bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVALÊNCIA DE COLAGEM DE FRAGMENTO EM UM CENTRO ESPECIALIZADO EM TRAUMATISMOS DENTÁRIOS - RESULTADOS DE 15 ANOS
Authors: Nakamura Camila Arissa , Andrade Mariana Podadeiro de , Rombaldo Anna Carolina Cenci Matick , Pavan Nair Narumi Orita , Mori Aline Akemi , Terada Raquel Sano Suga
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A colagem de fragmentos é um tratamento conservador para casos de fraturas dentárias, com ou sem envolvimento pulpar, e deve ser considerada como uma alternativa a ser explorada já que traz muitos benefícios ao preservar a estética e restaurar adequadamente função. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de colagem de fragmentos dentários em pacientes com fraturas coronárias não complicadas atendidos em um centro brasileiro especializado em traumatismos dentoalveolares (projeto CEMTrau), no período de 2008 a 2022. Metodologia: Foi realizado um levantamento transversal e retrospectivo dos prontuários de pacientes atendidos nesse período e a análise foi realizada nas dependências de uma universidade pública de graduação em odontologia do sul do Brasil. Todos os registros do período foram contabilizados para obtenção do número total de pacientes atendidos e criada uma planilha Excel para extrair os seguintes dados: data do tratamento, sexo, idade na primeira consulta, dentes acometidos pelo trauma, número de acompanhamentos, comprometimento pulpar e meio de armazenamento do fragmento. A coleta de dados foi realizada por um único pesquisador e os dados foram analisados ​​descritivamente. Resultados: Foram incluídos 670 registros, sendo 1.474 dentes acometidos por trauma. 33 dentes foram submetidos à colagem de fragmentos, resultando em uma prevalência de 2,2% de 2008 a 2022. O perfil mais prevalente foram pacientes do sexo masculino, com 11 anos de idade, os incisivos centrais superiores mais acometidos, sendo a solução salina o meio de armazenamento mais utilizado. Aproximadamente 2 acompanhamentos foram realizados e apenas 4 dentes receberam proteção pulpar. Resultados: Uma baixa taxa de prevalência de colagem de fragmentos foi observada nos últimos 15 anos, possíveis explicações para esse resultado incluem a ausência e impossibilidade da colagem e o desconhecimento do paciente da técnica. Campanhas de conscientização sobre como proceder frente traumatismos dentários são de grande valia futuramente.
MIGRAÇÃO E SAÚDE: ADAPTAÇÃO, ESTRESSE, SAÚDE E BEM-ESTAR DE ENFERMEIROS PORTUGUESES MIGRANTES NA EUROPA
Authors: Teixeira Mário Rui Pereira , Ramos Maria Natália Pereira
Published: December 2024

Introdução: A migração de enfermeiros portugueses para outros países europeus começou a aumentar após a crise financeira em Portugal de 2008. A saúde e o bem-estar são características vitais da migração, mas existem poucos estudos sobre esta matéria relativamente aos enfermeiros, designadamente portugueses. Objetivo: Analisar a adaptação de enfermeiros portugueses aos países de acolhimento e a novos locais de trabalho, os fatores de estresse vividos, as suas estratégias e recursos de enfrentamento, bem como a sua saúde e bem-estar. Metodologia: Neste estudo utilizou-se uma metodologia mista, constituída por entrevistas semiestruturadas com 19 imigrantes e pelo inventário Brief-COPE. As entrevistas foram analisadas de acordo com o método de análise temática. Resultados: Os estressores vivenciados foram a língua, o clima, a discriminação, a separação da família e a gravidez e maternidade sem apoio familiar, destacando-se o domínio do idioma como a maior dificuldade sentida. No trabalho, o maior estressor foi a jornada de trabalho de 12 horas. Estes enfermeiros utilizaram estratégias de enfrentamento focadas no problema e na emoção, com predominância desta última. Conclusões: A maioria dos participantes inquiridos avaliou positivamente a sua saúde e bem-estar, atribuindo esta situação a um melhor nível económico e profissional, bem como à qualidade de vida alcançada.
UMA TRAJETÓRIA DE 10 ANOS DE CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA O SABER COLETIVO!
Authors: Souza Georgia Costa de Araújo , Costa Iris do Céu Clara
Published: December 2024

A Revista Ciência Plural (RCP) celebra uma década de existência em 2024 e, para marcar essa data especial, lança sua edição comemorativa com a publicação de 24 artigos. Com uma trajetória ininterrupta de contribuição ao longo desses anos, as editoras têm o prazer de apresentar o terceiro número do volume 10, do ano de 2024, trazendo artigos de alta qualidade que impulsionam o conhecimento e fortalecem o campo científico em áreas fundamentais como saúde, educação, ciência e tecnologia. Este número também aborda temas relevantes relacionados ao Sistema Único de Saúde, com uma diversidade de tópicos essenciais para o campo da saúde.
Análise da dinâmica do desmatamento e regeneração da vegetação natural na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Itapecuru, Maranhão
Authors: Melo Kamylla Fernandes , Nascimento Maiane Rodrigues do , Nascimento Mayara Rodrigues , Filho Gildo Ferreira Silva , Santos Eduardo Silva dos , Oliveira Kamilla Andrade de , Mendes Telmo José
Published: December 2024

Em razão das diversas modificações que ocorrem em uma Bacia Hidrográfica, como o desmatamento, que desencadeia uma gama de problemas ambientais. O presente estudo visa avaliar a dinâmica do uso e ocupação do solo, analisando fatores importantes, como índices de desmatamento e regeneração de áreas desmatadas ao longo de uma série multitemporal dos últimos 31 anos (1988 a 2019) na BHRI, utilizando ferramentas de geoprocessamento por meio de imagens disponíveis na plataforma Mapbiomas coleção 7.0. Foram verificadas as modificações em 9 classes para formação vegetal natural e 7 classes para formação vegetal antrópica. De acordo com a análise dos dados no ano de 1988 a BHRI, apresentou um total de 4.950.212 ha de vegetação em toda sua área. A vegetação secundária aumentou entre os anos de 1988, que antes eram cerca de 33.329 há, em 2019 passou a ser 240.165 ha, permitindo considerar que houve um aumento na regeneração dentro da área da bacia ao longo dos anos. Contudo verificou-se que a metodologia utilizando o geoprocessamento contribuiu positivamente para a realização dos resultados apresentados, e mesmo havendo um aumento dos índices de regeneração existe a necessidade de investimento em ações de proteção dos recursos naturais e principalmente da vegetação nativa.
História e Memória da Criação das Escolinhas de Arte (Brasil-Portugal)
Authors: Araújo Regiane  Rodrigues , Gonçalves Adalucami  Menezes Pereira , Evangelista Karla Karine Nascimento Fahel
Published: December 2024

O presente texto versa sobre a história e a memória da criação das primeiras Escolinhas de Arte do Brasil e de Portugal, bem como do labor criativo dos seus fundadores: Augusto Rodrigues e Cecília Menano. O objetivo consistiu em demonstrar o quanto a formação humana carece de práticas educativas pautadas no conhecimento da sensibilidade artística e na educação estética. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, pautada nos estudos de Gaskell (2002), com a utilização de imagens como fonte de pesquisa, de acordo com as contribuições de Kossoy (2007) e Walter Benjamin (2009). Os resultados nos revelaram um processo de descolonização da educação pela arte, por via do Movimento Escolinhas de Arte do Brasil e do pioneirismo de Augusto Rodrigues. Concluímos que a inclusão da arte nas diversas atividades educativas propicia o desenvolvimento da criatividade e da autonomia na infância.
Ecological imbalance on the area of Shapahar Upazila, Naogaon district over three decades (1993÷2023) and prediction trend next ten years: a GIS approach
Authors:   Department of Environmental Science, Stamford University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Hossain Nazmul , Hassan Ahammodullah ,   Department of Mathematics, Islamic University, Bangladesh, Adnan Jannatul ,   Department of Chemistry, Chowmuhani Govt. S A College, Chowmuhani, Begumganj, Bangladesh, Mim Tasmia Jahin ,   Department of Biotechnology, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Hossain Arman ,   Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh, Molla Ariful ,   Department of Environment Science & Disaster Management, Jagannath University, Bangladesh, Hossain Noor ,   Deptartmentof Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences (CARS), University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, Jahan Habib Ibne ,   Institute of Disaster and Vulnerability Studies, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, Mamun Abdulla Al ,   Department of Mathematics, Milestone College, Bangladesh
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes land cover changes over three decades (1993-2023) in Shapahar Upazila using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques. The analysis reveals significant shifts in vegetation, water bodies, bare soil, and settlement areas, correlating these changes with shifts in temperature and precipitation. Predictions for the next ten years (2024-2033) indicate a significant increase in vegetation cover. The findings highlight the importance of sustainable land management practices and policies to mitigate ecological imbalances. Utilizing GIS strategies, remote sensing statistics, and meteorological datasets, we examine the converting patterns of four key land cover sorts: water bodies, vegetation area, bare soil, and settlement area. This paper also links Land use and Land cover (LULC) with other temperature and precipitation facts to understand the ability correlations and conjuring factors of LULC change. The analysis suggests that LULC has modified in numerous ways over time, including urbanization developments, flora enlargement, changes within the extent of water bodies, and corresponding adjustments in temperature and moisture patterns. Combining an analysis of specific percent changes in land cover types between consecutive years with the calculation of temperature and precipitation changes helps to understand the relationship between multiple environmental parameters influencing the landscape of Shapahar Upazila. Our study provides additional information regarding the changes in environmental conditions and landscape dynamics in the region and gives contextual information to help land managers, stakeholders, and policymakers understand the current trends in the area and develop climate mitigation and adaptation policies for sustainable development.
Current Approaches to Ulcerative Colitis Management: A Comprehensive Overview of Methodologies and Treatments
Authors: Rawat Aman , Srivastava Richa
Published: December 2024

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic, idiopathic, inflammatory condition affecting the colon, primarily impacting individuals aged 30 to 40. It typically begins in the rectum and gradually progresses to the proximal regions of the colon, characterized by recurrent and remitting mucosal inflammation. Ulcerative colitis is categorized under inflammatory bowel disease, which encompasses various gastrointestinal tract disorders, but its underly-ing pathophysiology remains unclear. The development of ulcerative colitis is influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and inflammatory factors. The severity of the disease guides the management of ulcerative colitis. Restorative strategies include the use of TNF-α (anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha) monoclonal antibodies. Janus Kinase inhibi-tors suppress cell signaling of the innate immune system. As ongoing research continues, the treatment options for ulcerative colitis are continually evolving and improving. Vari-ous types of dosage forms (tablets, capsules, suppositories, etc.) are available in the market for managing ulcerative colitis, with the primary goal of achieving and maintaining clinical and endoscopic remission of the disease. Ensuring a high level of patient compliance is crucial when considering the formulation of these dosage forms.

This review article seeks to offer a comprehensive understanding of ulcerative colitis while highlighting the existing treatment options on various available dosage forms.
The Severity of COVID-19 in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient
Authors: Danao Kishor R. , Rokde Vijayshri V. , Mahajan Ujwala N.
Published: December 2024

As of early October 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, resulted in approximately 35 million cases and one million fatalities worldwide. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease marked by the generation of pathogenic autoantibodies and a lack of tolerance to nuclear self-antigens. Hypocomple-mentemia, or an abnormal blood complement deficit, is a reliable predictor of infection in SLE patients. Moreover, it has been found that immunoglobulin (Ig), particularly IgG and IgM, is lowered in SLE patients, which may be a factor in their heightened susceptibility to infection. Bloodstream autoantibodies, lymphopenia, aberrant T cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and impaired regulatory systems all lead to an immune response that is aberrant in lupus patients. SLE patients exhibit impaired CD8 T cell responses, including abnormal phagocytosis and chemotaxis. Recent study has shown that COVID-19 infections significantly boost type I inter-feron responses. Patients with SLE and Covid-19 infection typically get immune-suppressing drugs viz corticosteroids, Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK), and tocilizumab, which improve their immune systems and diminution susceptible to Covid-19 infections.
Therapeutic Potential of Emodin: A Mini-Review of Its Anti-Biofilm and Antimicrobial Effects
Authors: Teymouri Samane , Pourhajibagher Maryam , Bahador Abbas
Published: December 2024

The resistance of biofilms to antimicrobial agents presents numerous challenges. The formation of biofilms leads to enhanced resistance to adverse environmental condi-tions, as well as to antimicrobial agents. Natural compounds have been of interest as po-tential therapeutic agents. Emodin, a natural anthraquinone compound, has recently at-tracted attention for its potential as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent. This ability could potentially help combat biofilm-associated infections and enhance the effectiveness of an-timicrobial therapies. This review was carried out to evaluate the effects of emodin on mi-crobial biofilms, determine its effectiveness in inhibiting and reducing biofilm formation, eradicate biofilms, and examine its antimicrobial effects. Our study shows that the use of emodin as an additional therapeutic agent in combating microbial biofilms holds consider-able promise. As researchers continue to investigate how emodin interacts with microbial biofilms, there is excitement about the potential applications of this natural compound in addressing biofilm-related issues. However, it is suggested to pay more attention to evalu-ating the effects of emodin on microbial biofilms in future studies.
Black Carbon Nanoparticles in Atmospheric Aerosols: Update on Functional Groups
Authors: Thirugnanasambandan Theivasanthi , Sankar Balaguru Venkatesh , Iswarya S. , Gopinath Subash C.B.
Published: December 2024

Aerosols are fine particles in the atmosphere produced by nature or man-made like fog,
forest exudates, industrial emissions, biomass burning, and dust. Aerosols can change the earth's
climate, and the formation of clouds, and may reduce the rain as they circulate in the atmosphere.
Black carbon, also called soot is the dominant form of particles in the atmosphere which absorb
light. They are fine particles and are smaller than dust and mold particles. Poly-aromatic hydrocarbons
in soot particles result in substantial health complications even at small concentrations. Atmospheric
pollution is an interesting subject as it is related to the problem of global warming. Particularly
carbon aerosols can decide the condition of climate since the oxidation of these particles will result
in the toxicity of atmospheric particulates. The processes involved in the atmosphere can be
predicted through the analysis of these aerosols. Black carbon absorbs light of short wavelengths,
and it enters into the stratosphere which causes climate change. The properties of black carbon obtained
from various measurements provide information about the atmosphere's constituents. Raman
spectroscopy is widely used for the identification of functional groups of atmospheric aerosols. The
formation and properties of carbon aerosols obtained through these techniques will be used to explain
the oxidation and particle-phase reactions of carbon aerosols. Carbon aerosols affect human
health because of various factors such as chemical aging. In this review article, carbon nanoparticles
present in the atmosphere, the analysis of those particles using Raman spectroscopy, and their implications
on human health as well as climate change are discussed through various reports.
IN MEMORY OF BORIS VITALIEVICH STRADOMSKY (ON THE 65TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH)
Authors: Safronenko A. V. , Saenko N. Yu. , Zemlyakova V. P.
Published: December 2024

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Palliative status of patients with chronic heart failure: relationship with body composition parameters, clinical and laboratory parameters
Authors: Shevtsova V. I. , Pashkova A. A. , Krasnoruckaya O. N.
Published: December 2024

Objective: to determine the relationship between parameters body composition, clinical status, laboratory parameters and severity of painful symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure.

Materials and methods: the study involved 298 patients with CHF. The body composition was assessed: the presence of sarcopenia and obesity (with the calculation of the muscle mass index IMM/BMI), functional class, left ventricular ejection fraction, markers galectin-3, hsСRP, Na-proBNP, Bartel index. A 10-point Edmont scale was used to assess the severity of painful symptoms. A factor analysis was performed, as well as a Pearson correlation analysis.

Results: the study revealed 5 components: A factor of adequacy of muscle functions, a factor of systolic dysfunction, a factor of impaired functional status, a factor of functional activity, and an age factor. The conducted correlation analysis showed the presence of links between the components and the severity of painful symptoms of moderate and mild severity.

Conclusion: the body composition of patients is associated with the severity of painful symptoms in patients with CHF who need palliative care. It is necessary to take into account body composition when developing algorithms for managing patients with CHF at the stage of palliative care.
Morphological characteristics of the lungs in COVID-19 patients with diseases of the blood system
Authors: Nevzorova V. A. , Tal'ko A. V. , Kotsyurbiy E. A. , Parinov V. Yu. , Putiy Z. E.
Published: December 2024

Aim: To study the variants of morphological changes in the lung using material from pathological autopsies of patients with blood diseases who died of COVID-19.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective morphological analysis of histological preparations of lung tissue was performed in a cohort of patients with blood diseases, using standard histological staining with haematoxylin and eosin and assessment of the state of alveolocytes of type 1 and 2, Mallory and Van Gieson staining to assess the state of connective tissue. The leukocyte profile of the lung tissue was studied by immunohistochemical analysis using antibodies of differentiation clones (CD) 4, 8, 20, 34 and collagen type IV.

Results: 22 fatal cases of patients with blood diseases who died of COVID-19 were analysed (13 men and 9 women); the mean age was 63 years. The selected cohort included non-neoplastic (myelodysplastic syndrome with multilineage dysplasia) and neoplastic blood disorders (chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, acute myeloid leukaemia, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, multiple myeloma). Morphometric analysis revealed certain differences in the condition of the lung tissue. In the group with myelodysplasia, the morphological picture of lung tissue damage in COVID-19 is characterised by the destruction of alveolar tissue, the presence of single alveolocytes and the absence of neutrophils and macrophages. In chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, a disruption in the formation of hyaline membranes and the development of mycetomas, the appearance of lymphocytes of different sizes were observed. In lymphoma, the development of thrombus formation was observed against a background of decollagenisation of the vessel wall. In multiple myeloma, multinucleated alveolocytes formed as a result of viral metamorphosis were seen. In untreated patients, blasts were detected at the onset of acute myeloid leukaemia. Despite the diversity of the cohort, the immune response showed a universal response in the form of disappearance of CD4 and expression of CD8 and CD34 leukocytes in all cases considered. An individual feature in multiple myeloma was the positive expression of CD20+ leukocytes in lung tissue.

Conclusions: Lung damage in COVID-19 is characterised by differences in the state of the morphological picture depending on the oncohematological disease and the universality of the immune response, with a difference in patients with multiple myeloma in the form of increased expression of CD20+, probably due to the pathogenesis of myeloma and the accumulation of pathological clones of leukocytes.
Results of regional care for patients with cirrhosis of the liver in the outcome of viral hepatitis C in the era of direct-acting antiviral drugs
Authors: Pak E. S. , Korobka R. V. , Pasechnikov V. D. , Kostrykin M. Yu. , Bukhtin O. V. , Mikutin A. V. , Shapovalov A. M. , Lageza A. B. , Novikova G. V. , Pasechnikov D. V. , Agabekyan V. S.
Published: December 2024

Objective: to assess the effect of antiviral therapy on the clinical course and survival in patients with cirrhosis of the liver in the outcome of chronic viral hepatitis C.

Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of the medical histories of 325 patients with cirrhosis of the liver in the outcome of chronic viral hepatitis C, who were on the waiting list for liver transplantation from 2014 to 2024. The patients were divided into 2 groups: patients who received antiviral therapy (n=273), and patients who did not receive antiviral therapy (n=52).

Results: in the group of patients who received antiviral therapy, 219 (80.2%) patients were alive at the time of the diagnosis, including 57 (20.8%) people achieved liver function compensation and were excluded from the waiting list for liver transplantation; 42 (15.3%) patients underwent liver transplantation. The dynamics of clinical and laboratory indicators in patients from this group improved. In the group of patients who did not receive antiviral therapy, 2 (3.8%) patients were alive at the time of the examination, none of the patients had achieved liver function recompensation. The dynamics of clinical and laboratory indicators in patients of this group worsened.

Conclusion: antiviral therapy has a positive effect on the survival of patients with cirrhosis of the liver in the outcome of chronic viral hepatitis C, as well as on the clinical course and laboratory parameters, which necessitates the earliest possible implementation of this therapy. Clinical and laboratory monitoring of these patients is also needed to prevent re-infection with viral hepatitis C, early detection of decompensation of liver function, and the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Comparative assessment of adherence in pregnant and non-pregnant women of reproductive age
Authors: Kudryashov E. A. , Zabolotskikh T. B. , Skibitsky V. V. , Sukhomlinova K. S. , Gopkalo P. S. , Kudryashova Yu. A.
Published: December 2024

Objective: to conduct a comparative assessment of adherence to the treatment of pregnant and non-pregnant reproductive age.

Material and methods: 115 women (60 pregnant and 55 non-pregnant) of reproductive age from 18 to 49 years old were examined. All patients completed an online electronic questionnaire of quantitative adherence to treatment with further automatic calculation of results and issuance of a conclusion. The prognosis of adherence to lifestyle modification (LSM), adherence to medical support (MS), adherence to drug therapy (DT), total adherence to treatment (TAT) was assessed depending on age, education, labor status, bad habits, the number of births, the presence of hypertension (AH), obesity, extragenital pathology. Adherence was assessed as low in terms of < 50%, mean 50–75%, and high > 75%.

Results: adherence to LSM in pregnant women corresponded to a mean level, and non-pregnant to a low level. Low adherence to LSM was found in 33.3% of pregnant and 58.2% of non-pregnant women. TAT values in both groups were in the range of mean adherence, but were higher in pregnant women. In the structure of TAT in pregnant women, unlike non-pregnant women, there was a lower level (21.7% versus 38.2%) and more often a high level (28.3% versus 10.9%). The adherence values of MS and DT and the level distribution did not differ between the groups. In the pregnant group, patients with secondary education and who did not drink alcohol demonstrated a high level of adherence to MS. In the non-pregnant group, only DT adheres to women with secondary education and no smoking were committed compared to smokers and patients with higher education.

Conclusion: the current method of determining adherence to treatment is the electronic questionnaire. Adherence to LSM and TAT was significantly higher in pregnant women and corresponded to the mean level, adherence rates to MS and DT did not differ between groups and were also at the mean level. In all examined women, there was no relationship between adherence to LSM, TAT, MS, DT and the studied de facto frames: age, number of births, labor status, presence of AH, obesity. More committed to treatment were pregnant and non-pregnant women with secondary education and no “bad” habits.
Farmer Stress & Coping: Qualitative Study from Hawaiʻi
Authors: Le Thao N. , Brown Emma L.
Published: December 2024

This qualitative study explores the mental health challenges faced by Hawaiʻi farmers and allied agricultural producers, focusing on the main stressors they encountered and the coping mechanisms they employed. Through interviews with 77 farmers across all four counties, data revealed that significant stressors for Hawaiʻi farmers were legislative and policy issues, financial and economic concerns, as well as pests and diseases. Farmers employed various coping strategies to mitigate stress, primarily along the lines of behavioral, relational, and emotion-focused coping, as well as an orientation toward spirituality and engaging in philosophical perspectives. The data also revealed a communal “we” mind-state from a linguistic analysis that was important to well-being. Collectively, the findings point to the continual need for programs and services that enhance the well-being of farmers in Hawaiʻi and beyond, and emphasize the need for more holistic, integrated, and culturally grounded approaches that foster social connection.
Evaluation of Comparative Efficacy of Polyherbal Steam Inhalation Versus Polyherbal Nasal Fumigation (Dhoopana) in Children With Rhinitis (Pratishyaya): Protocol for an Open-Label Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kakar Monika , Rathi Renu , Balakrishnan Deepthi , Rathi Bharat
Published: December 2024

Background

Rhinitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa. It causes obstruction and congestion in the nasal cavity. Clinically, it resembles pratishyaya (rhinitis) in Ayurveda, which is caused by accumulation and downward movement of the tridoshas (3 elements, named vata, pitta, and kapha) in the nasal cavity. Rhinitis is one of the most common diseases among children. There is no role for antibiotics in rhinitis, and nasal decongestants have also not been found to be effective in its management. In Ayurveda, dhoopana (nasal fumigation) is mentioned in the pratishyaya treatment protocol. However, we have found no previous study regarding its efficacy. The efficacy of tulsi, vasa, nirgundi, and nilgiri is already proven when they are used for steam inhalation in respiratory tract infections. Therefore, in this study, a dhoopana of a polyherbal formulation containing tulsi, vasa, nirgundi, and nilgiri will be compared with the inhalation of steam containing arka (a liquid obtained by distillation) of tulsi, vasa, nirgundi, and nilgiri leaves in children with pratishyaya.

Objective

We aim to evaluate the efficacy of polyherbal steam inhalation as a standard control against dhoopana in children aged 7 to 14 years with pratishyaya.

Methods

A total of 70 participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected and distributed into 2 groups of 35 each. The intervention group received dhoopana and the control group received polyherbal steam inhalation, both twice daily for 7 days. The primary outcome measure was the change in Total Nasal Symptom Score and a modified cold spatula test. At the same time, the association between prakriti (body constitution) and the prevalence of pratishyaya in children was analyzed as a secondary outcome. Assessments were performed on days 3, 5, and 7, with a follow-up time of 28 days. Appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics will be used for data analysis.

Results

As of November 2024, we have completed our enrollment of 70 patients, with 35 patients in each group. Data analysis will be completed by February 2025, and we expect results to be published in March 2025.

Conclusions

We anticipate that polyherbal nasal fumigation will be found to be equally as effective as polyherbal steam inhalation in the management of acute rhinitis in the pediatric population. This study may provide a standardized, herbal, safe, and cost-effective treatment for rhinitis in children in the form of dhoopana.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/58197
Wearable Electrocardiogram Technology: Help or Hindrance to the Modern Doctor?
Authors: Smith Samuel , Maisrikrod Shalisa
Published: December 2024

Electrocardiography is an essential tool in the arsenal of medical professionals, Traditionally, patients have been required to meet health care practitioners in person to have an electrocardiogram (ECG) recorded and interpreted. This may result in paroxysmal arrhythmias being missed, as well as decreased patient convenience, and thus reduced uptake. The advent of wearable ECG devices built into consumer smartwatches has allowed unparalleled access to ECG monitoring for patients. Not only are these modern devices more portable than traditional Holter monitors, but with the addition of artificial intelligence (AI)-led rhythm interpretation, diagnostic accuracy is improved greatly when compared with conventional ECG-machine interpretation. The improved wearability may also translate into increased rates of detected arrhythmias. Despite the many positives, wearable ECG technology brings with it its own challenges. Diagnostic accuracy, managing patient expectations and limitations, and incorporating home ECG monitoring into clinical guidelines have all arisen as challenges for the modern clinician. Decentralized monitoring and patient alerts to supposed arrhythmias have the potential to increase patient anxiety and health care visitations (and therefore costs). To better obtain meaningful data from these devices, provide optimal patient care, and provide meaningful explanations to patients, providers need to understand the basic sciences underpinning these devices, how these relate to the surface ECG, and the implications in diagnostic accuracy. This review article examines the underlying physiological principles of electrocardiography, as well as examines how wearable ECGs have changed the clinical landscape today, where their limitations lie, and what clinicians can expect in the future with their increasing use.
Machine Learning and Deep Learning for Diagnosis of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Chen Ruiyuan , Fan Ning , Zang Lei , Yuan Shuo , Du Peng , Wu Qichao , Wang Aobo , Li Jian , Kong Xiaochuan , Zhu Wenyi
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a major cause of pain and disability in older individuals worldwide. Although increasing studies of traditional machine learning (TML) and deep learning (DL) were conducted in the field of diagnosing LSS and gained prominent results, the performance of these models has not been analyzed systematically.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to pool the results and evaluate the heterogeneity of the current studies in using TML or DL models to diagnose LSS, thereby providing more comprehensive information for further clinical application.

METHODS

This review was performed under the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using articles extracted from PubMed, Embase databases, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies that evaluated DL or TML algorithms assessment value on diagnosing LSS were included, while those with duplicated or unavailable data were excluded. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 was used to estimate the risk of bias in each study. The MIDAS module and the METAPROP module of Stata (StataCorp) were used for data synthesis and statistical analyses.

RESULTS

A total of 12 studies with 15,044 patients reported the assessment value of TML or DL models for diagnosing LSS. The risk of bias assessment yielded 4 studies with high risk of bias, 3 with unclear risk of bias, and 5 with completely low risk of bias. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.82-0.86; I2=99.06%) and 0.87 (95% CI 0.84-0.90; I2=98.7%), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 36 (95% CI 26-49), the positive likelihood ratio (LR+) was 6.6 (95% CI 5.1-8.4), and the negative likelihood ratio (LR–) was 0.18 (95% CI 0.16-0.21). The summary receiver operating characteristic curves, the area under the curve of TML or DL models for diagnosing LSS of 0.92 (95% CI 0.89-0.94), indicating a high diagnostic value.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review and meta-analysis emphasize that despite the generally satisfactory diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence systems in the experimental stage for the diagnosis of LSS, none of them is reliable and practical enough to apply in real clinical practice. Further efforts, including optimization of model balance, widely accepted objective reference standards, multimodal strategy, large dataset for training and testing, external validation, and sufficient and scientific report, should be made to bridge the distance between current TML or DL models and real-life clinical applications in future studies.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42024566535; https://tinyurl.com/msx59x8k
Use of Clinical Public Databases in Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Xu , Guo Linghong , Jiang Xian
Published: December 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

In this viewpoint, we argue that recent studies using clinical public databases have revolutionized our understanding of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), a chronic inflammatory skin condition with significant impacts on patients’ quality of life. Our key messages are as follows: (1) these databases enable large-scale studies integrating genetic, epidemiological, and clinical data, providing crucial insights into HS’s genetic predispositions, comorbidities, and treatment outcomes; (2) findings highlight a strong genetic component, with mutations in the γ-secretase complex playing a key role in HS pathogenesis and shaping targeted therapies; (3) studies also reveal elevated risks for comorbidities like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and systemic inflammation in patients with HS, with diet-driven inflammatory pathways potentially exacerbating disease severity; (4) while these databases offer unprecedented research opportunities, limitations such as data representativeness and quality must be considered; (5) nonetheless, their benefits outweigh potential drawbacks, allowing the identification of rare comorbidities, disease progression patterns, and personalized treatment strategies; and (6) increased funding for HS research is crucial to harness these databases’ full potential, develop targeted therapies, and ultimately improve patient outcomes. As HS’s impact is disproportionate to current research investments, we believe advocating for more resources and addressing database limitations will be key to advancing HS understanding and care.
Herbal medicine vs. cervical cancer screening: Comparing themes between English and Korean YouTube comments on cervical cancer (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Hye-Sun , Hong Gyeong-u , Suh Mina , Lee Hyeon Ji , Oh Kyounghee , Jeong Wonjeong , Jun Jae Kwan
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Health information and communication could be crucial global strategies to accelerate cervical cancer elimination because reliable and helpful health information on cervical cancer can support health decision-making. Online video platforms, such as YouTube, are comparatively new health information sources in contemporary society and can promptly convey online health information through videos and comments. However, there is a research gap regarding health information within comments, which is another way of conveying health information on YouTube platforms.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the health information landscape of comments on YouTube videos on cervical cancer. Furthermore, the frequent expressions and dominant themes in English and Korean comments were compared using natural language processing.

METHODS

We used natural language processing based on bigrams to examine the frequent bigrams and themes in comments on YouTube videos of patients with cervical cancer. This study identified 123 videos (English: n = 61, Korean: n = 62) on cervical cancer with high relevance in YouTube. It included 3,121 comments (1,732 in English and 1,389 in Korean), with 20,141 bigrams (consecutive word pairs) (8,891 in English and 11,250 in Korean) after pre-processing and tokenization. This study found seven themes in the English comments and ten in the Korean comments by applying the walktrap algorithm for community detection.

RESULTS

The results revealed that frequent bigrams and dominant themes differed between the English and Korean comments on YouTube videos on cervical cancer. The most frequent bigram in English comments was "herb(al)-medicine," while in Korean comments, it was “cervical cancer-screening.” Four of the seven themes in the English comments were related to promoting doctors' offices or YouTube channels, whereas the dominant theme in the Korean comments were concerns and questions about cervical cancer.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provided evidence by comparing the results between English and Korean comments to overcome the Tower of Babel bias in infodemiology. Furthermore, it attempted to make a feasible multilanguage comparison of natural language processing for health communication research. As a source of health or cancer information, YouTube comments have characteristics multilingual, multicultural, and international. Therefore, language comparison using natural language processing could be a novel way to examine the infodemiology within YouTube comments.
How engagement with an online health community can influence self-management behavior: insights from a qualitative analysis of a UK asthma online community using Behavior Change Techniques taxonomy (Preprint)
Authors: Dhir Vinesh Kumar , Wood Helen E , Li Xiancheng , Karampatakis Georgios Dimitrios , De Simoni Anna
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Patients with long-term conditions take part in online health communities (OHCs) for advice and guidance from peers. Engagement with OHCs may prompt changes in self-management behavior. Limited information exists on determinants of behavioral change resulting from engagement with an OHC.

OBJECTIVE

To understand factors that might prompt behavior change in an asthma OHC.

METHODS

Qualitative analysis of posts written between December 2022 and August 2023 in the asthma OHC of the Asthma + Lung UK (ALUK) charity.
The search term 'helped' was used in the Google search engine to highlight relevant posts and threads. Two researchers identified posts displaying intention to change and/or actual change of behavior and classified them according to the behavioral change outcomes. Subsequently, all posts prompting intentional/actual behavior change were classified using Michie’s Behavior Change Technique (BCT) Taxonomy.

RESULTS

Thirty-five threads were identified, with 703 posts contributed from 200 users. Users’ characteristics were mostly hidden. Seventeen (48.6%) of these threads included posts where the users who started the thread went back to it to describe their behavior change as result of engaging with the OHC. These included: contacting primary care services; trying out other users’ recommendations; consulting a healthcare professional to change medication; and purchasing equipment.
Fifty-two distinct posts (out of a total of 362 posts) by 32 users were identified as prompting such behavior change, through 12 BCTs. Common BCTs employed by users were: ‘Demonstration of behavior’ (n=30), ‘Action planning’ (n = 26), ‘Instruction on how to perform the behavior’ (n=17), ‘Adding objects to the environment’ (n=15), and ‘Pharmacological support’ (n= 10). All threads where behavior change was prompted included 2 or more BCTs. Eighteen of the 200 users were very active (i.e., superusers), contributing at least 10 posts during the 9-month period of the study. 9/18 superusers were among the 32 users who prompted actual behavior change or intention to change behavior.

CONCLUSIONS

Engagement with an OHC can influence the self-management behavior of patients with long-term conditions. Recognized BCTs frequently underpinned self-management behavior change.
Climate Change Adaptation in Batang Hari, Jambi: A Case Study of Rainfed Paddy Farmers
Authors: Nasution Mulia , Purnama Setyawan , Sekaranom Andung Bayu
Published: December 2024

Batang Hari is situated as one of the central rice-producing regencies within Jambi Province. However, the agricultural sector in Batang Hari is severely impacted by climate change in the context of productivity. This study aimed to examine rainfall and temperature trends over the last 20 years (2002 to 2021), assess farmers' perceptions, and identify the current adaptation measures due to the impact of climate change on rainfed paddy fields. This study is of great importance because it employs a holistic approach, integrating quantitative data on climate trends with qualitative insights from farmers. The results showed that rainfall decreased by 20–50 mm/month, and the average temperature increased by 0.4°C in 20 years. The qualitative data on farmers' perceived impact of changes in climate variability reported an agreement with climatological data. The farmers  perceived a decrease in rainfall and a concurrent rise in temperatures. Furthermore, a delayed onset of the rainy season was noted, leading to an adjustment of their planting schedules. Certain adaptation measures to adjust to the perceived impact of changes in climate variability on their rainfed paddy fields were also implemented. These measures included crop management as well as socio-economic adaptation.  Farmers' adaptation measures included modifying crop varieties, adjusting planting seasons, adopting agricultural machinery, and diversifying income through off-farm activities. It is also important to emphasize technological based adaptation to enhance climate resilience, as well as sustainable land management practices, agroforestry initiatives, and soil conservation efforts for long-term agricultural sustainability.
Predictive Modelling for Air Quality: A Multi-Model Regression Approach
Authors: S M Dr. Benakappa
Published: December 2024

Air pollution poses a significant threat, necessitating reliable predictive models for effective air quality management.
This study employs a multi-model regression approach for AQI prediction using techniques like Extra Trees Regressor, SVR,
LightGBM, and CatBoost. Real-time datasets from CPCB, combined with meteorological and pollutant data, are pre-processed
to handle missing values, outliers, and imbalances. Feature selection enhances accuracy by focusing on significant variables.
The performance evaluation of the models revealed that the ExtraTrees Regressor was the best performer, achieving the highest
R² score of 0.8660 and the lowest RMSE of 56.98. These results highlight ExtraTrees Regressor’s superior ability to explain AQI
variance and minimize prediction errors, making it the most effective model for AQI forecasting in this study. Visualization
techniques compare model outcomes, while distributed computing ensures real-time AQI forecasting, supporting sustainable
urban air quality strategies.
Relationship among major satisfaction, academic achievement, and clinical performance of Nursing Students at a College of Nursing
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Han Jeonghwa
Published: December 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of major satisfaction, maturation of career consciousness and clinical practice satisfaction of nursing college students on job-seeking stress.
Methods For this study, from Oct to Nov 2022, 157 3th, 4th grade students were participated from K University in K Province, using a self-reported questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0. program.
Results As a result of this study, it was revealed that there was a significant correlation between the job-seeking stress of nursing students on major satisfaction(r=-.270, p<.001), clinical practice satisfaction(r=-.283 p<.001), maturation of career consciousness(r=-.424, p<.001). Also, the factors affecting the job-seeking stress of nursing students were major satisfaction(β=-0.005, p<.05), clinical practice satisfaction(β=-0.126, p<.001), maturation of career consciousness(β=-0.369, p<.001) with a total explanatory power of 17.7%.
Conclusions To improve department-level efforts are needed to increase satisfaction and academic achievement of the nursing major through various education and practice programs. There is a need to increase satisfaction and confidence in practical training to improve clinical performance.
The Moderating Effect of Social Spport in the Relationship Between High School Students’ Self-Efficacy and School Life Adjustment
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kwon Mi young , Choi Bo Young
Published: December 2024

Objectives In this study, we sought to verify the moderating effect of social support in the relationship between high school students' self-efficacy and school life adjustment.
Methods To this end, an online survey was conducted among high school students nationwide, consisting of measures of self-efficacy, school adjustment, and social support. In order to analyze the data of a total of 400 patients, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, and pearson correlation analysis were performed using the Window SPSS 26.0 statistical program, and the adjustment effect was verified by hierarchical regression analysis.
Results First, there was a positive correlation between self-efficacy, social support, and school life adjustment, and a significant static correlation between social support and school life adjustment was also found. Second, social support had a moderating effect on the relationship between self-efficacy and school life adjustment.
Conclusions This suggests that self-efficacy can have a positive impact on a high school student's adaptation to school life if support is provided to protect them from friends, romantic partners, or family members who prefer the adaptation to school life. Based on these research results, the significance, limitations, and suggestions of this study were discussed.