bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role Of Trusting Beliefs In Predicting Online Purchase Intentions
Authors: Komara Edi
Published: December 2020

Consumer behavior in every country, especially developing countries, must be different from consumer behavior in developed countries. This is a challenge faced by online shopping platforms to enter the Indonesian market by developing a new culture in terms of online shopping, as well as fostering trust in consumers in the products offered in order to attract consumer purchases. The success of a company in this case is e-commerce, namely the trust that is felt so that consumers have an interest in buying. Five marketplaces, namely Shopie, Bukalapak, Tokopedia, Lazada, and Blibi.com as providers of online product sales vendors from abroad must build trust that can be trusted for consumers, especially millennial consumers, in making transactions through online which causes consumer purchase interest, especially millennial consumers. Who are close to the development of the internet and receive new information in conducting online transactions.The design of this study uses an explanative analysis method by taking samples and questionnaires as the main tools, with the criteria of millennial consumer respondents, knowing products sold from abroad, and never product transactions from abroad. The data collected in this study were 110 respondents. By using the analysis technique of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).The results showed that Uncertainty Avoidance had a negative and insignificant effect on Trusting Beliefs; Price Fairness had a positive and significant effect on Trusting Beliefs. Firm's Reputation has a positive and significant effect on Trusting Beliefs, and Trusting Beliefs has a positive and significant effect on Purchase Intention.
Распространение идеологии тюркского единства
Authors: Худайбердиева Н. Х.
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматривается вопрос распространения идеологии пантюркизма после распада Советского Союза. Восстановление идеологии пантюркизма в конце XX–XXI вв. связано с попытками Турции консолидировать этническое самосознание тюркских народов для формирования эффективного сотрудничества в политике, экономике и культуре, а также создания единого (интегрированного) пространства на основе существующего у этих народов родства с перспективой реализации совместных коммуникационных, энергетических и гуманитарных проектов. Цель статьи: изучение тенденций распространения идеологии тюркского единства. Автор работы на основе источников, анализа турецкой, российской, казахстанской историографии раскрывает особенности современного состояния тюркского единства, применение идеологии пантюркизма во внешней политике Турции. В центре внимания лежит исследование вопросов сотрудничества и сплочения тюркских стран – Турции, Азербайджана, Казахстана, Кыргызстана, Таджикистана, Узбекистана. Автор приходит к выводу, что сегодня в распространении идеологии тюркского единства наиболее заинтересованы Турция, Азербайджан, Казахстан и Кыргызстан. Исследование по вопросу распространения идеологии тюркизма представляет практический интерес, может быть использовано для формирования пособий по истории международных отношений. Достигнуть поставленных целей и задач стало возможным благодаря использованию общенаучных и специально-исторических методов исследования. Полученные результаты представляют большой интерес для дальнейшего изучения развития идеологии тюркизма.
Ketahanan Penenun Songket Bima Dalam Memenuhi Kehidupan
Authors: Nurnazmi Nurnazmi , Ida mawaddah Ida mawaddah
Published: December 2020

Disharmonis dalam rumah tangga menyebabkan perpisaha atau perceraian dan salah satu pasangan hidup meninggal dunia. Secara otomatis bahwa seorang ibu  yang akan menjadi ibu rumah tangga, dan bertanggung jawab memenuhi fungsi keluarga terutama berbagai fungsi kebutuhan dalam hal mempertahankan hidup. Kebutuhan-kebutuhanhidupyangakandipenuhiolehpenenunsongket,antaralain: kebutuhan ekonomi (fisiologis), kebutuhan akan rasa aman dan perlindungan (proteksi), kebutuhan akan rasa kasih sayang (afeksi), kebutuhan harga diri dan kebutuhan aktualisasi diri. Kebutuhan yang mendasar untuk mempertahankan hidup yakni kebutuhan ekonomi (fisiologis), pemenuhan kebutuhan ekonomi belum tentu masuk dalam standar hidup sejahtera, ini terealisasi terdapat 165 penenun di Kelurahan Rabdompu Barat Kecamatan Raba Kota Bima yang profesi penenun ini belum masuk dalam jenis pekerjaan (Pengrajin industri rumah tangga tidak ada pada Profil Kelurahan Rabadompu Barat Kecamatan Raba Kota Bima Provinsi NTB Tahun 2017-2018). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan Ketahanan Penenun Songket Bima dalam Memenuhi Kehidupan (Studi Single Parents dalam Keluarga Inti (conjugal family) di Kelurahan Rabadompu Barat Kecamatan Raba Kota Bima).

Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian deskripsi. Sumber data yakni informan utama 22 orang dan informan pendukung 3 orang dengan menggunakan teknik sampling purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data antara lain observasi non-partisipan, wawancara terstruktur dan mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Pengujian keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber data, triangulasi teknik pengumpulan data dan triangulasiwaktu.

Penenun wanita memiliki peran penting dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, terlebih disaat penenun memiliki peran ganda seprti singel parents, permasalah ini sesuai dengan data tahun 2019 yakni jumlah penenun yang suaminya meninggal dunia 15 orang, bercerai 6 orang, pisah ranjang 1 orang, dan berstatus istri kedua 1 orang. Tanggungan dalam keluarga bukan saja pada keluarga kecil (nuclear family) tetapi pada keluarga besar (extended family). Selain penghasilan dari menenun, pendapatannya bersumber dari mempercepat proses produksi, buruh tanu, baby sister, asisten rumah tangga, pedagang kaki lima (PKL), penyanyi daerah (rawa mbojo), profesi mengane, kader posyandu dan kader KB, dan gaji khusus janda bagi suami yangPNS.
Mathematical module based on islamic values as a development of contextual teaching and learning (CTL)
Authors: Lestari Dewi , Komarudin Komarudin , Mujib Mujib , Mardiyah Mardiyah
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan modul matematika berbasis nilai-nilai keislaman dan CTL pada materi himpunan. Jenis penelitian yang dipakai yaitu jenis penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development/R&D) menurut Borg and Gall dalam Sugiyono. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah: interviu, kuesioner dan tes. Instrumen yang digunakan peneliti adalah: Instrumen Wawancara, Instrumen Angket, Instrumen Angket Respon Peserta Didik. Adapun teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah analisis data kualitatif dan kuantitatif deskriptif.  Kelayakan/kevalidan meraih poin rerata 3,6 sesuai kategori “Valid” oleh para validator ahli materi, Validasi oleh para ahli media meraih poin rerata 3,7 sesuai kategori “Valid", serta validasi ahli agama Islam meraih poin rerata 3,5 sesuai kategori “Valid”.  Hasil respon peserta didik pada modul yang dikembangkan meraih kriteria “Sangat Menarik”. Sehingga disimpulkan modul matematika yang dikembangkan meraih kategori layak/valid serta menarik untuk dijadikan sebagai sumber belajar pada proses belajar mengajar matematika.
PENINGKATAN KEINOVATIFAN GURU MELALUI PENGUATAN KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK DAN LEARNING ORGANIZATION
Authors: Usmayadi Dedi , Hardhienata Soewarto , Hidayat Nandang
Published: December 2020

IMPROVING TEACHER INNOVATIVITY THROUGH STRENGTHENING PEDAGOGIC COMPETENCIES AND LEARNING ORGANIZATIONSThis study is intended to determine how teachers’ innovativeness can be improved by examining the relationship between teacher innovativeness with pedagogical competency variables and learning organizations The study was conducted using correlational statistical methods to determine whether pedagogical competency variables and learning organization have a positive relationship with teacher innovation. Based on these results, an analysis is then performed using the Sitorem Method to derive recommendations and determining the order of priority improvements that need to be implemented. The study was conducted to the government official teachers of  State Vocational School located in Bogor Regency where the total study population was 184 and the sample taken was 126 teachers. The results showed  that there was a positive relationship between pedagogical competence and teacher innovativeness where the relationship strength ry1 = 0.7655 and there was a positive relationship between learning organization and teacher innovativeness where the relationship strength ry2 = 0.2671. This proved that teacher innovation might be improved through strengthening the  pedagogical competencies and learning organizations.
Virtual environments and meaningful english language learning as second language L2 in high school students: a case study
Authors: Barreno Avila Enrique Mauricio , Egüez Mayorga Mayra Cristina
Published: December 2020

The research focused on analyzing the virtual environments’ elements and their influence on the English language’ significant learning in students aged 15 to 16 years of high school fifth year of an Educational Institution in the Ambato city, Ecuador. Current educational practices impose changes and challenges necessary for the improvement of the teaching-learning process, which networked applications become learning places such as: "Edmodo". The virtual environment’ main components analyzed are: content management, planning and mapping of the curriculum, participation and administration of students, communication and collaboration, communication in real time. On the other hand, the activities to generate meaningful learning must involve and support combinations of: active, constructive, intentional, authentic and cooperative learning. This information was collected through the survey technique, raised both towards the authorities, teachers and students. Subsequently, the statistical analysis of Chi square was used to detect significant results. Thus, these results showed that most of the students exhibit a lack of knowledge on virtual environments and consider that the use of this alternative educational pedagogical technology would help to improve the Meaningful Learning process in students.
Actividad turística y su relación con la gentrificación en el centro histórico de Quito
Authors: Oviedo Costales María Soledad , Llugsha Guijarro Victor Elías , Ocaña Zambrano Walter Omar
Published: December 2020

El Municipio del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito creó dos Zonas Especiales para el Turismo (ZET), a través de la ordenanza municipal Nº 236 del 2012, estableciéndolas en los espacios con mayor concentración de oferta turística: el Centro Histórico y el barrio de La Mariscal, con el fin de fomentar y promocionar la actividad turística de estas zonas, mediante un plan de gestión que regule las actividades en el territorio. En este marco, se realiza una investigación sobre gentrificación y turismo en el Centro Histórico de Quito, cuyo análisis se realiza a través de la revisión bibliográfica de distintas políticas de fomento de la actividad turística y del catastro de emprendimientos de servicios turísticos que son parte del sector, y su relación con la ocupación del suelo urbano en esta zona de la ciudad. Las razones para dicho análisis, residen en el hecho de que las políticas implementadas por el gobierno local, no parecen haber podido impedir los cambios significativos que trae consigo la actividad turística, sin afectar la calidad de vida de los habitantes tradicionales del Centro Histórico. Combinando información de tipo cualitativo y cuantitativo, se identificaron los planes y programas efectuados para dinamizar la actividad turística, y la evolución de emprendimientos relacionados con la prestación de servicios turísticos. A través de este estudio, se puede dimensionar de qué manera la actividad turística ha generado políticas y emprendimientos de alto nivel en la ZET Centro Histórico de Quito, y cómo estos han afectado a su población a través del desplazamiento.
Sistema experto para la SGTI en la empresa Sion Global Solutions
Authors: Flores Zafra David , Gardi Melgarejo Victoria
Published: December 2020

En la empresa, se determinó que el nivel de madurez, en relación a la ejecución de los sistemas, es imperfecto, porque hay poca confianza, un menor nivel de eficiencia, y los lapsus resaltan lo acordado. En este sentido, el objetivo de la investigación fue demostrar en qué medida un sistema experto mejora la Gestión de Servicios de TI en la Sion Global Solution Company en el tiempo esperado, los niveles de confiabilidad y la efectividad en las evaluaciones de los niveles de madurez en la gestión de servicios informáticos de la empresa Sions. La fundación del sistema se ejecutó bajo la unión de la metodología CommonKADS y SCRUM por dos aspectos destacables, que fue la reconstrucción del conocimiento y alcance del proyecto. La metodología utilizada sostiene que el enfoque cuantitativo permite la verificación de la variable que se ejecutó a través de los números que correspondían a tiempo, confidencialidad y efectividad. Asimismo, se utilizaron dos metodologías para diseñar el sistema y lograr resultados que verificaran la mejora del contexto, el diseño fue Pre-experimental en vista de que se trabajó con un solo grupo, la muestra fue determinada por 16 evaluaciones de empresas de tecnología en Perú. Los resultados mostraron que el sistema experto optimizó el tiempo promedio en la evaluación de los niveles de madurez en un 585%, en paralelo con el sistema habitual. De esta forma, los niveles de confiabilidad optimizaron en un 98% y la eficiencia en un 113% el volumen de respuesta, la efectividad del servicio y la práctica en las evaluaciones de administración tecnológica. Se indicó que los procesos de las fases de la administración de servicios tales como delineación, táctica, transición, trabajo y mejora perenne, contribuyen en la reducción de tiempos, costos, ampliando su funcionalidad para las organizaciones que trabajan con servicios tecnológicos como parte de la maniobra del trato. Por tanto, el sistema experto podría ser utilizado en empresas de diferentes áreas que cuenten con servicios tecnológicos, cuyo objetivo es determinar el momento actual de la asistencia y su potencial mejora en el tiempo.
Determinantes de la felicidad según los estudiantes de pre-grado durante el estado de emergencia sanitaria – Lima
Authors: Dávila Laguna Ronald Fernando , Trujillo Figueroa Wuily Franz , Carhuancho Mendoza Irma Milagros , Trujillo Hinojosa César
Published: December 2020

La investigación tuvo como objetivo establecer los determinantes de la felicidad según estudiantes de pre-grado durante el estado de emergencia sanitaria – Lima. Este se desarrolló bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, tipo sustantivo, diseño ex post facto, método hipotético deductivo. La población de estudio estuvo conformada por 1556 estudiantes, y participaron voluntariamente 308, para la recopilación de datos se aplicó una encuesta y cuestionarios on line de Escala de Felicidad para adultos de Moyano (2016), Inteligencia emocional de BarOn ICE: NA (2005) y de Engagement de Salanova y Schaufeli - UWES (Utrech Work Engagement Survey) (2016). Los datos se analizaron con el apoyo de la estadística descriptiva e inferencial con ecuaciones estructurales con el software SPSS 24 y Amos 24. Los resultados evidenciaron que predominó el nivel medio de la felicidad, el nivel alto de inteligencia emocional y engagement. Asimismo, el modelo teórico planteado fue que la inteligencia emocional y el engagement determinan la felicidad, por lo tanto, a partir del resultado obtenidos con la prueba de Chicuadrado (131.804) y el nivel de significancia de .000, se aceptó el modelo. Finalmente, se demostró que la inteligencia emocional influyó en la felicidad en un 22%, mientras que el engagement en un 36%; asimismo la inteligencia emocional se relacionó con el engagement en un 33%, en consecuencia la felicidad está determinada en un 23% por la inteligencia emocional y el engagement según los estudiantes de pre-grado durante el estado de emergencia sanitaria – Lima.
Determinación de Línea Base para el Desarrollo de Actividades Comunitarias de la Escuela de Ingeniería Automotriz de la Universidad Internacional del Ecuador extensión Guayaquil
Authors: Orellana Cruz Oscar Stalin , Jerez Mayorga Daniela Alexandra , Saltos Jácome Dave Eduardo
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este estudio es poder determinar la línea base para el desarrollo de actividades de vinculación con la comunidad en el programa denominado Laboratorio Social Chongón 2019 - 2022. El proyecto tiene como objeto incrementar el conocimiento en educación vial y ambiental entorno al uso de motos y tricimotos como medio de transporte a través de la trasferencia de conocimiento de estudiantes de la escuela de ingeniería automotriz de la universidad a los habitantes de los alrededores del Centro de Atención Municipal Integral (CAMI) de Chongón. La metodología aplicada en el estudio fue cuantitativa y se realizó mediante la toma de 40 encuestas a personas del sector por parte de estudiantes y docentes de la universidad. El estudio tuvo un carácter descriptivo no inferencial. Las preguntas fueron dirigidas a indagar sobre condiciones del sector como el nivel de señalización, accidentes (fuentes y concentración geográfica), conocimientos de leyes de tránsito, alcantarillado y servicios básicos. Esta exploración de datos se realizó a una muestra no representativa para la población del sector. Los resultados muestran un alto nivel de accidentes en el centro de Chongón ocasionados por motos donde los encuestados expresan la necesidad de que se mejore la señalética en el sector y capacitaciones que permitan aclarar los requisitos y teoría necesaria para obtener la licencia tipo A, educación vial orientada a la prevención de accidentes y seguridad industrial enfocada en el manejo de residuos. Como conclusión, se determinó la línea base para el desarrollo de actividades de vinculación comunitaria de la Escuela de Ingeniería Automotriz extensión Guayaquil dentro del programa Laboratorio Social UIDE.
Real World Vehicle Emission Factors for Black Carbon Derived from Longterm In-Situ Measurements and Inverse Modelling
Authors: Wiesner Anne , Pfeifer Sascha , Merkel Maik , Tuch Thomas , Weinhold Kay , Wiedensohler Alfred
Published: December 2020

Black carbon (BC) is one of the most harmful substances within traffic emissions, contributing considerably to urban pollution. Nevertheless, it is not explicitly regulated and the official laboratory derived emission factors are barely consistent with real world emissions. However, realistic emission factors (EFs) are crucial for emission, exposure, and climate modelling. A unique dataset of 10 years (2009–2018) of roadside and background measurements of equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentration made it possible to estimate real world traffic EFs and observe their change over time. The pollutant dispersion was modelled using the Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM). The EFs for eBC are derived for this specific measurement site in a narrow but densely trafficked street canyon in Leipzig, Germany. The local conditions and fleet composition can be considered as typical for an inner-city traffic scenario in a Western European city. The fleet is composed of 22% diesel and 77% petrol cars in the passenger car segment, with an unknown proportion of direct injection engines. For the mixed fleet the eBC EF was found to be 48 mg km−1 in the long-term average. Accelerated by the introduction of a low emission zone, the EFs decreased over the available time period from around 70 mg km−1 to 30–40 mg km−1. Segregation into light (<3.5 t) and heavy (>3.5 t) vehicles resulted in slightly lower estimates for the light vehicles than for the mixed fleet, and one order of magnitude higher values for the heavy vehicles. The found values are considerably higher than comparable emission standards for particulate matter and even the calculations of the Handbook Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA), which is often used as emission model input.
Relation between Exercise Performance and Blood Storage Condition and Storage Time in Autologous Blood Doping
Authors: Seeger Benedikt , Grau Marijke
Published: December 2020

Professional athletes are expected to continuously improve their performance, and some might also use illegal methods—e.g., autologous blood doping (ABD)—to achieve improvements. This article applies a systematic literature review to investigate differences in the ABD methods and the related performance and blood parameters owing to different storage conditions—cryopreservation (CP) and cold storage (CS)—and different storage durations. The literature research resulted in 34 original articles. The majority of currently published studies employed CS during ABD. This contrasts to the applied storage technique in professional sports, which was mainly reported to be CP. The second outcome of the literature research revealed large differences in the storage durations applied, which were in the range of one day to 17 weeks between blood sampling and re-infusion, which might affect recovery of the red blood cell mass and thus performance outcome related to ABD. Data revealed that performance parameters were positively affected by ABD when a minimal storage duration of four weeks was adhered. This article identified a need for further research that reflect common ABD practice and its real effects on performance parameters, but also on related blood parameters in order to develop valid and reliable ABD detection methods.
A Short Review of One-Dimensional Wigner Crystallization
Authors: Ziani Niccolo , Cavaliere Fabio , Becerra Karina , Sassetti Maura
Published: December 2020

The simplest possible structural transition that an electronic system can undergo is Wigner crystallization. The aim of this short review is to discuss the main aspects of three recent experimets on the one-dimensional Wigner molecule, starting from scratch. To achieve this task, the Luttinger liquid theory of weakly and strongly interacting fermions is briefly addressed, together with the basic properties of carbon nanotubes that are required. Then, the most relevant properties of Wigner molecules are addressed, and finally the experiments are described. The main physical points that are addressed are the suppression of the energy scales related to the spin and isospin sectors of the Hamiltonian, and the peculiar structure that the electron density acquires in the Wigner molecule regime.
Wind Turbine Data Analysis and LSTM-Based Prediction in SCADA System
Authors: Delgado Imre , Fahim Muhammad
Published: December 2020

The number of wind farms is increasing every year because many countries are turning their attention to renewable energy sources. Wind turbines are considered one of the best alternatives to produce clean energy. Most of the wind farms installed supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system in their turbines to monitor wind turbines and logged the information as time-series data. It demands a powerful information extraction process for analysis and prediction. In this research, we present a data analysis framework to visualize the collected data from the SCADA system and recurrent neural network-based variant long short-term memory (LSTM) based prediction. The data analysis is presented in cartesian, polar, and cylindrical coordinates to understand the wind and energy generation relationship. The four features: wind speed, direction, generated active power, and theoretical power are predicted and compared with state-of-the-art methods. The obtained results confirm the applicability of our model in real-life scenarios that can assist the management team to manage the generated energy of wind turbines.
Bio-Efficacy of Diatomaceous Earth, Household Soaps, and Neem Oil against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae in Benin
Authors: Aniwanou Crépin T. S. , Sinzogan Antonio A. C. , Deguenon Jean M. , Sikirou Rachidatou , Stewart David A. , Ahanchede Adam
Published: December 2020

Spodoptera frugiperda was first reported in Africa in 2016 and has since become a serious threat to maize/cereal production on the continent. Current control of the pest relies on synthetic chemical insecticides, which can negatively impact the environment and promote the development of resistance when used indiscriminately. Therefore, great attention is being paid to the development of safer alternatives. In this study, several biorational products and a semi-synthetic insecticide were evaluated. Two household soaps (“Palmida” and “Koto”) and a detergent (“So Klin”) were first tested for their efficacy against the larvae under laboratory conditions. Then, the efficacy of the most effective soap was evaluated in field conditions, along with PlantNeem (neem oil), Dezone (diatomaceous earth), and Emacot 19 EC (emamectin benzoate), in two districts, N’Dali and Adjohoun, located, respectively, in northern and southern Benin. The soaps and the detergent were highly toxic t second-instar larvae with 24 h lethal concentrations (LC50) of 0.46%, 0.44%, and 0.37% for So Klin, Koto, and Palmida, respectively. In field conditions, the biorational insecticides produced similar or better control than Emacot 19 EC. However, the highest maize grain yields of 7387 and 5308 kg/ha were recorded, respectively, with Dezone (N’Dali) and Emacot 19 EC (Adjohoun). A cost-benefit analysis showed that, compared to an untreated control, profits increased by up to 90% with the biorational insecticides and 166% with Emacot 19 EC. Therefore, the use of Palmida soap at 0.5% concentration, neem oil at 4.5 L/ha, and Dezone at 7.5 kg/ha could provide an effective, environmentally friendly, and sustainable management of S. frugiperda in maize.
Nicotine Changes Airway Epithelial Phenotype and May Increase the SARS-COV-2 Infection Severity
Authors: Lupacchini Leonardo , Maggi Fabrizio , Tomino Carlo , De Dominicis Chiara , Mollinari Cristiana , Fini Massimo , Bonassi Stefano , Merlo Daniela , Russo Patrizia
Published: December 2020

(1) Background: Nicotine is implicated in the SARS-COV-2 infection through activation of the α7-nAChR and over-expression of ACE2. Our objective was to clarify the role of nicotine in SARS-CoV-2 infection exploring its molecular and cellular activity. (2) Methods: HBEpC or si-mRNA-α7-HBEpC were treated for 1 h, 48 h or continuously with 10−7 M nicotine, a concentration mimicking human exposure to a cigarette. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated by trypan blue dye exclusion and cell counting, migration by cell migration assay, senescence by SA-β-Gal activity, and anchorage-independent growth by cloning in soft agar. Expression of Ki67, p53/phospho-p53, VEGF, EGFR/pEGFR, phospho-p38, intracellular Ca2+, ATP and EMT were evaluated by ELISA and/or Western blotting. (3) Results: nicotine induced through α7-nAChR (i) increase in cell viability, (ii) cell proliferation, (iii) Ki67 over-expression, (iv) phospho-p38 up-regulation, (v) EGFR/pEGFR over-expression, (vi) increase in basal Ca2+ concentration, (vii) reduction of ATP production, (viii) decreased level of p53/phospho-p53, (ix) delayed senescence, (x) VEGF increase, (xi) EMT and consequent (xii) enhanced migration, and (xiii) ability to grow independently of the substrate. (4) Conclusions: Based on our results and on evidence showing that nicotine potentiates viral infection, it is likely that nicotine is involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity.
Investigation of Parameters Influencing Tubular-Shaped Chitosan-Hydroxyapatite Layer Electrodeposition
Authors: Mąkiewicz Mariusz , Wach Radosław A. , Nawrotek Katarzyna
Published: December 2020

Tubular-shaped layer electrodeposition from chitosan-hydroxyapatite colloidal solutions has found application in the field of regeneration or replacement of cylindrical tissues and organs, especially peripheral nerve tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, the quantitative and qualitative characterisation of this phenomenon has not been described. In this work, the colloidal systems are subjected to the action of an electric current initiated at different voltages. Parameters of the electrodeposition process (i.e., total charge exchanged, gas volume, and deposit thickness) are monitored over time. Deposit structures are investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The value of voltage influences structural characteristics but not thickness of deposit for the process lasting at least 20 min. The calculated number of exchanged electrons for studied conditions suggests that the mechanism of deposit formation is governed not only by water electrolysis but also interactions between formed hydroxide ions and calcium ions coordinated by chitosan chains.
Self-Assembly by Tridentate or Bidentate Ligand: Synthesis and Vapor Adsorption Properties of Cu(II), Zn(II), Hg(II) and Cd(II) Complexes Derived from a Bis(pyridylhydrazone) Compound
Authors: Liu Hong-Juan , Yi Rui , Chen Dong-Mei , Huang Chao , Zhu Bi-Xue
Published: December 2020

Four complexes, [Cu4L2(OCH3)2(CH3OH)2]·2H2O (1), [Zn2L2Cl4]·2H2O·2CH3OH (2), [Hg2L2Br4]·4CH3OH (3), and {[CdL2Cl2]·4H2O·4CH3OH}n (4), have been synthesized and characterized from a bis(pyridylhydrazone) ligand (L) with copper(II), zinc(II), mercury(II) or cadmium(II), respectively. Complex 1 exists as a centrosymmetric tetranuclear dimer with L as deprotonated tridentate ligand. Complexes 2 and 3 exist as centrosymmetric metallamacrocycles with L as bidentate ligand. Complex 4 exists as a 1D looped-chain coordination polymer. The thermal stabilities and vapor adsorption properties of the four complexes were investigated as well.
Tailoring Atomoxetine Release Rate from DLP 3D-Printed Tablets Using Artificial Neural Networks: Influence of Tablet Thickness and Drug Loading
Authors: Stanojević Gordana , Medarević Djordje , Adamov Ivana , Pešić Nikola , Kovačević Jovana , Ibrić Svetlana
Published: December 2020

Various three-dimensional printing (3DP) technologies have been investigated so far in relation to their potential to produce customizable medicines and medical devices. The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of tailoring drug release rates from immediate to prolonged release by varying the tablet thickness and the drug loading, as well as to develop artificial neural network (ANN) predictive models for atomoxetine (ATH) release rate from DLP 3D-printed tablets. Photoreactive mixtures were comprised of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and poly(ethylene glycol) 400 in a constant ratio of 3:1, water, photoinitiator and ATH as a model drug whose content was varied from 5% to 20% (w/w). Designed 3D models of cylindrical shape tablets were of constant diameter, but different thickness. A series of tablets with doses ranging from 2.06 mg to 37.48 mg, exhibiting immediate- and modified-release profiles were successfully fabricated, confirming the potential of this technology in manufacturing dosage forms on demand, with the possibility to adjust the dose and release behavior by varying drug loading and dimensions of tablets. DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), XRPD (X-ray powder diffraction) and microscopic analysis showed that ATH remained in a crystalline form in tablets, while FTIR spectroscopy confirmed that no interactions occurred between ATH and polymers.
Special Issue “Natural Polymers and Biopolymers II”
Authors: Caillol Sylvain
Published: December 2020

BioPolymers could be either natural polymers (polymer naturally occurring in Nature, such as cellulose or starch…), or biobased polymers that are artificially synthesized from natural resources [...]
DFT Study of Molecular and Electronic Structure of Y, La and Lu Complexes with Porphyrazine and Tetrakis(1,2,5-thiadiazole)porphyrazine
Authors: Zhabanov Yuriy A. , Ryzhov Igor V. , Kuzmin Ilya A. , Eroshin Alexey V. , Stuzhin Pavel A.
Published: December 2020

Electronic and geometric structures of Y, La and Lu complexes with porphyrazine (Pz) and tetrakis(1,2,5-thiadiazole)porphyrazine (TTDPz) were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and compared. The nature of the bonds between metal atoms and nitrogen atoms has been described using the analysis of the electron density distribution in the frame of Bader’s quantum theory of atoms in molecule (QTAIM). Simulation and interpretation of electronic spectra were performed with use of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. Description of calculated IR spectra was carried out based on the analysis of the distribution of the potential energy of normal vibrations by natural vibrational coordinates.
N-Glycan Modifications with Negative Charge in a Natural Polymer Mucin from Bovine Submaxillary Glands, and Their Structural Role
Authors: Kim Jihye , Lee Byoungju , Lee Junmyoung , Ji Minkyoo , Park Chi Soo , Lee Jaeryong , Kang Minju , Kim Jeongeun , Jin Mijung , Kim Ha Hyung
Published: December 2020

Bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) is a natural polymer used in biomaterial applications for its viscoelasticity, lubricity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. N-glycans are important for mucin stability and function, but their structures have not been fully characterized, unlike that of O-glycans. In this study, BSM N-glycans were investigated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The microheterogeneous structures of 32 N-glycans were identified, and the quantities (%) of each N-glycan relative to total N-glycans (100%) were obtained. The terminal N-acetylgalactosamines in 12 N-glycans (sum of relative quantities; 27.9%) were modified with mono- (10 glycans) and disulfations (2 glycans). Total concentration of all sulfated N-glycans was 6.1 pmol in BSM (20 µg), corresponding to 25.3% of all negatively charged glycans (sum of present N-glycans and reported O-glycans). No N-glycans with sialylated or phosphorylated forms were identified, and sulfate modification ions were the only negative charges in BSM N-glycans. Mucin structures, including sulfated N-glycans located in the hydrophobic terminal regions, were indicated. This is the first study to identify the structures and quantities of 12 sulfated N-glycans in natural mucins. These sulfations play important structural roles in hydration, viscoelasticity control, protection from bacterial sialidases, and polymer stabilization to support the functionality of BSM via electrostatic interactions.
Artifact-Free Evaluation of Choriocapillaris Perfusion in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Burnasheva Maria A. , Kulikov Alexei N. , Maltsev Dmitrii S.
Published: December 2020

In this study, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) we evaluated choriocapillaris perfusion in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) after excluding all possible artifacts caused by alterations of neurosensory retina or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). We have included 22 unilateral acute CSC patients (18 males and four females, 41.8 ± 5.7 years) and 18 healthy subjects (13 males and five females, 40.9 ± 9.7 years). The number of flow voids per 1 mm2 of scan area and percentage of flow signal area was calculated based on choriocapillaris slab of 3 × 3 mm2 OCTA scans after excluding all possible artifacts caused by alterations of neurosensory retina or RPE. The percentage of flow signal area after the exclusion of neurosensory retina and RPE alterations in the eyes of healthy individuals was higher than in CSC eyes (p = 0.006) and fellow unaffected eyes of CSC patients (p = 0.02). The number of flow voids larger than 25,000 µm2 in eyes of healthy individuals was lower than in the CSC eyes (p = 0.0006). There were no statistically significant differences in study parameters between CSC eyes and fellow eyes of CSC patients (p > 0.05). The general decrease of choriocapillaris perfusion in both eyes of CSC patients exists independently of the presence of acute disease or asymptomatic structural RPE changes.
Lightweight Chassis Design of Hybrid Trucks Considering Multiple Road Conditions and Constraints
Authors: De Shuvodeep , Singh Karanpreet , Seo Junhyeon , Kapania Rakesh K. , Ostergaard Erik , Angelini Nicholas , Aguero Raymond
Published: December 2020

The paper describes a fully automated process to generate a shell-based finite element model of a large hybrid truck chassis to perform mass optimization considering multiple load cases and multiple constraints. A truck chassis consists of different parts that could be optimized using shape and size optimization. The cross members are represented by beams, and other components of the truck (batteries, engine, fuel tanks, etc.) are represented by appropriate point masses and are attached to the rail using multiple point constraints to create a mathematical model. Medium-fidelity finite element models are developed for front and rear suspensions and they are attached to the chassis using multiple point constraints, hence creating the finite element model of the complete truck. In the optimization problem, a set of five load conditions, each of which corresponds to a road event, is considered, and constraints are imposed on maximum allowable von Mises stress and the first vertical bending frequency. The structure is optimized by implementing the particle swarm optimization algorithm using parallel processing. A mass reduction of about 13.25% with respect to the baseline model is achieved.
Analysis of Training Program in Front Office Department at Aryaduta Bali Hotel
Authors: Savitri Luh Putu Diah Ayu , I Gusti Agung Gede Witarsana  , Desak Gede Chandra Widayanthi  , I Wayan Restu Darmawan
Published: December 2020

Training program evaluation is highly necessary and important to improve the business, particularly in the hospitality business. The aim of this research is to analyze the quality of training programs held for employees in the Front Office Department at Aryaduta Bali Hotel based on the Kirkpatrick Model and finding out a possible suggestion for improvement that could be done to enhance the quality of training programs. The data for this study was obtained by distributing an online questionnaire and conducting interviews. To validate the data, testing was done through data triangulation. As a result of this study, there are 2 criteria that show that the training program needs improvements more on how to satisfy the participants and how to more effectively evaluate the program. To improve these aspects, anonymous evaluation to gather detailed and objective input from the participant is suggested to be done.
El Bildungsroman para no especialistas: Un intento de aclaración
Authors: Sammons Jeffrey L.
Published: December 2020

El artículo discute y problematiza el empleo del término “Bildungsroman”, tanto el uso indiscriminado, impreciso, que se percibe en cierta parte de la crítica norteamericana como las visiones restrictivas (y de tendencia nacionalistas) de la Germanística, producto de la canonización guillermina, que pretenden confinar el subgénero al territorio alemán. Con el fin de restaurar el contenido teórico y crítico, además de su utilidad en tanto categoría histórico-literaria, en el presente artículo se circunscribe la aplicabilidad del término Bildungsroman a las novelas que mantengan alguna relación, sea de identificación como de parodia o crítica, con el concepto humanista y temprano burgués de Bildung. De este modo, la definición propuesta abarca desde el arquetipo histórico, Los años de aprendizaje de Goethe, como las denominadas antinovelas de formación románticas hasta las novelas de Herman Hesse y Thomas Mann, ya en las primeras décadas del siglo XX.
El aprendizaje del lector. El Bildungsroman de la “época de Goethe”
Authors: Mahoney Dennis F.
Published: December 2020

A partir de una reevaluación de las primeras elucidaciones de Morgenstern sobre el término Bildungsroman,2 el artículo propone analizar el subgénero, ya no a partir del contenido de los textos o la trayectoria del héroe, sino considerando el efecto que las novelas buscan suscitar en el lector. Se caracteriza al Bildungsroman como un tipo de novela que promueve la cultivación del público e, incluso, el surgimiento de un nuevo tipo de lector, capaz de descifrar el significado de textos complejos. Para probar esta hipótesis se estudia el rol del lector implícito en las novelas de Goethe, Hölderlin, Novalis, Jean Paul, entre otros. Asimismo, el artículo reflexiona sobre el concepto de Bildung para dar cuenta de la paradoja en la que incurren las novelas de formación de la época de Goethe, escritas para educar al lector, pero destinadas, por su nivel de exigencia, a un público selecto y reducido. Sin embargo, se rescata la vigencia del Bildungsroman en la actualidad y se postula que los lectores contemporáneos, habituados a la literatura de vanguardias, están más capacitados para evaluar las reflexiones meta-ficcionales sobre la función de la literatura que el subgénero insinúa.
Fin de viaje: una novela de aprendizaje feminista o cómo se educa a la mujer para su ingreso a la sociedad
Authors: Rojas Nataly
Published: December 2020

El propósito del presente artículo es efectuar una lectura de Fin de viaje de Virginia Woolf en tanto texto que forma parte de lo que distintos teóricos coinciden en llamar novela de aprendizaje. Considerando asimismo los estudios previos que tuvieron lugar a partir de la obra de Woolf, el trabajo indaga dos cuestiones fundamentales en torno al subgénero en el que se enmarca. En primer lugar, se procura analizar cuáles son las instancias formativas que tiene que atravesar la protagonista para formarse como una ciudadana inglesa que debe ingresar a la sociedad adulta de principios del siglo XX. En segundo lugar y en relación directa con lo anterior, tiene el objetivo de pensar en qué medida puede considerarse como una novela de aprendizaje fallida –puesto que no logra el objetivo final esperado– y, además, feminista.
Aprendizagem como desajustamento: considerações sobre Resumo de Ana, de Modesto Carone
Authors: Flores Jr. Wilson José
Published: December 2020

O artigo analisa Resumo de Ana (1998), do escritor brasileiro Modesto Carone, entendendo-o como romance de aprendizagem. As situações narradas no livro estão centradas em duas personagens, Ana e Ciro, mãe e filho, e abrangem um período de cem anos da história brasileira. Para as personagens do livro, Ana em particular, a parca educação estética que alcançam acaba por operar como desajustamento, uma vez que colide com situações históricas e sociais que frustram as aspirações, ainda que moderadas, suscitadas pelo contato com a ópera, a música e com noções elementares de elegância e civilidade. Para situar a discussão, é feita uma apresentação breve do emprego da noção de Bildungsroman no Brasil, frequentemente associada à compreensão não apenas de importantes textos da literatura brasileira como também, a partir deles, dos impasses em que se enreda a própria formação do país.
A música chega primeiro: a dupla mimese musical na Estética de Lukács
Authors: Santos Deribaldo
Published: December 2020

Este artigo, de caráter teórico-bibliográfico, debate sinteticamente o tópico “La música”, presente no capítulo 14 de Estética. A peculiaridade do estético, de Georg Lukács. Com base em leitura imanente, a comunicação, apoiada no autor húngaro, parte da característica fundamental do meio homogêneo musical, ou seja, de que a música partilha da condição de possuir uma dupla mimese. O caso musical, não obstante, considera a lei básica da refiguração estética lukacsiana para as demais artes, isto é: a largura, a profundidade, a amplitude, entre outros elementos da expressão da vida, são elementos de onde a arte retira o material vital para refigurar suas obras. Em outras palavras, o material fornecido pelo mundo, na mesma medida para qualquer arte, será o solo alimentador do material vital da conformação musical. A exposição aponta, como consideração do debate apreendido, que a música – assim como as outras formas de reflexão artística – e a vida partilham de um campo comum de contato, sendo esta a fornecedora do material vivencial para que aquela possa se alçar ao patamar de provocar catarse nos viventes.
Entre novidades úteis e graciosas velharias: como a obra literária se relaciona dialeticamente à história
Authors: Basso Motta Maíra
Published: December 2020

Este texto procura analisar o romance brasileiro Quarup, escrito por Antonio Callado e publicado em 1967, a partir da análise da ambiência da Farmácia Castanho e do personagem Ramiro Castanho, elementos extremamente significativos dessa obra e que aparecem no segundo e terceiro capítulos. Tentar-se-á relacioná-los ao conceito de modernidade conservadora, ou modernidade reflexa, expressões defendidas por Darcy Ribeiro, Renato Ortiz, Antonio Candido, Roberto Schwarz, entre outros autores que serão contemplados aqui. Esta obra foi escrita em um momento conturbado do Brasil. No país, ditadura militar já instaurada, prisões, censura e o controle social eram temas reais, marcavam um regime político extremamente autoritário e violento que durou aproximadamente 20 anos. Após ler Quarup temos uma outra dimensão sobre o país, temos condições de perceber as contradições inerentes à modernidade e percebemos o porquê de o Brasil não caminhar, de fato, rumo a um progresso efetivo. Ao superar o caráter documental e se realizar de forma estética, Quarup capta a lógica de funcionamento de uma sociedade regida pela dialética entre modernização e atraso. Defendemos que Quarup capta essas contradições desse país que avança pouco e lentamente, pois, ao mesmo tempo em que tenta progredir, mantém suas raízes presas ao passado, isto é, mantém velharias, mas as ornamenta com novidades aparentemente úteis.
PENGARUH PERENDAMAN DENGAN LARUTAN NACL TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI DAN KEKERASAN VARIASI KAMPUH LAS SPESIMEN UJI TEKAN BAJA S45C
Authors: Syarief Akhmad , Dali Dali , Ramadhan Muhammad Nizar
Published: December 2020

Corrosion is a process of material damage due to chemical reactions with the environment. This study aims to determine the effect of immersion with NaCl solution on the rate of corrosion and hardness on variations of weld seam I, V and Â½ V. There are two different treatments namely those carried out immersion and without immersion for 38 days. From the test results obtained the highest value of corrosion rate that is Â½ V type seam with 0.098271 mm / y with immersion and 0.009905 mm / y without immersion. Whereas the highest hardness value is also produced by the type of seam Â½ V that is equal to 65.0 HRB (HAZ), 74.0 HRB (base metal) with immersion, 69.6 HRB (HAZ), 79.0 HRB (base metal) without soaking.
FORMATION OF THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF ANALYSIS PROFITS OF THE COMPANY
Authors: Goncharova O.
Published: December 2020

The article discusses and forms the theoretical aspects of the main directions of the analysis of enterprise profit. The components of this analysis are disclosed and their application is substantiated in order to form a system of the main directions of the analysis of enterprise profits, taking into account the indicators of the industry orientation. The object of the study of the analysis of the enterprise's profit includes the directions of analysis: the formation of profit in the context of the main activities of the enterprise and covers information on financial, investment and operating activities and the directions of analysis of the distribution and use of the enterprise's profit. The procedure for such an analysis is aimed at identifying the level of consumption of profit at the enterprise, the level of its capitalization and the form of its investment consumption. According to the period, the analysis of the profit of the enterprise is divided into preliminary analysis and the current analysis of profit. A preliminary analysis of the company's profit is understood as the procedure for calculating the expected profit with an assessment of the stage of its formation, distribution and use. The calculation of this procedure includes the analysis and assessment of investment, financial transactions and other financial transactions that have a significant impact on the formation of the financial result of an economic entity.