bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kajian Linguistik Modern Strukturalis dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Rizki Restu Budiansyah
Published: January 2021

Today's modern linguistic ideas seem very hot to be discussed on the conference stages. Its presence has brought fresh air for language and education activists. Not without reason, linguistics has contributed in breaking down various aspects of linguistic material to be transformed into foreign language learning, one of which is Arabic. this has been seen with the existence of a rainbow of linguistic studies in various lines of discussion. Call it one of the most famous modern linguistic studies today is structuralism. Structuralism tries to present a language lens that suppresses aspects of behaviorism and sees that language is obtained because of a trigger factor or continuous training. The method presented in this research is entitled library research. So that the data obtained comes from theories which in their discussion address structuralist modern linguistic studies and foreign language learning. The results showed that the realm of structuralist modern linguistics is very suitable to be applied in foreign language learning, one of which is Arabic. The suitability of these applications can be echoed by the following steps, including 1) practice repeating utterances in Arabic which can have an impact on students' habit of speaking in Arabic, 2) changing the type of sentence between isim or fi'il, 3) expansion exercises meaning in sentences with different patterns, and 4) connecting exercises.
DIGITALIZATION OF SOCIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS IN A CHANGING WORLD: COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Ivanchina Yulia V. , Istomina Yelena A.
Published: January 2021

The onset of the information society and the digital economy is a natural stage in the development of any state. Informatization of all spheres of social life actualizes the issues of research of already established social relations and their legal regulation, taking into account a new element — their digital support. Employment relationships, as well as social security relationships, are no exception in terms of digital penetration. Labor legislation and legislation on social security, being independent, are often implemented in a systemic relationship, since they are aimed at ensuring the quality of life of individuals. This relationship affects a variety of aspects: employment, the combination (balance) of work and family responsibilities, as well as private life and health care. This determines the potential for a comprehensive analysis of the labor and social rights of citizens in the context of digitalization. The importance of such studies is all the more obvious because, in the context of the spread of the new coronavirus infection, the restrictions imposed, including social distancing, made it impossible, for many, both to carry out work activities and to apply for and receive social benefits. The preservation of the quality of life of the population of this state largely depends on the extent to which the state’s reaction, expressed externally in the form of adopted regulatory legal acts, corresponds to the current situation and helps to solve emerging problems. This article, based on the comparative method of scientific research, shows the development of remote work in Russia and in foreign countries. The importance of information, information technologies and systems in the field of social security is analyzed. The spread of the new coronavirus infection has affected the whole world, and the experience of legal regulation, developed in states with different levels of development, can, taking into account its interpretation, be applied to a certain extent in Russian conditions. In addition, the article emphasizes that the law of any state should be oriented towards international standards in the relevant area.
Social protest in the Altai Territory: research experience in the methodology of social conflict
Authors: Nagaytsev Victor V. , Shrayber Angelina N. , Artyukhina Valentina A.
Published: January 2021

This article studies the phenomenon of social protest in the Altai Territory. The authors present the data from a sociological study on this issue conducted in 2018-2020. The main method of empirical research was a survey of the population in various territories of the region, which revealed the real and potential level of protest activity of citizens. This article considers the process of formation and development of protest as a special form of social conflict, studying the influence of a complex of factors on the formation of protest moods, as well as the real protest behavior of the population. The authors show the social nature of protest, which is based on contradictions in the interests of various social groups in the regional society. In the authors’ understanding, the protest behavior is represented as individual or collective actions of subjects demonstrating dissatisfaction with the existing situation in society. The significance of the research lies in the understanding of social protest as a form of conflict. This article deals with problems related to various scientific interpretations of the essence and content of social protest, traditional and non-classical methodological approaches to determining its essence and content. Attention is paid to the functions of protest, the constructive orientation of some protest actions of civil activists, and the extent to which the protest behavior of the population affects various aspects of the life of the regional society. In the course of the research, the following components of social protest in the region were analyzed: the real and potential level; causes; and the forms of manifestation, among others. As it turned out in the course of the study, social protest actions in regional society are one-time and situational in nature, and they can be prevented and regulated. The authors conclude that the lack of effective mechanisms for managing the protest behavior of social actors in regional society can lead to the most unfavorable social consequences — an increased conflict between different levels of subjects, increased tension, aggravation of social problems and other crisis phenomena in society. The conclusions are also formulated, according to which the reason for the protest is the rejection of certain subjects of the current social situation in society, dissatisfaction with various aspects of their life.
Farklı Sınıf Seviyesindeki Ortaokul Öğrencilerin Sıvıların Kaldırma Kuvvetine İlişkin Kavramsal Anlamaları
Authors: Koksal Ela Ayse , Babacan Muhammed Ali
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışma, farklı sınıf seviyesindeki öğrencilerin sıvıların kaldırma kuvveti konusunda kavramsal anlamalarını incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2015-2016 eğitim-öğretim yılında Kayseri ili Yeşilhisar ilçe merkezinde farklı sınıf seviyesinde öğrenim gören 50 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada “Kuvvet ve Hareket” ünitesinin birinci bölümünde yer alan, sıvıların kaldırma kuvveti konusu ile ilgili olan kazanımları içeren, düz anlatım ve gösteri deneyi yöntemlerinin kullanıldığı dersler planlanmıştır. Planlanan dersler farklı sınıf düzeyindeki gruplara ayrı ders saatlerinde anlatılmış ve sonrasında öğrencilere sıvıların kaldırma kuvvetine ilişkin kavramsal anlamaları testi uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde öğrencilerin cevapları anlama, kısmen anlama, belirli kavram yanılgıları ile kısmen anlama, belirli kavram yanılgısı, anlamama ve boş/cevapsız gibi kategorilere göre değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda farklı sınıf seviyesindeki öğrencilerin sıvıların kaldırma kuvveti konusunda belirlenen kazanımların bazılarında kavramsal anlamalarında belirgin fark ortaya çıkarken, bazı kazanımlarda yakın sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Özellikle yedinci ve sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin kavramsal anlamaları arasında belirgin fark olmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS STRATEGIES USING QSPM AND SWOT ON SNAIL CHIPS
Authors:   Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Kadiri, Dewi Indrasari Lolyka , Rushanti Widodo Silvi
Published: January 2021

Strategy in the snail chips business is the topic of this research. The purpose of this study is to determine the position of the company based on the SWOT results and the sequence of alternative strategies found on QSPM. The stages of this research were to make observations at PT.X to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the snail product. The results obtained by the company lie in quadrant II with a suitable strategy to increase resistance to reduce the danger that comes, while the order of the choice of method is first to strengthen cooperation with new collectors, second to improve quality better than competitors, third to plan delivery schedules if the volume of demand increases. Suggestions that can be used by related companies are implementing alternative strategies on an ongoing basis and periodically evaluating them.
Biblijna kosmologia Jana Kochanowskiego. Ciała niebieskie w „Psałterzu Dawidowym” na tle XVI-wiecznych przekładów Biblii
Authors: Starownik Agata
Published: January 2021

Tematem tekstu są odniesienia astronomiczne w Psałterzu Dawidowym Jana Kochanowskiego, zaliczającym się do dzieł poety najbogatszych w tego typu nawiązania. Koncentrują się one wokół budowy wszechświata, najważniejszych ciał niebieskich: Słońca i Księżyca (w dalszej kolejności też gwiazd) oraz ich ruchu po niebie, wyznaczanego przez nie kosmicznego ładu i pochwały harmonijnego dzieła Stworzenia oraz jego Autora. W tekście omówiono kilka wybranych motywów związanych z tematyką astronomiczną w Psałterzu. Zaliczają się do nich wschody i zachody słońca powiązane z porami dnia i porządkiem czasu, obraz kręgu ziemskiego, przeciwstawienie Bóg na wysokościach–ziemia na dole, zestawienia głównych obiektów astronomicznych: Słońca i Księżyca. Wybrane motywy astronomiczne w Psałterzu Kochanowskiego odniesiono do dwóch szesnastowiecznych tłumaczeń Księgi Psalmów, które można uznać za najważniejsze dla dwóch głównych stronnictw uczestniczących w sporach o teksty święte: protestancką Biblię brzeską i katolicką Biblię Jakuba Wujka. Nie ma to na celu szukania bezpośrednich zależności (w przypadku przekładu katolickiego, późniejszego niż zbiór Kochanowskiego, niemożliwych), ale skonfrontowanie dzieła poetyckiego z koncepcjami czytania i przekładania Biblii wykreowanymi przez twórców przekładów konfesyjnych.
O ciclo paradoxal de subinclusão/sobreinclusão/desconfiança na modernidade periférica
Authors: Silva Junior Jorge Adriano da , Rodrigues Lucas Rego Silva
Published: January 2021

O objeto do presente trabalho consiste em analisar a relação entre a assimetria do binômio subinclusão/sobreinclusão e a desconfiança em regiões cuja modernidade é descrita como periférica na teoria dos sistemas sociais. Através de pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, inicialmente, constatou-se que na sociedade moderna inúmeras expectativas conflitantes exsurgem, cabendo ao direito a generalização congruente das expectativas normativas. A confiança de que as pessoas se comportarão conforme as expectativas institucionalizadas, bem como que o sistema jurídico as reafirmará em caso de frustração, reduz a complexidade social e permite a convivência social. Em seguida, compreendemos que, em regiões periféricas, a desdiferenciação social promove assimetria entre subincluídos e sobreincluídos. Os direitos fundamentais não possuem, nesse sentido a efetividade e eficácia suficientes para promover a inclusão generalizada das pessoas no sistema jurídico e político. Como resultado, apoiando a pesquisa bibliográfica com uma pesquisa quantitativa, verificou-se um ciclo paradoxal entre desconfiança e subinclusão/sobreinclusão em regiões periféricas da modernidade, o que compromete a concretização de direitos fundamentais e sua função inclusiva.
A superação do direito como norma
Authors: Fonseca Gabriel Ferreira da
Published: January 2021

A superação do direito como norma: uma revisão descolonial da teoria do direito brasileiro é um convite à reflexão sobre os históricos descompassos entre o “direito oficial” (legal, doutrinário e jurisprudencial) e a realidade plural do país e mesmo da sociedade mundial. Como resultado tanto da trajetória pessoal na prática jurídica, quanto do acúmulo de reflexões teóricas no campo do direito, Tercio Sampaio Ferraz Junior e  Guilherme Roman Borges apresentam um importante balanço sobre o direito ocidental neste início de década tão desafiador. A tradição jusfilosófica é revisitada à luz dos problemas trazidos pela digitalização e aceleração das comunicações sociais e jurídicas, bem como da percepção das realidades sociais e juridicidades paralelas às rotinas das organizações estatais. Em razão desse diálogo responsivo com os desafios da contemporaneidade e do país, o livro torna-se relevante não apenas para os teóricos e filósofos do direito, que talvez sejam o seu público mais óbvio, mas também para a sociedade e os juristas em geral.
Serological and Molecular Detection of Hepatitis B virus among patients referred to Kurdistan Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology in Sulaimani City/Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Abdulla Raz Sirwan , Hama Salih Ahmed
Published: January 2021

Hepatitis B virus infection is caused by the hepatitis B virus, a major global health problem. This infection can lead to chronic conditions, followed by cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The current study was aimed to detect HBV using serological and molecular techniques. During 2019, 300 blood samples were collected from Kurdistan Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology in Sulaimani city. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) techniques were used for the detection of HBsAg and HBV DNA, respectively. Obtained results were revealed that 92 out of 300 tested patients (30.66%) seropositive for HBsAg. Among 92 seropositive patients, 53 were shown positive results for HBV DNA by RT-PCR. Dental clinic visiting and dialysis were among the important risk factors for HBV transmission. The vast majority of positive results were among males. Smokers showed relatively high rates of positive results. One-third of the referred patients who had liver complaints were positive for HBsAg. More than half of the seropositive patients showed RT-PCR positive results. It was concluded that the molecular method (RT-PCR) is more sensitive and gives a more accurate result than serology (ELISA). Therefore, it can be used as a diagnostic tool for HBV detection.
Assessing Apps for Health Care Workers Using the ISYScore-Pro Scale: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Grau-Corral Inmaculada , Pantoja Percy Efrain , Grajales III Francisco J , Kostov Belchin , Aragunde Valentín , Puig-Soler Marta , Roca Daria , Couto Elvira , Sisó-Almirall Antoni
Published: January 2021

Background

The presence of mobile phone and smart devices has allowed for the use of mobile apps to support patient care. However, there is a paucity in our knowledge regarding recommendations for mobile apps specific to health care professionals.

Objective

The aim of this study is to establish a validated instrument to assess mobile apps for health care providers and health systems. Our objective is to create and validate a tool that evaluates mobile health apps aimed at health care professionals based on a trust, utility, and interest scale.

Methods

A five-step methodology framework guided our approach. The first step consisted of building a scale to evaluate apps for health care professionals based on a literature review. This was followed with expert panel validation through a Delphi method of (rated) web-based questionnaires to empirically evaluate the inclusion and weight of the indicators identified through the literature review. Repeated iterations were followed until a consensus greater than 75% was reached. The scale was then tested using a pilot to assess reliability. Interrater agreement of the pilot was measured using a weighted Cohen kappa.

Results

Using a literature review, a first draft of the scale was developed. This was followed with two Delphi rounds between the local research group and an external panel of experts. After consensus was reached, the resulting ISYScore-Pro 17-item scale was tested. A total of 280 apps were originally identified for potential testing (140 iOS apps and 140 Android apps). These were categorized using International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision. Once duplicates were removed and they were downloaded to confirm their specificity to the target audience (ie, health care professionals), 66 remained. Of these, only 18 met the final criteria for inclusion in validating the ISYScore-Pro scale (interrator reliabilty 92.2%; kappa 0.840, 95% CI 0.834-0.847; P<.001).

Conclusions

We have developed a reproducible methodology to objectively evaluate mobile health apps targeted to health care professionals and providers, the ISYScore-Pro scale. Future research will be needed to adapt the scale to other languages and across other domains (eg, legal compliance or security).
eHealth Program to Reduce Hospitalizations Due to Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Retrospective Study
Authors: van Buul Amanda R , Derksen Caroline , Hoedemaker Ouke , van Dijk Oscar , Chavannes Niels H , Kasteleyn Marise J
Published: January 2021

Background

Hospitalization for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with poor prognosis. eHealth interventions might improve outcomes and decrease costs.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an eHealth program on COPD hospitalizations and exacerbations.

Methods

This was a real-world study conducted from April 2018 to December 2019 in the Bravis Hospital, the Netherlands. An eHealth program (EmmaCOPD) was offered to COPD patients at risk of exacerbations. EmmaCOPD consisted of an app that used questionnaires (to monitor symptoms) and a step counter (to monitor the number of steps) to detect exacerbations. Patients and their buddies received feedback when their symptoms worsened or the number of steps declined. Generalized estimating equations were used to compare the number of days admitted to the hospital and the total number of exacerbations 12 months before and (max) 18 months after the start of EmmaCOPD. We additionally adjusted for the potential confounders of age, sex, COPD severity, and inhaled corticosteroid use.

Results

The 29 included patients had a mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second of 45.5 (SD 17.7) %predicted. In the year before the intervention, the median total number of exacerbations was 2.0 (IQR 2.0-3.0). The median number of hospitalized days was 8.0 days (IQR 6.0-16.5 days). Afterwards, there was a median 1.0 (IQR 0.0-2.0) exacerbation and 2.0 days (IQR 0.0-4.0 days) of hospitalization. After initiation of EmmaCOPD, both the number of hospitalized days and total number of exacerbations decreased significantly (incidence rate ratio 0.209, 95% CI 0.116-0.382; incidence rate ratio 0.310, 95% CI 0.219-0.438). Adjustment for confounders did not affect the results.

Conclusions

The eHealth program seems to reduce the number of total exacerbations and number of days of hospitalization due to exacerbations of COPD.
Characterizing the COVID-19 Infodemic on Chinese Social Media: Exploratory Study
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Pian Wenjing , Ma Feicheng , Ni Zhenni , Liu Yunmei
Published: January 2021

Background

The COVID-19 infodemic has been disseminating rapidly on social media and posing a significant threat to people’s health and governance systems.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate and analyze posts related to COVID-19 misinformation on major Chinese social media platforms in order to characterize the COVID-19 infodemic.

Methods

We collected posts related to COVID-19 misinformation published on major Chinese social media platforms from January 20 to May 28, 2020, by using PythonToolkit. We used content analysis to identify the quantity and source of prevalent posts and topic modeling to cluster themes related to the COVID-19 infodemic. Furthermore, we explored the quantity, sources, and theme characteristics of the COVID-19 infodemic over time.

Results

The daily number of social media posts related to the COVID-19 infodemic was positively correlated with the daily number of newly confirmed (r=0.672, P<.01) and newly suspected (r=0.497, P<.01) COVID-19 cases. The COVID-19 infodemic showed a characteristic of gradual progress, which can be divided into 5 stages: incubation, outbreak, stalemate, control, and recovery. The sources of the COVID-19 infodemic can be divided into 5 types: chat platforms (1100/2745, 40.07%), video-sharing platforms (642/2745, 23.39%), news-sharing platforms (607/2745, 22.11%), health care platforms (239/2745, 8.71%), and Q&A platforms (157/2745, 5.72%), which slightly differed at each stage. The themes related to the COVID-19 infodemic were clustered into 8 categories: “conspiracy theories” (648/2745, 23.61%), “government response” (544/2745, 19.82%), “prevention action” (411/2745, 14.97%), “new cases” (365/2745, 13.30%), “transmission routes” (244/2745, 8.89%), “origin and nomenclature” (228/2745, 8.30%), “vaccines and medicines” (154/2745, 5.61%), and “symptoms and detection” (151/2745, 5.50%), which were prominently diverse at different stages. Additionally, the COVID-19 infodemic showed the characteristic of repeated fluctuations.

Conclusions

Our study found that the COVID-19 infodemic on Chinese social media was characterized by gradual progress, videoization, and repeated fluctuations. Furthermore, our findings suggest that the COVID-19 infodemic is paralleled to the propagation of the COVID-19 epidemic. We have tracked the COVID-19 infodemic across Chinese social media, providing critical new insights into the characteristics of the infodemic and pointing out opportunities for preventing and controlling the COVID-19 infodemic.
Nowcasting for Real-Time COVID-19 Tracking in New York City: An Evaluation Using Reportable Disease Data From Early in the Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Greene Sharon K , McGough Sarah F , Culp Gretchen M , Graf Laura E , Lipsitch Marc , Menzies Nicolas A , Kahn Rebecca
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Nowcasting approaches enhance the utility of reportable disease data for trend monitoring by correcting for delays, but implementation details affect accuracy.

OBJECTIVE

To support real-time COVID-19 situational awareness, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene used nowcasting to account for testing and reporting delays. We conducted an evaluation to determine which implementation details would yield the most accurate estimated case counts.

METHODS

A time-correlated Bayesian approach called Nowcasting by Bayesian Smoothing (NobBS) was applied in real time to line lists of reportable disease surveillance data, accounting for the delay from diagnosis to reporting and the shape of the epidemic curve. We retrospectively evaluated nowcasting performance for confirmed case counts among residents diagnosed during the period from March to May 2020, a period when the median reporting delay was 2 days.

RESULTS

Nowcasts with a 2-week moving window and a negative binomial distribution had lower mean absolute error, lower relative root mean square error, and higher 95% prediction interval coverage than nowcasts conducted with a 3-week moving window or with a Poisson distribution. Nowcasts conducted toward the end of the week outperformed nowcasts performed earlier in the week, given fewer patients diagnosed on weekends and lack of day-of-week adjustments. When estimating case counts for weekdays only, metrics were similar across days when the nowcasts were conducted, with Mondays having the lowest mean absolute error of 183 cases in the context of an average daily weekday case count of 2914.

CONCLUSIONS

Nowcasting using NobBS can effectively support COVID-19 trend monitoring. Accounting for overdispersion, shortening the moving window, and suppressing diagnoses on weekends—when fewer patients submitted specimens for testing—improved the accuracy of estimated case counts. Nowcasting ensured that recent decreases in observed case counts were not overinterpreted as true declines and supported officials in anticipating the magnitude and timing of hospitalizations and deaths and allocating resources geographically.
Novel Methods in the Surveillance of Influenza-Like Illness in Germany Using Data From a Symptom Assessment App (Ada): Observational Case Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cawley Caoimhe , Bergey François , Mehl Alicia , Finckh Ashlee , Gilsdorf Andreas
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Participatory epidemiology is an emerging field harnessing consumer data entries of symptoms. The free app Ada allows users to enter the symptoms they are experiencing and applies a probabilistic reasoning model to provide a list of possible causes for these symptoms.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our study is to explore the potential contribution of Ada data to syndromic surveillance by comparing symptoms of influenza-like illness (ILI) entered by Ada users in Germany with data from a national population-based reporting system called GrippeWeb.

METHODS

We extracted data for all assessments performed by Ada users in Germany over 3 seasons (2017/18, 2018/19, and 2019/20) and identified those with ILI (report of fever with cough or sore throat). The weekly proportion of assessments in which ILI was reported was calculated (overall and stratified by age group), standardized for the German population, and compared with trends in ILI rates reported by GrippeWeb using time series graphs, scatterplots, and Pearson correlation coefficient.

RESULTS

In total, 2.1 million Ada assessments (for any symptoms) were included. Within seasons and across age groups, the Ada data broadly replicated trends in estimated weekly ILI rates when compared with GrippeWeb data (Pearson correlation—2017-18: r=0.86, 95% CI 0.76-0.92; P<.001; 2018-19: r=0.90, 95% CI 0.84-0.94; P<.001; 2019-20: r=0.64, 95% CI 0.44-0.78; P<.001). However, there were differences in the exact timing and nature of the epidemic curves between years.

CONCLUSIONS

With careful interpretation, Ada data could contribute to identifying broad ILI trends in countries without existing population-based monitoring systems or to the syndromic surveillance of symptoms not covered by existing systems.
Topography changes and thermal distribution at the Kelud crater after the 2014 Plinian eruption
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi , Setiawan Ari , Putra Heriansyah , Darmawan Herlan , Suyanto Imam , Meilano Irwan , Irzaman Irzaman , Evita Maria , Djamal Mitra , Yasin Moh , Aminah Nina Siti , Perdinan Perdinan , Apsari Retna , Srigutomo Wahyu , Suryanto Wiwit
Published: January 2021

Topography of a volcano crater can change due to endogenic processes such as deformation or eruption, or surface processes. Erosion and deposition are surface processes that may occur and gradually change the slope of the inner volcano crater. Here, we investigated erosion and deposition processes that occurred in the Kelud crater after the 2014 plinian eruption. We used high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and orthomosaic images derived by drone photogrammetry that acquired between September 2018 and July 2019. We obtained hundreds of aerial images which were reconstructed to obtain 3D models of Kelud’s crater by using Structure from Motion (SfM) technique. Results show erosions at alluvial fans that dominantly located at the east valleys of Kelud crater. The erosion removed the volcanic materials up to -5 m which transported and deposited close to the vicinity of the Kelud crater. The deposition process causes the increase of the Kelud crater lake up to 3 m. Moreover, we also mapped the thermal distribution of the Kelud crater lake by using low cost thermal camera. Our thermal investigation is able to identify some hotspots at the vicinity of the Kelud crater lake with range temperature of 43.7°C – 55.3°C, while the average apparent temperature of the Kelud crater lake is ~ 29°C. This high temperature area may indicate underwater active fractures that continuously release volcanic gasses which leads to convection heat transfer through Kelud’s water lake.
Living (and) Physical Systems
Authors: Vlcek Martin
Published: January 2021

The view of living systems is applied to physical systems. The statistical, summary approach is replacedby the biological approach whenever an object is granted its motivation. Make other lights so as toobtain basic physical quantities…
Архаический сюжет о брате и сестре в алтайском и бурятском героических сказаниях
Authors:   Inner Mongolia University, Pashtakova Tatuna N.
Published: January 2021

In the fairytale and epic folklore of the Siberian nations there are many similar motifs and storylines. One of these similar and quite wide-spread in the fairytale folklore storylines is the storyline of a “brother and sister”. This article gives the comparative analysis of the Altai and Buryat legends on the topic ‘a brother and sister’ in the context of epic texts of other Turkic-Mongol nations. Pointing out similarities and differences on the example of the specific texts, the author identifies the general story line that is almost identical in them. Consequently, the author comes to a conclusion that there are common archaic roots of the oral folklore of both nations that are separate not only historically but also land-wise.
Семантические особенности фитонима «полынь» в современной калмыцкой лирике: английский перевод в аспекте имагологии
Authors:   Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov, Shkurskaya Еkaterina A.
Published: January 2021

The article focuses on verbal olfacty representation on the example of phytonym “sage” in the poetic text of Rimma Khaninova “Sage Scent” (2008) and the literary translation by Nikolay and Gala Burlakovs. The comparative analysis of the original and the English translation enables us not only to set the intercultural dialogue but also see the distinctive features of one culture through the prism of another language. The phytonym “sage” in the author’s text has a strong and associative dominance reflecting the underlying peculiarities of the culture of the Kalmyk people. Such floral features of phytonym “sage” as a long-lasting fragrance and color create a lot of additional metaphorical associations. On the figurative level, the scent of sage represents the scent of motherland, freedom, on the emotional level – it is the memory of the native land, a landmark. The national identity is expressed implicitly through positive evaluative characteristics of sage scent. In the poetic translation by N. and G. Burlakovs the main idea and the plot line of the poem remained the same, however, the verbal olfacty representation – the sage scent ― is rendered from the point of view of the people of the Western culture. The emotional and image associations in English stay the same, but they do not reflect the unique feature of the phytonym “sage” for national identity of the Kalmyk people, they lack the dominant ethnic-specific feature of this plant which is the equality to the native land and national language.
Cоциальная мобильность и миграционные настроения сельской молодежи региона (по результатам социологического исследования)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS, Badmaeva Nogan V.
Published: January 2021

The article presents the results of the sociological survey of the young rural population of the Republic of Kalmykia on the problems of migration. The study analyzes the main goals and directions of the migration of young people. The results of the survey showed that the basic factors of the migration from rural areas are low level salaries, lack of work places, undeveloped infrastructure. The low level of social conditions is also one of the factors of migration of young people. The majority of the respondents plan to live in metropolises of Russia. No one of the respondents wants to live in a rural area. Thus, the analysis of the survey results showed that for young rural population the main channel for mobility is migration. It is important to note that rural area settlements have low level of attractiveness and prestige among contemporary young people which is due to low quality and level of life and the lack of preconditions for implementing life plans and strategies of the young people of the region.
Ilustración y esoterismo en Le Crocodile, de Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin
Authors: Calderón Xelhuantzi María Gloria
Published: January 2021

En estas páginas nos interesa comunicar cuatro ideas principales sobre Le Crocodile y su autor, Louis-Claude de Saint-Martin. La primera es definirla como una novela cuyos elementos, incluido el tema iluminista, responde al género de la novela filosófica, característico del siglo XVIII. Segunda, comunicar que, derivado de las ideas iluministas que están presentes en ella, Le Crocodile puede calificarse también como una novela esotérica, debido a que el término esoterismo empezó a utilizarse a finales del siglo XIX para referirse a temas que antes se abordaban como iluminismo. Tercera: informar sobre ideas iluministas que se encuentran presentes en esta novela de Saint-Martin. Cuarta: resaltar el valor satírico de esta novela que evidencia aspectos menos conocidos del Siglo de las Luces, exhibiendo a los poderes de su tiempo (Iglesia, academias, gobiernos, filosofismo) que en pleno siglo XVIII perpetúan los vicios de los que la Ilustración quería liberar a los hombres, y quienes imponían y sojuzgaban otras formas de conocimiento diferentes a las del materialismo promovido por las ciencias.
IVAN KUKULJEVIĆ SAKCINSKI U SLOVENSKOJ PRIJEVODNOJ KNJIŽEVNOJ KULTURI SREDINOM 19. STOLJEĆA: JURAN I SOFIJA ILI TURCI KOD SISKA I OBLIKOVANJE SLOVENSKOGA NACIONALNOG IDENTITETA
Authors: Perenič Urška
Published: January 2021

IVAN KUKULJEVIĆ SAKCINSKI IN THE CULTURE OF MIDNINETEENTH-CENTURY SLOVENE LITERARY TRANSLATION: JURAN AND SOFIA, OR THE TURKS AT SISAK AND THE FORMATION OF THE SLOVENE NATIONAL IDENTITY

In 1850, Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski’s Illyrian-Croatian plays Juran i Sofija ili Turci
kod Siska (Juran and Sofija, or the Turks at Sisak, 1839) and Stjepko Šubić ili Bela IV. u
Horvatskoj (Štepan Šubic, or Bela IV in Croatia, 1841) were published in Slovene translation in the book Dve igri za slovensko glediše (Two Plays for the Slovene Theatre). First,
the paper considers the plays in a wider context of contemporary Slovene-language
drama of the same period, and then in a somewhat narrower context of dramatic
works in the Slovene language in (South) Slavic literature, wherein the discussion
takes into account the position of these two plays in the developing system of genres
of translated drama, since these two works occupy a distinctive place because they
representing model heroic plays. Special emphasis is placed on the first play, which
is not only Kukuljević’s most well-known work, but was, generally speaking, better
received in the Slovene context. This can be explained in a number of ways: 1) due
to to specific socio-political conditions (the translation into Slovene is from the
period of Bach’s s absolutism marked by increased German pressure on the Slovene and Croatian territory); 2) due to obvious social relevance of the Turkish topic (in
the Battle at Sisak the Slovenes and Croatians behave heroically, independently and
cooperatively); and 3) due to the play’s specific features, in particular its dramatic
personae, setting, and Slavic character (in the play, Toma Erdödy, Juran and Andrej Turjaški act in accordance with Slavic reciprocity, and the setting of the play
is Slavic). These features, in turn, enabled identification with the characters and
promoted national emancipation. The genre of the heroic play filled the gap in
the Slovene literature, which Fran Levstik anticipated in his 1858 Slovene literary
programme, which is also the first Slovene programme of this type.
Keywords: translation, adaptation, Slovene-Croatian relations, Turk
An analysis of the mechanical properties of HTPB-propellants using DMA
Authors: Gańczyk-Specjalska Katarzyna , Magnuszewska Paulina
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the thermomechanical properties of solid rocket propellants containing hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was used in analysing the mechanical properties of propellant for two different sample geometries (cuboid and cylindrical). Nonisothermal and isothermal analyses were carried out in two holders: dual-cantilever and compression. The glass transition temperature of soft and hard segments in the propellants, the effect of dynamic force on sample strain, the creep-relaxation process (based on which parameters in the Burgers model were calculated) were determined based on the results of the analysis.
Possible ways of optimizing blasting operations using O-Pitblast software
Authors: Pyra Józef , Gądek Kamil
Published: January 2021

Blasting is one method of mining solid rock masses. The operation parameters, i.e. burden, blast hole and row spacing, stemming length, subdrilling length or explosive charge mass per single delay and total explosive charge mass per series, must be determined. The determined parameters can be optimized taking into account both technical and economic performance, using a dedicated software with an optimization module. The article presents different ways of improving and optimizing blasting operation parameters using O-Pitblast software and the effects of these improvements on planned blasting operations.
Análisis sociológico del discurso: enfoques, métodos y procedimientos. Benno Herzog y Jorge Ruiz (eds.). Valencia: Universitat de Valencia, 2019
Authors: Serrano Pascual Araceli , Alaguero Angel Zurdo
Published: January 2021

El libro que edita la Universidad de Valencia de la mano de Benno Herzog y Jorge Ruiz posee un interés incuestionable, al constituir uno de los escasos textos en castellano que aborda un acercamiento cartográfico (aunque sea sin ambición de exhaustividad) a las diversas aproximaciones teóricas y metodológicas en torno al análisis de textos y discursos. La compilación presta una especial atención a los enfoques sociológicos, incorporando miradas que se inscriben en tradiciones tan diversas como la española, la anglosajona, la francesa, y la alemana.
Radiology in Saint-Petersburg '2019
Authors: Trofimova T. N. , Kozlova O. V.
Published: January 2021

The article presents statistical data on the state of Saint-Petersburg radiology as of 2019.
Аbout medical support of a unique arctic expedition of the «Captain Dranitsyn» icebreaker
Authors: Arkhipovsky V. L. , Spiridonov A. V. , Kazakevich E. V.
Published: January 2021

The article presents information about the international project MOSAiC, the largest polar expedition in recent years aimed at studying climate in the Arctic. At the center of the project is the Polar Star research icebreaker (Polarstern, Germany), which drifted along with sea ice through the Central Arctic from 2019 to 2020. The Polarstern has become the central observatory for atmospheric, ice, snow, oceanographic, environmental and biogeochemical studies. The Russian icebreaker Kapitan Dranitsyn took part in providing the expedition, which made 2 Arctic voyages to deliver people and various cargoes to the Polarstern ship. The diesel-electric icebreaker Kapitan Dranitsyn set a world record in the northern latitudes, for the ﬁrst time independently reaching 88°28,4′ north latitude (the highest point, date of achievement — February 26, 2020). Medical support for the Arctic icebreaker’s ﬂights was provided by the ship’s doctor FGBUZ SMKTS im. N.A.Semashko FMBA of Russia. The article presents the experience of the ship’s doctor in providing medical assistance to crew members and expeditions in extreme conditions of the Arctic.
Cyclic Model and Map for Estimating Predictive Potential of Prognostic-Planning Methodology Development
Authors: Busheneva Yu. I.
Published: January 2021

The article states that in our country considerable experience has been gained in forecasting and planning work, the formation of which is based on certain methodological approaches that undergo transformation at different historical stages. The purpose of the article is to assess the features of the development of the forecasting and planning methodology of the domestic national economy in various historical periods of time.

Based on the analysis of historical facts, the author’s expert assessment and graphic modeling techniques, a cyclic model and a map for assessing the predictive development potential of the forecasting and planning methodology of the domestic national economy are developed, which differs by identifying the stages in the development of forecasted and planned work depending on the nature of the obligatory execution, the depth of the impact of forecasts and plans for economic development, resource methods, predictability of the future.

The results of the study can be applied in the activities of government to improve the quality of forecasting and planning work, to determine the turning points of phase shifts in the development of the forecasting and planning methodology.
How Far Can We Go with Medically Assisted Reproduction? (Comments to the Conclusions of the National Advisory Committee on Ethics)
Authors:   Département d’éthique biomédicale, Centre Sèvres (Paris, France), Saintôt Bruno
Published: January 2021

One of France’s leading bioethics experts discusses the debate around assisted reproductive technologies, in particular, the issue of legal access to such technologies for single women and same-sex female couples. The author offers his detailed — and mostly critical — commentary on the advisory documents, issued by the “National Ethics Advisory Committee”, a special body created to publicly discuss issues of bioethics legislation. (In August 2020, three years after the publication of this article, the French National Assembly approved the new version of the Law on Bioethics that was discussed in this paper).
Moral Status of Human Embryo in Inter-Christian Context
Authors:   Tobolsk Orthodox Theological Seminary (Russia), Kiryanov Dmitry
Published: January 2021

The article offers an analysis of approaches of different Christian confessions to understanding of the moral status of human embryo in the context of modern biomedical developments. It compares challenges faced by the proponents of each denominational position and their arguments. According to documents and papers of the theologians there are at least three specific positions in relation to moral status of early human embryo: conservative, liberal and indefinite. The author focuses on arguments of such liberal Protestant authors as T. Peters, R. Cole-Turner and J. Polkinghorne; on strong and weak aspects of Roman Catholic perspective; and specific characteristics of Orthodox Christian approaches.
Bishop Methodian Campanian and the Practice of Pilgrimage to the Holy Land of the Russian Emigration: (Re)Invented Tradition
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University (Omsk, Russia), Gerasimova Victoria
Published: January 2021

The paper deals with the Russian émigrés’ pilgrimage to the Holy Land after the Second World War. The author analyzes the phenomenon of the restoration of group pilgrimages as a process of reinventing the pilgrimage tradition first developed mainly in the peasant milieu at the turn of the twentieth century. The annual trips from France organized by Bishop Methodian Kulman served as the basis for the new pilgrimage movement and the formation of a new community of “co-pilgrims”, uniting Russian Orthodox emigrants from all over the world. Perceived as a romantic ideal, the old peasant pilgrimage to Palestine became a source of new meanings for pilgrims in the second half of the 20th century. The author explores the process of gradual ritualization and formalization of the trips; the reconstruction of the Russian mental map of the Holy Land; the use of the pilgrimage as a way to cope with longing for the lost homeland and seeking authenticity by reproducing institutions of the past. The pilgrimage, interpreted as a spiritual ideal, became one of the ways to consolidate the Russian emigration.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Waris Berbasis Kearifan Lokal di Desa Gayasan A, Kecamatan Jenggawah, Kabupaten Jember, Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: Khilmi Erfina Fuadatul , Hafidzah Arvina
Published: January 2021

Perbedaan dalam memahami pola pembagian hak waris berpotensi menimbulkan sengketa yang mempengaruhi hubungan keluarga  menjadi semakin luntur dan berimplikasi pada konflik  yang tidak berujung  antar keluarga satu dengan lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memahami implementasi penyelesaian sengketa waris dengan menggunakan sarana kearifan lokal setempat  sebagai metode alternatif dalam mencapai keseimbangan dan harmoni masyarakat yang masih menganggap tabu tindakan penyelesaian melalui jalur pengadilan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa  faktor yang mempengaruhi adanya perbedaan dalam pembagian waris di Desa Gayasan A Kecamatan Jenggawah Kabupaten Jember adalah tidak adanya komunikasi antar pewaris dan ahli waris atau dikenal istilah keluarga debik kek lopaen dan penilaian masyarakat terhadap ahli waris sangat menentukan terkait pembagian hak waris, sehingga diperlukan kearifan lokal yang menjadi sarana strategis dalam menyelesaikan sengketa melalui perembugen  dengan  diskusi internal keluarga  dan mediasi kepala adat serta pengucilan (tak diajepi).  Data dikumpulkan melalui kombinasi antara studi pustaka dengan studi lapang dengan cara melakukan pengamatan, wawancara dan angket. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sosiologi hukum  dengan pendekatan masalah pada hukum adat tidak tertulis  yang  lebih  memberlakukan hukum yang hidup di masyarakat Desa Gayasan A sebagai  fakta sosial  yang dibangun dari sistem nilai masyarakatnya dengan didukung oleh pendekatan teori (teori approach).
Rare case of intra-oral palatal (soft palate) fibro-lipoma
Authors: Mandal Manit , Panchal Ajay , Kumar Rakesh , Kapadia Parth , Parmar Neel
Published: January 2021

Background: Case study of 30 years male having suspending mass found
over upper surface of soft palate hanging in nasopharynx. Methods: After
evaluation, patient underwent combined approach (Trans-oral +
Endoscopic) excision. Results: Histopathological examination concluded
possibility of intra-oral lipoma. Conclusion: Palatal mass (lipoma)
requires surgical excision post complete evaluation.
EVALUATION OF THE INFECTION AWARENESS OF DENTISTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: SADRY SANAZ , Sapan Zeynep
Published: January 2021

Background: The present study aims to investigate the state of
sterilization, disinfection and infection control of dentists during the
COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study involved 310 dentists, who were
asked to fill in a 19-question, multiple-choice survey on sterilization,
disinfection and infection control. The survey results were evaluated
statistically using chi-square test. Results: An investigation of the
changes in working conditions and occupational experience during the
pandemic period showed that 86.7% of the physicians who quit are the
ones with occupational experience of 0 to 6 years. 89.3% of the
physicians who answered “No idea” to the question about sterilization
methods consist of physicians with over 20 years of experience, while
7.1% of them are physicians with 6-10 years of experience. Conclusion:
Dentistry is the highest risk profession in the COVID-19 pandemic. And
dentists need to reduce this risk by utilizing personal protective
equipment and adopting the most appropriate disinfection and
sterilization measures. Key Words: Disinfection, dentistry,
sterilization.