bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health Equity in All Urban Policies: A Case Study of Richmond, California
Authors: Corburn Jason , Curl Shasa , Arredondo Gabino
Published: August 2024

Local governments working in partnership with communities can institutionalize practices that promote health equity. We offer a case study of how one city in the US is implementing Health in All Policies (HiAP) with the explicit aim of promoting health equity. We use participant observations, original document reviews and interviews to describe how Richmond, California, is building new partnerships, programs and practices with community-based organizations and within government itself as part of the implementation of its HiAP Ordinance. We also report on indicators that were identified by community and government stakeholders for tracking progress toward improving place-based determinants of population health. We find that the responsibility for implementing Richmond’s HiAP Ordinance rests on a new institution within local government and this entity is building new partnerships, promoting innovative policies and augmenting practices toward greater health equity. We also reveal how city governments and community partners can collaboratively track progress toward health equity using locally gathered data.
Perceived impacts of a school-based growth mindset programme ‘Mindset Teams’ in Scotland: a qualitative study
Authors: Morgan Kelly , Reed Hayley , Garay Samantha , de Vocht Frank , Murphy Simon
Published: August 2024

Background

Teachers as delivery agents within school-based mindset programmes is a potential intervention strategy for improving pupils’ outcomes. The Mindset Teams programme, utilises teachers as delivery agents, with an aim to improve learning resilience for health and attainment outcomes among schools in Scotland. This study examined the perceived impacts of the programme to develop a programme theory of change and refine an earlier co-produced logic model.

Methods

Across six intervention schools, one-to-one interviews were conducted with teachers (N = 18) and focus groups were conducted with 23 pupils aged 8-11-years. Fourteen stakeholders involved in programme provision, secondary school delivery, funding decisions or policy-related areas also participated in a one-to-one interview. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis with a combined deductive and inductive coding approach.

Results

Themes were identified in relation to impacts on teachers (five themes), pupils (eight themes), and broader outcomes (two themes), with most themes discussed by teachers and wider stakeholders. Across data, findings highlighted the proposed mechanisms by which the programme was intending to produce impacts, largely through increasing teacher knowledge and facilitating a positive school environment. Themes demonstrated the breadth of perceived programme impacts, highlighting both attainment and wellbeing outcomes among pupils.

Conclusions

Findings provide support for Mindset programmes focusing on the development of teachers’ mindsets, highlighting the resultant perceived impacts this can have on both teachers and pupils alike. Future research should seek to capture health and wellbeing measures alongside attainment data to fully explore programme impacts.
Exploring the acceptability, barriers, and facilitators to psychosis screening in the integrated behavioral health primary care setting: a qualitative study
Authors: Savill Mark , Loewy Rachel L , Gobrial Sarah , Kirkpatrick Julianna , Porteus A. Jonathan , Lesh Tyler A , Ragland J. Daniel , Niendam Tara A , Carter Cameron S
Published: August 2024

Background

A longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is associated with poorer treatment outcomes. Screening for psychosis spectrum disorders in the primary care setting could help support the earlier detection and treatment of individuals in need. However, the acceptability of screening for psychosis in this setting as part of routine care is currently unknown.

Methods

We conducted a qualitative interview study with providers and service users who participated in an early psychosis screening program conducted in an integrated behavioral health primary care (IBH-PC) setting. Interviews were recruited from one of eight WellSpace Federally Qualified Health Center IBH-PC clinics in the Sacramento, CA area. Transcripts of the recorded interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

In total, 12 providers and eight service users participated in the interviews. Most service user and provider participants were supportive of psychosis screening in an IBH-PC setting, but not as part of the general practitioner consultation due to the brief, non-behavioral health nature of many of the appointments, and the expected low prevalence of psychosis in this population. The support of leadership, adequate training and support, staff turnover, and organizational changes were all seen to impact the successful implementation of the program. Different barriers and facilitators were considered important at each stage of the process from introducing the screening procedures to service users; to determining when, where, and how to screen; and how to effectively manage the referral and post-referral stages.

Conclusions

Despite the additional challenges of screening in an IBH-PC setting relative to secondary mental health services, the process was considered acceptable and feasible to providers and service users. Services that plan to conduct psychosis screening in their clinics need to consider the challenges and their potential solutions to implementation at each stage of the screening process.
Daytime napping and the incidence of Parkinson’s disease: a prospective cohort study with Mendelian randomization
Authors: Lin Fabin , Shi Yisen , Song Wenjing , Weng Yanhong , Zou Xinyang , Chen Xuanjie , Zheng Jiayi , Chen Ke , Ye Qinyong , Wu Xilin , Cai Guoen
Published: August 2024

Background

The causal relationship between daytime napping and the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear, with prospective studies providing limited evidence. This study investigated the association between daytime napping frequency and duration and PD incidence and explored the causality relationship between this association by conducting Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods

This prospective cohort study included 393,302 participants, and accelerometer-measured daytime napping data were available only for 78,141 individuals. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the association between the daytime napping frequency and duration and the PD risk. The role of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in the association between daytime napping frequency and PD risk was assessed through mediation analyses. Moreover, the causal association between the daytime napping frequency and the PD risk was preliminarily explored by conducting two-sample MR analyses.

Results

The median follow-up duration was 12.18 years. The participants who reported napping sometimes or usually exhibited a significantly higher PD risk than those who never/rarely napped during the day [sometimes: hazard ratio (HR), 1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–1.23; usually: HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.14–1.55], and SII played a mediating role in this association. However, the MR analyses did not indicate that the daytime napping frequency and PD risk were significantly associated. The participants napping for over 1 h exhibited a significantly elevated PD risk (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.11–2.16). Moreover, no significant interaction was identified between napping frequency or duration and genetic susceptibility to PD (P for interaction > 0.05).

Conclusions

In this study, increased daytime napping frequency and duration were associated with an increased PD risk, but no causal relationship was observed between napping frequency and PD risk in the MR analysis. Larger GWAS-based cohort studies and MR studies are warranted to explore potential causal relationships.
Novel microwave assisted carboxymethyl-graphene oxide and its hepatoprotective activity
Authors: Tohamy Hebat-Allah S. , Mohamed Fatma El-Zahraa S. , El-Sakhawy Mohamed
Published: August 2024

This study reports a novel, eco-friendly; fast and cost-effective microwave method for synthesizing carboxymethylated graphene oxide (CMGO) from sugarcane residues. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful CMGO synthesis through the presence of characteristic peaks at 1567.93 and 1639.29 cm−1 (COONa vibrations) and increased CH2 intensity compared to unmodified graphene oxide (GO). Furthermore, CMGO derived from sugarcane residues demonstrated potential in mitigating the side effects of toxic materials like carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Treatment with CMGO partially reduced elevated levels of liver enzymes (ALT and AST) and nitrogenous waste products (urea and uric acid) in CCl4-induced liver damage models, suggesting an improvement in liver function despite ongoing cellular damage.This work paves the way for a sustainable and economical approach to produce functionalized graphene oxide with promising biomedical applications in alleviating toxin-induced liver injury.

Graphical abstract
Digitalizing cultural heritage through metaverse applications: challenges, opportunities, and strategies
Authors: Buragohain Dipima , Meng Yahui , Deng Chaoqun , Li Qirui , Chaudhary Sushank
Published: August 2024

Preservation and accessibility of cultural heritage have become essential with the rapid advancements of globalization and modernization endeavors constantly threatening historical artifacts and sites across the world. The advent of the metaverse, with its immersive and interactive capabilities, presents a novel approach to safeguarding and promoting cultural heritage. The current study aims to explore the potential of metaverse applications in digitalizing cultural heritage, encompassing virtual reconstructions, educational outreach, global accessibility, and sustainability. It conducts a systematic literature review using PRISMA guidelines to collect, screen, and evaluate existing research enquiries into investigating current practices and technologies in the digitalization of heritage preservation. The study also conducts case study research to investigate the challenges and opportunities associated with the virtual preservation of tangible and intangible cultural assets, including issues of authenticity, representation, and sustainability. Furthermore, it evaluates the impact of metaverse applications on public engagement and cultural education. The findings provide valuable insights into developing innovative strategies for preserving cultural heritage in the digital age while highlighting best practices and guidelines for optimizing metaverse applications in cultural heritage preservation.
DCE-CT parameters as new functional imaging biomarkers at baseline and during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with lung cancer – a feasibility study
Authors: Andersen Michael Brun , Drljevic-Nielsen Aska , Ehlers Jeanette Haar , Thorup Kennet Sønderstgaard , Baandrup Anders Ohlhues , Palne Majbritt , Rasmussen Finn
Published: August 2024

Background

With the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the need for new functional imaging techniques and early response assessments has increased to account for new response patterns and the high cost of treatment. The present study was designed to assess the prognostic impact of dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT) on survival outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Methods

Thirty-three patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors were prospectively enrolled for DCE-CT as part of their follow-up. A single target lesion at baseline and subsequent follow-up examinations were enclosed in the DCE-CT. Blood volume deconvolution (BVdecon), blood flow deconvolution (BFdecon), blood flow maximum slope (BFMax slope) and permeability were assessed using overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) as endpoints in Kaplan Meier and Cox regression analyses.

Results

High baseline Blood Volume (BVdecon) (> 12.97 ml × 100 g−1) was associated with a favorable OS (26.7 vs 7.9 months; p = 0.050) and PFS (14.6 vs 2.5 months; p = 0.050). At early follow-up on day seven a higher relative increase in BFdecon (> 24.50% for OS and > 12.04% for PFS) was associated with an unfavorable OS (8.7 months vs 23.1 months; p < 0.025) and PFS (2.5 vs 13.7 months; p < 0.018). The relative change in BFdecon (categorical) on day seven was a predictor of OS (HR 0.26, CI95: 0.06 to 0.93 p = 0.039) and PFS (HR 0.27, CI95: 0.09 to 0.85 p = 0.026).

Conclusion

DCE-CT-identified parameters may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers at baseline and during early treatment in patients with NSCLC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Self-assembled rectorite films with remarkable mechanical performance: preparation, structural characterization, and properties
Authors: Atanasova Maria T. , Focke Walter W. , Loots Theodor
Published: August 2024

Cohesive flexible rectorite clay films with good mechanical performance were prepared by a simple casting method through the self-assembly of exfoliated natural clay from aqueous dispersions. The multi-layered microstructure of the films consisted of continuous layers of aligned clay platelets parallel to the casting surface. Layers overlap randomly in the lateral direction (plane) and join vertically in an irregular manner by edge-to-face cross-linkages (bridging) to form coherent multi-layered nanostructured films with platelet-void microstructure. The films with the highest mechanical properties had thicknesses below 30 µm. Overall films from rectorite clay with monovalent interlayer content exhibited a higher experimental tensile strength ranging up to 44 MPa and Young’s modulus up to 56 GPa. The corresponding experimental values for films with divalent interlayer cations were 23 MPa for strength and 25 GPa for modulus. The highest experimental values for strength and modulus for neat Na–Ca–rectorite films were 25 MPa and 50 GPa respectively. These two mechanical property values of the best rectorite-based clay films compare favorably with values featured by polymer films typically used for packaging applications.
Sentiment-semantic word vectors: A new method to estimate management sentiment
Authors: Phan Tri Minh
Published: August 2024

This paper introduces a novel method to extract the sentiment embedded in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis (MD &A) section of 10-K filings. The proposed method outperforms traditional approaches in terms of sentiment classification accuracy. Utilizing this method, the MD &A sentiment is found to be a strong negative predictor of future stock returns, demonstrating consistency in both in-sample and out-of-sample settings. By contrast, if traditional sentiment extraction methods are used, the MD &A sentiment exhibits no predictive ability for stock markets. Additionally, the MD &A sentiment is associated with dividend-related macroeconomic channels regarding future stock return prediction.
Numerical experiment on data assimilation for geothermal doublets using production data and electromagnetic observations
Authors: Oudshoorn Christiaan , Werthmüller Dieter , Slob Evert , Voskov Denis
Published: August 2024

The data assimilation process for geothermal reservoirs often relies on well data, which primarily offer insights into the immediate vicinity of the borehole. However, integrating geophysical methods can provide valuable information beyond well proximity, possibly enhancing reservoir predictions. Current methods of monitoring geothermal reservoirs struggle to maintain a good signal-to-noise ratio for deep reservoirs. Diffusive electromagnetic (EM) methods can be sensitive to the decreasing conductivity from heat extraction in geothermal reservoirs and offer promising additional value. To test their potential effectiveness, numerical examples are simulated. A scheme to incorporate diffusive EM observations into a data assimilation process for geothermal reservoirs is presented and implemented in this study. First, an ensemble of prior models representing the reservoir uncertainty is used to determine the moments of the resulting temperature field using a forward geothermal simulation. Subsequently, a conductivity model is calculated from the temperature field using an empirical relationship. The expected electric field response can then be simulated using an EM forward model. EM sources are placed on the surface around the expected cold plume location. The receiver is placed at reservoir depth. To assimilate the data, the ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation method is used. The findings demonstrate that the incorporation of EM data provides valuable information regarding the temperature field. This improves the accuracy of the temperature forecast of the entire reservoir when combined with the localized data from the production well and, therefore, helps to resolve the complex migration of the cold front. These results highlight the monitoring potential of EM observations for geothermal reservoirs.
Mandatum
Authors: Harris David
Published: August 2024

In this poem, a patient refuses curative treatment. It explores ideas of consent, understanding, and the spirit.
The Glass Ceiling in Global Health: Perspectives of Female and Male Anesthesiologists
Authors: Matejic Bojana , Nelson Brett D. , Collins Lisa , Milenovic Miodrag S.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Gender equity is essential for improving health outcomes globally. Despite comprising 75% of the global health workforce and dominating academic global health programs, women remain underrepresented in leadership positions in global health organizations. Our study aimed to identify potential gender differences in the beliefs and attitudes regarding barriers that women anesthesiologists encounter in pursuing careers and leadership roles in global health and to identify recommendations for improving gender equity in global health.

METHODS:

We conducted a cross-sectional online survey focusing on career leadership opportunities and challenges uniquely faced by women clinicians in global health. We obtained permission from the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists to distribute our questionnaire to their leadership committee members during 2 months (May–July 2022).

RESULTS:

The questionnaire was distributed to 164 study participants with 67 individuals (44.8% female) based in 38 different countries completing the survey (response rate 40.9%). Overall, 47.8% of the participants aspired to a leadership position in global health and 58.2% agreed women face unique barriers to global health leadership (70.0% of women compared to 48.6% of men; P = .081). Female gender (odds ratio [OR], 19.22, P = .004) and divorced marital status (OR, 746.26, P = .004) were positively associated and African ethnicity (OR, 0.002, P = .017) was negatively associated with the perception of gender bias in their career growth. The main challenges included balancing work and family responsibilities, lack of female mentors or role models, gender-based discrimination, and limited opportunities for career advancement. Men acknowledged these challenges but reported personally experiencing them to a lesser extent, particularly concerning lack of opportunities (P = .005), inadequate pay (P = .000), and lack of training (P = .000).

CONCLUSIONS:

Gender disparities exist in the pursuit of global health careers. This study underscored that more women than men perceive barriers in pursuing leadership roles in global health and that men generally encounter these obstacles to a lesser extent. Female representation in leadership positions could be supported through evidence-informed policies that promote work-life balance, improve mentorship, offer equal opportunities for career advancement and adequate pay, and combat gender-based discrimination.
Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Survival After a Nadir Hemoglobin <3.0 g/dL in 2 Jehovah’s Witness Patients: A Case Report
Authors: Sklar Matthew B. , Kajstura Tymoteusz J. , Vogt Samantha L. , Gray Christy , Ulatowski John A. , Resar Linda M.S. , Frank Steven M.
Published: August 2024

We report 2 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding and profound anemia in Jehovah’s Witness patients (with nadir hemoglobin of 2.1 and 2.8 g/dL), both of whom survived until discharge to home. Management included supportive care, antifibrinolytics, and an aggressive erythropoietic regimen. Despite previous reports of high mortality with hemoglobin concentrations less than 5 to 6 g/dL, these patients illustrate that meticulous care in selected patients with severe anemia can lead to successful outcomes, without transfusion.
ASSESSMENT OF THE OPERATING COST OF UNMANNED AGRICULTURAL UNITS
Authors: Starostin Ivan , Davydova Svetlana Aleksandrovna , YEin Alyeksandr , Degtyareva Elena
Published: August 2024

Currently, research is being actively carried out on the development of unmanned mobile agricultural equipment capable of performing a range of different operations when combined with various agricultural machines. One of the key issues regarding the prospects for using unmanned mobile devices is assessing the economic efficiency of their use. As a result of the analysis of generally accepted methods for calculating the cost of operating mobile vehicles, it was revealed that the cost of operating unmanned mobile vehicles depends on their cost, annual load, power, productivity of agricultural units formed with them and the number of unmanned mobile vehicles controlled by one dispatch center operator. An assessment of the cost of operating unmanned mobile vehicles showed that the use of unmanned mobile vehicles created on the basis of commercially produced tractors while maintaining the existing gradation of traction classes and power allows reducing the cost of a motor-hour of operation compared to basic tractors by 3...19%, depending on traction class. The use of low-power universal unmanned mobile vehicles working in a group allows reducing the cost of a motor-hour of operation relative to a base tractor only in traction classes 0.2-0.6, and unmanned mobile vehicles created on the basis of several similar energy modules - only in traction classes 0.2-0.9. In the course of assessing the maximum economically feasible costs for re-equipping a base tractor when creating unmanned mobile vehicles on its basis, it was found that with an increase in the traction class, the limit of the maximum economically feasible costs for conversion increases, while the share of costs for re-equipping the base tractor in the cost of unmanned mobile vehicles decreases from 183% in traction class 0.2 to 11% in traction class 8. Thus, it has been established that it is economically feasible to convert serial tractors of the highest traction classes into unmanned mobile vehicles first of all.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNAL CONTROL METHODS OF OWN CAPITAL
Authors: Klychova Guzaliya , Zakirova Alsu , Khoruzhy Valery , Petrova Evgeniya
Published: August 2024

For effective management of equity capital, which is one of the main sources of resource generation, and for making management decisions, it is necessary to provide information to the management of an economic entity. One of the tools for information support of the equity capital management system is internal control. Effective planning of internal control of equity capital is facilitated by an internal control program that allows you to monitor the timeliness, efficiency and effectiveness of control procedures. To systematize the results of control activities and the subsequent precise formulation of conclusions and recommendations based on the results of the inspection of constituent documents, the developed internal control working document “Checking of constituent documents” is intended. The improvement of internal control over the formation, structure, composition and size of the authorized capital is facilitated by the internal control working document “Checking the formation, structure, composition and size of the authorized capital”, which systematizes violations identified during internal control, which allows them to be quickly eliminated and general recommendations can be formulated. preventing these violations in the future. To summarize the results of internal control on the basis of the internal control working document “Checking the correctness of the acceptance for accounting and use of target financing,” the controller establishes the legality of the use of target financing funds and generates a summary report on the results of the check of equity capital, in which he formulates recommendations for improving the efficiency of the equity capital management system, including targeted financing. Working documents of internal control allow us to improve the methodological support of internal control, obtain timely and reliable information, which allows us to quickly control changes in equity capital.
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING METHOD FOR STRENGTHENING SOIL TILLAGE WORKING UNITS
Authors: Mironov Denis , Lamm Aleksey , Rasulov Rustam
Published: August 2024

The functioning of agricultural machinery and equipment is an integral factor in ensuring the sustainability of production. Wear of the working units of tillage mechanisms is associated with a gradual change in their geometric and physical-mechanical characteristics, which in turn reduces the efficiency of tillage. One of the methods for solving this problem is to apply a protective layer of material that has increased wear resistance. Selective laser sintering (SLS) and plasma powder cladding are technologies for applying protective layers to the surface of agricultural machinery parts. A comparative analysis of these methods will allow us to assess their effectiveness and applicability in agricultural conditions. The results of comparing these methods will allow you to choose the optimal solution depending on the specific requirements and operating conditions of agricultural equipment. Calculation of the choice of design and material parameters shows that when using selective laser sintering as a method of strengthening the working units of soil-cultivating machines, the savings in hard alloy will be 35%. It has been established that due to the formation of a homogeneous, thin, wear-resistant, strengthening layer on the working unit, the effective shaping of its blade part occurs, which ensures the established plowing depth without violating the agrotechnical parameters of the soil cultivation process. When testing for reliability, it was determined that the wear rate of the experimental bits was significantly lower than the serial ones. The average wear rate for 8 bits is: experimental samples - 0.458 mm/ha, serial samples - 0.559 mm/ha. The effectiveness of using new materials and the method (SLS) for strengthening soil-cutting working units in comparison with hardening by the plasma method under operating conditions will ensure an increase in the service life of experimental parts by 18%.
Natura sporu o pojęcie prawa
Authors: Gizbert-Studnicki Tomasz
Published: August 2024

The concept of law is notoriously controversial. The main controversy is the one between legal positivism and antipositivism. The subject-matter of this paper is to elucidate the nature of this dispute. On the one hand, the dispute may be interpreted as relating to the nature of law, conceived as a set of its necessary or essential features of law. This leads to the number of difficult philosophical questions relating to the concept of essence, the concept of necessity etc. Anyhow, such a dispute is a dispute relating to the object level, that is to the question of what law actually is. On the other hand, the dispute may be conceived as a metalinguistic controversy, relating to the meaning of the word law. So conceived of, the dispute belongs to the sphere of conceptual engineering, as an attempt to answer the question of what concept of law should we use.
Stany rzeczy a reguły prawne
Authors: Araszkiewicz Michał
Published: August 2024

The subject of the paper is a particular understanding of the concept of states of affairs and the consequences of this approach for the conception of legal rules, as well as for legal interpretation and subsumption. The concept of states of affairs is primarily reconstructed based on the conception of Jaap Hage. Subsequently, a concept of rules (including legal rules) based on this notion is presented. Further, the analysis covers different types of interpretation and criteria for distinguishing between the interpretation of law and subsumptive reasoning. In the final part, a direction for further research is suggested, related to the possibility of combining two ontologies of law considered distinct: the institutional approach and interpretivism.
Krytyka eklektycznego podejścia do wykładni prawa
Authors: Tobor Zygmunt , Zeifert Mateusz
Published: August 2024

The authors present two meta-theoretical approaches to statutory interpretation: the „categorical” approach, which assumes that there is a universal criterion for the correctness of interpretation, and the „eclectic” approach, which assumes that the criterion of correctness is flexible and its choice should be made casu ad casum by the interpreter himself. The latter approach has been gaining popularity among legal theorists in recent years; it also manifests itself in judicial decisions. The authors criticize it, pointing out that it is incompatible with the idea of the rule of law, and moreover, it blurs the difference between the cognitive and creative dimensions of applying the law. Not everything lawyers do with a statutory text should be called “statutory interpretation.” This applies to several mental operations, such as filling loopholes in the law, implementing moral values, or deciding what is just. For the sake of clarity of the discourse, the term “statutory interpretation” should be reserved for the process of determining the legislator’s intention.
Integralna interpretacja konstytucji
Authors: Stawecki Tomasz
Published: August 2024

The article presents a less-known aspect of Ronald Dworkin’s legal philosophy, namely the concept of the integrity of law and its importance in the practice of applying the U.S. Constitution. The text discusses the idea of integrity as an ethical consistency of our beliefs and actions, as well as the concept of integrity as an essential component of legal reasoning in hard cases. According to Dworkin, maintaining the integrity of law is the duty of judges, but also a strategy of adjudication that complements the balancing method. The article also presents the general concept of the interpretation of law formulated by Dworkin. This, in turn, is the basis for understanding the practice of the so-called moral reading of the constitution. Dworkin’s position expresses a liberal vision of democracy and opposes the contemporary ambitions of conservative politicians.
Wojciech Biechoński (1839-1926) – weteran powstania styczniowego i propagator przemysłu naftowego
Authors: Michalska-Bracha Lidia
Published: August 2024

The subject of this paper is an attempt to outline the biography of Wojciech Biechoński (1839-1926), a member of the National Government of Poland during the January Uprising, emigrant, social activist, owner of an oil mine in Męcina Wielka, Mayor of Gorlice (1887-1902) and councilman of the City of Lviv (1906- 1911), with particular focus on his operations in the oil industry in Galicia at the end of the 19th century. Biechoński’s social and professional occupations are discussed against a broader background of the contribution of the 1863 January Uprising veteran community to the development of the socio-economic life of autonomous Galicia. Between 1903 and 1922, Biechoński served as Vice-President and later, President of the Lviv Mutual Aid Society of the 1863/64 Polish Uprising Combatants. The article draws on Biechonski’s manuscript legacy, which is less known in historiography and survives in the Central National Historical Archive of Ukraine in Lviv.
Robert Doms, Hersch Goldhammer, Julian Wang i inni… Lwowscy przemysłowcy oraz ich rola w budowaniu galicyjskiego przemysłu naftowego oraz gazowniczego
Authors: Meus Konrad
Published: August 2024

Karol and Zygmunt Lewakowski, Robert Doms, Julian Wang, or Hersch Goldhammer are some of the figures who directly or indirectly contributed to the rise of the Polish oil and gas industry more than one century ago. To date, Polish and foreign researchers have tended to focus on or mention these figures in a prefunctory manner, borderline to the main topics of interest. The figures were less prominent than the giants of the Polish oil industry of the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, who included Ignacy Łukasiewicz, Władysław Długosz, Stanisław Szczepanowski, Tytus Trzeciewski, Wacław Wolski, or Marian Wieleżyński. The Lewakowskis, Doms, Wang, and Goldhammer, whom this paper focuses on, were leading figures for the Galician oil and gas industry. Their contribution to this branch of Galician economy cannot be overestimated. Robert Doms became the owner of the ozokerite mine in Borysław as early as the 1850s. Hersch Goldhammer, in turn, was co-founder of Borysławska Spółka Naftowa (The Borysław Oil Company), which was the first commercial business in Borysław to bring together the region’s largest oil tycoons. Karol and Zygmunt Lewakowski owned and developed an oil mine in Słoboda Rungurska in the region of Pokuttya. The last of the figures showcased here, Julian Wang, became famous for building the first gasworks in Stanisławów, a facility extremely modern for its time. All those named are remembered not only as exceptionally skilful entrepreneurs, but also as social, charitable and philanthropic activists.
Galicyjskie dziedzictwo naftowe jako zasób rozwojowy Polski południowo-wschodniej
Authors: Broński Krzysztof
Published: August 2024

The lands of south-eastern Poland, which in the 19th century were a northern province of the Habsburg Empire, are the cradle of the birth of the global oil industry. It was here that Ignacy Łukasiewicz, the inventor of the world’s first oil lamp, founder of the oil industry on Polish soil and a pioneer in the development of the oil industry worldwide, was active. At the dawn of the 20th century, Galicia became an important world producer of crude oil, alongside the United States and Russia. The relics of the oil industry scattered in Małopolska and Podkarpacie in the form of cellars, mining machinery and equipment, refineries, as well as the technical thought of Galician engineers, are an important resource of oil industry heritage. This resource includes professional periodicals. The potential of oil heritage can be used as driver to develop the leisure industry or community integration, as an educational tool and an instrument for promotion of the region. Underpinning the use of this heritage in development is an awareness of its value among local government representatives, heritage resource owners, as well as businesses and the community at large. The oil industry heritage can be an important factor in the scientific, cultural and economic cooperation between Poland and Ukraine.
Code and Data Repository for Path-Based Formulations for the Design of On-demand Multimodal Transit Systems with Adoption Awareness
Authors: Guan Hongzhao , Basciftci Beste , Van Hentenryck Pascal
Published: August 2024

The goal of this software is to showcase the utilization of the P-PATH model for designing On-demand Multimodal Transit Systems with Adoption Awareness.
Optimal Ratcheting of Dividends with Capital Injection
Authors: Wang Wenyuan , Xu Ran , Yan Kaixin
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we investigate the optimal dividend problem with capital injection and ratcheting constraint with nondecreasing dividend payout rate. Capital injections are introduced in order to eliminate the possibility of bankruptcy. Under the Cramér–Lundberg risk model, the problem is formulated as a two-dimensional stochastic control problem. By applying the viscosity theory, we show that the value function is the unique viscosity solution to the associated Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation. In order to obtain analytical results, we further study the problem with finite ratcheting constraint, where the dividend rate takes only a finite number of available values. We show that the value function under general ratcheting can be approximated arbitrarily closely by the one with finite ratcheting. Finally, we derive the expressions of value function when the threshold-type finite ratcheting dividend strategy with capital injection is applied, and we show the optimality of such a strategy under certain conditions of concavity. Numerical examples under various scenarios are provided at the end.

Funding W. Wang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 12171405, 12271066, and 11661074] and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [Grant 20720220044]. R. Xu was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 12201506 and 12371468], the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China [Grant 21KJB110024], and Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Research Development Funding [Grant RDF-20-01-02].
Identification of Competencies for Green Jobs in Tourism Skills at TVET: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Riswano Riswano , Widiaty Isma
Published: August 2024

Sustainable tourism is a concept aimed at addressing the negative impacts of the tourism industry on the environment, society, and culture. In this context, research on the identification of competencies for green jobs in the field of tourism is crucial for the development of a responsible and sustainable tourism industry. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between green competencies and green jobs, and to identify the competencies required for green jobs in the tourism sector. This research adopts the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method following the PRISMA guidelines. A total of 520 articles were collected from Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, and after applying the predetermined criteria, 58 relevant articles were included for analysis. The findings of the study indicate that TVET plays a vital role in preparing the workforce for the transition towards sustainable tourism and there is a link between green competencies and green jobs in the tourism sector as seen from the fact that there is an increasing demand for green workers who must master green competencies, the implication is that it is important to implement green competency-based learning on TVET and this all needs support from the government, the tourism industry sector and the community.
Mapping the Landscape of Sustainability Literacy Research in Vocational Education: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Umbara Destie Monikha Austriya , Handayani Mustika Nuramalia
Published: August 2024

Integrating sustainability literacy into vocational education is vital for preparing students to tackle 21st-century sustainability challenges. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to map existing literature on sustainability literacy in vocational education, revealing trends, gaps, and themes. Using the Systematic Literature Network Analysis (SLNA) approach, it combines bibliometrics with systematic literature review (SLR). The customized SLR process identifies relevant Scopus articles from 2018 to 2023 with specific keywords. The analysis identifies eight main topic clusters, including environmental literacy as a key theme. Other clusters cover sustainability literacy, education approaches, vocational training, higher education, and country-specific case studies. The study indicates growing interest in sustainability literacy, seen in the rising publications since 2017. The findings emphasize the need for targeted pedagogical strategies and a more cohesive research landscape to enhance sustainability literacy's impact in vocational education. This research serves two purposes it offers insights into current trends, and inform about the importance of sustainability literacy in vocational education and how it can be implemented. In conclusion, this analysis provides a comprehensive view of sustainability literacy research in vocational education, guiding researchers, policymakers, and educators to improve sustainability education and ready students for sustainability-focused industries.
Edupreneurship through Teaching Factory in the Light Vehicle Engineering Skills Program at Muhammadiyah Kutowinangun Vocational School
Authors: Kuat Tri , Hardiyanta Rendra Ananta Prima , Pawitno Eko , Nugroho Muhammad Eko Agung
Published: August 2024

This research aims to (1) analyze the implementation of edupreneurship through a teaching factory in the light vehicle engineering skills program in Kutowinangun Muhammadiyah Vocational School; (2) analyze the driving factors for implementing edupreneurship through a teaching factory in the light vehicle engineering skills program at Muhammadiyah Kutowinangun Vocational School; and (3) analyzing the factors inhibiting the implementation of edupreneurship through a teaching factory in the light vehicle engineering skills program at Muhammadiyah Kutowinangun Vocational School. This qualitative research uses descriptive methods approach. Data collection was carried out by interviews, observations, and documentation. Research subjects are: principal, deputy principal curriculum fields, productive teachers, and students. The data analysis technique uses interactive analysis, starting from data collection and then reducing the data; after reduced, presented the data, and finally verified. The validity of the data was tested by triangulation. Findings in this research revealed that (1) Planning , organizing, implementing, and monitoring/evaluation, implementation of edupreneurship through the teaching factory , competency in light vehicle engineering skills at Muhammadiyah Kutowinangun Vocational School has gone very well in carrying out vehicle service and maintenance from inside and outside the school, the implementation of edupreneurship through the teaching factory makes a contribution to foster students' entrepreneurial spirit; (2) Factors driving the success of edupreneurship consist of: quality educational resources, adequate infrastructure both in quantity and quality, standard operational procedures according to industry standards, quality services, an established service marketing network, and students is to be directly involved in the work; (3) Inhibiting factors, namely the fluctuating number of customers, limited operational time, limited spare parts for all brands, and varying public perceptions of vocational school service results.
Recent Advances in Carbon Nanotube-Modified Polylactide
Authors: Qiang Tao , Jia Shibo
Published: August 2024

Polylactide (PLA) has been regarded as one of the most promising bio-based, environmentally-friendly polymers. The products derived from PLA will degrade into CO2 and H2 O ultimately after being wastes. To this extent, PLA is the really sustainable synthetic polymers, due to its nature-to-nature loop within life cycle. However, inherent brittleness, poor heat resistance, slow crystallization rate and high cost, have limited pure PLA and its composites’ potential applications. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) is one kinds of one-dimensional nano-materials with hollow structures composed of only hybrid sp2 C-C bonds. CNT is identified as the most preferred candidate for space elevators, due to its excellent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. CNT/PLA blends will exert synergistic effects of their individual component, bring breakthroughs in their structures and various properties, and open up potential application scenarios for the resultant composite materials. In this review, recent advances on fabrication methods, structure manipulation, property optimization and application scenarios of CNT/PLA composites were summarized. Especially, the effects of CNT content and pretreatment methods on the microstructures and properties of the resultant PLA composites were focused on in this review. Also, future prospective of CNT/PLA composite materials were addressed.
Multi-systemic melioidosis
Authors: Nagoba Basavraj S , Dhotre Shree V , Rayate Abhijit S , Mumbre Sachin S , Dhotre Pradnya S
Published: August 2024

This editorial is a commentary on the article by Ni et al, which was published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases . The article discusses the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of melioidosis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei . The case study highlights a rare instance of multisystemic melioidosis in a female patient who did not have a travel history, emphasizing the significance of recognizing this condition in non-endemic regions. Diagnostic complexities and therapeutic strategies are addressed, emphasizing the need for heightened clinical suspicion, comprehensive evaluation, and multidisciplinary collaboration. The editorial delves into the clinical presentation, diagnostic dilemmas, therapeutic approaches, and their implications for patient care in managing multi-systemic melioidosis.
Hidden army within: Harnessing the microbiome to improve cancer treatment outcomes
Authors: Messaritakis Ippokratis , Vougiouklakis Georgios , Koulouridi Asimina , Agouridis Aris P , Spernovasilis Nikolaos
Published: August 2024

The gut microbiome has emerged as a critical player in cancer pathogenesis and treatment response. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the gut microbial community, impacts tumor initiation, progression, and therapy outcomes. Specific bacterial species have been associated with either promoting or inhibiting tumor growth, offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention. The gut microbiome influences the efficacy and toxicity of conventional treatments and cutting-edge immunotherapies, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target in cancer care. However, translating microbiome research into clinical practice requires addressing challenges such as standardizing methodologies, validating microbial biomarkers, and ensuring ethical considerations. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the gut microbiome's role in cancer highlighting the need for ongoing research, collaboration, and innovation to harness its full potential for improving patient outcomes in oncology. The current editorial aims to explore these insights and emphasizes the need for standardized methodologies, validation of microbial biomarkers, and interdisciplinary collaboration to translate microbiome research into clinical applications. Furthermore, it underscores ethical considerations and regulatory challenges surrounding the use of microbiome-based therapies. Together, this article advocates for ongoing research, collaboration, and innovation to realize the full potential of microbiome-guided oncology in improving patient care and outcomes.
Recurrent multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis involving the female genitalia: A case report
Authors: Yuan Chun-Yan , Zhang Zhi-Rong , Guo Ming-Fang , Zhang Na
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a histiocytic proliferative disease caused by clonal proliferation of Langerhans cells, which is currently defined as an inflammatory myeloid tumor. It is rare in adults, with an incidence of 1–2 per million, and is highly heterogeneous in clinical presentation, with unpredictable disease progression and outcome.

CASE SUMMARY

A 52-year-old postmenopausal female patient presented to the gynecology department in July 2023 with bilateral vulvar masses. She was diagnosed with recurrent multisystem LCH. The patient had previously been diagnosed with a single-system and single-focal LCH in October 2021 due to a right maxillofacial mass, which resolved after surgical treatment. A chemotherapy regimen was developed after multidisciplinary consultation. Six cycles of chemotherapy resulted in partial remission, and maintenance chemotherapy is currently being administered.

CONCLUSION

Recurrent LCH involving the bilateral vulva has been poorly reported. Comprehensive imaging and pathological evaluation is important for diagnosis. The model of joint multidisciplinary specialist diagnosis and treatment is worthy of clinical application.