bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical problems of the study of charisma and charisma
Authors: Tytarenko Vita Volodymyrivna
Published: August 2019

Charismatism as a non-Christian movement has been known in the world since the mid-twentieth century. He came to Ukraine relatively recently, so it is a new phenomenon, unknown, which raises constant questions not only among ordinary people, but also among specialists. Due to its heterogeneity, diversity of forms, relative independence of organizational structures, charismaticism requires additional study. But there are some problems with the lack or insufficiency of factual material, such as objective statistics, social survey results, surveys, and more.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA PILOT TERHADAP KECELAKAAN PESAWAT TERBANG KOMERSIL
Authors: Sumarna Dadang -
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTDadang Sumarna, “Pertanggungjawaban pidana akibat kelalaian pilot terhadap kecelakaan pesawat “ Kecelakaan adalah suatu peristiwa di luar kemampuan manusia yang terjadi selama berada di dalam pesawat udara dari bandar udara keberangkatan ke bandar udara tujuan, di mana terjadi kematian atau luka parah atau kerugian yang disebabkan oleh benturan dengan pesawat udara atau semburan mesin jet pesawat udara atau terjadi kerusakan struktural atau adanya peralatan yang perlu diganti atau pesawat udara hilang sama sekali” .Dengan diajukanya atau diminta pertanggungjawaban pidana atas perkara jatuhnya pesawat serta mengkriminalisasi pilot sudah merupakan kesalahan karena tidak mematuhi regulasi Internasional, walau pun keberlakuan secara teritorial hukum pidana Indonesia luas tetapi dalam KUHP hanya menyebutkan masalah-masalah terorisme dalam penerbangan serta perusakan-perusakan fasilitas penerbangan. Asas legalitas menyebutkan bahwa tiada pidana tanpa diatur oleh undang-undang, maka masalah kecelakaan pesawat terbang tidak termuat dalam KUHP hanya seputar terorisme saja. Dalam pembuktian untuk menetukan kesalahan perlu mengungkap data rekorder BLACK BOX sedangkan data yang tersimpan dalam Black Box merupakan rahasia internaional maka dengan tidak di bukanya percakapan antara pilot dengan ATC selaku pemandu lalulintas penerbangan maka tidak dapat membuktikan sipa yang salah dalam penerbangan tersebut, berkenaan dengan situasi ada  2 (dua) ukuran yang pertama adalah tidak bisa diukur sama rata atas setiap peristiwa, jadi satu peristiwa dilihat masing-masing setiap  peristiwa  itu  karena  situasi  yang  mengikuti  orang  melakukan perbuatan   itu bisa berbeda-beda sedang yang kedua adalah tindakan yang wajar untuk mencapai tujuan, jadi kalau ia memiliki kompetensi  ia sudah melakukan  analisis kemudian tidak mengikuti SOP tapi itu dilakukan dalam situasi yang tidak mungkin lagi mengikuti SOP maka apapun hasil dari perbuatan itu tidak bisa dianggap lalai, ini tekanannya pada kompetensi oleh karena itu tidak sama dengan menilai kelalaian pada orang perorangan biasa yang  untuk  melakukan perbuatan  itu  tidak  diperlukan  adanya  suatu kompetensi tertentu, kompetensi ini Kata Kunci : Undang-Undang Tindaka Pidana Korupsi, Undang-Undang Telekomunikasi,  Azas Lex Specialis Derogat Lex Generali dan Kejaksaan RI.
PRAKTEK PENGAWASAN PERBURUHAN DALAM KONTEKS PENEGAKAN HUKUM PERBURUHAN HETERONOM
Authors: Hadistianto Mohammad Fandrian
Published: August 2019

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya permasalahan bahwa di dalam hubungan kerja, posisi buruh lebih lemah dibandingkan dengan pengusaha. Jika terjadi pelanggaran terhadap aturan-aturan yang ada di dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan, Pemerintah memiliki kewajiban untuk menegakan melalui Pengawas Perburuhan sebagai bentuk nyata affirmative action guna memberikan perlindungan terhadap buruh. Hal ini didasari pada Negara Indonesia sebagai Negara Kesehjahteraan. Sementara saat ini fungsi penegakan hukum pada Pengawas Perburuhan belum dapat melakukan fungsinya secara menyeluruh terutama dalam hal penegakan hukum, sehingga menyebabkan terpengaruhinya perwujudan kesejahteraan buruh di Indonesia. Penilitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum (legal research) dengan mengambil sumber-sumber penelitian hukum yang berupa bahan-bahan hukum primer dan bahan-bahan hukum sekunder. Penelitian hukum ini juga menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) guna menelaah materi muatannya, mempelajari dasar ontologis lahirnya undang-undang, landasan filosofis undang-undang dan ratio legis dari ketentuan undang-undang, dan pendekatan historis (historical approach) guna memahami filosofi dari aturan hukum dari waktu ke waktu dan perubahan serta perkembangan filosofi yang melandasi aturan hukum tersebut. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa pada penegakan hukum perburuhan heteronom pada Pengawas Perburuhan terdapat pembatasan yang menyebabkan tidak dapat terealisasinya perwujudan kesejahteraan buruh yang menjadi tanggung jawab Negara Indonesia sebagai Negara Kesejahteraan.Kata Kunci : Pengawasan, Penegakan Hukum, Perburuhan
农业气象服务在农业生产中的应用分析
Authors: 李 力根
Published: August 2019

现如今,农业气象服务在农业生产中的应用不仅可以为现代农业的发展提供非常便利的条件,并且可以为农业生产提供了更加全面的保护,但其应用还存在许多问题,以促进现代农业的发展。在此基础上,阐述了农业气象服务在农业生产中应用的主要问题,探讨了农业气象服务的基本要求及其在农业生产中的应用意义和措施。
BIM技术在绿色建筑设计中的应用探究
Authors: 夏 小强
Published: August 2019

建筑行业蓬勃发展下,大量新技术、新工艺和新材料应用其中,绿色建筑逐渐成为建筑行业主流趋势,如何打造高质量的绿色建筑,对建筑企业市场竞争优势提升具有重要作用。在绿色建筑设计中,通过BIM技术的应用,整合建筑相关资料,结合区域实际情况优化设计方案,构建三维建筑信息模型,提升设计合理性的同时,最大程度上降低资源损耗和环境污染。本文就绿色建筑设计中BIM技术应用进行探究,分析其中的不足,充分发挥BIM技术优势,推动绿色建筑建设和发展。
Reinforcement Learning - A Technical Introduction
Authors: Diederichs Elmar
Published: August 2019

Reinforcement learning provides a cognitive science perspective to behavior and sequential decision making provided that RL-algorithms introduce a computational concept of agency to the learning problem. Hence it addresses an abstract class of problems that can be characterized as follows: An algorithm confronted with information from an unknown environment is supposed to find stepwise an optimal way to behave based only on some sparse, delayed or noisy feedback from some environment, that changes according to the algorithm's behavior. Hence reinforcement learning offers an abstraction to the problem of goal-directed learning from interaction. The paper offers an opintionated introduction in the algorithmic advantages and drawbacks of several algorithmic approaches such that one can understand recent developments and open problems in reinforcement learning.
“人类命运共同体”是马克思主义“共同体”思想的理论传承与时代发展
Authors: 乔 文文
Published: August 2019

马克思主义“共同体”思想是马克思唯物史观的重要组成部分。马克思主义共同体思想是对阶级社会“虚幻共同体”和资产阶级国家的“冒充的共同体”的批判,也是对真正共同体的探索,认为人的本质应该是自由全面发展的,即共产主义思想。马克思认为共同体发展的昀高形式应该是“自由人联合体”。“人类命运共同体”是对马克思共同体的传承与发展,是应对全球挑战所提出的“中国方案”,不仅对现实的时代性问题具有强大的引领作用,而且也将马克思共同体思想推向更高的境界。
Propuesta de un videojuego de rol para el estudio de la ética
Authors: Álvarez Francisco Preciado , Aguayo Marco Antonio Sambrano , Zacarías Hugo Martín Moreno , Silva Cesar Eduardo , Meza Roció de Jesús Moreno
Published: August 2019

El presente trabajo presenta una propuesta de un videojuego del genero de rol para el estudio de la ética en el área de tecnologías y negocios. Para el proceso de análisis y diseño de la propuesta, se empleó la metodología Huddle y el software rpgmaker mv como plataforma para el desarrollo del videojuego. Como resultado se obtuvo un videojuego tipo rol que incorpora casos de estudio de la ética en el área de tecnologías y negocios que puede ser escalable.

This paper presents the proposal of a rol playing videogame as a for the study of ethics in the area of technologies and business. For the process of analysis and design of the proposal, the Huddle methodology was used, and the software rpgmaker mv for the development of the videogame. As a result, a role-playing videogame was created that incorporates case studies of ethics in the area of technologies and business that can be scalable.
Método de esteganografía a través de la dimensión fractal y el algoritmo de LSB; una nueva perspectiva en imágenes RGB
Authors: Hernández Héctor Caballero , Jiménez Vianney Muñoz , . Marco A. Ramos , Huertas Marcelo Romero
Published: August 2019

Los métodos de esteganografía actualmente recurren a la combinación de técnicas de ocultamiento de información con el propósito de incrementar la cantidad de datos embebidos en los estego-objetos, así como de reducir la probabilidad de que sean descubiertos los datos por medio de técnicas de estego-análisis, o en su defecto implementar sistemas de criptografía para evitar que se conozca los contenidos de los datos ocultos. En este trabajo se presenta una nueva forma de la aplicación de la teoría fractal a través del cálculo de la dimensión de los fractales, que en combinación con el método LSB aplicado a imágenes RGB permite ofrecer un nivel elevado de seguridad, para garantizar la privacidad de los datos ocultos. En los experimentos ejecutados se observa que la codificación no genera errores en la recuperación de los datos, no presenta deformaciones visuales y satisfacen las métricas de calidad PSNR, MSE, SNR y SIMM.

Steganography methods currently resort the combination of information hiding techniques with the purpose of increasing the amount of data embedded in the stego-objects, as well reducing the probability that the data will be discovered employing steganalysis or failing implement cryptography systems avoid knowing the data contents. In this work, we present a new form of the application of fractal theory through the calculation of the dimension of the fractals that, in combination with the LSB method applied to RGB images, allows offer a high level of security, guaranteeing the privacy of the fractals hidden data. In the executed experiments it is observed that the coding does not generate errors in the recovery of the data, does not present visual deformations and satisfies the quality metrics PSNR, MSE, SNR and SIMM.
Autómatas Celulares Aplicados al Comportamiento de Células de Cáncer Cervicouterino
Authors: Jiménez Tania Muñoz , Soto Aurora Torres , Soto María Dolores Torres
Published: August 2019

En este documento se describe el desarrollo e implementación de un modelo para simular computacionalmente la dinámica del crecimiento y migración del cáncer cervicouterino, considerando sus principales características: proliferación, migración y necrosis, así como sus etapas de desarrollo. El modelo se desarrolló mediante un autómata celular con enfoques paralelo y secuencial. El autómata celular se basó en el modelo de Gompertz para simular las etapas de desarrollo de este cáncer, el cual se dividió en tres etapas cada una con diferentes comportamientos durante la simulación. Se realizó un diseño experimental con parámetros de entrada que se seleccionaron a partir de la investigación literaria y su discusión con médicos expertos. Al final del proceso de investigación, se logró obtener un algoritmo computacional de simulación muy bueno comparado con el modelo médico de Gompertz y se encontraron los mejores parámetros para su ejecución mediante un diseño factorial soportado estadísticamente.

This paper describes the development and implementation of a model to computationally simulate the growth and migration dynamics of cervical cancer, considering its main characteristics: proliferation, migration and necrosis, as well as its stages of development. The model was developed by means of a cellular automaton with parallel and sequential approaches. The cellular automaton was based on the model of Gompertz to simulate the stages of development of this cancer, which was divided into three stages, each with different behaviors during the simulation. An experimental design was carried out with input parameters that were selected from literary research and its discussion with expert physicians. At the end of the research process, a very good simulation algorithm was obtained compared to the Gompertz medical model and the best parameters for its execution were found by means of a statistically supported factorial design.
Prototipo de un OA para aprender JavaScript utilizando la metodología ADDIE y los estilos de aprendizaje convergente y asimilados
Authors: Márquez Ana Patricia Cervantes , Flores Rafael De la Rosa , Zacatelco Hilda Castillo , Cortés Claudia Zepeda , Martínez Misael Limón
Published: August 2019

JavaScript es uno de los lenguajes de programación de uso cotidiano para la construcción de sitios Web. Para ello, existen diferentes tipos de documentos digitales que ayudan a aprender el lenguaje, los cuales no toman en cuenta el estilo de aprendizaje de los estudiantes, así como tampoco utilizan algún modelo de diseño tecnoinstruccional. En este trabajo se propone un Objeto de Aprendizaje de apoyo para aprender el lenguaje de programación JavaScript. Dada la importancia de desarrollar herramientas de aprendizaje acordes al estilo de aprendizaje de los discentes, se realizó una encuesta, basada en la teoría de David Kolb, a estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Computación de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla para obtener los estilos de aprendizaje predominantes y junto con la metodología ADDIE se desarrolla el Objeto de Aprendizaje propuesto.

JavaScript is one of the programming languages of daily use for the construction of Web sites. For this, there are different types of digital documents that help to learn the language, which do not take into account the learning style of the students, nor do they use a techno-instructional design model. In this work we propose a Learning Object of support to learn the JavaScript programming language. Given the importance of developing learning tools according to the learning style of the students, a survey was conducted, based on David Kolb's theory, to students of the Faculty of Computer Science of the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla to obtain the predominant learning styles and together with the ADDIE methodology, the proposed Learning Object is developed.
Plataforma Colaborativa de Gestión Académica basada en un Enfoque Constructivista Social
Authors: . Luz A. Sánchez-Gálvez , Castelan Fernando J. Becerra , Sarmiento Omar Hérnandez , García Mario Anzures , Luna Juan M. Fernández
Published: August 2019

Actualmente, las propuestas de desarrollo en el ámbito educativo se centran en el Aprendizaje Colaborativo Soportado por Computadora (Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, CSCL), donde los estudiantes aprenden mediante un proceso de planteamiento y compartición de ideas para la resolución de tareas; beneficiándose con el diálogo y la reflexión de las propuestas de sus compañeros. Esto ha incrementado el uso de CSCL, tales como MOODLE, Blackboard, ILIAS, Edmodo y Schoology. Sin embargo, algunos de éstos suelen tener costo, otros requieren que los administradores tengan conocimientos de programación para adaptarlos a las distintas necesidades de la institución que los utiliza y/o deban ser configurados de forma especial para obtener su máximo provecho. Por consiguiente, en este trabajo de investigación se propone una plataforma colaborativa basada en un enfoque constructivista social que simplifique, agilice y facilite la gestión académica en una institución de educación superior.

Currently, the development proposals in the educational field are focused on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL), where students learn through a process of planning and sharing ideas for solving tasks; benefiting from the dialogue and reflection of the propositions of their colleagues. This has increased the use of CSCL, such as MOODLE, Blackboard, ILIAS, Edmodo and Schoology. However, some of these usually have a cost, others require that the administrators have programming knowledge to adapt them to the different needs of the institution that uses them and/or they must be configured in a special way to obtain their maximum advantage. Therefore, in this research work a collaborative platform based on a social constructivist approach, which simplifies, and facilitates academic management in a higher education institution, is proposed.
ALEDO Algoritmo para la detección de objetos
Authors: Ordoñez Leydi Mercedes Vargas , Sanabria Luis Freddy Muñoz , . Francisco Javier Álvarez
Published: August 2019

Esta investigación propone un algoritmo para la detección de objetos denominado ALEDO, para ello se hace una revisión en la literatura sobre los algoritmos más usados en estas actividades y se comparan contra ALEDO mediante modelos matemáticos. Se realiza una aplicación móvil usando ALEDO para el reconocimiento de señales de tránsito y basado en el concepto de aprendizaje supervisado. Al verificar la eficacia de ALEDO en la detección de imágenes frente a los algoritmos más usados para el mismo fin, dio como resultado que además de ser eficiente, cumplió con los propósitos para el que fue desarrollado. Es necesario continuar aplicando el algoritmo en otras aplicaciones móviles para la detección de imágenes que permitan solidificar los resultados.

This research proposes an algorithm for the detection of objects called ALEDO, for which a review is made in the literature about the algorithms most used in these activities and they are compared against ALEDO through mathematical models. A mobile application is made using ALEDO for the recognition of traffic signals and based on the concept of supervised learning. When verifying the effectiveness of ALEDO in the detection of images in front of the most used algorithms for the same purpose, it resulted in that besides being efficient, it fulfilled the purposes for which it was developed. It is necessary to continue applying the algorithm in other mobile applications for the detection of images that allow to solidify the results.
Modernização conservadora, pedagogia do capital e as reformas educacionais: a crise na educação brasileira
Authors: De Paula Alisson Slider do Nascimento , Pereira Karla Raphaella Costa , Costa Frederico Jorge Ferreira , Lima Kátia Regina Rodrigues , Ferreira Emmanoel Lima
Published: August 2019

O estudo busca analisar as bases da modernização conservadora na educação brasileira. A sistematização do contexto educacional contemplou educação básica e superior perpassando pelo crivo do programa Escola Sem Partido, a Reforma do Ensino Médio, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular, os ataques às universidades públicas e os cortes orçamentários que afetaram diretamente o custeio da educação brasileira. Trata-se de um estudo teórico-bibliográfico, além de abordar um estudo documental. O materialismo histórico-dialético se configura como método de análise no presente texto. O conservadorismo expresso em suas políticas de governo denota a guerra cultural buscando dissolver o pensamento crítico dentro das instituições de ensino básico assim como superior. Esses mecanismos afetam diretamente a concepção de escola democrática, bem como de autonomia universitária.
Outcome of Albumin Infusion in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Talukder Ashaduzzaman , Siraj Mohamed Mausool , Khondokar Md Noornabi , Habib SM Ahsan , Salim Md Abu , Rahman Mohammad Walidur , Banerjee Sajal Krishna , Ahsan Syed Ali , Hoque Md Harisul , Rahman Fazlur
Published: August 2019

Background: Heart Failure (HF) is a major public health burden worldwide. Approximately 5 million Americans, 0.4–2% of the general European population and over 23 million people worldwide are living with heart failure. Like few other chronic disease, low serum albumin is common in patients with heart failure (HF). However, very few studies evaluated the outcome of albumin infusion in different stages of HF. Therefore, the objective of this study is to assess the outcome of albumin infusion in heart failure patients.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 50 cases of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and NYHA class III or IV with serum albumin level <2.5g/dl who were admitted in CCUwere selected by purposive sampling, from September 2017 to August 2018. 100ml of 20% albumin was infused and serum albumin was measured after 3 days. Then the patients were divided into two groups, Patients who failed to attain serum albumin of 3g/dl(Group A) or Patients who attained serum albumin of ≥3g/dl (Group B). Analysis and comparison for symptomatic improvement of heart failure by NHYA classification and LVEF was done at 10th day after infusion between group A and B.

Result: Among the 50 patients, mean age of patients was 53.64 ± 13.44 years (age range: 26-84 years) with a male-female ratio of 3:2 (60%-male vs 40%- female). Majority patients were previously re-admitted at least two times (40%), 28% were re-admitted once, 16% were re-admitted three times and 4% were re-admitted for four times. Of all, 56% patients presented NYHA class IV and AHA stage D heart failure (56%) and 44% patients presented with NYHA class III and AHA stage C. At day 10 follow up following albumin infusion, overall frequency of following ten days of albumin therapy, in group B, 8 patients (72.7%) among Class III improved to Class I and 3 patients (27.3%) improved to class II. Also, 7 patients (50%), 5 patients (35.7%) and 2 patients (14.3%) among class IV improved to respectively class I, class II and class III. In group A, 3 patients (27.3%) among class III improve to class II and 8 patients (72.7%) remain in class III. Also, 2 patients (14.3%), 5 Patients (35.7%) and 7 patients (50%) among class IV improve to respectively class I, class II and class III. Moreover, statistically significant improvement was noted in ejection fraction of patents irrespective of initial class of heart failure (p<0.001) in group B patients compare to group A (p<0.09).

Conclusion: In this study, the improvement of heart failure was more in patients who attained albumin level of ≥3g/dl.Therefore, in can be concluded that albumin infusion improves both subjective and objective improvement of patients with heart failure.

University Heart Journal Vol. 15, No. 2, Jul 2019; 47-53
Anglophile Households and British Travellers in Late Eighteenth-Century Vienna: ‘A Very Numerous and Pleasant English Colony’
Authors: Gates-Coon Rebecca
Published: August 2019

‘Anglophilia’ was a Europe-wide phenomenon during the eighteenth century, and in Austria and particularly Vienna this affinity for things and persons ‘English’ was widespread. For many British visitors in late eighteenth-century Vienna the attraction was apparently mutual. With remarkable consistency, both private correspondence and the published reports of British travelers included praise for the hospitality and openness of two Viennese households, those of the Thun and Pergen families. During several decades, until the early 1790s, a substantial if indeterminate number of British individuals and groups arrived in Vienna and received a consistently enthusiastic welcome in the residences of the countesses Thun and Pergen. Why a predilection for Vienna should have developed among visitors from the British Isles, which lacked a shared religion, dynastic connection, or ease of access to the Viennese capital, is a question that merits attention. Interactions that occurred in and around these anglophile households can serve as instructive examples of contemporary British-Austrian ‘sociability’ in action.
The Effects of Loneliness on Menopausal Symptoms
Authors: BAYRİ BİNGOL Fadime , DEMİRGOZ BAL Meltem , YİLMAZ ESENCAN Tugba , ERTUGRUL ABBASOGLU Done , ASLAN Begum
Published: August 2019

Objectives: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of menopausal symptoms on the loneliness of women in the menopausal period.Methods: The study sample consisted of 546 women who applied to the menopause polyclinic of a state hospital in Istanbul and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, UCLA Loneliness Scale and Menopausal Symptom Rating Scale (MRS).Results: The mean age of the women included in the study was 52.70 ± 6.39. The mean scores of menopausal symptoms of women included in the study; were found to be higher in women with low education level (p = 0.001), women with big family structure (p = 0,002) and women with low income (p = 0,001). It was determined that women with less education (p = 0,015), women not working (p = 0,001) and women with low income (p = 0,001) were found to have higher mean loneliness scores. Correlation analysis revealed that the mean scores of menopausal symptoms were increased (p = 0,000) as the loneliness level average of women increased. Women with the most severe mean scores of menopausal symptoms were found to have the highest mean level of loneliness (p = 0,000).Conclusion: Women with high levels of loneliness were found to have experienced severe menopausal symptoms. It was determined that as women’s level of loneliness increased, menopausal symptoms increased.
Mineral elements in feed and methods for their analysis
Authors: Косолапов Владимир , Kosolapov Vladimir , Чуйков Виктор , Chuykov Viktor , Худякова Хатима , Khudyakova Khatima , Косолапова Валентина , Kosolapova Valentina
Published: August 2019

The book outlines the influence of many factors (soil type of growth of forage plants, type of forage plants, the use of fertilizers, climatic conditions) on the content of mineral elements in forage plants and feed. For each macronutrient (calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chlorine, magnesium, sulfur) and trace element (cobalt, iodine, manganese, zinc, iron, copper), considered as important for feeding animals, the content and transformations of the element in soils are outlined availability of plant forms. The physiological role of this element in plants, its concentration depending on the soil and climatic conditions is considered. For each element, its average content in well-known forage means is given, as well as standards for the concentration of toxic elements. The requirements of farm animals in mineral elements, their influence on each other are also considered. There is a great importance of taking into account the level of mineral elements in the preparation of rations, for which it is necessary to perform laboratory tests, and therefore sets out methods for their determination in the feed. At the same time, special attention is paid to such modern high-performance and precise methods as atomic absorption, with various atomizers and with inductively coupled plasma. The book contains a lot of reference data. It will be very useful for researchers and professionals, especially beginners, in the field of feed production and feed use, students who will get a holistic view of the mineral substances of soil, plants and animals.
A Novel Blind Restoration and Reconstruction Approach for CT Images Based on Sparse Representation and Hierarchical Bayesian-MAP
Authors: Sun Yunshan , Zhang Liyi , Li Yanqin , Meng Juan
Published: August 2019

Computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction and restoration are very important in medical image processing, and are associated together to be an inverse problem. Image iterative reconstruction is a key tool to increase the applicability of CT imaging and reduce radiation dose. Nevertheless, traditional image iterative reconstruction methods are limited by the sampling theorem and also the blurring of projection data will propagate unhampered artifact in the reconstructed image. To overcome these problems, image restoration techniques should be developed to accurately correct a wide variety of image degrading effects in order to effectively improve image reconstruction. In this paper, a blind image restoration technique is embedded in the compressive sensing CT image reconstruction, which can result in a high-quality reconstruction image using fewer projection data. Because a small amount of data can be obtained by radiation in a shorter time, high-quality image reconstruction with less data is equivalent to reducing radiation dose. Technically, both the blurring process and the sparse representation of the sharp CT image are first modeled as a serial of parameters. The sharp CT image will be obtained from the estimated sparse representation. Then, the model parameters are estimated by a hierarchical Bayesian maximum posteriori formulation. Finally, the estimated model parameters are optimized to obtain the final image reconstruction. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method with the simulation experiments in terms of the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index (SSIM).
Weed Management Programs in Grain Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)
Authors: Bararpour Taghi , Hale Ralph R. , Kaur Gurpreet , Singh Bhupinder , Tseng Te-Ming P. , Wilkerson Tessie H. , Willett Cammy D.
Published: August 2019

A field study was conducted in Arkansas over three years to evaluate various herbicide treatments, including sequential and tank-mix applications for weed control in grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). The herbicide treatments used were quinclorac, atrazine + dimethenamid-p, S-metolachlor followed by (fb) atrazine + dicamba, dimethenamid-p fb atrazine, S-metolachlor + atrazine fb atrazine, S-metolachlor + mesotrione, and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron. All herbicide treatments provided excellent (90% to 100%) control of Ipomoea lacunosa, Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula, and Sida spinosa by 12 weeks after emergence. Quinclorac and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron provided the lowest control of Ipomoea lacunosa, Urochloa platyphylla, Amaranthus palmeri, and Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula. Weed interference in the non-treated control reduced grain sorghum yield by 50% as compared to the weed-free control. S-metolachlor + mesotrione and S-metolachlor fb prosulfuron reduced sorghum yields by 1009 to 1121 kg ha−1 compared to other herbicide treatments. The five best herbicide treatments in terms of weed control and grain sorghum yield were quinclorac, atrazine + dimethenamid-p, S-metolachlor fb atrazine + dicamba, dimethenamid-p fb atrazine, and the standard treatment of S-metolachlor + atrazine fb atrazine.
Distillery Anaerobic Digestion Residues as Fertilizers for Field Vegetable Crops: Performance and Efficiency in Mid-term Successions
Authors: Nicoletto Carlo , Dalla Costa Luisa , Sambo Paolo , Zanin Giampaolo
Published: August 2019

Understanding nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops plays an important role in achieving sustainable production. Intensive agriculture has adversely affected social and environmental issues worldwide over the past few decades. Anaerobic digested residues from the distillery industry (DADRs) can be used in agriculture, thereby recycling valuable organic materials that can supply organic N. An experiment using DADRs in horticulture was conducted to evaluate the performance of different treatments on yield and NUE. The experiment was conducted for five years, growing lettuce, cauliflower, chicory, potato, Swiss chard, catalogna chicory, tomato, pepper, and melon in two different succession schemes. Five fertilization treatments were designed, including a mineral fertilization control, in which nitrogen (N) was supplied according to standard recommendations in the area. The other treatments were an unfertilized control and three treatments in which 50%, 75%, and 100% of the N were supplied by DADRs and the remaining with common chemical fertilizer. Major findings were: (1) Spring–summer crops showed the lowest N-uptake and N recovery, during this period high chemical fertilization can cause environmental problems such as N leaching, and fertilization with 100% DADRs is a viable alternative; (2) fall–winter crops can be fertilized by combining 50% mineral N and 50% organic N, supplying the nutrients required by the crops during the growing cycle.
Metabolic Changes and Increased Levels of Bioactive Compounds in White Radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. 01) Sprouts Elicited by Oligochitosan
Authors: Rakpenthai Apidet , Khaksar Gholamreza , Burow Meike , Olsen Carl Erik , Sirikantaramas Supaart
Published: August 2019

The effect of oligochitosan O-80 treatment on metabolic changes in white radish (Raphanus sativus L.) sprouts (WRS) was investigated for its potential to enhance bioactive compounds accumulation. The seeds were germinated in deionized water containing different concentrations of oligochitosan O-80 (0 (control), 5, 10, 20 and 40 ppm). Seven-day old sprouts were harvested for metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for phenolic compounds and glucosinolate analysis, respectively, and spectrophotometric assays to determine the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was adopted to model the data from the LC-MS and revealed that O-80 at all tested concentrations affected the metabolite profiles of the treated WRS samples. The UV chromatogram at 320 nm showed increased levels of most sinapoyl derivatives, consistent with the increased total phenolic contents. Interestingly, glucoraphasatin (4-methylthio-3-butenyl glucosinolate), a major glucosinolate detected by HPLC, was increased by 40% in the sprouts treated with 10 ppm O-80. Our results provide compelling evidence regarding the exogenous application of oligochitosan O-80 as an elicitor of bioactive metabolites in WRS.
An Agronomic Evaluation of New Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Germplasm for Seed and Oil Yields under Mediterranean Climate Conditions
Authors: La Bella Salvatore , Tuttolomondo Teresa , Lazzeri Luca , Matteo Roberto , Leto Claudio , Licata Mario
Published: August 2019

Interest in oilseed crops for agro-industrial research and development projects has increased in the Mediterranean area, in recent years. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is of potential interest for agriculture mainly due to fatty acid content variability in the seed oil. The aim of this study was to assess the agronomic performance of 16 new safflower accessions together with safflower variety Montola 2000, used as a reference, in a semi-arid environment. Research was carried out in Sicily (Italy) from 2013–2014. Hierarchical cluster analysis carried out on the fatty acid composition of safflower accessions resulted in their division into four main groups. Linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids were the main fatty acids present in the accessions. Seed yield was 1.11 t ha−1 on average and seed oil content was found to be approximately 35.01% of dry matter on average. Positive and significant relationships between seed/oil yield and other tested traits were found. The carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen content as a percentage of dry matter varied greatly both for the above- and belowground plant parts on average. This study confirms the interest of safflower for both food and non-food applications, offering interesting prospects in semi-arid regions.
Dietary Supplementation of Dried Grape Pomace Increases the Amount of Linoleic Acid in Beef, Reduces the Lipid Oxidation and Modifies the Volatile Profile
Authors: Ianni Andrea , Di Luca Alessio , Martino Camillo , Bennato Francesca , Marone Elettra , Grotta Lisa , Cichelli Angelo , Martino Giuseppe
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with dried grape pomace on beef quality. Ten Friesian calves were divided into two groups, a control group that received a standard diet, and an experimental group that was administered the dietary supplementation. At the end of the 75 days of the trial, animals were slaughtered, and meat samples analyzed for physical and chemical properties, fatty acids composition, lipid oxidation, volatile compounds, and biogenic amines. The fatty acid profile resulted affected by dietary supplementation, since an increase in concentration of linoleic acid was observed. Furthermore, a reduction of lipid oxidation was found in the same samples. With reference to volatile compounds a reduction of hexanal and an increase of 2-3 octanedione was evidenced, while no effects were induced by diets on the synthesis of biogenic amines. The grape pomace exploitation as a dietary supplement in bovine diet did not have negative effects on the quality of beef and showed the potential to extend shelf life due to marked improvement in oxidative stability. Overall, the present study showed a viable way for the recovery and the valorization of the main by-product of the oenological industry.
Inclusion Complexes of Lycopene and β-Cyclodextrin: Preparation, Characterization, Stability and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Wang Haixiang , Wang Shaofeng , Zhu Hua , Wang Suilou , Xing Jiudong
Published: August 2019

In this study, the inclusion complexes of lycopene with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) were prepared by the precipitation method. Then the inclusion complexes were characterized by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV), microscopic observation, liquid chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and phase-solubility study. Moreover, the stability and antioxidant activity were tested. The results showed that lycopene was embedded into the cavity of β-CD with a 1:1 stoichiometry. Moreover, the thermal and irradiant stabilities of lycopene were all significantly increased by the formation of lycopene/β-CD inclusion complexes. Antioxidant properties of lycopene and its inclusion complexes were evaluated on the basis of measuring the scavenging activity for 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals. The results showed that the scavenging activity of DPPH radicals was obviously increased by the formation of the inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin at concentrations of 5–30 μg/mL, however, some significant positive effects on the scavenging activity of hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals were not observed and the reasons are worth further study.
Cysteine Glutathionylation Acts as a Redox Switch in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Lermant Agathe , Murdoch Colin E.
Published: August 2019

Oxidative post-translational modifications (oxPTM) of receptors, enzymes, ion channels and transcription factors play an important role in cell signaling. oxPTMs are a key way in which oxidative stress can influence cell behavior during diverse pathological settings such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), cancer, neurodegeneration and inflammatory response. In addition, changes in oxPTM are likely to be ways in which low level reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) may contribute to redox signaling, exerting changes in physiological responses including angiogenesis, cardiac remodeling and embryogenesis. Among oxPTM, S-glutathionylation of reactive cysteines emerges as an important regulator of vascular homeostasis by modulating endothelial cell (EC) responses to their local redox environment. This review summarizes the latest findings of S-glutathionylated proteins in major EC pathways, and the functional consequences on vascular pathophysiology. This review highlights the diversity of molecules affected by S-glutathionylation, and the complex consequences on EC function, thereby demonstrating an intricate dual role of RONS-induced S-glutathionylation in maintaining vascular homeostasis and participating in various pathological processes.
Reverse Engineering of Thermoregulatory Cold-Induced Vasoconstriction/Vasodilation during Localized Cooling
Authors: Youssef Ali , Verachtert Anne , De Bruyne Guido , Aerts Jean-Marie
Published: August 2019

Biological systems, in general, represent a special type of control system. The physiological processes of homeostasis, which serve to maintain the organism’s internal equilibrium against external influences, are clear forms of biological control system. An example of the homeostasis is the control of the organism thermal state or the thermoregulation. The thermoregulatory control of human skin blood flow, via vasoconstriction and vasodilation, is vital to maintaining normal body temperatures during challenges to thermal homeostasis such as localised cooling. The main objective of this paper is to reverse engineer the localised thermoregulatory cold-induced vasoconstriction/vasodilation (CIVC/CIVD) reactions using a data-based mechanistic approach. Two types of localised cooling were applied to the fingers of 33 healthy participants, namely, continuous and intermittent cooling. Modelling of the thermoregulatory cold-induced vasoconstriction/vasodilation reactions suggested two underlying processes, with one process being 10 times faster. A new term is suggested in this paper, namely, the latent heat of CIVD, which represents the amount of dissipated heat required to trigger the CIVD. Moreover, a new model for the thermoregulatory localised CIVC/CIVD reactions is proposed. The suggested new model states that, with an initial vasodilation state, the initial localised CIVC is triggered based on a certain threshold in the rate of heat dissipation from the skin to the surrounding environment.
Digital Evaluation of the Accuracy of Computer-Guided Dental Implant Placement: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Kim Seong-Min , Son Keunbada , Kim Duk-Yeon , Lee Kyu-Bok
Published: August 2019

Compared to traditional implant surgical guides, computer-assisted implant surgical guides can be considered for positioning implants in the final prosthesis. These computer-assisted implant surgical guides can be easily fabricated with personal 3D printers after being designed with implant planning CAD software. Although the accuracy of computer-assisted implant surgical guides fabricated using personal 3D printers is an important factor in their clinical use, there is still a lack of research examining their accuracy. Therefore, this study evaluated the accuracy of computer-assisted implant surgical guides, which were designed using two implant planning CAD software programs (Deltanine and R2gate software) and fabricated with personal 3D printers using a non-radiographic method. Amongst the patients who visited Kyungpook National University Dental Hospital, one patient scheduled to undergo surgery of the left mandibular second premolar was randomly selected. Twenty partially edentulous resin study models were produced using a 3D printer. Using the Deltanine and R2gate implant planning CAD software, 10 implant surgical guides per software were designed and produced using a personal 3D printer. The implants (SIII SA (Ø 4.0, L = 10 mm), Osstem, Busan, Korea) were placed by one skilled investigator using the computer-assisted implant surgical guides. To confirm the position of the actual implant fixture, the study models with the implant fixtures were scanned with a connected scan body to extract the STL files, and then overlapped with the scanned file by connecting the scan body-implant fixture complex. As a result, the mean apical deviation of the Deltanine and R2gate software was 0.603 ± 0.19 mm and 0.609 ± 0.18 mm, while the mean angular deviation was 1.97 ± 0.84° and 1.92 ± 0.52°, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two software programs (p > 0.05). Thus, the accuracy of the personal 3D printing implant surgical guides is in the average range allowed by the dental clinician.
Zero Energy in the Built Environment: A Holistic Understanding
Authors: Iyer-Raniga Usha
Published: August 2019

International pressures through global agreements such as the recent Paris agreement in 2015 have put stress on governments and industries to find lasting solutions for the built environment. The built environment was recognized as an important factor in reducing global emissions for the first time at the Conference of Parties (COP) 21 meeting in Paris through a dedicated ‘Buildings Day.’ The Global Alliance for Buildings and Construction (GlobalABC) was also launched at COP 21 as a network to globally support zero emission, efficient and resilient buildings and construction sector. The Paris Agreement brought all nations to collectively combat climate change with a view to limit temperature increases to no more than 2 degrees Celsius (°C). Nations agreed to report their efforts through the monitoring program. In most countries, residential and commercial buildings spend a large proportion of their energy in lighting, heating, ventilation, air conditioning and in various appliances requiring energy for operation. This paper takes a broad understanding of zero energy. Starting with buildings, the definitions also consider understanding zero energy and from a carbon perspective, considering going from beyond buildings to include precincts and cities. The paper brings an understanding of zero energy, its importance, and its urgency with respect to global commitments to reduce the impact of the building and construction sector and the role of governments and industries in supporting the lowering of emissions in the built environment now and in the future.
Adaptive Backstepping Fractional Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control of Active Power Filter
Authors: Fei Juntao , Wang Huan , Cao Di
Published: August 2019

An adaptive fractional-order fuzzy control method for a three-phase active power filter (APF) using a backstepping and sliding mode controller is developed for the purpose of compensating harmonic current and stabilizing the DC voltage quickly. The dynamic model of APF is changed to an analogical cascade system for the convenience of the backstepping strategy. Then a fractional-order sliding mode surface is designed and a fuzzy controller is proposed to approximate the unknown term in the controller, where parameters can be adjusted online. The simulation experiments are conducted and investigated using MATLAB/SIMULINK software package to verify the advantage of the proposed controller. Furthermore, the comparison study between the fractional-order controller and integer-order one is also conducted in order to demonstrate the better performance of the proposed controller in total harmonic distortion (THD), a significant index to evaluate the current quality in the smart grid.
A Subjective Study on User Perception Aspects in Virtual Reality
Authors: T. T. Tran Huyen , Ngoc Nam P. , Pham Cuong T. , Jung Yong Ju , Thang Truong Cong
Published: August 2019

Three hundred and sixty degree video is becoming more and more popular on the Internet. By using a Head-Mounted Display, 360-degree video can render a Virtual Reality (VR) environment. However, it is still a big challenge to understand Quality of Experience (QoE) of 360-degree video since user experience during watching 360-degree video is a very complex phenomenon. In this paper, we aim to investigate four QoE aspects of 360-degree video, namely, perceptual quality, presence, cybersickness, and acceptability. In addition, four key QoE-affecting factors of encoding parameters, content motion, rendering device, and rendering mode are considered in our study. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that covers a large number of factors and QoE aspects of 360-degree video. In this study, a subjective experiment is conducted using 60 video versions generated from three original 360-degree videos. Based on statistical analysis of the obtained results, various findings on the impacts of the factors on the QoE aspects are provided. In particular, regarding the impacts of encoding parameters, it is found that the difference of QoE is negligible between video versions encoded at 4 K and 2.5 K resolutions. Also, it is suggested that 360-degree video should not be encoded at HD resolution or lower when watching in VR mode using Head Mounted Display. In addition, the bitrate for good QoE varies widely across different video contents. With respect to the content motion factor, its impact is statistically significant on the perceptual quality, presence, and cybersickness. In a comparison of two rendering device sets used in this study, there is no statistically significant difference found for the acceptability and cybersickness. However, the differences of the perceptual quality and presence are indicated to be statistically significant. Regarding the rendering mode, a comparison between VR and non-VR modes is also conducted. Although the non-VR mode always achieves higher perceptual quality scores and higher acceptability rates, more than a half of the viewers prefer the VR mode to the non-VR mode when watching versions encoded at the resolutions of fHD or higher. By contrast, the non-VR mode is preferred at the HD resolution.