bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Clinical Study of Labour and Outcome in Hundred Cases of Primigravida in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
Authors: Fatema Kaniz , Ghani Tabassum , Paul Subinoy Krishna , Noorjahan - , Begum Afrina , Hussain Taufiqua
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Primigravida is one, who is pregnant for the first time. A successful well managed vaginal delivery first time around usually leads to subsequent deliveries being relatively uneventful. Conversely, a poorly managed first labour can add to subsequent obstetric problems. Therefore, utmost care and expertise is a predominant factor for a successful delivery.

Aims and objectives: Objectives of this study is to enhance the rate of safer delivery for primigravida through monitoring progress of labour, mode of delivery and fetomaternal outcome.

Methodology: This prospective study was carried out at labour ward in the Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology of Dhaka Medical College & Hospital from January, 2007 to June 2007. Hundred cases of primigravida were selected for this study. Data had been collected through questionnaires.

Results : Largest number of patients (50%) had age group 20-24 years and likely to have normal vaginal delivery. Sixty percent patients had regular antenatal check up. Risk factors like PIH, Breech presentation, Face presentation, Rh negative, Jaundice and Pyrexia were found in 23% cases.About 96% fetuses presented by vertex, among them 52% had non engaged head. Sixty patients came with cervix at or less 3 cm dilated and 40 patients were at cervical dilatation 4 cm or more. Progress of labour was monitored by modified WHO partograph. Sixty two percent patient delivered vaginally, among them 3% patients need instrumental delivery. Thirty eight patients pregnancy were terminated by caesarean section. Ninety nine percent babies were live birth and 1% was still birth.

Conclusion :Safest age group for delivery of primigravida in this study between 20-24 years. So, women should be encouraged to have their 1st child at this age. People should be made aware of the benefits of proper antenatal check up and choosing safest place for delivery.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.1, April, 2018, Page 9-13
Factors Affecting the Success Rate of Renal Stone Treatment by Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
Authors: Haque Abul Hasanat Muhammad Afzalul , Islam Md Waliul , Kallol Humayun Kabir , Babul Md Shaful Alam , Rahman Muhammad Habibur , Chowdhury Shafiqul Alam
Published: March 2020

ESWL is one of the treatment modalities for kidney stones smaller than 2 cm. However, not all ESWL treatments are successful. The success rate has been reported to be between 50% to 87%, depending on various factors.

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate Factors affecting the success rate of renal stone treatment by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL).

Materials and methods: The study was carried out for a period of one year where total 96 patients with single or multiple radio-opaque renal stones treated with ESWL monotherapy using Stortz Modulith SLX-F2 lithotriptor were included. The results of treatment were evaluated after 3 months of follow-up. Treatment success was defined as complete clearance of the stones or presence of clinically insignificant residual fragments (<4mm). The results of treatment were correlated with the patient characteristics (age, sex, body mass index) and stone features (size, site, number & radio density).

Results: At 3-months follow-up, the overall success rate was 76%. Among them, repeated ESWL sessions were required in 19 patients (53.9%). Post-ESWL complications were recorded in 8 patients (12.5%). Four factors had statistically significant impact on the success rate, namely stone site, size (the largest diameter of the stone), stone number, BMI (body mass index) of the patient. The success rate is highest for stones located in the upper calyx (26/26; 100%) and lowest for those located in lower calyx (15/20; 75%) (p=0.019). Stone with a largest diameter of <15mm are associated with a success rate of 93.6% (59/63), compared to 75.82% (25/33) for those with a diameter of >15mm (p=0.01). The success rate is also higher for single stone (76/ 84; 90.5%) than multiple stones (8/12; 66.7%) (p=0.02). Patients with lower BMI (<24) have a better success than higher BMI (>25) (p=0.001).Other factor including age, sex and stone radio density compared to ipsilateral 12th rib have no significant impact on the success rate.

Conclusion: The success rate for ESWL for the treatment of renal stones can be predicted by stone size, location, number, and patient BMI.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.1, April, 2018, Page 72-78
Management of Complex Fistula in Ana with Fistulotomy and Stage Procedure
Authors: Masum MNH , Yazdani A , Masum M , Biswas MS , Bhuiyan MA , Saha Haridas
Published: March 2020

Background: Complex fistula in ano is a troublesome disease and is difficult to treat. Complex fistula in ano occurs in various forms like multiple external and/or internal openings, internal opening above the dentate line, external opening far away from anal verge, anterior tract etc. They are almost invariably recurrent and frequently associated with other systemic diseases like tuberculosis, inflammatory bowel disease, malignancy etc.A complex fistula in ano has various modalities of treatments like application of setons, fistulotomy or fistulectomy, endorectal advancement flap, anocutaneous advancement flap, fistula plug, fibrin glue, electrocauterization of tract/laser and ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT).

Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the outcome of complex fistula in ano by fistulotomy and staged procedure.

Methods: The study was held in Dhaka medical college Hospital and various private hospitals located in Dhaka and Brahmonbaria within duration of 8 years (from January, 2011 to January, 2018). Among 256 patients (221 male, 35 female) with median age 48 years (30 to 72 years) with the diagnosis of complex fistula in ano, 135 underwent fistulotomy with application of Seton with stage procedure. 121 patients underwent single stage fistulotomy. 158 patients had history of previous operations. After stage procedure, regular follow up was done every week until wound healing occurred.

Result: Among 256 patients 121 patients (47%) underwent single stage, 133 (52%) patients underwent two stage and 2 patients underwent three stage procedure during the trial period. Majority of the patients had minor incontinence; that is flatus and/or loose stool incontinence. But they only persisted for an average of 10 to 16 days and subsided spontaneously. None of the patient had any major (solid stool) incontinence. 4 patients (2%) had recurrence of fistula on an average of 3-6 months after complete healing. Recurrence occurred in the form of abscess, automatically burst internally, recurrent fistula.2 patients developed bleeding after single stage procedure and was managed by cauterization.

Conclusion: With adequate postoperative care and regular follow up, application of Seton with ‘staged procedure’ in cases of complex fistula in ano is very effective and has very minimal complications. Chance of major incontinence and recurrence is also less.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.1, April, 2018, Page 83-87
Ureteric Endometriosis: a 39 Years Old Lady Presented with Cyclical Lower Abdominal Pain
Authors: Hasan Md Naheed , Akter Mithila , Islam Md Nazrul , Chowdhury Md Nizamuddin , Anowar Tanim , Ahmed Parvez Iftekhar
Published: March 2020

Abstract not available

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.1, April, 2018, Page 98-101
Clinical Pattern of Intra-cranial space occupying lesion in Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Datta Ponkaj Kanti , Sutradhar Satya Ranjan , Khan Md Nur A alam , Hossain Mohammad Zaid , Sumon Sultan Mahamud , Hasan Imrul , Datta Raj , Anwar ASM Tanim , Islam Rezaul , Elahi Md Monjur E
Published: March 2020

Background : The term “Intra-cranial space occupying lesion” (ICSOL) is defined as any neoplasm, benign or malignant, primary or secondary, as well as any inflammatory or parasitic mass lying within the cranial cavity. Advances in intracranial imaging have made the detection of intracranial lesions relatively accurate and enabling us to focus on the etiology of these space-occupying lesions. Many reports suggested that both incidence and pattern of intracranial space occupying lesions are subject to considerable geographic and racial variations. Knowledge of the regional peculiarities of these lesions will help in identifications of possible risk factors.

Materials and Methods: This observational study was done in the department of medicine of Mymensingh medical college hospital, Bangladesh from November, 2011 to April, 2012 to evaluate the clinical pattern of ICSOL among the 75 adult admitted patients. Patient aged more than 15 years of either sex with symptoms and signs of ICSOL and at least one CT or MRI evidence in favour of diagnosis were included.

Results: The highest participation (22.7%) was observed from 55-64 years age group. Mean age of the participants was 54.35±18.68 years. Neoplastic tumor was (25.8%) in 15-24 years age group and non neoplastic lesion was (31.8%) in 55-64 years age group, among participants (76.0%) came from rural areas and 24% from urban. Population regarding the occupation 30.7% were housewives, 21.3% were service holders and 20.0% are farmers. Headache was the most common symptom noted in 93.33% of patients. Nausea/ vomiting, difficulty in limb movement and imbalance were the other most common three symptoms. In this series intracerebral hemorrhage was found in 53.3% of patients, Astrocytoma was the second most common (20.0%). Meningioma was found in 8% of the participants and another 8% had metastatic lesions in their brain. There were two cases of schwanoma while tuberculoma was diagnosed in another two participants (2.7%).

Conclusion: Patients with symptoms and signs of ICSOL should be dealt with great care and CT or MRI helps to evaluate them for early diagnosis and proper management.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.1, April, 2019, Page 17-22
Incision and drainage of perianal abscess with primary fistulotomy in case of co-existing low variety fistula
Authors: Masum Mohammad Nazmul Hoque , Yazdani Asif , Biswas Md Shahnawas , Masum Mohammad , Bhuiyan Masfique Ahmed , Hossain Md Nabir , Rahman Md Atiar
Published: March 2020

Background: Perianal abscess is a clinical condition frequently encountered by surgeons. Perianal abscess originates from an infection arising in the cryptoglandular epithelium lining the anal canal. Occasionally; bacteria, fecal material or foreign matter can clog an anal gland and tunnel into the tissue around the anus or rectum, where it may then collect in a cavity called an abscess. About half of perianal abscess may manifest as fistula-in-ano which increases the risk of abscess recurrence requiring repeated drainage. Treating the fistula at the same time of incision and drainage of abscess reduce chances of recurrent abscess development and therefore likelihood of repeat surgery. Primary fistulotomy in case of low variety fistula may be advantageous for perianal abscess because fistulas are more commonly traceable and can be laid open with full preservation of external anal sphincters.

Methods: 216 consecutive patients (91.6% males, 8.33% females); mean age, 39 (range 18-70 years) from July, 2015 to January, 2019 with perianal abscesses were treated by incision and drainage and primary fistulotomy. 38 patients had comorbidities as diabetes mellitus, obesity (BMI>26), tuberculosis. Patients were followed up clinically for 2 months. Digital rectal examination performed to assess anal tone before, one week and one month after surgery.

Results: Operative time was on average 17 minutes (15-20 minutes). Average hospital stay was 1 day and complete healing time ranged from 30-60 days. Persistent fistulas developed in four patients after surgery (1.85%). Bleeding occurred in 2 patients (1%). Many patients had transient minor incontinence in the form of flatus and loose stool incontinence but eventually resolved after two weeks. No major incontinence was found. Patient’s satisfaction of the treatment maneuver in relation to abscess recurrence and fistula occurrence was 95%. All patients remained fully continent. Operative time, hospital stay, and time for complete wound healing were the same in both groups.

Conclusion: Primary fistulotomy for co-existing low variety fistula at the time of drainage of perianal abscess results in very few persistent fistulas and no added risk of fecal incontinence.

J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.1, April, 2019, Page 85-89
COVID-19, Australia: Epidemiology Report 6: Reporting week ending 1900 AEDT 7 March 2020
Authors: Tsang Tracy ,   COVID-19 National Incident Room Surveillance Team
Published: March 2020

This is the sixth epidemiological report for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reported in Australia as at 19:00 Australian Eastern Daylight Time [AEDT] 7 March 2020. It includes data on COVID-19 cases diagnosed in Australia, the international situation and a review of current evidence.
Agricultura de Precisión: Preprocesamiento y Segmentación de Imágenes para Obtención de una Ruta de Navegación Autónoma Terrestre
Authors: Moreano Gabriel , Cajamarca Julio , Tenicota Alex
Published: March 2020

La agricultura de precisión busca aumentar la productividad de las actividades agrícolas a nivel mundial, en este marco de desarrollo la navegación autónoma es un pilar fundamental ya que la mayoría de actividades agrícolas implican desplazamientos extensos de personas o vehículos; la navegación autónoma terrestre sobre parcelas de cultivos tiene ciertas complicaciones como el deslizamiento de los vehículos sobre los terrenos lo que complica implementar sistemas de odometría, otra complicación es la dificultad de implementar marcas de navegación para usar sistemas de localización. Este trabajo presenta un sistema de visión por computador donde se pretende usar a las hileras de cultivo como marca de navegación para un vehículo agrícola,emulando el comportamiento de un robot seguidor de línea.Una cámara de resolución media toma 30 fotogramas por segundo para que posteriormente un algoritmo procese las imágenes eliminando problemas de perspectiva, luz ambiental y obstáculos en el cultivo para identificar eficientemente la hilera de cultivo que se encuentra precisamente debajo del vehículo. Obtenida la marca de navegación y realizando una aproximación de las dimensiones longitudinales de la realidad con las dimensiones longitudinales en pixeles de las imágenes,se puede obtener un estado estimado del vehículo respecto a la marca antes identificada.
Análisis de la ejecución presupuestaria en el Gobierno local Municipal del Cantón Simón Bolívar
Authors: Reinoso-Baquerizo Yngri , Pincay-Sancán David
Published: March 2020

La presente investigación aborda los procesos de ejecución presupuestaria dentro del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Simón Bolívar de la Provincia del Guayas, su objetivo principal es analizar el cumplimiento de la ejecución presupuestaria, en el marco del logro de metas orientadas hacia la gestión eficiente y eficaz del presupuesto. El estudio se realiza atendiendo al marco legal del Sistema Nacional de Finanzas Públicas del segundo libro del Código Orgánico de Finanzas Públicas; se sostiene también con normas del COOTAD y normativa de presupuesto y artículos científicos acordes al tema planteado, su metodología empírica parte de un estudio documental cualitativo, con una muestra de dos periodos económicos año 2017 y 2018, la factibilidad administrativa recae en la información recabada en la Dirección Financiera del municipio; dando como resultado principal que pese a las dificultades en la gestión de recaudación en los recursos propios de partidas en fuentes de financiamiento y de recursos fiscales tipo de ingreso corriente, este GAD ha reportado un logro aceptable de las metas para los dos semestres de los años estudiados. Pudendo mejorar la eficiencia y eficacia si se fortalecen estos mecanismos de contribución así como la planificación y programación presupuestaria
Enfoque basado en la teoría para la mejora administrativa: análisis del modelo y actividades en el desarrollo
Authors: Veintimilla-Rodas Jean , Gómez-Bonilla Marlon , Mora-Sánchez Norman
Published: March 2020

En la actualidad las organizaciones están en constante cambio y mejorando sus procesos, debido a los altos índices de competitividad que existen en el mercado los cuales les obliga a innovar para ser eficaces con sus productos o servicios. Para mejorar la administración se requiere que los procesos estén bien diseñados, es así que la gestión de procesos conjuntamente con la mejora continua permite a la organización diseñar lo que requiere el negocio, determinar debilidades y fortalezas, para mejorar las actividades y alcanzar los objetivos planteados por las empresas. En la investigación se utilizó el método cualitativo, el cual se obtuvo información de revistas científicas como Scopus, Redalyc y Scielo, que nos brindaron información para llevar a cabo la investigación sobre el enfoque basado en la teoría para la mejora administrativa. La información obtenida de las revistas antes mencionadas nos da una respuesta cómo mejorar los procesos administrativos y no solo esos si también los procesos que se encuentran inmersos en la organización, la mejora continua hoy en día es fundamental para las empresas porque se puede llevar un control estricto de los procesos y actividades que se desempeñan dentro de la organización así evitar ineficiencias de los recursos utilizados.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN REALISTIC MATHEMATICSEDUCATION (RME) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN REPRESENTASI MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Yusuf Cantika N , Hairun Yahya , Jalal Ariyanti
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini didasarkan pada kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang masih rendah.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan representasi matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Realistic MathematicsEducation pada materi menyelesaikan soal cerita Sistem Persamaan Linear DuaVariabel menggunakan metode grafik dan bagaimana peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran tersebut.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan desain penelitian OneGroup Pretest-Posttest Design.Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII B SMPNegeri 7 Kota Ternate. Instrumen yang digunakan: tes hasil belajar, lembar observasi kinerja guru, dan lembar observasi aktivitas siswa, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan representasi matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Realistic Matehmatics Education mengalami peningkatan yang berada pada interpretasi sedang.   Kata Kunci: Realistic Mathematics Education,Representasi MatematisMatematis
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS MATEMATIS SISWA PADA MATERI BILANGAN BULAT
Authors: Mannan Nursita Hi , Alhaddad Idrus , Hamid Ikram
Published: March 2020

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan dalammeningkatkan kreativitas matematis siswa pada materi operasi bilangan bulatpada siswa kelas VIIC SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Ternate melalui model problem based learning.Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan  teknik tes dalam bentuk soal uraian yang berjumlah  4 soal. Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan pedoman Tingkat Penguasan (TP) dan untuk mengatahui penigkatan hasil belajar siswa digunakan rumus N. Gain (𝑔). Pada tes siklus I, kemampuan siswa diperoleh 5 siswa (21,73%) interpretasi tinggi dan 18 siswa (78,26%) interpretasi rendah. Siswa yang tuntas belajar secara individu sebanyak 5 siswa Ketuntasan klasikal 21,73%, sedangkan 18 siswa tidak tuntas secara klasikal adalah 78,26%  diperoleh skor rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 61,39 atau dilihat dari rumus N. Gain (𝑔).   sama dengan 0,25. Hasil belajar siswa tes siklus I belum tuntas. Untuk hasil tes siklus II diperoleh sebanyak 12 siswa (52,17%) interpretasi tinggi, Sedangkan sebanyak 10 siswa (43,47%) interpretasi sedang, Rendah sebanyak 1 siswa (4,34%). Siswa yang tuntas belajar secara individu sebanyak 23 siswa, sedangkan ketuntasan belajar klasikal 100% diperoleh skor rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 87,43. Hasil belajar pada siklus II meningkat sebesar 0,67dari tes siklus I.  Kata Kunci :Problem Based Learning, Kreativitas Matematis, Operasi Bilangan Bulat.
Penerapan Model Discovery Learning untuk Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah pada Materi Lingkaran
Authors: Lutfi Dianti Aprila , Hamid Hasan , Alhaddad Idrus
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mengetahui bagaimana kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning pada materi lingkaran. 2) Mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning pada materi lingkaran. Penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain penelitian One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas VIII-I SMP Negeri 5 Kota Ternate. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel yaitu 21 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen tes berbentuk tes uraian. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif yaitu Pedoman Acuan Patokan berdasarkan kategori kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dan perhitungan N-Gain ternormalisasi serta statistik inferensial dengan menggunakan uji Paired Sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa siswa kelas VIII-I SMP Negeri 5 Kota Ternate setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran Discovery Learning diperoleh 14% kualifikasi baik sekali, 5% baik, 19% cukup, 38% kurang, dan kualifikasi gagal 24%. 2) Hasil perhitungan N-Gain ternormalisasi diperoleh nilai N-gain yaitu 0,51 yang berarti peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa berada pada interpretasi sedang. Berdasarkan hasil statistik inferensial menggunakan uji Paired Samples Test dengan bantuan program SPSS 23.0 for windows diperoleh nilai sig. 0,000 (sig. ˂ α = 0,05). Hal ini berarti terdapat peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning.
Ukraine – Vatican: Interstate and inter-church relations (1991–2005)
Authors: HORBACHEVSKYI Taras
Published: March 2020

The article examines the stages of the formation of diplomatic relations between Ukraine and the Vatican in the 1990s. The chronology of official meetings and visits of officials was followed, the causes of difficulties with delaying the opening of the Ukrainian Embassy in the Vatican were identified. The Vatican was interested in a close relationship with Ukraine, where the Catholic Church was granted equal rights alongside other denominations, which served as a basis and example for further in-depth dialogue with the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). The papal mission in Ukraine aimed to protect the status of the Catholic Church and to ensure religious freedom.

The Vatican's policy towards an independent Ukraine, its support in the state's aspirations for European integration are analyzed. The importance of the visit of Pope John Paul II and his dialogue in Ukrainian society for the development of inter-church cooperation, inter-confessional dialogue, Ukrainian-Polish reconciliation in matters of historical memory was established. The disconnection of inter-denominational disputes smoothed out the activities of the All-Ukrainian Council of Churches and Religious Organizations, whose work was judged to be attended by the Pope. In his speech to the audience of the All-Ukrainian Council of Churches and Religious Organizations, the Pope emphasized the multicultural space of Ukraine.

The framework of cooperation between Ukraine and the Vatican in humanitarian policy, social and educational programs is traced. Cooperation between the two countries has contributed to the growth of the moral authority of Ukraine, as a European state with Western European values. Countries seeking to join the European Union (among them Ukraine) paid great attention to the spiritual factors of European integration, attending various forums and meetings held by the Vatican.

Keywords
Ukraine, Vatican, Roman Catholic Church, diplomatic relations, ecumenism.
Elementary school teachers in the national movement. Polish-Ukrainian educational context in Galicia in the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century
Authors: VARANYTSIA Anna
Published: March 2020

The profession of a national teacher is considered in the context of the demands of the national movement against the background of aggravation of Polish-Ukrainian controversies in Galicia in the second half of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries. Paragraph 19 of the Basic Law on Citizens' Responsibilities and Rights provided for equal opportunities for the development of their own education and language for representatives of all nationalities of the Habsburg Monarchy. Due to the fact that the policy of decentralization of Franz Joseph I was implemented, first of all, under pressure from the Polish and Hungarian elites, the Poles in Galicia considered their own right to fill the intellectual and cultural space freed from Germanization. However, they were opposed by a numerical Russian element, calling for equality proclaimed at the state level. In this context, the issue of public schooling has become extremely acute, because primary school was the instrument that allowed spreading national consciousness among the general public. Particularly contradictions emerged after 1869, when the general school obligation was introduced. Changes in the perception of the role of the teacher are also associated with these transformations. As the lowest level of the intelligentsia, according to national discourse, the national teachers obliged the figures of the national movement to act as mediators between the wider social groups and the intellectual elite.

These responsibilities were often at odds with the teacher's educational function and forced him to seek a compromise between national and professional requirements. The choice of a teacher in favor of national responsibilities has often caused conflicts with the school administration and the provincial authorities. The practice of community-based translation also made it difficult for teachers to engage with local communities. The local school board used the transfer of especially active teachers in the national movement to ethnically other communities as a form of punishment for political activity within the school. This meant that the Ruthenian teachers often found themselves in an almost completely Polish environment, and the Poles - in Russian. Such translations adversely affected the quality of work, both because of linguistic problems and moral and psychological pressure. On the other hand, the moment of the teacher's personal values ​​was important. A large number of teachers viewed their profession through the lens of humanism, that is, service without exception to everyone, regardless of nationality. These teachers abandoned the demands of the national movement, provoking condemnation and accusations in the absence of national consciousness.

Keywords
Galicia, teacher, national movement, intellectuals.
Prerequisites and causes of destruction by the Nazis in 1944, Ghouta of Penyatska
Authors: CHOBIT Dmytro
Published: March 2020

During the last period of time many questions connected with destruction of Guta Penyatska achieved serious social interest, they aren’t widely investigated in many Ukrainian and Polish documents and papers. Except this, our historical science doesn’t include any basic and important scientific articles concerning this problem.

In the publication on the base of many materials and reminiscences of eye-witnesses are shown the main reasons of destruction of Guta Penyatska.

The author provides important facts, which vividly testify, that German-fascist unit set on fire that village, and killed a lot of people. The German occupational regime wanted to punish local underground organization for its cooperation with the Soviet guerillas and armed resistance. On the 23-rd of February 1944 German unit lost 4 (four) soldiers and 8 (eight) were badly wounded.

At that time there were 500 armed participants of Resistance movement and a lot of poles, who escaped from different German military formations. This fact assured Galician occupational administration (District Galicia), that Guta Penyatska was a shelter for the Soviet querillas, security forces and criminal elements, who performed some terrorist acts in Lviv, killing vice-governor of Galicia Otto Bauer. As a result of this, an occupational power organized so-called punitive action, which took place on the 28-th of February 1944.

Keywords
Guta Penyatska, German Army, Soviet partisans, Ukrainian insurgent army, division «Galychyna», punitive action.
Changes in the national composition and symbols of Zhovkva’s urban space as a result of the Second World War
Authors: PASTERNAK Vasylyna
Published: March 2020

Before the war, urban symbolic space of Zhovkva was divided between several national groups – Ukrainians, Poles and Jews, who created the culture and history of the city. The foundations for such cohabitation were laid during the construction of the city by the Field Crown Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski, and survived until the start of the war, as evidenced by the memories of its inhabitants. Therefore, the article explains how the ethnic composition of the city’s population has changed and its further influence on the symbolism of the urban space.

Subsequently of the dramatic events of the Second World War and the processes of resettlement of the population, two of the national groups disappeared from the urban space. The Jewish community was physically destroyed during the war, and the Poles were evicted from Zhovkva to Poland in 1944–1946. The destruction of the Jews meant the death of the whole subethnos with original culture and history. The resettlement of Poles from Zhovkva, from their homes, was extremely difficult psychologically, because they were saying goodbye to their hometown, where they lived for several generations, were deprived of their homes, property that belonged to the ancestors, they were allowed to take out only 2 tons of items social household consumption.

Soviet soldiers and functionaries, peasants from the surrounding villages, who got used to living together and rebuilding Zhovkva, became “new” city dwellers. The “new” residents of the city, in cooperation with the Soviet authorities, changed the symbolic space of the city, starting with the change of name from Zhovkva to Nesterov, in honor of the Russian pilot Peter Nesterov, who died near the city in 1914. The city was built on the socialist urban model, which destroyed the historical and architectural environment of Zhovkva, founded in the XVI century. Architectural sights that testified to the multinational of Zhovkvа were destroyed or completely changed their purpose. Polish churches and monasteries were turned into warehouses or barracks for soldiers, and icons, paintings, statues, religious things were destroyed or exported abroad.

Keywords
Zhovkva, Stanisław Żółkiewski, Jan ІІІ Sobieski, socio-demographic processes, Poles, Jews, interethnic relations, symbolic space.
Proteomic analysis of plasma proteins after low-level laser therapy in rats
Authors: Kilik R. , Bober P. , Ropovik I. , Beňačka R. , Genči J. , Nečas A. , Sabo J.
Published: March 2020

The laser radiation absorbed by cells induces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), followed by the development of oxidative stress. Proteins are major targets for ROS due to their abundance in biological systems. The aim of the present pilot study was to examine the effects of transcutaneous laser blood irradiation (TLBI), i.e., low-level laser therapy (LLLT) at 830 nm on plasma proteome in Wistar rats. Rats were irradiated in the heart area (i.e. coronary arteries) daily (i.e., for 9-day period), by commercially available GaAsAl diode laser (Maestro/CCM, Medicom Prague, Czech Republic, λ=830 nm, power density 450mW/cm2, daily dose 60,3 J/ cm(2), irradiation time 134 sec). The comparison of blood plasma proteome from irradiated and non-irradiated rats was performed utilizing 2D electrophoresis followed by MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. LLLT led to a quantitative change in the acute phase proteins with antioxidant protection i.e., haptoglobin (log2 fold change (FC)=3.5), hemopexin (log2 FC=0.5), fibrinogen gamma (log2 FC=1.4), alpha-1-antitrypsin (log2 FC=-2.2), fetuin A (log2 FC=-0.6) and fetuin B (log2 FC=-2.3). In comparison to conventional biochemical methods, the changes in protein levels in blood plasma induced by LLLT offer a deeper insight into the oxidative stress response.
Automatic substantia nigra segmentation in neuromelanin-sensitive MRI by deep neural network in patients with prodromal and manifest synucleinopathy
Authors: Krupička R. , Mareček S. , Malá C. , Lang M. , Klempíř O. , Duspivová T. , Široká R. , Jarošíková T. , Keller J. , Šonka K. , Růžička E. , Dušek P.
Published: March 2020

Neuromelanin (NM) is a black pigment located in the brain in substantia nigra pars compacta (SN) and locus coeruleus. Its loss is directly connected to the loss of nerve cells in this part of the brain, which plays a role in Parkinson’s Disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an ideal tool to monitor the amount of NM in the brain in vivo. The aim of the study was the development of tools and methodology for the quantification of NM in a special neuromelanin-sensitive MRI images. The first approach was done by creating regions of interest, corresponding to the anatomical position of SN based on an anatomical atlas and determining signal intensity threshold. By linking the anatomical and signal intensity information, we were able to segment the SN. As a second approach, the neural network U-Net was used for the segmentation of SN. Subsequently, the volume characterizing the amount of NM in the SN region was calculated. To verify the method and the assumptions, data available from various patient groups were correlated. The main benefit of this approach is the observer-independency of quantification and facilitation of the image processing process and subsequent quantification compared to the manual approach. It is ideal for automatic processing many image sets in one batch.
Stem cells and physical energies: can we really drive stem cell fate?
Authors: Cruciani S. , Garroni G. , Ventura C. , Danani A. , Nečas A. , Maioli M.
Published: March 2020

Adult stem cells are undifferentiated elements able to self-renew or differentiate to maintain tissue integrity. Within this context, stem cells are able to divide in a symmetric fashion, feature characterising all the somatic cells, or in an asymmetric way, which leads daughter cells to different fates. It is worth highlighting that cell polarity have a critical role in regulating stem cell asymmetric division and the proper control of cell division depends on different proteins involved in cell development, differentiation and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Moreover, the interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix are crucial in influencing cell behavior, included in terms of mechanical properties as cytoskeleton plasticity and remodelling, and membrane tension. Finally, the activation of specific transcriptional program and epigenetic modifications contributes to cell fate determination, through modulation of cellular signalling cascades. It is well known that physical and mechanical stimuli are able to influence biological systems, and in this context, the effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) have already shown a considerable role, even though there is a lack of knowledge and much remains to be done around this topic. In this review, we summarize the historical background of EMFs applications and the main molecular mechanism involved in cellular remodelling, with particular attention to cytoskeleton elasticity and cell polarity, required for driving stem cell behavior.
RETRACTED: Sirtuin1 Role in the Melatonin Protective Effects Against Obesity-Related Heart Injury
Authors: Favero Gaia , Franco Caterina , Stacchiotti Alessandra , Rodella Luigi Fabrizio , Rezzani Rita
Published: March 2020

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic disease that induces important structural and functional changes to the heart and predisposes a patient to devastating cardiac complications. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) has been found to have roles in regulating cardiac function, but whether it can help in cardioprotection is not clear. The aim of the present study was to determine whether melatonin, by modulating SIRT1 and in turn mitochondria signaling, may alleviate obesity-induced cardiac injuries. We investigated 10 lean control mice and 10 leptin-deficient obese mice (ob/ob) orally supplemented with melatonin for 8 weeks, as well as equal numbers of age-matched lean and ob/ob mice that did not receive melatonin. Hearts were evaluated using multiple parameters, including biometric values, morphology, SIRT1 activity and expression of markers of mitochondria biogenesis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. We observed that ob/ob mice experienced significant heart hypertrophy, infiltration by inflammatory cells, reduced SIRT1 activity, altered mitochondrial signaling and oxidative balance, and overexpression of inflammatory markers. Notably, melatonin supplementation in ob/ob mice reverted these obesogenic heart alterations. Melatonin prevented heart remodeling caused by obesity through SIRT1 activation, which, together with mitochondrial pathways, reduced oxidative stress and inflammation.
An Innovative System for Maize Cob and Wheat Chaff Harvesting: Simultaneous Grain and Residues Collection
Authors: Bergonzoli Simone , Suardi Alessandro , Rezaie Negar , Alfano Vincenzo , Pari Luigi
Published: March 2020

Maize and wheat are two of the most widespread crops worldwide because of their high yield and importance for food, chemical purposes and livestock feed. Some of the residues of these crops (i.e., maize cob and wheat chaff) remain in the field after grain harvesting. In Europe, just maize cob and grain chaff could provide an annual potential biomass of 9.6 Mt and 54.8 Mt, respectively. Collecting such a biomass could be of interest for bioenergy production and could increase farmers’ income. Progress in harvest technology plays a key role in turning untapped by-products into valuable feedstocks. This article presents a study of the performance and the quality of the work of Harcob, an innovative system developed for maize cob collection. Furthermore, the feasibility of using the Harcob system to also harvest wheat chaff during wheat harvesting was also verified. The results showed that it was possible to harvest 1.72 t ha−1 and 0.67 t ha−1 of cob and chaff, respectively, without affecting the harvesting performance of the combine. The profit achievable from harvesting the corn cob was around 4%, while no significant economic benefits were observed during the harvesting of wheat chaff with the Harcob system. The use of cereal by-products for energy purposes may allow the reduction of CO2 from fossil fuel between 0.7 to 2.2 t CO2 ha−1. The Harcob system resulted suitable to harvest such different and high potential crop by-products and may represent a solution for farmers investing in the bioenergy production chain.
Fleet Transition from Combustion to Electric Vehicles: A Case Study in a Portuguese Business Campus
Authors: Pinto Bruno , Barata Filipe , Soares Constantino , Viveiros Carla
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to contribute to the urgent reflection as a society about environmental protection, in the ultimate challenge that is the sustainable use of energy resources. Since Portugal is at an early stage of market development internally, governmental and local stimulation policies play a central role and are a key element in the successful diffusion of Electric Mobility. The study will focus on the transition of a company car fleet, which currently consists of combustion vehicles, to electric vehicles. With this change it becomes necessary to understand how the electrical installation will be affected due to the installation of charging stations, allowing the company to have some autonomy from the public grid. The various changes resulting from the installation consumption profile will be studied and compared. The state of the art, the level of maturity and where the development of electric mobility in Portugal is heading will also be appreciated.
Techno-Economic and Environmental Evaluations of Decarbonized Fossil-Intensive Industrial Processes by Reactive Absorption & Adsorption CO2 Capture Systems
Authors: Cormos Ana-Maria , Dragan Simion , Petrescu Letitia , Sandu Vlad , Cormos Calin-Cristian
Published: March 2020

Decarbonization of energy-intensive systems (e.g., heat and power generation, iron, and steel production, petrochemical processes, cement production, etc.) is an important task for the development of a low carbon economy. In this respect, carbon capture technologies will play an important role in the decarbonization of fossil-based industrial processes. The most significant techno-economic and environmental performance indicators of various fossil-based industrial applications decarbonized by two reactive gas-liquid (chemical scrubbing) and gas-solid CO2 capture systems are calculated, compared, and discussed in the present work. As decarbonization technologies, the gas-liquid chemical absorption and more innovative calcium looping systems were employed. The integrated assessment uses various elements, e.g., conceptual design of decarbonized plants, computer-aided tools for process design and integration, evaluation of main plant performance indexes based on industrial and simulation results, etc. The overall decarbonization rate for various assessed applications (e.g., power generation, steel, and cement production, chemicals) was set to 90% in line with the current state of the art in the field. Similar non-carbon capture plants are also assessed to quantify the various penalties imposed by decarbonization (e.g., increasing energy consumption, reducing efficiency, economic impact, etc.). The integrated evaluations exhibit that the integration of decarbonization technologies (especially chemical looping systems) into key energy-intensive industrial processes have significant advantages for cutting the carbon footprint (60–90% specific CO2 emission reduction), improving the energy conversion yields and reducing CO2 capture penalties.
Matching Characteristic Research of Building Renewable Energy System Based on Virtual Energy Storage of Air Conditioning Load
Authors: Wang Yongzhen , Hu Congchuan , Wu Boyuan , Zhang Jing , Zi Zhenning , Kang Ligai
Published: March 2020

Considering the huge power consumption, rapid response and the short-term heat reserving capacity of the air conditioning load in the building’s energy system, the air conditioning load and its system can be equivalent to the virtual energy storage device for the power grid. Therefore, to obtain a high matching building renewable energy system, a virtual energy storage system of the air conditioning load, accompanied by a storage battery, was built in the paper. Then, operating strategies for the virtual energy storage of the air conditioning load and storage battery were designed. Further, to quantize the contribution of the virtual energy storage to the improvement of matching characteristics, two indicators of the demand side and supply side in the energy system were adopted, including on-site energy fraction (OEFr) and on-site energy matching (OEMr). Lastly, matching characteristic research of the building’s renewable energy system based on virtual energy storage of the air conditioning load was established and analyzed by TRNSYS and MATLAB in Tianjin, China. The results revealed that a better matching characteristic performance of the building’s renewable energy systems driven by virtual energy storage was obtained. In the condition set out in the paper, compared with that without virtual energy storage, the average values of OEFr and OEMr after virtual energy storage were 0.66 and 0.77, which increased by 8.19% and 8.45% respectively. Simultaneously, the battery operation performance in the building renewable system was improved when the virtual energy storage was working. The times of charge and discharge cycles decreased after virtual energy storage, and the depth of discharge of the battery reduced by 23.37% on a specific day.
The Efficiency of Industrial and Laboratory Anaerobic Digesters of Organic Substrates: The Use of the Biochemical Methane Potential Correction Coefficient
Authors: Pilarski Krzysztof , Pilarska Agnieszka A. , Boniecki Piotr , Niedbała Gniewko , Durczak Karol , Witaszek Kamil , Mioduszewska Natalia , Kowalik Ireneusz
Published: March 2020

This study is an elaboration on the conference article written by the same authors, which presented the results of laboratory tests on the biogas efficiency of the following substrates: maize silage (MS), pig manure (PM), potato waste (PW), and sugar beet pulp (SB). This article presents methane yields from the same substrates, but also on a technical scale. Apart from that, it presents an original methodology of defining the Biochemical Methane Potential Correction Coefficient (BMPCC) based on the calculation of biomass conversion on an industrial scale and on a laboratory scale. The BMPCC was introduced as a tool to enable uncomplicated verification of the operation of a biogas plant to increase its efficiency and prevent undesirable losses. The estimated BMPCC values showed that the volume of methane produced in the laboratory was overestimated in comparison to the amount of methane obtained under technical conditions. There were differences observed for each substrate. They ranged from 4.7% to 17.19% for MS, from 1.14% to 23.58% for PM, from 9.5% to 13.69% for PW, and from 9.06% to 14.31% for SB. The BMPCC enables estimation of biomass under fermentation on an industrial scale, as compared with laboratory conditions.
Transient Natural Convection in a Thermally Insulated Annular Cylinder Exposed to a High Temperature from the Inner Radius
Authors: Mohamad Abdulmajeed , Taler Jan , Ocłon Paweł
Published: March 2020

Extensive numerical analysis was performed for the unsteady state, natural convection in the annular cylinders. The cylinder’s boundaries were thermally insulated, except the inner surface. The fluid (water) in the cylinder initially was assumed at a cold temperature while the inner surface was subjected to a high temperature. The time history for the heat transfer by diffusion and advection was studied. The time needed for fully charging the storage tank and rate of heat transfer was calculated. The predicted results were compared with the pure heat diffusion process and with a steady-state convection system. Therefore, CFD simulations were performed for natural convection in the storage tank. The main objective of this study was to establish correlations for the rate of heat transfer as a function of time and other controlling parameters. The correlation is needed in designing a thermal energy storage system for domestic and industrial heating processes. One of the drawbacks of the conventional thermal storage systems is the slow charging and discharging, where the heat transfer is mainly diffusion dominated. To overcome such a problem, a system was designed based on the natural convective heat transfer mechanism. Therefore, the heat transfer and fluid flow in a cylindrical storage tank were simulated for a range of Rayleigh numbers (104 to 108) and radius ratio. It was found that a convection-operated storage tank reduces the thermal charging process time drastically compared with the thermally diffusion charging process. The rate of reduction in the charging time mainly depends on the rate of heating and geometric parameter of the tank. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the work is novel.