bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A expansão da educação infantil nas políticas públicas e o direito à educação de qualidade
Authors: Mesquita Fabiana Jardim Paes Leme de , Gisi Maria Lourdes
Published: March 2021

With this article, the objective is to investigate the expansion of early childhood education with quality and to analyze the current scenario of this educational stage, bringing educational policies to the discussion. It is supported by bibliographic research on the theoretical arguments of Kuhlmann Júnior (1998, 2000), Rosemberg (2002, 2003), Campos (2002), Kramer (1995, 2006), among others, and the methodology of Ball & Bowe's (1992) policy cycle is used as methodology and Ball (1994) in the light of the studies by Mainardes (2006). The analyzes show that enrollment in early childhood education institutions increased and, although they did not reach the goal of universalizing preschool and the short limit, until the end of the PNE term (2014-2024), the issue of quality in early childhood education begins to appear as an important factor for the realization of the right to education and highlights a great challenge for educational policies.
Gambaran Panjang Femur terhadap Cedera Tungkai Atas pada Pemain Futsal
Authors: Febiolita Tambunan Magdalena Sri , Hartanto Hartanto , Hon Handy Winata
Published: March 2021

Futsal adalah jenis olahraga sepakbola populer dengan jumlah pemain yang meningkat di dunia. Tingginya insidensi cedera pada atlet futsal sering melibatkan ekstremitas bawah terutama pada bagian tungkai atas. Beberapa faktor berhubungan dengan kejadian cedera pemain futsal, salah satunya karakteristik anatomis. Literature review ini bertujuan untuk mengulas gambaran panjang femur dan Q angle dengan kejadian cedera pada olahraga. Literature review ini menggunakan data dari berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal, dan sumber lain serta database Pubmed yang berhubungan. Bentuk kepustakaan diutamakan berupa jurnal ilmiah dan dipublikasikan dalam 2015-2020. Pemilihan literatur mempertimbangkan hierarki piramida level of evidence. Berdasarkan penelitian yang relevan, ekstremitas bawah merupakan lokasi cedera tersering dari keseluruhan cedera dan tungkai atas merupakan bagian tubuh yang sering terkena pada pemain futsal. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian cedera tungkai secara umum adalah riwayat cedera sebelumnya, kesehatan tubuh, kebugaran fisik, dan warming up. Sedangkan faktor yang secara khusus meningkatkan cedera tungkai atas yaitu jenis kelamin, lebar panggul, tinggi badan, panjang femur, Indeks massa tubuh (IMT), kelelahan otot, dan Q-angle. Banyak faktor yang diketahui berhubungan dengan peningkatan kejadian cedera meskipun hasilnya berbeda-beda antar penelitian. Terdapat beberapa penelitian terdahulu yang menunjukkan pengaruh panjang femur terhadap kejadian cedera walaupun tidak secara langsung.
DASAR HUMANISME LOKAL INDONESIA
Authors: Sumardjo Jakob
Published: March 2021

Pre-modern humans Indonesia is very respectful of  nature which is a pair of  human life. If  youcut down a tree, picking rice, take honey, slaughtering animals, it is always preceded by a smallritual apology. To understand the local culture, it cannot be used the measures of  modernity thatrejects the things metaphysical and supernatural things. Inevitably we have to be willing to leaveour modern rationality to understand other types of  rationality that develops in the local culture of Indonesia. The realities for local cultures include things that are visible (empiricism) and invisible(hidden). Human being is in the nature both of  them. The Local human pay attention more on thesupernatural than empirical, when the empirical is not able to solve their problems, at least there isa guarantee from supernatural power in solving the empirical ones. To realize the highest humangoal, people should become a perfect human being, and then every local knows the virtues of  each.On the other hand, in fact, humans do not have any freedom which lies precisely in compliancein framed structures. When running what is in accordance with the concept structuralism, thenhumans really feel free, carefree, contented and happy, whatever happens, and surrender to the willof  god. The main human always close and remember the Lord. He was gone just as a mere tool.For further explanation, in this study, it will discuss about National Unity, Concept of  Almighty,Concept of  Plurality, Relationships among the one with the Human life, the Almighty Patterns, andthe Concept of  Freedom.Keywords: local human, supernatural, local culture.
Ekspresi Seni Orang Miskin Sebagai Kebutuhan Integratif
Authors: Rohidi MA Prof. Dr. Tjetjep Rohendi
Published: March 2021

Human need to express the feeling of beauty seem to apply universally and last long time.
CONSTRUINDO APLICATIVOS PARA O ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA UTILIZANDO O SOFTWARE DE PROGRAMAÇÃO APP INVENTOR
Authors: De Andrade Janz Elias Ana Paula , Sucheck Mateus da Rocha Flavia , Souza Motta Marcelo , Kalinke Marco Aurélio
Published: March 2021

As tecnologias móveis podem ser exploradas em sala de aula através de diferentes abordagens. A utilização de aplicativos para celulares pode ser uma estratégia para utilização dessas tecnologias. O software App Inventor permite a criação de aplicativos personalizados, possibilitando que diferentes usuários programem sem a necessidade de formação em programação. Apresentar algumas possibilidades de utilização do mesmo nas aulas de matemática é o intuito deste trabalho, que traz duas experiências desenvolvidas em um colégio da rede privada de ensino de Curitiba: programação e utilização de aplicativos voltados aos conteúdos de Sequências Numéricas e Progressão Aritmética. Utilizamos uma metodologia qualitativa e, apresentamos como ocorreu a programação dos aplicativos, a utilização dos mesmos em sala de aula, suas contribuições e o feedback apresentado pelos alunos. Percebemos a facilidade que os professores tiveram ao programar a partir do software App Inventor com o intuito de trabalhar conteúdos matemáticos de forma mais atrativa para alunos, que demonstraram bastante interesse em trabalhar com a proposta apresentada.
The Soul Savers: A 21st Century Homage to Derrick Bell’s Space Traders or Should Black People Leave America?
Authors: Russell-Brown Katheryn
Published: March 2021

Note: Narrative storytelling is a staple of legal jurisprudence. The Case of the Speluncean Explorers by Lon Fuller and The Space Traders by Derrick Bell are two of the most well-known and celebrated legal stories. The Soul Savers parable that follows pays tribute to Professor Bell’s prescient, apocalyptic racial tale. Professor Bell, a founding member of Critical Race Theory, wrote The Space Traders to instigate discussions about America’s deeply rooted entanglements with race and racism. The Soul Savers is offered as an attempt to follow in Professor Bell’s narrative footsteps by raising and pondering new and old frameworks about the rule of law and racial progress. The year 2020 marks the thirty-year anniversary of Bell’s initial iteration of the Space Traders tale.
Tourism and Human Rights: A Complex Relationship
Authors: Ferraz Jorge , Serpa Sandro
Published: March 2021

The objective of this article is to contribute to the understanding and discussion of the relationship between human rights and tourism. This topic has emerged, above all, in the wake of the discussion on ethics and social responsibility, frequently in a very polarized way in some public debate, and in very generic and non-discussed terms in declarations of intergovernmental organizations. It takes more than that. Thus, our purpose is to analyze, systematize and discuss the main dimensions of the relationship between tourism and human rights. We offer two interrelated approaches: a more theoretical and philosophical reflection on cultural interaction, dignity and human rights; and another approach more related to observation and operationalization of the problem in the social practices, how intergovernmental organizations present and formalize those issues and what are the actors and the logics at play in tourism. Our main conclusion is that such a relationship is inescapably complex because of the nature of tourism and its intrinsic interactions, and because human rights are related to an unfinished debate of plural perspectives, principles and operationalizations.

 

Received: 2 December 2020 / Accepted: 2 February 2021 / Published: 5 March 2021
PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNDER CRISIS
Authors: KALBARCZYK-GUZEK Ewa
Published: March 2021

Organizacje funkcjonują w turbulentnym otoczeniu, którego cechą charakterystyczną jest konieczność błyskawicznego dostosowania się do wymagań rynkowych, by sprostać potrzebom klientów. Podejście to wymaga ciągłego doskonalenia się w celu realizacji złożonych, niepowtarzalnych przedsięwzięć, które wymagają stosowania metod i technik w zarządzaniu projektami. Realizacja projektu i zarządzanie nim w warunkach kryzysu wymaga dodatkowej, wzmożonej uwagi, zmiany kolejności zaplanowanych etapów oraz wprowadzania nowych. Nie jest to możliwe przy wykorzystaniu wszystkich dostępnych metodyk. W artykule omówiono możliwe do zastosowania podejścia w zarządzaniu projektami w warunkach kryzysu, szczególną uwagę zwrócono w stronę metod zwinnych. Skoncentrowano się na omówieniu praktyk, które dają szansę na zakończenie z sukcesem realizowanego projektu.
FORECASTING NEEDS IN THE FOOD DEPARTMENT
Authors: MIZURA Grzegorz , KOZICKI Bartosz , PATEREWICZ Agata
Published: March 2021

Wykonanie prognozowania potrzeb w podmiocie badań na 2021 rok. Podmiotem badań jest instytucja funkcjonująca na obszarze Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Przedmiotem badań są planowane potrzeby i poniesione na ich pokrycie wydatki w dziale żywnościowym w zł. Poprzez zestawienie planowanych potrzeb i poniesionych na ich pokrycie wydatków zaobserwowano ich niebilansowanie się. Stało się to przesłanką do dalszych badań pod kątem prognozowania wydatków w celu określenia przyszłych potrzeb. Wybór metod do prognozowania poprzedzony był wykonaniem wielowymiarowych analiz porównawczych i ich oceną. Badania rozpoczęto od poszukiwania prawidłowości w postaci trendu i sezonowości poprzez analizę i ocenę szeregu czasowego wydatków działu żywnościowego. Analizy pozwoliły na stwierdzenie braku wyraźnych prawidłowości w postaci trendu i sezonowości rządzących szeregiem czasowym wydatków w dziale żywnościowym od stycznia 2014 do listopada 2020 roku. Zaobserwowano jedynie nieznaczny trend malejący oraz słabą/mało wyraźną sezonowość w ujęciu miesięcznym. Wykrycie prawidłowości pozwoliło dobrać metody do prognozowania wydatków w dziale żywnościowym na przyszłość, do których zaliczono: Holta‒Wintersa i metodę naiwną. Analiza porównawcza dwóch metod prognozowania pozwala na wybór najlepszej. Implikacją praktyczną jest stwierdzenie, że przyszłe potrzeby można naliczać, prognozując poniesione wydatki. Do ustalenia przyszłych prognoz można/należy wykorzystać modele prognozowania dostępne w literaturze. Planowanie potrzeb poprzez prognozowanie poniesionych na ich zabezpieczenie wydatków w ujęciu dynamicznym.
A Cross Sectional Study to Assess the Prevalence of Anxiety and Perception of E-Learning among School Teachers
Authors: Maneesha Godbole  , Dattatreya Dinna Ban  , A. Akshay Subramanian
Published: March 2021

Background: Though E-learning has been slowly finding its way into various academic programs, theCovid-19 pandemic has suddenly forced it upon us, with no option left. For a few months now it has been theonly possible method of teaching and learning. Many of the schools, as well as faculty were using it to someextent, but were not completely prepared. This posed a challenge to them. In this context, it is necessary tounderstand the hardships faced by the teachers, their perception about e—learning and the anxiety causedto them.Method: A cross sectional study was conducted over a period of 4 weeks. A sample of 100 school teacherswas randomly selected by convenience sampling. A structured, pre-tested questionnaire through Googleforms was used to collect the data. The questionnaire assessed the benefits and disadvantages of e-learningas perceived by the teachers. Anxiety was assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Data wasentered in Excel sheet and observations were tabulated and presented as proportions, using pie charts.Results: 32% of the teachers felt that visual orientation is a positive aspect of e-learning, 67% felt thate-learning offers better opportunities for students to improve their skill set. 34% expressed that they wereable to complete only 61-80% of the assigned subject matter for the day. Lack of face to face communication,poor network connectivity, and inattentiveness of students were listed as the disadvantages of e-learning.Despite training having been provided to conduct e-learning, 90% of the teachers experienced mild anxiety.Conclusion: 58% of the teachers believed that E-learning could definitely be used on a regular basis, whereas42% felt certain modifications and measures need to be in place before the actual process of completeE-learning could be thought of as a modality to teach school children.
Role of Lumbar Puncture In Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Ranjeet Kumar Jha  , Rachna Gupta
Published: March 2021

As of Sept 2024, this article stands retracted due to significant plagiarism concerns
Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage via ventricular puncture is an established therapy ofelevated intracranial pressure (ICP). In contrast, lumbar CSF removal is believed to be contraindicated withintracranial hypertension.Method: We investigated the safety and efficacy of lumbar CSF drainage to decrease refractory elevatedICP in a small cohort of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). A score (0–8 points) was used to assesscomputed tomography (CT) images for signs of herniation and for patency of the basal cisterns. All patientsreceived lumbar CSF drainage either as a continuous drainage or as a single lumbar puncture (LP). Type andmethod of CSF drainage, mean ICP 24 h prior and after CSF removal, and adverse events were documented.Outcome was assessed after 3 months (with dichotomized Glasgow outcome scale).Results: Eight patients were evaluated retrospectively. n = 5 suffered a moderate, n = 2 a severe TBI (oneGlasgow coma score not documented). The CT score was ?5 in all patients prior to LP and decreased afterpuncture without clinical consequences in two patients. The amount of CSF removal did not correlate withscore changes (P = 0.45). CSF drainage led to a significant reduction of mean ICP (from 22.3 to 13.9 mmHg,P = 0.002). Continuous drainage was more effective than a single LP. Three of eight patients reached afavorable outcome.Conclusions: Lumbar CSF removal for the treatment of intracranial hypertension is effective and safe,provided the basal cisterns are discernible, equivalent to ?5 points in the proposed new score. The scoreneeds further validation.
Escena posporno. Desbordes disciplinarios en las prácticas artísticas pospornográficas
Authors: Romero Baamonde Mª Eugenia
Published: March 2021

Este artículo se centra en el estudio del medio escénico utilizado por diversas prácticas pospornográficas del territorio español que reflejan en sus trabajos diferentes puntos de vista apoyados en el uso de diversas herramientas disciplinares. El medio escénico será utilizado como campo de batalla para un discurso que propone nuevas maneras de representar la sexualidad y los géneros. Esta escena en el campo expandido se verá transitada por prácticas como la de Diana J. Torres con su Pornoterrorismo o la experimentación escénica de ArmsIdea, con su cabaret Borrador Battonz. El espacio escénico desborda las calles, con performances como Oh-Kaña realizada por la unión de diversos colectivos y artistas llevando a las Ramblas de Barcelona un verdadero pasacalles ciberfeminista pospornográfico. Las disciplinas artísticas se utilizan como un marco provisional y flexible, en el que las directrices y principios a la hora de materializar la práctica artística están abiertas a una posible negociación, rompiendo los marcos habituales de las disciplinas académicas y trasgrediendo las jerarquías de valores que, generalmente, deslegitiman, en la enseñanza, temáticas como el género, la raza y la sexualidad
Open-Access-Roadshow
Authors: Melchior Susanne , Siegert Olaf
Published: March 2021

Dieser Tagungsbericht beschreibt die Vielfalt der Open-Access- und Open-Science-Handlungsfelder, die bei der Open-Access-Roadshow behandelt wurden, und benennt den Kulturwandel hin zu einem Offenen Wissenschaftssystem als die große Hürde.
Es gibt hierbei aber immer mehr erfolgreiche Akteure und Initiativen, die stetig Ansätze entwickeln, um die Bedürfnisse von Forschenden aufzunehmen und deren Probleme zu lösen.
peDOCS
Authors: Butz Anke , Jornitz Sieglinde
Published: March 2021

Im Beitrag wird nachgezeichnet, wie der Zugang zu Open-Access-Publikationen der Erziehungswissenschaft in Deutschland gestaltet ist. Das Besondere hierbei ist, dass die Erziehungswissenschaft
über einen fachlichen Open-Access-Dokumentenserver verfügt, der in enger Kooperation mit Verlagen, Vereinen und weiteren Gruppen von Autor*innen aus der Wissenschaft getragen wird.
Dieser fachspezifische Zugang unterscheidet das Repositorium von einem institutionellen und macht die Zusammenarbeit mit den verschiedenen Akteuren erst möglich.
Les adjoint·es à la démocratie participative. Une catégorie d’élu·es entre spécialisation fonctionnelle et misère positionnelle
Authors: Lefebvre Rémi , Talpin Julien , Petit Guillaume
Published: March 2021

Les délégations municipales à la démocratie participative se sont banalisées depuis deux décennies, mais on manque encore d’études systématiques de ce phénomène. À partir d’une description d’ensemble et d’entretiens, l’article analyse ces adjoint·es, afin de restituer leurs caractéristiques sociales et politiques et les logiques de la fonction. Celle-ci s’avère peu valorisée, et ces élu·es oscillent entre spécialisation fonctionnelle et misère positionnelle. Une majorité ne signale pas d’appétence particulière en matière de participation, malgré des dispositions repérables. Nous décrivons quatre types d’élu·es : indifférents, croyants managériaux, croyants militants et opposants, dont l’évolution, d’ensemble et dans les trajectoires, constitue un enjeu de recherche.
A multi-scale UAV image matching method applied to large-scale landslide reconstruction
Authors: Ren Chaofeng , Zhi Xiaodong , Pu Yuchi , Zhang Fuqiang
Published: March 2021

Three-dimensional (3D) sparse reconstruction of landslide topography based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images has been widely used for landslide monitoring and geomorphological analysis. In order to solve the isolated island phenomenon caused by multi-scale image matching, which means that there is no connection between the images of different scales, we herein propose a method that selects UAV image pairs based on image retrieval. In this method, sparse reconstruction was obtained via the sequential structure-from-motion (SfM) pipeline. First, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce high-dimensional features to low-dimensional features to improve the efficiency of retrieval vocabulary construction. Second, by calculating the query depth threshold and discarding the invalid image pairs, we improved the efficiency of image matching. Third, the connected network of the dataset was constructed based on the initial matching of image pairs. The lost multi-scale image pairs were identified and matched through the image query between the connection components, which further improved the integrity of image matching. Our experimental results show that, compared with the traditional image retrieval method, the efficiency of the proposed method is improved by 25.9%.
Zum Verhältnis von Tragödie, Lyrik und Moderne
Authors: Emmrich Thomas
Published: March 2021

Selon Vorlesungen über die Ästhetik de Hegel, l’art aurait, au cours de l’histoire universelle, été déchu de sa destinée principale. En lieu et place de la tragédie antique, dans laquelle la congruence de la substantialité et de la subjectivité a été supposément établie, c’est la poésie qui s’impose chez Hegel en tant que paradigme générique de l’époque moderne. Néanmoins, la poésie doit céder à la philosophie sa fonction qui est de permettre au Geist absolu de prendre conscience de lui-même. Hölderlin partage les présuppositions théoriques de Hegel sur l’histoire et les genres littéraires mais parvient à une conception diamétralement opposée de la poésie : elle n’est pour lui pas une réflexion de particularité subjective de l’époque moderne comme pour Hegel mais un moyen permettant de réhabiliter la corrélation entre la subjectivité et la substantialité. Enfin, une comparaison entre Hölderlin et Foucault montre le degré de similarité de leurs pensées respectives : Foucault reconnait lui aussi dans la poésie moderne le potentiel subversif consistant à rejeter les prétentions hégé(l)moniques de la philosophie.
Vanini : un poème oublié de Hölderlin
Authors: Paul Jacky C.-J.
Published: March 2021

Il fallut attendre presque un siècle pour que l’ode à Vanini soit publiée et, encore aujourd’hui, elle reste le plus souvent ignorée des éditeurs et chercheurs. Le présent travail s’efforce donc d’esquisser l’importance de ces strophes pour une meilleure compréhension de Hölderlin. En effet une lecture attentive montre que dans cette ode et dans la conception de la nature qui s’y ébauche – proche de celle du « blasphémateur » – s’annonce une thématique majeure et récurrente qui fera de Hölderlin un poète militant, chantre d’une « Naturfilosofie » impliquant un total renversement des valeurs, message subversif tant sur le plan religieux que politique. Un engagement qu’il assumera toute sa vie. Car selon certains témoignages – peu exploités jusqu’ici et infirmant la thèse de la « folie » –, cet « esprit libertaire » restera jusqu’à la fin un « combattant » en lutte pour l’« idée d’Humanité » et pour l’avènement d’une « ère nouvelle ».
L’animal éducateur ? De la spéci-ficité de l’animal homme dans les écrits de Nietzsche
Authors: Dumonteil Julie
Published: March 2021

La réflexion nietzschéenne sur l’animal s’inscrit dans la perspective de l’anthropologie philosophique. Ce courant interroge la place de l’homme et son rapport à l’animal. La théorie de l’évolution darwinienne et la philosophie de la vie remettent ainsi en cause la définition aristotélicienne de l’homme en tant qu’animal rationale. Pour Nietzsche, l’animal homme est avant tout un être qui se différencie des autres animaux par ses manquements. Il s’agit donc de définir en quoi l’homme, dans sa nature comme dans son parcours, apparaît bien dans les écrits nietzschéens comme un animal dénaturé, troublé. Il conviendra alors de s’interroger sur le rôle d’éducateur que l’animal peut jouer pour permettre à l’homme d’oublier sa spéci-ficité afin de jouir pleinement de la vie.
Finding the Logic of Location: an Analysis of the Distribution Pattern of Urban Activities in the City of Colombo with Space Syntax
Authors: Munaisnghe J.N. , Bandara A.
Published: March 2021

The self-organized order of the types, scales, and locations of different activities in urban areas has throughout been a matter of concern for planning. In order to regulate ‘unplanned’ distribution of activities in urban areas, planning authorities used different tools, of which zoning is still the most popular. However, except under heavily regimented conditions, zoning has continuously failed to withstand the forces that empowered urban activities to find their preferred locations in an urban area. Hence, planners need more strategic approaches than conventional methods in order to deal with the location dynamics of urban activities. In this regard, a comprehensive understanding on space appropriation by urban activities and the methods in which such understanding can be effectively integrated into planning strategies, are essential in planners. In a context where the available theories were limited in serving for this purpose, the Space Syntax method provides planners with a more convincing method to analyze and simulate spatial dynamics of urban areas, relating to ‘spatial integration’, which is an attribute that emerges from the overall configuration of the physical environment. Using this method, this study explored the potential relationship between the location choices of different urban activity types, and the level of spatial integration of their current locations within the core area of the city of Colombo.
Preclinical Efficacy and Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Action of the Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Rilzabrutinib for Immune-Mediated Disease
Authors: Langrish Claire L. , Bradshaw J. Michael , Francesco Michelle R. , Owens Timothy D. , Xing Yan , Shu Jin , LaStant Jacob , Bisconte Angelina , Outerbridge Catherine , White Stephen D. , Hill Ronald J. , Brameld Ken A. , Goldstein David M. , Nunn Philip A.
Published: March 2021

Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is expressed in B cells and innate immune cells, acting as an essential signaling element in multiple immune cell pathways. Selective BTK inhibition has the potential to target multiple immune-mediated disease pathways. Rilzabrutinib is an oral, reversible, covalent BTK inhibitor designed for immune-mediated diseases. We examined the pharmacodynamic profile of rilzabrutinib and its preclinical mechanisms of action. In addition to potent and selective BTK enzyme and cellular activity, rilzabrutinib inhibited activation and inflammatory activities of B cells and innate cells such as macrophages, basophils, mast cells, and neutrophils, without cell death (in human and rodent assay systems). Rilzabrutinib demonstrated dose-dependent improvement of clinical scores and joint pathology in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis and demonstrated reductions in autoantibody-mediated FcγR signaling in vitro and in vivo, with blockade of rat Arthus reaction, kidney protection in mouse Ab-induced nephritis, and reduction in platelet loss in mouse immune thrombocytopenia. Additionally, rilzabrutinib inhibited IgE-mediated, FcεR-dependent immune mechanisms in human basophils and mast cell–dependent mouse models. In canines with naturally occurring pemphigus, rilzabrutinib treatment resulted in rapid clinical improvement demonstrated by anti-inflammatory effects visible within 2 wk and all animals proceeding to complete or substantial disease control. Rilzabrutinib is characterized by reversible covalent BTK binding, long BTK residence time with low systemic exposure, and multiple mechanistic and biological effects on immune cells. Rilzabrutinib’s unique characteristics and promising efficacy and safety profile support clinical development of rilzabrutinib for a broad array of immune-mediated diseases.
Cost analysis of dengue from a State in south India
Authors: Nujum Zinia T. , Beegum M. Saboora , Meenakshy V. , Vijayakumar K.
Published: March 2021

Background & objectives:

Improved dengue cost estimates offer the potential to provide a baseline measure to determine the cost-effectiveness of interventions. The objective of this study was to estimate the cost of dengue prevention, treatment and fatalities in Kerala, India, over a period of one year.

Methods:

The study was done in Kerala, a southern State in India. Costing of treatment was done from a family perspective. It was found by primary data collection in a sample of 83 dengue patients from Thiruvananthapuram district and estimated for Kerala using the reported number of cases in 2016. Costing of prevention was done from the government perspective for the entire State. In-depth interviews with State programme officers and experts in the field were conducted. The present value of lifetime earnings was used to value lives.

Results:

The cost of treatment of dengue in the State was 137 milion (2.16 million US$). The cost of prevention in the State was 535 million (8.3 million US$). The cost of fatalities was the highest among costs at 1760 million (27.7 million US$). US$ 38 million was the least possible estimate of total cost of dengue. The total out-of-pocket spending (OOPS) of >60 yr was significantly (P<0.05) higher than other age groups. The total OOPS was significantly (P<0.001) higher in private sector compared to public.

Interpretation & conclusions:

Although deaths due to dengue were few, the cost of fatalities was 12 times more than the cost of treatment and three times the cost of prevention. Focusing on mortality reduction and disease prevention in elderly would be beneficial.
Diagnosis & management of imported malaria in pregnant women in non-endemic countries
Authors: Piccioni Maria Grazia , Negro Valentina Del , Vena Flaminia , Capone Carmela , Merlino Lucia , Moore James Matthaus , Giancotti Antonella , Porpora Maria Grazia , Brunelli Roberto
Published: March 2021

Malaria in pregnancy is an important cause of maternal and foetal morbidity and is a potentially life-threatening infection. With ever-growing global exchanges, imported malaria in pregnancy is becoming an issue of concern in non-endemic countries where women, because of low immunity, have higher risk of severe diseases and death. Malaria in pregnancy is a dangerous condition which can be associated with important consequences for both mother and child such as stillbirth, low birth weight, maternal anaemia. In non-endemic-countries it is more frequent in its severe form which can lead to maternal death if not treated adequately. Specific anti-malarial interventions such as the use of repellents and insecticide treated bed nets in addition to chemoprophylaxis should be used by pregnant women if they are travelling to endemic areas. In cases of confirmed infection, specific treatment regimens vary according to gestational age and the presence of complications. Malaria should be considered a global health problem, increasingly involving western countries. Clinicians all over the world need to be prepared for this emerging disease both in terms of prevention and therapy.
The Process of Promoting Spiritual Health in Iranian Muslim Adults
Authors: Jaberi Azita , Momennasab Marzieh
Published: March 2021

Background:

Spiritual health is a complex concept and it is important to review its promotion and evolution from a Muslim point of view in Iran. So, the present study was designed to explore the process of spiritual health promotion among Iranian Muslims.

Materials and Methods:

This study is a grounded theory in which the continuous comparative analysis method Strauss & Corbin (1998) was used to analyze data. This study's sampling method was purposive in trying to select participants with the maximum variation.

Results:

The “striving effort to promote spiritual health” was the core category which was the participants' strategy of the participants to confront their main concern, “to achieve transcendence”. The essential spiritual process in this study was “the journey in the transcendence path”. People would find the purpose and meaning of life by interconnecting and relying on their inner forces, and by establishing the moderation between the dimensions of existence. In this way, individuals will become closer to human perfection with the help of these components. They will achieve immersive wellbeing and moral maturity through the consolidation of spiritual health. Such a person lives to serve among the people.

Conclusions:

Adult promotion of spiritual health is dynamic and complex. The main process in this path is spiritual growth, which begins and continues as a result of the striving to advance spiritual health and refinement. Considering these findings has become a concern for holistic care within the scope of nursing care.
Termination of Pregnancy for Fetal Anomalies
Authors: Kamranpour Bahareh , Noroozi Mahnaz , Bahrami Masoud
Published: March 2021

Background:

Diagnosing congenital fetal anomalies before birth is considered an emotionally devastating experience. To facilitate the process of compatibility with this event, healthcare providers should determine various needs of these women. The present study was conducted to explore the informational and educational needs of women who have experienced pregnancy termination because of fetal anomalies.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was a qualitative content analysis. Forty participants (women, their spouses, and healthcare providers) in Rasht city, Iran, were selected using purposive sampling method with maximum variety and their data were gathered using in-depth interviews and field notes. Data were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis with Graneheim and Lundman approach.

Results:

After analyzing the text of the interviews, the informational and educational needs of women who have experienced pregnancy termination because of fetal anomalies were categorized in three main categories of “receiving information tailored to the client's circumstances,” “learning life skills to cope,” and “getting prepared for the next pregnancy.”

Conclusions:

The results, by exploring and magnifying the informational and educational needs of these women, could present an appropriate context for providing principal care and cultural-based interventions with an emphasis on comprehensive education and counseling. Also, proper implementation of the process of obtaining informed consent from the women to terminate the pregnancy is essential. These could facilitate the conditions for their return to normal life and ultimately promote their health.
Adjustment to a New Heart
Authors: Asgari Parvaneh , Jackson Alun C , Bahramnezhad Fatemeh
Published: March 2021

Background:

Although the phenomenon of adjustment to a new heart in transplant recipients is very complex, very few studies have been conducted on this important issue. Therefore, no careful and clear definition exists for this concept.

Materials and Methods:

This concept analysis was conducted in Iran in 2018 on 13 patients undergoing heart transplantation. In the theoretical phase, a conceptual framework was created according to the existing data in the literature about the phenomenon. In this study, 13 participants were selected using purposive sampling with maximum diversity.-Ž In the fieldwork phase, 20 deep and semistructured interviews were conducted with patients undergoing heart transplantation over 4 months. After data saturation, interviews were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method proposed by Granheim and Lundman (2009). At the final analytical phase, the results of the two previous phases were integrated using a hybrid model.

Results:

Adjustment to a new heart is a unique multiphase process in patients undergoing heart transplantation. The antecedents include the transplantation time, physical conditions, social and family support, relationship with congeners, and spiritual beliefs. The desirable consequences of adjustment to a new heart may include a new life, inner peace, and spiritual excellence, and the undesirable consequences may include psychological abuse and emotional stagnation.

Conclusions:

According to the results, the health-care team should consider the patient as a unique client and initiate discussions before and following heart transplantation that address patients' adjustment to a new heart in all their physical, sexual, and emotional aspects.
Multidisciplinary Management for Intestinal Obstruction by Gel Ball Ingestion
Authors: Tewari Shruti , Chigicherla Swathi , Sharma Rahul Deo , Redkar Rajeev
Published: March 2021

Foreign body ingestion is common in young children. Very few cases require surgical exploration for removal. We report a case of superabsorbent gel ball ingestion causing intestinal obstruction, managed by a combination of endoscopic and open surgical removal under intraoperative ultrasound guidance.
Jejunojejunal Intussusception at Birth
Authors: Majjari Penchalaiah , Kumar K. S. , Gururaja Girish
Published: March 2021

We report a case of intussusception presenting as bilious vomiting in a term neonate. Intussusception should be considered as a differential diagnosis even in the neonatal period. Ultrasound scan may help in early diagnosis. This condition needs to be operated early as delayed treatment may lead to bowel necrosis.
Beyond Hammersley’s Last-Passage Percolation: a discussion on possible local and global constraints
Authors: Berger Quentin , Torri Niccolò
Published: March 2021

Hammersley’s Last-Passage Percolation (LPP), also known as Ulam’s problem, is a well-studied model that can be described as follows: let

m

points be chosen uniformly and independently in [0,1]

^2

, then what is the maximal number

\mathcal L_m

of points that can be collected by an up-right path? We introduce here a generalization of this LPP, allowing for more general constraints than the up-right condition: the constraints may be either
local
or
global
. We give the correct order of

\mathcal L_m

in a general manner, and we illustrate the interest and usefulness of this generalized LPP with examples and simulations.
Phenotypic and molecular variability of maize (Zea mays L.) Induced with X-ray
Authors: Olawuyi Odunayo Joseph , Igata David Franklin , Akanmu Akinlolu Olalekan , Azeez Abeeb Abiodun
Published: March 2021

Ten genotypes of maize collected from National Center for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB) were induced with X-ray for morphological and molecular assessment. The experimental design was complete randomized design with four replicates. Morphological and molecular statistical analyses of treated genotypes were conducted using SAS and Power Maker Packages, respectively while dendrogram was generated using Jaccards similarity coefficient using Unweighted Paired Group Method and Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA). The study revealed significant difference which is an indication of genetic variation of characters in treated maize. Genotype DTSR-Wco performed best in plant height (62.35 cm), leaf length (62.35 cm), number of leaves (3.15), leaf width (7.55 cm) and dry leaf biomass (0.24 g). X-ray at 90 Kv/mass, 95 Kv/mass and 100 Kv/mass decreased plant heights to 54.25cm, 53.87cm and 54.10cm respectively compared to Control. Heritability estimate was greater than 70% for all characters evaluated. Genotype TZM 1551 at 0 Kv/mass yielded the highest concentration of DNA at 2841.60 ng/ul and the highest genomic DNA concentration was obtained at 95 Kv/mass for TZM 132 with 1.91%. Primer BMC 1755 was most polymorphic with 58.77% in treated maize genotypes. The plant height was strongly correlated with leaf length (r=0.9), leaf width (r=0.76) and number of leaves (r=0.77). Principal component analysis showed close relationship between plant height (-0.03) and leaf length (0.05) compared with leaf width (-0.67) and number of leaves (0.69). Dry shoot biomass (0.05) was closely related to dry root biomass (-0.03) and dry leaf biomass (-0.04).
Effects of synthetic agricultural chemicals on health: Views of smallholder farmers in the Ho West district
Authors: Egbadzor K.F. , Sakyi E.K.
Published: March 2021

The use of agro-chemicals especially insecticides and herbicides has become a very common agricultural practice among smallholder farmers in Ghana including the Ho West District of the Volta Region. The worrying issue is the inappropriate application of these chemicals. This study explored smallholder farmers’ knowledge of the adverse effects of the application of agrochemicals on crops, animals and human health. This was a qualitative study and data were collected using focus groups of smallholder farmers from the Ho West District. The groups were purposively selected with the aim of capturing farmers who are knowledgeable in the use of agro-chemicals. Five group interviews consisting of six (6) to twelve (12) farmers in each group were organised. The findings suggested that although, many of the farmers are aware of the harmful effects of the chemicals on crops, animal, humans and the environment, they do not wear personal protective equipment during application. Overwhelming majority of the interviewees do not use safety clothing such as gloves, nose-covering, hand-washing and eye protection gadgets. Seventy percent of the farmers reported that they never had any training regarding the use of these chemicals, and that radio advertisements are the main source of their information regarding usage. Encouragingly, all of them admitted that they are ready and willing to avail themselves to learn and acquire skills needed for effective application of these chemicals. As agro-chemicals have become indispensable in modern day farming, it is imperative for government and other stakeholders to provide training opportunities for farmers on proper handling of the chemicals so that lives and the environment are protected.
Creación de sitios estáticos con Jekyll y GitHub Pages
Authors: Visconti Amanda
Published: March 2021

Esta lección te ayudará a crear un sitio web seguro completamente gratuito, fácil de mantener y sobre el que tendrás control total, como un blog académico, un sitio web de proyectos o un portafolio en línea.
EL PRINCIPIO DE PRESUNCIÓN DE INOCENCIA FRENTE A LA APLICACIÓN DEL PROCEDIMIENTO ABREVIADO EN EL ECUADOR
Authors: Mosquera Pazmiño Hector , Gonzalez Romero Eduardo , Barrios Miranda Angel
Published: March 2021

El este trabajo se presenta el análisis del procedimiento abreviado contemplado en el Código Orgánico Integral Penal del Ecuador, el cual tiene como naturaleza jurídica, la simplificación de las etapas procesales en una única audiencia de juicio, a raíz de que el imputado acepta lo que se le atribuye, y consecuentemente recibe una reducción en la pena que corresponda. Si bien es cierto, aun cuando existe una apología acerca de que dicho procedimiento se fundamenta en la espontaneidad y consentimiento del procesado, tampoco es menos cierto que existe una coacción psicológica que ubica al justiciable en un estado de indefensión, en cuanto a la decisión sobre la cual estará en juego su libertad, puesto que existe una negociación jurídica con respecto al derecho a la defensa y al debido proceso, los cuales proclama de manera expresa la Constitución del Ecuador y en los Tratados Internaciones de Derechos Humanos a los cuales estamos adheridos como Estado.

Palabras Clave: procedimiento abreviado, principio de presunción de inocencia, debido proceso, derecho a la defensa.

Referencias

[1]A. Verdoodt, Declaración Universal de los Derechos del Hombre: nacimiento y significación., Editorial Mensajero, 1970.

[2]S. García Ramírez, «El debido proceso. Concepto general y regulación en la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos,» Bol. Mex. Der. Comp., vol. 39, nº 117, 2006.

[3]CDH, «Comité de Derechos Humanos. Observación general número 13.,» 1984. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=INT%2fCCPR%2fGEC%2f4721&Lang=en. [Último acceso: 12 de mayo de 2020]

[4]Ecuador, «Constitución de la República del Ecuador,» 2008. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://www.oas.org/juridico/pdfs/mesicic4_ecu_const.pdf. [Último acceso: 10 de mayo de 2020]

[5]R. Oficial, «Codigo Orgánico Integral Penal,» [En línea]. Disponible en: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CEDAW/Shared%20Documents/ECU/INT_CEDAW_ARL_ECU_18950_S.pdf. [Último acceso: 12 de mayo de 2020]

[6]J. Santos, «El debido proceso penal,» 2009.

[7]S. Zambrano, «El acceso a la justicia y tutela judicial efectiva en relación con la seguridad ciudadana en Ecuador.,» Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 2015.

[8]E. Zavala, Código Orgánico Integral Penal. Teoría del delito y sistema acusatorio., Editorial Murillo, 2014.

[9]R. Vaca, Derecho Procesal Penal Ecuatoriano., Quito: Ediciones Legales., 2015.
The Mediating Role of Institutional Trust on Corporate Image and Customer Trust in Iraqi Banking Sector
Authors: Jadah Hamid Mohsin , Alghanimi Manar Hayder Ali , Al-Husainy Noor Hashim Mohammed
Published: March 2021

In today’s highly volatile environment, banks strive to leverage the perceptions of their multiple customers more than ever before to build a sustainable competitive advantage. Accordingly, corporate image and customer trust concepts are of vital importance for both academicians and practitioners, concerning their potential impact on internal and external stakeholders. Recognizing the intensified significance of a multi-stakeholder perspective, the current study attempts to contribute to the literature by examining the mediating role of institutional trust on the relationship between corporate image and customer trust. The study applies the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method to examine this relationship. The data are collected from a total of 372 Iraqi banking customers using a random sampling technique. The finding for path-1 shows that there exists a positive and significant association between corporate image, institutional trust, and trust in online banking services. Similarly, the result of path-2 also reveals a positive and significant association between institutional trust and trust in online banking services. Finally, bias-corrected bootstrapping confirms that institutional trust plays a mediating role between corporate image and trust in online banking services in Iraq. This study has important theoretical and practical implications. It not only fills some of the gaps in the literature about trust in online banking services, particularly for Iraq but it also reinforces to policy-makers that institutional trust is an important factor in promoting customers’ trust in financial services.
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and cardiac implantable electronic devices in a county hospital setting: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pichtchoulin Sara , Selmeryd Ingrid , Freyhult Elisabeth , Hedberg Pär , Selmeryd Jonas
Published: March 2021

Background: Due to a high incidence of cardiac implantable electronic device-associated infective endocarditis (CIED-IE) in cases of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) and high mortality with conservative management, guidelines advocate device removal in all subjects with SAB. We aimed to investigate the clinical course of SAB in patients with a CIED (SAB+CIED) in a Swedish county hospital setting and relate it to guideline recommendations.

Methods: All CIED carriers with SAB, excluding clinical pocket infections, in the County of Västmanland during 2010–2017 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: There were 61 cases of SAB+CIED during the study period, and CIED-IE was diagnosed in 13/61 (21%) cases. In-hospital death occurred in 19/61 (31%) cases, 34/61 (56%) cases were discharged with CIED device retained, and 8/61 (13%) cases were discharged after device removal. Subjects dying during hospitalization were elderly and diseased. No events was seen if the CIED was removed. Among four discharged cases with conservatively managed CIED-IE one relapse occured. Among 30 cases discharged with retained CIED and no evidence of IE, 22/30 (73%) cases had an uneventful follow-up, whereas adverse events secondary to overlooked CIED-IE were likely in 1/30 (3%) cases and could not be definitely excluded in additionally 4/30 (13%) cases.

Conclusions: During the study period, management became more active and prognosis improved. The heterogeneity within the population of SAB+CIED suggests that a management strategy based on an individual risk/benefit analysis could be an alternative to mandatory device removal.
Rinoescleroma
Authors: Segura Vílchez John , González Rojas Paulina , Retana Moreira Lissete
Published: March 2021

"Paciente masculino de 19 años de edad, proveniente de zona rural, con cuadro clínico de 3 años de oclusión nasal, episodios de inflamación facial, epistaxis, rinorrea fétida, hipoacusia derecha, adenopatías faciales múltiples y axilares bilaterales; fue referido al Hospital México por una lesión granulomatosa obstructiva del tabique nasal. Una biopsia inicial reveló la presencia de tejido con infiltrado inflamatorio crónico, con predominio de macrófagos de aspecto espumoso. Una segunda biopsia fue positiva por Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. rhinoscleromatis, y por anatomía patológica se describió una hiperplasia pseudoepiteliomatosa y en lámina propia denso infiltrado inflamatorio con base en linfocitos, células plasmáticas, cuerpos de Russell y macrófagos con citoplasma vacuolado, con presencia de microorganismos y detritos. El paciente recibió terapia con ciprofloxacina vía oral por siete meses, con lo cual resolvió desde el punto de vista etiológico."