bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Volatility dynamics of stock returns, liquidity and exchange rates in ASEAN Countries
Authors: Umoru David , Igbinovia Beauty , Muhammed Emoabino , Ali Rashidat Inobemhe
Published: January 2025

In this study, we examined the volatility trend of stock return in eight ASEAN stock markets. These includes the Singapore Exchange (SGX), Bursa Malaysia Stock Exchange (YSX), the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET), Indonesia stock exchange, the Vietnam Stock Exchange (VNX), the Cambodia Securities Exchange (CSX), the Lao Securities Exchange (LSX), and the Philippine Stock Exchange. Secondly, we evaluated the factors that influence the level of return in those stock markets with exchange rate volatility as a control variable. By employing FIGARCH-DCC and ARDL models, the study aimed to provide a more robust understanding of stock market dynamics. The findings reveal significant negative returns effect of market volatilities and liquidity crisis in all the stock exchanges of all sample countries in the study. In Singapore, money supply variation, market volatility, liquidity risks, and exchange rate volatility significantly influenced stock returns positively. The short-run model explains 52.26% of the variation in stock returns. Only in Malaysia, we had significant positive returns from exchange rate volatility. Nevertheless, the Russian model explains just 22.22% of the variation in stock returns. In Thailand and Indonesia alike, returns significantly and positively responded to variation in money supply, while the volatility in the market and currency rate exchange adversely impacted returns. The short-run models explain 53.66% and 65.21% of the variation in stock returns for Vietnam and Indonesia, respectively. The variation in money supply does not significantly affect stock returns and has no significant contribution to returns in Cambodia. The Cambodia model explains around 48.34% of the variation in returns. For Lao Stock Exchange, return effects of liquidity risk, and exchange rate instability were significant and negative. Market volatility had insignificantly impacted stock returns in Nigeria. The Lao model explains 50.38% of the variation in stock returns. In the Philippine Stock Exchange, the returns effect of exchange rate volatility and liquidity crisis are adverse and significant. Money supply variation and market volatility had insignificant influence on returns. The model explains 68.11% of the variation in returns. In the Philippines, market volatility, liquidity risks, and exchange rate volatility adversely impacted returns. Money supply variation had no such significant influence on returns. The panel model of the Philippines explains 62.9% of the variation in stock returns. The research accentuates the need for governments to stabilize exchange rates, boost liquidity, through targeted policies aimed at managing stock market dynamics especially as it relates to stock volatility in order to foster meaningful growth and development of the financial market.
Corporate financial strategies and performance: Insights from China’s Shanghai Stock Exchange
Authors: Essel Ronald Ebenezer
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the impact of corporate financial strategies-(CFSs) on the performance of companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange-(SSE) from 2010-2023, analyzing data from 2,269 firms, yielding 31,766 balanced firm-year observations. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach with a quasi-experimental design grounded in pragmatism, the inquiry employed two-step System-GMM technique to address endogeneity, simultaneity, heteroscedasticity, reverse causality and Nickell bias. Fixed effects-(FE) and random effects-(RE) models were applied to handle unobserved heterogeneity, omitted variable bias and guarantee robustness. The results revealed that, total-debt-to-assets-ratio-(TDTAR) and dividend yield-(DY) significantly and negatively impacted firm performance-(FP), measured by return on assets-(ROA) and Tobin’s Q-(TQ). Contrary, cash conversion cycle-(CCC), current ratio-(CR), total-assets-turnover-(TAT), tangibility-(TANG), total-equity-to-total-assets ratio-(TETAR), dividend payout ratio-(DPR), firm size-(SIZE), and firm age-(AGE) had a significantly positive effect on FP-(ROA and TQ). The study emphasizes the importance of effective CFSs in improving FP and offers insights for policymakers, investors, and managers, highlighting the need for corporate deleveraging, capital structure optimization and efficient asset and working capital management. Although focused on China, the study’s framework is applicable to other emerging markets, providing valuable theoretical, conceptual, and methodological insights as it integrates CFS metrics into the resource-based view theory-(RBVT), extending the theory’s scope making it more robust and generalizable.
The Reinvention of ELT Associations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Strategies
Authors: Ravindran Latha
Published: January 2025

This study investigates how ELT associations adapted and reinvented themselves to meet the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on their efforts to stay relevant and support their members. While much of the existing research has focused on teacher collaboration, this paper examines how teacher associations played an active role in navigating the challenges of low teacher participation, financial sustainability, and competency issues, addressing professional development needs, and fostering collaborative networks. Using a qualitative approach, six executive committee members from teacher associations across Southeast Asia were interviewed. The data was collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key challenges and the strategies adopted. The findings revealed that teacher associations actively worked to stay updated on changes in the ELT field, advocated for innovative professional development, disseminated government policies, and encouraged interdisciplinary research. This study highlights the evolving role of ELT associations during uncertain times and provides insights into their strategies for sustainability, overcoming financial challenges, and enhancing teacher competency.
Distribution and Use of Phrasal Verbs in a Grade I ESL Textbook
Authors: Kumar Pursotam , Chauhan Siddharth , Ghosh Sanjukta
Published: January 2025

The present paper delves into the distribution and uses of English phrasal verbs as well as their syntactic and semantic representation in the grade-1 ESL textbook published by the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) of India prescribed for the academic curriculum programme. The identified phrasal verbs are then compared with the list of 150 most frequent phrasal verbs in the British National Corpus (BNC) and The Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) (Liu, 2011) and the constituent elements of EPVs (i.e. a verb and a particle) are also compared with the list of top 20 most frequent lexical verb lemmas and 16 most frequent particles functioning as phrasal verb forms in the British National Corpus (BNC) (Gardner & Davies, 2007) respectively. The study found that the particles denote their literal senses and contribute to the formation of compositional or literal meanings. This study does not reflect the most frequent phrasal verbs found in the various genres of the BNC and COCA. Lexical verbs are mostly verbs of motion, and particles belonging to the group of spatial orientation are presented in the grade-1- ESL textbook. Most of the phrasal verbs are presented in its literal sense. Very few present idiomatic/figurative/ extended meanings. However, the aspectual phrasal verbs are absent in the grade-1 ESL textbook.
Visulgraph to Support the Teaching and Learning of Line Graph Description
Authors: Chui Lam Nguoi
Published: January 2025

Visual learning has received significant research attention in teaching and learning. However, there has been a lack of research conducted to explore its use in the teaching of graphs and charts. In fact, limited innovative tools have been designed for the specific purposes of teaching graphs and charts. Hence, this paper attempts to address this gap by exploring the use of Visulgraph to scaffold ESL learners in this context. Visulgraph was developed to assist students in describing the trends, movements and distribution patterns in a line graph, with a particular focus on preparing them using appropriate vocabulary in their spoken presentation. This study employed a one group pre-test and post-test experimental design and serves as a pilot study for the said innovation. Participants were forty-two (42) ESL learners from one of the polytechnics in Malaysia who attended a communicative English course. Data were collected via pre-and post-tests to measure vocabulary knowledge, a survey form and focus group interviews. The findings revealed that the majority of the participants (83.3%) have improved their vocabulary for graph description with the use of Visulgraph. The thematic analysis discovered five themes, namely, facilitating explanation of trends in graphs, facilitating reading and understanding of trends in graphs, enriching vocabulary for graph description, facilitating sentence construction and enhancing lesson clarity/ student learning. The findings offer insights into how students can be scaffolded in the teaching and learning of graphs and charts with visual support.
Agreement between Investigator and Central Reading Center Gradings of Meibomian Secretion Quality in Participants with and without Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Pilot Study
Authors:   Allergan, an AbbVie company, Irvine, CA, USA., Nguyen Ashley
Published: January 2025

Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) is commonly associated with dry eye disease. Central Reading Centers (CRC) can provide standardized grading reducing bias and variability across clinical sites.
Qualitative Review of Transfer Pricing Disputes in India
Authors: Ganesh Lal Meena, Neetu Zora
Published: January 2025

This is a pilot paper for the thesis. This study analyzes transfer pricing (TP) disputes in India through tribunal and court rulings from 2012–2024, identifying key trends across industries, transaction types, and procedural challenges. Common issues include disputes over methodologies like Transactional Net Margin Method (TNMM) and Comparable Uncontrolled Price (CUP), with adjustments often linked to royalties, corporate guarantees, and management fees. Procedural lapses, such as missed deadlines under Section 92CA(3A) and inadequate compliance with Section 144C, frequently led to quashed assessments or remands.
Sector-specific trends emerged, notably in pharmaceuticals and IT services, where func- tional comparability and interest benchmarks like LIBOR played a critical role. Omitted statutory provisions, such as Clause (i) of Section 92BA, invalidated adjustments in do- mestic TP cases. Documentation gaps in intra-group services and procedural errors, including missing Document Identification Numbers (DIN), further fueled disputes.
The findings highlight the importance of consistent methodologies, robust documenta- tion, and procedural compliance, providing actionable insights for policymakers, busi- nesses, and tax professionals. This qualitative review aims to enhance understanding and predictability in TP litigation in India.
Aprendizaje significativo: características, estrategias, importancia y teorías
Authors: Vásquez Villanueva Salomón , Vidal Coronado Raúl Martín , Reátegui Torres Gil Romer , Yalta Campos Marlon , Soplin Rios Judith Alejandrina , Huanca Ramos Guillermo
Published: January 2025

Tanto se habló, se habla y se hablará de aprendizaje significativo. Posiblemente las herencia pedagógicas, educativas y culturales siempre permanecerán, en los ámbitos de la educación y en las páginas de la investigación científica. El objetivo de la investigación es analizar las características, las estrategias, la importancia y las teorías del aprendizaje significativo. Para lograr este estudio, se realizó una selección de artículos científicos, con el propósito de leerlos y analizar los contenidos de los mismos. Luego de las lecturas y los análisis de los artículos se confirma que existen coincidencias y discrepancias entre los investigadores, naturalmente; la investigación tiene esa misión. Se concluye que el aprendizaje significativo ha modificado las conductas y los comportamientos de los docentes y los estudiantes, dentro del aula y fuera de la misma.
La cultura tributaria de los ciudadanos: una revisión teórica bibliográfica
Authors: Gil Cárdenas Diana Lizbeth , Rivera Vidal María Estefany
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como finalidad describir la cultura tributaria de los ciudadanos, el estudio perteneció a un enfoque cualitativo, de revisión bibliográfica, cuya técnica utilizada fue el análisis documental, el cual ha permitido seleccionar los artículos que se encuentran más acordes a los objetivos. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron determinar que los ciudadanos con una buena cultura tributaria, sí cumplen con el pago de sus impuestos de manera voluntaria, porque conocen los beneficios que trae consigo el pago de sus tributos; por el contrario, los que desconocen la tributación, incumplen las normas y mayormente se ven afectados mediante sanciones. Se concluye que, si los ciudadanos tienen una adecuada cultura tributaria, tomarán conciencia de los beneficios que desaprovechan, y al tener mayores actitudes tributarias confiarán en los entes recaudadores.
La cultura y las obligaciones tributarias: una revisión teórica
Authors: López Guerrero Ever Alfonso , Martinez Chirinos Escarly Mishell
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación se focalizó en el trabajo decente y crecimiento económico (octavo objetivo de desarrollo sostenible). Se planteó el objetivo: Analizar la relación y la influencia de la cultura con las obligaciones tributarias mediante una revisión de investigaciones. Se emplearon investigaciones académicas de fuentes y bases de datos distintivos: 7 Scielo, 3 Latindex, 1 Directory of Research Journals Indexing, 1 Redalyc, 7 repositorios y 3 Dialnet. Respecto de la relación de cultura tributaria y obligaciones tributarias poseen una concordancia grande, afirmativa y firme. En el caso de la influencia de ambas variables, mientras se perfeccione la cultura fiscal mayor será la ejecución de los deberes fiscales. Se concluye que, si se mejora la cultura tributaria, el nivel de ejecución de los deberes tributarios se elevaría y se mejoraría para el desarrollo del país.
Lecturer Views of Performance Evaluation and Research Capacity: Implications for Private Universities in Bangkok
Authors: James Paul
Published: January 2025

This is a study focused on the opinions of lecturer evaluations and research capacity implications for Private Universities in Bangkok, Thailand. The scope for this research were authoritive opinions from academics at professor level. A qualitative methodology was utilised using grounded theory to enable an understanding of the views and practices concerning lecturer performance and research capability. The targeted population of interest was made up of fourteen (14) professorial-level respondents, one from a single department, located across private universities in Bangkok. The research outcomes comprised of four 4 main-themes - Research Capacity; Performance Management; System Qualities; and Work Features; and the corresponding 13 sub-themes, with 294 discussion targets.Major outcomes from the research raises a range of issues associated with lecturer performance and research capacity building, where inadequate and biased lecturer performance mechanisms, which in turn, create pressures on lecturers to publish research, without funding or support processes. There would appear to be little university research commitment and orientation, leading to an impoverished research climate, with particular reliance on in-country publications, of ambiguous quality.
A Self-Evaluation Framework to Enrich Online Forum Work by Students in Graduate Contexts
Authors: Maynes Nancy , Hatt Blaine E. , Anand Amarpreet
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a model for self-evaluation of online learning contributions used with graduate students. The model is outlined, followed by a detailed assignment copy that shows students how to use the model and attendant criteria for each component of the model to plan, write, and assess their own online contributions as the sub-topics within a graduate course evolve. Finally, an example of one student’s self-analysis, developed using this framework is provided to show the depth and breadth of posts that can be garnered by applying this framework. The example is provided in three parts that correspond to the three elements of the model, in abbreviated form (i.e., where the student provided several examples, one example was chosen as a sample).
Pancreatic panniculitis and glomerulopathy in a Pomeranian dog. Clinical case
Authors: Bermúdez Paula , Castellanos Iovana
Published: January 2025

A 10–year–old Pomeranian with chronic ulcerative and bullous lesions, that did not respond to previous treatment with amoxicillin, cephalexin, levothyroxine and trilostane, was presented. A primary immune–mediated process was suspected on examination, and multifocal superficial pyoderma was identified. A skin biopsy revealed panniculitis of pancreatic or sterile nodular origin. Further tests confirmed that the dog had ongoing pancreatitis and glomerulopathy. Ultrasonography revealed enlargement of the pancreatic tissue and hyperechogenicity. Treatment with cyclosporine, tetracycline, niacinamide and omega–3 for 8 weeks resulted in a favorable response. However, 4 weeks after clinical improvement of the skin, the dog suddenly became paraplegic and lost deep nociception. Spinal cord compression type Acute Non–compressive Nucleus Pulposus Extrusion (ANNPE) was suspected, but could not be confirmed. This case documents the presentation of pancreatic panniculitis in a Pomeranian and the concomitant occurrence of possibly associated glomerulopathy and spinal cord trauma.
Determination of Mannheimia haemolytica and its macrolide antibiotic resistance genes in fibrinous pneumonia of cattle
Authors: Hatipoglu Fatih , Terzi Funda , Ates Mehmet Burak , Balevi Asli , Ozdemir Ozgur , Ortatatli Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Early diagnosis and timely initiation of effective treatment are critical for the pneumonic pasteurellosis, which is mostly caused by Mannheimia haemolytica. But recently, strains of M. haemolytica resistant to antibiotics have begun to emerge, making the treatment of infections more difficult. Therefore, it is important to investigate the erm (42), msr (E) and mph (E) genes, which are held responsible for the resistance to antibiotics.The purpose of the present study was aimed to diagnose the presence of M. haemolytica by IHC method from lung tissue samples of young and adult cattle, and calves, also to detect erm (42), msr (E) and mph (E) genes, which are mostly detected in Pasteurella multocida but recently detected in M. haemolytica, by PCR method. In present study, paraffin blocks obtained from 100 young and adult cattle, and calves lung samples, and whose treatment was not responded, were used. Accordingly, the presence of M. haemolytica was detected by IHC in a total 52 cases of in 21 (38%) of the calves, 22 (69%) of the young cattle, and 9 (69%) of the adult cattle. At least one macrolide resistance gene was found by real–time PCR method in 75% of these positive cases. It was thought that the percentage frequency of these genes, which cause resistance by increasing the minimum inhibitory concentrations of macrolide group antibiotics used in the treatment, by high amounts, makes the treatment of infections difficult and causes serious economic losses by causing errors in effective antibiotic selection. Recently, strains of M. haemolytica resistant to antibiotics have begun to emerge, making the treatment of infections more difficult. For this reason, it is recommended that this type of prevalence studies should be renewed periodically due to possible resistance development and the repeated use of antibiotics with resistive shape should be avoided.
Penggunaan Rasch Model untuk Menganalisis Konstruk Instrumen Resiliensi Matematis Peserta Didik
Authors: Meilani Ajeng , Rahayu Wardani , Hidajat Flavia Aurelia
Published: January 2025

Resiliensi matematis adalah kemampuan afektif yang harus dimiliki peserta didik untuk bertahan dalam menghadapi dan mengatasi masalah di dalam pembelajaran matematika. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research Development (R&D) dan melewati serangkaian pengumpulan data: 1) perencanaan; 2) pengembangan instrumen; 3) validasi teoritik; 4) uji lapangan; 5) validasi empiris; 6) analisis instrumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis validitas konstruk instrumen resiliensi matematis peserta didik menggunakan Rasch Model. Responden pada penelitian ini sebanyak 400 peserta didik SMA di Bekasi. Analisis data yang dilakukan menggunakan metode Rasch Model dengan aplikasi Winstep versi 3.73. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 27 item butir yang valid dan nilai Cronbach’s Alpha sebagai respresentasi dari interaksi antara person dengan keseluruhan item sebesar 0,83 tergolong dalam kategori baik. Nilai Person Reliability sebesar 0,80 tergolong cukup dan nilai sebesar 0,99 sebagai nilai Item Reliability. Oleh karena itu, instrumen ini dapat digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat resiliensi matematis peserta didik dengan layak dan kredibel.
Effects of wall perturbations on the stabilized FEM solution of steady MHD flow in a duct
Authors: Tezer-sezgin Münevver , Aydın Selçuk Han
Published: January 2025

In this study, the effects of curved boundary perturbations on the solution of steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) duct flow are investigated. Hartmann (upper and bottom) walls are perturbly curved and perfectly conducting while the side walls are insulated and plane. The velocity of the flow and induced magnetic field are obtained numerically by solving the steady MHD flow coupled equations using the finite element method (FEM with Streamline Upwind Petrov Galerkin (SUPG)) stabilization to inhibit instabilities in the flow. The results are obtained for Hartmann number ($Ha$) values up to $500$, for several definitions of the curved upper and bottom walls, and for several values of perturbation parameters of the curved walls ($0 \le \epsilon_u , \epsilon_b \le 0.3$). The velocity and the induced magnetic field sensitivity to the curved wall shapes are visualized in terms of equivelocity and current lines. It is found that the flow and the induced magnetic field are affected by the curved boundary shapes especially near those boundaries and also, to some extent, in the whole duct. It is also observed that increasing the Hartman number pushes the flow near the upper boundary even if both upper and bottom walls are perturbed since the external magnetic field applies vertically. The increase in the perturbation parameter of the curved upper boundary forces the flow to move through this wall and the induced magnetic field reaches its maximum value near the maximum points of the perturbed curve. Further, an increase in ${\rm Ha}$ delays the effect of the curved boundaries and gives rise to flattened flow with side layers and stagnant fluid at the central part of the duct overwhelming the effects of curved boundaries.
Mathematical modelling of the impact of vaccination, treatment and media awareness on the hepatitis B epidemic in Burkina Faso
Authors: Kiemtore Adama , Sawadogo Wenddabo Olivier , Ouédraogo Pegdwindé Ousséni Fabrice , Aqel Fatima , Alaa Hamza , Somda Kounpielime Sosthène , Serme Abdel Karim
Published: January 2025

Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a global public health issue. Particularly in Burkina Faso, HBV is a major public health concern due to its high prevalence and associated mortality. However, universal vaccination, treatment of chronic carriers, and awareness campaigns are currently employed means in Burkina Faso to combat the spread of HBV. Therefore, this paper aims to study the impact of these control measures on the expansion of this virus. This paper presents a mathematical model of vertically transmitted HBV that takes into account the progression to chronicity as a function of the age of the infected person, as well as vaccination, treatment of chronic carriers, and media awareness. After formulating the model and carrying out the mathematical analysis, we simulated the proposed model in Matlab, taking into account the various involved parameters. Finally, we presented the results of sensitivity analysis and numerical simulation. According to our model, with vaccination coverage of $30\%$, a $50\%$ success rate of awareness campaigns and $20\%$ effectiveness for the $10\%$ of treated chronic carriers, the prevalence of hepatitis B infection could decrease down to $2\%$ within thirty years in Burkina Faso.
Analysis of Cauchy problems for variable-order derivatives with Mittag-Leffler kernel
Authors: Koca İlknur
Published: January 2025

In this paper, the Cauchy problem for variable-order fractional differential equations incorporating the Mittag-Leffler kernel is explored. The variable-order derivative is modeled as a bounded function that adapts to the underlying dynamics of the system. The existence of a solution by utilizing a fixed-point theorem along with an iterative series that converges to the precise solution is established. The uniqueness of the solution is guaranteed by enforcing conditions like generalized Lipschitz continuity and linear growth conditions. This study contributes to the broader understanding of fractional calculus and its applications in complex systems where classical models are insufficient.
A non-linear diffusion problem with power-law diffusivity: An approximate solution experimenting with a modified sinc function
Authors: Hristov Jordan
Published: January 2025

Employing a modified version of the cardinal $Sinc_{\pi} \left(\pi x^{n} \right)$ function as the assumed profile, the work presents approximate solutions of a non-linear (degenerate) diffusion equation with a power-law-type concentration-dependent diffusivity in a semi-infinite domain by the integral-balance method (double integration technique). The behavior and basic features of a modified function $ Sinc_{\pi}\left(x^{n} \right)$ are addressed, highlighting how it is used in the generated approximate solutions. It has been successful in implementing the concept of the modified $sinc (x)$ function's variable (argument-dependent) exponent. To demonstrate the suitability of the suggested technique, comparative examinations concerning well-known approximate analytical and numerical problem solutions have been developed.
Boundary control of unsteady natural convective slip flow in reactive viscous fluids
Authors: Evcin Cansu
Published: January 2025

We consider the optimal control of unsteady natural convective flow of reactive viscous fluid with heat transfer. It is assumed that Newton's law governs the heat transfer within an exothermic reaction under Arrhenius kinetics and Navier slip condition on the lower surface of the channel. The flow is examined in a vertical channel formed by two infinite vertical parallel plates, with a distance (H) between them. Time-dependent natural convective slip flow of reactive viscous fluid and heat transfer equations are solved in a unit interval using the Galerkin-Finite Element Method (FEM) with quadratic finite elements in space and the implicit Euler method in time. The direct solutions are obtained for testing various values of the problem parameters: the Biot number, the Frank Kamenetskii parameter, the Navier slip parameter, and the computation of the skin friction and the Nusselt number $(Nu)$. The optimal control problem is designed for the momentum and energy equations to derive the fluid-prescribed velocity and temperature profiles by defining controls on the boundary of the domain in two ways: (a) controls are formulated as parameters in the boundary conditions, such as slip length and Biot number; (b) controls are assigned as time-dependent functions in the boundary conditions, representing the slip velocity and the heat transfer rate. Following a discretize-then-optimize approach to the control problem, optimization is performed by the SLSQP (Sequential Least Squares Programming) algorithm, a subroutine of SciPy. Numerically simulated results show that the proposed approach successfully drives the flow to prescribed velocity and temperature profiles.
Empowering Educators: Exploring Teacher Understanding and Implementation of Differentiated Instruction in Indonesian Primary Schools
Authors: Wiakta Putri Ni Luh Vidary , Mangunsong Frieda Maryam
Published: January 2025

Differentiated Instruction (DI) is recognized as an effective method for addressing varied student learning needs within a single classroom. However, integrating DI into teaching practices remains a challenge for many teachers. This non-experimental study employs a quantitative comparative design to examine the understanding and implementation of DI strategies among 330 in-service primary school teachers from 14 provinces in Indonesia, aged 22 to 60. The study utilized the Differentiated Instruction Scale, which was adapted into Bahasa Indonesia to ensure its relevance. The adaptation process followed the Guidelines for Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Self-Report Measures. Most respondents graduated from elementary school teacher education programs, with teaching experience spanning three months to 38 years. Results show that while teachers understand DI well, especially in the assessment category, implementation in product differentiation remains low. A significant gap exists between theoretical knowledge and practical application. Findings highlight the need for targeted professional development focusing on critical DI categories, especially Product differentiation. Recommendations stress the importance of structural support, ensuring teachers have the time and resources to develop varied learning products. Enhancing teachers' competence in DI is vital for meeting the diverse needs of students in Indonesian primary schools.
Situational Leadership Analysis of Madrasah Principals in Improving the Effectiveness of Madrasah Management at MTs Asuhan Medan
Authors: Afany Salisa , Syukri Makmur
Published: January 2025

This research addresses internal conflicts and challenges through a responsive and adaptive situational leadership approach. The study employs a qualitative descriptive research design, using observations, interviews, and documentation to gather data. The findings focus on the principal’s leadership practices, examining whether they are implemented effectively and appropriately. Situational leadership enables the principal to foster a positive learning environment, enhance teaching quality, and support students’ academic achievement. A supportive environment and effective management play crucial roles in achieving the goals of madrasah education. Overall, the situational leadership analysis indicates that the principal of MTs Asuhan Medan can significantly improve madrasah management through a flexible and adaptive approach. By understanding the unique needs and circumstances of staff and teachers and applying suitable leadership styles, the principal creates a productive and harmonious work environment, ultimately enhancing the quality of education offered to students. The situational leadership approach employed by the principal of MTs Asuhan Medan is instrumental in improving madrasah management effectiveness. By adapting to various needs and situations, this leadership style enables the principal to provide appropriate direction, support, participation, and delegation to staff and teachers. Situational leadership allows the principal to tailor their approach to staff competencies and commitment levels, boosting their motivation and engagement in administrative and instructional responsibilities.
Analysis of Self-Regulated Learning Levels in Prospective Elementary School Teacher Students in Surakarta
Authors: Adi Fadhil Purnama , Atmojo Idam Ragil Widianto , Matsuri Matsuri , Chumdari Chumdari , Ardiansyah Roy , Saputri Dwi Yuniasih
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on self-regulated learning (SRL), a process in which individuals actively control their learning process through planning, monitoring, and self-evaluation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of SRL in the Surakarta Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program. The method used was a survey. The population in this study consisted of students from the Elementary School Teacher Education (ESTE) Program at the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, UNS Surakarta. The sample comprised 105 students. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire encompassing aspects of metacognition, motivation, and behavior. The data analysis technique employed descriptive statistics. The results showed that the level of SRL of Surakarta Elementary School Teacher Education students was in the moderate category. Although students have demonstrated adequate SRL abilities, several aspects still need to be improved, especially in terms of time management and learning strategies. This shows that although students have managed their learning quite well, there is still room for improvement in these aspects. These findings provide valuable insights for curriculum development and teaching strategies in the Surakarta Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program. By understanding weaknesses in time management and learning strategies, curriculum development and teaching methods can be focused on these areas to further support the improvement of students' SRL, thereby improving the effectiveness of their learning and academic outcomes.
Analysis of Elementary School Students' Learning Readiness in the Implementation of Differentiated Learning
Authors: Matsuri Matsuri , Atmojo Idam Ragil Widianto , Saputri Dwi Yuniasih , Kholifah Cindy Nur
Published: January 2025

This study analyzes the learning readiness of elementary school students in implementing differentiated learning, on grade IV-VI students in Cluster 1 Puntadewa, Serengan District, Surakarta City. Differentiated learning involves modifying content, processes, and products according to student's readiness, interests, and learning profiles. This study uses a descriptive quantitative approach with data obtained through a learning readiness scale. The population in this study consists of students in grades IV–VI from elementary schools in the Puntadewa 1 Cluster, Serengan District, Surakarta City, for the 2023/2024 academic year. The sampling technique used was cluster random sampling, which included two schools: SD Negeri Kartodipuran and SD Muhammadiyah 14. The learning readiness scale in this study consisted of 40 statement items covering four aspects of learning readiness: (1) physical readiness, (2) psychological readiness, (3) material readiness, and (4) attitude and knowledge. The results showed that students had varying levels of learning readiness, which were divided into three categories: high, medium, and low. Differentiated learning helps students with high learning readiness achieve better results than those with medium and low learning readiness. The implications of this study support the use of differentiated learning strategies to improve the effectiveness and inclusiveness of learning.
Health Care Educators Perception of Students Regarding Guidance And Counseling At Higher Educational Institutions-A Pilot Study
Authors: M R Dr Dhakshaini , S Dr Meenakshi , H P Dr Chanchala , M Dr Kishor , S Dr Manjula , S Dr Rashmi
Published: January 2025

This pilot study investigated healthcare educators' perceptions of guidance and counselling services in higher education institutions. Healthcare educators generally agree that students exhibit engagement in classroom activities; however, they identify a lack of specific skills and attitudes critical for academic success. Approximately 50 percent of healthcare educators with at least ten years of experience in higher education reported a decline in these competencies. The emerging themes from healthcare educators’ feedback suggest that students' skills and work ethics have diminished while their sense of entitlement, particularly regarding academic grades, has increased. Furthermore, healthcare educators attributed this decline to insufficient preparation for fundamental skills from secondary education, the prevailing culture and politics within secondary schooling, students' unrealistic expectations of higher education, and their active lifestyles outside the classroom.
Comparación del rendimiento de los procesos de pirolisis del PET, LDPE y PS, en un reactor prototipo de proceso discontinuo
Authors: Torres Jorge , Vinces Milton , Castro Pedro , Arias Jaime
Published: January 2025

This document-template provides detailed instructions for preparing and submitting a paper Abstract. In this study, the critical factors of the pyrolysis process of plastics to obtain liquid hydrocarbons derived from petroleum were determined. The evaluation of these factors consisted of tests at specific temperatures of 350, 395 and 400°C using different types of plastics, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The tests were carried out in a batch reactor with an average reaction time of 10 minutes. It was found that PS, processed at 395°C for 8 minutes, produced the highest number of liquid hydrocarbons, with an average yield of 91% by weight compared to the liquid products. In contrast, PET generated less than 30% of the product, while LDPE achieved a yield of 84%. The determining factors were the average temperature, the thermal insulation of the reactor and the selection of the type of plastic. Other factors, such as pressure and reaction rate, also proved to have a relevant impact on the process results.
Caracterización de la Producción de Combustibles Obtenidos mediante la Pirolisis de Poliestireno
Authors: Navarro Diego , Angulo Silvana , Castro Pedro , Salazar Dany
Published: January 2025

Este estudio aborda la caracterización específica de los combustibles obtenidos a través de la pirólisis de poliestireno luego de ser analizados en laboratorios y realizar un estudio de su aplicabilidad.  La pirólisis es la descomposición química de materiales, a través de calentarlos a altas temperaturas sin la presencia de oxigeno para descomponerlos en fracciones más simples. La investigación se centró en evaluar la viscosidad, punto de inflamación, densidad y destilación ASTM y luego se compararon los resultados con los estándares de los combustibles comerciales. Los resultados muestran que los combustibles derivados del pirólisis tienen características intermedias entre el diésel y la gasolina, con una densidad similar al diésel, pero una viscosidad y un punto de inflamación más cercanos a la gasolina. La destilación revela una mezcla de componentes volátiles y no volátiles, lo que sugiere que estos combustibles podrían ser alternativas, aunque se necesitan pruebas adicionales para evaluar su rendimiento y seguridad en aplicaciones específicas para validar la viabilidad y seguridad de los productos derivados del pirólisis del poliestireno como combustibles alternativos.
Redistribución del caudal de agua de los barrios rurales en la parroquia Juan Montalvo de la ciudad de Latacunga mediante la automatización del proceso, usando instrumentos de medición de nivel y sistema de control
Authors: De La Cruz Tania , Figueroa Olmedo J.
Published: January 2025

Este artículo analiza y presenta una propuesta para automatizar la distribución de agua potable a cuatro barrios rurales de la parroquia Juan Montalvo, en Latacunga, con el objetivo de optimizar su asignación. Durante muchos años, la escasez de agua y la ausencia de un sistema para su distribución eficiente han representado desafíos persistentes para los hogares en las áreas rurales de Ecuador. Para abordar esta problemática, se desarrolló una propuesta de control de caudal que considera tanto la disponibilidad continua del recurso, independientemente de la estación, como el tamaño de la población en cada barrio de Juan Montalvo. La solución propuesta incluye la implementación de un sistema de control PID para regular de manera proporcional la apertura y cierre de las válvulas de control. Los porcentajes de apertura de las válvulas se diseñaron en función del número de habitantes de cada barrio, lo que garantiza una distribución equitativa de los recursos hídricos entre las comunidades. La automatización del proceso de distribución de agua potable representa un avance significativo en la gestión de recursos hídricos. Esta propuesta minimiza el desperdicio al asegurar un control preciso de los flujos hacia cada barrio, contribuyendo al uso sostenible de los recursos hídricos.
PENGARUH PROMOSI, REVIEW CUSTOMER DAN PERSEPSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN FASHION TIKTOK SHOP DI BATAM
Authors: Rizka Rahmadhannul Putri  , Inda Sukati
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak promosi, review customer, dan persepsi konsumen terhadap keputusan pembelian produk fashion di TikTok Shop di Batam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengn jenis deskriptif. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari konsumen TikTok Shop yang membeli produk fashion di Batam pada tahun 2024, meskipun jumlah pastinya tidak diketahui. Sampel diambil menggunakan rumus Lameshow, yang menghasilkan 100 responden dengan teknik purposive sampling. Metode analisis data melibatkan uji kualitas data, uji asumsi klasik, uji pengaruh dan uji hipotesis. Hasil analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa promosi memberikan pengaruh 20,0% terhadap keputusan pembelian, review customer berpengaruh 42,8% terhadap keputusan pembelian, dan persepsi konsumen terhadap promosi berpengaruh 22,6% terhadap keputusan pembelian. Analisis koefisien determinasi (R2) menunjukkan bahwa promosi, review customer, dan persepsi konsumen menjelaskan 76,6% keputusan pembelian. Uji t dan uji F mendukung kesimpulan bahwa promosi, review customer, dan persepsi konsumen memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, baik secara individual maupun bersamaan
Mengintegrasikan Kecerdasan Emosional, Kecerdasan Spiritual Dan Kecerdasan Buatan Dalam Praktik-Praktik Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Organisasi Bisnis
Authors: Iskandar Iskandar
Published: January 2025

With the increasingly complex and dynamic business world, the integration of emotional intelligence (EQ), spiritual intelligence (SQ), and artificial intelligence (AI) into human resource management (HRM) practices offers a holistic approach to improving workplace effectiveness and well-being. Emotional intelligence plays a vital role in managing interpersonal relationships, communication, and conflict management, which are crucial for effective leadership and teamwork. Spiritual intelligence supports the search for meaning and purpose in work, creating an organizational culture that aligns with personal and collective values. Artificial intelligence, on the other hand, automates processes, provides data-driven analytics, and improves operational efficiency through cutting-edge technology. Integrating these three intelligences can create a more productive, innovative, and fulfilling work environment. This article examines the basic theories of each intelligence and explains how their application in HRM practices can yield significant benefits to organizations.
PEMANTAUAN BERBASIS ELEKTRONIK (MEDICATION EVENT MONITORING SYSTEM (MEMS)) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEPATUHAN TERHADAP TERAPI ANTIRETROVIRAL PADA ANAK DENGAN INFEKSI HIV/AIDS: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS
Authors: Rani Amelia Hartika , Budiyati Dwi , Farizal Rinezia Rinza , Purwati Nyimas Heny , Nursanti Irna
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Background : Tuberkulosis masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian akibat penyakit menular di seluruh dunia. Kepatuhan terhadap pengobatan antiretroviral (ARV) untuk infeksi HIV merupakan tantangan besar karena melibatkan banyak faktor. Tinjauan sistematis ini mengikuti daftar periksa pedoman PRISMA dan mencakup artikel dari berbagai database, seperti Pubmed, Cochrane dan Proquest.  Penilaian kualitas setiap artikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). Pencarian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci “Therapy ARV, Anak HIV/AIDS, Monitoring System, Kepatuhan ARV” . Mengikuti Kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi 10 artikel relevan diidentifikasi, tidak termasuk duplikat, terbatas pada makalah lengkap, akses terbuka, dan ditulis dalam bahasa inggris.  Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemantauan berbasis elektronik menunjukkan peningkatan kepatuhan minum obat. Studi lain juga mencatat bahwa perangkat pemantauan elektronik dapat menciptakan peningkatan sementara dalam kepatuhan namun kemudian menurun setelah beberapa waktu. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pemantauan berbasis elektronik dapat memberikan dampak klinis yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan pemenuhan minuman obat. Pemantauan elektronik menjadi penting, terutama pada anak-anak dan remaja yang menghadapi tantangan unik terkait kepatuhan.
 
Keywods: Therapy ARV, Anak HIV/AIDS, Monitoring System, Kepatuhan ARV
Enhancing older adults’ gait: a systematic review of multicomponent exercises for fall prevention
Authors: Allendorf Diego Brum , Ferrony Ana Júlia de Azevedo , Felipe Sarah Giulia Bandeira , Baptista Rafael Reimann
Published: January 2025

Physical capacity changes during the aging process and some of these changes are present in the daily lives of older people, such as decreased muscle mass, which can cause gait disorders and consequently increase the risk of falls. Age-related health issues contribute to a higher incidence of falls among older adults. This study investigated the effects of multicomponent physical exercise programs on the gait biomechanics of both fall-prone and non-fall-prone older adults. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023442345). The research adhered to the PICO framework, and database search included PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies assessing the impact of multicomponent exercises on gait biomechanics in older adults were included. Of 949 articles identified, 6 met the inclusion criteria. These studies used various intervention models, including walking, combined aerobic and resistance training, and dance exercises using video games. The findings indicate that regular physical activity and muscle strength and flexibility enhancements can improve gait features, including speed, step length, and phases of foot-ground contact. Multicomponent exercises effectively enhanced gait biomechanics and reduced the risk of falls in older adults. Interventions combining aerobic and resistance training offer benefits to quality of life, highlighting the need for exercise programs tailored to diverse risk profiles. Future research should investigate longer-duration and more frequent interventions, as well as incorporate psychological components to promote healthy aging.
The Implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in Biology Learning on Genetic Concepts
Authors: Herliyanti Adinda , Putri Dea Della , Usman Usman , Sujiman Sujiman
Published: January 2025

This study analyzed the implementation of Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model in biology learning on genetic concepts of grade XII at one of the public high schools in Tangerang Regency. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PjBL in improving students' learning outcomes and their engagement in the learning process. The research was conducted using descriptive method which included one learning cycle with four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The results showed that the implementation of PjBL was able to improve students' active participation, creativity, as well as learning outcomes, with most students scoring above 90. However, some students with scores below 80 showed a lack of engagement in the group. The PjBL model proved effective in creating meaningful and in-depth learning experiences for students.