bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Behaviour Change Communication – Its Impact on Malaria Program - North Bank Regions as a Case Study in The Gambia
Authors: B Njie Ousman , Cham Mamady
Published: September 2024

The Gambia Malaria Strategy Plan 2021 – 2025 places greater emphasis on strategies for malaria elimination. Hence, North Bank Regions (NBR) have been identified due to the relative low transmission to introduce case-based surveillance as a strategy for malaria elimination. Social Behaviour Change Communication (SBCC) is a critical component of the malaria program. SBCC study in NBR would provide evidence essential for malaria elimination. A three-stage cluster sampling design was used, and the NBR were purposely targeted due to their relative low malaria transmission. In total, 167 household heads and 192 caregivers of children under five years were interviewed. The findings showed that over 90% in NBR valued the use of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN) in preventing malaria even if it differed in shape and texture from their taste. It is evident that use of health centre/hospital, radio and community health worker can engender wider coverage of messages on malaria in NBR. Malaria treatment was sought and received in a timely manner. Most respondents treated for malaria were tested for malaria prior to the treatment. Overall results are indicative of high levels of knowledge and practice in the prevention, control and treatment of malaria. Despite the existence of few misconceptions and resistance to change that limits the gains made through concerted efforts. The findings are indicative of room for improvement for the achievement of more effective malaria prevention and treatment. Additionally, affordability of LLINs featured prominently, whereas free net distribution could significantly increase access, the issue of sustainability remains pertinent.
Challenges Faced by Primary Schools in the COVID-19 Post Pandemic Era: A Case of St. Martin Primary School, Mulago, Kampala, Uganda
Authors: Elizabeth Omagino Kasirye , Denis Mubiru , Justus Kwesiga
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to the education sector worldwide, particularly affecting students' access to learning. This study investigated the level of students' access to education during and after the pandemic at St. Martin Primary School, Mulago, Kampala, Uganda. Socio-economic and school-related factors influencing access to education are examined, along with the implications of these challenges on clinical practice. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students at St. Martin Primary School, Mulago, Kampala, Uganda, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methods using structured questionnaires and key informant interview guides respectively. Purposive, snowball and systematic random sampling techniques were utilized. Data was collected from 108 students in Primary seven on students' access to education, socio-economic challenges, and school-related factors. Chi-square tests were employed to analyze associations between variables. The study revealed that 88.0% of students reported having access to education during the pandemic, primarily through online classes (93.7%). Socio-economic challenges, including parental education level, household income sources, and loss of family income due to the pandemic, significantly impacted access to education. School-related challenges, such as dissatisfaction with communication from school, lack of clear instructions for online classes, and encountering technical issues, also hindered access. Significant associations between socio-economic factors, school-related challenges, and access to education were identified. There is need for Policy interventions to focus on bridging the digital divide, providing support for vulnerable households.
Sem direitos e sem perspectivas: O sofrimento da categoria frente à precarização do trabalho docente
Authors: De Sales Márcia Castilho
Published: September 2024

O texto é uma análise reflexiva sobre os direitos humanos e o trabalho docente. Ele tem como objetivo destacar na configuração atual do mundo do trabalho os problemas que mais afetam a categoria de educadores. Para trazer luzes sobre temas relacionados ao contexto docente, tais como: teletrabalho, o trabalho em plataformas digitais, a uberização da educação, a intensificação do trabalho docente e os ataques da extrema-direita na educação, foram resgatadas pesquisas desenvolvidas na academia para fomentar reflexões analíticas profundas sobre os direitos humanos e a categoria do trabalho docente. O texto finaliza com a necessidade de apoiarmos o educador nos seus direitos trabalhistas, reconfigurando o ambiente de trabalho para um espaço mais saudável que prime pelo trabalho coletivo, além da valorização da carreira do magistério e da escola pública de qualidade.
A formação de uma esfera pública virtual e sua influência no processo de tomada de decisões com repercussão global
Authors: Amorim João Vítor Lopes , Marchetto Patrícia Borba
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo aborda o fenômeno da globalização e suas consequências nos vigentes processos políticos de tomada de decisão, considerando a grande influência das deliberações de cada Estado autônomo no âmbito internacional. Partindo dessa premissa, identifica-se a necessidade de sugerir a transnacionalização do conceito de esfera pública inicialmente desenvolvido por Jürgen Habermas, no qual as discussões travadas pelos cidadãos terminam por formar uma opinião pública acerca de determinada matéria. Diante disso, utiliza-se do método analítico, exercendo um raciocínio dedutivo com base nas conclusões verificadas na bibliografia especializada para questionar a possibilidade de se considerar a internet uma esfera pública globalizada, na qual as interações dos usuários permitiram a formação da opinião pública. A análise realizada permitiu concluir que, muito embora seja inegável a influência da internet na formação de uma opinião pública global, limitações como a ausência de universalidade, plena acessibilidade e interferências econômicas e políticas impedem que o ambiente virtual seja considerado, de fato, uma esfera pública, conforme inicialmente conceituado por Habermas. Portanto, depreende-se que, enquanto suas restrições não são sanadas, a internet pode ser utilizada como ferramenta apta a complementar a esfera pública já existente, com potencial para promover o engajamento público e a participação democrática, desempenhando um grande papel na revitalização dos espaços democráticos.
Dignidade, igualdade e representação: Análise jurídica da participação política feminina no Brasil, da Lei de Cotas a ADI 5.617
Authors: Dias Cássia Amanda Inocêncio , Fermentão Cleide Aparecida Gomes Rodrigues
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo tem como propósito investigar a participação política das mulheres no Brasil, analisando as dinâmicas que influenciam sua representação nos espaços de poder e como isso afeta a sua dignidade. O objetivo geral é explorar as barreiras históricas e culturais, os avanços legislativos e os desafios contemporâneos que afetam a participação política feminina, com foco na lei de cotas e na decisão judicial da ADI 5.617. Por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando o método dedutivo e técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica, o estudo buscará analisar pontos sensíveis referente aos direitos das mulheres, igualdade de gênero e participação política. A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo contribuir de forma oferecer uma análise abrangente e atualizada das questões que permeiam a participação política das mulheres no Brasil, destacando a importância de políticas públicas eficazes e de mudanças institucionais e culturais para alcançar uma democracia verdadeiramente inclusiva e representativa.
O papel do direito internacional dos direitos humanos e do direito internacional penal na construção do conceito de dignidade humana
Authors: Tonetto Fernanda Figueira , Louzada Thiago Tonetto
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo tem por objetivo abordar a complexidade da tarefa de definir o conceito de dignidade humana, apesar de esse ser um fundamento central dos textos normativos nacionais e internacionais. Nesse sentido, a dignidade humana é apresentada como um valor universal e transversal aos sistemas jurídicos globais, que refletem a necessidade de proteção ao irredutível humano. A partir dessa perspectiva, será examinado o desenvolvimento do direito internacional dos direitos humanos e do direito internacional penal, com vistas a perquirir de que modo a discriminação, as guerras e os crimes influenciaram esse desenvolvimento para, ao final, tentar identificar os desafios futuros da proteção dos direitos humanos.
Strategizing Russia’s Trade with Some Countries in East and South-East Asia
Authors: Yakovlev Artem , Malyutina Olga , Bagamaeva Juma
Published: September 2024

As western sanctions affect Russia’s foreign policy, its foreign trade policy takes a turn to the East. Econometric modelling applied to the strategy of trade flows may reveal some important factors that affect the volume of Russian trade with Asian countries. The authors assessed the prospects for the development of trade relations between Russia and some countries of East and South-East Asia. The study focuses on international trade relations between the Russian Federation and some countries of East and South-East Asia, i.e., China, India, Vietnam, and Singapore. The methods included econometric and graphical modeling, as well as a comparative analysis. The gravity model confirmed Russia’s reorientation to the East. However, the geographic distance has a negative impact on the trade volume, increasing the delivery cost and time. Free trade areas, on the other hand, facilitate the trade, e.g., with Vietnam and Singapore. According to the gravity model, the coming years will witness an increase in the trade cooperation between the Russian Federation and the abovementioned Asian countries as Russia’s foreign trade policy gathers pace in the new geopolitical reality. A potential free trade area will strengthen Russia’s trade bonds with the People’s Republic of China.
Introduction to different types of microbial electrochemical technologies
Authors: Nazir Md. , Shaw Rajdeep , Bandopadhyay Rajib
Published: September 2024

The global energy crisis due to the diminishing of fossil fuels with an increasing demand for power has a major impact on the environment and the health of humans. On the contrary, waste production has been increasing for many decades. Among wastewaters, industrial wastewater is a challenging threat in today's era. To generate bioenergy as an alternative energy source, wastewater treatment and nutrient recovery by microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) are very efficient. Different METs are being developed, some of them being very efficient; for example, microbial electrolysis cells produce hydrogen or methane from organic matter when electric current is applied. Microbial electrochemical snorkel is a microbial fuel cell which has a short circuit. Geobacter sp. produces 556 mW/m2 power from food wastes. An alga Shewanella sp. produces 50 mW/m2 from dairy wastewater. Therefore, resource recovery technology using desirable microorganisms is very convenient.
Light-assisted microbial electrochemical technologies for bioelectricity generation and product recovery
Authors: Rajpurohit Praveen , Behera Manaswini
Published: September 2024

With the increase in demand for the improvement of microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) for bioelectricity generation and product recovery, light-assisted METs have developed as an option. The use of light helps in the electrohydrogenesis process at the cathode. Various variants of light-assisted METs employ photosynthetic bacteria/algae, anode and photocathode assembly, and so on. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) using photosynthetic bacteria, bioelectrodes, and hybrids of photoelectrocatalytic cells (PECs) and MFCs show superior performance compared to individual MFCs. The dye-sensitized solar cell coupling of MFCs helps enhance electrohydrogenesis and H2 production.

This book chapter deals with all types of light-assisted METs. The effect of the configuration, electrode material, electrolyte, and physical and chemical factors on the performance of light-assisted METs is discussed. The miniaturizing and stacking of reactors in solar-assisted METs is a current approach showing superior performance. The value-added products formed at the cathodic compartment, carbon-based or H2 gas, are discussed and reported literature compared with the enhanced recovery of existing METs.
Use of industrial waste to synthesize novel electrode and membrane materials for microbial electrochemical technologies
Authors: Sen Himanshi , Sogani Monika , Rajvanshi Jayana , Gupta Nishan Sen , Syed Zainab , Das Sovik , Sonu Kumar
Published: September 2024

The escalating environmental degradation resulting from an exponential growth in waste generation and improper disposal practices necessitates immediate consideration and innovative solutions. The concept of a circular economy, which emphasizes the potential of solid wastes to be transformed into valuable raw materials, offers a promising approach to address this pressing issue. In this chapter, we explore the transformation of industrial waste into electrode and membrane materials for microbial electrochemical technologies (METs). Various synthetic techniques have been identified, enabling the conversion of industrial waste into viable materials for METs. The proposed framework encompasses critical aspects, including waste pre-treatment, raw material extraction, fabrication, and characterization processes, as well as the performance evaluation of electrodes and membranes derived from waste sources. We thoroughly examine the advantages and limitations associated with waste-derived electrodes and membranes, providing valuable insights into their potential applications and challenges. By harnessing waste resources for electrode and membrane production, we not only contribute to environmental sustainability but also advance toward greener practices and a more sustainable future. The favorable material properties inherent in waste resources and the availability of suitable processing facilities render this approach particularly promising. This chapter elucidates the vast potential of using industrial waste to synthesize novel electrode and membrane materials for METs. By adopting a circular economy mindset and promoting waste recycling and reutilization, we can achieve significant benefits in terms of environmental preservation and resource optimization. The integration of waste-derived materials into METs paves the way for a more sustainable and efficient approach to address environmental challenges.
Space–time prediction of residual chlorine in a water distribution network using artificial intelligence and the EPANET hydraulic model
Authors: Kwio-Tamale Julius Caesar , Onyutha Charles
Published: September 2024

Insufficient knowledge of physical models and difficulty in fitting statistical models impair the choice of models to regulate residual chlorine in water distribution. This paper compared the performance of physical and statistical models in predicting residual chlorine concentrations in drinking water distribution. Drinking water was sampled from the downstream 128 water points water pipeline. Online chlorine concentrations were determined at water draw-off points. EPANET, the physical model, was used because of its efficiency in tracking dissolved chemicals. Statistical models used were regression, decision tree, random forest and artificial neural network. In the whole distribution network, the artificial neural network performed at R2 of 94%, multi-linear regression (62%), random forest (55%), decision tree (41%), and EPANET (24%). However, EPANET yielded improved performance with R2 above 70% when separately applied to individual sub-distribution networks; hence, is recommended for secondary chlorination in small distribution networks. For modelling large distribution networks, statistical models, especially an artificial neural network, are recommended. However, such cases still need support from confirmatory systems of interpretable parametric or hydraulic models that can achieve good performance with R2 ≥ 80%. Water utilities can use these results to deploy model(s) for managing residual chlorine within safe limits of residual chlorine concentration in water distribution practice.
PRÁTICAS EM SAÚDE EM PROL DO NOVEMBRO AZUL
Authors: Vitória da Costa Silva Luana , Ana Pedrina Freitas Mascarenhas  , Maressa Gabriele Bezerra Marques  , Clara Eloysa Palhares Braga  , Maria Josilene Leonardo da Silva  , Eliene Guilherme Mendonça  , Diógenes de Medeiros Araújo  , Evellyn Katiúska de Medeiros e Silva  , Andrew Luís de Albuquerque Cabral  , Maria Julyane Cruz da Silva  , Ivan Lucas da Silva  , Maxsuel Mendonça dos Santos
Published: September 2024

Objetiva-se relatar a experiência de discentes do curso de Enfermagem nas atividades realizadas durante o Novembro Azul. Trata-se de um relato de experiência do tipo descritivo, que versa sobre os fenômenos observados pelos discentes do curso de Enfermagem no contexto de estágio supervisionado em Atenção Básica à Saúde. As ações ocorreram em 6 unidades básicas de saúde do estado Rio Grande do Norte. Os momentos de palestras e rodas de conversas foram destinados a elucidar dúvidas e compartilhamento de experiências, além da realização de exames PSA, contribuindo para a formação dos discentes participantes das ações. Ampliar os debates sobre a promoção em saúde entre os profissionais e a população, são importantes para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas que visem a autonomia e o autocuidado no processo saúde-doença.
Nerolidol- Potential Therapeutic Agent for Various Neurological Disorders via its Antioxidative Property
Authors: Varshney Vibhav , Varshney Prachi , Kumar Abhishek , Goyal Ahsas , Garabadu Debapriya
Published: September 2024

Neurological disorders are devastating conditions affecting both cognitive and motorrelated
functions in aged people. Yet there is no proper medication to treat these illnesses, and
the currently available medications can only provide symptomatic relief to the patients. All neurological
disorders share the same etiology, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction,
neurochemical deficiency, neuronal loss, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neuroinflammation,
and disease-related protein aggregation. Nowadays, researchers use antioxidant-based
strategies to prevent or halt the disease progression. Nerolidol, a strong antioxidant, possesses
various biological activities and properties that treat cardiotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity,
and many other diseases. Many recent publications and research studies highlight the beneficial
effect of nerolidol on brain disorders. In Alzheimer’s disease, nerolidol shows neuroprotection
by decreasing amyloid plaque formation, lipid peroxidation, cholinergic neuronal loss, locomotor
dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and hippocampal damage via enhancing antioxidant
expression. Also, it shows neuroprotection against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity by inhibiting
microglial activation. Another study reported that nerolidol shows antiepileptic effects in animal
models by suppressing kindling-induced memory impairment by decreasing oxidative stress. It
has been found that NRL administration increases the antioxidant levels, decreasing the proinflammatory
cytokine release as well as decreasing the apoptotic protein and cerebral infarct
size. In conclusion, nerolidol tends to reverse the harmful effects of disease-related factors, including
OS, neuroinflammation, protein aggregation, and apoptosis, making nerolidol a choiceable
drug for the management of neurological disorders. The purpose of this review is to discuss
the mechanism of nerolidol in treating various neurological disorders.