bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of complications after plastics of vesico-vaginal fistulas with a preoperative application of autoplasma, enriched with platelets
Authors:   Kuban state medical University of Ministry of healthcare of the Russian Federation, Krasnodar, Russia, Medvedev V.L. , Opolsky A.M. ,   Regional clinical hospital №1 named after professor S.V. Ochapovskii of the Ministry of health of the Krasnodar region; Krasnodar, Russia, Kogan M.I. ,   Rostov state medical University of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation; Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Vesicovaginal fistula, or VVF, is one of the most urgent and sociomedically significant problems in modern urology. As of today, more than three million women suffer from VVF worldwide. Purpose of the study. To evaluate the risk factors for complications in a group of patients with VVF operated with the preliminary use of platelet-rich plasm, or PRP. Materials and methods. Study included 22 patients who underwent surgical closure of VVF in period from 2011 to 2018 with the preliminary preparation of PRP tissues. A total of 22 patients were divided into two groups: the 1st group included 14 patients who had no complications, while the 2nd group included eight women with developed complications. Results. Statistically significant differences in the assessment of clinical characteristics of patients in the two groups were observed for the following indicators: duration of hospitalization (p<0.01), duration of bladder drainage (p<0.01). Urinary tract infection, or UTI, was identified more often in the group with complications (p<0.05). Presence of hypertension (p<0.05), pain syndrome (p<0.05), macrohematuria (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences in the assessment of characteristics of vesicovaginal fistula of patients in the two groups were observed for four indicators: distance between the fistula and the internal urethral orifice (p<0.05), the largest diameter of the fistula (p<0.05), the stage of сicatrization (p<0.05), the diameter of the fistula before surgical treatment (p<0.01). Conclusion. Results of the study dictate the need for an operating surgeon to carefully select the timing and volume of surgical treatment, taking into account many factors mentioned above. Patients should be made aware in detail of possible complications that might arise following VVF fistuloplasty and the reasons for their development in order to adequately prepare for surgical treatment, compensate for concomitant diseases, optimize tissues and blood vessels for better healing of the postoperative wound.
Ileumconduit modification by Bricker – Li-Kotb technique
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Institution «Clinical Hospital» office of the president, Eliseev D.E. ,   Moscow, Russia, Bekiev Ya.D. ,   N. Lopatkin Research Institute of urology and Interventional Radiology – branch of the National Medical Research Centre of Radiology of Ministry of health of Russian Federation; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The choice of method of urine derivation is main question after removal of the urinary bladder. Materials and methods. The choice of the method of urine derivation is based on the indications and contraindications to a particular method, the patient's wishes, his somatic status and individual anatomical features, as well as kidney function. Bricker procedure is the most used form of incontinent urine derivation. 10% of patients after the formation of Bricker ileumconduitis have complications from anastomoses, most often-left ileo-ureteral anastomosis. Li Y. et al. modified the standard procedure for the formation of ileal conduit in order to minimize complications associated with left ileo-ureteral anastomosis. Description of a clinical case. The article presents a clinical case of using Li-Kotb modification technique of ileal conduit. Discussion. Due to the presence of a single functioning left kidney in the patient, we sought to provide reliable urine derivation. Therefore, we leaned towards a modified method of forming of ileal conduit using Li-Kotb method, rather than the classical technique. Conclusion. According to the authors of the method, the modified Bricker ileal conduit formation technique is safe, reproducible and reduces the risk of failure and stricture of the left ileo-ureteral anastomosis.
Features of surgical treatment of obstruction of the pyeloureteral segment of the lower half of the doubled kidney against the background of incomplete doubling of the upper urinary tract
Authors:   «Rostov State Medical University of the Minzdrav of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, Sizonov V.V. , Bondarenko S.G. ,   Clinical Emergency Hospital № 7, Volgograd, Russia, Kagantsov I.M. ,   Republican Children’s Clinical Hospital; Syktyvkar, Russia, Dubrov V.I. ,   2nd Children’s Hospital; Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Kuzovleva G.I. ,   Children's City Clinical Hospital №9; Moscow, Russia, Shidaev A.Kh. ,   Rostov State Medical University; Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The combination duplication of upper urinary tract with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a rather rare anomaly with a frequency of 2-7% among all UPJO. The rather low frequency of occurrence of UPJO in the duplex kidney and the variability of its anatomical variants determine the absence of standardized approaches to the choice of the method of plastic intervention. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of surgical treatment of 26 children with UPJO in the lower pole of a duplex kidney over the past 20 years in 7 clinics of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. Children are divided into 3 groups depending on the type of surgical technique. Group 1 – dismembered pyeloplasty of the lower pole with the formation of an end-to-end anastomosis between the pelvis and the ureter of the lower pole. Group 2 – ureteropyeloanastomosis side-to-side between the ureter of the upper pole and the pelvis of the lower pole. Group 3 – dismembered pyeloplasty of the lower pole end-to-end with a common ureter with simultaneous formation of a submerged ureteropyeloanastomosis end-to-side between the ureter of the upper pole and the pelvis of the lower pole. Results. Postoperative complications of varying severity according to Clavien-Dindo were observed in 4 (15.4%) children. 3 (11.5%) patients required repeated pyeloplasty. The immersive anastomosis in group 3 patients functioned satisfactorily in all cases. Conclusion. The experience of surgical treatment of UPJO in the lower pole of the duplex kidney demonstrates a higher recurrence rate compared to standard pyeloplasty. The variability of the anatomical features of the UPJO of the lower pole of the duplex kidney determines the need for a personalized approach to the choice of the UPJO reconstruction technique.
Delayed primary bladder’s closure in children with exstrophy, microcystis
Authors:   N. A. Lopatkin research Institute of urology and interventional radiology – the branch of the National medical research centre radiology of the Ministry of health of Russia, Rudin Yu.E. ,   Moscow, Russia, Sokolov Yu.Yu. ,   Russian medical Academy continuous professional education of the Ministry of health of Russia; Moscow, Russia, Rudin A.Yu. ,   St. Vladimir's Moscow children's clinical hospital; Moscow, Russia, Marukhnenko D.V. ,   N. A. Lopatkin research Institute of urology and interventional radiology – the branch of the National medical research centre radiology of the Ministry of health of Russia; Moscow, Russia, Runenko V.I. ,   St. Vladimir's Moscow children's clinical hospital; Moscow, Russia, Kirsanov A.S. ,   St. Vladimir's Moscow children's clinical hospital; Moscow, Russia, Kartseva E.V. ,   St. Vladimir's Moscow children's clinical hospital; Moscow, Russia, Medvedeva N.V. ,   St. Vladimir's Moscow children's clinical hospital; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The small size of the bladder plate is a poor prognostic sign for successful treatment of exstrophy. Primary closure in newborns and infants with microcystisis often accompanied by complications and relapses; there for, the approach to the treatment of this group of patients requires a more detailed analysis. The aim of the study. Identify advantages and disadvantages of delayed primary closure surgery in patients with bladder exstrophy and microcystis. Materials and methods. During the period from 1994 to 2020, 265 children with bladder exstrophy were subjected to surgery, 123 patients were newborns. There were 37 children with microcystis (bladders plate <3 cm). In 30 children, primary closure was performed at the newborn age. Seven patients with microcystis were subjected to everyday manual and mechanical stretching of the bladder and injections of botulinotoxin type A into the bladder plate (2-3 times) for 1-2 years. In 5 children the size of the bladder plate was increased from 3 cm to 6 cm, they were underwenteded delayed primary closure at the age of 1-2 years, supplemented by ureteroneoimplantation, bladder neck reconstruction, with bilateral osteotomy. Results. Complications of primary closure in patients operated on during the neonatal period (30) such as relapse of the exstrophywere observed in 10 patients (33.3%) and partial wound dehiscence in 3 children (10%). In patients with microcystis that underwent delayed primary closure after stretching the bladder, there was no relapse of exstrophy, and growth of the bladder was observed. Conclusions. In our opinion, delayed primary closure of the bladder in children with microcystis after mechanical stretching of the bladder plate in combination with injections of botulinum toxin type A into the detrusor can improve the results of correction of exstrophy.
Laparoscopic contractattachments with the formation of ilocandia in pelvic dystopia of the kidneys in muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors:   ederal State Budgetary Institution «Russian Scientific Center for Roentgenoradiology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Pavlov A.Yu. ,   Moscow, Russia, Dzidzaria A.G. ,   ederal State Budgetary Institution «Russian Scientific Center for Roentgenoradiology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Moscow, Russia, Kravtsov I.B. ,   ederal State Budgetary Institution «Russian Scientific Center for Roentgenoradiology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Moscow, Russia, Tsybulsky A.D. ,   ederal State Budgetary Institution «Russian Scientific Center for Roentgenoradiology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Moscow, Russia, Fastovets S.V. ,   ederal State Budgetary Institution «Russian Scientific Center for Roentgenoradiology» of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. According to autopsies, the frequency of unilateral kidney dystopia ranges from 1:660 to 1: 1000, with an average of 1:800 newborns, and lumbar dystopia is more common, mainly in boys. The left kidney is dystopian more often than the right. Bilateral dystopia is rare. In the structure of cancer incidence in the Russian population, bladder cancer ranks 9th among men and 17th among women. When analyzing the literature data, we did not find any recommendations for methods of urine derivation in patients with diagnosed bladder cancer in pelvic kidney dystopia. Materials and methods. Clinical case. A patient with a diagnosis of bladder cancer сT3bN0M0G1 associated with concomitant abnormality of the kidneys and urinary tract (pelvic kidney dystopia with shortening of the ureters) was admitted to the Department of oncourology of the Federal state budgetary institution RSCRR. The decision was made on the implementation of laparoscopic radical contractattachments, with an attempt of derivation of urine (formation ureteroileostomy) by Bricker. Intraoperatively: given the short length of the ureters, the location of the kidneys, it was decided to impose an end-to-end anastomosis of the ileoconduit with the pelvis of the right kidney, ureteroileoanastomosis end-to-side on the left. Based on the results of histological examination, the final clinical diagnosis was made: рТ2bN1М0G1R-. Results. 3 months after surgical treatment, no complications were observed, according to control studies, both anastomoses are passable. The planned adjuvant pоlichemotherapy (PCT) has been completed. There are no data for disease progression in the control examination. Conclusion. The method of urine removal is determined intraoperatively. In this patient, the condition and length of the right ureter did not allow performing classical ureteroileoanastomosis (end-to-end), and therefore pyeloileoanastomosis was performed on the right. On the left, the length of the ureter made it possible to perform end-to-side ureteroileoanastomosis, but only if the ileoconduit was removed to the left side.
Comparison of the clinical efficacy of holmium and thulium ureterolithotripsy
Authors:   City Centre Endoscopic Urology and New Technologies Clinical Hospital of St. Luke, Popov S.V. ,   St. Petersburg, Russia, Orlov I.N. ,   City Centre Endoscopic Urology and New Technologies Clinical Hospital of St. Luke; St. Petersburg, Russia, Sytnik D.A. ,   City Centre Endoscopic Urology and New Technologies Clinical Hospital of St. Luke; St. Petersburg, Russia, Suleimanov M.M. ,   City Centre Endoscopic Urology and New Technologies Clinical Hospital of St. Luke; St. Petersburg, Russia, Emelianenko A.V. ,   City Centre Endoscopic Urology and New Technologies Clinical Hospital of St. Luke; St. Petersburg, Russia, Grin E.A. ,   City Centre Endoscopic Urology and New Technologies Clinical Hospital of St. Luke; St. Petersburg, Russia, Pestryakov I.Yu. ,   City Centre Endoscopic Urology and New Technologies Clinical Hospital of St. Luke; St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Urolithiasis is one of the most common pathologies in modern urology. This disease is registered in 10% of the population and is manifested by an annual increase. Despite all the effectiveness and safety of Ho:YAG, in recent years, the thulium laser has attracted more and more interest. At the moment, in the modern literature there is not enough information about thulium and holmium ureterolithotripsy. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of thulium and holmium ureterolithotripsy. Material and Methods. Since from October 2018 to October 2019 in City Centre Endoscopic Urology and New Technologies Clinical Hospital of St. Luke; St. Petersburg, 420 patients underwent contact ureterolithotripsy with using of thulium (group Б) or holmium (group А) lasers for calculi localized in the ureter. Results. Patients in group B had an advantage in terms of such indicators as the time of surgery, the time of lithotripsy in the Dusting and Fragmentation modes for ureteral calculi of any localization compared with group A. The SFR level in the two groups was relatively identical. Patients in group B had a lower rate of retropulsion during lithotripsy compared to patients in group A. And also in group B there was no migration of calculus into the renal cavity system. Conclusion. Our data indicate the same level of stone free rate when using both thulium and holmium lasers in the dusting and fragmentation modes. However, there is a higher efficiency during ureterolithotripsy using a thulium laser compared to ureterolithotripsy using a holmium laser, regardless of the lithotripsy mode.
Results of the application of the herbal complex Renotinex® in patients with urolithiasis in the early postoperative period
Authors:   Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogova, Kotov S.V. ,   Moscow, Russia, Nemenov A.A. ,   ussian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogova; Moscow, Russia, Boeva I.D. ,   ussian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogova; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The article analyzes the results of the clinical application of the herbal complex Renotinex®, which helps to normalize the function of the urinary tract, reduce pain, remove small stones from the kidneys and reduce the risk of recurrent stone formation. Materials and methods. At the University Clinic of Urology, Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, a prospective, single-center, randomized study was carried out from November 2019 to March 2020. All patients underwent contact ureterolithotripsy. The patients were divided evenly into 2 groups: group A (n = 30) – patients receiving Renotinex® from the first day after surgery (within 1 month), and group B (n = 30) – a control group of patients not receiving specific therapy. Results. After 1 month of continuous use of the drug, there was an increase in the percentage of calculi discharge after contact ureterolithotripsy, a decrease in the severity of pain, normalization of the temperature curve and the absence of subfebrile condition in all patients. Conclusion. Renotinex® has a lithokinetic effect, its active ingredients contribute to the prevention of infectious and inflammatory complications of urolithiasis.
Quality of life in patients with ureterolithiasis
Authors:   «Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov» of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Protoschak V.V. ,   St. Petersburg, Russia, Paronnikov M.V. ,   «Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov» of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation; St. Petersburg, Russia, Kiselev A.O. ,   «Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov» of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation; St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. In modern scientific literature it is becoming increasingly popular to study Quality of Life (QoL) index as an integral indicator of the entire therapeutic complex. QoL along with physical examination, laboratory and instrumental tests allows a doctor to fully assess patient’s condition. That is why the QoL researches has been recently become more and more widespread in the scientific papers. Aim. The aim of this study was to determine applicability of the Wisconsin Stone Quality of Life Questionnaire (WISQOL) and the SF-36 General Questionnaire for evaluating treatment outcomes and postoperative follow-up in patients with ureterolithiasis. Materials and methods. 123 patients with diagnosed urolithiasis (ureteral stone) were included in the study. Clinical efficacy of the shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) and contact (laser) ureterolithotripsy (CLT) was assessed after 1 week, 1 and 3 months using stone free rate (SFR). To analyze clinical factors influencing patients QoL, differences in the WISQOL and SF-36 total scores and scores before and after treatment were compared. At the third step, the dynamics of QoL indicators at different stages of treatment was analyzed. Results. The SFR at 1 week, 1 and 3 months after SWL and CLT were 47,1%, 58,8%, 72,5% and 6,4%, 84,7, 93,1% respectively. Gender, age, stone size and the Stone Free Rate achieved during treatment had a significant effect on QoL (p <0.05), while localization and density of a stone showed no effect. According to the WISQOL and SF-36 questionnaire, 1 week after CLT patients had lower levels of QoL, than after SWL (p < 0.05), but after 1 month the QoL for SWL and CLT reached the same levels and by 3 months became submaximal. Conclusions. Despite the higher rates of clinical efficacy, CLT showed lower QoL levels in the early postoperative period. Male sex, age up to 40 years, stone size more than 7 mm, and not achieved SFR during treatment contribute to lower QoL. To assess the dynamics of QoL levels in patients with ureterolithiasis, it is advisable to use the WISQOL.
ustification of the optimal scheme of shock wave therapy for vasculogenic erectile dysfunction
Authors:   «Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center» Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Burdin K.A. ,   Moscow, Russia, Kyzlasov P.S. ,   «Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center» Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia; Moscow, Russia, Mustafayev A.T. ,   «Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center» Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia; Moscow, Russia, Martov A.G. ,   «Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center» Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Shock wave therapy (SWT) has been used quite successfully to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). However, the question of the optimal SWT regimen for the treatment of erectile dysfunction remains unresolved and is the subject of discussion among both physicians and manufacturers of medical equipment. Purpose of the study. Develop and substantiate the most effective SWT regimen for the treatment of erectile dysfunction, based on the analysis of 28 scientific clinical studies. Metrials and methods. To solve the problem, we analyzed 28 scientific clinical studies containing data on the use of shock wave therapy in the treatment of vasculogenic ED in a clinical setting. Results. In the field of research, we developed and substantiated the SWT scheme for the treatment of vasculogenic ED. The scheme consists of a 9-week course (3 – therapy, 3 – break, 3 – therapy), contains 12 procedures (2 procedures per week); impulses are applied to 5 points, 500 impulses each (2500 per procedure); the total number of impulses per course is 30,000. Conclusions. Thus, we have proposed a differential approach to the choice SWT regimen for the treatment of vasculogenic ED. Conservative tactics involves the use of medications (primarily PDE-5). Nevertheless, SWT can and should be applied within the framework of this tactic, and the optimal scheme is established mathematically by analyzing the literature data. Within the framework of a differentiated approach, we have determined the optimal schemes for conducting shock wave therapy in the treatment of vasculogenic erectile dysfunction.
Treatment of obstructive uropathy in pregnant women: experience of a multidisciplinary Moscow hospital
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Kotov S.V. , Perov R.A. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Belomyttsev S.V. ,   Clinical hospital named after V.V. Vinogradov, Moscow, Russia, Pulbere S.A. ,   City clinical hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov, Moscow, Russia, Nizin P.Yu. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. The lack of a clear algorithm of actions in pregnant women with obstructive uropathies often leads to a large number of unjustified drains that significantly reduce the quality of life of patients. The purpose of our study was to retrospectively evaluate the management of pregnant women in this group at different gestation periods. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of 290 pregnant women with obstructive uropathy was performed. The average age of patients was 27,4 years (min – 17, max – 40). The average gestation period is 21,4 weeks (min – 5, max – 35). All patients (n=290) according to the variants of obstructive uropathy were divided into 3 groups: group I – pregnant with a clinical picture of gestational pyelonephritis and the presence of retention of the upper urinary tract (n=162), group II – pregnant with the presence of retention of the upper urinary tract without signs of a systemic inflammatory reaction (n=86), group III – pregnant with diagnosed urolithiasis (n=42). Results. In all groups, conservative treatment was performed in 109 (37,6%) patients, operative treatment in the volume of internal ureteral stent placement was performed in 166 (57,2%) patients, in the volume of percutaneous puncture nephrostomy – in 4 (1,4%) patients, and operative treatment of urolithiasis for urgent indications – in 11 (3,8%) cases. The vast majority of pregnant women with diagnosed urolithiasis (n=34; 81,0%) were operated during gestation. The average bed-day of patients from all groups was 4.2 (min-1, max-15). All hospitalizations ended with discharge. Discussion. The results of the treatment of obstructive uropathy in pregnant women obtained in the course of the work are comparable with the available literature data. Early detection and treatment of urolithiasis during gestation is justified and leads to a decrease in the risks of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. The need to perform drainage operations for obstructive uropathy in pregnant women, according to our data, does not exceed 60%, in other cases, a positive effect is achievable with conservative therapy. If drainage is required, the latter should be short-term. Conclusion. Not every pregnant woman with retention of the upper urinary tract should be drained, and most patients do not need long-term drainage. In addition, surgical treatment of urolithiasis in pregnant women is effective and safe at any gestation period.
Minimally invasive treatment of iatrogenic ureter injury after gynecological surgery
Authors:   tate Clinical Hospital named after M.P. Konchalovsky of Moscow, Tsyganov S.V. ,   Moscow, Russia, Safazada R.R. ,   tate Clinical Hospital named after M.P. Konchalovsky of Moscow; Moscow, Russia, Sobolev A.S. ,   tate Clinical Hospital named after M.P. Konchalovsky of Moscow; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Iatrogenic trauma of the ureters accounts for 1-5.7% of all injuries to the organs of the genitourinary system, it is this that presents the greatest difficulty for diagnosis and the greatest danger in terms of the rate and frequency of development of severe, life-threatening complications (phlegmon of the retroperitoneal space, urinary peritonitis, sepsis. Description of the clinical case. Patient A., 47 years old. On June 17, 2019, laparoscopic uterine extirpation was performed for fibroids. 06/22/2019, iatrogenic injury of the lower third of the left ureter was diagnosed. Percutaneous puncture nephrostomy on the left was performed as the first stage for urine diversion. At the second stage, ureteroscopy on the left was performed, in which a burn zone was determined in the lower third of the left ureter, up to 0.5 cm in length with a defect of 1/3 of the ureteral circumference. Left kidney stenting was performed. After 2 months, the ureteral stent was replaced. At control computed tomography (4 months after surgery), the left ureter was contrasted along the entire length, no urodynamic disturbances were revealed. Discussion. Open surgical interventions for iatrogenic trauma of the ureter are long and traumatic, require a long rehabilitation period, accompanied by social maladjustment of patients, therefore the use of X-ray endoscopic methods of treatment is an effective and alternative method of treating this pathology. Conclusion. In this case, timely detection of iatrogenic damage to the ureter made it possible to perform an effective minimally invasive surgical treatment, which saved the patient from possible severe complications.
Renal cell carcinoma in patients on hemodialysis treatment
Authors:   State hospital № 52, Moscow Department of Health, Trushkin R.N. ,   Moscow, Russia, Lubennikov A.E. ,   State hospital № 52, Moscow Department of Health; Moscow, Russia, Isaev T.K. ,   State hospital № 52, Moscow Department of Health; Moscow, Russia, Berezhnaya E.E. ,   State hospital № 52, Moscow Department of Health; Moscow, Russia, Kotenko O.N. ,   State hospital № 52, Moscow Department of Health; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. In patients with end-stage chronic renal failure (ESRD), renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is detected more often than in the general population. In order to improve the results of treatment of this category of patients, we conducted a retrospective analysis of our own experience. Materials and methods. In the period from 2010 to 2020, 26 patients undergoing hemodialysis underwent a nephrectomy for RСС in the State hospital № 52, Moscow Department of Health. To identify predictors of RCC, 100 patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment over the specified period were randomly selected as a control group. Results. Significant risk factors for RСС were only male (AOR 5.1; 95%CI 1.34-14.4; p=0.015) and acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD), (AOR 3.2; 95% CI 1.56-16.43; p=0.008). There was a bimodal increase in the frequency of RСС: in the first year after the start of hemodialysis and 5 years later. After nephrectomy, only in one case there was bleeding due to systemic hypocoagulation. Hyperkalemia was observed in 5 (19.2%) patients immediately after laparoscopic nephrectomy. Based on the TNM stage, the UICC nomogram (University of California Los Angeles Integrated Staging System) and the Leibovich score, a favorable cancer prognosis was observed in 17 (65.4%) patients. The median follow - up for patients after nephrectomy was 20 months (Q1-Q3: 8.5- 45 months), the minimum period was 2 months, and the maximum period was 72 months. In no case was there any progression of RCC. Conclusion. Male patients with ACDK are at high risk of developing RCC. After laparoscopic nephrectomy shown to control the level of potassium the blood. The vast majority of patients after surgical treatment have a favorable oncological prognosis and may be considered for kidney transplantation without an additional follow-up period.
Robot-assisted and laparoscopic access for partial nephrectomy: experience of one clinic
Authors:   Moscow Clinical Scientific Center named after A.S. Loginov, Zingerenko M.B. ,   Moscow, Russia, Gazaryan M.A. ,   Moscow Clinical Scientific Center named after A.S. Loginov; Moscow, Russia, Ivanov A.G. ,   Moscow Clinical Scientific Center named after A.S. Loginov; Moscow, Russia, Goncharov A.V. ,   Moscow Clinical Scientific Center named after A.S. Loginov; Moscow, Russia, Khatkov I.E. ,   Moscow Clinical Scientific Center named after A.S. Loginov; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. In the last 20 years there are an annual increase in the incidence of renal cell carcinoma (about 2%) in the world. According to the standards of international clinical guidelines for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma in stage T1 kidney tumors (≤7 cm), it is advisable to resort to organ-sparing methods of treatment. Purpose. The aim of the study was to compare the results of organ-sparing surgical treatment of patients with kidney tumors: robotic partial nephrectomy (RPN) and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN). Materials and Methods. The study presents a retrospective analysis of the results of surgical treatment of 153 patients who underwent surgical treatment for rental cell carcinoma at MCSS named after A.S. Looginov for the period from 2015 to 2019 by a robot-assisted (group I) and laparoscopic method (group II). Results. The operation time in patients of both groups did not differ statistically. The volume of blood loss and the time of warm ischemia are significantly greater in patients from group II. The length of hospital stay did not differ significantly in both groups. The gradient of decrease in creatinine clearance in the postoperative period is significantly higher in patients of group II. The positive surgical margin was significantly more common in patients of group II. Discussion. According to the authors, the use of a robotic system when performing a partial nephrectomy makes it possible to achieve fewer general complications when performing operations of medium and high degrees of complexity. Conclusions. RPN is a priority alternative to LPN by reducing the time of warm ischemia and the volume of blood loss, and also provides reliable oncological results.
Endoscopic removal of a papillary tumor of the ureter in a patient with polyneoplasia
Authors:   A.I. Burnazyan Federal state medical center of FMBA of Russia, Martov A.G. , Ergakov D.V. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal state medical center of FMBA of Russia, Muzhetskaya N.G. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal state medical center of FMBA of Russia, Biktimirov R.G. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal state medical center of FMBA of Russia, Andronov A.S. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal state medical center of FMBA of Russia, Shoaydarov M.A. ,   A.I. Burnazyan Federal state medical center of FMBA of Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Detection of metachronic tumors in patients who underwent radical surgery for oncological reasons is extremely important not only in oncology, but also in medicine in general. In this report, we present a case of clinical manifestation of urothelial carcinoma of the right ureter 21 months after the removal of melanoma and 6 months after radical prostatectomy. Materials and methods. A rare case of a 55-year-old man with a diagnosed polyneoplasia (primary multiple malignant tumors) is demonstrated. A patient with a history of melanoma of the left suprascapular region and prostate cancer diagnosed a year later, subsequently developed a papillary tumor of the right ureter 6 months after it. The tumor of the ureter manifested by macrohematuria. Examination revealed a right-sided ureterohydronephrosis. Results. Computed virtual chromoendoscopy-assisted ureteroscopy provided not only an accurate diagnosis and improved visualization of the tumor borders but also a holmium laser vaporization of the ureter. Follow-up of the patient in the next 5 years revealed recurrence neither of melanoma and prostate cancer, nor urothelial cancer of the right ureter or the bladder. Discussion. This clinical case is interesting due to the rare combination of three cancers in one patient within a relatively short time interval. The use of modern optical and computer technologies made it possible not only to carry out early diagnosis of papillary ureteral cancer, but also to carry out a more radical removal of the tumor. Conclusion. This observation illustrates the necessity of a thorough evaluation of cancer patients without adherence to the site of the primary disease.
Prognostic factors for erectile function recovery in patients after radical prostatectomy.
Authors:   RMACPE, Veliev R.A. ,   Moscow, Russia, Veliev E.I. ,   State clinical hospital named after S.P. Botkin; Moscow, Russia, Sokolov E.A. ,   State clinical hospital named after S.P. Botkin; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of young patients diagnosed with prostate cancer. Therefore, it is important to maximize the preservation of erectile and sexual function for this category of patients after treatment with prostate cancer. Materials and methods. This article presents an analysis of data from 117 patients after radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer 6 months after surgery. We evaluated the effect of surgical access, the use of nerve-saving techniques (NST), and other factors on the restoration of erectile function (ЕF). Results. In addition to the younger age of patients at the time of surgery, as well as the use of nerve-sparing techniques, predictors of better erectile function after surgery include a higher level of erectile function before surgery on the IIEF-EF scale, as well as surgical access - we have revealed the advantage of robotic-assisted surgery on the prostate gland. Discussion. Currently, many scientific publications are devoted to identifying factors affecting the rеcovery of EF after radical prostatectomy, while the authors emphasize the positive effect of the relatively young age of the patient, preserved erectile function before surgery and the absence of concomitant diseases on the restoration of EF. Our study also confirms the importance of the RP method: the best results in the rehabilitation of sexual life were obtained when performing a robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and using a nerve-sparing technique. Conclusions. Further monitoring of patients is required to determine the dependence of the restoration of erectile function on the time elapsed after surgery, as well as to assess the role of risk factors at a later date after surgery.
Hemorrhagic cystitis in women: diagnostic features and treatment
Authors:   «Russian medical Academy of continuing professional education» Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Sinyakova L.A. , Loran O.B. ,   «Russian medical Academy of continuing professional education» Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, Kosova I.V. ,   «City clinical hospital named by V.P. Demikhov of the Department of health of the City of Moscow»; Moscow, Russia, Kolbasov D.N. ,   «City clinical hospital named by V.P. Demikhov of the Department of health of the City of Moscow»; Moscow, Russia, Nezovibatko Ya.I. ,   State clinical hospital №29 named after N.E. Bauman in Moscow; Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) is a complex thing to do, due to the difficulties in diagnosing the causes of UTI and identifying risk factors for recurrence of the disease. Objective. To study the causes of hemorrhagic cystitis, develop an algorithm for examining these patients, and select a rational therapy. Materials and methods. A complex examination and treatment of 275 patients with a clinical picture of hemorrhagic cystitis was performed. Patients with the absence of leukocyturia and bacteriuria additionally performed рolymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the first portion of urine (scraping from the urethra) for the presence of herpes simplex viruses of the 1 and 2 types (HSV of the 1 and 2 types), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human papillomavirus of high oncogenic risk (HPV)) in acute period, ELISA with determination of immunoglobulins G and M for HSV types 1 and 2, CMV and EBV, examination of vagina flora pathogens and sensitivity to antibiotics with essential indication of the number of lactobacilli. Results. There is an increase level of hemorrhagic cystitis in young patients, while in 64% of cases, the bacterial agent was not detected. An algorithm for the diagnosis of hemorrhagic cystitis of viral etiology has been developed, including examination of this category of patients for the presence of viral agents. In 37% of cases, the presence of chronic herpes and papillomavirus infection was proven. The use of antiviral therapy significantly reduced the number of recurrent UTI in this category of patients. Conclusions. Examination of patients with recurrent urinary tract infections should include the methods which confirm the viral nature of the disease.
Assessment of Quality of Passenger Transportation in the City of Volzhsky in Conformity with the Requirements of the Social Standard
Authors: Chernova G. A. , Velikanova M. V. , Kokshilov V. A.
Published: February 2021

The article considers organisation of transportation services for passengers with public transport followed by their quality assessment in conformity with the requirements of the social standard. The objective of the article is to determine quality of passenger transportation by a municipal passenger enterprise with buses of large and medium capacity and by individual entrepreneurs carrying out transportation with minibuses. The article uses reporting materials on transportation of passengers by municipal and private carriers. To achieve the purpose, quality indicators of passenger transportation by public transport were calculated using the methodology of the social standard approved by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation. The number of points for each indicator defined by the social standard for municipal carriers and individual entrepreneurs is determined, the results of relevant calculations are presented. The analysis of quality of passenger transportation services provided by municipal and private carriers was carried out. The quantitative characteristics of quality indicators values made it possible to determine the current state of passenger transportation services, identify shortcomings and make a forecast for improving quality of services. To improve quality of passenger transportation services, measures were proposed for bodies responsible for transportation and carriers.
Analysis of Quality of a Carrier’s Website to Increase Loyalty of Individual Customers
Authors: Yusupova O. A.
Published: February 2021

During the pandemic, the competition for the consumer has moved from the format of live communication to the plane of remote interaction in the global environment. The sphere of cargo transportation makes no exception for that, since a highly competitive market is characterized by the presence of many transport and logistics companies that to struggle for a client actively use remote technologies, the leading place among which belongs to the company’s website. From a marketing standpoint, the website is recognized as one of the leading sales tools. Freight carriers that base their activities on the principles of customer focus give priority attention to quality of their own website, and therefore development of a methodology for its assessment, which is the purpose of this study, is of relevance.

The website of a leading company was chosen as the object of the study, while the section of the website dedicated to providing service for transportation of groupage cargo under contracts with individual shippers was its subject.

The article proposes the author’s method of assessing quality of the website of freight carriers from the standpoint of customer focus. The methodology is based on the author’s system of general and special criteria describing quality of the website and assessed according to a 100-point scale of values and a tenpoint scale of significance for a respondent. The assessment method is an open survey of consumers in the Global Network. The developed methodology is universal and can be used by any cargo carrier to improve quality of transport services.

Within the framework of the methodology suggested in the article, it is possible to diagnose, based on customers’ opinions, the «bottlenecks» of the section of a company’s website devoted to providing the service. Reducing customers’ comments regarding the points awarded allowed the author to identify the reasons for lower ratings and to propose reasonable measures to update corporate website to improve quality of transport services.
Maintenance of Low-Intensity Railways in Modern Conditions
Authors: Kovalenko N. I. , Kovalenko N. A.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to clarification of the structure of maintenance of low-intensity railways by optimising infrastructure maintenance operational personnel using the example of Mikunsky infrastructure section of the Northern Infrastructure Directorate of Russian Railways. As an example of the distance for operation of infrastructure, the article considers Berlin section of infrastructure of German railways. The task of organising the activities of the infrastructure linear enterprise of the track complex, including track section workers (PC), signalling, centralisation and blocking (SCB) maintenance section personnel working within enlarged teams and emergency repairs teams equipped with service trains and KamAZ vehicles, is considered. For the analysis of information uncertainty, an information model is proposed, for which the risk is considered in the form of determining losses. At the stage of preliminary calculations, a change in the number of maintenance personnel will make it possible to obtain a reduction in operating costs.
Abstracts of D.Sc. and Ph.D. Theses
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: February 2021

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Monitoring the Technical Condition of AC Electric Locomotives using Traction Energy Consumption Rates
Authors: Semenov A. P. , Semchenko V. V. , Khromov I. Yu.
Published: February 2021

Currently, the methods of monitoring the technical condition of locomotives using data of on-board microprocessor-based control systems are widely used. This monitoring of Russia has become an operating technology of the locomotive maintenance and repair system.

The main problem of monitoring is the limited set of sensors in locomotive circuits. Increased number of sensors leads to a decrease in reliability and to an increase in the cost of a locomotive and of its life cycle, while allowing to achieve better quality of diagnostic information.

Besides, it is advisable to have integrated indicators of the technical condition of a locomotive. The article presents a computer software product for analysing the technical condition of a locomotive based on dynamic data on consumption of traction active power and generation of reactive power. The software was developed by using algorithmic language Visual BASIC for Applications, embedded in MS Excel, using probabilistic and statistical methods of analysis.

The method for diagnosing the technical condition of a locomotive within the monitoring system is based on a comparison of dynamics of consumption of active and generation of reactive power by two sections of the same locomotive according to the principle of functional benchmarking. For monitoring the technical condition of locomotives, the term «pre-failure» is suggested, which is defined as the operable condition of a locomotive while there are internal hidden defects or damage. Pre-failure manifests itself in power consumption. To analyse the technical condition of AC electric locomotives in terms of electricity consumption, the initial data must have a high degree of unimodality, which is determined by uniformity of operating conditions.

The resulting data obtained following the analysis of the technical condition of a locomotive based on the dynamic data on consumption of tractive active energy and generation of reactive power can be used to determine a defect that causes a change in consumption of electricity at the moment when the locomotive enters technical maintenance and repair depot. *Information about the authors: Semenov, Alexander P. – Ph.D. (Eng), General Director of JSC Research Institute of Technology, Control and Diagnostics of Railway Transport, Omsk, Russia, corp@niitkd.ru. Semchenko, Victor V. – Ph.D. (Eng), General Director of JSC Railroad Centre of Technology Implementation of Krasnoyarsk Railway, Krasnoyarsk, Russia, office@dcv.ru. Khromov, Igor Yu. – Business Analyst of LLC2050-Integrator, Moscow, Russia, KhromovIYu@yandex.ru. Article received 13.05.2020, accepted 23.10.2020. For the original Russian text of the article please see p. 62.
Road Overbridges of Car Lift Type for Crossing Railway Tracks in Densely Built-Up Areas of Modern Cities
Authors: Efanov D. V. , Myachin V. N. , Osadchy G. V.
Published: February 2021

The theoretical prerequisites for construction of road overbridges of car lift type for crossing railways by automotive vehicles are suggested. A technical solution has been proposed that makes it possible to ensure the crossing by cars of «problem» railway crossings during periods of their long-term closure for road traffic. The same solution can be used to organise a road overbridge in other locations where there is no railway crossing. The technical solution itself is based on the use of overhead road overpasses and is a «simplified» version of the solution implemented by Elon Musk and his company in Los Angeles based on a tunnel, moving platforms and freight elevators. For development of car lift type road overbridges, computational methods of theoretical mechanics, technical diagnostics and monitoring, as well as the theory of queuing should be used to estimate the number of cars passed through it when crossings are closed. It is proposed that the structures of the overbridge should be «built-in» into the landscape, equipped with alternative sources of energy supply and technical means of control, diagnostics and monitoring of rolling stock and of location of direct intersection of automobile and railway roads (an intelligent monitoring zone). The proposed promising technical solution in the form of a road overbridge makes it possible to increase comfort of road transportation and improve traffic safety at level crossings.
Nhìn lại nền kinh tế Việt Nam 2008 phải trong bối cảnh khủng hoảng tài chính thế giới
Authors: AISDL
Published: February 2021

Kinh tế thế giới năm 2008 đã tác động rõ nét tới nền kinh tế nước ta. Chúng ta đã phải đối mặt với những khó khăn về vấn đề thanh khoản của hệ thống tín dụng, lãi suất ngân hàng cao, những cơn sốt giá lương thực và năng lượng, thị trường chứng khoán tiếp tục bị sụt giảm… Dưới sự lãnh đạo thống nhất của Đảng và Chính phủ, hệ thống kinh tế Việt Nam đã ghi nhận nhiều tín hiệu tích cực từ thị trường. Đến nay có thể nhìn lại những khó khăn đã vượt qua, đánh giá mức độ tác động của các yếu tố bên ngoài và xác định những thách thức sẽ phải đương đầu trong năm 2009.