bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling for Policy Science-based models as performative boundary objects for Dutch policy making
Authors: Egmond Stans van , Zeiss Ragna
Published: January 2021

This paper investigates the role of models for policy by drawing on and exploring the tensions between the notions of boundary objects and performativity. The notion of boundary object has proven to be useful in gaining a better understanding both of the hybrid character of science-based models and their role in the coordination between different social worlds. However, by assuming that these worlds remain stable, an investigation into the performative nature of models tends to be overlooked. Therefore, this paper investigates how models are constituted by negotiations between scientists and policymakers and at the same time constitute social worlds. It examines two simulation models developed in different Dutch policy contexts: a macroeconomic model for the health care system and an ecological landscape planning and assessment model. The paper shows that models not only actively coordinate social worlds but also contribute to changing them. The performativity of models ranges from generic instrumental) to substantial as they infl uence social worlds to the extent that these worlds start behaving the way models describe.
Alcohol health promotion research and policy in the Nordic countries - a literature review 1986-2008
Authors: Thorpenberg Stefan
Published: January 2021

The problem with culture infl uencing research is visible in Nordic alcohol health promotion research. This study includes peer reviewed articles in alcohol health promotion in the Nordic countries and analyses the content of top-down vs. bottomup,and individual vs. community/governmental approaches for health promotion activities. The results shows that Sweden, Finland, Norway and Iceland tend to aim for reducing alcohol use in general, in order to decrease the incidence of alcohol related problems. Swedish articles are more often top-down, and discuss government regulations for the purpose. The Danish approach is more bottom-up and shows trust in the individuals abilities to take care of his/her health issues. The results from the research cannot serve as a guide for ordinary citizens and there is a need for a policy discussion on these issues in health promotion research, as well as policy circles.
The ‘Industrialization’ of Doctoral Training? A Study of the Experiences of Doctoral Students and Supervisors
Authors: Louvel Séverine
Published: January 2021

There is growing concern that academic work is becoming more and more ‘industrialized’ in various disciplinary and institutional settings - that the work practices, professional identities and values of academia are becoming similar to those of the private sector. While most studies discuss this topic in the context of senior scientists, this paper considers doctoral training in the life-sciences in France, and, more specifically, analyzes changes in the doctoral experiences over the last four decades. Interviews with doctoral students and supervisors allow for tracking shifts in how French life-scientists define the values of doctoral training in their daily activities. Our results challenge the idea of some univocal and radical ‘industrialization’ of doctoral training, instead showing a strong interplay between continuity and change. The core values of doctoral training remain, but the rationales for promoting different aspects of doctoral studies have changed, and increasingly depend on how French life-scientists position themselves in the context of contemporary imperatives of institutional relevance and scientific competition.
Empiricist Interventions: Strategy and Tactics on the Ontopolitical Battlefield
Authors: Munk Anders Kristian , Abrahamsson Sebastian
Published: January 2021

Recent papers by prominent scholars in science and technology studies (notably John Law and Bruno Latour) have crystallized a fundamental disagreement about the scope and purpose of intervention in actor-network theory or what we here choose to bracket as empirical philosophy. While the precept of agnostic description is taken as a given, the desired effects of such descriptions are highly debated: Is the goal to interfere with the singularity of the real through the enactment of multiple and possibly conflicting ontologies? Or is it (also) to craft new and comprehensive common worlds supported by notions of due process and parliamentary procedure? In this paper we think about this disagreement as a question of research strategy (a normative discord about the desirable outcome of an intervention) in order to assess its implications for research tactics (a descriptive accord about the practical crafting of an adequate account). A key point here is to challenge the impermeability of such a division and show how the strategic dispute, if to be taken seriously, invariably spills over to swamp the level of tactics. To illustrate this point, we draw upon materials from our recent doctoral research projects and to facilitate the discussion we make two deliberate caricatures: Firstly, we operate with a simplified history of actor-network theory in which a strategy of epistemological critique has been replaced by two contending agendas for ontological intervention. Secondly, we address these two contending agendas as distinct options which map on to the positions of our two main interlocutors. In doing so, it becomes possible to compare their respective tactical implications as we work through two examples of what might constitute an empiricist intervention.
Evaluating Urban Energy Systems in the UK – the Implications for Financing Heat Networks
Authors: Webb Janette
Published: January 2021

UK energy policies position urban heat networks as components of a resilient low carbon, aff ordable system, but, as Stewart Russell’s work showed, such technologies have never been integrated into UK provision. This paper takes Russell’s legacy forward by examining prospects for urban district heating and combined heat and power development in the context of the fi nancial, rather than technological, innovations shaped by liberalised energy and fi nancial markets. Drawing on sociology of markets and social studies of fi nance, the paper examines the resulting evaluation practices. Findings indicate that such district energy infrastructure does not conform to the investment calculus, making a business case hard to establish. Bridging the value gap between liberalised fi nance and district energy requires actors willing to devise improvised solutions. In spite of the established sustainability credentials of the technology therefore, signifi cant deployment in the UK (and similar countries) will depend on political leadership and new fi scal policy.
District Heating in the UK: Prospects for a Third National Programme
Authors: Hawkey David J C
Published: January 2021

The UK has seen periodic attempts to develop large district heating (DH) networks to make use of residual heat from industry and power generation. Under concerns about climate change and energy security, DH has recently re-emerged in policy visions for future heat systems with small decentralised combined heat and power (CHP) generators playing a key role in the establishment of such networks. This paper draws on Stewart Russell’s accounts of earlier DH programmes, asking to what extent the reasons he concluded CHP and DH were systematically excluded continue to marginalise the technologies. In spite of governance changes which ostensibly open new opportunities for experimentation, key structural issues challenge the development of decentralised energy, particularly the alignment of the electricity sector to a centralised system and the dependency of local governments with limited capacity on central government. The reluctance of central government to engage in system planning and the failure to integrate policies related to energy production and energy consumption limit the eff ectiveness of support for DH.
Keeping Systems at Work
Authors: Silvast Antti , Virtanen Mikko J
Published: January 2021

This article discusses the reliability of electricity supply and the management of its uncertainties from a systems theoretical point of view. We begin by outlining recent Science and Technology Studies (STS) literature about energy systems, infrastructures and practices concerning their use and argue that many current discussions hold promise in two directions: one concerns the brittleness and uncertainty of the electricity system that is seen as an ongoing achievement, the other is about broader structuring factors and contexts that should also be acknowledged when researching such systems. With an aim of developing this two-part focus, the paper advances systems theoretical considerations about the electricity infrastructure and proposes an analysis tool to study the necessary reductions of complexity of the infrastructure in two emblematic settings. The sites are infrastructure control rooms on the one hand and households on the other hand. The article concludes by discussing the different reductions of complexity by electricity users and electricity experts through using the theoretical point of view presented in the article.
From the Social Shaping of Technology to the Staging of Temporary Spaces of Innovation − A Case of Participatory Innovation
Authors: Clausen Christian , Gunn Wendy
Published: January 2021

This paper addresses recent developments within the social shaping perspective, specifically the forward-looking and political dimensions of intervening in processes of innovation. With a focus on the concept of ‘temporary spaces’ as an analytical framework we present a study of a case on participatory innovation concerned with indoor climate practices in the building sector. Based on an analysis of the travel and uptake of narratives derived from fi eld studies in industrial and research environments, we discuss the role of intermediaries such as ethnographic provocations concerning user practices in the staging of these temporary spaces. While the direct uptake of qualitative knowledge on user practice in the engineering worlds of indoor climate is limited, the paper highlights the role of staging temporary spaces and intermediary objects in collaboration with stakeholders as a way of reframing conceptions of indoor climate practices.
A measure of ‘environmental happiness’: Infrastructuring environmental risk in oil and gas off shore operations
Authors: Parmiggiani Elena , Monteiro Eric
Published: January 2021

We know little about the marine environment, particularly in the inhospitable Arctic region. Whereas national authorities often rely on the construction of a solid knowledge base to allow human activity access to new areas, scientists point to the impossibility of building comprehensive knowledge of subsea ecosystems. This paper presents an ethnographic study of a Norwegian oil and gas company’s development of a knowledge infrastructure for measuring the long-term trend of the behaviour of the marine environment, i.e. a baseline to be used as a reference to calculate potential risks in a commercially relevant Arctic area. The company’s infrastructuring mechanisms involve selecting and configuring environmental sensing technologies, and tying them into the fabric of the company’s operational analysis routines. We identify and discuss how these mechanisms address and articulate temporal, spatial, and social tensions and how, in so doing, they mould new representations of environmental risk.
The Daily Shaping of State Transparency: Standards, Machine-Readability and the Configuration of Open Government Data Policies
Authors: Goëta Samuel , Davies Tim
Published: January 2021

While many governments are now committed to release Open Government Data under non-proprietarystandardized formats, less attention has been given to the actual consequences of these standardsfor knowledge workers. Unpacking the history of three open data standards (CSV, GTFS, IATI), thispaper shows what is actually happening when these standards are enacted in the work practices ofbureaucracies. It is built on participant-observer enquiry and interviews focussed on the back rooms ofopen data, and looking specifi cally at the invisible work necessary to construct open datasets. It showsthat the adoption of open standards is increasingly becoming an indicator of the advancement of opendata programmes. Enacting open standards involves much more than simple technical operations, itoperates a quiet and localised transformation of bureaucracies, in which the decisions of data workershave substantive consequences for how the open government data and transparency agendas areperformed.Keywords: Open Government Data; Open Standards; Enactment; Infrastructure Studies; DataAssemblages
“To Infinity and Beyond!”: Inner Tensions in Global Knowledge Infrastructures Lead to Local and Pro-active ‘Location’ Information
Authors: Shavit Ayelet , Silver Yael
Published: January 2021

We follow two biodiversity knowledge infrastructures that hold conceptual and practical inner tensions, and we argue that some of these diffi culties emerge from overlooking local information and different understandings of the term location. The ambiguity emerges from two basic concepts of space – exogenous and interactionist – that are both necessary yet readily suggest inconsistent practices – global standardization and local fl exibility – to organize location records. Researchers in both infrastructures fi rst standardized, digitized and globalized their records, then discovered inner tensions, and fi nally alternated between globally interoperable and locally fl exible records. Our story suggests a broader lesson: since both types of ‘location’ information are necessary; and since vast resources were already invested in globalizing knowledge infrastructures; then investing in local knowledge infrastructures and in alternating between both types of memory practices seems the most rational option, and a good way to resist epistemic injustice affl icting local knowledge in peripheral localities.Keywords: biodiversity, database, epistemic-injustice
Attachments to Participatory Digital Infrastructures in the Cultural Heritage Sector
Authors: Stuedahl Dagny , Runardotter Mari , Mörtberg Christina
Published: January 2021

This paper explores knowledge infrastructures developed with the aim of opening cultural heritage institutions for public access and involvement. We concentrate on the new modes of knowledge production of professionals and amateur experts involved in the design and use of open archives and wiki communities as a part of transformations towards participatory digital public infrastructures. Ideas of crowdsourcing, policies of open data and engagements in community-based cultural heritage influence participants’ visions of future ways of generating, sharing and maintaining their knowledge. The paper identifi es how the concept of attachments may help us analytically to understand the dynamics of multiple situated knowledges that are played out when people embrace digital technologies and open-data policies to connect past, present and future orientation of cultural heritage engagements.Keywords: knowledge infrastructuring, attachments, future orientation
Laupeus ja inhimillisyys
Authors: Takanen Ringa
Published: January 2021

Lektio
Fretting test rig with variable normal force
Authors: Meuronen Jaakko , Mäntylä Antti , Vaara Joona , Hintikka Jouko , Juoksukangas Janne , Lehtovaara Arto , Frondelius Tero
Published: January 2021

Fretting is small amplitude reciprocating sliding between surfaces, and it may quickly causes surface cracks, which can continue growing under cyclic loads, until the structure breaks entirely as a result of the fretting fatigue. Fretting can also produce hardened wear particles as a result of adhesive wear, which then accelerates abrasive wear. In this case, the community uses the term fretting wear. The design of heavily loaded contacts, susceptible to fretting, is a difficult task because there is no generally accepted design guide. More extensive fretting research is needed to create them. This paper introduces detailed design phases for a equipment (rig) for a variable normal force fretting test. Supporting high radial and normal forces such that there is minimal run-out between the specimens was the most significant design challenge. The combination of a hydrostatic radial bearing and elastic torque shaft was selected for the detail design phase based on FE-analyses, calculations, and overall evaluation. The frame of the test rig consists of the main frame, which supports mainly the normal force and two torque frames, which support torque cylinders. Many solutions, which were found to be working in the current "ring-ring" apparatus of Tampere University, could be utilized in the new test rig like the tapered connections of the specimens, the elastic rod of the torque lever, axial displacement plate, and contact pressure adjustment system. The designed test rig enables fretting tests with 0 Hz to 20 Hz cycle frequency so that normal and tangential force or displacement can be controlled independently of each other. The normal force cannot change from compression to tension dynamically, but the adhesive force of the contact can be measured by slowly increasing the tension force. The designed fretting test rig fulfills all essential requirements, which were set.
Investigating the factors affecting the internet of things (IOT) adoption model -an exploratory study in Egypt
Authors:   Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport Alexandria, Egypt, Zaky Ghada , Shawky Prof. Ayman ,   Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport Alexandria, Egypt, Ragheb Prof.  Mohamed A. ,   Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport Alexandria, Egypt
Published: January 2021

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the factors that affect developing countries especially Egyptian users to adopt IOT Applications/devices, and to what extent those variables affect the overall attitude towards, behavioral intentions and actual usage of IOT applications/devices. Moreover, to develop an extended adoption model by integrating the security concern and privacy concern in UTAUT2 model. Design/Methodology: a descriptive quantitative approach was adopted, and a comprehensive research model was adapted from literature and then tested via an online questionnaire. Results/Findings: The findings revealed that Effort Expectancy, Facilitating Conditions and Security Concern all have a significant positive effect on the overall intention towards using IOT applications/devices in Egypt. Theoretical and practical implications: The Internet of Things (IOT) has emerged as an innovative computing technology destined to optimize business operations and create new products and services. IOT enable the devices to communicate and integrate with one another to collect, exchange, and make data accessible through the Internet. It is projected that by 2025, over 50 billion devices will be connected to the IOT network, reaching a market value of up to $11 trillion. This study adapted the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) as the theoretical framework and its findings contribute to the literature by adding security and privacy concerns as new predictor variables. This contributes theoretically to the current literature by providing meaningful insights into the main factors that affect using IOT Applications/Devices in developing countries specially Egypt. This study’s conceptual effort provided an overall overview of how IOT users arrive at choosing (or not choosing) to use IOT applications/devices. Additionally, the analytic effort of this study provided a holistic assessment of the role of each variable. One critical question in this case is whether industrial leaders should assign an equal number of resources to each variable or not. By assessing the significance of each variable, the researcher attempted to clarify the comparative importance of each variable in forecasting purchase intentions and decisions to use IOT applications/devices.
The effect of E-learning on education process enhancement & in-house customers' satisfaction (An experimental design)
Authors:   Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport, Egypt, Merzeban Amani Younes , El-Sayed Ismail M. ,   Nile University, Egypt, Ragheb Mohamed A. ,   Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime Transport, Egypt
Published: January 2021

At present, Higher education sector in Egypt plays an important role. The exponential change in technology initiates improving its services. As a result of the increased pressure to improve competitiveness, and due to COVID19 circumstances, academic institutions are motivated to adopt a system perspective, elevating strategies towards achieving E-learning. This research is mainly targeting exploring practices of E-learning in higher education, its influence on enhancing the education process and in-house customers' satisfaction (students). There’s a dissimilarity between E-learning teaching and the traditional teaching, there are many debates. Creating effective E-learning environment has become a top priority for higher academic institutions. The parameters of the E-learning system effectiveness are not revealed. The main objective of this research is to find out whether the online teaching method compared to the traditional teaching method, in different colleges of the Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT); will achieve a higher quality level than that created using the traditional education approach in specific. The research aims at exploring students’ perceptions towards E-Learning teaching method & traditional teaching method concerning learning environment satisfaction, quality of achievements and performance. The research approaches adopted in this study includes executing an experimental study using a quasi-experiment design to direct the Arab Academy for Science, Technology & Maritime transport (AASTMT) to different knowledge bases in instruction technology. Moreover, the findings from this research would provide evidence and add to the body of knowledge in higher education. The methodology of the research is seeking to apply E-learning to manage development and improve performance, as a starting point to assess the effect of applying E-learning on enhancing the education process. This research is the first in higher education in Egypt to hold a comparison between teaching methods and study the effect of this combination of dimensions together and analyze the E-Learning teaching method effect on enhancing education and improving quality. Finally, the research will elaborate the problems faced to improve the E-Learning teaching method as a prerequisite for higher education since the beginning of COVID19 pandemic.
Havis Amanda ja aikalaisnaisliikkeen julkiset tulkinnat, kuvitelmat ja uskonto
Authors: Viholainen Aila
Published: January 2021

Havis Amanda -patsas on ollut koko historiansa ajan keskustelujen ja kiistelyn kohde. Heti ilmestyttyään Helsingin katukuvaan syyskuussa vuonna 1908 se synnytti kiihkeän debatin. Kulttuurikiista on ollut usean tutkimuksen kohteena. Aiemmista tutkimuksista poiketen keskityn artikkelissani naisten lehdistöjulkisuudessa etsittämiin teksteihin. Asetan kirjoitukset moniulotteiseen aikalaiskontekstiin, joka kehystää analyysiäni ja kirjoittautuu siihen. Naisten kirjoituksissa kuvitellaan haluttua tulevaisuutta ja mahdollisia maailmoja. Analysoin sitä, millaista yhteiskuntaa ja millaisia naiseuksia kirjoituksissa kuvitellaan ja millä lailla niitä rakennetaan. Suomalaisessa naistutkimuksessa korostetaan tuolloista luterilaisen uskonnon hegemonista asemaa yhteiskunnallisen järjestyksen ja yksilöllisen elämän perustana. Jäljitän, kuinka luterilainen hegemonisuus ja uskonnollisuus yleisemmin näkyy naisten kirjoituksissa – vai eikö näy? 

Analyysini vaatii vahvaa tieteidenvälisyyttä. Osa uskonnontutkijoista kritisoi tehtyä uskonnontutkimusta siitä, että tieteidenvälisyyttä ja niistä löytyvää monimetodisuutta ei olla otettu riittävässä määrin käyttöön. Esitän artikkelillani yhden mahdollisuuden tutkia uskontoa ja uskonnolliseksi miellettyä aiempaa laajempana sosiokulttuurisena kokonaisuutena.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN CITRA MEREK TERHADAP KEPUASAN WISATAWAN NUSANTARA MENGGUNAKAN TRANSPORTASI ONLINE GRAB DI KUTA, BALI
Authors: Sendy Ludju Maria Laru , Kusuma Negara I Made , Eka Mahadewi Ni Putu
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to explain the effect of service quality and brand image on the satisfaction of domestic tourists who used Grab online transportation in Kuta, Bali. The research method used in this research was quantitative and qualitative research methods (mix methods). Questionnaires were distributed to 150 domestic tourists with a sample determination method using purposive sampling. The method of data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS 18.0 program. The results of this study stated that partially the quality of service had a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction of domestic tourists with the dominant dimension being the tangible dimension and brand I mage giving a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction of domestic tourists with the dominating dimension being the support of the brand association. Simultaneously, the quality of service and brand image had a positive and significant influence on the satisfaction of domestic tourists. The R Square value of 0.672 meant that 67,2% of tourist satisfaction could be explained by the variable service quality and brand image, while the remaining 32,8% was influenced by other variables not examined in this study.
KONSEP BRAND STORYTELLING, VALUE PERCEPTIONS DAN VISIT INTENTION PADA KAWASAN TUJUAN WISATA DI JAKARTA
Authors: Lily Anita Tiurida , Sukma Lestari Nurul
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of brand storytelling on value perceptions and its impact on Visit Intention on tourism destinations in Jakarta (Survey on YouTube Channel of Taman Mini Indonesia Indah). The survey was conducted on 100 subscribers of the YouTube Channel of TMII Official. With purposive sampling technique and Path analysis technique to analyze this study, the results show that 1) Brand storytelling has a significant effect of 0.680 or 68,0% on value perceptions; 2) Value perceptions significantly influence 0,477 or 47,7% to visit intention; 3) Brand storytelling directly affects significantly 0,438 or 43,8%, to Visit intention, while its influence indirectly equal to 0,324 or 32,4% through value perceptions, with total influence 0,762 or 76,2%. The findings in this study indicate that Brand storytelling is one of the effective strategies in forming value perceptions so that it can influence visit intention.
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENDORONG DAN PENARIK WISATAWAN BERKUNJUNG KE LABUAN BAJO, KABUPATEN MANGGARAI BARAT
Authors: Santi Jaimun Susana , Suardana I Wayan , Suwena I Ketut
Published: January 2021

Labuan Bajo is one of the 10 priority destinations, which   the  Govermment is currenty focusing on in developing both its attraction and facilities that support the sustainability of the tourism activities. To support this goverment policy, Labuan Bajo regional tourism   actors must understand the needs of tourists and develop and maintain existing touris attractions, so that they can attract torists to visit. The purposes of this research are to anlyses the push and pull factors that motivate the tourist traveled to Labuan Bajo. The sampling technique used purposive sampling by distributing 100 questionnaires via google form to tourist who have visited Labuan Bajo. The data was used the likert scale model questionnaire  which was calibated using the coefficient 0,5. The data analysis technique is descriptive quantitative using factor analysis and processed by the application SPSS 23.0 for windows. The data collection technique are interviews, observation, literature and questionnaires. The results showed were four factors that push tourists to visit Labuan Bajo, namely Escape, novelty, prestige, and looking for luxurious and exclusive places and seven  factors that pull tourists to visit Labuan Bajo, namely hunting, culture and history, budget, facilities, ease to travel. , affordable food and beverage prices as well as cleanliness and safety of facilities. The dominant factor that push tourists to visit Labuan Bajo is the escape factor with an eigenvalue 2,029 with a diversity of indicators of 16,912%, while the dominant factor that pull tourists to visit Labuan Bajo is hunting with an eigenvalue of 2,554 and a diversity of indicators of 13,441%.
Исследование потребительских свойств вина из ягод рябины бузинолистной
Authors: Благонравова Майя
Published: January 2021

В статье приводятся результаты оценки качества вина из рябины бузинолистной. Представлена технологическая схема производства. Органолептическую оценку проводили профильным методом и методом балльных шкал. Установлено, что вино из рябины имеет коричневый цвет с плодовым вкусом, умеренной спиртуозностью и бархатистой терпкостью. Вкус вина характеризуется как свежий, умеренный и гармоничный, с долгим приятным послевкусием. По химическим показателям (объемная доля этилового спирта, массовая концентрация сахаров, массовая концентрация титруемых кислот, массовая концентрация остаточного экстракта) вино полностью соответствует требованиям стандарта к винам столовым полусухим. The article presents the results of the quality assessment of wine from Rowan businesses. The expediency of using Rowan berries for wine production is proved. The results of the study of con-sumer demand. The techno-logical scheme of production is re-sulted. The conducted research allowed to establish that the development of wine technology from Kamchatka raw materials is relevant, since most respondents who buy wine expressed their willingness to buy wine from Rowan berries. Organoleptic eval-uation was carried out by the profile method and the method of point scales. Found that wine made from Rowan has a brown color with extracted fruit flavors, moderate alcohol content, balanced sweetness and velvety tannins. The taste of wine is characterized as fresh, moderate and harmonious, with a long pleasant aftertaste. According to chemical indicators (volume fraction of ethyl alcohol in table fruit wines, mass concentration of sugars, mass concentration of titratable acids in terms of malic acid, mass concentration of residual extract) wine fully complies with the requirements of the standard for table wines semi-dry. Changes in the content of vitamin C in wine during storage are considered. It is shown that the wine contains a sig-nificant amount of vitamin C. Based on the conducted researches it is established that during the first 6 months of wine storage the content of vitamin C is rather high. During subsequent storage, the content of vitamin C is sharply re-duced and is about 1% of the original. The studies suggest that the introduction of the developed tech-nology will be cost-effective and will saturate the market of Kamchatka with natural wines from local raw materials.
Роль бухгалтерского учета в обеспечении экономической безопасности организации
Authors: Яричина Галина , Ситяева Ольга , Антонова Олеся , Скуратова Алена
Published: January 2021

Состояние экономической безопасности организации является важной качественной характеристикой ее функционирования и развития. На сегодняшний день существует значительное количество научных исследований, посвященных этому вопросу, однако роль бухгалтерского учета в обеспечении экономической безопасности организации освещена недостаточно полно. Целью данного исследования является выявление значения бухгалтерского учета в обеспечении экономической безопасности организации. Предмет исследования – экономическая безопасность организации. В статье рассмотрены методы бухгалтерского учета по обеспечению экономической безопасности, определены функции бухгалтерского учета, через которые осуществляется регулирование деятельности организации, представлена классификация бухгалтерских ошибок и рисков, негативно влияющих на ее экономическую безопасность. В качестве примера влияния бухгалтерского учета на экономическую безопасность рассмотрена деятельность реальных организаций. For the sustainable development of the organization it is neces-sary to ensure its economic security, which largely depends on the correct and reliable accounting. This article has revealed the role of accounting in ensuring the economic security of the or-ganization. The study also analyzed the methods of accounting, its functions, which determine the direction of regulation of the organization. In addition, the article identified factors that reduce the reliability of financial statements, proposed measures to minimize these fac-tors. Apart from eliciting the negative impact factors, the ways of eliminating them have been offered; the structure of judicial en-forcement has also been in focus. The main findings may be sum-marized as follows: payouts on claims under court decisions prevail over such not based on court decisions and motor insurance is of great significance for the eco-nomic and financial security of the Russian Federation.
Антикризисное управление: анализ изменений механизмов финансового оздоровления кредитных организаций в национальной экономике
Authors: Кинаш Алина
Published: January 2021

Активная работа по обеспечению устойчивости банковского сектора России, стартовавшая в 2013 г., предусматривает применение механизма отзыва лицензии или финансового оздоровления, которое осуществляется при выявлении системной значимости банка как на уровне банковской системы в целом, так и на региональном уровне, а также риска нарушения функционирования финансового рынка, риска ухудшения положения в отраслях экономики или региона. В настоящее время в экономических школах нет единого мнения относительно того, способно ли государство как публично-правовое образование долгосрочно поддерживать устойчивость банковской системы или лучше оставить эту задачу саморегулирующемуся рынку, однако все эти вопросы крайне актуальны для современного состояния национальной экономики. В работе представлены хронология изменения механизмов санации в Российской Федерации и практики их применения, затронуты вопросы практики применения нормативно-правовой базы банковской сферы, выделены положительные и отрицательные характеристики применения текущего механизма. The energetic efforts to ensure the sustainability of the Russian banking sector started in 2013. It stipulated a license revocation or the financial recovery instruments application. The financial recovery is performed when identifying the bank systemic importance both at the level of the banking system as a whole and at the regional level, as well as the risk of the financial market malfunction, the risk of declining in the branches of economy or in the region. At present there is no consensus of opinion among the economic schools as to whether the state as a legal public entity is able to maintain the stability of the banking system at a long term or it would be better off leaving this responsibility to the self-regulating market. However all these issues are extremely relevant to the current state of the national economy. The article aims at reviewing the chronology of the Resolution Mechanisms changes in the Russian Federation, as well as the practice of their application, encompasses the issues of the banking sector regulatory basis application. Positive and negative characteristics of the current mechanism application are shown.
Коллаборация как форма разрешения противоречий конкуренции
Authors: Дэли Ли , Останин Владимир
Published: January 2021

В статье проведен анализ ключевых понятий рыночной экономики. Конкуренция является важным и необходимым атрибутом взаимосвязей в рыночной экономике. В ходе исследования определено современное состояние теории конкуренции при создании международных интегральных форм организации бизнеса. Выявлено, что конкуренция является важным и необходимым атрибутом взаимосвязей в рыночной экономике, но при этом не единственным. Доказано, что отношения коллаборации могут находить свою естественную нишу в новых интегральных формах кооперации среди сообщества фермерских хозяйств России и Китая. The theoretical foundations of the modern theory of competition and collaboration in the concept of the dialectical interconnection theory in the market economy have been described, the key concepts of "competition" and "collaboration" have been analyzed. Competition, as well as collaboration, are essential and important attributes of interconnections in the market economy. The topicality of this scientific issue can be seen in the fact that such fundamental concepts as “competition” and “collaboration”, as well as their dialectical unity, have not been correctly described in the modern scientific literature. The advantages of the competition relations are often exaggerated, and the negative aspects are downgraded in the scientific literature. The investigation found the current state of the competition theory in creating international integrated forms of business administration. Competition is not the only form of relationship that can be established between the business entities. The advantages of developing collaborative relationships more thoroughly manifest themselves in the formation of the organization integral forms. It has been proved that collaborative relationships can find their natural niche in the new integral forms of cooperation among the farms communities of Russia and China.
О некоторых функциональных зависимостях в региональных экстерналиях
Authors: Дьяков Максим
Published: January 2021

Проблема контроля над негативными экстерналиями приобретает особую актуальность при переходе к устойчивому развитию регионов. В настоящей статье исследуется зависимость основных видов экстерналий от некоторых экономических факторов в общенациональном, макрорегиональном и региональном масштабах. Построены четыре группы однофакторных функций загрязнения. Для более глубокого выявления функциональных зависимостей на втором этапе исследования был проведен однофакторный дисперсионный анализ по каждой из функций. В результате в ряде случаев выявлено наличие, а в ряде – отсутствие функциональных зависимостей между экстерналиями и рассмотренными экономическими факторами. Выдвинут ряд гипотез для интерпретации наблюдаемой картины. Показаны возможности инструмента одно- факторных функций загрязнения как в методическом, так и в практическом плане. The issue of control over the negative externalities becomes especially relevant in the transition to the sustainable development of the regions. The article deals with investigating the dependence of the main types of externalities (the pollutants emissions into the atmosphere and discharges into water bodies) upon the significant economic factors - GRP and innovations, for which four groups of one-factor pollution functions were constructed. The functions were constructed on the national, macro-regional (Russian Far East) and regional (Kamchatka Territory) scale. To determine the functional dependencies more deeply a one-way analysis of variance was conducted for each of the functions at the second stage of the study, As a result, in some cases the presence and, in some cases the absence of functional dependencies between the dynamics of externalities and the considered economic factors was revealed. During the analysis it was found that of all groups of functions, the maximum degree of the economic factors influence on the number of externalities was observed at the national level, which was confirmed by the analysis of variance data. Significant impact was not observed for all groups of functions at the macro-regional and regional levels. A number of hypotheses were put forward for interpreting the observed picture. In the methodological aspect, it is shown that the tool of one-factor pollution functions, enhanced by the method of variance analysis, allows to determine the presence or absence of significant relationships between various economic factors and the dynamics of externalities. In practical terms, this tool allows to identify the problem points in the field of the externalities control. The possible trends of the further prospective studies in the field of the regional externalities functional analysis are briefly outlined in the paper.
Влияние человеческого капитала на результативность новых предпринимательских команд: обзор эмпирических исследований
Authors: Кадиров Никита
Published: January 2021

Настоящий обзор литературы посвящён вопросу влияния человеческого капитала на результативность новых предпринимательских команд. Было проанализировано 18 эмпирических исследований, опубликованных в период с 1995 по 2019 гг. Цель работы  систематизировать и обобщить результаты этих исследований, так как они неоднозначны и противоречивы. В результате исследования сделан вывод о том, что прирост человеческого капитала в новой предпринимательской команде приводит к росту результативности, только если он соответствует стратегии и целям предприятия, является комплементарным и актуальным. Entrepreneurship has never been so important for economic growth as it is in the modern open economy. Demand for entrepreneurs with their ability to innovate and compete has been increasing since the 1980s due to the structural changes in the economy triggered by globalization and ICT-revolution. Today new firms with high growth potential have a significant impact on the economic growth. Many factors determine the growth and performance of new ventures. This literature review focuses on the human capital of new venture teams. It's based on the analysis of 18 empirical researches published between 1995 and 2019. The objective of the review is to systematize and summarize their results, as they are sometimes ambiguous and contradictory. The main conclusion is that human capital in a new venture team leads to the increased performance only if it meets three criteria. Firstly, human capital should be goal-oriented, i.e. be consistent with strategy and goals. Secondly, sometimes human capital is excessive and contains irrelevant or outdated experience, skills, and knowledge so it should be nonredundant. Finally, the positive impact of human capital on the new venture team performance is observed when complementary skills, knowledge, and experience are combined in a team. So human capital should be diverse and complementary. The article concludes with recommendations for new venture teams based on three previously described criteria.
Анализ современных тенденций развития мирового рынка платежных карт
Authors: Хетагуров Георгий
Published: January 2021

В статье исследуются основные тенденции развития современного глобального рынка карточных платежных систем. В частности, рассматриваются характер и динамика распределения рыночных долей международных и локальных платежных систем в разрезе различных потребительских и географических сегментов, выявляются основные стратегические направления развития платежных систем, прогнозируются базовые параметры карточной индустрии на ближайшие годы. The article examines the main development trends of the current global market of card payment systems. In particular, it consid-ers the distribution of the market shares of international and local payment systems (in the context of consumer and geo-graphic segments), identifies the main strategic development trends of the payment systems. Summarizing the analysis, the author anticipates the basic parameters for the card industry in the coming years.
Прогнозирование динамики распространения COVID-19 на основе моделей временных рядов
Authors: Филатов Александр
Published: January 2021

Исследование посвящено разработке эконометрической модели, позволившей на самых первых данных построить среднесрочные прогнозы динамики распространения коронавируса в разных странах, включая Россию. Необходимость оперативного получения приемлемого прогноза, отражающего основные тенденции, на основе неполных и неточных данных практически исключает использование стандартных SIR-моделей распространения эпидемий. В то же время сходство динамики в разных странах, в том числе, тех, в которых эпидемия шла с опережением во времени, и возможность учета факторов, определяющих различия между странами, позволили еще в марте 2020 г. получить экстраполяцию, относительно неплохо работающую на среднесрочном горизонте. The study is devoted to the development of an econometric model that made it possible to build medium-term predictions of the coronavirus propagation dynamics in different countries, including Russia, based on the very first data. Though it’s es-sential to quickly obtain an acceptable (although not perfect) prediction that shows the critical trends based on incomplete and inaccurate data, it is practically impossible to use standard SIR-models of the epidemic spread. At the same time the dy-namics similarity in different countries, including those which were several weeks ahead of Russia in the epidemic situation, and the possibility of including the heterogeneity factors into the model allowed as early as in March 2020 to develop the extrapolation working relatively well on the medium term hori-zon. The basic results were shown on the 1-st of April based on the March statistics of the coronavirus propagation in the USA, 4 European countries – Italy, Spain, France, Germany (the most vulnerable to the epidemic at that time), and Russia. It was shown how trajectory would deviate from the exponential form. We tried to identify and to evaluate the most significant factors distinguishing countries. One of the unexpected results was the slight impact of the quarantine restrictions on the number of the infected people. We also made the medium-term prediction, enacted by the local gov-ernment, trying to assess the adequacy of the health care system capacity.
Консолидация практик экологического менеджмента и управления человеческими ресурсами как ключевой фактор развития корпоративной экологической ответственности компании
Authors: Арзамасова Галина
Published: January 2021

Современная практика российских и зарубежных компаний в области рационального природопользования показывает, что ее успех в значительной степени зависит как от состояния системы экологического менеджмента, так и от степени интеграции деятельности по управлению персоналом в процессы реализации экологических стратегий. В статье представлен анализ и дана характеристика практик управления человеческими ресурсами, применительно к моделям систем экологического менеджмента (реактивной, превентивной и проактивной), которые совместно вносят вклад в развитие корпоративной экологической ответственности компании. In Russian and foreign companies, the environmental performance and success of environmental practices depend on the nature of the interaction between the environmental management system and human resources management activities. The objective of the paper: to identify HR practices that meet the environmental management goals and promote the development of the company’s corporate environmental responsibility. The research method: analysis and systematization of scientific papers in the field of corporate environmental responsibility, environmental management and Green Human Resource Management. The results: HR practices model was developed that corresponds to three models of the environmental management system (EMS): reactive, preventive and proactive. Human resources management (HRM) activities are separated from the environmental functions and tasks in the EMS reactive model; the preventive EMS model is characterized by the interaction of human resources and environmental services in the common business processes for staff selection, training and evaluation as well as the performance management; the proactive EMS model includes the greening of HR policies and all processes aimed at involving employees in environmental activities. The paper justifies the necessity to expand HR practice in preventive and proactive EMS models. This will consolidate the opportunities for HRM and EMS to develop corporate environmental responsibility of companies. The results can be the basis for further theoretical and empirical research as well as for the diagnosing and assessing the degree of the HR systems compliance with the company’s environmental goals.