bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Сystatin C potential use in the diagnosis of various diseases
Authors: Glavnova Olga B , Yarmolinskaya Mariya I , Suslova Svetlana V , Borovik Natalya V
Published: October 2018

The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide. It leads to a high risk of cardiovascular disease, early disability and mortality. The severity of CKD is determined by the level of reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Modern formulas for calculating GFR based on serum creatinine give errors. The search for new informative methods of evaluation of GFR is an urgent task. A number of studies have shown the effectiveness of cystatin C determination in serum as a more sensitive indicator of GFR decline for early detection of renal pathology. The timely detection of diabetic nephropathy and the administration of nephroprotective and cardioprotective therapy is an important task in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. This review article discusses the possibility of using cystatin C as a marker of renal function decline, diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, and the development of preeclampsia. (For citation: Glavnova OB, Yarmolinskaya MI, Syslova SV, Borovik NV. Сystatin C potential use in the diagnosis of various diseases. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2018;67(4):40-47. doi: 10.17816/JOWD67440-47).
Endometrium and polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Yakovlev Pavel P , Kogan Igor Yu
Published: October 2018

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Patients with PCOS present with several endometrial abnormalities possibly explaining some of the adverse endometrium-related outcomes in these women. PCOS is inconsistently associated adverse pregnancy outcomes and an increased risk of endometrial cancer. The purpose of this review is to systematize the available data on endometrial dysfunction associated with PCOS. (For citation: Yakovlev PP, Kogan IYu. Endometrium and polycystic ovary syndrome. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2018;67(4):60-66. doi: 10.17816/JOWD67460-66).
Estimation of the risk factors in pregnant women and prediction of congenital fetal anomalies
Authors: Dzhamankulova F S , Musuraliev M S , Sorokin A A
Published: October 2018

Aim. To estimate the value of different maternal risk factors to develop a prognostic model for prevention of fetal congenital anomalies.

Methods. A prospective complex clinical and laboratory and functional examination of 629 pregnant women with fetal congenital anomalies and 206 pregnant women without fetal pathology was conducted with a comparative assessment of the medical and social risk factors for congenital defects. To build a predictive model for prevention of congenital anomalies, the logistic regression method was used.

Results. According to static analysis, significant medical and social risk factors for congenital anomalies are acute respiratory viral infection with fever in early gestational age (OR=20.0, 95 % CI: 2.756-145.7), the absence of prophylactic folic acid (OR=15.16, 95 % CI: 7.35-31.31), polyhydramnion (OR=14.2, 95 % CI: 4.453-45.18), oligohydramnion (OR=3.258, 95 % CI: 1.382-7.679), preeclampsia (OR=3.51, 95 % CI: 1.11-8.96) and maternal anemia (OR=4.75, 95 % CI: 2.51-8.99). As a result, we received the predictive model with high sensitivity equal to 0.924, specificity 0.655 and Sommers’ D 0.629. Nagelkerke’s R square of the model was 0.552 (moderate). This means that the model explains 55.2 % variation of the dependent variable.

Conclusion. The conducted study allowed identifying the predictors affecting the development of congenital fetal anomalies, and the developed predictive model for determining the probability of congenital fetal anomalies in the early antenatal period is characterized by high sensitivity and can be suggested for the use during the monitoring phase of the pregnant woman in the outpatient setting.
Ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of fetal macrosomia
Authors: Lebedeva M A , Gagaev Ch G
Published: October 2018

Ultrasound examination in obstetrics is a method of screening of pregnant women including identification of fetal macrosomia. Diagnosis of macrosomia is extremely important, along with other indications the conclusion about the presence of a large fetus may affect the tactics of giving birth. Gestational diabetes (GD) is a known clinical risk factor for fetal macrosomia and accounts for the majority of all types of diabetes observed during pregnancy. In women with GD fetal macrosomia is the main complication, which often together with others serves as an indication for a planned cesarean section in order to reduce potentially possible perinatal complications, as macrosomia of diabetic origin is characterized by disproportional distribution of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the fetus with predominant localization in the upper half of the trunk, which increases the probability of dystocia of the shoulders and damage to the brachial plexus. In perinatal morbidity and mortality the major proportion is presented by newborns weighing more than 4 kg but there is insufficient data in the literature on how prenatal ultrasound should be monitored in cases of suspected macrosomia in the fetus, especially in patients without diabetes. At the moment, to determine the estimated weight of the fetus, the formulas created more than 30 years ago are used and their accuracy is not always high. The difficulty is caused by the lack of data on the diagnostic accuracy of macrosomal markers. A search is being made for additional parameters capable of increasing the diagnostic value of ultrasound method for determining the estimated weight of the fetus.
The attitude of health workers to vaccination at the present stage
Authors: Lopushov D V , Trifonov V A , Imamov A A , Sabaeva F N , Shaykhrazieva H D , Fazulzynova I M
Published: October 2018

Aim. Evaluation of the awareness of health workers of vaccine prevention at the present stage.

Methods. To achieve the aim, survey of health workers of the Republic of Tatarstan was conducted using the developed questionnaire. The coverage of survey was 3 250 people. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using Microsoft Excel 2010 programs.

Results. The conducted study revealed that a significant proportion (95 %) of health workers were positive about vaccine prevention, were vaccinated themselves and vaccinated their children. The most prevalent forms of informing parents of vaccinated children about adverse reactions after vaccination are oral recommendations by the doctor and information sheets about adverse reactions. The majority of interviewed health workers (89.9 %) support the initiative to cancel the right of citizens to refuse vaccination. In the opinion of health workers, the main components of successful organization of vaccine prevention in the medical organization are availability and diversity of vaccines, the level of qualification of medical personnel, and equipment of the vaccination room. Less than half of health workers were trained in specialized training on immunoprevention. The majority of health workers (86.3 %) consider it necessary to expand the national schedule of preventive vaccinations of the Russian Federation.

Conclusion. Organizational measures to inform health workers in various areas of vaccine prevention are needed to be taken; promising directions are organizing specialized courses on immunoprevention and discussion of relevant aspects of immunization of the population and adverse reactions in post-vaccination period.
Quality of diagnosing acute poisoning by ambulance paramedics
Authors: Khalitov F Ya , Khisamutdinova A F
Published: October 2018

Aim. The assessment of quality of diagnosing acute poisoning by ambulance paramedics.

Methods. Retrospective analysis of the rate of diagnostic discrepancies and undifferentiated diagnoses in 1 242 patients delivered by ambulance paramedics of Kazan to the hospital with the diagnosis of acute poisoning.

Results. Referral diagnosis of acute poisoning among patients delivered by ambulance paramedics to the diagnostic department of the hospital was not confirmed in 792 cases, among which in 683 cases admission was not needed due to the absence of indications. Among refusals of hospitalization the majority of patients (70.8 %) were in the state of intoxication of various etiologies and healthy patients. In 8.5 % of cases of diagnostic discrepancies of acute poisoning paramedics delivered to the hospital patients with severe urgent somatic pathology - urosurgical, neurological, surgical, therapeutic, etc. The rate of diagnostic discrepancies in the group of alcohol, drug, undefined substances and mushroom intoxication was higher - 71.5 %, than in the group of medication and carbon monoxide intoxication - 39.7 %. In poisoning with impaired consciousness a direct dependence of the rate of diagnostic discrepancies on the rate of impaired consciousness was observed. The rate of undifferentiated diagnoses in the first group of poisoning was also higher - 82.3 %, than in the second group - 45. 8%, but no dependence on the impairment of consciousness was observed among patients.

Conclusion. High rate of diagnostic discrepancies (63.8 %) and undifferentiated diagnoses (71.1 %) are the consequence of lack of competence in medical toxicology among ambulance paramedics. In 98.2 % of cases, the probable etiological diagnosis of the disease, suspected as acute poisoning, in the study group of patients could be diagnosed using diagnostic methods available for paramedics.
Professor V.N. Shubin - a doctor, scientist, teacher. 120th birth anniversary
Authors: Dobrokvashin S V , Izmaylov G A , Izmaylov S G , Shubin V B , Izmaylov A G , Volkov D E
Published: October 2018

In the article devoted to the 120th birth anniversary of Professor V.N. Shubin, his life path from a student of the medical department to the head of the Department of General surgery of Kazan medical institute is presented. Vladimir Nikolaevich Shubin was awarded the order of Lenin, ten medals, the “excellent worker of public health of RSFSR” badge, certificates of honor. He is the author of over 100 scientific papers and 6 monographs. Under his supervision, 5 doctoral and 13 master's theses were executed. Two of his followers were in charge of surgical departments in Kazan (Professor N.P. Medvedev and Professor V.G. Morozov). From 1952 to 1968 Shubin V.N. was a vice-rector for scientific work at Kazan medical institute. On August 25, 2017, in a solemn atmosphere, the memorial plaque was installed on the facade of the “old clinic”. On the memorial plaque it is written “In this building from 1937 to 1971 worked an outstanding surgeon, scientist and public figure, Professor Shubin V.N.”. Scientific heritage of V.N. Shubin is our memory of Kazan school of surgeons. The study of life of V.N. Shubin is an incentive for all of us for thinking about modern medicine and surgery.
Análisis de la activación isométrica del glúteo medio y la musculatura intrínseca de la planta del pie en la prevención de lesiones en jugadores de baloncesto de élite: Estudio Piloto
Authors: Almazán Polo Jaime , Barrio Calvo Javier , Calvo Lobo Cesar , Romero Morales Carlos , Rodriguez Sanz David , Vazquez Gonzalez Sergio , Pérez Chicharro Aitor , Santa Cruz Ramos Eva
Published: October 2018

Introducción: El valgo dinámico de rodilla es uno de los principales factores de riesgo de lesión de deportes de impacto como el Baloncesto. Mejorar los sistemas de análisis de identificación de los factores de riesgo y los protocolos de prevención de lesiones se ha convertido en uno de los objetivos principales del fisioterapeuta deportivo, con el objetivo de disminuir el riesgo de lesión del deportista.Material y Métodos: Se analizó la distribución de las presiones plantares y los ángulos de alineación de los segmentos corporales en el plano frontal durante el Single-Leg-Squat Test en 10 sujetos deportistas de élite, con el objetivo de y observar la modificación a corto plazo  asociada a la activación isométrica del glúteo medio y la musculatura intrínseca de la planta del pie.Resultados: Variaciones significativas en el aumento de la presión plantar del primer metatarsiano se registraron tras la activación del glúteo medio y de la musculatura intrínseca del pie. No se obtuvieron resultados significativos en la modificación de los ángulos de alineación en el plano frontal.Conclusiones: Un aumento de la presión plantar de la cabeza del primer metatarsiano puede relacionarse con una mayor estabilidad del miembro, mediante la activación del glúteo medio y de la musculatura intrínseca del pie. Son necesarios estudios con muestras más amplias que correlacionen los datos obtenidos en una muestra más homogénea.
Efecto de las diferentes tecnologías del calzado deportivo de running en la actividad del tríceps sural durante la carrera. A propósito de un caso
Authors: Roca Dols Andrea , Sánchez-Gómez Ruben , Painceira Villar Roi
Published: October 2018

Objetivos: Se pretende valorar como varia la actividad muscular de la pierna de un corredor al utilizar diferentes zapatillas deportivas respecto a la condición descalza.Material y métodos: Se utiliza un tapiz rodante y un equipo de electromiografía de superficie para valorar el pico de máxima actividad muscular en las distintas fases de la carrera (final de la fase de vuelo, apoyo de talón, apoyo medio y despegue). El procedimiento empleado consistió en registrar una grabación de 1 min descalzo y con cada condición de calzado: cámara de aire, control de pronación, boost, minimalista y EVA (etil vinil acetato).Resultados: Los máximos picos de actividad muscular suceden en la fase de apoyo medio con la zapatilla boost en el gemelo externo (0,6410 mV) y en la fase de despegue con la de control de pronación en el gemelo interno (0,7322 mV) y en el soleo (1,0905 mV).Conclusiones: La zapatilla boost aumenta la actividad muscular del gemelo externo en todas las fases de la marcha. La zapatilla con control de pronación disminuye la actividad muscular del tríceps sural en la fase de apoyo medio.
Fiabilidad del Y-Balance Test y Wight Bearing Lunge Test para la evolución clínico-funcional de la fascitis plantar
Authors: García Vidal José Antonio , Sánchez Martínez María Piedad , Baño Alcaraz Aitor , Piñero Palazón José Gregorio , Martín San Agustín Rodrigo
Published: October 2018

Objetivos: Los objetivos de nuestro estudio han sido determinar en pacientes con FP unilateral la fiabilidad intraobservador del instrumento Y- Balance Test (YBT) y la prueba Wight Bearing Lunge Test (WBLT) medida con el inclinómetro de un telefono movil inteligente.Métodos: Estudio transversal y observacional, realizado con 16 pacientes (9 mujeres y 7 hombres).Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos revelan una excelente fiabilidad relativa intraobservador. El YBT mostró un CCI de 0’946; mientras que las medidas con inclinómetro obtuvieron un CCI de 0’992. En el YBT se apreció una asociación de variables estadísticamente significativa en la dirección posteromedial (p=0’004) y en el resultado general (p=0’017), al comparar el miembro inferior afecto y el sano. Los valores de flexión dorsal en carga con flexión de rodilla se encuentran dentro de los valores normales, sin una asimetría significativa del miembro afecto y el sano.Conclusiones: El Y-Balance Test y la prueba Wight Bearing Lunge Test medida con inclinómetro de teléfono movil inteligente son dos pruebas fiables en pacientes con FP.
Antimicrobial sensitivity in urinary tract obstruction due to calculus: a study of 50 cases
Authors: Tandel Prabhubhai R. , Patel Himanshu R. , Patel Kiran U.
Published: October 2018

Background: The urinary tract obstruction occurs due to several causes. one of the most important cause of obstruction is urinary calculus. urinary calculi are the third most common affliction of the urinary tract exceeded only by urinary tract infection and pathology of prostate. Improvement of the medical facility and increased health consciousness has resulted in more patients presenting with early urinary tract obstruction due stone.Methods: This is prospective study. It was conducted from July 2017 to August 2018 at GMERS medical college Valsad. A Study of 50 cases was carried out, after thorough clinical examination and necessary investigations, patients were subjected to x ray KUB, ultrasonography, intravenous pyelography. The samples were cultured & Antimicrobial sensitivity determined.Results: Escherichia coli is the commonest urinary pathogen causing 60 -90 % of infection, but in this study 72% of patient came infected with Escherichia coli 16% came infected with Klebsiella. Infection of anterior urinary tract (Urethritis) is mainly caused by N. Gonrrhoeae, staphylococci and chlamydia. Gentamicin is found to be most effective drug (78% sensitivity) in present series this is followed by Gatifloxacin (60% sensitivity), Septran (36% sensitivity) & Cefotaxime (34% sensitivity).Conclusions: It is concluded that most of the urinary tract infections in human are caused by Escherichia coli with more sensitivity to Gentamicin.
Timing of presentation and correlation with computed tomography in pediatric patients with minor head trauma
Authors: Jayapal Karthick , Mansour Hassan Adnan
Published: October 2018

Background: The presentation of minor head trauma warrants immediate and accurate diagnosis for early clinical management among children. Computed Tomography is the gold standard tool for the diagnosis of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) among the children. The timing of presentation may have a significant role in predicting the incidence of TBI. This study was done to compare the CT findings among children who presented within and after 24 hours with minor head trauma.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 992 children between 2-15 years reporting with a history of head injury. All the participants were clinically examined, and relevant history of type of injury and timing of presentation was recorded. CT scan was taken as per PECARN criteria. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS ver 15 software.Results: Majority of the participants belonged to 6-10 years of age (45.2%) and were males (58.5%). About 81.7% of the participants presented within 24 hours. The overall prevalence of TBI among the study participants was 58.6% [55.5-61.6].It was observed that hematoma predominantly presented after 24 hours (74.2%) and majority of the falls presented after 24 hours (92.8%).Patients who presented after 24 hours were at increased risk of presenting as TBI (67.03%) compared to those presenting within 24 hours (56.8%;p<0.05).Conclusions: This study has emphasized the need for including the timing of presentation as a key factor for facilitating early diagnosis and rapid case management of pediatric head trauma.
Gastroenteritis in adults
Authors: Al Jassas Burair , Khayat Marwan , Alzahrani Hussin , Asali Aghareed , Alsohaimi Salem , ALHarbi Hesham , AlQadi Mouad , AlQassim Mohammed , Mutahar Afraa , Mahbub Mamdouh
Published: October 2018

Gastroenteritis is the inflammation of intestines and stomach which presents with vomiting, fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea. It could be persistent, acute, or chronic, and can also be classified as infectious or non-infectious. Despite improvement in management, the mortality can reach up to 17,000. In this study, our aim was to understand the various etiologies that cause gastroenteritis in adults, and also discuss methods of management. We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE from January 1994 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: acute gastroenteritis, diarrheal disease, viral gastroenteritis, bacterial gastroenteritis, diagnoses of gastroenteritis. Each year, more than 350 million cases of acute gastroenteritis occur in the United States only. The largest portion of gastroenteritis cases is due to viral infections. Therefore, the empiric use of antibiotics is usually not recommended. However, in selected patients, empiric antibiotics therapy is indicated and is associated with significant improvement and decrease in mortality. The primary goal of management of gastroenteritis is treating dehydration.
A comparative study of low multidirectional locked nailing and locking compression plating in management of distal tibia fractures
Authors: Pinnaka Balakrishna , S. Shankarlinga , Kamath K. Ramachandra , Danda Rajashekar , Raju M. Girish
Published: October 2018

Background: Ideal management for distal tibial meta-diaphyseal fracture remains controversial, due to lack of adequate evidences about implants and multiple treatment modalities. Most commonly these fractures were dealt with either locking compression plate (LCP) or by multi directional intra-medullary nail (IMIL). Aim is to compare these two implants, to understand the mechanism and find out the ideal implant for the management of distal tibia fractures.

Methods: This study is prospective and comparative done at the associated hospitals of KMC Mangalore, spanning a period of around 2 years (October 2014 to July 2016). All patients presented with distal tibial meta-diaphyseal fractures were included in the study. Patients were treated with either low multi directional IMIL nail or by LCP and followed up for a minimum period of 6 months. Outcome measures included Olerud Molander Ankle Score (OMAS), wound issues, union of the fracture and patient mobility.

Results: 50 consecutive patients (mean age 40 years) were included in the study, divided equally into 2 groups. Group-A treated with multi directional IMIL nail and group-B with MIPPO plating. Mean functional OMAS score for nailing is 91 and for plating is 88. All fractures treated with nailing united within 6 months and 4% patient treated by plating goes mal union and 4% infected.

Conclusions: For distal tibial fracture management, intra-medullary nailing proved reliable surgical option with regards to the OMAS score, fracture union and less infection rates.
Aborto, sororidad y autonomía de los cuerpos: diálogo con la diputada nacional Mónica Macha
Authors: Barrancos Dora , Rosemberg Patricia
Published: October 2018

Días después de la aprobación en la cámara de diputados del proyecto de ley de Interrupción Voluntaria del Embarazo, Salud Colectiva convocó a Dora Barrancos y Patricia Rosemberg para dialogar con la diputada nacional Mónica Macha sobre los sucesos previos a la media sanción del proyecto. En la charla surgieron otras temáticas, que inundaron las calles de todo el país durante todo el año. Las tres recuperan la militancia y la sororidad dentro y fuera del recinto, el protagonismo de la juventud, “la revolución de las hijas”, la discusión sobre la autonomía de los cuerpos, el rol de los médicos y cómo todo esto devino en un cambio cultural del que ya no hay vuelta atrás. Esta charla relata un momento histórico, en palabras de algunas de sus protagonistas.
¿Salud sexual y salud reproductiva sin libertad?: El conflicto por el aborto en Argentina
Authors: Levín Silvia
Published: October 2018

El movimiento feminista instaló el conflicto político por el derecho al aborto en 2018 y con él se propone consolidar una transformación en la sustancia de la democracia,–despenalización y legalización– y no solo en su praxis. En este contexto, este artículo se propone describir y valorar el conflicto en democracia sobre la base de las razones y fundamentos del contenido de la disputa, a favor y en contra del aborto, y reseñar las principales disposiciones constitucionales y convencionales que, al regular el aborto, echan luz acerca del universo normativo, del “deber ser”, en el que se inscribe como derecho humano. Por último, intentamos explicar cómo se construyó e instrumentó el control político de la soberanía de los cuerpos en un sistema patriarcal, con la legitimidad suficiente y con el poder necesario para perdurar durante siglos. Si bien no existen obstáculos jurídicos para la despenalización y la legalización del aborto, ¿por qué los intereses de libertad de las mujeres no están plenamente habilitados en todos sus derechos, entre ellos, en los derechos sociales de salud? o ¿qué otros intereses, que no sean los propios, representan esa libertad?
Las jóvenes: entre la “marea verde” y la decisión de abortar
Authors: Elizalde Silvia , Mateo Natacha
Published: October 2018

Este trabajo analiza las características, argumentos y condiciones de posibilidad que presentan los activismos de género, desplegados en los últimos años por las mujeres jóvenes en Argentina, con especial atención en la marca generacional que imprimen a las demandas y luchas colectivas por el aborto legal, seguro y gratuito. Se reconstruyen algunas de las circunstancias sociales y personales que están en la base de la motivación o decisión de un conjunto de chicas a abortar con misoprostol, con el propósito de explorar, en concreto, las redes de apoyo y la información que circula entre esas jóvenes con relación a la práctica de aborto medicamentoso, en tiempos en los que el acceso a este derecho no ha podido ser aún consagrado legalmente en el país. Nos interesa poner en diálogo esas realidades con el contexto más amplio del protagonismo juvenil femenino en estos reclamos, condensado en la expresión “marea verde” y en la idea de una “batalla cultural” socialmente ya ganada.
Escenas claves de la lucha por el derecho al aborto en Argentina
Authors: Tarducci Mónica
Published: October 2018

La enorme movilización por el derecho al aborto legal, que se produjo en 2018 en Argentina, es la coronación de una lucha de muchos años que tuvo sus hitos, como todo movimiento emancipatorio y también sus marchas y contramarchas, pero nunca fue abandonada. En este artículo recorremos algunas de las acciones que jalonaron esa historia, que comienza con las pioneras de los años setenta, para continuar con las luchas después de la recuperación de la democracia, con la Comisión por el Derecho al Aborto; luego con las experiencias de Mujeres Autoconvocadas por el Derecho a Decidir, y la Asamblea por el Derecho al Aborto, hasta llegar a la actual Campaña por el Derecho al Aborto Legal, Seguro y Gratuito, que logró en 2018, que el proyecto de ley que despenaliza y legaliza el aborto llegara al Congreso de la Nación.
Rational Methods of Concentration of Small, Thin, Finely Dispersed and Colloidal Gold of Technogenic Waste Deposits Will Ryveem
Authors: Karmazin V.V. , Krylov I.O. , Sysa P.A. , Frolov M.A.
Published: October 2018

The potential of the ore-bearing territory and the dumps of the former mine placed on it are estimated from the point of view of application of new technological solutions that will allow to process the man-made rock mass profitably. The nature of the distribution of gold by size classes is established, which can significantly reduce the volume of processed rock mass. Theoretical substantiation of acceleration of natural segregation with application of low-frequency sound influence is given. The segregation-diffusion concentration of gold is proposed, which allows in the future to create an energy-efficient technology of recovery from man-made waste and apply it to the processing of gold deposits still in the depths.
Recovery of Sulfur-Alkaline Waste by Processing into Cellular Silicate Material
Authors: Vaisman Ya I. , Glushankova I.S. , Ketov Yu.A. , Rudakova L.V. , Krasnovskikh M.P.
Published: October 2018

The formation of cellular silicate glasses from sulfide-alkaline solutions and amorphous silicon oxide has been studied. The mechanism of formation of silicates from sodium hydroxide and amorphous silicon oxide and processes of gasification with the participation of the organic component of waste are considered. Technological solutions for recovery of sulfide-alkaline solutions are proposed. At the same time, the process of recovery consists in mixing sulfuralkaline waste with natural amorphous silicon oxide, tripoli, and further roasting the resulting composition at glass formation temperatures. As a result of heat treatment, sulfur from organosulfur compounds is oxidized to sulfur (IV), and sodium hydroxide, after dehydration, enters in composition of the resulting vitreous silicate cellular material.
Microbiological Assessment of the Level of Potting Soil Contamination in Urban Areas of Metal Cutting Oils
Authors: Sakaeva E.H. , Rudakova L.V. , Shchuklinа L.M.
Published: October 2018

The results of experimental studies on the effect of metal-cutting oils (MCO) on potting soil microbiocenosis are presented. Comparative characteristics of microbiocenosis of contaminated soils with microbiocenosis of urban soils and sod-podzolic soils were carried out. The effect of various concentrations of coolant on soil enzymes (dehydrogenase, catalase, urease) is shown, and the dependence of urease activity of soils on the concentration of coolant is revealed, and therefore, the parameter "activity of urease" is recommended as an indicator in assessing the level of soil contamination of the coolant.
The Methodology of Detection of Internal Infringers in the Information System
Authors: Zhukov K A
Published: October 2018

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Methods and Results of Radiation Tests of a Digital-to-Analog Converter LTC1257
Authors: Bakerenkov A S , Shaltaeva Y R , Rodin A S , Glukhov N S , Felitsyn V A
Published: October 2018

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The Concept of a Research Reactor of Small Power for Isotope Processing
Authors: Karazhielievskaia Yu E , Levchenko Y V , Zevyakin A S , Terekhova A M , Lazarenko D G , Lazarenko G E
Published: October 2018

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Comparative Analysis of the Dynamical Spectra of a Polarization of an Active Medium and an Electromagnetic Field in the Superradiant Heterolasers
Authors: Kocharovsky Vl V , Gavrilov A S , Kocharovskaya E R , Mishin A V , Ryabinin I S , Seleznev A F , Kocharovsky V V
Published: October 2018

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Personnel Training for High-tech Industries: The Experience of MEPhI Base Department ‘Semiconductor Quantum Electronics’
Authors: Krokhin O N , Zavestovskaya I N , Fronya A A , Mikaelyan G T
Published: October 2018

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Fiber Optic Devices for Endobiliary Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Lipey N A , Linkov K G , Yakovlev D V , Volkov V V , Loschenov V B
Published: October 2018

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Measurement of Low Concentrations of Hydrogen in Oxygen By Using Sensors Based on MIS-structures
Authors: Litvinov A V , Etrekova M O
Published: October 2018

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Study of Microrelief Influence on Optical Output Coefficient of GaN-based LED
Authors: Danilina T I , Chistoyedova I A , Popov A A
Published: October 2018

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Identification of Links Between Points By Series of Images
Authors: Kukin N S , Korchevaya I O
Published: October 2018

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Sensor Explosive Concentrations of Hydrogen
Authors: Litvinov A V
Published: October 2018

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Obtaining and Structural Characterization of M-type Hexaferrites Doped with Two Cations in the Fe3+ Sites
Authors: Marino P A , Lapshinsky V A , Pupo C , Matilla J , Vega A
Published: October 2018

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MEMS Sensors to Assess Pain Sensitivity of Human
Authors: Podorin A A , Shakhnov V A
Published: October 2018

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Formation of Structured Graphite Layers for Hetero-epitaxial Graphene Synthesis
Authors: Sorokin I A
Published: October 2018

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Investigation of Solid Precipitate that Prevents Etching of Silicon in a Solution of Ethylenediamine and Pyrocatechol
Authors: Veselov D S , Voronov Y A , Shaltaeva Y R
Published: October 2018

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On the Refinement of the Algorithm for the Reconstruction of Missing ICMS-sensor Readings
Authors: Piskunova E Yu , Ramazanov R N , Zagrebaev A M
Published: October 2018

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PSA-stage Features of the Hybrid Membrane-sorption Oxygen Concentrator
Authors: Tishin A A , Gurkin V N , Kurchatov I M
Published: October 2018

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Scheduling in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Mahjoub A , Harrath Y
Published: October 2018

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Effect of Cross Wind Aerodynamic Force Variation on Stability of Vehicle Crossing Bridge Using a CFD Sliding Mesh Technique
Authors: Aman A H , Habib M S
Published: October 2018

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The Serological Findings of Parvo virus B19 and Neopterin Detection among Sickle cell Disease Patients and Blood Doners in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Hashim J A-S , Shahid M , Farid E
Published: October 2018

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Menopause Awareness, Symptoms Assessment and Menqol Among Bahrain Women
Authors: Gayathripriya N , Alasmar N , Omar M , Khalid Kout , Saleh H , Mohammed H , Rajeswari K , Sumathi G
Published: October 2018

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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus (MERS-CoV): Levels of Knowledge and Awareness in Bahrain
Authors: Shammah A , Budoor H , Suad M , . Alahmadi , Richard K , Maha S , Asokan G V
Published: October 2018

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Analysing Mathematical Abilities of High School Graduates
Authors: Al-Mutawah M A , Eid A , Thomas R , Mahmoud E Y , Fateel M J
Published: October 2018

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Arabic Mass Media and Women Gender Stereotype: Stability versus Change “The Dream of Women Empowerment”
Authors: Abdelmogeth A , Mossad H
Published: October 2018

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Influence of Cultural Factors on Pupil’s Transition from Primary to Secondary Schools in Laikipia West Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Mr. Peter Murage , J. Prof. Kanjogu , M. Dr. Ngunjiri,
Published: October 2018

From 2017, the government of Kenya aimed at attaining 100 percent transition rate of pupils from primary to secondary schools. In Laikipia West Sub-County whose primary schools are focused by the study, transition from primary to secondary schools averaged at 54.9% from 2008 to 2015. Cultural factors are highlighted in literature as to undermine transition of pupils from primary to secondary schools. The purpose of the study was to determine the extent to which cultural factors influence pupils’ transition from primary to secondary schools in Laikipia West Sub-county in Kenya. Using ex-post facto research design, data was collected using self-delivered questionnaire from a target population of 1064 respondents. The study was carried out on a randomly sampled population of 411 respondents, composed of 280 teachers and 131 PTA chairpersons in public primary schools in the area of study. Data was analyzed using simple regression at .05 alpha level. Findings from the study revealed that cultural factors were significantly influencing transition of pupils from primary to secondary schools (β= - .790) at 0.5 significance level. The study recommended that local leaders should organize for civic education in order to address the identified transition challenges so as to attain a 100% rate of progression to secondary schools.
Estimation of carbon stock in Bimbia Bonadikombo coastal community forest, south west region, Cameroon: an implication for climate change mitigation
Authors: Simon Longonje. N. , Mbua Roy , L. , Roger Etongwe
Published: October 2018

Forests are known to play an important role in regulating the global climate. Nowadays, especially in developing countries wide spread deforestation and forest degradation is continuing unknowingly ad deliberately. This study was conducted to estimate carbon stock in undisturbed research section (Dikolo Penisula) of Bimbia Bonadikombo Community Forest (BBCF). Three transects were created in the research plot and fifteen plots of 10m x10m were laid systematically along each transects, and five  sub plots of  1m x1m quadrats were  laid within 10m x10m i.e.  at the four corners and  middle.  Trees data (DBH≥2.5cm and Height) were measured in the 10x10m plots. Soil, litter herbs and grass data were collected in the 1x1 m plots.  The litters, herbs and grass (LHG) were weighed on the field and evenly mixed and dried at 650C, to determine dry biomass and percentage of carbon. Soil samples were collected at 30cm depth    (between 0-10, 10-20, 20-30 cm depths) and density cups was used to determine bulk density and percentage (%) of organic carbon concentration. Allometric equations was use to obtain trees biomass and carbon stock. The results revealed that the total carbon stock was 38.61 t·ha-1. The Soil organic carbon (SOC) was 33.9 t·ha-1 that is 87.8%, while the forest trees stored 2.91 t·ha-1 that is 7.5% of the total carbon.  LHGs biomass contributed only1.82t·ha-1 of carbon that is 4.7% of the total carbon stock. The result shows that BBCF is a reservoir of high carbon. To enhance sustainability of the forest potentiality, the carbon sequestration should be integrated with reduced emission from deforestation and degradation (REDD+) and clean development mechanism (CDM) carbon trading system of the Kyoto Protocol to get monetary benefit of CO2 mitigation.
Some Design Considerations For The 6.5 KV Igbt-based Half-bridge Dc/dc Converter
Authors: Vinnikov Dmitri
Published: October 2018

The 6.5 kV insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a new promising power device for high-voltage high-power applications. Due to its increased voltage blocking capability, the new HV IGBT can serve as a good replacement for GTO and IGCT thyristors in medium or medium-to-high power applications. One of its general application fields is railway traction. The paper discusses design and development considerations of the 50-kW auxiliary power supply (APS) to be used in 3.0 kV DC commuter trains. Focus is on the implementation of 6.5 kV IGBTs in the primary inverter of APS to improve power density, integrity and reliability of the whole system. For instance, analysis and simulation of main functional blocks of a converter for different operation points are described. General design considerations mainly concerning the inverter stage, power transformer and output rectifier are specified in the paper. Some design optimization possibilities are proposed.
Conversor Auxiliar Com Comutação Zvs Aplicado Ao Snubber De Undeland Regenerativo
Authors: Mezaroba Marcello , Sperb Jonathan Dômini
Published: October 2018

Este artigo apresenta o conversor Buck- Boost operando com comutação suave ZVS, utilizado para regeneração de energia do Snubber de Undeland modificado, aplicado a inversores trifásicos. Um estudo das etapas de operação, das formas de onda teóricas e do equacionamento básico é apresentado. É descrita uma metodologia de projeto para o conversor Buck-Boost operando nesta condição e é apresentado um exemplo de projeto usando esta metodologia. Resultados experimentais completam o trabalho.
Ensino Orientado Ao Projeto: Uma Experiência Para O Ensino De Eletrônica Nas Disciplinas De Laboratório De Eletrônica E Eletrônica De Potência
Authors: Donoso-Garcia P.F. , Cortizo P.C. , Morais L.M.F.
Published: October 2018

Este artigo descreve a experiência no ensino de Eletrônica nas disciplinas de Laboratório de Eletrônica e de Eletrônica de Potência no curso de Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG. Pretende-se mostrar como têm sido desenvolvidas estas disciplinas, considerando-se uma abordagem de proposta de trabalhos práticos, realizados por grupos de alunos, motivando a adquirir maiores e sólidos conhecimentos através da superação de desafios, ao invés da simples repetição de experimentos com parâmetros prédeterminados. Os resultados obtidos são: uma maior motivação e participação nas aulas, pesquisa dos conteúdos dos trabalhos em diversas fontes além dos livros didáticos, interação dos alunos pela procura de soluções.
Teaching Power Electronics From The Control Point Of View
Authors: De Oliveira José Carlos Rodrigues , Venkataramanan Giri
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a methodology to teach Power Electronics from the Control point of view, to be used in a laboratory course in the Undergraduate Program of Control and Automation Engineering at Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In this case, the ideal representation of the power switch is applied, not being necessary to take into consideration the switching ripple, but the averaged signals. In laboratory classes, a Microchip development module is used, permitting to study four non-isolated chopper configurations. The program covers static experimental observation and measuring, chopper modeling by equivalent averaged circuit, open-loop static calculation and validation, linearization about an operating point and dynamic non-linear and linear simulations. Due to uncertainties in the model, a suitable analog PI controller is designed and implemented from a black-box chopper model, giving a good performance to the converter under closed-loop operation. The “Motivation-by-Challenge” methodology is applied in the Power Electronics laboratory, permitting an effective participation of the students in the learning process: the closed-loop control problem of a chopper is proposed as a challenge, only finishing when a good solution is found.
Modeling And Control Of Switched Reluctance Motor Drives Based On Setpoint Relay
Authors: dos Reis Laurinda L.N. , Coelho A.A.R. , Almeida O.M. , Almeida R.N.C.
Published: October 2018

This paper considers a novel ap- proach to the accurate on-line modeling of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) drive. More- over, the implementation of a simple autotun- ing technique for SRM current control based on PWM controllers using modi¯ed Ziegler-Nichols tuning method is also introduced. The proposed method is an extension of the relay feedback con- trol. It uses a setpoint relay framework to extract relevant on-line information about the process dy- namics. The proposed PWM controller has been simulated and a hardware prototype was then im- plemented with digital signal processor control to evaluate the method using a 12=8, 3-phase SRM. The experimental results of the drive model vali- date the introduced current control method.
Reduced Switch Count Converter For Switched Reluctance Generators
Authors: Fleury A. V. S. , Silva F. S. , De Araújo W. R. H. , De Andrade D. A. , da Silveira A. W. F. V
Published: October 2018

This paper deals with electronic converters to drive the switched reluctance generator – SRG. An alternative reduced switch count converter is compared with the conventional asymmetric half bridge converter. The SRG is driven with constant speed and excited with DC power from a three-phase rectifier bridge and supplies pulsed DC power to the load at the output. Mathematical and computing models for the SRG are presented, as well as simulation and experimental results. The aim is to show that the alternative converter, which is cheaper, works better than the half bridge converter commonly used to drive these machines.
Angiotensin II and the Natriuretic and Blood Pressure Response to Mental Stress in African Americans
Authors: Harshfield Gregory A. , Hanevold Coral D. , Jasti Allison , Ghosh Santu , Pollock Jennifer , Pollock David , Treiber Frank A. , Dong Yanbin , George Varghese
Published: October 2018

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that An­giotensin II (Ang II) is a contributing factor to the response pattern in African Americans (AAs) who retain rather than excrete sodium during mental stress.Design/Study Participants: Double-blind, randomized, cross-over trial of 87 healthy AAs aged 18 to 50 years.Interventions: The study participants received either a placebo or irbesartan, (150 mg PO), an Ang II receptor antagonist, for seven days prior to stress testing. Urinary sodium excretion (UNaV) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were collected prior to and throughout a mental stress protocol (rest and stress period).Setting: A southeastern university.Main Outcome Measures: Ang II, SBP, and sodium retention.Results: During the placebo condition, 62 participants showed the expected increase in UNaV (excreters) while 25 participants reduced UNaV during stress (retainers). Irbesartan retainers demonstrated a reversal in the direction of their natriuretic response, now increasing UNaV in response to stress (Δ UNaV of -.094 mmol/min with placebo vs .052 mmol/min on irbesartan; P<.001). In excreters, irbesartan reduced SBP levels during both rest (-2.36 mm Hg; P=.03) and stress (-4.59;P<.0001), and an even more pronounced reduction in SBP was dem­onstrated by retainers on treatment during both rest (-4.29 mm Hg; P=.03) and stress (-6.12; P<.001).Conclusions: Ang II contributes to sodium retention in retainers. Furthermore, our findings indicate that suppression of Ang II has a beneficial effect on SBP during rest and stress in this population.Ethn Dis. 2018;28(4):511-516; doi:10.18865/ed.28.4.511.
Review: Partner Support and Physical Activity among Mexican American Women
Authors: Congello Neomie C. , Koniak-Griffin Deborah
Published: October 2018

Objective: Global recommendations on physical activity for noncommunicable disease prevention can be promoted using partner support strategies among women of Mexican descent and other ethnicities.Design/Methods: This systematic review utilized a multifaceted ecological approach by focusing comprehensively on communi­ty, individual, and social factors influencing physical activity. PubMed, SAGE Publica­tions, EBSCO, ResearchGate, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar search engines were used to find research on physical activity, with inclusion criteria of Mexi­can American women, aged ≥ 18 years, comprising at least 50% of study population sizes.Main Outcome Measures: An initial search of 232 articles with subsequent searches from reference lists led to selection of a mixture of qualitative (3), mixed methods (3), and intervention (1) studies report­ing partner support for physical activity as perceived by women.Results: Primarily, studies have conceptual­ized physical activity as leisure time activi­ties. Few studies have considered multiple ecological factors in examining influences of physical activity among women. Important­ly, how women perceive support for physi­cal activity received from partners has been shown to influence their levels of activity.Conclusions: Conceptualization of physi­cal activity restricted only to leisure time eliminates other domains that a broader definition of the term encompasses. Future studies are needed to investigate partner support influences on the overall physical activity of Mexican American women within a larger ecological context. Careful attention to partner support for physical activity en­gagement can help ameliorate and prevent chronic diseases both nationally and around the world. Ethn Dis. 2018;28(4):555-560;doi:10.18865/ed.28.4.555.
Training and Mentoring the Next Generation: Insights from the Field
Authors: Cooper Lisa A.
Published: October 2018

During August 30-31, 2017, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Center for Translation Research and Implementa­tion Science (CTRIS) hosted a two-day workshop with thought leaders and experts in the fields of implementation science, pre­vention science, health inequities research, and training and research workforce devel­opment. The workshop addressed critical challenges and compelling questions from the NHLBI Strategic Vision, as well as the Department of Health and Human Services’ Action Plan to Reduce Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. Participants discussed: best practices for designing and executing implementation research training programs; approaches to increase participation in implementation research to address health inequities; innovative training methods and models, including team science approaches; and best practices for developing and sustaining a cadre of mentors for individuals who conduct implementation research.As part of this workshop, the Saunders-Wat­kins Memorial Lecture, named posthumous­ly for Dr. Elijah Saunders, a Baltimore car­diologist, and Dr. Levi Watkins, a Baltimore cardiothoracic surgeon, was established. Both men dedicated their lives to patient care, teaching, research, and community service. The lecture honors them for their pioneering efforts to advance health equity for medically underserved communities in the United States and around the globe, at a time when it was neither popular nor safe to do so. The lecture is also designed to stimulate a future generation of research­ers committed to advancing health equity research and the elimination of health iniq­uities. The inaugural lecture was delivered by Lisa A. Cooper, MD, MPH, Bloomberg Distinguished Professor and James F. Fries Professor of Medicine at Johns Hopkins Uni­versity, and inaugural recipient of the Ameri­can Heart Association’s Watkins-Saunders Award, which recognizes excellence in clini­cal, medical, and community work focused on diminishing health care disparities in Maryland. This article captures the essence of that lecture. Ethn Dis. 2018;28(4):579-585; doi:10.18865/ed.28.4.579.