bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from Loss of STK11 Suppresses Lipid Metabolism and Attenuates KRAS-Induced Immunogenicity in Patients with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Principe Daniel R. , Pasquinelli Mary M. , Nguyen Ryan H. , Munshi Hidayatullah G. , Hulbert Alicia , Aissa Alexandre F. , Weinberg Frank
Published: August 2024

Abstract
As many as 30% of the patients with non–small cell lung cancer harbor oncogenic KRAS mutations, which leads to extensive remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment. Although co-mutations in several genes have prognostic relevance in KRAS-mutated patients, their effect on tumor immunogenicity are poorly understood. In the present study, a total of 189 patients with non–small cell lung cancer underwent a standardized analysis including IHC, whole-exome DNA sequencing, and whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing. Patients with activating KRAS mutations demonstrated a significant increase in PDL1 expression and CD8+ T-cell infiltration. Both were increased in the presence of a co-occurring TP53 mutation and lost with STK11 co-mutation. Subsequent genomic analysis demonstrated that KRAS/TP53 co-mutated tumors had a significant decrease in the expression of glycolysis-associated genes and an increase in several genes involved in lipid metabolism, notably lipoprotein lipase, low-density lipoprotein receptor, and LDLRAD4. Conversely, in the immune-excluded KRAS/STK11 co-mutated group, we observed diminished lipid metabolism and no change in anaerobic glycolysis. Interestingly, in patients with low expression of lipoprotein lipase, low-density lipoprotein receptor, or LDLRAD4, KRAS mutations had no effect on tumor immunogenicity. However, in patients with robust expression of these genes, KRAS mutations were associated with increased immunogenicity and associated with improved overall survival. Our data further suggest that the loss of STK11 may function as a metabolic switch, suppressing lipid metabolism in favor of glycolysis, thereby negating KRAS-induced immunogenicity. Hence, this concept warrants continued exploration, both as a predictive biomarker and potential target for therapy in patients receiving ICI-based immunotherapy.
Significance:
In patients with lung cancer, we demonstrate that KRAS mutations increase tumor immunogenicity; however, KRAS/STK11 co-mutated patients display an immune-excluded phenotype. KRAS/STK11 co-mutated patients also demonstrated significant downregulation of several key lipid metabolism genes, many of which were associated with increased immunogenicity and improved overall survival in KRAS-mutated patients. Hence, alteration to lipid metabolism warrants further study as a potential biomarker and target for therapy in patients with KRAS-mutated lung cancer.
Sedierung für Bronchoskopie: Optimal dosierte HFNC-Oxygenierung kann Desaturationen verhindern
Authors: Hagmeyer Lars
Published: August 2024

Obwohl die Anwendung einer High-Flow-Nasenkanüle (HFNC) derzeit empfohlen wird, um während der Sedierung bei einer Bronchoskopie eine Sauerstoffentsättigung zu verhindern, besteht noch kein Konsens über die optimale Flussrate. Ziel dieser prospektiven, randomisierten und kontrollierten Stu­die war es, die optimale Sauerstoffflussrate für die HFNC zu bestimmen, um eine Entsättigung während der Sedierung bei einer Bronchoskopie effektiv zu vermeiden. Insgesamt wurden 240 Patienten, bei denen eine Bronchoskopie geplant war, randomisiert und erhielten HFNC in Kombination mit Propofol-Sedierung (mit 100% Sauerstoff) bei einer von sechs verschiedenen Flussraten von 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 und 60 l/min, die in den Gruppen 1–6 eingeteilt wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die Häufigkeit der Entsättigung mit zunehmender Sauerstoffflussrate signifikant abnahm (42,5%, 17,5%, 15%, 10%, 2,5% bzw. 0% in den Gruppen 1–6, p < 0,0001). Die mittels Probit-Regression berechnete optimale Sauerstoffflussrate zur Vermeidung einer Entsättigung bei 95% der Patien­ten lag bei 43,20 l/min (95%-Konfidenzintervall, 36,43–55,96 l/min). Eine Erhöhung der Sauerstoffflussrate reduzierte deutlich die Notwendigkeit von Atemwegsinterventionen. Auf Basis dieser Ergebnisse wird eine HFNC-Flussrate von 50–60 l/min empfohlen, um eine Entsättigung während der Sedierung bei einer Bronchoskopie effektiv zu verhindern.
Integrative Onkologie: Welche Rolle die Pflege spielt
Authors: Witt Claudia M.
Published: August 2024

Objective: Nurses are increasingly becoming involved in integrative oncology (IO) programs. This study examined the additive effect of nurse-provided guidance for self-administered IO therapies on cancer-related fatigue and quality of life (QoL). Methods: The study was randomized and controlled, enrolling patients undergoing active oncology treatment with IO interventions for fatigue and other QoL-related outcomes. IO practitioner guidance on self-treatment with manual, relaxation, and/or traditional herbal therapies was provided to patients in both the intervention and control arms. However, patients in the intervention arms also received additional guidance on self-treatment by IO-trained palliative care nurses. All participants were assessed for fatigue and QoL at baseline and at 24-h follow-up, using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) and the Measure Yourself Concerns and Wellbeing (MYCAW) questionnaire tools. Results: Of 353 patients recruited, 187 were randomized to the intervention and 166 to the control group. Both groups had similar demographic and oncology-related characteristics. Patients in the intervention arm reported significantly greater improvement in ESAS scores for fatigue (p = 0.026) and appetite (p = 0.003) when compared to controls.
Body Image Perception and Social Support Are Important Predictors of Quality of Life in Bladder Cancer Patients after Cystectomy with Urinary Diversion
Authors: Carl Nicolas , Schmidt Leah , Büdenbender Björn , Blum Anja K. , Nientiedt Malin , Alpers Georg W. , Kriegmair Maximilian C. , Grüne Britta
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Systematic evaluations focusing on the perception of body image and social support in relation to quality of life (QoL) outcomes in patients radical cystectomy (RC) with urinary diversion (UD) are currently lacking. This study investigated the relationship between body image perception, social support, and QoL in bladder cancer patients who underwent RC with UD. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using validated general oncology tools to assess QoL in relation to newly implemented tools assessing body image perception and social support. Body image perception was assessed with the Self-Image Scale, and social support was assessed using the Illness-Specific Social Support Scale. Logistic regression models were used to analyze factors associated with QoL and body image, respectively. Results: The survey revealed a significant association of body image perception with QoL, as well as social support with body image perception. This is the first study to systematically evaluate these psychosocial factors in the context of QoL for RC patients, highlighting their critical role in patient-reported outcomes. Conclusion: Body image perception and social support are important psychosociological factors that affect QoL of bladder cancer patients post-RC. Targeted psychosocial interventions could be promising for improving QoL patients post-RC.
Phishing website detection using novel integration of BERT and XLNet with deep learning sequential models
Authors: Rao Kongara Srinivasa , Valluru Dinesh , Patnala Satishkumar , Devareddi Ravi Babu , Rama Krishna Tummalapalli Siva , Sravani Andavarapu
Published: August 2024

Phishing websites pose a significant threat to online security, necessitating robust detection mechanisms to safeguard users' sensitive information. This study explores the efficacy of various deep learning architectures for phishing website detection. Initially, traditional sequential models, including recurrent neural networks (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and gated recurrent unit (GRU), achieve accuracies of 95%, 96%, and 96.5%, respectively, on a curated dataset. Building upon these results, hybrid architectures that combine the strengths of traditional sequential models with state-of-the-art language representation models, bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) and XLNet, are investigated. Combinations such as RNN with BERT, BERT with LSTM, BERT with GRU, RNN with XLNet, XLNet with LSTM, and XLNet with GRU are evaluated. Through experimentation, accuracies of 94.5%, 96.5%, 96.1%, 95.7%, 97.4%, and 97%, respectively, are achieved, demonstrating the effectiveness of hybrid deep learning architectures in enhancing phishing detection performance. These findings contribute to advancing the state-of-the-art in cybersecurity practices and underscore the importance of leveraging diverse model types to combat online threats effectively.
Photovoltaic inverters experimentally validate power quality mitigation in electrical systems
Authors: Madake Rajendra Bhimraj , Dhanaraj Susitra
Published: August 2024

Power quality is improved by utilizing solar inverters in electrical grids and this study probes it. A combination of the solar power system with wind energy management using the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (CMOPSO) algorithm is employed in this system. Control calculations are based on Clark and reverse Clark transformations and facilitated by a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit. STATCOM helps maintain voltage levels and mitigate power quality issues. Power quality (PQ) monitoring tracks voltage variations and noise. Conversely, the study addresses challenges in integrating renewables using the multi-objective multi-verse optimization (MOMVO) algorithm. MATLAB is used for control, monitoring, and analysis. Results show voltage distortion, but the proposed method achieves 92% higher efficiency, demonstrating its effectiveness. This validates the importance of photovoltaic (PV) technology for integrating renewable energy sources.
Cost-effective circularly polarized MIMO antenna for Wi-Fi applications
Authors: Thommandru Raju , Saravanakumar Rengarasu
Published: August 2024

Antenna is a backbone of communication system, and with the advent of technology, numerous innovations have been made to advance antenna development. An antenna, functioning as a smart device, transmits and receives signals while also working as a transducer. Wireless communication requires a useful device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) is a specific type of wireless communication technology used to transmit data over the internet network. The bandwidth and signal coverage of Wi-Fi have significant limitations. Therefore, an antenna is crucial for improving signal reception to address this issue. This article presents the designing and developing of a cost-effective circularly polarized (CP) 2×2 multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna customized for Wi-Fi applications. The application of a notched circular patch antenna serves to achieve circular polarization. The radius of the circular patch is 0.26 λ, and the proposed MIMO antenna effectively showcases CP, characterized by an axial ratio (AR) of 1 dB at 5 GHz and an impressive bandwidth spanning 0.2 GHz (4.9-5.1 GHz). Additionally, the antenna is designed to achieve a high-isolation 2×2 MIMO setup, ensuring antenna isolation surpassing 20 dB. By utilizing the flame retardant (FR4) substrate, presented MIMO antenna strikes a balance between cost-effectiveness and operational efficiency for its intended application, and directional radiation patterns are well-aligned within the desired frequency range.
Development of explainable machine intelligence models for heart sound abnormality detection
Authors: Ramakrishna Jeevakala Siva , Venkateswarlu Sonagiri China , Kumar Kommu Naveen , Shreya Parikipandla
Published: August 2024

Developing explainable machine intelligence (XAI) models for heart sound abnormality detection is a crucial area of research aimed at improving the interpretability and transparency of machine learning algorithms in medical diagnostics. In this study, we propose a framework for building XAI models that can effectively detect abnormalities in heart sounds while providing interpretable explanations for their predictions. We leverage techniques such as SHapley additive exPlanations (SHAP) and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) to generate explanations for model predictions, enabling clinicians to understand the rationale behind the algorithm’s decisions. Our approach involves preprocessing heart sound data, training machine learning models, and integrating XAI techniques to enhance the interpretability of the models. We evaluate the performance of our XAI models using standard metrics and demonstrate their effectiveness in accurately detecting heart sound abnormalities while providing insightful explanations for their predictions. This research contributes to the advancement of XAI in medical applications, particularly in the domain of cardiac diagnostics, where interpretability is crucial for clinical decision-making.
Design of energy efficient and reconfigurable sample rate converter using FPGA devices
Authors: Pinjerla Swetha , Rao Surampudi Srinivasa , Reddy Puttha Chandrasekhar
Published: August 2024

The technique of sampling rate conversion is frequently employed in various fields. A discrete time-varying filter, as well as a sample skip or sample duplicate operation, are required for the most general instance of an irrational and time-variable conversion factor. A wide band of signals is employed in a communication system, especially in specific situations where data must be transferred directly. A broadband sample rate converter with changeable filter parameters is necessary in such cases. Sample rate conversion is a communication system technology that accepts a band-limited high sample rate modulated signal and uses filtering to retrieve the original message signal. In this work, an energy-efficient implementation of a reconfigurable field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) architecture for a sample rate converter is proposed. In applications such as multi-rate signal processing and the construction of channelized receivers, sample rate conversion is used. In this work, a new FPGA based design is proposed to perform multiple sample rate conversion for various data transmission protocols such as Wi-Fi, ZigBee and Bluetooth. A lowpass filter with a 2.45 GHz filter with the minimum number of taps is used to avoid the aliasing effect. Xilinx synthesis tools are used to estimate hardware resource utilization and speed analyses. XC6VCX240t-2FF484 FPGA achieves 15% hardware resource occupancy at a maximum clock speed of 133 MHz.
DoS attack detection and hill climbing based optimal forwarder selection
Authors: Radhakrishnan Palamalai , Seeni Senthil Kumar , Devi Dhamotharan Rukmani , Kanthimathi Tumuluri , Neels Ponkumar Devadhas David , Sankaran Vikram Nattamai , Murugan Subbiah
Published: August 2024

Wireless networks are becoming a more and more common form of networking and communication, with several uses in many industries. However, the rising popularity has also increased security risks, such as Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. To solve these issues, Denial of Service Attack Detection and Hill Climbing (DDHC) based optimal forwarder selection in Wireless Network. The suggested method seeks to efficiently identify DoS attacks and enhance network performance by preventing the communication hiccups brought on by such attacks. Fuzzy learning method is suggested to analyze trends and find DoS threats. The node bandwidth, connectivity, packet received rate, utilized energy and response time parameters to detect the node abnormality. This abnormality decides the node's future state and detects the DoS attacker. A fuzzy learning algorithm is proposed to detect DoS attacks, which increases attack detection accuracy and lowers false alarm rates. Using the Hill Climbing (HC) procedure, the proposed system transmits data from sender to receiver. Simulation results illustrate the DDHC mechanism increases the DoS attacker detection ratio and minimizes the false positive ratio. Furthermore, it raises the network throughput and reduces the Delay in the network
Stochastic geometry-based resource allocation scheme over cellular shotgun systems
Authors: Gomaa Ibrahim G. , Abdelaziz Amr M. , Elbayoumy Ashraf D. , Elsayed Rania A.
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a resource allocation scheme that fulfills the maximum possible aggregate rate of the capacity region by targeting the corner points of the multiple-input multiple-output multiple access channel. This corner points of the channel’s capacity region are attainable whenever each user’s transmission has minimum possible interference among other users. This work aims to investigate the non-singularity of such situations by the exploitation of users’ geographic location seeking the opportunity of getting users’ transmission spatially multiplexed. The developed model demonstrates that similar results can be achieved with partial channel state information knowledge under certain conditions throughout the operational signal to noise ratio range. The proposed resource allocation scheme is designed for a shotgun cellular system with a random distribution of users over a circular coverage area. The proposed model uses stochastic geometry to prove that when number of users grows up within the coverage area, the probability of achieving the corner points sum rate increases rapidly. The developed model was evaluated, and the results show that for a circular coverage area with a radius of 10 km, the probability of having users whose transmissions can be spatially multiplexed with minimum interference increases as the number of users grows to 300 users.
Golden jackal optimization-based clustering scheme for energy-aware vehicular ad-hoc networks
Authors: Baladhandapani Mahalakshmi , Kamal Shoaib , Kumar Chevella Anil , Balakrishnan Jegajothi , Praveena Segu , Puliyanjalil Ezudheen
Published: August 2024

Clustering in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) plays a pivotal role in enhancing the reliability and efficiency of transmission among vehicles. VANET is a dynamic and highly mobile network where vehicles form clusters to enable effective data exchange, resource allocation, and cooperative actions. Clustering algorithm, helps vehicles self-organize into clusters based on connectivity and proximity, thus improving scalability and reducing transmission overhead. This cluster enables critical applications such as traffic management, collision avoidance, and data dissemination in VANET, which contribute to more efficient and safer transportation systems. Effective clustering strategy remains an active area of research to address the unique challenges posed by the diverse and rapidly changing environments of VANET. Therefore, this article presents a golden jackal optimization-based energy aware clustering scheme (GJO-EACS) approach for VANET. The presented GJO-EACS technique uses a dynamic clustering approach which adapts to the varying network topologies and traffic conditions, intending to extend the network lifetime and improve energy utilization. The results highlight the potential of the GJO-EACS technique to contribute to the sustainable operation of VANETs, making it a valuable contribution to the field of vehicular networking and smart transportation systems.
Applying inductive logic programming to automate the function of an intelligent natural language interfaces for databases
Authors: Bais Hanane , Machkour Mustapha
Published: August 2024

One of the foundational subjects in both artificial intelligence (AI) and database technologies is natural language interfaces for databases (NLIDB). The primary goal of NLIDB is to enable users to interact with databases using natural languages such as English, Arabic, and French. While many existing NLIDBs rely on linguistic operations to meet the challenges of user’s ambiguity existing in natural language queries (NLQ), there is currently a growing emphasis on utilizing inductive logic programming (ILP) to develop natural language processing (NLP) applications. This is because ILP reduces the requirement for linguistic expertise in building NLP systems. This paper outlines a methodology for automating the construction of NLIDB. This method utilizes ILP to derive transfer rules that directly translate NLQ into a clear and unambiguous logical query, which subsequently translatable into database query languages (DQL). To acquire these rules, our system was trained within a corpus consisting of parallel examples of NLQs and their logical interpretations. The experimental results demonstrate the promise of this approach, as it enables the direct translation of all NLQs with grammatical structures similar to those already present in the trained corpus into a logical query.
Performance of dyslexia dataset for machine learning algorithms
Authors: Jincy J. , Hency Jose P. Subha
Published: August 2024

Learning disability is a condition usual amongst most populace due to poor phonological capability in humans making them impaired. One such neurological disorder is developmental dyslexia, a lack of reading and writing skills leading to difficulty in school education. The essential causes of developmental dyslexia are the consumption of more drug treatments during pregnancy, the over-the-counter purchase of medicines for minor ailments without the recommendation of physicians, and uncared-for head accidents during early life. The occurrence of this trouble is acute in India. Attempts were made by many to detect dyslexic children to reduce the intensity of this hassle. In this proposed effort, machine learning is used to locate significant styles characterizing people using EEG samples. A dataset is used for examination of developmental dyslexia, and classification is done using K nearest neighbor (KNN), decision tree, linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and support vector machine (SVM) to evaluate the performance. This piece of research work is done on MATLAB to provide results on simulation with classification accuracy of 90.76% for SVM, sensitivity of 89% for SVM, and LDA with 91.89% specificity for SVM providing optimum yield.
Semiótica, crime e castigo: uma análise entre Semiótica do Direito, Semiótica dos Objetos e Semiótica da Marca
Authors: Bittar Eduardo Carlos Bianca
Published: August 2024

Este artigo desenvolve, na perspectiva da semiótica francesa, uma análise do discurso da investigação criminal, em meio às práticas do discurso jurídico, esta que pode ser vista como uma modalidade de discurso híbrido, que se vale de saberes jurídicos, médicos e técnicos, se manifestando de forma enunciada como um discurso técnico e burocrático. No percurso de desvendar o crime, o discurso da investigação criminal opera com os vestígios (vestiges) do crime, e, com isso, converte signos indiciários (indices) em provas processuais (preuves) operando a conversão do que é segredo (secret) em verdade (vérité), num processo de desocultação do criminoso. Em seu interior, a Semiótica da Marca se soma à Semiótica dos Objetos, estando ambas a contribuir com as tarefas da Semiótica do Direito.
Testemunho de um “homem africano”. Reflexões sobre um relato anônimo da batalha de Alcácer Quibir.
Authors: Rodrigues Bruno Romano
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes an anonymous report of the battle of Alcácer Quibir (1578), entitled Jornada de África del Rey D. Sebastião written by an African man, which covers the period between 1578 and 1595. In the light of the political context of the Iberian Union (1580-1640), when Portugal was part of the Hispanic monarchy, it was concluded that the work was written to legitimize Philip II as heir of the Portuguese crown, after the death of D. Henrique. Therefore, the unknown author elaborated pejorative interpretations of D. Antonio, the main opponent of the Castilian king, and of D. Sebastião, considered responsible for the Portuguese defeat in Morocco.
an African man, which covers the period between 1578 and 1595. In the light of the political context of the Iberian Union (1580-1640), when Portugal was part of the Hispanic monarchy, it was concluded that the work was written to legitimize Philip II as heir of the Portuguese crown, after the death of D. Henrique. Therefore, the unknown author elaborated pejorative representations of D. Antonio, the main opponent of the Castilian king, and of D. Sebastião, considered responsible for the Portuguese defeat in Morocco.
Reflexões sobre um necessário reencantamento da hospitalidade
Authors: Guatelli Igor , Younès Christiane Gaillard
Published: August 2024

Invocaciones nacionalistas, desencanto democrático, creación generalizada de áreas de exclusión deshumanizante, poblaciones excluidas incluso dentro de sus territorios, conflictos interraciales, interculturales y religiosos, vistos al mismo tiempo como avatares de civilidad. El mundo actual exige volver a mirar la hospitalidad, una hospitalidad por venir, desconocida, innombrable, que ciertamente requerirá un ejercicio de reposicionamiento y desplazamiento del concepto de sujeto, de ciudadanía, de humanidad, de política, de justicia, de fronteras, dentro y fuera. Pero, para este ejercicio de devenir-hospitalidad, será necesario que miremos hacia atrás para [re]pensar el presente y el futuro. Para ello, filósofos que se dedicaron a teorizar sobre la ciudadanía, el derecho del otro a existir, la idea de justicia a partir de la llegada del otro, con el otro, pensadores como Kant, Lévinas, Ricoeur, Arendt, Derrida, Rancière y otros fueron convocados para ayudarnos en esta tarea de pensar en un [im]posible reencantamiento de una hospitalidad que los gobiernos no dejan de cuestionar cuestionando sus límites y su virtud.
La traviata: os desafios interpretativos de uma produção operística no Brasil do Século XXI
Authors: Camargo Luciano de Freitas , García Vázquez Rodolfo
Published: August 2024

Este artigo apresenta resultados aplicados da pesquisa de pós-doutorado realizada na área de performance musical, especificamente no campo da interpretação operística, no contexto de uma produção da ópera La traviata de Giuseppe Verdi realizada em agosto de 2023 na cidade de São Paulo. Este estudo abordará elementos relativos à regência de ópera e suas especificidades técnicas, bem como questões interpretativas de direção artística, incluindo a concepção geral do espetáculo e o trabalho conjunto com a equipe de criação, que inclui o diretor cênico, cenografia, figurinos e iluminação, discutindo de forma detalhada as decisões e opções interpretativas – musicais e cênicas – que envolvem a produção de uma ópera escrita no século XIX nos dias atuais.
“Valsas pra Banda Passar”: breve estudo sobre processos criativos em arranjos e composições para Agrupamentos Populares.
Authors: Tiné Paulo José de Siqueira
Published: August 2024

Este artículo presenta un recorte de los resultados obtenidos en la producción de proyectos recientes de Investigación Artística del autor: Procesos Creativos en Arreglos y Composiciones para Big Band (XXXXX 2012-2013) y Procesos Creativos en Arreglos y Composiciones para Jazz Band/Orquesta Típica (XXXXXX 2014-2016), así como el consecuente registro en CD (Xxxxx Xxxx & Xxxxxxxx Xxxxxxxxxx) lanzado en 2018. La relación entre estas dos formaciones se da desde una perspectiva de tensión entre un ideario de brasilidad y, a partir de una formación estándar (Banda), elementos musicales se infiltran en el género de la valsa. Específicamente, se abordará el género para las formaciones mencionadas, tomando como punto de partida las consideraciones extraídas de la versión de “Tenra Saudade” (o “Por Um Beijo” de Anacleto de Medeiros) para la Banda da Casa Edson: análisis y contexto del tema “Bebel”, así como la descripción de un arreglo para Big Band; también se explorará el contexto del tema “Valsa Brasileira” de Edu Lobo & Chico Buarque y la descripción de la elaboración de un arreglo para la formación de una Orquesta Típica. Por último, se describirá la composición de un tema del mismo género (“Valsa Moura”) para el conjunto de la Orquesta Típica reducida al formato de Ensemble. A partir de estos análisis, se plantearán una serie de consideraciones basadas en los datos recopilados durante las descripciones y análisis de los procesos artísticos involucrados.
Effect of Dapagliflozin on Accelerometer-Based Measures of Physical Activity in Patients With Heart Failure: An Analysis of the DETERMINE Trials
Authors: Docherty Kieran F. , Buendia Lopez Ruben , Folkvaljon Folke , de Boer Rudolf A. , Cowie Martin R. , Hammarstedt Ann , Kitzman Dalane W. , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Langkilde Anna Maria , Reicher Barry , Senni Michele , Shah Sanjiv J. , Verma Subodh , Solomon Scott D. , McMurray John J.V.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Wearable accelerometers can quantify the frequency and intensity of physical activity during everyday life and may provide complementary data to established functional outcome measures on the effect of heart failure therapies on functional limitations.

METHODS:

In a voluntary substudy of the DETERMINE trials (Dapagliflozin Effect on Exercise Capacity Using a 6-Minute Walk Test in Patients With Heart Failure), patients wore a waist-worn triaxial accelerometer for as long as possible (ideally for 24 h/d for 7 days) at 3 points during the trial, between the screening visit and randomization (baseline data), and during weeks 8 and 14 to 16. Accelerometer outcomes included the change from baseline to week 16 in the total number of steps, time spent in light-to-vigorous physical activity, time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, movement intensity during walking, number of vector magnitude units‚ and total activity counts.

RESULTS:

Adequate baseline and week 16 accelerometer data were available for 211 of 817 (26%) randomized patients (defined as ≥10 hours of wear time for ≥3 days). Dapagliflozin had a favorable effect on the mean change from baseline at 16 weeks in the number of steps (between-group difference, 778 [95% CI, 240–1315]), time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (0.16 [95% CI, 0.03–0.29] hours), and in the mean vector magnitude units (25 [95% CI, 0.1–49] counts per minute). There were no between-group differences in the other accelerometer outcomes of interest.

CONCLUSIONS:

In this exploratory analysis of the DETERMINE trials, dapagliflozin had a beneficial effect on selected accelerometer-based measures of physical activity in patients with heart failure across the entire left ventricular ejection fraction spectrum, yet did not improve 6-minute walk distance, as previously reported. These data suggest that accelerometer-based measurements of everyday activity may provide complementary information to 6-minute walk distance and identify beneficial effects of treatment not detected by 6-minute walk distance.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifiers: NCT03877237 and NCT03877224.
Impact of Physical Activity in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Undergoing Catheter Ablation: The Multicenter Randomized BE-ACTION Trial
Authors: Seifert Martin , Meretz Daniel , Haase-Fielitz Anja , Georgi Christian , Bannehr Marwin , Moeller Viviane , Janßen Gerhard , Bramlage Peter , Minden Hans Heinrich , Grosse-Meininghaus Dirk , Butter Christian
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND:

Arrhythmia recurrence after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is common. We conducted a multicenter, randomized trial to determine the impact of increased physical activity on atrial fibrillation recurrence after PVI.

METHODS:

From 2018 to 2020, we randomly assigned 200 patients with atrial fibrillation to the ACTION or NO-ACTION group in 4 different centers in the local country of Brandenburg, Germany. Patients were eligible if they were scheduled to undergo PVI, aged ≥50 to ≤77 years, body mass index ≥23 to ≤35 kg/m
2
, and accepted wearing an activity tracker allowing 24-hour activity monitoring via mobile app. Patients in the ACTION group were actively remote-controlled via transmitted activity data by a physiotherapist, and individual motivational interviewing call sessions were scheduled with each ACTION patient every 2 weeks. The primary end point was the composite of recurrence of any atrial arrhythmia >30 seconds, additional ablation procedure, cardioversion, and new onset of antiarrhythmic drugs earliest after 90 days after index PVI over 12 months.

RESULTS:

Overall, the median age of patients was 66 (interquartile range, 61–71) years, 33.5% were women, and 52% had persistent atrial fibrillation. The number of steps per day increased in both groups of patients from baseline to 12 months (
P
<0.001). The absolute increase in steps per day did not differ between patients in the ACTION group with +3205 steps (597–4944) compared with those in the NO-ACTION group +2423 steps (17–4284),
P
=0.325. Unadjusted intention-to-treat analysis showed no difference in the primary composite end point in the ACTION group (27.3%) versus the NO-ACTION group (32.7%),
P
=0.405.

CONCLUSIONS:

Physical activity improved in patients after PVI. The present randomized controlled trial shows that activity tracker and motivational calls to increase physical activity versus activity tracker alone did not reduce the occurrence of the primary composite end point of atrial fibrillation recurrence or the absolute increase in steps per day.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.cochranelibrary.com
; Unique identifier: DRKS00012914.
The Spaces and Places of Jewish Emancipation during the Vormärz
Authors: Meola David A.
Published: August 2024

During the revolutionary era, Jews in the new Grand Duchy of Baden were given hope that full citizenship and integration would eventually be achieved. However, not every location or space in the Grand Duchy was inclusive, as Jews were excluded from most areas in civil society and the state. The Rhein-Neckar region (including the cities of Mannheim and Heidelberg), however, proved to be a location where close contact between Jews and Christians was not only more regular, but an important facet of the developing liberal society—whether that was in the newspapers, the classroom, or bourgeois associations. These so-called ‘fraternal spaces’ shaped the individuals and were shaped by those individuals who came through them. In the case of the Rhein-Neckar region, this led to Jewish-Christian relationships that had an indelible impact on the blossoming liberal movement of the Vormärz as well as the lead-up to the 1848 revolutions.
Museum collections as untapped sources of undescribed diversity of sponge-zoantharian associations with the description of six new species of Umimayanthus (Zoantharia: Parazoanthidae) from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia
Authors: Montenegro Javier , Fromont Jane , Richards Zoe , Kise Hiroki , Gomez Oliver , Hoeksema Bert W. , Reimer James Davis
Published: August 2024

The zoantharian genus Umimayanthus consists largely of species that live in obligate symbioses with sponges. Although zoantharians have often been overlooked in field collecting campaigns and in research, sponges are usually well-collected, and many natural history museums harbor numerous sponge specimens. Thus, these sponge collections may also include previously overlooked zoantharian species. Such is the case in this research, in which we examined sponge specimens in museum collections from Western Australia and eastern Indonesia. Based on our morphological and molecular analyses, we herein describe six species of Umimayanthus new to science, and redescribe another species described over a century ago. These species can be distinguished by their sponge associations, gross polyp and colony morphology, and depth ranges. Based on these findings, it appears that the Central Indo-Pacific region of Western Australia and Indonesia can be considered a hotspot for sponge-associated zoantharian diversity. We provide a key for the identification of all formally described species in the genus, but caution that there are likely more Umimayanthus species awaiting discovery.
Children’s Metacognition and Their Second Language Acquisition: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: XU Chenyan , ZHANG Heyi
Published: August 2024

The present study aimed to examine the relationship between children’s metacognition and their later second language acquisition in implicit and explicit learning conditions, as well as the effects of time and condition on children’s metacognition and second language acquisition. Seventy Chinese children (M = 8.13 ; sd = 3.34) were followed from Year 2 to Year 3 at primary school. Children in Group 1 were in the Explicit Learning Condition, while children in Group 2 were in the Implicit and Explicit Learning Condition. A range of tasks were used to assess children’s metacognition and second language acquisition. Children’s implicit metacognitive skills and explicit metacognitive knowledge had significant predictive roles in their later second language acquisition. Children in Group 2 had higher levels of improvement in later implicit and explicit metacognition as well as in implicit and explicit second language acquisition than their counterparts in Group 1.
An Effective Water Depth Correction for Pressure-Based Wave Statistics on Rough Bathymetry
Authors: Marques Olavo B. , Feddersen Falk , MacMahan James
Published: August 2024

Near-bottom pressure sensors are widely used to measure surface gravity waves. Pressure spectra are usually converted to sea surface elevation spectra with a linear-theory transfer function assuming constant depth. This methodology has been validated over smooth sandy beaches but not over complex bathymetry of coral or rocky environments. Bottom-mounted pressure sensors collocated with wave buoys in 10–13-m water depth from a 5-week rocky shoreline experiment are used to quantify the error of pressure-based surface gravity wave statistics and develop correction methods. The rough bathymetry has O(1) m vertical variability on O(1–10) m horizontal scales, much shorter than the 90–40-m wavelength of sea band (0.1–0.2 Hz). For sensor stability, pressure sensors were deployed by divers in bathymetric lows. When using the local depth measured by the pressure sensor, significant wave height squared overestimates the direct wave buoy measurements (up to 21%) in the sea band. An effective depth hypothesis is proposed where a spatially averaged water depth provides more accurate wave height statistics than the local depth at the pressure sensor. An optimal depth correction, estimated by minimizing the wave height error, varies from 0.1 to 1.6 m. A bathymetry averaging scale of 13 m is found by minimizing the median bathymetry deviation relative to the optimal. The optimal and averaged bathymetry depth corrections are similar across locations and, using linear theory, significantly reduce wave statistical errors. Therefore, pressure-based wave measurements require a correction that depends on the spatially averaged bathymetry around the instrument. The larger errors when using the local depth suggest that approximately linear surface waves are not strongly modified by abrupt depth changes over O(1) m horizontal scales.

Significance Statement

The measurement of surface waves by bottom-mounted pressure sensors relies on wave theory formally derived for constant depth. We show that the constant depth assumption leads to systematic errors in wave statistics from observations over a rough, rocky bottom. By considering a spatially averaged bathymetry instead of the local water depth at the pressure sensor, the accuracy of wave energy density is improved, and upper-bound biases decay from 20% to 10%.
Dislocation as Graced Opportunity: Theology for a Synodal Church
Authors: Lennan Richard
Published: August 2024

Large-scale and widespread social and ecclesial upheaval results in the experience of “dislocation,” a feeling of homelessness flowing from the loss of certainty and stability. This article considers how dislocation might provide an opening to creativity and hope, especially in the life of the ecclesial community. Synodality can be an instance of such creativity and hope, even though, paradoxically, synodality itself can be a catalyst for dislocation. To make its case for synodality, the article highlights the church’s eschatological orientation, its graced pilgrimage of faith.
Volunteering and Risk of Heart Attack in Later Life: The Moderating Role of Purpose in Life?
Authors: Bell Mallory J. , Ferraro Kenneth F.
Published: August 2024

Objectives: We investigate whether volunteering is associated with a reduced risk of first heart attack in later life and whether purpose in life moderates this relationship. Methods: Cox proportional hazards were used to examine seven waves of data (2006–2018) from the Health and Retirement Study–a nationally representative survey of adults 50 years and older ( N = 5,079). Results: Volunteering a moderate number of hours was associated with a 46% lower risk of heart attack compared to non-volunteers. The association between high time-commitment volunteering and heart attack risk was contingent on level of purpose in life: compared to non-volunteers, people with high purpose in life who volunteered 100 + hours had the lowest risk of heart attack. Discussion: Meaningful volunteer activities may be one way for older adults to reduce their risk of heart attack.
A randomized controlled study to evaluate the safety and feasibility of concomitant transluminal injection of foam sclerosant combined with endovenous laser ablation in patients with incompetent small saphenous veins
Authors: Watanabe Satoshi , Okamura Atsunori , Iwamoto Mutsumi , Sumiyoshi Akinori , Tanaka Kota , Watanabe Heitaro , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Iwakura Katsuomi
Published: August 2024

Objectives

To compare foam sclerotherapy through the access sheath (transluminal foam sclerotherapy [TLFS]) combined with endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) with EVLA alone in terms of safety and one-year venous clinical severity score (VCSS) changes in patients with small saphenous vein incompetence.

Methods

During EVLA, the sheath tip was placed around the targeted tributary vein, and the sclerosant was injected via the side port. Outcomes assessed at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 1 year included VCSS changes, residual or recurrent reflux, the need for secondary interventions, and other related complications.

Results

The change in VCSS did not reach the minimum clinically important difference. Otherwise, TLFS reduced residual or recurrent reflux of the tributary using the TLFS (3/74 legs) compared with the EVLA alone (12/77 legs) ( p = .027).

Conclusions

TLFS is a safe and feasible procedure that reduces residual or recurrent reflux of the tributary vein compared with truncal EVLA alone.
Examining Links Between Motivations for Social Withdrawal, Time Spent Alone, and Indices of Internalizing Problems in Childhood and Early Adolescence
Authors: Sette Stefania , Brunetti Matilde , Pecora Giulia , Laghi Fiorenzo , Longobardi Emiddia , Coplan Robert J.
Published: August 2024

This study investigated links between motivations for social withdrawal, time spent alone, and indices of internalizing difficulties. Participants were 169 ( n = 96 girls) children and early adolescents aged 8–14 years ( M age = 10.82, SD = 1.78). Children completed self-report measures of motivations for social withdrawal (shyness, unsociability), time spent alone, and indices of internalizing difficulties (social anxiety, depression, loneliness), whereas parents provided a broader rating of children’s internalizing symptoms. Among the results, at higher levels of shyness, time spent alone was positively related to social anxiety, but this association was attenuated at lower levels of shyness. Higher levels of unsociability weakened the positive association between time spent alone and loneliness. Time alone was more strongly related to depression for early adolescents. These findings highlight the differential implications of solitude for shy children and early adolescents, who might experience more discomfort and anxiety compared to their more unsociable counterparts.
Five Key Concepts for Human Inquiry Into Plant Lifeworlds
Authors: Kawa Nicholas C.
Published: August 2024

What can humans learn from plants in this time of widely perceived ecological disruption? And how can concepts drawn from ethnobotanical and ethnobiological inquiry help to guide understanding of interspecies relations in this historical moment? This essay departs from these basic questions by centering five key concepts derived from contemporary social theory for examining human understanding of plant lifeworlds: translation, equivocation, refusal, animacy, and agency. In doing so, it makes the case for how these concepts can invite ethnobiologists and ethnobotanists to question what we think we know about human–plant relations and the broader worlds that we collectively constitute.
Sequentialized Samson: Five postwar (1949–1956) comic retellings of the Judges’’ tale
Authors: Cason Thomas Scott
Published: August 2024

This essay examines comic book adaptations of the biblical story of Samson within the socio-political context of post-World War II and Cold War America. Challenging the notion that religious narratives in comics are inherently conservative, this study employs a history of interpretation approach to analyze five different adaptations, each illuminating the era’s complex cultural landscape. Themes such as distrust, binary morality, the value of duty over individualism, defiant autonomy, and nuanced masculinity are explored, revealing how these comics were not merely religious retellings but cultural artifacts shaped by the broader societal concerns of the late 1940s and 1950s. The paper argues that comic creators were acutely influenced by Cold War-era ideologies and anxieties, thus adapting the Samson narrative to address contemporary challenges. The essay contributes to the understanding of comics as both interpretive tools for ancient narratives and reflective historical documents of postwar America.