bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mycobacterium chimaera infections among cardiothoracic surgery patients associated with heater-cooler devices—Kansas and California, 2019
Authors: Xu Kerui , Finn Lauren E. , Geist Robert L. , Prestel Christopher , Moulton-Meissner Heather , Kim Moon , Stacey Bryna , McAllister Gillian A. , Gable Paige , Kamali Talar , de St Maurice Annabelle , Yang Shangxin , Perkins Kiran M. , Crist Matthew B.
Published: October 2021

Background:

In 2015, an international outbreak of Mycobacterium chimaera infections among patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgeries was associated with exposure to contaminated LivaNova 3T heater-cooler devices (HCDs). From June 2017 to October 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was notified of 18 patients with M. chimaera infections who had undergone cardiothoracic surgeries at 2 hospitals in Kansas (14 patients) and California (4 patients); 17 had exposure to 3T HCDs. Whole-genome sequencing of the clinical and environmental isolates matched the global outbreak strain identified in 2015.

Methods:

Investigations were conducted at each hospital to determine the cause of ongoing infections. Investigative methods included query of microbiologic records to identify additional cases, medical chart review, observations of operating room setup, HCD use and maintenance practices, and collection of HCD and environmental samples.

Results:

Onsite observations identified deviations in the positioning and maintenance of the 3T HCDs from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommendations and the manufacturer’s updated cleaning and disinfection protocols. Additionally, most 3T HCDs had not undergone the recommended vacuum and sealing upgrades by the manufacturer to decrease the dispersal of M. chimaera–containing aerosols into the operating room, despite hospital requests to the manufacturer.

Conclusions:

These findings highlight the need for continued awareness of the risk of M. chimaera infections associated with 3T HCDs, even if the devices are newly manufactured. Hospitals should maintain vigilance in adhering to FDA recommendations and the manufacturer’s protocols and in identifying patients with potential M. chimaera infections with exposure to these devices.
The influence of far field stratification on shear-induced turbulent mixing
Authors: Lewin S.F. , Caulfield C.P.
Published: October 2021

We compare the properties of the turbulence induced by the breakdown of Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) at high Reynolds number in two classes of stratified shear flows where the background density profile is given by either a linear function or a hyperbolic tangent function, at different values of the minimum initial gradient Richardson number${{Ri}}_0$. Considering global and local measures of mixing defined in terms of either the irreversible mixing rate$\mathscr {M}$associated with the time evolution of the background potential energy, or an appropriately defined density variance dissipation rate$\chi$, we find that the proliferation of secondary instabilities strongly affects the efficiency of mixing early in the flow evolution, and also that these secondary instabilities are highly sensitive to flow perturbations that are added at the point of maximal (two-dimensional) billow amplitude. Nevertheless, mixing efficiency does not appear to depend strongly on the far field density structure, a feature supported by the evolution of local horizontally averaged values of the buoyancy Reynolds number${Re}_b$and gradient Richardson number${Ri}_g$. We investigate the applicability of various proposed scaling laws for flux coefficients$\varGamma$in terms of characteristic length scales, in particular discussing the relevance of the overturning ‘Thorpe scale’ in stratified turbulent flows. Finally, we compare a variety of empirical model parameterizations used to compute diapycnal diffusivity in an oceanographic context, arguing that for transient flows such as KHI-induced turbulence, simple models that relate the ‘age’ of a turbulent event to its mixing efficiency can produce reasonably robust mixing estimates.
Instabilities and sensitivities in a flow over a rotationally flexible cylinder with a rigid splitter plate
Authors: Basso R.L.G. , Hwang Y. , Assi G.R.S. , Sherwin S.J.
Published: October 2021

This paper investigates the origin of flow-induced instabilities and their sensitivities in a flow over a rotationally flexible circular cylinder with a rigid splitter plate. A linear stability and sensitivity problem is formulated in the Eulerian frame by considering the geometric nonlinearity arising from the rotational motion of the cylinder which is not present in the stationary or purely translating stability methodology. This nonlinearity needs careful and consistent treatment in the linearised problem particularly when considering the Eulerian frame or reference adopted in this study that is not so widely considered. Two types of instabilities arising from the fluid–structure interaction are found. The first type of instabilities is the stationary symmetry breaking mode, which was well reported in previous studies. This instability exhibits a strong correlation with the length of the recirculation zone. A detailed analysis of the instability mode and its sensitivity reveals the importance of the flow near the tip region of the plate for the generation and control of this instability mode. The second type is an oscillatory torsional flapping mode, which has not been well reported. This instability typically emerges when the length of the splitter plate is sufficiently long. Unlike the symmetry breaking mode, it is not so closely correlated with the length of the recirculation zone. The sensitivity analysis however also reveals the crucial role played by the flow near the tip region in this instability. Finally, it is found that many physical features of this instability are reminiscent of those of the flapping (or flutter instability) observed in a flow over a flexible plate or a flag, suggesting that these instabilities share the same physical origin.
Disambiguating language attitudes held towards sociodemographic groups and geographic areas in South East England
Authors: Cole Amanda
Published: October 2021

Using a novel, digitized method, this paper investigates the language attitudes of 18- to 33-year-olds in South East England. More broadly, this paper demonstrates that disambiguating the language attitudes held towards sociodemographic groups and geographic areas is paramount to understanding the configuration of language attitudes in an area, particularly for areas with high cultural and linguistic heterogeneity. A total of 194 respondents evaluated the speech of 102 other south-eastern speakers. Results reveal an imperfect mapping between language attitudes held towards geographic areas and speakers from these areas. Although East London and Essex are the most negatively evaluated areas, speakers’ demographic and identity data is the primary factor conditioning language attitudes. Across South East England, working-class and/or ethnic minority speakers, as well as those who identify their accent in geographically marked terms, are evaluated most negatively, which is compounded if they are from East London or Essex.
BETWEEN CHAOS AND COSMOS: TONY WEIR IN THE CAMBRIDGE LAW JOURNAL
Authors: McBride Nicholas J.
Published: October 2021

This article surveys Tony Weir's case notes and book reviews for the Cambridge Law Journal between 1963 and 2002 in order to illuminate Tony's unique genius as a legal academic and thinker. Reading Tony's case notes and book reviews reveals that he cannot be characterised as either a “lumper” (someone who seeks to reduce the law down to a few elemental ideas and concepts) or as a “splitter” (someone who resists such a reduction). Instead, Tony's genius lay in his possessing the Keatsian quality of “negative capability”. This quality allowed Tony to be both a lumper and a splitter at the same time, refusing to identify himself definitively with either way of thinking about the law.
THE “ENGLISH SCHOOL” OF INTERNATIONAL LAW: SOUNDINGS VIA THE 1972 JUBILEE ESSAYS
Authors: Ranganathan Surabhi
Published: October 2021

As part of the Cambridge Law Journal's centenary celebrations, this article reads two essays from the journal's 50th anniversary issue. The essays, by Cambridge professors Robert Jennings and Derek Bowett offer resources for the history of international law and its historiography. They shine a light on key debates on the law of the sea at a crucial moment of its development. A close reading of these essays also reveals starting points for new scrutiny of an “English” tradition of international law, including the place of the academy within the tradition, its blueprints for the future of international law and international legal order, and its relation to empire and capitalism.
Properties of the Cognitive Function Battery for the MIND Diet Intervention to Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Krueger Kristin R. , Dhana Klodian , Aggarwal Neelum T. , Arfanakis Konstantinos , Carey Vincent J. , Sacks Frank M. , Barnes Lisa L.
Published: October 2021

Objective:

To evaluate the properties of the cognitive battery used in the MIND Diet Intervention to Prevent Alzheimer’s Disease. The MIND Diet Intervention is a randomized control trial to determine the relative effectiveness of the MIND diet in slowing cognitive decline and reducing brain atrophy in older adults at risk for Alzheimer’s dementia.

Methods:

The MIND cognitive function battery was administered at baseline to 604 participants of an average age of 70 years, who agreed to participate in the diet intervention study, and was designed to measure change over time. The battery included 12 cognitive tests, measuring the 4 cognitive domains of executive function, perceptual speed, episodic memory, and semantic memory. We conducted a principal component analysis to examine the consistency between our theoretical domains and the statistical performance of participants in each domain. To further establish the validity of each domain, we regressed the domain scores against a late-life cognitive activity score, controlling for age, race, sex, and years of education.

Results:

Four factors emerged in the principal component analyses that were similar to the theoretical domains. In regression equations, we found the expected associations with age, education, and late-life cognitive activity with each of the four cognitive domains.

Conclusions:

These results indicate that the MIND cognitive battery is a comprehensive and valid battery of four separate domains of cognitive function that can be used in diet intervention trials for older adults.
The relationship between ultra-processed food consumption and internalising symptoms among adolescents from São Paulo city, Southeast Brazil
Authors: Faisal-Cury Alexandre , Leite Maria Alvim , Escuder Maria Mercedes Loureiro , Levy Renata Bertazzi , Peres Maria Fernanda Tourinho
Published: October 2021

Objective:

To investigate the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and internalising symptoms (IS) among adolescents.

Design:

It is a cross-sectional study. Paper-pencil survey was completed in classroom with information on UPF consumption, IS and selected covariates. IS were assessed with the Internalizing Symptoms sub-scale from the Social Behaviour Questionnaire (IS-SBQ). UPF was evaluated with a FFQ extracted from the Brazilian National School Health Survey. Crude and adjusted association between UPF and IS was investigated with structural equation models.

Setting:

São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Participants:

A total of 2680 students, Mage = 14·85; (95 % CI 14·81, 14·88).

Results:

UPF consumption was associated with higher scores in IS in the crude (β = 0·14; P < 0·001) and adjusted (β = 0·12; P < 0·001) models. The higher the consumption of UPF, the higher is the IS score. The following variables were associated with a lower risk of UPF consumption: male sex, public school and having more meals with parents. The change in the magnitude of the standardised score was almost negligible, but the model was significantly improved with the inclusion of covariates.

Conclusions:

Our results provide evidence about the positive association between UPF consumption and IS among adolescents. The association, despite its low magnitude, remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders. These results are relevant considering the increase in UPF consumption worldwide and in low- and middle-income countries. Also, our study emphasises the importance of a healthy diet with a reduction in UPF consumption among adolescents.
Best Practices for Analysis of Carbon Fibers by Atom Probe Tomography
Authors: Johansen Marcus , Liu Fang
Published: October 2021

Carbon fiber technology drives significant development in lightweight and multifunctional applications. However, the microstructure of carbon fibers is not completely understood. A big challenge is to obtain the distribution of heteroatoms, for instance nitrogen, with high spatial resolution in three dimensions. Atom probe tomography (APT) has the potential to meet this challenge, but APT of carbon fibers is still relatively unexplored. We performed APT on three types of carbon fibers, including one high modulus type and two intermediate modulus types. Here, we present the methods to interpret the complex mass spectra of carbon fibers, enhance the mass resolution, and increase the obtained analysis volume. Finally, the origin of multiple hit events and possible methods to mitigate multiple hit events are also discussed. This paper provides guidance for future APT studies on carbon fibers, and thus leads the way to a deeper understanding of the microstructure, and consequently advancements in wide applications of carbon fibers.
Indigenous Australian laws of war: Makarrata, milwerangel and junkarti
Authors: White Samuel , Kerkhove Ray
Published: October 2021

Studies in Australian history have lamentably neglected the military traditions of First Australians prior to European contact. This is due largely to a combination of academic and social bigotry, and loss of Indigenous knowledge after settlement. Thankfully, the situation is beginning to change, in no small part due to the growing literature surrounding the Frontier Wars of Australia. All aspects of Indigenous customs and norms are now beginning to receive a balanced analysis. Yet, very little has ever been written on the laws, customs and norms that regulated Indigenous Australian collective armed conflicts. This paper, co-written by a military legal practitioner and an ethno-historian, uses early accounts to reconstruct ten laws of war evidently recognized across much of pre-settlement Australia. The study is a preliminary one, aiming to stimulate further research and debate in this neglected field, which has only recently been explored in international relations.
Fourteen‐Year Acceleration Along the Japan Trench
Authors: Marill Lou , Marsan David , Socquet Anne , Radiguet Mathilde , Cotte Nathalie , Rousset Baptiste
Published: October 2021

An acceleration of the background seismicity and a shortening of the slow slip events recurrence intervals in the Boso peninsula (Japan) suggest a slow unlocking of the Philippine Sea‐North America (PHS‐NAM) subduction interface from 1990 to 2011. Motivated by these previous observations, we used GPS (Global Positioning System) time series to study the 1997–2011 evolution of interface locking offshore Honshu with a specific focus on the Kanto region. We newly processed the GPS data in double difference and analyzed them with a trajectory model that accounts for seismic and aseismic variations, and that includes an inter‐seismic acceleration term. We inverted the surface acceleration obtained, on both the Pacific‐North America (PAC‐NAM) and the PHS‐NAM interfaces. The inverted slip rate changes over time compare well with previous studies: we infer slip deceleration between –N and acceleration between –N (PAC‐NAM), with a maximum amplitude of 1.75 mm/ corresponding to an equivalent geodetic locking change of 0.3 over the 14 years. More notably, our analysis reveals a novel and robust slip acceleration South of N that we interpret as an unlocking of the PAC‐NAM interface. It is located noticeably far from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake rupture and is therefore unlikely connected to it. The slip acceleration inverted from the surface displacements is comparable to the changes observed in the seismicity rate. Our results further demonstrate that inter‐seismic slip rate can significantly evolve over years to decades, and suggest a simple relationship between the seismicity and the slip on the subduction interface.
The Diurnal Variation of the Aerosol Optical Depth at the ARM SGP Site
Authors: Balmes K. A. , Fu Q. , Thorsen T. J.
Published: October 2021

This study examines the diurnal variation of the aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 355 nm observed by Raman lidar (RL) at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Southern Great Plains (SGP) site under both clear and cloudy‐sky conditions. Here only cloudy‐skies when the lidar signal is not fully attenuated are considered. The daytime AOD and its variation from the RL showed an excellent agreement with the Aerosol Robotic Network, demonstrating that the RL‐retrieved AOD is not affected by solar background contamination. The climatological annual‐mean daytime‐mean AOD is only slightly larger than the nighttime‐mean AOD (by 1%–3%). However, day‐to‐day variations are observed such that the daytime‐ and nighttime‐mean AOD difference for a given day can be large (about 95% of days have differences within 0.2). The seasonal AOD diurnal range (i.e., the difference between the maximum and minimum values) relative to the mean was10%–15% except in the winter when it was44%. The seasonal‐mean cloudy‐sky AOD diurnal variation is similar to that for clear‐sky, except that the AODs are larger (the annual‐mean cloudy‐sky AOD is larger than the clear‐sky by24%). The aerosol lidar ratio diurnal variations are also examined, which are10%–20% for all seasons with a minimum near 9 a.m. to 15 p.m. for all seasons except winter. Also presented is the annual‐mean AOD from the Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite at SGP site: its daytime AOD is about 0.1 smaller than nighttime AOD because of daytime solar background contamination.
Argon‐40 in Lunar Exosphere: Observations From CHACE‐2 on Chandrayaan‐2 Orbiter
Authors: Dhanya M. B. , Thampi Smitha V. , Das Tirtha Pratim , Thampi R. Satheesh , Naik Neha , Abhishek J. K. , Sreelatha P. , Pradeepkumar P. , Padmanabhan G. Padma , Sundar B. , Vajja Dinakar Prasad , Nandi Amarnath , Yadav Vipin K. , Nazeer M. Mohammed , Lali P. T. , John Rosmy , Aliyas A. V. , Sen Vijay Kumar , Prabhu M. Ram , Krishna A. Ajay , Pant Tarun K. , Bhardwaj Anil
Published: October 2021

We report the first observation of Argon‐40 (Ar‐40) in the mid latitude regions ( to ) of the lunar exosphere from CHandra’s Atmospheric Composition Explorer‐2 (CHACE‐2) experiment aboard Chandrayaan‐2 orbiter. The number density of Ar‐40 shows pre‐sunrise, sunrise and sunset peaks as well as nightside minima, typical of a condensable gas, which is similar to the features seen at the low latitudes in previous observations. The CHACE‐2 observed number densities of Ar‐40 and its diurnal variation at low latitudes ( to ) is consistent with LACE/Apollo observations. CHACE‐2 observations show Ar‐40 enhancements over certain longitude sectors. In addition to KREEP region, Ar‐40 bulges are observed at other longitudes, including the South Pole Aitken (SPA) terrain. The global distribution of Ar‐40 shows that the sunrise peak is observed at the same local time over highlands and mare regions. These observations call for a deeper understanding of the surface‐exosphere interactions and source distribution.
Measurements of Volatile Organic Compounds During the COVID‐19 Lockdown in Changzhou, China
Authors: Jensen Andrew , Liu Zhiqiang , Tan Wen , Dix Barbara , Chen Tianshu , Koss Abigail , Zhu Liang , Li Li , de Gouw Joost
Published: October 2021

The COVID‐19 outbreak in 2020 prompted strict lockdowns, reduced human activity, and reduced emissions of air pollutants. We measured volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using a proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometry instrument in Changzhou, China from 8 January through 27 March, including periods of pre‐lockdown, strict measures (level 1), and more relaxed measures (level 2). We analyze the data using positive matrix factorization and resolve four factors: textile industrial emissions (62 ± 10% average reduction during level 1 relative to pre‐lockdown), pharmaceutical industrial emissions (40 ± 20%), traffic emissions (71 ± 10%), and secondary chemistry (20 ± 20%). The two industrial sources showed different responses to the lockdown, so emissions from the industrial sector should not be scaled uniformly. The quantified changes in VOCs due to the lockdowns constrain emission inventories and inform chemistry‐transport models, particularly for sectors where activity data are sparse, as the effects of lockdowns on air quality are explored.
Loss of CDX2 in colorectal cancer is associated with histopathologic subtypes and microsatellite instability but is prognostically inferior to hematoxylin–eosin-based morphologic parameters from the WHO classification
Authors: Konukiewitz Björn , Schmitt Maxime , Silva Miguel , Pohl Junika , Lang Corinna , Steiger Katja , Halfter Kathrin , Engel Jutta , Schlitter Anna Melissa , Boxberg Melanie , Pfarr Nicole , Wilhelm Dirk , Foersch Sebastian , Tschurtschenthaler Markus , Weichert Wilko , Jesinghaus Moritz
Published: October 2021

Background

Immunohistochemical loss of CDX2 has been proposed as a biomarker of dismal survival in colorectal carcinoma (CRC), especially in UICC Stage II/III. However, it remains unclear, how CDX2 expression is related to central hematoxylin–eosin (HE)-based morphologic parameters defined by 2019 WHO classification and how its prognostic relevance is compared to these parameters.

Methods

We evaluated CDX2 expression in 1003 CRCs and explored its prognostic relevance compared to CRC subtypes, tumour budding and WHO grade in the overall cohort and in specific subgroups.

Results

CDX2-low/absent CRCs were enriched in specific morphologic subtypes, right-sided and microsatellite-instable (MSI-H) CRCs (P < 0.001) and showed worse survival characteristics in the overall cohort/UICC Stage II/III (e.g. DFS:P = 0.005) and in microsatellite stable and left-sided CRCs, but not in MSI-H or right-sided CRCs. Compared with CDX2, all HE-based markers showed a significantly better prognostic discrimination in all scenarios. In multivariate analyses including all morphologic parameters, CDX2 was not an independent prognostic factor.

Conclusion

CDX2 loss has some prognostic impact in univariate analyses, but its prognostic relevance is considerably lower compared to central HE-based morphologic parameters defined by the WHO classification and vanishes in multivariate analyses incorporating these factors.
Research on advanced methods of electrochemiluminescence detection combined with optical imaging analysis for the detection of sulfonamides
Authors: Liu Chengxin , Song Dianyou , Yang Zhengchun , Wang Zhiyong , Pan Peng , Liu Jun , Yang Xin , Li Ruirui , Zhu Zikang , Xue Fengjun
Published: October 2021

After successfully obtaining the ECL intensity of the sulfonamide, use the external wireless camera to obtain the image and use the image algorithm to combine the brightness value for concentration analysis.
Gold nanoclusters performing as contrast agents for non-invasive imaging of tissue-like phantoms via two-photon excited fluorescence lifetime imaging
Authors: Hada Alexandru-Milentie , Craciun Ana-Maria , Astilean Simion
Published: October 2021

Photoluminescent bovine serum albumin stabilized gold nanoclusters as reliable label-free FLIM contrast agents under near-infrared two-photon excitation inside cancer tissue-mimicking agarose phantoms.
Recent advances in materials for hemostatic management
Authors: Liu Lu , Hu Enling , Yu Kun , Xie Ruiqi , Lu Fei , Lu Bitao , Bao Rong , Li Qing , Dai Fangyin , Lan Guangqian
Published: October 2021

Traumatic hemorrhage can be a fatal event, particularly when large quantities of blood are lost in a short time. For different wound types (superficial wound, deep wound…), dozens of hemostatic materials came into being.
Identification of fragments binding to SARS-CoV-2 nsp10 reveals ligand-binding sites in conserved interfaces between nsp10 and nsp14/nsp16
Authors: Kozielski Frank , Sele Céleste , Talibov Vladimir O. , Lou Jiaqi , Dong Danni , Wang Qian , Shi Xinyue , Nyblom Maria , Rogstam Annika , Krojer Tobias , Fisher Zoë , Knecht Wolfgang
Published: October 2021

By fragment screening using X-ray crystallography we identified four ligands revealing ligand-binding sites in interfaces between SARS-CoV-2 nsp10 and nsp14/nsp16. The nsp14/10 interaction is weak and therefore could be disrupted by small molecules.
Planar hexaphyrin-like macrocycles turning into bis-BODIPYs with box-shaped structures exhibiting excitonic coupling
Authors: Kalaiselvan Arumugam , Dhamija Shaina , Aswathi Chakrapani , De Arijit K. , Gokulnath Sabapathi
Published: October 2021

This present study reveals the synthesis and excited-state dynamics of carbazole embedded hexaphyrin-like macrocycles and their bis-BODIPY complexes. Time-resolved spectroscopy was performed to elucidate the excitonic coupling in conjunction with electronic structure calculations.
Chiral anthranilic pyrrolidine as custom-made amine catalyst for enantioselective Michael reaction of nitroalkenes with carbonyl compounds
Authors: Oka Yukari , Tsuzuki Seiji , Moriyama Katsuhiko
Published: October 2021

A chiral anthranilic pyrrolidine catalyst as a custom-made amine-catalyst was developed for the enantio- and diastereo selective Michael reaction of nitroalkenes with carbonyl compounds.
Electrochemical hydrogen formation catalysed by a Pd8string
Authors: Tanase Tomoaki , Nakamae Kanako , Miyano Haruka , Fujisawa Yoshimi , Ura Yasuyuki , Nakajima Takayuki
Published: October 2021

The Pd8string supported by linear tetraphosphine ligands reacted with H+to afford a Pd4H complex with a terminal hydride, and was applied to the electrocatalytic H2formation from H+by making a chemically modified electrode with Nafion film.
A multi-responsive indium-viologen hybrid with ultrafast-response photochromism and electrochromism
Authors: Pan Qiu-Yue , Sun Meng-En , Zhang Chong , Li Lin-Ke , Liu Hua-Li , Li Kai-Jie , Li Hai-Yang , Zang Shuang-Quan
Published: October 2021

A novel 0D organic–inorganic metal halide hybrid (C13H16N2O2)2InCl6·Cl (1) has been obtained by integrating the mono-viologen derivative with InCl3.
Blue- and white-light-emitting 2D-coordination polymers and their solid-state photodimerization reaction
Authors: Peedikakkal Abdul Malik P. , Jalilov Almaz S. , Shaikh Abdul Rajjak , Kalanthoden Abdul Nasar , Al-Saadi Abdulaziz A.
Published: October 2021

Two Pb(ii) coordination polymers (CPs) isolated and show 2D-sheet-like structures. CPs with the formate, undergoes solid-state photodimerization and displays blue emission. While 2D sheet with acetate is photostable and show white-light emission.
Assessment of the UCST-type liquid–liquid phase separation mechanism of imidazolium-based ionic liquid, [C8mim][TFSI], and 1,4-dioxane by SANS, NMR, IR, and MD simulations
Authors: Kawano Masahiro , Sadakane Koichiro , Iwase Hiroki , Matsugami Masaru , Marekha Bogdan A. , Idrissi Abdenacer , Takamuku Toshiyuki
Published: October 2021

UCST-type phase separation of binary solutions of [Cnmim][TFSI]–1,4-DIO.
Development of a coupled geophysical–geothermal scheme for quantification of hydrates in gas hydrate-bearing permafrost sediments
Authors: Vasheghani Farahani Mehrdad , Hassanpouryouzband Aliakbar , Yang Jinhai , Tohidi Bahman
Published: October 2021

In this article, a coupled geophysical–geothermal scheme has been developed to predict hydrates saturation in gas hydrate-bearing permafrost sediments via utilising their geophysical and geothermal responses.
Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and experimental speciation study of levofloxacin under different pH conditions
Authors: Previti Emanuele , Foti Claudia , Giuffrè Ottavia , Saija Franz , Sponer Jiri , Cassone Giuseppe
Published: October 2021

By means of ab initio molecular dynamics simulations we characterize the behaviour of the water solvation shells as well as the (de)protonation mechanisms, here we present the unprecedented quantum-based simulation of levofloxacin in aqueous environments.
The performance of three typical single and two coupled electrochemical processes for drilling wastewater treatment: comparison and implication
Authors: Kong Fan-xin , Wang Yu-Kun , Cao Jia-Mei , Sun Guang-dong , Wang Wen-Peng , Chen Jin-fu
Published: October 2021

The sequential process (EC–E-peroxone process) is the optimal solution for drilling wastewater treatment.
Nanocollision mediated electrochemical sensing of host–guest chemistry at a nanoelectrode surface
Authors: Wang Ruixia , Qian Gongming , Guo Jing , Ai Qiushuang , Liu Simin , Liu Yichong , Liang Feng , Chang Shuai
Published: October 2021

Electrochemical (EC) measurement of nanoparticle impact on electrode provide an effective approach for studying the dynamics of host–guest chemistry and shed light on a convenient EC sensor for the recognition of target molecules with the aid of CB7.
Prophylactic treatment of curcumin in a rat model of depression by attenuating hippocampal synaptic loss
Authors: Fan Cuiqin , Li Ye , Lan Tian , Wang Wenjing , Mao Xueqin , Yu Shu Yan
Published: October 2021

Curcumin is a polyphenol substance considered to be effective in the treatment of a number of neurodegenerative diseases.
The role of ionic liquid pretreatment and recycling design in the sustainability of a biorefinery: a sugarcane to ethanol example
Authors: Ferrari F. A. , Nogueira G. P. , Franco T. T. , Dias M. O. S. , Cavaliero C. K. N. , Witkamp G. J. , van der Wielen L. A. M. , Forte M. B. S.
Published: October 2021

Ionic liquid-based pretreatment and recycling design influences the outcomes of a biorefinery. A techno-economic and life cycle assessment is presented.
Exploring the synergetic effects of the major components of biomass additives in the pyrolysis of polylactic acid
Authors: Sun Ce , Chen Xiaojian , Zheng Dingyuan , Yao Wenrui , Tan Haiyan , Zhang Yanhua , Liu Song
Published: October 2021

The co-pyrolysis of lignin and polylactic acid produced strong synergistic effects to reduce input energy and increase the yield of lactide.
Microfluidic droplet-based functional materials for cell manipulation
Authors: Zheng Yajing , Wu Zengnan , Lin Ling , Zheng Xiaonan , Hou Ying , Lin Jin-Ming
Published: October 2021

This review focuses on diverse functional materials produced by microfluidic droplet technique and their applications in cell manipulation. It will inspire reader to explore cell biology by developing novel materials from an engineering perspective.
Cation vacancy driven efficient CoFe-LDH-based electrocatalysts for water splitting and Zn–air batteries
Authors: Kong Zhenyu , Chen Jingying , Wang Xiaoxia , Long Xiaojing , She Xilin , Li Daohao , Yang Dongjiang
Published: October 2021

The rich cation vacancies CoFeV-LDH with excellent OER properties was synthesized by tunable alkali etching. Pt was anchored within vacancies (Pt@CoFeV-LDH) by UV reduction to optimize its HER and ORR performance.
Ni-catalyzed cascade coupling reactions: synthesis and thermally-activated delayed fluorescence characterization of quinazolinone derivatives
Authors: Chen Lepeng , Zhang Shou-Feng , Chen Zhongyan , Zhen Qianqian , Xiong Wenzhang , Shao Yinlin , Ge Jing-Yuan , Lv Ningning , Chen Jiuxi
Published: October 2021

A nickel-catalyzed cascade coupling of 2-(2-(arylcarbonyl)-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)acetonitrile and arylboronic acid for the synthesis of pyrazino-fused quinazolinones has been developed. The TADF effect of 3a in the solid-state was investigated.
Ethidium bromide-bridged mesoporous silica hybrid nanocarriers for fluorescence cell imaging and drug delivery applications
Authors: Santhamoorthy Madhappan , Thirupathi Kokila , Periyasamy Thirukumaran , Thirumalai Dinakaran , Ramkumar Vanaraj , Kim Seong-Cheol
Published: October 2021

We report the fabrication of mesoporous organosilica hybrid nanocarriers with red-fluorescence behaviour under UV-light for pH-responsive drug delivery and red-fluorescence-based bioimaging applications in cancer therapy.
Layered silicon carbide: a novel anode material for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Majid Abdul , Fatima Afrinish , Khan Salah Ud-Din , Khan Shaukat
Published: October 2021

The structural stability of carbon and the high theoretical capacity of silicon was the motivation for investigating the prospects of layered silicon carbide (SiC).
A water-soluble membrane for SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid sampling and detection
Authors: Wan Peng , Cui Haodong , Zhou Wenhua , Fu Wen , Yang Fan , Wang Zhongying , Du Xuemin , Chu Paul K. , Yu Xue-Feng
Published: October 2021

This communication describes a novel water-soluble membrane prepared from chitosan intended for SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid collection and detection.
Spin transition and symmetry-breaking in new mononuclear FeII tren-complexes with up to 38 K hysteresis around room temperature
Authors: Seredyuk Maksym , Znovjyak Kateryna , Valverde-Muñoz Francisco Javier , Muñoz M. Carmen , Fritsky Igor O. , Amirkhanov Volodymyr M. , Real Jose A.
Published: October 2021

New FeII complexes based on the well-known tripodand ligand type undergo abrupt hysteretic spin transition due to the symmetry-breaking in the room temperature region.
Highly polar stacking interactions wrap inorganics in organics: lone-pair–π-hole interactions between the PdO4 core and electron-deficient arenes
Authors: Torubaev Yury V. , Skabitsky Ivan V. , Rozhkov Anton V. , Galmés Bartomeu , Frontera Antonio , Kukushkin Vadim Yu.
Published: October 2021

Each PdO4 plane of Pd3(OAc)6 behaved as a 5-center nucleophile (O lone pairs and the dz2-PdII orbital) that interacts with π-donating arenes to afford highly polar circular stacking, where organics wrapped inorganics.
Intramolecular iron-catalyzed transannulation of furans with O-acetyl oximes: synthesis of functionalized pyrroles
Authors: Makarov Anton S. , Fadeev Alexander A. , Uchuskin Maxim G.
Published: October 2021

Intramolecular iron(iii)-catalyzed reaction of furyl-tethered O-acetyl oximes yields substituted pyrroles through electrophilic 5-exo-trig ipso-addition of nitrogen to the furan ring.
An organic hole-transporting material spiro-OMeTAD doped with a Mn complex for efficient perovskite solar cells with high conversion efficiency
Authors: Elawad Mohammed , John Kingsley Igenepo , Idris Ahmed Mahmoud , Yang Li , Gao Yuan
Published: October 2021

Mesoscopic PSCs utilizing spiro-OMeTAD with different concentrations of a Mn complex were obtained, and the PSC with the optimum Mn-complex concentration (1.0% w/w) achieved a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 17.62%.
One-pot synthesis, structural analysis, and oxidation applications of a series of diaryltellurium dicarboxylates
Authors: Shibuya Yuga , Toyoda Anna , Ohmura Shiori , Higashikawa Go , Koguchi Shinichi
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a concise and efficient one-pot synthesis of a variety of functionalized diaryltellurium dicarboxylates.
Retraction: One-pot synthesis of Hantzsch dihydropyridines using a highly efficient and stable PdRuNi@GO catalyst
Authors: Fisher Laura
Published: October 2021

Retraction of ‘One-pot synthesis of Hantzsch dihydropyridines using a highly efficient and stable PdRuNi@GO catalyst’ by Tuna Demirci et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 76948–76956. DOI: 10.1039/C6RA13142E.
Extracting kinetic information in catalysis: an automated tool for the exploration of small data
Authors: Mendes Pedro S. F. , Siradze Sébastien , Pirro Laura , Thybaut Joris W.
Published: October 2021

Kinetically relevant information for heterogeneously catalysed reactions is automatically extracted from small datasets by means of a newly-developed machine learning chemically-enriched tool.
A graphene-like nanoribbon for efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts
Authors: Peng Hongliang , Duan Diancheng , Liu Siyan , Liu Jiaxi , Sun Lixian , Huang Pengru , Shao Chunfeng , Zhang Kexiang , Zhang Huanzhi , Xue Xiaogang , Xu Fen , Zou Yongjin , Liu Yalin , Tian Xinlong , Rosei Federico
Published: October 2021

A graphene-like nanoribbon has been synthesized by a one-step heat treatment method. And which have excellent bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis due to their efficient synergistic effect between Fe, Co, N and F, and full exposure of active sites.
A lithiated organic nanofiber-reinforced composite polymer electrolyte enabling Li-ion conduction highways for solid-state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Tian Liying , Liu Ying , Su Zhe , Cao Yu , Zhang Wanyu , Yi Shan , Zhang Yayun , Niu Bo , Dong Panpan , Long Donghui
Published: October 2021

A robust composite polymer electrolyte is prepared by thermal lamination of PEO electrolyte films onto lithiated organic nanofibers, combining the merits of 3D Li-ion conduction highways and good nanofiber-reinforced mechanical properties.
Bamboo fiber-reinforced chitosan sponge as a robust photothermal evaporator for efficient solar vapor generation
Authors: Sun Xisheng , Jia Xiaohua , Yang Jin , Wang Sizhe , Li Yong , Shao Dan , Song Haojie
Published: October 2021

A bamboo fiber-reinforced chitosan sponge photothermal evaporator with low-cost, long-term durability, and eco-friendly, suitable for bringing clean water and soil to remote areas.
Bioapplication of cyclodextrin-containing montmorillonite
Authors: Cao Shuai , Liu Chang , Zhou Le , Zhang Huacheng , Zhao Yuxin , Liu Zhaona
Published: October 2021

This review summarizes recent progress in the integration/combination of CDs and montmorillonite, as well as the bioapplication of CDs-containing montmorillonite hybrid host systems.
Rational design of an HClO-specific triggered self-immolative fluorescent turn-on sensor and its bioimaging applications
Authors: Wang Xiao-Bo , Zhang Da-Long , Li Hui-Jing , Lu Xuhao , Liu Quanze , Wu Yan-Chao
Published: October 2021

An HClO-specific triggered self-immolative fluorescent sensor was designed and synthesized for the visual detection of HClO in vitro and vivo.
An n-type narrow-bandgap organoboron polymer with quinoidal character synthesized by direct arylation polymerization
Authors: Dong Changshuai , Meng Bin , Liu Jun , Wang Lixiang
Published: October 2021

An n-type narrow-bandgap organoboron polymer with quinoidal character is synthesized by direct arylation polymerization. This polymer shows a narrow bandgap of 1.50 eV and could also be readily n-doped for thermoelectric applications.
Enhancing the near-infrared photocatalytic activity and upconversion luminescence of BiOCl:Yb3+–Er3+ nanosheets with polypyrrole in situ modification
Authors: Fan Youzhun , Wang Tianhui , Zhang Yingying , Li Qibing , Wu Zhijie , Yin Zhaoyi , Li Yongjin , Han Jin , Wang Qi , Qiu Jianbei , Yang Zhengwen , Song Zhiguo
Published: October 2021

OVs extended the absorption of the NIR region by constructing intermediate bands, and they also promoted the separation and transfer of photocarriers. This helps enhance NIR photocatalytic and upconversion luminescence at the same time.
Tuning the selectivity of highly sensitive chemiresistive nanoparticle networks by encapsulation with metal–organic frameworks
Authors: John Alishba T. , Murugappan Krishnan , Taheri Mahdiar , Nisbet David R. , Tricoli Antonio
Published: October 2021

Selective chemiresistive gas sensing using metal–organic framework encapsulated ultra-porous metal oxide nanoparticle network.
Conductivity and memristive behavior of completely charged domain walls in reduced bidomain lithium niobate
Authors: Kubasov Ilya V. , Kislyuk Aleksandr M. , Ilina Tatiana S. , Shportenko Andrey S. , Kiselev Dmitry A. , Turutin Andrei V. , Temirov Aleksandr A. , Malinkovich Mikhail D. , Parkhomenko Yuriy N.
Published: October 2021

The head-to-head charged domain wall in reduced bidomain LiNbO3 changes the properties of point contact to the ferroelectric crystal, exhibits a memristive behavior and significantly decreases conductance after the application of a positive set voltage pulse.
Human microRNA similarity in breast cancer
Authors: Jing Ying , Li Donghai
Published: October 2021

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in a variety of human diseases, including breast cancer. A number of miRNAs are up- and down-regulated in breast cancer. However, little is known about miRNA similarity and similarity network in breast cancer. Here, a collection of 272 breast cancer-associated miRNA precursors (pre-miRNAs) were utilized to calculate similarities of sequences, target genes, pathways and functions and construct a combined similarity network. Well-characterized miRNAs and their similarity network were highlighted. Interestingly, miRNA sequence-dependent similarity networks were not identified in spite of sequence–target gene association. Similarity networks with minimum and maximum number of miRNAs originate from pathway and mature sequence, respectively. The breast cancer-associated miRNAs were divided into seven functional classes (classes I–VII) followed by disease enrichment analysis and novel miRNA-based disease similarities were found. The finding would provide insight into miRNA similarity, similarity network and disease heterogeneity in breast cancer.
Do Hearing Aids Prevent Falls? Commentary on Study From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Powell Danielle S. , Jiang Kening , Deal Jennifer A. , Reed Nicholas S.
Published: October 2021

Purpose:

This letter serves to underscore the importance of understanding the relationship between hearing loss treatment and falls and to provide additional clarity and commentary on the interpretation of the results by
Riska et al. (2021)
. With the salience of falls for older adults, clear interpretation of results in context is necessary to understand the evidence available and need for future studies.
VLT spectropolarimetry of comet 67P: dust environment around the end of its intense southern summer
Authors: Kwon Yuna G. , Bagnulo Stefano , Markkanen Johannes , Agarwal Jessica , Kolokolova Ludmilla , Levasseur-Regourd Anny-Chantal , Snodgrass Colin , Tozzi Gian P.
Published: October 2021

Context.A cornucopia of Rosetta and ground-based observational data sheds light on the evolution of the characteristics of dust particles from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (hereafter 67P) with seasons, implying the different dust environments in the source regions on the surface of the comet.

Aims.We aim to constrain the properties of the dust particles of 67P and therefrom diagnose the dust environment of its coma and near-surface layer at around the end of the southern summer of the comet.

Methods.We performed spectropolarimetric observations for 67P dust over 4000–9000 Å using the ESO/Very Large Telescope from January–March 2016 (phase angle ranging from ~26° –5°). We examined the optical behaviours of the dust, which, together with Rosetta colour data, were used to search for dust evolution with cometocentric distance. Modelling was also conducted to identify the dust attributes compatible with the results.

Results.The spectral dependence of the polarisation degree of 67P dust is flatter than that found in other dynamical groups of comets in similar observing geometry. The depth of its negative polarisation branch appears to be a bit shallower than in long-period comets and might be getting shallower as 67P repeats its apparitions. Its dust colour shows a change in slope around 5500 Å, (17.3 ± 1.4) and (10.9 ± 0.6)% (1000 Å)-1, shortward and longward of the wavelength, respectively, which are slightly redder but broadly consistent with the average of Jupiter-family comets.

Conclusions.Observations of 67P dust in this study can be attributed to dust agglomerates of ~100 μm in size detected by Rosetta in early 2016. A porosity of 60% shows the best match with our polarimetric results, yielding a dust density of ~770 kg m-3. The compilation of Rosetta and our data indicates the dust’s reddening with increasing nucleus distance, which may be driven by water-ice sublimation as the dust moves out of the nucleus. We estimate the possible volume fraction of water ice in the initially ejected dust as ~6% (i.e. the refractory-to-ice volume ratio of ~14).
Decomposition analysis and peak stagger design for Crank-triangular linkage-elbow mechanism of mechanical servo presses
Authors: Sun Yousong , Hu Jianguo , Wei Liangmo , Chen Yongqi
Published: October 2021

High mechanical advantage as well as low and steady slide speed within the working stroke Sn are the fundamental requirements for the working mechanism of servo-mechanical press. Currently, the Crank-Triangular Linkage-Elbow (CTLE) mechanism has attracted more and more attention from researchers and manufacturers of servo presses. This paper presents a new analysis and design method of CTLE. The mechanism is decomposed into two sub-units: crank and triangular-linkage elbow, followed by the kinematic and force analysis of each sub-unit. The influences of each structural parameter on the working performance are obtained and can be used as the basis for preliminary design. Through the offset design, the mechanical advantage peaks of the two units, MA1max and MA2max, do not occur at the same time: MA1max is located near Sn, while MA2max is just at BDC (Bottom Dead Center). Because the mechanical advantage of the whole mechanism is the product of the two subunits, the designed mechanism can obtain high and steady mechanical advantage together with low and steady slide speed within Sn. After preliminary design, the scheme can be further modified by numerical simulation and optimization. Hence the design efficiency can be improved.
Pädiatrische Atmungstherapie in der außerklinischen Kinderintensivpflege
Authors: Jalowy Michaela
Published: October 2021

Die pädiatrische Intensivmedizin ermöglicht es immer mehr schwerstkranken Kindern, die außerklinische Intensivpflege benötigen, zu überleben. Wenn die Versorgung innerhalb der Familie nicht möglich ist, finden diese Kinder in Einrichtungen wie der „Bärenfamilie“ ein „Zuhause“. Dort kümmert sich ein multidisziplinäres Team um die Patienten. Speziell ausgebildete Atmungstherapeuten unterstützen die betreuenden Fachkräfte.
Shear Wave Dispersion Imaging for the Characterization of Focal Liver Lesions – A Pilot study
Authors: Jesper Daniel , Fiedler Steffen , Klett Daniel , Waldner Maximilian J , Schellhaas Barbara , Zundler Sebastian , Neurath Markus F , Pfeifer Lukas
Published: October 2021

Purpose Shear wave dispersion imaging is a novel ultrasound-based technique, which analyzes the speed of different shear wave components depending on their frequency. The dispersion of shear wave speed correlates with the viscosity of the liver parenchyma. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the use of shear wave dispersion imaging in focal liver lesions in the non-cirrhotic liver.

Methods Patients with unclear focal liver lesions in B-mode ultrasound were prospectively assigned to shear wave dispersion imaging (m/s/kHz). Measurements were conducted within the lesion and in the liver parenchyma of the right liver lobe using an intercostal window. Histology and contrast-enhanced ultrasound served as the reference for the characterization of the lesions.

Results Out of 46 patients included in this study, 24 had liver metastases and 22 had benign liver lesions. Benign lesions consisted mostly of hemangiomas (n=12) and focal nodular hyperplasia (n=8). Malignant lesions showed significantly lower shear wave dispersion (13.0±2.45 m/s/kHz) compared to benign tumors (15.2±2.74 m/s/kHz, p<0.01). In further subgroup analysis, the difference was significant for hemangiomas (15.32±2.42 m/s/kHz, p=0.04) but not for FNHs (14.98±3.36 m/s/kHz, p=0.38). The dispersion of reference liver parenchyma did not differ significantly between the groups (p=0.54).

Conclusion The quantification of viscosity by shear wave dispersion is a new parameter for the characterization of focal liver lesions with higher dispersion values in hemangiomas and lower dispersion values in metastases. However, it cannot differentiate reliably between benign and malignant lesions.