bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LITERATURE REVIEW: PROTEASE INHIBITORS AS PROMISING AGENTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST COVID-19 – EVALUATION OF ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY
Authors: Fakhradiyev I.R. , Saliev T.M. , Tanabayeva Sh.B. , Fazylov T.R. , Kulimbet M.B. , Muratova K.A. , Ahmad N.S. , Abdykerimova K.B. , Orazymbetova A.M.
Published: September 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated an urgent search for effective therapeutics. Protease inhibitors have gained considerable attention as potential antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2. This literature review aims to evaluate the current state of research on the antiviral activity of protease inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2, focusing on their mechanism of action, in-vitro efficacy, clinical trial findings, and issues related to drug resistance and side effects. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using relevant keywords. A total of 22 studies, comprising various research designs, were included in the review. Results: Protease inhibitors effectively target key viral enzymes, demonstrating strong binding affinities. In-vitro studies generally indicate a broad-spectrum efficacy against SARS-CoV-2. However, clinical trials have shown mixed results, with some studies indicating significant benefits, while others do not. Side effects are common but generally manageable. The likelihood of drug resistance remains relatively low but is a potential concern. Conclusion: Protease inhibitors hold promise as antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2 due to their robust mechanisms of action and in-vitro efficacy. However, clinical utility remains a matter of ongoing debate. Further research, particularly longterm and multi-center trials, are essential to fully establish the role of protease inhibitors in COVID-19 treatment. Issues related to drug resistance and side effects need to be carefully considered. Overall, protease inhibitors could serve as a valuable component of a multi-pronged therapeutic approach against COVID-19.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ КЛАПАННОЙ БРОНХОБЛОКАЦИИ В КОМПЛЕКСНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ БОЛЬНЫХ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗОМ ЛЕГКИХ С ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬЮ
Authors: Еримбетов К.Д. , Бектурсинов Б.У. , Ибраев Ж.А. , Аубакиров Е.А. , Имахаев А.К. , Тургумбаев Б.А. , Левин А.В.
Published: September 2024

В данной статье проанализированы результаты ретроспективного исследования у 60 пациентов с туберкулезом с широкой лекарственной устойчивостью, где в основной группе на фоне противотуберкулезной химиотерапии препаратами третьего ряда был применен метод клапанной бронхоблокации. Для сравнения результатов лечения у остальной половины пациентов лечение проводилось только противотуберкулезными препаратами. В результате исследования установлено, что при использовании клапанной бронхоблокации в комплексном лечении пациентов с туберкулезом легких с широкой лекарственной устойчивостью отмечено закрытие распада, а также прекращение бактериовыделения и терапевтический успех достигнут в 73,3% случаях против 30% группы сравнения. Клапанная бронхоблокация является эффективным и безопасным немедикаментозным методом в комплексном лечении пациентов туберкулезом легких с лекарственной устойчивостью.
СОВРЕМЕННОЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ТРИРСКОГО СОЦИАЛЬНОГО СТРЕСС-ТЕСТА В ПСИХОЛОГИИ
Authors: Ким А.А. , Абсатарова Г.П. , Досмагамбет Ж.М. , Куатбек М.М.
Published: September 2024

Трирский социальный стресс-тест – это популярный инструмент в области психометрии, который используется для измерения реакции человека на стрессовые ситуации. В данной статье рассматривается история развития теста, его основные принципы и методики проведения, а также роль данного инструмента в психологических исследованиях. Обсуждаются актуальные исследования, связанные с Трирским тестом, и его влияние на понимание стрессовых реакций и психоэмоционального состояния человека.
ПОНИМАНИЕ КОНЦЕПЦИИ ПЕРЕПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЯ ВОЗРАСТА
Authors: Жакупова А.С. , Турмухамбетова А.А. , Салиев Т.М. , Сингх П.Б.
Published: September 2024

Перепрограммирование возраста представляет собой новый метод создания пациент-специфичных тканей для трансплантации. Данный метод позволяет обойти цикл повторной дифференцировки, характерный для индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клеток (iPS) и ядерно-трансферных эмбриональных стволовых клеток (NT-ES). Данные технологии вызывают большой интерес в регенеративной медицине. Несмотря на очевидный потенциал клеточной терапии iPS и NT-ES, существует несколько проблем, которые необходимо преодолеть, прежде чем данные методы лечения станут безопасными и рутинными. Альтернативой вышеперечисленным методам является перепрограммирование возраста, которое направлено на омоложение специализированных функций старой клетки без прохождения де-дифференцировки. Также в отличие от клеточной терапии iPS и NT-ES, перепрограммирование возраста не требует прохождения перепрограммирования развития через эмбриональную стадию. Работы по перепрограммированию возраста были в основном сосредоточены на одном аспекте – эпигеноме. Эпигенетическое омоложение было достигнуто in vitro в отсутствии дедифференцировки с использованием факторов перепрограммирования iPS клеток. Исследования динамики перепрограммирования эпигенетического возраста (eAge) показали, что отличие eAge от перепрограммирования развития может быть в значительной степени объяснено их различной кинетикой. Перепрограммирование возраста также было достигнуто in vivo и было показано, что оно увеличивает продолжительность жизни у мышей с преждевременным старением. В данной статье приводятся доказательства того, что перепрограммирование развития можно регулировать in vitro и in vivo, а также направления будущих исследований для углубления нашего понимания данного явления, которое даст значительные преимущества в регенеративной терапии.
КРАТКОСРОЧНЫЕ СХЕМЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННО-УСТОЙЧИВОГО ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА: ОБЗОР КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ
Authors: Рыскулов Г.П. , Аденов М.М. , Турдалиева Б.С. , Марьяндышев А.О.
Published: September 2024

Лечение лекарственно-устойчивых форм туберкулеза (ЛУ ТБ) длительное и многокомпонентное, что ложится бременем не только на систему здравоохранения, но и на людей, затронутых туберкулезом ввиду снижения мотивации к лечению, возникающих нежелательных явлений, длительно сохраняющейся нетрудоспособности. Начиная с 2016 года в мире и в Казахстане стали внедряться новые и перепрофилированные лекарственные препараты для лечения ЛУ ТБ, призванные сократить длительность лечения ЛУ ТБ, повысить клиническую эффективность лечения и снизить экономическое бремя от заболевания. В обзоре проанализировано 25 источников литературы за последние 7 лет в базе данных Pubmed, представляющих актуальные данные об эффективности коротких режимов лечения ЛУ ТБ в мире и в Казахстане, а также их экономичность.
РОЛЬ ДИСЛИПИДЕМИИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ ПОСЛЕ АОРТО-КОРОНАРНОГО ШУНТИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: Ракишева А.Г. , Сенкибаева Д.Т. , Ердесов С.Б. , Абдильдаев М.Ш. , Нуржанова М.А.
Published: September 2024

Дислипидемии – нарушения в системе транспорта липидов и липопротеинов, проявляющееся повышенными показателями холестерина (ХС), триглицеридов (ТГ), липопротеина низкой плотности (ЛПНП) и обратным снижением уровней липопротеинов высокой плотности (ЛПВП), которое наиболее часто ассоциируется с повышенным риском атеросклеротических сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (АССЗ). Мировые данные 2019 года по смертности вследствие ишемической болезни сердца показывают, что из 8.54 миллионов смертей, около половины связано с повышенным уровнем ЛПНП. В настоящее время дислипидемии являются активной и расширяющейся областью исследований, включая исследования относительно их молекулярной основы и генетического происхождении. Однако дислипидемии у пациентов после реваскуляризации миокарда имеют свои особенности в предоперационном и послеоперационном периоде. Контроль за уровнем ХС ЛПНП у пациентов до АКШ, включает в себя прием высоких доз статинов до проведения операции, так как это значительно снижает риск сердечно сосудистых событий (на 44%) в виде смерти и инфаркта миокарда. После АКШ уровень ХС ЛПНП имеет прямую зависимость с рисками серьезных сердечно-сосудистых событий (MACE). Данный обзор на основе актуальных литературных данных позволит суммировать уже имеющиеся данные и осветить усовершенствования, включая классификацию дислипидемий и их роль в развитии атеросклероза коронарных артерий (КА), а также методы лечения атеросклероза КА, хирургические и медикаментозные, включая новейшие методы лечения.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ НА КОНТРОЛЬ ЗА УРОВНЕМ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ ПРОТИВОТУБЕРКУЛЕЗНЫХ МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ
Authors: Нурлыбаев Е.Ш. , Хорошаш А.Н. , Исмаилов К.О. , Есен А.К. , Игольникова В.В. , Амиркулова С.А. , Яркова Р.Д. , Киль Н.В. , Ким Н.А.
Published: September 2024

Методы выявления больных туберкулезом доступны человечеству уже много лет. Несмотря на наличие эффективных методов и подходов к диагностике, сохраняется проблема недостаточно хорошо организованной системы. Тем самым, в Карагандинской области для детального анализа проблемных ситуаций, текущего мониторинга ситуации, информационной поддержки электронных программ надзора за туберкулезом и профилактическими мероприятиями в контроле по снижению заболеваемости и смертности от туберкулеза функционирует ситуационный центр для получения полной, достоверной и оперативной информации в разрезе медицинских организаций, отделений и каждого врача в отдельности.
ОПЫТ РАБОТЫ ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКОЙ ЛАБОРАТОРИИ РГП НА ПХВ «КАЗАХСКИЙ НАУЧНЫЙ ЦЕНТР ДЕРМАТОЛОГИИ И ИНФЕКЦИОННЫХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ» МЗ РК ПО ВНЕДРЕНИЮ СТАНДАРТА СТ РК ISO 15189 2015 «ЛАБОРАТОРИИ МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ. ТРЕБОВАНИЯ К КАЧЕСТВУ И КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ»
Authors: Тажибаева Г.Х. , Нургалиева А.М. , Дзисюк Н.В. , Магай А.В. , Умутбаева Г.Б.
Published: September 2024

В статье освещены некоторые моменты проведенной работы для прохождения процедуры аккредитации диагностической лаборатории Казахского научного центра дерматологии и инфекционных заболеваний (КНЦДИЗ) в Национальной системе аккредитации на соответствие стандарта СТ РК ISO 15189 2015 «Лаборатории медицинские. Требования к качеству и компетенции». Особое внимание уделяется проведению внутрилабораторного и внешнего контроля качества как основных составляющих успешной аккредитации.
БРЕМЯ КОРЕВОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ КАК СЕРЬЕЗНЫЙ ВЫЗОВ ОБЩЕСТВУ И ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЮ
Authors: Алекешева Л.Ж. , Бейсенбинова Ж.Б. , Темирбаева Л.Ж. , Юсупов Ш.Р. , Расулова М.С.
Published: September 2024

в статье дана оценка эпидемиологической ситуации по кори в мире и Казахстане, информация о генотипах коревого вируса, обозначены основные проблемы вакцинопрофилактики кори за период 2018–2024 гг., причины, препятствующие элиминации кори в современных условиях, и возможные пути их устранения. Дана оценка состояния привитости населения и данные об осведомленности людей в отношении ККП вакцины (корь, краснуха, эпидемический паротит), описана ситуация формирования мнения о связи ККП вакцины и возможностью возникновения аутизма.
ШАЛА ТУЫЛҒАН НӘРЕСТЕЛЕРДЕГІ БРОНХ ӨКПЕ ДИСПЛАЗИЯСЫНЫҢ КЛИНИКАЛЫҚ ЖӘНЕ РЕНТГЕНДІК ЗЕРТТЕУ НӘТИЖЕЛЕРІ
Authors: Сейсебаева Р.Ж. , Сайранқызы С. , Нургалиева Ж.Ж. , Cагатбаева Н.А. , Ажахметова М.З. , Сатаева А.А.
Published: September 2024

Зерттеуге бронх-өкпелік дисплазиясы бар шала туылған 111 бала және бронх-өкпелік дисплазиясы жоқ шала туылған 109 бала қатысты. Негізгі топта көпшілігі (55,0%) 22-27 апталық жүктілік кезінде туылған, сонымен қатар негізгі топтағы балалар өте төмен дене салмағымен (<1000 г) 69,4% туылған. Негізгі топтағы нәрестелердің 64,0 % (n=71) тері жамылғысының түсі боз қызғылт болса, бұл белгі бақылау тобындағы нәрестелердің 47,7% (n=52) кездесті (p=0,015). БӨД қалыптасқан нәрестелерде терінің сұр реңі 38,7% (n=43) байқалса, аталған ауруы жоқ нәрестелерде ол 32,1% (n=35) жағдайда байқалды. Негізгі топтағы нәрестелердің 76,6% (n=85), бақылау тобында 44,0% (n=49) тері жамылғысының мәрмарлығы байқалды (p<0,001). Цианоз негізгі топта 23,4% (n=26) байқалса, бақылау тобында цианоз тек бір балада анықталған (р<0,001). Периоралды цианоз топтар арасында біртекті жиілікпен кездесті, сәйкесінше 64,9% (n=72) және 59,6% (n=65) құрады. Акроцианоз негізгі топта 72,1% (n=80), бақылау тобындағы балаларда жиірек кездесіп 85,3% (n=93) болды (р=0,017). БӨД қалыптасқан нәрестелерде және бақылау тобында ең жиі өкпе суретінің күшеюі анықталды, сәйкесінше 64,9% (n=72) және 33,9% (n=37) құрады (р < 0,001). Өкпе суретінің деформациясы негізгі топтағы нәрестелердің жартысынан астамында кездесіп 53,2 % (n=59), бақылау тобында 11,0% құрады (р < 0,001).
БОЛЕЕ ПОЛУВЕКОВАЯ ПОЗИЦИЯ КЕТАМИНА В АНЕСТЕЗИОЛОГИИ (обзорная статья)
Authors: Утегенова Ж.А. , Джолдыбеков Т.С. , Макенова А.М.
Published: September 2024

Цель. Обобщить результаты научных исследований и практического опыта зарубежных и отечественных ученых, описать хронологическое становление кетамина как анестезиологического и «антигиперальгезирующего» препарата. Материалы и методы исследования. Для анализа научной информации и создания данной статьи использованы материалы из источников электронных научно-информационных ресурсов (зарубежные и российские источники) «eLibrary», «Scholar.ru», «Российская государственная библиотека», платформ «Nature», «World Scientific», «Thieme Connect» и других. Основные выводы. Анализ литературы показал, что по сегодняшний день кетамин не потерял свою практическую значимость в анестезиологии и реаниматологии.
AI IN IDENTIFYING AGING MARKERS
Authors: Suleimenova M. , Siming Ch. , Shomanov A. , Abzaliyev K. , Kurmanova A. , Abzaliyeva S. , Abdykassymova M. , Sagalbayeva U. , Bitemirova R. , Sundetova D. , Bugibayeva A.
Published: September 2024

As the global population ages, there is a growing need to understand the complex processes associated with aging and to identify reliable markers that can aid in early diagnosis, intervention, and personalized healthcare. This article provides a comprehensive review of the applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in identifying aging markers. The integration of AI techniques, such as machine learning and data analytics, has significantly advanced our ability to analyze vast and diverse datasets related to genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, imaging, and clinical records. The review discusses the integration of clinical data, lifestyle factors, and environmental information using AI, providing a holistic understanding of aging markers. The investigation explores the use of AI in predicting an individual’s risk of accelerated aging by considering diverse factors. The integration of AI into the identification of aging markers represents a paradigm shift in aging research. This review underscores the potential of AI in revolutionizing our understanding of aging and paving the way for innovative strategies in age-related disease prevention and management.
ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА СЕЛЕЗЕНОЧНЫХ ИММУНОЦИТОВ ПРИ ВОСПАЛЕНИИ, ВЫЗВАННОМ НА ФОНЕ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ КАДМИЯ И СВИНЦА
Authors: Кайранбаева Г.К. , Балабекова М.К. , Эдгарас С.
Published: September 2024

работа выполнена с целью изучения влияния хлорида кадмия (ХК) и ацетата свинца (АС) на течение асептического воспаления (АВ), а также возможность иммунной модуляции течения АВ. В настоящей работе исследована активность (CD4+ (Th), CD8+ (CTL), CD4+CD25+ (активированные Т-клетки), CD4+CTLA-4+ (Tрегуляторные клетки)) с помощью проточной цитофлуориметрии. Исследование проводили на 3 группах животных, в эксперимент взяты 42 беспородных крыс-самцов массой 180-220±20г, содержавшихся в стандартных условиях вивария на обычном пищевом рационе. У опытных животных интоксикацию вызывали введением ХК и АС в дозе по 2,5 мг/кг м.т. перорально в течение двух недель, по окончании чего у животных моделировали асептическое воспаление. Было установлено, что соли кадмия и свинца оказывали системное иммунотоксическое действие на животных, выражающееся в снижении уровня эффекторных иммунных популяций CD4+ Th-клеток. Хлорид кадмия и ацетат свинца приводили к дисрегуляции воспалительного процесса, выражающейся в снижении доли CTL, а также в повышении доли Treg-клеток, что свидетельствует о повышенном иммуносупрессорном фоне.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПОЛИОКСИДОНИЯ НА АКТИВНОСТЬ В-КЛЕТОК И Т-РЕГУЛЯТОРНЫХ КЛЕТОК ОПЫТНЫХ КРЫС В ДИНАМИКЕ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ВОСПАЛЕНИЯ
Authors: Токушева А.Н. , Балабекова М.К. , Сулев Х.
Published: September 2024

работа выполнена с целью изучения влияния метаванадата аммония (ВА) и бихромата калия (БК), а также их сочетанного воздействия в условиях асептического воспаления для оценки влияния патогенетической коррекции полиоксидонием на количество и экспрессию функциональных маркеров Трег- и В-клеток у крыс. В настоящей работе исследована активность CD4+, CD4+CD25+, CD4+FoxP3+, CD4+FoxP3+CTLA4+ с помощью проточной цитофлуориметрии. Эксперименты выполнены на 54 белых крысах-самцах массой 180–220 г, проведены 4 серии экспериментов. У опытных животных интоксикацию солями металлов вызывали введением ВА и БК в дозе по 5 мг/кг м.т. перорально в течение двух недель. По окончании двухнедельной затравки ВА и БК у животных вызывали асептическое воспаление после моделирования асептического воспаления на фоне интоксикации ВА и БК и проводили коррекцию полиоксидонием в дозе 0,008 мг подкожно для крысы весом 100 г. Было установлено, что метаванадат аммония и бихромат калия повышают долю B220+RT1+-спленоцитов. На поздних стадиях воспаления повышается доля Трег-клеток и экспрессия ими супрессорных маркеров. Соли ванадия и хрома, а также сочетанное воздействие металлов и асептического воспаления приводят к хроническому повышению доли Трег -клеток, FoxP3+ и CTLA4+. Полиоксидоний обладает стимулирующим эффектом на В-лимфоциты и ингибирует активность Трегклеток при асептическом воспалении на фоне действия метаванадата аммония и бихромата калия.
Effect of Nitrates supplementation on Muscle Hypertrophy and Athletic Performance: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Akademeia High School, Poland, Stefanska Olga , Rudnicki Jakub ,   Akademeia High School, Poland, Szczepocki Matthew ,   Akademeia High School, Poland, Jurek Joanna Michalina ,   Akademeia High School, Poland,   Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV), Spain
Published: September 2024

Background and Study Aim. The consumption of nitrate has been linked to various advantages, including aiding recovery by lessening fatigue, enhancing oxygen supply to muscles, and increasing the elimination of metabolic by-products during intense physical activity. Given the rising trend of utilizing dietary supplements for peak athletic performance, this literature review aims to explore the role and promise of nitrate supplementation in influencing muscle function and boosting physical prowess, while also shedding light on its potential perks and drawbacks. Material and Methods. Electronic databases including Web of Science (all databases), PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, were explored on June 11, 2022. The search terms were drawn from prior systematic reviews on nitrate supplementation and exercise and informed by a recent narrative review on Nitrates impact on athletic performance and muscle hypertrophy. Results. The findings of this review indicate that nitrate intake, owing to its ability to widen blood vessels, could potentially enhance blood flow and oxygen delivery to muscles during exercise. Consequently, this improved circulation might facilitate better nutrient and oxygen transportation to muscle tissue, thereby fostering muscle development through enhanced nutrient absorption and waste removal during physical exertion. However, it's crucial to note that excessive nitrate consumption might trigger adverse effects related to the formation of nitrosamines. Conclusion. In summary, investigations into the potential advantages of nitrate supplementation, whether through dietary sources or supplements, in augmenting athletic performance are promising. This is evident from the observed effects of increased muscle protein synthesis, reduced muscle soreness, and enhanced cognitive function under stressful conditions. Nonetheless, it's imperative to exercise caution against over-supplementation due to the potential risks of toxicity and associated side effects.
What is the relationship between body mass index and reaction speed in PPLOP boxing athletes in Central Java?
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia, Islam Syahrizal
Published: September 2024

Background and Study Aim. Boxing requires an optimal balance between body weight and reaction speed. Body Mass Index (BMI) is a common measure used to assess body composition. For boxers, maintaining weight within the optimal range is crucial for peak performance. Additionally, reaction speed is a key skill in boxing; the ability to quickly respond to an opponent’s moves can significantly impact match outcomes. Material and Methods. This cross-sectional study utilized quantitative data analysis. Primary data included body weight, height, and reaction speed from a sample of 12 PPLOP Central Java boxing athletes. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, while the linearity test evaluated whether the relationships between variables were linear. Bivariate correlation tests were conducted. The study used Body Mass Index and Hand Touch Reaction tests with validity levels of 0.98 and 0.323, respectively, for measuring body weight, height, and reaction speed. Results. There is a relationship between body weight and reaction speed with a sig value of .003 <0.05 with a negative relationship direction. 2. there is no relationship between height and reaction speed with a sig value of (0.798>0.05) with a negative relationship direction, 3. there is a relationship between body mass index and reaction speed with a sig value of .001 <0.05 with a negative relationship direction Conclusion. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that there is a linear relationship between body weight and reaction speed, there is no linear relationship between height and reaction speed and there is a linear relationship between body mass index and reaction speed.
Game model to improve motor skills through traditional sports: Development study on elementary school students
Authors:   Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Yayasan Pendidikan Bakti Wanita Islam Surabaya, Jawa Timur Indonesia, Yusroni Moh
Published: September 2024

Background and Study Aim. Physical education is a mandatory subject at school which aims to improve students' physical fitness and motor skills to support student activities at school. In elementary school, physical education activities are carried out in a fun way and in the form of games. This research aims to develop a game model that aims to improve the motor skills of elementary school students through traditional sports. Material and Methods. The game model developed integrates various traditional sports that are rich in cultural values and require various motor skills. This research uses the Research & Development (R&D) method. The subjects in this research were elementary school students in Sidoarjo City. The stages in this research are: needs analysis, expert evaluation, small group trials, and large group trials. The data analysis technique in this research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method, involving a pretest-posttest control group design to compare the effectiveness of game models on elementary school students' motor skills. Results. The research results showed that this game model succeeded in significantly improving students' motor skills, as well as increasing their interest and participation in sports activities. The effectiveness test of this development product is based on the assessment of 3 motor development experts. The value obtained was 87.% which was declared valid and suitable for use. Conclusion. Based on the development results, it can be concluded: (1) Can be used as a reference to improve students' motor skills. (2) The resulting model has several variations using traditional games. (3) This game model will increase children's interest in participating, because it is a fun game. (4) Participate in preserving national culture, especially traditional games.
Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity as Light Absorber for Luminescent Solar Concentrators
Authors: Wang Yuxing , Jiang Meihuizi , Haque Saif A. , Rochat Sebastien
Published: September 2024

Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) hold the promise to make solar electricity more affordable by reducing the need for expensive photovoltaic cells and enabling less conventional forms of photovoltaics such as solar windows or roofs, and other architectural elements. Here we demonstrate the use of a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) as an efficient light absorber in an LSC, combined with a red-emitting dye. The prepared prototype LSC displays a good internal efficiency (25.3%) and external efficiency (11.4%), and performance metrics that show promise for the use of polymers of intrinsic microporosity as light harvesters. This work significantly broadens the potential applications of PIMs beyond their more traditional functions in molecular separations and other adsorption-based processes.
Site-Selective C–H Mono- and Bis-Thianthrenation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Sprachmann Josefine , Petrik Adam , Douglas Clara , Dumele Oliver
Published: September 2024

Organic functional materials are often constructed from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. They contain multiple C–H positions making site-selective functionalization challenging. We present the highly site-selective thianthrenation of unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons giving single regioisomers. The site-selectivity was computationally rationalized using DFT methods. Bis-thianthrenation was achieved on biphenyl and azulene, with structures confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. These results encourage the use of thianthrenation for the construction of building blocks for organic functional materials.
High entropy alloys: assessing atomic-scale mixing and surface passivation with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
Authors: Laurent Oscar F. , De Marco Maria Letizia , Faustini Marco , Boissière Cédric , Poleunis Claude , Delcorte Arnaud , Debecker Damien P.
Published: September 2024

High entropy alloys (HEAs) are alloys that consist of five or more principal elements in near-equiatomic proportions, that tend to form simple solid solutions during solidification owing to high mixing entropy. HEAs have been identified as promising candidates for various heterogeneous catalysis and electrocatalysis applications. This work illustrates the utility of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) in analyzing HEAs, offering detailed chemical information about the top layers of a sample. Ru-Pt-Pd-Ir-Rh based porous HEAs with different mixing characteristics were analyzed alongside seven simpler alloys. An automatic quantification process was developed to effectively deal with the large data sets obtained from ToF-SIMS spectra of HEAs, allowing for accurate and reliable data interpretation. The complex chemical fingerprint obtained from the alloys surface was translated into a matrix showing the individual isotopic mass distributions of each poly atomic chemical species. From this, we introduce two key metrics: the Cluster Ratio (CR) and the Oxide Ratio (OR), to quantify respectively the degree of atomic-level mixing and the surface oxidation. With such data processing framework in hands, ToF-SIMS becomes a highly effective tool for assessing the properties of HEAs. Our findings reveal that increasing elemental complexity (number of different elements in the alloy) enhances atomic mixing. Moreover, HEAs with enhanced atomic mixing are shown to be more resistant to surface oxidation.
Co(II)-Catalyzed Isomerization of Enals using Hydrogen Atom Transfer
Authors: Qiqige Qiqige , Richmond Edward , Paciello Rocco , Schelwies Mathias , Lundgren Rylan
Published: September 2024

The catalytic isomerization of alkenes is a well-studied and valuable process in synthesis. Despite the development of numerous metal-catalyzed isomerization catalysts, methods for the selective isomerization of methylenic enal substrates have not been established. To develop a process for the synthesis of an enal acetate, the so called C5-Acetate that is important in the industrial preparation of vitamin A, we show here that Co(II)-based hydrogen atom transfer catalysts under H2 promote such isomerizations in high yield (often 90%) with low catalyst loading (0.1 mol%). D-labelling studies suggest both the enal isomerization process and catalyst activation by H2 to be reversible.
Problems of optimizing the production and export of environmentally friendly consumer products in Azerbaijan
Authors: Khalilov Ilgar , Eminov Farhad
Published: September 2024

State of the problem. In the article, it is justified that the provision of a green economy based on environmentalization, modernization, innovation and new technologies in the production and processing of agricultural products leads to a radical improvement of production, protection of natural capital and ecosystem services, and reduction of pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. It was noted that the regulation of agricultural production systems in the country requires the expansion of agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, contribute to the protection of ecosystems, adaptation to climate change, extreme weather events, droughts, and floods.

Research object. It is the production, processing, consumption and export of agricultural products of Azerbaijan.

The purpose of the study is to promote the production of ecologically clean and export-important consumer products in Azerbaijan and the stimulation of its export. Introducing the country to the world with branded products, attracting foreign investments to this field, increasing the population's interest in the agricultural field, and attracting innovative technology to the field are also considered important. It is the determination of the damage caused by the impact on the agricultural sector and nature due to the degradation of the growing environmental components. Minimizing losses at this stage and optimizing the development of the agro-industrial complex is one of the main factors.

Methodology. Generalization, historical, statistical, systematic analysis and comparison methods were used in the preparation of the article.

Scientific novelty of the research. Implementation of the production and processing of ecologically clean agro-industrial products that do not harm human health and the environment, regular monitoring of the ecological condition of the soil, and the provision of increasing the production and assortment of ecologically clean export-oriented food and light industrial products.

Research results. In the article, it is explained that the development of the green economy in Azerbaijan is an integral part of the state policy, and it occupies an important place in the state administration, on the example of export-oriented food and light industrial products. It is noted that the sustainability of the development of the green economy acts as a criterion for the production of competitive products of the state, which contributes positively to the provision of people's vital needs.
Nanorobots and its advancements in medical field
Authors: Atheena Milagi Pandian S. , Rashika Murugan , Sri Manoj Kumar N. , Sudherson M.
Published: September 2024

This paper reviews the potential applications of nanorobots in oncology, cardiology, neurology, respiratory medicine, and nephrology, emphasizing their role in precision drug delivery, cancer therapy, diagnostic procedures, surgical interventions, and disease management. Nanorobots perform particular tasks with great accuracy and precision. They are capable of sensing the environment, transmitting signals to technicians, processing information, and exhibiting intelligence at the nanoscale. They are utilized for treating various illnesses in medical specialties such as cardiology, respiratory, neurology, nephrology, and ophthalmology. Nanorobots can be primarily used in surgery. The material characteristics, such as non-toxicity and biocompatibility, are critical for their safe interaction within the human body. Furthermore, various insertion methods, including intravenous and intra-tumoral injections, are explored. Future advancements are anticipated to enhance multifunctionality, targeting specificity, and integration with artificial intelligence, leading to more autonomous and efficient nanorobots. The integration of nanorobots in medical practice could revolutionize healthcare by offering minimally invasive, highly precise, and personalized treatment options, significantly improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Anthropometrical and Physical Performance Profiles of Military Cadets from Angola
Authors:   University of Beira Interior, Department of Sport Sciences, Covilhã, Portugal, Coge Manuel , Neiva Henrique P. ,   University of Beira Interior, Department of Sport Sciences, Covilhã, Portugal,   Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Covilhã, Portugal, Pereira Ana ,   Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Educação, Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologias, Setúbal,   Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior, Portugal,   SPRINT Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center, Centro de Investigação e Inovação em Desporto Atividade Física e Saúde, Santarém, Portugal, Ribeiro Bruno ,   University of Beira Interior, Department of Sport Sciences, Covilhã, Portugal, Esteves Dulce ,   University of Beira Interior, Department of Sport Sciences, Covilhã, Portugal,   Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Covilhã, Portugal
Published: September 2024

Military efforts must include different evaluations to prepare for battles around the world. This study aimed to characterize the body composition and physical performance levels of military cadets from Angola. Ninety military academy participants (males: n=48, females: n=42) aged 18-24 years old performed a battery of physical fitness tests to evaluate upper and lower limbs muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition. Significant differences between sexes were observed in all variables (p<0.05). Males and females, respectively, showed normal-range values in the body mass index (BMI) (23.32±3.95; 24.75±4.01 Kg/m2), body fat (9.09±6.17; 14.59±8.86 kg), push-ups (36.88±9.81; 20.67±6.62 repetitions), sit-ups (71.04±17.14; 61.95±19.05 repetitions) and medicine ball throwing (5.06±0.89; 4.00±0.84 m). However, countermovement jump (36.14±6.54; 23.53±7.62 cm), 80-meter sprint (13.08±1.90; 14.96±2.01 s), cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake: 38.02±6.3; 33.18±6.49 ml/kg/min), and fat-free mass values (54.17 ± 8.06; 46.18 ± 6.9 kg) were considered low, specifically in females. Military cadets from Angola, especially females, presented low values of fat-free mass, cardiorespiratory fitness, and neuromuscular maximal performances (countermovement jump and sprint). This highlights a need for body composition and physical condition improvement to perform physical tasks with high military relevance.
Does the Final Score Influence the Physical Demands of Women’s Handball Matches?
Authors:   Deporte y Entrenamiento Research Group, Departamento de Deportes, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martín Fierro 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain, Garcia-Sanchez Carlos , Navarro Rafael Manuel ,   Faculty of Sports Sciences, European University of Madrid; 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain, Nieto-Acevedo Raúl ,   Deporte y Entrenamiento Research Group, Departamento de Deportes, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Martín Fierro 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain, de la Rubia Alfonso ,   Faculty of Sports Sciences, European University of Madrid; 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was twofold: to analyze and compare the influence of the final score of the match (close, balanced and unbalanced) on physical demands during official competitions in women’s handball; and to investigate if the physical demands of each playing position are affected by the final score. Twenty-two semi-professional female players from the Spanish 2nd Division were monitored across 13 official matches. Total distance (TD), high-speed running (HSR), high-intensity braking distance (HIBD), accelerations (ACC), decelerations (DEC) and PlayerLoad (PL) were collected in absolute and relative values using a local positioning system (WIMU PRO™, Realtrack Systems S.L., Almería, Spain). Two-way ANOVA with partial Eta-squared and Cohen’s d were used to determine the differences between playing positions and match types. Unbalanced (16.4±4.1 n·min−1) and balanced matches (15.2±3.8 n·min−1) elicited higher DEC/min than close matches (13.1±2.8 n·min−1) (p<0.001, moderate effects). In relation to playing positions, wings covered the largest TD and registered the highest values of PL in balanced and unbalanced matches (p<0.001, large effects). Also, wings presented the highest values of HIBD, HSR and HSR/min regardless of the final score (p<0.05, moderate effects). Moreover, wings performed largely more number of ACC and DEC compared to pivots in unbalanced matches (p<0.05, large effects). In conclusion, this study showed that the final score of the match influences the physical demands experienced by female handball players during official competitions. This information should be considered by coaches to adapt and periodize the training load across the microcycle.
The use of Loss Velocity and the Rate of Perceived Exertion to Assess Effort Intensity During Sets of Bench Press Exercise Performed until Exhaustion
Authors:   Federal University of Santa Catarina, Center of Sports, Florianópolis, Brazil, Antunes Lara , Külkamp Wladymir ,   Santa Catarina State University, Center for Health and Sport Sciences, Florianópolis, Brazil, Dal Pupo Juliano ,   Federal University of Santa Catarina, Center of Sports, Florianópolis, Brazil
Published: September 2024

The objective of the present study was to verify the agreement and correlation between effort intensity determined from the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and loss velocity in sets performed to exhaustion in the bench press exercise at a self-selected velocity. Thirty-five men and women practitioners of resistance training (33.61±8.16 years; 172.75±11.04 cm of stature; 76.79±15.57 kg of body mass) were evaluated. Participants were familiarized and then performed two sets of bench press performed until exhaustion at a self-selected velocity at 70% and 85% of one-repetition maximum (1RM). Loss velocity was measured by a linear position transducer (Ergonauta® encoder) applied to velocity-based training. A 3-point RPE scale was used to evaluate the perceived exertion of the individuals. The analysis of agreement (Kappa test) and correlation (Spearman test) were applied (p<0.05). The results of the study indicated the existence of a moderate degree of agreement (κ = 0.499; κ = 0.509 for 70% and 85% of 1RM, respectively), but a strong correlation (ρ = 0.720; ρ = 0.753 for 70% and 85% of 1RM, respectively) between the effort intensity determined by the Ergonauta and the RPE, at both intensities analyzed (70% and 85% of 1RM). Despite the lack of perfect agreement between methods, loss velocity and RPE seem to demonstrate strong consistency, allowing both to be used for controlling intensity in resistance training. The results of this study should be interpreted in light of individual characteristics, type of exercise, and training objectives.
Growth yield performance of different hybrid cauliflower (Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis L.) cultivars in Dang, Nepal
Authors: Basnet Manoj , Srivastava Arvind , Mishra Kalyani , Dahal Kishor Chandra
Published: September 2024

Cauliflower is commonly grown in terai and mid-hills during the winter season (September to December), thus known as mid-season cole crop in the context of Nepal. As this cropping period possess favorable environmental condition to grow, and the production cost is comparatively lower and productivity is higher as compared to early and late seasons crop. Farmers are cultivating various hybrid (F1) cultivars to increase the yield and income. Every year, several hybrids are being imported in Nepal and there needs a varietal trial before being recommended at farmer’s field. Thus, this experiment was conducted at horticulture farm of Campus of Live Sciences. Tulsipur, Dang, Nepal for two consecutive years (2021 and 2022 AD) to evaluate the growth and yield attributes of five hybrid cauliflower cultivars. Cultivars viz. Snow Best, Snow Crown, Super White Top, Rami and Damy were treated as treatment and replicated four times in Randomized Complete Block Design. The experiment showed that cultivar Super White Top and Snow Crown had desirable vegetative characteristics, better yield, and higher harvest index as compared to other cultivars. Hence, Super White Top and Snow Crown could be promoted for cultivation in the agro climatic zones related to that of Tulsipur, Dang. Considering the economically important growth and yield attributes Super White Top and Snow Crown were found to be the suitable mid-season hybrid cultivars in Dang condition.
Combined hot water extract of lentil and grass pea increase weed control efficiency and yield of boro rice
Authors: Rahman Mijanur , Sarker Uttam Kumer , Ahmed Md. Towkir , Zinnat Meftahe , Alam Md. Shahin , Uddin Md. Romij
Published: September 2024

The agriculture sector is continuously adopting environmentally friendly and sustainable methods to reduce the harmful effects of herbicides on crop production. In this context, an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory (AFL), Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh, from December 2021 to May 2022, to investigate the effect of combined hot water extracts of lentil and grass peas (ELG) on weed control efficiency and yield performance of boro rice. The experiment involved four varieties of boro rice (BAU dhan3, BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan81, and BRRI dhan96) and four treatments of crop residues. For most weed species, varieties and crop residue extracts significantly impacted weed population (WP) and weed dry weight (DW). The highest numbers of effective tillers (NET) hill-1, numbers of spikelets panicle-1 (NSP), 1000-grain weight (TGW), grain yield (GY), and straw yield (SY) were observed in the three-times hand weeding treatment. This was followed by the combination of hot water ELG applied as a pre-emergence treatment three days after transplanting and post-emergence ten days after transplanting, with the lowest values found in the no-extract treatment. Considering interaction effects, the highest GY (7.07 t ha-1) and SY (8.23 t ha-1) were observed with hand weeding combined with the variety BAU dhan3. The results of this study indicated that hand weeding, followed by the combined application ELG crop residue, showed potential activity to suppress WP and significantly affected the yield of boro rice.
Evaluating the characteristics, trends and challenges of marine fisheries in Iraq
Authors: Mohamed Abdul-Razak M. , Abood Abdullah N.
Published: September 2024

The characteristics, trends and challenges of the marine fisheries of Basrah province, Iraq were studied in this study. Information on fish landings was gathered from the main landing site of the marine fisheries at Al-Fao port from January 2023 to December 2023. The total landing of marine fisheries was 29,446 tons for 28 fish species and two shrimp species. Threadfin bream constituted 10.87% of the landing, followed by Mullets (9.72%) and Emperor (9.39%). Shrimp formed about 13.87% of the total catches. The landings of Threadfin bream and Emperor, as well as shrimp, significantly increased in 2023, while the contribution of historically more important species such as the landing of river shad has decreased to the lowest level. Therefore, from a fisheries management perspective, it is crucial to manage the stock of various species, especially River shad by ensuring the right amount of water is obtained from the upper Tigris and Euphrates Rivers to marine waters through the Shatt Al-Arab River, implementing national fishing regulations to deter illegal fishing methods and safeguard the fish during their migration, reproduction, and in their nursery habitats in inland waters.
Effect of different organic manures on the growth and yield of Zucchini in Khotang, Nepal
Authors: Subedi Anuja , Bhandari Niraj , Bhandari Roshan , Adhikari Nirmal , Kharel Ayush , Chaudhary Lakshya Bahadur , Chaudhary Raj
Published: September 2024

This experiment was conducted from February 2022 to May 2022 in ward no 1 of Diktel Rupakot Majuwagadi Municipality, Khotang district of Nepal to evaluate the efficacy of different organic manures in the growth and yield of zucchini in Khotang. We aimed to identify the most effective organic manure (goat manure, poultry manure, farm yard manure (FYM), vermicompost experiment, and control), and the research was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five treatments and four replications. The Cheongma variety of zucchini was used as a test crop. The recommended dose of manure (goat manure at 20 t/ha, poultry manure at 15 t/ha, FYM at 20 t/ha, vermicompost at 6 t/ha, and control) was applied to each treatment. There is no significant difference observed between treatments and vegetative parameters but a significant difference was found in yield. Furthermore, results showed that the highest yield was obtained from the field treated with poultry manure (1.84 kg), followed by FYM (1.40 kg) and 1.38 kg on vermicompost, respectively. The minimum yield was recorded at 1.09 kg from control, followed by goat manure (1.29 kg). The study by (Farhan, 2021; Eifediyi, 2010) found that the application of poultry manure and FYM significantly increased fruit yield and our research study also demonstrated the same findings.
A review on seed priming to combat climate variability in agriculture
Authors: Rawal Janak Singh , RC Puspa , Mandal Ashmita
Published: September 2024

Global agriculture faces immense challenges due to climate change, which causes unpredictable weather patterns, decreased agricultural productivity, and decreased food security. Seed priming is critical in combating climate variability because it has emerged as a promising method for improving seed germination and agricultural resilience. This review evaluates the efficiency of several seed priming techniques, including hydro-priming, halo-priming, osmo-priming, bio-priming, chemical priming, and hormone priming. These techniques improve seedling vigor, stress tolerance, and overall crop yield. Seed priming increases germination rates and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, such as salinity and drought, while improving agricultural output and disease resistance. Seed priming reduces the demand for chemical pesticides and fertilizers by increasing soil quality and nutrient absorption, which supports sustainable agriculture. This review highlights the potential benefits of seed priming as a practical, affordable, and practical strategy to reduce the negative effects of climatic variability on agriculture. Future studies should focus on developing the best priming techniques for diverse crop varieties and conditions, as well as examining the combined impacts of various priming strategies. Seed priming will be crucial to preserving food security and agricultural sustainability in the face of ongoing climate change.