bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exact solutions for electromagnetic fields inside and outside a spherical surface with magnetic/electric dipole distributed sources
Authors: Ley-Koo E. , Esparza-López Ch. , Torres-Bustamante H.
Published: February 2019

Exact solutions of the Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic fields inside and outside a spherical surface, with time alternating magnetic or electric dipole source distributions, are constructed as alternatives to the respective familiar point-dipole solutions in undergraduate and graduate books. These solutions are valid for all positions, inside and outside the sphere, including the quasi-static, induction and radiation zones; the solutions inside make the difference from the point-dipole solutions; the definitions of the dynamic dipole moments must be based on the ordinary spherical Bessel functions for the solutions outside, and on the outgoing spherical Hankel functions for the solutions inside,instead of the powers of the radial coordinate as solutions of the Laplace equation valid for the static case. The solutions for the resonating cavities are associated with the nodes of the spherical Bessel function for the TE modes of the magnetic dipole source, and with the extremes of the product of the radial coordinate times the same spherical function for the TM modes of the electric dipole source; both conditions also guarantee the vanishing of the fields outside.
Duality symmetries behind solutions of the classical simple pendulum
Authors: Linares Romero R.
Published: February 2019

Describing the motion of the classical simple pendulum is one of the aims in every undergraduate classical mechanics course. Its analytical solutions are given in terms of elliptic functions, which are doubly periodic functions in the complex plane. The independent variable of the solutions is time and it can be considered either as a real variable or as a purely imaginary one, which introduces a rich symmetry structure in the space of solutions. When solutions are written in terms of the Jacobi elliptic functions this symmetry is codified in the functional form of its modulus, and is described mathematically by the six dimensional coset group Γ=Γ(2) where Γ is the modular group and Γ(2) is its congruence subgroup of second level. A discussion of the physical consequences that this symmetry has on the motions of the simple pendulum is presented in this contribution and it is argued they have similar properties to the ones termed as duality symmetries in other areas of physics, such as field theory and string theory. Thus by studying deeper a very familiar mechanical system, it is possible to get an insight to more abstract physical and mathematical concepts. In particular a single solution of pure imaginary time for all allowed values of the total mechanical energy is given and obtained as the S-dual of a single solution of real time, where S stands for the S generator of the modular group.
The retarded potential of a non-homogeneous wave equation: introductory analysis through the Green Functions
Authors: Téllez-Quiñones A. , Valdiviezo-Navarro J. C. , Salazar-Garibay A. , López Caloca A. A.
Published: February 2019

The retarded potential, a solution of the non-homogeneous wave equation, is a subject of particular interest in many physics and engineering applications. Examples of such applications may be the problem of solving the wave equation involved in the emission and reception of a signal in a synthetic aperture radar (SAR), scattering and backscattering, and general electrodynamics for media free of magnetic charges.However, the construction of this potential solution is based on the theory of  distributions, a topic that requires special care and time to be understood with mathematical rigor. Thus, the goal of this study is to provide an introductory analysis, with a medium level of formalism, on the construction of this potential solution and the handling of Green functions represented by sequences of well-behaved approximatingfunctions.
Student attitudes towards astronomy: A bi-country questionnaire results
Authors: Marušić M. , Hadžibegović Z.
Published: February 2019

This article presents the results of comparison of attitudes towards position of astronomy in education of students from two countries: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. A convenience sample of 396 third and fourth year high school students was surveyed using an anonymous self-report questionnaire. Students showed a certain indifference to pursuing a career in astronomy. However, both correlation and regressionanalysis indicated that students manifested a high degree of interest in acquiring knowledge, experience and skills in astronomy. This bicountry study shows that students’ attitudes towards astronomy are similar considering the educational systems and position of astronomy in both Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. The research results suggest that more students might consider astronomy for their scientific andprofessional career provided they had more opportunities for formal education in astronomy.
DOSES DE POTÁSSIO PARA O SORGO SACARINO DESTINADO À PRODUÇÃO DE ETANOL
Authors: Bernardes João Victor Silva , Orioli Júnior Valdeci , Charlo Hamilton César de Oliveira , Fernandes Gislaine , Bosco Luiz Paulo Venesiano
Published: February 2019

O presente estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos de doses de K em atributos morfológicos, produtivos e qualitativos do sorgo sacarino. O experimento foi conduzido em campo em Latossolo Vermelho com teor inicial de 0,6 mmolc dm-3 de K. Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 kg ha-1 de K2O) e quatro repetições. Avaliaram-se: diâmetro de colmos, altura de plantas, teor de K na folha e no caldo, produção de colmos e de caldo e concentração de açúcar total no caldo. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e de regressão polinomial. O fornecimento de K incrementou linearmente o diâmetro do colmo e aumentou a altura de plantas até a dose de 152 kg ha-1 de K2O. O maior diâmetro e altura foi, respectivamente, 18,1 mm e 2,73 m. A adubação potássica não afetou o teor de K nas folhas, mas elevou a produção de colmos até 32.454 kg ha-1 com aplicação de 132 kg ha-1 de K2O. Houve incremento linear na produção de caldo, chegando-se a 7.322 L ha-1. A dose de, aproximadamente, 100 kg ha-1 de K2O proporcionou as maiores concentrações de açúcar total (62,7 mg L-1) e K no caldo (1.144 mg L-1).Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, biocombustível, adubação potássica. POTASSIUM RATES FOR SWEET SORGHUM CULTIVATED FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of K rates on morphological, productive and qualitative attributes of sweet sorghum cultivated for ethanol production. The experiment was conducted in field conditions in a cerrado soil with 0.6 mmolc dm-3 of K. The randomized block design with five treatments (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 of K2O) and four replicate was adopted. The following variables were evaluated: stem diameter, plant height, leaf and juice K content, stem and juice yield, and total sugar concentration in the juice. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and polynomial regression. The K supply linearly increased stem diameter and increased plant height up to the 152 kg ha-1 of K2O rate. The largest diameter and height were, respectively, 18.1 mm and 2.73 m. Potassium fertilization did not affect the leaves K content, but increased stem yield up to 32,454 kg ha-1 with application of 132 kg ha-1of K2O. There was a linear increase in juice yield, reaching 7,322 L ha-1. The rate of approximately 100 kg ha-1 of K2O provided the highest total sugar (62.7 mg L-1) and K concentrations in the juice (1,144 mg L-1).Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, biofuel, potassium fertilization.
ANÁLISE TEMPORAL DA FRAGMENTAÇÃO DA PAISAGEM NO ENTORNO DE FLORESTAS NACIONAIS EM RONDÔNIA
Authors: Leal Fabrício Assis , Santos Filho Francisco Ferreira dos , Leal Glória da Silva Almeida , Almeida Maria Vanalda de Souza , Miguel Eder Pereira
Published: February 2019

O objetivo foi realizar análise temporal da fragmentação da paisagem no entorno das Florestas Nacionais do Jamari e Bom Futuro, Rondônia. Para delimitar as análises da fragmentação da paisagem foram elaboradas áreas no entorno, denominadas quadrantes (Q), nas duas Flonas: 0 a 10 km (10A, 10B, 10C e 10D) e de 10 a 20 km (20A, 20B, 20C e 20D). As métricas de paisagem adotadas neste trabalho foram: densidade de borda, densidade de mancha e porcentagem ocupada na paisagem. Posteriormente foram elaborados mapas com a distribuição espacial dos quadrantes que apresentaram métricas mais altas. Com a distribuição espacial dos quadrantes foi possível notar para o entorno de 0 a 10 km da Flona do Bom Futuro (BF), que o BF10A foi o que apresentou maior valor para duas (PD e PLAND) das três métricas utilizadas. Já para o entorno de 10 a 20 km, apenas o quadrante BF20B se destacou entre os demais, pois para todas as métricas ele foi o mais preocupante. Com a distribuição espacial dos quadrantes foi possível notar para o entorno de 0 a 10 km da Flona do Jamari (JA), que o JA10C foi o que apresentou maior ocorrência para todas as métricas aqui avaliadas.Palavras-chave: antropização, métricas de paisagem, unidade de conservação. TEMPORARY ANALYSIS OF FRAGMENTATION OF THE LANDSCAPE IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF NATIONAL FORESTS ABSTRACT: The objective was to carry out a temporal analysis of the fragmentation of the landscape around the National Forests of Jamari and Bom Futuro, Rondônia. In order to delimit the analyzes of the landscape fragmentation, areas in the surroundings, called quadrants (Q), were elaborated in the two Flonas: 0 to 10 km (10A, 10B, 10C and 10D) and 10 to 20 km (20A, 20B, 20C and 20D). The landscape metrics adopted in this work were: border density, spot density and percentage occupied in the landscape. Subsequently maps were elaborated with the spatial distribution of the quadrants that presented higher metrics. With the spatial distribution of the quadrants, it was possible to note that the BF10A was the one with the highest value for two (PD and PLAND) of the three metrics used for the 0 to 10 km environment of the Bom Futuro Flona (BF). Already for the environment of 10 to 20 km, only the quadrant BF20B stood out among the others, because for all the metrics he was the most worrisome. With the spatial distribution of the quadrants it was possible to notice for the environment of 0 to 10 km of Jamari Flona (JA), that the JA10C was the one that presented the highest occurrence for all the metrics evaluated here.Keywords: anthropization process, landscape metrics, conservation unit.
Abscopal Effect Following Radiation Therapy in Cancer Patients: A New Look from the Immunological Point of View
Authors: Welsh J , Bevelacqua J J , Dobrzyński L , Mortazavi S A R , Farjadian Sh , Mortazavi S M J
Published: February 2019

Abscopal effect, a radiobiology term meaning “away from target”, was practically unheard of just ten years ago. This effect describes the elimination and cure of a non-treated tumor when another part of the body is irradiated. Successful treatment of cancer in patients with multiple metastatic foci has sporadically been reported. Abscopal effect after radiotherapy has been introduced as the key factor which induced an anticancer response in these metastatic lesions. Moreover, not receiving chemotherapy is reported to have a role in cancer regression after radiotherapy. Given this consideration, it can be hypothesized that standard radiotherapy doses, which usually classified as high-dose, may cause cancer cells to expose or release their sequestered antigens that had been previously masked. Furthermore, radiotherapy can decrease the suppressive effect of regulatory T cells which usually down modulate immune responses against cancers. Moreover, some data show that low dose total-body irradiation (TBI) alone (without standard localized high dose radiotherapy) may cause suppression of distant metastasis of tumor cells. Induction of a “whole body abscopal effect” can be involved in suppression of distant metastasis. Here we discuss whether cancer treatments could be more successful if immune system is boosted, not destroyed by the treatments such as chemotherapy.
Factores que influyen en la transición de insulinoterapia a antidiabético orales en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Fiallos Placencio John Washington , Placencio Macas Maryori Sandra , Idrovo Castro Katherine Janela , Holguín Sabando Yandry Alexander
Published: February 2019

La Diabetes mellitus es una enfermedad crónica que afecta y afectará a millones de ecuatorianos. El propósito de esta investigación es identificar aquellos parámetros obtenidos de la anamnesis o de los exámenes de laboratorio que promueven la transición de insulinoterapia a antidiabéticos orales como tratamiento de mantenimiento, con el objetivo de tenerlos como referencia. La investigación se realizó en la consulta externa del Hospital de especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón, con una muestra intencionada de 239 pacientes que reunieron los criterios de inclusión que fueron divididos en 2 grupos de acuerdo a aquellos que pudieron cambiar de insulinoterapia a antidiabéticos orales (Grupo I) 187 (78,2%) y a los que no pudieron (Grupo II) 52 (21,8%), quedando demostrado que en base a antecedentes patológicos personales de los pacientes, en especial las enfermedades nefrológicas, tipo de terapia inicial, origen del paciente (rural o urbana), edad, tiempo de evolución de la diabetes, niveles de glucosa en ayunas, hemoglobina glicosilada, glucosa postprandial, perfil renal (urea y creatinina) y colesterol pueden ser considerados como factores que influyen en la transición de insulinoterapia a antidiabéticos orales en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Equidad de género en la Facultad de Derecho “Abogado Ponciano Arriaga Leija” de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: Rangel Romero Xochithl Guadalupe
Published: February 2019

Uno de los grandes retos que se plantean dentro de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, es erradicar la desigualdad de género que se genera dentro de ésta. Como se ha mencionado por diversos autores, las universidades han sido espacios poco favorables para las mujeres (Ordorika,2015) en donde la desigualdad se visualiza de forma latente; lo anterior da como derivación una adversidad no solo a las políticas de no discriminación implementadas, sino a una verdadera vulneración de los derechos de las mujeres que se desenvuelven dentro de las Instituciones de Educación Superior. Hoy, el trabajo de las mujeres dentro de las universidades se ha visualizado, es decir se concibe su presencia dentro de las aulas universitarias, sin embargo, la desigualdad es un costo aún muy elevado para muchas de ellas.
La crisis de la educación pública en México: Argumentos y Propuestas
Authors: Calvillo Barrios Juan
Published: February 2019

Introducción. Diversos comportamientos del pueblo mexicano, evidenciados en redes sociales, dejan en evidencia la necesidad de reorganizar los contenidos de los programas en los diferentes niveles educativos al tiempo que dejan constancia del fracaso del neoliberalismo, aplicado en la educación, el cual prometió una educación, y por ende una sociedad, eficiente, eficaz y competitiva. Objetivo. La intención última del texto es, presentar una proyección del futuro, mostrar qué nos espera si no hacemos nada por cambiar el actual modelo, para lo cual se presenta una propuesta de rescate curricular como conclusión.Materiales y métodos. Utilizando la investigación cuantitativa, directa e indirecta, se presentan los datos duros que fundamentan los escasos, o nulos, resultados del actual modelo, y la crisis del sistema educativo mexicano, que principal, aunque no exclusivamente, se puede atribuir a la educación pública. Resultados. Entre los principales resultados se puede observar que los puestos de trabajo, que tradicionalmente monopolizaban los egresados de escuelas públicas, hoy están siendo acaparados por egresados de escuelas privadas, pero sin dejar de dominar los lugares que tradicionalmente ocupaban. Conclusión. Lo anterior deja en evidencia la necesidad de un nuevo tipo de gestión educativa que fortalezca las áreas que nos enseñan a pensar, como la filosofía, la sociología, la ética, y los valores, sin abandonar el español, la lectura, la escritura, la lógica y la matemática.
Creencias pedagógicas de docentes fiscales con respecto a la problemática de las droga
Authors: Galecio Samaniego Guillermo Euclides , Bolaños Salazar Dila Cecibel , Tenelema Chenche Joyce Yesenia
Published: February 2019

Este articulo presenta los resultados cualitativos de una investigación relacionada con las creencias de docentes fiscales en Guayaquil- Ecuador frente al problema de las drogas. La actuación del docente y su concepción del proceso enseñanza y aprendizaje, se comprende al entrar al entramado de creencias que sostiene su praxis pedagógica. En la presente investigación cualitativa se trabajó con cuatro grupos de docentes que participaron en dos grupos focales cada uno. Los resultados preliminares plantean que los docentes tienen prejuicios y estereotipos frente a las oportunidades de mejora sobre el tema del problema de las drogas.
Herramientas digitales en el trabajo colaborativo
Authors: Nivela Cornejo María Alejandrina , Echeverría Desiderio Segundo Vicente , Espinosa Izquierdo Jaime Gabriel
Published: February 2019

La tecnología ha contribuido a romper con los paradigmas tradicionales de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje propios de la educación. El objetivo de esta investigación es documental con diseño bibliográfico, está basada en el enfoque  mixto  mediante el uso de los gestores de contenidos  en el aprendizaje colaborativo donde los estudiantes podrán explorar nuevos métodos para conseguir un mejor aprendizaje aportando al manejo de estas  herramientas digitales, así  el docente será un guiador en la formación del nuevo conocimiento.
30 Jahre Zeitschrift für Familienforschung/Journal of Family Research – ein Rückblick
Authors: Vaskovics Laszlo A.
Published: February 2019

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No Evidence of Increased Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Pathology or Neurodegenerative Proteinopathy in Former Military Service Members: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Tripathy Arushi , Shade Ashley , Erskine Brittany , Bailey Kristi , Grande Abigail , deLong Joyce J. , Perry George , Castellani Rudy J.
Published: February 2019

It is presently unknown whether military service members are at risk for chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, due to traumatic brain injury (TBI). Studies with respect to AD have had mixed results with respect to mild TBI, although an increased risk of clinical AD with moderate and severe TBI is more consistently demonstrated. No studies to date have demonstrated a longitudinal progression from TBI to autopsy. We therefore initiated a cross-sectional survey of former military service members. 18 brain specimens have been examined to date, with a mean age of 68.9±16 years (range 32–94). Twelve had a history of psychiatric problems; 10 had a history of PTSD specifically. Five had neurological problems including stroke and seizures. One subject had early-onset AD. Two subjects had a history of TBI and two had a history of blast exposure. Age-related proteinopathy, ranging from AD neuropathologic change A0B1C0 to A3B3C3 by NIA-AA guidelines, was identified. None of the cases showed changes specific for CTE pathology. There was no relationship between p-tau in the amygdala and psychiatric signs. There was no significant difference in phosphorylated tau (p-tau) or amyloid-β burden compared to age-matched controls. These preliminary data suggest that military service per se is not a risk factor for CTE pathology or neurodegenerative proteinopathy. More research is needed to study the relationship, if any, between TBI and neurodegenerative proteinopathy.
Potential Astrocytic Receptors and Transporters in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhang Xiaohua , Lao Kejing , Qiu Zhongying , Rahman Md Saidur , Zhang Yuelin , Gou Xingchun
Published: February 2019

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is characterized by the progressive loss of memory and cognition in the aging population. However, the etiology of and therapies for AD remain far from understood. Astrocytes, the most abundant neuroglia in the brain, have recently aroused substantial concern due to their involvement in synaptotoxicity, amyloidosis, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. In this review, we summarize the candidate molecules of astrocytes, especially receptors and transporters, that may be involved in AD pathogenesis. These molecules include excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs), metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5), the adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR), the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ( α7-nAChR), the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), S100β, and cannabinoid receptors. We describe the characteristics of these molecules and the neurological and pharmacological underpinnings of these molecules in AD. Among these molecules, EAATs, A2AR, and mGluR5 are strongly related to glutamate-mediated synaptotoxicity and are involved in glutamate transmission or the clearance of extrasynaptic glutamate in the AD brain. The α7-nAChR, CaSR, and mGluR5 are receptors of Aβ and can induce a plethora of toxic effects, such as the production of excess Aβ, synaptotoxicity, and NO production triggered by changes in intracellular calcium signaling. Antagonists or positive allosteric modulators of these receptors can repair cognitive ability and modify neurobiological changes. Moreover, blocking S100β or activating cannabinoid receptors reduces neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and reactive astrogliosis. Thus, targeting these molecules might provide alternative approaches for treating AD.
Industry applications of magnetic separation based on nanoparticles: A review
Authors: Wang Zhen , Liu Chunting , Wei Weizhong
Published: February 2019

The use of magnetic separation based on nanoparticles has been an efficient approach in many research fields and different industries. It has shown multiple advantages including high separation efficiency and fast separation speed as well as low cost, comparing to conventional sedimentation or centrifugation methods. The basic contents and modelling principles such as one-way and two-way coupling methods involving magnetic separation have been introduced specifically and comprehensively, which can be used for better understanding the process and optimizing design of magnetic separators. Then typical industry applications of magnetic separation including kaolin beneficiation, water treatment, protein purification, cell separation, and drug delivery have been summarized in detail.
Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency incidence in a Hispanic population
Authors: Cantú-Reyna C. , Santos-Guzmán J. , Cruz-Camino H. , Vazquez Cantu D.L. , Gómez-Gutiérrez R. , Góngora-Cortéz J.J. , Gutiérrez-Castillo A.
Published: February 2019

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (D-G6PD) is a common erythroenzymopathy that needs to be addressed as an important public health issue. Proper population monitoring is needed to anticipate clinical complications. A joint venture between Genomi-k (a Mexican company focused on newborn screening) and several university researchers conducted a retrospetive study for D-G6PD based on 156,152 newborn screening reports belonging to the Mexican population comprising a period of 10 years. We identified 540 male newborns affected with this deficiency, representing an incidence of 6.78 cases per 1,000 newborn males. A single double mutation of G202A:A376G was detected in 97.22% of cases. In regions where there is an absence of a national centralized health data for D-G6PD, information from a non-probabilistic large population sample can be used as a national incidence subrogate.
Cognitive strategy on upper extremity function for stroke: A randomized controlled trials
Authors: Song Chiang-Soon , Lee Oan-Na , Woo Hee-Soon
Published: February 2019

Background:

Cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance (CO-OP) is a task-specific training applied using a cognitive behavioral approach to improve performance in daily activities and to enable the patient to overcome limitations related to them.

Objectives:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the CO-OP approach in comparison with task-specific upper extremity training (TUET) on performance related to daily and functional activities in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke.

Methods:

Forty-nine participants diagnosed with stroke for the first time underwent 30 minutes of either the CO-OP approach or TUET 5 days a week for 4 weeks. We evaluated their performance on the box-and-block test (BBT), Canadian occupational performance measure (COPM), and community integration questionnaire (CIQ) and Wolf motor function test-functional score (WMFT-F) before and after the training.

Results:

Our results show a significantly improvement in the WMFT-F, COPM-P, COPM-S, BBT, and CIQ scores after training in the CO-OP group, but only COPM-S score was significantly improvement after training in TUET group ( p <  0.05). This study also found higher increases in the mean WMFT-F, COPM-P, COPM-S and BBT scores in the CO-OP group than in the TUET group, but CIQ score did not have a significantly higher increase between-group after training.

Conclusions:

The results of this study suggest that the CO-OP approach resulted in a positive therapeutic effect on self-selected occupational performance and daily and functional activities in individuals with chronic hemiparetic stroke.
Dynamic cognitive remediation for a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) significantly improves attention, working memory, processing speed, and reading fluency
Authors: Lawton Teri , Huang Ming-Xiong
Published: February 2019

Background:

In the U.S. 3.8 million people have a Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) each year. Rapid brain training exercises to improve cognitive function after a mild TBI are needed.

Objective:

This study determines whether cognitive remediation by discriminating the direction a test pattern moves relative to a stationary background (movement figure-ground discrimination) improves the vision and cognitive deficits that result from a TBI, providing a paradigm shift in treatment methods.

Methods:

Movement-discrimination neurotraining was used to remediate low-level visual timing deficits in the dorsal stream to determine whether it improved high-level cognitive functions, such as processing speed, reading fluency, and the executive control functions of attention and working memory in four men with a TBI between the ages of 15–68. Standardized tests, as well as Magnetoencephalography (MEG) brain imaging, were administered at the beginning and end of 8–16 weeks of intervention training to evaluate improvements in cognitive skills.

Results:

Movement-discrimination cognitive neurotraining remediated both low-level visual timing deficits and high-level cognitive functioning, including selective and sustained attention, reading fluency, processing speed, and working memory for all TBI patients we studied. MEG brain imaging, using the Fast-VESTAL procedure, showed that this movement-discrimination training improved time-locked activity in the dorsal stream, attention, and executive control networks.

Conclusions:

Remediating visual timing deficits in the dorsal stream revealed the causal role of visual movement discrimination training in improving high-level cognitive functions such as focusing and switching attention, working memory, processing speed, and reading. This study found that movement-discrimination training was very rapid and effective in remediating cognitive deficits, providing a new approach that is very beneficial for treating a mild TBI.
Frontal lobe function, behavioral changes and quality of life in patients with multiple system atrophy
Authors: Zhang LingYu , Cao Bei , Zou Yutong , Wei Qian-Qian , Ou RuWei , Zhao Bi , Yang Jing , Wu Ying , Shang HuiFang
Published: February 2019

Background:

Cognitive impairment is an important and common symptom in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA).

Objective:

The objective of the study was to explore the potential relationships among frontal lobe function, behavioral changes and quality of life (QoL) in patients with MSA.

Methods:

A total of 203 MSA patients were enrolled and evaluated using the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), the Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI) and the Parkinson’s disease Questionnaire-39 item version (PDQ-39). Seventy-eight age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls were recruited to complete the FAB.

Results:

Among MSA patients, those with frontal lobe dysfunction were older ( P = 0.005), had older age of onset ( P = 0.002), lower educational level ( P <  0.001), higher scores in the PDQ-39 domains of mobility ( P = 0.042), ADL ( P = 0.020), cognition ( P <  0.001) and communication compared to those with normal frontal lobe function. The most common frontal behavioral changes were logopenia followed by apathy and inflexibility. The severity of frontal behavioral changes was associated with MSA subtype ( P = 0.015), disease severity (Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale-I (UMSARS-I), UMSARS-II, UMSARS-IV, and total UMSARS scores) ( P <  0.001), orthostatic hypotension ( P = 0.022), severity of depressive symptoms and total score on the PDQ-39 ( P <  0.001). Binary logistic regression showed that the determinants of poor QoL in patients with MSA were disease severity (UMSARS-I and total UMSARS scores) ( P <  0.05), depression ( P = 0.013) and total FBI score ( P = 0.003).

Conclusions:

Frontal behavioral changes were potential determinants of poor QoL in MSA, in addition to the disease severity and depressive symptoms. Early discovery and management of frontal behavioral changes in addition to motor and depressive symptoms will help to improve the QoL of MSA patients.
Entwicklungsphasen und -tendenzen des Kapitalismus in Westdeutschland (1. Teil)
Authors: Altvater Elmar , Hoffmann Jürgen , Schoeller Wolfgang , Semmler Willi
Published: February 2019

Es geht uns im folgenden Aufsatz um die Darstellung einiger grundlegender Entwicklungstendenzen des westdeutschen Kapitalismus. Dabei wird es kaum möglich sein, einen Grad der Ausführlichkeit in der Darstellung zu erreichen, der es möglich machen würde, auf die vielen konkreten Fragen, wie sie im Zusammenhang der Klassenbewegung tagtäglich sich ergeben, eine Antwort zu geben. Aber die Klärung der Frage, welches die Entwicklungsbedingungen und -tendenzen des westdeutschen Kapitals in den nächsten Jahren sein werden, ist eine Voraussetzung für die Untersuchung und Beantwortung vieler konkreter Probleme, sei es der Einschätzung des Staates, der Gewerkschaften, der Entstehung und Dynamik von politischen Konflikten, der Entwicklungstendenzen im Ausbildungssektor usw. Dies ist der Grund, weshalb wir die nachfolgenden Ergebnisse vorlegen, obwohl sie in vielen Punkten noch bruchstückhaft sind, der weiteren methodischen Reflexion bedürfen und nur unzulänglich die Erfahrungen der Arbeiterbewegung in Westdeutschland nach dem zvveiten Weltkrieg aufarbeiten und einbeziehen. Gerade der letzte Punkt scheint uns ein echter Mangel zu sein, da wir davon ausgehen, daß politische Taktik nicht einfach theoretisch abgeleitet werden kann, sondern gerade die historischen Erfahrungen der Arbeiterbewegung dabei zu berücksichtigen wären.
PEMBELAJARAN EKSTRAKULIKULER SENI LUKIS KACA DI SMP NEGERI 3 SUKASADA
Authors: Suryawan I Gde
Published: February 2019

Glass painting art as a “Kosa Rupa Bali” wealth especially Buleleng was very important to keep, one of them was in education. Because of that, it must be trained and directed for skill development through glass painting art extracuricular in many level, in this research focus on junior high scool especially at SMP N 3 Sukasada. The problem, that would be analyzed in this research are: (1) How are the glass painting art extracuricular learning process at SMP N 3 Sukasada. (2) How is the result of glass painting art extracurricularat SMP N 3 Sukasada. (3) What are the factor that affect the glass painting art extracuricular at SMP N 3 Sukasada. The research method that used was qualitative. The location that was choose for this research was SMP N 3 Sukasada. The technique that was used for collecting the data included: observation, interview, and documentation. The data was analysed by descriptive.

 

Keywords: Learning, Ekstracuricular, Glass Painting
METAFORA DAN IDIOLOGI FILM IKLAN MANDIRI SECURITAS
Authors: Handriyotopo H., , Lastoro GR Lono , Gustami SP
Published: February 2019

The Mandiri Securitas advertisement film is a corporate advertisement that contains a persuasive message to increase brand image as a leader in investment in the Stock Exchange or trusted banking investment in Indonesia. The metaphor in the Mandiri Securitas advertisement contains cinematographic images that borrow keris culture to be sided with banking culture. This qualitative descriptive study uses a semiotic approach to appropriate verbal and visual messages from the system of rhetorical marks "Minus One". The content of visual rhetoric and verbal rhetoric on the Mandiri Securitas advertisement was reviewed by Roland Barthes's semiotic theory, because it was considered capable of uncovering the relationship of the sign meaning behind the denotative marker system and connotative markers from the ideology of Mandiri Securitas advertisements with the  theme of empu keris (keris maker). The results of this study prove that the application of the "Minus-One" method is very helpful to find and recognize the roles played by the constituent elements of a film construction. The Mandiri Securitas advertisement film is an example of the appropriation of the tradition world for the benefit of the modern world. The tradition world is not displayed in its entirety as it is, but is displayed partially and determined based on the image of the modern world wants to construct as an imagery form of advertising.

 

Keywords: Metaphor, rhetoric, Semiotics, and ideology

 
European and Italian trades on the Silk Road: a reassessment
Authors: Ciriacono Salvatore
Published: February 2019

The principal aim of my essay is looking at the presence and the role of  the European and particularly Italian merchants on the so called “Silk Road” during the 17th and 18th century. We have to remember that this expression was introduced by the German geologist Ferdinand von Richthofen, a topic that is receiving a growing attention from the contemporary historians. Indeed this focus is connected to the attention that is given by contemporary economic/political actors to the fortune of the Chinese economy. It is not an accident that Chinese advance is seen by many as the cause of the declining role of Western economies inside the world market.
Advanced training personal-courses as a way of self-designing of teahcer’s educational trajectory
Authors: Bilyk N.
Published: February 2019

Individual educational teacher’s trajectory is chosen as a means of advanced professional competence, its peciliar features are defined, and recommendations are suggested concerning its structure; the opportunities for self-disigning of individual educational teacher’s trajectory during the period of advanced training course and between attestations of his/her pedagocial activity are revealed. Attention is focused on the issue of essential changes of modern education, opportunities to construct educational trajectories of a teacher according to the standard-legal base of the educational system. The notion «individual educational trajectory» is defined as manifestation of a competent approach to learning. The opportunities of personal courses of advanced training for teachers are considered in order to design their individual educational trajectories harmoniously including the following principles: orientation to the personality, equality, dynamics, conscious perspective, continuity, diversity of methodological consulting, promoting the system of advanced training to become a center of innovation movement. New interpretation of the mission performed by post-graduate pedagogical educational and advanced training establishments is presented in the context of elaboration of innovation strategy to develop the system of lifelong education. The effects of personal courses are considered as a design model of advanced training.
Early marginalization and criminal activity
Authors: Kovacheva G.
Published: February 2019

The article presents the problem about the early marginalization and its connection with criminal activity during the youth and adulthood. The analysis of empirical data on the causes of early alcohol and drug use and qualitative aspects of criminal activity points to the need to develop strategies for impact on family and friend`s environments and to overcome social exclusion.
Town-building cadastre system as a tool for the formation of the investment climate of the administrative-territorial units
Authors: Olifirenko L. , Didyk O.
Published: February 2019

Town-building development is an integral part of investment and municipal development and an important prerequisite for the formation of a favorable investment climate characterizing the qualitative level of the administrative-territorial units (ATU) development. In turn the system of town-building cadastre and investment activity of regional enterprises and organizations reflect the effectiveness of the institutional aspect of state building and being the driving force for an active investment policy provide the opportunity to attract the material and intangible potential of the ATU to the sphere of town-planning development. The effectiveness of the interconnection of these both components reconstitutes in the individuality of town-building architecture phenomenon. Therefore receiving an effective mechanism in consequence of the interaction of all participants in the town-planning development process with the aim of creating town-building cadastre system as an instrument for providing investment climate is an important cause for ATU development. The problems of creating the town-building cadastre and monitoring in Ukraine have been investigated in the works of national scientists, such as V. A. Smilka, M.M.Domin, A. A. Liashchenko, O. V. Dobrokhodova and others. The question of the investment climate in town-building activity is not sufficiently investigated. Mostly the experts of state bodies carry out work on planning the development of ATU within the limits of their authority. Therefore, the scientific side of the issue needs further analysis. The analysis of the national legal framework made it possible to establish that ATU development in Ukraine is within the legal framework. However, the shortcomings of the mechanism for implementing the norms of laws and by-laws do not allow attracting significant investment funds for the ATU, and the lack of budget funds deprives town-building ideas further development. European experience shows that the practice of effectively functioning town-building cadastre and monitoring is an integral part of town-building activities. The balance between decentralization and centralization in the process of building the mechanism of participants interaction in the town-building activity enabled to make a positive forecast for improving the investment climate, saving through information and automation and increasing the activities of government and local self-government bodies. The author's position is that in the process of creating a system of town-building cadastre the national regulatory framework allows focusing not only on performing state functions in attracting investment, but also on expanding the horizons of search, involving all interested participants and improving the mechanism of their interaction during town-building activities.
Motivation of training of modern student youth
Authors: Martynyuk I.
Published: February 2019

The article presents the results of the research of the dominant motives of studying modern students, the correlation of internal and external motivation of their educational activities, the place of knowledge and development among terminal values and education among the instrumental values of students, expressiveness of need in knowledge and the formation of their motivation component of their readiness for self-education activities. To research the motivation of studying modern students were used such techniques: technique for diagnostics the motives of learning (in the modification of A. Rean, V. Yakunin), the technique of diagnostic the internal motivation of the learning by T. Dubovytska, technique “Valuable orientations” by M. Rokich, technique “SAMOAL”, the authorʼs questionnaire “I am learning a profession”. In the process of analysis of the results, methods of descriptive statistics were used: the definition of mean value and frequency analysis. An empirical study was conducted during the 2017-2018 years. Respondets were students of I-IV courses and masterʼs degree of National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (specialties:  social work, psychology, agroengineering, forestry, constraction and civil engineering, economic cybernetics), Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University (specialty: psychology), National Pedagogical Dragomanov University (specialty: psychology), Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University (specialty: publishing and edition), a total of 321 persons.
It is substantiated that the most students motivate their educational activity with the desire to become a highly skilled specialist, to ensure the success of future professional activities, to acquire deep and solid knowledge, to obtain intellectual satisfaction and receive a diploma. The dominance of internal incentives to study in students before external ones is indicated. There is described the attitude of respondents to knowledge, development, education as an average by value in term of the goals that should be sought, and ways of acting in any situation. The average level of expression of the need to know of respondents is highlighted. The high motivational component of studentʼs readiness for self-education is substantiated: the dominance of a positive attitude towards the chosen profession, an understanding of its requirements and its abilities, an awareness of the importance of improvement in activity, cognitive interest, the presence of a responsibility, the ability to set goals and make efforts for its achievement, to plan its activities. The prospects for organizing the educational process in universities are outlined, taking into account the identified peculiarities of the motivation of learning modern students: creating an atmosphere that support the internal motivation of learning, helping to obtain intellectual satisfaction from the learning process and stimulating to constant self-development in the chosen profession.
Understanding the features of thinking in a psychotic subject through understanding a strategy of forming thinking in a child
Authors: Kokorina Y. , Shvartsman I.
Published: February 2019

The article rises up a question about opportunity of understanding the peculiarities of thinking of a psychotic subject through an understanding of the strategy of thinking in a child relying on a psychodynamic approach (J. Lacan, Z. Freud) on the one hand, and the sociocultural approach (L.S. Vygotsky) on the other hand. Considering the differences in speech of an adult subject that based on abstract concepts and a child whose thinking has the character of pseudoconcepts, the authors came to the conclusion that such a feature of the child's thinking is related to the thinking of the psychotic subject, where, through the process of participation psychotic combines several different concepts on the basis of a primitive link as identical to each other. Therefore, we can say that the basis of thinking of both the child and the psychotic subject is common at the point where complex thinking is born, thanks to which the psychotic reduces words to the level of the thing.
How the Musicality of Ethnolinguistic Affects the Cognitive Abilities for Further Learning
Authors: Struga Genc
Published: February 2019

The Albanian native speaker’s have a better pronunciation or accent of the foreign language they learn and these phenomena are unique in so called Indo-European languages group, a family group where Albanian is one of the oldest surviving member. Albanian language richness in sound is expressed with writing system of different large alphabets up to 53 letters. Further certain element of ethnography of singing such as iso-polyphony considered by UNESCO as word heritage which has been a form of ancient singing in north as well in the south Albania including Macedonia still vivid in Albania. Characterized by songs consisting of two solo parts, a melody and a countermelody with a choral drone. The structure of the solo parts varies according to the different ways of performing the drone, which has a great variety of structures, especially in the popular style adopted by all groups performing this music. There are these language characteristics and ethnography that affects the native neuroplasticity abilities in learning another language easier and with better pronunciation or accent.
Kualitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Poli Gigi Rumah Sakit Kota Palembang
Authors: Youlanda Menti
Published: February 2019

Health service in hospital currently focuses on patient satisfaction that service quality becomes indicator of service used. The problem of this study was how about the health service quality at dental clinic of Myria Hospital Palembang. The aim was to know the health service quality at dental clinic of Myria Hospital Palembang. The study method was descriptive quantitative using questionnaire. The samples were 90 respondents by using purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistic, factor analysis, and regression with significance 0,1. Output statistic result of Anova linear regression was 0,086 that indicated significant relation between health service quality and patient satisfaction. Health service quality at dental clinic of Myria Hospital Palembang is already good.
Kura Clover Living Mulch: Spring Management Effects on Nitrogen
Authors: Alexander Jonathan R. , Venterea Rodney T. , Baker John M. , Coulter Jeffrey A.
Published: February 2019

Kura clover living mulch (KCLM) systems have the potential to provide ecosystem services in intensively managed cropping systems while supplying soil mineral nitrogen (N) to the growing cash crop. Living mulch management relies on strong spring suppression to reduce competition between vigorous kura clover and emerging row crop seedlings, but standard suppression management practices utilize widely different modes of action. The objective of this research was to gain insight into the impact of common KCLM management practices on early season N dynamics. Kura clover was mowed, and residue was either harvested or returned before rows were established via strip tillage or banded herbicide. Soil and gaseous N pools were monitored for 12 weeks post initial application of suppression management treatments. An enrichment factor (EF) approach was utilized to compare N pools under managed treatments relative to an unmanaged clover control. Strip tillage increased soil N by 300%, while banded herbicide row establishment increased soil N by 220% relative to the unmanaged control. Pre-plant clover harvest reduced short term soil NO3–N, but during later time intervals there was no relationship between residue management and soil N. We conclude that, for the dual goals of maintaining clover perenniality while providing greater soil N enrichment, strip tillage is superior to band herbicide for row establishment. Additionally, pre-plant clover harvest may open opportunities for dual harvests in a single growing season, increasing economic return while maintaining in-season N contributions from the living mulch.