bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF FAMILY INSTABILITY AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE CHILD'S COGNITIVE AREA/DEVELOPMENTAL AREA: CHILD AND LANGUAGE
Authors: Katerina Koti
Published: January 2023

In the present study, the first and strongest environmental impact on children's developmental effects is presented, which comes from the family context, where children live and are active in the first years of life. In more detail, we focused on the detailed analysis of specific characteristics of parents, such as their socio-economic and educational level, family structure, age, and citizenship of the parents, as well as whether or not they have attended a family support program, characteristics that contribute in the formation of an appropriate or non-family environment and considered by the scientific community to be able to influence the level of a child's cognitive development, and in particular "oral speech", "reading" and "scripture and written expression".
 

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TEACHERS’ SELF-DETERMINED MOTIVATION IN RELATION TO NON-TEACHING WORK TASKS
Authors: Christodoulidis Triantafyllos , Tzioumakis Yannis S. , Gorozidis Georgios S. , Papaioannou Athanasios G.
Published: January 2023

The present article reports on two studies (pilot and main) aiming to examine the psychometric properties of two scales assessing (a) teachers’ work motivation and (b) their involvement in non-teaching work tasks, and to explore the associations between the two constructs under the theoretical framework of self-determination theory (SDT). A Greek version of Blais’ Work Motivation Inventory (BWMI-TGr) was adapted for teachers, and a new instrument measuring teacher behaviour relevant to non-teaching work tasks was developed. Rigorous analyses supported the construct validity and internal consistency of the scales used. The findings suggested that teachers’ intrinsic motivation presents the most optimal patterns of relationships with non-teaching work behaviours, such as preparation for teaching, professional training, education-related reading, collaboration with parents, and participation in the school’s cultural activities. Identified and introjected regulations exhibited positive relationships only with teacher involvement in cultural activities, whereas external regulation had no positive relationship with non-teaching work tasks. The findings are discussed through the lens of SDT and strategies are proposed for school climate improvements, which target the cultivation of teachers’ intrinsic motivation at work.
 

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AVAILABILITY OF SANITATION FACILITIES AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF CHILDREN IN PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN MATHARE SUB-COUNTY IN NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Mwangi Nancy Njeri H. , Ndani Mary
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to establish the contribution of the availability of sanitation facilities to the academic performance of children in pre-primary schools in Mathare Sub- County. The study was built on the theory of Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory. A descriptive research design was used to achieve the research objectives. The target population was 68 Early Childhood Development Education centers distributed within Mathare Sub-County. Stratified sampling was used to select 136 teachers to participate in the study. A pilot study was undertaken to establish the reliability and validity of the research instruments. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) to generate both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study employed an independent sample t-test as well as a chi-square analysis. Data were presented in tables and charts and interpretations were made based on research objectives. Findings revealed that all schools under the study had functional hand-washing facilities. Most APBET schools had one hand washing facility with no soap most of the time. Very few have at least two hand washing facilities with no soap most of the time. All public schools had hand washing and anal cleansing materials. All public schools had hand washing and anal cleansing materials. However, the anal cleansing materials in public schools purposely served the teachers and staff alone. Findings revealed that the majority of schools did not have quality sanitation since an average of only 9 schools could meet the quality standards of sanitation in Mathare slums. Sanitation facilities in pre-primary schools were not fully utilizable as toilets were in pathetic conditions in more than 50% of the schools engaged in the study. the study concluded that there are big deficits in sanitation facilities and materials in the sampled schools of Mathare slums because all schools demonstrated that one toilet could be shared by over one hundred pupils at any given time during school hours. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education should conduct regular monitoring and evaluation of school sanitation and hygiene standards as part of its regulatory roles.
 

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DETERMINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAININGS OF TEACHERS IN A LOCAL COLLEGE
Authors: Regis Domer P. , Tupas John Paul C. , Soniedo Fhaila Donn , Lauzon Ma. Regine M.
Published: January 2023

Using the quantitative research method, the effectiveness of professional trainings that have been undertaken by teachers as well as the impact on teachers’ teaching practices were determined. It likewise explored whether teachers’ assessment scores were significantly associated with their profile characteristics. The common professional trainings undertaken include in-service trainings (100%), education conferences (97.1%), informal dialogue with colleagues (97.1%), and individual or group research (91.2%). Of all the professional training activities, only getting involved with teachers on how to improve teaching practice was assessed to be highly effective in developing their competence, knowledge, and expertise. However, benchmarking visits to other colleges or universities and faculty participation in a professional organization that are helpful to their teaching profession was determined to be only moderately effective. The respondents reported significant improvements in their teaching practices in connection with content and pedagogy, diversity of learners, community linkages, and professional engagement. A positive relationship was found between the variable age and respondents’ assessment scores on benchmarking visits to other colleges or universities and individual or group research on the field of interest. However, a negative relationship exists between respondents’ highest educational attainment and assessment scores on professional links with colleagues such as mentoring, and coaching among others as part of the institutional policy. Thus, a teacher’s training that encourages collaboration and sharing of knowledge should be promoted.
 

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EFL VIETNAMESE STUDENT ENGAGEMENT IN FACE-TO-FACE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Huong Tran Le Kim
Published: January 2023

English has gradually been very important in education in Vietnam and it is taught from the early ages. However, many students cannot communicate English appropriately after graduation. There are many reasons for this, but student engagement is considered as one of the major reasons which cause the low level of English proficiency of Vietnamese students. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate EFL Vietnamese students’ perceptions of their engagement with English learning in the face-to-face learning environment. A quantitative method was employed. The sample consisted of 428 students who have studied English. The results revealed that students were highly engaged with their learning. Students indicated that they were cognitively engaged with learning the best and were agentically engaged the least. In addition, the findings also showed that English major students were more engaged with their learning than their non-English major counterparts. The students in the group of freshman and sophomore year combined were found to be more engaged than those in junior and senior years. Some implications from the findings were also suggested.
 

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AN EXAMINATION OF THE IMPACT OF TEACHER FACTORS ON MATHEMATICS PERFORMANCE OF LEARNERS WITH DYSCALCULIA IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN STAREHE SUB-COUNTY, NAIROBI CITY COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Kahenya Petronilla , Muthee Jessina J. M. , Karia Mathew
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of teacher factors on the Mathematics performance of learners with dyscalculia in public primary schools in Starehe Sub-county, Nairobi City County. The study was guided by the social development theory of learning by Vygotsky (1978). The study was a mixed-method research applying a descriptive survey design. The target population was class seven pupils and their Mathematics teachers in 4 public primary schools in Starehe Sub-county. A sample size of 42 class seven pupils and 8 class seven Mathematics teachers were used. The purposive sampling technique was used to select teachers where only Mathematics teachers for class seven were sampled. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the learners. Data from the teachers was collected using a questionnaire. On the other hand, data from the pupils was collected using the Dyscalculia Screening Tool (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - WSIC III). School records were also examined to assess pupils’ Mathematics performance. Quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive statistics of frequencies, percentages and mean with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Qualitative data was analyzed by organizing it into themes corresponding to the study objectives and used to enhance the quantitative findings. Findings indicated that most teachers had a strong positive attitude towards Mathematics and their teaching profession in general which on stood at a mean of 4.4 on a scale of 5. Concerning the effect of the different teacher factors assessed on pupils’ Mathematics performance, teachers’ attitude had the highest mean (4.9) followed by teachers’ workload (mean = 4.8) and teaching experience (mean = 4.5). The study concludes that although the majority of the Mathematics teachers in public schools in the sub-county have vast teaching experience, few have acquired formal training in special needs education. Overall, teachers’ factors greatly affect pupils’ Mathematics performance in public primary schools. Teachers’ academic qualifications also affect the pupils’ Mathematics performance but to a lesser extent compared to teachers’ attitude, teachers’ workload and teaching experience. The study recommended that the government, through the Ministry of Education, need to consider organizing in-service training for primary school teachers with Mathematics learning disabilities.
 

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EFFECTIVENESS OF GROUP GUIDANCE DISCUSSION TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVING STUDENT'S ACADEMIC GRIT
Authors: Munawaroh Lailatul , Wangid Muhammad Nur
Published: January 2023

The problems that arise during the learning process are often not due to the students' cognitive inability, but rather the result of a lack of academic grit. Academic grit is important to make individuals work hard, have high standards, focus on fulfilling responsibilities, and continue to show effort despite failure, difficulties, and obstacles that always come in the way. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of discussion technique group guidance to improve students' academic grit. This study uses an experimental method with a pretest-posttest one-group design with as many as 9 students as the subject of the Islamic Education Guidance and Counseling Study Program, Raden Intan State Islamic University, Lampung, Indonesia. The data collection technique used an academic grit scale. Data analysis of the results of hypothesis testing based on the Wilcoxon test using SPSS V25 obtained the value asymp. sig (2 tailed) 0,007 < 0,05 and from the results of the pretest-posttest from the mean of 62 to 70, it can be concluded that the discussion technique group guidance is effective in increasing students' academic grit. From the results obtained the researchers suggest to 1) Student academic supervisor, when providing consulting services to students, the guidance service would be better to do it in groups because groups research shows that it can increase students' academic grit, 2) Students of the Islamic Education Guidance and Counseling Study Program at the State Islamic University of Raden Intan Lampung Indonesia Batch of 2021 should participate in group guidance service activities with full commitment from the beginning to the end of the activity because with group guidance it can increase students' academic grit. 3) Then suggestions for future researchers, to increase academic grit, can be tried with group guidance using other techniques.

 

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SCHOOL INSPECTION EFFICACY AND MANAGERIAL EFFECTIVENESS IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN NAKASONGOLA DISTRICT - THE CASE OF NAKASONGOLA TOWN COUNCIL AND WABINYONYI SUB-COUNTY, UGANDA
Authors: Serunjogi Charles Dickens
Published: January 2023

The study focused on school inspection and managerial effectiveness in government-aided primary schools in Wabinyonyi sub-county and Nakasongola Town Council in Nakasongola district, Uganda. Two study objectives guided the study thus; (i) To assess the efficacy of school inspection in Wabinyonyi sub-county and Nakasongola Town Council (ii) To examine the influence of school inspection on school effectiveness in Wabinyonyi sub-county and Nakasongola Town Council. A descriptive study design using a mixed-methods approach was employed. The study population comprised of headteachers and teachers from the 19 government-aided primary schools in Wabinyonyi sub-county and Nakasongola Town Council plus the inspectors of schools at the district headquarters. The study sample included 19 headteachers, 154 teachers and 2 school inspectors. The school inspectors and headteachers were selected purposively while the teachers were selected using a simple random technique. To collect quantitative data, closed-ended questionnaires were administered to teachers. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and interview guides were employed to collect data from headteachers and school inspectors respectively. Quantitative data were presented using descriptive statistics while content and thematic analysis techniques were used to analyse qualitative data. Results revealed that inspection efficacy was rated to be good in some quality indicators as evidenced by the ability of the inspectors to assess the appropriateness of teaching/learning, the effective assessment of teacher preparedness and planning, and the effective assessment of reports on the quality of school facilities. The inadequacies in school inspection included inspectors’ lack of in-depth knowledge of specific subjects and the inability by the inspectors to mentor headteachers in leadership. The study also revealed that school inspection had a significant influence on school effectiveness and this was manifested in the improvement in the teaching and learning process, improvement in the level of teacher preparedness/planning and improvement in the utilization of school resources.
 

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THE EFFECT OF USE OF MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIONS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES CLASS ON THE STUDENTS' ACADEMIC SUCCESS AND ATTITUDES TO THE SOCIAL STUDIES COURSE
Authors: Üstün Sadullah , Karatekin Kadir
Published: January 2023

The learning environment should support students' interest, desire and attitude towards learning. Qualified learning environments will positively affect students' learning situations. For this reason, teachers should use effective learning/teaching approaches in their lessons in order to enrich learning environments. Especially in the social studies course, where the concepts and knowledge of many disciplines are taught with an interdisciplinary approach, teachers should use effective learning/teaching approaches skillfully. One of the approaches that will increase the level of learning in social studies course is multiple representations. The use of multiple representations is an approach that improves students' mental characteristics and is effective in teaching abstract concepts. The aim of this research is to test the effectiveness of teaching practices supported by multiple representation in the social studies course, which includes many abstract concepts. In this study, a quasi-experimental model with pretest-posttest control group was used. In the research, the effect of teaching using multiple representation in social studies teaching on students' academic achievement and attitudes towards social studies lesson was observed. The sample of the research consists of 40 students studying in the 4th grade of primary school. In order to collect data in the research; "The Place We Live In Achievement Test" developed by the researcher and the "Attitude Scale Towards Social Studies Lesson" developed by Arslan and Şahiner (2010) were used. Before the study, the achievement test and the attitude scale were applied to the experimental and control groups as a pre-test. In the five-week period, the control group, with program-based teaching methods; In the experimental group, the lesson was taught with activities prepared with multiple representations. At the end of the process, a post-test was given to the experimental and control groups. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the use of multiple representations positively affected the academic success of the students and their attitudes towards the social studies course.

 

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ENGLISH-MAJORED STUDENTS' MOST COMMON CAREER OPTIONS AND THE LEVELS OF READINESS FOR THE CAREERS
Authors: Huy Le Quoc , Phong Lam Hoang , Anh Doan Le Huynh , Anh Vo Thi Tuyet
Published: January 2023

EFL students nowadays have a variety of career options. Most of them, however, still do not have a well-understanding or a strong readiness for their job targets. This study was conducted to find out the EFL students’ most career options, some language standards when selecting careers and to what extent students feel that they are ready for their future careers. To answer these questions, we use exploratory questionnaires to survey the participants. The findings demonstrate that teaching English is the most attractive career that EFL students want to attend after graduating, followed by the freelancer. However, a group of students still cannot locate their future careers. Additionally, juniors and seniors are considered to have better preparation for their career prospects than freshmen and sophomores.
 

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EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING OF FRENCH AND ITALIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: Režić Tolj Zrinka , Violić-Koprivec Ariana
Published: January 2023

Although online teaching had already been an educational standard at higher education institutions throughout the globe even before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, its history in Croatia was quite short. Its implementation depended on the educational policy of a concrete institution and the readiness of individual teachers to grapple with digital technology. The aim of this research, conducted in 2021 among Croatian university students, is to document and survey students’ perceptions about the features of French and Italian teaching in the context of emergency remote teaching. The correlations between the evaluation of students’ online teaching experience and their level of use of digital technology in foreign language learning, language proficiency level, digital competence and activity during the classes were examined. Also, the correlations between the features of online teaching and students’ level of digital technology use in foreign language learning, their language proficiency level, digital competence, the duration of language learning and their grades were examined. The results obtained for the French and Italian subsamples were compared. The contribution of this research is manifested through its practical implications for the improvement of the quality of foreign languages online teaching.
 

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AN INVESTIGATION OF REALITY AND CHALLENGES OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Mai Ho Xuan , Trang Nguyen Huynh
Published: January 2023

This descriptive study explores the reality of applying Project-based Learning (PBL) in the context of lower and upper secondary schools in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. It also aims to investigate the challenges English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers encounter in applying PBL in their actual language teaching classes. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were employed to collect the quantitative and qualitative data for this study. A total of 80 EFL teachers from 12 provinces of the Mekong Delta participated in the research, including 8 teachers purposively selected from the population for the interviews. The findings of the present research revealed that team PBL and classroom PBL were implemented most in EFL teachers’ teaching contexts. At the same time, whole-school PBL was seldom conducted due to its complexity in implementation. Most teachers fully carried out the step-by-step process of PBL implementation in their teaching. The results also indicated that EFL teachers face certain challenges when implementing PBL. The major challenges included challenges related to curriculum in terms of lack of time, no specific guidance and assessment criteria for PBL implementation; challenges related to students regarding their mixed abilities, differences in interests and learning styles, and lack of necessary materials and skills for doing projects; and challenges related to teachers comprising adaptation of project activities, lack of time for student support, and controlling large classes. These results provide insightful pedagogical implications for how PBL can be more feasible, applicable, and successful in Vietnamese teaching contexts.
 

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FREMDSPRACHENLERNEN ALS MÖGLICHER FAKTOR FÜR NACHHALTIGE ENTWICKLUNG:FALLBEISPIEL DER INSEL DRVENIK MALI IN KROATIEN / LANGUAGE LEARNING AS A POSSIBLE FACTOR FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDY OF THE ISLAND OF DRVENIK MALI IN CROATIA
Authors: Müller Mirela
Published: January 2023

Dem branchenübergreifenden Tourismus wird allgemein eine besondere Bedeutung für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung zugeschrieben. Dies zeigt sich vor allem an den Auswirkungen touristischer Aktivitäten, insbesondere beim Erwerb einer Fremdsprache. So punktet der Tourismus mit großen Beschäftigungseffekten und vielfältigen Einkommensmöglichkeiten im Zusammenspiel mit vielen anderen Wirtschaftszweigen und damit mit einer Diversifizierung der Wirtschaftsstruktur, insbesondere im ländlichen Raum. Die Untersuchung wurde am 14. Juni 2022 durchgeführt. 17 Einheimische wurden zufällig durch die Umfrage ausgewählt. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, die Einstellung der Ureinwohner zur Bedeutung des Erlernens einer Fremdsprache für die Nachhaltigkeit der Inselentwicklung zu untersuchen. Die Umfrage bestätigte, dass das Erlernen einer Fremdsprache, insbesondere Englisch, ist sehr wichtig für die Lebensfähigkeit der Tourismusentwicklung.

Cross-industry tourism is generally considered to be of particular importance for sustainable development. This is particularly evident in the effects of tourism activities, especially when learning a foreign language. Tourism scores with large employment effects and diverse income opportunities in interaction with many other economic sectors and thus with a diversification of the economic structure, especially in rural areas. The investigation was conducted on June 14, 2022. 17 locals were randomly selected through the survey. The aim of the research was to examine the attitudes of the indigenous people towards the importance of learning a foreign language for the sustainability of the island's development. The survey confirmed that learning a foreign language, especially English, is very important for the viability of tourism development.

 

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EVALUATION OF THE EFQM EXCELLENCE MODEL IN MEGA SPORTS ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: Dimopoulou Stefania
Published: January 2023

The application of the EFQM excellence model and the adoption of its principles enables sports organizations to achieve significant results, that will satisfy both customers and employees. Although many companies and organizations apply the EFQM excellence model, few mega sports organizations have adopted its application. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess if employees of mega sports organizations applied the processes of the EFQM excellence model and if there are differences between sexes. One hundred and forty-six employees at the Olympic Athletic Center of Athens "Spiros Louis", who agreed to take part in the study were asked to rate the nine criteria (Leadership, Human resources, Strategy and Policy, Suppliers/Sponsors/Resources, Processes, People outcomes, Customer outcomes, Results for the Society and Key performance results), of the "Administrative Excellence of Greek Sports Organizations" questionnaire (Karastathis, Afthinos, Gargalianos, 2014). The statistical tests used to analyze the data were: a) descriptive statistics, b) the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (for the normality of the dependent variables), c) the Cronbach reliability coefficient "a" (for the reliability of the scale) and d) the Kruskal-Wallis (to compare the average values of men and women). After the analysis of the data, the following were found: a) the internal consistency of the scale was 0.90, b) the Leadership criterion (4.23±0.70) had the lowest score and the Key performance results (2.83±0.95) had the highest score, c) it was observed a statistically significant difference between men and women only in criterion 5 Procedures (chi square=5.14, p<0.023). It is concluded that according to the estimates of the employees (men and women) at the Athens Olympic Sports Center "Spiros Louis" there is an attempt to apply some principles of the EFQM excellence model. Also, women had a more positive assessment than men in the Procedure criterion.
 

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COVID-19 ANXIETY AND COMPLIANCE WITH PREVENTIVE PROTOCOLS: A STUDY OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN DELTA CENTRAL SENATORIAL DISTRICT
Authors: Ogbeifo S. , Enakpoya E. E.
Published: January 2023

This study investigated the relationship between Covid-19 anxiety and compliance with preventive protocol among healthcare workers in Delta Central Senatorial District. Four hypotheses guided the study. The correlational research design was employed in the study. The population for the study comprised 1,296 healthcare workers in Delta Central Senatorial District. A sample size of 278 health workers was drawn from health facilities through Proportionate Stratified and convenience sampling techniques. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. The instrument was assessed for face, content, and construct validities by experts, while the Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient was used to check for the reliability of the items, and it yielded a coefficient of 0.89 and 0.71 for Covid-19 Anxiety Rating Scale and Compliance with Preventive Protocols Rating Scale respectively. The hypotheses were tested with regression statistics and Fisher-z statistics at a 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between health workers with low Covid-19 anxiety and compliance with preventive protocols; that there is a significant relationship between health workers with moderate Covid-19 anxiety and compliance with preventive protocols; and that there is a significant relationship between health workers with high Covid-19 anxiety and compliance with preventive protocols. The finding, however, revealed that there is no significant moderating impact of gender in the relationship between Covid-19 anxiety and compliance with preventive protocols. The study recommended amongst others, that health workers with a low level of Covid-19 anxiety should be reminded and sensitised that the fact that they have a low level of anxiety should not deter them from complying with Covid-19 preventive protocols.
 

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THE APPLICATION OF ICT IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION WITH AN EMPHASIS ON MUSIC EDUCATION
Authors: Nousia Alexandra , Batsis Dimitris
Published: January 2023

This study deals with the integration of ICT in preschool settings and the use of interactive applications with an emphasis on music education. Music in early childhood has been shown to enhance children's all-around development and helps them to cultivate basic skills. At the same time, the use of ICT is now so well established in everyday life that most preschool children become familiar with these tools, which are introduced by the public system, even in preschool education. A review of the theory and literature on this subject shows that there is indeed development in the creation of such curricula for pre-schoolers and their applications appear to have positive effects.
 

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THE INTEGRATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND VIDEO GAMES IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors: Nousia Alexandra
Published: January 2023

Our society which constantly evolves technologically, in connection with the use and presence of technological means in almost every home, has given rise to the need for inclusion and use of new technological means even in preschool education. Children from a very young age come into contact with electronic means of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), resulting in them acquiring empirically numerous skills and knowledge, even before entering preschool settings. Inevitably education has followed this social progress and development because of the great relationship that exists between them. Thus, the inclusion of ICT in education is a very important subject that constantly is put into a new perspective with constantly evolving research fields. In the present study, reference is made to the inclusion and educational use of ICT in preschool education. Evidence is presented after a literature review, which mainly concerns the effects and learning outcomes of preschool children's engagement with modern electronic media and video games.
 

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LEARNING ENVIRONMENT AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHER ATTITUDE AS DETERMINANTS OF THEIR PERCEIVED WELL-BEING
Authors: Aclan Camille Janica V. , Osorno Rodolfo II M.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the learning environment and Physical Education teacher attitude as determinants of their perceived well-being. Utilizing quantitative, non-experimental design via correlational technique, data were obtained from 320 MAPEH teachers of all public secondary schools under the Division of Davao del Sur, Region XI. The researcher utilized stratified random sampling and an online survey mode of data collection. The researcher also utilized statistical tools such as mean, Pearson r, and regression. From the results of the study, it was found out that there is a moderate level of mean score of the learning environment and very high level of PE teacher attitude, and a high level of perceived well-being. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between learning environment and perceived well-being while there is no significant relationship between PE teacher attitude and perceived well-being of teachers. Moreover, there is a significant influence of learning environment and PE teacher attitude on the perceived well-being of teachers.
 

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PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROTOCOLS DEVELOPED FOR ADOLESCENT SCHOOLCHILDREN
Authors: De Jesus Batista Mikael Henrique , Dos Santos Laurita , Nunes Tainá Soares
Published: January 2023

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global mortality, and the risk factor for cardiovascular disease is associated with atherosclerotic progression, not only in youth but also in early adulthood. Researchers point out that there is a need to identify effective interventions that can modulate such risk factors early in life for the primary prevention of atherosclerosis. Objective: To identify the existing physical activity protocols that can be optimized for the health of children and adolescents within the school environment. Methodological path: The present is a systematic review of the scientific literature in which research results obtained from articles found in the following online databases were generated: PUBMED, SciELO, Capes Portal, and Virtual Health Library. After stratifying the selected studies, a final sample of 7 studies was obtained. Results: Among the findings in the research, two types of different physical activity protocols are included: the first being resistance training protocols and the second being high-intensity interval training, which included trial researches and clinical trials, in which the adolescents participated in the two aforementioned training sessions. There were also studies in which the student performed the protocol of continuous moderate-intensity exercises and received nutritional counseling. There were also programs carried out in several schools that encourage the practice of physical activity at school to improve the cardiorespiratory fitness of adolescents. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the need for research that establishes regional intraschool activity protocols capable of impacting the reduction of cardiovascular risk, and preventing future health complications of these adolescents, such as acute myocardial infarctions and strokes, especially in the school environment since it is the place where this population gathers for the longest time, and healthy lifestyle habits should be promoted in this space.
 

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THE EFFECT OF PLYOMETRIC TRAINING PROGRAM ON PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE IN BASKETBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Demir Mehmet Emin , Dağlıoğlu Önder
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of a plyometric training program on the physical performance of basketball players. 24 male basketball players between the ages of 18-36, who regularly practice basketball, participated in the study voluntarily. Participants were divided into two different groups as the experimental group (n=12, age: 26.50±4.58) and the control group (n=12, age: 22.32±0.90). A plyometric training program was applied to the experimental group 3 days a week for 6 weeks. Both participating groups continued their regular basketball training during the season. In addition to basketball training in the experimental group; Plyometric exercises known as Lateral jump, Box jump, Squat jump, Nordic hamstring curl, Overhead slam, Plyometric push-ups, and Medicine ball bench press were applied. Flexibility, balance, vertical jump, shuttle run test, speed, and T-test were measured before and after the training. SPSS 22.0 package program was used for the statistical analysis of the data. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used for the normality test. Paired Samples T-test was used for comparisons within groups. The significance level was determined as p<0.05. Significance was found in the flexibility, balance, vertical jump, shuttle run, speed, and T-test values of the experimental group (p<0.05). The values of the control group were not significant (p>0.05). As a result, it can be said that the 6-week plyometric training program applied to basketball players has a positive effect on physical performance.
 

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THE EFFECTS OF PILATES EXERCISES ON BODY COMPOSITION AND FLEXIBILITY IN SEDENTARY WOMEN
Authors: Coşkun Ruken Boybay , Dağlıoğlu Önder
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of 6-week Pilates exercises applied to sedentary women on body composition and flexibility. A total of 18 volunteer sedentary women between the ages of 20-35 participated in the study. Two different groups were formed the experimental group (n:9 age: 28.30±4.42) and the control group (n:9 age: 28.70±5.41). A 60-minute Pilates exercise program was applied to the experimental group 3 days a week for 6 weeks. Weight, body fat percentage, body water ratio, body muscle ratio, and flexibility values were measured before and after Pilates exercises. SPSS 22.0 package program was used for the statistical analysis of the data. Mean and standard deviation values were used in the statistics of descriptive data. The Shapiro-Wilk Test was used to determine the normality of the data. Independent Samples T Test was used to evaluate the significance of the groups, and Paired Samples T Test was used for in-group comparisons. Statistical results were evaluated at p<0.05 significance level. Statistical significance was found in the weight, body fat percentage, body water ratio, body muscle ratio values, and flexibility scores of the experimental group (p<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the parameters of the control group (p>0.05). As a result, it can be said that 6-week Pilates exercises applied to sedentary women have a positive effect on body composition and flexibility.
 

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TEACHERS’ ATTITUDE AND ITS EFFECT ON PERFORMANCE IN ENGLISH AMONG LEARNERS WITH MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN SELECTED PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN KIAMBU COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Gachie Mary Wanjiku , Mathenge George , Nzoka Stephen
Published: January 2023

Specifically, the study aimed at determining the attitude of teachers toward learners with MID in selected primary schools in Kiambu County and how it influenced their performance in English. The study employed social constructivist theory to explore the teachers’ instructional strategies that had an effect on the English performance of learners with MID in acquiring self-regulation. In this study 31 class six English teachers, 2111 class six learners and 31 school administrators within 3 zones were targeted in the descriptive survey study. A 20% sample was used to sample the learners, while purposeful sampling was used for the teachers and school administrators. The study used a sample of 31 school administrators, 31 teachers and 422 learners, all from the three identified zones. Observation schedules, interview schedules and questionnaires were used to collect data. Piloting was done in Gicharani primary school to enhance the validity of the research instruments while the test and re-test method was used to test the instruments’ reliability. Quantitative data questions were analyzed by descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and measures of central tendencies. Findings revealed that the teachers’ attitude was positive with some having a negative attitude. The chi-square analysis revealed that the p-value was statistically significant at 0.018 implying that the teachers’ attitude towards the learners affected the learners with MID’s English performance. The study concludes that the teachers’ attitude towards learners with MID had a significant influence on the MID learners’ performance in English. The study recommends that primary school teachers should be trained on the need for a positive attitude in the classroom towards all the learners, more so those with MID to ensure their participation in class and improved self-esteem.
 

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CHALLENGES OF SOLID WASTE SEGREGATION AT UNKI PLATINUM MINE IN SHURUGWI, ZIMBABWE
Authors: Chihiya John M. , Nhedzi Emmanuel , Mapira Jemitias
Published: January 2023

Waste segregation at the source, which is a pre-requisite aspect in waste management challenges, is a concept that mining sectors in Zimbabwe are yet to completely appreciate and put into practice on a broader scale.  The accumulation of solid waste has become a global challenge in various mining industries. Despite the efforts of Unki Platinum Mine in environmental management participation in solid waste segregation at Unki Platinum Mine is still limited. Since the organization needs to accomplish its aim of zero waste to landfills by 2030, it is critical to encourage source separation practices among its personnel. There is a need to recognize the issues at a general employee level in order to propose appropriate suggestions for enhancing solid waste segregation at the source. The goal of this study was to look into the issues of solid waste segregation at the source at the Unki Platinum Mine in Shurugwi. Several departments at the mine that create significant solid wastes were chosen to participate in this investigation. Within the Mining, Concentrator, Human Resources, Mineral Resources Management, Engineering, and Environmental, Health and Safety and Quality (SHEQ) departments, questionnaire sets were distributed to the targeted audience. This research included a variety of data collection methods, including questionnaires, observations, and guided interviews. The problems with solid waste segregation at the source have been highlighted. These include a lack of adequate awareness and enough receptacles, especially in underground working locations, and failure to recognize substantial waste in sections, as well as behavioral tendencies and indifference on the part of most employees toward solid waste segregation systems. More recyclable waste is being dumped into landfill as a result of poor solid waste segregation at the source. The study findings revealed that inadequate receptacles, trash collection equipment, and a lack of effective instruction to staff are likely infrastructure hurdles to correct solid waste segregation at the source. Solid waste segregation at the source can be achieved by providing adequate receptacles, motivating personnel with incentives, and implementing appropriate instructions, awareness and initiatives.
 

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The Implementation of Non-Derogable rights under the ICCPR in the context of the defined role of the Treaty bodies
Authors: Baig Khurram , Kiran Iqra , Ahamad Waqas
Published: January 2023

In the context of ICCPR, the doctrine of the non-derogable rights is very significant in its nature keeping in view the concept of the civil and political rights. Further these tights are still available even during the time of public emergency which may threaten the life of the state parties. So the role of those bodies which have manifesto to ensure the implementation of such rights is very significant. In such scenario there is an issue that the states parties are bound to fulfill its obligations during that time of public emergency by fulfilling the conditions envisaged in the Article 4 of ICCPR. Although there are monitoring mechanism is there in the shape of the treaty bodies for the ensuring the implementation of the non-derogable rights. But not with standing that   there is dire need of some cogent and effective mechanism to monitor and supervise its execution by internationally recognized bodies which are called treaty bodies in terms of ensuring its implementation in letter and spirit as per the scheme and objective of the International covenant on civil and political rights 1966.
Mucuna pruriens Constituted Diet Ameliorates Manganese-Induced Behavioural Deficit and Histological Alterations in the Brains of Rats
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Cross River University of Technology, Okuku, Nigeria, Ogamode Olayi , Obu Micheal ,   Department of Anatomy, Chrisland University, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Ijomone Omamuyovwi ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
Published: January 2023

Overexposure to manganese (Mn) has been clearly established to trigger neurotoxicity that may result in Parkinson-like symptoms. Mucuna pruriens have been reported to possess constituents that could be neuroprotective. The present study evaluated the effect of M. pruriens constituted diet in Mn-induced memory and motor deficits, as well as on histological changes in the brain. Twenty-four adult Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of six rats. Three groups of animals were subjected to Mn-administration and on standard feed, 10% or 20% M. pruriens constituted feeds for a 5-week duration. The remaining group served as control and received standard feed only. Following experimental treatments, rats were subjected to the Y-maze test and the open-field test. Furthermore, brains were excised and evaluated with routine haematoxylin and eosin histological protocol. Result of spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test showed that Mn caused decreased memory performance and decreasing motor and explorative activities, but co-treatment with M. pruriens mitigated behavioural impairments. Additionally, Mn-administration resulted in noticeable neurodegenerative features in the cerebellum, hippocampus and striatum. However, concurrent use of M. pruriens diet slightly attenuated histological alterations. In conclusion, the present study suggests that treatment with M. pruriens may provide ameliorative benefits against Mn-induced neurotoxicity
Comparison Study between Orlistat and Moringa Oleifera as an Appetite Suppressant in Case of Obese Patients
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Gayatri College of Pharmacy, Sambalpur- 768200, Odisha, Motallebi Mona , Mishra Soumya Kanta ,   Department of Pharmacology, Gayatri College of Pharmacy, Sambalpur- 768200, Odisha, Panda Preetesh Kumar ,   Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Gayatri College of Pharmacy, Sambalpur- 768200, Odisha
Published: January 2023

Obesity is a disease in which excess accumulation of fat occurs in the adipose tissues of the body. Obesity is the main cause of many diseases such as type- 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and mental health disorders such as depression. In recent studies, Moringa oleifera have been found to have antilipidemic activity by reducing the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein. This review compares the therapeutic effect of herbal drug to orlistat, a lipase inhibitor. The mechanism of action of Orlistat is to prevent the intestinal absorption of fat present in food resulting into excretion of the unabsorbed fat from the body in the stool.
MEMPERSIAPKAN PENATUA SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG PELAYANAN DI GEREJA KRISTEN SETIA INDONESIA JEMAAT ISA ALMASIH TAMAN MINI
Authors: Illu Jonidius , Lawalata Mozes , Hia Yeremia , Tapilaha Sandra Rosiana
Published: January 2023

Beberapa isu pokok yang akan dibahas dalam tulisan ini antara lain: 1) Adanya anggapan dari jemaat bahwa pelayanan itu hanya tugas gembala jemaat karena telah mengikuti pembelajaran khusus di sekolah tinggi teologi. 2) Peranan penatua kurang maksimal karena gembala jemaat tidak mempersiapkannya melalui pembinaan. 3) Penatua tidak menjalankan tugas dengan maksimal karena tidak mengerti. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk memberikan pemahaman bahwa tugas pelayanan itu bukan hanya dilakukan oleh gembala jemaat, itu sebabnya perlu mempersiapkan pembinaan bagi calon penatua agar memberikan dukungan terhadap pelayanan. Mengikutsertakan penatua perlu dimulai dengan pembinaan agar mengerti Firman Tuhan dan mengerti perannya dalam pelayanan. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah dan pelatihan dengan harapan dapat memberi pemahaman kepada para calon majelis bahwa pelayanan juga menjadi tanggung jawabnya.
STRATEGI MANAJEMEN KONFLIK YANG DITERAPKAN PAULUS DI JEMAAT KORINTUS BERDASARKAN TEKS 1 KORINTUS 3:1-17
Authors: Putra Adi
Published: January 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini tentang fokus untuk mencari tahu atau menemukan strategi manajemen konflik yang diterapkan oleh Paulus untuk menyelesaikan konflik di jemaat Korintus. Untuk itu, dalam penelitian ini menganalisis teks 1 Korintus 3:1-17. Dan dengan menggunakan kajian eksegesis terhadap perikop di atas, maka peneliti menemukan beberapa strategi manajemen konflik yang diterapkan oleh Paulus di sana. Seperti: strategi akomodatif (Paulus memberikan nasihat dan peringatan), avoiding (Paulus menjelaskan substansi seorang pelayan), kolaborasi (gereja mengesampingkan ego dan penjelasan Paulus dan Apolos hanyalah hamba) dan kompromi (lebih mengutamakan kepentingan bersama dan melihat Gereja sebagai bangunan Allah yang harus bersatu).