bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Rioja in a Cheese
Authors: Fusté-Forné Francesc
Published: February 2022

The ways in which people produce and consume food reveal both historical and contemporary dynamics attached to environmental and social factors. La Rioja is a Spanish region located in the northern area of the Iberian Peninsula which is famous for its wine. However, it also has a cheese which dates to the Medieval Ages. La Rioja landscapes and lifestyles are embedded in Camerano cheese, which is made in the Sierra de Cameros with a Protected Designation of Origin. The value chain of Camerano cheese is based on a close connection between people, places and practices. Drawing from a case study method and supported by a visual auto ethnography, results reveal the relevance of Camerano cheese and its trajectory from ancient to modern times from the perspective of local actors. While La Rioja wine may eclipse La Rioja cheese, this article adds to the understanding of local products as part of the narratives of food as a path to protect and promote local identities.
Disparity in Availability of Laboratory Testing for Syphilis Among Different Hospitals in Shandong Province, Eastern China
Authors: Chen Xinlong , Mi Xiongfei , Gan Yanling , Chang Degui , Liu Dianchang
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to understand the availability of laboratory testing for syphilis among hospitals in Shandong province. Basic information on hospitals that provide clinical health service for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and the type of laboratory tests for syphilis provided was collected and analyzed using the chi-square test. A total of 410 and 456 hospitals that provided clinical services for STI were surveyed in 2012 and 2018. Significant differences in the availability of nontreponemal tests were observed among different levels (χ2 = 6.624) and types (χ2 = 17.752) of hospitals in 2012, but not in 2018. A significant difference in the availability of treponemal tests was observed among different levels of hospitals in 2012 (χ2 = 9.937) but not in 2018. Significant differences in the availability of nontreponemal tests, titer of nontreponemal tests, and treponemal tests were observed among hospitals with different affiliations in 2018 ( P = 0.000; χ2 = 15.274, P < .001; P = .021) but not in 2012. The availability of nontreponemal and treponemal tests for syphilis among hospitals in 2018 was higher than that in 2012 (90.13% vs. 57.56%, χ2 = 121.219). The availability of laboratory testing has been much improved. Further efforts are needed to reduce the disparity in the availability among different hospitals.
Activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates in the equine systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Authors: Theuerkauf Kim , Obach-Schröck Carmen , Staszyk Carsten , Moritz Andreas , Roscher Katja A.
Published: February 2022

In humans, activated platelets contribute to sepsis complications and to multiple organ failure. In our prospective analytical study of cases of the equine systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), we adapted a standard human protocol for the measurement of activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLAs) in equine platelet-leukocyte-rich plasma (PLRP) by flow cytometry, and we investigated the hypothesis that activated platelets and PLAs are increased in clinical cases of SIRS. We included 17 adult horses and ponies fulfilling at least 2 SIRS criteria, and 10 healthy equids as controls. Activation of platelets was determined by increased expression of CD62P on platelets. Activated platelets and PLAs were measured before and after in vitro activation of platelets with collagen. Median expression of CD62P on platelets was significantly increased after activation in the control group: 1.45% (interquartile range [IQR]: 1.08–1.99%) initially versus 8.78% (IQR: 6.79–14.78%, p = 0.002) after activation. The equids with SIRS had significantly more activated platelets and PLAs in native PLRP than controls: CD62P 4.92% (median, IQR: 2.21–12.41%) versus 1.45% in controls (median, IQR: 1.08–1.99%, p = 0.0007), and PLAs 4.16% (median, IQR: 2.50–8.58%) versus 2.95% in controls (median, IQR: 1.57–3.22%, p = 0.048). To our knowledge, increased platelet activation and PLAs have not been demonstrated previously with flow cytometry in clinical cases of equine SIRS.
Investigation of plasma cell-free DNA as a potential biomarker in horses
Authors: Bayless Rosemary L. , Cooper Bethanie L. , Sheats M. Katie
Published: February 2022

Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a biomarker of ischemia, systemic inflammation, and mortality in humans with gastrointestinal disease. Cell-free DNA has not been investigated as a biomarker for equine colic, to our knowledge. We hypothesized that cfDNA could be measured accurately in neat equine plasma using a benchtop fluorometer and that plasma cfDNA would be elevated in emergency patients compared to healthy horses. Plasma was obtained from blood collected in Roche DNA stabilizing tubes. We used the Qubit 4 fluorometer and 1× dsDNA HS assay kit to measure cfDNA concentration in neat patient plasma and following DNA extraction of plasma with a commercial kit. Assay precision and linearity of dilution were satisfactory for neat plasma cfDNA, but DNA spike and recovery results were variable. Further, cfDNA concentrations in paired neat plasma and extracted-plasma samples ( n = 66) were not correlated. Median extracted-plasma cfDNA was higher in emergency patients ( n = 50) and a subgroup of colic patients ( n = 36), compared to healthy horses ( n = 19). Our results with extracted-plasma samples provide proof of concept for further investigation of plasma cfDNA as a biomarker in horses.
Severe osteogenesis imperfecta caused by CREB3L1 mutation in a cat
Authors: Takanosu Masamine , Kagawa Yumiko
Published: February 2022

We examined the clinical features and pathology, and identified the causative mutation, of osteogenesis imperfecta in a 2-mo-old kitten with growth retardation and abnormal gait. Blood and radiographic examinations were performed on presentation. Radiographs revealed decreased opacity of numerous bones. Fractures were observed in some long bones, including femur and tibia. Histologic examination of the tibia showed decreased osteoid and osteoblasts at the primary spongiosa extending from the growth plate. The periosteum was thickened, and cortical bone and osteoblasts were decreased. Consequently, osteogenesis imperfecta was diagnosed. Genomic DNA and total RNA were extracted from the skin and used for PCR. Whole-genome sequencing identified a 2-bp deletion (c.370_371delTG; p.C124fs), which resulted in a homozygous frameshift mutation on exon 3 of CREB3L1. This mutation introduced a premature stop codon, suggesting production of the truncated protein without a functional domain as a transcription factor for expression of COL1A1 mRNA. This error may have affected collagen fibril formation, leading to the development of osteogenesis imperfecta.
Lived Experiences of COVID-19 Patients With Pulmonary Involvement: A Hermeneutic Phenomenology
Authors: Firouzkouhi Mohammadreza , Kako Mayumi , Alimohammadi Nasrollah , Arbabi-Sarjou Aziz , Nouraei Taha , Abdollahimohammad Abdolghani
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of COVID-19 patients with pulmonary involvement. The hermeneutic phenomenology was chosen, as this approach can extract the participant experiences as COVID-19 patients. A total of 10 COVID-19 patients with the pulmonary disease were selected as participants after being discharged from the hospital by purposive sampling method until reaching saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and by using Greatrex-White and van Manen’s methods were analyzed. As a result of data analysis, five main themes were emerged: Symptoms of inducing fear, Annoying loneliness, death anxiety, Spirituality healing factor, and Valuable life again. Based on the results of the interviews, the participants’ experiences showed that patients infected with COVID-19, after being discharged from the hospital, due to mental and physical problems experienced during hospitalization, need comprehensive attention and care to regain their health during convalescence.
Voclosporin: A Novel Calcineurin Inhibitor for the Treatment of Lupus Nephritis
Authors: McArn Ann C. , Nixon Alexander R. , Jarrell Katherine L.
Published: February 2022

Objective:

To describe the safety, efficacy, and potential role in therapy of voclosporin, an oral calcineurin inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in January 2021 as an adjunct treatment for lupus nephritis.

Data Sources:

A literature search was conducted using PubMed with the following terms: voclosporin, Lupkynis, and lupus nephritis (January 1, 2010, to December 1, 2021). FDA product labeling was also reviewed for pertinent data sources.

Study Selection and Data Extraction:

All articles were considered for inclusion. English-language articles selected included preclinical and clinical studies examining the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and/or safety of voclosporin.

Data Synthesis:

Voclosporin has been studied as an adjunct immunosuppressive agent in patients with lupus nephritis. Drug design allows for a more predictable pharmacokinetic profile than other calcineurin inhibitors. Data suggest that adding this newly approved calcineurin inhibitor to a regimen of mycophenolate mofetil and corticosteroids produces promising therapeutic results. As such, voclosporin has been approved for use in patients with active lupus nephritis who are maintained on immunosuppressive therapy with mycophenolate mofetil and a corticosteroid.

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice:

Voclosporin may be a favorable calcineurin inhibitor in patients with lupus nephritis, due to a predictable pharmacokinetic profile. This allows for decreased therapeutic drug monitoring and suggests a favorable adverse effect profile. However, cost remains a consideration with this new agent.

Conclusions:

Current available data suggest that voclosporin is a promising adjunct treatment option for patients with active lupus nephritis who are maintained on mycophenolate mofetil and a corticosteroid.
Economic Impact of Ambulatory Clinical Pharmacists in an Advanced Heart Failure Clinic
Authors: Kido Kazuhiko , Colvin Bailey M. , Broscious Rachael , Bongiorni Sydney , Sokos George , Kamal Khalid M.
Published: February 2022

Background:

Clinical pharmacists play pivotal roles in multidisciplinary heart failure (HF) teams through the management of HF pharmacotherapy, but no study has examined the economic impact of HF ambulatory clinical pharmacists in an advanced HF clinic.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to evaluate the economic impact of HF ambulatory clinical pharmacist interventions in an advanced HF clinic using a cost-benefit analysis.

Methods:

This prospective observational study detailed HF ambulatory clinical pharmacist interventions over 6 months in an advanced HF clinic in a single-center tertiary teaching hospital. The economic impact of the interventions was estimated based on the indirect cost savings with pharmacist interventions and direct cost savings recommendations. A cost-benefit analysis was performed to assess the cost of delivering the interventions compared with the benefits generated by clinical pharmacists. Results were reported as a benefit-cost ratio and net benefits.

Results:

HF ambulatory clinical pharmacists made a total of 2,361 provider-accepted interventions over 6 months. Overall, the 3 most common intervention types were medication reconciliation (28.7%), dose change (20.8%), and addition of medication (12.3%). Anticoagulation (21.2%) was the most common intervened class of medication, followed by sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (12.3%) and angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (9.2%). The total net benefits were $55,553.24 over 6 months and the benefit-cost ratio was 1.55.

Conclusion and Relevance:

The addition of cardiology clinical pharmacists to an advanced HF clinic may be financially justified and cost-beneficial.
Attitudes Toward Medical Care and Sexual Orientation Identity in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals
Authors: Anderson Danielle M. , Tram Jane M.
Published: February 2022

This study examined factors of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) identity in relation to general attitudes toward medical care and specific attitudes of medical care avoidance. Through an online questionnaire, 114 participants who self-identified as LGB completed measures of LGB identity and attitudes toward medical care. Out of eight domains of LGB identity, identity affirmation, acceptance concerns, and identity superiority significantly related to overall attitudes toward medical care. In other words, an affirming experience with one's LGB identity significantly related to positive attitudes. Conversely, concerns about judgement for being LGB and beliefs that LGB identity is superior to heterosexual identity related to negative attitudes. Furthermore, stronger overall negative LGB identity significantly related to stronger attitudes of medical care avoidance. These findings suggest that both positive and negative aspects of LGB identity relate to attitudes toward seeking medical care. We discuss the implications of our findings for clinical work with LGB individuals and their loved ones.
Interactive Documentary Filmmaking and Student Engagement With Community
Authors: Sharma Andrew , Robeck Edward , Jaggi Ruchi , Chaudhari Mithunchandra , Patankar Sushobhan , Prakash Gagan
Published: February 2022

This paper describes a curricular project in which a network of media educators, in making a case for the educational and social values of an interactive documentary, integrated it in a media degree program to encourage activism in students and promote civic engagement. The project provides valid and important results in an immediate sense, while also establishing the foundation for strengthening the media curriculum at educational institutions. For educators, this has positive implications, as along with the traditional content we teach, we also strive to increase the awareness of civic issues among our students to make them better citizens.
Fugitive Futures and Knowledge Brokering: Adding Value, Habits, and Trust in Early Childhood Education and Educational Research
Authors: Reinertsen Anne B. , Ulla Bente , Larsen Ann Sofi , Moxnes Anna R. , Aslanian Teresa K. , Andersen Camilla Eline
Published: February 2022

This article is a collective act of writing preoccupied with the future of education. Our perspectives are different but what we have in common is a wish to explore and contribute to educational innovation. Through knowledge brokering, we try to create openings toward expanded meaning fields nourishing valuable diversities of onto-epistemic cultures ultimately preparing students for fugitive futures. Our project is complex and pluriverse like any brokering process for Other and innovation might be. Both method and means however are simple: Through using the concept of oxymoron ing as a rhetorical and epigrammatic device for revealing paradox and through this taking part in polysemantic ambiguity, new concepts, knowledges, and habits are possibilized. Through a montage of thoughts, theories, and stories, hopefully thinking for innovation is given a constant continuation.
Evaluation and Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors (Non-Medulloblastoma)
Authors: Cotter Jennifer A , Judkins Alexander R
Published: February 2022

Since the 1990s, the sheer number of defined central nervous system (CNS) embryonal tumor entities has continuously increased, with the trend accelerating in the most recent editions of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours of the CNS. The introduction of increasingly specific tumor groups is an effort to create more internally homogeneous categories, to allow more precise prognostication, and potentially to develop targeted therapies. However, these ever-smaller categories within an already rare group of tumors pose a challenge for pediatric pathologists. In this article we review the current categorization of non-medulloblastoma CNS embryonal tumors (including atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, cribriform neuroepithelial tumor, embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes, CNS neuroblastoma, FOXR2-activated, and CNS tumor with BCOR internal tandem duplication) and provide an overview of available ancillary techniques to characterize these tumors. We provide a practical approach to workup and development of an integrated diagnosis for CNS embryonal tumors.
Intraoperative Diagnosis for Pediatric Brain Tumors
Authors: Cotter Jennifer A , Szymanski Linda J , Pawel Bruce R , Judkins Alexander R
Published: February 2022

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are now the most common type of solid tumor in individuals aged 0–19 years, with an incidence rate in the United States around 5 per 100,000, accounting for about 1 out of 4 childhood cancers. Pediatric pathologists encounter brain tumor cases with varying frequency, but many of these encounters begin in the context of intraoperative consultation or “frozen section.” This review provides an overview of the technical aspects of intraoperative consultation specific to, or more helpful in, CNS tumors, emphasizing helpful cytologic and histologic features of the more commonly encountered pediatric CNS tumors, and illustrating some common diagnostic pitfalls and how these may be avoided.
Impact behaviour of hexagonal hierarchical honeycombs
Authors: Zhang Shuwen , Fan Tao
Published: February 2022

Honeycomb materials have been widely used in architecture, aerospace, and civil engineering in recent years. In this work, hexagonal hierarchical honeycombs with regular triangular substructures are studied. Based on the analytical model, expressions of the relative density and collapse stress are derived. Numerical results show that the substructure number, aspect ratio, and wall angle have different influences on the relative density. The collapse stress of hexagonal hierarchical honeycombs is sensitive to the relative density. Deformation modes of honeycomb structures depend on impact velocities, and secondary deformation is observed due to the introduction of triangular substructures. The kinetic energy and absorption energy of hexagonal hierarchical honeycombs are also provided to investigate the energy transformation and absorption. Because of the secondary deformation, hierarchical honeycombs have better energy absorption performance than conventional ones.
Who is responsible for responsible business education? Insights into the dialectical inter-relations of dimensions of responsibility
Authors: Shah Uzair , O’Reilly Dermot , Analoui Bejan
Published: February 2022

One criticism of the globalisation of Business Schools is the propagation of an instrumentalist, functionalist and market-based approach to education. While programmes such as the United Nations Principles of Responsible Management Education initiative have attempted to promote more socially responsible practice and pedagogy within Business Schools, there is little evidence of significant change. Although the extant literature explores the response of educators to such initiatives, little is known about how management educators interpret and make sense of their and others’ responsibilities, particularly in the Global South. In this article, we critically explore the ways in which lecturers in a private Malaysian Business School locate social responsibility within their understanding of responsible business education. We identify dynamics of responsibilisation and elaborate the dialectical inter-relations of four dimensions of responsibility – individual, interactional, group and collective. Our findings reveal the limited impact of the disruptive potential of responsible business education in this instance. However, we argue that alternative theories of responsibility and responsibilisation, indicated in the dynamic inter-relations between the dimensions of responsibility, remain a potent source of inspiration for changes within business education. We offer suggestions to inform efforts towards transformatively oriented and socially responsible business education.
Examining relationships among food’s perceived value, well-being, and tourists’ loyalty
Authors: Liu Shaopeng , Li Shiying , Chen Yuqing , Zheng Tianxiang
Published: February 2022

Although tourist destinations’ local food is increasingly popular with tourists, the problem of how food’s perceived value affects tourists’ loyalty still exists. Based on an investigation of 497 tourists in Guangzhou, China, this study explores the relationships among food’s perceived value, well-being, and tourists’ loyalty. Results show that emotional value, functional value, and social value indirectly affect tourists’ loyalty through the mediating effects of two dimensions of well-being (hedonic and eudaimonic). This paper offers fresh insight on the role of local food and provides suggestions for destination stakeholders on how to use local food to enhance tourists’ loyalty.
Long-term blood metal ion levels and clinical outcome after Birmingham hip arthroplasty
Authors: Pietiläinen Sakari , Lindström Miro , Laaksonen Inari , Venäläinen Mikko S. , Lankinen Petteri , Mäkelä Keijo T.
Published: February 2022

Background and objective:

Our aim was to assess long-term metal ion level changes and clinical outcome in patients with a Birmingham hip arthroplasty.

Methods:

For the purpose of this study, we identified all BHR hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) operations performed in Turku University Hospital. A random coefficient model was used to compare the change between the first and last metal ion measurement. A Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to assess the survivorship of the BHR HRA and BHR THA with metal related adverse events (pseudotumor, elevated metal ions above the safe upper limit, revision due to metallosis), or revision due to any reason as endpoints with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:

BHR HRA was used in 274 hips (233 patients). In addition, we identified 38 BHR-Synergy THAs (38 patients). Operations were performed between 2003 and 2010. Median follow-up time was 14 years for BHR HRA (range: 0.6–17) and 11 years for BHR THA (range: 4.7–13). In the BHR HRA group, geometric means of Cr and Co levels decreased from 2.1 to 1.6 ppb and 2.4 to 1.5 ppb, respectively, during a 3.0-year measurement interval. Metal ion levels in the BHR THA group did not show notable increase. The survivorship of BHR HRA was 66% in 16 years and 34% for BHR THA at 12 years for any metal-related adverse event.

Conclusions:

Patients with a Birmingham hip device do not seem to benefit from frequent repeated metal ion measurements. The amount of patients with metal-related adverse events was relatively high, but many of them did not require surgery.
Interaction satisfaction with university police: Procedural justice and perceptions of safety and fear on campus
Authors: Greenwood Ian D , Potterf Jebadiha , Moloney Chris , Prabha Unnithan N.
Published: February 2022

We investigate student satisfaction with university police interactions in the context of the practice of procedural justice. Drawing from a telephone survey project with a randomized sample of 1,400 university students, we identified 56 respondents who indicated direct contact with campus police. Student perceptions of university police officer conduct is evaluated through: (a) student satisfaction with campus police contact, (b) individual-level predictors of satisfaction, (c) contextual predictors of satisfaction, (d) student perceptions of campus safety, and (e) student fears of victimization on campus. The data are analyzed using multiple logistic regression models assessing the impact of procedural justice measures on student perceptions. We find that procedural justice is a significant predictor of student satisfaction across police interactions. However, it has no impact on student feelings of safety and mitigating circumstances for fear of victimization on campus across gender.
Algorithms as complementary abstractions
Authors: Matzner Tobias
Published: February 2022

The text diagnoses two opposing tendencies in the research on algorithms: the first abstracts and unites heterogeneous developments under the term “algorithm”; the second emphasizes specifics such as data sets, material conditions, software libraries, interfaces, and so on, thus dissolving that which apparently algorithms do into more fine-grained analyses. The text proposes a research perspective that resolves this tension by conceiving of algorithms as a relation between the abstract and the concrete that allows to capture both in their interdependence. This approach is informed by two motives: first, the necessity to connect detailed analyses of specific information technologies with general political concerns; and second, the application of recent feminist critiques of epistemology to the analysis of algorithms. The ensuing relational perspective on algorithms is connected to the genealogy of algorithmic technology before being demonstrated regarding the mutually complementing relationships: algorithms-materiality, algorithms-data, algorithms-code, and algorithms-interfaces.
Preliminary analysis of vibration characteristics of human body on high-speed train
Authors: Xu Hanwen , Xiao Xinbiao , Wang Qi , Han Jian , Jin Xuesong
Published: February 2022

To study the ride comfort of high-speed train passengers, a detailed human body–seat–vehicle–track coupled model is developed. This model adopts a dual-axis human-body dynamic model and considers the nonlinearity of the primary and secondary suspensions and the wheel–rail contact condition. Additionally, the input wheel/rail irregularity excitation data are measured for a high-speed railway line in China. According to the model, the root-mean-square (RMS) values of the acceleration for the passenger head at different positions of the car body are determined, and the effects of the car-body loading conditions, speed, and seat support parameters on the head vibration characteristics are studied. The results indicate that the RMS value is the highest for the passengers sitting in the front row near the window seat, followed by those sitting in the middle row of the car body. There are small differences in the RMS value between the passengers sitting on the left and right sides of the same row in the car body. At a certain speed, the track irregularity stimulates the rolling and pitching motions of the train. Therefore, effective methods should be implemented to avoid the inherent characteristics of the car body. Although an increase in the seat support stiffness intensifies the high-frequency vibration, it reduces the low-frequency vibration in the range of 0–15 Hz, reducing the RMS value of the head acceleration. When the train is loaded, the effect of passengers on the car body is similar to that of a damper or mass element, which can reduce the car-body vibration and enhance the ride comfort.
How do States Inform Nurses of Their Policies for Mandatory Reporting of Child Maltreatment?
Authors: Mudrick Nancy R. , Blackwell Julia , Watts Cherisse , Smith Carrie Jefferson , Williams Alex , Nielsen Kyrian A , Clark Lauren
Published: February 2022

Every state includes nurses as mandated reporters of suspected child maltreatment, and each state has its own law and policy regarding what is reportable and reporting requirements. These differences mean that generic training on child abuse and reporting needs to be augmented by practical state-specific information. In nearly every study of nurses, participants report having inadequate child abuse training. This paper presents an analysis of the information states post on their websites to educate nurses to appropriately identify and report suspected child abuse or neglect. Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions: (1) how do mandated reporting laws that apply to nurses vary by state, (2) what information do states provide on their child protection and Board of Nursing websites about child maltreatment and mandatory reporting, and (3) what training resources do states make available on their websites to educate nurse mandatory reporters to ably fulfill their obligation? Data on state-by-state practices regarding mandated reporting of child abuse were gathered from the Rape, Abuse, & Incest National Network (RAINN) database, review of state statutes, Child Welfare Information Gateway, Board of Nursing sites, and the Nursing Licensure Compact (NLC) website. This analysis found that states provide little guidance or education about their child maltreatment laws, and few have resources targeted for nurses. Given rising membership in the NLC it is critical for nurses to have education about state specific mandated reporting requirements. States should consider adding mandatory reporting training as a requirement for licensure and for continuing education.
Biopsy Forceps-Assisted Loop Snare Technique for Complex Retrieval of Inferior Vena Cava Filter
Authors: Yao Sicheng , Li Yangyang , Zhu Feng , Guan Sheng , Ge Xiaohu , Ci Hongbo
Published: February 2022

Severe tilt with embedded hooks is a common obstacle to successful inferior vena cava (IVC) filter retrieval. We present a case for which the biopsy forceps-assisted loop snare technique was successfully used to retrieve filters with hooks embedded in the IVC wall for which conventional retrieval failed. The technique is effective and provides a less-invasive, low-cost method for the complex retrieval of IVC filters.

Introduction:

Severe tilt with embedded hooks is a common obstacle to successful inferior vena cava (IVC) filter retrieval.

Methods:

Disposal biopsy forceps were used to remodel the filter hook in the center position to release the embedded hook from the caval wall.

Results:

The biopsy forceps-assisted loop snare technique was successfully used to retrieve filters with hooks embedded in the IVC wall.

Conclusion:

The biopsy forceps-assisted loop snare technique we present here offers a new solution for the complex retrieval of IVC filters. This technique may prove useful in cases where standard techniques at filter retrieval fail.
Fast procedure for vulnerability simulation of armored vehicles
Authors: Jensen Morten Rikard , Grate Steven , Khanna Kshitiz
Published: February 2022

The presented work discusses performing a V/L (Vulnerability/Lethality) analysis on an armored tank based on an RHA (Rolled Aomogeneous Armour) equivalence. It is shown how the approach works using small examples verified with hand calculations. Other more complex examples include a set of welded plates protecting a HYBRID III 50 Percentile Male ATD (Anthropomorphic Test Device). Considered response parameters are the VAA (Vulnerable Area Assessment) damage maps, expected protection capability plot, and damage area fractions. Furthermore, different V/L analyses of the Russian T-80 tank are displayed. It is illustrated how to apply the concept of explicit finite element models to find the critical RHA equivalent armor thickness at normal impact. It is done with terminal ballistic models for three materials: RHA, Aluminum 5083-H116, and Armox 500T.
Contributions of Social Research Methodologies to Social Change: Giving Voice to the Voiceless
Authors: Tawodzera Mazvita Cecilia , Mabasa Layane Thomas , Themane Mahlapahlapana
Published: February 2022

Historically, social research methodologies have been construed as being less significant in their contribution to social change. This perception emanates from those who view social research methodologies as an accessory to the natural sciences. Contrary to this view, this article, on the schooling experiences of children who have been left behind by their parents in Zimbabwe, is used to contribute to the debate. It seeks to present our experiences in the application of social research methodologies, including challenges and their contribution to social change. However, this change remains a contested issue in research because there is no consensus on how to measure it. The study followed a qualitative research approach, using an interpretive phenomenological study design. A purposive sampling strategy was used to select 12 secondary school children (12–18 years old). Data were constructed through two methods, interviews and document analysis. The overall finding of the study revealed that social sciences methodologies can make a contribution to social change. This was illustrated by the fact that when social methodological approaches were used, children were enabled to confidently express their lived experiences by creating a child-friendly environment such as child-centeredness, democratic participation and inclusivity. Consequently, the findings have shed some light on the way in which policy makers should develop policies with regard to left-behind children (LBC). On the basis of these findings, the article argues that social research methodologies can make a difference in social change, despite challenges that may emerge. The findings may have implications for social researchers and for our study. For example, the findings could minimise hermeneutics injustice by mediating what the marginalised groups, such as children, may express despite scepticism about their authenticity which is important for social change.
Robust monocular 3D object pose tracking for large visual range variation in robotic manipulation via scale-adaptive region-based method
Authors: Zhou Jiexin , Wang Zi , Bao Yunna , Wang Qiufu , Sun Xiaoliang , Yu Qifeng
Published: February 2022

Many robot manipulation processes involve large visual range variation between the hand-eye camera and the object, which in turn causes object scale change of a large span in the image sequence captured by the camera. In order to accurately guide the manipulator, the relative 6 degree of freedom (6D) pose between the object and manipulator is continuously required in the process. The large-span scale change of the object in the image sequence often leads to the 6D pose tracking failure of the object for existing pose tracking methods. To tackle this problem, this article proposes a novel scale-adaptive region-based monocular pose tracking method. Firstly, the impact of the object scale on the convergence performance of the local region-based pose tracker is meticulously tested and analyzed. Then, a universal region radius calculation model based on object scale is built based on the statical analysis result. Finally, we develop a novel scale-adaptive localized region-based pose tracking model by merging the scale-adaptive radius selection mechanism into the local region-based method. The proposed method adjusts local region size according to the scale of the object projection and achieves robust pose tracking. Experiment results on synthetic and real image sequences indicate that the proposed method achieves better performance over the traditional localized region-based method in manipulator operation scenarios which involve large visual range variation.
Abnormal uterine bleeding and associated factors among reproductive age women in Jimma town, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Gerema Urge , Kene Kumsa , Abera Deriba , Adugna Tesfaye , Nigussie Mebrat , Dereje Diriba , Mulugeta Temesgen
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

Abnormal uterine bleeding is any bleeding that deviates from normal menstruations. It differs in terms of frequency of bleeding, duration, and the pattern of bleeding during menstrual cycle or menopause. It is a major gynecological problem for medical visits among women in the reproductive aged group. However, data on abnormal uterine bleeding in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the abnormal uterine bleeding and associated factors among reproductive age women in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods:

Community-based cross-sectional study was employed from 1 January to 30 April 2020. Six hundred sixty women were selected by using systematic random sampling. Data were collected by using semi-structured questionnaires. Data were entered into EPI data version 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 25 software. All predictor’s variables with p value <0.25 in bivariable analysis were entered into multivariable logistic regression analysis. Variables with a p value of less than 0.05 in the multivariable analysis were taken as statistically significant predictors of abnormal uterine bleeding.

Results:

Out of 660 participants, 225 (34.1%) had abnormal uterine bleeding. From women with abnormal uterine bleeding, the prevalence of metrorrhagia, heavy periods, oligomenorrhea, inter-menstrual bleeding, polymenorrhea, and amenorrhea was 59 (26.2%), 54 (24%), 53 (23.5%), 46 (20.4%), 35 (15.5%), and 25 (11.1%), respectively. History of abortion (adjusted odds ratio = 1.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–2.41), history of uterine fibroids (adjusted odds ratio = 3.83, 95% confidence interval: 1.85–7.94), history of sexually transmitted infection (adjusted odds ratio = 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.33–3.66), and the history of intrauterine device (adjusted odds ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.39–2.97) were significantly associated with abnormal uterine bleeding.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of abnormal uterine bleeding was higher in Jimma town.
Time for themselves: Perceptions of physical activity among first and second-generation Pakistani women living in the Raval, Barcelona
Authors: Lansburgh Flora , Jacques-Aviñó Constanza , Pons-Vigués Mariona , Morgan Rosemary , Berenguera Anna
Published: February 2022

Objectives:

Pakistani women experience higher-than-average rates of certain chronic diseases, including diseases related to sedentary lifestyles. The aim of this study is to explore how first and second-generation Pakistani women living in the Raval, Barcelona, conceive of physical activity, and their barriers and facilitators around participating in physical activity, with the goal of increasing physical activity in this group.

Methods:

Qualitative research with an intersectional approach. Nine informal interviews with key community informants were conducted from November 2018 to January 2019 to gain background on the topic, using snowball sampling. Eleven individual interviews were conducted from February to June 2019. Seven were with Pakistani women having lived, or currently living, in the neighborhood of the Raval, Barcelona. Four additional interviews were conducted with non-Pakistani women key community informants who have worked extensively with this community. Thematic content analysis was carried out using ATLAS.ti.

Results:

First-generation Pakistani women generally did not have physical activity present in their daily lives, but by most accounts wished to. Areas that shed light on this included the following: limited economic opportunities and associated living conditions, barriers to social integration, health concepts and access to information, and cultural norms and related gender roles. For the first-generation, gender-related divisions of labor as well as the absence of the concept of self-care were particularly relevant barriers to their participation in physical activity. The experience of immigration-related grief emerged as a transversal theme which overlapped with multiple areas. While both generations expressed a need for the separation of genders during physical activity—as per their cultural interpretation of Islam—the lack of such spaces was highlighted as a principal barrier in physical activity among the second generation.

Conclusion:

These findings shed light on distinct elements that exert influence in Pakistani women immigrants’ participation in physical activity—among them: social and living conditions, access to public space, and gender-related work distribution and cultural norms—which are in turn influenced by first or second-generation immigration status. Considering the specific needs of both groups when proposing politics and health programs to encourage physical activity is paramount in order to successfully partner with these populations.
Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and associated factors among students in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Molla Alemayehu , Duko Bereket , Girma Bekahegn , Madoro Derebe , Nigussie Jemberu , Belayneh Zelalem , Mengistu Nebiyu , Mekuriaw Birhanie
Published: February 2022

Background:

Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecological complaints among adolescent women. It has been associated with short-term absenteeism in school and has a negative impact on academic and daily activities. Therefore, the aim of the study was to show the evidence on the magnitude and correlates of dysmenorrhea in Ethiopia.

Method:

In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched the literature from different databases such as PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, PsycINFO, and Cochrane library. We also used unpublished literature from Google, Google Scholar. The quality of the included articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data were extracted using a Microsoft Excel data extraction format. STATA version 14 statistical software was used for data analysis. To assess the heterogeneity of the primary articles, the Cochrane Q test statistics and the I2 test were carried out. Publication bias was inspected by funnel plot, and Egger’s test was performed to confirm the presence of publication bias. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its associated factors.

Result:

A total of 12 studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence estimate of dysmenorrhea among female students in Ethiopia is 71.69% (66.82%–76.56%). In our systematic review, among factors associated with dysmenorrhea, the family history of dysmenorrhea was frequently reported in included studies. Therefore, dysmenorrhea was significantly associated with a family history of dysmenorrhea (adjusted odds ratio = 4.69 (95% confidence interval: 2.80–7.85)).

Conclusion:

The pooled prevalence estimate of dysmenorrhea among students was much higher in Ethiopia. Health professionals and teachers should educate and support students to follow their menstrual cycle regularly in the event of irregular periods. There should be an awareness of the negative consequences of dysmenorrhea to reduce the physical and psychological stresses that affect women and their families.
Impact of Canadian human immunodeficiency virus non-disclosure case law on experiences of violence from sexual partners among women living with human immunodeficiency virus in Canada: Implications for sexual rights
Authors: Patterson Sophie , Nicholson Valerie , Gormley Rebecca , Carter Allison , Logie Carmen H , Closson Kalysha , Ding Erin , Trigg Jason , Li Jenny , Hogg Robert , de Pokomandy Alexandra , Loutfy Mona , Kaida Angela
Published: February 2022

Objectives:

People living with human immunodeficiency virus in Canada can face criminal charges for human immunodeficiency virus non-disclosure before sex, unless a condom is used and their viral load is <1500 copies/mL. We measured the reported impact of human immunodeficiency virus non-disclosure case law on violence from sexual partners among women living with human immunodeficiency virus in Canada.

Methods:

We used cross-sectional survey data from wave 3 participant visits (2017–2018) within Canadian HIV Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Health Cohort Study; a longitudinal, community-based cohort of women living with human immunodeficiency virus in British Columbia, Ontario and Quebec. Our primary outcome was derived from response to the statement: ‘[HIV non-disclosure case law has] increased my experiences of verbal/physical/sexual violence from sexual partners’. Participants responding ‘strongly agree/agree’ were deemed to have experienced increased violence due to the law. Participants responding ‘not applicable’ (i.e. those without sexual partners) were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression identified factors independently associated with increased violence from sexual partners due to human immunodeficiency virus non-disclosure case law.

Results:

We included 619/937 wave 3 participants. Median age was 46 (interquartile range: 39–53) and 86% had experienced verbal/physical/sexual violence in adulthood. Due to concerns about human immunodeficiency virus non-disclosure case law, 37% had chosen not to have sex with a new partner, and 20% had disclosed their human immunodeficiency virus status to sexual partners before a witness. A total of 21% self-reported that human immunodeficiency virus non-disclosure case law had increased their experiences of verbal/physical/sexual violence from sexual partners. In adjusted analyses, women reporting non-White ethnicity (Indigenous; African/Caribbean/Black; Other), unstable housing and high human immunodeficiency virus–related stigma had significantly higher odds of reporting increased violence from sexual partners due to human immunodeficiency virus non-disclosure case law.

Conclusion:

Findings bolster concerns that human immunodeficiency virus criminalization is a structural driver of intimate partner violence, compromising sexual rights of women living with human immunodeficiency virus. Human immunodeficiency virus non-disclosure case law intersects with other oppressions to regulate women’s sexual lives.
Design, synthesis, and characterization of a series of novel β-cyclodextrin functional monomers
Authors: Liu Zhimin , Xu Zhigang , Ma Liping
Published: February 2022

In order to increase its solubility in water and improve β-cyclodextrin combination with guest molecules, chemical modification of β-cyclodextrin is a feasible and effective method. A variety of β-cyclodextrin derivatives are designed and introduced for pharmaceutical complexation and analytical chemistry application. In this study, a series of β-cyclodextrin derivatives containing unsaturated bonds is designed and synthesized. The products are characterized by MS, FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. Some of the functional monomers may be used in the preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers, and preliminary studies have shown excellent molecular recognition ability. The prepared β-cyclodextrin functional monomers have potential application value in molecular recognition materials based on polymers.
Hypnotherapy for irritable bowel syndrome: patient expectations and perceptions
Authors: Donnet Anne-Sophie , Hasan Syed Shariq , Whorwell Peter J.
Published: February 2022

Introduction:

Numerous studies have shown that hypnotherapy (HT) is effective in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) using traditional symptom severity end points. However, there is now interest in capturing the patient’s perception of their illness and treatment because what patients expect from their treatment may differ from that of their healthcare provider.

Objective:

To record patient perceptions and expectations of hypnotherapy as well as their symptom response.

Methods:

150 consecutive IBS patients (116 females, 34 males, aged 16–81 years) receiving hypnotherapy completed questionnaires recording IBS symptom severity, quality of life, noncolonic symptoms, anxiety and depression levels before and after treatment. Their expectations and perceptions of HT were also recorded, including a free text reflection.

Results:

121 patients (81%) responded to treatment consistent with our previous experience. Symptom severity scores, noncolonic symptoms, quality of life, anxiety and depression significantly all improved after HT ( p < 0.001). Expectancy of an improvement with hypnotherapy was greater in those who did not respond to treatment (63%) than those who did (57%, p < 0.001). Scepticism and apprehension were common before treatment and replaced with enthusiasm afterwards. Free text responses after treatment were overwhelmingly positive. Patients also reported a variety of other benefits and even 20 of 29 symptom nonresponders (70%) still considered treatment worthwhile.

Conclusion:

Although initially perceived negatively, hypnotherapy improved symptoms and resulted in a wide range of additional benefits. Expectation did not necessarily influence outcome. Recording IBS symptoms alone does not fully capture the patient’s experience of treatment and needs to be considered in future research.