bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dukungan Keluarga Berpengaruh terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada Pasien Pre Operasi
Authors: Wahyuni Wiwi
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Patients who will undergo surgery will have feelings of anxiety or anxiety such as fear or feelings of restlessness and worry, this anxiety can be seen from family support, namely family members who are active in reducing anxiety levels.
Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between family support and anxiety levels in preoperative patients.
Methods: This study used a quantitative cross-sectional study, the sample in this study was 129 respondents, the instrument in this study used a family support questionnaire and a standardized HARS anxiety level questionnaire. Analysis using Spearman's Rank test.
Results: The results of the univariate study showed that 25.6% of the age group were 26-35 years old, the highest number of females gender was 55% and the type of major surgery was 45.7%. The results obtained were 60.5% high family support and 31.8%. respondents experienced a moderate level of anxiety, then from the bivariate results of family support with a level of anxiety using the Spearman's Rank test with p-value = 0.000, which means p-value <0.05 with a correlation coefficient of 0.420.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between family support and anxiety levels in preoperative patients.
Pola Hidup dan Dukungan Keluarga Berhubungan dengan Rutinitas Hemodialisa pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik
Authors: Utami Novianty
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Kidney disease has a major effect on global health, both as a direct cause of global morbidity and mortality and as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease of the heart and blood vessels. CKD is largely treatable so it deserves greater attention for decision-making for patients and families in undergoing a course of therapy.
Objective: To determine the relationship between lifestyle and family support with routine hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney failure at Ciawi Hospital, Bogor.
Methods: The research design used is a descriptive correlation. The research population was all respondents in Ciawi Hospital, Bogor. By using a total sampling technique of 72 people. The instrument used a questionnaire and the analytical tool used was the Spearman rank correlation.
Results: The results showed that most of the patients with chronic kidney failure who underwent hemodialysis in the Hemodialysis room at the Ciawi Hospital, Bogor were male as many as 38 respondents (52.8%), ages 44-45 as many as 34 respondents (47.2%), SMA education was 46 respondents (63.9%), and occupations with other categories were 27 respondents (37.5%). The pattern of life with routine hemodialysis implementation at Ciawi Hospital Bogor is good for as many as 49 respondents (68.1%) and there is family support for as many as 48 respondents (66.7%) so there is a relationship between lifestyle and family support with hemodialysis routines at Ciawi Hospital, Bogor with P-value = 0.016 and OR 9.4 for lifestyle relationships, while P-value = 0.022 and OR 10.1 for family support.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between lifestyle and family support with the implementation of hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney failure in the Hemodialysis Room of Ciawi Hospital, Bogor Regency. Lifestyle has a greater influence on the suitability of the hemodialysis schedule.
Analisis Kejadian Diare pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanah Sareal Tahun 2021
Authors: Anastakim Syavira , Qisti Dewi Anissa , Putri Elwan Nanda Eka , Fitriana Hafifah , Irayani Salsa Putri
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang: Diare merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi. Berdasarkan data pengunjung kejadian diare pada balita di Puskesmas Tanah Sareal Kota Bogor, pada tahun 2019 terdapat 141 balita yang mengalami diare. Pada tahun 2020 terdapat 107 balita yang mengalami diare. Dan pada tahun 2021 terdapat 21 balita yang mengalami diare.
Tujuan: Untuk mengidentifikasi masalah, prioritas masalah, dan alternatif pemecahan masalah penyebab penyakit diare di wilayah kerja Tanah Sareal.
Metode: Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang berdomisili di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanah Sareal, dengan pengumpulan data sekunder dan kuesioner.
Hasil: Hasil yang diperoleh dari prioritas masalah adalah kurangnya pelaksanaan PHBS bagi pengasuh balita, ASI eksklusif dan sumur petelur. Dari hasil prioritas masalah didapatkan beberapa alternatif pemecahan masalah yaitu memberikan edukasi berupa penyuluhan terkait PHBS, memasang media edukasi seperti poster terkait PHBS bagi balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanah Sareal dan mengadakan pemantauan berkala kejadian diare dan pelaksanaan kegiatan PHBS di lingkungan.
Kesimpulan: Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan bahwa kejadian diare di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tanah Sareal berkaitan erat dengan kejadian PHBS yang buruk, sehingga diperlukan kegiatan lebih lanjut untuk meningkatkan kesadaran pengasuh atau orang tua balita akan pentingnya PHBS.
Perilaku Pencegahan dan Risiko Kejadian Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 pada Usia Produktif di Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2021
Authors: Maspupah Tari , Nina Nina , Siagian Trinita Debora , Pakhpahan Judika , Octavianie Gina
Published: November 2022

Pendahuluan: International Diabetes Federation (IDF) memprediksi peningkatan jumlah penderita diabetes di Indonesia dari 9,1 juta pada tahun 2014 menjadi 14,1 juta pada tahun 2035. Berdasarkan berbagai studi epidemiologi, diabetes mellitus tipe 2 mencakup lebih dari 90% dari semua diabetes populasi. Ada 2 faktor risiko yang dapat menyebabkan Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 yaitu faktor genetik, faktor perilaku (aktivitas fisik, pola makan sehat, perilaku merokok, konsumsi alkohol dan pemeriksaan kesehatan secara rutin).
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perilaku pencegahan dan risiko kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2 pada usia produktif di kabupaten bogor tahun 2021.
Metode: Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 03 Januari sampai 03 Februari 2022 dengan metode kuantitatif. Lokasi penelitian berada di Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat Kabupaten Bogor. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 447 orang. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner yang disebarkan secara online menggunakan google form.
Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 8,1% memiliki risiko genetik diabetes mellitus, faktor perancu dalam mengkonsumsi rokok masih tinggi yaitu 76% dan rendahnya jumlah orang yang melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan rutin hanya 14,7%. Upaya pencegahan dilakukan dengan mengedukasi pentingnya perilaku pencegahan diabetes mellitus sejak dini dengan mulai mengubah pola hidup yang lebih sehat, dengan menerapkan perilaku GERMAS (Gerakan Masyarakat Sehat) untuk menghindari risiko diabetes mellitus.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat 2 faktor resiko penyebab diabetes melitus di kabupaten bogor yaitu faktor genetik dan faktor prilaku GERMAS (aktifitas fisik, pola makan sehat, perilaku merokok, perilaku konsumsi alkohol dan pengecekan kesehatan secara berkala).
Medical School During a Pandemic: A Retrospective Study on U.S. Medical School Reopening Policies
Authors: L. Klein Andrea , J. Muller Daniel , Silverstein Zach
Published: November 2022

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in innumerable unprecedented challenges in the medical education system. Among other factors, personal protective equipment restrictions, contact limitations, and social distancing measures have all significantly altered the structure of undergraduate medical education and have required rapid adaptation to an ever-changing environment. For the majority of institutions, in-person courses and clerkships were halted abruptly in mid-March as schools were forced to transition to a completely virtual learning environment for the remainder of the 2019-2020 academic year. Heading into the 2020-2021 academic year with the knowledge that the COVID-19 pandemic would affect the fall semester at the very least, many medical schools developed plans to reopen in some capacity. Methods The publicly available reopening plans of U.S. MD programs were evaluated at the start of fall semester and at the end of fall semester. Results All schools adopted a version of hybrid medical education, and mask use, social distancing of more than 6 feet at all times, and enhanced disinfection of common areas were universally implemented. 23 of 25 medical schools continued to require that students attend activities like anatomy lab and clinical skills simulations in-person. Every school prohibited clinical students from taking care of patients with a confirmed or suspected diagnosis of COVID-19. Discussion As the pandemic surpasses one year in duration and the undergraduate medical education system concludes its first full pandemic year, this paper focuses on how medical schools have responded thus far to this crisis, where the current data stands in relation to safety of school reopening, and how the structure of undergraduate medical education has been changed forever.
Four additions to Indian Memecylon L. (Melastomataceae) from South India
Authors: Murugan Chidambaram , Gopalan R.
Published: November 2022

Four species of Memecylon L. (Melastomataceae) are first and new distributional records for India. A short description with ecology, flowering and fruiting period, distribution and specimens examined are provided here.
Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal association with some common weeds of mulberry garden
Authors: Singh P. , Chakrabarti S. , Khan M.
Published: November 2022

Eight commonly available weeds in Mulberry gardens of Doon Valley were studied to assess the VAM status. Root infection percentage and spore numbers were worked out. Cyperus rotundus showed highest (45.8%) root infection. Lowest root infection (24.0 %) was found in case of Digitaria sp. On the other hand Digitaria sp. harboured the highest number of spores in its rhizosphere (247 per 50 g of soil) and Alysicarpus vaginalis lowest spores (40 per 50 g of soil). Glomus was the fungus associated with all the plants studied. The mycelia of fungus were seen in all the weeds and vesicles were available in Ageratum conyzoides, Commelina paludosa, Bauhinia retusa, Euphorbia hirta, and Alysicarpus vaginalis. The arbuscles however were found in Ageratum conyzoides, Cyperus rotundus, and Euphorbia hirta only. The species harbouring VAM spores in their rhizosphere in descending order were as Digitaria sp. > Euphorbia hirta >Cyperus rotundus > Bauhinia retusa. These four species can be used as trap plants for multiplication and maintenance of VAM for experimental purposes and multiplication of VAM spores. These plants can easily be propagated as they are found abundantly in this area.
What Should Good Bereavement Support in Palliative Care Look Like?: Findings from workshop group discussions
Authors: Scott Hannah , Sivell Stephanie , Longo Mirella , Seddon Kathy , Fitzgibbon Jim , Nelson Annmarie , Byrne Anthony , Harrop Emily
Published: November 2022

Introduction: There is a lack of consistency in approaches to bereavement support provision and evaluation. This study identified outcomes for adult bereavement support in palliative care, involving a workshop with people from professional and lived experience backgrounds, providing a view on what support interventions should look like.

Aims: The aims of the workshop were to gather stakeholder views on the purpose and impacts of bereavement support and what outcomes should be used in the design and evaluation of bereavement interventions and services. 

Methods: Stakeholders were divided into three groups and asked to identify and discuss how support services should help bereaved service users and what good bereavement support looks like. Key themes were identified from the written and verbal content of the consensus day.

Findings: Three main themes emerged from the data; informal support and self-management; the aims and purpose of formal bereavement service support and the timing, accessibility and quality of support.

Conclusion: Workshop findings align with public health models of bereavement care and recent service standards, identifying core support functions and aspirations for bereavement services. Finding the best mechanisms and modalities for meeting these, in the context of the late/post-pandemic period, presents both challenges and opportunities.
Call for paper -- Jurnal Teologi Amreta Vol. 6 No. 1
Authors: Christianto Victor
Published: November 2022

Call for paper -- Jurnal Teologi Amreta Vol. 6 No. 1
Kajian Deskriptif tentang Stilistika dan Pragmatik
Authors: Panggalo Sakiah
Published: November 2022

Kajian stilistika ini merupakan analisis kekhasan pemakaian bahasa dan pragmatik mempelajari hubungan antara konteks luar bahasa dan maksud tuturan melalui penafsiran terhadap situasi penuturannya. Salah satu yang menjadi tujuan bidang keilmuan ini adalah menerangkandan menjelaskan fungsi sesuatu, dalam hal ini keindahan penggunaan bentuk kebahasaan tertentu dalam sebuah teks dan pragmatikmenyajikan pemakaian bahasa yang memberikan makna ujaran atau tuturan yang dikaitkan dengan konteks, yakni kapan, di mana, dalam kondisi bagaimana, mengapa tuturan itu disampaikan, dan bagaimana cara mewujudkannya serta kepada siapa tuturan itu diberikan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Video Tutorial Pembuatan Kerah dengan Teknik Kait pada Mata Kuliah Cipta Busana
Authors: Yuliarma Yuliarma , Ihsania Nadia
Published: November 2022

Fokus penelitian ini adalah pengembangan media pembelajaran video tutorial pembuatan kerah dengan teknik kait pada mata kuliah cipta busana di Departemen Ilmu Kesejahteraan Keluarga UNP. Maksud pengembangan ini untuk membantu kesulitan mahasiswa dalam pembuatan dan pengaplikasian teknik kait pada kerah busana. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan validasi dan praktikalitas dari media pembelajaran ini. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengembangan (Research and Development). Hasil validasi pengembangan media ini adalah: persentase skor ahli media 1 sebesar 91,53%, persentase skor ahli media 2 sebesar 83,07%, pesentase ahli materi 1 sebesar 86,67%, dan persentase skor ahli materi 2 sebesar 88,33%. Sedangkan hasil persentase praktikalitas pengembangan media ini 87,12%. Jadi dapat disimpulkan media ini layak untuk digunakan dan dikembangkan.
Transformasi Substansi Manajerial Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah: Haruskah Belajar dari Finlandia?
Authors: Daheri Mirzon , Wibowo Risa Agus Teguh , Kuncoro Bagus , Sudarsono Slamet , Salim Nur Agus
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini melakukan pembahasan mengenai transformasi substansi manajerial pendidikan karakter di sekolah dan juga mengkaji bagaimana pola pendidikan karakter yang ada di negara Finlandia, melalui pemahaman secara kontekstual serta tekstual. Berbagai tema menarik dalam riset ini akan dijawab melalui library research atau penelitian kepustakaan. Hasil kajian ini memperlihatkan jika pendidikan karakter termasuk suatu proses habituasi serta intervensi melalui substansi manajerial, baik perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan yang dilakukan secara terus-menerus, secara sadar dan terintegrasi. Temuan lain dalam penelitian ini terkait pola pendidikan karakter di Finlandia di mana Pendidikan di Finlandia dalam pembelajarannya lebih mengutamakan tahapan-tahapan tertentu. Pada pendidikan dasar yang diutamakan adalah pembentukan karakter, baru setelah karakter terbentuk, ilmu pengetahuan dasar diberikan. Pada tingkat menengah, tujuan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran lebih mengutamakan pada kemampuan kerjasama, kolaborasi hingga pemecahan masalah. Pada pendidikan menengah peserta didik di Finlandia lebih fokus kepada ilmu dan kemampuan yang nantinya memiliki prospek ke masa depan dan bermanfaat baik dari segi ekonomi, politik, maupun sosial.
The Students’ Perception toward TOEFL Test (a Study on Cognitive Component)
Authors: Rahmi Silfia
Published: November 2022

The current study aims at investigating the students perception on cognitive component toward TOEFL test at IAIN Batusangkar.  This research used a mixed method. The participants of this research were 373 (three hundred and seventy three) students who graduated at IAIN Batusangkar in July 2020 for getting quantitative data. Meanwhile, there were 37 (thirty seven) students participated on getting qualitative data. The instruments used to collect the data was questionnaire together with interview guide. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed based on formula suggested by Heaton and Djemari and Arikunto. Meanwhile, the data got from interview guide were analyzed based on the theory suggested by Miles and Huberman. The research findings indicate that most of students have strongly positive perception on cognitive component toward TOEFL test at IAIN Batuangkar. It was 76,47 %. Then, there were two common reasons why the students have positive perception on cognitive component toward TOEFL test. Thus, it can be concluded that the regulation of providing TOEFL test is useful and be good to be continued by UPB since there was positive opinion of students’ toward TOEFL test. However, it will be required to give the training to help them to get the better score since the low ability they have. A good opinion is only one of the factors to get the better score.
Serum Vitamin-D Levels And Severity Of Clinical Depression In Patients Of A Psychiatric Clinic in Pakistan
Authors: Ul Haq Mian Mukhtar , Ul Haq Mian Ayaz , Durrani Talha , Humayun Omama , Ullah Imran , Durrani Daniyal
Published: November 2022

Vitamin D deficiency is often correlated with nervous system disorders like major depression, Parkinson’s disease and dementia. While much of the clinical literature suggests its association with clinical depression, very few studies have looked into the relationship between vitamin D levels and clinical depression severity. Objectives: To find out the association between vitamin D levels in patients suffering from different severities of clinical depression with the confounding socio-cultural factors of a third-world country i.e., Pakistan. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar for five months with convenience sampling. Results: Overall, the study had 132 (36.57%) males and 229 (63.43%) females, and 236 diagnosed cases of Clinical Depression. In terms of Vitamin D levels, 242 (67.04%) had deficient, while 77 (21.33%) and 42 (11.63%) had insufficient and normal vitamin D levels, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the serum Vitamin D levels between at least two groups (F (3,232) = [38.64], p < 0.05). Conclusions: Vitamin D levels showed a dose-dependent, inverse relation with the severity of clinical depression in the Pakistani population
Variations in Gonadal Steroids in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Toxicants at Automobile Workshops and Petrol Filling Stations
Authors: Javed Bilal , Amir Iqbal Muhammad , Ahmad Shaaf , Ahmad Husna , Roohi Nabila
Published: November 2022

The most at risk for occupational toxicity brought on by exposure to heavy metals and PAHs among various vocations are gas station attendants and auto workers. The gonadal and its regulating hormonal pattern were identified in the current investigation in gas station attendants and car employees. Objective: This study's goal is to ascertain the impact of various occupational toxicants on the ovarian health of gasoline station attendants (PPA) and car technicians (AMM). Gonadal steroids and the hormones that control them were examined for this reason and their relationship to gonadal function was established. Methods: For this, blood samples from 19 gas station attendants and 29 auto mechanics were obtained from various gas stations and car shops, respectively. The University of the Punjab in Lahore provided the blood samples for the 24 controls. Using commercially available ELISA kits, the levels of serum estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone were examined. The significance of changes was evaluated using the one-way ANOVA test. Results: When compared to the control group, there was a little decrease in the levels of estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone among fuel station attendants and car employees. Conclusions: Pertinently, reduced reproductive and their regulatory hormonal levels predispose future risk of manifesting reproductive health issues.
Biochemical Effects of Oral Contraceptive Pills on Serum Bilirubin, Creatinine and Antioxidants System Among Females
Authors: Jamil Muhammad , Iqbal Butt Muhammad Zafar , Khan Shahzaman , Ahmad Jan Aftab , Amanat Ali Sumaiya , Khan Alamgir , Selamoglu Zeliha , Ali Soomro Javed , Rehman Ata Ur
Published: November 2022

Both estrogens and progestogens antifertility agents are used by huge number of females. Excessive use of antifertility agents caused toxic effects on body systems. Liver play its key role in the metabolic process of these toxic antifertility agents. Objective: To examine the biochemical effects of oral contraceptive pills on serum bilirubin, creatinine and antioxidants system among females. Methods: Participants of the study were categorized in to two groups i.e. control group (CG) (female using no contraceptive pills) and experimental group (EG) (females using contraceptive pills). Five (05) ml of blood was collected from each subject by vein cut and an expendable syringe. All blood samples were marked with separate identification code or mark. Ferric reducing assay protocol (FRAP) was applied for measuring oxidative stress and liver functions test (LFTs) was performed for measuring serum bilirubin and creatinine. Results: The collected data were tabulated and were analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage etc. through the application of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, version-26.0). Conclusions: Based on analysis the researcher draws the conclusion that oral contraceptive pills (OCP) have significant effect on serum bilirubin (p-value was 0.004), serum creatinine (p-value 0.023) and oxidative stress (p-value 0.002).
Maternal and Neonatal Outcome of Women Having Decreased Fetal Movements in The Third Trimester of Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nama Naseeb , Ramzan Shazia , Umer Arain Sana , Kasi Nadira , Bala Madhu , Mahar Tahmina
Published: November 2022

Every year, 2.6 million newborns are stillborn throughout the world. Objective: To determine the obstetric and neonatal outcomes among women presenting with reduced fetal movements in the third trimester of pregnancy. Methods:  The pregnant women were in the low as well as a high-risk category. The pregnant women were advised to count 3 times a day post-meal or use the Count to 10 techniques to track their fetal movements in the third-trimester phase. The antenatal presentation was documented, blood pressure was taken, and a comprehensive BPP was performed All perinatal outcomes were documented, involving both pregnancies that continued as well as deliveries that occurred at a later gestational age. Results: A total of 110 pregnant women with reduced fetal movement (RFM) were taken as a part of this research.  The average age was 35 years. A total of 56 were from the high-risk category while 54 were from the low-risk category. Out of 49% (n= 54) women, 15 women were more sensitive to the subjective experience of RFM due to factors such as an anterior placenta, overweight, as well as increased maternal stress. Out of 56 high-risk category women, 15 women revealed an abnormality in the volume of liquor. While on the other hand, out of 54 low-risk category women, 8 showed less prevalence of abnormal liquor volume. Conclusions: High-risk pregnancies accounted for a considerable percentage of individuals having RFM. Comparing the high-risk category with the low-risk category reveals that the rising incidence of stillbirth as well as low BPP were present at the time pregnant women were admitted.
A Clinical Audit of Patients Suffering from an Acute Attack of Asthma Attending Emergency Department at Al-Nafees Medical College and Hospital Islamabad
Authors: Ali Talal , Rahim Mubashir , Majeed Muhammad Azhar , Sabir Waleed , Ullah Naimat , Hamza Muhammad
Published: November 2022

Asthma has been considered historically a major chronic illness faced by human beings with recurrent attacks of breathlessness and expiratory wheezes especially in children and an old ages. Objective: To determine the pattern of patients suffering from an acute attack of asthma and being managed by the emergency departments. Methods: A prospective study conducted at Al-Nafees Medical College and hospital in emergency department on patients suffering from an acute attack of Asthma from May 2022 to September 2022. 300 patients were selected through convenience sampling and followed for three steps management. Results: On arrival 250 patients received PEFR with 162 measured before bronchodilation, 285 had oxygen saturation greater than 92%, 264 were assessed for SaO2 on room air, 255 responded well with a SaO2 overcrossing 92%. PEFR was measured after nebulization in 168 patients while both pre and post PEFR assessment was done in 27 .3 % patients Seventy eight received β2agonists by nebulizer. Intravenous theophylline was given to 52 patients, while corticosteroids were given to 44 patients as an initial treatment, 35 patients received IV fluids as a 1st line of management for an acute attack. Mechanical ventilation was used in 2 cases only. Supplemental oxygen was given to 14 without SpO2 while with SpO2 in 12 cases. Antibiotics were used in 16 cases and mucolytic in 6 only. IV corticosteroids were given in 14 cases and anxiolytics in only 4 cases. Conclusions: Overall emergency services at Al-Nafees medical college and hospital for patients’ management with acute asthmatic attack were satisfactory.
Comparison of the oral health status of type-1 Diabetes Mellitus and healthy children: A comparative study
Authors: Nasim Hina , Khan Safi Ullah , Iqbal Ayousha , Tareen Jawad , Asghar Hira , Haider Nighat
Published: November 2022

Being a chronic systemic disease type-1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) affect both physical health and oral health of an individual. As a dentist, a thorough comprehension of the pathology, clinical manifestations, and therapy of orofacial diseases in DM patients is necessary to provide the best care possible to the patients. Objective: The purpose of this study was to observe the impact of type-1 DM on dental health. Methods: A questionnaire-based study was conducted on 264 subjects (132 type-1 DM children, 132 healthy children) attending Children’s hospital PIMS, Islamabad. The oral health status of type-1 DM and healthy children was compared using WHO oral health assessment form for children and Fox’s questionnaire was used. Comparisons between the oral health status of type-1 DM children with healthy children was done by Mann-Whitney U test. A comparison of oral health status among Type-1 DM children based on glycemic control was done by one-way ANOVA test. Results: Females were in majority in both groups as compared to males. The frequency of oral diseases was more in type-1 DM children as compared to healthy children. A significant statistical difference p < 0.005 was found between the oral health status of both groups. Based on glycemic control among type-1 DM children, there was no significant statistical difference found for DMFT, halitosis, and xerostomia however, there was a significant statistical difference found for BOP and mucosal lesion. Conclusions: Type-1 DM children are more prone to developing oral diseases as compared to healthy children.
Features of the Development of a Mobile Application for Cardiac Patients
Authors: Turgambayeva Assiya , Kulbayeva Shynar , Sadibekova Zhanat , Tursynbekova Anar , Sarsenbayeva Gulzat , Zhanaliyeva Marina , Zhakupova Tolkyn
Published: November 2022

Background: An important global public health problem in many economically developed countries, in particular in Kazakhstan, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD), both in urban and rural areas. Objective: This study aims to develop the design of a mobile application for smartphones for cardiac patients, taking into account the specifics of outpatient care. Methods: This methodological study includes identified educational and prevention content for CVD patients to develop an education and monitoring tool using a smartphone app. The application was developed according to the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation, which is a systematic training model of design. The levels of satisfaction with the developed application for smartphones among 65 outpatients with CVD were assessed using a questionnaire during their visit to a medical organization. Results: The «My Heart» smartphone app was developed based on a review of the literature related to educating patients with CVD, consulting specialists, monitoring and searching for medical smartphone applications that are already available. The content of education and registration includes three main sections, containing basic questions on registration and monitoring of the condition, materials on education and prevention of CVD, such as a daily questionnaire and nutritional advice. After modification based on expert feedback, the application was finally developed and evaluated by patients who reported being satisfied with the usefulness of the application. Conclusions: This application is developed as a research tool to further conduct a study in CVD patients. Current evaluation was a pilot testing wherein this application showed promising results.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Biomechanical Effects of Axial Loading on the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Sehic Adnan , Julardzija Fuad , Bulja Deniz , Jusufbegovic Merim , Konjo Hadzan , Sefo Haso , Zubovic Sandra
Published: November 2022

Background: MRI techniques of the lumbar spine have not provided data on the effect of gravity on the spine and on the relationship of anatomic structures during its action. Because conventional MRI examinations of the spine are usually performed in the supine position these are often exacerbated by standing upright and are not evident in the supine position the loading conditions differ from those known to cause symptoms in patients with lumbar instability. Axial loading imaging may improve diagnostics in the clinical management of LBP and lead to appropriate treatment decisions. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the significance of alMRI in detecting the morphologic changes of the lumbar spine caused by axial loading and to compare it with conventional MRI images of the lumbar spine without loading. Methods: The study was conducted as a prospective, descriptive clinical trial. Imaging was performed with a MRI 1.5 T in the head-first supine position. Imaging was performed in two acts: without load and under load. Loading for alMRI was performed with the DynaWell L-Spine device. The onset of loading was 10 minutes before the start of alMRI. The loading continued throughout the imaging procedure. The height of the IV, AP and LL diameters of IV, IV disk surface area, DSCA and width of the IV foraminas before and under load was measured. Results: After evaluating the changes in the height and size of the lumbar disks, the size of the DSCA, and the narrowing of the intervertebral foramina significant differences were found between the images before and after axial loading. Conclusion alMRI provides information on morphological changes of all segments of the lumbar spine. This data represents significant information that can lead to more accurate and effective treatment of LBP.
Polymeric nanoparticle of Ebastine: Formulation, Characterization and in vitro Evaluation
Authors: Ali Hajer , Rajab Nawal
Published: November 2022

The main aim of this research work was the development and evaluation of polymeric nanoparticle for the bioavailability improvement of Ebastine (EBT) to treat allergic condition. EBT is a piperidine derivative that binds preferentially to peripheral H1 receptors and is a long-acting, non-sedating second-generation histamine receptor antagonist. It is practically insoluble in water (class II, according to BCS). This work aims to formulate and adjust Ebastine polymeric nanoparticles to improve the EBT solubility as well as dissolution rate. For the synthesis of PNPs, the solvent evaporation technique was used, and three different types of stabilizer that used (HPMC E5, Soluplus, tween 80). The particle size analysis indicated that the optimized formula EBT 9 had a reduced nanoparticulate size of 42 nm, with a 90 percent increase in in-vitro dissolution profile compared to 17 percent for the comparison Ebastine powder in 0.1 N HCl media (pH 1.2). As a result, polymeric nanoparticles formulation of weakly water soluble EBS greatly improved the drug's dissolving rate and increased its solubility.
Perioperative Outcomes of Endoscopic versus Open Operation in the Treatment of Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Zhen , Yi Lili , Wang Yongkun , Zhou Changxin , Sun Shanping , Yao Yuming , Lv Qiang , Fang Jugao
Published: November 2022

Objective: Hyperparathyroidism can cause multiple organs damage, which is characterized by diversity and systemic. At present, there are mainly drug treatment and surgical treatment, among which surgical treatment has the highest cure rate. Surgical treatment mainly includes endoscopic and open surgery in clinical. This article systematically reviewed previously published trials on the two surgical methods, and provided an updated meta-analysis of the perioperative outcomes of different surgical methods on hyperparathyroidism.
Methods: We searched 7 online databases home and abroad retrieval time till 3 February, 2021. We studied the influence of endoscopic and open surgery on the perioperative outcome of hyperparathyroidism. Data were processed with RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0. The methodological quality assessment of non-randomized clinical trials used risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. The cochrane collaboration's tool for assessing bias risk was used to assess the quality of the included randomized controlled studies. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume and hospital stay were examined. Two authors exchanged and checked the extraction tables, and resolved any inconsistencies by discussing.
Results: A total of 4 studies were included, including 124 patients and 246 controls. The combined results of random-effect model: WMD (95% CI)=-12.96 minutes (-43.47, 17.54) , P=0.40. Similarly, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume and hospital stay also showed significant heterogeneity (I2>50%), but the combined results were statistically significant. Meta-analysis results of the three indicators (WMD (95%CI)) were as follows: -10.59 (-15.64, -5.54) mL, P<0.001; -11.69 (-19.65, -3.73) mL, P=0.004; -1.02 (-1.88, -0.16) days, P=0.02. In addition to the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume and hospital stay of the intervention group were significantly lower than the control group.
Conclusions: This paper concluded that endoscopic surgery showed certain advantages over open surgery in the treatment of hyperparathyroidism by performed the meta-analysis of clinical studies on the treatment of hyperparathyroidism, which the finding could provide theoretical guidance for clinical practice.
Treatment of Cervical Leiomyoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Pramana Cipta , Mangiri Lia , Yesisca Yesisca , Chendra Lanny
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Uterine cervical fibroids are rare, accounting for about 5% of all myomas. Compared to myomas in general, cervical fibroids are located close to other organs such as the bladder, ureters, and rectum, so they require careful consideration in choosing the best surgical procedure.
Case Presentation: A woman 40 years old comes to the gynecology outpatient clinic at the hospital with complaints vaginal bleeding and pain pelvis as well as difficulty defecating. Palpable abdominal examination results in mass congested as high as two fingers on symphysis. On examination, the vaginal, portion cervix is difficult to rate because there is a mass solid that is in the vagina part top. CT scan shows an existing mass in the cervix uteri measuring 7.57 cm × 7.6 cm × 7.95 cm. Cervical myoma diagnosis has then done laparotomy myomectomy next hysterectomy. Choice laparotomy because mass cervical large pressing myoma biological bladder and rectum so that difficult done laparoscopy.
Conclusion: It has been reported cases of cervical myomas that have done laparotomy myomectomy and hysterectomy. No there are complications during and after surgery
The Combination of CDK 4/6 Inhibitors plus Endocrine Treatment versus Endocrine Treatment Alone in Hormone-receptor (HR)-Positive breast Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hermansyah Dedy , Firsty Naufal , Alhudawy Muhammad , Nasution Raja
Published: November 2022

Background: The identification of the novel targeted therapy i.e., cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 4/6 inhibitor as combined with the endocrine regimen revealed a considerable capability to increase the managements’ effectivity of hormone-receptor-positive (HR+) and HER2- breast cancer (BC). Objective: This study aims to compare the latter combination strategies versus hormonal therapy alone to determine its applicability in the treatment of HR+/HER2- BC. Methods: We established the review based on the clinical trials as collected from several scientific databases from January 2011 to April 2021. RevMan 5.4 was utilized in statistical analysis and risk of bias (RoB) measurement. 5110 participants from 9 different trials were included in this review with similar baseline characteristics. Results: According to our analysis of the intention-to-treat (ITT) group, CDK 4/6 inhibitor arms exhibited better overall response rate (ORR) as indicated by the relative risk (RR) (randomized-effect model (REM), 1.59 [1.37, 1.86]; 95% confidence interval (CI); P <0.00001) and higher clinical benefit rate (CBR) (RR, 1.22 [1.13, 1.32]; 95% CI; REM; P <0.00001). The combination regiment also proved to be effective in reducing the rate of progressive disease (PD) in the ITT group (RR 0.46 [0.39, 0.54]; CI 95%; FEM; P <0.00001. Although the rate of adverse effects especially the hematological reactions was significantly lower in the endocrine alone arm, other system reactions were fairly comparable. Conclusion: The introduction of CDK 4/6 inhibitor to the endocrine-based regiment is proved beneficial to patients with HR+/HER2- BC even though the most recommended anti-hormonal to be combined remains questionable.
Efficacy of Autologous Blood Clot in Primary Pterygium Surgery Compared With Suture Technique in a Tertiary Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors:   Glaucoma Department, Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh, Iqbal Md Iftekher , Osman Fariah ,   Ispahani Islamia Eye Institute and Hospital, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh, Kabir Md Firoz ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, 57 K. B. Fazlul Kader Road, Chattogram-4203, Bangladesh, Parvez S. M. Masud ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, 57 K. B. Fazlul Kader Road, Chattogram-4203, Bangladesh
Published: November 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy among patients undergoing pterygium excision and conjunctival autograft utilizing autologous blood or sutures. Methods: A randomized controlled trial of 1 year and 5 months, with 60 eyes from 60 patients having primary nasal pterygium. As indicated by inclusion criteria, they were chosen and randomized into two arms for conjunctival autograft: treated arm A (30) with autologous blood and arm B (30) with stitches (10-0 monofilament nylon). Preoperative and postoperative results were assessed and analyzed statistically. Follow-up was done at first, seventh, 1-month, 3-month, and half-year postoperative days. Resulting factors were total surgical time, postoperative comfort, graft stability, and recurrence. Results: 60 patients; mean age of 46.77 ± 7.04 (SD) in arm A (30) and 46.17±7.53 (SD) in arm B (30). In arm A, 22 males (73.3%) and 8 females (26.7%) where arm B had 20 males (66.7%) and 10 females (33.3%). Total surgical time in arm A was 24.73 ± 3.69 (SD) minutes and in arm B was 32.23 ± 4.59 (SD) minutes (p < 0.001). Follow-up at the 1st and 7th POD showed significant discomfort in arm B (mean ranks 41.82 and 40.62) compared to arm A (mean ranks 19.18 and 20.38), respectively (p < 0.001). At 1st POD, only 3 (10%) graft retractions in arm A. Within 6 months of follow-up, all grafts were stable; 1 (3.3%) recurrence and 1 (3.3%) granuloma in arm B only. Conclusion: In primary pterygium surgery, autologous blood showed excellent postoperative results with no recurrence and reduced surgical time. So, it seems to be an effective surgical means to treat primary pterygium.
Strengthening Institutions Recipient of Compulsory Reporting Against the Prevalence of Drug Abusers in Lampung Province
Authors: Jainah Zainab Ompu , B. Erlina , Seftiniara Intan Nurina , Safitri Melisa , Dunan Hendri
Published: November 2022

The Recipient Institution of Compulsory Reporting opens the way for the government to eradicate drugs and cure the victims of drug abusers. Even so, socialization is felt to be lacking in society. People still view that victims of drug abuse are criminals and those who use drugs have a very big disgrace if they are known by their families and the surrounding community. The problems in this study are: How to strengthen the institution receiving the obligation to report on the prevalence of drug abusers in the province of Lampung? and What are the obstacles faced by recipient institutions that are required to report the prevalence of drug abusers? The research method used is a normative and empirical juridical approach. The results of the discussion in this study are the strengthening of reporting institutions on the prevalence of drug abusers in Lampung Province, including reporting drug abusers to mandatory reporting recipient institutions. After receiving mandatory reporting, a team of doctors consisting of doctors and psychologists conducts an assessment of narcotics abusers. The second process is the mechanism for implementing the rehabilitation through the Reporting Recipient Institution. Furthermore, addicts are tested urine (urinalysis) to detect the presence/absence of narcotics in the body of narcotics abusers. Provision of basic counseling is intended to increase patient motivation. The next stage is a re-evaluation which is intended to ensure that narcotics abusers are indeed using drugs or not. Narcotics addicts who have undergone mandatory reporting (shown by having an IPWL card) will not be legally processed. Constraints faced by recipient institutions are required to report on the prevalence of drug abusers in Lampung Province, including those related to regulatory policy constraints, socialization policies, coordination policies, human and institutional resources and management.
Using English Discourse Markers to Enhance Speaking Skills: A Case Study at Van Lang University
Authors: Truong Phu Sy
Published: November 2022

Vietnamese learners of English have paid little attention to English discourse markers (DMs) although DMs play a significant role in the speech of native English speakers. Furthermore, few studies of DMs used by Vietnamese learners have been carried out. This research aims at identifying the participants’ perceptions of making use of DMs in conversational English and the ways they apply DMs in English conversations as the initial stage to prepare them for a plan of action that could fill the research gap. By means of audio recordings and questionnaires conducted in an English major class of 30 first-year students at Van Lang University (VLU), this research discovers that most of the participants acknowledge the vital roles of DMs in conversational English, such as facilitating general communication and indicating the speaker’s attitude. The research also finds that a plurality of the students is very limited in their use of DMs when making conversations. Therefore, as a recommendation, speaking courses should include DMs instructions. These results make a contribution to more studies on how to instruct DMs in conversational English so that the English-speaking skills of the students at VLU could be enhanced.
Mango Growers’ Compliance with Public Good Agricultural Practices Standard: A Comparative Study in Northern Thailand
Authors: Amekawa Yuichiro , Tiyayon Chantalak , Treewannakul Panamas , Sawarng Nootchakarn
Published: November 2022

This study investigated the effectiveness of Thailand’s public good agricultural practices certification initiative (Q-GAP) in improving export-oriented mango farmers’ awareness and practices relating to food safety and quality assurance. Two groups of certified farmers in Northern Thailand (one from Chiang Mai Province and the other from Phitsanulok Province), comprising a total of 96 samples, were surveyed for comparative analysis. Many items of the comparison showed no significant differences between the two groups of farmers (specifically, the use of synthetic pesticides and non-synthetic pest control methods, record-keeping, and agrochemical safety and handling practices). One significant difference worth mentioning was related to the farmers’ ability to link the goal of the Q-GAP policy to food safety assurance; when compared to Phitsanulok, approximately 35% more farmers in Chiang Mai demonstrated such an understanding. This contradicted the more experience and days of training on Q-GAP the farmers in Phitsanulok had in comparison to those in Chiang Mai. Moreover, the rates of understanding in both areas were significantly lower than those identified in previous Q-GAP studies of less export-oriented crops. The export-oriented mango farmers might be trained to regard Q-GAP certification as a type of license to export their mango produce, rather than as a tool to improve their food safety and quality assurance.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior towards Green Banking using TPB Model
Authors: Islam Zohaib
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this research paper is to analyze the factors which are affecting consumer behavior towards green banking. Alternatively, the research focuses on how customer’s attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control can play their role in the use and promotion of green banking. To analyze the data, this research paper follows the positivism philosophy therefore a quantitative approach is used to examine the problem by circulating a questionnaire among 263 people who are selected by using purposive sampling technique as the target audience was those people who have Bank account in Pakistan. The findings of this study support the previous results of the theory of planned behavior. Consumer attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control have a high effect on consumer intention to use green banking which shows that bank consumers in Pakistan are willing to use technology-driven banking practices if they are available. The result also supports past studies on attitude towards the adoption of internet and mobile banking in Pakistan. Our research can be helpful in developing an effective marketing strategy for the adoption of green banking. This study will help the government and marketers to create awareness regarding the benefits of using technology-driven eco-friendly banking practices so that consumers can learn about internet banking and start using it.