bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRODUCT LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY DEVELOPING USING A METHOD TO ANALYZE INTERRELATED DECISION AREAS
Authors: Rybkina Ol'ga , Rodionova Valentina
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The materials of the article are devoted to the consideration of the complex process of strategic management of the life cycle of high-tech products, in which one of the main problems is the implementation of a single strategy. The basis for the formation of a modern strategy for managing the life cycle of high-tech products is the combination of management decisions of a functional nature in such a way as to eliminate contradictions and take into account their compliance with performance criteria. To solve the problem of compatibility of strategic solutions in the work, the method of analysis of interrelated decision areas (AIDA) was proposed and tested.
Materials and Methods. The article examines the theoretical foundations of strategic management, pays special attention to the levels of strategic decision-making from international and national to local. The article proposes a modified strategic management matrix that expands the levels of development and implementation of strategic decisions and the associated objects of life cycle management of high-tech products, allowing you to form a theoretical and practical basis for an overall strategy. The integrated process of managing the life cycle of high-tech products from the perspective of developing a management strategy includes interconnected management solutions from key functional areas and business processes, their classification is reflected in the presented scientific article.
In order to analyze the compatibility of strategic management decisions that form a single strategy for managing the life cycle of high-tech products, a method for studying interrelated decision areas (AIDA) has been proposed. Developed in 1986 and further tested in various fields, the method eliminated incompatible design solutions in the life cycle management strategy, choosing the most optimal ones according to the criteria of efficiency, competitiveness and optimization of the development-production cycle time.
Results. Based on the results of the analysis, an optimal combination of strategic solutions of a functional level was formed, which reflects modern trends in the development of innovative production systems that face the need to reduce the risks of an informational, financial and investment nature by organizing an end-to-end pull-out material and information logistics flow, and introducing partner personnel management programs in long term.
Discussion and Conclusions. The results of the study can form the basis of the methodology for developing a strategy for managing the life cycle of high-tech products at the regional, national and international levels.
Three-subject Model of the Educational Relationship
Authors: Jeziorański Marek
Published: February 2025

The relationship between the educator and the pupil is of fundamental importance in the optimal education of the young person. Therefore, the very process of education and its effectiveness depends on its understanding and structure. In this article, two previous basic models of the educational relationship (single-subject and two-subject) are discussed and a three-subject model is proposed. Its presentation is the primary aim of this article. Based on the study of the sources and our own findings, it was assumed that the following subjects can be distinguished in the proposed model of educational relationship: 1) the external educator “You,” i.e., the educator in the traditional sense; 2) the “I-caller,” i.e., the normative self-image internalised in the pupil; and 3) the “I (re)called,” i.e., the pupil present ‘here and now’ with all the contexts (biological, psychological, cultural, spiritual, historical and future) that led him to the ‘here and now.’ It is assumed that this particular dialogue which takes place in the space of the pupil’s inner world is by far the most significant in terms of upbringing; hence, the importance of the inner upbringing relationship is highlighted in the three-subject model.
Gorliwość – kategoria anachroniczna czy ponadczasowa. Jej typy i znaczenie w pedagogice teoretycznej oraz stosowanej
Authors: Żywczok Alicja
Published: February 2025

W artykule przeanalizowano kategorię niezwykle rzadko poddawaną badaniu naukowemu – gorliwość. Została ukazana zarazem jako idea, cnota moralna i wolicjonalna, cecha charakteru (względnie cecha osobowości, dyspozycja), komponent postawy moralnej i obywatelskiej, składnik ideału wychowania oraz jeden z celów edukacyjnych. Kiedy bada się gorliwość w ten sposób, staje się oczywiste, że zagadnienie to należy do specyfiki wielu dziedzin nauki, zwłaszcza społecznej i humanistycznej. Oprócz wprowadzenia w początkowej części tekstu zaprezentowano wyjaśnienia leksykalne dotyczące gorliwości, które pozwoliły zdefiniować ją jako pilne wypełnianie obowiązków lub wykonywanie określonego zajęcia, a także jako żarliwość religijną. Wśród zasadniczych typów gorliwości wyodrębniono i opisano gorliwość: obywatelską, edukacyjną i zawodową oraz religijną. Zaakcentowano, że z gorliwością współwystępują inne oczekiwane przymioty człowieka, takie jak: wierność, roztropność, dzielność, sprawiedliwość czy wielkoduszność. By dzieci i młodzież uosabiały tę istotną cechę, warto zastosować zaproponowane w końcowej części artykułu metody, formy i środki edukacyjne, które mogą sprawdzić się w wielu środowiskach wychowujących. Zanim to jednak nastąpi, wychowawca powinien nauczyć się rozpoznawać gorliwość w podopiecznych bądź cierpliwie tę cechę w nich kształtować.
As with Parents, so with Others and so with God? Relationships among Humanistic Spirituality and Parental and Adult Attachment Styles
Authors: Kontrimienė Simona
Published: February 2025

This study (N = 449) explores relationships among humanistic spirituality, which in our Humanistic Spirituality Model encompasses the components of self-actualisation, transcendence and ultimate meaning in life, and parental as well as adult attachment styles as lifelong factors in the origin of spirituality. The results indicate that for female participants, humanistic spirituality is predicted by age and secure adult attachment, whereas for male participants, secure attachment to the mother and secure adult attachment are significant positive predictors. Lastly, the effect of secure attachment to the mother on humanistic spirituality for male participants is direct, while for female participants it is indirect and mediated by secure adult attachment.
Przekraczanie granic subsystemowych w rodzinie – analiza doświadczeń młodych opiekunów (young carers) w kontekście praw dziecka
Authors: Chojnacka Barbara
Published: February 2025

Głównym problemem, wokół którego koncentrują się niniejsze rozważania, jest zjawisko opieki podejmowanej przez dzieci w rodzinie, rozpatrywane w kontekście idei praw dziecka. Młodzi opiekunowie (young carers) wykonują szereg zadań, wspierając rodziców i cały system rodzinny, a niekiedy nawet przejmując za niego odpowiedzialność. Dokonano tu dwuetapowej analizy. W pierwszej kolejności, na podstawie autobiograficznych wywiadów narracyjnych, wyodrębniono kategorie doświadczeń młodych opiekunów. W drugim etapie zestawiono owe kategorie z obszarami praw dziecka, opierając się na analizie treści dokumentów je określających. Wnioski płynące z przeprowadzonych analiz stanowią podstawę do uznania sytuacji młodych opiekunów za zagrożenie lub przynajmniej istotne ograniczenie realizacji praw dziecka.
Ecocultural Perspectives On Mental Well-being and Self-harmony Among Sports Science Students
Authors: Song Peng , Wang Shaojie , Jiang Bo , Zhao Lunan
Published: February 2025

Drawing on Rogers' humanistic psychology framework, this study explores the interplay between self-harmony and mental health among sports majors. For college students majoring in physical education, this theory serves as a significant reference for maintaining their mental well-being. This research delves into the relationship between the mental health status and self - harmony of physical education majors. By doing so, it aims to offer novel perspectives for the psychological health education and counseling tailored to this specific group of students. A  random sampling approach was adopted to recruit physical education majors. Participants completed two validated instruments: the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) for assessing mental health symptoms, and the Self-Harmony Scale (SCL-HA) to measure congruence between self-concept and experiences. Data collection followed a double-blind protocol to minimize bias. The findings indicate that the disharmony between self and experience has the most profound impact on the mental health of these students, closely followed by communication - related issues. There exists a notable negative correlation between the mental health of physical education majors and the self - experience disharmony, while a significant positive correlation is observed between mental health and self - flexibility. Students with better mental health conditions exhibit remarkably higher levels of self - harmony and self - flexibility compared to those with poorer mental health. Drawing on Rogers' humanistic psychology framework, this study explores the interplay between self-harmony and mental health among sports majors. By employing mixed-method analyses (SCL-90 and SCL-HA scales), we identify key predictors of psychological well-being and propose actionable strategies for enhancing mental health interventions tailored to this cohort.
Introducción
Authors: Salazar Medina William Javier , Medina Rico Ricardo Hernán
Published: February 2025

Este libro emerge como un compendio interdisciplinario resultado de varios proyectos de investigación enfocados en desentrañar las complejidades existentes entre la normativa de protección de los derechos humanos y las realidades vividas por las poblaciones migrantes, refugiadas y retornadas. En un mundo donde las fronteras se difuminan pero sus efectos siguen siendo palpables, el análisis de estas dinámicas adquiere una relevancia crucial. La obra que ahora se presenta es, por tanto, un esfuerzo por abordar la temática migratoria desde múltiples perspectivas, con la intención de ofrecer una visión holística y actualizada de la situación que enfrentan las personas en estado de diáspora en diversas partes del mundo.
Adopting ideas
Authors: Willis Richard
Published: February 2025

Richard Willis, visiting professor at the University of South Wales, reviews a book that helps readers understand more about how to adapt a Montessori approach in settings
Analysis of Lightning Strike Densities for Broiler Production in Mississippi and Alabama
Authors: Rowland Matthew R. , Linhoss John , Davis Jeremiah D. , Campbell Jesse C. , Chesser Gary Daniel , Purswell Joseph L.
Published: February 2025

Highlights

Lightning strikes vary spatially and temporally. The largest broiler-producing county in both MS and AL have high frequencies of lightning strikes.

There is an increase in lightning strikes in MS and AL between the hours of 1600 and 0400 (4 p.m. CST and 4 a.m. CST) when growers and companies are least prepared.

More than 50% of annual lightning strikes occur during the summer (June, July, August) months for MS and AL.

Abstract. Modern broiler houses are expensive to build, maintain, and insure. Protecting them from extreme weather events is a major concern to producers, integrators, and insurance companies. Lightning strikes can cause catastrophic fires and electrical damage and can lead to costly bird losses, and, therefore, a greater understanding of the impact of lightning on broiler-producing states is needed. The objectives of this study were to (1) perform a long-term evaluation of lightning strike data around heavy broiler-producing areas in Mississippi (MS) and Alabama (AL), (2) spatially map lightning strike densities throughout MS and AL to evaluate spatial and temporal patterns, and (3) observe strike patterns within a 1-mile radius of select broiler farms. Cloud-to-ground lightning strike data for MS and AL for the years 2011-2020 was purchased from a lightning detection service provider and used for analysis. Overall, Mississippi experienced 7% more lightning strikes than Alabama over the 10-year period. Lightning strikes were elevated near coastal regions of both states; however, the highest broiler-producing county in each state had high lightning strike densities. Summer months (June, July, August) experienced the highest number of lightning strikes across both states. There were also increased lightning strikes between 1600–0400 CST for both states. The increased lightning strikes during the hottest months of the year and during nighttime hours mean that producers in both states should ensure that sensitive equipment is properly grounded to protect from lightning damage and that all emergency and alert systems are functioning properly to protect employees and birds and reduce risk from extreme weather events. Keywords: Broiler production, Lightning density, Lightning strikes.
Research on research online visibility
Authors: Orduña Malea Enrique , Font Julián Cristina
Published: February 2025

This editorial explores the significance of research visibility within the evolving landscape of academic communication, mainly focusing on the role of search engines as online meta-markets shaping the impact of research. With the rapid expansion of scientific output and the increasing reliance on algorithm-driven platforms such as Google and Google Scholar, the online visibility of scholarly work has become an essential factor in determining its reach and influence. The need for more rigorous research into academic search engine optimization (A-SEO), a field still in its infancy despite its growing relevance, is also discussed, highlighting key challenges in the field, including the lack of robust research methodologies, the skepticism within the academic community regarding the commercialization of science, and the need for standardization in reporting and measurement techniques. This editorial thus invites a multidisciplinary dialogue on the future of research visibility, with significant implications for academic publishing, science communication, research evaluation, and the global scientific ecosystem.
Identification of Positioning Factors in Academic SEO (ASEO) through a Scoping Review
Authors: Alcaraz Martínez Rubén
Published: February 2025

Academic SEO (ASEO) refers to a set of practices aimed at improving the visibility and impact of an author's or institution's academic output. Authors, publishers, and librarians all play important roles within the framework of their expertise in optimizing academic content. The main objective of this work is to identify the ranking factors that impact the algorithms of search engines and academic literature databases, as well as to uncover other factors or strategies that, while not having a direct impact, can be useful for increasing the visibility of an author's academic production. A scoping review was conducted following the SALSA framework, which identified a total of 23 publications. From these, the factors under study were identified and synthesized. 40 factors were identified, described, and grouped by type (direct / indirect), time (pre-publication / post-publication), and according to the actor(s) involved (author, publisher or librarian). Finally, a series of recommendations are also provided for each of the actors involved.
The impact of ChatGPT on journalism : social listening, bibliographic production, and media agenda
Authors: Sidorenko Bautista Pavel , Cabezas Clavijo Álvaro , Cantón Correa Javier , Alba Ruiz Rubén
Published: February 2025

Objective: Considering the powerful emergence of ChatGPT in society at large and in journalism in particular, this study aims to quantify the impact of ChatGPT on journalism from the perspective of news generation on this topic, its repercussions on social networks, and its impact on the academic sphere. -- Methodology: This study quantitatively analyses the impact of ChatGPT on journalism from its launch on 30 November 2022 to 18 November 2023. It examines news coverage, Wikipedia visits, social media posts (Facebook, Instagram, and X), and academic output. Data was collected from Media Cloud, Wikipedia, and Proquest. -- Results were generated in Flourish Studio, and analysis included normalization of records to avoid duplicates and ensure relevance to scholarly output. Results: The analysis of diverse documents underscores the versatility of the technology and the growing intersection between automation and journalistic writing. The study anticipates a future of increased human-machine collaboration in journalism. Key findings indicate widespread global coverage of the topic, reflecting a commensurate audience interest, as evidenced by internet search logs and social conversations.
Use of the deep learning and decision tree techniques to analyze the incorporation of technology in the educational field
Authors: Salas-Rueda Ricardo-Adán , Castañeda-Martínez Ricardo , Ramírez-Ortega Jesús , Martínez-Ramírez Selene-Marisol
Published: February 2025

The aim of this mixed research is to analyze the perception of the students about the use of Zoom and the Learning Management Systems such as Moodle and Google Classroom in the educational field during the COVID-19 pandemic considered data science. In particular, Zoom facilitates the communication, presentation of contents and resolution of doubts. On the other hand, Moodle and Google Classroom allow the delivery of tasks, consultation of information and realization of discussion forums from anywhere. The participants are 128 students of Psychology (n = 70, 54.69%), Social Work (n = 33, 25.78%) and Geophysics (n = 25, 19.53%) who took the Clinical Method, Urban Problems and Electromagnetic Prospecting courses at the National Autonomous University of Mexico during the 2020 school year. The results of the deep learning technique indicate that the use of Zoom and Learning Management Systems (Moodle and Google Classroom) during the COVID-19 pandemic positively influences the assimilation of knowledge and participation of the students. The decision tree technique identifies 4 predictive models about the use of these technological tools. Finally, Zoom, Moodle and Google Classroom allow transforming the teaching-learning process and updating the school activities during the COVID-19 pandemic.
El peso del diagnóstico en Trabajo Social. Una mirada crítica sobre etiquetado y estigma.
Authors: Brea Iglesias Juan , Arias Astray Andrés , Alonso Gonzalez David
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este trabajo es desarrollar algunos conceptos teóricos relevantes que permitan reflexionar sobre la práctica del Trabajo Social y las consecuencias del poder que se ejerce a través de las categorías diagnósticas y el etiquetado. Para ello, en primer lugar, se expondrá el entramado teórico vinculado a la Nueva Escuela de Chicago y el Interaccionismo Simbólico, poniendo énfasis en lo que posteriormente se denominó labelling theory (o teoría del etiquetamiento). En segundo lugar, se explora el concepto de estigma desde una perspectiva sociológica, aludiendo al proceso interaccional que le atribuyó Goffman (1963/2012a). En tercer lugar, se exponen algunos problemas éticos y epistemológicos en el uso de categorías diagnósticas en el ámbito del Trabajo Social. Por último, se plantean una serie de conclusiones que sirven como punto de partida para pensar el Trabajo Social desde una posición ética que desplace el hacer profesional del etiquetamiento (de objetos) al empoderamiento y la emancipación (de sujetos).
Reflexiones para la intervención del Trabajo Social en el sistema educativo formal.
Authors: Montenegro Leza Sofía
Published: February 2025

El objetivo del artículo es reflexionar sobre el papel del Trabajo Social en el sistema educativo formal en España. A partir de una metodología basada en el análisis bibliográfico y legislativo se ha observado que la presencia del Trabajo Social se ha diluido en perfiles genéricos compartidos con otras profesiones que desdibujan los objetivos propios del Trabajo Social en este ámbito. Con ello queda patente el retroceso de nuestro peso profesional en el sistema educativo siendo cada vez menor desde los años 90 del siglo pasado. Consideramos que fortalecer nuestra presencia y rol profesional es clave tanto para el futuro de la profesión como para la consecución de los derechos del estudiantado, así como para poder apoyar al resto de agentes de las comunidades educativas (familias, profesorado, resto de profesionales, etc). Finalmente, se aporta una propuesta de intervención que aúna los tres niveles de intervención clásica en Trabajo Social con los diferentes niveles de prevención, apostando por un papel propio dentro de las comunidades educativas del sistema educativo español.
¿Abrimos una oenegé? Aproximación a la intervención social en contextos de prostitución en España.
Authors: Martin Martin Paloma
Published: February 2025

La prostitución es una realidad que ha sido foco de la intervención social desde los orígenes de profesiones como el Trabajo Social. El presente trabajo nos acerca a la intervención social en el Estado español a través de la exploración de las organizaciones que ofrecen diferentes servicios a las personas en prostitución y trata con fines de explotación social. Los principales resultados nos muestran que existe una gran heterogeneidad en la intervención, identificándose la existencia de 37 organizaciones sociales diferentes. A pesar de ello, el mapa de entidades y la información que desprenden las webs de cada una de ellas, nos muestra que existen diferentes perspectivas hacia la prostitución y diferentes formas de intervención. Existen territorios donde se detecta ausencia de servicios y otros donde se dan duplicidades a pesar de la actual inversión de recursos a través del Plan Camino por parte del gobierno central, cuestión que nos indica una posible descoordinación. A modo de conclusión identificamos la necesidad de una mayor evaluación del trabajo que se realiza, una mejor coordinación entre territorios y organizaciones, una mayor consideración de los colectivos de personas en prostitución y una intervención por parte del Estado que tenga en consideración las diferentes posturas.
Aprendizaje-servicio con enfoque artístico para la promoción de la salud mental de niñas y niños en un entorno comunitario
Authors: Noyola-Dávalos César , Serrano-Arenas Denys , Tavera-Ortiz Teresa
Published: February 2025

Las niñas, niños y jóvenes en condiciones de desigualdad social constituyen un grupo con alto riesgo de desarrollar problemas de salud mental. La participación activa en la comunidad y las actividades artísticas creativas son considerados medios adecuados para promover la salud mental en este grupo etario. El objetivo de esta investigación fue promover la salud mental de niñas y niños en condiciones de desigualdad social a través de un proyecto de aprendizaje-servicio con enfoque artístico. La orientación del estudio fue cualitativa bajo el método de la investigación acción participativa con alcances de tipo descriptivo-interpretativo y de transformación social. El proceso de intervención se llevó a cabo mediante un proyecto de aprendizaje-servicio. El grupo de participantes se integró por 17 niñas, niños y jóvenes de Ensenada, Baja California, México. Los resultados indican que un proyecto de aprendizaje-servicio con enfoque artístico permitió crear ambientes de confianza propicios para la formación de vínculos afectivos y de amistad, así como mejorar la autoconfianza y el autoconcepto de los participantes, aspectos fundamentales para la promoción de su salud mental. Se sugiere fomentar la participación activa de este grupo etario en la solución de problemas del entorno mediante experiencias artísticas como una estrategia efectiva para generar condiciones de vida que fomenten la salud mental.
Red de redes: la Red Iberoamericana de Aprendizaje-Servicio y sus redes nacionales como promotoras del aprendizaje-servicio
Authors: Martínez Odría Arantzazu , Avruj Luz Mariela , Minakata Quiroga María José , Duque Bedoya Erika Teresa , Palacios Sol , Paz Lourido Berta , López Villarreal Leticia Ivonne
Published: February 2025

El trabajo colaborativo y en red entre los diferentes agentes que intervienen en el desarrollo de los proyectos de aprendizaje-servicio es una de las señas de identidad de este enfoque educativo que busca en última instancia la transformación educativa y social. En el contexto iberoamericano han ido surgiendo redes nacionales de promoción del aprendizaje-servicio, impulsadas en muchos casos por la Red Iberoamericana de Aprendizaje-Servicio, que ponen en claro la importancia del trabajo en red para el fortalecimiento del tema a nivel local. En este trabajo se analiza el trabajo que realizan estas redes con el fin de conocer aspectos compartidos y específicos en la difusión e institucionalización del aprendizaje-servicio. Para ello, y con un enfoque cualitativo de diseño exploratorio, y obedeciendo a criterios de una muestra no probabilística de conveniencia, se ha encuestado a un total de 10 redes nacionales de aprendizaje-servicio del contexto iberoamericano. Del análisis de los resultados extraídos se puede concluir que, a pesar de la diversidad existente en la denominación, organización y estructura de las redes, son compartidas las finalidades que persiguen, así como los ámbitos y áreas de actuación.
Reflection of Service-Learning Development and its Network in Asia
Authors: Ma Hok Ka Carol
Published: February 2025

Service-learning has emerged as a relevant pedagogy in higher education, combining academic knowledge with community service and fostering students' civic and academic growth. In Asia, this practice has evolved by incorporating models such as social entrepreneurship and design thinking, supported by networks like the Service-Learning Asia Network (SLAN) and pioneering institutions such as Lingnan University. The integrated service-learning model reflects Asian values such as the centrality of the family and community development, encompassing dimensions ranging from personal character development to education for global citizenship. However, service-learning faces challenges such as lack of funding, the diversity of educational systems, and limited teacher involvement, often due to the absence of institutional recognition. Despite these limitations, networks like SLAN and national initiatives are driving this methodology with increasing success.
Dissolved oxygen sensing characteristics in blood by hydrogel optical fiber
Authors: Fan Jianglin , Bian Zhenglan , Chu Fenghong , Zhu Wu , Zhou Bin
Published: February 2025

In this paper, a hydrogel fiber optic sensing probe with a fluorescence indicator doped
in the core is proposed for dissolved oxygen detection in blood. The
hydrogel fiber was made by photocrosslinking with a core-cladding
structure made from PEGDA precursor solutions with different
concentrations. By changing the concentration of the fluorescent
indicator doped in the core of the hydrogel optical fiber and changing
the length of the fiber and the thickness of the cladding, the sensing
performance of the fiber for dissolved oxygen was optimized, and it
was found that the effect of photobleaching could be reduced
appropriately by lowering the excitation power. The resolution is
0.008 ml/dl, with a linearity of 0.99, and the range is
0–2.015 ml/dl, which makes it suitable for the measurement of
the partial pressure of blood oxygen in human beings. The system also
shows good stability and repeatability. Due to the flexibility and
biocompatibility properties, the hydrogel optical fiber dissolved
oxygen sensing probe has promising application in the biomedical
field.
Resolution metric for imaging systems
Authors: Smith Brad C. , Gatt Phil
Published: February 2025

The resolution of an imaging system is an important metric for quantifying its optical performance. Commonly used metrics like the instantaneous field of view and the Rayleigh criterion have multiple drawbacks, e.g., they ignore aberrations and obscurations, assume spatially uniform detector response, and treat detector and optical resolutions separately. Here, we present a new metric, Ωres, based on the point response function of an imaging system and demonstrate its advantages. We also relate this new metric to the matched filter signal-to-noise ratio and define a generalized two-dimensional sampling Q number.
High-efficiency and high-brightness circular-clad, large-size, rectangular core crystalline waveguide Yb:YAG laser
Authors: Li Shuai , Huang Yukun , Nie Xiaolu , Zhao Jing , Zhu Zhanda , Lei Hong , Li Qiang
Published: February 2025

We report what we believe to be a novel circular-clad large-size rectangular core crystalline waveguide Yb:YAG laser. The waveguide has a rectangular core of Yb:YAG with 400 × 400 μm2 and a thin rod-shaped cladding of Er:YAG with a diameter of 1.2 mm and a length of 65 mm. The circular-clad structure has improved the pump absorption efficiency of the waveguide. A concave–convex cavity is designed to overcome the power limitation of thermal lens effect on the large-size rectangular core single-mode waveguide. A waveguide oscillator obtains a 1030 nm laser with an average power of 110 W and a beam quality factor of Mx2×My2 = 1.07 × 1.05, with optical–optical efficiency and slope efficiency of 54% and 67%, respectively. The laser performance is attributed to the double-clad structure and the good thermal management. The results confirm that the waveguide has high potential in power expansion and pulse laser amplification.
HCNetlas: A reference database of human cell type-specific gene networks to aid disease genetic analyses
Authors: Yu Jiwon , Cha Junha , Koh Geon , Lee Insuk
Published: February 2025

Cell type-specific actions of disease genes add a significant layer of complexity to the genetic architecture underlying diseases, obscuring our understanding of disease mechanisms. Single-cell omics have revealed the functional roles of genes at the cellular level, identifying cell types critical for disease progression. Often, a gene impact on disease through its altered network within specific cell types, rather than mere changes in expression levels. To explore the cell type-specific roles of disease genes, we developed HCNetlas (human cell network atlas), a resource cataloging cell type-specific gene networks (CGNs) for various healthy tissue cells. We also devised 3 network analysis methods to investigate cell type-specific functions of disease genes. These methods involve comparing HCNetlas CGNs with those derived from disease-affected tissue samples. These methods find that systemic lupus erythematosus genes predominantly function in myeloid cells, and Alzheimer’s disease genes mainly play roles in inhibitory and excitatory neurons. Additionally, they suggest that many lung cancer-related genes may exert their roles in immune cells. These findings suggest that HCNetlas has the potential to link disease-associated genes to cell types of action, facilitating development of cell type-resolved diagnostics and therapeutic strategies for complex human diseases.
Pathways and processes to adopting or switching to a single-dose HPV vaccination schedule in low- and middle-income countries: a qualitative study
Authors: Roy Sunny , Wysong Megan D. , Rosser Erica N. , Sheth Ishani , Geddes Casey , Limaye Rupali J. , Rosen Joseph G.
Published: February 2025

The World Health Organization (WHO) recently endorsed a single-dose human papillomavirus vaccination (HPVV) schedule, but adoption of the revised immunization schedule has not been uniform, notably in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with outsized cervical cancer burdens. We sought to characterize the sequence of events, as well as actors/institutions involved, that facilitate or impede country-level decision-making related to the HPVV schedule. From September 2023 to February 2024, we conducted 66 semi-structured interviews with national immunization stakeholders from 19 LMICs in Africa and Asia, sampled purposively by the maturity of the HPVV program and HPVV schedule. Using purposive text analysis to synthesize emerging insights from interviews, we qualitatively discerned a sequence of decision-making pathways and processes, including actors involved at each stage of the decision-making continuum, related to adoption or switch to an HPVV single-dose schedule. We identified six key sequential steps LMICs follow when deciding on an HPV dosing schedule. Firstly, the new recommendation emerges where WHO and the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) release new HPV vaccine recommendations. Second, the information is shared with the Ministry of Health (MoH) and Expanded Programme for Immunization (EPI). The MoH is informed, and they convene a National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG) to assess the new HPV vaccine schedule recommendation. Third, there is the review and consideration of evidence. The NITAG reviews evidence on factors like cost-effectiveness, supply chain, disease burden, and anticipated vaccine hesitancy. Fourth, the NITAG deliberates, achieves consensus, and submits a recommendation to the MoH, which endorses the NITAG’s recommendation or requests additional evidence/information before rendering a final decision on the immunization schedule. Fifth and finally, the Interagency Coordination Committee (ICC) reviews the MoH’s recommendation and provides final authorization before changes to the HPV immunization schedule is communicated to Gavi.
Microbubble dynamics in brain microvessels
Authors: Bezer James H. , Prentice Paul , Lim Kee Chang William , Morse Sophie V. , Christensen-Jeffries Kirsten , Rowlands Christopher J. , Kozlov Andriy S. , Choi James J.
Published: February 2025

Focused ultrasound stimulation of microbubbles is being tested in clinical trials for its ability to deliver drugs across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This technique has the potential to treat neurological diseases by preferentially delivering drugs to targeted regions. Yet despite its potential, the physical mechanisms by which microbubbles alter the BBB permeability remain unclear, as direct observations of microbubbles oscillating in brain microvessels have never been previously recorded. The purpose of this study was to reveal how microbubbles respond to ultrasound when within the microvessels of living brain tissue. Microbubbles in acute brain slices acquired from juvenile rats perfused with a concentrated solution of SonoVue® and dye were exposed to ultrasound pulses typically used in BBB disruption (center frequency: 1 MHz, peak-negative pressure: 0.2–1 MPa, pulse length: up to 10 ms) and observed using high-speed microscopy at up to 10 million frames per second. We observed that microbubbles can exert mechanical stresses on a wide region of tissue beyond their initial location and immediate surroundings. A single microbubble can apply mechanical stress to parenchymal tissues several micrometers away from the vessel. Microbubbles can travel at high velocities within the microvessels, extending their influence across tens of micrometers during a single pulse. With longer pulses and higher pressures, microbubbles could penetrate the vessel wall and move through the parenchyma. The probability of extravasation scales approximately with mechanical index, being rare at low pressures, but much more common at a mechanical index ≥ 0.6. These results present the first direct observations of ultrasound-driven microbubbles within brain tissue, and illustrate a range of microbubble behaviors that have the potential to lead to safe drug delivery or tissue damage.
Do xenophobic attitudes influence migrant workers’ regional location choice?
Authors: Buch Tanja , Burkert Carola , Hell Stefan , Niebuhr Annekatrin , Haas Anette
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates whether xenophobic attitudes, as measured by the regional share of votes for right-wing parties and xenophobic violence, affect migrants’ choices of where to live in Germany. We use a unique panel data set for the period 2004 to 2017 and apply fixed effects regression models and instrumental variable estimation to examine the relationship between anti-immigrant attitudes and immigration. Our results indicate that xenophobic attitudes tend to reduce regional labour immigration. However, evidence seems to be more robust for the support of right-wing parties than for xenophobic violence. Regarding heterogeneous effects across skill groups, the findings are ambiguous. While the immigration of skilled workers seems to be more sensitive to xenophobic violence, evidence is more robust for the share of right-wing votes in the case of low-skilled foreign workers. The strength of the adverse effect of anti-immigrant attitudes tends to increase with the local size of the coethnic community.
Global burden of cardiovascular diseases attributable to diet low in seafood omega-3 fatty acids from 1990~2021 and forecasting the future trends: A population-based study
Authors: Mao Qingsong , Tian Xinling , Wang Xingyi , Xu Haitao , Zhang Yunyi , Kong Yuzhe
Published: February 2025

Background

This research investigates the worldwide influence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) associated with low intake of seafood omega-3 fatty acids, based on data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study.

Method

The study evaluated the effects of insufficient seafood omega-3 fatty acid consumption on CVD at international, regional, and country levels. It analyzed variations across different demographics, including age and gender, and explored the relationship between disease burden and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). Additionally, it utilized an ARIMA model to predict the incidence of CVD connected to this dietary deficiency until 2050.

Result

In 2021, diets deficient in seafood omega-3 fatty acids contributed to roughly 737.88 thousand deaths and 17.87 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from CVD, with a noted decrease in this health impact over the period studied. The most substantial effects were seen in the elderly, particularly those aged 75 and above, with males experiencing a higher disease impact. Future forecasts suggest probable declines in disease rates across all SDI areas. However, nations in North Africa and the Middle East are projected to encounter growing difficulties related to CVD stemming from low seafood omega-3 intake by 2030 and 2050.

Conclusion

These results highlight the critical need for preventive strategies against CVD and stress the significance of dietary management.
Decoupled level and flow rate control of a two-tank system in beverage production: A comparative analysis of Fuzzy-PID and GA-PID for minimum time operation
Authors: Kassie Tamiru Demelash , Geremew Mebratu Sintie , Chanie Kassahun Ashagrie
Published: February 2025

Due to the nonlinear characteristics of the valves and the interactions between the controlled variables, designing a control system for coupled tanks is a difficult task. This paper deals with the comparative study between Fuzzy-PID and GA-PID controllers for decoupling level and flow rate control of two tank systems for beverage factories with minimum time optimal operation. In most process control industries, each process requires multiple control variables. Here two input two output (TITO) systems are considered highly interacting multivariable control systems. The decoupling control scheme (Pre-compensator (dynamic) decoupling) is used to reduce the correlation between the controlled and manipulated variables by diagonalizing the system. The two independent SISO systems are further controlled by different controllers so that the system can trace the set point and yield a good time response. Two radically different control approaches are presented and compared for this system’s dynamics, motivated by a desire to provide precise liquid-level control and regulate the flow rate. MATLAB /Simulink model and tuning algorithm (GA) are used for simulation. As the simulation result ensured, the GA-PID controller is the used for the specified system which is based on the transient and steady-state specifications. Quantitatively; the GA-PID controller has 39.167ms rise time, 8.50sec settling time, and -0.393% overshoot; whereas FLC-PID has 118.101ms rise time, 8.65sec settling time, and -0.033% overshoot. But in GA with PID controllers, the external disturbance tolerance capability of the proposed scheme, meaning robustness against external disturbance has a slight difference and FLC-PID has perfectly achieved the robustness. Depending on the result, FLC-PID has more result than GA-PID controller based on the set of specifications. Hence robustness is more important than time performances.
Estimation of true dates of various flowering stages at a centennial scale by applying a Bayesian statistical state space model
Authors: Shin Nagai , Fujiwara Hakuryu , Sugiyama Shinjiro , Morimoto Hiroshi , Saitoh Taku M.
Published: February 2025

Evaluation of long-term detailed cherry flowering phenology is required for a deep understanding of the sensitivity of spring phenology to climate change and its effect on cultural ecosystem services. Neodani Usuzumi-zakura (Cerasus itosakura) is a famous cherry tree in Gifu, Japan. On the basis of detailed decadal flowering phenology information published on the World Wide Web, we estimated the probability distributions of the year-to-year variability of the true dates of first flowering (FFL), first full bloom (FFB), last full bloom (LFB), and last flowering (LFL) from 1924 to 2024 by applying a Bayesian statistical state space model explained by air temperature data. We verified the estimated values against flowering phenology records of the tree from the literature and a private collection. The true dates of FFL and FFB could be explained by means of daily minimum air temperature from 1 December to 28/29 February and that of daily mean air temperature from 1 to 31 March, and those of LFB and LFL by means of daily mean air temperature from 1 to 10 April. Results were similar when we used air temperature data recorded at weather stations both 1 km and 29 km from the tree. These results indicated that our proposed Bayesian statistical state space model can estimate cherry flowering phenology that takes into account centennial-scale air temperature data recorded at a nearby weather station with a coarse temporal resolution.
From anxiety to coping: Understanding psychological distance and coping skills for climate change and COVID-19 in 10–12-year-old children
Authors: Schuitema Geertje , Lacchia Anthea
Published: February 2025

Children worldwide experience climate anxiety, defined as a chronic fear of environmental catastrophe. Following other scholars who sought comparison between the perceived risks and our collective responses with the COVID-19 pandemic, as they can both be considered global crises. Children’s emotional responses, psychological distance and coping strategies to climate change compared and COVID-19 are compared, using a mixed-method longitudinal study among 231 primary school children across the Republic of Ireland. Pre-pandemic and post-lock down data were collected measuring children's emotions through surveys using Likert scales and sketches. Sketching, increasingly recognised as a method for assessing emotional expression, is especially useful when language skills are limited. Results suggest that because climate change was more psychologically distant than COVID-19, it was more difficult for children to effectively use emotional-, meaning-, problem-, and relationship-focused coping strategies to deal with their climate anxiety. One important conclusion of this study is that messages and strategies used to motivate adults to take climate action may increase climate anxiety among young children. Also, relationship-focused coping strategies are underutilised to help children deal with climate anxiety, whilst these were promising coping mechanisms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, creating positive social support and collective action may help young children to cope with climate anxiety.
Language assessment in primary progressive aphasia: Which components should be tested?
Authors: Silva Andressa Aguiar da , Silagi Marcela Lima , Ortiz Karin Zazo
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a dementia syndrome whose onset and course manifests with language deficits. There is a lack of instruments for clinical assessment of language in dementia and further research in the area is needed. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to identify language tasks that can aid the process of clinically diagnosing PPA and to determine those tasks most impaired in this population.

Method

A sample of 87 individuals comprising 2 groups was assessed: a PPA group (PPAG) of 29 PPA patients; and a control group (CG) of 58 healthy subjects matched for age and education. All participants underwent a brief cognitive battery followed by a comprehensive language assessment using the MTL-BR Battery.

Results

A statistically significant performance difference was found between the PPAG and CG on the following tasks: structured interview, oral comprehension of phrases, oral narrative discourse, written comprehension of phrases, written dictation, sentence repetition, semantic verbal fluency, oral naming of nouns and verbs, object manipulation, phonological verbal fluency, body part recognition and left-right orientation, written naming of nouns, oral text comprehension, number dictation, written narrative discourse, written text comprehension and numerical calculations (mental and written).

Conclusion

The results revealed that performance of PPA patients was poorer compared to healthy subjects on various language tasks. The most useful subtests from the MTL-BR battery for aiding clinical diagnosis of PPA were identified, tasks which should be prioritized when assessing this patient group.