bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exhaust Emission Toxicity Assessment for Two Different Modern Gasoline Vehicle Technologies
Authors: Tsakonas Georgios , Stamatiou Rodopi , Kontses Anastasios , Lazou Antigone , Samaras Zissis C. , Introna Micol , Juárez-Facio Ana , Steimer Sarah , Elihn Karine
Published: August 2023

Cellular exposure to diluted exhaust gas is a promising method to assess the adverse effects of road traffic on human health. To fully understand the potential correlation between emission patterns, vehicle technologies and cellular toxicity in real-world scenarios, further research is needed. This study evaluates the toxicity of exhaust emissions from two advanced technology vehicles in real-world driving conditions. One vehicle is a gasoline direct injection (GDI) with a particle filter (GPF), while the other is a gasoline port fuel injection (PFI) hybrid without a GPF. The vehicles were tested on a chassis dyno using a Real Driving Emissions (RDE) test cycle that replicates on-road conditions. The test cycle included both cold and hot starting engine conditions. Human epithelial A549 cells were exposed to diluted exhaust using an Air Liquid Interface (ALI) system to assess toxicity. Τhe particle dose during cell exposure simulated human inhalation in an urban environment. The ALI system was equipped with cell insert points, with or without HEPA filters, allowing the study of the effect of filtered and unfiltered exhaust. Exposed cells were subjected to Alamar Blue staining and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) measurements were performed. The results indicate that both gaseous and particulate emissions are associated with reduction of cell viability in all cases (3-21.1%). Furthermore, higher levels of toxicity were observed during cold-start cycles of the GDI car.
Evaluation of TPMS Structures for the Design of High Performance Heat Exchangers
Authors: Torri Federico , Berni Fabio , Fontanesi Stefano , Mantovani Sara , Giacalone Mauro , Defanti Silvio , Bassoli Elena , Colombini Giulia
Published: August 2023

The development of the additive manufacturing technology has enabled the design of components with complex structures that were previously unfeasible with conventional techniques. Among them, the Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) structures are gaining scientific interest in several applications. Thanks to their high surface-to-volume ratio, lightweight construction, and exceptional mechanical properties, TPMS structures are being investigated for the production of high-performance heat exchangers to be adopted in different industrial fields, such as automotive and aerospace. Another significant advantage of the TPMS structures is their high degree of design flexibility. Each structure is created by replicating a characteristic unit cell in the three spatial dimensions. The three key parameters, namely cell type, cell dimension and wall thickness can be adjusted to provide considerable versatility in the design process. As for the heat exchangers, the variation of these parameters results in different values of heat transfer and pressure drop. If, on the one hand, this flexibility leads to a wide range of design possibilities, on the other hand it generates uncertainty when the most suitable cell (with the best set of parameters) has to be selected. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to address the initial challenge in the design process of an innovative heat exchanger that incorporates a TPMS structure, which is the selection of the unit cell. Based on a literature review, four TPMS structures are selected as the most promising ones for the purpose, namely Gyroid, I-WP, Primitive and Diamond. Small prototypes of the selected structures are numerically tested at laminar and turbulent flow conditions to compare their performances in terms of heat transfer and pressure drop against a more traditional solution. In order to ensure an unbiased comparison between the structures, they are compared on equal volume of the specimen, wall thickness and unit cell dimension. Finally, a compact plate heat exchanger based on turbulators is added to the comparison, to investigate the capabilities of the TPMS structures compared to a more conventional solution.
Exploring the Potential of Hydrogen Opposed Piston Engines for Single-Cylinder Electric Generators: A Computational Study
Authors: Volza Antonello , Scrignoli Francesco , Caprioli Stefano , Mattarelli Enrico , Rinaldini Carlo Alberto
Published: August 2023

One of the main challenges related to the use of Hydrogen in Internal Combustion Engines is the trade-off between NOx emissions and brake power output: on the one hand, a lean premixed charge (Lambda ≈2.5) is generally able to provide a regular and efficient combustion, yielding near-zero NOx emissions; on the other hand, the power density tends to be very poor, due to the huge amount of air required by the thermodynamic process. As a further penalization, the injection of a gaseous fuel during the intake process has a negative impact on volumetric efficiency. Supercharging can be a solution for addressing the problem, but at the cost of an increase of complexity, cost and overall dimensions. An alternative path is represented by the 2-stroke cycle, and, in particular, by the opposed piston (OP) design. Most of the existing OP engines are compression ignited, but Spark ignition and direct fuel injection can be implemented without relevant modifications to the layout of cylinders. The goal of this paper is to assess the potential of Hydrogen OP engines, by means of a simplified but physically consistent numerical approach, focused on a relatively simple application, i.e. a single cylinder electric generator delivering 45 kW at 3000 rpm. The full modularity of the concept permits to get different power ratings with no change to the cylinder design. Moreover, a higher power density can be achieved by increasing the engine speed. The study is carried out by means of CFD 1D simulations (GT-Power by Gamma Technologies): the model is based on a previous study on OP diesel engines, and it is supported by some specific CFD 3D analyses. The predictive combustion model is calibrated on the basis of experimental data from literature, obtained on a 4-stroke turbocharged H2 engine. The numerical results obtained on the optimized model suggest that the proposed engine can deliver 30 kW at 2000 rpm, with a brake thermal efficiency of about 50%, along with near zero emissions. Further work is obviously required to confirm these encouraging preliminary results: in particular, a more sophisticated approach is necessary to investigate the injection and combustion processes in the specific operating conditions.
Modeling and Design of a PEM Fuel Cell System for Ferry Applications
Authors: Saponaro Gianmarco , Stefanizzi Michele , Franchini Emanuele , Torresi Marco , Camporeale Sergio
Published: August 2023

The upcoming regulations to achieve zero-emission passenger transport present challenges for designing new ferry powertrains. The proposed work investigates the feasibility of using a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) power system to power a long-haul ferry. The paper describes the zero-order cell model as well as the method for estimating cell degradation. The stack modeling, heat balance equations, and auxiliary modeling are also presented. The proposed model enables the simulation of the fuel cell under different operating conditions and includes the use of air or oxygen as an oxidizer. A thermal management strategy for the overall PEMFC system is also proposed. The model was calibrated on the characteristic curves of the PEMFC Ballard FCvelocity™ HD6 (150 kW) and validated by reproducing experimental results. Then, a real load profile of a ferry, as well as the proposed powertrain is considered as case study. The presented results are related to a single daily mission and its deterioration throughout the set mission cycle is finally presented.
A MATLAB/Simulink Model of a PEM Fuel Cell System Including Ageing Phenomenon
Authors: Corda Giuseppe , Breda Sebastiano , D'Adamo Alessandro
Published: August 2023

This paper presents a numerical model of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) system reproducing an automotive-type powertrain. The 0D model is developed in MATLAB/Simulink environment, and it incorporates all the main auxiliary components (air and hydrogen supply line, cooling circuit) as well as the PEMFC stack unit. The model includes an ageing model to estimate the PEMFC stack degradation over time, resulting in progressive efficiency loss as well as in increased auxiliary power and thermal dissipation demand. The presented model enables the estimation of both PEMFC duration and of the time-varying request of heat rejection, facilitating the selection of auxiliaries to optimize the lifelong performance. The model constitutes the backbone for the design and optimization of PEMFC systems for automotive applications, and the integration with a degradation model provides a comprehensive research tool to estimate the long-term performance and lifetime of PEMFC system.
Modelling of a Hybrid Quadricycle (L6e vehicle) Equipped with Hydrogen Fueled ICE Range Extender and Performance Analysis on Stochastic Drive Cycles Generated from RDE Profile
Authors: Cervone Davide , Sicilia Massimo , Romano Marco , Polverino Pierpaolo , Pianese Cesare , Frasci Emmanuele , Arsie Ivan , Sementa Paolo
Published: August 2023

The last environmental regulations on passenger vehicles’ emissions harden constraints on designing powertrains. A promising solution consists in vehicle electrification leading to hybrid configurations: the tank-to-wheel pollutant emissions can be drastically reduced combining features of typical battery electric vehicles adding an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) controlled as a Range Extender (REX). Furthermore, HC and CO/CO2 emissions can be avoided using green hydrogen as fuel for the ICE; moreover, in absence of a mechanical coupling between REX and wheels the best operating conditions in terms of maximum ICE efficiency may be easily achieved. In this work, a light quadricycle (EU L6e, classification) series hybrid vehicle with four in-wheel motors is studied for the application of a range extender system. The powertrain features a 0.25 Liter hydrogen-fueled ICE, whose performance data are available thanks to an experimental campaign performed at STEMS-CNR research center; then, optimal REX operations strategies are identified, and a rule-based controller is implemented for energy management purposes of the powertrain. As a first analysis, a study on hydrogen tank sizing is performed starting from an estimation of the energy demand on the range extender; then, a study on battery pack size is conducted to understand the behavior of the engine fed with hydrogen along with an overall fuel consumption analysis for a standard drive cycle (i.e., on a flat road); the same analysis is then conducted on a Real Driving Emissions (RDE) drive cycle with road slope included to compare the results of battery sizing with respect to the previous case. A stochastic algorithm for drive cycle and road slope generation is implemented to generate RDE drive cycle to explore the behavior of the vehicle on different road load conditions which are reproduced through the cycle. Finally, a study on battery sizing is achieved. The results of the analyses exhibit configuration of battery pack which express the best tradeoff between mileage and equivalent fuel consumption.
Experimental Characterization of the Variability of the Thermal Runaway Phenomenon of a Li-ion Battery
Authors: Lecompte Matthieu , Bardi Michele , Richardet Lucas , Chevillard Stephane , Abada Sara , Khaled Houssam , de Persis Stéphanie
Published: August 2023

The electrification of mobility is a major inflection point for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants from the transportation sector. In this context, the Li-ion battery is currently the technology shared by automakers to provide the energy storage needed to deploy electrified vehicles.

However, Li-ion batteries can undergo incidents with dramatic consequences, referred to as thermal runaway (TR). This can result from abnormal conditions: excessive temperature, mechanical deformation, electrical overcharge, internal short circuit. TR is characterized by a violent reaction, that is, difficult to control and can release hazardous gases. This issue is today a crucial safety concern that strongly impacts the design and the battery management strategies.

The objective of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the phenomena by focusing on the variability of the battery cell (BC) TR induced by thermal initiation. The commercial BC used is an 21700 cylindrical LG M50LT with state-of-the art active materials: NMC811 for the positive electrode and silicon graphite composite for the negative electrode.

The variability of the TR phenomenon is analyzed experimentally using two different devices: the first is Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (an ARC) with the specific Heat Wait and Search protocol and, the second, is a high-pressure/high-temperature vessel, based on constant heating ramps, using specific instrumentation with optical access to visualize the combustion phases.

The variability of the TR phenomenon is subsequently examined through essential key parameters as cell self-heating onset, venting event and accelerated TR temperature.

Finally, a calibrated and validated TR model for the BC studied allows the observed phenomena to investigating by confronting the experimental results with a sensitivity analysis of the model.

The results allow to highlight the interest of considering the variability of the TR phenomenon by thermal initiation for numerical calibration.
A Modified Enhanced Driver Model for Heavy-Duty Vehicles with Safe Deceleration
Authors: Shiledar Ankur , Villani Manfredi , Rizzoni Giorgio , Adinolfi Ennio Andrea , Pandolfi Alfonso , Paolino Antonio , Pianese Cesare
Published: August 2023

To accurately evaluate the energy consumption benefits provided by connected and automated vehicles (CAV), it is necessary to establish a reasonable baseline virtual driver, against which the improvements are quantified before field testing. Virtual driver models have been developed that mimic the real-world driver, predicting a longitudinal vehicle speed profile based on the route information and the presence of a lead vehicle. The Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) is a well-known virtual driver model which is also used in the microscopic traffic simulator, SUMO. The Enhanced Driver Model (EDM) has emerged as a notable improvement of the IDM. The EDM has been shown to accurately forecast the driver response of a passenger vehicle to urban and highway driving conditions, including the special case of approaching a signalized intersection with varying signal phases and timing. However, most of the efforts in the literature to calibrate driver models have focused on passenger vehicles. This study aims to expand the calibration of the EDM to commercial vehicle drivers, specifically those driving heavy-duty trucks. Real-world data for the calibration are collected with an onboard advanced connectivity platform that not only acquires and manages information about vehicles and routes but also provides ADAS and vehicles-to-everything (V2X) communication. Therefore, the data can be processed either on-board or on a cloud platform. Furthermore, a new mode is introduced within the EDM which enables preemptive deceleration of the vehicle when approaching an intersection, making a turn, or exiting from a highway. This effort will not only provide a baseline virtual driver to benchmark the performance of CAV technology in the commercial truck industry but will also enable the assessment of the impact of driver aggressiveness on the energy consumption of electric commercial vehicles.
Holistic Process-Oriented Approach to Test Bench Control for Mobile Machines
Authors: Herr Stefan , Becker Simon
Published: August 2023

The requirements for modern drivetrains are increasing across all industries. Even mobile working machines such as agricultural and construction machinery are subject to increasingly higher demands in terms of efficiency and CO2 emissions. To verify these requirements and drive further development, it is necessary for testing processes to comprehensively evaluate the machine and its operational processes. For this purpose, the MOBiL testing approach was developed at the Institute of Mobile Machines. This approach incorporates parallel drivetrains, information flow and the environment of the driving and working task. To implement this approach in a complete vehicle testbench, a framework was developed that enables fully individual driving and working tasks of a mobile working machine to be replicated on a test bench. The basis for this framework is the Robot Operating System (ROS), which runs various nodes. Individual nodes control the different testing subsystem, such as the 4-WD-Acoustic-Chassis Dynamometer, the driving robot, or a PTO test stand. Starting from a simulation node, the subsystems are controlled and reflect their respective measured variables back into the system. These variables are then returned to the simulation and collected along with data from the simulation. All nodes are interchangeable, allowing suitable specifications, simulations, and hardware to be used depending on the scenario: For instance, a tractor with a PTO-driven implement like a baler or a rotary harrow driving on a field. This allows tests on the powertrain and its controls to be reproducibly researched on a test bench. Therefore, efficient, and customized testing processes for a wide range of applications and vehicles are enabled.
Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing for Optimizing Inverter Performance in Electric Vehicles
Authors: Kiss Gergely , Duchi Francesco , Steinhaus Tim
Published: August 2023

In recent years, the use of high-power inverters has become increasingly prevalent in vehicles applications. With the increasing number of electric vehicle models comes the need for efficient and reliable testing methods to ensure the proper functioning of these inverters. One such method is the use of Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) environments, where the inverter is connected to a simulated environment to test its performance under various operating conditions. HiL testing allows for faster and more cost-effective testing than traditional methods and provides a safe environment to evaluate the inverter's response to different scenarios. Further, in such an environment, it is possible to specifically stimulate those system states in which conflicts between the lines arise regarding the ideal system parametrization. By combining HiL testing with design-of-experiments and modelling methods, the propulsion system can hence be optimized in a holistic manner.

In the past, such approaches have been used in conventional powertrain development such as to validate software functions on existing controller hardware or investigate system interactions on an engine or powertrain testbed. In this paper, we demonstrate the possibilities of inverter testing on a Power-HiL (PHiL) environment. In addition to the resulting analogies and differences for the different kinds of drive systems, the advantages and limitations of this testing method will be discussed. The efficient, robust and NVH-optimized operation of an electric drive is to a great extend determined by the level of current ripple generated by the switching of its inverter. Consequently, the optimization of the switching frequency to minimize this ripple has become a crucial aspect of the development process. In this regard, the present study aims to conduct comparative investigations on both an inverter testbed and an E-motor testbed to evaluate and attribute the sources of the current ripple induced in each component as well as the combined system behavior. By doing so, a comprehensive understanding of the ripple characteristics in different testing environments can be achieved, leading to the effective optimization of the electric drive's performance.
Battery Electric Vehicle-in-the-Loop Power and Efficiency Measurement Test Method
Authors: Rautenberg Philip , Reick Benedikt , Engelmann Danilo , Frey Michael , Gauterin Frank
Published: August 2023

The increasing adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), driven by the EU's target of no internal combustion engine vehicles from 2035 onwards, is driving significant changes in the automotive industry. However, the high degree of electrification and the unique low-speed acceleration behavior of BEVs therefore lead to new challenges. Measuring the drivetrain power and efficiency in a reproducible way and obtaining meaningful results is one of the challenges.

To address this challenge, a novel test method is developed that offers a simple and preferably modification-free approach to drivetrain power and efficiency measurements for BEVs, allowing for efficient and reproducible testing. Different paths for determining the drivetrain power with varied measurement efforts are presented and evaluated. The test method is designed to provide reliable and accurate results for BEVs.

In this study, the effectiveness of the test method is shown by presenting the results of tests conducted with a VW e-up! on a Vehicle-in-the-Loop test bench and comparing them with data from previous studies. The results show that this approach offers a reproducible and meaningful way to measure power and efficiency in BEV’s drivetrains.

In addition to the discussion of the results, insights into the measurement of BEV’s drivetrains are given. An outlook on future challenges and how to overcome these with the help of the presented test bench as well as the knowledge gained from the study completes the paper.

Overall, the study offers insights into the development and testing of BEVs, providing a robust and reliable test method.
Açık Kitap: Dede Korkut
Authors: KARA Nursu Nida
Published: August 2023

Kamran Aliyev'in Dede Korkut destanları üzerine yaptığı çalışma, Dede Korkut araştırmalarına önemli bir katkı sağlamıştır. Bu kitap incelemesi, Aliyev'in çalışmasının özet bir değerlendirmesini sunar. Aliyev'in araştırması, Dede Korkut boylarındaki belirli noktalara odaklanarak, geleneksel analizlerin ötesine geçmeyi hedeflemiştir. Yazarın yaklaşımı, Dede Korkut anlatılarına farklı bir bakış açısı; Dede Korkut metinlerinin derinliklerine inerek, yeni bir anlayış ve yorum sunmaktadır. Aliyev'in kitabı, sadece akademik bir çalışma olmanın ötesinde, keyifli bir okuma deneyimi de verir. Yazarın anlatı üslubu, okuyucuyu cezbeden, Dede Korkut anlatılarına dair farklı bir perspektife sahiptir. Bu nedenle kitap, Dede Korkut anlatılarına ilgi duyanlar için değerli bir kaynak ve okuma materyalidir. Sonuç olarak, Aliyev'in Dede Korkut destanları üzerine yaptığı çalışma, Dede Korkut araştırmalarında önemli bir yer tutar.
Otimização de restaurações estéticas anteriores associando barreira palatina e guia de silicone: relato de caso
Authors: Kondo Glen Victor , Souza Alana Castilho de , Martins Renata Yumi Takahashi , Pagliosa Eduarda Letícia , Huss Ana Beatriz Mori , Hayashi Ellen Namie , Pascotto Renata Corrêa , Bispo Carina Gisele Costa
Published: August 2023

É crescente a exigência estética dos pacientes em busca de um sorriso harmonioso, o que leva o cirurgião-dentista à constante necessidade de aperfeiçoamento profissional e de domínio de técnicas de que possa lançar mão para a obtenção de resultados satisfatórios e mais previsíveis. Este artigo objetiva apresentar um caso clínico de restaurações estéticas anteriores, associando o uso da barreira palatina e do guia de silicone transparente. Paciente do gênero masculino, de 22 anos, fumante, buscou atendimento na clínica odontológica da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) insatisfeito com suas restaurações anteriores. Ao exame clínico, foi observado escurecimento de todos os dentes e visível contraste da linha dente-restauração dos elementos 11 e 21. O paciente foi, primeiramente, submetido ao tratamento clareador caseiro, seguido do enceramento diagnóstico para confeccionar a barreira palatina e o guia de silicone transparente. As restaurações antigas foram removidas e as novas restaurações foram confeccionadas em resina composta com auxílio da barreira palatina, gerando a concha palatina, assim como do guia de silicone transparente, que deu forma às cristas marginais e à face vestibular. Essa técnica se mostrou bastante eficiente, reduzindo o tempo clínico e facilitando o procedimento, uma vez que minimiza a demanda de habilidade manual por parte do operador para obter excelência estética.
The Tangible and Intangible Benefits of Mangrove Forests as a Factor Affecting Community Participation in Mangrove Management
Authors: Fathyyah Zulfa Maulidah  , Johan Iskandar  , Budhi Gunawan
Published: August 2023

Community participation has been identified as a key factor in ensuring the long-term sustainability and effective governance of these valuable ecosystems. The three pillars of sustainable protected area management are forms of ecological, social and economic management that enhance the function of protected areas and can support human life. Mangrove forests play a crucial role in coastal ecosystems, providing numerous ecological, economic, and socio-cultural benefits to local communities. Understanding the diverse range of tangible and intangible benefits associated with mangrove forests is essential for comprehending the motivations and incentives that encourage community engagement in their conservation and sustainable management. The review highlights the complex interplay between tangible and intangible benefits and their influence on community participation in mangrove management. The review underscores the importance of recognizing and valuing both types of benefits, as they are intertwined and shape the attitudes, behaviors, and decision-making processes of local communities. Interdisciplinary studies that incorporate ecological, economic, social, and cultural dimensions is needed to comprehensively understand the multifaceted benefits of mangrove forests and their role in driving community participation in mangrove management. Such insights can inform policy and management strategies that promote sustainable development and effective conservation of mangrove ecosystems, ultimately contribute to the well-being of both coastal communities and the environment.
Radiological Imaging Results in HIV-Infected Patients in Mogadishu-Somalia: A Four-Year Retrospective Review
Authors: Kaya Veysel , Tahtabaşı Mehmet , Kahyaoğlu Aylin , Ali Adam Abdirahim , Hassan Idiris Mohamed , Bashir Ahmed Muhammad , Arslan Yakup
Published: August 2023

Somalia, which is one of the countries that has been trying to integrate with the rest of the world in terms of many socio-economic parameters, including the field of health in recent years, still faces some important health problems. One of these problems is the difficulties encountered in the early diagnosis and treatment of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, primarily due to social discrimination and limited treatment access. In this study, it was aimed to examine the findings detected in the radiological imaging examinations requested during the first examination in patients who were diagnosed with HIV for the first time by detecting HIV seropositivity in tests performed for different clinical reasons, and to determine the pathologies caused by advanced disease in patients who did not receive treatment. The study includes 235 patients who were diagnosed for the first time out of 269 patients with HIV confirmed by two different serological diagnostic tests during a previous comprehensive seroepidemiological study, and 14 patients with a suspicious test result for HIV infection but the presence of infection cannot be definitively proven in the absence of molecular diagnostic methods. In retrospective examinations, it was determined that 117 (49.8%) and 13 (92.9%) patients in both groups had radiological imaging (magnetic resonance imaging-MRI, computed tomography-CT, ultrasonography, and chest X-ray), respectively. While 16 of 117 HIV-infected patients had non-specific radiological findings and 53 had normal radiological findings, at least one radiological imaging of 48 patients revealed abnormal radiological imaging findings that may be associated with HIV infection. In these 48 patients, pneumonia findings in thorax CT and chest X-ray examinations, and encephalitis-related findings in patients with central nervous system involvement were the most common anomalies. In addition of these, other abnormal radiological findings included mass lesions compatible with neoplasia, lesions compatible with metastasis, lymphadenopathies, hepatosplenomegaly, and lesions indicating spleen involvement. The presence of similar findings (lesions compatible with pneumonia, encephalitis, and neoplasia) in 9 of 13 patients whose HIV infection could not be confirmed indicates that radiological tests can make significant contributions to clinical evaluations in the management of patients with suspicious laboratory results. The data we present from a region where significant obstacles are encountered in the diagnosis and follow-up of HIV infections due to the fear of discrimination (stigma) of the patients and the lack of molecular tests draw attention to the fact that many patients have advanced lesions when they are diagnosed, and this situation will have negative effects in the patient management and treatment process.
Analisis Kenaikan Muka Air Laut di Belawan
Authors: Anggraini Arrisha , Perwira Mulia Ahmad , Cynthia R Hasibuan Gina , M. Faisal
Published: August 2023

Climate change can cause an increase in sea temperatures which will have an impact on sea level rise due to the expansion of sea water volume and melting ice at the poles. Rising sea levels pose a threat to areas in coastal and coastal areas, one of which is Medan Belawan District. One of the impacts is tidal flooding. Tidal floods caused by high tides are then exacerbated by the phenomenon of rising sea levels so that it becomes a factor in increasing tidal flood inundation. The purpose of this study is to analyze sea level rise in Medan Belawan District by processing tidal data for 2012-2022 and sea level anomalies for 1993-2022 in the rate of sea level rise. The method used to calculate the tidal component uses the Admiralty method, sea level rise uses the linear regression method. The results of this study show that the value of sea level rise based on tidal data is 0.22 mm/year and 4.5 mm/year based on altimetry satellite data.
DEONTIC MODALITY IN GHANAIAN PENTE-CHARISMATIC SERMONS
Authors: Avevor Anita , Mwinwelle Peter , Asante-Anyimadu Grace
Published: August 2023

The linguistic analysis of sermons has in recent times attracted some attention in linguistic research. Notwithstanding, studies on language use in sermons have predominantly examined the style of individual preachers but with limited attention to linguistic resources on deontic modality. To fill this gap, the present study examines the linguistic resources employed in expressing deontic modality in selected Ghanaian Pente-Charismatic sermons. It is theoretically underpinned by the Register Theory propounded by Halliday (1989) and Biber and Conrad (2009). The study is a qualitative case study that purposively sampled twenty Pente-Charismatic sermons delivered by three Ghanaian preachers namely Apostle General Sam Korankye-Ankrah; Bishop Charles Agyin-Asare and Bishop Nicholas Duncan-Williams. The findings reveal that modal verbs are used to make declarations and admonish listeners on various Christian principles, lexical verbs are used dominantly in the form of action verbs to construe preachers as powerful people who instruct congregants on their Christian obligations while auxiliary verbs are used to support the main verbs to emphasise various actions in the sermons. Phrasal verbs, adverbs, and clauses on the other hand are insignificantly used to enable the preachers to convey their messages in plain language that would be understood by their audience. This paper extends the scholarship on register analysis of sermonic discourse by focusing attention on Pente-Charismatic sermons, a context underexplored in the literature. It also illustrates the communicative implications that underpin the use of various forms of deontic modality in sermonic discourse. The study therefore has implications for the register theory and studies on language use in sermonic discourse.
 

 Article visualizations:
FRICATIVES AND AFFRICATES AS A SOURCE OF PRONUNCIATION ERRORS AMONG KOREAN-SPEAKING LEARNERS OF SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE: INSTRUCTORS’ PERCEPTIONS AND APPROACHES / FRICATIVAS Y AFRICADAS COMO FUENTE DE ERRORES DE PRONUNCIACIÓN ENTRE LOS ESTUDIANTES DE ESPAÑOL Y PORTUGUÉS DE HABLA COREANA: PERCEPCIONES Y ENFOQUES DE LOS INSTRUCTORES
Authors: Do Amaral Maria João Pais , García María Teresa Martínez
Published: August 2023

This study focuses on the acquisition of Spanish and Portuguese fricatives and affricates by Korean-speaking L2 learners. Spanish, Portuguese, and Korean have varying allophonic varieties of fricatives and affricates, but instructional strategies often do not differentiate them. The main focus of this study is on mispronunciations of fricatives and affricates. The data was gathered through interviews with language instructors teaching Spanish and Portuguese in South Korea. During the interviews, instructors shared their perceptions of the most problematic aspects of pronunciation for Korean learners and provided insights into their classroom pronunciation teaching approaches. Ultimately, the study interprets potential sources of these pronunciation difficulties and discusses the impact of mispronunciations on L2 learners' intelligibility.

Este estudio se centra en la adquisición de fricativas y africadas en español y portugués por parte de estudiantes de L2 de habla coreana. El español, el portugués y el coreano tienen diversas variedades alofónicas de fricativas y africadas, pero las estrategias de instrucción a menudo no las diferencian. El enfoque principal de este estudio está en los problemas de pronunciación de las fricativas y las africadas. Los datos se recopilaron a través de entrevistas con instructores de idiomas que enseñan español y portugués en Corea del Sur. Durante las entrevistas, los instructores compartieron sus percepciones de los aspectos más problemáticos de la pronunciación para los estudiantes de coreano y brindaron información sobre los enfoques de enseñanza de la pronunciación en el aula. En última instancia, el estudio interpreta las fuentes potenciales de estas dificultades de pronunciación y analiza el impacto de las malas pronunciaciones en la inteligibilidad de los estudiantes de L2.

 

 Article visualizations:
Economic Growth Determinants Model Semarang City Year 2005 – 2017
Authors: Santoso Aprih
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of the Contribution of Regional Revenue (PAD) and General Allocation Grant (DAU) to Economic Growth (PDRB) of Semarang City through Capital Expenditure (BM). The data used in this research secondary data. The variables of this research consisted of Contribution of Regional Revenue (PAD), General Allocation Grant (DAU) as independent variables. Economic Growth (PDRB) as the dependent variable and the Capital Expenditure (BM) as an intervening variable. The test results and analysis of the data it can be concluded that the Contribution of Regional Revenue (PAD) and General Allocation Grant (DAU) directly effect on Economic Growth (PDRB) and Capital Expenditure (BM). and Capital Expenditure (BM) directly effect on Economic Growth (PDRB).
Keywords: Revenue, Capital, Economic
The Impact Of Financial Liberalization On Economic Risk In The Asia Pacific Countries
Authors: Keiko Hubbansyah Aulia , Feriansyah Feriansyah
Published: August 2023

In this study, we analyze the non-linear effect of financial liberalization policy toward the economic risk of the Asia Pacific countries with trade openness as a threshold variable. To do that, we apply the panel regression threshold proposed by Hansen (1999) as our method of analysis. Based on yearly data from 1975 – 2015, we find that there is a non-linear effect of financial liberalization on economic risk depending on the certain level of trade openness. Regarding this finding, we find that when the trade openness is below the threshold value, financial liberalization policy can reduce the economic risk of Asia Pacific countries. However, when the trade openness exceeds the threshold value, financial liberalization will increase the economic risk. So that, we conclude that an open domestic financial market that is followed by high degree of trade openness will tend to create an economic instability.
Keywords: Financial Liberalization, Trade Openness, Economic Risk, Volatility
The Threshold of External Debt Ratio in Indonesia
Authors: Karimah Siti , Nasrudin Nasrudin
Published: August 2023

Since New Order1 regime, external debt has become one of the reliable capital sources in Indonesia. In 2017, the World Bank was incorporating Indonesia to the top ten middle-income country borrowers so it is necessary to analyze the effect of external debt ratio on economic growth. Using the debt Laffer curve theory, the authors determine the threshold of the external debt ratio. The method of analysis is quadratic regression. The research results indicate that there exists a non-linear relationship between the external debt ratio and economic growth in Indonesia. On the other hand, research results have found the threshold of external debt ratio in Indonesia is 48 per cent to Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The external debt ratio less than 48 per cent of GDP does not affect economic growth, but it will have a negative effect on economic growth when the ratio is more than 48 per cent of GDP.
Keywords: external debt ratio, threshold, quadratic regression
Fermentation Properties and Nutritive Value of Sunflower Ensiled With Different Mixing Ratios of Silage Maize, Sweet Corn and Sweet Sorghum
Authors: ERTEKİN İbrahim , CAN Ersin
Published: August 2023

In recent years, with the effect of global warming, researches on the potential of plants that are more resistant to drought as forage crops and their ensiling properties have become increasingly widespread. Current study aimed to investigate the ability of ensiling, fermentation quality and nutritive value of a sunflower variety, which is more drought resistant than many forage crops, with silage corn, sweet corn and sweet sorghum at different mixing ratios. Plant species used as silage material in present study were grown simultaneously in separate plots. All plants were harvested by hand in the range of about 25-32% dry matter and these harvested crops were theoretically chopped with 2-3 cm electric shredding machine for silage. In addition to pure silages of all crop materials, mixed silages of 25%+75%, 50%+50% and 75%+25% were made in 3 replications. Besides some properties of silage beginning materials, some fermentation properties and feed quality parameters of resulted silages were investigated. As a result of this study, 50%+50% mixed silage of the sunflower variety used as silage material with maize, sweet corn and sweet sorghum increased the silage fermentation quality compared to the pure sunflower silages and improved the silage feed quality compared to the pure cereal (corn, sweet corn and sweet sorghum) silages.
Quizziz: A Game-based Formative Assessment Tool for Enhancing Students Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Capuno Jenny Grace C.
Published: August 2023

The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether Quizizz as a formative assessment tool enhances self-regulated learning among grade eight (8) Science learners of Sta. Catalina National High School, Candelaria, Quezon Province, Philippines. The study utilizes a mixed-methods research design to investigate whether Quizizz has the intended effect on the study samples. The study employs purposive sampling to identify the participants of the study. The experimental group (n=24) used Quizizz as an intervention before taking the formative test, while the control group (n=24) was not. The results reveal that the learners from the experimental group perform better than those from the control group. The findings suggest that using Quizizz improves learners' test scores resulting from self-regulated learning. The researcher identifies the grade 8 participants based on their capabilities to access the Quizizz platform.
Knowledge and Practice Regarding Self-Medication of Analgesic Drugs of the Students of Nursing Institute, Naogaon
Authors:   Nursing Instructor, Rajshahi Nursing College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh., Begum Renu Ara , Morsheda Hamima Umme ,   Principal, Islami Bank Nursing College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh., Khatun Mst.Taslima ,   Lecturer, Rajshahi Nursing College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh., Khatoon Mosammat Mahabuba ,   Principal Pabna Nursing College, Pabna, Bangladesh.
Published: August 2023

This was a cross-sectional type of descriptive study that was carried out with a view to assessing knowledge and practice regarding self-medication of analgesic drugs of the students of the Nursing Institute, Naogaon. The sample size was 175 which were selected purposively. The mean age was 19.34±0.95 years. Here, 56.0% knew self-medication practice is a bad habit for a nursing student, 92.0% of respondents said that pain-relieving drugs are dangerous without anti-acid drugs, 60.0% told that self-medication practice is completely unethical, most 85.7% told that purchase of medicine needs a prescription, 67.43% respondents took medicine without doctor`s advice. This study provides some important information which might help the concerned people to take appropriate measures and might be the basis for further in-depth study on this issue.’’
Propose Research Models and Hypotheses on the Impact of Current Ratio, Return on Assets, Total Assets Turn Over, Leverage Index, Total Accrual on Total Assets to Dividend Payout Ratio for Manufacturing Enterprises
Authors:   Accounting Department, University of Labour and Social Affairs, Vietnam, Huong Tram Le Thi , Thi Thanh Nga Nguyen ,   Accounting Department, University of Labour and Social Affairs, Vietnam
Published: August 2023

The dividend payout ratio is an important criterion for investors to evaluate the performance of a business. However, determining the level and rate of dividend payment has a great influence on the development strategy and business activities of the enterprise in the future. Therefore, the decision on the dividend payout ratio is always considered and considered carefully by businesses. The objective of this study is to propose a model and develop a research hypothesis so that investors and management can consider the factors affecting the dividend payout ratio. The article uses two research methods, which are the document review method and the meta-analysis method. The authors have proposed three theories including signal theory, agency cost theory, optimal capital structure theory and presented the results of outstanding studies. Analyzing the theoretical basis and reviewing the research, the authors have drawn the financial indicators that affect the dividend payout ratio, namely Current Ratio, Return on Assets, Total Assets Turn Over, Leverage Index. Combining these factors and proposing a new factor, Total Accrual on Total Assets, the authors have built a model of 5 independent variables, respectively Current Ratio, Return on Assets, Total Assets Turn Over, Leverage Index, Total Accrual on Total Assets and dependent variable Dividend Payout Ratio. The article also builds research hypotheses for independent and dependent variables. According to the hypothesis stated, these variables have an impact on the dividend payout ratio of the enterprise and when the independent variables increase, the dividend payout ratio will increase accordingly. The proposed model will be a means of supporting investors and the management board to have an appropriate plan to achieve efficiency for both parties in investment and production and business.
Determinant Factors on Audit Quality at the Inspectorate Office of South Sumatra Province
Authors:   Postgraduate student Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Jalan Padang Selasa, Indonesia, Islamabad Islamabad , Andriana Isni ,   Postgraduate student Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Jalan Padang Selasa, Indonesia, F. Kartasari Shelly ,   Postgraduate student Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Jalan Padang Selasa, Indonesia
Published: August 2023

The expected objective of this research is to examine empirical evidence regarding the influence of independence, integrity, editor ethics, experience, and audit time limits on audit quality at the Inspectorate Office of South Sumatra Province. The population in this study were all Civil Servants (PNS) as government internal control officers at the Inspectorate of South Sumatra Province, totaling 111 people, with sampling using saturated sampling so that all populations were sampled. The data analysis technique uses SEM PLS by testing the hypothesis by looking at the probability value and the t statistic. For the probability value, the p-value with an alpha of 5% is less than 0.05 and the t-table value for an alpha of 5% is 1.96. The results of the study show that the variables of independence, integrity, and auditor ethics have an effect on audit quality, while the variables of auditor experience and audit time limits have no effect on audit quality
Pengembangan Aplikasi Layanan Informasi Pers Menggunakan Agile (STUDI KASUS : PERS JEMPOL PNP PADANG)
Authors: Maharani Zelvia Olga , Purnomo Agus Sidiq
Published: August 2023

Websites have a very important role because they provide various information. Websites are useful to make it easier for someone to find information, ranging from obsolete to the latest information. Websites provide information that is up to date and currently being discussed. Therefore, we need a system to make it easier to provide information to readers. The system created is designed by using Agile where this methods is used for software development in the sort term. In addition, there is a method for sorting the most viewed data by using the MFEP ( Multifactoring Evaluation Process ) method.  This research can help information providers in providing information to readers quickly, well and in a more structured manner.
Sistem Pakar Diagnosis Masalah Kulit Yang Berbasis Web Dengan Metode Naive Bayes Classifier
Authors: Mawikere Caesar Iskandar
Published: August 2023

As we all know, the world of technology and information has become very advanced in recent years. This has led to numerous new ideas that make it easier for a person or organization to do their work and achieve their goals. Progress in technology and information greatly affects all areas, from culture and education to the economy, health, and even beauty. So, in this study, the researcher brought up a problem at a beauty clinic in Maguwoharjo, DIY, called Emila Aesthetic Solution. The problem is that consulting with patients is still done face-to-face. In other words, the clinic does not have a computerized system to help with consultations so that patients do not have to wait in line and can get treatment right away based on the results of their consultation. As a result, this study focused on developing an expert system to diagnose skin problems using the naïve Bayes classifier method.In this study, the system was made using the naïve Bayes classifier and the waterfall model for system development. The model was then coded into the system to be used. The goal of making this expert system was to make it easier for patients to get advice and for the clinic to handle patients.Based on the patient history data obtained, namely 20 patient data that experts have tested, this expert system, by implementing the naïve Bayes classifier method, yielded results indicating that the system's accuracy was 100 percent.