bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self-Structured Breast Cancer Awareness among Female Adolescent
Authors: Pangestuti Rahayu Dewi , Armini Ni Ketut Alit , Dewi Lingga Curnia
Published: August 2021

Introduction:The incidence of breast cancer has increased every year, mostly in developing countries. However, breast cancer awareness in women is still insufficient. A woman must be aware of breast cancer disease earlier. This study aimed to describe breast cancer awareness in female adolescents.Methods: The research design was used descriptive-analytic. The study population consisted of female adolescents in 10th-11th grade at Vocational High School in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The sample was taken using stratified random sampling. There are 206 female adolescents aged 15-18 years old who participated in this study. Data collected using a self-structured breast cancer awareness questionnaire arranged by Breast Cancer Awareness Measurement (BCAM) guideline. The questionnaire consisted of breast cancer knowledge (disease, signs and symptoms, risk factors), perception, and BSE. The statistical analysis was using distribution frequency.Results: The result presented that the majority of female adolescents had high awareness (67,5%). The maximum score was knowledge of disease (3.28 ± 0.54) (table 3). The minimum score was risk factors knowledge (1.95 ± 0.69) and BSE (1.81 ± 0.78).Conclusion: The respondents have good knowledge of breast cancer disease yet understanding of risk factors is low. It is necessary to do counseling programs in school, particularly women's reproductive health and breast self-examination (BSE) due to improve knowledge of risk factors in female adolescents.
Health Education of Clean and Healthy Lifestyle using Card Telling Methods towards Diarrhea Prevention Among Children in Elementary School
Authors: Mufida Laila , Yunitasari Esti , Ulfiana Elida
Published: August 2021

Introduction:Diarrhea was one of the common diseases that easily acquired by school-age children. It is caused by a lack of health education about hygiene and health. Clean And healthy lifestyle education is one of the viable solutions to prevent diarrhea in elementary school-age children. The purpose of the research is to analyze the effect of health education hygiene and health behavior by using a card-telling method toward child elementary school-aged diarrhea prevention behavior.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design. The total number of respondents is 60 children. The respondents were recruited by purposive sampling method. The instrument of study is a card telling and modified the questionnaire adjacent to the previous study. The data were collected used questionnaires and observations than analyzed used significance of <0.05 Wilcoxon sign rank test and Mann-Whitney U test.Results: The Wilcoxon sign rank test result by using a card telling method has a total value p=0.000, then <0.05 there is the effect of the card telling method on hygiene and health behavior to preventing diarrhea knowledge, attitude, and action of the child elementary school age. The statistical analysis showed differences in post-test results between the control group and the treatment group with p=0.000.Conclusion: The card telling method could increase the level of knowledge, attitude, and skill of the child elementary school age. The nurse could use a card telling to achieve optimal results in giving the health education of children.
Does Gender Congruence Make a Difference in Female Members’ Volunteering Behaviors?
Authors: AbouAssi Khaldoun
Published: August 2021

This article examines the association between gender congruence—the extent to which members and senior managers or leaders are of the same gender—and volunteering behaviors of members in membership associations. Recognizing several limitations, we find that greater gender congruence has a positive effect on the breadth of volunteering (number of activities) as well as the level of satisfaction associated with these activities among female members. However, gender congruence is neither significantly related to the likelihood of volunteering nor to the depth of volunteering. In other words, having female figures in leadership positions do not necessarily mean that female members will be more likely to volunteer or assume more intense volunteer responsibilities.
Reproducibility assessment and uncertainty quantification in subjective dust source mapping
Authors: Sinclair Samantha , LeGrand Sandra
Published: August 2021

Accurate dust-source characterizations are critical for effectively modeling dust storms. A previous study developed an approach to manually map dust plume-head point sources in a geographic information system (GIS) framework using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery processed through dust-enhancement algorithms. With this technique, the location of a dust source is digitized and recorded if an analyst observes an unobscured plume head in the imagery. Because airborne dust must be sufficiently elevated for overland dust-enhancement algorithms to work, this technique may include up to 10 km in digitized dust-source location error due to downwind advection. However, the potential for error in this method due to analyst subjectivity has never been formally quantified. In this study, we evaluate a version of the methodology adapted to better enable reproducibility assessments amongst multiple analysts to determine the role of analyst subjectivity on recorded dust source location error. Four analysts individually mapped dust plumes in Southwest Asia and Northwest Africa using five years of MODIS imagery collected from 15 May to 31 August. A plume-source location is considered reproducible if the maximum distance between the analyst point-source markers for a single plume is ≤10 km. Results suggest analyst marker placement is reproducible; however, additional analyst subjectivity-induced error (7 km determined in this study) should be considered to fully characterize locational uncertainty. Additionally, most of the identified plume heads (> 90%) were not marked by all participating analysts, which indicates dust source maps generated using this technique may differ substantially between users.
Effect of socioeconomic status on risk of COVID-19: a population-based case-control study
Authors: Küçükali Hüseyin , Hayran Osman , İleri Şeyda , Kurt Berkay , Kuru Fatmanur , Nalbantoğlu Sena , Özbaş Burcu , Sezerol Mehmet Akif , Taşçı Yusuf
Published: August 2021

Most of the studies investigating the relationship between socioeconomic status and the occurrence of COVID-19 have limitations due to their ecological design. To investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status and individual-level risk of developing COVID-19, we conducted a population-based, age and gender matched, case-control study in a district of Istanbul. The case group was defined as all confirmed COVID-19 cases (n=232) in the district in a week of August 2020. The control group was matched with cases in terms of age and gender and selected randomly from the directory of the same primary care provider in the district in a 1:1 ratio. The socioeconomic status was measured by the Turkish Socioeconomic Status Index which considers its three dimensions: education, occupation, and income. 168 cases (72.4% response) and 168 controls are included in the study. The mean socioeconomic status score is 70.28±7.09 for cases and 69.25±7.46 for controls (p=0.201). 15.2% (n=25) of cases and 22.4% (n=37) of controls is in lower socioeconomic status group (p=0.091). The analysis did not reveal a statistically significant difference between study groups. Socioeconomic status may not a significant predictor of COVID-19 occurrence at the individual-level. The disease seems to be a common threat to all individuals.
Sudden cardiac death due to angiofibroma: a case report
Authors: Matheka Duncan Mwangangi , Walong Edwin , Jowi Christine Yuko
Published: August 2021

BackgroundAngiofibromas are benign but locally aggressive vascular tumours that commonly occur in the nasopharynx, neck and face. Angiofibromas located in sites other than head and neck regions are rare. We report a massive interventricular tumour in a 5-month-old who died suddenly.Case presentationWe present a 5-month-old who died suddenly due to a massive rare cardiac tumour. A post mortem carried out diagnosed it as angiofibroma on histopathology. At three months of age, he had a persisting cough for a week, with associated occasional wheezing and dyspnea that stopped after symptomatic treatment. A chest x-ray revealed a mild cardiomegaly. Serial echocardiograms showed a well circumscribed, homogenous, highly vascularized mass filling the left ventricle. Surgical intervention was planned.Conclusions: Cardiac angiofibromas are rare pediatric neoplasms and as seen in this report, invariably fatal. More insights into their pathogenesis, prevention and treatment are required.
Gravity cells as a necessary link in string theory. The formula for the gravitational constant, the formula for the mass of the electron, the formula for the minimum distance of the gravitational interaction. The coincidence of the results obtained by the formulas and the experimental data.
Authors: Chernov Andrey
Published: August 2021

In this study, a new concept is introduced into physics - gravitational cells. The gravitational cell hypothesis was organically integrated into string theory. As a result, using the Schwarzschild radius formula and the Coulomb formula, a gravitational formula in the region of black holes was obtained on the basis of two fundamental constants, and its exact value was determined. The value of the "usual" gravitational constant was also confirmed and the mass of the gravitational cell was obtained. The introduction of the hypothesis of gravitational cells into string theory made it possible to apply Planck's formula to gravitational interaction. As a result, a formula for the energy of a gravitational quantum and a formula for the vibrational velocity of a gravitational string were obtained. On this basis, the formula for the mass of the electron was obtained and its value was calculated, which coincided with the experimental mass of the electron. The exact minimum distance of the gravitational interaction was determined by the formula for the vibrational velocity of the gravitational string. This calculated minimum distance completely coincided with the known experimental data obtained when determining the Casimir effect (force).
Application of high hydrophilic antifouling nanofiltration membranes embedded with mesoporous carbon based nanoparticles for efficient dye removal and salt rejection
Authors: Asadi Azar , Gholami Foad , Zinatizadeh Ali Akbar , Jaberi Hasan
Published: August 2021

In this research, the application of mesoporous carbon CMK-3 and modified CMK-3 (M-CMK-3) to improve antifouling and rejection rate of polyethersulfone NF membrane was assessed. CMK-3 was modified with H-acid to increase hydrophilic characteristics of CMK-3. The synthesized CMK-3 and modified CMK-3 membranes exhibited a high pure water flux and also flux recovery ratio (up to 95%) compared with bare NF membrane. Also, the membranes with optimum additive loading (0.1wt%) of CMK-3 and M-CMK-3 were compared to reject different salts and dyes. From the obtained results, the membrane embedded with M-CMK-3 showed higher rejection rate rather than bare NF membrane (up to 95 % for Na2SO4and 64% for CaCl2) and also the flux permeability was increased from 6.44 for bare NF membrane to 20.11 kg/m2.h for the membrane embedded with M-CMK-3. A higher rejection data for different dyes under different pH conditions (up to 90%) was reported for the synthesized membrane embedded with M-CMK-3. After all, from the obtained data, M-CMK-3 with higher negative surface charge presented a higher performance to remove salts and dyes. This research was aimed to develop cost-effective NF membranes with high antifouling properties and super high filtration capacity for removing dyes and salts from wastewaters.
A Preliminary Study On The Relationship Between Humoral Immunity And Mortality Based On Climatic Factors
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxia , Hu Songtao , Ji Yongming , Wang Gang , Liu Guodan , Li Hui
Published: August 2021

Background: Climate affects cell-mediated cellular immunity and antibody mediated humoral immunity. As basic units of humoral immunity, antibodies regulate pathogens and prevent infection, which affect human health. However, the influence of atmospheric temperature and temperature differences on antibodies is still unclear. We provide basic evidence on this topic by analyzing the effects of ambient temperature on immune indexes and mortality.Method: Based on the physical examination data of a general hospital in a large city in China from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019, we analyzed the influence of atmospheric temperature and temperature differences from climatic factors on the concentrations of four kinds of antibodies (IgA, IgM, IgG and IgE) through an epidemiological survey. Relationships between the atmospheric temperature and mortality in the hospital and city were also discussed. On this basis, we explored the relationship between each immunoglobulin and the mortality rate in the hospital and city. To further verify the effects of ambient temperature on IgE related to respiratory system immunity, we designed a field experiment with an artificial environment near the human thermal comfort zone.Results: The changes of IgM and IgE have seasonal characteristics. There was a significantly positive correlation between ambient temperature and IgE concentration related to respiratory immunity in natural and artificial environments (natural environment: P=0.021, R 2 =0.428 in; artificial environment: P=0.009, Spearman=−0.495). The IgM and IgE levels were the inverted "U" type with the temperature difference, while the IgA and IgG levels were the "fishbone" type. The IgM and IgE concentrations were the highest when the temperature difference was equal to zero. The mortality rate of the hospital and city was U-shaped with the season, and the mortalities were strongly negatively correlated with local atmospheric temperature (hospital: P=0.006, Spearman=-0.544**; city P = 0.000, Spearman = 0.743 **). The concentration of IgE related to respiratory system immunity was significantly negatively correlated with the hospital and city mortalities (hospital: P=0.014; city: P=0.048). IgE levels can be used as a biological parameter to predict death.Conclusions: Low temperature and large increases or decreases in temperature are not conducive to the secretion of antibodies, especially IgE related to respiratory immunity, which can increase the mortality rate to some extent. In the future, based on the findings of our artificial environment study, the span between stressors can be narrowed to determine the temperature range that can cause changes in antibody concentrations. Thus, the duration and lag time of the influence of each temperature on human immune indexes were studied, as well as how the immune indexes changed.
Green Synthesis of Biobased P-N Coating Via Mechanochemistry Strategy: For High-Eficiency Flame Retardant Finish of Cotton Fabric
Authors: Piao Junxiu , Ren Jinyong , Wang Yaofei , Feng Tingting , Wang Yaxuan , Liu Wei , Dong Huixin , Chen Wenjiao , Jiao Chuanmei , Chen Xilei
Published: August 2021

Cotton fabric is widely used in many occasions, but it is flammable with high fire risk. To meet the great fire safety demands of cotton fabric, a novel lignocellulosic-based P-N synergistic (LFPN) flame-retardant coating with high efficiency and environment friendly was developed via mechanochemistry strategy in the aqueous phase. The characterisation results showed the stable P-O-C bond formed to bind both lignocellulosic fibre and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). Meanwhile, LFPN has an excellent dispersion in water with a nanometer-scale enveloping rod structure. The cotton fabric treated by the LFPN coating showed outstanding flame-retardant properties, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) was reduced by 77% and the residue mass was increased by 259% compared with control cotton fabric. And there was a self-extinction phenomenon during the flammability test of flame retardant cotton. Based on the analysis of the combustion and pyrolysis process, a gas-condensed two-phase flame retardant mechanism model was proposed, which could be used to explain the action process of LFPN for cotton fabric during combustion.
Upregulation of The Transmembrane Protease Serine 3 (TMPRSS3) mRNA Level In Radioresistant Colorectal Cancer Tissues
Authors: Wen Jia-Ying , Fang Ye-Ying , Chen Gang , He Rong-Quan , Huang He-Qing , Wang Ren-Sheng , Zeng Da-Tong , Huang Wei-Jian , Qin Xin-Gan
Published: August 2021

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that transmembrane protease serine 3 (TMPRSS3) is abnormally expressed in various tumours and its expression is closely related to tumorigenesis and progression [1-3]. However, there have been no reports regarding the role of TMPRSS3 in colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of the current study was to comprehensively explore the clinical value of TMPRSS3 on the radioresistance of CRC.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated the expression level of TMPRSS3 in radioresistant CRC tissues as well as CRC tissues by analysing public data sets from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), ArrayExpress, and GTEx databases, as well as explored the relationship between TMPRSS3 and lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and prognosis. In addition, we investigated the biological function of TMPRSS3 by gene ontology (GO) and analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Finally, we created a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to identify hub genes that may function in concert with TMMPRSS3.ResultsEight radiation-processed CRC tissue data sets and 26 CRC mRNA data sets were obtained. The pooled analysis revealed that TMPRSS3 was significantly highly expressed in CRC radioresistant tissues—SMD = 0.38 (95% CI: 0.14~0.63; p-value < 0.05). In addition, TMPRSS3 is also as highly expressed in CRC tissues—SMD = 1.55 (95% CI: 1.20~1.90; p-value < 0.05). Subsequently, we explored the relationship between TMPRSS3 and both metastasis and prognosis. The results revealed no relationship between TMPRSS3 and lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis (p-value > 0.05). Furthermore, pooled analysis of HR revealed that TMPRSS3 could be used as a risk factor for DFS—SMD = 1.28 (95% CI: 1.03~1.60; p-value < 0.05). Finally, we obtained 429 co-expressed genes for bioinformatics analysis and selected a total of four hub genes: MSLN, MFI2, CKAP4, and PXN. The results revealed that these genes cooperate with TMPRSS3 to participate in biological processes, such as CRC development, metastasis, and radioresistance by affecting autophagy, cell-cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix breakdown.ConclusionThis study reveals that TMPRSS3 has potential as a new biomarker and radioresistant therapeutic target for CRC and also has a few implications for the prognosis of CRC patients. However, this conclusion must be further experimentally verified.
Version up-date: The CDKN2B-AS1/ MIR497/TXNIP axis regulated macrophages
Authors: Xu JianZhong
Published: August 2021

The polarization of macrophages plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis. The macrophages can have pro-inflammatory M1 polarization and various types of alternative anti-inflammatory M2 polarization. Our preliminary results showed that the CDKN2B-AS1/MIR497/TXNIP axis might regulate macrophages of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Therefore, we hypothesized that this axis regulated the polarization of rheumatoid macrophages. Flow cytometry was used to determine the surface polarization markers in M1 or M2 macrophages from healthy donors and rheumatoid arthritis patients. The QPCR and Western Blotting were used to compare the expression of the CDKN2B-AS1/MIR497/TXNIP axis in these macrophages. We Knocked down and overexpressed the axis in the macrophage cell line MD to test its roles in macrophage polarization. Compared to cells from healthy donors, cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients expressed higher levels of CD40 and CD80 and lower levels of CD16, CD163, CD206, and CD200R after polarization, they also expressed higher CDKN2B-AS1, lower MIR497, and higher TXNIP. In macrophages from healthy donors, there was no correlation among CDKN2B-AS1, MIR497, and TXNIP. But in macrophages from patients, there were significant correlations. The CDKN2B-AS1 knockdown, MIR497 mimics suppressed the M1 polarization but promoted the M2 polarization in MD cells, while the MIR497 knockdown and the TXNIP overexpression did the opposite. This study demonstrated that elevated CDKN2B-AS1 in macrophages promotes the M1 polarization and inhibited the M2 polarization of macrophages by the CDKN2B-AS1/ MIR497/TXNIP axis.
Mechanism of Li2S formation and dissolution in Lithium-Sulphur batteries
Authors: Prehal Christian , Talian Sara Drvarič , Vizintin Alen , Amenitsch Heinz , Dominko Robert , Freunberger Stefan , Wood Vanessa
Published: August 2021

Insufficient understanding of the mechanism that reversibly converts sulphur into lithium sulphide (Li2S) via soluble polysulphides (PS) hampers the realization of high performance lithium-sulphur cells. Typically Li2S formation is explained by direct electroreduction of a PS to Li2S; however, this is not consistent with the size of the insulating Li2S deposits. Here, we use in situ small and wide angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) to track the growth and dissolution of crystalline and amorphous deposits from atomic to sub-micron scales during charge and discharge. Stochastic modelling based on the SAXS data allows quantification of the chemical phase evolution during discharge and charge. We show that Li2S deposits predominantly via disproportionation of transient, solid Li2S2 to form primary Li2S crystallites and solid Li2S4 particles. We further demonstrate that this process happens in reverse during charge. These findings show that the discharge capacity and rate capability in Li-S battery cathodes are therefore limited by mass transport through the increasingly tortuous network of Li2S / Li2S4 / carbon pores rather than electron transport through a passivating surface film.
Earning Disparities in Indo Gangetic Plain Region – Evidence from Periodic Labour Force Survey of India
Authors: Guha Saurav , Chandra Hukum , Yadav Romika , Pyne Saumyadipta
Published: August 2021

Indian economy has experienced an enormous change in employment from the independence. Employment totally based on the skills and requirement of the profile gives contributing to major portion to our national income. However, the earning inequality in India has unfavorably obstructed underprivileged in accessing elementary needs like health and education. Periodic labour force survey (PLFS) conducted by National Statistical Office of India generates estimates on earning status at national and state level for both rural and urban sectors separately. This paper demonstrates disaggregate level disparities in earning distribution classified by gender and occupational categories in Indo-Gangetic Plain region of India which includes Bihar, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. This analysis helps in distinguishing the disparities in earning distribution between rural and urban sector in this region classified by gender and occupational categories which often masked at further down the level of disaggregation. This study of earning disparities is directly pertinent for measuring and monitoring the sustainable development goal 8 and 10 and expected to offer extraordinary evidence to policy-makers for recognizing the areas demanding additional consideration.
Data-driven asset management in urban water pipe networks: a proposed conceptual framework
Authors: Okwori E. , Pericault Y. , Ugarelli R. , Viklander M. , Hedström A.
Published: August 2021

Analytical tools used in infrastructure asset management of urban water pipe networks are reliant on asset data. Traditionally, data required by analytical tools has not been collected by most water utilities because it has not been needed. The data that is collected might be characterised by low availability, integrity and consistency. A process is required to support water utilities in assessing the accuracy and completeness of their current data management approach and defining improvement pathways in relation to their objectives. This study proposes a framework to enable increased data-driven asset management in pipe networks. The theoretical basis of the framework was a literature review of data management for pipe network asset management and its link to the coherence of set objectives. A survey to identify the current state of data management practice and challenges of asset management implementation in five Swedish water utilities and three focus group workshops with the same utilities was carried out. The main findings of this research were that the quality of pipe network datasets and lack of interoperability between asset management tools are drivers for creating data silos between asset management levels, which may hinder the implementation of data-driven asset management. Furthermore, these findings formed the basis for the proposed conceptual framework. The suggested framework aims to support the selection, development and adoption of improvement pathways to enable increased data-driven asset management in municipal pipe networks. Results from a preliminary application of the proposed framework are also presented.
Study on the effect of morphological changes of bridge piers on water movement properties
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Wang Tao , Duan Bingsen
Published: August 2021

The different shapes of bridge piers across rivers have a great influence on the river water movement, and the study of the influence of pier morphology changes on the water movement characteristics is of great value for bridge design and river flooding. The hydrodynamic model can effectively simulate and predict the changes of river flow patterns, which can provide scientific data support for river management. This paper constructs a hydrodynamic model based on MIKE21 and applies it to the numerical simulation of river hydrodynamics in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, taking elliptical piers as an example, and simulates the effect of the change of pier morphology on the flow velocity, water level and flow field of the river. The results show that the effect of elliptical pier morphology on the flow characteristics of the river channel is significant; under the same flow rate, the congestion value of the pier at the maximum axis ratio is 1.65 times the minimum axis ratio, and the larger the axis ratio, the more serious the congestion; the difference in flow velocity at the maximum axis ratio can reach 2.33 times the minimum axis ratio.
Fluoride removal efficiency of Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum) from water
Authors: Bayu Kefelegn , Geremew Abraham , Deriba Wegene , Mulugeta Yohannes , Wagari Samuel , Dirirsa Gebisa
Published: August 2021

Fluoride concentration in drinking water higher than the recommended value imposes different health problems and there are advanced and chemical based defluoridation techniques, even if they are not feasible for developing countries and have limitations. Due to this, defluoridation by using locally available plants is one of the most efficient and sustainable options. Therefore, the current study was intended to investigate fluoride removal efficiency of Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum) from water, which can be an alternative means to reduce the problem related to its high concentration. A laboratory-based experimental study was implemented by using potentiometric determination in Haramaya University. The leaves of Tulsi were collected, washed with tap water, rinsed with distilled water, and then dried at room temperature, crushed and sieved through a 500-μm stainless steel sieve. The experiments were conducted on water artificially fluoridated by anhydrous fluoride and natural water samples collected from deep well water sources from Adama and Harar town. Data was analyzed using Design of Expert (DOE) and Microsoft Excel. Twenty-nine runs for aqueous solution were conducted at different factor combinations and the optimum combinations were applied for natural water samples. The study depicts that the plant has an efficiency of removing 68.4% of fluoride from water. The best factor combinations to achieve this efficiency was 0.2 g/100 ml, 22.6 min, 5.7 and 6.6 mg/l, adsorbent dose, contact time, pH and initial concentration respectively. pH and initial concentration have a negative effect and adsorbent dose and contact time have a positive effect on removing fluoride from water. Hence, people living in fluorosis endemic areas can use the processed plant as a de-fluoridating agent to minimize adverse health effects.
Herbal Drugs as Immune Booster Against Viral Infections
Authors: Sahoo Biswa Mohan , Mohapatra Gyanendra , Chowdhury Bimalendu , Sruti J. , Rana Rabi Narayan , Das Rajaram , Jena Jasma
Published: August 2021

The immune system involves both active and passive immunization. The antibodies
are developed against the antigens during active immunization and are permanently stored.
But, in the case of passive immunization, the antibodies are exposed to the same antigens in
every person who is already infected. In order to enhance the immune systems i.e. innate and
adaptive immune responses, herbal plants are used as an immune booster. Some of the herbal
plants have been proven clinically to enhance immunity that includes Morniga oleifera
(Drumstick), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), Withania somnifera (Aswagandha),
Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Allium sativum (Garlic), Curcuma longa (Turmeric),
Emblica officinalis (Amla) etc. Compared to synthetic drugs, herbal drugs have fewer side effects
and stimulate the immune system to defend against various foreign pathogens. Even
though herbal medicines are usually considered as safe and effective therapy, it is clinically
proven that if a drug is effective, it would have some side effects. But, sometimes, the antioxidant
property of herbal medicines is helpful in reducing the toxicities produced by any toxic
substances or any drugs. This review aims to encourage the study of various herbal constituents
and their role in the treatment of different types of viral infections.
An Effective QWBA/UHPLC-MS/Tissue Punch Approach: Solving a Pharmacokinetic Issue via Quantitative Met-ID
Authors: Pánczél József , Schudok Manfred , Schiell Matthias , Riedel Jens , Kertesz Vilmos
Published: August 2021

Background:

Methods to provide absolute quantitation of the administered drug and corresponding
metabolites in tissue in a spatially resolved manner is a challenging but much needed
capability in pharmaceutical research. Quantitative Whole-Body Autoradiography (QWBA) after a
single- dose intravenous (3 mg/kg) and extravascular (30 mg/kg) administrations of an in vitro
metabolically stable test compound (structure not reported here) indicated quick tissue distribution
and excretion.

Objective:

Good bioavailability and short in vivo half-lives were determined formerly for the same
test compound. For closing gaps in the understanding of pharmacokinetic data and in vitro results,
radioactive hot spots on whole-body tissue sections had been profiled.

Method:

Punches from selected tissue regions containing high radioactivity in the tissue sections
previously analyzed by QWBA were extracted by a highly organic solvent and analyzed without
any consecutive sample preparation step, applying Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-
Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) and off-line radioanalysis to maximize signal levels for
metabolite identification and profiling.

Results:

The analysis revealed that the test compound was metabolized intensively by phase I reactions
in vivo and the metabolites formed were excreted in bile and urine. The predominant metabolites
showed abundant signal intensities both by MS and by radioanalysis but the MS signal intensities
generally underestimated the real abundances of metabolites relative to the unchanged drug.

Conclusions:

This work illustrates that maximizing the sensitivity of tissue punch radioanalysis and
the combination with UHPLC-MS leads to a better insight into pharmacokinetic processes by providing
quantitative data with high molecular selectivity.
Differences between preterm infants receiving a dose for lung maturation and those receiving an additional rescue dose of corticosteroids
Authors: Medina Poma Sandra Liliana , González-Andrade Fabricio
Published: August 2021

it is unknown if there is a difference between preterm infants with a history of receiving pulmonary corticosteroid maturation or using an additional rescue dose of corticosteroid. This paper aims to determine the difference between infants with pulmonary maturation and infants who received a rescue dose of corticosteroid.
We performed an epidemiological, observational, and cross-sectional study. We analyzed time of stay, the requirement of mechanical ventilation, the use of surfactant, and neurological complications in newborns hospitalized in Neonatology of the Isidro Ayora Gyneco-Obstetric Hospital, 2019. We analyzed 204 preterm infants of 28-37 weeks who received a total lung maturation dose versus an added rescue dose. We analyzed the information with the statistical program SPSS v 22.0. With rescue dose the stay time was 28.4±21.6 days (p <0.05), days of invasive mechanical ventilation 3±5.7 days (p <0.05); Surfactant use 33.3% (p>0.05). We found neurological complications in 6.9% of patients (p> 0.05). In group 2 with not rescue dose use, the stay time was 21.5±16.6 days (p<0.05), days of invasive mechanical ventilation 1.8 ± 4.1 days (p <0.05). Surfactant use was 24.5% (p>0.05), and neurological complications 2% (p> 0.05). Preterm males weighing <1000 g from 30 to 32 weeks, who used rescue doses of corticosteroids, showed an increase in intraventricular hemorrhage (13.7%), seizures (6.9%), and leukomalacia (13.7%), associated with the fact that in the group with rescue dose they are younger and had lower weight.
Determination of pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) assay in mothers with spontaneous abortion
Authors: Ghasemi Faezeh , Kamali Alireza , Shokrpour Maryam
Published: August 2021

Oxidative stress has been identified to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of spontaneous abortion were characterized as an imbalance between the generation of pro-oxidants, free radicals, and reactive species, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in favor of the former. In the present study, the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance was assessed in women with spontaneous abortion and compared with healthy age-matched controls. A group of 50 females with spontaneous abortion were considered patients, and a group of age-matched healthy pregnant women was considered controls. The pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) assay was carried out on participants' serum samples. The mean age of the spontaneous abortion group was 30.84 ± 3.82, and controls were 26.53 ± 4.05 years. The obtained PAB values were 236.74 ± 11.37 HK and 148.69 ± 76.50 HK in patients and controls. Our results demonstrate the significant rise of PAB values in subjects with spontaneous abortion compared to healthy controls (p< 0.0001). Our study showed that the PAB values might be involved in the termination of spontaneous abortion.
Safety and immunogenicity in piglets of two immunization schedules initiated at two or three weeks of age with PorvacÒ, a classical swine fever subunit marker vaccine.
Authors: Oliva-Cárdenas Aymé , Fernández-Zamora Fé , Santana-Rodríguez Elaine , Sordo-Puga Yusmel , Vargas-Hernández Milagros de la C. , Rodríguez-Moltó María P. , Pérez-Pérez Danny , Sardina-González Talia , Duarte Carlos A. , León-Goñi Avelina , Blanco -Gámez Diurys , Contreras-Pérez Francisco , Valdés-Faure Odalys , Hernández-Prado Rosmery , Acosta-Lago Eric , Sosa-Testé Ileana , Suárez-Pedroso Marisela F.
Published: August 2021

Classical swine fever is a highly contagious viral disease with a significant impact on food production worldwide. It currently represents one of the main limitations for the development of the pig industry in Cuba. PorvacÒ is a subunit marker vaccine that confers a very rapid onset of protection. Since there are different production systems in pig breeding, readjustments in the vaccination program are often required. This study compares the safety and efficacy in piglets of two vaccination schedules with PorvacÒ (0-2 weeks and 0-3 weeks), initiated at two or three weeks of age. Clinical monitoring was conducted, and a neutralization peroxidase-linked assay was used to measure the neutralization titers. All immunization regimens were safe and well-tolerated, without local or systemic adverse reactions in the vaccinated animals. Geometric mean neutralizing antibody titers higher than 1/1500 were detected in all groups during the six months of the trial. One month after the second immunization, piglets primed at two weeks of age, and boostered three weeks later, developed significantly higher neutralization titers (1/15644) compared to those vaccinated at a similar age but with a two-week interval between doses (1/5760). However, no significant differences in the titers were found three and six months after vaccination among the four regimens. In summary, all the variants studied are effective, but it is recommended to start vaccination at two weeks old, with the second dose at either two or three weeks later, depending on the production system and the purpose of the farm.
Exploring the Transformation Mechanism of Ecological Value Realization by Property Right Trading of Rural hydropower
Authors: Ye Zhou , Xu Bei , Wang Xinliang
Published: August 2021

The transformation and upgrading of rural hydropower rely on the property right trading market, and the professional property right trading market serves as the foundation to truly transform lucid waters and lush mountains into mountains of gold and silver. The study believes that by using two means, namely, government regulation and market incentive, water resources can be turned into ecological hydropower resources to finally realize the economic value of green energy through the ecological value transforming mechanism. The transforming mechanism, impelled by green hydropower certification and evaluation and professional property right trading market, has realized the ecological values, which not only promotes the green development of the local economy, but also realizes the transformation and upgrading of the rural hydropower industry. With the hydropower property right trading center, the development of the hydropower industry has encountered historic opportunities. At present, it is necessary to strive to improve the corresponding system, mechanism and cultural environment of the trading center to achieve the predetermined goal, and further standardize and improve the transaction activities. There are in all three figures and three tables.
Urban Crime Mapping: A Review
Authors: J. Dukiya J.
Published: August 2021

The imperfection of man is the banes of all criminal activities worldwide. More so, global urbanization and technological advancement seem to catalyze the frequency and complexity of criminal activities generally. Crime in its entire ramification is a critical issue that has gained significant attention in most countries of the world Nigeria inclusive. In view of the alarming rate of crime globally and the GIS utilities, this paper therefore carried out a review of the principles and theories of crime mapping, types of crime mapping and the nexus between poverty and urban crime. The paper further examined the relationship between urban design and spatial dimension of urban crime, and the implication for Urban and Regional Planning professional education as one of the key players in environmental management. It is therefore recommended that the teachings of Urban and Regional Planning in educational institutes should include the key theories within environmental criminology. While national and international conferences and workshops around urban and regional planning should presently revolve around settlement safety and urban governance.
Peran persepsi terhadap electronic service quality dan electronic word-of mouth (e-wom) terhadap intensi pembelian ulang melalui e-commerce
Authors: Putri Dian Febriany , Sumaryono Sumaryono
Published: August 2021

Expanding the process of buying and selling goods or business transactions from offline to online becomes a challenge for its users. The intensity of purchasing goods by consumers through e-commerce is influenced by various factors, one of which is the perception of electronic service quality and electronic word-of-mouth (e-wom). The purpose of this study is to find out the role of perceptions of electronic service quality and electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) toward re-purchase intention through e-commerce. Respondents in this research were individuals with an age range of 18-35 years and the total of respondents were 232 people. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data was collected using the re purchase intention, perception of electronic service quality, and e-WOM scales. Methods of data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the study explain that one’s perception of electronic service quality and information circulating through e-WOM each have a role in influencing or strengthening consumer intentions to repurchase products through e-commerce.
Pengaruh waktu layar terhadap praktik pemberian makan dengan regulasi diri pada perilaku makan anak
Authors: Rasaningrum Dini Mei , Pudjiati Sri Redatin Retno
Published: August 2021

The development of self-regulation of eating is strongly influenced by feeding practice. In addition, a child’s screen time has an effect on children eating behavior. The aim of this study was to determine whether screen time acts as a moderator to the relationship between feeding practice and the ability to self-regulation eating in preschool age. Method samples were 95 mothers who had children aged 3-6 years. Participants were chosen using convenient sampling. Data were analyzed using linear regression and sub-groups analysis with ANOVA factorial 2x2. Findings show that screen time doesn’t a moderator of the relationship between restrictive feeding practice and self-regulation of eating. The conclusion is the restrictive feeding practice can interfere with children’s self-regulation of eating abilities. However, the effect of screen time doesn’t significantly contribute to moderating the relationship between restrictive feeding practice and children’s self-regulation of eating
Kontribusi keberfungsian keluarga terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif pada remaja etnis Minang
Authors: Nabilah CS Jihan , Hermaleni Tesi
Published: August 2021

The studies show that culture and family functioning have a contribution to the well-being of youth. Ethnic Minang with matrilinear culture and collective owned, of course, also plays a role in teenagers’ lives. Researchers aim to test the role of a family’s functioning towards adolescents’ subjective well-being in the Minang ethnicity. The design of this study is quantitative with the selection of samples in the form of purposive sampling. Participants in the study were 315 ethnic Minang adolescents who had filled out questionnaires containing Family Assessment Device and subjective well-being scales. A simple linear regression analysis test shows that family functioning contributes to subjective well-being in ethnic Minang youth (R2 = 0.177, F=67.347, p=0.000). That is, family functioning as a predictor variable contributed 17.7% to subjective well-being. The more optimal the functioning of a family, the more its members feel prosperous.
Pengaruh atribut usia dan jenis kelamin dosen terhadap pemberian evaluasi oleh mahasiswa
Authors: Julqurniati Nur , Setiawan Jefri , Aisyah Winny , Surya Sofyan Hadi
Published: August 2021

The practice of giving evaluations from students to lecturers is often the moment when the halo effect occurs. Sex and age as individual attributes contribute to positive or negative evaluations of teaching evaluations. The purpose of this study is whether the attributes of age and sex interact with the halo effect in giving evaluations from students to lecturers. This research uses a one-shot case study with an online between-subjects design. One hundred twenty participants were divided into four groups. Each group evaluates 1 of 4 different photos (young men, older men, young women, and older women) labeled with the identity as a lecturer. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show: (1) The sex of the lecturer has no effect on student evaluation (F=0.730, p=0.395); (2) Lecturer age has no effect on student evaluation (F=0.587, p=0.445); (3) The interaction of sex and age has no effect on student evaluation (F=0.649, p=0.525). The sex and age of the lecturer do not affect the evaluation by students. The halo effect did not occur in the students in this study.
INCLUSÃO DO AUTISTA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR PÚBLICO
Authors: Shibuta Vallery , Costa Igor Favaro da , Santos Fernanda Pimentel dos
Published: August 2021

Segundo a definição encontrada no DSM-IV (2002) o Transtorno Autista consiste na presença de um desenvolvimento comprometido ou acentuadamente anormal da interação social e da comunicação e um repertório muito restrito de atividades e interesses. As manifestações do transtorno variam imensamente, dependendo do nível de desenvolvimento e da idade cronológica do indivíduo. Essas características prejudicam no processo de aprendizagem, fazendo-se necessário uma atenção maior por parte das instituições de ensino. Devido ao crescente número de autistas presentes no ensino superior fazem-se necessários materiais sobre o assunto de inclusão nas universidades. No decorrer deste trabalho iremos apresentar revisões bibliográficas encontradas em torno da inclusão do autista no ensino superior, se há e como é feito esse processo, e suas políticas públicas. E por fim, contribuir para futuros estudos e melhorias da inclusão de autistas.
PSICOPATIA: uma análise do tratamento da psicopatia no sistema penal brasileiro
Authors: Bonvicini Constance Rezende , Júnior Júlio Alves Caixeta , Oliveira Esmeralda Medrado de
Published: August 2021

A ideia primordial do presente artigo é tornar notório o estudo sobre o transtorno de personalidade antisocial, a psicopatia frente ao sistema penal brasileiro. O presente estudo teórico objetiva analisar o transtorno de personalidade antissocial – a psicopatia – frente ao sistema de responsabilização penal no sistema jurídico brasileiro. A pesquisa do estudo teórico foi realizada por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica em livros, artigos, entre outros documentos que abordam a psicopatia frente ao sistema penal brasileiro. Ressaltando-se que a psicopatia não é uma doença, mas um transtorno de personalidade, que em decorrência de uma anomalia, sobretudo funcional presente no cérebro, acarreta prejuízos em diversas esferas da vida do indivíduo. Assim, surge a demanda jurídica e social de lidar com esses seres humanos, bem como aplicar o meio eficaz a fim de que a norma encontre sua finalidade, gerando, por fim, sua eficácia. Embora exista parâmetros para comparação de como o sistema penal deve lidar com o psicopata, concluímos que no Brasil, até o atual momento, pouco investe no tema. Essa falta de atenção para com a psicopatia resulta em uma grande reincidência desses como presidiários. Ao analisar-se números, nota-se a necessidade da implementação de meios eficazes para lidar com o perfil, buscando auxílio na psicologia para esclarecer os pontos obscuros do funcionamento cerebral de indivíduos acometidos por esse transtorno.