bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing High-Intensity Actions During a Basketball Game After a Strength Training Program With Random Recovery Times Between Sets
Authors: Arede Jorge , Leite Nuno , Tous-Fajardo Julio , Bishop Chris , Gonzalo-Skok Oliver
Published: March 2021

Arede, J, Leite, N, Tous-Fajardo, J, Bishop, C, and Gonzalo-Skok, O. Enhancing high-intensity actions during a basketball game after a strength training program with random recovery times between sets. J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1989–1997, 2022—To examine the effects of a strength training program with random recovery times between sets in consideration of several physical parameters, high-intensity actions, and spatial exploration index during a simulated basketball game. Twenty male basketball players (age: 19.45 ± 4.36 years) were assigned randomly to either strength training group (n = 10) or control group (n = 10). The strength training included parallel back squat and bench press exercises, twice a week for the duration of 10 weeks, with 2 blocks of 5 sets × 5 repetitions interspersed with variable passive recovery (range = 15–35 seconds) between sets, and constant passive recovery (3 minutes) between blocks with the load that maximized propulsive power output. The pre- and posttest assessments included jumping (bilateral and unilateral), change of direction, straight sprinting, and a 5-on-5 full-court situation. The external training load was assessed using the local positioning system, and the internal load was recorded with the use of individual heart rate monitors. A significant interaction effect (group × time) was observed on countermovement jump, unilateral right hops, high-intensity accelerations and decelerations, and peak accelerations and decelerations in the 5-on-5 full-court situation. Relative improvements observed and recorded in the training group on unilateral right hops, accelerations, and decelerations were correlated. Similar results were observed on 0- to 25-m sprints, high-intensity decelerations, peak accelerations, and decelerations. Strength training paired with random recovery times enhanced physical and game-related aspects in the observed basketball players.
V̇o 2peak Comparison of a Treadmill Vs. Cycling Protocol in Elite Teenage Competitive Runners, Cyclists, and Swimmers
Authors: Marko David , Bahenský Petr , Snarr Ronald L. , Malátová Renata
Published: March 2021

Marko, D, Bahenský, P, Snarr, RL, and Malátová, R. V̇o
2peak Comparison of a treadmill vs. cycling protocol in elite teenage competitive runners, cyclists, and swimmers. J Strength Cond Res 36(10): 2875–2882, 2022—The purpose of this study was to compare the cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses of a maximal graded exercise test (GXT) on a treadmill and cycle ergometer in elite-level, youth competitive athletes. Thirty-one athletes (11 distance runners, 11 mountain-bike cyclists, and 9 long-distance swimmers) were randomly selected to complete either a running or cycling GXT on the first day, followed by the alternative 72 hours apart. The initial work rate for each GXT was set at 50% of the individuals' previously established V̇o
2peak to elicit fatigue within 8–12 minutes. For the treadmill protocol, speed was increased by 1 km·h−1 each minute, with a constant 5% grade, until volitional fatigue. Cycle ergometer work rate was increased by 30 W every minute until volitional fatigue or the inability to maintain proper cadence (i.e., 100 ± 5 rev·min−1). Throughout both testing sessions, V̇o
2peak, heart rate [HR] peak, breathing frequency (BF), tidal volume (VT), and minute ventilation (VE) were assessed and used to compare within-sport differences. Runners displayed a higher V̇o
2peak (∼7%; d = 0.92), HRpeak (4%; d = 0.77), VE (6%; d = 0.66), and BF (12%; d = 0.62) on the treadmill vs. cycle. However, the cycling group demonstrated a greater V̇o
2peak (∼8%; d = 0.92), VT (∼14%; d = 0.99), and VE (∼9%; d = 0.78) on the cycle, despite no change in HRpeak. For swimmers, the treadmill GXT elicited higher values in V̇o
2peak (∼5%; d = 0.75), BF (∼11.5%; d = 0.78), and HRpeak (3%; d = 0.69). Collectively, these findings indicate that exercise mode may greatly affect physiological outcome variables and should be considered before exercise prescription and athletic monitoring.
Corpos estranhos, ou incompreensões da fé. Uma história religiosa sentimental: o caso do Pe. João Batista da Mota Veloso (Vila da Cachoeira – RS, Séc. XIX.).
Authors: Pacheco Henrique Melati
Published: March 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar as potencialidades da utilização de um documento eclesiástico como fonte de reflexões para temática das sensibilidades religiosas brasileiras oitocentistas. Para tal, utilizo uma correspondência, enviada em 1851, assinada pelo Padre Católico Secular: João Batista da Mota Veloso (1818 – 1882), destinada ao Governo da Província do Rio Grande do Sul. A investigação seguiu modelos metodológicos da História Social, recorrendo ao método da busca onomástica, a reconstrução de micro-trajetórias, e aos jogos de escala. Assim, devido ao ineditismo deste tipo de aporte teórico-metodológico e documental, leremos uma microanálise do “texto-chave” da correspondência. O resultado da investigação, por fim, fomenta discussões sobre alguns conceitos e contextos que se referem à história religiosa brasileira oitocentista.Palavras-chave: João Batista da Mota Veloso; Sensibilidades; Conflitos religiosos; Cachoeira do Sul. AbstractThis paper intends to analyze the potential uses of an ecclesiastical document as a source of reflections on the theme of 19th-century Brazilian religious sensibilities. To this aim, I use a correspondence, sent in 1851, signed by the Secular Catholic Father: João Batista da Mota Veloso (1818 - 1882), addressed to the Government of the Province of Rio Grande do Sul. The investigation followed theoretical and methodological models of Social History, using the method of onomastic search, the reconstruction of micro-trajectories, and games of scale. Thus, due to the unprecedented nature of this type of theoretical, methodological, and documentary contribution, we will read a microanalysis of the “key text” of correspondence. The result of the investigation, finally, fosters discussions about some concepts and contexts concerning to 19th-century Brazilian religious history.Keywords: João Batista da Mota Veloso; Sensibilities; Religious conflicts; Cachoeira do Sul.
Stability studies of hybrid TiO2 based nanofluids
Authors: Abd Aziz Radhiyah , Sze Yin Wong
Published: March 2021

This article studies the stability of hybrid TiO2 based nanofluid by varying the ultra-sonication time, weight fraction between carbon and TiO2 and type of surfactant. The objective of this research are synthesise volume fraction of 0.1% C - TiO2 hybrid nanofluid with 15ml of distilled water and study the effect of weight fraction between C and TiO2, type of surfactant and ultra-sonication time to the stability of hybrid nanofluid. Weight fraction between C – TiO2 will be varied at 0% - 100%, 10% - 90%, 50% - 50%, 90% - 10% and 100% - 0%. Different ultrasonication time will be used which are 1, 3 and 5 hours to determine the optimum ultrasonication time for the hybrid nanofluid. Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and Triton X-100 will be added into hybrid nanofluid to determine the effect of surfactant to the stability of hybrid nanofluid. The morphology and particle size characteristic of TiO2 and carbon powder is evaluated by using X-ray diffraction and FESEM. It is shown that TiO2 has particle size of around 30nm while carbon powder used is flat shaped. In this research, two steps method is used to synthesise the hybrid nanofluid. After mixing the two powder together, it will be mixed with distilled water by magnetic stirring for 3 hours. Then ultrasonication is included in synthesise of hybrid nanofluid to prevent agglomeration of particles. The pH values of each hybrid nanofluid is measured by using pH meter. Two stability evaluations are carried out which are centrifugation and zeta potential measurement. Centrifugation is carried out right after hybrid nanofluid is done ultra-sonicated for 30 minutes at 2000 RPM. Hybrid nanofluid that is ultra-sonicated for 3 hours resulted to achieve highest stability with highest value of zeta potential of -21.8 mV. 100% C - 0% TiO2 hybrid nanofluid has the highest zeta potential measurement of -37.6 mV. Finally, for type of surfactant, SDS able to enhance stability of hybrid nanofluid more than Triton X-100. The zeta potential of hybrid nanofluid after addition of SDS reached -47.0 mV which is higher than Triton X-100 which only achieve zeta potential measurement of -24.3 mV.
Why do women choose to undergo oocyte aspiration without sedation or analgesia?
Authors: Gilboa Daniella , Seidman Liron , Kimiagarov Polina , Noni Avia , Doron Ravid , Seidman Daniel S
Published: March 2021

Objective

Oocyte pick-up (OPU) is a painful but essential part of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) that is usually performed under sedation and analgesia (SaA). Our aim was to study that why some women decide to undergo OPU without SaA?

Methods

This was a prospective study using patient questionnaires and the standardized 7-item generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) score. The patients were asked to assess the pain experienced during OPU using a visual analog scale (VAS). The study sample was a convenience sample of 100 healthy women undergoing OPU at our unit with or without SaA.

Results

Women who chose to undergo OPU without SaA were significantly more likely to express the fear of anesthesia. A high pain score (VAS ≥ 6) was reported by significantly more patients who underwent OPU without SaA than with SaA. Yet, 98% of the patients who underwent OPU without SaA stated that in future IVF cycles, they would still choose to undergo OPU without SaA. More patients had high anxiety scores among those who underwent OPU with than without SaA.

Conclusions

Women who chose to undergo OPU without SaA reported more often fear of anesthesia. Although these women experienced significantly more pain during OPU, almost all of them suggested that they would still choose to undergo OPU without SaA. Increased anxiety, as expressed by higher GAD-7 scores, was not associated with a tendency to choose SaA during OPU. The option of OPU without SaA seems to be an acceptable option for selected women.

Lay summary

Egg retrieval from the ovaries is a painful part of in vitro fertilization (IVF). It is, therefore, usually performed under sedation and pain relief (analgesia). The aim of this study was to investigate: Why some women decide to undergo egg retrieval without sedation? We prospectively studied 100 women using patient questionnaires and standardized scores in order to measure patient's pain and anxiety levels. We found that women who chose to undergo egg retrieval without sedation were significantly more likely to express fear of anesthesia. As expected, women who decided to forgo sedation experienced more pain during egg retrieval, yet, 98% of them decided that in future IVF cycles, they would still choose to undergo egg retrieval without sedation. Surprisingly, women who had high anxiety scores were not more likely to ask for sedation during egg retrieval. The option to undergo egg retrieval without sedation during IVF seems to be acceptable for some women.
La tecnología, una estrategia de innovación educativa para los niños de preescolar aprobada por los maestros y padres de familia
Authors: Córdoba Castrillón Mónica María , Ospina Moreno Javier
Published: March 2021

Preschool goes from 3 to 5 years old, a period in which the child is interested in discovering, is curious, needs to know and learn. From this stage, human beings can learn the proper use of technological mediations, seen as support tools, as an innovative educational strategy that will allow men of the future to take advantage of the benefits of the digital world.
The objective of the research is to show how the use of technology can be an educational innovation strategy for children's learning. The orientation of the methodological design of the research corresponds to a descriptive-quantitative, non-experimental study, with longitudinal data collection; A public educational institution in the municipality of Bello (Antioquia) with a preschool level was selected; For the sample, caregivers were selected, with a confidence level of 95% that resulted in 67; for the child experts, a sample defined by convenience with a total of 50 specialists, and the teacher-directors of the groups.
The results show approval by teachers, parents and child specialists regarding the use of technology with positive impact and with proper supervision; This really is an effective, innovative strategy in the learning process in preschool children.
Rita Hayworth murió sin saber quién era. Fronteras del conocimiento y del relato en La estirpe del silencio, de Sandra Lorenzano
Authors: Martínez Rubio José
Published: March 2021

Este artículo analiza La estirpe del silencio, novela de Sandra Lorenzano que recrea la vida de Rita Hayworth, a partir de tres fronteras: la frontera geográfica, la frontera de la memoria, la frontera del lenguaje. Estas marcan los límites no solo entre territorios, sino también entre espacios y conceptos como el progreso y el atraso, la civilización y la violencia, la realidad y la ficción. Es decir: los límites del conocimiento y del relato.Palabras clave: Rita Hayworth, alzhéimer, biografía, ficción, Sandra LorenzanoRita Hayworth died without knowing who she was. Frontiers of knowledge and story in Sandra Lorenzano’s La estirpe del silencioAbstract: This article analyzes La estirpe del silencio, Sandra Lorenzano’s novel, that recreates the life of Rita Hayworth, from three borders: geographical border, the border of memory, language border. These mark the boundaries not only between territories, but also between spaces and concepts as progress and backwardness, civilization and violence, reality and fiction. That is, the limits of knowledge and story.Keywords: Rita Hayworth, Alzheimer, Biography, Fiction
Non-Judicial Procedures of Protecting the Rights of Workers in Belarus, other EEU States and Lithuania*
Authors: Tomashevski Kirill
Published: March 2021

The article explores non-judicial mechanisms for labor disputes in Belarus, other Eurasian Economic Union member states (Armenia, Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan and Russia) and Lithuania in a comparative legal aspect. The author analyzes different procedures for the settlement of individual and collective labor disputes in these countries and puts forward a number of proposals to improve these procedures in the legislation.
Justice in the Republic of Poland: Problems in Implementing the Principle of Independence of the Judiciary
Authors: Balicki Ryszard , Juškevičiūtė-Vilienė Agnė
Published: March 2021

The right-wing populist Law and Justice party , which came to power in 2015 in Poland, sought not only to implement its conservative and Christian ideas through the executive and the legislative powers, but also to influence the justice. This article presents an analysis of legal acts adopted or amended on the initiative of this ruling party, which shows how the judicial power has been systematically usurped by this political party, in spite of the constitutional principle of the separation of powers, and states that the principle of judicial independence has been violated.
Popular Religion in the Pala Period
Authors: Sarker Archishman
Published: March 2021

This article is an iconographic study of four sculptures from northern Bengal, of four female deities associated with Vajrayana Buddhist and Brahmanical cultic and religious practices: Aparajita, Rudra-Camunda, a snake goddess, and Mesavahini Sarasvati. They are housed at the Akshaya Kumar Maitreya Heritage Museum in North Bengal University, the Balurghat College Museum and the Coochbehar Palace Museum—three regional museums in northern West Bengal. Their provenance indicates that they were produced in the heart of the Varendri region, in present-day West Bengal (India) and Bangladesh. This study sheds light on the background in which these images were conceived—that of the co-existence of Vajrayana Buddhist practices and philosophy, several major and minor Brahmanical cults, and other local religious practices whose existence pre-dates both Buddhism and organized Brahmanism.
Considering Comparison: A Method for Religious Studies, by Oliver Freiberger
Authors: Appleton Naomi
Published: March 2021

Considering Comparison: A Method for Religious Studies, by Oliver Freiberger. New York: Oxford University Press, 2019. 256 pp., £64 (hb). ISBN 978-0-19996-500-7.
Living Sharia: Law and Practice in Malaysia by Timothy P. Daniels
Authors: Shah Shanon
Published: March 2021

Living Sharia: Law and Practice in Malaysia by Timothy P. Daniels. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 2017. 280 pp., $30 (pb). ISBN 978-0-29574-255-7.
Altered circular RNA expression profiles in an ovalbumin-induced murine model of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Chen Jie , Xiao Xiyan , He Shan , Qiao Yi , Ma Shuwei
Published: March 2021

Background: Emerging evidence shows that circular RNAs (circRNAs) participate in the pathogenesis of multiple immune diseases. However, few studies have focused on the mechanisms of circRNAs involved in allergic rhinitis (AR).
Methods: This study performed an RNA sequence (RNA-seq) profiling to identify the expression of circRNAs in nasal mucosa from ovalbumin-induced AR murine models and normal controls. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was then conducted to validate the differential expression of circRNAs. Bioinformatics analysis was applied to demonstrate the biological functions of the dysregulated circRNAs.
Results: A total of 86 distinct circRNA candidates were sequenced, of which 51 were upregulated and 35 were downregulated. The T cell receptor, B cell receptor, and calcium signaling pathways may be involved in the pathology of AR. Furthermore, a circRNA-miRNA interaction network was constructed via miRNA response elements analysis. Some circRNAs were cor-related with miRNAs that are involved in T cell polarization and activation, thereby highlighting their potential role in the pathogenesis of AR.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates a number of aberrantly expressed circRNAs related to AR, and offers a novel perspective into AR pathogenesis and future therapeutic strategies.
Chronic cough in childhood: A systematic review for practical guidance by the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
Authors: Marseglia Gian Luigi , Manti Sara , Chiappini Elena , Brambilla Ilaria , Caffarelli Carlo , Calvani Mauro , Cardinale Fabio , Cravidi Claudio , Duse Marzia , Martelli Alberto , Minasi Domenico , Del Giudice Michele Miraglia , Pajno Giovanni , Peroni Diego G. , Tosca Maria Angela , Licari Amelia , Ciprandi Giorgio
Published: March 2021

The current systematic review presented and discussed the most recent studies on pediatric chronic cough. In addition, the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology elaborated a comprehensive algorithm to guide the primary care approach to a pediatric patient with chronic cough.Several algorithms on chronic cough management have been adopted and validated in clinical practice; however, unlike the latter, we developed an algorithm focused on pediatric age, from birth until adulthood. Based on our findings, children and adolescents with chronic cough without cough pointers can be safely managed, initially using the watchful waiting approach and, successively, starting empirical treatment based on cough characteristics. Unlike other algorithms that suggest laboratory and instrumental investigations as a first step, this review highlighted the importance of a “wait and see” approach, consisting of parental reassurance and close clinical observation, also due to interprofessional collaboration and communication between general practitioners and specialists that guarantee better patient management, appropriate prescription behavior, and improved patient outcome. Moreover, the neonatal screening program provided by the Italian National Health System, which intercepts several diseases precociously, allowing to treat them in a very early stage, helps and supports a “wait and see” approach.Conversely, in the presence of cough pointers or persistence of cough, the patient should be tested and treated by the specialist. Further investigations and treatments will be based on cough etiology, aiming to intercept the underlying disease, prevent potentially irreversible tissue damage, and improve the general health of patients affected by chronic cough, as well as the quality of life of patients and their family.
Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to validate this algorithm’s performance in real clinical practice.
Association of PTPN22 single nucleotide polymorphisms with chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Sadr Maryam , Khalili Neda , Mohebbi Bahareh , Mosharmovahed Banafsheh , Afradi Parivash , Rezaei Nima
Published: March 2021

Introduction and objectives: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is thought to be an auto-immune disease in a subpopulation of patients. Protein tyrosine phosphatase-22 (PTPN22) polymorphisms are considered to be one of the strongest contributing factors to autoimmune diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential association of several PTPN22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with CSU in an Iranian population.Material and methods: A total of 93 CSU patients and 100 healthy individuals were included in this study. Five SNPs within the PTPN22 gene were analyzed using TaqMan genotyping assays. The frequency of alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes of PTPN22 SNPs (rs12760457, rs2476601, rs1310182, rs1217414, and rs33996649) was investigated.Results: A significantly higher prevalence of the rs1310182 T allele was observed among patients compared with controls [OR = 1.75 (95% CI: 1.17–2.63); P = 0.007]. In addition, the rs1310182 CC genotype and TT genotype were 0.47 and 2.06 times more common in patients, respectively (P = 0.03). Moreover, haplotype analysis demonstrated that CGCGC, CGTGC, and TGCGC (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with CSU. No significant differences were observed between the patients and controls in the other analyzed PTPN22 SNPs.Conclusions: Polymorphisms of the PTPN22 gene are associated with an increased susceptibility to CSU in the studied Iranian population.
PANDEMIAS EN LA HISTORIA: LA PESTE NEGRA Y LA GRIPE ESPAÑOLA, COVID-19 Y CRISIS CAPITALISTA
Authors: Toapanta Hugo Germán González
Published: March 2021

En el momento de crisis sanitaria, económica, política y social que atraviesa la humanidad, es importante recurrir a los hechos históricos y contrastarlos con la realidad actual, para de esta manera tener mayores argumentos interpretativos y de conocimiento sobre la misma. En esa línea, este artículo tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis de las consecuencias que trajeron para la humanidad, tanto la peste negra como la gripe española, así como los efectos que la Covid-19 hoy causa en algunos países en el marco de una crisis del capitalismo. De esta manera, será un aporte a los innumerables debates que sobre el tema se han ejercido en los diferentes campos, dentro y fuera de la academia. Su metodología se centra en recoger los aportes investigativos que se han realizado respecto a sus temáticas para llegar a un análisis cualitativo y comparativo de los efectos causados a la humanidad. Las pandemias estudiadas produjeron varias consecuencias sociales, económicas y políticas en el devenir histórico que posibilitaron a su vez ciertos cambios en las sociedades. La Covid-19, por su parte, ha evidenciado las debilidades del sistema capitalista en su forma neoliberal, varios países que han recurrido a la aplicación de este modelo no han podido sostener de una manera eficaz la emergencia sanitaria.
Effect of reinforcement arrangement on dynamic behaviour of back-to-back mechanically stabilised earth walls
Authors: Samee Amir Abbas , Yazdandoust Majid , Ghalandarzadeh Abbas
Published: March 2021

Reduced-scale shaking table tests were performed on steel-strip back-to-back mechanically stabilised earth (MSE) wall models to evaluate the effect of the overlap length of the reinforcements (LR) and the connection arrangement of the opposing walls on the distribution of tensile force along the reinforcements and the propagation mechanism of the shear bands. The reinforcement elements were fully instrumented and particle image velocimetry (PIV) was utilised to identify the shear zones in the body of the models. On the basis of the PIV results, the combination of a concave surface and an inclined plane was determined to be the failure surface in the models. It was concluded that connecting two opposing walls can prevent the formation of a failure wedge in a back-to-back MSE wall (BBMSEW). It was observed that the geometry of the failure surface in the BBMSEWs was not affected by a change in LR, but depended on the connection arrangement of the walls. It was found that, although the use of overlapping reinforcement instead of the direct connection of two walls caused further development of shear bands, it could be a good solution in reducing the mobilised reinforcement forces in BBMSEWs.
Subprime Attention Crisis: Advertising and the Time Bomb at the Heart of the Internet
Authors: Holmes Jim
Published: March 2021

In 2020, Tim Hwang, a writer, lawyer and technology policy researcher based in New York, published a short book entitled Subprime Attention Crisis: Advertising and the Time Bomb at the Heart of the Internet, which seeks to analyse the issues that are developing around the business model associated with the continued operation of the Internet, at least in its current manifestation, and the weaknesses and potential instability associated with that model. The book is of particular interest because the problems and possible next developments of the “time bomb” are set out in a plausible manner, together with some discussion on possible solutions. In particular, the author makes a credible comparison of the business model of the Internet with the subprime mortgage securities sector, the collapse of which contributed to the Global Financial Crisis in 2008.
Fiscal Rules and the Behavior of Public Investment in Costa Rica and Panama: Towards Growth-Friendly Fiscal Policy?
Authors: Arce Eliécer , Robles Edgar A.
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to provide evidence on the effects of fiscal rules on public investment, fiscal results and growth in Costa Rica and Panama. First, we find that the budget formulation process and the political economy behind the adoption and compliance of fiscal rules explain that Panama has a bias to create and sequentially pile up rules, while Costa Rica has a tendency not to comply with them. Second, a retrospective analysis of the 2018 fiscal rules in both nations finds asymmetric effects on the fiscal results. In Panama it is difficult to separate the effect of fiscal rule designs on public investment; and, in Costa Rica, the application of the fiscal rule will decrease public investment, if the debt to GDP ratio exceeds 60 percent and current expenditure crowds out capital expenditure. Two lessons emerge. First, an effective fiscal rule compliance requires time consistent institutions, solid monitoring, enforcement schemes and improving the quality of public financial management systems. Second, it is necessary to review the design of fiscal rules in both countries to ensure they are investment and growth friendly.
Adverse Events in Failed First-Pass Intubation vs. Successful First-Pass Intubation in the Emergency Department - An Analytical Hospital-Based Study
Authors: KJ Devendra Prasad , Shekar Biju
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND First-pass success is the successful intubation on the first attempt. It is the desired goal of emergency intubation and failure to achieve it may increase the risk of adverse effects. With failure of first pass intubation, life-threatening complications occur, commonly in critically ill patients. The aim of this study is to determine the association between the success of first-pass intubation and frequency of adverse events during endotracheal intubation. METHODS A cross sectional analytical study was done in a tertiary care hospital between October 2016 and October 2017. 100 failed first-pass intubation cases and 100 successful first-pass intubation cases were evaluated for factors associated with failed first-pass intubation and frequency of adverse events following intubation. RESULTS The groups were matched with respect to gender, induction agent use, fentanyl use and type of laryngoscope used. Mean age in failed first-pass intubation group was 5.61 years higher than subjects in successful first-pass intubation group (P = 0.016). Proportion of subjects with difficult airway was 19 % in failed first-pass intubation group and 3 % in successful first-pass intubation (P < 0.001). Failed first-pass intubation cases had higher frequency of adverse events like oesophageal intubation (9 % vs. 0 %), aspiration (7 % vs. 1 %), cuff leakage (2 % vs. 0 %) and hypotension (7 % vs. 1 %) compared to successful first-pass intubation cases. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of adverse events was high in failed first-pass intubation. Older age and presence of difficult airway were factors significantly associated with failed first-pass intubation. KEYWORDS First Pass Intubation, First-Pass Success, Adverse Events, Emergency Department, Failed First Attempt, Endotracheal Intubation
Perceptions, Attitude, Practices and Barriers to Evidence Based Medicine among Practitioners of Clinical Medicine in a Tertiary Care Teaching Institute, Punjab, India
Authors: Sharma Mohit , Devgun Priyanka , Gill Kanwalpreet Kaur , Kaur Amanpreet , Kaur Sandeep
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Lack or relative absence of access or disinterest in the use of standardised protocols in diagnosis, treatment and management of majority of ailments is a phenomenon very often seen but rarely acknowledged in the medical fraternity. This occurrence extends to many of the higher centers of healing and teaching including tertiary care institutes. We wanted to assess the perceptions, attitudes, practices and barriers to practice of evidence-based medicine among practitioners in clinical medicine in a tertiary care institute. METHODS A structured proforma containing Evidence Based Practice Questionnaire by Upton and Upton (2006) was administered to faculty members of various clinical specialties between July to September 2019. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to enlist 50 participants who met the inclusion criteria. The completed proformas were collected and data was analysed using SPSS v.21. After analysing the data, in depth interviews of 16 consenting faculty members was conducted to identify barriers to practice of evidence-based medicine. RESULTS The mean score for knowledge domain of evidence based medicine was 53.18, SD = 7.05, for the attitude was 16.90, SD = 2.12 and that for practice was 20.50, SD = 5.26. The Cronbach alpha for the three domains were found to be 0.57, 0.62 and 0.81. The familiarity with common bio statistical terms and measures was best with odds ratio (78 %) and relative risk (64 %) and poorest with the understanding of parametric, non-parametric tests and power of the study (2 %). Of the 50 study subjects, 26 (52 %) used MS Excel for data analysis, 32 (64 %) generic search engines like Google, Yahoo, MSN to search for relevant medical literature. The thematic analysis of the interview transcripts of 16 interviewed faculty members revealed that barriers for non-practice of EBM were lack of comfort with research process, lack of mentoring, incomplete knowledge on how to conduct literature research and lack of time. CONCLUSIONS Practice of evidence based medicine has come a long way but still has a longer way to go. KEYWORDS Evidence Based Medicine, Barriers, Clinical Practitioners
Lung Ultrasound Findings Compared to Chest CT Scan in Patients with COVID-19 Associated Pneumonia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hatamabadi Hamidreza , Shojaee Majid , Bagheri Mohammad , Raoufi Masoomeh
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Lung US has been reported to be as useful as a chest CT scan and much better than a chest x-ray for the evaluation of pneumonia.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the findings of lung ultrasound (US) and chest CT scan of patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia in the Emergency Department (ED).
Methods: This retrospective observational pilot study was carried out on confirmed COVID-19 patients in the isolation corona ward of the Imam Hussein Hospital ED from March 15 to March 22, 2020. After obtaining demographic data, the patients underwent a pulmonary bedside US examination, with the patients in the sitting position, turning their back to the examiner. A 10-point lung US was performed. Each lung was divided into two areas: posterior (three zones) and lateral (two zones). The patients’ lung ultrasound and chest CT scan as the standard imaging were blindly reviewed and recorded. The clinical value of ultrasound was evaluated with different severity of lung involvement according to CT severity score.
Results: Nineteen patients (38 zones), including 13 males, were evaluated with a mean age of 62.5±16.8 years. B2 lines and consolidation observed in the US examinations were significantly correlated with ground-glass opacity and consolidation observed in CT scan examinations, respectively (p <0.0001). US sensitivity and specificity of finding B2 lines were 90% and 100%, respectively. Also, the sensitivity and specificity of US in identifying consolidation were 82% and 100%, respectively. In the lungs with moderate and severe lobar involvement, US findings were significantly correlated (p <0.05) with CT scan findings.
Conclusions: Ultrasound evaluation is a safe, fast, and rapid technique for the evaluation of patients with moderate to severe COVID-19-associated pneumonia. It is a reproducible procedure and can be implemented by the operator after a short course of training.
Femoral Neck Fracture Fixation with a Buttress Medial Plate: Technical Note and Educational Corner
Authors: Kalantar Seyed Hadi , Mortazavi Seyed Mohammad Javad , Rasta Sheila
Published: March 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA COMO MECANISMO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL
Authors: Delfino dos Santos Abner , Moraes Biehl Hellen , Marques da Rosa Inglid , Victor Pacheco Gomes João , Luiz Pires Boldori Marlon , Amaral Oliveira Rafael , Maia de Moraes Thauan
Published: March 2021

A extensão universitária faz parte da tríade ensino-pesquisa-extensão, sendo um dever das instituições promover está última tanto quanto as outras, assim ampliando a formação dos acadêmicos, levando a experiência singular que a extensão permite a sua prática e auxiliando no desenvolvimento regional por tabela, através do diálogo ativo com a comunidade em que está inserida, atentando-se às demandas que aparecem. Método: Revisão de literatura de ordem qualitativa.  A busca de artigos e demais materiais foi realizada em bases de dados nacionais e utilizando principalmente o banco de dados como SCIELO e literatura da área, assim como plataformas do Governo Federal do Brasil, utilizando artigos sem limitação de ano de publicação, dissertações, livros, leis, portarias ministeriais e leis federais. Conclusão: A partir dos achados na literatura a atuação extensionistas das universidades pode ser ampliada e incentivada, utilizando de uma maior multidisciplinaridade em suas ações, mas sendo observado as conquistas da área e seus impactos positivos no desenvolvimento regional.Palavras-chave: Extensão universitária, Universidade, Desenvolvimento regional e Extensão acadêmica.
Clinical Trials in Portugal: How Can we Improve?
Authors: Carvalho Marta , Cunha de Eça Rita , Gomes Isabel , Gonçalves Mónica , Lopes Ana , Lopes Dina , Maia Joana , Oliveira Ana Marta , Noronha Ana , Oliveira Catarina Resende
Published: March 2021

N/a.
PENAFSIRAN GULUL DALAM AL-QUR’AN: TELAAH SURAT ALI IMRAN AYAT 61 PADA TAFSIR KEMENTERIAN AGAMA RI
Authors: Rahmanto Oki Dwi , Idris Muhammad Anwar
Published: March 2021

One of the works of many interpretations owned by Indonesia is Interpretation Al-Qur'an Thematic Ministry of Religious. The interpretation of the word gulu>lin surah A>li ‘Imra>n verse 161 researchers think is suitable if interpreted using the interpretation of the Ministry of Religious Affairs. Considering that this interpretation is a work of interpretation that follows the development of science and technology, and is systematically organized based on actual themes in the community that can answer various people's problems, this research is qualitative using scripted-analysis methods. The findings of the first researcher, said gulu>lin letter A>li ‘Imra>n verse 161 were initially only interpreted by treason in the division of the spoils of war. But in the interpretation of the Book of Interpretation of the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia contested the word gulu>lwith a broader meaning such as corruption. Second, the interpretation of gulu>ll is very relevant to the current conditions that exist in Indonesia with the phenomenon of corruption, bribery, officials who abuse their positions for personal purposes that can harm the people.
The Microbiome as a Therapy in Pouchitis and Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Segal Jonathan , LeBlanc Jean-Frédéric , de Campos Braz Lucia Maria , Hart Ailsa
Published: March 2021

The gut microbiome is important in the homeostasis of gut health and has pivotal roles in digestion, immune regulation, and metabolic processes. The gut microbiome has been implicated in range of diseases and there is a rapidly growing understanding of this ecosystem’s importance in inflammatory bowel disease. We have yet to identify a single microbe that causes either ulcerative colitis or pouchitis, however, perturbations in the gut microbiome are associated with disease states. Importantly, we can manipulate the gut microbiome using dietary interventions, medications, and faecal microbiota transplantation. This review will summarise our knowledge of gut microbiome therapies in ulcerative colitis and pouchitis.
Multifarious Roles of GRAS Transcription Factors in Plants
Authors: Kumari Priya , Kakkar Mrinalini , Gahlaut Vijay , Jaiswal Vandana , Kumar Sanjay
Published: March 2021

The GAI‐RGA ‐ and ‐SCR (GRAS) proteins belong to the plant-specific transcription factor gene family and involved in several developmental processes, phytohormone and phytochrome signaling, symbiosis, stress responses etc. GRAS proteins have a conserved GRAS domain at C-terminal and hypervariable N-terminal. The C-terminal conserved domain directly affects the function of the GRAS proteins. For instance, in Arabidopsis, mutations in this domain in Slender rice 1 (SLR1) and Repressor of GA (RGA) proteins cause significant phenotypic changes. GRAS proteins have been reported in more than 30 plant species and till now it has been divided into 17 subfamilies. This review highlighted GRAS protein's importance during several biological processes in plants, structural features of GRAS proteins, their expansion and diversification in the plants, GRAS-interacting proteins complexes and their role in biological processes. We also summarized available recent research that utilized CRISPR-Cas9 technology to manipulate GRAS genes in a plant for different traits. Further, the exploitation of GRAS genes in crop improvement programs has also been discussed
Synthesis of C3-Symmetric Cinchona-Based Organocatalysts and Their Application in Asymmetric Michael and Friedel–Crafts Reactions
Authors: Kisszékelyi Péter , Fehér Zsuzsanna , Nagy Sándor , Bagi Péter , Kozma Petra , Garádi Zsófia , Dékány Miklós , Huszthy Péter , Mátravölgyi Béla , Kupai József
Published: March 2021

In this work, anchoring of cinchona derivatives to trifunctional cores (hub approach) was demonstrated to obtain size-enlarged organocatalysts. By modifying the cinchona skeleton in different positions, we prepared four C3-symmetric size-enlarged cinchona derivatives (hub-cinchonas), which were tested as organocatalysts and their catalytic activities were compared with the parent cinchona (hydroquinine) catalyst. We showed that in the hydroxyalkylation reaction of indole, hydroquinine provides good enantioselectivities (up to 73% ee), while the four new size-enlarged derivatives gave significantly lower values (up to 29% ee) in this reaction. Anchoring cinchonas to trifunctional cores was found to facilitate nanofiltration-supported catalyst recovery using PolarClean alternative solvent. The C3-symmetric size-enlarged organocatalysts were completely rejected by all the applied membranes, whereas the separation of hydroquinine was found to be insufficient using organic solvent nanofiltration. Furthermore, the asymmetric catalysis was successfully demonstrated in the case of Michael reaction of 1,3-diketones and trans-β-nitrostyrene using Hub3-cinchona (up to 96% ee) as a result of the positive effect of the C3-symmetric structure using a bulkier substrate. This means an increased selectivity of the catalyst in comparison to hydroquinine in the latter Michael reaction.
Bacterial Plant Biostimulants: A Sustainable Way Towards Improving Growth, Productivity, and Health of Crops
Authors: Hamid Basharat , Zaman Muzafar , Farooq Shabeena , Fatima Sabah , Sayyed R. Z. , Baba Zahoor Ahmad , Sheikh Tahir Ahmed , Reddy M S , El Enshasy Hesham , Gafur Abdul , Suriani Ni Luh
Published: March 2021

This review presents a comprehensive and systematic study of the field of bacterial plant biostimulants and considers the fundamental and innovative principles underlying this technology. Plant biostimulants are an important tool for modern agriculture as part of an integrated crop management (ICM) system; helping make agriculture more sustainable and resilient. Plant biostimulants contain substance(s) and/or microorganisms whose function when applied to plants or the rhizosphere, is to stimulate natural processes to enhance plant nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency, tolerance to abiotic stress, biocontrol, and crop quality. The use of plant biostimulants has gained substantial and significant heed worldwide as an environment-friendly alternative for sustainable agricultural production. Presently, there is an increasing curiosity of industry and researchers in microbial biostimulants especially, bacterial plant biostimulants (BPBs) to improve crop growth and productivity. The BPBs that are based on PGPR (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria) play plausible roles to promote/stimulate the crop plant growth through several mechanisms that include, i) nutrient acquisition by nitrogen (N2) fixation and solubilization of insoluble minerals (P, K, Zn), organic acids and siderophores, ii) antimicrobial metabolites and various lytic enzymes, iii) action of growth regulators and stress-responsive/induced phytohormones, iv) ameliorating abiotic stress like drought, high soil salinity, extreme temperatures, oxidative stress, and heavy metals by using different modes of action, and v) plant defense induction modes. Presenting here is a brief review emphasizing the applicability of BPBs as an innovative exertion to fulfill the current food crisis.
AUDIT SISTEM PEMBANGKIT TENAGA SURYA DI PULAU SABIRA - JAKARTA
Authors: Prabowo Bayu , Rif’an Muhammad , Subekti Massus
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to study the    non-optimal causal factors and the work system of PLTS 15 kWp as a power plant on Sabira Island. This study used qualitative research methods. The subjects of this study were search results that were not optimal in PLTS 15 kWp on Sabira Island. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis with data collection techniques, namely field observations. The results of the study indicated that the 15 kWp PLTS on Sabira Island was deactivated (not charged). This is because the optimal performance of PLTS 15 kWp which is caused by damage to some components inside. The conclusion of this study is the factors that cause no optimal photovoltaic output system on PLTS 15 kWp are differences in the character of 4 solar modules on 2 strings, shading, snail track, hot spot and dust buildup on solar modules, incompatible interconnections and damage to inverter modules due to lack of maintenance and regular monitoring of the components of the PLTS. This shows that the importance of periodic maintenance and monitoring of all components of PLTS.

ABSTRAK

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor penyebab tidak optimalnya dan sistem kerja dari PLTS 15 kWp sebagai pembangkit listrik di Pulau Sabira. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah  pencarian penyebab tidak optimalnya kinerja PLTS 15 kWp di Pulau Sabira. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa PLTS 15 kWp di Pulau Sabira dalam keadaan dinonaktifkan (tidak dikebebankan). Hal ini karena tidak optimalnya kinerja PLTS 15 kWp yang disebabkan oleh kerusakan pada beberapa komponen di dalamnya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah faktor – faktor yang menyebabkan tidak optimalnya photovoltaic output system pada PLTS 15 kWp adalah perbedaan karakter 4 modul surya pada 2 string, shading, snail track, hot spot serta penumpukan debu pada modul surya, interkoneksi yang tidak kompatibel dan kerusakan pada modul inverter akibat dari kurangnya perawatan serta monitoring secara teratur terhadap komponen-komponen PLTS tersebut. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa pentingnya perawatan dan monitoring secara berkala terhadap seluruh komponen PLTS.
Pain as an Incapacitating Factor in Symphony Orchestra Musicians in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Kaneko Yumi , Lianza Sergio , Dawson William J
Published: March 2021

In musicians as well as athletes, repetitive exertion and intense physical activity may result in incapacitating pain and consequent interruption of their professional activity. In Latin America, however, epidemiologic studies are scarce, which explains why musculoskeletal disorder
is as yet unrecognized in our population of musicians. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the frequency of, and factors associated with, incapacitating pain in symphony orchestra musicians in Sao Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: A 40-point questionnaire developed as an instrument of data collection
was applied to 241 musicians from six major symphony orchestras in Sao Paulo. RESULTS: Within the sample, the age range was 18 to 73 yrs (mean, 32.4 ± 10.6). The duration of daily rehearsals varied from 2 to 12 hrs (mean, 6.8 ± 2.1). Of the 241 musicians evaluated, 62.7% reported
suffering from some sort of sleeping disorder, and 65% reported pain. Of those with pain, 50% graded the effect of the pain on their artistic performance as moderate or severe. The time over which the pain evolved ranged from 1 month to 30 yrs (mean, 4.2 ± 4.8). In the musicians studied,
the factors found that correlated with incapacitating pain were being female, having a sleeping disorder, the number of anatomic sites affected, and the degree of emotional stress.