bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O processo de construção e desconstrução da tela de proteção social do trabalho: tempos de regresso
Authors: BIAVASCHI MAGDA BARROS
Published: August 2016

resumo O artigo aborda o processo de construção do Direito do Trabalho, ramo autônomo do direito fundamentado em princípios que são sua razão de ser, cuja gênese está localizada na Grande indústria do século XIX, em tempos de capitalismo constituído. A seguir, dando ênfase às especificidades socioeconômicas do Brasil de 1930, discute essa construção no país pari passu ao seu processo de industrialização. Nessa caminhada, passa pelas normas de proteção ao trabalho, pela criação das Juntas de Conciliação e Julgamento em 1932, pela Justiça do Trabalho e pela Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho, a CLT, em 1943, caminhada não linear que se completa com a Constituição de 1988, que eleva os direitos dos trabalhadores à condição de direitos sociais fundamentais. Em um segundo momento, traz elementos para a discussão sobre o processo de desconstrução dessa tela de proteção social, em tempos de capitalismo globalizado e hegemonizado pelos interesses das finanças, com foco na terceirização, chegando às considerações finais.
Emprego, estratificação e desigualdade
Authors: SANTOS JOSÉ ALCIDES FIGUEIREDO , RIBEIRO LUIZ VICENTE FONSECA
Published: August 2016

resumo As relações entre divisão social do trabalho e estratificação social são consideradas como nexos explicativos-chave das mudanças recentes na distribuição de renda no Brasil. Destaca-se o papel das divisões de classe ao nível da estrutura do emprego, ao qual se agregam grupos de status, fatores de segmentação e credenciais educacionais. Os determinantes em questão captam alterações em dimensões socialmente organizadas da distribuição das recompensas. Constatam-se reduções nas desigualdades espaciais, setoriais e educacionais. As desigualdades de status social caem mostrando sinais contraditórios. Os condicionamentos de classe da renda se mantêm robustos, mas apresentando efeitos diferenciados e nuançados em meio às reduções na desigualdade agregada de renda.
Mercado de trabalho: da euforia do ciclo expansivo e de inclusão social à frustração da recessão econômica
Authors: CACCIAMALI MARIA CRISTINA , TATEI FABIO
Published: August 2016

resumo O presente artigo visa apresentar a trajetória do mercado de trabalho brasileiro desde 2001, principalmente por meio de dados da Pesquisa Mensal de Emprego, e destacando os condicionantes macroeconômicos de seu desempenho. O estudo é desagregado em quatro períodos principais: anos de ajustamento econômico e do mercado de trabalho pós-crises do final dos anos 1990 e início do governo Lula; o período virtuo- so de crescimento econômico, geração de emprego formal e redução da desigualdade de rendimentos e da pobreza; o esfriamento da trajetória pujante do período anterior por conta da crise financeira de 2008/20009; e o início de uma das mais acentuadas recessões econômicas da história do país, com impactos especialmente graves no mercado de trabalho.
"Mas de que te serve saber botânica?"
Authors: SALATINO ANTONIO , BUCKERIDGE MARCOS
Published: August 2016

resumo Na sociedade, em geral no Ocidente, a botânica é considerada um tema enfadonho e ultrapassado da biologia. Ao contrário dos animais, as plantas despertam pouco ou nenhum interesse. Essa tendência tem sido interpretada como uma condição inerente ao ser humano, que se denominou cegueira botânica, com reflexos negativos no ensino e na pesquisa em biologia. Neste artigo, examinamos origem, características e possíveis razões para a cegueira botânica e sugerimos algumas soluções para romper a espiral do silêncio e assim superar essa limitação, dentro e fora do ensino. Entre as medidas sugeridas estão introdução de temas interdisciplinares, adoção de atividades didáticas de campo e laboratório, citação de plantas com relevante papel na história e na economia, melhoria na formação botânica de professores, atuação de mentores junto a crianças e jovens no cultivo de plantas, reforço na veiculação na mídia de matérias científicas relacionadas a plantas e a participação de sociedades científicas e de docentes para apoio no sentido de superar a cegueira botânica no Brasil.
O papel da geografia em face da crise ambiental
Authors: SOUTO RAQUEL DEZIDÉRIO
Published: August 2016

resumo Diante da crise ambiental atual, diversas disciplinas científicas têm se voltado para sua análise, a fim de apontar soluções para dirimir ou minimizar os danos ambientais e sociais causados pelas atividades econômicas e por outros tipos de fatores de pressão ambiental. Este artigo propõe-se inicialmente a mostrar sucintamente como mudou a visão geográfica predominante no mundo ocidental a respeito da relação entre as populações humanas e o ambiente. Uma mudança de visão que foi reflexo das mudanças que estavam em curso na geografia como um todo, resguardadas as diferenças entre os países. Discute-se ainda que a crise ambiental é uma crise do conhecimento, como afirmam cada vez mais autores. Este texto culmina com as virtudes e limitações da geografia na busca desse entendimento, no intuito de colaborar para seu avançar.
O multiculturalismo e a dialética do universal e do particular
Authors: FREDERICO CELSO
Published: August 2016

resumo Após a Revolução Francesa de 1789 o Estado democrático estabeleceu os direitos universais do cidadão. Os movimentos sociais, inicialmente, encamparam esse ideal universalista e lutaram pelo reconhecimento de seus direitos: as mulheres obtiveram o direito de voto e os negros as leis antirracistas. Num segundo momento, o reconhecimento da igualdade cedeu lugar à luta pelo reconhecimento das diferenças. O texto procura enfocar as "ações afirmativas" implementadas pelo Estado e seus problemáticos resultados.
Evasão e retenção no curso de Biblioteconomia da UFRGS
Authors: Vanz Samile Andrea de Souza , Pereira Patrícia Mallmann Souto , Ferreira Glória Isabel Sattamini , Machado Geraldo Ribas
Published: August 2016

Resumo: Divulga resultados da pesquisa sobre evasão e retenção no curso de Biblioteconomia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) no período 2000/1 a 2009/2. Define aspectos do perfil do aluno deste Curso quanto a ingresso, renda familiar, motivação em relação ao curso, atividades remuneradas, utilização de benefícios da Pró-Reitoria de Assuntos Estudantis, motivação para a retenção, sentimento quanto à possibilidade de desistência do curso e quanto ao mercado de trabalho. Utiliza método quali-quantitativo, por meio de aplicação de questionários e entrevistas. Os resultados apontam um índice de evasão de quase 40% e de retenção de 46%; há forte relação entre a vontade do aluno de cursar Biblioteconomia e o nível de conhecimento do currículo e das possibilidades de atuação profissional; a fragilidade na escolha do curso pode ser responsável por grande parte das retenções e evasões no curso; a necessidade de trabalhar representa grande influência na retenção e na evasão no curso; 50% dos alunos têm renda familiar inferior a 3,5 salários mínimos; há considerável utilização de benefícios concedidos pela universidade por parte dos alunos do curso; 86,2% dos alunos que evadiram sentiam-se insatisfeitos ou pouco satisfeitos com o curso; 66% dos alunos que evadiram do curso de Biblioteconomia ingressaram posteriormente em outro curso superior e estão cursando ou já se graduaram; a iniciativa para desistir e, de fato, a desistência, acontece logo no início do curso, especialmente no primeiro semestre. Conclui-se que no geral o aluno de Biblioteconomia da UFRGS tem grande responsabilidade com relação à sua família ou ao seu sustento próprio; muitos alunos são atraídos ao curso por interesses pelo ensino superior, mas sem conhecer mais profundamente a área de Biblioteconomia; os três primeiros semestres são decisivos no que tange a um trabalho específico para reduzir as retenções e acelerar as evasões, caso sejam inevitáveis.
O significado da autoavaliação institucional na perspectiva de técnicos-administrativos de uma universidade pública
Authors: Falleiros Ana Elisa de Souza , Pimenta Márcio Lopes , Valadão Júnior Valdir Machado
Published: August 2016

Resumo: Em 2004, o Ministério da Educação criou o Sistema Nacional de Avaliação do Ensino Superior como uma forma de regular as Instituições de Ensino Superior e avaliar a qualidade da educação no Brasil. Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal analisar os significados atribuídos à Autoavaliação institucional pelos técnicos-administrativos da classe E com função gratificada da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, considerando a perspectiva de integração, diferenciação e fragmentação. Utilizando como método de procedimento o estudo de caso e entrevistas em profundidade, foram coletados os discursos dos servidores para identificar os significados atribuídos à Autoavaliação Institucional em diferentes momentos. A análise de conteúdo evidenciou que na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia ainda não se tem uma cultura de avaliação e, um dos motivos para isso, é a falta de resultados práticos advindos do processo de avaliação.
Benthic estuarine communities in Brazil: moving forward to long term studies to assess climate change impacts
Authors: Bernardino Angelo Fraga , Pagliosa Paulo Roberto , Christofoletti Ronaldo Adriano , Barros Francisco , Netto Sergio A. , Muniz Pablo , Lana Paulo da Cunha
Published: August 2016

Abstract Estuaries are unique coastal ecosystems that sustain and provide essential ecological services for mankind. Estuarine ecosystems include a variety of habitats with their own sediment-fauna dynamics, all of them globally undergoing alteration or threatened by human activities. Mangrove forests, saltmarshes, tidal flats and other confined estuarine systems are under increasing stress due to human activities leading to habitat and species loss. Combined changes in estuarine hydromorphology and in climate pose severe threats to estuarine ecosystems on a global scale. The ReBentos network is the first integrated attempt in Brazil to monitor estuarine changes in the long term to detect and assess the effects of global warming. This paper is an initial effort of ReBentos to review current knowledge on benthic estuarine ecology in Brazil. We herein present and synthesize all published work on Brazilian estuaries that has focused on the description of benthic communities and related ecological processes. We then use current data on Brazilian estuaries and present recommendations for future studies to address climate change effects, suggesting trends for possible future research and stressing the need for long-term datasets and international partnerships.
Brazilian coral reefs in a period of global change: A synthesis
Authors: Leão Zelinda M. A. N. , Kikuchi Ruy K. P. , Ferreira Beatrice P. , Neves Elizabeth G. , Sovierzoski Hilda H. , Oliveira Marília D. M. , Maida Mauro , Correia Monica D. , Johnsson Rodrigo
Published: August 2016

Abstract Brazilian coral reefs form structures significantly different from the well-known reef models, as follows: (i) they have a growth form of mushroom-shaped coral pinnacles called "chapeirões", (ii) they are built by a low diversity coral fauna rich in endemic species, most of them relic forms dating back to the Tertiary, and (iii) the nearshore bank reefs are surrounded by siliciclastic sediments. The reefs are distributed in the following four major sectors along the Brazilian coast: the northern, the northeastern and the eastern regions, and the oceanic islands, but certain isolated coral species can be found in warmer waters in embayments of the southern region. There are different types of bank reefs, fringing reefs, isolated "chapeirões" and an atoll present along the Brazilian coast. Corals, milleporids and coralline algae build the rigid frame of the reefs. The areas in which the major coral reefs occur correspond to regions in which nearby urban centers are experiencing accelerated growth, and tourism development is rapidly increasing. The major human effects on the reef ecosystem are mostly associated with the increased sedimentation due to the removal of the Atlantic rainforest and the discharge of industrial and urban effluents. The effects of the warming of oceanic waters that had previously affected several reef areas with high intensity coral bleaching had not shown, by the time of the 2010 event, any episodes of mass coral mortality on Brazilian reefs.
Brazilian sandy beaches: characteristics, ecosystem services, impacts, knowledge and priorities
Authors: Amaral Antonia Cecília Zacagnini , Corte Guilherme Nascimento , Filho José Souto Rosa , Denadai Marcia Regina , Colling Leonir André , Borzone Carlos , Veloso Valéria , Omena Elianne Pessoa , Zalmon Ilana Rosental , Rocha-Barreira Cristina de Almeida , Souza Jose Roberto Botelho de , Rosa Leonardo Cruz da , Almeida Tito Cesar Marques de
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT Sandy beaches constitute a key ecosystem and provide socioeconomic goods and services, thereby playing an important role in the maintenance of human populations and in biodiversity conservation. Despite the ecological and social importance of these ecosytems, Brazilian sandy beaches are significantly impacted by human interference, chemical and organic pollution and tourism, as well as global climate change. These factors drive the need to better understand the environmental change and its consequences for biota. To promote the implementation of integrated studies to detect the effects of regional and global environmental change on beaches and on other benthic habitats of the Brazilian coast, Brazilian marine researchers have established The Coastal Benthic Habitats Monitoring Network (ReBentos). In order to provide input for sample planning by ReBentos, we have conducted an intensive review of the studies conducted on Brazilian beaches and summarized the current knowledge about this environment. In this paper, we present the results of this review and describe the physical, biological and socioeconomics features of Brazilian beaches. We have used these results, our personal experience and worldwide literature to identify research projects that should be prioritized in the assessment of regional and global change on Brazilian sandy beaches. We trust that this paper will provide insights for future studies and represent a significant step towards the conservation of Brazilian beaches and their biodiversity.
Incentivos à Inovação: O caso do Prêmio FINEP de Inovação
Authors: Dias Erica da Cruz Novaes Gonçalves , Blumetti Facó Júlio Francisco , Blumetti Facó Júlio Francisco , Serra Neusa , Serra Neusa
Published: August 2016

Os prêmios constituem uma política pública que desperta, de forma crescente, a atenção dos policy makers e tornou-se ao longo dos últimos anos uma ferramenta de incentivo à inovação de destaque em diferentes países.No caso brasileiro, há algumas premiações deste tipo, como o Prêmio FINEP de Inovação. Criado em 1998 na região sul e posteriormente expandido à participação de empresas de todas as partes do país, o prêmio atualmente configura-se como o de maior relevância na esfera nacional. Este destaque provém tanto da quantidade de participantes, como de sua abrangência aos diferentes setores e portes de empresas, assim como dos montantes monetários atualmente oferecidos aos ganhadores.Desta maneira, o estudo das características do Prêmio FINEP de Inovação representa uma rica possibilidade para as discussões inerentes tanto aos incentivos à inovação do país quanto para uma compreensão mais detalhada sobre as características das ações inovativas que vêm sendo desenvolvidas por agentes privados, entidades de ensino e pesquisa e “inventores inovadores”. O conhecimento amplo destes aspectos certamente poderá contribuir para a elaboração de uma agenda propositiva de inovação ao país, em busca de soluções que propiciem avanços nas mais diversas áreas e que contribuam para o seu desenvolvimento econômico e sustentável.O presente trabalho, portanto, pretende percorrer a trajetória histórica do Prêmio FINEP de Inovação, compreender a sua atual estrutura e demonstrar como ocorre o processo de inscrição e avaliação das propostas, enfatizando os benefícios tanto monetários como os não-monetários aos ganhadores
DENTENTORES DO CAPITAL E PRODUÇÃO DE ETANOL EM RONDÔNIA
Authors: Moret Artur Souza , Mateus Marco Aparecido Atiles , XAVIER RAICA ESTEVES
Published: August 2016

Este texto discute a expansão do plantio de cana-de-açúcar para a produção de álcool na Amazônia, especificamente em Rondônia. Foram prospectados dados quantitativos e qualitativos. Os dados dos custos da terra e de mão de obra em Rondônia e em São Paulo, durante o período da instalação da usina de produção de álcool, constituíram o cenário de decisão da implantação do empreendimento agrícola. Destaca-se que a produção de álcool em Rondônia somente foi possível com a flexibilização da legislação ambiental do Estado de Rondônia em 2007, cuja legislação foi alterada somente em 2011. A comparação entre os dados confirmou Harvey ao afirmar que a reprodução do capital se utiliza das diferenças de custos regionais, bem como derruba restrições econômicas, creditícias e ambientais regionais. Os dados analisados demonstraram que a decisão foi baseada na comparação dos valores dos custos da terra, de mão de obra e de uso dos insumos químicos, bem como dos créditos disponibilizados pelos bancos oficiais e do apoio da estrutura pública e política local.
Da necessidade de releitura do princípio da anterioridade eleitoral
Authors: Vailatti Diogo Basilio , Oliveira Guilherme Piccinin de
Published: August 2016

O presente estudo traz elementos para interpretar e reanalisar o princípio constitucional cravado no artigo 16 da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil, conhecido por princípio da anterioridade eleitoral. Trazem-se análises acerca do Supremo Tribunal Federal, dos efeitos das decisões proferidas em controle concentrado e difuso, da função dos princípios, bem como da necessidade de harmonizar os preceitos da anterioridade eleitoral e da moralidade administrativa, de forma que se consolidem as ideias democráticas e republicanas no sistema jurídico brasileiro.
A PRESENÇA DA PSICANÁLISE NAS REFLEXÕES INICIAIS SOBRE MASCULINIDADE NO PENSAMENTO DE R. CONNELL
Authors: Hoenisch Julio César , Oliveira Ilzver de Matos
Published: August 2016

O presente artigo empreende uma reflex„o sobre a presenÁa de conceitos da psican·lise freudiana na construÁ„o da obra Masculinities, de R. Connel. Apresenta uma discuss„o sobre a import‚ncia da psicanalise para o empreendimento do conceito de masculinidades e gÍnero para o fundador dos estudos masculinistas, evidenciando que a desnaturalizaÁ„o da condiÁ„o feminina sugerida pela perspectiva freudiana, ainda que possa ser considerada falocÍntrica contribui fortemente para o descolamento do conceito de gÍnero de uma suposta condiÁ„o natural. Conclui que os princÌpios freudianos s„o importantes no primeiro livro de Connell, sendo paulatinamente deixados de lado no decorrer do desenvolvimento do pensamento do autor.
NO INTERIOR DA SALA DE AULA: AS RELAÇÕES DE GÊNERO NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Eugenio Benedito
Published: August 2016

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre as relações de gênero na escola. A partir de dados coletados por meio de observações em uma turma dos anos iniciais, problematizamos a maneira pela qual as questões relacionadas a gênero estão presentes no interior da sala de aula a partir da interação estabelecida entre e pelas crianças.
Entre milhos e palmatórias Memórias escolares sobre uma infância castigada: Vivências e ressignificações.
Authors: Aragão Milena Cristina
Published: August 2016

O presente artigo relata e problematiza memórias e sentimentos de três professoras residentes em Aracaju/SE sobre os castigos vivenciados em sua trajetória escolar, sendo cada uma em um período histórico diferente: décadas de 1950, 1970 e 1990. Como resultado, observou-se semelhanças entre as práticas experimentadas pelas três docentes, com ênfase no uso da palmatória, ajoelhamento no milho e ficar de pé na frente da sala. Foi abordada também a participação das famílias nesse processo, bem como as ressignificações das entrevistadas em seus modos de pensar e agir, discutindo, para tanto, o conceito de habitus em Pierre Bourdieu. Por meio das recordações docentes, foi possível não só investigar similaridades e diferenças nas práticas de castigos aplicadas no universo escolar ao longo do tempo, mas também compreender de que forma elas se apropriaram de tais vivências para compor suas práticas pedagógicas.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DE IDENTIDADES SOCIOINSTITUCIONAIS A PARTIR DE INTERAÇÕES EM UM FÓRUM DE EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Souza Marco Aurelio Silva , Pedro Veronica da Silveira , Soares Rita de Cássia da Silva
Published: August 2016

Este estudo verifica as interações entre uma cursista e uma tutora em um fórum de curso on-line, com o objetivo de analisar a construção de identidades em seus aspectos sociais e institucionais. Foram selecionadas e analisadas nove postagens da cursista e da tutora. As trocas interacionais entre as participantes por meio do discurso escrito são analisadas pela perspectiva dos conceitos teóricos da construção de identidades sociais, construção de identidades institucionais e receptividade. Os estudos mostram que os comportamentos discursivos da cursista e da tutora no fórum podem estar baseados no desejo de construir identidades socioinstitucionais específicas no ambiente on-line. Palavras-chave: Discurso. Interação. Identidade.
COMPARAÇÃO DE MATERIAIS DIDÁTICOS IMPRESSOS DE MICROBIOLOGIA DE DOIS CURSOS BRASILEIROS SEMIPRESENCIAIS DE LICENCIATURA EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS
Authors: Brighenti Ludmila Silva , Pacheco Graziela Jardim , Matos Maria Gouveia
Published: August 2016

Materiais didáticos impressos para Educação a Distância (EaD) necessitam de características especiais que promovam a autonomia do aluno, incentivem-no a buscar mais informações e agucem seu gosto pelo conhecimento. Nesse contexto, este trabalho objetivou analisar e comparar a arquitetura da informação e as atividades de materiais didáticos impressos utilizados na disciplina Microbiologia dos cursos semipresenciais de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas do Consórcio Centro de Educação a Distância do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (CEDERJ) e da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Foi observada, em ambos os materiais, conectividade adequada, propiciando a dinâmica ativa de estudo. No entanto, o fascículo do CEDERJ apresentou menor linearidade, sendo rico em caixas de informações periféricas que possibilitam diferentes rotas de leitura. Em ambos os materiais foram observadas atividades predominantemente de caráter formativo ao longo do texto e ao final das aulas, permitindo a gradativa construção do conhecimento mediante a verificação constante da aprendizagem.Palavras-chave: Material didático impresso. Arquitetura da informação. Feedback. Avaliação.
Evaluating the Sleep Hygiene Awareness and Practice Scale in Midlife Women With and Without Breast Cancer
Authors: Otte Julie L. , Wu Jingwei , Yu Menggang , Shaw Claire , Carpenter Janet S.
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose: Sleep hygiene is one factor that contributes to poor sleep in breast cancer survivors but is poorly measured. The purposes of this study were to (a) evaluate the psychometric properties of the Sleep Hygiene Awareness and Practice Scale (SHAPS) and (b) compare SHAPS scores between midlife women with and without breast cancer. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive data from a single-blinded, controlled hot flash intervention trial. Results: 194 women (88 breast cancer survivors; 106 menopausal women). Reliability of the three sections of the SHAPS was inadequate with Cronbach’s alphas ranging from 0.23 to 0.67. Sleep hygiene practices were modestly correlated with global sleep quality in both groups. Conclusions: Findings suggest the SHAPS would need to be revised to be a psychometrically sound measure of sleep hygiene awareness and practice.
The Development and Psychometric Analysis of the Women’s Experience in Childbirth Survey
Authors: Rini Elizabeth Viens
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose: A woman’s perception of the childbirth experience has not been adequately measured. The purpose of the Women’s Experience in Childbirth Survey (WECS) is to provide a comprehensive measure of the experience for women having a vaginal birth. Methods: A cross-sectional design with 302 postpartum women analyzed the psychometric properties of the WECS. Validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis and correlation to a self-rating of the overall experience. Results: Exploratory factor analysis identified four subscales consistent with the organizing framework. WECS scores and self-rated experience were significantly correlated r = .51, p < .01. Internal consistency α = .86 and temporal stability (r = .88, p < .001) are adequate. Conclusion: Initial analysis indicates sufficient reliability and validity for further development and testing.
Use of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument for Measuring Physical Functioning in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Kupzyk Kevin A. , Seo Yaewon , Yates Bernice , Pozehl Bunny , Norman Joseph , Lowes Brian
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose: We evaluated the psychometric properties of the functioning component of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI) in individuals with heart failure (HF). Methods: Factor analyses were used (N= 151) to assess the dimensionality and structure of the basic and advanced lower extremity function subscales. Rasch model scores were compared to the raw means of the items. Results: Rasch scores correlated with the raw means of the items atr= .96, indicating raw means are comparable to the more complicated Rasch analysis in estimating physical functioning using the basic and advanced subscales. Conclusions: The lower extremity physical functioning subscales of the LLFDI have potential as a clinical assessment tool to identify HF patients who are at high risk for functional limitations.
Oral Health Literacy and Measures of Periodontal Disease
Authors: Holtzman Jennifer S. , Atchison Kathryn A. , Macek Mark D. , Markovic Daniela
Published: August 2016

Background: Existing evidence demonstrating a relationship between health literacy (HL) and periodontal health is insufficient to identify how providers can help patients manage periodontal disease. This study assesses associations between HL measures (word recognition, numeracy, and conceptual knowledge) and signs of periodontal disease.

Methods: This study included 325 new patients at a dental school clinic and employed an oral HL (OHL) survey, full‐mouth radiographs, and clinical examination. Evaluations included the relationship between each HL measure versus number of teeth, bleeding score, plaque score, and periodontal severity with linear and ordinal logistic regression models before and after adjusting for covariates.

Results: Among HL measures, the Newest Vital Sign demonstrated a significant relationship with number of teeth and the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults showed a significant association with plaque score. The short Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine and Dentistry (REALMD‐20) showed participants who performed in the highest quartile had nearly two additional teeth, over 5.5% fewer bleeding sites, and nearly 9% fewer teeth with plaque after adjustment for demographic variables, smoking, and diabetes mellitus (DM). Participants who scored in the highest quartile of the Comprehensive Measure of Oral Health Knowledge (CMOHK) had nearly 9% less plaque.

Conclusions: Two OHL instruments (REAMLD‐20 and CMOHK) provided statistical associations with clinical measures of periodontal health at a level that could be considered of moderate clinical relevancy. Findings suggest dentists may wish to assess familiarity of their patients with dental terminology and knowledge of periodontal disease to provide education on oral hygiene, smoking, and DM.
Oral Health and Mortality in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Ruokonen Hellevi , Nylund Karita , Furuholm Jussi , Meurman Jukka H. , Sorsa Timo , Kotaniemi Karoliina , Ortiz Fernanda , Heikkinen Anna Maria
Published: August 2016

Background: Factors related to mortality of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were investigated to find out whether oral disease inflammatory burden or different etiology (diabetes nephropathy vs. other etiologies) of CKD could be associated with mortality.

Methods: This prospective cohort study comprised 144 adults at the predialysis stage. Clinical oral and radiologic examination was made from 2000 to 2005. Patients were followed up until August 2015 (complete follow‐up time: 157 months). Cause of death could be verified from 62 of 65 patients. Clinical health data were combined with mortality records obtained from the Finland national statistics database. Number of teeth, total dental index (TDI), and periodontal inflammatory burden index were calculated to describe degree of oral inflammation.

Results: Primary causes of death were cardiovascular diseases, infection, and cancer. There was a statistically significant difference in survival between diabetic nephropathy (23.8%) and other patients with CKD (59.9%; log‐rank test P <0.001). A Cox regression model showed fewer teeth, higher age, and diabetes mellitus were statistically significant independent risk factors for death. Deceased patients had fewer teeth (P <0.001) and higher TDI (P <0.05).

Conclusions: Risk of death was higher among patients with diabetic nephropathy. The deceased had fewer teeth and more oral infections. However, indices used failed to show independent association with survival.
Periodontal Conditions of Sites Treated With Gingival Augmentation Surgery Compared With Untreated Contralateral Homologous Sites: An 18‐ to 35‐Year Long‐Term Study
Authors: Agudio Giancarlo , Cortellini Pierpaolo , Buti Jacopo , Pini Prato Giovanpaolo
Published: August 2016

Background: The aim of this split‐mouth study is to compare long‐term (18 to 35 years) periodontal conditions of sites treated with gingival augmentation procedures (GAPs) and untreated homologous contralateral sites.

Methods: Forty‐seven patients with 64 sites (test group), with lack of attached gingiva associated with recessions, were treated with marginal or submarginal free gingival grafts. Sixty‐four contralateral homologous sites (control group), with or without gingival recession (GR) and with attached gingiva, were left untreated. Patients were recalled every 4 to 6 months during follow‐up period. GR depth, keratinized tissue (KT) width, and probing depth were measured at baseline (T0), 1 year after surgery (T1), during follow‐up (10 to 27 years, T2), and at the end of the follow‐up period (18 to 35 years, T3). Multilevel and regression analyses were conducted.

Results: At the end of T3, 83% of the 64 treated sites showed recession reduction (RecRed), whereas 48% of the 64 untreated sites experienced increase in recession. Treated sites ended with gingival margin (GM) 1.7 mm (P = 0.01) more coronal and KT 3.3 mm (P <0.001) wider than untreated sites. In grafted sites, KT at T3 remained stable compared with T1 value (4.1 mm, P <0.001).

Conclusions: Sites treated with GAPs resulted in coronal displacement of GM with RecRed up to complete root coverage, whereas contralateral untreated sites showed a tendency to increase in existing recession or develop new recession during the 18‐ to 35‐year follow‐up.
The Efficacy of Nigeria Monetary Policy: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Ikechukwu Acha , Itoro Ikoh , Christiana Nsien
Published: August 2016

This study assesses the efficacy of the Nigeria’s monetary policy against the backdrop of single digit inflation monetary policy target of the regulatory authorities. Two related questions were constructed to guide the study. Relying on both the Keynesian and Structuralist analyses, data were harvested on inflationary performance for 24 years on Nigeria economy from the World Bank data base and assessed it against achievement of the targeted single digit inflation. Thereafter Nigeria inflationary performance was compared with that of South Africa another leading African economy. It was realized that inflationary pressure on the South African economy was lower than that of Nigeria, even when both countries faced high inflation episodes during the early decade of 1990s. Findings which confirm the structuralist’s argument revealed that factors beyond the purview of monetary policy constrained the realization of single digit inflation. These include the existence of various and uncontrolled sources of liquidity in the country, government fiscal operation, which include financing of deficit budget and monetization of deficits, the existence of large informal credit markets, among others. Based on this, we recommend for concerted improvement of public infrastructure, the perfection of cashless economy programme, effective prosecution of war against corruption, and the creation of a single treasury account to help close leakages especially those linked to revenue accruable to government through MDAs and remittance to States and MDAs, among others.
Piercing the Veil’s Effect on Corporate Human Rights Violations & International Corporate Crime (Human Trafficking, Slavery, etc)
Authors: Konov Joshua
Published: August 2016

This research particularly separates equity ownership from corporate decision makers and management in regard PtCV, considering the last two liable for their CHRV and/or ICrC’ mens rea (purpose, knowledge, recklessness, and negligence, however in “public welfare offenses, or vicarious Liability, or a defendant may be liable for international corporate crime absent any showing of mens rea), inchoate crime, and actus reus thus falling under the common, civil, criminal laws and torts. However the dividing corporate structures and seeking personal liability should depend from the corporate structure of directors, officers or managers’ involvement in the CHRV and/or ICrC mens rea, inchoate crime and actus reus that will impute the PtCV’ effect on their liability. Under modern corporate practice, it is the corporate executives who hold management functions, not the board members. Because the term managing model is now an inaccurate description (especially over the last 25 years).
FEEDING KENYA 2015 AND BEYOND –WHOSE RESPONSIBILITY?
Authors: Kenneth Rono Kiplangat
Published: August 2016

In the world, food insecurity remains an enormous challenge. Food insecurity is still a great concern for many households in Kenya. This situation is connected to high level of poverty that exists in the country, particularly in rural areas. Each year , between one to four million people receive relief food from both the national and donor agencies such as the world food program. Unfortunately policy responses have almost always inclined towards responding to emergencies of food shortages rather than on putting in place systems responsible for feeding Kenya in 2015 and beyond. This paper highlights key paradigm shift approaches to achieving food security in Kenya. The expected quick win outputs with regard to commitment to feed Kenya and methodologies on how to increase food security in Kenya have been discussed. Kenya’s new constitution has devolved many responsibilities to the community level and therefore Kenya is poised to succeed in a ground up approach to boost food productivity. This is key to addressing food insecurity and feeding Kenya 2015 and beyond. This is the responsibility of national government through the ministry of Agriculture, livestock and fisheries and government through the County Agriculture docket. The arguments in this paper are informed by a number of secondary sources from which I gathered information. I have no doubt in my mind that this paper will allow the researcher to work with other global leaders in food security research to tackle one of the societal grand challenges of the 21st century: feeding a global population of 9 -10 billion people by 2015.
Globalization, Gender (IN) Equality and the Transnational Diffusion of Other Social Movements
Authors: MOLDOVAN Octavian
Published: August 2016

The aim of this paper is to analyze how globalization has influenced the spread of different social movements, with a peculiar focus on gender issues, the Islamist expansion and the Gandhian nonviolence repertoire and self-immolation. These particular social movements were chosen due to their heterogeneity as they entail different contents (central claims being made) and repertoires (forms of manifestation).

 If the Islamist movement, the Gandhian repertoire of nonviolence and self-immolation have reached a global level due to conscious actions undertaken by leaders and networks of followers spreading from the less developed to the more developed regions of the globalized world, the plight of gender equality seems to follow a different pattern. Many of the positive outcomes connected with the feminist movement (such as a better economic situation for women, better job market penetration, more equal wages) stem not necessarily from conscious and coordinated actions (although these were often organized and contributed) but can largely be seen as secondary outcomes (spill-overs) of FDI penetration and trade openness. In brief, once western companies relocated to new eastern/southern locations they required female labor force and were more inclined to offer more equal payment than local capitalist/companies. As such, the higher level of gender equality brought by globalization in the ‘poor South’ was largely an unintended effect or a positive externality of FDI penetration and the more gender inclusive labor practices of western companies.
An E-government Interoperability Platform Supporting Personal Data Protection Regulations
Authors: González Laura , Echevarría Andrés , Morales Dahiana , Ruggia Raúl
Published: August 2016

Public agencies are increasingly required to collaborate with each other in order to provide high-quality e-government services. This collaboration is usually based on the service-oriented approach and supported by interoperability platforms. Such platforms are specialized middleware-based infrastructures enabling the provision, discovery and invocation of interoperable software services. In turn, given that personal data handled by governments are often very sensitive, most governments have developed some sort of legislation focusing on data protection. This paper proposes solutions for monitoring and enforcing data protection laws within an E-government Interoperability Platform. In particular, the proposal addresses requirements posed by the Uruguayan Data Protection Law and the Uruguayan E-government Platform, although it can also be applied in similar scenarios. The solutions are based on well-known integration mechanisms (e.g. Enterprise Service Bus) as well as recognized security standards (e.g. eXtensible Access Control Markup Language) and were completely prototyped leveraging the SwitchYard ESB product.
Quantitative Detection of Trace Malachite Green in Aquiculture Water Samples by Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Fang Xiaowei , Yang Shuiping , Chingin Konstantin , Zhu Liang , Zhang Xinglei , Zhou Zhiquan , Zhao Zhanfeng
Published: August 2016

Exposure to malachite green (MG) may pose great health risks to humans, thus it is of prime importance to develop fast and robust methods to quantitatively screen the presence malachite green in environment. Herein application of extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (EESI-MS) has been extended to the trace detection of MG within lake water and aquiculture water, due to the intensive use of MG as biocide in fisheries. This method has the advantage of obviating offline liquid-liquid extraction or tedious matrix separation prior to the measurement of malachite green in native aqueous medium. The experimental results indicate that the extrapolated detection limit for MG was ~3.8 ug L-1 (S/N=3) in lake water samples and ~ 0.5 ug L-1 in ultrapure water under optimized experimental conditions. The signal intensity of MG showed good linearity over the concentration range of 10–5000 ug L-1. Measurement of practical water samples fortified with MG at 0.01 and 0.1 mg L-1 gave a good validation of the established calibration curve. The average recoveries of malachite green in lake water and Carassius carassius fish farm effluent water were 114.9% (6.6% RSD) and 85.4% (9.2% RSD), respectively. Overall, the established EESI-MS/MS method has been demonstrated suitable for sensitive and rapid (
Assessment of in Vivo Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Relation to Disease Progression and Cell Proliferation in Benign and Malignant Breast Diseases
Authors: Karki Kanchan , Pande Deepti , Negi Reena , Khanna Ranjana , Khanna H D
Published: August 2016

The present study was aimed to evaluate the levels of oxidative stress markers in breast diseases by measuring the 8-hydoxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E and total antioxidant status (TAS) alterations in relation to cell proliferation activity and disease progression. Significant increases in the level of oxidative damage marker 8-OHdG and cell proliferation activity were observed in breast carcinoma patients in comparison to benign and normal controls, which were accompanied by significant decrease in non enzymatic antioxidants and TAS concentrations. 8-OHdG and cell proliferation level were negatively correlated with non enzymatic antioxidants viz., Vitamin A, Vitamin C, vitamin E level and total antioxidant activity. Altered levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress and cell proliferation activity amongst the malignant, benign and controls suggest a correlation of increased oxidative stress and cell proliferation activity in the progression of disease in breast carcinoma patients. Among the oxidative stress markers and cell proliferation index, decreased level of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, TAS and increased level of 8-OHdG, cell proliferation index emerged as best predicted biomarkers for subjects with malignancy and benign breast disease.
Comparing Gaelic Football to the Determinants of Winning Performance in Australian Rules Football at Unit-Level
Authors: Brown George
Published: August 2016

It has often been said that Gaelic football (GF) and Australian Rules Football (ARF) are similar sports, and amateur Gaelic footballers have been recruited to play in the professional Australian Football League. Using Wilcoxons’s test, the significant (p < 0.05) factors differentiating winning and losing performance in ARF were indirectly compared to the differentiating factors between winning and losing in GF. Of the 15 key performance indicators (KPIs) that were seen to be significant between ARF teams, six (40 %) were also seen to be significant in discriminating between winning and losing GF teams. A Mann-Whitney U test was then completed to directly compare ARF and GF, twenty-six of the 30 KPIs were seen to be significantly different to each other (p < 0.05). The findings suggest that recruiting a Gaelic footballer based on the belief that their Gaelic background will aid their transition to ARF is not an appropriate decision. Instead, staying with more traditional methods of talent identification – for example anthropometric measurements – is advocated until further research is undertaken in this area.
Quality of Life and Poor Oral Health: A Comparison of Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Williams Kristin A. , Shamia Hebba , DeBaz Christine , Palomo Leena
Published: August 2016

Interrelationships between traditional dental variables are becoming more evident in far reaching aspects of life such as psychosocial interaction, self-esteem, overall health and even occupational performance. This study compares quality of life (QoL) in postmenopausal women (PMW) with poor oral health (POH) with QoL in PMW with good oral health.

200 randomly recruited PMW received a dental evaluation and completed Utian Quality of Life Survey. The participants were divided into POH and healthy groups based on dental exam. Mean scores were calculated for each QoL item, domain and the overall summary score. For each of the four parameters for periodontitis diagnosis, periodontitis patients’ QoL outcomes were compared to those of healthy patients using T-test with threshold of significance at p
Time Domain Strain/Stress Reconstruction Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition: Numerical Study and Experimental Validation
Authors: He Jingjing , Zhou Yibin , Guan Xuefei , Zhang Wei , Zhang Wei Fang , Liu Yongming
Published: August 2016

Structural health monitoring has been studied by a number of researchers as well as various industries to keep up with the increasing demand for preventive maintenance routines. This work presents a novel method for reconstruct prompt, informed strain/stress responses at the hot spots of the structures based on strain measurements at remote locations. The structural responses measured from usage monitoring system at available locations are decomposed into modal responses using empirical mode decomposition. Transformation equations based on finite element modeling are derived to extrapolate the modal responses from the measured locations to critical locations where direct sensor measurements are not available. Then, two numerical examples (a two-span beam and a 19956-degree of freedom simplified airfoil) are used to demonstrate the overall reconstruction method. Finally, the present work investigates the effectiveness and accuracy of the method through a set of experiments conducted on an aluminium alloy cantilever beam commonly used in air vehicle and spacecraft. The experiments collect the vibration strain signals of the beam via optical fiber sensors. Reconstruction results are compared with theoretical solutions and a detailed error analysis is also provided.
Accurate prediction approach of dynamic characteristics for a rotating thin walled annular plate considering the centrifugal stress requirement
Authors: Luo Zhong , Wang You , Zhai Jingyu , Zhu Yunpeng
Published: August 2016

In allusion to the problem that experimental results of similitude models of a rotating turbine disc predict dynamic characteristics of the prototype, the accurate design method of dynamic similitude models of a rotating thin walled annular plate is investigated by considering the centrifugal stress requirement. The vibration differential equation is employed to deduce geometrically complete scaling laws of dynamic frequency and centrifugal stress. In order to determine accurate distorted scaling laws of dynamic frequency, the sensitivity analysis and determination principle are used. For distorted scaling laws of centrifugal stress, the average approach of candidate distorted scaling laws is proposed, and its mathematical form is simple. Furthermore, the numerical validation indicates that distorted scaling laws can predict dynamic characteristics of the prototype and reflect the strength conditions or even failures of a prototype with good accuracy, and applicable intervals of the distorted scaling law are calculated. Finally, an acceptable procedure of the similitude design method of a rotating thin walled annular plate is provided, which guides to the design of test models considering centrifugal stress requirement.