bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEPI Lab: a flexible compact multi-modal setup for X-ray phase-contrast and spectral imaging
Authors: Brombal Luca , Arfelli Fulvia , Menk Ralf Hendrik , Rigon Luigi , Brun Francesco
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a new flexible compact multi-modal imaging setup referred to as PEPI (Photon-counting Edge-illumination Phase-contrast imaging) Lab, which is based on the edge-illumination (EI) technique and a chromatic detector. The system enables both X-ray phase-contrast (XPCI) and spectral (XSI) imaging of samples on the centimeter scale. This work conceptually follows all the stages in its realization, from the design to the first imaging results. The setup can be operated in four different modes, i.e. photon-counting/conventional, spectral, double-mask EI, and single-mask EI, whereby the switch to any modality is fast, software controlled, and does not require any hardware modification or lengthy re-alignment procedures. The system specifications, ranging from the X-ray tube features to the mask material and aspect ratio, have been quantitatively studied and optimized through a dedicated Geant4 simulation platform, guiding the choice of the instrumentation. The realization of the imaging setup, both in terms of hardware and control software, is detailed and discussed with a focus on practical/experimental aspects. Flexibility and compactness (66 cm source-to-detector distance in EI) are ensured by dedicated motion stages, whereas spectral capabilities are enabled by the Pixirad-1/Pixie-III detector in combination with a tungsten anode X-ray source operating in the range 40–100 kVp. The stability of the system, when operated in EI, has been verified, and drifts leading to mask misalignment of less than 1 $$\upmu$$μm have been measured over a period of 54 h. The first imaging results, one for each modality, demonstrate that the system fulfills its design requirements. Specifically, XSI tomographic images of an iodine-based phantom demonstrate the system’s quantitativeness and sensibility to concentrations in the order of a few mg/ml. Planar XPCI images of a carpenter bee specimen, both in single and double-mask modes, demonstrate that refraction sensitivity (below 0.6 $$\upmu$$μrad in double-mask mode) is comparable with other XPCI systems based on microfocus sources. Phase CT capabilities have also been tested on a dedicated plastic phantom, where the phase channel yielded a 15-fold higher signal-to-noise ratio with respect to attenuation.
Antiretroviral therapy regimen modification rates and associated factors in a cohort of HIV/AIDS patients in Asmara, Eritrea: a 16-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Mengistu Samuel Tekle , Yohannes Arsema , Issaias Hermon , Mesfn Mical , Zerufael Simon , Dirar Aman , Teklemariam Habtemichael M. , Ghebremeskel Ghirmary Ghebrekidane , Achila Oliver Okoth , Basha Saleem
Published: March 2023

Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) durability and time to modification are important quality indicators in HIV/AIDs treatment programs. This analysis describes the incidence, patterns, and factors associated with cART modifications in HIV patients enrolled in four treatment centers in Asmara, Eritrea from 2005 to 2021. Retrospective cohort study combining data from 5020 [males, 1943 (38.7%) vs. females, 3077 (61.3%)] patients were utilized. Data on multiple demographic and clinical variables were abstracted from patient’s charts and cART program registry. Independent predictors of modification and time to specified events were evaluated using a multi-variable Cox-proportional hazards model and Kaplan–Meier analysis. The median (±IQR) age, CD4+ T-cell count, and proportion of patients with WHO Clinical stage III/IV were 48 (IQR 41–55) years; 160 (IQR 80–271) cells/µL; and 2667 (53.25%), respectively. The cumulative frequency of all cause cART modification was 3223 (64%): 2956 (58.8%) substitutions; 37 (0.7%) switches; and both, 230 (4.5%). Following 241,194 person-months (PMFU) of follow-up, incidence rate of cART substitution and switch were 12.3 (95% CI 11.9–12.8) per 1000 PMFU and 3.9 (95% CI 3.2–4.8) per 10,000 PMFU, respectively. Prominent reasons for cART substitution included toxicity/intolerance, drug-shortage, new drug availability, treatment failure, tuberculosis and pregnancy. The most common adverse event (AEs) associated with cART modification included lipodystrophy, anemia and peripheral neuropathy, among others. In the adjusted multivariate Cox regression model, Organisation (Hospital B: aHR = 1.293, 95% CI 1.162–1.439, p value < 0.001) (Hospital D: aHR = 1.799, 95% CI 1.571–2.060, p value < 0.001); Initial WHO clinical stage (Stage III: aHR = 1.116, 95% CI 1.116–1.220, p value < 0.001); NRTI backbone (D4T-based: aHR = 1.849, 95% CI 1.449–2.360, p value < 0.001) were associated with increased cumulative hazard of treatment modification. Baseline weight (aHR = 0.996, 95% CI 0.993–0.999, p value = 0.013); address within Maekel (aHR = 0.854, 95% CI 0.774–0.942, p value = 0.002); AZT-based backbones (aHR = 0.654, 95% CI 0.515–0.830, p value < 0.001); TDF-based backbones: aHR = 0.068, 95% CI 0.051–0.091, p value < 0.001), NVP-based anchors (aHR = 0.889, 95% CI 0.806–0.980, p value = 0.018) were associated with lower cumulative hazards of attrition. The minimal number of switching suggests inadequate VL testing. However, the large number of toxicity/intolerance and drug-shortage driven substitutions highlight important problems in this setting. Consequently, the need to advocate for both sustainable access to safer ARVs in SSA and improvements in local supply chains is warranted.
Secular trends in physical fitness of rural Chinese children and adolescents aged 7–18 years from 1985 to 2019
Authors: Li Chengyue , Taerken Alimujiang Yimiti , Li Qian , Selimu Adilijiang , Wang Hao
Published: March 2023

The main purpose of the study was to evaluate the secular trends in physical fitness of Chinese rural children and adolescents aged 7–18 from 1985 to 2019. The speed, muscular strength, explosive power fitness, cardiorespiratory fitness, and flexibility were investigated by National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health in 1985, 2000, 2010 and 2019. During the period 1985–2000, the physical fitness of Chinese rural children and adolescents improved except for flexibility, and almost all of them reached the maximum increase rate. During the period 2000–2010, in addition to the improvement of flexibility, other fitness showed downward trends, and the decline ranges were large. During the period 2010–2019, the speed of boys rebounded, flexibility, explosive power and muscular strength continued to decrease. Meanwhile, speed, flexibility and muscular strength in girls rebounded, and the explosive power continued to decline. From 2000 to 2019, the body mass index increase accelerated. This study shows that some components of physical fitness of Chinese rural children and adolescents have shown positive trends in recent years, especially for girls and adolescents aged 13–15 years. However, it may also imply inequality between sexes and ages, which provides a reference for the focus of the country's physical fitness and health monitoring and intervention measures.
3D bioprinting complex models of cancer
Authors: Sharma Ruchi , Restan Perez Milena , da Silva Victor Allisson , Thomsen Jess , Bhardwaj Lavanya , Andrade Thiago A. M. , Alhussan Abdulaziz , Willerth Stephanie M.
Published: March 2023

Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled division of cells, resulting in the formation of tumors. The personalized composition of biomaterials and 3D techniques can be used as a modelling tool to understand the complexity of various cancers.
A hypoxia-activated photothermal agent inhibits multiple heat shock proteins for low-temperature photothermal therapy
Authors: Zhang Xinhao , Xue Shan-Shan , Pan Wei , Wang Kaiye , Li Na , Tang Bo
Published: March 2023

A hypoxia-activated photothermal agent to suppress the expression of multiple heat shock proteins was synthesized for low-temperature photothermal therapy.
Photocatalytic properties of iodometallates with in situ-generated organic bases as countercations
Authors: Leng Feng , Zhang Xiao , Yu Jie-Hui
Published: March 2023

Herein, the in situ N-alkylation between tripyridine molecules and C2H5OH was employed to obtain four iodometallates (Mn+ = Pb2+, Cu+ and Ag+).
Polystyrene nanoplastics foster Escherichia coli O157:H7 growth and antibiotic resistance with a stimulating effect on metabolism
Authors: Fang Shuting , Huang Yiquan , Xiang Zhangmin , Zeng Rong , Zeng Shulin , Liu Shuqin
Published: March 2023

Exposure to nano-polystyrene has the potential to increase the risk of Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination in aquatic environments.
An ultra-sensitive NH3 gas sensor enabled by an ion-in-conjugated polycroconaine/Ti3C2Tx core–shell composite
Authors: Zhou Jin , Shokouh Seyed Hossein Hosseini , Cui Linfan , Järvinen Topias , Pitkänen Olli , Lv Zhong-Peng , Kordas Krisztian
Published: March 2023

MXenes are emerging sensing materials; they, however, suffer from poor stability. Here, we demonstrate the core-shell composite, Ti3C2Tx MXene@polycroconaine, enables ultrahigh sensitivity and significantly improved stability for NH3 sensing.
Chiral covalent organic frameworks synthesized via a Suzuki–Miyaura-coupling reaction: enantioselective recognition of d/l-amino acids
Authors: Tan Dongdong , Wang Tianmiao , Hu Jing , Deng Donglian , Li Tingting , Li Ruijun
Published: March 2023

A novel chiral COF was constructed via a Suzuki–Miyaura-coupling strategy for the chiral recognition and separation of amino acids.
MMCT energy change in cyanidometal-bridged trinuclear complexes by changing the ligand electron donating ability
Authors: Qian Wang , Liu Xiao-Lin , Tan Bing-Chang , Song Ying , Jiang Long-Long , Wu Xin-Tao , Sheng Tian-Lu
Published: March 2023

To investigate the effect of MMCT in the complexes of cyanidometal-bridges, we synthesized and fully characterized a series of N2+ (N = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), and their one and two-electron oxidized products N3+ and N4+ are Class II mixed-valence compounds.
Study of Se/Te-doped Cu2O as a hole transport material in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Luo Liang , Zhou Bao , Liu Zhenzhen , Zhao Qirong , Wang Chao , Duan Zhuoqi , Xie Zaixin , Yang Xiaobo , Hu Yongmao
Published: March 2023

The optical and electrical properties of Se/Te-doped Cu2O were analyzed by first-principles and experimental characterization, and its simulation as a PSC was completed.
Biocompatible polymers with tunable mechanical properties and conductive functionality on two-photon 3D printing
Authors: Men Lijun , Wang Kemin , Hu Ningning , Wang Fule , Deng Yucheng , Zhang Wenjun , Yin Ruixue
Published: March 2023

Fabrication process of complex structures with tunable mechanical and conductive properties based on two-photon printing.
Effects of functional groups in iron porphyrin on the mechanism and activity of oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Dung Tran Phuong , Chihaia Viorel , Son Do Ngoc
Published: March 2023

–CH3 and –NH2 groups are the best substitutions for improving the activity of the oxygen reduction reaction. The nature of the interaction between the ORR intermediates and porphyrin substrates is charge exchange.
Modulating the tunable interfacial charge transfer of Z-scheme TiO2/CdS with Ti–S bonds for enhanced glucose photoreforming
Authors: Eqi Malin , Shi Cai , Zhang Miao , Kang Fuyan , Ma Jianhua , Huang Zhanhua , Liu Shouxin
Published: March 2023

The constructed Ti–S-bond- and electric-field-modulated Z-type 2D/3D (001)-TiO2/CdS remarkably promotes electron–hole separation in glucose photoreforming toward efficient hydrogen and acetic acid efficient cogeneration.
Recent advances in modified commercial separators for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Kim Andrew , Oh Seok Hyeon , Adhikari Arindam , Sathe Bhaskar R. , Kumar Sandeep , Patel Rajkumar
Published: March 2023

Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are one of the most promising next-generation batteries because they have higher theoretical capacities, lower cost, and smaller environmental impact than lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).
A paradigm study of polymer donor diluted bulk heterojunction films for application in semitransparent organic photovoltaics
Authors: Chen Zhenyu , Ma Wei , Yan Han
Published: March 2023

More J-type polymer aggregations and the prioritized polymer reduction from its pure domain help to achieve high LUE in ST-OSCs during the polymer donor diluting process.
Two-photon excited red-green “discoloration” bioprobes for monitoring lipid droplets and lipid droplet-lysosomal autophagy
Authors: Liu Ming-Xuan , Xu Li , Zhu Peng-Fei , Li Xin , Shan Miao , Jin Wei , Chen Jing , Ling Yong , Zhang Xiao-Ling
Published: March 2023

DPABP-BI is the first two-photon excited organic molecule which can simultaneously recognize LDs and monitor their autophagy process via different fluorescence emission colors.
Dearomative cyclization of pyridines/isoquinolines with cyclopropenones: access to indolizinones and benzo-fused indolizinones
Authors: Liu Xiang , Shi Xiaotian , Zhou Jinlei , Huang Changfeng , Lin Yu , Zhang Chen , Cao Hua
Published: March 2023

Herein, we report an efficient dearomative [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of 2-alkynyl pyridines with diarylcyclopropenones, leading to the synthesis of densely functionalized indolizinones in moderate to good yields under metal-free conditions.
A disordered tether to iLID improves photoswitchable protein patterning on model membranes
Authors: Di Iorio Daniele , Bergmann Johanna , Higashi Sayuri L. , Hoffmann Arne , Wegner Seraphine V.
Published: March 2023

An engineered version of iLID, named disiLID, with a disordered domain as a membrane tether improved the recruitment of Nano upon blue light illumination and the reversibility of the interaction in the dark.
Near ultraviolet excitable cyan-green phosphors of Ba6La2Al3ScO15:Ce3+ and Ba6La2Al3ScO15:Ce3+,Tb3+: investigations on the crystal structure, site assignment of Ce3+ and Tb3+ ions, and an energy transfer process from Ce3+ to Tb3+
Authors: Iwaki Masato , Onodera Mizuho , Uematsu Kazuyoshi , Toda Kenji , Sato Mineo
Published: March 2023

An energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+ is feasible in energy transition processes for the development of optical devices, especially phosphor-converted white LEDs (pc-wLEDs).
Cobalt-catalysed nucleophilic fluorination in organic carbonates
Authors: García-Abellán Susana , Barrena-Espés Daniel , Munarriz Julen , Passarelli Vincenzo , Iglesias Manuel
Published: March 2023

A Co(iii) complex featuring a novel benzotriazole-based P–N ligand acts as an efficient catalyst for nucleophilic fluorination reactions in organic carbonates.
Significantly enhanced high-temperature capacitive energy storage in cyclic olefin copolymer dielectric films via ultraviolet irradiation
Authors: Bao Zhiwei , Ding Song , Dai Zhizhan , Wang Yiwei , Jia Jiangheng , Shen Shengchun , Yin Yuewei , Li Xiaoguang
Published: March 2023

A convenient and competitive strategy to improve the dielectric energy storage performance of COC polymers is demonstrated by using UV irradiation. A record-high discharged energy density ∼3.34 J cm−3 with >95% efficiency is achieved at 150 °C.
Self-healing bottlebrush polymer networks enabledviaa side-chain interlocking design
Authors: Xiong Hui , Yue Tongkui , Wu Qi , Zhang Linjun , Xie Zhengtian , Liu Jun , Zhang Liqun , Wu Jinrong
Published: March 2023

Physical dynamic side-chain interlocking is developed to endow bottlebrush polymers with excellent self-healing performance even under harsh aqueous conditions. This work opens a brand-new avenue for the molecular design of self-healing materials.
Hydrogen bonding-catalyzed synthesis of 1,4-dioxanes from dehydrative cyclization of vicinal diols in ionic liquids
Authors: Chang Xiaoqian , Wang Yuepeng , Zhao Yanfei , Wang Ying , Li Rongxiang , Ke Zhengang , Chen Penglei , Liu Zhimin
Published: March 2023

[HO-EtMIm][OTf] efficiently catalyzes the dehydrative cyclization of vicinal diols under metal-free conditions, producing 1,4-dioxanes in 100% selectivity.
Aminobenzofuran-containing analogues of proximicins exhibit higher antiproliferative activity against human UG-87 glioblastoma cells compared to temozolomide
Authors: Shokrzadeh Madieh Nasrin , Tanna Sangeeta , Alqurayn Norah Ahmed , Vaideanu Alexandra , Schatzlein Andreas , Brucoli Federico
Published: March 2023

A new series of proximicin analogues containing a benzofuran moiety as the replacement of the di-furan scaffold of the parent compound were synthesised and evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities against human glioblastoma cells U-87 MG.
The influence of ferrocene anchoring method on the reactivity and stability of SBA-15-based catalysts in the degradation of ciprofloxacin via photo-Fenton process
Authors: Walkowiak Adrian , Wolski Lukasz , Ziolek Maria
Published: March 2023

Click reaction is the most promising method for immobilization of ferrocene on SBA-15 for degradation of ciprofloxacin via photo-Fenton process.
Magnetized chitosan hydrogel and silk fibroin, reinforced with PVA: a novel nanobiocomposite for biomedical and hyperthermia applications
Authors: Eivazzadeh-Keihan Reza , Pajoum Zeinab , Aliabadi Hooman Aghamirza Moghim , Mohammadi Adibeh , Kashtiaray Amir , Bani Milad Salimi , Pishva Banafshe , Maleki Ali , Heravi Majid M. , Mahdavi Mohammad , Ziaei Ziabari Elaheh
Published: March 2023

Herein, a multifunctional nanobiocomposite was designed for biological application, amongst which hyperthermia cancer therapy application was specifically investigated.
A near infrared fluorescent probe for rapid sensing of peroxynitrite in living cells and breast cancer mice
Authors: Xu Zixiang , Xu Zhencai , Zhang Dong
Published: March 2023

Peroxynitrite (ONOO−) plays an essential role in numerous physiological and pathological processes owing to its strong oxidation and nitrification.
Synthesis of zwitterionic polyelectrolyte nanogels via electrostatic-templated polymerization
Authors: Xu Bingkun , Gao Yifan , Guo Xuhong , Cohen Stuart Martien A , Wang Junyou , Ding Peng
Published: March 2023

Zwitterionic nanogels with controlled size and properties are fabricated by Electrostatic-Templated Polymerization (ETP) method, which exhibit well-defined charges for selective loading of oppositely charged dye molecules and proteins.
Boosting lithium rocking-chair engineering from the villus cavity and Ni catalytic center of a silicon–carbon anode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Liu Guizheng , Pan Jiajie , Li Junhao , Chen Zikang , Chen Qilan , Lin Yongxian , Ren Jie , Shi Kaixiang , Liu Quanbing
Published: March 2023

This work deepens our understanding of the structural modification of Si/C anodes by constructing a compatibly conductive, mechanical and catalytic material to achieve stable lithiation and de-lithiation cycling processes.
Setaria viridis-inspired hydrogels with multilevel structures for efficient all-day fresh water harvesting
Authors: Su Xin , Hao Dezhao , Li Pei , Yang Ming , Guo Xinglin , Ai Xicheng , Zhao Tong , Jiang Lei
Published: March 2023

Inspired by the structure ofSetaria viridis, we have developed a bionic hydrogel for efficient solar desalination and fog harvestingvia3D printing technology and the ice template method.
Broadband yellow and white emission from large octahedral tilting in (110)-oriented layered perovskites: imidazolium-methylhydrazinium lead halides
Authors: Drozdowski Dawid , Fedoruk Katarzyna , Kabanski Adam , Maczka Mirosław , Sieradzki Adam , Gagor Anna
Published: March 2023

New (110)-oriented 2D HOIPs exhibit record octahedral tilting implying broadband white and yellow photoluminescence, and an order–disorder symmetry-breaking phase transition at high temperatures.
Band structure engineering of a polyimide photocatalyst towards enhanced water splitting
Authors: Chu Sheng , Wang Xintie , Yang Liu , Zhang Huiyan , Xiao Rui , Wang Ying , Zou Zhigang
Published: March 2023

Band structure engineering of polymide for enhanced photocatalytic water splitting has been demonstrated by tuning the donor/acceptor ratios in the polymer skeleton.
Comparison of Chirp Versus Tone Burst– and Click-Evoked Masseteric Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials in Normal-Hearing Adults
Authors: Neupane Anuj Kumar , Bhagat Hariom , Bheda Kalpesh
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

This study aimed at comparing narrowband Claus Elberling level-specific chirp (NB CE-Chirp)–, click-, and tone burst–evoked masseteric vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (mVEMPs).

Method:

Within-group study design and purposive sampling were performed. A total of 25 normal-hearing individuals participated in the study. The zygomatic electrode montage was used to elicit ipsilateral mVEMP responses using a 500-Hz NB CE-Chirp, a click of 100-μs duration, and a 500-Hz tone burst stimulus. Each of the responses was analyzed based on the absolute peak latency of P11 and N21, the electromyography-scaled peak-to-peak amplitude of the P11–N21 complex, and the interaural asymmetry ratio.

Results:

A total of 50 ears were tested and had 100% mVEMP responses. The latencies of click-evoked and 500-Hz NB CE-Chirp–evoked mVEMPs were significantly shorter than those of 500-Hz tone burst–evoked mVEMPs (
p
< .05) for both ears. It revealed a significantly superior P11–N21 amplitude of the 500-Hz NB CE-Chirp and tone burst than clicks for both ears. Intraclass correlation coefficient revealed moderate to excellent test–retest reliability for mVEMP parameters across three different stimulations.

Conclusion:

The present study supports 500 Hz NB CE-Chirps as effective and reliable stimuli as tone bursts in eliciting mVEMP responses.
Do People With Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia Improve or Worsen Across Repeated Sequential Word Trials?
Authors: Haley Katarina L. , Jacks Adam , Richardson Jessica D. , Harmon Tyson G. , Lacey Elizabeth H. , Turkeltaub Peter
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

During motor speech examinations for suspected apraxia of speech (AOS), clients are routinely asked to repeat words several times sequentially. The purpose of this study was to understand the task in terms of the relationship among consecutive attempts. We asked to what extent phonemic accuracy changes across trials and whether the change is predicted by AOS diagnosis and sound production severity.

Method:

One hundred thirty-three participants were assigned to four diagnostic groups based on quantitative metrics (aphasia plus AOS, aphasia-only, and aphasia with two borderline speech profiles). Each participant produced four multisyllabic words 5 times consecutively. These productions were audio-recorded and transcribed phonetically and then summarized as the proportion of target phonemes that was produced accurately. Nonparametric statistics were used to analyze percent change in accuracy from the first to the last production based on diagnostic group and a broad measure of speech sound accuracy.

Results:

Accuracy on the repeated words deteriorated across trials for all groups, showing reduced accuracy from the first to the last repetition for 62% of participants. Although diagnostic groups differed on the broad measure of speech sound accuracy, severity classification based on this measure did not determine degree of deterioration on the repeated words task.

Discussion:

Responding to a request to say multisyllabic words 5 times sequentially is challenging for people with aphasia with and without AOS, and as such, performance is prone to errors even with mild impairment. For most, the task does not encourage self-correction. Instead, it promotes errors, regardless of diagnosis, and is, therefore, useful for screening purposes.
A new series‐connected 36‐pulse rectifier with hybrid DC‐reinjection method for high power output
Authors: Wang Ying , Wang Yalan , Chen Xiaoqiang , Chen Tao , Mu Xiuqing
Published: March 2023

In this study, a new 36‐pulse rectifier with a hybrid DC‐reinjection circuit is proposed. It multiplies the AC‐side input voltage steps from 12 to 36 using a hybrid auxiliary circuit for voltage and current modulation. Both the AC and DC side harmonics of the rectifier system are efficiently suppressed when combined with filter capacitors at DC side. Only 2 more diodes and an IGBT are used in the proposed approach for constituting the injection circuit. The cascaded structure of rectifier bridges allows for significant voltage gain, making it appropriate for high power output rectification applications. The proposed 12‐pulse rectifier's phase shifting structure and 36‐pulse rectifier's operational theory are introduced. The injection transformer's turn ratio and the IGBT's conduction angle are both designed to have the lowest possible harmonic distortion of the voltage at AC side. Analyses are done on the rectifier's impedance matching feature and energy loss of IGBT. The operating performance of the rectifier is assessed when the active switch fails. With the help of a 1.8 kW prototype and a HIL system based on Starsim, the theoretical portion is confirmed. The results of the simulation and experiments support the effectiveness of the hybrid voltage harmonic injection method studied.
5G communication resource allocation strategy for mobile edge computing based on deep deterministic policy gradient
Authors: He Jun
Published: March 2023

Distributed base station deployment, limited server resources and dynamically changing end users in mobile edge networks make the design of computing offloading schemes extremely challenging. Considering the advantages of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in dealing with dynamic complex problems, this paper designs an optimal computing offloading and resource allocation strategy. Firstly, the authors consider a multi‐user mobile edge network scenario consisting of Macro‐cell Base Station (MBS), Small‐cell Base Station (SBS) and multiple terminal devices, the communication overhead and calculation overhead generated are formulated and described in detail. Besides, combined with the deterministic delay of tasks, the optimization objective of this paper is clarified to comprehensively consider system energy consumption. Then, a learning algorithm based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) is proposed to minimize system energy consumption. Finally, simulation experiments show that the authors’ proposed DDPG algorithm can effectively optimize the target value, and the total system energy consumption is only 15.6 J, which is better than other compared algorithms. It is also proved that the proposed algorithm has excellent communication resource allocation ability.
Robust analysis of differential Faraday rotation based on interferometric closure observables
Authors: Albentosa-Ruiz E. , Marti-Vidal I.
Published: March 2023

Polarization calibration of interferometric observations is a costly procedure and in some cases (e.g., due to limited coverage of paral-lactic angle for the calibrator), it may not be possible to carry out this process. To avoid this worst-case scenario, while extending the possibilities for the exploitation of polarization interferometric observations, the use of a new set of calibration-independent quantities (closure traces) has been proposed. However, these quantities suffer from some degeneracies, so their use in practical situations may be rather limited. In this paper, we explore the use of closure traces on simulated and real observations, showing that (with the proper selection of fitting parameters) it is possible to retrieve information on the source polarization using only closure traces and to constrain spatially resolved polarization. We carried out the first application of closure traces to the brightness modeling of real data, using the ALMA observations of M87 conducted during the April 2017 EHT campaign and quantifying a gradient in the Faraday rotation along the source structure (the M87 jet). This work opens the possibility to apply similar strategies to observations from any kind of interferometer (with a special focus on VLBI), whereby quantities such as the differential rotation measure or the spatially resolved polarization can be retrieved.
Expected polarization properties of nonmagnetized CCOs
Authors: Suleimanov Valery F. , Poutanen Juri , Doroshenko Victor , Werner Klaus
Published: March 2023

Central compact objects (CCOs) are neutron stars found close to the center of some supernova remnants. A certain number of them are presumably covered by carbon envelopes. Their unpulsed thermal X-ray emission can originate either from the entire surface covered by a carbon atmosphere or alternatively from a nonuniformly emitting hydrogen atmosphere. However, the latter scenario appears unlikely given the available upper limits on the amplitude of pulsations. Here we explore a possibility to further discriminate between the two scenarios using X-ray polarimetric observations. We compute the polarization degree (PD) for nonmagnetized pure-carbon and pure-hydrogen atmospheres with effective temperatures of between 1 and 6 MK and find that it can reach up to 25% and 40% for hydrogen and carbon atmospheres, respectively, in the photon energy band 1–10 keV. However, given the available constraints on possible inhomogeneities of the temperature distribution deduced from models of the X-ray spectrum of the CCO in HESS J1731−347, the integrated PD appears to be very low for both carbon (< 0.25%) and hydrogen (a few percent) compositions in the energy band of 2–8 keV covered by the recently launched Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer. We therefore conclude that polarization from CCOs is not expected to be detectable by current facilities, but future detection would strongly support nonuniform hydrogen composition models.
Effect of jamblang extract (Syzygium cumini L) on performance, carcass and giblet characteristics of broilers
Authors: Ilham I. , Wahyudi I. , Hidayat T. , Allaily A. , Wajizah S. , Samadi S.
Published: March 2023

The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of using herbal feed ingredients jamblang leaves (Syzygium cumini L ) as a feed additive on performance, carcass and giblet characteristics. A total of 100 DOC (CP 707) broilers were randomly assigned to 20 cage units with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Each treatment was given jamblang leaf extract in drinking water with different doses (P0 = control. P1 = 0.25 g/L, P2 = 0.50 g/L and P3 = 1 g/L). The feed used in this study was commercial feed for the DOC period up to the harvest period. Weight gain and feed consumption were calculated at the end of the study (4 weeks of rearing). All data were recorded to determine the performance, characteristics of the carcass and giblet. ANOVA was performed for data analysis. The difference between treatments was stated if P < 0.05. The results showed that the administration of jamblang leaf extract as a feed additive had no effect (P>0.05) on performance, carcass and giblet characteristics, but the wing carcass pieces showed a difference (P<0.05). From this study, it was concluded that jamblang leaf extract can be promote as alternative feed additive based on performance and carcass of broiler chickens results.
The role of inseminators in the success of pregnancy outcome in Bali Cattle
Authors: Suteky Tatik , Dwatmadji Dwatmadji
Published: March 2023

The inseminators contribute an important role in the success of insemination therefore the research was conducted to evaluate the expertise and background of inseminators on the success of pregnancy outcomes. Seven inseminators from two districts were interviewed and related to their ability to do artificial insemination in Bali cattle in 2018. Reproductive data from January to December 2018 were analysed to determine their inseminator's performance from 2 districts (Kota Bengkulu and Bengkulu Tengah). One-way analysis of variance was tested to analyze the differences among inseminators on the result of AI pregnancy outcome, and a t-test was performed to determine whether the means pregnancy outcomes from two areas are different. Duncan's multiple range test was used to determine the significance of the difference between groups. The step-wise regression was applied to determine the strongest correlated variable. The result showed that conception rate (CR) and calving rate (CvR) differed significantly (P<0.05) among the inseminators, CR (81.30% vs 65.02) and CvR (76.68% vs 62.36%) also different between two districts. While the step-wise regression results showed that educational background, experience, age, and centre or unit for AI training become excluded variables while training (Assisted Reproductive Technology and pregnancy diagnosis) showed the strongest correlation with the pregnancy outcome. In conclusion pregnancy outcome differs between the two regencies and advanced training (Assisted Reproductive Technology and pregnancy diagnosis) showed the strongest correlation with the pregnancy outcome and the quality of the centre or unit for AI training is similar.
Resilience to climate change among small-scale fishery on the Northern Coastal of Bengkulu Province, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyasari Gita , Trisusilo Agung , Windirah Nola
Published: March 2023

Climate change has become a global phenomenon and has become the focus of world attention. The resilience of fishermen in facing climate change shows the ability of fishermen to respond, organize, learn and adapt in the face of climate change. The purpose of this study is to analyze the livelihood resilience of small fishermen in the face of climate change based on three main indicators, namely buffer capacity, self-organization, and learning capacity. A total of 300 fishermen were selected using quota sampling and interviewed through a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the descriptive and livelihood resilience index to explain the fishermen's resilience. The findings indicate that most fishermen in the coastal area of Bengkulu have a low level of livelihood resilience. The dimension of fisherman's learning capacity needs to be improved to strengthen livelihood resilience. Ecological, social, and economic adjustments to the capture fisheries business system in response to climate change can help fishermen in increasing their adaptive capacity and livelihood resilience is highly dependent on the ability and experience of fishermen in adapting.
Soil carbon stock in different of mangrove ecosystem in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Diana Rita , Kiswanto Kiswanto , Hardi Esti Handayani , Palupi Nurul Puspita , Susmiyati Retno Haris , Jaslin Jaslin , Matius Paulus , Syahrinudin Syahrinudin , Karyati Karyati
Published: March 2023

Mangrove forests serve as a buffer against sedimentation from the mainland into the sea, protect the area from coastal erosion, and prevent seawater intrusion in some ecological types of coastal environments. Additionally, because soil and below-ground biomass retain a significant quantity of carbon, they are essential for carbon sequestration. The current study seeks to estimate the soil organic carbon stock of mangroves associated with natural regeneration, mangrove rehabilitation areas and abandoned shrimp ponds, in Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. A 125-meter-long transect line was used to collect data, with three sampling points representing the length of the transect line. Each soil sample was taken at three different depths: 0-50 cm, 50-100 cm, and 100-150 cm. After that, the samples were taken to the laboratory for carbon analysis. The mangrove rehabilitation area had the highest bulk density at 8.64 gr/cm3, followed by natural mangroves along the river border at 7.67 gr/cm3, and abandoned ponds had the lowest at 7.16 gr/cm3. The rehabilitation area had the highest soil carbon stock at 1120 tons/ha, followed by natural mangroves along the riverside at 686 tons/ha and abandoned ponds at 383 tons/ha. In accordance with the study, mangrove rehabilitation regions had larger soil carbon stocks than natural regeneration along the riverside and abandoned ponds. In order to protect the ecologically significant mangrove ecosystem and minimize the effects of climate change, mangrove restoration and rehabilitation are necessary.
Selection criteria for lowland tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Yunandra Y. , Deviona D. , Zuhry E. , Syukur M. , Ardian A. , Effendi A. , Nurbaiti N. , Yoseva S. , Auliyanda F.N.
Published: March 2023

Development of tomato in the lowlands is a solution to increase tomato production in Indonesia. Genotype selection using an appropriate criteria can help to obtain the tomato genotypes with have high production in the lowlands. This study was aimed to determine the appropriate selection criteria for tomatoes with high production in the lowlands. This study was organized in a randomized block design with three replications. The genotype used in this study was a collection of pure line from IPB's breeding laboratory. The results showed that several characters had a significant correlation with fruit weight per plant. Determination of selection criteria based on characters that have high heritability values with a significant correlation to fruit weight per plant. The characters of fruit length, weight per fruit and plant crown width have very significant correlation values with fruit weight per plant, so these three characters can be used as selection criteria.
The effect of 2,4-D, BA and Thidiazuron on somatic embryo induction of liberica coffee of Tungkal Composite from Jambi
Authors: Lizawati L. , Zulkarnain Z. , Antony D. , Purnamaningsih R.
Published: March 2023

The Tungkal Composite of liberica coffee rejuvenation program at Jambi Province is urgently needed due to the latest status of the plants are old and showing diseased attacked. To support the rejuvenation, the provision of seedlings could be done by tissue culture approach through somatic embryogenesis. This research aimed to study the effect of 2,4-D, BA and TDZ on callus formation and embryo induction from liberica coffee leaf explants. Explants used were leaf sections with or without veins. Explants were grown on Murashige Skoog (MS) basal medium with 2,4-D + BA and 2,4-D + TDZ. A completely randomized design was employed in the trial, and each experimental unit was replicated three times. Results showed that callus could be formed on both types of explants, but leaf explants with veins could produce callus faster. The use of BA in medium could induce callus formation faster than TDZ. The higher the concentration of 2,4-D, BA and TDZ, the slower callus initiation. The addition of TDZ in the medium resulted in mostly callus, while callus from medium with BA showed a friable structure. Globular somatic embryos were formed in all treatments with varying amounts. TDZ can induce more globular somatic embryo than BA.
Growth and flower development of potting calamansi grown under local microorganism and different dose of Growmore
Authors: Santoso Marwin , Yulian Yulian , Supanjani Supanjani , Chozin Mohammad , Suharjo Usman Kris Joko
Published: March 2023

Calamansi is the leading horticultural commodity of Bengkulu City. The study aimed to determine the best combination between Growmore doses and local microorganisms for the growth and flowering of Calamansi. This study used a Factorial Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The first factor of Local Microorganisms (M) consists of two levels, namely without being given (M0) and given Local Microorganisms (M1). The second factor of Growmore (D) dose consists of four levels, namely 0 g / L (D0), 1 g / L (D1), 2 g / L (D2), 3 g / L (D3). The results showed that there was no difference in the combination between the treatment of local microorganisms and the dose of Growmore both on the growth and flowering of the potting of calamansi. In a single factor, Growmore doses have an intangible effect on the growth and flowering of the potting of calamansi. Likewise, a single factor of local microorganisms exerts an unreal influence on the growth and flowering of the potting of calamansi.
Observation and morphological character of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) in Ciampea, Bogor Regency
Authors: Heryanto R. , Arlianti T. , Wahyuni S. , Purwiyanti S.
Published: March 2023

Bogor Regency is one of the regions in Indonesia that produces quite large noni fruits. Noni fruit is a plant that has benefits as a medicine and is often used in traditional medicine. This study aimed to determine the diversity of noni fruit plants in Ciampea, Bogor Regency, based on characteristic morphology. The methods used are survey methods, characterization, and interviews with farmers. Purposive Random Sampling method to create a sample. The morphological characters observed include qualitative and quantitative characters of plant habitus, leaf, and fruit. Based on the quantitative character of the height of the plant from 3 meters to 8 meters, the stem diameter was 40.5-90 cm, the length of the leaves was 22.8 - 27.4 cm, the leaf width was 12-14.9 cm, the fruit length was 9-11 cm, and the fruit width was 5 cm. The results of qualitative characters showed no differences such as leaf color, leaf tip shape, leaf surface, young fruit color, ripening, and texture of the fruit peel. However, based on the shape of the fruit, there are differences, namely, obovate wide and narrowly obovate. Based on the dendrogram, the plants were grouped into two.
Inducing potato tuber formation at low elevation of tropical region by foliar spray of PGR mixtures at different application times
Authors: Suharjo U.K.J. , Pamekas T. , Harsono P. , Silalahi A.M.
Published: March 2023

Growing potato crops at low elevation in the tropical region may face many problems related to high temperature, such as an increase in endogen GA3 levels, causing the inhibition of tuber formation. Suppressing GA3 biosynthesis, by applying a mixture of plant growth regulators (PGRs), is of important. The objectives of this experiment were to study the best PGR mixtures, PGR application time, and their interaction in promoting tuber formation at low altitude of tropical areas in Indonesia. The experiment used a completely randomized design arranged in factorial (2 factors, 3 replications). The first factor was a mix of plant growth regulator solution (M), consisting of 4 levels, which were: M0 = No PGR; M1 = 10 ppm 2,4-D + 100 ppm Daminozide, M2 = M1 +10 ppm BAP, M3 = M1 + 25 ppm COU, and M4 = M1+ 500 ppm PBZ. The second factor was application time of the solutions (T), consisting of 3 levels, which were: T1 = 3, 4, 5, 6 weeks after emergence (WAE), T2 = 3, 4, 5 WAE, and T3 = 3, 4 WAE. The results showed that all of the PGR mixtures promoted tuber formation with 10 ppm 2,4-D + 100 ppm Daminozide + 500 ppm Paclobutrazol was found as the best PGR mixture. Moreover, the best time to spray the mixture was 3,4,5,6 WAE. Finally, the best interaction between PGR and application time was10 ppm 2,4-D + 100 ppm Daminozide + 10 ppm BAP applied at 3,4,5 WAE.
Exploration and evaluation of robusta coffee quality in Merangin Regency, Jambi Province
Authors: Martono B. , Izzah N.K. , Ibrahim M.S.D.
Published: March 2023

Jambi known as one of the Robusta coffee producing areas in Indonesia. Many of promising Robusta coffee clones were found at coffee plantations in Jambi and have adapted to local agroecosystems. The study aimed to evaluate the quality of Robusta coffee in Merangin Regency, Jambi Province. The exploration and evaluation were carried out in July 2020 and December 2021 using the survey method. In this study, several Robusta coffees clones that had developed in the community were found, such as Prima, Tugusari Kuning, Bengko, Mendo, and Tugusari Hijau. These clones are preferred because they have good taste and high productivity as well as adaptive in the highlands. The result of cupping test for Prima, Bengko, Local, Tugusari Kuning, Mendo, and Tugusari Hijau clones showed a final score of >80 (Fine Robusta) with a final score ranging from 80.50-81.63, while Parabola and Curup clones were categorized as not specialty with the score of 70.50 and 78.375, respectively. On the other hand, the results of caffeine content analysis of the Curup, Mendo, Parabola, Tugusari Hijau, and Tugusari Kuning clones ranged from 1.33-1.74%. This initial evaluation is expected to provide an overview of the existence of promising Robusta coffee clones in Jambi. Hence, these coffee clones can be developed as local superior clones in the future.
Implementation of effective distribution channels in the marketing of traditional rubber plantation in Tambang District, Kampar Regency, Riau
Authors: Khaswarina Shorea , Maharani Evy , Kausar Kausar , Andriani Yulia
Published: March 2023

Rubber marketing carried out by rubber farmers still involves several related institutions or does not sell rubber directly to factories so it provides several marketing channels for rubber in Tambang District. Factors which influence marketing channels are market considerations, product considerations, producer considerations and retail considerations. This research is expected to answer the channel research objectives and the factors that influence rubber marketing channels by using quantitative research methods, namely research that emphasizes analysis of numerical data (numbers) processed with statistical methods that can produce research results for each variable. The method of data collection is done by questionnaire, interview and observation. Based on the results of the study, there are four rubber marketing channels in Tambang District, namely marketing Channel I (farmer-trader-factory collector) of 42,19%. Marketing channel II (farmer, trader, wholesaler, factory) amount to 23,44%. Marketing channel III (farmer-trader-factory) of 26,56%. Marketing channel IV (farmer-farmer group-wholesaler-factory) by 7,81%. The results of the study of market considerations and producer judgment indicators are not good while the indicators of product valuation and considerations are good. The marketing channels in rubber marketing in Tambang District are in the unfavourable category with a total score of 1.112 and with a percentage of 48,23% from 64 respondents.
An investigation of the ecotourism development based on local wisdom in accelerating the village’s sustainable development goals
Authors: Suwanan Ahmad Fawaiq , Sayono Joko , Nuraini Fariha , Lupita Adi Delia
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to study the role and strategy of the ecotourism sector based on local wisdom in Padusan Village, Pacet District, Mojokerto. The best strategy for developing the ecotourism sector based on local wisdom in Padusan Village in accelerating the achievement of sustainable development (SDGs) was the further milestone of this study. The participation of local communities was an important element in the activities and development of ecotourism in Padusan Village. However, the study regarding the determinants of participation was extremely rare. To strengthen this determinant, the researcher added the role of the government and business behavior which are used as two antecedent variables for the local community of Padusan Village in hot spring ecotourism sourced from the Welirang mountain range. Researchers applied a Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) that was analyzed using primary data from the 178 ecotourism business communities in Padusan Village. The results showed the role of the government significantly influences local participation in the development of ecotourism. Ecotourism and social capital business behavior showed a significant influence on the participation of local communities. In addition, the participation of local communities in Padusan Village had an impact on significantly increasing the benefits associated with tourist activities. The results of the study also show community participation through the value of local wisdom in the form of mutual cooperation culture to develop ecotourism. One of them is the involvement of local residents as workers and managers of hot spring tourism in Padusan Village.