bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Luminescence Properties of Yb3+/Ho3+ doped GdPO4 Nanocomposites Prepared by Hydrothermal Method using PEG(6000)
Authors: Koneru Girija Venkateswara , Bandi Sirisha , Putta Venkata Nagendra Kumar
Published: July 2023

By using hydrothermal synthesis, a novel Yb3+/Ho3+ co-doped GdPO4 nanophosphors were prepared which shows both upconversion (UC) and downconversion (DC) with excellent luminescence properties. DC peaks were observed at ~460, ~550, ~650 and ~750 nm. By excitation at 300 nm, a very faint P-O charge transfer (CT) band of Ho3+ ions, as well as a tiny non-radiative resonance energy transfer was observed. It is discovered that GdPO4: Yb3+/Ho3+, an upconversion (UC) nanophosphor, enables the production and enhancement of luminescence on a vast scale. On strong 980 nm laser illumination, the upconversion emission spectra show a conspicuous expectant peak of the Ho3+ ion at ~550 and ~650 nm. This process yields high-quality nanocrystalline materials with sizes between a few to tens of nm range. Considering the results of the study at 300 nm excitation, GdPO4: Yb3+/Ho3+ produced a high quantum yield value. The findings are useful for creating efficient phosphors and it proves applications of nanophosphor materials covered by this method are numerous.
Synthesis of (E)-2-Benzylidene-N-(3-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-4Hbenzo[ b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)propyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioamides
Authors: Lakshmi Palla Sai , Shankaraiah Puligilla
Published: July 2023

A series of novel substituted-(E)-2-benzylidene-N-(3-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-4H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-4-yl)propyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioamides (9a-j) was synthesized in satisfactory to excellent yield by reacting (Z)-N′-benzylidene hydrazine carbothioamides (8a-j) with 4-(3-bromo-propyl)-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-3(4H)-one (5) in K2CO3 and dry N,N-dimethyl formamide. The novel carbothioamides (9a-j) structures were confirmed using 1H NMR, IR and mass spectroscopic methods.
Tetravalent Cerium Cation Imprinted Crosslinked Acrylamide/Alginic Acid Copolymer Network: A Sorption and Ce(IV) Ion-Selectivity Study from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Rohith P. , Kumar Saraswathi S. , Girija P.
Published: July 2023

A novel tetravalent cerium cation-imprinted crosslinked polymer network (Ce(IV)-CICPN) based on polyacrylamide was synthesized by metal-ion-imprinting strategy in an aqueous medium with N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide (NNMBA) as crosslinker. The synthesized CPN is characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, PXRD analysis, SEM studies, EDX and thermogravimetric analysis. The adsorption performance was studied using adsorption isotherms and kinetics. The Ce(IV)-CICPN was optimized for maximum Ce(IV) ion sorption using the batch equilibration method, and its performance has been compared with that of a non-imprinted crosslinked polymer network (non-imprinted CPN). It was found that it possesses a maximum adsorption capacity of 70.3 mg/g. The surface area of both Ce(IV)-CICPN and non-imprinted CPNs were determined by BET surface area analysis and found to be 2.103 m2 g–1 and 0.62 m2 g–1, respectively. Polymer efficiency as a selective sorbent for Ce(IV) ion was estimated through examining its selectivity relative to Zn(II), Mg(II), Cr(IV) and V(V).
Cellulose Adsorbent from Biocompatible Bamboo Chopsticks and ZnO for Removal of Chromium in Wastewater
Authors: Pattarith Kongsak , Tangtubtim Supattra , Thupsuri Suphawarat
Published: July 2023

The daily waste material of cellulose obtained from bamboo chopsticks was combined with ZnO to prepare an optimized adsorbent (Cel-ZnO) for the removal of Cr(VI) present in wastewater. This work investigated the adsorption of Cr(VI) by Cel-ZnO in comparison to cellulose (Cel). The influence of functional groups and the amount of sorbent on adsorption was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, the effects of pH, concentration, time and temperature on absorption were studied along with isotherm and kinetic studies. The optimum conditions for Cr(VI) adsorption were identified as 0.0050 g of Cel-ZnO adsorbent, 250 ppm initial concentration of Cr(VI) at a pH of 3 and adsorption time of 360 min at 30 ºC. The adsorption capacity of Cel was 91.18 mg/g and Cel-ZnO had an adsorption capacity of 197.26 mg/g. It can be concluded that both Cel and Cel-ZnO have good adsorption efficiencies for Cr(VI), with the latter having an additional advantage of reusability.
Effects of SbCl5, Ethylamine, Imidazole and 2-Methylimidazole on Redox and Structural Behaviours of Manganese(III) meso-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)porphyrin
Authors: Thandiayyakone V. , Murugan A. , Muzaddadi Ijaz Ullah , Tayum Nabam , Yadav Nagendra Nath , Saikia Pranjit , Rajkumar T. , Manohar A. , Chakrabarty Mithun
Published: July 2023

A porphyrin compound manganese(III) meso-5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridyl)porphyrin, Mn(Py)4P containing manganese(III) and 4-pyridyl ligands was synthesized. The UV-visible spectrophotometry and cyclic voltammetry were used to investigate the axial ligand and the redox behaviours of Mn(Py)4P. This study investigates the reduction properties of Mn(Py)4P using primary amine, imidazole and 2-methylimidazole as axial ligands. Reduction of Mn(Py)4P leads to a shift in absorption bands, indicating the conversion from manganese(III) to manganese(II) porphyrin. The addition of primary amine results in a square pyramidal structure for Mn(II) porphyrin, while imidazole or 2-methylimidazole leads to the formation of tetragonal complexes. These changes in geometry result in a decrease in π-bonding. The observed spectral patterns support the involvement of axial ligands in the 5th and 6th positions of manganese(III) porphyrin. The cyclic voltammogram confirmed the alteration in geometry, indicating changes in the redox properties of compound. As a whole, the results of this study provide light on the ways where the behaviour of in which Mn(Py)4P can be altered by the presence of other molecules.
The association between premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and preterm gestational age with neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Andini Nanda , Rohmawati Lili , Fikri Erjan , Mardina Bugis
Published: July 2023

Background Sepsis is one of the main causes of neonatal mortality. The morbidity and mortality rates due to neonatal sepsis are as high as 9-20%. Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and preterm gestational age are among the risk factors of neonatal sepsis.

Objective To evaluate for potential associations between PROM as well as preterm gestational age to neonatal sepsis by meta-analysis and systematic review.

Methods A meta-analysis and systematic review were performed using literature sourced from PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar according to PRISMA guidelines. We calculated the incidence of sepsis in neonates with and without PROM and premature gestational age. Journal quality was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) criteria.

Results From the literature search for PROM, 21 case-control studies met the inclusion criteria. Neonatal sepsis was more common in neonates who had a maternal history of PROM than in those without [OR 2.69 (95%CI 1.56 to 4.65); P<0.00001]. From the literature search for gestational age, we found 17 case-control studies that met the inclusion criteria. Neonatal sepsis was more common in preterm than term neonates [OR 2.55 (95%CI 1.61 to 4.04); P<0.00001].

Conclusion Neonates with a maternal history of PROM and/or preterm gestational age are at high risk of developing neonatal sepsis.
Short-term outcomes following congenital heart surgery in children with Down syndrome
Authors: Rahayuningsih Tri Yanti , Putra Sukman Tulus , Yanuarso Piprim Basarah , Effendy Zulham
Published: July 2023

Background Children with Down syndrome (DS) differ from typical children because of many genetic-related aspects that may affect outcomes after congenital heart surgery. To date, there have been no studies on outcomes after congenital heart surgery on pediatric DS patients in Indonesia.

Objective To determine outcomes and mortality in DS patients who underwent heart surgery at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta.

Methods A prospective and retrospective cohort study was conducted in DS patients aged <15 years who underwent heart surgery from July 2007 to April 2015. The control group were patients in the same age range without DS who underwent heart surgery for various types of heart defects.

Results  There were 57 DS and 43 non-DS patients during study period. The types of heart defects found in DS patients were atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) in 18/57 (31.6%) patients each, tetralogy of Fallot (12/57; 21%), atrial septal defect (ASD) (4/57; 7%), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (4/57; 7%) and transposition of the great arteries with VSD (TGA-VSD) (1/57; 1.8%). DS patients showed an increased incidence of preoperative PH (63.1%)  compared to non-DS patients (25.6%). Median duration of surgery was longer in DS [2.9 (range 0.5-5.8) hours] than in non-DS [2.2 (range 0.7-4.7) hours]. DS patients have a longer mean cardiopulmonary bypass duration [79.5 (SD 33.9) minutes] compared to non-DS [59.9 (SD 23.6) minutes], longer mean aortic cross-clamp duration [45.3 (SD 23.7) minutes] compared to non-DS [34.8 (SD 15.7)]. There were significant differences in the incidence of preoperative pulmonary hypertension, surgical time, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and length of the aortic cross-clamp in DS patients compared to non-DS (P<0.05). Median length of ICU stay was 1.9 (range 0.6 to 34) days in DS and 1 (range 0.3 to 43) day in non-DS patients (P=0.373). Median duration of mechanical ventilation [19.9 (range 3-540) vs. 8 (range 3-600) hours (P=0.308)], rate of pulmonary complications [14/57 (24.6%) vs. 6/43 (14%) patients (P=0.216)], and incidence of sepsis [16/57 (28.1%) vs. 6/43 (14%) patients (P=0.143)] were not significantly different between DS and non-DS patients. However, complete atrioventricular (AV) block only occurred in DS patients [6/57 (10.5%)]. In the DS group, 5/57 (8.8%) patients died. There was no mortality in the non-DS group.

Conclusion  Morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery in were higher in DS than in non-DS patients. DS patients may have problems related to preoperative PH, AV block, longer surgical time, duration of CPB, and aortic cross-clamp compared to non-DS.
Anastomotic Configuration and Temporary Diverting Ileostomy Do Not Increase Risk of Anastomotic Stricture in Postoperative Crohn's Disease
Authors: Bachour Salam P. , Khan Muhammad Z. , Shah Ravi S. , Joseph Abel , Syed Hareem , Ali Adel Hajj , Rieder Florian , Holubar Stefan D. , Barnes Edward L. , Axelrad Jordan , Regueiro Miguel , Cohen Benjamin L. , Click Benjamin H.
Published: July 2023

INTRODUCTION:

Surgical management of Crohn's disease (CD) is common. Postoperative complications include anastomotic stricturing (AS). The natural history and risk factors for AS have not been elucidated.

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort study of patients with CD who underwent ileocolonic resection (ICR) with ≥1 postoperative ileocolonoscopy between 2009 and 2020. Postoperative ileocolonoscopies with corresponding cross-sectional imaging were evaluated for evidence of AS without neoterminal ileal extension. Severity of AS and endoscopic intervention at time of detection were collected. Primary outcome was development of AS. Secondary outcome was time to AS detection.

RESULTS:

A total of 602 adult patients with CD underwent ICR with postoperative ileocolonoscopy. Of these, 426 had primary anastomosis, and 136 had temporary diversion at time of ICR. Anastomotic configuration consisted of 308 side-to-side, 148 end-to-side, and 136 end-to-end. One hundred ten (18.3%) patients developed AS with median time of 3.2 years to AS detection. AS severity at time of detection was associated with need for repeat surgical resection for AS. On multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression, anastomotic configuration and temporary diversion were not associated with risk of or time to AS. Preoperative stricturing disease was associated with decreased time to AS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.8; P = 0.049). Endoscopic ileal recurrence before AS was not associated with subsequent AS detection.

DISCUSSION:

AS is a relatively common postoperative CD complication. Patients with previous stricturing disease behavior are at increased risk of AS. Anastomotic configuration, temporary diversion, and ileal CD recurrence do not increase risk of AS. Early detection and intervention for AS may help prevent progression to repeat ICR.
Dysregulation of Copper Metabolism in a Patient With Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Worked up for Fulminant Wilson Disease
Authors: Diamond Ethan , Newman Jacob , Schalet Reid , Lap Coen J. , Abutaleb Ameer O.
Published: July 2023

Wilson disease (WD) is estimated present in 6%–12% of patients younger than 40 years hospitalized with acute liver failure (ALF). Fulminant WD carries a poor prognosis without treatment. A 36-year-old man with HIV, chronic hepatitis B virus, and alcohol use had ceruloplasmin 6.4 mg/dL and 24-hour urine copper 180 μg/L. WD workup was otherwise negative, including ophthalmic examination, hepatic copper quantification, ATP7B sequencing, and brain MRI. ALF commonly features copper dysregulation. Few studies on WD biomarkers have included fulminant WD. Our patient with WD biomarkers and other causes of liver failure highlights the need to study copper dysregulation in ALF.
Numéro 180 - juillet 2023
Authors: Bertrand Aurélie , Bodart Vincent , De Bundel Florian , Guillet Alain , Lachapelle Nathan , Pourtois Mathilde , Sauvenier Mathieu , Van Keirsbilck Leïla
Published: July 2023

Selon les données récentes des comptes nationaux, le rythme de croissance de l’économie belge s’est sensiblement raffermi en début d’année, le PIB national ayant augmenté de 0,5% entre décembre 2022 et mars 2023. Il ressort par ailleurs de l’évolution récente de plusieurs indicateurs conjoncturels que l’économie belge a progressé au même rythme soutenu au cours du 2ème trimestre.

Malgré le repli important des prix de l’énergie, la croissance de l’économie belge ne devrait pas rester aussi soutenue sur l’ensemble de la période de projection. On s’attend en effet à ce que la dynamique de croissance soit prochainement bridée par les hausses répétées des taux d’intérêt, par le lent recul de l’inflation sous-jacente et un ralentissement de la croissance du pouvoir d’achat, ainsi que par le manque d’optimisme des ménages et des entreprises. Par ailleurs, la croissance de l’économie mondiale reste faible et, du fait du prolongement de la guerre en Ukraine, l’incertitude continue à être élevée.

En 2023, la croissance annuelle moyenne de l’économie belge devrait être de 1,4%. Elle serait à peine différente en 2024, à 1,3%. Un peu plus de 100.000 emplois seraient créés sur les deux années de la période de projection. En raison d’une forte hausse de la population active, le chômage augmenterait en 2023, avant de repartir à la baisse en 2024. S’agissant de l’inflation, la croissance sur un an de l’indice général des prix à la consommation devrait faiblir jusqu’à 0,9% fin 2023 avant de remonter à 4,3% fin 2024.

Résumé des prévisions

• L’économie belge devrait croître de 1,4% en 2023 et de 1,3% en 2024.• L’emploi augmenterait d’environ 45.000 unités en 2023 et de 56.000 unités en 2024.• Le nombre de demandeurs d’emploi augmenterait de 14.000 unités en 2023, mais il diminuerait de 15.000 unités en 2024.• L’inflation générale des prix à la consommation s’élèverait en moyenne à 3,8% en 2023 et en 2024.• Le déficit budgétaire des administrations publiques atteindrait 5,0% en 2023 et 4,6% en 2024.
Geopolitische und raumstrukturelle Veränderungen in Europa durch die Metropole Berlin
Authors: Weyl Heinz
Published: July 2023

Bedingt durch seine zentrale Lage in Europa und im damaligen Deutschen Reich – dessen politisches Zentrum es war – hatte sich Berlin etwa seit der Jahrhundertwende zur deutschen Metropole entwickelt, die in jeder Hinsicht mit London und Paris konkurrieren konnte und deren Einflußbereich auch Nordeuropa und weite Gebiete Osteuropas einschloß. Die Stadt war zudem das Zentrum des mitteleuropäischen Eisenbahnnetzes und verfügte dadurch über die beste Erreichbarkeit aller europäischen Großstädte.Mit dem kriegsbedingten Fortfall dieser extremen geopolitischen Standortgunst, der Aufteilung der Stadt und der Isolierung West-Berlins verlor die Stadt nicht nur ihren Status als Hauptstadt, sondern auch jede Möglichkeit von metropolitanen Ansprüchen; sie wurde insoweit funktionslos. So stellt sich die Frage, ob und inwieweit Berlin in einem wiedervereinigten Deutschland und inmitten eines sich zusammenschließenden Europas seine vormaligen metropolitanen Funktionen zurückgewinnen kann und welche raumstrukturellen Folgen auf andere Schwerpunkträume davon gegebenenfalls zu erwarten sein werden.Dazu wird die These vertreten, daß nicht allein die Wiedervereinigung Deutschlands, sondern ebenso die sich anbahnende Integration Europas – in dessen geographischer und kultureller Mitte Berlin liegt – starke Anschubkräfte und entsprechende Entwicklungspotentiale für das (Wieder‑)Erstehen der Metropole Berlin freisetzen werden, wobei allerdings viel davon abhängen wird, ob und wann die Bundesorgane ihren Sitz in Berlin nehmen werden.
Raumordnerisches Strukturkonzept für das Land Brandenburg
Authors: Stürmer Wilhelmine
Published: July 2023

Dem raumordnerischen Strukturkonzept liegen zwei Szenarien zur Wirtschafts- und Bevölkerungsentwicklung bis 2010 sowie kleinräumige Stärken‑/Schwächenanalysen und Potentialschätzungen für eine Vielzahl von Sachgebieten und Standortfaktoren zugrunde. Die Notwendigkeit eines konsequenten raumordnerischen Eingreifens- und Gegensteuerns wird vor diesem Hintergrund überdeutlich, zumal sich die räumlichen Ungleichgewichte kurz- bis mittelfristig zum Teil dramatisch verschärfen werden. Es gilt deshalb, mit der politischen Vorgabe eines raumordnerischen Leitbildes, das Berlin inmitten des Landes Brandenburg in seinen Funktionen für den Gesamtraum einbezieht, die spezifischen wirtschaftlichen, ökologischen, sozialen und kulturellen Voraussetzungen der sehr unterschiedlich geprägten Teilräume des Landes Brandenburg aktiv für die Landesentwicklung zu nutzen. Dies leistet das Leitbild „Dezentrale Konzentration und ökologische Entwicklung“. Das Leitbild setzt auf Prioritäten bei der Zentren- und Siedlungsentwicklung auf dem sog. Brandenburger Ring. Und es verzahnt das Freiraumkonzept zur Naturraumentwicklung mit dem Konzept zentraler Orte und Verbindungsachsen. Anhand der drei Bausteine: „Freiraum-Konzept – Natur als Entwicklungspotential“, „Polyzentrale Landesentwicklung mit regionalen Entwicklungsschwerpunkten“ und „Verbindungsachsen und umweltverträgliches Verkehrskonzept“ wird das gemeinsame Handlungskonzept von Berlin und Brandenburg näher erläutert. Besondere Strategien für wichtige Teilräume des Landes sollen ein koordiniertes Handeln aller Ressorts unterstützen.
Zur Relevanz kleiner und mittlerer Betriebe für die Regionalentwicklung in ländlichen Räumen
Authors: Maier Jörg , Weber Wolfgang
Published: July 2023

In der regionalökonomischen Literatur ist bis heute keine Übereinstimmung dahingehend festzustellen, welche Betriebsgrößen und Sektoren den Hauptbeitrag zur Struktur und Entwicklung ländlich-peripherer Räume leisten. Diese Divergenz wird konfrontiert von Rahmenbedingungen wie die Verknappung öffentlicher Fördermittel oder das kaum mehr vorhandene Potential an Betriebsverlagerungen in strukturschwache Regionen. Damit stellt sich für die Regionalforschung die Frage nach den Trägern der Entwicklung ländlicher Räume bzw. den Faktoren ihrer Stabilisierung, und für die betriebsorientierte Förderpolitik auf den unterschiedlichen institutionellen Ebenen nach den Zielgruppen in Abhängigkeit ihrer entsprechenden Relevanz zum Zweck einer möglichst effizienten Mittelverwendung.Dieser Hintergrund wurde zum Anlaß genommen, die in verschiedene Dimensionen zu trennende Bedeutung kleiner und mittlerer Betriebe unterschiedlicher Wirtschaftssektoren (Industrie, Handwerk und Dienstleistungen) für einen ländlich-peripheren Raum, den Landkreis Uelzen im östlichen Niedersachsen, näher zu analysieren sowie regionalpolitische Konsequenzen herauszuarbeiten.
Ursachen der Wanderungen im Hinblick auf die Eigendynamik und die Wechselwirkungen der internationalen und interregionalen demo-ökonomischen Prozesse
Authors: Birg Herwig
Published: July 2023

In dem Beitrag werden die wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse der interdisziplinären Wanderungsforschung zu folgenden drei Themen zusammengefaßt:In den Industrieländern führen die Wechselwirkungen zwischen ökonomischen und demographischen Prozessen zu einem immanenten strukturellen Geburtendefizit und zur Bevölkerungsschrumpfung. Die Folge ist ein dauerhafter Bedarf an Einwanderungen. In Deutschland steigt der zur Kompensation des Geburtendefizits erforderliche Einwanderungssaldo auf jährlich 400 000–500 000 Personen.In den Entwicklungsländern führen die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den ökonomischen und demographischen Prozessen zu einem raschen, durch Geburtenüberschüsse verursachten Bevölkerungswachstum und zu einem steigenden Wanderungsdruck in die Industrieländer.Industrie- und Entwicklungsländer sind nicht nur durch Wanderungen infolge von komplementären demographischen Defiziten bzw. Überschüssen, sondern auch durch eine zunehmende internationale ökonomische Verflechtung miteinander verbunden.Es wird dargestellt, wie sich das demographisch bedingte Problempotential von den Entwicklungsländern auf die Industrieländer überträgt. Der Beitrag schlägt eine an den Ursachen der Wanderungen orientierte Klassifikation der internationalen Wanderungen in vier Kategorien vor.
Zuwanderer in der Bundesrepublik – Integration oder Assimilation?
Authors: Spiegel Erika
Published: July 2023

Im Hinblick auf die Eingliederung von Zuwanderern wird in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland meist nur von Integration gesprochen. Es ist jedoch zweckmäßig, zwischen Integration und Assimilation zu unterscheiden. Dabei bezeichnet Integration die sozio-ökonomische, Assimilation die kulturelle Dimension der Eingliederung. Wichtigstes Kriterium der Integration ist das Ausmaß, in dem Zuwanderer in allen sozio-ökonomisch relevanten Statusgruppen des Aufnahmelandes vertreten sind; wichtigstes Kriterium der Assimilation ist das Ausmaß, in dem sie die Landessprache, die Sitten und Gebräuche, die Normen und Wertvorstellungen des Aufnahmelandes übernommen haben. Integration und Assimilation stehen in einem engen Wechselverhältnis. Im allgemeinen geht jedoch die Integration der Assimilation einige Schritte voraus.Ausmaß und Dauer der Eingliederung sind – neben der kulturellen Distanz und dem Entwicklungsgefälle zwischen Aufnahme- und Herkunftsland – von einer großen Zahl von Faktoren abhängig, die zum Teil in der Person und Situation des Zuwanderers, zum Teil in den gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen im Aufnahmeland begründet sind. In der Person und Situation des Zuwanderers begründet sind: Alter, Generationszugehörigkeit und Sozialzusammenhang bei der Einreise, Bildungsstand und berufliche Qualifikation, die Motive und Erwartungen, die mit der Zuwanderung verbunden sind; Aufenthaltsdauer, Erwerbssituation und rechtlicher Status im Aufnahmeland, die Beherrschung der Landessprache. Von den gesellschaftlichen Verhältnissen im Aufnahmeland sind von besonderer Bedeutung: die kulturelle Homogenität oder Heterogenität der Bevölkerung, die Erfahrungen, die diese mit früherer oder eigener Zuwanderung gemacht hat, die Arbeitsmarktsituation. Räumliche Faktoren, insbesondere das Ausmaß der räumlichen Konzentration im Aufnahmeland, spielen demgegenüber eine untergeordnete Rolle. Zudem ist ihre Wirkung ambivalent. In der Anfangsphase kann eine räumliche Konzentration zur psychischen und sozialen Stabilisierung des Zuwanderers beitragen; auf längere Sicht erleichtert sie zwar die Bewahrung der Herkunftskultur, kann aber gleichzeitig als „Mobilitätsfalle“ wirken und die Eingliederung erschweren.Im Hinblick auf die kulturelle Dimension sind Eingliederungsprozesse vor allem nach drei Modellen verlaufen: dem der vollständigen Assimilation an die Kultur des Aufnahmelandes, dem der Verschmelzung zu einer neuen gemeinsamen Kultur und dem des kulturellen Pluralismus, d. h. der gleichberechtigten Koexistenz unterschiedlicher Kulturen in einem gemeinsamen Staat. Bei abnehmender Bedeutung nationalstaatlicher und zunehmender Bedeutung übernationaler Staatsverbände dürfte das Modell des kulturellen Pluralismus an Interesse gewinnen. Auch dann jedoch bleiben die Staaten aufgerufen, durch gezielte Eingliederungshilfen die sozio-ökonomische Integration von Zuwanderern zu erleichtern.
Политический вербатим в современной русской драматургии
Authors: Kurant Elena
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper it to discuss the techniques employed in modern political Russian verbatim drama, as well as in their performances. Modern verbatim drama seeks to stay relevant and up-to-date by referring to taboos, radical social controversies, and political incidents. So, it becomes an important event of not only cultural but also social life, and it exerts a strong impact onmodern Russian society. The aesthetics of the modern verbatim drama is aimed at representing the reality which is absent from official discourse. Such texts as One hour eighteen minutes by Elena Gremina, Three quarters of sadness (Bolotnaya square case) by Polina Borodina, The last party by Anna Dobrovolskaya, and New Antigone by Elena Kostyuchenko openly explore the issues whichdo not function as part of the public discourse. Thus, they capture the traumatic experiences in order to overcome traumas. These texts take the traumatic events of current political and public life out of the marginal area, and they acquire the status of social statements which give hope for political and social changes, and give rise to unofficial discourse allowing the readers as well as the viewers to define their own opinion related to the traumatizing events.
Effects of maternal calcium and protein intake on the development and bone metabolism of offspring mice
Authors: Zhou Wenting , Duan Tao
Published: July 2023

Maternal nutrition is pivotal for offspring’s growth and development. Insufficient or unbalanced nutrition may cause osteoporosis and other diseases. Protein and calcium are essential dietary nutrients for offspring’s growth. However, the optimal contents of protein and calcium in maternal diet remain unclear. In the present study, we set four different protein and calcium content-pregnancy nutrition groups, including normal full-nutrient (Normal), low protein and low calcium (Pro−; Ca−), high protein and low calcium (Pro+; Ca−), and high protein and high calcium groups (Pro+; Ca+), to evaluate the weight gain of maternal mice as well as the weight, bone metabolism, and bone mineral density of offspring mice. When the vaginal plug is found, the female mouse will be kept in a single cage and fed with corresponding feed until delivery. The findings demonstrate that Pro−; Ca− diet affects the growth and development of offspring mice after birth. In addition, a low-calcium diet inhibits the growth of embryonic mice. Collectively, the present work further confirms the importance of protein and calcium in the maternal diet and deeply suggests their respective roles in different development stages.
Branch fault discovered in Tangshan fault zone on the Kaiping-Guye boundary, North China
Authors: Tang Jie , Zhang Suxin , Wang Jiang , Ding Zhihua , Bian Qingkai , Cao Jun
Published: July 2023

One outcrop of the NE–SW-trending fault with a steep occurrence and grown gouge was discovered in the north segment of the Tangshan fault zone during a field survey near Jujialing village on the Kaiping-Guye boundary of Hebei province, North China. This zone has received less attention in seismic geologic surveys. In addition, three neighboring and parallel NE trending scarps with heights in the range of 1–1.5 m were discovered on the generally flat terrain close to the fault outcrop. The geochemical and multi-electrode resistivity surveys revealed sudden huge fluctuations in the Hg concentration within short distances from the fault outcrop and the three surface scarps. The multi-electrode resistivity survey also revealed a resistivity structure with extreme horizontal discontinuity, indicating the presence of a subsurface fault zone with a width of 40–50 m and a SE dip. This finding confirmed that the three surface NE trending scarps were late Quaternary fault scarps. Following an examination of the focal mechanism solutions and survey findings, it is suggested that the newly detected fault trending toward the northeast could be an unexplored branch fault in the flower structure of the northern section of the Tangshan fault zone. It is marked by recent activity that is mainly controlled by the right-lateral strike-slip. The discovery of this active fault is critical for an accurate assessment of the seismic hazard of north segment of the Tangshan fault zone.
Good brain, good concentration, good future: a critical multimodal analysis of Thai brain-enhancing lifestyle products advertisements
Authors: Jocuns Andrew , Jocuns Kamolwan Fairee
Published: July 2023

Advertisements of Thai brain-enhancing lifestyle products are analyzed in terms of their multimodal entextualization practices illustrating how they use two prominent Thai cultural tropes – discourses of Thai motherhood and of learning in Thailand. Four products were chosen: Brand’s Junior, Brand’s GenU, Peptein, and Altertide, and a lexical and multimodal analysis of their advertisements was conducted. The initial focus was on entextualization and lexical practices: naming, overlexicalization, suppression, repetition, and personalization, noting how the advertisements created relationships between text (“good brain”) and image (the thinking gesture and brain images) that index Thai cultural tropes. This analysis revealed how the products created relationships between consumption of the product and implied benefits through multimodal entextualization practices while invoking the voice of science through faux scientific diagrams, overlexicalization and repetition of images. To triangulate and augment our multimodal analysis, interviews were conducted with the assumed target audience: students, young professionals, and mothers. The interviews augmented the textual findings regarding the presence of Thai cultural tropes around discourses of Thai motherhood and learning. In manipulating relationships between text and image, these products not only take advantage of Thai cultural tropes but also evade consumer protection controls through a stronger use of image than text.
Ending the Epidemic: Building Health Care Capacity Through HIV and HCV Preceptorship Programs
Authors: Levandowski Brooke A. , Steinke Jessica , Stewart Cheyenne , Urbina Antonio E. , Wilder Terri L. , Bevec Erin , Dye Timothy D.
Published: July 2023

Since 2015, Mount Sinai HIV/HCV Center of Excellence has implemented two-day HIV and HCV preceptorships for New York State health care. Participants assessed their knowledge of and confidence to perform 13 HIV or 10 HCV prevention- and treatment-related skills, measured on a 4-point Likert scale from “not at all” to “very” knowledgeable/confident at baseline, exit survey, and a recent evaluation. Wilcoxon signed rank sum tests determined mean differences at all three time points. Between baseline to exit assessment and baseline to evaluation assessment, HIV and HCV preceptorship attendees reported significant increases in knowledge for five HIV and three HCV components and confidence for two HIV and three HCV tasks (p < .05), respectively. The preceptorship significantly and positively impacted short-term and long-term knowledge and confidence around HCV and HIV clinical skills. The implementation of HIV and HCV preceptorship programs may increase HIV and HCV treatment and prevention service efficacy within key population areas.
HIV Infection Among Adolescents Residing in Urban Informal Settlements of Kenya
Authors: Truong Hong-Ha M. , Guzé Mary A. , Kadede Kevin , Amboka Sayo , Otieno Beatrice , Odhiambo Hanningtone , Odeny Damaris , Hewa Marion , Opiyo Maurice , Opondo Fidel , Fatch Robin , Ogolla David , Miller Lara E. , Bushman Dena , Auerswald Colette , Bukusi Elizabeth A. , Cohen Craig R. ,   the Maneno Yetu Study Team
Published: July 2023

Adolescents comprise approximately 15% of new HIV infections in Kenya. Impoverished living conditions in informal settlements place residents at high risk for HIV infection. We assessed factors associated with HIV infection among adolescents residing in urban informal settlements in Kisumu. We recruited 3,061 adolescent boys and girls aged 15-19. HIV prevalence was 2.5% overall, all newly identified cases were among girls and infection was positively associated with not completing a secondary education (p < .001). Girls who had ever been pregnant (p < .001) or out-of-school without completing a secondary education (p < .001) were more likely to be HIV-positive. Our findings of higher HIV prevalence among adolescent girls who had been pregnant or did not complete secondary school highlight the need to facilitate access to HIV testing, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis, and sexual and reproductive health services as components of a comprehensive prevention strategy to decrease HIV infections in this priority population.
PRESENÇAS CIGANAS NA FRANÇA (E OUTROS PAÍSES EUROPEUS): A ABORDAGEM POLÍTICA E A PERCEPÇÃO DO OUTRO
Authors: Filhol Emmanuel
Published: July 2023

A história dos ciganos na Europa remonta ao final da Idade Média. A grande diversidade de grupos familiares, sob as denominações autonímicas que eles mesmos se dão (Manouches, Roms, Sinté, Sinti, Gitans, Gypsies, Travellers, Yéniches, Voyageurs…) ou segundo os nomes mais ou menos pejorativos que lhes são atribuídos (Egípcios, boêmios, romanichels, nômades) vem acompanhada de uma pluralidade de modos de estar no mundo e de práticas do espaço, entre circulações e ancoragens. Apesar do seu reconhecimento entre as populações medievais e renascentistas, a política adotada pelo poder público em relação às minorias ciganas dá testemunho das constantes medidas discriminatórias e persecutórias. Portanto, não é surpreendente que, com algumas exceções, a língua Romani, sujeita a nenhum reconhecimento oficial, na França em particular, tenha sido reduzida ao silêncio. A produção iconográfica dedicada aos ciganos revela, entretanto, uma mistura contraditória de atitudes feitas de hospitalidade e de hostilidade.
"CONTEMPORÁNEOS": PARADIGMA DE LA MODERNIDAD EN MÉXICO
Authors: Albertos María José Bas
Published: July 2023

En este artículo sobre la revista mexicana Contemporáneos, se van a analizar algunos aspectos por los que esta publicación, que se editó entre junio de 1928 y diciembre de 1931, es considerada como paradigma de una modernidad que de veras influyó en la vida literaria del país y en la posterior evolución de la misma; y no sólo por la regularidad de su tirada mensual. Algunos críticos han señalado la fecha del primer año de publicación de la revista como una de las que marcan inexorablemente la evolución de las letras mexicanas, a pesar de que los juicios sobre su influencia y la del grupo de poetas que en ella colaboraron no hayan sido unánimes. Sin embargo, sólo en Contemporáneos coincidirán todos los escritores que después han sido llamados los Contemporáneos. La revista fue el crisol y laboratorio para la experimentación; y sus incursiones en el campo de la crítica, el teatro, la novela y las que realizaron con maestría en la lírica, serían las que fundarían en México la literatura y crítica modernas por la amplitud de su programa, por la voluntad de difundirse en un amplio ámbito cultural y por demostrar una actitud crítica ante la vanguardia.
OS DENTES DA MULTIDÃO: UMA ARQUEGENEALOGIA DO RISO
Authors: Graciano Daniel Perico , Santos Cássia Dos
Published: July 2023

Realizamos uma breve reflexão acerca do riso como forma de enunciado comandado por interesses político-econômicos que regem as relações de poder desde o período de consolidação do cristianismo no Império Romano até a atualidade. As proibições do riso ao longo desse período se manifestam como função enunciativa de um dispositivo estratégico do poder pastoral, a partir de arranjos de linhas de forças que instauram programas de verdade. As reflexões presentes neste artigo têm por pretensão realizar uma análise arquegenealógica pautada no pensamento de Michel Foucault, a fim de apreender, identificar e descrever alguns dos arranjos que emergem das relações de poder expressas na historicidade da forma de enunciar em questão. Para isso, traçamos uma história de forma a concebe-la como um problema ou um conjunto de questões, rompendo com uma concepção linear e teleológica, a partir de enunciados que evidenciam a relação entre riso, poder e resistência. Elaboramos, dessa forma, ainda que brevemente, um histórico das práticas discursivas das quais emergem a produção de subjetividades dóceis condizentes com as necessidades de manutenção do poder político e econômico associado ao dispositivo religioso.
TREM FANTASMA POR FOOT HARDMAN E SUA RECEPÇÃO PELA CRÍTICA DO JORNALISMO CULTURAL DO RIO E SÃO PAULO (1988-2005)
Authors: Pacheco Alexandre
Published: July 2023

O presente trabalho analisa certas representações literárias do discurso da crítica jornalística que recepcionou a obra Trem Fantasma, de Francisco Foot Hardman, na imprensa do Rio e São Paulo nos anos de 1988-2005. De uma forma geral, a crítica jornalística mobilizou o tema da obra, ou seja, o colapso da Estrada de Ferro Madeira Mamoré para a projeção de um exame sobre os descaminhos da nação brasileira em busca do progresso. A fundamentação teórica levou em conta os estudos do jornalismo cultural e suas relações com a crítica literária acadêmica, como também o uso do conceito de representação de Roger Chartier. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram três momentos de projeções da crítica jornalística sobre a obra em questão: Em um primeiro momento, a projeção de uma Madeira Mamoré como representação das mazelas do sonho nacional do desenvolvimento das elites brasileiras. Em um segundo momento, a projeção das ações políticas modernizantes e deslumbradas das nossas elites que levaram à construção e ao colapso da Madeira Mamoré. Já em um terceiro momento, a projeção da Madeira Mamoré sob o impacto do processo de globalização do final do século XX e inícios do século XXI. Em seu conjunto, enfim, as representações indicaram a ferrovia Madeira Mamoré na obra Trem Fantasma, como um dos exemplos históricos que sempre dificultaram o ingresso do país no concerto das nações mais desenvolvidas.
LITERATURA COMPARADA EN BRASIL: DESDE UNA PERSPECTIVA ETNOCÉNTRICA HACIA UN DIÁLOGO DE CULTURAS
Authors: Coutinho Eduardo F.
Published: July 2023

Marcada inicialmente por un enfoque de carácter historicista –basado en principios científico-causalistas, propios del momento y del contexto histórico en que se ha configurado– y seguida por una óptica predominantemente formalista, que la ha dominado por largo tiempo, la Literatura Comparada pasó, desde mediados del siglo XX al presente, de un discurso cohesivo y unívoco con fuerte propensión universalizante, hacia otro plural y descentrado, históricamente situado y consciente de las diferencias que identifican a cada corpus literario en el proceso de la comparación. Aunque esa transformación se haya originado en el gran eje de los estudios comparatistas, formado por Europa Occidental y América de Norte, ha encontrado, en países como Brasil, un terreno favorable, gracias a la división muy presente en el país entre la importación ciega de corrientes de pensamiento europea y la búsqueda creciente de identidade cultural. Movido por esas cuestiones y por las nuevas tendencias filosóficas surgidas en Occidente, como la Desconstrucción, la Nueva Historia y los Estudios Culturales y Postcoloniales, el comparatismo ha dejado de lado en Brasil la perspectiva eurocéntrica que lo había dominado hasta entonces, para constituirse en un diálogo de culturas, inscribiéndose en la primera línea de frente de reflexión sobre el país.
SOBRE LA CRÍTICA LITERARIA EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Montoya Pablo
Published: July 2023

Hacia mediados del siglo XX, Baldomero Sanín Cano hizo un pronóstico inquietante: en Colombia no existía crítica literaria. En breves explicaciones, el ensayista ponía en su sitio las pretensiones de muchos escritores de diversa índole. Todos ellos sospechaban –en realidad, algunos estaban convencidos de ello– que eran críticos literarios en un país cuya literatura apenas alcanzaba los honores de ser menor. Sanín Cano constataba, en el artículo “El ocaso de la crítica”, y apoyándose en lo que sucedió en la Francia y la Inglaterra decimonónicas, que una portentosa crítica literaria no tiene por qué surgir al lado de una portentosa narrativa o de una portentosa poesía. La crítica, concluía, se presenta por lo general años después y en pequeñas cantidades. Es posible que esto sea cierto. Sin embargo, en el caso de la historia literaria colombiana habría que plantearse la cuestión de otro modo: ¿cómo puede haber crítica literaria, digamos sólida y madura, en un país dueño de una literatura que raras veces alcanza los niveles de la excelencia? Y más todavía: ¿cómo puede desarrollarse favorablemente este tipo de crítica en un medio social que ha sido siempre reacio o indiferente a la práctica de la lectura?
OS EFEITOS DA INTERSUBJETIVIDADE E DA ALTERIDADE PARA O PROCESSO DE SUBJETIVAÇÃO EM THE WITCHER 3: WILD HUNT
Authors: Alves Peres Carolina
Published: July 2023

O presente artigo busca refletir acerca da possibilidade de um espaço maior para a subjetivação nas narrativas interativas de jogos digitais. Para isso, utiliza-se a abordagem enunciativa de Émile Benveniste, a fim de explorar a constituição do sujeito e de sua individualidade através das relações intersubjetivas/alteritárias, relacionando com as reflexões de Dessons em Émile Benveniste, l’invention du discours (2006). Propõe-se uma análise da experiência subjetiva do personagem Geralt de Rívia em The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt a partir do estudo do dispositivo trinitário da língua (eu, tu e ele) com aporte de Dufour em Os mistérios da trindade (2000), identificando como acontece a interação do jogador com o linguístico e o modo como ele se apropria da linguagem para experienciar a narrativa e construir sua historicidade colocando-se como “eu” no discurso. Observa-se que o processo de subjetivação se apresenta como uma temática interessante a ser analisada, sobretudo a partir da experiência narrativa de um jogo digital. Por consequência, esta pesquisa expôs duas perspectivas distintas, uma pela ótica do design e outra pelo viés da linguística, para, desse diálogo, considerar a discussão que daí desponta em torno do espaço enunciativo do jogador dentro dos jogos digitais.
LES MOTS SOUS LES MOTS E A POTENCIALIDADE CRIATIVA NO HORIZONTE DA LINGUAGEM
Authors: Da Silveira Mélany Dias
Published: July 2023

O texto deste trabalho é fruto de muitas inquietações e diálogos entre fronteiras. Na primeira parte do presente texto, sinalizo a diversidade dos interesses aos quais Saussure se dedicou em sua trajetória acadêmica. Dentre as diversas ocupações do linguista, estiveram suas investigações sobre o processo anagramático nos poemas da antiguidade clássica – estudo que ocupou mais de uma centena de cadernos manuscritos, dos quais uma parte foi publicada por Starobinski (1974) em As palavras sob as palavras. É com base na publicação de Starobinski que apresento a pesquisa de Saussure sobre os anagramas a partir de duas principais interrogações: “que leis regem tais operações?”; “os mecanismos são puramente fortuitos? Ou aplicados e desejados de maneira consciente?”. Na segunda parte, invisto em uma aproximação entre a análise de Saussure sobre o poema De rerum natura e os conceitos de linearidade, relações sintagmáticas e associativas, arbitrário do signo linguístico e valor. Por fim, proponho uma aproximação entre as descobertas de Saussure e as reflexões de Roman Jakobson, o poeta da linguística.
Measurement Uncertainty – its Place in Education Studies
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Pasikowski Sławomir
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the issue of uncertainty. The importance of this issue in education studies is indicated. Selected ideas and models from the foundations of measurement theory and probability theory are presented and related to selected circulating opinions, as well as an example of the determination of measurement uncertainty.
Marian Przełęcki i jego wizja poznania (poza)naukowego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Matusiak-Rojek Magdalena
Published: July 2023

By means of the methods adopted in science, we acquire a considerable amount of knowledge about the world around us. However, we also formulate questions, the answers to which we must seek outside its boundaries. The text presents a reconstruction of the views of Marian Przelecki, who analyzed the areas of cognition beyond scientific standards. It presents the philosopher’s reflections on axiological cognition, philosophical cognition, as well as cognition gained through religious faith. The summary of the text is an attempt to indicate the areas in which the methods of nonscientific cognition intertwine with the methodological and object-oriented aspect of pedagogical research.
Theoretical Aspects of the Study of the Phenomenon of Lies (Based on the Material of Foreign Studies)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Veterok Ekaterina V.
Published: July 2023

The article presents the theoretical aspects of the study of the phenomenon of lies based on the material of modern foreign studies. The specificity of the phenomenon of lying as deliberate immoral behavior aimed at deceiving others in the process of social interaction is analyzed. Various factors causing the use of lies by subjects are considered. The main foreign studies devoted to the study of the factors that cause the use of lies with different motivations: egoistic and altruistic are analyzed. In the process of theoretical analysis, it was found that the lie is represented by three configurations. The first configuration – sadistic lies – is aimed at harming another individual. In the second and third configurations, the lie acts as a desire for self-preservation of the subject. In the second configuration, the object feels inaccessible. In this case, a lie can be used to create an attractive “Iˮ that will cause acceptance and support of the object. In the third configuration, the object is felt as intrusive, as a result, the need for independence is realized through lies. In addition, a lie can act in the context of maintaining the confidentiality of an individual. It is revealed that currently there are a number of unresolved problems in scientific research related to the problem of lying and its social assessment.