bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feminism, Disability, and Evolutionary Psychology: What’s Missing?
Authors: O'Donovan Maeve
Published: March 2016

Although a number of feminist scholars have scrutinized evolutionary psychology (EP) in order to show its gendered assumptions, very few feminist scholars have interrogated the assumptions that the field makes about disability. Nor have disability theorists paid adequate critical attention to EP, despite the fact that the field and the theories that it promotes are central to dominant contemporary conceptions of disability. In this essay, I point out the ways in which feminist criticisms of EP fail to address its implications for our understandings of disability. I argue, furthermore, that insofar as feminist criticisms of EP fail to integrate a critical approach to disability, they do so at their own expense—perhaps even undermining their own theoretical and political goals. Both feminist philosophy and philosophy of disability have much to gain from co-developing a feminist philosophy of disability that takes account of evolutionary approaches. Given the prevalence—both within and outside of the academy—of evolutionary justifications for oppression and discrimination, the need for an integrative model which would succeed where other critiques of evolutionary psychology have failed is vital.Keywords: disability, evolutionary psychology, feminist philosophy, modularity, standpoint theory
Metaphorically Speaking: Ableist Metaphors in Feminist Writing
Authors: Schalk Sami
Published: March 2016

This article examines the use of metaphors of disability in feminist texts. Starting from an understanding of feminism as a movement to end sex and gender oppression in the lives of all people, a movement aligned with anti-racist, anti-homophobic, anti-classist and anti-ableist movements, I make connections between sexist and ableist rhetoric in order to expose the political and intellectual repercussions for feminist work that relies upon metaphors of disability. I argue that most current uses of disability metaphors promote an ideology of impairment as a negative form of embodiment. In order to articulate my claims, I provide a close reading of extended disability metaphors used in work by bell hooks and Tania Modleski, identifying the implications about disability and problems that occur in their overall arguments when the metaphors are read from a disability studies perspective. The article ends by offering recommendations for a feminist philosophy of language, calling for a reflective political commitment by feminists to interrogate our theoretical assumptions and consider the effects of our language so as to prevent further marginalization of disempowered groups in general and disabled people in particular.Keywords: metaphor; language; ableism; feminism
Clinically Significant Disturbance: On Theorists Who Theorize Theory of Mind
Authors: Yergeau Melanie
Published: March 2016

This essay is an autie-ethnographic narrative that traces the problems with and limits of theory of mind (ToM) as it is currently constructed in psychology and cognitive studies. In particular, I examine the role of the body in ToM—or rather, the ways in which autistic people are disembodied in theories about ToM. I argue that theories about ToM deny autistic people agency by calling into question their very humanity and, in doing so, wreak violence on autistic bodies. I suggest, furthermore, that feminist rhetorical studies represent one potential location for dismantling the complex web of oppression that ToM has come to signify.Keywords: theory of mind; autism; rhetoric; violence; embodiment
Introducing Feminist Philosophy of Disability
Authors: Tremain Shelley
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Editor-in-Chief's Note
Authors: Henderson Bruce
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Disability, Spectatorship, and The Station Agent
Authors: Clarke Michael Tavel
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Analyzing the discourse surrounding Autism in the New York Times using an ableism lens
Authors: Billawala Alshaba , Wolbring Gregor
Published: March 2016

The topic of Autism is highly within academic literature (over 20000 articles in the database PubMed of US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health and the public domain (79 Million hits in Google).  Newspapers also show a great interest in autism.  However despite the prevalence of autism coverage very little media analysis has been performed. We present here an analysis of the coverage of autism in the New York Times from the time the term autism first appeared (1973) to 2012.   Ability expectations and preferences are one dynamic through which members of a group judge others, themselves and their lives. Ability preferences and judgments are at the root of many rules of behaviours and customs. Ableism was one lens through which we analyzed the discourse surrounding autism in the NYT.  We found that readers that rely on the NYT as a primary source of information get very limited information about what autism is and what factors are associated with autism and they are heavily exposed to a medical narrative. We suggest that the negative, medical narrative adds to the problems people with autism face. Keywords: autism; perception; media; New York Times; language; ableism
Fruitcake Weather: Queer/Disabled Community in Truman Capote's "A Christmas Memory"
Authors: St. Pierre Scott
Published: March 2016

This essay argues for a politically-inflected re-evaluation of Truman Capote’s classic holiday story “A Christmas Memory.”  It proposes, in contrast to prevailing readings of the tale as a de-politicized, nostalgic children’s story, that the text makes a compelling case for politically engaged, resistant community building by its disabled and queer characters, an important action rooted in the shared political interests of queer and disabled people. Keywords: intellectual disability, sexuality, community action, nostalgia, literary criticism
Moving Feminist Disability Studies into the Crip Future
Authors: Schalk Sami
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Better Living through Crafting
Authors: Ventura Patricia
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Race, Heart Disease, Pharmaceuticals & Belonging in American Medicine
Authors: Sindhi Hamad
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Review of The Madwoman and the Blindman
Authors: Tweed Hannah
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Disability (and) Education at the Margins: A Global Look
Authors: Nusbaum Emily
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Forum Introduction: Reflections on the Fiftieth Anniversary of Erving Goffman’s Stigma
Authors: Brune Jeffrey , Garland-Thomson Rosemarie , Schweik Susan , Titchkosky Tanya , Love Heather
Published: March 2016

The plenary session at SDS 2013 on “Reflections on the Fiftieth Anniversary of Stigma” marked the fiftieth anniversary of Erving Goffman’s Stigma, which remains one of the most cited and influential works in the field. The panelists, whose essays appear in this forum, discuss Stigma’s origins and uses over the past decades, how the book has affected their own research and understandings of disability, and what role Stigma might play as disability studies continues to evolve. Each of the five essays in its own way answers one central question: whether and how Goffman’s work remains useful as we move the field forward.
Review of Don’t Call Me Inspirational: A Disabled Feminist Talks Back
Authors: Wilkerson Abby
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Thinking With Disability Studies
Authors: Erevelles Nirmala
Published: March 2016

In this essay, I offer tentative ruminations about the possibilities/challenges of theory and praxis in the field of disability studies. I begin the essay by thinking through my own positionality as a non-disabled woman of color scholar/ally in the field. Cautiously situating myself in a location of outsider-within (Hill-Collins,1998), I explore how disability studies is disruptive of any boundaries that claim to police distinctions between disabled/non-disabled subject positions. Noting the dangers of claiming that everyone is disabled at some historical moment, I propose instead a relational analysis to engage the materiality of disability at the intersections of race, class, gender, nation, and sexual identity within specific historical contexts and discuss the complicated impasses that continue to plague disability studies at these intersections. I conclude the essay by recognizing the labor of scholar/activists in the field who call for a committed politics of accountability and access via disability justice.  Keywords: disability studies, historical materialism, identity politics and intersectionality, disability justice, politics of accountability/allyship
Transnationalising Disability Studies: Rights, Justice and Impairment
Authors: Soldatic Karen , Grech Shaun
Published: March 2016

In this paper we aim to explore the realm of impairment in terms of its politicization under transnational claims for justice. The realm of disability rights and justice has been a central theme in disability analytical inquiry and by disability movement actors engaged in struggles of disability affirmative politics. Within this frame, there has been an increasing amount of disability scholarship and activism at the transnational sphere. In fact, since the ratification of the UNCRPD (2006) greater transnational alliances have become a central feature to advancing disability affirmative claims for rights and justice.  While welcomed, we argue that within the transnational realm, the focus on disability alone critically marginalizes those groups engaging in repertories of action within the logos of impairment as transnational claims for disability justice tend to naturalise impairment and negate the production of impairment under global structural processes of violence. To address this issue, we suggest that the growing scholarship on transnational theorizing and activism within disability needs to respond to these claims for justice and rights. To conclude we argue that transnational theorizing and praxis is in fact, a double move – an affirmative politics of disability rights and justice and a transformative politics of impairment. Keywords: impairment, justice, rights, disability politics, majority world, justice, North–South power relations, Southern epistemologies
Subversive Status: Disability Studies in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland
Authors: Pfahl Lisa , Powell Justin J.W.
Published: March 2016

What activities facilitate the development of disability studies (DS)? What barriers hinder its (multi)disciplinary flourishing? We address these questions focusing on contemporary DS in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland—vibrant but challenging locales for DS. This multidisciplinary field engages intellectuals, activists, and stakeholders to subversively cross disciplinary, institutional, and political divides. Critical DS scholarship relies on collaboration among members of the disability (rights) movement, advocates, and academics to develop its subversive status. Within the academy, despite general barriers to transdisciplinary fields of study and persistent disability discrimination, more positions have been devoted to research and teaching in DS. Intersectionality debates thrive and further disciplines discover the richness that the complex subject of dis/ability offers. The field, recognizing its subversive status and engaging insights from DS worldwide—across language and disciplinary boundaries—could better focus and unfold its critical powers. The potential of DS in the German-speaking countries continues to grow, with diverse conferences, teaching, and publications bolstering the exchange of ideas.Keywords: disability studies, disciplines, discourse, social inequality, Germany, Austria, Switzerland
The View from DSQ
Authors: Brewer Elizabeth , Brueggemann Brenda Jo
Published: March 2016

Analysis of publications in Disability Studies Quarterly between 2000-2012.  Data and discussion concerning:  the number of articles published; the number of articles collaboratively (or individually) authored; the kind and range of fields/disciplines that DSQ-published authors work in; the kind and range of methodologies generating DSQ-published research; the key terms for DSQ publications during this 13-year period (focusing both on titles and keywords). Conclusion summarizes trends and key points from the analysis and suggests a few points of further engagement for the future of Disability Studies.  Keywords: Disability Studies Quarterly; methodologies; disciplines/fields; collaboration
Rethinking Bad Girls
Authors: Walter Madaline
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Review of Recovering Disability in Early Modern England
Authors: Southgate Lara
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Scottish Disability Organizations and Online Media: A Path to Empowerment or “Business as Usual”?
Authors: Trevisan Filippo
Published: March 2016

Can online media help disabled people become more engaged in the organizations that represent their interests in the public arena? Using a combination of Web content analysis and qualitative interviews, this article investigates whether online communications are challenging traditional patterns of power distribution in Scottish disability organizations. Overall, empirical findings only partially matched expectations that member-led groups would be more inclined than ‘professionalized’ charities to embrace interactive online media. Although most groups acknowledged the Internet’s potential to empower disabled users, none of them deliberately pursued that outcome through their respective Web outlets. Instead, conservative views on the Internet prevailed across the entire organizational spectrum. Nonetheless, the analysis revealed also that such ‘minimalistic’ approach to online media was in fact underpinned by very different motives for disability non-profits on one side and self-advocacy groups on the other.
A Global Perspective of Violence Against Women with Disabilities: Evaluating the Response of Pastoral Care and Religious Organizations [WITHDRAWN]
Authors: Hussain Jamie S.
Published: March 2016

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor. (7/25/14)
"People of the Apokalis": Spatial Disability and the Bhopal Disaster
Authors: Kim Jina
Published: March 2016

This paper considers Indra Sinha's Animal's People (2007), a fictional re-telling of the Union Carbide Bhopal disaster, as a productive site of mutual engagement between postcolonial studies and disability studies, two fields rarely in dialogue.  Dominant models of disability, I argue, do not translate to formerly colonial sites and/or sites that bear the burden of global capitalism.  The uneven processes of globalization—which produce disabling environments—necessitate that we revise established conceptions of disability, which are derived largely from US/UK contexts.  I explore a socio-spatial model that emphasizes the necessity of specific locational axes in figurations of disability.  This enables more flexible understandings of embodiment, which may shift and be shifted by the particularities of space.  A victim of the disaster, Animal--the novel's protagonist--navigates Bhopal’s streets on all fours.  His unique spatial imaginary, contingent on his particular form of embodiment, produces a local and embodied knowledge that foregrounds points of convergence between anti-colonial, anti-capitalist, and disability politics. Keywords: postcolonialism, globalization, Bhopal India, Union Carbide, neoliberalism, transnational, contemporary English literature, industrial disaster, environmental studies
Employment Accommodations for People with Disabilities: Does Gender Really Matter?
Authors: Hartnett Helen P , Tower Leslie , Harper Crystal , Lech Jessica , Rubin Candice , Hirsh Ann
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires employersto provide reasonable accommodations for any qualified individual with adisability. By examining the ongoing evaluation data from the Job AccommodationNetwork (JAN), this study seeks to investigate whether or not genderdifferences are present in the reasonable accommodation process. Open andclosed-ended data are collected using a 20-minute structured telephoneinterview of JAN customers (n= 1,247; 44% response rate). The results show veryfew differences between men’s and women’s accommodation request types, whetheror not accommodations were granted, the costs of requested accommodations, andsatisfaction with JAN. A significant difference, however, was found by genderon the effectiveness of the accommodation.  Key Words: Accommodations, Disabilities, Gender, Employment, Social Work Practice
Scoping Review of the Americans with Disabilities Act: What Research Exists, and Where do we go from Here?
Authors: Parker Harris Sarah , Gould Robert , Ojok Patrick , Fujiura Glenn , Jones Robin , Olmstead IV Avery
Published: March 2016

A broad range of research on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) tracks its progress and impact. Much of the research is inconclusive or conflicting, creating a fragmented evidence base about the ADA’s effectiveness as a social policy. In response, academic researchers and disability organizations have called for an extensive review of the existing research. To address this fragmentation, the University of Washington has begun a five year project systematically reviewing the ADA research as part of the ADA Knowledge Translation Center at the University of Washington . This article reports results from year one of the project, the scoping review, that will assist in identifying a research plan to inform policy and practice.Keywords: ADA, systematic review, scoping review, policy analysis
“How well one has to be, to be ill!”: Work, Pain, and the Discourse of Neurasthenia in The Diary of Alice James
Authors: Rushford-Spence Shawna
Published: March 2016

Neurasthenia, though no longer diagnosed today, was an illness that was commonly diagnosed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was an umbrella category that encompassed all manner of somatic and psychosomatic ailments. In order to make this disease more palatable to the American public, Dr. George Miller Beard constructed an economic metaphor, in which people had certain amounts of “nerve-force” that could be saved or spent and, when overspent, could result in “nervous bankruptcy.” My essay analyzes The Diary of Alice James from a disability studies perspective in order to how Alice James uses this economic terminology rhetorically to reclaim her subjectivity, to characterize disability as central to identity, to disrupt the narrative of disability as global incapacity, and to configure pain (rather than illness itself) as work.Keywords: neurasthenia, "rest cure," invalid, discourse, nervous, nerve-force, and "nervous bankruptcy"
Report from the Field: Follow Up
Authors: Battistella Linamara Rizzo , Ramos Vinicius Delgado
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Reflections and Explorations of Passing
Authors: Selznick Hilary
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Editor's Introduction
Authors: Henderson Bruce
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
If You Don’t Know Me by Now: The Failure of Care in “Bartleby, The Scrivener”
Authors: Nixon Kari
Published: March 2016

"Bartleby, the Scrivener" is one of the most haunting tales of the nineteenth century. Criticism has centered on analysis of both the narrator and Bartleby himself, taking up the question of whether or not the narrator ultimately fulfills his moral obligations to Bartleby. I believe an approach to the story, however, which takes as its starting point a critique of the medical model of disability helps elucidate this issue. This approach makes it clear that given his situation in a world which values a medically inspired model of understanding difference, the narrator, benevolent as he may be, can never do enough for Bartleby, because, given this situation, he can never ask the right questions of Bartleby or posit appropriate solutions for him. I conclude my argument with a consideration of critical complicity in this issue as critics attempt to classify Bartleby, thereby following in the narrator's misguided footsteps.
Unsmoothing the Cyborg: Technology and the Body in Integrated Dance
Authors: Quinlan Margaret M. , Bates Benjamin R.
Published: March 2016

Contemporary cyborg theory tends to approach the integration of human bodies and technology innovations as if the cyborg were a unified whole. And, because of the potential of the cyborg body to help ameliorate disability, the cyborg has been suggested as a way to restore function to individuals living with disabilities. We investigate the deployment of the cyborg integrated dance company using theoretical concepts provided by Gilles Deleuze. Rather than observing a smoothly integrated whole, our ethnographic research reveals tensions within the cyborg body. Our analysis revealed three types of creative/reactive forces. Each of these forces comes from the effects/functions of the three striations of the cyborg body: (1) the effects/functions from the machine stria; (2) those from the human stria; and (3) those from the animal stria. Although together these striae constitute the assemblage of the cyborg, as each one takes on greater intensity such that the others are of decreased intensity, the hybridized whole of the cyborg becomes less functional as one is becoming-machine, becoming-human, or becoming-animal.
Education for Students with Intellectual Disabilities in Kenya: Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Chomba M.J. , Mukuria S.G. , Kariuki P.W. , Tumuti S. , Bunyasi B.A.
Published: March 2016

Kenya has great potential for enhancing education for individuals with intellectual disabilities. The fact that it has recognized the need to care for learners with special needs is commendable. In comparison to many African countries, Kenya and Nigeria are ahead in developing programs for special education in institutions of higher learning, and in starting schools and units for special education. However, a legal mandate is still required as it would seal many loopholes that currently exist. Without it, the assessment of individual with intellectual disabilities cannot be administered correctly and professionally. In this article, the authors present a coherent account on various aspects related to learners with intellectual disabilities in Kenya. No doubt, the issues and challenges identified call for attention by not only the government of Kenya but also those interested in improving the status of learners with intellectual disabilities.
Perceptions of disability among parents of children with disabilities in Nicaragua: Implications for future opportunities and health care access
Authors: Matt Susan B
Published: March 2016

The purposes of this study were to explore caregiver perceptions of the origin of their children's disabilities, aspirations for their children's future, and the frequency with which they sought health care and rehabilitation services for their children with disabilities. A qualitative descriptive design using face-to-face semi-structured interviews of 13 caregivers of children with disabilities was employed. Caregivers cited biomedical explanations, as well as beliefs in superstitious, traditional, and religious-based causes of disability. Respondents reported limited access to medical care and rehabilitation services. Nevertheless, caregivers have hope for their children's futures. Increased global medical volunteer involvement has the potential to improve access to care and rehabilitation services.
An Examination of Violence Practiced against Disabled Brazilians in Relation to Sustainable Development
Authors: Kirakosyan Lyusyena
Published: March 2016

Although there are no national data and statistics regarding violence against disabled citizens in Brazil, findings from a number of small-scale research studies suggest that it is a problem of considerable magnitude. This article draws on the existing literature on violence and oppression, empirical studies on violence against disabled people in Brazil and interviews with a sample of disabled Brazilians to argue that the most prevalent forms of violence in the nation are subtle and concealed forms of oppression that reproduce discriminatory power structures in Brazilian society. Such power structures prevent the developing world in general and Brazil in particular from securing democratic and sustainable development in the post-2015 era, when disadvantaged people must be at the center. The analysis is organized in three parts. First, I outline briefly the main issues in defining impairment, disability and violence, since these represent political choices that shape policy decisions. Second, I analyze the forms of violence that affect disabled Brazilians and the relationships and institutions that create and sustain them. Third, I describe and evaluate the government's key current strategies aimed at addressing violence against disabled Brazilians. The purpose here is to suggest ways in which violence against disabled Brazilians can be addressed in public policies as a sustainable development issue and thus help close the "gap" between disabled and nondisabled populations to create truly sustainable democratic societies that honor human dignity.
“I be Dawg”: Intellectual Disability and the Animal Other in the Works of William Faulkner
Authors: Larson S. A.
Published: March 2016

There is a considerable dearth of criticism that applies the critical lens of Disability Studies to the works of William Faulkner. This paper hopes to contribute to the discourse on Faulkner and disability by using a Disability Studies prospective to explore the intersection of intellectual disability and the psychological coping mechanism of dehumanization in the novels Sanctuary and The Hamlet. In both novels, characters with intellectual disabilities are depicted as animals. This paper argues that Faulkner's normate characters use dehumanization to marginalize, neglect, and even abuse characters with intellectual disabilities. However, the act of dehumanization has the paradoxical effect of calling attention to the humanity and sentience of characters with intellectual disabilities.
Changing Times: Self-disclosure and the Representational Styles of Legislators with Physical Disabilities
Authors: Scotch Richard K. , Friedman Sally
Published: March 2016

As a number of factors have produced more opportunities for people with disabilities, entry into the political arena is a logical consequence. Questions about what challenges such individuals will face as politicians and how they will choose to "represent" and focus on disability concerns become paramount. We profile the disability-oriented activities of two politicians (Bob Dole and James Langevin) representative of different cultural eras in the disability rights movement. Despite differences in constituencies and ideologies, findings suggest, as has been true for other underrepresented groups, politicians with disabilities will be more likely to represent disability issues. Because Langevin has been more public than Dole about disclosing aspects of his disability, findings also highlight the impact of a changed cultural context, a member's background, personality and other circumstances on aspects of his political activity.
Determining “Best Interests” in End-of-Life Decisions for the Developmentally Disabled: Minnesota State Guardians and Wards
Authors: Schuster Mary Lay , Russell Ann L. , Bartels Dianne , Kelly-Trombley Holli
Published: March 2016

Abstract In this article, we report the results of a study of 129 case files and 16 guardian interviews on end-of-life decision making for Minnesota state wards who are developmentally disabled and are seldom competent to assert their wishes. We review the legal cases, legislative statutes, and professional standards that guide public guardians in deciding whether to begin, continue, or withdraw or withhold life-sustaining medical treatment from their wards. In particular, we reveal how the guardians' recommendations to the state Public Guardianship Administrator include such ableist assumptions as "normal," "natural," and "reasonable," but we also recognize the guardians' resistance to mind/body dichotomies and their expertise in determining quality of life in the context of how their wards live those lives.
Review of The Politics of Race, Class, and Special Education: The Selected Works of Sally Tomlinson
Authors: Connor David J.
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
The Replaceable Fetus: A Reflection on Abortion and Disability
Authors: Manninen Bertha Alvarez
Published: March 2016

Although I self-identify as pro-choice, I do believe certain instances of abortion can be classified as, in Judith Jarvis Thomson's words, indecent. This paper explores one such case and uses it as a lens for a wider discussion on the moral dimensions of aborting due to fetal disability. Using virtue ethics as my foundational framework, I argue that while some cases of aborting due to fetal disability need not manifest vicious character traits, some very well may. In particular, I am concerned with cases where fetuses that had been thus far welcomed and loved by their respective community are suddenly regarded as candidates for abortion simply because they may have been diagnosed with a disability. That is, I am worried about cases where disability is deemed sufficient grounds for dehumanizing a being who had been, up until that point, embraced.
“You’re such a good friend”: A woven autoethnographic narrative discussion of disability and friendship in Higher Education
Authors: Castrodale Mark Anthony , Zingaro Daniel
Published: March 2016

In this article, the authors discuss friendship as a method of qualitative inquiry. After defining friendship and positing it as a kind of fieldwork, the methodological foundations of friendship as method are established (Tillmann-Healy, 2003). The purpose of this narrative woven autoethnographic study is to examine the role of friendship in describing disabling physical and attitudinal access barriers in a university setting. Friendship represents a critical analytic lens through which disabled/nondisabled individuals alike may examine their positions, understandings, regimes of practices, and particular knowledges. Friends —Mark and Dan — discuss their experiences of disablement and reflections on dis/ability. The authors draw from their experiences of friendship and disability in higher education and their allied identities to discuss and examine questions of access, disclosure, and inclusion.
Legendary LD: Learning Disabilities, Creativity, and Social Class
Authors: Hale Chris
Published: March 2016

In this paper I draw on several data sources to make the case that the attribution of superior creative resources and related alternative and/or enhanced cognitive styles to Learning disabilities (LD) was embedded within the original conception of LD and continues to be propagated by many in the LD community. I conclude by offering an exploration of the political/ethical consequences of this discursive practice.
Disability and eLearning: Opportunities and Barriers
Authors: Kent Mike
Published: March 2016

This paper explores the current rising rates of online learning in higher education. It examines how disability is activated differently online and the impact of this on learning and teaching through the internet and the accessibility of two of the most popular learning management systems, Blackboard and Moodle, and the different approaches, benefits and problems associated with each system. It then explores the eLearning environment beyond the structure of a LMS to a broader digital campus that includes social networks, video hosting sites and micro blogging, where students and staff are increasingly expanding the learning and social environment in higher education. It also questions the legal and moral responsibilities of universities to make all their online activities accessible to all students, regardless of disability.
Reading "The Disappearing Trick" One Last Time
Authors: Scott Nancy
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Listen and Speak: Power-Knowledge-Truth and Cochlear Implants in Toronto
Authors: Edelist Tracey
Published: March 2016

Cochlear implants and auditory-verbal therapy are the latest techniques and technologies used to make deaf people learn to listen and speak. This paper provides a genealogical analysis of the Cochlear Implant Program at SickKids Hospital in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and shows how this program exemplifies the medicalization of deafness while denying deaf children the opportunity to learn sign language. Using Foucault's concept of governmentality, the relations between power, knowledge, truth and their influences on the program's practices are revealed in order to provide insight into Canadian society's conceptions of deafness. This analysis reveals the Cochlear Implant Program as a capitalist establishment that is supported by unquestioned reverence of modern medicine and technology, oriented by a quest for normalcy. The paper concludes by encouraging members of the Deaf community and their supporters to challenge the hegemony of normalcy by utilizing alternate research-based knowledge-truths of cochlear implants and sign language.
Autism, Art and the World Behind the World: Adventures in Neurodiverse Communication.
Authors: White Brent , Boue Sonia
Published: March 2016

Pioneering autistic, neurodiverse language and communication styles the author’s explore the poetic potency of non-linear and non-verbal phenomena in neurodiverse interpersonal relationships. In doing so, they allow the linear thinker to experience challenge in reading, for which equivalencies can be sought in the challenges of social pragmatics for autistics. Within this experience of challenge the authors suggest the possibility of new empathic encounters with autistic and neurodiverse minds for a neurotypical readership. The authors further allow for autistic and neurodiverse readers to find reflections of difference with the potential to enable and empower. The use of social media comment facilities to provide meeting points, which may not be possible in real time, are also posited as access. Equivalences are sought across neurological difference which invite the reader to engage with a ‘stepping into’ of new cognitive and sensory spaces. These spaces exist on the borders of neurotypical experience and are here termed liminal - their character is fully investigated, and the authors determine that in their own excavations into these joint territories.  They find evidence for the requirements for true engagement and connection with neurological difference, including technological access (meaning the absence of real time obstacles), a willingness to step into new and challenging spaces on the part of others, and egalitarian values at an interpersonal level.  Object art, the absence of real time contact and mutual respect in this very particular case are seen to open up a World Behind the World.
Beyond A Beautiful Mind: Schizophrenia and Bioethics in the Classroom
Authors: Donaldson Elizabeth J.
Published: March 2016

This essay focuses on specific teaching assignments, strategies, and resources designed to help undergraduate students think critically about key concepts in bioethics—such as autonomy, paternalism, informed consent, and competency—using examples and case studies involving people diagnosed with schizophrenia. The assignments described below are disability-rights inspired interventions into the students' career-focused mindsets and training; one of my main strategies is social decentering, or having students examine a situation from a variety of theoretical and subjective perspectives. Exposing students to online talks by people diagnosed with schizophrenia and similar primary sources helps those students without first-hand experience to better understand these different points of view. While these assignments are primarily geared toward bioethics classes, they include resources and ideas for class activities that might be useful in other courses within disability studies, mad studies, psychiatry, literature, or film.
Developing and Reflecting on a Black Disability Studies Pedagogy: Work from the National Black Disability Coalition
Authors: Dunhamn Jane , Harris Jerome , Jarrett Shancia , Moore Leroy , Nishida Akemi , Price Margaret , Robinson Britney , Schalk Sami
Published: March 2016

This collection of writing has grown from the work of the National Black Disability Coalition, led by Jane Dunhamn and Leroy Moore. The Coalition met on June 7, 2013, in the historic Shiloh Baptist Church in Trenton, New Jersey to discuss the future of Black Disability Studies (BDS). Since that time, members of the Coalition have written an outline for a BDS course, presented at conferences, and developed strategies to incorporate BDS into the disciplines of Black Studies and Disability Studies. We have also reflected deeply on what the introduction of BDS will mean, both for Black Studies and for disability studies.Our writings in this collection are intended to mark the work of the National Black Disability Coalition thus far, but also to provide a platform from which further work in BDS can grow. By underscoring the development and potential of BDS, this article articulates the need for BDS within mainstream disability studies, and advocates for BDS not to be taken as a marginalized special-topic course, but rather to be engaged in every and at the heart of Disability Studies courses and pedagogies. Although we believe that BDS should be integrated into every Disability Studies course, we recognize that, like disability itself, it cannot simply be “added and stirred”; rather, the inclusion of BDS is a paradigm-shifting change. The pieces included in this collection are enactments of an ongoing conversation--a conversation that we hope the readers of Disability Studies Quarterly will join thoughtfully.The sections comprise statements from the leaders of the National Black Disability Coalition, Jane Dunhamn and Leroy Moore; reflective writings from three instructors and two students of Black Disability Studies; and a copy of the course outline.
A Collaborative Disability Studies-based Undergraduate Art Project at Two Universities
Authors: Derby John , Karr Valerie
Published: March 2016

In this manuscript, we discuss research findings from a collaborative visual arts curricular unit on ableism, which we implemented in non-Disability Studies undergraduate courses at two universities during the 2012-2013 academic year. Our project builds on previous research in which we (Derby, 2015, in press; Karr & Weida, 2013) began adding Disability Studies arts pedagogy to our undergraduate coursework. For this project, we developed a shared unit, which we implemented in a general freshman seminar course, an introductory art teaching methods course, and an upper level art education course on applied technology. Utilizing a pedagogy of transformation, we engaged students with shared resources, including lectures, readings, and videos on Disability Studies and ableism; the project culminated with each student producing and exhibiting both an artwork and an artist's statement. After reviewing the literature and describing the project and research methods, we provide a nuanced discussion of the data, especially the artwork. The data indicate that our students, who were previously unexposed to ableism, conceptualized ableism at least on an elementary level, with many students demonstrating advanced conceptualization of ableism in one or more of three categories. Our findings suggest that integrating Disability Studies into non-Disability Studies curricula on a small scale can be useful, but that results are limited by the complexities of disability. The success of the project indicates that incorporating Disability Studies into standard curricula through a pedagogy of transformation can reach typical college students who are unfamiliar with Disability Studies concepts.
Teaching with Trauma: Disability Pedagogy, Feminism, and the Trigger Warnings Debate
Authors: Carter Angela M.
Published: March 2016

Recently, a heated debate has risen in Academia following numerous student initiatives petitions for the formal incorporation of rigger warnings in course syllabi. When contextualized within the intersecting politics of disability and feminist pedagogies, a number of fundamental contentions within this debate become apparent. First, grave misunderstandings remain regarding about practices of accommodation and the possibility of establishing the classroom as a “safe space.” Second, resistance within the academy to understand trauma as a pedagogical issue illustrate a failure to consider experiences of and responses to trauma as issues of disability (in)justice. Through an exploration of these issues, it becomes evident that the conflicting approaches to trauma in the classroom demand the more integrated, collaborative praxis of a “Feminist Disability Studies Pedagogy” (FDSP). When approached through this hybrid pedagogy, the conversation shifts from whether we should use trigger warnings, to why trauma itself is an imperative social justice issue within our classrooms.
Exploring Partnership Work as a Form of Transformative Education: "You do your yapping and I just add in my stuff"
Authors: Greenstein Anat , Blyth Craig , Blunt Christopher , Eardley Clarence , Frost Louise , Hughes Richard , Perry Barbara , Townson Louise
Published: March 2016

This paper details the work of a group of learning disabled people (people with intellectual disabilities) who contribute to the teaching of students undertaking a degree program at one of the UK's most elite universities. Traditional notions relating to knowledge production within academia are examined and we demonstrate how the participation of learning disabled people in classroom teaching challenges these. Drawing on the work of Freire (1972) the paper demonstrates how co-teaching by learning disabled people has a transformative impact on educational experiences. Finally, the current changes impacting the UK higher education sector are detailed and we explore how these changes are negatively impacting on courses that seek to move away from traditional approaches to pedagogy.
Embodiment, Environment, Disability Culture: Learning to Feel Ourselves in Space
Authors: Kuppers Petra
Published: March 2016

In this short montage essay, I am sharing different student and teacher perspectives on a pedagogical exercise that allows us to relearn being in space. The exercise confounds conventional disability simulation exercises, imaging ourselves to be different than who we are, by substituting an experience of who we are already, perceived differently, with a more mindful attention.
Assignment: Disability & Open Letters
Authors: Vidali Amy
Published: March 2016

This assignment describes how students can "speak back" to problematic disability representations through writing open letters. A short introduction, reading list, and assignment are supplied.
Introduction
Authors: Ben-Moshe Liat , Day Allyson , Ferris Jim , Nielsen Kim
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Announcement: Tyler Rigg Award Winner
Authors: Rembis Michael
Published: March 2016

No abstract available
Introduction to the Special Issue on the Americans with Disabilities Act
Authors: Scotch Richard K.
Published: March 2016

This introduction provides an overview of the articles included in the Special Issue.
Unequal Treatment or Uneven Consequence: A Content Analysis of Americans with Disabilities Act Title I Disparate Impact Cases from 1992 – 2012
Authors: Johnston Sara P.
Published: March 2016

This study identified patterns and trends of litigation in all reported U.S. Appellate Court ADA cases charged under the theory of disparate impact (unintentional discrimination) from 1992 through 2012. The results produced four themes: accommodation(s); workplace culture, norms, and policies; judicial process; and policy space; and three relationships: gap-filling, weighing and balancing, and maintaining status quo versus effecting social change. The results may provide information about the types of workplace policies and procedures that are most frequently litigated. Disability scholars, advocates, and practitioners may be able to use the information to develop education and outreach strategies for employers on best practices for hiring, accommodating, and promoting employees with disabilities. The results may also be used to educate and inform advocates about the process of litigation. A greater understanding of how judges make decisions in a subset of ADA cases may increase employees with disabilities' ability to self-advocate in the workplace.
Access for All! Neuro-architecture and Equal Enjoyment of Public Facilities
Authors: Gillen Victoria
Published: March 2016

Since the enactment of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA, 1990), many impaired Americans are no longer disabled by socially condoned conditions in the built environment. However, many people with cognitive and neurological impairments continue to face significant barriers to access, due to disabling environmental hyper-sensitivity and sensory processing disorders. These people are equally protected under the ADA, therefore mitigation is required. Neuroarchitecture, where consideration of the impact of the built environment on the central nervous system informs design paradigms, must complement current ADA compliance guidelines. This paper serves to open the topic to discussion, and is a call for attention, and action, for the removal of these generally unrecognized barriers to access and the equal use and enjoyment of public facilities.
Leveling the Playing Field: Perspectives of People with Disabilities on Reasonable Accommodations Received to Engage in Public Recreation
Authors: Devine Mary Ann
Published: March 2016

According to the ADA, people with disabilities have the right to participate in public park and recreation services. Important gains in their access to activities of their choosing since the ADA was written into law, in part due to individuals being able to request reasonable accommodations. The purpose of this study was to understand the perspectives of people with disabilities who participate in public park and recreation services on whether their accommodation needs are met and if they are effective in facilitating meaningful recreation experiences. Participants reported requesting reasonable accommodations was a way to exercise civil rights and gain access to meaningful recreation activities. They also reported a duality in requesting accommodations in that they were met with confusion, lack of understanding, and reluctance. It is recommended that the park and recreation profession undergo a paradigm shift and embrace making reasonable accommodations as an important professional skill.
Errant Bodies: Relational Aesthetics, Digital Communication, and the Autistic Analogy
Authors: Pasek Anne
Published: March 2016

This paper addresses growing anxieties over the past two decades within media studies and visual art concerning the negative effects of technological sociality. Noting the recurrent use of the language of cognitive impairments—particularly that of autism—in appraisals of mediated relational deficits, this paper investigates the parallel production of ability and disability within privileged models of relationality and its aesthetics. Rather than attempting to police or restore valorized forms and practices of interpersonal exchange, I call for a more inclusive approach to relationality predicated upon a disability studies approach. Looking specifically to the Second Life performance works of Eva and Franco Mattes, I argue that technologically-produced social impairments can be productively approached as sites of alternative and adaptive relationalities.