bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Senior BSN students’ confidence, comfort, and perception of readiness for clinical practice: the impacts of COVID-19
Authors: Musallam Eyad , A. Flinders Brooke
Published: April 2021

Objectives

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted overall nursing education program requirements, classroom delivery of theory hours, as well as clinical and laboratory learning opportunities for students. The aims of this study were to explore the impacts of COVID 19 on the students’ perceptions of readiness for practice and their preparation for the NCLEX exam and initial clinical practice.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive design was used to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on senior BSN students’ preparation for NCLEX and future careers. The Casey-Fink Readiness for Practice Survey was used to investigate the perceptions of the BSN students’ clinical confidence and readiness for practice.

Results

Students reported substantial impacts of COVID-19 on their clinical experiences, their ability to practice skills and procedures, their preparations for NCLEX exam, and their nursing career. The most significant confidence concerns noted from this study seemed to center on handling multiple patient assignments, calling the physician, responding to a change in patient condition, and treating a dying patient.

Conclusions

Healthcare experts expect that the impact of COVID-19 may last until 2022. More research is needed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on nursing education and transition to nursing practice. While clinical confidence and readiness for practice are essential topics, more research is needed to investigate the psychological and physiological impacts of COVID-19 on nurses, nursing students, nursing preceptors, and faculty members.
Tumor visualization and fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green (ICG) in laparoscopic and robotic hepatobiliary surgery – valuation of early adopters from Germany
Authors: Franz Mareike , Arend Jörg , Wolff Stefanie , Perrakis Aristotelis , Rahimli Mirhasan , Negrini Victor-Radu , Stockheim Jessica , Lorenz Eric , Croner Roland
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Indocyanine green (ICG) is a fluorescent dye which was initially used for liver functional assessment. Moreover, it is of value for intraoperative visualization of liver segments and bile ducts or primary and secondary liver tumors. Especially in minimally invasive liver surgery, this is essential to enhance the precision of anatomical guided surgery and oncological quality. As early adopters of ICG implementation into laparoscopic and robotic-assisted liver surgery in Germany, we summarize the current recommendations and share our experiences.

Methods

Actual strategies for ICG application in minimally invasive liver surgery were evaluated and summarized during a review of the literature. Experiences in patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic-assisted liver surgery with intraoperative ICG staining between 2018 and 2020 from the Magdeburg registry for minimally invasive liver surgery (MD-MILS) were evaluated and the data were analyzed retrospectively.

Results

ICG can be used to identify anatomical liver segments by fluorescence angiography via direct or indirect tissue staining. Fluorescence cholangiography visualizes the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts. Primary and secondary liver tumors can be identified with a sensitivity of 69–100%. For this 0.5 mg/kg body weight ICG must be applicated intravenously 2–14 days prior to surgery. Within the MD-MILS we identified 18 patients which received ICG for intraoperative tumor staining of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma, peritoneal HCC metastases, adenoma, or colorectal liver metastases. The sensitivity for tumor staining was 100%. In 27.8% additional liver tumors were identified by ICG fluorescence. In 39% a false positive signal could be detected. This occurred mainly in cirrhotic livers.

Conclusions

ICG staining is a simple and useful tool to assess individual hepatic anatomy or to detect tumors during minimally invasive liver surgery. It may enhance surgical precision and improve oncological quality. False-positive detection rates of liver tumors can be reduced by respecting the tumor entity and liver functional impairments.
Paradoxical sleep deprivation induces oxidative stress in the submandibular glands of Wistar rats
Authors: Lasisi Taye J. , Shittu Shehu-Tijani T. , Abeje Jude I. , Ogunremi Kehinde J. , Shittu Seyyid A.
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Paradoxical sleep deprivation has been associated with impaired salivary secretion in rats. However, the mechanism that underlies this is not known. Therefore, this study assessed salivary and serum oxidative stress levels following paradoxical sleep deprivation in rats.

Methods

Twenty-one male Wistar rats randomly divided into three groups of seven rats each as; Control (C); partial sleep-deprived (PSD); and total sleep-deprived (TSD) were used. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activities were evaluated in saliva, serum, and submandibular glands after seven days of sleep deprivation. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean and analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD post hoc, and Pearson’s correlation tests.

Results

Serum MDA levels were significantly higher in both the TSD and PSD groups compared to the control group whereas only the TSD group showed higher submandibular MDA levels compared to the PSD group and the control group. Submandibular SOD activity was significantly lower in both the TSD and PSD groups compared to the control group. Serum catalase activity was significantly lower in the TSD group only compared to the control group.

Conclusions

These results have demonstrated for the first time that paradoxical sleep deprivation was associated with changes in the oxidant/antioxidant defense system in the submandibular salivary glands of male Wistar rats which may contribute to impairment in salivary secretion.
A case of statin-induced liver injury with positive rechallenge with a second statin. Is there a class effect?
Authors: Onfiani Giovanna , Nascimbeni Fabio , Carubbi Francesca
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Statins have proved to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in high-risk population and are generally well tolerated, although adverse events can occur. Up to 3% of patients develop aminotransferases elevation, which usually normalizes with continued treatment and hardly is associated with clinical symptoms. Serious statin-related liver injury is exceedingly rare. Furthermore, literature regarding rechallenge with a second statin is extremely poor. Some authors caution that re-exposure to these drugs is associated with a more serious liver injury but safe switching to a second statin after drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is also reported.

Case presentation

We describe a case of a middle-aged woman who developed hepatocellular liver injury after simvastatin dose escalation; a rechallenge with low dose rosuvastatin caused rapid recurrence of DILI.

Conclusions

In our opinion, clinicians should be very cautious upon rechallenge and closely follow-up patients who experienced statin-induced liver injury when trying re-exposure to another statin.
The effects of pre-pregnancy obesity and gestational weight gain on maternal lipid profiles, fatty acids and insulin resistance
Authors: Gulecoglu Onem Muge Gul , Coker Canan , Baysal Kemal , Altunyurt Sabahattin , Keskinoglu Pembe
Published: April 2021

Objectives

Pregnancy is associated with physiological alterations in insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. This study investigates the associations between pregestational body mass index (pBMI) and the rate of gestational weight gain (rGWG) in the second trimester with the biomarkers of lipid, fatty acids metabolism and insulin resistance.

Methods

Sixty nine pregnant women followed. The body weights of the pregnant women were measured and blood samples were obtained at 11–14th and 24–28th weeks of pregnancy. Glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, insulin levels and fatty acids were measured. Rate of GWG (kg/week) and The Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. The pregnant women were stratified according to their pBMI and the 2nd trimester rGWG.

Results

The rate of GWG was significantly higher for the group with pBMI<25, compared to the group with pBMI≥25 (p=0.024). Triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol were significantly increased in the second trimester compared with the first trimester. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-6 (n − 6) and omega-3 (n − 3) fatty acid levels and n − 6/n − 3 ratio were significantly higher in the second trimester. Glucose was significantly decreased and insulin was increased in the second trimester. In the overweight/obese group; HOMA-IR, insulin, AA, palmitoleic acid and stearic acid were found to be high in comparison to the group with low/normal pBMI. No parameters were associated with rGWG.

Conclusions

The changes in lipid parameters, free fatty acids, insulin and HOMA-IR in the second trimester were compatible with the changes in lipid metabolism and the development of insulin resistance. Pregestational BMI was shown to have a stronger influence on lipid profile, insulin resistance, and fatty acids than rGWG.
Four long noncoding RNAs act as biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Yang Liu , Li Yujiang , Wu Yunfei , Li Xiang , Wu Xu
Published: April 2021

Introduction

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is currently one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. However, there is a lack of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-based effective markers for predicting the prognosis of LUAD patients. We identified four lncRNAs that can effectively predict the prognosis of LUAD patients.

Methods

We used data gene expression profile for 446 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The patients were randomly divided into a training set and a test set. Significant lncRNAs were identified by univariate regression. Then, multivariate regression was used to identify lncRNAs significantly associated with the survival rate. We constructed four-lncRNA risk formulas for LUAD patients and divided patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. Identified lncRNAs subsequently verified in the test set, and the clinical independence of the lncRNA model was evaluated by stratified analysis. Then mutated genes were identified in the high-risk and low-risk groups. Enrichment analysis was used to determine the relationships between lncRNAs and co-expressed genes. Finally, the accuracy of the model was verified using external database.

Results

A four-lncRNA signature (AC018629.1, AC122134.1, AC119424.1, and AL138789.1) has been verified in the training and test sets to be significantly associated with the overall survival of LUAD patients.

Conclusions

The present study demonstrated that identified four-lncRNA signature can be used as an independent prognostic biomarker for the prediction of survival of LUAD patients.
Use of microspheres in embolization for unruptured renal angiomyolipomas
Authors: Shimohira Masashi , Nagai Keiichi , Ohta Kengo , Sawada Yusuke , Naiki Taku , Nagai Takashi , Yasui Takahiro , Shibamoto Yuta
Published: April 2021

Purpose

To describe our initial experience with use of microspheres in transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) for unruptured sporadic renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs).

Materials and methods

Seven consecutive patients with seven unruptured sporadic renal AMLs, 6 females and 1 male, with a median age of 45 years (range, 30–69 years), underwent TAE using microspheres between November 2016 and February 2020. We evaluated the technical success rate, complications related to the procedure, clinical success rate, and the shrinkage rate of renal AML. Technical success was defined as the completion of TAE. Clinical success was defined as presence of shrinkage of the renal AML after TAE.

Results

In all patients, TAE using microspheres was accomplished and technical success rate was 100% (7/7). Three patients exhibited slight pain, but it improved with only observation, and the minor complication rate was 43% (3/7) and major complication rate was 0% (0/7). After the TAE, shrinkage of renal AML was confirmed in 6 of 7 patients, and clinical success rate was 86% (6/7). The median of shrinkage rate was 47% (range, 26–83%) with a median follow-up period of 19 months (range, 4–30 months).

Conclusion

TAE using microspheres appears to be effective and safe for unruptured sporadic renal AMLs.
The crystal structure of ethyl 5-methyl-7-(4-(phenylthio)phenyl)-4,7-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate, C20H19N5O2S
Authors: Wang Wenxiang
Published: April 2021

C20H19N5O2S, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 18.861(4) Å, b = 12.000(2) Å, c = 17.787(4) Å, β = 105.15(3)°, V = 3885.7(15) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0654, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1538, T = 293(2) K.
Improvement of long-term cycling performance of high-nickel cathode materials by ZnO coating
Authors: Wang Fangfang , Hong Ruoyu , Lu Xuesong , Liu Huiyong , Zhu Yuan , Zheng Ying , Hui David
Published: April 2021

The high-nickel cathode material of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (LNCA) has a prospective application for lithium-ion batteries due to the high capacity and low cost. However, the side reaction between the electrolyte and the electrode seriously affects the cycling stability of lithium-ion batteries. In this work, Ni2+ preoxidation and the optimization of calcination temperature were carried out to reduce the cation mixing of LNCA, and solid-phase Al-doping improved the uniformity of element distribution and the orderliness of the layered structure. In addition, the surface of LNCA was homogeneously modified with ZnO coating by a facile wet-chemical route. Compared to the pristine LNCA, the optimized ZnO-coated LNCA showed excellent electrochemical performance with the first discharge-specific capacity of 187.5 mA h g−1, and the capacity retention of 91.3% at 0.2C after 100 cycles. The experiment demonstrated that the improved electrochemical performance of ZnO-coated LNCA is assigned to the surface coating of ZnO which protects LNCA from being corroded by the electrolyte during cycling.
Scaling of Steam Turbine Control Valve Guidance Pins
Authors: Neidel A. , Cagliyan E. , Fischer B.
Published: April 2021

Severe scaling caused the guiding pin of two control valves of a smaller industrial steam turbine to seize which thus led to a malfunction. The customer sought clarification on whether the oxidation products are really common scale. This could be confirmed.
Teachers and supervisors negotiating face during critical account requests in post observation feedback
Authors: Donaghue Helen
Published: April 2021

This article shows, through the analysis of “real life” institutional interaction, how experienced teachers and supervisors negotiate face when teachers contest or manage supervisors’ critical account requests during post observation feedback meetings. A linguistic micro-analysis of data extracts is supplemented with ethnographic data drawn from participant perspective interviews and researcher knowledge. The analysis shows how participants subtly and skillfully employ facework to manage the potential face-threat engendered by criticism and disagreement. This facework is mostly successful, but in one case the supervisor orients to face-threat and closes down the topic of discussion. This demonstrates that face is consequential to both unfolding talk and the feedback goal of dialogue and development. Feedback participants, both supervisors and teachers, also engage in moves of face support and face maintenance. The analysis shows face to be an emergent, situated relationship, co-constructed by both participants, and also shows that participants are willing to risk face-threat to achieve institutional goals (supervisors) and defend their actions (teachers). This supports the view that face-threat is rational and common and indicates that criticism, account requests, and disagreements are acceptable norms in post observation feedback.
Motzen und Moral
Authors: Thielemann Nadine , Göke Regina , Savych Zlatoslava
Published: April 2021

The paper analyses complaining behaviour at the workplace across several languages (French, German in Austria and in Germany, Polish and Russian). As speech acts, complaints deal with socially unacceptable actions that are brought up as problematic issues retrospectively. This may include critical evaluative assessment or the request for compensation. Data have been collected using an online discourse completion task (DCT) including discourse scenarios in which the power distance between the participants as well as the weight of the transgression/misconduct varied. The results show that complaining strategies vary along several dimensions (e. g. mention of transgression +/-, justification of complaint +/-, way in which a solution or compensation is requested). The observed differences in complaining strategies can be interpreted in terms of culture-specific ways in which the relationship at the workplace is conceived of. Despite the general restrictions of DCT as a method of data collection, we suggest utilizing data and results derived from their analysis in the context of courses of intercultural business communication and of business language courses.
On the argument structure of complex denominal verbs in Latin: a syntactic approach
Authors: Mateu Jaume
Published: April 2021

In this paper I offer a syntactic approach to the formation of complex denominal verbs in Latin. Two basic types of prefixed locative denominal verbs can be distinguished in this language: location ones “agglutinate” a PP expressing location, whereas locatum ones contain a noun expressing thelocatumobject. Assuming a syntactic distinction between Incorporation and Conflation in denominal verb formation, I claim that prefixed location verbs are formed viaIncorporation(i.e. Internal Merge), whereas prefixed locatum verbs are formed viaConflation(i.e. External Merge). Unprefixed locative verbs can only be interpreted as locatum predicates, but unlike prefixed locatum verbs, they are analyzed as involving a possessive relation and as being formed via incorporation. The present approach also provides an explanation of why Romance locatum verbs, unlike location ones, are not necessarily prefixed. It is also claimed that unprefixedandprefixed locatum verbs in Romance are formed via incorporation rather than via conflation, its reason being related to the typological shift from the presence of a typical conflation pattern in satellite-framed Latin to a lack of it in verb-framed Romance languages. Finally, I show that Latin prefixed denominal verbs and prefixed deadjectival ones are all telic and project a ResultP in syntax. In contrast, this projection can be argued to be absent from unprefixed denominal and deadjectival verbs.
On-Machine Measurements im Internet of Production
Authors: Sanders Mark , Xi Tiandong , Dahlem Philipp , Fey Marcel , Schmitt Robert H. , Brecher Christian
Published: April 2021

Bei On-Machine Measurements werden Bauteile direkt mit dem Messtastersystem der Maschine gemessen. So wird im Vergleich zur Messung per KMG (Koordinatenmessgeräte) der Aufwand zur dimensionellen Bauteilprüfung und einer anschließenden Korrektur fehlerhafter Bauteile erheblich reduziert. Es wird eine Dateninfrastruktur vorgestellt, welche die aus der Maschine stammenden Daten annotiert speichert. Mithilfe der gesammelten Daten kann die Maßhaltigkeit des Bauteils automatisch erkannt werden.**
Herausforderungen bei der Einführung neuer digitaler Technologien bei KMU Teil 1: Am Beispiel der Künstlichen Intelligenz
Authors: Axmann Bernhard , Harmoko Harmoko
Published: April 2021

Diese Veröffentlichung ist der erste von zwei Teilen der KI-Studie für KMU, in der der langsame Fortschritt der Digitalisierung in deutschen KMU und die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen aufgezeigt werden. Demgegenüber stehen die großen Vorteile der Digitalisierung mit Künstlicher Intelligenz. Die geringen Aktivitäten beruhen auf der Skepsis, dass KI nicht für KMU geeignet ist. Die begrenzten Ressourcen der KMU sowie die Herausforderungen in Bezug auf Daten und ihre Infrastruktur müssen durch den Aufbau von Vertrauen und Fähigkeiten der KMU und die Bereitstellung von Bewertungswerkzeugen sowie Richtlinien für KI-Anwendungen überwunden werden.**
Only the Fastest Corticospinal Fibers Contribute to β Corticomuscular Coherence
Authors: Ibáñez J. , Del Vecchio A. , Rothwell J. C. , Baker S. N. , Farina D.
Published: April 2021

Human corticospinal transmission is commonly studied using brain stimulation. However, this approach is biased to activity in the fastest conducting axons. It is unclear whether conclusions obtained in this context are representative of volitional activity in mild-to-moderate contractions. An alternative to overcome this limitation may be to study the corticospinal transmission of endogenously generated brain activity. Here, we investigate in humans (N= 19; of either sex), the transmission speeds of cortical β rhythms (∼20 Hz) traveling to arm (first dorsal interosseous) and leg (tibialis anterior; TA) muscles during tonic mild contractions. For this purpose, we propose two improvements for the estimation of corticomuscular β transmission delays. First, we show that the cumulant density (cross-covariance) is more accurate than the commonly-used directed coherence to estimate transmission delays in bidirectional systems transmitting band-limited signals. Second, we show that when spiking motor unit activity is used instead of interference electromyography, corticomuscular transmission delay estimates are unaffected by the shapes of the motor unit action potentials (MUAPs). Applying these improvements, we show that descending corticomuscular β transmission is only 1–2 ms slower than expected from the fastest corticospinal pathways. In the last part of our work, we show results from simulations using estimated distributions of the conduction velocities for descending axons projecting to lower motoneurons (from macaque histologic measurements) to suggest two scenarios that can explain fast corticomuscular transmission: either only the fastest corticospinal axons selectively transmit β activity, or else the entire pool does. The implications of these two scenarios for our understanding of corticomuscular interactions are discussed.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe present and validate an improved methodology to measure the delay in the transmission of cortical β activity to tonically-active muscles. The estimated corticomuscular β transmission delays obtained with this approach are remarkably similar to those expected from transmission in the fastest corticospinal axons. A simulation of β transmission along a pool of corticospinal axons using an estimated distribution of fiber diameters suggests two possible mechanisms by which fast corticomuscular transmission is achieved: either a very small fraction of the fastest descending axons transmits β activity to the muscles or, alternatively, the entire population does and natural cancellation of slow channels occurs because of the distribution of axon diameters in the corticospinal tract.
Characterizing Cortex-Wide Dynamics with Wide-Field Calcium Imaging
Authors: Ren Chi , Komiyama Takaki
Published: April 2021

The brain functions through coordinated activity among distributed regions. Wide-field calcium imaging, combined with improved genetically encoded calcium indicators, allows sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and spatiotemporal resolution to afford a unique opportunity to capture cortex-wide dynamics on a moment-by-moment basis in behaving animals. Recent applications of this approach have been uncovering cortical dynamics at unprecedented scales during various cognitive processes, ranging from relatively simple sensorimotor integration to more complex decision-making tasks. In this review, we will highlight recent scientific advances enabled by wide-field calcium imaging in behaving mice. We then summarize several technical considerations and future opportunities for wide-field imaging to uncover large-scale circuit dynamics.
¿Influyen los valores hacia la pareja sobre la violencia sufrida en el noviazgo adolescente?
Authors: Caballero Cala Verónica , Guisado Álvarez Dulce María
Published: April 2021

Introducción. La investigación sobre violencia en la pareja adolescente ha ido aumentando en los últimos años. Sin embargo, son escasos los estudios que profundizan sobre el papel de los valores culturales y preferencias asociadas a la pareja en la posibilidad de sufrir violencia. Esta investigación persigue analizar los diferentes perfiles valorativos hacia la pareja adolescente y posteriormente analizar la influencia de estos sobre la victimización de violencia. Método. Se aplicó un cuestionario sobre violencia en la pareja adolescente y aspectos culturales asociados a 417 adolescentes españoles (15-21 años) quemantenían relaciones sentimentales activas desde los últimos 3 meses. Resultados. Los celos y el control aparecen como las formas más extendidas de violencia y la violencia sexual es la única forma de violencia con diferencias atribuibles al género. El análisis de los valores asociados a la pareja muestra que las mujeres valoran más aspectos comunicativos en la pareja y los hombres de apariencia. Las mujeres prefieren, en mayor medida que los hombres, divertirse, ser libres y sentirse deseadas. Las diferencias valorativas se agruparon en tres perfiles o clusters relacionales: el tradicional-comunicativo, el hedonistadesapegado y el protector-dependiente. Finalmente, las pruebas de contraste negaron una influencia directa de los valores asociados a lapareja sobre la victimización de la violencia de pareja. Conclusiones. El análisis de los valores asociados a la pareja aporta información rica sobrelas transformaciones que se están produciendo en las relaciones adolescentes, pero no mantiene relación directa con la violencia sufrida
Violencia en las relaciones románticas y tipología familiar en jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Rocha Narváez Brenda Liz , Venegas Ariza Betsy Milena , Ortiz Herrera Oscar Eduardo , Basto Urquijo Sneyder
Published: April 2021

La violencia en el noviazgo durante la juventud se transcribe en un problema social de gran importancia en razón al impacto y consecuencias que conlleva para la vida, incluyendo el hecho de ser un fuerte predictor de la violencia en la adultez. El propósito del presente estudio fue identificar la relación entre las conductas violentas en el noviazgo, la tipología familiar y algunos factores sociodemográficos, en una muestra de jóvenes universitarios de la Sabana de Bogotá. Para tal fin se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de corte transversal, con un diseño de tipo descriptivo correlacional a una muestra de 515 estudiantes universitarios de cinco instituciones de educación superior de la región sabana de Bogotá, con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 25 años. Dentro de los hallazgos, para la muestra en estudio, se encontraron relaciones entre dichos factores de violencia y algunas tipologías familiares y los factores sexo y nivel socioeconómico.
Intervención en duelo y mindfulness
Authors: Salcido-Cibrián Liliana , Jiménez-Jiménez Óliver , Ramos Dias Natalia , Sánchez-Cabada Mario Enrique
Published: April 2021

El presente estudio evalúa el efecto de una intervención adaptada del Programa Inteligencia Emocional Plena (PINEP) en adultos que han sufrido la pérdida de un ser querido. La intervención tiene una duración de doce sesiones, de dos horas y media por semana. La muestra está compuesta por 17 adultos de un rango de edad de entre 26 y 71 años (M = 50.59; SD = 14.44). Los participantes que completaron la intervención, muestran una mayor tolerancia al malestar desarrollando habilidades en mindfulness [t(16) = 4.17, d = 1.04, p ≤ .001] y una disminución en ansiedad estado [t(16) = -2.94, d = .72, p = .005], ansiedad rasgo [t(16) = -3.48, d = .78, p ≤ .001] y depresión [t(16) = -3.18, d = .66, p= .003]
Political and Economic Situation in the Republic of South Africa and its Influence on Immigration
Authors: Łodejska Klaudia
Published: April 2021

Migration processes have accompanied man since the dawn of time. In the case of migration currents to South Africa after World War II, there are several factors influencing the decisions to migrate. There were several waves of migration, depending on the changing in the second half of the Twentieth century South Africa’s economic and political situation. To properly present the issue of migration to South Africa, both from Poland and other countries of the world, it is first necessary to focus on the events that enabled the development of a policy of racial segregation. Then focus on economic development during this period that determined the successive waves of migrants. The last, crucial element is focusing on emigrants and the reasons for their emigration. In the case of the Polish diaspora in South Africa, many people decided to leave Poland due to the political system that was in the communist period; they wanted to give their children a better start in life or simply wanted to develop professionally, which was not possible at that time in the country. The aim of this article is to present the political, economic, demographic and social factors that influenced migration to South Africa.
Correlation between Serum Uric Acid Level and Severity of Coronary Artery Stenosis in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret/Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia, Prasetyo Diding Heri , Nasution Sally Aman , Alwi Idrus , Abdullah Murdani
Published: April 2021

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a life-threatening disease which remains one of the causes of high morbidity and mortality despite the current advances in treatment. The relationship between the serum uric acid (SUA) level and ischemic heart disease continues to be controversial and still has not been established as a cardiovascular risk factor. The cooperative interaction between the two factors has not yet fully understood. Prior epidemiological evidence of the causal relationship between the too is still argumentative. Various studies have been done using the same methods; yet, the outcomes were different. This study aimeds to conduct a meta-analysis to synthesize the results of recent studies in order to obtain accurate quantitative data. This systematic study followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline and studies published in the period of January 2010 to May 2020 were screened using the Cochrane Library, Ebsco, Medline/PubMed, ProQuest and Science Direct as the sources. Meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the association between the SUA level and severity of coronary artery stenosis using random effect model to account for possible study heterogeneity. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 and the meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta Analysis Version 3 (CMA3) software. Five studies (n = 601 subjects) identified a correlation between serum uric acid level and Gensini score (r = 0.548; p <0.001) in ACS patients. Heterogeneity bias was found in the analysis, whereas publication bias was not found. Thus, the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with ACS is positively correlated with serum uric acid level.
Comparative Efficacy of Bronchiolitis Interventions in Acute Care: A Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Elliott Sarah Alexandra , Gaudet Lindsay A. , Fernandes Ricardo M. , Vandermeer Ben , Freedman Stephen B. , Johnson David W. , Plint Amy C. , Klassen Terry P. , Allain Dominic , Hartling Lisa
Published: April 2021

CONTEXT:

Uncertainty exists as to which treatments are most effective for bronchiolitis, with considerable practice variation within and across health care sites.

OBJECTIVE:

A network meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of common treatments for bronchiolitis in children aged ≤2 years.

DATA SOURCES:

Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched from inception to September 1, 2019.

STUDY SELECTION:

A total 150 randomized controlled trials comparing a placebo or active comparator with any bronchodilator, glucocorticoid steroid, hypertonic saline solution, antibiotic, helium-oxygen therapy, or high-flow oxygen therapy were included.

DATA EXTRACTION:

Data were extracted by 1 reviewer and independently verified. Primary outcomes were admission rate on day 1 and by day 7 and hospital length of stay. Strength of evidence was assessed by using Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis .

RESULTS:

Nebulized epinephrine (odds ratio: 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44 to 0.93, low confidence) and nebulized hypertonic saline plus salbutamol (odds ratio: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.84, low confidence) reduced the admission rate on day 1. No treatment significantly reduced the admission rate on day 7. Nebulized hypertonic saline (mean difference: −0.64 days, 95% CI: −1.01 to −0.26, low confidence) and nebulized hypertonic saline plus epinephrine (mean difference: −0.91 days, 95% CI: −1.14 to −0.40, low confidence) reduced hospital length of stay.

LIMITATIONS:

Because we did not report adverse events in this analysis, we cannot make inferences about the safety of these treatments.

CONCLUSIONS:

Although hypertonic saline alone, or combined with epinephrine, may reduce an infant’s stay in the hospital, poor strength of evidence necessitates additional rigorous trials.
Arrhythmias and Conduction Disturbances in Autoimmune Rheumatic Disorders
Authors: Plastiras Sotiris C , Moutsopoulos Haralampos M
Published: April 2021

Rhythm and conduction disturbances and sudden cardiac death are important manifestations of cardiac involvement in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD), which have a serious impact on morbidity and mortality. While the underlying arrhythmogenic mechanisms are multifactorial, myocardial fibrosis plays a pivotal role. It accounts for a substantial portion of cardiac mortality and may manifest as atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, conduction system abnormalities, biventricular cardiac failure or sudden death. In patients with ARD, myocardial fibrosis is considered to be the hallmark of cardiac involvement as a result of inflammatory process or to coronary artery occlusive disease. Myocardial fibrosis constitutes the pathological substrates for reentrant circuits. The presence of supraventricular extra systoles, tachyarrhythmias, ventricular activity and conduction disturbances are not uncommon in patients with ARDs, more often in systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory muscle disorders and anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody-associated vasculitis. In this review, the type, the relative prevalence and the underlying mechanisms of rhythm and conduction disturbances in the emerging field of cardiorheumatology are provided.
Sighting of the rare jellyfish Anomalorhiza shawi Light, 1921 in a marine protected area of Hong Kong
Authors: Ricca Pia Maria Catherine , Cheung Ho Chi Angola
Published: April 2021

Anomalorhiza shawi Light, 1921 is a species of rhizostome jellyfish (Cnidaria, Rhizostomeae), which is the most diverse order of scyphozoan jellyfishes. This species has rarely been observed, such that little information exists on its distribution or biology. We report a new sighting of A. shawi in the Hoi Ha Wan Marine Park of Hong Kong, which extends this species’ geographic distribution by 1,116 km northwards from Manila Bay, Philippines. We also highlight the value of community science platforms for species identification and range extension.
The Village Resists
Authors: Dhert David Bert Joris
Published: April 2021

Being the second film of the We Must Be Dreaming trilogy, the film The Village Resists takes a deeper dive into how the Indigenous community of Rio de Janeiro served as the frontline of resistance against the economic pressure of the World Cup and Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 2014 and 2016. In observational style, the film follows the daily struggles of the community against the approaching spectacles, suggesting how the decade of sports euphoria gradually brought back a not so distant colonial/dictatorial past to Brazil. Being the result of a collaboration with the Indigenous community of Rio de Janeiro since 2012, this film offers contact points with the film We Must Be Dreaming (BE, 2016, 61’), but can and is at best be seen as independent of it.
A brief commentary on activated carbon material as an efficient low-cost material for water decontamination
Authors: Sema Akito I , Bhattacharyya Jhimli
Published: April 2021

Activated carbon material, the low lost but very effective absorbent, can easily be synthesized from various naturally occurring bio-waste plants containing the enriched carbonaceous materials, like,coconut shell, peels of various fruits and vegetables, agricultural byproduct, husk, flower, carbonized lignite, coal etc.The high adsorption efficiency of such materials is the resultant of the high degree of porous structure and numerous reports are available on their properties. Development of such natural adsorbents attracted many researchers due to its specific efficiency for removing inorganic and organic compounds other than heavy metals from waste water. Unlike various other photocatalytic nanoparticles, the fundamental advantage of using activated carbon to remove pollutants from water is that it does not produce toxic byproducts after adsorption. However, substantial efforts on improving the potential activity of carbon are still on the run using varying chemical treatment and surface modification to improve its enhancement towards specific contaminants. This report primarily focuses on the raw precursor’s material, the route of synthesis, different methods of modification and factors influencing the adsorption potential of activated carbon. Detailed information on the improvement on the surface, properties and its application on the water treatment have also been provided. Research reports on removal of harmful dyes, heavy metal, and emerging pollutants from waste water, water remediation are taken into account.
The Voyage Of WitchCraft: From The Crucible To Harry Potter
Authors: Choudhury Ria Roy
Published: April 2021

In this paper, I have attempted to draw a line of comparison between two iconic works of literature namely, The Crucible by Arthur Miller and J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series. Composed in 1692 and conceived in 1997 respectively, witchcraft is the fulcrum upon which
both of these masterpieces rest. The texts reiterate references of the historical event of witch hunt in New England and colonial America, which ranged from 14th century to 17th century. However, the journey of witchcraft from the 17th to the 20th century, and its reception, has not been without
alterations. From being a taboo, to an art which is difficult to master but highly desirable, the general perception towards witchcraft, has acquired a sea-change.
NUMBER THEORY AND THEIR APPLICATION IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND CRYPTOGRAPHY
Authors: Banerjee Debjeet , Dutta Sagnik , Bhattacharyya Souvik , Sarkar Sujan , Rakshit Sneha , Chakraborty Raktim
Published: April 2021

Here we have briefly discussed the various applications of number theory in the fields of Computation with special emphasis on Encryption algorithms. We have laid special emphasis on prime numbers and briefly touched upon their importance in modern day Cryptography , especially in RSA
Encryption which is the most widely used encryption technique nowadays.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENHANCED WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK LIFESPAN USING HYBRIDIZED CLUSTER AND K-MEANS ALGORITHM
Authors: Amoo J.O. , Osunade O. , Makinde O.E. , Ajobiewe D.N. , Adebayo E.O.
Published: April 2021

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are useful in situations where a low-cost network needs to be set up quickly and no fixed network infrastructure exists. Typically, its applications are for monitoring system such as (environmental, air and water quality etc), natural disaster prevention,
forest fire prevention, military exercises and emergency rescue operations. Wireless sensor network consists of large number of a group of small sensor nodes which utilizes battery and are with limited energy and life span that makes these sensors node inefficient, non-scalable, in- mobile
and non-load balance. The nodes close to each other have more overlap; they sense the same data from environment and cause a waste of energy by generating repetitive data. In this study, a hybridized clustering and k-means algorithm are introduced, in each round, a certain number of nodes
are specified; the nodes which have at least one neighboring node at a distance less than the threshold. Then, the wireless sensor network nodes were partitioned into different clusters and one of the nodes elected from each cluster to act as a cluster head with the use of a hybridized cluster
and k mean algorithm. Among them, the nodes with less energy and greater overlap with their neighbors have been chosen to go to sleep mode. Also, the energy imbalance among sensor nodes is reduced by integrating the distance of the nodes from the base station into clustering policies. A simulator
was developed with python programming language to evaluate the performance of this system. On the basis of the simulation results, the proposed scheme elongates the network life span, then, balances the load among sensor nodes further.
Anatomical characterization of Passiflora cincinnata Mast. fruit subjected to refrigeration
Authors: Carvalho Carolina Rodrigues Victor de , Mapeli Ana Maria , Oliveira Andreia Barroncas de
Published: April 2021

Abstract Passiflora cincinnata is a species of wild passion fruit whose fruit has potential for use by the food industry. In this context, an anatomical study of the pericarp may help in understanding the changes which occur during the postharvest period. The objective of this work was to anatomically characterize the P. cincinnata pericarp, focusing on the structural changes which occur during refrigerated storage. The selected fruits were kept in net-like packaging at 5°C and evaluated every 15 days for a period of 90 days. Pericarp samples were hand cut on these dates for structural description and to detect starch, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and lignin through histochemical tests. Other samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The fruit is composed of three anatomically distinct regions: exocarp, mesocarp and endocarp. The mesocarp stands out for the presence of sclerified cells and the lax parenchyma, which increased its number of layers during the evaluated period. Idioblasts with prismatic crystals, drusen, silica crystals and raphides were identified, but the amounts reduced over time. This reduction and enlargement of the lax parenchyma were the main changes observed in the postharvest period of P. cincinnata pericarps.
Produção e Qualidade de Melões Sob Diferentes Arranjos do Sistema de Irrigação e Coberturas do Solo
Authors: Pereira Wiltemberg de Brito , Possídio Carlos Eduardo Franco , Sousa José Sebastião Costa de , Simões Welson Lima , Santos Caio Márcio Guimarães
Published: April 2021

Resumo Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar aspectos produtivos e de qualidade de meloeiros (Cucumis melo L.) sob diferentes formas de cultivo em Petrolina/PE durante dois ciclos produtivos. Adotou-se delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com parcelas subsubdivididas em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 3, sendo, dois híbridos de melão amarelo (Gladial e SF 10/00 F1) nas parcelas, dois arranjos do sistema de irrigação (uma e duas fileiras de gotejadores por fileira de plantas) nas subparcelas, e três tipos de coberturas do solo (mulchings preto e cinza e sem cobertura) nas subsubparcelas, com seis repetições. Foram avaliados, comprimento, largura e número total e comercial de frutos, produtividade, uso eficiente da água, sólidos solúveis totais, firmeza e acidez da polpa. Os maiores índices de produtividade, uso eficiente da água e número de frutos comerciais foram obtidos com o uso de mulching (independente da cor) com uma fileira de gotejadores por fileira de plantas. Para os índices pós-colheita os tratamentos não diferiram entre si.
Homofobia: uma interpolação na abordagem da transexualidade
Authors: Jorge Marco Antonio Coutinho , Travassos Natália Pereira
Published: April 2021

Embora a homossexualidade não esteja mais no rol das psicopatologias, em muitos países ainda é considerada crime, passível de punição que chega à pena de morte. O avanço na conquista dos direitos homoafetivos trouxe, na mesma medida, o aumento do ultraconservadorismo, expresso em violência. Para Freud, a homossexualidade é tão enigmática quanto a heterossexualidade, mas a crença na complementaridade sexual - impossível para a psicanálise - talvez seja um fator que leve muitos transexuais a buscar harmonizar sexo e gênero. Autoidentificados como homossexuais antes de se dizerem transexuais, a escuta desses sujeitos revela que a adequação do corpo transexual pode estar a serviço da homofobia cultural e internalizada do próprio homossexual. Seria a demanda transexual de corresponder o corpo à alma uma tentativa subreptícia de negação da homossexualidade na contemporaneidade?
De uma falta ontológica a uma política do tempo
Authors: Lemke Ruben Artur , Ravanello Tiago , Costa Marcio Luis
Published: April 2021

Neste artigo os autores apresentam uma análise da dimensão temporal da concepção psicanalítica da falta-a-ser utilizando elementos da analítica existenciária presente em Ser e Tempo, de Heidegger. A partir disso, é discutida a função do corte, que revela o sujeito como descontinuidade no real, tal como foi proposto por Lacan no seminário O desejo e sua interpretação. Por fim, a categoria “corte” é proposta como o corolário técnico da proposição ontológica da falta-a-ser e o modo de operacionalizar a política da psicanálise em sua relação com a temporalidade do tratamento.
Entrevista com Amelinha Teles: o nosso projeto é pela vida, Heleieth Saffioti na luta feminista.
Authors: Lindôso Raquel Oliveira , Motta Daniele Cordeiro
Published: April 2021

Resumo: Nesta entrevista, Amelinha Teles discorre sobre sua trajetória intelectual e militante iniciada durante a ditadura civil e militar no Brasil e a recepção do livro de Heleieth Saffioti (2013 [1969]), A mulher na sociedade de classes: mito e realidade, considerado por Amelinha como o primeiro livro feminista sobre mulheres escrito no Brasil. Ressalta-se a contemporaneidade do legado de Saffioti por meio das teorias do Nó das relações sociais de classe, gênero e raça/etnia e atualidade do Patriarcado. Discute-se, também, o diálogo íntimo entre Heleieth Saffioti e a luta feminista no Brasil, especialmente a atuação de Heleieth Saffioti junto às Promotoras Legais Populares (PLPs).
Vulnerabilidades cruzadas: as mulheres e suas experiências diversificadas
Authors: Passos Luana , Souza Lorena
Published: April 2021

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva investigar as vulnerabilidades cruzadas que marcam as mulheres enquanto sujeito multifacetado. Priorizou-se, para tanto, indicadores de mercado de trabalho e de provisão de cuidados. A metodologia utilizada se deu a partir da análise descritiva dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua, de 2018. Os achados apontam que as mulheres negras, pobres e as negras pobres, em linhas gerais, apresentam maior vulnerabilidade. Portanto, em que pese as normas de gênero alcançarem todas as mulheres, os dados evidenciam que os efeitos comportam gradações de acordo com a cor e a classe social a qual elas fazem parte.