bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COMPUTER SIMULATION MODEL OF A COMPUTER NETWORK WITH FRACTAL TRAFFIC FOR TESTING ROUTING ALGORITHMS
Authors: Drieieva Hanna , Meleshko Yelyzaveta , Drieiev Oleksandr , Mikhav Volodymyr
Published: December 2022

The object of research in this article is simulation modeling of a computer network and the process of traffic routing. The relevance of the research is due to the importance of ensuring the quality of service in computer networks, in particular, by necessity reducing the number of lost IP-packets at high traffic intensity values. Determining the routing of traffic packets is a complex process and is based on various indicators or combinations of indicators. If the routing process takes place in a dynamic mode, then the complexity of the route calculation increases, in this case, one of the tools for research and comparison of different routing algorithms can be a computer simulation model of a computer network. The goal of the work is the development and research of a computer simulation model of a computer network for testing traffic routing algorithms. The tasks: to develop computer simulation model of a computer network to generate the network structure and simulate the traffic distribution process with the ability to test different routing algorithms. Research methods: theory of computer networks, theory of fractal analysis, object-oriented programming, theory of algorithms and data structures, theory of complex networks, theory of Markov processes. Conclusions. The paper investigated the basic principles of traffic routing in computer networks. A simulation model of a computer network for testing traffic routing algorithms has been developed. A method based on the theory of complex networks has been developed to generate the structure of a computer network. Theory of fractal analysis and Markov processes are used for traffic generation. A series of experiments was conducted on a developed model to determine how different fractal dimensions of traffic at high traffic intensity values affect the number of lost packets, and therefore the quality of service. Analyzing the results of the experiment, the following conclusions can be drawn: the least number of lost packets occurs when the process is random or has weak trends. The fewest lost packets were at fractal dimension 1.5, i.e., when the process is completely random, there were also few lost packets at fractal dimensions close to this; persistent and anti-persistent processes (those with memory) cause more packet loss for the same traffic intensity and maximum number of packets sent from one device per unit of time. Moreover, anti-persistent processes cause significantly more losses than persistent ones. Thus, when performing traffic routing and finding optimal paths for sending IP-packets, it can be useful to determine and take into account the fractal dimension of traffic at the entrance of each router and use it when calculating metrics to determine the best routes.
ANALYSIS OF MARСOVIAN SYSTEMS WITH A GIVEN SET OF SELECTED STATES
Authors: Raskin Lev , Sukhomlyn Larysa , Korsun Roman
Published: December 2022

Analysis of stationary Marcovian systems is traditionally performed using systems of linear Kolmogorov differential equations. Such systems make it possible to determine the probability of the analyzed system being in each of its possible states at an arbitrary time. This standard task becomes more complicated if the set of possible states of systems is heterogeneous and some special subset can be distinguished from it, in accordance with the specifics of the system functioning. Subject of the study is technology development for such systems analysis. In accordance with this, the purpose of the work is to find the distribution law of the random duration of such a system's stay on a set of possible states until it falls into a selected subset of these states. Method for solving the problem is proposed based on splitting the entire set of possible states of the system into two subsets. The first of them contains a selected subset of states, and the second contains all the other states of the system. Now a subset of states is allocated from the second subset, from which a direct transition to the states of the first subset is possible. Next, a system of differential equations describing the transitions between the formed subsets is formed. The solution of this system of equations gives the desired result – distribution of the random duration of the system's stay until the moment of the first hit in the selected subset of states. The method allows solving a large number of practical problems, for example, in the theory of complex systems reliability with many different failure states. In particular, finding the law of the uptime duration distribution, calculating the average duration of uptime.
The effect of balance, arm muscle strength, and coordination of batting skills cricket
Authors: Anggraeni Yulia , Pelana Ramdan , Hernawan
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine direct and indirect effects, and also the simultaneous effect of exogenous variables with endogenous variables. The research method is an associative quantitative approach, with test and measurement techniques. The data analysis technique uses a path analysis approach. In this study, The population is 60 athletes from the DKI Jakarta and Java cricket plate athletes. The sampling technique is total sampling. So, the number of samples in this study is 60 people consisting of 30 male athletes and 30 female athletes. Batting skills using the batting tee test. Balance using a balance test. Arm muscle strength using Pull and Push Dynamometer test, Coordination Instrument using Coordination test. The results of this study is the direct effect of variable X1 on Y = 0.271. The direct effect of variable X2 on Y = 0.478. The direct effect of variable X3 on Y = 0.216. The direct effect of variable X1 on X3 = 0.121. The direct effect of the X2 variable on X3 = 0.665. The indirect effect of variable X1 on Y through X3 = 0.121 x 0.216 = 0.026. The indirect effect of variable X2 on Y through X3 = 0.665 x 0.290 = 0.075.
Effect of reinceforcement on physical learning on motivation learning
Authors: Eka Eka Madya , Yudiana Yunyun , Komarudin
Published: December 2022

In this study, the author aims to determine the effect of reinforcement on physical learning on student motivation at SMPN 5 Cirebon. The method used by this researcher is a causal comparative with an ex post facto design. The population in this study were all students of SMPN 5 Cirebon with a sampling technique, namely Cluster Random Sampling with a total sample of 64 people consisting of class VIII 1 students and class VIII 2 students. The instrument used to collect data was using a questionnaire. motivation to learn. The questionnaire was used to measure the effect of reinforcement on learning motivation. The results of the data description can be seen that the effect of reinforcement on student motivation in class VIII 1 has an average value of 68.22 with a standard deviation of 8.315, the lowest value is 56 and the highest value is 100. In class VIII 2 the effect of reinforcement on student learning motivation has an average The average is 68.59 with a standard deviation of 6.997, the lowest value is 52 and the highest value is 80. The results of data processing show the value of sig. greater than 0.05 or 0.506, it can be concluded that the use of reinforcement in physical education learning can increase students' learning motivation.
Correlation between mental skills and anxiety during the covid-19 pandemic in university volleyball athletes
Authors: Muhamad Ilham  , Nadya Dwi Oktafiranda  , Antoni Rizka
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mental skills and a person's level of anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic. Mental skills as an important aspect in supporting achievement are very influential for athletes, especially when practicing and competing during the Covid-19 pandemic like today. Through this research, it will be seen how big the correlation is between the mental skills of an athlete and how much anxiety level is during the pandemic. The research method used in this research is associative quantitative method with a correlational approach. In this study, the samples were KOP volleyball athletes, State University of Jakarta. Data collection was preceded by distributing questionnaires to the athletes. The hypothesis testing technique carried out in this study used statistical analysis techniques of product moment correlation, followed by a t-test at a significant level of =0.50. The sample in this study was KOP Volleyball FIK UNJ athletes with 56 respondents, it can be concluded that there is a significant negative relationship between Mental Skills on Anxiety During the Covid-19 Pandemic with a correlation coefficient (rxy) of -0.459. That is, if the score of the mental skill variable increases, the score for the Anxiety variable During the Covid-19 Pandemic will decrease, but on the contrary if the Mental Skill score decreases, the Anxiety score During the Covid-19 Pandemic will increase.
Analisis Manajemen Risiko Usaha (Studi Kasus Burgerchill)
Authors: Ardiansah Rian
Published: December 2022

Burgechill merupakan Salah satu UMKM di Kota Bandung, di didirikan oleh Dzaky Muhammad Abdullah Rahim dan Naufal Muhammad Abdullah Rahim. Burgerchill sendiri menjual makanan home made burger dan berkonsep burger yang berukuran mini. Sesuai dengan namanya, yaitu Burgerchill atau Burger kecil untuk chill, dengan taglinenya adalah “Gak cukup satu”. Esensi dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sumber risiko yang ada pada perusahaan Burgerchill dan menganalisis penyebab dan cara penanggulangan risiko yang terjadi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode analisis kualitatif deskriptif dan identifikasi risiko menggunakan metode cause effect analysist (fishbone).
PERSEPSI LITERASI DIGITAL DALAM MENDUKUNG GREEN IT
Authors: Sari Indah , Halim Abd
Published: December 2022

Hadirnya era industi 4.0 dan era Society 5.0 memberikan dampak peningkatan penggunaan internet, sehingga hadirnya literasi digital ini sebagai salah satu upaya untuk mengetahui kemampuan setiap pegawai dalam melakukan aktivitas mencari, menemukan informasi, tetapi juga memanfaatkannya di dalam kehidupan. Responden adalah pegawai di Lingkungan Direktorat Jenderal Potensi Pertahanan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif menggunakan pendekatan survey. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan aktivitas pegawai Direktorat Jenderal Potensi Pertahanan menjadi literasi digial sebagai sarana untuk membantu melaksankan pekerjaan di kantor dalam rangka mendukung Green IT.
A WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE SERVICE COMPANY FOR HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT IN BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Sipahutar Merry , Sukmawati Siti Novia
Published: December 2022

Because of the potential threats to the environment, hazardous waste management is critical. The design of a hazardous waste management system in Indonesia involves several regulations, including Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia or PP No. 22/2021 and the decree of The Head of Indonesian Environmental Impact Control Agency or BAPEDAL No. 01/1995. This study aims to assess the practice of these regulations by the service company for the hazardous waste treatment. The method is conducted with a descriptive idea and content analysis technique using a qualitative case study research approach to collect in-depth knowledge regarding waste management system. In this regard, the selected service company for hazardous waste treatment in Balikpapan could proof only six of the ten criteria of Indonesian legal standard examined so this study proposed a performance evaluation centered on hazardous waste management as sufficient for the implementation of hazardous waste management. To improve the waste management assessment, a series of alternatives based on the waste management hierarchy is suggested for further studies such as including reduction, storage, usage, processing, stockpiling, and dumping factors on their research.
ANALISIS DAMPAK SOSIAL-EKONOMI AKIBAT PEMBATASAN SOSIAL BERSKALA BESAR (PSBB) DALAM MENGHADAPI PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Rasminto Rasminto , Rasyid Aliy , Adiputra Agung , Amin  , Ain Mihyal
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak yang disebabkan oleh pembatasan sosial berskala besar (PSBB) dalam menghadapi pandemik Covid-19 terhadap sosial-ekonomi masyarakat di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dengan meliputi; mengetahui dampak yang terjadi setelah adanya pandemik Covid-19 terhadap pendapatan; dampak pada pekerjaan, upaya bertahan hidup, dan pola usaha. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan PSBB berdampak pada pola pekerjaan, penghasilan masyarakat, permasalahan aktifitas harian dan harmonisasi rumahtangga. Berdasarkan pola pekerjaan berpengaruh dengan adanya pola bekerja di rumah atau work from home (WFH) sebesar 54%, menjadi korban pemutusan hubungan kerja sebesar 18%; penerapan PSBB juga berdampak pada penurunan penghasilan sebesar 76,23% dan hanya 0,49% mengalami peningkatan penghasilan; selain itu juga pada permasalahan aktifitas harian yang paling terdampak adalah sulitnya akses transportasi umum sebesar 35,09% dan dampak pada harmonisasi rumahtangga dengan munculnya persoalan tidak memiliki waktu berkualitas sebesar 57,40%, terjadi cekcok rumah tangga sebesar 10,12% dan terjadi miss-komunikasi sebesar 35,46%.
Pelatihan Keterampilan Pembuatan Batik Versi Milenia Bagi Perempuan
Authors: Nadiroh  , Hasanah Uswatun , Cholilawati
Published: December 2022

Dalam rangka  memperkuat kapasitas laki-laki dan perempuan marjinal korban bencana di sukabumi dalam penguatan  home industry batik jumputan dan disain fashion alam versi milenial, butuh kepeduliah dari akademisi untuk bisa berkolaborasi dengan  Kelurahan yang terkena dampak bencana atau sekitarnya, dengan perguruan tinggi Islam setempat dan Pengurus PKK di Kabupaten Sukabumi   Secara operasional produk dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah kain jumputan dengan menggunakan zat warna alam. Adapun materi pelatihan dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah   keterampilan pembuatan pola batik jumputan berkarakter alam, di sampuing itu juga  penyuluhan tentang pentingnya pelestarian lingkungan dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan: ”Esensi pembangunan berkelanjutan adalah keselarasan hubungan sesama manusia, dengan  manusia dan  lingkungan. Penyuluhan  materi lingkungan dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan disampaikan secara terencana untuk mewujudkan suasana pendampingan kepada 60 orang laki-laki dan perempuan yang rentan akibat korban bencana longsor. Masyarakat telah  aktif dapat mengembangkan potensi dirinya untuk memiliki kekuatan spiritual keagamaan, pengendalian diri, kepribadian, kecerdasan, akhlak mulia, serta keterampilan yang diperlukan dirinya, masyarakat, bangsa dan negara.  Mendorong perubahan sikap yang membuka jalan bagi keberlanjutan dalam konteks  lingkungan, keberlanjutan pembangunan  yang adil bagi generasi sekarang maupun yang akan datang.  Dalam proses pelaksanaan pelatihan ini telah dilakuka penilaian proses berupa: antusiasme, kerjasama rasa ingin tahu, ikut serta memberikan ide, disiplin, gagasan baru kreatifitas, minat, kemampuan mengemukakan pendapat, dan motivasi. Produk fashion karakter alam versi milenial telah dipromosikan untuk masyarakat sekitar dan masyarakat pengunjung atau wisatawan lokal dan manca negara, berupa kain jumputan yang didisain versi milenial  dan tas limbah plastik versi milenial. Pada tahun 2020 di desiminasikan melalui penelitian di NTB.
Penerjemahan Ke Dalam Bahasa Prancis Teks Dokumentasi Di Museum M.H. Thamrin
Authors: Dewi Evi Rosyani , Lustyantie Ninuk , Isnan Fathurrahman Nur
Published: December 2022

Museum sebagai destinasi wisata tidak hanya memberikan nilai hiburan tetapi juga memberikan nilai edukasi kepada setiap pengunjungnya. Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara yang telah banyak mengalami peristiwa bersejarah menyimpan beragam peninggalan serta kisah peristiwa yang diabadikan di dalam Museum. Salah satu di antara beragam kisah pahlawan perjuangan di Indonesia, Mohammad Hoesni Thamrin menjadi salah satu tokoh pejuang dari kaum betawi yang memiliki andil besar dalam perkembangan kota Jakarta. Kisah dan peninggalan dari Mohammad Hoesni Thamrin diabadikan di Museum MH Thamrin. Namun sayangnya jumlah pengunjung Museum MH Thamrin mengalami penurunan, meskipun jumlah pengunjung wisatawan di Indonesia meningkat. Oleh Sebab itu Tim Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Prancis melakukan kegiatan peningkatan mutu pelayanan Museum M.H. Thamrin dengan menambah kekayaan bahasa koleksi-koleksi pada Museum M.H. Thamrin. Kegiatan ini berfokus untuk menerjemahkan teks dokumentasi pada museum M.H. Thamrin ke dalam bahasa Prancis. Selain untuk menambah nilai estetika, penambahan opsi kebahasaan ini dapat mempermudah wisatawan asing berbahasa Prancis ketika berkunjung ke Museum M.H Thamrin. Selama pelaksanaan, tim akan menerjemahkan teks ke dalam bahasa Prancis menggunakan metode dari Munday (2010) dan mengombinasikannya dengan metode dari Newmark (1998). Dengan melakukan kedua metode tersebut akan menghasilkan terjemahan teks yang jelas dan komunikatif sehingga mempermudah wisatawan asing berbahasa Prancis dalam memahami objek yang ada di Museum MH Thamrin. Hasil terjemahan tersebut kemudian akan dikelola oleh pihak museum yang kemudian akan diaplikasikan sebagai bahasa tambahan pada diorama koleksi Museum M.H. Thamrin.
P2M TEMATIK MASYARAKAT RENGASDENGKLOK (STUDI KASUS FENOMENA MASYARAKAT RENGASDENGKLOK)
Authors: Afriadi Bambang
Published: December 2022

Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk memotret dan mengukur kontribusi pelayanan masyarakat yang tepat. Studi utama yang menjadi dasar artikel ini terdiri dari dua fase: Fase 1 adalah deskripsi dan eksplorasi persepsi untuk pendampingan, dan Fase 2 berfokus pada pengembangan program pendampingan untuk masyarakat rengasdengklok. Melalui penelitian kualitatif maka akan diadakan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat (P2M) yang ditujukan dalam bidang pendidikan yaitu berupa pelatihan untuk guru agar dapat meningkatkan kualitas guru di rengasdengklok. Sedangkan kesehatan lingkungan terutama dalam sanitasi di lingkungan Rengasdengklok belum terlalu baik karena mengalami pencemaran baik pencemaran tanah, air, dan udara.
Penguatan karakter melalui literasi sejarah untuk generasi muda
Authors: Kurniawati  , Abrar Abrar Abrar Abrar , M. Fakhruddin M. Fakhruddin , Pamela Ayesma Pamela Ayesma , Triasih Kartikowati Triasih Kartikowati
Published: December 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran tentang pentingnya membina karakter generasi muda sebagai penerus bangsa melalui literasi sejarah. Dengan belajar sejarah seseorang dapat memahami dirinya dan mengetahui pentingnya keberadaannya dalam suatu bangsa baik itu di masa lalu, sekarang maupun di masa yang akan datang. Namun, pentingnya pelajaran sejarah tidak berarti semua orang tertarik untuk mempelajari sejarah, terutama generasi muda yang banyak menganggap pelajaran sejarah membosankan karenanya informasi sejarah yang diketahui mereka juga sangat terbatas. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah dengan menerapkan konsep literasi sejarah. Untuk meningkatkan literasi sejarah di kalangan generasi muda diperlukan kegiatan-kegiatan yang mendukung untuk mempromosikannya. Solusi yang paling tepat dalam rangka penguatan karakter melalui literasi sejarah adalah dengan memanfaatkan sejarah lokal. Dengan sejarah lokal diharapkan generasi muda akan mudah memahami dan mencintai budaya dari bangsanya sendiri. Maka literasi sejarah melalui sejarah lokal membantu generasi muda untuk lebih mengenal dirinya sebagai pribadi, sebagai bagian dari daerahnya dan sebagai bagian dari suatu bangsa. Pelaksanaan program pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan peneliti di Cianjur bertujuan memperkuat karakter generasi muda melalui literasi sejarah. Pemuda karang taruna Desa Bobojong diajak mengenali sejarah lokal di mana mereka tinggal termasuk kearifan lokal yang dimiliki orang Cianjur yaitu Ngaos, Mamaos dan Maenpo. Para pemuda secara kelompok diberi tugas untuk mengeksplorasi sejarah, budaya dan kondisi sosial-ekonomi masyarakat setempat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa 43% peserta menilai sangat baik, 46% baik dan 11% cukup baik sementara isi materi yang ditampilkan dinilai sangat baik (36%) dan baik (46%). Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan peneliti ini bermanfaat sehingga dapat diteruskan di masa mendatang.
The THE ROLE OF THE ENVIRONMENT SERVICE IN CREATING A CLEAN CITY IN WAMENA CITY
Authors: HARYATI TATI
Published: December 2022

Wamena City or Baliem Valley is a unique city located in a mountainous area that is being hunted by foreign tourists. However, the threat of environmental pollution due to waste has become a threat to the innovation policy of the Regional Government of Jayawijaya Regency. Therefore, it is hoped that the Jayawijaya Regency Regional Government will have an active role in this case the Jayawijaya Regency Environmental Service which is of course responsible for the Environmental Cleanliness of Wamena City.

Through a qualitative method, the authors found that the lack of facilities provided by the Jayawijaya Regency Government made it difficult to realize a Clean Wamena City, in addition, which was marked by the behavior of people who were still not aware of the importance of maintaining cleanliness, littering, or the presence of a lot of piles. garbage that can be found everywhere, there is not even a clear sanction for each violator.
Analisis Penerapan 3r (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) Pada Masyarakat Di Sepanjang Aliran Siring Kelurahan Pondok Besi Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Morin Fadilah Putri  , Singkam Abdul Rahman
Published: December 2022

The society around Pondok Besi sewage was believed to have contributed for mass of waste in Tapak Paderi beach, Bengkulu City. The bad habit of those people that usually dump their waste into the sewage, and disembogue to Tapak Paderi beach, needs to be resolved. Besides interfering the allure of Tapak Paderi beach, the plastic part of this waste will unravel into micro- and nanoplastic in the ocean. This research aims to analyze the application of 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) on the society around Pondok Besi sewage. Data collection was conducted by interviewing using a designed questionnaire. The research discovered that application of 3R in the people around Pondok Besi sewage is very low. 55% of the respondents didn’t bring their reusable bag for shopping, 88% will still buy their wanted product though it results a massive waste. 75% of them also didn’t reuse their empty bottles/containers and neither recycle their inorganic waste, and none of the respondents recycle their organic waste. Moreover, 85% of the respondents can’t provide an example of activity as application of 3R. Based on these results, a further action to improve the awareness of people around Pondok Besi sewage in applying 3R is required.
Анализ динамики эпидемического процесса COVID-19 в мире за неделю с 03.12.2022 г. по 09.12.2022 г.
Authors: Зимирова Анастасия , Поспелов Михаил , Иванова Александра , Дмитриева Людмила , Чумачкова Елена , Карнаухов Игорь , Щербакова Светлана , Кутырев Владимир
Published: December 2022

В обзоре представлен анализ эпидемиологической ситуации в странах мира по COVID-19, за неделю с 03.12.2022 г. по 09.12.2022 г.
Do Prior Information on Performance of Individual Classifiers for Fusion of Probabilistic Classifier Outputs using Yayambo Matter?
Authors: Masakuna Jordan Felicien , Kafunda Pierre Katalay
Published: December 2022

In this paper, a performance-agnostic fusion of probabilistic classifier outputs from [21] (called Yayambo) is modified. Yayambo is iterative and was proposed for combining probabilistic outputs of black-box classifiers trained for the same task to make a single consensus class prediction. Yayambo considers the diversity between the outputs of the various classifiers, iteratively updating predictions based on their correspondence with other predictions until the predictions converge to a consensus decision. [21] treated black-box classifiers. For this paper, cases where prior information, i.e. performances of individual classifiers in
the form of accuracy is taken into account for fusion of classifier outputs are considered. Then we discussed the relevance of prior information for combination of probabilistic classifier outputs. Though informed classifier fusion methods outperform uniformed classifier fusion methods in general, the experiments have demonstrated that performances of classifier fusion methods, for both informed and uniformed fusion methods, depend on nature of data and types of individual classifiers used. This means that one needs to carefully select a classifier fusion method under good understanding of characteristics of data sets and
classification models used. In other words, for some situations, uninformed classifier fusion methods might outperform the informed ones. The modified version of Yayambo (i.e. informed Yayambo) outperforms the uninformed one in most cases considered in this study.
Performance improvement of solar photovoltaic models with parameter extraction by using state-of-art metaheuristic methods
Authors: Bakir Huseyin
Published: December 2022

In today’s technology, solar energy continues to be one of the leading renewable energy sources in electricity production methods due to its abundance on the Earth's surface and non-polluting nature. In solar systems, it is relatively easy to produce the electricity from the sun, and its efficiency can be enhanced with the optimization of the parameters in photovoltaic (PV) systems. From this point of view, the present paper has centered on the parameter optimization of single-diode, double-diode, and three PV module models with state-of-art optimization algorithms. In this direction, flow direction algorithm (FDA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), student psychology-based optimization (SPBO), adaptive guided differential evolution algorithm (AGDE), stochastic fractal search (SFS) and fitness-distance balance based SFS (FDB-SFS) are applied to extract the PV cell parameters. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) is utilized as performance evaluation criteria. For reliable and coherent results, 30 runs of the algorithm are performed. Based on experimental results, the best estimation accuracy is reached by the FDB-SFS algorithm. The mean RMSE values are achieved to be 1.03E-03, 9.90E-04, 2.42E-03, 1.72E-03, and 1.67E-02 for the single-diode, double-diode, Photowatt-PWP201, STM6-40/36, and STP6-120/36 PV modules, respectively. Friedman and Wilcoxon test results verify that FDB-SFS is an efficient and powerful method that can be used for solar PV parameter extraction.
The Role of Multiple Sclerosis Therapies on the Dynamic of Human Gut Microbiota
Authors: Vacaras Vitalie , Muresanu Dafin F , Buzoianu Anca-Dana , Nistor Cristina , Vesa Stefan Cristian , Paraschiv Andreea Cristina , Botos-Vacaras Daniela , Vacaras Cristiana , Vithoulkas George
Published: December 2022

Gut microbiota, the total microorganisms in our gastrointestinal tract, might have an implication in multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating neurological disease. Our study included 50 MS patients and 21 healthy controls (HC). Twenty patients received a disease modifying therapy (DMT), interferon beta1a or teriflunomide, 19 DMT combined with homeopathy and 11 patients accepted only homeopathy. We collected in total 142 gut samples, two for each individual: at the study enrolment and eight weeks after treatment. We compared MS patients’ microbiome with HC, we analysed its evolution in time and the effect of interferon beta1a, teriflunomide and homeopathy. There was no difference in alpha diversity, only two beta diversity results related to homeopathy. Compared to HC, untreated MS patients had a decrease of Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium prauznitzii and increased Prevotella stercorea, while treated patients presented lowered Ruminococcus and Clostridium. Compared to the initial sample, treated MS patients had a decrease of Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcus and an increased Enterococcus faecalis. Eubacterium oxidoreducens was reduced after homeopathic treatment. The study revealed that MS patients may present dysbiosis. Treatment with interferon beta1a, teriflunomide or homeopathy implied several taxonomic changes. DMTs and homeopathy might influence the gut microbiota.
Accurate Chemical Abundance of Mrk 71 from Optical and Infrared Spectra
Authors: Chen Yuguang , Jones Tucker , Sanders Ryan , Fadda Dario , Sutter Jessica , Minchin Robert , Huntzinger Erin , Senchyna Peter , Stark Daniel , Spilker Justin , Weiner Benjamin , Roberts-Borsani Guido
Published: December 2022

The heavy element content ("metallicity") of the Universe is a record of the total star formation history. Gas-phase metallicity in galaxies, as well as its evolution with time, is of particular interest as a tracer of accretion and outflow processes. However, metallicities from the widely-used electron temperature (Te) method are typically ~2 times lower than the values based on the recombination line method. This "abundance discrepancy factor" (ADF) is well known and is commonly ascribed to bias due to temperature fluctuations. We present a measurement of oxygen abundance in the nearby (3.4 Mpc) system, Mrk 71, using a combination of optical and far-IR emission lines to measure and correct for temperature fluctuation effects. Our far-IR result is inconsistent (~2.5σ significance) with the metallicity from recombination lines and instead indicates little to no bias in the standard Te method, ruling out the long-standing hypothesis that the ADF is explained by temperature fluctuations for this object. Our results provide a framework to accurately measure metallicity across cosmic history, including with recent data reaching within the first billion years with JWST and the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA).
Indirect plant-mediated interactions between heterospecific parasitoids that develop in different caterpillar species
Authors: Cuny Maximilien A.C. , Pierron Romain , Gols Rieta , Poelman Erik H.
Published: December 2022

Koinobiont parasitoids induce physiological changes in their herbivorous hosts that affect how plants respond to herbivory. The signature of parasitoids on induced plant responses to feeding by parasitized herbivores indirectly impacts insect communities interacting with the plant. The effect may extend to parasitoids and cause indirect interaction between parasitoids that develop inside different herbivore hosts sharing the food plant. However, this type of indirect plant-mediated interactions (IPMIs) among parasitoid larvae has received very little attention. In this study, we investigated sequential and simultaneous plant-mediated interactions among two host-parasitoid systems feeding on Brassica oleracea plants: Mamestra brassicae parasitized by Microplitis mediator and Pieris rapae parasitized by Cotesia rubecula. We measured the mortality, development time and weight of unparasitized herbivores and performance of parasitoids that had developed inside the two herbivore species when sharing the food plant either simultaneously or sequentially. Plant induction by parasitized or unparasitized hosts had no significant effect on the performance of the two herbivore host species. In contrast, the two parasitoid species had asymmetrical indirect plant-mediated effects on each other’s performance. Cotesia rubecula dry weight was significantly increased by plants induced by M. mediator-parasitized hosts, while M. mediator development time was reduced by plant induced responses to conspecific but not to heterospecific parasitoids. Contrary to sequential feeding, parasitoids had no effect on each others performance when feeding simultaneously. These results reveal that indirect plant-mediated interactions among parasitoid larvae could involve any parasitoid species whose hosts share a food plant.
The effect of photobiomodulation and Akkermansia muciniphila on THP-1 derived macrophage polarization treated with gliadin peptide
Authors: Sherafat Somayeh Jahani- , Rouzbahani Sara Molaaghaee- , Asri Nastaran , Tavirani Mostafa Rezaei , Baghaei Kaveh , Rostami-Nejad Mohammad , Razzaghi Zahra
Published: December 2022

Background and objective: Photobiomodulation (PBM) and Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila)have been shown to be effective in improving inflammatory conditions with positive effects on increasing the population of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. In this study, gliadin stimulated THP-1 derived macrophages were treated with A. muciniphila and PBM to evaluate their effects on promoting the polarization of M2 MQs.
Methods and Results: The human monocyte cell line (THP-1) was differentiated to Macrophages (MQ). MQs were stimulated with 200 μg/ml gliadin for 24 h and then were treated with PBM 810 nm alone and along with Akkermansia muciniphila for following 24 h to evaluate their effects on macrophages polarization. THP-1 derived MQs were also treated with PBM and A. muciniphila to evaluate their effects on non-stimulated MQs. CD11b, CD80, and CD206 levels were evaluated by flow cytometry technique. Moreover, the expression of some M1and M2-related cytokines were determined. PBM of gliadin stimulated MQs decreased IL-6 and increased TGF-β, IL-10 and TNF-α expression compared with gliadin exposed MQs. PBM along with A. muciniphila treatment induced IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 expression in MQs in comparison to the untreated group and also elevated TGF-β, IL-10 and TNF-α levels in gliadin triggered MQs related to gliadin stimulated MQ cells.
Conclusion: The result of this study showed the potential of PBMT and A. muciniphila to be used for modulating inflammatory responses and macrophages polarization, which may open new perspectives to find possible therapeutic target for celiac diseases.
Study of the mandibular canal through the diaphanization technique: a possibility for the development of didactic material
Authors: de Lima Natalia Cunha Pinheiro , Macedo Nayara Flores , Vianna Michelle Santos
Published: December 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study is to produce didactic material so that the student of the Dentistry Course can understand the topographic relationship of the mandible canal with the alveolar process and the roots of the permanent teeth in a diaphanized model, right at the beginning of the course.
Material and Methods: The diaphanization technique was applied to a dry human jaw, with all teeth, except the lower first molars, from the Anatomy Laboratory at Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR). Bone decalcification was followed by dehydration, clarification and fixation steps. Subsequently, the bone was analyzed by direct observation of the specimen.
Results: The observation of the mandibular canal was possible only up to the mental foramen region. The ramus suffered much more acid action than the body, given the result of the clarification observed. When comparing the right and left sides, it was observed that on the right side the bone was a little more calcified, revealing less transparency. The characterization of the places where there is compact bone and spongy bone was very evident in the ramus of the mandible.
Conclusions: The technique of diaphanization applied to the human jaw still requires improvement, however, it allowed the production of didactic material that allows the direct visualization of the mandible canal.
ApoE4 causes severe COVID-19 outcomes via downregulation of ACE2
Authors: Chen Feng , Chen Yanting , Ke Qiongwei , Wang Yongxiang , Gong Zheng , Chen Xiongjin , Cai Yujie , Li Shengnan , Sun Yuanhong , Peng Xiaoping , Ji Yao , Zhang Tianzhen , Wu Wenxian , Cui Lili , wang Yan
Published: December 2022

Background
Recent numerous epidemiology and clinical association studies reported that ApoE polymorphism may associate with the risk and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and yielded inconsistent results. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection relies on its spike protein binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor expressed on host cell membranes.
Methods
A meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the association between ApoE polymorphism and the risk and severity of COVID-19. Multiple protein interaction assays were utilized to investigate the potential molecular link between ApoE and spike protein and between ApoE and also the SARS-CoV-2 primary receptor ACE2. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining methods were used to access the regulatory effect of different ApoE isoform on ACE2 protein expression.
Results
ApoE gene polymorphism (ε4 carries genotypes VS non-ε4 carries genotypes) is associated with the increased risk (P = 0.0003, OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.18–1.76) and progression (P < 0.00001, OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.50–2.28) of COVID-19. ApoE interacts with both the spike protein and ACE2 but did not show isoform-dependent binding effects. ApoE4 significantly downregulates ACE2 protein expression in vitro and in vivo and subsequently decreases the conversion of Ang II to Ang 1–7.
Conclusions
ApoE4 increases SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in a manner that may not depend on differential interactions with the spike protein or ACE2. Instead, ApoE4 downregulates ACE2 protein expression and subsequently the dysregulation of renin–angiotensin system (RAS) may provide explanation by which ApoE4 exacerbates COVID-19 disease.
Prediction of recovery after hip arthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures based on decision tree model
Authors: Chen Huaping , Xu Xiao , Xia Jingjing , Sun Huiping
Published: December 2022

To investigate the predictive value of the decision tree model for the recovery of femoral neck fractures after hip arthroplasty in elderly patients. A total of 206 elderly patients with femoral neck fractures who received surgeries in our hospital from January 2019 to June 2020 were recruited as subjects. Six months after the operation, they were divided into a good recovery group (Harris score ≥ 70) and a poor recovery group (Harris score < 70) according to the Harris Hip Score. General data, surgical conditions, and postoperative conditions were observed in the two groups. Python language was utilized to construct the decision tree model for postoperative recovery predictions in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures and its performance was verified. After 6 months of follow-up, 3 cases were excluded and 203 cases were finally included. Among them, 158 cases in the good recovery group accounted for 77.83% and 45 cases in the poor recovery group accounted for 22.17%. There were significant differences in age, Charlson comorbidity index, Mini-Mental State Examination score, MNA-SF, FI-CGA score, postoperative weight-bearing time, and social support rating scale score between the two groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in sex and fracture site between the two groups (P > 0.05). Decision tree analysis exhibited that the MNA-SF score was an important factor affecting the postoperative recovery of hip fractures. The best parameters obtained were used for internal verification of the included subjects, and the results demonstrated that the accuracy rate of the model was 88.18%; the sensitivity was 93.33%; the specificity was 86.71%; the positive predictive value was 66.67%; the negative predictive value was 97.86%. The construction of the decision tree model can better exhibit the factors affecting the postoperative recovery of elderly patients with femoral neck fractures, and nutritional status is the most important factor affecting postoperative recovery.
Using genome-wide SSR analysis to understand the genetic diversity and structure of 174 Akebia trifoliata accessions
Authors: Chen Wei , Yang Huai , Yang Hao , Zhong Shengfu , Dong Qing , Chen Chen , Ren Tianheng , Li Zhi , Tan Feiquan , Peigao Luo
Published: December 2022

Genetic diversity is usually regarded as an important role for understanding the origin, evolution and environmental adaptation of species. A total of 174 living collections of Akebia trifoliata and 72 high-polymorphism-potential (HPP) simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were employed to systematically explore the diversity and structure of this species. The average number of alleles (Na), Shannon's information index (I), number of effective alleles (Ne), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He) and polymorphism information content (PIC) values were 9.01, 1.64, 4.98, 0.56, 0.72 and 0.69, respectively, and the linkage disequilibrium (LD) locus pairs percentage was on 1.17%. The PIC value of AK78 was the highest (0.92), while that of AK53 was the lowest (0.21). Sixty of 72 loci exhibited high polymorphism, while only one exhibited low polymorphism. In addition, the average PIC of chromosomes varied from 0.56 to 0.79. The genetic diversity of the SCB population was the highest, while that of NQH was the lowest. Further analysis of SCB suggested that JSJ-MJ, in the main part of the Heng Duan Mountain zone, had the highest genetic diversity and could be the origin centre of A. trifoliata. The main migration route of A. trifoliata could have been latitudinally from western to eastern China along the Yangtze River. Structure, cluster and principal coordinate analyses yielded similar results, revealing that the 6 populations could be divided into 2 groups or clusters. The geographic origin of several unknown accessions, such as Alc-166, Alc-171, Alc-172 and Alc-174, was revealed by cluster analysis. Overall, the results suggested that the living collections of A. trifoliata had high genetic diversity, good representativeness, and low duplication, which will benefit A. trifoliata germplasm collection, preservation, and breeding applications.
A protective, single-visit TB vaccination regimen by co-administration of a subunit vaccine with BCG
Authors: Mortensen Rasmus , Dijkman Karin , Lindenstrøm Thomas , Rosenkrands Ida , Søe Rikke , Woodworth Joshua , Arlehamn Cecilia Lindestam
Published: December 2022

The only licensed tuberculosis (TB) vaccine, Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG), fails to reliably protect adolescents and adults from pulmonary TB, resulting in approximately 1.6 million deaths annually. Protein subunit vaccines have shown promise against TB in clinical studies. Unfortunately, most subunit vaccines require multiple administrations, which increase the risk of loss to follow up and necessitates more complex and costly logistics. Given the well-documented adjuvant effect of BCG, we hypothesized that BCG co-administration could compensate for a reduced number of subunit vaccinations. To explore this, we developed an expression-optimized version of our H107 vaccine candidate (H107e), which does not cross-react with BCG. In the CAF®01 adjuvant, a single dose of H107e induced inferior protection compared to three H107e/CAF®01 administrations. However, co-administering a single-dose of H107e/CAF®01 with BCG significantly improved protection, which was equal to BCG co-administered with three H107e/CAF®01 doses. Importantly, combining BCG with a single H107e/CAF®01 dose also increased protection in previously BCG primed animals. Overall, a single dose of H107e/CAF®01 with BCG induced long-lived immunity and triggered BCG-specific Th17 responses. These data supports co-administration of BCG and subunit vaccines in both BCG naïve and BCG primed individuals as an improved TB vaccine strategy with reduced number of vaccination visits
Associations between body circumference and testosterone levels and risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Ning Lin , Sun Jianguang
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUD: Body circumference and testosterone levels has been reported as associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) risk. However, whether body circumference and testosterone levels play a role in the development of MAFLD remains inconclusive.
METHODS: Using a large database of genome-wide association studies, genetic loci that are independent of each other and strongly associated with body circumference and testosterone levels were selected as instrumental variables, the causal relationship between body circumference and testosterone and risk of MAFLD was investigated by two-sample Mendelian randomization methods such as inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and weighted median estimator (WME), using the odds ratios (ORs) as evaluation indicators.
RESULTS: A total of 377 SNPs were included as instrumental variables in this study, including 3 for neck circumference, 165 for waist circumference, 78 for hip circumference, and 131 for testosterone levels. Using the two-sample Mendelian randomization method described above to derive a causal association between exposure and outcome, the IVW method was used as the primary method of analysis, and the results of the analysis showed a causal association between all four exposure factors and MAFLD, with an OR of neck circumference was 0.87,95%CI:0.78~0.98, P=0.018; and an OR of waist circumference of 2.88, 95%CI: 1.73 to 4.81, P<0.001, OR of hip circumference was 0.48, 95%CI:0.24~0.96, P=0.039, and an OR of testosterone level of 1.75, 95%CI:1.17~2.62, P=0.006. Cochran Q test by IVW and MR-Egger method showed that SNPs did not have intergenic heterogeneity, and the test for pleiotropy indicated a weak possibility of pleiotropy in the causal analysis.
CONCLUSION: The results of the two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis showed that waist circumference and testosterone level were risk factors for MAFLD, and the incidence of MAFLD increased as both increased; neck circumference and hip circumference were protective factors for MAFLD, and the risk of MAFLD decreased as both increased.
RETRACTED: Are Generic Imatinib Formulations Really as Effective as Originial Imatinib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Real Life Data
Authors: Kırcalı Ekin , Seval Güldane Cengiz , Bozdağ Sinem Civriz , Toprak Selami Koçak , Yüksel Meltem Kurt , Arslan Önder , Özcan Muhit , Demirer Taner , Gürman Günhan , İlhan Osman , Akan Hamdi , Beksaç Meral , Topçuoğlu Pervin
Published: December 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.