bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Book Reviews
Authors: Helmbold Anita , Rycenga Jennifer , Alley-Young George , Williams Howell , Bube Paul Custodio , Gilmour Michael J. , Garbowski Christopher , Lindsey Robert M.
Published: April 2013

Connie Neal, The Gospel According to Harry Potter. Spirituality in the Stories of the World’s Most Famous Seeker, reviewed by Anita Helmbold

Rodney Clapp, Border Crossings: Christian Trespasses on Popular Culture and Public Affairs, reviewed by Jennifer Rycenga

William Romanowski, Eyes Wide Open: Looking for God in Popular Culture, reviewed by Gordon Alley-Young

Daniel Sack, Whitebread Protestants: Food and Religion in American Culture, reviewed by Howell Williams

John Granger, The Hidden Key to Harry Potter: Understanding the Meaning, Genius, and Popularity of Joanne Rowling’s Harry Potter Novels, reviewed by Paul Custodio Bube

George Aichele and Richard Walsh, eds., Screening Scripture: Intertextual Connections Between Scripture and Film, reviewed by Michael J. Gilmour

Richard A. Blake, Afterimage: The Indelible Catholic Imagination of Six American Filmmakers, reviewed by Christopher Garbowski

Robert K. Johnston, Reel Spirituality: Theology and Film in Dialogue, reviewed by Robert M. Lindsey
The Gnostic Illusion: Problematic Realized Eschatology in The Matrix Reloaded
Authors: Bowman Donna
Published: April 2013

While a Gnostic interpretation of The Matrix illuminates that film’s presentation of enlightenment and salvation, the sequel The Matrix Reloaded takes the inadequacy of the Gnostic worldview as one of its themes. The community of the enlightened is revealed to be in the thrall of dangerous illusions, and its saviour, who is effective only within the unreal world, lends paradoxical gravity to the discredited realm. The Zion community represents the failure of a realized eschatology to recognize binding relationships of dependence and to steer a sustainable middle way between the mental and the physical.
Shiva on the Durham Coalfield: On the Pertinence of Hindu Myth to the Film Billy Elliot
Authors: Kerkhoven Thomas
Published: April 2013

In this article the portrayal of the passage of youth in the film Billy Elliot by a cycle of Hindu myths regarding the god Shiva is analyzed. It is argued that the protagonist impels events in the universe of his mind by ritual dances as he enacts Shiva Nataraja, the Dancing Lord. The related myths of the burning of Shiva by the Hindu god of desire, Kama, and of Shiva's burning of Kama then depict the crisis of adolescence.
"These are Their Stories": Views of Religion in Law & Order
Authors: Clanton Jr. Dan W.
Published: April 2013

Law & Order is the longest running drama on television and has consistently included religious themes and issues in its storylines. Unfortunately, there has been virtually no research into the portrayal of religion in the program. This essay will examine various episodes in which religion and religious concerns figure prominently, and will assess the implications of the view(s) of religion and religious practices in the show. I will argue that Law & Order's view(s) of religion represents a common view of religion in America, i.e., religious devotion is tolerable as long as it (a) is of a socially acceptable variety; (b) is not taken to irrational extremes; and (c) does not harm other persons.
Book Reviews
Authors: Clanton Dan , Fielding Julian F. , Gilmore Michael J. , Williams Howell , Vassar John , McLoud Sean , Ferreri Frank , Bowman Donna , Ashcraft Michal
Published: April 2013

Ostwalt, Conrad. Secular Steeples: Popular Culture and the Religious Imagination, reviewed by Dan Clanton

Pinsky, Mark. The Gospel According to The Simpsons: The Spiritual Life of the World's Most Animated Family, reviewed by Julien R. Fielding

Billig, Michael. Rock n' Roll Jews, reviewed by Michael J. Gilmour

Remsberg, Rich. Riders for God: The Story of a Christian Motorcycle Gang, reviewed by Howell Williams

Cunningham, David S.Reading is Believing: The Christian Faith Through Literature and Film, reviewed by John Vassar

Budde, Michael and Robert Brimlow. Christianity Incorporated: How Big Business is Buying the Church, reviewed by Michael Van Dyke

Long, Carolyn Morrow. Spiritual Merchants: Religion, Magic, and Commerce, reviewed by Sean McCloud

Forbes, Bruce David and Jeffrey H. Mahan, eds. Religion and Popularr Culture in America, reviewed by Frank Ferreri

Lyden, John C. Films as Religion: Myths, Morals, and Rituals, reviewed by Donna Bowman

Dean, William. The American Spiritual Culture: And the Invention of Jazz, Football, and the Movies, reviewed by William Michael Ashcraft
The Production and Consumption of Contemporary Charismatic Worship in Britain as Investment and Affective Alliance
Authors: Ward Pete
Published: April 2013

Evangelical worship songs are of increasing significance in the churches in Britain. They have developed as a popular religious expression. Understandings of popular music within cultural studies may be used to read this popular religious culture. Using the work of Lawrence Grossberg, a theory of worship as affective alliance is developed. Affect locates meaning in the space between production and consumption. From a survey of popular writing within the charismatic movement, patterns of relationship between production and consumption are observed. These are read through Grossberg’s theories of meaning in popular music. It is argued that such a reading allows a nuanced understanding of contemporary worship music.
Negotiating the Paradox of Virtual Embodiment in the Classroom: Virtual Ethnicity, the Seductions of Potential, and the Assumption of Access
Authors: Burlein Ann
Published: April 2013

This paper explores how the practice of critical thinking in religious studies is being re-shaped by the Internet. My jumping off point is pedagogy: information technologies seem to embody world religions for my students at the same time as their use makes it more difficult for students to engage with issues of justice. Arguing that different media facilitate different scenes of interpellation, I contend that the web’s style of immersion through interactivity solicits a different kind of citizen: one who assumes access to racialized/ethnicized others as both a consumer right and as proof of technological liberation.
Book Reviews
Authors: Baker Kelly J. , Chan Alan L. , Moreman Christopher , Garbowski Christopher , Rycenga Jennifer , Lindley W. Terry , Ferreri Frank
Published: April 2013

Morgan, David. Protestants and Pictures: Religion, Visual Culture, and the Age of American Mass Production, reviewed by Kelly J. Baker

Davis, Walter T., Jr. Teresa Blythe, Gary Dreibelbis, Mark Scalese, Elizabeth Winans Winslea, Donald L. Ashburn, Kimberly Ayers, and Lonnie Voth. Watching What We Watch: Prime-Time Television Through the Lens of Faith., reviewed by Alan L. Chan

Santino, Jack, ed.Halloween and Other Festivals of Death and Life, reviewed by Christopher Moreman

Greeley, Andrew M. and Albert J. Bergesen. God in the Movies: A Sociological Investigation, reviewed by Christopher Garbowski

Waldmeir, John C. Poetry, Prose and Art in the American Social Gospel Movement, 1880-1910, reviewed by Jennifer Rycenga

Hangen, Tona J. Redeeming the Dial: Radio, Religion, and Popular Culture in America, reviewed by W. Terry Lindley

deChant, Dell. The Sacred Santa: The Religious Dimensions of Consumer Culture, reviewed by Frank Ferreri
The Deep Focus Typecasting of Joseph Schildkraut as Judas Figure in Four DeMille Films
Authors: Kozlovic Anton Karl
Published: April 2013

Cecil B. DeMille is an unsung auteur director, a master of the American biblical epic, and a founding figure of Hollywood. However, critics have routinely dismissed him as unfashionable, inauthentic or disingenuous. Rarely have DeMille’s credentials as a legitimate religious artist been seriously investigated, acknowledged or applauded. One of his cinematic trade secrets was the utilisation of deep focus casting, that is, the engineering of significant correspondences between his on-screen characters and his actors’ personal idiosyncrasies, which eventually resulted in their typecasting. Using humanist film criticism as the analytical lens, the critical literature is reviewed and eight components of DeMille’s deep focus casting philosophy are identified. This understanding is then applied to Joseph Schildkraut and his Judasean betrayer roles within The King of Kings, Cleopatra, The Crusades and The Road to Yesterday. It is concluded that Schildkraut was typecast as an archetypal betrayer because DeMille needed a good “bad-guy” for dramatic effect and ethnic authenticity, which the Jewish-American actor excelled at performing. The notion that DeMille-the-Christian was fundamentally an anti-Jewish bigot, a rabid racist, or spiteful towards the Schildkraut family is firmly rejected. Further research into DeMille Studies and the pop culture construction of biblical, religious, historical and other screen characters was recommended.
Archetypes on the American Screen: Heroes and Anti-Heroes
Authors: Fitch III John
Published: April 2013

Within the American cinematic gestalt, we are continually offered portrayals of the individual redemptive journey. Filmmakers repeatedly portray versions of the hero and anti-hero. These figures have their roots in age-old mythological and religious characters, and are easily identifiable in the traditional Western and more recent Road Movies. This paper compares the mythic Odysseus and the Christian Testament’s St. Paul in an examination of the cinematic use of the hero and anti-hero archetypes. In a majority of American films, Odysseus and Paul become one and the same, and the journey of redemption is blighted by blood, rather than illuminated by divine light.
Dayglo Koans and Spiritual Renewal: 1960s Psychedelic Rock Concert Posters and the Broadening of American Spirituality
Authors: Moist Kevin M
Published: April 2013

This article focuses on the influence of Eastern “ways of liberation” such as Buddhism and Taoism on the creative activity of a vibrant visionary subculture in San Francisco’s Haight-Ashbury district from 1965–1969. Part of a larger study of psychedelic rock concert posters, this paper addresses the particular influence of Eastern mystical philosophy on the visual rhetoric of these San Francisco posters and its cultural impact as it radiated outwards from there. In addition to visual elements such as iconography and visual style, the posters are seen as attempting visually to represent the paradoxical logic central to the “enlightenment” experience of those and other mystical religious traditions.
Miracles or Love? How Religious Leaders Communicate Trustworthiness through the Web
Authors: Pace Stephano
Published: April 2013

A religious organization should communicate trustworthiness by attempting correctly to interpret its message and by recruiting new members. Modern communication involves new means of communication like the Internet, which has become an important medium capable of spreading a complex message to a large audience. Religious movements are a growing social and organizational force that employ modern communication methods and criteria. This paper addresses the convergence of religious communication and the Internet, by focusing on trust, a fundamental element of any type of communication, especially of a religious kind. Two main drivers can elicit trust: capabilities (the skill to realize what is promised) and benevolence (the lack of any opportunistic or egoistic goal). This paper employs the content analysis method to analyze the biographies of religious leaders posted on the their official web-sites, in order to verify the existence of these two trust drivers, i.e., leader’s capabilities and benevolence. The results demonstrate the different stress placed on each.
Professional Baseball and Fan Disillusionment: A Religious Ritual Analysis
Authors: Scholes Jefferey
Published: April 2013

Over the last ten years, Major League Baseball has suffered a significant loss of fan support. The reasons for this are varied and numerous, but an explanatory theory to unite them is largely lacking. This is particularly evident within the field of religious scholarship where baseball, if spoken of at all, is romanticized and rarely analyzed for the problems it faces. Or because of the secular trappings of professional sport and its willingness to adopt the rationalized means of organizing and expressing itself, some scholars argue that religion is largely absent there. Conversely in this paper, I show how baseball has in the past and continues to provide a kind of religious ritual experience for the fan via its use of a life-cycle. Then I will argue that the way in which business and baseball interact today results in a dis-integration of said coherent experience that prohibits many fans from engaging with their sport.
Role-Playing Games and the Christian Right: Community Formation in Response to a Moral Panic
Authors: Waldron David
Published: April 2013

During the 1980s, the newly established industry and youth subculture associated with role-playing games came under sustained attack from schools, churches, parents and governments, instigated by the Christian Right via organizations such as B.A.D.D. (Bothered About Dungeons and Dragons). While both the organization B.A.D.D and its claims linking Role-playing games to youth suicide, drug use and Satanism eventually were discredited, the impact of these accusations lingers on to the present. This article examines the impact of the role-playing game “moral panic” on the role-playing game community and investigates the responses and coping mechanisms utilised by those directly targeted and harassed by churches, the police, schools and governments during the height of the “moral panic” in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The article also investigates the effect that the shared experience of being targeted by a “moral panic” had on the formation of a role-playing counter culture and community.
Popular Music on Christianity in the United States: Christianity’s Failure to Love
Authors: Cataldo Jeremiah
Published: April 2013

According to some popular musicians in the United States, Christianity has been used to justify exclusion, oppression, and death through its practices, beliefs, and doctrines. Such justification runs contrary to the fundamental bases upon which Christianity is founded. A religion based upon love and acceptance, the musicians claim, should not justify the aforementioned; either Christianity redefines its doctrines and their acceptable uses, or society must reject Christianity’s championing of fundamentals, such as love, defining these fundamentals in ways truer to their own nature.
Book Reviews
Authors: Claton Jr. Dan W. , Craig Tim , LaGrone Matthew , Siegler Elijah , Cooke Robert , Kraemer Christine Hoff
Published: April 2013

Fillingim, David. Redneck Liberation: Country Music as Theology, reviewed by Dan W. Claton Jr.

Stevenson, Gregory. Televised Morality: The Case of Buffy the Vampire Slayer, reviewed by Tim Craig

Most, Andrea. Making Americans: Jews and the Broadway Musical, reviewed by Matthew LaGrone

Koschorke, Albrecht. The Holy Family and its Legacy, reviewed by Elijah Siegler

Walsh, Richard. Reading the Gospels in the Dark: Portrayals of Jesus in Film, reviewed by Robert Cooke

Loughlin, Gerard. Alien Sex: The Body and Desire in Theology and Cinema., reviewed by Christine Hoff Kraemer
Ice flow velocities over Vostok Subglacial Lake, East Antarctica, determined by 10 years of GNSS observations
Authors: Richter A. , Fedorov D.V. , Fritsche M. , Popov S.V. , Lipenkov V.Ya. , Ekaykin A.A. , Lukin V.V. , Matveev A.Yu. , Grebnev V.P. , Rosenau R. , Dietrich R.
Published: April 2013

Repeated Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) observations were carried out at 50 surface markers in the Vostok Subglacial Lake (East Antarctica) region between 2001 and 2011. The horizontal ice flow velocity vectors were derived with accuracies of 1 cm a−1 and 0.5°, representing the first reliable information on ice flow kinematics in the northern part of the lake. Within the lake area, ice flow velocities do not exceed 2 m a−1. The ice flow azimuth is southeast in the southern part of the lake and turns gradually to east-northeast in the northern part. In the northern part, as the ice flow enters the lake at the western shore, the velocity decreases towards the central lake axis, then increases slightly past the central axis. In the southern part, a continued acceleration is observed from the central lake axis across the downstream grounding line. Based on the observed flow velocity vectors and ice thickness data, mean surface accumulation rates are inferred for four surface segments between Ridge B and Vostok Subglacial Lake and show a steady increase towards the north.
Development and application of a time-lapse photograph analysis method to investigate the link between tidewater glacier flow variations and supraglacial lake drainage events
Authors: Danielson Brad , Sharp Martin
Published: April 2013

Marine-terminating glaciers may experience seasonal and short-term flow variations, which can impact rates of ice flux through the glacier terminus. We explore the relationship between variability in the flow of a large tidewater glacier (Belcher Glacier, Nunavut, Canada), the seasonal cycle of surface meltwater production and the rapid drainage of supraglacial lakes. We demonstrate a novel method for analyzing time-lapse photography to quantify lake area change rates (a proxy for net filling and drainage rates) and develop a typology of lake drainage styles. GPS records of ice motion reveal four flow acceleration events which can be linked to lake drainage events discovered in the time-lapse photography. These events are superimposed on a longer pattern of velocity variation that is linked to seasonal variation in surface melting. At the terminus of the glacier, the ice displacement associated with the lake drainage events constitutes ∼10% of the seasonally accelerated displacement or 0.4% of the total annual ice displacement (336 m a−1). While the immediate ice response to these individual perturbations may be small, these drainage events may enhance overall seasonal acceleration by opening and/or sustaining meltwater conduits to the glacier bed.
A physically based model of the year-round surface energy and mass balance of debris-covered glaciers
Authors: Lejeune Yves , Bertrand Jean-Maxime , Wagnon Patrick , Morin Samuel
Published: April 2013

Debris-covered glaciers respond to atmospheric conditions in different ways from debris-free glaciers, due to the presence of debris at the surface during the ablation season and at the snow/ice interface during the accumulation season. Understanding the response of debris-covered glaciers to a variety of meteorological conditions in a physically sound manner is essential to quantify meltwater discharge and to predict their response to climate change. To tackle this issue, we developed the Crocus-DEB model as an adaptation of the detailed snowpack model Crocus, to simulate the energy and mass balance of debris-covered glaciers, including periods when debris is covered by snow. Crocus-DEB was evaluated with data gathered during a field experiment using artificial debris covering the snowpack at Col de Porte, France, with very good results in terms of conductive heat flux, both at the surface and at the interface between the debris and the underlying dense snow taken as a surrogate for ice, with and without snow overlying the debris. The model was also evaluated using field data from the debris-covered glacier Changri Nup, Nepal, Himalaya. This paper introduces the design of the model, its performance and its ability to explore relationships between model parameters, meteorological conditions and the critical debris thickness.
The evolution of crystal fabric in ice sheets and its link to climate history
Authors: Kennedy Joseph H. , Pettit Erin C. , Di Prinzio Carlos L.
Published: April 2013

The evolution of preferred crystal-orientation fabrics is strongly sensitive to the initial fabric and texture. A perturbation in climate can induce variations in fabric and texture in the firn. Feedbacks between fabric evolution and ice deformation can enhance these variations through time and depth in an ice sheet. We model the evolution of fabric under vertical uniaxial-compression and pure-shear regimes typical of ice divides. Using an analytic anisotropic flow law applied to an aggregate of distinct ice crystals, the model evolves the fabric and includes parameterizations of crystal growth, polygonization and migration recrystallization. Stress and temperature history drive the fabric evolution. Using this model, we explore the evolution of a subtle variation in near-surface fabric using both constant applied stress and a stress–temperature history based on data from Taylor Dome, East Antarctica. Our model suggests that a subtle variation in fabric caused by climate perturbations will be preserved through time and depth in an ice sheet. The stress history and polygonization rate primarily control the magnitude of the preserved climate signal. These results offer the possibility of extracting information about past climate directly from ice fabrics.
Sex-Specific Brain Deficits in Auditory Processing in an Animal Model of Cocaine-Related Schizophrenic Disorders
Authors: Broderick Patricia , Rosenbaum Taylor
Published: April 2013

Cocaine is a psychostimulant in the pharmacological class of drugs called Local Anesthetics. Interestingly, cocaine is the only drug in this class that has a chemical formula comprised of a tropane ring and is, moreover, addictive. The correlation between tropane and addiction is well-studied. Another well-studied correlation is that between psychosis induced by cocaine and that psychosis endogenously present in the schizophrenic patient. Indeed, both of these psychoses exhibit much the same behavioral as well as neurochemical properties across species. Therefore, in order to study the link between schizophrenia and cocaine addiction, we used a behavioral paradigm called Acoustic Startle. We used this acoustic startle paradigm in female versus male Sprague-Dawley animals to discriminate possible sex differences in responses to startle. The startle method operates through auditory pathways in brain via a network of sensorimotor gating processes within auditory cortex, cochlear nuclei, inferior and superior colliculi, pontine reticular nuclei, in addition to mesocorticolimbic brain reward and nigrostriatal motor circuitries. This paper is the first to report sex differences to acoustic stimuli in Sprague-Dawley animals (Rattus norvegicus) although such gender responses to acoustic startle have been reported in humans (Swerdlow et al. 1997 [1]). The startle method monitors pre-pulse inhibition (PPI) as a measure of the loss of sensorimotor gating in the brain's neuronal auditory network; auditory deficiencies can lead to sensory overload and subsequently cognitive dysfunction. Cocaine addicts and schizophrenic patients as well as cocaine treated animals are reported to exhibit symptoms of defective PPI (Geyer et al., 2001 [2]). Key findings are: (a) Cocaine significantly reduced PPI in both sexes. (b) Females were significantly more sensitive than males; reduced PPI was greater in females than in males. (c) Physiological saline had no effect on startle in either sex. Thus, the data elucidate gender-specificity to the startle response in animals. Finally, preliminary studies show the effect of cocaine on acoustic startle in tandem with effects on estrous cycle. The data further suggest that hormones may play a role in these sex differences to acoustic startle reported herein.
The Species-Area Relationship in the Late Ordovician: A Test Using Neutral Theory
Authors: Sclafani Judith , Holland Steven
Published: April 2013

The fundamental biodiversity number, θ, as proposed by Hubbell, should be positively correlated with province area. Because θ can be calculated from preserved relative abundance distributions, this correlation can be tested in the fossil record for regions with known provinces. Late Ordovician (443–458 Ma) strata of Laurentia are divided into four geochemically and biologically distinct regions that reflect provinces in the epicontinental sea. We use existing and newly obtained bed-level census data to test whether Hubbell’s θ is positively correlated with the area of these four regions, corresponding roughly to the Appalachian Basin, Cincinnati Arch, Upper Mississippi Valley, and western United States and Canada. Results indicate a positive relationship between province area and θ that suggests the influence of provincial area, among other factors, on diversity. This correlation highlights the inherent link between diversity and abundance structure at local and regional scales, such that changes at one scale will necessarily affect the other. Since diversity at these smaller spatial scales is an important component of global biodiversity, determining the nature of this relationship in the fossil record has implications for understanding how diversity is assembled globally throughout the Phanerozoic.
Resilient Minimum Entropy Filter Design for Non-Gaussian Stochastic Systems
Authors: Wang Yan , Wang Hong , Guo Lei
Published: April 2013

In this paper, the resilient minimum entropy filter problem is investigated for the stochastic systems with non-Gaussian disturbances. The goal of designing the filter is to guarantee that the entropy of the estimation error is monotonically decreasing, moreover, the error system is exponentially ultimately bounded in the mean square. Based on the entropy performance function, a filter gain updating algorithm is presented to make the entropy decrease at every sampling instant k. Then the boundedness of the gain updating law is analyzed using the kernel density estimation technique. Furthermore, a suboptimal resilient filter gain is designed in terms of LMI. Finally, a simulation example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Symmetry Properties of Bi-Normal and Bi-Gamma Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves are Described by Kullback-Leibler Divergences
Authors: Hughes Gareth , Bhattacharya Bhaskar
Published: April 2013

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves have application in analysis of the performance of diagnostic indicators used in the assessment of disease risk in clinical and veterinary medicine and in crop protection. For a binary indicator, an ROC curve summarizes the two distributions of risk scores obtained by retrospectively categorizing subjects as cases or controls using a gold standard. An ROC curve may be symmetric about the negative diagonal of the graphical plot, or skewed towards the left-hand axis or the upper axis of the plot. ROC curves with different symmetry properties may have the same area under the curve. Here, we characterize the symmetry properties of bi-Normal and bi-gamma ROC curves in terms of the Kullback-Leibler divergences (KLDs) between the case and control distributions of risk scores. The KLDs describe the known symmetry properties of bi-Normal ROC curves, and newly characterize the symmetry properties of constant-shape and constant-scale bi-gamma ROC curves. It is also of interest to note an application of KLDs where their asymmetry—often an inconvenience—has a useful interpretation.
Frataxin Deficiency Leads to Reduced Expression and Impaired Translocation of NF-E2-Related Factor (Nrf2) in Cultured Motor Neurons
Authors: D'Oria Valentina , Petrini Stefania , Travaglini Lorena , Priori Chiara , Piermarini Emanuela , Petrillo Sara , Carletti Barbara , Bertini Enrico , Piemonte Fiorella
Published: April 2013

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Friedreich’s Ataxia (FRDA), a neurodegenerative disease caused by the decreased expression of frataxin, a mitochondrial protein responsible of iron homeostasis. Under conditions of oxidative stress, the activation of the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) triggers the antioxidant cellular response by inducing antioxidant response element (ARE) driven genes. Increasing evidence supports a role for the Nrf2-ARE pathway in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we analyzed the expression and the distribution of Nrf2 in silenced neurons for frataxin gene. Decreased Nrf2 mRNA content and a defective activation after treatment with pro-oxidants have been evidenced in frataxin-silenced neurons by RT-PCR and confocal microscopy. The loss of Nrf2 in FRDA may greatly enhance the cellular susceptibility to oxidative stress and make FRDA neurons more vulnerable to injury. Our findings may help to focus on this promising target, especially in its emerging role in the neuroprotective response.
Antinociceptive Activity of Stephanolepis hispidus Skin Aqueous Extract Depends Partly on Opioid System Activation
Authors: Carvalho Vinicius , Fernandes Lohengrin , Conde Taline , Zamith Helena , Silva Ronald , Surrage Andrea , Frutuoso Valber , Castro-Faria-Neto Hugo , Amendoeira Fabio
Published: April 2013

Stephanolepis hispidus is one of the most common filefish species in Brazil. Its skin is traditionally used as a complementary treatment for inflammatory disorders. However, there are very few studies on chemical and pharmacological properties using the skin of this fish. This study was undertaken in order to investigate the effect of aqueous crude extract of S. hispidus skin (SAE) in different nociception models. Here, we report that intraperitoneal administration of SAE inhibited the abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid in mice. In addition to the effect seen in the abdominal constriction model, SAE was also able to inhibit the hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in mice. This potent antinociceptive effect was observed in the hot plate model too, but not in tail-flick test. Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, was able to block the antinociceptive effect of SAE in the abdominal constriction and hot plate models. In addition, SAE did not present cytotoxic or genotoxic effect in human peripheral blood cells. Our results suggest that aqueous crude extract from S. hispidus skin has antinociceptive activity in close relationship with the partial activation of opioid receptors in the nervous system. Moreover, aqueous crude extract from S. hispidus skin does not present toxicity and is therefore endowed with the potential for pharmacological control of pain.
Research on Bell-Shaped Vibratory Angular Rate Gyro’s Character of Resonator
Authors: Su Zhong , Fu Mengyin , Li Qing , Liu Ning , Liu Hong
Published: April 2013

Bell-shaped vibratory angular rate gyro (abbreviated as BVG) is a new type Coriolis vibratory gyro that was inspired by Chinese traditional clocks. The resonator fuses based on a variable thickness axisymmetric multicurved surface shell. Its characteristics can directly influence the performance of BVG. The BVG structure not only has capabilities of bearing high overload, high impact and, compared with the tuning fork, vibrating beam, shell and a comb structure, but also a higher frequency to overcome the influence of the disturbance of the exterior environment than the same sized hemispherical resonator gyroscope (HRG) and the traditional cylinder vibratory gyroscope. It can be widely applied in high dynamic low precision angular rate measurement occasions. The main work is as follows: the issue mainly analyzes the structure and basic principle, and investigates the bell-shaped resonator’s mathematical model. The reasonable structural parameters are obtained from finite element analysis and an intelligent platform. Using the current solid vibration gyro theory analyzes the structural characteristics and principles of BVG. The bell-shaped resonator is simplified as a paraboloid of the revolution mechanical model, which has a fixed closed end and a free opened end. It obtains the natural frequency and vibration modes based on the theory of elasticity. The structural parameters are obtained from the orthogonal method by the research on the structural parameters of the resonator analysis. It obtains the modal analysis, stress analysis and impact analysis with the chosen parameters. Finally, using the turntable experiment verifies the gyro effect of the BVG.
Change in Hepatitis A Seroprevalence among U.S. Children and Adolescents: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2006 and 2007–2010
Authors: Kruszon-Moran Deanna , Klevens R. , McQuillan Geraldine
Published: April 2013

To examine changes in seroprevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus (HAV) during a period in which universal vaccine recommendations for all U.S. children were implemented, results from serologic testing from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003–2010 were analyzed among 7,989 participants age 6–19 years, born in the U.S. in two birth cohorts (1986–1996 and 1997–2004). Overall prevalence increased over time from 24.4% in 2003–2006 to the highest ever reported (37.6%) in 2007–2010. Specifically, increases reached statistical significance in the birth cohort born in the years after implementation of vaccine recommendations (1997–2004), among those of race/ethnicity other than white, non-Hispanic, and among states where recommendations were implemented later. The greatest increase over time was among the subgroup of persons in states with early implementation who were of race/ethnicity other than white, non-Hispanic. Geographic region and birth cohort based on vaccine recommendations as well as race/ethnicity were the main predictors of seropositivity in 2007–2010. The increase in Hepatitis A seroprevalence occurred during a time of decreasing incidence and increasing vaccination, however race/ethnic disparities persist.
Du nouveau sur les Vikings
Authors: Boüard Michel de
Published: April 2013

Faisant état de récents travaux historiques et archéologiques, l'auteur tente de préciser ce qu'ils apportent de nouveau touchant la genèse des invasions des Vikings. Les vicissitudes des relations entre Scandinavie et Europe occidentale semblent liées à l'état des communications transcontinentales entre Baltique et Méditerranée ; l'activité commerciale sur les routes maritimes du Nord ne subit pas de ralentissement à l'époque carolingienne ; le Danemark réussit à contrôler, au début de l'époque des Vikings, la région où s'effectuait le contact entre le commerce de la mer du Nord et celui de la Baltique.
L'Armement honfleurais et le commerce des esclaves à la fin du XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Bénard Jean-Claude
Published: April 2013

L'auteur a étudié les rapports des diverses Amirautés. Le voyage durait environ six mois, la destination la plus fréquente étant la Côte de Guinée. Les marchandises emportées comme monnaie d'échange étaient fournies en partie seulement par l'industrie normande : pièces de textile dites de Rouen, quincaillerie provenant peut-être de Basse-Normandie. La mortalité, très élevée parmi les captifs, semble imputable surtout à une mauvaise alimentation ; la plupart des décès sont survenus à la suite de scorbut ou d'autres maladies du tube digestif. A l'arrivée en Amérique, le prix de vente moyen d'un noir semble avoir été de douze ou treize cents livres.

L'auteur termine en insistant sur le fait que le commerce des esclaves était une activité essentielle du port d'Honfleur comparable, en importance, à la pêche à la morue ; la presque totalité du commerce avec les Antilles se faisait par l'intermédiaire des négriers.
Mesures agraires anciennes et nouvelles dans le Calvados
Authors: Désert Gabriel
Published: April 2013

L'auteur, dans son article, montre l'intérêt que peuvent présenter, pour la connaissance des mesures agraires anciennes, les Archives de l'enregistrement, notamment les actes de vente, les analyses des successions immobilières et les copies de baux concernant la période 1810-1839, et les documents émanant des Archives des Hospices et Hôpitaux comme ceux relatifs aux terres appartenant à ces établissements. Puis, appliquant celte méthode de recherche à cent cinq communes du Calvados, il complète, confirme, infirme ou nuance certaines évaluations de mesures agraires anciennes faites par d'autres chercheurs.
Etude par sondage de la criminalité dans le bailliage du Pont-de-l'Arche (XVIIe - XVIIIe siècles)
Authors: Boutelet Bernadette , Chaunu Pierre
Published: April 2013

L'auteur étudie les documents contenus dans 28 liasses de procès criminels du bailliage du Pont-de-l'Arche ; au total, 88 procès jugés de 1587 à 1646 et de 1769 à 1789. Le caractère dominant de la criminalité change du début du XVIIe à la fin du XVIIIe siècle ; « de la violence au vol, en marche vers l'escroquerie ». Les textes étudiés apparaissent, d'autre part, riches en matériaux pour l'histoire économique et sociale. L'article est précédé d'un avant-propos de P. Chaunu.
Un Terroir cauchois au début du XIVe siècle : Le Domaine de Longueil
Authors: Favier Jean
Published: April 2013

La terre de Longueil dans sa totalité fait partie des domaines concédés à Enguerran de Marigny. L'étude de la prisée qui en fut faite en 1316 permet à l'auteur de souligner tout d'abord la faible extension de la réserve seigneuriale. L'absence d'élevage spéculatif en peut être la cause, avec la prédominance des cultures céréalières. Cette diminution tie la réserve conduit à la disparition des corvées. La grande masse des revenus provient des tenures dont le nombre témoigne de l'importance du défrichement. La poursuite de celui-ci a permis plusieurs revalorisations tie la rente seigneuriale mais aussi la constitution «l'une catégorie «le paysans aisés. Vers 1300, le terroir atteint son maximum d'extension.
Sépultures de nouveau-nés dans les fouilles gallo-romaines de Fleurheim à Lyons-la-Forêt (Eure)
Authors: Dollfus Marc-Adrien , Guyot A.
Published: April 2013

Les auteurs décrivent la découverte en 1967 et 1968, sur le site gallo-romain de Fleurheim à Lyons-la-Forêt où ont été découverts les restes très probables d'un théâtre rustique, de six tombes de nouveau- nés.

Ces tombes, que rien ne signalait à l'extérieur, sont creusées à même le sol des pièces découvertes et à l'emplacement probable de la scène. L'état de conservation des ossements en a permis une étude anatomique très précise et ainsi d'en déterminer l'âge, quatre ont moins d'un mois et deux moins de six mois.

Une des tombes contenait une aryballe en verre, une autre un fragment de bracelet de verre, une troisième avait à son voisinage immédiat un amas de 98 coquilles d'escargots et une quatrième une monnaie de Constantin II. Dans cinq sur six la sépulture contenait plusieurs clous courts témoignant de la présence de cercueils en bois.

Cette découverte, rare dans le sol de bâtiments gallo-romains, semble indiquer une réoccupation au cours du IVe siècle, car la plupart des objets, céramiques et monnaies montrent aussi une occupation au IIe siècle.
A partir des sources hospitalières. L'alimentation du pauvre de l'hôpital général de Caen au début du XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Villemon Marie-José
Published: April 2013

Les ressources des archives hospitalières sont inépuisables. Elles permettent ici de définir en termes clairs les caractères essentiels de l'ancienne alimentation et de cerner son originalité régionale. Les documents utilisés, dans la série H suppl. Caen, portent seulement sur l'Hôpital général de la ville, dit Hôpital Saint-Louis (recensements, états des dépenses, livres des entrées et sorties, rapports descriptifs). L'étude montre que les pauvres y sont assez abondamment nourris à partir d'aliments pauvres. Le point faible est vitaminique ; l'auteur décèle deux carences caractéristiques de l'alimentation des pauvres en milieu urbain, le rachitisme et l'état préscorbutique latent. Le grand intérêt de l'enquête est donc dans l'établissement d'une ration alimentaire, point de départ d'une analyse rigoureuse sur le plan strictement nutritif.
Un aperçu de la protection des droits sociaux au Japon
Authors: Sasanuma Hiroshi
Published: April 2013

Social rights have been recognized in international law as well as through various domestic laws. However, in comparison to civil and political rights, they are still considered as •half-rights”. Such a differentiated treatment tends to be criticized, by both social movements and doctrinal works, partially followed by international and national jurisprudence. This paper written by Professor Hiroshi Sasanuma, translated into French, offers one among the very few doctrinal works dealing in Japan with the protection of social rights and give a contrasted analysis of the question. If some Japanese legal scholars strongly advocate the indivisibility of human rights, the judiciary still remains hesitant to this regard and judicial decisions are slow to strengthen the •justiciability”, the effectiveness and the opposability of social rights.
Les sans-papiers au Japon : renforcement des contrôles et émergence d’une mobilisation en faveur des régularisations
Authors: Le Bail Hélène
Published: April 2013

À la fin des années 1990, des résidents étrangers en situation irrégulière se sont rassemblés pour faire des demandes collectives de régularisation. Deux cas étaient mis en avant : les familles ayant des enfants scolarisés dans le système japonais et les personnes victimes d’accident du travail au Japon. Cette mobilisation soutenue par des associations japonaises d’aide aux étrangers, par des avocats et un collectif de représentants du monde académique, a permis, au delà des résultats immédiats, d’élargir le débat sur les régularisations, mais aussi de pousser le ministère en charge à clarifier les pratiques administratives. Le nombre de régularisations a ainsi doublé au cours de la première moitié des années 2000 avant de retrouver son niveau antérieur (le nombre de personnes en situation irrégulière ayant en même temps chuté). Cet article tente de décrire le contexte dans lequel la mobilisation s’est mise en place et ses résultats.
L’entreprenariat féminin en Asie : le cas du Japon, de la Corée du Sud, de la Malaisie et du Vietnam
Authors: Debroux Philippe
Published: April 2013

The article focuses on female entrepreneurship in four East and South-East Asian countries. The issue has been given importance since the end of the 1990s. Female entrepreneurship could enrich the offer on the market, while recreating a dynamics in rural and urban areas. More innovative enterprises with higher growth prospects than before can be expected to enter the market. They will also offer employment to women who have problems to enter or to stay in the labour market. Female entrepreneurship has made progress during the last two decades. However, public policies pursued during the last fifteen years have not been a successful as expected. It could be argued that significant changes in their orientation are needed in order to achieve the ambitious objectives devised in the four countries.
Le droit japonais comme traduction
Authors: Giraudou Isabelle
Published: April 2013

Cette étude propose une approche du droit japonais comme traduction. Elle envisage le paradigme traductif dans sa double acception, à la fois technique (le

droit traduit) et métaphorique (le droit comme traduction), et s’attache à préciser en quoi les mécanismes de (re) création juridique sont au Japon intimement liés à un ensemble de processus traductifs. Placer ainsi la traduction au coeur du droit japonais conduit à remettre en cause certaines analyses classiques (dont celles fondées sur les «transplants juridiques») et à réexaminer le caractère poreux d’un droit souvent qualifié trop lapidairement d’ «hybride». De manière plus décisive encore, et en lien avec la mondialisation du droit, le paradigme de la traduction ouvre la réflexion juridique comparée à la notion d’ «espace normatif».
Tarui Tōkichi selon Takeuchi Yoshimi : une vision romantique de l’asiatisme ?
Authors: Lévy Christine
Published: April 2013

L’article part de l’hypothèse que la définition de l’asiatisme (ajiashugi, différencié du pan-asiatisme et du Grand asiatisme) proposée par Takeuchi Yoshimi (1910-1977) relève d’une vision romantique qui se caractérise par la recherche du génie authentique de la révolte moderne, la critique du positivisme, le refus de l’objectivisme qui nie le juste rapport entre les activités de l’imagination et de la raison dans l’esprit humain. Nous examinons la légitimité et la pertinence de cette grille de lecture appliquée au texte de Tarui Tōkichi (1850-1922), Dai Tō gappōron (L’Union du Grand Orient). Le texte conduit Takeuchi à affirmer que le principe de la solidarité entre pays asiatiques a constitué le dénominateur commun aux asiatismes. Nous confrontons cette affirmation à la perspective d’analyse définissant l’essence de l’asiatisme par le racisme (Babicz 2002).
Histoire, peuple, écran. Un entretien avec René Allio
Authors: Burdy Jean-Paul , Nourrisson Didier , Cogranne Régis
Published: April 2013

C'est notre premier article sur la diffusion de l'histoire. La représentation du peuple et de son histoire au cinéma : nous avons interrogé René Allio et ses films. Propos recueillis par Jean-Paul Burdy et Didier Nourrisson, avec la collaboration de Régis Cogranne.
Engagement & scientificité. Un programme de travail
Authors: Margolin Jean-Louis
Published: April 2013

C'est la position de l'histoire dans la société, histoire produite et diffusée, qui intéresse le groupe Histoire d'Espaces Temps. Mais ce regard est dynamique ? Comment l'histoire se trouve-t-elle induite par son propre impact social ? Un champ de recherches qui lie la sociologie de l'histoire à son épistémologie.
Le tour de la France par vingt sept géographes
Authors: Lévy-Piarroux Yveline
Published: April 2013

"Découvrir la France" est à la fois un succès de librairie et un manuel pour étudiants en géographie, en fait le principal ouvrage actuel sur les Régions françaises. Quelle est la conception de la région que les auteurs ont mise en oeuvre ? En fait existe- elle cette conception ?
Des échelles
Authors: Grataloup Christian
Published: April 2013

Proposer sur la région. Il convient d'abord de régler leur compte à quelques notions apparemment évidentes et réellement problématiques : l'échelle est l'une d'elles. C'est seulement en "nettoyant" le terrain que l'on peut tenter d'inscrire dans le mouvement historique une approche de la région comme instance de la formation sociale. Dans ce cadre, les pays dominés - nations en formation, privées de logique interne de développement - constituent un cas à part. Avec ces trois textes, on n'a pas une nouvelle conception définitive, mais un engagement à poursuivre la réflexion.
Par n'importe quel bout, vers la logique globale
Authors: Godelier Maurice
Published: April 2013

Ne pas croire que l'économie épuise l'approche d'une société, cela peut aussi permettre de donner à l'économie toute sa place, y compris dans l'étude des sociétés "primitives". Maurice Godelier, anthropologue et responsable des sciences sociales au CNRS, dérange et propose.
Deux ou trois choses nouvelles en géographie urbaine
Authors: Pumain Denise , Saint-Julien Thérèse
Published: April 2013

Au delà de la diversité présente et de l'ampleur des évolutions qui marquent, dans les hiérarchies de taille et de fonctions, les systèmes de villes, peut-on proposer des régularités suffisamment fortes pour apparaître comme des invariants ? Denise Pumain et Thérèse Saint-Julien font le point sur une question, familière pour elles et décisive pour l'approche sociale de l'espace.
Modes de vie: état des lieux
Authors: Cribier Françoise , Elissalde Bernard , Rhein Catherine
Published: April 2013

Migrations de loisirs, migrations d'actifs et de retraités : tous ces aspects de la mobilité géographique renvoient à une mobilité sociale globale, dont la première constitue une dimension longtemps délaissée. Françoise Cribier, maître de recherche au CNRS, montre à quel point l'espace fait partie de nos modes de vie, de notre individualité et de notre destin social.
Espace et politique: une nouvelle chance
Authors: Lévy Jacques
Published: April 2013

L'État, les comportements électoraux, les relations internationales : tout ce qui est politique semble bien être aussi spatial. Pourtant espace et politique ne s'étaient pas sérieusement rencontrés jusqu'à présent, Jacques Lévy fait le point sur une possible "nouvelle chance", en balisant les visites souhaitables et les excursions superflues.