bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coupling Droplet Microfluidics with Mass Spectrometry for Ultrahigh-Throughput Analysis up to and Above 30Hz.
Authors: Kempa Emily , Smith Clive , Li Xin , bellina bruno , Richardson Keith , Pringle Steven , Galman James L. , Turner Nicholas J. , Barran Perdita
Published: June 2020

High and ultra-high-throughput label-free sample analysis is required by many applications, extending from environ-mental monitoring to drug discovery and industrial biotechnology. HTS methods predominantly are based on a targeted workflow, which can limit their scope. Mass spectrometry readily provides chemical identity and abundance for complex mixtures and here, we use microdroplet generation microfluidics to supply picolitre aliquots for analysis at rates up to and including 33 Hz. This is demon-strated for small molecules, peptides and proteins up to 66 kDa on three commercially available mass spectrometers from salty solutions to mimic cellular environments. Designs for chip-based interfaces that permit this coupling are presented and the merits and challenges of these interfaces are discussed. On an Orbitrap platform droplet infusion rates of 6 Hz are used for the analysis of cytochrome c, on a DTIMS Q-TOF similar rates were obtained and on a TWIMS Q-TOF utilizing IM-MS software rates up to 33 Hz are demonstrated. The potential of this approach is demonstrated with proof of concept experiments on crude mixtures including egg white, unpurified recombinant protein and a biotransformation supernatant.
Flooded by Success: On the Role of Electrode Wettability in CO2 Electrolyzers That Generate Liquid Products
Authors: Leonard McLain , Orella Michael , Aiello Nick , Román-Leshkov Yuriy , Forner-Cuenca Antoni , Brushett Fikile
Published: June 2020

The economic operation of carbon dioxide (CO2) electrolyzers generating liquid products will likely require high reactant conversions and high product concentrations, conditions anticipated to challenge existing gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs). Notably, electrode wettability will increase as lower surface tension products (e.g., formic acid, methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol) are introduced into flowing electrolyte streams potentially leading to flooding. To better understand the hydraulically stable electrolyzer operating envelopes in mixed aqueous-organic liquid domains, we connect intrinsic porous electrode wettability descriptors to system operating parameters such as electrolyte flow rate and applied current. Specifically, we first measure contact angles of various water-organic dilutions on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and graphite surfaces as ex situ planar analogues for the major GDE components. We then use material balances around the reactive gas-liquid interface, to calculate product mass fractions as a function of liquid water sweep rate (water source and diluent) and the total current. Product composition maps enable visualization of the extent to which changes in cell performance can lead to changes in capillary pressure, a crucial determinant of GDE saturation. These analyses reveal that formic acid product mixtures pose little risk for GDE flooding across a wide range of flow rate and current combinations, but that effluents enriched with less than 30% alcohols content by mass may cause flooding. This study provides initial guidance into estimating flooding conditions for PTFE-based GDEs in contact with organic-enriched streams and indicates opportunities for oleophobic surface treatments that repel aqueous and organic liquids, expanding regions of stable operation
Oxygen Storage in Transition Metal-Doped Bixbyite Vanadium Sesquioxide Nanocrystals
Authors: Reimnitz Lauren , Lwin Thiri , Lopez Mario , Milliron Delia
Published: June 2020

Bixbyite vanadium sesquioxide (V2O3) is a metastable polymorph of vanadium oxide that has been shown to have a significant oxygen storage capacity with very low temperature oxidation onset. In this work, bixbyite V2O3 nanocrystals were synthesized with titanium and manganese dopants. Doped materials with varied dopant concentration were synthesized, and all were incorporated as aliovalent metal ions. The oxygen storage capacity of these nanocrystal materials was evaluated over ten oxidation and reduction cycles. It was found that over these ten cycles, the oxygen storage capacity of all the materials fell drastically. In situ X-ray diffraction evidence shows that manganese-doped materials degrade into an amorphous manganese-containing vanadate, while titanium-doped materials form crystalline degradation products. In all cases, this degradation causes an increase in the minimum mass achieved during oxygen release, indicating irreversible oxidation.
New Theoretical Insight into the Reaction Kinetics of Toluene and Hydroxyl Radicals
Authors: Wu Xiaoqing , Huang Can , Niu Shiyao , Zhang Feng
Published: June 2020

Toluene’s removal mechanism in the atmosphere is mainly attributed to OH radical, which includes major OH-addition and minor H-abstraction reactions. The cresols and RO2 derived from OHadducts reacting to O2 have significant impacts on the generation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) and O3. However, computed branching ratios of various OH-adducts at various theoretical levels are largely inconsistent, mainly because previously reported barrier heights of OH-addition reaction showed a strong method dependence. In the present study, we demonstrate that this reaction involves a nonnegligible anharmonic effect (during the process of OH moving to the benzene ring), which has been overlooked by previous studies. The reaction kinetics of toluene + OH was systematically studied by a high-level quantum chemical method (CCSD(T)-F12/cc-pVQZ-F12//B2PLYP-D3/6-311++G(d,p)) combined with RRKM/master equation simulations. The particle-in-a-box approximation was used to treat the anharmonicity in this system. The final total rate coefficient is calculated to be 2.60 × 10−12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 at 300 K and 1 atm. The main products for toluene + OH are computed as ortho-adducts (50.8%), benzyl radical + H2O (21.1%), ipso-adduct (16.3%), para-adduct (6.1%), and meta-adduct (4.6%). Our results indicate that both high level quantum chemical calculations for the crucial barrier heights and appropriate treatments for the anharmonicity determine the accuracy of the final computed total rate coefficients and branching ratios. Further analysis on the branching ratios of various reaction channels provides insight into the atmosphere-initiated oxidation of toluene.
Preventive measures for Dental Professionals during worldwide emergency COVID-19
Authors: Samrudhi Khatod  , Anuja Ikhar  , Pradnya Nikhade  , Kaustubh Khatod
Published: June 2020

Coronavirus (CoV-2) is a rapidly spreading viral infection all over the world. World Health Organisation declared COVID- 19 as the pandemic disease. Professionally, Dentists are prone to get the cross-infection. And are at 100% risk. This is because Dentists come across face to face communication with the patients, frequent exposure to saliva, blood, other body fluids while handling the teeth and sharp instruments. So, precautionary and preventive measures should be taken to prevent and minimize the cross-infection and spread of COVID-19. The susceptible people of COVID-19 are those who had a travel history from abroad, elderly people, immuno-compromised, and people with co-morbidities. This condition is more prevalent in males when compared to females. Transmission can be broadly divided into the direct and indirect transmission. In general, a COVID infected patient shows signs of symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue, headache, body pain, lethargy, and breathlessness. At present, no cure or vaccine has been discovered. Currently, a combination of anti-viral and anti-malarial drugs is being used to treat patients. Simultaneously, multi-vitamins and Hydroxychloroquine is administered to most susceptible patients after consulting the physician. Prevention for aerosol, body fluids, nasal discharge is a must. Disinfection of surrounding and personal protective wear, which includes a face shield, mask, gown, head cap, double gloving, and glasses, should be worn by healthcare professionals to limit the contact to the virus. Social distancing is a must to control the transmission of this disease.
Representation of some special functions on transcendence basis
Authors: Chien Bui Van
Published: June 2020

The special functions such as multiple harmonic sums, polyzetas or multiple polylogarithm functions are compatible with quasi-shuffle algebras. By using transcendence bases of the quasi-shuffle algebras studied in the paper [4], we will express non-commutative generating series of these special functions and then identify on the local coordinates to reduce their polynomial relations or asymptotic expansions indexed by these bases.
A theoretical study of structure, bonding and property of platinum(II)-8-hydroxyquinolines complexes with carbene and heavier homologues
Authors: Loan Huynh Thi Phuong , Duc Hoang Van , Nhung Nguyen Thi Ai
Published: June 2020

In this work, a theoretical study for platinum(II)-8-hydroxyquinoline-tetrylene complexes [{PtCl–C9H6NO}–NHEPh] (Pt–EPh) is carried out for the first time by using the density functional theory (DFT). Quantum chemical calculations with DFT and charge methods at the BP86 level with basic sets SVP and TZVPP have been perfomed to get insight into the structures and property of Pt–EPh. The optimization of equilibrium geometries of the ligands EPh in Pt–EPh, bonded in the distorted end-on way to the Pt fragment is studied, in which the bending angle slightly decreases from carbene Pt–CPh to germylene Pt–GePh. Quantum chemical parameters such as EHOMO, ELUMO, the energy gap (ELUMO – EHOMO), electronegativity, global hardness, and global softness in the neutral molecules have been calculated and discussed. Bond dissociation energies decrease from the slighter to the heavier homologues. The hybridization of atoms E has large p characters, while the hybridization of atom Pt has a greater d character. Thus, the Pt–E bond possesses not only NHEPh→{PtCl–C9H6NO} strong -donation but also a significant contribution of π-donation NHEPh→{PtCl–C9H6NO}, and a weak π-backdonation metal-ligand NHEPh←{PtCl-C9H6NO} in complexes Pt-EPh is also considered.
Higher-order nonclassical and entanglement properties in photon-added trio coherent state
Authors: Dat Tran Quang , Duc Truong Minh
Published: June 2020

This paper studies the higher-order nonclassical and entanglement properties in the photon-added trio coherent state (PATCS). We use the criterion of higher-order single-mode antibunching to evaluate the role of the photon addition operation. Furthermore, the general criteria for detection of higher-order three-mode sum squeezing and entanglement features in the PATCS are also investigated. The results show that the photon addition operation to a trio coherent state can enhance the degree of both the higher-order single-mode antibunching and the higher-order three-mode sum squeezing and enlarge the value of the higher-order three-mode entanglement factor in the photon-added trio coherent state. In addition, the manifestation of the single-mode antibunching and the entanglement properties are more obvious with increasing the higher values of orders.
Pairing effects on neutron elastic scattering at low-energies
Authors: Tung N. Hoang , Thuy T. Dieu , Tam D. Quang , Quynh Tran T. Ngoc , Nhan Hao T. V.
Published: June 2020

For the first time, a realistic microscopic calculation for low-energy neutron-nucleus elastic scattering off open-shell nuclei is carried out within the framework of particle-vibration coupling (PVC). In this study, the pairing correlations of the ground state are taken into account. The dependence of the angular distributions on the pairing gaps is discussed.
农业产业化对农产品价值链的影响研究
Authors: 许 笛
Published: June 2020

论文针对几种不同的农业产业化类型进行分析，结合中国目前农产品价值链的构成特点，阐述了农业产业化对农产品价值链的影响，并提出了促进农产品价值链增值的有效策略，希望能够为相关研究人员提供一些参考依据，旨在促进中国农业产业化的转型与升级。
刍议新时期建筑企业市场营销战略创新
Authors: 魏 浩
Published: June 2020

在新的历史时期，市场竞争逐渐激烈起来，对于当前建筑企业来讲，为了能够在日益激烈的环境当中获得壮大和发展，需要进一步做好市场营销工作。开展市场营销工作过程当中要求各大建筑企业能够实现战略创新，只有这样才能够让建筑企业在市场环境当中占据有利位置，提高建筑企业经济效益和市场竞争能力。其中，强化市场营销工作是当前企业不可忽视的一项紧迫任务，需要引起高度重视。论文主要是关于新时期建筑企业市场营销战略创新的研究，以供相关专业人士进行参考和借鉴。
试论内部审计视角下的企业应收账款管理与风险防范
Authors: 洪 钒嘉
Published: June 2020

随着中国市场经济的发展，企业间商品交易的形式也发生了很大的变化，许多企业都面临着应收账持续升高的问题。应收账款作为企业日常运营的流动资产，其关系着企业能否顺利运营。基于此，论文对企业应收账款管理入手，提出了风险防范措施，以供参考。
大数据犯罪的侦查对策文献综述
Authors: 王 聪
Published: June 2020

在科学技术发展迅猛的今天，数据作为一项先进的技术，已经渗透在社会生活的各个层面，数据的高效性、便捷性和易传递性发挥着巨大的优势，也因此不断地改变人们的生活方式。中国目前针对网络的立法尚未建立完善，网络监管相对薄弱，这就给了犯罪分子可趁之机，导致目前中国利用网络大数据的犯罪不断加剧。论文针对大数据背景下新的犯罪形式进行介绍分析，梳理现有文献中提出的应对此种犯罪新的侦查方法。针对这个问题的研究，希望对今后的犯罪侦查工作和社会治理有所帮助。
加强物业管理企业财务内部控制的思考
Authors: 黄 萍
Published: June 2020

在房地产市场快速发展的背景下，物业管理也得到了相应进步。物业管理在实施过程中，是将市场作为中心，具有多层次、全方位的特点，也有自身特殊的管理方式。对于企业当中的财务管理来讲，往往内容更加琐碎、复杂。因此，应给予财务内部控制充分重视，实现长远、健康的发展。
经济新常态下中国中小企业财务管理问题与对策研究
Authors: 施 乃溶
Published: June 2020

中小企业在中国社会经济发展中占据重要位置，新常态下中小企业财务管理亟待创新，论文通过对企业财务管理问题进行分析，结合实际工作探讨有效的管理措施。
Fritz Hans Schweingruber, 1936-2020, who moved the boundaries of wood anatomy and dendrochronology
Authors: Čufar Katarina
Published: June 2020

Prof. Dr. Fritz Hans Schweingruber (29 February 1936 – 7 January 2020) was a key wood anatomist and dendrochronologist, teacher and organiser of summer field schools, who established an extensive network of scientists, wrote key books, contributed to the construction of publicly accessible databases, popularised and revealed unimaginable possibilities for the development and use of wood anatomy and dendrochronology. He established an intellectual legacy that will inspire his followers around the world for a long time to come.
Measuring the vocabulary size of native speakers of English in New Zealand secondary schools
Authors: Coxhead Averil , Nation Paul , Sim D
Published: June 2020

© 2015 New Zealand Association for Research in Education. The primary aim of this study was to examine the vocabulary size of native speakers of English in New Zealand secondary schools. Two equivalent forms of the 20,000 version of the vocabulary size test were used in this study. Two hundred and twenty-seven 13-18-year-old native speakers of English at secondary school took an individually administered version of the test. The data from this study fits with the vocabulary size estimates for younger native speakers of Biemiller and Slonim (J Educ Psychol 93:498-520, 2001). The results suggest that most native speakers at secondary school have enough general purpose vocabulary to cope with their reading at school, and any deliberate attention to vocabulary should focus on subject-specific vocabulary.
Principles guiding vocabulary learning through extensive reading
Authors: Nation Paul
Published: June 2020

No description supplied
Designing reading tasks to maximise vocabulary learning
Authors: Nation Paul
Published: June 2020

No description supplied
Mid-frequency readers
Authors: Nation Paul , Anthony Laurence
Published: June 2020

No description supplied
Shariah Governance Characteristics and Risk-Taking of Local and Foreign Islamic Banks in Malaysia: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Salina Rasli  , Aza Azlina Md Kassim  , Abul Bashar Bhuiyan
Published: June 2020

Purpose: In Malaysia, since the global financial crisis in 2007 and 2008, the low level of stability, excessive risk-taking and weak governance structure in the dual banking system has become essential for deliberation. The purpose of this research is to develop a conceptual model on the effect of Shariah governance characteristics on risk-taking between local and foreign of Islamic banks in Malaysia.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Based on prior review of indicators and findings, this research proposes a conceptual model of effective Shariah governance characteristics and its effect on risk-taking of Islamic banks. A self-develop of Shariah board index (SB-Index) based on SB size, education background, membership with IFSB and attendance in meeting. Insolvency risk, credit risk and liquidity risk are the proxy used for risk-taking measurement. The theory of stewardship and resource dependency theory are used as examples of the theories of corporate governance to support the conceptual framework suggested.
Findings: The Islamic banks in Malaysia are assumed to have effective Shariah governance and there will be low impact on risk-taking.
Implications/Originality/Value: The regulators of Islamic banks must prepare for the need to improve the current standards for corporate governance in Malaysia.
Study of the effect of tensile stresses on hydrogen absorption upon cathodic protection of steel in sea water
Authors: Rakovskaya E. G. , Yagunova L. K.
Published: June 2020

When using cathodic protection of steel in sea water, hydrogen can be accumulated on the cathode surface and penetrate deep into the metal. This rather dangerous phenomenon of hydrogen corrosion can lead to hydrogen embrittlement, i.e., to destruction of the metal. We present the results of studying the impact of the temperature and external tensile stresses on the hydrogenation of cathodically protected steel in calm and mobile Baltic sea water. Dependence of the inhibitory hydrogenation on the temperature and applied load under the action of benzenesulfapyridine chloride as an inhibitor was analyzed. An MIP-102 machine (wire samples) and special equipment (half-ring and plate lamellar samples) were used to provide smooth control of the applied load set by the deflection and controlled by dynamometers (lamellar samples were tested under constant deformation). When studying the effect of temperature on steel hydrogenation, the working cell was thermostatically controlled. The wire and plate samples were polarized for 96 h, and half-ring samples for 1 h. The potential was measured with respect to the silver chloride reference electrode. The layered distribution of absorbed hydrogen in the metal was determined using anodic dissolution. It is shown that external tensile stresses increase the hydrogen content in the surface layers of steel. Hydrogen absorbed by a metal changes the potential of the steel surface (the more absorbed hydrogen, the stronger change). It is also shown that hydrogen is absorbed by the metal more actively in moving seawater than in calm water, and an increase in the load contributes to an increase in hydrogen content in the metal both in calm and mobile seawater. However, the load did not affect the hydrogen absorption with the inhibitor present, thus providing reduction of the hydrogen content in the metal under loading.
New Datasets from RAND
Authors: Editors
Published: June 2020

New Datasets from RAND
IFDO/IASSIST '89 Workshops
Authors: Editors
Published: June 2020

IFDO/IASSIST '89 Workshops
IASSIST 2006 Call for Papers & Strategic Plan Publication Award
Authors: Editors
Published: June 2020

IASSIST 2006 Call for Papers & Strategic Plan Publication Award
Networks and Networking
Authors: Madron Thomas William
Published: June 2020

Networks and Networking
ISSC Stein Rokkan Prize, Workshops etc.
Authors: Editors
Published: June 2020

ISSC Stein Rokkan Prize, Workshops etc.
Technology of Data: Collection, Communication, Access and Preservation - IASSIST 2008
Authors: Editors
Published: June 2020

Technology of Data: Collection, Communication, Access and Preservation - IASSIST 2008
IASSIST 2011 - Call For Papers
Authors: Editors
Published: June 2020

IASSIST 2011 - Call For Papers
Peran Literasi Keuangan Syariah dalam memoderasi Pengaruh Demografi terhadap Minat Menabung Pada Perbankan Syariah
Authors: Candera Mister , Afrilliana Nadia , Ahdan Renggawuni
Published: June 2020

Kota Palembang merupakan salah satu Provinsi dengan penduduk mayoritas muslim, dengan hal ini maka Bank Syariah seharusnya mampu bersaing dengan bank-bank konvensional melalui produk-produk yang berbasis syariah. Namun, jika dilihat dari pertumbuhan dan perkembangan jumlah nasabahnya bank syariah masih cukup kesulitan dalam berkompetisi dengan bank konvensional. Oleh karena itu, maka perlu dilakukan kajian yang lebih mendalam berkenaan dengan faktor yang mempengaruhi minat menabung masyarakat dengan memanfaatkan literasi keuangan syariah sebagai variabel pemoderasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kota Palembang, dengan responden yaitu nasabah bank syariah. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang disebar secara online dan dianalisis menggunakan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa literasi keuangan syariah tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh demografi pada indikator jenis kelamin, usia, dan pendapatan terhadap minat menabung masyarakat pada Bank Syariah di Kota Palembang. Namun, mampu memoderasi pengaruh demografi pada indikator tingkat pendidikan (pada α = 0,10) terhadap minat menabung masyarakat pada bank syariah di Kota Palembang. Literasi keuangan syariah hanya mampu berperan sebagai variabel independen.
Personnel Licencing in Aviation Authorities: An Implementation in Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics of Eskisehir Technical University
Authors: ATEŞ Savaş Selahattin , KAFALI Haşim
Published: June 2020

The aviation industry, which is the newest of the
types of transportation, has had to deal with structural problems as it
develops and grows. These problems tried to be solved with international,
regional, and national aviation authorities by rule makers. One of the problems
of the aviation industry is qualified human resources. Air transportation
cannot be carried out without air and ground personnel in today's conditions.
The execution of efficient and safe flight operations depends on the
competence, abilities and training of its personnel. Special trainings are
required to work in the aviation industry. These trainings are determined and
regulated by aviation authorities. Airlines, higher education institutions,
aviation schools, etc. are conducts trainings to meet the needs of qualified
personnel. However, most of the higher education institutions do not prepare
their curricula according to the regulations of the authorities. In this
research, aviation authorities and personnel licensing, higher education
institutions and authorization topics were examined; The requirements for
authorization of the Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics of Eskisehir
Technical University under SHY-UHU and SHT-EGITIM/HAD have been established and
compared with the current situation; and suggestions to Eskisehir Technical
University on authorization were made.
Healthcare Governance Design in Blockchain
Authors: Garritsen George , Veuger Jan
Published: June 2020

As a technology, Blockchain will make an important contribution to organizing differently within profit, non-profit organizations and society. The aim of this reorganization is to reduce the pressure of regulation and work by digitally regulating the trust that is now often given by third parties. In addition, Blockchain goes over and through various processes, as a result of which third parties are no longer directly necessary due to the different organization of trust. What does organizing differently now mean for the use of coordination as a mechanism to steer organizations? This article, based on a thorough literature study will give an answer to this question. We looked at how coordination problems can be minimized by organizing it differently. Organizing differently here means no longer working from a central network but collaborating within a decentralized network with Blockchain as the technology. The interaction between the type of organization, the organizational policy, the processes, applications and infrastructure is essential in this respect, in which interoperability plays an important role. Blockchain ultimately contributes to reducing the response time of organizations, which in turn increases their adaptive capacity and therefore makes it possible to respond more quickly to changing market conditions, which are currently also occurring in the healthcare sector.
PENGARUH FAKTOR ORGANISASI TERHADAP MATURITAS BUDAYA KESELAMATAN PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT A.M PARIKESIT TENGGARONG TAHUN 2017
Authors: Silalahi Mauritz , Rivai Fridawaty , Amiruddin Ridwan
Published: June 2020

Keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit adalah suatu sistem dimana rumah sakit membuat asuhan pasien lebih aman.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kepemimpinan, komunikasi dan kerja tim terhadap maturitas budaya keselamatan pasien di Rumah Sakit A.M Parikesit Tenggarong. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit A.M Parikesit Tenggarong. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 175 responden yang merupakan staf di rumah sakit. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linear untuk melihat pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh kepemimpinan terhadap maturitas budaya keselamatan pasien (p=0.000). Ada pengaruh komunikasi terhadap maturitas budaya keselamatan pasien (p=0.000). Ada pengaruh kerja tim terhadap maturitas budaya keselamatan pasien (p=0.000). Tingkat maturitas budaya keselamatan pasien berada pada kategori proaktif.
HUBUNGAN GAYA HIDUP DENGAN HIPERTENSI GURU SEKOLAH MENENGAH YANG MENGALAMI GULA DARAH PUASA TERGANGGU DI MAKASSAR
Authors: Rahmah St. Mutiatu , Jafar Nurhaedar , Russeng Syamsiar S.
Published: June 2020

Gaya hidup yang kurang sehat menjadi salah satu penyebab timbulnya penyakit degeneratif berupa diabetes mellitus dan hipertensi. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan gaya hidup (pola konsumsi, perilaku merokok, tingkat stres, dan aktivitas fisik) dengan hipertensi guru sekolah menengah yang mengalami gula darah puasa terganggu di Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan rancangan crosssectional. Sampel penelitian adalah guru SMPN dan SMAN di 12 sekolah yang mengalami gula darah puasa terganggu (≥100mg/dl) ditetapkan melalui pemeriksaan kimia darah (n=55). Data diperoleh dari pemeriksaan gula darah puasa, tekanan darah, pola konsumsi, perilaku merokok, tingkat stres, dan aktivitas fisik. Pemeriksaan gula darah puasa dan pengukuran tekanan darah dengan sphygmomanometer dilakukan langsung oleh petugas prodia. Pola konsumsi dikumpulkan melalui recall 1x24 jam yang dinilai dengan Healthy Eating Indeks (HEI-2010), perilaku merokok diukur menggunakan kuesioner, tingkat stres diukur menggunakan kuesioner DASS 21, dan aktivitas fisik diukur menggunakan kuesioner WHO 2001 yang dinyatakan dengan nilai PAL (Physical Activity Level). Dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan sebagian besar sampel berjenis kelamin perempuan (81,8%), berumur ≥50 tahun (72,7%), tingkat pendidikan sarjana (94,5%), memiliki riwayat penyakit keluarga DM (74,5%), dan mengalami obesitas sentral (69,1%). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pola konsumsi (HEI 2010) dengan hipertensi (p=0,049). Akan tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku merokok dengan hipertensi (p=0,327), tingkat stress dengan hipertensi (p=0,178), dan aktivitas fisik dengan hipertensi(p=0,335). Disimpulkan bahwa pola konsumsi yang kurang memiliki hubungan dengan hipertensi.
WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MAROWO KABUPATEN TOJO UNA-UNA
Authors: Arifin Muh. Alwy , Rahayu Sri , Seweng Arifin
Published: June 2020

ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh determinan pemberian ASI eksklusif di Posyandu wilayah kerjaPuskesmas Marowo kabupaten Tojo Una-Una. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif denganpendekatan cross secttional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki bayi 6 – 24bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Marowo berjumlah 358 orang dan sampel penelitian sebanyak 195 orang.Teknik penyampelan yang digunakan adalah penyampelan acak proporsional.. Pengumpulan data dilakukandengan kuesioner. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi square dengan convidance interval (CI) 95% dan α = 0,05.Ujistatistic yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah is regresi logistik berganda dengan menggunakan softwareSPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ASI eksklusif masih sangat rendah (43,1%). adapengaruh yang signifikan antara pengetahuan (p= 0,000), sikap (p=0,11) informasi tentang ASI yang diterimaibu (p=0,000), dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan (p=0,009) terhadap perilaku pemberian Asi eksklusif diPusksesmas Marowo. Sementara paritas (p=0,340) dan dukungan keluarga (p=0,163) tidak berpengaruhsignifikan terhadap perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif. Variable yang paling berpengaruh terhadap perilakupemberian ASI eksklusif adalah pengetahuan dan sikap.
Food security and migration in Africa: a validation of theoretical links using case studies from literature
Authors: Mulazzani Luca , Manrique Rosa , Stancu Catalina , Malorgio Giulio
Published: June 2020

The connection between food security and migration is increasingly discussed by both international agencies and academic literature. However, despite several improvements, we continue to know little about the complex causal-effect relations that link these aspects and, in particular, how much migration patterns are affected by food security issues and how much, as a feedback, migration can affect food security, on both the origin and destination areas. This paper aims firstly to draw a general framework of this nexus and then to validate it using empirical literature on the African continent. A few common points can be emphasized for the continent: due to structural and familiar characteristics, different strategies based on opportunity costs or risk minimization (including food security aspects) may emerge; individuals often migrate following household strategies; multi-nodal households are emerging; land grabbing and land tenure security represent important drivers to be considered; emergencies or critical situations often cause the erosion of women rights. In many situations, the poverty trap prevents most food insecure households to leave marginal lands.
Extrusion technologies of feed and food including biomass of insects (review)
Authors: Pakhomov V. I. , Braginets S. V. , Bakhchevnikov O. N. , Alferov A. S. , Rudoy D. V.
Published: June 2020

The review deals with the problems of extrusion of feed and food including biomass of insects. Inclusion of insects into the composition of feed and food increases their nutritional value through enrichment with protein and fat. Extrusion of the flour from ground and dried insects blended with vegetable raw material, generally presented by grinded grain, is most commonly used. However, the blend of crude larvae of insects and grinded vegetable raw materials can be also successfully extruded. Specific regularities of processes of insect biomass and vegetable raw material extrusion have been developed. It has been established, that with increase in insect content in the extrudate, its color becomes darker, the surface less smooth, the structure more layered. The hardness declines, the value of water absorption index decreases, the value of water solubility index and its moisture content increase. Variation in the rate of raw material feed into the extruder allows to change the properties of a finished extrudate. As the value of raw materials feed increases, the water absorption index of the extrudate and its moisture content decrease, but the water solubility index increases. Rational parameters of the extrusion process general for all blends of vegetable raw materials and insect biomass as well as the nature of their influence on properties of finished extrudate have not been determined yet. The problem of extrusion raw materials for the production of feed and food containing biomass of insects is promising but requires carrying out supplementary studies.
Growing season and productivity of naked oats
Authors: Krotova N. V. , Batalova G. A. , Changzhong Ren , Zhuravleva G. P.
Published: June 2020

A well-studied source material is required for breeding problems to be successfully solved. Evaluation of samples in varying climatic conditions enables to identify highly productive sources. The results of assessment of 56 naked oat varieties of different ecological-geographical origin by duration of the growing season are presented. The studies were carried out in 2017 - 2019 on the sod-podzolic middle-clay soils of the Kirov region. Considerable differences between variety samples according to periods of ripening have been revealed. Classification of naked oat samples by duration of growing season for Volga-Vyatka region is proposed. The most numerous were the groups of middle season and middle-late samples – 41.1 and 35.7 %, respectively, late samples – 17.8 %. The set of early variety samples was very limited (5.4 %). The productivity of naked oat samples varied by years, variation level changed from insignificant to very high (V = 7.91...91.76 %). In the group of early varieties, coefficients of variation were 21.47...34.58 % with productivity of 165...330 g/m2. The evaluation of middle season samples showed mainly high and very high levels of variation in productivity. The exception was made by samples of Belarus k-3899 BYAS-154 (7.91 %) and 15094 MF9521-247 (16.83 %) from the USA with productivity of 139...161 and 182...244 g/m2, respectively. In middle-late and late variety samples, the coefficients of variation within the group were 21.44...68.36 %, and 26.25...68.75 %, respectively. Middle season samples with sustainable productivity are recommended for use in breeding practice, they are k-3897 BYAS-156, k-3898 BYAS-155 (Belarus), 15155 MF9016-31 (USA).
Ridge method of sowing crops on drained lands
Authors: Mitrofanov Y. I. , Antsiferova O. N.
Published: June 2020

The research was carried out in 1991-1994 and in 2012-2019 in the conditions of the Tver region. The effectiveness of two variants of ridge band-broadcast method of sowing grain crops was studied. The soils of the experimental plot were soddy-podzolic, well cultivated, light loamy and loamy sand gleyic drained by closed drainage. It has been established, that in the conditions of the northwestern part of the Non-chernozem zone on drained lands, grain crops (winter rye, winter triticale, barley, oats, spelt) should be grown on ridges 40-80 mm high using an improved ridge band-broadcast method of sowing that ensures smoothing of the soil surface, creation of a compacted bed and good contact of seeds with the soil by pressing them. By ridge band-broadcast method of grain crop sowing, an average 10.3 % increase in field germination of seeds was noted for all crops, plant survival – by 5.8 %, viability of winter rye plants during wintering – by 12.5-19.0 %, enhancing photosynthetic activity of plants, improving the structure and increasing the yield – by 0.21-1.19 t / ha. The yield increase was obtained both due to an increase in the number of productive stems by 17.8 % (on average in crops), and due to a higher grain mass in the ear (panicle) – by 10.0 %. The most significant increase in the number of productive stems during ridge sowing was observed in spelt and winter triticale (by 26.0-83.1 %), in the number of grains – in oats and winter rye (by 4.7-17.9 %), in the weight of 1000 grains – in barley, in grain mass in an ear (panicle) – in oats (17.0-24.0 %) and winter rye (8.0-10.1 %). The advantage of the ridge band-broadcast method of sowing is due to optimizing the area of plant nutrition and improving the agrophysical conditions in the seed layer of the soil.
The backlift techniques of cricketers in the Indian Premier League: batting implications for the shorter format
Authors: Noorbhai Habib
Published: June 2020

Cricket batting is a complex movement which can be broken down into a number of
components such as the grip, stance, initial movement, backlift, downswing and followthrough.
The batting backlift technique (BBT) is an important component of the overall
batting technique, when the batsman lifts the bat in preparation for the downswing when
impact is made with the ball. Research has demonstrated that the BBT appears to be a
key contributing factor to successful batsmanship. For the purpose of this study, video
footage of players from the Indian Premier League (IPL) season was analysed (n = 30).
This was used to identify the type of BBT employed by the batsmen at the moment the
bowler released the ball. The number of players using a lateral batting backlift
technique (LBBT) (n = 27) was significantly greater than those using a straight batting
backlift technique (SBBT) (χ2 = 19.2, df = 1, p < 0.001). The results showed that 90%
of the top performing IPL batsmen during the 2016 season did not adopt the
traditionally taught SBBT. Instead, they adopted a more looped action in which the
movement of the bat at the moment the bowler released the ball was in the direction of
the slips (i.e.: the fielders positioned at an angle behind the batsmen). From this study,
it can be postulated that a LBBT is a key contributing factor for batting success, at least
in the shorter version of the game, as represented by T20 cricket. It is suggested that in
order to score at a rapid rate, as required in T20 games, a LBBT is more effective for
batsmen (particularly for presenting an open face of the bat), whereas a SBBT, which
is a more a defensive action, may be more suitable for use in the more extended Test
match version of the game.
Familiencoach Pflege
Authors: Eymers Eike
Published: June 2020

Die AOK bietet seit einigen Jahren internetbasierte Programme an, die frei und kostenlos zugänglich sind und der Stärkung der Selbsthilfe bei verschiedenen Indikationen dienen. Diese Online-Coaches ermöglichen einen anonymen Zugang zu den Unterstützungsangeboten in Verbindung mit einer zeitlich und örtlich flexiblen Nutzung.
Der Begriff der Anerkennung in den Frühen Hilfen
Authors: Kunze Astrid
Published: June 2020

In der Anerkennungstheorie von Axel Honneth wird der Einfluss der frühen Eltern-Kind-Beziehung auf gesellschaftliche Prozesse hervorgehoben. Die Fähigkeit, einen anderen Menschen anzuerkennen, entsteht in der Beziehung zwischen Eltern und Kind. Honneth bezieht sich in seiner Arbeit auf die Objektbeziehungstheorie und auf Erkenntnisse der modernen Säuglingsforschung. Im folgenden Beitrag wird der Versuch unternommen, die theoretischen Annahmen Honneths mit der Praxis in der Eltern-Säugling-Kleinkind-Beratung zu verbinden. Dieser interdisziplinäre Zugang soll eine Anregung für die praktische Arbeit sein, bisher unbekannte Aspekte kennenzulernen und über Auswirkungen auf der gesellschaftlichen Ebene nachzudenken. Auf der theoretischen Ebene bietet der Bezug zur Praxis die Möglichkeit, Annahmen zu überprüfen und gegebenenfalls zu modifizieren.
Effect of Sample Preparation and Chromatographic Conditions on Background Signal
Authors: Kosman V. M. , Karlina M. V. , Pozharitskaya O. N.
Published: June 2020

The HPLC-UV method is widely used for quantitative analysis of drug substances found in biological samples obtained in pharmacokinetics studies, bioequivalence studies, or during therapeutic drug monitoring. The main limitation is associated with a significant background effect of biological matrixes, limiting the sensitivity of HPLC-UV methods.

The aim of the study was to evaluate sample preparation and chromatographic conditions in terms of background signal level during HPLC-UV analysis of blood plasma.

Material and methods: three types of blood plasma (rat, rabbit and human), three chromatographic modes, and three detection wavelengths were used to assess the effect of the precipitation agent, centrifuge conditions, and the inclusion of the solid-phase extraction (SPE) step into the sample preparation procedure on the background signal level during HPLC-UV analysis.

Results. It was established that the background signal was practically unaffected by the chromatographic mode, centrifugation intensity, or introduction of the SPE step. The background signal levels for human and rabbit blood plasma tended to be lower than that for rat blood plasma. The factors that had the greatest effect on the background signal level were the choice of the precipitation agent during sample preparation, and the detection wavelength. It was shown that acetonitrile is preferable to methanol, and that the near UV region should be avoided.

Conclusions. The identified key aspects of sample preparation procedures and chromatographic conditions can be used in the development and validation of bioanalytical methods for preclinical and clinical studies.
Determination of Anthracene Derivatives in the Antihaemorrhoidal Medicinal Herb Mixture Proctophytol® Using the European Pharmacopoeia Method
Authors: Antonova N. P. , Morgunov I. M. , Prokhvatilova S. P. , Shefer E. P. , Kalinin A. M. , Golomazova T. A.
Published: June 2020

Specialists in pharmacognosy are facing an important task of improving quality control methods for combination herbal medicinal products in order to enable reliable assessment of the content of active substances that are responsible for the drug’s pharmacological effect.

The aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of using the European Pharmacopoeia method to determine the total content of anthracene derivatives in the antihaemorrhoidal medicinal herb mixture Proctophytol® and to propose limit values for the total content of anthracene derivatives.

Materials and methods: individual mixture components containing anthracene derivatives, such as senna leaves and frangula bark, as well as model mixtures containing these individual components in a 1:1 ratio, and a model mixture imitating Proctophytol® were used in the study. The determination of the anthracene derivatives content was carried out using spectrophotometry.

Results: it was demonstrated that the European Pharmacopoeia method could be used to assess the quality of Proctophytol® in terms of anthracene derivatives total content. The spectrophotometric method described in the European Pharmacopoeia has advantages over the methods described in manufacturer specifications for Russian products, because it allows for thorough extraction of the active substances and is standardized for anthracene derivatives.

Conclusions: the European Pharmacopoeia method was adjusted to determine anthracene derivatives in the medicinal herb mixture Proctophytol®. It was proposed to use 70% ethanol instead of 70% methanol as extraction solvent. The authors identified optimum sample weights and test solution dilutions, and calculated and verified the limit for anthracene derivatives content—“Not less than 1.9%”. The adjusted method can be recommended for inclusion in the monographs of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation for medicinal herb mixtures similar to Proctophytol®.
Anti-Tumour Drugs: Planning Preclinical Efficacy and Safety Studies
Authors: Bezborodova O, A. , Pankratov A. A. , Nemtsova E. R. , Venediktova Yu. B. , Vorontsova M. S. , Engalycheva G. N. , Syubaev R. D.
Published: June 2020

The decoding of the DNA structure and development of new molecular methods of its analysis, as well as identification of specific genomic changes responsible for malignant transformation, have become the turning points in elaboration of novel anti-tumour drugs directed against molecular and genetic targets of tumor growth. Transition from empirical screening of agents inhibiting tumour cell proliferation to molecule-targeted analytical methods has raised a number of serious methodological issues regarding preclinical evaluation of novel medicines. The objective of this paper was to analyse general principles and features of preclinical efficacy and safety studies of different classes of modern anti-tumour drugs with a view to improve existing national guidelines. The paper reviews various aspects of preclinical studies of different classes of anti-tumour drugs (small molecule chemotherapy drugs, hormones and hormone antagonists, alkylating agents and antimetabolites, microbial and herbal medicines, as well as monoclonal antibodies). The article explores general principles of studying the drugs’ pharmacological activity in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo, and evaluating their pharmacokinetic parameters. It describes various methods and models of research, summarises specific aspects of determination of genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity, acute and chronic toxicity of various groups of medicines. It also lists criteria for selecting drug doses for toxicokinetic studies. The need for harmonisation of national requirements for conducting preclinical studies with the European standards entails alignment of terminology and further development of general algorithms for selecting doses and determining the necessary scope of research. The use of biomarkers in preclinical studies will make it possible to exclude inefficient compounds from further research.
La era cristiana y la agrimensura
Authors: Titiosky Valeria Sara
Published: June 2020

La larga trayectoria histórica de la profesión va acompañando la evolución de la raza humana y asociada, siempre, a problemas territoriales. La historia de las mediciones se encuentra íntimamente ligada a la evolución de las necesidades de las sociedades humanas de cuantificar la realidad para tratar de atraparla y adecuarla a sus intereses, y, en virtud de las competencias que entran en juego, estas historias de las mediciones se hallan vinculadas a la historia de la agrimensura.

 
Simulación de un sistema fotovoltaico autónomo mediante la herramienta SCILAB
Authors: Marder V. , Cadenas C. , Toranzos V.
Published: June 2020

En el presente trabajo se pone a prueba el dimensionamiento de un sistema fotovoltaico autónomo (Aguilera, 2007) mediante la simulación del mismo utilizando un programa de desarrollo propio en la herramienta informática SCILAB (Campbell, 2006). Este nos permite la predicción de la radiación sobre el plano de los paneles fotovoltaicos a lo largo de varios días en los que arbitrariamente y mediante el uso de factores preingresados se puede simular la disminución de radiación por efectos climáticos. Por otro lado se incorpora el modelo de una curva de consumo para una vivienda rural típica. Obteniéndose como resultado el estado de carga y la tensión hora a hora del banco acumulador en el plazo de varios días. Al momento esta herramienta es muy rudimentaria pero de gran utilidad y simpleza al momento de evaluar una instalación fotovoltaica autónoma, no habiendo inconveniente en mejorarla de acuerdo a las necesidades del problema en cuestión.
Ensayos experimentales del proceso de secado de placas de yeso bajo cubierta y con colector solar de placa plana
Authors: Spotorno R. , Pochettino J. , García F. , Figueredo G. , Vázquez R.
Published: June 2020

En el presente trabajo se exponen los resultados obtenidos de los ensayos experimentales del proceso de secado de placas de yeso, mediante la utilización de un colector solar de placa plana y bajo cubierta. Se obtuvieron curvas representativas del proceso de secado utilizando ambos sistemas, para diferentes condiciones climáticas. Se logró determinar que para un periodo de secado simultaneo de 8,5 horas, la cantidad de agua extraída a la placa en el secado bajo cubierta fue de 640 g de agua, mientras que en el mismo periodo utilizando el colector solar fue de 2880 g de agua, representando un valor significativo respecto al secado bajo cubierta. Además se presentan dos esquemas de funcionamiento del secadero solar de placas de yeso a desarrollar.

 