bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIREITOS HUMANOS E RESPONSABILIDADE EMPRESARIAL: AVANÇOS NO DEBATE
Authors: SILVA CARLA LUCIANA
Published: August 2024

RESUMO O objetivo deste texto é contribuir para uma síntese do tema dos direitos humanos no âmbito das relações capitalistas de produção, conhecido como “responsabilidade empresarial”, que implica graves violações de direitos humanos, sobretudo na ditadura. A pesquisa parte de trabalho empírico, mas propõe aqui uma síntese bibliográfica, articulando literatura e mesclando textos da história e do direito, tanto bibliográficos como documentos de entidades que fazem esse debate. Defendemos que a história da ditadura será modificada a partir do resultado das pesquisas recentes realizadas no âmbito do projeto Responsabilidade de empresas por violações de direitos durante a ditadura, coordenada pelo Centro de Antropologia e Arqueologia Forense da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (CAAF/Unifesp). A violação de direitos humanos se dá de modo cruzado: deslocamentos forçados, racismo, sexismo, ataque aos direitos trabalhistas, cessação do direito de mobilidade, trabalho similar à escravidão e acompanhamento sistemático por sistemas de repressão são algumas das violações diagnosticadas no conjunto das pesquisas. Buscamos trazer alguns dos instrumentos de intervenção política disponíveis para esse debate.
O CINEMA BRASILEIRO SOB ATAQUE: PERSEGUIÇÕES A UM FILME HIPPIE DURANTE OS ANOS 1970
Authors: CARDENUTO REINALDO
Published: August 2024

RESUMO Entre 1970 e 1973, em parceria com uma comunidade hippie de Nova Friburgo (RJ), foi realizado o filme Geração bendita. Produzido de modo independente, o longa-metragem propunha uma celebração aos valores libertários da vida contracultural. Devido ao seu conteúdo, a obra sofreu inúmeras perseguições. O aparato autoritário da ditadura brasileira, impregnado pelo anticomunismo, interditou totalmente a exibição pública do filme. Por meio de pesquisas documentais, este artigo recupera a trajetória de uma obra que permaneceu por décadas marginalizada historicamente. O estudo desse caso, levando-se em conta dimensões estruturais do regime ditatorial, possibilita conhecer características do sistema repressivo existente no Brasil dos anos 1970.
Influence of eucalyptus plantations on benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in neotropical springs
Authors: Peixoto Sheila Sousa de Jesus , Guimarães Luiza Pedrosa , Alves Roberto da Gama
Published: August 2024

Abstract Aim The high sensitivity of springs to anthropic impacts is largely due to the high existing aquatic-terrestrial connectivity. The degradation of these ecosystems can be caused by land use, such as eucalyptus monoculture. The aim of this study was to test the influence of Eucalyptus urograndis plantations on the richness and diversity of the benthic macroinvertebrate community and on the environmental variables measured in springs in the Atlantic Forest domains. Methods Ten springs (5 in native forest areas and 5 in eucalyptus area) were sampled in the dry period of 2017. The organisms were screened and identified at the family level. For each spring, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, total phosphorus, vegetation cover, granulometric characterization and organic matter were also measured. Results: The t-test showed that some environmental variables differed, with the eucalyptus areas having higher values of total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity, and lower values of coarse sand. In the present study, the richness and diversity of the benthic fauna of springs were significantly lower in eucalyptus sites than in native sites. Nonetheless, the composition of the communities did not differ. The Indicator Species Analysis (IndVal) associated Acari, Hydropsychidae, Leptoceridae, Nematoda, Psychodidae, and Tipulidae with areas of native forest. Conclusions Our results show that Brazilian springs are affected by eucalyptus monocultures reducing the richness and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and also changing water environmental properties. Thus, we verified that previous studies elsewhere in the world also apply to neotropical areas where eucalyptus is not native.
OS PINGOS DO IS: A Construção Retórica do Jornalismo de Fachada
Authors: Ernsen Karina , Prudencio Kelly
Published: August 2024

Nesta pesquisa realizamos um estudo pelos fatores econômicos e sociais para explicar os caminhos da comunicação da democracia contemporânea, e como o jornalismo recorre a uma retórica baseada no enredo, sustentando argumentos direcionados a um público segmentado. Realizou-se uma Análise de Conteúdo, com base na retórica, nas opiniões relativas ao tema “Covid-19”, no período de novembro de 2020 a março de 2021, no programa “Os Pingos nos Is”, produzido pela Jovem Pan. Foram identificadas estruturas argumentativas para sintonia com um público-alvo. Conclui-se que essa retórica foi aprovada ao governo de Jair Bolsonaro (2018 - 2022) validando as posições do governo em contraposição às autoridades sanitárias. O jornalismo opinativo do programa não se baseou na complexidade dos fatos e adotou uma retórica detalhada neste estudo como “Jornalismo de Fachada”.
Ecological impacts on the distribution of Ganges River dolphin (Platanista gangetica) in the lower Gangetic plains and its conservation challenges
Authors: Khatun Mst. Tasnima , Naz Sabrina , Galib Shams M.
Published: August 2024

Despite threatened status, the Ganges River dolphin (Platanista gangetica) received insufficient attention in many habitats including the lower Ganges. In this study, through standardised monitoring programmes, we recorded the population and distribution of the species from a 100-km long stretch of the lower Ganges between January and December 2023. Important ecological parameters (e.g. fish abundance and water quality parameters) were also monitored to understand their effects on dolphin population in the river. Number of Ganges River dolphin varied over time (ANOVA: F11,88 = 10.9, p < 0.001) and space (F8,88 = 24.1, p < 0.001). Maximum number of dolphin was sighted in the month of August; whereas, the minimum was in February. Population of Ganges River dolphin was affected positively by fish abundance (LMM: F = 19.7, p < 0.001) and water transparency (F = 4.4, p = 0.042) and negatively by total dissolved solids (TDS; LMM: F = 13.5, p = 0.001). A range of challenges related to fishermen’s knowledge and attitude towards the Ganges River dolphin were identified. These include lack of awareness, high market demand and price for the species and negative attitude towards the species. Illegally harvested Vulnerable dolphins were sold only to produce dolphin oil to catch another Endangered fish species Clupisoma garua. The results of this study have conservation management applications and implications.
Analysis of Text Difficulty in the Reading Section of the Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK)
Authors:   The Korean Society Of Bilingualism, Jang Chaerin , Jeon Moongee
Published: August 2024

The Test of Proficiency in Korean (TOPIK) stands as a reputable examination capable of assessing Korean language proficiency for various purposes. In order for TOPIK, with its pivotal significance, to be effectively utilized for multifaceted objectives, the validity and reliability of its evaluations must be substantiated. Thus, this study aims to scrutinize the disparities between TOPIK I and TOPIK II, focusing on reading texts, across various factors. Initially, a corpus was constructed comprising reading texts from the 35th session (post-2014 revision) to the most recent 83rd session available as of March 2014, obtained from the TOPIK website's archive. Subsequently, utilizing the Data Evaluation Unified System (DEUS), linguistic indicators including surface features (vocabulary and sentence length), lexical factors (vocabulary frequency, diversity, pronoun usage, emotional vocabulary usage), syntactic factors (proportion of function words, sentence constituent ratio), and discursive factors (referential coherence, patterns of adverbial conjunction usage) were employed to compare the text difficulty. Additionally, recommendations for future test construction were proposed based on the outcomes derived from each factor analysis.
How to grow wheat in controlled and semi-controlled environment v1
Authors: Simmonds James , Faci Isabel , Buffagni Valentina , Uauy Cristobal
Published: August 2024

This protocol explains how to germinate and grow wheat, as well as how to harvest and store the grain. This is one of many ways of doing this, but we provide this protocol with the aim to assist users with a prove and tried method.
DNA Extraction - Qiagen DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit UCC & IMR eWHALE v1
Authors: Rodriguez Lauren , De Bonis Lorenzo , McKenna James
Published: August 2024

This DNA extraction protocol was used in Rodriguez et al., 2024 (in prep) for the extraction of environmental DNA from samples collected off of the coast of Ireland (Atlantic) and Norway (Norwegian Sea) as a part of the eWHALE project. Work was carried out by researchers at University College Cork (UCC) and the Institute for Marine Research (IMR). The protocol outlines lysis from Sterivex (0.45 µm pore size; Merck Millipore ID: SVHV010RS) eDNA filters and DNA extraction of lysates using the Qiagen DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit. Mostly, the protocol follows the official version with spin columns published by Qiagen for the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (available here: https://www.qiagen.com/us/resources/resourcedetail?id=68f29296-5a9f-40fa-8b3d-1c148d0b3030&lang=en), however, researchers at IMR used a QiaVAC 24 Plus vacuum system (ID: 19413, Qiagen) rather than centrifugation for spin column steps.
Feline aortic thromboembolism: first case reported in Colombia
Authors: Victor Molina M , Estrada G Juliana , Salas Sergio A , González María S
Published: August 2024

Summary Anamnesis and treatment approach: a cross-breed tomcat, 5 years old, with bilateral pelvic limb paresis was treated with saline solution hydration (20 drops/in), tramadol (2 mg/kg IV every 8 h), methylprednisolone succinate (18 mg, every 6 h), dimethyl sulphoxyde (0.36 mg diluted in sodium chloride, twice a day, IV) and ketoprofen (2 mg/kg, every 24 h) with no response to this treatment schedule. Clinical and laboratory findings: according to results of thorax and abdomen radiological tests, coldness in pelvic limbs and lack of bleeding after a deep nail cutting, clinical diagnosis of feline aortic thromboembolism was established and the cat was subjected to euthanasia after informed consent. A hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and thrombus in the lumbar abdominal aorta were found at necropsy. Conclusion: the first case of feline aortic thromboembolism in Colombia is reported and the most relevant findings and treatment schedule are discussed. Keywords: aorta, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Resumen Anamnesis y aproximación terapéutica: un felino mestizo de 5 años de edad, con cuadro neurológico fue tratado con solución salina (20 gotas/min), tramadol (2 mg/kg i.v. cada 8 horas), succinate de metilprednisolona (18 mg totales cada 6 horas), dimetilsulfoxido (0.36 mg diluidos en cloruro de sodio cada 12 horas e.v.) y ketoprofeno (2 mg/kg cada 24 horas), sin responder al tratamiento. Hallazgos clinicos y de laboratorio: ante los resultados de las radiografías de tórax y el abdomen, las extremidades pelvianas frías y el no sangrado ante corte profundo de uña, se estableció el diagnóstico de tromboembolismo aórtico felino. El gato fue sometido a eutanasia previo consentimiento informado. A la necropsia fue hallada una cardiomiopatía hipertrófica y un coágulo en la porción lumbar de la aorta abdominal. Conclusiones: este es el primer reporte de un caso de tromboembolismo felino en Colombia, se discuten los hallazgos clínicos y el esquema de tratamiento más relevante. Palabras claves: arteria aorta, cardiopatía hipertrófica. Resumo Anamnese e abordagem de tratamento: um felino mestico de 5 anos de idade com quadro neurológico foi tratado com solucao salina (20 gotas / min), tramadol (2 mg / kg iv c / 8 horas), succinato de metilprednisolona (18 mg c total / 6 h), sulfóxido de dimetilo (0.36 mg de cloreto de sódio diluido em q12h ev) e cetoprofeno (2 mg / kg C/24 h), nao respondendo ao tratamento. Achados clínicos e laboratoriais: com os resultados do exame radiológico de tórax e abdóme, membros pelvianas frios e falta de sangramento ao corte profundo da unha, foi diagnosticado com tromboembolismo aórtico felino. O gato foi eutanasiado prévio consentimento informado. Na necropsia foi encontrada cardiomiopatia hipertrófica e um coágulo na porcao lombar da aorta abdominal. Conclusoes: Este é o primeiro reporte de tromboembolismo felino na Colómbia, neste artigo se discutem os achados clínicos e o cronograma de tratamento mais relevante.Palavras-chave: aorta, cardiomiopatia hipertrófica
El Consejo Profesional de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de Colombia y reflexiones sobre el futuro de la formación en ciencias pecuarias
Authors: Correa Nieto Ramón
Published: August 2024

Resumen El consejo profesional de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de Colombia, fue creado por la ley 73 de 1985 que reglamenta la profesiones de MV, MVZ y Z y define los 9 miembros que componen el Consejo. Para ejercer estas profesiones en Colombia debe cumplirse con los requisitos exigidos y disponer del registro y la tarjeta profesional, la cual han obtenido 25.700 profesionales (8.151 MV, 11.289 MVZ y 6.260 Z), de los 35.391 graduados en el país (9.414 MV, 14.062 MVZ y 11.915 Z). El número de egresados ha crecido sustancialmente, ya que en 1985 se graduaban 200 profesionales por año y en los últimos años se están graduando más de 2.000 anualmente, formados por 48 facultades (10 MV; 18 MVZ y 18 Z). Se requiere crear mecanismos para la renovación periódica de la tarjeta profesional, pero antes debe discutirse ampliamente los aportes del plan decenal. Las líneas de trabajo para el profesional del futuro deben desarrollarse en competencias generales, específicas y avanzadas, que contemplen los tres ejes fundamentales que son las ciencias veterinarias, las ciencias económicas y las medioambientales. Igualmente los profesionales deben pertenecer a las diferentes asociaciones que los agrupan en el país.
Sostenibilidad y competitividad de sistemas de producción de pequeños rumiantes
Authors: Rodríguez Carías Abner A
Published: August 2024

Summary                                The aim of this article is to present the feasibility and constraints to increasing the sustainability and competitiveness of small ruminant production systems. The discussion includes the concepts of sustainability and competitiveness, the advantages of ruminant animals for the production of food for human consumption, the benefits of small ruminant production, genotypic and phenotypic differences between goats and sheep, and the status of the world's population of both species. In addition, it describes the farming system generally used for raising goats and sheep in third world countries and the factors that limit the sustainability and competitiveness of these systems, such as seasonal availability and sub-optimal use of forage resources (over and under grazing), the absence of promoting sustainable use of the soil, and environmental conservation. Finally, the article mentions a series of challenges and opportunities for sustainable and competitive development of goats and sheep enterprises.   Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es exponer la viabilidad y las restricciones que se presentan para la sostenibilidad y competitividad de sistemas de producción de rumiantes pequeños. Se analizan los conceptos de sostenibilidad y competitividad, las ventajas de los animales rumiantes para la producción de alimentos para consumo humano, los beneficios que ofrece la producción de rumiantes pequeños, las diferencias genotípicas y fenotípicas entre caprinos y ovinos y datos sobre la población mundial de ambas especies. Además, se describe el sistema de producción agropecuaria utilizado generalmente para la crianza de caprinos y ovinos en los países en vías de desarrollo y los factores principales que limitan la sostenibilidad y competitividad de estas empresas, tales como la disponibilidad estacional y utilización sub-óptima de los recursos forrajeros (sobre y sub pastoreo), la falta de usar sosteniblemente el suelo y conservar el ambiente natural. Finalmente el artículo menciona una serie de retos y oportunidades para el desarrollo sostenible y competitivo de empresas caprinas y ovinas.
Equine gastric ulcer syndrome: risk factors and therapeutic aspects
Authors: Martinez Aranzalez José R , Silveira Alves Geraldo E
Published: August 2024

Summary The equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) involves a complex of diseases associated with ulceration of the esophageal, stomach and duodenum mucosa of horses. EGUS occurs frequently due to multiple and overlapping risk factors (activity, food management, anti-inflammatory therapies, among others) and anatomo-physiological peculiarities of horses. The combination of therapeutic strategies and management and environmental shifts are important in both the preventive and the curative approach to this syndrome. However, further studies on the epidemiological and clinical aspects of EGUS and low-cost therapeutic alternatives are required. Key words: glandular and nonglandular mucosa, gastroscopy, horse, hydrochloric acid, stomach, treatment.Resumen El síndrome de úlcera gástrica equina (EGUS) implica un complejo de enfermedades asociadas con ulceración de la mucosa esofágica, gástrica y duodenal en animales con diferente edad. EGUS es altamente frecuente por la naturaleza multifactorial de los factores de riesgos (tipo de actividad, manejo alimentario, terapias anti-inflamatorias, entre otros) y particularidades anatomo-fisiológicas de estos animales que son sometidos excesivamente en los diferentes sistemas de explotación. La combinación de estrategias terapéuticas, de manejo y de adecuación de ambiente son de importancia en las conductas preventivas y curativas de este síndrome. Sin embargo se requiere más estudios de prevalencia y de caracterización de los factores predisponentes de EGUS; así como también, más investigación para generar alternativas terapéuticas de bajo costo. Palabras clave: ácido clorhídrico, caballo, estómago, gastroscopia, mucosa glandular y no glandular, tratamiento.   Resumo A síndrome de úlcera gástrica equina (EGUS) envolve o complexo de doenças associadas com úlcera da mucosa esofágica, gástrica e duodenal em animais de diferentes faixas etárias. EGUS tem elevada frequência pela natureza multifatorial dos fatores de risco (tipo de trabalho, manejo alimentar, terapias anti-inflamatórias, entre outros) e peculiaridades anatomo-fisiológicas destes animais sometidos em excesso nos sistemas de exploração. A combinação de estratégias terapêuticas, de manejo e de adequação de ambiente é de importância nas condutas preventiva e curativa desta síndrome. Porem se requer mais estudos de prevalência e de caraterização dos fatores predisponentes de EGUS, assim como também, mais pesquisas na geração de alternativas terapêuticas de baixo custo. Palavras chave: ácido clorídrico, cavalo, estômago, gastroscopia, mucosa glandular e não glandular, tratamento.
Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide affects intestinal mucin secretion in weaned pigs
Authors: Zapata Deny J , Rodríguez Berardo de J , Ramírez María C , López H Albeiro , Parra S Jaime
Published: August 2024

Background: to the best of our knowledge, the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli on goblet cells and intestinal mucin secretion of weaned pigs has not been reported, and it is unknown whether these effects could trigger enteritis. Objective: to determine the effect of E. coli LPS on intestinal mucin secretion in weaning piglets. Methods: fifty-two piglets weaned at 21 days of age were fed a basal diet supplemented with four LPS levels (0.0, 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 μg/mg) during 10 days. Piglets were slaughtered on days 1, 5, 7, and 10 post-weaning and samples of small and large intestine were taken for histochemical staining to determine goblet cell population and type of mucins produced (acidic, sulphated, non-sulphated, or neutral). Results: acidic mucin was reduced on day 5 post-weaning independently of the dietary LPS level supplied to piglets. Recovery of acidic mucins was observed during days 7 and 10 post-weaning. Neutral mucins increased on day 5 and decreased on days 7 and 10 post-weaning. High LPS levels decreased goblet cells population and secretion of all types of mucins. This effect was remarkably high for diet two (D2: 0.5 mg LPS/mg food). Conclusions: early weaning (21 d) and LPS addition to the diet affect mucin secretion and intestinal epithelium integrity by modifying goblet cell populations and their balance between acidic and neutral mucin secretion. These findings explain some abnormalities related with post-weaning diarrhea syndrome and help to explain its pathophysiology.
Dynamics of porcine circovirus type 2 infection and neutralizing antibodies in subclinically infected gilts, and the effect on their litters
Authors: Rincón Monroy María Antonia , Mogollón Galvis José Darío , Ramírez Nieto Gloria Consuelo , Vera Víctor Julio , Correa Jairo Jaime
Published: August 2024

Background: porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is associated with reproductive disease in newly populated herds and in replacement breeding stock from new sources and is almost exclusively reported in gilts. Objective: the main purpose of this study was to assess the dynamics of porcine circovirus type 2 infection and neutralizing antibodies in subclinically infected gilts and the effect on their piglets. Methods: the study was conducted with 40 gilts selected at random from four breeding herds. Blood samples, nasal and vaginal swabs were obtained from the gilts at arrival, acclimatization, farrowing, and one day after farrowing. Colostrum samples were collected immediately after parturition and one day after farrowing. Blood, nasal swab, or tissue samples were collected from four piglets prior to suckling. All serums were analyzed by virus neutralization test (VNT) to establish the presence of antibodies. All samples were subjected to SYBER Green real-time PCR assay to detect PCV2 DNA. Results: high levels of viremia and viral load of PCV2 in nasal and vaginal swabs were found in healthy gilts at arriving, confirming the introduction of infected animals into the farms. In addition, most gilts were positive for PCV2 DNA in serum, nasal and vaginal swabs at farrowing. PCV2 shedding was also observed in nasal and vaginal fluids and colostrum even in presence of serum neutralizingantibodies (NA). Subclinically infected dams had detectable viremia, developed anti-PCV2 antibodies, and there was PCV2 DNA in tissue samples of their born alive and healthy piglets. PCV2a and PCV2b genotypes were confirmed in PCV2 subclinical infection in both dams and piglets in utero. Conclusion: replacement gilts can be infected with PCV2 before entering the farm and continuous exposure seems to occur horizontally in acclimatization and gestation units or before farrowing. Exposure and infection during gestation may result in infected but apparently healthy piglets.
Growth and body composition of Midas (Amphilophus citrinellus) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) reared in duoculture
Authors: Rodríguez Montes de Oca Gustavo A , Dabrowski Konrad
Published: August 2024

Background: cichlids are of economical importance either as food (Nile tilapia) or as ornamental fish (Midas) and both exhibit territorialism and aggressive feeding behavior depending on availability of food and space. Objective: to evaluate the growth rates and behavioral changes of Nile tilapia and Midas kept in mono or polyculture. Methods: Midas and tilapia were maintained in a semi-closed rearing system. Initial weight was 0.83 and 0.81 g for Nile tilapia and Midas, respectively. Four treatments with different fish proportions were used. Midas and tilapia were distributed in 12 glass aquaria with three replicates (n = 30 fish per tank). Treatment ratios between Midas and tilapia were 1:0, 1:1, 2:1 and 0:1, respectively. Fish were fed a commercial diet (40% protein, 12% lipids) for six weeks at 5% weight ratio. Feed offer was adjusted weekly. Observations of behavioral traits were recorded throughout the trial to determine social and feeding conduct. Body composition of fish was assessed at the end of the experiment. Results: Midas modified their feeding behavior and their weight gain increased (3.9 ± 0.3 g) in the 2:1 group. The 0:1 group exhibited the lowest growth rate throughout the experiment (2.9 ± 0.3 g). Midas did not affect Tilapia growth (5.8 ± 0.4 g) across treatments. Interspecies aggressiveness was less evident when reared in monoculture (groups 1:0 y 0:1). Intra and interspecies attacks were higher in the 1:1 and 2:1 groups. Proximate body composition indicated higher
lipid levels in Midas across treatments in comparison to tilapia. Conclusions: duoculture benefits growth of juvenile Midas when present at 25-30% of total stocking density with Nile tilapia.
Ideal ratio of digestible methionine plus cystine to digestible lysine for growing Japanese quails
Authors: D’Avila Lima Heder J , Bareto Sergio LT , Donzele Juarez L , Tinoco Ilda FF , Ribas Natália S
Published: August 2024

Background: methionine is considered essential for maintenance, growth, and feather development. Methionine supply during the growth phase can influence the weight at sexual maturity and egg size. Objectives: to evaluate the effects of several digestible methionine + cystine/digestible lysine ratios for growing Japanese quails (1 to 40 days of age) with repercussions on the early stage of production (41 to 110 days of age). Methods: a total of 1,000 one-day-old Japanese quails were randomly distributed to five digestible (methionine + cystine)/digestible lysine ratios, with 10 replicates and 20 birds per experimental unit. A basal diet formulated to meet all nutrient requirements was added with graded levels of DL-methionine replacing glutamic acid. Results: weight of the birds at 40 days, weight gain until 40 days, feed intake, carcass weight, fat, and bodyprotein deposition, methionine + cystine intake and birds viability in the growing phase presented a linear trend. A quadratic effect was observed for feed conversion and uniformity at 40 days of age, and percentage of feathers did not vary. A linear increase occurred in the laying phase for feed intake and weight gain of the birds. No effects of the assessed ratios were observed on the other variables. Conclusions: a 0.73 ratio of digestible (methionine + cystine) to digestible lysine in the growing phase provided uniform growth and satisfying performance of Japanese quails during the laying phase.
Superovulatory response and embryo quality of Holstein heifers treated with one or two injections of somatotropin
Authors: González Maldonado Juan , Rangel Santos Raymundo , Rodríguez de Lara Raymundo
Published: August 2024

Background: recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) is used in bovine embryo donors to improve superovulatory response and embryo quality. Objective: this study evaluated the effect of applying one versus two injections of 500 mg of rbST to donor Holstein heifers on estrus incidence (IE), diameter of the largest preovulatory follicle (dLPF), superovulation response (SR), embryo yield, and pregnancy rate in recipient Holstein cows (PRR). Methods: two superstimulation programs were conducted. Heifers were assigned to one of two treatments: 1) rbST-I, n = 5: heifers received one injection of rbST on day 0 (day of CIDR (controlled internal drug release) removal); 2) rbST-II, n = 5: heifers received the first rbST injection on day -8 and the second one on day 0. Thirty-eight cows were used as recipients and were assigned to receive one embryo from one of the two treatments. Results: there was no effect of treatment (p > 0.05) on PRR, dLPF, IE, and SR. The number of oocytes increased (p < 0.05) in the rbST-I treatment (1.3 ± 0.4 vs 0.2 ± 0.2), but there was no difference in the number (p > 0.05) of degenerated (1.0 ± 0.5 vs 4.5 ± 3.0) or transferable (1.0 ± 0.5 vs 1.4 ± 0.7) embryos between heifers in the rbST-I and rbST-II treatments, respectively. Moreover, no oocytes or embryos were recovered from 36.8% of donor heifers in either treatment. Conclusion: the application of 500 mg of rbST on days -8 and 0 of the follicular wave synchronization program did not increase the superovulatory response but significantly reduced the number of oocytes recovered from superovulated Holstein heifers.
Arte y Geografías del Compromiso. El Arte Transformador como Problema Situado.
Authors: Macaya Albert
Published: August 2024

Las artes con vocación transformadora, con voluntad de compromiso social, son hoy objeto de ricos y complejos debates. En este texto repasamos tres ideas clave sobre su vigencia: su capacidad de crear agenciamiento colectivo e incidir en audiencias amplias, la popularización de algunas de sus formas a través de la telefonía móvil y las redes sociales, y su capacidad de incidir en contextos específicos a través de la participación activa de una determinada comunidad. Para pensar dialécticamente estas tres ideas, las plantearemos como “tesis” con sus respectivas “antítesis”, esbozando algunas de las críticas o cuestionamientos de las que esas posiciones han sido objeto. Sin embargo, propondremos argumentos para revisar la universalidad de tales cuestionamientos. Basándonos en algunos destacados ejemplos del arte comprometido latinoamericano,  concluimos que las posibilidades transformadoras de las artes son esencialmente un problema situado, que debe ser examinado en relación a un contexto específico para poder valorar su sentido y alcance.
Critical Actors and the Challenges in Mainstreaming Gender in Taiwan’s Parliament
Authors: Huang Chang-Ling
Published: August 2024

Taiwan is currently Asia’s leader in gender equality on three indicators: Its national legislature comprises 42 percent women, the largest proportion among all Asian countries; it was the first Asian country to legalize same-sex marriage; and it has a popularly elected woman president not from a politically established family. Despite these advances, efforts to make Taiwan’s parliament gender-sensitive has encountered constraints. While new institutions were created to make the parliament a more gender-friendly workplace, little progress was made regarding gender mainstreaming in the legislative process. This article points out that parliamentary parties are missing actors in gender mainstreaming. The article concludes that unless all constitutional branches practice it, gender mainstreaming as a state strategy to promote gender equality remains challenging.
Effects of the Financial Characteristics of Chinese Listed Companies on Earning Management: Focus on CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Kim Jung-Ho , Zhou Bo
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study analyzed the effects of the financial characteristics of Chinese companies on earnings management, focusing on China's social responsibility activities.
Research design, data, and methodology: This study analyzed a company listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in China. The CSMAR (China Stock Market & Accounting Research Database) was used as the financial characteristic information data of Chinese companies. The discretionary accruals of the modified John's model were used as a proxy variable for earnings management. The social responsibility activity indicator was analyzed using the social responsibility activity score of RKS (Rankings CSR), a Chinese social responsibility evaluation agency.
Results: According t o t he empirical a nalysis, f irst, c orporate e arnings m anagement h as a significant negative (-) effect on the social responsibility activities, and the same result was shown when additional characteristic variables of Chinese companies were added. In addition, both companies with high and low indicators of social responsibility activities had a significant negative (-) effect on profit adjustment.
Conclusions: This paper showed that higher accounting transparency, which is a financial characteristic of a company, leads to higher reliability and usefulness of the accounting information provided by the company, so the importance of social responsibility activities indicators for corporate value inventory is increasingly being highlighted.
Study on the Analysis of Dispute Cases and Practical Response Measures for Online Design Platforms
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Kim Sung-Ryong , Kim In-Kyung
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This paper proposes measures for protecting designers' intellectual property rights in response to the growth of online design platforms.
Research design, data, and methodology: This study analyzed the dispute cases involving online design platforms and proposed practical measures for designers and platform operators to address these issues effectively.
Results: This study suggests that online platform operators can enhance their credibility by fostering collaboration with creators. Moreover, it emphasizes the need to develop internal monitoring systems and encourage third-party reporting of infringers and counterfeit products, accompanied by a compensation system. In addition, it proposes enhancing educational efforts to prevent infringement and institutionalizing stringent measures, such as permanently banning infringers from the platform. Finally, the study advocates for expanding online arbitration to ensure the swift resolution of disputes.
Conclusions: This study contributes to the protection of designers' intellectual property rights, defines the scope of responsibility for platform operators, and ultimately promotes the growth of the digital design industry.
Flange Leak Investigation on Kettle Heat Exchanger Operating at Low-Temperature Condition
Authors: Prasetyo Andi D. , Fitra Fauzan
Published: August 2024

A kettle-type evaporator heat exchanger (TEMA BKU) is utilized to cool natural gas on the tube side from −34 °C to −55 °C, using Multi-component Refrigerant (MCR) as the cooling medium on the shell side. During operation, the heat exchanger encountered recurrent leakage issues at the channel-tubesheet bolted flange joint, particularly during the cooling down process. The primary objective of this research is to identify the causes of leakage and to propose viable solutions for minimizing the risk of leakage. To achieve this, Finite Element Method (FEM) was employed as an investigative tool to analyze the mechanical factors contributing to leakage. Results from the FEM investigation indicate that the leakage in the bolted joint of the heat exchanger is attributed to reduce of gasket seating stress as an effect of bolts self-loosening, influenced by several factors such as bolts plastic deformation, flange stiffness characteristics, and uneven temperature distribution. The study also reveals that gasket seating stress decreases after each shutdown compared to the previous start-up due to plastic deformation on bolts and flange gasket surfaces after shutdown. The findings of this study provide critical insights into the mechanical behavior of bolted flange joints in heat exchangers and offer guidance for their improved design and maintenance, enhancing operational reliability.
As fontes de financiamento da indústria química no Brasil: uma análise da Sociedade de Productos Chimicos L. Queiroz, 1913-1940
Authors: Mendonça Italo do Nascimento , Marson Michel Deliberali
Published: August 2024

O objetivo do artigo é compreender as fontes de financiamento que permitiram a evolução e crescimento da indústria química no Brasil, tendo como estudo de caso a Sociedade de Productos Chimicos “L. Queiroz” no período entre 1913 e 1940. Buscou-se a análise do passivo contábil, de modo a entender a evolução da origem dos recursos financeiros da empresa. Identificou-se que a maior parte do capital necessário à expansão e consolidação da empresa foi obtida através do mercado de capitais. Essa fonte de recursos foi importante no período entre 1913 e 1919 – os seis primeiros anos em que a companhia teve seu capital aberto; e entre 1923 e 1925, momento em que a empresa utilizou do mercado de capitais para financiar a expansão de suas instalações e diversificar sua matriz produtiva. Um dos principais indícios encontrados na pesquisa foi a importância do mercado de capitais para o financiamento desta empresa.
FENOMENOLOJİK YÖNTEM: TEORİK TEMELLERİ VE UYGULAMASI
Authors: Akın Şeyma
Published: August 2024

Bilginin kaynağı ve geçerliliği sosyal bilimlerde sürekli bir tartışma konusu olagelmiştir. Pozitivist yaklaşımla bilgi elde eden doğa bilimlerine kıyasla sosyal bilimler yöntemlerini nispeten daha geç geliştirebilmiştir. Fenomenoloji, doğa bilimlerinin yöntemi dışında bir yöntem arayışı çerçevesinde felsefi bir tartışmayla başlamış ve daha sonra bir yöntem olarak ortaya atılmıştır. Yöntem zaman içinde daha yaygın uygulanır hale gelmiş, günümüzde fenomenolojik çalışmalar çoğalmış ve birçok disiplinde uygulanır hale gelmiştir. Ancak bazı araştırmalarda fenomenolojiye basit bir veri toplama yöntemi olarak başvurulduğu ve zaman zaman sadece bir mülakat yöntemine indirgenerek uygulandığı görülmektedir. Oysa fenomenoloji, felsefi bir tartışma içinden doğmuş ve sonunda bir araştırma yöntemi olarak ortaya konmuştur. Bu makale, özellikle sosyal bilim alanında bir araştırma yöntemi olarak kullanılan fenomenolojinin kökenlerini, gelişimini ve sosyal bilime yansımasını ele almıştır. Bu bağlamda öncelikle Edmund Husserl ve fenomenolojik yaklaşımı ortaya konmuş, ardından Alfred Schütz’ün perspektifi, ileri sürdüğü yöntemler ve bunların sosyal bilimdeki yansımaları tartışılmıştır.
Predictive Factors of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Home Care Patients
Authors: Yılmaz Halis , Arslan Özkul Seda , Temel Aslan Kübra , Cöbek Ünalan Pemra , Apaydın Kaya Çiğdem
Published: August 2024

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the predictive factors of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in home care patients.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Istanbul with 285 homebound patients who applied for the first time to receive services from the Home Health Care Unit of a tertiary hospital between 01.07.2014 and 01.12.2014. The patients having known PAD diagnosis were excluded. Sociodemographic characteristics, home dependency duration, chronic diseases, medications used and smoking status were recorded. Then, deformities in the patients' toenails, peripheral hair loss, foot wounds were recorded, and the patients' functional status and skinfold thickness were evaluated peripheral arterial disease was evaluated by ankle–brachial index (ABI). An ABI below 0.9 was considered indicative of PAD. A chi-square test, Mann–Whitney U test and a logistic regression analysis were used in the statistical analysis.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 75.84±1.17 years (34% M; 65% F). Peripheral artery disease was detected in 16.8% (n=48) of the patients. Current or former smoking (β: 4.09), peripheral hair loss (β: 3.42), deformity of toenails (β: 3.02), and increased skinfold thickness (β: 1.124) were identified as predictors of PAD.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that home healthcare providers should inquire about the patient's smoking history, assess skinfold thickness, and examine the toes for hair loss and deformities, to predict PAD.
Efecto bioestimulante de Macrocystis pyrifera en esporas de Metarhizium anisopliae y su patogenicidad contra Chloridea virescens
Authors: Manzanarez Jiménez Lucia Araceli
Published: August 2024

Se evaluó el efecto bioestimulante de Macrocystis pyrifera en esporas de Metarhizium anisopliae, en su crecimiento, esporulación, viabilidad y patogenicidad contra Chloridea virescens. Se prepararon nueve concentraciones a 1×107,8,9 esporas/ml con 5 %, 10 % y 20 % de alga en SDA, más tres   controles positivos, y se incubaron a 150 r.p.m, 28 oC, 80 % de humedad relativa y 8 h luz, la patogenicidad se probó sobre larvas de dos días de eclosión. M. pyrifera tuvo efecto bioestimulante en M. anisopliae, y mejoró con 5 % y 10 %, con crecimiento de 4.91 µm/d, y con 20 % 4.84 µm/d, la viabilidad fue alrededor de 99 % esporas germinadas a las 24 h en todos los tratamientos, la esporulación total fue 6 × 106 a 6.7 × 108, y con solo hongo de 3 ×106 a 3.4 × 107 esporas/ml, la mortalidad más alta fue 91.5 ± 2.5 % a las 43.3 ± 1.3 h, y con solo hongo fue 80 ± 3 % a las 70 ± 5 h. Este trabajo es un aporte al control de plagas con hongos entomopatógenos mejorados con extractos de origen marino, se recomienda evaluar estos tratamientos en cultivo convencional.
Mixed viral infections in vegetable crops: biochemical and molecular aspects
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez Mario , Vargas-Arispuro Irasema , Tovar-Pedraza Juan Manuel , González-Pérez Cristóbal Joel , Aispuro-Hernández Emmanuel , Quintana-Obregón Eber Addí , Martínez-Téllez Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2024

Mixed viral infections refer to the coinfection of two or more viruses in the plant, which regularly lead to exacerbated symptoms on leaves and fruits. The dynamics of coinfections may follow either a synergistic, antagonistic, or neutral interaction that impacts the severity of the symptoms and infection. Mixed viral infections occur due to the convergence of fundamental characteristics reviewed in this manuscript. The virus‒host plant interrelationship influences the establishment and spread patterns of mixed viral infections. Attention should be drawn to potential changes in the dynamics of transmission and prevalence of plant viral diseases due to the effect of anthropogenic and natural alterations to complex agroecological systems or their components, including hosts, reservoirs, vectors, ecological niches, and the emergence of new virus strains.
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on bean and potato in Sinaloa: Etiology, epidemiology and alternatives for management
Authors: Félix-Gastélum Rubén , Herrera-Rodríguez Gabriel , Ávila-Alistac Norma , León Elizabeth
Published: August 2024

White mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) is the main disease of bean and potato in Sinaloa. In the present review, the symptoms and signs of the disease as well as cultural and morphological characteristics of the teleomorph of the pathogen, its ecology and the epidemiology of the disease are addressed. The implementation of a prediction system which includes the carpogenic germination of the sclerotia and the phenology of both bean and potato for the management of the disease is described. This system considers soil temperature ranging from 13 to 19 °C a at depth of 2.5 cm in the soil and the flowering stage in both bean and potato to do the first spray application of synthetic fungicide to prevent the disease. In vitro studies indicated that Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride and T. atroviride reduced mycelial growth rate of S. sclerotiorum. The same antagonistic species exerted control of white mold under field conditions, where an increment of 40% of yield was observed in the treated plots, with respect to those treated with fungicide fluazinam. Future lines of research focusing on the ecology of the pathogen and management of the disease including the antagonistic fungi in the prediction system are suggested.
Nonrelativistic approximation in 39-component theory for a spin 2 particle
Authors: Ivashkevich A. , Buryy A. , Ovsiyuk E. , Kisel' V. , Red'kov V.
Published: August 2024

The goal of the present paper is investigation of the nonrelativistic
approximation in the 39-component theory for a spin 2
particle. We apply explicit expressions for four main matrices
Γa with dimension 39×39 in the relevant first-order system
of equations, written in Cartesian coordinates and in presence
of external electromagnetic fields. For distinguishing
the large and small constituents in the complete wave function,
we apply three projective operators constructed on the
base of the minimal polynomial of the 7-th order for the matrix
Γ0. The relevant large and small components are found
in explicit form. In each group, we have found independent
variables; in particular, among the large components there
exist only five independent ones. We have derived the nonrelativistic
equation for 5-component wave function; it has
the term describing interaction of the magnetic moment of
the spin 2 particle with the external magnetic field we distinguished.
This additional term is constructed by the projections
of spin operator Si and the components of the magnetic
field Bi.
Lax equations on Lie superalgebras
Authors: Karabanov A.
Published: August 2024

It is demonstrated that the standard construction of Lax equations
on Lie algebras can be extended to Lie superalgebras,
with the even subspace carrying the usual Lax equations.
The extended equations inherit the existence of the canonical
trace polynomial integrals of motion. An extra set of integrals
exists in the odd subspace, with a nontrivial homological
structure of the orbit space. This establishes a curious algebraic
link between integrable evolution equations, supersymmetry
and the deformation theory.
A New Goodness of Fit Test for Complete or Type II Right Censored Samples
Authors: Koyuncu Anıl , Karahasan Mehmet
Published: August 2024

This study proposes a new goodness-of-fit test based on the empirical distribution function for complete or type II right-censored random samples, which are drawn from either the exponential or log-normal distributions. Some simulation studies were conducted to compare the newly proposed test with some of the well-known goodness-of-fit tests, such as Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Cramer-von Mises, and Anderson-Darling, in terms of power over various sample sizes and censoring rates. The simulation results show that the newly proposed goodness of fit test generally seems to perform well compared to the other goodness of fit tests considered. In addition, the newly proposed test and the other goodness of fit tests are illustrated by applying them to some real data sets obtained from the relevant literature.
Okul Öncesi Eğitimde Uygulanan Farklı Eğitim Modelleri ve Yaklaşımlar Üzerine Okul Öncesi Öğretmen Görüşlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Karataş Ceren , Uzun Pınar , Sarı Uğurlu Burcu
Published: August 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, çeşitli yaş gruplarında görev yapan okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin okul öncesi eğitimde uygulanan farklı eğitim modelleri ve yaklaşımlar üzerine görüşlerini derinlemesine incelemektir. Araştırma sürecinde, katılımcı öğretmenlere kendi eğitim modellerini tasarlama fırsatı da sunulmuştur. Böylece, okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin önem verdikleri eğitim ilkelerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2022-2023 eğitim ve öğretim yılı içerisinde Samsun ve Kırklareli il/ilçe merkezlerinde bulunan okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarında görev yapan 85 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemi çerçevesinde, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre; okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin en fazla bildikleri yaklaşımın Montessori olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin Reggio Emilia, Waldorf yaklaşımına ve High Scope Programına ilişkin daha karmaşık bilgilere sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmaya katılan öğretmenler, farklı eğitim modelleri/yaklaşımlarının Türkiye'de uygulanabilirliği konusundaki en büyük engelin, sınıf ve okullardaki yetersiz fiziksel koşullar olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Son olarak, öğretmenler, kendileri bir eğitim modeli tasarlarken en çok öğrenci merkezli olmasına ve doğa temelli olmasına önem vereceklerini belirtmişlerdir.