bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEĞER AKIŞ HARİTALAMA ve FMEA YÖNTEMLERİ KULLANILARAK TEKSTİL SEKTÖRÜNDE YALIN ÜRETİM UYGULAMASI
Authors: BİLİCİ Sema , KOSANOĞLU Fuat
Published: February 2021

Kurumlar her geçen gün zorlaşan piyasa koşullarında değer yaratabilmek ve hayatta kalabilmek için faaliyet gösterdikleri sektörlere göre yeni çözümler üretmelidirler. İhtiyaç duyulan iyileştirme çalışmalarının başlayabilmesi için problemlerin ortaya çıkış sebeplerinin tanımlanması gerekir. Değer akış haritalama (VSM), mevcut sistemin performansını ortaya koymak ve analiz etmek için veri toplanmasını içeren ve üretim sürecini planlamaya yönelik bir yalın üretim aracıdır. Bu çalışma, bir tekstil fabrikasında değer akış haritalama yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenen darboğazların yalın üretim uygulamalarıyla iyileştirme yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bunun için ilk olarak her bir istasyon incelenerek birçok problem tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonrasında Hata Türü ve Etkileri Analizi (FMEA) yöntemi ile bulunan hatalar arasında değerlendirilme yapılmış olup en yüksek puana sahip olan üç hata mevcut durum üzerinde haritalandırılmıştır. Değer akışı yöntemi ile takt zamanlar ve çevrim zamanları ortaya çıkarıldıktan sonra firmanın rekabet gücünü artırmak için olası iyileştirmeler tartışılarak gelecek durum üzerinde tekrar FMEA yöntemi uygulanarak değerlendirmede bulunulmuştur.
Email and the Everyday
Authors: Milne Esther
Published: February 2021

An exploration of how email is experienced, understood, and materially structured as a practice spanning our everyday domestic and work lives.

Despite its many obituaries, email is not dead. As a global mode of business and personal communication, email outstrips newer technologies of online interaction; it is deeply embedded in our everyday lives. And yet—perhaps because the ubiquity of email has obscured its study—this is the first scholarly book devoted to email as a key historical, social, and commercial site of digital communication in our everyday lives. In Email and the Everyday, Esther Milne examines how email is experienced, understood, and materially structured as a practice spanning the domestic and institutional spaces of daily life.

Email experiences range from the routine and banal to the surprising and shocking. Drawing on interviews and online surveys, Milne focuses on both the material and the symbolic properties of email. She maps the development of email as a technology and as an industry; considers institutional uses of email, including “bureaucratic intensity” of workplace email and the continuing vibrancy of email groups; and examines what happens when private emails end up in public archives, discussing the Enron email dataset and Hillary Clinton's infamous private server. Finally, Milne explores the creative possibilities of email, connecting eighteenth-century epistolary novels to contemporary “email novels,” discussing the vernacular expression of ASCII art and mail art, and examining email works by Carl Steadman, Miranda July, and others.
Heterogeneity of murine periosteum progenitors involved in fracture healing
Authors: Matthews Brya G , Novak Sanja , Sbrana Francesca V , Funnell Jessica L , Cao Ye , Buckels Emma J , Grcevic Danka , Kalajzic Ivo
Published: February 2021

The periosteum is the major source of cells involved in fracture healing. We sought to characterize progenitor cells and their contribution to bone fracture healing. The periosteum is highly enriched with progenitor cells, including Sca1+ cells, fibroblast colony-forming units, and label-retaining cells compared to the endosteum and bone marrow. Using lineage tracing, we demonstrate that alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) identifies long-term, slow-cycling, self-renewing osteochondroprogenitors in the adult periosteum that are functionally important for bone formation during fracture healing. In addition, Col2.3CreER-labeled osteoblast cells contribute around 10% of osteoblasts but no chondrocytes in fracture calluses. Most periosteal osteochondroprogenitors following fracture can be targeted by αSMACreER. Previously identified skeletal stem cell populations were common in periosteum but contained high proportions of mature osteoblasts. We have demonstrated that the periosteum is highly enriched with skeletal progenitor cells, and there is heterogeneity in the populations of cells that contribute to mature lineages during periosteal fracture healing.
Improved lipidomic profile mediates the effects of adherence to healthy lifestyles on coronary heart disease
Authors: Si Jiahui , Li Jiachen , Yu Canqing , Guo Yu , Bian Zheng , Millwood Iona , Yang Ling , Walters Robin , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Yin Li , Chen Jianwei , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Li Liming , Liang Liming , Lv Jun
Published: February 2021

Adherence to healthy lifestyles is associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but uncertainty persists about the underlying lipid pathway. In a case–control study of 4681 participants nested in the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank, 61 lipidomic markers in baseline plasma were measured by targeted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Baseline lifestyles included smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary habit, physical activity, and adiposity levels. Genetic instrument was used to mimic the lipid-lowering effect of statins. We found that 35 lipid metabolites showed statistically significant mediation effects in the pathway from healthy lifestyles to CHD reduction, including very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles and their cholesterol, large-sized high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle and its cholesterol, and triglyceride in almost all lipoprotein subfractions. The statins genetic score was associated with reduced intermediate- and low-density lipoprotein, but weak or no association with VLDL and HDL. Lifestyle interventions and statins may improve different components of the lipid profile.
Epidemiological transition to mortality and refracture following an initial fracture
Authors: Ho-Le Thao Phuong , Tran Thach S , Bliuc Dana , Pham Hanh M , Frost Steven A , Center Jacqueline R , Eisman John A , Nguyen Tuan V
Published: February 2021

This study sought to redefine the concept of fracture risk that includes refracture and mortality, and to transform the risk into "skeletal age". We analysed data obtained from 3521 women and men aged 60 years and older, whose fracture incidence, mortality, and bone mineral density (BMD) have been monitored since 1989. During the 20-year follow-up period, among 632 women and 184 men with a first incident fracture, the risk of sustaining a second fracture was higher in women (36%) than in men (22%), but mortality risk was higher in men (41%) than in women (25%). The increased risk of mortality was not only present with an initial fracture, but was accelerated with refractures. Key predictors of post-fracture mortality were male gender (hazard ratio [HR] 2.4; 95% CI, 1.79–3.21), advancing age (HR 1.67; 1.53–1.83), and lower femoral neck BMD (HR 1.16; 1.01–1.33). A 70-year-old man with a fracture is predicted to have a skeletal age of 75. These results were incorporated into a prediction model to aid patient-doctor discussion about fracture vulnerability and treatment decisions.
Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of improving erect-plant-type peanut yield by single-seeding precision sowing
Authors: Yang Sha , Zhang Jialei , Geng Yun , Tang Zhaohui , Wang Jianguo , Guo Feng , Meng Jingjing , Wang Quan , Wan Shubo , Li Xinguo
Published: February 2021

Background

In China, double-seed (DS) sowing (i.e., sowing two seeds per hole) has been conventionally performed towards the erect-plant-type peanuts to increase the low germination rate due to poor seed preservation conditions. However, the corresponding within-hole plant competition usually limits the subsequent plant growth and the final yield. We developed a high-yield cultivation system of single-seed (SS) precision sowing to solve this paradox, saving 20% of seeds and increasing yields by more than 10% relative to the conventional DS sowing.

Methods

To explore the mechanisms of these two different cropping patterns in peanut yields, we conducted transcriptomic and physiological comparisons in the seeding plant leaf and root tissues between SS precision sowing and standard DS sowing treatments.

Results

After assembly, each library contained an average of 43 million reads and generated a total of 523,800, 338 clean reads. After GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, we found the key genes for biotic and abiotic stress showed higher expression in roots of plants grown under the SS precision sowing treatment, including genes encoding disease resistance, oxidation-reduction, hormone related, and stress response transcription factors and signaling regulation proteins. In particular, the resveratrol synthesis genes related to stress and disease resistance appeared induced in roots under the SS sowing treatment.

Conclusion

These data indicated that Aspergillus flavus resistance and stress tolerance in roots under SS precision sowing were enhanced compared with roots under the DS sowing treatment. This work benefits the development of underground pods and thus increasing peanut yields.
It’s all about time: precision and accuracy of Emotiv event-marking for ERP research
Authors: Williams Nikolas S. , McArthur Genevieve M. , Badcock Nicholas A.
Published: February 2021

Background

The use of consumer-grade electroencephalography (EEG) systems for research purposes has become more prevalent. In event-related potential (ERP) research, it is critical that these systems have precise and accurate timing. The aim of the current study was to investigate the timing reliability of event-marking solutions used with Emotiv commercial EEG systems.

Method

We conducted three experiments. In Experiment 1 we established a jitter threshold (i.e. the point at which jitter made an event-marking method unreliable). To do this, we introduced statistical noise to the temporal position of event-marks of a pre-existing ERP dataset (recorded with a research-grade system, Neuroscan SynAmps2 at 1,000 Hz using parallel-port event-marking) and calculated the level at which the waveform peaks differed statistically from the original waveform. In Experiment 2 we established a method to identify ‘true’ events (i.e. when an event should appear in the EEG data). We did this by inserting 1,000 events into Neuroscan data using a custom-built event-marking system, the ‘Airmarker’, which marks events by triggering voltage spikes in two EEG channels. We used the lag between Airmarker events and events generated by Neuroscan as a reference for comparisons in Experiment 3. In Experiment 3 we measured the precision and accuracy of three types of Emotiv event-marking by generating 1,000 events, 1 s apart. We measured precision as the variability (standard deviation in ms) of Emotiv events and accuracy as the mean difference between Emotiv events and true events. The three triggering methods we tested were: (1) Parallel-port-generated TTL triggers; (2) Arduino-generated TTL triggers; and (3) Serial-port triggers. In Methods 1 and 2 we used an auxiliary device, Emotiv Extender, to incorporate triggers into the EEG data. We tested these event-marking methods across three configurations of Emotiv EEG systems: (1) Emotiv EPOC+ sampling at 128 Hz; (2) Emotiv EPOC+ sampling at 256 Hz; and (3) Emotiv EPOC Flex sampling at 128 Hz.

Results

In Experiment 1 we found that the smaller P1 and N1 peaks were attenuated at lower levels of jitter relative to the larger P2 peak (21 ms, 16 ms, and 45 ms for P1, N1, and P2, respectively). In Experiment 2, we found an average lag of 30.96 ms for Airmarker events relative to Neuroscan events. In Experiment 3, we found some lag in all configurations. However, all configurations exhibited precision of less than a single sample, with serial-port-marking the most precise when paired with EPOC+ sampling at 256 Hz.

Conclusion

All Emotiv event-marking methods and configurations that we tested were precise enough for ERP research as the precision of each method would provide ERP waveforms statistically equivalent to a research-standard system. Though all systems exhibited some level of inaccuracy, researchers could easily account for these during data processing.
Synopsis of EcuadorianPterichis(Orchidaceae)
Authors: Kolanowska Marta , Szlachetko Dariusz L. , Nowak Sławomir
Published: February 2021

A taxonomic synopsis of the orchid genusPterichisin Ecuador is presented. All national representatives of this genus are characterized and their floral segments are illustrated. Four new species and two new varieties are described. An updated key to EcuadorianPterichisis provided. Plants of the genus are growing mostly as terrestrial herbs at the altitude of 2,300–4,110 m. Often two or more species co-occur in the area of 25 × 25 km. Their occurrence was reported from three ecoregions—the Eastern Cordillera real montane forests, the Northern Andean páramo and the Northwestern Andean montane forests. Seven EcuadorianPterichisare endemic.
University EFL Students’ Perceptions toward Globalization of English and its Effect on their Pragmatic Competence
Authors: M. Abu Al-Sha'r Awatif
Published: February 2021

This study highlights EFL university students’ perceptions toward using English as a global language and on its effect on their pragmatic competence through using global English approach. The rationale of conducting this study stemmed from the incredible involvement of this generation into technological innovations via English. The participants 66 undergraduate students were randomly selected from the English Language Department at Al-al-Bayt University in Jordan during the second semester in2019/2020. They were divided into two groups: Experimental 35  and control 31.Two instruments were developed: A questionnaire of 37 items, to measure the degree of the participants’ attitudes toward global English, and a pre-posttest to check the effect of global English approach on the students' pragmatic competence. Validity of the two instruments was ascertained. The results revealed that the students’ attitudes toward using global English were highly appreciated. The findings embedded that there were statistically significant differences at (a=0.05) between the aspects of pragmatic competence of complementing from one side and between expressing opinion and offering help from the other side in favor of complementing. It was also proved that there were statistically significant differences at (a=0.05) between the aspects of complaining from one side and between expressing opinion and offering help from the other side in favor of complaining. These results could be attributed to the effect of using global English approach. The researcher suggested some relevant recommendations.
Adapting “MOVE” to Accelerate VMMC Coverage for HIV Prevention in Priority Populations: Implementation Experiences from Uganda’s Military Settings
Authors: Nyanzi A. , Lugada E. , Bwayo D. , Kasujja V. , Wamundu C. , Kak N. , Almossawi H. , Akao J. , Obangaber L. , Rwegyema T. , Mwenyango H. , Kinuthia F. K. , Lawoko S. , Kikaire B. , Seruwagi G.
Published: February 2021

This paper describes the WHO’s Model of Optimizing Volumes and Efficiencies (MOVE), adapted by the University Research Council (URC) - Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP) to rapidly scale up Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) within Uganda’s military health facilities. First, we examine the MOVE model and then present the URC-DHAPP adapted intervention package comprising of: a) a Command-driven approach, b) Mobile theatres c) Quality assurance d) Data strengthening and reflection. To expand VMMC, URC-DHAPP worked with army commanders to create awareness, mobilize their troops and surgeons were assigned daily targets. The mobile theatre involved regular visits to hard-to-reach outposts and placing several mobile camps at health facilities close to deployment sites. All stakeholders were briefed on performance trends of previous medical camps and the program was monitored through VMMC camp reports. URC-DHAPP registered an exponential increase in VMMC coverage from 13% performance at Q2 to over 140% in Q4. The integrated approach led to circumcision of over 22,000 men (15-49 years) in a record four months. Our approach also contributed to health system strengthening and national HIV preventiontargets. We conclude that the MOVE is cost-effective and can be successfully scaled up in resource-limited settings with a high HIV burden when implemented with cognizance of contextual specificities.
Reliability Analysis of Boost Converters Connected to a Solar Panel Using a Markov Approach
Authors: Muktiadji Rifqi Firmansyah , Rushdi Ali Muhammad
Published: February 2021

In the past few decades, the energy shortage and global warming problems became a serious concern for humanity. To solve these problems, many countries have evolved renewable energy sources (RESs) such as solar, wind, hydro, tidal, geothermal, and biomass energy sources. Solar energy is usually harvested via a solar panel that is connected to a boost converter to supply the loads. The converter has a key role in the system, since it controls the voltage at the DC bus. If any accidental fault occurs in the converter, the solar panel cannot supply electricity to the loads. Therefore, reliability evaluation of the converter is usually warranted. In this study, reliability evaluation of boost converters connected to a solar panel is carried out using the Markov technique. This technique is widely employed to evaluate the reliability and availability of a system with fixed failure and repair rates. Using the Markov method, we found that the reliability of the typical specific converter considered is 0.9986 for and that its life expectancy or Mean-Time-To-Failure (MTTF) is .
Effects of Climate Variability on Crop Yield and its Implications for Smallholder Farmers and Precision Agriculture in Guinea Savanna of Nigeria
Authors: Sule I. M. , Ibrahim I. , Mayaki J. , Saidu S.
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to examine the effects of climate variability on annual crop yield at smallholder farmers’ level in the Guinea Savanna Region of Nigeria, using Niger State as a case study.  Climate data (rainfall and maximum temperature) for a period of 38 years (1971-2008) was acquired from National Cereals Research Institute, Bida and Nigeria Meteorological Agency, while crop yield data was acquired from Niger State Agricultural Mechanization Development Authority (NAMDA). Focused Group Discussions (FGDs) were undertaken in 18 communities in six local government areas in Niger State spread across the three agricultural zones in the State to validate the impact of climate change and variability. The climate data was analyzed with the aid of charts. Results showed a generally rising trend in both temperature and rainfall across the State. It shows that rainfall is not only more variable, but its onset and cessation patterns have shifted and its occurrence very inconsistent. Linear relationships between climatic variables and the major crops showed moderate to strong positive and negative relationships. However, when crop yields were regressed with the climate variables, only maize (.032), bambara groundnut (.029) and groundnut (.007) were very significant at .05 confidence level (95%). The policy implication of this finding is the need to provide the farmers with local climate information and the need for vigorous pursuance of the development of high yield crop varieties better suited to changing climate conditions in the Guinea Savanna ecological zone by research institutes and other relevant agencies.
GENERATIONAL DIVERSITY, PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AMONG EMPLOYEES OF CORPORATE CONSULTANCIES
Authors: Verasamy Purani , Abdul Majid Abdul Halim , Jamaluddin Noor Asma
Published: February 2021

The main objective of this paper was to examine relationships of generational diversity, personal attributes (i.e., work values; attitudes and behavior; and interpersonal skills) on organizational commitment among employees of corporate consultancies. The research framework contained four independent variables which were generational diversity, work values, attitude and behavior, and interpersonal skills. Meanwhile the dependent variable was organizational commitment (i.e., affective, continuance and normative). The survey was conducted among employees of 15 corporate consultancies in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 436 questionnaires were distributed and 241 questionnaires were returned which represented a response rate of 55.27%. Statistical Package software for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24.0 was used to analyze the data. One-Way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to test the hypothesis. It was found that there was a significant difference among the three generations of workforce (i.e., Baby Boomers, generation X and generation Y) on organizational commitment (affective, continuance and normative). Further, the Pearson correlation coefficient revealed that there were significant relationships between work values, attitude and behavior, and interpersonal skills of the three generations (Baby Boomers, generation X and generation Y) towards organizational commitment (affective, continuance and normative).
Queixas de tontura em indivíduos com hipotireoidismo congênito em idade escolar e suas implicações nas habilidades acadêmicas e comunicativas
Authors: Jesus Elen Pereira de , Andrade Caio Leônidas Oliveira de , Alves Crésio De Aragão Dantas
Published: February 2021

Introdução: o hipotireoidismo congênito (HC) pode causar danos nas estruturas do sistema vestibular ocasionando sintomas de tontura que pode acarretar em implicações nas habilidades linguísticas e acadêmicas dos indivíduos. Objetivo: verificar a ocorrência de queixas de tontura em crianças com HC e as suas implicações nos aspectos comunicativos e desempenho acadêmico por meio de uma entrevista estruturada com os cuidadores. Metodologia: estudo exploratório de caráter descritivo, seccional, realizado no município de Salvador, sendo incluídos crianças de ambos os sexos, com diagnóstico de hipotireoidismo congênito e idade entre 5 a 10 anos. Os dados foram coletados entre 2014 a 2018 em um Serviço de Referência em Triagem Neonatal no Estado da Bahia. Para avaliar as variáveis qualitativas foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado e para as variáveis quantitativas foi utilizado o teste t-student, adotando nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: os indivíduos com disgenesia apresentaram uma frequência de 64% de queixas relacionadas a tontura. Verificou-se uma frequência considerável de dificuldade nas competências de escrita e com perfil comunicativo de maior relevância para a habilidade de conversação por meio de frases curtas. Conclusão: os achados sugerem que a presença de queixas de tontura nos os indivíduos com HC pode predispor a insucessos nos aspectos acadêmicos e comunicativos.
Influência do diabetes mellitus na qualidade de vida de indivíduos com migrânea vestibular
Authors: Canto e Sousa Júlia , Nóbrega da Costa Ana Caline , Canto de Sousa Maria da Glória
Published: February 2021

Introdução: qualidade de vida refere-se à percepção de um indivíduo sobre o seu estado físico, emocional e social. No âmbito físico, pode ser impactada negativamente por condições como migrânea vestibular e diabetes mellitus (DM). Objetivo: descrever a qualidade de vida em pacientes com migrânea vestibular, com e sem DM. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, retrospectivo e secundário, realizado com pacientes com migrânea vestibular, atendidos em uma clínica-escola de Salvador-BA. Foram coletados dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, incluindo o autorrelato de DM. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada por meio do Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), cuja pontuação foi classificada, quanto ao grau de incapacidade, em “leve” (0 a 30 pontos); “moderado” (31 a 60 pontos) e “severo” (61 a 100 pontos). Foram realizados procedimentos estatísticos descritivos por frequência simples e absoluta, medidas de tendência central e dispersão. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 41 indivíduos, dotados das seguintes características: a idade média foi 42,46 anos (DP = 13,83), predominância do sexo feminino (87,80%), com diabetes (51,21%), com ansiedade (58,54%) e sem depressão (90,24%). A pontuação média do DHI foi de 47,26 pontos (DP = 21,81), classificada como impacto moderado, sendo maior entre os não diabéticos, porém a ansiedade predominou entre os não diabéticos (60%). Conclusões: pacientes com migrânea vestibular apresentaram prejuízo de grau moderado na qualidade de vida, e a presença de diabetes não ocasionou um pior impacto nesse parâmetro. Além disso, a presença de ansiedade foi mais prevalente entre os não diabéticos e pode ter refletido na pior pontuação no DHI observada nesse grupo
QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE GASES DE EFEITO ESTUFA EM ATERRO SANITÁRIO NO MUNICÍPIO DE CUIABÁ
Authors: Pinto Jr Osvaldo Borges , Lima Ana Eveline Mendonça Mourato
Published: February 2021

A disposição do lixo no Brasil, onde o uso de “lixões” ainda é muito comum, é um dos graves problemas ambientais. A emissão de gases produzidos pela decomposição anaeróbia da matéria orgânica pode ser uma ameaça ao ambiente local causando danos à vegetação, gerando odores desagradáveis, oferecendo ainda riscos de explosão. Este estudo objetivou avaliar as emissões de dióxido de carbono (CO2) e metano (CH4) no Aterro Sanitário no Município de Cuiabá, utilizando câmaras estáticas. Avaliou três pontos de amostragem com diferentes tempos de deposição de resíduos. Os valores anuais de CO2 foram: no ponto A (deposição recente), 19,02 μg CO2 m-2 h-1; no ponto B (deposição intermediária), 4,36 μg CO2 m-2 h-1 e, no ponto C (deposição com maior tempo), 2,59 μg CO2 m-2 h-1. A concentração de CH4 no ponto A foi 3,89 μg CH4 m-2 h-1 e 0,12 e 0,25 μg CH4 m-2 h-1 nos pontos B e C, respectivamente. Os resultados de CO2 e CH4 tiveram comportamentos semelhantes, houve aumento das concentrações. O estudo concluiu que fluxo de gases é dependente do tempo de deposição de resíduos e que, de acordo com esse tempo de deposição, a compactação do solo atua como limitador na emissão de GEE.

 

QUANTIFICATION OF GREENHOUSE GASES IN LANDFILL IN CUIABÁ CITY

The disposal of garbage in Brazil is one of the serious environmental problems where the use of "dumps" is still very common. The emission of gases produced by the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter can be a threat to the local environment, causing damage to vegetation, generating unpleasant odors, also offering risks of explosion. This study objective evaluated emissions of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Methane (CH4) in landfill in the Cuiabá city, using static chambers. Three sampling points under different waste deposition times were evaluated. The annual flow of CO2 at point A (recent deposition) was 19.02 μg CO2 m-2 h-1, at point B (intermediate), it was 4.36 μg CO2 m-2 h-1, and at point C (deposition with longer time) was 2.59 μg CO2 m-2 h-1. The concentration of CH4 at point A was 3.89 μg CH4 m-2 h- and 0.12 and 0.25 μg CH4 m-2 h-1 respectively at points B and C. The results of CO2 and CH4, have similar behavior, occurring increase of concentrations. It concluded that gas flow is dependent on the time of waste deposition, and according to the time of deposition, the soil compaction performances as a limiting factor in GHG emissions.
A função dos cortes epistemológicos da realidade para a criação da pós-verdade e manipulação de massas: elementos a partir da miséria da razão
Authors: Lima Átila De Menezes
Published: February 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca de como os cortes epistemológicos da realidade, ou seja, a negação da mesma enquanto totalidade, podem servir como estratégias políticas e econômicas da direita para legitimar suas práxis, sobretudo na conjuntura de crise do capital, contribuindo com a ascensão da miséria da razão. Desta forma os cortes epistemológicos criam uma realidade parcial e manipulada pelo intelecto subjetivista, negando a objetividade concreta dos fatos, fazendo com que surjam manipulações de massas a partir da criação do descrédito da razão, da criação da pós-verdade e tentativas de reescrever a história.
Engels e o “Socialismo Jurídico”: apontamentos para uma crítica do Direito
Authors: Sousa Wesley Rodrigues , Coelho Henrique Leão
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo tratará do pensamento de Friedrich Engels acerca do Direito. Parte-se do pressuposto que as relações jurídicas existentes no capitalismo são intrínsecas à forma social existente. Para tanto, analisa-se seu referencial teórico, especialmente o “Socialismo Jurídico”. Percebe-se também como suas contribuições aos debates posteriores no que se refere ao marxismo e a teoria do Direito se mostram relevantes para a práxis de esquerda. Ainda que breve, o recurso trata-se de enfoque que elencamos das fundamentais contribuições engelsianas no campo jurídico capitalista sejam notáveis. Portanto, com devido rigor textual analítico, um resultado que capte as premissas essenciais na crítica socialista do Direito, para alcance conclusivo quanto à atualidade dessa crítica.
O jovem Engels: vida e obra
Authors: Dantas da Costa Jales
Published: February 2021

Resumo: O presente artigo analisa a trajetória de vida e obra do jovem Engels. A seu modo, ele também passou por um complexo processo de amadurecimento intelectual e de práxis revolucionária até libertar-se por completo de suas concepções idealistas, adotar definitivamente uma posição materialista e de defesa do comunismo proletário. A tarefa de reconstrução histórica se faz mais do que oportuna neste ano de 2020, não apenas pelas comemorações em torno do bicentenário de seu nascimento, mas também pela necessidade de resgatar sua memória histórica, seus muitos ensinamentos e seu resoluto compromisso desde a mais tenra juventude em enterrar toda a iniquidade e a barbárie produzidas pelo modo de produção capitalista.   
Resenha: Horacio Tarcus - La biblia del proletariado. Traductores y editores de El Capital en el mundo hispanohablante
Authors: Petronzelli Daniel Lucio
Published: February 2021

O presente trabalho é uma resenha do livro La biblia del proletariado. Traductores y editores de El Capital en el mundo hispanohablante, de Horacio Tarcus. Tendo como fio condutor a série das diferentes traduções de O Capital para a língua espanhola, a exposição assinala, seguindo as indicações do mencionado intelectual argentino, para as diversas personagens que compõem essa história: intelectuais, editores, casas editoriais, partidos e movimentos políticos. A história das traduções de O Capital é, sobretudo, uma história política e social.   

Palavras-chave: Karl Marx; O Capital; História política e social; Recepção; Língua espanhola.

 
O materialismo histórico
Authors: Coggiola Osvaldo Luis Angel
Published: February 2021

A crítica social moderna teve como precondição a evidenciação das contradições da sociedade burguesa. O método de análise marxiano foi denominado materialismo histórico; suas conclusões foram elaboradas em paralelo à sua formulação Sem a formulação desse fundamento, a crítica ao capitalismo não poderia propor uma alternativa. Seu núcleo se constituiu a partir da premissa de que os homens produzem a si mesmos à medida que produzem socialmente as condições de suas vidas.
Circo e esporte: transição de carreira e capital corporal
Authors: Ribeiro Camila Da Silva , Bortoleto Marco Antonio Coelho , Rigo Luiz Carlos
Published: February 2021

O esporte moderno e o circo, como fenômenos culturais presentes na sociedade contemporânea, constituem-se objetos de estudo na maioria dos casos analisados separadamente, embora alguns estudos salientem os entrelaçamentos e as aproximações existentes entre eles. Neste sentido, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar alguns componentes que constituem a cotidianidade de artistas e de atletas, que aproximam o Circo do Esporte Moderno. A metodologia da pesquisa pautou-se pelos princípios da História Oral e o corpus empírico do estudo constituiu-se por um conjunto de cinco depoimentos orais. Concluiu-se que há uma série de componentes que aproximam o Circo do Esporte Moderno. E, para alguns pós-atletas, o Circo representa uma possibilidade de reconversão de suas carreiras de atletas em artistas circenses.
INFLUÊNCIA DAS CONEXÕES POLÍTICAS NO CUSTO DE FINANCIAMENTO DA DÍVIDA DAS COMPANHIAS ABERTAS LISTADAS NA B3
Authors: Moura Geovanne Dias de , Pletsch Aline Luiza Brusco , Mazzioni Sady , Salla Neusa Maria Gonçalves , Zanin Antonio
Published: February 2021

O estudo verificou a influência das conexões políticas no custo de financiamento da dívida de companhias abertas listadas na B3. Realizou-se pesquisa descritiva, quantitativa e documental, com consulta aos Formulários de Referência, banco de dados Economática, website do TSE e Asclaras. O custo da dívida foi analisado pela razão entre as despesas financeiras e o passivo oneroso. Para conexões políticas foram utilizadas três variáveis: (1) dummy para doações às campanhas eleitorais; (2) dummy para participação acionária direta ou indireta do governo na estrutura de propriedade das empresas; (3) dummy para doações às campanhas eleitorais ou participação acionária do governo. Os resultados indicaram que as médias do custo do endividamento eram estatisticamente inferiores, na maioria dos anos, somente no grupo de empresas que realizaram doações às campanhas eleitorais. A análise multivariada confirmou que as conexões políticas por meio de doações para campanhas eleitorais influenciavam para a redução do custo da dívida.
Holding e os Processos de Sucessão Familiar e de Planejamento Tributário no Segmento de Cafeicultura
Authors: Rocha Charles Silva , Santos Geovane Camilo , Santos Dryelle Laiana de Jesus Silva dos
Published: February 2021

O agronegócio é considerado o motor da economia brasileira, seja pela sua participação no Produto Interno Bruto (PIB), seja pela geração de emprego e renda. Especificamente, um dos setores com destaque é a cafeicultura, o qual tem característica predominantemente familiar. Contudo, no agronegócio, a sucessão diretiva devido à falta de planejamento adequado é um problema que pode colocar em risco a continuidade do negócio, além de onerar os aspectos tributários. Estudos que analisem o processo de sucessão familiar e o impacto do planejamento tributário mediante o uso de holding ainda são carentes no Brasil. Em razão disso, esta pesquisa vem preencher essa lacuna, visto que este trabalho verifica a viabilidade da utilização de uma empresa holding para facilitar o processo sucessório e a obtenção de elisão fiscal em um grupo de cafeicultores mineiros. Os dados foram coletados das projeções orçamentárias cedidas pelos empreendedores, de 2016 a 2022. As análises revelaram que a holding pode ser útil ao planejamento sucessório, pois separa as relações pessoais familiares das profissionais. Sob a ótica tributária, o melhor regime é pessoa física tributada com base no livro caixa conforme carga tributária efetiva.
A Constituição da Escola Normal no Ginásio de Jequié-Ba (1954-1966): Um pouco de sua História
Authors: Gonçalves da Silva Marly , Cassia Lando Janice
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo reporta-se à constituição da Escola Normal no Ginásio de Jequié, que foi cenário principal da pesquisa desenvolvida em nível de mestrado, sintetizada neste texto. A investigação, de forma geral, focalizou o Curso Pedagógico implantado nesse Ginásio e por meio de documentos localizados em seu Arquivo e dos depoentes encontrados, foi possível analisar, além da constituição da Escola Normal, que Matemática esteve presente na formação de professores do Curso Pedagógico nessa instituição, no período de 1954 a 1966, entretanto, aqui centramos nossa atenção para uma história do Ginásio e seus aspectos culturais em face de outras possíveis, fundamentados na história cultural a partir de Roger Chartier. Destacamos que o Ginásio de Jequié era uma entidade privada e foi o primeiro a ofertar o ensino secundário bem como a pôr em desenvolvimento a Escola Normal no município.
Criação de emojis: as invenções juvenis de si em uma inspiração Sociopoética
Authors: Pereira da Costa Douglas
Published: February 2021

O estudo objetivou analisar os sentidos representativos das identidades juvenis impressos em emojis produzidos artisticamente por alunos de Ensino Médio de uma instituição escolar pública federal de Valença do Piauí durante a realização de uma oficina inspirada na Sociopoética e em respostas ao tema gerador O eu. Os emojis são elementos comunicativos e anunciativos de representações dos sujeitos em funções discursivas e subjetivas em redes sociais, assim, firmam-se como elementos símbolos da juventude. Os pensamentos teóricos de Moro (2016), Paiva (2016) e Brito (2008) interligados às inspirações sociopoetas, a exemplo, Gauthier (2015, 2016), Adad (2014) e Santos (2013), justificam a escolha da produção de dados através da criação dos emojis por cada copesquisador, na intenção de despertar o potencial inventivo e sensível deles. As criações dos emojis como invenções juvenis de si com material de recorte, colagem, desenho e pintura em papel cartão foram analisadas intuitivamente e por uma leitura poética com olhares sensíveis. Constata-se, que do processo de produção simbólica dos emojis até o confronto da análise com aportes teóricos, os marcos delineadores da juventude não podem ser definidos com homogeneidade e singularidade, evidenciando a não existência de uma classificação pré-definida para a identidade jovem. Dessa forma, outros caminhos e conexões se abrem para interpretações dos multi/plurisentidos de suas identidades individuais, bem como, de suas categorias. Ainda, evidencia-se, as influências advindas dos diferentes modos representativos no ciberespaço na produção identitária fora dele e vice-versa, corroborando com as diversidades e diferenças nos modos de ser juvenil.
Multifunctional Properties of Commercial Bile Salts for Advanced Materials Engineering
Authors: Baker Kayla , Sikkema Rebecca , Liang Wenyu , Zhitomirsky Igor
Published: February 2021

Applications of bile acids (BAs) and bile salts (BSs) in the nanotechnology of functional materials are described. The exceptionally strong solubilization and dispersion power of BAs/BSs is a key factor for the solubilization of dyes, drugs, and polymers for electronic, optical, and biomedical devices, fabrication of composites, based on carbon nanotubes, graphene, diamonds, quantum dots, and polymers for applications in energy storage devices, coatings for corrosion protection of metals, sensors and electronic devices. BAs/BSs have attracted attention for synthesis, design, and surface modification of advanced materials. BAs/BSs are used as reducing, capping, chelating and dispersing agents for the synthesis of nanoparticles of metals and alloys, and low temperature synthesis of stoichiometric nanostructured complex oxides. BAs/BSs exhibit unique self‐assembly properties, which are successfully used for the template synthesis of functional nanoparticles of controlled shapes. Particularly important are applications of BAs/BSs in the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells with enhanced efficiency. Electrochemical strategies are discovered for the deposition of BA films and composites. Of particular interest are the unique gel‐forming properties of BAs/BSs, which provide a basis for the synthesis of nanoparticles of controlled size and fabrication of novel materials with advanced functionality.
Rapid Synthesis of Various Electrocatalysts on Ni Foam Using a Universal and Facile Induction Heating Method for Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Xiong Guowei , Chen Yuke , Zhou Ziqian , Liu Fan , Liu Xiaoyu , Yang Linjing , Liu Qilu , Sang Yuanhua , Liu Hong , Zhang Xiaoli , Jia Jin , Zhou Weijia
Published: February 2021

Electrocatalytic water splitting for the production of hydrogen proves to be effective and available. In general, the thermal radiation synthesis usually involves a slow heating and cooling process. Here, a high‐frequency induction heating (IH) is employed to rapidly prepare various self‐supported electrocatalysts grown on Ni foam (NF) in liquid‐ and gas‐phase within 1–3 min. The NF not only serves as an in situ heating medium, but also as a growth substrate. The as‐synthesized Ni nanoparticles anchored on MoO2 nanowires supported on NF (Ni‐MoO2/NF‐IH) enable catalysis of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), showing a low overpotential of −39 mV (10 mA cm−2) and maintaining the stability of 12 h in alkaline condition. Moreover, the NiFe layered double hydroxide (NiFe LDH/NF‐IH) is also synthesized via IH and affords outstanding oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity with an overpotential of 246 mV (10 mA cm−2). The Ni‐MoO2/NF‐IH and NiFe LDH/NF‐IH are assembled to construct a two‐electrode system, where a small cell voltage of ≈1.50 V enables a current density of 10 mA cm−2. More importantly, this IH method is also available to rapidly synthesize other freestanding electrocatalysts on NF, such as transition metal hydroxides and metal nitrides.
A General Carboxylate‐Assisted Approach to Boost the ORR Performance of ZIF‐Derived Fe/N/C Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Li Yuyang , Zhang Pengyang , Wan Liyang , Zheng Yanping , Qu Ximing , Zhang Haikun , Wang Yuesheng , Zaghib Karim , Yuan Jiayin , Sun Shuhui , Wang Yucheng , Zhou Zhiyou , Sun Shigang
Published: February 2021

An Fe/N/C catalyst derived from the pyrolysis of metal–organic frameworks, for example, a zeolitic‐imidazolate‐framework‐8 (ZIF‐8), has been regarded as one of the most promising non‐precious metal catalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, its ORR mass activity is still much inferior to that of Pt, partly because of the lack of general and efficient synthetic strategies. Herein, a general carboxylate‐assisted strategy that dramatically enhances the ORR mass activity of ZIF‐derived Fe/N/C catalysts is reported. The carboxylate is found to promote the formation of Fe/N/C catalysts with denser accessible active sites and entangled carbon nanotubes, as well as a higher mesoporosity. These structural advantages make the carboxylate‐assisted Fe/N/C catalysts show a 2–10 fold higher ORR mass activity than the common carboxylate‐free one in various cases. When applied in H2–O2 PEMFCs, the active acetate‐assisted Fe/N/C catalyst generates a peak power density of 1.33 W cm−2, a new record of peak power density for a H2–O2 PEMFC with non‐Pt ORR catalysts.
Strategies in Structure and Electrolyte Design for High‐Performance Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Qin Kaiqiang , Holguin Kathryn , Mohammadiroudbari Motahareh , Huang Jinghao , Kim Eric Young Sam , Hall Rosemary , Luo Chao
Published: February 2021

Lithium metal is the “holy grail” anode for next‐generation high‐energy rechargeable batteries due to its high capacity and lowest redox potential among all reported anodes. However, the practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is hindered by safety concerns arising from uncontrollable Li dendrite growth and infinite volume change during the lithium plating and stripping process. The formation of stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and the construction of robust 3D porous current collectors are effective approaches to overcoming the challenges of Li metal anode and promoting the practical application of LMBs. In this review, four strategies in structure and electrolyte design for high‐performance Li metal anode, including surface coating, porous current collector, liquid electrolyte, and solid‐state electrolyte are summarized. The challenges, opportunities, perspectives on future directions, and outlook for practical applications of Li metal anode, are also discussed.
Robust Superomniphobic Micro‐Hyperbola Structures Formed by Capillary Wrapping of a Photocurable Liquid around Micropillars
Authors: Kim Jaekyoung , Ryu Yerin , Kim Chi Hyung , Heo Seong Gil , Yoo Kee‐Youn , Yoon Hyunsik
Published: February 2021

Superomniphobic surfaces inspired by nature have been studied for decades. Recently, the development of liquid‐repelling surfaces has moved from the fabrication of artificial structures to real applications that address friction associated with clothes, paper, and skin. To have superoleophobicity, re‐entrant structures such as mushrooms or inverse trapezoids have been suggested. However they can be mechanically fragile, especially under shear stress, because the bottom region is narrow. Here, a facile method to obtain new re‐entrant structures is proposed, namely, micro‐hyperbola structures, by wetting a photocurable viscous liquid around micropillars by capillary force. It is demonstrated that the formation of the hyperbola structures depends on the spacing ratio between micropillars, and the formation mechanism is explained with a simple model. The micro‐hyperbola structure demonstrates robust omniphobicity even after rubbing and abrasion tests. The advantage of the wide fabrication range and the robust superoleophobicity of micro‐hyperbola structures enable the uses in practical superomniphobic applications that undergo shear forces.
Tumor‐Targeting Cholesterol‐Decorated DNA Nanoflowers for Intracellular Ratiometric Aptasensing
Authors: Kim Nayoung , Kim Eunjung , Kim Hyemin , Thomas Michael R. , Najer Adrian , Stevens Molly M.
Published: February 2021

Probing endogenous molecular profiles is of fundamental importance to understand cellular function and processes. Despite the promise of programmable nucleic‐acid‐based aptasensors across the breadth of biomolecular detection, target‐responsive aptasensors enabling intracellular detection are as of yet infrequently realized. Several challenges remain, including the difficulties in quantification/normalization of quencher‐based intensiometric signals, stability issues of the probe architecture, and complex sensor operations often necessitating extensive structural modeling. Here, the biomimetic crystallization‐empowered self‐assembly of a tumor‐targetable DNA–inorganic hybrid nanocomposite aptasensor is presented, which enables Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)‐based quantitative interpretation of changes in the cellular target abundance. Leveraging the design programmability and high‐throughput fabrication of rolling circle amplification‐driven DNA nanoarchitecture, this designer platform offers a method to self‐assemble a robust nanosensor from a multifunctionality‐encoded template that includes a cell‐targeting aptamer, a ratiometric aptasensor, and a cholesterol‐decorating element. Taking prostate cancer cells and intracellular adenosine triphosphate molecules as a model system, a synergistic effect in the targeted delivery by cholesterol and aptamers, and the feasibility of quantitative intracellular aptasensing are demonstrated. It is envisioned that this approach provides a highly generalizable strategy across wide‐ranging target systems toward a biologically deliverable nanosensor that enables quantitative monitoring of the abundance of endogenous biomolecules.