bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fostering Digital Inclusion in TVET Teacher Training: Insights from Quadruple Helix Innovation Model
Authors: Legg-Jack Dagogo William , Ndebele Clever
Published: November 2022

The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT, hereafter) has permeated almost every facet of human endeavours. In recent times, the world has seen the massive deployment of diverse technologies to facilitate work processes, and this is the thriving strength of the fourth industrial revolution (4IR). Besides, the recent outbreak of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic exacerbated the situation, as this has led to the discovery of some new technologies in the delivery of goods and services across all sectors, with education as a major beneficiary. However, some educational institutions, Technical and Vocational Education and Training Colleges (TVET, hereafter) inclusive, especially in developing countries remained closed during the lockdown period due to lack of capacity and infrastructure. Hence, this paper taps into the affordances of the multi-stakeholder collaborations framework of the Quadruple Helix Innovation Model to review published articles, policy documents and conference papers among others on possible ways to foster digital inclusion in TVET. Highlights from the review point to the following benefits of multi-stakeholder partnerships namely, collaborative designing and creation of digital policy, access to digital resources and infrastructure, and increased affordability and sustainability of digital inclusion of training programmes. Thus, it was concluded that these highlighted benefits resulting from such collaboration can be translated into the planning and implementation of digital inclusion in TVET.

Keywords: Digital inclusion; Quadruple Helix Innovation Model; Teacher Training; TVET
Sesgo en las Notas de Enseñanza Media (NEM): propuestas para perfeccionar los instrumentos de selección a la educación superior
Authors: Eyzaguirre Sylvia , Gazmuri Javiera , Parra Giorgiogiulio
Published: November 2022

Los instrumentos de selección para el acceso a la educación superior, los llamados ‘puntaje NEM’ y ‘puntaje ranking’, presentan sesgos socioeconómicos que benefician a los estudiantes de establecimientos particulares pagados. En este artículo se proponen instrumentos alternativos que corrigen este sesgo. Con estos instrumentos, si las condiciones se mantienen ceteris paribus, los estudiantes de establecimientos municipales de mejor rendimiento relativo aumentan sus puntajes NEM, en promedio, más de 100 puntos. Gracias a la colaboración del Departamento de Evaluación, Medición y Registro Educacional se realizaron diversas simulaciones de las asignaciones a programas universitarios en el proceso de admisión 2019. Los resultados exhiben que la incorporación de nuevos instrumentos de selección podría beneficiar a estudiantes provenientes de establecimientos con financiamiento fiscal, en desmedro de estudiantes de colegios particulares pagados. El beneficio para estos estudiantes se vería traducido en el aumento de la proporción asignada a su primera preferencia, del porcentaje que mejora la preferencia a la cual fue asignado y de la proporción de estudiantes asignados a programas y universidades más selectivas. Además, la disminución en las brechas de matrícula por nivel socioeconómico parecería no tener un alto costo en términos de predictibilidad en el éxito universitario. Los resultados de este trabajo enfatizan la importancia del buen diseño y de la constante evaluación de los instrumentos utilizados para acceder a la educación superior. En este caso, el reemplazo de instrumentos con sesgos socioeconómicos por instrumentos que no contengan o reduzcan los sesgos injustificados puede tener un efecto significativo en la vida de los estudiantes más vulnerables.
8 de agosto de 1828. Un día histórico como cualquiera, de Rafael Sagredo
Authors: Sierra Lucas
Published: November 2022

Reseña del libro 8 de agosto de 1828. Un día histórico como cualquiera, de Rafael Sagredo. Santiago: Orjikh Editores, 2022. 135 pp.
Discovery of a Binary-origin Classical Cepheid in a Binary System with a 59 day Orbital Period*

†
Authors: Pilecki Bogumił , Thompson Ian B. , Espinoza-Arancibia Felipe , Anderson Richard I. , Gieren Wolfgang , Narloch Weronika , Minniti Javier , Pietrzyński Grzegorz , Taormina Mónica , Bono Giuseppe , Hajdu Gergely
Published: November 2022

We report the discovery of a surprising binary configuration of the double-mode Cepheid OGLE-LMC-CEP-1347 pulsating in the first (P
1 = 0.690 days) and second-overtone (P
2 = 0.556 days) modes. The orbital period (P
orb = 59 days) of the system is five times shorter than the shortest known to date (310 days) for a binary Cepheid. The Cepheid itself is also the shortest-period one ever found in a binary system and the first double-mode Cepheid in a spectroscopically double-lined binary. OGLE-LMC-CEP-1347 is most probably on its first crossing through the instability strip, as inferred from both its short period and fast period increase, consistent with evolutionary models, and from the short orbital period (not expected for binary Cepheids whose components have passed through the red giant phase). Our evolutionary analysis yielded a first-crossing Cepheid with a mass in a range of 2.9–3.4 M
⊙ (lower than any measured Cepheid mass), consistent with observations. The companion is a stable star, at least two times fainter and less massive than the Cepheid (preliminary mass ratio q = 0.55), while also redder and thus at the subgiant or more advanced evolutionary stage. To match these characteristics, the Cepheid has to be a product of binary interaction, most likely a merger of two less massive stars, which makes it the second known classical Cepheid of binary origin. Moreover, further evolution of the components may lead to another binary interaction.
Large Ion-neutral Drift Velocities and Plasma Heating in Partially Ionized Coronal Rain Blobs
Authors: Martínez-Gómez David , Oliver Ramón , Khomenko Elena , Collados Manuel
Published: November 2022

In this paper we present a numerical study of the dynamics of partially ionized coronal rain blobs. We use a two-fluid model to perform a high-resolution 2D simulation that takes into account the collisional interaction between the charged and neutral particles contained in the plasma. We follow the evolution of a cold plasma condensation as it falls through an isothermal vertically stratified atmosphere that represents the much hotter and lighter solar corona. We study the consequences of the different degrees of collisional coupling that are present in the system. On the one hand, we find that at the dense core of the blob there is a very strong coupling and the charged and neutral components of the plasma behave as a single fluid, with negligible drift velocities (of a few cm s−1). On the other hand, at the edges of the blob the coupling is much weaker and larger drift velocities (of the order of 1 km s−1) appear. In addition, frictional heating causes large increases of temperature at the transition layers between the blob and the corona. For the first time we show that such large drift velocities and temperature enhancements can develop as a consequence of ion-neutral decoupling associated to coronal rain dynamics. This can lead to enhanced emission coming from the plasma at the coronal rain-corona boundary, which possesses transition region temperature.
Ultramassive Black Holes Formed by Triple Quasar Mergers at z ∼ 2
Authors: Ni Yueying , Di Matteo Tiziana , Chen Nianyi , Croft Rupert , Bird Simeon
Published: November 2022

The origin of rare and elusive ultramassive black holes (UMBH; with M
BH > 1010
M
⊙) is an open question. Using the large volume cosmological hydrodynamic simulation ASTRID, we report on the formation of an extremely massive UMBH with M
BH ∼ 1011
M
⊙ at z ∼ 2. The UMBH is assembled as a result of two successive mergers of massive galaxies each with stellar mass M
* > 3 × 1011
M
⊙ that also produces a bright, rare triple quasar system powered by three ∼109
M
⊙ black holes. The second merger of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) follows the first after 150 Myr. The merger events lead to sustained Eddington accretion onto the central SMBH, forming a UMBH in the center of a massive compact stellar core with M
* > 2 × 1012
M
⊙. The strong feedback of the UMBH quenches the surrounding star formation to <10 M
⊙ yr−1 in the inner 50 h
−1 kpc region. There are two more UMBHs with M
BH > 5 × 1010
M
⊙ at z > 2 in ASTRID that are also produced by major mergers of galaxies, and their progenitors can be observed as quasar triplets of lower luminosity. The rarely observed quasar multiples can be the cradle of UMBHs at high redshift, and likely end up in the center of the most massive clusters.
CME-related Large Decreases in the Differential Phase Delay of Tianwen-1 DOR Signals
Authors: He Qingbao , Wang Zhichao , Liu Qinghui , Liu Kaijun , Guo Li
Published: November 2022

Differential phase delay is calculated for the differential one-way range (DOR) signals transmitted by Tianwen-1, the first Chinese Mars spacecraft that entered into the Mars orbit on 2021 February 10. Large decreases in the differential phase delay are identified in the DOR signals received by ground stations on 2021 March 23 and June 18. The decreases indicate sizable increases of the total electron content (TEC) along the DOR signal path between Tianwen-1 and the ground stations. The TEC increases are estimated to be 85 and 175 TEC units on 2021 March 23 and June 18, respectively. Evidence shows that they are caused by the sheath regions ahead of the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that traversed the signal path on both days. The results represent the first observations of CME-related structures by the DOR signals and demonstrate the potential of DOR signals in remote sensing the interplanetary plasma structures in the solar wind.
Corrigendum: García N, Cuevas C, Sepúlveda JE, Cádiz-Véliz A, Román MJ (2022) Two new species of Miersia and their phylogenetic placements alongside the recently described M. putaendensis (Gilliesieae, Allioideae, Amaryllidaceae). PhytoKeys 211: 107–124. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.211.87842
Authors: García Nicolás , Cuevas Claudia , Sepúlveda Joaquín E. , Cádiz-Véliz Arón , Román María José
Published: November 2022

According to Escobar (2012), there are two kinds of floral appendages around the staminal tube or urn in Miersia: 1) the upper pair of appendages are of staminal origin and 2) the four lateral appendages, one pair on each side of the staminal tube, are of tepaliferous origin. Consequently, mentions to “tepaliferous appendages” in diagnoses, descriptions, identification key and figure captions of our recent article (García et al. 2022) should be changed to “floral appendages”, to denote the mixed nature of those structures in most species of Miersia.
Neutron Research Resumes at the Research Reactor HANARO
Authors: PARK Sungil , HAN Young-Soo , SUN Gwang-Min
Published: November 2022

HANARO, the only large-scale multipurpose research reactor in Korea, houses the neutron research facility with a diverse set of scientific instrumentation. After a long hiatus marred by trips and the following lengthy shutdowns, HANARO is now back on track. With the addition of the cold neutron source, new cold-neutron instruments are available with the previously operating thermal-neutron beam lines, making the total available neutron scattering instruments to users 9. While there is a plan to add an in-beam Mossbauer instrument and a Positron-annihilation spectrometer in the future, the focus is on recovering the user base at the moment. Achieving stable operation in the currently not-so-favorable regulatory environment remains a big challenge for the research facility.
Jitter-free Ultrafast Electron Diffraction Technology
Authors: JEONG Young Uk , LEE Kitae , JANG Kyu-Ha , BAEK In Hyung , KIM Hyun Woo , OANG Key Young
Published: November 2022

We introduce on ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) technology that observes the movement of fast-moving atoms. Recently the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute has built the fastest electron diffraction facility in the world with the achievements of increasing beam brightness and improving temporal accuracy with jitter-free technology. We introduce the unique characteristics of the device with 90-degree-bending structure and conclude with the current status and prospects of the UED and its applications.
Examining the Role of Psychosocial Stressors in Hypertension
Authors: Marwaha Komal
Published: November 2022

Despite advances in medicine and preventive strategies, fewer than 1 in 5 people with hypertension have the problem under control. This could partly be due to gaps in fully elucidating the etiology of hypertension. Genetics and conventional lifestyle risk factors, such as the lack of exercise, unhealthy diet, excess salt intake, and alcohol consumption, do not fully explain the pathogenesis of hypertension. Thus, it is necessary to revisit other suggested risk factors that have not been paid due attention. One such factor is psychosocial stress. This paper explores the evidence for the association of psychosocial stressors with hypertension and shows that robust evidence supports the role of a chronic stressful environment at work or in marriage, low socioeconomic status, lack of social support, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, childhood psychological trauma, and racial discrimination in the development or progression of hypertension. Furthermore, the potential pathophysiological mechanisms that link psychosocial stress to hypertension are explained to address the ambiguity in this area and set the stage for further research.
Comparison of complete and spatial sampling frames for estimation of the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Joshua Vasna , Pattabi Kamaraj , Jeyaraman Yuvaraj , Kaur Prabhdeep , Bhatnagar Tarun , Arunachalam Suresh , Ramasamy Sabarinathan , Janagaraj Venkateshprabhu , Murhekar Manoj V
Published: November 2022

A complete sampling frame (CSF) is needed for the development of probability sampling structures; utilisation of a spatial sampling frame (SSF) was the objective of the present study. We used two sampling methods, simple random sampling (SRS) and stratified random sampling (STRS), to compare the prevalence estimates delivered by a CSF to that by a SSF when applied to self-reported hypertension and diabetes mellitus in a semi-urban setting and in a rural one. A CSF based on Geodatabase of all households and all individuals was available for our study that focused on adults aged 18-69 years in the two settings. A single digitized shapefile of solely household regions/structures as SSF was developed using Google Earth and employed for the study. The results from the two sampling frames were similar and not significantly different. All 95%CI calculations contained the prevalence rates of the two medical conditions except for one occasion based on STRS and CSF. The SRS based on CSF showed a minimum 95% CI width for diabetes mellitus, whereas SSF showed a minimum 95% CI width for hypertension. The coefficient of variation exceeded 10.0% on six occasions for CSF but only once for SSF, which was found to be as efficient as CSF.
A cross-sectional profile and outcome assessment of adult patients triaged away from Steve Biko Academic Hospital emergency unit
Authors: Engelbrecht Andreas , Du Toit F. G. , Geyser M. M.
Published: November 2022

Background: Overcrowding is a global problem in emergency medicine. This study examined an approach to this problem at a central hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was done to provide a cross-sectional profile of patients triaged away from the emergency unit (EU) and to evaluate their outcome by telephonic survey.Results: 549 patients were triaged away during the study period. There was no significant difference in the number of male and female patients in the sample. Female patients were significantly younger than males ( p = 0.0399). The most common complaint was abdominal pain followed by extremity complaints. Females complained more of abdominal pains (OR 1.87, 95% CI [1.13–3.12]; p 0.0094), and males had more extremity complaints (OR 2.42, 95% CI [1.45–4.09]; p  = 0.0003). Only 42 patients were available for telephonic follow-up; 66% of them received care on the same day at another treatment facility. No patients who were available for follow-up had died due to their presenting complaint or needed to be referred back.Conclusions: The typical patient triaged away was a 40-year-old female from the hospital’s referral area with abdominal pain. This study indicated that the method of triage may be safe to determine which patients can be diverted from a central hospital to a lower level of care. There were various limitations to this study; hence, the findings of this study should be interpreted with caution.
Beyond the Millennium Development Goals deadline: what next?
Authors: Ogunbanjo Gboyega
Published: November 2022

No abstract available.
Production of indigenous mushrooms spawn using crop residues as substrates
Authors: Njeru P.W. , Wagara I.N. , Kariuki S.T. , Muchiri S.N.
Published: November 2022

Indigenous oyster mushrooms occur naturally when conditions are favourable. Achieving good quality spawn is a major challenge to small-scale farmers in Kenya, who strive to domesticate indigenous mushrooms. The use of wheat grain in mushroom growing industries for spawn production poses a threat to food security. The objective of this study was to evaluate crop residues as alternative substrates for indigenous mushrooms spawn production in Kenya. Different crop residues, including straws of wheat, barley and beans, maize cobs and sawdust were sterilised and tested for spawn production. Colonisation, pinning and mushroom yields were evaluated on bean and wheat straw substrates. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) in mycelia colonisation period when different spawn types were inoculated on bean and wheat straw substrates. Bean straw spawn had the shortest colonisation period (23 days) and was the best agricultural waste spawn. There was no significant difference (P<0.05) on pinning days and 2nd flush yields for the different types of spawn. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) between maize cob and wheat grain spawn in 1st flush yields. Bean straw spawn had a flush 1 yield of 125.2 g which, was not significant (P>0.05) compared to the wheat grain spawn (control) that gave a yield of 126.1 g. Results of this study indicate the suitability of various agricultural crop residues as alternative substrates for indigenous spawn production.
Genetic analysis of mode of inheritance of seed yield and its components in tropical soybean genotypes
Authors: Adetiloye I.S. , Ariyo O.J. , Alamu O. , Ajiboye T.O. , Osewa S.O.
Published: November 2022

The decision related to efficient breeding methods depends largely on the understanding of the type of gene action controlling the expression of the characters to be selected. The objective of this study was to estimate the gene action controlling yield and components in soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill). The study involved six basic soybean generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2) of two crosses, i.e. cross I (TGx1987-62F × TGx1830-20E) and cross II (TGx1987-10F × TGx1740-2F), at the Research farm of the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, IITA, Ibadan. Data were subjected to generation mean analysis to determine gene actions and interactions, using Hayman model. The results obtained from the individual scaling test A, B, C indicated that the simple additive-dominance model was inadequate to reveal the inheritance of the gene governing most traits. Non-allelic gene interaction was crucial in the inheritance of most studied traits. The Hayman six-parameter genetic model demonstrated that the signs of [h] and [l] were contrasting for most of the traits; suggesting duplicate epistasis. In fact, the effect of dominance was important and significant in the genetic control of most of the traits studied. Therefore, improvement of soybean seed yield and its related characters need intensive selection and should be delayed until later generations.
Scientism and the evolution of philosophies and ideologies of structural racism against Africans
Authors: George Kizito Michael
Published: November 2022

One of the fundamental fallacies of racism is the confusion between biological accidents such as: body, colour, environment, size, shape, and melanin with metaphysical essences like; soul, mind, and intellect. Personness for instance is an essential category that does not depend on the above accidental attributes. Since time immemorial, racism has been reinforced by deeply entrenched social structures. These structures are the offspring of both overt and covert racism. Structural racism is epitomised by ideologies that have been well disguised under facades of science. These ideologies include: Eugenics, Social Darwinism, Modernisation theory and Neo-liberalism. This paper critically analyses the religious, political, psychoanalytic, historical and economic construction of structural and institutional racism that reinforces honorary whiteness in the African social milieu. The paper argues that the purpose of racism is constructing Black and Brown people as entities in dire need of White Saviourism and White Paternalism. This consequently culminates into imperialism, neo-colonialism, subjugation and exploitation. The paper further contends that racism is crystalised through mental colonialism which rides on socially constructed racial binaries, dichotomies and hierarchies such as: White (righteous) and Black (evil), North (top) and South (bottom), West (Sun-rise) and (Sun-set), Aryan and Honorary Aryan, White and Honorary White.
A critique of Fela Anikulapo’s “Blackism” as a failed instance of the valorisation of blackness
Authors: Macaulay-Adeyelure Olawunmi C.
Published: November 2022

The aim of this essay is to show that instances of valorising blackness have turned out to be harmful to African peoples. Whereas there have been several movements such as Black Power Movement, Black Consciousness Movement as well as individuals such as Steve Biko, Aime Cesaire, Leopold Sedar Senghor, William DuBois, Edward Blyden, Fela Anikulapo Kuti, it is the case that none of these minds made the conscious effort to interrogate the literal and symbolic use of black for Africans. Consequently, this research limits its scope to Fela’s valorisation of blackness as enshrined in his blackism. Using the method of critical analysis, it argues that Fela’s “Blackism” takes the categorical and symbolic implications of blackness to an uncritical assimilation. The present study submits that until the ideological underpinning of the categorical and symbolic uses of blackness for Africans is engaged, all valorisation attempts will continue to yield meagre outputs. The first task is therefore to disclose the Eurocentric campaigns that mitigated the worth of the original or traditional people of Africa, south of the Sahara as well as the arrays of rejoinders which led to the valorisation of blackness. Afterward, Fela’s version of valorisation as encapsulated within the fold of his blackism will be disinterred. The rest of the paper shows not only that the valorisation agenda was a failed project but also that Fela’s “Blackism” is one of these failed projects.
Evaluation of referral letters to the antiretroviral therapy outpatient specialist clinic of the tertiary health facility in Ilorin, Nigeria.
Authors: Agede Olalekan A. , Ogunmodede James A.
Published: November 2022

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is a chronic medical condition that requires lifelong treatment. Specialist care is of importance in its management and referral process to a specialist is mostly initiated through a referral letter. The ability to design a good management plan during consultation depends on the quality of clinical information in the referral. This study was designed to assess the information provided in referral letters presented to Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) outpatient specialist clinic in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria

It was a retrospective study conducted between January and June 2022. All referral presented to ART clinic on clinic days were reviewed for information provided using a data capture form.

A total of 142 referrals were analyzed. The majority of the referral provided information on patient identifiers. Information on clinical parameters considered important for quality review and management were generally unsatisfactory. Less than a quarter of the referral provided information on laboratory investigations like cluster of differentiation 4 count. Majority (97.9%) of the referrals stated the reason for the referral but physical examination findings and medication history were only reported in 38.7% and 43% respectively.

Referral letters to ART clinic were deficient in the information needed for quality review. The deficiencies delayed patient management. Institution of measures to address the deficiencies will help to improve HIV care. The use of a structured referral form and training of doctors on the required information in a referral letter will also impact positively on HIV care.
Ocular Prosthesis: What you need to know and the current challenges in Nigeria
Authors: Monsudi K.F , Ayodapo A.O , Owoeye J.F.A
Published: November 2022

Ocular prosthesis (OP) is the replacement of natural eye by an artificial material following eye removal. OP is also called artificial eye; it gives no vision but improve the quality of life in an anophthalmic patient. OP is mainly used following ocular destructive surgery (evisceration, enucleation and exenteration.). Evisceration is the removal of intraocular content leaving scleral and optic nerve, while enucleation is the removal of the whole eye ball including the optic nerve. Exenteration is the removal of the whole eye including: optic nerve, eye adnexial and part of orbital bone. There are various challenges facing the usage of OP in Nigeria. There is a need to create awareness on the importance of ocular prosthesis, its use, types and production as well as the need to set up school of Ocularistry in Nigeria.
Sub-acute toxicity of hand sanitizer dermal exposure on albino rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Inno-Anaemeje P. N , Dike C. S , Babatunde B. B
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in unprecedented awareness and use of hand sanitizer among the populace than seen before. This study used dermal sub-acute toxicity to assess the effect of triclosan-containing hand sanitizer on Rattus norvegicus skin. The research was conducted due to the toxicological and biochemical claims on the effect of triclosan. The study was a 14-day sub-acute dermal toxicity test following the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guideline on animal testing with preferred test strategy by rubbing to emulate normal hand sanitizer use. The result revealed that triclosan-containing hand sanitizer induced no observable effect on the skin of rats, there was no induced liver dysfunctions, Oestrogen (E2) and Luteinizing hormone levels were normal as in the control. Based on the parameters studied, the hand sanitizers tested is considered safe on skin for consumer use in hand hygiene. It is recommended that more toxicological researches should be carried out on chronic exposures to hand sanitizers, to ensure safety of the populace in compliance with the Sustainable Development Goals
Assessment of some physical, chemical and biological parameters of Lake Dangana, Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Adamu K. M. , Mohammed Y. M. , Ibrahim U. F. , Abdullahi I. L , Jimoh Y. O
Published: November 2022

Ecological systems change over time due to anthropogenic and natural activities, regular monitoring is therefore necessary for identifying malignant changes and conservation of biodiversity. This study was undertaken to ascertain the health and biological diversity of Lake Dangana using both biotic and abiotic indicators. Samples for physico-chemical and biological analyses were collected monthly from four sampling stations in Lake Dangana from January to August, 2020 using standard methods. The results of physico-chemical variables were: temperature (23.5-26.5ºC), dissolved oxygen (3.96-4.13mg/l), biochemical oxygen demand (3.00-.12mg/l), pH (6.88-7.11), conductivity (86.43-94.80µS/cm), nitrate (0.67-0.76mg/l) and phosphate (0.85-1.04mg/l). Conductivity, nitrate and phosphate varied significantly (p<0.05) between stations. A total of 318 individuals from 13 species and 10 families of macroinvertebrates were encountered during the study period. Hemiptera (35.52%), Coleopterans (34.59%), Odonata (22.95%), Dipterans (5.03%) and Oligochaetes (1.87%) were the dominant groups. The first two Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) axes explained 87.33% of macroinvertebrate-environment relationship and pH (-0.99), BOD5 (-0.62), nitrate (-0.61), conductivity (-0.59) and phosphate (-0.57) were the dominant structuring factors. Six bacteria species; Bacillus sp, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella sp and Pseudomonas sp. and five fungi species; Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, A. flavus, Penicillium sp and Mucor sp. were encountered. The presence of some of these microorganisms such as E. coli in the lake is an indication of faecal contamination and this could endanger public health.
Biological invasion: evidence from a tropical reservoir (Eleiyele, South West Nigeria
Authors: Oluwale F. V , Ugwumba A. A. A
Published: November 2022

The encroachment of freshwater territories by invasive species is a global issue with its associated co-existence, displacement and facilitation of native species. The blackchin tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron is one of the most successful biological invasive species. Data on its apparent ecological consequences on native species are rare in Nigerian inland waters. Based on stomach contents analyses, diets, feeding strategies, and dietary niche breadths of two sympatric invasive S. melanotheron and native Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus populations in a tropical domestic water supply were assessed for possible convergence. Both species exhibited generalist feeding strategies subsisting mostly on algae but fish eggs and larvae were conspicuous preys of S. melanotheron. Dietary niche of S. melanotheron was wider than that of O. niloticus. Dietary niche overlap was high and significant between these sympatric species. These findings imply that competitive feeding interactions-including predations on vulnerable early life stages may potentially promote invasion success of S. melanotheron in Eleiyele Reservoir.
Assessment of benthic macroinvertebrate fauna as bio-indicator and physicochemical characteristics in the Gulf of Guinea off western Nigerian shor
Authors: Bassey B. O , Olapoju O. A , Yakub A. S , Igbo J. K , Bello B. O , Abiodun O. A , Nosazeogie E. O , Izge M.A. , Haruna A. F
Published: November 2022

Benthic macroinvertebrates are helpful bio-indicators providing better understanding of modified and perturbed aquatic ecosystems. This study seeks to determine the ecological status and diversity of the macroinvertebrate community in relation to environmental variables in western Nigerian offshore waters within the Gulf of Guinea. Macroinvertebrate samples were collected from five (5) sampling stations using a Van-veen grab following standard protocols. Water samples were collected and the physico-chemical parameters measured onboard using a multi-parameter checker, HORIBA-U53. The physico-chemical parameters of the water varied significantly (p<0.05) between stations. Macoma litoralis (13.71%), Tellina gilchristi (13.71%), and Tellina trilateri (11.71%) were the dominant macroinvertebrate species, while Nassarius cuvierii, Oxystele tigrina Tritia lanceolata Turritella communis, Turritella communis and Orbinia angrapequensis (0.33% each) were the least abundant. Axis 1 (63.73%) and axis 2 (22.32%) of the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) explained macrobenthic fauna-environmental variables association. Gastropoda showed strong relationship with salinity, silicate, sulphate, TDS and conductivity in Stations 1, 2 and 3. Bivalvia and Scaphopoda showed strong relationship with pH, BOD, water temperature, phosphate and nitrate in Stations 4 and 5. The AZTI Marine Biotic Index (AMBI, 0.85), multivariate AZTI Marine Biotic Index (M-AMBI, 0.80), Bentix Index (5.46) and Biotic Index (BI, 1.00) showed that this section of the Gulf of Guinea is undisturbed.
Observations on the feeding activities of the West African Manatee, Trichechus senegalensis Link, 1795 in a semi-wild environment
Authors: Egwali E. C , Akpan A. U , Esenowo I. K , Nelson A. U , Chukwu M. N , Adeyemi-Ale O. A
Published: November 2022

The presence of the West African manatee, Trichechus senegalensis in a semi-wild holding facility in Little Stream Farm, Ibesikpo Asutan Local Government Area, presented an opportunity to study directly, aspects of their biology, which hitherto were little known. This study was conducted to identify their plant food preferences and feeding behaviour as a reflection of what may approximate their activities in the wild. The selected plants were weighed (wet weight in kg) with spring balance in batches of 3kg per plant species and offered in batches to the manatee for a specified period (initially for 24 hours, then 4 hours and 10 hours). Of the 15 plant species presented, Emilia sonchifolia, Commelina diffusa, Nymphaea sp., Panicum laxum, Eleusine indica and Rhynchosia sp. had high preference levels while the quantity of Chromolaena sp. consumption was minimal. Bambusa sp., Heliotropium indicum, Ludwigia abyssinica and Hyptis lanceolata were ignored by the animal on repeated presentations. Studies on day-time and night-time feeding showed little difference in quantities of food consumed. However, the maximum consumption of 7kg was observed at daytime feeding on day 4 of the 14 days trial. The result showed that in the event of West African manatee rescue and fostering in temporary holding facilities, these plants’ checklists may come in handy as food materials. They may also come for important considerations as plants whose natural growth and propagation should be encouraged in areas designated for West African manatee conservation.
Drought Stress and Adaptation Strategies in Kumi and Amuria Districts of Uganda
Authors: Kabasindi Harriet , Isabirye Moses , Odoi Juventine
Published: November 2022

This study investigated smallholder farmers’ drought adaptation strategies in 246 randomly selected households in Kumi and Amuria districts of Teso sub region of Uganda. Primary and secondary data were collected, the former through individual interviews, focus group discussions and key informant interview and the latter through document review. The results revealed that drought stress was above -4 kilo pascal within the period 2006–2016. The adaptation strategies appliedincluded cultivation of food crops that can be preserved and offering of labour on other people’s farms as a survival strategy. Promotion of early warning mechanisms; easy access to farm inputs; group formation and consolidation; and affordable irrigation technology are recommended to enhance farmers’ resilience
Creative Attitude in Science Learning Model to Improve Creative Thinking Skills and Positive Attitude of Students Towards Science
Authors: Julianto Julianto , Wasis Wasis , Agustini Rudiana , Suprayitno Suprayitno , Rukmi Asri Susetyo , Hidayati Fitria , Rahmawati Endah
Published: November 2022

The results of the literature study show that the Problem Based Learning (PBL) and Creative Problem Solving (CPS) models are proven to be able to improve students' creative thinking skills, but also have weaknesses that need to be improved. To complement the weaknesses of the application of the PBL Model and the CPS Model, it is necessary to develop an Innovative Learning Model that can improve students' creative abilities. The CASL (Creative Attitude In Science Learning) model is a learning model that integrates the CPS model with the PBL model in learning activities. The development of the CASL model is supported by the latest learning theories and the empirical foundation of the latest research. The CASL model has five phases, namely: (1) Generating positive attitudes as creative individuals, (2) Organizing creative learning, (3) Guiding creative investigations, (4) Forming positive attitudes in demonstrating scientific creativity, and (5) Attitude evaluation positive and scientific creativity.
How Thinking Routines Enhance Critical Thinking of Elementary Students
Authors: Manurung Mala Rejeki , Masitoh Siti , Arianto Fajar
Published: November 2022

Learning English as a foreign language within a primary school in Indonesia tends to be teacher-centered and focuses on the single correct answer. The demands of tests and covering textbook materials for tests prevent students from becoming active thinkers. Specific strategies have been proposed to promote critical thinking skills. Previous studies focused on applying thinking routines either in early childhood or higher education. This study examines the effect of thinking routines on sixth-grade elementary school students' critical thinking ability within an English lesson. The quasi-experimental research was conducted with 64 students divided into a control group (N=32) and an experimental group (N=32)  at two different schools. This research was conducted online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The data is analyzed statistically using the Mann-Whitney U Test. Critical thinking ability tests and observation sheets were used as data collection tools. The results reveal that thinking routines significantly improved sixth-grade students' critical thinking skills. The result suggests using thinking routines in teaching and learning to support students thinking from different points of view.
Mitigating the Integrity Issues in Cloud Computing Utilizing Cryptography Algorithms
Authors: Singh Dr. Satinderjeet
Published: November 2022

The cloud can be created, monitored, and disseminated with slight disruption or service provider involvement. Among the most rapidly evolving phenomenon, cloud computing provides users with a variety of low-cost solutions. By putting the ideas of confidentiality, authentication, encryption techniques, non-repudiation, intrusion prevention, and effectiveness into practice, the challenge of cloud information security for computers and cloud storage security has been resolved in its totality. As cloud security has become a growing problem, cloud technology is prominent throughout many emerging disciplines of study in which a significant amount of research is conducted in this field. Each of these efforts uses a cryptography approach. Current solutions to these issues have certain important drawbacks. To protect sensitive information stored in the cloud, one needs to design programs that implement hybrid cryptographic mechanisms using challenging encryption algorithms. This research elaborates on an examination of using cryptographic techniques to mitigate the integrity problems in cloud computing.
Elazığ-Sivrice Depremi’nin (24 Ocak 2020) Öncül Belirtileri
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Seval , KUTLU Yusuf Arif
Published: November 2022

Bu çalışma kapsamında; büyük ölçekli depremler meydana gelmeden önce doğa, canlılar ve elektronik cihazlar üzerinde gözlemlenebilen anormal değişimlerin 24 Ocak 2020 Elazığ-Sivrice Depremi (Mw=6.8) ile ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu anormal değişimler; deprem sonrasında Elazığ ilinin merkezinde konuşlandırılan barınma alanlarındaki 127 gönüllü afetzede katılımcı üzerinde yüz yüze anket tekniği kullanılarak derlenmiştir. Katılımcılar tarafından insanlarda 117, hayvanlarda 214, gökyüzünde 147, hava durumunda 165, kaynak ve çeşme sularında 59, göl ve barajlarda 31 ve elektrik-elektronik cihazlarda toplam 73 sıra dışı gözlem yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Elazığ Depremi meydana gelmeden önceki bir aylık zaman diliminde; doğanın, canlıların ve elektronik cihazların gözlemlenebilecek düzeyde sıra dışı değişimler sergilediği söylenebilir. Küresel ölçekte büyük depremler öncesinde de gözlemlenen bu anormal değişimlerin; depremlerin olası öncül belirtileri olarak kayda geçirilmesi yerel ölçekte deprem tahmin çalışmalarının ve erken uyarı sistemlerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.
Sakralitas Burung Manguni Dalam Teologi Kontekstual Orang (Tou) Minahasa
Authors: Nainggolan Alon Mandimpu , Manullang Juanda , Heydemans Nency Aprilia
Published: November 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan budaya orang (Tou) Minahasa tentang sakralitas burung Manguni. Burung Manguni dipercayai sebagai burung suci yang berasal dari Minahasa, Sulawesi Utara. Identitas Burung Manguni oleh Tou Minahasa di kenal dengan sebutan burung ot atau burung totosik. Burung Manguni bagi Tou minahasa memiliki simbol sakral. Oleh karena itu Tou Minahasa menjadikan burung ini sakral. Sikap masyarakat mendeskripsikan burung Manguni dalam teologi kontekstual terdapat dalam simbol Gereja Masehi Injili di Minahasa (GMIM), lambang/simbol daerah Minahasa, ukiran, dan pakaian batik khas Minahasa.  Tou Minahasa meyakini burung Manguni sebagai perantara antara manusia dan Tuhan Allah Yang Maha Besar (Opo Empung Wailan Wangko) dan menjadi pembawa kabar. Penelitian ini dipengaruhi oleh adat dan budaya Tou Minahasa yang berfungsi mengenali kepercayaan nenek moyang (leluhur) yang mengandung nilai-nilai luhur. Penelitian artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa burung Manguni baik secara fisik maupun budaya Minahasa mengandung nilai sakral dan menjadi identitas Tou Minahasa.
Solidaritas Kekristenan Sebagai Wujud Dari Altruisme Terhadap Orang Miskin (Suatu Tinjauan Etis)
Authors: Sihombing Brisco Nathanael
Published: November 2022

Tulisan ini mengkaji tindakan solidaritas umat Kristiani sebagai bentuk altruisme terhadap kaum miskin yang akan dibahas secara deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu dengan melakukan studi literatur yang di dalamnya terdapat pemahaman tentang etika teologis. Altruisme, berlawanan dengan egoisme, adalah tindakan yang muncul dari diri sendiri untuk membantu orang lain dalam skala yang lebih besar dari diri sendiri. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa altruisme dapat dijadikan landasan moral untuk membentuk solidaritas dengan kaum miskin. Solidaritas berarti kita ikut merasakan apa yang dirasakan oleh orang lain, tepatnya rasa solidaritas terhadap orang miskin. Miskin dalam hal ini bukan hanya materi, tetapi orang miskin juga merasa miskin jiwa. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya menumbuhkan rasa solidaritas Kristiani terhadap kaum miskin, yang merupakan wujud altruisme dengan landasan Kristiani yang begitu kuat landasannya dengan hukum kasih. Oleh karena itu, umat Kristiani berpartisipasi dalam tindakan altruistik berdasarkan hukum kasih kepada orang miskin, baik miskin materi maupun spiritual. Menjadikan altruisme sebagai indikasi moralitas akan menjadi langkah awal yang baik untuk meningkatkan rasa kepedulian yang kuat di antara masyarakat untuk mengurangi kemiskinan.
Evaluasi proses penyediaan dan kualitas fisik daging babi di Manokwari
Authors: Widayati Isti , Palulungan John , Nurhayati Dwi , Baaka Alnita
Published: November 2022

Abstract 
This study aims to determine the process of supply and physical quality of pork in Manokwari. The research was conducted at places of slaughtering, pork selling places, and Animal Health Sub-Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, UNIPA. This research is an observational study with a qualitative exploratory survey method. Place of slaughtering and pork selling places are determined using accidental sampling technique, determination of pork samples by purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, and qualitatively, data tabulation using the Microsoft Excel program. The results showed that there were 6 places where pigs were slaughtered which were carried out in pig pens, not in RPB (pork abattoir), where selling pork was carried out incidentally on the side of the main road, the slaughtering stages caused stress before slaughtering so that 33% of the pork experienced Dark Firm Dry and 16% of the pork experienced Pale Soft Exudative after cutting. Conclusion: pig slaughtering is not carried out in RPB, pork selling places are not in special locations, the process of slaughtering pigs creates stress and the stages of slaughter are different from the SOP in abattoirs. The quality of the pork is good but there is a change in the colour of the meat to DFD and PSE, pork is suitable for consumption but there is no guarantee of food safety because there is no antemortem and postmortem inspection so it is not certified.
Keywords: DFD; Manowari; Physical Quality; Pork;PSE
 
Abstrak 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses penyediaan dan kualitas fisik daging babi di Manokwari. Penelitian dilakukan di tempat pemotongan, tempat penjualan daging babi, dan Sub Laboratorium Kesehatan Hewan Fakultas Peternakan UNIPA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan metode survei eksploratif kualitatif. Tempat pemotongan dan penjualan daging babi ditentukan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling, penentuan sampel daging babi secara purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif, kualitatif, tabulasi data menggunakan program microsoft excel. Hasil penelitian terdapat 6 tempat pemotongan babi yang dilakukan di kandang babi bukan di RPB, tempat penjualan daging babi dilakukan secara insidentil di pinggir jalan raya, tahapan pemotongan menyebabkan babi stres sebelum pemotongan sehingga 33% daging babi mengalami Dark Firm Dry dan 16% daging babi mengalami Pale Soft Exudatif pasca pemotongan. Kesimpulan: tempat pemotongan babi tidak dilakukan di RPB, tempat penjualan daging babi tidak di lokasi khusus, proses pemotongan babi menimbulkan stres dan tahapan pemotongan berbeda dengan SOP di RPH. Kualitas daging babi baik namun ada perubahan warna daging menjadi DFD dan PSE, daging babi layak dikonsumsi namun tidak ada jaminan keamanan pangan karena tidak ada pemeriksaan antemortem dan postmortem sehingga tidak tersertifikasi.
Kata kunci: Daging babi; DFD; Kualitas fisik; Manokwari; PSE