bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature dependence of phonon properties in CVD MoS2 nanostructures – a statistical approach
Authors: Judek Jarosław , Gertych Arkadiusz P. , Czerniak Karolina , Zdrojek Mariusz
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we report the results of Raman measurements on various molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanostructures grown by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method on a typical Si/SiO2 substrate.
Developing descriptors for CO2methanation and CO2reforming of CH4over Al2O3supported Ni and low-cost Ni based alloy catalysts
Authors: Ray Koustuv , Bhardwaj Rahul , Singh Bahadur , Deo Goutam
Published: May 2018

The catalytic performance of Ni can be modified by alloying with a suitable amount (25% of total metal loading) of another low-cost metal such as Fe, Co or Cu.
Detection of simple inorganic and organic molecules over Cu-decorated circumcoronene: a combined DFT and QTAIM study
Authors: Malček Michal , Bučinský Lukáš , Teixeira Filipe , Cordeiro M. Natália D. S.
Published: May 2018

Electronic structure, adsorption energies, PDOS & QTAIM analysis.
Dynamics of a 1D array of inhibitory coupled chemical oscillators in microdroplets with global negative feedback
Authors: Proskurkin Ivan S. , Vanag Vladimir K.
Published: May 2018

We have investigated the effect of global negative feedback (GNF) on the dynamics of a 1D array of water microdroplets (MDs) filled with the reagents of the photosensitive oscillatory Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction.
Activating Ru nanoparticles on oxide supports for ring-opening metathesis polymerization
Authors: Mantanona Alex J. , Wood Katelyn , Schrodi Yann , Garrett Simon J.
Published: May 2018

Proposed activation and synthesis of polynorbornene on Ru nanoparticles on metal oxide support particles (SiO2 shown).
Supramolecular arrays by the self-assembly of terpyridine-based monomers with transition metal ions
Authors: Xie Ting-Zheng , Yao Yuchen , Sun Xinyu , Endres Kevin J. , Zhu Shiying , Wu Xiaolei , Li Hui , Ludlow III James M. , Liu Tianbo , Gao Min , Moorefield Charles N. , Saunders Mary Jane , Wesdemiotis Chrys , Newkome George R.
Published: May 2018

Hierarchical construction of a highly ordered supramolecular array has been, in general, a challenge due to the complexation of building blocks and the hard-to-control weak interactions.
Structural and electrochemical studies of TiO2 complexes with (4,4′-((1E,1′E)-(2,5-bis(octyloxy)-1,4-phenylene)bis(ethene-2,1-diyl))bis-(E)-N-(2,5-bis(octyloxy)benzylidene)) imine derivative bases towards organic devices
Authors: Rozycka Anna , Iwan Agnieszka , Bogdanowicz Krzysztof Artur , Filapek Michal , Górska Natalia , Hreniak Agnieszka , Marzec Monika
Published: May 2018

The structural, thermal, optical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties were investigated to check the influence of TiO2 on the imine properties.
Adventures in boron chemistry – the prediction of novel ultra-flexible boron oxide frameworks
Authors: Allan Neil L. , Dale Harvey J. A. , Hart Judy N. , Claeyssens Frederik
Published: May 2018

We predict a wide range of ultra-flexible low-energy forms of boron oxides in which rigid B–O–B bridges link boron–oxygen heterocycles.
Facile synthesis and fabrication of a poly(ortho-anthranilic acid) emeraldine salt thin film for solar cell applications
Authors: Al-Hossainy A. F. , Kh. Thabet H. , Zoromba M. Sh. , Ibrahim A.
Published: May 2018

Schematic diagram of the Au/PANA-ES/p-Si/Al heterojunction device.
Novel insights into the effect of folate–albumin binding on the transport of ascorbic acid as an anticancer agent: chemometric analysis based on combined spectroscopic and electrochemical studies
Authors: Abbasi Saleheh , Gharaghani Sajjad , Benvidi Ali , Rezaeinasab Masoud
Published: May 2018

The electrochemical behavior of ascorbic acid and folic acid upon their interaction with albumin is investigated using electrochemical, chemometric and docking studies.
Strain, switching and fluorescence behavior of a nine-membered cyclic azobenzene
Authors: Saha Monochura , Ghosh Sanjib , Bandyopadhyay Subhajit
Published: May 2018

This work defines the smallest ring size for obtaining the trans form of cyclic azobenzene as the thermally stable form.
Chiral electrochemical recognition of tryptophan enantiomers at a multi-walled carbon nanotube–N-carboxymethyl chitosan composite-modified glassy carbon electrode
Authors: Li Zhenliang , Mo Zunli , Yan Pengji , Meng Shujuan , Wang Ruijuan , Niu Xiaohui , Liu Nijun , Guo Ruibin
Published: May 2018

A simple chiral electrochemical sensor based on N-carboxymethyl chitosan covalently binding with ethylenediamine-carboxylic multiwalled carbon nanotubes was developed for recognition of tryptophan enantiomers.
Palladium-catalyzed construction of amidines from arylsilanes in the absence of a ligand under oxidative conditions
Authors: Zhu Fengxiang , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: May 2018

An interesting palladium-catalyzed procedure for the synthesis of amidines from arylsilanes, isocyanides and amines has been developed.
Deciphering ion concentration polarization-based electrokinetic molecular concentration at the micro-nanofluidic interface: theoretical limits and scaling laws
Authors: Ouyang Wei , Ye Xinghui , Li Zirui , Han Jongyoon
Published: May 2018

Elucidating the mechanism of electrokinetic molecular concentration in terms of theoretical limits for the concentration factor and their scaling laws.
High performance capacitive deionization using modified ZIF-8-derived, N-doped porous carbon with improved conductivity
Authors: Li Yang , Kim Jeonghun , Wang Jie , Liu Nei-Ling , Bando Yoshio , Alshehri Abdulmohsen Ali , Yamauchi Yusuke , Hou Chia-Hung , Wu Kevin C.-W.
Published: May 2018

Zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) composite-derived carbon exhibiting large surface area and high micropore volume is demonstrated to be a promising electrode material for the capacitive deionization (CDI) application.
Simple construction of Cu2−xS:Pt nanoparticles as nanotheranostic agent for imaging-guided chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy of cancer
Authors: Dong Lile , Zhang Peng , Xu Xia , Lei Pengpeng , Du Kaimin , Zhang Manli , Wang Daguang , Feng Jing , Li Wei , Zhang Hongjie
Published: May 2018

X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging-guided chemo-photothermal synergistic therapy can be easily achieved by simple construction of Cu2−xS:Pt nanoparticles.
Morphology dependent near-field response in atomistic plasmonic nanocavities
Authors: Chen Xing , Jensen Lasse
Published: May 2018

We show the importance of field-gradient effects in plasmonic nanocavities.
A facile and processable integration strategy towards Schiff-base polymer-derived carbonaceous materials with high lithium storage performance
Authors: Xiao Zhichang , Han Junwei , Xiao Jing , Song Qi , Zhang Xinghao , Kong Debin , Yang Quan-Hong , Zhi Linjie
Published: May 2018

Anin-situconcentrated-solution induced polymerization strategy is introduced to form Schiff-base networks/graphene foam with homogeneous interface.
Aziridine based electrophilic handle for aspartic acid ligation
Authors: Bajaj Kiran , Agarwal Devesh S. , Sakhuja Rajeev , Pillai Girinath G.
Published: May 2018

A one-pot ligation strategy at aspartic acid junction has been described by incorporating aziridin-2,3-dicarboxylate to the N-side of a peptide fragment that ligates with a variety of small peptide thio acids to afford native peptides in good yields.
Mechanistic understanding of [Rh(NHC)]-catalyzed intramolecular [5 + 2] cycloadditions of vinyloxiranes and vinylcyclopropanes with alkynes
Authors: Zhou Huan , Wu Botao , Ma Jun-An , Dang Yanfeng
Published: May 2018

Rh-catalyzed hetero-[5 + 2] cycloaddition of vinyloxirane with alkyne occurs via oxidative alkyne–alkene cyclization, oxirane cleavage and reductive elimination, the first example where oxidative alkyne–alkene cyclization mechanism is preferred within Rh-catalyzed [5 + 2] cycloadditions.
Electron-poor arylenediimides
Authors: Kumar Sharvan , Shukla Jyoti , Kumar Yogendra , Mukhopadhyay Pritam
Published: May 2018

This review article highlights the emergence of eclectic molecular design principles to realize remarkably strong electron deficient arylenediimide molecules, aspects of their stability and associated applications.
Expedient synthesis of 9,10-phenanthrenes via LiOPiv-promoted and palladium-catalysed aryne annulation by vinyl triflates
Authors: Hu Jun-Tao , Zheng Bin , Chen Ying-Chun , Xiao Qing
Published: May 2018

An expedient synthesis of 9,10-phenanthrenes via LiOPiv-promoted and palladium-catalysed aryne annulation by vinyl triflates.
Reduction responsive and surface charge switchable polyurethane micelles with acid cleavable crosslinks for intracellular drug delivery
Authors: Zhao Lili , Liu Chang , Qiao Zhuangzhuang , Yao Yan , Luo Jianbin
Published: May 2018

Previously we synthesized redox sensitive polyurethane micelles, core crosslinked by diisocyanates (PU-CCL).
Selective ultrasound contrast enhancement in the tumor by nanocapsules with perfluorooctylbromide: effect of PLGA–PEG proportion
Authors: Wang Zheng , Ding Jinsong , Ma Xiaoqian , Luo Shengjuan
Published: May 2018

Effects of different PLGA–PEG proportion on nanoparticles' morphology, elastic modulus, mononuclear cell uptake rate and ultrasound contrast enhancement.
Retracted Article: Overexpression of PCDH8 inhibits proliferation and invasion, and induces apoptosis in papillary thyroid cancer cells
Authors: Chang Liang , Hu Zhuang , Zhou Zhenyu , Zhang Hui
Published: May 2018

Protocadherin8 (PCDH8), a member of the protocadherin (PCDH) family, is involved in the progression of several types of cancers.
A hybrid electric field assisted vacuum membrane distillation method to mitigate membrane fouling
Authors: Huang Qinglin , Liu Huan , Wang Yafeng , Xiao Changfa
Published: May 2018

EVMD with a PTFE electro-catalytic membrane can effectively mitigate membrane fouling.
Sensitive detection of free bilirubin in blood serum using β-diketone modified europium-doped yttrium oxide nanosheets as a luminescent sensor
Authors: Yang Wei , Xia Jinfeng , Zhou Guohong , Jiang Danyu , Li Qiang
Published: May 2018

Free bilirubin, when present in excess in the human body, can cause a multitude of diseases and disorders and even be fatal; hence, detecting it is of paramount importance.
iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of dark-germinated soybeans in response to salt stress
Authors: Yin Yongqi , Qi Fei , Gao Lu , Rao Shengqi , Yang Zhenquan , Fang Weiming
Published: May 2018

iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms of dark-germinated soybeans in response to salt stress.
Extraordinary water adsorption characteristics of graphene oxide
Authors: Lian B. , De Luca S. , You Y. , Alwarappan S. , Yoshimura M. , Sahajwalla V. , Smith S. C. , Leslie G. , Joshi R. K.
Published: May 2018

The laminated structure of graphene oxide (GO) confers unique interactions with water molecules which may be utilised in a range of applications that require materials with tuneable hygroscopic properties.
Norbornene chaotropic salts as low molecular mass ionic organogelators (LMIOGs)
Authors: Engstrom Jordan R. , Savyasachi Aramballi J. , Parhizkar Marzieh , Sutti Alessandra , Hawes Chris S. , White Jonathan M. , Gunnlaugsson Thorfinnur , Pfeffer Frederick M.
Published: May 2018

A humble norbornene functions as an ionic organogelator, forms aqueous biphasic and triphasic systems and assembles to form chiral helices.
Electrostatics and Soft Matter: a Themed Collection in memory of Per Linse
Authors: Likos Christos N. , Stenhammar Joakim
Published: May 2018

Christos N. Likos and Joakim Stenhammar introduce this themed collection in Soft Matter on electrostatics and soft matter, in memory of Per Linse.
Electrolyte-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of holey graphene films for all-solid-state supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Daoqing , Li Qianwei , Zhao Huazhang
Published: May 2018

Fabrication of holey reduced graphene oxide films with oxygen-containing groups and their application for all-solid-state supercapacitors.
Truncated hexagonal bi-pyramidal gallium ferrite nanocrystals: integration of structural details with visible-light photo-activity and self-cleaning properties
Authors: Mishra Monali , Mukherjee Indrani , Mall Ashish Kumar , Mitra Arijit , Dash Sukalyan , Chatterjee Sriparna , Mukherjee Somdutta , Roy Amritendu
Published: May 2018

THBP-GFO nanocrystals with novel structural symmetry demonstrate impressive self-cleaning property.
Mussel adhesive protein fused with VE-cadherin domain specifically triggers endothelial cell adhesion
Authors: Yang Dongchuan , Qiu Juhui , Xu Ning , Zhao Yinping , Li Tianhan , Ma Qinfeng , Huang Junli , Wang Guixue
Published: May 2018

A bioactive material based on mussel adhesive protein Mfp-5 fused with VE-cadherin extracellular domain specifically enhances the adhesion of endothelial cells.
A mineral layer as an effective binder to achieve strong bonding between a hydrogel and a solid titanium substrate
Authors: Zhao Zhitong , Gao Weiwei , Bai Hao
Published: May 2018

This study has developed an effective strategy to bind a hydrogel with solid titanium by forming a CaCO3 layer at their interface.
Development of oxide heteroepitaxy for soft technology
Authors: Wu Ping-Chun , Chu Ying-Hao
Published: May 2018

Soft technology has been an emerging field since flexible and wearable electronics started flourishing.
High-performance ternary polymer solar cells using wide-bandgap biaxially extended octithiophene-based conjugated polymers
Authors: Tsai Chang-Hung , Su Yu-An , Lin Po-Chen , Shih Chien-Chung , Wu Hung-Chin , Chen Wen-Chang , Chueh Chu-Chen
Published: May 2018

A new wide-bandgap (Eg) material design for realizing efficient ternary BHJ systems is manifested herein by using p-type biaxially extended thiophene-based alternating copolymers as the third photoactive component.
High-accuracy measurement of the crystalline orientation of anisotropic two-dimensional materials using photothermal detection
Authors: Gao Xiaoguang , Chen Guoxing , Li Dekang , Li Xiaokuan , Liu Zhibo , Tian Jianguo
Published: May 2018

PTD overcomes typical challenges associated with transparent substrates, including insulating and rough surfaces, and enables the unambiguous identification of crystalline orientation.
Leader‐following guaranteed performance consensus for second‐order multi‐agent systems with and without communication delays
Authors: Yu Shuzhen , Yu Zhiyong , Jiang Haijun , Hu Cheng
Published: May 2018

The leader‐following guaranteed‐performance consensus problems for second‐order multi‐agent systems with and without communication time delays are investigated, where a guaranteed performance function is proposed to consider the consensus regulation performance. For the case without the time delay, the coupling gain and pinning strength are carefully considered. When the time delays exist in the communication, we find that the inequality (Seuret and Gouaisbaut) cannot be used to investigate the consensus problems proposed in the study since the obtained conditions cannot be satisfied. Therefore, Jensen's inequality and Newton–Leibniz formula, which can solve this issue well, are introduced. By using the state space decomposition approach, linear matrix inequality and Lyapunov stability theory, some sufficient conditions are derived for achieving the guaranteed performance consensus. Moreover, the upper bound of the performance function is determined. Finally, two examples are shown to verify the validity of the theoretical results.
Robust tuning of transient droop gains based on Kharitonov's stability theorem in droop‐controlled microgrids
Authors: Dehkordi Nima Mahdian , Sadati Nasser , Hamzeh Mohsen
Published: May 2018

This study addresses the robust stability analysis for an islanded microgrid with droop‐controlled inverter‐based distributed generators (DGs). Owing to large load changes, microgrid structure reconfiguration, and higher‐power demands, the low‐frequency (LF) dominant modes of a microgrid stir toward unstable zone and make the system more oscillatory or even unstable. In this study, a robust two‐degree‐of‐freedom (2DOF) decentralised droop controller, which is the combination of the conventional droop with a robust transient droop function, is utilised for each inverter‐based DG unit. Unlike conventional tuning of 2DOF droop controllers, a new design procedure is proposed to robustly determine the transient droop gains to effectively damp the LF oscillatory modes of the islanded microgrid irrespective of disturbances, equilibrium point variations, and uncertain parameters of a microgrid. To mitigate the LF power oscillations at different microgrid conditions, inspired by Kharitonov's stability theorem, a robust D‐stability analysis is performed to determine the specific ranges of the transient droop gains to provide a robustness margin for the disturbances, equilibrium point variations, and uncertain parameters of the islanded microgrid. Finally, digital time‐domain simulation studies are performed in MATLAB/SimPowerSystems software environment to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Identifying activities and trips with GPS data
Authors: Fang Zong , Jian‐yu Lv , Jin‐jun Tang , Xiao Wang , Fei Gao
Published: May 2018

This study designs a process for identifying trips and activities based on global positioning system (GPS) survey data. The proposed identification process is composed of four steps, namely determining status segments, detecting activities, identifying trips, and recognising short‐time activities. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm shows a high level of identification accuracy compared with the travel diaries reported in the paper‐form travel survey. By providing the identification method of the short‐time activities, this study resolves the problem of overlooking short‐time activities in conventional travel surveys and increases the accuracy of trip detection. This work also facilitates the study of the spatial and temporal distributions of short‐time activities related to travel behaviours such as temporary parking. By proposing a method for identifying trips and activities from GPS data, the findings provide a research scheme for detecting other travel information based on GPS data such as travel mode and trip purpose, reasonable decisions for urban transportation planning and management.
Compact microstrip dual‐band bandpass filter and quad‐channel diplexer based on quint‐mode stub‐loaded resonators
Authors: Chen Chi‐Feng , Wang Guo‐Yun , Li Jhong‐Jhen
Published: May 2018

Novel compact microstrip quint‐mode multi‐stub‐loaded resonator has been investigated. Meanwhile, its applications to the dual‐band bandpass filter (BPF) and quad‐channel diplexer have also been proposed. The proposed dual‐band BPF is constructed by a single quint‐mode resonator, leading to a very small circuit size. Herein, the first three resonant modes are used to form the first passband, while the other two are used to form the second passband. Besides, the proposed quad‐channel diplexer is constructed by two different quint‐mode resonators, which also occupies a very small circuit size. In this diplexer design, one of the quint‐mode resonator is used to realise the passbands for channels 1 and 3, and the other one is used to realise the passbands for channels 2 and 4. For demonstration, a dual‐band BPF operating at 0.9 and 2.2 GHz with a size of 0.17λg × 0.23λg and a quad‐channel diplexer operating at 0.9, 1.45, 2.1, and 2.7 GHz with a size of 0.28λg × 0.23λg have been designed, fabricated, and measured. The electromagnetic simulated and measured results are in good agreement.
Interpolation strategy for broadband evaluation of characteristic modes
Authors: Su Donglin , Yang Zhao , Wu Qi
Published: May 2018

An interpolation algorithm of the eigenvalues and eigencurrents (eigenpairs) is proposed in this study to accelerate the broadband evaluation of characteristic modes. A bowtie antenna, an aircraft and a spherical shell are selected for numerical verification. To improve the stability and accuracy of the interpolation algorithm, a sampling scheme integrating non‐uniform frequency step (NUFS) into adaptive mode tracking is adopted. For comparison, the same problems are computed also by the method of moments (MoM) and a uniform frequency step (UFS) interpolation scheme. It is found that the interpolated eigenvalues and eigenpatterns by the NUFS scheme are very close to those by MoM while the ones by the UFS scheme yield larger deviations. The peak memory and computation time have been also studied. Compared with the computation by MoM, the memory consumed by the interpolation with NUFS is less and up to 80% of the computational time can be saved.
The ‘blind spot’ of agricultural research: Labour flexibility, composition and worker availability in the South West of England
Authors: Nye Caroline
Published: May 2018

Agriculture in the UK faces a number of long-term challenges as the global marketplace continues to expand, world population grows, and an increasing pressure is exerted upon natural resources. It needs to ensure its place as a competitive, resilient, and environmentally sustainable industry both locally and in the global arena. A key constraint which ties in with all of the above is the availability of labour. Both governmental departments in their statistical analyses of agriculture in the country, as well as academic research, largely ignore the existence of certain actors performing farm labour who are not the farmer, particularly agricultural contractors, and as a result, have missed the emergence of significant patterns occurring within the farm workforce. Accuracy of data concerning labour use in agriculture has, therefore, been extremely limited. This paper identifies the composition of labour on farm holdings in the South West of England today and recognises the increasing prevalence of flexible labour sources. It determines both current and anticipated future staffing needs of the holdings studied, which provides an indicator as to the gravity of agriculture’s labour crisis in the South West.
Nuclear Physics Research at ELI-NP
Authors: Zamfir N.V.
Published: May 2018

The new research facility Extreme Light Infrastructure – Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) is under construction in Romania, on the Magurele Physics campus. Valued more than 300 Meuros the center will be operational in 2019. The research center will use a high brilliance Gamma Beam and a High-power Laser beam, with unprecedented characteristics worldwide, to investigate the interaction of very intense radiation with matter with specific focus on nuclear phenomena and their applications. The energetic particle beams and radiation produced by the 2x10 PW laser beam interacting with matter will be studied. The precisely tunable energy and excellent bandwidth of the gamma-ray beam will allow for new experimental approaches regarding nuclear astrophysics, nuclear resonance fluorescence, and applications. The experimental equipment is presented, together with the main directions of the research envisioned with special emphasizes on nuclear physics studies.
The Majorana Demonstrator Status and Preliminary Results
Authors: Yu C.-H. , Alvis S.I. , Arnquist I.J. , Avignone F.T. , Barabash A.S. , Barton C.J. , Bertrand F.E. , Bode T. , Brudanin V. , Busch M. , Buuck M. , Caldwell T.S. , Chan Y.-D. , Christofferson C.D. , Chu P.-H. , Cuesta C. , Detwiler J.A. , Dunagan C. , Efremenko Yu , Ejiri H. , Elliott S.R. , Gilliss T. , Giovanetti G.K. , Green M. , Gruszko J. , Guinn I.S. , Guiseppe V.E. , Haufe C.R. , Hehn L. , Henning R. , Hoppe E.W. , Howe M.A. , Keeter K.J. , Kidd M.F. , Konovalov S.I. , Kouzes R.T. , Lopez A.M. , Martin R.D. , Massarczyk R. , Meijer S.J. , Mertens S. , Myslik J. , Othman G. , Pettus W. , Poon A.W.P. , Radford D.C. , Rager J. , Reine A.L. , Rielage K. , Ruof N.W. , Shanks B. , Shirchenko M. , Suriano A.M. , Tedeschi D. , Varner R.L. , Vasilyev S. , Vetter K. , Vorren K. , White B.R. , Wilkerson J.F. , Wiseman C. , Xu W. , Yakushev E. , Yumatov V. , Zhitnikov I. , Zhu B.Z.
Published: May 2018

The Majorana Collaboration is using an array of high-purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay in 76Ge. Searches for neutrinoless double-beta decay are understood to be the only viable experimental method for testing the Majorana nature of the neutrino. Observation of this decay would imply violation of lepton number, that neutrinos are Majorana in nature, and provide information on the neutrino mass. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of p-type point-contact Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in 76Ge) surrounded by a low-background shield system. The experiment achieved a high efficiency of converting raw Ge material to detectors and an unprecedented detector energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Qββ. The Majorana collaboration began taking physics data in 2016. This paper summarizes key construction aspects of the Demonstrator and shows preliminary results from initial data.
Probing the structure of the stable Xe isotopes with inelastic neutron scattering
Authors: E. Peters Erin , J. Ross Timothy , P. Crider Benjamin , W. Yates Steven
Published: May 2018

The stable isotopes of xenon, which have attracted interest for a number of reasons, span a transitional region that evolves from γ-soft structures for the lighter mass isotopes to nearly spherical 136Xe with a closed neutron shell. The nature of this transition, which is gradual, is not well understood. To provide detailed spectroscopic information on the Xe isotopes, we have studied 130,132,134,136Xe at the University of Kentucky Accelerator Laboratory using inelastic neutron scattering and γ-ray detection. These measurements yielded γ-ray angular distributions, branching ratios, multipole mixing ratios, and level lifetimes (from the Doppler-shift attenuation method), which allowed the determination of reduced transition probabilities and provided insight into the structure of these nuclei.
New developments in reaction theory: preparing for the FRIB era
Authors: Nunes F.M. , Capel P.C. , Elster Ch. , Hlophe L. , Lei Jin , Li Weichuan , Lovell A.E. , Potel G. , Rotureau J. , Poxon-Pearson T.
Published: May 2018

This is a brief report on the progress made towards an exact theory for (d,p) on heavy nuclei, which is important to determine neutron capture rates for r-process nuclei. We first discuss the role of core excitation in the framework of Faddeev equations. Following that, we provide the status of the Faddeev theory being developed in the Coulomb basis with separable interactions. We then present some recent developments on nonlocal nucleon optical potentials. Finally, the progress on the theory transfer to the continuum is summarized.
Neutron capture cross section of 185Re leading to ground and isomer states of 186Re in the keV-neutron energy region
Authors: Katabuchi T. , Takebe K. , Umezawa S. , Fujioka R. , Saito T. , Igashira M.
Published: May 2018

The neutron capture cross section of 185Re was measured in the astrophysically important energy region. Measurements were made using a neutron beam from a 7Li(p,n)7Be neutron source with energies ranging from 3 to 90 keV. Two different experimental techniques, time-of-flight (TOF) and activation methods, were employed. In the TOF experiments, the total neutron capture cross section of 185Re was determined by the pulse-height weighting technique. In the activation method, the partial capture cross section leading to the ground state of 186Re was measured by detecting decay γ-rays from neutron activated samples. The present cross section values were compared with evaluated cross section data and previous measurements. The difference between the TOF and activation results was smaller than experimental uncertainties. This suggests that the production cross section of isomer states of 186Re is very small.
Analogous Gamow-Teller and M1 Transitions in Tz = ±½ Mirror Nuclei and in Tz = ±1, 0 Triplet Nuclei relevant to Low-energy Super GT state
Authors: Fujita Yoshitaka , Fujita Hirohiko , Tanumura Yusuke
Published: May 2018

Nuclei have spin- and isospin-degrees of freedom. Therefore, Gamow-Teller (GT) transitions caused by the στ operator (spin-isospin operator) are unique tools for the studies of nuclear structure as well as nuclear interactions. They can be studied in β decays as well as charge-exchange (CE) reactions. Similarly, M1 γ decays are mainly caused by the στ operator. Combined studies of these transitions caused by Weak, Strong, and Electro-Magnetic interactions provide us a deeper understanding of nuclear spin-isospin-type transitions. We first compare the strengths of analogous GT and M1 transitions in the A = 27, Tz = ±½ mirror nuclei 27Al and 27Si. The comparison is extended to the Tz = ±1, 0 nuclei. The strength of GT transition from the ground state (g.s.) of 42Ca to the 0.611 MeV first Jπ = 1+ state in 42Sc is compared with that of the analogous M1 transition from the 0.611 MeV state to the T = 1, 0+ g.s. (isobaric analog state: IAS) in 42Sc. The 0.611 MeV state has the property of Low-energy Super GT (LeSGT) state, because it carries the main part of the GT strength of all available transitions from the g.s. of 42Ca (and 42Ti) to the Jπ = 1+ GT states in 42Sc.
Partial dynamical symmetry and the vibrational structure of Cd isotopes
Authors: Leviatan A. , Gavrielov N. , García-Ramos J.E. , Van Isacker P.
Published: May 2018

The recently reported deviations of selected non-yrast states in 110Cd from the expected sphericalvibrator behaviour, is addressed by means of an Hamiltonian with U(5) partial dynamical symmetry. The latter preserves the U(5) symmetry in a segment of the spectrum and breaks it in other states. The effect of intruder states is treated in the framework of the interacting boson model with configuration mixing.
Isospin Conservation in Neutron Rich Systems of Heavy Nuclei
Authors: Jain Ashok Kumar , Garg Swati
Published: May 2018

It is generally believed that isospin would diminish in its importance as we go towards heavy mass region due to isospin mixing caused by the growing Coulomb forces. However, it was realized quite early that isospin could become an important and useful quantum number for all nuclei including heavy nuclei due to neutron richness of the systems [1]. Lane and Soper [2] also showed in a theoretical calculation that isospin indeed remains quite good in heavy mass neutron rich systems. In this paper, we present isospin based calculations [3, 4] for the fission fragment distributions obtained from heavy-ion fusion fission reactions. We discuss in detail the procedure adopted to assign the isospin values and the role of neutron multiplicity data in obtaining the total fission fragment distributions. We show that the observed fragment distributions can be reproduced rather reasonably well by the calculations based on the idea of conservation of isospin. This is a direct experimental evidence of the validity of isospin in heavy nuclei, which arises largely due to the neutron-rich nature of heavy nuclei and their fragments. This result may eventually become useful for the theories of nuclear fission and also in other practical applications.
Gamma Strength Functions and Level Densities from High-Resolution Proton Scattering under 0°
Authors: von Neumann-Cosel Peter , Bassauer Sergej , Martin Dirk , Tamii Atsushi
Published: May 2018

Inelastic proton scattering at energies of a few 100 MeV and forward angles including 0° provides a novel method to measure gamma strength functions (GSF) in nuclei in an energy range of about 5 – 20 MeV. The experiments provide not only the E1 but also the M1 part of the GSF. The latter is poorly known in heavy nuclei. Comparison with gamma decay data (e.g. from the Oslo method) allows to test the generalised Brink-Axel (BA) hypothesis in the energy region of the pygmy dipole resonance (PDR) crucial for the modelling of (n,γ) and (γ,n) reactions in astrophysical reaction networks. From the two test cases studied, 208Pb remains inconclusive in the energy region of the PDR because of large Porter-Thomas fluctuations due to the small level density (LD), while the BA hypothesis seems to hold in case of 96Mo. A fluctuation analysis of the high-resolution data also provides a direct measure of the LD in the energy region of the isovector giant dipole resonance (IVGDR) well above the neutron threshold, where hardly any experimental information is available. This permits an independent test of the decomposition of GSF and LD in Oslo-type experiments.
Stadtteildeprivation und Lebensmittelumwelt: Zusammenhänge von sozialen und baulichen Merkmalen der Wohnumgebung und Lebensmittelverfügbarkeit
Authors: Latawitz Toni , Spielau Ulrike , Lipek Tobias , Gausche Ruth , Lück Martina , Kiess Wieland , Grande Gesine , Igel Ulrike
Published: May 2018

Ziel der Studie Ernährungsgewohnheiten werden maßgeblich durch den individuellen Sozialstatus beeinflusst. Unklar ist, welcher Zusammenhang zwischen der Wohnumgebung und Lebensmittelverfügbarkeit besteht. Ziel der Studie war es, die Lebensmittelumwelt in sozial und baulich verschiedenen Stadtteilen zu untersuchen.

Methodik Anhand offizieller Daten der Stadt Leipzig wurden 3 exemplarische Stadtteile ausgewählt, die sich hinsichtlich ihrer sozialen (2 depriviert, 1 privilegiert) und baulichen Struktur (2 Altbau, 1 Plattenbau) unterscheiden. Über Feldbeobachtungen wurden alle Lebensmittelanbieter kartiert und kategorisiert.

Ergebnisse Soziale und bauliche Merkmale sind mit der Lebensmittelverfügbarkeit assoziiert. Der Anteil an Fast-Food-Anbietern ist in den deprivierten Gebieten mehr als doppelt so hoch als im privilegierten Vergleichsgebiet (25%, 30,4% vs. 13,5%). Altbauquartiere verfügen über eine 70% höhere Angebotsvielfalt als das Plattenbaugebiet.

Schlussfolgerung Die erhöhte Verfügbarkeit von ungesunden Lebensmitteln in deprivierten Gebieten kann zur Entstehung von Adipositas beitragen. Präventionsmaßnahmen sollten den räumlichen und sozialen Kontext berücksichtigen.
Die Rolle der elektiven Neck dissection bei Salvage Laryngektomie – eine retrospektive Analyse
Authors: Hussain Timon , Kanaan Oliver , Höing Benedikt , Dominas Nina , Lang Stephan , Mattheis Stefan
Published: May 2018

Im Rahmen der Salvage Laryngektomie (SLE) bei Rezidivkarzinomen des Larynx und Hypopharynx wird häufig, wie bei der primären Laryngektomie (LE), eine elektive
beidseitige Neck dissection durchgeführt. Der therapeutische Nutzen muss angesichts des potentiell höheren Morbiditätsrisikos nach definitiver
Radiochemotherapie gegenüber den Risiken abgewogen werden.

In einer retrospektiven Analyse wurden onkologische Parameter von Patienten erfasst, welche bei Rezidivkarzinomen des Larynx und Hypopharynx nach primärer
Radiochemotherapie eine SLE mit beidseitiger Neck dissection erhielten. Zum Vergleich wurden Daten von Patienten mit primärer LE und beidseitiger Neck
dissection bei Larynx- und Hypopharynxkarzinomen erfasst.

19 Patienten mit SLE und 83 Patienten mit LE wurden in die Analyse eingeschlossen. Bei der Mehrzahl der Patienten waren sowohl das initiale Tumorstadium als auch
das Rezidiv-Tumorstadium vor SLE fortgeschritten. Vor SLE wiesen 5 % der Patienten (n = 1) klinisch metastasensuspekte Lymphknoten auf, vor LE 47 % (n = 39).
Bei 17 % (n = 14) der Patienten mit LE wurden okkulte Lymphknotenmetastasen nachgewiesen, bei SLE lediglich bei 5 % der Patienten (n = 1). Insgesamt ergab sich
ein pN+ -Stadium in 55 % (LE, n = 44) bzw. 10 % (SLE, n = 2) der Fälle. Die Gesamtzahl der entfernten Lymphknoten bei LE war höher als bei SLE (37,3 vs. 18,7, p
< 0,001). Das 5-Jahres-Gesamtüberleben der Patienten lag nach LE bei 50,0 %, nach SLE bei 33,3 %.

Patienten, welche bei Rezidivkarzinomen des Larynx oder Hypopharynx nach primärer Bestrahlung eine SLE erhalten, weisen selten Lymphknotenmetastasen auf. Dennoch
kommt es in Einzelfällen zu einer okkulten Metastasierung. Bei der Planung der letzten kurativen Therapieoption sollte dies in Betracht gezogen werden.
Small Step Frequency Changes Due to Footwear Condition Have No Effect on Running Economy
Authors: Warne Joe , Moran Kieran , Warrington Giles
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study is to examine if small increases to step frequency associated with minimal footwear can influence Running Economy (RE). Twelve club-level runners with eight weeks of minimal footwear experience were recruited (age, 41±9 years; stature, 177.2±10.4 cm; body mass, 72.6±10.2 kg; V˙O2max, 52.1±7.5 mL·min−1·kg−1). Two 6-min RE tests, one in minimal footwear and one in conventional running shoes were performed at 11 km·h−1. Two more 6-min tests were completed during which step frequency was controlled using a metronome at the cadence of the opposite footwear condition (RErevSF). Comparisons were completed between the same footwear using repeated measures ANCOVA. The increase in step frequency for minimal footwear vs. conventional running shoes was 7.3±2.3 steps per minute (3.9% difference; 95% CI of difference [5.87 to 8.80 steps/min]; p≤0.001; Cohen’s d=0.70). No significant differences were identified between RE and RErevSF for minimal footwear (40.72±4.08 vs. 41.09±4.19 mL·min−1·kg−1; 95% CI of difference [–1.71 to 0.97]; p=0.55; Cohen’s d=0.09), or conventional running shoes (42.04±4.68 vs. 41.74±5.09 mL·min−1·kg−1; 95% CI of difference [–0.78 to 1.37]; p=0.55; Cohen’s d=0.06). Small changes in step frequency (~4%) did not have any significant impact on RE.
Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Dimerization of 2-Oxindoles under Base-Free Conditions
Authors: Wei Wen-Ting , Huang Yi-Ling , Bao Wen-Hui , Ying Wei-Wei , Chen Wei-Ting , Gao Le-Han , Wang Xin-Ye , Chen Gan-Ping , Ge Guo-Ping
Published: May 2018

A practical copper-catalyzed oxidative dimerization of 2-oxindoles using di-tert-butyl peroxide as the radical initiator under base-free conditions was achieved, which not only provided an efficient route to prepare various 3,3′-bioxindoles, but also represented a simple strategy for C(sp3)–H functionalization/C–C bond formation. A radical mechanism was proposed based on the reaction results and controlling experiments.
Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Natural Products via Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions
Authors: Gong Jianxian , Yang Zhen , Gu Yueqing , Tan Ceheng
Published: May 2018

This account describes our group’s latest research in the field of diversity-oriented synthesis of natural products via gold-catalyzed cascade reactions. We present two general strategies based on gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization: a gold-catalyzed cascade reaction of 1,7-diynes and a pinacol-terminated gold-catalyzed cascade reaction. We highlight our development of synthetic methods for the construction of biologically active natural products by using these two strategies.

1 Introduction

2 Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Reactions of 1,7-Diynes

2.1 Collective Synthesis of C15 Oxygenated Drimane-Type Sesquiterpenoids

2.2 Synthesis of Left-Wing Fragment of Azadirachtin I

2.3 Collective Synthesis of Cladiellins

3 Pinacol-Terminated Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction

3.1 Asymmetric Formal Total Synthesis of (+)-Cortistatins

3.2 Total Synthesis of Orientalol F

3.3 Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (–)-Farnesiferol C

4 Summary and Outlook
Lipoprotein Profile Modifications during Gestation: A Current Approach to Cardiovascular risk surrogate markers and Maternal-fetal Unit Complications
Authors: Santos Ana Paula Caires dos , Couto Ricardo David
Published: May 2018

Several changes occur in lipid metabolism during gestation due to hormonal and metabolic changes, which are essential to satisfy the nutritional demands of the maternal-fetal unit development. The gestation shows two distinct periods that begin with fat accumulation, mainly in maternal adipose tissue, and the late phase, characterized by accelerated catabolism, with the increase of fatty acids in the circulation that causes hyperlipidemia, especially the one characterized as hypertriglyceridemia. Maternal hyperlipidemia may be associated with the development of maternal-fetal complications (preterm birth, preeclampsia, vascular complications) and the development of long-term cardiovascular disease. The cardiovascular risk may not only be related to lipoproteins cholesterol content, but also to the number and functionality of circulating lipoprotein particles. This review reports the major changes that occur in lipoprotein metabolism during pregnancy and that are associated with the development of dyslipidemias, lipoprotein atherogenic phenotype, and maternal-fetal unit complications.
Symptom Similarity versus Disease Similarity: Revisiting the Application of the Law of Similars and Challenging the Symptom-Centric Approach in Homeopathy
Authors: Shah Rajesh
Published: May 2018

The system of homeopathic medicine is based on the Law of Similars. It is often implied by students and practitioners of homeopathy that the fundamental principle suggests that if the substance is capable of producing certain ‘symptoms’, it can also remove, treat, or ‘annihilate’ similar symptoms if the same substance is administered in a small dose. Hahnemann clearly highlights the importance of pathogenesis or ‘disease-producing power’, and not just the symptoms-producing power, as a part of the ‘totality of the disease’. The author perceives the need for a rectification in the symptom-centric approach in homeopathy. The pathogenesis of disease includes the mechanisms and the cause, which are more complete than the consideration of mere symptoms. Thus, the fundamental approach needs to be extended beyond the symptoms' similarity to the disease-pathogenesis similarity. Several clinical examples are given based on the imaginary expansion that is constructed on the ‘mind’ symptoms without the inclusion of the pathogenesis of the medicinal substance, suggesting the limitations and the risks to homeopathy of a purely symptom-centric approach.
Mirror Syndrome assocciated with Patau Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Pais Ana Sofia , Areia Ana Luísa Fialho Amaral de , Franco Sofia Margarida Perienes , Fonseca Etelvina Morais Ferreira , Moura José Paulo Achando Silva
Published: May 2018

Mirror syndrome is an unusual pathological condition in which maternal edema in pregnancy is seen in association with severe fetal and/or placental hydrops. The disease can be life-threatening for both the mother and the fetus. The pathogenesis is poorly understood, and may be confused with preeclampsia, even though distinguishing features can be identified. We report a rare case of mirror syndrome with maternal pulmonary edema associated with fetal hydrops due to Patau syndrome.
Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia after Ectopic Molar Pregnancy: Clinical, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Aspects
Authors: López Consuelo Lozoya , Lopes Vania Gloria Silami , Resende Fabiana Rodrigues , Steim Jessica Lara , Padrón Lilian , Sun Sue Yazaki , Araujo Júnior Edward , Braga Antonio
Published: May 2018

This report presents the case of a patient with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia after a partial hydatidiform mole formed in the Fallopian tube. Ectopic molar pregnancy is a rare condition, with an estimated incidence of 1 in every 20,000 to 100,000 pregnancies; less than 300 cases of it have been reported in the Western literature. The present report is important because it presents current diagnostic criteria for this rare condition, which has been incorrectly diagnosed in the past, not only morphologically but also immunohistochemically. It also draws the attention of obstetricians to the occurrence of ectopic molar pregnancy, which tends to progress to Fallopian tube rupture more often than in cases of ectopic non-molar pregnancy. Progression to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia ensures that patients with ectopic molar pregnancy must undergo postmolar monitoring, which must be just as thorough as that of patients with intrauterine hydatidiform moles, even if chemotherapy results in high cure rates.
E × B electron drift instability in Hall thrusters: Particle-in-cell simulations vs. theory
Authors: Boeuf J. P. , Garrigues L.
Published: May 2018

The E × B Electron Drift Instability (E × B EDI), also called Electron Cyclotron Drift Instability, has been observed in recent particle simulations of Hall thrusters and is a possible candidate to explain anomalous electron transport across the magnetic field in these devices. This instability is characterized by the development of an azimuthal wave with wavelength in the mm range and velocity on the order of the ion acoustic velocity, which enhances electron transport across the magnetic field. In this paper, we study the development and convection of the E × B EDI in the acceleration and near plume regions of a Hall thruster using a simplified 2D axial-azimuthal Particle-In-Cell simulation. The simulation is collisionless and the ionization profile is not-self-consistent but rather is given as an input parameter of the model. The aim is to study the development and properties of the instability for different values of the ionization rate (i.e., of the total ion production rate or current) and to compare the results with the theory. An important result is that the wavelength of the simulated azimuthal wave scales as the electron Debye length and that its frequency is on the order of the ion plasma frequency. This is consistent with the theory predicting destruction of electron cyclotron resonance of the E × B EDI in the non-linear regime resulting in the transition to an ion acoustic instability. The simulations also show that for plasma densities smaller than under nominal conditions of Hall thrusters the field fluctuations induced by the E × B EDI are no longer sufficient to significantly enhance electron transport across the magnetic field, and transit time instabilities develop in the axial direction. The conditions and results of the simulations are described in detail in this paper and they can serve as benchmarks for comparisons between different simulation codes. Such benchmarks would be very useful to study the role of numerical noise (numerical noise can also be responsible to the destruction of electron cyclotron resonance) or the influence of the period of the azimuthal domain, as well as to reach a better and consensual understanding of the physics.
Brillouin lasing in coupled silica toroid microcavities
Authors: Honda Yoshihiro , Yoshiki Wataru , Tetsumoto Tomohiro , Fujii Shun , Furusawa Kentaro , Sekine Norihiko , Tanabe Takasumi
Published: May 2018

We demonstrate stimulated Brillouin scattering lasing in a strongly coupled microcavity system. By coupling two silica toroid microcavities, we achieve large mode splitting of 11 GHz, whose frequency separation matches the Brillouin frequency shift of silica. The stimulated Brillouin scattering light is resonantly amplified by pumping at the higher frequency side of the supermode splitting resonance. Since the mode splitting is adjusted by changing the gap distance between the two cavities, our system does not require precise control of a mm-sized cavity diameter to match the free-spectral spacing with the Brillouin frequency shift. It also allows us to use a small cavity, and hence, our system has the potential to achieve the lasing threshold at a very low power.
Anomalous spin Hall magnetoresistance in Pt/Co bilayers
Authors: Kawaguchi Masashi , Towa Daiki , Lau Yong-Chang , Takahashi Saburo , Hayashi Masamitsu
Published: May 2018

We have studied the spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR), the magnetoresistance within the plane transverse to the current flow, of Pt/Co bilayers. We find that the SMR increases with increasing Co thickness: the effective spin Hall angle for bilayers with thick Co exceeds the reported values of Pt when a conventional drift-diffusion model is used. An extended model including spin transport within the Co layer cannot account for the large SMR. To identify its origin, contributions from other sources are studied. For most bilayers, the SMR increases with decreasing temperature and increasing magnetic field, indicating that magnon-related effects in the Co layer play little role. Without the Pt layer, we do not observe the large SMR found for the Pt/Co bilayers with thick Co. Implementing the effect of the so-called interface magnetoresistance and the textured induced anisotropic scattering cannot account for the Co thickness dependent SMR. Since the large SMR is present for W/Co but its magnitude reduces in W/CoFeB, we infer that its origin is associated with a particular property of Co.