bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lineamiento – Asignación de bonificaciones a miembros de los comités institucionales de ética
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Lineamiento para la asignación de bonificaciones a miembros de los comités institucionales de ética. Versión 2.0 (2023).
Precisiones respecto a la evaluación de proyectos de tesis e investigación realizados por miembros de Científica – versión 2023
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Precisiones respecto a la evaluación de proyectos de tesis e investigación realizados por miembros de Científica. Versión 2.0 (2023).
Lineamiento – Convalidación de horas extracurriculares vinculadas con investigación
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Lineamiento – Convalidación de horas extracurriculares vinculadas con investigación. Versión 2.0 (2023).
Procedimiento – Convalidación de horas extracurriculares vinculadas con investigación
Authors:   Universidad Científica del Sur
Published: September 2024

Procedimiento – Convalidación de horas extracurriculares vinculadas con investigación. Versión 1.0 (2023).
Traffic Flow Prediction Based on Transformer And Multi-Graph Fusion Convolution
Authors: Liu Yijun , huang hao , Ye Wujian
Published: September 2024

Traffic flow is an indispensable part of intelligent transportation systems, playing a significant role in alleviating urban traffic congestion. Due to the complex spatiotemporal correlations and heterogeneity inherent in traffic flow data, most existing models exhibit insufficient performance when handling such data, leading to issues such as low accuracy and poor real-time capabilities. In this paper, a network model based on Transformer and Multi-Graph Fusion Convolution (TMGCN) is proposed. Firstly, periodic variations in the time series are extracted using the Transformer module. Subsequently, a multi-graph fusion module is employed to model spatial correlations by fusing road connectivity graph, dynamic speed graph and similarity graph. The above periodic serial feature and multi-graph feature serve as inputs to the spatiotemporal convolutional module (STGC) for extracting spatiotemporal features. Finally, a fully connected layer is applied to process the features and obtain the prediction results. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model achieves a reduction in the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) for traffic flow prediction in the next hour to 19.33 and 15.73 on the public datasets of PEMS04 and PEMS08, respectively.
Zero-shot Video-based Visual Question Answering for Visually Impaired People
Authors: Pal Ratnabali , Kar Samarjit , Ahmed Sekh Arif
Published: September 2024

83% of the world's population owned a smartphone today. The use of smartphones as personal assistants is also emerging. This article proposes a new video dataset suitable for few-shot or zero-shot learning. The dataset contains handheld product videos captured using a handheld smartphone by visually impaired (VI) people. With the ultimate goal of improving assistive technology for the VI, the dataset is designed to facilitate question-answering based on both textual and visual features. One of the objectives of such video analytics is to develop assistive technology for visually impaired people for day-to-day activity management and also provide an independent shopping experience. This article highlights the limitations of existing deep learning-based approaches when applied to the dataset, suggesting that they pose novel challenges for computer vision researchers. We propose a zero-shot VQA for the problem. Despite the current approaches' poor performance, they foster a training-free zero-shot approach, providing a baseline for visual question-answering towards the foundation for future research. We believe the dataset provides new challenges and attracts many computer vision researchers. This dataset will be available.
How is Digital Health Intervention Co-design Conducted and Described? An Umbrella Review
Authors: Whelan Pauline , Kilfoy Alicia , Hsu Ting-Chen Chloe , Stockton-Powdrell Charlotte , Chu Charlene , Jibb Lindsay
Published: September 2024

Co-design has been suggested to improve intervention effectiveness and sustainability. However, digital health intervention co-design is inconsistently reported. This umbrella review aims to synthesize what is known about co-design of digital health interventions. We searched five databases from inception. Reviews which reported on co-design methodologies used in digital health were eligible. Information on review type, health conditions, and reported specifics of co-design were extracted and synthesized narratively. Methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR2 tool. We included 21 reviews published between 2015 and 2023. Co-design participants included patients, caregivers and healthcare professionals. The frequency and breadth of participant involvement in co-design activities were reported in less than half of reviews. Participants evaluated intervention co-design as a positive process. All reviews were rated as critically low quality. This umbrella review highlights the inconsistent reporting of co-design in digital health. Here, we emphasize the importance of creating guidelines to direct co-design activities.
Involving Young People in research investigating comorbidity associated with childhood-onset rheumatic disease: Perspectives of a series of focus groups
Authors: Siddiq Sab , Ainsworth Jenny S. , Pain Clare E. , M.D. Eve , Zhao Sizheng Steven , Hughes David M. , McCann Liza J.
Published: September 2024

Background Childhood-onset rheumatic diseases, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis, juvenile-onset lupus and juvenile dermatomyositis, appear to be associated with an increased risk of comorbidities in adulthood compared to the general population. For the first stage of a research project evaluating this topic, we wanted to capture views from young people with juvenile-onset rheumatic disease to ensure that further work was relevant to their lived experience and priorities. This study aimed to determine (i) which comorbidities young people identify as important, (ii) how they access information about their disease, including comorbidity risk, whether (iii) they would like to hear about the risk of comorbidities whilst they are under paediatric care and (iv) would be motivated to make lifestyle choices to decrease the risk of potential comorbidities.Methods A topic guide based on the proposed study aims was developed, and PowerPoint slides were prepared to facilitate three focus group discussions to gain insights from young people. Focus groups were conducted via video platform, and the views of young people were assimilated using notetaking and an online interactive polling tool.Results A total of 18 young people between 10 and 27 years of age participated in the focus groups. Mental health (including depression and anxiety) was described as important comorbidity by 17/18 (94%), followed by obesity or being overweight by 9/18 (50%), heart disease by 7/18 (39%) and stroke by 5/18 (28%) of participants. Young people reported searching UK National Health Service websites, charity resources, and Google for information on their disease and associated comorbidities. They stated that they would be willing to change their lifestyle to reduce the risk of comorbidities if information were given to them sensitively with clear practical steps for reducing risk.Conclusion Three groups of young people identified risk of mental health issues, obesity, and cardiovascular morbidities as particularly important to them. They reported searching online platforms related to their disease and increasingly accessed online resources as they transitioned from paediatric to adult care. Participants thought it would be helpful to provide information on young people’s disease and associated comorbidity in a motivational and sensitive way.
Effects of tool orientation and surface curvature on tool wear in ball end milling of 17-4PH stainless steel
Authors: Ji Wenbin , Shang Haoran , Li Bofan , Yang Hua , Li Zirui
Published: September 2024

During the process of 5-axis free-form milling, tool orientation and surface curvature of the workpiece have significant effects on tool wear. In this paper, five-axis milling experiments were carried out on 17-4PH stainless steel using a carbide ball end mill. The influence of tool orientation on the amount of wear, cutting force and chip morphology of the ball end cutter was investigated. The results show that tool wear is slighter at a tool inclination angle of approximately 15°, reducing tool wear by up to 29.55% compared to other angles. The inclination angle also has great effects on the milling force and torque signals, a suitable tool inclination angle makes the milling force and torque signals smooth, the standard deviation is only 0.94 N and 0.017 N·m. In addition, the chips can reflect the stability of the machining process to some extent. On this basis, different workpiece surfaces were selected to investigate the effect of workpiece surface characteristics on tool wear. The results show that more severe tool wear and higher milling force signals on curved surfaces occurred with smaller radii of curvature. An appropriate tool orientation in relation to the curvature of the workpiece surface can significantly reduce tool wear; concave surfaces are suitable for machining with a small angle of inclination, e.g. 5°~10°, whereas convex surfaces are suitable for machining with a larger angle of inclination, e.g. 20°~25°.
Mechanism of miR-130b-3p in relieving airway inflammation in asthma through HMGB1-TLR4-DRP1 axis
Authors: Han Xue , Song Yilan , Piao Yihua , Wang Zhiguang , Li Yan , Cui Qingsong , Piao Hongmei , Yan Guanghai
Published: September 2024

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease characterized by recurrent breathing difficulties caused by airway obstruction and hypersensitivity. Although there is diversity in their specific mechanisms, microRNAs (miRNAs) have a significant impact on the development of asthma. Currently, the contribution of miR-130b-3p to asthma remains elusive. The goal of this study was to examine whether miR-130b-3p attenuates house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma through High-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1)/Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/mitochondrial fission protein (DRP1) signaling pathway. We elucidate that miR-130b-3p can bind to the HMGB1 3'UTR, attenuating HMGB1 mRNA and protein levels, and nucleo-cytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1. We observed that miR-130b-3p agomir or HMGB1 CKO attenuated HDM-induced airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, and decreased Th2-type cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and mediastinal lymph nodes. Further, HMGB1 CKO contributes to alleviating Th2 inflammation in AT-II cells (CD45.2−/CD31−/Epcam−/proSP-C+/MHC-II+) from lung single cell suspensions of asthmatic mice by flow cytometry. Our findings identified miR-130b-3p as a potent regulator in asthma that exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by targeting HMGB1 and the subsequent HMGB1/TLR4/Drp1 axis, presenting a prospective novel therapeutic avenue for asthma management.
Deciphering the evolutionary origin of the exceptional slow pace-of-life of marine endotherms
Authors: Sol Daniel , Prego Anton , Olive Laura , Genovart Meritxell , Oro Daniel , Hernandez-Matías Antonio
Published: September 2024

All organisms face a certain risk of dying before reproducing. Given that reproducing earlier can also ensure that offspring start breeding sooner, there is strong pressure on individuals to reproduce as early as possible. Why, then, some organisms mature late, defer reproduction and age slowly? Major evolutionary transitions in life history are believed to result from the invasion of niches altering extrinsic mortality and imposing new adaptive challenges. However, limited research on these transitions has hindered understanding their role in the evolution of extremely slow-lived strategies. We reveal here that the invasion of marine environments by birds and mammals triggered profound adaptive shifts towards extremely slower life histories, particularly in pelagic lineages. Such life history convergences were facilitated by the slow-paced nature of their non-marine ancestors, and were associated with adaptations for enhanced energy acquisition and storage, facilitating a long reproductive lifespan at the expense of extended development. Ancestral traits and lifestyle changes might thus have been essential in shaping the evolution of exceptionally slow life histories.
Azoramide, a novel regulator, favors adipogenesis against osteogenesis through inhibiting the GLP-1 receptor-PKA-β-catenin pathway
Authors: Yan Zhao , Ruan Banjun , Cao Xiaorui , Lu Zifan
Published: September 2024

Background
The reciprocal fate decision of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to either bone or adipocytes is determined by Wnt-related signaling and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Azoramide, an ER stress alleviator, was reported to have an antidiabetic effect. In this study, we investigated the function of azoramide in regulating the lineage determination of MSCs for either adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation.
Methods
In this study, microcomputed tomography and histological analysis on bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2-induced parietal periosteum bone formation assays, C3H10T1/2 and mouse bone marrow MSC-derived bone formation and adipogenesis assays, and specific staining for bone tissue and lipid droplets were used to evaluate the role of azoramide on the lineage determination of MSC differentiation. Cells were harvested for Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunofluorescence staining was used to explore the potential mechanism of azoramide for regulating MSC differentiation.
Results
Based on MSC-derived bone formation assays both in vivo and in vitro, azoramide treatment displayed a cell fate determining ability in favor of adipogenesis over osteogenesis. Further mechanistic characterizations disclosed that both the GLP-1R agonist peptide exendin-4 (Ex-4) and GLP-1R small interfering (si)RNA abrogated azoramide dual effects. Moreover, cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated nuclear β-catenin activity was responsible for the negative function of azoramide on bone formation in favor of adipogenesis. Conclusions: These data provide the first evidence to show that azoramide may serve as an antagonist against GLP-1R in MSC lineage determination.
Combining simple analytical methods enables the prediction of volatile transport through paper
Authors: Teubler Raimund , Serebrennikova Alexandra , Hoffellner Lisa , Leitner Erich , Zojer Karin
Published: September 2024

Paper is a widely used material in our daily life and has diverse applications. However, the range of possible applications is limited due to legal requirements for the permeability of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) through the inherently porous material. Volatile organic compounds are transported in the material on the one hand by diffusion through the three-dimensional porous network and on the other hand by successive sorption and desorption processes. The relative importance of the processes is governed by the physical and chemical properties of both the VOC and the paper. The specific interactions between a VOC and paper and the resulting transport duration are expected to vary strongly with the VOC and paper type. Here, three strikingly simple and complementary analytical methods are developed and combined to enable the quantification of the dynamics of transport for a broad variety of VOCs and paper grades. For each method, the mode of application, the strengths, weaknesses, and limitations are highlighted. The merit of combining these methods is showcased by explaining how the collected data serve as the basis for predictive modelling of transport.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) MSC code1 · MSC code2 · more
Precision control mechanism of angular contact ball bearing based on error transfer
Authors: Wang Dongfeng , Yuan Julong , Guo Luguang , Ren Kun , Wang Shuqi , Chen Fangyuan
Published: September 2024

Angular contact ball bearing is one of the most classic types of rolling bearings. In this paper, the relationship between the size of each component and the overall structural parameters of the finished bearing is analyzed for the high-speed precision angular contact ball. The error transfer law between the accuracy of the components and the accuracy of the finished structural parameters is obtained, and the influence coefficient of the size of the key parts on the overall structural parameters of the finished bearing is quantitatively evaluated and estimated. In conjunction with the process index of the equipment processing capacity being determined and optimized, a numerical analysis model based on the error transfer law is built for the accurate control of the overall structural parameters. The results show that the diameter (Dw) of the steel ball has the most significant effect on the accuracy of the structural parameters, and the curvature radius (Ri and Re) of the inner and outer ring grooves have the weakest effect. For example, the influence coefficient of the diameter of the steel ball on the contact angle is as high as 6.996, while the groove curvature radius is only 0.81; Finally, the accuracy and practicability of the accuracy control analysis model are verified by the typical model of high-speed precision angular contact ball bearing H7008 produced by a company.
New molecular evidence of the rare genus Hydrurus (Chrysophyceae) and descriptions of Hydrurus foetidus (Villars) Trevisan on the basis of morphological and molecular phylogeny
Authors: Hao Junxue , An Yalu , Nan Fangru , Lv Junping , Liu Qi , Liu Xudong , Xie Shulian , Feng Jia
Published: September 2024

A new site with benthic freshwater alga Hydrurus foetidus (Villars) Trevisan has been discovered in the Fenhe River in Shanxi Province, China. The physical and chemical parameters of water were meticulously measured and documented. The H. foetidus thalli exhibited a unique structure, consisting of a firm central axis surrounded by peripheral branches, all encapsulated by a viscous gelatinous coating. Detailed morphological observations were conducted on the specimen, measuring of different cell categories. The SSU, LSU, ITS, and rbcL DNA sequence data of H. foetidus collected from Shanxi were determined. An extensive three-gene phylogenetic tree was constructed, revealing a strong relationship between the specimen in this study and H. foetidus specimen from Norway. Time-calibrated molecular phylogenetic analysis further indicated that the genus Hydrurus diverged approximately 125 million years ago (Early Cretaceous), while the two H. foetidus strains from Shanxi, China and Norway diverged approximately 6 million years ago (Neogene). The results of this study supplement new molecular evidence for H. foetidus and contribute significantly to our understanding of the geographical distribution and evolutionary history of the genus Hydrurus.
A 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, GLUCORAPHASATIN SYNTHASE 1 (GRS1) is a major determinant for different aliphatic glucosinolates between radish and Chinese cabbage
Authors: Choi Peter , Nugroho Adji Baskoro Dwi , Moon Heewon , Kim Dong-Hwan
Published: September 2024

Glucosinolates (GSLs) are secondary metabolites in Brassicaceae plants and play a defensive role against a variety of abiotic and biotic stresses. Also, it exhibits anti-cancer activity against cancer cell in human. Different profiles of aliphatic GSL compounds between radish and Chinese cabbage were previously reported. However, molecular details underlying the divergent profile between two species were not clearly understood. In this study, we found that major difference of aliphatic GSLs profiles between two species is determined by the dominantly expressed genes in first step of the secondary modification phase, which are responsible for enzymatic catalysis of methylthioalkyl-glucosinolate. For instance, active expression of GLUCORAPHASATIN SYNTHASE 1 (GRS1) gene in radish play an important role in the production of glucoraphasatin (GRH) and glucoraphenin (GRE), a major aliphatic GSLs in radish. Meanwhile, Chinese cabbage was found to merely produce glucoraphasatin (GRH), instead producing glucoraphanin (GRA) and gluconapin (GNP) due to the mere expression of GRS1 homologs and abundant expressions of FLAVIN-CONTAINING MONOOXYGENASES (FMO GS-OX) homologs in Chinese cabbage. In addition, we noticed that wounding treatment on leaf tissues substantially enhanced the production of aliphatic and indolic GSLs in both Chinese cabbage and radish, indicating that GSLs are wound-induced defensive compounds in both Chinese cabbage and radish plants.
Molecular basis for the co-evolution of thermophysiology and pigmentation in Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Authors: Yan San-qiang , Lyu Bao-qian , Lu Hui , Tang Ji-hong , Zhang Qi-kai , Jiao Bin , Wu Yu-xin
Published: September 2024

In the context of global warming and increasing extreme heat, insect responses to temperature include physiological and biochemical changes such as changes in body color. One challenge in biology is to integrate diverse mechanisms of insect plasticity underlying responses to temperature. Life history and trait trade-offs provide a framework for investigating this issue as it relates to the synergistic optimization of related traits. High temperatures during the pupal stage can induce reductions in melanin levels and affect the body color of Habrobracon hebetor adults, with these changes accompanied by enhanced longevity at the expense of fecundity. In our study, we used transcriptome and metabolome sequencing, antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, POD) assays, and additions of exogenous antioxidants, and we found three important relationships: (1) The establishment of heat tolerance in this parasitoid involved responses of antioxidant systems, biogenic amines, and heat shock protein genes, and this tolerance was induced by heat experienced in the pupal stage, with results in the adult stage. (2) A trade-off existed between survival and reproduction based on energy and resource allocation under heat stress. This relationship was disrupted by feeding adults exogenous antioxidants (glutathione and melatonin), as demonstrated by a simultaneous elevation of survival and reproduction at high temperatures. (3) Parasitoid melanosis-related genes (DDC and AANAT) both participated in the regulation of melatonin synthesis. These results enrich our understanding of the theory of plastic body color differentiation in insects and may provide useful insights for the conservation of parasitoids in tropical regions.
Research on the Upgrading of Household Cultural Consumption Based on Income Distribution Changes
Authors: feng xing
Published: September 2024

China has implemented a new development policy with domestic circulation as the mainstay and has fully tapped into its potential for domestic demand in the consumption link. On this basis, we uses counterfactual thinking to decompose the income distribution transition into three parts: mean, variance and residual. These three parts are introduced into an unconditional quantile model to construct a three-dimensional consumption decomposition framework composed of growth, dispersion and heterogeneity effects. Empirical research has found that the growth, dispersion and heterogeneity effects have obvious non-uniformity and mutation characteristics. Among them, the growth effect has a positive effect, the dispersion effect has a negative effect, and the heterogeneity effect has a positive effect on the medium and low consumption level groups, while it has a negative effect on the medium and high consumption level groups. In addition, there are obvious mutation characteristics at the 0.5, 0.8 and 0.9 quantile points of each effect, and further exploration of the threshold model reveals that there is significant non-linearity in the effect of income on the demand for cultural consumption. At the same time, the influence of dispersion and heterogeneity on the demand for cultural consumption becomes more and more obvious, and the trend of change in resident cultural consumption demand is the result of the combined effect of various effects. It shows that the simple increase of resident income level has reached the bottleneck for the promotion of cultural consumption.
Physical Literacy-Based Intervention for Chronic Disease Management: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Mouton Alexandre , Weerts Jean-Pierre , Carl Johannes
Published: September 2024

Background
As chronic diseases proliferate globally, innovative interventions that promote sustainable physical activity are crucial. Physical literacy - conceptualised as integrating motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, social interaction, and engagement in meaningful activities - offers a holistic strategy for lifelong health promotion. This protocol describes a study investigating the effects of a physical literacy-based intervention on adults with chronic diseases, aiming to enhance long-term physical activity adherence and improve health outcomes.
Methods
This quasi-experimental study will compare three groups: a control group, a group taking part in traditional physical activity (TPA) group sessions tailored for adults with chronic disease focusing on physical fitness general improvement, and a group taking part in TPA sessions that incorporates physical literacy goals and intervention content in line with 6 core dimensions of physical literacy (TPA + PL). Intervention groups will take part in 12 one-and-a-half-hour sessions organised weekly over a 3-month cycle. The study will assess the impact of these interventions using a mixed qualitative and quantitative physical literacy assessment tool at baseline, three months (post-intervention), and six months (follow-up).
Discussion
The study protocol proposes a comprehensive approach to chronic disease management through physical literacy, hypothesising that integrating physical literacy dimensions in tailored physical activity group sessions can significantly improve physical literacy, and consequently physical activity sustainability and health outcomes. Results from this study will provide insights into the efficacy of physical literacy interventions compared to traditional approaches, potentially guiding future public health initiatives and chronic disease management strategies.
Trial registration
NCT06325306 (21/03/2024).
Nonlinear estimation in turbulent channel flows
Authors: Ding Jitong , Illingworth Simon
Published: September 2024

We design a nonlinear estimator for channel flows at $Re_{\tau}=180$ and $590$.The nonlinear estimator uses a linear estimator structure based on the linearised Navier-Stokes equations and explicitly calculates the nonlinear forcing from the estimated velocities in physical space. The goal is to use the velocities at one wall-normal height to estimate the velocities at other wall-normal heights. The estimation performance is compared among the nonlinear estimator, the linear estimator and the linear estimator augmented with eddy viscosity. At $Re_{\tau}=180$, the nonlinear estimator and the linear estimator augmented with eddy viscosity outperform the linear estimator in terms of estimating the velocity magnitudes, structures and energy transfer (production and dissipation) across the channel height.The limitations of using measurement data at one wall-normal height are discussed. At $Re_{\tau}=590$, the nonlinear estimator does not work well with only one measurement plane, whereas the linear estimator augmented with eddy viscosity performs well.The performance of the nonlinear estimator at $Re_{\tau}=590$ is significantly enhanced by providing multiple measurement planes.
The low efficiency of the Fall and early Winter cooling does not balance the overall Sea Surface Temperature warming in the Mediterranean Cilician Basin
Authors: Deliceirmak Cagri , Salihoglu Ilkay
Published: September 2024

The continuous and significant rise of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea over the past three decades is not uniform both in temporal and spatial scales. This study aimed to investigate the temporal evolution of the SST in the Cilician Basin on monthly to decadal scales within two partially overlapping periods (1983–2023 and 1995–2023) by utilising three datasets obtained with different methodologies. “The High-Resolution Daily Optimum Interpolation SST” (OISST V2.1), the fifth generation reanalysis (ERA5) “monthly averaged data on single-level”, and the available in-situ observations (1995–2023) were utilised to compare all datasets and analyse the temporal evolution of the SST in the region. The annual mean SST results of the OISST (0.043 ℃/year) and In-Situ (0.042 ℃/year) datasets were almost identical. In both datasets, the highest warming is recorded in fall, and June is recorded with a decreasing trend. In the ERA5 dataset, the SST is increased by 0.054 ℃/year, and the highest warming is recorded in summer. Continuous and consecutive positive SST anomalies have been observed since 2013. The highest three annual mean SSTs since 1983 were recorded in the last six years, and 2018 was the warmest year in the studied period. On the decadal scale, a cooling of the SST was recorded between 1983 and 1993, and the highest warming occurred in the following decade, between 1993 and 2003. The rise of the In-Situ SST in November and December was drastic, especially in 2017 and 2018. This excessive warming (low-efficient cooling) in the fall/early winter is of particular concern as it may affect the physical/biochemical characteristics of the water column, hence the circulation and coastal ecosystem.
Research on Path Smoothing Optimization based on Improved RRT-Connect Algorithm and third-order Bezier curve
Authors: Zheng Zhu-an , Xie Shuangjian , Ye Zimo , Zheng Xiangyu , Yu Zhiwei
Published: September 2024

Targeting the deficiencies of the original RRT-Connect path planning algorithm in dealing with obstacle avoidance, planning efficiency and path smoothing in static environments, this paper proposes an improved path optimization method that fuses the RRT-Connect path planning algorithm with the Greedy search strategy and adopts the third-order Bezier curve for path smoothing. First, the Greedy strategy is integrated into the path planning process of the original RRT-Connect algorithm to guide the search direction, make the path search goal-oriented, reduce the time of path planning, and improve the efficiency. Second, the generated paths are smoothed with third-order Bezier curves, and the control point selection strategy is used to set reasonable values of sampling variables to reduce the complexity of path smoothing of RRT-Connect algorithm, and to reduce the phenomena such as sharp turns and folding back. Then, the smooth path with continuous curvature is generated to ensure that the intelligent vehicle can perform path tracking. Finally, the algorithm before and after optimization is simulated and analyzed to check the performance of the algorithm and view the effect of path smoothing after optimization. The results show that the global path length of the optimized algorithm is reduced by an average of 14.41% and the path planning time is shortened by an average of 32.78% compared with the original RRT-Connect algorithm in complex environments. The method proposed in this paper is efficient, with short planning paths and smoother generated paths.
Neurocognitive function in pediatric bipolar disorder and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and at risk for bipolar disorder
Authors: Sivri Isranur Yenen , Menderes Ayşe Selma Y. , Can Kazım Cihan , Beğli Seda , Çöp Esra , Taş Demet
Published: September 2024

Objective: Neurocognitive function studies in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder (BPD) and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) are limited, despite substantial literature on their clinical presentation. This study aims to comparatively evaluate the neuropsychological characteristics of children and adolescents diagnosed with BPD, DMDD, and those at risk for bipolar disorder.
Method: We administered the neurocognitive battery to 120 participants aged 8-18 with BPD (n = 30), at-risk for bipolar disorder (n= 25), DMDD (n = 36) and healthy controls (n = 29). The neurocognitive battery included the Continuous Performance Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Stroop Color and Word Test, Trait Making Test A and B, California Verbal Learning Test-Child version.
Results: There were significant impairments in sustained attention, processing speed, cognitive flexibility, response prevention, verbal memory, and working memory in the BPD and DMDD groups, and in sustained attention in the at-risk group compared with controls. Impairments in verbal memory remained in the BPD and DMDD groups after controlling for current IQ score. After excluding ADHD diagnoses, deficits in sustained attention persisted in the at-risk group versus controls.
Conclusion: This study is the first to directly compare the neurocognitive profiles of children and adolescents with DMDD, BPD, and at risk for BD. The study highlights significant neurocognitive impairments within BPD and DMDD. The persistence of sustained attention deficits after excluding ADHD diagnoses suggests that sustained attention may be an endophenotype in the at-risk group.
Partial white mold resistance in a Brazilian-adapted common bean panel
Authors: Silva Givanildo Rodrigues , Gilio Thiago Alexandre Santana , Gonçalves-Vidigal Maria Celeste , Araújo Kelly Lana , Barelli Marco Antonio Aparecido , Souza Lorenna Lopes , Neves Leonarda Grillo , Pastor-Corrales Marcial
Published: September 2024

The pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a fungus that causes white mold (WM) in many crops, and it is one of the greatest phytosanitary problems that compromises the productivity and quality of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). This study aimed to characterize a panel composed of common bean lines (BLs) from Brazilian farmers with WM resistance using two methods/tests under controlled conditions. The “straw test” (ST - Terán et al., 2006) and “seedling straw test” (SST - Arkwazee & Myers, 2017) were used to screen the panel. The disease score (DS) and relative disease progress (RDP) were calculated from consecutive evaluations to obtain the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). In addition, the phenotypic means were used to identify genomic regions associated with the WM reaction using the genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach. In total, fifteen accessions (eleven Mesoamerican and four Andean) were selected showing high to moderate resistance, and three regions were identified on chromosomes Pv01, Pv02 and Pv03, coinciding with previously reported quantitative trait loci (QTLs), additionally, twelve genes were indicated for validation. We identified putative regions and genes contributing to physiological resistance to WM in a well-adapted common bean panel. The regions indicated in this panel that are adapted to the Brazilian climate may be important in common bean breeding programs.
Evaluation of Energy Demand Required to Supply Increased Load from Transition of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Vehicles to Electric Vehicles (EV) by 2052 in the United States.
Authors: Sankhwar Pravin
Published: September 2024

With the rising need to transition from fossil fuel consumption to renewables, the transportation industry is foreseeing large-scale adoption of electric vehicles (EV). From various studies, oil will last until or around 2052 [1] [2]. Utilizing the US Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) published data on number of registered vehicles by each state, an estimated quantity of vehicles by type classified as automobiles, buses, trucks, and motorcycles was obtained. When average mileage of each vehicle was factored in, to project generation required, the need of preparation for future energy generation using renewable energy was presented. A roof-top solar photovoltaic system is easy to install on unoccupied roof space for US house owners. Obtaining the capacity of such roof-top solar PV system acts as a good decision-making criterion for both house owners and developers. How well EV cars performed against internal combustion engine (ICE) cars is another positive indication for this transition. With limitations on battery size and thus increased frequency for drivers to return for charging installation, additional fast chargers (level 3) at existing gasoline stations is an option that requires further assessment.
Effects of yoga on mental health in university students: Protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Lemes Uitairany do Prado , Borges Cezimar Correia , Silva Gusthavo Ribeiro , Chaveiro Neuma
Published: September 2024

Background
College students are more likely to develop symptoms of mental disorders and lose quality of life due to the competitive environment and high demands for performance. The consequences of high levels of stress, symptoms of anxiety, depression and low quality of life during undergraduate studies can lead to increased consumption of psychotropic medications, substance abuse and low academic and professional performance. A growing body of evidence points to non-pharmacological strategies as a possibility to address this problem, and the practice of Yoga is one of the possibilities. Therefore, the objective of this review is to verify the effects of the practice of Yoga on the variables anxiety, perceived stress and quality of life in college students.
Design:
Systematic review and possibility of meta-analysis.
Methods
The study will be conducted by two independent reviewers on the basis of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) rules. Searches will be performed in the PEDro, LILACS, Web of Science, and PUBMED search engines. The searches begin in the second half of 2024, starting in September. Studies published between 2014 and 2024 with an experimental design in English, Spanish, or Portuguese will be included. The methodological quality assessment will be performed via the Revised Tool for Risk of Bias in Randomized Trials (RoB 2 tool). If possible on the basis of the results found, a random-effects meta-analysis by DerSimonian and Laird will be applied to calculate pooled relative risks for binary data and pooled weighted mean differences or standardized mean differences for continuous data.
Discussion
We hope that this review contributes to the discussion and creation of intra-academic actions to promote a healthier and more productive university environment.
Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO, CRD42024506075.
Traditional knowledge on living fences in Andean linear plantations of southwestern Colombia
Authors: Fernández German Marino Rivera , Delgado-Vargas Iván Andrés
Published: September 2024

Linear plantations are a common practice in several countries as living fences, delimiting agroecosystems. They comprise multipurpose perennial woods that provide assets, protection, and supply services. However, not much is known about some traditional communities like the Andean region, including the composition of species and the social and ecological benefits of the species used. This study aimed to analyze the traditional knowledge about living fences systems including the species composition and their uses in rural communities of Alto Casanare, Colombia. Field measurements, interviews, guided tours, and species sampling were carried out to describe traditional practices and forestry species. The use values were estimated through the coefficient of importance of the species. A total of 26 farms were found, covering an area of 9283.3 m. In these systems 30 species were identified, belonging to 23 families. Alnus acuminata was the most representative species, presenting multipurpose uses for both economic and ecological purposes. The transmission of knowledge about the used species is very heterogeneous among the farmers. Exchanging this information would increase the species versatility, and the socioeconomic aspects of these communities, increasing the agrobiodiversity and ecological services provided by living fences. The description of the transmission of knowledge provides a better understanding of the relationship of these communities with the natural resources, pointing out creative approaches to achieve local environment conservation in these agroecosystems and promoting socioeconomic development.
miR-Cabiner: A universal microRNA sensing platform based on self- stacking cascaded bicyclic DNA circuit-mediated CRISPR/Cas12a
Authors: Deng Ruijia , Sheng Jing , Xie Zuowei , Yang Hongzhao , Yang Sha , Xie Shuang , Tang Xiaoqi , Zhao Shuang , Dong Haohao , Chen Ming , Chang Kai
Published: September 2024

Background
CRISPR/Cas12a-based diagnostics enable great potential in the sensing nucleic acid, but its application was limited by the sequence dependence.
Results
A platform termed miR-Cabiner (a universal miRNA sensing platform based on self-stacking cascaded bicyclic DNA circuit-mediated CRISPR/Cas12a) is demonstrated that is sensitive and universal for analyzing miRNAs. This platform combines catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and hybrid chain reaction (HCR) into a unified circuit and finally cascaded to CRISPR/Cas12a. Compared to the CHA-Cas12a and HCR-Cas12a systems, miR-Cabiner exhibits a significantly higher reaction rate. Panels of miRNAs (miR-130a, miR-10b, miR-21, miR-1285), which are associated with diagnosis, staging, and prognosis of breast cancer were designed to demonstrate the universality of miR-Cabine. Four miRNAs can be detected to fm-level by simply tunning the sequence in CHA components. Additionally, miRNA panel analysis also shows high accuracy in practical sample.
Conclusion
This universally applicable platform for detecting miRNA may serve as an excellent tool for clinical diagnosis.
Arduino Ear: A Low-Cost IoT System for Real-Time Environmental Monitoring and Protection
Authors: Barath M.K , sagayaraj R
Published: September 2024

Acoustic sources offer a valuable but underutilized reservoir of environmental data. This paper explores the use of Arduino-based sensors to map noise pollution and monitor ecosystems. The system utilizes an ATmega328P chip, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, and sound sensor to capture and transmit sound data. By analysing variations in sound intensity, the system can detect potential threats like illegal sand mining. The data can be uploaded to cloud platforms for visualization and analysis, enabling authorities to take swift action. This project contributes to creating a sustainable environment by promoting acoustic monitoring and ecosystem protection.
Skyrmion nanodomains in ferroelectric-antiferroelectric solid solutions
Authors: Wen Zheng , Zheng Weijie , Ma Xingyue , Pang Zhentao , Ren Yifeng , Chen Hongying , Xu Jibo , Zheng Chunyan , liu jianyi , Liu Xiaohui , Deng Yu , Nie Yuefeng , Wu Di , Bellaiche L. , Yang Yurong
Published: September 2024

Polar skyrmions have demonstrated rich physics and exotic properties for developing novel functionalities in the next-generation nanoelectronics. However, to date, skyrmion nanodomains exist only in a few material systems, such as ferroelectric/dielectric superlattices, free-stranding PbTiO3/SrTiO3 epitaxial bilayers, and ultrathin Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/SrTiO3/Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 sandwiches. These heterostructures are fabricated with elaborately designed boundary conditions to meet the delicate energy balance for stabilizing the topological phases. This critical requirement limits broad applications of skyrmions in electronic devices. Here, we show widespread skyrmion nanodomains in ferroelectric-antiferroelectric solid solutions, which are composed of ferroelectric PbTiO3 and one of antiferroelectric PbSnO3 [Pb(Ti1-x,Snx)O3], PbHfO3 [Pb(Ti1-x,Hfx)O3], and PbZrO3 [Pb(Ti1-x,Zrx)O3], respectively. The skyrmionic textures are formed by engineering the dipole-dipole and antiferrodistortive-dipole couplings in the competition between ferroelectric and antiferroelectric polar orderings, which allows the stabilization of topological phases in both bulk and film forms. A phase diagram is built for ceramics of the three series of solid solutions, revealing composition-dependent domain configurations and stabilization regions of the skyrmion nanodomains. In addition, the non-trivial domains also exhibit improved switching characters, reversible writing/erasure, and long-term retention for electrical manipulation of polar configurations. These findings open a new avenue for the investigation and exploitation of polar skyrmions in ferroelectric-based materials, providing opportunities in topological electronics.
Electrifying Industrial Hydrogen Peroxide Production via Interfacial Molecular Mediation
Authors: Aziz Michael , Xi Dawei , Wu Yuheng , Li Yuli , Liu Richard
Published: September 2024

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is predominantly produced via the centralized thermocatalytic hydrogenation-anthraquinone oxidation (t-AO) process, a conventional nonaqueous method. Electrifying such nonaqueous processes with improved selectivity remains a significant challenge. Here, we present a multi-phase electrochemical anthraquinone autoxidation (e-AO) system that leverages an interfacial hydrogen atom transfer reaction facilitated by a heterogeneous molecular catalytic process. This design enables aqueous electrochemical reactions with over 97% efficiency at high current densities (> 200 mA cm−2), using only carbon electrodes. The aqueous-nonaqueous interfacial hydrogen atom transfer, operating with nearly 100% selectivity through a quinhydrone intermediate, eliminates waste caused by over-reduction of anthraquinones in conventional t-AO processes. Our approach combines the benefits of aqueous electrochemistry with those of the traditional t-AO process while addressing issues like unwanted electrolyte migration in aqueous systems and anthraquinone over-reduction in t-AO. This strategy enables the continuous production of low-cost, high-purity H2O2 solutions (> 10 wt.%) and promotes the electrification and decentralization of nonaqueous chemical processes.
Outbreaks, Metastases and Homomorphisms: Phylogenetic Inference of Migration Histories of Heterogeneous Populations under Evolutionary and Structural Constraints
Authors: Kuzmin Kiril , Schmidt Henri , Snir Sagi , Raphael Benjamin , Skums Pavel
Published: September 2024

Many human diseases, including viral infections and cancers, are driven by the evolutionary dynamics of heterogeneous populations of genomic variants. A major type of evolutionary behavior of these populations is migration including viral transmissions and cancer metastatic spread. A common strategy for migration pathways reconstruction involves constructing a phylogenetic tree of observed genotypes and inferring its ancestral states corresponding to migration sites. Key challenges here include determining the conditions when a phylogenetic tree topology reflects the underlying migration tree structure, and balancing computational tractability, flexibility, and biological realism of inference algorithms and models.

In this study, we address these challenges using the powerful machinery of graph homomorphisms, a mathematical concept that describes how one graph can be mapped onto another while preserving its structure. We investigate how structural constraints on migration patterns and migration tree topologies influence the relationship between phylogenies and migration trees, characterize trees compatible with a given phylogeny and propose a series of algorithms to assess whether given phylogenetic and migration trees are compatible under various migration scenarios.

Leveraging our findings, we present a framework for inferring migration trees by sampling potential trees from a prior random tree distribution and identifying a subsample compatible with a given phylogeny. By varying prior tree distributions, this approach expands upon several existing models, offering a versatile strategy applicable to a variety of biological processes. We validate our methodology using simulated datasets and real data from studies of viral outbreaks and cancer metastasis, demonstrating its effectiveness across different contexts.