly. Developmental delay was present in 21% of patients (4% verbal, 20% gross motor, 4% fine motor delay). Four patients had small subdural hematomas, none with suspicion of a non-accidental trauma. During clinical reassessment over a mean follow-up of 13 months, the average head percentile was stable and none of the patients developed new subdural hematomas. Gross motor delay resolved in 15/20 and fine motor delay in 4/4 patients. Verbal delay resolved in 2/4 patients, but interestingly, was newly detected in 6 other children. None of the patients required cerebrospinal fluid shunting. The response rate to the HOQ was 25% (median age 7 years, 74% females). The average overall HOQ score was 0.75 ± 0.24 versus 0.68 ± 0.19 for a previously published cohort of shunted hydrocephalic children. Conclusions: BEH patients in this series generally saw resolution of presenting motor developmental delays; however, new verbal delays were detected in a non-trivial number of patients. Quality of life measurements suggest some reduction in health status, but less so than is seen with shunted hydrocephalus.
Treatment-Related Morbidity in Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor: Multifocal Necrotizing Leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Hasan A. , Palumbo M. , Atkinson J. , Carret A.S. , Farmer J.-P. , Montes J. , Albrecht S. , Saint-Martin C. , Freeman C.R.
Published: August 2011

Background: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is an aggressive malignant brain tumor that, since it was first identified, has been treated with aggressive treatment regimens, e.g. high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue and early radiotherapy. We reviewed our experience because of concerns with respect to treatment-related toxicity in our patients. Methods: Seven patients with a median age at presentation of 18 months were diagnosed with AT/RT between 1996 and 2006. Tumor location was supratentorial in 2 patients, in the posterior fossa in 4 and spinal in 1. Gross total resection was performed in 1 patient, subtotal resection in 5 and biopsy only in 1. Adjuvant treatment consisted of chemotherapy and radiotherapy in 5 patients. Results: Median progression-free survival was 4 months, and median overall survival was 7 months. Two children are alive at 44 and 102 months. Significant surgical and chemotherapy-related morbidity was seen. Biopsy-proven multifocal necrotizing leukoencephalopathy (MNL) was seen in one patient who is alive 44 months after diagnosis. Another patient who was thought to have recurrent tumor in the brainstem 9 months after diagnosis had imaging findings compatible with MNL. Conclusion: Although improving results are reported for AT/RT using intensive treatment regimens, treatment-related morbidity is considerable in this young patient population.