bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural Characterization of Cationic 16-Electron Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing the Binuclear [Cp*Ru(μ-Cl)3RuCp*]– Anion
Authors: Glöge Thomas , Petrovic Dejan , Hrib Cristian G. , Jones Peter G. , Tamm Matthias
Published: August 2018

The reaction of the diimine ligand 1,2-bis(1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazolin-2-imino)ethane (BLiPr) with tetrameric [Cp*RuCl]4 in a 1 : 0.75 ratio afforded the complex salt [1][2] containing the 16-electron half-sandwich cation [Cp*Ru(BLiPr)]+ (1) and the dinuclear anion [Cp*Ru(μ- Cl)3RuCp*]− (2). The X-ray crystal structures of [1][2]·31/2THF (monoclinic, space group P21/n, Z = 4) and of [1][2]·THF (monoclinic, space group C2/m, Z = 4) are reported, allowing the structural characterization of the unprecedented anion 2, in which two [(η5-C5Me5)Ru(II)] moieties are bridged by three μ2-chlorine atoms.
Diazadioxacyclophanes
Authors: Bartsch Richard A. , Jones Peter G. , Kuś Piotr , Dix Ina
Published: August 2018

Six new cyclophane molecules (5 - 10) were synthesized from α,α´-bis(N-tosyl-4-aminophenyl)- 1,4-diisopropylbenzene and α,α´-bis[4-(n-bromoalkyloxy)phenyl]-1,4-diisopropylbenzene. The crystal and molecular structures of α,α´-bis(4-aminophenyl)-1,4-diisopropylbenzene (3), α,α´-bis (N-tosyl-4-aminophenyl)-1,4-diisopropylbenzene 4 and the ditosyl derivative of the diazadioxacyclophane 6 were determined. The noncyclic compounds 3 and 4 display the anti conformation. Diazadioxacyclophane 6 possesses a central cavity that might be exploited to accommodate guest molecules, but some conformational change would probably be required.
Synthesis and Anticancer Evaluation of Some New 4-Amino-3- (p-methoxybenzyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one Derivatives
Authors: Bekircan Olcay , Kucuk Murat , Kahveci Bahittin , Bektas Hakan
Published: August 2018

4-Amino-3-p-methoxybenzyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl-acetic acid ethyl ester (2) was prepared from 4-amino-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (1) and ethyl bromoacetate. Compound 3 was synthesized by the condensation of 2 with hydrazine hydrate. The treatment of compound 3 with various aromatic aldehydes resulted in the formation of arylidene hydrazides as cistrans conformers 4a - g. Thiosemicarbazide derivative 5 was prepared by the reaction of compound 3 with phenylisothiocyanate. Cyclization of 5 with sodium hydroxide resulted in the formation of compound 6. Treatment of 6 with benzyl bromide gave compound 7. Four of the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their anticancer activity against a panel of 60 cell lines derived from nine cancer types, namely, non-small cell lung, colon, breast, ovarian, leukemia, renal, melanoma, prostate and CNS cancers at a fixed dose of 10 μM.
The Crystal Structure of [Mg2(H2O)6(HCO3)3]+Cl–, Containing a Magnesium-based Hetero-polycation
Authors: Dinnebier Robert E. , Jansen Martin
Published: August 2018

The crystal structure of di-magnesium hexahydrate trihydrogencarbonate chloride, [Mg2(H2O)6- (HCO3)3]+Cl−, has been determined from high-resolution laboratory powder diffraction data (lattice parameters at r. t.: a = 8.22215(2), c = 39.5044(2) Å, V = 2312.85(2) Å3, space group R3̄̄c, Z = 6). The crystal structure of [Mg2(H2O)6(HCO3)3]+Cl− is built up of alternating sheets of Cl− anions and complex [Mg2(H2O)6(HCO3)3]+ cations consisting of two Mg(OH2)3O3 octahedra interconnected by three disordered hydrogen carbonate groups. The packing can be described as a cubic close packing of [Mg2(H2O)6(HCO3)3]+ cations with the Cl− anions filling all octahedral voids. In the temperature range from r. t. up to decomposition, which takes place in the range 398 K < T < 413 K, no structural phase transition occurs.
Gemischte Plumbide (Ca/Sr)xBa1 –xPb3. Strukturchemie und chemische Bindung/ Mixed Plumbides (Ca/Sr)xBa1−xPb3. Structural Chemistry and Chemical Bonding
Authors: Wendorff Marco , Röhr Caroline
Published: August 2018

Ternary mixed Ca/Sr-Ba triplumbides of overall composition AIIPb3 were synthesized from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements. The structures of the compounds have been determined by means of single crystal X-ray data. All structures exhibit close-packed ordered APb3 layers containing Pb Kagomé nets, which are stacked in different orientations. Depending on the stacking sequences, the resulting lead polyanion resembles the oxygen nets of the hexagonal (face sharing octahedra, h stacking, Ni3Sn-type structure) or the cubic perovskites (corner sharing octahedra, c stacking, Cu3Au-type structure). The known binary compound BaPb3, the structure of which has been redetermined from single crystal data (trigonal, space group R3̄̄m, a = 729.06(2), c = 2564.43(10) pm, Z = 9, R1 = 0.0353), shows a (hhc)3 stacking (TaCo3-type structure). A small partial substitution of barium against calcium (Ca0.03Ba0.97Pb3: trigonal, space group R3̄̄m, a = 726.0(2), c = 3443(2) pm, Z = 12, R1 = 0.0542) or strontium (Sr0.11Ba0.89Pb3: a = 727.3(2), c = 3421(2) pm, Z = 12, R1 = 0.0424) causes a structural change to the HT-PuGa3 structure type with a (hhcc)3 stacking sequence. At an approximate 1 : 1 ratio (35 to 53 % Sr) of strontium and barium (Sr0.56Ba0.44Pb3: trigonal, space group P63/mmc, a = 715.82(2), c = 1717.91(7) pm, Z = 6, R1 = 0.0309) the PuAl3 structure type [(hcc)2-stacking] has a distinct homogenity range. The series is terminated with the pure c stacking of SrPb3 and CaPb3. As already noted from the above series, the stacking of the close-packed layers is influenced by the ratio of the atomic radii of the contributing elements. The electronic stability ranges, which are discussed on the basis of the results of FP-LAPW band structure calculations and in comparison to further compounds known from the literature, can be explained using Zintl/Wade rules. Still, due to the presence of only partially occupied steep Pb-p bands of σ bonding characteristic, the compounds are metals exhibiting pseudo band gaps at or near the Fermi level. Thus this structure family represents an instructive case of transition from polar ionic/covalent towards (inter)metallic chemistry.
Zr(HSO4)4/SiO2 as an Efficient Alternative Catalyst for the Claisen-Schmidt Condensation
Authors: Mirjalilia Bi Bi Fatemeh , Bamoniri Abddhamid , Alipour Masoumeh , Zarchia Mohammad Ali Karimi
Published: August 2018

Zr(HSO4)4/SiO2 promotes the regio-, stereo- and chemoselective Claisen-Schmidt condensation of aromatic aldehydes with ketones under solvent-free conditions with improved yields. The work-up of the reaction mixture is simple, and the catalyst is easily removed from the products by simple filtration.
A prenylated acridone alkaloid and ferulate xanthone from barks of Citrus medica (Rutaceae)
Authors: Fomani Marie , Happi Emmanuel Ngeufa , Kouam  , Francois-Hugues Poree , Lallemand Marie-Christine , Kamdem Waffo Alain François , Wansi Jean Duplex
Published: August 2018

A new prenylated acridone alkaloid, medicacridone (1), and a new ferulate xanthone, medicaxanthone (5), together with 11 known compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of the bark of the Cameroonian medicinal plant Citrus medica. The structures of all compounds were determined by comprehensive analyses of their 1D and 2D NMR, mass spectral (EI and ESI) data, chemical reactions, and comparison with previously known analogues. The agar diffusion test delivered low to missing antimicrobial activities, corresponding with MICs > 1 mg mL–1, while compounds 1–6 and atalantoflavone (9) displayed weak cytotoxic activity against the human Caucasian prostate adenocarcinoma cell line PC-3, with IC50 values ranging from 60.5 to 80.0 μm
versus doxorubicine with IC50=0.9 μm.
Crystal structure and thermal decomposition of the Silanimine tBu2Si=N-SitBu3·thf
Authors: Schödel Frauke , Bolte Michael , Lerner Hans-Wolfram
Published: August 2018

The thf-complexed silanimine tBu2Si=N–Sit- Bu3·thf (1(thf); monoclinic, space group C2/c) was prepared by the reaction of 1 equivalent of tBu2SiClN3 with 1 equivalent of Na[SitBu3] in Bu2O and subsequent addition of thf. By heating a benzene solution over a period of 11 d –140 °C, 1(thf) slowly released the thf donor to form the uncomplexed silanimine 1. However, under these conditions the silanimine 1 is unstable and is thermolized to give the ene reaction product of 1 with isobutene, H2C=C(CH2SitBu2–NH–SitBu3)2. By contrast, the thermolysis reaction of Me2Si=N–SitBu3·thf yielded the silanimine dimer (Me2SiNSitBu3)2 in 51 % and the vinyl ether Me2Si(OCH=CH2)NHSitBu3 in 49 % yield.
ᴅ-Aspartyl-ʟ-alanin als Interpeptidbrücke im Murein von Bacillus pasteurii Migula / ᴅ-Aspartyl-ʟ-alanine an Interpeptide Bridge of the Murein of Bacillus pasteurii Migula
Authors: Ranftl H. , Kandler O.
Published: August 2018

-A spartyl-L -alanine an In te rp e p tid e Bridge of the M urein of Bacillus pasteurii M igula H . R a n f t l u n d O . K a n d l e r Murein structure, Bacillus pasteurii The murein (peptidoglycan) of the cell walls of 4 strains of B. pasteurii was analysed. In vegetative cells the peptide subunits consist of L-Ala-N^-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala while the in te r­ peptide bridge bond to the e-am inogroup of L-Lys consists of N-/ff-D-Asp-L-Ala. The spores contain a m urein of the meso-DAP-type. In the strain ATCC 6453 about 30 °/o of L-Ala of the interpeptide bridge is replaced by L-Ser.
Estimation of Pathways of Glucose Metabolism Employing [14C] Glucose
Authors: Kümmel Ladislav
Published: August 2018

A method of quantitative estimation of the contribution of the pentose cycle and the Embden-Meyerhof pathway to erythrocyte carbohydrate metabolism employing [1-14C] glucose and [6-14C] glucose, is described. It has been found that the ratio of both pathways changes with time of incubation. The contribution of the pentose cycle to glucose metabolism was about 50% and below 10% after 1 hour and 3-5 hour incubation, respectively. Methylene blue (1.84 × 10-4 м) increased the contribution of the pentose cycle to glucose metabolism from 1.5 times to 7 times after 20 min und 3 hour incubation, respectively. In view of the inhibitory effect of ATP on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ᴅ-glucose- 6-phosphate: NADP+ oxidoreductase EC 1.1.1.49) the dependence of the contribution of the pentose cycle to glucose metabolism on the length of incubation may be related to the possible changes of erythrocyte ATP content during the separation and washing of these cells.
Protonenspinrelaxation und Wasserbeweglichkeit in Muskelgewebe / Proton Spin Relaxation and Mobility of Water in Muscle Tissue
Authors: Held G. , Noack F. , Pollak V. , Melton B.
Published: August 2018

The frequency dependence of the proton spin relaxation in muscle tissue shows that the mobility of the muscle water must be described by a continuous distribution of jumping times instead of the usually assumed two-phase model. Measurements on frog muscles (rana esculenta and rana pipiens, gastrocnemius) in the Larmor frequency range 3 kHz to 75 MHz can be understood quantitatively by a log-gaussian distribution, which supports a close relation to protein solutions.
Membrane and Vesicle Formation from Fragments and Proteins of Thylakoids
Authors: Menke Wilhelm , Radunz Alfons , Koenig Friederike
Published: August 2018

Fragments of the thylakoid membrane, obtained by ultrasonication of stroma-freed chloroplasts and subsequent fractioning centrifugation, aggregate in buffer solutions of suitable ionic strength in the pH-range of 6.0-8.5. This aggregation leads to the formation of vesicles and membranes, which may reach a size of up to 0.5 mm. A suspension of the fragments, having an average diameter of 100 Å, is stable in water.

A protein preparation, obtained by treatment of stroma-freed diloroplasts with sodium deoxycholate and subsequent gel filtration, contains 4 % chlorophyll but no detectable amounts of colourless chloroplast lipids, nor deoxycholate. This preparation aggregates in the pH-range of 6.0-7.0 equally to membranes and vesicle-like structures. The solution of this protein, exhibiting a molecular weight of 600 000, is stable in water.

The proteins of both preparations are not denatured and both preparations exhibit photochemical reactions.
Bacteriophage Conjugates: The Effect of Coupling Reaction and Specific Antibodies on the Kinetics of Inactivation and Reactivation
Authors: Mossmann Horst , Hammer Dietrich K.
Published: August 2018

The reaction of bacteriophage T4 with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene resulted in a covalent binding of 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) determinants to the phage. From the kinetics of inactivation reflecting the coupling process it is concluded that attachment of more than one DNP group to the critical site(s) of the phage is required for inactivation (multi-hit reaction). Contrary to this the neutralization of DNP-T4 by anti-DNP antibody turned out to be a first order reaction, until 80 %> neutralization fitting one-hit kinetics.

If compared with native T4, the susceptibility of DNP-T4 to neutralization by anti-T4 antibody is considerably higher, indicating that attachment of DNP groups to T4 amplifies the sensitivity to neutralization by anti-T4. Comparing neutralization kinetics of DNP-T4 and native T4 by anti-DNP-T4 antibody it is suggested that native determinants and DNP groups, as well as determinants resulting from alteration due to the coupling process, all together may contribute as targets for neutralization. Three characteristics strengthen the view that the velocity of T4 conjugates in infecting the host strain is markedly decreased if compared with that of native T4: (a) considerable discrepancy between direct plating and decision technique (b) increasing variety of plaque size and (c) decreased velocity of the first step of reproduction. The kinetics of neutralization observed can be reconciled with a model proposed by Krummel and Uhr. The kinetics of reactivation of neutralized DNP-T4 by the presence cf DNP-BSA has been investigated and the problems involved in the reaction are discussed.
The Lipid Composition of Rabies Virus
Authors: Diringers H. , Kulas H.-P. , Schneider L. G. , Schlumberger H. D.
Published: August 2018

The lipid composition of the Flury HEP strain of rabies virus grown in BHK 21/C 13 cells was determined. The dried purified virus preparation contains 5.5 % neutral and 19.5 % polar lipids. Cholesterol was found to be the major neutral lipid. Phopholipids constitute 11.2 %; and glycolipids represent 4.6 % of the virus mass. The residual 3.7 % of extracted polar lipid material could not be accounted for by any known lipids. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin are the main constituents of the viral phospholipids. Hema- toside is the only ganglioside and the main glycolipid present in the virus. The glycolipids of the host cell and the virus are identical. The molar ratio of sphingolipids to glycerophospho-lipids is 0.8.
The Secondary Structure of Proteins in the Thylakoid Membrane
Authors: Menke Wilhelm , Hirtz Rolf-Dieter
Published: August 2018

With reference spectra derived from proteins of known structure (CHEN, YANG, and MARTINEZ, Biochemistry 11, 4120 [1972]) a better approximation of the circular dichroism spectrum of fragments of the thylakoid membrane is achieved, than by the use of polylysine as reference substance. Most probably the protein in the thylakoid membrane consists of 40 per cent helix, 42 per cent random coil and 18 per cent β-structure.
Zur Deutung der Karzinogenität aus dem UV-Spektrum von 3.4 - Benzpyren und 1.2-Benzpyren / Interpretation of Carcinogenesis from UV-Spectra of 3,4 - Benzpyrene and 1,2-Benzpyrene
Authors: Popp Fritz A.
Published: August 2018

The comparsion of the experimental UV-spectra of 3,4-BP and 1,2-BP requires a possible coupling of pure a~ and p-states for 3,4-BP through an asymmetric potential in the order of thermal energy.

The former postulated resonance hypothesis of carcinogenesis is supported with the obvious assumption that the energy change of a- and of the carcinogen with the bioreceptor.
Neue Pigmente vom Flavomannin-Typ aus Cortinarius vitellinus (Agaricales)
Authors: Steglich Wolfgang , Töpfer-Petersen Edda
Published: August 2018

The structure of the yellow main pigment of Cortinarius vitellinus has been established as 4-hydroxy-flavomannin-6,6′-dimethyl ether A1 (1). 1 is easily oxidized to a number of quinones, whose structures have been elucidated by mass spectrometry. A nomenclature for stereoisomeric flavomannin derivatives is proposed.
Methode zur Differenzierung insulinähnlicher Aktivitäten am trypsin-behandelten Rattendiaphragma / Method to Differentiate Insulin-like Activities in Rat-diaphragm
Authors: Stock Wieland
Published: August 2018

An in-vitro-method is described, which allows for a temporary suspension of the insulin sensibility of rat-diaphragm by treatment with trypsin. The time, during which insulin shows no effects (20-30 min), is used to test compounds which may or may not have insulin-like activity. If their activity doesn’t disappear, one may believe that the activity of the compounds in question is independent of the receptor.
Influence of Environment on the Photooxidation of Tryptophan with the Carcinogenic Hydrocarbon 3,4-Benzopyrene in Aqueous Solutions of Soap, Caffeine, and Urea
Authors: Reske Günter , Bauer Horst
Published: August 2018

The solvent dependence of the photooxidation of tryptophan and 3,4-benzopyrene in aqueous solutions was studied by quantum yield measurements. When the hydrocarbon is dissolved in aqueous solution of caffeine, the quantum yields indicate a 3,4-benzopyrene photosensitized trypto­ phan oxidation instead of a photocooxidation, which is indicated in aqueous solution of sodium dodecylsulfate. The same photosensitized oxidation as in caffeine solution is observed, when urea (6 ᴍ) is added to the soap solution, while the fluorescence and absorption spectra indicate no change in the solvation state of the hydrocarbon, comparable to the change from hydrophobic solubilization by the detergent to dipole - induced dipole complex solubilization by caffeine. It is concluded that the difference in the reaction pathways is caused by different solvation states of the excited or reacting oxygen. In the discussion of the results it is referred to reactions of inhibitors.
Vacuolar Membranes: Isolation from Yeast Cells
Authors: Wilden W. van der , Matile Ph. , Schellenberg M. , Meyer J. , Wiemken A.
Published: August 2018

α-Mannosidase was found associated with the vacuolar membranes of yeast. The vacuoles were isolated by flotation from osmotically disrupted spheroplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzyme was used as marker for isolating vacuolar membrane fragments directly from whole cells which were mechanically disintegrated. Over 90% of the total α-mannosidase was recovered in the particulate fraction. The enzyme was present in all of the fractions obtained upon differential centrifugation. Density gradient centrifugation in Urografin (5 - 20% w/v) of preparations obtained by differential centrifugation between 20 000 and 50 000 × g did not result in density equilibrium of the membrane. An isolation procedure involving a sedimentation velocity cut in Urografin gradients has, therefore, been worked out.
Isochrysophanol-8-methyläther und 5-Hydroxydigitolutein, zwei neue Anthrachinone aus Digitalis viridiflora * / Isochrysophanol-8-methyl-ether and 5-Hydroxydigitolutein, Two New Anthraquinones from Digitalis viridiflora *
Authors: Imre Sedat
Published: August 2018

Digitolutein and two new anthraquinones were isolated from the roots of Digitalis viridiflora. The chemical structure of the new anthraquinones (V7 , V8) was established to be isodirysophanol- 8-methyl-ether and 5-hydroxydigitolutein by IR, NMR and mass spectra and by comparison with synthetic sample (V7) . The drug contains ten minor pigments besides these major pigments.
Ein Receptorprotein für das Juvenilhormonanaloge 10.11-Epoxy-6.7-trans-2.3-trans-farnesylpropenyläther aus den Epidermiszellen der Puppen von Tenebrio molitor L. / A Receptor Protein for the Juvenile Hormone Analogue 10,11-Epoxy-6,7-trans-2,3-trans-farnesylpropenylether from the Epidermis Cells of the Pupae of Tenebrio molitor L.
Authors: Schmialek Peter , Borowski Marina , Geyer Astrid , Miosga Verena , Nündel Michael , Rosenberg Eckehard , Zapf Burger
Published: August 2018

A receptor protein was isolated from the epidermis cells of the pupae of Tenebrio molitor L. The affinity constant of the complex of this receptor protein and a juvenile hormone analogue was found to be 4.4 · 1010 l/mole. Its molecular weight is about 3.5·105. The isoelectric point is 4.4.
Fate of T4 Phage DNA in Seedlings of Matthiola incana
Authors: Rebel Waltraud , Hemleben Vera , Seyffert W.
Published: August 2018

After uptake of native T4 phage DNA in seedlings of Matthiola incana this DNA is integrated as a double-stranded fraction with higher density than the unaltered phage DNA and the bulk of plant DNA.
Hydrogen Bonds between Sexual Hormones and Nucleobases: NMR Investigations *§
Authors: Schimmack Wolfgang , Lohmann Wolfgang
Published: August 2018

The hydrogen-bonded complexes of 17 α-ethinyl-estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone with adenine- and uracil-derivatives have been investigated by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy using deutero-chloroform as a solvent. The thermodynamic and NMR-parameters (equilibrium constant K, enthalpy ΔH, entropy ΔS, and relative chemical shift of the complexes ΔδC) for selfassociation and mixed association have been determined. The strongest complex was formed by the phenolic hydroxyl group of estradiol with dimethyl-adenine (K = 14 mole- 1 , - ΔH = i kcal/mole, - ΔS = 8 cal/m ole-grad). The values were considerably less for the OH-17 group of estradiol and testosterone. The interaction of the keto groups of progesterone and testo sterone with nucleobases was very weak: K < 1 .0 mole- 1 . The biological importance of these results is discussed.
Electron Spin Resonance of Free Radicals and Radical Pairs in Irradiated Single Crystal of 1-Methyluracil
Authors: Flossmann Wolfgang , Hüttermann Jürgen , Müller Adolf , Westhof Eric
Published: August 2018

Radical formation by irradiation with X-rays in single crystals of 1-methyluracil has been measured using ESR-spectroscopy at 9.5 GHz and 35 GHz. When irradiating and measuring at 77 °K radicals characterized by hydrogen abstraction from the methyl group were found to be predominating. For the hyperfine splittings principal values of 8.5 G, 18.2 G, 30.5 G were found for both α-protons and 3.3 G, 2.4 G, 1.7 G for the N (1)-splitting. Pairs of abstraction radicals were also found under these conditions showing quintet splittings of about 10 G and anisotropic dipolar coupling. Average distances parallel to c of 6.3 Å and 6.5 Å were found for two types of pairs while those perpendicular to c were not analyzed in detail. Irradiating and measuring at room temperature an additional sextet pattern was found in the spectrum and attributed to a radical formed by addition of hydrogen at C (5). For the hyperfine splittings principal values of 8.1 G, 17.5 G, 30.0 G were found for the α-proton and 31.2 G, 34.4 G, 34.1 G for the two equivalent β-protons. Radical concentrations were determined at 77 °K yielding about 90% abstraction radical, 15% of these in pairs and 10% of addition radical. About half of the abstraction radicals are converted to addition radicals between 200 °K and 280 °K. The latter disappear at about 460 °K leaving a fraction of abstraction radicals which is annealed at even higher temperatures.
Control by Phytochrome of Glutathione Reductase Levels in the Mustard Seedling
Authors: Drum H. , Mohr H.
Published: August 2018

The time-courses of the level of glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) were followed in cotyledons and hypocotyl of the developing mustard seedling in the dark and under the influence of light (phytochrome). Localization of GR on polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis columns indicate that 2 isoenzym es of GR are present in both organs under all experimental conditions. GR can be induced by light (phytochrome) in the cotyledons; however, there is no influence of light (phytochrome) on the time-course of the level of GR in the hypocotyl. While the actual lag-phase of the response in the cotyledons is less than 6 hours (onset of light at 48 hours) there is no detectable effect of light on apparent GR synthesis before approx. 42 hours after sowing. Irrespective of the onset of light (at 24 or 36 hours after sowing) the time-course of the enzyme level remains precisely the same. A red pulse given at 24 hours after sowing leads to an increase of the enzyme level as determined 60 hours later. T he effect of the red pulse is fully reversed by a far-red light pulse given at 24 hours but not 12 hours later. Facts of this kind have led to the concept of a stable inter­ mediate in the chain of regulatory events between phytochrome (P fr) and GR increase. No in d i­ cations of a coordinated, simultaneous induction by phytochrom e of GR and ascorbate oxidase (AO) could be found. This result does not support the concept that a respiratory chain exists in which AO functions as a terminal oxidase.
Gap and Low-Resistance Junctions between Cells in Culture
Authors: Hülser Dieter F. , Demsey Anthony
Published: August 2018

Established lines of both fibroblastoid and epithelioid cells have been investigated by electro-physiological and freeze-fracture methods. Between the ionically coupled (by "low-resistance junctions") fibroblastoid cells numerous gap junctions were found. Between the non-coupled epithelioid cells gap junctions could not be detected.
A Simplified Procedure for Large Scale Preparation of Purified Animal DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase
Authors: Schmincke C. D. , Hausen P.
Published: August 2018

A procedure is described for obtaining DNA-dependent RNA polymerase form B from calf thymus in high purity. The procedure includes homogenization in low salt, sedimentation of chromatin at 50 000 x g, adsorption to DEAE-cellulose in a batch procedure, DNA-agarose chromato­graphy, and chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex. Analyses of the preparation by band sedimentation and gel-electrophoresis indicate a high purity of the enzyme.
The Membrane ATPase of the (Mg, Ca)-ATPase-Mutant 12, strain AN 120
Authors: Günther Theodor , Mariß Gert
Published: August 2018

The activity of the membrane ATPase of the (Mg, C a)-ATPase-mutant E. coli K 12 strain AN 120 is reduced to about 5 - 50% of the wildtype ATPase. The reduction is greatest at pH 9.1 and a ratio of Mg, or Ca to ATP of 1 :5 , and smallest at pH 7.5 and 9.1 and a ratio of Mg or Ca to ATP of 1 or more.
Anreicherung der Leber-N-Acetyltransferase durch präparative Polyacrylamidgel-Elektrophorese und Bestimmung des Molekulargewichts /Purification of Human Liver Serotonin-/Isoniazid-N-Acetyltransferase by Preparative Polyacrylamidgel-Electrophoresis and Determination of Molecular Weight
Authors: Schulte Ernst , Schloot Werner , Goedde H. Werner
Published: August 2018

Human liver N-acetyltransferase was purified by means of column chromatography on Sephadex G-100 (18 fold; yield: 60-70%) and preparative disc electrophoresis (40 fold; yield: 95 - 100%). A separation of the hypothetical “serotonin-N-acetyltransferase” and “INH-N-acetyltransferase” on the basis of a possible difference of the charge of the proteins could not be achieved (disc electrophoresis). Thus the assumption is confirmed that INH and Serotonin are substrates of one enzyme.

The activity of N-acetyltransferase can be stabilized by adding thioglycolate, 2-mercaptoethanol, and cysteine. In some cases an activation of 100 to 200% could be observed.

A molecular weight of about 26 500 was determined by the method of column chromatography on Sephadex as well as by calculating the sedimentation coefficient.

Enzymes prepared by different procedures showed similar Kм-values.
De novo Synthesis of Glucose-6-Phosphate- (E.C. 1.1.1.49) and 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.44) in Plant Storage Tissue Slices
Authors: Kahl Günter
Published: August 2018

Resting potato tuber tissue possesses only faint activity of the two dehydrogenases of the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle, glucose-6-phosphate- and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. Slicing of the tissue, however, greatly enhances the action of both enzymes. The slicing-induced increase in activity is a consequence of intensified action of at least 5 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase isozymes and a more differentiated activation/inactivation of seven 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase isozymes.

Using density labelling and isopycnic equilibrium centrifugation it could be demonstrated, that the bulk of both enzymes appearing after slicing the tissue is the result of de novo synthesis rather than activation of pre-existing proenzymes.
Plasma Prostaglandins of the E and F Series in Rabbits during Fever Induced by Newcastle Disease Virus, E. coli-Endotoxin, or Endogenous Pyrogen
Authors: Philipp-Dormston W , Siegert R
Published: August 2018

Prostaglandins of the E and F series in rabbit plasma were estimated by radioimmunoassay after chromatographic separation during fever following the intravenous injection of Newcastle disease virus, E. coli-endotoxin, or endogenous pyrogen. Although concentrations of prostaglandins from both series are increased considerably by the three pyrogens, there seemed to be no correlation between prostaglandin concentrations in plasma and body temperature. These findings were supported by the fact, that after the injection of tritiated prostaglandin E1 into the carotid arteries of normal or feverish animals no radioactivity was detectable in cerebrospinal fluid. The enhanced prostaglandin concentrations in plasma night be responsible for various pathological effects observed during fever such as diarrhoea and abortion.
Iridoids and Ecdysones from Verbenaceae, V1
Authors: Rimpler Horst , Timm Helmut
Published: August 2018

Lamiid and three new iridoids have been isolated from Duranta repens. The new compounds - durantosid I (2), I I (3) and I I I (4) - are shown to be esters of lamiid with cinnamic acid, 4-methoxy-cinnamic acid and 3,4-dimethoxy-cinnamic acid respectively. The position of the cinnamoyl-groups has been determined by NMR-and mass spectrometry.
Molecular Complexes between Methoxyamphetamines and Riboflavin Derivatives
Authors: Sung Ming-ta , Parker John A.
Published: August 2018

Molecular complexes in the ratio 1:1 were formed in aqueous solution between various methoxysubstituted phenylisopropylamine (amphetamine) hydrochloride or oxalate salts and riboflavin deri­vatives (flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide). The association constants for these complexes were determined by the fluorescence quenching method as well as by the absorption method. The nature of the complex formation may be due to charge-transfer, electron-transfer, electrostatic and hydrophobic forces. The steric effect also plays an important role in the complex formation. The absorption wavelength and association constant of the complexes are correlated with the published biological activities of the methoxyamphetamines.
Studies on the Chemical Modification of Trypsin
Authors: Ahmad S. I.
Published: August 2018

Dibenamine, Trypsin Dibenamine (N ,N-dibenzyl-β-chloroethylamine) a potent adrenergic blocking agent inhibits trypsin in an irreversible manner. Electrophoresis and peptide mapping (finger printing) have shown significant changes in the number of peptides and their mobility.
Eine Methode zur qualitativen und quantitativen Bestimmung von drei Juvenilhormonen von Insekten
Authors: Trautmann K. H. , Schuler A. , Suchý M. , Wipf H.-K.
Published: August 2018

A method is presented permitting the qualitative and quantitative determination of all three presently known hormones (JH1-3). The determination is based on the method of radioactive isotope dilution, whereby a very small known amount of tritium-labelled JH-1 is added to the ether extract of the particular species. The addition of radioactive JH-1 permits the isolation of all three hormones, because of their similar behaviour during the chosen work up.

The quantitative determination was carried out by gas chromatography and the identification was confirmed with the help of retention-times and GC-MS combination. The method was checked by using an extract of Hyalophora cecropia. For the first time methyl 10,11-epoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-2-trans-6-trans-dodecadienoate (JH-3) could also be identified as the juvenile hormone of Melo­lontha melolontha. In Vanessa io larvae, Tenebrio molitor larvae and adults and in Musca domestica larvae none of the three known hormones could be detected.

The preparation of JH-1 labelled with tritium in the methyl group of the ester was accomplished with very high specific activity (4.34 Ci/mmol) of the tritiated acid with diazomethane.
Die Bestimmung der Saisonaufnahme von 131J durch Erbsenkeimlinge unter konstanten Wachstumsbedingungen mittels der Radio­ indikatormethode / Variations in the Uptake of 131J by Pea Seedlings in Constant Conditions
Authors: Liptáková Gizela
Published: August 2018

It has been established that the uptake of radioactivity showed seasonal variations, although the experimental material was being cultivated all the year through in the same growth conditions in an airconditionned laboratory. Changes of the freshweight of the organs were also observed, but they were less than those in the uptake of radioactivity.
Bürzeldrüsensekrete von Spechten (Piciformes) / The Uropygial Gland Secretion of Woodpeckers (Piciformes)
Authors: Jacob Jürgen , Poltz Jens
Published: August 2018

The uropygial gland secretion of the blade (Dryocopus martius) and the green woodpecker (Picus viridis) is a mixture of monoester waxes. These are composed mainly of 3-methyl-branched fatly acids and n-and well as 3-methyl-alkanols. Besides 3,x-dimethyl-and 3,7,11-trimethyl-sub-stituted fatty acids and monomethyl-branched alcohols with anteiso configuration and 3,x-dimethyl-substituted alkanols occur (x = 7,9,11,13,15,17).
Die biologische Bedeutung eines basischen Proteins (BBSP) aus dem Seminalplasma des Rindes / The Biological Significance of a Basic Protein (BBSP) from the Seminalplasma of the Bull
Authors: Gladigau V. , Ruhenstroth-Bauer G.
Published: August 2018

1. The mean concentration of BBSP in the seminal bull plasma is 1.53 ± 0.30 mg/ml. This concentration decreases about 40% after 14 days storage at 4 °C.

2. There is only a small correlation between the concentration of BBSP in the seminalplasma and its fertilization capacity.

3. An artificial doubling of the normal BBSP concentration does not change the results of an artificial insemination.

4. The genital tract of bull has been investigated with immunofluorescent antibodies on the presence of BBSP. The results were negative.

5. Exprimed sperm from tail of epididymis didn't show fluorescence after treatment with cor­ respondent antibodies. However washed ejaculated sperms had a distinct fluorescence in the middle piece. After incubation of washed sperms with BBSP containing seminal plasma the entire surface of the sperms showed an additional immunofluorescence.

6. From this it is concluded that BBSP develops or is concentrated in the middle piece of sperms during its stay in the head of the epididymis. During the ejaculation a portion of the sperms is destroyed and therefore BBSP enters the seminalplasma. The sperms contain on the whole surface strongly negatively charged groups especially neuraminic acids. The BBSP binds to these groups. So the electrophoretic mobility of ejaculated sperms is reduced.

7. The BBSP has a strong leukotactic activity. This is the probable reason for the phagocytotie activity of seminal plasma.
Stabilities of Vanadyl Complexes with Methionine, Phenylalanine, and Threonine
Authors: Sekhon B.S. , Chopra S.L.
Published: August 2018

Stepwise formation constants corresponding to 1:1 vanadyl complexes with methionine, phenylalanine and threonine have been determined at 25 °C, and at various ionic concentrations, viz. 0.01, 0.1 and 0.3 ᴍ , maintained by the addition of potassium chloride solution. Thermodynamic stability constants have been obtained by extrapolation of log K values to zero ionic strength. Logarithms of the overall stability constants (log K (u = 0)) are 7.72 for methionine, 7.70 for phenyl­alanine and 7.44 for threonine complexes. The corresponding free energy changes (⊿G0) are - 10.53, - 10.51, - 10.15 kcal-mol-1 respectively.
Zum Vorkommen von δ-Amyrenon in Alnus-Arten / On the Occurrence of (δ-Amyrenone in Alnus-Species
Authors: Wollenweber Eckhard
Published: August 2018

δ-Amyrenon, known previously as constituent of leaves in the genus Alnus, is shown to form an important part of the triterpenoid excretions on buds of various alder-trees.
Über den Abbau von Chalkonen und Isoflavonen in pflanzlichen Zellsuspensionskulturen / Degradation of Chalcones and Isoflavones in Plant Cell Suspension Cultures
Authors: Berlin Jochen , Kiss Peter , Müller-Enoch Dieter , Gierse Dieter , Barz Wolfgang , Janistyn Boris
Published: August 2018

Cell suspension culture of Phaseolus aureus, Glycine max and Pisum sativum have been used to determine the extent of chalcone and isoflavone catabolism.

The A-rings of calcones and isoflavones with both resorcinol and phloroglucinol pattern of sub­stitution have unequivocally been shown to be degraded as measured by carbon dioxide production The earlier described catabolic pathway of chalcones with the B-ring liberated as a substituted benzoic acid has been verified using another chalcone.

With the use of various 14C-labelled isoflavones it could be demonstrated that essentially all carbon atoms are introduced into catabolic reactions.

Incorporation of 4',7-dihydroxyisoflavone (daidzein) into insoluble polymeric material has been shown to proceed via the 3',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone. 3'-Hydroxylation and subsequent polymeri­sation of the orto-dihydroxy compound can completely be inhibited by using anaerobic conditions which favour glucoside formation instead. 4'-O-Methylgroups in isoflavones prevent the phenolase catalzyed 3'-hydroxylation and thus the incorporation of isoflavones into polymeric structures. 6,7-Dihydroxy substituted insoflavones when fed to cell cultures are not polymerized by phenolase but are rather converted to glycosides.
Secondary Ion Microanalysis of Fluorine in Apatites of Biological Interest
Authors: Petersson L.G. , Frostell G. , Lodding A.
Published: August 2018

A Cameca IMS 300 ion analyzer has been used to measure fluorine concentrations in tooth material. Samples of human and shark teeth were studied. Negative oxygen primary ions produce secondary mass spectra in which positive as well as negative fluorine ion peaks are well re­ presented. With constant measuring conditions, the reproducibility of the F/Ca ion ratios is satisfactory. Fluorine concentrations in the 10 ppm region are easily recorded. By means of samples previously measured by macroscopic F-determining methods, a calibration can be effected to obtain, from the ion current ratios, at least semiquantitative values of F-concentrations.

In a sample of human enamel, the F-concentration was found to vary from about 3000 ppm at the surface to about 100 ppm in the interior. In shark enamel the composition at the surface cor­ responded to nearly saturated fluorapatite, 3.6% F, but the fluorine concentration decreased distinctly at increasing depth.
Isolation of Infectious DNA from Avian Myeloblastosis Virus Transformed Leukemic Cells
Authors: Ogura Hajime , Friis Robert R. , Bauer Heinz
Published: August 2018

Chick helper factor (chf) negative chick embryo cells were exposed in the presence of DEAE-dextran to chromosomal DNA isolated from avian leukemic myeloblasts which had been induced by infection with the BAI-A strain of avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV) (subgroup B) . After several transfers, avian C-type virus production was observed in the cultures with electron micro­ scopy, although no alteration in the cell morphology was apparent.

Virus interference tests revealed that this virus was infectious and belonged to subgroup B of the avian RNA toumor virus (ATV) group. The virus induced nephroblastomas 2 months after intraperitoneal inoculation of chickens; no myeloblastosis was observed, however, and the virus could neither transform chick embryo cells in vitro nor induce wing web tumors in vivo. The nephroblastomas also produced virus which was again shown to be a member of subgroup B. From these results it was concluded that the virus transmitted in these experiments was avian myeloblastosis associated virus (MAV), an avian leukosis virus known to be present as a major component in AMV stocks.
Endgültige Struktur der Cascaroside A, B, C, D von Rhamnus purshianus D.C. / The structure of the Cascarosides A, B, C, D from Rhamnus purshianus D.C.
Authors: Wagner Hildebert , Demuth Günter
Published: August 2018

The final structure of the Cascarosides A, B, C, D from Rhamnus purshianus D. C. was clearified by chemical and optical methods.
Influence of a Magnetic Field on the UV-sensitivity in Yeast
Authors: Schaarschmidt B. , Lamprecht I. , Müller K.
Published: August 2018

Saccharomyces cells were grown in a 58 000 A/cm magnetic field and then exposed to UV-irradiation. An increase of the survival rate is observed. The application of magnetic field just after UV-exposure shows a decreased survival.
Resistance Changes Associated with the Response of Insect Monopolar Neurons
Authors: Laughlin S. B
Published: August 2018

Intracellular recordings from the dragonfly lamina show that the light initiated hyperpolarising response of large monopolar cells (LMC's) is associated with a resistance decrease. The response reversal potential is at least 40 mV negative to the dark resting potential. The adaptation of the response to a maintained stimulus is associated with a decrease in hyperpolarising input.
Synthese einer Partialsequenz aus dem aktiven Zentrum der Streptokokken-Protease (EC 3.4.22.10), V / Synthesis of a Fragment of the Active Center of the Streptococcal Proteinase, V
Authors: Schaich Eugen , Schneider Friedhelm
Published: August 2018

The synthesis of the protected peptides Boc-Val-Ala-Thr-Ala-Thr-Ala-Gln-Ile-OH and Thr-Ala-Gln-Ile-Met-Lys(Z)-NH2 is described. These sequences are fragments of an active center peptide of the streptococcal proteinase (EC 3.4.22.10)
The Modification of Actomyosin ATPase Activity by Tropomyosin-Troponin and its Dependence on Ionic Strength, ATP-Concentration, and Actin-Myosin Ratio
Authors: Daneker Peter
Published: August 2018

At millimolar concentrations of ATP the ATPase activity of regulated actomyosin (which consisted of myosin and of actin containing the regulatory proteins tropomyosin and troponin) was lower than that of unregulated actomyosin (containing actin devoid of the regulatory proteins) when the ionic strength was high (> 0 .0 3 ᴍ KCl). At low ionic strength (0.03 ᴍ KCl) the ATPase activity of regulated actomyosin was similar to or even higher than that of unregulated acto­ myosin. Besides increasing ionic strength an increasing actin-myosin ratio tended to depress the ATPase activity of regulated actomyosin below that of unregulated one. At lower ATP concen­ trations (0.1 mᴍ or lower) the ATPase activity of regulated actomyosin was higher than that of unregulated actomyosin at any ionic strength and at any actin-myosin ratio. EGTA inhibited the ATPase of regulated actomyosin under any conditions at high ATP concentrations. At lower ATP concentrations EGTA inhibited either at higher ionic strength or at a higher actin-myosin ratio. The inhibition of the ATPase activity of acto-HMM by increasing ionic strength was not in­ fluenced by the regulatory proteins. - For the interpretation of these results it has been assumed that in actomyosin regulated actin can adopt three states: A low-affinity state which activates the ATPase of myosin only slightly (occurring at high ATP concentrations and in the absence of Ca2+), a high affinity state which activates the ATPase of myosin better than does unregulated actin (occurring at low concentrations of ATP and in the presence of Ca2+), and an intermediate state. This latter state (occurring at high concentrations of ATP and in the presence of Ca2+ or at low concentrations of ATP and in the absence of Ca2+) activates the ATPase of myosin less than does unregulated actin when the actin-myosin ratio is high (wide spacing of myosin on the actin filaments) but activates more (or at least not less) when the actin-myosin ratio is low (dense spacing of myosin on the actin filaments)
Flavonoide aus Rhus salicifolia / Flavonoids from Rhus salicifolia
Authors: Wollenweber Eckhard
Published: August 2018

Leaf-extract of Rhus salicifolia is shown to contain, besides myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol, the rare myricetinmethylethers syringetin and europetin and the quercetin-methylethers ombuin and rhamnetin. The structures are proved by spectral analysis (UV, MS, NMR) and by cochromato­ graphy with authentic substances
Metabolisierung von 3.4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyd und 3.4-Dimeth- oxybenzoesäure in der isoliert perfundierten Rattenleber / Metabolism of 3,4-Dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic Acid in Perfused Rat Liver
Authors: Müller-Enoch D. , Thomas H. , Holzmann P. , Haider K. , Harms H.
Published: August 2018

Isolated rat livers were perfused with 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde and 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, which were 14C-labelled in the m eta-and/or para-configurated methoxy group. Because the aldehyde group was completely oxydized to the carboxylic acid, the perfusions with 3,4-dimethoxybenzalde­ hyde and those with 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid exhibited principally the same results. After per­ fusion with a 1:1 mixture of (4 -O -[14C]methyl)-and (3 -O -[14C]methyl)-3,4-dimethoxybenzalde­ hyde, each of which had the same specific activity, thin layer chromatography of an extract of the perfusate revealed both radioactive 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid and radioactive 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid as demethylation products. The distribution of radioactivity between these two metabolites was determined as 20:1. Thus, demethylation of the 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl com­pound occurs preferentially at the para-configurated methoxy group. After perfusion with a mixture of (4-O-[14C] methyl) -and (3 -O -[14C] methyl) -3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid under identical conditions the distribution of radioactivity of the named demethylation products was determined as 15:1.

After perfusion with (4 -O -[14C] methyl) -3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde or (4-O -[14C] methyl)-3,4-di-methoxybenzoic acid alone, extracts of the perfusates revealed the expected radioactive 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid. In addition it was found, that the 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid pro­ duced contained small quantities of radioactivity. From these results it may be infered that an interconversion between 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-and 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid has occured. The identification of the metabolites, separated by thin-layer chromatography, was performed by the reversed isotope dilution technique
Über direktm arkierungen mittels der reaktion 14n (n,p)14c: mikrobielle gewinnung radiochemisch reiner verbindungen aus bestrahlten purin- und benzimidazol-basen / direct labeling by means of 14n (n ,p )14c: microbial production of radiochemical pure compounds with irradiated purine and benzimidazole bases
Authors: Miiller Otto , Alkan Meric , Rapp Ursula
Published: August 2018

14C-labeling by means of neutron irradiation of nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds such as benzimidazoles and purines has been studied. The isolation of radiochemical pure compounds was realised by a microbiological method using P . sherm anii. This microorganism utilizes benzimida­ zoles and purines for the base moiety of vitamin B12 ana­ logues, which were isolated and degradated. Microbiological methods seem to provide and excellent tool not only for checking specific radioactivity but also for the isolation of radiochemical pure compounds
Eine chromatographische Analysenm ethode für B etalainfarbstoffe in Pilzen und höheren Pflanzen * / Chrom atographie Analysis of Betalaine Pigments in Toadstools and Higher Plants
Authors: Döpp H , Musso H
Published: August 2018

A simple chromatographic procedure for the separation of betalaine pigments is described. The betalaines of Amanita muscaria, A . caesarea and A . flavoconia are compared and the composition of several musca-aurins is given