bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The correlation between the mineral drinking water composition and the relevance of dentine in health – A pilot study
Authors: Razvan Creteanu , Popa Monica , Incze Ana-Maria , Cristina Creteanu
Published: February 2020

Objective: This study estimated the concentration of Ca, Mg and F in drinking water from five counties in Transylvania, Romania and correlated these with mineral values found in the dentine of permanent carious teeth. The role of these minerals on the re-mineralization of teeth is broadly analyzed.

Methods: The study consists of two parts: the first part is a pilot study aimed at determining the concentration of Ca, Mg and F in the dentine of permanent carious teeth of 75 male adults with residence in five counties in Transylvania. The second part is an evaluation of the levels of mineral composition in the drinking water from these counties. Mineral concentrations in dentine and drinking water samples, were determined in the laboratories of the public health institute and the research and analysis institute in Cluj Napoca, Romania.

Results: Statistically we found a direct and significant correlation between the Ca, Mg and F contain from the water samples and Ca, Mg and F contain from the dentine samples and an inverse correlation was statistically highlighted between Ca found in water samples and the F concentration in dentine samples. Improperly water mineralization associated with a general lack of fluoride reveals a potential negative impact on consumer health, including the oral-jaw system.

Conclusions: The results of this study indicate the need for improving the prevention of dental caries which is a priority in promoting orthodontic health for children. The variability in dentine minerals indicates the fact that permanent molar dentin represents an important biomarker for exposure. The future research will have to take into consideration the community residency status and the fact that these studies require a large sample to separate individual and community level contributions to dentin fluoride. Considering these notifications, we conclude that minerals are highly associated with caries.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1820

How to cite this:Razvan C, Popa M, Incze AM, Cristina C. The correlation between the mineral drinking water composition and the relevance of dentine in health – A pilot study. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):349-354. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.1820

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Microscopic Calculation of the Optical Model Potential from One Boson Exchange Poten­tials
Authors: Bonatsos Dennis , Muether H.
Published: February 2020

A new method for calculating the optical model potential from One Boson Exchange Potentials (OBEPs) is developed. The G-matrix is calculated by solving the Bethe-Goldstone equation in momentum space. Using vector brackets these G-matrix elements can be transformed from the center of mass representation into the laboratory system. This allows the evaluation of the (r-matrix interaction between nucleons in bound states and those in a plane-wave state. The lowest order contribution to the real part of the potential comes from the Hartree-Fock term, while the lowest order contribution to the imaginary part comes from the two-particle-one-hole (2p1h) diagram. Calculations for 16O and 40Ca have been carried out. Local approximations are obtained by describing the results for the central part in terms of a Woods-Saxon potential and those for the spin-orbit part in terms of the corresponding derivatives. The dependence of these potentials on energy and angular momentum is discussed. The parameters for these local approximations are in good agreement with empirical fits.
Clusters in Atoms and Nuclei
Authors: Anagnostatos G. S.
Published: February 2020

Small aggregates of particles, possessing different properties than those in bulk (i.e., in crystals or in nuclear matter), are reviewed here. Specifically, while some categories of atomic clusters (regular or bosonic) are in a solid state of matter and their structure possesses, more or less, definite geometric picture of packing of spheres standing for atoms, some other categories of atomic clusters (quantum or fermionic) are in a liquid (or gas) state of matter and their structure follows quantum mechanics whose only the average forms have a geometrical representation. These quantum clusters can be extended to include nucléon clusters of spheres standing for the nucléon bags with rather impressive results. All families of clusters considered together could be seen as a fifth state of matter.
Crowdfunding As the Innovative Method of Financing Business Projects
Authors: Sergeeva Anna , Voskresenskaya L.
Published: February 2020

The article discusses one of the newest ways to finance business projects — crowdfunding. The opinions of scientists on the essence of this concept are generalized. Particular attention is paid to various types of crowdfunding. The objectives of crowdfunding participants are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of crowdfunding, as a method of financing projects, are highlighted, the main difficulties of the development of the crowdfunding market in Russia are identified. In particular, the necessity of improving the regulatory framework and legal regulation of crowdfunding is shown. The features of government regulation of the crowdfunding market in the USA and the UK are investigated. The rules for the effective development and functioning of crowdfunding domestic and foreign systems, as well as the rules of behavior of project initiators for the effective attraction of investments are generalized. A comparative analysis of the main Russian and foreign crowdfunding platforms is done. Statistics on the activities of the largest crowdfunding venues are presented. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects and trends of crowdfunding in Russia.
Approach to Forecasting Demand for Industrial Products in the Face of Market Uncertainty
Authors: Domozhirova Irina
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this article is to analyze existing approaches to forecasting the demand for industrial products, as well as to identify their advantages and disadvantages. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that it is necessary to use a combined approach to forecasting demand for industrial products, which will increase the accuracy of the forecast and reduce the risk of non-fulfillment of customer orders. Based on the results of the study, a methodological approach to forecasting the demand for industrial products in the conditions of uncertain market environment is formed on the basis of the separation of commodity positions by level of profitability and the degree of risk of non-fulfillment of the order. The article is of interest to managers of industrial enterprises, economists specializing in the study of problems of demand management in the face of market uncertainty.
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS): a literature review of implications for ostomates and stoma care nurses
Authors: Marsden Jenny
Published: February 2020

This article explores the rationale behind enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), and the implications for both patients and stoma care nurses (SCNs). ERAS is used for many elective patient surgical pathways worldwide. The aim is to reduce hospital stay, maximise patient outcomes and minimise complications, with the added benefit of reducing cost for the hospital service provider. The literature demonstrates that centres adhere to the various modalities of the ERAS pathway differently; however, the outcomes follow similar trends. The SCN plays a key role in the education of stoma patients on the ERAS pathway. With intensive pre- and postoperative training, the need for patient education in stoma self-care should not delay discharge. The SCN also needs to be easily accessible for patient support and review, preventing unnecessary readmission to hospital. When asked, patients are happy with their pathway and level of support received from the SCN.
Global ageing: successes, challenges and opportunities
Authors: Mitchell Emma , Walker Richard
Published: February 2020

The world's population is ageing rapidly, with significant increases in the numbers of the oldest old. This places great pressure on societies to adapt to this changing demography. Pertinent issues include provision of education and resource for long-term conditions. The priorities older people hold need to be fully understood and their contributions to society, often diverse and far-reaching, recognised with sincerity. Currently, health systems for older people can often feel reactive, fragmented and disjointed. These systems can harbour inequity and ageism, and leave both patients and health-care providers dissatisfied.

Regarding the global context, the most rapidly ageing populations are in low- and middle-income countries. This partly reflects huge successes in the treatment and control of communicable diseases but gives rise to the challenge of the ‘double burden’, managing both communicable and non-communicable diseases simultaneously. Moreover, multimorbidity (suffering two or more chronic conditions) is commonplace and presents further challenges with regards to providing coordinated care.

In order to harmonise effective and sustainable change, collaboration at local, national and international levels is key in order to foster a platform for learning and information sharing. Therein lies huge opportunities for countries to share their individual experiences, both past and present, to improve preparedness for global ageing.
Continuous-variable random-number generation from an amplified spontaneous emission light source
Authors: Tomaru Tatsuya
Published: February 2020

An amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light source using an Er-doped fiber is an ideal random-number source in principle because ASE originates from vacuum fluctuations. Interferometrically measured ASE light directly reflects vacuum fluctuations in phase space; the interferometer does not need to be stabilized because the phase is completely random, and measurable random numbers are a continuous variable because vacuum fluctuations are continuous. These characteristics make the random-number source practical and ideal. Evaluated randomness was sufficiently ideal at the accuracy level of measurements and evaluations.
Study of Argon Afterglow with the Air Addition
Authors: Mazánková V. , Trunec D. , Petrová K. , Krčma F.
Published: February 2020

The reaction kinetics in argon flowing afterglow (post-discharge) with the air addition was studied by optical emission spectroscopy. The optical emission spectra were measured along the~post-discharge flow tube. A zero-dimensional kinetic model for the reactions in the afterglow was developed. This model allows to calculate the time dependencies of particle concentrations.
How to make norms with drawings: An investigation of normativity beyond the realm of words
Authors: Lorini Giuseppe , Moroni Stefano
Published: February 2020

A widespread opinion holds that norms and codes of conduct as such can only be established via words, that is, in some lexical form. This perspective can be criticized: some norms produced by human acts are not word-based at all. For example, many norms are actually conveyed through graphics (e. g. road signs and land-use maps), sounds (e. g. the referee’s whistle), a silent gesture (the traffic warden’s signal to halt). In this article, we will focus on the norms that are created by means of drawings and can be termed “drawn norms” or “graphical norms.” Specifically, we will inquire into the phenomenon of graphical norms with particular regard to traffic signs and land-use plans, and we will discuss the philosophical and legal problems to which these phenomena give rise.
Folding of a peptide continuum: Semiotic approach to protein folding
Authors: Lacková Ľudmila
Published: February 2020

In this paper I attempt to study the notion of “folding of a semiotic continuum” in a direction of a possible application to the biological processes (the process of protein folding). More specifically, the process of obtaining protein structures (protein folding) is compared in this paper to the folding of a semiotic continuum. Consequently, peptide chain is presented as a continuous line potential to be formed (folded) in order to create functional units. The functional units are protein structures having certain function in the cell or organism (semiotic agents). Moreover, protein folding is analyzed in terms of tension between syntax and semantics.
HIV Prevention Research on Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Scoping Review of Systematic Reviews, 1988–2017
Authors: Higa Darrel H. , Crepaz Nicole , McDonald Christina M. , Adegbite-Johnson Adebukola , DeLuca Julia B. , Kamitani Emiko , Sipe Theresa Ann ,   the Prevention Research Synthesis (PRS) Project
Published: February 2020

In the United States, men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV. To identify research gaps and inform HIV prevention for MSM, we conducted a scoping review of systematic reviews using CDC's Prevention Research Synthesis database. Eligibility criteria comprised English-language systematic reviews focused on HIV prevention for MSM, published during 1988–2017, and included at least one U.S. primary study. We coded data type, subpopulations, topics, and key findings. To assess study quality, we used the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR). Among 129 relevant systematic reviews, study quality was high or moderate for 63%. Most common topics were sexual behavior and disease vulnerability. The most frequently mentioned MSM subgroups were HIV-positive, Black or African American, and young. Research gaps include Hispanic/Latino MSM, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), treatment as prevention, social determinants of health, health disparities, syndemics, and protective factors for sexual health.
DOĞAL MAYALARIN YAYGIN PATOJENLER ÜZERİNDEKİ İNHİBİTÖR ETKİLERİ
Authors: BÜYÜKSIRIT BEDİR Tuba , KULEAŞAN Hakan
Published: February 2020

Mayalar, bazı bakteri ve maya türleri üzerinde inhibitör etki göstermektedir. Bu mayaların, gıdalarda bozulma etmeni ve patojen mikroorganizmaların biyokontrolünde kullanılma olanakları araştırılmaktadır. Bu amaçla, mayaların elde edilebilmesi için çok sayıda doğal materyal ve fermente gıdadan izolasyon yapılmıştır. Ön taramalar sonucunda farklı 110 maya suşu izole edilerek saflaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen izolatların Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus ve Candida albicans üzerindeki inhibitör etkileri test edilmiştir. İzolatlardan 8 tanesi M. luteus, 2 tanesi E. coli ve 4 tanesi C. albicans üzerinde inhibitör etki göstermiştir. Bunlar üzerinde inhibitör etki gösteren suşlara Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli O157 ve O157:H7, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella enterica subsp. Typhimurium üzerinde de inhibisyon testleri uygulanmıştır. İnhibitör etkinin farklı patojenler üzerinde farklı derecelerde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Patojenlere karşı en fazla katil özellik gösteren izolatlar tanımlanmış ve bu izolatların Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Metschnikowia reukaufii ve Saccharomyces cerevisiae oldukları belirlenmiştir.
GELENEKSEL ANJELİKA REÇELİNİN TOPLAM ANTİOKSİDAN KAPASİTE, TOPLAM FENOLİK MADDE VE IN VITRO SİNDİRİM MODELİ İLE BİYOERİŞİLEBİLİRLİĞİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: KOÇ ALİBAŞOĞLU Elif , YOLCI ÖMEROĞLU Perihan
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Bursa’ya ait unutulmaya yüz tutmuş geleneksel bir gıda olan Anjelika reçelinin biyoaktif bileşenlerini ortaya koyarak fonksiyonel özelliklerini değerlendirmektir. Bu bağlamda, farklı özütleme yöntemlerinin toplam antioksidan kapasite, toplam fenolik madde ve toplam flavonoit madde miktarlarına olan etkisi ve in vitro sindirim modeli ile bu biyoaktif bileşenlerin biyoerişilebilirliği de incelenmiştir. Geleneksel yöntemine göre üretilen Anjelika reçeli %0.1 formik asit içeren %75 metanol, %0.5 asetik asit içeren %70 aseton ve %70 etanol ile özütlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre biyoaktif bileşen miktarları özütleme yöntemlerine göre farklılık göstermiştir. Reçelin toplam antioksidan kapasitesi en fazla metanolik bazlı özütünden, DPPH, CUPRAC ve ABTS yöntemleriyle sırasıyla 21.77±3.38 mg troloks eşdeğeri (TE)/100 g kuru madde (KM), 69.97 ± 10.85 mg TE/100g KM ve 111.97 ± 9.17 mg TE/100g KM olarak elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, fenolik ve flavonoit madde miktarı en fazla aseton bazlı özütten sırasıyla 12.10±0.55 mg gallik asit eşdeğeri/100 g KM ve 10.48±0.63 mg rutin eşdeğeri/100 g KM olarak elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, reçellerin bağırsakta sindirimi neticesinde elde edilen toplam fenol miktarı ve toplam antioksidan miktarlarında (DPPH metoduyla) artış gözlenmiştir.
Influence of mix properties of concrete slabs on the performance of airport pavements
Authors: Park Hae-Won , Kim Dong-Hyuk , Lee Jong-Hoon , Yum Woo-Sung , Jeong Jin-Hoon
Published: February 2020

Improved criteria for the material properties and mix proportions of concrete slabs to enhance the performance of concrete pavements at Incheon international airport (IA) in the Republic of Korea are suggested. Gimpo IA and Gimhae IA were selected for comparison with Incheon IA based on their facility status and annual flight processing capability. After Incheon IA, Gimpo IA and Gimhae IA have the second and third largest annual numbers of flights per unit area of runway, respectively. Criteria for aggregate and mix proportions were chosen for improvement because of durability cracks (the major form of pavement distress at Incheon IA) due to the poor quality of aggregates used and repeated freeze–thaw cycles. Compared with the other airports, the mix specifications of the concrete slab at Incheon IA showed lower contents of cement and liquid admixture, a higher abrasion rate of coarse aggregate and a larger content of fines in the aggregate. Improved criteria were established based on a comparison of results. Concrete specimens were fabricated using the improved criteria and the performance of the concrete pavement was evaluated by testing the air content and freeze–thaw resistance of 12 mixes with different contents of cement, liquid admixture and fines in the aggregate.
Digital Information Platforms as an Object of Normative Legal Regulation in the Sphere of Criminal Proceedings
Authors: Grigoryev Viсtor , Sukhodolov Alexander , Ovanesyan Sergey , Spasennikova Marina , Tyunkov Vladislav
Published: February 2020

While noting the general trend for the regulation of digital relations in the sphere of criminal court proceedings, the authors draw attention to the absence of a common approach to this work, or of a universal understanding of criminal procedure norms regarding digital relations, as well as to the drawbacks in preparing new norms that regulate digital relations. Problems connected with the regulation of electronic processes are not specific for Russia only. Laws of some countries do not recognize evidence obtained electronically, and view it as secondary. The results of implementing the road map of digital economy and the approaches to the definition and typification of digital platforms are the basis for laying the foundations of the criminal proceedings’ digitization in Russia. Large-scale growth of innovations for the platforms and an increasing complexity of their architecture enable the solution of a new research task — the spread of digital platforms to various sectors, in this case, to the sphere of criminal proceedings. The authors use the definition of a digital platform approved by the Russian Governmental Commission on Digital Development to formulate their own definition of a digital information platform as an object of normative legal regulation in the sphere of criminal proceedings and prove that it should belong to sectoral digital platforms. The value of the transition to the normative legal regulation of digital information systems in the sphere of court proceedings lies in the reduction of costs and the elimination of the subjective factor by using a package of digital technologies of data processing and changing the system of the division of labor while reaching the purpose of criminal justice. The authors also stress the inappropriateness of simplification and primitivism, when a criminal procedure system is mechanically viewed as a system of distributed registers (blockchain), or when digitization is used as an excuse for suggesting the abolishment of investigative departments as parasites in the digital reality where crime investigation and solution become a job for ordinary internet users.
The iconic Hector Pieterson photo and the power of adaptations
Authors: Mengel Ewald
Published: February 2020

In South Africa, the iconic Hector Pieterson photo is the starting point for many artists to deal with their own personal trauma and the communal trauma of their nation. The iconicity of this photo has sparked many different adaptations in various fields of art. Considering that we are talking about a traumatized country, Freud’s concept of “repetition compulsion” seems to be one explanation for this phenomenon. However, art is only seldom a mere product of traumatization. Quayson’s concept of “symbolization compulsions” comes closer to explaining the phenomenon of repetition in the arts, because it leaves the artists more freedom of expression and does not suggest that art is the result of illness, while still implying ‘compulsion’ and ‘obsession’ in the act of creation. I want to suggest that ‘repetition’ in the arts in the South African context is not so much a sign of confinement and restriction, but that the many adaptations of the unique historical incident should rather be understood as attempts of ‘working through’ collective trauma, making sense of history, and contributing to the country’s healing.
Evaluation of disease duration and effect of diabetes mellitus on renal parenchymal diffusion MRI signals in patients with chronic renal failure
Authors: AYDIN Hüseyin , ŞALKACI Abdulkerim , KARAIBRAHIMOGLU Adnan
Published: February 2020

Objective: It is known that in chronic renal failure (CRF), diffusion weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ADC values of the renal parenchyma are reduced. However, the effect of CRF disease duration on renal ADC values is unknown. In this study, the effect of CRF disease duration and accompanying DM on renal parenchymal ADC values was investigated. In this study, abdominal MR examinations of 39 patients with 39 BMD and 30 DM patients whose eGFR was normal.
Material and Method: In this study, abdominal MR examinations of 39 CRF and 30 DM patients (eGFR within normal limits) and 59 control subjects were evaluated retrospectively. CRF patients were divided into three groups according to disease duration (<5, 5> 10 < and >10) and were staged as 1-5 according to the eGFR results. ADC measurements were made by two different methods, including a focal small area and the entire parenchyma. The findings were evaluated by statistical analysis according to the duration of CRF, presence of DM, insulin use and dialysis status.
Results: ADC values were significantly lower in CRF patients compared to the control group since stage 2 (p <0.05), while there was no significant difference between the control group and stage 1 CRF. ADC values were quite low in dialysis patients (p <0.001). Disease duration, presence of diabetes and insulin use did not significantly contribute to ADC values (p> 0.05). While no significant difference was observed in the ADC measurement results with both methods in the patient groups (p> 0.05), ROI measurements containing the entire parenchyma in the healthy group were statistically significantly lower (p <0.05).
Conclusion: In CRF patients, the duration of CRF disease, the presence of DM and insulin use have no significant contribution to renal parenchymal ADC values.
Cameroon English Speech: Intelligibility to Some Chinese Speakers of English Living in Cameroon and Pedagogic Concerns
Authors: Ngwa Colvis Niba
Published: February 2020

In the recent past, there have been several calls from Cameroonian scholars for the variety of English spoken within the country to be taught in the Cameroonian classroom, arguing strongly that the acquisition and use of Standard British English (SBE) is far-fetched given the socio-pragmatic realities of the context within which the language is learnt (see, for instance, Atechi, 2006; Ngefac, 2010 & 2011). On the same token, there have been doubts whether Cameroon English (CamE) can be regarded as a variety in its own right (see Simo Bobda, 2002). This study set out to investigate the intelligibility of Cameroon English speech to educated Chinese speakers of English living in Cameroon and to examine what implications the findings can have on English Language teaching (ELT) in Cameroon.
Analytic Continuation for Solutions to the System of Trinomial Algebraic Equations
Authors: Antipova Irina A. , Kleshkova Ekaterina A. , Kulikov Vladimir R.
Published: February 2020

In the paper, we deal with the problem of getting analytic continuations for the monomial function associated with a solution to the reduced trinomial algebraic system. In particular, we develop the idea of applying the Mellin-Barnes integral representation of the monomial function for solving the extension problem and demonstrate how to achieve the same result following the fact that the solution to the universal trinomial system is polyhomogeneous. As a main result, we construct Puiseux expansions (centred at the origin) representing analytic continuations of the monomial function
Hypergeometric Series and the Mellin-Barnes Integrals for Zeros of a System of Laurent Polynomials
Authors: Kulikov Vladimir R.
Published: February 2020

In the article we present a criterion for convergence of the Mellin-Barnes integral for zeros of a system of Laurent polynomials. Also we give a hypergeometric series for these zeros
Ser mulher e ser feirante no território-lugar chamado feira
Authors: Quirino Rocha Patricia , Vargas Maria Augusta Mundim
Published: February 2020

RESUMO: O presente artigo tem por objetivo compreender as territorialidades das mulheres que “botam banca” na feira do município de Euclides da Cunha, sertão baiano. Para isso, construímos nossas referências pela fenomenologia de forma a observar as vivências, as práticas e os saberes das mulheres como feirantes, utilizando como instrumentos da pesquisa, diário de campo e entrevistas concomitante ao aprofundamento de um levantamento e revisão bibliográfica. Foi possível conhecer as trajetórias das feirantes e suas territorialidades, pelas quais identificamos similitudes e diferenças que caracterizam suas práticas. Dentre elas, destacamos os laços de sociabilidade que se desenvolvem com os demais feirantes e com os fregueses, reveladores de que as formas de ser e estar na feira vão além das relações de compra e venda.           

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Territorialidade. Práticas. Saberes. Gênero.
Arrastados por São Pedro para a festa popular da colônia z-29, Jaramataia – Alagoas
Authors: Gomes Hillary Ranny de Farias , Oliveira Matteus Freitas de , Silva Felipe Santos
Published: February 2020

Todos os anos, centenas de pessoas se reúnem no Povoado São Pedro, município de Jaramataia, em louvor a São Pedro, devido à sua hierofania. A festa religiosa, além de produzir uma espacialidade ímpar, supera essa perspectiva por integrar significado e significante na geração da territorialidade pesqueira entre o sagrado e o profano. Entre os dias 27 e 29 de junho, bandeirolas enfeitam ruas e barcos, que, como cosmolocalidades ou cosmo-objetos, compõem, enriquecem, diversificam e animam a temporalidade da festa. Durante esses dias, visitantes, moradores que fizeram a diáspora, se encontram ou se reencontram com os colonos e interagem com o território, bebendo da mística de se ser, se saber e se fazer pescadores, entrelaçados na dialética entre o sagrado e o profano. Não existe um dia sequer sem fé para quem rema e lança redes, e pudemos registrar essas nuances por meio de metodologias participativas e qualitativas, com destaque para a geoetnografia. Vimos também que materialidades são reinventadas em cosmogonias próprias, que subsidiam a territorialidade ribeirinha. Assim, no cotidiano de cada pescador se revela a tríade fé, terra e água, cujo ápice é alcançado na festa que louva, clama e venera São Pedro, o dono das portas do céu, mandante de chuva e líder dos pescadores.
Metre of an antique song. Ecos clásicos en los Sonnets shakesperianos
Authors: Riesco Pedro
Published: February 2020

De entre la producción poética de William Shakespeare, toda ella empapada de regustos clásicos, los Sonetos representan la única obra en la que el poeta ‒o su trasunto‒ refleja de forma personal su propio yo y su sentimiento. En los Sonnets, al adoptar la forma lírica prestigiada, nuestro autor conecta de manera directa con la tradición que le precede, como él mismo reconoce, y disfraza las palabras antiguas con nuevos ropajes. El presente trabajo realiza una revisión de las aportaciones de los investigadores a la compleja cuestión acerca del alcance del saber clásico de William Shakespeare. Sobre esta base teórica, dirige su atención a los Sonetos para analizar la pervivencia de los motivos líricos grecolatinos relativos a tres áreas temáticas: el amor, el paso del Tiempo y la consecución de la inmortalidad mediante la poesía. En ellas se puede descubrir la recepción de Catulo, Horacio y, sobre todo, Ovidio, el poeta favorito de Shakespeare.
"Pa can vieyu nun hai cus-cus". Los refranes de "La Celestina" en asturiano
Authors: Ugarte Ballester Xus , Fontana i Tous Joan
Published: February 2020

En abril de 2018 la ovetense Editorial Laria publicó la primera versión de La Celestina en lengua asturiana, a cargo del prolífico trujamán Pablo Suárez García (Udrión, concejo de Trubia, 1973), autor de traducciones de clásicos como el Decamerón, Tirant lo Blanc, el Quijote o el Lazarillo de Tormes. El propósito de este artículo es doble: en primer lugar, ofrecer el elenco de los equivalentes paremiológicos asturianos a partir de los 444 refranes recopilados por José Gella Iturriaga (1977), que constituyen el corpus de paremias más extenso de La Celestina hasta el momento; y, por otra parte, presentar una visión panorámica de las diferentes estrategias traductológicas que surgen a la hora de afrontar la traducción de las paremias y de las unidades fraseológicas. Gracias a la contribución del traductor, Pablo Suárez García, hemos sido capaces de analizar con mayor precisión los entresijos de la reciente versión asturiana.
Cooperation between the Russian Animation Industry and Asian Partners
Authors: Krivulya Natalya
Published: February 2020

One of the main trends in the development of the Russian animation industry is the intensification of international cooperation and promotion on international media markets. Russian animators are developing different forms of international cooperation and co-production in the context of the economic crisis, financing problems, lack of second-tier personnel and production capacities, as well as national distribution problems. In the situation of a weakening relationship with European partners, there is an increase in cooperation with Asian companies.
The leading role is given to cooperation with China, due to the policies pursued by the two countries and close cultural interaction supported at the intergovernmental level. Russian companies are moving from outsourcing in film production to other forms of interaction, such as co-financing of projects and co-production. The essay analyzes the co-production experience of such leaders of the Russian animation industry as Riki, KinoAtis and Wizart Animation.
Co-production with foreign companies involves a number of problems caused by cultural, mental, legal and organizational differences. Still, it combines financial efforts and consolidates technical capabilities, raising the quality of films to the world level. Co-production also stimulates international distribution and reduces financial risks, opens up opportunities to conquer new markets and overcome the systems of quotes that exist in some countries. In the Russian animation industry, the number of co-produced films demonstrates a tendency to increase. The development of various forms of interaction between the Russian animation business and foreign partners and the presentation of coproduced films on international media markets contributes to the formation of Russias positive image and promotes its national interests, lifestyle and culture, affirming animations long-standing status of a soft power asset.
Pharmacognostic Standardization and Physicochemical Analysis of Clerodendrum Wallichii (Merr.) Leaves
Authors: Bora Kundan Singh , Medha Mahamedha
Published: February 2020

Background: Presently, the use of herbal medicines is expanding rapidly across the world. While considering source materials, authentication and standardization are prerequisites for herbal formulation in any system of medicine. The plant Clerodendrum Wallichii Merr. (Family: Lamiaceae) has been used for various ailments in traditional systems of medicines, particularly in the treatment of diarrhea, skin infection, inflammation and fever.
Objectives: The present study was designed to establish the pharmacognostic standards and perform the physicochemical analysis of C. wallichii leaves. Macroscopic and microscopic studies were performed using the simple and trinocular microscope, respectively.
Methods: The World Health Organization guidelines were followed for the physicochemical analysis of the plant. Fluorescence analysis was observed at daylight, short UV light, and long UV light. The leaves of C. wallichii were found dark green on the upper surface and light green in the lower surface which is odorless and bitter. The leaves are oblong to oblong-lanceolate with a smooth surface. The size of leaves varies from 11 to 18 cm in length and 2.5 to 4 cm in diameter.
Results: Powdered microscopy showed the various characters like rare multicellular covering trichome, xylem vessels (reticulate), fiber, trichome base, stellate trichome, adaxial epidermal cell (rectangular), abaxial epidermal cell (irregular), vessels, stomata (anisocytic), calcium oxalate crystals (square and cubic). Physicochemical parameters like moisture content of dry powder of the plant was determined 9.3% W/W. The total ash, acid-insoluble, and water-soluble ash values were calculated as 10.48%, 1.08%, and 8.17%, respectively. The loss on drying was calculated as 9.3% W/W.
Conclusion: Extractive values by cold and hot maceration method were also determined. Our obtained data help to authenticate the plant and establish its pharmacopoeial standards.
Percepción y Conocimiento Sobre Cuidados Paliativos de Pacientes y Cuidadores en Medellin
Authors: Garcés-Weldert David , Calle Maria Camila , Lemos Mariantonia
Published: February 2020

Los cuidados paliativos (CP) mejoran la calidad de vida de pacientes y familias que se enfrentan a problemas asociados con enfermedades amenazantes para la vida, mediante la prevención y alivio del sufrimiento. Sin embargo diversos estudios muestran bajo conocimiento y percepciones contradictorias frente a los efectos de éstos cuidados. Esta investigación indagó sobre la percepción y el nivel de conocimiento sobre los CP de pacientes y cuidadores en la ciudad de Medellín mediante una metodología mixta con 19 personas (63.2% cuidadores). No se encontraron diferencias respecto a los conocimientos y percepciones entre ambos grupos (p > 0.05). Se encontró un nivel de conocimientos general aceptable, exceptuando el conocimiento referente a los síntomas que desde los CP se abarcan y los profesionales encargados de brindar estos cuidados. Así mismo se encontró que, según la percepción que tuvieron cuidadores y pacientes, los CP mejoran la calidad de vida, ayudan a resignificar la muerte y disminuyen la carga asociada a la enfermedad.
Futuribles en la universidad pública venezolana 2030. Una aproximación prospectiva
Authors: Carvajal Beatric Carolina
Published: February 2020

En este artículo se presenta los resultados de una investigación previa, cuyo propósito fue: la realización de un diagnóstico de la situación actual de la universidad pública venezolana utilizando como herramientas metodológicas el diagnostico dinámico y el análisis estructural, con el fin elaborar conjeturas de anticipación para la acción, atendiendo la relación universidad-prospectiva. Se partió de la premisa de que la universidad pública venezolana (UPV), como institución sujeta a un contexto histórico social, está llamada a cambiar y ajustar su quehacer, ante un entorno movido por incertidumbres cada vez más agudas, las cuales pueden estudiarse mediante enfoques que integren parámetros cualitativos y que consideren los riesgos de rupturas y cambios profundos que se expresan en el ámbito político, social y tecnológico. Se utiliza el método hermenéutico como forma de aproximación a la realidad universitaria y de interpretación de los significados de la información recolectada por medio de la investigación documental y a los hallazgos obtenidos con el diagnostico dinámico. Con la información recabada se construyeron las conjeturas o futuribles para el año 2030. Y se destaca como conclusión: que las UPV tienen la posibilidad de lograr un futuro deseado y plausible, aun cuando no se puede desestimar la ocurrencia de un futurible catastrófico, de allí que sea necesario el compromiso de todos los actores sociales en las UPV para lograr la revisión de su estructura y de su misión de formadora de profesionales, difusora de conocimiento, y de líder en el desarrollo humanístico, científico y tecnológico de la nación.
And everything emptying into white. Entrevista y biografía en Nací para ser breve
Authors: Fontana Patricio
Published: February 2020

En este artículo, se propone una lectura de Nací para ser breve, de Gabriela Massuh, como un texto que forma parte de lo que Roland Barthes llamó “nebulosa biográfica”, es decir, un texto que sin ser cabalmente una biografía o una autobiografía trabaja con este tipo de materiales: con la escritura de vidas reales. Al respecto, se plantea que la entrevista –el libro, en su parte central, es una larga entrevista que Massuh le realizó a María Elena Walsh en 1981, mientras esta se recuperaba de un cáncer– es un modo posible de contar una vida. Al respecto, en el trabajo se hace hincapié en el problema de la autoría a propósito de un libro como este. Además, se inquiere por el lugar que el silencio y la muerte ocupan en la posibilidad de existencia de este libro. En este sentido, esta indagación se acentúa en relación con las denominadas “últimas entrevistas” y con las deathbed scenes. Finalmente, a propósito del problema de la transcripción de la entrevista, se postulan algunas hipótesis sobre el problema de la voz –entendida como sonido, como phoné– en la escritura biográfica.
MENGUNGKAP ANALISIS DAN EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN TENTANG PENDIDIKAN AGAMA DAN KEAGAMAAN
Authors: Prasetiya Benny
Published: February 2020

The implementation of PP No. 55/2007 is part of government intervention in religious and religious education. every policy stipulated in its implementation certainly raises constructive criticism. Criticism that arises starts from the aspects of laws and regulations, the implementation process and the impact of a policy in the set of approaches used in this research policy research that focuses on researching policy formulation. The content analysis technique in this research is to compare the contents/formulation of PP RI No. 55 of 2007 concerning Islamic religious education with public policy theory. The researcher selects the data source that has relevance to this policy study and concludes the data for conclusions. The results of the research found were the formulation of PP RI No. 55 of 2007 related to public policy objectives that are regulative, deregulation, dynamic or stabilizing. Regulatory aspects provide restrictions and regulate the implementation of Islamic religious education. The deregulation aspect has the purpose of liberating in terms of providing education. The aspects of dynamism as the driving force for national education goals. The purpose of stabilization is intended to make adjustments to the rules so that Islamic educational institutions follow the National Education Standards.
Penentuan Usia Panen Terhadap Karakteristik Eucheuma Cottonii dari Perairan Pulau Pari Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Novianty Hilda
Published: February 2020

Eucheuma cottonii adalah salah satu jenis makro alga merah yang memiliki sifat fungsional yang bermanfaat bagi kehidupan manusia seperti pembentuk gel, penstabil, pensuspensi, pembentuk tekstur emulsi yang dapat diaplikasikan dalam industri pangan dan non pangan, oleh sebab itu budidaya jenis makro alga ini sedang dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah dan menjadi salah satu produk unggulan non perikanan. Dalam budidaya makro alga, penentuan umur panen merupakan hal kritis yang dapat mempengaruhi mutu akhir produk. Kriteria penentuan mutu pada produk hasil budidaya Eucheuma dapat diketahui dari sifat fisiknya, salah satunya kekuatan gel yang dapat memunculkan sifat fungsional pembentuk gel pada produk pangan/non pangan. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan  untuk menentukan umur panen yang tepat terhadap kekuatan gel Eucheuma. Metode yang digunakan adalah non eksperimental deskriptif. Sample merupakan hasil budidaya dengan metode lone line dengan umur panen yang berbeda (35, 45 dan 55 hari panen) yang diujikan terhadap kekuatan gel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umur panen 35 hari memiliki nilai kekuatan gel terbesar yakni 430 g/cm2 dan kandungan fenol sebesar 77,96 mg/1000g.
Development of Two-Sensation Feedback Device for Myoelectric Prosthetic Hand Users – Compensation of Effect of Temperature Change on Haptic Feedback –
Authors: Isobe Makuru , Ishii Chiharu ,   Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Hosei University 3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hosei University 3-7-2 Kajino-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8584, Japan
Published: February 2020

In this study, a feedback device of force and temperature sensations for myoelectric prosthetic hand users was developed. When a prosthetic hand user grasps an object using the myoelectric prosthetic hand, the stiffness and temperature of the object are measured using sensors attached to the prosthetic hand, and force and temperature sensations are fed back to the upper arm of the user. From the experimental evaluation of the feedback device, the influence of temperature change on force sensations was confirmed. Therefore, to feed back the same force sensation to the user even if a temperature change has occurred, compensation functions were derived using the maximum likelihood method. On the basis of paired comparison, verification experiments were conducted, which demonstrated the effectiveness of the derived compensation functions.
Development of Assist Suit for Squat Lifting Support Considering Gait and Quantitative Evaluation by Three-Dimensional Motion Analysis
Authors: Kashima Masashi , Arakawa Hirokazu , Kimura Seigo , Nishihama Rie , Yokoyama Kazuya , Kikutani Isao , Nakamura Taro ,   Department of Precision Mechanics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan,   Nabtesco Corporation 2-7-9 Hirakawacho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0093, Japan
Published: February 2020

Globally, lower back pain is a serious problem. For workers, it not only causes health problems but also has social and economic influences. Lower back pain could be attributed to burden on people’s waists when they handle heavy objects. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in Japan recommends squat lifting, a method of lifting objects with a smaller burden on waist. On the other hand, squat lifting is not commonly used because it requires deep bending of knees to lift an object, leading to a larger work load. Therefore, a leaf-spring type power assist suit for legs has been developed in order to assist squat lifting. However, if the fixing performance of a preceding machine was enhanced, a leaf spring could impede the bending of knee joints during gait motion. In the present study, we developed a power assist suit for legs using a slide mechanism. A leaf spring was chosen so as to meet a target assist torque determined by a motion analysis for lifting objects. In addition, we made a prototype machine with slide mechanism. EMG measurement of the thigh muscle during lifting actions using the prototype machine showed a decrease of up to 46%. It was also confirmed that a machine with slide mechanism could realize a more natural gait than a machine without it.
Effect of the Gas-lift on the Gas Factor and on Ultimate Production
Authors: Bennett E.O.
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 77, 1927, pages158–172.

When oil is taken from a subsurface structure it is generally accompanied bygas. The gas thus produced represents the lighter hydrocarbons present in theoriginal petroleum accumulation, which are insoluble at the reduced pressurescreated around a well when it is producing. In some cases the gas accompanyingthe oil may come from a gas-bearing stratum not in immediate contact with theoil. The amount of gas from the formation accompanying each barrel of oil iscalled the natural gas factor.

Energy Causing Well To Flow

The force causing the flow of fluid into a well when it is drilled into anoil-bearing structure is the pressure differential between the well bore andthe formation. A pressure differential between the formation and the well maybe set up in three different ways, as follows:pressure due to gas insolution or in contact with the oil,hydrostatic pressure due to water incontact with the oil (it may be either bottom or edge water);pressuredifference due to force of gravity.

The greatest source of energy for producing oil from most oil fields, andthe one over which the greatest control can be exerted, is the potential energyin the gas under pressure in the formation. In any pool there is but a definiteamount of gas available. Part of this gas may be in solution and a part incontact with oil. The amount of gas in solution in each barrel of oil dependson the pressure and temperature in the formation and the characteristics of theoil. Whether the gas is in solution or in contact with the oil it is necessaryto use the energy it contains as efficiently as possible in order to obtain thegreatest ultimate recovery from the pool. Bush states:

Gas being the most efficient aid in moving the oil, it is important toprevent more of it from escaping than is necessary to remove the maximum amountof oil from the sands. The conservation of this energy is far more important tothe producer of oil than his returns from sales of gas to distributingcompanies.