bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Sntinel-1 radar interferometric images for the monitoring of vertical displacements of the earth’s surface affected by non-tidal atmospheric loading
Authors: Tretyak K.R. , Kukhtar D.V.
Published: March 2023

The vertical movements of the Earth’s surface affected by non-tidal atmospheric loading (NTAL) are analyzed using satellite radar interferometry data. A clear relationship between deformation maps data derived from radar interferometry data and the GNSS time series of permanent stations has been established. The object of the study was the areas around the GNSS stations BYCH (Buchach), GORD (Horodok), CRNT (Chernivtsi). The input data were four pairs of radar interferometric images for the specified areas.Radar satellite images were obtained from the Sentinel-1A spacecraft. Data type — SLC (Single Look Complex) with vertical polarization. Acquisition mode — wideband interferometric IW (Interferometric Wide Swath). Data were processed using SNAP (Sentinel Application Platform) software. The processing yileded maps of vertical displacement of the specified territories where the earth’s surface displacement caused by influence of non-tidal atmospheric loading had taken place. The values obtained on the basis of vertical displacement maps have a high agreement with the results of time series of changes in the altitude position of permanent GNSS stations. The results obtained in the article are of both scientific and practical importance for studying the impact of non-tidal atmospheric loading in large areas. The practical significance is in improving the accuracy of terrestrial geodetic measurements’ processing, in particular high-precision levelling. The research data allow to make corrections of the results of levelling for short-period displacements affected by the influence of non-tidal atmospheric loading (NTAL).
Oil and gas potential and modern seismicity of the Azerbaijan sector of the Caspian Sea
Authors: Yetirmishli G.J. , Kazimova S.E. , Kazimov I.E.
Published: March 2023

Hydrocarbon deposits of the Republic of Azerbaijan are located in the South-Caspian oil and gas basin, on the territory of the Absheron Peninsula and the adjacent waters of the Caspian Sea. There are more than 80 oil and gas fields here. For this purpose, this article presents the geological structure of the South Caspian Depression, as well as the Apsheron-Pribalkhansk zone. Conducted analysis of oil and gas reserves and modern seismicity of the Caspian Sea. Increase in recoverable oil reserves, stabilization of mining at this stage — the task number is one for the oil field. It has been established that in recent years the level of seismic activity in certain areas of the Caspian Sea has risen, and the amount of seismic energy released in the Central Caspian Sea has increased by several dozen times. Distribution of density of epicenters in the whole alpine part of the region carries a weakly expressed wave character, which is represented by an alternation of differentiated zones of elevated and lowered concentration of epicenters. Zones have a predominantly north-western, submeridional and subshirot space. To determine the regularity of the distribution of hypocenter centers in the region, a diagram of the dependence of the number of earthquakes on the depths was built. In the waters of the Caspian Sea, 90 % of the hypocenters are located at a depth of more than 35 km. Together with them meet and close surface earthquakes. It was assumed that the change in the flow of oil in many seabed areas of the northern part of the Absheron-Balkhan storage system is associated with strong (ml>3.0) earthquakes of characteristic type. Besides, there was a schematic model, which characterizes the formation of oil and gas fields in the structures, caused by the stress on the local area. The formation of the zone of localization of oil is associated with the accumulation of stresses in the local geodynamic fields and the formation of cracked media, although in such areas there is a gap, the probability of migration of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbons. On the basis of the above, it is possible to assume that there is a definite regularity between the oil and gas fields and seismicity in one and the same interval.
English Language and Communicative Proficiency of Saudi Tourism and Hospitality Students: A Present Situation Analysis
Authors: Abdullah Al-Malki Eidhah
Published: March 2023

This study investigates the level of proficiency of Saudi tourism undergraduates in various language skills and sub-skills, grammar, and tourism vocabulary. It also evaluates the present teaching materials used at the colleges of Truism and hospitality. A mixed-methods approach has been used in this study. A Likert-scale questionnaire was administered to two hundred nine (n=209) STU to gather quantitative data. The qualitative data was generated by interviewing one vice dean of academic affairs, one head of the English department, and 10 teachers. Both instruments were self-developed and standard procedures were followed to determine their content validity and reliability. The descriptive analyses were run to interpret the quantitative data whereas the qualitative data were presented through verbal responses of the participants. The results have informed that speaking and listening skills are the weakest followed by writing and reading skills respectively. They are also weak in English grammar, tourism-related vocabulary, and various language sub-skills. The teaching materials presently taught at the colleges of tourism and hospitality in Saudi Arabia do not suit their specific tourism needs. It is strongly recommended that indigenous teaching materials should be developed to meet the professional needs of Saudi tourism undergraduates taking into consideration their present proficiency in various language skills, sub-skills, tourism-related vocabulary and grammar. Furthermore, the local and cultural requirements and preferences of Saudi tourism undergraduates should be considered while developing the teaching materials to ensure effective English language practices.
Formation of the principle of respect for human rights in Europe, its connection with international and national security
Authors: Kononenko V.
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the formation process, the current state and perspectives of the relationship between states that do not respect human rights and basic freedoms. Such states pose a danger to the stable development of international relations and fruitful cooperation between states, and ultimately to international peace and security.

The modern world is characterized by the fact that the expansion of human and citizen rights occurs as a result of the development of norms of both national and international law. This bilateral process helps mutual enrichment of legislation and allows raising the bar of human rights to a new level.

Speaking of security, the world still ignores the real protection of human rights, replacing it with a formal one.

The principle of respect for human rights has a direct and inverse relationship with international and national security: states that systematically abuse human rights are recognized as initiators of aggression. And external aggression itself contradicts the interests of both the aggressor state itself and its population. Aggression entails the application of serious international sanctions, which will hit its citizens hard, in particular, and will also entail a serious restriction of civil rights.

And vice versa: an improvement in the situation in the field of human rights protection reduces the probability of an aggressive war.

The refusal of a separate state to fulfill the requirements of the corresponding principles of respect for human rights does not cancel their importance for international and national security, and does not eliminate the negative consequences that such a refusal would entail.

The attack of the Russian Federation led to serious and massive violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, which had catastrophic consequences for the exercise of almost all human rights in Ukraine. But over the past two decades, the Russian authorities have systematically violated and restricted basic freedoms within their own state, closed down independent mass media, and banned peaceful protests in the country. And the war in Ukraine entails a further deterioration of the state of human rights in Russia: now a new iron curtain is being lowered there, behind which the authorities oppose the exercise of civil rights and a free and independent civil society.
Legal principles of participation of public associations in the search for missing person under special circumstances
Authors: Sydorenko S.
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the article lies in the fact that in the present conditions problematic issues of tracing missing persons are in the plane of solving the totality of legal sciences, such as administrative law, criminal law, forensics, criminology, operational-search activity.

The article states that certain aspects of search activity regarding missing persons were and still remain the subject of many studies. The author determined the state of scientific development of the subject of research, at the same time outlined the directions that require in-depth study due to the current state of the regulatory framework - the participation of public associations and volunteer organizations in the search for persons missing under special circumstances.

It was found that the search for persons missing under special circumstances requires updating the legal regulation due to the presence of separate legal gaps. In particular, the term "volunteer organization" and "volunteer movement" remains undefined, which are used by some public organizations to refer to their activities.

The attention is focused on the need to legislate the term "volunteer organization" ("volunteer movement"), by which it is proposed to understand a public association that carries out charitable activities in favor of persons affected by special circumstances, and does not intend to make a profit.

Legal support for the functioning of public associations, whose areas of activity are providing assistance in the search for missing persons - adults, children and a separate category of persons - military personnel and prisoners of war.

It is established that the legislation of Ukraine contains a list of state authorities that are empowered to carry out search actions against persons missing under special circumstances. Nevertheless, there is no proper organization for the publication of the functioning of public associations in the field of search for missing persons.
Learning Goal Analysis in University Liberal Arts Courses Using Topic Modeling and Keyword Network Analysis
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Lee Cine , Park Inwoo
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify the the co-relation among the learning goals in liberal arts courses core-competencies and ideal talents of the university.
First, as a result of frequency analysis of 886 learning goals described in syllabus for liberal arts courses opened in the 1st semester of K-university, ‘diversity’, ‘cultivate’, ‘goal’, ‘understanding’, ‘society’, ‘science’, ‘foundation’, and ‘reflection’ were as keywords. Second, 49,873 keyword pairs were derived by frequency of co-word appearance analysis the learning goal statement. The most frequent keyword pair ‘about-understand’ is traced to. Third, the topics from the simultaneous network analysis were classified info 8 communities based on centrality. Fourth, the latent topics were match the core competencies of the K-university by deriving a latent topic modeling analysis. The analyzed learning goal were compared with ideal liberal arts goals suggested from Korea National Institute for General Education.
An Educational Review of the Basis of Zhu Xi's 『Great Learning』 「theory of Perfecting Knowledge by Studying the Principles of Real Things」the Academic System
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, Han jiyoon
Published: March 2023

The aim of this paper is to establish an academic system based on 'neo-confucianism' due to Zhu Xi's 'thought history problem'. Therefore, it is to review educationally whether it is supplemented with「theory of perfecting knowledge by studying the principles of real things」. Zhu Xi's educational intention to supplement 「Great Learning」 is, first, to solve the 'thought history problem' and 'literary problem'. It is intended to evoke moral custom in a way that supplements the「theory of perfecting knowledge by studying the principles of real things」. Second, in accordance with the order of 「Great Learning」 confucian scriptures it learns first and then practices to achieve academic achievement, and in accordance with 「Great Learning」 confucian scriptures it is to examine not only the thing but also the mind. Due to this establishment intention, Zhu Xi builds an academic system that is ‘penetrating clearly and out-spreadly’ based on Confucius and Chang Heng-qu. And based on Confucius, Mencius, and Yi jeong, an academic system of ‘reverential attention’ is established. Zhu Xi's「theory of perfecting knowledge by studying the principles of real things」 academic system is based not only 'neo-confucianism' but also 'original confucianism’.
An Analysis of Research Trends on the Work First-then to College System in Specialized Vocational High School and Meister High School
Authors:   Korea Univ. Institute of Educational Research, kim Hyunsoo , Ryu Kiung
Published: March 2023

This study seeks to explore research trends related to the Work First-then to College System for Specialized Vocational High School and Meister High School graduates through analysis of academic papers published in Korea. For this study, 57 papers related to Work First-then to College System learning at Specialized Vocational High School and Meister High School among papers published in domestic journals including research for subjects, methods, and variables were analyzed.
As a result of the analysis, first, research in the field of the Work First-then to College System at Specialized Vocational High School and Meister High School has been steadily published since 2017. Second, it was found that the Work First-then to College System were being conducted in academic journals related to lifelong ability and vocational education. Third, the research subjects were mainly conducted on learners, and among them, the most studies were conducted on the Work First-then to College System students. Fourth, as a result of analyzing the research topic, the research related to the Work First-then to College System was found to be the most frequent. Fifth, looking at the results of the complementary analysis according to the research method, quantitative research was found to be far more frequent than qualitative research in Specialized Vocational High School and Meister High School. Sixth, as a result of analysis of related variables, social support, individual characteristics, and corporate characteristics were the most frequent. Finally, based on the results derived from this study, research directions related to the Work First-then to College System at Specialized Vocational High School and Meister High School were presented in the future.
Desenvolvimento rural no Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Pauli Rita Inês Paetzhold , Nachtigall Yasmin Dal Lago , Bueno Isadora dos Santos , Bender Filho Reisoli
Published: March 2023

O estudo tem por objetivo promover uma análise das diferentes variáveis caracterizadoras do desenvolvimento rural para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2006 e 2017. Os delineamentos metodológicos consideram à utilização de indicadores multissetoriais visando a observação dos aspectos socioeconômicos a partir de análise de quatro dimensões: populacional, estrutura e desempenho econômico, bem-estar e equidade e ambiental. Os resultados indicam que desenvolvimento rural pressupõe a melhoria dos aspectos sociais e econômicos da população residente neste locus. O meio rural gaúcho, no período analisado, vem apresentando melhorias na ampliação da infraestrutura dos residentes, porém verificou-se queda da população rural. Apesar dos avanços na conservação do meio ambiente constatou-se indícios de que o uso de agrotóxicos nos processos produtivos agrícolas pode estar limitando o desenvolvimento rural em aspectos como o bem-estar e a saúde da população residente. 
Palavras-chave: Desenvolvimento rural. Indicadores multissetoriais. População residente.
Financiamento e operacionalização da política pública de assistência social a partir da Emenda Constitucional 95/2016 na regional de Pato Branco, Paraná
Authors: Carolo Deise Thais Natsume , Eberhardt Leonardo Dresch , Oliveira Daniel Regis , Amaral Luciméli Nogueira do , Colla Francieli da Costa , Milani Maria Luiza
Published: March 2023

O objetivo do estudo é analisar o financiamento e operacionalização da política de assistência social a partir da Emenda Constitucional 95 de 2016, relacionados ao desenvolvimento dos municípios da 7ª Regional de Assistência Social sediada em Pato Branco, Paraná. A metodologia incluiu a triangulação de métodos quantitativos e qualitativos, com pesquisa documental e entrevistas. O grupo amostral foi constituído por dois contadores e seis gestores dos municípios da Regional com os três maiores e os três menores Índices de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal. Os resultados indicam que os principais problemas e desafios relacionados ao financiamento e operacionalização da assistência social a partir da Emenda, e agravados durante a pandemia de Covid-19, dizem respeito à imprecisão orçamentária, insuficiência de recursos, gestão da força de trabalho, manutenção da estrutura física e atendimento das necessidades sociais da população. Historicamente subfinanciada, a assistência social pode apresentar dificuldades ainda maiores relacionadas ao teto de gastos imposto pela Emenda.
Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas. Assistência Social. Políticas Sociais. Desenvolvimento Regional.
Inteligencia artificial, Bigdata y Derecho a la protección de datos de las personas trabajadoras
Authors: Molina Hermosilla Olimpia
Published: March 2023

El presente estudio propone una reflexión sobre cuál es el impacto real que los vertiginosos avances en el ámbito de la Inteligencia Artificial y Bigdata incorporados a los sistemas productivos, están teniendo en el derecho fundamental de las personas trabajadoras a la protección de sus datos personales y a su privacidad. A su vez, se aportan elementos para construir una lectura integradora de estos avances en el ámbito de las relaciones laborales, respetuosa con los derechos fundamentales de las personas trabajadoras, lo que supone desterrar aquella que responda a la búsqueda salvaje del incremento de la competitividad y beneficio empresarial.
Dietary Intake of Vitamin D and Dental Caries Incidence in People with Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Stoichkov B. , Doichinova L. , Bakurdjiev P. , Radeva E. , Kirov D. , Nikolova M.
Published: March 2023

Aims

The aims of the present study are to investigate the relationship between the anthropometric indicators and peculiarities of the nutritional intake in people with overweight and obesity and the risk factors for the development of dental caries in adults.

Materials and Methods

The study involved 264 individuals aged between 18 and 60 years. The following risk factors for the development of dental caries were traced: diet (carbohydrate intake), oral hygiene habits and social status in overweight and obese people. The dental caries incidence was determined through the DMFT index, by assessing the total number of teeth which are decayed (D), missing (M) due to caries, or filled (treated, F).

Results

The age-related distribution was as follows: from 18 to 25 years – 14.4%; from 25 to 35 years – 16.7%; from 35 to 50 years – 42.4%; and over 50 years – 26.5%. The established average BMI was 25.60 ± 4.359, with the lowest and highest measured values – 18.5 and 37.55, respectively. The value of DMFT was 12.55 ± 5.545. A direct correlation between the elevated incidence of dental caries in patients with overweight and obesity was revealed. No significant relationship was found between the decreased nutritional intake of vitamin D and the incidence of dental caries in individuals with Class I and Class II obesity.

Conclusion

Dental caries and obesity have a similar etiology – improper dietary habits, excessive consumption of foods containing low molecular weight carbohydrates and carbonated beverages. The reported higher levels of dental caries in these groups could be explained by an improper diet and more frequent snacking.
Antiproliferative Activity of Natural Flavonoid Fustin Isolated from the Heartwood of Cotinus Coggygria Scop. Against Breast and Colon Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Gospodinova Z. , Antov G. , Novakovic M. , Tesevic V. , Krasteva N. , Pavlov D. , Valcheva-Kuzmanova S.
Published: March 2023

Background and objective

Cotinus coggygria Scop. is a valuable medicinal plant species with pronounced pharmacological potential due to its numerous biological activities. The herb is characterized by a high content of polyphenols among which is fustin. The anticancer activities of fustin, however, are extremely weakly studied. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro antiproliferative potential of fustin isolated from the heartwood of C. coggygria against cell lines originating from two of the most common cancer types – breast (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7), and colon cancer (Colon 26).

Materials and methods

Cell growth inhibitory properties of fustin were examined by MTT assay. Subsequently, phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopy analysis as well as colonyforming assay were carried out on the most sensitive to the cytostatic action of the fustin cell line.

Results

The obtained results showed that fustin reduced the proliferation of all studied cell lines. The highest cytostatic effect was registered towards breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 56.02 μg/ml followed by colon cancer cells with an IC50 of 78.07 μg/ml. MCF7 cell proliferation was least affected with a calculated IC50 of 187.8 μg/ml. Further investigations on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells indicated decreased density of cell monolayer and some morphological alterations, significant attenuation in the number of viable cells, and diminished clonogenic ability of cells after fustin exposure.

Conclusion

It could be concluded that fustin isolated from the heartwood of medicinal plant C. coggygria possesses marked antiproliferative properties against breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 which will be a subject of our more detailed future investigations.
The Effect of Smoking and Opioid Consumption on the Severity of the Disease and Duration of Hospitalization in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Fayazi H. S. , Naeimi A. , Yaseri M. , Khatibani S. S. M.
Published: March 2023

Objective

In the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic, various studies on the target communities of this virus were widely started and rapidly progressed. Smokers and opioid consumers are one of the virus targets since they have a vulnerable respiratory system. Due to the contradictory results in previous studies and the lack of similar investigations in this area, we aimed to perform this study to investigate the effect of smoking and opioid consumption on the consequences of the COVID-19 disease.

Materials and Methods

In this retrospective study, the required information was collected and analyzed from the archives of Razi Hospital, Rasht, Iran. Study variables included age, sex, the need for intubation, hospital length of stay, history of current smoking or opioid consumption, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ICU length of stay, admission oxygen saturation, disease severity, and the outcome of death or recovery. Data were collected and divided into the case (including current cigarette smokers, opioid consumers, and cigarette-opioid consumers) and control (non-smokers and non-opioid-consumers) groups. Out of 986 patients, 489 patients met the criteria for inclusion and subsequent analysis. The average age was 69.79 ± 16.06, and 294 (60.1%) patients were male. The median age of the case group (65.15 ± 42.41) was older than the control group (57.45 ± 15.71, P = 0.001). The case group consisted of more male patients than the control group (P = 0.001).

Results

The adjusted regression models demonstrated that current cigarette smoking, opioid, and cigarette-opioid consumption did not significantly predict hospital and ICU length of stay, ICU admission, disease severity, and mortality outcomes (P > 0.05). Current cigarette smoking and opioid consumption could not be an independent predictor for the consequences of ICU admission, hospital and ICU length of stay, the need for intubation, disease severity, and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
A Clinical Case of Tonsillar Lymphangiomatous Polyp
Authors: Vlaykov A. , Atanasov A. , Hadzhi M. , Gulubova M.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Tonsil lymphangiomas are extremely rare benign tonsil tumors. They could be asymptomatic, especially when they are small, and in these cases, they are most often found by chance on physical examination.

Clinical case

The authors present a 67-year-old man with complaints of discomfort, a sore throat, and an unspecific formation on his right tonsil. Upon microscopic examination, we found a polypoid mass covered by squamous epithelium with a stroma composed of lymphoid tissue.

Discussion

Benign tonsillar tumors are significantly more common than malignant ones. Lymphangiomatous polyps located in the tonsillar region, on the other hand, have been described as very rare, and their etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. They tend to occur in areas where lymph vessels are abundant, with more than 90% of all lymphangiomas occurring in the head and neck region.

Conclusion

Lymphangiomatous polyps should be considered in the differential diagnosis of all benign tumors, and it is extremely important to differentiate them from malignant tonsil lesions.
“The Hardships of the Beginning”. The “Foreign Character” of Transylvanian Towns in the Interwar Press
Authors: Tătar-Dan Maria
Published: March 2023

The Union of 1918 stands in the Romanian historiography as the great event of the national history, the moment when Romanians who had been living for centuries under foreign rules came together in one united country. Despite the enthusiasm of those days, soon it became obvious that putting together areas with different histories, different backgrounds and different cultures was not such a simple process. The difficulties and the setbacks of the aftermath of the Great Union entered more recently the attention of the Romanian historiography, preoccupied for a long time rather on its significance for the nation than on its hardships. The present study addresses one of the issues debated in the interwar Romanian press, regarding the extent to which Transylvania was getting loose of its foreign marks and gaining a Romanian character.
A Short-Lived Newspaper from TG. Mureș, The Erdélyi Társaság (1921-1922)
Authors: Attila Kálmán
Published: March 2023

The very short-lived newspaper, Erdélyi Társaság, appeared in Tg. Mureş in the period 1921-1922. It was created as a society, cultural, arts newspaper. In its columns it presented society news, literary works, sporting events, cultural events. The newspaper is considered to be almost unique in the history of the Tg. Mureş written press.
Primele Alegeri Parlamentare Din Județul Năsăud, Organizate După Urcarea PE Tron a Regelui Carol II
Authors: Bindea Ovidiu
Published: March 2023

The First Parliamentary Elections In Năsăud County, Organized After The Accession Of King Carol II

The elections organized in 1931 represent the first electoral events after the ascension to the throne of King Carol II. The weak authority of the regency meant that the restoration was done without any major opposition from the citizens, who, on the contrary, welcomed the event. In Năsăud county, Carol’s arrival and proclamation as king was received with great enthusiasm by the population and the authorities.

After the resignation of the P.N.Ţ government, the King tasked N. Iorga to form a government of national union. This government was, in fact, the first technocratic government in Romanian history. The national union was also organized in Năsăud county, where it had a joint list with the liberals and campaigned against P. N. Ţ. By appointing this government, the King wanted to show the parties that a government can be made outside of the parties.

After the June 1931 general elections in Năsăud county, the National Union obtained the two senatorial mandates and one deputy mandate, the People’s Party received one deputy mandate, and the other deputy mandate went to P.N.Ţ.The Iorga government was actually an attempt by King Carol II to govern outside of the parties and over the parties, an experiment that ultimately was a failure, the following governments belonging to the parties.
Religious Affiliation as a Political Site of Contestation? Polemical Voices of a New Generation of Romanian Romani Authors*
Authors: Zăloagă Marian
Published: March 2023

The 1990s and the early 2000s was a period of revitalization of the Romani studies in Romania. Participants in the process were non-Roma as well as Roma authors. The religious practices and the affiliations of the Romanies was regarded to be a significant matter to start building a dignified profile of the ethnic group from the perspective of the in - group members who ventured to participate in knowledge production,. If a first generation of Roma intellectuals were more concerned to find corelations and provide explanations in a more or less essentialized fashion, the analysis of the scientific literature authored by a young generation of the in-group members indicate a certain tendency to over-politicize the topic of religiosity and the religious affiliation of the Romanian Romanies. In the process, the Romanian Orthodox Church has been turned into a target. Specifically, the acknowledgment that the dominating religious actor from Romania took part in the perpetuation of the state of slavery of the Romanies makes the Romanian Orthodoxy vulnerable to a series of recent public attacks. This inglorious past is used to symbolically and rhetorically justify the ongoing reaffiliation of the Romanies to neo-Protestant churches. Recognizably, the politicization of the religious affiliation of the minority group was started by a first generation of Romanian Roma intellectuals and the young generation only intensified their attacks. If one considers the in-group knowledge production in a comparative manner, one can realize that a first generation of Romanian Roma intellectuals found it reasonable to accommodate the Romanipen to the religious background dominating in Romania, while a young generation has chosen to overtly and loudly confront the national hegemon religious institution. This is the main trend, but, as I will demonstrate it is not at all a unique approach to the religiosity of the Romanies as undertook by in-group voices. Some Romanian Roma authors have preferred to re-write back to their ethnic and generational peers and to take side with the Romanian Orthodox Church. In their research, the Romanies end up being blamed by a mendacious relation to the religious institution to which the majority Romanian population has been affiliating for centuries. At the same time, the neo-Protestant churches are suspected to act superficially and their missionary work among the Roma communities could be indirectly suggested to represent the convenient meeting ground between two religious scammers.

In the present paper I discuss to what extent the new generation of Romanian Roma intellectuals have considered suitable to weaponize the knowledge production on this specific matter and outline the political stakes behind the arguments employed to carry this symbolical and rhetorical battle between in-group narratives.
Chrysoprase – history and present
Authors: Sachanbiński Michał , Kuleba Mirosław , Natkaniec-Nowak Lucyna
Published: March 2023

The authors present the history of chrysoprase discovery and the progress of knowledge about this material over the millennia, based on the extended review of world literature. Tracing the oldest archaeological artifacts from before 9,000 years, the lens of history turns on a stone that has not been properly identified mineralogically for centuries. In the 1830s, chrysoprase was finally included into the chalcedony group and its green color was associated, very correctly, with nickel compounds dispersed in its structure. After all, the most current mineralogy of chrysoprase is presented on the basis of the results of modern analytical studies. These data clearly indicate that chrysoprase is a mixture of several SiO2 polymorphs with varying degrees of structural order (opal, chalcedony, moganite, quartz). This radically changes the previous taxonomy of chrysoprase and its position in current mineralogical and petrographic systematics.
NiTiO3/MnFe2O4 ferrite composites: synthesis, optical, ferroelectric and magnetic properties
Authors: Thom Dang Thi , Tuan Nguyen Hoang , Ngoc Tran Vu Diem , Nga Nguyen Tuyet , Phuong Nguyen Thanh , Dung Dang Duc , Thoa Do Thi Kim , Bac Luong Huu
Published: March 2023

This work reported the successful synthesis of ilmenite-spinel (1 − x)NiTiO3-xMnFe2O4 (x = 0, 0.05 and 0.10) composites by a simple sol-gel method. Phase formation of composites was analyzed by the X-ray diffraction method. All the synthesized samples formed diphasic ilmenite-ferrite composites without any trace of impurity or intermediate phase. The optical properties of synthesized composites were characterized by diffuse reflectance UV–visible spectroscopy. MnFe2O4 phase modified the optical band gap of NiTiO3 material and shifted its optical bandgap value toward lower energy. Ferroelectric and magnetic hysteresis loops were investigated at room temperature. The hysteresis loops indicated the typical ferromagnetic and ferroelectric nature of all composites at room temperature. In P-E loops, the remanent polarization (Pr
) and saturation polarization (Ps
) showed a slight increase in the sample with 5% MnFe2O4 phase addition. However, the lossy P-E loop was observed in the sample with the addition of 10% MnFe2O4. The presence of ferrite MnFe2O4 phase in NiTiO3 material enhanced the magnetic properties of NiTiO3 at room temperature. The M-H loops of NiTiO3-MnFe2O4 composites presented a ferromagnetic behavior with a dramatic increase in saturation magnetization with an increase of ferrite phase addition.
Synthesis and Characterization of SRF Fertilizer using a Mixture of Urea and Bentonite Clays
Authors: Pangestu K. R. , Suarya P. , Widihati I. A. G.
Published: March 2023

ABSTRAK

Penggunaan pupuk nitrogen secara berlebihan mengakibatkan pencemaran lingkungan serta merusak kondisi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat pupuk slow release fertilizer (SRF) mengunakan formula campuran lempung bentonit dengan urea. Sintesis pupuk SRF mengunakan metode pencampuran padat-cair dengan mengelusikan senyawa urea ke dalam 20 g lempung bentonit dengan variasi massa urea sebesar 10, 20, 30, 40, dan 50 g. Karakterisasi terhadap hasil sintesis pupuk SRF dilakukan dengan FTIR dan metode Kjeldahl. Spektra FTIR menunjukkan adanya vibrasi dari gugus fungsi N-H, C=O, dan C-N yang menjadi penyusun pupuk urea pada bilangan gelombang 3506.59, 1691.57, dan 1176.58. Kadar nitrogen yang terkandung dalam pupuk SRF di analisis dengan metode Kjeldhal dan didapatkan kadar nitrogen tertinggi sebesar 13.35 g/100g, dengan komposisi lempung bentonit 20 g dan 50 g pupuk urea.

Kata kunci: lempung bentonit, slow release fertilizer, urea.

ABSTRACT

Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers causes environmental pollution and damages soil conditions. This research aimed to synthesis a slow release fertilizer (SRF) using a mixture of bentonite clay with urea. The synthesis of SRF using the solid –liquid method was carried out by eluting the urea fertilizer in the 20 g of bentonite clay with various masses of urea of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g. The characterization of the SRF was done by FTIR and Kjeldhal methods. The FTIR spectra showed the presence of vibration of N-H, C=O, and C-N functional groups, which indicated the urea constituents, at the wave number of 3506.59, 1691.57, and 1176.58 cm-1. The nitrogen content in the SRF analyzed by the Kjeldhal method resulted in the highest value of 13.35 g/100g prepared with a composition of 20 g of bentonite clay and 50 g of urea fertilizer.

Keywords: bentonite clay, slow release fertilizer, urea.
METODE DESTRUKSI GELOMBANG MIKRO MENGGUNAKAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI ASAM NITRAT UNTUK PENENTUAN LOGAM Cd DAN Pb DALAM PRODUK MAKANAN BAYI
Authors: Taufiq Moh.
Published: March 2023

ABSTRAK

 

            Destruksi sistem gelombang mikro menggunakan variasi konsentrasi asam nitrat (3, 6, 9 mol/L) yang dikombinasikan dengan H2O2 30% (7:1 mL) telah berhasil diaplikasikan pada 4 (empat) jenis sampel produk makanan bayi (A, B, C, D) untuk keperluan analisis Cd dan Pb menggunakan spektroskopi serapan atom (AAS) AA240. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektifitas HNO3 encer pada proses destruksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada konsentrasi HNO3 3 mol/L proses destruksi tidak sempurna, kandungan Cd dan Pb yang terdeteksi lebih kecil dari batas kuantifikasi AAS-AA240. Sampel A, B, C dan D terdeteksi mengandung Cd dan Pb pada konsentrasi HNO3 6 dan 9 mol/L, larutan hasil destruksi jernih dan tidak ada residu padatan sebagai indikasi semua senyawa organik terdestruksi sempurna. Konsentrasi paling efektif diperoleh pada HNO3 9 mol/L dengan kandungan Cd dan Pb tertinggi terdapat pada sampel kode B masing-masing sebesar  0,50 ± 0,0385 dan 1,75 ± 0,2472 mg/L. Metode destruksi ini telah memenuhi kriteria persyaratan validasi dengan nilai perolehan kembali sebesar 89,75 – 105,29% untuk Cd dan 86,93 – 97,31% untuk Pb, metode ini dapat dijadikan sebagai metode alternatif dalam preparasi sampel untuk analisis logam, dapat dikategorikan sebagai metode analitik yang lebih aman, lebih ekonomis, dan menghasilkan limbah beracun yang lebih sedikit.

 

Kata Kunci: destruksi gelombang mikro, makanan bayi, metode AAS, preparasi sampel.

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

         A microwave digestion system using variation of nitric acid (3, 6, 9 mol/L) combined with 30% H2O2 has been successfully applied to 4 (four) types of baby food samples (A, B, C, D) for the determination of Cd and Pb using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) AA240. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of dilute HNO3 on the microwave digestion system. The results showed that at a 3 mol/L of HNO3 the digestion processes incomplete, the Cd and Pb contents is smaller than the limits of quantification of the AAS-AA240. The A, B, C dan D samples were detected Cd and Pb at 6 and 9 mol/L of HNO3, clear solutions and did not present solid residues, this condition indicates that all organic compounds is completely digested. The most effective concentration was 9 mol/L of HNO3, the highest of Cd and Pb content were found in the B sample namely 0.50 ± 0.0385 and 1.75 ± 0.2472 mg/L, respectively. This digestion method met the validation requirements with recoveries of 89.75 – 105.29% for Cd and 86.93 – 97.31% for Pb, this method can be used as an alternative for sample preparation of metal analysis, can be categorized as a safer analytical method, more economical, and generate less toxic waste.

 

Keywords: AAS method, baby food, microwave digestion system, sample preparation.
Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Kusuma H. R. , Putra A. A. B. , Suarya P.
Published: March 2023

ABSTRAK

 

Nitrogen memiliki peranan utama dalam proses pertumbuhan tanaman. Namun, keberadaan dan ketersediaan nitrogen di dalam tanah terbatas, karena mudah hilang dan terbawa air, sehingga menyebabkan efisiensi pemupukan nitrogen yang rendah. Peningkatan efisiensi pemupukan nitrogen dapat diupayakan melalui formulasi pupuk dalam bentuk slow release fertilizer (SRF) dan pemberian unsur nitrogen dalam jumlah yang banyak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pelepasan nitrogen total dalam tanah setelah terikat pada bentonit teraktivasi asam yang terlapisi amonium nitrat. Pada pembuatan SRF, pelapisan amonium nitrat pada bentonit teraktivasi dilakukan dengan perbandingan massa (gram) 20:20. Penentuan kadar nitrogen total dilaksanakan menggunakan metode Kjeldahl. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa SRF 20 memiliki kandungan nitrogen total tertinggi sebesar 0,77%. Karakterisasi SRF 20 menggunakan FTIR mengindikasikan adanya amonium nitrat yang terikat pada SRF 20. Gugus fungsi yang menyatakan adanya ikatan amonium nitrat pada SRF 20 adalah C-O dan N-H. Untuk pengulangan 1, 2, dan 3 selama 7 hari leaching, nitrogen total yang terlepas masing-masing sebanyak 0,0051; 0,0075; dan 0,0067 gram dengan sisa nitrogen 0,61; 0,60; dan 0,60 gram. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa nitrogen berhasil terperangkap dalam permukaan maupun struktur pori-pori adsorben, yaitu bentonit teraktivasi.

 

Kata kunci:   amonium nitrat-bentonit teraktivasi, pelepasan nitrogen, Slow Release Fertilizer

 

 

ABSTRACT

 

Nitrogen has a major role in the process of plant growth. Unfortunately, the presence and availability of nitrogen in the soil are limited because nitrogen is easily lost and carried away by water causing low nitrogen fertilization efficiency. Increasing the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization can be pursued through the formulation of fertilizer in the form of Slow Release Fertilizer (SRF) and the application of nitrogen in large quantities. The purpose of this study was to determine the total nitrogen release pattern in the soil after being bound to acid-activated bentonite coated with ammonium nitrate. In the preparation of the SRF, the activated bentonite was coated by ammonium nitrate with a mass ratio (grams) of 20:20. The tests for determining the total nitrogen content were done using Kjeldahl method. The results showed that SRF 20 had the highest total nitrogen content of 0.77%. The characterization of SRF 20 using FTIR revealed that the ammonium nitrate bound to the SRF 20. The functional groups indicating the presence of ammonium nitrate in the SRF 20 were C-O and N-H. In repetitions 1, 2, and 3 for 7 days of leaching, the total nitrogen released was 0.0051; 0.0075; and 0.0067 grams, with nitrogen remaining 0.61; 0.60; and 0.60 grams, respectively. This proved that nitrogen was successfully trapped in the surface and pore structure of the adsorbent, activated bentonite.

 

Keywords: ammonium nitrate-bentonite, nitrogen release, Slow Release Fertilizer
НОВЕ ОСМИСЛЕННЯ СУЧАСНОЇ ІСТОРІЇ УКРАЇНИ (рецензія на монографію: Головко В., Якубова Л. Україна і виклики посттоталітарного транзиту (1990–2019) / НАН України, Ін-т історії України. Київ: Академперіодика, 2021. 592 с., 48 с. іл.)
Authors: ДАВИДОВА Ірина , Дикий Олег
Published: March 2023

рецензія на монографію: Головко В., Якубова Л. Україна і виклики посттоталітарного транзиту (1990–2019) / НАН України, Ін-т історії України. Київ: Академперіодика, 2021. 592 с., 48 с. іл.
Seeking Education, Equity, and Diversity (Seed)
Authors: Ackles Crystal , Michael E. Anders, Ph.D
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Health care work cultures that embrace diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) foster innovations, synergy, and appreciation for differences.  To promote DEI, health care systems have encouraged professional development on cultural humility, which is awareness of one’s values, beliefs, and social position, given the current cultural context while mindful of history.  The national SEED Project (Seeking Educational Equity and Diversity) is a professional development program that prompts reflection and perspective shifting about workplace culture and systemic change. However, reports that examine the SEED learning experience and the participants’ intention for behavior change are lacking.  The purpose of our study was to examine:  (a) The SEED learning experience, (b) How personal views can foster cultural humility, and (c) The impact of SEED on intentions to effect change.
Methods
A purposive sample of eight (N = 8) faculty and staff from a SEED cohort at an academic health science center, with regional programs, participated in in-depth interviews to explore their personal views of how to foster cultural humility in health care and the impact of SEED to prompt intentions for behavior change. The investigators conducted a thematic analysis using an inductive, iterative method.  Independently, they read each transcript and created codes for each comment. Subsequently, they compared findings, developed a coding frame, and grouped codes into potential themes. They then individually applied the coding frame to the data and considered themes.  Finally, they built consensus on codes and synthesized codes into themes.
Results
Thematic analysis indicated the participants had a profound learning experience, which prompted them to develop cultural humility by re-framing cultural experiences and resolving to become more proactive about DEI in the workplace. They found small group discussions were insightful and provocative. These discussions led to new perspectives and behavior change or intentions for behavior change.  Our analysis generated three themes: (1) Connecting with diverse perspectives, (2) Developing new perspectives, and (3) Being proactive with advocacy and new strategies.
Conclusion
Health care professionals and organizations can use our findings to encourage professional development that potentially stimulates behavior change, the ultimate goal of professional development, related to DEI.  Future studies should examine the impact of this professional development within their organization and in the delivery of health care.
Evaluation of a Summer Research Program for Medical Students on a Regional Medical Campus
Authors: Radovich Lynsie , Termuhlen Paula , McCarty Catherine
Published: March 2023

In 2015, the University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth campus implemented a summer research program for medical students between their first and second years of training. The goal of the Medical Student Summer Research Program is to provide support for students who wish to participate in research as part of their medical training and to provide support for faculty for their ongoing research. The program is not a required part of the curriculum and students self-select to participate. We have fostered relationships with faculty mentors from our institution, two regional hospitals, as well as external institutions to support this program. Here we report on attitudes and assessments about this program over the first seven years. Student surveys indicate that the amount of additional stress of taking on a research project is manageable, overall critical thinking skills and communication skills improved by participating in research, and a greater appreciation for the importance and relevance of research to their practice was developed. Faculty survey results indicate that the stress of mentoring is manageable and many faculty report deliverable outcomes such as publications and grant submissions after having mentored students, however there are still some faculty needs that must be addressed. The overall survey results, and the continued support from faculty as mentors, highlight the culture of respect for research, training, and service at the Medical School Duluth and the importance of having a dedicated and sustainable Medical Student Summer Research Program available to our students.
Joubert Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors:   Department Of Physiotherapy, UIAHS, Chandigarh University, Punjab, India, Alam Sarfaraz
Published: March 2023

Joubert Syndrome (JS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic heterogeneously inherited disorder