bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stronger together: perspectives on gratitude social processes in group interventions for adolescents
Authors: Wong Y. Joel , Pandelios Alexis L. , Carlock Kane , Thielmeyer Alexandria M. B.
Published: October 2024

Most gratitude interventions for adolescents focus on private experiences of gratitude (e.g., gratitude journaling), dyadic expressions of gratitude (e.g., writing a gratitude letter to another person), or group-based psychoeducation about gratitude. By contrast, group interventions that emphasize gratitude social processes (GSPs)—interpersonal or group processes that involve or are directly triggered by the disclosure or expression of gratitude to other group members—provide an ideal forum for adolescents to reap the full benefits of gratitude experiences. In this perspective article, we propose a typology of five GSPs—disclosing, expressing, receiving, responding to, and witnessing gratitude in relation to other group members—that operate synergistically to produce positive effects for adolescents. In turn, we theorize that these GSPs likely produce superior outcomes, as compared to other gratitude interventions, through five psychosocial mechanisms of change: observational learning, group cohesion, vicarious gratitude, group-based gratitude, and collective gratitude. Overall, we encourage researchers and practitioners to incorporate GSPs in their gratitude interventions with adolescents.
Fully Automatic Grayscale Image Segmentation: Dynamic Thresholding for Background Adaptation, Improved Image Center Point Selection, and Noise-Resilient Start/End Point Determination
Authors: Li Junyan , Gui Xuewen
Published: October 2024

As the requirement for image uploads in various systems continues to grow, image segmentation has become a critical task for subsequent operations. Balancing the efficiency and accuracy of image segmentation is a persistent challenge. This paper focuses on threshold-based grayscale image segmentation methods and proposes a fully automated approach. The approach begins with the implementation of an improved OTSU algorithm to determine the optimal dynamic threshold, enabling the segmentation process to adjust adaptively to varying image backgrounds. A novel method for selecting image center points is introduced to address the issue of poor segmentation when the center point falls outside the segmentation foreground area. To further enhance the algorithm’s generalization capability and accuracy, a continuity detection-based method is developed to determine the start and end points of the segmentation foreground. Compared with traditional algorithms, tests on sample images of four different scales revealed that the proposed algorithm achieved average improvements in accuracy, precision, and recall rates of 14.97%, 1.28%, and 17.33%, respectively, with processing speed remaining largely unaffected. Ablation experiments further validated the effectiveness of using different strategy combinations, with the combination of all three strategies resulting in significant improvements in accuracy and recall rates by 15.51% and 16.72%, respectively.
Particle Swarm Optimization–Support Vector Regression (PSO-SVR)-Based Rapid Prediction Method for Radiant Heat Transfer for a Spacecraft Vacuum Thermal Test
Authors: Su Xinming , Jiang Hongsen , Qin Taichun , Lin Guiping
Published: October 2024

The simulation of external heat flow has a pivotal role in the vacuum thermal test of spacecraft. The key to simulating the external heat flow of a spacecraft through an infrared heating cage lies in the calculation of radiative heat transfer, and existing Monte Carlo simulation methods for simulating the external heat flow of an infrared heating cage have the disadvantages of complicated modeling and slow calculation speed. In this paper, we consider the spacecraft and infrared cage spacing, partition height, partition arc length, curvature, circumferential relationship, radial relationship, and other variables. The particle swarm optimization–support vector regression (PSO-SVR) method is used to establish the angular coefficient relationship model between spacecraft and infrared cages with different shapes, which realizes the rapid prediction of heat flow in the infrared cage. The angular coefficients obtained by the rapid prognostic model are essentially the same as those obtained by Monte Carlo simulation, while the efficiency is improved by 29,750 times. Taking the vacuum thermal test of a small thermal control star as a case study, the prognostic error gradually decreases with the increase of heat flow, and the maximum error is 6.1%.
Prognostic Value of Myosteatosis and Albumin–Bilirubin Grade for Survival in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Post Chemoembolization
Authors: Bannangkoon Kittipitch , Hongsakul Keerati , Tubtawee Teeravut , Ina Natee
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of preoperative myosteatosis and the albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) grade in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and develop a robust prognostic score based on these factors. Methods: Patients with HCC who underwent TACE between January 2009 and December 2020 were included. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified prognostic factors. CT-based body composition parameters were acquired from baseline abdominal CT images at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. A prognostic score (Myo-ALBI) was developed based on the presence of preoperative myosteatosis and the ALBI grade, and its prognostic value was evaluated. Results: Of 446 patients, 63% were male, and the mean age was 62.4 years. Preoperative myosteatosis was present in 41.5% of patients. The BCLC stages were mostly B (67.9%). Multivariate analysis shows that preoperative myosteatosis, ALBI grade 2, and ALBI grade 3 were independent prognostic factors. The Myo-ALBI grade was incorporated into a prognostic model, including alpha-fetoprotein and up-to-seven criteria, to generate a nomogram. The C-index of the nomogram based on the Myo-ALBI grade (0.743) was significantly higher than the non-Myo-ALBI nomogram (0.677), the up-to-seven criteria (0.653), the ALBI grade (0.616), and the Child–Pugh class (0.573) (all p < 0.05). The t-ROC curve for the nomogram was consistently superior to the other models throughout the observation period in all patients and the BCLC-B subgroup. Conclusions: The combination of preoperative CT-derived myosteatosis and ALBI grade enhances prognostication for patients with unresectable HCC undergoing TACE. The Myo-ALBI nomogram constructed in this study could support individualized prognosis prediction, assisting in treatment decision-making for HCC patients.
Iron Deficiency Anaemia in Pregnancy: A Narrative Review from a Clinical Perspective
Authors: Obianeli Chidi , Afifi Khaled , Stanworth Simon , Churchill David
Published: October 2024

Anaemia in pregnancy is a global problem of significance in all settings. The most common cause is iron deficiency. Large numbers of women are affected, ranging up to 25–30% antenatally and 20–40% postnatally. It is associated with serious adverse outcomes for both the mother and her baby. The risk of low birth weight, preterm birth, postpartum haemorrhage, stillbirth, and neonatal death are all increased in the presence of anaemia. For the infants of affected pregnancies, complications may include neurocognitive impairment. Making an accurate diagnosis during pregnancy has its challenges, which include the choice of thresholds of haemoglobin below which a diagnosis of anaemia in each trimester of pregnancy can be made and, aligned with this question, which are the most appropriate biomarkers to use to define iron deficiency. Treatment with oral iron supplements increases the haemoglobin concentration and corrects iron deficiency. But high numbers of women fail to respond, probably due to poor adherence to medication, resulting from side effects. This has resulted in an increased use of more expensive intravenous iron. Doubts remain about the optimal regimen to of oral iron for use (daily, alternate days, or some other frequency) and the cost-effectiveness of intravenous iron. There is interest in strategies for prevention but these have yet to be proven clinically safe and effective.
Maneuvering Trajectory Synthetic Aperture Radar Processing Based on the Decomposition of Transfer Functions in the Frequency Domain Using Average Blurred Edge Width Assessment
Authors: Yang Chenguang , Wang Duo , Sun Fukun , Wang Kaizhi
Published: October 2024

With the rapid development of synthetic aperture radar (SAR), delivery platforms are gradually becoming diversified and miniaturized. The SAR flight process is susceptible to external influences, resulting in unsatisfactory imaging results, so it is necessary to optimize imaging processing in combination with the SAR imaging quality assessment (IQA) index. Based on the principle of SAR imaging, this paper analyzes the impact of defocusing on imaging results caused by mismatched filters and draws on the assessment algorithm of motion blur, proposing a SAR IQA index based on average blurred edge width (ABEW) in the salient area. In addition, the idea of decomposing the transfer function in the frequency domain and fitting the matched filter with a polynomial is also proposed. The estimation of the flight trajectory is changed to a correction of the matched filter, avoiding the precise estimation of Doppler parameters and complex calculations during the time–frequency conversion process. The effectiveness of ABEW was verified by using SAR images of real scenes, and the results were highly consistent with the actual image quality. The imaging processing was tested using the echo signals generated by the errors introduced during the flight process, and more satisfactory imaging results were obtained by using ABEW with the filter for correction. The imaging process was tested using the echo signal generated by introducing errors during the flight, and the filter was corrected using ABEW as an index, obtaining a comparatively ideal imaging result.
Two-Step Glaciation of Antarctica: Its Tectonic Origin in Seaway Opening and West Antarctica Uplift
Authors: Ou Hsien-Wang
Published: October 2024

The Cenozoic glaciation of Antarctica proceeded through two distinct steps around 35 and 15 million years ago. The first icing was attributed to thermal isolation due to the opening of the Drake/Tasman passages and the development of the Antarctic circumpolar current. I also subscribe to this “thermal isolation” but posit that, although the snowline was lowered below the Antarctic plateau for it to be iced over, the glacial line remains above sea level to confine the ice sheet to the plateau, a “partial” glaciation that would be sustained over time. The origin of the second icing remains unknown, but based on the sedimentary evidence, I posit that it was triggered when the isostatic rebound of West Antarctica caused by heightened erosion rose above the glacial line to be iced over by the expanding plateau ice, and the ensuing cooling lowered the glacial line to sea level to cause the “full” glaciation of Antarctica. To test these hypotheses, I formulate a minimal box model, which is nonetheless subjected to thermodynamic closure that allows a prognosis of the Miocene climate. Applying representative parameter values, the model reproduces the observed two-step icing followed by the stabilized temperature level, in support of the model physics.
Influence of Root Canal Size and Curvature on Insertion Depth of Three Different Endodontic Irrigation Needles
Authors: Pinker Michael , Frank Wilhelm , Wrbas Karl-Thomas , Tchorz Jörg Philipp
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of root canal size and curvature on the insertion depth of three different endodontic irrigation needles. Four root canals with curvatures ranging from 0° to 69.72° were first enlarged to size .04/25. The insertion depths of a standard open-ended irrigation needle (SI), a single side-vented needle (SV), and a TruNatomy irrigation needle (TN) were then measured repeatedly in the chosen root canals and recorded as distances short of the working length. In curved canals, the SI and SV were tested with and without pre-bending. After enlargement to a greater taper (.06/25), these measurements were repeated. For a descriptive analysis, means and standard deviations were computed, and comparison was performed using the Wilcoxon test and formulated using a Monte-Carlo approximation with the level of significance set to 5%. Due to its flexible material, the best overall results in terms of insertion depth close to the working length were observed for the TN. The SI and SV could be inserted deeper in straight root canals and after enlargement to a greater taper (p < 0.05). In curved root canals, pre-bending of the SI and SV resulted in statistically significantly higher insertion depths (p < 0.05). In conclusion, cannula material properties, preparation size, and insertion depth mainly depend on each other. In curved root canals, a more flexible cannula like the TN should be favored to achieve better insertion depths. If using stainless-steel cannulas, they should be pre-bent to facilitate an insertion closer to the working length.
The Fallacy of Green Municipal Bonds in Developing Countries
Authors: Gorelick Jeremy , Cara Elhan , Kavoo Georgina
Published: October 2024

Sub-national governments (SNGs) in developing countries have increasingly explored green municipal bonds as a financing tool, driven by promises of lower borrowing costs, enhanced reputation, and support for sustainable economic development. This study aims to critically examine these claims by analysing the actual costs and complexities associated with green municipal bonds (GMBs). The research involves a comparative analysis of traditional municipal bonds and GMBs, focusing on the financial and operational challenges faced by SNGs. Detailed case studies from Mexico City and Cape Town are used to illustrate the practical implications of issuing GMBs. The findings reveal that, despite similar or slightly lower interest rates, GMBs often entail higher issuance costs due to the need for certification, monitoring, and reporting of green projects. These additional costs, coupled with the necessity of hiring external consultants, make GMBs more expensive and difficult to replicate after initial transactions. Furthermore, the study highlights that the demand from investors has not met initial expectations. While green-aligned investors show a higher appetite for GMBs, they constitute only a small portion of the finance market. Traditional investors, primarily focused on financial returns, are less inclined to invest in GMBs solely based on their green label. Consequently, many SNGs are increasingly turning to traditional “vanilla” municipal bonds as a more viable option for financing green initiatives. This shift underscores the practical challenges of GMB issuance in developing countries and calls for a strategic approach to balance the use of GMBs with other financing options to promote sustainable economic development.
Occupational dyskinesias
Authors:   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Babanov S. A.
Published: October 2024

Occupational dyskinesia, i.e. coordination neurosis (writer's cramp), is an occupational disease that occurs mainly in professions that require highly coordinated movements in the hand and arm as a whole, with a significant excess in the number of stereotypical movements per shift compared to normal indicators (programmers, musicians, typists, etc.). Today, focal dystonia is considered a neurological disorder that results from disturbances in inhibition, excitability, circulation, or integration involving the basal ganglia, sensory thalamus, and somatosensory or sensorimotor cortices. The paper describes the clinical manifestations, forms, differential diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of occupational dyskinesias.
Intelligent computer system for dynamic routing of outpatient patients
Authors:   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Dzyubak S. A. ,   FSBEI HE «Privolzhsky Research Medical University», Nizhny Novgorod,, Berdutin V. A. ,   State Research Center – Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Romanova T. E. ,   FSBEI HE «Privolzhsky Research Medical University», Nizhny Novgorod
Published: October 2024

Insufficient logistical efficiency in organizing the flow of patients when visiting an outpatient clinic is an urgent public health problem that negatively affects the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of medical care. Reducing waiting time for an appointment at a doctor’s office and optimal routing of various categories of patients creates a reliable basis for providing high-quality and affordable medical care in healthcare institutions. In the modern world, these goals can be achieved using innovative intelligent computer routing systems. The article presents the experience of implementing such a system in a polyclinic.
Occupational morbidity in the Samara Region: features and trends, prospects for prevention
Authors:   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Babanov S. A. , Azovskova T. A. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Lavrentieva N. E. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Lotkov V. S. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vakurova N. V. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Chuykova O. A. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Baykova A. G. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vostroknutova M. Yu. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Vasina I. N. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Artemieva M. S. ,   FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

The analysis of indicators and structure of occupational morbidity is a relevant aspect for its forecasting and prevention. The article presents the results of the study of the main indicators of occupational morbidity in the Samara Region; their features, differences from similar indicators in the Russian Federation, and trends of their changes in the period from 2019 to 2023 have been determined. The analysis of the structure of occupational diseases, taking into account nosological forms and professions, has been carried out according to the data of the Samara Regional Center of Occupational Pathology. The features of the structure and dynamics of indicators of occupational morbidity of medical workers in the Samara Region, including in the context of the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 in 2020‑2021 and in the post-pandemic period, have been determined. The need to improve the quality of preliminary and periodic medical examinations and preventive measures, and enhance the assessment of causal relationship between disease and occupation is emphasized.
Current issues of using metronidazole in clinical practice. Adverse reactions and organotoxicity
Authors:   Kazan State Medical Academy – Branch of the FSBEI CPE Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan, Maksimov M.L. ,   FSAEI HE Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Shikaleva A.A. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy – Branch of the FSBEI CPE Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan, Bontsevich R.A. ,   Kazan State Medical Academy – Branch of the FSBEI CPE Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Kazan; FSBEI HE Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola
Published: October 2024

The review article is devoted to modern information about the effects and main indications for the use of metronidazole and its place in the pharmacotherapy of infectious diseases. Metronidazole remains an essential drug for the treatment of various infections due to its broad spectrum of action, high efficacy, and low level of resistance. Its use in the prevention and treatment of anaerobic infections, as well as in surgery, makes it indispensable in clinical practice. Widespread use increases the likelihood of side effects. Metronidazole can cause a wide range of adverse reactions, ranging from mild to severe. The most common include nausea, metallic taste in the mouth, diarrhea, and headache. More serious effects such as neuropathy or allergic reactions are also possible. Some side effects of metronidazole can significantly impair the quality of life of patients, which may lead to decreased adherence to treatment. Long-term use of metronidazole may increase the risk of developing more serious adverse effects such as peripheral neuropathy, metronidazole-induced encephalopathy, metronidazole-induced cerebellar syndrome, etc.
TEAM AS A SUBJECT OF RESEARCH
Authors: BABAK G.
Published: October 2024

A novel approach to exploring the topic of team activities as a pedagogical innovation is characterized by a profound theoretical analysis. We classified various approaches to understanding personal success, paying special attention to the social and personal dimensions of this concept. Our investigation focuses on examining the role of personal factors in achieving success in team interactions.
We identified the methodological foundation of our analysis as a values-role approach to the issue of team formation, placing a primary emphasis on the values-role regulation of interactions among individuals within teams. We thoroughly examine the value systems of each team member and their impact on worldview formation, decision-making processes, and interactions with the environment. We emphasize that achieving success in team activities requires considering conditions such as the realization of personal values, the acceptance of role expectations from others, and readiness for role transformation and acceptance of others' roles.
We highlight the challenge of searching for and systematizing the values-role patterns of personal success achievement in team activities as crucial for the effective functioning of teams and organizations as a whole. This opens perspectives for further scientific research in this direction.
The main focus of our analysis is aimed at identifying factors that determine the success of the team and each of its members. We explore the influence of values on the formation of roles within the team and interactions, considering them as critical elements that define and contribute to achieving harmony within the team collective. Our findings indicate that understanding the personal values of each participant and interacting with them in the context of team activities can significantly enhance the team's performance.
Furthermore, our research underscores the importance of flexibility and adaptability in team relationships, where values may undergo changes during interactions and the pursuit of specific goals. We emphasize that understanding and managing the values-role aspects within a team are key elements for optimizing the team process and achieving high results. In conclusion, we highlight the need for further research in this direction, aimed at a deeper understanding of the interaction of values-role factors in a team environment, which is crucial for the development not only of pedagogical practices but also of society as a whole.
This additional context expands the understanding of the importance and potential of investigating team activities as a pedagogical innovation, emphasizing its relevance and prospects for further research.
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE EDUCATORS IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING THE EDUCATIONAL COMPONENT “FAMILY AND SOCIAL EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOLERS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES”
Authors: HNIZDILOVA O. , KOVAL V.
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the research issue is due to the updating of the content of modern preschool and professional education, European integration processes in the educational system of Ukraine, society’s demand for educators of early and preschool children who are not only able to fulfill the duties assigned to them at a high professional level, comprehensively form the personality of a preschool child age, but also to find non-standard, efficient methods and ways of solving educational tasks, drawing ideas and innovations from foreign pedagogical thought and practice. The purpose of the research is to reveal the impact of the specifics of the author’s method of teaching the educational course “Family and Social Education of Preschoolers in Foreign Countries” on the quality of training of specialists in the preschool field at the bachelor’s level of education and qualification. The article presents the experience of teaching this educational component to students majoring in preschool education at Poltava V. G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University. The course content in the professional formation of the future educator of early and preschool children, which consists of two modules, is revealed. The program learning outcomes that future specialists majoring in preschool education should master while studying the specified course are named.
In the process of mastering the educational component, students analyze the state of development of preschool education in Ukraine and in foreign countries, compare the assets of world pedagogical thought and practice with domestic ones, identify typical and distinctive features, the specifics of the educational process and development of early and preschool children, transform international pedagogical experience into modern educational space of a preschool education institution, form the ability to create their personal-oriented style of educational activity, use the achievements of foreign pedagogical theory and educational practice to improve domestic preschool education.
Attention is focused on the introduction of active forms of the educational process organization in the institution of higher education (lecture-visualization, lecture with multimedia support) and the use of interactive learning tools and methods of monitoring educational and cognitive activities in the process of professional training of bachelors majoring in the specialty 012 Preschool Education.
HISTORICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF SCIENCE RESEARCH «UNIVERSITY EDUCATION AND ACADEMIC WRITING»
Authors: DIACHENKO-BOHUN M. , MELNIK A.
Published: October 2024

The article describes the development of the history of the study of science "University education and academic writing". Three periods are conventionally distinguished, which demonstrate the gradual progress of the formation of this doctrine.
The first stage (up to the ХVIII century) — in the Middle Ages, universities developed as centers of preservation and transmission of knowledge in the fields of theology, medicine, and law. Over time, church universities were replaced by state universities that had a greater level of autonomy and independence from church authorities. The period when the Catholic and Protestant churches begin to compete for control of the universities. During this period, university education became more secular, and states began to play an important role in the funding and management of universities. The main emphasis was on the development of speaking skills, critical thinking and general education, without clearly defined standards of academic writing.
 The second stage (XVIII-XX centuries) - during this period, the courses taught at universities are expanded, new specialties appear, universities become more accessible to the general mass of people, and not only to the elite. Also, during this period, the development of mass higher education takes place, new methods of learning and research appear, new technologies and means of communication appear. During this period, the importance of research activities in the university environment is growing. The study of academic writing becomes more systematic, the first courses and textbooks on this subject appear.
The third stage (after the ХХ century) — at this stage, large-scale reforms of university education are carried out in order to improve its quality and efficiency. In particular, educational programs are being reformed, the latest learning and knowledge assessment technologies are being introduced, and the structure of university institutions and their management is changing. Particular attention is paid to the development of research activities, in particular, the introduction of innovative technologies, the creation of research centers and laboratories. The importance of the development of computer technology and digital media is increasing, which affects the ways of learning and the practice of academic writing. Special attention is paid to the development of critical thinking, communication and data analysis skills in the context of modern challenges in science and education.
HISTORICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE RESEARCH OF THE EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE «METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH»
Authors: DIACHENKO-BOHUN M. , MELNIK A.
Published: October 2024

The article describes the development of the history of studying the discipline "Methods of ecological research". Three periods are conventionally distinguished, which demonstrate the gradual progress of the formation of this teaching.
The first stage (before the 1850s) - scientists began to study the relationship between vegetation, animals and the environment. During this time, such fundamental research methods as detection, tagging, and monitoring of animal dynamics, population monitoring, measurement of biological parameters, and analysis of the impact of human activity on the environment were created.
The second stage (1850-1970) - during this period, scientists began to use more sophisticated methods, such as soil and water chemical analysis, gas analysis, radioisotope methods and satellite technology. Standardization of research methods also took place. New areas of research are emerging, such as environmental genetics, molecular ecology, and environmental biochemistry.
The third stage (after 1970) is the period when scientists use more precise and advanced research methods, including molecular and genetic methods. Quantitative research methods are being developed, such as mathematical modeling of ecosystems and statistical data analysis. Special attention is paid to the problems of preserving biodiversity, the impact of climate change on ecosystems, and environmental sustainability.
ACADEMIC INTEGRITY AS A FACTOR OF ENSURING QUALITY TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS IN INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: ILCHENKO O.
Published: October 2024

The article reveals the essence of the concept of "academic integrity", its values and principles. It is noted that academic integrity as a complex, multifaceted concept can be understood in several aspects, such as: 1) a trait of a teacher's personality, which reflects his general spiritual culture, moral image, level of upbringing and education, professionalism in the field, strength of character; 2) an indispensable condition of the process of ensuring the quality of education and training of a highly qualified specialist who fully fulfills the requirements of the educational (scientific) program, while observing the norms and ethics of academic integrity; 3) the norm of the civilized functioning of the educational environment of the institution of higher education with its culture, principles, values, rules of academic integrity. It is noted that in modern universities, academic integrity is an ethical, moral, valuable basis for the effective functioning of an educational environment in which students, teachers, and administration clearly and consistently adhere to its norms and rules.
The Poltava National Pedagogical University named after V. G. Korolenko operates an effective system of ensuring academic integrity, which is based on the principles of legality, freedom and human dignity, professionalism and competence, honesty and decency, openness and transparency, respect and mutual trust. In order to effectively comply with the norms and rules of academic integrity, and therefore to ensure the quality of higher education, we recommend applicants to familiarize themselves with and study the features of the functioning of this system at the university in a timely manner.
ISSUES OF CHILDHOOD, CHILD’S UPBRINGING AND DEVELOPMENT IN A. MAKARENKO’S PEDAGOGICAL HERITAGE
Authors: IONOVA O. , LUPARENKO S.
Published: October 2024

This article presents A. Makarenko’s pedagogical ideas about childhood, child’s upbringing and development. The specific features of educational work with children in Ukraine during 1920-1930 are characterized. They are: education dependence on the government ideological and political course; the dissemination of the idea of the team educational influence on the individual and the individual educational influence on the team, collective organization of work; focus on children’s patriotic, moral, political, legal, intellectual, labour, physical, aesthetic education. A. Makarenko identified the main tasks of education. They are: raising healthy children, formation of their ability to work and moral culture, providing children with healthy and cheerful childhood. A. Makarenko’s main ideas about childhood, upbringing and child development are revealed. They are: care for children’s health (taking into account children’s age characteristics, creating proper medical and hygienic conditions, students’ involvement in work, physical education and sports), prevention of antisocial phenomena (smoking, alcoholism, obscene language), development of children’s physical, mental, moral and social health, formation of their sexual culture. Undisputed success factors in solving the problem of raising a healthy child are: teachers’ positive influence on children’s development processes, properly organized family education, coordinated interaction of parents and teachers.
SPORTS PEDAGOGY AS A TOOL FOR PRESERVING HEALTH AND SUPPORTING AN ACTIVE LIFE IN LATE AGE
Authors: KOVALCHUK R. , SHYNKARUK V. , USTIANOVSKA A.
Published: October 2024

Sports pedagogy at a later age acquires special importance in ensuring a high-quality and active lifestyle. At this age, a person undergoes a number of physical and psychological changes that pose new challenges in terms of health and activity. Sports pedagogy is a tool that allows you to maintain health and positively influence the quality of life in later life. The article examines the role of sports pedagogy in preserving health and maintaining an active lifestyle among people of late age. The influence of physical activity on the physiological and psychological aspects of health, as well as on the quality of life in late age, is studied. Special attention is paid to the methods and approaches of sports pedagogy aimed at increasing the motivation and interest of people in different age groups in physical activity. The influence of physical activity on the physiological and psychological aspects of health, as well as on the quality of life in late age, is studied. Special attention is paid to the methods and approaches of sports pedagogy aimed at increasing the motivation and interest of people in different age groups in physical activity. The purpose of this article is to analyze the role of sports pedagogy as an effective tool for maintaining health and maintaining an active lifestyle in late life. The article used various research methods aimed at analyzing the impact of sports pedagogy on health and active life in later life. The main methods include literature review, empirical research, data analysis, and comparative analysis.
The issue of maintaining health and maintaining an active lifestyle in old age is important in modern society. With age, new challenges and opportunities arise, which require the development of effective strategies to support the physical and psychological well-being of the elderly. Sports pedagogy, as an innovative approach, can act as a key tool in this context. By analyzing the individualization of training programs, the adaptation of methods to physical capabilities and the importance of motivation through sports events and competitions, the authors emphasize the importance of sports pedagogy in ensuring physical activity among the elderly population. The conclusion of the article determines the need for further development and implementation of sports-pedagogical programs to support health and activity among the target audience. Analyzing the role of sports pedagogy, the article emphasizes its importance as a key factor in stimulating an active lifestyle and preserving health in later life.
FORMATION OF STUDENTS' MOTIVATION AND VALUE ATTITUDES TOWARDS HEALTH AND A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
Authors: MIKHEIENKO O. , ZHAMARDIY V. , BASHAVETS N.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of forming motivation for the health of student youth as a basis for observing health-oriented behavior and activities. The main factors in the formation of students' motivational and value attitudes towards health are substantiated. The role of psychological-pedagogical mechanisms and factors that contribute to or, on the contrary, hinder the formation of the motivational and value attitude of pupils (students) to health and a healthy lifestyle is revealed. The necessity of professional teaching of knowledge about health in order to form the appropriate motivation has been proven. One of the important tasks facing modern education is not only the development of the intellectual and physical potential of student youth, but also the creation of motivation for health, value orientations aimed at preserving and strengthening health as the main resource for their successful implementation professionally creative potential. There are a number of factors of a psychological and pedagogical nature that contribute to health activities or, on the contrary, hinder them. Professional teaching of knowledge with the aim of forming students' motivational and valuable attitude to health and compliance with the rules and norms of a healthy lifestyle makes certain demands on the content, forms, methods, conditions of learning as well as the personality of the teacher.
THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN THE FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ HABITS AND SUSTAINED INTEREST IN SYSTEMATIC EXERCISES
Authors: MOROZ F. , HAVRYSHKO S.
Published: October 2024

Physical education is a component of the comprehensive harmonious development of the personality. Physical education is a system of socio-pedagogical activities aimed at strengthening health and hardening the body, harmonious development of forms, functions and physical capabilities of a person, formation of vital motor skills and abilities. The theory and practice of physical education are based on the data of physiology. Physiological science equips the theory and methodology of physical education with the laws of development of the human body, the correct consideration of the influence of various factors on its functional activity. On the basis of its data, a scientifically based system of physical exercises aimed at the development of motor actions and the formation of physical qualities of the body is being developed.The level of a person's culture is revealed in his ability to rationally and fully use free hours. How it is used depends not only on success in work, education and general development, but also on a person's health and the fullness of his life. Physical education and sports occupy an important place here. Because exercise is health. Physical education is an integral part of the general education system of youth education and attracts young people to culture through motor activity in all forms, plays a decisive role in the formation of the individuality of young people, which is sometimes more important than the health-improving effect of physical culture.
POETRY THERAPY IN THE CONTEXT OF AESTHETIC THERAPEUTIC TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: NOCHOVNA N. , KUHARCHUK O. , SHKURUPII O.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of poetry therapy in the context of aesthetic therapy training of future preschool teachers. Basing on the article’s analysis of the essense of aesthetic therapy and art therapy, the elements of which are combined by poetry therapy, as well as the study of foreign research on the use of poetry therapy, the author’s definition of the phenomenon of “poetry therapy” is presented.This definition presents poetry as a method of harmonizing the psycho-emotional state and psychosocial recovery of the individual by means of poetry, involving the individual in active listening and co-creation.Different approaches to the interpretation of the content of the training of pre-school and the forms of effective use of poetry therapy in the context of esthetic therapy training of future preschool teachers were revealed.
THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATIONAL AND RESEARCH TASKS IN THE "BASICS OF PSYCHOGENETICS" FOR THE FORMATION OF SUBJECT BIOLOGICAL COMPETENCE IN THE FIELD OF HUMAN GENETICS IN FUTURE MASTERS OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
Authors: YUSYPIVA T.
Published: October 2024

The formation of subject competence in biology is a prerequisite for the training of highly qualified personnel, especially teachers of natural sciences and biology and human health, for general secondary education institutions. Taking into account the peculiarities of studying in a specialized school, namely, the performance of a large number of research works by students, the biology teacher must be competent in the field of human genetics and be able to organize the implementation of educational and research tasks by students on this topic. Therefore, students – future masters of secondary education – should be proficient in the methods of genetic research, including population research. A biology teacher is also a psychologist, so he or she can interest students in research work in the field of psychogenetics.
The article characterizes the experience of organizing students' independent work and the role of educational and research tasks in mastering the elective educational component "Basics of Psychogenetics" by higher education students and the formation of subject biological competence of secondary education masters in the field of human genetics.
It has been found that according to the results of performing educational and research tasks in small groups, 66.7 % of master students majoring in 014.05 Secondary Education (Human Biology and Health) had a high level of professional competencies in the field of human genetics, 22.2 % – an average level, 11.1 % – a sufficient level. A significant increase in the level of motivation of higher education students to acquire knowledge in the field of human genetics and increase their interest in the task is shown, as it expands communication with young people, allows to find out trends in changes in their psychological characteristics and the attitude of girls and boys to themselves – both to their body and personality, and also promotes the development of critical thinking and creative imagination. The students' satisfaction with the methods of teaching and forms of organizing classes in "Basics of Psychogenetics" was noted. Thus, the implementation in small groups of the educational and research task on the topic "Genetic basis of quantitative and qualitative variability" is a means of forming the subject biological competence of future masters of secondary education in the field of human genetics.
A. S. MAKARENKO’S PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIENCE IN PREVENTION OF LEGAL NIHILISM AMONG ADOLESCENTS
Authors: YAVORSKYI A.
Published: October 2024

This article presents the revelation and analysis of A. S. Makarenko’s pedagogical ideas aimed at preventing legal nihilism among adolescents. These ideas are the following: adolescents’ education in trust, support, respect for the individual, positive attitude towards their potential opportunities, taking into account the age and individual characteristics of adolescents’ development and education; the school, family, police and public joint activities aimed at implementing adolescents’ moral and legal education, taking into account the optimal pedagogical conditions that ensure the unity of the actions of educational process participants, the unity of educational and extracurricular activities, the integrity of the moral and legal space; pedagogical expediency of means, forms and methods of educational influence on adolescents; teacher's focus on the return of juvenile delinquents to a normal life, not their oppression, as well as the organization of cooperation between a teacher and students, not their confrontation; respect for adolescents’ rights and legitimate interests; adolescents’ involvement in interesting labour activity; educational influence focus on development of responsibility, empathy, tolerance among adolescents, their self-actualization, self-criticism, reflection, etc. The author makes a conclusion about the efficiency of A. S. Makarenko’s activities in juvenile criminals’ re-education and the recognition of his pedagogical ideas and experience throughout the world.
Demographic factor in ensuring economic growth of modern socio­economic systems
Authors: Minakova I. V. , Shevyakin A. S.
Published: October 2024

The demographic factor plays a crucial role in the economic development of countries, largely determining the pace of economic growth and the level of well-being of the population. The experience of Southeast Asian countries (India, China), Brazil and other countries shows that population growth is a powerful factor in economic growth. At the same time, excessively rapid population growth can increase poverty and lead to a decrease in the quality of life of the population. The purpose of the presented study is to analyze the influence of the demographic factor on socio-economic dynamics. The authors have established the features of demographic processes in the modern world. Global demographic trends have been identified, the main of which are an increase in the demographic burden on the economy as a result of population aging; uneven gender structure of the population; accelerating urbanization; active migration processes. The main theoretical approaches to the relationship between population size and socio-economic dynamics, set out in fundamental works devoted to the study of economic growth factors, are analyzed. It is concluded that population growth will have a positive impact on socio-economic development, provided that it is accompanied by a competent state economic policy to involve the growing population in the production process.