bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative Performance of Four Staging Classifications to Select «High-Risk» Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Elaldi Roxane , Chamorey Emmanuel , Schiappa Renaud , Sudaka Anne , Anjuère Fabienne , Villarmé Agathe , Culié Dorian , Bozec Alexandre , Montaudié Henri , Poissonnet Gilles
Published: June 2023

Background: Many classifications exist to select patients with “high-risk” head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (HNCSCC). Objective: To compare the performance of the Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH) classification with the performance of the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th Edition (AJCC8), the Union for International Cancer Control 8th Edition (UICC8), and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) classifications. Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, HNCSCC resected in a tertiary care center were classified as “low-risk” or “high-risk” tumors according to the four classifications. Rates of local recurrence (LR), lymph node recurrence (NR), and disease-specific death (DSD) were collected. The performance of each classification was then calculated in terms of homogeneity, monotonicity, and discrimination and compared. Results: Two hundred and seventeen HNCSCC from 160 patients, with a mean age of 80 years, were included. For predicting the risk of any poor outcome and risk of NR, the BWH classification had the best specificity and positive predictive value. However, its concordance index was not significantly higher than that of the AJCC8 and UICC8 classifications. The NCCN classification was the least discriminant. Conclusions and Relevance: This study suggests that the BWH classification is the most appropriate for predicting the risk of poor outcomes in patients with HNCSCC when compared with the NCCN, UICC8, and AJCC8 classifications.
Postsurgical Adhesions: Is There Any Prophylactic Strategy Really Working?
Authors: Flutur Irina-Maria , Păduraru Dan Nicolae , Bolocan Alexandra , Palcău Alexandru Cosmin , Ion Daniel , Andronic Octavian
Published: June 2023

Postoperative adhesions are a frequent complication encountered after surgical procedures, mainly after intraperitoneal interventions. To this day, the pathophysiological mechanism behind the process of adhesions formation is not completely known. There are many strategies proposed as prophylaxis methods, involving surgical techniques, drugs or materials that prevent adhesions and even state of the art technologies such as nanoparticles or gene therapy. The aim of our review is to present these innovative approaches and techniques for postoperative adhesions prevention. After a thorough scientific database query, we selected 84 articles published in the past 15 years that were relevant to our topic. Despite all the recent groundbreaking discoveries, we are at an early stage of understanding the complexity of the adhesion formation mechanism. Further investigations should be made in order to create an ideal product for safe clinical use for prevention.
Detection of Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect and Its Correlation with Structural and Functional Asymmetry in Patients with Glaucoma Using Hitomiru, a Novel Hand-Held Pupillometer
Authors: Nakamura Makoto , Sakamoto Mari , Ueda Kaori , Okuda Mina , Takano Fumio , Yamada-Nakanishi Yuko
Published: June 2023

Patients with asymmetric glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) present a relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) in the eye with more advanced damage. Although useful, pupillometric RAPD quantification is not widely used as it is not portable. Whether asymmetry of the peripapillary capillary perfusion density (CPD) detected using optical coherence tomography angiography correlates with the severity of RAPD remains unknown. This study assessed RAPD in 81 patients with GON using Hitomiru, a novel hand-held infrared binocular pupillometer. The correlation and ability to detect clinical RAPD based on the swinging flash light test of two independent RAPD parameters (the maximum pupil constriction ratio and the constriction maintenance capacity ratio) were assessed. The coefficient of determination (R2) was calculated between each of the two RAPD parameters and asymmetry of the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (cpRNFLT), ganglion cell layer/inner plexiform layer thickness (GCL/IPLT), and CPD. The two RAPD parameters showed a correlation coefficient of 0.86 and areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.85–0.88, with R2 being 0.63–0.67 for the visual field, 0.35–0.45 for cpRNFLT, 0.45–0.49 for GCL/IPLT, and 0.53–0.59 for CPD asymmetry. Hitomiru has high discriminatory performance in detecting RAPD in patients with asymmetric GON. CPD asymmetry may better correlate with RAPD than cpRNFLT and GCL/IPLT asymmetry.
The Direct Anterior Approach (DAA) as a Standard Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) in Coxa Profunda and Protrusio Acetabuli? A Radiographic Analysis of 188 Cases
Authors: Heinz Tizian , Vasilev Hristo , Anderson Philip Mark , Stratos Ioannis , Jakuscheit Axel , Horas Konstantin , Holzapfel Boris Michael , Rudert Maximilian , Weißenberger Manuel
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The direct anterior approach (DAA) represents a well-recognized soft tissue sparing technique for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). The feasibility and suitability of the DAA in cases of complex acetabular deformities, namely coxa profunda (CP) and protrusio acetabuli (PA), remain to be determined. Methods: A total of 188 cases of CP (100 cases) and PA (88 cases) hips undergoing primary THA via the DAA were retrospectively analyzed. Surgical and radiographic parameters were evaluated and potential complications were assessed. Finally, successful implantation was defined if surgical and radiographic parameters were well within established values of non-complex primary THA. Results: In 159 hips, the medial border of the acetabular component was transferred laterally to the ilioischial line, corresponding to a fully treated acetabular protrusion. In 23 (12.23%) cases, mild, and in 5 (2.66%) cases, moderate residual acetabular protrusion remained after THA. Postoperatively, 11.40% (PA group) and 9.00% (CP group) had a leg length discrepancy (LLD) greater than 10 mm. The mean operative time was significantly less than 60 min. A linear relationship between the BMI and operative time was observed, with an additional 0.9 min of operative time per BMI unit. Overall, complications were rare and did not differ between the two groups. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the DAA is a suitable approach for primary THA in patients with coxa profunda and acetabular protrusion if performed by experienced surgeons familiar with the DAA. Obese patients with acetabular protrusion may pose a significant limitation to the DAA and caution should be advised in cases of obesity.
A Novel Irrigation System to Reduce Heat Generation during Guided Implantology: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Parvizi Somayeh , Cameron Andrew , Tadakamadla Santosh , Figueredo Carlos Marcelo S. , Reher Peter
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this in vitro study is to evaluate the effectiveness of incorporating a new irrigation system into a surgical guide and monitor its effect on heat generation during implant bed preparation. A total of 48 surgically guided osteotomies were performed on 12 bovine ribs divided into 4 groups, using different irrigation techniques: Group A (test) had entry and exit channels incorporated into the guide; Group B had a similar design with an entry channel only; Group C had conventional external irrigation; and Group D (control) had no irrigation. Heat generation during the osteotomies was measured using thermocouples placed at a depth of 2 mm and 6 mm. The lowest mean temperature was observed in Group A (22.1 °C at 2 mm and 21.4 °C at 6 mm), which was statistically significant when compared with Groups C and D (p < 0.001). Group A showed a lower mean temperature compared with Group B as well; however, it was statistically significant only at 6 mm depth (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the proposed surgical guide has significantly reduced heat generation during implant osteotomy compared to conventional external irrigation. The integration of an exit cooling channel can resolve limitations found in previously designed surgical guides such as debris blockage and can be easily incorporated into computer designing and 3D printing software.
Integrative Oncology and the Clinical Care Network: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Semeniuk George , Bahadini Bahareh , Ahn Eugene , Zain Jasmine , Cheng Jessica , Govindarajan Ameish , Rose Judy , Lee Richard T.
Published: June 2023

Integrative oncology is a new and growing field of cancer care. Integrative oncology is a patient-centered, evidence-based field of comprehensive cancer care that utilizes integrative therapies such as mind-body practices, acupuncture, massage, music therapy, nutrition, and exercise in collaboration with conventional cancer treatments. Patient interest and utilization has been growing over the past two decades. Clinical research has shown the benefits of these approaches to improving symptom management and quality of life, and is now being incorporated into national guidelines from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO). The availability of these services at cancer centers is growing, although the structure and implementation of integrative oncology remains highly variable. This article discusses the benefits of integrative oncology and provides an overview of the current state of integrative oncology programs nationwide. Current challenges and opportunities for cancer centers to provide integrative services is reviewed in the areas of programmatic structure, clinical service, education, and research.
Chronic Cough and Causes in Children
Authors: Weinberger Miles
Published: June 2023

Coughing is a natural means to clear the airway [...]
Effect of a Physical Exercise Program on the Inflammatory Response, Cardiac Functions, Functional Capacity, and Quality of Life in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Antonelli Rossi Daniele Andreza , De Araujo Junior Jonas Alves , Luvizutto Gustavo José , Bazan Rodrigo , Salmazo Péricles Sidnei , Modolo Gabriel Pinheiro , Hueb João Carlos , Nunes Hélio Rubens de Carvalho , Hokama Newton Key , Minicucci Marcos Ferreira , Roscani Meliza Goi , Zanati Bazan Silméia Garcia
Published: June 2023

Introduction: The beneficial effects of physical exercise on functional capacity and inflammatory response are well-known in cardiovascular diseases; however, studies on sickle cell disease (SCD) are limited. It was hypothesized that physical exercise may exert a favorable effect on the inflammatory response of SCD patients, contributing to an improved quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a regular physical exercise program on the anti-inflammatory responses in SCD patients. Methods: A non-randomized clinical trial was conducted in adult SCD patients. The patients were divided into two groups: 1—Exercise Group, which received a physical exercise program three times a week for 8 weeks, and; 2—Control Group, with routine physical activities. All patients underwent the following procedures initially and after eight weeks of protocol: clinical evaluation, physical evaluation, laboratory evaluation, quality of life evaluation, and echocardiographic evaluation. Statistical analysis: Comparisons between groups were made using Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney test, chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was calculated. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: There was no significant difference in inflammatory response between the Control and Exercise Groups. The Exercise Group showed an improvement in peak VO2 values (p < 0.001), an increase in the distance walked (p < 0.001), an improvement in the limitation domain due to the physical aspects of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) quality of life questionnaire (p = 0.022), and an increase in physical activity related to leisure (p < 0.001) and walking (p = 0.024) in the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). There was a negative correlation between IL-6 values and distance walked on the treadmill (correlation coefficient −0.444, p = 0.020) and the estimated peak VO2 values (correlation coefficient −0.480; p = 0.013) in SCD patients in both groups. Conclusions: The aerobic exercise program did not change the inflammatory response profile of SCD patients, nor did it show unfavorable effects on the parameters evaluated, and patients with lower functional capacity were those with the highest levels of IL-6.
Biomimetic Liquid Crystal-Modified Mesoporous Silica−Based Composite Hydrogel for Soft Tissue Repair
Authors: Li Xiaoling , Wan Lei , Zhu Taifu , Li Ruiqi , Zhang Mu , Lu Haibin
Published: June 2023

The reconstruction of blood vessels plays a critical role in the tissue regeneration process. However, existing wound dressings in tissue engineering face challenges due to inadequate revascularization induction and a lack of vascular structure. In this study, we report the modification of mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs) with liquid crystal (LC) to enhance bioactivity and biocompatibility in vitro. This LC modification facilitated crucial cellular processes such as the proliferation, migration, spreading, and expression of angiogenesis−related genes and proteins in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, we incorporated LC−modified MSN within a hydrogel matrix to create a multifunctional dressing that combines the biological benefits of LC−MSN with the mechanical advantages of a hydrogel. Upon application to full−thickness wounds, these composite hydrogels exhibited accelerated healing, evidenced by enhanced granulation tissue formation, increased collagen deposition, and improved vascular development. Our findings suggest that the LC−MSN hydrogel formulation holds significant promise for the repair and regeneration of soft tissues.
Decellularized Porcine Conjunctiva in Treating Severe Symblepharon
Authors: Shan Fengmei , Feng Xueying , Li Jie , Yang Sha , Wang Fuhua , Shi Weiyun , Zhao Long , Zhou Qingjun
Published: June 2023

This prospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of decellularized porcine conjunctiva (DPC) in the management of severe symblepharon. Sixteen patients with severe symblepharon were enrolled in this study. After symblepharon lysis and Mitomycin C (MMC) application, tarsus defects were covered with residual autologous conjunctiva (AC), autologous oral mucosa (AOM), or DPC throughout the fornix, and DPC was used for all the exposed sclera. The outcomes were classified as complete success, partial success, or failure. Six symblepharon patients had chemical burns and ten had thermal burns. Tarsus defects were covered with DPC, AC, and AOM in two, three, and eleven cases, respectively. After an average follow-up of 20.0 ± 6 months, the anatomical outcomes observed were complete successes in twelve (three with AC+DPC, four with AC+AOM+DPC, and five with AOM+DPC) (75%) cases, partial successes in three (one with AOM+DPC and two with DPC+DPC) (18.75%) cases, and failure in one (with AOM+DPC) (6.25%) case. Before surgery, the depth of the narrowest part of the conjunctival sac was 0.59 ± 0.76 mm (range, 0–2 mm), tear fluid quantity (Schirmer II tests) was 12.5 ± 2.26 mm (range, 10–16 mm), and the distance of the eye rotation toward the opposite direction of the symblepharon was 3.75 ± 1.39 mm (range, 2–7 mm). The fornix depths increased to 7.53 ± 1.64 mm (range, 3–9 mm), eye movement was significantly improved, and the distance of eye movement reaching 6.56 ± 1.24 mm (range, 4–8 mm) 1 month after the operation; the postoperative Schirmer II test (12.06 ± 2.90 mm, range, 6–17 mm) was similar to that before surgery. Goblet cells were finally found in fifteen patients by conjunctival impression cytology in the transplantation area of DPC, except for one patient who failed. DPC could be considered an alternative for ocular surface reconstruction of severe symblepharon. Covering tarsal defects with autologous mucosa is necessary for extensive reconstruction of the ocular surface.
Assessment of Mastery Motivation and Neurodevelopment of Young Children at High Risk for Developmental Delays
Authors: Blasco Patricia , Saxton Sage , Gullion Lily Marie , Oo Tun Zaw , Amukune Stephen , Józsa Krisztián
Published: June 2023

Young children’s mastery motivation and neurodevelopmental evaluation can contribute to overall early assessment for early intervention evaluation. At present, children born preterm (<37 weeks gestation) and with a low birth weight (LBW; <2500 g) are at increased risk of experiencing developmental delays and more nuanced cognitive and language challenges. The main objective of this exploratory study was to examine the connection between preterm children’s mastery motivation and their neurodevelopment, as well as to determine whether assessing mastery motivation can enhance assessment practices for early intervention (EI) programs. Parents of children born preterm completed the revised Dimensions of Mastery Motivation Questionnaire (DMQ18). Neurodevelopment was measured on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III). Results revealed significant correlations between DMQ18 and BSID-III measures. Multivariate analysis showed that infants and toddlers born with a very low birth weight (VLBW; <1500 g) scored significantly lower on the infant DMQ18 and the BSID-III measures. Regression analyses revealed that birth weight and home environment were significant predictors of the children’s eligibility for EI programs. Infants’ social persistence with other children, gross motor persistence, and mastery pleasure, as well as toddlers’ objective cognitive persistence, social persistence with adults, gross motor persistence, mastery pleasure, and negative reaction to frustration, were important markers for evidenced-based practices in EI programs. This study demonstrates the utility of the DMQ18 as a contributory assessment measure and the importance of birth weight and home environment in predicting EI enrollment.
Evaluating the Applicability of Mainstream Wave Energy Converters in the South China Sea
Authors: Wan Yong , Feng Xiaoshun , Zhang Wen
Published: June 2023

Based on the past ten years of ERA5 wave field data, this study analyzed the distribution of wave energy resources in the coastal waters of each province around the South China Sea. In view of the single resource evaluation method, a regional classification method was established that comprehensively considered the three factors that impact wave energy resource reserves, the suitable water depth of the wave energy conversion device, and the device layout mode that affects energy absorption efficiency. From this information, the locations of key deployment stations around the coastal provinces were determined. Additionally, the CRITIC method was used to build indicators that can comprehensively evaluate the performance of different devices, and the most suitable devices for deployment in the five provinces were identified. The wave energy propagation direction of each key station was analyzed. The results show that the wave energy propagation direction of each station is relatively concentrated, which is convenient since this helps the device absorb and utilize energy more efficiently. Finally, the power generation performance and economic benefits of each key station’s most suitable device were analyzed. This article provides an assessment of the applicability of mainstream wave energy conversion devices in the nearshore area of the South China Sea, which is of great significance for the development and utilization of wave energy resources in the South China Sea’s nearshore waters. It provides a scientific basis for the selection, deployment, operation, and other practical operations of the follow-up devices in the South China Sea, as well as the power generation performance and economic benefits of the devices.
Hydrodynamic Tests of Innovative Tourist Submarine
Authors: Parunov Joško , Pedišić-Buča Marta , Gatin Inno , Ćatipović Ivan
Published: June 2023

This paper deals with the resistance, towing, seakeeping, and open water propeller tests of an innovative tourist submarine model. Tests were performed in a 276 m long towing tank. As the submarine model is a complex structure composed of various parts attached to the pressure hull, the largest possible model, in the scale of 1:5.0, was produced, considering the towing tank depth and the capabilities of the measurement equipment. Resistance tests were performed in deep water and on the surface in calm water. The tested speed range in both cases was up to 5.5 knots. To ensure the avoidance of free surface effects, resistance tests in deep water were performed for different draughts and then extrapolated to infinite water depth. Smaller effective powers were found for the surface condition. The results are compared to an independently performed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis using OpenFOAM. A fair agreement between the experimentally and numerically predicted effective power is found, while the reasons for the differences found are explained. The free submarine model was towed with a rope performed for the speed range 1.7 kn–3.5 kn, and the towing force in the rope was measured. Seakeeping tests in irregular beam waves at zero speed were performed to check the flooding risk on open hatches. Open water tests of the main thrusters for propelling the submarine were conducted, indicating that both power demand and propeller thrust are slightly larger compared to the initial estimates.
Positive Prediction Value of Retinal Artery Occlusion Diagnoses in the Danish National Patient Registry: A Validation Study
Authors: Ørskov Marie , Nissen Tobias Primdahl Holst , Vorum Henrik , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard , Skjøth Flemming
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The hospital registration of retinal artery occlusions in the Danish National Patient Registry has not previously been validated. In this study, the diagnosis codes were validated to ensure the diagnoses had an acceptable validity for research. The validation was performed both for the overall diagnosis population and at the subtype diagnosis level. Methods: The medical records for all patients with retinal artery occlusion with an incident hospital record in the years 2017–2019 in Northern Jutland (Denmark) were assessed in this population-based validation study. Furthermore, fundus images and two-person verification were assessed for the included patients when available. The positive prediction values for the overall diagnosis of retinal artery occlusion, as well as for the central or branch subtypes, were calculated. Results: A total of 102 medical records were available for review. The overall positive prediction value for a retinal artery occlusion diagnosis was 79.4% (95% CI: 70.6–86.1%), while the overall positive prediction value at the subtype diagnosis level was 69.6% (95% CI: 60.1–77.7%), with 73.3% (95% CI: 58.1–85.4%) for branch retinal artery occlusion and 71.2% (95% CI: 56.9–82.9%) for central retinal artery occlusion. For the stratified analyses at the subtype diagnosis, age, sex, diagnosis year, and primary or secondary diagnosis, the positive prediction values ranged from 73.5 to 91.7%. In the stratified analyses at the subtype level, the positive prediction values ranged from 63.3 to 83.3%. The differences among the positive prediction values of the individual strata of both analyses were not statistically significant. Conclusions: the validities of the retinal artery occlusion and subtype level diagnoses are comparable to other validated diagnoses and considered acceptable for use in research.
Promising Markers of Inflammatory and Gut Dysbiosis in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome
Authors: Sorokina Ekaterina , Pautova Alisa , Fatuev Oleg , Zakharchenko Vladislav , Onufrievich Alexander , Grechko Andrey , Beloborodova Natalia , Chernevskaya Ekaterina
Published: June 2023

Post-COVID-19 syndrome is a complex of different symptoms, which results in a multisystemic impairment after the suffering from COVID-19 infection. The aim of the study was to reveal the clinical, laboratory, and gut disorders in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome (n = 39) before and after taking part in the 14-day complex program of rehabilitation. A complete blood count, coagulation test, blood chemistry, biomarkers, and metabolites in serum samples, and gut dysbiosis were revealed in patients on the day of admission and after 14-day rehabilitation, in comparison with the variables of healthy volunteers (n = 48) or with reference ranges. On the day of discharge, patients noted an improvement in respiratory function, general well-being, and mood. At the same time, the levels of some metabolic (4-hydroxybenzoic, succinic, fumaric acids) and inflammatory (interleukin-6) variables, which were increased on admission, did not reach the level of healthy people during the rehabilitation program. Taxonomy disbalance was observed in patients’ feces, namely, a high level of total bacterial mass, a decrease in the number of Lactobacillus spp., and an increase in pro-inflammatory microorganisms. The authors suggest that the post-COVID-19 rehabilitation program should be personalized, considering the patient’s state together with not only the baseline levels of biomarkers, but also with the individual taxonomy of the gut microbiota.
Advancing Precision Medicine in South Tyrol, Italy: A Public Health Development Proposal for a Bilingual, Autonomous Province
Authors: Wiedermann Christian J.
Published: June 2023

This paper presents a comprehensive development plan for advancing precision medicine in the autonomous province of South Tyrol, Italy, a region characterized by its bilingual population and unique healthcare challenges. This study highlights the need to address the shortage of healthcare professionals proficient in language for person-centered medicine, the lag in healthcare sector digitalization, and the absence of a local medical university, all within the context of an initiated pharmacogenomics program and a population-based precision medicine study known as the “Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol” (CHRIS) study. The key strategies for addressing these challenges and integrating CHRIS study findings into a broader precision medicine development plan are discussed, including workforce development and training, investment in digital infrastructure, enhanced data management and analytic capabilities, collaboration with external academic and research institutions, education and capacity building, securing funding and resources, and promoting a patient-centered approach. This study emphasizes the potential benefits of implementing such a comprehensive development plan, including improved early detection, personal ized treatment, and prevention of chronic diseases, ultimately leading to better healthcare outcomes and overall well-being in the South Tyrolean population.
Evaluating Urban Flood Resilience within the Social-Economic-Natural Complex Ecosystem: A Case Study of Cities in the Yangtze River Delta
Authors: Zhu Shiyao , Feng Haibo , Shao Qiuhu
Published: June 2023

With global climate change and rapid urbanization, it is critical to assess urban flood resilience (UFR) within the social-economic-natural complex ecosystem in dealing with urban flood disasters. This research proposes a conceptual framework based on the PSR-SENCE model for evaluating and exploring trends in urban flood resilience over time, using 27 cities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) of China as case studies. For the overall evaluation, a hybrid weighting method, VIKOR, and sensitivity analysis were used. During that time, UFR in the YRD region averaged a moderate level with an upward trend. This distinguishes between the resilience levels and fluctuation trends of provinces and cities. Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui provinces all displayed a trend of progressive development; however, Shanghai displayed a completely opposite pattern, mainly because of resilience in the state dimension. During that time, 81.41% of cities exhibited varying, upward trends in urban flood resistance, with few demonstrating inverse changes. Regional, provincial, and city-level implications are proposed for future UFR enhancement. The research contributes to a better understanding of the urban complex ecosystem under flood conditions and provides significant insights for policymakers, urban planners, and practitioners in the YRD region and other similar flood-prone urban areas.
Form and Structure of the Knowledge Framework for Urban Planning: Methodological Approach and Assessment Issues: The Case Study of the Municipality of Fondi Urban Plan
Authors: Torzoni Saverio , Pisano Carlo , Battisti Fabrizio
Published: June 2023

Analysing the formation of the Knowledge Framework (KF) for the Municipality of Fondi, a medium size municipality in central Italy, this research explains the methodology used to describe and interpret its specific territorial condition, aiming to delineate a series of operative guidelines for further implementations in other contexts. The article deals with comparisons with several urban planning approaches, transposing them to the study area, through the filter provided by the approach of Regional Design. The objective of the research is to produce a comprehensive KF for urban planning containing all the necessary information to unravel the assessment issue to put in place planning actions oriented toward sustainable spatial development. The research reorganizes the information legally required to define a Knowledge Framework into five Systems, articulated in analytical and synthetic products that as a whole aim to innovate the Knowledge Framework by recognizing it not only as an analytical process but also as a fundamental urban planning tool.
Can Land Circulation Improve the Health of Middle-Aged and Older Farmers in China?
Authors: Li Keyan , Liu Can , Ma Junlong , Ankrah Twumasi Martinson
Published: June 2023

Compared with the urban aging population, the rural aging population in China is larger, and is subject to a lower per capita income, lower social security coverage, and insufficient security capacity. Therefore, ensuring the health of middle-aged and older farmers is an inevitable requirement for maintaining the stability of rural areas and society. This study uses data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) 2018, an ordered probit model and instrumental variable approach to empirically analyze the effect of land circulation out on the physical health of middle-aged and older farmers over 45. The results indicate that land circulation out positively and significantly affects farmers’ health. Again, farmer’s non-agricultural work and household income play a significant role in this positive relationship between land circulation out and farmers’ health. Thus, the promotion of non-agricultural work for farmers and household income enhancement could alleviate household budget constraints while increasing health investment. The findings provide policies advocating for rural health development from land circulation perspectives.
Needs Hierarchy for Public Service Facilities and Guidance-Control Programming in Small Chinese Towns Influenced by Complex Urbanization of Residents: The Evidence from Zhejiang
Authors: Qiu Zhi , Wang Yue , Wang Jie , Wang Zhu , Zhou Yi
Published: June 2023

Due to the rapid urbanization of China, residential areas and residents in small towns exhibit dual and complex urbanization patterns and characteristics. The “one-size-fits-all” approach to programming public service facilities has led to inefficient use of idle facilities and the frequent use of facilities that are not integrated into the public service system. Therefore, an investigation of programming logic based on residents’ needs within the complex urbanization patterns and characteristics of small towns is urgently required. This study distinguishes between rural and nonrural facilities, using the Kano model to evaluate residents’ hypothetical satisfaction with the provision of facilities or lack thereof. Based on the “rural and nonrural” facility need coupling model, four stages of urbanization were identified. Using the Better–Worse coefficient and the chi-square test, this study analyzes residents’ cognitive needs and population attributes across various stages of urbanization. Moreover, the study examines the “residential area–resident facility” matching relationship. Ultimately, a “required + optional item” public service facility guidance-control system based on the matching of human–land urbanization is proposed to improve the current programming system for public service facilities. This system provides a theoretical basis for improving the public service level in small towns and ensuring optimally relevant regulations.
Comparative Evaluation of Condylar Guidance Angles Measured Using Arcon and Non-Arcon Articulators and Panoramic Radiographs—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Aljohani Amjad Obaid , Sghaireen Mohammed Ghazi , Abbas Muhammad , Alzarea Bader Kureyem , Srivastava Kumar Chandan , Shrivastava Deepti , Issrani Rakhi , Mathew Merin , Alsharari Ahmed Hamoud L , Alsharari Mohammed Ali D. , Aljunaydi Naif Abdulrahman , Alanazi Saif , Alsharari Mosheri Muslem S. , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: June 2023

The condylar guidance value (CGV) measurement constitutes an important part of a holistic prosthodontic treatment plan, with horizontal CGVs (HCGVs) and lateral CGVs (LCGVs) being two of the most prominently recognized. This systematic review aimed at evaluating the efficacy of two different types of CGV measurement protocols—articulators (both arcon and non-arcon) and panoramic radiographs. Additionally, it attempts to determine which of the mentioned methods performs better across several parameters. Several important web databases were searched using search terms derived from medical subject headings (MeSH), using keywords linked to “Arcon articulator”, “Condylar guidance angle”, “non-arcon articulator”, “Panoramic x-ray” and “Radiographic examination”, which constituted the first step in the study selection strategy. After completion, the search strategy which initially turned up to 831 papers, eventually ended up with 13 studies. The review and subsequent meta-analysis revealed that panoramic radiographs had noticeably greater efficacy in terms of the CGVs as compared to the articulators in the majority of the studies. Within the articulators, the arcon types recorded slightly higher CGVs than the non-arcon variety owing to the precision of jaw movement simulation in the former. However, further studies are required to validate these findings and establish more precise guidelines for the use of CGV measurement protocols in prosthodontic practice.
Geranylgeraniol Application in Human Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts for Reversal of the Effect of Bisphosphonates
Authors: Jung Junho , Park Jung Soo , Chun Jeewan , Al-Nawas Bilal , Ziebart Thomas , Kwon Yong-Dae
Published: June 2023

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates lead to the depletion of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate involved in the mevalonate pathway. The effect of geranylgeraniol (GGOH) on human osteoblast and osteoclast activities suppressed by zoledronate was investigated in this study. The effect of GGOH on human osteoblasts and osteoclasts subjected to treatment with zoledronate was analyzed by assessing cell viability, osteoclast differentiation, resorption ability, gene expression, and protein synthesis. Cell viability suppressed by bisphosphonates in osteoblasts and osteoprogenitor cells was restored with GGOH. Osteoclast differentiation was analyzed by vitronectin receptor immunofluorescence staining, and the addition of GGOH to zoledronate significantly increased osteoclast differentiation compared with zoledronate alone. A trend of reversal of osteoclast resorption by GGOH was observed; however, it was not significant in all groups. The expression of ALP, type 1 collagen, and RUNX2 in osteoblasts was recovered by the addition of GGOH. Only CALCR expression in osteoclasts was significantly recovered by GGOH addition in the zoledronate group. Although the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were not entirely restored, the possibility that the topical application of GGOH in MRONJ patients or patients with dental problems and bisphosphonates might lessen the risk of development and recurrence of MRONJ is shown.
Outcomes of Different In Vitro Maturation Procedures for Oocyte Cryopreservation for Fertility Preservation and yet Another Live Birth in a Cancer Patient
Authors: Nogueira Daniela , Fajau-Prevot Carole , Clouet Muriel , Assouline Patrick , Deslandres Marion , Montagut Marie
Published: June 2023

To ensure patient care in an oncological fertility preservation (FP) programme, specialists must provide technology that best suits the patients’ clinical conditions. In vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) and ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) are possible fertility preservation treatments for women in need of urgent oncological treatment. IVM consists of the retrieval of immature oocytes from small antral follicles, with no or minimal ovarian stimulation by gonadotropins. Therefore, IVM has become a pertinent option for fertility preservation, especially for cases whereby ovarian stimulation is unfeasible or contra-indicated. Existing data on immature oocytes, retrieved transvaginally (OPU-IVM) or extracted from ovarian tissue ‘ex vivo’ (OTO-IVM), are still limited on technical consistency, efficacy, and safety. The present retrospective cohort study includes 89 women undergoing fertility preservation using IVM methodologies and 26 women undergoing ovarian stimulation (OS) in concomitant period. In total, 533 immature oocytes were collected from IVM patients, achieving a maturation rate of 57% and 70% in OTO-IVM and 73% and 82% in OPU-IVM at 24 h and 48 h in culture, respectively. The observed high maturation rates might be due to the use of patients’ serum in its innate status, i.e., without heat-inactivation. This permitted 7.6 ± 5.7 and 4.6 ± 4.9 oocytes to be vitrified in OTO-IVM and OPU-IVM, respectively, compared to 6.8 ± 4.6 from OS patients. Regarding OS patients, two of them underwent embryo transfer following the insemination of warmed oocytes after complete remission, resulting in a single live birth from one patient. Upon follow-up of two OTO-IVM patients after the termination of their oncological treatment, a total of 11 warmed oocytes lead to a transfer of a single embryo, but pregnancy was not achieved. From OPU-IVM, six embryos were transferred in three patients 4.25 years after oocyte vitrification, leading to the live birth of a healthy boy. The present case of live birth is among the first cases reported so far and supports the notion that IVM might be a relevant and safe FP option for cancer patients when oocyte preservation is required but ovarian stimulation is contra-indicated.
A Simple Formula of the Endophytic Trichoderma viride, a Case Study for the Management of Rhizoctonia solani on the Common Bean
Authors: Ghoneem Khalid M. , Al-Askar Abdulaziz A. , Saber WesamEldin I. A.
Published: June 2023

The utilization of beneficial endophytic microorganisms presents a promising and innovative strategy for attaining environmental sustainability and fostering development. The majority of microbial bioagents are unsuitable for preparation in a suitable granular formula, and few are prepared in complicated formulas. In this work, Trichoderma viride was simply prepared in a marketable granular formula to manage Rhizoctonia solani and improve common bean growth. The GC-MS analysis showed several antimicrobial compounds in the fungal filtrate. T. viride was able to suppress the phytopathogenic R. solani in the laboratory. The formula had up to 6 months of shelf-life viability. Under greenhouse conditions, the formula improved plant resistance against R. solani. Moreover, the vegetative plant growth and physiological performance (peroxidase, polyphenol, total phenols, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and photosynthetic pigments) of the common bean showed obvious promotion. The formula reduced the disease incidence by 82.68% and increased the yield by 69.28%. This work may be considered a step in the right direction for producing simple bioactive products on a large scale. Moreover, the study’s findings suggest that this method can be considered a novel approach to enhancing plant growth and protection, in addition to reducing costs, improving handling and application, and maintaining fungal viability for enhancing plant growth and protecting against fungal infections.
Effects of Fogging System and Nitric Oxide on Growth and Yield of ‘Naomi’ Mango Trees Exposed to Frost Stress
Authors: Abdel-Aziz Hosny F. , Hamdy Ashraf E. , Sharaf Ahmed , Abd El-wahed Abd El-wahed N. , Elnaggar Ibrahim A. , Seleiman Mahmoud F. , Omar Magdy , Al-Saif Adel M. , Shahid Muhammad Adnan , Sharaf Mohamed
Published: June 2023

In years with unfavorable weather, winter frost during the blossoming season can play a significant role in reducing fruit yield and impacting the profitability of cultivation. The mango Naomi cultivar Mangifera indica L. has a low canopy that is severely affected by the effects of frost stress. As a result of the canopy being exposed to physiological problems, vegetative development is significantly inhibited. The current investigation aimed to study the influence of spraying nitric oxide and fogging spray systems on Naomi mango trees grafted on ‘Succary’ rootstock under frost stress conditions. The treatments were as follows: nitric oxide (NO) 50 and 100 μM, fogging spray system, and control. In comparison to the control, the use of nitric oxide and a fogging system significantly improved the leaf area, photosynthesis pigments of the leaf, the membrane stability index, yield, and physical and chemical characteristics of the Naomi mango cultivar. For instance, the application of 50 μM NO, 100 μM NO, and the fogging spray system resulted in an increase in yield by 41.32, 106.12, and 121.43% during the 2020 season, and by 39.37, 101.30, and 124.68% during the 2021 season compared to the control, respectively. The fogging spray system and highest level of NO decreased electrolyte leakage, proline content, total phenolic content, catalase (CAT), peroxidases (POX), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme activities in leaves. Furthermore, the number of damaged leaves per shoot was significantly reduced after the application of fogging spray systems and nitric oxide in comparison to the control. Regarding vegetative growth, our results indicated that the fogging spray system and spraying nitric oxide at 100 μM enhanced the leaf surface area compared to the control and other treatments. A similar trend was noticed regarding yield and fruit quality, whereas the best values were obtained when the fogging spray system using nitric oxide was sprayed at a concentration of 100 μM. The application of fogging spray systems and nitric oxide can improve the production and fruit quality of Naomi mango trees by reducing the effects of adverse frost stress conditions.
Human Pangenomics: Promises and Challenges of a Distributed Genomic Reference
Authors: Abondio Paolo , Cilli Elisabetta , Luiselli Donata
Published: June 2023

A pangenome is a collection of the common and unique genomes that are present in a given species. It combines the genetic information of all the genomes sampled, resulting in a large and diverse range of genetic material. Pangenomic analysis offers several advantages compared to traditional genomic research. For example, a pangenome is not bound by the physical constraints of a single genome, so it can capture more genetic variability. Thanks to the introduction of the concept of pangenome, it is possible to use exceedingly detailed sequence data to study the evolutionary history of two different species, or how populations within a species differ genetically. In the wake of the Human Pangenome Project, this review aims at discussing the advantages of the pangenome around human genetic variation, which are then framed around how pangenomic data can inform population genetics, phylogenetics, and public health policy by providing insights into the genetic basis of diseases or determining personalized treatments, targeting the specific genetic profile of an individual. Moreover, technical limitations, ethical concerns, and legal considerations are discussed.
Antiplatelets and Anticoagulants in Vitreoretinal Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Confalonieri Filippo , Ferraro Vanessa , Di Maria Alessandra , Gaeta Alessandro , Vallejo-Garcia Josè Luis , Vinciguerra Paolo , Lumi Xhevat , Petrovski Goran
Published: June 2023

Background: Antiplatelets and anticoagulants have substantially influenced contemporary vitreoretinal surgical practices. The availability of new oral blood thinners has recently spurred a renewed interest in the clinical approach to vitreoretinal surgical conditions since it may be difficult for the surgeon to collect sufficient evidence-based data to decide whether to discontinue or continue such medications. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic review on the use of antiplatelets and/or anticoagulants in the perioperative setting in vitreoretinal surgery and their possible complications, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The level of evidence, according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEM) 2011 guidelines, and the quality of evidence, according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system, were assessed for all included articles. Results: In total, 2310 articles were initially extracted, out of which 1839 articles were obtained after duplicates were removed and their abstracts were screened. A total of 27 articles were included in the full-text review. Finally, a remaining 22 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Conclusions: Even though there is just a small number of studies with solid results, the advantage of using antiplatelets and/or anticoagulants in vitreoretinal surgery seems to outweigh the disadvantages, which are mainly related to postoperative hemorrhagic complications.