bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Découverte de solution et flexibilité cognitive
Authors: CLÉMENT Evelyne
Published: August 2021

A la lumière des recherches menées en éducation et en psychologie cognitive, ce chapitre traite du rôle de la flexibilité dans la découverte de solution. Il explore les liens entre flexibilité, créativité et performances académiques. Il souligne l’intérêt pour les apprentissages scolaires d’élaborer et dévaluer des dispositifs éducatifs favorisant la flexibilité et la créativité.
Faut-il des collections bioculturelles ? État des lieux et perspectives
Authors: BAHUCHET Serge
Published: August 2021

Les collections de sciences humaines du Muséum résultent de trajectoires différentes et se sont constituées indépendamment les unes des autres : ethnobotanique (spécimens végétaux et d’objets associés) et ethnologie (objets collectés au début de ce siècle). Le lien entre elles n’a jamais été fait. Nous exposons ici les principes qui ont été à la base de leur constitution et ceux d’une réorganisation scientifique en un seul ensemble « bioculturel », puis quelques lignes sur l’enrichissement et la recherche.
Reconstruire l’histoire des populations humaines : un défi pour l’anthropologie biologique
Authors: FRIESS Martin , GALLAND Manon
Published: August 2021

La recherche en anthropologie biologique vise à reconstruire l'histoire naturelle des populations humaines, leurs migrations à travers le globe et les mécanismes qui ont contribué à leur diversité. Par le biais de deux exemples, le premier peuplement des Amériques, et l'influence du climat sur la morphologie crânienne, ce chapitre illustre l'importance des collections de restes humains, dont celle du MNHN.
Les crustacés fossiles à la lumière des nouvelles technologies
Authors: CHARBONNIER Sylvain , FOREL Marie-Béatrice
Published: August 2021

La collection de crustacés fossiles du MNHN (invertébrés et micropaléontologie) est très diversifiée et conserve des milliers d’échantillons. L’utilisation des nouvelles technologies permet aujourd’hui de répondre à des questions importantes sur les relations de parenté entre crustacés fossiles et actuels, sur leur origine et leur diversification, sur leur distribution géographique et l’occupation des niches écologiques au cours des temps géologiques.
Photodegradation of atmospheric chromophores: changes in oxidation state and photochemical reactivity
Authors: Mu Zhen , Chen Qingcai , Zhang Lixin , Guan Dongjie , Li Hao
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Atmospheric chromophoric organic matter (COM) plays a fundamental
role in photochemistry and aerosol aging. However, the effects of
photodegradation on chemical components and photochemical reactivity of COM
remain unresolved. Here, we report the potential effects of photodegradation on carbon contents, optical properties, fluorophore components and photochemical reactivity in aerosol. After 7 d of photodegradation, fluorescent intensity and the absorption coefficient of COM decrease by 71.4 % and 32.0 %, respectively. Photodegradation makes a difference to the chemical component of chromophore and the degree of aerosol aging. Low-oxidation humic-like substance (HULIS) is converted into high-oxidation HULIS due to photooxidation. Photodegradation also changes the photochemical
reactivity. The generation of triplet-state COM (3COM*) decreases
slightly in ambient particulate matter (ambient PM) but increases in primary organic aerosol (POA) following photodegradation. The results highlight that the opposite effect of photodegradation on photochemical reactivity in POA and ambient PM. However, the generation of singlet-oxygen (1O2) decreases obviously in POA and ambient PM, which could be attributed to photodegradation of precursors of 1O2. The combination of optical property, chemical component and reactive oxygen species has an important impact on the air quality. The new insights on COM photodegradation in aerosol reinforce the importance of studying dissolved organic matter (DOM) related with the photochemistry and aerosol aging.
Quantifying the nonlinear dependence of energetic electron fluxes in the Earth's radiation belts with radial diffusion drivers
Authors: Osmane Adnane , Savola Mikko , Kilpua Emilia , Koskinen Hannu , Borovsky Joseph E. , Kalliokoski Milla
Published: August 2021

Abstract. In this study, we use mutual information to characterise statistical dependencies of seed and relativistic electron fluxes in the Earth's radiation belts on ultra low frequency (ULF) wave power measured on the ground and at geostationary orbit . The benefit of mutual information, in comparison to measures such as the Pearson correlation, lies in the capacity to distinguish nonlinear dependencies from linear ones. After reviewing the property of mutual information and its relationship with the Pearson correlation for Gaussian bivariates of arbitrary correlation, we present a methodology to quantify and distinguish linear and nonlinear statistical dependencies that can be generalised to a wide range of solar wind drivers and magnetospheric responses. We present an application of the methodology by revisiting the case events studied by Rostoker et al. (1998). Our results corroborate the conclusions of Rostoker et al. (1998) that ULF wave power and relativistic electron fluxes are statistically dependent upon one another. However, we find that observed enhancements in relativistic electron fluxes correlate modestly, both linearly and nonlinearly, with the ULF power spectrum when compared with values found in previous studies (Simms et al., 2014), and with values found between seed electrons and ULF wave power for the same case events. Our results are indicative of the importance in incorporating data analysis tools that can quantify and distinguish between linear and nonlinear interdependencies of various solar wind drivers.
Winter Subseasonal Wind Speed Forecasts for Finland from ECMWF
Authors: Hyvärinen Otto , Laurila Terhi K. , Räty Olle , Korhonen Natalia , Vajda Andrea , Gregow Hilppa
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The subseasonal forecasts from the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) were used to construct weekly mean wind speed forecasts for the spatially aggregated area in Finland.
Reforecasts for the winters (November, December and January) of 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 were analysed.
The ERA-Interim reanalysis was used as observations and climatological forecasts.
We evaluated two types of forecasts, the deterministic forecasts and the probabilistic forecasts.
Non-homogeneous Gaussian regression was used to bias-adjust both types of forecasts.
The forecasts proved to be skilful until the third week, but the longest skilful lead time
depends on the reference data sets and the verification scores used.
How are oxygen budgets influenced by dissolved iron and growth of oxygenic phototrophs in an iron-rich spring system? Initial results from the Espan Spring in Fürth, Germany
Authors: Köhler Inga , Martinez Raul E. , Piatka David , Herrmann Achim J. , Gallo Arianna , Gehringer Michelle M. , Barth Johannes A. C.
Published: August 2021

Abstract. At present most knowledge on the impact of iron on
18O / 16O ratios (i.e. δ18O) of dissolved oxygen
(DO) under circum-neutral conditions stems from experiments carried out
under controlled laboratory conditions. These showed that iron oxidation
leads to an increase in δ18ODO values. Here we present the
first study on effects of elevated Fe(II) concentrations on the δ18ODO in a natural, iron-rich, circum-neutral watercourse. Our
results show that iron oxidation was the major factor for rising dissolved oxygen
isotope compositions in the first 85 m of the system in the cold season
(February) and for the first 15 m during the warm season (May). Further
along the course of the stream, the δ18ODO decreased
towards values known for atmospheric equilibration around +24.6 ‰ during both seasons. Possible drivers for these changes may be reduced iron oxidation, increased atmospheric exchange and
DO production by oxygenic phototrophic algae mats. In the cold season, the
δ18ODO values stabilized around atmospheric equilibrium,
whereas in the warm season stronger influences by oxygenic photosynthesis caused values down to +21.8 ‰. In the warm season
from 145 m downstream of the spring, the δ18ODO
increased again until it reached atmospheric equilibrium. This trend can be
explained by respiratory consumption of DO combined with a relative
decrease in photosynthetic activity and increasing atmospheric influences.
Our study shows that dissolved Fe(II) can exert strong effects on the
δ18ODO of a natural circum-neutral spring system even
under constant supply of atmospheric O2. However, in the presence of
active photosynthesis, with supply of O2 to the system, direct
effects of Fe oxidation on the δ18ODO value become
masked. Nonetheless, critical Fe(II) concentrations may indirectly control
DO budgets by enhancing photosynthesis, particularly if cyanobacteria are
involved.
Modeling the growth and sporulation dynamics of the macroalga Ulva in mixed-age populations in cultivation and the formation of green tides
Authors: Obolski Uri , Wichard Thomas , Israel Alvaro , Golberg Alexander , Liberzon Alexander
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Ulva is a widespread green algal genus with important ecological roles and promising potential as a seagriculture crop. One of the major challenges when cultivating Ulva is sudden biomass disappearance, likely caused by uncontrolled and unpredicted massive sporulation. However, the dynamics of this process are still poorly understood. In this study, we propose a mathematical model describing the biomass accumulation and degradation of Ulva, considering the potential impact of sporulation inhibitors. We developed a differential equation model describing the time evolution of Ulva biomass. Our model simulates biomass in compartments of different Ulva ‘age’ classes, with varying growth and sporulation rates. Coupled with these classes is a differential equation describing the presence of a sporulation inhibitor, produced and secreted by the algae. Our model mimics observed Ulva dynamics. We present Ulva's biomass accumulation under different initial algae population age distributions and sporulation rates. Furthermore, we simulate water replacement, effectively depleting the sporulation inhibitor, and examine its effects on Ulva's biomass accumulation. The model developed in this work is the first step towards understanding the dynamics of Ulva growth and degradation. Future work refining and expanding our results should prove beneficial to the ecological research and industrial growth of Ulva.
Compound flood impact forecasting: Integrating fluvial and flash flood impact assessments into a unified system
Authors: Ritter Josias , Berenguer Marc , Dottori Francesco , Kalas Milan , Sempere-Torres Daniel
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Floods can arise from a variety of physical processes. Although numerous risk assessment approaches stress the importance of taking into account the possible combinations of flood types (i.e. compound floods), this awareness has so far not been reflected in the development of early warning systems: Existing methods for forecasting flood hazards or the corresponding socio-economic impacts are generally designed for only one type of flooding. During compound flood events, these flood type-specific approaches are unable to identify the overall hazards or impacts. Moreover, from the perspective of the end-users (e.g. civil protection authorities), the monitoring of separate flood forecasts – with potentially contradictory outputs – can be confusing and time-consuming, and ultimately impede an effective emergency response. To enhance the decision support, this paper proposes the integration of different flood type-specific approaches into one compound flood impact forecast. This possibility has been explored by combining the simulations of two impact forecasting methods (representing fluvial and flash floods) for a recent catastrophic episode of compound flooding: the DANA event of September 2019 in Southeast Spain. The combination of the two methods identified well the overall compound flood extents and impacts reported by various information sources. For instance, the simulated economic losses amounted to about 670 million Euros against 425 million Euros of reported insured losses. Although the compound impact estimates were less accurate at municipal level, they corresponded significantly better to the observed impacts than those generated by the two methods applied separately. This demonstrates the potential of such integrated approaches for improving the decision support.
Empirical evidence of a fluctuation theorem for the wind mechanical power input into the ocean
Authors: Wirth Achim , Chapron Bertrand
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Ocean dynamics is predominantly driven by the shear stress between the atmospheric winds and ocean currents. The mechanical power input to the ocean is fluctuating in space and time and the atmospheric wind sometimes decelerates the ocean currents. Building on 24 years of global satellite observations, the input of mechanical power to the ocean is analysed.
A fluctuation theorem (FT) holds when the logarithm of the ratio between the occurrence of positive and negative events, of a certain magnitude of the power input, is a linear function of this magnitude and the averaging period. The flux of mechanical power to the ocean shows evidence of a FT for regions within the recirculation area of the subtropical gyre but not over extensions of western boundary currents. A FT puts a strong constraint on the temporal distribution of fluctuations of power input, connects variables obtained with different lengths of temporal averaging, guides the temporal down- and up-scaling and constrains the episodes of improbable events.
Application of the governance disruptions framework to German agricultural soil policy
Authors: Bartkowski Bartosz , Bartke Stephan , Hagemann Nina , Hansjürgens Bernd , Schröter-Schlaack Christoph
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Governance of natural resources is inherently complex and requires
navigating trade-offs at multiple dimensions. In this paper, we present and
operationalize the “governance disruptions framework” (GDF) as a tool for
holistic analysis of natural resource governance systems. For each of the
four dimensions of the framework (target adequacy, object adequacy,
instrument adequacy, and behavioural adequacy), we formulate guiding
questions to be used when applying the framework to particular governance
systems. We then demonstrate the use of GDF by applying it to the core of
German agricultural soil policy. We show that for each framework dimension,
the governance system exhibits deficits, particularly with respect to object
adequacy and instrument adequacy. Furthermore, we use the GDF-based analysis
to highlight research gaps. We find that stakeholder analyses are a central
gap across GDF dimensions.
Accessibility Matters: Universal Design and the Online Professional Practice Doctorate
Authors: Chapman Lindsey A. , Jackson Amanda M.
Published: August 2021

Online doctoral programming geared toward working professionals can provide unprecedented flexibility in terms of time and place that affords greater access to a broader student demographic. At the same time, online learning poses its own unique set of challenges and limitations for students with and without disabilities. Universal Design (UD) is a framework built around the idea of proactively identifying and removing barriers to learning in the environment, pedagogical practices, and materials. In this essay, we highlight the necessity and relevance of UD to online doctoral programs and share insights related to its use in our program from faculty and student perspectives.
An Approach to an Online EdD in Community College Leadership Program
Authors: Harrington Christine , Hooper Kimberlee , Hughes AnnMarie , Klein Eric , Melendez John , Siddique Faraz , Wasserman Ellen
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this article is to provide an example of how an EdD in Community College Leadership program is offered in an online format. First, the benefits of online programs, including increased access and flexibility for working professionals and higher levels of diversity among the student body are discussed. Then, several strategies to promote connection among students and to facilitate a supportive, engaging learning environment virtually are shared.  For example, the value of using a cohort model, a carefully designed curriculum with assignments that have practical value, and a balance of synchronous and asynchronous learning activities is described.  Finally, the important role of and strategies for incorporating models and mentors into an online doctoral program are discussed.
Forward Momentum: Providing Supportive Space for EdD Students’ Dissertation Progression through Weekly Online Writing Sessions
Authors: Maldonado Laura G. , Dolfi J. Jordan , Bartlett, II James E. , Bartlett Michelle E.
Published: August 2021

This essay describes an online writing group introduced to a CPED EdD program at a research-intensive, land-grant university during the summer of 2020 when the existing face-to-face program shifted to fully online delivery. The purpose of the writing sessions was to support EdD student practitioners with dissertation writing productivity by offering multiple weekly opportunities for synchronous writing sessions via Zoom online video conferencing. Although this new program is still in development, initial student feedback suggests that the writing sessions not only supported students’ dissertation progression, but it also established a sense of community and social support in an online environment. Lessons learned are shared, and we argue that this could be an ideal time to offer online writing sessions, especially since the pandemic will continue into the coming months.
Building and Sustaining Community in an Online EdD Program
Authors: Buss Ray R. , Wolf Leigh Graves
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this essay, we have described how we build and sustain community in our online EdD program. Initially, we discussed our understanding of community and its influence on our efforts. Then, we discussed three important theoretical frameworks—Wenger’s Community of Practice, Garrison et al.’s Community of Inquiry, and Morris and Stommel’s Critical Digital Pedagogy—and how those frameworks helped to shape our efforts in building and sustaining an online community. Next, we discussed strategies/processes that we have successfully used to build and sustain community in our online program.  These strategies were grouped around three kinds of relationships that have been central to community formation, interaction, and continuation—student-to-student, student-to-faculty, and student-to-broader-community. We discussed specific strategies such as the Leadership Challenge, Doctoral Research Conference, an online program “Hub,” comprehensive and immediate feedback, mentoring, and Leader Scholar Communities, that we have found to be particularly useful in building and sustaining an online community.
Porovnanie nástrojov vizuálneho vyhľadávania
Authors: Pastierová Mirka
Published: August 2021

Naše vnímanie je založené na preferencii vizuálnych podnetov. Spolu s možnosťami smartfónov sa vyvíjajú aj technológie umelej inteligencie, vďaka ktorým sa nástroje vizuálneho vyhľadávania dostávajú do popredia a našli svoje uplatnenie najmä v e-commerce. Vizuálne vyhľadávanie, jeho benefity, konkrétne nástroje vizuálneho vyhľadávania a porovnanie nástrojov predstavuje tento článok.
Leopoldina online - in site digital content aggregating service
Authors: Malak Piotr
Published: August 2021

Increasing amount of digitised content is a very promising fact. It promises a wide and easy access to digitised pictures of valuable content and artefacts. But reality shows us it may be contrary – we encounter problems searching digitised content. Metadata aggregating services solve the problem. Splendid example of such is Europeana providing universal access to European digital cultural heritage resources. Locally we may know digital libraries metadata aggregators, such as Polish FBC (Federation of Digital Libraries). Very functional they have limitation, though. They provide access to limited, in terms of formats, sources. Organisations aiming towards digital transformation face a new challenge – combining variety of available digital content formats. An attempt to address problem of access to different digital resources in a Leopoldina online platform. Developed by University of Wroclaw (UWr), in cooperation with PSNC – Polish national meta data aggregator for Europeana, it aims to aggregate and deliver digital resources of various UWr units. In current paper we present goals of the project, short description of different digital resources available, metadata handling and common, universal search engine design.
The troll under the bridge: should Australian publishers of young adult literature act as moral-gatekeepers?
Authors: Plozza Shivaun
Published: August 2021

In the world of Young Adult Literature, the perceived impact of certain texts on the

moral, social and psychological development of its readers is a cause for debate. The

question ‘what is suitable content for a pre-adult readership’ is one guaranteed to

produce conflicting, polarising and impassioned responses. Within the context of this

debate, the essay explores a number of key questions. Do publishers have a moral

obligation to avoid certain topics or should they be pushing the boundaries of teen

fiction further? Is it the role of the publisher to consider the impact of books they

publish to a teenage audience? Should the potential impact of a book on its reader be

considered ahead of a book’s potential to sell and make money? This article analyses

criticism and praise for two ‘controversial’ Australian Young Adult books: Sonya

Hartnett’s Sleeping Dogs (1997) and John Marsden’s Dear Miffy (1997). It argues that

‘issues-books’ are necessary to the development of teens, and publishers should

continue to push the envelope of teen fiction while ensuring they make a concerted

effort to produce quality, sensitive and challenging books for a teen market.
Introduction: Queer writing – setting the scene
Authors: Jay Daniel Thompson Dallas J Baker and
Published: August 2021

This act of writing produces something of a genealogy of the various notions of writing

and text that have circulated within the critical or scholarly domain. It also discusses

the convergence of notions of writing with certain ideas from Queer Theory, such as

performativity (Butler 1990), that resulted in the emergence of what might be called

Queer Writing. The article also acts as an introduction to the works contained in

Beyond Australia Queer, a special Queer issue of _TEXT: Journal of Writing and

Writing Courses.
Telemonitoring Perkecambahan Benih Jati Emas Dengan Induksi Medan Magnet Statis
Authors: Kusumawardani Mila , Kusumaningtyas Zulfa Anggraini , Arinie Farida , Ridho hendra yoga perdana
Published: August 2021

In the cultivation of teak plants often have problems because teak seeds have a thick and hard skin or impermiabel (difficult to penetrate) to water and gas so as to slow germination. The magnetic field can increase the growth rate in inactive seed seeds because the magnetic field affects the physical and chemical properties of water as a germination medium. Water exposed by the magnetic field can be absorbed easily with tissues in the seeds, thus shortening seed dormancy and increasing the percentage of seed germination. This study aims to understand the growth process of dormancy seed germination, To know the influence of magnetic fields on the growth of teak seed seeds, as a solution to the problem of seed dormancy in teak seed seeds. Therefore, the method used in this study is to provide exposure to teak seeds and make tools for monitoring teak growth in real time with the parameters of planting media moisture (to see the absorption of water) and high seeds (for the growth of teak seeds), so that used YL69 sensor for soil moisture and sharp infrared sensor gp2y0a02yk0f for high plants.
Awareness of physical therapy among medical doctors in Swabi
Authors: Ahmad Zahoor , Shah Zohra
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Physical therapists works in a number of environments including hospitals, private practitioners, outpatient clinics, health care agencies, colleges, sports and recreation centres, workplaces and nursing homes. In Pakistan, the referral of patients to the physical therapy is mainly by physicians or doctors. It is it is important for the doctors to have awareness about the role of physical therapists.
Material & Methods: This was a cross sectional survey conducted from Jan 2020 to August 2020. The research was based on a self-structured questionnaire which was provided to medical doctors at a hospital in Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The total number of participants in this survey was 145 doctors. The sampling techniques used for this survey was convenient sampling. Inclusion criteria of the study was medical doctors holding MBBS or equivalent degree. Data collected was analysed through SPSS version 22.
Results: Out of 145 participants, 112 (77.2%) were males and 33 (22.8%) were females. Questionnaire was filled by 11.7% orthopaedic specialists, 11.0% neurologists, 13.1% paediatricians, 20.7% gynaecologists and 43.4% by doctor of other specialties. From the total participants, only 98 (67.4%) were aware about the eligibility criteria of entering in the field of physiotherapy, 77.9 % were aware about the specialization in physiotherapy and 90.3% were aware about the treatment of physiotherapy. Those who agreed that physiotherapy helps in reducing pain were 132 with percentage 91.0%.120(82.8%) doctors agreed that physical therapy is crucial in community-based recovery. According to 125 doctors, early intervention through physical therapy leads to an effective rehabilitation. A total of 61(42.1%) doctors agreed that physiotherapy was an excellent field.
Conclusion: It was found out that nearly 60% of the medical doctors in District Swabi were familiar with physiotherapy care and with the field of physiotherapy. A big number of these doctors (80 percent of doctors) were aware that physiotherapy helps in reducing pain, provide appropriate care and plays an important role in the community.
Synthesis of 3,3′- Di-indolylmethanes under mild conditions by Microwave Irradiation Mediated Reactions of Indoles with C, N-Diaryl nitrones
Authors: Banerji Avijit , Saha Rina , Gupta Maya , Banerji Julie , Das Manosi , Subhose V. , Prasad P.V.V.
Published: August 2021

3,3′-Di-indolylmethane derivatives are important biologically active compounds possessing anti-cancer properties. Hence, development of synthetic routes to these are of great interest to organic chemists. In the present communication we report a high-yield method using mild reaction conditions and short reaction times for the synthesis of 3,3′-di-indolylmethane derivatives. The method involved reactions of indole and substituted indoles with C,N-disubstituted nitrones in the presence of acid catalysts, with the utilisation of microwave irradiation techniques. Reactions of indole, 2-methyl indole and 2-phenyl indole were performed with ten different C,N-diaryl- and C-aryl-N-methyl- nitrones in dichloromethane solution in the absence and presence of acid catalysts, viz. ytterbium triflate, p-toluene sulphonic acid and Montmorillonite clay K-10. Reaction times varied between 2 to 18 minutes. In general, yields of the catalysed reactions were above 75%. The products were characterised spectroscopically, including two-dimensional NMR studies. The microwave irradiation technique enhanced reaction rates by a significant amount. Ytterbium triflate proved to be the best catalyst, giving clean reactions, without formation of by-products, in high yields. The structure and conformation of 3,3′-di-indolyl-phenylmethane were computed.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT:
We report a high-yield method using mild reaction conditions and short reaction times for the synthesis of 3,3′-di-indolylmethane derivatives, involving reactions of indole and substituted indoles with C, N-disubstituted nitrones in the presence of acid catalysts using microwave irradiation.
A Comprehensive report on Solid Dispersions by Factorial Design
Authors: Abdul Ahad Hindustan , Chinthaginjala Haranath , Rahamtulla Syed , Pallavi Barji Prasanna , Shashanka Chakali , Prathyusha Jangam
Published: August 2021

The drugs of present use are lipophilic. Hence there is a need to surge the solubility of these drugs. To encounter this necessity one of the approaches is the formulation of drugs in form of Solid dispersions. Solid dispersions are a type of dispersion having one or extra one API in a torpid carrier at a solid state. We focused on the importance of solid dispersions in pharmaceutical formulation by using factorial design as it was easy to formulate. These solid dispersions are organized by several practises such as solvent technique, supercritical fluid technique and kneading tactic, etc., by referring the several journals, literature and pharmacy magazines we came to know that Solid dispersion are used to improve the solubility of the poor water-soluble drugs and also its bioavailability. At last, we conclude that through these Solid dispersions we can boost the Therapeutic efficiency of hydrophobic drugs by achieving greater solubility.
Dementia in contact sport athletes: using multiplexed immunofluorescence labelling to study neuropathology
Authors: Murray Helen
Published: August 2021

Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury is linked to a progressive neurodegenerative disorder called chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). CTE has been reported in athletes from a range of sports including rugby, soccer, American football, boxing and ice hockey. CTE neuropathology involves the accumulation of tau protein around blood vessels in the cortical sulci, but we know very little about other brain changes that occur and how they differ from other forms of dementia. In this talk, Dr Murray will introduce her recently funded project which will use multiplexed immunofluorescence to label 50 different antibodies on a single human brain tissue section to investigate the microenvironment of a CTE lesion. To identify the anatomical signature of CTE, this labelling will be also be compared to Alzheimer’s disease and normal aging pathology. Dr Murray is currently establishing the multiplex tissue labelling technique at FMHS and the production of this large, high-content image data presents an opportunity to develop innovative analysis tools for anatomical research. Overall, this project will provide the first comprehensive characterisation of CTE pathology and will identify potential targets to detect and prevent CTE pathology during an athlete's life.
Exploring Plantation Development and Land Cover Changes in the Meme-Mungo Corridor of Cameroon
Authors: Forba Cletus Fru , Kimengsi Jude Ndzifon
Published: August 2021

There is an apparent nexus between the development of plantations and changes in landcover. The Meme-Mungo Corridor is an example par excellence of a tropical plantation corridor in Cameroon which has witnessed significant expansion in tropical plantations of cocoa, banana, rubber and oil palm, among others. This paper analyzes the connection between land cover changes and plantation development over a 42-year period (1960 and 2012). A total of 100 households were sampled using the systematic sampling technique. Furthermore, multispectral data, obtained from the Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF, 2005) were used in the classification of the study area. These images were processed using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) software and further compiled into a GIS database using ESRI ArcGIS software. The results showed that between 1960 and 2012, a more than 50% increase in the surface area of plantation crops was registered, leadingto a corresponding change in the land cover situation. Based on this, the study probed into the implications of further plantation development on land cover; further land cover changes could be attributed to the extension of plantations. This paperrecommends among others, the need for intensive agriculture to be encouraged so as to ensure an increase in agricultural output against the backdrop of a decline in agricultural space. Furthermore, augmenting agro-product value chains will stem the loss of agro-produce due to perishability. This will contribute to regulate extensive plantation development in the area.
Species composition and catch of sharks, rays and skates in Ba Ria - Vung Tau and Binh Thuan provinces of Vietnam
Authors: Bui Manh Q
Published: August 2021

Research on 2,626 individuals of sharks, rays and skates in total of 123 fishing boats were sampled during 2015 to 2016 in Ba Ria - Vung Tau and Binh Thuan provinces. The results identified 77 species of sharks, rays and skates belong to 22 families and 10 orders in Ba Ria - Vung Tau and Binh Thuan provinces. Of these, 57 species were recorded in Ba Ria - Vung Tau and 48 species in Binh Thuan. The families were found in the highest number of species such as Carcharhinidae family with 9 species, Dasyatidae family with 19 species and Rajidae family with 5 species. The total catch of sharks, rays and skates was 23,599 tons in Ba Ria - Vung Tau and was 24,355 tons in Binh Thuan. Sharks, rays and skates ratio made up from 0.2% to 0.5% in total catch landing from landing sites. Total length of sharks ranges from 21.0 cm to 366.0 cm, disc length of rays fluctuates from 11.0 cm to 248.0 cm and skates have a range from 0.7 cm to 152.0 cm in disc length.
Reduction in Blood Loss with Tranexamic Acid use in Dynamic Hip Screw Surgery for Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Muqadas Ali , Mahmood Arif , Farooqi Faheem Mubashir , Jabbar Shumaila
Published: August 2021

Aim: To compare the mean decrease in hemoglobin levels in fixation of intertrochanteric fractures with or without use of Tranexamic acid. Methods: This study was conducted at Orthopedics Unit II, Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Total 78 patients were included in the study. Duration of study was from 15-07-2017 till 15-01-2018.Study was approved by hospital ethical committee. A written informed consent was taken. Diagnosis was made clinically and with help of radiology. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in intervention Tranexamic acid (TXA) group received 15 mg/kg of Tranexamic acid at the time of induction of anesthesia and repeated after three hours, while those in the control group received placebo which is normal saline, intravenously. Results: There were 16(41%) males and 23(59%) females in group-A. There were 15(38.5%) males and 24(61.5%) females in group-B. Mean age in group A (control) with standard deviation was 44.2051±9.64141. Mean age in group B (TXA) was 45.9744±9.03061. p value 0.0046. Mean BMI in group A was 25.65±5.136. Mean BMI in group B was 24.307±2.153. p value 0.233. In group A 13(33.3%) patients had hypertension and 26(66.67%) did not have hypertension in group-A. In group B 16 (46.2%) patients had hypertension and 21 (53.8%) did not have hypertension in group-B. Mean fall in Hb in Group A was 9.47±1.054. Mean fall in Hb in group B was 9.547±0.9402. p value 0.001. Statistically significant difference was present in Group B (TXA) in term of mean fall in Hb ( p value 0.001). Conclusion: We in our study concluded that the patients in TXA group who were given tranexamic acid 1g intravenously before start of surgery had a lesser fall in mean Hb for the operative treatment of per trochanteric fractures with dynamic hip screw. Hence injecting tranexamic acid intravenously can effectively reduce the blood loss during DHS surgery for the intertrochanteric fractures. Keywords: Interochanteric fracture, tanexamic acid, blood loss
Chronic intake of valproic acid decreases total cholesterol level in adult population
Authors: Aziz Rao S , Saeed Usman , Ali Liaqat , Arshad Muhammad , Abbas Roman , Mushtaq Sana , Shahzad Asif , Shaukat A.
Published: August 2021

Background: Valproic acid (VA) serve as the antimigraine, anti-mental disturbances agent and antiepileptic medicine. After using VA, metabolic rearrangements seen in patients that include alteration in lipoproteins levels; however, this topic is still under discussion and disputable. Aim: To discuss the effects of VA after using for long duration on total levels of cholesterol in adult. Methods: About Eighty candidates participated and they were divided into two groups namely, case group (40 candidates) and control groups40 candidates). All the candidates were asked for collection of venous blood sample in order to determine total cholesterol serum level among them via aid of enzymatic cholesterol oxidase phenol 4-aminoantipyrine peroxidase. By the aid of the logistic regression analysis, the relationship of the long-term VA treatment and the level of total cholesterol was obtained. With respect to our analysis, there is a co relation between total levels of cholesterol and long term usage of VA (P=0.003). Results: There were no noteworthy link for age, sex, body BMI, height medication usage, smoking, diabetes mellitus and VA dosage , except combination of anti-epileptic drugs Conclusion: In a net shell, by using VA for long duration, the total level of cholesterol in adults reduces. Keywords: Lipid profile, side effects, total cholesterol, valproic acid
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among English language learners of Sterilization program COVID-19
Authors: Khan Intakhab Alam
Published: August 2021

Background: This study explored the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among the students of ‘sterilization program’ while learning English language amidst COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Aim: To diagnose ADHD among the learners, and later propose some digital strategies to motivate the learners for resilience. Methods: A qualitative exploratory study was undertaken in April, 2020. A diagnostic tool was administered to 41 students pursuing ‘Sterilization program’ at king Abdulaziz University in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Later, learners with ADHD (N=9) were selected for in-depth study. Data was collected using the ADHD self-report scale V1.1 screener. Results Five professors from the concerned department were purposively selected for the interviews for qualitative analysis using thematic analysis. Confidentiality and anonymity was ensured as per the ethical standard. Many students demonstrate signs of ADHD, therefore there is a need of assessment and intervention. Teachers, counselors and managers need to take care of such learners. Conclusions: Conclusions were drawn that students with ADHD need relevant interventions in general and specific pedagogy. Keywords: ADHD, English language, sterilization, Attention deficit hyperactivity, digital strategies, motivation
Cidade MIL, um conceito em construção: a cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Guillén Isabel Camañes M. , Ortiz F.
Published: August 2021

Propomos apresentar aqui, o framework das Cidades Mil, uma iniciativa experimental proposta pela UNESCO com uma aproximação aos indicadores observados em iniciativas de desenvolvimento urbano da cidade de São Paulo. A partir de uma abordagem do planejamento urbano entendido de maneira a considerar a governança e a participação democrática, são enumeradas uma série de políticas públicas na cidade de São Paulo, com objetivo de aproximação à estrutura proposta pela cidade MIL, com promoção de inclusão socio­territorial, buscando, além do uso coletivo do território, a acessibilidade a todos. O desenvolvimento do artigo se dá com a apresentação do conceito das Cidades Mil e suas métricas, seguida pela descrição da realidade da cidade de São Paulo, trazendo uma perspectiva dos desafios históricos vivenciados pela cidade e a construção de um conjunto de procedimentos de regulação, resultando numa aproximação entre estes procedimentos e as práticas propostas pelas Cidades Mil.
More women in politics: a challenge for MIL Cities
Authors: Wania T.
Published: August 2021

Cultural barriers to communication have been one of the reasons why women still have low representation in politics. Especially in Brazil, where they are 52% of the electorate. In the last election for mayors and councilors held in 2016, for example, of the 5,668 cities, only 641 elected women for the position of mayor. The municipal legislature also became mostly male: only 24 have a majority of councilors. In this chapter, we will present a little of the history of the female vote in Brazil and ana­ lyze, through a case study, the candidacy of three female leaders: the Brazilians Dilma Roussef and Marina Silva, and the American Hillary Clinton. The objective is to compare how cultural barriers to communi­ cation, based on the concept created by Professor Doctor Felipe Chibás Ortiz and recognized by Unesco’s GAPMIL, — “as the set of factors, sym­ bolic or concrete that go beyond idiomatic differences that can hinder communication between people or organizations of different ethnici­ ties, values, countries, peoples, regions or cultures” — presented them­ selves with each of the candidates. Suggestions of solutions recognized by the MIL Cities will also be presented, through education, training and women’s empowerment, with actions and interventions in physical and digital spaces.
Contributions of the Digital Marketing Cycle and Political Marketers to the Construction of MIL Cities
Authors: Maia L.
Published: August 2021

This study focuses on how Felipe Chibás Ortiz’s Digital Marketing Cycle and its use by communication and political marketing professionals in Brazil in election campaigns and maintenance of candidate mandates can contribute to the construction of MIL cities. In addition to a brief theoretical survey, a survey conducted in December 2020 of 47 political marketing and communication professionals from different states in Brazil was used as a basis to gather information on their preferred tools and strategies to be used in election campaigns and the maintenance of mandates of their candidates. This survey will be used in the future for a broader analysis on how we can change the way marketing is worked in a more strategic, technological and, above all, ethical way, beyond combating disinformation according to what is proposed in MIL cities.
Insinuating cocktailed components in biocompatible-nanoparticles could act as an impressive neo-adjuvant strategy to combat COVID-19
Authors: Kuchi Bhotla Haripriya , Balasubramanian Balamuralikrishnan , Arumugam Vijaya Anand , Pushparaj Karthika , Easwaran Murugesh , Baskaran Rathinasamy , Saravanan Muthupandian , Pappusamy Manikantan , Meyyazhagan Arun
Published: August 2021

The novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread rapidly worldwide, freezes all sectors, and was declared a life-threatening disease by the World Health Organization on Jan 30, 2020. So far, no specific drugs are identified or approved for treating SARS-CoV-2. In the past few years, nanomaterials are in the limelight for their ability to deliver the drugs effectively and selectively to target like siRNA, the prime infection sites, and benefiting us to visualize the particular regions, treatment reactions via non-intruding imaging techniques. As intranasal delivery interacts directly to the infection site with minimal side effects on the healthy cell, we postulate to administer a mixture of few polyherbal formulations like the golden spice curcumin, sitopaladi churna (SPC), and kaempferol in zein-chitosan nanoparticles as a life-saving measure for treating Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases. This viewpoint will shed light on the antiviral role of curcumin, SPC, and kaempferol zein-chitosan nanoparticle to modulate immune responses and observe its curative approach to the current pandemic COVID.
A novel approach to estimate postrelease survival for estuarine fishes
Authors: Schloesser RW , Leber KM , Brennan NP , Caldentey P
Published: August 2021

Effective adaptive management of aquaculture-based fisheries enhancement programs requires iterative feedback on the impact of stocking activities. For estuarine finfishes, postrelease survival is particularly challenging to assess where recapture rates are low or difficult to obtain.
We describe a novel approach to assess short-term apparent survival of hatchery-reared fish stocked into open estuarine systems and address postrelease behavioral states to quantify weekly survival of common snook (Centropomus undecimalis) after one year of monitoring. Following a weekly
spatial and temporal replicate-release design for two experimental releases, 1922 juvenile snook (133–281 mm fork length) were marked with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and released among two regions of Phillippi Creek, Florida. Marine-adapted PIT tag antenna arrays detected
79% of released individuals and provided daily resighting histories for analysis with multistate mark-recapture models. Resighting histories were best explained by short-term differences in apparent survival among the first few weeks, and long-term patterns in detectability driven by residency
behaviors. Weekly apparent survival rates increased from between 0.25 and 0.52 after the first week to >0.9 after week five. Fork length positively influenced survival for both releases and water height positively influenced detectability for the fall release. The highest survival was observed
for individuals released in lower Phillippi Creek in the spring, suggesting lower reaches of tidal creek systems provide ideal release locations for juvenile snook. Further application of this approach will help refine optimal release locations, times, and procedures, promote adaptive management
of enhancement programs, and maximize the benefits of strategic, science-based stocking on receiving populations.
O CORPO: INSEGURANÇA E INEXPERIÊNCIA EM “AMORES DE UM VENTRÍLOQUO”, DE MOACYR SCLIAR, E “SEXO COM AMOR”, DE ANDRÉ SANT’ANNA
Authors: Costa Rafael Magno
Published: August 2021

O artigo tem por objetivo analisar, em dois contos da literatura brasileira, a representação do corpo como canal de manifestação da insegurança e inexperiência masculina. O método de análise é o descritivo analítico baseado em teorias sociais sobre representações masculinas (estudos das masculinidades). Desse modo, a análise dos contos demonstra a afirmação do porte físico dos personagens que trazem, seja pelo excesso ou pela carência da força física, essa insegurança que, em algumas situações, pode se externar em violência como autoafirmação. Como resultado dessa leitura, o corpo é depreendido a partir de representações que trazem a perspectiva de experiência ou inexperiência e pelo desejo de satisfação sexual a partir do corpo alheio.