bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ФОРМУВАННЯ НАУКОВОГО ПРОФІЛЮ КРАЇН: ВІД КОМПЕТЕНЦІЙ ДО ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО ГРАДІЄНТУ НАУКИ
Authors: HUROCKINA V. , ALPERN K.
Published: December 2024

У статті досліджено чільні аспекти формування наукового профілю країн та драйвери розвитку лідерських компетенцій у контексті європейської інтеграції, глобалізації та цифрової трансформації. Розглянуто адаптацію рамок компетенцій ERA (Європейський дослідницький простір), EHEA (Європейський простір вищої освіти) та стратегії ЄС 2030 до умов Польщі та України. Проведено аналіз чинників, що спричиняють розрив у наукових компетенціях між країнами, зокрема інфраструктурної нерівності, відмінностей у фінансуванні досліджень, стандартах освіти й доступі до глобальних знань. Представлено концепцію «градієнту науки», що відображає нерівномірність розвитку наукових знань і технологій між країнами. Зроблено акцент на необхідності розвитку лідерських компетенцій, таких як стратегічне мислення, інноваційність, управління змінами, міжнародна співпраця та ефективне використання ресурсів, які є ключовими для успішної інтеграції до європейського і глобального наукового простору. Запропоновано рекомендації щодо гармонізації стандартів і подолання розриву компетенцій задля посилення конкурентоспроможності Польщі й України у сфері науки, освіти та інновацій.
Yabancı Dil Olarak Türkçe Öğretiminde Neden İşlevli Yapılar: Yeni Hitit Yabancılar için Türkçe Eğitim Seti Örneği
Authors: Yıldırım Funda , Kara Mehmet
Published: December 2024

Dil öğretim sürecinde, özellikle yabancı dil öğretiminde, iletişimin doğru ve hızlı sağlanabilmesi için hedef dil yapılarının işlevleri iyice araştırılmalı ve eğitime dâhil edilmelidir. Çünkü yabancı dil öğretim sürecinde kaynak dildeki işleve karşılık gelen hedef dil yapısının öğretilmesi, bağdaşık ve tutarlı metinlerin üretimine katkı sağlayacaktır. Diller için Avrupa Ortak Öneriler Çerçeve Metni’ndeki seviye tanımlayıcıları incelendiğinde her seviyede “neden işlevi” görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada da yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde neden işlevli yapılar, Yeni Hitit Yabancılar için Türkçe eğitim seti örneğinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmada doküman inceleme yöntemi ile veriler, alanyazından ve eğitim setinden toplanarak betimsel analiz tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Alanyazında neden işlevli olarak açıklanan yapıların eğitim setindeki yapılarla paralellik gösterdiği gözlemlense de alanyazında yüzey yapıda zaman veya şart yapıları ile oluşturulan tümcelerde önermeler arasında neden ilişkisi olduğu, bu yapıların ikinci işlevlerinin neden olduğu açıklanmaktadır ancak ikinci işleve ait herhangi bir bilginin eğitim setinde yer almadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Strategic Leadership and Growth in Agricultural Value Chains in Tea Estates in Nandi County, Kenya
Authors: Kemboi Joyce Jerono , Kering Victor Kiptum
Published: December 2024

The agricultural value chain activities in the tea factories in Nandi County are important economic activity to the inhabitants of Nandi Hills Sub-County, Nandi County. These agricultural firms have faced considerable production-related challenges from low-quality tea and declining employee productivity since 2010. Due to this reason, the study sought to evaluate the linkages between strategic leadership and growth in the agricultural value chain activities in Tea Estates in Nandi Hills sub-county, Nandi County, Kenya. The study was informed by the resource-based view (RBV) theory and employed a correlational research design with a target population comprised of 1,150 employees drawn from 10 privately - owed Tea Estates in the Nandi Hills sub-county. The sample size was 297 which was determined through a formula. The study used the questionnaire as a data collection tool with a pilot study being conducted to test the reliability of the research instrument. The study randomly sampled the population and used a questionnaire as the main data collection instrument. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics techniques. Findings indicated that there is a positive and significant correlation between strategic leadership and the growth in the value chain activities that were being used. The study concludes that leadership strategies contribute to the growth in the value chain hence the success and continuity of the firm. Therefore, the study recommends that firms should engage in effective strategic deployment and management of personnel. There is a need to inculcate a culture that encourages creativity by management and rewards accordingly
Institutional Support as a Catalyst for Academic Writing and Research Skills among Graduate Students in the Selected Public Universities in Uganda
Authors: Kalule John , Ssali Kizza Francis , Ssebowa Dorothy Kyagaba , Edward Masembe
Published: December 2024

The study examined the influence of institutional support on graduate students’ academic writing and research in selected public universities in Uganda.  It involved the use of an embedded design with a dominant quantitative approach. It involved graduate students, academic staff and academic administrative staff as the study population. These participants/respondents were purposively selected from four public universities in the different regions of Uganda. Each of the four universities was represented by 100 students of which 50 were selected from the science faculties/colleges and 50 from the humanities faculties. The respondents were sampled using stratified random and purposive sampling. Data from graduate students were collected using a self-administered questionnaire (SAQ). A FGD for graduate students was the second data collection tool. Data from academic administrative staff and academic staff were collected using an interview guide. Descriptive quantitative data were analyzed using means and standard deviations while the study hypothesis was analyzed using, Pearson’s Correlation Co-efficient Index and Simple Linear Regression Analysis. Qualitative data was thematically analyzed. Findings from this study revealed a positive significant relationship between institutional support and academic writing and research among graduate students, where r = 0.441**, P - value = 0.000 less than 0.05. The study concluded that institutional support significantly relates to graduate students’ academic writing and research skills. It was further concluded that as graduate students are offered a conducive research environment like high-quality supervisory support, research funds, ICT facilities, library facilities, and mentorship among others, this would cultivate a positive writing behaviour and mentality which would eventually lead to scientific writers and researchers. The study recommended that there should be an emphasis on academic writing development programs as viable strategies to enhance scholarly writing and research. In addition, supervisors should be encouraged to provide proper guidance, feedback and adequate consultation time to individual graduate students especially those struggling at different stages of their research projects
Modeling and Control of a Dual Stator Multiphase Induction Motor for Electric Vehicle Technology
Authors: Sowmiya M. , Devi G. Renuka
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the dynamic modeling and speed control of a Dual Stator Multiphase Induction Motor (DSMIM) in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The torque production and load sharing capability of the model is analyzed under free acceleration conditions when subjected to a frictional load profile. Its speed control operation is realized using the conventional V/f and vector based Indirect Field-Oriented Control (IFOC) methods. The torque and speed tracking ability of the machine with the chosen control techniques were simulated. The better dynamic performance of IFOC controlled DSMIM drive model establishes its utility in Electric Vehicles (EV) technology and research. Credibility of the proposed model in EV application is verified by testing it against the standard Modified Indian Drive Cycle (MIDC). The corresponding torque and speed waveforms obtained under the drive cycle analysis are illustrated. The proposed model well supports sudden load changes with a better load sharing competence.
OTHERWORLDLY LANDSCAPES IN THE HISTORIC TEXT TRUYỀN KỲ MẠN LỤC BY NGUYEN DU
Authors: Pham Van Hoa
Published: December 2024

Truyền kỳ mạn lục, the only literary work of the renowned Confucian scholar Nguyen Du, is considered the brilliant peak of Vietnamese supernatural tales. This paper aims to decode a distinctive aspect of the artistic thinking in Truyền kỳ mạn lục and contribute to establishing the applicability of landscape theory in the study of medieval literature. By applying landscape theory and model-setting methods, the paper analyzes and compares the richness and uniqueness of spatial movement types that create otherworldly landscapes as a hallmark of supernatural stories. The paper identifies the methods, nuances, artistic discourse, and construction of models of otherworldly landscapes in 20 stories from the historic text, Truyền kỳ mạn lục, highlighting both the similarities and differences in the artistic thinking of otherworldly landscapes and the unique artistic features in Nguyen Du’s creation of these landscapes. This study promotes Vietnamese literary heritage and contributes to advancing the research and teaching of the genre of East Asian supernatural literature at educational institutions.
Influence of Specialty and Health Condition on Personnel Productivity in Polytechnic Libraries in South-East and South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Nwali Victoria C.
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the influence of specialty and health condition on personnel productivity in polytechnic libraries in South-East and South-South, Nigeria. In carrying out the study, two research questions were formulated to guide the study. The correlational survey research design was adopted for the study and a total of 284 respondents drawn from personnel of the 19 polytechnic libraries in South-East and South-South Nigeria were studied. The instrument used for collecting data was a self-structured questionnaire which was duly validated and the result justified its use. The findings showed that specialty and health condition influence personnel productivity in polytechnic libraries in South-East and South-South, Nigeria. The study recommended that polytechnic libraries should transform the way they recruit by improving on the extent of consideration of area of specialization and health condition variables in recruitment exercises. This transformation should not only involve allowing recruitment practices to be guided by recruitment variables, it should as well involve leaving personnel recruitment in the hands of recruitment experts who can use customizable criteria such as Application Tracking Systems (ATS) to filter candidates and shortlist top choices based on specialization and health conditions. t means of identifying the most qualified candidate for the job. Specialization should be made a key determinant of who gets hired by polytechnic libraries. This, it is hoped will enhance the recruitment of top performers. Again, there should be significant improvement on the extent of consideration of good health condition as prerequisite for employment as well as the introduction and/or improvement of health programmes for workers in our libraries. Furthermore Employees already engaged by polytechnic libraries should be trained and retrained to enable them to acquire requisite qualifications, experience and skills that will enhance their productivity to broaden their chances of survival in our competitive information environment.
Media Literacy Skills and Use of Electronic Resources by Library and Information Science Students’ in Digital Environment, University of Uyo, Nigeria
Authors: Nna-Etuk Godwin M. , Ezeibe Rose , Udo-Okon Theresa , Ishiwu Oliver Uchenna
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the influence of media literacy skills and use of electronic resources by Library and Information Students in digital environment, University of Uyo. Three research questions and three research hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study involved 213 LIS undergraduates who were registered library users in 2021/2022 academic session. Census sampling technique were used for the study; the total population was used as sample size. A structured questionnaire tagged: media literacy skills and use of electronic resources by LIS in digital environment was used for data collection. The instrument was vetted by two experts in department of educational foundation, University of Uyo. The instrument was administered on the respondents by the researchers with help of research assistants in the three campus libraries in the University of Uyo. The data collected were analyzed using mean statistics and t-test to test the hypotheses. The result of the data analyzed revealed that a significant influence exists between each of the media literacy skills and use of electronic resources by LIS students in the University of Uyo. The study recommends among others that the University Library and Department of library and Information Science should collaborate in designing programme for teaching of media literacy skills in the University to equipped students with adequate basic media literacy skills.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN ELEMEN PROSES PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI DALAM PELAJARAN IPAS DI SD INPRES LILIBA KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Dollok Viki Vikranta Yorhans , Naitili Cornelia Amanda , Nahak Roswita Lioba
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the implementation of the Differentiated Learning Process Elements in Science and Technology Lessons at SD Inpres Liliba, Kupang City. The type of research used is qualitative research using a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques used in this research were observation, in-depth interviews and documentation with grade IV teachers, school principals and students at SD Inpres Liliba, Kupang City. The collection instruments in this research are observation sheets, interview guides or question sheets. Data were analyzed using the Miles & Huberman model with a sequence of steps for data collection, data reduction, data verification, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The validity of the data in this research was carried out using source triangulation, technical triangulation and time triangulation techniques. The results of the research show that the implementation of the differentiated learning process at SD Inpres Liliba, Kupang City is implemented at every grade level (I-VI). Learning activities are going well. This can be seen from the completeness of the elements of the differentiated learning process at each stage carried out by the teacher, including: 1) Planning, which consists of preparing guiding questions and implementing tiered activities that have various levels of challenge and complexity. 2) Implementation, which consists of carrying out discussion activities in class according to students' interests and learning profiles, developing learning activities that vary according to students' learning styles (visual, auditory, kinesthetic), and forming flexible learning groups. 3) Evaluation, using assessment instruments such as skills assessment, attitude assessment, knowledge assessment and learning activity assessment as well as class exhibitions to appreciate students' work.
Inteligencias Múltiples una Mira en la Educación
Authors: Pinargote Sáncehez Genessis Jusmell
Published: December 2024

Este estudio detallado presenta un análisis exhaustivo de un caso práctico relevante en el ámbito educativo, centrándose en la influencia de las inteligencias múltiples y el diseño de estrategias educativas para potenciarlas, aquí se abordan diversos aspectos cruciales en educación, explorando la variedad de medios para aprender y enseñar. Se examinan los antecedentes del caso, su contexto actual y los principales actores involucrados, así como las posibles implicaciones a nivel educativo. Además, se llevan a cabo análisis de encuesta, análisis comparativos y evaluaciones de impacto para proporcionar una comprensión más amplia, aquí se destacan lecciones aprendidas, buenas prácticas y áreas de mejora potencial. El objetivo fundamental de este análisis es ofrecer una perspectiva informada, fundamentada y crítica sobre el caso práctico en cuestión, contribuyendo así al avance del conocimiento en el campo de las inteligencias múltiples en la educación, que este estudio no solo sirva como referencia para futuras investigaciones, sino también como una herramienta práctica para profesionales y académicos interesados en desarrollar estrategias educativas efectivas basadas en las inteligencias múltiples, Se busca cubrir los vacíos existentes en la comprensión de cómo las inteligencias múltiples pueden ser mejor integradas en el ámbito educativo, ofreciendo una guía sólida para la práctica.
Volumen Plaquetario Medio como Marcador Serológico de Preeclampsia – Eclampsia
Authors: Perez Cordova Christya Estrella , Soberano Almeida José Guadalupe
Published: December 2024

Objetivo. Identificar si con el VPM se puede diagnosticar preeclampsia. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo, observacional, transversal, de casos y controles en la unidad de toco cirugia del Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad “Dr. Gustavo A. Rovirosa Pérez”, del 1 de Enero al 30 de Abril 2024, en mujeres con embarazo > 20 sdg. Se seleccionaran dos grupos: grupo A (sin hipertension), grupo B (con hipertersion). A cada grupo se le determinara el VPM y se hara el analisis al concluir la investigacion, aplicando prueba estadistica de T de Student, para obtener el valor de p. Resultados. El valor del VPM entre pacientes sin preeclampsia cuando se comparo con las de preeclampsia no demostro diferencia significativa. Conclusiones. El VPM como elemento diagnostico de preeclampsia- eclampsia tiene una sensibilidad y especifidad muy baja que no nos permite utilizar como parametro diagnóstico definitivo.
Implementación de un sistema de gestión para la prevención de accidentes laborales a bordo de la draga nueva loja de la Armada del Ecuador.
Authors: Alvarado Mattos Jhonny , Suárez Vaca Wilmer
Published: December 2024

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo sugerir un Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (SGSST) para el buque Draga Nueva Loja (DRALOJ) con base en la realidad de la Armada del Ecuador. Para este efecto, se realizó la identificación de peligros y evaluación de riesgos a toda la tripulación de la draga utilizando la metodología del Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo de España (INSHT) denominada matriz 3x3, para lo cual se seccionó al buque en área de gobierno, cubierta y máquinas; obteniendo como resultado niveles de riesgo moderados e importantes en especial aquellos de origen físicos, mecánicos, ergonómicos y psicosociales como factor común en las tres secciones analizadas, mientras que los riesgos biológicos y químicos están presentes en un nivel trivial en toda la tripulación. Posteriormente, se realizó el análisis bibliográfico y de expertos en el campo de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional sobre las ventajas y desventajas de tres SGSST más conocidos en Latinoamérica los cuales son ISO 45001, el Acuerdo Ministerial 1072 del Ministerio de Trabajo de Colombia y sugerido por el Reglamento del Instrumento Andino de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo en el artículo 1; de este análisis se determinó que el mejor SGSST de acuerdo a la realidad actual de la Armada del Ecuador es el sistema propuesto en el Acuerdo Ministerial 1072, justificativos que serán abordados en esta investigación.
Experimental Study of the Effect of Plastic Pyrolysis Oil on the Physical-Chemical Properties of Rubber Seed Biodiesel and Diesel Engine Performance using a Mixture of Plastic Pyrolysis Oil-Rubber Seed Biodiesel-Diesel Fuel
Authors: Tambunan Bisrul Hapis , Sitorus Tulus Burhanuddin , Nur Taufiq Bin , Ambarita Himsar , Mohd Rosli Mohd Afzanizam
Published: December 2024

Rubber seed oil is a potential source of biodiesel, but its utilization is still limited. From previous research studies, the addition of Rubber Seed Biodiesel (RSB) to diesel will reduce engine performance and increase BSFC but can increase emissions. At the same time, plastic waste has posed a very serious environmental challenge due to its large quantity and suboptimal processing problems. Pyrolysis is considered to be an efficient solution for handling plastic waste, because it operates at low pressure and produces Plastic Pyrolysis Oil (PPO) as fuel. The success of research on converting plastic waste into fuel can be a solution to limited biodiesel raw materials, as well as a solution for handling plastic waste. From various previous studies it is known that PPO has a higher heating value than biodiesel, but biodiesel has a higher centane number. Based on these various symptoms, it is interesting to research the use of a mixture of RSB and PPO fuels, because they are thought to complement each other. In this research, PPO was added to RSB starting at 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%, then the physicochemical properties of each mixture were examined, it was found that PPO could increase the heating value, reduce viscosity, density and acid number, reduce the cetane number and reduces the oxidation stability of RSB. To test on a diesel engine, PPO was added to the diesel-RSB mixture. The diesel portion is set at 60%, while the RSB and PPO portions are varied starting from 40% RSB 0% PPO, 30% RSB 10% PPO, 20% RSB 20% PPO and 10% RSB 30% PPO. Diesel engine performance and emissions were investigated when PPO was added to the fuel mixture. The search results show that BTE decreased by 4% when using B10P30 compared to using pure diesel, but increased by around 30% compared to using RSB40 at full load. The addition of PPO to the Diesel-RSB mixture increases CO, HC and smoke emissions, but is still lower than pure diesel emissions.
Study on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Plasticizer with Epoxidation Waste Cooking Oil
Authors: Adnan Nor Najiha , Mohd Hanafi Mohd Hafidzal , Razak Nurul Hanim , Md Yusof Fahmi Asyadi , Suhaimy Syazwan Hanani Meriam , Grasianto Grasianto
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the mechanical and thermal properties of plasticizers formulated with Epoxidized Waste Cooking Oil (EWCO). The primary objective is to evaluate the influence of EWCO as a plasticizer on the performance of polylactic acid (PLA) composites. Epoxidation of waste cooking oil with and without catalyst (sulfuric acid) is applied before mix with PLA. PLA, a biodegradable polymer, is chosen due to its environmental benefits, but its brittleness limits its application. By incorporating varying weight ratios of EWCO (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%), both with and without the presence of a catalyst, the tensile strength and thermal stability of the resulting composites are assessed. The mechanical properties were analyzed through tensile strength tests, revealing that the inclusion of EWCO generally decreases the tensile strength of PLA. Notably, the addition of a catalyst significantly enhances the tensile strength, demonstrating the potential of catalysts in optimizing the mechanical properties of PLA/EWCO composites. Thermal properties were evaluated a melting point and a glass transition temperature (Tg). Results indicate that EWCO influences the thermal stability of PLA, with variations depending on the presence of a catalyst and the EWCO concentration. The results in this research also shows that sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst in the epoxidation process of waste cooking oil (WCO) to produce epoxidized waste cooking oil (EWCO) the epoxide yield achieve around 85% and give shorter reaction time of 4 hours. This research contributes to the understanding of how EWCO, a sustainable and eco-friendly plasticizer, affects the mechanical and thermal properties of PLA composites. The findings of this study shows that EWCO enhances flexibility, the mechanical strength and thermal stability This study provides a foundation for future research aimed at developing optimized PLA/EWCO composites for diverse applications, promoting sustainability in material science.
Review on the Air Temperature and Humidity Produce by Solar Dryer and Potential to be Reused
Authors: Ahmed Hashem Eslam , Misha Suhaimi , Mohd Rosli Mohd Afzanizam , Haminudin Nor Faizah , Mohd Saat Fatimah Al Zahrah , Abdul Munir Fudhail , Ali Al-Abidi Abduljalil
Published: December 2024

This article presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in the reuse of waste heat from solar food dryers, a strategy that holds significant potential to improve system efficiency and sustainability. Solar drying systems typically discharge air at temperatures between 40°C and 70°C, resulting in a substantial loss of free solar thermal energy up to 50% of total energy. This review introduces novel approaches to capturing and reusing this low-quality heat, including the integration of desiccant materials that can boost drying efficiency by up to 64%, and innovative designs like rotating dryer wheels, which increase effective heat gains by an average of 153%. Unlike previous studies, this article not only aggregates and analyzes field test data such as outlet temperatures, humidity levels, and heat recovery efficiencies but also identifies practical and scalable solutions for heat reuse, such as water heating, space heating, and heating nearby cold rooms. By providing quantitative results and exploring the potential for continuous 24-hour operation through advanced heat management techniques, this review offers new insights and practical guidelines for engineers and researchers aiming to make solar drying processes more energy-efficient and commercially viable. This work is particularly relevant for those interested in developing sustainable agricultural practices, as it highlights the most promising methods for reducing energy waste and enhancing the overall performance of solar dryers. The novel synthesis of existing technologies and the identification of key areas for future research make this article a valuable resource for advancing the field of solar drying.
Role of Natural Zeolite (Clinoptilolite) on the Biochemical Blood Parameters and Liver Enzymes of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Reared in Recirculation Aquaculture System
Authors: Farhan Mohammed Hamed , Naser Ahmed Salahudeen
Published: December 2024

The aim of conducting this study was to evaluate the use of added natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) in common carp fingerling (Cyprinus carpio L.) breeding ponds and to demonstrate its effect on biochemical blood parameters and liver enzymes, This study was conducted for 12 weeks with an initial weight of the fish reachin (25 ± 1) gram, The study divided into Seven treatments, each treatment was divided into 3 replicates, in each replicate (10 fish), the first treatment (control treatment) Without adding zeolite, Zeolite was added to the rest of the treatments in two ways, the first way was (add inside the filter) in proportions (5,10,15) g/L for the second, third, and fourth treatments, respectively, In the second way, add zeolite (inside the rearing ponds with plastic mesh bags) in proportions (5,10,15)g/L for the fifth, sixth, and seventh treatments, respectively, The results of the study showed The fifth treatment recorded the highest values for biochemical blood parameters (CHO, NHDL, Sugar, Cortisol) when compared to the rest of the experimental treatments The results of the study showed The fifth treatment recorded the highest values for biochemical blood parameters (CHO, NHDL, Sugar, Cortisol) when compared to the rest of the experimental treatments, The best ratios for adding natural zeolite (Clinoptilolite) were (5, 15) g/L zeolite in the biofilter and (10, 15) g/L zeolite in the fish tanks, as these ratios gave the best values for the blood biochemical indicators of the common carp that were used in the experiment (CHO, T.G, NHDL, sugar, protein, albumin, ALT and cortisol) compared to the rest of the Studied standards.
Философия как наука. Двадцать пять потерянных веков
Authors: Даренский Виталий Юрьевич , Шитов Сергей Борисович , Юрий Ротенфельд
Published: December 2024

Во все времена предпринимались попытки согласовать философию с природной необходимостью, превратив ее в объективную науку, поскольку источником знания всегда выступала реальность. Однако философам так и не удалось перейти от мнений от рассудочного мышления классификационными понятиями, к разумному мышлению конкретно-всеобщими сравнительными понятиями. Я сумел это сделать. В результате философия стала кумулятивной наукой, отражающей наиболее общие законы развития природы, общества и мышления.
Energy Dissipation in Strong Collisionless Shocks: The Crucial Role of Ion-to-electron Scale Separation in Particle-in-cell Simulations
Authors: Shalaby Mohamad
Published: December 2024

Energy dissipation in collisionless shocks is a key mechanism in various astrophysical environments. Its nonlinear nature complicates analytical understanding and necessitates particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. This study examines the impact of reducing the ion-to-electron mass ratio (m

r
), to decrease computational cost, on energy partitioning in one spatial and three velocity-space dimension PIC simulations of strong, nonrelativistic, parallel electron–ion collisionless shocks using the SHARP code. We compare simulations with a reduced mass ratio (m

r
 = 100) to those with a realistic mass ratio (m

r
 = 1836) for shocks with high (

M
A

=
21.3

) and low (

M
A

=
5.3

) Alfvén Mach numbers. Our findings show that the mass ratio significantly affects particle acceleration and thermal energy dissipation. At high

M
A

, a reduced mass ratio leads to more efficient electron acceleration and an unrealistically high ion flux at higher momentum. At low

M
A

, it causes complete suppression of electron acceleration, whereas the realistic mass ratio enables efficient electron acceleration. The reduced mass ratio also results in excessive electron heating and lower heating in downstream ions at both Mach numbers, with slightly more magnetic field amplification at low

M
A

. Consequently, the electron-to-ion temperature ratio is high at low

M
A

due to reduced ion heating and remains high at high

M
A

due to increased electron heating. In contrast, simulations with the realistic m

r
show that the ion-to-electron temperature ratio is independent of the upstream magnetic field, a result not observed in reduced m

r
simulations.
Application of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for the treatment of severe COVID-19 in a 3-year-old child
Authors: Wang Xia , Quan Shuyan , Wu Zhifeng , Zhang Yuping , Wen Enyi , Huang Jingbin , Yang Wang
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) is an effective antiviral drug for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults. However, Paxlovid treatment of children, especially those who are under 12 years and with severe underlying diseases, is rare.
Case report: A three-year-old COVID-19 patient (weighing 14.5 kg) was infected by the Omicron variant (BA.5.2) after undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The patient had severe bilateral pneumonia along with recurrent fever. The patient was administered 150 mg of nirmatrelvir plus 50 mg of ritonavir twice daily for 5 days, starting 27 days after the initial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive test. Clinical manifestations and chest computed tomography improved considerably after the treatment. The real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) cycle threshold values increased from 23.92 to 38.40 in the case of ORF 1-ab gene, and from 22.22 to 36.28 in the case of N gene. Only a mild increase in serum urea nitrogen (10.10 mmol/L), alanine transaminase (ALT, 65 IU/L), and aspartate transaminase (AST, 68.5 IU/L) was observed.
Conclusions: Paxlovid can effectively inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 and help in improving the clinical manifestations in pediatric COVID-19 patients. Our study provided novel information on Paxlovid treatment in very young children.
Instant messaging for outpatient intramuscular antibiotic therapy adherence: proof of concept
Authors: Alcala-Gonzalez Joel Isai , Camacho-Ortiz Adrian , Hernandez-Guedea Marco Antonio , Nuzzolo-Shihadeh Laura Marina , Salinas-Garza Luis Adrian , Perez-Alba Eduardo
Published: December 2024

Objective: Outpatient antimicrobial therapy works but often requires in-person oversight. Advancements enable seamless communication. We used instant messaging to track adherence, cost, efficacy, and adverse events for outpatient intramuscular antibiotic therapy.
Material and methods: We invited eligible inpatients with bacterial isolates susceptible to ceftriaxone, cefepime, ceftazidime, meropenem, or ertapenem and a positive clinical response to infection to join the study. Participants received antibiotics and submitted daily photos of the used vial through an instant messaging application. After treatment, we conducted virtual follow-ups on days 14 and 28. We asked subjects about adverse events or ongoing symptoms. Any concerns prompted a recommendation to come back for additional evaluation. We calculated the economic impact using the number of outpatient days as reduced hospitalization days, the cost of materials, and nursing personnel expenses.
Results: A total of 30 patients were included; 90% of the subjects showed good adherence, while five exhibited protocol deviations. We observed a 38.3% reduction in hospital costs. Treatment failure occurred in 13.7%, resulting in one readmission. We found no significant adverse events.
Discussion: Integrating WhatsApp enhances healthcare through a free, user-friendly model. It boosts communication, privacy, and antibiotic effectiveness, improving outcomes. Our low-cost approach aids monitoring, particularly in resource-limited settings. Some limitations include no control group, specific intramuscular criteria, and limited expertise. These findings guide future projects and IT-based care models.
Conclusions: The 90% adherence rate in this study serves as a proof-of-concept for instant messaging as an adherence tool for timely deviation identification and enhancing institutional savings during outpatient antibiotic therapy.
Diagnostic performance of biopsy-based methods for determination of Helicobacter pylori infection in dyspeptic Mozambican patients
Authors: Majaliwa Nashon D , Ismail Muhammad , Botão Edília , Carrilho Carla , Victor Regina , Dimande Luzmira , Machatine Sheila , Mondlane Liana , Taviani Elisa , Vítor Jorge MB , Vale Filipa F , Sacarlal Jahit
Published: December 2024

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium capable of colonizing the human stomach, which can lead to various gastrointestinal conditions. Several invasive and non-invasive methods exist for diagnosing H. pylori; however, none can be considered the gold standard. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of three biopsy-based methods (rapid urease test - RUT, histopathology - HIST, and polymerase chain reaction - PCR) in diagnosing H. pylori, and to assess their combined effect in confirming the infection.
Methodology: Eighty dyspeptic patients were recruited for this study, and gastric biopsies were collected from each of them using upper digestive endoscopy. H. pylori was diagnosed using three biopsy-based methods: RUT, HIST, and PCR. RUT was performed using the commercially available PYLO DRYTM Kit, HIST was conducted with Hematoxylin & Eosin and Giemsa staining, and PCR was performed by amplifying the 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes. The patient had to test positive in at least two combined diagnostic methods to be confirmed as a case.
Results: The three biopsy-based methods (RUT, HIST, and PCR) showed positivity rates of 100% (80/80), 35% (28/80), and 65% (52/80), respectively. When all methods were combined to confirm H. pylori infection, 75% (60/80) of cases were confirmed, while the remaining 25% (20/80) were classified as undetermined, as they were positive only for RUT.
Conclusions: Despite slight differences, RUT and PCR performed well in diagnosing H. pylori compared to HIST. However, when all three methods were combined, they improved the accuracy of H. pylori diagnosis and infection confirmation.
Neuropathy among drug resistant HIV Patients treated in Jakarta
Authors: Ariyanto Ibnu A , Octaviana Fitri , Wardah Churi , Beti Ekawati , Widyaningtyas Silvia , Bela Budiman , Price Patricia , Soebandrio Amin
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Some people living with HIV (PLWH) receiving ART in Indonesia display poor clearance of replicating virus. This has been associated with HIV-associated sensory neuropathy. Here we assess whether treatment failure reflects the presence of drug resistance mutations.
Methodology: PLWH were stratified by HIV RNA levels using a ≥ 1000 copies/mL cut-off after 5.3 (2-7.5) years on ART. Drug-resistance mutations were analyzed in seven of ten cases with a detectable viral load. The HIV pol gene was screened for mutations affecting resistance to nucleoside inhibitors (NRTI), non-nucleoside inhibitors (NNRTI) and protease inhibitors (PI). We recorded co-infections, transmission routes, and neuropathy based on the Brief Peripheral Neuropathy Screen Tool.
Results: The primary HIV subtype was HIV-1 CRF01_AE, but one patient had subtype G. Polymorphisms affecting NRTI or NNRTI (6/7 cases) and protease inhibitors (1/7 cases) were identified. Three mutations affecting NRTI (M184V, M4IL, T215F), two for NNRTI (K103N, G190A) and five for protease inhibitors (M46I, I50V, I54V, V82A, N88NDGS) were evident. Subjects with resistance mutations were mostly intra-venous drug users (4/7) and had a higher risk of neuropathy (p = 0.016).
Conclusions: Drug resistance mutations were present in most cases of treatment failure examined and were therefore indirectly a risk factor for peripheral neuropathy.
First records of xanthochromism in common snook, Centropomus undecimalis (Actinopterygii: Carangiformes: Centropomidae), collected in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Wakida-Kusunoki Armando T. , Anislado-Tolentino Vicente , Del Moral-Flores Luis Fernando , Castro-Barbosa Rodolfo
Published: December 2024

The first case of xanthochromism in a female common snook, Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792), in the southern Gulf of Mexico is described. The specimen supporting this record was caught off the coast of Tabasco, Mexico and it represents the first fish case of this abnormal coloration in the Gulf of Mexico. The analyzed specimen measured 774 mm in total length. Its body was entirely orange with a lighter shade of orange on the belly, while the normal coloration of this fish species is dark to opaque grey with yellow to green tints on the dorsal part, silvery lateral side, white belly, and black lateral line. It is uncertain what caused this abnormality, but it is hypothesized that multiple environmental stressors, natural and anthropogenic, were responsible for the appearance of this particular abnormality and other similar cases in the area. Additional sampling and long-term monitoring are needed to determine the possible causes and their ecological impacts.
D6.2 Report on engagement with relevant projects and initiatives
Authors: Stoev Pavel , Barov Boris , Popova Gabriela , Mincheva Maria , Trajković Milica , Vujaklija Dajana , Ziv Guy , Gunning Jodi , Beckmann Michael , Paulus Anne , Bullock James , Evans Paul , Václavík Tomáš , Domingo-Marimon Cristina , Cord Anna , Roilo Stephanie
Published: December 2024

In order to enhance the visibility of BESTMAP project and its outcomes and to explore potential common activities and complementarities with other projects, initiatives, networks, and policy makers at EU level, the Plan of Engagement is developed and it will act as the strategy for creating a bridge between BESTMAP and all the other relevant projects or institutions. This document is an updated version of the Milestone 12 Plan of Engagement and it will serve as a strategic channel of relationship-building processes with identified related parties from now on. External relationships and engagement with relevant parties is a continuous process between BESTMAP and other parties. Therefore, the Plan of Engagement is considered as a living document that will be extended and changed as the engagement with all parties evolved.
The Role of the Capital of the Chinese Diaspora in the Economic Development of the PRC during the Reform Period (1979 – early 2020s)
Authors: Afonaseva Alina V.
Published: December 2024

The paper focuses on assessing the influence of the Chinese diaspora (overseas Chinese, in Chinese: huaqiao-huaren) on the economic development of the People’s Republic of China in the course of the reform and opening-up policy (1979-2020s). The author has studied virtually all the key official documents of the PRC leadership, which effectively engaged the Chinese diaspora in the nation’s long-term strategy of socialist modernisation. Based on the analysis of a large body of academic literature and statistical data, the author identified three main stages in the development of overseas Chinese enterprises in the PRC: 1979-1991, original capital accumulation and the policy of labour-intensive production of export products; 1992-2007, an investment boom and the transition from labour-intensive to capital-intensive production of export products; 2008-early 2020s, the transition to high-tech production and the replacement of foreign enterprises. Each stage is characterised in the context of the PRC’s diaspora policy and key developments in China and the world. The paper analyses the sectoral structure of the business activities of overseas Chinese-owned enterprises in the PRC. It shows that for almost the entire period of the reform and opening up policy, these companies focused on manufacturing, while their interest in the service sector was also growing. In total, overseas Chinese invested USD1.9 trillion in the PRC between 1979 and 2022, accounting for more than 67% of China’s total FDI stock. The author concludes that the PRC leadership has rationally used the resources of the Chinese diaspora to ensure their full participation in China’s economic development during the reform and opening-up period.
L’économie solidaire entre un mouvement par le bas et sa reconnaissance internationale
Authors: Telseren Aslı
Published: December 2024

En tant qu’alternative au système existant, les initiatives d’économie solidaire privilégient l’égalité, la réciprocité, la coopération, l’entraide mutuelle et la durabilité. Il s’agit d’un modèle populaire, développé par des individus et pour des individus. Cet article analyse les formes d’économie solidaire initiées par les femmes en Turquie dans les années 2010 via les exemples de Yoğurtçu Kadın Forumu (Forum de femmes du parc Yoğurtçu – alias YKF) et de Potlaç Kadın Kooperatifi (Coopérative de femmes Potlaç – alias Potlaç) et tente de préciser la nature de ces deux initiatives ainsi que leurs activités et enjeux qu’ils portent dans le cadre de l’économie solidaire et féministe.
Eugénie Grandet à l’écran
Authors: Baron Anne-Marie
Published: December 2024

On connaît dix adaptations cinématographiques d’ Eugénie Grandet entre 1921 et 2021 et six adaptations télévisuelles entre 1956 et 1994. Roman culte, lu dans le monde entier, et étudié en France au collège, il remplit toutes les conditions du succès international et de la politique patrimoniale de la télévision française. Cette filmographie – la plus complète à ce jour – est complétée par une analyse des films les plus célèbres.
La maison où « voir, c’est pis que toucher »
Authors: Gautier Jean-Jacques
Published: December 2024

Aborder Eugénie Grandet par ses « singuliers accessoires » (terme de théâtre) que sont éléments décoratifs et mobilier, permet de lire une temporalité autre que celle suggérée par le déroulé de l’action. Ce passé vétuste qui couvre d’un même ton atone, décor et objets d’ameublement, prend alors, sous le regard amoureux de la fille de la maison qui le considère, son lustre retrouvé, et rend actuel tout son potentiel de sens. Puis, en liant délibérément ces objets à une hérédité sur trois générations, du côté de Madame Grandet, Balzac fait de l’épouse effacée de la maison, à son corps défendant, l’héroïne du palimpseste. En accentuant le formalisme notarial de la digression, l’auteur inscrit meubles meublants et éléments signifiants de la maison Grandet, dans une lecture renouvelée où l’invention des trésors hérités, révèle une histoire familiale, et donne à Eugénie l’illusion d’un amour authentique. Balzac, par ces biens culturels du passé, témoins d’histoire, fait surgir, dans l’optique de la psyché du lecteur, comme dans la technique picturale de l’anamorphose, la question si actuelle pour lui, en ce second semestre 1833, de la paternité et du patrimoine familial. On trouve certainement dans Eugénie Grandet , une des exploitations les plus poussées de l’ameublement, de ce mobilier medium illustré si souvent dans La Comédie humaine .
Progrès scientifique et romanesque médical dans Eugénie Grandet
Authors: Girard Christelle
Published: December 2024

Nous cherchons, dans cet article, à analyser dans quelle mesure Eugénie Grandet met au point un romanesque médical dont la symbiose, conjuguant romanesque et production de savoirs scientifiques, s’inscrit dans un mouvement d’évolution des théories médicales. Balzac convoque ainsi des cas et symptômes cliniques pour créer, sous la monarchie de Juillet, un nouveau romanesque. Mais plus encore, les fictionnalisations de ce roman de 1833 annoncent des concepts médicaux, psychiatriques et psychanalytiques qui seront ensuite théorisés, dans la deuxième moitié du xix e siècle et au xx e . Au carrefour de la littérature et des sciences, Eugénie Grandet met rigoureusement en scène, selon notre hypothèse, l’étude clinique de l’influence des émotions et passions sur la santé physique, participant dès lors à l’émergence et l’évolution de la science psychosomatique.
« Est-ce que nous ne vivons pas des morts ? »
Authors: Ledda Sylvain
Published: December 2024

Omniprésents dès l’ incipit , l’or et la mort ont partie liée dans ce roman. Ressort traditionnel du récit, la mort affecte la maison Grandet dans la nature des lieux, sombres et humides. Péripétie d’importance, le suicide de Guillaume Grandet et les réactions qu’il suscite dans la famille dessinent une ligne de partage entre Eugénie et son père. La mort de Mme Grandet accentue cette fracture: le matérialisme goguenard du vieil avare s’oppose au sublime dévouement de sa fille. Révélateur, au sens chimique du terme, la mort révèle à eux-mêmes les personnages.
Un bouquet d’ancêtres
Authors: Senut Brigitte
Published: December 2024

La découverte en 2000 d’ Orrorin tugenensis dans le Miocène supérieur des Collines Tugen (Kenya) a conduit à reconsidérer plusieurs idées concernant les origines de l’Homme. La dichotomie entre les chimpanzés et les Hommes devait être plus ancienne qu’on ne le pensait (10 à 12 millions d’années contre les 4 à 6 millions d’années généralement admis) ; les hominidés anciens n’avaient pas vécu dans une savane, mais dans un environnement plus boisé/forestier où ils pouvaient se déplacer de manière bipède et grimper aux arbres ; l’ancêtre commun ne ressemblait pas à un chimpanzé que ce soit dans son anatomie dentaire ou postcrânienne. Le paléoenvironnement était composé d’une forêt sempervirente sèche avec des zones plus humides et des parties herbeuses réduites. Dans cette définition assez large de l’environnement, on peut imaginer la présence de zones boisées de type Miombo, qui pouvaient avantager des animaux qui grimpaient avec un tronc redressé. En ce qui concerne les origines géographiques des hominidés, il est suggéré de mieux considérer la zone tropicale qui s’étendait à l’époque entre le sud de l’Eurasie et l’Afrique australe.