bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender roles in cocoa sustainability programs
Authors: Bulkis S , Jamil M H , Lanuhu N , Italiani F
Published: October 2020

The Cocoa Sustainability Program is a program accepted by cocoa producers to develop and improve the quality and quality of cocoa. This is due to the low quality of cocoa in the international market caused by pests and the age of very old plants. Cocoa products generally involve men and women. The objective of this study is: 1) Analyze the roles of men and women in terms of time allocation and decision making with the existence of sustainability programs of cocoa, 2) Analyze the relationship of changes in the allocation of time between men and women with family income; and 3) Analyze exchange relations. Male and female time allocation for decision making on the use of household finances. This research is an analysis of qualitative-quantitative descriptive analysis methods. The results of the study concluded that: 1) The average time allocation of men and women in the crop before participating in the cocoa sustainability program was 162.68 hours and 51.61 hours and after the program of 166.63 hours and 54.44 hours. The average time allocated for men and women in the harvest and post-harvest before participating in the sustainability program of cocoa was 27.70 hours and 33.68 hours, after taking the program of 26.31 hours and 32.80 hours. The average time allocation of men and women in cocoa marketing before participating in the cocoa sustainability program is 0.27 hours and 0.07 hours, after participating in the cocoa sustainability program that is 0.26 hours and 0.09 hours. Decision-making on cocoa farming, husbands dominate aquaculture activities, harvest and post-harvest activities and marketing are decided together equally, 2) There is a significant relationship between time allocation and household income, and 3) There is no significant relationship between the allocation of time and retirement decision on the use of household finances.
Effect dual inoculation of Azotobacter and Azospirrilum on the productive trait upland red rice cultivar
Authors: Muhidin  , Syam’un E , Kaimuddin  , Musa Y , Sadimantara G R , Leomo S , Sutariati G A K , Yusuf D N , Rakian TC
Published: October 2020

The aims of this research were to analyze the effect of dual inoculation of Azotobacter and Azospirrilum on the productive trait upland red rice cultivar. The research was conducted in the field of experimental farm, department of agronomy, the faculty of agriculture, Halu Oleo University. This research arranged in split-plot design with dual inoculation treatment in the main plot and cultivar differences in the subplot, with three replications. The dual inoculation treatment consist of three levels as follows: b0 = without inoculation, b1 = treatment with Azotobacter 2.5 L ha−1 + Azospirillum 2.5 L ha−1 and b2 = Treatment with Azotobacter 5.0 L ha−1 + Azospirillum 5.0 L ha−1. The type of cultivar used were (v1) = Labandiri, (v2) = Jangkobembe, (v3) = Ranggohitam and (v4) = Paedara. The result showed that the bacterial fixator application would (1) increase the productive tillers, and (2) increase rice productivity through the increase of productive tillers and grain weight.
Growth of palm oil seedlings at various doses of boiler ash and tofu wastewater
Authors: Wahyudin C I , Alfian A , Goo N , Tanasale V L , Makaruku M H , Mahulette A S , Mariati W D , Ariyanto D , Prahesti K I
Published: October 2020

The objective of the study is to get the best dose of boiler ash and tofu wastewater to increase the growth of palm oil seedlings in the nurseries. The study used a completely randomized design in factorial with three replications. The first factor is the dose of boiler ash consisting of four levels, namely 0 g, 300 g, 350 g, 400 g, and 450 g per polybag. The second factor is the concentration of tofu wastewater, which consists of four levels, namely 0%, 60%, 80%, 100% per polybag. The results showed that the interaction between boiler ash and tofu wastewater had a significant effect on the growth of palm oil seedlings in the nurseries. Interaction between boiler ash doses 350-450 g per polybag with tofu wastewater concentration 80-100% per polybag can increase seedling height, shoot diameter, root volume, and dry weight of palm oil seedlings.
Growth performance of seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii in different planting distance using long-line farming, Mandar Bay, West Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Husniah  , Nur M , Tenriware  , Tamaruddin A , Jabbar F B A , Tambaru R
Published: October 2020

The present study aimed to determine different planting distances on the growth of Kappaphycus Alvarez using the longline method. The present study was conducted from September to October 2018 in Mandar Bay, West Sulawesi. Water quality measurement was performed in situ during the study period, including temperature, salinity, pH, turbidity, and water current and data collected on the specific and absolute growth of seaweed. Prior to study, buoys, rope, length measurement device, and anchor were prepared for seaweed cultivation. The long-line method was applied for seaweed cultivation, and the seed of Seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii obtained from local seaweed farmers. A total of 10 stretches rope using different planting distance of 15 cm (P1), 30 cm (P2), 45 cm (P3), and 60 cm (P4). The cultivation was carried out for 5 weeks. The results showed that the highest specific growth rate and absolute growth were obtained from P3 in which the absolute growth reached 165 gr, and the specific growth rate was 0.14%, respectively. This finding suggested that different planting distance affects the growth of seaweed. In addition, the environmental parameters for seaweed cultivation were still considered in optimum condition for cultivation.
The potential of organic agriculture, soil structure and farmers income for inclusive agriculture sustainability: a review
Authors: HM Rahmaniah , Darma R. , Asrul L. , Taufik DK
Published: October 2020

Sustainable agriculture integrates three main objectives - environmental health, economic profitability, and social-economic justice. Organic farming is an alternative to sustainable agriculture that is more inclusive and has become a widespread phenomenon. Globally, the amount of land cultivated with some form of organic agriculture continues to grow. The sustainability of organic farming cannot be separated from the economic dimension, other than the environmental and social dimensions. Organic farming is not only limited to eliminating the use of synthetic inputs that can cause land degradation due to damage to soil structure, but also the sustainable use of natural resources, healthy food production and saving energy. The potential of organic farming in improving soil fertility is improving the physical and chemical properties of soil with the use of organic materials, and good management of organic farming can increase soil fertility. Economic aspects can be sustainable if agricultural production is able to meet the needs and provide sufficient income for farmers. Economic motivation now controls the direction of developing organic agriculture. Organic Agriculture can ensure stable and sustainable alternative livelihoods, especially in situations where land is available and offers opportunities for improvement, this is supported by the awareness of the dangers posed by the use of synthetic chemicals in agriculture making organic farming attract attention both at the level producers and consumers alike. Most consumers will choose food that is safe for health and environmentally friendly, thus encouraging increased demand for organic products as one of the inclusive agriculture properties.
Growth and production of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) on various concentrations of bio-fertilizer and NPK fertilizer
Authors: Mantja Katriani , Haring Feranita , Mahendra Wayan Y , Syam’un Elkawakib , Asrul Laode , Sahur Asmiaty , Ridwan Ifayanti
Published: October 2020

This study aims to study the effect of various concentration of biological fertilizers and NPK dosages on the growth and production of cayenne pepper. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, from January to April 2019. The study was set as a two-factor factorial experiment using a randomized block design. The first factor was the concentration of the biological fertilizers, consisted of 0, 5, 10, and 15 mL L−1 water. The second factor was the NPK fertilizer dosages, consisted of 0, 2, and 4 g per plant. The results show that the interaction between the application of 10 ml L−1 water of the biological fertilizer and NPK fertilizer dosage of 4 g per plant resulted in the highest number of productive branches (50.78 branches) and production (1.17 tons ha−1). Application of the biological fertilizer of 5 mL L−1 water and NPK fertilizer dosage of 2 g per plant at the age of 15 days after planting (DAP) tended to provide the highest average plant height (13.94 cm), but higher concentration and dosage of 10 mL L−1 water and 4 g per plant of bio-fertilizer and NPK, respectively, resulted in the highest plant at the 35 DAP (33.78 cm). The application of 2 g per plant NPK fertilizer gave the highest yield on the number of fruits per plant (68.00 fruits), and the weight of fruits per plant (64.14 g).
Response of M5 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) mutant to low altitude growing condition
Authors: Farid BDR M , Mustari Kahar , Arisandi Risman , Nasaruddin  , Ala Ambo , Kasim Nurlina , Dachlan Amirullah , Ridwan Ifayanti
Published: October 2020

This study aims to study the adaptability of wheat mutant lines in the lowlands and determine the growth and production of the mutant lines. The research was conducted from September to December 2017 at Teaching Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi Province. The study was carried out in the form of experiments arranged based on Randomized Block Design and further tested using orthogonal contrast. The treatments given were five M5 mutant genotypes and two convergent breeding genotypes. Three wheat varieties Dewata, Munal, and Selayar were used as comparisons. The results showed that the convergent breeding line (CB 145) showed good genetic traits on plant height parameters and the number of empty floret. Dewata, Munal, and Selayar varieties showed more average number of tillers (6.00 tillers) and 100 heavier grain weight (4.07 g) compared to the mutant genotypes. Dewata variety showed good genetic characteristics on panicle length parameter (6.50 cm) and grain weight per panicle (0.34 g). CB 169 genotype showed good genetic characteristics on the parameter number of grain per panicle which only produced the number of seeds per panicle (8.33 seeds).
Potency of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in Ipomea pes-caprae roots: Initial microscopic and macroscopic identification on South Sulawesi’s coastal resources
Authors: Mollah A , Purnama I R Y , Bahrun A H , Syaiful S A , Yassi A , Ridwan I
Published: October 2020

The paper reports on an initial study aimed to isolate and identify plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the roots of Ipomea pes-caprae (locally named as Katang-katang) abundantly found in the coastal area of South Sulawesi. Plant roots samples were obtained from the coastal area in Gantarangkeke Village, Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The isolation and identification were carried out at the Biofertilizer and Potential Microbial Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University from August to October 2019. The isolation was conducted by previously extracting the roots of the plant and then fermented for 14 days. One millilitre of the solution was used to inoculate the bacteria in a sterile petridish contained NA media using spread and streak methods and then left to an incubation period. Identification of the bacteria was conducted using three methods namely gram reaction test, catalase test, and microscopic colouring method. The bacteria samples were observed macroscopically and microscopically. The catalase test results reveal that bacteria in the Katang-katang roots was from the genus of Bacillus and Pseudomonas. Some of the implication of the results for agricultural purpose was discussed.
Ratio of ammonium and nitrate to response of chinese broccoli variety (Brassica oleracea Var. Alboglabra) in hydroponic culture
Authors: Farid BDR M , Widiayani N , Anshori M F , Zulqaida
Published: October 2020

The objective of this study is to study the response of various chinese broccoli varieties to ratio of ammonium and nitrate and to determine the characters that have high heritability values. This research was conducted at the Screen House at the University of Hasanuddin Lecturer Residences, Tamalanrea Sub-district, Makassar from August to October 2019. This study was arranged by using nested design and randomized complete block design as its environmental design. Replication was set in nesting to each ratio of ammonium and nitrate. The main factor was 7 varities of chinese broccoli, namely Full White, New Veg Gin, Winsan, Yama F1, Sakura F1, Nemo, and Nova, while ratio of the ammonium and nitrate consisted of 4 levels, namely AB Mix, ammonium: nitrate (1: 4), ammonium : nitrate (1: 8) and ammonium: nitrate (1: 12). The results showed that the ratio of ammonium and nitrate which gave the high growth and production responses to chinese broccoli was ammonium: nitrate ratio of 1: 12 (171.38 g). Varieties that have high growth and production response to the amomonium and nitrate ratio was the chinese broccoli New Veg Gin (214.04 g). Characters that have high heritability are leaf numbers, leaf area, shoot fresh weight, and total weight.
Land use planning for mitigation of erosion, sediments, and stabilization of water discharge in the Mamasa Watershed
Authors: Anila C , Barkey R A , Arsyad U , Nursaputra M
Published: October 2020

Watershed Ecosystem is an important part. Activities in a watershed that cause changes in the ecosystem, such as land cover change, especially in the upstream area, can have an impact on downstream areas in the form of change in water flow fluctuation, sediment content and other dissolved materials. The Bakaru reservoir is located in the downstream of Mamasa watershed. In its development, the Bakaru Hydroelectric Power Plant could no longer produce electricity as planned, because of the rapid sediment rate. This research was conducted to determine the amount of erosion, sediment, and water discharge, formulate land use spatial patterns in the watershed. Data analysis was performed by using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) model. Input data needed in the analysis are spatial data, thematic maps such as land use map, soil type map, and Digital Elevation Model data. The results of this study indicate the total erosion of the analysis period is 1,014,576.51 tons/ha/year. The amount of erosion, which is quite high, affects the total sediment (132,852,500.03 tons/year), and the total water discharge generated is around 420,715.54 m3/s. While the output generated using spatial pattern data shows much better results. The total erosion produced was 50,863.86 tons/ha/year, while the total sediment amounted to 14,903,914.25 tons/year and water discharge 48,697.00 m3/s. Based on these results, it can be said that if land use is adjusted to a predetermined spatial pattern, then the results of erosion and sediment can be tolerated, and water discharge can be maximized. The direction of optimizing land cover, mainly forest land cover, is in accordance with the proposed spatial patterns that have been set in each district. The implementation of the direction of optimizing forest land cover adjusted to the spatial pattern is expected to be a strategic alternative in maintaining the erosion balance in the upstream, sediment, and water discharge at each river outlet.
Analysis of micro-hydro potential based on landuse planning in the Kelara watershed
Authors: Muis M F , Barkey R A , Arsyad U , Nursaputra M
Published: October 2020

Energy needs to become an inseparable part of the community’s living needs, along with the rapid increase in development. The supply of electricity is carried out by PT PLN (Persero), as an official institution appointed by the government to manage electricity problems in Indonesia, so far it has not been able to meet the community’s need for electricity as a whole. So, it is necessary to develop the potential for renewable energy such as hydropower. Potential water resources that can be used as sources of electrical energy such as the Hydroelectric Power Plant and Micro-Hydro Power Plant. Based on these problems, this research was conducted to analyze the potential of micro-hydro using the Geographic Information System method with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and the application of spatial pattern plans to increase potential areas in micro-hydro development in Kelara Watershed, South Sulawesi. This research uses the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model approach and the calculation of hydraulic power. Classification of land cover in 2015 in Kelara watershed with vegetation is 6,469.45 ha (16.81%) of the total area of the watershed. The results showed that with 2015 land cover conditions, there were 22 sub-watersheds with the potential for micro-hydro development from 83 sub-watersheds in Kelara Watershed. Assuming a minimum of 10 kW of power is generated at any time, 12 sub-watersheds are obtained, which can be used for micro-hydropower plants. The implementation of the spatial plan in 2031 can reduce the number of potential sub-watersheds based on minimum discharge. The condition of land cover in 2015 amounted to 22 sub-watersheds, while in the spatial plan, there are 21 potential sub-watersheds.
In-Vitro Shoot Induction of Pring Tutul (Bambusa maculata) through in Various Plant Growth Regulators (PGR)
Authors: Larekeng S H , Gusmiaty G , Nadhilla D
Published: October 2020

Bamboo is one of the plants in the family of grass (Poaceae). The need for bamboo is increasing, but it has not been matched with innovative cultivation. Thus the population of bamboo in nature is decreasing. Induction of bamboo shoot can be used as an alternative method for plant multiplication in a short time through tissue culture. Additional plant growth regulators such as Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) are needed to induce bamboo shoots. The data were analyzed using the R Statistics software. Furthermore, the results showed that Murashige & Skoog (MS) media with the addition of 1 ppm of BAP and 0.5 ppm of IBA (M5) was the best combination to induce the number of shoots, shoot height, leaves length, and number of leaves in pring tutul.
The effect of planting media composition and provision of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth of Casuarina junghuhniana seedlings
Authors: Gana P , Paembonan S A , Umar A
Published: October 2020

The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of planting media composition and liquid organic fertilizer concentration as well as their interactions on the growth and quality of Casuarina junghuhniana seedlings. The experimental design used a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial experiment with five replications. The first factor was the planting media with the composition of topsoil (control), topsoil:sand:husk charcoal (1:1:1), topsoil:sand:husk charcoal (1:2:1), topsoil:sand:husk charcoal (1:1:2), topsoil:sand:husk charcoal (2:1:1). The second factor was liquid organic fertilizer with a concentration of 0 ml (control), 100 ml/10 liters of water, 200 ml/10 liters of water, 300 ml/10 liters of water, 400 ml/10 liters of water. Growth variables observed were height, trunk diameter, number of leaves, top root ratio, and seedling quality index. Then, data were analyzed with the HSD at a 5% confidence level. The results showed that the treatment of planting media combination with topsoil:sand:husk charcoal (2:1:1) and liquid organic fertilizer concentration of 400 ml/10 liters of water had the best responses.
Effect of compost enrichment with Trichoderma sp on the growth of Arabica coffee seedlings
Authors: Ala A , Musa Y , Kadola L
Published: October 2020

An experiment was conducted to determine and study the effect of adding Trichoderma sp. on compost for the growth of Arabica coffee seedlings (Coffea arabica L.). The research design was a complete randomized design (CRD) of a two-factor factorial pattern. Compost was the first factor consisted of 4 levels: 0 g per polybag, 100 g per polybag, 200 g per polybag, 300 g per polybag, and Trichoderma sp addition as the second factor consisting of 4 levels, namely: 0 g per polybag, 1 g per polybag, 2 g per polybag, 3 g per polybag. The results showed that the compost dosage of 300 g / polybag gave the best results on average leaf area parameters (22.22 cm), stem diameter (3.27 mm), and the highest percentage of succesful shoot grafting which was 86.11%. Addition of 2 g Trichoderma sp. per polybag gave the best results on leaf area at the age of 6 week after planting of 6.38 cm.
Growth and production of three chili varieties with liquid organic fertilizer application
Authors: Yassi A , Amin R , Waldani N
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to determine the best concentration of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and production of three chili varieties. An experiment was conducted with a Split Plot Design. The first factor was the seed variety, namely the variety of Dewata, Bara, and Maruti. The second factor was the concentration of SNN liquid organic fertilizer with a concentration of 0 cc L−1, 3 cc L−1, 4 cc L-1, 5 cc L−1. The results showed that the Liquid Organic Fertilizer treatment affected several observed parameters. The Maruti variety had the highest plant height of 59.39 cm and was significantly different from the other treatments, the flowering age parameter also showed that the Maruti variety showed an average the average age of the fastest flowering was at age 52.08 day after planting and significantly different in other treatments. The fruit length parameter showed that Bara variety has the longest fruit length (1.48 cm) and was significantly different from other treatments. There was an interaction between liquid organic fertilizer with seed varieties on the parameters of production with the highest production per hectare was achieved by the dose of 5 cc L−1 liquid fertilizer and Maruti varieties. The value was 1 ton per hectare.
Application of various types of local microorganisms to the growth and production of two rice varieties
Authors: Rafiuddin  , Mollah A , Pratiwi E
Published: October 2020

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of application of various types of local microorganisms (LM) to the growth and production of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties. The experiment was conducted in the form of a 2-factor factorial design trial in the Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor was the variety, namely: Variety Mira-1 and Diah Suci. The second factor was 6 types of LM, namely: LM of gamal leaf, LM of vegetable waste, LM of fruit waste, LM of banana suckers, LM of cow urine and a mixture of those five LM ingredients; Therefore, there were 12 treatment combinations. The results showed that the Diah Suci variety gave higher yields than the Mira-1 variety on plant height, panicle length, number of grains, percentage of grain filled per panicle, 1000 grain weight, and grain production per hectare (11.42 tons/ha) The application of a mixture of the five types of LM resulted in a shorter flowering age of 66.33 HST, and a shorter harvest age of 102.33 HST. There are no results that indicate interactions between varieties and types of LM.
Indonesia-Norway cooperation in reducing emission from deforestation and degradation framework: a case study of Central Kalimantan forest
Authors: Haeda N , Cangara A R , Culla A S , Burhanuddin  , Lumumba P , Apriliani A
Published: October 2020

This study aims to describe and explain how Indonesia’s cooperation with Norway in the conservation of Indonesia’s forests through the REDD+ Framework is related to the interests of both countries in carrying out this environmental cooperation as well as how the implementation of the REDD+ program that both countries have formed for Central Kalimantan’s forests. The method used by the writer is a descriptive method of analysis, and data collection techniques used by the author is a literature review. The authors analyzed the data using qualitative analysis techniques supported by quantitative data. The results of this research indicate that the cooperation between Indonesia and Norway certainly has different interests between the two countries. Indonesia itself has the interest to create a good image in the eyes of the international world. It is why Indonesia has a large forest but has various problems. Therefore, it takes a great commitment to maintaining its forests, while on the other hand, Norway has a moral obligation to developing countries that have a large forest. The implementation of the REDD+ program is activities conducted by various stakeholders that developed into the Letter of Intent signed by Indonesia and Norway.
The interrelation between actors in the hydrological function of green open space
Authors: Adeline E H , Hasibuan H S , Moersidik S S
Published: October 2020

The potential for real integration of Blue Open Space (BOS) in urban areas into the GI section is quite significant. Because of that, an understanding of the public, policymakers, academics, and professionals about the vulnerable and complex aspects of hydrology, especially groundwater resources, which are essential things done. This study using a qualitative method used for data collection through in-depth interviews. The role of institutions in the planning and management of Green Open Space (GOS) for hydrological functions that act as storage of water reserves and flood control knew by the interviews. The stakeholders came from the Central Government and DKI Jakarta Provincial Government with a total of 10 informants but the other names that come up from the interview added to the analysis process, so the total become 13. Blackbox on this network is the importance of the concept of integrating GOS with BOS in helping minimize Jakarta floods.
Value of concrete compressive strength with variation of candlenut shell applicated to plate on a non-destructive test using UPV
Authors: Nasruddin  , Sampebulu V , Mushar Pratiwi
Published: October 2020

Concrete began to use substitute materials to reduce the brittle nature. Substitution material is material that can replace concrete material both coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and cement with other materials, such as Portland cement with steel slag, broken stone (coarse aggregate) with pumice and other stones. One of the benefits of the concrete material substitution method is that it can use organic waste. Organic waste can be in the form of residual production or usage, one of which is the candlenut shell which is a waste of candlenutThe candlenut shell is a new potential that can be developed and utilized even greater. Of course It can increase the economic value of the candlenut shell which has only been known as a waste material from the candlenut. The composition of the candlenut shells are CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, MgO, H2O, Fe2O3. When all reacts, there will be residual SiO2 that has not yet reacted to form a silica derivative reaction with CSH-2 gel resulting in a denser CSH-3 gel, which will increase the cement paste and aggregate. The purpose of this discussion is to determine the compressive strength value of candlenut shell concrete at 0% and 30% variation on the plates using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) at 28 days. The method used is experimental by testing samples / specimens in the form of reinforced plate size of 50cmx25cmx12cm with wet curing and dry curing methods with a variation in age of 28 days. Concrete compressive strength testing is done using UPV tools. The results of this discussion are the compressive strength of 30% candlenut shell variations on the application of the plate shows that the quality of the concrete produced in the wet curing reaches 18 MPa or equivalent to the quality of the K 225 concrete and the dry curing is only 14 MPa or equivalent to the quality of K175, while the variation Candlenut shells 0% (normal concrete) reach 28 MPa on wet curing and 24 MPa on dry curing. This shows that the plate with a variation of 30% candlenut shells are still able to achieve concrete quality II for use in structural work.
Code switching applied by air traffic controller in air navigation services
Authors: Pratama Muhammad Dzikra Yaza , Yassi Abdul Hakim , Machmoed Hamzah A.
Published: October 2020

Air Traffic Controller is one of the occupations that mostly using language to interact on their service between them or to pilot and related units in air navigation service. To conduct ground to ground communication, a special language or radiotelephony, is deliberately created for air traffic controller and flight crew. In the ground to ground communication Air Traffic Controller using English for Specific Purposes (ESP) or aviation phraseology but in some case the Controller is applied to switch it into local language. The findings obtained regarding code switching in ground to ground communication amongst Air Traffic Service units occur when there is a message to be conveyed and purpose of the conversation not listed in the phraseology, that has been circulated in Document 9432 (Manual of Radiotelephony) published by International Civil Aviation Organization, where the message can be send clearly and precisely on target as desired by the messenger.
Metacognitive activities in solving linear programming problems
Authors: Hakim F , Murtafiah  , Muliana A , Amar M Y
Published: October 2020

Linear Programming is mathematical subject that are studied both at the secondary school level and the college level. In linear programming material, students are required to have good problem solving skills and problem solving is closely related to metacognitive activities. This study aims to describe the metacognitive activities of prospective teacher students in solving mathematical problems, especially linear programming. The subjects in this study consisted of two students with high mathematical abilities and good communication skills and expressions of opinion and had completed the Linear Programming course. Based on the results of giving tests and interviews to the subjects, it was concluded that metacognitive activities in the form of planning the thinking process, monitoring the thinking process, and evaluating the processes and results of thinking appear during the process of solving Linear Programming problems conducted by prospective teacher students.
Fashion and commercialism in architecture
Authors: Deapati AK , Wikantari R
Published: October 2020

Architecture and fashion are different in the product. The high consumptive nature of fashion followers turned it into a commercial field for the designers, in contrast to the architectural products that can be worth up to billions of money, which makes architecture difficult to renew its design in a short time. The western fashion cycle that changes every season, four times a year, is inversely related to the cycle of architecture that can last for years. Those things affected two phenomena of the recent issue of architecture and fashion, that (1) many buildings were found to be designed using fashion cycle principle that is always new and different since it can save the production costs, and (2) to satisfy their desire in design, some architects decided to switch the profession to become a fashion designer so they can produce more design in a year. This research focused on the first issue that aims to describe fashion as a commercial periodical concept that can be applied in the architectural field to increase the commercial value of the building and its environment through an example from the Western architecture in recent years. The paradigm used in the study is the post-positivistic type with qualitative research. The analysis technique used is a descriptive-explanative type through the non-textual content analysis of visual data (images, photos, and videos). The results showed that the essence of fashion as ‘clothes’, which alternated to always create a new image, is expected to continuously create innovations that can enrich the design field with less funding. On condition which did not affect the characters, the application of cross-concept and crossprofession had positive impacts on the development of architecture.
Application of soil and water conservation techniques based on community typologies in Bonto Saile watershed, Selayar island district
Authors: Riskawati  , Arsyad U , Bachtiar B , Wahyuni
Published: October 2020

These research purposes were to identify and to know the relationship between the application of soil and water conservation techniques with the typologies of the community in the Bonto Saile watershed Selayar district. The research was conducted from September to November 2017, which located in Benteng and Bontoharu districts. The data were collected from direct observation and interviews with respondents by using questionnaires and snowball sampling techniques. The data collected including age, level of education, level of income, number of dependents, and the area of cultivated land. The data were analyzed with the Chi-Square test (X2). The research found that the methods used for soil and water conservation techniques were vegetative techniques and mechanical techniques. Vegetative techniques included the use of crop residues, use of yard, and mixed gardening. While mechanical techniques were the bench terrace and the ridge terrace. Secondly, there is no significant relationship between the typology with the application of soil and water conservation techniques.
The influence of support condition on 2D frame structure
Authors: Suci Indah Melati , Arafat Andi Muhammad Alfian , Alie Muhammad Zubair Muis
Published: October 2020

The offshore structure like jacket, jack-up, gravity and tower can be categorized as a column structure subjected to vertical or horizontal load i.e. the structure is identic with the frame structure. Those structures may be idealized as a frame structure with axial or lateral loads acting on the braces. The present study focuses on the influence of support condition to response of the structure in terms of reactions, displacement and deformations. The support conditions are fixed and hinged at the bottom joint. The load distributions of 10 tonnes are applied at the horizontal brace at the top of the structure. The breadth and depth are 1 m and 1.5 m, respectively. The numerical method is performed to analyze the frame structure. The result obtained by numerical method for three models are compared in therms of support reactions, joint displacement and deformations.
Relationship analysis of participation and participation factor of water users farmer association (P3A) in the management of irrigation at Bantimurung irrigation area
Authors: Tenriawaru A N , Ramadhan R , Jamil M H , Fudjaja L , Viantika N M
Published: October 2020

The needs in irrigation water of farmers in farming management is higher nowadays. In addition to the demands in fulfilling the water needs in rice production activities, the ability of farmers to manage the water resources well also become a necessity. Saptana, DKK (2001), stated that water and irrigation resource management is considered as one of the key components for the improvement in food security. Irrigation water management depends on the level of farmer’s association of Farmers Water Users (P3A) as an organization that has the authority in the utilization, development and management of irrigation water. This research aims to analyze the relationship between participation factors with the participation rate of P3A members in the management of irrigation channels in Maros Regency. This research uses a qualitative-quantitative approach. Results showed that; age, land area, distance between paddy fields and irrigation channels is a factor that has a real connection with the participation rate of farmers in the management of irrigation channels. While the number of family members are dependents and education levels do not have a real connection with the participation rate of farmers in the management of irrigation channels.
Food security policy dilemma: A new institutionalism perspective
Authors: Amiruddin A , Fiqhi A N , Syam F , Asriani  , Yusri Zamhuri M
Published: October 2020

Food security is one out of primary concerns of national government and sub-national government for the sake of realizing national food security goal. There is a various policy has been implemented such as human capital enhancement, innovative technology, and preventing land conversion. However, the transformation of economic activity leads conversion from agricultural to non-agricultural land, thus, we analyze that there is dilemma in food security policy. This research uses new institutionalism perspective to analyze the dilemma of the policy. The national security policy could not fill the key problem of food security, where rational choice of actor is less out of the government concerns, therefore, the policy is less powerful in controlling the conversion of agricultural land.
From ideas to actions: the influence of policies and stakeholder perceptions in the development of sago technopark in Palopo City, Indonesia
Authors: Nuryanti Dewi Marwati , Salman D , Rampisela Dorothea Agnes , Sahide M Alief K.
Published: October 2020

The development of sago technopark in Palopo City is a manifestation of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between four local governments to advance sago in the Luwu region. In the MoU, Palopo is designed to be a thematic park that combines entertainment and education, Luwu is the center of SMEs areas in processing sago, North Luwu is a producer of seedling for sago cultivation, and East Luwu became a center for developing the technology of sago-based rehabilitation for post-mining land. For this reason, the government of Palopo City has formulated the Regional Action Plan (RAP) of Sago Technopark in Palopo (STP). This paper aims at analyzing the influence of this policy in the realization of the STP as well as to analyze stakeholder perceptions towards the development of the STP. The used methodology is the analysis of policy content to understand the substance of the program/activity, and the stakeholder analysis is used for capturing their perceptions about the urgency of STP. It was concluded that the policy affected the availability of infrastructure and detailed operational plans of STP however it was insufficient to realize the ideal type of a functional STP. Although stakeholders’ perceptions generally consider the importance of sago technopark, their contribution is still low. Furthermore, the management unit has not yet been formed to encourage the participation of various stakeholders in the realization of the STP idea.
The impact of UN-Habitat and ICLEI cooperation through Urban-LEDS program towards the development of low-emission cities in Indonesia
Authors: Zalsabila F , Cangara A R , Burhanuddin A , Baharuddin A , Marifat I D N
Published: October 2020

This study indicates that there are several supporting factors and challenges encountered in the implementation of Urban-LEDS in Indonesia. The supporting factors cover: (1) the initial involvement of Indonesia in its global commitments related to efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, such as Indonesia’s ratification of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol, entailing the efforts on mitigating climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emission; (2) the existence of regional planning and policies suited with the conditions and requirements of targeted cities of low-emission city development; and (3) multiple parties collaboration aiming to increase institutional capacity to carry out low emissions development. The biggest challenge of Urban-LEDS implementation, however, remains on the absence of regulation catering to the over-usage of motorized vehicles.
Reference tracking of dynamic system using prefilter and integral extension
Authors: Teto Jean Oscard Domguia , Jörg Seewig
Published: October 2020

In this paper, a control approach for reference tracking in state-space that combines two existing methods for designing two degrees-of-freedom controllers for reference tracking is presented. One of these methods is the use of a prefilter V to scale the reference input in order to compensate the existing DC-Gain of the closed-loop behavior. The second approach incorporates an integral extension in the state-space model by integrating the measured output and embedding it in the dynamic of the system to be controlled. Each of these approaches has advantages as well as disadvantages. By merging these two methods, the goal is to use the advantages of each method to overcome their drawbacks simultaneously.
A Physical-Based Observer for Vehicle State Estimation and Road Condition Monitoring
Authors: Lenzo B , Ottomano G , Strano S , Terzo M , Tordela C
Published: October 2020

The performance of the vehicle’s active safety systems depends on accurate knowledge of the vehicle state, and the frictional forces resulting from tyre contact and the road surface. This paper aims to estimate the vehicle states and tyre-road coefficient of friction through and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), integrated with the Double-Track model and the Pacejka Magic Formula that allows knowledge of the lateral force of the tyre. Besides, this approach can estimate the overall coefficient of lateral friction on each side of the vehicle, left and right respectively. Simulations based on a reference vehicle model are performed on different road surfaces and driving manoeuvres to verify the effectiveness of the proposed estimation method, in order to obtain good performance from different vehicle control systems.
An Active Compliance Control for A Robotic Wound Closure System
Authors: Currie Edward H. , Zhao Y. M , Kavoussi Louis , Rabbany Sina Y.
Published: October 2020

Most approaches to medical robotic compliance control rely upon forces, or torques, exerted on the mechanical arm links. The majority of robotic arms allow only position control, and orientation, of the end-effector. This paper uses a soft control technique to develop a position-correction, impedance method that leads to similar responses to the contact environment for simulation. The system is applied to control the contact force between a fixture and the skin in a robotic, vision-controlled, wound closure system. The experimental results show that the algorithm is successful in controlling contact force in fixture placement on different skin models.
The Innovation of Using 3D Printing Technology in Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering
Authors: Ahmed Waleed , Zaneldin Essam
Published: October 2020

One of the main challenges that the educator faces in integrating 3D printing technology in a traditional engineering course in the capability of introducing and merging the 3d printing technology at the right educational material. The paper aims to present the challenges and the achievements of integrating 3D printing technology in teaching design and manufacturing courses in the mechanical engineering department to enhance the students’ skills and engagement with the course material. One of the course experiments was nominated to introduce the 3D printing technology, where the students were asked to use the systematic design method as well as design matrix procedure to explore different options to come up with a solution to hold a mechanical component for quality control task. Besides, the students had to design an engineering measurement procedure to achieve the assigned mission of the experiment, where the mechanical part was described to present the main dimensions needed for the measurement sequence. Different groups submitted innovative ideas that were evaluated initially and discussed individually before submitting the final design and the holder prototype. The students presented a functional 3D printed prototype with a full report that clarifies the engineering procedure adopted to achieve the goal of the experiment. The innovation in the addressed solution revealed the importance of 3D printing technology to enhance the students’ skill and engagement with the course material and help them to encounter challenges to come up with creative engineering solutions.
Practical Reduction of Harmonics for Induction Generator with Simulator Mini Micro Hydro for Educational Purposes
Authors: Bakhri Syaiful , Dinata Seflahir , Toriqul Amien M , Saputra Yanwar
Published: October 2020

Micro Hydro Power Plant as one of the power generation that relies on waterfalls or river flows as the driving force. The generator produces harmonic voltage and current waves where these waves are a distorted wave disturbance causing multiplication in the fundamental frequency. This study aims to demonstrate practical and straightforward approaches to implement the appropriate filters in reducing harmonics in an induction generator for the micro hydropower. This approach could be useful for standalone rural/remote applications with a minimum competency of an electrical engineer to arranged the hydropower as well as for educational purposes at universities. Mini custom made micro-hydro simulator is employed. Two selected filters were chosen, i.e., Band Pass Filters and High Order Passive Filters as the harmonic dampers. The Bandpass filter able to reduce voltage harmonics without load, which is THDv 0.33% to 0.26% even though it is still far in the IEEE standard, i.e. 5%, and the bandpass filter does not affect while the system connected with the load. The high order passive filter can reduce the harmonic wave with THD 67 % becomes THDi 0.003% and THDv 0.40% to 0.17%. It was demonstrated that the applicability of this filter at the simulator could be employed to adjust the harmonics for the generated output of micro-hydro.
Interpretation of the category of “complex” in terms of dialectical positivism
Authors: Vitulyova Yelizaveta S , Bakirov Akhat S , Baipakbayeva Saltanat T , Suleimenov Ibragim E
Published: October 2020

The interpretation of the category of complex is given on the basis of dialectical positivism, in the framework of which the principle of dialectic symmetry is formulated. It, in turn, is based on the consideration of matter and information as paired dialectic categories. In accordance with this principle, information objects form a hierarchy similar to that which corresponds to different levels of matter organization (mechanical, chemical, biological, social). As “complex”, one should interpret the system that is the medium for the information object at least one level higher than the level related to trivial information (that is, one that is inextricably linked with the object itself). This level is the level corresponding to estranged information (simplifying information about a certain object recorded on another medium).