bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF GOOGLE EARTH ALTITUDE ERRORS FOR USE IN GEODESIC WORKS
Authors: Musiienko I. , Kazachenko L. , Zaharova E.
Published: July 2021

The Google Earth service is an information system with extensive functionality used in the Internet, for mobile devices and for desktop computers. The system is a "virtual globe" built on pooled photographs with the addition of spatial information provided by Alphabet Inc in the coordinate system - WGS 84 and the universal cross-section of Mercator.
In the system there is an opportunity to lay a line of a route, to receive a longitudinal profile of this line with marks and a slope. However, the question of the accuracy of spatial information remains. The answer to this question will highlight a range of engineering, geodetic and design tasks that can be solved with this service.
The article considers this problem from the analysis of height errors. The accuracy of Google Earth's spatial information can be assessed by comparing it to a geodetic reference object. As such object in this work the data of adjustment of the design documentation for construction of the highway bypassing Novy Bug (the second turn) in the Nikolaev area are taken.
In the first stage, a "reference" object has been considered, for which there are spatial data obtained by geodetic methods of a given accuracy.
In the second stage, the Google Earth system built a road route and a longitudinal profile.
At the third stage the received information was systematized and analyzed.
In this work, the accuracy of construction of the longitudinal profile by geodetic methods was reduced due to the construction of a black line of the longitudinal profile through a digital terrain model, and hence due to the standard errors of Delaunay triangulation. When using geometric leveling data, the compatibility of the two longitudinal profiles will increase. With careful preparation of the original data, you can achieve meter accuracy in height. Representation of the Earth's surface with such accuracy can be used in solving many engineering problems: variant design of linear structures, preliminary feasibility study of design solutions and more. In the future, we must to assess the horizontal errors.
ANALYSIS OF THE FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE OF ARCHITECTURAL AND URBAN PLANNING FORMATION OF SPORTS AND LEISURE COMPLEXES
Authors: Baibak D.
Published: July 2021

Nowadays there is an urgent need for Ukrainians to meet the demands of quality, diversity and availability of sports services. Therefore, sports and leisure complexes, which are integrated into the urban infrastructure, act as interactive public spaces with tactile surfaces. Analysis of foreign practical experience in the formation of sports and leisure complexes demonstrates what it means to move around the city, breathe new life into abandoned places and how the architecture of modern life is changing. The countries of China, Russia, and Denmark were analyzed. This analysis showed that the typical objects for leisure activities are: 1) Squares, parking lots with integrated sports and leisure areas; 2) Separate specialized buildings of sports and leisure centers or centers of youth culture with different sports; 3) Open public spaces in parks, residential complexes, preschool education constructions, health centers. The analysis of the features of sports and leisure complexes formation in the territory of Ukraine allowed to reveal two groups. The first group consists of outdoor areas, which contain outdoor simulators or sports complex workout for trainings, both for professional athletes and amateurs. The second group of sports and leisure complexes contains "urban parks" as centers for the development of street culture, which has become a part of the state youth policy. The analysis of foreign and domestic practical experience of architectural and urban planning formation of sports and leisure complexes proved that there is an active implementation of the advanced world concepts related to a healthy lifestyle in Ukraine. At the same time, the design of sports and leisure complexes is at the stage of formation and requires the development of special methods, as well as research in terms of typological, structural-functional and planning analysis. Determination of the factors influencing the development of the studied objects and the principles of their formation is needed. This can be considered as the next stage of this research.
ARCHITECTURAL-URBAN-MODELING OF THE NETWORK OF PUBLIC SPACES IN THE CENTRAL PART OF THE LARGEST CITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF KHARKIV)
Authors: Dreval I. , Zhabina A.
Published: July 2021

The paper is dedicated to the problem of creating a network of public spaces in the downtown area of a major city as an effective means of its humanization. The goal of the work is to justify and develop a graphical model of the network of public spaces in the structure of the downtown area of a major city on example of Kharkiv. Analysis of the scientific works of foreign and domestic authors has shown that the issues relating to the formation of a spatially integrated network of public spaces have not been subjected to special scientific scrutiny.
The use of the law of isomorphism of structures of urban planning systems suggested that a network of public spaces could have a linear-nodal spatial organization. It is shown that open public spaces are located along the streets and should be seen as part of the city’s communication framework. The placement of a significant variety of small public service elements on the first floors of the city center neighborhood development contributes to the formation of public spaces along the streets. These pedestrian spaces providing connections to subway stations are “linear” components of the network. The presence of open, undeveloped spaces in areas close to the entrances to subway stations creates attractive conditions for the formation of new types of public spaces. On the basis of analysis of placement of 8 subway stations in the structure of the downtown area of Kharkiv there was justified the assumption that it is their areas that are considered to be “nodal” elements of the networks of public spaces. In this way, a spatially integrated network of public spaces is created and presents an effective means of humanizing the urban environment as a whole.
The study of the architectural and urban construction of the network of public spaces in the city structure led to the conclusion of the effectiveness of such a measure in social, economic and aesthetic aspects.
THE IMPACT OF MIGRANT PEASANTS ON THE URBAN SPACE (HO CHI MINH CITY — GÀNH DẦU)
Authors: Ilchenko S.
Published: July 2021

Background: This article uses the term “way of living” in its connection with “place identity” to analyze the impact of new urban residents (migrant peasants) on the urban space transformation. In the thematic study of the spatial development of the Ho Chi Minh City center, the configuration of the influence of the key actors (state and community) is analyzed. The architectural environment of the Vietnamese Ho Chi Minh City (formerly known as Saigon) is considered in the context of the similarity of its development (consequences of development) to the transformation of the space of Ukrainian cities. Methods: Observations and theoretical discourse on the recent changes in the city’s spatial organization are used to create a detailed description of several quarters of the city center on which the study focuses. This description allows us to understand the nature of changes in the urban environment, which is expressed in the continuous (daily) deconstruction of the historical environment, and the main drivers of this process. Turning to the hypothesis of the influence of the new residents’ “way of life”, which is different from the one of the urban residents, the study was supplemented by the analysis of the spatial organization and neighborhood of the fishing village of Gành Dầu in the province of tỉnh Kiên Giang. Results: The study of the space-community interactions of this sustainable rural settlement determines the similarity of the “rural identity” of local residents with the “urban identity” (autochthonous urban population of Ho Chi Minh City) in terms of perception and use of the common space. Therefore, differences in lifestyle (urban/rural) are not the main source of influence on the gradual changes in urban morphology and the loss of authentic buildings. In the context of this study, the impact of “consumer identity” as a manifestation of a “fluid society” (characterized by instability and uncertainty) that is in the process of constant change is more noticeable. It is important to emphasize that the influence of the local community (with any type of identity) on the transformation of the urban space occurs only through the informal spatial practices, and is not the only or determining factor. Conclusions: Due to the similarity of the processes of the spatial development of the Vietnamese and Ukrainian cities, this study provides a significant comparative example for the analysis of the urban environment transformations. This study helps to introduce a new research program that addresses the gap between the architectural analysis of the interaction between the (substituted) community-space and research in other scientific fields.
Reflexiones acerca de la definición de radicación y su relación con la construcción de nuevos conceptos
Authors: Benitez Fernando , Carena Marilina
Published: July 2021

Uno de los principales problemas en la educación matemática actual es la falta de motivación en los alumnos para estudiar la disciplina. Las causas de este fenómeno son diversas y dignas de un trato profundo, pero abordamos en este trabajo un aspecto particular de la enseñanza matemática que puede ser una ellas. Precisamente, plantearemos algunas contradicciones, errores e imprecisiones que se presentan en los libros escolares en la enseñanza de la radicación en la escuela secundaria. Mostraremos de qué manera esto genera una construcción de la Matemática como una disciplina poco consistente, pudiendo redundar en obstáculos didácticos y epistemológicos. En este sentido, la labor del docente resulta fundamental para lograr erradicar posibles errores, desde el cuestionamiento y debate continuo del material bibliográfico, y desde la precisión y consistencia en la presentación de los conceptos.
Las demostraciones dinámicas del Teorema de Pitágoras
Authors: Barrantes Masot María Consuelo , Zamora Rodríguez Victor , Barrantes López Manuel
Published: July 2021

Presentamos un estudio sobre demostraciones algebraicas y geométricas del Teorema de Pitágoras, para la Enseñanza Secundaria, usando software libre de geometría dinámica. La categorización de las demostraciones ofrece al docente un muestrario útil como herramienta para la selección de los recursos didácticos necesarios para la enseñanza y aprendizaje de dicho teorema. El conjunto de construcciones dinámicas representadascon GeoGebra, como resultado de una revisión actualizada y una selección posterior podríafavorecer la tarea docente del profesor.
El papel del maestro en la transformación educativa ante un escenario de incertidumbre. Reflexiones desde y para México
Authors: Vidaña Cruz Erendida , Rodríguez Ramírez Carlos , Paredes José de Jesús
Published: July 2021

El mundo actual tiene un carácter marcadamente dinámico, por lo que el Sistema Educativo Mexicano (SEM) en su conjunto, pero particularmente las escuelas formadoras de docentes y las prácticas de enseñanza en el aula, deben transformarse para hacer frente a esa realidad. Se reconoce que el único agente indefectible que puede generar ese cambio es el docente que abrace una pedagogía crítica y que sea conocedor de la ciencia, la pedagogía y la filosofía para que ejerza una práctica reflexiva. El presente trabajo presenta una revisión teórico conceptual de la necesidad de docentes críticos transformadores en la realidad mexicana, empleando referentes como Freire y analizando también algunos elementos de la Nueva Escuela Mexicana (NEM). Un docente crítico y transformador se forja en las escuelas normales, desarrollando y potenciando lo que un profesor que asuma ese rol debe tener. Esas cualidades no se logran desde la simple experiencia, es necesario que se allegue de referentes de orden filosófico que le permitan, primero, reflexionar sobre el impacto de buenas prácticas de enseñanza, luego, tomar acción como agente de cambio. Además, debe abonar a la construcción de una filosofía emergente que le ayude a resolver problemas reales, como el generado por la COVID-19, donde se observó que la autoridad educativa dejó de lado esta reflexión filosófica y partió de concepciones rígidas, cerradas y tradicionalistas de currículo.
Reseñas de libros
Authors: Revista Yeiyá
Published: July 2021

Reseñas de libros of:
Luis A. D’aubeterre Alvarado (editor) (2020). Antropología para la educación: itinerarios epistemológicos y derivas interdisciplinares. Ecuador: UNAE. (192 pp., ISBN: 978-19942-783-46-2)
Pascual García Macías, Rodolfo García Zamora (coordinatores.) (2020). 2020 La pandemia del capitalismo global. Dublin: Macdohnil Ltd. (301pp., 978-1-908689-42-9)
Energías Renovables
Authors: Hidalgo Osorio William Armando , Vásquez Carrera Paco Jovanni , Carrillo Velarde Guido Gabriel , Vásquez Carrera Franklin Germánico
Published: July 2021

El presente libro, Energías renovables, se destina a ser utilizado, de modo particular, en la enseñanza en general y de manera general, como libro divulgativo que trata la situación energética y en la eficiencia energética, dada la necesidad de ahorro de energía. Se ha pretendido elaborar un libro que pueda ser leído por cualquier persona sin formación técnica en la materia y lograr que, a través de su lectura, pueda entender cómo es la generación de electricidad y la producción de energía alternativa a partir de fuentes energéticas renovables, y las particularidades de los sistemas eléctricos aislados. Su carácter divulgativo favorecerá su aprovechamiento por jóvenes, pero también por personas de todas las edades que sientan interés por los temas energéticos alternativos.
XXIV International Conference «Wave electronics and infocommunication systems»
Authors: Dobershtein S. A.
Published: July 2021

XXIV International Conference «Wave electronics and infocommunication systems»
EVALUATION OF THE DIGITAL RECIRCULATOR CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Kiselev A. M.
Published: July 2021

The time and frequency characteristics of the digital recirculator are described. Analytical expressions and examples of calculated dependencies between the parameters of these characteristics are given. The methods of preliminary assessment of the technical parameters of the digital recirculator are proposed.
FEATURES OF WIDEBAND DEVELOPMENT
OF RESISTANCE TRANSFORMERS IN HF RANGE,
LOADED ON LOW-IMPEDANCE ABSORBERS
Authors: Agarkov N. E.
Published: July 2021

A device based on a resistance transformer for matching a low-resistance load, including an electrically small short-wave antenna, with a transceiver equipment is described. The results of prototyping and modeling of broadband matching transformers with ferrite cores with transformation ratios 4:1, 9:1, and 25:1 are presented. A model of a matching transformer operating on a low-resistance absorber is proposed. The results of measurements and modeling of the effect of frequency dependences of the complex resistance of low-resistance resistors of various types used as loads on the measured characteristics of transformers are presented. An increase in the influence of parasitic parameters of the load, winding terminals, compensating reactivity of elements and the transformer itself on its characteristics with a decrease in the load resistance is shown.
RETUNABLE REJECTION FILTERS
Authors: Yasinskiy I. M. , Tyumentsev A. I. , Yakovlev A. N.
Published: July 2021

The possibilities of realizing retunable rejection filters are considered, in which two-pole networks are introduced into the low-pass filter, which play the role of narrow-band rejection circuits. Methods for analyzing rejection circuits and formulas for calculating elements are presented.
Strategi Komunikasi Pemasaran Kae Thai Tea Dalam Meningkatkan Brand Awareness
Authors: Noti Fetnisari Babang , Widodo Herru Prasetya , Setiamandani Emei Dwinanarhati
Published: July 2021

The current business competition is so tight that there are many similar competitors. This is where a brand awareness strategy is needed so that the business being run can still compete. This study aims to determine the strategies used by Kae Thai Tea in increasing this brand awareness. In this study, a qualitative research method was used through observation, documentation and semi-structured interviews with informants who were determined through positive sampling. From the research carried out, it can be concluded that in carrying out a marketing communication strategy to increase brand awareness, this goal can be achieved by implementing a well-organized strategy in accordance with the wishes of the businessman. As for several supporting factors, namely the elements of marketing communication and brand elements by having a concept that is quite affordable. The presence of several inhibiting factors will not make the marketed brand worse but will become stronger in the face of competition.

Keywords: communication; marketing communication; brand awareness
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berorientasi Environmental Sustainability Education Berbasis Literasi Sains Dan Realitas Lokal Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Anggraini Nike , Nazip Khoiron , Andriani Dian Sri
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan bahan ajar berorientasi environmental sustainability education berbasis literasi lingkungan dan realitas Sumatera Selatan.. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yakni mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Unsri yang sedang  mengampu Mata Kuliah Manusia dan Ilmu Lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Research & Development (R&D) dari Borg dan gall dengan emapt tahapan yakni studi pendahuluan, perencanaan, pengembangan, validasi dan revisi. Uji coba terbatas dilakukan pada sebagian mahasiswa kelas palembang yang berjumlah 15 orang dan uji coba skala luas dilakukan pada keseluruhan mahasiswa berjumlah 75 dari keseluruhan mahasiswa di kelas palembang dan indralaya. Bahan ajar yang digunakan dikembangkan menurut NAEE dengan 6 karateristik kunci bahan ajar berorietasi Environmental Sustainability Education yang meliputi : fairness & accuracy, depth, emphasis on skill building, action orientation, instructional soundness dan usability. Teknik Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, dokumentasi, angket dan tes. Uji keterbacaan menggunakan tes Cloze dan sebelumnya dilakukan tes validasi oleh ahli materi, dan ahli teknologi. Berdasarkan hasil validasi oleh ahli materi didapat bahwa 82, 4% , 78% oleh validasi ahli teknologi, yang artinya bahan ajar yang dikembangkan dalam kategori baik. Sedangkan brdasarkan uji keterbacaan, bahan ajar lingkungan memiliki keterbacaan yang tinggi.
Growth of Long pepper (Piper rectofractum Vahl.) with Different Growing Media Composition
Authors: Prameswari Wuri , Herman Welly , Salamah Umi
Published: July 2021

Long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.) It is one of the potential medicinal plants in Indonesia. However, information related to the cultivation of this plant is still minimal. Therefore, research needs regarding the determination of suitable planting media for the growth of herbal chilies. This experiment used a complete randomized group design (RKLT) with one treatment factor for the composition of the growing media, namely soil, soil + sand (3: 1, v / v), soil + rice husk charcoal (3: 1, v/v), and soil + manure (3: 1, v / v). Each treatment repeats six times, and each consisted of 10 plants. Data analysis using a variance. The plant material used was in soil tendrils and polybags measuring 30 cm x 30 cm as a container. NPK + Mg inorganic fertilizer with an equivalent dose of 12: 12: 17: 2. The results of the experiment showed that the composition of the different growing media affected all observed variables. The use of soil planting medium + cow manure showed the best growth results of chili herbs for plant height, the number of leaves, root length, root and canopy wet weight, and root and canopy dry weight.
The Relationship between Learning Motivation and Learning Outcomes of Students Chemistry of Grade XI-MNS in 4 State SHS Pematangsiantar
Authors: Manurung Hisar Marulitua , Manurung Suprapto
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to determine the relationship between learning motivation and learning outcomes of students chemistry of grade XI-MNS (mathematics and natural science). The research design used was quantitative with a correlation approach. The population of this study was all students of class XI-MNS at state senior high school (SHS) 4 Pematangsiantar as many as 205 students for the 2019/2020 Academic Year. The sampling technique for this research was random sampling, which is a random sampling technique with a total sample of 40 students. The instrument used in the study was a non-test (questionnaire) of 20 questions to measure student learning motivation, but measuring chemistry learning outcomes was taken from the odd semester exam scores. The results showed that the percentage of high motivation was 20%, sufficient motivation was 50%, and low motivation was 30%. Student chemistry learning outcomes with a minimum score with a score of 41 and a maximum value with a score of 63 derived from the semester test scores that have been assessed by the field teacher. The correlation coefficient (r) in this study is 0.80 and the value of the coefficient of determination (r²) amounting to 0.63 which indicates that students' chemistry learning outcomes affect 63% changes in chemistry learning motivation. This results show that the relationship between learning motivation and learning outcomes of students chemistry of grade XI-MNS is very strong.
Strategi ekspansi usaha dan pengelolaan kas berbasis teknologi informasi pada era new normal
Authors: Fidiana Fidiana , Ariestianti Widhi , Retnani Endang Dwi , Widyawati Dini
Published: July 2021

Handicraft SMEs are one of the sectors affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The implementation of this community service activity aims to offer the right expansion strategy for MSMEs affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. The scope of community service activities is limited to the Sukolilo Surabaya Handicraft SMEs. Some MSMEs have managed to survive and some have been less fortunate. The method of activity is to provide recommendations through virtual assistance activities through zoom and WhatsApp social media related to strategies to increase business and manage finances during the new normal era. The results of this community service activity include several MSMEs responding by diversifying their products and businesses. Second, partners with marketing problems have created accounts through the Instagram and Facebook applications and have participated in the exhibition agenda. Third, partners with financial problems have carried out simple financial management manually and using the SME Accounting application.
Otolith-derived field metabolic rates of myctophids (Family Myctophidae) from the Scotia Sea (Southern Ocean)
Authors: Alewijnse SR , Stowasser G , Saunders RA , Belcher A , Crimmen OA , Cooper N , Trueman CN
Published: July 2021

Myctophids (Family Myctophidae, commonly known as the lanternfishes) are critical components of open ocean food webs and an important part of the ocean biological carbon pump, as many species actively transport carbon to the deep ocean through their diel vertical migrations. Estimating the magnitude of myctophids’ contribution to the biological carbon pump requires knowledge of their metabolic rate. Unfortunately, data on myctophid metabolic rates are sparse, as they rarely survive being captured and placed in a respirometer. Because of this limitation, many studies estimate myctophid metabolic rates indirectly from body mass and temperature scaling relationships, often extrapolating regressions from global data sets to regional scales. To test the validity of these estimates, we employed a newly developed proxy for mass-specific field metabolic rate (Cresp: the proportion of metabolically derived carbon in the otolith) based on the stable carbon isotope composition (δ13C) of otolith aragonite. We recovered estimates of Cresp for individuals of 6 species of myctophids from the Scotia Sea, giving a range in Cresp values from 0.123-0.248. We found that ecological and physiological differences among species are better predictors of variation in Cresp values than body mass and temperature. We compared our results to estimates of metabolic rates derived from scaling relationships and from measurements of electron transport system activity. When considering myctophids as a whole, we found that estimates of oxygen consumption from different methods are broadly similar; however, there are considerable discrepancies at the species level. Our study highlights the usefulness of metabolic proxies where respirometry is currently unavailable, and provides valuable information on field metabolic rates of myctophids.
Maintenance of long-term equilibrium in a perturbed metacommunity of sub-arctic marine fishes
Authors: Stortini CH , Frank KT , Ontiveros VJ , Leggett WC , Shackell NL
Published: July 2021

The theory of island biogeography (TIB) predicts that species richness in isolated areas is determined by the processes of colonization and extinction, and, in turn, governed by island size and isolation. Metacommunity models extend the TIB, predicting that both habitat and species interactions are important drivers of community vital rates and structure, and that marine metacommunities will exhibit higher extinction/colonization rates relative to terrestrial ecosystems. Here we demonstrate that oceanic banks can be considered islands, and document how application of these theories advanced our understanding of the dynamics of these submarine islands following the fishery-induced collapse of predatory groundfish populations. We employed a 48 yr dataset of fish communities on 10 offshore banks of the Scotian Shelf, Northwest Atlantic Ocean to examine colonization and extinction rates before and after the collapse. Bank-specific colonization, extinction and turnover rates were quantified using the island R package to correct for imperfect detectability, inherent to all sampling of natural systems. Colonization and extinction events were briefly unbalanced following the predator collapse, and reflected in increases in species richness and turnover, most notably on the largest banks. However, over the longer term, a dynamic equilibrium of colonization and extinction events prevailed on 8 of the 10 banks. This resulted in a generally time-invariant species richness, and a negative relationship between species turnover and bank area, as predicted by theory. Our study provides support for the relevance of island biogeography and metacommunity theories in guiding exploration and understanding of the mechanisms governing marine community vital rates and structure.
Dynamic Changes of Orexin A and Leptin in Obese Children during Body Weight Reduction
Authors: Bronský J , Nedvídková J , Zamrazilová H , Pechová M , Chada M , Kotaška K , Nevoral J , Průša R
Published: July 2021

In this study, we describe changes of plasma levels of the hypothalamic neuropeptide orexin A in obese children during the reduction of body weight and its relationship to other biochemical and anthropometrical parameters. We measured orexin A fasting plasma levels by the RIA method in 58 obese children--33 girls and 25 boys; mean age 13.1+/-0.38 years (range 7-18.5) before and after 5 weeks of weight-reduction therapy. Leptin, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in all the subjects and were compared to orexin A levels and anthropometrical data. Average weight in subjects before weight-reduction was 74.2+/-2.79 kg and after weight-loss 67.4+/-2.60 kg (p<0.0001). Orexin A levels before the therapy were 33.3+/-1.97 pg/ml and after the therapy 51.7+/-3.07 pg/ml (p<0.0001). Levels of orexin A were not significantly different between girls and boys (p=0.7842). We found negative correlation between orexin A and age (r = -0.5395; p<0.0001), body height (r = -0.4751; p=0.0002), body weight (r = -0.4030; p=0.0017) and BMI (r = -0.2607; p=0.0481). No correlation was found between orexin A and IGF-1, IGFBP-3 or leptin. Orexin A plasma levels increased during body weight loss, whereas the reverse was true for leptin levels. These findings support the hypothesis that orexin A may be involved in regulation of nutritional status in children.
The role of ACTH in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome in rats: Hormonal profiles and ovarian morphology
Authors: Baravalle C , Salvetti NR , Mira GA , Lorente JA , Ortega HH
Published: July 2021

Numerous hypotheses have been proposed about the pathogenesis of the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). However, hormonal control of persistent follicles has not been established. The objective of the present study was to compare the follicular structure and hormonal profiles of rats treated with the adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) with two experimental models of PCOS. ACTH-treated animals were compared with those exposed to continuous light, those treated with estradiol valerate, and with control (in proestrous and diestrous). Serum hormone levels, histomorphometrical changes, and immunoexpression of vimentin, cytokeratins, cadherins, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were examined. Treatment with ACTH resulted in an elevation of corticosterone secretion with LH reduction but without changes in ovarian morphology. Although stress (or ACTH) stimulation may be only one of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in follicular cyst pathogenesis in other species, we do not have important evidence to suppose that this would happen in rats.
Seasonal variations of gonadotropins and prolactin in the laboratory rat. role of maternal pineal gland
Authors: Vázquez N , Díaz E , Fernández C , Jiménez V , Esquifino A , Díaz B
Published: July 2021

The laboratory rat, a non-photoperiodic rodent, exhibits seasonal fluctuations of melatonin. Melatonin has been found to be readily transferred from the maternal to the fetal circulation. No data exist on the possible influence of maternal pineal gland upon seasonal variations of the offspring. The aim of the present study was to asses the influence of the maternal melatonin rhythm on the offspring postnatal development of the reproductive hormones LH, FSH and prolactin. Male offspring from control, pinealectomized (PIN-X) and PIN-X + melatonin (PIN-X+MEL) mother Wistar rats were studied at 21, 31, and 60 days of age. Seasonal age-dependent variations were found for all hormones studied in control offspring but PIN-X offspring showed a tendency to have reduced duration or altered seasonal variations. Maternal melatonin treatment to PIN-X mothers partially restored the effect of pinealectomy. The chronological study of LH, FSH, and prolactin in PIN-X offspring also showed an altered pattern as compared to control-offspring. Melatonin treatment to the mothers partially restored the developmental pattern of reproductive hormones. Results of this study indicate that maternal pineal gland of the laboratory rat is involved in the seasonal postnatal development variations of reproductive hormones of the offspring.
Relationship between oxygenation in inactive biceps brachii muscle and hyperventilation during leg cycling
Authors: Ogata H , Arimitsu T , Matsuura R , Yunoki T , Horiuchi M , Yano T
Published: July 2021

Inactive forearm muscle oxygenation has been reported to begin decreasing from the respiratory compensation point (RCP) during ramp leg cycling. From the RCP, hyperventilation occurs with a decrease in arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2). The aim of this study was to determine which of these two factors, hyperventilation or decrease in PaCO2, is related to a decrease in inactive biceps brachii muscle oxygenation during leg cycling. Each subject (n = 7) performed a 6-min two-step leg cycling. The exercise intensity in the first step (3 min) was halfway between the ventilatory threshold and RCP (170+/-21 watts), while that in the second step (3 min) was halfway between the RCP and peak oxygen uptake (240+/-28 watts). The amount of hyperventilation and PaCO2 were calculated from gas parameters. The average cross correlation function in seven subjects between inactive muscle oxygenation and amount of hyperventilation showed a negative peak at the time shift of zero (r = -0.72, p<0.001), while that between inactive muscle oxygenation and calculated PaCO2 showed no peak near the time shift of zero. Thus, we concluded that decrease in oxygenation in inactive arm muscle is closely coupled with increase in the amount of hyperventilation.
Two Sides of the Same Coin: Finding Common Roots in Husserlian Phenomenology and Freudian Psychoanalysis
Authors: Arora Manali
Published: July 2021

Phenomenology and psychoanalysis, two of the most prominent accounts of subjectivity, may, at first, appear as if they are opposites, but the impression that phenomenology and psychoanalysis are antithetical can be transformed when both the frameworks are looked at closely enough. Divergences between psychoanalysis and phenomenology have concealed, profound agreement in the subject matter, approach, and methods of these two schools of psychology. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to refurbish and elaborate a preliminary outline of conceptual correspondences between Husserl's Phenomenology and Freud's Psychoanalysis. Elucidating the convergences of Psychoanalysis with Husserl's well-developed phenomenological tradition can be of immense potential salience to psychoanalysts and the anthropological analyses of subjectivity. In exploring how Husserl's rendering of psychology enhances or alters our understanding of Psychoanalysis, we encounter this dialogue unfolding.
SMART LABEL: A NEW PARADIGM FOR THE APPAREL INDUSTRY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department Of Apparel Manufacturing Management & Technology, Shanto-Mariam University Of Creative Technology, Bangladesh., MUQADDIM NOORUL , MAHMOOD TARIQUE ,   Assistant Professor, Department Of Apparel Manufacturing Management & Technology, Shanto-Mariam University Of Creative Technology, Bangladesh, KABIR REASHAD BIN ,   Assistant Professor, Department Of Apparel Manufacturing Management & Technology, Shanto-Mariam University Of Creative Technology, Bangladesh
Published: July 2021

The modern era is encircled by technological development. Conventional labels which are a common item in the apparel industry need to be replaced by smart ones. In this paper several types of the smart label is introduced, that are adapted in recent time. Some of the labels that are conferred here still are in emerging phase and their uses are still limited to apparel or clothing items.
Development and Delivery Systems of mRNA Vaccines
Authors: Liang Yongjun , Huang Liping , Liu Tiancai
Published: July 2021

Since the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, mRNA vaccine development has undergone a tremendous drive within the pharmaceutical field. In recent years, great progress has been made into mRNA vaccine development, especially in individualized tumor vaccines. mRNA vaccines are a promising approach as the production process is simple, safety profiles are better than those of DNA vaccines, and mRNA-encoded antigens are readily expressed in cells. However, mRNA vaccines also possess some inherent limitations. While side effects such as allergy, renal failure, heart failure, and infarction remain a risk, the vaccine mRNA may also be degraded quickly after administration or cause cytokine storms. This is a substantial challenge for mRNA delivery. However, appropriate carriers can avoid degradation and enhance immune responses, effector presentation, biocompatibility and biosafety. To understand the development and research status of mRNA vaccines, this review focuses on analysis of molecular design, delivery systems and clinical trials of mRNA vaccines, thus highlighting the route for wider development and further clinical trials of mRNA vaccines.
Analysis of Ferroptosis-Mediated Modification Patterns and Tumor Immune Microenvironment Characterization in Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Jin Yi , Wang Zhanwang , He Dong , Zhu Yuxing , Gong Lian , Xiao Mengqing , Chen Xingyu , Cao Ke
Published: July 2021

Uveal melanoma (UVM) is an intraocular malignancy in adults in which approximately 50% of patients develop metastatic disease and have a poor prognosis. The need for immunotherapies has rapidly emerged, and recent research has yielded impressive results. Emerging evidence has implicated ferroptosis as a novel type of cell death that may mediate tumor-infiltrating immune cells to influence anticancer immunity. In this study, we first selected 11 ferroptosis regulators in UVM samples from the training set (TCGA and GSE84976 databases) by Cox analysis. We then divided these molecules into modules A and B based on the STRING database and used consensus clustering analysis to classify genes in both modules. According to the Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), the results revealed that the clusters in module A were remarkably related to immune-related pathways. Next, we applied the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms and found that these ferroptosis-related patterns may affect a proportion of TME infiltrating cells, thereby mediating the tumor immune environment. Additionally, to further develop the prognostic signatures based on the immune landscape, we established a six-gene-regulator prognostic model in the training set and successfully verified it in the validation set (GSE44295 and GSE27831). Subsequently, we identified the key molecules, including ABCC1, CHAC1, and GSS, which were associated with poor overall survival, progression-free survival, disease-specific survival, and progression-free interval. We constructed a competing endogenous RNA network to further elucidate the mechanisms, which consisted of 29 lncRNAs, 12 miRNAs, and 25 ferroptosis-related mRNAs. Our findings indicate that the ferroptosis-related genes may be suitable potential biomarkers to provide novel insights into UVM prognosis and decipher the underlying mechanisms in tumor microenvironment characterization.
MiR-665 Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Senescence by Interacting With LncRNA GAS5/SDC1
Authors: Chen Tianbin , Liang Qingyang , Xu Jialin , Zhang Yanan , Zhang Yi , Mo Liping , Zhang Li
Published: July 2021

Background: Vascular aging is considered a special risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a major role in aging-related vascular remodeling and in the pathological process of atherosclerosis. Recent research has reported that long non-coding RNA/microRNA (lncRNA/miRNA) is a critical regulator of cellular senescence. However, the role and mechanism of lncRNA GAS5/miR-665 axis in VSMC senescence remain incompletely understood.

Methods: Cellular senescence was evaluated using senescence-associated β-gal activity, the NAD+/NADH ratio, and by immunofluorescence staining of γH2AX immunofluorescence. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified by miRNA microarray assays and subsequently validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). A dual luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the binding of lncRNA GAS5 and miR-665 as well as miR-665 and syndecan 1 (SDC1). Serum levels of miR-665, lncRNA GAS5, and SDC1 in 93 subjects were detected by qRT-PCR. The participants were subdivided into control, aging, and early vascular aging (EVA) groups, and their brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured.

Results: A total of 20 overlapping DEMs were identified in young and old VSMCs via microarray analysis. MiR-665 showed a significant alteration and, therefore, was selected for further analysis. Upregulation of miR-665 was found in aging VSMCs, and downregulation of miR-665 caused an inhibition of VSMCs senescence. Subsequently, the dual luciferase reporter assay determined the binding site of miR-665 with the 3′-UTR of lncRNA GAS5 and SDC1. Increased expression of lncRNA GAS5 expression inhibited the miR-665 level and VSMC senescence. However, as shown in rescue experiment results, either miR-665 overexpression or SDC1 knockdown significantly reversed the effects of lncRNA GAS5 on VSMC senescence. Finally, compared with that of the control group, miR-665 was highly expressed in serum samples in the aging and EVA groups, especially in the EVA groups. On the contrary, serum levels of lncRNA GAS5 and SDC1 were lower in these two groups. Collectively, in the aging and EVA groups, miR-665 expression was negatively correlated with lncRNA GAS5 and SDC1 expression.

Conclusion: miR-665 inhibition functions as a vital modulator of VSMC senescence by negatively regulating SDC1, which is achieved by lncRNA GAS5 that sponges miR-665. Our findings may provide a new treatment strategy for aging-related cardiovascular diseases.
When Music Speaks: An Acoustic Study of the Speech Surrogacy of the Nigerian Dùndún Talking Drum
Authors: Durojaye Cecilia , Knowles Kristina L. , Patten K. Jakob , Garcia Mordecai J. , McBeath Michael K.
Published: July 2021

Yorùbá dùndún drumming is an oral tradition which allows for manipulation of gliding pitch contours in ways that correspond to the differentiation of the Yorùbá linguistic tone levels. This feature enables the drum to be employed as both a musical instrument and a speech surrogate. In this study, we examined four modes of the dùndún talking drum, compared them to vocal singing and talking in the Yorùbá language, and analyzed the extent of microstructural overlap between these categories, making this study one of the first to examine the vocal surrogacy of the drum in song. We compared the fundamental frequency, timing pattern, and intensity contour of syllables from the same sample phrase recorded in the various communicative forms and we correlated each vocalization style with each of the corresponding drumming modes. We analyzed 30 spoken and sung verbal utterances and their corresponding drum and song excerpts collected from three native Yorùbá speakers and three professional dùndún drummers in Nigeria. The findings confirm that the dùndún can very accurately mimic microstructural acoustic temporal, fundamental frequency, and intensity characteristics of Yorùbá vocalization when doing so directly, and that this acoustic match systematically decreases for the drumming modes in which more musical context is specified. Our findings acoustically verify the distinction between four drumming mode categories and confirm their acoustical match to corresponding verbal modes. Understanding how musical and speech aspects interconnect in the dùndún talking drum clarifies acoustical properties that overlap between vocal utterances (speech and song) and corresponding imitations on the drum and verifies the potential functionality of speech surrogacy communications systems.
Feasibility and Preliminary Effects of the BESMILE-HF Program on Chronic Heart Failure Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Xiankun , Jiang Wei , Olson Thomas P. , Lundborg Cecilia Stålsby , Wen Zehuai , Lu Weihui , Marrone Gaetano
Published: July 2021

Aims: The Baduanjin Eight-Silken-Movements wIth Self-Efficacy building for Heart Failure (BESMILE-HF) program is a contextually adapted cardiac rehabilitation program. It uses a traditional Chinese exercise, Baduanjin, to solve the unmet demand of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programs due to their scarcity and unaffordability in China. This pilot study assesses BESMILE-HF's feasibility and preliminary effects.

Methods: Eighteen patients with chronic heart failure were included: 8 in a BESMILE-HF group (age: 67 ± 5 years, EF: 40.4 ± 13.6%) and 10 in a control group (age: 70 ± 13 years, EF: 42.9 ± 12.5%). Both received the usual medications, with the intervention group receiving additionally the BESMILE-HF program for 6 weeks. Feasibility was explored by participants' involvement in the intended intervention. Clinical outcome assessments were conducted at baseline and post-intervention, while adverse events were captured throughout the study period.

Results: The BESMILE-HF program was well-received by patients, and adherence to the intervention was good. The intervention group completed all required home exercises and total home-practice time was correlated with baseline self-efficacy (r = 0.831, p = 0.011). Moreover, after 6 weeks, self-efficacy increased in the BESMILE-HF group (p = 0.028) and the change was higher than in the control [mean difference (MD): 3.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.6–5.9, p = 0.004]. For the exercise capacity, the control group demonstrated a significant decline in peak oxygen consumption (p =0.018) whereas, the BESMILE-HF group maintained their exercise capacity (p = 0.063). Although the between-group difference was not statistically significance, there was clear clinical improvement in the BESMILE-HF group (1.5 mL/kg/min, 95% CI, −0.3 to 3.2 vs. minimal clinically important difference of 1 mL/kg/min). Throughout the study period, no adverse events related to the intervention were captured.

Conclusions: BESMILE-HF is feasible for patients with chronic heart failure in Chinese settings. A larger sample size and a longer follow-up period is needed to confirm its benefit on clinical outcomes.

Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03180320.
Improving Academic Self-Concept and STEM Identity Through a Research Immersion: Pathways to STEM Summer Program
Authors: Betz Amy R. , King Brenee , Grauer Bette , Montelone Beth , Wiley Zelia , Thurston Linda
Published: July 2021

Undergraduate research opportunities have been demonstrated to promote recruitment, retention, and inclusion of students from underrepresented groups in STEM disciplines. The opportunity to engage in hands-on, discovery-based activities as part of a community helps students develop a strong self-identity in STEM and strengthens their self-efficacy in what can otherwise be daunting fields. Kansas State University has developed an array of undergraduate research opportunities, both in the academic year and summer, and has established a management infrastructure around these programs. The Graduate School, which hosts its own Summer Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program aimed at URM and first-generation college students, coordinates the leadership of the other grant-funded programs, and conducts a series of enrichment and networking activities for students from all the programs. These include professional development as well as primarily social sessions. The Kansas LSAMP, led by Kansas State University, created a summer program aimed at under-represented minority community college students enrolled in STEM fields to recruit them into research opportunities at K-State. There has been strong interest in the program, which incorporated university experience elements in addition to an introduction to STEM research and the four-year university. In the 5 years since the program’s inception, cohorts of nine to fourteen students came to K-State each year for eight-week experiences and took part in both cohort-based sessions and individual mentored research experiences. The two-fold focus of this program, Research Immersion: Pathways to STEM, has resulted in the majority of the students presenting a poster at a national conference and transferring to a STEM major at a four-year institution. Survey results showed that the program was successful at improving STEM identity and academic self-concepts. Qualitative feedback suggested that the two parts of the program worked together to increase interest and self confidence in STEM majors but also ensured that students connect with other students and felt comfortable in the transition to a 4-year institution.