bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise de uma Proposta de Condicionador de Potência na Geração Fotovoltaica para Melhorar a Qualidade de Energia
Authors: Rezende Jaqueline O. , Guimarães Geraldo C. , Rezende Paulo Henrique O. , Oliveira Thales L. , Silva Leonardo R. C. , Piccini Anderson R.
Published: September 2021

Neste artigo, um condicionador de potência de quatro fios é proposto para conectar os painéis fotovoltaicos à rede elétrica. Este condicionador visa injetar potência ativa na rede e, ao mesmo tempo, melhorar a qualidade da energia quando há cargas desequilibradas e não lineares no sistema elétrico. Assim, são realizadas simulações computacionais para uma rede elétrica composta por dois sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a um sistema elétrico e um conjunto de cargas com características desequilibradas, harmônicas e lineares. Inicialmente, os dois sistemas fotovoltaicos são conectados à rede por meio de inversores trifásicos. Em seguida, um dos inversores é substituído pelo condicionador de potência proposto. Com este estudo, constatou-se que o condicionador de potência proposto utilizado para conectar a geração fotovoltaica à rede elétrica contribui significativamente para suprimir correntes harmônicas e desequilibradas, trazendo melhorias significativas na qualidade de energia do sistema elétrico analisado.
Definicje pojęć podstawowych
Authors: Wojnarowska Anna
Published: September 2021

Autorka w artykule dokonuje przeglądu definicji związanych z pojęciem rewitalizacji oraz dziedzin, w których ono się pojawia. Wyjaśnia cel rewitalizacji, jej przestrzenne, społeczne i ekonomiczne aspekty. Zastanawia się na zjawiskami kryzysowymi, nad uczestnikami i procesem zarządzania rewitalizacji oraz nad partycypacją społeczną będącej jego częścią.
Model programu rewitalizacji na poziomie lokalnym
Authors: Wojnarowska Anna
Published: September 2021

Prezentowany w tym rozdziale model jest propozycją autorską, opartą na doświadczeniach wyniesionych z udziału w pracach w zakresie przygotowania Lokalnych Programów Rewitalizacji, programów rewitalizacji dla terenów pilotażowych, analiz zagranicznych przykładów tego typu opracowań oraz krajowych propozycji rozwiązań w tym zakresie.
Regulacje organizacyjno-prawne rewitalizacji w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Kozłowski Stanisław
Published: September 2021

Autor opracowania skupia się na regulacjach organizacyjno-prawnych rewitalizacji w trzech wybranych państwach Unii Europejskiej: w Niemczech, we Francji i w Wielkiej Brytanii.
Odnowa środowiska miejskiego w świetle polityki Unii Europejskiej oraz w dokumentach Europejskiej Rady Urbanistów
Authors: Wojnarowska Anna
Published: September 2021

Autorka opracowania w dokumentach Unii Europejskiej i Europejskiej Urbanistów (np.: Karta Lipska 2007, Nowa Karta Ateńska 1998, Nowa Karta Ateńska 2003) dotyczących zagadnień kształtowania środowiska miejskiego, zwraca uwagę na zaprezentowanie współczesnych koncepcji w dziedzinie polityki rozwoju miejskiego. Wspomniane dokumenty mają zarówno bezpośrednie przełożenie na sposób ujmowania tej problematyki w polskich dokumentach strategicznych i aktach prawnych, jak i przyjmowania określonych rozwiązań w programach rewitalizacji. Autorka wybrała najistotniejsze wątki w przedstawianych dokumentach właśnie pod kątem zagadnień odnowy i rewitalizacji miejskiej.
Rewitalizacja a akcesja Polski do Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Wojnarowska Anna
Published: September 2021

Wejście Polski do Unii Europejskiej otworzyło możliwość wykorzystywania funduszy strukturalnych UE także dla potrzeb rewitalizacji. Zadaniem funduszy strukturalnych jest wspieranie finansowe restrukturyzacji i modernizacji gospodarek krajów unijnych, dla uzyskania większej spójności ekonomicznej i społecznej krajów należących do UE. Wsparcie kierowane jest do tych regionów i sektorów gospodarki, które bez zewnętrznej pomocy finansowej nie są w stanie osiągnąć średniego poziomu ekonomicznego w UE.
COVID-19: Understanding and responding to the educational implications for the vulnerable children of Eswatini
Authors: Motsa Ncamsile Daphne
Published: September 2021

In a bid to contain the spread and infection rate of COVID-19, Eswatini closed all its schools on 17 March 2020, and for a year they remained closed. Despite education being the only viable means towards a better future, the closing of schools set-off to heighten prevailing educational disparities towards academic access, experience and achievement for the vulnerable children of the country. Adopting intersectionality as a theoretical framework, the paper seeks to analyse the educational effects of COVID-19 on the vulnerable children of Eswatini. The aim is to identify and discuss how educational systems and processes amidst the COVID-19 era sought to amplify the already compounded, complex and dominant educational disparities for children affected by vulnerability. A systematic literature review was conducted to understand child poverty and vulnerability in Eswatini schools and the implications of the COVID-19 school restrictions on the vulnerable children. Strategies to minimise the adverse effects of the pandemic on inclusive and equitable schooling for the vulnerable children have been suggested.
The Differences of Education Unit Level Curriculum (KTSP) and The 2013 Curriculum in Social Studies Lessons
Authors: Yusnita Anis , Apriliani Sonia , Abbas Ersis Warmansyah , Rochgiyanti Rochgiyanti
Published: September 2021

Perkembangan IPTEK menjadi pusat perhatian untuk menyiapkan sumber daya manusia. Perihal ini tentunya menjadi respon bagi kurikulum untuk memberikan ruang dialog kritis pada level pembelajaran. Kondisi yang demikian, secara langsung mendasari terjadinya perubahan KTSP tahun 2006 menjadi Kurikulum 2013. Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan perbedaan praktis Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan dan Kurikulum 2013. Telaah Pustaka dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal, dan skripsi atau tesis mahasiswa. Cara penelusuran data yaitu penulis mendatangi perpustakaan untuk mencari buku yang sesuai dengan kata kunci, selain itu penulis juga mencari jurnal yang relevan dengan isi penelitian. Literature Review kemudian di sintesis menggunakan metode naratif dengan mengelompokkan data-data hasil ekstraksi yang sejenis sesuai dengan hasil yang diukur untuk menjawab tujuan. Artikel ini mendeskripsikan bahwa Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan, secara khusus pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di Sekolah Dasar menekankan pada aspek pengetahuan. Namun, Kurikulum 2013 kemudian mengembangkan mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di Sekolah Dasar ke ranah kontekstual agar peserta didik lebih baik dalam melakukan observasi, menalar, bertanya serta mempresentasikan apa yang mereka dapat atau ketahui setelah menerima materi pembelajaran. Berbeda dengan kurikulum sebelumnya, kurikulum 2013 lebih menekankan pada ketiga aspek yakni sikap, pengetahuan serta keterampilan.
Invasive Populations of Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Saint Petersburg, Russia: a “Hitchhiker”?
Authors: Selikhovkin Andrey V. , Popovichev Boris G. , Merkuryev Sergey A. , Volkovitsh Mark G. , Vasaitis Rimvys , Musolin Dmitry L.
Published: September 2021

Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis, is an invasive beetle of East Asian origin that in North America and Russia killed millions of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.). In September 2020, EAB was de-tected in Saint Petersburg, becoming resonant event for the metropolitan city. The aim of the present study was to investigate occurrence and ecology of EAB in Saint Petersburg. The presence of two distinct enclave populations of EAB was revealed, each of which has (very likely) been established by separate events of “hitchhiking” transport vehicles. Following the invasion, further spread of EAB in Saint Petersburg was slow and locally restricted, main explanation for which is climatic factor. Due to spread by “hitchhiking”, the possibility of EAB further long-distance ge-ographic spread of EAB in the Baltic Sea region (EU) is high, and not only by ground transport (120–130 km distance from EU borders), but also by ferries transporting cars (traditional means of transportation across the Baltic Sea). In certain cases, development of EAB on F. excelsior was more successful (stem portion colonized, larval densities, number of galleries, exit holes, viable larvae, emerged beetles) than in (adjacent) F. pennsylvanica trees. Observed relatively high EAB-sensitivity of F. excelsior therefore questions the efficacy and benefits of the currently ongoing selection and breeding projects against ash dieback (ADB), caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Inventory, mapping, and monitoring of surviving F. excelsior trees in areas infested by both ADB and EAB are necessary to acquire genetic resource for work on strategic long-term restoration of F. excelsior, tackling (inevitable) invasion of EAB to the EU.
Challenges in Defining the Functional, Non-Coding, Expressed Genome of Pathogenic Mycobacteria
Authors: Stiens Jennifer , Arnvig Kristine B. , Kendall Sharon L. , Nobeli Irene
Published: September 2021

A definitive transcriptome atlas for the non-coding expressed elements of pathogenic mycobacteria does not exist. Incomplete lists of non-coding transcripts can be obtained for some of the reference genomes (e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv) but to what extent these transcripts have homologues in closely related species or even strains is not clear. This has implications for the analysis of transcriptomic data; non-coding parts of the transcriptome are often ignored in the absence of formal, reliable annotation. Here, we review the state of our knowledge of non-coding RNAs in pathogenic mycobacteria, emphasising the disparities in the information included in commonly used databases. We then proceed to review ways of combining computational solutions for predicting the non- coding transcriptome with experiments that can help refine and confirm these predictions.
Domain Analysis and Motif Matcher (DAMM): A Program to Predict Selectivity Determinants in Monosiga brevicollis PDZ Domains Using Human PDZ Data
Authors: Wofford Haley A. , Myers-Dean Josh , Vogel Brandon A. , Alamo Kevin Alexander Estrada , Longshore-Neate Frederick A. , Jagodzinski Filip , Amacher Jeanine F.
Published: September 2021

Choanoflagellates are single-celled eukaryotes with complex signaling pathways. They are considered the closest non-metazoan ancestors to mammals and other metazoans, and form multicellular-like states called rosettes. The choanoflagellate Monosiga brevicollis contains over 150 PDZ domains, an important peptide-binding domain in all three domains of life (Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya). Therefore, an understanding of PDZ domain signaling pathways in choanoflagellates may provide insight into the origins of multicellularity. PDZ domains recognize the C-terminus of target proteins and regulate signaling and trafficking pathways, as well as cellular adhesion. Here, we developed a computational program, Domain Analysis and Motif Matcher (DAMM), that predicts target specificity in choanoflagellate PDZ domains by analyzing peptide-binding cleft sequence identity as compared to human PDZ domains. We used this program, protein biochemistry, fluorescence polarization, and structural analyses to characterize the specificity of A9UPE9_MONBE, a M. brevicollis PDZ domain-containing protein with no homology to any metazoan protein, finding that its PDZ domain is most similar to those of the DLG family. We then identified two endogenous sequences that bind A9UPE9 PDZ with <100 M affinity, a value commonly considered the threshold for cellular PDZ-peptide interactions. Taken together, this approach can be used to predict cellular targets of previously uncharacterized PDZ domains in choanoflagellates and other organisms. Our data contributes to investigations into choanoflagellate signaling and how it informs metazoan evolution.
Prediction of Global Corrosion and Corrosion Products Behavior in the Primary Circuit of LBE Fast Reactor
Authors: Wu Jiewei , Wu Rongjun , Wang Yuqing , He Jianbo , Hu Chen , Xian Zeng , NI Muyi
Published: September 2021

For better understanding the corrosion and corrosion products behavior in the primary circuit of lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) coolant reactor, the concentration distribution of soluble impurities and the transport of solid particles are investigated through finite-element method. An axisymmetric model of the primary circuit of LBE reactor was constructed to accelerate the calculation the thermal hydraulic filed of circuit. The saturation concentration of solute Fe, Cr and Ni in LBE coolant are identified through the equilibrium of their oxides and PbO. And the very different saturation concentrations of Fe/Cr/Ni in LBE will lead to significant element selective corrosion. The migration of solid oxides particles in the primary circuit is also investigated by the Euler-Lagrange tracing model. The simulation shows that driving force for the movement of particles >100 μm is buoyancy, which lets particles float on a free surface, while particles <10 μm tend to suspend in coolant. However, the behavior of particles also depends on the formation position, the particles formed above the core have the high possibility of re-entering in the core.
Taiwan’s E-Government Usability from Foreign Perspective and Website Accessibility amid COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: ALmaghalsah Husam
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research intends to investigate Taiwanese egovernment websites with regards to Accessibility and Usability. The automated WAVE Accessibility tool and Nielsen’s 10 Heurestic Principle based surveys of foreign users of the English egovernment websites were used to test Accessibility and Usability respectively. The study found poor results that were unanimous across the board for Usability and total of just over 100 errors for Accessibility was the best performing website. The study proves that further research and investigation is necessary if Taiwan wants to meet its own governmental ambitions with regards to egovernment.
COVID-19 Case Rates After Surveillance and Vaccinations in a Statewide Psychiatric Hospital System
Authors: Smith Thomas E. , Rodgers Ian T. , Silverman Daniel J. , Dreslin Sally R. , Olfson Mark , Dixon Lisa B. , Wall Melanie M.
Published: September 2021

Individuals with serious mental illness are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19. The New York State (NYS) Office of Mental Health implemented patient and staff rapid testing, quarantining, and vaccination to limit COVID-19 spread in 23 state-operated psychiatric hospitals between November 2020 and February 2021. COVID-19 infection rates in inpatients and staff decreased by 96% and 71%, respectively, and the NYS population case rate decreased by 6%. Repeated COVID-19 testing and vaccination should be priority interventions for state-operated psychiatric hospitals. (Am J Public Health. 2021;111(10):1780–1783. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306444 )
Penetration modeling of ultra‐high performance concrete using multiscale meshfree methods
Authors: Sparks Paul , Sherburn Jesse , Heard William , Williams Brett
Published: September 2021

Terminal ballistics of concrete is of extreme importance to the military and civil communities. Over the past few decades, ultra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) has been developed for various applications in the design of protective structures because UHPC has an enhanced ballistic resistance over conventional strength concrete. Developing predictive numerical models of UHPC subjected to penetration is critical in understanding the material's enhanced performance. This study employs the advanced fundamental concrete (AFC) model, and it runs inside the reproducing kernel particle method (RKPM)‐based code known as the nonlinear meshfree analysis program (NMAP). NMAP is advantageous for modeling impact and penetration problems that exhibit extreme deformation and material fragmentation. A comprehensive experimental study was conducted to characterize the UHPC. The investigation consisted of fracture toughness testing, the utilization of nondestructive microcomputed tomography analysis, and projectile penetration shots on the UHPC targets. To improve the accuracy of the model, a new scaled damage evolution law (SDEL) is employed within the microcrack informed damage model. During the homogenized macroscopic calculation, the corresponding microscopic cell needs to be dimensionally equivalent to the mesh dimension when the partial differential equation becomes ill posed and strain softening ensues. Results of numerical investigations will be compared with results of penetration experiments.
Impact of Helicobacter Pylori Infection on Duodenal Microbial Community Structure and Microbial Metabolic Pathways
Authors: Maeda Tadashi , Zai Hiroaki , Fukui Yuto , Kato Yoshifumi , Kumade Eri , Watanabe Toshiyasu , Furusyo Norihiro , Nakajima Hitoshi , Arai Kazuho , Ishii Yoshikazu , Tateda Kazuhiro , Urita Yoshihisa
Published: September 2021

Background

The bioactivities of commensal duodenal microbiota greatly influence the biofunction of hosts. We investigated the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in extra-gastroduodenal diseases by determining the impact of H. pylori infection on the duodenal microbiota. We sequenced 16S rRNA genes in samples aspirated from the descending duodenum of 47 (male, 20; female, 27) individuals who were screened for gastric cancer. Samples were analysed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and the LEFSe and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes methods were used to determine whether the duodenal microflora and microbial biofunctions were affected using H. pylori infection.
Results

Thirteen and 34 participants tested positive and negative for H. pylori, respectively. We identified 1,404 bacterial operational taxonomic units from 23 phyla and 253 genera. H. pylori infection increased the relative mean abundance of Proteobacteria and Neisseria and decreased the abundance of the two other phyla (Actinobacteria and TM7) and nine genera (Rothia, TM7-3, Leptotrichia, Lachnospiraceae, Megasphaera, F16, Moryella, Filifactor, and Paludibacter). Microbiota features were significantly influenced in H. pylori-positive participants by 12 taxa mostly classified as Gammaproteobacteria. Microbial functional annotation revealed that H. pylori significantly affected 12 microbial metabolic pathways.
Conclusions

H. pylori disrupted normal bacterial communities in the duodenum and changed the biofunctions of commensal microbiota primarily by upregulating specific metabolic pathways. Such upregulation may be involved in the onset of diseases associated with H. pylori infection.
Effects of Bone Cement Distribution On Adjacent Endplates After Percutaneous Vertebroplasty For Thoracolumbar Fractures: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Han Ye , Wu Jincheng , Wang Xiaodong , Gao Wenshan , Wang Jianzhong , Sun Shaosong , Zhang Zepei , Li Kepeng , Jun Miao
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is a common surgical method for the treatment of thoracolumbar compression fractures. Currently, no biomechanical analysis has been performed examining the effects of cement distribution and positioning on the overall thoracolumbar range of motion (ROM) and the stress applied to adjacent endplates.METHODS: A model of PVP following vertebral compression fracture was established based on computed tomography data. Cement was injected into the T12 vertebral body. Depending on the location of the injection site, the model was divided into a median cement model, a left cement model, an upper-left cement model, and a lower-left cement model. The postoperative thoracolumbar ROM and biomechanical changes to the adjacent endplates were analyzed.RESULTS: After cement injection, the overall ROM for the thoracolumbar region increased compared with that before cement injection. The maximum ROM of flexion was 9.28° for the left model; the maximum ROM of extension was 10.90° for the upper-left model; the maximum left and right rotations were 8.47° and 8.52°, respectively, for the left model; the maximum left bending was 13.10° for the left model; and the maximum right bending was 13.43° for the left model. The stress applied to the adjacent vertebral endplate in the median cement model increased compared with the intact model, and the von Mises stress (VMS) value changed with different cement positions.CONCLUSION: After cement injection, the overall stress value of the endplate adjacent to the vertebral body increased, and when the position of the cement shifts, the maximum VMS increased further for some positions, and the stress value for the endplate adjacent to the vertebral body increased, which may cause fractures in the relative position.
Clinical Features And Prognostic Factors For Status Epilepticus In The Pediatric Emergency Department: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Eun Sohyun , Kwon Hye Eun , Kim Heoung Jin , Yoon Seo Hee , Kim Moon Kyu , Kim Se Hee , Lee Joon Soo , Kim Heung Dong , Kang Hoon-Chul , koo Chungmo
Published: September 2021

Background: Uncontrolled status epilepticus (SE) causes damage to all organs, especially the brain. Although there are guidelines regarding the management of convulsive SE, the timing for administering first-line rescue medications (RMeds) remains unclear. Therefore, we analyzed patients with persistent SE lasting for >30 min, who visited the pediatric emergency department (pED), to determine clinical features and risk factors and provide directions for management on arrival to the pED. Methods: This study was conducted by retrospectively reviewing medical charts of patients aged 0–19 years diagnosed with SE and accompanying motor seizures, who visited the pED between January 2010 and December 2019. After arrival at the pED, patients were divided into two groups, namely ≥30 min (n = 12) and <30 min (n = 13), according to the additional seizure time and administration of the first dose of RMeds before and after 5 min. Results: Seizures lasting for <30 min were mainly belonged to idiopathic SE in the pED. Among four SE patients who needed intensive care unit (ICU) management, three had delayed administration of RMeds of >5 min, which was statistically significant; hence, more hospitalizations in the ICU were observed when RMed administration was delayed (p = 0.047). In acute symptomatic SE such as encephalitis, more than three doses of RMeds were needed to control seizures. Conclusions: Patients with convulsive SE should arrive at the pED as soon as possible and immediately receive RMeds after arrival at the pED for good outcomes.
Evidence of Co-Circulation of Multiples Arbovirus Transmitted by Aedes Sp. Based on Laboratorial Syndromic Surveillance At Health Unit in Slum Area of Federal District, Brazil
Authors: Rufalco-Moutinho Paulo , de Noronha Lorena Aparecida Gonçalves , Quintão Tatyane de Souza Cardoso , Nobre Tayane Ferreira , Cardoso Ana Paula Sampaio , Cilião-Alves Daiani Cristina , Júnior Marco Aurélio Bellocchio , von Glehn Mateus de Paula , Haddad Rodrigo , Romero Gustavo Adolfo Sierra , de Araújo Wildo Navegantes
Published: September 2021

Background: Vector-borne diseases, especially arbiviruses transmitted by Aedes sp. mosquitos, should be a health policy priority in Brazil. Despite this urgency, there are significant limitations in the traditional surveillance system, such as lack of timely notification in identifying outbreaks at their onset and the systemic dismantling of entomological control in recent decades. Methods: Laboratory syndromic surveillance for acute febrile and/or exanthematous syndromes was developed at a health unit in a favela (Portuguese for slum) of the Federal District in order to identify the circulation of arboviruses transmitted by Aedes sp. mosquitos. Between June/2019 and March/2020, 131 valid participants were identified and tested by RT-PCR for dengue (by serotype), Zika and Chikungunya virus acute infection; and ELISA-IgM for dengue fever and Chikungunya 15-21 days after symptom onset, when the participant reported no respiratory signs (cough and/or coryza). The results obtained were compared with traditional epidemiological surveillance data for the study area. Results: At least 3 DENV-1 (2.3%), 4 DENV-2 (3%) and 1 CHIKV (0.7%) cases were confirmed in the laboratory, showing evidence of hyperendemicity even though laboratory syndromic surveillance had not reached the historic peak dengue fever months in the Federal District (April-May). When the results obtained here were compared with traditional epidemiological surveillance data, a significant discrepancy was observed, including underreporting of Chikungunya infection. Conclusions: in addition to the risks posed to the study population, the area investigated and its respective socioenvironmental profile may be a potential site for spreading the virus, given the cosmopolitan presence of Aedes sp. and human mobility in the Federal District. It is also suggested that traditional epidemiological surveillance may be notifying different acute viral infections such as dengue fever, while underreporting other arboviruses transmitted by Aedes sp. mosquitos in the Federal District.
Fluorine Depth Profiling Based on the 19F(p,p’g)19F Excitation Function
Authors: Cruz Joao , Fonseca M. , Galaviz D. , Henriques A. , Luís H. , Machado J. , Teubig P. , Velho P , Manteigas V. , Jesus A. P.
Published: September 2021

Ion beam analysis of fluorine has applications in research on teeth and bones, materials science, geochemistry and archaeometry. A novel PIGE (Particle Induced Gamma-ray Emission) standard free methodology for fluorine content determination for in-depth heterogeneous samples based on the excitation function of the 19F(p,p’γ)19F nuclear reaction is presented. New precise cross section measurements of this reaction in the proton energy range 2.1 to 4.1 MeV have been performed. In addition, the ERYA-Profiling code, a computer program specially developed for PIGE analysis of in-depth heterogeneous samples, employed this new excitation function in a case study where different fluorine simulated depth profiles probed the capability of insight into fluorine distributions in a given sample, showing the potential of PIGE analysis.
Extraction of Alternative Activities to Diversify the Medical, Dentistry, and Pharmacy Student's Thesis
Authors: Salajegheh Mahla , Hekmat Somayeh Noori , Malekpour-afshar Reza
Published: September 2021

Background: Nowadays, the correspondence of medical, dentistry, and pharmacy student's thesis with health issues and challenges of the society is a crucial concern of universities of medical sciences. Because the product-oriented thesis can significantly affect students' scientific and practical abilities and lead to the provision of more efficient services to society. The present study aimed to extract alternative activities to diversify medical, dentistry, and pharmacy student's thesis in Kerman University of medical Sciences.Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study using the sequential exploratory design and conducted in the Education Development Center of Kerman University of Medical Sciences between February and June 2021. The qualitative phase aimed to extract alternative activities to diversify medical, dentistry, and pharmacy student's thesis in three steps (literature review, scoring the extracted alternative activities, and implementing expert panel). The quantitative phase aimed to assess the extracted alternative activities to diversify medical, dentistry, and pharmacy student's thesis.Results: According to the results of the two phases, 18 alternative activities were identified and categorized into five domains of individual development, research, education, healthcare, and social services.Conclusions: The gap between what we know and what is seen in practice in medical, dentistry, and pharmacy student's thesis is quite apparent. According to research, it is always recommended that knowledge manifest itself in the society; however, the present study aimed to extract activities to replace student's dissertations so that they may turn into practice and contribute to social services.
A Rare Case of Recurrent Ovarian Cancer With NTRK1-TPM3 Gene Rearrangement
Authors: Endo Yuta , Watanabe Takafumi , Saito Motonobu , Saito Katsuharu , Suzuki Rei , Sano Hideki , Natori Yutaka , Sasaki Eisaku , Ueda Makiko , Kamo Norihito , Furukawa Shigenori , Soeda Shu , Kono Koji , Saji Shigehira , Fujimori Keiya
Published: September 2021

Background: NTRK gene fusion is rare in gynecologic cancer. Entrectinib is a novel targeted drug which is a potent inhibitor of TRK A, B and C. Here, we present a case of recurrent ovarian cancer with NTRK1-TPM3 rearrangement, which was detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and treated with entrectinib. Case Presentation: A 56-year-old woman was diagnosed as having stage IV ovarian cancer due to pleural effusion. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery followed by chemotherapy were performed. Ten months after completion of chemotherapy, the patient’s disease recurred. She was treated with multimodal therapy for recurrence. DNA-based NGS detected NTRK1-TPM3 rearrangement and entrectinib was started. However, the patient’s disease progressed despite six weeks’ administration of entrectinib, and one month after discontinuation of entrectinib, she died. After her death immunohistochemistry with a pan-Trk monoclonal antibody was performed to determine the expression of TRK. However, immunohistochemistry was negative for TRK.Conclusion: We presented a rare case of recurrent ovarian cancer with NTRK1-TPM3 gene fusion, in which entrectinib was not effective. While NTRK gene fusion was detected by DNA-based NGS, immunohistochemistry was negative for TRK. Immunohistchemitory should be performed for confirmation of TRK protein expression before entrectinib administration.
After Strict Comparison, the Conclusion of Double Slit Test Is in Conflict With the Mathematical Model
Authors: Ruhuai Xia
Published: September 2021

The double slit test, as it is known, results in a series of alternating streaks of light and dark, presumed to be caused by interfering light waves. Careful comparison of experimental results and mathematical models reveals that the plausible theory of light-wave interference contains many fatal flaws. For example, the mathematical model does not have a mechanism for regularly producing multiple dark streaks. In practice, the spot where the dark streaks should appear is the brightest spot. Since only the electron radiates photons outward as it lowers its energy and returns to its ground state, the photon waves generated in the slit (possibly a vacuum) are of unknown origin. When light waves interfere with each other, photons can be infinitely subdivided and multiplied; After the head of the photon reaches the screen, the rest of the photon can still participate in interference; The effects of reflected light waves that most satisfy the interference conditions are not shown in the fringe. The important influence of polarization direction is not considered in the interference condition. In the causality test, the photon that has collapsed into a particle should be retested with a double slit test. In the causality test, the photon that has collapsed into a particle should be retested with a double slit test. The phenomenon of "observation determines outcome" has also been observed. When the phase is shifted π or the signal is reversed, it becomes a negative wave that cancels itself out. The transmittance of light waves through a double-slit device should not be so weak. As a fundamental physical property, waves must have bandwidth, but light and quantum only have a single frequency, which does not conform to the Fourier transform principle that waves must follow. Light waves in optical fiber communication must produce modulation effect, which has not been shown in reality. If the light waves from different slits interfere with each other, a mask similar to a two-slit device will not allow the lithographer to work properly. A photon whose size is much smaller than the wave length does not represent the whole wave but only represents a sample of the wave, but the corresponding physical properties are not shown. A pair of stars orbiting each other without changing color only proves that redshift is impossible but not that the speed of light is constant. Due to the late birth of radio technology, many physical properties of electromagnetic waves were not included in the light and matter waves proposed earlier. The results of the double slit test only prove that the simple quantum particle model is incorrect but do not provide evidence that the wave model is correct.
Trauma Exposure and Depression among Frontline Health Professionals During COVID-19 Outbreak in China: The Role of Intrusive Rumination and Organizational Silence
Authors: Li Chaofan , Wu Qiaobing , Gu Debin , Ni Shiguang
Published: September 2021

Background: Healthcare professionals are a population exposed to especially high riskand stress during the COVID-19 outbreak. Several studies have demonstrated that healthcare professionals exposed to COVID-19 reported various affective disorders such as depressive symptoms, anxiety, insomnia, and distress. However, the mechanism underlying the association between trauma exposure and depressive symptom among frontline hospital staff has yet to be investigated. This study aims to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms among frontline healthcare professionals in Shenzhen, China, particularly examining its association with trauma exposure, intrusive rumination and organizational silence.Methods: Data of the study came from a time-lagged panel questionnaire survey with three waves of measurement from February, 2020 to May, 2020 at an infectious diseases hospital of Shenzhen which accommodated all the confirmed cases of COVID-19 patients. Using clustersampling design, a total of 134 frontline healthcare professionals directly involved inproviding diagnosis, treatment and nursing services for COVID-19 patients completed three wave web survey. A moderated mediation model was performed to examine the complex interplay among the major study variables.Results: Trauma exposure was significantly related with depression of frontline healthcare professionals. Intrusive rumination mediated the effect of trauma exposure on depressive symptom, and organization silence moderated the relationship between intrusive rumination and depressive symptoms. Intrusive rumination showed stronger effect on depressive while organization silences was at a lower level.Conclusions: This research demonstrates the pivotal role that intrusive rumination and organizational silence play in predicting the depressive symptoms among the frontline healthcare professionals coping with COVID-19.
The viral distribution and pathological characteristics of BALB/c mice infected with highly pathogenic Influenza H7N9 virus
Authors: Wu Xiao-Xin , Tang Song-Jia , Yao Shu-Hao , Zhou Yu-Qin , Xiao Lan-Lan , Cheng Lin-Fang , Liu Fu-Ming , Wu Nan-Ping , Yao Hang-Ping , Li Lan-Juan
Published: September 2021

Background
The highly pathogenic Influenza H7N9 virus is believed to cause multiple organ infections. However, there have been few systematic animal experiments demonstrating the virus distribution after H7N9 virus infection. The present study was carried out to investigate the viral distribution and pathological changes in the main organs of mice after experimental infection with highly pathogenic H7N9 virus.
Methods
Infection of mice with A/Guangdong/GZ8H002/2017(H7N9) virus was achieved via nasal inoculation. Mice were killed at 2, 3, and 7 days post infection. The other mice were used to observe their illness status and weight changes. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and viral isolation were used to analyse the characteristics of viral invasion. The pathological changes of the main organs were observed using haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry.
Results
The weight of H7N9 virus-infected mice increased slightly in the first two days. However, the weight of the mice decreased sharply in the following days, by up to 20%. All the mice had died by the 8th day post infection and showed multiple organ injury. The emergence of viremia in mice was synchronous with lung infection. On the third day post infection, except in the brain, the virus could be isolated from all organs (lung, heart, kidney, liver, and spleen). On the seventh day post infection, the virus could be detected in all six organs. Brain infection was detected in all mice, and the viral titre in the heart, kidney, and spleen infection was high.
Conclusion
Acute diffuse lung injury was the initial pathogenesis in highly pathogenic H7N9 virus infection. In addition to lung infection and viremia, the highly pathogenic H7N9 virus could cause multiple organ infection and injury.
What is the Impact of Ante Natal Care (ANC) Attendance on the Subsequent Maternal Health Care Services Utilization in Conflict Affected Area
Authors: Bocher Temesgen , Abdulkadir Adam A , Lewela Mashaka , Korir Judy , Magan Ali Mohamed
Published: September 2021

Background: Somalia has registered 732 maternal mortality every 100,000 live birth; the uptake of maternal health care service is lowest in the world. The purpose of study is to understand social and economic factors that hinder or facilitate the uptake of maternal health care service during the pregnancy in Somalia. Methods: Cross-sectional data was collected from 642 mothers of reproductive age in Mogadishu town through a community survey in November 2020. Descriptive data analysis and propensity score matching models were employed to measure association between the determinants of the uptake of required ANC, Skilled birth attendance and confounding factors. In addition, the impact of minimum ANC attendance on the uptake of mother health care services was evaluated Results: The study indicated that ANC is at its lowest level, only 10% women reported attending 4-ANC[1], 23% didn’t attend any ANC, and 61% attending 1 to 3 ANC; moreover, skilled birth attendance is low rate at 30%, against 67% average in Africa; 78% of women are unable to make decision to visit health clinic or hospital autonomously, rather the decision is made by other people, 44% decision is made by the husband and only 30% jointly by the woman and her husband. Contrary to the data on attendance, about 70% of the surveyed women were aware of health benefits of attending ANC. The cost associated with accessing health service at 31%, distance to health centers, 12%, and perception (ANC is not needed), 23% were the major reasons of not delivering at health institutions.Conclusions: Thus, the number of ANC visits has an incremental positive effect on the probability utilization of skilled birth attendance and delivery at health facility. Access related factors are the most hindering barriers for the poor utilization of health care service as evidently indicated by the negative correlation of distance from health center. Improving access to health education, interventions targeting improved income and women empowerment lead to better maternal health outcome.
Nutritional Vulnerability And Associated Risk Factors of Bangladeshi Wetland Community People Aged 50 Years And Older
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Meshbahur , Farhana Zaki , Uddin Md Taj , Islam Md. Ziaul , Hamiduzzaman Mohammad
Published: September 2021

Introduction: People aged 50 years and over often show nutritional vulnerability in South-Asia including Bangladesh. Consequently, they present physical weakness and illness that escalate overtime. In Bangladesh, community-focused investigations have potentials to inform healthcare interventions, but current studies examine older adults’ nutrition status which are not all-encompassing [e.g., wetland communities]. We, therefore, assessed the malnutrition status among wetland community-dwelling older adults aged ≥50 years in Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with 400 older adults was conducted in the north-eastern wetland community of Bangladesh through simple random sampling. Demographic and health information were collected using a structure questionnaire and the Nestle Mini Nutrition Assessment-Short Form criteria was used to assess the nutrition status. Respondent’s socio-demographic and health profiles were assessed, and the Pearson’s Chi-square association test was performed to identify the associated socio-demographic and health factors of older adult’s malnutrition.Results: The prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition were 59.75 and 39.75 percent respectively. Malnutrition prevalence rate was higher with increasing of age and female were more malnourished than male. The age, gender, educational status, occupation and income were significantly associated with older adults’ malnutrition. The wetland community-dwelling people who are suffering sleeping disorders and poor self-rating health condition were found to be more malnourished.Conclusion: The findings confirm that the prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition are high among community-dwelling people aged ≥50 years in wetland communities. Our findings suggest the health professionals to implement public health and clinical interventions simultaneously to improve nutritional status of this cohort.
Ecogenomics Sheds Light On Diverse Lifestyle Strategies In Freshwater CPR
Authors: Chiriac Maria-Cecilia , Bulzu Paul-Adrian , Andrei Adrian-Stefan , Okazaki Yusuke , Nakano Shinichi , Haber Markus , Kavagutti Vinicius Silva , Layoun Paul , Ghai Rohit , Salcher Michaela M.
Published: September 2021

Background. The increased use of metagenomics and single-cell genomics led to the discovery of organisms from phyla with no cultivated representatives and proposed new microbial lineages such as the candidate phyla radiation (CPR, or Patescibacteria). These bacteria have peculiar ribosomal structures, reduced metabolic capacities, small genome and cell sizes, and a general host-associated lifestyle was proposed for the radiation. So far, most CPR genomes were obtained from groundwaters, however, their diversity, abundance, and role in surface waters is largely unexplored. Here we attempt to close these knowledge gaps by deep metagenomic sequencing of 119 samples of 17 different freshwater lakes located in Europe and Asia. Moreover, we applied Fluorescence in situ Hybridization followed by Catalyzed Reporter Deposition (CARD-FISH) for a first visualization of distinct CPR lineages and to pinpoint their lifestyle (free-living vs. host-associated) in freshwater samples.Results. A total of 282 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) of diverse CPR lineages were recovered from the investigated lakes, with a higher prevalence from hypolimnion samples (263 MAGs). They have reduced genomes (median size 1 Mbp) and were generally found in low abundances (0.02 – 14.36 coverage/Gb) and with estimated slow replication rates. The analysis of genomic traits and CARD-FISH results showed that the radiation is an eclectic group in terms of metabolic capabilities and lifestyles, ranging from free-living to host- or particle-associated. Although some complexes of the electron transport chain were present in the CPRs MAGs, together with ion-pumping rhodopsins and heliorhodopsins, we believe that they most probably adopt a fermentative metabolism. Terminal oxidases might function in O2 scavenging, while heliorhodopsins could be involved in mitigation against oxidative stress. Conclusions. A high diversity of CPR MAGs was recovered, and distinct CPR lineages did not seem to be limited to lakes with specific trophic states. Their reduced metabolic capacities resemble the ones described for genomes in groundwater and animal-associated samples, apart from Gracilibacteria that possesses more complete metabolic pathways. Even though this radiation was assumed to be mostly host-associated, we also found organisms from different clades (ABY1, Paceibacteria, Saccharimonadia) that appear to be free-living or associated with ‘lake snow’ particles (ABY1, Gracilibacteria), extending the knowledge regarding their lifestyle.
The Effect of Replacing Dried Meal Worm with Soybean Meal on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Boroojerdi Navid Naderi , Rajabzadeh Mostafa
Published: September 2021

An experiment was conducted on 240 one-day old male (Ross308) chicken to the effect of substitution of dried mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) with soybean meal on growth performance and carcass characteristics broiler chicks. Chicks fed in a completely randomized design with 4 replicate cages (12 birds per cage). Five dietary treatments used: 1- Control treatment: Basal diet based on corn-soybean meal without adding dried mealworm, 2- Replacement of 5% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 3- Replacement of 10% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet, 4- Replacement of 15% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet and 5- Replacement of 20% dried mealworm with soybean meal in the base diet. The results of the experiment showed that 3rd and 4th treatments with a substitution of 10 and 15 percent showed a higher mean weight gain and a daily gain, but their feed intake was lower comparing other treatments, and finally, the feed conversion ratio showed a significant decrease with respect to control treatment using these replacement levels. At 21 and 42 days of age, carcass yield and relative weight of the breasts showed significant increases in treatments 3 and 4, and other characteristics of chicken carcasses were not affected by the test treatments. The experiment showed that replacing soybean meal with 10% and 15% worm powder significantly improved the performance of broiler chickens, but no significant difference was found between the two levels.
Carotid Artery Elasticity Variables as Predictors for the Risk of Coronary Arterial Lesions in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Cai Wen-Bin , Wang Yi , Wang Jia , Yuan Li-Jun , Duan Yun-You , Zhang Li
Published: September 2021

Background: Carotid artery can be considered as the window to reflect systemic artery atherosclerosis. Nowadays, the evaluation of carotid artery lesions both from the structural and functional aspects in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) by ultrasonographic imaging is one of the preferable tools. Materials and Methods: Patients with suspected CAD underwent coronary angiography and were assigned to one of four groups (non-CALs, atherosclerosis, single-lesion and multi-lesion) based on the results. Carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness were investigated by quality intima-media thickness (QIMT) and quality arterial stiffness (QAS) techniques. Univariable and multivariable modeling were used to investigate arterial elasticity predictors of CALs. Area under the receive operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.Results: Carotid IMT and stiffness variables pulse wave velocity (PWV), α, β and compliance coefficient (CC) were statistically different between every two-group comparisons. Multivariable logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the odd ratio (OR) for patients with CALs were 1.73, 1.67, 1.19, 1.23 and 0.56 accordingly as IMT, PWV, α, β and CC were concerned. The OR values were similar with or without. The AUC of IMT, PWV, α, β and CC were 0.9257, 0.8910, 0.8016, 0.9383, 0.8581 with correctly classified rate of 88.16%, 83.77%, 78.07%, 86.84%, and 81.58%, respectively. Conclusions: The ultrasnongraphic variables derived from QIMT and QAS analysis present favorable diagnostic values for patients with CALs. The vascular stiffness changes predicted by QAS variables highlighted the hypothesis that functional impairment might predate structural damages as we can detect.