bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Consequences of Prior Initiation of Breast Feeding on Blood Glucose Levels in Neonates Born In a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Rizwan-U- Zama  , Siddiqa Ayesha , Thobbi A.N. , Mudhol Tehseen Sajid , R Shruthi
Published: July 2020

Background: Hypoglycemia is the most common event of failure of metabolic adjustments in the newborn. Changes in maternal and fetal monitoring techniques, administration of glucose-containing solutions during labor, delivery and early feeding in neonates significantly alter blood glucose concentrations during the first week of postnatal life. Subjects and Methods: A total of 90 healthy (60 born by FTND, 30 born by LSCS) term, AGA infants were longitudinally evaluated at birth, at one hour after feeds (post feed), and after 6 hours of life. Plasma glucose was estimated from Heel Prick capillary samples by glucometer method. The influence of mode of delivery, the interval between feeds, sex, birth weight, on blood glucose was analyzed. Results: The way of delivery did not affect the plasma glucose concentration in neonates. There was a substantial increase in blood glucose concentration after the first feed irrespective of their birth weight. It was found that female babies had a higher blood glucose concentration than male babies during our study period. All babies maintained normal blood glucose with the continuation of breastfeeding. Conclusion: Plasma glucose levels are satisfactorily maintained in healthy term infants without resort to pre-lacteal feeds and mode of delivery did not influence plasma glucose. There is no need to check blood glucose levels routinely in an asymptomatic, healthy, term, breastfed infants.
Association between Thyroid Proﬁle and Serum Bilirubin Levels in Term Neonates on Day 3 of Life
Authors: Kadambi Prahlad , MA Ramprakash  , Soujanya Gandi , L Sushanth Prabhath Reddy
Published: July 2020

Background: Neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia is a common clinical scenario that manifests as jaundice in the first week of life. Studies have shown that the physiological peak of serum bilirubin (SBR) levels is highest at 72 hours of life as a result of which SBR is measured at  72 hours of life routinely. The American Academy of Pediatricians (AAP) recommends routine screening for congenital hypothyroidism within the first week of life for all neonates. In common practice, both parameters are assessed simultaneously at 72 hours of life. This study aims     to correlate thyroid Profile and serum bilirubin levels assessed in term neonates at 72 hours of life. Subjects and Methods: Our retrospective study included 105 term neonates born through cesarean-section at MMCHRI, Kanchipuram; between August 2018 and August 2019. Pre-term, neonates born to eclamptic, pre-eclamptic, diabetic, hypothyroid, Rh-incompatible mothers were excluded from the study. The data collected included Birth Weight, Gestational Age, Thyroid Profile (T3, T4, TSH), SBR (Total and Direct). Data were analyzed using SPSS v16. Results: The mean gestational age of the study population was 268.05  6.25 days, and mean birth weight was 2.997  0.36 kgs. The mean serum levels  of total bilirubin were 11.36 3.52 mg/dl. The mean serum fT3, fT4, TSH levels were 8.17 23.2 pg/ml, 2.16 1.68 ng/dl and 4.07 3.4 mIU/ml respectively. A positive association was noted between serum TSH and total serum bilirubin (r= 0.176, p = 0.067) but not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study has not shown a significant association between serum TSH and SBRT in term neonates. However, the simultaneous assessment remains practical in practice.
South Asian University and Educational Integration: Potentials and Outcomes for Peace Promotion between Pakistan and India
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad Tasleem , Khan Abdul Basit , Shah Ali Shan
Published: July 2020

Through education conflicts, poverty, socio-economic injustice, distrust and constant threats to peace can be eradicated. Education is a powerful tool which can bring positive change, prosperity and justice. Conflict resolution and promotion of peace within the societies and with other nations of world can also bring through education .Role of educational institutions are always been considered most important and powerful to bring different cultures and nations closer. Mutual conflicted issues has created uncertainty and distrust in both countries. The wars of 1965, 1971 and recently Kargil conflict in 1999, cross border terrorism and blame game has pushed the relations into uncertain conditions of distrust. The South Asian University is window of integration where both countries students got the chance to get education under one roof. Objectives of establishing South Asian University for closer integration of SAARC countries is still a big challenge for the member nations as it can be used for the peace promotion and people to people connection. In this research paper the objectives and input of South Asian University is examine for bringing nations closer through education. The study examines the role of university to bring the students of Pakistan and India closer and for developing the atmosphere of friendship and trust in both nations. The study examines the civil society connectivity and different kinds of CBMs in both nations’ students by using the platform of university and its impacts on Pak-India relations and developing the peace in the region.
Learning to Teach in Higher Education for Sustainable Professional Development
Authors: Haroon Bibi , Jumani N. B. , Arouj Kehkashan
Published: July 2020

The role of teacher in higher education is very complex. It is recognized that academicians have a greater responsibility to pursue excellence in several directions including leadership, academic management, teaching skills, pursuing scholarships, research and knowledge exchange, supervision, and many more to maintain their professional status.  Academic practice is a term to encompass all these sides. The main objective of the study is to take the views of the teachers about the participation in different learning opportunities and to see their effect for sustainable professional development of university teachers. All the teachers of public sector universities in Islamabad and Rawalpindi encompass the population of the study. Using purposive sampling technique, data was collected through questionnaires. Chi-square test through SPSS was applied to analyze the data.  Data was presented in the form of tables, percentage with graphs and the results were interpreted accordingly.
Women Empowerment and Micro Finance Programs: A Case Study of District Khairpur
Authors: Rahman Misbah , Rahpoto Muhammad Saleem , Mangnejo Ghulam Muhammad
Published: July 2020

The model of double monetary improvement contains the lowest wages (between difference foundations) responsible for the continuous dualism. We use 2 years of micro data from a large number of workers in Pakistan to test whether legally lowest wages have different effects on formal compensation, as opposed to the occasionally different segment. We find that the evidence from Pakistan rejects the assumptions of these models: raising the minimum wage not only extends the compensation in the city format part (big urban effort), which are enclosed through the least wages rule, nonetheless also increases the salaries of altogether other specialists, z Lowest legal allowance, which is generally considered to be an occasional split and is not regularly enforced (eg, small municipal companies, large provincial companies and small country companies). Our finding also suggest that the lowest statutory minimum wages increase wages for specialists in these “random” departments more than in the urban form, and therefore may lose the normal pay gap amid these segments and city additional part, which is considered non- binding nonetheless not governed b the Least Wage Act: the freelance (in together city and provincial regions). Least salaried may therefore lead to a symmetry amid official & casual workers, who referred to as self-employed and paid labors. In any case, we discovery no indication that self-earned income falls by the lowest pay.
Pakistan-United States Relations in Trump Era and FATF
Authors: Hassan Saadat , Bukhari Shahid Hussain
Published: July 2020

The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) has become a modern diplomatic instrument for the United States of America to use it the way it wants for. As the U.S. led Afghan peace process embraced the victory, Washington, Afghan Taliban and Kabul government have agreed upon limited ceasefire and withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan soil. Pakistani authorities are equally ready to cease the movement, amid the challenges posed by the FATF, by facilitating U.S.-Taliban peace deal in Qatar on Feb 29, 2020, the biggest development happened ever in South Asian region. It happened for the first time of grinding warfare since the U.S. invasion in 2001 which is considered to be a vital step to end the insurgency altogether in the region. Pentagon finally accepted Islamabad’s stance that there is no military solution to the Afghan imbroglio. Pakistani authorities, through Afghan authorities, are said to be taking over Pakistani Taliban purportedly operating from Afghanistan.  After playing a key role in brokering the said peace deal, the challenge of FATF as a diplomatic tool to pile up pressure on Islamabad to mold its role in favour of the US and the Taliban talks.
A Causal Nexus of Energy Consumption, Private Investment, Economic Growth and Environmental Degradation: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Parveen Shabana , Ali Hazrat , Sahibzada Habib Elahi , Farooq Sohail
Published: July 2020

The importance of private investment in the growth process of a country cannot be denied, however, its relationship with environmental degradation has not got much attention from researchers yet. The present study is an attempt to divert the attention of researchers and policy makers to the association with private investment and environmental degradation.  The time series data was used from 1975 to 2017. The data was taken from WDI. To analyze the causal link among environmental degradation, private investment, energy consumption and economic growth, Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model is used. Granger causality test is employed for knowing the course of causality in the variables. The results of the VAR model suggest that if an innovation of one standard deviation occurs from outside, it takes about 12 years for CO2 emissions, 9 years for private investment, 10 years for energy consumption and about 8years for economic growth to adjust. Moreover, the results show that most of the variation in all variables is explained by their own. Granger causality test identifies four unilateral causalities in the variables running from CO2 emissions to economic growth while the consumption of energy to CO2 emissions, energy consumption to economic growth while  from economic growth to private investment. The study recommends policy makers to make environmental friendly policies regarding consumption of energy, private investment and also economic growth.
Impact of Economic Reforms on Social Sector of Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Shakeel Muhammad , Hayat Azmat
Published: July 2020

This study evaluates the impact of economic reforms on the social sector of Pakistan by constructing the index of economic reforms of the key sectors of the economy for the period 1971 to 2015 using ARDL. For analysis purpose two separate models have been estimated for poverty and income inequality. The results of the study reveal that economic reforms impact poverty and income inequality negatively and significantly. The negative relationship of economic reforms show that economic reforms are helpful for improving the social sector of Pakistan. Moreover, both the models also show convergence from short run to long run period. The foreign direct investment exerts positive impact on poverty and gross fixed capital has positive impact on both poverty and income inequality. The relationship between population growth and income inequality is positive and significant. Moreover, age dependency ratio and life expectancy reduces both inequality and poverty respectively in the long run. The role of crime appears to be insignificant in case of income inequality. The study suggests that government of Pakistan should formulate and implement pro poor policies and introduce reforms for providing health and educational facilitates. Furthermore, the introduction food subsidy to the poor will also be helpful in reducing the intensity of poverty and inequality in Pakistan.
Role of Transformative Learning Interventions in Developing Conducive Environment for Female Adult Learners in Higher Education
Authors: Shabbir Muhammad , Masood Sajid , Siddiqui Ghazal Khalid
Published: July 2020

The increasing number of female adult learners required a need for a deeper and more additional background related consideration on the effects contributing toward educational achievement for the learners who return to study. The aim of this study is to define the role of Transformative Interventions in developing Conducive Learning Environment for female adult learners in higher education with the consideration on hindrances faced, as they re-engage and continuing their post-compulsory educational passage. Qualitative approach with explanatory case study design has been employed to conduct this study. Semi-structured open-ended interviews conducted for 16 purposefully selected female participants. Two private and two public universities were selected from which adult working students and experienced of having transformative learning interventions during their course. Moreover, the experiences and responses highlighted the needs, hindrances and expectations of the adult students in higher education. They identified reflective activities including article review and reflective writing, faculty support, seminars, educational conferences, presentations, projects on real life issues, discussion and introducing demanding courses are the important transformative learning interventions for developing Conducive environment for adults. The major factor responsible for developing Conducive environment was experiences and exposure by the adult learner and providing opportunities through the Andragogy and expertise. Notes on interviews and reflection journals were utilized to triangulate data to support these methods. Data analysis and results of the study indicated that participants experienced transformative learning interventions through both educational and non-educational related activities held in university by Higher Education.
The Lucas Paradox and Institutional Quality: Evidence from Emerging Markets
Authors: Rehman Muhammad Atiq-ur- , Ditta Allah , Nawaz Muhammad Atif , Bashir Furrukh
Published: July 2020

The neoclassical theory illustrates that the capital will flow from the capital-rich economies towards the capital-poor states. However, it is generally observed that the capital does not move from high-income to low-income economies. This contradictory behavior of global capital flows is called the Lucas paradox. According to Alfaro, Kalemli-Ozcan, & Volosovych (AKV) model, the Lucas paradox can be entirely explained by the institutional quality. In the light of AKV notion, this paper examines the role of institutional quality in explaining the Lucas paradox. The empirical analysis involves 17 major emerging economies of the world by using panel data for the period 1999-2018. The GMM estimation reveals that the Lucas paradox is explained by the institutional quality in case of FDI flows only. However, institutional quality indicators generally remain unable to explain the paradox in case of portfolio equity capital flows. Moreover, financial development is found to be a significant determinant of portfolio equity flows in the emerging markets. Finally, we suggest that the financial flows to the emerging markets are sensitive to the nature of the capital flows.
Adaptive Clothing as a Fundamental Castigatory Requirement of Old Patient with Alzheimer
Authors: Ahsan Rakhshan , Anwar Naheed , Tanveer Afifa , Khushbakhat Hafiza
Published: July 2020

Families have vital role in the medical care of Alzheimer's which is most common among the old age people. It I is kind of dementia that fosters problems in the thinking, memory and the incapability to activate modest implementations, or orient clothing to the human body. In such cases family members have vital role for the care of patients. Dressing of Alzheimer`s patient is main tension for care contributors therefore this research discourse the dressing difficulties to Alzheimer`s patient encountered by care givers. A qualitative research method found to explore care givers perception about dressing issues that arise when their family member loss the capacity to dress independently. In-depth-interview was used as a data collection instrument from the care givers of the patients. Doctors were also interviewed to acquire the understanding about Alzheimer disease. In order to improve the quality of care givers survives and sustain their ability to sustenance and care for the enduring adaptive dress is very valuable as it provides ease to them while dressing. Therefore after examination of interviews researcher identified dressing difficulties and believers clothing adaptations that provide accessibility to care giver.
The Written Discourse of Female College Students about Formal Literacy and Self: A Study Analysis
Authors: Mohsin Rabia , Sajid Muhammad Akbar
Published: July 2020

Self is a fluid construct. Its construction and representation vary according to different contexts and other variables. Female self-construction and representation is a crucial domain which is affected by many social factors. The present research deals with construction and representation of self. The data for the present research has been collected from the 4 colleges, 2 belonging to urban area and 2 of peripheries. The participants of the research are girls of 1st year and 4th year. The present research analyses the construction and representation of self as a result of formal literacy. It also considers how formal literacy plays a role in the construction and representation of self. For the present research, the researchers have collected the data from the mentioned 4 colleges. The participants of the research are 200 female students, including 100 from 1st year and 100 from 4th year. The present research employs an amended model to analyze the data. The amended model consists of Fairclough's (2012) critical social analysis, Gee's (1999) cultural model of discourse and Street's (1984) ideological model of literacy. The data has been analyzed keeping into mind the 9 analytical devices i.e. implicature, identity, metaphor, comparisons, representations, back grounding, inclusion/exclusion, dialogically and difference. Moreover, the researchers have categorized the data into the dominant emerging themes, which have been classified and analyzed under separate headings, these dominant emerging themes are, religiosity, family background, identity (naming), desires and self, self through lexicalization, roles and relationships, conceptual metaphors and use of 1st person pronoun (I/we). The data has been analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Based on the analysis of data the findings of the research suggest that self is not an absolute term, its construction and representation keeps on changing because of different variables, one of them is formal literacy. Moreover, the study contends that   construction and representation of self is an ever-ongoing process.
Parenting Style as a Cognitive Factor in Developing Big-Five Personality Traits among Youth: A Study of Public University in Multan, Pakistan
Authors: Ashraf Asfa , Ishfaq Kamran , Ashraf Muhammad Umair , Zulfiqar Zahid
Published: July 2020

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative and permissive) and Big-five personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, conscientiousness and openness) among the students of Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan. For this purpose, a total number of 281 students from different faculties (Natural and social sciences) were selected through systematic sampling technique and the respondents responded to parenting authority questionnaire (PAQ) by Buri (1991) and Big-five inventory (BFI) john and Srivastava (1999). Data were analyzed by using SPSS-21 version, and Pearson correlation (r=0.01) was applied to find out the relationship, direction and consistency between predictor and criterion variable. Results indicated a directly proportional relationship between parenting styles (authoritarian, authoritative & permissive) and big five personality traits.
Conteúdo da educação física no ensino médio no estado do Ceará: uma análise documental
Authors: Martins Wesley Cosmo , Sousa Janiele Santos de
Published: July 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as propostas curriculares de escolas de ensino médio dos sertões de Canindé-CE. Os questionamentos iniciais partem para compreensão dos conteúdos contidos nas propostas. Para tanto, realizamos uma análise documental das propostas curriculares de 16 escolas de Ensino Médio. Com auxílio do software iramuteq. Com isso, foi possível descrever de modo quantitativo os conteúdos, e ainda uma análise qualitativa de como se constituem as propostas curriculares. Os resultados apontam que conteúdos relacionados a aptidão física e saúde, bem como os relacionados as práticas esportivas prevalecem no currículo dessas escolas. Por outro, lado outros conteúdos como lutas e danças estão menos presentes nas propostas.
O projeto de avaliação diagnóstica da rede pública estadual do Ceará: Análise dos descritores críticos em Matemática
Authors: Ferreira Filho Luciano Nery
Published: July 2020

A rede pública de ensino estadual do Ceará desenvolve desde o ano de 2017 o projeto de avaliação diagnóstica que objetiva mensurar o grau de desenvolvimento cognitivo dos alunos das três séries do ensino médio seriado regular. Esse artigo objetiva a análise dos descritores de Matemática que, na edição de 2018 da avaliação diagnóstica, na 3ª série do ensino médio, figuravam no grupo dos cinco com menores quantidades de acertos do estado e como eles se comportavam em cada modalidade de escolas da rede, bem como em cada regional geográfica que a compõe. Com isso essa pesquisa objetiva servir de instrumento aos professores e gestores para orientar ações estratégicas de melhoria do ensino e da aprendizagem. Os resultados demonstram que os conteúdos mais críticos são muito semelhantes entre as diversas modalidades de escolas, bem como nas regionais geográficas do estado, com algumas especificidades, demonstrando haver necessidade de focar ações equânimes de ensino.
Reminiscência educacional: experiências Escolar dos idosos residentes em Jordão, Sobral – CE
Authors: Novaes Marcos Adriano Barbosa de , Moura Johnantan Santiago , André Amélia Soares
Published: July 2020

Esse estudo intenciona analisar aspectos como educação, trabalho, lazer e arte, a partir dos relatos de histórias de vida feitos pelos idosos da localidade Jordão situado a 17 km do Município de Sobral no estado do Ceará. Nesta perspectiva, foram utilizados como referencial teórico Sousa; Lima, 2016, Pena (2017), Fialho et al (2020) entre outros. A investigação foi realizada por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica e aplicação de entrevista semiestruturada. Por fim, as assertivas analisadas, segundo os relatos fornecidos nas entrevistas, afirmaram que as novas metodologias educacionais têm prejudicado o aprendizado no ambiente escolar. Para os anciãos, o principal motivo apontado é o desaparecimento do caráter punitivo na educação, comum no método tradicional. Todavia, mesmo considerando o conhecimento e os aspectos culturais identificáveis nos discursos dos idosos, é importante que sejam valorizadas a participação e a produtividade do aluno no decorrer do processo educacional, levando em conta aspectos individuais e coletivos.

Palavras-chave: Educação. História. Memória.
Práticas educativas e sociais realizadas pelo NUAFRO
Authors: Costa Maria Aparecida Alves da , Souza Davison Da Silva , Silva Francisco Mário Carneiro da
Published: July 2020

Sabemos que a luta pelos direitos iguais, é uma luta não só de hoje, mas possui um contexto histórico por trás. O movimento Negro é uma das principais lutas por igualdades presentes no Brasil. Partindo dessa base, nosso estudo tem como objetivo principal identificar e reconhecer as práticas educativas que são realizadas no NUAFRO (Laboratório de estudos e pesquisas em afro brasilidades, gênero e família) na cidade de Fortaleza -Ce. Diante desse contexto, questionasse como surgiu o Nuafro e quais as práticas educativas desenvolvidas por esse laboratório. Como procedimento metodológico, utilizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica baseada em autores como SOARES (2015), (DOMINGUES, 2007), (LIBANEO, 2010), entre outros. Além da pesquisa de campo realizada no Laboratório. Para a obtenção de possíveis resultados, dividimos o estudo em quatro partes, quais sejam: Introdução, metodologia, resultados e discussões e por fim, as considerações finais.
Representações das professoras dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental sobre a discriminação racial na escola
Authors: Santos Rafaela Da Silva , Dias Alfrancio Ferreira
Published: July 2020

Neste trabalho, realizamos uma análise acerca de como os professores dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental da “Escola Estadual Eliezer Porto” trabalham as situações de discriminação racial. A opção metodológica recaiu sobre a abordagem qualitativa. A estratégia de coleta de dados seria com a entrevista semiestruturada com cinco docentes. Conclui-se que a falta de informação e as questões culturais que são as principais causas da discriminação. A abordagem da discriminação racial é de grande importância para que os alunos tenham mais informações sobre as questões étnicos-raciais e diminua o preconceito.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TPS LEARNING MODELS WITH PROBLEM POSING TO TRAIN CREATIVE THINKING ON ACID-BASE
Authors: Setyowati Wisma Imelda , Rusmini Rusmini
Published: July 2020

The research aims to be aware of the implementation of the TPS learning model with problem posing strategies on acid-base, student activity, creative thinking skills, completeness of learning outcomes, and responses of the learning model used. Use one group pretest-posttest research design and was applied to 54 high school students in class XI. The average percentage obtained by the feasibility of the learning model to 91.67% at the first meeting and to 98.60% at second meeting which both of them fall into the excellent category. The relevant activities result at the first meeting to 94,69% and irrelevant by 5,31% while activities of relevant at second meeting to 93,09% and irrelevant by 6,91%,, creative thinking skills increased by a percentage of 40.74% for the high category, 44.44% medium category, and 14.82% low category, for classical completeness learning outcomes by 88.89 %, and students' responses were 95.60% positive while 4.40% for negative responses.
PERBANDINGAN PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PROYEK DENGAN BERBASIS MASALAH DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH
Authors: Rumasoreng Muhammad Irfan , Khuzaini Nanang , Astuti Ani Yuli
Published: July 2020

This research aims to: investigate in more effective between project based learning and problem based learning in terms of problem solving  skills of students on the 7th grade. The research is a quasi experiment research with pre-test and post-test of non-equivalent control grup design. This study used two experimental groups. The population include all 7th grade students of SMP N 2 Nanggulan which consist of three classes. From the population, the two classes which were class VII B and class VII C is randomly as research sample. Matematics teaching in class VII B used the problem based learning and class VII C used the project based learning. The result show that: project based learning and problem based learning there has significant difference effective in terms of problem solving skills of students on the 7th grade.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF (ACTIVE LEARNING) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI SPIRITUAL DAN SOSIAL SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA
Authors: Sudrajat Yayat
Published: July 2020

This research is inspired by teachers’ current state which is demanded to have competencies in designing effective and meaningful learning, fun, organizing the learning well, choosing the right approach or learning model so students can actively learn and create a student-centered learning. It is expected to enhance the competence of social attitudes, spiritual attitudes, knowledge, and skills. The enhancement itself can be seen through the results of the learning assessment. This study intends to see the implementation of active learning through the application of Pancasila and Civics education models at SMK Negeri Pancatengah which can improve students' spiritual and social competences. This research is based on Piaget and Vygotsky’s constructivist learning theory, Active Learning from Silberman (2014:9), Active Learning from Warsono (2013:5), Attitude theory from Mar’at (1982:13), the concept of social and spiritual attitudes from Mulyasa (2015:17). The approach used in this research is qualitative with descriptive method. The process of collecting data is conducted through observation, interview, documentation study, and literature study. Meanwhile, the stages of data analysis are in the form of data collection, data presentation, data reduction, and data verification/conclusion. The results of the study found by the researcher stated that the teacher has understood the concept and implementation of active learning by practicing it in the application of some active learning models such as problem-based learning, Inquiry Learning, Discovery Learning, and Project-Based Learning. Active learning plan has been carried out thoroughly. In the implementation of active learning, the teacher has demonstrated the step of applying the active learning model systematically. The implementation of the learning assessment has shown objective results in line with the improvement of students’ competencies of spiritual and social attitudes. In its implementation, the supports and challenges are not very influential so the implementation of active learning shows the success of improvement towards the competence of students' attitude. Recommendations from this study include: First, The school continually provides moral and material support, especially in terms of improving teachers' understanding of the concepts and principles of active learning, Second, The teacher is expected to be aware of models and learning strategies by growing the desire to be a learner teacher. Third, The school continues to cultivate the application of learning models and provide flexibility to teachers and students for learning innovation. Fourth: Encourage teachers to conduct classroom research or other research.
The prevalence of obesity in adolescent age group and its relationship with dietary habbits, family history, anthropometric measurements and muscle analysis
Authors: Bahar Ahmet , Özmen Şentürk Bahar , Büyükdemir Serpil , Kutlutürk Gizem , Mutlu Zeynep Nihan , Baki Şeyma , Kulaksız Burcu , Altınkaynak Mustafa , Saka Bülent
Published: July 2020

Objective: The prevalence of obesity is rapidly increasing in adolescents and children. The aim of this study is to investigate the obesity prevalence in the adolescent age group and to identify the relationship between obesity and various anthropometric measurements, as well as muscle strength and nutritional habits.
Methods: A total of 502 male and 99 female students (15-18 years old) in a high school in Beykoz district of Istanbul participated in this study. Anthropometric measurements, handgrip strength and nutritional status were evaluated. Body fat mass (n=601) were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).
Results: 12.4% of males were underweight, 66.2% were normal, 16.7% were overweight, 4.5% were obese and 0.2% were morbidly obese. 18.4% of girls were underweight, 69.4% were normal, 7.1% were overweight, 4.1% obese and 1% morbidly obese. A positive correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, middle upper arm circumference, and calf circumference. Body fat mass (BFM) measured by BIA was 14.6±6.6% in boys and 24.8±7.6% in girls. It was 29.2% in obese boys and 45.2% in obese girls. There was no correlation between BFM and daily consumed meat, vegetable-fruit, fast food and bread amount. Fast food consumption rate in obese people was 72.9%. Muscle strength was higher in those who consumed meat every day and was inversely correlated with BFM.
Conclusion: Prevalance of overweight and obesity were significant in adolescents. Waist circumference was best predicted obesity. Fast food consumption was common in obese individuals and BFM was inversely correlated with muscle strength.
A global viral oceanography database (gVOD)
Authors: Xie Le , Wei Wei , Cai Lanlan , Chen Xiaowei , Huang Yuhong , Jiao Nianzhi , Zhang Rui , Luo Ya-Wei
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Virioplankton is a key component of marine biosphere in maintaining diversity of microorganisms and stabilizing ecosystems. They also greatly contribute to nutrient recycles by releasing organic matter after lysis of hosts. In this study, we constructed the first global viral oceanography database (gVOD) by collecting 10 931 viral abundance (VA) data and 727 viral production (VP) data, along with host and other oceanographic parameters when available. Most VA data were obtained in the North Atlantic (32 %) and North Pacific Oceans (29 %), while the Southeast Pacific and Indian Oceans were quite under sampled. The VA in the global ocean was 1.17 (± 3.31) × 107 particles ml−1. The lytic and lysogenic VP in the global ocean was 9.87 (± 24.16) × 105 and 2.53 (± 8.64) × 105 particles ml−1 h−1, respectively. Average VA in coastal oceans was higher than that in surface open oceans [3.61 (± 6.30) × 107 versus 0.73 (± 1.24) × 107 particles ml−1], while average VP in coastal and surface open oceans was close. Vertically, VA, lytic and lysogenic VP deceased from surface to deep ocean by about one order of magnitude. The total number of viruses in the global ocean estimated by bin average and random forest methods was 1.4 × 1030 particles and 1.39 × 1030 particles, leading to an estimate of global ocean viral biomass at 32.3 and 32.2 Tg C, respectively. We expect that the gVOD will be a fundamental and very useful database for laboratory, field and modeling studies in marine ecology and biogeochemistry. The full gVOD database is stored at PANGAEA (a temporary link: https://www.pangaea.de/tok/19f9d7b496a00f57f491e639440708aee00b6a49).
Fun educational and artistic teaching tools for science outreach
Authors: Locritani Marina , Merlino Silvia , Garvani Sara , Di Laura Francesca
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The aim of scientific dissemination is to spread interest and
knowledge of scientific issues by trying to reach people of all ages and
social backgrounds. Simplifying, without trivializing, scientific concepts
and making them attractive to the general public is therefore essential to
achieve the previous objectives. For this purpose, it can be useful for
scientists to work in close collaboration with artists, implementing new
tools that can positively influence the emotional sphere and capture the
attention of the people involved. Playful educational activity and visual
language play a key role in this process, to convey interest and facilitate
learning. An example of this approach are the educational laboratories
structured as group games, in which great importance is given both to
practical activities and to the transmission of concepts through their
visualization in the form of images. Over the last 8 years, the Istituto
Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (National Institute of Geophysics and
Volcanology, INGV), the Istituto di Scienze Marine del Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche (Institute of Marine Sciences of the National Research
Council, CNR-ISMAR) and the Historical Oceanography Society (HOS) have
collaborated in the organization of science dissemination events involving
students from schools of different levels participating in educational experiences based
on games, characterized by an essentially visual approach to the concepts
presented. In this work, we would like to give a brief overview of these
educational tools, retracing the choices made while ideating them, thanks
mainly to the close collaboration with artists and illustrators.
The global water resources and use model WaterGAP v2.2d: Model description and evaluation
Authors: Müller Schmied Hannes , Cáceres Denise , Eisner Stephanie , Flörke Martina , Herbert Claudia , Niemann Christoph , Peiris Thedini Asali , Popat Eklavyya , Portmann Felix Theodor , Reinecke Robert , Schumacher Maike , Shadkam Somayeh , Telteu Camelia-Eliza , Trautmann Tim , Döll Petra
Published: July 2020

Abstract. WaterGAP is a global hydrological model that quantifies human use of groundwater and surface water as well as water flows and water storage and thus water resources on all land areas of the Earth. Since 1996, it has served to assess water resources and water stress both historically and in the future, in particular under climate change. It has improved our understanding of continental water storage variations, with a focus on overexploitation and depletion of water resources. In this paper, we describe the most recent model version WaterGAP 2.2d, including the water use models, the linking model that computes net abstractions from groundwater and surface water and the WaterGAP Global Hydrology Model WGHM. Standard model output variables that are freely available at a data repository are explained. In addition, the most requested model outputs, total water storage anomalies, streamflow and water use, are evaluated against observation data. Finally, we show examples of assessments of the global freshwater system that can be done with WaterGAP2.2d model output.
Constructing Narrative Identities in the Holocaust Memories/Memoirs of Three Women
Authors: Vasvári Louise O.
Published: July 2020

Although only a decade in age separates each one from the next, the women whose life stories are discussed here represent three distinct Holocaust generations of Hungarian-speaking women. I aim to examine the recently published memories/memoirs of these three women whose narratives are all centered in the Holocaust when the deportations began in Hungary in 1944. Their personal stories are placed within a larger socio-historical context, but treat matters which come within the personal knowledge of the writer and therefore offer precisely the kind of alternative micro-history often provided by women’s narratives. All three authors also have in common that they left their homeland as young adults and hence their stories arguably belong more broadly to the most important subgenre of life writing today. While such writing is produced by both genders, writing by females predominates. My aim is, in part, to examine in the texts under discussion the three autobiographers as self-historians in their retrospective and crafted stories told (and retold) in different contexts, so that their life stories are not merely a recapitulation of past events but rather their creation of personal narrative identities.
Temporal optimisation of signals emitted automatically by securities exchange indicators
Authors:   Rodrigo Martín-García. Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED). Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Departamento de Economía de la Empresa y Contabilidad. Senda del Rey, 11, 28040, Madrid (España) – rmarting@cee.uned.es, Martín-García Rodrigo , Ventura Pérez Enrique ,   Area Manager, GFI Spain – eventuraperez@outlook.com, Arguedas-Sanz Raquel ,   Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED). Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Departamento de Economía de la Empresa y Contabilidad. Senda del Rey, 11, 28040, Madrid (España) – rarguedas@cee.uned.es
Published: July 2020

Stock exchange indicators deliver buy/sell signals that enable analysts to improve the results of a strategy based strictly on fundamental analysis. Nonetheless, since the automatic implementation of signals as they appear may not yield optimal returns, the present paper analysed the suitability of using a series of technical indicators as guidance for portfolio results. A second aim pursued was to study how delaying the implementation of indicator signals may enhance profitability. A simulation was performed for the years 2005-2016 using the most representative index for the Spanish stock exchange, the IBEX35 and all its constituent securities, along with seven indicators (RoC, RSI, SMA, EMA, MACD, Bollinger bands and Stochastic Oscillator) and a total of 81 combinations of buy/sell lag times. The definition of three non-overlapping sub-periods to guarantee the reliability of the findings yielded a total of 61 236 simulated portfolios. The conclusion drawn from the results was that for certain combinations of indicators, delaying the implementation of buy/sell signals improves returns. More specifically, optimal lag times identified for RSI and EMA signals were shown to deliver statistically significant improvements in portfolio returns, irrespective of the period studied. Those findings were consistent the results of an alternative simulation in which the five securities that were both the most liquid and had the greatest impact on the index were not considered, to rule out the possible effect of the relative weight of securities on either portfolio returns or their normalisation.
Ringing Liberty's Bell: African American Women, Gender, and the Underground Railroad in Philadelphia
Authors: Council Ashley
Published: July 2020

Freedom was the objective for thousands of bondswomen who “bought a ticket” on the Underground Railroad, and for many, the journey culminated in the City of Brotherly Love. An abolitionist center, Philadelphia was a vital terminus on the clandestine network, with nearly 9,000 escapees arriving before 1860, including numerous black women. How did gender inform their flight to and experiences in the city? What were their experiences once they arrived and settled? What contributions did they make to Philadelphia's Underground enterprise? This article examines fugitive women who seized liberty in Philadelphia and the local women who aided freedom seekers in the era before the Civil War. It uncovers how gender influenced African American women's experiences and perspectives as dynamic participants in resisting and fleeing enslavement, in one of the most important cities in the fight for abolition.
Explorando os metadados na recomendação de músicas em um ambiente com escassez de informação
Authors: Silva Diego Corrêa da , Durão Frederico Araújo
Published: July 2020

A evolução da música digital possibilitou, a partir dos anos 2000, o surgimento dos serviços de transmissãode música, o que produziu um efeito altamente lucrativo ao setor musical. Estes serviços se utilizam desistemas de recomendação para encontrar faixas que venham a agradar aos usuários, coletando assim ricasinformações a respeito do que ouvem. O volume de dados obtido possibilita um cenário rico em característicasque descrevem a ambos, fazendo, assim, com que as recomendações possam ser mais confiáveis. Sendoassim, é possível um cenário com escassez de dados onde se encontrem recomendações para seus usuários? Oproblema que este trabalho visa resolver é a dificuldade que os sistemas de recomendação tem em sugerirnovas obras para os usuários diante de um cenário com escassez de informação. Ao longo deste trabalho umlevantamento teórico será realizado assim como os modelos necessários para o desenvolvimento do sistema.Os resultados mostram que é possível realizar recomendações em um cenário com escassez de informação.A avaliação mostrou que em um ambiente desbalanceado onde apenas 11% das músicas são consideradasrelevantes é possível obter, na métrica MAP, aproximadamente 20% de assertividade ao longo das listas derecomendações, assim como uma lista de recomendação com um número maior de faixas ajuda na obtençãode um melhor resultado. A avaliação também mostrou que é possível obter na métrica MRR mais de 35% deassertividade, assim como a lista de recomendação com um número maior de músicas interfere diretamenteno resultado positivo da métrica.
Missing data analysis using machine learning methods to predict the performance of technical students
Authors: De Melo Junior Gilberto , Alcalá Symone G. Soares , Furriel Geovanne Pereira , Vieira Sílvio L.
Published: July 2020

O aprendizado de máquina (ML) tornou-se uma tecnologia emergente capaz de resolver problemas em muitas áreas, incluindo educação, medicina, robótica e aeroespacial. O ML é um campo específico de inteligência artificial que projeta modelos computacionais capazes de aprender com os dados. No entanto, para desenvolver um modelo de ML, é necessário garantir a qualidade dos dados, pois os dados do mundo real são incompletos, ruídosos e inconsistentes. Este artigo avalia métodos avançados de tratamento de dados ausentes usando algoritmos ML para classificar o desempenho de estudantes do ensino médio do Instituto Federal de Goiânia como no Brasil. O objetivo é fornecer uma ferramenta computacional eficiente para auxiliar o desempenho educacional que permite aos educadores verificar a tendência do aluno a reprovar. Os resultados indicam que o método de ignorar e descartar supera outros métodos de tratamento de dados ausentes. Além disso, os testes revelam que a Otimização Mínima Sequencial, Redes Neurais e Bagging superam os outros algoritmos de ML, como Naive Bayes e Árvore de Decisão, em termos de precisão de classificação.
A data mining approach for prediction of quality attributes in Palmer mango from images
Authors: Reis Daniele Silva , Neto Rosalvo Ferreira de Oliveira , Costa Josenara Daiane de Souza , Neto Acácio Figueiredo , Costa Marylia De Sousa
Published: July 2020

The monitoring of quality attributes such as, total soluble solids (TSS), mass, acidity and firmness are essential for a better postharvest conservation of mango.

This work proposes a non destructive approach for prediction of those quality attributes using digital images. The proposed approach is composed by three stages: 1) specification of the sampling parameters of mango, 2) identification of digital images pre-processing techniques and 3) utilization of the Random Forest technique as estimator of the quality attributes. In order to validate the proposed approach, a study comparing its performance with models found in literature was carried out. The study used two metrics of performance evaluation: the correlation coefficient (R) and the root mean square error (RMSE). In order to compare the differences of performance between the proposed approach and approaches found in literature, a paired t-student’s hypothesis test was carried out. Results show that the proposed approach has a superior performance regarding the existing ones, with confidence level of 95%.
Movimientos ciudadanos del siglo XXI: Aportes para su conceptualización
Authors: Annunziata Rocío
Published: July 2020

En distintos lugares del mundo estamos viendo surgir protestas y movimientos ciudadanos que ponen en cuestión el funcionamiento de las democracias, tanto de las que se consideraban jóvenes como de las maduras o establecidas. Este artículo se propone abordar los aportes realizados por la teoría política para conceptualizar estos movimientos ciudadanos contemporáneos. Primero, se revisan algunos de estos aportes teniendo en cuenta los rasgos que los estudios les atribuyen a estos movimientos: acción conectiva, auto-comunicación de masas, rechazo de las mediaciones políticas tradicionales, singularidad, carácter narrativo-expresivo, y contra-democracia, a los cuales agrego el carácter meta-democrático que demuestran algunos de estos movimientos que podríamos calificar de postsociales, como se intentará mostrar. Luego, se presentan algunas experiencias recientes para profundizar en los matices y diferencias que es posible establecer al interior del amplio abanico de los movimientos ciudadanos.