bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanochemical synthesis of alumina-based catalysts enriched with vanadia and lanthana for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides
Authors: Weidner Ewelina , Dubadi Rabindra , Samojeden Bogdan , Piasecki Adam , Jesionowski Teofil , Jaroniec Mietek , Ciesielczyk Filip
Published: December 2022

Novel alumina-based materials enriched with vanadia and lanthana were successfully synthesized via in situ modification using a mechanochemical method, and were applied in ammonia-induced selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides (SCR process). The synthesis was optimized in terms of the ball milling time (3 or 5 h), vanadium content (0.5, 1 or 2 wt% in the final product), and lanthanum content (0.5 or 1 wt% in the final product). Vanadium (V) oxide was immobilized on an alumina support to provide catalytic activity, while lanthana was introduced to increase the affinity of nitrogen oxides and create more active adsorption sites. Mechanochemical synthesis successfully produced mesoporous materials with a large specific surface area of 279–337 m2/g and a wide electrokinetic potential range from 60 to (− 40) mV. Catalytic tests showed that the incorporation of vanadia resulted in a very large improvement in catalytic performance compared with pristine alumina, increasing its efficiency from 14 to 63% at 400 °C. The best SCR performance, a 75% nitrogen oxide conversion rate at a temperature of 450 °C, was obtained for alumina enriched with 2 and 0.5 wt% of vanadium and lanthanum, respectively, which may be considered as a promising result.
Effects of match contextual factors on internal and external load in elite Brazilian professional soccer players through the season
Authors: Aquino Rodrigo , Guimarães Rodrigo , Junior Geraldo Oliveira Carvalho , Clemente Filipe Manuel , García-Calvo Tomas , Pulido Juan José , Nobari Hadi , Praça Gibson Moreira
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to investigate the effects of contextual match factors (quality of opposition, match outcome, change of head coach or playing style) on internal and external load in elite Brazilian professional soccer players, considering the total and effective playing time. Twenty-two professional male outfield soccer players participated in this study (age 28.4 ± 4.9 years; height 1.78 ± 0.1 cm; body mass 72.9 ± 7.1 kg). The internal (rating of perceived exertion-based load [sRPE]) and external load (distance and accelerometry-based measures) were recorded during 38 matches, over the 2021 season of the Brazilian National 1st Division League using a global position system (10 Hz) integrated with an accelerometer (200 Hz). The main results were: (i) matches played against weak opponents presented greater values of sprinting distances compared to matches against intermediate and strong opponents; (ii) players covered greater high-intensity running distances when drawing than winning the matches; (iii) matches with assistant coaches presented higher mean speed relative to effective playing time (MSEPT) compared to coach 1 and coach 2 conditions. In addition, players covered greater MSEPT and high-acceleration in matches with coach 2 vs. coach 3; (iv) finally, small positive correlations were observed between positional attack sequences and MSTPT, total distance covered, and acceleration. Coaches and practitioners should consider these results when interpreting external load variables during elite Brazilian soccer matches.
Experimental investigation of rotating nodal line of MEMS-based nonlinear multi-mode resonators
Authors: Liu Chun-You , Li Sheng-Shian
Published: December 2022

Nonlinear phenomenon is presently attracting considerable attention in the field of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). By adjusting a controllable tuning voltage, the nonlinearity of microdevices, especially on microactuators, can be precisely manipulated. To trap and separate small particles, generating a large and stable rotation force is critical in micromanipulations. Here, we report a simple and potential angular momentum cell comprising a piezoelectric MEMS-based nonlinear multi-mode resonator with integrated electrodes. A nonlinear rotating nodal line has been observed in specific frequency bands by applying a controllable low voltage of sub 5 V on a 4-port resonator made of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin films. The magnitude of the actuated voltage is Complementary-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible and easy to integrate with the circuit. Furthermore, the real-time rotation motion of the MEMS-based nonlinear multi-mode resonator is also verified by a laser doppler vibrometer (LDV) at both chirp and single input frequencies, respectively. Therefore, this angular momentum cell shows great potential in the application of micromanipulation.
Efficient co-production of EPA and DHA by Schizochytrium sp. via regulation of the polyketide synthase pathway
Authors: Ma Wang , Liu Mengzhen , Zhang Zixu , Xu Yingshuang , Huang Pengwei , Guo Dongsheng , Sun Xiaoman , Huang He
Published: December 2022

Presently, the supply of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) traditionally produced by marine fisheries will be insufficient to meet their market demand in food industry. Thus a sustainable alternative source is urgently required. Schizochytrium sp. is an ideal producer of DHA; however, its ability to co-produce DHA and EPA has not yet been proved. Herein, we first described a cobalamin-independent methionine synthase-like (MetE-like) complex, which contains independent acyltransferase and 3-ketoacyl synthase domains, independent of the traditional polyketide synthase (PKS) system. When the MetE-like complex was activated, the EPA content was increased from 1.26% to 7.63%, which is 6.06-folds higher than that in the inactivated condition. Through lipidomics, we find that EPA is more inclined to be stored as triglyceride. Finally, the EPA production was enhanced from 4.19 to 29.83 (mg/g cell dry weight) using mixed carbon sources, and the final yield reached 2.25 g/L EPA and 9.59 g/L DHA, which means that Schizochytrium sp. has great market potential for co-production of EPA and DHA.
Aging is associated with a systemic length-associated transcriptome imbalance
Authors: Stoeger Thomas , Grant Rogan A. , McQuattie-Pimentel Alexandra C. , Anekalla Kishore R. , Liu Sophia S. , Tejedor-Navarro Heliodoro , Singer Benjamin D. , Abdala-Valencia Hiam , Schwake Michael , Tetreault Marie-Pier , Perlman Harris , Balch William E. , Chandel Navdeep S. , Ridge Karen M. , Sznajder Jacob I. , Morimoto Richard I. , Misharin Alexander V. , Budinger G. R. Scott , Nunes Amaral Luis A.
Published: December 2022

Aging is among the most important risk factors for morbidity and mortality. To contribute toward a molecular understanding of aging, we analyzed age-resolved transcriptomic data from multiple studies. Here, we show that transcript length alone explains most transcriptional changes observed with aging in mice and humans. We present three lines of evidence supporting the biological importance of the uncovered transcriptome imbalance. First, in vertebrates the length association primarily displays a lower relative abundance of long transcripts in aging. Second, eight antiaging interventions of the Interventions Testing Program of the National Institute on Aging can counter this length association. Third, we find that in humans and mice the genes with the longest transcripts enrich for genes reported to extend lifespan, whereas those with the shortest transcripts enrich for genes reported to shorten lifespan. Our study opens fundamental questions on aging and the organization of transcriptomes.
An ultra-fast UV-electrochemical sensor based on Cu-MOF for highly sensitive and selective detection of ferric ions
Authors: Wu Xiaoqin , Xi Juanli , Wei Xuehong , Yin Caixia
Published: December 2022

A 2D Cu-MOF: {[CuL(H2O)]}n (Cu-1, H2L = 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene-2,5-dicarboxylic acid) was synthesized using the hydrothermal method. Cu-1 showed excellent solvent stability and was used to fabricate a UV ferric ion sensor.
Pd–Pt–Ru nanozyme with peroxidase-like activity for the detection of total antioxidant capacity
Authors: He Jian , Yang Lin , Zhang Ying , Li Ranhui , Wu Jingjun , Cao Qianqian , Li Sang , Wu Xian , Duan Yunfeng , He Dongxiu , Wang Weiguo
Published: December 2022

The trimetallic dendritic Pd–Pt–Ru (PPR) nanozyme with enhanced peroxidase-like activity was synthesized and applied for the assay of TAC in drinks and several herbs.
A heat shock protein-inhibiting molecular photothermal agent for mild-temperature photothermal therapy
Authors: Zhang Xinhao , Xue Shan-Shan , Pan Wei , Wang Hongyu , Wang Kaiye , Li Na , Tang Bo
Published: December 2022

A heat shock protein-inhibiting organic molecule with endoplasmic reticulum targeting was synthesized for mild-temperature photothermal therapy, which can enhance the efficacy of photothermal therapy and suppress the growth of tumors in mice.
Molecular cluster analysis using local order parameters selected by machine learning
Authors: Takahashi Kazuaki Z.
Published: December 2022

Local ordered structures during liquid crystal phase transitions drawn using LOPs efficiently screened by MALIO (Molecular Assembly structure Learning package for Identification of order parameters).
Phenylethynylanthracene based push–pull molecular systems: tuning the photophysics through para-substituents on the phenyl ring
Authors: Sahu Sonali , Parthasarathy Venkatakrishnan , Mishra Ashok Kumar
Published: December 2022

Tuning the photophysics of phenylethynylanthracene based push–pull molecular systems show interesting photophysical properties in some molecules with possible application potential.
Recent advances in conductive hydrogels: classifications, properties, and applications
Authors: Zhu Tianxue , Ni Yimeng , Biesold Gill M. , Cheng Yan , Ge Mingzheng , Li Huaqiong , Huang Jianying , Lin Zhiqun , Lai Yuekun
Published: December 2022

This work reviews the recent progress of multifunctional conductive hydrogels from the aspects of classifications, properties and applications, and the current challenges and the future development strategies are discussed.
Correction: A smile is all you need: predicting limiting activity coefficients from SMILES with natural language processing
Authors: Winter Benedikt , Winter Clemens , Schilling Johannes , Bardow André
Published: December 2022

Correction for ‘A smile is all you need: predicting limiting activity coefficients from SMILES with natural language processing’ by Benedikt Winter et al., Digital Discovery, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2dd00058j.
Modulation of nucleation and crystallization in PbI2 films promoting preferential perovskite orientation growth for efficient solar cells
Authors: Shao Wenlong , Wang Haibing , Ye Feihong , Wang Cheng , Wang Chen , Cui Hongsen , Dong Kailian , Ge Yansong , Wang Ti , Ke Weijun , Fang Guojia
Published: December 2022

PFAT promotes the secondary growth of PbI2 clusters and the early formation of favorable perovskite phases via a two-step sequential deposition approach.
Synthesis of controlled-particle-size boehmite for coating lithium-ion battery separators
Authors: Yang Yongyu , Tian Peng , Gao Tingting , Xu Jingang , Xu Qianjin , Pang Hongchang , Ye Junwei , Ning Guiling
Published: December 2022

In recent years, the synthesis of inorganic materials with different particle sizes and the structure–activity relationship of inorganic materials have been hot research topics in the materials chemistry field.
Labelling studies in the biosynthesis of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides
Authors: Hou Anwei , Dickschat Jeroen S.
Published: December 2022

This review summarises the recent studies on the biosynthesis of polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides and their hybrids using isotopic labelling experiments.
Phosphorus vacancies improve the hydrogen evolution of MoP electrocatalysts
Authors: Ma Hui , Yan Wensi , Yu Yanlong , Deng LiHua , Hong Zhe , Song Li , Li Lei
Published: December 2022

The generation of P vacancies on MoP and the effect of surface P vacancies on the HER performance were investigated for the first time. It was confirmed that the P vacancies indeed improve HER catalytic activities in both alkaline and acidic media.
Functionalized aliphatic polyketones with germicide activity
Authors: Araya-Hermosilla Esteban , Parlanti Paola , Gemmi Mauro , Mattoli Virgilio , Di Pietro Sebastiano , Iacopini Dalila , Granchi Carlotta , Turchi Barbara , Fratini Filippo , Di Bussolo Valeria , Minutolo Filippo , Picchioni Francesco , Pucci Andrea
Published: December 2022

Surfaces coated by polyketones bearing quaternary ammonium compounds showed excellent bactericidal properties with antibacterial rate of 99%.
Enhancement of electrochromic properties using nanostructured amorphous tungsten trioxide thin films
Authors: Kim Cheong-Ha , Kim Yu-Sung , Choi Jin-Young , Lee In-Sik , Cha Byung-Chul , Kim Dae-Wook , Lee Jewon
Published: December 2022

An amorphous nanostructured WO3 by varying nucleation density with electrolyte pH resulted in an effective intercalation/deintercalation reaction with higher CE and rapid switching.
Molybdenum-doped iron oxide nanostructures synthesized via a chemical co-precipitation route for efficient dye degradation and antimicrobial performance: in silico molecular docking studies
Authors: Shujah Tahira , Shahzadi Anum , Haider Ali , Mustajab Muhammad , Haider Afsah Mobeen , Ul-Hamid Anwar , Haider Junaid , Nabgan Walid , Ikram Muhammad
Published: December 2022

In this research, various concentrations of molybdenum (2, 4 and 6 wt%) doped Fe3O4 nanostructures (Mo-Fe3O4 NSs) were prepared via a co-precipitation technique.
Multivalent binding proteins can drive collapse and reswelling of chromatin in confinement
Authors: Guha Sougata , Mitra Mithun K.
Published: December 2022

Multivalent binding proteins can drive reswelling of collapsed chromatin beyond a critical binder concentration. This reswelling is driven by volume exclusion and entropic forces, and has implications for spatial organisation of chromatin inside the nucleus.
Correction: A long-term stable organic semiconductor photocathode-based photoelectrochemical module system for hydrogen production
Authors: Seo Sehun , Lee Jong-Hoon , Kim Yejoon , Kim Seungkyu , Yoon Chang Jae , Choi Hojoong , Lee Sanseong , Lee Kwanghee , Kim Heejoo , Lee Sanghan
Published: December 2022

Correction for ‘A long-term stable organic semiconductor photocathode-based photoelectrochemical module system for hydrogen production’ by Sehun Seo et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, 10, 13247–13253, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2TA02322A.
Mitolysosome exocytosis: a novel mitochondrial quality control pathway linked with parkinsonism-like symptoms
Authors: Bao Feixiang , Zhou Lingyan , Xiao Jiahui , Liu Xingguo
Published: December 2022

Quality control of mitochondria is essential for their homeostasis and function. Light chain 3 (LC3) associated autophagosomes-mediated mitophagy represents a canonical mitochondrial quality control pathway. Alternative quality control processes, such as mitochondrial-derived vesicles (MDVs), have been discovered, but the intact mitochondrial quality control remains unknown. We recently discovered a novel mitolysosome exocytosis mechanism for mitochondrial quality control in flunarizine (FNZ)-induced mitochondria clearance, where autophagosomes are not required, but rather mitochondria are engulfed directly by lysosomes, mediating mitochondrial secretion. As FNZ results in parkinsonism, we propose that excessive mitolysosome exocytosis is the cause.
Exploring craniofacial and dental development with microRNAs
Authors: Su Dan , Krongbaramee Tadkamol , Sun Hongli , Hong Liu , Amendt Brad A.
Published: December 2022

microRNAs (miRs) are small RNA molecules that regulate many cellular and developmental processes. They control gene expression pathways during specific developmental time points and are required for tissue homeostasis and stem cell maintenance. miRs as therapeutic reagents in tissue regeneration and repair hold great promise and new technologies are currently being designed to facilitate their expression or inhibition. Due to the large amount of miR research in cells and cancer many cellular processes and gene networks have been delineated however, their in vivo response can be different in complex tissues and organs. Specifically, this report will discuss animal developmental models to understand the role of miRs as well as xenograft, disease, and injury models. We will discuss the role of miRs in clinical studies including their diagnostic function, as well as their potential ability to correct craniofacial diseases.
Developing Social-ABI-lity: An Online Course to Support Safe Use of Social Media for Connection After Acquired Brain Injury
Authors: Brunner Melissa , Rietdijk Rachael , Avramovic Petra , Power Emma , Miao Melissa , Rushworth Nick , MacLean Liza , Brookes Anne-Maree , Togher Leanne
Published: December 2022

Purpose:

People who have an acquired brain injury (ABI) experience challenges using social media. Inversely, rehabilitation clinicians report feeling inadequately prepared to support them in its use. We aimed to develop a collaboratively designed, evidence-based online training resource to support people with an ABI to learn about using social media. Key recommendations for course design have previously been identified through a mixed methods approach, including (a) qualitative exploration of the experiences of people who use social media after ABI, (b) a scoping review to identify key features and effective teaching approaches from existing social media skills training programs.

Method:

Further design recommendations were obtained in this mixed methods study through (c) collaborative design of course content and features with 23 people, including people with living experience of ABI and other key stakeholders, and (d) a pilot trial of the course prototype with four participants who had an ABI (two men, two women; aged 28–69 years).

Results:

Training needs to be interactive, including practical components addressing online safety and wellbeing, and to explain how to use social media platforms to connect with others. The first social-ABI-lity prototype incorporated these findings. Pilot data indicated that the prototype was beneficial, with participants demonstrating small increases in social media confidence and knowledge. Areas for further refinement were also identified.

Conclusion:

The social-ABI-lity self-directed online course is the first of its kind to support people with an ABI in using social media and will be a valuable resource for rehabilitation clinicians internationally. This resource may drive sustainable changes in participation by helping people with ABI to build their social media mastery and to participate in supportive online networks.
A hybrid approach for energy‐efficient routing in IoT using duty cycling and improved ant colony
Authors: Rana Bharti , Singh Yashwant , Singh Pradeep Kumar , Ghafoor Kayhan Zrar , Shrestha Sachin
Published: December 2022

The promising technology of IoT in the fourth industrial revolution connects everything to the Internet in the digital world of the current era. Though the gigantic connectivity among things through the blend of multifarious technologies offers potential opportunities, it also increases the overhead to optimise the energy consumption in IoT networks. Energy optimisation has become the major concern in the IoT realm because of the continuous sensing of the constrained sensor nodes and data transmission to longer distances. The state‐of‐the‐art studies do not take into account the management of duty‐cycling and the process of efficient route discovery hand in hand. Also, the prevalent studies focus on the management of the sensor node's duty cycling (DC) solely instead of adaptive DC scheduling of the communication unit of the sensor node that consumes more energy during transmission. Therefore, keeping in view the existing tribulations regarding energy consumption, the authors attempt to devise an energy‐efficient routing approach using On‐Demand Duty Cycling and Ant‐Colony optimisation (DC‐ACO) for IoT. The ACO‐based routing approach is applicable in IoT networks because the ants’ environment is conceptualised as a distributed set of interconnected graph nodes. The proposed approach poses the empirical notion to manage the energy consumption of the IoT network by considering the key performance indicators (KPI) like energy consumption, packet delivery rate, average residual energy, mobility factor, distance, throughput, and network lifespan to accomplish the tangible outputs. The proposed approach is modelled using Data flow Diagrams (DFDs) and algorithms supported by results. Experimental results show significant improvement in relative throughput, network lifetime, and energy efficiency by 45%, 78%, and 68%, respectively, after simulating for successive iterations.
Radio continuum and OH line emission of high-z OH megamaser galaxies
Authors: Wu Zhongzu , Sotnikova Yu. V. , Zhang Bo , Mufakharov T. , Zhu Ming , Jiang Peng , Chen Yongjun , Shen Zhiqiang , Sun Chun , Peng Hao , Wu Hong
Published: December 2022

We present a study of the arcsecond-scale radio continuum and OH line emission of a sample of known OH megamaser (OHM) galaxies with z ≥ 0.15 using archival Very Large Array (VLA) data and also the results of our pilot Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) observations of 12 of these OHM galaxies. The arcsecond-scale resolution images show that the OH emission is distributed in one compact structure and is spatially associated with radio continuum emission. Furthermore, nearly all the components we fit are likely smaller than the beam size (∼1.4″), which indicates that the broad OH line profiles of these sources originated from one masing region or that more components are distributed on subarcsecond scales. The radio parameters, including brightness temperature, spectral index, and q-index, show no significant differences with low-redshift OHM galaxies, which have significantly lower OH line luminosities. Because these parameters are indicators of the central power sources (active galactic nucleus, starburst, or both), our results indicate that the presence of a radio active galactic nucleus in the nuclei may not be essential for the formation of OH emission. Over one-third of OHMs in this sample (6 out of 17) show possible variable features that are likely caused by interstellar scintillation due to small angular sizes. We might underestimate this value because these sources are associated with the highest OH line flux densities of this sample. The sources with low OH line flux densities might need observations with higher sensitivity so that the variabilities can be studied. These results support the compact nature of OH maser emission and a starburst origin for the OHMs in our selected sample.
Betreuung Schwerkranker und Sterbender in der stationären
Versorgung
Authors: George Wolfgang , Sitte Thomas , Weber Karsten
Published: December 2022

Die Ausgangssituation des Sterbens wird entlang der bestehenden
Sterbeortverhältnisse beschrieben. Ein Sterbeortregister fehlt in
Deutschland. Deutlich wird, dass bis heute ca. 80% aller
Bundesbürger:innen in stationärem Umfeld versterben. Nach
Ansicht verschiedener Expert:innen hat die Covid-19-Pandemie zu einem Verlust
erreichter Versorgungsqualitäten geführt. Die weiterhin
hervorragende Bedeutung einer gültigen Patienten:innenverfügung
für die letzte Lebensphase wird erkennbar.

In einem Projekt wurde die bestehende Situation, dass 20–25% der
sterbenden Pflegeheimbewohner:innen nochmals in ein Krankenhaus verlegt werden,
zum Ausgangspunkt gewählt, um geeignete Lösungen zu entwickeln.
Auch innerhalb der Krankenhäuser kommt es zu Verlegungen Sterbender,
obwohl diese sehr häufig weder pflegerisch-medizinisch noch
psycho-sozial indiziert sind. Diese beiden Verlegungsprozesse betreffen
jährlich ca. 150 000 Patienten:innen bzw. Bewohner:innen. 13
ursächliche, sich zum Teil wechselseitig beeinflussende Faktoren, wurden
entlang von Vorarbeiten empirisch und faktorenanalytisch ermittelt. Unter
Begleitung des Marburger Instituts der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der
Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (AWMF) wurden zwei
strukturiert-konsensbasierte Leitlinien entwickelt und in einer
Pflegeeinrichtung und einem Krankenhaus implementiert. Ergänzend zu
diesen Entscheidungshilfen wurden Leitfäden und Managementwerkzeuge
entwickelt, welche die Einführung unterstützen.

Als Ergebnis konnte gezeigt werden, dass es nicht nur zu einer Reduktion der
Verlegungen, sondern auch zu einer Erhöhung der
Mitarbeiter:innenzufriedenheit kam. Die Beteiligten sehen die
Möglichkeit, die Leitlinien bundesweit zu transferieren. Das
gewählte Projektmanagement, die Anpassungsmöglichkeit der
entwickelten Instrumente an regionale Bedingungen, der intersektorale,
kollaborative und kommunale Ansatz ermöglichen dies.
Infectious Crystalline Keratopathy after Penetrating Keratoplasty with Light and Electron Microscopic Examination
Authors: Berger Tim , Seitz Berthold , Bofferding Max , Flockerzi Fidelis , Schlötzer-Schrehardt Ursula , Daas Loay
Published: December 2022

Purpose To highlight the typical histological and ultrastructural features of severe infectious crystalline keratopathy (ICK) in a corneal graft, which required excimer
laser-assisted repeat penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) and to present the challenging treatment conditions associated with ICK.

Methods An 85-year-old female patient underwent PKP for secondary graft failure after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for Fuchsʼ endothelial corneal dystrophy in
the left eye. One year later, white branched opacities were observed in the superficial corneal stroma of the graft without surrounding inflammation in the left eye. The patient underwent
excimer laser-assisted repeat PKP (8.0/8.1 mm) in the left eye after prolonged refractory topical anti-infectious treatment for 1 month. The corneal explant was further examined by light and
transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Results The light microscopic examination of the corneal explant demonstrated aggregates of coccoid bacteria in the superficial and mid-stromal region that were positive for periodic
acid-Schiff (PAS) and Gram stain. The bacterial aggregates extended into the interlamellar spaces, showed a spindle-shaped appearance, and were not surrounded by an inflammatory cellular
reaction. TEM demonstrated lamellae separation within the anterior corneal stroma with spindle-shaped aggregates of bacteria, which were embedded in an extracellular amorphous matrix with
incipient calcification, being consistent with a biofilm. No inflammatory cellular reaction was evident by TEM. At discharge from hospital, the corrected visual acuity was 20/80 in the left
eye.

Conclusion ICK is often challenging due to the difficult diagnosis and treatment conditions. The refractory courses are mainly attributed to a biofilm formation, which inhibits
effective topical anti-infectious treatment. In such cases, (repeat) PKP may be necessary to completely remove the pathology, prevent recurrences, and improve vision.
Is Full-Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion Superior to Open Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Single-Level Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis? A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yin Jianjian , Jiang Xijia , Xu Nanwei , Nong Luming , Jiang Yuqing
Published: December 2022

Background In this study, we evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of full-endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for treatment of single-level lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Methods Fifty-three patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical techniques: Full endoscopic (Endo)-TLIF (n = 25) and TLIF (n = 28). Clinical efficacy was evaluated pre- and postoperatively. The operation time, operative blood loss, postoperative amount of serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK), postoperative drainage volume, postoperative hospital stay time, total cost, and operative complications were also recorded.

Results Compared with the TLIF group, the Endo-TLIF group had similar intraoperative blood loss, less postoperative increased CPK, less postoperative drainage volume, and shorter postoperative hospital stay, but longer operative time and higher total cost. The postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) scores of back and leg pain and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores significantly improved compared with the preoperative scores in both two groups; more significant improvement of postoperative VAS scores of back pain and ODI scores were shown in the Endo-TLIF group at the 1-month follow-up (p < 0.05). No difference was found in the intervertebral fusion rate between the two groups.

Conclusion The Endo-TLIF has similar clinical effect compared with the TLIF for the treatment of lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis. It also has many surgical advantages such as less muscle trauma, less postoperative back pain, and fast functional recovery of the patient. However, steep learning curve, longer operative time, and higher total cost may be the disadvantages that limit this technique. Also, the Endo-TLIF treatment of patients with bilateral lateral recess stenosis is considered a relative contraindication.
Diagnostic Accuracy and Field for Improvement of Frameless Stereotactic Brain Biopsy: A Focus on Nondiagnostic Cases
Authors: He Zhexi , Zhu Cannon Xian Lun , Chan Danny Tat Ming , Cheung Tom Chi Yan , Ng Ho-Keung , Mok Vincent Chung Tong , Poon Wai Sang
Published: December 2022

Background The diagnostic accuracy of frameless stereotactic brain biopsy has been reported, but there is limited literature focusing on the reasons for nondiagnostic cases. In this study, we evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of frameless stereotactic brain biopsy, compare it with the current international standard, and review the field for improvement.

Methods This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive, prospectively collected frameless stereotactic brain biopsies from 2007 to 2020. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the frameless stereotactic brain biopsies using defined criteria. The biopsy result was classified as conclusive, inconclusive, or negative, based on the pathologic, radiologic, and clinical diagnosis concordance. For inconclusive or negative results, we further evaluated the preoperative planning and postoperative imaging to review the errors. A literature review for the diagnostic accuracy of frameless stereotactic biopsy was performed for the validity of our results.

Results There were 106 patients with 109 biopsies performed from 2007 to 2020. The conclusive diagnosis was reached in 103 (94.5%) procedures. An inconclusive diagnosis was noted in four (3.7%) procedures and the biopsy was negative in two (1.9%) procedures. Symptomatic hemorrhage occurred in one patient (0.9%). There was no mortality in our series. Registration error (RE) and inaccurate targeting occurred in three trigonal lesions (2.8%), sampling of the nonrepresentative part of the lesion occurred in two cases (1.8%), and one biopsy (0.9%) for lymphoma was negative due to steroid treatment. The literature review suggested that our diagnostic accuracy was comparable with the published literature.

Conclusion The frameless stereotactic biopsy is a safe procedure with high diagnostic accuracy only if meticulous preoperative planning and careful intraoperative registration is performed. The common pitfalls precluding a conclusive diagnosis are RE and biopsies at nonrepresentative sites.
Synthesis of Spiro[benzofuran-2,3′-pyrazol]-3-imines from Aurone-Derived Azadienes and Hydrazonoyl Chlorides via Regio- and Diastereospecific [2+3] Cycloaddition
Authors: Askar Dilnigar , Liu Xiancheng , Obolda Ablikim , Xu Wei , Cheng Bin , Xu Yan , Wang Guixue , Wang Taimin , Zhai Hongbin
Published: December 2022

An array of spiro[benzofuran-2,3′-pyrazol]-3-imines with diverse functional groups were readily assembled from aurone-derived azadienes and in-situ generated nitrilimines under mild conditions. The transformation was performed in a regio- and diastereoselective fashion, in which a synergetic [2+3] cycloaddition pathway was likely involved. This novel methodology has extended the synthetic application of aurone-derived azadienes as a kind of two-atom synthon.
Demographic and Clinical Profile of Patients Presenting with COVID-19-Associated Rhino-orbitocerebral Mucormycosis at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Madan Siddharth , Yadav Rekha , Rohatgi Jolly , Sharma Rahul , Nasir Iffat , Saini Aarushi , Tadu Nampi , Das Gopal Krushna , Sahu Pramod Kumar , Gupta Neelima , Beri Nitika
Published: December 2022

Objectives

Individuals affected with rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increased enormously in northern India during the second wave of the novel coronavirus disease. This study determined the demographic and clinical profile including the risk factors in patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital in northern India.

Materials and Methods

This is a descriptive study involving patients admitted with COVID-19-associated ROCM and were managed from May 2021 to 20th July 2021.

Statistical Analysis

The data was analyzed using SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics 20, SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, United States) software and Microsoft Excel (Version 16.49). The chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare various outcomes. A p-value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results

One hundred and seventeen (117) patients (males: 70 [59.8%], females:47 [40.2%]) with the average age of 51.85 ± 12.80 years presented with orbital involvement. Diabetes mellitus was noted in 100 (86.2%) patients. Of the available data from the records, oxygen supplementation for the management of COVID-19 was received by 37/108 (34.3%) patients for a median average duration of 11 days. Forty-eight patients of one-hundred-seventeen (60%) patients were treated with corticosteroids with a median duration of steroid administration being 10 days. The duration between onset of symptoms related to mucormycosis and diagnosis of COVID-19 was 0 to 75 days for 48 patients. Intravenous amphotericin B was administered in all cases. External sinonasal debridement was performed in 90 of 114 (78.9%) patients, retrobulbar amphotericin B injection was administered in 56 of 117 (47.9%), and orbital exenteration was performed in 17 of 117 (14.5%) of cases.

Conclusion

Administration of corticosteroids and diabetes mellitus seem to be the major underlying causes for the development of COVID-19-associated ROCM. Prompt diagnosis and multidisciplinary management approach are essential for a reduction in mortality.
Heating an imitation bubble to focus on fluorescent bacteria
Authors: Piccone Ashley
Published: December 2022

Optical condensation and spectroscopic techniques enable the analysis of a trace amount of dilute biological substances
Wasted heat could power the Internet of Things
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: December 2022

Future microelectronics could be run by organic thermoelectric generators, enabling an expansion of the Internet of Things.
Self-regulating plasma-assisted growth of epitaxial BaBiO3 thin-film on SrTiO3-buffered Si(001) substrate
Authors: Ahmed I. , De Gendt S. , Merckling C.
Published: December 2022

The BaBiO3 perovskite oxide is an interesting material system because of its superconductivity when p-doped and the predicted topological insulating nature when n-doped. Single crystalline BaBiO3 films are grown by molecular beam epitaxy with high quality utilizing the adsorption-controlled regime, where volatile Bi is supplied in excess in the presence of oxygen radicals. BaBiO3 films are integrated on Si(001) substrates through growth on a SrTiO3(001) buffer layer. Despite the 11.77% lattice mismatch, by systematically varying growth parameters, such as plasma conditions, substrate temperature, and metallic fluxes, a growth window for the BaBiO3 is well-established. Within the optimum growth window, films are stoichiometric and of high crystalline quality based on the different physical characterization techniques. The development of robust layers is facilitated by accessing the self-regulating regime, where only the stoichiometric quantity of Bi sticks during the epitaxy.
Dynamical effects of hypergraph links in a network of fractional-order complex systems
Authors: Ramasamy Mohanasubha , Kumarasamy Suresh , Srinivasan Ashokkumar , Subburam Pavithra , Rajagopal Karthikeyan
Published: December 2022

In recent times, the fractional-order dynamical networks have gained lots of interest across various scientific communities because it admits some important properties like infinite memory, genetic characteristics, and more degrees of freedom than an integer-order system. Because of these potential applications, the study of the collective behaviors of fractional-order complex networks has been investigated in the literature. In this work, we investigate the influence of higher-order interactions in fractional-order complex systems. We consider both two-body and three-body diffusive interactions. To elucidate the role of higher-order interaction, we show how the network of oscillators is synchronized for different values of fractional-order. The stability of synchronization is studied with a master stability function analysis. Our results show that higher-order interactions among complex networks help the earlier synchronization of networks with a lesser value of first-order coupling strengths in fractional-order complex simplices. Besides that, the fractional-order also shows a notable impact on synchronization of complex simplices. For the lower value of fractional-order, the systems get synchronized earlier, with lesser coupling strengths in both two-body and three-body interactions. To show the generality in the outcome, two neuron models, namely, Hindmarsh–Rose and Morris–Leccar, and a nonlinear Rössler oscillator are considered for our analysis.
On a diffusion on finite adeles and the Feynman-Kac integral
Authors: Urban Roman
Published: December 2022

Let K be an algebraic number field. With K, we associate the ring of finite adeles AK. Following a recent result of Weisbart on diffusions on finite rational adeles AQ, we define the Vladimirov operator ΔAK on AK and define the Brownian motion on the group AK. We also consider the Schrödinger operator −HAK=−ΔAK+V with a potential operator V given by a non-negative continuous function v on AK. We prove a version of the Feynman–Kac formula for the Schrödinger semigroup generated by −HAK.
Electrolyte-gate-driven carrier density modulation and metal–insulator transition in semiconducting epitaxial CdO films
Authors: Wang Helin , Postiglione William M. , Chaturvedi Vipul , Runnerstrom Evan L. , Cleri Angela , Nordlander Josh , Maria Jon-Paul , Leighton Chris
Published: December 2022

CdO has drawn much recent interest as a high-room-temperature-mobility oxide semiconductor with exciting potential for mid-infrared photonics and plasmonics. Wide-range modulation of carrier density in CdO is of interest both for fundamental reasons (to explore transport mechanisms in single samples) and for applications (in tunable photonic devices). Here, we thus apply ion-gel-based electrolyte gating to ultrathin epitaxial CdO(001) films, using transport, x-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy to deduce a reversible electrostatic gate response from −4 to +2 V, followed by rapid film degradation at higher gate voltage. Further advancing the mechanistic understanding of electrolyte gating, these observations are explained in terms of low oxygen vacancy diffusivity and high acid etchability in CdO. Most importantly, the 6-V-wide reversible electrostatic gating window is shown to enable ten-fold modulation of the Hall electron density, a striking voltage-induced metal–insulator transition, and 15-fold variation of the electron mobility. Such modulations, which are limited only by unintentional doping levels in ultrathin films, are of exceptional interest for voltage-tunable devices.
Electromechanical grain boundary model with formation mechanism in polycrystalline ferroelectrics
Authors: Lou Xuhui , Hou Xu , Chen Yujun , Wang Jianxiang , Yang Shengyou , Fan Haidong , Wang Jie , Tian Xiaobao
Published: December 2022

Grain boundaries (GBs) are transitional, defective, and anisotropic interfaces between adjacent grains with different orientations. However, most models assume that the GB is an isotropic dielectric determined by itself and lacks formation information; these assumptions hinder the theoretical investigation of the effect GBs have on polycrystalline ferroelectrics at the mesoscopic scale. Here, a novel GB model based on the formation mechanism is established for ferroelectric polycrystals. It has been found that the Curie–Weiss temperature range, elastic coefficient, and permittivity of GBs are related to the orientation of adjacent grains and the polarization state. The shielding effect, polarization enhancement, domain continuity, and spontaneous polarization on the GBs are obtained in mesoscopic simulations based on this model. In addition, the proportion of GBs can significantly affect the electric field distribution in grains. It provides a mechanistic explanation for the relationship between the coercive electric field and the proportion of GBs in the previous experiment. By achieving a better mesoscopic description of GBs, the GB model proposed in this work provides an effective investigation tool for electromechanical, electrocaloric, and energy storage of polycrystalline functional materials.
Molecular dynamics study of liquid–vapor transition in underwater electrical wire explosion
Authors: Liu Zhigang , Xu Cong , Fu Yangyang , Wang Peng , Zou Xiaobing , Wang Xinxin
Published: December 2022

During underwater electrical wire explosion, liquid–vapor transitions are crucial to the energy deposition and the generation of shock waves. To explore the characteristics of liquid–vapor transition during electrical explosions in water, a large-scale molecular simulation method was designed. The modeling scales experimental exploding wires to nano-size and then tracks the motion of each atom. The surrounding water medium was simplified as an expanding wall, whose velocity was determined by experimental steak images. Using this model, the phase transition processes at different energy deposition rates were compared. The results show that high energy deposition rates can make the discontinuous liquid–vapor phase transition disappear, forming an axially uniform vapor column, while slow energy injection will change the exploding wire into a foamlike liquid–vapor mixture at a subcritical temperature. The different shapes of wire–water interfaces in the experimental shadowgraphs can be explained by these features of liquid–vapor transition.
The spatiotemporal coupling in delay-coordinates dynamic mode decomposition
Authors: Bronstein Emil , Wiegner Aviad , Shilo Doron , Talmon Ronen
Published: December 2022

Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a leading tool for equation-free analysis of high-dimensional dynamical systems from observations. In this work, we focus on a combination of DMD and delay-coordinates embedding, which is termed delay-coordinates DMD and is based on augmenting observations from current and past time steps, accommodating the analysis of a broad family of observations. An important utility of DMD is the compact and reduced-order spectral representation of observations in terms of the DMD eigenvalues and modes, where the temporal information is separated from the spatial information. From a spatiotemporal viewpoint, we show that when DMD is applied to delay-coordinates embedding, temporal information is intertwined with spatial information, inducing a particular spectral structure on the DMD components. We formulate and analyze this structure, which we term the spatiotemporal coupling in delay-coordinates DMD. Based on this spatiotemporal coupling, we propose a new method for DMD components selection. When using delay-coordinates DMD that comprises redundant modes, this selection is an essential step for obtaining a compact and reduced-order representation of the observations. We demonstrate our method on noisy simulated signals and various dynamical systems and show superior component selection compared to a commonly used method that relies on the amplitudes of the modes.
A novel garnet-type high-entropy oxide as air-stable solid electrolyte for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Kuo Chun-Han , Wang Ai-Yin , Liu Hao-Yu , Huang Shao-Chu , Chen Xiang-Rong , Chi Chong-Chi , Chang Yu-Chung , Lu Ming-Yen , Chen Han-Yi
Published: December 2022

Li-ion batteries are considered prospective candidates for storage systems because of their high energy density and long cycling life. However, the use of organic electrolytes increases the risk of explosion and fire. Hence, all-solid-state Li-ion batteries have attracted considerable attention because the use of solid electrolytes avoids the combustion of electrolytes and explosions, and enhances the performance of batteries. Garnet-type oxides are commonly used solid electrolytes. The common Ta-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 can react easily with CO2 and H2O in air, and its ionic conductivity decays after contact with air. In this study, a novel garnet-type, high-entropy oxide, Li6.4La3Zr0.4Ta0.4Nb0.4Y0.6W0.2O12 (LLZTNYWO), is successfully synthesized as a solid electrolyte for Li-ion batteries,using a conventional solid-state method. Ta, Nb, Y, and W are used as substitutes for Zr, which significantly increase conductivity, have high stability in air, and a lower sintering temperature. LLZTNYWO achieves higher Li-ion conductivity at 1.16 × 10−4 S cm−1 compared to mono-doped Li6.6La3Zr1.6Ta0.4O12 (6.57 × 10−5 S cm−1), Li6.6La3Zr1.6Nb0.4O12 (2.19 × 10−5 S cm−1), and Li6.2La3Zr1.6W0.4O12 (1.16 × 10−4 S cm−1). Additionally, it exhibits higher ionic conductivity compared to equimolar Li5.8La3Zr0.4Ta0.4Nb0.4Y0.4W0.4O12 (1.95 × 10−5 S cm−1). The Li-ion conductivity of LLZTNYWO remains constant for 30 days in the atmosphere without decay, thereby revealing its excellent air stability. Furthermore, LLZTNYWO exhibits a remarkable electrochemical window of up to 6 V vs Li/Li+ and excellent electrochemical stability against Li metal after cycling at 0.1 mA·cm−2 for 2 h, which indicates that it is a promising solid electrolyte for Li-ion batteries.
Surface-limited reactions for spatial control of kinesin–microtubule motility assays using indirect irradiation of an electron beam
Authors: Miyazako Hiroki , Kawamura Ryuzo , Hoshino Takayuki
Published: December 2022

Gliding of microtubules (MTs) on kinesins has been applied to lab-on-a-chip devices, which enable autonomous transportation and detection of biomolecules in the field of bioengineering. For rapid fabrication and evaluation of the kinesin–MT based devices, optical control techniques have been developed for control of kinesin activity and density; however, use of caged molecules lacks spatial controllability for long-term experiments, and direct irradiations of UV light onto kinesin-coated surfaces are inherently damaging to MTs due to their depth limit since the heights of the kinesin–MT systems are at the tens of a nanometer scale. Considering surface electric fields in electrolytic solutions are shielded at the nanometer scale due to Debye shielding, in this study, we show that fine spatial control of kinesin density and activity is enabled using surface-limited electrochemical reactions induced by indirect irradiations of an electron beam (EB). An EB is indirectly irradiated onto the kinesins through a 100-nm-thick silicon nitride membrane, and the electrons scattered in the membrane can cause localized electrochemical effects to the kinesins. We show that these localized electrochemical effects cause both ablation of kinesins and motility control of kinesin activity by changing the EB acceleration voltage. In particular, the latter is achieved without complete ablation of MTs, though the MTs are indirectly irradiated by the EB. As a demonstration of on-demand control of gliding MTs, we show the accumulation of the MTs on a target area by scanning the EB. The proposed accumulation technique will lead to rapid prototyping of microdevices based on MT–kinesin motility assay systems.