INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER PURIFICATION ADSORPTION MATERIALS BASED ON RARE-EARTH FERRITE GARNETS Sm3Fe5O12
Authors:   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), TSIDAEVA Natalia , NAKUSOV Akhsarbek ,   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), KHAIMANOV Spartak ,   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), WANG Wei ,   Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Published: February 2022

One of the main global threats in the 21st century is the pollution by industrial enterprises (dyes and heavy metals) of the world’s fresh water resources. The main danger is posed by contaminated industrial wastes, which are so loaded with industrial waste that they cannot be used in the future, as well as dumped without purification due to toxicity, aggressiveness and other negative properties. Methods of chemical oxidation, ion exchange, nanofiltration, sedimentation, flotation, etc., used for industrial wastewater treatment, are ineffective, i.e. cleaning is carried out partially or not at all. The purpose of the work is to development of new materials with high adsorption properties by changing and selecting the optimal synthesis parameters for creating filters for industrial wastewater treatment. Object of study. Industrial waste water. Research methods. Nanostructured powders based on Sm3Fe5O12, used as filters for industrial wastewater treatment, are synthesized by the hydrothermal method. The features of the surface topology, structure, shape and size of the particles of the samples are investigated by the methods of scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The chemical and phase composition of the research objects was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) phase analysis. The adsorption properties of the samples were investigated using spectrophotometry. Results and discussion. The obtained results of the research carried out make it possible to solve a number of problems arising from environmental pollution in general and the treatment of industrial wastewater, in particular, through scientifically based recommendations for the creation of powder filters as an adsorbent, which is used as nanostructured powders of samarium iron garnets. Conclusions. It was found that an empirical study of the characteristics of the topology of these materials is necessary, since the adsorption properties are associated with structural inhomogeneities. Because only with the help of the directed formation of a certain micro / nanostructure of powders can a set of characteristics be obtained in them that make them suitable for industrial use. 1. It was determined that the use of SEM and SPM methods made it possible to study the general structural features of the entire surface of objects at low magnifications, as well as to study in detail at maximum magnifications any surface area. The transition from low magnifications to maximum magnifications was carried out without additional effort. 2. The determining role of the amount of alkali NaOH used in the process of hydrothermal synthesis in influencing the structural and adsorption properties of the resulting powder is shown. It was found that with an increase in the amount of alkali, a decrease in the amount of impurity materials, such as hematite Fe2O3, is observed, as a result of which the adsorption capacity of the materials under study increases.