bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The mental wellbeing of female prisoners in Chile
Authors: Aboaja Anne , Blackwood Douglas , Alvarado Rubén , Grant Liz
Published: May 2023

Objective

To measure and understand mental wellbeing among women prisoners in Chile, as part of a larger study.

Result

Sixty-eight sentenced prisoners in a women’s prison participated in a survey, giving a response rate of 56.7%. Using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), the mean wellbeing score of participants was 53.77 out of maximum score of 70. Whilst 90% of the 68 women felt useful at least some of the time, 25% rarely felt relaxed, close to others or able to make up their own minds about things. Data generated from two focus groups attended by six women offered explanations for survey findings. Thematic analysis identified stress and loss of autonomy due to the prison regime as factors which negatively affect mental wellbeing. Interestingly, whilst offering prisoners an opportunity to feel useful, work was identified as a source of stress. Interpersonal factors linked to a lack of safe friendships within the prison and little contact with family had an adverse impact on mental wellbeing. The routine measurement of mental wellbeing among prisoners using the WEMWBS is recommended in Chile and other Latin American countries to identify the impact of policies, regimes, healthcare systems and programmes on mental health and wellbeing.
COVID-19 pandemic policing and public (non)compliant behaviour: dataset from Nigeria
Authors: Shodunke Aliu Oladimeji , Oladipupo Sodiq Abiodun , Adeoti Sheriffdeen Olasunkanmi , Abidemi Olorede Abdulgafar , Alowolodu Adebusayo Joel , Seriki Oriyomi Oluwasegun , Habeeb Akindele Ayobami , Folorunsho Isiaka Adam , Adebayo Glory David , Faith Mbanefo Onyinye
Published: May 2023

Objectives

The unprecedented nature of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown order projected to contain the pandemic and the global use of the police to enforce the order has necessitated the investigation of public (non-compliant) behavior and police intervention (misconduct). Given that the phases of easing the lockdown and reopening of the economy were already underway in Nigeria in September 2020, four months post-lockdown, this period was deemed suitable to collect the data.

Data description

The data consists of 30 participants’ (25 individuals and five police personnel) views regarding the reasons that exacerbated the violation and the ‘alleged’ unethical practices of police personnel while enforcing the lockdown. However, it benefits the broader scientific community in areas such as policing, disaster risk reduction, pandemic management and public administration. It is valuable in police reforms against unethical practices and gives clear policy directions to policymakers and authorities in managing future public health emergencies. Also, it is useful in understanding the public awareness about the pandemic and public (mis)trust and disposition towards the government authorities on the obedience to law and public health safety advisories to contain a pandemic.
Understanding the relationship between cerebellar structure and social abilities
Authors: Elandaloussi Yannis , Floris Dorothea L. , Coupé Pierrick , Duchesnay Edouard , Mihailov Angeline , Grigis Antoine , Bègue Indrit , Victor Julie , Frouin Vincent , Leboyer Marion , Houenou Josselin , Laidi Charles
Published: May 2023

Background

The cerebellum contains more than 50% of all neurons in the brain and is involved in a broad range of cognitive functions, including social communication and social cognition. Inconsistent atypicalities in the cerebellum have been reported in individuals with autism compared to controls suggesting the limits of categorical case control comparisons. Alternatively, investigating how clinical dimensions are related to neuroanatomical features, in line with the Research Domain Criteria approach, might be more relevant. We hypothesized that the volume of the “cognitive” lobules of the cerebellum would be associated with social difficulties.

Methods

We analyzed structural MRI data from a large pediatric and transdiagnostic sample (Healthy Brain Network). We performed cerebellar parcellation with a well-validated automated segmentation pipeline (CERES). We studied how social communication abilities—assessed with the social component of the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)—were associated with the cerebellar structure, using linear mixed models and canonical correlation analysis.

Results

In 850 children and teenagers (mean age 10.8 ± 3 years; range 5–18 years), we found a significant association between the cerebellum, IQ and social communication performance in our canonical correlation model.

Limitations

Cerebellar parcellation relies on anatomical boundaries, which does not overlap with functional anatomy. The SRS was originally designed to identify social impairments associated with autism spectrum disorders.

Conclusion

Our results unravel a complex relationship between cerebellar structure, social performance and IQ and provide support for the involvement of the cerebellum in social and cognitive processes.
Imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation
Authors: Mamone Giuseppe , Caruso Settimo , Milazzo Mariapina , Porrello Giorgia , Di Piazza Ambra , Gentile Giovanni , Carollo Vincenzo , Crinò Francesca , Marrone Gianluca , Sparacia Gianvincenzo , Maruzzelli Luigi , Miraglia Roberto , Gruttadauria Salvatore
Published: May 2023

Liver transplantation (LT) provides the highest survival benefit to patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Milan criteria have been developed for the selection of LT candidates with the goal of improving survival and maintaining an acceptable risk of HCC recurrence. Despite this, recurrence of HCC after LT occurs in up to 20% of cases and represents a major concern due to the poor prognosis of these patients. Furthermore, several extended criteria for the selection of LT candidates have been proposed to account for the growing demand for organs and the resultant increase in the risk of HCC recurrence. Radiologists should be aware that HCC can recur after LT with multiple organ involvement. Knowledge of the location and radiologic appearance of recurrent HCC is necessary to ensure the choice of the most appropriate therapy. This paper aims to comprehensively summarize the spectrum of HCC recurrence after LT and to examine and discuss the imaging features of these lesions.

Graphical Abstract

Critical relevance statement

This paper aims to share a review of imaging findings of HCC recurrence after LT and to make radiologists familiar with the spectrum of this disease.
Has the quality of reporting improved since it became mandatory to use the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy?
Authors: Stahl Ann-Christine , Tietz Anne-Sophie , Dewey Marc , Kendziora Benjamin
Published: May 2023

Objectives

To investigate whether making the Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) mandatory by the leading journal ‘Radiology’ in 2016 improved the quality of reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies.

Methods

A validated search term was used to identify diagnostic accuracy studies published in Radiology in 2015 and 2019. STARD adherence was assessed by two independent reviewers. Each item was scored as yes (1 point) if adequately reported or as no (0 points) if not. The total STARD score per article was calculated. Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney tests were used to evaluate differences of the total STARD scores between 2015 and 2019. In addition, the total STARD score was compared between studies stratified by study design, citation rate, and data collection.

Results

The median number of reported STARD items for the total of 66 diagnostic accuracy studies from 2015 to 2019 was 18.5 (interquartile range [IQR] 17.5–20.0) of 29. Adherence to the STARD checklist significantly improved the STARD score from a median of 18.0 (IQR 15.5–19.5) in 2015 to a median of 19.5 (IQR 18.5–21.5) in 2019 (p < 0.001). No significant differences were found between studies stratified by mode of data collection (prospective vs. retrospective studies, p = 0.68), study design (cohort vs. case–control studies, p = 0.81), and citation rate (two groups divided by median split [< 0.56 citations/month vs. ≥ 0.56 citations/month], p = 0.54).

Conclusions

Making use of the STARD checklist mandatory significantly increased the adherence with reporting standards for diagnostic accuracy studies and should be considered by editors and publishers for widespread implementation.

Critical relevance statement

Editors may consider making reporting guidelines mandatory to improve the scientific quality.

Graphical Abstract
Establishing extended pluripotent stem cells from human urine cells
Authors: Hao Chunfang , Chu Shilong , Quan Xiongzhi , Zhou Tiancheng , Shi Junjie , Huang Xiaofen , Wu Guangming , Tortorella Micky Daniel , Pei Duanqing
Published: May 2023

Background

Extended pluripotent stem cells (EPSCs) can contribute to both embryonic and trophectoderm-derived extraembryonic tissues. Therefore, EPSCs have great application significance for both research and industry. However, generating EPSCs from human somatic cells remains inefficient and cumbersome.

Results

In this study, we established a novel and robust EPSCs culture medium OCM175 with defined and optimized ingredients. Our OCM175 medium contains optimized concentration of L-selenium-methylcysteine as a source of selenium and ROCK inhibitors to maintain the single cell passaging ability of pluripotent stem cells. We also used Matrigel or the combination of laminin 511 and laminin 521(1:1) to bypass the requirement of feeder cells. With OCM175 medium, we successfully converted integration-free iPSCs from easily available human Urine-Derived Cells (hUC-iPSCs) into EPSCs (O-IPSCs). We showed that our O-IPSCs have the ability to form both intra- and extra- embryonic chimerism, and could contribute to the trophoblast ectoderm lineage and three germ layer cell lineages.

Conclusions

In conclusion, our novel OCM175 culture medium has defined, optimized ingredients, which enables efficient generation of EPSCs in a feeder free manner. With the robust chimeric and differentiation potential, we believe that this system provides a solid basis to improve the application of EPSCs in regenerative medicine.
Intelligent resource allocation scheme for cloud-edge-end framework aided multi-source data stream
Authors: Wu Yuxin , Cai Changjun , Bi Xuanming , Xia Junjuan , Gao Chongzhi , Tang Yajuan , Lai Shiwei
Published: May 2023

To support multi-source data stream generated from Internet of Things devices, edge computing emerges as a promising computing pattern with low latency and high bandwidth compared to cloud computing. To enhance the performance of edge computing within limited communication and computation resources, we study a cloud-edge-end computing architecture, where one cloud server and multiple computational access points can collaboratively process the compute-intensive data streams that come from multiple sources. Moreover, a multi-source environment is considered, in which the wireless channel and the characteristic of the data stream are time-varying. To adapt to the dynamic network environment, we first formulate the optimization problem as a markov decision process and then decompose it into a data stream offloading ratio assignment sub-problem and a resource allocation sub-problem. Meanwhile, in order to reduce the action space, we further design a novel approach that combines the proximal policy optimization (PPO) scheme with convex optimization, where the PPO is used for the data stream offloading assignment, while the convex optimization is employed for the resource allocation. The simulated outcomes in this work can help the development of the application of the multi-source data stream.
Loss-of-function mutations in MYO15A and OTOF cause non-syndromic hearing loss in two Yemeni families
Authors: Asaad Maria , Mahfood Mona , Al Mutery Abdullah , Tlili Abdelaziz
Published: May 2023

Background

Hearing loss is a rare hereditary deficit that is rather common among consanguineous populations. Autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss is the predominant form of hearing loss worldwide. Although prevalent, hearing loss is extremely heterogeneous and poses a pitfall in terms of diagnosis and screening. Using next-generation sequencing has enabled a rapid increase in the identification rate of genes and variants in heterogeneous conditions, including hearing loss. We aimed to identify the causative variants in two consanguineous Yemeni families affected with hearing loss using targeted next-generation sequencing (clinical exome sequencing). The proband of each family was presented with sensorineural hearing loss as indicated by pure-tone audiometry results.

Results

We explored variants obtained from both families, and our analyses collectively revealed the presence and segregation of two novel loss-of-function variants: a frameshift variant, c.6347delA in MYO15A in Family I, and a splice site variant, c.5292-2A > C, in OTOF in Family II. Sanger sequencing and PCR–RFLP of DNA samples from 130 deaf and 50 control individuals confirmed that neither variant was present in our in-house database. In silico analyses predicted that each variant has a pathogenic effect on the corresponding protein.

Conclusions

We describe two novel loss-of-function variants in MYO15A and OTOF that cause autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss in Yemeni families. Our findings are consistent with previously reported pathogenic variants in the MYO15A and OTOF genes in Middle Eastern individuals and suggest their implication in hearing loss.
The economic impact of eating disorders in children and youth in Canada: a call to action to improve youth eating disorder research and care
Authors: Coelho Jennifer S. , Booij Linda , Katzman Debra K. , Dimitropoulos Gina , Obeid Nicole
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented rise in rates and symptoms of eating disorders among Canadian youth. To date, there is a lack of national surveillance and costing data in Canada to inform policymakers and healthcare leaders on how to best address the surge in new and existing cases. This has resulted in the Canadian healthcare system being unprepared to adequately respond to the increased needs. Therefore, clinicians, researchers, policymakers, decision-makers, and community organizations across Canada are collaborating to compare pre-and post-pandemic costing data from national and province-level healthcare systems in an effort to address this gap. Results from this economic cost analysis will be an important first step in informing and guiding policy on possible adaptations to services to better fulfill the needs of youth with eating disorders in Canada. We highlight how gaps in surveillance and costing data can impact the field of eating disorders in an international context.
A comparison of machine learning methods for ozone pollution prediction
Authors: Pan Qilong , Harrou Fouzi , Sun Ying
Published: May 2023

Precise and efficient ozone ($$\hbox {O}_{3}$$O3) concentration prediction is crucial for weather monitoring and environmental policymaking due to the harmful effects of high$$\hbox {O}_{3}$$O3pollution levels on human health and ecosystems. However, the complexity of$$\hbox {O}_{3}$$O3formation mechanisms in the troposphere presents a significant challenge in modeling$$\hbox {O}_{3}$$O3accurately and quickly, especially in the absence of a process model. Data-driven machine-learning techniques have demonstrated promising performance in modeling air pollution, mainly when a process model is unavailable. This study evaluates the predictive performance of nineteen machine learning models for ozone pollution prediction. Specifically, we assess how incorporating features using Random Forest affects$$\hbox {O}_{3}$$O3concentration prediction and investigate using time-lagged measurements to improve prediction accuracy. Air pollution and meteorological data collected at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology are used. Results show that dynamic models using time-lagged data outperform static and reduced machine learning models. Incorporating time-lagged data improves the accuracy of machine learning models by 300% and 200%, respectively, compared to static and reduced models, under RMSE metrics. And importantly, the best dynamic model with time-lagged information only requires 0.01 s, indicating its practical use. The Diebold-Mariano Test, a statistical test used to compare the forecasting accuracy of models, is also conducted.
Rupture processes of the 2021 and 2022 Fukushima-oki earthquakes: adjacent events on the complex fault system in the subducting slab
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroaki , Watanabe Tetsushi , Koketsu Kazuki
Published: May 2023

The 2021 Mw 7.1 and 2022 Mw 7.4 Fukushima-oki earthquakes ruptured adjacent regions in the subducting slab, which gave us a good opportunity to better understand the rupture process of an intraslab earthquake and the fault system in a subducting slab hosting such large earthquakes. We developed source models of the two earthquakes by constructing fault models based on the distributions of relocated aftershocks and performing joint source inversion using strong motion, teleseismic and geodetic data. The results showed that the 2021 earthquake was initiated by the west-northwest dipping fault and that it then ruptured the east-southeast dipping fault. The rupture propagated to the southwest and up-dip directions. For the 2022 earthquake, the rupture primarily propagated to the north-northeast and up-dip directions on another east-southeast dipping fault, but a delayed rupture occurred around the hypocenter approximately 12 s after the rupture initiation. This was probably due to the complex fault system around the hypocenter. Our source models accurately reproduced observed data for both earthquakes, indicating that the fault geometry was appropriate. We found that the source faults of these earthquakes had similarities to faults in the outer-rise region, which suggests that the 2021 and 2022 earthquakes occurred on faults that originally formed in the outer-rise region and reactivated in the subducting slab. Such a fault system in the subducting slab was probably one of the factors that controlled the rupture processes of the two earthquakes.

Graphical Abstract
An experimental porcine model of invasive candidiasis
Authors: Krifors Anders , Lignell Anders , Lipcsey Miklós , Sjölin Jan , Castegren Markus
Published: May 2023

Background

Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a severe and often fatal fungal infection that affects critically ill patients. The development of animal models that mimic human disease is essential for advancing our understanding of IC pathophysiology and testing experimental or novel treatments. We aimed to develop a large animal model of IC that could provide a much-needed addition to the widely used murine models.

Results

A total of 25 pigs (including one control), aged between 9 and 12 weeks, with a median weight of 25.1 kg (IQR 24.1–26.2), were used to develop the porcine IC model. We present the setup, the results of the experiments, and the justification for the changes made to the model. The experiments were conducted in an intensive care setting, using clinically relevant anaesthesia, monitoring and interventions. The final model used corticosteroids, repeated Candida inoculation, and continuous endotoxin. The model consistently demonstrated quantifiable growth of Candida in blood and organs. The registered physiological data supported the development of the sepsis-induced circulatory distress observed in IC patients in the ICU.

Conclusions

Our proposed porcine model of IC offers a potential new tool in the research of IC.
Globalizing the sociology of the arts and culture: East Asian perspectives
Authors: Fang Jun
Published: May 2023

In this editorial, I argue for a globalized sociology of the arts and culture that transcends West-centered theories and practices. To this end, two interrelated perspectives—global and decentering—are needed. The article commences with a brief overview of the emergence of the sociology of arts in the West, and synthesizes major themes emerging from articles in the thematic series and the existing literature on creative cultures in East Asia. These themes include local–global dynamics (such as flows, legitimacy, and the centrality of the local), regionalization, state support and control, and theorizing beyond the arts. Finally, I highlight several promising directions for future research, and emphasize that East Asian perspectives present distinct opportunities to advance the sociology of the arts and culture.
Effects of Probiotics and Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Sports Performance Markers in Male Mixed Martial Arts Athletes: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Przewłócka Katarzyna , Kujach Sylwester , Sawicki Piotr , Berezka Paweł , Bytowska Zofia Kinga , Folwarski Marcin , Kowalski Kondrat , Kaczor Jan Jacek
Published: May 2023

Background

Strategies targeted at the intestine microbiome seem to be beneficial for professional athletes. The gut–muscle axis is associated with the inflammatory state, glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function, and central nervous system health. All these mechanisms may affect maximal oxygen uptake, muscle strength, and training adaptation. Moreover, the positive effect of certain bacterial strains may be enhanced by vitamin D. Thus, this study aimed to assess and compare the level of selected markers of sports performance of mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes supplemented with vitamin D3 or probiotics combined with vitamin D3.

Methods

A 4-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with 23 MMA male athletes assigned to the vitamin D3 group (Vit D; n = 12) or probiotics + vitamin D3 group (PRO + VitD; n = 11). Repeated measures of the creatine kinase level, lactate utilization ratio, and anaerobic performance were conducted.

Results

After 4 weeks of supplementation, we found lower lactate concentrations 60 min after the acute sprint interval in the PRO + VitD group when compared to the Vit D group (4.73 ± 1.62 and 5.88 ± 1.55 mmol/L; p < 0.05). In addition, the intervention improved the total work (232.00 ± 14.06 and 240.72 ± 13.38 J kg−1; p < 0.05), and mean power following the anaerobic exercise protocol (7.73 ± 0.47 and 8.02 ± 0.45 W kg−1; p < 0.05) only in the PRO + VitD group. Moreover, there was an improvement in the lactate utilization ratio in the PRO + VitD group compared with the Vit D group as shown by the percentage of T60/T3 ratio (73.6 ± 6.9 and 65.1 ± 9.9%, respectively; p < 0.05). We also observed elevated serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations after acute sprint interval exercise in both groups, however, there were no significant differences between the groups.

Conclusion

Four weeks of combined probiotic and vitamin D3 supplementation enhanced lactate utilization and beneficially affected anaerobic performance in MMA athletes.
Extensive anaplastic multi-centric ependymoma in a young adult: case report and literature review
Authors: Aballa Lamya , Chraa Mohamed , Louhab Nissrine , Kissani Najib
Published: May 2023

Background

Ependymoma is a rare adult tumor that originates from ependymal cells of the ventricles and the spinal cord. The diagnosis and management can be very challenging. This study aims to bring out the hypothalamus as an atypical location of ependymoma and to underline the consequences of treatment delay in anaplastic ependymomas through a concrete case.

Case presentation

We present a case of 20 years with no previous medical history, suffering from progressive intracranial hypertension syndrome, tetraparesis, cerebellar ataxia, and a weight loss of 3 kg in 4 months. Cerebral and medullar Magnetic Resonance Imaging showed multiple processes including the temporal region, the cerebellum, the 4th ventricular floor, the interpeduncular cistern, the hypothalamus, and almost the entire spinal cord, in addition to a posterior intradural lesion. The hypothalamic localization was very suggestive of neurohistiocytosis. A stereotactic biopsy and immunohistochemical study confirmed the diagnosis of anaplastic ependymoma. Total resection was impossible and radiotherapy was delayed by inconclusive dosimetric scans. The patient's outcome was unfortunately quickly fatal.

Conclusions

Ependymomas should be evoked whatever the location in the central nervous system. Radiotherapy must be quickly discussed and started when the gross total resection is impossible. The locations, as well as the doses of irradiation, are now well-established and any delay in initiating radiotherapy only darkens the prognosis.
Locally advanced primary breast lymphoma: a rare case report
Authors: Pereira Rafaela , Costa Luísa Amado , Rosa José Eduardo , Duarte Isabel
Published: May 2023

Background

Primary Breast Lymphoma is a rare manifestation of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma and accounts for less than 1% of all breast malignancies. It is defined by localized involvement of the mammary tissue by lymphomatous infiltrate in the absence of prior extramammary lymphoma and concomitant widespread disease.

Case presentation

A 46-year-old melanodermic woman was referred to our hospital due to an extensive ulcerated right breast lesion with signs of infection. Imaging studies revealed a large breast tumor invading the chest wall, with cortical disruption of adjacent ribs and associated pleural thickening. Later, it was complicated with a bronchopleural cutaneous fistula. Biopsy of the mass was performed and the histopathologic diagnosis was consistent with breast infiltration by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Concurrent widespread lymphomatous disease and preceding extramammary lymphoma were excluded. Firstly, antibiotic therapy was instituted and surgical debridement was performed in order to control the infection. Afterwards, she underwent chemotherapy and local radiotherapy, with radiologic complete response.

Conclusions

The diagnosis of primary breast lymphoma is challenging because this disease has non-specific symptoms and imaging features. Radio–pathological correlation and exclusion of systemic lymphoma are essential to establish the diagnosis and to minimize potential complications.
Multichannel joint resolution enhancement for nonstationary prestack data with adaptive structure regularization
Authors: Li Chao , Liu Guochang , Wang Zhiyong , Wu Qibin , Shi Lanting
Published: May 2023

Seismic waves always suffer from amplitude dissipation and phase distortion and such attenuation-induced effects will degrade the quality of seismic data. Therefore, a slew of research on attenuation compensation has been proposed to correct the attenuation effects and improve the resolution of the original data. In recent years, geophysicists have paid more attention to prestack compensation because prestack data contain more information about the subsurface medium. However, it is challenging to implement prestack compensation for which the traveltime of prestack data is difficult to be determined unless an accurate velocity model is available. Furthermore, prestack data usually contains more noises and the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of prestack data is lower, which is more prone to noise amplification during compensation. To improve the performance of prestack compensation, we have developed a robust structure-oriented multichannel prestack compensation method. We incorporate an additional adaptive structure regularization to stabilize the processing of compensation. We refer to our structure-constrained multichannel prestack compensation method as the SCMPC method. With the help of adaptive structure regularization, our method has a superior ability to suppress those artifacts caused by ambient noises and enhance the consistency of effective signals during compensation. Compared with classic single-channel prestack compensation methods, this SCMPC method can provide a better result with higher accuracy and S/N. We use synthetic and field examples to further validate the good performance of our method.
Understanding multiple factors that impact unconventional production: Guidelines to evaluate liquid-rich unconventional resource plays
Authors: Abrams Michael A.
Published: May 2023

As the petroleum industry builds long-term production histories in major liquid-rich unconventional resource (UCR) plays, development geologists and engineers have realized that the production gas oil ratio, petroleum type, and ultimate recoveries do not always match the predictive petroleum system models. Early studies suggested that the UCR petroleum systems require neither traditional petroleum traps nor major migration systems but an organic-rich source within optimal maturity window. Possible explanations for these production discrepancies that were not fully characterized in the initial models include uncertainties in source rock characteristics, primary migration fractionation, fractionation related to storage, and production fractionation. Long-term empirical observations suggest that off-structure migration contribution, trapping mechanisms, and reservoir phase (single versus two) play an important role in the liquid-rich UCR production. If the liquid-rich UCR petroleum system is a well-behaved predominantly local charge system, then the generation product can be estimated with an understanding of the local organic matter type and in situ level of maturity. However, if the UCR play is hybrid with significant migrated down-dip charge contribution, then a more complicated work program will be required to estimate well rates and volumes. The liquid-rich UCR play evaluation should reflect these additional factors, which can greatly impact surface production rate and liquid recovery.
Pirtobrutinib in Covalent Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Pretreated Mantle-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Wang Michael L. , Jurczak Wojciech , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Eyre Toby A. , Cheah Chan Y. , Ujjani Chaitra S. , Koh Youngil , Izutsu Koji , Gerson James N. , Flinn Ian , Tessoulin Benoit , Alencar Alvaro J. , Ma Shuo , Lewis David , Lech-Maranda Ewa , Rhodes Joanna , Patel Krish , Maddocks Kami , Lamanna Nicole , Wang Yucai , Tam Constantine S. , Munir Talha , Nagai Hirokazu , Hernandez-Ilizaliturri Francisco , Kumar Anita , Fenske Timothy S. , Seymour John F. , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Nair Binoj , Tsai Donald E. , Balbas Minna , Walgren Richard A. , Abada Paolo , Wang Chunxiao , Zhao Junjie , Mato Anthony R. , Shah Nirav N.
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE

Pirtobrutinib is a highly selective, noncovalent (reversible) Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi). We report the safety and efficacy of pirtobrutinib in patients with covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (cBTKi) pretreated mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL), a population with poor prognosis.

METHODS

Patients with cBTKi pretreated relapsed/refractory (R/R) MCL received pirtobrutinib monotherapy in a multicenter phase I/II trial (BRUIN; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03740529 ). Efficacy was assessed in the first 90 consecutively enrolled patients who met criteria for inclusion in the primary efficacy cohort. The primary end point was overall response rate (ORR). Secondary end points included duration of response (DOR) and safety.

RESULTS

The median patient age was 70 years (range, 46-87), the median prior lines of therapy was 3 (range, 1-8), 82.2% had discontinued a prior cBTKi because of disease progression, and 77.8% had intermediate- or high-risk simplified MCL International Prognostic Index score. The ORR was 57.8% (95% CI, 46.9 to 68.1), including 20.0% complete responses (n = 18). At a median follow-up of 12 months, the median DOR was 21.6 months (95% CI, 7.5 to not reached). The 6- and 12-month estimated DOR rates were 73.6% and 57.1%, respectively. In the MCL safety cohort (n = 164), the most common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were fatigue (29.9%), diarrhea (21.3%), and dyspnea (16.5%). Grade ≥3 TEAEs of hemorrhage (3.7%) and atrial fibrillation/flutter (1.2%) were less common. Only 3% of patients discontinued pirtobrutinib because of a treatment-related adverse event.

CONCLUSION

Pirtobrutinib is a first-in-class novel noncovalent (reversible) BTKi and the first BTKi of any kind to demonstrate durable efficacy after prior cBTKi therapy in heavily pretreated R/R MCL. Pirtobrutinib was well tolerated with low rates of treatment discontinuation because of toxicity.
Safe Prescribing Practices: Clinicians' Views on Prescribing Opioids to Patients With Early-Stage Cancer
Authors: Wood Timothy , Cheung Winson , Ruether Dean , Sinnarajah Aynharan , Tanguay Robert , Tarumi Yoko , Lau Jenny , Cuthbert Colleen Ann
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE

Opioids are often necessary for patients experiencing high-intensity pain. However, side effects exist and some patients may misuse opioids. To better understand how opioids are prescribed to patients with early-stage cancer and how to enhance opioid safety, clinicians' views of opioid prescribing were explored.

METHODS

This was a qualitative inquiry including any Alberta clinician prescribing opioids to patients with early-stage cancer. Semistructured interviews were conducted with nurse practitioners (NP), medical oncologists (MO), radiation oncologists (RO), surgeons (S), primary care physicians (PCP), and palliative care physicians (PC) between June 2021 and March 2022. Interpretive description was used to analyze the data using two coders (C.C. and T.W.). Debriefing sessions were used to resolve and discrepancies.

RESULTS

Twenty-four clinicians were interviewed (NP [n = 5], MO [n = 4], RO [n = 4], S [n = 5], PCP [n = 3], and PC [n = 3]). The majority had been in practice at least 10 years. Prescribing practices were related to disciplinary perspective, goals of care, patient condition, and resource availability. Most clinicians did not see opioid misuse as a problem but were aware that specific patient risk factors are present and that long-term use can be problematic. Most clinicians undertake safe prescribing approaches tacitly (eg, screening for past opioid misuse and reviewing number of prescribers) and not all agreed they should be universally applied. Barriers (eg, procedural and time) and facilitators (eg, education) to safe prescribing approaches were identified.

CONCLUSION

To enhance uptake and cross-disciplinary consistency of safe prescribing approaches, clinician education regarding opioid misuse and benefits of safe prescribing practices, and addressing procedural barriers are necessary.
Construções identitárias da cultura gaúcha em uma cidade no interior do Paraná
Authors: Perucelli Tatiane , Archanjo de Freitas Junior Miguel , Renato Cavichiolli Fernando
Published: May 2023

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o processo de formação da identidade cultural de indivíduos participantes de um Centro de Tradição Gaúcha (CTG), localizado fora do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tanto, utilizou-se fontes bibliográficas que abordaram a questão da identidade gaúcha, as quais foram problematizadas a partir dos escritos sobre cultura, identidade, identidade cultural, diáspora e observações etnográficas realizadas no CTG. Conclui-se que a cultura tradicional gaúcha foi modificada ao longo do tempo, pois passou a incorporar valores presentes na sociedade local. Desta maneira, influenciando na identidade social e na autoidentidade dos participantes do CTG, resultando na formação de uma identidade cultural gauchista.
Festividade do Silêncio
Authors: Cesar Sousa dos Santos Adison , Maria Torres Costa Vânia
Published: May 2023

Este artigo analisa as narrativas dos integrantes das comitivas de esmolação de São Benedito, na cidade de Bragança, no Pará, durante o primeiro ano da pandemia de Covid-19. Caracterizada como um ritual de devoção popular ao “santo preto” na Amazônia Brasileira, esses grupos se configuram por meio de uma prática conhecida como esmolação, realizada por meio de três cortejos que levam a imagem do santo para os mais distantes lugares da região. Os depoimentos dos foliões, como são chamados os integrantes dessas comitivas, serão analisados a partir da Análise Crítica da Narrativa, de Luiz Gonzaga Motta. A pesquisa mostra que, além dos sentimentos de tristeza e frustração em relação ao momento atípico, a pandemia também intensificou a condição de vulnerabilidade social vivida por esses grupos.
Bruxas, curandeiras e benzedeiras:
Authors: Werneck Arenari Martins Rafaela , De Oliveira Clarindo Adriely , Macedo Campos Mauro
Published: May 2023

Este artigo busca abrir espaço para uma discussão teórica acerca dos processos de colonização entrelaçados às tentativas de aniquilamento político dos saberes tradicionais femininos. Para tanto, partimos do conceito geral de bruxas (rezadeiras e curandeiras) por meio das definições construídas em território nacional, e que se tornaram aparentes em trabalhos científicos publicados nos últimos anos. Deste modo, o texto tem por base a revisão de uma literatura que chama atenção para a elaboração e perpetuação de um dispositivo que pode ser denominado de “caça às bruxas”, que visa o extermínio epistemológico desses saberes, ao passo que desvaloriza e demoniza corpos e subjetividades femininas.
O Zé Pereira no Carnaval carioca e o seu mito fundador
Authors: Padilha Mattos Vitor
Published: May 2023

Surgido na folia carioca em data incerta, por volta da metade do século XIX, o Zé Pereira quando aparece na imprensa já é considerado como algo tradicional e característico deste Carnaval. Seu introdutor teria sido o sapateiro português José Nogueira de Azevedo Paredes. O propósito do artigo é dissertar sobre a trajetória do Zé Pereira durante as seis décadas (1850-1910) em que teve relevância no Carnaval carioca, analisando a tentativa de alguns cronistas – em especial, França Júnior – de “tradicionalizar” este folguedo. Para isto, trabalharemos com os conceitos de invenção da tradição e fabricação da autenticidade. Ademais, o texto pretende discutir o pioneirismo e a própria existência de José Nogueira, utilizando o conceito de mito fundador.
Correlation between GAL-3, Klotho, Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism Indexes and Cardiovascular Complications in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Li Zhe , Li Jian-Long , Wang Qian , Fan Xing , Gao Yan , Li Xue-Zhong
Published: May 2023

Objective: To investigate the correlation between GAL-3, Klotho, calcium and phosphorus indexes and cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This is a retrospective study. Forty patients with CKD and cardiovascular complications admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from February 20, 2022 to February 20, 2023 were selected as the experimental group, and another 40 patients with CKD without cardiovascular complications were selected as the control group. The differences in serum Ca+2, PO-4, GAL-3 and Klotho levels between the two groups were analyzed, and the correlations between the above indicators levels and creatinine levels were analyzed. The correlation between the above indicators levels and cardiac function classification was analyzed, and analyzed the risk factors of CKD complicated with cardiovascular complications.

Results: The levels of Ca+2, PO-4 and GAL-3 in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the level of Klotho was significantly lower than that in the control group. The levels of Ca+2 and PO-4 were positively correlated with the level of Creatinine (Cr), while the level of Klotho was negatively correlated with the Cr. The levels of Ca+2 and PO-4 were positively correlated with cardiac function classification, while the level of Klotho was negatively correlated with cardiac function classification. Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension, BMI, Cr, Ca+2, PO-4 and VLDL were risk factors for cardiovascular complications, and Klotho level was a protective factor.

Conclusion: A positive correlation can be seen between the levels of Ca+2, PO-4 and cardiac function classification in patients with CKD. Klotho is a protective factor for cardiovascular diseases.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.6988

How to cite this: Li Z, Li JL, Wang Q, Fan X, Gao Y, Li XZ. Correlation between GAL-3, Klotho, Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism Indexes and Cardiovascular Complications in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.6988

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
LONG COVID SYNDROME
Authors: Kuznecova Sof'ya , Belyaeva Elena
Published: May 2023

Clinical observations of polymorbid patients with Long Covid syndrome in real clinical practice are presented. Treatment options for patients with lung, muscle, cardiovascular and nervous system damage, immuno-inflammatory syndrome are proposed.
Combinatorial Auctions with Interdependent Valuations: SOS to the Rescue
Authors: Eden Alon , Feldman Michal , Fiat Amos , Goldner Kira , Karlin Anna R.
Published: May 2023

We study combinatorial auctions with interdependent valuations, where each agent i has a private signal si that captures her private information and the valuation function of every agent depends on the entire signal profile, [Formula: see text]. The literature in economics shows that the interdependent model gives rise to strong impossibility results and identifies assumptions under which optimal solutions can be attained. The computer science literature provides approximation results for simple single-parameter settings (mostly single-item auctions or matroid feasibility constraints). Both bodies of literature focus largely on valuations satisfying a technical condition termed single crossing (or variants thereof). We consider the class of submodular over signals (SOS) valuations (without imposing any single crossing-type assumption) and provide the first welfare approximation guarantees for multidimensional combinatorial auctions achieved by universally ex post incentive-compatible, individually rational mechanisms. Our main results are (i) four approximation for any single-parameter downward-closed setting with single-dimensional signals and SOS valuations; (ii) four approximation for any combinatorial auction with multidimensional signals and separable-SOS valuations; and (iii) (k + 3) and (2 log(k) + 4) approximation for any combinatorial auction with single-dimensional signals, with k-sized signal space, for SOS and strong-SOS valuations, respectively. All of our results extend to a parameterized version of SOS, d-approximate SOS, while losing a factor that depends on d.

Funding: A. Eden was partially supported by NSF Award IIS-2007887, the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013]/ERC Grant Agreement 337122, by the Israel Science Foundation [Grant 317/17], and by an Amazon research award. M. Feldman received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [Grant Agreement 866132], by the Israel Science Foundation [Grant 317/17], by an Amazon research award, and by the NSF-BSF [Grant 2020788]. The work of K. Goldner was supported partially by NSF awards DMS-1903037 and CNS-2228610 and a Shibulal Family Career Development Professorship. A. R. Karlin was supported by the NSF-CCF [Grant 1813135].
Consumer trust and perspectives on cyber security
Authors: Dimitriadis Chris
Published: May 2023

When your networks are breached, you may lose more than your data. Customers are increasingly wary of doing business with organisations that have been hacked. The reputational damage can last a long time – perhaps longer than the business itself.
Engineering Properties of Commercially Available Hermetic Storage Bag Liners
Authors: Ignacio Ma. Cristine Concepcion D. , Maier Dirk E. , Vorst Keith L.
Published: May 2023

Highlights

Fundamental engineering properties of hermetic bag liners were identified and measured to establish specifications for a new ASABE X657 standard for measurement and rating the performance of gas barrier liners in hermetic storage bags.

Results showed strong evidence of differences in properties among six types of commercially available hermetic bag gas barrier liners (P<0.05).

Critical gas barrier properties (OTR and WVTR) were measured to assess their ability to maintain initial conditions (“hermeticity”).

Critical mechanical properties, such as impact failure weight, penetration resistance, and tear strength, were measured to determine their durability during handling and storage.

Abstract. The impacts of hermetic storage bag technology on food security are well established. However, understanding the hermetic bag liner's mechanical and barrier properties with its useful life and efficacy are needed to ensure the continued successful adoption of this critically important storage technology to control biological activity. The goals of this study were to identify and quantify fundamental engineering properties as a basis for establishing an American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) engineering standard for testing and rating the hermeticity of gas barrier liners in storage bags for smallholder farmers. Six commercially available hermetic storage bag liners (AgroZ, Elite, PICS, GrainPro, Storezo, Zerofly) were evaluated for mechanical properties (tensile, impact, tear, penetration resistance) and barrier properties (oxygen transmission rate and water-vapor transmission rate) following American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) test methods. Results indicate significant differences (P< 0.05) in material properties among brands of storage bag liners. Values for oxygen and water vapor transmission rates were determined to ensure hermetic conditions can be achieved. Values for mechanical properties (yield and tensile strength, elongation, and toughness, tear strength, penetration resistance and impact failure weight) of gas barrier liners were quantified to ensure acceptable performance of hermetic storage bags. Keywords: Elongation, Hermetic storage, Hermetic storage bags, Impact failure weight, Oxygen Transmission Rates (OTR), Penetration resistance, Tear strength, Tensile strength, Toughness, Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR), Yield strength.
Jaundice and a testicular lump: a rare cause of malignant biliary obstruction
Authors: Smith LR , Coomer W , Gupta S , Boyce T
Published: May 2023

Biliary obstruction from metastatic deposits in the pancreas is rare. We present a case of primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) with pancreatic metastasis. A 56-year-old man presented to the general surgical department with signs and symptoms of obstructive jaundice. A computed tomography scan revealed multiple pancreatic metastases and a right primary testicular malignancy. Histology and positron emission tomography scanning subsequently confirmed PTL with pancreatic metastases. Metastasis to the pancreas from primary testicular malignancy is extremely rare. There is variation in prognosis between primary and secondary pancreatic malignancies and therefore in atypical cases of malignant biliary obstruction consideration must be given to the rarer secondary malignancies.
Clinical challenges with calcitonin-negative medullary thyroid carcinoma: three case reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Jingzhu Z , Xiangqian Z , Ming G , Yi P , Jiadong C , Xinwei Y , Guangwei Xu
Published: May 2023

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is relatively rare, and has the main feature of calcitonin (Ct) secretion. However, a few cases of MTC with negative serum calcitonin have been reported in the literature, so the diagnosis and follow up of Ct-negative MTCs are still a challenge. Here we present three cases of Ct-negative MTCs, illustrating the rarity of the disease and challenges in managing it, together with a review of the literature of 39 MTCs with negative serum Ct.