bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CHALLENGE OF IMPLEMENTING SCRUM AGILE METHODOLOGY IN A TRADITIONAL DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Nishijima Renato Takeki , Dos Santos Prof. Dr. JosÃ© GonÃ§alo
Published: May 2018

Agile software development management is gradually gaining more profile and followers among technology companies. The current article presents a study on agile methodologies in contrast to traditional methodologies as well as the motivation to implement agile software development management techniques in small projects by providing an overview of the challenges, objectives, reasons, advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional software development management.
Test Suite Minimization using Hybrid Algorithm for GA generated Test Cases
Authors: Maragathavalli Mrs. P , Kanmani S.
Published: May 2018

Software testing and retesting occurs continuously during the software development lifecycle to detect errors as early as possible. As the software evolves the size of test suites also grows. When the no of test cases generated are more, obviously size of the test suite will also be more.Â  So the testing time is to be minimized by reducing the execution time of the algorithm used for test data generation and also by introducing minimization procedure for test suite reduction. Due to limited resources and timing constraints for testing, test suite minimization techniques are needed to eliminate redundant test cases as possible. By considering multiple objectives rather than the coverage alone, the test cases are being generated which satisfies the testing requirements. Most of the existing techniques are code-based. In this article we present an approach by modifying an existing heuristic for test suite minimization.Â  Genetic algorithm has been used for random test data generation and the output of GA is given to the minimization procedure for reducing the total no of generated test cases, collectively named as Hybrid Algorithm (HA). The results are satisfactory and show significant improvements in reducing test suite size with minimum execution time. Experiments have been done for simple to medium complexity java programs taken from SIR and execution time is reduced to 5,685ms for a test set. The results are compared with existing method Mutant Gene Algorithm and size of test suite is minimized upto 13.6% using Hybrid Algorithm.
Secured Data Transmission Using Wavelet Based Steganography And Cryptography
Authors: Reddy Mittapalli Indrasena , Kumar V. Uday , Reddy K. Subba , Kumar P. Venkat Vijay
Published: May 2018

Steganography and cryptographic methods are used together with wavelets to increase the security of the data while transmitting through networks. Another technology, the digital watermarking is the process of embedding information into a digital (image) signal. Before embedding the plain text into the image, the plain text is encrypted by using Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm. The encrypted text is embedded into the LL subband of the wavelet decomposed image using Least Significant Bit (LSB) method. Then the inverse wavelet transform is applied and the resultant image is transmitted to the receiver. The receiver will perform the same operations in reverse order.
An Energy Efficient Data Transfer Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Bhattacharya Partha Pratim , Saraswat Jyoti
Published: May 2018

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are generally energy and resource constrained. In most WSN applications the traffic pattern is from sensor-to-sink and for effective utilization of available resources in network data aggregation is employed. If a data packet is lost due to node failure or collision the correlated information content by data packets is lost. Existing protocols that provide reliable data transfer for sensor-to-sink traffic are either not energy efficient or they provide reliability at the event level. Energy efficiency can be improved by employing proper duty cycle values. By extending the concept of monitors the proposed protocol provides packet level reliability and improves the energy efficiency by employing duty cycles. To further decrease the energy consumption only a subset of nodes is chosen as active nodes to transfer the data. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated using Matlab. Results show that protocol has significant improvement in terms of energy saving, throughput and packet delivery ratio.
Performance Comparison of PI and Fuzzy-PI Logic Speed Control of Induction Motor
Authors: Singh Yaduvir , Singh Darshan , Kaur Dalveer
Published: May 2018

Single-phase induction motors are also used extensively for smaller loads. Speed control of induction motor has beenimplemented using PI (Proportional-Integral) controller and Fuzzy PI controller in Simulink MATLAB. The results showthat induction motor Fuzzy-PI speed control method results in a quicker response with no overshoot than theÂ conventional PI controller. The settling time of induction motor Fuzzy-PI speed is better than the conventional PIÂ controller. The integral time of weighted absolute error (ITEA) performance criteria also shows that the induction motorÂ Fuzzy-PI speed control has better performance. Moreover, the induction motor Fuzzy-PI speed control has a strongÂ ability to adapt to the significant change of system parameters.
Representation of cloud ecosystem using engineering methodologies
Authors: AR Manu , Agrawal Dr. Vinod Kumar , Murthy Dr. K N Bala Subramanya
Published: May 2018

Cloud Computing has fascinated massive consideration for business in spite of lot of technologies and business models in the market. The operational particulars within the cloud are not coherent enough to customers. Hence, this paper provides the method to derive trusted cloud computing scaffold. This scaffold is represented using the engineering methodologies. In this work we use elementary engineering principles of computation to represent the cloud eco-system, comprising of complete cloud system from the end-user perspective.
A Review on associative classification for Diabetic Datasets A Simulation Approach
Authors: Jain Deepti , Singh Divakar
Published: May 2018

Association rules are used to discover all the interesting relationship in a potentially large database. Association rule mining is used to discover a small set of rules over the database to form more accurate evaluation. They capture all possible rules that explain the presence of some attributes in relation to the presence of other attributes. This review paper aims to study and observe a flexible way, of, mining frequent patterns by extending the idea of the Associative Classification method. For better performance, the Neural Network Association Classification system is also analyzed here to be one of the approaches for building accurate and efficient classifiers. In this review paper, the Neural Network Association Classification system is studied and compared in order to find best possible accurate results. Association rule mining and classification rule mining can be integrated to form a framework called as Associative Classification and these rules are referred as Class Association Rules. This review research paper also analyzes how data mining techniques are used for predicting different types of diseases. This paper reviewed the research papers which mainly concentrated on predicting Diabetes.
Analysis of Multi layer Perceptron Network
Authors: Kaur Jatinder , Singh Dr. Mandeep , Bains Pardeep Singh , Singh Gagandeep
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we introduce the multilayer Perceptron (feedforward) neural network (MLPs) and used it for a function approximation. For the training of MLP, we have used back propagation algorithm principle. The main purpose of this paper lies in changing the number of hidden layers of MLP for achieving minimum value of mean square error.
Comparative study of different Sense Amplifiers in 0.18um technology
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Chatterjee Arun Kr.
Published: May 2018

A comparative study of different types of sense amplifiers [1] using 0.18um technology is presented. The sense amplifiers under considerations are used in SRAM and DRAM cells.The sensing delay of different types of sense amplifiersÂ  are evaluated with respect to variation of bitline capacitance. Comparative results are also provided for the variation in delay with respect to power supply. Extensive results based on 0.18um CMOS technology using CADENCE Spectre simulation tools are presented for different architectures of sense amplifiers. From these results it has been proven that if the output of sense amplifier is isolated from the bitline parasitic capacitance then the sensing delay of sense amplifier reduces.
Performance Analysis and FPGA Implementation of Digital PID Controller for Speed Control of DC Motor
Authors: Agarwal Charul , Gupta Ashutosh , Rana Haneet
Published: May 2018

This paper deals with the performance analysis and implementation of PID(Proportional-Integral-Derivative) Controller on FPGA platform.The hardware implementation has been done on Xilinx Spartan 3E FPGA board.The software implementation has been done using Xilinx ISE 8.1i as a tool and simulation is performed using ModelSim 5.4a as a simulator.The PWM signal is generated by FPGA board,which further given to dc motor for its speed control. A new technique has been introduced for the generation of the control input as a PWM signal for controlling the motor driver circuit and decoding the optical encoder data for using it for the speed feedback in the PID control loop. The VHDL algorithm for the proposed implementation has been presented in this paper. Performance analysis of PID controller using MATLAB software shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Virutalized Cloud Environment : A Survey
Authors: Singh Er.Gursimran , Bhathal Dr.Gurjit Singh
Published: May 2018

Cloud computing is one of today's most exciting technology because of its cost-reducing, flexibility, and scalability. With the fast growing of cloud computing technology, Data security becomes more and more important in it. In evaluating whether to move to cloud computing, it is important to compare benefits and also risks of it. Thus, security and other existed issues in the cloud cause cloud clients need more time to think about moving to cloud environments. But Security-related topics is one of the most arguable issues in the cloud computing which caused several enterprises looks to this technology uncertainly and move toward it warily[2]. A Virtualization Security framework is presented which contains two parts: virtual system security and virtualization security management.[1] The paper is devoted to the mechanism of monitoring of virtual machines aimed at guaranteeing increased security to cloud resources. Furthermore, the requirements for this mechanism are enumerated.[3]
Investigations on Bit error rate performance of DWDM Free space optics system using Semiconductor Optical Amplifier in Rain Environment
Authors: Sharma Charu , Singh Sukhbir
Published: May 2018

Optical fibers till date are the highest data capacity supported network. The bandwidth supported by fibers is very high but deploying fibers in many cases is not possible. In this scenario the alternate approach that can carry same data rate is FSO (Free space optics) but FSO link can not support a long distance transmission because FSO links are affected by the atmospheric conditions adversely.To increase the link distance of FSO, optical amplification of signal can be done. In this paper use of SOA (Semiconductor optical amplifier) as preamplifier is presented, performance of free space optical system is investigated with varying number of channels and with varying channel spacing. With 8 channels, 10 dBm input power the link range is 6.5 Km, for 16 channels it is 5.1 Kms.Investigation on bit rate and receiver sensitivity is also done. Maximum bit rate achieved with WDM system is 10 Gbps and receiver sensitivity with varying bit rate values are analyzed and found that receiver is most sensitive with 2.5 Gbps.
Direct Machine Translation System from Punjabi to Hindi for Newspapers headlines Domain
Authors: Rani Sumita , Luxmi Dr. Vijay
Published: May 2018

Machine Translation System is an important area in Natural Language Processing. The Direct MT system is based upon the utilization of syntactic and vocabulary similarities between more or few related natural languages. The relation between two or more languages is based upon their common parent language. The similarity between Punjabi and Hindi languages is due to their parent language Sanskrit. Punjabi and Hindi are closely related languages with lots of similarities in syntax and vocabulary. In the present paper, Direct Machine Translation System from Punjabi to Hindi has been developed and its output is evaluated in order to get the suitability of the system.
Proof of Logic: Correctness of Next Generation Security Mechanisms
Authors: Bernardo Danilo Valeros
Published: May 2018

In this paper, three security mechanisms developed to form the UDT (UDP-Data Transfer protocol) Security Architecture are evaluated and analyzed. An approach is utilized to ascertain the applicability and secrecy properties of the selected security mechanisms when implemented with UDT. In this approach, a formal proof of correctness, through formal composition logic is carried out. This approach is modular; it has a separate proof for each protocol section that provides insight into the network environment in which each section can be reliably employed. Moreover, the proof holds for a variety of failure recovery strategies and other implementation and configuration options.This paper is anÂ  extension and a revised version of the works published by the author.
A Comparative Evaluation of approaches for Model Testability
Authors: Nikfard Pourya , Ibrahim Suhaimi Bin , Rohani Babak Darvish , Selamat Harihodin Bin , Mahrin Mohd Nazri
Published: May 2018

Design for testability is a very importantissue in software engineering. It becomes crucial in the case of Model Based Testing where models are generally not tested before using as input of Model Based Testing. The quality of design models (e.g.; UML models), has received less attention, which are main artifacts of any software design. Testability tends to make the validation phase more efficient in exposing faults during testing, and consequently to increase quality of the end-product to meet required specifications. Testability modeling has been researched for many years. Unfortunately, the modeling of a design for testability is often performed after the design is complete. This limits the functional use of the testability model to determining what level of test coverage is available in the design. This information may be useful to help assess whether a product meets the target requirement to achieve a desired level of test coverage, but has little pro-active effect on making the design more testable.
A Petri Net approach for representing Orthogonal Variability Models
Authors: Martinez Cristian , Gonnet Silvio , Leone Horacio
Published: May 2018

The software product line (SPL) paradigm is used for developing software system products from a set of reusable artifacts, known as platform. The Orthogonal Variability Modeling (OVM) is a technique for representing and managing the variability and composition of those artifacts for deriving products in the SPL. Nevertheless, OVM does not support the formal analysis of the models. For example, the detection of dead artifacts (i.e., artifcats that cannot be included in any product) is an exhaustive activity which implies the verification of relationships between artifacs, artifacts parents, and so on. In this work, we introduce a Petri nets approach for representing and analyzing OVM models. The proposed net is built from elemental topologies that represents OVM concepts and relationships. Finally, we simulate the net and study their properties in order to avoid the product feasibility problems.
Sparsity based Single Object Tracking
Authors: Abraham Glincy , Narayanankutty K.A. , Soman K.P.
Published: May 2018

Object tracking has importance in various video processing applications like video surveillance, perceptual user interface driver assistance, tracking etc. This paper deals with a new tracking technique that combines the dictionary based background subtraction along with sparsity based tracking. The speed and performance challenges faced during the sparsity based tracking alone are addressed, as it is based on a background subtraction preprocessing and local compressive tracking. It also overcomes the challenges faced by the traditional techniques due to illumination variation, pose and shape change of the object. Output of the proposed technique is compared with that of compressive tracking technique.
Wavelength Assignment Algorithm for optical networks
Authors: Dar Gulzar Ahmad , Saini Hardeep singh
Published: May 2018

Wavelength assignment problem is one of the important problem in optical networks as on the first stage the route of the optical network is to be selected and after the route is selected then the wavelength is to be assigned to that route. In this paper we have proposed a wavelength assignment technique for the better performance of the optical network. The results have proved it better than the conventional algorithms.
An Empirical Study on Software Reuse in Small IT Companies in the Balkan Region
Authors: Imeri Florinda , Antovski Ljupcho
Published: May 2018

Software reuse as a distinct field of study in software engineering has been practiced since programming began. From different surveys it is seen that software reuse is an inevitable solution that has potential to improve time â€“to-market and man power/cost trends that have been ongoing, having a significant impact on software industry.Â  It helps organize large-scale development and what is more important; it makes system building less expensive. In large companies many success stories of software reuse and use components have been quoted, with its potential for achieving good quality systems in short time scales but what about small, less structured companies, who depend on the ability to produce their product as quickly as possible, while trying to keep standards high enough to keep their customers happy and their maintenance costs low. One important issue is how to make best use of reuse at the companies of small size. In this article, we described the results of our survey at several IT companies in the region, mainly in Macedonia and Kosovo. Our aim was to evaluate issues surrounding software reuse and component-based development, from the perspective of developers involved in a software development. We wanted to explore their experience with software reuse and COTS components, to look at the possible benefits, disadvantages and contributors towards successful reuse and possibly try to increase the knowledge and understanding of CBSE.
Service Oriented Load Balancing Framework in Computational Grid Environment
Authors: Goswami Sukalyan , De Sarkar Ajanta
Published: May 2018

Grid computing or computational grid has become a vast research field in academics. It is a promising platform that provides resource sharing through multi-institutional virtual organizations for dynamic problem solving. Such platforms are much more cost-effective than traditional high performance computing systems. Due to the provision of scalability of resources, these days grid computing has become popular in industry as well. However, computational grid has different constraints and requirements to those of traditional high performance computing systems. In order to fully exploit such grid systems, resource management and scheduling are key challenges, where issues of task allocation and load balancing represent a common problem for most grid systems as because the load scenarios of individual grid resources are dynamic in nature. The objective of this paper is to review different existing load balancing algorithms or techniques applicable in grid computing and propose a layered service oriented framework for computational grid to solve the prevailing problem of dynamic load balancing.
An Efficient Method for Similarity Measure in Independent PCA based Classification
Authors: Kekre Dr. H. B. , K. Sarode Dr. Tanuja , K. Save Jagruti
Published: May 2018

The paper presents a new approach of finding nearest neighbor in image classification algorithm by proposing efficient method for similarity measure. Generally in supervised classification, after finding the feature vectors of training images and testing images, nearest neighbor classifier does the classification job. This classifier uses different distance measures such as Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance etc. to find the nearest training feature vector. This paper proposes to use Mean Squared Error (MSE) to find the nearness between two images. Initially Independent Principal Component Analysis (PCA),which we discussed in our earlier work, is applied to images of each class to generate Eigen coordinate system for that class. Then for the given test image, a set of feature vectors is generated. New images are reconstructed using each Eigen coordinate system and the corresponding test feature vector. Lowest MSE between the given test image and new reconstructed image indicates the corresponding class for that image. The experiments are conducted on COIL-100 database. The performance is also compared withÂ  distance based nearest neighbor classifier. Results show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy even for small size of training set.
Comparative Study of DES, 3DES, AES and RSA
Authors: Singh Amritpal , Marwaha Mohit , Singh Baljinder , Singh Sandeep
Published: May 2018

In today world importance of exchange of data over internet and other media type is eminent; the search for best data protection against security attacks and a method to timely deliver the data without much delay is the matter of discussion among security related communities. Cryptography is one such method that provides the security mechanism in timely driven fashion. Cryptography is usually referred to as "the study of secret", which is most attached to the definition of encryption. The two main characteristics that identify and differentiate encryption algorithm from another are their capability to secure the protected data against attacks and their speed and effectiveness in securing the data. This paper provides a comparative study between four such widely used encryption algorithms DES, of DES, 3DES, AES and RSA on the basis of their ability to secure and protect data against attacks and speed of encryption and decryption.
The Analytical Applications And Biological Activity of Hydroxamic acids
Authors: Abualreish M. J. A. , Abdein M. A.
Published: May 2018

Hydroxamic acids play a vital role in applied chemistry , the present literature review is an investigation on the analytical applications and biological activity of hydroxamic acids .The review includes a survey of  the historical background of hydroxamic acids , their general structure , classification , physical properties , stability and occurrence in nature .  In addition the review discuss the synthesis and  identification of hydroxamic acids ,in which different methods of synthesis and different analytical techniques for identification were outlined .The review also includes the wide use of hydroxamic acids , mainly their analytical applications and a summarized account of the biological activity of hydroxamic acids.
Novel removal of Anthracene from oil-contaminated water by synthesized modified magnetic nano-particles
Authors: Torabian Azadeh , Panahi H. Ahmad , Bidhendi G.R. Nabi , Mehrdadi N.
Published: May 2018

Novel magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) modified with (3-mercaptopropyl)-trimethoxysilane (MPTMS), grafted with allyl glycidyl ether and coupled with beta naphthol, were prepared for removal of anthracene in aqueous solutions. The grafted MNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The modified MNPs contributed to enhancement of the adsorption capacity and were prepared by co-precipitation. The modified MNPs were characterized by TEM, FT-IR and TGA and the adsorption and kinetic behavior of anthracene on the modified MNPs was examined. It was shown that the nano-adsorbent optimized adsorption capacity is at pH 7. Three kinetics models: pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion were used to investigate the adsorption mechanism of the anthracene onto the modified MNPs. The best fit was obtained for the pseudo-second-order model. The synthesized nano adsorbent can be considered as a new method for anthracene adsorption in contaminated water with the benefit of fast removal by applying a magnetic field.
Using Microwave Irradiation for synthesis of Imides consist of Pyromellitimide
Authors: Saedi Habib
Published: May 2018

Bispyromellitimides are an important class of substrates in polymer chemistry as monomers in polyimides or their copolymers synthesis.A fast and efficient microwave-assisted synthetic procedure for the preparation of series of these compounds 3(a-h) from the reaction of pyromellitic anhydride and aniline or its derivatives (a-h) is described. Elemental analysis, FT-IR and1H-FT-NMR Spectra revealed the confirmation of these compounds in good agreement.
Effects of clinoptilolite addition to colostrum on the concentration of serum proteins, minerals, enzyme activities in neonatal calves
Authors: Zarcula Simona Marc , Mircu Călin , Bonc Gheorghe , Kirovski Danijela , Otavă Gabriel , Ahmadi-Khoie Mirela , Tulcan Camelia
Published: May 2018

The objective of our research was to determine the effects of colostrum supplementation with clinoptilolite on concentrations of serum proteins, minerals and enzyme activities in newborn calves. Twenty newborn calves that were divided into control group (n=10) which received colostrum and experimental group (n=10) that received colostrum with 0.5% clinoptilolite added in the first three colostrum meals were studied. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein in vacutainer tubes from all calves prior to colostrum intake and after that, at 24 and 48 h after birth. Samples were analyzed for total protein, albumin, α1-globulin, α2-globulin, ß-globulin, γ-globulin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, gamma glutamyltransferase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. Clinoptilolite supplementation had significant effect (p<0.0006) on serum iron concentrations in experimental (27.64±3.78 µmol/l) vs control group (8.93±1.26 µmol/l) after 48h. GGT values were also significantly higher (p<0.04) in E (163.60±26.67 U/l) than in C group (84.01±19.77 U/l) at 48h after parturition. Other parameters analyzed were unaffected by clinoptilolite treatment. Obtained data revealed that colostrum supplemented with clinoptilolite had positive effects on some mineral parameters.
A study on Biosorptive Removal of Cd from Wastewater using Chironomid Larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Authors: Bae Yeon Jae , Ryoo Keon Sang , Cho Kijong , Baek Min Jeong
Published: May 2018

Cadmium (Cd) has caused serious public health problem due to its toxic nature. It is necessary to find a cost-effective method to dispose of wastewater containing Cd. Chironomid larvae as an alternative to conventional adsorbents were applied to remove Cd from wastewater. The sorption studies of Cd were carried out using laboratory-reared Glyptotendipes tokunagai (Diptera: Chironomidae) larvae. Kinetic and sorption capacity of chironomid larvae for Cd were determined by means of controlled experiments in a batch system. It was observed that removal efficiency of Cd was largely concentration dependent and more effective in lower concentration. At equilibrium, Cd was removed up to roughly 53 %. The sorption kinetics were found to conform to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model with a good correlation. Equilibrium sorption data were best fitted to the both Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models owing to their correlation coefficient R2 values greater than 0.99. Considering the values obtained from isotherm constants 1/n and r, it is confirmed that Cd is sorbed favorably by chironomid larvae. With its relatively high removal capability for Cd, Chironomid larvae have enormous potential for application in wastewater treatment technologies.
INHIBITIVE BEHAVIOUR OF GREEN INHIBITOR IN POTABLE WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Authors: Asokan T. , Thangavelu C.
Published: May 2018

The inhibition effect of amino trimethylene phosphonic acid (ATMP) and zinc ions on the corrosion of carbon steel in potable water distribution system was investigated. The corrosion inhibiting action was studied through weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and AC impedance spectroscopy techniques. The possibilities of formation of protective complex was examined using UV – visible spectroscopy. The investigations revealed that zinc acts as an excellent synergist in corrosion inhibition. UV – visible spectral study indicates that there will be a possibility of formation of complexes of ATMP and Zn2+ with carbon steel iron. Polarization studies indicate that the new binary system is a mixed inhibitor. Result of the impedance studies shows that a protective film is formed on the metal surface in presence of the inhibitor formulation.
Crystal Growth and Characterization of the Non-Centrosymmetric Hydrated Co-hexaborate templated by racemic 2-methylpiperazinium (C5H14N2){Co[B6O7(OH)6]2}.2H2O
Authors: Akriche Samah , Tliba Aymen , Rzaigui Mohamed
Published: May 2018

Large single crystals of the non-centrosymmetric hydrated Co-hexaborate (C5H14N2){Co[B6O7(OH)6]2}.2H2O were grown from aqueous solution and characterized by powder and single-crystal XRD methods, IR, UV-Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements. Single-crystal XRD analyses show that the reported compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic non-centrosymmetric space group Fdd2 and its crystal structure consists of anionic molecular Co-hexaborate units arranged into 3D-supramolecular honey-comb like structure network with the organic cation and water of crystallization occupying large tunnels voids along [110] through strong hydrogen bond interactions. In addition, Its electronic properties have also been investigated showing a considerable important gap energy well proving the semiconductor behavior and the photoluminescent property of reported material.
Adsorption of U(VI) from aqueous solution by Triocthylamine (TOA) functionalized magnetite nanoparticles as a novel adsorbent
Authors: Mansouri Nemat , Noaparast Mohammad , Saberyan Kamal
Published: May 2018

Adsorption of U (VI) from aqueous solutions was investigated using magnetically assisted chemical separation (MACS) process. In the present study, Triocthylamine (TOA) functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (TOAFMNPs) were applied as a novel adsorbent for adsorption of U (VI) from aqueous solutions. The effects of initial pH, Triocthylamine to magnetite nanoparticles weight ratio, amount of adsorbent, stirring time and initial U(VI) concentration on U(VI) adsorption efficiency were investigated by batch experiments. The adsorption of U(VI) using this adsorbent was pH dependent, and the optimal pH was 5.5. In kinetics studies, the adsorption equilibrium can be reach within 20 min., and the experimental data were well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model. The highest value of U(VI) adsorption (93.8%) was achieved in optimum conditions. The Langmuir isotherm model correlates well with the U(VI) adsorption equilibrium data for the concentration range 10-80 mg/l. The maximum U(VI) adsorption capacity onto adsorbent was 27.5 mg/g at room temperature. Present study suggests that TOAFMNPs could be employed as a potential adsorbent for U(VI) adsorption, and also could provide a simple and fast separation method for removal of U(VI) ion from solutions
Physicochemical characteristics of shea kernels and kinetics of shea butter press extraction
Authors: A. M. Mohagir , Nde.D Bup , Charfadine M. Ahmat
Published: May 2018

Morphological study of some non conventional oil seeds are of great interest for the development of some communities. In this investigation, shea kernels from 4 localities in Chad were studied. The sun dried shea kernels from Beinamar locality had the greatest length (28.30 ±3,25 mm), diameter (20.58 ±2.46 mm), weight (5.56 ±1.52 g) and moisture content (3.79 ± 0.14 %), whereas the kernels of Penie village had the least values (24.25 ± 2.54, 19.02 ± 2.34, 4. 0 ± 1.01 and 3.54 ± 0.33 respectively) of the mentioned characteristics. On the other hand, the total lipid content of Penie’s shea kernels was the highest (58.5%) whereas that of Bolo village was the lowest one (53.53 ± 0.40 %). The acid value of the 4 samples was extremely high (25.31 ± 0.71- 38.30 ± 0.76 mg KOH/g oil), whereas the acid value of the oven dried shea kernels produced using boiling method was low (1.2 - 2.1). The kinetics of press extraction of shea butter suggested that the extraction time is 12 min.
QUANTIFICATION OF RESIDUAL CLOVE OIL, BENZOCAINE AND TRICAINE IN FISH FILLETS USING SPE AND UPLC-DAD
Authors: Pereira Robson A. , Saczk Adelir A. , Okamura Daniel , Cardoso Maria das Graças , Costa Leandro S. , Santiago Wilder D. , Souza Thallis M. , Lima Rafael M. Felix De , Rosa Priscila V. E
Published: May 2018

Residual quantification of the anesthetics clove oil (CO) – isoeugenol (ISO), eugenol (EUG) and methyleugenol (MET) –,benzocaine (BZN) and tricaine (MS-222) was made in fillets of two fish species: Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and acatfish hybrid, cachadia (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum x Leiarius marmoratus). Samples (n=4) of each fish wereevaluated after submitted to anesthesia in five dosages defined based on the induction time of each species afterdepuration times (0h, 12h, 24h and 48h). Different methodologies of sample preparation were tested and selectedaccording to the better recovery. The quantification of anesthetics was performed by UPLC-DAD. The variance of residualmeans among anesthetics, dosages and fish species was compared. After anesthesia (0h) both species, tilapia andcachadia, presented residual anesthetics. Fishes depurated during 12h, 24h and 48h did not present detectable values, itmeans, values were below the limits of detection. BZN presented the highest mean residual concentration for tilapia andcachadia (p=0.01), while MS-222 presented the lowest residual amounts in tilapias and EUG in cachadias, what may berelated to the metabolism and carcass composition of each fish species. There were no significant differences among thefive dosages, except the lowest MS-222 concentration in tilapias that resulted in higher residual concentrations becauselow dosages increase the induction time and consequently the permanence of the fish in anesthesia. Ultimately, meanvalues of residues in cachadia were higher than in tilapia, and MS-222 and EUG presented the lowest residual values fortilapia and cachadia, respectively.
Green synthesis of Novel Schiff bases derived from 2, 6 diamino pyridine – Characterization and Biological activity
Authors: Bhai.R Devika , Girija C.R , Reddy.K Ramakrishna
Published: May 2018

Present work produces an excellent green route for the synthesis of Schiff bases derived from 2, 6 diamino pyridine, by using lemon juice as the catalyst. This method is experimentally simple, quick, clean and high yielding. Purity and yield of the reaction is increased by using lemon juice there by avoided the traditional dehydrating agents like glacial acetic acid. This method was successfully extended for the synthesis of different Schiff bases derived from 2,6 diamino pyridine like N,N´-bis(2-hydroxy-1-napthalene)-2,6-pyridiamine, N,N´-bis(2-methoxy-1-napthalene)-2,6-pyridiamine and N,N´-bis (naphthalene)- 2,6-pyridiamine. These compounds were prepared by using catalytic amount of lemon juice, and found more economical, safe, neat and eco friendly than using other commercially available dehydrating agents.The synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR spectroscopy, CHN analysis and mass. Compounds are screened for their antifungal activity against Aspergillusniger and M.fufur while antibacterial activity was checked against E.coli, Klebsiella, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. Hydroxyl derivative of the compound was showing significant anti bacterial activity against all selected bacteria. Klebsiella was showing a considerable inhibition compared to standard Tetracycline.
Recent Developments In Chemistry Of 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles
Authors: Mahmoud Mahmoud Refaee , Ismail Mahmoud Fawzy
Published: May 2018

The methods of preparation, structure and biological activities of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles are reported.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF CHEMICAL TREATMENTS ON THE TENSILE BEHAVIOUR OF ABACA FIBER REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES
Authors: Punyamurthy Ramadevi , Sampathkumar Dhanalakshmi , Bennehalli Basavaraju , Badyankal Pramod V
Published: May 2018

Abaca fibers were subjected to different chemical treatments like alkali treatment, permanganate treatment, acrylation & benzene diazonium chloride treatment and these chemically treated fibers were used as reinforcements in the preparation of polypropylene composites by hot compression moulding method. Various composites were fabricated with different fiber loadings of 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70%. Abaca composites with 40% fiber loadings were found to have optimum properties when tensile tests were carried out and the study also revealed that treated composites were found to have improved tensile properties when compared to untreated composites. Among all the treatments carried out benzene diazonium chloride treated abaca fiber reinforced polypropylene composites showed higher tensile strength. These composites showed 82.38% increase in tensile strength when compared to untreated composites for 40% fiber loading.
LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION-SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF MOLYBDENUM USING o-HYDROXYTHIOPHENOLS
Authors: Zalov Ali Z. , Gavazov Kiril Blazhev
Published: May 2018

27 liquid-liquid extraction-chromogenic systems containing Mo(VI), o-hydroxythiophenol derivative {HTPDs: 2-hydroxy-5-chlorothiophenol (HCTP), 2-hydroxy-5-bromothiophenol (HBTP) or 2-hydroxy-5-iodothiophenol (HITP)} and aromatic amine (AA) were studied. Aniline (An), N-methylaniline (mAn), N,N-dimethylaniline (dAn), o-toluidine (o-Tol), m-toluidine (m-Tol), p-toluidine (p-Tol), 3,4-xylidine (o-Xyl), 2,4-xylidine (m-Xyl), and 2,5-xylidine (p-Xyl) were the examined AAs. Optimization experiments for molybdenum extraction-spectrophotometric determination were performed and the following parameters were found for each of the systems: organic solvent (opt), pH (opt), CHTPD (opt), CAA (opt), shaking time (opt), l (max) and e (max). Under the optimum conditions, the molar ratio of the reacting Mo(V), HTPD and AA was 1:2:2 and the degrees of Mo extraction were RÂ³98.4%. Linear relationships involving the spectral characteristics of the extracted complexes (lmax or emax) and some fundamental properties of the halogen substituent in the HTPD were discussed. The effect of foreign ions was examined and two sensitive, selective and precise procedures for extraction-spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum were proposed. The relative standard deviations for Mo content of (3-5)Â´10â€“4 mass % were 4% (HCTP-An procedure) and 3% (HBTP-An procedure).
New acetate-intercalated CoNiFe, ZnNiFe and CoZnFe layered double hydroxides: Synthesis by hydrolysis in polyol medium and characterization
Authors: Setti Nawal A. Drici , Derriche Zoubir , JOUINI Noureddine
Published: May 2018

New layered double hydroxides (LDHs) CoNiFe, ZnNiFe and CoZnFe with MII/MIII molar ratio of 3, with acetate ions in the interlayer region have been prepared by forced  hydrolysis in polyol medium.The physico-chemical properties of all products were characterized by the methods of powder X-ray Diffraction, Infrared Spectroscopy, UV-Spectroscopy, Elemental analysis, Thermal analysis, Transmission Electron Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy.It was found that all compounds present the typical features of hydrotalcite-like structure and exhibit a turbostratic character.The insertion of acetate anions into LDHs was confirmed and the interlayer spacing values were respectively 12.47, 13.64 and 14.69 Å for CoNiFe, ZnNiFe and CoZnFe.We notice that there is a difference between the interlayer spacing for all synthesized phases with and without zinc. This can be explained by a structural modification on the level of the layers and/ or different arrangement from the inserted species (anions + water) in the interlayer space for zinc materials.57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry allows concluding the presence of Fe3+ cations which occupy octahedral sites and confirming the absence of Fe2+ in the as-prepared compounds.
Investigation of Hypoglycemic Effect 4-(2--Hydroxyethyl)phenol Compounds Is from Iraqi an Prosopis Juliflora Pods On Level of Glucose Blood of Alloxan - Induced Diabetes Rabbits
Authors: Alsaadi Jamal Harbi Hussien , Al-Maliki Abbas Dawwas Mattar
Published: May 2018

Prosopis juliflora is herbal plant traditionally used in different countries to treat diabetes .In present study the chemicals   of Prosopis juliflora pods were specified by GC-MS ,NMR ,IR  and TLC techniques which  identified the many  chemicals family  compounds .extraction percentage of  4-(2’-Hydroxyethyl)phenol  compound was    (2.532 % ) . Alloxan –induced diabetic rabbits were prepared in present study  after injecting the experimental rabbit with three dose of alloxan  (I.V).Hyperglycemic  rabbits  were divided to tow  groups. First group was administration orally with 0.3 g/kg of  Phenolic  compound (treatment group)) and second group was administrated orally with normal saline  (control group) . the lowest level of glucose was observed in alloxan –induced diabetic rabbits that administrated with phenolic compound  and the significant decreasing was observed after 4hrs of administration   at ( P<0.001). ). Its can  be concluded from the current study the phenolic  compound from Prosopis juliflora pods is very good for  reduce  glucose blood of  hyperglycemic  rabbits  the  4-(2’-Hydroxyethyl)phenol compound    isolated  was  purified  and identified using TLC ,NMR ,GC-MS,IR techniques.Therefor this compound can be used safely to treat diabetes mellitus.
Removal of BTEX from aqueous solutions by paper mill sludge-based activated carbon
Authors: Aghdam Ehsan , Baghdadi Majid , Fard Mohammad Alizadeh
Published: May 2018

The removal of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene and p-xylene) from contaminated groundwater was evaluated by paper mill sludge-based activated carbon, prepared by chemical activation and pyrolysis.The effects of pH, time, adsorbent dosage and adsorbate concentration were studied through batch adsorption experiments. Selected physical and chemical characteristics of the adsorbents, such as specific surface area (613m2/g), pore volume distribution (micropore: 277cm3/g, mesopore: 365cm3/g) and surface functional groups (carboxylic, alkyl and aliphatic groups) were determined by N2 adsorption-desorption diagram and FTIR, respectively. The removal efficiency of the four target compounds would be more than 92 %, which the initial concentrations of BTEX and the adsorbent dosage were 40 mg/l and 1000 mg/l, respectively. It was proved that pH and ionic strength have insignificant effects on the adsorption efficiency. The order of adsorption amount in all experiments was > ethyl-benzene > toluene > benzene. The kinetic data proved a closer fit to the pseudo-first-order model. The isotherm experimental data showed a better fit to either Freundlich or Langmuir model. In addition, a series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the capacity of the adsorbent in adsorbing the BTEX from a groundwater sample contaminated with gasoline.
Solar Photocatalytic production of hydrogen from aqueous polystyrene-Pt/TiO2 Suspension
Authors: Alsaadi Jamal Harbi Hussien , Jabur Hasan Sabeeh
Published: May 2018

In the present work, the Photocatalytic production of hydrogen from aqueous suspension of polystyrene is studied using titanium dioxide doped with platinum as photocatalyst. The parameters affecting the efficiency of Photocatalytic hydrogen production are Pt-loading (%), solution pH and the Pt/TiO2 loading and particle size.  Under optimum conditions, 78 micro moles of hydrogen gas is generated after about 25 hr, irradiation in deacrated solution  ( pH=13, Pt weight % load is 6% and Pt/TiO2 load and particle size are 4 gm/l and 400 mesh size respectively). Negligible amounts of hydrogen gas were noticed in the presence of unplatinized TiO2 at pH lower than 4. The apparent quantum yield of the Photocatalytic production of hydrogen was also determined and is affected by the % load of Pt on TiO2. The number average molecular weight of polystyrene decreases with irradiation time which indicates the photo degradation process under the condition employed. Carbon dioxide is also evolved at the later stage of photolysis process which suggests the partial mineralization of the polymer during the photolysis process. According to the experimental results a mechanism of hydrogen generation and polymer degradation is suggested.
Weight Loss Corrosion Study of Some Metals in Acid Medium
Authors: Usman Aminu D. , Victoria Adams F. , Okoro Linus N.
Published: May 2018

This research was undertaken to examine the corrosion behavior of some metals in different acid solutions using weight loss technique. The magnitude of corrosion of these metals in 0.5 – 3.0 M of solutions of HCl, H2SO4, and HNO3 was studied for an exposure period of 100 minutes (at 20 minutes interval). Rate of corrosion in metals followed this order: zinc > galvanized iron > copper >, while rate of corrosion in aqueous media followed this order: HNO3 > H2SO4 > HCl. It has been obtained that concentration increase leads to increase in rate of corrosion. Further study on the corrosion kinetics has revealed that the rate of reaction of the metals increases with increase in solution concentration, while the half life decreases with increase in solution concentration.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some New 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives As Anti-microbial Agents
Authors: Youssif Bahaa Gamal Mohamed , Abdelrahman Mostafa H.
Published: May 2018

A series of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives bearing different chemical entities were prepared starting from 2-(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)acetohydrazide, compound 2. The purity of all new compounds was checked by TLC and elucidation of their structures was confirmed by IR, 1H and 13C NMR along with High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS). All the target compounds were evaluated for their possible antimicrobial activity. Most of the tested compounds showed moderate to good antibacterial activity against most of the bacterial strains used in comparison with ciprofloxacin as a reference drug. The most active compounds were 4a, 9a, 9b, and 9f. Results of antifungal activity revealed that most of the tested compounds showed a good antifungal activity in comparison to fluconazole as a reference drug. Compounds 4a, 9c, 9d and 9f were the most active ones.
Ultrasonic-assisted ruthenium-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of biscoumarins
Authors: Tabatabaeian Khalil , Zanjanchi Mohammad Ali , Mamaghani Manouchehr , Dadashi Ali
Published: May 2018

The Ru-grafted zeolite beta was found to be an excellent heterogeneous catalyst for one-pot synthesis of biscoumarins. This reaction was carried out under reflux condition and ultrasonic irradiation. On the other hand, the catalyst could be recovered for the subsequent reactions and reused without appreciable loss of activity.