bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplicación de la guía de trauma dental de la　asociación internacional de traumatología dental en un grupo de odontólogos paraguayos
Authors: Gamarra José , Gómez Osmar , Olmedo Cecilia , Benítez de Forcadell Stela , Diaz Reissner Clarisse , Fretes Vicente
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar la aplicación de la guía de trauma dental según la IADT en un grupo de　odontólogos paraguayos entre los meses de enero y mayo del 2021. El estudio fue observacional　descriptivo de corte transversal. Formaron parte del estudio un grupo de odontólogos paraguayos con　acceso a internet que deseaban participar. El instrumento de medición utilizado fue un cuestionario　cerrado de 20 preguntas basadas en la guía de la IADT, confeccionado en formularios de Google,　distribuidos por mensajería instantánea entre los meses de enero y abril del 2021. Basado en la Guía　para la Evaluación y Manejo de Lesiones Dentales Traumáticas de la Asociación Internacional de　Traumatología Dental (IADT), el cuestionario cuenta con 20 preguntas sobre la evaluación de　signos clínicos y radiográficos, determinación de variables de tratamiento, diferenciación del tipo de　tratamiento, consecuencias biológicas del trauma, materiales y tiempo de entablillado, e indicaciones　postoperatorias y medicación. Resultados: Participaron 230 odontólogos, con un promedio de 33　(DE = 6,4) años y el 70,43% fueron mujeres. El 30,87% fueron odontólogos generales y el 70,87%　ejerció exclusivamente en consultorio privado. El 68,70% respondió que poseía experiencia acerca del manejo y tratamiento de traumatismos dentoalveolares. El 70,87% no ha escuchado hablar o leído acerca de la guía de trauma dental de la IADT. En cuanto al nivel de conocimiento, el 60% obtuvo medio. Conclusión: La mayoría de los odontólogos encuestados tuvo conocimiento medio, por lo que se recomienda promover el conocimiento de las guías internacionales de tratamiento de TDA.
Assessment of Lost Circulation Material Particle-Size Distribution on Fracture Sealing: A Numerical Study
Authors: Lee Lu , Dahi Taleghani Arash
Published: January 2022

Lost circulation materials (LCMs) are essential to combat fluid loss while drilling and may put the whole operation at risk if a proper LCM design is not used. The focus of this research is understanding the function of LCMs in sealing fractures to reduce fluid loss. One important consideration in the success of fracture sealing is the particle-size distribution (PSD) of LCMs. Various studies have suggested different guidelines for obtaining the best size distribution of LCMs for effective fracture sealing based on limited laboratory experiments or field observations. Hence, there is a need for sophisticated numerical methods to improve the LCM design by providing some predictive capabilities. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element methods (DEM) numerical simulations are coupled to investigate the influence of PSD of granular LCMs on fracture sealing. Dimensionless variables were introduced to compare cases with different PSDs. We validated the CFD-DEM model in reproducing specific laboratory observations of fracture-sealing experiments within the model boundary parameters. Our simulations suggested that a bimodally distributed blend would be the most effective design in comparison to other PSDs tested here.
Occurrence and Influencing Factors of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Sediments of the Largest Multi-habitat Lakes in Northern China
Authors: Wang Tongfei , Zhang Weijun , Zhang Meiyi , Liao Guiying , Li Liqing , Wang Dongsheng
Published: January 2022

Baiyangdian Lake is a typical and largest multi-habitat lake in the North plain of China. To understand the generation and transmission of antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) in multi-habitat lakes, the contents of nutrients (TC, TOC, TN, TP and TS), heavy metals (Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, As, Cd and Hg), 22 antibiotics, 16S-rRNA(16S), Class I integron (intI1) and 20 ARGs were determined. Samples were taken from the Fuhe river, river estuaries, reed marshes, living area, fish poods and open water of Baiyangdian Lake. The results showed that quinolones (QNs) were the main pollutants, and the content range was ND-104.94 ng/g. Thereinto, aac (6') -IB, blaTEM-1, ermF, qnrA, qnrD, tetG, sul1, sul2 and tetM were detected in 100%. The absolute abundance of sul1 was the highest (5.25×105copies/g-6.21×107 copies/g), which was the dominant ARGs. In these different habitats, the abundance of antibiotics and ARGs in river estuary was the highest, and that in reed marshes was the lowest. There was a significant positive correlation between the abundance of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd, Hg) and the absolute abundance of 11 ARGs (P<0.01). Redundancy analysis showed that Cu, Zn, intI1, TP and macrolides (MLs) were the important factors affecting the distribution of ARGs. Our findings provides a more likely driving and influencing factor for the transmission of ARGs in lakes with complex and diverse habitats.
Dynamic molecular ordering in multiphasic nanoconfined ionogels detected with time-resolved diffusion NMR
Authors: Karagianni Marina , Gkoura Lydia , Tsolakis Nikolaos , Romanos Georgios , Orfanidis Savvas , Panopoulos Nikolaos , Alhassan Saeed , Chatzichristos Aris , Hassan Jamal , Fardis Michael , Papavassiliou Georgios
Published: January 2022

Molecular motion in nanosized channels can be highly complicated. For example, water molecules in hydrophobic nanopores move rapidly and coherently in a chain, following the so-called single file motion. Surprisingly, fast molecular motion is also observed in viscous charged fluids, such as room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) confined in a nanoporous carbon or silica matrix. The microscopic mechanism of this intriguing effect is still unclear. Here, by combining NMR diffusion experiments in different relaxation windows with ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the imidazolium-based RTIL [BMIM]+[TCM]-, entrapped in the MCM-41 silica nanopores, exhibits a complex dynamic molecular ordering (DMO); adsorbed RTIL molecules near the pore walls orient almost vertically to the walls, while at the center of the pores anion-cation pairs diffuse collectively in a single file (SFD). Enlightening this extraordinary effect is of primary importance in designing RTIL-based composite materials with tuned electrochemical properties.
Prevalence of Smartphone Addiction and its Effects on Sub-Health and Insomnia: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Medical Students
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhang Ming , Zhou Zhiqing , Huang Long , Zhu Ergang , Yu Liang
Published: January 2022

Objective

This study aimed to assess the Chinese medical students’ smartphone addiction and its effects on sub-health and insomnia.
Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 14 October 2020 to 14 November 2020, by administering an online questionnaire to the students of Wannan Medical College.
Results

Of 2741 students who completed the survey, 1,447 (52.8%) had smartphone addiction. Don’t like the major(p=0.004),alcohol consumption (p=0.001),bring smartphone to bed(p= 0.000),depression(p=0.000) and anxiety(p=0.000) strong associations of smartphone addiction.The impacts of smartphone addiction on sub-health(p=0.000) and insomnia(p=0.000) are significantly.
Conclusion

This survey shows that the smartphone addiction detection rate of medical students was 52.8%. Don’t like the major, alcohol consumption,bring smartphone to bed,depression and anxiety students had a higher smartphone addiction detection rate. The sub-health and insomnia of medical students are associated with smartphone addiction.
Gas Permeability Change With Deformation and Cracking of a Sandstone Under Triaxial Compressiongas Permeability Change With Deformation and Cracking of a Sandstone Under Triaxial Compression
Authors: LIN Yuan-Jian , LIU Jiang-Feng , CHEN Tao , HUANG Bing-Xiang , Judith Kundwa Marie , BAI Hai-Bo
Published: January 2022

In this paper, a THMC (Thermal-Hydrological-Mechanical-Chemical) multi-field coupling triaxial cell was used to systematically study the evolution of gas permeability and the deformation characteristics of sandstone. The effects of confining pressure, axial pressure, and air pressure on gas permeability characteristics were fully considered in the test. The gas permeability of sandstone decreases with increasing confining pressure. When the confining pressure is low, the variation of gas permeability is greater than the variation of gas permeability at high confining pressure. The gas injection pressure has a significant effect on the gas permeability evolution of sandstone. As the gas injection pressure increases, the gas permeability of sandstone tends to decrease. At the same confining pressure, the gas permeability of the sample during the unloading path is less than the gas permeability of the sample in the loading path. When axial pressure is applied, it has a significant influence on the permeability evolution of sandstone. When the axial pressure is less than 30 MPa, the gas permeability of the sandstone increases as the axial pressure increases. At axial pressures greater than 30 MPa, the permeability decreases as the axial pressure increases. Finally, the micro-pore/fracture structure of the sample after the gas permeability test was observed using 3D X-ray CT imaging.
Effect of Tango on Motor Symptoms in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: WANG Xiao , SHEN Hong , WANG Yixin , MA Hongtao , LIANG Yujie
Published: January 2022

Objective: In this study, we systematically reviewed the efficacy of tango in alleviating the motor symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods: We searched internet databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science Core collection, and CNKI, for studies examining the effects of tango on the motor symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease, published from September 2021 to date. All types of tango intervention, including traditional tango, Argentinian tango, and adapted tango, were examined in our review. The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of methodologies used in the included studies. RevMan 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis.Result: Eleven studies that included 390 Parkinson's patients met our inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis indicated that after tango, PD patients showed a considerable decrease in the overall severity of motor symptoms and improvement in balance, functional mobility, fast gait velocity, preferred gait velocity, stride length, and gait cadence. Compared with exercise, tango showed stronger effects on balance and functional mobility; however, no significant differences in the severity of motor symptoms, fast gait velocity, or preferred gait velocity were observed between the group treated using tango and that treated using exercise.Conclusion: Interventions using tango may help alleviate the severity of motor symptoms, and specifically promote balance and functional mobility, in patients with Parkinson's disease. However, except for improving balance and functional mobility, tango showed no significant advantages over exercise in alleviation of motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease.
Landslide Hazard Assessment and Runout Simulation by Utilizing Remote Sensing, Geophysical, and Geological Techniques
Authors: Ullah Faheem , Su Li-jun , Cheng Li , Alam Mehtab
Published: January 2022

Landslide events in Karakorum ranges are frequent and have already damaged local infrastructures and roads. In the hilly regions, landslide characterization and predicting its deposition pattern are essential for accurate engineering hazard assessment. To this end, numerical simulation models are commonly used tools. However, appropriate model parameters are often not available to predict and generate real landslide scenarios. This work describes the use of multidisciplinary techniques to estimate the model parameters for a slope prone to landslide and simulate the hazard level. The first important parameter, landslide boundary, and dynamics were estimated from temporal satellite images by identifying the areas with prominent deformations using the Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) technique. The susceptible subsurface strata volume and the possible landslide initiation depth were determined with the electrical resistivity method. In addition, voxel 3D electrical resistivity models were created to present the depth of the existing rupture and the nature of subsurface strata. The soil mechanical parameters were calculated during field visits and laboratory tests. The parameters adopted from different techniques helped simulate the susceptible landslide volume and initiation depth. These parameters are a critical factor in developing an accurate high-speed landslide model through numerical simulation. The applied methodology is vital to understand the dynamics of a particular slope and perform accurate engineering hazard assessment with numerical simulation. The results are essential to predict the potential deposition areas of the landslide event accurately, minimize the risk level, and take proactive mitigation measures.
An Alternative Method for Adrenal Venous Sampling in Cases in Which Right Adrenal Vein Sampling is Difficult
Authors: Yamamoto Akira , Fukunaga Takeshi , Takeuchi Mitsuru , Nakamura Hiroki , Kanki Akihiko , Higaki Atsushi , Tamada Tsutomu
Published: January 2022

PurposeCatheterization of the right adrenal vein (rt.AdV) to obtain blood samples can often be difficult. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether blood sampling from the inferior vena cava (IVC) at its juncture with the rt.AdV can be an alternative to sampling of blood directly from the rt.AdV.Materials and MethodsThis study included 44 patients diagnosed with primary aldosteronism (PA) in whom AVS with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was performed, resulting in a diagnosis of idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) (n=24), and patients diagnosed with unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) (n=20; rt.APA=8, lt.APA=12). In addition to regular blood sampling, blood was also sampled from the IVC, as the substitute rt.AdV [S-rt.AdV]. Diagnostic performance with the conventional lateralized index (LI) and the modified LI using the S-rt.AdV was compared to examine the utility of the modified LI.ResultsThe modified LI of the rt.APA (0.4±0.4) was significantly lower than those of the IHA (1.4±0.7) (p<0.001) and the lt.APA (3.5±2.0) (p<0.001). The modified LI of the lt.APA was significantly higher than those of the IHA (p<0.001) and rt.APA (p<0.001). Sensitivity and specificity to diagnose rt.APA and lt.APA using the modified LI with threshold values of 0.7 and 2.2, respectively, they were 87% and 75%, respectively, and 94% and 94%, respectively.ConclusionThe modified LI has the potential to be an alternative method for rt.AdV sampling in cases in which rt.AdV sampling is difficult. Obtaining the modified LI is extremely simple, which might complement conventional AVS.
Transcriptomic Analysis of the White-rot Basidiomycete Lentinus Squarrosulus to Provide Insights Into Its Lignocellulose Biodegradation Ability
Authors: Ravichandran Aarthi , Kolte Atul , Dhali Arindam , Gopinath S , Srid Manpal
Published: January 2022

BackgroundBasidiomycetes are of special interest in biotechnological research for their versatile potential in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass, chiefly attributed to ligninolytic enzymes along with exo, endo β-glucanases, xylanases, esterases, pectinases, mannanases, cellobiohydrolases, polysaccharide monooxygenases. Relatively little is known about the metabolic process and the subsequent polysaccharide degradation. Transcriptomic analysis of lignicolous fungi grown on different substrates, although attempted by researchers, has focused on a fairly small group of species reporting the expression of fungal genes in response to lignocellulosic biomass as a substrate. This study accordingly reports analysis of transcriptome of a white-rot Basidiomycete L.squarrosulus grown in simple potato dextrose broth supplemented with aromatic compound, reactive black dye to gain an insight into the degradation ability of the fungus. RNA was sequenced using Illumina NextSeq 500 to obtain 6,679,162 high-quality paired-end reads that were assembled de novo using CLC assembly cells to generate 25,244 contigs. Putative functions were assigned for the 10,494 transcripts based on sequence similarities through BLAST2GO 5.2 and Function annotator.ResultsFunctional assignments revealed enhanced oxidoreductase activity through the expression of diverse biomass-degrading enzymes and their corresponding coregulators. CAZyme analysis through dbCAN and CUPP revealed the presence of 6 families of polysaccharide lyases, 51 families of glycoside hydrolases, 23 families of glycoside transferases, 7 families of carbohydrate esterases and 10 families of auxiliary activities. Genes encoding ligninolytic enzymes and auxiliary activities among the transcript sequences were identified through gene prediction by AUGUSTUS and FGENESH. Biochemical analysis of several biomass-degrading enzymes substantiated the functional predictions.ConclusionIn essence, L. squarrosulus grown in a simple medium devoid of lignocellulosic substrate demonstrated the presence of a repertoire of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, simplying that a source of lignocellulose is not required for the expression of these biomass-degrading enzymes. This study on the transcriptome analysis of L. squarrosulus revealed significant facts on this front and will definitely enhance the knowledge about the biodegradative ability of this fungus, potentially paving the way for efficient biotechnological applications utilizing its potency in biomass degradation and its future functional exploitation in biomass conversion applications.
From Waste to Waste: Iron Blast Furnace Slag for Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Aqueous System
Authors: Abdelbasir Sabah M. , Khalek Mohamed A. Abdel
Published: January 2022

Blast furnace slag (BFS) is considered a cheap sorbent for the get rid of Co2+ and Pb2+ ions from an aqueous medium. The slag is characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and zeta potential. The removal of Co2+ and Pb2+ ions was carried out using batch adsorption experiments from an aqueous medium. The influence of several variables as pH, duration, sorbent quantity, temperature, and preliminary ions concentration was considered. The isotherm, kinetic, thermodynamic, and recyclability were also conducted. The maximum uptake capacity for Co2+ and Pb2+ was 43.8 and 30.2 mg g-1 achieved at pH 6 after 60 min. contact duration. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of BFS for Co2+ and Pb2+ fitted well to Avrami and Freundlich models, respectively. The main sorption mechanism between BFS and the metal ions was ion exchange. The regeneration of the used slag was studied for reuse many cycles. In terms of economics and scalability, the treatment with the unmodified BFS has great potentials.
The Association Between Dietary Insulin Index and Load With Mental Health
Authors: Amirinejad Ali , Salehi-Abargouei Amin , Darand Mina , Davies Ian G. , Mirzaei Masoud , Mazidi Mohsen , Khayyatzadeh Sayyed Saeid
Published: January 2022

Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress are common mental problems in different populations. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the association between dietary insulin index (DII) and insulin load (DIL) and psychological disorders. Method: Participants (n = 10,000) aged 20-69 were randomly selected from 200 clusters in Yazd from the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study. Dietary intake of study participants was collected by a reliable and validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) consisting of 178 food items. DII and DIL were calculated from the FFQ data using previously published reference values. To assess psychological disorders an Iranian validated short version of a self-reported questionnaire (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 [DASS21]) was used.Results: No significant association was observed between DIL and DII with odds of depression or anxiety in crude and adjusted models. The individuals in the highest quartiles of DIL had the lowest odds of stress (OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.48–1.01, P-trend = 0.047). This association remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders in model II (OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.16–0.91, P-trend = 0.039) and the third and final model (OR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.16–0.91, P-trend = 0.041).Conclusion: Overall, consumption of foods with higher II as well as IL was associated with lower feelings of stress; however, no significant relation was observed between DII or DIL and risk of depression and anxiety. Further studies with longitudinal design are needed to confirm these results.
Topamax® and Ginger Oil Potential Neurotoxicity And Their Interaction in Mice Thru Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers, Neurotransmitters Expression and Immunohistochemical Measurements
Authors: Mabrouk Dalia M , makawy Aida El , Ahmed Kawkab A , Ibrahim Faten M
Published: January 2022

Background: Topamax® ® has multiple pharmacological mechanisms that are efficient to treat epilepsy and migraine. Ginger has been demonstrated to have gingerols and shogaols compounds that proven to cross the blood-brain barrier causing migraine relief, implying that it is useful in the treatment of migraines. Moreover, Topamax has many off-label uses. So it was necessary to explore the possible neurotoxicity of Topamax®, Ginger oil and their interaction in the mice brain. Methods and Results: Male mice were orally gavage with Topamax®, ginger oil (400mg/kg), and Topamax® plus ginger oil with the same pattern for one month. Oxidative stress markers, acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α), were analyzed in brain tissue. Histopathological examination by hematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemical glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and Bax expression analysis were done. The mRNA levels of GABAAR subunits, Gabra1, Gabra3, and Gabra5 were evaluated by RT qPCR. The analysis of data revealed that Topamax® elevated the levels of oxidative stress markers, neurotransmitters, TNF-α, and diminished the level of glutathione reduced (GSH). Topamax® exhibited various neuropathological alterations, strong Bax expression, and GFAP immune-reactivity in the cerebral cortex. The interaction effect of Topamax® plus ginger oil attenuated the changes induced by Topamax® in the abovementioned parameters. Both Topamax® and ginger oil upregulated the mRNA expression of gabra1 and gabra3 while their interaction markedly downregulated them. Conclusion: We can conclude that the Topamax® overdose could possibly cause neurotoxicity, but the interaction with ginger oil can reduce Topamax® -induced neurotoxicity and should be taken in parallel.
Study on Motion Management of Lung Cancer Treated by CyberKnife: Based on Tumor Position
Authors: Jing Shenghua , Wang Zhen , Jiang Changchen , Qiu Xiangnan , Wu Taincong , Zhang Yan , Li Yikun , Wang Wei , Sun Xiangdong
Published: January 2022

Purpose: We investigated the movement characteristics of lung cancers and the clinical accuracy of tracking lung tumors with Synchrony Respiratory Tracking System (SRTs) during the CyberKnife treatment. We also explored the influencing factors of accuracy. These data provided the appropriate expansion margins of patients with different respiratory characteristics, which was helpful to realize the personalized design of treatment plans of CyberKnife. Methods and Materials: 73 patients with lung cancer treated with CyberKnife SRTs were selected retrospectively for this study. The patient's age, gender, respiratory characteristics and tumor datas (tumor size, anatomical position and geometric position) were recorded. During treatment, the deviation was checked every 45 s and compensated by the synchronous respiratory tracking system.Results: The total mean motion amplitudes and standard deviations of lung tumors in superior-inferior (SI), left-right (LR), and anterior-posterior (AP) directions were 4.15 ± 3.47 mm, 3.98 ± 3.21 mm and 3.79 ± 2.73 mm, respectively. The overall mean correlation errors and standard deviations were 0.86 ± 0.45 mm, 1.04 ± 0.76 mm and 0.70 ± 0.47 mm, respectively. The overall mean prediction errors and standard deviations were 0.18 ± 0.17 mm, 0.35 ± 0.39 mm and 0.35 ± 0.42 mm, respectively. The correlation errors of LR direction were less correlated with the geometric position of the tumor (r = 0.38), and not correlated with the anatomical position of the tumor (r < 0.3). The prediction errors were moderately correlated with the respiratory amplitude (r = 0.588), and less correlated with the baseline drift and the motion amplitude of the tumor (r = 0.407 and 0.365, respectively).Conclusions: The patient’s respiratory amplitude, the tumor motion amplitude, the tumor baseline drift and geometric position were the main factors affecting the tracking accuracy. Tumors at different geometric positions should be treated differently to ensure sufficient dose coverage of the lung tumor target.
Heterogeneity of Soil Bacterial and Bacteriophage Communities in Three Rice Agroecosystems and Potential Impacts On Nutrient Cycling
Authors: Wang Yajiao , Liu Yu , Wu Yuxing , Wu Nan , Liu Wenwen , Wang Xifeng
Published: January 2022

Background: As genetic entities infecting and replicating only in bacteria, bacteriophages can regulate the community structure and functions of their host bacteria, but they are often overlooked because of their relatively low abundance. The ecological roles of bacteriophages in aquatic and forest environments have been widely explored, but those in agroecosystems remains limited. Here, we used metagenomic sequencing to analyze the diversity and interactions of bacteriophages and their host bacteria in soils from three typical rice agroecosystems in China: double cropping in Guangzhou, southern China, rice–wheat rotation cropping in Nanjing, eastern China and early maturing single cropping in Jiamusi, northeastern China. Bacteriophages were isolated and their functions on soil nitrogen cycling and effect on soil bacterial community structure were verified in pot inoculation experiments and Illumina MiSeq sequencing.Results: Soil bacterial and viral diversity and functions varied among the three agroecosystems. Genes detected in communities from the three agroecosystems were associated with typical functions; soil bacteria in Jiamusi were significantly enriched in genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, in Nanjing with xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, and in Guangzhou with virulence factors and scarce in secondary metabolite biosynthesis, which might lead to a significant occurrence of rice bacterial diseases. In the three ecosystems, 368 species of virus were detected. Notably, over-represented auxiliary carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) genes were identified in the viruses, which might assist host bacteria in metabolizing carbon, and 67.43% of these genes were present in Jiamusi. In bacteriophage isolation and inoculation experiments, Enterobacter bacteriophage-NJ reduced the nitrogen fixation capacity of soil by lysing N-fixing host bacteria and changed the soil bacterial diversity and community structure.Conclusions: Our results showed that diversity and function of paddy soil bacteria and viruses varied in the three agroecosystems. Soil bacteriophages can affect nutrient cycling by expressing auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) and lysing the host bacteria that are involved in biogeochemical cycles. These findings form a basis for better understanding bacterial and bacteriophage diversity in different rice agroecosystems, laying a solid foundation for further studies of soil microbial communities that support ecofriendly production of healthy rice.
Fast Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on Temperature Switching Deep Eutectic Solvent as A Green Extractant
Authors: Liu Qian , Li Zhiqiang , Wei Liulin , Chen Xiaomei , Xu Yidong , Zhao Jingchan
Published: January 2022

With the development of research, it was found that the dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) was limited by the tedious extraction process and toxic extractant. A thermo-switchable deep eutectic solvent (DES) was applied to the DLLME as a green extractant in this paper. The DES can be dispersed and aggregated by shaking and heating in the water during the extraction process due to the surfactant and thermo-switchable properties, which shortened the extraction time as low as 5 minutes. The feasibility of the developed method was verified using 4 organophosphorus pesticides and 5 pyrethroids as targets in simulated water samples, which showed good precision (RSD%, 0.8-9.7, n=3) and low detection limit (0.16-0.81 µg L−1, S/N = 3) under the optimal extraction conditions. This method was used to detect the pesticide content in four natural rivers in Xi'an, and the recoveries of these spiked samples at three concentrations levels were among 81–113%. This is the first time to combine the toxic-free and thermo-switchable properties of DES in DLLME to proposes a simple, fast, effective, and green pretreatment method.
RAB27A Promotes the Proliferation and Invasion of Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Li Qingyan , Zhao Huixia , Dong Weiwei , Guan Na , Hu Yanyan , Zeng Zhiyan , Zhang He , Zhang Fengyun , Li Qiuwen , Yang Jingwen , Xiao Wenhua
Published: January 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer worldwide. Though significant advances in prevention and diagnosis, CRC is still one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. RAB27A, the member of RAB27 family of small GTPases, is the critical protein for intracellular secretion and was reported to promote tumor progression. However, it is controversial for the role of RAB27A in CRC progression, so we explored the exact function of RAB27A in CRC development in this study. Based on the stable colon cancer cell lines of RAB27A knockdown and ectopic expression, we found that RAB27A knockdown inhibited SW480 colon cancer cell proliferation and clone formation, whereas ectopic expression of RAB27A in RKO colon cancer cells facilitated cell proliferation and clone formation, indicating that RAB27A is critical for colon cancer cell growth. In addition, our data demonstrated that the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells were suppressed by RAB27A knockdown, but promoted by RAB27A ectopic expression. Therefore, RAB27A was identified as an onco-protein in mediating CRC development, which may be a valuable prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target for CRC.
Spatial Pattern and Influencing Factors of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Music in Xiangxi, Central China
Authors: zhang xian yong , xiang hui , Liu Rui
Published: January 2022

Intangible cultural heritage of music (ICHM) is an important part of intangible cultural heritage (ICH), and research on ICHM has extremely important theoretical value and practical significance. In this study, we aimed to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of ICHMs and explore the main factors affecting their distribution in Xiangxi, Central China. Methods such as the nearest neighbor index, kernel density estimation, and buffer analysis were used in this study. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) the numbers of traditional music, traditional dance, traditional drama and quyi are 33, 34, 30 and 14, respectively, indicating that quyi is relatively lacking in Xiangxi; 2) the distribution of ICHMs in Xiangxi have spatial heterogeneity, and the main trend is agglomeration. The national ICHMs, provincial ICHMs and municipal ICHMs are mainly concentrated in the south, the west, and the central and northern regions, respectively. The high-density areas of traditional music and traditional dance are located in the south, of traditional drama in the west, and of quyi in the north. 3) The distribution of ICHMs is affected by four factors: namely rivers, topography, GDP and transportation. The 0-3 km buffer zone of the rivers, with 100% of national ICHMs, 83.33% of provincial ICHMs and 84.52% of municipal ICHMs, is the centralized distribution area of ICHMs. 100% of the national ICHMs, 94.44% of the provincial ICHMs and 91.67% of the municipal ICHMs are distributed in hilly (200-500 m) and low mountain areas (500-1000 m). Highways have the greatest impact on the distribution of ICHMs, followed by railways and ordinary roads. The economy has a significant positive impact on ICHM programs; the more developed the economy, the more ICHM projects. The results of this study can provide useful references for the theoretical research and practice management of ICH.
SHP-2 and canonical PD-1: SHP-2 axis regulate myeloid cell differentiation, anti-tumor responses and innate immune memory
Authors: Boussiotis Vassiliki , Christofides Anthos , Katopodi Xanthi-Lida , Cao Carol , Aksoylar Halil-Ibrahim , Mahmoud Mohamed , Strauss Laura , Tijaro-Ovalle Natalia , Pal Rinku , Boon Louis , Asara John , Vlachos Ioannis , Patsoukis Nikolaos
Published: January 2022

PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor induces T cell inactivation by recruiting SHP-2. However, T cell-specific SHP-2-deficient mice do not have improved anti-tumor immunity. We generated mice with conditional targeting of the Ptpn11 gene (encoding for Shp-2) in T cells (Shp2f/fLckCre) or myeloid cells (Shp2f/fLysMCre), and found that Shp2f/fLysMCre mice had diminished tumor growth. As determined by RNA-seq, this was paralleled by the presence of inflammatory neutrophils and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) with molecular signatures of enhanced differentiation, phagocytosis and antigen-processing and presentation. SHP-2 deficient TAMs also had increased monocyte and dendritic cell (DC) specification transcription factors, chemokine and cytokine production, and expression of immunostimulatory molecules that promote T cell recruitment and activation. Monocytes from tumor-bearing Shp2f/fLysMCre mice suppressed tumor growth after transfer to naïve recipients indicating development of innate immune memory. In bone marrow myelocytes, GM-CSF, induced PD-1 expression, phosphorylation and interaction with SHP-2, the Src family kinase Lyn, and GM-CSF receptor beta chain, indicating that the PD-1:SHP-2 axis targets a key pathway of myelocyte differentiation. In contrast, SHP-2 deletion or antibody-mediated blockade of the PD-1:PD-L1 pathway enhanced phosphorylation of the transcription factors HOXA10 and IRF8 that regulate myeloid differentiation and monocytic/moDC lineage commitment, respectively. Thus, SHP-2 and the PD-1:SHP-2 axis pose a signaling restrain to myeloid differentiation and monocyte lineage commitment resulting in a myeloid landscape that suppresses anti-tumor immunity.
Investigating the Effect of an Online Self-Care Training Program on Perceived Stress in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Marzban Arash , Farsi Zahra , Afaghi Effat , Rezaei Mehdi , Moradi Mohsen
Published: January 2022

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused many adverse effects, including increased stress in patients. The present study aimed to determine the effect of an online self-care training program on perceived stress in COVID-19 patients.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was fulfilled by recruiting 132 COVID-19 patients, referred to two hospitals in Isfahan, Iran, from February 20 to August 22, 2021. These patients were selected using the convenience sampling method, and were then randomized into experimental (n=63) and control (n=63) groups. The online self-care training program was subsequently presented to the patients in the experimental group, during six sessions of 30 minutes for two weeks. E-learning and educational content introduced through lectures, multimedia, and instructional videos using web platforms. Then, daily follow-up sessions continued until one month after the intervention. The data were collected administering an individual characteristic form and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) at three stages before, immediately, and one month after the intervention.Results: The mean scores of perceived stress before, immediately, and one month after the intervention in the experimental group were respectively 30.51±6.31, 24.59±4.66, and 26.57±3.82, and they were 29.78±4.81, 29.4±4.57, and 29.11±4.73 in that order in the control group. Moreover, no significant difference was observed between both groups at the pre-intervention stage (p=0.467), while the mean scores of perceived stress in the experimental group were lower compared with those in the control group immediately (p<0.001) and one month after the intervention (p=0.001). The mean scores of perceived stress in the experimental group before, immediately, and one month after the intervention had also changed in a significant manner (p<0.001), whereas there was no significant variation in the control group in this respect (p=0.298).Conclusions: The online self-care training program led to a reduction in perceived stress in COVID-19 patients. It is thus recommended to implement this cheap, safe, and efficient method to relieve perceived stress in such cases.
SELINA: Single-cell Assignment using Multiple-Adversarial Domain Adaptation Network with Large-scale References
Authors: Wang Chenfei , Ren Pengfei , Shi Xiaoying , Dong Xin , Yu Zhiguang , Ding Xuanxin , Wang Jin , Sun Liangdong , Yan Yilv , Hu Junjie , Zhang Peng , Chen Qianming , Li Taiwen
Published: January 2022

The rapid accumulation of single-cell RNA-seq data has provided rich resources to characterize various human cell types. Cell type annotation is the critical step in analyzing single-cell RNA-seq data. However, accurate cell type annotation based on public references is challenging due to the inconsistent annotations, batch effects, and poor characterization of rare cell types. Here, we introduce SELINA (single cELl identity NAvigator), an integrative annotation transferring framework for automatic cell type annotation. SELINA optimizes the annotation for minority cell types by synthetic minority over-sampling, removes batch effects among reference datasets using a multiple-adversarial domain adaptation network (MADA), and fits the query data with reference data using an autoencoder. Finally, SELINA affords a comprehensive and uniform reference atlas with 1.7 million cells covering 230 major human cell types. We demonstrated the robustness and superiority of SELINA in most human tissues compared to existing methods. SELINA provided a one-stop solution for human single- cell RNA-seq data annotation with the potential to extend for other species.
Pioneering Evaluation of GaN Transistors in Geostationary Satellites
Authors: Carvalho Nuno , Mostardinha Hugo , Matos Diogo , Sampaio Jorge , Pinto Marco , Gonçalves Patricia , Sousa Tiago , Kurpas Paul , Wuerfl Joachim , Barnes Andrew , Garat François , Poivey Christian
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present the results of a 6-year experiment in space that studied the effects of radiation in GaN electronics in geostationary orbit. Four GaN transistors in a Colpitts oscillator configuration were flown in the Component Technology Test-Bed aboard the Alphasat telecommunication satellite. A heuristic analysis was performed by observing the variation in the power output of the oscillators with the total ionizing dose gathered during the mission. The total ionizing dose was measured with a RADFET placed close to the GaN devices. The experiment showed that GaN is a robust technology that can be used in the space radiation environment of a geostationary orbit. The work presented here starts with a brief introduction of the subject, the motivation and the main goal. This is followed by the description of the experimental setup, including the details of the oscillator design and simulations, as well as the implementation of the test bead and the Components Technology Test Bed. Finally, the results obtained during the 6 years of experience in space are discussed.
Neurotoxic Amyloidogenic Peptides in the Proteome of SARS-COV2: Potential Implications for Neurological Symptoms in COVID-19
Authors: Charnley Mirren , Islam Saba , Bindra Guneet , Engwirda Jeremy , Ratcliffe Julian , Zhou Jiangtao , Mezzenga Raffaele , Hulett Mark , Han Kyunghoon , Berryman Joshua , Reynolds Nicholas
Published: January 2022

COVID-19 is primarily known as a respiratory disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. However, neurological symptoms such as memory loss, sensory confusion, cognitive and psychiatric issues, severe headaches, and even stroke are reported in as many as 30% of cases and can persist even after the infection is over (so-called ‘long COVID’). These neurological symptoms are thought to be caused by brain inflammation, caused by the virus infecting the central nervous system of COVID-19 patients, however we still don’t understand the molecular mechanisms that trigger these symptoms. The neurological effects of COVID-19 share many similarities to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s in which the presence of cytotoxic protein-based amyloid aggregates is a common etiological feature. Following the hypothesis that some neurological symptoms of COVID-19 may also follow an amyloid etiology we performed a bioinformatic scan of the SARS-CoV-2 proteome, detecting peptide fragments that were predicted to be highly amyloidogenic. We selected two of these peptides from the open reading frame 6 (ORF6) and open reading frame 10 (ORF10) proteins. The amyloidogenic virus-derived proteins studied in this work did not include spike (S) protein or any other proteins that have been modified to function as antigens in any current vaccines. We discovered that these ORF protein fragments rapidly self-assemble into amyloid aggregates. Furthermore, these amyloid assemblies were shown to be highly toxic to a neuronal cell line. We introduce and support the idea that cytotoxic amyloid aggregates of SARS-CoV-2 proteins are causing some of the neurological symptoms commonly found in COVID-19 and contributing to long COVID.
Prediction of Renal Damage in Children with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Jinjuan , Chu Huimin , Pan Yueli
Published: January 2022

Background
This article is objected to explore the value of machine learning algorithm in predicting the risk of renal damage in children with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura, and to construct a predictive model of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Nephritis in children and analyze the related risk factors of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Nephritis in children.
Methods
Case data of 288 hospitalized children with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura from November 2018 to October 2021 were collected. The data included 42 indicators such as demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms and laboratory tests, etc. Univariate feature selection was used for feature extraction, and Logistic regression, support vector machine, decision tree and random forest algorithm were used respectively for classification prediction. Last, the performance of four algorithms are compared using accuracy rate and recall rate.
Results
The accuracy rate, recall rate and AUC of the established random forest model were 0.83, 0.86 and 0.91 respectively, which were higher than 0.74, 0.80 and 0.89 of the Logistic regression model; higher than 0.70, 0.80 and 0.89 of support vector machine model; higher than 0.74, 0.80 and 0.81 of the decision tree model. The top 10 important features provided by random forest model are Persistent purpura≥4weeks, Cr, Clinic time, ALB, WBC, TC, TG, Relapse, TG, Recurrent purpura and EB-DNA.
Conclusion
The model based on random forest algorithm has better performance in the prediction of children with allergic purpura renal damage, indicated by better classification accuracy, better classification effect and better generalization performance.
Assessment of The Association of OCT3/4 With GLUT1 And CD105 In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Dual Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Derakhshan Samira , Mahdavi Nazanin , Khoozestani Neda Kardouni , Esfahani Bita Nasr , Heidarian Forouzan , Abolrahmani Ali , Rahrotaban Sedigheh
Published: January 2022

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer type affecting the oral and maxillofacial region. This study aimed to investigate the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in angiogenesis and hypoxic response in OSCC.Methods: This retrospective observational study evaluated 56 cases of OSCC using dual immunohistochemistry. Octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (OCT3/4) marker was used for evaluation of CSC activity. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) marker was used to evaluate the hypoxic response and angiogenesis, while endoglin (CD105) was used to evaluate the late stage of angiogenesis and blood vessel formation.Results: Overexpression of both OCT3/4 and GLUT1 was noted in early stage of hypoxic response and angiogenesis in OSCC, indicating the important role of CSCs in this phase. However, despite higher expression of CD105, the expression of CSC markers was not significant in the late stage of tumor progression and angiogenesis.Conclusions: CSCs could play important roles in initial stages of tumor progression and angiogenesis. Further studies are required to discover other biomarkers, their roles, and associated pathways of CSCs in OSCC.
Alterations in Social Brain Network Topology at Rest in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Yoon Narae , Huh Youngmin , Lee Hyekyoung , Kim Johanna Inhyang , Lee Jung , Yang Chan-Mo , Jang Soomin , Ahn Yebin D. , Lee Dong Soo , Kang Hyejin , Kim Bung-Nyun
Published: January 2022

BackgroundUnderconnectivity in the resting brain is not consistent in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is known that the default mode network is mainly decreased in childhood ASD. This study investigated the brain network topology as the changes in the connection strength and network efficiency in childhood ASD, including the early developmental stages.MethodsIn this study, 31 ASD children aged 2–11 years were compared with 31 age and sex-matched children showing typical development. We explored the functional connectivity based on graph filtration by assessing the single linkage distance and global and nodal efficiencies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The relationship between functional connectivity and clinical scores was also analyzed.ResultsUnderconnectivities within the posterior default mode network subregions and between the inferior parietal lobule and inferior frontal/superior temporal regions were observed in the ASD group. These areas significantly correlated with the clinical phenotypes. The global, local, and nodal network efficiencies were lower in children with ASD than in those with typical development. In the preschool-age children (2–6 years) with ASD, the anterior-posterior connectivity of the default mode network and cerebellar connectivity were reduced.ConclusionsThe observed topological reorganization, underconnectivity, and disrupted efficiency in the default mode network subregions and social function-related regions could be significant biomarkers of childhood ASD.