bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of cane and beet sugar for second fermentation on “fruity” aromas in Auxerrois sparkling wines
Authors: Wilson Andrew , Charnock Hannah , Xu Shufen , Kemp Belinda
Published: May 2022

Traditional Method sparkling wine production requires a sugar addition to the base wine to initiate the second alcoholic fermentation in bottles. This study aimed to identify differences in “fruity” volatile aroma compounds (VOCs) in Traditional Method sparkling wines produced from the addition of either cane sugar or beet sugar to Auxerrois base wines. Wines underwent a second fermentation in bottles inoculated with IOC 18-2007 yeast and fermented at 15 °C. Standard chemical analysis was carried out on base wines and sparkling wines. The concentrations of fourteen “fruity” volatile aroma compounds representing five classes of compounds were analysed by Headspace-Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Cane and beet sugars were analysed in de-aromatised wine and distilled water to establish the concentrations of VOCs present in the sugar products prior to addition to wine. Wines were analysed on the day of inoculation and bottling and again after the second fermentation. Beet sugar significantly (Pt < 0.05) increased the concentration of linear fatty acid-derived ethyl esters (ethyl octanoate, ethyl hexanoate, and ethyl butyrate) compared to cane sugar in sparkling wine. These results are attributed to higher concentrations of medium-chain fatty acids found in beet sugar due to the duration of sugar beet storage prior to processing. Recommended future research includes monitoring aroma compounds during ageing on lees, sensory analysis, and an investigation of a wider range of sugar products permitted for use in sparkling wine production.
KONTRIBUSI RELIGIUSITAS TEHADAP RESILIENSI AKADEMIK MAHASISWA SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN DARING
Authors: Ulfa Miladiah Fakhriatul
Published: May 2022

Latar belakang: Banyaknya kendala dan tantangan yang dihadapi mahasiswa selama kuliah daring, mengharuskan mereka untuk memiliki ketahanan yang tinggi dalam dirinya agar mampu bertahan menghadapi kondisi sulit sehingga diperlukan resiliensi akademik. Religiusitas diyakini sebagai salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat resiliensi akademik, di mana religiusitas dapat membantu pencapaian resiliensi mahasiswa. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk melihat pengaruh religiusitas terhadap resiliensi akademik mahasiswa selama menjalani pembelajaran daring. Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan teknik sampling jenuh dan menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana untuk melihat nilai pengaruh religiusitas terhadap resiliensi akademik mahasiswa. Hasil: Diperoleh bahwa nilai signifikansi adalah 0,000 (p < 0,05) dengan persamaan regresi Y = 40,583 + 0,397X dan nilai R Square senilai 0,358 (35,8%). Kesimpulan: Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan religiusitas terhadap resiliensi akademik. Hal ini berarti religiusitas memiliki dampak yang signifikan dalam menentukan tingkat resiliensi akademik pada mahasiswa selama menjalani pembelajaran daring.

Kata kunci: religiusitas, resiliensi akademik, mahasiswa, daring.
Fermat’s Last Theorem Proved in Hilbert Arithmetic. II. Its Proof in Hilbert Arithmetic by the Kochen-Specker Theorem With or Without Induction
Authors: Penchev Vasil
Published: May 2022

The paper is a continuation of another paper (https://philpapers.org/rec/PENFLT-2) published as Part I. Now, the case of “n=3” is inferred as a corollary from the Kochen and Specker theorem (1967): the eventual solutions of Fermat’s equation for “n=3” would correspond to an admissible disjunctive division of qubit into two absolutely independent parts therefore versus the contextuality of any qubit, implied by the Kochen – Specker theorem. Incommensurability (implied by the absence of hidden variables) is considered as dual to quantum contextuality. The relevant mathematical structure is Hilbert arithmetic in a wide sense (https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3656179), in the framework of which Hilbert arithmetic in a narrow sense and the qubit Hilbert space are dual to each other. A few cases involving set theory are possible: (1) only within the case “n=3” and implicitly, within any next level of “n” in Fermat’s equation; (2) the identification of the case “n=3” and the general case utilizing the axiom of choice rather than the axiom of induction. If the former is the case, the application of set theory and arithmetic can remain disjunctively divided: set theory, “locally”, within any level; and arithmetic, “globally”, to all levels. If the latter is the case, the proof is thoroughly within set theory. Thus, the relevance of Yablo’s paradox to the statement of Fermat’s last theorem is avoided in both cases. The idea of “arithmetic mechanics” is sketched: it might deduce the basic physical dimensions of mechanics (mass, time, distance) from the axioms of arithmetic after a relevant generalization, Furthermore, a future Part III of the paper is suggested: FLT by mediation of Hilbert arithmetic in a wide sense can be considered as another expression of Gleason’s theorem in quantum mechanics: the exclusions about (n = 1, 2) in both theorems as well as the validity for all the rest values of “n” can be unified after the theory of quantum information. The availability (respectively, non-availability) of solutions of Fermat’s equation can be proved as equivalent to the non-availability (respectively, availability) of a single probabilistic measure as to Gleason’s theorem.
Blockchain Technology for Supply Chain Management: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Chang Aichih (Jasmine) , El-Rayes Nesreen , Shi Jim
Published: May 2022

In the current business environment, firms are eager to adopt new technology as they witness and perceive more and more successful business applications of new technologies, e.g., Big Data, Artificial Intelligence (A.I.), Cloud Computing, etc. As one of the disruptive technologies, Blockchain technology (BCT) is now drawing public attention owing to the cryptocurrency phenomenon (e.g., Bitcoin), for which Blockchain serves as the backbone technology. Given certain innovative features of BCT, especially its transparency, traceability, security, efficiency, confidentiality, and immutability, BCT holds out the promise of impacting supply chain operational and financial efficiencies. Recently, the burgeoning of Metaverse and Non-Fungible Token (NFT) has boosted the BCT as state-of-the-art technology to another notch. Motivated by the proliferating adoption of BCT, we conduct a holistic literature review with a focus on the status of research on BCT in the context of Supply Chain Management (SCM). In particular, this Blockchain-centered research reviews the research up to date on the Blockchain application in SCM. It provides holistic review in terms of (1) the functionality of BCT and its salient features; (2) the prevailing and potential applications of BCT; (3) and the business benefits and impact of BCT in SCM. Finally, we substantiate and highlight a variety of research directions.
Synthesis of Magnetic Bioactive Composites Thought Bio-Inspired Surface Modification
Authors: Volov Alexander , Shkodenko Liubov , Koshel Elena , Drozdov Andrey S.
Published: May 2022

Organically-coated nanomaterials are intensively studied and find numerous applications in a wide range of areas ranging from optics to biomedicine. One of the recent trends in material science is the application of bio-mimetic polydopamine coatings that can be produced on a variety of substrates in a cost-efficient way under mild conditions. Such coatings not only modify the biocompatibility of the material but also add functional amino groups to the surface that can be further modified by classic conjugation techniques. Here we show an alternative strategy of substrates modification using not dopamine but dopamine conjugates. Compared to the classic scheme the proposed strategy allows for separation of the "organic" and "colloidal" stages and simplifies identification and purification steps. Modification with pre-modified dopamine allowed to achieve high active components loading up to 10.5% wt. A series of organo-inorganic hybrids were synthesized and their bioactivity was analyzed.
Bis(m-Iodo)-Tetrakis(O-Methyl N-Phenylthiocarbamate)-Tetraiodo-Dibismuth
Authors: Arar Wafa , Khatyr Abderahim , Knorr Michael , Strohmann Carsten , Schmidt Annika
Published: May 2022

In order to investigate the coordination chemistry of O-alkyl N-aryl thiocarbamate ligands, BiI3 has been reacted with two equivalents of MeOC(=S)N(H)Ph in MeCN solution to afford the dinuclear title compound complexes [{I2Bi(μ2-I)2BiI2}{1-MeOC(=S)N(H)Ph}4] 1. Compound 1 has been characterized by IR, UV and NMR spectroscopy, the dinuclear framework has be ascertained by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study performed at 100 K.
Perioperative Management of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Bowel Perforation
Authors: Santoso Hafizh Nur , Dzikri Dykall Naf'an
Published: May 2022

Background: Anesthesia management applied during surgery in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is different from ordinary anesthetic management. It is known that currently, there are not many case reports discussing anesthetic management in patients with CKD.

Case Illustration: A 70-year-old patient with abdominal colic et causa abdominal perforation complained of abdominal pain accompanied by heavy bowel movements and flatus throughout the abdominal area. The patient was anesthetized by regional anesthesia with local agent bupivacaine and treated with laparotomy. Bupivacaine is the first local anesthetic drug with an acceptable onset of action, long duration of action, and a tendency for the sensory block to be greater than its motor block.

Conclusion: This case report explains the novelty of anesthetic management of CKD patients undergoing exploratory laparotomy surgery using the reported patient cases. Operations in patients with CKD are preferable to regional anesthesia.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Different Plate Configurations for Midshaft Clavicle Fracture Fixation
Authors: Kitzen Joep , Paulson Kent , Korley Robert , Duffy Paul , Martin C. Ryan , Schneider Prism S.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Dual-plate constructs have become an increasingly common fixation technique for midshaft clavicle fractures and typically involve the use of mini-fragment plates. The goal of this technique is to reduce plate prominence and implant irritation. However, limited biomechanical data exist for these lower-profile constructs. The study aim was to compare dual mini-fragment orthogonal plating with small-fragment clavicle plates for biomechanical noninferiority and to determine if an optimal plate configuration could be identified using a cadaveric model.

Methods:

Twenty-four cadaveric clavicles were randomized to 1 of 6 groups, stratified by computed tomography-based bone mineral content (BMC): precontoured superior or anterior fixation using a single 3.5-mm Locking Compression Plate (LCP), and 4 different dual-plating constructs utilizing 2.4-mm and 2.7-mm Adaptation plates or LCPs. An inferior butterfly fracture was created. Axial, torsional, and bending (anterior and superior surface loading) stiffnesses were determined through nondestructive cyclic testing, followed by a load-to-failure test in 3-point superior surface bending.

Results:

For axial stiffness, the 2 dual-plate constructs with a superior 2.4-mm and anterior 2.7-mm plate (either Adaptation or LCP) were significantly stiffer than the other 4 constructs (p = 0.021 and p = 0.034). For both superior and anterior bending, the superior 2.4-mm and anterior 2.7-mm plate constructs were significantly stiffer when compared with the 3.5-mm superior plate (p = 0.043). No significant differences were found in torsional stiffness or load to failure between the different constructs.

Conclusions:

Dual plating using mini-fragment plates is biomechanically superior for the fixation of midshaft clavicle fractures when compared with a single, superior, 3.5-mm plate and has biomechanical properties similar to those of a 3.5-mm plate placed anteriorly. With the exception of axial stiffness, no significant differences were found when different dual-plating constructs were compared with each other.

Clinical Relevance:

This study validates the use of dual plating for midshaft clavicle fractures.
Proxy Capacitance-Resistance Modeling for Well Production Forecasts in Case of Well Treatments
Authors: Gubanova Anna , Orlov Denis , Koroteev Dmitry , Shmidt Sergei
Published: May 2022

We disclose a new-age field-scale production forecast model that handles complex treatment of wellbores during their life cycle. Predictive production models have been an object of increased interest and research for a long time due to the need for a fast tool for forecasting production rates or choosing an optimal field development scheme. The existing approaches based on the material balance equation have several limitations and are not very applicable for real objects. Full-scale reservoir modeling is relatively slow and requires large computing resources. In this paper, we propose a proxy model based on advanced capacitance-resistance approach. The model predicts multiphase flow rates based on the available historical data of field production and information about well treatments. In addition, it provides preferable transmissibility trends, the presence of sealed or leaking faults, and the degree of dissipation between injector-producer well pairs. The advanced feature of the model is time-dependent weight coefficients, which have not been studied previously. They help in accounting the shut-in and workover periods and can be found during the optimization procedure simultaneously. Another feature is fast calculations due to a vectorized form of the model and application of modern optimization techniques. All these options allow modeling real oil fields with a large number of wells and a complex system of production control.
The case of a repulsive force in an inhomogeneous gravitational field without shedding momentum
Authors: Semikolenov Andrey
Published: May 2022

This paper considers the case of generating a repulsive force that acts on a body in an inhomogeneous gravitational field in the direction opposite to the force of gravitational attraction. This force differs from the known reactive force in that shedding momentum is not required to generate it, that is, it is not necessary, for example, to eject any mass. At the same time, a necessary condition for generating this type of force is the presence of an inhomogeneous gravitational field. Being able to generate force in this fashion is especially relevant for solving problems related to movement in empty space. In a sense, we could dub this force "quasi antigravitational".
Subtyping of obesity and type 2 diabetes using genetic discordance: a phenome-wide comparative analysis
Authors: Coral Daniel , Tajes Juan Fernandez , Tsereteli Neli , Giordano Giuseppe , Pomares-Millan Hugo , Mutie Pascal , Atabaki-Pasdar Naeimeh , Kalamajski Sebastian , Poveda Alaitz , Miller-Fleming Tyne , Zhong Xue , Cox Nancy , Franks Paul
Published: May 2022

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are causally related, yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly defined. We aimed to subclassify obesity into etiological subtypes using a genetic-driven agnostic approach. Genetic instruments for body mass index and type 2 diabetes were classified into profiles that convey highly concordant (48 SNPs) and discordant (19 SNPs) diabetogenic effects. We annotated association signals for these instruments across clinical and molecular phenotypic layers, spanning > 5,000 traits. Using a combination of machine-learning techniques, key differences were identified in fat distribution, liver metabolism, blood pressure, lipids and branched-chain amino-acids, as well as the sulfotransferase HS6ST2 and several bacterial taxa belonging to the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phyla. We reproduced the clinical differences with polygenic scores specific to each profile in an independent cohort, which revealed differential cardiovascular mortality by obesity subtype. Mendelian randomization analyses revealed prominent roles of waist-to-hip ratio, concentration and cholesterol content of HDL particles, and blood pressure in the causal processes leading to diabetes in obesity; through these analyses, we prioritized 17 genes from the discordant signature that convey protection against type 2 diabetes in obesity.
Hotel housekeepers and occupational health: experiences and perceived risks
Authors: Chela-Alvarez Xenia , Bulilete Oana , Garcia-Illan Encarna , Vidal-Thomàs MClara , Llobera Joan
Published: May 2022

Background
Hotel housekeepers are an important occupational group within tourism hotel sector; various health problems related to their job have been described, above all musculoskeletal disorders. The objective of this study is to understand the experiences and perceptions of hotel housekeepers and key informants from the Balearic Islands (Spain) regarding occupational health conditions, the strategies employed to mitigate them and the social context in which they occur.
Methods
A qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was carried out. Six focus groups with hotel housekeepers and 10 semi-structured interviews with key informants (including HHs, an executive housekeeper, health professionals and human resources personnel) were conducted. Next, we carried out a thematic analysis.
Results
Hotel housekeepers reported musculoskeletal disorders, anxiety and stress as main occupational health problems; while health professionals interviewed underscored the physical problems. Hotel housekeepers perceived that their work (characterized by being physically demanding and with repetitive movements) caused their health conditions. To solve health issues, HHs (i) used medication, mostly anti-inflammatory agents and painkillers and, to a lesser extent, sedatives and anxiolytics, which allowed them to continue working; (ii) go to health public services –specialist services in winter and general acute care in summer-, that were more positively perceived when HHs were treated by their family doctor; (iii) use personal protective equipment when suffering from specific health problems; (iv) follow ergonomic recommendations –with difficulties due to high work pace and hotel facilities- and (v) perform physical activity. Although HHs stated having all personal protective equipment needed, most reported an occasional use of it due to the high work pace and the discomfort of wearing gloves, mask and goggles. Two contrasting attitudes were identified regarding sick leave: some HHs refused to accept a doctor-prescribed sick leave –due to fear of being fired, sense of responsibility, downplaying their pain...-, while others accepted it –because they could not continue working, they prioritised health before work-.
Conclusion
Our results might contribute to plan improvement strategies to address health problems among hotel housekeepers, to improve the attention received in primary care settings as well as their working conditions.
Analysis of the Relations between Forestry Financial Supports and Forest Crimes
Authors: Sevinç Volkan
Published: May 2022

Forest crimes are among the serious threats destroying forests. To prevent the forest crimes there are various solutions proposed such as fortification of the laws, increasing the penalties, or increasing the public awareness. This article, however, suggests an alternative solution of preventing the forest crimes by investigating the relations between the individual financial supports provided to forest villagers and the rates of various forest crime types in Turkey. The study shows that, when the forest villagers are given financial supports, the levels of illegal logging, illegally expended trees, and illegal pasturage crimes decrease significantly. However, the financial supports do not affect the levels of illegal transfer of the forestry products, illegally expanding the lands into the forests, and illegal occupation of the forest areas crimes.
Semi-quantitative risk evaluation reveals drivers of African swine fever virus in smallholder pig farms and gaps in biosecurity, Tanzania
Authors: Fasina Folorunso O. , Mtui-Malamsha Niwael , Nonga Hezron E. , Ranga Svetlana , Sambu Rosamystica M. , Majaliwa Jerome , Kamani Enos , Okuthe Sam , Kivaria Fredrick , Bebay Charles , Penrith Mary-Louise
Published: May 2022

African swine fever (ASF) has remained persistent in Tanzania since the early 2000. Between 2020 and 2021, twelve districts in Tanzania were infected with ASF, and ≥ 4,804 pigs reportedly died directly due to the disease with disruption to livelihoods. We conducted semi-quantitative field investigations and rapid risk assessment (RRA) to understand the risk factors and drivers of ASF virus (ASFv) amplification and transmission in smallholder pig farms, and determine the gaps in biosecurity through hazard profiling, focused group discussions and experts’ opinions. Outbreaks were connected by road and aligned along the pig product value chain and reported in the northern, central and southern parts of Tanzania. The patterns of outbreaks and impacts differed among districts, but cases of ASF appeared to be self-limiting following significant mortality of pigs in farms. Movement of infected pigs, movement of contaminated pig products and fomites associated with service providers, vehicles, and equipment, as well as the inadvertent risks associated with movements of animal health practitioners, visitors and scavengers were the riskiest pathways to introduce ASFv into smallholder pig farms. Identified drivers and facilitators of risk of ASFv infection in smallholder pig farms were traders in whole pigs, middlemen, pig farmers, transporters, unauthorized animal health service providers and the traders in pork. All identified pig groups were susceptible to ASFv, particularly among shared adult boars, pregnant and lactating sows and adult female. The risk of ASF for smallholder pig farms in Tanzania remains very high based on a systematic risk classification. Majority of the farms poorly implemented biosecurity and no single farm implemented all the identified biosecurity measures. Risky practices and breach of biosecurity in the pig value chain in Tanzania are profit-driven and are extremely difficult to change. Behavioural change communication must target identified drivers of infections, attitudes and practices.
Dapagliflozin improves early diabetic nephropathy by downregulating PPP2R2A and CXCL12/S100A13 through ROS- dependent
Authors: Suhong Wang , Maoguang Yang , Yan Cheng , Lili Ning , Mo Li , Yan Yan , Hong Shen , Hanqing Cai
Published: May 2022

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), and dapagliflozin, a representative drug of sodium-glucose co-transport protein 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), is a novel hypoglycemic agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which has been shown to reverse microalbuminuria in early type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN), but the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. In this study, five patients with early T2DN treated in our hospital from October 2020 to May 2021 were selected for the study and were treated with insulin combined with dapagliflozin to lower glucose, and the initial insulin treatment was named as DN group, and the addition of dapagliflozin was named as DN-DAPA group, and another five patients with a healthy physical examination at the same period were selected as the blank control group (NC group). Patients' morning urine samples were collected and processed using iTRAQ unlabeled quantitative proteomics technology. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to obtain 193 differentially expressed proteins. 91 expressions were up-regulated and 72 expressions were down-regulated in the DN group compared with the NC group, and 11 expressions were up-regulated and 26 expressions were down-regulated in the DN-DAPA group compared with the DN group. Five significantly co-expressed protein molecules were screened at P < 0.05 and [logFC] >1.5: SOD1, SLC25A6, S100A13, PPP2R2A, CXCL12. Therefore, these differential proteins are associated with early T2DN injury. Molecularly, dapagliflozin improves mitochondrial oxidative stress and reduces urinary microalbumin excretion in early T2DN patients by inhibiting PPP2R2A and CXCL12/ S100A13 pathways to reverse early T2DN.
The efficacy and safety of regional citrate anticoagulation centrifugal plasma exchange is equivalent to those of systemic heparin anticoagulation membrane plasma exchange in patients with liver failure: a single center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Xin-Fang , Li Jia-Qiang , Liu Tian-Tian , Wang Yuan , Zhong Yao , Gao Qin-Mei , Zhang Qi , Yu Kang-Kang , Huang Chong , Li Ning , Lu Qin , Zhang Wen-Hong , Zhang Ji-Ming , Xia Rong , Zheng Jian-Ming
Published: May 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare with the efficacy and safety of regional citrate anticoagulation centrifugal plasma exchange and systemic heparin anticoagulation membrane plasma exchange in patients with liver failure.Methods: This study was a single center and retrospective study. All enrolled liver failure patients were treated with therapeutic plasma exchange. The patients treated by regional citrate anticoagulation centrifugal plasma exchange were defined as RCA group and those treated by systemic heparin anticoagulation membrane plasma exchange were defined as heparin group, respectively. Survival and clinical characteristics, including patients’ age, gender, total bilirubin, serum creatinine, international normalized ratio, platelet count, types of liver failure, arterial blood gas analysis, the model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, and occurrence of complications were compared between the two groups. Survival analyses of two groups and subgroups classified by MELD score were performed by Kaplan-Meier method and were compared by the log-rank test.Results: There were 69 patients enrolled in this study, 51 patients in RCA group and 18 patients in heparin group respectively. In overall patients, the 28-day mortality rate was 41% in RCA group and 39% in heparin group (P > 0.05). The 90-day mortality rate was 59% in RCA group and 50% in heparin group (P > 0.05). MELD best-fit value is 30, and area under the ROC curve is 0.7208 in the transplantation free patients with liver failure in both RCA group and heparin group. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of complications between the two groups.Conclusions: In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the efficacy and safety of regional citrate anticoagulation centrifugal plasma exchange is equivalent to those of systemic heparin anticoagulation membrane plasma exchange in patients with liver failure. RCA plasma exchange at an interval of 48 hours in patients with acute or acute-on-chronic liver failure may be an effective in reducing the occurrence of the complication of citrate accumulation. RCA centrifugal plasma exchange treatment can achieve a good prognosis and well tolerance, especially in MELD < 30 liver failure patients.
Non-invasive High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation Inhibiting Respiratory Motion in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Zhang Yanshan , Lia Xiaojun , Zhang Yihe , Ye Yancheng , Jen Yee-Min , Pan Xin , Li Xiaowei , Qin Tianyan , Li Pengqing , Lv Caixia , Qi Ying , Wang Xin , Yang Yuling , Ma Tong
Published: May 2022

Objective:
Precision radiotherapy needs to manage organ movements to prevent critical organ injury. The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility of motion control of the lung by suppressing respiratory motion. The non-invasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation (NIHFOV) is a technique commonly used in the protection of lung for patients with acute lung disease. By using a very high respiratory frequency and a low tidal volume, NIHFOV allows gas exchange, maintains a constant mean airway pressure and minimizes the respiratory movements. We tested healthy volunteers NIHFOV to explore the optimal operational parameter setting and the best possible motion suppression achievable, in the setting of radiotherapy.
Materials and methods:
This study was conducted with the approval of Institutional Review Boards of the Wuwei Cancer hospital (approval number:2021-39) and carried out in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki.The study comprises two parts. Twenty three healthy volunteers participated in the first part of the study. They had 7 sessions of training with the NIHFOV. The duration of uninterrupted, continuous breathing under the NIHFOV and the optimal operational machine settings were defined. Eight healthy volunteers took part in the second part of the study and underwent 4-dimensional CT (4DCT) scanning with and without NIHFOV. Their respiratory waveform under free breathing (FB) and NIHFOV were recorded. The maximum range of motion of the diaphragm from the two scannings was compared, and the variation of bilateral lung volume was obtained to evaluate the impact of NIHFOV technique on lung volume.The following data were collected: comfort score, transcutaneous partial pressure of oxygen ( PtcO2), transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide( PtcCO2), and pulse rate. Data with and without NIHFOV were compared to evaluate its safety, physiological impacts and effect of lung movement suppression.
Results:
All the volunteers completed the training sessions eventlessly, demonstrating a good tolerability of the procedure. The median NIHFOV-on time was 32 minutes (22–45), and the maximum range of motion (MRM) in the cephalic-caudal direction was significantly reduced on NIHFOV compared with FB (1.8±0.8cm vs 0.3 ±0.1cm, t=-3.6, 0,P = 0.003); the median range of motion was only 0.3 ± 0.1cm on NIHFOV with a good reproducibility. The variation coefficient of the right lung volume was 2.4% under NIHFOV, and the variation coefficient of the left lung volume was 9.2%.
Logarithmic Merkle and Post Quantum Iot Based Big Data Healthcare Analysis Using Blockchain
Authors: Sivaprakasam Manikandan , Amalraj Pushpa Vinu
Published: May 2022

The predominant responsibilities carried out all over the data life cycle, including data acquiring, processing, retrieval, and storage, have described the data management. Blockchain technology assists all of these data management procedures. Blockchain-based data management is outlined in healthcare to provide patients dominance over their data. Their consent permits patients and hospital authorities to control who has access to their data and track who has accessed it. For data processing, intelligent contracts-based data-processing-friendly architecture had designed. Finally, as far as data storage is concerned, data storage time, accuracy, and energy consumption remain the primary concern to be focused and this work proposes a novel method called Logarithmic Merkle Quantum-based Legendre Quadratic (LMQ-LQ) IoT-generated healthcare extensive data analysis using Blockchain. The LMQ-LQ process splits into four sections: First, a peer-to-peer network constructs using Blockchain Logarithmic Merkle Tree. Second, the distributed ledger form using the Post Quantum function with the constructed tree. Third, Legendre Quadratic Residue's consensus mechanism design with valid IoT-generated big data. Finally, an intelligent contract model shoots up automatically upon the execution of a transaction. The performance results of the proposed LMQ-LQ IoT generated healthcare extensive data analysis using Blockchain are evaluated in terms of data storage time, data storage accuracy, and energy consumption, respectively.
Increased warm water intrusions could cause mass loss in East Antarctica within 200 years
Authors: Jordan James , Gudmundsson G. Hilmar , Jenkins Adrian , Stokes Chris R , Miles Bertie , Jamieson Stewart
Published: May 2022

The East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) is currently surrounded by relatively cool water, but climatic shifts have the potential to increase basal melting via intrusions of warm modified Circumpolar Deep Water (mCDW) onto the continental shelf. Here we use an ice sheet model to show that under the current ocean regime, with only limited intrusions of mCDW, the EAIS will likely gain mass over the next 200 years due to the increased precipitation from a warming atmosphere outweighing increased ice discharge due to ice-shelf melting. However, if the ocean regime were to become dominated by greater mCDW intrusions, the EAIS would begin to lose mass after 200 years, with George V Land being particularly affected. We also find that a moderate warming scenario is likely to result in a more negative mass balance than an extreme warming scenario, as the relative difference between increased precipitation and ice discharge is greater in the moderate warming case.
Construction of proliferation-related lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhuang Xingxing , Zhang Weifeng , Liu Tao , Wei Liangbing , Guo Yanyan , Gao Jiarong
Published: May 2022

Lately, researches on lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network have been the hotspots, the present study explored the functional roles and regulatory networks of lncRNAs in chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). The proliferation ability of glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) induced by different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were detected with CCK-8 assay and RNA-seq was performed to study differentially expressed lncRNAs in LPS-induced GMCs. According to the sequencing results, 6 lncRNAs were selected for RT-qPCR validation. Furthermore, lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network were constructed to examine the role and mechanism of proliferation-related lncRNAs. To reveal the biological functions of lncRNAs, GO biological process and KEGG pathway analysis were we performed on all mRNAs involed in lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and ceRNA network. Finally, 1532 differentially expressed lncRNAs, including 594 upregulated lncRNAs and 938 downregulated lncRNAs were screened out by RNA-seq. The results of RT-qPCR validation were consistent with RNA-seq result. The lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network, including 236 lncRNAs and 556 mRNAs and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network, including 6 lncRNAs, 18 miRNAs, and 419 mRNAs were successfully constructed. The GO biological process and KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that those lncRNAs were mainly related to inflammatory response and substance metabolism. This study first identified key proliferation-related lncRNAs in LPS-induced GMCs, and further revealed a global view of lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network involved in CGN. Our findings offered novel insights into the roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of CGN and provided promising diagnostic biomarkers.
Clinical Efficacy of Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy for Lumbar Degenerative Diseases: A Minimum 6-year Follow-up
Authors: Tang Jin , Li Ying , Wu Congjun , Xie Wei , Li Xugui , Gan Xuewen , Lu Qilin
Published: May 2022

Background: Transforaminal Endoscopic Lmbar Discectomy (TELD) is widely applied for lumbar degenerative disease(LDD) and satisfactory short-term outcomes have been achieved. However, the mid-term and long-term follow-up of this technique is still lacking.Objective: To retrospectively analyze the mid-term clinical efficacy of TELD for single-level LDD with a minimum of 6-year follow-up.Methods: 75 patients with single-level LDD (lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis) who underwent TELD in our department from December 2014 to December 2015 were observed.Visual analog scale (VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association evaluation treatment (JOA) score and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were calculated and compared before operation, 3 months after operation, 6 months after operation, 1 year after operation and at the last follow-up. Disc Height (DH), disc range of motion (ROM) and disc degeneration on standard lumbar lateral radiographs before operation and at the last follow-up were determined. Recurrence rate and operation-related complications during follow-up were recorded.Results: 64 cases were included and followed up for 6.4±0.1 years. There were no complications such as infection, epidural hematoma and nerve root injury. There were significant differences in VAS, JOA, ODI between preoperative and postoperative 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and last follow-up (P < 0 01), VAS, JOA, ODI at 3 months after operation were different from 6 months after operation (P < 0 05), and there were significant differences compared with preoperative, 1 year after operation and last follow up (P < 0 01). VAS, JOA and ODI at 6 months after operation were significantly different from those before operation (P < 0.01), but not significantly different from those at 1 year after operation and the last follow-up (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in DH,ROM and the Pfirrmann grade of intervertebral disc preoperative and the last follow-up. During the follow-up period, 3 patients (4.69%) were recurrent, 1 patient (1.67%) found dural rupture and cauda equina hernia, 13 patients (20.31%) had various degrees of POD, and 3 patients (4.69%) had various degrees of muscle weakness.Conclusion: TELD has a satisfactory mid-term efficacy, and has no significant effect on the DH, the stability of the intervertebral disc space, or on intervertebral disc degeneration. However, as expected, TELD was associated with some complications including recurrent disc herniation and POD.
Actinomyces ruminis sp. nov., an obligately anaerobic bacterium isolated from the rumen of cattle
Authors: Lanjekar Vikram B. , Hivarkar Sai Suresh , Vasudevan Gowdaman , Joshi Akshay , Dhakephalkar Prashant K. , Dagar Sumit Singh
Published: May 2022

An obligately anaerobic, rod-shaped, Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacterial strain; designated as CtC72T was isolated from the rumen of cattle. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of less than 98.65% revealed the strain as a member of the genus Actinomyces, nearest to but distinct from Actinomyces qiguomingii DSM 106201T, Actinomyces ruminicola DSM 27982T, Actinomyces procaprae JCM 33484T, Actinomyces succiniciruminis TISTR 2317, Actinomyces glycerinitolerans TISTR 2318. The low values of digital DNA-DNA hybridization (<70%) and average nucleotide identity (<95%) further highlighted the distinctive nature of strain CtC72T from its closest relatives. The strain CtC72T could grow at temperatures between 30-50°C (optimum 40°C), pH between 6.0-9.0 (optimum 7.5-8.0), and NaCl between 0-1.5% (optimum 0%). The strain hydrolysed cellulose and xylan and utilised a range of mono-, di-, and oligo-saccharides as a source of carbon and energy. Glucose fermentation resulted in acetic acid and formic acid as major metabolic products, while propionic acid, lactic acid, and ethanol as minor products along with CO2 production. The DNA G+C content of strain CtC72T was 68.40 (mol%, wet lab), and 68.05 (%, digital). Major cellular fatty acids (>10%) were C16:0, C18:1 ω 9c, and C18:1 ω9c DMA. Based on this data, we propose that strain CtC72T be classified as a novel species, Actinomyces ruminis sp. nov., under the genus Actinomyces. The type strain is CtC72T (=KCTC 15726T=JCM 32641T=MCC 3500T).
Identification of Predominant Lactic Acid Bacteria Associated With Kunun-zaki and Kindirmo a Traditional Fermented Food of Nigeria
Authors: BAMGBOSE Timothy Oluwaseyi , Sinha Swati , Abdullahi Isa O. , Inabo Helen I. , Bello Mohammed , Kori Lokesh D. , Ametefe Elmer N. , Anvikar Anupkumar R.
Published: May 2022

Human intestinal flora is very diverse; with lactic acid bacteria existing as part of the most vital gut microbes that improve host health. The application of lactic acid bacteria as a whole organism or its metabolite in the case of probiotic and bacteriocin respectively is extensive. Thus, the need to always bio-prospect for newer strains of lactic acid bacteria is essential. This study focused on isolating lactic acid bacteria from kunun-zaki and kindirmo, a fermented non-alcoholic beverage of non-dairy and dairy sources, explored their physiological and biochemical properties, antibiotics sensitivity pattern and identified based on their 16S rRNA sequencing. A total of eighty isolates were selected sixty-six from kunun-zaki and fourteen from kindirmo in which 93.7% were bacilli and 6.3% were spherical in shape having 68.75% and 30% homofermentative and heterofermentative pathway respectively. All isolates have the ability to utilize glucose to produce lactic acid while their tolerance to pH 3 and salt concentration at 2%, 4% and 6.5% varied widely. Thirty-four isolates based on their physiological and biochemical properties were selected for molecular identification to ascertain their genera and species. Limosilactobacillus fermentum (68%); Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (6%) and Weissella confusa (3%) were confirmed species isolated. Thus, it was concluded that traditional fermented foods such as kunun-zaki and kindirmo are a good source to bio-prospect for lactic acid bacteria for product development, starter culture and probiotic study.
Electron-phonon coupling and vibrational properties of size-selected linear carbon chains by resonance Raman scattering
Authors: Marabotti Pietro , Tommasini Matteo , Castiglioni Chiara , Serafini Patrick , Peggiani Sonia , Tortora Mariagrazia , Rossi Barbara , Bassi Andrea Li , Russo Valeria , Casari Carlo
Published: May 2022

UV resonance Raman spectroscopy of size-selected linear sp-carbon chains unveils vibrational overtones and combinations up to the fifth order. Thanks to the tunability of the synchrotron source, we excited each H-terminated polyyne (HCnH with n = 8,10,12) to the maxima of its vibronic absorption spectrum allowing us to precisely determine the electronic and vibrational structure of the ground and excited states for the main observed vibrational mode. Selected transitions are shown to enhance specific overtone orders in the Raman spectrum in a specific way that can be explained by a simple analytical model based on Albrecht’s theory of resonance Raman scattering. The determined Huang-Rhys factors indicate a strong and size-dependent electron-phonon coupling increasing with the sp-carbon chain length.
Three New Measures of Anisotropy of Cryo-EM Maps
Authors: Vilas Jose , Tagare Hemant
Published: May 2022

We propose three new measures of resolution anisotropy of single-particle Cryo-EM maps: Fourier Shell Anisotropy (FSO), Directional Resolution (DR), and the Bingham Test (BT). FSO is based on a new understanding the directional FSC statics. FSO evaluates anisotropy in each Fourier shell. FSO varies from 1 to 0, with 1 representing perfect isotropy and lower values indicating increasing anisotropy. DR is the directional analog of FSC resolution; it gives resolutions along different directions in Fourier space. BT is a hypothesis test from classical spherical statistics. It accepts or rejects the hypothesis that the reconstruction is isotropic in a given shell. All three measures are computationally efficient, and have no free parameters. We present a number of example reconstructions and their evaluations using the FSO and the Bingham Test.
Memristor-based fully analog reservoir computing system for power-efficient real-time spatiotemporal signal processing
Authors: Zhong Yanan , Tang Jianshi , Li Xinyi , Liang Xiangpeng , Liu Zhengwu , Li Yijun , Yao Peng , Hao Zhenqi , Gao Bin , Qian He , Wu Huaqiang
Published: May 2022

Implementing power-efficient reservoir computing hardware systems is of great interest to the field of neuromorphic computing. More and more studies attempt to use analog devices or components, such as memristors and spintronic oscillators, to partially replace fully digital systems to boost the power efficiency. However, a reservoir computing system operating real-time in fully analog fashion has not been demonstrated yet. In this work, a fully analog reservoir computing system was implemented using two types of memristors, where dynamic memristors were used to construct the reservoir while non-volatile memristor arrays were used as the readout layer. The key features, such as threshold and window, extracted from the dynamic memristor-based physical nodes were found to have a significant impact on the system performance. By adjusting the features to the appropriate range, our system can efficiently process spatiotemporal signals in real time with extremely low power consumption, more than three orders of magnitudes lower than digital counterparts. Both temporal task of arrhythm detection and spatiotemporal task of dynamic gesture recognition were demonstrated, where high detection accuracy of 96.6% and recognition accuracy 97.9% were achieved respectively. Our work demonstrates that such memristor-based fully analog reservoir computing system could be attractive for spatial and temporal edge computing with extremely low power and hardware cost.
A comparison between two orthodontic arch wire sequences in terms of speed of alignment and root resorption. A Randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Elhanouty Mutaz Z. , Al-Nimri Kazem S. , Alomari Sawsan A.
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To compare between two archwire (AW) sequences in terms of alignment speed and root resorption (RR).Materials and Methods: Fifty-four patients (14 males, 40 females) requiring orthodontic treatment were randomly allocated into two groups; in group A treatment started with 0.014 nickel titanium (NiTi) followed by 0.019×0.025NiTi AW while group B the AW sequence was 0.014NiTi, 0.018NiTi, 0.016×0.022“NiTi, 0.019×0.025NiTi. The primary outcome was the alignment speed of crowded upper and lower teeth between two different AW sequences. The secondary outcome was the magnitude of RR of upper and lower incisors which was measured by digital periapical radiographs taken at the start of treatment and at the visit of placement of the working AW. Results: The 54 patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either groups. Seven patients were excluded and complete data were obtained for 47 patients; 24 and 23 patients in group A and group B, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the alignment speed in the lower arch (P>0.05, mean difference=-0.44, 95% CI=-0.9-0.03) and root resorption (P>0.05). Alignment of upper arch was faster in group A (P < 0.0001, mean difference= - 0.9, 95% CI =-1.4 --0.5). Conclusions: There is no significant difference between the two groups in the alignment speed in the lower arch and incisors' RR. Upper arch Alignment was faster in group A.Trial Registration: Not registered.
Product Sustainable Design Information Model for Remanufacturing
Authors: Jiaqi Zhu , Meizhang He
Published: May 2022

The increase of waste products on the market will lead to a shortage of resources and the deterioration of the environment. The premise of the realization of remanufacturing engineering is the redundancy of product design life. The method is to give new life to scrapped parts. However, there will be problems with customer demand orientation and fragmentation of parts. Based on this research background, this paper proposes a remanufacturing process-oriented product structure information model, which mathematically models the mapping mechanism of remanufacturing design parameters and features. At the same time, the design goal conflict coordination and transformation under the constraints of the product model are analyzed to simulate the stochastic process generation algorithm. Finally, this paper uses the remanufacturing process of an auto part as a case to verify the algorithm's effectiveness.