bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUKU PANDUAN KULIAH KERJA NYATA PEMBELAJARAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT (KKN-PPM) UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH LUWUK
Authors: Agustina Sri Sukari
Published: June 2020

buku panduan ini merupakan acuan bagi Tim Pembina, Tim Monitoring, Dosen Pembimbing Lapangan (DPL), Panitia dan mahasiswa peserta Kuliah Kerja Nyata dalam pelaksanaan KKN-PPM di Universitas Muhammadiyah Luwuk. Buku panduan ini disusun berdasarkan tujuan umum pelaksanaan KKN-PPM yakni mengembangkan kepribadian mahasiswa melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Garis besar buku panduan ini memuat pengertian KKN-PPM, misi, tujuan dan sasaran KKN-PPM, tata tertib, kewajiban, larangan dan sanksi, organisasi kerja, penyusunan kegiatan kerja dan administrasi KKN-PPM, serta evaluasi secara keseluruhan terhadap pelaksanaan KKN-PPM
Asian Countries Response and Management against the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Agarwal Shipra
Published: June 2020

Restrictive measures like social distancing, lockdown, case identification, isolation, contact tracing, and quarantine of exposed people were revealed to the most efficient actions to control the disease spreading. This presents an overview of the presently obtainable information on the strategies and management of this novel coronavirus
PhD Research Proposal on "Economic" refugees.
Authors: Mutsvara Shepherd
Published: June 2020

Economic liberalization has become a serious form of economic persecution which international law should take into consideration when assessing asylum claims. This is because the emergence of economic refugees is a direct result of globalization, a phenomenon not anticipated by the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of refugees. Economic refugees are thus labeled as undeserving and yet most refugees hail from countries where economic failure, political instability, poverty, and persecution are indissolubly linked.
Moral Molecules: Morality as a combinatorial system
Authors: Curry Oliver Scott , Alfano Mark , Brandt Mark John , Pelican Christine
Published: June 2020

What is morality? How many moral values are there? And what are they? According to the theory of morality-as-cooperation, morality is a collection of biological and cultural solutions to the problems of cooperation recurrent in human social life. This theory predicts that there will be as many different types of morality as there are different types of cooperation. Previous research, drawing on evolutionary game theory, has identified at least seven different types of cooperation, and used them to explain seven different types of morality: family values, group loyalty, reciprocity, heroism, deference, fairness and property rights. Here we explore the conjecture that these simple moral ‘elements’ combine to form a much larger number of more complex moral ‘molecules’, and that as such morality is a combinatorial system. For each combination of two elements, we hypothesise a candidate moral molecule, and successfully locate an example of it in the professional and popular literature. These molecules include: fraternity, blood revenge, family pride, filial piety, gavelkind, primogeniture, friendship, patriotism, tribute, diplomacy, common ownership, honour, confession, turn taking, restitution, modesty, mercy, munificence, arbitration, mendicancy, and queuing. These findings indicate that morality – like many other physical, biological, psychological and cultural systems – is indeed a combinatorial system. Thus morality-as-cooperation provides a principled and powerful theory, that explains why there are many moral values, and successfully predicts what they will be; and it generates a systematic framework that has the potential to explain all moral ideas, possible and actual. Pursuing the many implications of this theory will help to place the study of morality on a more secure scientific footing.
Is large technological investment really a solution for a major shift to rail? A discussion based on a Mediterranean Freight Corridor Case-Study
Authors: Francisco Frederico , Teixieira Paulo F. , Toubol Armand , Nelldal Bo-Lennart
Published: June 2020

The aim of this paper is to assess how the introduction of technological innovations into a capacity constrained rail corridor may increase its ability to capture market share from road transport. The Montpellier-Perpignan section, a bottle-neck in the Mediterranean corridor, is used as a case study for the effects of implementing new rolling stock that allows for freight trains up to 1500 m and a new ballastless track replacing existing one, resilient switched and crossings and monitoring systems that allow for a reduction in maintenance costs and closure times. The results of a cost-benefit analysis show positive net impacts, however the increases in capacity are only enough to maintain current market shares. Evidence suggests that a heavy investment in technology in existing lines is not the most effective way to increase rail market share.
Stopped cold: Motor-response inhibition reduces the capacity of sexually-explicit stimuli to elicit subjective and physiological sexual arousal
Authors: Clancy Elizabeth , Driscoll Rachel L. , Codeluppi Sierra A. , Kukkonen Tuuli M. , Fenske Mark J.
Published: June 2020

The motivational incentive of sexual stimuli can be a salient force in determining the focus of thought and behaviour. Here we show that the simple act of not pressing a key during the perception of sexual content reduces its motivational incentive and subsequent capacity to elicit sexual arousal. Undergraduate participants (N=116) completed a Go/No-go task that required them to inhibit responses to either sexual or non-sexual images. Later they watched sexually explicit videos and reported moment-to-moment changes in self-reported sexual arousal, while thermography was used to record changes in genital physiological arousal. Participants who previously inhibited sexual images experienced lower levels of both self-reported and physiological arousal than those who inhibited non-sexual images. These results extend prior research to suggest that a by-product of motor-response inhibition is a negative alteration of stimulus-value representations for associated items— the kind of value that drives even the most biologically-fundamental forms of motivated behaviour.
La teología desde las publicaciones académicas en Colombia: un breve estado del arte
Authors: Rodriguez Andres
Published: June 2020

Este artículo aborda algunas de las tendencias en la publicación sobre la disciplina y el conocimiento teológica, en el contexto del desarrollo histórico de Colombia. Es así que se observan tendencias de diversa índole, que abordan desde los estudios de teología dogmática, eclesiología, dialogó ecuménico, entre otros. Es importante mencionar, los estudios realizados sobre la teología de la liberación, y la influencia del Concilio Vaticano II y la Conferencia de Medellín.
The Democratisation Myth: Open Access and the Solidification of Epistemic Injustices
Authors: Knöchelmann Marcel
Published: June 2020

[Author manuscript of accepted article for publication in Spring 2021 in Science & Technology Studies] Open access (OA) in the Global North is considered to solve an accessibility problem in scholarly communication. But this accessibility is restricted to the consumption of knowledge. Epistemic injustices inhering in the scholarly communication of a global production of knowledge remain unchanged. This underscores that the commercial or big deal OA dominating Europe and North America have little revolutionary potential to democratise knowledge. Academia in the Global North, driven by politics of progressive neoliberalism, can even reinforce its hegemonic power by solidifying and legitimating contemporary hierarchies of scholarly communication through OA. In a critique of the notion of a democratisation of knowledge, I showcase manifestations of OA as either allowing consumption of existing discourse or as active participation of discourse in the making. The latter comes closer to being the basis for a democratisation of knowledge. I discuss this as I issue a threefold conceptualisation of epistemic injustices comprising of testimonial injustice, hermeneutical injustice, and epistemic objectification. As these injustices prevail, the notion of a democratisation of knowledge through OA is but another form of technological determinism that neglects the intricacies of culture and hegemony.
Alone Time in the United States by Gender and Race-Ethnicity
Authors: Drotning Kelsey Jeanne
Published: June 2020

There is growing concern that more people are becoming socially isolated due to the increase in single households and decrease in non-familial social contacts. However, we have little understanding of how these changes manifest in the minutiae of people’s daily lives. In this study, I demonstrate how alone time varies by gender and race-ethnicity by analyzing time diary data from the 2003-2019 American Time Use Survey. Results suggest gender and race-ethnicity are salient dimensions of how much time people spend alone, with Black men spending the most time alone and Hispanic women spending the least time alone. I argue these differences leave some groups with too much alone time and a greater risk of social isolation and other groups with too little alone time resulting in a lack of time for respite.
Pengelolaan Daerah Tangkapan Air Waduk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Air (PLTA) Koto Panjang Berkelanjutan
Authors: Rahmat Aan Nur , Mubarak Mubarak , Putra Ridwan Manda
Published: June 2020

Riau Province has many lakes and reservoirs, one of which is the Koto Panjang Hydroelectric Reservoir, Sustainability of the Koto Panjang Hydroelectric Reservoir Unstable water continuity, drought during the dry season and flooding during the rainy season have caused this power plant to be not optimal, one of the ways that can done to overcome complications in certain areas. Koto Panjang Hydroelectric Reservoir Water is that by using the analysis of the Koto Panjang Hydroelectric Reservoir we can arrange steps in managing the maintenance of the Koto Panjang Hydroelectric Reservoir. Sustainability analysis conducted using the RAP-catchment area application on three dimensions, namely ecology, economics and social, the results of the analysis that have been carried out on the ecological dimension address an index of 52.31 which is classified as quite sustainable in the social dimension category 41.98 which is classified as less sustainable. To improve the index of sustainability in the management of water areas, several management directives are needed, namely reforestation or greening of open land related to rivers and conducting training in environmentally friendly agriculture to provide and support the protection of farming communities and communities related to fire, develop the potential of natural resources such as tourist attractions as alternative livelihoods to increase community income and increase socialization and encourage people in need in hydropower reservoir catchment areas.
Cybersecurity, value sensing robots for LGBTIQ+ elderly, and the need for revised codes of conduct
Authors: Poulsen Adam , Fosch-Villaronga Eduard , Burmeister Oliver K
Published: June 2020

Until now, each profession has developed their professional codes of conduct independently. However, the use of robots and artificial intelligence is blurring professional delineations: aged care nurses work with lifting robots, tablet computers, and intelligent diagnostic systems, and health information system designers work with clinical teams. While robots assist the medical staff in extending the professional service they provide, it is not clear how professions adhere and adapt to the new reality. In this article, we reflect on how the insertion of robots may shape codes of conduct, in particular with regards to cybersecurity. We do so by focusing on the use of social robots for helping LGBTIQ+ elderly cope with loneliness and depression. Using robots in such a delicate domain of application changes how care is delivered, as now alongside the caregiver, there is a cyber-physical health information system that can learn from experience and act autonomously. Our contribution stresses the importance of including cybersecurity considerations in codes of conduct for both robot developers and caregivers as it is the human and not the machine which is responsible for ensuring the system’s security and the user’s safety.
The Three Harms of Gendered Technology
Authors: Wang Lena
Published: June 2020

Marginalised groups experience both immediate and long-term detriment as a result of innovations in information systems. This paper explores three facets of technologically related gendered harm: physical, institutional, and psychological. These harms will be demonstrated by case studies. Firstly, technology can cause physical harm by denying women their bodily autonomy, demonstrated by the public availability of AI software that generates nude pictures of women, and smart home devices used in instances of domestic abuse. Secondly, technology can deny women institutional access, as increasingly widespread algorithms are shown to underperform on marginalised groups. Thirdly, anthropomorphised technology reflects and entrenches harmful stereotypes of women’s submissiveness, causing psychological harm. Reducing harm must go beyond ensuring a diversity of representation in STEM fields. We conclude that effective regulation should focus on the design features in technological innovations.
Kendala Perbankan Dalam Meningkatkan Kapasitas Koperasi Melalui Pola Joint Financing
Authors: Anjani Nisabilah , Murwadji Tarsisius , Nugroho Bambang Daru
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to develop a joint financing method between banks and cooperatives in which cooperatives in globalization look increasingly lagging behind due to unfinished capital problems and a system that is still traditional at a time of increasingly modern world developments. Therefore, the government made regulations to overcome this problem by creating a Linkage Program. The problem is focused on the cooperative relationship at the Joint financing stage as one of the models of the Linkage program, between South Bandung Farmers Cooperatives with BPR Bandung Kidul. There are various problems in achieving fair and legal cooperation. The method used in this research is normative juridical analysis with descriptive analytical writing methods. This study concludes that the obstacles that hamper the Joint financing relationship, one of which is the ownership of majority shares by cooperatives that can harm the principle of prudence and good corporate governance of the bank. Secondly, in the joint financing relationship between cooperatives and banks in practice no agreements were carried out which could result in business interference by both parties.
An International Collaborative Approach to Developing Training Guidelines for Veterinary Paraprofessionals
Authors: Cobbold Rowland N. , Simmons Heather L. , Cargill Jessica , Lasley Jennifer , Oosthuizen Johan , Sherman David M.
Published: June 2020

Veterinary paraprofessionals (VPPs) are engaged worldwide in animal health management, disease surveillance and food safety control. In many countries, particularly developing countries, VPPs are critical to national veterinary services provision. Until recently, there were no globally recognized training requirements for VPPs. Recognition of VPPs’ qualifications and roles, and requirements for registration, vary greatly between jurisdictions. To address these issues, the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) has developed competency and curricular guidelines for VPPs. A collaborative approach was essential to this mission. Extensive consultation with individuals and agencies representing various countries, animal health and veterinary sectors, and forms of expertise, was undertaken. Collaborative methods included the formation of a guidelines development ad hoc group whose diversity reflected project needs, the use of existing OIE Member Country data to understand roles of VPPs globally, conducting stakeholder surveys to collate VPP competency expectations and solicit feedback on draft guidelines, and in-country missions to validate draft curricular models. The initial deliverable from this work was publication of Competency Guidelines for VPPs. This document provides recommendations on the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and aptitudes that could be expected of VPPs following effective training. The companion document, OIE Curricular Guidelines for VPPs, provides recommendations on coursework structure and content to achieve these competencies. These guidelines will assist countries worldwide in more effectively training and qualifying VPPs so that they can contribute positively to the provision of veterinary services. Another potential impact is to catalyze the review of educational and regulatory standards regarding the respective work rights and activities of veterinarians and VPPs.
Collaboration Spanning Two Continents: An Online Master’s Degree in Tropical Animal Health
Authors: Stevens Mieke G.H. , Morar-Leather Darshana , Trevisan Chiara , Mostert El-Marie , Oosthuizen Marinda
Published: June 2020

A joint international program in Tropical Animal Health was launched in 2016 by the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, and the Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria. This program is flexible in time, place, and curriculum, allowing part-time students to apply the program’s learning outcomes directly in their daily work environment. This article focuses on the major challenges and issues related to developing an international joint program in general and how these challenges were addressed. Challenges such as incompatibility of admission procedures, merging academic calendars, and quality assurance mechanisms were mitigated partly by the type of collaboration and partly by using a joint e-learning platform. The e-learning format proved to be a solution for particular challenges such as mobility issues, joint development of course material, and administrative processes. Furthermore, we present the results of a survey on the experiences of graduates and facilitators in this unique joint, web-based program.
ТРЕНІНГ ЯК МЕТОД РОЗВИТКУ ЛІДЕРСЬКИХ ЯКОСТЕЙ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ОСВІТИ ПРОФЕСІЙНО (ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ТЕХНІЧНИХ) НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ
Authors: Павлюк Оксана Дмитрівна
Published: June 2020

The article reveals the essence of the "training" concept, describes some historical aspects of the training work usage by different researchers, the necessity of the use of training as an important method for the development of leadership qualities in professional (vocational) educational establishments is substantiated. It was described and analyzed functions that it performs, such as: motivational-inductive, educational-pedagogical, developmental, educational, communicative-compensatory and relaxation. The tasks of the training are highlighted, their purpose, content and structure are given. Conditions in which the leadership qualities of educators develop are characterized, such as: psychological-pedagogical, psychological- administrative and individual-psychological. In the process of training program elaborating, a selection of forms and methods was developed for the development of motivational, communicative-organizational, emotional- volitional, cognitive and personal components. An orientation towards an integrated approach is taken, which includes: activity, procedural, systemic, existential and subjective-behavioral approaches. The necessity of training implementation in the educational environment for the development of the leadership potential of students of professional (vocational) educational establishments is noted.
СЕМЕЙНЫЕ СПОРЫ И МЕДИАЦИЯ
Authors: Тасалян Лусине
Published: June 2020

Disputes arising from family legal relations can be settled in the Republic of Armenia also by alternative means of dispute settlement. By means of reconciliation the disputes arising from family legal relations may be settled with participation of a reconciler, licensed under court procedure.
Necessity of In-hospital Neurological Observation for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Negative Computed Tomography Brain Scans
Authors: Taweesomboonyat Chin , Kaewborisutsakul Anukoon , Tunthanathip Thara , Saeheng Sakchai , Oearsakul Thakul
Published: June 2020

Objective: The authors aimed to evaluate the necessity of in-hospital neurological observation for mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients, who did not have any evidence of intracranial injury from initial computed tomography (CT) brain scans. Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed mild TBI patients with initial negative CT brain scans, receiving treatment at Songklanagarind hospital between January and December, 2018. All patients were observed in the emergency department short stay observation unit for 24 hours after injury. Patients’ medical records, initial and official CT brain scan interpretation were collected and analyzed. Results: This study included 493 cases. No patient deteriorated from intracranial injury, while one patient deteriorated from hypoglycemia, associated with his underlying adrenal insufficiency. However, one patient was admitted to the in patient ward, due to a missed diagnosis of acute subdural hematoma from his initial CT interpretation. The incidence of missed intracranial injury from initial CT brain scan interpretation was 1.6%. The need for neurosurgical intervention (in-patient ward admission, anticonvulsant and repeat brain imaging) was 0.2% (1/493). No patient required surgical intervention.Conclusion: Mild TBI patients, with initial negative CT brain scans, have very low risk for deterioration or need of neurosurgical intervention. Patient's underlying major comorbidity may be considered as an indication for in-hospital observation.
The Seismological Network of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece (AUTHnet)
Authors: Vamvakaris D. A. , Scordilis E. M.
Published: June 2020

D.A. Vamvakaris and E.M. Scordilis report on the seismological network of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece for the Summary of the Bulletin of the ISC.
Basic characteristic of fuel control of a tractor diesel engine equipped with a fuel skipping system
Authors: Gajsin E. M
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the problem of improving the efficiency of tractor diesel engines at low loads and rotations. An effective way is to prevent the cyclic fuel supply from decreasing as the load lowers. Practically this is done by turning off part of the cylinders (stopping the supply of fuel to part of the cylinders) as the load decreases. However, with this shutdown method, due to a stepwise change in the specific fuel consumption the unrealized zones appear, where additional fuel economy can be obtained. A smooth change in specific fuel consumption can be achieved by stopping (skipping) individual fuel supplies (injections) not in the same cylinders, but by distributing them across all cylinders. To implement this method of regulation, the fuel system must allow producing single stoppings of fuel injections with different intervals and in any cylinders, which is possible only in electronically controlled fuel systems. In the electronic unit the basic characteristic of the control of fuel supply must be incorporated. The goal is to develop a basic characteristic of diesel fuel supply control to regulate operating modes by skipping fuel supply. The basic characteristic of the fuel flow control was obtained using the speed and regulatory characteristics of the diesel fuel pump. The basic characteristic is a data matrix including the amount of supply actions (before the supply skip) and the number of supply action skipped after supply actions done. The results of experimental studies of the characteristics of the fuel pump of a 2CH105kh120 diesel engine confirmed the efficiency of the fuel system according to the basic characteristic obtained by the proposed method.
Programming the trajectories of machine-tractor units
Authors: Kalyuzhnyj A. T , Gus'kov Y. U.A , Dolgushin A. A
Published: June 2020

The control of trajectories of self-propelled agricultural vehicles and machine and tractor units (MTU) is carried out according to certain programs stored in memory of the tractor driver or in the system of autonomous driving. In the tractor driver’s memory, the programs are laid down at the stage of studying and mastering the specialty, and are specified when receiving a task to perform a specific job. A common opinion about programming a trajectory following a previous MTU passage is erroneous as the trace is the coordinate line used to bind the desired trajectory to the terrain. The quality of trajectory driving depends on the tractor’s driver, his experience and qualification but not the system of coordinates. Similarly, for autonomous driving of MTU the possible driving programs must be put into the autonomous system at the design stage, and be specified with settings before work start. The quality of autonomous driving is defined by technological level of a system of autonomous driving, which integral part is the coordinate system. There are various ways to define system of coordinates. The most promising of them is to stationary reference points in the form of underground current-carrying wires. Such systems have the high definition, universality, autonomous waymarks, noise stability and long-term stability. To realize all the advantages of coordinates systems set by underground current-carrying wires it is necessary to determine the location of MTU by point-to-point differential and amplitude method by a projection of magneto-field vector to a cross axis of the tractor or a single-point two-level amplitude and phase method. High programming accuracy is achieved by means of current-carrying wires made by commutable ones, power supply of adjacent wires by counter currents and creation of navigation magnetic field by currents of three adjacent wires, where the middle wire is a contact line. The high definition of the guidelines and the noise immunity of the algorithms allow determining both the path mismatch and the direction of the longitudinal axis of the tractor and the direction of the velocity vector as well. Introduction of these parameters into the control law of steering mechanism allows increasing the stability of systems of autonoumus driving and accuracy of trajectories control of working bodies of technological machine tools.
The effect of anisotropy on the interaction of the caterpillar propeller with the soil during the vehicle turn
Authors: ZHakov A. O , Troyanovskaya I. P
Published: June 2020

The article discusses the force interaction of the caterpillar propeller with the ground during the vehicle turn. Since more than 70 % of soil reactions are inherently friction forces, the article is based on the Fyodor Opeiko mathematical theory of friction. According it, the resulting force and the moment of friction are interrelated quantities determined by the position of the instantaneous center of sliding. With increasing the moment of friction, the force decreases and vice versa. Since any caterpillar mover has lugs, its interaction with the soil in the longitudinal and transverse directions becomes different. In the frame-work of the adopted approach, the anisotropy of the force interaction of the propulsion with the soil is ex-pressed in various friction coefficients in the longitudinal and transverse directions. In addition, there is a fundamentally different nature of the interaction with the soil. In the transverse direction, a clean cut is observed. In the longitudinal direction, before the start of the cut, the soil is crushed due to its elastic properties. The article presents a mathematical model of the force interaction of a caterpillar propeller with soil, taking into account the anisotropy of the interaction. The elastic properties of the soil in the longitudinal direction are taken into account due to the variable coefficient of friction introduced under the integral sign. Hyperbolic tangent is used as a function, since it allows one to introduce the smallest number of empirical coefficients. Based on the presented mathematical model of force interaction, numerical calculations were performed. The results are presented in graphical form, which allows to visually as-sess the effect of anisotropy. The calculations showed that the differences in the values of the friction force due to taking into account anisotropy can reach 50 %, and the moment of friction up to 10 %.
Study of the influence of oscillatory processes in a mobile vehicle on the running smoothness characteristics
Authors: Partko S. A , Groshev L. M , Sirotenko A. N
Published: June 2020

The issue of optimizing the dynamic characteristics of a mobile vehicle depending on the operating conditions is considered. The optimization problems were solved taking into account the random nature of dynamic loads. The task of transforming the input effect on the elements of the mobile machine was solved in a deterministic aspect using integrated criteria. As a measure of the accuracy of the introduced criteria, the standard deviation was used. The minimum values of vertical reactions on the header shoes were determined by the dispersion of its oscillations, taking into account the spectral density of the irregularities of the agricultural background. It was found that the frequency characteristics of the header shoes also depend on the vertical and longitudinal-angular vibrations of the combine separator. Optimality criteria are presented for assessing the dispersion of vibrational parameters of vehicles from external influences. The general optimization criterion was determined based on the independence of the objective functions and the maximum quantile of the normal distribution, which allowed, in a probabilistic aspect, to evaluate the optimization efficiency for agricultural machinery with a wide range of applications. The local optimum was determined by the expression of objective functions in terms of elementary functions, taking into account statistical parameters and the nature of the distribution of a random variable. The optimal transfer function was determined based on the minimum value of the standard deviation of the objective function taking into account the Fourier variables. The determination of the local optimum was carried out graphoanalytically by the objective function of smoothness and by the probabilistic criterion. The optimal value of the relative attenuation coefficient of vertical oscillations of the separator body was determined, the reason for its minimization and the probability of exceeding the permissible vibration level were established. A method for determining the transfer function to predict the smoothness of the combine is presented. The possibilities of the proposed optimization method are estimated.
Rational hardness ratio of fuel equipment parts under static loading
Authors: Sveshchinskij V. O , Bobrov S. P
Published: June 2020

The definition of a rational combination of hardness of parts is necessary to determine the resource indicators of products. This task is also relevant for parts of internal combustion engines, including parts of their fuel equipment of any type. In operation such parts are used under constant contact. There is a wide distribution of fuel systems such as Common Rail in Russia. The high fuel pressure in the cavities of such systems exists both at the time of injection and between injections as well. The development of production of the domestic common rail fuel type system makes the task of determining the rational ratio of hardnesses even more important. Its solution is necessary, for example, for connecting high-pressure fuel lines with nozzle fittings, high-pressure pumps and fuel batteries. Engine manufacturers in some cases indicate in the operating instructions the maximum intervals for the use of certain components, for example, high pressure fuel lines. At the same time, there are practically no methodological materials allowing one to choose one or another hardness ratio. There are only a few attempts in this direction made in higher education institutions, for example, in the Polzunov Altai State Technical University. In this paper, an attempt is made to estimate the deformation of contact surfaces in «sphere-by-cone» type joints, which are typical for modern fuel equipment with various combinations of component hardness. The criterion for the rationality of the combination of hardness is the width of the contact trace - the residual deformation of parts. It is shown that when evaluating the rationality of fuel equipment manufacturers are guided by what component is more appropriate to replace in operation.
Long non-coding RNA MIR4435-1HG promotes cancer growth in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wu Kerong , Hu Linkun , Lv Xiuyi , Chen Junfeng , Yan Zejun , Jiang Junhui , Cheng Yue , Hou Jianquan
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cancer development, yet their roles in renal carcinoma remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: We performed this study in order to investigate the expression and roles of lncRNAs in renal cell carcinoma. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the expression of lncRNAs in renal cell carcinoma through microarray analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to measure the expression of lncRNAs. Gain- or loss-of-function experiments were performed to investigate the roles of lncRNAs in cell proliferation and apoptosis. RNA pull-down and western blotting were performed to explore the underlying mechanism. RESULTS: The microarray analysis identified an upregulated lncRNA MIR4435-1HG in renal carcinoma. The expression level of MIR4435-1HG was correlated with TNM stage, tumor size, and Fuhrman grade. High expression of MIR4435-1HG indicated poor prognosis. MIR4435-1HG knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, and suppressed the migrating and invasive capacity of renal carcinoma cells. RNA pull-down followed by mass spectrometry revealed an interaction between MIR4435-1HG and pyruvate carboxylase, which was later corroborated by western blotting. CONCLUSIONS: MIR4435-1HG plays a critical role in the oncogenesis of renal cell carcinoma and may serve as a potential biomarker for renal cell carcinoma.
A study of spleen shear-wave elastography in indirect prediction of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Zheng Yi , Xia Shujun , Ren Xinping , Zhan Weiwei , Zheng Zhan , Chen Zhijie
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of spleen shear-wave elastography (sound touch elastography [STE], sound touch quantification [STQ]) in indirect prediction of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). METHODS: The Young’s modulus (kPa) of spleen STE, STQ and liver FibroScan were measured in 112 patients with CHB. The final diagnosis was according to histological results from liver biopsy based on Scheure G/S scoring system and liver FibroScan was considered as a reference index of prediction efficiency. Grouped by the stage of liver fibrosis, data were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney test and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). RESULTS: Spleen STE was positively correlated with the degree of liver fibrosis, but spleen STQ was not. STEmean and STEmax of spleen were statistically different between the groups categorized by S = 2, S = 3 and S = 4 (all p < 0.05), respectively. Spleen STEmean had the best predicting performance on staging liver fibrosis. The areas under the ROC (AUC) for spleen STEmean were 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56–0.76) for stage S = 2 or higher, 0.72 (95% CI, 0.60–0.83) for S = 3 or higher, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.74–0.92) for S = 4 (all P < 0.01). The differences between the AUC for spleen STEmean and liver FibroScan in liver fibrosis staging were not statistically significant when the groups categorized by S = 2 and S = 4 (P = 0.146 and P = 0.052). But when categorized by S = 3, the evaluating performance of liver FibroScan was better (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: STEmean of spleen is applicable in indirect predicting fibrosis stage in patients with CHB.
The inclusion of wildcard players during small-sided games causes alterations on players’ workload
Authors: Bujalance-Moreno Pascual , Latorre-Román Pedro A. , Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo , Martínez-Amat Antonio , García-Pinillos Felipe
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Small-sided games are a popular training method that have shown its effectiveness in improving athletic performance in football players. OBJECTIVE: To compare the acute physiological and neuromuscular responses and time-motion characteristics during small-sided games played with and without wildcard players. METHODS: Sixteen amateur male football players completed two small-sided games protocol: 4-a-side and 4-a-side with wildcard players. Time-motion characteristics during games, muscular performance parameters before and after small-sided games protocols, physiological response in terms of heart rate and muscle oximetry and rate of perceived exertion were collected. RESULTS: Both small-sided games formats induced changes in sprint performance (before-after comparison), in the rate of perceived exertion, heart rate-related variables and time-motion parameters (p< 0.05). In a comparison between small-sided games formats, lower values of oxygen saturation, heart rate, rate of perceived exertion and time-motion parameters (p< 0.05) were reported during small-sided games with wildcard players in both working and recovery periods. CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of wildcard players during small-sided games cause a reduction in perceptual, physiological demands and time-motion parameters when compared to control condition.
Price transparency project: Informing the development of Plan S
Authors: Wise Alicia , Estelle Lorraine
Published: June 2020

This article reports on the outcome of a project launched in September 2019 to develop an approach to implementing the price transparency principle of Plan S. It was clear from the outset that mobilising stakeholder engagement and support would be crucial to success. It was also clear that this would be a challenge. While funders, libraries, and library consortia were broadly supportive of the work, many publishers – both mixed model and OA-only – expressed significant concerns. A framework consisting of title, contextual, and price metadata emerged and is described within.
Improving the identification of confused drug names in Spanish
Authors: Millán-Hernández Christian Eduardo , García-Hernández René Arnulfo , Ledeneva Yulia
Published: June 2020

Since a drug name goes through different communication means and circumstances when it is prescribed, written, advertised, listened to, searched and administered; it tends to be confused with similar drug names that Look-Alike and Sound-Alike (LASA). LASA drug names have caused costs and damage to health. For this problem, the institutions of the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States have implemented programs for several decades to report lists of confusing drug names pairs. Thanks to these kinds of list, it has been possible to propose new models to identify confusing drug names in English and are used to reject new drug name proposals or to alert when a confusing drug name is being dispensed. However, countries such as Spain also have published a list with the Spanish LASA drug names, and it is not clear enough whether the models previously proposed for the drug names in English are useful for the list in Spanish or if it is necessary to adjust and update them for the Spanish language. This paper focuses on updating and improving the identification of LASA drug names in Spanish. First, we update the state-of-the-art by evaluating all the individual similarity measures proposed previously and all the models that combine these measures with the list in Spanish. Second, we updated the models with new individual measures and then adjusted them with the list in Spanish to improve the identification of LASA drug names in Spanish. After that, 25 individual similarity measures and 8 models to identify confused drug names in Spanish are compared to obtain the best result and conclusions.
Impact of passive and negative sentences in automatic generation of static UML diagram using NLP
Authors: Shweta  , Sanyal Ratna
Published: June 2020

In this research work, we propose a rule based approach for the automatic extraction of UML diagram from the unstructured format of software functional requirements. The existing work provides decent results for active sentences and positive sentences but the challenge in our work is to automatic extract class diagram elements from passive voice type sentences and negative sentences. Furthermore, there is scope to do more research in extraction process using multi-word terms. Thus, we have endeavored to automatic extract the class diagram elements by overcoming these challenges. The methodology uses the Stanford CoreNLP Tools along with Java for the practical implementation of formulated rules. Our approach has proved that without supplant the human being and their decision making, one could reduce the human effort while designing functional requirements. Several case studies were performed to compare class diagrams generated by our methodology to the ones created by experts. Our methodology outperforms the existing work and provides impressive Average completeness (0.82), Average correctness (0.92) and Average redundancy (0.15). Results show that class diagram elements extracted by our methodology are precise as well as accurate and hence, in practice, such class diagrams would be a good preliminary diagram to converge towards to precise and comprehensive class diagrams.
Using weighted directed graphs for identification of flow of emotions in poems
Authors: Sreeja P. S. , Mahalakshmi G. S.
Published: June 2020

Poem is a spontaneous flow of emotions. There are several emotion detection systems to identify emotions from speech, gestures, and text (blogs, newspapers, stories and medical reports). Since such systems do not exist for poetry, we take the first step in building a system to recognize emotions in poetry by constructing a benchmark corpus, the PERC (Poem Emotion Recognition Corpus), of poems written by Indian poets in English. In this research a novel graphical method, Poem Emotion Trajectory System (PETS), is proposed to depict the flow of emotion in a poem. PETS is based on the construction of a weighted directed graph as a means to represent the emotion flow among the verses of a given poem. The weights represent the transition probability among the emotion states considered. The significant advantage is that a dominant path for each emotion category is identified. Emotion flow along verses is analyzed using a graph-based approach. This method, applied to each emotion category, generalizes the emotion flow in each emotion class. This PETS can be applied in poetry therapy and to enhance creative thinking and writing.
A computational model for speech disorders using problematic phonemes with ontological reasoning
Authors: Vázquez González Stephanie , Somodevilla García María
Published: June 2020

This work presents a method for data gathering to construct a corpus related to speech disorders in children; such corpus will serve as the base to generate some semi-automatic ontologies, in order to become a computational model to support therapists for diagnosis and possible treatment. Speech disorders, phonemes and some additional information are classified using taxonomies obtained from speech disorders specialized literature. Based on the obtained taxonomies, the ontologies, which structure and formalize concepts defined by the main topic authors, are developed. The ontologies are constructed following some parts of classic methodologies and their subsequent validation is made through competency questions. The development of the model is based on Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Information Retrieval (IR) techniques. Integration of the ontologies is made to be able to make a classification based in problematic phonemes; this is suggested as a complement to the diagnostic tool in the model.
Author profiling on bi-lingual tweets
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad Adnan , Nawab Rao Muhammad Adeel , Nie Feiping
Published: June 2020

The task of author profiling aims to distinguish the author’s profile traits from a given content. It has got potential applications in marketing, forensic analysis, fake profile detection, etc. In recent years, the usage of bi-lingual text has raised due to the global reach of social media tools as people prefer to use language that expresses their true feelings during online conversations and assessments. It has likewise impacted the use of bi-lingual (English and Roman-Urdu) text in the sub-continent (Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh) over social media. To develop and evaluate methods for bi-lingual author profiling, benchmark corpora are needed. The majority of previous efforts have focused on developing mono-lingual author profiling corpora for English and other languages. To fulfill this gap, this study aims to explore the problem of author profiling on bi-lingual data and presents a benchmark corpus of bi-lingual (English and Roman-Urdu) tweets. Our proposed corpus contains 339 author profiles and each profile is annotated with six different traits including age, gender, education level, province, language, and political party. As a secondary contribution, a range of deep learning methods, CNN, LSTM, Bi-LSTM, and GRU, are applied and compared on the three different bi-lingual corpora for age and gender identification, including our proposed corpus. Our extensive experimentation showed that the best results for both gender identification task (Accuracy = 0.882, F1-Measure = 0.839) and age identification (Accuracy = 0.735, F1-Measure = 0.739) are obtained using Bi-LSTM deep learning method. Our proposed bi-lingual tweets corpus is free and publicly available for research purposes.
Unsupervised extractive multi-document text summarization using a genetic algorithm
Authors: Neri-Mendoza Verónica , Ledeneva Yulia , García-Hernández René Arnulfo
Published: June 2020

The task of Extractive Multi-Document Text Summarization (EMDTS) aims at building a short summary with essential information from a collection of documents. In this paper, we propose an EMDTS method using a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The fitness function considering two unsupervised text features: sentence position and coverage. We propose the binary coding representation, selection, crossover, and mutation operators. We test the proposed method on the DUC01 and DUC02 data set, four different tasks (summary lengths 200 and 400 words), for each of the collections of documents (in total, 876 documents) are tested. Besides, we analyze the most frequently used methodologies to summarization. Moreover, different heuristics such as topline, baseline, baseline-random, and lead baseline are calculated. In the results, the proposed method achieves to improve the state-of-art results.