bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supercapacitor/Battery hybrid Powered Electric Bicycle via a Smart Boost Converter
Authors: Manoj E. , Isa Dino , Arelhi Roselina
Published: May 2018

This work implements a smart boost converter to enable an electric bicycle to be powered by a battery/supercapacitor hybrid combination. A 36V, 250W front hub motor was retrofitted onto a normal geared bike powered by a 36V; 12Ah lithium ion phosphate battery pack. A 16.2V, 58F supercapacitor module was connected in parallel to the battery pack via a custom made microcontroller-based boost converter which arbitrates power between the battery and supercapacitor. The control algorithm for the boost converter was developed using a practical approach by using various sensor inputs (battery/supercapacitor current and voltage, bike speed) and comparing the robustness of control scheme. Also energy efficient components were used in designing the boost converter to ensure maximum power transfer efficiency.Based on the implemented system experimental results show an improvement in the up-hill acceleration of the bicycle as a direct result of the boost converter being responsive enough to harvest the extra current from the high power complementary supercapacitor module avoiding deep discharges from the battery. This enhanced battery life. The maximum speed remained unchanged while the improvement in range per charge was subjective to the terrain i.e. flat land; not significant improvement, hilly terrain; significant. However, recharging the supercapacitor via regenerative braking proved to be an arduous task since the boost converter was not designed to be bi-directional. Copyright Form of EVS25.
Entering a New Stage of Learning from the U.S. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Demonstration Project
Authors: Wipke Keith , Sprik Sam , Kurtz Jennifer , Garbak John
Published: May 2018

The National Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Learning Demonstration is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) project that started in 2004. The purpose of this project is to conduct an integrated field validation that simultaneously examines the performance of fuel cell vehicles and the supporting hydrogen infrastructure. The DOE’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has now analyzed data from over five years of the seven-year project. During this time, over 144 fuel cell electric vehicles have been deployed, and 23 project refueling stations were placed in use. We have analyzed data from over 430,000 individual vehicle trips covering 2,500,000 miles traveled and over 130,000 kg hydrogen produced or dispensed. During 2010, two of the four project teams will be concluding their involvement in the project, and the other two are continuing. Thus we will be able to focus our analysis efforts on a smaller number of vehicles and stations and enter into a new stage of learning for this project. This will allow us to dig deeper into the data to provide additional technical value to the two remaining teams as they improve their systems’ technical performance in preparation for pre-commercial launch of larger fleets of vehicles in California and New York. It will also give us an opportunity to gather data and analyze performance of improved vehicles compared to those that have been previously demonstrated, since these vehicles are one step closer to commercially available customer vehicles.
Generation of stochastic load profiles for mobile energy storages
Authors: Litzlbauer Markus
Published: May 2018

The rapid growth of the power demand in the transport sector results in a dramatic increase of carbon dioxide emissions. This is only one of many reasons why alternative drive concepts, especially electric mobility, have never been more in focus than today.A future change from combustion engines to electrical drives leads to additional loads, which gives rise to the necessity to take corrective measures in the energy supply sector. In order to be able to scrutinize the impacts on the power grid, a model has been developed with the help of the software MATLAB to generate stochastic load profiles for electric vehicles. The model exclusively deals with electric vehicles with lithium ion batteries. All parameters originate from the transport statistics of the motorized individual traffic in Austria. In the end the calculated outcome of a driving profile mix for 100 battery powered electric vehicles is consolidated into a total load profile. The resulting implications of some uncontrolled and controlled charging scenarios are discussed. As a consequence of the assumption that most charging processes take place in residential areas, a comparison of the overall load profiles with standardized load profiles for regular households is carried out.If the charging processes are started immediately after the respective arrivals at home without being controlled, this will result in a rise of the evening load peak. It is shown that by means of several load cycles per day - provided the expansion of the charging infrastructure - this negative effect is limited. Anyway, the overall goal is a well controlled consumer-oriented charging process in order to shift the energy consumption to the night load depression. For this purpose several scenarios are elaborated and its advantages and drawbacks are described. Finally various approaches for the implementation of the highlighted scenarios are presented.
SIM-Drive-About the efficient electric vehicle spread strategy by open source method-
Authors: Shiiki Mamoru , Shimizu Hiroshi
Published: May 2018

This proposal describes new electric vehicles (EVs), whose development has been led by SIM-Drive Corporation. Presently, Dr.Hiroshi Shimizu(President of SIM-Drive Corporation) has completed eight prototype vehicles; he is now developing the next prototype that is comparable to the current models of EVs that are available on the market.The development technique is a open source method.
MULTI-LEVEL OPTIMIZATION OF AN AUTOMOTIVE CLOSED-LOOP SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK WITH INTERACTIVE FUZZY PROGRAMMING APPROACHES
Authors: YILDIZBAŞI Abdullah , ÇALIK Ahmet , PAKSOY Turan , ZANJİRANİ FARAHANİ Reza , WEBER Gerhard-Wilhelm
Published: May 2018

Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) management has attained appreciable attention over the last few years. CLSC management allows companies to manage their recovery and recycling activities of end products. Due to the latest developments in the world, producers are responsible for the collection, refurbishing, repairing and disassembly of end products at the end of their lives. This paper develops a mixed-integer CLSC model that is inspired by the automotive industry. In this model, we consider three Decision Makers (DM): Plant, Dismantler Center and Customer. Each DM has individual objectives and is responsible for only its own objective function under same constraints. In order to tackle the trade-offs among the objectives, we used four different Interac-tive Fuzzy Programming (IFP) approaches. The applications of the model and solution techniques are investigated in conjectural data. The paper ends with a conclusion and a call for future studies.
Scientific reuse of open biodiversity information from national Living Atlases infrastructures: Using ALA4R for reproducible research studies
Authors: Skyttner Markus , Johansson Veronika , Shah Manash
Published: May 2018

During the last few years, a large number of countries have deployed national customized versions of The Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) (https://www.ala.org.au/), which is a collaboratively developed, open infrastructure for collecting and presenting biodiversity data nationally and for sharing it globally through GBIF (https://gbif.org).

The increasing number of national nodes deploying this free and open source software platform has built a worldwide community involving more than 17 countries, that collaborate openly in a decentralized way (https://living-atlases.gbif.org/), helping each other out by organizing technical workshops and by developing and sharing new software modules using GitHub.

One of these modules in the Living Atlases infrastructure is an R package called ALA4R originally created by Ben Raymond (https://github.com/AtlasOfLivingAustralia/ALA4R). It provides the research community with programmatic data access to many of the Living Atlases data services using R.

This presentation will show how ALA4R can be used to access data from different national Living Atlases nodes and how this R package can enable research studies that utilize methods and practices for reproducible workflows that are being increasingly established within the research community (https://www.britishecologicalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/guide-to-reproducible-code.pdf).
Service-based information extraction from herbarium specimens
Authors: Reimeier Fabian , Röpert Dominik , Güntsch Anton , Kirchhoff Agnes , Berendsohn Walter G.
Published: May 2018

On herbarium sheets, data elements such as plant name, collection site, collector, barcode and accession number are found mostly on labels glued to the sheet. The data are thus visible on specimen images. With continuously improving technologies for collection mass-digitisation it has become easier and easier to produce high quality images of herbarium sheets and in the last few years herbarium collections worldwide have started to digitize specimens on an industrial scale (Tegelberg et al. 2014). To use the label data contained in these massive numbers of images, they have to be captured and databased. Currently, manual data entry prevails and forms the principal cost and time limitation in the digitization process. The StanDAP-Herb Project has developed a standard process for (semi-) automatic detection of data on herbarium sheets. This is a formal extensible workflow integrating a wide range of automated specimen image analysis services, used to replace time-consuming manual data input as far as possible. We have created web-services for OCR (Optical Character Recognition); for identifying regions of interest in specimen images and for the context-sensitive extraction of information from text recognized by OCR. We implemented the workflow as an extension of the OpenRefine platform (Verborgh and De Wilde 2013).
The Living Atlases community in action: the NBN Atlas Spatial Portal and “Explore Your Region” module
Authors: dos Remedios Nick , Lecoq Marie-Elise , Martin David , Ratcliffe Sophia
Published: May 2018

Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) (https://www.ala.org.au/) is the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) node of Australia. Since 2010, they have developed and improved a platform for sharing and exploring biodiversity information. All the modules are publicly available for reuse and customization on their GitHub account (https://github.com/AtlasOfLivingAustralia).

The National Biodiversity Network, a registered charity, is the UK GBIF node and has been sharing biodiversity data since 2000. They published more than 79 million occurrences from 818 datasets. In 2016, they launched the NBN Atlas Scotland (https://scotland.nbnatlas.org/) based on the Atlas of Living Australia infrastructure. Since then, they released the NBN Atlas (https://nbnatlas.org/), the NBN Atlas Wales (https://wales.nbnatlas.org/) and soon the NBN Atlas Isle of Man. In addition to the occurrence/species search engine and the metadata registry, they put in place several tools that help users to work with data published in the network: the spatial portal and "explore your region" module. Both elements are based on Atlas of Living Australia developments.

Because the Atlas of Living Australia platform is really powerful an reusable, we want to show you these two applications used to make geographical analyses. In order to perform this, we will present you the specificities of each component by giving examples of some functionalities.
Building an OWL ontology with Xper3
Authors: Pellen Florian , Bouquin Sylvain , Mougenot Isabelle , Vignes-Lebbe Régine
Published: May 2018

Xper3 (Vignes Lebbe et al. 2016) is a collaborative knowledge base publishing platform that, since its launch in november 2013, has been adopted by over 2 thousand users (Pinel et al. 2017). This is mainly due to its user friendly interface and the simplicity of its data model. The data are stored in MySQL Relational DBs, but the exchange format uses the TDWG standard format SDD (Structured Descriptive DataHagedorn et al. 2005). However, each Xper3 knowledge base is a closed world that the author(s) may or may not share with the scientific community or the public via publishing content and/or identification key (Kopfstein 2016). The explicit taxonomic, geographic and phenotypic limits of a knowledge base are not always well defined in the metadata fields.

Conversely terminology vocabularies, such as Phenotype and Trait Ontology PATO and the Plant Ontology PO, and software to edit them, such as Protégé and Phenoscape, are essential in the semantic web, but difficult to handle for biologist without computer skills. These ontologies constitute open worlds, and are expressed themselves by RDF triples (Resource Description Framework). Protégé offers vizualisation and reasoning capabilities for these ontologies (Gennari et al. 2003, Musen 2015).

Our challenge is to combine the user friendliness of Xper3 with the expressive power of OWL (Web Ontology Language), the W3C standard for building ontologies. We therefore focused on analyzing the representation of the same taxonomic contents under Xper3 and under different models in OWL. After this critical analysis, we chose a description model that allows automatic export of SDD to OWL and can be easily enriched. We will present the results obtained and their validation on two knowledge bases, one on parasitic crustaceans (Sacculina) and the second on current ferns and fossils (Corvez and Grand 2014). The evolution of the Xper3 platform and the perspectives offered by this link with semantic web standards will be discussed.
What Went Where When? Representing Animal Movements as Simple Darwin Core Occurrences
Authors: Newman Peggy , Dettki Holger , Belbin Lee
Published: May 2018

To usefully describe sensor deployments on animals is a major challenge for advocates of data standards. Bio-logging studies also need to be documented in a standard manner to facilitate discovery and determine relevance? For systems aggregating biodiversity occurrence records, the use of the Darwin Core standard (Wieczorek et al. 2012) to express species occurrences is near ubiquitous. Bio-logging studies are universally multiple instances of species occurrences that output high quality spatial and temporal data recorded by specialists.

There are a lot of benefits to summarising these studies by means of a single, flat file record. Simple Darwin Core offers the ability to do this by representing the multiple occurrences as a date range in dwc:eventDate and a footprint polygon using dwc:footprintWKT for the area covered by the track. By also uniformly describing the species, the dwc:basisOfRecord as Machine Observation, and a controlled vocabulary to describe the type of bio-logging data, systems could offer an effective means of querying tracking data. It’s important to look to other data standards initiatives relevant to bio-logging to ensure common usage of Darwin Core terms.

The Atlas of Living Australia is using an implementation of Simple Darwin Core to represent data from the bio-logging platform ZoaTrack as occurrence data to make it discoverable via location or species-based searches. Other initiatives, for example Swedish LifeWatch follow a similar approach to represent data from the Wireless Remote Animal Monitoring (WRAM) Scandinavian bio-logging infrastructure. With endorsement from the community, the implementation could be useful as a type of metadata catalogue record, opening it for usage in application programmer interface (API) development and thus enabling machine interoperability between systems and users. In short, bio-logging systems and practitioners would be able to easily discover relevant studies by searching by location and/or species.
Nurturing a sustainable Open Tree of Life
Authors: McTavish Emily Jane , Holder Mark , Cranston Karen
Published: May 2018

The Open Tree of Life project is a collaborative effort to synthesize, share and update a comprehensive tree of life Fig. 1. We have completed a draft synthesis of a tree summarizing digitally available taxonomic and phylogenetic knowledge for all 2.6 million named species, available at tree.opentreeoflife.org Hinchliff et al. 2015. . . This tree provides ready access to phylogenetic information which can link together biodiversity data on the basis of what we know about relevant evolutionary history. Both the unified reference taxonomy Rees and Cranston 2017 and the published phylogenetic statements underlying the tree McTavish et al. 2015 are available and accessible online. Taxa in the phylogenies are mapped to the the reference taxonomy, which aligns Open Tree taxon identifiers to those from NCBI and GBIF, among several other taxonomy resources. The synthesis tree is revised as new data become available, and captures conflict and consensus across different published phylogenetic estimates. This undertaking requires both development of novel infrastructure and analysis tools, as well as community engagement with the Open Tree of Life project. I will discuss the challenges in and the progress towards achieving these goals.
Integrating Phylogenetics and Morphology to Study Diversification and Species Limits in Madagascar’s Tenrecs (Tenrecidae)
Authors: Everson Kathryn , Olson Link
Published: May 2018

Madagascar is one of the world’s hottest biodiversity hotspots and a natural laboratory for evolutionary research. Tenrecs (Tenrecidae; 32 currently recognized species) – small placental mammals endemic to Madagascar – colonized the island >35 million years ago and have evolved a stunning range of behaviors and morphologies, including heterothermic species; species with hedgehog-like spines; and fossorial, aquatic, and scansorial ecotypes. In 2016, we produced the first taxonomically complete phylogeny of tenrecs, which has served as a framework for studying morphological evolution, phylogeography, and species limits. Most recently, we have built on this phylogeny to incorporate an enormous database of genetic, morphometric, and geographic data from >800 vouchered tenrec specimens. These data have revealed interesting and unexpected aspects of their evolutionary history, including decoupled diversification of the cranium and postcranium. Using a machine learning approach, we have also uncovered numerous new, cryptic species in the family Tenrecidae. As phylogenetic and phenotypic data become more readily available through online repositories, we expect that the same approaches can be applied to other taxonomic groups, providing unprecented resolution of the tree of life.
State of Digitisation and Gap Analysis Surveys
Authors: Phillips Sarah , Haston Elspeth , Green Laura , Weech Marie-Helene , Cubey Robert , King Sally , Drinkwater Robyn
Published: May 2018

Recent developments in digitisation technologies and equipment have enabled advances in the rate of natural history specimen digitisation. However Europe’s Natural History Collection Institutions are home to over one billion specimens and currently only a small fraction of these have been digitally catalogued with fewer imaged. It is clear that institutions still face huge challenges when digitising the vast number of specimens in their collections.

I will present the results of two surveys that aimed to discover the main successes and challenges facing institutions in their digitisation programmes. The first survey was undertaken in 2014 within the SYNTHESYS 3 project and gathered information from project partners on their current digitisation facilities, equipment and workflows providing some key recommendations based on these findings. The second survey was completed more recently in 2017, through the Consortium of European Taxonomic Facilities (CETAF) Digitisation Working Group. This survey aimed to discover the successful protocols and implementation of digitisation, and to identify the shortfalls in resources and protocols. Results from both surveys will be fed into the future programme of the CETAF Digitisation Working Group as well as forthcoming and proposed EU projects, including Innovation and Consolidation for large-scale Digitisation of natural heritage (ICEDIG).
An Evaluation of In-house versus Out-sourced Data Capture at the Meise Botanic Garden (BR)
Authors: Engledow Henry , De Smedt Sofie , Bogaerts Ann , Groom Quentin
Published: May 2018

There are many ways to capture data from herbarium specimen labels. Here we compare the results of in-house verses out-sourced data transcription with the aim of evaluating the pros and cons of each approach and guiding future projects that want to do the same.

In 2014 Meise Botanic Garden (BR) embarked on a mass digitization project. We digitally imaged of some 1.2 million herbarium specimens from our African and Belgian Herbaria. The minimal data for a third of these images was transcribed in-house, while the remainder was out-sourced to a commercial company. The minimal data comprised the fields: specimen’s herbarium location, barcode, filing name, family, collector, collector number, country code and phytoregion (for the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda & Burundi). The out-sourced data capture consisted of three types:

additional label information for central African specimens having minimal data;

complete data for the remaining African specimens; and,

species filing name information for African and Belgian specimens without minimal data. As part of the preparation for out-sourcing, a strict protocol had to be established as to the criteria for acceptable data quality levels.

Also, the creation of several lookup tables for data entry was necessary to improve data quality. During the start-up phase all the data were checked, feedback given, compromises made and the protocol amended. After this phase, an agreed upon subsample was quality controlled. If the error score exceeded the agreed level, the batch was returned for retyping. The data had three quality control checks during the process, by the data capturers, the contractor’s project managers and ourselves.

Data quality was analysed and compared in-house versus out-sourced modes of data capture. The error rate by our staff versus the external company was comparable. The types of error that occurred were often linked to the specific field in question. These errors include problems of interpretation, legibility, foreign languages, typographic errors, etc. A significant amount of data cleaning and post-capture processing was required prior to import into our database, despite the data being of good quality according to protocol (error < 1%). By improving the workflow and field definitions a notable improvement could be made in the “data cleaning” phase.

The initial motivation for capturing some data in-house was financial. However, after analysis, this may not have been the most cost effective approach. Many lessons have been learned from this first mass digitisation project that will implemented in similar projects in the future.
Specifications and Standards for Insect 3D Data
Authors: Wang Jiangning , Ren Jing , Xi Tianyu , Ge Siqin , Ji Liqiang
Published: May 2018

With the continuous development of imaging technology, the amount of insect 3D data is increasing, but research on data management is still virtually non-existent. This paper will discuss the specifications and standards relevant to the process of insect 3D data acquisition, processing and analysis.

The collection of 3D data of insects includes specimen collection, sample preparation, image scanning specifications and 3D model specification. The specimen collection information uses existing biodiversity information standards such as Darwin Core. However, the 3D scanning process contains unique specifications for specimen preparation, depending on the scanning equipment, to achieve the best imaging results.

Data processing of 3D images includes 3D reconstruction, tagging morphological structures (such as muscle and skeleton), and 3D model building. There are different algorithms in the 3D reconstruction process, but the processing results generally follow DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) standards. There is no available standard for marking morphological structures, because this process is currently executed by individual researchers who create operational specifications according to their own needs. 3D models have specific file specifications, such as object files (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavefront_.obj_file) and 3D max format (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.3ds), which are widely used at present.

There are only some simple tools for analysis of three-dimensional data and there are no specific standards or specifications in Audubon Core (https://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core), the TDWG standard for biodiversity-related multi-media.

There are very few 3D databases of animals at this time. Most of insect 3D data are created by individual entomologists and are not even stored in databases. Specifications for the management of insect 3D data need to be established step-by-step. Based on our attempt to construct a database of 3D insect data, we preliminarily discuss the necessary specifications.
Specimen Identifiers in Related Disciplines: What can Biodiversity Learn from and Offer to Other Fields?
Authors: Cox Simon J D , Lehnert Kerstin , Klump Jens , Wyborn Lesley , Walls Ramona
Published: May 2018

Life sciences research, and even more specifically biodiversity sciences research, has yet to coalesece on a single system of identifiers for specimens (physical samples collected for research) or even a single set of standards for identifiers. Diverse identifier systems lead to duplication and ambiguity, which in turn lead to challenges in finding specimens, tracking and citing their usage, and linking them to data. Other research disciplines provide experience that biodiversity sciences could use to overcome these challenges. Earth sciences/geology may be the most advanced discipline in this regard, thanks to the use of the International GeoSample Number (IGSN) system, which was established to provide globally unique identifiers for geological samples. The original motivation of IGSN was to overcome duplication of sample numbers reported in the scientific literature and to support the correlation of observations on the same samples carried out by different laboratories and reported in different publications. The IGSN system is managed through a small set of 'allocating agents' who act on behalf of a national agency or community, under the overall coordination of the IGSN Organization - a volunteer group representing a mixture of research institutions and agencies. Similar to widely-recognized Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs), the primary requirement of an allocating agent is to maintain the mapping from an IGSN to a web 'landing page' corresponding to each sample. A standard (minimal) schema for describing samples registered with IGSN has been developed, but individual IGSN allocating agents will often supplement the base metadata with additional information. Other efforts are working on cross-disciplinary sample metadata schemas, but no single core standard has been agreed upon yet. An important part of the development of the IGSN system has been an engagement with scholarly publishers, with a goal of making each mention of an IGSN within a report or paper be a hyperlink, and also for links to other observations relating to the same sample to be automatically highlighted by the publisher.
Diversity of Potamolithus (Littorinimorpha, Truncatelloidea) in a high-diversity spot for troglobites in southeastern Brazil: role of habitat fragmentation in the origin of subterranean fauna, and conservation status
Authors: Bichuette Maria Elina , Trajano Eleonora
Published: May 2018

The Alto Ribeira karst area, southeastern Brazil, is a high-diversity area for troglobites. Three species of freshwater gastropodsPotamolithusoccur in the area:P.ribeirensis, only found in epigean waters at the Iporanga and Ribeira rivers;P.troglobius, which is endemic to the Areias cave system; andP.karsticus, a troglophilic species from Calcário Branco Cave and an epigean stream nearby. We investigated their distribution based on shell morphology and internal anatomy of epigean species, troglophilic populations, and troglobitic species. Distribution patterns ofPotamolithuswere compared to those of other aquatic taxa from the region (such as crustaceans and fishes). Besides the three species already described for the region, we recorded 12 additional ones, for a total of 15 species/morphs (six troglobites, seven troglophiles, and two epigean).Potamolithusspp. are restricted to micro-basins and/or caves, showing small areas of distribution and probably a high degree of endemism. Geomorphology (irregular landscape, with limestone outcrops intercalated with insoluble rocks, which probably act as geographic barriers for cave populations), paleoclimatic evidence, and ecological/biological factors, such as the low degree of mobility of these gastropods (sedentary habit), explain the distributional patterns. We observed troglomorphisms such as reduction/absence of eyes and pigmentation (body and periostracum), and a coiled intestine. Apparently, there is no cause-and-effect between miniaturization and intestine coiling forPotamolithus, in contrast to observations for other cave snails.Potamolithussnails are threatened in the region due to water pollution, uncontrolled tourism, and overcollection.
Dualities in architectural training: The Architecture School of Valencia (1968-1975)
Authors: Domingo-Calabuig Débora
Published: May 2018

The school of Valencia was a singular case study in the architectural training in Spain towards the end of the 60s. Like in Madrid, Barcelona, and Seville, the school also participated in the bustling political and social context, but while in these schools the curriculum of 1964 was extended until 1975, in Valencia the creation of the Instituto Politécnico Superior was the opportunity to launch an experimental curriculum introducing notable changes. Beginning in 1969, the new architecture students of Valencia shared a classroom and subjects’ contents with students from 3 other degrees (Industrial Engineering, Civil Engineering, and Agricultural Engineering) and underwent continuous evaluations following a semester calendar. The architecture school of Valencia thus became a dual organism since the previous plan coexisted with the new one, but each was taught in different venues, isolated from one another. This work puts in parallel both curricula, both university environments and the teaching practices received by both group of students and tries to reconstruct the first years of history of the architecture school of Valencia thanks to testimonies and the few existing documentary sources. In addition, a critical assessment of the results is developed which is compared to the recent reflections and changes that have been occurring in the teaching of architecture.
Ainsi parlait Daoudi, une jurisprudence pour tous et pour personne
Authors: Peyre Almodis
Published: May 2018

La Cour européenne a rendu le 1er février 2018 sa décision quant à l’expulsion de M.A, condamné en France pour terrorisme, vers l’Algérie. Alors qu’un tel renvoi a pu constituer selon le requérant une violation de l’article 3 de la Convention mais aussi de l’article 34 du fait de son exécution expresse, l’intérêt majeur de cette affaire réside davantage dans le raisonnement juridique porté par la Cour que dans ses conclusions. En effet, il apparaît au fil des lignes une référence constante à l’affaire Daoudi, dont les faits de l’espèce sont fortement similaires, faisant de cette jurisprudence un modèle en matière d’expulsion vers l’Algérie. Par suite, s’établit peu à peu une véritable présomption de pays non-sûr pour cet Etat. Jurisprudence certes protectrice des droits des ressortissants de pays tiers, et néanmoins critiquable, l’affaire M.A contre France ne manque pas de contradictions et d’audace dont les origines tiennent sûrement à l’aspect purement symbolique du constat de violation de la Convention. Ainsi, reprenant tel un leitmotiv les conclusions du 3 décembre 2009, la jurisprudence M.A contre France et à travers elle l’affaire Daoudi, apparaissent comme une protection pour tous, mais surtout, et en l’espèce, pour personne.
Gestión de marca corporativa online de los canales públicos de televisión en Europa. Propuesta de indicadores para su medición
Authors: Costa-Sánchez Carmen , Guarinos Galán Virginia
Published: May 2018

Los canales de televisión públicos afrontan una triple crisis derivada de los cambios en los mercados televisivos y del cuestionamiento de su gestión y de su necesidad. Metodología. Se realiza el desarrollo de la literatura científica y la propuesta de indicadores para sistematizar el análisis comparativo de gestión de la marca corporativa en el entorno online para los principales canales de televisión europeos. Conclusiones y discusión. Se desarrollan tres indicadores sintéticos. Uno para medir y evaluar la solidez de su comunidad de seguidores online; otro para analizar el grado de transparencia en su información identitaria y de balance y un tercero para analizar el nivel de orgullo de representación generado. La arena digital supone un nuevo ámbito al que aplicar su estrategia de comunicación y en el que proyectar imagen. Los sistemas de medición tradicionales ya no resultan el único modo posible de analizar el cumplimiento de su misión de servicio público.
Las radiotelevisiones públicas europeas en el entorno web
Authors: Rodríguez-Fernández María-Magdalena , Sánchez-Amboage Eva , Toural-Bran Carlos
Published: May 2018

Las radiotelevisiones públicas se han tenido que adaptar a nuevos escenarios donde internet se ha posicionado como la plataforma fundamental para informar, comunicar y difundir contenidos a sus audiencias. Objetivo y metodología. Se analizan los websites de las radiotelevisiones públicas de los países de la Unión Europea teniendo en cuenta los siguientes parámetros: posicionamiento, engagement, procedencia de la audiencia y dispositivos de acceso. Resultados. En la mayoría de los casos analizados la duración de las visitas a los websites es limitada, la tasa de rebote elevada, los usuarios nacionales y los dispositivos móviles se posicionan como los soportes más utilizados para acceder al contenido de los websites. Discusión y conclusiones. Los resultados indican que los sitios web de las radiotelevisiones públicas europeas no están cumpliendo con las expectativas de los usuarios. Las corporaciones deben apostar por el desarrollo de servicios online más eficientes que reviertan en la generación de un mayor y mejor uso de sus respectivos websites.
Occupational Therapy Interventions for Adults With Musculoskeletal Conditions
Authors: Amini Debbie , Lieberman Deborah , Hunter Elizabeth
Published: May 2018

Evidence Connection articles provide a clinical application of systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s (AOTA’s) Evidence-Based Practice Project. In this Evidence Connection article, we describe a case report of a person who underwent a total knee replacement due to severe osteoarthritis of his left knee. The occupational therapy assessment and intervention process both before and after surgery in the home setting is described. Findings from the systematic review (Dorsey & Bradshaw, 2017) on this topic were published in the January/February 2017 issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy and in AOTA’s Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Adults With Musculoskeletal Conditions. Each article in this series summarizes the evidence from the published reviews on a given topic and presents an application of the evidence to a related clinical case. Evidence Connection articles illustrate how the research evidence from the reviews can be used to inform and guide clinical reasoning.
Pedagogical work of Mikhail M. Bakhtin (1920s – early 1960s)
Authors: Laptun Vladimir I. , Tihanov Galin
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this essay to is to describe and discuss Bakhtin’s pedagogical work based on diverse archival materials and memoirs of his students.
A Concepção de Estado em A Cidade de Deus
Authors: Duarte Teresinha Maria
Published: May 2018

Resumo
A Cidade de Deus é um dos escritos de Santo Agostinho, no qual ele reconhece a existência de duas cidades: uma celestial e outra temporal, intra-histórica. Embora, esta caminhe para aquela e até chegue a admitir uma confusão ou até mesmo uma justaposição entre a cidade terrena e a espiritual, no tempo, é nela, na cidade dos homens que se pode verificar a sua concepção de cidade. Para o Bispo de Hipona, cidade é a sociedade humana, com os laços que unem seus membros, entre si. Assim, vicissitudes históricas, como a escravidão, são permitidas por Deus, para a redenção dos vencidos. E aqueles que governarem a cidade temporal – os Estados – são chamados por Deus para manterem a ordem em prol da justiça e da paz, para a felicidade de todos.

Palavras-chave: Santo Agostinho, A Cidade de Deus, Estado; Domínio; Servidão
Acurácia e confiabilidade na medida da glicemia em pacientes críticos adultos: revisão integrativa
Authors: Silveira Laura Menezes , Silva Simone Costa , Hipólito Maíza Cláudia Vilela , Godoy Simone De , Stabile Angelita Maria
Published: May 2018

A mensuração fidedigna da glicemia no paciente crítico é essencial para a assistência segura. Vieses na medição podem resultar na obtenção de valores imprecisos, levando a equipe a interpretar equivocadamente os resultados, modificando erroneamente as condutas terapêuticas. Neste estudo, objetivou-se buscar na literatura a produção existente sobre os fatores relacionados a acurácia e a confiabilidade das medidas de glicemia de pacientes assistidos em UTI, por meio de busca nas bases de dados Cinahl, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. As evidências de 18 artigos que versavam sobre a acurácia e a confiabilidade da verificação da glicemia, mostraram aspectos como: método de mensuração, tipo de amostra, características do paciente crítico e manuseio do aparelho. A equipe deve ponderar sobre as vantagens e limitações de cada método considerando a sua realidade e a segurança do paciente.
Metodología, temas y disciplinas en la investigación actual sobre migración internacional
Authors: Conticello Jose Navarro- , Díaz Emilio Moyano-
Published: May 2018

La migración internacional es un área de creciente interéscientífico y político en el mundo, pero se desconoce elvolumen y las características de los artículos publicados enbases de datos internacionales. Se busca aquí identificar losenfoques metodológicos predominantes, tipo de problemas,alcance, temas y disciplinas características de la produccióncientífica actual en el área. Un total de 193 artículos indizadosen Web of Science de 2012 a 2016 que incluyen en sustítulos el término ‘international migration’ son analizadosmediante cinco criterios metodológicos de clasificación:paradigma, tipo de problema, alcance, tema y disciplina. Seobserva asociaciones significativas relativas a una producciónen el área principalmente cuantitativa (χ²=70,145 gl (2),p<.000), empírica (χ²=267,746 gl (3), p<.000), descriptivay correlacional (χ²=69,819 gl (3), p<.000), destacando encantidad de artículos y alcance de las investigaciones la ciencia económica y la demografía (χ²=154,922 gl (8), p<.000) entre las disciplinas participantes.
Estudos migratórios e os desafios da pesquisa de campo
Authors: Vettorassi Andréa , Dias Gustavo
Published: May 2018

O fenômeno migratório tem sido uma preocupação recorrentedas pesquisas nas ciências sociais. Todavia, ressaltamos anecessidade de aprofundarmos o debate acerca do métodode pesquisa utilizado. Em outras palavras, argumentamos que, tão importante quanto revelar os dados obtidos no trabalho de campo, é a apresentação das ferramentas metodológicas utilizadas, bem como seu poder de apreensão do fenômeno investigado e suas limitações. Neste contexto, e a partir do aumento significativo dos deslocamentos humanos em todas as suas expressões (emigração, imigração, refúgio, retorno, trânsito, tráfico e contrabando de pessoas, etc.), o artigo oferece um breve panorama histórico sobre abordagensteórico-metodológicas utilizadas em estudos sobre mobilidademigratória. Notadamente, refletimos sobre algumas dasprincipais estratégias que se fizeram presentes no campo daantropologia e da sociologia, desde a primeira metade doséculo XX até a contemporaneidade.
A noção de redes sociais aplicada a pesquisas em espaços de trabalhadores migrantes
Authors: Menezes Marilda Aparecida , Cover Maciel
Published: May 2018

A noção de redes sociais tem sido aplicada em estudosde migrações nacionais e internacionais. Nesse artigo,mobilizamos essa noção para compreender as interações sociais cotidianas em espaços de moradia de trabalhadores migrantes. Fundamentamo-nos na concepção de “redes sociais” da Escola Antropológica de Manchester, construída para compreender a organização de grupos e espaços sociais diversos, especialmente de trabalhadores migrantes em minas de ouro e plantações de cana-de-açúcar. Utilizaremos dois casos empíricos, o primeiro de camponeses paraibanos que trabalharam em usinas de cana de açúcar do Estado de Pernambuco nas décadas de 1980-90; o segundo, de camponeses paraibanos que trabalharam em usinas da região de Campinas, Estado de São Paulo, nas décadas de 2000-2010. A análise é fundamentada na etnografia, em especial a análise situacional, e história oral.
Diáspora, refugiado, migrante: perspectiva etnográfica em mobilidade e transfronteiriça
Authors: Joseph Handerson
Published: May 2018

Este artigo propõe uma discussão sobre a maneira pela qualas categorias diáspora, migrante e refugiado são, mutuamente, constituídas no mundo social haitiano, a partir da experiência etnográfica em mobilidade e múltiplos engajamentos do pesquisador em campo. Pergunta-se então: quais são os sentidos sociais e pragmáticos atribuídos pelos haitianos às categorias de diáspora, refugiado e migrante? De que modo a mobilidade se torna um conceito chave para pensar as dinâmicas do ser diáspora, refugiado e migrante no espaço (trans)nacional e (trans)fronteiriço?. O foco é o contingente de haitianos vindos ao Brasil pela fronteira entre Brasil, Colômbia e Peru, de 2010 a 2013 e os que foram para o Suriname e a Guiana Francesa neste mesmo período. A pesquisa etnográfica articula-se a partir da referida fronteira, mas desenvolve-se também em Manaus (Brasil), Caiena (Guiana Francesa), Paramaribo (Suriname) e Fonds-des-Nègres e Pemerle (Haiti).
Designing and Marketing Features of International Airlines Websites: A Comparative Study
Authors: Parsa Reza , Yaghmaei Omid , Ansarimehr Morteza , Hoseini-Rivandi Mohammad-Hosein , Najafiolasli Parisa
Published: May 2018

This article is an attempt to analyze the websites of a number of international airlines by adopting the functionalism approach. For this, designing and marketing features of these websites are compared. According to the functionalist approach, every website should have at least one specific function. This analysis is conducted by employing 12-factor website analysis criteria put forward by Bowman, Johnson, and Hodges (2001). The findings suggest that the success of each website is considerably translated into the success of the respective airline and vice versa. This is because the number of visitors of the website is positively correlated to the rate of customers of the airline.
Airbnb: The emerging player of Sharing Economy in UAE
Authors: Vakhariya Shital
Published: May 2018

Based in San Francisco, California, Airbnb is a trusted community marketplace catered to the people who wish to list, discover, and book unique accommodations around the world- online or from the mobile phone or tablet. It was founded in August of 2007 and in summer 2008 they found the perfect kick-start for their business (Note 1).The Airbnb’s model has always kept its overheads and operating leverage (fixed asset investment) low by using online app and host and guest business model. With low pricing strategy model and tailored offerings to the needs of many segments with varying needs and price points, Airbnb became a threat to many budgeted hotels in globally and especially in UAE where the cost of living is comparatively high. To convey the challenges faced by Airbnb, the case introduces the background of the Sharing Economy, highlights the strategies adopted by Airbnb, and sheds light on future opportunities.However, Airbnb had faced several challenges like breaching the laws, illegal listing, renting period, limited in-country assets or workforce, etc. Now Airbnb teaming up with UAE government, which certainly presented its own set of challenges in this sharing economy. (Note 2)The case is suitable for Innovation and Strategy courses that require students to understand various risk elements in the new venture and role of innovation in the success of a new business. It is an attempt to illustrate a starts up can grow and differentiate itself by adopting “Blue Ocean Strategy”.
Immunocompetent patient with Nocardia abscessus brain abscess: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Alsalmi Sultan , Bugdadi Abdulgadir , Alkhayri Abdu , Chenin Louis , Peltier Johann
Published: May 2018

Nocardia cerebral abscess is uncommon. It accounts for 1%-2% of all cerebral abscesses. It typically occurs in immunocompromised patients but cases in immunocompetent hosts been reported. Diagnosis of Nocardia brain abscess can be difficult and misleading. In this report we report a case of Nocardia abscessus brain abscess that was misdiagnosed initially as brain tumor. The patient has been successfully managed medically along with surgical evacuation twice.
Estimating Extent of Vulnerability of Agriculture and Livelihoods to Climate Change
Authors: Raju K. V. , Kesava Rao A. V. R. , Deshpande R. S.
Published: May 2018

Vulnerability assessments can play a vital role in designing appropriate adaptation and mitigation policies targeted towards climate change and its impacts on ecosystems, and those who depend upon these resources for their livelihoods. This paper assesses climate change in Karnataka, the agriculture and livelihoods contexts of vulnerability. Karnataka state has the second largest area under rainfed agriculture in India and several studies have shown that climate change is happening in the state. Agriculture sector is vulnerable to climate variability and change across its three regions: coastal, hilly and plains.Long-period monthly rainfall data (1901-2016) at district, region and state level was collected from India Meteorological Department and other sources and changes in seasonal and annual rainfall are analyzed. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was run on a dataset of seven variables for agricultural vulnerability and ten variables for livelihood vulnerability across thirty districts. The PCA generated three components for each index that broadly represented the underlying themes of agriculture and livelihood vulnerability present in the larger data set. Two vulnerability indices i.e., agricultural vulnerability index and livelihood vulnerability index were developed for all districts.Long-period rainfall analysis showed a small decreasing trend in annual rainfall at the state level. South-eastern region is becoming slightly wetter, while parts of hilly region becoming drier. In one district, rainfall reduced by 460 mm and in the neighbour it raised by 250 mm. Decadal meteorological drought analysis indicated an increasing trend in moderate droughts in north interior Karnataka. Indicators like cropping intensity, gross area irrigated and commercial crop area are the major drivers in determining the agricultural vulnerability. Livelihood index indicators like per capita income, population density, percentage of literacy rate and livestock units are major drivers for livelihood vulnerability. Agricultural vulnerability index analysis indicates four districts and livelihood vulnerability index analysis shows five districts as most vulnerable.