bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perubahan Sistem Kebijakan Pendidikan Tinggi Dalam Dimensi Pendidikan Hukum
Authors: Indiantoro Alfalachu
Published: February 2018

Pembaharuan sistem kebijakan Pendidikan merupakan usaha sadar dan terencana untuk mewujudkan suasana belajar dan proses pembelajaran agar peserta didik dapat secara aktif mengembangkan potensi dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri, kecerdasan, serta ketrampilan yang diperlukan dirinya, masyarakat, bangsa, dan negara. Tujuan pendidikan untuk mencerdaskan kehidupan Seluruh rakyat Indonesia tanpa terkecuali, Kurikulum pendidikan tinggi saat ini berbasis kompetensi yang mengacu pada kualifikasi akademik. Alasan dilakukannya pembaharuan sistem kebijakan pendidikan tinggi adalah karena kualitas lulusan pendidikan tinggi yang belum mampu menjawab kebutuhan dan daya saing global. Serta  ketimpangan antara profil lulusan pendidikan tinggi dengan standar kualifikasi tenaga kerja yang dibutuhkan pasar kerja.Kata kunci : pembaharuan, kebijakan, pendidikan
Analisis Claim Nelayan Tiongkok Atas Traditional Fishing Ground Di Perairan Natuna
Authors: Ernandi Syafril
Published: February 2018

Sebagai Negara kepulauan Indonesia mempunyai kedaulatan atas wilayah laut di bawahnya serta ruang udara di atasnya, hal ini tetuang dalam Undang-Undang Dasar (UUD) 1945 pasal 33 ayat 3. Faktanya Potensi sumber daya alam di perairan natuna ini memicu konflik dengan negara Tiongkok.. Metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan statute approach. Hasil peneltian pertama bahwa Berdasarkan ketentuan pasal 56 United Nations Convention on the Law of the sea (Konvensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Tentang Hukum Laut 1982) serta pasal 4 ayat 1 Undang-Undang nomor 5 Tahun 1983 Tentang Zona Ekonomi Eksklusif Indonesia maka Kepulauan Natuna merupakan negara pantai yang masuk ke dalam wilayah zona ekonomi eksklusif Indonesia yang berjarak 200 mil laut. Demikian Indonesia memiliki hak berdaulat untuk melakukan eksplorasi dan eksploitasi, konservasi serta pengelolaan sumber kekayaan alam, baik hayati maupun non-hayati, dari perairan diatas, dasar laut dan tanah dibawahnya, khususnya kegiatan penagkapan ikan di Kepulauan Natuna, Hasil penelitian kedua adalah Penangkapan ikan (illegal fishing) yang dilakukan oleh Tiongkok dengan disertai klaim Traditional Fishing Ground di Kepulauan Natuna ini tidak dikenal dalam UNCLOS 1982 melainkan hanya mengenal Traditional Fishing Right yang tertuang dalam Bab IV pasal 51 ayat (1) Konvensi Hukum Laut 1982. Demikian klaim Traditional Fishing Ground oleh Tiongkok tidak mempunyai dasar hukum internasional atau bertentangan dengan UNCLOS 1982. Kata Kunci : Hak Berdaulat, ZEE, Traditional Fishing Ground
Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Penulisan Karya Tulis Ilmiah Bagi Guru SD
Authors: Ilfiandra Ilfiandra , Suherman Uman , Akhmad Sudaryat Nurdin , Budiamin Amin , Setiawati Setiawati
Published: February 2018

The main goal of this program is supplying elementary school teachers who have competence in writing paper on developing teacher profession. Operationally, the goals of program are: 1) supplying skilled teachers who are ready to do socialization many kinds of developing of teacher profession; 2) helping teacher to be able to develop their profession especially in writing scientific paper of result of classroom action research (PTK); 3) skilling teachers in conducting classroom action research in their classroom; 4) skilling teachers in arranging report of research and scientific journal article of PTK result, and 6) publishing special edition journal that contained the article of PTK result that written by teachers. For pursuit the goals, here it is using methods of training, workshop ad assistance. In the end of this program, the gained result are: 1) there are 27 elementary teachers class of IVa participating the training program wholly in 26 hours of lesson; 2) 4 times of assistance program have been conducted in several activities of planning, actuating, and writing report of PTK; 3) 27 report of PTK are supplied by every participants by guiding and directing of assistance team; 4) 27 articles of PTK result are supplied that is possibly published in local journal or national; 5) a publisher is built in local of “MANONJAYA” for promoting result of teacher PTK; and 6) the best two articles are ready to be published by publisher in UPI.
Penyuluhan Kompetensi Komunikasi Non Verbal Bagi Masyarakat di Desa Mekarmukti, Bandung Barat
Authors: Indriani Sri Seti , Prasanti Ditha
Published: February 2018

Non-verbal communication is the delivery of messages without words and gives meaning to verbal communication, where non-verbal communication is older than verbal communication because since we were born we have done it until the age of about 18 months, such as touch, smile, crying eyes, and so on. Without us knowing we have practiced it, it is no wonder, if we doubt someone, we are more confident in the nonverbal message (probably from his movements). This shows how important we are to learn the knowledge of non-verbal communication. This is what underlies the author performs Community Service (PKM) with the title "Communication Non-Verbal Communication Competence for People in the village of Mekarmukti, West Bandung". This extension activity was conducted to the community in the village of Mekarmukti, district. West Bandung. Community Service Activities has the purpose to produce the following outcomes: 1) Providing concrete knowledge and insight about non-verbal communication and its current development to the community in Mekarmukti Village, West Bandung Regency; 2) Providing comprehensive knowledge and insight on non-verbal communication concepts, as well as good communication tips. Method of PKM implementation conducted in this extension activity is ice breaking method; lecture method; and feedback collection methods.
Editorial Vol.XIII
Authors: Sutihar Deo Narayan
Published: February 2018

No abstract available.
Awareness Regarding Health Effects of Pesticides Use among Farmers in a Municipality of Rupandehi District
Authors: Gurung Saraj , Kunwar M
Published: February 2018

INTRODUCTION: Pesticides are natural or synthetic agents that are used to kill unwanted plant or animal pests. Pesticides use is the most attractive method of controlling pest which involves less labour and characterised higher outcome per hector of land. Extensive use of such pesticides results in substantial health and environmental threats.MATERIAL & METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional design was used for the study to find out awareness regarding health effects of pesticides use. Fifty vegetable farmers were selected as the study sample by non purposive and snow ball sampling technique. Pretested structured interview schedule was used for data collection and analyzed by using descriptive statistics.RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that respondents were aware that skin irritation (96%), dermatitis (92%), dizziness (98%), headache (96%) as poisoning symptoms in skin and nervous system. Respondents were aware nausea (84%), vomiting (96%), dyspnoea (88%), and throat itching (76%) as poisoning symptoms in gastro-intestinal and respiratory system. Respondents were also aware that eye irritation (96%) and burning (90%), and tachycardia (90%) as poisoning symptoms of pesticide use in eye and cardio vascular system. They were aware that use of pesticides may cause cancer (88%), foetal death (74%), infertility (66%), birth defects (66%) and miscarriage (56%) as long term effects. Cent percent of respondents were aware that washing exposed part with soap water, taking bath and changing clothes asimmediate actions after pesticides contact with bodyCONCLUSION: Based on the findings of the study more than half of respondents had low level of awareness regarding health effects of pesticides use. So, it is recommended to organize awareness program to the farmers regarding health effects of pesticides use.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Vol. 5, No, 2, 2017, Page: 18-21
Antibiogram of Salmonella Spp Isolates in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Gajurel Damodar , Sharma Rabi Prakash , Dhungana Krishna , Neupane Samir , Lamsal Kamal , Karki Prasant , Acharya Sudikshya
Published: February 2018

INTRODUCTION: Drug resistant Salmonella spp. is endemic in several Asian countries. Nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A show reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and have resulted in a rise in treatment failures. Over the past few decades, nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella spp have emerged in Nepal as well.MATERIAL & METHODS: This is a retrospective study that aims to provide a more recent antibiogram of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A isolates in Kathmandu. Between Poush, 2071 and Ashwin, 2072 (December 16, 2014 to October 17, 2015), 186 culture positive cases of enteric fever were diagnosed at the Civil Service Hospital. Upon isolation of S. Typhi or S. Paratyphi A, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with amoxicillin, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and tetracyciline.RESULTS: This study shows a much higher frequency of nalidixic acid-resistance in Kathmandu than previously reported; 95.7% in Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A and 86.5% in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi.The rates of ciprofloxacinand ofloxacin-resistance were over 50% in both serovar.CONCLUSION: In Nepal, it is necessary to reevaluate the use of fluoroquinolone therapy and introduce feasible alternatives so as to curb treatment failures.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol. 5, No, 2, Page: 22-25
Registration of ‘UA114’ Cotton Cultivar
Authors: Bourland Fred M. , Jones Don C.
Published: February 2018

‘UA114’ (Reg. No. CV‐137, PI 685639) is a conventional cultivar of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) released by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station in April 2017. The cultivar was released as part of an ongoing effort to develop improved genotypes having enhanced yield, yield components, earliness, host plant resistance, and fiber properties. UA114 expressed earlier maturation than ‘DP 393’, which is considered a short‐season cultivar. Over Arkansas strain tests (four locations and 4 yr), UA114 produced 7.4 and 18.0% higher lint yield than DP 393 and ‘UA48’, respectively. UA114 is widely adapted and can produce high yields in contrasting environments. In the 2014 Regional Breeders Testing Network Test, UA114 produced lint yields equal to the highest‐yielding line (of 30 entries) at 10 of the 11 locations, as well as when evaluated over all locations. UA114 displays high resistance to bacterial blight and is similar to DP 393 in its response to most other diseases and to tarnished plant bug. Fiber quality of UA114 is similar to that of ‘UA222’. Its quality score value exceeded DP 393 but was lower than UA48. In most tests, UA114 produced longer fiber length, higher length uniformity, higher strength, and higher elongation than DP 393. UA114 displays an uncommon combination of high yielding ability, host plant resistance, early maturity, and high fiber quality.
A Young Lady With Headache and Transient Loss of Vission
Authors: Siddiqui Md Mahmudur Rahman , Asif Dewan Shamsul
Published: February 2018

Abstract not availableBangladesh J Medicine Jan 2018; 29(1) : 48
Hume's Colors and Newton's Colored Lights
Authors: Kervick Dan
Published: February 2018

In a 2004 paper, ‘Hume's Missing Shade of Blue Reconsidered from a Newtonian Perspective,’ Eric Schliesser argues that Hume's well-known discussion of the missing shade of blue ‘reveals considerable ignorance of Newton's achievement in optics,’ and that Hume has failed to assimilate the lessons taught by Newton's optical experiments. I argue in this paper, contrary to Schliesser, that Hume's views on color are logically and evidentially independent of Newton's results. In developing my reading, I will argue that Schliesser accepts an overly broad interpretation of the implications of Newton's experimental results, and takes inadequate account of Hume's disciplined methodological restrictions on the kinds of experiential evidence that are to be admitted in building the foundations of his science of human nature.
Reid's Primary/Secondary Quality Distinction in a Broad Context
Authors: Gur Arye Adam Weiler
Published: February 2018

The paper focuses on Reid's unique epistemological distinction between the primary and the secondary qualities and examines it in relation to other facets of his philosophy: his stance vis-à-vis the scientific inquiries of secondary qualities; his aesthetics; his analysis of the perception of the primary quality of hardness; his theory of learning. An inquiry into the primary/secondary distinction which takes into account such a broad context will reveal it to be far more sophisticated, dynamic and flexible than an analysis of the distinction which solely takes into consideration the passages in which the Scottish philosopher directly and straightforwardly introduces it.
Pity and Sympathy: Aristotle versus Plato and Smith versus Hume
Authors: Grigoriou Christos
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this paper is to build a parallelism between Aristotle's debate with Plato on the merits of poetry and the debate of Hume with Smith on the nature of sympathy. My arguments is that the Aristotelian concept of pity, as presented in the Poetics, presupposes a mechanism of sympathy which is akin to the Smithian one, as articulated in his Theory of Moral Sentiments. Accordingly, I reconstruct Aristotle's debate with Plato on poetry as a debate on the operation and value of sympathy, and I trace an intriguing contiguity on the way Plato and Hume understood the mechanism of sympathy.
La « soviétisation » des héritages du XIXe siècle : l'exemple de Nikolaï Leskov (Lady Macbeth du district de Mtsensk)
Authors: Géry Catherine
Published: February 2018

The posterity of Leskov's novel Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District (1 865) in the Soviet arts demonstrates the essential presence of the "classical" XXth century in the Soviet XXth century through adaptations. As a historic-cultural transfer involving various formal strategies, the adaptation may be an original creation especially since the different adaptations of the same text are likely to interact with each other. Any adaptation is at the same time a memory act and a gloss, a commentary and an exploitation of the object it refers to. That is why the textual, visual and musical remakes of Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District can provide very useful elements to understand the way Leskov was read and interpreted in the XXth century, as well as showing how the cultural heritages of the XIXth century was treated in the Soviet Russia, at a time when the spoken word was losing its supremacy in favour of the image as a new way of propagating common values (moral, cultural, identity) or, to use an overused word, as a new propaganda medium. It is also a means of circumventing censorship (political and sexual), and integrating it at the same time, obeying the doxa and sometimes unwittingly disputing its precepts, loving order in an ambivalent way while mistrusting the authorities that embody that order, canonizing and challenging models, which is revealed by the way in which Leskov adapts the story. This mechanism reveals a mapping of the cultural practices and their evolution through the XXth century in the USSR.
La commune de Bolchevo (1924-1938) ou la fabrique de l'Homme nouveau ?
Authors: Bouvard Josette
Published: February 2018

The Commune was used for propaganda purposes both inside and outside the Soviet Union. It was claimed to be a successful model, offering a way to transform young criminals into good citizens, regenerating them through useful work. It was an open centre for young delinquents, paradoxically managed by the NKVD. As can be seen in interviews given by young activists in the Commune, it was an example of an open-entry, self-managed initiative seeking to reform young delinquents rather than punish them. The aim was to enable these young people to re-enter normal Soviet life as productive workers. The experiment was terminated terminated after the arrest of the NKVD chief Yagoda. The first director of the Commune, Pogrebinsky, committed suicide in the wake of Yagoda' s fall. In the Great Terror that followed, many of those involved in the Commune, staff and inmates, were executed or sent to the Gulag.
Des communautés artistiques de la période prérévolutionnaire au « kollektiv » durant les années 1920 : les avatars de l'Homme nouveau au théâtre
Authors: Kempf Lucie
Published: February 2018

At the beginning of the 20th century, some theatrical Utopias tell in advance the coming of a New Man on stage. Theatre appears then as the locus where this inner transformation of man will occur insofar as the country is literally struck by a «thea- tromania» that will improve after the revolution. These theatrical Utopias rest upon two core notions : community (obscina, sobornaja obscina) and life consruction (ziznestroenie), the former being supported by V. Ivanov, the latter by N. Evreïnov. However distinct they may be, these Utopias share a common feature : art stops being an end in itself and becomes a means for transforming life. After 1917, they will go on influencing Soviet theatre through three channels : the ideas of the Proletkult, particularly those of Kerzencev, the cultural action of the Party through Lunacarsky and the avant-garde constructivist theories. Either before or after the Revolution, theatre in Russia aims at permeating the whole of life in a movement that revolves around the notion of community because it is the collective experience that forms the backbone of this genuine pan-theatricalism. If, after 1917, the expression kollektiv replaces obscina, it is because the factory has become the model of the ideal community in a country on its way to industrialization.
Les articles de Gorki dans la formation des jeunes écrivains soviétiques au tournant des années trente
Authors: Rolet Serge
Published: February 2018

Gorky believed that Soviet literature was inadequately performing the role the Revolution had assigned it. It was not participating actively enough in the « construction » of socialism. Indeed, it was not reflecting (or rather, not reflecting very well) the « material » (i.e. the socialist society that the revolutionary proletariat was in the process of creating). The reasons for this collective failure were primarily writers' ignorance, and their poor knowledge of Russian. The standard of literary language must be maintained, and popular expressions must be selected judiciously. Reflecting reality is a specific kind of task, distinct from ideology. Literature was also threatened by a certain petty bourgeois mentality, and by a selfish individualism and a harmful attachment to the past, which prevented writers from seeing the achievements of socialism. This damning diagnosis, and this defence of literature against interference by the political authorities, were themselves expressed in the extremist and simplistic discourse of political slogans.
L'affaire Paŭlinka de Ianka Koupala (1882-1942) sous la « loi Nefed » (1916-1999) ou comment produire du texte « soviétique » à partir d'écrits qui ne le sont pas
Authors: Symaniec Virginie
Published: February 2018

From 1939 to 1996, Vladimir Ivanovich Nefed (1916-1999) was one of the most powerful men in Belarusian theatre. His pen could determine success or social death. The history of the Belarusian Soviet theatre was written in his own image, dramatic texts rewritten and performances adapted to suit his views on what should be the « Soviet theatre » of Belarussia. In this paper, we illustrate the importance of the involvement of this man in « the Soviet factory of Arts and Culture » through a case study : the history of Paûlinka. This drama, written in 1912 by Ianka Kupala (1882- 1942), was revised to suit Soviet ideology and to become a touchstone for all representations of Belarusian-ness , loyal to Soviet power. Pending further research to better clarify the identity of Vladimir Nefed, this case study seems to show, how one can produce a political aesthetic and a Soviet drama from a text that is anything but Soviet. It also shows how a man can rewrite the cultural history of a whole country to justify his own creation, stereotypes and ideas : a cultural history in which we continue to list, today, all the forgeries.
Architectes soviétiques, ou le socialisme à façade presque humaine
Authors: Bellat Fabien
Published: February 2018

Visionaries convinced that they were inventing the world of the Revolution, prerevolutionary specialists adapting themselves to the new Soviet standards, courtiers surviving every political shift in the tide, professionals crushed by the fights between rival spheres of influence : if this description could apply to the members of the Politburo or the Writers Union, it also fits to the architects who defined the monumental appearance of the USSR.

So, although he designed the Lenin Mausoleum, Alekseï Chtchoussev was accused of being a "bourgeois exploiter». A respected teacher, Ivan Zholtovski experienced many personal attacks because of his apolitical stance. Virulent opponents of the constructivists whom they pushed aside mercilessly, Arkadi Mordvinov and Karo Alabian seemed triumphant Macbeths of the Stalinist era - before they too were ostracized during the period of destalinization. Having worshipped Le Corbusier, modernists such as Andrei' Burov and Nikolai Kolli tried to erase their past, painfully preserving a place in the Soviet architectural world. After 1945, architects such as Evgueni Rozanov or Mikhail Posokhine seemed the perfect homo sovieticus : born at the same time as the Revolution, but raised with the Soviet bureaucracy, they were skilled in the art of political survival and the use of an increasingly artificial communist rhetoric - giving to the regime the illusion of imperial greatness.

Through these typical personalities, we can see how these professionals evolved, how they invented a Soviet way of being an architect - and how their ideological or aesthetic strategies had an impact on the architecture of the Soviet Union.
Construction et déconstruction par le mensonge. Approche sémiologique du mensonge à partir du carré sémiotique de Greimas « vérité - mensonge - fausseté - secret »
Authors: Bourmeyster Alexandre
Published: February 2018

This paper explores how the distinction between the term "lie" and "untrue", "false" and "deception". A. J. Greimas's semiotic square and his "veridictory" modalities anable us to identify what is true, false, secret or untrue, and who speaks about the Soviet Union : the loyal communist, the anti-Soviet sympathiser, the specialist of the UdSSR or the duped revolutionary. The best witness for the prosecution is the one who, after breaking with the Soviet state, has not traded in his convictions for bourgeois opinions or for fascism - as he was always accused of by the Communists - but has persisted in defending the Truth. Such "Men of Midnight" include Boris Souva- rine, the author of Staline, aperçu historique du bolchevisme (1935), Victor Serge and his Retour à l 'Ouest : chroniques 1936-1940, and Ante Ciliga, author of Au Pays du Grand mensonge (1938). Living a lie leads to losing one's own human dignity and self-respect. The Soviet regime destroyed the identity of its people, but created the Skaz, a formal Legend instilled into everybody's mind. When it was accepted, the Skaz offered a protection, a kind of habeas corpus, a mask to shown to foreigners. Unfortunately, this art of lying has survived the Soviet Union, and many people today persist in lying in Russia through patriotism.
Le premier récit d'un Français en Russie : le voyage de Jean Sauvage en Moscovie en 1586
Authors: Vianey Bruno
Published: February 2018

The first known text written in French about a Frenchman who ventured a sea- voyage to Russia was written in 1586 by Jean Sauvage. Sauvage came from Dieppe, Normandy, and sailed round Cape North towards Arkhangelsk. His voyage had a specific, commercial purpose. It also marked the beginning of diplomatic, commercial and cultural relations between France and Russia.
Le Caucase : un espace instable au cœur de la littérature romantique russe
Authors: Géry Catherine
Published: February 2018

In the 20-30 's of the XIXth century, the Caucasus abundantly nourished the Russian literature and artistic imagination. As a "New Parnassus" and a "warm Siberia" - that is as a source of poetic creation and a space of relegation for an entire generation of writers (Pushkin, Lermontov, Bestuzhev, Griboedov. . .), as a mental construction and a colonial space, as a paradigm of romantic modernity and a place of ancient legends, the Caucasus initiated a new reflection on civilization's values and Russia's historical future faced with Western and Eastern cultures. The Russian literary discourse on the Caucasus is clearly ambivalent ; the formation of this discourse allows to analyze the different functions devoted to "the other space" from both aesthetic and ideological points of view. How does Russian literature consider the colonized and "primitive" people ? What are the dominant images ? Representations of the "Russian East" are parts of complex identity strategies whose stakes are high and exceed a simple recognition of cultural differences.
L'influence du folklore russe sur le folklore du Caucase : l'exemple des légendes ossètes sur les Nartes
Authors: Lajoye Patrice
Published: February 2018

French and Anglo-Saxon specialists of Caucasian mythology tend to consider it as conservatory and archaic, little or not affected by cultural contacts with neighbouring regions. However, several examples show that the Ossetians and their neighbours regularly borrowed from the Russians, for instance various mythological motifs characteristic of the byliny.
Généalogie de l'« âme russe » : le moment Vogüé
Authors: Ivanova Nadia
Published: February 2018

The present paper explores the various factors which gave rise to the notion of «Russian soul» in Eugène-Melchior de Vogue's essay Le Roman russe (The Russian Novel). The author offers an original literary analysis of Le Roman russe, highlighting the various philosophical ideas, popular in the 19th century, which helped Eugène-Melchior de Vogué conceptualize the "Russian soul." The author divides these influences into two categories : "the French side" and "the Russian side." The "French side" includes : 1) Historicaly rooted 19th century French stereotypes about what being "Russian" means ; 2) the need to consider Russia as a country capable of helping France.

The "Russian side" includes the ideas of early 19th century Russian thinkers who developed the conceptions of "Russian messianism", "Russian national character" and "Russianness".

In conclusion, the author suggests that Eugène-Melchior de Vogué 's conceptualization of the "Russian soul" in his Le Roman russe crystallized under the influence of "French-side", as well as "Russian-side" factors, an that it is marked with "exoticism", as Tzvetan Todorov defined it. In accordance with the logic of opacity of exoticism, Russia is depicted as an ultimately unknowable Other epitomized in the conception of the "Russian soul".
Ode à l'odeur (les noms prédicatifs de « sensations olfactives » en russe)
Authors: Thomières-Kokochkina Irina
Published: February 2018

This paper deals with an overlooked domain of Russian grammar : predicative nouns signifying olfactory sensations. Simple nouns appear when the origin of the smell is context explicit, in the presence of an adjective of belonging, and/or when the speaker cannot or does not wish to provide any information about the origin of the smell. Compound nouns are of the type "smell name + specifier". The latter is related to the origin of the smell (object, substance, place name, abstract noun). The functioning of simple and compound smell nouns is governed by the principle of Occam's razor and the theory of prototypes.
Lyapunov estimation for high-speed demodulation in multifrequency atomic force microscopy
Authors: Harcombe David M , Ruppert Michael G , Ragazzon Michael R P , Fleming Andrew J
Published: February 2018

An important issue in the emerging field of multifrequency atomic force microscopy (MF-AFM) is the accurate and fast demodulation of the cantilever-tip deflection signal. As this signal consists of multiple frequency components and noise processes, a lock-in amplifier is typically employed for its narrowband response. However, this demodulator suffers inherent bandwidth limitations as high-frequency mixing products must be filtered out and several must be operated in parallel. Many MF-AFM methods require amplitude and phase demodulation at multiple frequencies of interest, enabling both z-axis feedback and phase contrast imaging to be achieved. This article proposes a model-based multifrequency Lyapunov filter implemented on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) for high-speed MF-AFM demodulation. System descriptions and simulations are verified by experimental results demonstrating high tracking bandwidths, strong off-mode rejection and minor sensitivity to cross-coupling effects. Additionally, a five-frequency system operating at 3.5 MHz is implemented for higher harmonic amplitude and phase imaging up to 1 MHz.
Characterizing and Validating Stripe Rust Resistance Loci in US Pacific Northwest Winter Wheat Accessions (Triticum aestivumL.) by Genome‐wide Association and Linkage Mapping
Authors: Liu Weizhen , Naruoka Yukiko , Miller Kaitlin , Garland‐Campbell Kimberly A. , Carter Arron H.
Published: February 2018

Stripe rust resistance is a critical need for wheat cultivars in the US Pacific Northwest (PNW). Our previous genome‐wide association study (GWAS) for stripe rust resistance in a set of PNW winter wheat accessions (Panel‐2) identified multiple marker‐trait associations (MTAs) for both all‐stage and field resistance. In this study, we conducted additional GWAS using a different set of PNW winter wheat accessions (Panel‐1) that contained recently bred soft white winter wheat breeding lines and cultivars. A total of 12 all‐stage resistance MTAs and eight field resistance MTAs were identified. Within these MTAs, nine MTAs for all‐stage resistance and two MTAs for field resistance were located distinctly from previously characterized genes and likely represent novel loci. Markers IWB60567 (1B), IWB24342 (2A), and IWB46564 (2B) explained the largest phenotypic variances for disease responses. The analysis confirmed that MTAs on chromosome 1B were indeed the same asQyr.wpg‐1B.2identified in Panel‐2 and that MTAs on chromosome 2A were likelyYr17and closely linked to another field resistance QTL,Qyr.wpg‐2A.2(Panel‐2). Haplotypes for MTAs on chromosome 1B,Yr17, and linked loci on chromosome 2A provide useful information for marker development and introgression of these QTL into wheat breeding programs.
A Model Connecting Galaxy Masses, Star Formation Rates, and Dust Temperatures across Cosmic Time
Authors: Imara Nia , Loeb Abraham , Johnson Benjamin D. , Conroy Charlie , Behroozi Peter
Published: February 2018

We investigate the evolution of dust content in galaxies from redshifts z = 0 to z = 9.5. Using empirically motivated prescriptions, we model galactic-scale properties—including halo mass, stellar mass, star formation rate, gas mass, and metallicity—to make predictions for the galactic evolution of dust mass and dust temperature in main-sequence galaxies. Our simple analytic model, which predicts that galaxies in the early universe had greater quantities of dust than their low-redshift counterparts, does a good job of reproducing observed trends between galaxy dust and stellar mass out to z ≈ 6. We find that for fixed galaxy stellar mass, the dust temperature increases from z = 0 to z = 6. Our model forecasts a population of low-mass, high-redshift galaxies with interstellar dust as hot as, or hotter than, their more massive counterparts; but this prediction needs to be constrained by observations. Finally, we make predictions for observing 1.1 mm flux density arising from interstellar dust emission with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array.
The Stellar IMF from Isothermal MHD Turbulence
Authors: Haugbølle Troels , Padoan Paolo , Nordlund Åke
Published: February 2018

We address the turbulent fragmentation scenario for the origin of the stellar initial mass function (IMF), using a large set of numerical simulations of randomly driven supersonic MHD turbulence. The turbulent fragmentation model successfully predicts the main features of the observed stellar IMF assuming an isothermal equation of state without any stellar feedback. As a test of the model, we focus on the case of a magnetized isothermal gas, neglecting stellar feedback, while pursuing a large dynamic range in both space and timescales covering the full spectrum of stellar masses from brown dwarfs to massive stars. Our simulations represent a generic 4 pc region within a typical Galactic molecular cloud, with a mass of 3000 M
⊙ and an rms velocity 10 times the isothermal sound speed and 5 times the average Alfvén velocity, in agreement with observations. We achieve a maximum resolution of 50 au and a maximum duration of star formation of 4.0 Myr, forming up to a thousand sink particles whose mass distribution closely matches the observed stellar IMF. A large set of medium-size simulations is used to test the sink particle algorithm, while larger simulations are used to test the numerical convergence of the IMF and the dependence of the IMF turnover on physical parameters predicted by the turbulent fragmentation model. We find a clear trend toward numerical convergence and strong support for the model predictions, including the initial time evolution of the IMF. We conclude that the physics of isothermal MHD turbulence is sufficient to explain the origin of the IMF.
Theory and Transport of Nearly Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence. IV. Solar Coronal Turbulence
Authors: Zank G. P. , Adhikari L. , Hunana P. , Tiwari S. K. , Moore R. , Shiota D. , Bruno R. , Telloni D.
Published: February 2018

A new model describing the transport and evolution of turbulence in the quiet solar corona is presented. In the low plasma beta environment, transverse photospheric convective fluid motions drive predominantly quasi-2D (nonpropagating) turbulence in the mixed-polarity “magnetic carpet,” together with a minority slab (Alfvénic) component. We use a simplified sub-Alfvénic flow velocity profile to solve transport equations describing the evolution and dissipation of turbulence from

(including the Alfvén surface). Typical coronal base parameters are used, although one model uses correlation lengths derived observationally by Abramenko et al., and the other assumes values 10 times larger. The model predicts that (1) the majority quasi-2D turbulence evolves from a balanced state at the coronal base to an imbalanced state, with outward fluctuations dominating, at and beyond the Alfvén surface, i.e., inward turbulent fluctuations are dissipated preferentially; (2) the initially imbalanced slab component remains imbalanced throughout the solar corona, being dominated by outwardly propagating Alfvén waves, and wave reflection is weak; (3) quasi-2D turbulence becomes increasingly magnetized, and beyond

, the kinetic energy is mainly in slab fluctuations; (4) there is no accumulation of inward energy at the Alfvén surface; (5) inertial range quasi-2D rather than slab fluctuations are preferentially dissipated within

; and (6) turbulent dissipation of quasi-2D fluctuations is sufficient to heat the corona to temperatures

K within

, consistent with observations that suggest that the fast solar wind is accelerated most efficiently between

.
The Number Density Evolution of Extreme Emission Line Galaxies in 3D-HST: Results from a Novel Automated Line Search Technique for Slitless Spectroscopy*
Authors: Maseda Michael V. , van der Wel Arjen , Rix Hans-Walter , Momcheva Ivelina , Brammer Gabriel B. , Franx Marijn , Lundgren Britt F. , Skelton Rosalind E. , Whitaker Katherine E.
Published: February 2018

The multiplexing capability of slitless spectroscopy is a powerful asset in creating large spectroscopic data sets, but issues such as spectral confusion make the interpretation of the data challenging. Here we present a new method to search for emission lines in the slitless spectroscopic data from the 3D-HST survey utilizing the Wide-Field Camera 3 on board the Hubble Space Telescope. Using a novel statistical technique, we can detect compact (extended) emission lines at 90% completeness down to fluxes of

, close to the noise level of the grism exposures, for objects detected in the deep ancillary photometric data. Unlike previous methods, the Bayesian nature allows for probabilistic line identifications, namely redshift estimates, based on secondary emission line detections and/or photometric redshift priors. As a first application, we measure the comoving number density of Extreme Emission Line Galaxies (restframe [O iii] λ5007 equivalent widths in excess of 500 Å). We find that these galaxies are nearly 10× more common above z ∼ 1.5 than at z ≲ 0.5. With upcoming large grism surveys such as Euclid and WFIRST, as well as grisms featured prominently on the NIRISS and NIRCam instruments on the James Webb Space Telescope, methods like the one presented here will be crucial for constructing emission line redshift catalogs in an automated and well-understood manner.
The Variable Fast Soft X-Ray Wind in PG 1211+143
Authors: Reeves J. N. , Lobban A. , Pounds K. A.
Published: February 2018

The analysis of a series of seven observations of the nearby (z = 0.0809) QSO PG 1211+143, taken with the Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) onboard XMM-Newton in 2014, are presented. The high-resolution soft X-ray spectrum, with a total exposure exceeding 600 ks, shows a series of blueshifted absorption lines from the He and H-like transitions of N, O, and Ne, as well as from L-shell Fe. The strongest absorption lines are all systematically blueshifted by −0.06c, originating in two absorption zones from low- and high-ionization gas. Both zones are variable on timescales of days, with the variations in absorber opacity effectively explained by either column density changes or the absorber ionization responding directly to the continuum flux. We find that the soft X-ray absorbers probably exist in a two-phase wind at a radial distance of ∼1017–1018 cm from the black hole with the lower-ionization gas as denser clumps embedded within a higher-ionization outflow. The overall mass outflow rate of the soft X-ray wind may be as high as

yr−1, close to the Eddington rate for PG 1211+143 and similar to that previously deduced from the Fe K absorption.
Main-belt Asteroids in the K2 Uranus Field
Authors: Molnár L. , Pál A. , Sárneczky K. , Szabó R. , Vinkó J. , Szabó Gy. M. , Kiss Cs. , Hanyecz O. , Marton G. , Kiss L. L.
Published: February 2018

We present the K2 light curves of a large sample of untargeted main-belt asteroids (MBAs) detected with the Kepler Space Telescope. The asteroids were observed within the Uranus superstamp, a relatively large, continuous field with a low stellar background designed to cover the planet Uranus and its moons during Campaign 8 of the K2 mission. The superstamp offered the possibility of obtaining precise, uninterrupted light curves of a large number of MBAs and thus determining unambiguous rotation rates for them. We obtained photometry for 608 MBAs, and were able to determine or estimate rotation rates for 90 targets, of which 86 had no known values before. In an additional 16 targets we detected incomplete cycles and/or eclipse-like events. We found the median rotation rate to be significantly longer than that of the ground-based observations, indicating that the latter are biased toward shorter rotation rates. Our study highlights the need and benefits of further continuous photometry of asteroids.
Faire entrer le plurilinguisme dans les équipes cliniques
Authors: Leanza Yvan
Published: February 2018

À partir du cadre théorique de la niche d’activité professionnelle et d’études effectuées au Québec, un portrait des pratiques et représentations du travail avec interprètes dans les soins est dressé. Ce portrait est d’abord fait pour les contextes non sensibles aux dimensions linguistiques et culturelles des soins. Il est ensuite dépeint plus en détail avec deux études menées en contextes sensibles. Cette comparaison permet de mettre en évidence les niveaux de contexte qu’il est nécessaire de prendre en compte pour l’intégration des interprètes dans les équipes de soins et pour établir une collaboration interprète-praticien de qualité : politique, institutionnelle (qui inclut les dimensions structurelle et collaborative), de formation et déontologique. Pour chacun d’eux, les conditions idéales pour établir une collaboration interprète-praticien-usager constructive sont décrites.
Le culturel dans le dessin d’enfant : de l’adaptation de l’interprétation à une phénoménologie de la culture
Authors: Caldairou-Bessette Prudence , Zenetzis Claudia , Krymko-Bleton Irène
Published: February 2018

Cet article vise à sensibiliser le lecteur à l’importance de l’aspect culturel dans l’interprétation du dessin. Il soutien et nuance également la pertinence du dessin d’enfant comme instrument méthodologique d’étude des phénomènes subjectifs et culturels, en permettant une proximité privilégiée avec un sujet vivant dans une culture. Une illustration est présentée à partir d’une étude de cas de 4 dessins (libre, bonhomme, famille, famille idéale) d’un enfant de la Côte d’Ivoire recueillis dans le cadre de la recherche internationale CoPsyEnfant. Cette illustration nous amène à conclure que la culture doit être considérée pour l’interprétation, mais que le processus d’interprétation lui-même nous permet de découvrir la culture. Nous explorons finalement la valeur du dessin comme phénoménologie culturelle, et le proposons comme matériel permettant de formuler des hypothèses et questions sur les transformations culturelles, ou sur la culture dans sa forme actuelle.
Quelles politiques promouvoir en Méditerranée ?
Authors: Coustillière Jean-François
Published: February 2018

Les nombreux bouleversements que l’espace euro-méditerranéen a récemment connus ont entraîné, outre crises et conflits, le creusement des inégalités, de nouveaux flux migratoires et des trafics de tous ordres. Il importe donc d’imaginer de nouvelles démarches qui tiennent compte des nouveaux rapports internationaux et des composantes transnationales.
Le Rif, un « volcan » méditerranéen
Authors: Bendjelloun Omar
Published: February 2018

Le Maroc s’est adapté au « printemps arabe » par l’annonce de réformes et un redéploiement institutionnel. L’absence d’impact démocratique et social de ces mesures se manifeste aujourd’hui dans la région du Rif, où l’État oscille entre l’approche sécuritaire et réformatrice, dans la recherche permanente d’une troisième voie entre autoritarisme et démocratie.
La societá ecclesiastica nell’Italia del VI secolo: clericalis ordo e scrinia apostolica attraverso l’Epistolario di papa Gregorio Magno
Authors: Acerbi Silvia
Published: February 2018

La sociedad eclesiástica en la Italia del siglo VI: clericalis ordo e scrinia apostolica a través del Epistolario del Papa Gregorio Magno. Análisis de la sociedad eclesiástica italiana de finales del siglo VI y principios del VII por medio del Epistolario del Papa Gregorio Magno, en el que se pone el acento en la labor reformadora del pontífice sobre el aparato burocrático administrativo y la centralización de la gestión de los bienes eclesiásticos y la organización de la ecclesia en ordines.
Quality Management and Supply Chain Management Practices towards Operational Performance: A Study of the Rubber Manufacturing Industry of Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayalath Ushantha , Samarasinghe G. D. , Kuruppu G. N. , Prasanna R. , Perera H. S. C.
Published: February 2018

Rubber industry, one of the growing industries in the world creates a vacuum to exploit foreign markets especially for countries like Sri Lanka. However, lack of strategic relationships and low quality products with higher cost keep Sri Lanka’s rubber industry performance away from the global market. Since supply chain management (SCM) is implicated in the issue of external relationships and quality management (QM) is implicated in low product quality, the key aim of this study was to test the relationships between SCM, QM and organisational performance, in the context of the rubber industry in Sri Lanka. In particular, it empirically tested the mediating role played by SCM in the relationship between QM and operational performance (OP) of rubber manufacturing organisations though this relationship has already been established in theoretical literature. Data was gathered through a questionnaire from managers of 44 firms in the rubber products manufacturing sector in Sri Lanka. Data was analysed with the descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. The results indicated that QM practices and SCM practices improve OP while SCM practices are partially mediating the effect of QM practices on OP. The results of this study help the rubber products manufacturing organisations in Sri Lanka to formulate successful strategies by enhancing the OP via QM and SCM practices.
Sensitivity of airborne radio occultation to tropospheric properties over ocean and land
Authors: Xie Feiqin , Adhikari Loknath , Haase Jennifer S. , Murphy Brian , Wang Kuo-Nung , Garrison James L.
Published: February 2018

Abstract. Airborne radio occultation (ARO) measurements collected
during a ferry flight at the end of the PRE-Depression Investigation of
Cloud-systems in the Tropics (PREDICT) field campaign from the Virgin Islands
to Colorado are analyzed. The large contrast in atmospheric conditions along
the flight path from the warm and moist Caribbean Sea to the much drier and
cooler continental conditions provides a unique opportunity to address the
sensitivity of ARO measurements to the tropospheric temperature and moisture
changes. This long flight at nearly constant altitude (∼ 13 km)
provided an optimal configuration for simultaneous high-quality ARO
measurements from two high-gain side-looking antennas, as well as one
relatively lower gain zenith (top) antenna. The omnidirectional top antenna
has the advantage of tracking robustly more occulting satellites in all
direction as compared to the limited-azimuth tracking of the side-looking
antennas. Two well-adapted radio-holographic bending angle retrieval methods,
full-spectrum inversion (FSI) and phase matching (PM), were compared with
the standard geometric-optics (GO) retrieval method. Comparison of the ARO
retrievals from the top antenna with the near-coincident ECMWF
reanalysis-interim (ERA-I) profiles shows only a small root-mean-square (RMS)
refractivity difference of ∼ 0.3 % in the drier upper troposphere
from ∼ 5 to ∼ 11.5 km over both land and ocean. Both the FSI
and PM methods improve the ARO retrievals in the moist lower troposphere and
reduce the negative bias found in the GO retrieval due to atmospheric
multipath. In the lowest layer of the troposphere, the ARO refractivity
derived using FSI shows a negative bias of about −2 %. The increase of
the refractivity bias occurs below 5 km over the ocean and below 3.5 km
over land, corresponding to the approximate altitude of large vertical
moisture gradients above the ocean and land surface, respectively. In
comparisons to radiosondes, the FSI ARO soundings capture well the height of
layers with sharp refractivity gradients but display a negative refractivity
bias inside the boundary layer. The unique opportunity to make simultaneous
independent recordings of occultation events from multiple antennas
establishes that high-precision ARO measurements can be achieved
corresponding to an RMS difference better than 0.2 % in refractivity (or
∼ 0.4 K). The surprisingly good quality of recordings from a very
simple zenith antenna increases the feasibility of developing an operational
tropospheric sounding system onboard commercial aircraft in the future,
which could provide a large number of data for direct assimilation in
numerical weather prediction models.