bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Selection of Euler deconvolution solutions using the enhanced horizontal gradient and stable vertical differentiation
Authors: Pham Luan Thanh , Oliveira Saulo Pomponet , Abdelrahman Kamal , Gomez-Ortiz David , Nguyen Dat Viet , Vo Quynh Thanh , Eldosouky Ahmed M.
Published: May 2024

Euler deconvolution is widely used for interpreting magnetic anomalies as it estimates the edges and depths of magnetic sources. Since this method was proposed, there has been an intensive effort to mitigate its primary deficiencies, namely, the generation of many spurious solutions and the high noise sensitivity. To select the most significant solutions, we adopt the strategy of constraining the moving window to the source edges, whose locations are estimated using the enhanced horizontal gradient amplitude method. On the other hand, we reduce noise propagation by performing a stable calculation of the vertical derivatives. For this purpose, we use the β-VDR method, a finite-difference method that yields a robust approximation of the vertical derivatives of magnetic data. The accuracy of the proposed technique is demonstrated on synthetic magnetic anomalies, providing the depths more precisely and being insensitive to noise. Application of this technique is also demonstrated on aeromagnetic anomalies from the Olympic Peninsula (USA), where the obtained result is in good agreement with known information of the study region.
Evaluating fetal tricuspid and mitral annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE and MAPSE) using spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) M-mode
Authors: Avnet Hagai , Thomas Samantha , Erenbourg Anna , Yagel Simcha , Welsh Alec
Published: May 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and reliability of tricuspid and mitral annular plane systolic excursion measurements (TAPSE and MAPSE) applying M-mode spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) technology in low-risk pregnancies.

Methods

An initial retrospective pilot study was carried out to assess repeatability, followed by a larger mixed cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal study, both evaluating low-risk singleton pregnancies between 22+6 and 39+1 weeks. As only annuli capture was necessary, STIC acquisition parameters were set to the minimum volume angle of 15° and acquisition time of 7.5 s.

Results

A total of 330 volumes were analysed offline applying STIC M-mode. Acquisition rates were 96.9 % for TAPSE and 93.7 % MAPSE in the pilot study (n=32) and 98.0 % for both in the longitudinal study (n=102). Both study designs revealed good repeatability for both sides of the heart, with higher intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for TAPSE (0.84–0.94) compared to MAPSE (0.80–0.88). Good repeatability was demonstrated for both sides of the heart, more so for TAPSE than MAPSE, with ICCs for TAPSE 0.84–0.91 and MAPSE 0.75–0.76, comparable to prior ICCs for STIC repeatability.

Conclusions

Modified STIC acquisition settings specifically tailored for capturing the longitudinal annular displacement may improve STIC TAPSE and MAPSE acquisition rates, optimising image quality for precise measurement and potentially bringing these modalities closer to clinical application.
Agricultural Information Needs and Resources of Smallholder Sugarcane Farmers in Swaziland
Authors: Dlamini Nkosinathi M. , Ngulube Patrick
Published: May 2024

The sugar industry is the dominant agricultural sector in Swaziland’s economy, contributing significantly to the gross domestic product. Provision of relevant and timely information to smallholder sugarcane farmers is crucial for them to have a competitive footing with large-scale counterparts and reduce poverty. However, there is limited literature on the information needs and the kind of information communication resources that could make the dissemination of information to farmers efficient and effective. This study thus aims to investigate the information needs and resources of smallholder sugarcane farmers in Swaziland to inform the provision of information services in the sugar industry. It was underpinned by a positivist paradigm and used the survey research method complemented by methodological triangulation to collect quantitative and qualitative data. Data was collected using survey questionnaires and face-to-face interviews, with 168 responses and six interviews conducted. The findings revealed that 71 % of information needs of farmers were primarily in legislative compliance, sugarcane crop husbandry, markets and transport, and financial advice information, however, there were no statistically significant differences between the three mill groups in information needs. The smallholder sugarcane farmers also mostly obtained agricultural information through extension officers, farmer groups, and mobile phones, indicating that required information was mainly accessed through face-to-face interactions. The empirical findings of the study have implications for practice, policy, and theory with respect to guiding the implementation of agricultural information services by information providers in the context of rural farmers in developing countries.
Construction of Intellectual Property Literacy Education Mode in University Libraries
Authors: Lei Qin , Tian Yajuan
Published: May 2024

The importance and urgency of IPLE (intellectual property literacy education) are increasingly prominent. This paper aims to build an IPLE mode to provide support for the talent cultivation in university libraries facing opportunities and challenges in the service transformation period. The IPLE mode and content of the Regional Patent Information Centers (PIZ Regional Centers) in German universities and university libraries are studied through network research, literature research, and comparative analysis. Based on the practical experience, educational characteristics and advantages, this paper constructs an IPLE mode of university library that includes six modules. Building the IPLE mode of university libraries can provide reference for university libraries in the work of IPLE, and gradually form an IPLE system that meets the needs of users’ training, conforms to the university’s talent training objectives, and improves the development plan of the university libraries.
Diversified Reward-Risk Parity in Portfolio Construction
Authors: Choi Jaehyung , Kim Hyangju , Kim Young Shin
Published: May 2024

We introduce diversified risk parity embedded with various reward-risk measures and more generic allocation rules for portfolio construction. We empirically test the proposed reward-risk parity strategies and compare their performance with an equally-weighted risk portfolio in various asset universes. The reward-risk parity strategies we tested exhibit consistent outperformance evidenced by higher average returns, Sharpe ratios, and Calmar ratios. The alternative allocations also reflect less downside risks in Value-at-Risk, conditional Value-at-Risk, and maximum drawdown. In addition to the enhanced performance and reward-risk profile, transaction costs can be reduced by lowering turnover rates. The diversified reward-risk parity allocations gain superior performance in the Carhart four-factor analysis.
A Retrospective Analysis of Career Outcomes in Neuroscience
Authors: Ullrich Lauren E. , Ogawa John R. , Jones-London Michelle D.
Published: May 2024

What factors are associated with career outcomes among biomedical PhDs? Research to date has focused on drivers of interest in (and intention to pursue) various careers, especially during graduate school, but fewer studies have investigated participants’ ultimate career outcomes. Even less is known about what factors matter for groups historically underrepresented in the US science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce, such as women, some racial and ethnic groups, and persons with disabilities ( National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES), 2021a). This study reports a new analysis of data from 781 PhD neuroscientists that were obtained from a retrospective survey ( Ullrich et al., 2021) to investigate the factors that influence the career sector in which neuroscience PhDs are employed and whether there were group differences according to social identity. We find evidence of academia as a “default path” for incoming PhD students, but interest in different careers increases over time. Those who remained in academia had greater acceptance of the structural aspects of academic careers, such as promotion and tenure processes, and greater faculty support during postdoctoral training. Conversely, prioritizing monetary compensation and/or varied work were associated with not being in academia, while a strong interest in research was positively associated with being in nonacademic research. Somewhat surprisingly, there were few interactions with gender, and no interactions with underrepresentation status, although perhaps this was due to lower statistical power for these analyses. Our findings also underscore the role of advisors, networking, and personal relationships in securing employment in STEM.
Nietzsche de Agamben e sua crítica à política como fisiologia
Authors: Junges Marcia Rosane , Bartolomé Ruiz Castor Mari Martín
Published: May 2024

Neste artigo, analisamos algumas das peculiaridades da leitura que Agamben faz de Nietzsche, isto é, o uso que faz das ideias do pensador alemão para constituir a sua própria filosofia política. Assim, refletimos acerca do tensionamento e da polifonia entre a vontade de potência em sua configuração fisiopsicológica, e a grande política a partir da transvaloração dos valores. Indicamos essa tensão e polifonia tendo em vista o outro tipo de potência ao qual Agamben se inscreve, a aristotélica, para pensarmos sobre as aberturas políticas que se descortinam a partir da crítica nietzschiana à política e à democracia liberal. Convém atentar ao argumento de Piazzesi de que a vontade de potência sintetiza os âmbitos mecanicista e valorativo que, em relação agonística, explicam a vontade de potência. O projeto Homo sacer começa e termina com uma crítica à biopolítica que Agamben compreende como sendo aquela nietzschiana. Esse é um tensionamento entre a concretização da transvaloração dos valores como possibilidade de superar o niilismo e criar o lastro para a grande política, pois insere no campo da fisiologia uma questão política, do paradigma da autonomia.Nietzsche e Agamben, com suas concepções divergentes de potência, apontam as possibilidades da política e os limites da democracia liberal.
What patient positioning in chest X-ray is still acceptable? – An empirical study on thresholding quality metrics
Authors: von Berg Jens , Hergaarden Kenneth F. M. , Englmaier Max , Pfeiffer Daniela , Wieberneit Nataly , Krönke-Hille Sven , Harder Tim , Gooßen André , Bystrov Daniel , Brueck Matthias , Young Stewart , Lamb Hildo J.
Published: May 2024

Background and Aim

Issues in patient positioning during chest X-ray (CXR) acquisition impair diagnostic quality and potentially increase radiation dose. Automated quality assessment was proposed to address this. Our objective is to determine thresholds on some quality control metrics following international guidelines, that represent expert knowledge and can be applied in a comprehensible and explainable AI approach for such an automatic quality assessment.

Materials and Methods

An AI-method estimating collimation distance to the ribcage, balancing between both clavicle heads, and number of ribs above the diaphragm as metrics for collimation, rotation, and inhalation quality was applied on 64,315 posteroanterior CXR images from a public dataset (ChestX-ray8). From this set 920 CXR images were sampled and manually annotated to gain additional trusted reference metrics. Seven readers from different institutions then classified the acquisition quality of these images independently into okay, inadequate, or unacceptable following the criteria of international guidelines. Optimal thresholds on the metrics were determined to reproduce these classes using the metrics only.

Results

A fair to moderate agreement between the experts was found. When disregarding all inadequate rates a classification on the metrics was able to separate okay rated cases from unacceptable cases for collimation (AUC 0.97), rotation (AUC = 0.93) and inhalation (AUC = 0.97).

Conclusion

Suitable thresholds were determined to reproduce expert opinions in the assessment of the most important quality criteria in CXR acquisition. These thresholds were finally applied on the AI-method's estimates to automatically classify image acquisition quality comprehensibly and according to the guidelines.
‘I don’t want sad stories’: Family storytelling with young children in refugee resettlement communities
Authors: Wang X. Christine , Strekalova-Hughes Ekaterina
Published: May 2024

Foregrounding the agency and voices of families who sought refuge in the United States, we investigated their storytelling by asking: What kinds of stories do parents/guardians choose to share? And what are the purposes of their storytelling? Assisted by interpreters, we worked with nine families with children aged from five to eight years, who had come from Nepal, Somalia and South Sudan, observing their storytelling and conducting interviews. The storytelling and interview sessions were video-recorded and translated/transcribed. Adapting Yosso’s Community Cultural Wealth (CCW) framework, we employed emergent coding and constant comparative analysis to identify themes of stories and purposes for storytelling. Our findings revealed two important patterns. First, the families focused on traditional stories with explicit moral lessons and these stories illustrated six forms of CCW: familial, navigational, social, aspirational, resistant and linguistic capital. Conspicuously, stories of forced displacement over-represented in literature were missing. Second, the storytelling was intended for their children to learn moral lessons, maintain home cultural heritage and language, and have fun. They also expressed the desire to share their stories in schools. Our study highlights the efforts of families who experienced forced displacement to counter dominant narratives of trauma and deficit. Based on the findings, we discuss how schools and society can leverage the CCW of communities to support their children’s learning and development.
Hernández Sánchez, Gustavo, Anatomía del Barroco hispánico: historia de una idea, Madrid, Dykinson, 2023, 168p. ISBN: 978-84-1170-480-9. 16,15€
Authors: Gómez-Fernández Daniel
Published: May 2024

Book Review
Alcalde, Ángel, Excombatientes y fascismo en la Europa de entreguerras, Valencia, Publicacions de la Universitat de València, 2022, 331p. ISBN: 978-84-9134-927-3. 23,50€
Authors: Caspistegui Francisco-Javier
Published: May 2024

Book Review
Health-promoting Properties Infusions of Hibiscus Flowers and Selected Berry Fruit Processing By-products
Authors: Błaszczyk Alfred , Sady Sylwia , Płaczek Zuzanna , Kawałek Patrycja , Dłużniewska Nikola , Pakuła Karolina , Konopelski Adam
Published: May 2024

Aim: This study aimed to compare the health-promoting properties of hibiscus flowers infusions with pomace infusions from black chokeberry, blackcurrant, raspberry and strawberry. Methodology: Five types of fruit pomace infusions were selected as the research material: hibiscus flowers infusion and infusions from black chokeberry, blackcurrant, raspberry and strawberry pomace. The total polyphenol content, antioxidant activity and colour parameters were determined. Results: The highest content of phenolic compounds was found in hibiscus flowers infusion (453.25 mg GAE/L of infusion). Hibiscus flowers infusion also showed the highest antioxidant activity measured by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP tests. Among the tested infusions from selected berry fruit by-products, the infusion from chokeberry pomace was characterised by a high content of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The lowest total phenol content and antioxidant activity were found in the strawberry pomace infusion. Implications and recommendations: Despite their popularity and variety of flavours, commercial fruit teas that use fruit by-products need to be standardised in terms of their health-promoting content. This means that there is no uniform, controlled standard that specifies the amount of specific beneficial health-promoting ingredients in each package of fruit tea. The authors’ future research related to hibiscus flowers and berry pomace will focus on the influence of organoleptic characteristics on biological activity and the standardisation of the developed tea prototypes in terms of the content of health-promoting substances. Originality/value: According to the research, hibiscus flowers infusion has the highest antioxidant and colouring properties. Chokeberry pomace infusion showed antioxidant properties comparable to hibiscus flowers infusion. Consequently, the health-promoting properties and low cost of fruit processing by-products may contribute to their broader use in the tea industry.
THE IMPACT OF WAR ON THE INSURANCE MARKET OF UKRAINE: ANALYSIS OF OBSTACLES AND RESTRUCTURING OF THE FINANCIAL LANDSCAPE
Authors: DOBRYK Liliia , ABRAMOV Mykyta , RIABININ Ihor
Published: May 2024

The purpose is to carefully study and systematize the impact of the military conflict on the insurance market of Ukraine and provide practical recommendations for overcoming the challenges arising in this context. Method. The study is based on the use of statistical data to assess changes in the economy and the insurance sector during martial law, a detailed analysis of specific cases of insurance companies and regions that were affected by armed aggression. Theoretical and empirical methods, as well as economic and statistical methods of research, comparative analysis, strategic management, systematic approach and analysis were used in the process of research. The results. This study presents the influence of the state of war on the structure and dynamics of the insurance market in Ukraine, analyzes the opportunities of insurance companies, losses and risks associated with insurance in conditions of instability. A decrease in the number of registered insurance companies and companies providing life insurance services was determined, a decrease in the rates of gross insurance premiums and gross insurance payouts was recorded while maintaining positive dynamics, and it was noted that the majority of insurance premiums remain at the disposal of insurers. Restructuring and adaptation strategies for insurance companies are proposed in order to ensure their viability during the war and post-victory recovery period. Scientific novelty.This study can serve as a valuable contribution to the understanding of the relationship between the war situation and the insurance market, and also indicates possible ways for further development and reform of the insurance industry in accordance with the European integration of Ukraine. Practical significance. The dynamics of the main indicators of the insurance market in recent years are singled out, and the highlighting of obvious trends, which in the future can be used as a characteristic of this period of existence of the insurance industry.
STRATEGIC GUIDELINES AND THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL FOR RESTORATION OF THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE CONDITIONS OF BANI WORLD AND INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors: ZACHOSOVA Nataliia
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the study was to determine strategic guidelines and specify the role of human capital for restoring the financial and economic security of critical infrastructure in the conditions of BANI World and Industry 4.0. Method. In the research process, such methods were used as content analysis of scientific sources and literature, generalization, systematization and addition of the work of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of clarifying the role of human capital in the restoration of economic systems, as well as in establishing the influence of trends in the modern world on the quality of human capital and on its ability to positively influence the development of Ukraine's economy and the restoration of the financial and economic security of its critical infrastructure in the post-war period. A graphic method of visualization of individual provisions, assumptions and conclusions obtained in the research process is used. The results. It has been established that the financial and economic security of critical infrastructure facilities is an important economic characteristic of national security. A high level of financial and economic security of strategically important enterprises means their ability to withstand economic risks, to be independent of external financing, to carry out effective financial and economic activity even in a situation of significant resource limitations, which will certainly be characteristic of the post-war economy. Although European partners and the whole world promise Ukraine financial support in the process of its recovery after the war, critical infrastructure enterprises in the economic plane must be characterized by a high level of functional independence, and therefore, the problem of their financial and economic security must be solved at the levels of top management and the state without the involvement of third parties or organizations. The vectors of influence of Industry 4.0 and the world of BANI on the critical infrastructure of the state are summarized. The role of human capital in restoring the financial and economic security of critical infrastructure objects is outlined. Scientific novelty. Strategic guidelines for restoring the financial and economic security of critical infrastructure in the conditions of BANI World and Industry 4.0 are proposed. Practical significance. The proposals presented in the study can serve as a supplement to the state policy of post-war recovery and development of the economy of Ukraine in terms of managing its critical infrastructure and can be used by critical infrastructure objects when developing their own financial and economic security management strategies.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES INTELLECTUALIZATION AND DIGITALIZATION DEVELOPMENT
Authors: OSTROVSKA H. , OSTROVSKYY O.
Published: May 2024

Objective. The purpose of the research is to deepen the methodological and applied foundations of knowledge management in the conditions of industrial enterprises intellectualization and digitalization development. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research article is a set of theories and concepts that contribute to a full understanding of the knowledge management process of the content at an enterprise in the context of intellectualization and digitalization: theories of knowledge economy, entrepreneurship, institutionalism, microeconomic theory of knowledge management, theory of new knowledge acquisition; the concept of information society; the concept of intellectual capital; the concept of social capital. The methodology is based on system analysis as a scientific method of researching the enterprise knowledge management functions. The study used quantitative and qualitative methods of data and information collection and analysis; methods of analytical, situational analysis and synthesis; comparative analysis, generalization of scientific experience of modern theoretical research, and a systemic and integrated approach. Results. The article outlines the important role of knowledge management in creating competitive advantages, increasing the value of enterprises and ensuring their long-term sustainable development. A new understanding of the essence of the categories of “knowledge management of an industrial enterprise” and “knowledge management system of an industrial enterprise” has been proposed. A theoretical generalization of the concept of knowledge management of industrial enterprises has been carried out. The article describes new trends in the knowledge management system based on the synergistic relationship between technological components and behavioral aspects in management. The scientific novelty lies in improving the methodology and concept of an integrated knowledge management system and methodological support for its effective practical application. The implementation of the knowledge management system in the conditions of intellectualization and digitalization is substantiated, which improves knowledge accumulation processes, integrates knowledge into the field of the enterprise activity and ensures the exchange of knowledge between employees and key stakeholders. Modern knowledge management tools that enable intellectualization and high-quality digitalization of an enterprise are identified. Recommendations for improving knowledge management at industrial enterprises have been developed, as well as mechanisms for their practical implementation have been proposed. Practical significance of the obtained results. The author’s developments and recommendations can be used to effectively use the intellectual potential of an enterprises to increase economic added value through the growth of organizational knowledge.
INTELLIGENCE AS A FACTOR FOR PREVENTING AGGRESSIVE MANIFESTATIONS OF SOCIETY OR HUMANITARIAN STEPS TO THE THIRD WORLD...
Authors: ANDRUSHKIV B. M. , GOLOVKOVA L. S. , KYRYCH N. B. , POHAJDAK O. B. , BOIKO O. B. , HAHALIUK O. I. , BOYARCHUK N. A. , HANNOUF K.
Published: May 2024

Goal. The article reveals the process of transformation of interneighborly relations in the conditions of the organization of wartime and postwar Ukrainian society, periodic changes in the scientific paradigms of their development. The role and place in these transformations of various forms of social activity, including and scientific. The influence of science on the formation of social consciousness is studied, taking into account both the action of objective and aggressive factors. The considered processes and management methods are determined by the post-Soviet traditions of volunteer lobbying of the interests of certain political groups, industries, regionalists, in a word, interested parties. The analysis of aggressive motives, which are guided by the subjects of scientific interaction, depending on the level of their mastery of the subject of research, important resources, etc., was carried out. Results. According to the results of the study of public opinion and the available publications, the vectors of the development of the intellectual potential of the modern paradigm of the development of Ukrainian science, and as a derivative of artificial intelligence (AI), the imitation of activities useful for society, the stimulation of artificial needs, which is accompanied, in wartime conditions, by the exponential growth of crisis phenomena, have been identified in a number of important for society spheres of its life activity. Proposals have been made to determine directions for improving the management of these processes. Scientific novelty. The expediency of forming an organizational model of the absurdity of the occurrence of wars in human society is substantiated. The destructive, for modern civilization, content of neglecting the development of highly moral, humanistic scientific traditions based on the principles of truth, objectivity, historicism, scientific substantiation and reorientation not only on material goods, but on the development of national memory and the cultural potential of people is revealed. The necessity of changing the paradigm of development, national and scientific traditions formed in the post-totalitarian period and reorienting them to the anticipatory development of measures to prevent aggression, using not only AI, but also productive cultural and humanitarian potential for this has been established. The practical significance of the creative idea lies in the practical possibilities of using the proposed developments and proposals in the field of public administration in the war and post-war period. Excessive accumulation of wealth, which tends to be concentrated in a narrow circle of oligarchs - subjects of economic activity, giving rise to monopolistic tendencies in the conditions of a globalized economy, directed to meeting the needs of the people, can ensure peace and stability both in societies and in the world as a whole.
Реалізація принципу заступництва в міжнародному гуманітарному праві. Особи, що потребують заступництва під час збройних конфліктів
Authors:   Білоцерківський національний аграрний університет, Сокиринська Оксана , Ковальчук Інна ,   Білоцерківський національний аграрний університет
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the issue of topical issues of implementation and guarantee of the principle of protection of international humanitarian law. Advocacy is seen as protection not from the inevitable violence of war as such, but from arbitrariness caused by one warring party against persons belonging to the other warring party who came under the rule of the former during the war. One of the most important principles of international humanitarian law is that all persons who fall into the power of the enemy have the right to be treated humanely, regardless of their status and previous function or activity. International humanitarian law explicitly authorizes the parties to a conflict to take such control or security measures against persons under their control as may be necessary due to war. The right to protection is absolute and applies not only to persons deprived of their liberty, but also, more broadly, to the inhabitants of the territory under the control of the enemy. For example, the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, we can observe partial or complete disregard for the principle of patronage. If there are problems with the implementation and guarantee of the principles of international humanitarian law, states decide on their interpretation, primarily by international courts (these are special international criminal tribunals organized in connection with specific conflicts, the International Criminal Court and, of course, the International Court of Justice). UN) and tribunals, full-fledged decision-making on cases related to violations of international regulations.
Об’єкти цифрових технологій та їхнє правове регулювання
Authors:   Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна, Мічурін Євген
Published: May 2024

Problem statement. With the further development of digital technologies, their introduction into public life will deepen. The process of implementing digital technologies in law is currently underway. Depending on the subject and method of its legal regulation, the law includes the specified social relations in the sphere of the corresponding legal regulation. Due to the novelty of relationships with digital objects, their wired regulation is under development. Currently, the scientific problem is the classification of digital objects. The legal nature of these objects needs to be clarified. The aim of the work is to identify trends in the legal regulation of digital technology. The tasks are: to find out the directions of development of legal doctrine on objects of digital technologies; to determine the directions and essence of legal regulation of digital technology objects (in particular, in private law). Research methods. The formal-logical method is used in the study of theories to determine the lens of digital technology. The dialectical method is used to define the lens of digital technology in the legal system: private law, public law. The system-structural method allowed to study the objects of digital technologies in the system of private law. The logic of the study is built from general ideas about the objects of digital technology in law to the individual features of such objects in private law. Results. It was found that there are the following approaches to the study of digital technologies: technocratic, complex law, special law. The special legal approach has the following directions: public law, private law and research of digital technologies as an object of intellectual property law. The peculiarities of legal terminology are analyzed, namely: „virtual assets”, „virtual goods”, „digital things”, „digital technology objects”. The word „virtual asset” is inherent in economic terminology. In private law, it is more correct to use the concept of „virtual good”. The concept of absolute rights is studied. Conclusions. The possibility of applying the concept of property rights to the legal regulation of digital technologies has been proved. Features of digital technology ownership have been identified. It is proposed to consider the de facto owner of a digital technology object as a person who has access rights to it. This access is through authentication and verification. That is, entering the login and password of the appropriate user. The application of classifications of contracts in civil law to digital technology objects is analyzed. In particular, for legal purposes: agreements on the transfer of ownership, rights of use, provision of services, performance of works. It has been found that these classifications can be applied to them, taking into account the characteristics of digital technology objects.
Удосконалення охорони промислових зразків в умовах реформування національного законодавства
Authors:   Дніпропетровський державний університет внутрішніх справ, Василівна Ярошевська Тамара
Published: May 2024

In conditions of construction and functioning of innovative model of economy, of a necessity of creation and introduction of new technics and advanced technologies in manufacture the right to results of scientific and technical creativity acquires importance. The vast majority of scientific works of authors devoted to an analysis of the legal protection of industrial property, concerns only certain aspects of problematic issues of legal regulation of relations arising in the protection of industrial designs in the conditions of European integration of Ukraine. Therefore, there is a need for theoretical research on issues related to the improvement of Ukrainian legislation in this area to the legislation of the European Union. The article considers the problems of bringing the institute of industrial designs of Ukraine in line with the legislation of the European Union. The ways of improvement of the legislation of Ukraine in the field of protection of the rights to industrial designs to the European norms are offered. The concept of „industrial design” in the relevant national legislation has been improved. Emphasis is placed on the expediency of expanding the range of products, an appearance of which may receive legal protection in Ukraine as industrial designs. It is proposed to harmonize the relevant national legislation with the Civil Code of Ukraine on the validity of intellectual property rights to registered and unregistered industrial designs. It is concluded that Ukraine’s aspiration for European integration presupposes taking into account the positive experience of the relevant legislation of the European Union member states. Since measures aimed at introducing effective mechanisms for the protection of rights to industrial property objects are determined by the course of Ukraine’s accession to the European Union, therefore they are determined by the need to comply with European norms for such protection. However, it is emphasized that it is important not just to copy certain approaches to the protection of industrial property rights, which are enshrined in European Union law, but a systematic scientific approach to internal coherence and consideration of all elements of positive national law. The strength of scientific and technical, economic and legal development of Ukraine and the formation of an effective innovative model of the national economy depends on this.
До питання про природу освітнього права
Authors:   Одеський державний університет внутрішніх справ, Янчук Наталія
Published: May 2024

The paper focuses on the legal nature of educational law. The current trend is an increase in the arithmetic progression of the quantity of brunches of the legislation. However, an increase in the branches of the legislation does not automatically lead to an increase in the branches of law. And if a certain branch of law always corresponds to a branch of legislation, then a branch of legislation does not always reflect a certain branch of law. This is quite justified in relation to educational law. Despite the fact that the term “educational law” is recognized as well-established, the issue of the status of educational law remains controversial. The paper emphasizes that the transformation of views on the relative nature of educational law has come a long way from complete rejection of educational law, when it was considered only a sub-branch of administrative law to attempts to justify educational law as an independent branch of law. It is carried out analysis of different approaches for determining the legal nature of educational law, namely: as a sub-branch of administrative law, as a complex branch of law, as a legal array, as an independent area of research, as a discipline, as a special part of information law. The author pays special attention to highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of representatives of various fields in justifying the status of educational law. Attention is drawn to the fact that none of the supporters of the separation of educational law as an independent branch of law has proved and shown why the issue of legal regulation of educational relations should be considered outside of administrative law. It is emphasized the need to include in the curriculum a separate course “Educational Law” in the pedagogical sector of education and postgraduate studies. This is not about the formation of a unified approach to the teaching of discipline “Educational Law”. The subject and system of the discipline should be determined by the target audience, as well as current trends in education.
Забезпечувальні речові права: юридична природа, функції, види
Authors:   Міжнародний економіко-гуманітарний університет імені академіка Степана Дем’янчука, м. Рівне, Ільків Олег
Published: May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of security proprietary rights to ensure the fulfillment of engagements. The institute of security rights, its regulation under the current legislation of Ukraine and individual countries is analyzed. The legal nature and specific features are determined, the functional load of the methods of ensuring the fulfillment of engagements is clarified and the characteristics of the engagement-legal and real-legal types of security are characterized. Material security encumbrances on the debtor’s property rights, resulting in the „right of succession”, which is to accompany the encumbrance on the thing in the event of its transfer to other owners. The elements of the binding legal relationship are described. Civil turnover requires an effective system of precautionary measures of both binding and substantive nature, due to the need for legal remedies aimed at the proper performance of the parties to their contractual engagements. Along with the engagements, an important place is occupied by the material types of securing contractual engagements, where their main purpose is to give the creditor confidence in the satisfaction of their property interests in case of non-performance or improper performance of engagement by the counterparty. The grounds for the right of the creditor to satisfy property claims on the subject of material security are investigated. A pledge or mortgage may arise on the basis of a contract, law or court decision. The creditor’s claims on the mortgaged property can be satisfied in several ways: foreclosure on the mortgaged property through its sale or transfer of ownership of the mortgaged property in case of default by the debtor of the engagement secured by the pledge. The right of retention is considered, which is realized through the incentive of the debtor to fulfill the engagement by lawful possession of the thing by the creditor until the proper performance of the engagement by the debtor. The right of retention as a form of ensuring the proper performance of an engagement is included in the provisions governing the performance of certain contracts, including contract type, provision of services, commissions, etc. Security rights arise before the breach of the engagement and depend on the proper performance of the contractual engagement. The collateral gives the creditor the right to receive property satisfaction from the subject of collateral in case of non-performance of the engagement due to the debtor’s fault. The analysis and brief description of the types of security property rights is carried out. Theoretical conclusions on the researched questions directed on improvement of regulation of the security rights in the civil legislation of Ukraine are formulated.
Стягнення коштів на рахунках боржника в банківських установах на виконання судових рішень у цивільних справах
Authors:   Національний університет «Одеська юридична академія», Горбенко Микита
Published: May 2024

The article considers some legal problems faced by public and private executor when applying for the funds on the accounts of the debtor in banking institutions, in the execution of court decisions in civil cases. It is also not unimportant to determine the enforcement action, which consists in foreclosing funds on the debtor’s accounts in banking institutions as a primary and effective measure performed by the executor when opening enforcement proceedings, which contributes to an increase in the level of execution of court decisions in civil cases. The main problems that arise when applying for recovery on the funds on the accounts of the debtor are given in this article. Legislative changes considered that have had an impact on the improvement of the arrest system of funds of the debtor. The role of such an enforcement action as recourse to sanctions is defined to the funds on the accounts of the debtor in banking institutions in the execution of judicial proceedings in civil cases. Identifies shortcomings and points the way to improve the automated seizure of debtors’ funds in bank accounts. The content of the application for recovery of funds has been disclosed in the accounts of the debtor in banking institutions. The classification of such an executive action is proposed as an application for recovery of money on accounts of the debtor in banking institutions. Proposals for further development are formulated in automatic seizure of debtors’ funds in bank accounts. Disputed court practice on account security to which wages are credited is presented. Court practice on recovery of funds in the accounts of the debtor in banking institutions in the execution of civil judgements analyzed. Based on the examples of established practical activities the executors are modelled problem situations for private and public executors recovery on funds in accounts of the debtor in banking institutions during the execution court decisions in civil trials. Ideas on improvement of banking legislation presented in the field of forcible to cancel the debt debtors’ funds. Direction of development of the executive production to increase the level of efficiency execution of actions aimed at recovery of funds in the accounts of the debtor in banking institutions in the execution of civil judgements.
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF THE INFORMATION GAIN IN INFINITE-DIMENSIONAL BAYESIAN LINEAR INVERSE PROBLEMS
Authors: Chowdhary Abhijit , Tong Shanyin , Stadler Georg , Alexanderian Alen
Published: May 2024

We study the sensitivity of infinite-dimensional Bayesian linear inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) with respect to modeling uncertainties. In particular, we consider derivative-based sensitivity analysis of the information gain as measured by the Kullback-Leibler divergence from the posterior to the prior distribution. To facilitate this we develop a fast and accurate method for computing derivatives of the information gain with respect to auxiliary model parameters. Our approach combines low-rank approximations, adjoint-based eigenvalue sensitivity
analysis, and postoptimal sensitivity analysis. The proposed approach also paves the way for global sensitivity
analysis by computing derivative-based global sensitivity measures. We illustrate different aspects of the proposed
approach using an inverse problem governed by a scalar linear elliptic PDE, and an inverse problem governed by
the three-dimensional equations of linear elasticity, which is motivated by the inversion of the fault-slip field after an earthquake.
Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment on the Bond Strength of Glass Fiber Posts
Authors: Kaban Elif Şeyma , Özdemir Gizem Dilara , İlgenli Ilgın , Ercan Utku Kürşat
Published: May 2024

This study assesses the impact of air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on the push-out bond strength of glass fiber posts (GFPs) compared to silane and hydrofluoric (HF) treatments. The surfaces of GFPs were subjected to silane, HF, and CAP treatments, and the effects of these treatments were evaluated using contact angle measurements. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize the effects of silane, HF, and CAP treatments on the GFP surfaces. GFPs treated with various surface treatments were then placed in post spaces within root canals, and push-out bond strength was measured at the cervical, middle, and apical regions of the root canal. CAP treatment rendered the surfaces of GFPs superhydrophilic, with a measured contact angle of 0°, while silane and HF-treated surfaces had contact angles of 110.5° and 101.3°, respectively. SEM images revealed that CAP treatment increased the surface roughness of GFPs without damaging the glass fibers, whereas HF treatment caused breakage of exposed glass fibers, and silane covered the GFP surfaces. The push-out bond strength in all regions of the root canal was significantly higher in the CAP-treated group, with an overall bond strength improvement of approximately 3.5-fold compared to the control group. CAP treatment, by inducing superhydrophilicity and enhancing surface roughness without damaging glass fibers, substantially increased the bond strength of GFPs. Consequently, CAP may be considered a state-of-the-art surface treatment technique for enhancing the bond strength of GFPs, offering superior bonding strength of dental posts via superhydrophilicity compared to conventional methods and potentially leading to improved clinical outcomes.
Estimación de parámetros: intervalos de confianza con implementación en R
Authors:   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Nova Martínez Manuel Arturo , Sorza Álvarez Elkin Giovani , Zabala Arango Lina María
Published: May 2024

La estimación de parámetros es una técnica utilizada en estadística para obtener valores numéricos que representan características de una población a partir de una muestra. En el caso univariado, algunos parámetros de interés resultan ser la media aritmética, la proporción y la varianza; y el propósito consiste en utilizar una muestra para calcular un número que represente, con cierto criterio de bondad, el valor del parámetro en la población. Para esto, en esta guía se discutirán los intervalos de confianza.