bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Migrants’ mental health recovery in Italian reception facilities
Authors: Caroppo Emanuele , Calabrese Carmela , Mazza Marianna , Rinaldi Alessandro , Coluzzi Daniele , Napoli Pierangela , Sapienza Martina ,   UOC Salute Mentale working group, Monfrinotti Italo , Bosio Michela , Colosimo Francesco , Rita Francesco , Perrelli Fabrizio , Rosso Annalisa , Porfiri Maurizio , De Lellis Pietro
Published: November 2023

Background

Forced migration leaves deep marks on the psychological well-being of migrants, with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychological conditions being prevalent among them. While research has clarified the extent to which pre-migration trauma is a predictor of mental health outcomes, the role of post-migration stressors in the settlement environment are yet to be fully characterized.

Methods

We monitored mental health of a cohort of 100 asylum-seekers during their 14-day COVID-19-related quarantine in reception facilities in Rome, Italy, through the administration of six questionnaires (a demographic survey, the WHO-5 well-being index, the Primary Care PTSD Screen for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5), the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, the Trauma and Loss Spectrum—Self Report, and the LiMEs—Italian version). Through the combination of statistical analysis and supervised learning, we studied the impact of the first contact with the reception system on asylum-seekers’ mental health and sought for possible risk and shielding factors for PTSD.

Results

We find that sheltering in refugee centers has a positive impact on migrants’ mental health; asylum-seekers with PTSD reported more traumatic events and personality characteristics related to loss and trauma; life events are predictors of PTSD in asylum-seekers.

Conclusions

We identify past traumatic experiences as predictors of PTSD, and establish the positive role the immediate post-migration environment can play on migrants’ psychological well-being. We recommend for host countries to implement reception models that provide effective protection and integration of asylum-seekers, similar to those in the Italian system.
Energetic perspective on emergent inductance exhibited by magnetic textures in the pinned regime
Authors: Furuta Soju , Moody Samuel Harrison , Kado Kyohei , Koshibae Wataru , Kagawa Fumitaka
Published: November 2023

Spatially varying magnetic textures can exhibit electric-current-induced dynamics as a result of the spin-transfer torque effect. When such a magnetic system is electrically driven, an electric field is generated, which is called the emergent electric field. In particular, when magnetic-texture dynamics are induced under the application of an AC electric current, the emergent electric field also appears in an AC manner, notably, with an out-of-phase time profile, thus exhibiting inductor behavior, often called an emergent inductor. Here we show that the emergent inductance exhibited by magnetic textures in the pinned regime can be explained in terms of the current-induced energy stored in the magnetic system. We numerically find that the inductance values defined from the emergent electric field and the current-induced magnetization-distortion energy, respectively, are in quantitative agreement in the so-called adiabatic limit. Our findings indicate that emergent inductors retain the basic concept of conventional inductors; that is, the energy is stored under the application of electric current.
Methods and Strategies for C–N Bond Formation Reactions
Authors: Taherinia Zahra , Hajjami Maryam , Ghorbani-Choghamarani Arash
Published: November 2023

Organic compounds containing amino groups are one of the most important classes of chemicals in both academia and industry. This class of materials is a very important structural motif in organic synthesis due to its widespread applications in natural products, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials.

This book is a concise overview of modern approaches to N-alkylation and N-arylation of primary, secondary and tertiary amines using alkylating and arylating reagents with amino sources found in both basic and applied chemical research. The work also discusses key examples of amine synthesis from a sustainable perspective, using deep eutectic solvents and the application of amines in different areas. It is an ideal reference for advanced and postgraduate students as well as academic and industrial chemists working in organic, natural product, catalytic, medicinal, and polymer chemistry.
Liposome–exosome hybrids for in situ detection of exosomal miR-1246 in breast cancer
Authors: Zhou Xuting , Tang Wenting , Zhang Yan , Deng Aidong , Guo Yuehua , Qian Li
Published: November 2023

The in situ detection of miR-1246 based on integrating the CRISPR/Cas13a system with the formation of hybrids between exosomes and liposomes has been developed.
Single atom nanozymes for bacterial infection therapy
Authors: Lan Xing , Chen Miaomiao , He Xin , Gao Shutao , Zhao Xinghua
Published: November 2023

Bacterial infection-related diseases continue to pose a significant challenge to global human health. Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) have shown promissing potential as novel antibacterial agents for the future.
Modulation of [8]CPP properties by bridging two phenylene units
Authors: Ari Denis , Dureau Elodie , Jeannin Olivier , Rault-Berthelot Joëlle , Poriel Cyril , Quinton Cassandre
Published: November 2023

We report the synthesis and characterization of two new fluorophores, consisting of a [8]cyclo-para-phenylene core in which two phenylenes are bridged by either a nitrogen atom or a carbonyl group.
Ab initio study for late steps of CO2 and CO electroreduction: from CHCO* toward C2 products on Cu and CuZn nanoclusters
Authors: Ocampo-Restrepo Vivianne K. , Verga Lucas G. , Da Silva Juarez L. F.
Published: November 2023

Electroreduction of CO2 to C2 products such as ethanol is motivated by its potential application to satisfy global energy demand in a more sustainable and renewable way.
Revisiting the bonding of the pentagonal-pyramidal C6H62+ and C6(CH3)62+ dications
Authors: Seijas Luis E. , Almeida Rafael , Rincón Luis , Zambrano Cesar , Rodríguez Vladimir , Merino Gabriel , Torres F. Javier
Published: November 2023

This work examines second-order electron pair density by analyzing electron density localization, delocalization indices, and the Coulomb hole in benzene dications, providing new insights into hexacoordinate carbon bonding.
Correction: Cumulant mapping as the basis of multi-dimensional spectrometry
Authors: Frasinski Leszek J.
Published: November 2023

Correction for ‘Cumulant mapping as the basis of multi-dimensional spectrometry’ by Leszek J. Frasinski, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, 20776–20787, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP02365B.
Electrochemical removal of PET and PE microplastics for wastewater treatment
Authors: Mais Laura , Melis Nicola , Vacca Annalisa , Mascia Michele
Published: November 2023

The electrochemical oxidation of PE and PET microplastics with active chlorine species (ACS) electrogenerated is proposed. The degradation is assessed using a shrinking core-based kinetic model.
Ingredients, structure and reconstitution properties of instant powder foods and the potential for healthy product development: a comprehensive review
Authors: Ren Yi , Jia Fuhuai , Li Duo
Published: November 2023

The structure of instant powder foods is significantly influenced by their ingredients. Instant powder foods potentially can be formulated with functional or beneficial compounds to provide health benefits.
Self-assembled and perfusable microvasculature-on-chip for modeling leukocyte trafficking
Authors: Hirth Elisabeth , Cao Wuji , Peltonen Marina , Kapetanovic Edo , Dietsche Claudius , Svanberg Sara , Filippova Maria , Reddy Sai , Dittrich Petra S.
Published: November 2023

We developed and characterized a biologically functional microcirculation system consisting of arterial and venous endothelial cells and pericytes. The model was employed to study leukocyte transendothelial migration in the healthy and inflamed state.
A novel triphenylamine based push–pull fluorophore bearing a 2-thiohydantoin unit for toxic Hg2+ ion detection: exploring its potential for live cell imaging
Authors: Gawas Pratiksha P. , Ramakrishna Buthanapalli , Pamanji Rajesh , Selvin Joseph , Nutalapati Venkatramaiah
Published: November 2023

A novel triphenylamine based push–pull fluorophore (TPA-2TH) bearing a 2-thiohydantoin unit for detection of toxic Hg2+ ion and its live cell imaging in Zebrafish.
Cycling of potassium–carbonate co-substituted hydroxyapatite compositions for improved carbon dioxide capture at 500 °C
Authors: Nowicki Duncan A. , Gibson Iain R. , Skakle Janet M. S.
Published: November 2023

There is an immediate need to reduce CO2 emissions if the impacts of climate change are to be mitigated.
Confinement primes cells for faster migration by polarizing active mitochondria
Authors: Mosier Jenna A. , Fabiano Emily D. , Ludolph Catherine M. , White Addison E. , Reinhart-King Cynthia A.
Published: November 2023

Priming in confined, collagen microtracks increases speed and mitochondrial localization to the front of the cell, even after cells have transitioned out of confinement. Disrupting proper focal adhesion formation decreases this memory.
Multigenerational exposure of Ag materials (nano and salt) in soil – environmental hazards in Enchytraeus crypticus (Oligochaeta)
Authors: Santos Fátima C. F. , Verweij Rudo A. , Soares Amadeu M. V. M. , Scott-Fordsmand Janeck J. , van Gestel Cornelis A. M. , Amorim Mónica J. B.
Published: November 2023

Ag NM300K and AgNO3 kinetics showed how animals handle Ag exposure for 7 generations, compensating between detoxification and reproduction. Internal Ag peaked (F1 for AgNO3 (20 mg Ag) and F2 for Ag NM300K (70 mg Ag), after which detoxification co-occurred with decrease in reproduction.
Mapping the nanoscale elastic property modulations of polypyrrole thin films in liquid electrolyte with EC-AFM
Authors: Meinhardt Alexander , Lakner Pirmin , Huber Patrick , Keller Thomas F.
Published: November 2023

Linking structure to mechanical and elastic properties is a major concern for the development of novel electroactive materials.
Photoelectrochemical properties of p-type CuBi2O4 prepared by spray pyrolysis of carbon-free precursor aqueous solution combined with post-annealing treatment
Authors: Wakishima Kaisei , Higashi Tomohiro , Nagaoka Akira , Yoshino Kenji
Published: November 2023

CuBi2O4 photoelectrodes were fabricated by a spray pyrolysis method using a carbon-free precursor solution. The optimized CuBi2O4 generated a photocurrent of −0.94 mA cm−2via H2O2 reduction at 0.6 VRHE under simulated sunlight illumination.
Sorghum-derived porous carbon for outstanding green supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Fuming , Lang Hongchao , Wu Jinggao , Huang Jing
Published: November 2023

Exploiting high-performance carbonaceous materials from biomass for supercapacitor (SC) electrodes has attracted extensive attention.
Synthesis of allenynes via Pd-catalyzed coupling of 1,4-diyn-3-yl carbonates with boronic acids
Authors: Wang Jie , Qian Hui , Ma Shengming
Published: November 2023

A palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of 1,4-diyn-3-yl carbonates with organoboronic acids for a series of conjugated allenynes using S-phos or Gorlos-phos as the ligand under mild conditions has been developed.
An effective co-modification strategy to enhance the cycle stability of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Zhou Jingjing , Wei Bingxin , Liu Meng , Qin Yinping , Cheng Hongyu , Lyu Yingchun , Liu Yang , Guo Bingkun
Published: November 2023

A co-modified NCM811 cathode material with Co doping and a Li2SO4 coating is obtained by reaction of CoSO4 modifier with residual lithium via a one-step facile method.
The effects of electrodeposition temperature on morphology and corrosion resistance of calcium phosphorus coatings on magnesium alloy: comparative experimental and molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Yuan Jing , Dai Bin , Cui Xiaofeng , Li Pei
Published: November 2023

In this study, CaP coatings were prepared on the surface of an AZ31B magnesium alloy using electroplating in order to slow down the degradation rate of magnesium alloy in the simulated physiological environment.
Improving and measuring the solubility of favipiravir and montelukast in SC-CO2 with ethanol projecting their nanonization
Authors: Rojas Adrián , Sajadian Seyed Ali , López-de-Dicastillo Carol , Ardestani Nedasadat Saadati , Aguila Gonzalo , Jouyban Abolghasem
Published: November 2023

Improving and measuring the solubility of favipiravir and montelukast in SC-CO2 with ethanol projecting their nanonization.
In vitro anticancer evaluation of Enceleamycin A and its underlying mechanism
Authors: Khan Abujunaid , Pradeep S. , Dastager Syed G.
Published: November 2023

Enceleamycin A a candidate molecule for treating TNBC cells by targeting the AKT2 signaling pathway.
Unsupervised deep learning for molecular dynamics simulations: a novel analysis of protein–ligand interactions in SARS-CoV-2 Mpro
Authors: Mustali Jessica , Yasuda Ikki , Hirano Yoshinori , Yasuoka Kenji , Gautieri Alfonso , Arai Noriyoshi
Published: November 2023

Using SARS-CoV-2 Mpro as a case study, Wasserstein distance and dimension reduction are applied to the analysis of MD data of flexible complexes. The resulting embedding map correlates ligand-induced conformational differences and binding affinity.
Removal of typical pollutant ciprofloxacin using iron–nitrogen co-doped modified corncob in the presence of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Liu Yuankun , Zhang Xinxia , Liu Hongrun
Published: November 2023

˙OH, ˙O2− and 1O2 were the key reactive species in the Fe–N-BC/H2O2 system. The degradation mechanism, possible pathways and products toxicity of CIP were proposed.
A DFT study towards dynamic structures of iron and iron carbide and their effects on the activity of the Fischer–Tropsch process
Authors: Yin Qiang , Wang Hanqing , Zhao Jinping , Li Chengjun , Mao Yu
Published: November 2023

The Fe-based Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalyst shows a rich phase chemistry under pre-treatment and FTS conditions.
Molten salt synthesis of disordered spinel CoFe2O4 with improved electrochemical performance for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Muhamad Sarah Umeera , Idris Nurul Hayati , Yusoff Hanis Mohd , Md Din Muhamad Faiz , Majid Siti Rohana , Noerochim Lukman
Published: November 2023

Octahedron morphology of CoFe2O4 is obtained with particle size in the range of 1.0–1.5 μm. CoFe2O4 exhibits a high discharge capacity of 839 mA h g−1 in the first cycle at a current density of 0.1 A g−1 and good rate capability.
EnzymeMap: curation, validation and data-driven prediction of enzymatic reactions
Authors: Heid Esther , Probst Daniel , Green William H. , Madsen Georg K. H.
Published: November 2023

New curation and atom-mapping routine leading to large database of enzymatic reactions boosts performance of deep learning models.
Machine learning for analysis of experimental scattering and spectroscopy data in materials chemistry
Authors: Anker Andy S. , Butler Keith T. , Selvan Raghavendra , Jensen Kirsten M. Ø.
Published: November 2023

We discuss how machine learning methods can be applied to advance analysis of spectroscopy and scattering data in materials chemistry. We give examples illustrating the state-of-the-art and identify current challenges in the field.
Nanocomposite use in MFCs: a state of the art review
Authors: Kordek-Khalil Karolina , Altiok Esra , Salvian Anna , Siekierka Anna , Torres-Mendieta Rafael , Avignone-Rossa Claudio , Pietrelli Andrea , Gadkari Siddharth , Ieropoulos Ioannis A. , Yalcinkaya Fatma
Published: November 2023

Incorporating nanomaterials into Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) is gaining interest as a promising approach for sustainable energy production via microbial metabolism.
Fabrication and study of a high output power flexible fabric hydrovoltaic generator
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyang , Zhang Xuefei , Fan Xiaoxuan , Ren Hai-Tao , Lin Jia-Horng , Lou Ching-Wen , Li Ting-Ting
Published: November 2023

Higher capacity of attracting ions causes an increase in charge imbalance and enhances the power generation performance of GCMHEG, and only physical behavior exists in the modified power generation process.
Advanced electrolyte with high stability and low-temperature resistance for zinc-ion batteries
Authors: Bai Qixian , Meng Qi , Liu Weiping , Lin Wenjun , Yi Pengfei , Tang Jingjing , Zhang Guilin , Cao Penghui , Yang Juan
Published: November 2023

Sodium alginate was selected as a matrix and trehalose was employed as an additive to form a hydrogel electrolyte for Zn-ion batteries applied at low temperatures.
Adjustable oil adhesion on superamphiphobic copper surfaces for controlled oil droplet transport
Authors: Si Wen , Dai Xin , He Shiping , Guo Zhiguang
Published: November 2023

In this paper, an approach of laser-etched material reduction combined with a chemical method is presented to obtain superamphiphobic copper surfaces with UV resistance, adjustable oil adhesion, and corrosion resistance.
Synthesis of highly ordered L10 MPt alloys (M = Fe, Co, Ni) from crystalline salts: an in situ study of the pre-ordered precursor reduction strategy
Authors: Laureti S. , D’Acapito F. , Imperatori P. , Patrizi E. , Varvaro G. , Puri A. , Cannas C. , Capobianchi A.
Published: November 2023

The synthesis of highly ordered magnetic L10 alloys by means of the so-called pre-ordered precursor reduction (PPR) approach is deeply investigated by in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments.
Magnetic order in a quenched-high-temperature-phase of Cu-doped MnBi
Authors: Angelo Gina , Philbrick Jeremy G. , Zhang Jian , Kong Tai , Gui Xin
Published: November 2023

Cu-doped MnBi crystals adopt a new type of high-temperature phase of the well-known permanent magnet, MnBi. The magnetic diagram demonstrates the evolution of magnetic orders along with increasing concentration of Cu in such a system.
Memristor based electronic devices towards biomedical applications
Authors: Zhang Jie , Du Junmei , Yang Chuan , Liang Haotian , Cao Zelin , Duan Xuegang , Yan Wentao , Zhao Yong , Sun Bai
Published: November 2023

This paper systematically reviewed the preparation technologies, research progress, and typical applications of memristors in biomedical fields.
New RM734-like fluid ferroelectrics enabled through a simplified protecting group free synthesis
Authors: Gibb Calum J. , Mandle Richard J.
Published: November 2023

We report a simplified method for preparing RM734, enabling the discovery of new NF materials previously difficult to synthesize using traditional approaches.
Eu2+/Eu3+-doped oxyfluoride glass-ceramics for modular warm white emission
Authors: Chen Jiayuan , Gao Yuan , Li Junhao , He Zhengxu , Zhou Dacheng , Qiu Jianbei
Published: November 2023

A novel glass-ceramic system with selective co-doping of Eu2+/Eu3+ that emits warm-white emission with a correlated color temperature of <3500 K, color rendering index of 78, and quantum yield of >46% was developed by combining a UV chip and a laser.
An ultraviolet, self-powered, and large area photodetector based on a n-SnO2/p-spiro-OMeTAD organic–inorganic heterojunction
Authors: Li Mengqing , Zhou Huawei , Yin Jie , Zhang Xianxi
Published: November 2023

In this study, we fabricated an ultraviolet photodetector based on a n-SnO2/p-spiro-OMeTAD organic–inorganic heterojunction by spin-coating. Its optoelectronic properties and stability were studied.
Chitosan/PVA-supported silver nanoparticles for azo dyes removal: fabrication, characterization, and assessment of antioxidant activity
Authors: Meydan Ismet , Aygun Aysenur , Tiri Rima Nour Elhouda , Gur Tugba , Kocak Yılmaz , Seckin Hamdullah , Sen Fatih
Published: November 2023

The photocatalytic activity of AgNPs@chitosan/PVA nanocomposite was tested against different dyes such as methylene blue, methylene orange, and methylene red as an effective photocatalyst.
Fuel ignition using remote generation of microwave plasma in air at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Fragge Beatrice , Sokoloff Jérôme , Rouzaud Olivier , Pascal Olivier , Orain Mikael
Published: November 2023

The high demand for a new ignition device for aeronautical engines has motivated the study on an innovative microwave approach, presented in this paper. A dedicated experimental set-up is presented in which we demonstrate the successful ignition of a kerosene spray by a remotely excited microwave plasma. This plasma is created in a Split Ring Resonator (SRR) gap, placed in a copper cavity, in air at atmospheric conditions at the frequency of f = 2.8467 GHz and a pulsed power injected into the cavity of Pcav ≈ 1500 W.
RANK and RANKL Expression in Tumors of Patients with Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Behrens Annika , Wurmthaler Lena , Heindl Felix , Gass Paul , Häberle Lothar , Volz Bernhard , Hack Carolin C. , Emons Julius , Erber Ramona , Hartmann Arndt , Beckmann Matthias W. , Ruebner Matthias , Dougall William C. , Press Michael F. , Fasching Peter A. , Huebner Hanna
Published: November 2023

The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) pathway was associated with the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Several studies attempted to link the RANK/RANKL pathway to prognosis;
however, with inconsistent outcomes. We aimed to further contribute to the knowledge about RANK/RANKL as prognostic factors in breast cancer. Within this study, protein expression of RANK and
its ligand, RANKL, in the tumor tissue was analyzed in association with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in a study cohort of patients with early breast cancer.

607 samples of female primary and early breast cancer patients from the Bavarian Breast Cancer Cases and Controls Study were analyzed to correlate the RANK and RANKL expression with DFS
and OS. Therefore, expression was quantified using immunohistochemical staining of a tissue microarray. H-scores were determined with the cut-off value of 8.5 for RANK and 0 for RANKL
expression, respectively.

RANK and RANKL immunohistochemistry were assessed by H-score. Both biomarkers did not correlate (ρ = −0.04). According to molecular subtypes, triple-negative tumors and HER2-positive
tumors showed a higher number of RANK-positive tumors (H-score ≥ 8.5), however, no subtype-specific expression of RANKL could be detected. Higher RANKL expression tended to correlate with a
better prognosis. However, RANK and RANKL expression could not be identified as statistically significant prognostic factors within the study cohort.

Tumor-specific RANK and RANKL expressions are not applicable as prognostic factors for DFS and OS, but might be associated with subtype-specific breast cancer progression.
Treatment Patterns of Cancer-associated Thrombosis in the Netherlands: The Four Cities Study
Authors: Kaptein Fleur H.J. , Guman Noori A.M. , Lohle Susan B. , Klok Frederikus A. , Mairuhu Albert T.A. , Kamphuisen Pieter W. , Es Nick Van , Huisman Menno V.
Published: November 2023

Background Current guidelines recommend either low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) as first-line treatment in cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Aim This study aimed to investigate treatment regimens for cancer-associated VTE over the past 5 years, explore predictors for initial treatment (LMWH vs. DOAC), and to assess the risks of recurrent VTE and bleeding.

Methods This was a Dutch, multicenter, retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients with cancer-associated VTE between 2017 and 2021. Treatment predictors were assessed with multivariable logistic regression models. Six-month cumulative incidences for recurrent VTE and major bleeding (MB) were estimated with death as competing risk.

Results In total, 1,215 patients were included. The majority (1,134/1,192; 95%) started VTE treatment with anticoagulation: 561 LMWH (47%), 510 DOACs (43%), 27 vitamin K antagonist (2.3%), and 36 other/unknown type (3.0%). The proportion of patients primarily treated with DOACs increased from 18% (95% confidence interval [CI] 12–25) in 2017 to 70% (95% CI 62–78) in 2021. Poor performance status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.72, 95% CI 0.53–0.99) and distant metastases (aOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.45–0.82) were associated with primary treatment with LMWH. Total 6-month cumulative incidences were 6.0% (95% CI 4.8–7.5) for recurrent VTE and 7.0% (95% CI 5.7–8.6) for MB. During follow-up, 182 patients (15%) switched from LMWH to a DOAC, and 54 patients (4.4%) vice versa, for various reasons, including patient preference, recurrent thrombosis, and/or bleeding.

Conclusion DOAC use in cancer-associated VTE has increased rapidly over the past years. Changes in anticoagulation regimen were frequent over time, and were often related to recurrent thrombotic and bleeding complications, illustrating the complexity and challenges of managing cancer-associated VTE.
Histological Chorioamnionitis and Funisitis as New Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Meta-analysis
Authors: El Emrani Salma , Jansen Esther J.S. , Goeman Jelle J. , Lopriore Enrico , Termote Jacqueline U.M. , Schalij-Delfos Nicoline E. , van der Meeren Lotte E.
Published: November 2023

Objective The role of placental inflammation in neonatal morbidities is underestimated due to lack of placental examination. This meta-analysis aims to assess the association between histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) with and without funisitis (FUN) and risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Study Design Forty-five studies reporting (unadjusted) data on HCA without FUN and HCA with FUN in neonates with ROP were included. Primary outcomes were any stage ROP and severe ROP. Potential confounders explored were gestational age (GA) at birth, birthweight, maternal steroid use, necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis (suspected/proven) and mechanical ventilation duration.

Results Neonates with HCA had increased risk for any stage ROP (odds ratio [OR] 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–2.4) and severe ROP (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8) compared with neonates without HCA. The rates of any stage ROP (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.4–2.2) and severe ROP (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.1–1.6) were higher in neonates with FUN compared with neonates without FUN. Multivariate meta-regression analysis suggests that lower GA increases the effect size between FUN and severe ROP.

Conclusion This meta-analysis confirms that presence of HCA and FUN are risk factors for any stage ROP and severe ROP. Structured histological placental examination of HCA and FUN may be a tool to further refine the ROP risk profile.

Key Points
Decision-Making in Clival Mass Lesions: Risk Factors for Malignant Disease and an Illustrative Case Example
Authors: Baier Matthew P. , Cheong Daniel A. , Shi Helen H. , Peterson Jo Elle G. , Fung Kar-Ming , Dunn Ian F. , McKinney Kibwei A. , Graffeo Christopher S.
Published: November 2023

Introduction Clival tumors are rare and heterogeneous. Although some benign prototypical sellar lesions may present as clival tumors, the likelihood of malignant disease is higher. Here we define a novel algorithm for the workup and management of clival masses through an illustrative case of colorectal adenocarcinoma metastasis to the clivus.

Methods In this case report, the best practice guidelines for managing clival masses are described through a literature review and refined by senior author consensus. We conducted a focused systematic review to characterize the present case in the context of clival metastasis from gastrointestinal malignancy.

Results An 83-year-old woman presented with 4 weeks of headaches and blurry vision. Examination revealed partial right abducens and left oculomotor palsies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) identified a large, weakly enhancing sellar and clival mass with sphenoid sinus extension. An aggressive subtotal endoscopic endonasal resection was performed with removal of all sphenoid, clival, and sellar disease without cavernous sinus wall resection. Pathology confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma; computed tomography (CT) imaging identified an ascending colon mass with metastases to the liver and mesenteric nodes. Palliative oncologic therapies were recommended, but she elected hospice, and died 3 months after initial presentation. Gastrointestinal clival metastases are exceedingly rare among sellar and clival pathologies, with eight prior cases reported, most of which presented with diplopia from abducens nerve involvement.

Conclusion Clival masses are uncommon skull base lesions that are associated with more aggressive diseases. We present a consolidated framework for decision-making in these challenging patients, alongside an unusual case example that illustrates the importance of increased suspicion for malignant clinical entities in this setting.
Base-Promoted [3+2] Annulation of Carbodiimides with Diazoacetonitrile for Synthesis of 5-Amino-4-cyano-1,2,3-triazoles
Authors: Cheung Chi Wai , Ma Jun-An , Zhou Lu-Nan , Zhang Fa-Guang
Published: November 2023

1,2,3-Triazoles are a privileged class of heterocycles in medicinal and agrochemical science. Here, we describe the base-promoted [3+2] annulation of carbodiimides with diazoacetonitrile. This reaction protocol permits access to a variety of novel 5-amino-4-cyano-1,2,3-triazoles in a regiospecific manner. Further derivatization is exemplified by a skeletal rearrangement and an N-functionalization of triazole products.
Arthroscopic Examination of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex in Galeazzi Injuries: Revisiting a Complex Injury
Authors: Choudhury Muntasir Mannan , Saggi Sandip Singh , Chung Sze Ryn , Yap Robert Tze Jin , Chia Dawn Sinn Yii , Jiang Jackson Kian Hong , Chin Andrew Yuan Hui
Published: November 2023

Galeazzi fracture-dislocations result from severe trauma and can lead to loss of function of the wrist and forearm if not treated appropriately. To avoid such disasters, meticulous surgical management of the injury is necessary. The current literature talks about symptomatic distal radioulnar joint injuries in Galeazzi fracture-dislocations and the various approaches to managing instability. However, unfortunately, there is a dearth of data on the true incidence of injury to the triangular fibrocartilage in the backdrop of the severity of the mechanism of Galeazzi fractures and the damage it may cause as direct inspection of the triangular fibrocartilage complex is not done routinely as a part of management of such cases. We conducted a retrospective review of six consecutive patients with Galeazzi fracture-dislocations. Wrist arthroscopy was performed in these cases, which revealed complex tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex involving large segments of the ligament and always involving the dorsal periphery. All tears followed the same pattern of disruption of the attachments of two sides of the triangular fibrocartilage complex. We believe our findings will pave the path to further prospective studies in understanding the degree of damage in the triangular fibrocartilage in such devastating injuries and the need for meticulous arthroscopic repair.
Real-World Data on Treatment Outcome of ALK-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer from an Indian Multicentric Cancer Registry
Authors: Moharana Lalatendu , Panda Soumya Surath , Devaraj Suma , Biswas Ghanashyam , Subudhi Ganesh Chandra , Parida Prasant Kumar , Mishra Sourav Kumar , Pattnaik Jogamaya , Mohanty Sambit , Karunanidhi Sukanya , Singuluri Sandhya Lakshmi , Saju S. V. , Rathnam Krishna Kumar , Sehrawat Amit , Mudgal Shikha , Cyriac Sunu Lazar , Philips Ashwin , Jose Anil Kumar , Ganesan Prasant
Published: November 2023

The Anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors (ALKi) represent the standard of care for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EML4-ALK rearrangements. Various ALKi agents are available; however, not all eligible patients receive treatment with them due to various reasons. Given the limited real-world data available in our country, we aimed to assess treatment outcomes through a multicenter collaboration. This retrospective, multi-institutional study was conducted under the Network of Oncology Clinical Trials India and included a total of 67 ALK-positive metastatic lung cancer patients from 10 institutes across India, with a median follow-up of 23 months. In the first line setting, the objective response rate (ORR) with ALKi was 63.6% (crizotinib: 60.7%, ceritinib: 70%, alectinib: 66.6%, p = 0.508), while with chemotherapy, it was 26.1%. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) for the first line ALKi group was significantly higher than that for chemotherapy (19 vs. 9 months, p = 0.00, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17–0.54). The mPFS for crizotinib, alectinib, and ceritinib was 17, 22, and 19 months, respectively (p = 0.48). Patients who received ALKi upfront or after 1 to 3 cycles of chemotherapy or after 4 or more cycles of chemotherapy had mPFS of 16, 22, and 23 months, respectively (p = 0.47). ALKi showed superior mPFS compared to chemotherapy in the second line (14 vs. 5 months; p = 0.002) and the third line (20 vs. 4 months; p = 0.009). The median overall survival (OS) was significantly better in patients who received ALKi in any line of therapy (44 vs. 14 months, p < 0.001, HR = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04–0.23). Brain progression was higher among those who did not receive ALKi (69.2 vs. 31.5%). In conclusion, the use of ALKi as first line treatment for ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC patients resulted in improved PFS. PFS and ORR did not significantly differ between patients who received ALKi upfront or after initiating chemotherapy. Notably, patients who received ALKi in second or later lines demonstrated significantly better outcomes compared to those receiving chemotherapy. The use of ALKi in any line of therapy was associated with significantly prolonged OS.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Parainfluenza Virus: Characterizing Distinct Clinical Profiles and How They Shift with Bacterial Coinfection
Authors: Nie Bo , Cheng Ying , Hu Hong-bo
Published: November 2023

Objective The objectives are to characterize the distinct clinical profiles of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus (PIV) infections and how these profiles shift with the addition of bacterial coinfections.

Methods This retrospective study analyzed data from more than 1,000 hospitalized children to compare RSV monoinfection with PIV monoinfection, as well as RSV/PIV coinfection with bacteria with monoinfection.

Results Significant differences in age distribution (p < 0.001), clinical presentation (p < 0.001), the proportion of pneumonia (p < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (p = 0.004), pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission (p = 0.001), and duration of hospitalization (p = 0.003) were observed between RSV and PIV monoinfections. Children with bacterial coinfections had a higher proportion of cough (p = 0.004), wheezing (p = 0.003), rales (p = 0.002), pneumonia (p = 0.002), and PICU admission (p = 0.021) than PIV monoinfection. Notably, the duration of hospitalization for children with bacterial coinfections was longer than that of those infected with a single PIV infection, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.028).

Conclusion Compared with PIV, RSV was more likely to cause severe respiratory tract infections. Coinfection of PIV with bacteria may have exacerbated the severity of acute respiratory tract infections and worsened the symptoms.
Thailand's Position on the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes: An Overview
Authors: Wungrath Jukkrit
Published: November 2023

The International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes aims to regulate marketing practices of breast milk substitutes to protect breastfeeding. The Code was introduced due to the negative impact of aggressive marketing and promotion of breast milk substitutes on breastfeeding rates, which provide essential nutrients and health benefits for both infants and mothers. Key provisions of the Code, such as banning advertising and promotion to the general public and ensuring accurate information from manufacturers, help reduce the influence of marketing on infant feeding choices. Many countries have adopted and implemented the Code's guidelines, resulting in increased awareness and reduced promotion of breast milk substitutes. However, challenges remain in effective implementation and enforcement, and breastfeeding rates still vary globally. Thailand supports the Code and has implemented its guidelines into national legislation. The country has established laws to restrict promotion and advertising of breast milk substitutes and initiatives to promote and support breastfeeding, such as the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. However, challenges in enforcing the guidelines and varying breastfeeding rates remain. Thailand is working towards improving implementation and enforcement of the guidelines and promoting breastfeeding practices in the country.
Association between Self-reported Sleep Quality and Single-task Gait in Young Adults: A Study Using Machine Learning
Authors: Martin Joel , Huang Haikun , Johnson Ronald , Yu Lap-Fai , Jansen Erica , Martin Rebecca , Yager Chelsea , Boolani Ali
Published: November 2023

Objective The objective of the present study was to find biomechanical correlates of single-task gait and self-reported sleep quality in a healthy, young population by replicating a recently published study.

Materials and Methods Young adults (n = 123) were recruited and were asked to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory to assess sleep quality. Gait variables (n = 53) were recorded using a wearable inertial measurement sensor system on an indoor track. The data were split into training and test sets and then different machine learning models were applied. A post-hoc analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to find statistically significant differences in gait variables between good and poor sleepers.

Results AdaBoost models reported the highest correlation coefficient (0.77), with Support-Vector classifiers reporting the highest accuracy (62%). The most important features associated with poor sleep quality related to pelvic tilt and gait initiation. This indicates that overall poor sleepers have decreased pelvic tilt angle changes, specifically when initiating gait coming out of turns (first step pelvic tilt angle) and demonstrate difficulty maintaining gait speed.

Discussion The results of the present study indicate that when using traditional gait variables, single-task gait has poor accuracy prediction for subjective sleep quality in young adults. Although the associations in the study are not as strong as those previously reported, they do provide insight into how gait varies in individuals who report poor sleep hygiene. Future studies should use larger samples to determine whether single task-gait may help predict objective measures of sleep quality especially in a repeated measures or longitudinal or intervention framework.
A Retrospective Pilot Study of Imagery Rehearsal Therapy Enhanced with Narrative Therapy Principles for the Treatment of Nightmares in US Military Veterans
Authors: Wagner Ann Marie , Richards Anne , Chiros Christine , Thuras Paul , Parsons Elizabeth C. , Oien Angela D. , Schenck Carlos H. , Irfan Muna
Published: November 2023

Introduction Chronic nightmares are a common and disabling feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for which broadly effective treatments are still lacking. While imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT) demonstrates benefits for patients with idiopathic nightmares and some patients with PTSD-related nightmares, research indicates it may be less beneficial for veterans. Narrative therapy (NT) is a form of psychotherapy which is client-centered and value-focused and has demonstrated benefits for PTSD patients. The application of NT principles to IRT may provide a valuable therapeutic approach for treatment in veterans.

Objective To perform a retrospective chart review of veteran clients participating in a novel, brief intervention developed by the first author consisting of IRT enhanced with NT principles (N-IRT) for the treatment of nightmares. The primary outcomes were nightmare frequency and intensity, and the secondary outcome was the impact of the intervention on nightmare distress and coping, subjective sleep quality, and overall PTSD symptoms.

Materials and Methods We conducted retrospective chart reviews for eight veterans referred to the first author for the treatment of nightmares, who completed N-IRT, including baseline and end-of-treatment measures. The protocol involved a single 60-minute NT-enhanced rescripting session and assigned homework to rehearse the revised dream script, and a follow-up evaluation 4 weeks later. The subjects completed a sleep and nightmare interview developed by the first author and the PTSD Checklist at baseline and after the intervention at the follow-up evaluation. Paired t-tests were conducted to test for pre-to-post differences.

Results In the statistical analysis, we observed a statistically significant and clinically meaningful reduction in the frequency (p = 0.04) and intensity of nightmares (p = 0.001) from pretreatment to the 1-month follow-up. Measures of nightmare-associated emotional distress, the ability to cope with nightmares, sleep duration and sleep efficiency, as well as overall PTSD symptoms also demonstrated significant improvements.

Conclusion These pilot data provide compelling preliminary evidence that a single-session IRT intervention modified with NT (N-IRT) is effective in reducing nightmare frequency and intensity, reducing nightmare distress, improving the act of coping with nightmares, and improving sleep quality and overall PTSD symptoms in veterans. Further investigation of this method with gold-standard clinical trial designs and larger sample sizes is indicated to confirm effectiveness and to better understand the possible mechanisms of treatment effect.
Ulnar Head Fracture with Volar Dislocation of the Distal Radioulnar Joint: A Case Series and Systematic Review
Authors: Samy David Ananth , Julian Harriet S. , Pe Eindere Zaw , Brown Daniel
Published: November 2023

Dislocations of the distal radioulnar joint associated with a fracture of the distal ulna articular surface without an associated radial fracture are extremely rare.

We present a case of a fracture of the distal ulna with an associated dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint, where the articular head fragment was displaced anterior to the sigmoid notch.

We also present the results of a formal systematic review of these injuries which confirmed this is the first such injury described, although there is a very similar fracture pattern described in the literature with dorsal dislocation.

We describe the mechanism of injury and hypothesize about the etiology of the fracture pattern and suggest that it represents the end of a spectrum that also includes the isolated dislocations and those associated with an ulna styloid fracture.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Presenting as Extension of Tumor Thrombus into the Right Atrium from the Portal Vein through Inferior Vena Cava Treated with Chemoembolization: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Khurana Kashish , Toshniwal Saket , Pantbalekundri Nikhil , Kumar Sunil , Acharya Sourya
Published: November 2023

Patients with tumor thrombosis in the portal vein due to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are uncommon, and the majority of these cases is thought to be in an advanced stage with a bad prognosis. The right atrium and the inferior vena cava may be impacted by the intravascular tumor thrombus, with the latter having a bad prognosis. Portal vein involvement is one of the most serious consequences of HCC. For both systemic and locoregional therapy, targeting many pathways in the HCC cascade using a mix of medications and additional modalities like transarterial chemoembolization, transarterial radioembolization, radiation, and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy appears to be helpful.

Portal vein tumor thrombosis, which affects 35 to 50% of patients, is a strong predictor of poor prognosis due to the higher likelihood of tumor migration into the bloodstream and the subsequent increased risk of recurrence. This case report highlights about a 60-year-old female who presented with HCC with portal vein tumor thrombosis not willing for chemo- and radiotherapy successfully treated with transarterial chemoembolization as a palliative management.
Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of a Monoblock Fluted Titanium Tapered Stem Following Complex and Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Oakley Christian T. , Passano Brandon , Lutes William B. , Incavo Stephen , Park Kwan J. , Schwarzkopf Ran
Published: November 2023

Achieving femoral stem stability in complex primary and revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) cases is a challenging goal that monoblock fluted titanium tapered stems (FTTS) were designed to address. However, as more modern FTTS are developed, there are still questions regarding outcomes for these stems. The purpose of this study is to determine the radiographic and clinical outcomes of a modern monoblock FTTS. A multicenter retrospective observational study examined the hip databases of three institutions to obtain all monoblock FTTS with up to 5 years of radiographic follow-up. Stem subsidence and osteointegration were assessed on the most recent radiograph. All-cause re-revisions and survival of the stem at latest follow-up were recorded. Descriptive statistics were calculated for demographics and outcomes. Ninety-six monoblock FTTS were examined. Median clinical follow-up was 28.5 months (range: 18.0–57.8 months). Median subsidence was 1.4 mm (range: 0–15.0 mm). Sixteen (16.7%) and 3 (3.1%) stems had subsidence greater than 5 and 10 mm, respectively. Overall, thirteen hips (13.5%) required reoperations, of which 5 stems were revised (5.2%). Four stems were revised for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), and one stem was explanted for exposure during acetabular revision. Kaplan–Meier analysis yielded an all-cause stem survivorship of 95.8% at 2 years and 88.5% at 4 years. Stem survivorship excluding septic causes for revision was 99.0% at both 2 and 4 years. Monoblock FTTS in complex primary and rTHA demonstrate encouraging clinical and radiographic results at up to 5 years of follow-up.
Comparison of Inpatient Charges between Primary and Revision Total Hip Arthroplasties: A Study of Trends within the New York's Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System
Authors: Passano Brandon , Simcox Trevor , Anil Utkarsh , Lin Charles , Barzideh Omid , Schwarzkopf Ran
Published: November 2023

The U.S. health care system continues to absorb greater costs for total hip arthroplasty (THA). The purpose of this study is to quantify inpatient charges for primary THA (pTHA) and revision THA (rTHA) and to review trends over the past decade. A New York statewide database was utilized to identify all inpatient elective pTHA and rTHA from 2010 to 2020. Nonelective indications were excluded. The primary outcome measure was total inpatient charges per encounter. Secondary outcomes included: accommodation charges, ancillary charges, and hospital THA volume. Subgroup analyses were performed based on rTHA indication and hospital volume. Total 256,879 pTHAs and 29,852 rTHAs were identified; 6,616 rTHAs were performed for instability, 5,976 for aseptic loosening, 5,155 for mechanical complications, 4,343 for infection, 3,014 for periprosthetic fracture, 1,427 for polyethylene wear, and 3,321 for other indications. Compared with pTHA, there were higher total, accommodation, and ancillary charges in the rTHA cohort (p < 0.001). High-volume centers achieved lower total charges for rTHA, lower accommodation charges for both cohorts, but higher ancillary charges for pTHA (p < 0.001). Between 2010 and 2020, total charges increased 46.6 and 76.2% for pTHA and rTHA, respectively. Inpatient costs of rTHA were significantly higher than that of pTHA. For rTHA, charges were highest for periprosthetic fracture and infection. Total inpatient charges of THA have greatly outpaced inflation over the past decade.