bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of ergonomic furniture made of wood and sub-products from
renewable forests
Authors: de Oliveira Luciana Aparecida , de Souza Amaury Paulo , Fialho Patrícia Bhering , Minette Luciano José , de Torres Fernanda Freitas Costa
Published: January 2025

The furniture ergonomic evaluation was carried out through the use of
questionnaires and forms in industries. For the ergonomic product analysis,
it was used the methodology “Object Ergonomics - Ergonomic System Technical
Reading” (design goals and management actions), and measurements of
products. The values achieved were compared with the standard dimensions,
and the compliance or non-compliance of the furniture to it was assessed. In
relation to the dimensions of the bed, the following variables did not
comply with the norms: external and internal length, external and internal
width, height and width of the sidebar and distance to the floor. The
dimensions of these variables were above the recommended values. The double
bed was inadequate for management actions and maintenance. Since the kitchen
cabinet is a product that went through physical testing and follows national
standards; the finish used is powder coating. The kitchen cabinet proved to
be appropriate in all design requirements and for management actions. Both
furniture pieces were inadequate, considering the difficulty for maintenance
when a product or part of it was damaged. It was recommended the creation of
regulatory standards for the production of safe and comfortable furniture.
WeAudit: Scaffolding User Auditors and AI Practitioners in Auditing Generative AI
Authors: Deng Wesley Hanwen , Wang Claire , Han Howard Ziyu , Hong Jason I. , Holstein Kenneth , Eslami Motahhare
Published: January 2025

There has been growing interest from both practitioners and researchers in engaging end users in AI auditing, to draw upon users’ unique knowledge and lived experiences. However, we know little about how to effectively scaffold end users in auditing in ways that can generate actionable insights for AI practitioners. Through formative studies with both users and AI practitioners, we first identified a set of design goals to support user-engaged AI auditing. We then developed _WeAudit_, a workflow and system that supports end users in auditing AI both individually and collectively. We evaluated _WeAudit_ through a three-week user study with user auditors and interviews with industry Generative AI practitioners. Our findings offer insights into how _WeAudit_ supports users in noticing and reflecting upon potential AI harms and in articulating their findings in ways that industry practitioners can act upon. Based on our observations and feedback from both users and practitioners, we identify several opportunities to better support user engagement in AI auditing processes. We discuss implications for future research to support effective and responsible user engagement in AI auditing.
The Discoveries of Clinical Trials for Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) for Distal Tibia Fractures
Authors: Ponnada Rajesh
Published: January 2025

Background: Distal tibia fractures, commonly resulting from high-energy trauma, present significant challenges in orthopedic surgery due to their location near the ankle joint and the risk of complications such as nonunion and infection. Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) has emerged as a favored technique for managing these fractures, offering the benefits of reduced soft tissue damage and improved fracture healing.
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing MIPO for distal tibia fractures and identify factors influencing the success of this surgical technique.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 100 patients with distal tibia fractures treated using MIPO. Data were collected on patient demographics, fracture characteristics, surgical details, postoperative complications, and functional recovery. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: The mean time to radiographic union was 16.8 weeks, with 90% of fractures healing within 20 weeks. Nonunion occurred in 4% of cases, and delayed union in 6%. Postoperative complications included superficial infections (8%), deep infections (2%), and hardware failure (3%). By the 6-month follow-up, 88% of patients achieved full weight-bearing status. Age and high-energy trauma were significant predictors of delayed union (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: MIPO is an effective technique for the management of distal tibia fractures, offering favorable healing and functional outcomes with minimal complications. However, older patients and those with high-energy trauma may require additional care to mitigate risks of delayed union.
Recommendations: Future research should focus on optimizing patient selection and refining surgical techniques to further reduce complications. Long-term studies are also recommended to assess the durability of MIPO in managing distal tibia fractures.
Keywords:  Distal tibia fractures, Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis, MIPO, fracture healing, orthopedic surgery
ESSE PERSONAGEM É SURDO? LEITURAS SUBJETIVAS DE LIVROS ILUSTRADOS SEM PALAVRAS FEITAS POR SURDOS UNIVERSITÁRIOS
Authors: Alexandre Leila Rachel Barbosa , Ferreira Deuselania de Sousa , Carneiro Luann da Costa Silva
Published: January 2025

O presente trabalho busca analisar as experiências de leitura subjetiva de alunos surdos universitários em práticas de mediação de leitura de livros ilustrados sem palavras. Como suporte teórico, contamos principalmente com Arizpe (2013) e Bértolo (2014), para tratarmos de camadas e caminhos de leitura, e apresentamos exemplos de leitura subjetiva de três livros: “O Menino-Vazio”, “Cena de Rua” e “A Chegada”. Durante a mediação, houve a identificação dos personagens principais como surdos, dentre outras leituras realizadas a partir de experiências individuais, mesmo que não houvesse nenhuma indicação de que esses personagens fossem surdos de fato ou que foram pensados por seus autores dessa forma quando estavam sendo construídos.
ПОДАТКОВА ПОЛІТИКА ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ДОТРИМАННЯ ФІСКАЛЬНИХ ІНТЕРЕСІВ ДЕРЖАВИ У КОНТЕКСТІ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Слободяник Анна , Могилевська Ольга , Павловський Сергій , Лисий Вадим , Циганій Віталій
Published: January 2025

У статті досліджено особливостей податкової політики як інструменту дотримання фіскальних інтересів держави у контексті соціально-економічних процесів в Україні. Авторами доведено, що фіскальна політика є важливим інструментом для забезпечення економічної стабільності держави, який включає податкові та бюджетні механізми. У цьому контексті податкова політика стає одним із основних засобів впливу на економічний розвиток і соціально-економічні процеси, сприяючи досягненню оптимального балансу між фінансовими потребами держави і витратами на соціально-економічний розвиток. Одним із основних завдань податкової політики є забезпечення необхідних доходів для фінансування суспільних потреб, таких як освіта, охорона здоров’я, інфраструктура та соціальний захист. Однак важливою проблемою є те, що сучасна податкова система в Україні орієнтована більше на покриття бюджетного дефіциту, що веде до надмірного податкового тиску на підприємства. Це ускладнює ведення бізнесу і знижує інвестиційну привабливість країни. Реформа податкової системи повинна забезпечити відповідність міжнародним стандартам, зберігаючи при цьому традиції національної системи. Важливою складовою цієї реформи є створення прозорих механізмів збору податків, а також встановлення оптимальних податкових ставок, які б не гальмували розвиток підприємництва та стимулювали інвестиції. Крім того, важливим є досягнення ефективної податкової дисципліни та забезпечення адекватного контролю за виконанням податкових зобов'язань. Податкове законодавство має бути стабільним і зрозумілим, що дозволить зменшити рівень корупції та покращити бізнес-клімат. Загалом, ефективність податкової політики та її здатність стимулювати економічний розвиток залежать від здатності уряду знайти баланс між фіскальними потребами держави та розвитком соціально-економічних відносин у країні.
ЗМІНИ ГОРМОНАЛЬНОГО СТАТУСУ У ХВОРИХ ВІБРАЦІЙНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ ТА ГІПЕРТОНІЧНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ
Authors: Сухонос Наталія
Published: January 2025

Виробнича вібрація є хронічним фактором стресу, що впливає на функціонування та перебудову гормональних систем. Тривалий вплив гормонів, залучених у процес адаптаційної реакції, може призводити до серйозних порушень обміну ліпідів, вуглеводів і електролітів, що, своєю чергою, підвищує ризик розвитку серцево-судинних захворювань. Метою проведеного дослідження було визначення гормональної складової імунітету (мелатонін, окситоцин) у пацієнтів із вібраційною хворобою, яка супроводжується гіпертонією. У дослідженні взяли участь 107 пацієнтів із діагнозом вібраційної хвороби І та ІІ ступеня, з яких у 60 осіб хвороба поєднувалася з гіпертонією. Отримані результати свідчать про розвиток вторинного дисрегуляторного стану імунної системи у пацієнтів із комбінованим перебігом вібраційної та гіпертонічної хвороб. Це підтверджується зниженням активності мелатоніну на 35% та підвищенням рівня окситоцину порівняно з групою пацієнтів із ізольованою вібраційною хворобою.
Delito de Perjurio en México
Authors: García Barrios Manuel Fernando
Published: January 2025

Los delitos de perjurio y falso testimonio son frecuentemente confundidos en cuanto a sus características, en el delito de falso testimonio existen 3 maneras; afirmar, negar y callar. En cambio en el delito de perjurio únicamente es por 2 vías; afirmar una falsedad y negar la verdad.
La presente investigación analizará y concluirá las diferencias entre perjurio y la declaración de falsedad las cuales son realizadas por abogados, profesionistas, servidores públicos, políticos, autoridades públicas-privadas y por la sociedad en general.
El contenido de humedad y el valor de soporte en suelos cohesivos en el distrito de Independencia
Authors: Huaman Livia Alfredo , Milla Vergara Elio , Pagola Ávila Daylu
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la incidencia y relación del contenido de humedad (CH) en el valor de soporte (CBR) y la densidad del suelo cohesivo a nivel de subrasante en el barrio de Shancayán, Huaraz, Áncash, para condiciones de 12, 26 y 55 golpes por capa. A partir de estos datos, se elaboraron mapas de isolíneas de CBR utilizando las herramientas Excel y OriginPro 2019b. Se adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo, con un método deductivo, diseño experimental y corte transversal. Los instrumentos empleados fueron fichas de recolección de datos y formatos de laboratorio, mientras que las fuentes consultadas incluyeron normativas del MTC, artículos científicos, tesis y libros especializados. Los resultados obtenidos para penetraciones de 0.1” y 0.2” muestran que los valores de CBR y densidad aumentan inicialmente con el contenido de humedad, para luego disminuir a medida que el CH supera ciertos niveles. En particular, se observó que los valores de CH óptimos para obtener el máximo CBR son 13.5%, 12.5% ​​y 10.45% para condiciones de 12, 26 y 55 golpes por capa, respectivamente. Se concluye que para valores de 13.5%, 12.5% y 10.45% para 12, 26 y 55 golpes por capa respectivamente, la relación del CH con el valor de CBR, por encima del contenido de humedad óptima (CHO), es inversamente proporcional. Sucede lo contrario para la relación del CH con el valor de densidad por debajo del CHO.
Phylogenetic Signal in Shell Morphology of the Chemosymbiotic Lucinidae (Bivalvia)
Authors: Long-Fox Brooke , Anderson Laurie , Lim Shen , Campbell Barbara , Kokesh Broc , Paterson Audrey , Engel Annette
Published: January 2025

Lucinidae are the most specious family of extant chemosymbiotic bivalves and occupy a wide range of habitats worldwide. All extant lucinids examined to date house chemosynthetic endosymbionts within their gill tissues. Fossil evidence suggests a Silurian origin for the family, with chemosymbiotic associations dating back to at least the Late Jurassic. Previous systematics work indicates that shell characters contain limited phylogenetic signal, and when they do carry phylogenetic signal, it is typically at more derived, genus-level positions. Instead of using categorical states for shell characters, which are ubiquitous in morphological phylogenetics, this study uses landmark-based geometric morphometrics as a quantitative approach to capture morphological variation in shell shape. To test for phylogenetic signal in morphology using the multivariate version of the K statistic (Kmult), we analyzed 627 specimens from eight lucinid species. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were performed on a subset of 62 specimens using four sequenced genes: the nuclear ribosomal genes 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA, and the mitochondrial genes cytochrome b (cyt b) and cytochrome oxidase I (COI). This study presents the first COI phylogenetic tree for lucinids. Shell shape exhibited a strong phylogenetic signal (Kmult = 0.98), that was visualized through phylomorphospace analysis (PA), phylogenetically aligned component analysis (PACA), and phylogenetic principal component analysis (Phy-PCA). Although phylogenetic signal was present throughout the entire landmark configuration, thin-Plate Spines (TPS) of mean shell shape illustrated that the inhalant channel shape had the greatest variation among species. Therefore, the phylogenetic signal could not be contributed to any single shell feature or shape.
Combined effects of land-use- and climate-driven stressors on stream fungi and organic matter decomposition
Authors: Viza Aida , Fenoy Encarnación , Abril Meritxell , Álvarez-Cabria Mario , Arias-Real Rebeca , Arnanz Christian , Barquín José , Bruder Andreas , Calore Red , Donázar Íñigo , Fernandes Isabel , García-Meseguer Antonio , Lupon Anna , Martínez-Sanz Itxaso , Menéndez Margarita , Muñoz Isabel , Pascoal Cláudia , Tomás-Martín Marina , Gutiérrez-Cánovas Cayetano
Published: January 2025

1. Freshwater microbial communities are essential for maintaining ecosystem functions and services, with aquatic fungi playing a particularly critical role in decomposing terrestrial organic matter entering streams and converting it into energy and nutrients that sustain higher trophic levels. However, freshwater ecosystems face growing threats from multiple stressors. The combined effects of these stressors on fungal biodiversity and functioning in streams remain poorly understood. This study examines the joint effects of land-use and climate-driven stressors on fungal biodiversity and two key functions—fungal biomass accrual and organic matter decomposition—across two stream compartments: the water column and streambed sediments. 2. We conducted an extensive two-year survey across 62 Iberian stream sites in southwestern Europe. To assess stressor impacts, we analysed responses from both the water column and streambed sediments, examining compartment-specific differences. Models were developed to evaluate six stressor types - organic matter and inorganic nutrient enrichment, oxygen depletion, thermal stress, drying stress and riparian degradation- and hydrology. Fungal responses were evaluated across multiple biodiversity dimensions, including taxonomic diversity, functional diversity, and community composition. 3. Results revealed that organic matter enrichment positively influenced fungal biodiversity and functioning, while thermal and drying stresses, along with riparian degradation, had significant negative effects. Stressor effects were predominantly additive, with limited interactions observed. Inorganic nutrient enrichment showed weak effects, likely reflecting minimal nutrient limitation in Iberian streams. Differences between stream compartments emerged, with streambed sediments buffering the negative impacts of thermal and drying stresses on fungal biodiversity and functions. 4. Our findings underscore the influence of multiple stressors on fungal biodiversity and functioning, which are expected to intensify under climate change. The predominance of additive stressor effects suggests that individual stressors can be targeted independently, simplifying management strategies. The buffering role of streambed sediments highlights their importance in providing resilience against global stressors, particularly thermal and drying stresses. 5. This study emphasises the urgent need to safeguard conditions that support fungal biodiversity and ecosystem functions in streams to ensure the continued provision of vital ecosystem services in the face of global change.
Incorporating responses of functional traits to changing climates into species distribution models: A path forward
Authors: Peng Shijia , Ellison Aaron , Davis Charles
Published: January 2025

Conventional species distribution models (SDMs) typically consider only abiotic factors, thus overlooking critical biotic dimensions, including functional traits that play an important role determining species’ distributions in changing environments. Process-based models explicitly incorporate functional traits and have been applied to SDMs. However, their parameterization can be complex and require data that are unavailable for most species. Recently developed hierarchical trait-based models use widely available data and facilitate the incorporation of traits into SDMs at broad temporal, spatial, and taxonomic scales. Despite their promise, however, existing hierarchical trait-based models fail to accommodate changing trait spaces under different climate conditions. Here, we provide a new, simplified framework for hierarchical trait-based SDMs that integrate individuals’ trait responses into forecasts of species range shifts in response to ongoing climate changes. We further discuss the utility of phylogenetic information for building trait-based SDMs and holistically enhancing our understanding of species responses to global changes. This work will contribute to an improved understanding of how traits affect species distributions along environmental and temporal gradients and facilitate the application of trait-based SDMs across large temporal, spatial and taxonomic scales.
Prevalence of Leaf Parasitism by Insects and Fungi in Wild Plant Communities: Implications for Community Assembly
Authors: Wang Xi , Hiratsuka Kazuyuki , Koike Fumito
Published: January 2025

Parasitism by infectious diseases and insect pests significantly shapes wild plant communities by stabilizing them through suppressing dominant species and destabilizing them by suppressing minor species. However, the dynamics of parasitism in wild ecosystems remain understudied. This study aimed to determine whether parasites infect a wide range of host species or are plant-specific, assess the stabilizing and destabilizing effects of parasitism on plant community structure, and determine the influence of environmental and seasonal factors on parasitism. Methods: We conducted field surveys in herbaceous plant communities within a 1 km² area in the Tokyo metropolitan region, focusing on fungal diseases (rust-like and powdery mildew-like symptoms) and leaf-eating insect pests. Using zero-inflated binomial regression, we evaluated the symptom prevalence and intensity of parasitism across species, seasons, and environmental variables. Results: The results indicated that a few plant species were highly susceptible to parasitism, with rust-like infections tending to predominantly affect dominant species and leaf-eating insects targeting minor species. Conclusion: These findings highlight the contrasting roles of parasites in stabilizing and destabilizing plant communities and that both environmental and seasonal factors influence parasitism similar to cultivated ecosystems.
Leveraging LSTM Predictions for Enhanced Portfolio Allocation with Markowitz Mean-Variance Optimization
Authors: Sahid Irfanda Husni , Budi Indra
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the application of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks for predicting expected returns and integrating these predictions into the Markowitz Mean-Variance Optimization (MVO) framework. The study utilized historical data from eight Indonesian stocks: BBCA, BBRI, TLKM, EXCL, UNVR, ICBP, ASII, and SMGR. The dataset covered the period from 2018 to 2024. The LSTM model was employed to predict cumulative returns over a 90-day horizon, and its performance was compared to the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) method. The findings indicate that LSTM achieved lower Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) than EWMA for four stocks (BBCA, BBRI, UNVR, ICBP), while EWMA demonstrated better performance for the remaining four stocks. MVO results revealed that LSTM-based predictions achieved an average return of 4.285%, surpassing EWMA's 1.856% but falling short of the 12.298% obtained using actual returns. These results highlight the potential of LSTM models to enhance portfolio allocation strategies.
КРЕАТИВНІ АСПЕКТИ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ВІЙНИ: АНАЛІЗ ПСИХОЛОГІЧНИХ ОПЕРАЦІЙ СУПРОТИВНИКА
Authors: Власюк Василь
Published: January 2025

Це перша частина блоку з двох статей під спільною назвою, присвячених креативним аспектам інформаційної війни. У даній статті розглядаються психологічні особливості інформаційної війни Росії проти України, вивчаються застосовувані агресором стратегії, засоби та методи її ведення. Автор аналізує кожен з трьох визначених напрямків російських психологічних операцій, приділяючи основну увагу нестандартним креативним прийомам, задля подальшої розробки ефективних методів контрінформаційної боротьби.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ФЕНОМЕНА ПОСТТРАВМАТИЧНОГО ЗРОСТАННЯ У ЛЮДЕЙ, ЯКІ ПЕРЕЖИЛИ КРИЗУ ВТРАТИ РОБОТИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ
Authors: Данилевич Лариса , Cафін Олександр , Шулдик Анатолій
Published: January 2025

У статті представлено результати емпіричного дослідження феномена посттравматичного зростання у людей, які пережили кризу, пов'язану із втратою роботи в умовах війни. Проаналізовано теоретичні передумови феномена посттравматичного зростання у дослідженнях українських і зарубіжних авторів. Представлено перебіг дослідження та програму психологічної допомоги для людей, які переживають кризу, пов'язану із втратою роботи. Порушується питання пошуку та впровадження ефективних програм психологічної допомоги для людей, які переживають особистісну кризу. Наголошено на тенденціях проблеми дослідження феномена посттравматичного зростання особистості для людей, які пережили травматичні кризові стани різної етимології.
improving Pain mAnagement for childreN and young people attendeD by Ambulance (PANDA): protocol for a realist review.
Authors: Nicholls Georgie , Eaton Georgette , Ortega Marishona , Sumera Kacper , Baliousis Michael , Hodgson Jessica , Laparidou Despina , Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan , Leighton Paul , Redsell Sarah , Lord Bill , Bujor Tatiana , Whitley Gregory Adam
Published: January 2025

Background Each year in England, 450,000 children and young people (CYP) under 18 years of age are transported by ambulance to emergency departments. Approximately 20% of these suffer acute pain caused by illness or injury. Pain is a highly complex sensory and emotional experience. The intersection between acute pain, unwell CYP and the unpredictable pre-hospital environment is convoluted. Studies have shown that prehospital pain management in CYP is poor, with 61% of those suffering acute pain not achieving effective pain relief (abolition or reduction of pain score by 2 or more out of 10) when attended by ambulance. Consequences of poor acute pain management include altered pain perception, post-traumatic stress disorder and the development of chronic pain. This realist review will aim to understand how ambulance clinicians can provide improved prehospital acute pain management for CYP. Methods A realist review will be conducted in accordance with the Realist And Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards (RAMESES) guidance. A five-stage approach will be adopted; 1) Developing an Initial Programme Theory (IPT): develop an IPT with key stakeholder input and evidence from informal searching; 2) Searching and screening: conduct a thorough search of relevant research databases and other literature sources and perform screening in duplicate; 3) Relevance and rigour assessment: assess documents for relevance and rigour in duplicate; 4) Extracting and organising data: code relevant data into conceptual “buckets” using qualitative data analysis software; and 5) Synthesis and Programme Theory (PT) refinement: utilise a realist logic of analysis to generate context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOCs) within and across conceptual “buckets”, test and refine the IPT into a realist PT. Conclusion The realist PT will enhance our understanding of what works best to improve acute prehospital pain management in CYP, which will then be tested and refined within a realist evaluation. Registration PROSPERO Registration: CRD42024505978
Crude Oil Desulfurization by Polystyrene/Graphene Nanocomposite Membranes
Authors: Oleiwi Ahmed H. , Jabur Akram R. , Alsalhy Qusay F. , Zeinedini Afshin
Published: January 2025

The main aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the desulfurization of the polystyrene nanofibers. Hence, different loadings of GNP, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 wt.% GNP was incorporated into the polystyrene nanofibers using electrospinning technique. Several characteristics of the electrospun membranes were investigated. The obtained field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images confirmed the formation of uniform fibers and proper distribution of the particles in the electrospun structures. In addition, thinner fibers with smaller pore sizes were formed by addition of the GNPs into the nanofibrous mats. Moreover, the hydrophobic behavior reduced by increment of GNP content in the polystyrene nanofibers. Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) confirmed the interaction of the polymer chains with the loaded filler particles. Furthermore, introduction of the GNP nanofillers in the decrease of the crude oil sulfur content from 2.8% to 2.6% via addition of 0.5 wt.% of GNPs into the as-spun fibers. Further reduction of the sulfur content (to 1.8%) was also obtained by embedding 2 wt.% of GNPs. Overall, the obtained data manifested that the electrospinning composite membranes are good candidate material for removing sulfur from crude oil.
The impact of improving the safety management system on situational awareness in the context of safety: a case of a selected high-reliability organization
Authors: Ewertowski Tomasz , Kowalska Agata
Published: January 2025

In the aviation sector, maintaining a high level of safety is one of its main objectives. That is why these types of organizations are recognized as High Reliability Organizations (HROs). This paper aimed to identify and understand the relationship between the quality of the Safety Management System (SMS), and situational awareness (SA) allowing organizational members to perceive, comprehend, and respond to safety-related situations promptly and accurately. Based on a literature review, the authors present adopted concepts of the SMS and SA. The survey methodology involved document research, and a questionnaire on the SMS and SA, which consisted of 11 questions. The survey was conducted in the Approved Training Organization (ATO) in the Greater Poland voivodeship. The research considered two periods before and after the introduction of improvements in the SMS. The research indicated a relationship between improvements in the SMS and better SA of the HRO in the context of safety. The development of the SMS in the HRO was significant. The implementation of new SMS elements has undoubtedly contributed to an increase in safety levels and situational awareness within the HRO. A noticeable surge of incidents reported through the incident reporting system can be observed. This is confirmed by the opinions of the respondents. Additionally, students showed a more critical approach to safety than instructors, which may be due to insufficient safety culture education.
New Mathematical Rules and Methods for the Strong Conjecture of Goldbach to be Verified
Authors:   Independent researcher. Nantes. Loire Atlantique. France, Bahbouhi Bouchaib
Published: January 2025

This article emphasizes the most fundamental rules to verify Goldbach's strong conjecture that an even number is the
sum of two primes. One rule states that for an even number E to split into two primes there must be two equidistant
prime numbers p and p' such that E/2 - p = p' - E/2. The strong conjecture also applies to biprime numbers that are
x2 – y2
. Two prime numbers equidistant with respect to an integer n have a specific property of Modulo when divided by
the gap that separates them from n. The paper further proposes methods to convert even and odd numbers into sums of
two and three prime numbers by the equation M ± 1 such that M is prime or multiple of primes except 2 and 3 knowing
that there are two types of prime numbers 6x - 1 and 6x + 1. The data also show a strong correlation coefficient between
close equidisant primes indicating they are likely to happen in a regular fashion. Finally, the paper describes new rules
that explain how a prime numbers gives another one and this is where the truth of Goldbach's conjecture lies and show
congruence rules between the two additive primes. These rules allow to demonstrate how an even ends up to be a sum
of two primes and proves Goldbach's strong conjecture. This article can have new applications in computing and sheds
new lights on the Goldbach's strong and weak conjectures.
Technological aspects of growing energy crops on drained organogenic soils of the Northern Forest-Steppe
Authors: Opanasenko O. , Perets S. , Bebekh Yu. , Borysenko V.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the research results on the selection of the most productive species of perennial herbaceous crops for energy purposes in the conditions of drained organogenic (peat) soils of the Northern Forest-Steppe. The influence of technological methods of growing energy crops on their growth, development, yield, and economic efficiency was determined. The experiment was conducted on a deep (1.8–2.0 m) drained old-plowed carbonate peat bog of cattail-sedge origin with a high decomposition degree, removed from intensive cultivation in the floodplain of the Supyi River at the Panfily Experimental Station of the National Research Center «IZ NAAS», Boryspil district, Kyiv region. The soil is well supplied with mobile forms of nitrogen, has an average phosphorus supply (due to vivianite layers) and quite limited potassium content. The experiment included perennial herbaceous crops, perennial cereal grasses (5 species) and their mixtures, perennial grasses of natural hayfields, and wild grass species. The following technology was used for growing energy crops: milling of the sod (mid-August) of long-term hayfields to a depth of 10-12 cm, followed by plowing to a depth of 22-25 cm. White mustard was sown as green manure to improve the efficiency of perennial grass layer using as a predecessor of energy crops. Spring pre-sowing tillage included double disking of the area by 10-12 cm, with the application of K60 before the last disking and rolling with heavy marsh rollers. The studies have shown that the highest productivity among perennial herbaceous energy crops was provided by giant miscanthus, Jerusalem artichoke and sylphium with dry biomass yields of 27.43 t/ha, 24.07 t/ha and 22.51 t/ha, or 466.3 GJ/ha, 409.1 GJ/ha, 382.7 GJ/ha of energy respectively.
Key words: biofuel, energy crops, giant miscanthus, organogenic soils, jerusalem artichoke, sylphium, dry matter, yield.
Soil biological activity in sugar beet crops depending on various combinations of agrotechnology elements
Authors: Syromyatnikov Y. , Kuts O. , Rudyi S.
Published: January 2025

Soil biological activity in sugar beet crops was determined depending on various combinations of agrotechnology elements. Field research were conducted in two types of agrobiocenoses (grain-row crop rotation and fruit-changing crop rotation) under different fertilization systems (mineral, organic, organic-mineral). A comparison was made between the effects of two soil tillage methods for growing sugar beets (plowing to a depth of 30-35 cm with a «PLN-5-35» plow and a soil tillage loosening and separating machine «Dokuchaev» PRSM-5 to a depth of 12-15 cm without soil turnover) on soil biological activity (cellulose-decomposing capacity of the soil), root yield, and sugar harvest. The influence of different soil tillage methods for sugar beets under various fertilization systems in grain-row and crop rotation on the cellulose-decomposing capacity of the soil (in different soil layers over time), root yield, and sugar harvest was studied. Soil biological activity indicators after 60 days of cotton fabric exposure significantly depend on the sugar beet plant nutrition system and cotton fabric localization by soil layer depth. The maximum increase of soil microorganisms’ activity is observed with the mineral fertilizer system (2.3-2.7 times depending on the depth). On the 90th day of exposure high soil biological activity is provided by the organic fertilization system (an increase of 2.0-2.2 times compared to 1.1-1.5 times for other fertilization systems). On the 120th day of exposure under the mineral fertilization system soil biological activity increased by 1.6-1.7 times in the soil layers and by 1.4 times under the organic system. In grain-row crop rotation an increase in soil biological activity was noted with the «PRSM-5» stratifier. The maximum index value was observed under the organic-mineral fertilization system (76.2-86.5 % on the 120th day of exposure). In terms of the effect on sugar beet yield no significant differences in the effectiveness of the stratifier using under different fertilization systems and in different rotation types were identified.
Key words: stratifier, fertilization systems, soil tillage, crop rotation, soil cellulose-decomposing soil capacity.
Yield and grain quality of chickling vetch under biological preparations influence
Authors: Todosiychuk O.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the research results on the impact of pre-sowing seed treatment with a complex of a biopreparation and a plant growth regulator, followed by post-emergence application of the plant growth regulator, on the yield and quality of chickling vetch. The study aim was to establish the effects of the biopreparation «Bioneostim» (1.0 l/t) and the plant growth regulator «Vermistim D» (seed treatment before sowing –7.0 l/t, crops spraying – 8.0 l/ha) on the yield and quality chickling vetch, variety «Ivolga». Field experiments were conducted using the systematic method with three replicates. The experimental design included variants with seed treatment before sowing with «Bioneostim» at a rate of 1.0 l/t, separately and in combination with «Vermistim D» (7.0 l/t – seed treatment, 8.0 l/ha – foliar treatment). Сhickling vetch seeds were treated with biopreparation, the plant growth regulator, and their mixtures one day before sowing. On the background of seed treatment with «Bioneostim» and «Vermistim D» crops were sprayed with «Vermistim D» at a rate of 8.0 l/ha during the tillering phase, using 200 l/ha of the working solution. Based on the experimental data it can be concluded that pre-sowing treatment of сhickling vetch seeds with a mixture of the biopreparation «Bioneostim» (1.0 l/t) and the plant growth regulator «Vermistim D» (7.0 l/t), followed by post-emergence application of the «Vermistim D» (8.0 l/ha), promotes the activation of various biological processes in plants and soil. This leads to an increase in crop yield (a grain yield increase of 0.51 t/ha) with a 9% increase in 1000 grain weight and a 2.6% increase in protein content.
Key words: crop productivity, yield, сhickling vetch, biopreparation, plant growth regulator.
MARL: potential applications in socio-economic processes forecasting
Authors: Kuznetsova Olga
Published: January 2025

This article describes one of the methods of artificial intelligence – Multiagent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). MARL is a modern and useful instrument for analyzing and forecasting the behavior of complex systems (agents). The first part of the article discusses the methods of artificial intelligence: machine learning, reinforcement learning and MARL. Second part contains detailed information about MARL, including description, limitations and application spheres. The third part provides the example of a MARL model for socio-economic forecasting. The conclusion gives the information about MARL potential applications in socio-economic processes forecasting.
Investigation of the Pharmacological Potential of Staurogyne zeylanica Kuntze: In vitro and In vivo Studies
Authors: Bristy Rubaiyet Rahman , Mimi Sauda Sultana , Chhanda Sadia Afrin , Ali Md Hasan , Sha Rafi Md Omar , Muslim Tanvir
Published: January 2025

This research project aims to explore the medicinal properties of Staurogyne zeylanica Kuntze, a relatively underexplored plant from the Acanthaceae family. Recent studies suggest that this plant may have a diverse array of therapeutic properties. Methanol extracts of S. zeylanica Kuntze demonstrated significant analgesic effects (59.05 %) comparable to morphine, indicating its potential as a pain-relief agent. Although the extracts exhibited hyperglycemic effects, they did not result in significant reductions in blood glucose levels. Central nervous system (CNS) tests suggested mild depressant effects, pointing to possible applications in treating conditions like depression. Additionally, higher doses of the extracts showed promising anti-diarrheal activity (74.29%), significantly reducing diarrhea. The aqueous extract also exhibited notable inhibition of haemolysis (60.5%) in heat-induced condition, suggesting potential protective effects against oxidative stress or cellular damage and low thrombolytic activity (12.41%). These findings underscore the pharmacological potential of S. zeylanica Kuntze and highlight the need for further research, including clinical trials, to fully validate and expand its therapeutic applications.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 28-36, 2025 (January)
Preliminary Evaluation of Antidiarrheal, Hypoglycemic, Analgesic and Antibacterial Activities of Diospyros blancoi Barks and Leaves
Authors: Das Sreedam Chandra , Hossain Md Sabbir , Rahman Mohammad Sharifur , Islam Md Saiful
Published: January 2025

Diospyros blancoi, a member of the Ebenaceae family, has been broadly used in traditional medicine. This study was carried out to assess the antidiarrheal, hypoglycemic, analgesic and antibacterial activities of methanol extract of barks and leaves of D. blancoi. The methanolic extracts of D. blancoi barks and leaves at a dose of 400 mg/kg inhibited 29.22% (p < 0.01) and 19.13% (p < 0.05) diarrheal defecation, respectively. The methanolic extract of barks did not show significant analgesic activity in the acetic acid-induced writhing method. However, the extract of leaves exhibited notable activity with 40.88% (p < 0.001) pain-mediated writhing inhibitory effect. Both the extracts of barks and leaves demonstrated very mild antibacterial activity. In the hypoglycemic activity evaluation, both the extracts of barks and leaves significantly reduced the plasma glucose level in the experimental mice at the 2nd and 3rd hours of sample administration. The study outcomes validated the traditional applications of D. blancoi leaves and barks, as well as indicated potential medicinal benefits. More comprehensive phytochemical research on D. blancoi barks and leaves would be desirable to find bioactive substances.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 49-55, 2025 (January)
Biochemical Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility Analysis of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi Isolated from Clinical Sample
Authors: Rahman Md Tarekur , Asaduzzaman Muhammad , Das Sreedam Chandra , Islam Md Saiful , Arifuzzaman Sarder , Labu Zubair Khalid
Published: January 2025

Poor sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria to bacteria is a serious health issue worldwide specially in the developing and underdeveloped countries making greater concern to the scientists. This study followed the CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) guidelines 30, Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method to test sensitivity. We analyzed the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi isolated from clinical samples, collected from two hospitals of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The sensitivity of twelve different single antibiotics (cefepime, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin, meropenem, imipenem, amikacin, gentamicin, azithromycin, tetracycline, fosfomycin), and two combinations (piperacillin-tazobactam and amoxicillin-clavulanate) were evaluated against E. coli and S. typhi isolates. E. coli isolates showed significantly less susceptibility than S. typhi isolates to the  antibiotics tested. Three antibiotics showed significant effectiveness against E. coli isolates, (chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin). Ciprofloxacin was the least effective antibiotic to S. typhi isolates (only 20% isolates showed sensitivity). 85% E. coli isolates were MDR (Multi Drug Resistant), whereas only 5% S. typhi isolates were MDR. The highest MAR (Multiple Antibiotic Resistance) index value among E. coli isolates was 0.86, whereas highest value among S. typhi isolates was 0.21. The lowest MAR value among E. coli isolates was 0.21, whereas two S. typhi isolates had MAR value of zero (0). Almost all the single and combination antibiotics demonstrated poor sensitivity to the E. coli and S. typhi isolates. Thus, it makes infections much harder to treat and makes other medical procedures and treatment, such as surgery, caesarean sections and cancer therapy, much riskier.
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 28(1): 94-104, 2025 (January)
Professional Whats App Blast: Best practice direct digital marketing 4.0 to improve students’ religious moderation implementation
Authors: Permadi Rudi , Zaenudin Udin
Published: January 2025

There were no final literatures both national and international research concerning direct digital marketing of religious moderation using application. One of the solutions for direct digital marketing of religious moderation is using professional Whats App Blast. The study was conducted to determine the effect of professional Whats App Blast to improve the implementation of religious moderation. Mixed method acts as a method in this research. Data collection techniques using tests and interviews. The number of sample is 150 students from three campuses in West Java Province. Random sampling technique was used as a sampling technique. The calculation of data analysis shows that Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) =0.000 less than Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) <0.05 which means H0 is rejected. The results of the data analysis are reinforced by the calculation of the average value after the post test is higher than the pre test. The average student pre test is 52.53, while the average student after post test is 74.77. In addition, the author took other strength data from interviews. In conclusion, Professional Whats App Blast has a very positive contribution in improving the implementation of religious moderation of students in West Java Province. The next researcher is recommended to use other social media platforms besides Professional WA Blast and also the religious moderation information content is not limited to flyers.
How project-based collaborative learning affect on numeracy ability of elementary school teacher education students
Authors: Nuraini Ni Luh Sakinah , Cholifah Puri Selfi , Rini Titis Angga , Aurelia Davina , Nabila Silva
Published: January 2025

Based on project-based collaborative learning, this study attempts to evaluate the numeracy skills of prospective elementary education teachers. The study design is pretest-posttest control group, and the research methodology is experimental and quantitative. Purposive sampling strategies are used to create experimental and control classes.While project assignments are completed individually in the control class, they are administered in groups to the experimental class. Ten multiple-choice and yes-or-no (objective) questions are used in the pre-test and post-test results to gather information on students' numeracy proficiency. Project-based collaborative learning research findings are applied to enhance the numeracy skills of prospective elementary education teachers. The score's outcomes after acquiring the experimental class were 0.001 and The experimental class used group projects, while the control class used individual projects. The control class's pre-test and post-test collaborative learning results differed by less than 0.001.
Kajian Etnofisika Gerabah Langkat
Authors: Lumbangaol Sudirman T.P. , Marbun Juliaster , Sijabat Apriani
Published: January 2025

Etnofisika merupakan bagian dari etnosains yang mempelajari dan menyajikan keterkaitan pengetahun fisika dengan budaya. Materi gaya dan kalor merupakan materi yang kompleks dan banyak diaplikasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Namun sebagian siswa tidak menyukai mata pelajaran Fisika khususnya pada materi gaya dan kalor dikarenakan terdapat banyak persamaan fisika yang membuat siswa jenuh untuk menghafal. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya strategi menampilkan materi fisika agar nyaman dan disukai oleh siswa. Salah satunya dengan dihubungkan ke dalam budaya lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi konsep-konsep fisika yang terdapat pada pembuatan gerabah Langkat Sumatera Utara yang ditemukan oleh para peneliti. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengambilan data melalui observasi, angket dan wawancara. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis, diverifikasi, dan direduksi kemudian dikontruski ke pengetahuan ilmiah dan diintepretasikan ke konsep fisika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kajian etnofisika yang terdapat pada proses pembuatan gerabah langkat adalah pada saat pembentukan gerabah dapat dikaji konsep gaya dan gerak, elastisitas, suhu dan kalor.
How Microeconomics Works Within a Firm
Authors: Deo Prakash
Published: January 2025

While it is a widespread practice for business majors to take the microeconomics course in the early years of their college education, for most students it is followed by courses in other disciplines such as accounting, finance, and marketing. In turn, in these disciplines, the formulation of theory, models and examples involve use of nomenclature specific to that discipline such as accounting and financial performances. Sometimes the word “economic” measure does appear in these discipline specific courses. Many of these concepts and models with resulting measures though perceived to be developed in different business disciplines, they originate from or developed utilizing the micro economic theory. In this study, we plan to link together the microeconomic theory and its applications in development of concepts and models in other disciplines so that student and practitioners will be able tie in a seamless manner, and if necessary, modify these concepts to apply and solve business issues in a firm.
Exploring the Dual-Card Crisis Under the Information Asymmetry
Authors: Chang Chih-Hsiung
Published: January 2025

The article aimed to explore Taiwan’s dual-card crisis under the information asymmetry. Different from South Korea or Hong Kong, the card debts in Taiwan were derived from the credit cards and the cash cards. To achieve the goal, the article constructed the information asymmetry model combined with the adverse selections and the moral hazards. The results showed that the adverse selections and the moral hazards did exist in the dual-card market which led to the dual-card crisis. To cope with the dual-card crisis, the conclusion implied that the card debts in the dual-card market needed to be solved at the same time.