bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Academic expertise for the structure and content of professional competences for future preschool teachers
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia, Veretennikova Veronika , Shikhova Olga ,   M. T. Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Izhevsk, Russia, Shikhov Yuri ,   M. T. Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Izhevsk, Russia
Published: December 2020

The Federal State Educational Standard for a new generation (FSES of HE 3++) sets out universal and general professional competences for university graduates. Educational structures can define professional competences independently and describe them as professional standards. A means of solving this challenge is to use a group of assessment experts – one of the core academic qualitative methods. This collective expert opinion helps to develop an algorithm for pedagogical competence expertise and for generalizing their quantitative representation and content. The article presents methods for the structure and content of professional competences for undergraduate students majoring in preschool education. These include the group expert assessment method and the procedure for reconciling the determined competences with current legal documents for preschool education. The research focused on competence-based and qualimetric approaches aimed at modeling the outcomes of education. The “framework” sets out the structure of competences that act as the professional quality standards for higher education. The group expert assessment made it possible to identify groups of professional competences and elaborate their content. The authors have determined the academic expertise for the structure and content of professional competences for students who are the future preschool teachers. This involved the examination and harmonization of the requirements of the Professional Standards for “Teachers (teaching practice in the field of preschool, primary, lower secondary, upper secondary education) (a pre-school teacher, a teacher),” and the Federal State Educational Standard for preschool education. These stages can be implemented in developing the structure and content of professional competencies for students majoring in other areas and profiles of training, which adds to their practical value and usefulness. The findings can be used by university instructors to identify and develop professional competences for undergraduate students following their future job functions and actions as outlined by professional standards.
CAD/CAM Technology Challenges in Prosthodontics
Authors:   Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Published: December 2020

Computer-Aided-Design/Computer-Aided-Manufacture or in short CAD/CAM technology is a revolutionary method which was utilized in dentistry in order to achieve more efficient and precise work that not only reduce time but also produce more patient satisfaction on the short and long term. Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) can be done by utilizing a specially designed software and an intraoral scanners or laboratory scanners which can construct a three dimensional image of scanned mouth or impression. Computer-Aided-Manufacture (CAM) on the other hand, can be done by subtractive or additive manufacturing. Subtractive manufacturing is done either by spark erosion or by a milling machine. Additive manufacturing on the other hand is made by layering technique in a step by step vertical buildup of the object or restoration. This review illustrates the indications, advantages, and limitations of CAD/CAM technology in construction of different types of restorations and the possible future of this technology.
Associative growth-stimulating strains of bacteria and their whole genome sequencing
Authors: Abdurashytov S. F. , Melnichuk T. N. , Chirak E. R. , Egovtseva A. Y. , Abdurashytova E. R. , Andronov E. E.
Published: December 2020

Strains Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus L1, P. nitroguajacolicus M3, Bacillus sp. B5 and Agrobacterium tumefaciens R1 are growth-promoting agents for winter wheat. The effectiveness of their interaction with plants is probably provided by 4-9 groups of genes responsible for the synthesis of auxins, according to the recognized RAST subsystems.
Influence of biopreparations on the content of proline and chlorophyll Sorghum bicolor L. in Steppe conditions
Authors: Abdurashytova E. R. , Abdurashytov S. F. , Turin E. E.
Published: December 2020

The use of biopreparations on sorghum contributed to a 38.2% increase in proline and 1.4 times more yields in a dry year, and in a favorable year, seed pre-sowing inoculation reduced the concentration of proline (by 49.8%) and chlorophyll (by 6.5%).
The seed proteome of pea (Pisum sativum L.) lines different in their response to beneficial microorganisms highlights the different strategies for seed production in plants
Authors: Afonin A. M. , Mamontova T. , Soboleva A. , Lukasheva E. , Sulima A. S. , Shtark O. Y. , Kulaeva O. , Gribchenko E. , Romanyuk D. , Akhtemova G. A. , Povydysh M. N. , Sinz A. , Frolov A. , Zhukov V. A. , Tikhonovich I. A.
Published: December 2020

The analysis of the seed proteome of pea lines contrasting in their responsiveness to inoculation with soil microorganisms revealed the mechanisms underlying the extension of the seed filling phase in highly responsive line K-8274.
The number of microbes-symbionts directly depends on the development power of the root system of the plant
Authors: Akhtyamova G. A. , Chikov V. I.
Published: December 2020

Separation of the flow of seeds and fertilizers during sowing of barley and the subsequent processing of the sowing with ammonia made it possible to increase the number of shoots and the weight of plants by a factor of three, while reducing the consumption of mineral fertilizers.
Comparison of the reaction of barley plants to treatment with microorganisms producing auxins and cytokinins
Authors: Akhtyamova Z. A.
Published: December 2020

We studied the effect of bacterization of seedlings of barley plants with strains of hormone-producing bacteria B. subtilis IB-22 and P. mandelii IB-Ki14. The parameters of plant growth, as well as RWС and the content of chlorophyll in their leaves were estimated.
Influence of Azospirillum lectins on a stress-dependent change in the content of low-molecular antioxidants in plants
Authors: Alen’kina S. A. , Nikitina V. E.
Published: December 2020

It was shown that the lectins Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 (epiphyte) and Sp245 (endophyte) with different efficacy changed the content of ascorbate and glutathione in the initial period of exposure to CuSO4, CoSO4, ZnSO4, Pb(CH3COO)2 on the wheat seedling roots.
Pathways of wheat drought stress tolerance improvement under the influence of endophytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Allagulova Ch. R. , Avalbaev A. M. , Lastochkina O. V.
Published: December 2020

Endophytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis, which belongs to plant growth promoting microorganisms, are considered as an alternative to agrochemicals for increasing of wheat drought stress tolerance.
The influence of plant growth stimulating bacteria on phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soils
Authors: Bakaeva M. D. , Vysotskaya Li. B. , Arkhipova T. N. , Kuzina E. V. , Chetverikov S. P. , Rafikova G. F. , Korshunova T. Yu. , Loginov O. N. , Veselov D. S. , Kudoyarova G. R.
Published: December 2020

The mechanisms of the effect of bacteria oxidizing hydrocarbons and synthesizing hormones on plant resistance to oil pollution of the soil are studied.
Artificial symbioses of plants and microorganisms
Authors: Baymiev Al. Kh. , Vershinina Z. R. , Chubukova O. V. , Matniyazov R. T. , Baymiev An. Kh.
Published: December 2020

The report discusses the problems of creating artificial associations of cultivated plants and rhizobia using plant and bacterial adhesins, as well as systems of controlled synthesis of growth-promoting substances by rhizospheric microorganisms.
The effectiveness of the use of strains of soil microorganisms in the cultivation of spring wheat in the Primorsky Kray
Authors: Berezhnaya V. V. , Klykov A. G. , Sidorenko M. L. , Bykovskaya A. N.
Published: December 2020

The results of studies of the effects of nitrogen-fixing, phosphate- and potassium-mobilizing strains of microorganisms on the discovery of the potential of spring wheat during pre-sowing seed inoculation and seedling treatment in different phases of growth and development are presented.
The effect of melatonin and IAA on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledons seedlings in different spectral composition of the light
Authors: Boyko E. V. , Golovatskaya I. F.
Published: December 2020

We studied the effect of melatonin and IAA on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledons seedlings in red and blue light. The mutual influence of melatonin and IAA on the regulation of cotyledon growth under selective light was shown.
Effect of inoculation of the plant root system by the endophyte Cylindrocarpon magnusianum on plant performance when exposed to heavy metal salts
Authors: Bukharina I. L. , Islamova N. A.
Published: December 2020

The effect of inoculation of Cylindrocarpon magnusianum on plants under the action of heavy metal salts was studied. Effective partnership of the fungus and plants was revealed in the conditions most extreme for the life of plants.
Microbial preparations on the basis of endophytic bacteria for nutrition and protection of potatoes from diseases
Authors: Chebotar V. K. , Zaplatkin A. N. , Komarova O. V. , Baganova M. E. , Polukhin N. I. , Balakina S. V.
Published: December 2020

The microbiome of cultivated and wild potato species was studied, effective endophytic bacteria were isolated, and experimental samples of microbial preparations were developed. The effectiveness of microbial preparations based on Bacillus thuringiensis W65 and Paenibacillus xylanexedens N40 strains in the Leningrad and Novosibirsk regions on new potato varieties is shown.
Pectobacterium atrosepticum plasmid pPA21A is an important determinant of plant-bacterium pathosystem development
Authors: Diubo Yu. , Nikolaichik Ye.
Published: December 2020

Pectobacterium atrosepticum strain 21A can cause a strong hypersensitive reaction in Nicotiana tabacum. The pPA21A plasmid was found to be responsible for this phenotype. The plasmid genes involved are been identified.
Genomic analysis of Bacillus pumilus phytopathogenic strain 11–1–1
Authors: Evdokimova O. V. , Semenchukova E. A. , Valentovich L. N.
Published: December 2020

Pathogenicity studies with Bacillus pumilus bacteria showed that they could cause disease symptoms of the tested plants. Genome one of the most aggressive strains was sequenced for understanding on the pathogenesis.
Industrial cultivation of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana strain Dar
Authors: Frank Y. A. , Antsiferov D. V. , Glukhova L. B. , Ivasenko D. A. , Ivasenko D. A.
Published: December 2020

The work is focused on the selection of an appropriate substrate for solid-state fermentation using B. bassiana with the aim of a biopesticide production. The highest number of conidia was yielded during cultivation on polished rice moistened with water in a ratio of 1:1.5 and 1:2.
Prospects of fluorescence methods application for monitoring of cyanobacterial cultures in biotechnology
Authors: Grigoryeva N. Yu. , Liss A. A.
Published: December 2020

In the last few decades cyanbacteria became a valuable object of biotechnology. During their industrial cultivation growth rate, physiological state and algological purity of the culture should be controled permanently. One of the methods that can provide on-line monitoring of cyanobacterial cultures is a fluorescence spectroscopy.
Genetic characterization of pea (Pisum sativum L.) mutants P59 and P60, defective in nitrogen fixation
Authors: Klimenko O. P. , Kulaeva O. A. , Shtark O. Y. , Zhernakov A. I. , Tikhonovich I. A. , Zhukov V. A.
Published: December 2020

Several genes involved in development of symbiosis between pea and rhizobia haven’t yet been characterized in detail. Here, the first results of genetic analysis of pea mutants in the symbiotic genes Sym23 and Sym24 are presented.
Characteristics of the polysaccharide-producing culture Haloterrigena saccharevitans EG3QL57 isolated from the saltworks at lake Karun (Egypt)
Authors: Konnova S. A. , Ibrahim I. M. , Fedonenko Y. P. , Sigida E. N.
Published: December 2020

According to the physiological-morphological and molecular-biological characteristics, the halophilic representative of archaea strain-isolate from the saltworks of lake Karun (Egypt) was identified as Haloterrigena saccharevitans EG3QL57. The ability of H. saccharevitans EG3QL57 to utilize oil with an efficiency of 27.4%, resistance to the presence of concentrations of up to 5 mm of heavy metals in the growth medium is shown. It is shown that when the growth conditions of microorganisms are optimized, they produce up to 2.3 g/l of exopolysaccharides (EPS).
Scaling of the promising producer strains cultivation process of fungicidal metabolites
Authors: Kozitsyn A. E. , Sidorova T. M. , Asaturova A. M.
Published: December 2020

The optimal conditions in pilot bioreactors for deep cultivation of the genus Bacillus bacteria were selected according to a number of biotechnological parameters, and the dynamics of antifungal compounds synthesis in the process of the culture maintaining was monitored.
Growth of tobacco hairy roots with constitutive expression of the NtEXPA5 expansin gene
Authors: Kuluev B. R. , Musin H. G. , Gumerova G. R. , Chemeris A. V.
Published: December 2020

Tobacco hairy roots with constitutive expression of the NtEXPA5 expansin gene were obtained and analyzed, which were characterized by higher growth rates and increased productivity under normal conditions, as well as the action of stress factors.
Identification black rot pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris with biochemical tests
Authors: Kuznetsov M. A. , Scherbakov A. A. , Ivashchenko S. V. , Gorelnikova E. A. , Chervyakova N. S.
Published: December 2020

In work considered using API-10S test system for diagnoctic and identification black rot pathogen, Xanthomonas campestris bacteria.
Genetic determinants responsible for growth-promoting properties
of the rhizospheric bacterium Brevibacterium sp. MG-1
Authors: Lutfullin M. T. , Pudova D. S. , Moiseeva O. E. , Zaripova D. L. , Mardanova A. M.
Published: December 2020

The paper presents data on sequencing and genome annotations of the Brevibacterium sp. MG-1, capable of synthesizing IAA and siderophores. The genes responsible for the synthesis of ACC deaminase, auxins and hydroxamate type siderophores were identified.
The nature of the carbon source as a modulator of the response of bacteria to biologically active compounds (for example, colchicine and protatranes)
Authors: Markova Yu. A. , Belovezhets L. A. , Tretyakova M. S. , Cheremnykh A. M. , Levchuk A. A.
Published: December 2020

When assessing the impact of biological active compounds (colchicine and protatranes) on Rhodococcus erythropolis against the background of various carbon sources, an unusual effect of low concentrations of colchicine was revealed, that expressed in sharp stimulation of bacterial metabolism.
Research of the effect of a biological preparation based on the association of nitrogen-fixing bacteria on a legume culture
Authors: Martynenko V. V. , Rysbek A. B. , Kurmanbayev A. A. , Baigonusova Zh. A.
Published: December 2020

A field experiment with a biological preparation based on the association of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was carried out. As a result, the biological preparation had a positive effect on germination, length and vegetative mass of peas.
Features of mycorrhiza Trifolium pratense L. in various phytocenoses
Authors: Mazurek B. G. , Zhebrak I. S.
Published: December 2020

In four meadow phytocenoses after the restoration of anthropogenic biotopes, a high degree of mycotrophy of Trifolium pratense was established. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (arbuscules, vesicles, free and intra-root nonseptic mycelium) and dark-colored septic endophytic fungi (sporocarpies and free septic mycelium) were revealed in the roots of the studied plants.
Effect of wheat seed bacterization on the peroxidase activity under high temperature
Authors: Minaeva O. M. , Akimova E. E. , Zyubanova T. I. , Tereshchenko N. N.
Published: December 2020

The paper shows the possibility of using Aeromonas media and Pseudomonas extremorientalis to reduce the negative effects of elevated temperatures on wheat, which was evaluated through peroxidase activation.
Inactivation of genes lysR and mtfA increases antagonistic activity of bacteria Pseudomonas brassicacearum S-1
Authors: Muratova A. A. , Valentovich L. N.
Published: December 2020

Genes lysR and mtfA localized in chromosome of bacteria P. brassicacearum S 1 were inactivated. The role of these genes in the expression of strain antagonistic activity against several bacterial and fungal pathogens was investigated. The technique of markerless mutagenesis of bacteria P. brassicacearum was optimized.
Aldo de Albuquerque Barreto: vida dedicada à ciência e à tecnologia
Authors: Garcia Joana Coeli Ribeiro
Published: December 2020

Editorial, v. 7, n. 3.
SITE SELECTION ANALYSIS FOR SUITABLE AQUACULTURE FISH POND IN ANDONI L.G.A. RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: J. U. Richard , Ogba Chima
Published: December 2020

The Andoni Rivers, Creeks, and Lagoon have been under stress due to over fishing which has led to the extinction of many fishes and other aquatic species. The extinction of fish has also led to the modification of fishing methods from the previously known methods such as cast net, drag net, hook and line etc to a more sophisticated method like the cover bush, and Oyima in the big Rivers. The shortage of fish in the Rivers has also discourage youths from engaging themselves in fishing rather they choose to involved in crude oil theft, arm robbery, and kidnapping that are anti-people. This study utilizes GIS software and remote sensing technology for aquaculture site selection analysis in Andoni LGA, Rivers State, Nigeria that will create direct and indirect employment opportunities to the men, women, and the youths thereby eradicating youth’s restiveness in the area. The dataset used for the study are 2002 Landsat image, DEM data, and settlements point data. The software used is ArcGIS 10.1 for weighted over analysis and IDRISI TAIGA 16.0 for image classification. The three criteria (land use/ cover, DEM, settlement) were weighted in the weighted overlay tool with percentage of influence for lu/lc 40%, DEM 20%, and settlement 40%. The suitability model for aquaculture ponds was produced with seven (7) classes from not suitable class value “o” to very highly suitable class with value “6”. The very highly suitable class is made-up of 51 polygons with a total area of 278.1 Ha. this represents 1.0% of the total area (32928.4 Ha.), occurring more in the south and few in the northern map position along the Rivers. It was observed that the 51 polygons all have area that can support aquaculture ponds and also the location of it can support fresh and salt water ponds.  The class o (not suitable) represents the water body in the study area covering an area of 8099.0 Ha. this represents 29.15% of the land area. It is not suitable because aquaculture cannot be sited in the water body since its serves as the food basket of the people. This study therefore justified that GIS and remote sensing integration can be used for aquaculture site selection because of the spatial components inherent in the criteria. The Local Government Authority should considered aquaculture programmes as key to the eradication of unemployment and youths restiveness through direct investment in the sector.
UNDERSTANDING LEGAL BARRIERS TO FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN AFGHANISTAN: A CASE STUDY IN HERAT INDUSTRIAL ZONE
Authors: Alizai Ghulam Shah Adel
Published: December 2020

Since a century ago, there have been many efforts to attract foreign investment in Afghanistan. These efforts include the codification of laws and policies and the provisionof facilities for participation of foreign companies in the Afghan economy through partnership with the government and partnership with private sector in this country. Since 2001, with the support of the market economy system in Afghanistan's constitution and the reform of some governmental institutions, these efforts have been accelerating, hoping thatencouraging foreign investors and their presence in the market will improve the economic situation. Unfortunately, these efforts have failed to meet the market expectations and the Afghanistan’s government purposes in order to attract foreign investment in Afghanistan. Even in 2014, and after that, the outflow of capital (domestic and foreign) has also beenreported from the economy of Afghanistan. Various variables can be considered as an obstacle to the development of foreign investment in Afghanistan, war, corruption, lack ofinfrastructure, lack of energy, lack of trained workforce and non-accountability of the legal system are in this category. In this research, it was assumed that the existing challenges in different sectors of legal framework of foreign investment in Afghanistan are the main obstacles to the growth of foreign investment in this country. In order to prove the hypothesis, the study was carried out using the experimental research method by referring to the investors and experts in the economic zone of Herat in western Afghanistan. The research results indicate that in some sectors, the legal system needs to be reformed, but in general and by comparing the legal system with other variables, the measure of investors' satisfaction is satisfactory, and regulations are not as the main obstacle to the growth of foreign investment in Afghanistan, thus based on the analysis of data, the existing challenges in the laws and policies is not the main obstacle to the growth of foreign investment in Afghanistan. Therefore, it is necessary for Afghanistan's government to take into account the challenges such as security problems, corruption, lack of infrastructure, lack of energy and lack of trained workforce and take steps to address them.
EVALUATION OF THYROID DISORDERS IN SUDANESE PATIENTS WITH DOWN SYNDROME
Authors: FatahAlrahman Ayman , Babiker A. , Khalid Mosab .O. , Allzain Haghamad Allzain
Published: December 2020

Down syndrome is the most common life compatible chromosomal disorder responsible for the majority of mental retardation and deaths in infancy and childhood. The current study intended to evaluate the thyroid disorders in Sudanese patients with Down syndrome by assessment of thyroid function tests (T3, T4 & TSH) . It was descriptive case control study, carried out in Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, from March to July 2018. It included fifty (50) participants, thirty (30) of them as case group with Down syndrome and twenty (20) normal healthy subjects as control group. Their ages ranged from seven (7) to twenty eight (28) years.

The study findings showed significant variation in TSH level with mean  (2.66   ), (1.67 ) in case and control group respectively with P. value (0.001). There was also significant variation when compared children and adults mean TSH level (1.88   ),(2.59 ) with P. value of (0.03). There was insignificant differences in T3 level with mean  SD(1.04 .32),(1.11 ) between case and control group respectively with P. value of (0.08) . There was also insignificant difference in T4 level with mean  (6.09 ),(6.40 ) in case and control group respectively with P. value of (0.7). There were also insignificant differences in T4 and T3 levels between the age groups. As regard to the gender of the patients, there were insignificant differences of TSH, T4, and T3
THE EXISTENCE OF STATE POLICY GUIDELINES IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF ORDERING THE ORDER OF LAWS AND REGULATIONS
Authors: Utami Tanti Kirana
Published: December 2020

The emergence of the discourse of reviving the Outlines of the State Direction (starting now referred to as GBHN) or in standard terms is known as the reformulation of the national development planning system with the GBHN model derived from the recommendations of the Indonesian MPR for the 2009-2014 period is a must. The purpose of this article is to analyze how the Outlines of State Policy Existence in the perspective of a hierarchy of laws and regulations. This article concludes that the existence of State Policy Guidelines in the Hierarchy of rules and regulations and the state administration system must always be maintained because it aims to optimize good governance that can synergize the development programs of the Central Government and Regional Governments.
O uso do facebook nas aulas de química:
Authors: Nova João Batista Soares Vila , Andrade Alexandra Nascimento de , Morhy Priscila Eduarda Dessimoni , Gonçalves Carolina Brandão
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo, investigar as contribuições do uso do Facebook mediante uma intervenção pedagógica nas aulas de Química, com alunos da 2ª série do Ensino Médio, de uma escola Estadual da Zona Norte da cidade de Manaus - AM. A pesquisa fez uso da Fanpage, criando-a para os alunos discutirem, postarem e tirarem dúvidas sobre os conteúdos de Química, visto que a partir dos registros, constatou-se  algumas das dificuldades encontradas pelos alunos em entender os conteúdos deste componente curricular eram devido às aulas monótonas, o que justificava a falta de estímulo e interesse deles. Após a intervenção pedagógica, com o uso do Facebook nas aulas apurou-se, por meio das falas dos alunos, que a aprendizagem dos conteúdos foi satisfatória, uma vez que auxiliou o professor, e a eles próprios, que puderam tirar dúvidas e interagir nos fóruns, enviando vídeos e perguntas sobre os conteúdos estudados, contribuindo para o maior envolvimento de todos. Evidenciou-se que o uso das redes sociais, no caso o Faceboock, pode ser utilizado para analisar e resolver questões e exercícios de conteúdo programático, solucionando as dúvidas de maneira mais rápida, havendo a troca de conhecimento e informação. Destaca-se nesta pesquisa a importância na relação entre aluno e professor, e a necessidade de estimular a livre expressão dos discentes e o uso dos aplicativos e softwares para o seu processo educativo, em todas as disciplinas.
Um curso rápido de cálculo diferencial e integral para pré-universitários e calouros
Authors: Silva Thyago Celso Santos , Peixoto Paulo
Published: December 2020

Este texto consiste em um material didático voltado a estudantes prestes a iniciar sua graduação em física ou engenharia. Estamos convencidos de que um contato prévio com o cálculo diferencial e integral, em um nível adequado, é extremamente vantajoso para os calouros. Aplicações do cálculo à física são exploradas, e o texto inclui uma lista de exercícios, com respostas.
Palavras-chave: cálculo diferencial e integral, pré-universitários, aplicações do cálculo à física.
Comparison of Morphological Characters of Freshwater Crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) from Different Ecosystems in Indonesia
Authors: Widigdo Bambang , Hakim Agus Alim , Mashar Ali , Sari Iya Purnama , Wardiatno Yusli
Published: December 2020

Freshwater crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) as an invasive species has high capability to adapt in most waters in Indonesia. The extant distribution of this species in Indonesia causes observation of morphological charactersÃÂ  is important to be established. This study purpose is to compare the morphological characters of Cherax quadricarinatus from several locations in Indonesia waters, such as the river in Bintan Island, Toba Lake, and Lido Lake. The total of morphological characters was measured in twenty-two characters. The result of the Kruskal-Wallis test represented nine different characters between Toba, Bintan, and Lido. Cluster analysis illustrated the highest level of similarities between Toba and Lido. The growth rate of the dactyls, and carapace width, and ocular carapace length between Toba and Lido were similar, meanwhile between Toba and Bintan were different. C. quadricarinatus originating from river waters in Bintan Island has a different morphological character from Lake Lido and Lake Toba. The differences in morphological characters between locations are caused by differences in habitat characteristics in rivers and lakes.
Implementasi Modifikasi Kompresi Run-Length Encoding pada Steganografi
Authors: Suwardiman Suwardiman , Bimantoro Fitri
Published: December 2020

RLE is one of the methods to compress data, however it has disadvantages that the compressed data may become twice larger as the original size. Therefore, in this research RLE will be modified to solve the problem. In the experiment we tested 3 file format i.e. JPG, PNG and BMP. The testing on JPG and PNG shows that conventional RLE method is not able to compress all images because it obtained negative compression ratio with an average compression ratio about -98,2%, Meanwhile the compression with RLE modification shows that the all image successfully compress with an average compression ratio about 0,17%. The testing on BMP shows the conventional RLE method successfully compress 5 files out of 11 tested images with average compression ratio about -34,7%, Meanwhile the compression with modified RLE successfully compress all tested images with average compression ratio about 18,8 %.
Pengaruh Industri Batubara Terhadap Polusi Udara dalam Keseimbangan World Air Quality Index in India
Authors: Trianisa Krisma , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Kasiwi Aulia Nur
Published: December 2020

The research was conducted on the researcher's curiosity on various environmental problems that arise as a result of the condition of the earth that is no longer able to sustain all the needs and desires of humans are infinite. But to avoid too much discussion, research will focus on how coal's role in contributing to high levels of air pollution in India. Air pollution is one of the environmental problems that often gets the world's attention. Talking about air pollution must be very closely related to the State of India, whose position as the country with the worst levels of pollution in the world. The method in this study uses a type of qualitative method with the source of data in the form of a literature review that is journal articles that have relevance to the research topic. The data obtained through the literature review will then be carried out data analysis with data reduction stages, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of the study it can be seen that coal is the belle of fuel used by India as a support for the large energy needs of Indian society. Indeed, coal's natural resources have a positive impact on the economic situation and conditions of energy security in India, but there are more urgent things that need attention that is related to the negative impact of coal use in the form of pollution which is very dangerous for the survival of Indian society. Therefore, to protect the public from the worsening air conditions in India requires serious efforts from various groups, especially the government
Hasil Panen Pertama Biomassa Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) Setelah Pangkas Total Pada Tanaman Umur Tiga Tahun
Authors: Santoso Bambang Budi , Jayaputra Jayaputra
Published: December 2020

Pruning on Moringa trees aims to increase branching that affects the increase in yield of leaf biomass, and is also routinely carried out with the aim of plant performance provides benefits for ease of maintenance and harvesting as well as the sustainability of production. This pruning study aims to determine the effect of high pruning on the yield of Moringa leaf biomass in the third year of the production cycle, has been carried out in rainfed lowland rice fields. Randomly block designed trials with high pruning as a single factor, namely pruning at a height of 25 cm, 50 cm, 75 cm, and 100 cm from the ground, and was made in three replications. The results showed that the height of pruning had no significant effect on the yield of Moringa leaf biomass in the third year of the production cycle.
POLITIK HUKUM MEMBUMIKAN KARAKTER NILAI NILAI PANCASILA DALAM MENGHADAPI MASA NEW NORMAL COVID 19
Authors: Suryono Hassan
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKTujuan makalah ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana  gambaran politik hukum dalam membumikan  nilai nilai Pancasila  dalam menghadapi masa new normal covid 19.Penulis menggunakan  metode perbandingan  hukum yang dikeluarkan  oleh Pemerintah Republik Indonesia pada masa covid 19  dengan nilai nilai Pancasila. yang ditetapkan oleh  Kemendiknas dalam hal ini Badan penelitian dan Pengembangan Pusat Kurikulum yang ,menetapkan sejumlah nilai sikap dan perilakusebagai penjabaran nilai nilai Pancasila.Pada masa new normal muncullah  adaptasi baru yang berujud  perubahan perilaku untuk tetap menjalankan aktivitas normal  dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan dengan tujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan Covid-19. Politik hukum Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia No 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Penetapan kedaruratan  kesehatan masyarakat  Corona Virus Disease  yang pada intinya berisi (1) Bahwa Covid 19 sebagai penyakit yang menimbulkan kedaruratan masyarakat mencerminkan karakter nilai peduli lingkungan dan sosial ,(2) Negara /Pemerintah / wajib  menanggulangi penyebaran Covid 19 mencerminkan karakter nilai tanggung jawab ,kerja keras.Politik hukum Peraturan Pemerintah No 21 Tahun 2020 Tentang pembatasan sosial berskala besar dalam rangka  percepatan penanganan Corona Virus Disease 2019 ( Covid 19 ) yang pada intinya menyatakan (1) Diadakan pembatasan skala besar untuk mencegah menyebarnya  Covid 19 mencerminkan karakter nilai cinta tanah air dan tanggung jawab, (2) Setelah adanya penetapan pembatasan skala besar oleh Pemerintah /Menteri kesehatan / diperlukan adanya   kerja sama  dengan pemerintah daerah , hal ini mencerminkan karakter nilai demokratis , dan menghargai prestasi serta toleransi, (3) Adanya kreteria dan obyek  tertentu dalam penetapan  pembatasan sosial  berskala besar  mencerminkan karakter nilai disiplin ,jujur dan tanggung jawab. Politik hukum Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 tentang Kebijakan Keuangan Negara dan Stabilitas Sistem Keuangan untuk Penanganan Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) dan ditetapkan sebagai Undang Undang No 2 tahun 2020 mencerminkan karakter nilai peduli sosial dan tanggun jawab  Pencerminan karakter nilai tersebut diatas merupakan penjabaran nilai nilai Pancasila yang dilaksanakan oleh politik hukum  Keputusan Presiden  No. 11 Tahun 2020 ,Peraturan Pemerintah  No. 21Tahun 2020,dan Undang Undang No 2 tahun 2020.yang selanjutnya  diikuti dengan penunjukan Kepala Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana ( BNPB ) sebagai ketua satgas penanggulangan Covid-19.
POLITIK KEWARGANEGARAANBERBASIS NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA DIMASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Ramdhani Hilal
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAKMasa pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada kinerja ekonomi di seluruh dunia. Negara Indonesia memiliki tanggung jawab untuk memberikan perlindungan kepada tenaga kerja migran yang berada di luar negeri. Kasus permasalahan ekonomi yang dialami oleh tenaga kerja migran, mewajibkan negara bertanggung jawab akan perlindungan warga nagera di dalam negeri, akan tetapi juga bertanggung jawab atas perlindungan tenaga kerja migran di luar negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi realita dan solusi konseptual berbasis nilai-nilai Pancasila bagi tenaga kerja migran di luar negeri. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan politis-empiris dengan studi kepustakaan dengan sumber data jurnal, surat kabar, peraturan perundang-undangan dan kebijakan publik. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tenaga kerja migran di luar negeri, khususnya di Malaysia mengalami kesulitan ekonomi, berupa putus hubungan kerja, gaji yang dibayar hanya sebagian dan keterbatasan makanan. Dalam situasi tersebut negara perlu proaktif untuk melakukan survei tenaga kerja migran yang mengalami kesulitan ekononomi, menyalurkan bantuan dan memberikan perlindungan kesehatan sebagai bentuk implementasi nilai-nilai Pancasila. Kesimpulan bahwa pandemi covid-19 berdampak pada tenaga kerja migran Indonesia di luar negeri, negara perlu hadir untuk memberikan perlindungan ekonomi dan kesehatan sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab negara dan implementasi nilai-nilai Pancasila.
HUBUNGAN KERJASAMA PENGELOLAAN OBJEK WISATA GUNUNG GALUNGGUNG ANTARA PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA DENGAN PERUM PERHUTANI DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH
Authors: Fristmana Erga
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh potensi wisata yang ada di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat khususnya objek wisata Gunung Galunggung memiliki potensi alam yang indah dengan kearifan masyarakat lokal yang mampu menjadi daya tarik wisata, secara administratif kawasan wisata Gunung Galunggung dikelola oleh Perum Perhutani dan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Tasikmalaya hal ini membuat wisatawan harus membayar beberapa tiket masuk dalam satu kawasan wisata yang relatif mahal jika dihitung secara keseluruhan serta kurangnya efektivitas pengembangan wisata di kawasan tersebut. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kerjasama antara Perum Perhutani dengan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dalam mengelola objek wisata Gunung Galunggung dalam rangka memaksimalkan potensi wisata tersebut dan untuk mengetahui kontribusi pendapatan dari sektor pariwisata terhadap pendapatan asli daerah Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, yaitu suatu metode pendekatan yang menekankan pada ilmu hukum dengan cara penelitian terhadap hukum positif disamping juga berusaha menelaah kaidah-kaidah hukum yang berlaku. Teknik Pengambilan data yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan dengan mengumpulkan data sekunder dari buku-buku, karangan ilmiah, artikel, jurnal dan dokumen-dokumen yang berkaitan dengan yang di teliti. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu Hubungan kerjasama antara Pemerintah Kabupaten Tasikmlaya dengan PERUM Perhutani KPH Tasikmalaya dalam mengelola Objek Wisata Gunung Galunggung adalah dengan membuat MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) NOMOR:974/362/Disparbud/2014 tentang pemungutan retribusi dan karcis masuk Kawasan Objek Wisata Galunggung. Isi perjanjian tersebut mengenai penggabungan tiket masuk ke kawasan tersebut pendapatan daerah dari Objek Wisata Gunung Galunggung dalam rangka meningkatkan pendapatan asli daerah belum cukup memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan.
PENOLAKAN DISPENSASI PENGADILAN AGAMA CIANJUR TERHADAP PERKAWINANDI BAWAH UMUR MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 1974 TENTANG PERKAWINAN DAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Nurdiana Elan
Published: December 2020

Salah satu indikasi kematangan jiwa dan raga seseorang adalah usia dan oleh karena itu, penentuan batas minimal usia kawin menjadi sangat penting demi tujuan perkawinan itu sendiri. Latar belakang terjadinya penolakan dispensasi pernikahan oleh Pengadilan Agama Cianjur terhadap perkawinan di bawah umur salah satunya adalah usia calon pengantin wanita yang masih relatif muda, yakni 14 tahun. Selain itu, status pekerjaan calon suami yang dinilai oleh Majlis Hakim tidak akan dapat menjamin dalam pemenuhan hak-haknya kepada calon istrinya. Akibat hukum bagi perempuan yang melakukan perkawinan di bawah batas minimal usia perkawinan menurut Undang-Undang Perkawinan adalah tidak sah dan dapat dibatalkan atau ditangguhkan, sedangkan dalam perspektif hukum Islam, jika calonnya pengantin pria maupun wanitanya sudah baligh, dan rukun serta syarat perkawinannya terpenuhi, maka perkawinannya adalah sah.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM KORBAN KEKERASAN RUMAH TANGGA DALAM PERKAWINAN SIRRI DITINJAU DARI HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA
Authors: Rianfauzi Rianfauzi
Published: December 2020

Perkawinan merupakan sunnah Rasul yang dilakukan oleh makhluk Allah SWT. Tidak hanya makhluk Allah SWT berupa manusia, hewan serta tumbuh-tumbuhan pun melakukan perkawinan. Perkawinan yang merupakan sunnah Rasul merupakan perkawinan yang dilakukan oleh laki-laki dan perempuan, sehingga disebut dengan “pasangan”. Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga merupakan tindakan yang melanggar banyak peraturan dan mencederai hak, melanggar harga diri, martabat serta kerhormatan seorang istri, dan yang paling parah adalah dapat menimbulkan trauma terhadap orang yang menyaksikannya. Kasus nikah sirri atau nikah di bawah tangan hingga saat masih menjadi fenomena tersendiri. Nikah sirri adalah suatu perkawinan yang dilakukan di bawah tangan, atau tanpa dicatatkan oleh Petugas Pencatat Nikah pada kantor Urusan Agama setempat. Meski perkawinan tersebut telah memenuhi syarat rukun nikah, akan tetapi karena alasan tertentu, tidak dicatatkan di Kantor Urusan Agama.
KLAUSULA EKSONERASI PADA AKAD MUSYARAKAH MUTANAQISHAH DI BANK SYARIAH DALAM BENTUK AKTA NOTARIS DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PRINSIP SYARI’AH
Authors: Nu'man Mohamad Hilal
Published: December 2020

Klausula-klausula yang terdapat dalam akta akad pembiayaan syariah adalah klausula yang sudah menjadi bentuk baku dalam pembuatan akta akad pembiayaan syariah. Dalam pembuatan akad pada perbankan syariah pada umumnya berlaku format baku dimana draf telah disiapkan oleh pihak bank. Hampir semua akad termasuk akad pembiayaan muasyarakah mutanaqishah,  selanjutnya format atau draf tersebut menjadi dasar dibuatkannya akta akad pembiayaan musyarakah mutanaqishah yang buat oleh notaris, untuk itu diperlukan kajian dan analisis atas klausula baku pada akad pembiayaan muasyarakah mutanaqishah yang dibuat dalam bentuk akta otentik dihubungkan dengan prinsip syariah terutama dalam klausula tentang Jaminan, perbuatan Cidera Janji dan Akibat Cidera Janji. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan cara meneliti buku pustaka atau data sekunder, bersifat penelitian hukum deskriptif analisis dalam rangka mencari data dengan teliti dan lengkap tentang karakteristik suatu keadaan atau gejala-gejala yang dapat membantu menemukan mengenai Klausula Eksonerasi Pada Akad Musyarakah Mutanaqishah Di Bank Syariah Dalam Bentuk Akta Notaris Dihubungkan Dengan Prinsip Syari’ah. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan akad yang dibuat belum menunjukkan kesesuaian dengan prinsip syariah pada akad pembiayaan musyarakah mutanaqishah yang dibuat dalam bentuk akta otentik. Akad pembiayaan musyarakah mutanaqishah pada perbankan syariah dihubungkan dengan prinsip syariah yang dibuat dalam bentuk akta otentik terwujud dalam bentuk kesepatakan dan hal-hal yang diperjanjikan berdasarkan pada kesepakan, dalam akad yang disahkan oleh notaris yang harus dicapai secara bebas tanpa paksaan dengan memasukkan klausula ke dalam akad yang dibuatnya sesuai dengan kepentingan para pihak sejauh tidak berakibat kebathilan.
KEDUDUKAN HUKUM OBJEK JAMINAN SERTIPIKAT HAK MILIK YANG DIAMBIL ALIH OLEH KREDITOR (AYDA) SEBAGAI BADAN HUKUM DENGAN AKTA DE COMMAND
Authors: Febrianti Riska
Published: December 2020

Dalam hal pemberian kredit biasanya selalu disertai dengan pemberian adanya suatu jaminan, yang berfungsi untuk menjamin kepastian pelunasan akan utang oleh debitor kepada kreditor. Setiap hal yang berkaitan dengan pembuatan perjanjian tambahan atau accesoir berkaitan dengan jaminan, maka para pihak dilarang membuat janji bagi kreditor untuk dapat langsung memiliki objek jaminan apabila debitor wanprestasi. Pada praktiknya, seringkali dijumpai pemberian kredit dengan jaminan yang memberikan hak bagi pemegang jaminan atau kreditor untuk dapat langsung menjadi pemilik benda yang dijadikan jaminan apabila debitor dalam keadaan wanpretasi. Menjadi persoalan ketika pelaksanaan Aset Yang Diambil Alih (AYDA) oleh kreditor atas debitor yang mengalami kredit macet, serta kedudukan hukum objek jaminan yang diambil alih (AYDA) oleh kreditor sebagai badan hukum dengan Akta De Command. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis  pelaksanaan Aset Yang Diambil Alih (AYDA) oleh kreditor atas debitor yang mengalami kredit macet, serta kedudukan hukum objek jaminan sertipikat hak milik merupakan asset yang diambil alih (AYDA) Oleh kreditor sebagai badan hukum dengan Akta De Command.
PEMENUHAN HAK ATAS KESEHATAN ANAK PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KELUARGA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Komalawati Veronica , Siahaan Yohana Evlyn Lasria
Published: December 2020

Kehadiran seorang anak merupakan tujuan dan harapan yang ingin dicapai dalam mewujudkan hak berkeluarga dan mendapatkan keturunan. Anak sebagai keturunan orang tuanya diharapkan tumbuh dan berkembang dalam kondisi kesehatan baik fisik maupun mental yang sebaik-baiknya. Faktanya, tidak semua anak terlahir dalam kondisi sehat baik secara fisik maupun mentalnya. Anak-anak ini disebut sebagai anak penyandang disabilitas. Setiap keluarga memiliki cara masing-masing dalam menangani anak mereka yang menderita disabilitas. Ada yang dirawat dengan baik, namun ada juga yang diserahkan kepada pihak ke-tiga sepenuhnya dan tidak lagi memperhatikan kebutuhan khusus yang diperlukan anaknya. Kemungkinan terburuknya, anak tetap dalam kekuasaan orang tuanya, tetapi karena alasan ekonomi justru anak dieksploitasi secara ekonomi oleh orang tuanya sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan merumuskan bagaimana hak atas kesehatan anak penyandang disabilitas dapat dipenuhi sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku, dan bagaimana tanggung jawab orang tua serta pemerintah dalam memenuhi hak anak penyandang disabilitas. Spesifikasi penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis guna diperoleh gambaran menyeluruh dan sistematis tentang masalah yang diteliti. Analisis permasalahannya dilakukan melalui pendekatan secara yuridis normatif yaitu dengan menitikberatkan penggunaan data sekunder baik yang diperoleh melalui penelitian kepustakaan maupun penelitian lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemenuhan hak atas kesehatan anak penyandang disabilitas diwujudkan melalui suatu program kegiatan khusus tentang perlindungan bagi anak penyandang disabilitas berupa pelayanan kesehatan. Peran pemerintah dalam mewujudkannya adalah bertanggung jawab menjamin terlaksananya program tersebut terhadap anak penyandang disabilitas, dan orang tua bertanggung jawab mewujudkan hak anak untuk mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan yang dibutuhkannya. Sekalipun orang tua menyerahkan kepada pihak ke-tiga, ia tetap bertanggung jawab untuk mewujudkan hak anak tersebut.
Aplikasi Metode Seismik Refraksi dalam Menentukan Lapisan dan Tingkat Kekerasan Batuan di Bawah Permukaan Desa Medana Lombok Utara
Authors:   Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, PMIPA, Universitas Mataram, Ayub Syahrial , Zuhdi Muhammad ,   Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, PMIPA, Universitas Mataram, Rokhmat Joni ,   Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika, PMIPA, Universitas Mataram
Published: December 2020

The seismic refraction method is one of the geophysical methods which is based on measuring the response of seismic waves in the soil that are fractured along the soil and rock layers. One of the seismic refraction method application is to determine the layers and rocks types below the surface. This study uses a geophone as a catcher for seismic waves that are emitted below the surface. The waves caught on the geophone are converted into seismic data which can be read in a seismograph. Seismic data read by seismographs are already in digital form and stored in the central unit PASI 16S24-P. The results of the data analysis concluded that below the land surface of the village of Medana, there were 3 rock layers with a thickness of the first layer 3-4 meters, the second layer 2-5 meters and the third layer 10-17 meters. The first and second layers are still in the form of soil (less compact), while the third layer is in the form of rock (compact). The level of hardness (density) will be more compact in linear to the depth, the more the depth will be the more compact the rock. The depth in the form of hard rock starts from 16 meters to 23 meters from the ground level of the village of Medana, Central Lombok.