bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of coconut husk extract on broiler chicken performance, pH and microbial composition of digesta, and small intestine histomorphology
Authors: Rusdi R. , Hasanuddin A. , Mulyati M. , Fatmawati F.
Published: May 2022

Plants that contain a large number of bioactive substances have been used as alternative phytobi-otic additives. The objectives of the current study were to investigate the efficacy of coconut husk ex-tract on broiler performance, ileal digesta characteristic and small intestine morphology. Two hundred and fifty day-old-chicks (DOC) were randomly placed in five treatment groups with five replicates each, and the chickens were reared until six weeks old. Basal ration was hand mixed to ensure the re-quirements in the starter period and finisher period. Treatments were basal ration only (TCT-), basal ration with 40 ppm tetracycline (TCT+), basal ration with 100 ppm coconut husk extract (T100), basal ration with 400 ppm coconut husk extract (T400) and basal ration with 700 ppm coconut husk extract (T700). The variables included feed intake, live weight gain (LWG), feed to gain ratio (FCR), breast meat quality, pH and microbial composition of digesta and small intestine morphology. Data were sta-tistically analyzed using analysis of variances and comparison test using the Duncan’s multiple range test. The results demonstrated that the feed additives significantly increased feed intake, LWG, breast meat protein content, villi height in the ileum, and the height:crypt depth ratio in the duodenum and ileum, and significantly decreased the abundance of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and the pH of digesta (P<0.05). Therefore, coconut husk extract could be applied as a phytobiotic feed ad-ditive for broiler chickens to stimulate the growth of broilers, suppress colonies of harmful bacteria in the small intestine and enhance the improvement of intestinal morphology.
The Impact of Information Sources and Access to Health Facilities on the Continuity of Contraceptive Use
Authors: Agushybana Farid , Siramaneerat Issara , Islakhiyah Islakhiyah , Nisa Rofifatun
Published: May 2022

Background: The family planning program (Keluarga Berencana or KB) is one of the Indonesian government’s efforts to suppress population growth. The program focuses on contraceptive usage. However, in practice, the level of continuity of contraceptive use are still low. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of sources of information and access to health facilities on the continuity of contraceptive use.Method: This quantitative study with a cross-sectional design had 1,195 respondents with an age range of <20 years to >35 years. Data were collected through structured interviews and questionnaires. Univariate data analysis was conducted with frequency distribution; bivariate data analysis utilized crosstabs, and the multivariate analysis used logistic regression.Results: The continuity of contraceptive use was 91.9% among respondents who received information about the family planning program, either orally, on mass media, or electronically, and it was 82.8% among respondents who accessed family planning services. This study found that factors that influence the continuity of contraceptive use were sources of electronic media information (OR = 0.6633; 95% CI = 0.4852 – 0.9067; p = 0.010) and access to family planning services (OR = 2.677; 95% CI = 1.652 – 4.337; p = 0.001). These findings suggest that the sources of information and access to health facilities affect the continuity of contraceptive use.
Health Literacy and Utilization of Reproductive Health Services Among High School Students
Authors: Arifah Izzatul , Safari Afrin Linda Dewi , Fieryanjodi Diella
Published: May 2022

Background: Utilization of reproductive health service may improve adolescent health and prevent reproductive health problems in adulthood. However, the proportion of adolescents who uses the available services remains low. Many factors influenced the services use among adolescents. The relation of adolescents’ health literacy and reproductive health service use was not fully understood. This study intended to examine the relationship between health literacy and use of reproductive health counseling service among high school students in one school in Banyumas Regency, controlling other variables (knowledge, acceptability, age, and sex). Method:  A cross-sectional study was conducted in March-April 2021 in one high school (SMA Negeri 4 Purwokerto), Banyumas regency, Central Java Province. Samples were 170 students purposively chosen from the first and second grade who were willing to fill the self-administered online questionnaire. Data of health literacy were collected using eHEALS questionnaire. Other data were obtained using valid and reliable self-design questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was deployed to analyze the relationship between variables. Results: Health literacy had a significant relationship with the use of reproductive health services among adolescents. The probability of the reproductive health counseling service was doubled if they had a good health literacy level among students who had high acceptability toward the service and were female with an OR value of 2.1 (95% CI 1.01-4.49). In conclusion, adolescent’s health literacy level is associated with the utilization of reproductive health services. Further research is needed to confirm the association between the variables in more extensive settings.
Assessment of and Solutions to the Stormwater Management System of Auburn University Campus in Auburn, Alabama
Authors:   Auburn University, Molla Alamin , Mitra Chandana ,   Auburn University, Vasconcelos Jose ,   Auburn University
Published: May 2022

Stormwater management needs attention as it causes surface flooding and pollution of nearby waterbodies. Parkerson Mill Creek in Auburn University, which gets polluted through surface runoff, is an example of this. In this study, a Personal Computer Stormwater Management Model (PCSWMM) was used to determine the susceptibility of the existing stormwater network to flooding on the Auburn University campus. Maximum water velocity mapping was used to identify areas associated with 3 categories of velocity (high, medium, and low) to find areas of potential erosion. Among the various sustainable stormwater management initiatives, it was found through a literature review that bioretention cells had the greatest potential to improve stormwater quality by screening pollutants from runoff water as well as minimizing erosion by reducing surface water velocity. Suitability analysis for bioretention cells identified 8 areas on the campus where bioretention cell could be installed for the most effective stormwater management. This study highlights the usability of PCSWMM models and techniques in increasing the efficiency of the stormwater system in any locality.
Influence of ammonium octamolybdate on flame retardancy and smoke suppression of PVC matrix flame retardant composites
Authors: Xu Jianlin , Li Chengsi , Ren Shibo , Niu Lei , Bai Qingwen , Li Xiang
Published: May 2022

In order to improve the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ammonium octamolybdate (AOM)/nano-antimony trioxide (nano-Sb2O3)/dioctyl Phthalate (DOP)/PVC composites were prepared by high energy ball milling and melt blending methods using AOM as the smoke suppressant. The effects of AOM on the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of the PVC composites were studied by means of vertical burning tests (UL-94), limiting oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cone calorimetry (CCT). The results showed that the flame retardancy of PVC composites containing AOM was improved, namely the UL-94 grade of the composites reached the V-0 grade and the LOI increased from 22.3% to 30.6%, whilst the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), total smoke production (TSR) and smoke factor (SF) decreased significantly. In addition, AOM could promote the dehydrochlorination reaction of the PVC composites at lower temperature, resulting in more compact and continuous char residues. Therefore, AOM is an effective smoke suppressant and has a good synergistic flame retardant effect with nano-Sb2O3 in flame retardant PVC matrix composites.
Die Bewertung betrieblicher Maßnahmen im COVID-19-Modul des COPSOQ
Authors: Häberle Nicola , Lindner Alexandra , Vomstein Martin , Nolle Inga , Haug Ariane , Nübling Matthias , Lincke Hans-Joachim
Published: May 2022

Die COVID-19-Pandemie hat Organisationen vor große Herausforderungen gestellt. Durch Befragungen mit dem COVID-19 Zusatzmodul zum COPSOQ liegen die Angaben von 30.754 Beschäftigten zur Bewertung von betrieblichen Maßnahmen vor. Insgesamt fühlen sich die Befragten durch die Schutzmaßnahmen in Bezug auf das Virus gut geschützt (M = 72,9; Skala 0-100) und über die betrieblichen Maßnahmen gut informiert (M = 71,9). Unter dem Aspekt der organisationalen Gesundheitskompetenz sind allerdings zielgruppengerechte Informationsmaterialien von Bedeutung.
Förderung der digitalen Gesundheitskompetenz durch das Programm „KundiG“
Authors: Seidel Gabriele , Danner Martin , Hundertmark-Mayser Jutta , Krug Jens , Dierks Marie-Luise
Published: May 2022

Die Förderung der digitalen Gesundheitskompetenz ist Ziel des partizipativ entwickelten Kursprogramms „KundiG – Klug und digital durch das Gesundheitswesen“. Unter Nutzung interaktiver Lernelemente werden Teilnehmende (TN) darin unterstützt, digitale Gesundheitsinformationen, -angebote und -anwendungen zu finden, zu verstehen, kritisch zu bewerten und ggf. anzuwenden. Erste Erfahrungen zeigen, dass TN einen Wissenszuwachs erleben und ihre Zuversicht im Umgang mit digitalen Angeboten ansteigt.
Coronaspezifische Gesundheitskompetenz zu drei Messzeitpunkten
Authors: Okan Orkan , Bollweg Torsten Michael , Bauer Ullrich , Hurrelmann Klaus , Schaeffer Doris
Published: May 2022

Die coronaspezifische Gesundheitskompetenz der Bevölkerung in Deutschland lag im Jahr 2020 zwischen 34,8% und 50,1%, wobei sie sich im Jahresverlauf signifikant verbessert hatte. Einem großen Teil der Bevölkerung fällt es nicht immer leicht, mit Gesundheitsinformationen zu Covid-19 umzugehen, so wie es die hier beschriebene HLS-Covid-19 Studie zur coronaspezifischen Gesundheitskompetenz aufzeigt. Die größte Herausforderung stellt das Beurteilen von Informationen dar. Die Ergebnisse deuten zudem auf einen sozialen Gradienten für niedrige coronaspezifische Gesundheitskompetenz hin.
Gesundheitskompetenz in der Allgemeinbevölkerung im Kontext der COVID-19 Pandemie
Authors: Matterne Uwe , Apfelbacher Christian , Hasenpusch Claudia
Published: May 2022

Zur Bewältigung der COVID-19 Pandemie wird der Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) der Bevölkerung eine entscheidende Rolle zugeschrieben. Surveys zur Erfassung der subjektiven COVID-19 bezogenen GK belegen eine unzureichende GK in der Bevölkerung. Interventionen sollten diese stärken.
Long-term biopsychosocial issues and health-related quality of life in young adolescents and adults treated for childhood Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, type 1
Authors: Finnmann Munk Anne Sofie , Petersen Kristian Kjær , Bødtker Søren , Walther-Larsen Søren , Aagaard Gitte Bruun , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Wong Christian
Published: May 2022

Objectives

Treatment for childhood Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is associated with long-term recovery. The present study aimed to investigate the long-term biopsychosocial status and quality of life in young adolescents and adults after the treatment of childhood CRPS.

Methods

A 4 year follow-up of individuals with childhood-CRPS, type 1 (n=22; age:12 years (years) [median] at treatment and 17 years at follow-up) was completed. Biopsychosocial status and quality of life were assessed with structured interviews, using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Pediatric Pain Coping Inventory (PPCI), and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Comparisons were made with normative samples of age-matched controls.

Results

CRPS at follow-up was still present in seven out of 22, and non-CRPS pain symptoms were found in 12 out of 22 individuals. Signs of mental health pain-related problems, including phobias and obsessive-compulsive disorder, were observed in ten out of 19 individuals. Mental well-being, social functioning, and quality of life (SDQ and PedsQL) were independent of pain status (p>0.05). Adaptive pain coping strategies were utilized regardless of pain status (PPCI). Social functioning (p<0.01) and the quality of life (p=0.01) were attenuated and statistically significantly poorer than healthy age-matched young adults but better than for fibromyalgia subjects.

Conclusions

A subset of individuals treated for childhood-CRPS, type 1 experiences long-term consequences of persistent pain, a decrease in quality of life indicators, and demonstrates significant psychosocial issues. Childhood-CRPS is suggested to be associated with long-term psychosocial consequences and poorer quality of life than found in age-related healthy peers. Subjects treated for childhood CRPS may need a longer clinical follow-up attempting to preclude relapse of CRPS and non-CRPS pain.
Knowledge and Practices of Students Regarding the Use of Face Masks to Limit the Spread of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Authors:   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Sabir Burhan , Sideeq Shahab ,   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Omer Yousif ,   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Khalaf Nasir ,   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq., Ali Sideeq ,   Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq.
Published: May 2022

Background and Objectives: Many countries are implementing face masks as part of their pandemic prevention strategies. Because the virus is so widespread, incorrect usage and disposal of masks can increase the transmission rate. The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge and practices of students in wearing facemask to prevent the spread of the new coronavirus (COVID-19). Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 365 undergraduate students at Hawler Medical University was conducted from June 15th to October 15th, 2021. The data was gathered through direct interviews using a questionnaire that had been modified include demographic information, ten questions about knowledge, and 17 questions about practices for using surgical face masks to reduce COVID-19 exposure. Result: The result revealed that highest percentage of students were 18 to 20 years old (66.6%). Most of the participants in this study were female (59.5%). Participants demonstrated fair knowledge (N=218, 59.7%). Concerning the using surgical facemask to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and good practical knowledge (N=273, 74.8%). The highest levels of practical knowledge were related to wearing face masks in hospital premises to protect against COVID-19 (91.8%) and wearing masks in public spaces to protect against COVID-19 (87.1%). Conclusion: The studied students had a poor understanding of how to utilize face masks. Enhancing one’s knowledge and appropriate use of face masks takes time and effort. It is necessary to implement massive education campaigns at the level of Hawler Medical University to increase the proportion of knowledge about COVID-19 and stop its spread.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices related to COVID-19 among People in Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors:   Surgical Specialist Hospital-Cardiac Center, Ministry of Health, Erbil- Iraq, Ahmed Shalaw , Al-Banna Dara ,   Department of Nursing, Tishk International University and Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Shakor Jamal ,   Nursing Department, Darbandikhan Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Nariman Sairan ,   College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, Taha Ari ,   Surgical Specialist Hospital-Cardiac Center, Ministry of Health-Kurdistan Region-Erbil- Iraq
Published: May 2022

Background and objective: COVID-19 illness is a serious public health concern worldwide. The people in Iraqi Kurdistan have little knowledge about Coronaviruses. It was noticed that in the Kurdistan Region, the COVID-19 infection was not dealt with as required in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and practice. This study aimed to identify the level of knowledge and attitudes of Kurdish people in addition to their practices concerning COVID-19. Methods: This study adopted an online cross-sectional survey design and was conducted from March 23 to April 2, 2020, to collect data from Iraqi Kurdistan Region citizens who were asked about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19. Results: The majority of the study participants were young and male (62.5%). Most respondents (92.9%) were optimistic that the government could take necessary procedures to reduce the risks of COVID-19 infection. Less than half of the participants wore masks and gloves when they left home (41.4%, 45.1% males and females respectively). Most of the participants had good knowledge (74%), and good practice (64.6%), and the vast majority had a positive attitude (98.1%) concerning COVID-19. Conclusions: Less than half of the participants who got engaged in this study wore masks and gloves whenever they went out. Hereby, the participants are to be provided with an extensive health education program so they can increase their awareness of COVID-19 infection.
Explant analysis and implant registries are both needed to further improve patient safety
Authors: Morlock M M , Gomez-Barrena E , Wirtz D C , Hart A , Kretzer J P
Published: May 2022

In the early days of total joint replacement, implant fracture, material problems and wear presented major problems for the long-term success of the operation.

Today, failures directly related to the implant comprise only 2–3% of the reasons for revision surgeries, which is a result of the material and design improvements in combination with the standardization of pre-clinical testing methods and the post-market surveillance required by the legal regulation.

Arthroplasty registers are very effective tools to document the long-term clinical performance of implants and implantation techniques such as fixation methods in combination with patient characteristics.

Revisions due to implant failure are initially not reflected by the registries due to their small number.

Explant analysis including patient, clinical and imaging documentation is crucial to identify failure mechanisms early enough to prevent massive failures detectable in the registries.

In the past, early reaction was not always successful, since explant analysis studies have either been performed late or the results did not trigger preventive measures until clinical failures affected a substantial number of patients.

The identification of implant-related problems is only possible if all failures are reported and related to the number of implantations.

A system that analyses all explants from revisions attributed to implant failure is mandatory to reduce failures, allowing improvement of risk assessment in the regulatory process.
Increased osteoblast GαS level determines bone response to hyperparathyroidism in female mice
Authors: Zhang Lucia , Lee Kathy K , Sugamori Kim S , Grynpas Marc D , Mitchell Jane
Published: May 2022

GS, the stimulatory heterotrimeric G protein, is an essential regulator of osteogenesis and bone turnover. To determine if increasing GαS in osteoblasts alters bone responses to hyperparathyroidism, we used a transgenic mouse line overexpressing GαS in osteoblasts (GS-Tg mice). Primary osteoblasts from GS-Tg mice showed increased basal and parathyroid hormone (PTH)-stimulated cAMP and greater responses to PTH than cells from WT mice. Skeletal responses to 2-week continuous PTH administration (cPTH) in female mice resulted in trabecular bone loss in WT mice but 74% and 34% increase in trabecular bone mass in long bones and vertebrae, respectively, in GS-Tg mice. Vertebral biomechanical strength was compromised by cPTH treatment in WT mice but not in GS-Tg. Increased peritrabecular fibrosis was greatly increased by cPTH in Gs-Tg compared to WT mice and corresponded with greater increases in Wnt pathway proteins in trabecular bone. Cortical bone responded negatively to cPTH in WT and Gs-Tg mice with large increases in porosity, decreased cortical thickness and compromised biomechanical properties. These results demonstrate that hyperparathyroidism can increase trabecular bone when GS expression and cAMP stimulation in osteoblasts are increased but this is not the case in cortical bone where increased GS expression exacerbates cortical bone loss.
Aşım sezonunda senkronize edilen Kangal ırkı koyunlarda vitamin ve mineral desteğinin gebelik oranları üzerine etkisi
Authors: Kıvrak Mehmet Buğra , Takcı Abdurrahman , Bölükbaş Bora , Yüksel Murat
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmada aşım sezonunda senkronize edilen Kangal ırkı koyunlara parenteral vitamin (β-karoten ve vitamin E) ve/veya iz element (selenyum, manganez, bakır, çinko) uygulamalarının gebelik oranları üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sunulan çalışma 200 adet Kangal ırkı koyun ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen hayvanlar rastgele 4 eşit gruba ayrıldı. Çalışmada bulunan tüm gruplara 11 gün arayla prostaglandin (PGF2α) enjeksiyonu yapıldı. Kontrol grubuna (1. Grup) çift doz PGF2α enjeksiyonu dışında herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı. İkinci gruba ilk PGF2α enjeksiyonuyla birlikte β-karoten ve E vitamini; Üçüncü gruba iz element (selenyum, manganez, bakır, çinko) enjeksiyonu yapıldı. Bu mikrobesinlerin birlikte nasıl etki gösterdiklerini belirlemek amacıyla dördüncü gruba hem vitamin hem de iz element kombinasyonu uygulandı. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen tüm hayvanlara son PGF2α uygulamasından 48 saat sonra koç katımı yapıldı. Koç katımı sonrası 35. ve 60. günde transabdominal yöntemle ultrasonografik gebelik muayenesi yapıldı. Kontrol, 2., 3. ve 4. grupların 35. gün muayenesindeki gebelik oranları sırasıyla %64, %62, %50 ve %60 olarak; 60. gün muayenesindeki gebelik oranları sırasıyla %62, %60, %50 ve %59 olarak belirlendi. Gruplarda elde edilen gebelik oranları karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel farklılık görülmedi. Geç embriyonik ölüm ve erken fetal ölüm oranları bakımından da belirgin istatistik farklılık tespit edilmedi. Senkronizasyon başlangıcında vitamin ve mineral takviyesinin fertiliteyi etkilemediği ancak senkronizasyon başlangıcından en az 15 gün önce veya tekrarlı yapılan vitamin ve iz element takviyesinin fertiliteyi artırabileceği kanısına varıldı.
“And Going Down to the Coffin…”: on Dostoevsky’s Meeting with Merezhkovsky in 1880
Authors: Bogdanova Olga
Published: May 2022

For the first time in Dostoevsky studies, the article analyzes closely and comprehensively the visit of the Silver Age aspiring poet, novelist and critic D. S. Merezhkovsky to the St. Petersburg apartment of the great writer in Kuznechny Lane, which took place at the end of 1880. Dostoevsky’s own testimony about this event is missing. All the sources known to date are reviewed and compared: “secondary memoirs” by N. S. Leskov (1888), memoirs by V. Mikulich (L. I. Veselitskaya) (1899) and “Autobiographical note” by Merezhkovsky (1913). The biographical, historical and literary context of the event has been recreated, and a more precise date of the visit has been established. As a result of the conducted research, it is concluded that the fragment from Merezhkovsky’s “Autobiographical note” dedicated to the 1880 meeting with Dostoevsky contains a bright, vivid, memorable image of the great writer and religious prophet, but it requires caution when viewed as a memoir testimony. The first reason is the “exculpatory” polemical message in regard to the interpretations of Leskov and Mikulich. The second is Merezhkovsky’s involvement in the general strategy of life-creating “self-creation.” Finally, the portrait of Dostoevsky presented here is not authentic, but is developed as a mythical artistic image based on a number of reliable empirical details, which has absorbed the ambiguous attitude of the symbolist writer to his great predecessor.
Optimization of macroeconomic policy and stabilization of cyclical economic dynamics
Authors:   State Institution “Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine”, Bandura Oleksandr
Published: May 2022

This paper demonstrates that, despite the current mandate of monetary policy, its final goal (at least for central banks of developed countries) is the control of three main macroeconomic variables — economic growth, employment and inflation, — regardless on actual mandate for this policy. However, the priorities of realization of the final goal may face the imperfection of macroeconomic models and rules of monetary policy, which will make it impossible to control all three macroeconomic variables at the same time. The article proposes a new instrument for monetary policy — aggregate cumulative market imperfection — to optimize macroeconomic variables and stabilize cyclical economic dynamics. The author demonstrates the main competitive advantages of this instrument of monetary policy as compared with typical models of macroeconomic dynamics and simple rules of monetary policy (Simons, Friedman, and Taylor rules). In particular, this instrument is valid for any combination of market conditions, for any economy and for any moment of real time. It can be used simultaneously as: 1) a target of monetary policy; 2) a simple rule of monetary policy correction in the short-run; 3) a reaction function to evaluate a backward connection between the regulator’s actions and the effect of these actions on current economic situation; and 4) an instrument to stabilize cyclical economic dynamics; 5) an instrument to forecast starting (ending) point of recessions and shift in macroeconomic trends. If we can hold the aggregate cumulative market imperfection within a given optimal interval with the help of government regulations (i.e. to target this indicator only) using all possible instruments both of monetary, and (if necessary) of other kinds of regulation policy, we will be able to optimize all three main macroeconomic variables. Optimality of these variables means providing maximum economic growth and employment under comfortable inflation for any combination of market conditions and for any moment of calendar time, which will at the same time stabilize cyclical economic dynamics. In doing so, we will not target each of these three variables separately, that is, it is practically impossible to determine quantitatively their optimal values as they change permanently over time together with the constant change of current combination of market conditions.
Kinetic theory of absorption of ultrashort laser pulses by ensembles of metallic nanoparticles under conditions of surface plasmon resonance
Authors:   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Biliuk A. A. , Semchuk O. Yu. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Havryliuk O. O. ,   Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: May 2022

This paper presents a theory that allows one to calculate the energy absorbed by spheroidal metal nanoparticles when irradiated by ultrashort laser pulses of different duration in the region of surface plasmon resonance. Simple analytical expressions are obtained to calculate the absorption energy dependent on the frequency of carrier laser wave, on the pulse duration, and on the ratio between the axes of the ellipsoids. It is shown that at the frequency of the carrier (laser) wave, which coincides with that of the surface plasmon, the maximum absorption is observed for spherical nanoparticles. As the carrier frequency deviates from the surface plasmon one, two maxima appear in the absorption spectrum, dependent on the ratio of spheroidal axes: one corresponds to the elongated particles and the other to the flattened ones.
Impact of Didactic Satellite in Space Maturity Improvement: A Review Paper
Authors:   Department of Science and Technology, College of Ranyah, Taif University, BEN BAHRI O.
Published: May 2022

Space technology is becoming increasingly important in modern society. It participates in the construction of the future and the welfare of humanity through many applications in daily life. These factors lead to the need for training, research, and development in this area of space exploration. This paper reviews the use of small satellites to acquire basic knowledge of the space sector. Further development of this knowledge leads to the creation of space missions, which, in turn, ensure the progress of the space technology readiness level (TRL), defined by the international measurement scale. It is able to estimate technological maturity. The review concludes that the use of low-cost or didactic satellites could contribute to space mission development and demonstration. We reckon that embedded components with functions similar to smartphones can be used to achieve this goal. Two types of embedded components are discussed to demonstrate their efficacy in space engineering.
CHANGES OF CHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF POLTAVA REGION SOILS OF UKRAINE FOR THE LAST 130 YEARS
Authors: Ponomarenko O.M. , Nykyforov V.V. , Yakovenko V.M.
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the scientific publication is a comparative analysis of the chemical composition and microstructure of modern samples of typical chernozems (Vermic Haplic Chernozem) and meadow-typical chernozem soils (Gleyic Chernozem) with 130-year-old samples taken by V.I. Vernadsky in the Kremenchuk district of Poltava region. Age-related changes in the content of organic matter and oxides revealed significant differences in the genesis of natural and agrogenic edaphotopes of the southern of Poltava region. In the conditions of natural edaphotopes, an increase in the total humus content by an average of 0.8 % in five cases out of six is recorded. On the other hand, for all soil samples from agrogenic edaphotopes, a decrease in the humus content by an average of 1.1 % is identified. A slight (1.1 times) but more intense increase in the content of silica (SiO2) in agrogenic edaphotopes (almost 10 %), compared with edaphotopes of natural biogeocenoses (by 5.5 %), as well as an increase in the content of alumina (Al2O3) on average in two times (by 3.7 %) are established. A decrease in the content of Phosphorus compounds by an average of 1.4 times (by 0.1%) against the background of an increase in the content of substances containing Potassium by 7.5 times (by 1.4 %) is registered. The homogeneity of the micromorphological organization of organogenic and mineral components of soils of modern samples and samples taken 130 years ago is revealed. Based on the research results, recommendations for the scientific substantiation of a comprehensive project of environmental measures aimed at protection and balanced uses of Poltava soils are formulated.
DATABASE OF PALEOSOIL RESEARCH OF THE HOLOCENE WITHIN THE PLAINS OF UKRAINE ON THE BASIS OF GIS TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Kushnir Anatolii , Leiberiuk Oleksandr
Published: May 2022

Today, the study of the development of Holocene nature and its individual components within the territory of Ukraine is quite active. The research results are reflected in dissertations and monographs as well as in numerous publications. But there is no separate generalizing scientific work linking all the available information. The aim of our work was the creation and maximum filling of the spatial database according to the results of paleosoil study of Holocene deposits of the plain territory of Ukraine on the basis of the conducted researches and to highlight perspectives of the development of such database. In the course of work an unified database of paleosoil researches of Holocene deposits of the territory of Ukraine was created. We used Opensource programs for the database creation. Some criteria for the implementation of the modern paleogeographic databases have been established. The attributive structure of the main paleosoil characteristics of the Holocene period has been formed and substantiated. The following blocks have been identified to characterize the paleosoil section as an object of study: 1) spatial reference (administrative, physical-geographical, geographical coordinates); 2) information about the study of the object (the name of the scientist and the year of study); 3) characteristics of the section (used research methods, type of modern and buried soil, thickness of the soil profile); 4) dating of deposits (paleogeographic and archaeological) 5) graphic materials; 6) references. The created database made it possible to determine the current state of paleosoil studies of the Holocene of the plain part of Ukraine in the territorial and chronological context, and also determined further perspectives for its development.
PUBLIC IMAGE OF GEOGRAPHY IN THE CONTEXT OF BASIC SECONDARY EDUCATION STANDARDS TRANSFORMATION: UKRAINIAN AND WORLD EXPERIENCE
Authors: Malchykova D.S. , Mezentsev K.V.
Published: May 2022

This paper aims at the analysis of basic geographical education standards transformation in Ukraine and foreign countries in the XXI century, and their influence on the public image of geography. The volume and duration of compulsory geography education in Ukraine have gradually reduced. Moreover, in the standards of basic secondary education it was partly included into integrated courses and broad academic fields. It have caused significant transformations of public perception and awareness of geography as a science, academic field, and sphere of career opportunities, led to a decline of public demand for geographers. However, world experience shows that geographical literacy is recognized as an essential condition that increase territorial competitiveness and quality of life, contributes to environment protection, and ensure national security through the development of unique cognitive skills, as spatial thinking, spatial culture, and spatial citizenship. It is argued that transformation and renovation of geography teaching methods and content should include: a) implementation of learning approaches that stimulate interest to study local, regional and international issues and support decision making based on understanding of space and spatial relationships; b) development of educational strategies using innovations and practices of geomedia resources implementation as a digital learning environment; c) regular cartographic support of academic process in geography on the principle of “teaching with GIS, not about GIS”; d) use of active learning techniques for the development of spatial thinking/literacy/ citizenship; e) implementation of projects on landscape structure and perception analysis, based on both traditional techniques (fieldworks, observations, reading and interpreting maps), and new technologies of geomedia resources; f) strengthening the emphasis on understanding of human-environmental interactions in school geography program as a particularly important topic in terms of education for sustainable development.
“Sonny’s Blues”, de James Baldwin, e a literatura como canção urgente para o nosso tempo
Authors: Coswosk Jânderson Albino , Salgueiro Maria Aparecida Andrade
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo discute a encenação da vulnerabilidade da juventude afro-americana no que concerne ao sistema prisional estadunidense, bem como sua política de Guerra às Drogas e segregação habitacional a partir do conto “Sonny’s Blues”, de James Baldwin (1924-1987). Enfatizamos como os jovens negros retratados na narrativa são os mais atingidos pelo estereótipo do criminoso e pela violência policial nos Estados Unidos, o que implica em sua marginalização e patologização. A partir dessa premissa, exploramos as estratégias que o escritor utiliza para sobrepor a vida dos personagens à morte, à violência e à dependência química por meio dos usos do blues, uma vez que a musicalidade no conto se torna um instrumento de liberação do corpo negro da aniquilação física e simbólica.
First molecular detection of Maedi-Visna virus in Awassi sheep of Middle Iraq regions
Authors: Mosa A. H , Zenad M. M.
Published: May 2022

Respiratory viral infections cause significant economic losses in sheep production. This preliminary molecular study aimed to detect the Maedi-Visna virus infection in Awassi sheep in three governorates in the middle region of Iraq. The presence of one or more of the specific four genes (gag, pol, env and LTR) were considered as positive result. A total of 210 blood samples of Awassi sheep were collected for the purpose of the project. The molecular prevalence of Maedi-Visna virus in sheep was 12.85% (27/210). As a result, Maedi-Visna virus was observed in sheep with chronic respiratory system disease with non-significant difference between governorates and between primers percentage (P>0.05). Sequencing studies strongly suggested that Maedi-Visna virus originated in Iraq. This is the first study describing Iraqi Maedi-Visna virus sequences with molecular characterisation of gag, pol, env and LTR genes, suggesting that Maedi-Visna virus originated in Iraq.
In vitro effect of tetracycline antibiotics on Trueperella pyogenes isolated from cows with metritis
Authors: Petkova Ts. , Rusenova N.
Published: May 2022

Trueperella pyogenes is associated with endometritis and metritis in cows. Traditionally these diseases are treated with antibiotics while new approaches include application of the mucolytic N-acetylcysteine. Therefore the study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of clinical Trueperella pyogenes isolates (n=2) to oxytetracycline, doxycycline, N-acetylcysteine and their combinations. The potential for biofilm formation with/without tested drugs was investigated by the method of crystal violet staining. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of oxytetracycline for T. pyogenes 1 and 2 were 16 and 64 µg/mL, respectively. MIC of doxycycline for both isolates was 32 µg/mL and for N-acetylcysteine - 8 mg/mL. Both Trueperella pyogenes isolates did not form biofilm. The growth of T. pyogenes 1 cultured in the presence of either oxytetracycline or doxycycline (0.0078–128 µg/mL) under conditions for biofilm formation was significantly inhibited at concentrations ≥ 1 μg/mL and 8 μg/mL, respectively. The growth of T. pyogenes 2 was not affected by the antibiotics. N-acetylcysteine at ≥ 4 mg/mL resulted in significant inhibition of the growth of both isolates and its combinations with the antibiotics did not inhibit their growth. The effect of N-acetylcysteine should be validated in clinical settings but its combinations with tetracyclines were not able to improve the sensitivity of T. pyogenes, isolated from cows with clinical metritis.
Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dalam Film Animasi Salahuddin Al-Ayyubi
Authors: Primadani Erip
Published: May 2022

This article discusses speech acts in the animated film Salahuddin al-Ayyubi. This research method is descriptive qualitative. By using the method of listening and recording the data in the form of words and sentences in this film were collected and analyzed. The formal object as a scalpel in this research is pragmatics, namely the theory of illocutionary speech acts. The results showed that in the film Salahudduin al-Ayyubi episode 1 there were 37 illocutionary speech acts. Judging from the type, of the 37 illocutionary speech acts, there are 4 types of illocutionary acts consisting of 22 directive illocutionary speech acts, 6 assertive illocutions, 7 commissive illocutions and 8 expressive illocutions. Judging from the literal and direct illocutionary speech acts, of the 37 illocutionary speech acts there are 15 literal and direct speech acts, 1 indirect and literal speech act, 9 literal and indirect speech acts, and 12 non-literal and indirect speech acts.
The effect of nitrogen fertilisation on yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Omar S. , Abd Ghani R. , Khaeim H. , Sghaier A.H. , Jolánkai M.
Published: May 2022

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most essential nutrients affecting the yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.). A field experiment was conducted at the experimental plot of the Department of Agronomy, The Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hungary, to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilisation on the yield and quality of maize. The experimental site included four observation plots with a net of 2 × 5 m size. Four N levels of T1, T2, T3, and T4 were sprayed at indicated plants in four replications according to treatment viz. 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha−1. Nitrogen application in general does not significantly affect maize yield, its components, or grain quality. However, out of the four N treatments, the optimal N application between 50–100 kg N ha−1 potentially increased the yield, also the total expression of protein and starch contents in maize can be achieved with the right amount of N fertiliser, indicating that the treatment could produce a high grain yield as well as high protein and starch contents. Good N fertilising practice will boost the maize's nutritional value and make it more significant in the agriculture in the future. In addition, more research and assessment are essential to acquire the most benefit from the effect of optimal N application on maize yield and quality, and the findings could be beneficial to researchers and growers.
Influência do colágeno tipo I na propriedade físico-química, morfológica e biológica de blendas poliméricas de PLGA para aplicação oftálmica
Authors: de Barros Ferreira André , Sales Ana Flávia Rodrigues , Nicodemos da Silva Sidney , Michelle Freitas Kátia
Published: May 2022

RESUMO Implantes biodegradáveis associados ao sistema de liberação de drogas são promissores para o sucesso do tratamento de doenças oftálmicas. Dentre os diversos materiais empregados para o desenvolvimento desses dispositivos, o colágeno possui propriedades singulares e bastante consideráveis na biomédica como a biocompatibilidade e segurança conhecidas. O presente estudo desenvolveu blendas poliméricas e investigou a influência do colágeno nas características térmicas, química, morfológicas e biológicas, em combinação com PLGA (poli-ácido lático-co-glicólico). As blendas foram obtidas em diferentes proporções de PLGA e colágeno: P75C25 (75 % PLGA e 25 % colágeno) e P50C50 (50 % PLGA e 50% colágeno). Em análises de difratometria de raio X (DRX) e espectroscopia de infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), os produtos obtidos preservaram a propriedade amorfa e apresentaram semelhanças nos perfis de espectro de absorção de bandas em relação as matrizes poliméricas. O aumento de colágeno é inversamente proporcional à redução do pico de temperatura de degradação térmica sem perda máxima de massa da blenda, ao contrário do que foi observado na amostra P75C25. Além disso, P50C50 apresentou redução de molhabilidade, ou seja, menor hidratação que contribuiu na degradação controlada da blenda e uma morfologia heterogênea. Na caracterização biológica, ambas amostras apresentaram características hemocompatíveis sem alteração morfológica dos linfócitos isolados ou mudança nos níveis de espécies reativas de oxigênio. Desse modo, as blendas poliméricas podem ser potencialmente aplicáveis como uma plataforma multifuncional visando o aprisionamento e sistema de liberação de fármacos.
Leadership in Nursing and Health Care in the Light of Complexity Thinking
Authors: Stein Backes Dirce , Gomes Regina Celia de Castro , Rupolo Irani , Büscher Andreas , da Silva Maria Júlia Pais , Ferreira Carla Lizandra de Lima
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT This study aims to perform a critical-reflective analysis of leadership in nursing and health in the light of complexity thinking. This is a theoretical-reflexive essay based on the framework of complexity thinking. A parallel is conceived between traditional Cartesian leadership, outlined from a defined linear hierarchical structure, and leadership from a systemic-complex perspective. A schematic structure is demonstrated between the pyramidal conception and systemic-complex leadership, leading to circularity, complementarity, interdependence, and interactivity. Leadership’s central role in nursing and health care is reaffirmed based on interactive, dialogic, and interdependent movements. The theoretical reflection calls for evolutionary and shared leadership in nursing and health, determined by the quality of interactions between members and different systems, in order to respond to the complexity of health phenomena quickly, effectively, and sustainably.
Tempo de uso do smartphone e condições de saúde relacionadas em idosos durante a pandemia da covid-19
Authors: Abdon Ana Paula Vasconcellos , Barros Monike Couras Del Vecchio , Abreu Camila Cristine Tavares , Falcão Thais Nogueira , Sousa João Gabriel de Oliveira e , Mont'Alverne Daniela Gardano Bucharles
Published: May 2022

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o tempo de uso do smartphone e as condições de saúde relacionadas em idosos durante a pandemia da covid-19. Método Trata-se de estudo transversal com 237 idosos (≥60 anos) brasileiros, realizado entre junho e agosto de 2020. Responderam a um formulário on-line para obtenção das seguintes variáveis: perfil socioeconômico, condições de saúde e uso do smartphone. Análises bivariada e multivariada foram realizadas pelo programa SPSS, tendo como desfecho tempo de uso do smartphone. Resultados Do total, 69,2% (n=164) eram do sexo feminino, 48,5% (n=115) queixavam-se de dor cervical, 57,4% (n=136) tinham incapacidade cervical e permaneciam 6,2 horas por dia sentados na semana. Cerca de 54,4% (n=129) relataram aumento do uso do smartphone nos últimos meses, passando 4,2 horas/dia. Os idosos mais novos (p=0,038), não praticantes de atividade física (p=0,001), com avaliação de saúde boa (p=0,009) e maior tempo sentado (p=0,011) permaneciam mais tempo usando o dispositivo. Conclusão Devido ao uso do smartphone durante a pandemia da covid-19 associado a maior tempo sentado e ao sedentarismo alerta-se para as repercussões negativas na saúde física e mental dos idosos.
Men’s Mental Health in the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty and Social Support
Authors: Palma Emanuel Missias Silva , Sousa Anderson Reis de , Morais Franciane Andrade de , Teixeira Jules Ramon Brito , Sousa Álvaro Francisco Lopes de
Published: May 2022

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic exerted a tremendous toll on individuals’ mental health. This study aimed to examine the associations between men’s common mental disorders (CMD), intolerance of uncertainty (IU), and social support (SS). A cross-sectional online study was carried out in all Brazilian states. Participants were 1.006 adult men recruited through social media using a snowball technique. Men completed the Self-Report Questionnaire-20, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, the Two-Way Social Support Scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. In addition, a t-Test and a regression analysis were performed. Men in the clinical group reported significantly higher levels of IU and lower levels of SS. Furthermore, SS moderated the relationship between IU and CMD, suggesting that SS might help protect men’s mental health against the deleterious effects of IU in a pandemic scenario. These results indicate that different forms of social support seem to be a promising focus of psychosocial intervention in this context.