bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nature's Valuable Resource: Moringa Phytochemicals Targeting TCF7L2 in Drug Design Revealed through MD Simulation and MMGBSA
Authors: Saleem Amna , Mubeen Hira , Ali Nouman , Razzaq Hafiza Tuba , Seher Rijaab , Ishaq Anam
Published: March 2024

Diabetes mellitus, a multifactorial disorder, is rapidly evolving into a global epidemic, driven by changes in lifestyle and urbanization. Understanding its genetic underpinnings is essential to developing effective preventive strategies. While genome-wide association studies have identified chromosome 10q25.3 as relevant to type 2 diabetes, the specific causal variations remain elusive. This study focuses on elucidating the role of TCF7L2, a protein implicated in diabetes pathogenesis, through protein network analysis. Additionally, it investigates carvacrol, a compound found in Moringa, as a potential therapeutic agent. Using computational pharmacology, carvacrol demonstrates promising properties such as favorable pharmacokinetics, blood-brain barrier permeability, and low oral toxicity. Molecular docking studies reveal strong binding interactions between TCF7L2 and carvacrol with a binding energy of -5.5 kcal/mol, indicating its potential as a lead drug candidate. Molecular dynamics simulations further support the stability of this interaction over time. Despite these promising findings, laboratory validation is imperative to assess the safety and efficacy of carvacrol as a therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus. This research underscores the potential of computational approaches in drug discovery and highlights carvacrol as a promising avenue for further investigation in addressing the challenges posed by diabetes mellitus.
Pediatric Peripheral Facial Nerve Palsy – the Role of Ear Pathology
Authors: Cozacov Tal , Cooper Shiri , Vardy Yoav , Hoffer Vered , Levinsky Yoel , Ulanovski David , Raveh Eyal , Scheuerman Oded , Landau Daniel
Published: March 2024

Background: Nearly half of the acquired cases of peripheral facial nerve palsy (PFNP) are of unknown etiology, a condition termed Bell's palsy (BP). PFNP in children can often be associated with acute otitis media (OM). Differences between the clinical course and prognosis in OM-associated PFNP (OM-PFNP) and BP in children are not well characterized.
Methods: Retrospective review of all children hospitalized in a tertiary care children's hospital between January 2006 and December 2020 with a diagnosis of non-traumatic and non-surgery associated PFNP.
Results: Out of 177 children hospitalized with facial nerve palsy, 46 were excluded (central origin: 28; underlying neurologic condition 12; traumatic etiology: 6). A total of 131 cases of PFNP were included in the study, 80 with OM-PFNP and 51 with BP. Children with OM-PFNP were younger at presentation (38.8±50.4 Vs 96.6±74.7 months, p <0.001), presented more frequently during the winter months (32.5% Vs 25.5%, p< 0.05) and had a higher CRP value [median (IQR): 1.3 (0.18-4.2) Vs 0 (0-0) mg/dL, p< 0.005]. There was no significant difference in the corticosteroid use rate (87.5% Vs 88.2%, p=0.9). Four children with OM-PFNP (and none of the BP group) had an additional underlying pathology (petrous bone osteomyelitis, cholesteatoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma).
Conclusions: Children with OM-PFNP are younger at presentation and should be assessed for the presence of a significant associated middle ear/ petrous bone pathology.
Topical Tranexamic Acid in Hip and Knee Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Tantavisut Saran , Artykbay Sanzhar , Tangwiwat Pasawiss , Susantitaphong Paweena
Published: March 2024

Tranexamic Acid (TXA) has been widely used in orthopedic operations, including hip and knee surgery, to decrease blood loss. However, the optimal tranexamic acid regimen is still debated between topical or systematic such as oral or intravenous. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that compare the efficacy and safety of the topical application of transamine in hip and knee surgery with other routes. Outcomes of interest were the comparative aspects of bleeding, hospitality, and morbidity associated with topical TXA, in contrast to alternative administration routes. Eighty RCTs, involving 13,969 patients, assessed the outcomes of topical tranexamic acid in hip fracture surgery, hip arthroplasty, and knee arthroplasty, comparing it with intravenous, oral, and placebo administration. Overall, topical TXA decreased total blood loss [-353 mL (95%CI -395, -311), P<0.001], drainage volume [-239.802 mL (95% CI -298.744, -180.859), P<0,001], intraoperative blood loss [-14.994 mL (95% CI -34.370, 4.382), P<0.001], hidden blood loss [-123.711 mL (95% CI -153.703, -93.719), P<0.001], total hemoglobin loss [-0.970 gr/dL (95% CI -1.289, -0.651), P<0.001], total hematocrit loss [-0.937 (95% CI -1.289, -0.584), P<0.001], and blood transfusion rate [RR diff. 0.480 (95% CI 0.386, 0.597), P<0.001] compared to placebo. Topical TXA administration consistently demonstrated significant reductions in total blood loss, drain volume, intraoperative blood loss, total hemoglobin loss, and the need for blood transfusions compared to the placebo group. Subgroup analysis results also indicated that topical TXA performed better than placebo and was comparable to intravenous and oral routes.
Potential Utility of ADNP in Circulating Tumor Cells as Biomarker for Prognostics in Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Wen Yuheng , Ming Zhihao , Li Hong , Zhu Shuai , Cao Jian , Ye Mingji , Gan Tian , She Xiangqun , Zeng Yong , Xie Yu
Published: March 2024

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the prognostic utility of Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) expression in Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) inpatients with Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) undergoing Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT).
Methods
A prospective cohort of 74 bladder cancer patients and 22 non-cancer controls were enrolled. The expression of ADNP mRNA was detected by immunomagnetic beads-droplet digital PCR. The ADNP mRNA expression was evaluated in patients with high-risk NMIBC and those with indeterminate invasion depth post 2nd TURBT. Primary cultured bladder cancer cells and PBMCs from healthy donors were immunofluorescence stained.
Results
Our findings suggest that baseline ADNP mRNA level in CTCs shows potential as a prognostic marker for NMIBC with a sensitivity of 83.33% and a specificity of 73.58%. In comparison to baseline, ADNP mRNA expression increased post 2nd TURBT in 5 patients, where 2 experienced recurrence. Meanwhile, among the 12 patients with decreased levels, only one patient relapsed. A considerable limitation of this study entails the small sample size.
Conclusions
The Immuno-magnetic beads-ddPCR technique provided a viable method for ADNP mRNA detection in CTCs from bladder cancer patients. The preoperative ADNP mRNA level in CTCs was identified as a prognostic indicator for NMIBC. Longitudinal monitoring of ADNP mRNA in CTCs of bladder cancer patients shows promise in evaluating treatment responses and predicting prognosis.
Detection of Ubiquitous Circumbinary Matter Formed from Common-Envelope Ejections
Authors: Han Zhanwen , Li Jiangdan , Wolf Christian , Luo Yangpin , Li Jiao , Zhao Jingkun , Chen Xuefei
Published: March 2024

The formation of compact binary systems is canonically explained by evolution through a common envelope (CE) phase. While such binaries are ubiquitous and important, e.g., as progenitors of type Ia supernovae and black hole mergers, direct observational evidence for the CE material is elusive. The short-lived and dynamic nature of CEs poses challenges in their detection and detailed study. Numerical simulations predict that a fraction of the envelope may remain bound after CE ejections. In this article, we report for the first time the detection of such bound matter across a sample of 281 hot subdwarf binary candidates, believed to have formed in recent CE ejections. In their LAMOST spectra, we find anomalously strong calcium (Ca) II K lines arising from circumbinary matter. As expected, the radial velocities are close to the systemic velocities of the binaries, with a possible tendency for slow outflows.
Host Response in Critically Ill Patients Aged 65 Years or Older: A Prospective Study
Authors: Lian Hui , Wang Guangjian , Zhang Hongmin , Wang Xiaoting , Zhang Shuyang
Published: March 2024

Introduction:
The host response is a common pathway for all critical illness. Aging, a global trend, leads to changes in host response, which might be crucial for diagnosis and therapy in intensive care unit.
Methods
All patients aged 65 years or older admitted to our geriatric intensive care unit were included in the study. Demographic, clinical and medication data were collected from the electronic medical records system. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, while secondary endpoints included length of in-hospital stay (LOS), and length of ICU stay. Generalized Additive Mix Model was used to conduct analysis, and nomogram analysiswas used to establish a prediction model for mortality.
Results
A total of 1, 204 patients admitted to our geriatric ICU (GICU) during the study period. Their mediam age was 75 years, while the maximum age was 110 years old. Host response biomarkers were relatively lower in those very old patients (VOPs, over the age of 85). White blood cell (WBC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were positively associated with mortality, while platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was negatively associated with mortality. Lymphocyte count was a risk factor for mortality, risk ratio (RR) 1.2181. Elevated host response biomarkers were negatively associated with length of in-hospital stay and ICU stay. The prediction model combining all the host response biomarkers had an ideal predictive performance.
Conclusion
Our study discovered that age significantly affects the host response in critically ill patients. Critically ill older patients generally had lower levels of host response biomarkers accompanied by a higher level of mortality, especially in VOPs. Some host response biomarkers were positively associated with in-hospital mortality, and a predictive model was constructed to comprehensively evaluate the prognosis of critically ill older patients by including these inflammation, immunity, and coagulation with good predictive value.
Foliar application of abscisic acid and glycine betaine triggers drought tolerance modulating physiology, yield and antioxidative defense system in wheat
Authors: Haque Md. Sabibul , Hossain Kh Sabbir , Baroi Artho , Alamery Salman , Attia KOTB M , Hafez Yaser M , Hussain Tanveer , Uddin Md. Nesar , Hossain Md. Alamgir
Published: March 2024

Global climate model predicts frequent and severe drought in the future resulting in limited crop production affecting growth and yield. The extent of drought tolerance in two wheat cultivars (WMRI-1 and BARI GOM-33) was investigated by foliar application of abscisic acid (ABA) and glycine betaine (GB) at the anthesis and grain filling stages. A pot experiment maintaining completely randomized design with four replications was set in the field laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. A total of four treatments were followed such as i) Control (20–22% moisture content) ii) Drought (8–10% moisture content) iii) Drought + ABA and iv) Drought + GB. The plants at the reproductive stage were sprayed weekly with ABA (20 µM) and GB (50 mM) under drought conditions. Drought stress significantly declined chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate in comparison to control. However, the foliar application of ABA and GB under drought considerably increased the rate of photosynthesis and pigment contents in the flag leaves compared to the plants grown under individual drought conditions. A considerable increase in lipid peroxidation and H2O2 contents in flag leaves were recorded in all drought conditions, while these values were reduced in ABA and GB treatments. ABA and GB application significantly enhanced the catalase and peroxidase enzymes activities and total antioxidant capacity exhibiting reduction in oxidative damage and increased grain yield. Heatmap using stress tolerance index (STI) showed that Drought + ABA and Drought + GB secured higher STI scores suggesting a greater degree of drought tolerance in both cultivars. In conclusion, foliar spraying of ABA and GB enhanced drought tolerance in both wheat cultivars by altering physiology and antioxidative defense suggesting a declined state of oxidative damage with increased yield.
Research and application of urban 3D geologic modeling technology based on multivariate complex geologic structures——Take Chengdu as an example
Authors: Hao Ming , Zhang Yuxiang , Zhan Qiqi , Wang Donghui , Liu Zhaoxin , Lei Chuanyang , Fan Min
Published: March 2024

Three-dimensional (3D) geological models can visually present various underground geological body forms, geological structures, geological hazards, which is of great significance for urban spatial planning and urban geological hazard prevention and control. To overcome technical difficulties such as poor accuracy, poor aesthetics and the difficulty to modify and improve the model afterwards, the 3D model of urban geology under complex geological conditions was constructed. This paper proposes a 3D modeling technology for urban geology with multiple complex geological structures based on multi-source heterogeneous data with the common constraints of geological priori knowledge and geological laws. This technique can utilize various modeling data, such as DEM data, planimetric geological maps, comprehensive geological profiles, borehole data, geophysical interpretation data and tectonic outline maps. Under the common constraints of geological prior knowledge and geological laws, the block modeling technique is used to complete the construction of 3D urban geological models under complex geological conditions. Taking the construction of 3D geological model in Chengdu as an example, this paper focuses on the theory and algorithm of 3D modeling of urban geology, the geological background of the demonstration area, the preparation and pre-processing of 3D modeling data, and the research and demonstration application of 3D modeling technology for urban geology. The construction of a 3D geological model of Chengdu was completed using a 3D modeling technology of a multi-complex urban geological structure.
Networking the desert plant microbiome, bacterial and fungal symbionts structure and assortativity in co-occurrence networks
Authors: Maurice Kenji , Laurent-Webb Liam , Bourceret Amélia , Boivin Stéphane , Boukcim Hassan , Selosse Marc-André , Ducousso Marc
Published: March 2024

In nature, microbes do not thrive in seclusion but are involved in complex interactions within- and between-microbial kingdoms. Among these, symbiotic associations with mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria are namely known to improve plant health, while providing resources to benefit other microbial members. Yet, it is not clear how these symbionts interact between each other or how they impact the microbiota network architecture. We used an extensive co-occurrence network analysis, including rhizosphere and roots samples from six plant species in a natural desert in AlUla (KSA) and described how these symbionts were structured within the plant microbiota network. We found that plant species was a significant driver of its microbiota composition and also of the specificity of its interactions at the taxa level. Despite this specificity, a covariance motif was conserved across all networks, i.e., mycorrhizal fungi highly covaried with other mycorrhizal fungi, especially in plant roots — this pattern is known as assortativity. This structural property might reflect their ecological niche preference or their ability to opportunistically colonize roots of plant species considered non symbiotic. Furthermore, these results are consistent with previous findings regarding the architecture of the gut microbiome network, where we also identified a high level of assortativity at the level of bacterial and fungal orders, suggesting the existence of general rules of microbiome assembly. Otherwise, the bacterial symbionts Rhizobiales and Frankiales covaried with other bacterial and fungal members, and were highly structural to the intra- and inter-kingdom networks. Our extensive co-occurrence network analysis of plant microbiota and study of symbiont assortativity, provided further evidence on the importance of bacterial and fungal symbionts in structuring the global plant microbiota network.
The Canadian Prospective Pragmatic Perilunate Outcomes (C3PO) Trial; A Protocol
Authors: Mitchell Eric C , Tottenham Isabelle , Grewal Ruby , Curran Matthew WT , White Neil
Published: March 2024

Background
Perilunate spectrum injuries (PSI) are uncommon, but high-energy injuries that result in significant functional implications for patients. The existing literature on PSI is limited to small case-series and there are no evidence-based guidelines for management.
Methods
This manuscript outlines a protocol for a three-armed, national, multi-centre study, which includes a patient injury registry for PSI, as well as associated retrospective and prospective arms. The primary objective is to establish a national injury registry for patients who present with PSI. The secondary objectives are to examine the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of PSI, evaluate progression of these outcomes over time, and to examine the impact of specific operative and injury related factors on outcomes.
Discussion
This paper describes the protocol for a three-armed, multi-centre study of PSI. It outlines the rationale for the study as well as the relevant methodological details. An injury registry involving multiple centres is valuable given this is an uncommon injury with many potential variables affecting outcomes. Registry-based retrospective and prospective studies will benefit from the large clinical database provided by the registry and could be used to guide evidence-based treatment guidelines which are currently lacking in the literature.
Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04370626
Linkage between vertical coupling and storage flux: Insights from urban tall-tower eddy covariance measurement
Authors: Lan Changxing , Holst Christopher , Grünwald Thomas , Mauder Matthias
Published: March 2024

The storage flux, corresponding to disequilibrium between observed flux and net surface emissions, poses a significant source of uncertainty in tower-based eddy covariance (EC) measurements over urban and forest ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the coupling between the urban inertial sub-layer (ISL) and roughness sub-layer (RSL) and its influence on nighttime storage flux, leveraging tower-EC together with collocated wind profile measurements. Our findings demonstrate that substantial storage flux occurs when turbulent kinetic energy accumulates within the RSL, indicating decoupling between ISL and RSL. With increasing wind speed, turbulent eddies generated by bulk wind shear directly interact with the surface, conducive to the recoupling between ISL and RSL and resulting in decreased storage flux. Conversely, when turbulent kinetic energy is not accumulated within the RSL, the storage flux remains low and relatively insensitive to wind speed. The derived diagnostic relation further confirms the predominant influence of stability and turbulent intensity gradient on regulating the storage flux. These results provide valuable insights as a complement to prior storage flux studies in forest ecosystems.
Contrast-enhanced CT-based deep radiomics strategy reveals the lymph node status in bladder cancer and its biological significance
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Liu Zixiao , Wang Yang , Tang Xing , Huang Haolin , Hu Wei , Liu Yang , Qin Weijun , Xu Xiaopan , Lu Hongbing
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To precisely evaluate bladder cancer (BCa) lymph node (LN) status, we proposed a deep radiomics model that combines local and global information on the contrast-enhanced (CECT) images, and investigated the biological significance of image features for LN metastasis prediction.
Methods: Patients’ pretherapy CECT images with pathologically confirmed LN status of BCa were retrospectively collected from four clinical centers and publicly shared on TCIA. Radiomics models, deep learning models, and hybrid models integrating both radiomics and deep learning features with different classifiers were developed. Receiver operating characteristic analysis, Mann–Whitney U tests, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used for diagnostic performance evaluation. Finally, weighted correlation network analysis and functional enrichment analysis were adopted to determine the biological pathways significantly associated with these image features.
Results: Eighty patients were finally enrolled in this study. The hybrid model with support vector machine classifier obtained the best performance, with the sensitivity of 0.923 and area under the curve of 0.960 (95% CI: 0.884, 1.000) after 20-round 5-fold cross-validation, which significantly (p < 0.05) outperformed the other models for the LN metastasis prediction. DCA further showed great clinical benefit of the hybrid model for the prediction task. Additionally, Six biological pathways associated with immune inflammatory response, tumor transformation and lymphatic metastasis were significantly correlated with these image features for the LN status identification.
Conclusion: The hybrid model could achieve favorable sensitivity and precision for BCa LN metastasis prediction. Key biological pathways were closely associated with image features in the hybrid model for LN metastasis prediction.
LCM-RNAseq highlights intratumor heterogeneity and a lncRNA signature from archival tissues of GH-secreting PitNETs
Authors: Cis Luca , Nanni Simona , Gessi Marco , Bianchi Antonio , De Martino Sara , Pecci Valeria , Bonvissuto Davide , Carlino Angela , Giacò Luciano , Rindi Guido , Sette Claudio , Grassi Claudio , Gaetano Carlo , Pontecorvi Alfredo , Farsetti Antonella
Published: March 2024

Purpose
This study explores the potential for hidden variations within seemingly uniform regions of growth hormone -secreting pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (GH-PitNETs). We employed archived tissue samples using Laser Capture Microdissection Sequencing (LCM-RNAseq) to probe the molecular landscape of these tumors at a deeper level.
Methods
A customized protocol was developed to extract, process, and sequence small amounts of RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues derived from five patients with GH-secreting PitNETs and long-term follow-up (≥ 10 years). This approach ensured precise isolation of starting material of enough quality for subsequent sequencing.
Results
The LCM-RNAseq analysis revealed a surprising level of diversity within seemingly homogeneous tumor regions. Interestingly, the 30 most highly expressed genes included the well-known long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1. We further validated the levels of MALAT1 and of other tumor-associated lncRNAs using digital droplet PCR.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates the potential of LCM-RNAseq to unlock hidden molecular diversity within archived pituitary tumor samples. By focusing on specific cell populations, we identified lncRNAs expressed at different levels within the tumors, potentially offering new insights into the complex biology of GH-secreting PitNETs. This evidence prompts further research into the role of lncRNAs in pituitary neuroendocrine tumor aggressiveness and personalized treatment strategies.
Using the role model approach to optimise caregiver administration of sulfadoxine- pyrimethamine amodiaquine to children aged 3–59 months in Burkina Faso, Chad and Togo: findings from an evaluation
Authors: Donovan Laura , Shafique Muhammad , Wharton-Smith Alexandra , Richardson Sol , Viganò Erica , Traore Adama , Compaoré Cheick , Tounaikok Narcisse , Beakgoube Honoré , Dingamtel Nodjiyam , Awokou Fantche , Sewu Essèboè , Tougri Gauthier , Diar Mahamat Saleh Issakha , Atcha-Oubou Tinah , Ward Charlotte , Baker Kevin
Published: March 2024

Background Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is a World Health Organization-recommended intervention for the prevention of malaria among children at high risk in areas with seasonal transmission. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, SMC drug distribution was rapidly adapted to reduce contact and mitigate the risk of transmission between communities and community distributors, with caregivers administering doses. To address the challenges and find local solutions to improve administration and adherence, the role model approach was designed, implemented and evaluated in selected communities of Burkina Faso, Chad and Togo. This paper describes the results of this evaluation.Methods Focus group discussions were held with primary caregivers in all three countries to understand their perceptions of the approach’s acceptability and feasibility. In Burkina Faso and Togo, household surveys assessed the characteristics of caregivers reached by role model activities. Key indicators on SMC coverage and adherence allowed for an assessment of caregiver engagement outcomes related to participation in activities. We tested statistical associations between participation in role model activities and caregiver beliefs related to SMC.Results The majority of caregivers believed the approach to have a positive effect on drug administration, with most adopting the promoted strategies. Greater involvement of fathers in drug administration and acknowledgement of their joint responsibility was a notable positive outcome. However, several barriers to participation were noted and there was criticism of the group approach. In Burkina Faso and Togo, end-of-round survey results revealed that 98.4% of respondents agreed the approach improved their knowledge and skills in malaria prevention, while 100% expressed a desire to continue practicing the behaviours learned. However, there was a relatively low level of awareness of the approach among communities. Participation was strongly associated with participants’ self-reported belief in ease of remembering to administer, and ease of administering, SMC medicines.Conclusion Caregivers perceived the role model approach to be beneficial in aiding drug administration, with other positive impacts also reported. Replication and scale-up should utilise the most popular communication channels and existing community structures to ensure activities are promoted effectively. A mixture of group and one-on-one approaches should be used where appropriate and feasible.
The prognosis effect of neck dissection and occult metastasis of cervical lymph nodes on CN0 parotid carcinoma and Clinical management
Authors: Ning Yudong
Published: March 2024

0bjective To explore the prognosis effect of neck dissection and occult lymph node metastasis (OLNM) on clinically negative lymph node (CN0) parotid carcinoma (PC) and analyze risky factors of OLNM.
Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on CN0 PC patients who underwent initial surgery at the National Cancer Center of China from 2012 to 2022. Propensity score matching(PSM) and Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve were used to compare the difference in progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival (OS) between no neck dissection cohort and neck dissection cohort, and between no neck lymph node metastasis cohort and neck lymph node metastasis cohort. The clinical factors related to OLNM in the neck dissection group were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Results A total of 133/472 patients were CNO PC after initial surgery, including 75（56.4%） patients undergoing neck dissection, 20（26.7%） of whom were pathologically confirmed to have lymph node metastasis.There were no significant differences between no neck dissection cohort and neck dissection cohort and between no lymph node metastasis cohort and lymph node metastasis cohort on OS after PSM(P>0.05).There was no significant differences between no lymph node matastasis cohort and lymph node metastasis cohort on PFS after PSM(P=0.37).However ,neck dissection cohort had a better PFS than no neck dissection cohort after PSM(P=0.025).Poor differentiation was independent risky factor to OLNM for CNO PC (P=0.028).
Conclusion For CNO PC, preventive neck dissection may prolong PFS, although it does not improve OS. Patients with lower differentiation trend to develop occult metastasis, and neck dissection should be performed as appropriate.
Active Damage detection of LNG tank under Different Static Pressure Using Piezoelectric Sensors
Authors: Rekha Sabiha Ashtara , Hui Qian
Published: March 2024

Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) tanks are a kind of large-scale equipment used to transfer LNG from storage worldwide. Due to the high pressure, different degrees of damage or leakage can occur on the tank's surface, resulting in both economic loss and harmful disasters to the surrounding environment and people. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor the health condition of the tank continuously. In this paper, a piezoelectric sensor-based active monitoring system was used to monitor the damage to the tank. The mechanical behavior of the LNG Type-C tank was analyzed under different static pressure stresses by finite element software to identify the damage location. Different lengthening cracks had been induced on the tank due to FE analysis results. In the experimental portion, two PZT patches were attached as sensors and actuators to the tank's surface at the same distance, and an active monitoring system was used to identify the different damage conditions. Wavelet packet-based analysis was performed to note the attenuation of the energy index when the signals pass through the crack. The results show that the signal changes its characteristics when a crack appears on the tank surfaces.
Heisenberg Type Inequality for the Continuous Laguerre Wavelet Transform
Authors: Dades Abdelaali , Daher Radouan
Published: March 2024

In this work, some uncertainty inequalities associated to the Laguerre wavelet transform are established. Namely, Donoho-Stark and Heisenberg-Weyl type uncertainty principles are proved.
Learning to Learn: Fostering Intellectual Curiosity in Health Care Education
Authors: Weiss Jonathon
Published: March 2024

Curiosity has been theorized to be a primary driver of the master adaptive learner as it motivates students to identify knowledge gaps, engage in exploratory behavior, and participate in self-determined learning. Enabled with these necessary skills, health care students may succeed within a contemporary health care environment. There is currently a paucity of information regarding curiosity in health care education, particularly practical applications of cultivating curiosity in the classroom. The purpose of this research was to explore teaching and learning strategies health care educators use to foster intellectual curiosity and “learning to learn.” An exploratory, qualitative case study approach was used. In-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with 18 multidisciplinary professional health care faculty to explore the questions of how and why teachers foster curiosity in the classroom. The data analysis was framed by Russell’s conceptual model of intellectual curiosity (2013) and Ryan and Deci’s self-determination theory (2000). The primary findings were that faculty appreciate their positive and negative effects on student curiosity and believe that diverse learners require diverse strategies to foster curiosity optimally. The most often cited general strategies were using mindfulness and reflection, establishing relevancy, creating a safe learning environment, and serving as a role model. Fifty specific strategies to cultivate curiosity are offered. Finally, faculty believe curiosity is crucial to providing optimal person-centered care. Providing optimal care serves as both a strategy and justification for improving curiosity. By capitalizing on curiosity, future health care providers will be better prepared to address future challenges through continual innovation.
Quantitative Analysis of the Changes of Retinal Blood Flow Density and Retinal Thickness in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy by OCTA
Authors: Wang Yue , Liu Ruibin
Published: March 2024

In our current study, we aim to quantitatively analyze the alterations in retinal BFD and retinal thickness in patients with diabetic retinopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). We analyzed retinal blood flow density (BFD) and thickness in 60 diabetic retinopathy patients using OCTA, comparing them with 60 healthy individuals. Results showed significant lower retinal BFD in the observation group in both superficial and deep capillaries. The retinal thickness of the patients in the observation group was greater. the overall and paracentric concave of the BFD in the superficial capillary layer, the overall and paracentric concave, and subcentral concave of BFD in deep capillary layer, and the overall, central concave, paracentric concave, and subcentral concave of retinal thickness had a certain correlation with diabetic retinopathy. The overall, central concave, paracentric concave, and subcentral concave of the BFD in superficial and deep capillary layer and retinal thickness all had certain predictive values for diabetic retinopathy, and predictive values for the disease were indicated by AUC values ranging from 0.616 to 0.990 (p < 0.05). OCTA examination revealed a notable decrease in retinal BFD and increase in retinal thickness, suggesting its potential as a diagnostic tool for diabetic retinopathy.
Livelihood Support System Through Collection and Marketing of Minor Forest Products: A Socioeconomic Analysis
Authors: H jyothi , Nayak Mahantesh R , N Yamuna
Published: March 2024

The research article investigates collection and marketing dynamics of Minor Forest Products (MFPs) by Siddi Tribes in the Western Ghats of Karnataka, focusing on Uttara Kannada and Belagavi districts. These MFPs, including honey, wax, shikakai, and others, are crucial for livelihoods of Siddi communities. The study explores economic and socio-economic conditions of Siddi Tribes, emphasizing their isolation and constraints in collection and marketing. Large-Sized Adivasi Multipurpose Co-operative Societies (LAMPS) play a key role in marketing of MFPs. Findings reveal variations in quantities collected and market rates over the years, providing insights into the economic dynamics of MFPs for Siddis. The study further compares incomes and employment generated from MFP collection with those derived from agriculture and allied activities. Statistical analyses, including t-tests, indicate that, while MFPs significantly contribute to the economy, their role is relatively smaller compared to agriculture. The constraint faced was analyzed by Garrett’s Ranking technique. The research underscores the need for nuanced policies that recognize the diverse economic activities within tribal communities, aiming to enhance market accessibility and value realization for MFPs. Strengthening co-operative societies, such as LAMPS, emerges as a strategic approach to empower tribal communities and foster inclusive development. In conclusion, the research provides a comprehensive understanding of the socio-economic intricacies of Siddi Tribes emphasizing the importance of MFPs in their livelihoods. The policy implications suggest avenues for sustainable forest management, market enhancement, and the strengthening of co-operative structures to ensure the well-being of Siddi communities and the preservation of ecological balance.
Detection of DDoS attacks in SDN with Siberian Tiger Optimization algorithm and deep learning
Authors: Al-Sarray Naseer Hameed Saadoon , Rahebi Javad , Demirhan Ayşe
Published: March 2024

The Software-defined Networking (SDN) system plays a crucial role in efficiently overseeing the Internet network by segregating the control and data planes. In the SDN, the controller manages and determines the policy in sending data and setting the SDN switches. Despite the significant advantages, the SDN network has security challenges. DDoS attacks are the main challenge in SDN networks. DDoS attacks primarily target the SDN controller to disrupt network performance. Intrusion detection systems in SDN networks need confidential methods for message exchange and coordination of controllers so that they can exchange the blacklist of attacking addresses with each other. In this manuscript, we introduce an approach utilizing 1D CNN and LSTM networks for detecting attacks in the SDN network, incorporating blacklist information hidden in images. In the first stage, game theory and deep learning based on GAN are used to increase attack detection accuracy in each SDN controller to balance the data set. In the second stage, each controller uses 1D CNN to extract the primary features, and the Siberian tiger optimization (STO) algorithm is applied to enhance the efficiency of this deep learning network. In the third step, the STO algorithm selects the optimal features. Finally, the LSTM network classifies traffic by receiving the selected features. SDN controllers use image encryption to increase privacy and security for exchanging and sharing blacklists. The tests performed in Python and on datasets UNSW-NB15, CIC-IDS2017, and NSL-KDD are 99.49%, 99.86%, and 99.91%. The proposed method GAN-CL-STO demonstrates higher accuracy in detecting network attacks compared to the CNN-LSTM, HODNN+CRF, 1D CNN, PSO-1D CNN, and 1D CNN+BiLSTM methods. The suggested approach for identifying attacks in SDN is more accurate than WOA, HHO, and COA feature selection methods.
Wi-SensiNet: Through-Wall Human Activity Recognition Based on WiFi Sensing
Authors: Xiaoyi Fu , Chenlu Wang , Shenglin Li
Published: March 2024

With the advancement of Wi-Fi sensing technology, its significant benefits in convenient operation and privacy protection have become apparent, particularly in fields like smart homes, medical monitoring, and security surveillance, where the application prospects of Human Activity Recognition (HAR) technology are increasingly broad.
This study focuses on a novel approach to HAR using Wi-Fi Channel State Information (CSI), especially under complex conditions such as Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) paths and through-wall transmissions.
Traditionally, most research has concentrated on Line of Sight (LoS) path HAR, sensitive to environmental changes, while the NLoS path signals, especially through-wall signals, present unpredictability due to weak reflections caused by walls.
Addressing this issue, we propose Wi-SensiNet, an innovative deep learning-based method that combines the spatial feature extraction capabilities of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with the temporal sequence processing power of Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory networks (BiLSTM).
This method also incorporates an attention mechanism to enhance the accuracy of human activity recognition in complex environments.
Wi-SensiNet is specially designed for through-wall settings, effectively handling the complexity of CSI data, and achieving accurate through-wall human activity detection.
In our experiments, we collected a through-wall CSI dataset comprising seven common activities, including running, sitting, standing, squatting, falling, punching, and walking, and verified Wi-SensiNet's average accuracy exceeded 99\% on the original test set.
These results not only demonstrate the model's robustness and high accuracy in handling HAR tasks in complex environments but also highlight the potential of CNN and BiLSTM working in tandem to enhance performance.
7β-estradiol protects esophageal epithelial injury against noxious refluxes-induced oxidative stress via SIRT3-MnSOD signaling
Authors: Wang Yanjuan , Chen Xiaosu , Chen Qi , Lin Lin , Jiang Liuqin , Tang Yurong , Jiang Ya , Ye Bixing
Published: March 2024

Estrogen and oxidative stress are associated with reflux esophagitis (RE) and its underlying complications. It has been reported that 17β-estradiol (E2) protects the esophageal mucosa via its antioxidant properties. Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) is a member of the Sirtuin family that protects against diseases related to oxidative stress. We hypothesized that E2 protects against esophageal epithelial injury induced by noxious refluxes by activating the SIRT3 signaling pathway. In human esophageal epithelial cells (Het-1A), acidic bile salts (BA/A) at a 200 µM concentration damaged the cell barrier function, which was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, E2 (200 nM) treatment reversed these findings. BA/A-induced ROS originated from mitochondria and NADPH oxidases, with mitochondrial ROS having a more significant impairing effect on cell barrier function. E2 treatment upregulated SIRT3 expression and activity, subsequently leading to manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) deacetylation and ROS downregulation under BA/A conditions. Moreover, the protective role of E2 was abolished by the inhibition of SIRT3. In addition, E2 upregulated SIRT3 expression via ERβ. Rats were successfully subjected to an esophagoduodenostomy operation and subsequently treated with or without E2 ex vitro. The results showed an increased SIRT3 expression, decreased MnSOD acetylation, and upregulated ERβ expression. Our research demonstrates that E2 treatment protects against esophageal epithelial injury by reducing BA/A-induced oxidative stress by activating the ERβ-SIRT3-MnSOD signaling pathway.
Acaricide effect of native and exotic plants from the Brazilian savanna on Rhipicephalus microplus-resistant ticks with notes on the acaricide resistance of tick populations collected in southeast Brazil
Authors: Zaldivar Maykelin Fuentes , Bastianetto Eduardo , Filho Adalberto Alves Pereira , Rodrigues Daniel Sobreira , Júnior Valdo Soares Martins , Vasconcelos Viviane Oliveira , Duarte Eduardo Robson , Araujo Ricardo Nascimento
Published: March 2024

Rhipicephalus microplus is among the most important ectoparasites for livestock. The use of chemical acaricides has raised some concerns due to the selection of tick populations that are resistant to acaricides and environmental contamination. Therefore, plant extracts have been used as alternatives for the treatment of animals infested with ticks. In this study, R. microplus populations from seven different dairy farms were collected and assessed for their resistance to acaricides. Larvae of the most resistant population was used in assays to evaluate the acaricide effect of extracts from leaves or the latex of eight plant species commonly found in Brazilian dairy farms. The most active extracts were also tested against fully engorged females. Among seven tick populations, five and three showed resistance level ≥ III for cypermethrin or trichlorfon, respectively. The most resistant population was used in mortality assays with the plants Piptadenia viridiflora, Annona crassiflora, Caryocar brasiliense, Ximenia americana, Schinopsis brasilienses, Mangifera indica, Tithonia diversifolia, and Calotropis procera. C. procera was the most effective against larvae with mortalities of 62.9 and 44.9% at 100 mg/mL with the latex and aqueous extract, respectively. The ethanolic extracts of C. brasiliense, S. brasilienses, and X. americana also had acaricide effects higher or similar to cypermethrin. When fully engorged females were tested, the aqueous extract of C. procera showed a 96.8% efficiency. Four of the plants tested showed promising results, and further studies should be carried out for the development of tools to control R. microplus in cattle.
The Variation of Passenger Loading within the Train and over the Time
Authors: Li Hule , Fujiyama Taku
Published: March 2024

To utilize the existing railroad transportation to solve the congestion problem, more knowledge is needed about the variation of passengers in the coaches. This study investigates passenger variation in coaches based on data from trains arriving at London Bridge station on three selected routes, Hayes, Bexleyheath and Sidcup. Specifically, the variation in coach loading with time and other factors were analyzed. These factors were also analyzed by linear and polynomial regression. According to the results of the data processing, the passenger loading variation is more closely related to the relationship between the station and the loading mean difference of the loading of the adjacent stations, while the factor of the time to arrive London Bridge Station from the originating station, is not necessarily related to the variation of the coach loading. The knowledge gained examines the variation of coach passengers and will be useful in designing railway stations and planning their operation.
Deciphering the Dynamics of a Younger Dryas Rock Avalanche in the Bernese Alps
Authors: Bucher Giacomina , Dieleman Catharina , Ivy-Ochs Susan , Aaron Jordan , Vockenhuber Christof , Akçar Naki
Published: March 2024

Large rock avalanches play a key role in shaping alpine landscapes. However, the complex interplay between mass movement and other surface processes poses challenges in identifying these deposits and understanding the underlying process controls. Here, we focus on the rock avalanche deposits of the Lurnigalp Valley in the Bernese Alps (Switzerland), originally mapped as till. The Lurnigalp is a U-shaped tributary valley located in the southwest of Adelboden, Canton Bern. To explore the timing and dynamics of the rock avalanche event, we employed detailed remote and field mapping, sedimentary petrology, surface exposure dating with cosmogenic 36Cl, and runout modelling with DAN3D®. For the reconstruction of the chronology, we analyzed cosmogenic 36Cl in surface samples from 15 boulders of the rock avalanche deposit. We developed three distinct scenarios to investigate the dynamics and contextual conditions of the rock avalanche event. In the first two scenarios, we hypothesize that the rock avalanche occurred in a valley devoid of ice. In contrast, the third scenario presents a different setting where a hypothetical glacier is posited to have occupied the upper sections of the valley. In brief, we anticipate that a rock mass of ca. 6 Mm3 of rock mass composed of limestone and sandstone was released from a limestone cliff at 12 ± 2 ka during the Younger Dryas. The collapsed rock mass fell into the ice-free valley floor, ran up the opposite valley side and was deflected towards the northeast following the valley orientation. The rock mass stopped after 2.2 km leaving approximately 6.4 Mm3 deposits spread across the entire valley floor. Subsequently, most of the rock avalanche deposits have been reworked by periglacial activity. We conclude that structural features (bedding, fault), lithology and glacial erosion were involved in the weakening of the in-situ bedrock that finally led to the collapse. Our study not only enhances our understanding of rock avalanche mechanisms and their profound impact on Alpine landscape evolution but also elucidates the complex interplay of geological processes that led to the collapse and altered the rock avalanche deposits afterwards.