bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nano silicated-FeAl2O4 functionalized by DL-alaninium nitrate ionic liquid (FeAl2O4-SiO2@[DL-Ala][NO3]) as versatile promotor for aqua-mediated synthesis of spiro[chromenopyrazole-indene-triones and spiro[chromenopyrazole-indoline-diones
Authors: Molaei Yielzoleh Fatemeh , Nikoofar Kobra
Published: July 2024

In this work, the spinel FeAl2O4 was prepared and functionalized step-by-step with silica and alaninium nitrate ionic liquid ([DL-Ala][NO3]) to produce a bio-based multi-layered nanostructure (nano FeAl2O4-SiO2@[DL-Ala][NO3]). The obtained magnetized inorganic-bioorganic nanohybrid characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. A facile synthesis of some tricyclic dihydro-spiro[chromeno[2,3-c]pyrazole-4,2′-indene]triones and dihydro-spiro[chromeno[2,3-c]pyrazole-4,3′-indoline]diones via domino four-component one-pot reaction of various hydrazine derivatives, ethyl acetoacetate, heterocyclic 1,2-ketones (ninhydrin, isatin, 5-bromoisatin) and cyclic 1,3-diketones (dimedone and 1,3-cyclohexanedine), examined in the presence of nano FeAl2O4-SiO2@[DL-Ala][NO3] nanohybrid in refluxing aqueous media, successfully. The multi-aspect characteristics of the nanohybrid which consist of magnetized inorganic and bioorganic parts, could be the reason of its special catalytic efficacy. The recovery and reusability of the FeAl2O4-SiO2@[DL-Ala][NO3] magnetized nanoparticles (MNPs) were performed in two runs without significant activity loss.
Fabrication, characterization and numerical validation of a novel thin-wall hydrogel vessel model for cardiovascular research based on a patient-specific stenotic carotid artery bifurcation
Authors: Shiravand Ashkan , Richter Kevin , Willmann Pia , Eulzer Pepe , Lawonn Kai , Hundertmark Anna , Cattaneo Giorgio
Published: July 2024

In vitro vascular models, primarily made of silicone, have been utilized for decades for studying hemodynamics and supporting the development of implants for catheter-based treatments of diseases such as stenoses and aneurysms. Hydrogels have emerged as prominent materials in tissue-engineering applications, offering distinct advantages over silicone models for fabricating vascular models owing to their viscoelasticity, low friction, and tunable mechanical properties. Our study evaluated the feasibility of fabricating thin-wall, anatomical vessel models made of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel (PVA-H) based on a patient-specific carotid artery bifurcation using a combination of 3D printing and molding technologies. The model’s geometry, elastic modulus, volumetric compliance, and diameter distensibility were characterized experimentally and numerically simulated. Moreover, a comparison with silicone models with the same anatomy was performed. A PVA-H vessel model was integrated into a mock circulatory loop for a preliminary ultrasound-based assessment of fluid dynamics. The vascular model's geometry was successfully replicated, and the elastic moduli amounted to 0.31 ± 0.007 MPa and 0.29 ± 0.007 MPa for PVA-H and silicone, respectively. Both materials exhibited nearly identical volumetric compliance (0.346 and 0.342% mmHg−1), which was higher compared to numerical simulation (0.248 and 0.290% mmHg−1). The diameter distensibility ranged from 0.09 to 0.20% mmHg−1 in the experiments and between 0.10 and 0.18% mmHg−1 in the numerical model at different positions along the vessel model, highlighting the influence of vessel geometry on local deformation. In conclusion, our study presents a method and provides insights into the manufacturing and mechanical characterization of hydrogel-based thin-wall vessel models, potentially allowing for a combination of fluid dynamics and tissue engineering studies in future cardio- and neurovascular research.
Fibroblast growth factor 23 inhibition attenuates steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head through pyroptosis
Authors: Fang Lun , Zhang Gang , Wu Yadi , Li Hao , Li Zhongzhe , Yu Beilei , Wang Bin , Zhou Lu
Published: July 2024

Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) is the predominant cause of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Impaired blood supply and reduced osteogenic activity of the femoral head are the key pathogenic mechanisms of SONFH. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels are not only a biomarker for early vascular lesions caused by abnormal mineral metabolism, but can also act directly on the peripheral vascular system, leading to vascular pathology. The aim of this study was to observe the role of FGF23 on bone microarchitecture and vascular endothelium, and to investigate activation of pyroptosis in SONFH. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with methylprednisolone (MPS) was applied for SONFH mouse models, and adenovirus was used to increase or decrease the level of FGF23. Micro-CT and histopathological staining were used to observe the structure of the femoral head, and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the vascular density. The cells were further cultured in vitro and placed in a hypoxic environment for 12 h to simulate the microenvironment of vascular injury during SONFH. The effect of FGF23 on osteogenic differentiation was evaluated using alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining and expression of bone formation-related proteins. Matrigel tube formation assay in vitro and immunofluorescence were used to detect the ability of FGF23 to affect endothelial cell angiogenesis. Steroids activated the pyroptosis signaling pathway, promoted the secretion of inflammatory factors in SONFH models, led to vascular endothelial dysfunction and damaged the femoral head structure. In addition, FGF23 inhibited the HUVECs angiogenesis and BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. FGF23 silencing attenuated steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by inhibiting the pyroptosis signaling pathway, and promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and angiogenesis of HUVECs in vitro.
A comparative study for ferro particles cloaking and wetting characteristics
Authors: Hassan Ghassan , Yilbas Bekir Sami , Abubakar Abba Abdulhamid , Al-Sharafi Abdullah , Al-Qahtani Hussain
Published: July 2024

Ferro hydrophobic particles possess essential properties for controlling the behavior of suspended substances in water. By adjusting the concentration of these particles, the magnetic force within the fluid carrier can be modified, leading to the emergence of distinct flow structures and patterns on the water's surface. This study examines the cloaking phenomenon exhibited by different ferroparticle conditions, employing both experimental and numerical approaches. Under the magnetic influence, hydrophilic particles can attain cloaking velocities of up to 35 mm/s, while hydrophobic particles remain unaffected by the magnetic force, remaining suspended on the water's surface. Hydrophobization of ferroparticles not only decreases their water-cloaking ability but also alters their magnetic properties. The inherent hydrophobic nature of these particles enhances water surface stability, rendering them valuable in various applications, including biomedical and self-cleaning technologies. This research holds particular significance for manipulating suspended particles in water, particularly in biomedical applications like drug delivery and tissue engineering, as well as for advancing self-cleaning technologies.
Groundwater inputs could be a significant but often overlooked source of phosphorus in lake ecosystems
Authors: Lisboa M. Sol , Schneider Rebecca L. , Rudstam Lars G. , Walter M. Todd
Published: July 2024

Freshwater lakes are severely threatened, due largely to excess inputs of nutrients and other contaminants. Phosphorus (P) is receiving renewed attention due to recent increases in toxic cyanobacteria blooms in lakes worldwide. We investigated groundwater seepage for its role in P loading dynamics at Oneida Lake, New York, USA—one of the most well-studied lakes globally. P loading was measured at representative sites along the 88 km shoreline over three summers by directly measuring groundwater flow using seepage meters and porewater samplers. Groundwater seepage was a continuous and significant source of dissolved P over the summer months, comparable to tributary sources to the lake during that time. This constant input has enriched the concentrations of P in the nearshore surface waters, significantly above levels in the pelagic zone. Pore Total Phosphorus (TP) concentrations and loads reached extremely high values (up to 100 mg/L), with inorganic P representing only ~ 10% of TP per site. Groundwater seepage flows and P loadings were highly variable across space and time, partially explained by adjacent land uses and precipitation. Our research concludes that groundwater seepage is a significant, but overlooked, source of dissolved P and a crucial factor driving summer primary production at Oneida Lake, and likely other temperate lakes.
Performance and eye movement patterns of industrial design students reading sustainable design articles
Authors: Mao Yongchun , Han Yanjun , Li Puhong , Si Chengming , Wu Dan
Published: July 2024

Sustainable design education plays a crucial role in cultivating sustainability awareness and competencies among students studying industrial design. This research investigates their sustainability levels, reading performance when engaging with articles, and fixation patterns during reading. 60 industrial design students participated in the study. We evaluated their sustainability levels using the Sustainable Consumption Measurement Scale. After reading both theoretical and case article, they completed tests assessing their recall and perspective scores. We collected eye-tracking data to analyze fixation duration and conducted lag sequential analysis on fixation transitions. Students were categorized into higher and lower sustainability groups based on their sustainability scores. Female students demonstrated higher sustainability levels, and students with design experience performed better in the higher sustainability group. While recall scores did not differ significantly, the higher sustainability group exhibited elevated perspective scores in theory article. Perspective scores were generally higher for case article compared to theory article. The higher sustainability group exhibited longer fixation durations in theory article, while the case article had longer fixation durations on images. Fixation transition patterns varied between theoretical and case article, with the former featuring transitions from images to texts, and the latter demonstrating transitions between images. This study provides valuable insights into sustainable design education for students studying industrial design.
Quality of life of dermatology outpatients and its associated factors in Halibet National Referral Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea
Authors: Tewelde Tomas , Abdu Nuru , Weldemariam Dawit G. , Bereket Natnael , Russom Mulugeta , Tesfamariam Eyasu H.
Published: July 2024

Skin diseases are prevalent globally and can have detrimental effects on the individual’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The treatment of dermatological patients typically focuses on clinical signs and symptoms and a subjective view of the impact of the disease on the patient’s life. Assessing quality of life can help provide patients with better service, by acknowledging their real needs and interfering with treatment decisions. The aim of the study was therefore to assess quality of life of dermatology outpatients and its associated factors. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the dermatology clinic of Halibet National Referral Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea. HRQoL data were collected between May 6 and August 18, 2022 using a validated standard tool (Skindex-29). Descriptive statistics, logistic regression and paired t-test were employed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (Version-26.0). A total of 375 dermatology clinic out-patients with a median age of 29 (Interquartile range: 25) were included in the study. The most commonly seen skin diseases were eczema, seborrhoeic dermatitis and tinea pedis. Emotion, symptom, and functioning domains of HRQoL were severely impaired in 75.7%, 50.4% and 57.6% of all dermatology outpatients, respectively. More than half of the respondents (57.9%) had a severely impaired overall HRQoL. In the overall HRQoL, being a rural resident [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 1.98, 95% CI 1.18, 3.33] and presence of chronic illness (AOR 2.16, 95% CI 1.22, 3.82) were significantly associated with severely impaired overall quality of life. A significantly higher mean score (p < 0.001) was observed in emotion [Mean (M) = 55.60, Standard Deviation (SD) = 21.0] as compared to functioning (M = 46.89, SD = 21.2). On the other hand, significantly higher mean score (p < 0.001) was observed on symptom (M = 54.08, SD = 20.5) as compared to functioning (M = 46.89, SD = 21.2). Skin diseases severely affected the emotion, functioning, and symptom domains of health-related quality of life. This highlights the importance of providing physical and psychosocial support to patients with dermatologic problems.
Detecting depression severity using weighted random forest and oxidative stress biomarkers
Authors: Bader Mariam , Abdelwanis Moustafa , Maalouf Maher , Jelinek Herbert F.
Published: July 2024

This study employs machine learning to detect the severity of major depressive disorder (MDD) through binary and multiclass classifications. We compared models that used only biomarkers of oxidative stress with those that incorporate sociodemographic and health-related factors. Data collected from 830 participants, based on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score, inform our analysis. In binary classification, the Random Forest (RF) classifier achieved the highest Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.84 when all features were included. In multiclass classification, the AUC improved from 0.84 with only oxidative stress biomarkers to 0.88 when all characteristics were included. To address data imbalance, weighted classifiers, and Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) approaches were applied. Weighted random forest (WRF) improved multiclass classification, achieving an AUC of 0.91. Statistical tests, including the Friedman test and the Conover post-hoc test, confirmed significant differences between model performances, with WRF using all features outperforming others. Feature importance analysis shows that oxidative stress biomarkers, particularly GSH, are top ranked among all features. Clinicians can leverage the results of this study to improve their decision-making processes by incorporating oxidative stress biomarkers in addition to the standard criteria for depression diagnosis.
Posttraumatic headache: pain related evoked potentials (PREP) and conditioned pain modulation (CPM) to assess the pain modulatory function
Authors: Jessen Julia , Höffken Oliver , Schwenkreis Peter , Tegenthoff Martin , Özgül Özüm Simal , Enax-Krumova Elena
Published: July 2024

Posttraumatic headache (PTH) is common following traumatic brain injury and impacts quality of life. We investigated descending pain modulation as one possible mechanism for PTH and correlated it to clinical measures. Pain-related evoked potentials (PREP) were recorded in 26 PTH-patients and 20 controls after electrical stimulation at the right hand and forehead with concentric surface electrodes. Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) was assessed using painful cutaneous electric stimulation (PCES) on the right hand as test stimulus and immersion of the left hand into 10 °C-cold water bath as conditioning stimulus based on changes in pain intensity and in amplitudes of PCES-evoked potentials. All participants completed questionnaires assessing depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophising. PTH-patients reported significantly higher pain ratings during PREP-recording in both areas despite similar stimulus intensity at pain threshold. N1P1-amplitudes during PREP and CPM-assessment were lower in patients in both areas, but statistically significant only on the hand. Both, PREP-N1-latencies and CPM-effects (based on the N1P1-amplitudes and pain ratings) were similar in both groups. Patients showed significantly higher ratings for anxiety and depression, which did not correlate with the CPM-effect. Our results indicate generalized hyperalgesia for electrical stimuli in both hand and face in PTH. The lacking correlation between pain ratings and EEG parameters indicates different mechanisms of pain perception and nociception.
Promoting safety of underground machinery operators through participatory ergonomics and fuzzy model analysis to foster sustainable mining practices
Authors: Sakinala Vikram , Paul P. S. , Fissha Yewuhalashet
Published: July 2024

One of the most vital parameters to achieve sustainability in any field is encompassing the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) of the workers. In mining industry where heavy earth moving machineries are largely employed, ergonomic hazards turn out to be significant OHS hazards causing Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in the operators. Nevertheless, the Indian mining industry lacks a comprehensive technique of OHS risk assessment, especially for ergonomic hazards that cause MSDs. This research appraises ergonomic hazards and develops Fuzzy Musculoskeletal-disorders Index (FMI) model to evaluate ergonomic-related MSDs. Work process and work tool ergonomic risk factors were identified through literature review and directives recommended by experts. Work posture was evaluated using RULA. The data-collecting approach was implemented using participatory ergonomic and design science principles. The FMI results show average MSDs score of 3.69, indicating high to extremely high risk. Surface plots show that combined work tool and work process was the most sensitive factors to MSDs risk compared to other two combinations. A two-sample t-test validated the FMI. The findings should help safety experts and managers develop effective OHS management plans and programmes for the sustainability of Indian mining industry.
Experimental system and method of aerobic thermal environment simulation based on laser heating
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Li Bin , Li Shengwu , Gao Sihao , Shen Yanlong , Wang Dahui , Yang Pengling
Published: July 2024

Considering the superior luminous intensity characteristics of lasers, a thermal simulation platform employing laser-induced heating in an aerobic environment was developed. Achieving a uniformly distributed flat-topped square laser beam output was facilitated through optical fibre bundling techniques, while precise control over laser power output was attained through current modulation. Utilising the aforementioned system, thermal shock simulation experiments were conducted in an aerobic environment, subjecting two types of high-temperature-resistant composites, namely C/C and C/SiC, to temperatures up to 1800 °C. These composites were lightweight, heat-resistant materials designed for hypersonic vehicle applications. The results show that the system and method can be used to simulate high temperatures, rapid temperature increases, and thermal shocks on C/C composite materials, with minimal variation in the coupling coefficient under aerobic conditions. The system and method can also provide key technology support for thermal-force-oxygen coupling testing of high temperature resistant materials.
Collective dynamics and pair-distribution function of active Brownian ellipsoids in two spatial dimensions
Authors: Bröker Stephan , te Vrugt Michael , Wittkowski Raphael
Published: July 2024

While the collective dynamics of spherical active Brownian particles is relatively well understood by now, the much more complex dynamics of nonspherical active particles still raises interesting open questions. Previous work has shown that the dynamics of rod-like or ellipsoidal active particles can differ significantly from that of spherical ones. Here, we obtain the full state diagram of active Brownian ellipsoids in two spatial dimensions without hydrodynamic interactions depending on the Péclet number and packing density via computer simulations. The system is found to exhibit a rich state behavior that includes cluster formation, local polar order, polar flocks, and disordered states. Moreover, we obtain numerical results and an analytical representation for the pair-distribution function of active ellipsoids. This function provides useful quantitative insights into the collective behavior of active particles with lower symmetry and has potential applications in the development of predictive theoretical models.
Reduced adipocyte glutaminase activity promotes energy expenditure and metabolic health
Authors: Lecoutre Simon , Maqdasy Salwan , Rizo-Roca David , Renzi Gianluca , Vlassakev Ivan , Alaeddine Lynn M. , Higos Romane , Jalkanen Jutta , Zhong Jiawei , Zareifi Danae S. , Frendo-Cumbo Scott , Massier Lucas , Hodek Ondrej , Juvany Marta , Moritz Thomas , de Castro Barbosa Thais , Omar-Hmeadi Muhmmad , López-Yus Marta , Merabtene Fatiha , Abatan Jimon Boniface , Marcelin Geneviève , El Hachem Elie-Julien , Rouault Christine , Bergo Martin O. , Petrus Paul , Zierath Juleen R. , Clément Karine , Krook Anna , Mejhert Niklas , Rydén Mikael
Published: July 2024

Glutamine and glutamate are interconverted by several enzymes and alterations in this metabolic cycle are linked to cardiometabolic traits. Herein, we show that obesity-associated insulin resistance is characterized by decreased plasma and white adipose tissue glutamine-to-glutamate ratios. We couple these stoichiometric changes to perturbed fat cell glutaminase and glutamine synthase messenger RNA and protein abundance, which together promote glutaminolysis. In human white adipocytes, reductions in glutaminase activity promote aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative capacity via increases in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α abundance, lactate levels and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling. Systemic glutaminase inhibition in male and female mice, or genetically in adipocytes of male mice, triggers the activation of thermogenic gene programs in inguinal adipocytes. Consequently, the knockout mice display higher energy expenditure and improved glucose tolerance compared to control littermates, even under high-fat diet conditions. Altogether, our findings highlight white adipocyte glutamine turnover as an important determinant of energy expenditure and metabolic health.
Evaluating the near- and long-term role of carbon dioxide removal in meeting global climate objectives
Authors: Ganti Gaurav , Gasser Thomas , Bui Mai , Geden Oliver , Lamb William F. , Minx Jan C. , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Gidden Matthew J.
Published: July 2024

The 6th Assessment Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change lacked sufficient land-sector scenario information to estimate total carbon dioxide removal deployment. Here, using a dataset of land-based carbon dioxide removal based on the scenarios assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we show that removals via afforestation and reforestation play a critical near-term role in mitigation, accounting for around 10% (median) of the net greenhouse gas emission reductions between 2020 and 2030 in scenarios that limit warming to 1.5 °C with limited overshoot. Novel carbon dioxide removal technologies such as direct air carbon capture and storage scale to multi-gigatonne levels by 2050 and beyond to balance residual emissions and draw down warming. We show that reducing fossil fuel and deforestation emissions (gross emissions) accounts for over 80% of net greenhouse gas reductions until global net zero carbon dioxide (CO2) independent of climate objective stringency. We explore the regional distributions of gross emissions and total carbon dioxide removal in cost-effective mitigation pathways and highlight the importance of incorporating fairness and broader sustainability considerations in future assessments of mitigation pathways with carbon dioxide removal.
Implementing the analogous neural network using chaotic strange attractors
Authors: Kesgin Bahadır Utku , Teğin Uğur
Published: July 2024

Machine learning studies need colossal power to process massive datasets and train neural networks to reach high accuracies, which have become gradually unsustainable. Limited by the von Neumann bottleneck, current computing architectures and methods fuel this high power consumption. Here, we present an analog computing method that harnesses chaotic nonlinear attractors to perform machine learning tasks with low power consumption. Inspired by neuromorphic computing, our model is a programmable, versatile, and generalized platform for machine learning tasks. Our mode provides exceptional performance in clustering by utilizing chaotic attractors’ nonlinear mapping and sensitivity to initial conditions. When deployed as a simple analog device, it only requires milliwatt-scale power levels while being on par with current machine learning techniques. We demonstrate low errors and high accuracies with our model for regression and classification-based learning tasks.
CK-666 and CK-869 differentially inhibit Arp2/3 iso-complexes
Authors: Cao LuYan , Huang Shaina , Basant Angika , Mladenov Miroslav , Way Michael
Published: July 2024

The inhibitors, CK-666 and CK-869, are widely used to probe the function of Arp2/3 complex mediated actin nucleation in vitro and in cells. However, in mammals, the Arp2/3 complex consists of 8 iso-complexes, as three of its subunits (Arp3, ArpC1, ArpC5) are encoded by two different genes. Here, we used recombinant Arp2/3 with defined composition to assess the activity of CK-666 and CK-869 against iso-complexes. We demonstrate that both inhibitors prevent linear actin filament formation when ArpC1A- or ArpC1B-containing complexes are activated by SPIN90. In contrast, inhibition of actin branching depends on iso-complex composition. Both drugs prevent actin branch formation by complexes containing ArpC1A, but only CK-869 can inhibit ArpC1B-containing complexes. Consistent with this, in bone marrow-derived macrophages which express low levels of ArpC1A, CK-869 but not CK-666, impacted phagocytosis and cell migration. CK-869 also only inhibits Arp3- but not Arp3B-containing iso-complexes. Our findings have important implications for the interpretation of results using CK-666 and CK-869, given that the relative expression levels of ArpC1 and Arp3 isoforms in cells and tissues remains largely unknown.
AuNPs-BP-MWCNTs-COOH-based electrochemical immunosensor for the determination of deoxynivalenol in wheat flour
Authors: Li Weiqiang , Liu Xiaoxue , He Pianpian , Hu Wentao , Tang Kaijie , Wen Yangping , Zeng Qian , Tang Huiyi , Lei Yaxuan , Liu Xin
Published: July 2024

An electrochemical immunosensor is developed for highly-sensitive and selective detection of DON in wheat flour using AuNPs-BP-MWCNTs-COOH and antibody.
High ionic conduction in a robust anionic metal–organic framework containing Mg2+ under guest vapors
Authors: Niwa Shintaro , Hashimoto Shuhei , Chen Duotian , Toyao Takashi , Shimizu Ken-ichi , Sadakiyo Masaaki
Published: July 2024

Crystalline Mg2+-containing MOF was synthesized through an ion exchange reaction. It showed high ionic conductivity under the vapor of small guest molecules at ambient temperature.
An examination of the impact of unmelted, melted, and deconstructed cheese on lipid metabolism: a 6-week randomised trial
Authors: O'Connor Aileen , Rooney Martina , Dunne Simone , Bhargava Nupur , Matthews Caroline , Yang Shuhua , Zhou Sitong , Cogan Adam , Sheehan Jeremiah J. , Brodkorb André , Noronha Nessa , O'Sullivan Michael , O'Riordan Dolores , Feeney Emma L. , Gibney Eileen R.
Published: July 2024

An RCT investigating the effect of deconstructing the cheese matrix by melting on cardio-metabolic health.
Metal-free thiol-Michael addition for hydrogen bond-rich poly(dimethyl siloxane) networks with improved electromechanical properties and self-healing capabilities
Authors: Ramah Pavle , Yu Liyun , Daugaard Anders Egede , Skov Anne Ladegaard
Published: July 2024

Novel use of thiol-Michael addition enables metal-free cross-linking of PDMS, enhancing self-healing and dielectric properties.
Porous ceria materials for efficient direct conversion of carbon dioxide and methanol to dimethyl carbonate
Authors: Yang Zhuxian , Zheng Justin Tay , Lu Xinhuan , Lin Monica Mengdie , Cai Dongming , Wang Yankun , Yu Wen-Yueh , Zhu Yanqiu , Xia Yongde
Published: July 2024

A porous CeO2 catalyst produced via a simple and low temperature approach achieves a high dimethyl carbonate formation rate of 14.8 mmol g−1 h−1 at 5.0 MPa and 140 °C due to the superimposition of a number of properties of the catalyst.
Highly regio- and stereoselective (3 + 2) annulation reaction of allenoates with 3-methyleneindolin-2-ones catalyzed by a planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane-based bifunctional phosphine–phenol catalyst
Authors: Kitagaki Shinji , Nakayoshi Tomoki , Masunaka Sota , Uchida Akane , Inano Mai , Yoshida Emika , Washino Yusuke , Aoyama Hiroshi , Yoshida Keisuke
Published: July 2024

A chiral cyclophane-based phosphine efficiently catalyzes the (3 + 2) annulation of allenoate and methyleneindolinones to afford spirooxindoles in high selectivities.
Single laser activated photodynamic/photothermal cancer therapy using a single mitochondria-targeted phototherapeutic agent with aggregation-induced emission characteristics
Authors: Li Yanbin , Li Xiaoyu , Cao Xiaohan , Xu Jiashuai , Zhao Xiaowei , Lu Hongguang
Published: July 2024

OPTM as an efficient mitochondria-targeted agent can be successfully employed for the synergistic cancer phototherapy under single laser irradiation.
Multiscale simulations reveal the driving forces of p53C phase separation accelerated by oncogenic mutations
Authors: Yu Yawei , Liu Qian , Zeng Jiyuan , Tan Yuan , Tang Yiming , Wei Guanghong
Published: July 2024

Cancer-related M237I and R249S mutations disrupt the zinc-binding domain and loop L3, destabilize p53C, and thus accelerate its LLPS and fibrillization.
Thermal approaches based on microwaves to recover lithium from spent lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Cornelio A. , Zanoletti A. , Scaglia M. , Galli E. , La Corte D. , Biava G. , Bontempi E.
Published: July 2024

The coupling of carbon materials with magnetic materials, available in the black mass of spent lithium-ion batteries results in a high microwave-absorbing material.
Cation exchange improves the efficiency and stability of the n-doping of π-conjugated polymers
Authors: Li Jingyu , Deng Sihui , Hu Junli , Liu Yichun
Published: July 2024

The cation exchange facilitated the redox doping reaction between BBL and TDAE, and inhibited the dedoping reaction related with diffusion of TDAE species, thus significantly improving the efficacy and stability of n-doping.
Size-segregated characteristics of bioaerosols during foggy and non-foggy days of winter, meteorological implications, and health risk assessment
Authors: Vishwakarma Yogesh Kumar , Ram Kirpa , Gogoi Mukunda Madhab , Banerjee Tirthankar , Singh Ram Sharan
Published: July 2024

Fog is a common atmospheric event in northern India.
Exploring Interactive Songs as a Vocabulary Input Context
Authors: Grissom Alaina , Finke Erinn H.
Published: July 2024

Purpose:

Interactive songs are a common shared activity for many families and within early childhood classrooms. These activities have the potential to be rich sources of vocabulary input for children with and without language impairments. However, little information is known about the how caregivers currently provide input for different types of vocabulary during these activities. The purpose of this research note is to provide preliminary information on how caregivers provide input related to verbs within an interactive song activity.

Method:

Observations of caregivers engaging in song activities with their child were collected. The gestures used during the interactions were coded.

Results:

The results show that, when given examples, caregivers provide gestural input both frequently and consistently.

Conclusions:

Clinical implications and future directions for exploring songs as an intervention context are discussed.
Reduction of losses in dual‐permanent‐magnet‐excited Vernier machine by segmented stator for electric aircraft
Authors: Ji Jinghua , Jia Chen , Zhao Wenxiang , Ling Zhijian , Zeng Yu , Li Zongwang
Published: July 2024

The authors present a low‐loss dual‐permanent‐magnet‐excited vernier (DPMEV) machine with segmented stator design to meet the requirements of low iron loss of electric aircraft based on the field modulation theory. The stator topology features and losses of both the original and segmented DPMEV machines are comparatively investigated. Then, the armature air‐gap flux density is deduced by the magnetic motive force‐permeance model, and the influence of each harmonic on the losses are analysed. It is found that the harmonic which produces losses in the original machine reduced greatly after introducing the segmented structure. Furthermore, the electromagnetic performances of two DPMEV machines are comparatively analysed by finite element analysis. Finally, two prototypes of the original and segmented DPMEV machines are built and tested to verify the theoretical analysis.
Features of the demand for specialists in the labor market in the sphere of physical education and sports of the Russian Federation
Authors: Vorobev Sergei Alexeevich , Tsareva Anna Vladislavovna , Breider Natalia Andreevna
Published: July 2024

The present investigation aims to evaluate the labor market indicators and qualitative characteristics of the need for specialists in the physical culture and sports industry of the Russian Federation. This study based on the analyze of official government statistics about staff persons in the physical culture and sports and data gathered from a questionnaire survey of organizations operating in the physical culture and sports in 59 regions of the Russian Federation. “Saint-Petersburg scientific-research institute for physical culture” (SPbNIIFK) carried out the survey in 2023 with the participation of 674 state and municipal organizations. The survey conducted using specialized software and a survey web service created by SPbNIIFK’s employees to collect, process, and analyze the data. The research revealed regional differences and indicators of the labor market with the identification of trends in demand for specific qualifications. The collected data may be used to support government and municipal management on personnel policy issues, to create suggestions for employers on attracting skilled personnel, inform job seekers and employees in the physical education and sports about trends in demand for various specialties, and to improve their market labor competitiveness.
Additional demand for specialists in physical culture and sport
Authors: Schennikova Marina Yurievna , Vishnyakova Julia Yurievna , Ovsyuk Tatyana Mikhailovna , Schennikov Anton Nikitich
Published: July 2024

Modern accents in the development of regions of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 in terms of improving the quality of life of the country’s population, expanding opportunities for the implementation of health-saving technologies in organizations implementing activities in the field of physical culture and sport have been reflected in the results of a survey of the information-analytical system “SM KADRY-FKiS” and survey web-service created by the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Physical Culture (St. Petersburg). The priority of such specialties as “coaching teacher”, “instructor”, “instructor-methodist”, “coaching teacher in adaptive physical culture and adaptive sports” for employing organizations in the regions of the Russian Federation became obvious. The interest of the respondent organizations in employees with higher education in the field of physical culture and sports is determined. The article presents examples of additional demand for expanding the range (list) of specialties (positions) in the field of physical culture and sports, primarily related to the increase in the number of new sports facilities in the regions or reconstructed facilities, which in turn require the formation / expansion of the staff number of employees. All the peculiarities identified in the regions of the Russian Federation will entail changes in the regulatory and legal support of this industry both at the regional and federal levels.
Trends of consumer preferences in the segment of private medical services in Moscow
Authors: Shashkova Nina , Lukyanova Yelena , Kazak Anatoliy , Makoveichuk Krystina , Mayorova Angela , Frolova Kristina
Published: July 2024

This scientific article analyzes the factors that influence to consumer preferences and its changes under impact of economic and financial events in the area of modern medical services at the city of Moscow. When there is made a choice of applying of paid medical services and medic institutions, the first of all Moscow residents take into account the educational level and specialization experience of senior medical personnel. According to opinions of medical services consumers the success of treatment depends on the qualifications of doctors that work at the private medic sector at Moscow. These clients are ready to spend relatively large amounts of material resources for consultations and cure by the best specialists. The Covid-19 pandemic and the political situation at the country have made changes to the consumer preferences of Muscovites. On the one hand they began to save more, and health issues became secondary ones at the most cases. On the other hand, they are still willing to invest financial resources in their health and also appearance. This explains the ranking of costs for the services of surgeons, cosmetologists and dentists. The previous financial year was marked by instability not only at the political arena, but also by high volatility of the financial market: the exchange rate of the national currency changed dramatically several times during the year. These data led to increased prices at medic centers. To maintain high level customer loyalty at private centers at Moscow they need train doctors, regularly improve their qualifications, create conditions for their additional education aimed to expanding skills and updating existing knowledge level.
Via Ferrata as an innovative technology of health-improving physical culture
Authors: Lukyanova Yelena , Shulga Marina , Kruglaya Natalia , Kazak Anatoliy , Selivanov Victor , Makoveichuk Yan , Frolova Kristina
Published: July 2024

Via ferrata is a phenomenon that has long been known in mountain tourism and is becoming increasingly widespread every year. Currently, it is increasingly developing in Russia, and its popularity is actively growing. Via ferrata is a professional term. It marks a section of the rock route equipped with special metal structures. These devices on a difficult rocky area can significantly speed up passing along the route and save energy costs to overcome it. The purpose of the study is to develop a project that includes the development of this type of sports tourism in the Black Sea regions of Russia. The objectives of the study are to study the history and recreational potential of via ferrata, as well as to develop a project and justify its effectiveness. The subject of the study, as an example, is the designed via ferrata route along a natural formation on the eastern wall of the Ai-Petri rock massif in Crimea. The scientific and practical significance of this study lies in the development of a potentially interesting project from a recreational point of view, using a natural object of the Crimean mountain forest nature reserve, as well as the presence of a technical justification for it, which can subsequently be proposed for the project implementation.
The culture of a healthy lifestyle of students in the context of distance learning and its organizational and methodological features
Authors: Shukurov Rahim Salimovich , Narzullayeva Rushana Razakovna , Husenov Nodir Nuriddinovich
Published: July 2024

The article examines the experience of higher education institutions in the transition to distance learning, the widespread implementation of electronic science and special e-courses in the context of modernization of modern education. Based on the modified Xi square table and formula, the empirical value of the three-category questionnaire answers consisting of four options was calculated. The effectiveness of the study was tested on the basis of the dynamic changes in the attitude of students of the "Elective Course" to the culture of healthy living, specially organized in the field of physical culture education Turan wrestling and its teaching methods.
Public health: Policy priorities and regulatory strategy
Authors: Arkhireyskaya Tatiana , Borisov Yan , Sokolova Anna , Sokolova Oksana
Published: July 2024

The subject of this article is the Institute of Public Health. The authors have identified trends affecting the change of approaches to public health and its regulatory mechanisms, and presented a theoretical and legal justification for the definition of public health. Using the example of Russia, the authors determined the scope of constitutional and legal regulation of public health, and formulated conclusions about the fragmentation and complexity of law-making in this area. It is proved that the implementation of social policy in the field of public health is carried out at three public legal levels: international, state and local self-government, however, their subjects of competence and powers are not balanced and systematically distributed. It is concluded that the transformation of social policy should be carried out taking into account the legal experience of the states interacting within the framework of the CIS and the EAEU.
Ecological problems and the role of ecological culture in their solution
Authors: Xaitov Lazizbek Azamatovich , Kuziyev Nodir Abdusalimovich , Rajabova Rohila Zakirovna
Published: July 2024

In the following article the recommendations on the current global environmental problems and the large-scale reforms being implemented to eliminate them, work related to ensuring environmental stability in our region, ensuring the implementation of priority tasks defined in laws and decrees at the level of state policy, requirements for the ecological culture and education of young people, measures to preserve the ecological environment, as well as specific tasks in providing ecological education to the young generation, the laws of development of society and nature, in-depth teaching of the relationship between them and preparation of a highly enlightened person who can think modernly, the provision by the constitution the information about the environmental duties and responsibilities of citizens determined by law, and the authors discuss environmental problems and the role and development of ecological culture in solving them are presented.
Methods of communicative games to restore the psycho-physical state of young people
Authors: Azemova Aigul Askerbekovna , Zhamanakova Mairam Bolotbekovna
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the possibilities of using communicative games, the basis of which is the Kyrgyz language. Holding such games not only has a beneficial effect on the condition of young people, but also develops universal competencies. As a result of the study, several types of communicative games have been developed, which include lexical, role-playing and interactive games. The methodology of their implementation was tested in the course of a pedagogical experiment. One of the main achievements established as a result of the experiment is the development of language skills, the formation of social, cultural, professional and other competencies. The developed methods can be used in educational activities, for example, for the adaptation of foreign students when exporting Kyrgyz education.
Analysis of the circumstances of criminal cases committed in sanatorium-resort areas
Authors: Otonbaeva Rakhima Asankulovna , Smanaliev Kynatbek Moinokovich , Sydykova Zulaika Duyshekeevna
Published: July 2024

The presence of a variety of unique healing resources has made it possible to create a multifaceted system of sanatorium-resort treatment and recreation in Kyrgyzstan. The safety of treatment and recreation in places of resort and recreational status is of paramount importance, as they receive the most guests, being a business card. However, crimes are committed in such places as well. Evidence, being the core of criminal proceedings, serves as a mechanism for establishing the actual circumstances of the incident, the persons who committed the crime, the correct qualification of the deed and, as a result, the issuance of a lawful, reasonable and fair verdict. The article provides statistics compiled on the basis of the data of the country's law enforcement agencies, which shows the dynamics of the growth of crime of certain categories of persons.
The influence of therapeutic exercise on housekeeping
Authors: Dautov Yalkun
Published: July 2024

The processes that ensure household management require a certain level of physical fitness and restorative physical education. All this affects the content of the work, its quality and frequency. Accordingly, the dynamics of incomes of such households depends on this. The basis for the study was the change in the level of household income in the Kyrgyz Republic for the period from 2017 to 2021, taking into account the socio-economic development of the regions, the possibility of organizing sanatorium recreation. The methodology of the study is used to describe factor incomes (remuneration for hired labor, profit from entrepreneurial activity, interest on capital and rent from (i.e. from a land plot) and their percentage in the total mass of all incomes of the population.
Psychological and pedagogical factors in the formation of students' healthy lifestyle
Authors: Mambetalieva Satkyn Cholponkulovna , Shabdanaliev Nurbek Amanbekovich , Sooronkulova Nazira Atakulovna , Usubalieva Bermet Musaevna
Published: July 2024

In this publication, an analysis was carried out based on socio-psychological approaches to the formation of a healthy lifestyle among students. Mental health and physical health are deeply connected, with studies showing that an improvement or decline in one can lead to an improvement or decline in the other. In this article the socio-psychological and pedagogical approaches were considered. The differences from other existing methods are presented. During the analysis, the results were made on the influence of self-regulation and psychological well-being, as well as other factors that contribute to the formation of a healthy lifestyle. The works of such theorists as N.M. Amosov, S.O. Baigaziev, B.Zhusueva, M.A. Bekezhanov are indicated. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions are presented on the influence of socio-psychological factors on healthy behavior, as well as a proposal for a comprehensive study of a healthy lifestyle using other methods.