bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treści kulturowe w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego na poziomach B2–C2
Authors: Łukaszewicz Barbara
Published: September 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie preferencji cudzoziemców uczących się języka polskiego na najwyższych poziomach zaawansowania w zakresie: (1) zainteresowania kulturą polską, (2) obszarów tematycznych związanych z kulturą polską, (3) sposobów nauczania kultury polskiej na zajęciach oraz (4) sposobów poznawania jej przez ankietowanych poza lekcjami języka polskiego. Opisano wyniki badania ankietowego przeprowadzonego wśród 150 obcokrajowców uczestniczących w kursach grupowych na poziomach B2, C1 i C2 w wybranych, rodzimych ośrodkach akademickich w 2022 roku. Wyniki badania świadczą o chęci zgłębiania zagadnień związanych przede wszystkim z życiem codziennym, nauką i pracą oraz państwem i społeczeństwem, a także o pozytywnym stosunku ankietowanych do wykorzystywania metody podawczej w rozwijaniu kompetencji (między) kulturowej i do dyskusji na tematy kulturowe prowadzonych z innymi uczącymi się w trakcie lekcji. Większość ankietowanych poznaje kulturę polską poprzez lekturę książek i komunikowanie się z rodzimymi użytkownikami polszczyzny w miejscach publicznych. Wykorzystanie wyników badania może przyczynić się do rozwoju dyskusji dotyczącej różnicowania materiału kulturowego na lekcjach języka polskiego jako obcego w zależności od poziomu zaawansowania uczących się.
Motywacja czy rozczarowanie: powody, dla których tajwańscy studenci uczą się (?) języka polskiego
Authors: Tsai Natalia
Published: September 2024

Przedmiotem niniejszego stadium przypadku jest motywacja dwojga tajwańskich studentów do nauki języka polskiego. Należy rozpatrywać je w szerszym kontekście dydaktyki języków innych niż angielski w miejscu zdominowanym przez tenże. Jak dotąd niewiele wiadomo na temat powodów, dla których Tajwańczycy uczą się polskiego, jako że wcześniejsze badania z zakresu jpjo nie uwzględniały tej grupy, zaś miejscowi badacze to przede wszystkim angliści. Celem badania było (1) ustalenie, jakie czynniki motywują, a jakie zniechęcają tajwańskich studentów do nauki polskiego, (2) lepsze zrozumienie tutejszego szkolnictwa, oraz (3) sformułowanie wskazówek dla stron zaangażowanych w nauczanie języków obcych w tej części świata. Dane zebrano za pośrednictwem kwestionariuszy i wywiadów. Analiza wypowiedzi studentów ujawniła znaczny rozdźwięk pomiędzy deklarowanym poziomem motywacji a faktycznymi osiągnięciami w tej materii. Wśród czynników motywujących oboje badanych znalazła się między innymi potrzeba wyjątkowości i wywarcia wrażenia na innych, a także dostrzegane podobieństwa między dwoma krajami. Nie zniechęcał ich ani fakt, że wiedza ich rodaków na temat Polski jest znikoma, ani mało korzystny wizerunek Polaków, z jakim przyszło im się zetknąć. W artykule dołożono starań, aby wyjaśnić istniejące nieporozumienia co do tego, czym jest nauka języka i ilu wymaga starań. Mimo obecności jedynie dwojga uczestników ukazuje on sedno problemów, z jakim zmaga się obecnie edukacja językowa na Tajwanie.
Podejście działaniowe a rozwój (nie tylko) cudzoziemców uczących się języka polskiego jako obcego – na przykładzie spektaklu „Pieśń lasu”
Authors: Biernacka Michalina
Published: September 2024

Artykuł prezentuje projekt dydaktyczny, realizowany zgodnie z ideą podejścia ukierunkowanego na działanie, jakim było wystawienie przez studentów ukraińskich zaadaptowanej sztuki Łesi Ukrainki pt. Pieśń lasu. Opisano zarówno przyczyny, cele i poszczególne fazy projektu, jak i proces jego ewaluacji. Za pomocą ankiety przebadano opinie uczestników działania (studentów kierunku studia polskie z językiem angielskim, polskich studentów i wykładowców) na temat korzyści, jakie im przyniósł. Na podstawie zgromadzonych danych wykazano pozytywne wpływy tego wydarzenia na rozwój natury poznawczej, międzykulturowej, intelektualnej, społecznej i emocjonalnej zaangażowanych uczestników, a także jego promocyjny charakter.
Język polski jako obcy w Republice Korei – nowa seria podręczników (2019–2022)
Authors: Hajduk-Gawron Wioletta , Przyklenk Joanna
Published: September 2024

W artykule przedstawiono serię podręczników, jaka powstała w ramach projektu wspierającego edukację rzadkich języków obcych w Korei Południowej. Jej prezentacja została poprzedzona przeglądowym omówieniem publikacji, które w XXI wieku przygotowano dla odbiorcy koreańskiego uczącego się języka polskiego jako obcego. Zwróciwszy uwagę na zainteresowanie współczesnej glottodydaktyki nauczaniem kontrastywnym, autorki przybliżyły specyfikę podręczników kierowanych do odbiorców koreańskojęzycznych, swoje rozważania sytuując w szerszym kontekście – zarówno historycznym (tj. uwzględniając kontekst powstania opisywanych publikacji), jak i glottodydaktycznym. Badaczki podjęły próbę swego rodzaju kategoryzacji podręczników, wskazując na cztery typy dominujące we współczesnych materiałach glottodydaktycznych. W artykule przybliżono model mieszany [Model 4], w obrębie którego powstałe publikacje współtworzą rodzimy użytkownik języka nauczanego oraz rodzimy użytkownik języka osób uczących się. Następnie zaprezentowano, mieszczące się w tym modelu, cztery pozycje nowej serii podręczników przeznaczonych dla poziomów: A1, A2, B1, B2, przygotowanej w latach 2019–2022 przez pracowników i współpracowników Katedry Studiów Polskich na Hankuk University of Foreign Studies w Seulu.
Czy to panią/pana boli? – nauczanie języka polskiego medycznego studentów na poziomach A1–A2
Authors: Kubacka Kamila
Published: September 2024

Artykuł porusza kwestie definiowania specjalistycznego języka medycznego i nauczania go na poziomach A1–A2 w grupach wielonarodowościowych na lektoracie języka polskiego na uczelni medycznej, ukazując jednocześnie problemy i trudności z tym związane. Omówione w nim zostały poszczególne etapy tworzenia kursu języka specjalistycznego, od profilu słuchacza będącego studentem anglojęzycznym i analizy jego potrzeb, aż po konkretne sposoby wprowadzania leksyki medycznej, niezbędnej już na wczesnym etapie znajomości języka polskiego dla względnej swobody komunikacyjnej w kontakcie z pacjentem polskojęzycznym. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, iż wprowadzanie języka specjalistycznego jest możliwe już na poziomach A1–A2, jak również zwrócenie uwagi na problemy lektoratów języków specjalistycznych – brak narzędzi, materiałów i szkoleń niezbędnych do przygotowania autorskich propozycji kursów specjalistycznych.
Documento 6: El rol de los medios de comunicación
Authors: Guerra Hugo , Álvarez Rodrich Augusto , Iglesias Juan Pablo , Toro Juan Pablo
Published: September 2024

El Instituto de Estudios Internacionales (IDEI) de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y el Instituto de Estudios Internacionales de la Universidad de Chile, con el apoyo de la Fundación Konrad Adenauer, venimos desde hace cuatro años organizando encuentros alternadamente en Lima y en Santiago, entre diferentes miembros de la sociedad peruana y chilena, con el propósito de proponer formas y mecanismos de mejorar las relaciones bilaterales entre ambos países. Asimismo, en el marco de este proyecto denominado “Generación de Diálogo Perú-Chile / ChilePerú”, hemos venido publicando en estos años diversos textos sobre esta temática. Así, en una primera publicación abordamos diversas experiencias sobre procesos de paz y buena vecindad; una segunda publicación estuvo referida a los aspectos históricos de la relación mientras que la tercera estuvo dedicada al análisis de los aspectos económicos y comerciales. Posteriormente, se elaboró un cuarto texto sobre los aspectos migratorios y un quinto relacionado al ámbito de la defensa y la seguridad. En esta oportunidad, gracias al apoyo del Instituto Internacional para la Democracia y la Asistencia Electoral (IDEA), podemos presentar nuestra sexta publicación referida al rol que pueden cumplir los medios de comunicación en el fortalecimiento de la relación peruano-chilena. Se trata de cuatro estudios elaborados por prestigiosos hombres de prensa del Perú y Chile, como son: Hugo Guerra, “El rol de la prensa peruana y chilena como agentes de paz, reflejo de una coherente actitud ética y moral”; Juan Pablo Iglesias, “Desde el otro lado del espejo”; Augusto Álvarez Rodrich, “Medios peruanos y la relación con Chile”; y Juan Pablo Toro, “¿Hechos libres, opiniones sagradas? Trabajando las imágenes en nuestras mentes”. Sin duda, estamos ante un nuevo esfuerzo de este proyecto y de sus integrantes, por ofrecer ideas y alternativas que permitan construir una relación distinta entre el Perú y Chile, basada en la confianza y la cooperación.
Premio 2021: Integración y Buena Vecindad Chile-Perú / Perú-Chile
Authors: Arhuata Suca Cinthya , Retamal Gutiérrez Vanessa , Rogaler Wilson Tomás , Sánchez Velásquez David , Sánchez Yaringaño Ralph , Serrano Herrera Carolina
Published: September 2024

La publicación que en esta oportunidad se ofrece a la comunidad académica y al público en general es resultado de una de las iniciativas más valiosas del Proyecto Generación de Diálogo Chile Perú/Perú- Chile, que desarrollan hace ya once años el Instituto de Estudios Internacionales (IDEI) de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú y el Instituto de Estudios Internacionales de la Universidad de Chile (IEI), con el valioso apoyo de la Fundación Konrad Adenauer (KAS). A lo largo de estos años, son diversas las contribuciones hechas por este grupo para la construcción de una nueva relación entre ambos países, basada en la confianza y el mutuo entendimiento. Como parte de este esfuerzo, hace cinco años se viene realizando un programa de pasantías, que permite a jóvenes chilenos y peruanos viajar al otro país para profundizar en algún área específica de la relación bilateral como también para conocer al otro, estimulando el encuentro entre investigadores convencidos de la necesidad de consolidar una relación mutuamente beneficiosa. Resultado de esta pasantía de investigación, se lleva a cabo un concurso en cada país, donde se seleccionan los mejores trabajos para ser publicados, los mismos que componen este volumen y que reflejan aproximaciones desde perspectivas muy diversas a temas vitales para la relación bilateral. Así tenemos los estudios ganadores: “Oportunidades de una alianza estratégica entre el Perú y Chile en torno al hidrógeno verde” de Cinthya Arhuata, “Análisis comparativo de los mecanismos de participación ciudadana en la Administración Local de Chile y Perú: lecciones para robustecer la democracia” de Vannesa Retamal Gutiérrez, “Incorporación de la perspectiva de género en las políticas de reactivación económica post COVID-19: Casos de Perú y Chile” de Tomás Rogaler Wilson, “Retorno a casa: La cooperación para la restitución de bienes culturales entre Chile y el Perú” de David Sánchez Velásquez, “E-COMMERCE y los retos de la protección al consumidor peruano y chileno” de Ralph Sánchez Yaringaño, y “Cooperación chileno-peruana entre agencias de protección a la libre competencia: Una herramienta clave para la persecución de la colusión internacional” de Carolina Serrano Herrera. Para las instituciones involucradas en el Proyecto Generación de Diálogo es vital la apertura de espacios a las nuevas generaciones que pueden representar un salto cualitativo hacia la construcción de nuevas dinámicas, con una visión prospectiva de la relación entre Chile y Perú.
Retos al identificar una especie de ascidia
Authors:   Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste S.C., Moreno-Dávila Betzabé , Huato Soberanis Leonardo ,   Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste S.C.
Published: September 2024

Las ascidias son un grupo de animales marinos poco conocidos; sin embargo, las podemos encontrar en todos los ambientes marinos, principalmente pegados a los pilares de muelles, boyas y en rocas. Estos organismos que no parecen animales tienen un impacto significativo por dos razones: 1) forman parte de un grupo de organismos que se les denomina fauna incrustante, porque se pegan a superficies asociadas al rubro marítimo; muelles, barcos, diques, etc. y así pueden viajar de una región a otra en donde pueden generar invasiones con fuertes impactos económicos; y 2) en la investigación médica por su capacidad de producir metabolitos secundarios que han llegado a ser sintetizados en la industria farmacéutica para la producción de medicamentos contra varios tipos de cáncer. En este artículo expondremos el proceso de identificación de una especie de ascidia encontrada en la ensenada de La Paz.
Kościół klasztorny wrocławskich dominikanek w czasach średniowiecznych – wystrój, wyposażenie i jego funkcje
Authors: Patała Agnieszka
Published: September 2024

The aim of this article is to reconstruct and discuss the medieval decoration and furnishings of the Dominican Nuns’ Church in Wroclaw, which have survived in a residual state and are stored in dispersed form in the museum collections of Wroclaw, Warsaw and Torun. Particular attention was given to the fragments of the monumental wall painting decoration of the presbytery discovered in 1975, as well as relics of painting and sculpture, comprising: the wings of the polyptych with Marian scenes and representations of saints, and a painting of the Madonna in the Glory (National Museum in Wroclaw), a sculpture of St. Catherine attributed to the workshop of Jakob Beinhart (National Museum in Warsaw) and two wings with the Passion scenes (from the collection of the National Museum in Warsaw, on display at the District Museum in Torun).
The interpretation of the function and significance of the works in question, taking into account both the optics of the nuns and the perspective of the visiting faithful, both of whom were spiritually guided by the Dominican friars, was carried out not only in the context of the history of the Wroclaw convent, but also in relation to other nunneries. It is also a necessary measure given the fact that no trace of a library – which must have existed in the facilities inquestion – has yet been found.
Effect Of Health Education With Audio-Visual Media On Adherence To Medication Of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Fatmawati Lilis , Retno Ayu Lely Sandra , Gustomi Mono Pratiko , Ayatullah Daviq
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Breast cancer is known as the first killer of cancer. Long-term treatment is more prone to patient compliance problems, lack of understanding of the pain, and saturation of taking medication leads to non-adherence that worsens the patient's condition. This study analyzes the effect of health education with audio-visual media on drug adherence in breast cancer patients Method. This research is a quasi-experiment with a pre-post test control group design. Purposive sampling was carried out for 1 month at the Oncology Polyclinic at Petrokimia Gresik Hospital. Subjects who met the inclusion of 36 patients were evaluated with the MMAS (Morinsky Medication Adherence Scale) questionnaire. The data was then analyzed using the Paired T-test. ResultsThe paired t-test revealed a statistically significant (p = 0.000, α < 0.05) improvement in medication adherence among breast cancer patients following health education with audiovisual media. Conclusion. This suggests that audiovisual media can be an effective tool in enhancing medication adherence in this population. Further research is warranted to explore the optimal content, duration, and frequency of audiovisual interventions. Additionally, studies investigating the cost-effectiveness of this intervention and its impact on other patient outcomes, such as quality of life and treatment efficacy, are needed
The Role of Porcelain Veneers in The Aesthetic Restoration of Discolored Endodontically Treated Teeth.
Authors: Galiatsatos Panagiotis , Galiatsatos Aristidis
Published: September 2024

Discoloration of endodontically treated anterior teeth poses a significant aesthetic concern for many individuals, impacting their confidence and self-image. Porcelain veneers have emerged as a popular solution for the aesthetic restoration of such teeth. This paper explores the role of porcelain veneers in addressing tooth discoloration, examining their efficacy, durability, and aesthetic outcomes, via a clinical case. Various factors influencing the selection of porcelain veneers as a treatment modality, including shade matching, preparation techniques, and adhesive bonding, are discussed. Additionally, advancements in materials and techniques have enhanced the versatility and aesthetic appeal of porcelain veneers, making them a valuable option for achieving natural-looking and durable aesthetic restorations in individuals with discolored endodontically treated anterior teeth.
Reducing Disparities Within Breast Cancer Care Among Hispanic Patients in a Safety-Net Community Hospital
Authors: Block Maya , Premkumar Agnes , Werner Brianna , Tanner Danielle F , Montminy Tess , Wood Charden , Cocco Daniela
Published: September 2024

Language barriers exacerbate health disparities among minorities. This study highlights the efficacy of simple interventions in mitigating language barriers, optimizing clinic efficiency, and enhancing preparedness for surgical procedures in Spanish-speaking (SS) females diagnosed with breast cancer in a safety net community hospital. A bilingual questionnaire was given to English and SS patients during their initial clinic visit. Additionally, a bilingual handout on surgical options and postoperative care was provided to selected surgical patients. Among the 41 patients studied, those who completed the questionnaire had an average encounter time of 27.06 minutes, compared to 45.26 minutes for those who did not. For SS patients, the average encounter time with the questionnaire was 34.07 minutes versus 46.54 minutes without it. The average cost of a medical interpreter was $17.04 with the questionnaire, versus $23.27 without. All SS patients who received the educational handout expressed greater satisfaction and understanding of their treatment plans and were less likely to require additional pre-surgery visits. This study demonstrated how the simple implementation of a translated questionnaire can reduce interpretation cost, encounter time, and improve clinic flow. Furthermore, utilizing a bilingual surgical educational handout enhances patient understanding, surgery readiness and reduces unnecessary additional visits.
Phytochemistry and Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory Activity of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Virola elongata (Benth.) Warb. Stem Bark
Authors: Serio Bruna , Muller Jessica , Silva Marcelo , Figueiredo Fabiana , Martins Domingos
Published: September 2024

Background: Previous studies of the hydroethanolic extract of Virola elongata inner stem bark (HEVe) have demonstrated its antioxidant, gastroprotective, and antiulcer properties, but have not evaluate its anti-inflammatory potential. Methods: HEVe was obtained by maceration and phytochemicallly analyzed. Its systemic anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by its effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis in mice. HEVe gel (HEgVe) was employed to evaluate topical anti-inflammatory activity by measuring the ear edema resulted from croton oil-induced dermatitis in mice. Cell viability assay was conducted to determine non-cytotoxic concentrations of HEVe. RAW 264.7 cells were stimulated by LPS to determinate cytokine and nitric oxide production.Results: Phytochemical analysis of HEVe revealed the presence of phenolic acids, neolignans, flavonoids, and monomeric catechins. Oral treatment of acute peritonitis with HEVe reduced total leukocytes, neutrophils, TNF-α and IL-1β, and elevated IL-10 levels. The application of HEgVe reduced local edema. The HEVe on RAW 264.7 cells exhibited no cytotoxicity and cells with HEVe reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, and NO levels, and increased IL-13 levels. Conclusions: HEVe demonstrated systemic and topical multitarget anti-inflammatory activity, which is likely due to the combined effects of secondary metabolites. HEVe emerges as a promising herbal remedy for inflammation with minimal cytotoxicity, emphasizing its potential therapeutic significance.
Investigating How Policies and Other Conditions Contribute Influencing Agricultural GHG Emissions in the EU
Authors: Galioto Francesco , Criscuoli Irene , Martelli Andrea , Lasorella Maria Valentina , Falconi Ilaria , Marandola Danilo , Dara Guccione Giovanni , Varia Francesca
Published: September 2024

The present study aims at investigating the potential impact of agricultural policies on GHG emissions from agriculture across the European Union. The study begins with a brief analysis of the context of implementation of the 2014-2022 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), within which many interventions were designed to improve sustainability and increase competitiveness. It follows a description of the structural changes the European agriculture is witnessing, that are both influenced and contribute influencing policies. The method of Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) is used to investigate possible causalities and to cluster observations based on similar combinations of conditions (i.e., drivers) and outcomes (i.e., positive or negative variations in GHG emissions from agriculture between the end and the begin of the CAP programming period).
The results reveal that the increase in GHG emissions from agriculture over the study period is mainly attributable to the low share of agricultural land under management contracts targeting climate change mitigation and carbon sequestration through the CAP. CAP payments coupled with the production is found to contribute to further increasing GHG emission from agriculture in some eastern and northern EU countries. Livestock concentration, income support payments and the high price of agricultural land drive the increase in GHG emissions for other central and eastern EU countries. The paper concludes addressing existing shortcomings due to conflicting interventions in the current CAP Strategic Plans.
Relationship between Sleep Disturbances and Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review
Authors: Jain Sejal V , Panjeton Geoffrey D , Martins Yuri Chaves
Published: September 2024

Sleep disturbances and chronic pain are prevalent and interrelated conditions that significantly impact individuals' quality of life. Understanding the intricate dynamics between sleep and pain is crucial for developing effective treatments that enhance the well-being of affected individuals and reduce the economic burden of these debilitating conditions. This narrative review examines the complex relationship between sleep disturbances and chronic pain. We describe the prevalence and types of sleep disturbances and sleep disorders in chronic pain patients. Posteriorly we critically review the clinical and experimental evidence investigating the relationship between sleep disturbances and chronic pain aiming to clarify the impact of chronic pain on sleep and, conversely, the impact of sleep disturbances on pain perception. We conclude that a bidirectional relationship between chronic pain and sleep disturbances is almost a consensus in the literature, however, the strength of each direction of the association is less clear. As of now, the literature suggests that sleep impairment is a stronger predictor of pain than pain is a predictor of sleep impairment. Additionally, addressing sleep disturbances in chronic pain patients is crucial, as poor sleep has been linked to higher levels of disability, depression, and pain-related catastrophizing.
Low- and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza a Viruses in Seal Population: A Brief Overview of 45-Years History
Authors: Chrzastek Klaudia , Kapczynski Darrell R
Published: September 2024

Genetically diverse influenza A viruses (IAV) circulates in wild aquatic birds with relatively frequent spillover (cases of single infections) to other mammals, but only a small proportion of outbreaks. The spillover of IAV to marine mammals such as seals have been reported throughout the last 45 years. Majority of these viruses when reached seals population cased pneumonia and death of infected animals. Until 2016, all avian influenza viruses found in seals were of low pathotype (LP) IAV. The H5Nx clade 2.4.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) were found in seals for the first time in 2016/2017. Our review highlights 45 years of AIV history in seals population, showing interesting features of different AIV subtypes and emphasis on avian-to-mammals transmission. Furthermore, we also included phylogenetic characterisation of the representative seal isolates.
De-escalating Treatment Strategies for Patients with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2)-Positive Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Abdel-Razeq Hikmat
Published: September 2024

Almost one fifth of breast cancer cases express Human Epidermal Growth Factor-2 (HER2), and such expression is associated with highly proliferative tumor and poor prognosis. The introduction of anti-HER2 therapies has dramatically changed the natural course of this aggressive subtype of breast cancer. However, anti-HER2 therapy can be associated with substantial toxicities, mostly cardiac, and high cost. Over the past few years, there has been growing interest in de-escalation of anti-HER2 therapies to minimize adverse events and healthcare costs, while maintaining the efficacy of treatment. Data from clinical observations and single-arm studies have eluted to the minimal impact of anti-HER2 therapy in low-risk patients, like those with node-negative and small tumors. Though single-arm, the APT trial, in which patients with node-negative, small tumors received single-agent paclitaxel for 12 cycles plus trastuzumab for 1 year, was a practice-changing study. Several other recently published studies, like the PERSEPHONE trial, have shown more convincing data that 6 months of trastuzumab is not inferior to 12 months, in terms of disease-free survival (DFS), suggesting that de-escalating strategies with shorter treatment may be appropriate for some low-risk patients. Other de-escalating strategies involved adaptive, response-directed approach, and personalized therapy that depends on tumor genomic profiling.
Mechanisms of Water Pollutant Degradation under Electric Discharge Generated in a Cavitating Flow
Authors: Kamler Anna , Bayazitov Vadim , Sozarukova Madina , Nikonov Roman , Fedulov Igor , Cravotto Giancarlo , Abramova Irina
Published: September 2024

With the aim of developing an innovative water treatment approach for developing countries in the Global South, we have applied the method of treating a cavitating water stream with a plasma discharge under real conditions. To this end, we have optimised the approach after investigating the effects that occur in the treated medium during such a treatment. Based on the obtained light absorption curves of treated model solutions of titanium oxysulphate and potassium bichromate, it was found that inside the reactor the main role in the destruction of chemical contaminants is played by hydroxide ions, while outside the reactor the main chemical interaction takes place with hydrogen peroxide. The plasma treatment unit was tested in the biological wastewater treatment plants of a health resort on the territory of the Russian Federation (Almetyevsk, Republic of Tatarstan). Water samples taken directly from the tertiary decantation tank were used as real wastewater samples instead of adding chemical reagents for disinfection. It was found that with different modes of operation of the plasma treatment plant, the concentration levels of coliform bacteria, coliphages and Escherichia coli decrease significantly and fall below the limit of permissible concentrations for wastewater discharge. At the same time, the possible effect of the plasma on persistent inorganic compounds was investigated. It was shown that the plasma discharge in the flow of the incoming liquid can almost completely destroy compounds that are difficult to remove, such as hydrogen sulphide and chlorides. In the course of the study, the optimum frequency of the electrical pulses of 68 kHz was selected, which ensures the lowest consumption of electrical energy while maintaining the required efficiency.
Biopsychosocial impediments in MS: Gender Differences and Impact of Quality of Life on Neuropsychological Function: Multicenter study
Authors: Al Dhahri Maisaa Ghanim , Helmy Mai , Rajeev Neeraja , Al Toubi Aseel , Al-Abdali Hiba , Al-Asmi Abdullah , Al-Lawati Iman Redha , Al-Adawi Issa , Jeyaseelan Lakshmanan , Al-Adawi Samir
Published: September 2024

Background/Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by various clinical presentations and manifestations that include biopsychosocial impediments. This study has three interrelated goals relevant to biopsychosocial functioning. The first is to compare cognitive, neuropsychological, and affective functioning and quality of life between patients with MS (PwMS) and a control group. The second is to examine whether cognitive and neuropsychological performance is affected by gender, and the third is to examine whether variation in QoL hinges on cognitive neuropsychological performance.

Methods: This multicenter study was carried out among clinically stable PwMS under follow-up in two tertiary care units in urban Oman. Healthy controls, matched for age and sex, were also recruited as a comparison group. Data were collected using cognitive batteries sensitive to current reasoning ability and conventional neuropsychological batteries designed to measure verbal learning, visual-spatial ability, and processing speed. The affective range (anxiety and depressive symptoms) and quality of life (QoL) were also assessed.

Results: The PwMS group scored lower on current reasoning ability, verbal learning, visual-spatial ability, and processing speed compared with the control group. The incidence of anxiety was higher in the PwMS group but there was no statistically significant difference in depressive symptoms. No significant differences were found in cognitive variables between the two sexes, except in visual-spatial ability, where women outperformed men. PwMS with low QoL scored lower on the attention and concentration indices than those with adequate QoL. According to QoL, no significant differences were observed in reasoning, verbal learning, and visual-spatial ability.

Conclusions: The present sentinel study suggests that the Omani cohort with MS tends to have lower indices of current reasoning ability, visual and spatial memory and cognitive speed compared to control subjects. Gender differences are minimal, except for visual-spatial abilities where women outperform men. Quality of life significantly affects cognitive functioning. In general, the biopsychosocial impediment appears to be significant, indicating the need for comprehensive evaluation and care in the management of MS.
Identification of Key Determinants Influencing the Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Urban Resilience
Authors: Hou Jingwei , Hou Bo , He Gongpeng
Published: September 2024

The identification of spatiotemporal heterogeneity, its key determinants, and the interaction effects between the driving factors of urban resilience (UR) within and between subregions is fundamental for understanding its underlying mechanisms. A resilience evaluation model was applied to analyze the temporal and spatial differences in UR in Hunan Province, China. The standard deviation ellipse was used to explore the spatial and dynamic evolution and direction of UR. A hot spot analysis identified clusters of cold and hot spots. The contribution of spatiotemporal differences in UR within and between subregions was assessed using the Theil index. A geodetector analysis determined the factors influencing UR and their interactions. There was an increasing trend in UR from 0.2692 in 2014 to 0.3422 in 2022. The number of cities with high resilience gradually increased from 2014 to 2022, while there was a decreasing gradient in UR from northeast to southwest across the province. High-resilience cities had positive spillover effects on the surrounding area. Hot spots were predominantly located in the northeast, while cold spots were concentrated in the southwest. The barycenter of UR shifted from northeast to southwest by 2018, before moving southeast by 2022. The Theil index values declined over time both within and between subregions. Per capita GDP, average wages of on-the-job employees, per capita social consumption, and doctor density enhanced UR. Two-factor interactions had a greater influence on the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of UR than single factors. Two-factor and nonlinear enhancements were identified as the primary mode of influence.
Differences in Physical Activity and Self-Rated Health Levels Based on Satisfaction with Physical Environment of Local Communities: From School to Lifelong Physical Education
Authors: Chang Byung-Kweon , Park Se-Won , Lee Seung-Man
Published: September 2024

In Korea, substantial disparities exist in physical environments across regions, exacerbating the polarization between metropolitan and provincial areas, and urban and rural regions. This study examines the differences in physical activity and self-rated health of local communities in relation to satisfaction with the physical environment. By identifying and addressing these underlying causes of health disparities, the study provides foundational data to inform policy efforts. The study utilized data from the 2023 Community Health Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. It included 231,752 individuals aged 19 and older (105,754 men and 125,998 women) selected through a two-stage probability proportional systematic sampling method. One-on-one online interviews were conducted from May 16 to July 31, 2023. Physical environment was assessed based on public satisfaction with safety, natural and living environments, public transportation, and medical services. Study variables included subjective health status and physical activity, with sub-variables for physical activity encompassing the duration of vigorous and moderate physical activity, walking, and flexibility exercises. For data analysis, MANOVA and ANOVA were conducted, with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Considerable variations in physical activity were observed based on satisfaction with the local community environment. Regarding self-rated health, significant differences were found in safety levels, living environment, and medical services. Satisfaction with the physical environment positively influenced physical activity and self-rated health. Therefore, it is imperative to reduce disparities in the physical environment between regions and enhance residents' satisfaction.
G6PD Potenza: A Novel Pathogenic Variant Broadens the Mutational Landscape in the Italian Population
Authors: Ricciardi Tenore Claudio , Tulli Eugenia , Calo Claudia , Bertozzi Roberto , Evangelista Jessica , Maneri Giulia , Rinelli Martina , Brisighelli Francesca , Perrucci Alessia , De Paolis Elisa , Urbani Andrea , De Bonis Maria , Minucci Angelo
Published: September 2024

Background: G6PD is a rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway. The loss of G6PD activity in red blood cells exposes to the risk of acute haemolytic anaemia under oxidative stress, induced by infections, some medications, or fava beans. More than 200 single missense mutations are known in the G6PD gene. This study reports a 41-year-old woman coming from Basilicata region (Italy) that carried out the G6PD status in our hospital for prenatal investiga-tions. Methods: DNA was extracted from peripheral blood sample and genotyped for common-est G6PD pathogenic variants (PVs). Positive results obtained by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), as per practice in our laboratory, are then re-confirmed in Sanger se-quencing. Results: RFLP analysis highlighted a variant compatible with G6PD Cassano variant. Confirmatory testing by Sanger unexpectedly identified a novel variant: c.1357G>A, p.(Val453Met) (NM_001360016.2). In silico models predicted a deleterious effect of this variant at the protein level. The novel G6PD variant was named "G6PD Potenza", on the basis of the pa-tient's regional origin. Conclusion: This case describes a novel G6PD variant. It also highlights how the Sanger sequencing technique still represents an indispensable confirmatory standard method for variants that could be miss-interpreted by using of “first-level” approached, as the RFLP. We stress that the evaluation of clinical manifestations in G6PD deficient patients is of primary importance for the classification of each new G6PD mutation, in agreement with the new WHO guidelines.
Efficiency and Interference Verification of a HONO Collection System Using an Ultrasonic Nozzle Coupled with a Recirculating Spray Chamber for Ambient Air Monitoring
Authors: Oh Sea-Ho , Schauer James J. , Jeon Hajeong , Ko Dong-Hoon , Choe Seoyeong , Bae Min-Suk
Published: September 2024

This study explores the efficiency and applicability of a HONO collection system that incorporates an ultrasonic nozzle and spray chamber for the measurement of ambient air. The system demonstrates (1) a remarkable efficiency of 97.7% across two serial stages, (2) lower detection limits of 0.1 ppbv for HONO, and (3) absence of interference from NO2 or OH radicals. Practical ambient monitoring with the HONO collection system revealed typical diurnal variations in HONO, O3, and HNO3 concentrations, aligning with photolysis dynamics. Notably, HONO concentrations peaked at 0.37 ppb during nighttime and decreased to 0.27 ppb by midday. O3 demonstrated an inverse relationship with HONO, especially during ozone depletion phases, with r2 values of 0.94, 0.81, and 0.52 across various intervals. The HONO/NOx ratio during periods of enhanced HONO suggested the presence of additional formation mechanisms beyond heterogeneous NOx reactions. Moreover, ozone levels often fell below 20 ppb, indicating a consistent inverse correlation with HONO, thereby confirming periods and highlighting further mechanisms of HONO formation beyond heterogeneous NOx reactions. The real-time atmospheric chemical reactions involving HONO, monitored concurrently with O3 and NOx, were effectively validated by the HONO collection system employed in this investigation.
Water Management as a Social Field: A Method for Engineering Solutions
Authors: De Luque-Villa Miguel A. , González-Méndez Mauricio
Published: September 2024

This paper proposes Pierre Bourdieu's sociological concepts of social field, capital, and habitus to analyze water management in Colombia. By mapping the social dynamics of water management, this study examines the interactions and power relationships among agents, including government agencies, private companies, academic institutions, non-profits, and local communities. The analysis reveals how various forms of capital, such as economic, cultural, social, and symbolic, influence water management practices, policies, and the distribution of power. Integrating agent-based modeling with hydrological simulations provides a more nuanced understanding of how social dynamics influence water management. This interdisciplinary approach helps develop more adaptive and equitable strategies by capturing the complex interactions between human behavior and environmental factors. The research demonstrates that agent-based modeling, informed by Bourdieu's sociological framework, offers valuable insights for policy development in regions facing socio-economic and environmental challenges. The study highlights the need to localize the analysis of the social field to capture regional customs and specific social dynamics. This localized approach ensures that water management strategies are more relevant, context-sensitive, and sustainable. This paper advocates for the wider adoption of agent-based modeling in water management, proposing a methodology that combines the engineering principles of practical problem-solving and adaptive design with an understanding of the social complexities in water management.
Incentivizing SVOD Platform Subscription Intention through Tiered Discounts and Anti-piracy Messages
Authors: Redondo Ignacio , Serrano Diana
Published: September 2024

In the increasingly competitive SVOD market, platforms face high churn rates and substantial revenue losses from SVOD content piracy, all of which limit their ability to invest in acquir-ing/creating content compelling enough to win and retain subscribers. Based on social exchange theory, this study argues that platforms can improve relationships with SVOD content users by offering tiered discounts in exchange for advertising/loyalty and by promoting anti-piracy messages with a prosocial (threatening) approach that emphasizes harm to filmmakers (punishment for pi-rates). We hypothesize that these incentives enhance subscription intention when the incentive specifications (advertising levels, loyalty levels, message approach, and message credibility) match the public’s heterogeneous dispositions (advertising attitude, loyalty attitude, justice sensitivity, and fear of punishment). In a survey on the intention to subscribe to a hypothetical new platform, we confirmed the hypothesized interactions for advertising-based discounts, loyalty-based discounts, and prosocial messages, but did not find support for threatening messages. Further exploration showed that the evaluation of platform content was much more influential than any other incentive and that tiered loyalty discounts had a remarkable capacity to enhance subscription intention. This study’s findings may help shape incentives that are more satisfying to users and ultimately more profitable for platforms.
How Urban Is World Heritage? An Investigation of Built-up Area Increase in Cultural Heritage Properties
Authors: Katontoka Moses , Noardo Francesco , Palacios-Lopez Daniela , Esch Thomas , Pirouz Nourian , Chen Fulong , Pereira Roders Ana
Published: September 2024

As urbanization continues to increase, key conservation areas like World Heritage sites are being altered. This transformation is a cause for concern as it threatens the Outstanding Universal Value of these sites. To address this issue, a research question was formulated: How urban is World Heritage? The research focused on identifying and monitoring urbanization in heritage core zones listed on the World Heritage by tracking changes in built-up areas from 1985 to 2015. The findings revealed that urban developments, including housing, transport infrastructure construction, visitor accommodation facilities, and land conversions, have significantly impacted heritage properties. More than a third (37\%, 426) of the cultural heritage properties reported urban development, with the highest occurrences in Europe, North America, Asia, and the Pacific. Furthermore, these regions also displayed the highest rate of change per year between 1985 and 2015. This indicates the urgent need to identify and monitor the urbanization of World Heritage to preserve their OUV amidst increasing urban development.
Process of Reliability of the Ventilatory Workload Kinetic Index and Prioritization in the Intrahospital Clinical Setting
Authors: Abarca Loretto Godoy , Muñoz-Abarca Andre , Pinochet Urzua Ramon , Del Sol Mariano , Escobar-Cabello Maximo , Valenzuela Vasquez Jorge , Valenzuela-Aedo Fernando , Díaz-Caro Camila , Soto-Rodriguez Francisco , Muñoz-Cofré Rodrigo
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives: The Ventilatory Workload Kinetic Index (VWKI) has been proposed as a clinical instrument to evaluate ventilatory balance-imbalance. On the other hand, the regulated application of scales that allow an integral evaluation of the object of study and their subsequent reliability evaluation should be a continuous. The objective was determined the reliability of the VWKI between two evaluators and its applicability in the clinical field of physiotherapy. Materials and Methods: Methodology was divided into three stages: i) induction period, ii) application of the VWKI, and iii) reliability process. Results: The VWKI total score obtained excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.913, p<0.05). The airway resistance (AR) showed moderate inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.528, p<0.05), while the use of accessory musculature (UAM) showed poor inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.483, p<0.05). The physiotherapy care prioritization system, for both evaluator A (EA) and evaluator B (EB), the total VWKI score was significantly higher in priority 1 (p=0.001; p<0.05, respectively). The Total VWKI score by services, it was observed that both EA and EB rated the VWKI significantly higher in the intensive care unit (ICU) than in Medicine and the other services (p=0.001, p=0.0001 and p<0.05, p<0.05, respectively). Conclusions: VWKI have of excellent reliability your the total score. Also, have consistency with the system of prioritization of physiotherapy care, and the ability to determine the severity of respiratory clinical pictures.
Do Firm’s Characteristics Influence Its IT Strategies? A Study of the Driving Force of a Firm’s Decision to Appoint IT Expertise
Authors: Khallaf Ashraf , Samet Anis , Efendi Jap
Published: September 2024

The demand for information technology expertise has grown rapidly in the last few decades, signaling a firm’s commitment to integrating IT into its core business strategy. Understanding the conditions under which firms appoint a chief information officer (CIO) can provide valuable insights into the evolving role of IT in corporate governance. This study addresses a crucial gap in the literature by exploring the determinants of a firm's decision to hire a CIO at the top management level. The study identifies several factors that influence a firm’s decision to appoint a CIO, including the firm's size, its level of innovation, and its prior performance. The study examines these assertions by comparing the characteristics of firms that appoint a CIO at the top management level with those of similar firms in their industries that do not have a CIO position prior to the appointment. A logistic regression model that considers CIO firms and their matched firms indicates that firms are more likely to hire a new CIO after they experience loss, have larger capital expenditures and higher market value. Our study provides empirical evidence on why certain firms prioritize IT leadership at the executive level.
Comparison of Cerium Nanoparticles Toxicity against Bacillus subtilis Grown in Two Different Types of Biofilm
Authors: Darrouzet Elisabeth , Luche Sylvie , Diemer Hélène , Cianférani Sarah , Rabilloud Thierry , Lelong Cécile
Published: September 2024

New chemicals including nanomaterials are being created and spread at high speed. In the E.U., REACH compliance imposes to manufacturers some tests but they are limited. Often, they cannot detect anything if the cells or organisms are able to overcome the toxic effect at the macroscopic level, preventing the suspicion of a potential long-term effect. Concerning bacteria that are essential for ecosystems and human health (microbiota), they are often considered as a whole in a consortium and only global parameters are measured. To overcome these limitations, we performed a study on the essential soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Two types of biofilm that are closer to its natural growth mode (particularly around plant roots) than the usual liquid type culture have been assayed: pellicle biofilm and swarming. We then used the power of shotgun proteomics to analyze in details these two somehow similar modes of cultures. Several physiological and metabolic patterns including proteins implicated in sporulation have shown significant differences. The effect of two types of nanoparticles (silicon and cerium oxide nanoparticles) has then been studied in the same way. This allowed us to investigate in details the response of the bacteria and focus on the differences observed depending on the biofilm type. This clearly highlighted the importance of testing several growth conditions and pinpointed the power of proteomics.