bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFESSIONAL PREPAREDNESS AS AN INCREDIBLE COMPONENT OF SUCCESSFUL PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE PERSON
Authors: Sirokha Lilya
Published: February 2020

The historical aspect and the essence of the term of readiness for work as a special mental state; a necessary and extremely important component of a successful professional life of a person is studied in the article. Readiness for a certain phenomenon helps person to adapt more quickly and to fulfill his duties more successfully. It contributes to the development of personality. The author points out that an analysis of the problem of readiness shows that the genesis of this concept is related to the development and understanding of the concept of "psychological

readiness for work". It can be defined as permanent (as a result of labor education) or temporary (as a result of psychological training or psychological mobilization during this period) mental condition, which is caused due to the need for work.

The question of the readiness of a specialist for professional activity is studied within such sciences as: psychology, pedagogy, philosophy. The author's determination of readiness is formulated during the conduction of the research. The author proposes to understand the readiness as a complex integrative formation, characterizing a particular mental state. It is a necessary and essential component of a successful professional life of the individual. It helps a person to adapt more quickly, to fulfill his professional duties more successfully; it promotes professional development of a specialist. Readiness includes not only professional characteristics and skills, but either personal trait.

The conclusion is made that since readiness is a dynamic value, it means that its course is determined by age, by learning experience, individual abilities of the person and so on. The author summarizes the importance of the development of psychological readiness for work during the formation of the personality of a modern specialist. It is emphasized that professional readiness cannot be the same as a subjective professional readiness.

According to the modern scientific researches the author distinguishes particular levels of professional readiness, such as: high (autonomy in setting and solving new tasks, adequacy of assessment and self-assessment of professionally important qualities, ability to effectively solve problems during time deficit, etc.); average (average level of expression of the mentioned qualities); and low (inability to set and solve complex problems independently, inadequate assessment and self-assessment of professionally important features, etc.
THE ROLE OF BEES IN DEVELOPING A LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Authors: Krampuža Ilga
Published: February 2020

The research highlights the need for implementation of sustainable bee population protection. For example, uncontrolled or poorly controlled use of chemicals in agriculture has a direct impact not only on the bee life cycle, but also on the safety and sustainable development of the human environment and on environmental protection as a whole. The aim of the research is to highlight the need to limit and transparently control the use of chemicals in agricultural production in order to protect the safe living environment of humans through the legislation primarily aimed at protecting bees. The main methods used are statistical, systemic, analytical and comparative methods. It is proposed to raise public information activities, as well as to harmonize the regulatory enactments with the right to a favourable environment defined in the Constitution (Satversme) and to prohibit the use of poisonous chemical substances in agricultural production.
THE IMPORTANCE OF NEGOTIATION IN JURISPRUDENCE IN LATVIA
Authors: Gailis Kristaps , Kjakšta Juna
Published: February 2020

The world around us is changing, but some spheres lag behind the changes. Jurisprudence has a long history with established traditions and values. It may be time to look at the values and compare them with the demands and lively dynamics of modern society. Therefore, this research is focused on finding out the role and importance of negotiation in jurisprudence in Latvia. As jurisprudence belongs to the social sciences, it is important to look at socio-historical aspects and analyse different author books and publications in the field. Thus, it could be concluded that the importance of negotiation has so far been underestimated. While the state is trying to make the legal system more effective, it does not pay sufficient attention to aspects that will make a real contribution. Therefore, it can be argued in this regard that for the success story sufficient attention to the importance of negotiation in jurisprudence is missing. So far, the art of negotiating relies solely on the personal qualities, charisma, and other subjective attributes of the negotiator him/herself.
ASSESSMENT OF MAIN LIST STOCKS AS AN INVESTMENT OBJECT IN THE BALTIC REGULATED MARKET
Authors: Kotāne Inta
Published: February 2020

The stock market, which could be seen as one of the types of securities market, is an unstructured environment in which every investor needs to understand how to invest. For a potential investor interested in shares as one of the objects of investment, it is possible to buy the shares and potentially earn despite the fact that an investment in shares is considered to be a very high-risk investment. The research aims to assess Baltic Main List stocks as an investment object in the Baltic regulated market. The research results showed that investors should assess and invest in the companies of the Baltic Main List on Nasdaq Vilnius and Nasdaq Riga if they plan to gain income from an increase in share prices and to assess and invest in the companies of the Baltic Main List on Nasdaq Tallinn and Nasdaq Riga if they plan to earn income from dividends. The author concludes that the use of an investment account has not been sufficiently popularised among individuals, which does not contribute to the development of savings culture in Latvia and in the other Baltic States. For the education of private investors and the promotion of making decisions on share purchases, it would be desirable for investors to offer summarised information on company shares and their characteristics on the Nasdaq website. The research employed general quantitative and qualitative methods for economic research, including comparative analysis and synthesis, statistical analysis and graphic analysis.
Manual therapy in the treatment of facial wrinkles and sagging: a quantitative-qualitative randomized clinical trial
Authors: Garcia Aline de Souza Massulo , Silva Dilane Braga da , Gonçalves Vanessa Daniele Ferreira , Ferreira Alessandra Couto de Camargo
Published: February 2020

Background: Manual therapy has emerged as an option for facial rejuvenation treatment due to its effects on connective tissue. Objectives: The aim of the study was to verify the effectiveness of the manual therapy protocol in attenuating wrinkles and facial sagging. Methods: This is a quantitative-qualitative, randomized clinical trial. The study included female volunteers, aged between 40 and 50 years, distributed in 2 groups: Manual therapy group (MTG) and Control group (CG). The protocol used consisted of: lymph node decongestion, sliding massages, fast and vigorous movements, and traction on the fasciae. The evaluation instrument was through photos, in which they were analyzed by Dermato-functional specialists through a scale that graduates the wrinkles. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used to analyze the symmetry of the results by the Gauss curve. Pre- and post-intervention differences between the groups were determined using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test. Results: The average score obtained in the graduation of wrinkles and signs of aging in the manual therapy group showed significant differences in all regions of the face before and after treatment. And there was a decrease in the score, which shows improvement in the reduction of wrinkles and signs of aging, especially in the upper third. In contrast, in the control group, the average remained before and after the follow-up by the research, showing that there were no significant changes in this group. Conclusion: The manual therapy protocol showed significant results in reducing the signs of aging, such as fine lines and wrinkles, being another option to be applied in clinics.
SELF-EFFICACY MATEMATIKA DAN SELF-EFFICACY MENGAJAR MATEMATIKA GURU MATEMATIKA
Authors: Pardimin Pardimin
Published: February 2020

Abstract: Self Efficacy in Mathematics and in Mathematics Teaching among Junior High-school Teachers. This study investigates teachers’ self efficacy in mathematics and in mathematics teaching, involving 38 junior high school mathematics teachers in the city of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The research instrument to measure self efficacy in mathematics consists of 18 questions with a reliability coefficient of .86, whereas the one to measure mathematics-teaching self efficacy consists of 18 statements with a reliability coefficient of .826. Both instruments were adapted from the Mathematics Teaching and Mathematics Self-Efficacy Scale (MTMSE) developed by Kahle (2008). The results show that mathe­matics self efficacy and teaching mathematics self efficacy of the junior high school mathematics teach­ers in the city of Yogyakarta are high, with a correlation coefficient of .477. The mathematics self-efficacy instrument consists of three parts, namely arithmetics, algebra, and geometrics, and arithmetic self-efficacy is found to be positively correlated with teaching mathematics self-efficacy with a multiple correlation coefficient of 0,605.Abstrak: Self-Efficacy Matematika dan Self-Efficacy Mengajar Matematika Guru Matematika SMP Kota Yogyakarta. Self-efficacy matematika adalah konsep diri terkait kepercayaan individu pada kemampuannya untuk melakukan atau menyelesaikan suatu tugas atau masalah matematika. Self-efficacy mengajar matematika merupakan keyakinan seorang guru terhadap kemampuannya untuk mengatur dan melaksanakan tindakan pembelajaran matematika demi mencapai suatu tujuan serta yakin mampu untuk menghadapi segala tantangan dan mampu memprediksi seberapa besar usaha yang dibu­tuhkan untuk mencapai tujuan yang tepat dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian tentang self-efficacy matematika self-efficacy mengajar matematika telah dilakukan ter­hadap 38 guru matematika SMP di kota Yogyakarta. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari dua bagian. Pertama adalah instrumen self-efficacy matematika yang terdiri dari 18 petanyaan dengan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,860. Kedua adalah instrumen self-efficacy mengajar matematika yang terdiri dari 18 pernyataan dengan koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,826. Kedua intrumen tersebut diadaptasi dari Mathematics Teaching and Mathe­matics Self-Efficacy Scale (MTMSE) yang dikembangkan oleh Kahle (2008). Hasil penelitian menunjuk­kan bahwa self-efficacy matematika dan self-efficacy mengajar matematika guru SMP di kota Yogya­karta termasuk tinggi dengan koefisien korelasi antara keduanya sebesar 0,477. Instrumen self-efficacy matematika terdiri dari tiga bagian yaitu aritmatika, aljabar, dan geometrika. Hanya self-efficacy arit­matika yang berkorelasi positif dengan self-efficacy mengajar matematika dengan koefisien korelasi ganda sebesar 0,605.
The Unsteady Flow of a Fluid of Finite Depth with an Oscillating Bottom
Authors: Pothanna Nalimela , Aparna P.
Published: February 2020

In this paper, the unsteady flow of a fluid of finite depth with an oscillating bottom is examined. The flow is assumed in the absence of viscous dissipation. The governing equations of the flow are decoupled in the velocity and temperature fields. The velocity and temperature fields have been obtained analytically. The effects of various material parameters on these fields have been discussed with the help of graphical illustrations. It is noticed that the upward thrust (ρfy) vanishes when Reiner Rivlin coefficient of viscosity (μc) is zero and the transverse force (ρfz) perpendicular to the flow direction vanishes for thermo-viscosity coefficient (α8) is zero. The external forces generated perpendicular to the flow direction is a special feature of thermo-viscous fluid when compared to the other type of fluids.
A cost variation analysis study of various bisphosphonates preparations available in the Indian market
Authors: Naidu Sushma V. , Rani Vibha
Published: February 2020

Background: Osteoporosis is a chronic disease leading to weakened and porous bones which increases the risk of fractures. It is a treatable condition using drugs like bisphosphonates. There is wide variation in the cost among various brands of bisphosphonates in the Indian market, so the objective of the study was to analyse cost of different brands of bisphosphonates.Methods: Cost of both oral and injectable bisphosphonates in the same strength and dosage forms was obtained from CIMS India (January-April 2019). For oral form of the drug, price was calculated per 10 tablets, for injectable form the price per ampoule or vial was calculated and cost ratio, percentage of cost variation was calculated.Results: 15 different formulations of bisphosphonates were analyzed and it was found that cost ratio is found to be highest with 60 mg of pamidronate injection and lowest with 10 mg alendronate tablet, also pamidronate 60 mg injection has highest percentage of cost variation (9632%) and lowest cost variation is seen with 10 mg alendronate (35%). Cost ratio of 11 formulations was found to be very high which was >2 while percentage of cost variation of 11 formulations was found to be more 100.Conclusions: This study concludes that there is wide variation in cost of various brands of bisphosphonates in India. The huge price variation creates unnecessary burden leading on the patients resulting in noncompliance which increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, there is an urgent need to regulate the cost of various formulations of bisphosphonates which will reduce the financial burden on the patients.
Antimicrobial prescribing pattern in a tertiary care teaching hospital: a pilot study
Authors: Rajopadhye Bhagyashri D. , Palkar Sonali H. , Pandit Vijaya A. , Dhande Priti P. , Kumar Mahadevan , Lalwani Sanjay K.
Published: February 2020

Background: The emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide challenge threatening to negate the gains made by discovery of antimicrobial agents (AMAs).  Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) is an important strategy for ensuring appropriate use of AMAs and controlling emergence of antibiotic resistance. Implementation of ASP must start with assessment of the current state of antimicrobial use. This study was therefore conducted to assess the prevalent prescribing patterns in a tertiary care hospital and identify gaps which warrant corrective intervention.Methods: This prospective pilot study presents analysis of the first 30 Patients from the medicine ward prescribed at least one antimicrobial agent during the two months of study period. Relevant data was collected in AMA record form. Appropriateness of AMAs was analyzed regarding selection as well as administration protocol as per the hospital antibiotic policy.Results: Out of the 60 AMAs prescribed to these patients, most commonly prescribed were cephalosporins (63.3%), anti-amoebics (26.6%) and macrolides (23.3%). Common diseases involved were urinary tract infection, acute gastroenteritis, sepsis and lower respiratory tract infections.  Use of AMAs was found to be appropriate for the indication in 42 %, dose in 97%, duration 60 %, route 93% and frequency 90 %.Conclusions: This gap between the appropriate and the actual practice use of AMAs indicates an urgent need of rigorous implementation of ASP in order to avoid emergence of resistance and to conserve the sensitivity to the available AMAs.
Early surgical management in pancreatic ascites on a background of chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Muthukumarasamy Thiruvarul , Sachanandani Kanchan Ashok , Harikrishnan Sakhtivel , Satyanesan Jeswanth
Published: February 2020

Background: Pancreatic ascites can occur as a complication of acute or chronic pancreatitis. In majority of cases, it is associated with pseudocyst or duct disruption. Management is initially conservative with paracentesis with nutritional support. Early surgery has been recently contemplated as primary management for pancreatic ascites.Methods: A prospective study was done over a duration of three years from November 2017 to October 2019 in patients of chronic pancreatitis presenting with pancreatic ascites. All patients underwent pancreatic protocol contrast enhanced computed tomography abdomen and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, duct diameter and main pancreatic duct (MPD) disruption site.  pseudocyst site was identified. After optimizing patients, early surgery was planned. Surgeries included either lateral pancreatic jejunostomy, if MPD were dilated. Pancreaticogastrostomy, cystogastrostomy or cystojejunostomy, if there was pseudocyst with extraneous impression over stomach or on mesocolon, and distal pancreatectomy (and/or) splenectomy. Results: Out of 20 cases of pancreatic ascites, 6 were of acute pancreatitis and conservatively managed and 14 were subjected to early primary surgery. 8 out of 14 patients underwent LPJ. 2/14 underwent pancreaticogastrostomy. 2/14 underwent cystogastrostomy and 1/14 underwent spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy. 1/14 underwent distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy. None of the patients had postoperative recurrence of pancreatic ascites. One patient developed Postoperative intra-abdominal collection which was drained. Mortality was 2/14 (14.2%), one died immediate postoperatively and another succumb to Pulmonary embolism on post-operative day-4. Pain scores were significantly reduced post-operatively.Conclusions: Primary early surgery directed towards primary pathology, as guided by MPD status, in selected patients with chronic pancreatitis with ascites leads to faster recovery of patient.
Early neonatal morbidities in late preterm compared to term neonates born in a tertiary care private hospital
Authors: Mehta Yogesh P. , Naik Manjusha Bhicurao , Putrevu Kinnera
Published: February 2020

Background: Late preterm babies, born between 34 completed weeks of gestation through 36 weeks 6/7 gestation, tend to be physiologically less mature than term infants, subjecting them to an increased risk of developing various morbidities. Limited information is available regarding the current scenario in India. Therefore, the objective of this study was to understand and compare the early morbidities in late preterm newborns with those in full term babies in a tertiary hospital in India.Methods: The current prospective, observational study consisted of total 150 babies divided into two groups equally; late preterm neonates born between 34 and 36 weeks of gestation and full-term neonates. Weight (at birth, at 72 hours), heart rate, temperature and respiratory parameters were noted of all babies. The newborns were examined for respiratory morbidities, ability to breastfeed, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, neonatal jaundice and signs of sepsis. The need for resuscitation, admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and parenteral nutrition was also assessed. Data was expressed as mean±SD and was analyzed using the Student ‘t’ and Mann Whitney U tests.Results: The mean length and weight at birth in late preterm babies was significantly lesser than term newborns. Late preterm babies were found to have significantly higher incidence of complications like hyperbilirubinemia (62.7% vs 13.3%), respiratory morbidities (16% vs 4%), poor feeding, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, and sepsis compared to term newborns (p<0.01).Conclusions: Late preterm infants are at a higher risk than term infants for a number of neonatal complications. Initiatives imparting special care to late preterm infants are required in order to lower the morbidities endured by this population.
Incidence of reactive thrombocytosis in serious bacterial infections in children aged two months to twelve years and its usefulness as a predictor of serious bacterial infections
Authors: Sadique Thahseen Nilofar Sahubar , Natarajan Thrilok , Shanmugham Kabilan , Veluchamy Suresh Kumar
Published: February 2020

Background: The aims of the study were to estimate the incidence of reactive thrombocytosis(RT) among febrile children aged 2 months to 12 years and to identify any differences in age group and gender in mounting thrombocytosis as a response to infection, to identify if thrombocytosis occurred preferentially in any particular group of serious bacterial infections(SBI), to compare thrombocytosis with other parameters like total white cell count, C-reactive protein(CRP), cultures etc. and to assess the utility of platelet count as a potential predictor of serious bacterial infection.Methods: This was a prospective study done in Institute of Child Health and Hospital for children, Madras Medical College from September 2015 to July 2016. Inclusion criteria: Children aged 2 months to 12 years with symptoms of fever less than 6 days admitted in the paediatric wards and those seen at the outpatient department. Exclusion criteria: Children having received parenteral antibiotics.Results: Of the 500 children, 142 (28.4%) had reactive thrombocytosis. RT was mild in 120 children (24%), moderate in 16 children (3.2%), severe in 4(0.8%) and extreme in two children (0.4%). This study showed that 36.48% (85 / 233) of children under 1 year had RT (p = 0.0002).There was no significant sex related difference in mounting RT. Out of 500 children included in the study, serious bacterial infection was diagnosed among 171 children (34.2%).Pneumonia (n=100) was the most common SBI followed by urinary tract infections (n=33), meningitis (n=23), sepsis (n=15). This study showed that RT has a moderate ability to predict serious bacterial infections (AUC=0.78; PPV-75.35%).Conclusions: Incidence of reactive thrombocytosis in febrile children aged 2 months to 12 years is 28.4%. It occurs more frequently in infants and without any sex predilection. RT is associated with leucocytosis, positive CRP, positive Chest X ray findings, positive urine culture and positive CSF findings. This shows that RT has a moderate ability in predicting SBI in children.
A study on transformation in infant mortality rates in India: mortality indicators as major tool for indicating status of nation’s health
Authors: S. Chandramohan Reddy , Reddy Dharna
Published: February 2020

Background: Mortality is important to study population change in the country; infant mortality is considered as principal component balancing the child sex ratio. In this study authors aimed to analyze how mortality rates and child sex ratios are different in urban and rural areas and how its growth statistics are changing over years. Objectives of the study were to quantify infant mortality rates change over time and check the means among mortality indicators.Methods: The study was conducted using secondary data obtained from various issues and reports published by Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India for a period of 10 years from 2006 to 2016. The obtained data on mortality indicators were subjected to basic statistical analysis using percent change and paired t-test.Results: The Infant mortality rate which was reduced by 23 points indicating reduction of 67.65 percent control over a period from 2006 to 2016. Further, results show that, in case of urban mortality, there was significant difference between mortality indicators during study period, the p-value (0.011) was less than level of significance (0.05) so we reject the null hypothesis and it is concluded that there is significant difference between the means of urban mortality indicators over a period of from 2006 to 2016.Conclusions: The infant mortality rate frequently provided as a key indicator of overall the development. There is need for stable child sex ratio; health of children and women are essential for better growth and reaching stable child sex ratio for the ever increasing population.
Association between anemia and acute lower respiratory tract infection in under-five children at Puducherry, India: a case control study
Authors: . Gobinaath , J. Arun Daniel
Published: February 2020

Background: Anemia has been widely studied as an important factor in the immunity composition of under five children. The incidence of infections in children can be attributed to some extend to the prevalence of anemia among them. Hence this study aimed at exploring the association between anemia and lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) among the 6 months to 5 years old children as an effort to establish anemia as an independent risk factor for LRTI.Methods: A case-control study was conducted among 200 children in the age group of 6 months–5 years who attended the out-patient and in-patient unit of the department of paediatrics during July to September 2019. Accordingly 100 cases of LRTI and 100 normal controls were age and gender matched and their parents were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Blood investigations were done and documented in a proforma. The association between anemia and LRTI was studied statistically.Results: Anemia was associated strongly with LRTI [odds ratio=4.96 (2.72, 9.1)] with 68% of the cases with LRTI manifesting anemia. The highest level of anemia was recorded among those with LRTI in the 25-42 months age group (80.8%) which was significantly (p<0.001) higher than controls. The mean hemoglobin level was 9.6±0.8 gm% among the cases which was significantly lower (p<0.001) than that of the controls (11.7±1.1 gm%). The mean iron level was 40±7.3 μg/dL among cases and 72±12.1μg/dL among the non-LRTI group (p<0.001).Conclusions: Anemia was significantly associated with LRTI group compared to the control group proving it to be an independent risk factor for LRTI.
The role of pharmacist in handling drug-related problems in breast cancer patients at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital
Authors: Wulandari Yetty , Kumala Shirly , Keban Sesilia A. , Julian Erwin Danil
Published: February 2020

Background: DRP (Drug-Related Problems) affects the outcome of chemotherapy treatment to cancer patients. Matters related to DRP can be prevented by a pharmacist by providing drug information to doctors or other health professionals. The objective of this study was to determine the description of DRP, type of DRP, recommendations given by pharmacists on DRPs, acceptance of the results of recommendations and analysis of factors that affect DRPs.Methods: The research method was carried out through a cross sectional study in which observational data collection was conducted concurrently. The study population was all breast cancer patients from the Division of Surgical Oncology in the period January - April 2018 as many as 228 people. The collected data consisted of dosage suitability, suitability of carrier fluid volume, patient adherence to the schedule for breast cancer patients, recommendations given by pharmacists and the results of acceptance of pharmacist recommendations.Results: Based on research findings, the incidence of DRP was 76.3%. Most problems were regarding carrier fluid volume (64.5%) and dose mismatch (30%). There was also a DRP combination of carrier fluid volume and dose of 19%. The pharmacist’s recommendation was to change the dose by 15.52%, change the carrier fluid volume by 60.92%, and change the dose and volume of the carrier fluid by 23.56%. The recommended dosage received by doctors was 13 patients (7.47%), changing the volume of carrier fluid received by doctors by 106 patients (60.92%).Conclusions: Pharmacists can prevent DRPs through providing drug information to doctors or other health professionals so that increased communication between health professionals is required.
Prevalence of premenopausal osteoporosis in hypothyroid patients
Authors: C. Arvind , B. Ragul , M. Sudha
Published: February 2020

Background: Hypothyroidism alone is not a risk factor for osteoporosis but the patient on treatment with levothyroxine in chronic terms have the greater chances of osteoporosis. This study is to evaluate the role of chronic levo-thyroxine treatment on bone mineral density and the development of osteoporosis.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study in which patients with recently diagnosed as hypothyroidism were taken as the first group and the second group as those who were having hypothyroidism for more than 2 years plus on chronic treatment with levothyroxine. Healthy premenopausal women were the control group. TSH was measured in all and the T score were used to measure osteoporosis severity. T score of lumbar vertebra and neck of femur were used for comparison. The description of qualitative data was done in absolute frequencies and percentages. The description of quantitative data were done as the, mean standard deviation, median, minimum and maximum. In the comparison of qualitative data between groups, the Chi-square test and contingency tables was used by rearranging the percentages of several variables (TSH, t-score). The statistical significance was set p<0.05.Results: TSH levels in the first group were slightly different from rest of the groups. T score were significantly lesser in patients in the second group who are diagnosed with hypothyroidism and on treatment with levothyroxine.Conclusions: The treatment for hypothyroidism with levo thyroxine reduces both TSH and bone mineral density in the study groups. Proper control of risk factors and avoidance of high dose thyroxine supplements are an effective way in prevention of osteoporosis.
Clinical and etiological profile of acute heart failure: an observational study
Authors: Varigonda Kiran Teja , Rao Subramani Khamitkar Shankar , Manjunath C. N.
Published: February 2020

Background: Acute heart failure (AHF) is a common and growing medical problem associated with major morbidity and mortality. It is the leading reason for hospital admission among patients over age 65 years. Not much of data is available from India, there are a lot of differences between the western data and available Indian data. Prompt diagnosis, identification of reversible causes and supportive management in ICU is of paramount importance.Methods: This study was conducted at Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, Karnataka after the institutional ethics committee approval. Those patients who were diagnosed to have AHF, were evaluated and treated as per the institution protocols in ICU and standard medical care which includes diuretics, inotropes and vasopressors. All the patients were prospectively studied; investigated for the etiology of AHF.Results: Majority of patients presenting as Acute Heart Failure are of 60 years mean age, with 63% males. Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of Acute Heart Failure. Shortness of breath was the commonest presentation followed by crackles. Abdominal pain was the most common (28%) non cardiac symptom. There is no significant correlation between the presence of anemia and mortality. Hyponatremia had relation with mortality. 22% had HFpEF, rest had HFrEF. The mean hospital stay was 8.3 days. The study mortality was 9 % and the 30-day mortality was 13 % in our study.Conclusions: Current available data from Indian studies and registries has a lot of difference from the western data with regards to causes, response to treatment, and more such data is needed to frame regional guidelines for better understanding of presentation of heart failure ,treatment and risk factors for mortality.
Clinicopathological profile of hoarseness of voice
Authors: Rathi Abhinav , Sharma Shalaka
Published: February 2020

Background: Hoarseness of voice is one of the most common symptoms bringing a patient to an ear, nose and throat (ENT) Out Patient Department (OPD). Hoarseness of voice may arise from wide spectrum of diseases ranging from mild infections to fatal malignancies. Hence a study was done to know the incidence, etiology, predisposing factors and clinical profile of patients presenting with hoarseness of voice.

Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of ENT, JNU IMSRC, Jaipur from Aug 2017 to July 2018. All the patients coming to ENT OPD with complaint of hoarseness of voice during that period underwent detailed history, clinical examination and routine investigations to know the exact cause of hoarseness.  

Results: A total of 126 cases with male:female ratio of 1.68:1 were analyzed. Patients age ranged from 13 to 82 years with majority of patients presenting in 4th decade. Most commonly hoarseness was seen in labourers (42.06%) with most common cause being vocal cord paralysis (23.01%) and majority of patients having smoking as the commonest predisposing factor (65%).

Conclusions: The etiology of hoarseness varies from trivial infections to serious malignancies. In our tertiary centre which is at the outskirts of the city majority of the patients coming to OPD are from rural area and most of these patients are labourers by occupation and have a habit of smoking bidis.
A cross sectional observational study of severity of allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma
Authors: Kambatatti Shekharappa Munish , Urs Rohini D.
Published: February 2020

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma are chronic diseases that often coexist and whose prevalence is increasing day by day. Uncontrolled allergic rhinitis may be associated with worsening of asthma and hence optimal treatment of AR may improve the coexisting asthma. The objective of the study was to study the severity of allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma.

Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 60 patients, at our Institute from November 2017 to June 2019 who were clinically diagnosed to have AR and asthma. Patients were evaluated by proper history taking, in detailed clinical examination and diagnostic nasal endoscopy and spirometry.  

Results: In our study out of 60 patients, majority fell in 20 to 40 age group. According to allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) classification 10 (17%) had mild intermittent AR, 12 (20%) had mild persistent AR, 5 (8%) had moderate/severe intermittent AR and 33 (55%) had moderate or severe persistent AR. In case of moderate/severe persistent AR: 4 had intermittent, 9 had mild persistent, 10 had moderate persistent and 10 severe persistent asthma. Spearman’s rank correlation was done between severity of AR and severity of asthma, spearman’s rho: 0.365, p<0.004 was significant.

Conclusions: We noted that as the severity of allergic rhinitis increased, severity of asthma also increased, which was a linear correlation.
Clinical profile of cervical lymphadenopathy and to find diagnostic efficacy of fine-needle aspiration cytology, ultrasonography and histopathological examination
Authors: Sharma Nitin , Singh Maya , Sharma Pritosh , Nahar Rahul , Goyal V. P.
Published: February 2020

Background: Cervical lymphadenopathy is the sign of a disease process which involves lymph nodes that are anomalous in uniformity and dimensions. It is very vital to exercise fine-needle aspiration biopsy, histopathological investigation, and ultrasonography for the diagnosis of palpable lesions.

Methods: This is a prospective study of 12-month duration from January 2018 to December 2018 in 61 patients presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy admitted in the ENT Department at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur.  

Results: In biopsy, most common diagnosis was chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis i.e. in 62.3% of the patients. As compared to biopsy, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed chronic granulomatous lymphadenitis in 46% of the patients, with overall sensitivity of 91.1%, and specificity of 60.0%. and accuracy of 88.5%. Whereas ultrasonography (USG) reported, 64% cervical lymphadenopathy in patients, with overall sensitivity came out to be 91.1%, specificity to be 40.0%, accuracy was 86.9%.

Conclusions: Present study showed that biopsy is the gold standard procedure for diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy lesions followed by FNAC, USG. Tuberculous lymphadenitis was most common diagnosis made by the diagnostic modalities.
РОЗВИТОК ТЕОРІЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ КАПІТАЛІЗАЦІЇ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Мельник Оксана
Published: February 2020

Представлено результати узагальнення підходів до визначення стратегії та обґрунтовано доцільність розширення інваріантної структури стратегії капіталізації, яку можна представити як зв’язок таких елементів «стратегічний контекст — стратегічний процес — зміст стратегії — стратегічні орієнтації». У такій змістовній постановці цю новацію імплементовано в авторську логіку дослідження капіталізації підприємства, що дозволило актуалізувати низку питань, які є пріоритетними щодо управлінського фокусування на процесах і результатах капіталотворення за сучасних умов діяльності. Новизна авторського підходу полягає в розширенні змістовних меж дослідження процесів капіталотворення, що пов’язано зі зміною пріоритетних форм капіталу з матеріально-фінансових на нематеріальні його види. Більш складною стає природа капіталотворення, яка виходить за межі економіки підприємства і стає міждисциплінарною. Забезпечення економічних результатів шляхом забезпечення зростання фундаментальної та ринкової цінності підприємства стають залежними від якості стратегічного процесу та змісту стратегії, які визначаються стратегічним контекстом і стратегічними орієнтаціями.
ОПЕРАТИВНИЙ І СТРАТЕГІЧНИЙ КОНТРОЛІНГ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ЕФЕКТИВНОГО РОЗВИТКУ СТРАХОВИХ КОМПАНІЙ
Authors: Ткаченко Наталія , Селіверстова Людмила
Published: February 2020

З’ясовано цільові орієнтири страхової компанії та здійснено їхню класифікацію з урахуванням різних критеріїв, а саме: за ступенем важливості, можливістю вимірювання, строками реалізації, ступенем охоплення та поставленою метою. Обґрунтовано значущість контролінгу як системи, що покликана забезпечити як координаційну, методичну та інформаційну підтримку менеджменту компанії у процесі ухвалення управлінських рішень, так і оцінювати внутрішні можливості та резерви страховика в умовах ризикового середовища.Визначено сутність, специфічні ознаки і завдання стратегічного контролінгу в діяльності страхової компанії задля забезпечення конкурентних переваг, фінансової стійкості та ефективного її розвитку. З’ясовано інструментальну базу стратегічного контролінгу. Представлено основні елементи оперативного контролінгу та унаочнено основні його інструменти, що використовуються у практичній діяльності страховиків. Акцентовано увагу на основних відмінностях між стратегічним та оперативним контролінгом страховика в розрізі таких позицій, як: цільова спрямованість, часовий горизонт, наявність альтернатив, широта охоплення, напрям роботи, джерельна база, ступінь деталізації, точність оцінокта рівень структуризації проблем.
ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ТІНЬОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ ТА ЇЇ ВПЛИВУ НА СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ РОЗВИТОК
Authors: Гірна Олександра , Карпяк Ілона
Published: February 2020

Тіньова економіка притаманна всім без винятку економічним системам світу. Проте збільшення частки тіньової економіки створює значні перешкоди для зростання в економічній і соціальний сферах, конкурентоспроможності та інтеграції країни в міжнародний економічний простір. Дослідження масштабів тінізації є складним завданням, яке потребує великої кількості різних методів. Це пов’язано з тим, що тіньова економіка має прихований характер і проявляється по-різному залежно від сфери функціонування, що породжує складності оцінювання її частки в національній економіці. Проведено ідентифікацію переваг і недоліків методів оцінювання рівня тіньової економіки та кількісний аналіз чутливості соціально-економічного розвитку національних економік до впливу тіньової економіки. Статистично підтверджено висновок про те, що в розвинутих країнах фіксуються найнижчі рівні тіньової економіки, натомість найбідніші країни мають переважно екстремальні частки тіньового сектору економіки. Кореляційно-регресійний аналіз виявив, що серед показників соціально-економічного розвитку країн одним із найбільш чутливих до негативного впливу рівня тіньової економіки попереднього періоду є сумарний внутрішній кредит у  приватний сектор.
Bar Semente: atrativo turístico e empreendedorismo situado
Authors: Brufato Aline Winckler , Farias Bianca Mara da Costa , Ribeiro Dominique
Published: February 2020

O palco do Bar Semente marcou a revitalização da Lapa, bairro boêmio da zona central da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Nascido na Lapa como um dos marcos de sua revitalização, o Semente priorizou e investiu na música popular independente, incluindo a instrumental, na formação de plateia e no lançamento de novos artistas, projetando internacionalmente sua marca e sua linguagem. Por quase 20 anos de existência (1998 a 2017), nas noites do bar, é possível afirmar que se formou uma geração Semente de músicos, que segue atuando mundo afora. A partir da lógica Effectuation, busca-se, analisar, o caso do empreendedorismo do Semente, o qual levanta questões centrais sobre empreendedorismo situado e gestão de patrimônio (imaterial) musical da cidade. O artigo também reflete sobre as formas de empreender que contrariariam alguns padrões clássicos da atuação empresarial e da estrita racionalidade econômica e novos olhares e posturas, em relação aos negócios na cultura, envolvendo diferentes motivações e objetivos, além de um leque mais amplo de atores. Isso ajuda a explicar por que a Lapa enfrenta, de maneira recorrente, problemas para se manter como roteiro cultural e, como também sempre encontra formas de sobreviver ou renascer. Aprender sobre as lógicas empreendedoras envolvidas num espaço tão intensamente rico culturalmente, talvez, nos permita não repetir os mesmo erros.
Inkjet Oxygen-Sorption Treatment in Local Treatment Purulent Soft Tissue Wounds
Authors: Arkhipov Dmitry Valerievich , Andreev Alexander Alekseevich , Atyakshin Dmitry Andreevich , Glukhov Alexander Anatol'evich , Ostroushko Anton Petrovich
Published: February 2020

Relevance. Traditional treatment of septic wounds of soft tissues often leads to the development of complications, causing more than 30% of deaths after surgery. The oxidative and bacterial components have a key role in the pathogenesis of septic processes. The aim of the study was to develop a method of treatment of septic wounds, based on a combination of jet technologies, oxygenation and sorption therapy, and also to study the effectiveness of its use. Materials and methods. Studies were conducted on 120 white Wistar rats with septic wounds of soft tissue. There were 4 groups: 3 control and 1 experimental. There was no treatment in the 1st control group. Bandages and treatment of the wound with oxygen flow were performed in the 2nd control group. In the 3rd control group, bandages were performed, and the sorbent was applied to the wound surface. In the experimental group, in addition to dressings, jet oxygen-sorption treatment of the wound surface was carried out. The study of the effectiveness of the method was carried out using objective, histological, histochemical, bacteriological and statistical methods. Result. During the jet oxygen-sorption treatment of the wound surface, the disappearance of hyperemia was noted by 23.1%, the end of necrolysis - by 25.7%, the appearance of granulation - by 24.3%, wound epithelization - by 17.0% faster, compared with the data of the 1st control group. Conclusion. Use of the method the jet oxygen-sorption treatment for the treatment of septic wounds of soft tissues reduced the wound area by 1 day by 4.8%, 3 day by 6.7%, to 7-days 19.1% and to 10-day 43.9% compared to the 3rd control group.
RADIOEMBOLIZATION AS A METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF UNRESECTABLE PRIMARY AND METASTATIC LIVER CANCER
(LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Lebedev Dmitry Petrovich , Panchenkov Dmitry Nikolaevich , Ivanov Yuri Viktorovich , Astakhov Dmitry Anatolievich , Zvezdkina Elena Alexandrovna
Published: February 2020

A review of the literature on one of the methods of treatment of unresectable primary and metastatic liver cancer, namely radio embolization, is presented. A detailed description of the procedure for performing radioembolization of the liver vessels, possible complications, indications and contraindications to this method, lists the necessary equipment and tools. Particular attention is paid to the description of the microspheres used in radioembolization. A modern review of clinical studies, including those still unfinished, devoted to the method of radioembolization with unresectable primary and metastatic liver cancer is given.
Mediating Role of Perceived Stress in the Relationship between Facing Existential Issues and Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety
Authors: Besharat Mohammad-Ali , Khadem Hossein , Zarei Vahid , Momtaz Ali
Published: February 2020

Objective: This study aimed at investigating the mediating role of perceived stress in anticipation of anxiety and depression on facing the ultimate concerns (death, loneliness, freedom, and meaningfulness).
Method: A total of 389 students from Ferdowsi University of Mashhad participated in this study in 2017-18. The participants were selected using random sampling. The data were collected using the subscales of anxiety and depression in depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS), Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), the third edition of Loneliness Scale UCLA (UCLA-LS), the subscale of meaning in life in Meaningfulness of Life Questionnaire (MLQ), responsibility scale of California Psychological Inventory (CPI), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Then, they were evaluated using Pearson correlation and path analysis.
Results: The correlation between the symptoms of anxiety and depression, and death anxiety and loneliness was direct and significant with the perceived stress. The relationship between the perceived stress with meaningfulness of life and responsibility was significantly inverse. The analysis of the data path showed that the component dealing with existence (loneliness and death anxiety) predicted 20% of anxiety symptoms through perceived stress in the model that was fitted well with research data.
Conclusion: According to the findings, it can be concluded that the relationship between dealing with ultimate concerns and anxiety symptoms was not linear. Dealing with ultimate concerns affects the anxiety symptoms through the perceived stress. Therefore, attention to the perceived stress management to promote health and prevent anxiety disorders is important.
Impact of Exposure to Environmental Enrichment on the Anxiety-Like Behavior of Ovariectomized Mice
Authors: Briones-Aranda Alfredo , Castellanos-Pérez Manuela , Vega-Villa Victor Manuel , Picazo Ofir
Published: February 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the influence of short-term (2-week) exposure to social (SE) and/or physical enrichment (PE) on the anxiety-like behavior of ovariectomized (OVX) NIH Swiss mice.
Method: One week after surgery, each OVX mouse was housed under one of 4 social conditions: (1) isolated, (2) accompanied by an intact female, (3) accompanied by an intact male, or (4) in a community of 10 OVX individuals. The animals in each of these environments were divided into 2 subgroups, consisting of the presence and absence of PE. Following a 2-week exposure to the respective conditions, each OVX mouse was subjected to either the light/dark exploration test (LDT) or the elevated plus maze (EPM) to examine anxiety-like behavior.
Results: The LDT and EPM showed very similar patterns. Compared to an impoverished environment, PE elicited a significant anxiolytic effect for OVX mice housed alone or in companion of an intact female (F [1, 54] = 16.11, P = 0.001). By contrast, mice living in community but without PE displayed anxiogenic-like behavior, perhaps due to crowding, compared to the animals living in isolation (F [1, 36] = 5.64, P = 0.023).
Conclusion: This study emphasized the importance of taking housing conditions into account during the screening of new anxiolytic agents and the critical role of OVX in the regulation of anxiety.