bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Florística e estrutura da vegetação arbustivo-arbórea em uma área de cerrado rupestre no parque estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas, Goiás
Authors: Lima Thaís Almeida , Pinto José Roberto Rodrigues , Lenza Eddie , Pinto Alexandre de Siqueira
Published: September 2010

O cerrado sentido restrito é a fitofisionomia predominante do bioma Cerrado, ocupando grandes extensões do Planalto Central brasileiro. Quando essa vegetação se desenvolve sobre Neossolos Litólicos recebe a denominação de cerrado rupestre. O conhecimento sobre as comunidades arbustivo-arbóreas deste subtipo fitofisionômico do Cerrado é muito limitado. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a composição florística e a estrutura da vegetação arbustivo-arbórea em uma área de cerrado rupestre localizada no Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas (PESCAN), Goiás, Brasil e comparar suas características florísticas e estruturais com aquelas de outras áreas de cerrado sentido restrito localizadas no Brasil Central. Foram amostrados todos os indivíduos com diâmetro a 30 cm do solo > 5 cm, presentes em 10 parcelas aleatórias de 20 × 50 m. A riqueza florística registrada foi de 66 espécies, distribuídas em 53 gêneros e 31 famílias botânicas. A vegetação estudada tem características florísticas e estruturais semelhantes àquelas registradas em outras áreas de cerrado sentido restrito sobre solos profundos, porém, com a presença de algumas espécies típicas de cerrado rupestre, como Schwartzia adamantium (Cambess.) Gir.-Cañas e Wunderlichia mirabilis Riedel ex Baker e algumas raras para o bioma, por exemplo, Peltogyne confertiflora (Mart. ex Hayne) Benth., Myrcia canescens O. Berg e Myrcia variabilis DC. A área basal encontrada foi relativamente elevada (12,39 m².ha-1) devido à alta densidade de indivíduos (1.357 ind.ha-1), bem como a abundância de indivíduos de grande porte, de espécies como Sclerolobium paniculatum Vogel, Pterodon pubescens (Benth.) Benth., S. adamantium e P. confertiflora. Dessa forma, o substrato raso sob o cerrado rupestre do PESCAN, não limitou o desenvolvimento da vegetação arbustivo-arbórea, nem condicionou o estabelecimento de uma flora diferenciada. No entanto, a elevada importância estrutural de poucas espécies lenhosas típicas e adaptadas aos ambientes rupestres garante certa peculiaridade florística à comunidade estudada.
Deep-water Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from off Chile in the Eastern South Pacific
Authors: Manso Cynthia Lara de Castro
Published: September 2010

The ophiuroids collected during the Oceanographic Expedition PUCK (SONNE-156) in 2001, in the framework of the project "Interactions between productivity and environment along the Chilean continental shelf" were analyzed. Eight samples had ophiuroids; Fifteen species were distributed in the following families: Gorgonocephalidae (2), Asteronychidae (2), Ophiomyxidae (1), Ophiacanthidae (2), Ophiuridae (5), Amphiuridae (1), and Ophiolepididae (2). Four species were recorded for the first time from Chilean waters, i.e., Asteronyx loveni Müller & Troschel, Astrodia tenuispina Verrill, Ophiolimna bairdi (Lyman), and Ophiocten amitinum Lyman, and three are new, i.e., Ophiura (Ophiuroglypha) arntzi sp. nov., Amphiophiura gallardoi sp. nov., and Stegophiura wilhelmi sp. nov.
Snake assemblage of Estação Ecológica de Santa Bárbara, SP: a Cerrado remnant in Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Araujo Cybele de Oliveira , Corrêa Filho Décio Tadeu , Sawaya Ricardo Jannini
Published: September 2010

Despite the great extension of the Cerrado and its importance for biodiversity conservation, there are still sampling gaps in this region that has shown conspicuous changes over the years due to the conversion of natural areas into pastures and plantations. Around 88.5% of the Cerrado areas in the State of the São Paulo were cleared in the last four decades and less than 0.81% of the original Cerrado vegetation remains as pristine habitats, although these areas once covered 14% of the state. We present the list of snakes that occur in the Estação Ecológica de Santa Bárbara, a remnant of Cerrado in the State of São Paulo, in addition to information on the abundance and distribution of species in the various habitats found at this location. The survey was conducted between October 2008 and March 2009 during six monthly field trips of five days each, totaling 30 sampling days. Surveys were conducted using incidental encounters (IE) and pitfall traps (PT). We recorded a total of 21 species belonging to 15 genera and six families. All species and individuals captured (18 species; 49 individuals) were found in open Cerrado formations. No individual was observed in the sampled forest habitats (cerradão and dry forest). Forested habitats occupy a relatively small portion of this protected area (12.6%). However, the higher species richness in open habitats may not be a result of limited local coverage of forests. The higher richness in interfluvial open habitats has also been recorded in other Cerrado areas. This survey is an important contribution towards enhancing our knowledge about the snake assemblage in the highly threatened Cerrado of São Paulo State. Hence, these last protected remnants in the state that still house significant areas of open Cerrado formations, such as the Estação Ecológica de Santa Bárbara, although reduced, are extremely important for the conservation of reptiles in the State of São Paulo, in Southeastern Brazil, and in the Cerrado region.
Assembléias de peixes associados às macrófitas aquáticas em ambientes alagáveis do Pantanal de Poconé, MT, Brasil
Authors: Milani Valéria , Machado Francisco de Arruda , Silva Veviane Cristina Ferreira e
Published: September 2010

Este estudo avaliou a composição, riqueza e a biomassa das assembléias de peixes associadas às macrófitas aquáticas em ambientes temporários do Pantanal de Poconé - MT. A coleta foi realizada em abril de 2008, em cinco caixas de empréstimo e cinco locais na baía do Coqueiro, por meio de rede de cerco, em três pontos dentro de cada local. Foram capturados 9646 exemplares, distribuídos em sete ordens, 17 famílias e 59 espécies. A comunidade de peixes foi composta principalmente por espécies de pequeno porte (Characidae) e alguns juvenis de espécies de médio porte (Erythrinidae e Gymnotidae). Poucas espécies foram muito abundantes, algumas apresentaram abundância intermediária e a maioria apresentou baixa abundância. A análise de similaridade (Anosim) mostrou que não existe diferença na composição de espécies entre os ambientes. A riqueza de espécie e a biomassa dos peixes também não diferiram espacialmente. Desta forma, nossos resultados sugerem que a similaridade da ictiofauna é uma conseqüência da inundação, uma vez que esta permite a homogeneização das características abióticas e amplia a área de distribuição dos peixes. Este fato aparenta ser de grande importância para estes pequenos peixes, considerando que muitas espécies necessitam de lugares específicos em determinados estágios, como, por exemplo, esses ambientes temporários que podem servir de refúgio. Este aspecto pode garantir a sobrevivência de muitos indivíduos até atingirem uma fase da vida em que a predação sobre si diminui consideravelmente.
Diversidad de aves en el humedal Pantanos de Villa, Lima, Perú: periodo 2004-2007
Authors: Iannacone José , Atasi Mary , Bocanegra Thalia , Camacho Marlene , Montes Angel , Santos Sabino , Zuñiga Hellen , Alayo Marianella
Published: September 2010

Se documenta la riqueza de aves del refugio de vida silvestre Pantanos de Villa, Chorrillos, Lima, Perú aperiódicamente entre noviembre del 2004 a agosto del 2007 mediante 10 censos por detección visual. La riqueza avifaunistica fue de 58 especies, pertenecientes a 47 géneros y 26 familias y 12 órdenes. Los estimadores Jacknife de primer orden, de segundo orden y Chao-1 de la riqueza de especies indican que pueden registrarse al menos 25, 43 y 56 especies más y que se logró detectar el 69,8, 57,4 y 50,8%, respectivamente de las especies posibles a ocurrir en la zona de estudio. La mayor riqueza de especies se encontró en agosto del 2006 y el mayor valor del Índice de Shannon se encontró en septiembre del 2006. Los censos de noviembre del 2004, marzo del 2005 y junio del 2007 presentaron las más bajas similaridades de especies de aves según los índices de Morisita-Horn y de Sörensen. Por su estacionalidad, 36 especies son residentes, 6 son migratorias locales, 3 son migratorias andinas y 16 son migratorias continentales. De las especies registradas 2 se encuentran en peligro, 1 es vulnerable y 1 en casi amenazado. Las especies más frecuentes y abundantes fueron ocho: Phalacrocorax brasilianus (Humboldt, 1805) (Phalacrocoracidae) (20,3%), Leucophaeus pipixcans (Wagler, 1831) (Laridae) (14,9%) Egretta thula (Molina, 1782) (Ardeidae) (12,7%), Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus (Vieollot, 1818) (Laridae) (9,8%), Ardea alba (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ardeidae) (5,6%), Fulica ardesiaca (Linnaeus, 1758) (Rallidae) (4,5%), Coragyps atratus (Beichstein, 1793) (Cathartidae) (3,7%) y Gallinula chloropus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Rallidae) (2,5%) que representan el 74% de la diversidad total de aves.
DNA barcoding and traditional taxonomy unified through Integrative Taxonomy: a view that challenges the debate questioning both methodologies
Authors: Pires Amanda Ciprandi , Marinoni Luciane
Published: September 2010

The taxonomic crisis, emphasized in recent years, is marked by the lack of popularity (lack of interest in taxonomy) and financial incentives to study biodiversity. This situation, coupled with the issues involved with the necessity of knowing many yet undiscovered species, has meant that new technologies, including the use of DNA, have emerged to revitalize taxonomy. Part of the scientific community, however, has rejected the use of these innovative ideas. DNA barcoding has especially been the target of numerous criticisms regarding its application, as opposed to the use of morphology. This paper aims to highlight the inconsistency of the debate involving DNA versus morphology, since there is a proposal for the integration of traditional taxonomy and DNA barcoding - the integrative taxonomy. The positive and negative points of this proposal will be discussed, as well as its validity and application. From it, the importance of morphology is recognized and the revitalization of traditional taxonomy is achieved by the addition of technologies to overcome the taxonomic impediment.
Scent-robbing and fighting among male orchid bees, Eulaema (Apeulaema) nigrita Lepeletier, 1841 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini)
Authors: Carvalho Filho Fernando da Silva
Published: September 2010

Male Neotropical orchid bees (Euglossini) collect volatile chemicals from floral and non-floral sources and store then in specialized hind tibial structures. The ultimate causes of euglossine fragrance collection remain a mystery. Recent evidence suggests that odoriferous substances play a role in euglossine courtship and serve as indicator of male genetic quality. Males of Eulaema nigrita were observed robbing scents from the detached hind legs of a conspecific male E. nigrita in Belém, Brazil. The hind leg seemed to have been detached during fights between males, since one male was missing a hind leg where the observation was made. This behavior appears to be common among males of E. nigrita since more than one case was observed on the same day. The observation reported here shows that males of E. nigrita with tibiae filled with fragrances are attacked by conspecific males that attempt to steal it.
Aspectos comportamentais associados às reações do mercado de capitais
Authors: Kimura Herbert
Published: September 2010

Neste artigo, serão apresentados os fundamentos, as evidências empíricas e os modelos alternativos de finanças comportamentais que buscam identificar reações dos mercados potencialmente influenciadas pela psicologia do investidor. Será implementada uma metodologia de avaliação quantitativa de reações anormais de preço para investigação da viabilidade de estratégias contrárias e de momento no caso específico de ativos do mercado de capitais brasileiro. Os resultados sugerem, quando não são considerados ajustes pelo nível de risco, a existência da influência de aspectos comportamentais no mercado. Esta influência está refletida na rentabilidade superior das estratégias de momento em horizontes de treze a quinze semanas após os investimentos, ao nível de significância de 5%. Porém, quando se realiza ajuste de retornos pelo risco sistemático, os resultados não permitem rejeitar a hipótese de eficiência da carteira de mercado e, desta forma, estratégias contrárias ou de momento não possibilitam ganhos estatisticamente significantes.
Uma análise crítica da direção da causalidade no balanced scorecard
Authors: Basso Leonardo Fernando Cruz , Pace Eduardo Sérgio Ulrich
Published: September 2010

Este artigo trata da crescente importância do uso de medidas não financeiras em sistemas de mensuração de desempenho empresarial e avalia as aplicações apresentadas na abordagem contida no balanced scorecard. O alinhamento das medidas numa relação de causa e efeito é apontado como condição essencial para a construção daquele instrumento e para o reconhecimento das medidas não financeiras como direcionadoras de desempenho e de criação de valor. A não verificação daquela relação leva à aceitação de indicadores inadequados e a uma disfunção organizacional. A fundamentação teórica utilizada neste artigo advoga a não existência de uma relação de causa e efeito quando são utilizados critérios científicos para constatar a causalidade. Neste artigo propõe-se, também, que formulações estratégicas e medidas de desempenho sejam consideradas processos paralelos e interativos e, finalmente, são discutidos e apresentados novos critérios para relacioná-las, concluindo-se por uma relação de dupla afetação.
Tratamento endovascular de hemorragia secundária a lesão da artéria esplênica na pancreatite aguda: relato de caso
Authors: Machado Alexandre de Tarso , Procópio Ricardo Jayme , Neves Franco Antônio Cordeiro , Santos Giovanni Menezes , Girundi Marcelo Gomes , Afonso Cristina Toledo , Navarro Tulio Pinho
Published: September 2010

A lesão arterial esplênica é uma rara complicação relacionada a situações como trauma, lesão iatrogênica e pancreatite. Hemostasia pode ser feita por identificação do foco do sangramento através de cateterismo seletivo seguido por embolização do ramo sangrante. Relata-se caso clínico de um paciente portador de pancreatite biliar que apresentou, durante procedimento de necrosectomia, hemorragia decorrente da ruptura da artéria esplênica, sendo, então, tratado com sucesso por embolização supersseletiva.
Study of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean mixing layer using a one-dimensional turbulence model
Authors: Skielka Udo Tersiano , Soares Jacyra , Oliveira Amauri Pereira de
Published: September 2010

The General Ocean Turbulence Model (GOTM) is applied to the diagnostic turbulence field of the mixing layer (ML) over the equatorial region of the Atlantic Ocean. Two situations were investigated: rainy and dry seasons, defined, respectively, by the presence of the intertropical convergence zone and by its northward displacement. Simulations were carried out using data from a PIRATA buoy located on the equator at 23º W to compute surface turbulent fluxes and from the NASA/GEWEX Surface Radiation Budget Project to close the surface radiation balance. A data assimilation scheme was used as a surrogate for the physical effects not present in the one-dimensional model. In the rainy season, results show that the ML is shallower due to the weaker surface stress and stronger stable stratification; the maximum ML depth reached during this season is around 15 m, with an averaged diurnal variation of 7 m depth. In the dry season, the stronger surface stress and the enhanced surface heat balance components enable higher mechanical production of turbulent kinetic energy and, at night, the buoyancy acts also enhancing turbulence in the first meters of depth, characterizing a deeper ML, reaching around 60 m and presenting an average diurnal variation of 30 m.
Acute and chronic toxicity of sediment samples from Guanabara Bay (RJ) during the rainy period
Authors: Maranho Luciane Alves , Abreu Ilene Matanó , Santelli Ricardo Erthal , Cordeiro Renato Campelo , Soares-Gomes Abílio , Moreira Lucas Buruaem , Morais Rodofley Davino , Abessa Denis Moledo de Sousa
Published: September 2010

Guanabara Bay is a marine-estuarine environment of high ecological and socio-economic importance, subject to a variety of environmental impacts. Sediment is the eventual repository for most substances introduced into water bodies and may, therefore, provide an integrated measure of the environmental quality, which can be assessed by many different approaches. In this project, the quality of sediments from Guanabara Bay was evaluated by the ecotoxicological approach: whole-sediment toxicity tests, using Tiburonella viscana, and porewater, elutriate and sediment-water interface chronic toxicity tests, using embryos of Lytechinus variegatus, were applied. Sediments were collected at 14 sampling stations, distributed across the bay. Chronic tests showed significant toxicity in most of the sediment samples. Sediments from stations 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12 and 15 showed acute toxicity as well. The results of the different tests were well correlated, and their integration showed that the sediments analyzed were considered unsuitable for aquatic life, resulting in the environmental degradation of Guanabara Bay. In this context, the control of pollution sources and multi-purpose management are required to improve the environmental quality.
Relation between Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient and Power Input per Unit Volume for Converging-Diverging Tube Airlift Fermenter
Authors: Ghosh Tapan K , Bhattacharyya Bimal C
Published: September 2010

A conventional external loop uniform tube airlift fermenter (UT-ALF) was modified to improve its performance. The riser part was replaced by a converging- diverging tube. The newly developed reactor system is named a converging-diverging tube airlift fermenter (CDTALF). The modified bioreactor (CDTALF) provides a unique hydrodynamic characteristic. Empirical correlation was developed to determine KLa with respect to power input per unit volume. The modified system (CDT-ALF) shows 250% higher KLa compared to conventional one.
Health Risk, Income, and Employment-Based Health Insurance
Authors: Bundorf M. Kate , Herring Bradley , Pauly Mark V.
Published: September 2010

While many believe that an individuals health plays an important role in both their willingness and ability to obtain health insurance in the employment-based setting, relatively little agreement exists on the extent to which health status affects coverage rates, particularly for those with lower incomes. In this paper, we examine the relationship between health risk and the purchase of group health insurance and whether that relationship differs by a persons income and whether they obtain coverage in the small, medium, or large group market. Using the panel component of the 1996-2002 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), we find that health risk is positively associated with private health insurance across the different markets, and that this positive relationship is stronger for low and middle income people, particularly in the large group market. Our results are consistent with the existence of adverse selection in the group market in the form of low rates of coverage among low risks due to an absence of risk rating of premiums. We conclude that pooled premiums for low risks, particularly those with low incomes, may represent a more important financial barrier to coverage in voluntary group insurance than high premiums for high risks.
Laser induced forward transfer of conducting polymers
Authors: Kandyla M. , Chatzandroulis S. , Zergioti I.
Published: September 2010

We report on laser printing of conducting polymers directly from the solid phase. Laser induced forward transfer is employed to deposit P3HT:PCBM films on glass/ITO/PEDOT:PSS substrates. P3HT:PCBM is widely used as the active material in organic solar cells. Polyaniline films, which are also printed by laser induced forward transfer, find many applications in the field of biotechnology. Laser printing parameters are optimized and results are presented. To apply solid-phase laser printing, P3HT:PCBM films are spun cast on quartz substrates, while aniline is in-situ polymerized on quartz substrates.
Absorption loss influence on optical characteristics of multilayer distributed Bragg reflector: wavelength-scale analysis by the method of single expression
Authors: Baghdasaryan H.V. , Knyazyan T.M. , Baghdasaryan T.H. , Witzigmann B. , Roemer F.
Published: September 2010

Electrodynamical model of a classical distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) consisting of alternating quarter-wave layers of high and low permittivity is considered at the plane wave normal incidence. Reflective characteristics of DBR possessing absorption loss in constituting layers are analysed via correct wavelength-scale boundary problem solution by the method of single expression (MSE). Analysis of optical field and power flow density distributions within the lossy DBR structures explained the peculiarities of their reflective characteristics. Optimal configurations of lossless and lossy DBRs are revealed. Specific DBR structures possessing full transparency at definite number of layers are also analysed.
The Impact of Managers on Successful ERP Implementation
Authors: Ravnikar Franc
Published: September 2010

The Impact of Managers on Successful ERP Implementation

Lately, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has been implemented in public organizations and organizations without competition in the marketplace. It is the ERP system that is almost as badly needed for the competitiveness and success of those organizations in the marketplace. The main reason lies in the fact that operating costs have to be reduced and the optimization of business processes is an option which nowadays is normally implemented together with new ERP. The success rate of ERP implementation remains very low with up to a 90% failure rate, as it is quoted in a lot of researches. Critical success factors (CSF) which influence successful ERP implementation are identical in all organizations. The main goal of this research is to find out the managers' impact on the critical success factors and thus their impact on the successful ERP implementation. Top management support is the most important critical success factor for successful ERP implementation, regardless of the fact whether the organization is on the market or not.
Effectiveness of a Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Self-Help Intervention for Binge Eating Disorder
Authors: Pruessner Luise , Timm Christina , Barnow Sven , Rubel Julian A. , Lalk Christopher , Hartmann Steffen
Published: May 2024

Importance

Binge eating disorder (BED) is one of the most frequent eating pathologies and imposes substantial emotional and physical distress, yet insufficient health care resources limit access to specialized treatment. Web-based self-help interventions emerge as a promising solution, offering more accessible care.

Objective

To examine the effectiveness of a web-based cognitive behavioral self-help intervention for individuals with BED.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This 2-arm, parallel-group randomized clinical trial conducted from January 15, 2021, to August 3, 2022, in Germany and other German-speaking countries enrolled patients aged 18 to 65 years who met the diagnostic criteria for BED (according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [Fifth Edition]). Data analysis occurred between January 27 and September 4, 2023, following our statistical analysis plan.

Interventions

Participants were randomized to a web-based self-help intervention or a waiting-list control condition.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was a change in objective binge eating episodes from baseline to after treatment. Secondary outcomes included global eating pathology, clinical impairment, work capacity, well-being, comorbid psychopathology, self-esteem, and emotion regulation.

Results

A total of 1602 patients were screened, of whom 154 (mean [SD] age, 35.93 [10.59] years; 148 female [96.10%]) fulfilled the criteria for BED and were randomized (77 each to the intervention and control groups). The web-based intervention led to significant improvements in binge eating episodes (Cohen d, −0.79 [95% CI, −1.17 to −0.42]; P < .001), global eating psychopathology (Cohen d, −0.71 [95% CI, −1.07 to −0.35]; P < .001), weekly binge eating (Cohen d, −0.49 [95% CI, −0.74 to −0.24]; P < .001), clinical impairment (Cohen d, −0.75 [95% CI, −1.13 to −0.37]; P < .001), well-being (Cohen d, 0.38 [95% CI, 0.01 to 0.75]; P = .047), depression (Cohen d, −0.49 [95% CI, −0.86 to −0.12]; P = .01), anxiety (Cohen d, −0.37 [95% CI, −0.67 to −0.07]; P = .02), self-esteem (Cohen d, 0.36 [95% CI, 0.13 to 0.59]; P = .003), and emotion regulation (difficulties: Cohen d, −0.36 [95% CI, −0.65 to −0.07]; P = .01 and repertoire: Cohen d, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.19 to 0.84]; P = .003).

Conclusion and Relevance

In this randomized clinical trial of a web-based self-help intervention for patients with BED, the findings confirmed its effectiveness in reducing binge eating episodes and improving various mental health outcomes, highlighting a scalable solution to bridge the treatment gap for this condition.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04876183
Tissue Loss During Eye Bank Processing
Authors: Naranjo Andrea , Clover Jameson , Chamberlain Winston , Stoeger Christopher G. , Lin Charles C. , Rose-Nussbaumer Jennifer
Published: May 2024

This comparative effectiveness research study assesses the rate of tissue loss in ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty grafts vs descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty grafts during eye bank processing.
Glutathione S‐transferase omega class 1 (GSTO1)‐associated large extracellular vesicles are involved in tumor‐associated macrophage‐mediated cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer
Authors: Pan Yi‐Cheng , Chu Pei‐Yi , Lin Ching‐Chan , Hsieh Ching‐Yun , Hsu Wei‐Yu , Shyur Lie‐Fen , Yang Juan‐Cheng , Chang Wei‐Chao , Wu Yang‐Chang
Published: May 2024

Bladder cancer poses a significant challenge to chemotherapy due to its resistance to cisplatin, especially at advanced stages. Understanding the mechanisms behind cisplatin resistance is crucial for improving cancer therapy. The enzyme glutathione S‐transferase omega class 1 (GSTO1) is known to be involved in cisplatin resistance in colon cancer. This study focused on its role in cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer. Our analysis of protein expression in bladder cancer cells stimulated by secretions from tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) showed a significant increase in GSTO1. This prompted further investigation into the role of GSTO1 in bladder cancer. We found a strong correlation between GSTO1 expression and cisplatin resistance. Mechanistically, GSTO1 triggered the release of large extracellular vesicles (EVs) that promoted cisplatin efflux, thereby reducing cisplatin–DNA adduct formation and enhancing cisplatin resistance. Inhibition of EV release effectively counteracted the cisplatin resistance associated with GSTO1. In conclusion, GSTO1‐mediated EV release may contribute to cisplatin resistance caused by TAMs in bladder cancer. Strategies to target GSTO1 could potentially improve the efficacy of cisplatin in treating bladder cancer.
Data‐driven forecasting of ship motions in waves using machine learning and dynamic mode decomposition
Authors: Diez Matteo , Gaggero Mauro , Serani Andrea
Published: May 2024

Data‐driven forecasting of ship motions in waves is investigated through feedforward and recurrent neural networks as well as dynamic mode decomposition. The goal is to predict future ship motion variables based on past data collected on the field, using equation‐free approaches. Numerical results in two case studies involving the course‐keeping of a naval destroyer in a high sea state using simulation data at model scale are presented. The proposed methods reveal successful in predicting ship motions both in short‐term and medium‐term perspectives with accuracy and reduced computational effort, thus enabling further advances in the identification, control, and optimization of ships operating in waves.
Covalent Attachment of Horseradish Peroxidase to Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Hydrogen Peroxide Detection
Authors: Ledesma Francis , Nishitani Shoichi , Cunningham Francis J. , Hubbard Joshua D. , Yim Dabin , Lui Alison , Chio Linda , Murali Aishwarya , Landry Markita P.
Published: May 2024

Single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are desirable nanoparticles for sensing biological analytes due to their photostability and intrinsic near‐infrared fluorescence. Previous strategies for generating SWCNT nanosensors have leveraged nonspecific adsorption of sensing modalities to the hydrophobic SWCNT surface that often require engineering new molecular recognition elements. An attractive alternate strategy is to leverage pre‐existing molecular recognition of proteins for analyte specificity, yet attaching proteins to SWCNT for nanosensor generation remains challenging. Toward this end, a generalizable platform is introduced to generate protein‐SWCNT‐based optical sensors and use this strategy to synthesize a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) nanosensor by covalently attaching horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to the SWCNT surface. A concentration‐dependent response is demonstrated to H2O2, confirming the nanosensor can image H2O2 in real‐time, and assess the nanosensor's selectivity for H2O2 against a panel of biologically relevant analytes. Taken together, these results demonstrate successful covalent attachment of enzymes to SWCNTs while preserving both intrinsic SWCNT fluorescence and enzyme function. It is anticipated this platform can be adapted to covalently attach other proteins of interest including other enzymes for sensing or antibodies for targeted imaging and cargo delivery.
Highly Biocompatible Composites as Cigarette Smoke Purifiers for Free Radical Scavenging and Pungent Odor Masking
Authors: Guo Zining , Shen Ruling , Chen Yanjuan , Huo Yujia , Li Jia , Zhou Lulu , Hu Jing
Published: May 2024

The modification of cigarette filters with nanozymes has gradually emerged as a promising strategy for reducing the harmful effects of smoking by eliminating excessive harmful free radicals and remediating oxidative stress‐induced pulmonary injury. However, currently, available nanozymes‐integrated filters usually ignore safety concerns and fail to address the pungent odor of smoke, making it challenging to develop an individual system with high safety and effectiveness while considering these important factors. Herein, a novel smoke purifier (CDs/ME@MOF) is developed by alternatively introducing carbon dots nanozymes with excellent free radicals scavenging activity and Menthone masking the miscellaneous gas into a biocompatible γ‐cyclodextrin‐based metal–organic framework. The CDs/ME@MOF can act as a profitable additive incorporated with cigarette filters to achieve over 90% scavenging efficiency for cigarette smoke radicals and reduce the odor irritation. In the mice model, the CDs/ME@MOF composites demonstrated the significant inflammation suppression, antioxidant levels promotion, and notable lung tissues protection effect through elimination of free radicals. This work highlights the potential of CDs/ME@MOF as a safe, environmentally friendly, and multipurpose additive for modifying cigarette filter.
β‐Ketoenamine‐Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks Synthesized via Gel‐to‐Gel Monomer Exchange Reaction: From Aerogel Monoliths to Electrodes for Supercapacitors
Authors: Martín‐Illán Jesús Á. , Sierra Laura , Guillem‐Navajas Ana , Suárez José Antonio , Royuela Sergio , Rodríguez‐San‐Miguel David , Maspoch Daniel , Ocón Pilar , Zamora Félix
Published: May 2024

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) possess intrinsic nanoscale pores, limiting mass transport and impacting their utility in many applications, such as catalysis, supercapacitors, and gas storage, demanding efficient diffusion throughout the material. Hierarchical porous structures, integrating larger macropores with inherent micro‐/meso‐pores, facilitate rapid mass transport. Recently, the fabrication of aerogel monoliths is reported exclusively from imine‐linked COFs, offering flexibility in aerogel composition. However, challenges in synthesizing robust β‐ketoenamine‐based COFs with comparable surface areas prompted innovative synthetic approaches. Leveraging the dynamic nature of COF bonds, in this work efficient monomer exchange from imine to partially β‐ketoenamine‐linked COFs within the gel phase is demonstrated. These aerogels can be transformed into electrodes using the compression technique. The new flexible electrodes‐based β‐ketoenamine‐linked COF composites with C super P exhibit superior durability and redox activity. Through supercapacitor assembly, the β‐ketoenamine‐linked COF electrodes outperform their imine‐based counterparts, showcasing enhanced capacitance (88 mF cm−2) and stability at high current densities (2.0 mA cm−2). These findings underscore the promise of β‐ketoenamine‐linked COFs for pseudocapacitor energy storage applications.
Solvent‐Independent 3D Printing of Organogels
Authors: Kuzina Mariia A. , Hoffmann Maxi , Mandsberg Nikolaj K. , Domínguez Carmen M. , Niemeyer Christof M. , Wilhelm Manfred , Levkin Pavel A.
Published: May 2024

Organogels are polymer networks extended by a liquid organic phase, offering a wide range of properties due to the many combinations of polymer networks, solvents, and shapes achievable through 3D printing. However, current printing methods limit solvent choice and composition, which in turn limits organogels' properties, applications, and potential for innovation. As a solution, a method for solvent‐independent printing of 3D organogel structures is presented. In this method, the printing step is decoupled from the choice of solvent, allowing access to the full spectrum of solvent diversity, thereby significantly expanding the range of achievable properties in organogel structures. With no changes to the polymer network, the 3D geometry, or the printing methodology itself, the choice of solvent alone is shown to have an enormous impact on organogel properties. As demonstrated, it can modulate the thermo‐mechanical properties of the organogels, both shifting and extending their thermal stability range to span from ‐30 to over 100 °C. The choice of solvent can also transition the organogels from highly adhesive to extremely slippery. Finally, the method also improves the surface smoothness of prints. Such advances have potential applications in soft robotics, actuators, and sensors, and represent a versatile approach to expanding the functionality of 3D‐printed organogels.
Novel TMDC/Si Heterojunction Based Direct Current UV Sensitive Tribovoltaic Nanogenerator and Visual‐Image Sensors
Authors: Bhattacharya Didhiti , Mukherjee Shubhrasish , Chowdhury Avijit , Ray Samit Kumar
Published: May 2024

Triboelectric nanogenerators have recently gained enormous attention as a low‐cost method for converting abundant mechanical energy into electricity. Here, a continuous direct current (DC) output from a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is achieved using two dimensional (2D)‐WS2/Si heterojunctions, without any need for a rectifier circuit element. At the interface of the p–Si and n–WS2 heterojunction, the “Tribo‐photovoltaic effect” is observed, responsible for the generation of direct tribo‐outputs. The demonstrated multifunctional DC‐TENG with remarkable performance can concurrently convert mechanical and photonic energy into an electrical one. In comparison to dark conditions, the device's output performance is enhanced under UV illumination (365 nm, 1022 µW cm−2), and the exhibited output voltage (10.75 V) and current (466 nA) are higher by a factor of 3.9 and 2.4, with excellent power harvesting ability and outstanding robustness. This versatile DC‐TENG is demonstrated to be an attractive platform for high‐performance vision sensors and UV detection, which has significant implications for the rapid development of self‐powered portable sensing and IoT devices based on Si CMOS technology.
Bifunctional Piezo‐Enhanced PLLA/ZA Coating Prevents Aseptic Loosening of Bone Implants
Authors: Cui Xi , Shan Yizhu , Li Jiaxuan , Xiao Meng , Xi Yuan , Ji Jianying , Wang Engui , Zhang Baokun , Xu Lingling , Zhang Mingzhu , Li Zhou , Zhang Yingzi
Published: May 2024

Prevention of aseptic loosening, the main reason for secondary surgery of bone implants, is of great crucial clinical importance. As a promising bioactive material to promote bone regeneration, the piezoelectric materials for preventing aseptic loosening has not been reported. Here, a surface coating is presented for implants based on piezoelectric poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA). The coating ingeniously utilizes zoledronic acid (ZA), a drug used to treat osteoporosis, as a nucleating agent to enhance the piezoelectricity of PLLA. The coating can not only provide a continuous porous piezoelectric environment to stimulate osteogenic differentiation without intervention, but also effectively inhibit the osteolytic activity of osteoclasts through the slow release of ZA, achieving long‐term effectiveness with a single implantation. The rat femur cavity implantation experiment suggests that, the PLLA/ZA coating can rapidly initiate osseointegration of the implant and effectively mitigate the risk of aseptic loosening, even in the presence of metal submicroscopic particles that induce aseptic loosening. This strategy of piezo‐enhanced PLLA drug‐loaded coating may provide a new idea for the surface modification of bone implants.
Wearable Aptalyzer Integrates Microneedle and Electrochemical Sensing for In Vivo Monitoring of Glucose and Lactate in Live Animals
Authors: Bakhshandeh Fatemeh , Zheng Hanjia , Barra Nicole G. , Sadeghzadeh Sadegh , Ausri Irfani , Sen Payel , Keyvani Fatemeh , Rahman Fasih , Quadrilatero Joe , Liu Juewen , Schertzer Jonathan D. , Soleymani Leyla , Poudineh Mahla
Published: May 2024

Continuous monitoring of clinically relevant biomarkers within the interstitial fluid (ISF) using microneedle (MN)‐based assays, has the potential to transform healthcare. This study introduces the Wearable Aptalyzer, an integrated system fabricated by combining biocompatible hydrogel MN arrays for ISF extraction with an electrochemical aptamer‐based biosensor for in situ monitoring of blood analytes. The use of aptamers enables continuous monitoring of a wide range of analytes, beyond what is possible with enzymatic monitoring. The Wearable Aptalyzer is used for real‐time and multiplexed monitoring of glucose and lactate in ISF. Validation experiments using live mice and rat models of type 1 diabetes demonstrate strong correlation between the measurements collected from the Wearable Aptalyzer in ISF and those obtained from gold‐standard techniques for blood glucose and lactate, for each analyte alone and in combination. The Wearable Aptalyzer effectively addresses the limitations inherent in enzymatic detection methods as well as solid MN biosensors and the need for reliable and multiplexed bioanalytical monitoring in vivo.
Deterministic Fabrication and Quantum‐Well Modulation of Phase‐Pure 2D Perovskite Heterostructures for Encrypted Light Communication
Authors: Hong Enliu , Li Ziqing , Zhang Xinyu , Fan Xueshuo , Fang Xiaosheng
Published: May 2024

Deterministic integration of phase‐pure Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskites has great significance for realizing functional optoelectronic devices. However, precise fabrications of artificial perovskite heterostructures with pristine interfaces and rational design over electronic structure configurations remain a challenge. Here, the controllable synthesis of large‐area ultrathin single‐crystalline RP perovskite nanosheets and the deterministic fabrication of arbitrary 2D vertical perovskite heterostructures are reported. The 2D heterostructures exhibit intriguing dual‐peak emission phenomenon and dual‐band photoresponse characteristic. Importantly, the interlayer energy transfer behaviors from wide‐bandgap component to narrow‐bandgap component modulated by comprising quantum wells are thoroughly revealed. Functional nanoscale photodetectors are further constructed based on the 2D heterostructures. Moreover, by combining the modulated dual‐band photoresponse characteristic with double‐beam irradiation modes, and introducing an encryption algorithm mechanism, a light communication system with high security and reliability is achieved. This work can greatly promote the development of heterogeneous integration technologies of 2D perovskites, and could provide a competitive candidate for advanced integrated optoelectronics.
Solvent‐Responsive Nonporous Adaptive Crystals Derived from Pyridinium Hydrochloride and the Application in Iodine Adsorption
Authors: Chen Yi , Song Xiaojuan , Li Aisen , Song Ziang , Fu Shiyao , Xie Yujun , Tang Ben Zhong , Li Zhen
Published: May 2024

Nonporous adaptive crystals (NACs) are crystalline nonporous materials that can undergo a structural adaptive phase transformation to accommodate specific guest via porous cavity or lattice voids. Most of the NACs are based on pillararenes because of their flexible backbone and intrinsic porous structure. Here a readily prepared organic hydrochloride of 4‐(4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl)pyridin‐1‐ium chloride (TPAPyH), exhibiting the solvent dimension‐dependent adaptive crystallinity is reported. Wherein it forms a nonporous α crystal in a solvent with larger dimensions, while forming two porous β and γ crystals capable of accommodating solvent molecules in solvent with small size. Furthermore, the thermal‐induced single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SCSC) transition from the β to α phase can be initiated. Upon exposure to iodine vapor or immersion in aqueous solution, the nonporous α phase transforms to porous β phase by adsorbing iodine molecules. Owing to the formation of trihalide anion I2Clˉ within the crystal cavity, TPAPyH exhibits remarkable performance in iodine storage, with a high uptaking capacity of 1.27 g g−1 and elevated iodine desorption temperature of up to 110 and 82 °C following the first and second adsorption stage. The unexpected adaptivity of TPAPyH inspires the design of NACs for selective adsorption and separation of volatile compound from organic small molecules.
Fluorescent Quantum Dots Based Lateral Flow Assay for Rapid Quantitative Detection of Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor in Glaucoma
Authors: Wu Yue , Zhang Yihan , Hu Yubing , Jiang Nan , Patel Radhika Pooja , Yetisen Ali K. , Cordeiro Maria Francesca
Published: May 2024

Early and accurate diagnosis of glaucoma is crucial to prevent the progressive deterioration that leads to irreversible vision loss. It is imperative to develop an effective screening tool for glaucoma. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is a tear biomarker implicated in glaucoma pathogenesis. Lateral flow assay (LFA) provides an ideal platform for detection of glaucoma in tear fluid. A quantum dot‐based fluorescence LFA, integrated with a 3D printed readout box, is developed for fast (30 min), sensitive, and quantitative CNTF detection in tears. A standard curve is firstly generated for the quantitative detection of CNTF. The limit of detection (LOD) of the obtained LFA strip at 6.45 pg·mL−1 is comparable to that of the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 6.42 pg·mL−1. This enables the identification of low CNTF levels (25.7 ± 14.9 pg·mL−1) reported in tear fluid from glaucoma patients. This LFA is found to be highly selective for CNTF and maintained consistent results in different pH condition. The strip remaines stablewhen stored in the darkat room temperature. A smartphone app is developed to simplify analysis and enable prompt and easily obtainable results. This method shows great potential to be a powerful tool for point‐of‐care glaucoma screening.
Optical Control of Directional Exciton Migration in Porphyrin‐Based Metal−Organic Frameworks
Authors: Yu Junhong , Han Yadong , Yang Yunfan , Zhang Hang , Fang Siyu , Wang Zhengbang , Hu Jianbo
Published: May 2024

Porphyrin‐based metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have received great attention for solar photochemistry applications. Manipulating the direction of energy (exciton) migration plays an essential role in boosting the light‐harvesting efficiency of porphyrin‐based MOFs. Here, based on the time‐dependent exciton‐exciton annihilation rate, an optical control of directional exciton migration is demonstrated in cobalt‐porphyrin surface‐supported MOF nanofilms (Co‐TCPP SURMOFs). Utilizing photocarrier densities or lattice temperature as the control knob, the dynamic form of exciton migration in Co‐TCPP SURMOFs can be switched between the nearest‐neighbor 1D interaction and the quasi‐isotropic 2D interaction, which is well explained using a diffusion model of exciton‐exciton scattering. This results provide an optical approach to regulating exciton migration in MOFs, which enhances understanding of the excitonic behavior in artificial light harvesters.
Boosting Hot Carrier Cooling in Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots via Ni2+ Doping
Authors: Niu Weifan , Chen Ronghua , Pang Tao , Zheng Yuanhui , Wu Tianmin , Zhang Ruidan , Chen Daqin
Published: May 2024

Lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) generally show slow hot carrier (HC) cooling because of the retarded relaxation of longitudinal optical (LO) phonons induced by hot phonon bottleneck effect. Although the feature is beneficial for designing photovoltaic devices beyond Schottky–Queisser limitation by manipulating HC excess energy, it would be hostile toward light‐emitting applications where fast HC cooling is preferred. Herein, a Ni2+ doping strategy is reported to effectively boost HC cooling in CsPbI3 PeQDs and inhibit Auger recombination, giving rise to near unity photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) for the Ni: CsPbI3 sample. Femtosecond transient (fs‐TA) absorption, temperature‐dependent PL spectra and theoretical calculations evidence that Ni2+ doping results in the enhancement of electron‐LO phonon coupling, the introduction of extra energy states at band edges, the increasement of effective carrier mass, and the modification of phonon dispersion spectra as well as density of states (DOS) of LO phonon modes. These synergistic roles ensure efficient Klemens decay within Ni: CsPbI3, which facilitates fast decay of hot phonons and break hot phonon bottleneck. These findings provide a valid route to tackle HC dynamics and pave a way for PeQDs‐based efficient light‐emitting applications.
A Vacuum Vapor Deposition Strategy to Fe Single‐Atom Catalysts with Densely Active Sites for High‐Performance Zn–Air Battery
Authors: Yang Xiang , Zhu Baohui , Gao Zhiyang , Yang Can , Zhou Jingbo , Han Aijuan , Liu Junfeng
Published: May 2024

Iron single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have garnered increasing attention as highly efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), yet their performance in practical devices remains suboptimal due to the low density of accessible active sites. Anchoring iron single atoms on 2D support is a promising way to increase the accessible active sites but remains difficult attributing to the high aggregation tendency of iron atoms on the 2D support. Herein, a vacuum vapor deposition strategy is presented to fabricate an iron SAC supported on ultrathin N‐doped carbon nanosheets with densely active sites (FeSAs‐UNCNS). Experimental analyses confirm that the FeSAs‐UNCNS achieves densely accessible active sites (1.11 × 1020 sites g−1) in the configuration of Fe─N4O. Consequently, the half‐wave potential of FeSAs‐UNCNS in 0.1 m KOH reaches a remarkable value of 0.951 V versus RHE. Moreover, when employed as the cathode of various kinds of Zn–air batteries, FeSAs‐UNCNS exhibits boosting performances by achieving a maximum power density of 306 mW cm−2 and long cycle life (>180 h) at room temperature, surpassing both Pt/C and reported SACs. Further investigations reveal that FeSAs‐UNCNS facilitates the mass and charge transfer during catalysis and the atomic configuration favors the desorption of *OH kinetically.