bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visible feature engineering to detect fraud in black and red peppers
Authors: Nargesi Mohammad Hossein , Kheiralipour Kamran
Published: October 2024

Visible imaging is a fast, cheap, and accurate technique in the assessment of food quality and safety. The technique was used in the present research to detect sea foam adulterant levels in black and red peppers. The fraud levels included 0, 5, 15, 30, and 50%. Sample preparation, image acquisition and preprocessing, and feature engineering (feature extraction, selection, and classification) were the conducted steps in the present research. The efficient features were classified using artificial neural networks and support vector machine methods. The classifiers were evaluated using the specificity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy metrics. The artificial neural networks had better results than the support vector machine method for the classification of different adulterant levels in black pepper with the metrics’ values of 98.89, 95.67, 95.56, and 98.22%, respectively. Reversely, the support vector machine method had higher metrics’ values (99.46, 98.00, 97.78, and 99.11%, respectively) for red pepper. The results showed the ability of visible imaging and machine learning methods to detect fraud levels in black and red pepper.
Prognostic potential of standard laboratory parameters in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer receiving first-line immunotherapy
Authors: Buerk Bjoern Thorben , Kusiek Cathrin , Schüttke Vayda , Sondermann Marcus , Yakac Abdulbaki , Abbate Elena , Fuessel Susanne , Thomas Christian , Erdmann Kati
Published: October 2024

Through their involvement in cancer metabolism, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) reflect the tumor burden and thus could have a prognostic potential for patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI). Therefore, this study investigated the prognostic potential of these parameters in a real-world cohort of patients with metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) under first-line CPI-based therapy. The retrospective study cohort included 82 mRCC patients treated with CPI-based first-line therapy between 2019 and 2023. Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and response rates were evaluated according to baseline levels and early dynamic changes of ALAT, ASAT, GGT and LDH. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were generated to identify independent prognosticators for PFS and OS. High baseline levels and non-normalized kinetics of ALAT, ASAT, GGT and LDH were significantly associated with shorter PFS and OS (p < 0.05), which was also reflected by lower response rates. Combining the four parameters at baseline into a 4-Risk-Score resulted in an enhanced prognostic power, as indicated by a higher C-index of 0.693 for OS compared to the individual parameters (≤ 0.663). Patients with all four risk factors present showed the worst PFS and OS. Overall, baseline levels and early kinetics of the four parameters as well as the 4-Risk-Score were identified as independent prognosticators for PFS and OS by multivariate analysis. As standard laboratory parameters, ALAT, ASAT, GGT and LDH are cost-effective and could be easily used either alone or in combination for therapy monitoring of CPI-treated mRCC patients.
Applying quantum approximate optimization to the heterogeneous vehicle routing problem
Authors: Fitzek David , Ghandriz Toheed , Laine Leo , Granath Mats , Kockum Anton Frisk
Published: October 2024

Quantum computing offers new heuristics for combinatorial problems. With small- and intermediate-scale quantum devices becoming available, it is possible to implement and test these heuristics on small-size problems. A candidate for such combinatorial problems is the heterogeneous vehicle routing problem (HVRP): the problem of finding the optimal set of routes, given a heterogeneous fleet of vehicles with varying loading capacities, to deliver goods to a given set of customers. In this work, we investigate the potential use of a quantum computer to find approximate solutions to the HVRP using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). For this purpose we formulate a mapping of the HVRP to an Ising Hamiltonian and simulate the algorithm on problem instances of up to 21 qubits. We show that the number of qubits needed for this mapping scales quadratically with the number of customers. We compare the performance of different classical optimizers in the QAOA for varying problem size of the HVRP, finding a trade-off between optimizer performance and runtime.
Serum laminin γ2 monomer as a predictive biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nio Kouki , Shimakami Tetsuro , Terashima Takeshi , Yanagi Masahiro , Toyama Tadashi , Koshikawa Naohiko , Nakagawa Masatoshi , Yoshida Eisaku , Yoshimura Toru , Seiki Motoharu , Honda Masao , Yamashita Taro
Published: October 2024

This retrospective study evaluated the use of laminin γ2 monomer (LG2m) as a predictive biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Serum LG2m levels were measured in two cohorts of patients: cohort 1 comprised 56 patients with chronic liver disease for assessing LG2m stability, whereas cohort 2 included 89 patients with chronic HBV infection who did not have HCC for evaluating the usefulness of LG2m measurement in HCC prediction. LG2m was highly stable in cryopreserved serum, and an increased LG2m level was significantly associated with a higher risk of HCC in chronically HBV-infected patients (P = 0.012). Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that high LG2m was an independent significant risk factor for HCC (hazard ratio, 7.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–39.2; P = 0.023). These findings suggest that LG2m may serve as a useful biomarker for the prediction of future HCC in patients with chronic HBV infection.
A microscale soft lithium-ion battery for tissue stimulation
Authors: Zhang Yujia , Sun Tianyi , Yang Xingyun , Zhou Linna , Tan Cheryl M. J. , Lei Ming , Bayley Hagan
Published: October 2024

Advances in the development of tiny devices with sizes below a few cubic millimeters require a corresponding decrease in the volume of driving power sources. To be minimally invasive, prospective power sources in biomedical devices must be fabricated from soft materials. Previous endeavors with droplet-based devices have produced promising miniature power sources; however, a droplet-based rechargeable battery has remained out of reach. Here we report a microscale soft flexible lithium-ion droplet battery (LiDB) based on the lipid-supported assembly of droplets constructed from a biocompatible silk hydrogel. Capabilities such as triggerable activation, biocompatibility and biodegradability and high capacity are demonstrated. We have used the LiDB to power the electrophoretic translocation of charged molecules between synthetic cells and to mediate the defibrillation and pacing of ex vivo mouse hearts. By the inclusion of magnetic particles to enable propulsion, the LiDB can function as a mobile energy courier. Our tiny versatile battery will thereby enable a variety of biomedical applications.
Novel Nanotherapies for the Treatment of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Brassington Kurt , Lye Yi Ee , Bobik Alex , Kyaw Tin
Published: October 2024

Coronary atherosclerosis is the primary cause of myocardial infarction, the leading cause of death globally. The emergence of nanomedicines has revolutionised targeted therapeutics, as they offer increased efficacy, bioavailability and stability whilst limiting off-target adverse effects, like those seen in conventional treatments. Recent advances in this field have led to the development of nanomedicines in atherosclerosis, which have the potential to reduce the instance and severity of life-threatening atherosclerosis-associated complications, including heart attack. In this chapter, we will review the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and its key contributing factors, as well as discuss current developments in the field of coronary atherosclerosis.
Hypervalent iodine catalysis enabled iterative multi-fluorination: not just a simple alternative for the electrochemical approach
Authors: Ding Cheng-Lin , Li Hechen , Zhong Yi , Lin Yuqi , Ye Ke-Yin
Published: October 2024

A hypervalent iodine catalyzes selective multi-fluorination is developed with the fluorination degree controlled by the delicate balance between the HF/amine ratios.
Tungsten oxide-based electrocatalysts for energy conversion
Authors: Xu Hui , Xu Zhili , Wang Kun , Jin Lei , Liu Yang , Chen Jie , Li Le
Published: October 2024

This review reports a summary of the recent progress in WOx-based catalyst for electrocatalytic reactions, emphasizing their crucial roles as active species, electron-transfer and hydrogen spillover carriers, and microenvironment regulators.
A flexible plasmonic substrate for sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based detection of fentanyl
Authors: Hsu Yun-Tzu , Lin Shih-Han , Liu Keng-Ku
Published: October 2024

In this work, we report a flexible plasmonic substrate for sensitive SERS-based detection of fentanyl.
Mechanisms and origins of stereoselectivity in the NHC-catalyzed oxidative reaction of enals and pyrroles: a density functional theory study
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Mingchao , Zhang Zhiqiang
Published: October 2024

The mechanism, and chemo- and stereoselectivity in the NHC-catalyzed oxidative reaction of enals and pyrroles.
Charge target collection from different triboelectrification domains by electrostatic induction and polarization enabled air discharges
Authors: Li Kaixian , Gong Siqi , Fu Shaoke , Guo Hengyu , Shan Chuncai , Wu Huiyuan , Wang Jian , Xu Shuyan , Li Gui , Zhao Qionghua , Wang Xue , Hu Chenguo
Published: October 2024

New channels of dynamic dielectric polarization enabled discharges (DPD) are proposed and combined with electrostatic induction enabled discharges (EID) to achieve charge target collection from different triboelectrification domains.
Metal ion cofactors modulate integral enzyme activity by varying differential membrane curvature stress
Authors: Piller Paulina , Reiterer Paul , Semeraro Enrico F. , Pabst Georg
Published: October 2024

Metal ion cofactors not only stabilize the conformation of membrane proteins but also modulate their function by inducing ion-mediated changes in the intrinsic curvature of the surrounding lipids.
RuC nanosheet as a promising biosensing material for detecting the aromatic amino acids: a DFT study
Authors: Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Ahmed Nada K. M. , Mahmoud Amna H. M. , El-Tayeb Mohamed A. , Abdelbacki Ashraf M. M. , Khan Shahzeb , Soliman Mahmoud E. S. , Shoeib Tamer
Published: October 2024

The potential of the RuC nanosheet as a biosensor towards the aromatic amino acids (AAA; tryptophan (TRP), histidine (HIS), tyrosine (TYR), and phenylalanine (PHE)) was assessed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Polymer-confined synthesis of gram-scale high-entropy perovskite fluoride nanocubes for improved electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia
Authors: Xue Guohao , Wang Tianlu , Guo Hele , Zhang Nan , Carmalt Claire J. , Hofkens Johan , Lai Feili , Liu Tianxi
Published: October 2024

A high-entropy perovskite fluoride with a well-defined nanocubic structure was successfully prepared via a polyvinylpyrrolidone-confined nucleation strategy, demonstrating excellent electrocatalytic activity for nitrate reduction.
Minimizing defect states through multidentate coordination and morphology regulation for enhancing the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells
Authors: Baishya Himangshu , Patel Mayur Jagdishbhai , Das Adhikari Ramkrishna , Yadav Deepak , Iyer Parameswar Krishnan
Published: October 2024

The interaction between CO and Pb2+ regulated grain growth, enhanced crystallinity that effectively passivated non-radiative recombination centres and CF3 group stabilizes the perovskite structure by interacting with FA and Pb cationic defects.
Synergistic antimicrobial nanofiber membranes based on metal incorporated silica nanoparticles as advanced antimicrobial layers
Authors: Yapa Piumika , Munaweera Imalka , Weerasekera Manjula M. , Weerasinghe Laksiri
Published: October 2024

The self-sterilizing nanofibrous membrane combined with metallic silica nanoparticles that exhibits synergistic activity as a promising antimicrobial layer.
Chalcophosphate metasurfaces with multipolar resonances and electro-optic tuning
Authors: Babicheva Viktoriia E. , Rumi Mariacristina
Published: October 2024

Chalcophosphate metasurfaces exhibit a significant electro-optic shift in multipolar resonances due to large electric-field-induced refractive index changes, obtainable with in-plane or out-of-plane biasing.
Opportunities and challenges of lead-free metal halide perovskites for luminescence
Authors: Tan Run , Liu Zhenyu , Zang Zhigang , Zhao Shuangyi
Published: October 2024

In this review, the preparation methods of LFMHPs are analyzed and discussed. The strategies for improving the performance of white LEDs based on LFMHPs are also demonstrated. Finally, their future challenges and perspectives are explored.
Representative modeling of MXene-based hybrid nanocomposites for catalytic hydrogen evolution reactions: a comprehensive review
Authors: Kabir Latiful , Wijaya Karna , Li Jianjun , Unruangsri Junjuda , Oh Won-Chun
Published: October 2024

Hydrogen is considered not only a renewable gas but also an eco-friendly energy source for future applications, and the demand for hydrogen tends to grow increasingly.
Correction: Blood-clotting model and simulation analysis of polyvinyl alcohol–chitosan composite hemostatic materials
Authors: Zhao Yifan , Hao Junhong , Chen Zexin , Li Mengmeng , Ren Jianxun , Fu Xiaobing
Published: October 2024

Correction for ‘Blood-clotting model and simulation analysis of polyvinyl alcohol–chitosan composite hemostatic materials’ by Yifan Zhao et al., J. Mater. Chem. B, 2021, 9, 5465–5475, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1TB00159K.
On adaptive resilient secondary control for DC microgrids under false data injection attacks
Authors: Tawan Shahab , Batmani Yazdan , Shafiee Qobad , Konstantinou Charalambos
Published: October 2024

Distributed cooperative control strategies for DC microgrids have been rapidly evolving in recent years. However, introducing a cyber layer to enhance robustness, scalability, and reliability also exposes the system to potential cyber‐attacks. The damage inflicted by such attacks on the system performance can be catastrophic, reaching a point where it may devastate the system normal operation. By using model reference adaptive control (MRAC), this article proposes a resilient approach that does not require an accurate model of the system and despite the uncertainties for detecting false data injections into the reference DC voltage and simultaneously mitigating their adverse effects on the system stability and performance. The proposed technique employs an observer to detect possible false data injections in an online manner. By emulating the behavior of an ideal reference model, the MRAC ensures adaptive adjustments of the control parameters over time to mitigate the negative effects of potential attacks effectively and despite non‐idealities such as measurement noise, parameter variations, and environmental changes in DC microgrids, the MRAC effectively manages false data injection attacks. Simulation studies are conducted using diverse scenarios involving a three‐node DC microgrid to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
On the mineralogy of the Ukonik gold deposit in Transbaikalia (Russia)
Authors: Yurgenson Georgi
Published: October 2024

As a result of studying new ore samples from the Ukonik deposit, new data on the composition of pyrite was obtained, the composition of electrum was studied for the first time and plattnerite, hessite, jalpaite, silver-bearing covellite and greigite were identified, and the sequence of their formation was determined. It was determined that a significant part of the pyrite (48%) contains arsenic in the amount of 0.82 - 2.28 wt.%, which is typical for the upper parts of many gold deposits. This is also evidenced by an insignificant admixture of cobalt (0.5 – 0.55 wt.%) in only two samples. The bulk of gold in the ore is associated with electrum, containing from 41.26 to 63.11 wt.% gold. Mercury electrum was found to contain up to 3.29 wt.% Hg. For the first time in Transbaikalia, plattnerite, which usually belongs to the minerals of the supergenesis zone, has been identified and studied in the ores of the upper part of the Ukonik deposit. In this case, it is one of the last products of the evolution of the hydrothermal mineral-forming system, preceding the formation of dolomite. Hessite containing variable amounts of copper, lead and antimony was discovered for the first time. This hessite-like telluride is of interest for further research.
Machine learning in soil science for prediction and management of biological activity for sustainable land use
Authors: Kukartseva Svetlana , Evsyukov Dmitry , Orlov Vasiliy , Kukartsev Anatoly , Poddubny Andrey
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the use of machine learning methods for predicting and managing soil biological activity, which is a key aspect of sustainable land use. The development of a random forest model for predicting the Respiration parameter based on data on the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil collected in various areas of Baltimore, Maryland is shown. The model has demonstrated an accuracy of about 70%, which highlights its potential for application in the agricultural sector. The results of visualization of the distribution of actual and predicted values, as well as the analysis of prediction errors are presented. Prospects for further improvement of the model using a genetic algorithm to optimize hyperparameters and integrate additional data such as climatic conditions and historical land use data are discussed. The findings highlight the importance of using machine learning to improve agricultural production efficiency and minimize environmental impacts.
Analysis of nickel distribution in soil profiles of sod-podzolic types
Authors: Pavlov Artyom
Published: October 2024

The research is aimed at studying the peculiarities of distribution of gross nickel in genetic horizons of soil profile of sod- podzolic sandy loamy and sandy soils of agricultural land in the Ryazan region and determining the current background concentration. To solve the set objectives were laid 10 pits up to 150 cm deep in Kasimovsky, Ermishinsky, Shilovsky, Sasovsky, Klepikovsky, Kadomsky districts of the Ryazan region in the period from 2016 to 2023, analyzed the depth and features of the structure of soil layers, the influence on the conditions of nickel migration. According to the results of nickel content determination the calculation of background concentration was performed. The comparative analysis of the proposed modern regional background value with well-known values of global and domestic researchers: approximate background concentrations for the average strip of Russia, hygienic standards characterizing the approximate permissible concentration of the substance in the soil, soils of the world according to the materials of the international geochemical atlas, soils of the world according to A.P. Vinogradov, global, zonal, regional values of the background according to Y.E. Saet, data of other researchers on the Ryazan land. The structure of soil profiles of soil at a depth of 110-130 cm has the following form: O – A - EL - ELBt - Bt - BtC - C. At the same time weakly noticeable geochemical barriers are noted in horizons A and Bt. Values of gross nickel were located in the concentration range of 3.3 - 16.8 mg/kg. A background concentration of 9.5 mg/kg was proposed, which differs from the generally known values presented in the comparative analysis and gives a modern idea of the regional background content of the gross form of nickel.
Quantitative models for interconnection of indicators for sustainable development of oil companies
Authors: Prokofieva Lyudmila , Kuzovleva Nina , Bamba Zanga Abubakar
Published: October 2024

Currently, there is an established understanding of the importance of the role and efforts of business, including the oil business, in achieving the global goals of sustainable development set by the UN, which determine the need to implement an integrated and balanced approach to development in the economic, environmental and social aspects The formation, implementation and adjustment of sustainable development strategies for oil companies of Russian origin are considered on the example of the sustainable development strategy of PJSC LUKOIL, a vertically integrated private transnational oil company, which accounts for 2% of world oil production and 1% of proven hydrocarbon reserves. The article is devoted to the results of studying the relationship between individual indicators of sustainable development on the basis of sectoral statistics tools. The study is based on the hypothesis of the relationship between the level of the company's capitalization and such an indicator of sustainable development as the replenishment of hydrocarbon reserves as a result of geological exploration. The relevance of the article is determined by the need to ensure production with hydrocarbon reserves and the rational use of non-renewable natural resources, as well as to study the attitude of oil companies to the prospects for the development of their main business in an unstable economy and the need to adjust strategies. The authors made an attempt to determine the closeness of the relationship between these indicators using the correlation regression analysis.
Impact of jet-fuel on chemical properties of diverse soils
Authors: Semenkov Ivan , Lednev Sergey , Koroleva Tatyana
Published: October 2024

In the SE Smolensk-Moscow upland and in the Baikonur cosmodrome, changes in the chemical properties of diverse soils (Dystric Arenosols, Cambic Calcisols, Fibric Histosols and Albic Luvisols) were studied after the jet-fuel treatments of 1, 5, 10, 25 and 100 g/kg during a one- year pot experiment (one soil per region) and during two-year field experiments (in all soils). Among the controlled soil properties, only organic matter carbon content increased as jet-fuel load increased. For the other soil properties namely moisture, pH value, the concentration of available phosphorus and potassium, exchangeable ammonium, water-soluble nitrate, the total content of carbon and nitrogen, there were no obvious trends, which reflects a rather high stability of these soil properties to jet-fuel contamination in loads up to 100 g/kg.
Determination of deflections of above-ground pipelines under loads in the longitudinal and transverse directions
Authors: Cherentsov D. A. , Pirogov S. P.
Published: October 2024

The most common method of construction of field pipelines in permafrost-dominated areas is above-ground laying on supports. The size of the span between bearings is determined taking into account the condition of tuning out resonance frequencies in case of vortex excitation due to wind load. For these purposes it is necessary to determine the natural frequencies of vibrations of above-ground pipeline sections. When determining the natural frequencies of pipeline sections, it is necessary to take into account the initial position caused by additional loads in longitudinal and transverse directions (pre-stressed state of pipeline sections). A differential equation for determining the position of a pipeline section under stationary loads in longitudinal and transverse directions based on the rod theory is obtained. The numerical solution of the equation is obtained using the finite difference method. The influence of longitudinal and lateral forces is evaluated. It is shown that the influence of longitudinal and lateral loads has a significant effect on the initial position of pipeline sections. Therefore, the complex influence of loads should be taken into account for the correct determination of deflections. The initial position of the pipeline under the action of various combinations of loads can be used to evaluate the preliminary stress-strain state in the design of above-ground pipelines.
Causes and preventive measures of pressure vessel accidents
Authors: Salin A.A. , Ponikarov A.S.
Published: October 2024

The article deals with the problems of accidents and fatal injuries in hazardous production plants during the operation of pressure equipment. Extensive static data have been collected on the causes of accidents and occupational injuries in hazardous production facilities using pressure vessels. Emphasis is placed on analyzing the causes of accidents, the categories of victims and the nature of injuries, as well as on preventive measures to avoid accidents and minimize the risk of fatal injuries.
Study of a solar cell with a silicon-based photodiode structure
Authors: Utamuradova Sharifa , Daliev Khojakbar , Daliev Shakhrukh , Muzafarova Sultanpasha , Fayzullaev Kakhramon , Muzafarova Gulnoza
Published: October 2024

This article presents the results of a study of the capacitance- voltage characteristics of MSM photodiode structures with silicon-based potential barriers. The results of studies aimed at creating Au-nCdS-nSi- pCdTe-Au photodiode structures for the spectral range of 1.0-1.4 microns with an area of 29 mm2, which were obtained by vacuum evaporation in a quasi-closed volume of sputtering layers of cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride, are presented. onto a silicon substrate with resistivity ρ = 607.47 Ohm∙cm. A distinctive feature of the resulting photodiode Au - nCdS-nSi - pCdTe - Au structures are two-way sensitive and have a low capacitance value of C = 23.3 pF at room temperature.
The impact of power system characteristics on the energy consumption of a steel plant
Authors: Tynchenko Vadim , Kozlova Anastasia , Ermolaeva Olga , Krasovskaya Lyudmila , Vodyannikov Vladimir
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the relationships between energy consumption and various factors affecting the operation of the power system of a steel plant. Given the growing demand for electricity and the necessity to transition to sustainable energy sources, studying these relationships is becoming increasingly relevant. The main methods used in the research include correlation and factor analysis, which help identify key dependencies and patterns in the behavior of power systems. The study covers parameters such as reactive power, load type, and temporal factors, including the day of the week and the day's status. The results of the correlation analysis reveal a strong relationship between energy consumption and lagging reactive power, as well as significant connections with other variables, such as load type and temporal characteristics. These dependencies highlight the importance of considering various factors in energy resource management. Factor analysis identifies several key factors influencing energy consumption, opening new opportunities for process optimization in power systems. The findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive data analysis approach to effectively manage energy consumption and enhance the resilience of power supply systems. This work is of practical significance for energy companies and specialists in energy management, as the results can be used to develop strategies for optimizing energy consumption, improving planning, and ensuring supply reliability. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of power system dynamics and lays the foundation for future research in the field of sustainable energy development.
Modeling of the curvilinear motion of a vehicle with all steer wheels
Authors: Didmanidze Otari , Lavrov Alexandr , Fedotkin Roman , Sidorov Maxim , Serezhkin Sergey , Dudin Daniil , Kambarov Bakhtiyor
Published: October 2024

Developed simulation model of the curvilinear motion of the two-axial wheel carrier with all steer wheels. The model includes the motion of the wheel carrier’s center of mass with respect to the moving coordinate system, the matrix of the directional cosines for the transition from a moving to the fixed coordinate system, the bearing and running module for the determination of the reactions in the flat spot of the wheel tire with the bearing surface area, and the mechanism for turning steer wheels. The aim is to study vehicle steerability and dexterity of the two-axial wheel carrier with all steer wheels via modeling in the MATLAB Simulink. Parameters obtained show the application effectiveness of the steering control with all steer wheels for the two-axial wheel carrier. Results obtained can be applied to the constructional design of a vehicles for the determination of the optimal parameters of a steering configuration. Developed simulation model of the vehicle can become a basis for the modeling of vehicles’ motion equipped with the control system of the air pressure in tires, track-type module, adaptive undercarriages with the robotic operating system, etc.
The choice of an anti-icing system to expand the possibilities of using the aircraft in instrumental meteorological conditions
Authors: Shapiro Nikita , Kudryashov Evgeny , Shevelev Oleg
Published: October 2024

This article provides a comprehensive overview of past studies of aircraft icing. Special attention is paid to the following aspects. First, the causes, types, severity and natural parameters of aircraft icing are introduced. Then the various effects of icing on the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft, stability, controllability, as well as existing evaluation methods are generalized and analyzed. The following is a simple introduction to the recent problem of icing with supercooled large droplets, and whose nature is carefully described in the article (SLD). Finally, a series of aviation accidents that have occurred in recent years due to icing is analyzed. Previous lessons should be adopted and disseminated by subsequent generations in order to avoid accidents due to icing of aircraft. Based on the consideration of such a wide range of issues related to icing, ways to prevent it using various methods and devices are considered, and the effectiveness of such methods to prevent icing of specific aircraft units is compared.
Investigation of changes in the temperature field in the enclosing structure reinforced with a steel cage
Authors: Galaeva Natalya
Published: October 2024

In the proposed article, using computer modeling based on the finite element method, an enclosing structure is investigated, the reinforcement of which is made by using a steel cage. The aim of the study is to analyze the effect of the adopted amplification option on the change in the temperature field in the thickness of the enclosing structure. As part of the study, two models of the enclosing structure were considered: the first – with a reinforced steel cage, the second – without reinforcement. As a result of the analysis of the results obtained, the need for additional thermal engineering calculations of enclosing structures, when performing their reinforcement, was shown. It was also pointed out that in this case, the reinforcement elements of the enclosing structure, which further increase its thermal heterogeneity, are recommended not to be divided into similar fragments, since they can influence each other, which leads to a change in the temperature field in the structure. In the case of division into similar fragments, the calculation results obtained may not be correct, since this effect may be significant in the accepted amplification variant.
CatBoost algorithms to predict the load-bearing capacity of centrally compressed short CFST columns of circular cross-section
Authors: Kondratieva Tatiana , Chepurnenko Anton , Poliakova Karolina , Rodionov Kirill
Published: October 2024

The article investigates the use of regression models, GradientBoostingRegressor and RandomForestRegressor, to predict the load-bearing capacity of centrally compressed short concrete filled steel tubular columns. The work is based on experimental data covering a wide range of column geometric characteristics and material strength characteristics. An important part of the analysis was to deter-mine the influence of various parameters on the model predictions. The importance of features, assessment of the quality of models (MSE, MAE, MAPE) were considered , and visualization of actual and predicted values was carried out to compare the results. The results showed that both models success-fully cope with the task of predicting the load-bearing capacity of structures under given conditions. Analysis of the importance of features revealed the most significant parameters affecting the load-bearing capacity of columns. Visualization of forecasts and analysis of residuals confirmed the adequacy of the models. Additionally, a process of tuning model parameters using cross-validation was carried out to optimize their performance. The results of the study can be used in engineering applications such as the design of reinforced concrete structures to predict load-bearing capacity.
Application of blockchain technology as a connecting digital technology
Authors: Kolyeva Natalya , Panov Mikhail , Ishchenko Evgeny , Husnetdinov IIgiziar , Shaykin Vsevolod
Published: October 2024

The growing problems of software security require innovative solutions. One of the methods of distributed data storage - blockchain - is considered. The focus is on promising areas of development where blockchain technology is already being applied and where it can bring maximum benefit to users. It will also highlight the main challenges that are inhibiting the development of the technology, and preventing widespread adoption of existing practices. This research explores the potential of blockchain technology to improve software security, its impact at both the technical and organizational level. By analyzing current challenges, blockchain principles, and successful integration examples, this study aims to bridge the gap between theory and practice in digital security. Emphasis is placed on the security benefits of blockchain and how they can be used to improve authentication, access control, threat monitoring, and guaranteed storage of digital information. Cases of blockchain applications in this context are presented and the challenges and prospects for the future development of this exciting field are discussed. The paper aims to highlight the relevance and promise of integrating blockchain technologies into software security.
Application of mathematical modeling in probability theory and mathematical statistics
Authors: Egamov Mirshohid , Sharipov Ergash , Shodiev Saʼdulla , Abdiraxmonov Abdimumin
Published: October 2024

In this academic paper, the application of mathematical modeling in the fields of probability theory and mathematical statistics is rigorously explored. This study advocates for the integration of mathematical modeling into the pedagogical framework of these disciplines, proposing it as a strategic enhancement to traditional teaching methodologies. The incorporation of such models is posited to catalyze the cultivation of creative thinking capabilities within students. The discourse following this proposal delves into the intricate details, highlighting both theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of this integration. By infusing mathematical modeling into the curriculum, the initiative aims to enrich students’ comprehension and application of complex statistical and probabilistic concepts, thereby equipping them with the tools to innovatively tackle real- world problems.
Comparative analysis of the application of different types of neural networks to the recognition of one-dimensional signals
Authors: Babushkina N.E. , Lyapin A.A.
Published: October 2024

In the processes of determining the properties of materials and structures based on the study of the response to a given dynamic impact, the problem of analysing a one-dimensional time signal and its classification arises. One of the effective approaches to solving it is the use of artificial neural networks with generalized properties of approximation and data filtering. The paper investigates the effectiveness of using fully connected, recurrent and convolutional neural networks to problems of impact indentation to determine the strength properties of metals and elastic moduli of layered structures of non-rigid highways.
Evaluating the integration of internal and external factors for balancing sustainability and profitability in SMEs
Authors: Vanpetch Yingsak , Sattayathamrongthian Mahachai
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the challenge of balancing sustainability and profitability in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. Using a qualitative approach, 45 semi-structured interviews were conducted with SME operators across agriculture, manufacturing, and commerce sectors to assess the influence of internal and external factors on sustainable business practices. Internal factors such as resource optimization, cost efficiency, and dynamic capabilities were identified as critical to enhancing sustainability while maintaining profitability. However, financial constraints and short-term survival remain key concerns for most businesses, with sustainability often deprioritized unless it directly contributes to cost savings. Externally, institutional pressures, stakeholder demands, and environmental regulations were found to significantly influence SMEs' sustainability strategies, though weak enforcement and lack of consumer demand for sustainable products limit broader adoption. The study offers practical recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of both internal and external factors in driving sustainable business practices, including the need for government support through flexible regulatory frameworks, financial incentives, and increased public awareness of sustainable products. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the sustainability-profitability paradox in SMEs and suggest that achieving a balance requires a combination of economic incentives, stakeholder engagement, and supportive policy environments. Future research should expand the scope to include quantitative analysis of the financial impacts of sustainability initiatives across different industries and regions.
Investigation of the effectiveness of armored cable in protecting the equipment of electric centrifugal pumps from corrosion
Authors: Pogrebnaya Irina , Mikhailova Svetlana
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this article is to study the effectiveness of armored cable, namely, применthe use of armored four-core cable to protect the installation of an electric centrifugal pump (ESP) from corrosion failure. Method: at the heart of the method, we consider the use of various protections such as: the impact of the inhibitory protection method and the electrochemical (cathodic) protection method, which in turn prevent the oxidative destruction of oilfield equipment parts. Result: an analysis of the application of cathodic corrosion protection using various connection modes of a four-core armored cable was carried out. Conclusion: the inhibitory method of anti-corrosion protection of equipment (ESP) has not proven itself, while the use of an armored four- core cable increased the inter-repair period by 4 times (up to 870 days). No traces of corrosion were found on the surface of the submersible motor and other underground equipment.
Application of branching processes to solve boundary value problems for the semi-linear Helmholtz equation
Authors: Rasulov Abdujabar , Raimova Gulnora
Published: October 2024

This work devoted to construct a probabilistic model for solving boundary value problems for the semi-linear Helmholtz equation. Probabilistic representations of problem solving in the form of the mathematical expectation of some random variable are obtained. In accordance with probabilistic representation, branching processes are constructed and modeling formulas are specified for each of the branching processes. It has been proven that the constructed branching processes degenerate with probability one and the average number of particles of each n-th generation is less than or equal to one. For the considered problems, unbiased estimates were constructed on the trajectories of the corresponding random processes. Unbiased estimates which constructed on the trajectories of a branching process with a limited average number of branches, easily modeled in computer and has limited variance. Based on the proposed estimates, computational experiments were carried out. The results of the computational experiment show that using the constructed algorithm it is possible to solve semi-linear problems that occur in practice.
Integrative model for integrating green initiatives in Industry 4.0 enterprises
Authors: Kulova Ivelina , Nikolova-Alexieva Valentina , Koleva Nina
Published: October 2024

The convergence of green initiatives and Industry 4.0 presents both opportunities and challenges for modern enterprises. The aim of this study is to propose a model that offers a structured approach for companies and entrepreneurs to embed green initiatives into their operations, capitalizing on the technological advancements and operational efficiencies of Industry 4.0. By drawing parallels to Intel's Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) framework, this model is designed to be comprehensive, addressing critical aspects such as resource efficiency, supply chain sustainability, and technology-driven innovation. The proposed Integrative Model provides a strategic roadmap for achieving sustainability goals while leveraging the technological advancements of Industry 4.0. By incorporating cutting-edge technologies such as IoT, big data analytics, and advanced manufacturing, the model not only enhances operational efficiency but also promotes sustainable practices across the value chain. The study underscores the necessity of a phased approach for implementation, involving assessment, strategic planning, and continuous improvement. This model complements existing frameworks like Intel's ESG by providing specific tools and strategies tailored to the unique demands of Industry 4.0 enterprises. Ultimately, it serves as a critical resource for companies aiming to achieve a competitive advantage through sustainable, technology-driven practices.
Impact of artificial intelligence on sustainable development in African countries
Authors: Kuzmina Tatyana , Podbiralina Galina , Baburina Olga
Published: October 2024

The African continent continues to be characterized by imbalances in economic development and infrastructure challenges, while the high cost of internet access, skills shortages and technical skills hinder the adoption of artificial intelligence. Large-scale corruption and bureaucracy pose major challenges. Addressing these challenges will enable the development of a quality AI ecosystem and utilize the latest technologies to create new opportunities for the government, businesses and the African population. The main objective of this study is to identify the role of artificial intelligence in the inclusive and sustainable economic growth of African countries, and justify the feasibility of its adoption in their economies and infrastructure. The study of the artificial intelligence market in the countries of the region has shown that there is significant potential in the introduction of such technologies in various sectors of national economies There is unevenness in the readiness of countries for digital transformation and technology adoption due to different levels of investment opportunities of national economies, human potential, government policies on artificial intelligence, political stability and technological development. Based on expert assessments, three scenarios (conservative, confident and pessimistic) of economic development of African economies depending on the level of development of the artificial intelligence market in the region were drawn up. The factors negatively affecting the processes of digital transformation were identified; the directions of using artificial intelligence technologies to solve global problems and achieve inclusive and sustainable economic growth of the African continent were substantiated.
On the issue of individual problems of environmental law and ways to solve them
Authors: Samsonova Veronika , Kirilenko Viktoriya
Published: October 2024

This article examines the current issues in the development of modern international environmental law and explores ways the global community can address them. It considers the main strategies for enhancing the effectiveness of environmental protection legislation. Environmental protection and preservation are typically achieved through the implementation of laws and regulations designed to maintain ecological balance. These standards and rules aim to prevent and reduce environmental pollutants and improve the overall environment. The goal is to identify challenges and opportunities related to compliance with environmental legislation in various countries, offering practical suggestions for more sustainable methods of environmental protection and preservation.
Environmental doctrine within the framework of legal regulation in the Russian Federation
Authors: Belik Sofia , Barashyan Liana
Published: October 2024

This article analyzes and highlights the key provisions of the environmental doctrine of the Russian Federation. Environmental management is identified as a significant influence of economic globalization. The author summarizes the crucial role of developing and implementing a new environmental doctrine in the modern world, particularly within Russian legislation, alongside the introduction of relevant new norms into the country's environmental law. Through research in this area, the author concludes that it is now imperative to develop a new environmental policy. This urgency is underscored by the fact that many countries, including Russia, face environmental threats caused by climate change and industrial activity. This policy should become a national priority in the near future. The purpose of this article is to advocate for the preparation of a new environmental doctrine and new management mechanisms to balance environmental policy within the modern development conditions of the Russian Federation. The study emphasizes the importance of creating a new environmental policy and outlines the reasons and threats that heighten the relevance of this issue in the contemporary world.