bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De huipiles y palabras: formas, colores y voces en el tiempo
Authors: Borloz Soto Virginia
Published: July 2020

El artículo describe las vivencias de mujeres indígenas latinoamericanas, y de Guatemala en particular, así como sus historias de vida plasmadas en huipiles de hilos, formas y colores, entretejidas con poemas, dibujos y palabras de la escritora y artista costarricense Carmen Naranjo. Estos dialogan en el tiempo para mostrar al mundo la vigencia de experiencias milenarias que nos hablan de invisibilidad, de silencios y de un tipo de violencia contra la mujer indígena. Intervienen también otros autores y actores culturales como Ak’abal y Rigoberta Menchú, para complementar esta relación dialógica. La interacción entre texto (huipiles, ventanas, poemas) y contexto evidencia la importancia de la generación de actos lingüísticos nacidos de diversas prácticas significantes que desembocan en renovados símbolos y que permiten diferentes lecturas e interpretaciones a través del tiempo.
La clase de Historia de la Música desde la perspectiva de los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Música de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, México
Authors: Capistrán-García Raúl W.
Published: July 2020

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio exploratorio de corte mixto, el cual tuvo como objetivo conocer la percepción de los estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Música de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes (México) en relación con la asignatura de Historia de la Música. A través de la técnica de la encuesta, 65 estudiantes respondieron un cuestionario que incluyó preguntas abiertas y escalas Likert. Los datos fueron capturados y analizados con los programas de computación IBM SPSS 2.0 y Atlas.ti 8.0. Los resultados reflejan aprecio hacia la asignatura, tendencia a considerarla como importante para llevar a cabo interpretaciones estilísticamente correctas y satisfacción respecto a los mecanismos de evaluación. Entre las debilidades sobresale el reclamo por procesos educativos más significativos y participativos. Se espera que los resultados contribuyan al fortalecimiento de los programas de esta materia y al diseño de planes de clase que involucren procesos educativos que impliquen mayor significancia y participación por parte de los alumnos
Mirada al desnudo: poderes y placeres visuales en Salò de Pier Paolo Pasolini
Authors: Marín Villalobos Roberto
Published: July 2020

El presente artículo pretende analizar lo visual en interjuego con la desnudez, como catalizador del poder y el placer en la película Salò o le 120 giornate di Sodoma, última obra del director Pier Paolo Pasolini. Para ello, se efectúa un diálogo entre escenas del filme y algunos postulados conceptuales. Los diferentes usos de la desnudez y su tratamiento visual no solo dan cuenta de la maestría estética del director italiano, sino también de su potencial teórico para pensar una mirada sadeana, incluso sádica.
Luces, cámara, ¡masturbación!: la sexualidad como discurso exotizante en Barbarella (1968) e Ixcanul (2015)
Authors: Alfaro Pereira Priscilla
Published: July 2020

Este artículo analiza la cinematografía de la masturbación en las películas Barbarella (Roger Vadim, 1968) e Ixcanul (Jayro Bustamante, 2015), en las cuales se desarrollan dos tipos de sexualidad que, aunque parecen opuestos y anacrónicos, convergen en la producción de un discurso exotizante acerca de la sexualidad femenina. Este discurso será examinado cuestionando la producción de la mirada, los grados de visibilidad en las escenas y la representación masturbatoria a lo interno de los filmes.
Dung beetles (Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) of the Foothills–Andean Forest strip of Villavicencio, Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas-Bautista Johann Stephens , Parada-Alfonso Jenny Andrea , Carvajal‑Cogollo Juan E.
Published: July 2020

The list of species associated with the Foothills-Andean Forest transition strip in the municipality of Villavicencio, Colombia is presented. This strip is characterized by a heterogeneous landscape marked by activities such as livestock and agriculture. It is composed of gallery forest relics, fragments of secondary forest and extensive open area matrices. 35 species and 17 genera were found, the description is presented with data on their distribution, ecological aspects and habitat preference, according to the abundance recorded during the study. It is compared with the distributions found in the literature and some altitude ranges are expanded. Finally, some considerations were made to improve the study and knowledge of Dung beetles fauna in Colombia.
Nymphaea alba var. rubra Lönnr. (Nymphaeaceae): a new record for the aquatic flora of Kashmir Himalaya, India
Authors: Hassan Afrozah , Rasheed Shugufta , Khuroo Anzar A. , Masoodi Ather , Nawchoo Irshad A.
Published: July 2020

Nymphaea alba var. rubra Lönnr. is reported for the first time from Dal Lake, Kashmir Himalaya, India. The taxonomic identification was confirmed based on rhizome, leaf and flower characters. A brief description and photographic illustrations of N. alba var. rubra are provided to validate the new distribution record for aquatic flora of this Himalayan region. A comparison of N. alba var. rubra with its allied taxon, N. alba var. alba, is provided to facilitate field identification.
New records of Anastrepha Schiner, 1868 (Diptera, Tephritidae) in an urban forest fragment in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
Authors: Clóvis Costa-Silva Francisco , Nonato Serrão Acioli Agno , Marques da Silva Neliton , Uramoto Keiko , Savaris Marcoandre , Zucchi Roberto Antonio
Published: July 2020

Four new records of Anastrepha species, A. elongata Fernández, 1953, A. fraterculus (Wiedemann, 1830) (sensu lato), A. pseudanomala Norrbom, 2002, and A. sodalis Stone, 1942, are discussed. Anastrepha elongata is recorded for the first time in Brazil. All species were collected in McPhail traps in an urban forest fragment on the campus of the Federal University of Amazonas, city of Manaus, state of Amazonas.
THE FORECAST OF LONG-TERM SETTLEMENT OF THE PILE ON SANDSTONES AND CLAYSTONES OF THE PERMIAN AGE
Authors: Sychkina E. N , Ofrikhter I. V , Antipovov V. V
Published: July 2020

In the article the problem of ensuring the long-term settlement of single piles on claystones and sandstones are reviewed. Incorrect assessment of stabilized settlement of pile foundation can lead to an emergency situation. At the present time for prediction of foundation settlement is widely used finite element method, implemented in a variety of software systems. The aim of the study was to select the optimal model in the software package Plaxis 3D to forecast settlement of driven and bored piles on claystones and sandstones. The authors solved the following tasks: 1) review of the knowledge of long-term settlement of single piles and pile foundations on claystonese and sandstones is performed; 2) the technique is described and numerical experiments are performed in the software package Plaxis 3D for modeling the settlement of a single driven pile and bored pile on claystones and sandstones with varying degrees of weathering; 3) comparison of the results of numerical experiments with long-term field tests of piles on claystones and sandstones is performed; 4) findings from the study are formulated. Numerical experiments of modeling in the software package Plaxis 3D work of driven piles on claystones and sandstones showed that the introduction of soil compaction zones around the driven pile into the calculation scheme makes it possible to obtain close values to long-term settlement of full-scale piles. The authors recommend using the Hardening soil model to predict the work of a driven pile on claystones and sandstones and the Linear-Elastic model to simulate the work of a bored pile on claystones and sandstones. For highly weathered claystones and sandstones soil models need to be corrected for numerical calculations in Plaxis 3D, since the use of the Hardening soil and Linear-Elastic models showed underestimated settlement values in relation to field tests of driven piles.
ON THE DETERMINATION OF STRESSES ON THE CONTOURS OF UNDERGROUND HORIZONTAL MINES, SUBJECT TO AN OVERALL UNIFORM PRESSURE
Authors: Bogomolov A. N , Bogomolova O. A , Ushakov A. N
Published: July 2020

The paper presents the results of a study to determine the stress state on the contours of underground workings, the cross section of which has the form of a trapezium, a triangle, a rectangle, a rhombus, astroids and an ellipse. The strength of underground workings of trapezoidal and elliptical cross-sectional shapes was studied for given values of uniform pressure applied at the points of the outlines of the workings. The analysis of the stress state at the points of the contours of underground mine workings has been carried out. As a mapping function, a complex variable function is used, which is a third degree polynomial. The stress state at the boundary of the underground horizontal excavation, which has a predetermined shape, is investigated depending on the value of the numerical pressure value acting along this boundary with a predetermined value of the lateral distribution coefficient. Graphic representations of stress diagrams acting on the contours of the workings are given.
MONITORING OF PARK AREAS OF THE CITY OF PENZA, IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY NEGATIVE PROCESSES IN THEIR TERRITORIES
Authors: Kupryashina D. S , Evseeva R. A , Tulenkova E. P
Published: July 2020

Today, more than half of the world's population lives in cities. Expanding, absorbing woods, meadows, ponds and swamps, covering the earth with pavement, rushing up to the sky and the depths of the city are changing the face of our planet. Given the ability of green spaces to have a positive impact on the environment, they should be as close as possible to the place of life, work, study and rest of people. It is very important that the city was a biocenosis is not absolutely favorable, but at least not harmful to human health. One of the solutions to the city's problems is the organization of parks. Green spaces not only create favorable microclimatic and sanitary conditions, but also increase the artistic expressiveness of architectural ensembles. Parks solve a number of environmental problems in the city. First, reduce air pollution. Best absorb the sounds of trees and shrubs with thick crowns, dense large leaves, with a large number of small branches (maple Holly, Linden, oak petiolate, poplar canadian). The penetration of noise in the Park prevent dirt open space - grass. Reducing noise, the Park meets the task of reducing dust and air pollution. Polluted air in the city, poisoning the blood with carbon monoxide, causes a non-smoker the same harm as Smoking a pack of cigarettes a day. And the organization of the Park with multi-row strips of trees and shrubs with a width of 50 m and a height of 15-20 m reduces the level of air pollution by 70-75 %. Coming to the Park, a person does not leave the boundaries of the city and at the same time experiences psychoemotional relief, removal of irritability. Caring for green spaces, protecting and multiplying them, every resident of the city can make a contribution to improving the ecology of the city. But, despite the development and the desire to make the city more green, in this area there are many problems related to the proper placement, maintenance and use of parks.
IMPROVING THE METHODS OF QUALITY CONTROL OF KNOWLEDGE OF STUDENTS OF THE DIRECTION "CONSTRUCTION" IN THE STUDY OF DISCIPLINE "SOIL MECHANICS"
Authors: Kolenchenko K. E
Published: July 2020

Since the beginning of the 2000s (the time of Russia's accession to the Bologna process), a great deal of experience has been accumulated on the need and effectiveness of the score-rating system of knowledge assessment on the example of various regions, universities, specialties and disciplines. This experience shows both the disadvantages and merits of the ball-rating system, but in general it is obvious that the “traditional” form of knowledge control in modern conditions has lost its relevance and in most cases is ineffective. The experience of using the ball-rating system at the Department “Foundations and Foundations” in assessing the knowledge of students of construction specialties in the discipline “Soil Mechanics” showed its effectiveness and greater objectivity in comparison with the traditional form of control. The main advantages of the system are its objectivity, increasing the motivation of students to systematically work throughout the semester, the ability to automate the process of calculating, calculating rating points and conducting current forms of control. In order to increase the efficiency of the ball-rating system in the conditions under consideration, this process should be made as clear and open to the student as possible through interactive methods of information exchange, clarification of forms and methods of control, methods of calculation and calculation of rating points. In the academic load of the teacher, time must be officially provided for working with automated control systems, setting and counting rating points and setting the parameters of these systems, since they are mandatory components of a score-rating system.
TECHNICAL SYSTEMS AND MEASURES TO ENSURE THE QUALITY OF THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT OF THE POPULATION IN CONDITIONS OF NEGATIVE IMPACTS
Authors: Kasharina T. P , Sidenko E. S , Valuysky K. P
Published: July 2020

In accordance with the priority directions of development of science and technology of the Russian Federation until 2025, the issues of developing and creating methods for the environmental safety of urban areas in areas affected by natural disasters, accidents, catastrophes, etc., as well as protective measures are being addressed. Organizational-economic groups should carry out regulation in rural areas of industrial and private enterprises, which are located near urban and rural settlements, developing measures and laws ensuring environmental safety, preserving local forests, limiting the load on pastures, protecting them from fire and maintaining constant monitoring them. In this paper, special attention is paid to natural disasters and reducing the severity of the consequences after them (mudflows, landslides, fires, etc.). To reduce the effects of natural and man-made factors, we have created new technical solutions with the use of composite nanomaterials and ground-filled, ground-reinforced, cable-stayed, etc. protective systems, which are presented below.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE USE OF COQUINA IN CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Bolotin A. V , Lunegova A. A , Zhukova G. G , Ovsyannikova D. N
Published: July 2020

The construction industry today uses a wide range of materials, many of which were made possible thanks to advances in technology and the chemical industry. In our days, more and more often, in the construction of country houses, natural stones are preferred in the exterior decoration of buildings. In connection with the growing demand for country houses, the most popular and inexpensive material for the construction and design of facades becomes a coquina. Certain requirements are imposed on natural stones, and the values of the coquina correspond to most of them. The main requirements are aesthetic appearance, environmental friendliness, durability. Coquina is a special material, its unique properties are regulation the microclimate in the house and saturation the air with sea salt and iodine, due to its natural origin and absolute naturalness. The share of human participation in the production of coquina is limited only by cutting the stone into pieces of the required size. The only effect on the coquina is hydrophobization because the material is very hygroscopic. As a building material, coquina is used in a wide variety of areas. Coquina is perfect for the construction of exterior walls, interior partitions and decorative interior decoration. Also in construction prefer materials such as brick, foam concrete and aerated concrete. In order to understand which material is more suitable for construction, an analysis of their main characteristics is performed. The article calculates the loads that can withstand walls of coquin and brick. Also performed thermal calculation of the outer wall of the building from the coquin. Being beautiful material and having at the same time good operational characteristics, a coquina is ideally suited for construction and registration of housing.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE FEASIBILITY OF USING TEST TECHNOLOGIES TO CONTROL THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS
Authors: Zueva I. I , Laishcheva M. E
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the feasibility of using computer test technologies to monitor student learning in a technical college. The main purpose of the federal state educational standards is the result of the educational process. The effectiveness of education is considered not as a set of knowledge and skills acquired by students from different academic disciplines, but as the ability of a learner to apply knowledge and skills in practical professional activities, as the formation by students of certain competencies. In assessing educational results, it is necessary to analyze the levels of education that have been achieved by students at a certain stage of study. Along with the traditional methods of assessing students learning of educational material for current and mid-term monitoring of academic achievement, it is advisable to use test technologies to form students' knowledge component of competences. The article discusses the advantages, place and limitations of test methods in the system of control and assessment of the formation of students' competencies. The use of test tasks for technical disciplines in order to assess the formation of basic concepts of the discipline among students, assimilation by students of educational material is very effective and useful. But to evaluate the student's ability to concretize his answer with examples, the ability to logically and convincingly express his thoughts, analyze the depth of knowledge and practical skills of solving the student's problems using test techniques are unlikely to work. Despite these shortcomings of testing as a method of pedagogical control, its positive aspects (efficiency, objectivity, systematic conducting, teaching testing function, computer implementation of testing) make this form of knowledge diagnostics a promising direction for the development of pedagogical measurements in the system of training qualified personnel of various levels in the construction industry.
THEORETICAL SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF THE PROPAGATION OF STRESSES IN SOILS WHEN EXPOSED TO AXISYMMETRIC RADIAL EFFECTIVE STRESSES
Authors: Khasanov A. Z , Khasanov Z. A , Nabieva N. A , Khasanov J. A
Published: July 2020

The article discusses issues related to the determination of radial and tangential stresses in the well in the presence of gravitational pressure of the soil mass. The basis is the well-known theoretical solutions of the axisymmetric problem of a thick-walled pipe, namely, the Lame solution. The action of two pressures is considered: the internal pressure р 1 and the external р 2, uniformly distributed over the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow cylinder. As a result of theoretical studies, it was found that the use of the elasticity theory equation to determine radial and tangential stresses in a well with an internal effective pressure s r = р 1, leads to its slow horizontal decrease, which is not observed in practice. The authors proposed solutions that make it possible to obtain closer values of s r for soils. It was also experimentally proved that the value of the active compression region for soil wells with internal effective pressure р 1 is almost two times higher than the value obtained for stamp tests in half-space conditions. The authors obtained mathematical expressions of the strength and stability of wells from gravitational loads of soil.
SEMI-QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF DEBRIS FLOW RISKS ON HIGHWAYS
Authors: Matsiy S. I , Sukhlyaeva L. A
Published: July 2020

Semi-quantitative methodology for determining the category of debris flow risks of transport infrastructure facilities is designed to detect potential debris flow vulnerable parts of highways and to assess the effects of debris flows. The results obtained through this methodology can be used to justify the sequence of repair works or the construction of means of engineering protection, monitoring measures and alert system. The technical expertise of debris flow vulnerable tracks on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory and the calculation of flow parameters allow ranking of the formation factors in relation to each other. Each factor is awarded points in accordance with the display intensity and the impact on the road. The mutual influence of individual factors is determined by integration which is performed by combination of summation and multiplication. The main criteria of a debris flow formation are: steepness of slopes and riverbeds of watersheds, the amount of destroyed rocks elements (erosion process development degree; presence, amount and location of segments with large reserves of deposited drift), sources of the water component of flows, heights of the area, geological structure, plant cover, erosion and weathering processes intensity; information about previous mudflows (frequency of occurrence, volume of removals). The technical state of anti-mudflow and engineering protection building structures also plays an essential role in the risk assessment. Due to some damage accumulated over time there is decrease in strength and stability, the possibility of construction destruction increases. The previous sediments and the construction parts involvement creates a breakthrough wave, a significant increase in the mudflow and therefore the damage.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE FAR NORTH
Authors: Kasharina T. P , Protsenko N. N
Published: July 2020

This article discusses the creation and development of sustainable natural-technical systems that favorably affect the living conditions of the indigenous peoples of the Far North; developing means to protect them from negative impacts; New methods and criteria for assessing environmental factors affecting them, including urban construction. Sustainable construction provides a new paradigm of attitudes towards nature: the traditions of the indigenous population, because the buildings of the middle zone are not always perceived for the conditions of the Far North; the introduction of a set of completely new principles that were not considered during construction: the quality of the living environment; resource conservation, pollution control (emissions), social equity, etc.At present, the infrastructure field has a significant impact, which allows speeding up the process of obtaining the necessary data on a specific issue. For the regions of the Arctic (Extreme North), the creation of eco-homes, that is, effective low-rise, bioclimatic, blocked houses or a house with a plot of land and using it in conjunction with agricultural technology - permoculture, which applies to all aspects of ecology, economics and public life, is most appropriate. , including the contribution of man and the creation of his own ecosystems necessary for sustainable agriculture in specific zones. When developing plans for integrated innovation projects, they take into account: economic and environmental issues of design solutions; the creation of technical systems that provide the population with food.
EXPERIMENTAL TESTS OF THE BASIS OF “FUNDEX” PILES AFTER THE LONG “RELAXATION” IN CLAY SOILS
Authors: Savinov A. V , Frolov V. E , Brovikov Y. N , Kozhinskiy M. P
Published: July 2020

In the soil conditions, typical for the city of Saratov, piles on Fundex technology with a loss screw tip of DPOS-4E are executed. After the long «relaxation» of piles without loading guaranteeing completion generally of processes of compaction, consolidation, restitution of the water and colloid communications additional engineering-geological researches are executed and the complex of laboratory researches of parameters of the near pile array of a soil is conducted. Physicomechanical characteristics of the basis immediately at a lateral area and at the lower end of a pile, apart by 1 m are received from its side and in a soil of natural addition. Results are compared in a tabular and graphic form. Conclusions are drawn on the nature of changes of physical, strength and deformation characteristics of the near pile array of a soil at various distance from a lateral area of a pile. The essential differences in formation of the condensed soil zones around Fundex piles from the traditional displacing drive and pressed piles influencing a carrying capacity (the extreme resistance) of the basis of stuffed piles are noted. Comparison of the obtained datas of laboratory with results of field tests of similar piles in identical soil conditions after long “relaxation” (3 months) in accordance with static indenting and pull out loads. Conclusions are drawn on need of additional pilot studies of the basis of Fundex piles for the wide range of soil conditions by laboratory and field methods with parallel tests by the dead pressing and pulling-out loads.
INCREASING THE STABILITY OF THE SAND CUSHION BY PRESTRESSING THE REINFORCING LAYERS OF GEOSYNTHETICS
Authors: Shiranov A. M , Nevzorov A. L
Published: July 2020

The use of prestressing of geosynthetics allows accelerate their inclusion in work, reduce deformations and gaining bearing capacity of artificial foundation. The article presents results of research of two methods of construction reinforced sand cushions. In the first case, the effect of prestressing is achieved due to a certain order of layer-by-layer soil compaction of the cushion, in the second - by laying of the swellable material between the contours of the foundations. The experiments were carried out in a laboratory tank with a pneumatic loading device. There are three stamps united by a common frame on the surface of the cushion. To assess the stress-strain state of the soil foundation, the non-contact digital tracer imaging method was used. The experimental results are presented in the graphs form of the dependence of the stamp settlement on pressure and vector fields of particle movements. Modeling has confirmed the high efficiency of prestressing. The ultimate pressure on the soil foundation with two-layer horizontal reinforcement and prestressing of the reinforcing layers in the first method was 195 kPa, in the second method - 165 kPa, whereas in the absence of prestressing this value was 110 kPa. Foundation deformations also decreased significantly.
CAUSES OF DEFORMATION OF THE FOUNDATION STRUCTURES OF THE PASSENGER TERMINAL AIRPORT "SOKOL" (MAGADAN)
Authors: Vlasov V. P , Bolotin A. V , Sergeev S. M , Lunegova A. A
Published: July 2020

The main purpose of the reconstruction of this airport is to ensure that the engineering infrastructure complies with the modern requirements of air transportation services and transport security. In our opinion, the list of objects of reconstruction, which now includes an apron, lighting equipment, two checkpoints, a system for lighting aircraft parking places, a water supply network, communications, heat, perimeter fencing, etc., must necessarily enter and passenger terminal. While it is not listed. The article deals with the problem of determining the reliability and future operational suitability of the base and foundations of the passenger terminal at the «Sokol Magadan Airport» with a service life of more than 50 years. In this regard, a brief description of the natural conditions of the territory of the specified object is given. The peculiarity of the construction area is its seismicity (up to 8 points), deep seasonal freezing and insular distribution of permafrost soils. The problem is due to the fact that this building, consisting of two independent blocks, each of which was erected in different years on different types of pile foundations, practically began to undergo deformations after their commissioning. These deformations are manifested and manifest now on the external and internal walls in the form of cracks of different sizes. An attempt to determine their causes was made during the construction of the second half of the building, but it coincided in time with the collapse of the USSR, and therefore was not brought to a logical end. The object was put into operation without correcting the existing errors in the foundation device and foundation structures, as well as the necessary strengthening measures in such cases. In the future, it was limited to periodic redecoration and decommissioning of the most dangerous premises for people to visit. The present paper assesses the very difficult natural conditions of the territory (climate, island degrading permafrost, seismic), where the «Sokol Airport» has been operating for more than half a century. During this time, many objects of its engineering infrastructure as a result of negative interaction with the environment have received noticeable physical and moral deterioration. These include the passenger terminal. In this regard, they almost all need modern modernization and reconstruction, especially since «Sokol Airport» has received international status of Federal significance. The article substantiates the need for a geotechnical survey of the base and foundations of a deformable building. The implementation of this work is due to the alleged reprofiling of the problem building under the cargo terminal. The results of the survey will be used in the design of a new passenger terminal.
COUNTRY HOUSE IN STYLE GLASS FACHWERK
Authors: Zubareva G. I
Published: July 2020

The urgency of the design and construction of country houses in the style of fachwerk is noted. The definition of fachwerk is given. The system of criteria characterizing the fachwerk is listed: the presence of a frame with braces and enclosing filling with various materials: clay, ceramic brick, natural stone. It is noted that glass is one of the most popular materials used in construction, including individual houses. The concept of glass fachwerk as a frame with glazing elements is defined. It is noted that with the advent of new building materials and tools, the construction of country houses using the glass fachwerk technology underwent many changes that affected virtually all the elements of the house's construction: foundation, frame, joint system, roof, roof and glass. The modern technology for the construction of glass fachwerk is described. The requirements for double-glazed windows fachwerk are discussed: high strength, increased sound and heat insulation, protection from solar ultraviolet radiation. A wide range of double-glazed windows satisfying these requirements is given: sun-reflecting, energy-saving, multifunctional and safe (triplex) glasses. The advantages and disadvantages of suburban half-timbered glass houses are discussed. It is shown that the individuality of a glass-fachwerk country house is achieved by the variability of its glazing: frame, frameless, and also depending on the percentage of glazing at home. The conclusion is made about the prospects of country houses in the style of glass half-timbered for the regions of Russia, taking into account the use of new building materials.
LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA IDENTIDAD PROTONACIONAL EN LA AMÉRICA VIRREINAL: EL CASO DE MARIANA DE JESÚS EN QUITO
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Tannia Edith
Published: July 2020

La nación es una construcción cultural del siglo XVIII. Sin embargo, la identidad de las naciones modernas tiene su origen en imaginarios más antiguos. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir la relevancia que tuvo el discurso religioso en la formación de la nación ecuatoriana. Por medio del análisis del discurso, este artículo detalla el caso de Santa Mariana de Jesús en Quito y lo compara con otros dos casos de ciudades latinoamericanas cuya identidad protonacional se formó en la etapa virreinal tomando como base un culto religioso local: México y la Virgen de Guadalupe y Lima y Santa Rosa. El estudio concluye que los orígenes de la nación moderna se hallan en la cultura cristianizada del medievo y que la moderna nación latinoamericana se asienta en un imaginario alimentado por el discurso religioso con fuertes implicaciones políticas.
GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF EFL READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Hernández-Chérrez Elsa , Hidalgo-Camacho Cynthia Soledad , Carrera Verónica
Published: July 2020

It is widely known that effective readers are those who have appropriately developed reading skills. If those skills are not developed, the readers will not achieve the levels of perception needed to solve problems or pass academic tests, neither in their mother tongue nor in a foreign language. For this reason, it is imperative to find the right strategies to enhance reading comprehension in English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners. One of those strategies is the use of graphic organizers, and this study aimed to measure the extent to which it influences the development of reading comprehension of Unidad Educativa Joaquin Lalama students, in Ambato-Ecuador. 40 students in the control group and 35 students in the experimental group constituted the sample.  The data was collected through the observation technique and the comparison of results from a reading comprehension pre-test and post-test. Finally, this study found the use of graphic organizers to be effective for developing reading comprehension in the subjects observed.
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning — A History of DARPA Leadership
Authors: Fikes Richard , Garvey Tom
Published: July 2020

A fundamental goal of artificial intelligence research and development is the creation of machines that demonstrate what humans consider to be intelligent behavior. Effective knowledge representation and reasoning methods are a foundational requirement for intelligent machines. The development of these methods remains a rich and active area of artificial intelligence research in which advances have been motivated by many factors, including interest in new challenge problems, interest in more complex domains, shortcomings of current methods, improved computational support, increases in requirements to interact effectively with humans, and ongoing funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and other agencies. This article highlights several decades of advances in knowledge representation and reasoning methods, paying particular attention to research on planning and on the impact of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's support.
Publicidade como Pedagogia Cultural: representações de gênero nas campanhas de Jean-Paul Gaultier
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Junior Alcidesio , Félix Jeane
Published: July 2020

Compreendendo que os processos educativos têm se estendido para além de uma reflexão meramente voltada aos espaços formalizados de educação, este artigo lança luz à Publicidade, concebendo-a como um artefato cultural que constitui identidades. Por um viés amparado na interface entre os Estudos Culturais e os Estudos de Gênero, procuramos aqui identificar, à luz da análise cultural, as representações de gênero encontradas em 04 imagens das campanhas dos perfumes Le Male e Classique de Jean-Paul Gaultier, apontando que estas, baseando-se em uma ideia de masculinidade viril e potente, bem como em uma feminilidade doce e sensual, carregam identidades estereotipadas de gênero que educam os sujeitos através da ideia de uma naturalização de certos comportamentos atribuídos, dicotomicamente, aos homems e às mulheres.
Corpos infantis na contemporaneidade: deslocamentos e subjetividades na política nacional de alfabetização
Authors: Dutra Isabela , Machado Roseli Belmonte
Published: July 2020

Pensar a infância significa descontruir uma imagem única, reconhecer sua potência múltipla e refletir sobre as subjetividades que vem sendo constituídas. Assim, esta pesquisa objetivou refletir sobre os lugares e as subjetividades que vem sendo produzidas sobre os corpos infantis incluídos nas escolas regulares brasileiras. Para tanto, analisamos documentos sobre a infância e a escola nos últimos tempos, além de analisar a Política Nacional de Alfabetização, de 2019. É um estudo inspirado nos Estudos Foucaultianos, com base nos conceitos de governamento e governamentalidade. Consideramos que está se anunciando deslocamentos na produção de subjetividades para os corpos infantis nas escolas.
Cinema-experiência e os encontros da imagem com a educação
Authors: Antunes da Silva Thiago Dos Santos , Alves Karina Mirian da Cruz Valença , Moraes Maria Thereza Didier de
Published: July 2020

Entendendo o trabalho com imagens como um exercício político, filosófico e estético, encaramos nossas experiências com Cinema-Educação. Perseguindo a questão “a que tipo de imagens nosso conhecimento pedagógico dá lugar?”, procuramos ensaiar formas de lidar com o Cinema-Educação a partir da imagem do Maloqueiro e das noções de Montagem e Cinema-Experiência.
The Impact of Informal Employment of the Population of the Northern Resource-Producing Region on Its Budget
Authors: Khromtsova L.S. , Burundukova E.M. , Osipova V.S.
Published: July 2020

It is currently impossible to analyse the socio-economic situation and the budgets of the Russian regions without taking into account the problems of informal employment. There is a wide variety of publications on this topic. However, they do not sufficiently address the regional features and reasons for the behaviour of economic entities, which do not wish to comply with the legalization requirements. We conducted the research based on the neoliberal concept, which considers the informal sector as a consequence of the excessive regulation and state taxation. We hypothesise that the existence of informal employment in the region results in a budget deficit and requires the development of measures promoting the legalization of self-employed income. The study determined the level and causes of the regional informal employment, and assessed its impact on the budget. As a research methodology, we applied empirical methods, statistical, economic and financial analysis. The survey of the population of the Khanty-Mansy Autonomous Okrug — Yugra, established the nature and the main causes of informal employment. Based on the analysis of the regional budget and labour resources, we have examined the impact of informal employment on the budget and determined its cumulative effect. Finally, we have proposed a methodology for assessing how the existing level of self-employment influences the regional budget. This methodology takes into account not only the damage caused to the regional budget revenue due to the lack of tax payments, but also the damage associated with excessive social expenditures on the self-employed population. The research results can be used for developing the projects aimed at reducing informal employment at all levels of government.
Анализ влияния линейно убывающего вдува и линейно убывающего температурного фактора на параметры математической модели и локальные характеристики тепломассообмена и трения на проницаемых поверхностях гла
Authors: Бильченко Григорий Григорьевич , Бильченко Наталья Григорьевна
Published: July 2020

Исследуются свойства математической модели управления тепломассообменом и трением в ламинарном пограничном слое на проницаемых цилиндрических и сферических поверхностях гиперзвуковых летательных аппаратов. Объединённые системы обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений, полученные методом обобщённых интегральных соотношений А. А. Дородницына для аппроксимации систем уравнений в частных производных, описывающих ламинарные пограничные слои на проницаемых цилиндрических и сферических поверхностях гиперзвуковых летательных аппаратов, применяются в математической модели. Параметры математической модели в точке торможения потока определяются из объединённых систем нелинейных алгебраических уравнений. Вдув в пограничный слой, температурный фактор и магнитное поле используются в качестве управлений. Рассмотрен случай применения на всём участке управления сочетания линейно убывающего вдува, линейно убывающего температурного фактора и постоянного магнитного поля. Для этого сочетания управлений: даётся постановка прямой задачи; изучено влияние на параметры математической модели и локальные характеристики тепломассообмена и трения; сформулированы соответствующие утверждения о подчинении. Проводится сравнение утверждений о подчинении для случая линейно убывающего вдува и линейно убывающего температурного фактора с утверждениями, полученными ранее для других трёх комбинаций управлений. Получены зависимости параметров математической модели и локальных характеристик тепломассообмена и трения от управляющих воздействий. Приведены результаты вычислительных экспериментов. Даны рекомендации по применению результатов вычислительных экспериментов в качестве начальных данных в задачах синтеза эффективного управления как для всего участка управления, так и для его фрагментов.
О гомеоморфности пространств двух фрактальных моделей
Authors: Буховец Алексей Георгиевич , Горелова Марина Владимировна , Сёмин Евгений Александрович
Published: July 2020

В статье приводятся итеративные алгоритмы, реализация которых позволяет получать фрактальные множества. Рассматриваются и последовательно сравниваются два алгоритма, которые реализуют классический подход, известный как «игра хаоса» с постоянными параметрами и подход, основанный на построении случайных разбиений на множестве элементов сходящегося ряда. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать вывод, что множество, получаемое в результате реализации второго подхода, является некоторым инвариантом для построенного предфрактального множества. Показано, что второй из рассмотренных подходов к построению фрактальных множеств, позволяет легко получать гомеоморфные предфрактальные множества. Анализируются топологические свойства аттракторов, полученных в ходе выполнения алгоритмов рандомизированных систем итерированных функций. Отмечается, что некоторые топологические свойства проще устанавливать в пространствах, полученных в ходе реализации второго подхода, и затем транслировать их на другие пространства. В работе представлены две модели биологических сообществ, имеющих стайный характер поведения животных. В качестве примеров, соответствующих интерпретациям двух приведенных в статье различных алгоритмов построения фрактальных множеств, рассматривается поведение медоносных пчел и пелагических рыб в период размножения и формирования стайных совокупностей. Показано, что сам характер размножения (генезис) и поведение особей этих биологических сообществ соответствуют различным алгоритмам процедур рандомизированных систем итерированных функций, которые были ранее рассмотрены. Наиболее заметны существенные различия в поведении этих стайных сообществ будут проявляться в поведении изолированных отдельных частей этих сообществ.
Применение многочленов баттерворта для построения модальных дифференциаторов
Authors: Дылевский А. В.
Published: July 2020

В статье рассматривается метод построения автоматических модальных дифференциаторов с помощью нормированных многочленов Баттерворта. Синтез модальных дифференциаторов сводится к построению следящей системы управления для объекта, представляющего собой последовательное соединение интегрирующих звеньев. Полюсы автоматических модальных дифференциаторов являются корнями многочленов Баттерворта. Полином Баттерворта представляет собой знаменатель фильтра Баттерворта. Корни многочлена Баттерворта расположены на круге некоторого радиуса равноудалённо друг от друга в левой полуплоскости комплексной плоскости. Радиус круга определяется частотой среза фильтра Баттерворта. Построенные модальные дифференциаторы осуществляют асимптотически точное помехозащищенное дифференцирование сигналов из достаточно широкого класса. Класс дифференцируемых сигналов определяется некоторым дифференциальным неравенством и содержит множество непрерывно-дифференцируемых функций с ограниченной старшей производной. Класс дифференцируемых сигналов включает логарифмические, экспоненциальные и тригонометрические функции, алгебраические многочлены. Следует отметить, что вышеперечисленными функциями класс дифференцируемых сигналов не исчерпывается. Модальные дифференциаторы являются помехозащищенными по отношению к высокочастотным помехам. Полоса пропускания сигналов может быть задана за счёт выбора соответствующей частоты среза фильтра Баттерворта. В статье проводится сравнительный анализ модальных дифференциаторов, построенных с помощью многочленов Баттерворта и дифференциаторов, полюсы которых образуют геометрическую последовательность. Для анализа дифференциаторов используются амплитудно-частотные и фазо-частотные характеристики. Приводится пример построения дифференциатора первого порядка. Во временной области рассматривается результат дифференцирования низкочастотного гармонического сигнала. Предлагаемые в статье дифференциаторы могут быть использованы для синтеза высококачественных систем автоматического управления, а также для решения широкого круга задач, связанных с автоматическим дифференцированием.
Фильтрация координат маневрирующего объекта в трехмерном пространстве по частотно-угломерным измерениям
Authors: Кирсанов Эдуард Александрович , Колесников Сергей Анатольевич
Published: July 2020

В рамках марковской теории нелинейной фильтрации в дискретном времени предложены и исследованы алгоритмы фильтрации только декартовых координат и частоты и декартовых координат маневрирующего объекта многопозиционной радиосистемой в трехмерном пространстве, соответственно только по угломерным и по частотно-угломерным измерениям с учетом наличия пропусков и аномальных наблюдений. При этом максимальный состав вектора состояния подвижного источника радиоизлучения включает частоту, декартовы координаты и проекции скорости в трехмерном пространстве. Вектор наблюдения содержит в своем максимальном составе измеренные значения частоты, азимута и угла места источника радиоизлучения, поступающие с выходов радиоприемных устройств обнаружителей-пеленгаторов многопозиционной радиосистемы, и учитывает возможность получения аномальных измерений. При фиксации пропуска наблюдение соответствующего обнаружителя-пеленгатора экстраполируется. Фильтрация вектора состояния осуществляется на основе условно-линейного по отношению к пропускам наблюдений фильтра. При этом начальная оценка вектора состояния и ее ковариационной матрицы может задаваться исходя из априорной информации. Показано, что дополнительный учет изменения не только угловых координат маневрирующего источника радиоизлучения, но и часты его сигнала вследствие эффекта Доплера приводит к более существенному уменьшению ошибки местоопределения по сравнению с расширенным фильтром Калмана.