bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Place attachment mediates links between pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors among visitors to Mt. Bukhan National Park, South Korea
Authors: Yoon Jee In , Lee KangJae “Jerry” , Larson Lincoln R.
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Efforts to understand visitors’ participation in pro-environmental behaviors (PEB) are important for protected area management. Previous research in nature-based recreation settings suggests environmental attitudes may affect PEB, and that these relationships might be mediated by different dimensions of place attachment (place identity and place dependence).

Methods

We used structural equation modeling to test the mediating effect of hikers’ place attachment in the relationship between environmental attitudes and PEBs that occur within (on-site) and outside a protected area (off-site): Mt. Bukhan National Park in South Korea.

Results

Results showed that cognitive (environmental knowledge) and affective (environmental sensitivity) components of environmental attitudes were significant predictors for place attachment. Place identity was linked to off-site PEB, while place dependence was a key antecedent for both off-site and on-site PEBs.

Discussion

Our findings could help researchers and practitioners better understand how place attachment forms and how it can impact outdoor recreationists’ behavior, ultimately helping to promote PEBs and facilitate sustainable management goals.
Evaluation of community knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19: the case of Hawassa city, Sidama, Ethiopia
Authors: Warssamo Birhanu Betela
Published: February 2024

Background

Scientific information on the knowledge and attitude of the community toward the COVID-19 pandemic is a vital step for effective control measures. This study aimed to investigate the level of knowledge and attitude of Hawassa city residents toward COVID-19 and the interaction among knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study with stratified random sampling was used from June 2020 to August 2020. Five hundred and eighty-seven residents were selected for the study, which aimed to evaluate their knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19 using a standardized structured questionnaire. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews that strictly follow the WHO and the Ministry of Health Ethiopia guidelines for COVID-19 prevention. Attitude and knowledge were categorized based on the mean score value. Descriptive statistics and two independent multiple logistic regressions were applied to identify the possible determinants of knowledge and attitude using SPSS version 20 set at 95% CIs with a value of p of <0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results

In total, 61.7% of the participants were knowledgeable about the virus and 65.9% had a positive attitude toward COVID-19. Educational level with the categories of second degree and above (AOR = 29.709, 95% CI = 1.239–712.55), first degree (AOR = 3.476, 95% CI = 3.278–22.02), certificate/diploma (AOR = 1.062–18.24, 95% CI = 1.062–18.24), and grade 12 completed (AOR = 1.903, 95% CI = 2.12–6.809); employment status of respondents who were self-employed (AOR = 9.545, 95% CI = 1.165–78.173) and employed respondents (AOR = 10.053, 95% CI = 1.783–56.673); reading interest with categories always (AOR = 34.45, 95% CI = 26.608–4462.226) and sometimes (AOR = 17.24, 95% CI = 17.213–1661.966); and habit of using social media with categories always (AOR = 38.708, 95% CI = 5.086–294.610) and sometimes (AOR = 3.432, 95% CI = 3.504–23.378) were the significant explanatory variables that were correlated with knowledge of the respondents.

Conclusion

Although the knowledge and attitude of respondents toward COVID-19 were positive, there is a need to use more effective strategies to improve their knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19, and increasing knowledge on preventive behaviors among the community was mandatory to attain better results. The educational level, use of social media, and reading habits of the respondents appear to play significant roles in determining their level of knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19.
Adolescents with type 1 diabetes’ perspectives on digital health interventions to enhance health literacy: a qualitative study
Authors: Naef Aurélia Naoko , Fischbock Nadine , Tezcan-Güntekin Hürrem , Amelung Volker Eric
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Digital health intervention offers the potential to enhance health literacy, which is crucial for effective diabetes management, especially among adolescents. Diabetes is a major global public health issue, leading to devastating complications and increasing mortality rates. The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is also on the rise, particularly among adolescents, necessitating multisectoral strategies to combat this disease. This study explores the perceptions of adolescents with T1DM in Germany regarding digital health interventions, with the aim of improving healthcare by addressing specific needs and guiding future research.

Methodology

This study employed a qualitative approach using semi-structured individual interviews with adolescents with T1DM (n = 20) aged 14 to 18 years old in Germany to explore their perspectives on digital interventions for health literacy promotion. The study adopted content analysis according to Kuckartz et al. and the research followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist. Ethical considerations were paramount and data were rigorously analyzed using coding and iterative processes to ensure data quality and reliability.

Results

The findings indicate that within three prominent domains, namely the utilization of digital health intervention for accessing and comprehending information, facilitating peer-to-peer interactions, and enhancing physician-patient communication and interaction, digital health interventions are either underutilized or insufficiently deployed. In addition, a notable observation is the apparent lack of patient-centered approaches for adolescents with T1DM in relation to digital health interventions and health literacy.

Conclusion

In order to enhance the utilization of digital health interventions and enhance health literacy it is essential to focus on capacity building through a patient-centered approach, to promote digital health literacy, and foster the cultivation of a participatory culture. The outcomes of this study offer valuable insights that can inform practical applications, further research endeavors, and influence policymaking.
Mediating effects of patient safety perception and willingness to participate in patient safety on the relationship between health literacy and patient participation behavior among inpatients
Authors: Won Mi Hwa , Shin Sun-Hwa
Published: February 2024

Introduction

In recent years, patient safety activities have shifted from being centered on healthcare providers to involving patients themselves. Health literacy of inpatients has a direct impact on patient participation behavior. Patient safety perception was also associated with willingness to participate in patient safety and patient participation behavior. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of patient safety perception and willingness to participate in patient safety on the relationship between health literacy and patient participation behavior among inpatients.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted to confirm the relationship between study variables. A total of 262 inpatients were recruited from patients admitted to the ward of a tertiary general hospital between October and November 2023. Participants were invited to complete self-reported questionnaires that measured health literacy, patient safety perception, willingness to participate in patient safety, patient participation behavior, and demographic information. Data were analyzed using a dual mediation model applying the PROCESS macro (Model 6) with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence intervals.

Results

This study analyzed the direct effects of health literacy on patient safety perceptions and patient participation behavior. Health literacy indirectly affected patient participation behavior through patient safety perceptions and willingness to participate in patient safety. Regarding the relationship between health literacy and patient participation behavior, patient safety perceptions and willingness to participate in patient safety showed a significant dual mediating effect.

Conclusions

This study identified the factors that promote patient participation behavior among inpatients. The mediating effect of patient safety perception on the relationship between health literacy and patient participation behavior was found to be strong. Building health literacy among inpatients ensures patient safety by increasing patient safety perceptions.
Regulatory problems and developmental psychopathology within the first 2 years of living—a nested in cohort population-based study
Authors: Ammitzbøll Janni , Olsen Anne Lise , Landorph Susanne , Ritz Christian , Skovgaard Anne Mette
Published: February 2024

Background

Infancy regulatory problems (RP) of sleep, feeding and eating, and excessive crying are thought to play a key role in the development of psychopathology in childhood, but knowledge of the early trajectories is limited.

Objective

To explore RP at ages 8–11 months and the associations with mental health problems at 1½ years, and assess the influences of maternal mental health problems and relationship problems.

Methods

RP was explored in a nested in-cohort sample (N = 416) drawn from a community-based cohort (N = 2,973). Cohort children were examined by community health nurses, using a mental health screening, which included seven items of RP. Follow-up at 1½ years included diagnostic assessment according to the International Classification of Diseases, ICD-10, and the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders in Infancy and Early Childhood: Revised edition, DC:0-3R. Data analyses included logistic regression models and analyses of the mediation effect of maternal mental health and relationship problems.

Results

RP of sleep were associated with a 2-fold increased risk of child mental disorder specifically sleep disorders, adjusted odds ratio (OR) 9.3 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0–42.9], disorders of behavior and emotions, adjusted OR 2.9 (95% CI: 1.0–8.4), and DC:0-3R regulatory disorders, adjusted OR 2.7 (95% CI: 1.0–7.5). Children with RP of feeding and eating showed an increased risk of overall mental disorder, adjusted OR 1.4 (95% CI: 0.7–2.4), and specifically, feeding and eating disorders, adjusted OR 6.0 (95% CI: 1.6–21.7), disorders of behavior and emotions, adjusted OR 2.2 (95% CI: 0.9–5.8), as well as DC:0-3R regulatory disorders, adjusted OR 1.6 (1.0–7.5). RP of emotional regulation were associated with increased risk of any mental disorder, adjusted OR 1.5 (1.0–2.4), and specifically behavioral and emotional disorders, adjusted OR 2.2 (95% CI: 0.9–5.9) and DC:0-3R relationship disorders, adjusted OR 1.8 (95% CI: 0.9–3.8). The mediation effect of maternal mental health problems and relationship problems ranged between 0% and 48%.

Conclusion

RP at ages 8–11 months is associated with increased risk of ICD-10 and DC:0-3R disorders at 1½ years. Study findings highlight a group of vulnerable infants in need of preventive intervention to break the early trajectories of psychopathology.
Complete genome sequences of Rhizobium sp. strain SL42 and Hydrogenophaga sp. strain SL48, microsymbionts of Amphicarpaea bracteata
Authors: Ilangumaran Gayathri , Subramanian Sowmyalakshmi , Smith Donald Lawrence
Published: February 2024

This study comprehensively analyzed two distinct rhizobacterial strains, Rhizobium sp. SL42 and Hydrogenophaga sp. SL48, through whole genome de novo sequencing. Isolated from root nodules of Amphicarpaea bracteata, a native legume related to soybean, they were selected to explore beneficial rhizobacteria from native plant relatives. Utilizing Illumina and Nanopore sequencers and MaSuRCA assembly, their complete genetic information was elucidated. Rhizobium sp. SL42 has a 4.06 Mbp circular chromosome and two plasmids with 60% GC content, while Hydrogenophaga sp. SL48 exhibits a 5.43 Mbp circular chromosome with 65% GC content. Genetic analysis identified them as new species, supported by ANI values (77.72% for SL42 and 83.39% for SL48) below the threshold. The genomic analysis unraveled a plethora of genes encoding diverse metabolic functions, secretion systems for substance transport, quorum sensing for coordination, and biosynthetic gene clusters suggesting the production of bioactive compounds. These functional properties contribute to plant growth stimulation, reflecting the symbiotic relationship of rhizobacteria with plants, potentially involving nitrogen fixation and growth-promoting compounds. This research contributes valuable knowledge about plant-microbe interactions and plant growth promotion by these two strains of rhizobacteria.
Anger at work
Authors: Porat Roni , Levy Paluck Elizabeth
Published: February 2024

What happens when you express anger at work? A large body of work suggests that workers who express anger are judged to be competent and high status, and as a result are rewarded with more status, power, and money. We revisit these claims in four pre-registered, well-powered experiments (N = 3,852), conducted in the US, using the same methods used in previous work. Our findings consistently run counter to the current consensus regarding anger's positive role in obtaining status and power in the workplace. We find that when men and women workers express anger they are sometimes viewed as powerful but they are consistently viewed as less competent. Importantly, we find that angry workers are penalized with lower status compared to workers expressing sadness or no emotions. We explore the reasons for these findings both experimentally and descriptively and find that anger connotes less competence and warmth and that anger expressions at work are perceived as inappropriate, an overreaction, and as a lack of self-control. Moreover, we find that people hold negative attitudes toward workplace anger expressions, citing them as relatively more harmful, foolish, and worthless compared to other emotional expressions. When we further explore beliefs about what can be accomplished by expressing anger at work, we find that promoting one's status isn't one of them. We discuss the theoretical and applied implications of these findings and point to new directions in the study of anger, power, and the workplace.
On variability and detecting unreliable measurements in animal cystometry
Authors: Danziger Zachary C. , Jaskowak Daniel
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Animal cystometry, a process of infusing fluid into the urinary bladder to evoke reflex contractions, is a common way to study the effects of pathology, injury, or experimental therapy on lower urinary tract (LUT) dynamics. By monitoring fluid movement during the cystometric micturition cycle, one can compute important quantities that indicate the health and function of the LUT, such as bladder capacity and voiding efficiency. Unfortunately, volume measurements in these difficult studies are often unpreventably corrupted by noise, leading to uncertainty when estimating key cystometric parameters.

Methods

This work proposes a criterion, based on measurable quantities, that flags micturition cycles in cystometry studies that are likely to contain large measurement errors, potentially allowing experimenters to remove them from analysis to obtain a more accurate summary of LUT dynamics.

Results

We describe the criterion, validate it against experimental data, and use computer simulations to demonstrate its utility.
Real human touch: performer-facilitated touch enhances presence and embodiment in immersive performance
Authors: Desnoyers-Stewart John , Bergamo Meneghini Margherita , Stepanova Ekaterina R. , Riecke Bernhard E.
Published: February 2024

Despite being an embodied medium, virtual reality (VR) prioritizes vision and sound over the other senses. While touch has been demonstrated to foster a sense of presence and embodiment, most haptic research in VR focuses on uncanny vibration motors or limited experiences of touch with simple props. Meanwhile, immersive performances such as Eve 3.0 incorporate performer-facilitated touch in novel ways to evoke a complete and social experience of human touch in VR. In response, we conducted a mixed-methods study to investigate the experience of performer-facilitated touch in a 360° video segment from the immersive performance Eve 3.0. Using a 3 × 2 factorial design, we compared touch from a diary prop and performer in festival and laboratory settings. We found that performer-facilitated touch increased realistic behaviours and questionnaire measures of social presence, embodiment, and tactile realism. The setting also had a significant effect with festival participants demonstrating significantly more behaviours indicating presence, particularly in the no-touch condition. Participant descriptions reveal that in addition to touch, a rich narrative and vivid visuals of social interaction were just as important in immersing participants in the experience and making them feel present. We find that participant experiences are a co-creation situated at the intersection of artefact and context that require a willing suspension of disbelief. The authentic setting and performance artefact afforded a deep understanding of the rich and complex experience of human touch in immersive performance.
Dynamics of soil quality in a conserved landscape in the highland sub humid ecosystem, Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Tebeje Aschalew K. , Abebe Wubneh B. , Hussein Misbah A. , Mhiret Demesew A. , Zimale Fasikaw A. , Desta Gizaw , Assefa Tewodros T. , Tilahun Seifu A. , Ahmed Mohammed A.
Published: February 2024

Several studies have assessed the dynamics of soil quality induced by soil and water conservation (SWC), but many showed disagreement over the efficacy of SWC interventions in the Ethiopian highlands. This study used a before and after soil and water conservation practices (SWCP) comparison approach to evaluate the effect of SWCP on soil quality dynamics. Fifty-four composite and 10 undisturbed soil samples were collected in 2012 (before SWCP) and 2022 (after SWCP). Statistical mean, analysis of variance, and principal component analysis were applied to test the significant differences among treatments. The findings demonstrated that SWCP has significantly improved most of the soil quality indicators such as soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, pH, total porosity, field capacity, and available water, and reduced the value of bulk density and coarse fragments. The interaction effect of landscape position and types of structures provided statistically significant results for soil organic matter, total nitrogen, magnesium, calcium, and base saturation. Soil and stone-faced soil bunds treated at lower landscapes were superior in improving soil quality attributes. The soil quality indexing showed, the overall soil quality improvement as a result of SWCP was about 32.15%. The level of improvement for different SWCPs was 32% for stone faced soil bunds and 33% for soil bunds. The findings revealed that SWCP implementation can improve soil quality. Soil organic matter is a key biological quality component that contributed 25% to the soil quality index and highly impacted soil physicochemical properties. We suggest additional assessment of best and integrated land management practices to ensure further improvement in soil quality, crop productivity, and ecosystem services in the subhumid ecosystems.
Productivity, water use efficiency and soil properties of sugarcane as influenced by trash mulching and irrigation regimes under different planting systems in sandy loam soils
Authors: Kumar Navnit , Sow Sumit , Rana Lalita , Kumar Vipin , Kumar Jyotish , Pramanick Biswajit , Singh A. K. , Alkeridis Lamya Ahmed , Sayed Samy , Gaber Ahmed , Hossain Akbar
Published: February 2024

Introduction

In the era of climate change, sugarcane used to face a problem associated with water shortage due to erratic rainfall patterns and lowered water tables. Improved water use efficiency using innovative crop management strategy is needed for sustainable sugarcane production. Trash mulching with different irrigation regimes can effectively modify the plant's hydrothermal micro-environment for increasing cane yield and water productivity.

Methods

Keeping this in the background, a field experiment was conducted at Sugarcane Research Institute, RPCAU, Pusa, India, from 2016–17 to 2018–19 to investigate the effects of trash mulching and irrigation regimes on sugarcane productivity, water use efficiency (WUE) and soil properties in different planting systems. The field experiment comprised 12 treatments including four planting methods viz. conventional flat planting (CF; 75 cm row spacing) with trash mulching (6 t ha−1), CF planting (75 cm row spacing) without trash mulching (6 t ha−1), paired row trench (PT) planting (30: 120 cm row spacing) with trash mulching (6 t ha−1), PT planting (30: 120 cm row spacing) without trash mulching (6 t ha−1) and three irrigation schedules consisted of irrigation water (IW); cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) ratio of 0.60, 0.80, and 1.00 was laid out in strip plot design with three replications.

Results and discussion

The cane yield (103.5 t ha−1) was found significantly higher in PT planting with trash mulching over the CF planting method with or without mulching. Concerning irrigation regimes using the IW/CPE ratio, it was found that the IW/CPE of 0.6 resulted in 16.9, 13.3% higher water-use efficiency, and 37.1, 40.7% higher water productivity over those under IW/CPE of 0.8, and 1.00, respectively. Furthermore, soil parameters like soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and dehydrogenase activity were increased by 12.5, and 17.5 % due to trash mulching with trench planting as compared to those under conventional flat planting without mulching. The results suggest that planting sugarcane in paired rows and irrigation scheduling at 1.00 IW/CPE with the adoption of trash mulching practices is effective for increasing profitability by way of higher sugarcane productivity and water productivity and also in sustaining soil health.
Eszközfejlesztés a virtuális valóság (VR)-technológia felhasználási lehetőségének bővítésére, az építéshelyi zuhanásbiztonság területén
Authors: Bakai Nándor , Zagorácz Márk Balázs , Rák Olivér , Hillebrand Péter
Published: February 2024

Egy építkezésen a munkabalesetek bekövetkezésének kockázata kiemelten magasnak tekinthető. A technológia fejlődésével számos új eszköz és módszertan jelent meg, mely megoldást jelenthet az említett probléma csökkentésére. Az egyik ilyen technológia lehet a virtuális valóság, mely lehetőséget biztosíthat a munkabiztonság szempontjából releváns feladatok begyakorlásához, a munkavédelmi oktatás biztonságos környezetben történő megtartásához. A kutatásfejlesztés fő célja az volt, hogy létrejöjjön egy olyan eszköz, amely képes összekötni a fizikai térben létező leesésvédelmi eszközöket a virtuális térrel. Jelen tanulmány ismerteti az eszközfejlesztés és az ehhez tartozó kutatás módszertanát, valamint annak eredményeit.
Liftajtók és dekoratív elemeinek védőfóliával való burkolása
Authors: Rezes Gábor , Szigeti Ferenc
Published: February 2024

A mai világban a versenyképesség fenntartása érdekében minden vállalat arra törekszik, hogy a határidők betartásával a lehető legjobb minőségben adják el a termékeiket az ügyfeleiknek. Valamint, hogy ezeket a lehető legolcsóbban gyártsák. Ez nincs máshogy a liftiparban sem. Évente több ezer liftajtót vagy annak dekoratív elemeit gyártjuk a Wittur Hungária Kft.-nél, amelyeknek festett vagy strukturált felületét védőfóliával kell ellátni ezzel is biztosítva, hogy a vevő a tőle elvárt minőségben kapja meg a megrendelt terméket. A gép tervezésének célja a fóliázás gyorsítása és automatizálása, ezzel pedig a termelékenység növelése és a költségek csökkentése. Ezért egy olyan berendezés tervezését tűztük ki célul, amivel a dolgozók munkáját könnyítjük, gyorsíthatjuk, mivel ezt a műveletet jelenleg manuálisan végzik, valamint egy stabil minőséget biztosítunk az emberek lehető legkisebb beavatkozásával.
O wybranych dźwiękonaśladowczych czasownikach związanych z czynnością jedzenia oraz ich nacechowaniu ekspresywnym we współczesnej polszczyźnie
Authors: Mitrenga Barbara
Published: February 2024

This article discusses the topic of echoic verbs related to the act of eating in the context of their expressive nature in contemporary Polish. The author pays attention to verbs that, according to Maciej Mączyński, indicate the “piggish” model of eating (including ciamkać, glamać, mlaskać, siorbać), verifies which of them are noticed in modern general dictionaries of the Polish language with meanings related to food, and analyses the microstructure of the entries, pointing to indications of the expressive nature of the verbs. She refers the conclusions on the contemporary expressive nature of the analysed verbs to the findings of psychologists regarding misophonia. Moreover, she bases them on observing new phenomena and trends on the Internet, including ASMR, mukbangs, and food challenges. The analysis of contexts has shown that the today’s aƫ tude to the sounds made while eating is diff erentiated and determined by biological, cultural, psychological, and social factors.
Helenus and Ajax, Two Groups of Non-Autonomous LTR Retrotransposons, Represent a New Type of Small RNA Gene-Derived Mobile Elements
Authors: Kojima Kenji K.
Published: February 2024

Terminal repeat retrotransposons in miniature (TRIMs) are short non-autonomous long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons found from various eukaryotes. Cassandra is a unique TRIM lineage which contains a 5S rRNA-derived sequence in its LTRs. Here, two new groups of TRIMs, designated Helenus and Ajax, are reported based on bioinformatics analysis and the usage of Repbase. Helenus is found from fungi, animals, and plants, and its LTRs contain a tRNA-like sequence. It includes two LTRs and between them, a primer-binding site (PBS) and polypurine tract (PPT) exist. Fungal and plant Helenus generate 5 bp target site duplications (TSDs) upon integration, while animal Helenus generates 4 bp TSDs. Ajax includes a 5S rRNA-derived sequence in its LTR and is found from two nemertean genomes. Ajax generates 5 bp TSDs upon integration. These results suggest that despite their unique promoters, Helenus and Ajax are TRIMs whose transposition is dependent on autonomous LTR retrotransposon. These TRIMs can originate through an insertion of SINE in an LTR of TRIM. The discovery of Helenus and Ajax suggests the presence of TRIMs with a promoter for RNA polymerase III derived from a small RNA gene, which is here collectively termed TRIMp3.
Adrenalectomy for Metastasis: The Impact of Primary Histology on Survival Outcome
Authors: Ferriero Mariaconsiglia , Iannuzzi Andrea , Bove Alfredo Maria , Tuderti Gabriele , Anceschi Umberto , Misuraca Leonardo , Brassetti Aldo , Mastroianni Riccardo , Guaglianone Salvatore , Leonardo Costantino , Papalia Rocco , Gallucci Michele , Simone Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

Adrenalectomy is commonly considered a curative treatment in case of adrenal gland as site of metastasis. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of primary tumor histology on survival outcomes after a minimally invasive adrenal mastectomy for a solitary metachronous metastasis. From May 2004 to August 2020, we prospectively collected data on minimally invasive adrenalectomies whose pathological examination showed a metastasis. All patients only received metastasectomies that were performed with curative intent, or to achieve non-evidence of disease status. Adjuvant systemic therapy was not administered in any case. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were applied to identify independent predictors of CSS. Out of 235 laparoscopic and robotic adrenalectomies, the pathologic report showed metastases in 60 cases. The primary histologies included 36 (60%) renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 9 (15%) lung cancer, 6 (10%) colon cancer, 4 (6.7%) sarcoma, 3 (5%) melanoma and 2 (3.3%) bladder cancer. RCC displayed significantly longer survival rates with a 5-year CSS of 55.9%, versus 22.8% for other histologies (log-rank p = 0.01). At univariable analysis, disease-free interval (defined as the time from adrenalectomy to evidence of disease progression) < 12 months and histology were predictors of CSS (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001, respectively). At multivariable Cox analysis, the only independent predictor of CSS was primary tumor histology (p = 0.005); patients with adrenal metastasis from colon cancer and bladder cancer showed a 5.3- and 75.5-fold increased risk of cancer death, respectively, compared to patients who had RCC as primary tumor histology. Oncological outcomes of adrenal metastasectomies are strongly influenced by primary tumor histology. A proper discussion of the role of surgery in a multidisciplinary context could provide optimal treatment strategies.
The Bee Communities of Young Living Lavender Farm, Mona, Utah, USA
Authors: Wilson Joseph S. , Young Jacob G. , Wilson Lindsey Topham
Published: February 2024

It is now widely recognized that bees are among the most important pollinators worldwide, yet the bee faunas of many regions and habitats remain inadequately documented. The Great Basin Desert in North America is thought to host some of the richest bee communities in the world, as indicated by several studies documenting diverse bee faunas in the region’s natural habitats. However, limited attention has been given to the bee communities present on agricultural lands within the Great Basin Desert. Here, we describe a rich bee community housed at the Young Living Lavender Farm in Juab County, Utah, near the eastern edge of the Great Basin Desert. Our survey of bees on this farm identified 68 bee species across 22 genera. This represents 34% of the bee species known from the county, including 34 new county records. Among the numerous flower species cultivated at the farm, we found that lavender supported the richest bee community, with 32 species collected from cultivated lavender fields. While lavender is frequently recommended for homeowners to plant in support of pollinators, our study is among the first to provide a list of bee species that visit lavender in western North America. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that agricultural lands, particularly those implementing pollinator-friendly farming practices, can support rich bee communities in the Great Basin Desert.
Impact of COVID-19 Infection on Health-Related Quality of Life in the Japanese Population: A Large Health-Insurance-Based Database Study
Authors: Kobayashi Tomoko , Miyaji Chikara , Habu Hiroshi , Horie Yoshiharu , Takao Soshi
Published: February 2024

Evidence for acute or long-term coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is relatively limited. We aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 infection on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in the Japanese population. Eligible study participants were 13,365 employees and their dependents who answered questionnaires at baseline and 18 months later and who had at least 6 months of continuous enrolment before and after baseline. Of the 711 study participants who developed COVID-19 infection, 29.0% reported a decline in HRQoL, whereas 25.2% of uninfected participants reported a decline. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the association between COVID-19 infection and declines in HRQoL in the age categories of less than 30 years, 30s, 40s, 50s, and 60 years or higher were 0.54 (0.15–1.92), 1.70 (1.03–2.81), 1.14 (0.82–1.57), 1.05 (0.77–1.42), and 0.87 (0.46–1.64), respectively. This study demonstrates a differential association between COVID-19 infection and declines in HRQoL by age group. A 1.7-fold increase in the odds of negative changes in HRQoL was observed in only those in their 30s. Further studies are needed to elucidate differences in the impact of COVID-19 infection on HRQoL between younger people such as those in their 30s and the older population.
Improved Graft Function following Desensitization of Anti-AT1R and Autoantibodies in a Heart Transplant Recipient Negative for Donor-Specific Antibodies with Antibody-Mediated Rejection: A Case Report
Authors: Jung Regina , Ly Kevin , Taniguchi Michiko , Arriola Aileen Grace , Gravante Christopher , Shinn Derek , Mathew Leena , Hamad Eman , Geier Steven , Liacini Abdelhamid
Published: February 2024

HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) pre and post transplant increase the risk of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and lead to poor graft survival. Increasing data exist to support the involvement of non-HLA antibodies in triggering an immunological response. The development of non-HLA antibodies specific for AT1R is associated with poor clinical outcomes in orthotopic heart transplant recipients. This case presents an investigation of non-HLA antibodies in a 56-year-old female heart transplant recipient diagnosed with AMR in the absence of DSAs.
State of the Art and New Trends from the Second International StemNet Meeting
Authors: Ferrero Ivana , Piccinini Filippo , Marrazzo Pasquale , Monti Manuela , Pipino Caterina , Banche Niclot Alessia Santa Giovanna , Proto Camilla Francesca , Ragni Enrico , Hass Ralf , Stella Giulia Maria , Berni Priscilla , Ivanovska Ana , Mareschi Katia
Published: February 2024

The Second International StemNet (Federation of Stem Cell Research Associations) meeting took place on 18–20 October 2023 in Brescia (Italy), with the support of the University of Brescia and the Zooprophylactic Institute of Lombardy and Emilia Romagna. The program of the meeting was articulated in nine sections: (1) Biomedical Communication in Italy: Critical Aspects; (2) StemNet Next Generation Session; (3) Cell-Free Therapies; (4) Tips and Tricks of Research Valorisation; (5) Stem Cells and Cancer; (6) Stem Cells in Veterinary Applications; (7) Stem Cells in Clinical Applications; (8) Organoids and 3D Systems; (9) induced pluripotent stem cells (iPCS) and Gene Therapy. National and International speakers presented their scientific works, inspiring debates and discussions among the attendees. The participation in the meeting was high, especially because of the young researchers who animated all the sessions and the rich poster session.
Brain Plasticity in Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Calderone Andrea , Cardile Davide , De Luca Rosaria , Quartarone Angelo , Corallo Francesco , Calabrò Rocco Salvatore
Published: February 2024

A spinal cord injury (SCI) causes changes in brain structure and brain function due to the direct effects of nerve damage, secondary mechanisms, and long-term effects of the injury, such as paralysis and neuropathic pain (NP). Recovery takes place over weeks to months, which is a time frame well beyond the duration of spinal shock and is the phase in which the spinal cord remains unstimulated below the level of injury and is associated with adaptations occurring throughout the nervous system, often referred to as neuronal plasticity. Such changes occur at different anatomical sites and also at different physiological and molecular biological levels. This review aims to investigate brain plasticity in patients with SCIs and its influence on the rehabilitation process. Studies were identified from an online search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Studies published between 2013 and 2023 were selected. This review has been registered on OSF under (n) 9QP45. We found that neuroplasticity can affect the sensory-motor network, and different protocols or rehabilitation interventions can activate this process in different ways. Exercise rehabilitation training in humans with SCIs can elicit white matter plasticity in the form of increased myelin water content. This review has demonstrated that SCI patients may experience plastic changes either spontaneously or as a result of specific neurorehabilitation training, which may lead to positive outcomes in functional recovery. Clinical and experimental evidence convincingly displays that plasticity occurs in the adult CNS through a variety of events following traumatic or non-traumatic SCI. Furthermore, efficacy-based, pharmacological, and genetic approaches, alone or in combination, are increasingly effective in promoting plasticity.
DNA Double Strand Break and Response Fluorescent Assays: Choices and Interpretation
Authors: Atkinson Jake , Bezak Eva , Le Hien , Kempson Ivan
Published: February 2024

Accurately characterizing DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs) and understanding the DNA damage response (DDR) is crucial for assessing cellular genotoxicity, maintaining genomic integrity, and advancing gene editing technologies. Immunofluorescence-based techniques have proven to be invaluable for quantifying and visualizing DSB repair, providing valuable insights into cellular repair processes. However, the selection of appropriate markers for analysis can be challenging due to the intricate nature of DSB repair mechanisms, often leading to ambiguous interpretations. This comprehensively summarizes the significance of immunofluorescence-based techniques, with their capacity for spatiotemporal visualization, in elucidating complex DDR processes. By evaluating the strengths and limitations of different markers, we identify where they are most relevant chronologically from DSB detection to repair, better contextualizing what each assay represents at a molecular level. This is valuable for identifying biases associated with each assay and facilitates accurate data interpretation. This review aims to improve the precision of DSB quantification, deepen the understanding of DDR processes, assay biases, and pathway choices, and provide practical guidance on marker selection. Each assay offers a unique perspective of the underlying processes, underscoring the need to select markers that are best suited to specific research objectives.
Tannins as Biobased Molecules for Surface Treatments of Flax Wrapped Rovings for Epoxy/Flax Fabrics Biocomposites: Influence on Mechanical Properties through a Multi-Scale Approach
Authors: Tilouche-Guerdelli Khouloud , Lacoste Clément , Perrin Didier , Liotier Pierre-Jacques , Ouagne Pierre , Tirillò Jacopo , Sarasini Fabrizio , Bergeret Anne
Published: February 2024

The present study examined the effect of biobased molecules grafted onto wrapped flax rovings on the mechanical properties of fabrics designed for epoxy-based biocomposites, aiming to optimize fiber/matrix adhesion. Biobased solutions, such as tannins from quebracho, were used to treat wrapped flax rovings in comparison to a non-biobased aminosilane solution used as a reference. The chemical treatment is performed using an innovative lab-scale impregnation line. The influence of the solution concentration has been investigated. SEM-EDX and FT-IR confirmed the grafting efficiency of molecules on wrapped rovings. Plain and 5-harness satin fabrics were then manufactured at lab scale with the resulting functionalized rovings. Tensile tests were carried out on rovings and on fabrics. A concentration of 1% silane is sufficient to improve the mechanical properties of rovings and fabrics. The addition of NaOH to tannins strengthens flax fiber rovings more than tannins alone, and the weave pattern influences mechanical performance.
The Effect of Solution Treatment Duration on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of a Cold-Deformed-by-Rolling Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta-Sn-Fe Alloy
Authors: Cojocaru Vasile Dănuț , Șerban Nicolae , Cojocaru Elisabeta Mirela , Zărnescu-Ivan Nicoleta , Gălbinașu Bogdan Mihai
Published: February 2024

The study presented in this paper is focused on the effect of varying the solution treatment duration on both the microstructural and mechanical properties of a cold-deformed by rolling Ti-30Nb-12Zr-5Ta-2Sn-1.25Fe (wt.%) alloy, referred to as TNZTSF. Cold-crucible induction using the levitation synthesis technique, conducted under an argon-controlled atmosphere, was employed to fabricate the TNZTSF alloy. After synthesis, the alloy underwent cold deformation by rolling, reaching a total deformation degree (total applied thickness reduction) of 60%. Subsequently, a solution treatment was conducted at 850 °C, with varying treatment durations ranging from 2 to 30 min in 2 min increments. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques were utilized for the structural analysis, while the mechanical properties were assessed using both tensile and hardness testing. The findings indicate that (i) in both the cold-deformed-by-rolling and solution-treated states, the TNZTSF alloy exhibits a microstructure consisting of a single β-Ti phase; (ii) in the solution-treated state, the microstructure reveals a rise in the average grain size and a decline in the internal average microstrain as the duration of the solution treatment increases; and (iii) owing to the β-phase stability, a favorable mix of elevated strength and considerable ductility properties can be achieved.
Prediction of the Secondary Arms Spacing Based on Dendrite Tip Kinetics and Cooling Rate
Authors: Sari Ibrahim , Ahmadein Mahmoud , Ataya Sabbah , Hachani Lakhdar , Zaidat Kader , Alrasheedi Nashmi , Wu Menghuai , Kharicha Abdellah
Published: February 2024

Secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) is one of the most important factors affecting macrosegregation and mechanical properties in solidification processes. Predicting SDAS is one of the major parameters in foundry technology. In order to predict the evolution of microstructures during the solidification process, we proposed a simple model which predicted the secondary dendrite arm spacing based solely on the tip velocity (related to the tip supersaturation) and cooling rate. The model consisted of a growing cylinder inside a liquid cylindrical envelope. Two important hypotheses were made: (1) Initially the cylinder radius was assumed to equal the dendrite tip radius and (2) the cylindrical envelope had a fixed radius in the order of the dendrite tip diffusion length. The numerical model was tested against experiments using various Pb–Sn alloys for a fixed temperature gradient. The results were found to be in excellent agreement with experimental measurements in terms of SDAS and dendrite tip velocity prediction. This simple model is naturally destined to be implemented as a sub-grid model in volume-averaging models to predict the local microstructure, which in turn directly controls the mushy zone permeability and macrosegregation phenomena.
Selenium- and/or Zinc-Enriched Egg Diet Improves Oxidative Damage and Regulates Gut Microbiota in D-Gal-Induced Aging Mice
Authors: Liu Qiaocui , Wang Yulin , Wan Yuan , Liang Yu , Tan Yali , Wei Mengya , Hou Tao
Published: February 2024

Eggs, with their high nutritional value, are great carriers for enriching nutrients. In this study, selenium- and/or zinc-enriched eggs (SZE) were obtained and their effects on ameliorating oxidative stress injury, alleviating cognitive impairment, and maintaining intestinal flora balance in a D-gal-induced aging mice model were investigated. As determined by the Y-maze test, SZE restored the learning and memory abilities and increased the Ach level and AChE activity of aging mice (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, supplementation of low-dose SZE increased antioxidant levels and decreased inflammation levels (p < 0.05). High-dose SZE increased anti-inflammatory levels but were less effective than low dose. Additionally, SZE maintained the intestinal flora balance and significantly increased the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota. Blautia, as a probiotic, was negatively correlated with pro-inflammatory factors and positively correlated with antioxidant levels (p < 0.05). These results suggest that SZE might improve organ damage and cognitive function by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response and maintaining healthy gut flora.
2’-Hydroxychalcone Induces Autophagy and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells via the Inhibition of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
Authors: Wang Xiao , Liang Yongjie , Zhang Bohan , He Lixin , Li Wenxuan , Zhang Wenwen , Li Chengzong , Luo Lihong , Umar Talha , Feng Huili , Qiu Changwei
Published: February 2024

2’-Hydroxychalcone is a hydroxyl derivative of chalcones, which are biosynthetic precursors of flavonoids and rich in the human diet. The anticancer activity of 2’-hydroxychalcone has been reported in several cancers but remains to be investigated in breast cancer. In the current study, 2’-hydroxychalcone showed significant cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and CMT-1211. It could inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and suppress tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic investigation revealed that the NF-κB pathway was significantly inhibited by 2’-hydroxychalcone treatment accompanied by an excessive intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species, induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and activation of JNK/MAPK. In addition, 2’-hydroxychalcone elevated the autophagic levels in breast cancer cells equipped with increasing numbers of autophagy vesicles and complete autophagic flux. Finally, autophagy-dependent apoptosis was observed in 2’-hydroxychalcone-induced cell death. In conclusion, 2’-hydroxychalcone enhances the autophagic levels and induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells, which could be contributed to the inhibition of the pro-survival NF-κB signaling, indicating a promising potential for 2’-hydroxychalcone in future anticancer drug development.
Advances in the Application of Black Phosphorus-Based Composite Biomedical Materials in the Field of Tissue Engineering
Authors: Qi Wanying , Zhang Ru , Wang Zaishang , Du Haitao , Zhao Yiwu , Shi Bin , Wang Yi , Wang Xin , Wang Ping
Published: February 2024

Black Phosphorus (BP) is a new semiconductor material with excellent biocompatibility, degradability, and optical and electrophysical properties. A growing number of studies show that BP has high potential applications in the biomedical field. This article aims to systematically review the research progress of BP composite medical materials in the field of tissue engineering, mining BP in bone regeneration, skin repair, nerve repair, inflammation, treatment methods, and the application mechanism. Furthermore, the paper discusses the shortcomings and future recommendations related to the development of BP. These shortcomings include stability, photothermal conversion capacity, preparation process, and other related issues. However, despite these challenges, the utilization of BP-based medical materials holds immense promise in revolutionizing the field of tissue repair.