bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERAN MUHAMMADIYAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN MASYARAKAT AGRARIS DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Ritonga Utan Sahiro , Puspitasari Euis Evi
Published: February 2022

Community welfare is not only the responsibility of the central government but all parties according to their respective roles and functions. Considering that Indonesia is an agricultural country where most population works as farmers in rural areas, attention to developing farmer economic capacity is important in efforts to improve the welfare of the community. Muhammadiyah as a religious-based community organization has carried out its ‘dakwah’ role through the development of agrarian communities in rural areas. This study aims to determine farmers characteristics associated with the level of this role through a quantitative research approach. The testing technique in this study was carried out using three-box method and chi-square Pearson on survey data was collected non-probability with the technique as purposive samples. The results show that Muhammadiyah plays very significant role as a learning class, a forum for cooperation, and a production unit for farmers in Bandung Regency. Farmer's age, education level, length of farming, and income level had positively related, and group experience was negatively related to Muhammadiyah's role as learning class. Education level and length of farming had positive relationship, and farmer's income level had negative relationship with Muhammadiyah roles as production unit. Outstanding roles achievement from group to develop an agrarian society had a relationship with farmer characteristics that should be considered by interested parties for the farmer welfare, to achieve the role of group as an institution following the common ideals and expectations of farmers.
DISIPLIN KERJA PEMANEN KELAPA SAWIT DI PT. HARAPAN SAWIT LESTARI CARGILL KETAPANG
Authors: Fatoni Chaerul Aziz , Kurniati Dewi , Suharyani Anita
Published: February 2022

 PT. Harapan Sawit Lestari Cargill still has undisciplined workers. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of work discipline and the factors that influence the Work Discipline of Oil Palm Harvesters at PT. Harapan Sawit Lestari Cargill Ketapang. The method used in this research is a descriptive quantitative method using 100 respondents taken by positive sampling and data analysis used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Lisrell software 8.80. The results are the level of discipline of oil palm harvest workers at PT. Harapan Sawit Lestari Cargill Ketapang is categorized as good. Variables that influence discipline are the leader justice retribution and firmness. PT. Harapan Sawit Lestari Cargill Lestari must pay attention to the level of labor discipline by conducting direct supervision. The foreman must be more assertive and fair to undisciplined workers who are given punishment or sanctions to provide a deterrent effect. Workers who obey the rules are given rewards in bonuses to motivate other workers not to violate. Treatment of workers must provide health facilities in adequate health insurance.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KARAKTERISTIK ANGGOTA DAN DINAMIKA KELOMPOK DENGAN EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PEKARANGAN PANGAN LESTARI (P2L) PADA KWT MEKAR LESTARI KOTA SALATIGA
Authors: Rinory Armandho , Prihtanti Tinjung Mary
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the relationship between member characteristics and group dynamics with the effectiveness of a sustainable food garden program. The selection of research locations was conducted deliberately (purposive), namely at KWT Mekar Lestari, Randuacir Subdistrict Argomulyo Salatiga City. This study uses a type of descriptive research quantifiable with survey methods sampling techniques using saturated sampling or census with 30 samples or all KWT Mekar Lestari members. Data collection techniques are carried out using questionnaires, and variable dynamics of groups measured by Likert scale techniques tested validity and reliability. Data analysis techniques used descriptive statistical and Spearman Rank correlation. The results showed that age, education, and membership status had an insignificant relationship with a deficient level of relationship with the effectiveness of the P2L program. Group dynamics seen from its elements, namely group goals, group structure, group cohesiveness, group atmosphere, and group effectiveness have a significant relationship with the level of a strong relationship with the effectiveness of the P2L program, while group task functions and group coaching and maintenance have a moderate relationship and significant with the effectiveness of the P2L program. The element of group pressure has a deficient and insignificant relationship with the effectiveness of the P2L program.
MINAT WIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI AGRIBISNIS PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Ihsannudin Ihsannudin , Pratiwi Nindya Ayu
Published: February 2022

Amount 5.73% of the national unemployed are college graduates, and it got worse with 15.6% of layoffs due to Covid-19. This condition can be solved by entrepreneurship initiation for college graduates, especially agribusiness students. This research aims to determine the strategic development of entrepreneur interest for agribusiness students due to the Covid-19 pandemic, through (1) analyzing the entrepreneurship interest of Agribusiness students, (2) analyzing the driving and inhibiting factors of entrepreneurship interest for Agribusiness students. The approach of this research is quantitative with descriptive analysis. The location was in the Agribusiness department Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura. The results show entrepreneurship interest of Agribusiness students is high. Personal characteristics, business knowledge/skills, and social environment were identified as inhibiting factors for entrepreneurship interest, and the driving factor was the family environment. Academic activity strategies need to be carried out by developing entrepreneurship courses, entrepreneurship curriculum development and adapting materials according to the needs of new entrepreneurs. Meanwhile, non-academic strategies are carried out by increasing participation in PKM and entrepreneurship competitions through incentives, requiring participation in entrepreneurship courses in a pleasant atmosphere, writing training/seminars, and other entrepreneurial activities.
Socioeconomic Status Impacts Access to Orthopaedic Specialty Care
Authors: Resad Ferati Sehar , Parisien Robert L. , Joslin Patrick , Knapp Brock , Li Xinning , Curry Emily J.
Published: February 2022

» Financial, personal, and structural barriers affect access to all aspects of orthopaedic specialty care.

» Disparities in access to care are present across all subspecialties of orthopaedic surgery in the United States.

» Improving timely access to care in orthopaedic surgery is crucial for both health equity and optimizing patient outcomes.

» Options for improving orthopaedic access include increasing Medicaid/Medicare payments to physicians, providing secondary resources to assist patients with limited finances, and reducing language barriers in both clinical care and patient education.
Klippel-Feil Syndrome
Authors: Jae-Min Park Andrew , Nelson Susan E. , Mesfin Addisu
Published: February 2022

» Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a rare multisystem constellation of findings with congenital cervical fusion as the hallmark. The etiology is not fully understood.

» Recent studies have indicated that KFS is more prevalent than previously described.

» Hypermobility in the nonfused segments may lead to adjacent segment disease and potential disc herniation and myelopathy after minor trauma.

» Most patients with KFS are asymptomatic and can be managed nonoperatively. Surgical treatment is reserved for patients presenting with pain refractory to medical management, instability, myelopathy or radiculopathy, or severe adjacent segment disease.

» Patients with craniocervical abnormalities and upper cervical instability should avoid contact sports as they are at increased risk for spinal cord injury after minor trauma.
Library Class: Model Pembelajaran Literasi Informasi Tingkat Sekolah Dasar (Studi Kasus SD Madania)
Authors: Kurnianingsih Indah , Rosini Rosini , Erza Elfitri Kurnia
Published: February 2022

Literasi Informasi merupakan komponen keterampilan yang sangat penting dalam pembelajaran seumur hidup bagi siswa. Sekolah Dasar Madania Parung Bogor merupakan salah satu sekolah di Indonesia yang menerapkan pembelajaran literasi informasi sejak tingkat sekolah dasar. Pengkajian bertujuan untuk merancang desain pembelajaran literasi informasi sejak sekolah dasar. Pengkajian ini merupakan studi kasus tentang karakteristik model pembelajaran literasi informasi di Sekolah Dasar Madania. Hasil kajian memperlihatkan bahwa keterampilan literasi informasi perlu diberikan bagi siswa sejak tingkat sekolah dasar agar menjadi bekal keterampilan pembelajar mandiri. Pembelajaran literasi informasi di SD Madania berbentuk kelas klasikal yang disebut dengan Library Class. Library Class memiliki peranan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan literasi informasi siswa. Hasil lainnya adalah tersusunnya ruang lingkup utama yang menjadi dasar pengembangan topik lain yang mendukung pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran. Keenam ruang lingkup utama tersebut adalah (1) Orientasi dan nilai-nilai kepustakaan atau library values;(2) Sumbersumber informasi atau resource literacy; (3) Penelusuran informasi atau research literacy; (4) Pengolahan dan pemanfaatan informasi atau organization of information; (5) Evaluasi informasi atau critical literacy; dan (6) Penyajian informasi atau publishing literacy. Keenam ruang lingkup utama tersebut dituangkan dalam bentuk silabus yang dapat menjadi rekomendasi bagi para pengelola perpustakaan sekolah, guru, dan kepala sekolah untuk mengintegrasikan literasi informasi dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran di kelas sehingga tercapai keterpaduan dan kolaborasi antar berbagai pihak di sekolah dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran.
Pemanfaatan Media Sosial Dalam Diseminasi Inovasi Tanaman Rempah
Authors: Rushendi Rushendi , Suryantini Heryati
Published: February 2022

Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro) menghasilkan  berbagai teknologi untuk memajukan pertanian Indonesia, khususnya tanaman rempah dan obat. Upaya untuk mendiseminasikan teknologi tersebut perlu dilakukan agar dapat diadopsi dan diaplikasikan oleh masyarakat. Media sosial merupakan salah satu sarana yang cukup efektif dan efisien untuk mendiseminasikan informasi secara cepat kepada khalayak luas. Pengkajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan media sosial untuk mendiseminasikan hasil-hasil penelitian tanaman rempah. Pengkajian  dirancang menggunakan analisis dokumen dengan pendekatan deskriptif melalui data kuantitatif informasi yang ditampilkan pada media sosial Balittro tahun 2018. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa media sosial dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sarana diseminasi hasil penelitian tanaman rempah. Hal ini ditunjukkan melalui jangkauan, like, comment, dan share pengguna terhadap informasi yang ditampilkan dalam media sosial. Informasi terkait penelitian tanaman rempah dan obat yang ditayangkan di media sosial Balittro pada tahun 2018 sebanyak 512 judul. Informasi terkait inovasi tanaman rempah di media sosial berjumlah 6,46% dari keseluruhan materi yang ditampilkan. Media sosial Balittro,  berdasarkan Model Honeycomb berfungsi sebagai identity, conversations, sharing, relationship, reputation, dan groups. Media sosial yang digunakan Balittro efektif untuk mendiseminasikan informasi tanaman rempah. Hal ini ditunjukkan melalui jangkauan, like, comment, dan share pengguna yang tinggi terhadap informasi mengenai lada, pala, dan vanili.
An Integrated Approach to the Design and Modelling of High Rate Water Pack Treatments
Authors: Govinathan Kesavan , Sallis Jonathan , Jain Samyak , Tibbles Raymond , Foster Mike , Waltman Bart
Published: February 2022

High Rate Water Pack (HRWP) treatments are used in cased hole gravel packs with the intention of creating small fractures to bypass near wellbore damage and improve perforation packing. Despite their popularity as a sand control technique, there has never been a software model developed specifically for HRWP treatments, and so their design has been largely driven by trial-and-error based on local field experience.

Often, local field experience is insufficient to achieve the desired results due to uncertainties in the fracture initiation, propagation and packing mechanisms. The ability to model the initiation and packing of the fracture provides a better understanding of the achievable perforation packing in a specific well and how to maximize it. Such a model must simultaneously simulate fluid hydraulics, wellbore packing, fracture initiation and propagation, and gravel placement.

Models exist for gravel packing that can predict packing in the wellbore annulus and perforations, but they do not account for initiation, propagation and packing of the fractures. Multiple models are also available specifically for fracturing design, but most of these do not account for wellbore packing. These models are more suited for conventional hydraulic fracturing and frac pack treatments using highly viscous or crosslinked fluids. Such fracturing models tend to overpredict fluid leak-off in soft rock formations, especially with low viscosity fluids, and consequently predict premature screen-outs under conditions in which HRWP treatments are in practice successfully placed.

This paper introduces the first software model that combines both wellbore and perforation packing, along with the initiation and packing of small fractures, to facilitate successful HRWP treatments. Examples of how the model can be used to optimize HRWP treatments are discussed and the various parameters that impact HRWP design are also assessed. Several case studies are presented comparing modelled and actual data to both validate the model and demonstrate how it can be used to optimize the designs for offset wells.
Novel Class of Retarded, Newtonian, Single-Phase HCl-Based Stimulation Fluids: A Laboratory Characterization
Authors: Samouei Hamidreza , Ivanishin Igor , Orangi Abdollah
Published: February 2022

Novel retarded acids were designed and evaluated by measuring their dissolution and corrosion rates in the laboratory at a temperature of 250°F. Results indicate that depending on the type of the retarder, the acid solutions containing 15 wt% HCl react 1.2–10.7 slower than 15 wt% straight HCl. In addition, novel retarded acids pass the industry standard for corrosion rate of L80, P110, T95, and 13Cr steel grades even with no corrosion inhibitor added to the formulation. Field application of the novel acid systems will provide a series of benefits, including ease to mix and pump, operational safety, deep stimulation of target zone, etc. Presented results are integral for designing the stimulation operations in carbonate reservoirs and the removal of carbonate scales in the oil and gas or geothermal energy industries.
Formation Damage Due to Aqueous Phase Traps in High Permeability Reservoirs and its Impact on Production Enhancement – Experimental Study
Authors: Gramin Pavel , Mahadev Karthik , Haldipur Prashant , Pietrobon Marney
Published: February 2022

Matrix acidizing, stimulation and other aqueous or solvent based pumping treatments such as scale squeezes, sand consolidation and organic deposition removal techniques play an ever-increasing role in maximizing value of high margin, high rate Deepwater wells. Near wellbore permeability impairment due to aqueous fluids capillary trap is a well-studied phenomenon in low permeability reservoirs but has not received much attention in high permeability oil reservoirs. During the execution of some of these different pumping treatments, an apparent formation damage was observed during execution in the form of lower productivity index (PI) post-treatment. In most cases, the PI impairment did not recover after the wells were brought online. In one case, the PI impairment slowly improved over time and fully recovered after the equivalent of ~1000 PV of the oil flow back. This temporary damage, in turn, created issues in terms of treatment design and execution often blurring the cause of damage and thereby affecting chemical and diverter selection and placement design variables.

A laboratory study was undertaken to understand the nature of the damage. The results obtained from laboratory experiments to understand the impact of brines on effective permeability to oil are presented in this work.

The results of the study are outlined below:

Pore throat size distribution and degree of heterogeneity are principal factors controlling initial, short-term damage. Effective permeability reduction is related to non-uniform displacement by an alternate phase (oil or water), leaving less connected pores unswept. Long term damage depends on the flow rate / capillary number (Nc):  High Rate / High Capillary Number results in short-term damage becoming permanent,  Low rate / Low Capillary Number leads to gradual recovery over a long oil flowback period.  Mutual solvents were not effective in removing the observed damage.
Enhancing Increased Production in an Open Hole Well by the Acid Stimulation Design Optimization using Self-Aligning-Jetting-Tool in Mexico Offshore
Authors: Vazquez Morin Jorge , Landon Francisco , Flores Aaron , Garcia Antonio Manuel , Barrientos Carmen , Troncoso Sergio , Narvaez Ivan Ernesto , Joya Ruiz Jose Francisco , Murillo Andrea , Campos Katya
Published: February 2022

An operator in Mexico was seeking a solution for improving methods for acid stimulation treatment in open-hole wells. Previous bullheading acid treatment in the same field was less efficient compared with selective treatment according to production conditions. In the shallow waters (offshore, Mexico), the acid stimulations are normally performed with bullheading technique; however, there are some cases where it is complicated to stimulate the production zone uniformly, especially in large openhole sections that presents fractures.

Selective acid treatment technique is an alternative solution that represents an opportunity for the optimization of stimulations in Mexico and globally. The selected well has a 234 m open-hole section in a naturally fractured carbonate formation. Breaking usual paradigms, an unconventional treatment based on hydro-mechanical method for selective stimulation along the open hole was applied and completed with successful results. The operation was completed using coiled tubing (CT) deploying the Self-Aligning Jetting (SAJ) tool to stimulate 15 specific zones along the open hole section, each one selected for having the best petrophysical parameters.

A 65% decrease in the acid treatment volume was obtained, which translates into savings in well flow back time, thus less Nitrogen to kick off the well, and removal time to the floating Storage/Production vessel (FSPV), in conclusion, oil production was incorporated more quickly after the well stimulation in comparison to the bullheading treatment. Comparing the two last open-hole stimulations in the same field, the productivity index obtained from conventional stimulation (bullheading) was in the order of 82 bpd/(kg/cm2), while selective stimulation was in the order of 160 bpd/(kg/cm), which is equivalent to an increase 95%. This paper presents the innovative technique of the stimulation with mechanical diversion using SAJ as the best option for injecting high-pressure fluids into specific targets through the open hole, and the advantages of the zones with the greatest oil production potential being stimulated, preventing the treatment from focusing only on a fractured zone or on areas with water or gas production potential.
Genetic diversity and population structure of 93 rice cultivars (lines) (Oryza sativa Xian group) in Qinba in China by 3 types of genetic markers
Authors: Zhang Yu , He Qiaoqiao , Zhou Xixi , Zheng Shimao , Wang Yewen , Li Peijiang , Wang Yuexing
Published: February 2022

Background
The Qinba region is the transition region between Indica and Japonica varieties in China. It has a long history of Indica rice planting of more than 7000 years and is also a planting area for fine-quality Indica rice. The aims of this study are to explore different genetic markers applied to the analysis population structure, genetic diversity, selection and optimization of molecular markers of Indica rice, thus providing more information for the protection and utilization on germplasm resources of Indica rice.
Methods
15 phenotypic traits, a core set of 48 SSR markers as well as SNPs data obtained by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS, NlaIII and MseI digestion, referred to as SNPs-NlaIII and SNPs-MseI, respectively) for this panel of 93 samples using the Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencing platform, were employed to explore the genetic diversity and population structure of 93 samples.
Results
The average of coefficient of variation (CV) and diversity index (He) were 29.72% and 1.83 ranging from 3.07–137.43%, and from 1.45 to 2.03, respectively. The correlation coefficient between 15 phenotypic traits ranged from 0.984 to -0.604. The first four PCs accounted for 70.693% phenotypic variation based on phenotypic analysis. A total of 379 alleles were obtained using SSR markers, encompassing an average of 8.0 alleles per primer. Polymorphic bands (PPB) and polymorphism information content (PIC) was 88.65% and 0.77, respectively. The Mantel test showed that the correlation between the genetic distance matrix based on SNPs-NlaIII and SNPs-MseI was the largest (R2=0.88), and that based on 15 phenotypic traits and SSR was the smallest (R2=0.09). The 93 samples could be clustered into two subgroups by 3 types of genetic markers. Molecular variance analysis revealed that the genetic variation was 2% among populations and 98% within populations (the Nm was 0.16), Tajima’s D value was 1.66, the FST between the two populations was 0.61 based on 72,824 SNPs.
Conclusions
The population genetic variation explained by SNPs was larger than that explained by SSRs. The gene flow of 93 samples used in this study was larger than that of naturally self-pollinated crops, which may be caused by long-term breeding selection of Indica rice in the Qinba region. The genetic structure of the 93 samples was simple and lacked rare alleles.
Phenological shifts of the invasive annual weed Bidens pilosa var. pilosa in response to climate warming
Authors: Osaki Soshi , Wasaki Jun , Nakatsubo Takayuki
Published: February 2022

The synergistic impacts of climate change and biological invasions pose major threats to biodiversity. However, although previous studies have revealed that climate warming enhances the invasiveness of non-native plants, little is currently known regarding the eco-physiological mechanisms underlying the changes in invasiveness promoted by a changing climate. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of warming on the phenology and eco-physiological background of the invasive annual weed Bidens pilosa var. pilosa in temperate regions. We compared the timing of germination, seedling growth, and flowering phenology at two study sites characterized by different temperatures (difference in mean annual temperature: 2.8℃). From winter to early spring, germination commenced earlier and seedling growth was more rapid at the warmer site than at the cooler site. In the former site, some seedlings bore flowers in winter to early spring (spring flowering), whereas spring flowering was rarely recorded at the cooler site. The results of laboratory experiments indicated that spring flowering occurred when the daylength was sufficiently short for induction of flowering and when the growth stage exceeded a threshold size. To assess the impact of phenological shifts on invasiveness, we constructed a simple model for estimating the number of seeds produced annually (propagule pressure). Model estimates indicated that even partial spring flowering resulted in an exponential increase in propagule pressure. These findings indicate that phenological shifts caused by climate warming could result in a substantial increase in invasiveness, which is considerably more pronounced than that caused by growth promotion only.
CO2 gas sensing properties of Na3BiO4 - Bi2O3 mixed oxide nanostructures
Authors: Gupta Sandeep , Divakaran Anoop Mampazhasseri , Awasthi Kamlendra , Kumar Manoj
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we report Na3BiO4 - Bi2O3 mixed oxide nanoplates for carbon dioxide gas sensing applications. These nanoplates have been synthesized using electrochemical deposition with potentiostatic mode on ITO substrate and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) & X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze their surface morphology and structure. SEM study shows the presence of horizontally aligned nanoplates stacked on top of one another (thickness ≈ 40 nm to 75 nm). XRD pattern shows the presence of monoclinic Na3BiO4 - Bi2O3. The gas percentage response is evaluated by measuring the change in electrical resistance of the nanoplates in the presence of carbon dioxide for different pressures at 50°C, 75°C and 100°C. Percentage response of more than 100 % is seen at 30 psi gas pressure which increases to ≈ 277 % at 90 psi at 100°C.
Sexual dimorphism in neonates and maternal stature at term pregnancy predispose delivery outcomes: Considering predilection of spontaneous vaginal delivery for healthy pregnancies in Nigeria
Authors: Uzomba Godwin Chinedu , Ezemagu Uchenn Kenneth , Ubochi Chukwuemeka , Ogbu Rachel , Ibegbu Augustine Oseloka , Egba Friday Chibuzor , Onuora Olisa , Ezeonu Paul Olisaemeka , Ezeonu Thecla
Published: February 2022

Objectives: We aim to develop a labor protocol for male or female birth, base on maternal and neonatal stature. Materials and method: A prospective study of a cross section of pregnant mothers and their newborn babies, based on convenient sampling technique. A total of 480 mothers that were identified by a gynecologist as having healthy pregnancies and their newborn babies in gynecology ward of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria, from 1st July to 1st December, 2019, volunteered to participate in this study. Maternal and neonatal anthropometries; weight, height, BMI, waist girth (WG), hip girth (HG), birth head girth (BHG), and delivery outcomes: mode of delivery and duration of first and second stages of labor, and Apgar score at 1 minute of birth were considered. We adopted the guidelines of Institute of Medicine for direct anthropometric measurements.Results: The study recorded low prevalence of cesarean deliveries and abnormal apgar score. Male birth weight was dependent on maternal age, weight and HG (P<0.05). Birth weight and length, WG and HG could predict mode of delivery of male birth. Maternal and birth anthropometric features could not predict the duration of first stage of labor, but maternal age, BMI, HG and percentage body fat could determine that of second stage for female birth. Apgar score was dependent on birth weight and mode of delivery and duration of second stage of labor. Conclusions: The study reveals that maternal and male birth features tend to be similar, and relatively large maternal waist-hip ratio and fetal macrosomia at term pregnancy could be risk factors of male birth through vagina. Advance age of mothers in pregnancy and overweight and large WHR could be responsible for prolong labor, which leads to abnormal Apgar score. Relatively young expectant mothers with normal BMI and WHR could be granted more time during second stage of labor, since it could enhance the Apgar score of female birth. The study provided a comprehensible means to enable the gynecologists and midwives advice expectant mothers on possible risk of birth through vagina, with respect to her baby’s sex and her belief or cultural obligations.
Establishment of an Ecological Security Pattern Under Arid Conditions Based on Ecological Carrying Capacity: a Case Study of Arid Area in Northwest China.
Authors: Cao Xiaoyan , Jiao Jizong , Liu Xiuli , Zhu Wanyang , Wang Haoran
Published: February 2022

With the expansion of the social economy and adjustment of environmental policies, particularly with the onset of development policies for the western region, ecosystems in the arid areas of Northwest China have undergone profound changes. This study collected soil, topographical, climate, and nighttime light data to develop a set of ecological vulnerability assessment indicators based on the background ecological characteristics of the arid areas of Northwest China. The spatiotemporal evolution of ecological carrying capacity were analyzed by our team using Spatial Principal Component Analysis (SPCA) in 2000, 2007, 2012, and 2018 to construct an ecological security pattern. The results revealed that the ecological carrying capacities of the arid areas in the northwest were primarily weak, albeit decreasing, while those areas with strong carrying capacities were increasing. In terms of spatial distribution, the ecological carrying capacities of the Hexi, Northern Xinjiang, and Western Inner Mongolia regions were on the rise, while those of the Southern Xinjiang region were declining. The MCR model was used to extract 51 road-type, river-type, and green corridors with a total length of 7,285.43 km. A total of 71 nodes representing important patch, wet river, and ecologically fragile areas were extracted. According to the calculated results, the arid region of the northwest was divided into 16 ecological security patterns, which were optimized according to changes in their ecological carrying capacities.
Long-term trend of surface relative humidity in Hungary
Authors: Cséplő Anikó , Izsák Beatrix , Geresdi István
Published: February 2022

The long-term trends of relative humidity and its relationship with the long-term change of temperature are some of the unsolved problems of climate research. In this paper the results of the analysis of long-term changes (1961 - 2020) in relative humidity and temperature in Hungary are presented. Homogenized station data series were used to perform the analyses. While warming was significant in each season, a significant reduction of relative humidity was observed only in spring and summer. The seasonal variability in the dependence of the change of relative humidity on the change of temperature indicates that the change of temperature directly impacts the change of relative humidity in summer, and the enhancement of evaporation due to the increase of temperature may mitigate the impact of warming in other seasons. Homogenized datasets were used to study the daily variation of the long-term trend of relative humidity. Significant reduction was found at noon in each season, except for autumn. However, the reduction was more scattered during the night, depending on the season and/or the geographical location of the station. The relationship between the surface data and data observed by radio sounding (00 UTC and 12 UTC in time period of 2007 - 2018) was studied to predict the long-term trends of relative humidity in the lower, 100 m deep layer of PBL from the trend of surface relative humidity. The results suggest that this prediction can be reasonable only if daytime trends are considered.
Pride and Guilt as Mediators in the Relationship Between Connection to Nature and Pro-Environmental Intention
Authors: Pasca Laura
Published: February 2022

As a result of the environmental issues, different variables have been studied in relation to environmental concern and pro-environmental behavior. Among these are the connection to nature and moral emotions. In a first study (n =95), pride and guilt were found to be emotions which can be explained by the perceived environmental impact of those rather than the behavior itself. In a second study, it was observed that pride and guilt play a mediating role in the relationship between connectedness to nature and pro-environmental behavioral intention (n = 244). On the other hand, in the relationship between love for nature and behavioral intention, pride, but not guilt, played a mediating role (n = 253). Thus, the importance of fostering both pride and guilt in attaining higher levels of environmentally conscious behavior, as well as of considering people's perceptions of the impact of their behaviors on the environment, is highlighted.
Characterization of Pemigatinib as a Selective and Potent FGFR Inhibitor
Authors: Lin Qianmeng , Chen Xiaojuan , Qu Lingzhi , Guo Ming , Wei Hudie , Dai Shuyan , Jiang Longying , Chen Yongheng
Published: February 2022

FGFRs dysregulation is involved in a variety of tumorigenesis and development. Cholangiocarcinoma is closely related with FGFR aberrations, and pemigatinib is the first drug approved to target FGFR for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Herein, we undertake biochemical and structural analysis on pemigatinib against FGFRs as well as gatekeeper mutations. The results show that pemigatinib is a potent and selective FGFR1–3 inhibitor. The extensive network of hydrogen bond and van der Waals contacts found in the FGFR1-pemigatinib binding mode accounts for the high potency. Pemigatinib is also potent against Val-to-Ile gatekeeper mutation but cannot overcome Val-to-Met/Phe gatekeeper mutation in FGFR. Taken together, the inhibitory and structural profiles exemplified by pemigatinib may help to thwart Val-to-Ile gatekeeper mutation-based resistance at earlier administration and to advance the further design and improvement for inhibitors toward FGFRs with gatekeeper mutation.
Optimization And Assessment Of An Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation System For Synthetic Stormwater Treatment
Authors: Bettman Nathan , Alam Raquibul , Patterson-Fortin Laura , Asadi Mohsen , McPhedran Kerry
Published: February 2022

Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (eAOPs) such as the current Advanced Oxidation System (AOS) are a type of electrochemical wastewater treatment that creates oxidative species, such as iodide species, chloride species, and hydroxyl radicals, that can treat even recalcitrant contaminants. It is important to determine the concentrations and locations of oxidative species in eAOPs for optimization of the wastewater treatment process. In this study, a spectrophotometric methodology was used to determine concentrations of iodide and chloride oxidative species (starting at 10, 25, and 50 ppm) within an AOS under various input voltages (6, 12, and 24 V). Overall, it was found that iodate and chlorite were the dominant species created in their respective treatments. Additionally, the concentration of iodide oxidative species increases with increasing voltage, whereas the chloride species decrease with increasing voltage. The optimal conditions for the efficient creation of AOS oxidative species were 12 V and 10 ppm potassium iodide and 6 V and 10 ppm sodium chloride, respectively. In addition, the use of iodide is recommended for wastewater treatment using the AOS to effectively create oxidative species. Following optimization, the AOS performance was tested for a synthetic stormwater. Results indicated that the AOS performed well for reduction of Eschericha coli; however, reduction of other contaminants was inconsistent as would be expected given the AOS was optimized for disinfection, not decontamination. Further AOS optimization for decontamination would lead to improved decontamination performance.
in vitro antibacterial effect of forsterite nanopowder: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Avram Alexandra , Rapuntean Sorin , Gorea Maria , Tomoaia Gheorghe , Mocanu Aurora , Horovitz Ossi , Rapuntean Gheorghe , Tomoaia-Cotisel Maria
Published: February 2022

The synthesized forsterite is usually associated with various amounts of periclase (MgO), silicon dioxide (SiO2), and enstatite (MgSiO3). However, the role of different thermal treatment conditions on the optimal formation of pure forsterite and its antimicrobial activity is not yet deeply evaluated. So, the goal of this study was the preparation, characterization and in vitro antibacterial activity evaluation of forsterite nanopowder (FS, Mg2SiO4) obtained by two major methods, namely sol-gel (FSsg) and co-precipitation (FSpp). To assess the best working temperature for the preparation of FSsg and FSpp, the synthesis and thermal treatment conditions were optimized on the basis of thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis performed on the dried gel and dried co-precipitated solid, respectively. The FSsg and FSpp powders were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) indicating a high purity for both FSs and FSpp powders. The morphology of FSsg and FSpp nanopowders was explored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In vitro antibacterial activity was investigated using a targeted pathogen, namely Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 P as tested strain by broth dilution technique and inoculations on nutrient agar to highlight the bactericidal inhibitory effect. FSsg nanopowder has no inhibitory capacity, while FSpp produced inhibition, the effect being bactericidal at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. The superior bactericidal activity of FSpp against FSsg is due to variation in the own surface properties, such as specific surface area and nano-regime particle size. The FSpp obtained by co-precipitation method is reported for the first time as a novel bactericidal nanomaterial against Staphylococcus aureus. The nanoparticles, NPs, of FSpp exhibited good intrinsic antibacterial activity, which might potentiate its effect as antibiotic nanocarrier against Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, the novel FSpp may serve as an efficient antibacterial nanomaterial for its biomedical applications in pharmaceutical fields.
Lactate/Pyruvate Serum Ratio as a Clinical Prognostic Marker for Severe Septic Patients Evolution
Authors: Cantú-Rodríguez Olga Graciela , Hawing-Zárate José Angel , de Oca-Luna Roberto Montes , Hernández-Barajas David , Villalobos-Gutiérrez Leonel Estanislao , Jaime-Pérez José Carlos , Mancías-Guerra Consuelo , González-Llano Oscar , González-Cantú Graciela Alejandra , Gómez-Almaguer David , Gutiérrez-Aguirre César Homero
Published: February 2022

IntroductionVarious studies have shown that an increase in the lactate/pyruvate (L/P) ratio is associated with higher mortality. In some patients, despite the development of hyperlactatemia, the L/P ratio remains preserved. We determined the impact of variations in lactate, pyruvate, and the L/P ratio on mortality.Material and methodsWe recruited patients above 18 years with sepsis without shock. On admission, we measure lactate, C-reactive protein, lactate, pyruvate. All tests were performed 0, 4, and 8 hours after admission. The SOFA score, APACHE-II, and Shock Index were measured in all participants. All patients had a 30-day follow-up.ResultsEighteen patients in our cohort died, with an overall mortality of 21.6%. The most prevalent post-mortem diagnosis was pneumonia (50%), followed by sepsis of abdominal origin (38.9%), being statistical relevant (p = 0.002). An improvement of at least 30% in the L/P ratio in the next 4 hrs upon arrival at the emergency room confers a protective effect on short term in patients with severe sepsis. ConclusionThe L/P ratio appears to be a good and earlier predictor regarding hyperlactatemia and/or hypopyruvatemia. The evaluation of L/P over time is more important, with its ratio > 25 on 4 hrs posterior to hospital admission as the cut-off point associated with higher mortality.
WDFY3 cell autonomously controls neuronal migration
Authors: Schaaf Zachary , Tat Lyvin , Cannizzaro Noemi , Green Ralph , Rülicke Thomas , Hippenmeyer Simon , Zarbalis Konstantinos
Published: February 2022

Background Proper cerebral cortical development depends on the tightly orchestrated migration of newly born neurons from the inner ventricular and subventricular zones to the outer cortical plate. Any disturbance in this process during prenatal stages may lead to neuronal migration disorders (NMDs), which can vary in extent from focal to global. Furthermore, NMDs show a substantial comorbidity with other neurodevelopmental disorders, notably autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Our previous work demonstrated focal neuronal migration defects in mice carrying loss-of-function alleles of the recognized autism risk gene WDFY3. However, the cellular origins of these defects in Wdfy3 mutant mice remain elusive and uncovering it will provide critical insight into WDFY3-dependent disease pathology . MethodsHere, in an effort to untangle the origins of NMDs in Wdfy3lacZ mice, we employed mosaic analysis with double markers (MADM). MADM technology enabled us to genetically distinctly track and phenotypically analyze mutant and wild type cells concomitantly in vivo using immunofluorescent techniques. ResultsWe revealed a cell autonomous requirement of WDFY3 for accurate laminar positioning of cortical projection neurons and elimination of mispositioned cells during early postnatal life. In addition, we identified significant deviations in dendritic arborization, as well as synaptic density and morphology between wild type, heterozygous, and homozygous Wdfy3 mutant neurons in Wdfy3-MADM reporter mice at postnatal stages. Limitations While Wdfy3 mutant mice have provided valuable insight into prenatal aspects of ASD pathology that remain inaccessible to investigation in humans, like most animal models, they do not a perfectly replicate all aspects of human ASD biology. The lack of human data makes it indeterminate whether morphological deviations described here apply to ASD patients. Conclusions﻿Our genetic approach revealed several cell autonomous requirements of Wdfy3 in neuronal development that could underly the pathogenic mechanisms of WDFY3-related ASD conditions. The results are also consistent with findings in other ASD animal models and patients and suggest an important role for Wdfy3 in regulating neuronal function and interconnectivity in postnatal life.
miR-211-3p enhances induction chemotherapy insensitivity by upregulating CSF2/CCL20/TNF signaling in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Lingwa , Wang Ru , Huang Tianqiao , Yang Yifan , Feng Ling , Fang Jugao
Published: February 2022

Purpose To investigate the potential mechanisms of miR-211-3p on induction chemotherapy (IC) sensitivity in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC).Methods qRT-PCR was assessed to compare the miR-211-3p expression between IC sensitive and insensitive tumor tissues. The MTT assay was performed to analyze cell proliferation and viability to paclitaxel after alteration of miR-211-3p. Flow cytometry assay was conducted to explore cell apoptosis. Transwell assay was used to explore the effect of miR-211-3p on cell migration. Transcriptome sequencing was then performed to select differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after over-expression of miR-211-3p. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were conducted to annotate DEGs. PPI analysis was conducted to screen candidate genes. The differential expression and survival status of candidate genes were further validated in TCGA-HNSCC data. The single sample GSEA method was used to investigate the association between downstream genes and immune cell infiltration.Results MiR-211-3p was up-regulated in IC insensitive larynx-hypopharyngeal tumor tissues. Over-expression of miR-211-3p promoted cell proliferation and migration, and inhibited apoptosis. The IC50 value of miR-211-3p overexpression (OE) group was significantly higher than negative control (NC) group treated with paclitaxel, suggesting miR-211-3p enhanced IC insensitivity in HSCC. We found 778 DEG after over-expression of miR-211-3p and 11 significant genes were then identified. Finally, CSF2 and CCL20 were validated to be significantly high expressed and associated with poorer overall survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, which were involved in TNF signaling pathway and then regulated immune cell infiltration.Conclusion The miR-211-3p could promote HSCC progression and upregulates CSF2/CCL20/TNF signaling to promote IC insensitivity in HSCC, which may provide new ideas for HSCC therapy.
Antimicrobial Activities and Antioxidant Properties of Bacillus Mojavensis I4 Lipopeptides and Application in the Biocontrol of Potato Dry Rots Caused by Fusarium Solani
Authors: Ghazala Imen , Charfeddine Safa , Charfeddine Mariam , Gargouri Radhia , Ellouze Semia , Haddar Anisssa
Published: February 2022

Lipopeptides are diverse metabolites produced by various bacterial and fungal genera known for their antimicrobial and surfactant activities with diverse environmental, pharmaceutical application and also agronomic applications as biocontrol agents. In this study, the presence of NRPS genes in Bacillus mojavensis I4 was confirmed by PCR and this bacterial strain could produce diverse lipopeptides which belonged to fengycin, and surfactin families. The antioxidant activity of I4 biosurfactants was determined through four different in vitro assays. Furthermore, antimicrobial activity assays indicated that I4 lipopeptides exhibited marked inhibitory activity against several bacterial and fungal strains. The I4 lipopeptides were effective in the biocontrol of Fusarium solani that causes potato dry rot disease. Preventive treatment decreased the fungi penetration by almost 80 % after 15 days. This finding suggested promising application of I4 lipopeptides in potato tuber storage.
An Enhanced Rsa Algorithm For Data Security Using Gaussian Interpolation Formula
Authors: Dawson John Kwao , Twum Frimpong , Acquah James Benjamin Hayfron , Ayawli Beklisi Kwame
Published: February 2022

Data security is a crucial concern that ought to be managed to help protect vital data. Cryptography is one of the conventional approaches for securing data and is generally considered a fundamental data security component that provides privacy, integrity, confidentiality, and authentication. In this paper, a hybrid data security algorithm is proposed by integrating traditional RSA and Gaussian Interpolation formulas. The integration raises the security strength of RSA to the fifth degree. The Gaussian First Forward Interpolation is used to encrypt the ASCII values of the message after which the traditional RSA is used to encrypt and decrypt the message in the second and third levels. The last stage employs Gaussian Backward Interpolation to decrypt the data again. The integration helps to cater to the factorization problem of the traditional RSA. Comparative analysis was performed using four different algorithms; RSA, SRNN, 2-Key pair algorithms, and the proposed algorithm. It is proven that when the data size is small the encryption and decryption times are lower for the proposed algorithm but higher when the data size is big.
Preclinical Evaluation of Endoscopic Placement of a Steroid-eluting Metal Stent in an In Vivo Porcine Benign Biliary Stricture Model
Authors: Jang Sung Ill , Fang Sungsoon , Nahm Ji Hae , Cho Jae Hee , Do Min Young , Lee Su Yeon , Jeong Seok , Lee Don Haeng , Lee Dong Ki
Published: February 2022

Treatment of benign biliary strictures (BBS) using fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMS) has a high success rate, but recurrence can occur. Corticosteroids may be useful based on their anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the safety and efficacy of corticosteroid-eluting FCSEMS in an animal model. BBSs were created by radiofrequency ablation in 12 mini-pigs. Four weeks later, FCSEMS coated with 0 mg (control), 15 mg (steroid 1x group), or 30 mg (steroid 2x group) triamcinolone were inserted endoscopically. The in vitro drug release assay revealed that the optimal stent had 15 mg of triamcinolone and a hydrophilic membrane. No transmural necrosis or perforation occurred in any animal. Fibrous wall thickness tended to decrease macroscopically and microscopically in a triamcinolone dose-dependent manner (control vs. steroid 2x group: 773.1 vs. 468.5 µm, P = 0.037). Thickness also decreased over time in the steroid 2x group (3 days vs. 4 weeks: 907.9 vs. 468.5 µm, P = 0.025). Blood parameters tended to improve after stent insertion. In a porcine BBS model, steroid-eluting FCSEMS showed potential as a safe and effective treatment modality to reduce fibrotic tissue. Studies are required to confirm their safety and efficacy in humans with refractory BBS.