bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence Trends in Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer in Young Adults: A Nationwide Time-Trend Analysis Using 2001–2019 US Cancer Statistics Databases
Authors: Liang Jeff , Rastegar Ryan , El Helou Mohamad , Mathur Kushagra , Larson Brent K. , Waters Kevin , Vasireddy Anila , Randhawa Navikran , Mubarak Muhammad , Advani Rashmi , Osipov Arsen , Gong Jun , Hendifar Andrew , Liu Quin , Park Kenneth H. , Watson Rabindra , Pandol Stephen J. , Lo Simon , Gaddam Srinivas
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancers, comprising malignancies of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, liver, biliary tract, and gallbladder, are the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States and are associated with significant comorbidities. Recent studies show a disproportionate rise in pancreatic and stomach cancer among young adults. This study aims to use a nationwide, population-based cohort to (i) evaluate the trend of all UGI cancer as an aggregate and (ii) examine the role of demographics, histology, and tumor stage in UGI cancer incidence among young adults.

METHODS:

Individuals diagnosed with UGI cancer in the United States from 2001 to 2019 were identified and obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results—National Program of Cancer Registries database. The primary outcomes were incidence rates of UGI cancer (calculated per 100,000, age-adjusted to the year 2000 US population), stratified by sex and age (< 55 years for young adults and ≥ 55 years for older adults). Trends, annual percentage change, and average annual percentage change were calculated using the parametric method. Sensitivity analysis was performed according to primary site and histology; further analysis examining race and cancer stage was performed in the young adult subgroup.

RESULTS:

A total of 2,333,161 patients with UGI cancer were identified. Most cases were male, and 14.3% were < 55 years of age. Incidence of UGI cancer increased most in women younger than 55 years, driven primarily by pancreatic and stomach cancers, as well as neuroendocrine tumor and gastrointestinal stromal tumor histology. African American race and localized tumors and malignancy with distant spread are also contributing to the disparate increase among young women. UGI mortality rates have not changed significantly in young adults.

DISCUSSION:

The overall incidence rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer is increasing significantly in young women compared with men. Increased endoscopic procedures and disparate exposure to risk factors are likely contributing to these trends.
Higher Rate of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Recurrence With Secondary Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Prophylaxis Compared With No Prophylaxis in 2 National Cirrhosis Cohorts
Authors: Silvey Scott , Patel Nilang R. , Tsai Stephanie Y. , Nadeem Mahum , Sterling Richard K. , Markley John D. , French Evan , O'Leary Jacqueline G. , Bajaj Jasmohan S.
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) bacteriology has changed over time. Reappraisal of primary SBP prophylaxis showed an increased rate of resistance in patients on primary prophylaxis with resultant discontinuation of this prophylaxis throughout the Veterans Affairs (VA). We aimed to re-evaluate the risk-benefit ratio of secondary SBP prophylaxis (SecSBPPr).

METHODS:

Using validated International Classification of Diseases
-9/10 codes, we used the VA Corporate Data Warehouse and the Non-VA National TriNetX database to identify patients in 2 different large US systems who survived their first SBP diagnosis (with chart review from 2 VA centers) between 2009 and 2019. We evaluated the prevalence of SecSBPPr and compared outcomes between those who started on SecSBPPr vs not.

RESULTS:

We identified 4,673 veterans who survived their index SBP episode; 54.3% of whom were prescribed SecSBPPr. Multivariable analysis showed higher SBP recurrence risk in those on vs off SecSBPPr (hazards ratio 1.63 [1.40–1.91], P < 0.001). This was accompanied by higher fluoroquinolone resistance odds in SecSBPPr patients (odds ratio = 4.32 [1.36–15.83], P = 0.03). In TriNetX, we identified 6,708 patients who survived their index SBP episode; 48.6% were on SecSBPPr. Multivariable analysis similarly showed SecSBPPr increased SBP recurrence risk (hazards ratio 1.68 [1.33–1.80], P < 0.001). Both data sets showed higher SBP recurrence trends over time in SecSBPPr patients. Results remained consistent at 6-month and 2-year timepoints.

DISCUSSION:

In 2 national data sets of >11,000 patients with SBP, we found that SecSBPPr was prescribed in roughly half of patients. When initiated, SecSBPPr, compared with no prophylaxis after SBP, increased the risk of SBP recurrence in multivariable analysis by 63%–68%, and this trend worsened over time. SecSBPPr should be reconsidered in cirrhosis.
Metagenomics Analysis Reveals Unique Gut Microbiota Signature of Slow-Transit Constipation
Authors: Han Kyungsun , Kuo Braden , Khalili Hamed , Staller Kyle
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Altered gut microbiota may play a role in slow-transit constipation (STC). We conducted a study of gut microbiota composition and functionality in STC using metagenomic analyses.

METHODS:

We assembled a clinical cohort of 24 patients with STC physiology age- and sex-matched to 24 controls. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing followed by prediction of metabolite composition from functional profiles.

RESULTS:

In a middle-aged (mean 55.3 years), predominantly female cohort, there were no significant differences in α-diversity indices, but permutational multivariate analysis of variance analysis showed significant between-group differences (R2 = 0.050, P < 0.001) between STC patients and controls. Gordonibacter pamelaeae, Bifidobacterium longum, Firmicutes bacterium co-abundance gene group 94, and Anaerotruncus colihominis were more abundant in STC, whereas Coprococcus comes and Roseburia intestinalis were more abundant in controls. Gut-derived metabolites varying in STC relative to controls were related to bile acid and cholesterol metabolism.

DISCUSSION:

We found a unique metagenomic and metabolomic signature of STC.
The Media Construction on Heretical Religious Teachings at Al-Zaytun Islamic Boarding Schools: A Study of the Media
Authors: Kurnia Ulfa , Salbiah Rahma
Published: September 2024

This article aims to explore the issue of heretical deviations in the Al-Zaytun Islamic boarding school constructed by four online media sources: metro.suara.com, bandung.viva.co.id, rejabar.republik.co.id, and merdeka.com which had intensely reported on this controversy for weeks. It is intended to reveal what actually occurred in the institution and analyze how these media framed the issue critically. This study uses Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) model through three levels of analysis: critical language analysis, subjective interpretation of the discourse practices, and relevant information on the media's sociocultural practices. This research found that the media's claim that al-Zaytun Islamic boarding school engaged in radicalism is a construction of pseudo-reality. The text narrative is unclear, and the news facts are blurred, containing bias and prone to debates. The findings reveal that the actual reality constructed by the four online media is the contestation of elite groups over the discourse on heretical teachings against Al-Zaytun Islamic boarding schools.
The Symbols of Inculturation and Interfaith in The Demak's Great Mosque
Authors: Awaliyah Dian Nafiatul
Published: September 2024

This research presents a reinterpretation of the Lawang Bledheg ornamentation found in the Great Mosque of Demak, Central Java, Indonesia. The study explores the profound connections between architectural ornamentation and the message conveyed in the referenced Quranic verses through an interdisciplinary approach combining aesthetic and symbolic analysis. By conducting on-site observations, examining historical records, and analyzing Islamic artistic conventions, the research unveils the symbolic meanings embedded within the Lawang Bledheg ornaments. The findings demonstrate that the ornaments represent a fusion of local Javanese artistic traditions and Islamic influences, creating a unique cultural synthesis. The research also highlights the symbolism of unity, tolerance, and religious harmony depicted through the motifs, patterns, and decorative elements of the Lawang Bledheg ornament. These symbols resonate with the themes present in Surah Ali Imran verses 133-136, emphasizing the inclusive nature of the Great Mosque of Demak as a sacred space. By shedding light on the aesthetic and symbolic aspects of the Lawang Bledheg ornamentation, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the mosque's cultural significance, encourages interfaith dialogue, and inspires contemporary architectural designs. The findings enrich art history, architecture, and religious studies, offering valuable insights into the intricate relationship between art, spirituality, and cultural heritage.
The Migration of the Arab Literary Minority in Europe: 'Alī Badr's Novels and His Vertical Mobilization
Authors: Luhuringbudi Teguh , Wahhab Muhbib Abdul , Asnawi Tb. Ade
Published: September 2024

This research is rooted in a profound appreciation for the rich literary heritage of Arab society from the past, which we seek to revive in the present. The primary objective of this study is to delve into the values, messages, and ideologies conveyed by the novelist 'Alī Badr through his novels: 'Bābā Sārtir' (2001), 'Shitā'u al-'Āilah' (2002), and 'al-Walīmah al-'Āriyah' (2004), as these literary works engage in global discourse. This study applies two approaches: the international relations perspective as the foundation for fostering global interconnectedness and the media perspective, which evaluates the extent to which Arabic novels influence and shape the universal discourse of humanity. The analysis within the international relations framework, utilizing Michael Barnett's constructivist perspective, seeks to uncover the dynamics of social interactions and the nuanced dimensions of power. This examination aims to understand the implications of Arab novelists' engagement with their European counterparts. The analysis within the media approach, using Gill Branston and Roy Stafford's globalization perspective, aims to capture global media narratives that encapsulate their evaluation of the presence and impact of 'Ali Badr's novels. This research concludes that the involvement of 'Alī Badr and his works in the European literary landscape not only serves as a platform for the contestation of global ideas depicted in his novels but also garners widespread global acclaim, as evidenced by numerous awards.
O uso da toxina botulínica como terapia adjuvante ao tratamento da cefaleia tensional em paciente portador de síndrome fibromiálgica: relato de caso
Authors: Peixoto Ferrão Júnior José , Forner Wanessa
Published: September 2024

﻿Introdução: As neurotoxinas botulínicas (NTB), como a toxina botulínica tipo A, podem ser aplicadas como terapia adjuvante para cefaleia tensional em pacientes com Síndrome Fibromiálgica (SFM). O problema investigativo reside na complexidade do manejo da SFM e suas manifestações, e a coexistência com a cefaleia tensional, para a qual as opções terapêuticas são limitadas. Objetivo: Esse estudo tem como objetivo relatar um caso clínico de aplicação de NTB em uma paciente com SFM, além de avaliar a eficácia e segurança dessa abordagem, considerando-se os impactos na...
TET3 Protein Represses Proliferation of the MG-63 Human Osteosarcoma Cell Line by Regulating DNA Demethylation: an Epigenetic Study
Authors: Hang Shijun , Cui Bingjun , Wei Aichun , Li Zi , Sun Haitao
Published: September 2024

Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in carcinogenesis. However, the specific role of 5hmC in osteosarcoma (OS) remains largely unexplored. The­re­fore, this study aimed to investigate the function of 5hmC and TET3 in OS. In this study, we found a decreased total level of 5hmC in OS tissues. The expression of the TET3 protein was also decreased in OS. Importantly, the decreased levels of TET3 were associated with a decreased disease-free survival (DFS) rate in patients. To investigate the role of TET3 and 5hmC in OS, we manipulated the levels of TET3 in MG-63 cells. Silencing TET3 in these cells resulted in a twofold increase in proliferation. Additio­nally, the level of 5hmC decreased in these cells. Con­versely, over-expression of TET3 in MG-63 cells led to the expected inhibition of proliferation and invasion, accompanied by an increase in 5hmC levels. In conclusion, both 5hmC and TET3 protein levels were decreased in OS. Additionally, the over-expression of TET3 inhibited the proliferation of MG-63 cells, while the suppression of TET3 had the opposite effect. These findings suggest that decreased levels of 5hmC and TET3 may serve as potential markers for OS.
Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Tuwalis of Ifugao, Cordillera Administrative Region, Philippines
Authors: Galvez Marie Ann C.
Published: September 2024

Indigenous groups have used the ethnomedicinal plants in the country as part of their healthcare, but no record was found among the Tuwalis of Lamut, Ifugao, Philippines. Thus, this study aims at documenting their ethnomedicinal knowledge. Semi-structured interviews were utilized to obtain the data from twenty informants, which were then evaluated by some quantitative indices for analysis, including the relative frequency of citation (RFC), use value (UV), relative importance (RI), fidelity level (FL), and informant consensus factor (ICF). There were 87 plant species recorded, represented by 47 families, with the majority belonging to the Asteraceae family (9 species). The most prevalent plant part utilized for healing was the leaves (30%). These plants treated 54 diseases and conditions, where the most typical medicinal use was for cough (13.59%) and diarrhoea (6.62%). The most typical preparation method was decoction, and drinking was the most commonly used mode of administration. Moringa oleifera (0.60) and Ananas comosus (0.50) had the highest RFC values. Annona muricata (1.0) had the highest UV value, while Diplazium esculentum and M. oleifera had the highest RI value of 0.88. The plant species mostly used with a 100% fidelity level were Carica papaya, Psidium guajava, Senna alata, and Momordica charantia. Diseases of the endocrine system (0.60) have the greatest ICF value. These results could aid possible pharmaceutical studies and will help emphasize the value of preserving biodiversity and traditional knowledge.
Vernacular Historiography and Shamanic Genealogy of the Barga People. Ongγod qar-a sakiγus-un teüke Reconsidered
Authors: Sobkowiak Piotr , Sobkovyak Ekaterina
Published: September 2024

A manuscript entitled Ongγod qar-a sakiγus-un teüke sudur bičig orosiba, written in the Classical Mongolian script, was acquired by Henning Haslund-Christensen in the Barga area of the Chakhar province of Inner Mongolia during the Royal Danish Geographical Society’s Central Asian Expedition (1938–1939). The text is currently preserved in the Royal Library of Copenhagen. Scholars who have previously worked with the source have characterised it as a secular chronicle on the origins of shamanism among the Chakhars or a Mongolian shamanistic manuskript, dating not later than the eighteenth century. The present article offers a detailed philological-historical analysis of the chronicle’s content and language as well as the historical circumstances of its discovery. Based on this analysis, the authors reconsider the source’s dating, re-evaluate the information included in the chronicle in the context of the political and cultural history of particular ethnic groups such as the Bargas, Solons and Uriankhais, and seek to prove that the text cannot be viewed as a source on Mongolian or Central Asian shamanism considered as a homogeneous religious system.
Football statues and semiotics
Authors: Sørensen Bent
Published: September 2024

Every football statue transcends mere physical representation; it stands as a public monument constructed to commemorate and honor specific subjects. The football statue involves an intricate interplay of communication factors and functions, potentially transforming into a message imbued with encyclopedic signs to serve its communicative purposes. Importantly, the football statue, as a communication phenomenon, extends beyond a simple semiotic relation between the statue and a viewer. We must also consider the addresser’s intentions, including strategies for engaging the viewer as an addressee. This duality involves referencing both historical and spatial contexts (the physical environment) beyond the message itself. And various semiotic means – also poetic – capture the viewer’s attention and maintain contact. We understand the semiotics of football statues from the perspectives of Eco (encyclopedia, intentio auctoris, model reader), Jakobson (communication model), Peirce (icon, index, symbol, collateral experience), and Barthes (relay, anchorage). Our analytical descriptions/examples solely concern UK statuary after an examination of 89 statues.
Wettbewerb im akademischen Publikationsmarkt als Treiber für Diversität und Teilhabe im Wissenschaftsbetrieb
Authors: Schmal Wolfgang Benedikt
Published: September 2024

Der akademische Publikationsmarkt ist geprägt durch die oligopolistische Struktur der Verlage, die Fachzeitschriften herausgeben. Zwei Aspekte sind besonders auffällig: Wenige große kommerzielle Verlage besitzen hohe Marktanteile in fast allen Forschungsdisziplinen. Dies spiegelt sich in hohen Subskriptions- und Publikationskosten wider. Gleichzeitig wird der Großteil der Arbeit für die Zeitschriften kostenfrei von den Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern bereitgestellt. Dieses Paradoxon erklärt sich durch den außerordentlichen Stellenwert bedeutender Fachzeitschriften für die Forschenden, den die Verlage in Marktmacht ummünzen. Während zentrale Stakeholder im Markt vor allem die Themen Open Access und Open Science auf die Agenda setzen, argumentiere ich in diesem Beitrag, dass Wettbewerb eine Schlüsselrolle dabei einnimmt, nicht nur volkswirtschaftliche Effizienz, sondern darüber hinaus Diversität und Teilhabe von Forschenden zu steigern. Eine exponierte Option wäre eine Abwendung vom mittlerweile etablierten „pay per article“ System zurück zu Subskriptionsmodellen.
Recent progress in nanomaterials of battery energy storage: A patent landscape analysis, technology updates, and future prospects
Authors: Motalib Hossain M. A. , Ker Pin Jern , Tiong Sieh Kiong , Indra Mahlia T. M. , Hannan M. A.
Published: September 2024

The world’s energy demand has significantly increased as a result of the growing population and accompanying rise in energy usage. Fortunately, the innovation of nanomaterials (NMs) and their corresponding processing into devices and electrodes could enhance the functionality and/or advancement of the current battery energy storage systems (BESSs). Patent landscape analysis (PLA) can offer a comprehensive overview of technological development trends and enable discussion in interdisciplinary areas that facilitate more rational technology planning in the future. In this study, PLA of recent advancements in the NM-based BESS was critically analyzed, future technologies forecasted, and potential challenges outlined. A search was performed in the Lens database using “energy storage system,” “battery,” and “nanomaterial,” and related patents under the simple family were extracted. Finally, after excluding duplicates and irrelevant patents, a total of 89 patents were selected for analysis using various parameters. The article provides a current technical overview along with an extensive bibliographic review of the patent family, trends of patent growth, key inventors and owners, patent legal status, patent jurisdiction, top cited patents, etc., as well as technological updates. Overall, nanotechnology has great potential for the future; however, further research and studies are necessary to accelerate the widespread usage of NMs in energy storage systems using cost-effective and environmentally friendly technologies.
Controversial issues in the Handbook of the IPA
Authors: Grønnum Nina
Published: September 2024

The introductory text in the Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. A Guide to the Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet is an instruction manual, not an authoritative textbook in phonetics/phonology. That does not, however, exempt it from an obligation to be explicit and unambiguous. In that respect, the account of the distinction between phonetic and phonemic representations leaves something to be desired. Another issue is the ambiguous attitude to force of articulation (fortis and lenis) in obstruent consonants. Finally, the Handbook should be consistent in the notation of diphthongs and affricates.
Creatine and strength training in older adults: an update
Authors: Forbes Scott C. , Candow Darren G.
Published: September 2024

Aging is associated with numerous physiological, musculoskeletal, and neurological impairments including a loss of muscle, strength, function, bone mineral, and cognition. Strength training is an effective intervention to counter these age-associated declines. In addition, creatine supplementation is purported to enhance strength training gains in lean tissue mass, muscular strength, and function. There is emerging evidence that creatine combined with strength training can alter bone geometry and cognitive performance. The purpose of this review is to update previous meta-analyses examining creatine combined with strength training on lean tissue mass and bone density compared to strength training and placebo. A secondary purpose was to explore the effects of creatine and strength training on cognition. Updated meta-analyses revealed that creatine enhances lean tissue mass (mean difference [MD]: 1.18 kg, 95 % CI: 0.70–1.67; p<0.00001) and upper body muscular strength (standard mean difference [SMD]: 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.05–0.43; p=0.02) compared to strength training and placebo. Creatine combined with strength training had no greater effects compared to strength training and placebo on lower body muscular strength (SMD: 0.17, 95 % CI: −0.03–0.38; p=0.09), whole-body (MD: −0.00 g cm−2; 95 % CI: −0.01–0.00, p=0.32), femoral neck (MD: −0.00 g cm−2; 95 % CI: −0.01–0.00, p=1.00), or lumbar bone mineral density (MD: 0.00 g cm−2, 95 % CI: −0.01–0.01; p=045). There is preliminary evidence that combining strength training and creatine is an effective strategy to improve bone geometry in postmenopausal females and cognitive function in older adults. Overall, the combination of creatine and strength training has favorable effects on lean tissue mass and upper body strength. In contrast, creatine combined with strength training does not enhance lower-body strength or bone mineral.
Interaction effects between the rotor wake and hub leakage flow in a multi-stage cantilevered compressor
Authors: Deng Hefang , Xia Kailong , Qiang Xiaoqing , Zhu Mingmin , Teng Jinfang , Lu Shaopeng
Published: September 2024

The cantilevered stator is a typical configuration for axial compressors. To gain insight into the effect of the hub leakage flow, unsteady simulations were performed in a multi-stage cantilevered compressor. The main goal is to gain a better understanding of the interaction between the upstream rotor wake and hub leakage flow, and the effect of the hub leakage flow on the downstream rotor performance. The results show that the upstream rotor wake affects the hub loading of the cantilevered stator periodically and thus changes the leakage flow characteristics, leading to an unsteady benefit in the vicinity of the hub. At the higher span region, the unsteady benefit depends on the reversible recovery and the wake-boundary layer interaction. The increased hub clearance not only causes performance degradation on the cantilevered stator but deteriorates the downstream rotor performance, especially for the absolute angle due to the mass flow redistribution. These results indicate great attention should be paid to the interaction between the upstream rotor wake and the hub leakage flow, and also the stage matching caused by the hub leakage flow in the design process of cantilevered compressors.
Analysis of Quercetin Levels in the Ethanol Extract of Curry Leaves (Murraya koenigii L.) as a Potential Animal Feed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Warsito Sunaryo Hadi , Lamid Mirni , Arif Mohammad Anam Al , Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita , Ayuti Siti Rani , Khairullah Aswin Rafif , Delima Mira , Hermawan Intan Permatasari , Gangil Rakhi , Ahmad Zaheer
Published: September 2024

Background: Curry leaf (Murraya koenigii) is a frequently used medicinal plant. The M. koenigii plant is a type of spice in the Rutaceae family. Curry leaf ethanol extract contains flavonoid compounds. Quercetin is a flavonol compound, a flavonoid derivative that has a 3-hydroxyflavone skeleton. There is a need to analyze the quercetin level in curry leaves utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Methods: This research was conducted from August to October 2023. A total of 500 g of powdered curry leaves were placed in a maceration vessel. The liquid ethanol extract was mixed with the first re-maceration filtration product. Qualitative analysis was performed by comparing the retention time of the sample solution chromatogram with the reference standard solution of quercetin under identical HPLC conditions.

Results: The quantity of curry leave ethanol extract was 52.613 g. Analysis of the curry leaf extract samples revealed that sample 1 had a quercetin level of 0.080 mg/g, while sample 2 had a quercetin level of 0.079 mg/g. The final analysis of the curry leaf ethanol extract samples showed an average quercetin level of 0.03%.

Conclusion: These results indicate that the curry leave ethanol extract contains flavonoid compounds, especially quercetin.
“We Have So Many Stories and Not Much Time”
Authors: Shpolberg Masha
Published: September 2024

Masha Shpolberg introduces and interviews Ukrainian filmmaker Iryna Tsilyk. They discuss the overall arc of Tsilyk’s career: her early films, her breakthrough documentary, The Earth Is Blue as an Orange (2020), her first fiction feature, Rock. Paper. Grenade (2022), and her current project—an animated documentary about her own family’s experience of Russia’s war against Ukraine. Tsilyk reflects on what it means to her to be both a writer and a filmmaker, the capabilities of the two mediums, and her growing role as a cultural ambassador for Ukraine. The conversation concludes with reflections on the state of cultural production in Ukraine today and what the postwar future might look like.
Fatores associados ao óbito em pacientes com COVID-19 internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto
Authors: Generoso Gabriela Müller , Schmidt Catiele Raquel , Jesus Edna Ribeiro de , Boell Julia Estela Willrich , Fabrizzio Greici Capellari , Malkiewiez Michelle Mariah , Lorenzini Elisiane
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: identificar os fatores associados ao óbito em pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19 internados em unidade de terapia intensiva. Métodos: estudo transversal, com pacientes internados por COVID-19 em duas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva de dois hospitais públicos. Foi realizada coleta de dados em 222 prontuários eletrônicos e analisados por meio dos testes t de Student, Exato de Fisher, Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Regressão múltipla de Poisson com variância robusta.  Resultados: prevaleceram pacientes do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 63,4±15,6 anos, cor branca (92,9%), casados ou com companheiro (64,6%), com escolaridade em nível de ensino fundamental (64,4%). Os fatores que impactaram de forma significativa sobre o desfecho óbito com maior razão de prevalência foram: dispneia com esforço respiratório (p=0,009), acometimento pulmonar-padrão tomográfico acima de 75% (p=0,006), insuficiência renal aguda com necessidade de hemodiálise (p=0,001) e pacientes acima de 65 anos (p=0,001). Conclusão: a idade foi identificada como principal fator independente para óbito. Contribuições para a prática: conhecer as características das hospitalizações em unidade crítica de pacientes com COVID-19 fornece subsídios para a prestação de cuidados de enfermagem qualificados, promovendo a segurança do paciente.
Mercados vs mecanismos y sus impactos sobre los servicios de salud
Authors: Cantala David , Ayllón Aragón Grisel
Published: September 2024

Los mecanismos de asignación en uso en los mercados de médicos internistas heredaron de la teoría del emparejamiento, de la cual presentamos una breve introducción, de propriedades normativas atractivas, en particular permite proveer un mayor bienestar a los médicos e implementar asignaciones de internos a hospitales estables. Contrastamos las ventajas y desventajas teóricas de un mercado centralizado respecto a uno descentralizado bajo la óptica de la propiedad de emparejamiento por tipos similares.
SİBER RİSK SİGORTASI: ALMAN SİBER RİSK SİGORTASI GENEL ŞARTLARI ÇERÇEVE-SİNDE BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Yüce Aydın Alber
Published: September 2024

İnternet teknolojisi ve insan hayatında kapladığı alan, 2010’lu ve 2020’li yılların dünyasında, geçmiş on yıllara göre mukayese edilemeyecek derecede değişmiştir. Siber dünyanın gerçek dünya ile olan yoğun ilişkisi, işlenen suçların ve kişilerle işletmelerin hukuka aykırı fiiller sebebiyle karşı karşıya kaldıkları zararların siber ortama taşınmasına sebep olmuştur. O halde, sigorta hukuku açısından, gerçek dünyada olduğu gibi sanal dünyada da gerçekleşebilecek rizikolar teminat altına alınmalıdır. Bu ihtiyaca yönelik sigorta, siber risk sigortasıdır.
Siber ortamda karşılaşılan rizikolar sonucu uğranan zararlardaki artış, siber risk sigortalarına olan talebi de artırmıştır. Uygulamada sıklıkla akdedilen siber risk sigortası sözleşmeleri için, ülkemizde genel şart niteliğinde bir düzenleme bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Alman hukukunun hukuk sistemimize olan yakınlığı sebebiyle Alman Siber Risk Sigortası Genel Şartları, siber risk sigortasının açıklanması amacıyla incelenecektir. Böylelikle, hukukumuz açısından da benzer bir düzenlemenin gerekli olup olmadığı ve eğer gerekli ise bunun nasıl gerçekleştirileceği tartışılacaktır.
Diseño e Implementación de un Sistema de Posicionamiento Manual para Mediciones de Radiaciones no Ionizantes Provenientes de Computadoras Portátiles
Authors: Cruz Ornetta Víctor , Vásquez Cainicela Almendra , Guevara Minaya Bladimir , Cruz Salas Harold , Torres Santos William
Published: September 2024

El objetivo de este estudio fue diseñar e implementar un sistema de posicionamiento manual para ejecutar las mediciones de radiaciones no ionizantes en las computadoras portátiles. Está basado en el estudio realizado por la Health Protection Agency’s del Reino Unido y como resultado se ha logrado fabricar un módulo acrílico en el cual se puede de variar los ángulos de acimut y elevación de las computadoras portátiles cuando se requiere medir los campos electromagnéticos de estos dispositivos. En conclusión, se tiene un sistema de posicionamiento manual para futuros estudios de evaluación de radiaciones no ionizantes para dispositivos inalámbricos, como: ordenadores portátiles o access point.
(Post)war prospects of growing niche crops in the agricultural sector
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Prokopenko Kateryna , Udova Liudmyla ,   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”
Published: September 2024

The pre-war development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine has taken place according to the model of modernization, based on specialization, intensification and expansion of the scale of production. However, European experience shows that this model is viable only in conditions of stable markets. The economic crisis caused by the hostilities forces agricultural producers to change their specialization in favor of diversified production. One of the ways to raise the economic sustainability of farms is to expand their activities through the production of niche crops. The article reveals the relevance of the production of niche agricultural crops during the (post)war period. The authors outline the main advantages (higher sales price, better adaptability to weather and climate conditions, the possibility of balancing crop rotation, lower competition on the market, etc.) that shape the economic potential of the above mentioned crops, and highlight the risks (the need for special agricultural technologies, high production cost, high price volatility, etc.), which inhibit their cultivation. It is noted that the expansion of crop rotation due to the inclusion of leguminous niche crops should become part of a broader (post)war strategy for the sustainable development of Ukraine’s agricultural sector. Cultivation of niche vegetables is a component of resource-conserving agriculture, because crop rotation in vegetable production supports soil structure, controls soil erosion, and increases biodiversity. Obstacles to the spread of niche vegetable production are highlighted. The authors consider various new vegetables that are currently becoming part of the culture of consumption and have considerable prospects (sweet potato, Jerusalem artichoke, etc.), and point out the possibility of adapting the European experience of growing various vegetables in combination with the installation of solar panels (agrovoltaics). Under the conditions of (post)war recovery, the cultivation of niche energy crops would contribute to the diversification of agricultural production, strengthening the economic stability of agricultural producers, increasing the level of environmental friendliness of the energy sector, and shaping the energy independence of rural areas. The article highlights the European experience of mapping agro-ecological technologies, which will make it easier for agricultural producers to introduce new crops, in particular the niche ones, and technologies.
МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЙНА ПАРАДИГМА ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ СІЛЬСЬКОГО РОЗВИТКУ: ІНСТИТУЦІЙНИЙ ПІДХІД, ВИКЛИКИ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: ЗІНЧУК Тетяна , КОВАЛЬЧУК Олександр , УСЮК Тетяна
Published: September 2024

Проаналізовано європейську політику сільського розвитку, яка пройшла тривалий період становлення і змін, що пов’язано з особливостями постійного реформування Спільної аграрної політики (САП) ЄС як базової для визначення цілей, пріоритетів і стратегій розвитку сільських територій, а також змін фокусів європейської регіональної політики. Узагальнено теоретичну базу категорії “сільський розвиток”, зокрема виділено методологічні підходи до дефініцій “село”, “сільські території”, “сільська місцевість”,  розкрито сутність політики сільського розвитку з позиції її історичного внеску і доповнення до САП ЄС. Розглянуто концептуальні засади становлення політики сільського розвитку, які закладалися на різних етапах еволюції, визначали її роль і місце як “другого стовпа” САП ЄС. Відображено особливості та риси відмінності між політикою сільського розвитку і САП ЄС.
Обґрунтовано теоретико-пізнавальні, історичні та інституційно-практичні передумови формування поточних і майбутніх соціально-економічних стратегій європейської політики сільського розвитку. Оскільки сільська місцевість характеризується неоднорідністю видів економічної діяльності, різноманіттям природно-кліматичних умов, специфікою наявного ендогенного ресурсного потенціалу, проведено оцінку заходів, які забезпечують конкурентоспроможність сільських територій з посиленням акценту на розвиток соціальних інновацій і активізацію ініціативи громад.
Відображено особливості дії інституційних підходів ЄС щодо моніторингу, оцінювання і рекомендацій з реалізації Програм сільського розвитку, в тому числі на прикладі окремих країн –– членів ЄС. Виходячи з нових амбітних цілей ЄС щодо збереження і просування цінностей сільських територій досліджено механізм розподілу витрат, виокремлено прогресивні тенденції і пріоритети творення політики сільського розвитку на засадах сталості до 2040 р.
Are Child Access Prevention Laws Associated With Fewer Pediatric Firearm Injuries?
Authors: Wilson Emily G. , Gregoski Mathew J. , Oddo Elizabeth R. , Barfield William R. , Dow Matthew A. , Murphy Robert F. , Van Nortwick Sara S.
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE

Firearm injuries are the leading cause of death for children in the United States. Child access prevention (CAP) laws have been passed in some states. This study examines characteristics of children with firearm injuries in states with different types of CAP laws.

METHODS

The Pediatric Health Information System database was reviewed to identify all pediatric firearm injury patients between 2016 and 2021. Hospital data were categorized based on state laws as (1) no CAP laws (2) some CAP laws or (3) strict CAP laws. CAP laws that specifically outlined criminal liability for the negligent storage of firearms were considered a strict restriction, whereas any other form of CAP law was considered some restriction. χ-squared and independent-samples median testing were performed to compare restriction levels.

RESULTS

Between 2016 and 2021, 12 853 firearm injuries were recorded in the Pediatric Health Information System database. In states with strict CAP laws, patients were significantly older (P < .001) and had a significantly higher household income (P < .001) compared with patients in states with no CAP laws. Gender, race, and the number of firearm injuries differed between the 3 restriction levels. There were less firearm injuries observed than expected in cities with strict CAP laws.

CONCLUSIONS

CAP laws are associated with a higher age and household income of pediatric firearm injury patients. Given the disparities seen between cities, a federal CAP law may best protect children nationwide.
ESCREVER FOTOGRAFANDO E FOTOGRAFAR NARRANDO: A EXPERIÊNCIA DE ESCREVER UMA TESE COM VALÊNCIO XAVIER E JONATHAN SAFRAN FOER
Authors: BORGES FERNANDA
Published: September 2024

Escrever este ensaio é reviver uma experiência de leitura e de escrita que há muito não visitava. Quando terminamos uma tese de doutorado, ela convive conosco por diversos momentos, pois seguimos a vê-la na maioria dos livros e das discussões ao nosso redor. No entanto, após alguns anos em que o trabalho nos devora, revisitá-la é revivê-la e reacendê-la como desejo de retomada e, quem sabe, de ruptura e redirecionamento.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO DA MEMÓRIA DA DITADURA CIVILMILITAR BRASILEIRA A PARTIR DA FOTOGRAFIA E DA OBRA LITERÁRIA A FESTA, DE IVAN ÂNGELO
Authors: AMARAL DE OLIVEIRA ANDERSON , DOS SANTOS CANABARRO IVO
Published: September 2024

O presente ensaio tem por objetivo analisar a representação de episódios traumáticos da repressão na ditadura civil-militar brasileira por meio da literatura e da fotografia. Para tanto, os conceitos de violência e memória são apresentados e discutidos, realizando, em seguida, a análise de três fotografias que representam cenas do período, com preponderância, no primeiro plano, de pessoas que foram atingidas pelo autoritarismo de Estado. Após esse percurso teórico e analítico, realizamos a análise da obra literária A festa, de Ivan Ângelo, a partir da representação traumática e fragmentária da memória, condizente às possibilidades de representação estética no período.
A ESCRITA CRIATIVA: O QUE A ESCRITA DEVOLVE À IMAGEM
Authors: TEIXEIRA MARTINS ALTAIR
Published: September 2024

Partindo das ideias de Roman Jakobson (1969) acerca da “tradução intersemiótica” ou “transmutação”, a partir da qual o linguista russo desenvolve relações entre os sistemas sígnicos verbais e não verbais, e dos estudos de Claus Clüver (1997) acerca da ekphrasis e suas possibilidades intermidiáticas, o trabalho propõe o uso da Escrita Criativa como fonte de investigação nas relações entre imagem e verbo. Como a imagem é afogada de espaço, deriva daí sua ânsia de “transmudança”, já que, conforme Emmanuel Alloa (2015, p. 7)
Alpinia officinarum Hance extract relieved sepsis-induced myocardial ferroptosis and inflammation by inhibiting lncRNA MIAT/TRAF6/NF-κB axis
Authors: Shi Yao , Yang Xiaobo , Jiang Hong , Wu Shanxia , Hong Yan , Su Wei , Wang Xuan
Published: September 2024

Sepsis is generally triggered by a dysfunctional host response to infection, and it can result in life-threatening organ dysfunction. Alpinia officinarum Hance (AO) exhibits regulatory functions in some diseases. However, whether AO extract (AOE) plays a promoting role in sepsis--triggered myocardial injury is unclear. This study was aimed at investigating the regulatory effects of AOE on myocardial ferroptosis and inflammation in sepsis, and the regulation effects on the lncRNA MIAT/TRAF6/NF-κB axis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to treat mice for establishing an in vivo sepsis model. The pathological changes in heart tissues were observed through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The levels of CK-MB, cTnl, MDA, SOD, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α in serum were detected through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of Fe2+ was assessed, and the protein expressions (ACSL4, GPX4, TRAF6, p-P65, and P65) were examined through western blot. The expressions of lncRNA MIAT and TRAF6 were measured through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Our results demonstrated that AOE treatment ameliorated sepsis-triggered myocardial damage by reducing the disordered cardiomyocytes, the destroyed sarcolemma, and the CK-MB and cTnl levels. In addition, AOE treatment inhibited sepsis-induced myocardial ferroptosis and inflammation by regulating Fe2+, ACSL4, GPX4, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. Moreover, the improvement effect of AOE was strengthened with the increase in the dose of AOE (25, 50, 100 mg/kg). It was also revealed that AOE treatment retarded the lncRNA MIAT/TRAF6/NF-κB axis. Rescue assays manifested that overexpression of MIAT reduced the cardioprotective effect of AOE. In conclusion, AOE relieved sepsis-induced myocardial ferroptosis and inflammation by inhibiting lncRNA MIAT/TRAF6/NF-κB axis. These findings may provide a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of sepsis.
Secured Anatomy-Driven Flap Extension (SAFE) for Guided Bone Regeneration: A Modified Flap Release Technique Description and Retrospective Study
Authors: Majzoub Jad , Steigmann Marius , Chan Hsun-Liang
Published: September 2024

Current flap-releasing designs for guided bone regeneration (GBR) emphasize preserving subperiosteal microvasculature by adapting a deep-slit approach, separating the periosteum from the flap. Although biologically sound, a biomechanical disadvantage may be encountered. This study aimed to describe a modified design, the Secured Anatomy-driven Flap Extension (SAFE) technique, for effective facial flap release and to preliminarily evaluate the clinical outcomes of this technique retrospectively. Chart reviews were conducted to identify patients treated by facial flap release in staged GBR procedures between May 2020 and March 2022. The anatomical, biological, and biomechanical rationale of this technique were described. The following clinical data were collected: intraoperative and postoperative complications, initial and final horizontal ridge width before and 5–6 months after the GBR, and implant performance. A total of 10 patients were identified. At baseline, these patients presented with a mean ridge width of 2.05 ± 0.52 mm. No intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed in these patients (bleeding, wound opening, neurosensory disturbance, etc.) at the 2–3-week follow-up visit. At the re-entry, a mean ridge width of 6.50 ± 0.55 mm was measured (P < .01), resulting in a mean of 4.45 ± 0.65 mm ridge width gain. Twenty-one implants were successfully placed, integrated, and in function without signs/symptoms of peri-implantitis after a mean 21.5 ± 9.2 months follow-up period. Preliminary results suggest that the SAFE technique is a safe and predictable approach for releasing facial flaps during GBR procedures.
Clinical Report of the Immediate Placement Implants in Patients Aged 80 and Over: Five Cases and a Short Review
Authors: Takiguchi Masachika , Fujita Koji , Yoshida Kazumasa
Published: September 2024

With the population aging, the proportion of elderly individuals is expected to increase, and the proportion of individuals over 80 is also likely to increase. Given that the population is aging and life expectancy is increasing, elderly patients who have lost their teeth will also increase. Impaired masticatory function caused by tooth loss is a risk factor for cognitive decline and frailty, and neglecting to treat tooth loss is a critical issue. In this report, 5 patients over 80 requested dental implants for new missing teeth and underwent immediate implant placement. All patients were treated by the same surgeon using the same technique, materials, and dental implants. Five elements were measured for the peri-implant bone from the cone-beam computed tomography images. All patients were followed for 3 or more years and exhibited good progress without any abnormal findings in their oral cavities or notable radiographic abnormalities such as bone absorption or peri-implantitis. Compared with conventional treatment with delayed placement, combining immediate implant placement and regenerative medicine for fixed superstructures may be the better option for missing tooth replacement if the conditions are suitable. Thus, this treatment modality may improve the quality of life in elderly patients, especially super elderly patients.
Więź mieszkańców z miastem i jej wpływ na ocenę zmian zachodzących w mieście
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Kotarski Hubert
Published: September 2024

This article presents the results of a study carried out as part of the project ‘City Observatory – a platform for cooperation between the academic community and the surrounding area’, in six cities of three voivodeships of Eastern Poland – Białystok, Lublin, Rzeszów, Suwałki, Biała Podlaska and Krosno. The three capitals of the Podlaskie, Lubelskie and Podkarpackie Voivodeships and three cities from these voivodeships, which lost the status of voivodeship cities as a result of the administrative reform of 1999, were selected for the study. The study involved 11,397 respondents, from three groups of respondents: parents/guardians of primary and lower secondary school pupils, secondary school pupils and students. The main aim of the article is to determine the level of residents’ bond with the city in retrospect, based on a set of statements (items) built on a five-point Likert scale, and to identify variables that differentiate the respondents’ bond with the city in a statistically significant way. The research showed that the strength of residents’ bond with the city influences their assessment of the quality of life in the city and the changes taking place in it. The level of residents’ bond with the city is influenced by the gender of the respondents, membership of the research group – parents, students, pupils and the fact of being a city resident or city user.
15-minutowe zielone miasto kompaktowe – koneksje, wyzwania i perspektywy
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Michalska-Żyła Agnieszka
Published: September 2024

The aim of the article, which is of a review nature, is to present the main elements linking the 15-Minute City model with urban development concepts such as Green City and Compact City. The main thesis of the article boils down to the assumption of substantive proximity of the analyzed concepts. Attention has been focused on three elements found in the mentioned approaches: accessibility of public services, organization of urban transportation prioritizing pedestrian and bicycle traffic, and improvement of the quality of public spaces. The premises for the implementation of the proposed changes in urban space have also been presented, indicating significant challenges in this regard.