bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluating organisational ethics in Spanish news media
Authors: Luengo María , Maciá-Barber Carlos , Requejo-Alemán José Luis
Published: April 2016

Drawing from 420 surveys addressed to news media practitioners, 30 in-depth interviews with media executives and 6 focus groups, this article focuses on the institutional dimensions of ethics in journalism and explores the way in which ethical standards are perceived by journalists and other representative groups involved in Spanish news media. The data show that participants ascribe moral obligations to journalistic institutions. Interviewees emphasise the predominance of market-driven interests over ethical values as one of the main threats to journalism. However, differences between the perceptions of journalists and media executives reveal that the latter believe that journalistic ethics pertain to individual journalists.
Evaluating the quality of web communication in nautical tourism: A suggested approach
Authors: Benevolo Clara , Spinelli Riccardo
Published: April 2016

In this article, the quality of web communication in nautical tourism is assessed, through an analysis of tourist ports websites. Tourist ports address their offer to a large variety of actual and potential customers (boaters, charter companies, crews, etc.), with every group having different drivers for interest in the port, variable expectations and specific needs to be satisfied. As a consequence, tourist ports should be capable of fine tuning their communication strategies and tools to the peculiarities of each group, to attract potential users, provide useful information to actual users and generally encourage loyalty toward the port itself. Websites, given their potential in reaching a wide international audience with rich and adaptable contents, play a major role in this purpose. This article puts forward an original evaluation tool to measure the quality of tourist ports websites, in terms of both quantity and value of the information provided; this tool is subsequently tested on a sample of tourist ports in Northern Sardinia (Italy), an area of great importance for nautical tourism in the Mediterranean Sea. Our work not only supports theoretical reflection about the quality of web communication in nautical tourism but also contributes practical recommendations to port managers on how to improve the quality of the port website.
Secure Welfare Services: Risk, Security and Rights of Vulnerable Young People in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Crowe Kate
Published: April 2016

The Victorian Children Youth and Families Act 2005 authorises the detention of children aged 10–17 years in Secure Welfare Services (SWS) if there is a substantial and immediate risk of harm. Children are generally on protection orders and administratively detained by the Department of Human Services. In 2014, the Children, Youth and Families Amendment (Security Measures) Bill 2013 was passed uncontested in parliament. It codifies existing SWS practices including searches, seizure of property, use of force and seclusion. The Security Measures Bill and associated government discourse construct children as risk and security as a necessary precursor to meeting their welfare needs. These conceptualisations problematise the safeguarding of children’s rights.
Professionals’ critical positionings of women as help-seekers: Finnish women’s narratives of help-seeking during post-separation stalking
Authors: Nikupeteri Anna
Published: April 2016

The study explores how women victims of post-separation stalking perceive the positions ascribed to them in the help-seeking process by social workers and other professionals. Applying positioning theory, the research identifies ‘critical’ positionings, namely, those hindering the women in seeking help. The ultimate aim of the inquiry is to inform professional practices by identifying how professionals position victims of stalking and the risks of misinterpretation this process entails. The data comprise narratives of 15 Finnish female victims of stalking, who were interviewed either individually or together with a professional (social worker, shelter worker or therapist) who had worked with them. A total of five such professionals participated in conducting the interviews. The analysis of the women’s perceptions posits four critical positionings: Professionals viewed them as (1) alienating parents, (2) unprotective mothers, (3) overcautious women and/or (4) implausible victims. These determinations are seen as rooted in considerations of morality, accountability, rationality and agency. The findings indicate that the complex nature of stalking, women’s reactions to it and the ambivalent appearance of their strategies for dealing with stalking may pose obstacles to professionals in positioning them as help-seekers. This in turn may hinder women in their efforts to receive adequate help or even victimise them further. The study highlights that client–professional interaction in the context of post-separation stalking needs to be more victim-sensitive. It suggests that when analysing women’s situations and providing help, professionals should be more mindful of women’s own understandings and valorise their sensitive experiences.
Eyes Wide Open
Authors: Manesi Zoi , Van Lange Paul A. M. , Pollet Thomas V.
Published: April 2016

Research from evolutionary psychology suggests that the mere presence of eye images can promote prosocial behavior. However, the “eye images effect” is a source of considerable debate, and findings across studies have yielded somewhat inconsistent support. We suggest that one critical factor may be whether the eyes really need to be watching to effectively enhance prosocial behavior. In three experiments, we investigated the impact of eye images on prosocial behavior, assessed in a laboratory setting. Participants were randomly assigned to view an image of watching eyes (eyes with direct gaze), an image of nonwatching eyes (i.e., eyes closed for Study 1 and averted eyes for Studies 2 and 3), or an image of flowers (control condition). Upon exposure to the stimuli, participants decided whether or not to help another participant by completing a dull cognitive task. Three independent studies produced somewhat mixed results. However, combined analysis of all three studies, with a total of 612 participants, showed that the watching component of the eyes is important for decision-making in this context. Images of watching eyes led to significantly greater inclination to offer help as compared to images of nonwatching eyes (i.e., eyes closed and averted eyes) or images of flowers. These findings suggest that eyes gazing at an individual, rather than any proxy to social presence (e.g., just the eyes), serve as a reminder of reputation. Taken together, we conclude that it is “eyes that pay attention” that can lift the veil of anonymity and potentially facilitate prosocial behavior.
‘EU-on-demand’: developing national qualifications frameworks in a multi-level context
Authors: Elken Mari
Published: April 2016

The development of comprehensive national qualifications frameworks (NQFs) across Europe has been sparked by the introduction of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) in 2008. Taking an institutional perspective, this article examines the development of NQFs in three countries, in light of developments that have taken place at the European level. The three cases (Estonia, Ireland, Norway) show how these processes are highly dependent on the links to the European level, the sequence of the process, how the European initiative is coupled to national issues, actor involvement locally and the time available. The article shows the potentially problematic nature of introducing European solutions on a national level as agenda-setting processes can become omitted and ad hoc linkages to national policy domains can be weakly developed.
Understanding the Career Development of Underprepared College Students
Authors: Hughes Amber N. , Gibbons Melinda M.
Published: April 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the career development of underprepared college students using relational career theory. Specifically, the constructs of family influence, locus of control, and career decision-making self-efficacy were explored as they relate to perceived success in college. Significant correlations between external locus of control and family expectations, financial support, and values and beliefs were found indicating that greater family influence is related to external control. Additionally, higher levels of career decision-making self-efficacy were related to internal locus of control and informational support from family. These findings support previous research as well as theorized relational career theory connections.
Serratia marcescens Bullous Cellulitis in a Splenectomized Patient
Authors: Fournier John B. , Dabiri Ganary , Thomas Vinod , Skowron Gail , Carson Polly , Falanga Vincent
Published: April 2016

Serratia marcescens is a Gram-negative bacillus belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Cutaneous infection with Serratia is rare, and usually occurs in immunocompromised individuals. Primary cutaneous infections are uncommon, but they are typically severe and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The pathogenetic factors leading to S. marcescens infection are not fully understood, but contributing virulence factors include proteases, secreted exotoxins, and the formation of biofilm. We report a case of cellulitis occurring in a splenectomized patient, which led to multiple wound debridements and a transmetatarsal amputation. This dramatic case led us to review the published literature on soft tissue infections caused by S. marcescens.
Nanoallergens: A multivalent platform for studying and evaluating potency of allergen epitopes in cellular degranulation
Authors: Deak Peter E , Vrabel Maura R , Pizzuti Vincenzo J , Kiziltepe Tanyel , Bilgicer Basar
Published: April 2016

Degranulation caused by type I hypersensitivity (allergies) is a complex biophysical process, and available experimental models for studying relevant immunoglobulin E binding epitopes on allergen proteins lack the ability to adequately evaluate, rank, and associate these epitopes individually and with each other. In this study, we propose a new allergy model system for studying potential allergen epitopes using nanoallergens, liposomes modified to effectively display IgE binding epitopes/haptens. By utilizing the covalently conjugated lipid tails on two hapten molecules (dinitrophenol and dansyl), hapten molecules were successfully incorporated into liposomes with high precision to form nanoallergens. Nanoallergens, with precisely controlled high-particle valency, can trigger degranulation with much greater sensitivity than commonly used bovine serum albumin conjugates. In rat basophil leukemia cell experiments, nanoallergens with only 2% hapten loading were able to trigger degranulation in vitro at concentrations as low as 10 pM. Additionally, unlike bovine serum albumin-hapten conjugates, nanoallergens allow exact control over particle size and valency. By varying the nanoallergen parameters such as size, valency, monovalent affinity of hapten, and specific IgE ratios, we exposed the importance of these variables on degranulation intensity while demonstrating nanoallergens’ potential for evaluating both high- and low-affinity epitopes. The data presented in this article establish nanoallergen platform as a reliable and versatile allergy model to study and evaluate allergen epitopes in mast cell degranulation.
Healthcare in the age of open innovation – A literature review
Authors: Wass Sofie , Vimarlund Vivian
Published: April 2016

Background:

In spite of an increased interest in open innovation and strategies that call for an increased collaboration between different healthcare actors, there is a lack of open innovation research in public contexts.

Objective:

This article presents the results of a review regarding the healthcare sector’s engagement in open innovation as well as constraining factors and positive outcomes of open innovation in healthcare.

Method:

The literature search focused on papers published in English between 2003 and 2014. Based on specified inclusion criteria, 18 articles were included.

Results:

Results reveal that most studies focus on inbound open innovation where external knowledge is integrated with the internal knowledge base at an initial phase of the innovation process. Innovation primarily results in products and services through innovation networks. We also identified constraining factors for open innovation in healthcare, including the complex organizations of healthcare, the need to establish routines for capturing knowledge from patients and clinicians, regulations and healthcare data laws as well as the positive outcome patient empowerment.

Conclusion:

The healthcare sector’s engagement in open innovation is limited, and it is necessary to perform further research with a focus on how open innovation can be managed in healthcare.
Adverse events and near misses relating to information management in a hospital
Authors: Jylhä Virpi , Bates David W , Saranto Kaija
Published: April 2016

Objective:

This study described information management incidents and adverse event reporting choices of health professionals.

Methods:

Hospital adverse events reported in an anonymous electronic reporting system were analysed using directed content analysis and descriptive and inferential statistics. The data consisted of near miss and adverse event incident reports ( n = 3075) that occurred between January 2008 and the end of December 2009.

Results:

A total of 824 incidents were identified. The most common information management incident was failure in written information transfer and communication, when patient data were copied or documented incorrectly. Often patient data were transferred using paper even though an electronic patient record was in use. Reporting choices differed significantly among professional groups; in particular, registered nurses reported more events than other health professionals.

Conclusion:

A broad spectrum of information management incidents was identified, which indicates that preventing adverse events requires the development of safe practices, especially in documentation and information transfer.
Design and Methods of a Randomized Trial of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes With Impaired Glycemic Control Treated With Multiple Daily Insulin Injections (GOLD Study)
Authors: Lind Marcus , Polonsky William , Hirsch Irl B. , Heise Tim , Bolinder Jan , Dahlqvist Sofia , Pehrsson Nils-Gunnar , Moström Peter
Published: April 2016

Background:

The majority of individuals with type 1 diabetes today have glucose levels exceeding guidelines. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate whether continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), using the Dexcom G4 stand-alone system, improves glycemic control in adults with type 1 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI).

Methods:

Individuals with type 1 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.5% = 58 mmol/mol) treated with MDI were randomized in a cross-over design to the Dexcom G4 versus conventional care for 6 months followed by a 4-month wash-out period. Masked CGM was performed before randomization, during conventional treatment, and during the wash-out period to evaluate effects on hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and glycemic variability. Questionnaires were used to evaluate diabetes treatment satisfaction, fear of hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia confidence, diabetes-related distress, overall well-being, and physical activity during the different phases of the trial. The primary endpoint was the difference in HbA1c at the end of each treatment phase.

Results:

A total of 205 patients were screened, of whom 161 were randomized between February and December 2014. Study completion is anticipated in April 2016.

Conclusions:

It is expected that the results of this study will establish whether using the Dexcom G4 stand-alone system in individuals with type 1 diabetes treated with MDI improves glycemic control, reduces hypoglycemia, and influences quality-of-life indicators and glycemic variability.
Atrial fibrillation and flutter following coronary artery bypass graft surgery: A retrospective study and review
Authors: Premaratne Shyamal , Premaratne Ishani D , Fernando Naomi D , Williams Lashira , Hasaniya Nahidh W
Published: April 2016

Introduction and objectives

Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Its incidence can range from 10 to 60% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft. This rhythm can result in shorter or longer intervals between beats.

Methods

Medical records of 143 patients from the Queen’s Medical Center, Kuakini Medical Center, Saint Francis Medical Center, and Straub Hospital and Clinic, all of which are located in Honolulu, Hawaii were reviewed. An additional 39 records of patients who did not develop these complications were also reviewed as a control group. Patients were selected according to the ICD codes for atrial fibrillation/flutter and coronary artery bypass graft. Both anomalies can lead to increased health care costs, morbidity, and mortality. In this study, possible predisposing factors to these complications were investigated. The time of onset, weight gain, elapsed time, fluid status (in/out), hematocrit, and drug regimens were compared between the two groups.

Results

The differences in weight gain, fluid status, and hematocrit between the groups were not significant. There were a total of 17 different drugs prescribed to the group as a whole but not every patient received the same regimen.

Conclusions

Atrial fibrillation and flutter were found to be more common in males, particularly between the ages of 60 and 69 years. There were no other significant findings.
Visual Intimacy on Social Media: From Selfies to the Co-Construction of Intimacies Through Shared Pictures
Authors: Miguel Cristina
Published: April 2016

This article is based on a study that analyzes the use of pictures to build and convey intimacy through social media interactions across two platforms of different genres: Badoo (dating/hook-up platform) and Facebook. The study explores what kinds of pictures participants (aged 25–49 years) consider to be intimate and whether they disclose those kinds of images through these platforms. My discussion moves from the photographs (often portraits and selfies) that participants choose to disclose in order to (re)present themselves on the network to the topic of negotiating the publication of pictures with other users. Participants mainly identified as intimate sexy pictures and images showing sexual orientation or relationships status. In the context of Badoo, double sexual standards were found to be a key issue in the disclosure of sexy pictures. For Facebook, associated intimacy and censoring of images, with revelation of sexual orientation, publication of relationship status, and sharing of emotions with wider or unintended audiences, were the main topics discussed. Using in-depth interviews and user profile analysis, the aim of this article is to understand the roles of images within public intimacy practices in different types of relationships across two distinct social media platforms.
Separating the Different Domains of Reading Intervention Programs
Authors: Horowitz-Kraus Tzipi , Finucane Sarah
Published: April 2016

Providing a child with reading difficulties with the appropriate reading intervention as early as possible is critical to prevent future academic failure. As reading is composed of several sub-components (phonology, orthography, fluency, comprehension), choosing the appropriate intervention may be confusing. Here, we attempt to provide an up-to-date review of different reading intervention programs and their outcomes that currently are available for children 4 to 16 years of age. We also introduce the possible beneficial effect of including a component of executive-functions training to reading curricula to enhance the effects of reading intervention programs. These programs are separated by the sub-components of reading that each is designed to address, with discussion based on several leading models for reading acquisition. Our aim is to direct educators, professionals, and researchers to the most appropriate intervention according to either their domain of interest or the child’s needs.
Cutaneous presentation of Double Hit Lymphoma
Authors: Khelfa Yousef , Lebowicz Yehuda
Published: April 2016

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), representing approximately 25% of diagnosed NHL. DLBCL is heterogeneous disease both clinically and genetically. The 3 most common chromosomal translocations in DLBCL involve the oncogenes BCL2, BCL6, and MYC. Double hit (DH) DLBCL is an aggressive form in which MYC rearrangement is associated with either BCL2 or BCL6 rearrangement. Patients typically present with a rapidly growing mass, often with B symptoms. Extranodal disease is often present. Though there is a paucity of prospective trials in this subtype, double hit lymphoma (DHL) has been linked to very poor outcomes when patients are treated with standard R-CHOP. There is, therefore, a lack of consensus regarding the standard treatment for DHL. Several retrospective analyses have been conducted to help guide treatment of this disease. These suggest that DA EPOCH-R may be the most promising regimen and that achievement of complete resolution predicts better long-term outcomes.
Relationships Between Sexting, Self-Esteem, and Sensation Seeking Among Australian Young Adults
Authors: Scholes-Balog Kirsty , Francke Nicole , Hemphill Sheryl
Published: April 2016

The influence of information communication technology has brought about the phenomenon of sexting. Sexting is defined as sending, receiving, or forwarding on sexually explicit messages and images via the Internet or a mobile phone. The current study investigated relationships between sexting, sensation seeking, and self-esteem. Sexting was categorized in six ways: sending (1) sexually suggestive photos or videos, (2) photos or videos wearing lingerie, (3) nude photos or videos, (4) sexually suggestive text messages, (5) text messages propositioning sex, and (6) forwarding on or showing others sexts which were meant to be kept private. The sample comprised 583 young adults (80% female, Mage = 20.72 years, SDage = 2.13) who participated in an online survey. The strongest predictor of sending all types of sexts was being in a relationship (compared to being single). In addition, high self-esteem was associated with reduced odds of sending nude photos/videos, while high sensation seeking was associated with increased odds of sending suggestive texts and texts propositioning sex. Finally, high self-esteem was associated with decreased odds, and high sensation seeking with increased odds, of forwarding on sexts which were meant to be kept private. This pattern of associations points to differences underlying engagement in the various types of sexting behaviors. Such information can be used by educators, parents, and clinicians to raise awareness of traits which make an individual more likely to engage in sexting, with a view to prevention and education about the risks of sexting and violation of privacy.
On Animal Societies: Biology, Sociology, and the Class Struggle in France
Authors: Brower Brady
Published: April 2016

During France's Third Republic, a wide-ranging discourse about animal societies offered a particularly powerful way to redefine the ideological underpinnings of human association in the republican national state. Drawing on precedents in comparative anatomy and physiology, Alfred Espinas drafted his pioneering work Animal Societies (1877) in the wake of a period of pronounced national failure. In what was widely recognized as the “first chapter” in French sociology, Espinas's work signaled a growing struggle in the French university that echoed a larger struggle in the early Third Republic between different elements of the national bourgeoisie. Biology was critical to this struggle because it offered conceptual resources that the largely liberal terms of French academic philosophy did not possess for conceptualizing the differentiation and interdependence of social elements. Organicism thus provided a strong set of ideological tools for regulating hierarchical social relations between classes in a period of working-class agitation and organization. At the same time, the prestige of biology allowed a newly emergent element of the lower middle classes to pursue its social ambitions in the university field at the expense of an established academic elite.
Biopolitics and Population Aesthetics
Authors: Mitchell Robert
Published: April 2016

This essay employs the concept of population to articulate the logic of a dominant style of contemporary thought, practice, and affect. This style, which underwrites cultural productions as diverse as reality TV, para-scholarly endeavors such as Wikipedia, and biomedical initiatives such as personalized medicine, hinges upon locating individual idiosyncrasies within large populations. The essay's first two sections draw on Michel Foucault's account of the historical emergence of biopolitics to illuminate the metaphysical assumptions that underwrite the modern concept of population. The third section proposes that these assumptions allow us to see the concept of population as an implicit media theory (i.e., populations are media that capture individual variations) and provides as an early twentieth-century example Leland Stanford's interest in applying horse trotter breeding techniques to human populations. Sections four and five sketch the expansion of population logic in the post-WWII period in areas such as the US higher educational system, personalized health, and the neoliberal concept of “the market.” The sixth section proposes that these developments eventuate in “population aesthetics,” as the logic of population becomes the enabling frame for judgments concerning what is beautiful and ugly, as well as for our intuitive sense of the relationships between individuals and collectives.
Same-Sex Marriage and the Queer Politics of Dissensus
Authors: Trott Ben
Published: April 2016

In many liberal polities, there is an emerging “common sense” that it is unjust to deny same-sex couples the right to marry, if they so choose. This popular conception of things could certainly claim support in the liberal political philosophy of John Rawls and others. Yet, as many queer critics have noted, the rights won through “marriage equality” are also caught up with significant dangers and difficulties, including the displacement of what, drawing on the work of Jacques Rancière, I call a queer politics of “dissensus” by a new “homonormative” consensus. In itself, however, a straightforward rejection of same-sex marriage, along with the norms and normativities it doubtless helps reproduce, would do little to contest the operations of power that animate them, as even marriage's most trenchant queer critics recognize. I argue that the recent rapid rise in support for same-sex couples' access to the rights marriage confers partly derives from the precariousness experienced in these times of political economic crisis, which follow the widespread elimination of less privatized forms of security by decades of neoliberalism. As such, a queer politics of dissensus today would need to entail processes of “de-individualization” and the production of new collective political subjects capable of demanding rights shareable in ways that create space for queer forms of life, including those illegible to the institution of marriage.
Race and the Critique of Marriage
Authors: Reddy Chandan
Published: April 2016

This essay considers whether the achievement of “marriage equality” marks a distinct social and historical event and changed context, one that queer theory in particular must pause for, grapple with, and perhaps even rethink itself in relation to. It problematizes and interrogates the national temporality that marriage equality institutes on us and on our inquiries. And it argues for critique as a specific politics of knowledge, one that interrogates the link between the concrete production of a rational temporality and state power. Through queer of color critique it reveals the inextricably braided epistemological conditions that make marriage equality compatible with the abrogation of the Voting Rights Act and black political autonomy. And it challenges queer theory to take up race as an alternative contingent foundation for thinking about and engaging the time we collectively inhabit and the projects of queer theory.
Identification of benzopyrone as a common structural feature in compounds with anti-inflammatory activity in a zebrafish phenotypic screen
Authors: Robertson Anne L. , Ogryzko Nikolay V. , Henry Katherine M. , Loynes Catherine A. , Foulkes Matthew J. , Meloni Marco M. , Wang Xingang , Ford Christopher , Jackson Malcolm , Ingham Philip W. , Wilson Heather L. , Farrow Stuart N. , Solari Roberto , Flower Roderick J. , Jones Simon , Whyte Moira K. B. , Renshaw Stephen A.
Published: April 2016

Neutrophils are essential for host defence and are recruited to sites of inflammation in response to tissue injury or infection. For inflammation to resolve, these cells must be cleared efficiently and in a controlled manner, either by apoptosis or reverse migration. If the inflammatory response is not well-regulated, persistent neutrophils can cause damage to host tissues and contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, which respond poorly to current treatments. It is therefore important to develop drug discovery strategies that can identify new therapeutics specifically targeting neutrophils, either by promoting their clearance or by preventing their recruitment. Our recent in vivo chemical genetic screen for accelerators of inflammation resolution identified a subset of compounds sharing a common chemical signature, the bicyclic benzopyrone rings. Here, we further investigate the mechanisms of action of the most active of this chemical series, isopimpinellin, in our zebrafish model of neutrophilic inflammation. We found that this compound targets both the recruitment and resolution phases of the inflammatory response. Neutrophil migration towards a site of injury is reduced by isopimpinellin and this occurs as a result of PI3K inhibition. We also show that isopimpinellin induces neutrophil apoptosis to drive inflammation resolution in vivo using a new zebrafish reporter line detecting in vivo neutrophil caspase-3 activity and allowing quantification of flux through the apoptotic pathway in real time. Finally, our studies reveal that clinically available ‘cromones’ are structurally related to isopimpinellin and have previously undescribed pro-resolution activity in vivo. These findings could have implications for the therapeutic use of benzopyrones in inflammatory disease.
Balanço Editorial
Authors: Prado Otavio
Published: April 2016

Balanço editorial de 2014
Avaliação de sítios municipais da Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória-ES
Authors: Bodart Cristiano das Neves , Torres Kamille Ramos , Silva Roniel Sampaio
Published: April 2016

Este artigo tem por objetivo avaliar e ranquear os sítios públicos municipais da Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória (ES), observando indicadores de acessibilidade, usabilidade e transparência. Trata-se de um trabalho predominantemente quantitativo, desenvolvido a partir de critérios preestabelecidos de avaliação e classificação, fundamentados nos artigos 8o, 10 e 30 da Lei Federal n. 12.527, de 18 de novembro de 2011, e no art. 17 da Lei Federal n. 10.098, de 19 de dezembro de 2000. Identificamos que os sítios analisados ainda estão distantes de proporcionar condições para que haja uma accountability vertical, o que é agravado pela ausência de accountability horizontal
Relação entre indicadores de gestão pública e de desenvolvimento dos municípios brasileiros
Authors: Leite Filho Geraldo Alemandro , Fialho Tânia Marta Maia
Published: April 2016

O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi avaliar a relação entre os indicadores de gestão pública (IFGF – Índice Firjan de Gestão Fiscal) e os de desenvolvimento dos municípios brasileiros (IFDM – Índice Firjan de Desenvolvimento Municipal). Os dados foram de mensuração anual, secundários, dispostos em um painel referente aos anos de 2006 a 2011. Observaram-se, nos municípios brasileiros, nível de desenvolvimento médio moderado e indicadores de gestão pública municipal em dificuldade crítica, excluindo-se o custo da dívida e gastos com pessoal, variáveis que foram analisadas pela Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal ao longo do tempo. Verificou-se que os municípios apresentam oscilações temporais nos investimentos públicos municipais, em períodos cíclicos cujas trajetórias coincidem com períodos antes das eleições. Os resultados das regressões de dados em painel evidenciaram que o desenvolvimento municipal foi explicado em 33,75% pelo conjunto dos indicadores de gestão pública municipal com PIB Per capita municipal.
Democracia deliberativa: uma análise do decreto nº 8.243
Authors: Sundermann Jorge , Pereira José Roberto , Alves Claudemir Francisco , Brito Mozar José de
Published: April 2016

O propósito deste artigo é identificar aproximações entre elementos da teoria da democracia deliberativa e o Decreto n. 8.243 da Presidência da República do Brasil, de maio de 2014, que institui a Política Nacional de Participação Social (PNPS) e o Sistema Nacional de Participação Social (SNPS). Diversos autores consideram a democracia deliberativa adequada à contemporaneidade de valorizar e criar condições de uma participação direta do cidadão na definição de políticas públicas e de práticas de administração pública. Considerando os objetivos e as diretrizes de fortalecer e articular mecanismos e instâncias democráticas de diálogo e criar condições de atuação conjunta entre administração pública federal e sociedade civil, observaram-se nesse Decreto diversos elementos democrático-deliberativos importantes para a consolidação da democracia brasileira. Observou-se também a coerência entre o Decreto e as perspectivas democráticas previstas na Constituição Federal de 1988, que prevê que o cidadão pode exercer seu poder democrático diretamente ou por meio de representantes eleitos.
The Soldier's Life: Early Byzantine Masculinity and the Manliness of War
Authors: STEWART Michael Edward
Published: April 2016

Στην εργασία υποστηρίζεται ότι οι λόγιοι του Ανατολικού Ρωμαϊκού Κράτους προβάλλουν καθιερωμένα πολεμικά ιδεώδη ως πρότυπα της εξιδανικευμένης ανδροπρεπούς συμπεριφοράς, συντελώντας στην διατήρηση τόσο του θαυμασμού προς τον αρρενωπό Ρωμαίο στρατιώτη, όσο και των αναμνήσεων του ανδροπρεπούς imperium της Ρώμης.
Nurse handover: patient and staff experiences
Authors: Bruton Jane , Norton Christine , Smyth Natasha , Ward Helen , Day Sophie
Published: April 2016

Aim and objectives: to understand the purpose, impact and experience of nurse handover from patient and staff perspectives. Background: poor communication is increasingly recognised as a major factor in healthcare errors. Handover is a key risk point. Little consensus exists regarding the practice in nursing but the trend is towards bedside handover. Research on patient and staff experiences of handover is limited. Design: a qualitative and observational study on two acute wards in a large urban hospital in the UK. Methods: interviews conducted with patients and staff and observation of handovers, ward rounds and patient–staff interactions. Results: diverse forms of nurse handover were found, used in combination: office based (whole nursing team), nurse in charge (NIC) to NIC, and bedside. Patients' and nurses' views concurred on the purpose of bedside handover—transference of information about the patient between two nurses—and about the medical ward round, which was seen as a discussion with the patient. Views diverged regarding the purpose and value of office handover. Bedside handover differed in style, content, and place of delivery, often driven by concerns regarding confidentiality and talking over patients, and there were varied views on the benefits of patient involvement in bedside handover. Nurses worked beyond their shift end to complete handover. Communication problems within the clinical team were identified by staff and patients. Conclusions: while it is important to agree the purpose of handover and develop appropriate structure, content and style, it need not be a uniform process in all clinical areas. Nurse training to deliver bedside handover and patient information on the purpose of handover and the patient's role would be beneficial.
Assessment of alcohol use in health professionals during the economic crisis
Authors: Saridi Maria , Karra Aphrodite , Kourakos Michael , Souliotis Kyriakos
Published: April 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of alcohol in health professionals during the economic crisis in Greece. The sample included 579 health professionals. Despite the fact that alcohol consumption was low and women held more negative views on the effectiveness of its use compared to men, they consumed more than men both in quantity (mean 1.57 vs 1.46, p=0.291) and in frequency (mean 1.98 vs 1.73, p=0.132). Employees with a higher level of education expressed more opposition to the use of alcohol than those with a basic level of education (93.5% vs 66.7%, p=0.004). There was a significant positive correlation between the amount of alcohol consumed after a stressful event and the frequency with which this amount of alcohol consumption occurred in workers.
Moving from a blame culture to a learning culture in the NHS
Authors: Glasper Alan
Published: April 2016

Emeritus Professor Alan Glasper, from the University of Southampton, discusses the latest initiative from Secretary of State for Health, Jeremy Hunt, to foster a culture of learning from past mistakes
Responses to environmental and socio-economic changes in the Karangwangi traditional agroforestry system, South Cianjur, West Java
Authors: ISKANDAR JOHAN , ISKANDAR BUDIAWATI SUPANGKAT , PARTASASMITA RUHYAT
Published: April 2016

Iskandar J, Iskandar BS, Partasasmita R. 2016. Responses to environmental and socio-economic changes in theÂ Karangwangi traditional agroforestry system, South Cianjur, West Java. Biodiversitas 17: 332-341. In the past, the swidden agriculturesystem (huma) was dominant in village frontiers of West Java; including in the Karangwangi Village of Cidaun Sub-district, Cianjur District, West Java Province. Culturally, each Karangwangi household owned a right to cultivate upland rice (huma) by felling mature forest (leuweung). Moreover, the land was planted by upland rice and other annual crops, such as corn, cassava, cucumber, and various beans. After harvesting rice and other annual crops, the land was fallowed and transformed into secondary forest (reuma) through natural succession. Moreover, the mature secondary forestÂ (reuma kolot) could be opened for rice planting again in the following year or fallowed for more than 3-5 years. People will shift to another piece of mature secondary forest for rice planting. Today, because ofÂ increasing population, decreasing forests, and increasing market economic penetration, the Karangwangi people have predominantlyÂ practiced the swidden farming in the non-forest instead of the forest. The forests had culturally been converted to traditional agroforestry systems, such as mixed-garden (kebon tatangkalan),Â Â and homegarden (pekarangan). This paper discusses the process of evolution of the swidden farming and innovatory cultural practice among the Karangwangi community, South Cianjur, West Java, in management of the traditional agroforestry systems which have been dynamically affected by ecological and socio-economic changes. Four parts are presented in this paper. In part one, we account for the Karangwangi people used to practice the swidden farming in the forest when the forest area that was still abundant. In part two, we discuss a focus on process of the evolution of the swidden farming, transformed to the traditional agroforestry systems In part three, we elaborate on some changes of the traditional agroforestry system and responses to environmental changes. In part four, it is summarized and inferred of the paper. Based on this study, it can be inferred that byÂ developing innovatory cultural practice, Karangwangi people of South Cianjur, West Java have tended to success to evolve their swidden farming to new condition of the traditional agroforestry systems in sustainable way, despite population growth, the depletion of the forests, and intensive market economic penetration.
Prevalence of pelvic floor symptoms in female patients attending the two-week wait clinic with suspected colorectal cancer
Authors: Bennett J , Greenwood A , Durdey P , Glancy D
Published: April 2016

Introduction

The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of pelvic floor symptoms in women referred to a colorectal two-week wait (2WW) clinic with suspected colorectal cancer.

Methods

A questionnaire assessing faecal incontinence (FI) (Wexner score) and obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) (Renzi score) was offered to 98 consecutive female patients attending a colorectal 2WW clinic at a single trust.

Results

Overall, 56 (57%) of the 98 patients had significant ODS and/or FI (scores >9/20), 33 (34%) had ODS and 40 (41%) had FI. Seventeen patients (17%) had both ODS and FI. Analysis of the 63 patients referred with a change in bowel habit (CIBH) showed 40 (63%) to be Renzi and/or Wexner positive compared with 16 (46%) of the 35 patients who presented without CIBH (p=0.095, Fisher’s exact test). Further analysis showed that 31 (78%) of the 40 patients with FI presented with CIBH compared with 32 (55%) of the 58 without FI (p=0.032). In terms of ODS, 23 (70%) of the 33 patients with ODS presented with CIBH compared with 40 (62%) of the 65 without ODS (p=0.506).

Conclusions

Over half of the female patients attending our colorectal 2WW clinic had significant pelvic floor dysfunction (FI/ODS), which may account for their symptoms (especially in the CIBH referral category). While it is important for malignancy to be excluded, many patients may benefit from investigation and management of their pelvic floor dysfunction as the cause for their presenting symptoms.
Abusive Experiences and Young Women's Sexual Health Outcomes: Is Condom Negotiation Self‐Efficacy a Mediator?
Authors: Jones Kelley A. , Cornelius Marie D. , Silverman Jay G. , Tancredi Daniel J. , Decker Michele R. , Haggerty Catherine L. , De Genna Natacha M. , Miller Elizabeth
Published: April 2016

CONTEXT

Intimate partner violence and reproductive coercion are associated with unintended pregnancies and STDs. Greater condom negotiation self‐efficacy among young women may mediate these associations.

METHODS

A sample of 841 female adolescents (aged 16–19) and 1,387 young adult women (aged 20–24) recruited from 24 family planning clinics in western Pennsylvania in 2011–2012 reported on intimate partner violence, reproductive coercion, condom negotiation self‐efficacy and sexual health outcomes at baseline and four‐ and 12‐month follow‐ups. Mixed models were used to test associations of intimate partner violence and reproductive coercion with unintended pregnancy and STD diagnosis. The Sobel test of mediation was used to measure indirect effects of condom negotiation self‐efficacy.

RESULTS

At baseline, 15% of adolescents and 11% of young adults reported recent intimate partner violence victimization; 7% and 6%, respectively, reported recent reproductive coercion. For both age‐groups, intimate partner violence and reproductive coercion were associated with a reduced level of condom negotiation self‐efficacy (coefficients, −0.27 to −0.13) and increased odds of STD diagnosis (odds ratios, 1.03–1.1). However, only reproductive coercion was associated with unintended pregnancy (odds ratios, 1.1 for each group). The only association that condom negotiation self‐efficacy mediated was between reproductive coercion and unintended pregnancy among young adults (17% of total effect).

CONCLUSIONS

Targeting condom negotiation self‐efficacy alone in abusive relationships would likely not translate into improved sexual health outcomes in this population. Other strategies are needed to prevent unintended pregnancy and STDs.
Kawaii, kenosis, Verwindung: A reading of kawaii through Vattimo’s philosophy of ‘weak thought’
Authors: Botz-Bornstein Thorsten
Published: April 2016

Kawaii is different from the western cute because it may also include ‘cool’. The paradoxical coexistence of weakness and strength, of cute and cool, is interesting in philosophical terms. Kawaii is not simply weak but equipped with its own kind of strength. In this article, I explore kawaii by using philosophical ideas linked to the paradigm of ‘strength out of weakness’ that appears in the so-called ‘weak thought’ philosophy of Gianni Vattimo. The Heideggerian term Verwindung (twisting) as it is used by Vattimo, is at the centre of this analysis. Vattimo’s philosophy is also based on the Christian idea of kenosis, a classic theological term that can be translated as ‘weakening’. Feminist theologians use the concept of kenosis in order to ‘feminize’ theology. It is in this context that kawaii can be shown as bringing together such antagonistic qualities as submission and subversion. Vattimo’s Verwindung describes the effect of distortion to which gender distinctions are submitted through the impact of kawaii. As a result, kawaii should be seen as femininity without metanarratives because kawaii strips feminist gestures of their metaphysical features.
‘But I am a kid’: Optimizing adolescence in Oshii Mamoru’s The Sky Crawlers
Authors: Nelson Lindsay
Published: April 2016

Oshii Mamoru’s 2008 film The Sky Crawlers imagines a world in which cloned adolescents (Kildren) are made to fight staged aerial battles for the entertainment of the TV-viewing public. This article uses the narrative and visual aesthetic of The Sky Crawlers to examine what it means to be an adolescent, a killer, and a human being in a world where reality and spectacle have become indistinguishable, and where both the bodies of young people and the very idea of adolescence (as a liminal state defined by a lack of experience in and wisdom about the world) have been commodified by corporations. The existence of the Kildren and the world they live in is made all the more vivid through the visual framework of anime, which has a long history of using contrasting drawing styles (hyper-real for machines, handdrawn for humans). This framework allows The Sky Crawlers to re-imagine the idea of ‘deathlessness’ in anime and manga, with the hand-drawn bodies of Kildren characters emphasizing the impermanent, recyclable nature of their existence. The film points to a world in which spectacle reigns supreme, and everything – bodies, emotions, the very concept of adolescence – has the potential to be optimized to enhance that spectacle.
Kyaraben (character bento): The cutesification of Japanese food in and beyond the lunchbox
Authors: Occhi Debra J.
Published: April 2016

The recent boom in cute characters (kyara) has permeated Japanese popular aesthetics to the extent that character-shaped foods have displaced the former emphasis on recreating natural objects in bento (packed lunches) created for preschoolers. Prior to this development, Anne Allison described bento as an ‘ideological state apparatus’. Under this rubric, learning to make a proper bento was a part of training women to be proper mothers of preschoolers, just as eating it quickly and completely helped train the children as model citizens. Contemporary mothers of small children, having been reared on Hello Kitty and her ilk, are now no longer simply the targets of character merchandizing, but the promulgators. Performing the domestic and educational rituals of kyaraben encourages women’s and children’s production and consumption of ‘character culture’.