bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Road Accidents: The Most Influential Severity and Risk Factors
Authors: Amol Ashtikar, Shankar Murthy, Manoj G. Kharat
Published: June 2023

Many countries all over the world, greatly concern about the growth of mortality and injury rate on the road. Understanding the factors affecting road traffic accident is an important area for a road safety research. The aim of this paper is to present the overview of factors influencing the road traffic accident severity. From the review of literature, the mostly mentioned factors that are found to be significant to road traffic accident severity are speed of vehicle traveled, followed by human characteristics. Other factors that are found to be significant are vehicle types, weather, alcohol consumption, driver’s fatigue, and etc.
A Twenty-First Century Prototype Research in Languages, Social Sciences and Progressive Sciences Empirical and Pedagogical Observations
Authors: C. B. Kamati
Published: June 2023

University Education is vital because it promotes truthfulness, honesty, mutual-trust, reason, and humanness. These desirable qualities of mind are inculcated through extending the horizon of Reasearch and Teaching in Social Sciences, Languages, and Progressive Sciences. All outstanding accomplishments in those domains of knowledge were well-explored, and augmented during renaissance.  It is generally acclaimed that the foundation of modern society was essentially laid down by Renaissance itself. Since then, the prevalence of the Age of Reason, (18th Century); and the occurrence of First, Second, Third, and Fourth Industrial Revolutions in succession (1760 AD to 2022 AD) have theoretical basis drawn richly from fundamental research in Social Sciences, Languages, and Progressive Sciences. The author of this research paper brings-forth the present state of research in Indian Universities based on select authentic sources.
Growth And Dietary Efficiency of Artificial Nutrients Fortification of Bombyx Mori (L).
Authors: Ram Sudha S., Vasanthi K., S. Arumugavel
Published: June 2023

Sericulture has been serving the humanity by providing natural animal silk for several centuries. The quality as well as the quantity of mulberry leaves along with environmental factors have a direct influence on the production of raw silk spun by Bombyx mori L.  Larvae before pupation in the form of cocoons. Study on the nutritional aspect of the silkworm is an essential prerequisite for its proper commercial exploitation. Silkworm nutrition is the sole factor which has almost individually augmented the quality and quantity of the silkworm cocoon production and productivity. Despite the balancing of the silkworm nutrients by the mulberry leaf, the quantity available is not sufficient for the larval growth owing to variation in mulberry plant and in its management. This created a requirement for the dietary fortification with good quality mulberry leaves in optimum quantity for successful cocoon production.  In this study, mulberry leaves were fortified with Honey, Glucose, B- complex, Lemon and Calciferol and the growth and dietary efficiency of the larvae fed with the fortified diet were evaluated. The results indicated improvement in terms of growth as well as cocoon parameters. Our studies support the concept of dietary fortification the Mulberry leaves fed to silkworm for netter production of silk.
Enhanced Symmetric Convergent Encryption for Secured Data Deduplication in Cloud
Authors: G. Uma
Published: June 2023

Cloud storage is a virtual setting that includes an amazing amount of processing power. The resources are in a state where they can serve users. Cloud data centres are the locations where all of this computing is maintained. In order to produce high-performance computing, the data centre houses a sizable number of powerful computers and servers connected to one another. The physical computer resources housed in the cloud data centre are accessible to the user via virtualization. To provide a convergent encryption method that will enhance data security while reducing deduplication's impact on security, encryption, and decryption times.  Convergent encryption is used to prevent duplicating data, but the key used to encrypt data for the first time is kept up to date and distributed to all users who have same or closely related content of data to upload to the cloud storage. In an open cloud environment, it's crucial to distribute the key to all users. When using cloud storage services, users encountered numerous issues.
Water Hardware Maintenance Diagnosis System-- Taking Faucet Mixing-Cartridge Diagnosis as an Example
Authors: Sheng Yuan Hsu
Published: June 2023

In order to encourage Taiwanese people to DIY, install or repair faucets and other water hardware products by themselves, a water hardware maintenance diagnosis system will be developed in the study. People can purchase water hardware products by themselves and try to install and repair by themselves. The study attempts to build a faucet diagnosis system to help people quickly and correctly judge the problem of water hardware and obtain related key components for repairing. The decision-making model of the diagnostic system has been developed, and the platform of hardware DIY experts has been built. The model of water hardware DIY will be promoted and tested.
Production Sector Talent Management in the Coimbatore Area Based on Jackwelch's Leadership Approach
Authors: R. Padma Priya, K. Prabhakar Rajkumar
Published: June 2023

The employees who all are talented in India never had the premium which that they enjoy today. This has resulted in organizations looking at newer ways to attract employees and once a recruit walks its portal, focus on building loyalty. This whole portfolio of how to attract and retain employees is now called by a knowledge “Talent Management”. The study sought to investigate the effect of leadership styles practiced in an organization and their effect on employee performance. They will struggle as leaders if they don’t have enough experience, making management decisions, supervising staff and have poor administration in handing human resources. The Latent Variable Confirmatory Factor Analysis Modelling is applied, and it is analyzed Jack Welch’s leadership approach is remediable.
The Critical Determinants of Application of Blockchain Technology in Enhancing Cyber security in the Modern Technology Era
Authors: Preety Tak
Published: June 2023

Blockchain is a framework that joins a unique arrangement of properties to ensure network security, straightforwardness, and perceivability, including a decentralized construction, conveyed records and capacity instrument, agreement convention, brilliant agreements, and uneven encryption. The following six factors—cybersecurity, corruption prevention, e-government advancement, effective governance, political stability, and democratic participation—were put to the test for blockchain adoption. The study demonstrates that political stability, government efficiency, and cybersecurity are important determinants. The possibility that a country will adopt blockchain technology is increased by elevated degrees of cybersecurity and effective government. Ironically, more political stability makes it less likely that blockchain technology will be adopted quickly. The Blockchain Drive filled in as the wellspring of information for blockchain reception, but it is important and crucial to systematically compile information on blockchain efforts throughout the world. Further data collection efforts by international donor organisations are required in order to improve the models for blockchain adoption.
Exposure of Dose Rate due to Granites of Bangalore Metropolis Area, India
Authors: Sathish L. A.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The majority of total radiation dose received by the world's population comes from natural radiation. The distinguishing features of this radiation include relatively persistent exposure to a population at a specific place. Inhalation of 222Rn (radon), 220Rn (thoron), and their offspring contributes the majority of the dose from natural radiation in background regions that are typically present. In light of this, a measurement of dose rate exposure due to some granite floorings has been attempted in Bangalore Metropolis, Karnataka, India. For a period of three years, fifteen distinct granite samples that were used as flooring for construction in buildings were examined.

Objectives: Measurement of exposure of dose rate due to building construction materials by the inhabitants of Bangalore city

Methods: Solid state nuclear track detector based dosimeters, CAN techniques and radiation survey meters were used and all the experimental observations were made as per the standard protocols provided by the Bhabha atomic research centre, Mumbai, India were followed.

Results: The arithmetic mean values of dose rate varied between 2.09 ± 0.10 and 1.39 ± 0.06 mSvy-1. The observed dose rates were found to be higher in granite and lower in coarse-grained dolerite.

Conclusions: All 14 types of granite samples have undergone a minimum of 30 measurements. The greater activity concentration of radionuclides found in granite samples leads to higher dose rates.
Software As Service Attack Detection and Prevention using Manipulated QR Code
Authors: Manushree Sahay, Sandeep Vanjale
Published: June 2023

A sort of software service delivery paradigm known as "software as a service" (SaaS) includes a wide variety of commercial possibilities and problems. Despite being drawn to SaaS by its advantages, users and service providers are reluctant to incorporate their businesses into it because of security concerns. This article emphasizes the usefulness and adaptability of SaaS in a variety of situations, such as software defined networking, cloud computing, mobile cloud computing, and the Internet of Things. The examination of SaaS security issues, including data security, application security, and SaaS deployment security, is then started. Potential solutions or strategies that may be used in conjunction with one another are then offered for a secure SaaS platform. The SQL injection attack is the SaaS application's most dangerous vulnerability. This might result in sensitive and important data loss. (e.g., financial, personal). Through these kinds of assaults, attackers might steal sensitive information that is crucial to a business or organization, which has a detrimental effect on both physical (like data) and intangible (like reputation) assets. This research aims to investigate the viability of using machine learning techniques for application-level SQL injection detection. Various dangerous and benign payloads were utilized to train the classifiers employed in the testing methodologies. They detect if a payload includes malicious code when given one. This study aims to identify harmful activities in a Software as a Service (SaaS) environment based on the cloud. The anti-phishing advice for this technique, which is known as a secure QR code, includes a thorough analysis of the most current research on the usability and security of QR codes. The most important use cases and accompanying attack paths were identified. To do this, we conducted a comprehensive literature study. Social engineering, or phishing, is the fraud that exploits QR codes as an attack vector most often covered in the media. The usage of QR codes on smartphones has spread from auto production plants.
Diminution of Extended Euclidean Algorithm for Finding Multiplicative Inverse in Galois Field
Authors: Neda Fatma, M. R. Hassan, Dilshad Akhtar, J. K. M. S. Zaman
Published: June 2023

This manuscript deals with the theorem on diminution of the Extended Euclidean Algorithm for finding the multiplicative inverse of non-zero elemental polynomials of Galois field  with respect to a monic irreducible polynomial  over , where  is a prime and is any positive integer. This method became successful in finding the multiplicative inverse of all those non-zero polynomials for which the Extended Euclidean Algorithm fails. We find the inverse of all 342 non-zero elemental polynomials of  using an irreducible polynomial  We also used Cayley Hamilton’s theorem for finding the multiplicative inverse of the non-zero elemental polynomials of a finite field.
E-Application for Women Defense
Authors: S. Bhavani et al.
Published: June 2023

In this current era, women are prone to multiple safety issues. In every three women, one is a victim of such violent acts. There are multiple programmes to make them aware and strong enough to face the situation, but not every woman is doing it. Crimes will also increase as the response to the act weakens. So, considering these circumstances, we used modern technology to support women with these problems. Violence can negatively affect women’s physical, mental, sexual, and reproductive health and may increase the risk of acquiring HIV in some settings. We proposed a concept with GSM (Global System for Mobile) and GPS (Global Positioning System) built in. When the incident occurs, the alert signal is triggered with the press of a button, and the location is sent to the police officers. It also has a camera that can livestream the face of the person who committed the crime, as well as a handy defence tool to protect herself from the criminal. We can make women a little stronger through this project, although they are already strong enough.
Lora Based Elephant Detection System Near Railroads
Authors: S. Bhavani, D. Aathish, S. Iswarya, A. Kathiravan, P. Kavin
Published: June 2023

A Lora-based elephant detection system near railroad tracks is a proposed solution to mitigate human-elephant conflicts where elephants roam railroad tracks and threaten human safety and elephant welfare. The system supports Lora (Low Range Radio) communication, image processing, and IoT (Internet of Things) devices such as MCU (microcontroller unit), GPS (Global Positioning System), LCD (liquid crystal display), speakers, and image processing. use a combination of algorithms. The system aims to detect elephants in real-time through image processing and use Lora communications to transmit information to relevant authorities and intervene in time. This white paper reviews existing literature and research in the area of ​​elephant detection systems, including research on image processing, IoT-based wildlife monitoring, and Lora communications. The proposed system has the potential to contribute to the effective detection and deterrence of elephants near railway tracks , reduce the risk of human-elephant collisions, and improve elephant conservation efforts.Top of Form
"Uncovering the Realities of Forest-Dwelling Communities in Kanha-Kisli Protected Area of Madhya Pradesh: An Examination of Livelihood and Socio-Economic, Challenges"
Authors: Walke Keshav
Published: June 2023

Forests are essential ecosystems that support biodiversity, regulate climate, and provide critical resources for local communities. However, forest-dwelling communities face numerous challenges, including poverty, lack of access to education, healthcare, and basic infrastructure, and conflict with wildlife conservation. The Kanha-Kisli Protected Area (KKPA) in Madhya Pradesh, India, is one such forest landscape where tribal communities have been living for generations. Despite efforts to integrate forest conservation and community development, forest dwellers in KKPA continue to struggle with various issues.
Enhancing Stock Market Prediction with ARIMA and Machine Learning
Authors: Shabnam F. Sayyad Sakshi G. Gade,
Published: June 2023

ML and ARIMA-based stock market forecasting. Brokers, derivatives, currencies, and stocks are used in the vast and convoluted structure of the financial markets, which is always changing and evolving. Compared to the hazards of beginning a new business or the requirement for a high-paying employment, this market provides investors the potential to make money and live a happy life with a minimal initial investment. However, assessing and managing the performance of machine learning requires human-assessed risk management procedures and security precautions. For this research, it is important to predict stock prices using ARIMA and machine learning techniques. With the aid of machine learning and the ARIMA model, stock values may be forecasted with simplicity. This includes a range of work that was done on the review paper using different learning techniques. The most notable features are ARIMA and the built-in machine learning. Oblivion Gate removes data that doesn't match the algorithm, leaving only data that does. As soon as information enters the network, rules enable selection. Three gate structures combine to produce a single network structure.
A Review on Image Based Species Recognition Using Machine Learning
Authors: R. S. Deshpande S. R. Bhandari, A. P. Gaigol, V. S. Wadne, T. R. Sangole,
Published: June 2023

Primitive technology, including catching ink footprints on paper to distinguish between species by using different baits in the trap, has limited studies in animal species recognition. The goal of this project was to develop a species recognition system for traps based on eigenface identification. This method, which is typically used for human face recognition, is utilized to identify feral rodents like possums, cats, and weasels. The method exhibited success rates for identifying possums, cats, and weasels of 55%, 33%, and 45%, respectively, after eliminating the background from the training photographs.
Analyzing Women's Economic Empowerment in the Agriculture Sector in Hill Areas and its Impacts
Authors: P. Dhasmana, H. Bhandari
Published: June 2023

The subject of women's economic empowerment in the agriculture sector in hill areas has received considerable attention in recent years, as policymakers and practitioners seek to address the challenges faced by these communities. In particular, the impact of women's economic empowerment on male outmigration in these areas has become an important issue, as male outmigration results in the loss of labor, skills, and resources that are crucial for sustainable development. This study aims to examine the existing research on women's economic empowerment in the agriculture sector in hill areas, with a focus on its impact on male outmigration and existing strategies for sustainable livelihoods. To sum up, the literature review establishes that women's economic empowerment has a positive impact on reducing male outmigration, improving livelihoods, and contributing to sustainable development in rural hill areas. Women's involvement in agriculture, especially in self-help groups, can provide them with access to credit and training, leading to increased agricultural productivity and income. This, in turn, can reduce poverty and dependence on male household members, ultimately curbing male outmigration. The review emphasizes the importance of promoting women's economic empowerment in the agriculture sector to ensure long-term sustainable development and improve livelihoods. Policymakers, stakeholders, and communities must prioritize this issue to foster sustainable development in hill areas.
Advanced Accident Prevention and Notification System
Authors: J. Saranraj, T. Arun, T. Steffi D. Loganathan, S. Karthikeyan, K. Sedhuramalingam,
Published: June 2023

Dangerous road conditions may be the result of natural events, such as tropical rains and flooding, that make driving unsafe. Dangerous conditions can also arise from the poor physical condition of a road and its surroundings. It may cause road accidents. Also while driving in the night just the headlights might not be a sufficient assistance for driver .Unexpected hurdles on road may cause more accidents. Also because of bad road conditions, fuel consumption of the vehicle increases; causing wastage of precious fuel .We proposed this system ‘Advanced Accident Prevention And Notification System’ to inform the driver about the pothole and controlling the speed of the vehicle and also the information has been stored in cloud and the notification about pothole has been sent to the Road Maintenance department to take a remedy to maintain the road. This system uses ultrasonic sensor to sense the potholes and GPS to track the location and wifi module to transmit the data
PENGETAHUAN PERAWAT PELAKSANA TENTANG SDKI, SLKI, SIKI DI RUMAH SAKIT SUAKA INSAN BANJARMASIN
Authors: Chrisnawati Chrisnawati
Published: June 2023

Standar pelayanan asuhan keperawatan tidak lepas dari proses keperawatan sebagai tugas pokok perawat dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan. Proses ini dimulai dari pengkajian, penegakan diagnose keperawatan, Menyusun perencanaan asuhan keperawatan, melakukan implementasi dan evaluasi terhadap keberhasilan asuhan yang diberikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan perawat pelaksana terhadap SDKI, SLKI dan SIKI di Rumah Sakit Suaka Insan. desain penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survey, teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sample 74 responden. Hasil enunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan perawat pelaksana tentang SDKI, SLKI dan SIKI mayoritas pada kategori Cukup 60 responden (81%) dan kurang 14 responden (19%). Belum optimalnya pengetahuan akan penerapan SDKI, SLKI, SIKI dalam rencana asuhan keperawatan yang didokumentasikan.
Theoretical Foundations and Techniques for Conducting International Law Research from Critical Approaches
Authors: Olasolo Héctor , Urueña-Sánchez Mario Iván , Arévalo-Ramírez Walter
Published: June 2023

This article aims to construct a state-of-the-art resource regarding the theoretical foundations and methodological options for any researcher interested in working with critical international law perspectives. The four views chosen for this exercise (TWAIL, CILS, feminist theories, and social idealism) will be dissected regarding their theoretical foundations and relevant research methods and techniques. It establishes the framing of critical research in international law through monodisciplinary, multidisciplinarity, and interdisciplinarity, depending upon the interaction between legal-international concepts and methods.
The Role of Pragmatic Competence in the Language Proficiency of Saudi EFL Learners
Authors: Al-Hozali Futoon Naif
Published: June 2023

English language learning programs are always evolving to suit the needs of the changing demands of the learners. In Saudi Arabia, English programs are solely focused on achieving language proficiency through teaching learners’ vocabulary and grammar only, excluding other important language constructs such as pragmatics. This research investigates the relationship between pragmatic proficiency and language proficiency by administering an MDCT (multiple-choice discourse completion task) survey test on 80 Saudi health track students who are enrolled in King Abdul-Aziz English language institution. The test questions were adopted from Çetınavci and Öztürk’s original MDCT instrument, designed to focus on testing knowledge of implied meaning “implicatures”. The results were analyzed using SPSS to measure the correlation between pragmatic proficiency and language proficiency and observe the most difficult implicature the students found. The findings indicate that there is no linear relationship between the students’ English proficiency and their pragmatic proficiency.
Social lifecycle assessment of adaptive reuse 
Authors: Lundgren Rebecka
Published: June 2023

Adaptive reuse of existing buildings and shared spaces has been highlighted as a key circular economy concept in the built environment, with the former also having been found to increase social sustainability through the preservation of cultural heritage. However, circular economy research has focused on the economic and environmental dimensions, with the social dimension receiving less attention. The aim of this study is, therefore, to establish the social impact of an adaptive reuse case with shared spaces. A supplementary aim is to test and adapt the general social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) framework to fit the built environment context. A qualitative single case study method is used. The study finds significant positive social impacts from the adaptive reuse case, mainly in the form of economic and cultural impact on the local community. The S-LCA framework was a useful tool in assessing the social impact of the case. Additional indicators of particular relevance to the built environment are identified relating to the end-users and local community, as well as indicators relating to society, value chain actors, and workers.
PRACTICE RELEVANCE
A set of sector-specific indicators is created to capture the social impact.he findings are useful for researchers and industry professionals intending to evaluate and increase the social sustainability of a construction or demolition project. The improved S-LCA framework and set of indicators allows for an improved understanding of built environment implications. Planners, designers, and clients can employ the revised framework to evaluate projects pre- and post-construction or demolition.
Implementation of EPR-Youth, a Client-Accessible and Multidisciplinary Health Record; A Mixed-Methods Process Evaluation
Authors: Benjamins Janine , Duinkerken Jan-Gerrit , Den Hamer-Jordaan Gerlinde , Canfijn Romay , Koster Rianne , De Vet Emely , Haveman-Nies Annemien
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Client-accessible interdisciplinary health records potentially contribute to integrated care by facilitating collaboration and enhancing clients’ involvement in care. To achieve this, three Dutch organizations providing ‘care for youth’ developed a fully client-accessible electronic patient record (EPR-Youth).
Objective: To evaluate the implementation of EPR-Youth and to determine barriers and facilitators.
Methods: A mixed methods design combined system data, process observations, questionnaires and focus group interviews. Target groups were parents, adolescents, professionals using EPR-Youth, and implementation stakeholders.
Findings: Client-portal acceptability was high among all clients. Client-portal adoption rate was high and differed between age groups and educational levels. Professionals’ doubts about acceptability, appropriateness and fidelity were partly due to lack of system knowledge. Implementation barriers were the complexity of co-creation, lack of clear leadership, and concerns about legal issues. Facilitators were clarifying vision and legal context, setting deadlines, and a pioneering spirit.
Conclusion: The early implementation of EPR-Youth, the first Dutch client-accessible interdisciplinary electronic health record in ‘care for youth’ was successful. To enhance adoption among clients, group-specific barriers for portal-use should be determined. Professionals need additional training. Further research is needed to gain insight into client-portal access barriers. To benefit more from co-creation, an organizational change towards situational leadership is necessary.
Spectrum of Morphological Patterns in Breast Cancer - A Single Center Study
Authors: Begum Atiya , Rathore Zonaira , Jaffar Rozina , Sarwar Afia , . Fatimah , Zafar Sonia
Published: June 2023

Aim: To determine the frequency of morphological patterns of breast malignancies among female patient population of different age groups Study design: Descriptive, Cross-sectional study Setting: Study was conducted from January 2022 to December 2022 at Citi lab & Research Center, Lahore. Methods: 109 diagnosed cases of female breast malignancies reported during period of one year 1st January 2022 till 31st December 2022 were included in the study. Results: Out of 109 cases, the maximum number of patients diagnosed with malignancy were in age range of 51-60 years (33%) followed by 24.7% of cases in 41-50 years of age range while 19.2% females were between 31-40 years of age. In terms of histological type, ductal carcinoma was the predominant pattern (63.3%) %) followed by lobular carcinoma (23.8%)& mixed ductal and lobular subtype (5.5%). In terms of grade, 32 were ungraded while 33 cases were moderately differentiated, 37 as poor and 7 as well differentiated. Practical implication: Researchers and medical experts can identify trends and risk factors associated with breast cancer in various age groups, which can help them develop prevention and treatment plans. The advancements in screening and detection as well as the establishment of tailored treatments for various age groups are some of the practical ramifications of the above information. Conclusion: Screening programs must be carried out on regular basis at national level as earlier diagnosis of breast malignancy can lessen chances of metastatic breast disease thereby improving the life expectancy in Pakistani women. Keywords: Breast, Cancer, Patterns, Histopathology, Diagnosis, Tumor grade, Pakistani, Females
Resilience: A Coping Strategy for Physical and Psychological Challenges faced by Chronic Kidney Disease patients
Authors: Imran Abeeha , Zakar Rubeena , Shahzad Ruhma , Hussain Babar , Ahmed Razan
Published: June 2023

Aim: To explore the lived experiences of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD)to understand how the physical and psychological challenges associated with the disease influenced their life and what role did resilience play to cope up with the physical and psychological challenges. Method: The present study is qualitative in nature and used the phenomenological research design to study the lived experiences of CKD patients. Thirty seven participants were selected through purposive sampling from the nephrology departments of three government hospitals of Lahore which included Jinnah Hospital, Sheikh Zayed Hospital and General Hospital. Data was collected through in-depth interviews. Results: The study revealed that resilience is a major factor which helps to cope up with the physical and psychological challenges associated with CKD by reducing stress, developing a positive self-image, encouraging to fight back, finding alternative treatment options and increasing the will power of CKD patients. Practical implications: Findings of the present study will be helpful for the health care professionals and clinical psychologists to develop strategies and training programs which can increase resilience among patients. Training the patients and care givers regarding how to fight with CKD will lead to an improvement in their quality of life. Conclusion: Resilience enables CKD patients to have a self-worth and brings them back to life by motivating them to participate in the normal activities of life. On the basis of these results, it is expected that this factor can be helpful for the health care professionals, caregivers and patients themselves in order to minimize the negative impacts of the disease through counseling. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Resilience, Physical challenges, Psychological challenges
Barriers to Research Perceived by Medical Students of Private Medical College, Lahore- Pakistan
Authors: Azhar Aaiza , Qaisar Momina , Hamid Mahnoor , Amna Moneeba , Tanveer Fatima , Chaudhry Muhammad Ashraf
Published: June 2023

Aim: To identify the major barriers to conducting research perceived by medical students and their association with various years of study and gender. Methodology: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted from 9th March 2021 to 6th June 2021. It was conducted among the medical students of all years studying in Combined Military Hospital Lahore Medical College (CMHLMC) & Institute of Dentistry (IOD). Non- probability convenient sampling technique was used. The questionnaire was self-administered and data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20.0.Descriptive statistics of qualitative variables were calculated as frequencies and percentage. Chi-square test of significance was used to see impact of gender and year of study on barriers perceived. P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was significant difference in barriers perceived by male and female students (p <0.05). The most prevalent barrier in males was extracurricular activities (p=0.001) while major barrier in females was fatigue (p=0.006). Prevalence of barriers was found to be greater among students of 2nd year MBBS (39.3%) and 4th year MBBS (31.3%).The most significant barrier among 2ndyear MBBS was fatigue (p=0.006) while in 4th year MBBS the common barriers perceived were lack of previous exposure (p=0.003), uncooperative colleagues (p=0.003) and finding a mentor (p=0.018). Practical implications: By using this research as a template we can identify ways in which our education system can probe about flaws in promotion and execution of research among students and how to rectify these so that more students can be urged to go forth in medical field as competent researchers so to advance current methods of treatment and bring forth new queries .Pakistan being a third world country is in dire need of young medical professionals who can bring about a new perspective in field of medicine and we can only do so by facilitating them . This article will give an insight in the current difficulties faced by students whether from personal or administrative point of view which is proving to hinder their progress. Conclusion: The results of study showed that major barriers perceived by medical students were curriculum overload, finding a mentor, lack of previous exposure to research. There was significant difference in barriers perceived by various classes and males and females. Keywords: Barriers, medical students, research, gender, medical research, Pakistan, curriculum
Barriers Related to Antenatal Care Utilization at Primary Health Care Level in Pregnant Women of Hazro District Attock
Authors: Khan Bushra Asif Ali , Mahmood Humaira , Jamil Sadaf , Hadyait Muhammad Arfan , Jabeen Rawshan
Published: June 2023

Background: Maternal and newborn mortality is a global public health issue. Pakistan is lagging much behind in target of improving maternal and child health due to underutilization of antenatal care services. Aim: To determine utilization of the ANC services by pregnant women and barriers in utilization of ANC services at primary health care level of Hazro District Attock. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Hazro of District Attock, Pakistan with sample size of 425 pregnant women in their third trimester selected by simple random sampling technique over a period of six months from Jan 2021 to Jun 2021. A structured Questionnaire was used for the data collection regarding the barriers related to utilization of antenatal care services by interview. Analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Results: The mean age of women was 27.76±5.41 years with 75.8% were from rural side. In socioeconomic status 60.5% women had high, 33.4% had middle and 6.1% had low status of socioeconomic. The complete utilization of antenatal cares were observed in 62.8% women. We found distance of health care facility (p=0.006), transport availability (p=0.0001), cost of transport (p=0.0001), availability of personnel and services (p=0.006), ambulance availability (p=0.006) and working hours of health care facility (p=0.004) as a main barriers. Practical implication: The results of current study will help in providing MCH services at door step with proper planning to minimize the barriers in utilization of ANC services for the community. Conclusions: We conclude that Utilization of MCH services by pregnant women at primary care level in Hazro of District Attock was low i.e. 62.8%. The barriers in the utilization of MCH services at PHC level were financial poverty crisis, distance of antenatal care facility, transport availability, cost of transport, poor medical facilities, absence of ambulance and working hours are important barriers in seeking and availing antenatal care services. Keywords: ANC services, pregnant women, barriers, utilization, primary health care level, District Attock
Determination of Meconium Stained Liquor among Fetal Distress Lead Cesarean Mothers
Authors: Sherazi Syeda Tahira , Batool Shazia , Noor Amna , Javed Sana , Sial Ayesha Hussain , Munir Muhammad Kashif
Published: June 2023

Aim: To determine the frequency of meconium stained liquor in females undergoing cesarean section due to fetal distress. Study type, setting & duration: This descriptive study was conducted at Unit III, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore during August 2018 to February 2019. Methodology: The study was commenced on 240 females fulfilled selection criteria. After taking informed consent their demographic all females underwent cesarean section. During cesarean section, amniotic fluid was evaluated for meconium staining. All the information was recorded in pre-designed Performa. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS. Results: Mean age of females was 29.05±6.22years, the mean gestational age was 39.48±1.09 weeks and mean BMI of patients was 26.45±4.70 kg/m2. There were 35 (14.6%) patients of parity 0, 72 (30%) had parity 1, 47 (19.6%) had parity 2, 46 (19.2%) had parity 3 and 40 (16.7%) had parity. The meconium stained liquor was present in 40 (16.7%) patients while absent in 200 (83.3%) patients. Practical implication of this study suggests that meconium stained liquor must be observed closely in females bearing a higher gestational age to avoid meconium aspiration syndrome among neonates. Conclusion: Present study suggests a higher frequency of meconium stained liquor and a higher gestational age is associated with higher frequency of meconium stained liquor while no association of age, parity strata and BMI were found. Key words: Cesarean section, pregnancy, trimester, parity, Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, Meconium Stained Liquor.
Outcome and Severity of COVID-19 in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated patients
Authors: Raza Syeda Naveera , Kumar Santosh , Khatoon Ambrina , Hussain Nida , Kayani Urfa
Published: June 2023

Background: The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the world's worst problem and the global health disaster of our time. In order to fully comprehend the advantages of COVID-19 immunization, illness attenuation must be considered. This should be done by investigating whether those who contract COVID-19 despite vaccination experience milder symptoms than those who are unvaccinated. The COVID-19 pandemic brought on by is still a serious public health issue on a global scale. Aim: To evaluate the significant impact and efficacy of vaccination in positive SARS-CoV-2 patients during different timelines of a pandemic. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study involving 212 PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 patients with their clinical–epidemiological findings admitted at Ziauddin Hospital between the years 2021 to 2022. SARS-CoV-2. RNA positivity was determined using qualitative RT-PCR with in vitro diagnostic kits, following the manufacturer's recommendations. SARS-CoV-2 positive patients had at least one positive RT-PCR test result, while SARS-CoV-2 negative patients had solely negative RT-PCR test findings. The data was provided through electronic patient records. The patients were categorized into Asymptomatic, Mild, Moderate and Severe/Critical as per WHO and CDC guidelines. Results: Among total of 212 patients there were 5(2.4%) vaccinated and 20(9.4%) unvaccinated asymptomatic, 6(2.8%) vaccinated and 12(5.7%) unvaccinated mild, 16(7.5%) vaccinated and 39(18.4%) unvaccinated moderate and 27(12.7%) vaccinated and 87(41%) unvaccinated severely/critically ill patients. The association between the severity of illness and vaccination status of patients showed significantly positive results with a p-value of 0.005. Conclusion: It was concluded that vaccine plays a significant role in the course of illness and severity of disease, this study investigated the impact of vaccination status on patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 to compare the severity and course of illness between the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups based on a number of clinical indicators. but the efficacy of these vaccines remains a point of concern for future studies. Key words: COVID-19, pneumonia, SARS-CoV-2, immunization
Şırnak İli Silopi İlçesi Tarım Topraklarının Bazı Özellikleri ve Besin Elementi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: BİLİR Bedriye , IRMAK Seyyid , DOĞAN Mikail
Published: June 2023

Bu çalışma, Silopi ilçesinde tarımsal üretimin yaygın olarak yapıldığı toprakların bazı fiziksel, kimyasal özellikleri ve besin elementi içeriklerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla; Çardaklı, Başverimli, Ortaköy, Atak, Bostancı, Çiftlik, Yeniköy, Yolağzı, Üç ağaç, Keruh ve Bozalan köyleri ile Şehit Harun Boy mahallesinden 20 ayrı noktadan iki farklı derinlikte (0-30 cm ve 30-60 cm) toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Alınan toprak örneklerinde tekstür, pH, EC, organik madde, kireç, yarayışlı P, değişebilir K, Ca, Mg ve Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; çalışma alanı topraklarının tekstürü %80 oranında kumlu killi tınlı bünyeye sahip, pH'sı hafif ve orta alkalin sınıfında yer alırken, büyük bir kısmında tuzluluk problemi bulunmamaktadır. Toprakların organik madde içerikleri %0.16-%3.89 aralığında belirlenmiş olup organik madde sınıfları çok az ve az sınıfında bulunmuştur. Araştırılan toprakların kireç içeriği ise yüksek bulunmuştur. Makro besin elementlerinden değişebilir Ca, Mg, K ile mikro elementlerden Fe, Cu, Mn yeterli düzeyde bulunurken toprakların %27.5’inde P, %20’sinde ise Zn noksanlığı olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Eğricik Dönüşümü Ayrıştırması Kullanılarak İki Sınıflı Motor Görüntüsü EEG Sinyallerinin Sınıflandırılması
Authors: GEDİK Nebi
Published: June 2023

Beyin bilgisayar arayüzü çalışmaları, temel olarak beyin sinyallerini toplamayı, analiz etmeyi ve kullanılmak üzere komutlara çevirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Beyin sinyallerinin kontrol komutlarına çevrilmesinde elektroensefalogram (EEG) bir olanak sağlamaktadır. Deneğe özgü ve durağan olmayan yapısı nedeniyle EEG sinyallerinin sınıflandırılması zorlu görevlerdendir ve farklı yaklaşımlarla çalışmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışmaların bir bölümü motor hareket hayali içeren beyin aktivitelerinin analizini kapsamaktadır. Bu makale, eğricik dönüşüm ayrıştırmasını kullanan iki sınıflı bir motor görüntüsü sınıflandırma algoritması sunmaktadır. Önerilen algoritma, BBA yarışması IV veri kümesi IIa kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. 22 kanaldan oluşturulan veri kümesinden, seçilen üç kanala (C3, Cz ve C4) ait EEG sinyalleri uygulamada kullanılmaktadır ve kanal sinyallerine 9-30 Hz frekans aralığı için eğricik dönüşümü uygulanmaktadır. Elde edilen dönüşüm katsayıları üzerinden standart sapma, ortalama değer ve log-varyans değerleri hesaplanarak özellik vektörleri oluşturulmaktadır. Doğrudan özellik vektörleri üzerinden ve özellik seçimi yapılarak karşılaştırmalı sınıflandırma işlemleri gerçekleştirilmektedir. Özellik seçimi için t-test yöntemi kullanılmakta, sınıflandırma işlemi k-NN sınıflandırıcısı kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Rezension von: Rübsamen, Dieter (Hrsg.), Das Briefeingangregister des Nürnberger Rates für die Jahre 1449-1457
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Rübsamen Dieter
Published: June 2023

Dieter Rübsamen (Hrsg.), Das Briefeingangsregister des Nürnberger Rates für die Jahre 1449-1457 (Historische Forschungen, Bd.22), Sigmaringen (Thorbecke) 1997. 623 S.
Rezension von: bei der Wieden, Helge; Schmidt, Roderich (Hrsg.), Mecklenburg Pommern
Authors: Reinhold Gotthard , Wieden Helge bei der , Schmidt Roderich
Published: June 2023

Helge bei der Wieden, Roderich Schmidt (Hrsgg.), Mecklenburg/Pommern (Handbuch der Historischen Stätten Deutschlands, Bd. 12; Kröners Taschenausgabe, Bd. 315), Stuttgart (Kröner) 1996. 385 S.
Rezension von: Iorga, Nicolae, Geschichte des Osmanischen Reichs
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Iorga Nicolae
Published: June 2023

Nicolae Jorga, Geschichte des Osmanischen Reichs. Nach den Quellen dargestellt [Unverändert. Neuausg. der Ausg. Gotha (Perthes) 1908-1913], Darmstadt (Primus Verl.) 1997. 5 Bde., 486,453,479, 512 u. 633 S.
Rezension von: Kirchgässner, Bernhard; Becht, Hans-Peter (Hrsg.), Vom Städtebund zum Zweckverband ...
Authors: Lubich Gerhard , Kirchgässner Bernhard , Becht Hans-Peter
Published: June 2023

Bernhard Kirchgässner, Hans-Peter Becht (Hrsgg.), Vom Städtebund zum Zweckverband. 30. Arbeitstagung 1991 (Stadt in der Geschichte, Bd. 20), Sigmaringen (Thorbecke) 1994. 176 S.
Bemhard Kirchgässner, Hans-Peter Becht (Hrsgg.), Stadt und Repräsentation. 31. Arbeitstagung 1992 (Stadt in der Geschichte, Bd. 21), Sigmaringen (Thorbecke) 1995. 156 S., 40 Abb.
Rezension von: Sobotka, Bruno J. (Hrsg.), Burgen, Schlösser, Gutshäuser in Brandenburg und Berlin
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Sobotka Bruno J.
Published: June 2023

Burgen, Schlösser, Gutshäuser in Brandenburg und Berlin (Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Burgenvereinigung e.V, Reihe C). Hrsg, von Bruno J. Sobotka, Fotografien von Jürgen Strauss, Stuttgart (Theiss) 1993. 306 S.

Burgen, Schlösser, Gutshäuser in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Burgenvereinigung e.V., Reihe C). Hrsg, von Bruno J. Sobotka, Fotografien von Jürgen Strauss, Stuttgart (Theiss) 1993. 350 S.Burgen, Schlösser, Gutshäuser in Sachsen-Anhalt (Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Burgenvereinigung e.V., Reihe C). Hrsg, von Bruno J. Sobotka, Fotografien von Jürgen Strauss, Stuttgart (Theiss) 1994. 467 S.Burgen, Schlösser, Gutshäuser in Thüringen (Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Burgenvereinigung e.V, Reihe C). Hrsg, von Bruno J. Sobotka, Fotografien von Jürgen Strauss, Stuttgart (Theiss) 1995. 500 S.Burgen, Schlösser, Gutshäuser in Sachsen (Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Burgenvereinigung e.V., Reihe C). Hrsg, von Bruno J. Sobotka, Fotografien von Jürgen Strauss, Stuttgart (Theiss) 1994. 773 S.
Rezension von: Amann, Konrad, Die landesherrliche Residenzstadt Passau im spätmittelalterlichen deutschen Reich
Authors: Pusch Alexander , Amann Konrad
Published: June 2023

Konrad Amann, Die landesherrliche Residenzstadt Passau im spätmittelalterlichen deutschen Reich (Residenzenforschung, Bd.3), Sigmaringen (Thorbecke) 1992. 312 S.
Rezension von: Haag, Simon M., Zur Baugeschichte der Oberamtsstadt Weinsberg
Authors: Reinhold Gotthard , Haag Simon M.
Published: June 2023

Simon M. Haag, Zur Baugeschichte der Oberamtsstadt Weinsberg. Mit einer Abhandlung über Kemersche Wohnungen und Anwesen in Weinsberg von Fritz-Peter Ostertag. Hrsg, vom Schwäbischer Albverein/Ortsgruppe Weinsberg in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Stadtarchiv Weinsberg, Weinsberg (Verlag Nachrichtenblatt der Stadt Weinsberg) 1995. 282 S., 339 Abb. 10 Taf.
Rezension von: Köhler, Mathias, Die Bau- und Kunstgeschichte des ehemaligen Zisterzienserklosters Bebenhausen bei Tübingen
Authors: Kottmann Ingeborg , Köhler Mathias
Published: June 2023

Mathias Köhler, Die Bau- und Kunstgeschichte des ehemaligen Zisterzienserklosters Bebenhausen bei Tübingen (Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg, Reihe B, Bd. 124), Stuttgart (W. Kohlhammer) 1995. 411 S., Tab., Schaubilder und Fotoanhang.
BİYOÇEŞİTLİLİK: NE, NİÇİN, NASIL?
Authors: YAVUZ Mustafa
Published: June 2023

Hayatın çeşitliliği olarak da bilinen biyoçeşitlilik terimi, sıklıkla biyosferdeki canlıların çeşitliliği anlamında kullanılmaktadır. Canlıların çeşitliğinden kasıt, çoğunlukla bireyler olarak canlılardır. Bunun yanında türlerin, ekosistemlerin ve kalıtsal özelliklerin çeşitliliğinden bahsetmek de mümkündür. Bu çalışmada, ‘biyoçeşitlilik bir değer midir, biyoçeşitlilik ölçülebilir mi, ülkemiz ve dünya için ne anlama gelir, biyoçeşitlilik azlığı ya da eksikliği ne demektir’ gibi sorulara cevap aranmıştır. Böylelikle, biyoçeşitliliğin kendinde bir değer oluşunun kabul edilmesi gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır. Biyoçeşitlilik terimi ve kavramından sonra biyoçeşitlilikle doğrudan bağlantılı olarak ekosistemlerin müdahil ve gayri müdahil yöntemlerden oluşan karma bir yöntemle korunması gerektiği kanaati ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca, doğa ve kültür dikotomisine değinilerek, doğanın kültüre kaynak oluşunun altı çizilmiştir. Bu yüzden türlerin sayılarının korunması için ekosistemlerin korunmaları gerektiği, bunun için de biyosfer kaynaklarının yoğun tüketiminin önüne geçilmesi gerektiğine değinilmiştir. Koruma çalışmalarında ayrım noktasının ens viva, canlı oluş olarak belirlenmesi gerektiği kanaati ortaya koyulmuştur. Sonuç olarak muhtemel bir yol haritası çizilirken dikkate alınacak şekilde dokuz maddeden müteşekkil bir teklif ortaya koyulmuştur.