bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Technology-based counselling in dementia (TeCoDem): study protocol of a mixed-methods systematic review with qualitative comparative analysis and meta-analysis
Authors: Hirt Julian , Langer Gero , Wilde Fabian , Bauernschmidt Dorothee , Meyer Gabriele , Bieber Anja
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Information technology can enhance timely and individual support for people with dementia and informal carers. There is some evidence that people with dementia and informal carers would benefit from technology-based counselling. However, it remains unclear which features of those interventions relate to beneficial outcomes and which aspects are necessary for a successful implementation. Therefore, the primary objectives are: (1) to identify conditions of successful implementation of technology-based counselling interventions in dementia and (2) to investigate the effectiveness of those interventions.

Methods and analysis

We will conduct a mixed-methods systematic review. The first primary objective requires evidence from various study designs addressing aspects on effective and non-effective implementation of technology-based counselling. This could be telephone-based, web-based or mobile-based interventions for people with dementia and informal carers. For the second primary objective, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) dealing with any outcomes will be included. Year of publication and language will not be restricted. We will search CINAHL, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science up to April 2021. Additionally, we will perform web searching and citation tracking. To achieve the first primary objective, a Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) will be conducted. The QCA enables us to identify necessary or sufficient components for a successful implementation. To reach the second primary objective, a meta-analysis will be performed with respect to potential clinical and statistical heterogeneity of RCTs. The revised Risk of Bias tool 2.0 will be used to check the risk of bias in RCTs. For all other study designs, the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool will be used.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethics approval is not required for this review. We will disseminate our findings through scientific and non-scientific journal articles and conference presentations as well as formats directed to the public and decision-makers in healthcare.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021245473.
Connecting Curves as a Tool to Localize Hidden Attractors in a New Chaotic Hyperjerk System with No Equilibria
Authors: Naseri Nafise , Ambigapathy Sivabalan , Kafraj Mohadeseh Shafiei , Ghassemi Farnaz , Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Jafari Sajad
Published: December 2021

Localizing hidden attractors of chaotic systems is practically and theoretically important. Differing from self-excited attractors, hidden ones do not have any equilibria on the boundaries of their basin of attraction. This characteristic makes hidden attractors hard to localize. Some theoretical and numerical methods have been developed to recognize these attractors, yet the problem remains highly uncertain. For this purpose, the theory of connecting curves is utilized in this work. These curves are one-dimensional set-points that describe the structure of chaotic attractors even in the absence of zero-dimensional fixed-points. In this study, a new four-dimensional chaotic system with hidden attractors is presented. Despite the controversial idea of connecting curves that pass through fixed-points, the connecting curves of a system with no equilibria are considered. This analysis confirms that connecting curves provide more critical information about attractors even if they are hidden.
Multiple Time Delays Induced Dynamics of p53 Gene Regulatory Network
Authors: Bi Yuanhong , Li Yanan , Hou Jianmin , Liu Quansheng
Published: December 2021

p53 dynamics plays an important role in determining cell arrest or apoptosis upon DNA damage response. In this paper, based on a p53 gene regulatory network composed of its core regulator ATM, Mdm2 and Wip1, the effect of multiple time delays in transcription and translation of Mdm2 and Wip1 gene expression on p53 dynamics are investigated through theoretical and numerical analyses. The stability of the positive equilibrium point and the existence of Hopf bifurcation are demonstrated through analyzing the associated characteristic equation of the corresponding linearized system in five cases. Detailed numerical simulations and bifurcation analyses are performed to support the theoretical results. The results show that with the increase of a time delay, the positive equilibrium point becomes unstable, and the p53 dynamics presents an oscillating state. These results reveal that time delay has a significant impact on p53 dynamics and may provide a useful insight into developing anti-cancer therapy.
Synthesis of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Material with a Synergistic Interface as a Release Agent for Free Acid β-Hydroxy-β-Methyl Butyrate
Authors: Andrade-Espinoza Beatriz A. , Carbajal-Arizaga Gregorio G. , Rivas-Fuentes Selma , Nuño Karla , Pelayo-Vázquez José Benito , Arratia-Quijada Jenny
Published: December 2021

We report the preparation and characterization of a new organic-inorganic hybrid system composed of type-I collagen and ZnAl layered double hydroxide (LDH) particles loaded with β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate (HMB) by coprecipitation reaction. X-ray diffraction (peaks well agree with those reported in the literature), infrared spectroscopy (stretching bonds for both organic-inorganic compounds), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the hybrid system retained HMB in the carboxylate form, and a small fraction turned to the acid form. In both cases, the HMB molecules are assembled to the LDH surface. The hybrid compound results in improved thermal stability for HMB and collagen, as shown by thermal analysis. Scanning electron microscopy data reflects different arrangements from LDH sheets with interesting physicochemical properties since LDH and collagen protect free HMB and make it more bioavailable and functional. In vitro studies as part of high-throughput screening strategies indicated that LDH hybrids reduced cell viability around 75-90%, which is an acceptable viability value because of the L6 cell line susceptibility. However, all new nanomaterials must be carefully analyzed by different toxicity tests because a single test does not evaluate complete physiological compartments.
Vitamin E‐Enhanced Liners in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Cheng Qian-Yue , Zhang Bin-Fei , Wen Peng-Fei , Wang Jun , Hao Lin-Jie , Wang Tao , Cheng Hui-Guang , Wang Ya-Kang , Guo Jian-Bin , Zhang Yu-Min
Published: December 2021

Objective. Adding vitamin E to highly cross‐linked polyethylene liners is frequently performed in clinical practice, aiming at reducing liner wear, increasing liner survival, and delaying revision surgery. This study is aimed at evaluating the revision rate, total femoral head penetration, and postoperative clinical function of highly cross‐linked polyethylene liners with and without vitamin E in total hip arthroplasty. Methods. We conducted a systematic literature search to identify the use of highly cross‐linked vitamin E liners compared to other liners in patients who received total hip arthroplasty (THA) before April 2021. The study quality assessment and data collection were conducted by two independent reviewers. Studies were artificially grouped, and vitamin E‐enhanced liners (VE‐PE) were compared with vitamin E‐free liners (non‐VE‐PE). Analyses were executed using Review Manager version 5.4.1. Results. From the preliminary screening of 568 studies, fourteen studies met the research criteria. Compared to non‐VE‐PE, using VE‐PE reduced the all‐cause revision rate (odds ratio = 0.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.40, 0.73; P < 0.0001). The total femoral head penetration of the VE‐PE was lower than that of the non‐VE‐PE (mean difference = −0.10; 95% CI ‐0.17, ‐0.03; P = 0.007). However, there was no difference in clinical function, including the Harris Hip Score and EuroQol Five‐Dimension Questionnaire scores. Conclusion. Compared to the liners without vitamin E, the addition of vitamin E to liners could reduce the all‐cause revision rate by approximately 46% in the short‐term follow‐up. In addition, even though addition of vitamin E could also slow down femoral head penetration, there is no contribution to clinical function.
Study on Risk Factors for Death from Cardiomyopathy and Effectiveness of Health Information Management
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Shuping , Wang Yan , Xuan Jin , Han Yanli , Ke Jianlin
Published: December 2021

Objective. To explore risk factors for death from cardiomyopathy and the effectiveness of health information management (HIM). Methods. A total of 80 patients with cardiomyopathy admitted in ICU of our hospital (January 2016–January 2020) were selected as study subjects, and the clinical data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the survival group (n = 72) and the death group (n = 14) according to the treatment outcome. Then, according to the management mode, the survival group was further equally divided into the conventional group and the HIM group to investigate the influence of risk factors on prognosis of patients with cardiomyopathy and the effectiveness of HIM. Results. No significant difference was found in baseline body mass, myocardial enzymes, troponin, infection factors, history of heart disease, and gender between the survival group and the death group (

P

 > 0.05). Compared with the survival group, the patients of the death group were older (

P

 < 0.05), LVEF of the death group was obviously lower (

P

 < 0.05), and the scores of APACHE II and SOFA of the death group were obviously higher (

P

 < 0.05). Further logistic regression analysis of the univariate factors influencing the risk of death from cardiomyopathy led to the conclusion that LVEF was an independent risk factor for death in patients with cardiomyopathy. LVEF below 24.69% examined by echocardiography had a high predictive value, with a sensitivity of 98.6% and a specificity of 78.6%. No obvious difference was found in general data between the conventional group and the HIM group (

P

 > 0.05). Compared with the conventional group, the disease remission rate, complication rate, awareness rate of health knowledge, ICU length of stay, and scores of self-management efficacy of the HIM group were obviously better (

P

 < 0.05). No significant difference was found in 5-year mean survival rate between the conventional group and the HIM group (

P

 > 0.05). Conclusion. Older age, lower LVEF, and higher scores of APACHE II and SOFA are all risk factors for death from cardiomyopathy. Lower LVEF is an independent risk factor, and LVEF below 24.69% is an important indicator of increased risk of death. Moreover, HIM can effectively improve short-term treatment efficacy but has little effect on the long-term survival rate.
Bearing Fault Diagnosis under Variable Working Conditions Based on Deep Residual Shrinkage Networks and Transfer Learning
Authors: Yang Xinyu , Chi Fulin , Shao Siyu , Zhang Qiang
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, deep learning has made great achievements in the field of rotating machinery fault diagnosis. But in the practical engineering scenarios, when facing a large number of unlabeled data and variable operating conditions, only using a deep learning algorithm may reduce the performance. In order to solve the above problem, this paper uses a method of combining transfer learning with deep learning. First, the deep shrinkage residual network is constructed by adding soft thresholds to extract the characteristics of bearing vibration data under noise redundancy. Then, the joint maximum mean deviation (JMMD) criterion and conditional domain adversarial (CDA) learning domain adapting network are used to align the source and target domains. At the same time, adding transferable semantic augmentation (TSA) regular items improves alignment performance between classes. Finally, the proposed model is verified by three experiments: variable load, variable speed, and variable noise, which overcomes the shortcomings of traditional deep learning and shallow transfer learning algorithms.
Impact of Phytomediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Growth and Oxidative Stress Response of In Vitro Raised Shoots of Ochradenus arabicus
Authors: Al-Qurainy Fahad , Khan Salim , Alansi Saleh , Nadeem Mohammad , Alshameri Aref , Gaafar Abdel-Rhman , Tarroum Mohamed , Shaikhaldein Hassan O. , Salih Abdalrhaman M. , Alenezi Norah Arrak , Alfarraj Norah S.
Published: December 2021

Biogenic nanoparticles have potential roles in the growth and development of plants and animals as they are ecofriendly and free of chemical contaminants. In this study, we assessed the effects of phytomediated zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) on shoot growth, biochemical markers, and antioxidant system response in Ochradenus arabicus, which is a medicinal plant. The shoot length and fresh and dry weights were found to be higher in groups with 5 and 10 mg/L ZnONPs than in the control. At high concentrations of ZnONPs (50, 100, and 300 mg/L), biomass was decreased in a concentration‐dependent manner. The shoot number was observed to be highest at 50 mg/L among all applied concentrations of ZnONPs. The levels of the stress markers proline and TBARS were found to be higher in shoots treated with 100 and 300 mg/L ZnONPs than in the control as well as NP‐treated shoots. The levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly increased at high concentrations of nanoparticles compared with the control. Thus, synthesized phytomediated ZnONPs from shoots of O. arabicus and their application to the same organ of O. arabicus in vitro were found to be effective as a low concentration of nanoparticles promoted shoot growth, resulting in high biomass accumulation. Thus, using green nanotechnology, such endemic plants could be conserved in vitro and multiple shoots could be produced by reducing the phytohormone concentration for multiple uses, such as the production of potential secondary metabolites.
Greening Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for Sorghum Flour Multielemental Determination by Microwave-Induced Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry
Authors: Curti María Isabel , Cora Jofre Florencia , Azcarate Silvana M. , Camiña José M. , Ribotta Pablo D. , Savio Marianela
Published: December 2021

Sorghum is the fourth most important cereal produced in Argentina and the fifth worldwide. It has good agronomic characteristics and could be developed in arid areas, allowing a wide geographic distribution. Its starch content, higher than 70%, makes it possible to obtain a good yield of flours. Nutritionally, it should be noted that the grain does not have the protein fraction called prolamins, which makes it suitable for consumption by people with celiac disease. The multielemental composition constitutes an important indicator of the nutritional profile of the grains and allows, together with other parameters, to select the most suitable varieties for human consumption. In its determination, the preanalytical stage is decisive to obtain a reliable result. Organic samples are a challenge for sample introduction systems that use plasma-based techniques. As an alternative to conventional pretreatment with a microwave-assisted digestion (MWAD), a greener, quick, and simple treatment is proposed, using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) in diluted acid media. The UAE method accelerates analysis times, improves performance and productivity, and was applied to sorghum samples cultivated in the province of La Pampa (Argentina). Microwave-induced plasma optical emission spectrometry (MIP OES) was employed for the determination of Cu, K, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn. The detection limits found ranged from 0.6 (Cu) to 89 (P) mg kg−1, and the precision expressed by the relative standard deviation (RSD) was ≤7.7% (Zn). For validation, a maize reference material (NCS ZC 73010) was evaluated. The principal component analysis revealed three different groupings related to the sorghum varieties’ mineral profile.
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling of Neuroendocrine Carcinomas of the Gastrointestinal System
Authors: Yachida Shinichi , Totoki Yasushi , Noë Michaël , Nakatani Yoichiro , Horie Masafumi , Kawasaki Kenta , Nakamura Hiromi , Saito-Adachi Mihoko , Suzuki Masami , Takai Erina , Hama Natsuko , Higuchi Ryota , Hirono Seiko , Shiba Satoshi , Kato Mamoru , Furukawa Eisaku , Arai Yasuhito , Rokutan Hirofumi , Hashimoto Taiki , Mitsunaga Shuichi , Kanda Mitsuro , Tanaka Hidenori , Takata So , Shimomura Ayaka , Oshima Minoru , Hackeng Wenzel M. , Okumura Tomoyuki , Okano Keiichi , Yamamoto Masakazu , Yamaue Hiroki , Morizane Chigusa , Arihiro Koji , Furukawa Toru , Sato Toshiro , Kiyono Tohru , Brosens Lodewijk A.A. , Wood Laura D. , Hruban Ralph H. , Shibata Tatsuhiro
Published: December 2021

The neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gastrointestinal system (GIS-NEC) is a rare but highly malignant neoplasm. We analyzed 115 cases using whole-genome/exome sequencing, transcriptome sequencing, DNA methylation assays, and/or ATAC-seq and found GIS-NECs to be genetically distinct from neuroendocrine tumors (GIS-NET) in the same location. Clear genomic differences were also evident between pancreatic NECs (Panc-NEC) and nonpancreatic GIS-NECs (Nonpanc-NEC). Panc-NECs could be classified into two subgroups (i.e., “ductal-type” and “acinar-type”) based on genomic features. Alterations in TP53 and RB1 proved common in GIS-NECs, and most Nonpanc-NECs with intact RB1 demonstrated mutually exclusive amplification of CCNE1 or MYC. Alterations of the Notch gene family were characteristic of Nonpanc-NECs. Transcription factors for neuroendocrine differentiation, especially the SOX2 gene, appeared overexpressed in most GIS-NECs due to hypermethylation of the promoter region. This first comprehensive study of genomic alterations in GIS-NECs uncovered several key biological processes underlying genesis of this very lethal form of cancer.

Significance:

GIS-NECs are genetically distinct from GIS-NETs. GIS-NECs arising in different organs show similar histopathologic features and share some genomic features, but considerable differences exist between Panc-NECs and Nonpanc-NECs. In addition, Panc-NECs could be classified into two subgroups (i.e., “ductal-type” and “acinar-type”) based on genomic and epigenomic features.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 587
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria under Scrutiny in the Geneva Area (2015–2020)
Authors: Vongthilath-Moeung Rechana , Plojoux Jérôme , Poncet Antoine , Renzi Gesuele , Veziris Nicolas , Schrenzel Jacques , Janssens Jean-Paul
Published: December 2021

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly identified in industrialized countries, and their role as pathogens is more frequently recognized. The relative prevalence of NTM strains shows an important geographical variability. Thus, establishing the local relative prevalence of NTM strains is relevant and useful for clinicians. Methods: Retrospective analysis (2015–2020) of a comprehensive database was conducted including all results of cultures for mycobacteria in a University Hospital (Geneva, Switzerland), covering a population of approximately 500,000 inhabitants. All NTM culture-positive patients were included in the analyses. Patients’ characteristics, NTM strains, and time to culture positivity were reported. Results: Among 38,065 samples analyzed during the study period, 411 were culture-positive for NTM, representing 236 strains, and 231 episodes of care which occurred in 222 patients. Patients in whom NTM were identified were predominantly female (55%), with a median age of 62 years, and a low BMI (median: 22.6 kg/m2). The Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) was the most frequently identified group (37% of strains) followed by Mycobacterium gordonae (25%) and Mycobacterium xenopi (12%) among the slowly growing mycobacteria (SGM), while the Mycobacterium chelonae/abscessus group (11%) were the most frequently identified rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM). Only 19% of all patients were treated, mostly for pulmonary infections: the MAC was the most frequently treated NTM (n = 19, 43% of cases in patients treated) followed by RGM (n = 15, 34%) and M. xenopi (n = 6, 14%). Among those treated, 23% were immunosuppressed, 12% had pulmonary comorbidities, and 5% systemic comorbidities. Cultures became positive after a median of 41 days (IQR: 23; 68) for SGM and 28 days (14; 35) for RGM. Conclusions: In Western Switzerland, M. avium and M. gordonae were the most prevalent NTM identified. Positive cultures for NTM led to a specific treatment in 19% of subjects. Patients with a positive culture for NTM were mostly female, with a median age of 62 years, a low BMI, and a low prevalence of immunosuppression or associated severe comorbidities.
In-Hospital Outcomes of Urgent, Early, or Late Revascularization for Symptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: Cui Christina L. , Dakour-Aridi Hanaa , Lu Jinny J. , Yei Kevin S. , Schermerhorn Marc L. , Malas Mahmoud B.
Published: December 2021

Background and Purpose:

Advancements in carotid revascularization have produced promising outcomes in patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis. However, the optimal timing of revascularization procedures after symptomatic presentation remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to compare in-hospital outcomes of transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR), transfemoral carotid stenting (TFCAS), or carotid endarterectomy (CEA) performed within different time intervals after most recent symptoms.

Methods:

This is a retrospective cohort study of United States patients in the vascular quality initiative. All carotid revascularizations performed for symptomatic carotid artery stenosis between September 2016 and November 2019 were included. Procedures were categorized as urgent (0–2 days after most recent symptom), early (3–14 days), or late (15–180 days). The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital stroke and death. Secondary outcomes include in-hospital stroke, death, and transient ischemic attacks. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare outcomes.

Results:

A total of 18 643 revascularizations were included: 2006 (10.8%) urgent, 7423 (39.8%) early, and 9214 (49.42%) late. Patients with TFCAS had the highest rates of stroke/death at all timing cohorts (urgent: 4.0% CEA, 6.9% TFCAS, 6.5% TCAR,
P
=0.018; early: 2.5% CEA, 3.8% TFCAS, 2.9% TCAR,
P
=0.054; late: 1.6% CEA, 2.8% TFCAS, 2.3% TCAR,
P
=0.003). TFCAS also had increased odds of in-hospital stroke/death compared with CEA in all 3 groups (urgent adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.7 [95% CI, 1.0–2.9]
P
=0.03; early aOR, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.1–2.4]
P
=0.01; and late aOR, 1.9 [95% CI, 1.2–3.0]
P
=0.01). TCAR and CEA had comparable odds of in-hospital stroke/death in all 3 groups (urgent aOR, 1.9 [95% CI, 0.9–4],
P
=0.10), (early aOR, 1.1 [95% CI, 0.7–1.7],
P
=0.66), (late aOR, 1.5 [95% CI, 0.9–2.3],
P
=0.08).

Conclusions:

CEA remains the safest method of revascularization within the urgent period. Among revascularization performed outside of the 48 hours, TCAR and CEA have comparable outcomes.
ANKARA VİLAYET GAZETESİ VE SALNAMELERİ PENCERESİNDEN XIX. YÜZYILIN İKİNCİ YARISINDA ANKARA’DA TARIM VE HAYVANCILIK
Authors: TEKEMEN ALTINDAŞ Eylem
Published: December 2021

XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Osmanlı Devleti’nde tarım ve hayvancılık ile ilgili faaliyetlerin artırılmasına yönelik çalışmaları; Ankara Vilayeti özelinde inceleyen bu makale, Ankara Vilayet Salnameleri ile Vilayet Gazetesindeki bilgiler ve güncel kaynaklar doğrultusunda hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada Ankara’da tarım ve hayvancılığın genel durumu ile yetiştirilen tarım ürünleri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Tanzimat’tan itibaren tarımsal üretimi artırmak için yeni tarım arazilerinin açılması ve mevcut arazilerde verimi artırma çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda Anadolu’ya gelen muhacirlerin yeni tarım arazilerine yerleştirilmesi ve yerli halka tarım konusunda örnek olmaları önemlidir. Anadolu Demiryolu hattının Ankara’ya ulaşmasıyla birlikte tarımsal ticaretin hareketlilik kazandığı görülmüştür. Ankara’da hayvancılığın durumu vilayet salnamelerindeki veriler doğrultusunda açıklanmıştır. Bölge halkı için kazanç kapısı olan tiftiğin XIX. yüzyıldaki durumu ve tiftik keçisinin ıslahı konusunda yapılan çalışmalar hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.
EĞİTİM FAALİYETLERİNİN ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BİREYSEL YENİLİKÇİLİK DÜZEYİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: KARAHAN Mehmet , GEDİK Yeliz
Published: December 2021

Teknolojik gelişmelerin hızla yayıldığı bir dünyada yenilikçi bir anlayışı benimseyen ve risk alabilen kişilerin, oluşan yeni yapıya uyum sağlamada ve başarıyı yakalamada daha fazla şansı olacaktır. Teknolojik gelişmelerle birlikte iş hayatında da büyük değişimlerin yaşanması çalışanların yeni koşullara uyum sağlamasını gerekli kılmıştır. Bu düşünceden hareketle yenilik kapasitesinin artırılmasına önemli etkileri olduğu düşünülen eğitim aktivitelerinin potansiyel iş gücünü oluşturan üniversite öğrencilerinin bireysel yenilikçilik düzeylerini farklılaştırıp farklılaştırmadığının analizinin yapılması, günümüzün en önemli rekabet aracı olan yenilikçiliğin artırılmasına katkı sağlayabilecektir. Bu hedef doğrultusunda yapılan bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinin yenilikçilikle ilgili herhangi bir eğitim alma durumlarının yenilikçilik düzeyine etkileri incelenmiştir. Bölge üniversitelerinde öğrenim gören 895 öğrenciyle yapılan anket çalışmasından elde edilen sonuçlara göre yenilikçilikle ilgili konularda eğitim faaliyetlerine katılmak yenilikçilik düzeyini pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Elde edilen bulgular yükseköğretim kurumlarında yenilikçiliği teşvik eden müfredat ve faaliyet tasarımı çalışmalarını cesaretlendirici niteliktedir.
TÜRKİYE’DE MAKROEKONOMİK DEĞİŞKENLERİN MURABAHA ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: 2010-2020 YILLARI ARASI ARDL SINIR TESTİ UYGULAMASI
Authors: ŞAHBALI Sevim Nur , AKKAN ÇETİNDAŞ Demet , BOZKURT Ayhan , ELMAS Yalçın
Published: December 2021

Murabaha akdi, peşin olarak satın alınan bir malın üzerine belli bir oranda kâr marjı eklenerek vadeli olarak satılması anlamına gelmektedir. Günümüzde katılım bankalarının en yaygın kullanmış olduğu finansman yöntemi, murabaha işlemleridir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, murabaha akdinin makroekonomik değişkenlerden ne denli etkilendiğini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada 2010.Q1- 2020.Q3 dönemini kapsayan üçer aylık murabaha, faiz ve enflasyon değişkenlerine ait veri seti, EViews 10 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Değişkenler arasındaki kısa ve uzun dönemli ilişkinin belirlenebilmesi için ARDL sınır testi uygulanmış, aralarındaki nedensellik ilişkisi Granger nedensellik testi ile ortaya konmuştur. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, murabaha üzerinde uzun ve kısa dönemde faizin negatif, enflasyonun ise pozitif yönlü anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Granger nedensellik testi sonucuna göre ise faiz ve enflasyonun, murabahanın nedeni olduğu, böylelikle ARDL sınır testi sonuçlarıyla benzer sonuçlara ulaşıldığı görülmüştür.
Further Reforming a Reformed Theology of Law
Authors: VanDrunen David
Published: December 2021

Early Reformed theology of law was very similar to Thomas Aquinas’s, although it also dissented from aspects of his work. This early Reformed thinking about law came to influential expression in the Marrow of Modern Divinity. The Marrow’s theology of law focused on concerns of Reformed soteriology while continuing to resemble much of Thomas’s scheme. This revised Reformed approach was generally helpful, yet did not give enough attention to the movement of redemptive history. Therefore, this article proposes a theology of law that incorporates earlier Reformed developments but also seeks to reform them further by taking redemptive-historical considerations into fuller account.
Barth on Divine Simplicity and the Attributes of God: A Theological Agenda for Christian/Muslim Dialogue
Authors: Pickard Stephen
Published: December 2021

This article examines the theological concepts of divine simplicity and the attributes of God. The purpose of this inquiry is to explore the significance of these themes for Christian/Muslim dialogue. In this sense the article is an overture to a public theology undertaken through aspects of the doctrine of God foundational for Christians and Muslims. An introduction identifies the somewhat marginal significance of theological dialogue in Christian-Muslim encounter. In doing so it considers what contribution Karl Barth might have to make to Christian-Muslim reflections on the doctrine of God. The main focus of the article examines Barth’s treatment of divine simplicity and the attributes of God. In this respect the article highlights the importance of Barth’s ethical transposition of the doctrine of divine simplicity and its implications for inter-religious engagements in the world. The article argues for a public theology which takes more seriously the relationship between theory and practice in inter-religious dialogue.
Hybrid Organization in the Church: Hybrid Church as a Strategy for Public Engagement
Authors: Wilson Richard
Published: December 2021

Hybrid churches adopt some local business practices and identities in order to create a place and role in secular public space for a public engagement.1 They use hospitality and embassy to challenge the basis of public engagement, discourse, objectives and goals. Hybrid organization alongside hospitality and embassy enables the creation of alternative public spaces in which engagement and discourse may take place according to an alternative communicative base to conventional public discourse, intentionally to critique secular conventions of public presence and discourse.
Repurposing Romantic Drama in Late-Nineteenth-Century Egypt: Najīb al-Ḥaddād’s Arabizations of Victor Hugo
Authors: Ziter Edward
Published: December 2021

At the end of the nineteenth century, Najīb al-Ḥaddād adapted two dramas by Victor Hugo for The Egyptian Patriotic Troupe. Al-Ḥaddād rewrote Hugo’s Hernani as Ḥamdān, transferring the story from the Spanish court of 1519 to Andalucía under ‘Abd al-Raḥmān II. Les Burgraves became Tha’rāt al-‘arab (Revenge of the Arabs), and transformed from a play about Barbarossa and the Holy Roman Empire into a play about a pre-Islamic Lakhmid king’s struggle to restore unified Arab rule in the Arabian peninsula. I argue that Al-Ḥaddād’s adaptations anachronistically placed modern ideas in the Arab past—characterizing shūrā as the election of leaders, using sha‘b to mean a sovereign people, and calling for Arab cultural unity and revival. Al-Ḥaddād’s adaptations transformed the nationalism of Hugo’s drama into calls for Arab solidarity. In producing these plays, The Egyptian Patriotic Troupe embodied an Arab past overlaid with modern communal identities.
Popular and Public History
Authors: Covart Liz
Published: December 2021

This essay offers a reflection on the role public and popular history play in creating understanding and awareness about early modern history. It considers Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks’ chapter “Popular and Public History” in her book, What is Early Modern History, and uses Wiesner-Hanks’ ideas as a starting point to expand understanding of early modern scholarly identity, the role museums and historic sites could play in creating broad awareness about the early modern period, and why podcasts provide historians with a powerful tool to help non-historians better connect with and understand the early modern period.
Jurisdictional Immunity of States in the Evolving Practice of the Finnish Courts
Authors: Långström Tarja
Published: December 2021

International codification efforts have not yet yielded functioning treaty regimes relating to jurisdictional immunities of states and their property. In practice, however, many states have embraced a restrictive approach to state immunity, either in special legislation enacted to that effect, or in their judicial practice. There is no special legislation on state immunity in Finland, but the courts have been faced with state immunity questions on a few occasions. The courts have made an effort to apply the 2004 UN Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property as a matter of customary international law binding on Finland. By so doing they have steered the Finnish practice towards restrictive understanding of state immunity.
The Investment Protection Rules of the EU-Canada Trade Agreement
Authors: Niemelä Pekka , von der Pütten Tuija
Published: December 2021

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the substantive protection provided to investors against indirect expropriations under the EU-Canada Free Trade Agreement (ceta) and under the Constitution of Finland. More specifically, we analyse these respective spheres of protection in a regulatory context in Finland where Canadian investors operate actively: industrial mining. The purpose of the comparative analysis is to provide tentative answers to three broad research questions: Can investors challenge legitimate public interest measures under ceta’s investment protection rules? Is the protection provided under ceta co-extensive with the protection provided under the constitutions of countries placing high on global rule of law rankings? And are countries upholding the rule of law safe from investor claims under ceta’s reformed investment protection rules? A more general purpose is to bring more depth and nuance into the debates concerning the reform of the investment treaty regime, which often travel at a high level of abstraction.
State Immunity in Danish Law
Authors: Møller-Christensen Asbjørn , Michael Kendal David
Published: December 2021

With a primary focus on civil law, the article provides a general overview of the most important legislation, court decisions and other state practice in explaining how international law on state immunity applies in Denmark today. Although Danish court practice has been quite sparse, there have been a number of important decisions effectively implementing international state immunity law into Danish law. The article also reflects on the application and development of customary international law in Danish law outside Danish courts with a particular focus on the 2004 UN Convention on Jurisdictional Immunity of States and Their Property, which Denmark has signed, but not ratified. Other examples of Danish practice are briefly highligthed, underscoring the conclusion that Denmark has broadly embraced the restrictive approach to international law on state immunity.
Intentional and Unintentional Discrimination: What Are They and What Makes Them Morally Different
Authors: Dinur Rona
Published: December 2021

The distinction between intentional and unintentional discrimination is a prominent one in the literature and public discourse; intentional discriminatory actions are commonly considered particularly morally objectionable relative to unintentional discriminatory actions. Nevertheless, it remains unclear what the two types amount to, and what generates the moral difference between them. The paper develops philosophically-informed conceptualizations of the two types based on which the moral difference between them may be accounted for. On the suggested account, intentional discrimination is characterized by the agent viewing the content of an underlying discriminatory belief as a consideration that counts in favor of her action. This, it is argued, amounts to endorsing the discriminatory belief, which generates the particular moral severity of intentional discrimination.
Reassessing the Power of a Sub-Regional Security Provider: The Case of Nigeria in the Gambian Crisis
Authors: Omotuyi Sunday
Published: December 2021

Nigeria’s traditional role as a security provider in West Africa being a sub-regional hegemon and mainspring of the ECOWAS has enjoyed scholarly engagement since the end of the Cold War. Its advocacy for the ‘African solutions to African problems’ has been a critical component of its African diplomacy since independence in 1960. This advocacy finds its loudest expression in the leadership roles it played in peacekeeping efforts in the continent in tandem with what has been dubbed Pax-Nigeriana. However, Nigeria’s intervention in the Gambian political crisis has generated endless controversies in light of its regional hegemonic disposition. The study, against this background, investigates its intervention in this tiny West African country. It argues, within the context of hegemonic stability theory, that its intervention presents little evidence to suggest that Abuja’s ‘leadership role’ in the resolution of the crisis is indicative of hegemonic influence.
The EU Battle on the Last Word and the Environment
Authors: Krämer Ludwig
Published: December 2021

In May 2020, the German constitutional court decided that under certain conditions, a decision by the Court of Justice of the European Union should or could be ignored by a national court, which would have the last word to decide on the compatibility with the EU Treaties of a measure adopted by an EU institution or body. The contribution examines, whether this German decision is compatible with the EU Treaties and concludes that it this is not the case.
Influence of Trichoderma spp on Macrophoma theicola branch canker disease in South Indian tea gardens, India
Authors: Mareeswaran Jeyaraman
Published: December 2021

Branch canker disease caused by the fungus Macrophoma theicola is a major stem disease that reduces the yield of south Indian tea plantations. Hence the present study aimed to assess the efficacy of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma spp against various isolates of Macrophoma spp. For this matter, different tea-growing regions of south India were surveyed for the isolation and characterization of Macrophoma spp. Then, fungal biocontrol strains (Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma atroviride, Trichoderma harzianum, and Gliocladium virens) were procured from microbial type culture collection Centre (MTCC) to screen their antagonistic potential on different isolates Macrophoma spp. The spores of Macrophoma spp were examined through a light microscope and identified by their peculiar morphological features such as non-septum pycnidiospores present in the sac and oval shape spore with stalk and confirmed using 18S rRNA gene sequence. The results revealed that the biocontrol G. virens followed by T. harzianum showed a higher inhibitory effect on different isolates of Macrophoma spp in the dual plate and culture filtrate studies. In the well diffusion method, the fungal biocontrol agents were found to be exhibit non-significant differences on different isolates of branch canker pathogen. The hyphal interactions studies showed that the pathogenic hyphal wall shrunk and penetrated by the interaction of G. virens.
Disobedience in the Courtroom: Iliad 18.497–508
Authors: Baker Charles
Published: December 2021

This article aims to combine a literary and a detailed linguistic approach to the “trial scene” in the Shield of Achilles. Legal historians attempt to reconstruct a judicial system, encountering textual issues and incompatibilities. Ekphrasis is rarely mentioned, and writings on ekphrasis rarely treat the trial scene in detail when discussing the Shield. A close reading, underpinned by the theory of ekphrasis, is able to address these difficulties. This passage describes a series of alternative dispute solutions, rather than a coherent judicial process. This presentation argues that this makes the passage central to the poetics of the Shield, not an outlier.
The Last Shall Be First: πανύστατος in Apollonios and Homer
Authors: Cowan Robert
Published: December 2021

This article considers the intertextual significance of Apollonios’s use on two occasions in the Argonautika of πανύστατος, a Homeric τρὶς λεγόμενον, found twice in the Iliad and once in the Odyssey. Homer applies it to Eumelos’s finishing position in the chariot race and the emergence of Polyphemos’s ram from the cave, Apollonios to Herakles’s endurance in the rowing contest and Aietes’s equally belated emergence from his palace. πανύστατος in itself simultaneously evokes belatedness and the sense of being the last remaining, in keeping with Apollonios’s epigonal poetics and his archaizing depiction of Herakles and Aietes. Intertextually, Herakles’s impromptu contest and Aietes’s role in the crypto-athletic ἄεθλος he sets Jason resonate with the Homeric funeral games and their exploration of the definition of excellence and how it is measured, through the figure of Eumelos who is both πανύστατος and ἄριστος. Polyphemos’s ram, whose superficially humble lastness conceals Odysseus’s victory, renders the relationship more complex still.
Book review: Sunil Ambekar, The RSS: Roadmaps for the 21st Century
Authors: Roy Himanshu
Published: December 2021

Sunil Ambekar, The RSS: Roadmaps for the 21st Century. New Delhi: Rupa, 2019, 230 pp., ₹495. ISBN: 978-9353336851.
A Critical Assessment of the Value of Top-Down and Bottom-Up Public Policy Implementation Theories, with Reference to the Case of Implementation of Passport Seva: An eGovernance Policy in India
Authors: Balamurugan K.
Published: December 2021

What are the challenges in public policy processes? Why do some critical public problems not carry to the agenda-setting of policy-making, or even if carried, they fail during implementation? One of the responses to these queries is that policy-making often happens in a complex, dynamic, sociopolitical environment where there are overarching structures above the policy makers and there are competing actors, ideas, groups, policy networks, institutions and policy subsystem that interact with unequal power and conflicting interests (Sanderson, 2009). It is thus realised that the systematic study of public policy is significant for bringing progressive change in society. Hence it is required to build new knowledge and to improve upon the working of public policy. This article will study the value of the top down and bottom up theories in the case of implementation of a new eGovernance policy on passport issuance in India. The findings are that due to resistance from different stakeholders, the project could be implemented only after certain bottom up changes to the policy along with change management strategies.
Interpreting Citizenship Amendment Act: Its Content and Context
Authors: Ratha Keshab Chandra
Published: December 2021

India is endowed with a proud history of inclusive government and religious tolerance. Indian citizenship has always been firmly rooted in the country’s constitution, which lays priority on equality, regardless of gender, caste, religion, class, community or language. Attaching citizenship rights to religious affiliation runs counter to the letter and spirit of India’s Constitution and constitutional morality. The major thrust of the present article is to project government’s stance on the Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019, constitutional provisions in relation to the Act, thematic arguments of critics and constitutional experts on the matter, multifarious challenges ahead in respect of its implementation, by establishing the fact that any measure taken must remain in conformity with international norms and values and necessity of amending the law to do away with the arbitrary selection of countries and religious groups so that the current agitation can be easily tranquilised.
Talking about non-union collective agreements: A union perspective
Authors: Ben Lawrence , Sage Alistair McLaren
Published: December 2021

In a recent contribution in this journal, Mark Bray, Shae McCrystal and Leslee Spiess posed the question, ‘Why doesn't anyone talk about non-union collective agreements?’ Surveying business, government and union perspectives, the authors identified the need for greater attention and research to understand their effect on contemporary Australian industrial relations. This article serves as a response to this concern. Two case studies illustrate how non-union agreements work in practice under the Fair Work Act 2009. We outline further examples of how unions have been talking about non-union agreements through a legal and policy strategy rather than public advocacy. Assessing employer motivations for pursuing non-union agreements, as well as bargaining outcomes for workers, we conclude that there is an urgent need for reform.
Income Inequality, Social Mobility, and Electoral Participation in the US Counties: Revisiting the Inequality-Participation Nexus
Authors: Kim Dongkyu , Kim Mi-son , Lee Sang-Jic
Published: December 2021

Previous research has provided contested hypotheses about the impact of income inequality on electoral participation. This study reexamines the debate between conflict and relative power theories by focusing on a largely ignored factor: social mobility. We argue that social mobility conditions the inequality-participation nexus by alleviating the frustration, class conflict, and efficacy gaps between the rich and the poor that the prevailing theories assume income inequality to create. By utilizing the Cooperative Congressional Election Survey, we test this argument focusing on US counties. Our analysis confirms that the effects of income inequality on citizens’ likelihood of voting vary depending on mobility, suggesting that social mobility provides a crucial context in which income inequality can play out in substantially different ways. This article implies that more scholarly endeavors should be made to clarify the multifaceted structure of inequality for improving our understanding of the relationship between economic and political inequality.
Forecasting Tourism Demand With a New Time-Varying Forecast Averaging Approach
Authors: Sun Yuying , Zhang Jian , Li Xin , Wang Shouyang
Published: December 2021

Existing research has shown that combination can effectively improve tourism forecasting accuracy compared with single model. However, the model uncertainty and structural instability in combination for out-of-sample tourism forecasting may influence the forecasting performance. This paper proposes a novel forecast combination approach based on time-varying jackknife model averaging (TVJMA), which can more efficiently handle structural changes and nonstationary trends in tourism data. Using Hong Kong tourism demand from five major tourism source regions as an empirical study, we investigate whether our proposed nonparametric TVJMA-based approach can improve tourism forecasting accuracy further. Empirical results show that the proposed TVJMA-based approach outperforms other competitors including single model and three combination methods in most cases. Findings indicate the outstanding performance of our method is robust to various forecasting horizons and different estimation periods.
The acquisition of argument structures of intransitive and transitive verbs in Japanese: The role of parental input
Authors: Kayama Yuhko , Oshima-Takane Yuriko
Published: December 2021

The present study investigated the role of morphosyntactic information in the acquisition of transitive and intransitive verb argument structures (VAS) in the Japanese language, which allows massive omissions of arguments and case markers. In particular, we investigated how the ‘variation sets’ proposed by Küntay and Slobin work in Japanese. Longitudinal interaction data from three Japanese-speaking mother–child pairs were collected at five different times between the ages of 0;10 and 3;01. Children’s acquisition of VAS and mothers’ use of verbs were examined, including morphologically related verbs in a variety of sentence frames with null and overt arguments. The results indicate that all three mothers showed an increase in overt arguments in different syntactic roles as well as lexical given arguments around the time that children started uttering words. However, the use of a variety of sentence frames with null and overt arguments was not uniform among the mothers, and such individual differences were related to the acquisition of VAS among children. These findings support the role of ‘variation sets’ in the acquisition of VAS in Japanese and suggest that the availability of morphosyntactic information in the input helps children to reconstruct VAS.