bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effecten van de COVID-19-lockdown op sociale stabiliteit: wat leren we van data van de meldkamers?
Authors: Kroesbergen Ike , Vanbrabant Leonard
Published: December 2021

Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on social stability: what do we learn from data of emergency services?

In this article, we investigated the effects of the Covid-19 crisis and lockdown on social stability within the individual level, group level and society level. To investigate these effects, data from incident reports of emergency services (i.e., police, fire brigade and ambulance) in the South of the Netherlands from 2018 to 2020 were collected. An incident is defined as an unique notification with deployment of one or more emergency service(s). Incidents were categorized according to the standardized classification LMC 6.0. We investigated regional differences from 2018 to 2020 using monthly time trends. On the individual level we found a time trend in accordance with the onset of the lockdown, with a decrease in property crime operationalized as theft, burglary and robbery, and an increase in psychological effects, operationalized as suicide attempts and nuisance by a person. On the group level, operationalized as incidents nuisance by youth, noise, fireworks and vandalism, we found a time pattern with an increase in incidents coherent with the lockdown period. On the level of the society, operationalized as incidents public order, conflicts, violence and explosives, we also found an increase in incidents coherent with the lockdown period. We conclude that incident reports of emergency services give additional insight in the effects of a lockdown on social stability.
THE PROTECTION OF WORKERS WITH FAMILY RESPONSIBILITES – SELECTED ISSUES
Authors: Ludera-Ruszel Agata
Published: December 2021

Balancing personal and professional spheres remains a major challenge for growing number of employees. This concerns, to a large degree, a family life of employee. Family responsibilities, more often than any other non-work commitments of employees, restrict their possibilities of preparing for, entering, participating in or advancing in economic activity. In the light of demographic and social changes, the protection of workers with family responsibilities evolved towards more „equal” approach to family responsibilities and broader than previously scope of family responsibilites as duties not only to young children of employees but also to other members of his family. This contribution aims to describe the selected isuues of protection of workers with family responsibilities
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT FOR RESCUERS INVOLVED IN CBRN INCIDENTS. CASE STUDY FOR SELECTED HAZARD SCENARIOS
Authors: Gikiewicz Magdalena , Bralewska Karolina
Published: December 2021

One of the challenges in modern rescue are terrorist attacks in which use is made
of chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear (CBRN) agents. The mass nature
of such incidents causes participation in the operations of various services. The
first stage of responding to CBRN incidents is often attended by several hundred
rescuers. Important factor influencing the speed and effectiveness of actions thus
increasing the safety of rescuers is the appropriate selection and optimization of
personal protective equipment (PPE). Although the discussion on the selection of
PPE during CBRN incidents has been going on for many years, the main emphasis
is on solutions used by the military. There is much less work on PPE for rescuers
who are usually the first line of defence. The variety of tasks performed by them and
a multitude of factors determining the selection of PPE makes it difficult to find a unified approach to this problem. The aims of this paper consist of identification
of factors that should be taken into account when selecting PPE for rescuers, reviewing
the standards in this area and select the optimal PPE for rescuers during CBRN
incidents based on the two the most realistic hazard scenarios. This study contains
a critical review of literature and standards in the field of PPE for rescuers, includes
outcomes from observation and may be a catalyst for a discussion of this problem.
The Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Coronavirus Pandemic on Ecological Security and the Development of International Environmental Policy
Authors: Gołębiowska Anna
Published: December 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) coronavirus pandemic has had a major impact on
the global economy. In 2020, due to the pandemic, many countries experienced an
economic recession, an increase in unemployment, a decline in the economic activity
of numerous companies and enterprises, and, consequently, an economic crisis. Due
to the decline in economic activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, in 2020 a decrease
in the level of environmental pollution took place. However, this decline was short-term and relatively small. Therefore, the pandemic did not slow the process of
global warming. Scientific research dedicated to climate change shows that the global
warming process has commenced a strong upward trend. In order to slow down the
ever faster global warming process, it is necessary to reduce all or most of greenhouse
gas emissions in the shortest time possible, including through the development of renewable
energy sources. The global socio-economic crisis caused by the development
of the COVID-19 pandemic should significantly change the pro-ecological awareness
of people and the need to implement sustainable development in economic processes
and everyday functioning of people. In the first half of November 2021, the UN Climate
Summit COP26 Climate Conference was held in Glasgow, Scotland. To save the
climate and biosphere of planet Earth, it is crucial what we will do in the decade of the
20s of the current twenty-first century. These issues were raised during the debates and
discussions held during the abovementioned UN Climate Summit COP26. However,
the declarations made by individual countries of the world regarding the calendar
of achieving zero emissions indicate that the subject is not treated very seriously by
governments in many countries. It is necessary to increase international cooperation
in the implementation of global pro-environmental policy.
EU-SENSE detection system in mass gathering evacuation
Authors: Kozioł Joanna , Gikiewicz Magdalena , Gromek Paweł , Szklarski Łukasz
Published: December 2021

Current CBRNe detection systems are mainly available as standalone detectors, and
seldom offer the potential of networking and data fusion. The research objective is
to simulate the scenario-based models built in a virtual environment to examine the
possible impact of the EU-SENSE system on chemical detection technology, based on an innovative CBRNe detection and identification system, which is a network of
heterogeneous sensor nodes, on the evacuation of a mass gathering. The chemical
detection system presents real possibilities of understanding situations that depend
on the first symptoms of human health and behaviour. This information will
facilitate taking appropriate measures when CBRNe hazard forces to evacuation,
including quick identification of the hazard and necessity to modify preliminary
evacuation gates (in terms of their localization and width).
A Detailed Item Response Theory Analysis of Algorithms and Programming Concepts in App Inventor Projects
Authors: Alves Nathalia da Cruz , Von Wangenheim Christiane Gresse , Hauck Jean Carlo Rossa , Borgatto Adriano Ferreti
Published: December 2021

Teaching computing in K-12 is often introduced focusing on algorithms and programming concepts using block-based programming environments, such as App Inventor. Yet, learning programming is a complex process and novices struggle with several difficulties. Thus, to be effective, instructional units need to be designed regarding not only the content but also its sequencing taking into consideration difficulties related to the concepts and the idiosyncrasies of programming environments. Such systematic sequencing can be based on large-scale project analyses by regarding the volition, incentive, and opportunity of students to apply the relevant program constructs as latent psychometric constructs using Item Response Theory to obtain quantitative ‘difficulty’ estimates for each concept. Therefore, this article presents the results of a large-scale data-driven analysis of the demonstrated use in practice of algorithms and programming concepts in App Inventor. Based on a dataset of more than 88,000 App Inventor projects assessed automatically with the CodeMaster rubric, we perform an analysis using Item Response Theory. The results demonstrate that the easiness of some concepts can be explained by their inherent characteristics, but also due to the characteristics of App Inventor as a programming environment. These results can help teachers, instructional and curriculum designers in the sequencing, scaffolding, and assessment design of programming education in K-12.
Integrated Management of the Cattle Tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) and the Acaricide Resistance Mitigation
Authors: Rosario Cruz Rodrigo , Inés Domínguez García Delia , López Silva Saúl , Rosario Domínguez Fernando
Published: December 2021

Resistance to insecticides is one of the major obstacles to the control of agricultural pests, as well as species important to human and veterinary health. The World Health Organization has called insecticide resistance “the great little obstacle against vector-borne diseases”. Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is one of the most important vector, transmitting diseases to cattle such as anaplasmosis and babesiosis. These diseases cause great economic losses that significantly increased because of the appearance of tick populations resistant to acaricides, as a result of the intensive use of pesticides. Resistance to ixodicides in Latin America is a growing problem, since control of disease-transmitting ticks, depends heavily on the use of pesticides. In Mexico, the resistance of R. microplus to organophosphate compounds, pyrethroids, and recently amidines, has been detected in some areas, affected by multiple acaricide resistance to the three families of ixodicides. The cattle tick R. microplus in addition to the great ecological impact represents the most expensive pest for livestock in Mexico, since the producers are directly affected by this tick, due to the decrease in the production of meat, milk and damage to the skin, as well as the indirect damage, such as the transmission of diseases, including Anaplasmosis and Babesiosis, which, in turn, represents a serious limitation for the introduction of specialized cattle in endemic areas. Therefore, the use of integrated management programs is a mandatory issue that should be implemented in all those areas affected by this parasite.
Configuring a Concept - On Iteration and Infinity
Authors: Bruche-Schulz Gisela
Published: December 2021

The question asked in this paper concerns the relation between perception, the senses, and the human faculty of conceptualizing experiential values. I suggest that I came across data that exemplifies the transition from the sensing of an Umwelt to a conceptual grasp. The human faculty of conceptualizing experiential values obviously relies on experiential ontologies as a reference system. But the latter does not bring about the conceptualizing. The main question is then: How does conceptualizing work, and what is a concept? Do we know what conceptualizing is like? Do we know what thinking is? Of course, we experience the processual endpoints with words as convenient results. We seem to know how we learn words. Do we also know how we create their meanings? The meanings of iteration and infinity are in focus here. The passage from iteration to infinity is not defined by words. The distribution of response numbers seems to indicate that there is an underlying feeling, or sensing that enables, and accompanies, the understanding of a meaning.
Medical Image Processing and Analysis Techniques for Detecting Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Qasrawi Radwan , Abu Al-Halawa Diala , Daraghmeh Omar , Hjouj Mohammad , Abu Seir Rania
Published: December 2021

Medical image segmentation and classification algorithms are commonly used in clinical applications. Several automatic and semiautomatic segmentation methods were used for extracting veins and arteries on transverse and longitudinal medical images. Recently, the use of medical image processing and analysis tools improved giant cell arteries (GCA) detection and diagnosis using patient specific medical imaging. In this chapter, we proposed several image processing and analysis algorithms for detecting and quantifying the GCA from patient medical images. The chapter introduced the connected threshold and region growing segmentation approaches on two case studies with temporal arteritis using ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging modalities extracted from the Radiopedia Dataset. The GCA detection procedure was developed using the 3D Slicer Medical Imaging Interaction software as a fast prototyping open-source framework. GCA detection passes through two main procedures: The pre-processing phase, in which we improve and enhances the quality of an image after removing the noise, irrelevant and unwanted parts of the scanned image by the use of filtering techniques, and contrast enhancement methods; and the processing phase which includes all the steps of processing, which are used for identification, segmentation, measurement, and quantification of GCA. The semi-automatic interaction is involved in the entire segmentation process for finding the segmentation parameters. The results of the two case studies show that the proposed approach managed to detect and quantify the GCA region of interest. Hence, the proposed algorithm is efficient to perform complete, and accurate extraction of temporal arteries. The proposed semi-automatic segmentation method can be used for studies focusing on three-dimensional visualization and volumetric quantification of Giant Cell Arteritis.
Pyrolysis of Furfural Residues and Possible Utilization Pathway
Authors: Ngusale George
Published: December 2021

The manuscript attempts to understand the evolution of NOx precursors: NH3 and HCN from Pyrolysis of furfural residue (FR). The pyrolysis process was carried out in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) coupled to Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The combination revealed insightful information on the evolution of NH3 and HCN. This could help us better understand the characteristics of FR derived from furfural production especially with regard to NH3 and HCN. Nitrogen is considered a minor component in biomass wastes; in this study nitrogen content is about 0.57%. However, the pollution potential poised by low nitrogen content is huge through both direct and indirect processes. Thus, this study presents results that were found with regard to FR pyrolysis in pure nitrogen environment. At the heating rate of 40°C/min−1, the only NOx precursor detected was HCN at 713 cm−1 as per the database provided by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). NH3 was not detected. The particle size of FR used ranged between 0.15–0.25 mm.
Alginates - A Seaweed Product: Its Properties and Applications
Authors: Giridhar Reddy S.
Published: December 2021

Alginates are natural polysaccharides available as seaweed products. They possess several properties due to their molecular structure made of bipolymeric α-L-Guluronic acid and β-D-Mannuronic acid polymers. Alginates have several properties such as film-forming ability, pH responsiveness, and gelling, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxic, processability and ionic crosslinking. They’re commonly used in several industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, dental applications, welding rods and scaffolding. Due to their gelling and non-toxic properties, as well as their abundance in nature, the cosmetics and healthcare industries have shown a great deal of interest in biodegradable polymers in general and alginates particularly over the last few decades.
Prediction of Self-care Behaviors in COVID-19 Prevention Based on Persuasion Techniques
Authors: Eivazi Sima , Karami Jahangir
Published: December 2021

Background: Persuasion is a method used to correct and modify the attitude and behaviors of community members to protect collective benefits, especially during crises. Objectives: The present study aimed to predict COVID-19 preventive behaviors based on persuasion techniques in five countries. Methods: This descriptive, correlational study was conducted on the population aged more than 18 years in Iran, Australia, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Canada. The sample size determined by Morgan’s table was 498 individuals who were selected via convenience sampling in the spring of 2020. Data were collected online using a Demographic Questionnaire, a Persuasion Scale (2020), and the Questionnaire of Healthy Preventive Behaviors for COVID-19 (2020). The inclusion criteria were the age of more than 18 years and basic literacy, and the exclusion criterion was incomplete questionnaires. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using Pearson’s correlation-coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: A positive significant correlation was observed between persuasion techniques and healthy preventive behaviors for COVID-19 (P < 0.001). Among the components of persuasion, fear, interest in the messenger, frequency of the message, and reliability of the messenger could most significantly predict healthy behaviors (P < 0.001). Conclusions: According to the results, the mass media and authorities could enhance the effectiveness of their agenda by identifying the influential factors in the success of persuasion techniques. These findings could be beneficial to social psychiatrists, authorities, and the mass media.
The Effect of the Benson Relaxation Technique on the Quality of Sleep and Working Life of Surgical Technologists in Shiraz
Authors: Mohebbi Zinat , Shaygan Maryam , Ghanavati Maryam
Published: December 2021

Background: This study evaluated the effect of the Benson relaxation method on the quality of sleep and working life of surgical technologists. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was done on 180 surgical technologists who worked in 9 hospitals in Shiraz. Before the beginning of the intervention, participants were randomly assigned to either experimental or control conditions (simple randomization). The experimental group listened to an audiotape of the Benson relaxation technique twenty minutes periods, two times a day for four weeks, while the control group did not receive any intervention at all. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index and Walton quality of working life (QWL) questionnaires were used to measure the sleep quality and working life of surgical technologists, respectively. Results: Independent t-tests indicated that after the intervention, there were significant improvements regarding the total mean scores of quality of sleep (Mean (SD) Intervention = 2.88 (1.36), Mean (SD) Control = 15.1 (3.41), P < 0.001), and working life (Mean (SD) Intervention = 133.78 (9.22), Mean (SD) Control = 62.18 (19.68, P < 0.001) and their domains in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusions: Our findings are an important contribution to the previous research regarding the Benson relaxation technique as a non-drug, economical method. The current results can help health professionals for determine which psychological techniques are needed to be emphasized for promoting sleep quality and quality of working life in surgical technologists.
Identifying Economic Resistance Components in COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Iranian Health System
Authors: Kharazmi Erfan , Bahmaei Jamshid , Bordbar Shima , Mehralian Gholamhossein , Bastani Peivand
Published: December 2021

Background: As economic resistance is largely defined as the capacity of an economy to improve or adapt to the effects of unexpected, exterior shocks such as COVID-19 pandemic for health systems, the purpose of this study was to identify the economic resistance components of the Iranian health system during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using the content analysis method from 2020 to 2021. The statistical population of the study consisted of health system experts who are familiar with the subject of resistance economy. Using the snowball sampling method, semi-structured interviews with 30 selected participants were done. The reliability and transparency were determined by Guba and Linkon criteria such as credibility, transferability, confirmability, and consistency, or dependability. Data were analyzed using the Clarke and Braun thematic six-step method. Results: It was found that economic growth, economic stability, justice, and economic resilience, as four main components, affected the economic resistance of the health system in COVID-19 pandemic. Each of these components encompasses a number of sub-components that can help reinforce the health system in two restorative and resilient categories. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, a comprehensive study with an exploratory approach was not retrieved to find the main determinants of economic resistance components in COVID-19 pandemic. The present study can greatly contribute to the available knowledge to guide the policymakers for better understanding of the system during unexpected situations and applying the most applied solutions as well. It may help the health systems particularly those who encounter unpleasant macro-trends and unplanned crises, to keep their preparedness and readiness and improve their resilience.
A review of biopolymer films application for sustainable packaging of edible oils
Authors: Popović Senka , Ugarković Jovana , Šuput Danijela , Hromiš Nevena , Romanić Ranko
Published: December 2021

Lipid oxidation is a major cause of off-flavors and the loss of nutrients in fat-containing foods and oils. The prevention or retardation of those deteriorative reactions of oil during processing and storage is required. Commercially available synthetic packaging materials are causing serious environmental problems due to their non-degradability. To reduce environmental impacts associated with synthetic plastics, biopolymer materials have a great potential to be used instead. Further, biopolymers play an important role in food preservation because of their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The packing system is comprised of natural active materials that can improve the shelf life of oil-packed, minimize oxidation and improve mechanical, barrier and biological properties of biopolymer films. This paper aims to review currently available literature in the field of biopolymer materials application for packaging different types of edible oils.
Controle hormonal do déficit hídrico em tomateiro
Authors: Souza Paula Cristina da Silva , Martins Fernando Boschi , Gaion Lucas Aparecido
Published: December 2021

O déficit hídrico é um dos principais fatores limitantes da produção agrícola. Por isso, as plantas têm desenvolvido mecanismos de sobrevivência e aclimatação à condição de déficit hídrico, por exemplo, o fechamento estomático que visa minimizar a perda de água pela planta. Com efeito, as respostas das plantas ao déficit hídrico são controladas diretamente pelo balanço hormonal. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar como diferentes mutantes hormonais de tomateiro respondem à condição de déficit hídrico. Foram utilizados cinco genótipos de tomateiro, o cultivar Micro-Tom (MT), tipo selvagem, os mutantes Never ripe (Nr), com baixa sensibilidade ao etileno, diageotropica (dgt), com baixa sensibilidade à auxina, e os transgênicos L19 (com elevada biossíntese de giberelina) e SL (com baixa biossíntese de estrigolactonas). As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos de polietileno com capacidade para 350 mL preenchidos com substrato comercial. Durante o desenvolvimento, todas as plantas foram diariamente irrigadas até o início do déficit hídrico, 37 dias após a semeadura (DAS). A fim de induzir o déficit hídrico, a irrigação foi suspensa em parte das plantas por um período de sete dias. Plantas-controle foram irrigadas continuamente. Depois de sete dias nas respectivas condições (irrigada e déficit hídrico), as plantas foram colhidas para a realização das análises de crescimento, conteúdo relativo de água (CRA) e extravasamento de eletrólitos. Como esperado, plantas de L19 exibiram maior altura de plantas, enquanto plantas de SL apresentaram maior acúmulo de massa fresca e seca da parte aérea em condição controle. Em condição de déficit hídrico, observou-se redução de massa fresca e altura de plantas em todos os genótipos avaliados. Enquanto que apenas plantas de MT e SL não sofreram redução de massa seca da parte aérea em função da restrição hídrica. Quanto ao CRA, apenas plantas de L19 não apresentaram redução sob condição de déficit hídrico.
Gibberellic acid promotes dormancy-breaking of rice seeds and the formation of abnormal seedlings
Authors: Garcia Jaquelini , Castoldi Camile Thais , Andrade Gisiane Camargo de , Coelho Cileide Maria Medeiros , Gavicho Uarrota Virgílio
Published: December 2021

O arroz é uma das espécies que apresenta dormência após a colheita, podendo esta ser prolongada durante o armazenamento das sementes. Este trabalho teve por objetivo determinar se o ácido giberélico (GA3) é um promotor eficiente da superação de dormência em sementes de arroz e avaliar mudanças nas estruturas biológicas via histoquímica. A cultivar utilizada foi a SCS122 Miura submetida a 0 mg L-1, 500 mg L-1 e 1000 mg L-1 de GA3. Foram realizadas análises de germinação, viabilidade, comprimento de raiz, parte aérea e plântula, microscopia óptica do amido e quantificação dos açúcares solúveis totais. A utilização de 500 mg L-1 e 1000 mg L-1 de GA3 foi eficiente para a superação da dormência de sementes de arroz, reduzindo o percentual de sementes dormentes para 4% e 1% respectivamente. Apesar de reduzir o percentual dormência, a presença de GA3 provoca aumento do percentual de plântulas anormais, e por isso, nas concentrações utilizadas, não pode ser recomendado como método de superação em sementes de arroz. A microscopia óptica é eficiente para verificar que com a superação de dormência, ocorre a degradação dos grânulos de amido, aumentando a disponibilidade de açúcares solúveis totais para o crescimento e desenvolvimento de plântulas.
Melhoramento de campo nativo com uso de calcário e gesso agrícola nos Campos de Cima da Serra/RS
Authors: Dalmina João Claudio , Teixeira Guilherme de Lima , Matté Jhullia Andolfato , Velho Douglas Antonio , Vargas Vinícius Rissardi de , Conte Elaine Damiani
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito da aplicação de calcário, em doses superiores às recomendadas, e de gesso agrícola na produtividade e teor de macronutrientes do campo nativo na região dos Campos de Cima da Serra – RS. O experimento foi realizado em área de pastagem nativa, localizado em Vacaria – RS. O experimento foi disposto em blocos completamente casualizados alocados em parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. Conduzido em esquema fatorial 3x2: sendo três doses de calcário (0; 3,0 e 5,0 ton ha-1, visando atingir a saturação por bases de 65% e 5,0 ton ha-1, visando atingir uma saturação por bases de 75%) e duas doses de gesso (0 e 2,0 ton ha-1), aplicados superficialmente. O gesso agrícola foi aplicado aleatoriamente em uma das subparcelas. Ao final de cada estação climática foram realizadas avaliações da produção de massa de forragem e teor de macronutrientes, na matéria seca da parte aérea, em duas amostras coletada de uma área de 0,25 m2 por parcelas, através do corte da parte aérea “rente ao solo”. A produção de matéria seca do campo nativo no outono, inverno e primavera, apresentou incremento significativo com a aplicação de 5 ton ha-1, sem haver influência no verão. A aplicação de calcário no solo aumentou o teor de nitrogênio e potássio no tecido foliar do campo nativo no período do outono e de cálcio na primavera. A aplicação de gesso agrícola aumentou a produção de matéria seca apenas na primavera e reduziu os teores de magnésio no inverno. Portanto, os resultados demonstram, o potencial de uso do calcário em doses superiores as recomendadas atualmente e do gesso agrícola para aumento da produção de forragem e qualidade das forragens naturais nas épocas avaliadas por este presente trabalho.
Fenologia de Galianthe palustris (Cham. & Schltdl.) Cabaña Fader & E. L. Cabral (Rubiaceae Juss.) na região do planalto Catarinense
Authors: Oliveira Joyce Graziela Maia Furtado Tigre de , Corrêa Bruno Jan Schramm , Bittencourt Larissa , Mantovani Adelar , Milani Jaçanan Eloisa de Freitas , Bortoluzzi Roseli Lopes da Costa
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar o monitoramento fenológico de G. palustris ao longo dos meses de julho/2019 a junho/2020, e correlacionar com as variáveis meteorológicas na Serra Catarinense. Foram avaliadas a intensidade e sincronia das fenofases vegetativas e reprodutivas de 24 indivíduos em três áreas, localizadas em dois municípios de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Em G. palustris foi identificada a brotação contínua. Foi observada a presença de folhas maduras durante todo período e a senescência foliar apresentou intensidades variadas. A floração iniciou em dezembro estendendo até abril. As maiores porcentagens de botões florais presentes nas plantas ocorreram de janeiro a março/20 e a antese ocorreu de janeiro a maio, com maiores porcentagens em janeiro e março. Quanto à frutificação, foi observado o início com a presença de frutos imaturos em janeiro se estendendo até junho, mas o período de janeiro a março foi identificado com as maiores porcentagens de frutos imaturos nas plantas. A ocorrência de frutos maduros foi verificada nos meses de fevereiro a junho, sendo em fevereiro e março registradas as maiores porcentagens. Foi identificada a ausência de frutos senescentes somente nos meses de dezembro/2019 e janeiro/2020, e as maiores porcentagens ocorreram nos períodos de outono e inverno, coincidindo com a presença de folhas senescentes. Houve correlação entre temperatura e fotoperíodo para folhas maduras, desfolhamento e botões florais. A sincronia dos eventos fenológicos foi alta para aspectos vegetativos e baixa ou assíncrona para aspectos reprodutivos. Os padrões fenológicos da fenofase reprodutiva foram sazonais, ocorrendo no verão e outono (novembro a junho). Já a fenofase vegetativa ocorreu o ano todo, sendo que os maiores índices de brotação antecederam o período reprodutivo. Os resultados obtidos forneceram informações importantes acerca da fenologia desta espécie nesta região de ocorrência.
Examination of Science Self-Regulation Skills of Gifted and Non-Gifted Students
Authors: Nacaroğlu Oğuzhan , Bektaş Oktay , Tüysüz Mustafa
Published: December 2021

The study aimed to examine and compare the science self-regulation skills of gifted and non-gifted students in this study. Survey design, one of the quantitative methods, was utilized in the research. The sample of the study consisted of 263 gifted students enrolled in science and art center and 482 non-gifted students located in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Science Self-regulation Scale was used as a data collection tool in the research. Independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used in the analysis of the data. The findings showed that gifted and non-gifted students had high self-regulation skills towards science. In addition, it was found that although there was no statistically significant difference between the average scores of gifted female and male students on the overall scale, there was a significant difference in the other group. Moreover, while the difference between the mean scores obtained in the dimensions of Refinement, Time Organizing, Organizing, Help Seeking, Metacognitive Self-regulation, and Repetition was in favor of gifted students, it was in favor of non-gifted students regarding the mean scores of critical thinking and effort regulation dimensions. The conclusion and implication were discussed in line with these findings.
New treatment options of chronic urticaria
Authors:   Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Hidvégi Bernadett , Mihályi Lilla
Published: December 2021

Chronic urticaria is a multifactorial disease with increasing prevalence, that significantly deteriorates the quality of life of patients. Authors describe the pathomechanism of the disease, and they present the currently available treatment options and the promising future therapies as well. The therapeutic basis of chronic urticaria is the modern, 2nd generation antihistamines in a dosage of even four times higher than the regular one. In therapy resistant cases omalizumab or cyclosporin is advised. There is a growing demand for new medications because the number of those patients , who are non-responders or do not respond adequately to these therapies, is definitely increasing.
The role, carrier and mission of neural crest cells in the skin
Authors:   University of Pécs Medical School Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Oncodermatology, Schneider Imre
Published: December 2021

The neuro crest arising from the ectoderm is a transient structure and disappears as the neurocrest cells leave these places to invade the whole embryo. The epidermis develops from the ectoderm in the fourth embryonal weeks. The embryos consist of cranial-,vagal-, truncal and sacral segments and the neuro crest cells migrate from these places to form various structures, including the peripheral nerve system, the craniofacial bones and cartilages, etc. The neuro crest cells degrade the basal membrane of neural tube and thereafter migrate through the extracellular matrix in ventromedial and dorsolateral direction. Neural crest cells use various cell adhesion molecules and diferent proteaes. The invasive capacity of these cells is infuenced by aquaporin-1 , too. . The sensory nerves developig from the neuro- crest cells can be found in the epidermis and its appendicular organ, the dermal autonomic nerves in the dermis. The epidermal melanocytes develop partly from the neural crest cells, partly from the Schwann cells of the sensory nerves. The cutaneous nerves produce and secrete neuropeptides thus contributing to the development of the skin into a neuroimmuno-endocrin organ.
El santuario fenicio de la calle Méndez Núñez-plaza de las Monjas (Huelva, España) y el inicio de los asentamientos fenicios en la península Ibérica
Authors: Mederos Martin Alfredo
Published: December 2021

El hallazgo de las cerámicas fenicias más antiguas en la península ibérica está relacionado con la presencia de santuarios litorales en Huelva, en la desembocadura de los ríos Tinto y Odiel, y La Rebanadilla (Málaga) en la desembocadura del río Guadalhorce. El santuario estaba bien conservado en La Rebanadilla, pero debió ser destruido en Huelva por la extracción mecánica del sedimento, al estar bajo el agua, por debajo del nivel freático, aunque el santuario sí se conservaba en estratos superiores de los siglos VIII-VI a. C.. Los artefactos recuperados incluyen la presencia de betilos y diversas artesanías que sugieren que nos encontramos en un contexto sacro con ofrendas y talleres anexos al santuario. Destaca la calidad y cantidad de las cerámicas importadas: fenicias orientales, geométricas griegas, chipriotas, sardas y vilanovianas. Las dataciones radiocarbónicas de ambos santuarios se sitúan entre el 971-921 a. C. para La Rebanadilla y 968-845 a. C. para Huelva.
Ocupación romana de la cueva de Los Toriles (Carrizosa, Ciudad Real): Primeros testimonios y trascendencia
Authors: Moya Maleno Pedro R. , Bustamante-Álvarez Macarena , Dorado Alejos Alberto , Suárez-Bilbao Aitziber , Galeano-Prados Marcos , García-Martínez Daniel
Published: December 2021

Se dan a conocer los primeros testimonios de frecuentación romana de la cueva de Los Toriles (Carrizosa, Ciudad Real), una gruta con una larga ocupación animal y humana, cuanto menos desde el Pleistoceno y hasta nuestros días. Aunque en la primera campaña de excavación de la cueva sólo se han podido constatar algunos fragmentos de cerámica, estos son lo suficientemente relevantes como para confirmar el conocimiento y entrada a la cavidad durante la Antigüedad. Además del análisis tipológico y arqueométrico de las cerámicas, esta novedosa cronología permite reflexionar sobre estos y otros casos similares de época romana, acerca de la infrarrepresentación del fenómeno en la Meseta Sur, así como sobre el contexto inmediato del ager laminitanus.
Um diálogo inaudito entre Canguilhem e Foucault
Authors: Souto Caio
Published: December 2021

O artigo aborda algumas das diferenças entre a “história epistemológica” de Georges Canguilhem e a “história arqueológica”, tal como praticada por Michel Foucault. Prioriza-se o estudo do conceito de a priori biológico (ou fisiológico), cuja criação Canguilhem atribui a dois autores da tradição filosófica e fisiológica francesa: Auguste Comte e Claude Bernard. Em textos não muito frequentados, Canguilhem recorre a essa tradição para elaborar uma outra interpretação do empreendimento crítico kantiano, que compreende as condições de possibilidade do conhecimento (a priori) num sentido diverso daquele proposto por Foucault.
Vulnerabilidade da mulher em meio à insurgência militar no norte de Moçambique | Women's vulnerability amidst the military insurgency in northern Mozambique
Authors: Lázaro João Abilo , Peretti Clélia , Souza Candiotto Jaci De Fátima
Published: December 2021

No presente artigo, objetiva-se descrever a situação de violação sexual de mulheres e crianças, por insurgentes, em Cabo Delgado, Moçambique, desde 2017. A insurgência é complexa e alimentada por fatores internos, sobretudo éticos e sociais. Busca-se analisar as condições de vulnerabilidade das mulheres obrigadas a viverem nos locais de insurgência militar, no norte de Moçambique, na Província de Cabo Delgado. O artigo: 1) apresenta uma breve descrição do contexto em que se instala o conflito, os desafios dos deslocados, as condições de vulnerabilidade das mulheres e crianças nas zonas do conflito, as estratégias utilizadas pelos insurgentes para causar medo e pânico na população e impor um governo fundamentado na lei islâmica; 2) discorre sobre as ações humanitárias realizadas pela Diocese de Pemba, organizações governamentais e não-governamentais e organismos internacionais; 3) reflete sobre a necessidade de justiça e solidariedade como um dever comunitário na busca pela paz e de resolução dos conflitos; 4) Enfatiza que o bem, a justiça e a solidariedade são importantes para garantir o inalienável direito de dignidade da pessoa humana; 5) destaca a importância do resgate dos direitos individuais e sociais das mulheres e crianças violentadas, bem como o resgate de suas narrativas. In this article, the objective is to describe the situation of sexual violation of women and children, by insurgents, in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique, since 2017. The insurgency is complex and fueled by internal factors, above all ethical and social. It seeks to analyze the conditions of the vulnerability of women forced to live in places of military insurgency, in northern Mozambique, in Cabo Delgado Province. The article: 1) Presents a brief description of the context in which the conflict takes place, the challenges of the displaced, the vulnerable conditions of women and children in the conflict zones, the strategies used by insurgents to cause fear and panic in the population and to impose a government based on Islamic law; 2) discusses the humanitarian actions carried out by the Diocese of Pemba, governmental and non-governmental organizations, and international organizations: 3) reflects on the need for justice and solidarity as a community duty in the search for peace and conflict resolution; 4) Emphasizes that goodness, justice and solidarity are important to guarantee the inalienable right to dignity of the human person; 5) highlights the importance of rescuing the individual and social rights of abused women and children, as well as rescuing their narratives.
UTJECAJ PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA NAČIN FUNKCIONISANJA PORODICE
Authors: Pekić Sanela , Šatrović Almina
Published: December 2021

Ciljevi: Asocijacija socijalnih radnika Kantona Sarajevo je provela istraživanje kojim se nastojalo utvrditi na koji način je pandemija COVID-19 utjecala na funkcionisanje porodice. Metode: Za potrebe istraživanja kreiran je online anketni upitnik koji je ispitivao: ekonomsku stabilnost porodice, funkcionisanje porodice, korištenje interneta, gubitke članova porodice i bliskih osoba, te načine nošenja sa stresnim situacijama. Da bi se dobila potpunija slika obavljen je strukturirani intervju. Anketu je ispunilo 386 ispitanika/ca, a intervju je obavljen sa 24 ispitanika/ce Rezultati: Porodice su se prilično dobro prilagodile datim uslovima, iako je oko 40% ispitanika/ca imalo gubitke članova porodice i bliskih osoba usljed COVID-19, a njih 43,8% navodi da ima lošije prihode u odnosu na period prije pandemije. Gotovo 25% ispitanika/ca nije bilo zadovoljno načinom na koji su se nosili sa izazovima. U odnosu na period prije pandemije 22,5% ispitanika/ca je istaklo da su više koristili tablete za smirenje. Većina ispitanika/ca nije tražila pomoć kako bi se nosila sa novonastalom situacijom, a oni koji su potražili pomoć, to su učinili online i u privatnim savjetovalištima. Rad od kuće i online nastava su značajno utjecali na funkcionisanje porodice. Malo više od 50% ispitanika/ca su svoj posao obavljali online. Zaključci: Pandemija je utjecala na način funkcionisanja porodice. Iako je korištenje interneta u toku pandemije doprinijelo osjećaju povezanosti sa bliskim osobama i omogućilo da se poslovi i nastava realiziraju u određenom obimu, da bi se spriječile negativne posljedice potrebno je kontrolisati vrijeme i sadržaje koji se koriste. Ispitanici ne prepoznaju da im je potrebna pomoć u zaštiti mentalnog zdravlja, a i kada to prepoznaju pokazuju nepovjerenje prema sistemu psiho-socijalne zaštite i pomoć traže na društvenim mrežama i u privatnim savjetovalištima. Potrebno je normalizirati traženje podrške od stručnjaka, razvijati nove i graditi povjerenje građana u postojeće servise psiho-socijalne zaštite.
NASILJE U PORODICI U KRIVIČNOM PRAVU DRŽAVA U OKRUŽENJU BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
Authors: Simović Marina M. , Simović Vladimir M.
Published: December 2021

Različiti oblici i vidovi ispoljavanja nasilja u porodici predstavljaju staru, arhaičnu društvenu pojavu u okviru kriminaliteta nasilja. Ova nedopuštena, proskribovana, zabranjena i kažnjiva ponašanja su bila prisutna u svim društvima na svijetu. Međutim, takva ponašanja sa elementima nasilja, koja su se dešavala u uskom krugu supružnika ili članova iste porodice (krvnih srodnika u pravoj ili pobočnoj liniji), su ostajala dugo daleko van sfere posmatranja zakonodavca. Zato su inkriminacije nasilja u porodici kao samostalna krivična djela sa zaprijećenim krivičnim sankcijama, znatno kasnije, tek krajem 20. vijeka inkorporisana u nacionalna krivična zakonodavstva pojedinih država. U cilju potpunijeg i svestranijeg sagledavanja problematike krivičnih djela nasilja u porodici u Bosni i Hercegovini, nije dovoljno da se posvetimo samo teorijskoj i praktičnoj analizi oblika ispoljavanja, karakteristika i obilježja ovih krivičnih djela u osnovnom, kvalifikovanim ili privilegovanim oblicima, prema odredbama domaćeg pozitivnog zakonodavstva, već je potrebno da određenu pažnju posvetimo i uporednopravnoj (komparativnoj) analizi ovih krivičnih djela u krivičnopravnim sistemima država u okruženju Bosne i Hercegovine. To je logično i opravdano jer se radi o pravnim sistemima (porodičnim, krivičnim, prekršajnim) država koje su do kraja dvadesetog vijeka bile u sastavu iste države – SFRJ koja je baštinila identičnu pravnu tradiciju i regulative u mnogim oblastima društvenog i pravnog života. U tom kontekstu, u radu se analiziraju krivična zakonodavstva Crne Gore, Hrvatske, Sjeverne Makedonije, Slovenije i Srbije.
KAZNA MALOLJETNIČKOG ZATVORA U REPUBLICI HRVATSKOJ KAO NAJTEŽA KAZNENOPRAVNA SANKCIJA ZA MLADE POČINITELJE KAZNENIH DJELA
Authors: Luketić Ivica
Published: December 2021

Maloljetničko kazneno pravo poseban je i specifičan dio kaznenog procesnog prava kojim se uređuje položaj maloljetnog počinitelja kaznenog djela. Kazna maloljetničkog zatvora u Republici Hrvatskoj se izvršava u nekoliko kaznionica i to u zatvorenim, poluotvorenim i otvorenim uvjetima. U ovom radu ću prikazati postupanje s maloljetnim počiniteljem kojem je izrečena kazna maloljetničkog zatvora ( kao najteža kaznenopravna sankcija) koja se može izreći mladim osobama u sukobu sa zakonom; od upućivanja, izvršavanja pojedinačnog programa postupanja, poslijepenalnog prihvata te otpusta sa izdržavanja kazne maloljetničkog zatvora. Prikazat ću specifičnost i različitost u individualiziranim programima izvršavanja kazne maloljetničkog zatvora u odnosu na druge zatvorenike ( nedostatak materijalnih i smještajnih kapaciteta, adekvatno stručno osoblje sa specifičnim znanjima i vještinama). U radu ću prikazati brojčane pokazatelje koji se tiču kazne maloljetničkog zatvora (izricanje te izvršavanje kazne), a kroz prikaz slučaja, prikazat ću u praksi izricanje kazne maloljetničkog zatvora punoljetnim osobama obzirom na pojedina kaznena djela, odnosno temeljem kojih kriterija i specifičnosti je sud pojedincu (mlađem punoljetniku) odredio kaznu maloljetničkog zatvora, a ne kaznu zatvora.
Factores asociados con la presencia de endoparásitos y ectoparásitos en perros domiciliados de la zona metropolitana de Toluca, México
Authors: Lara-Reyes Elizabeth , Quijano-Hernández Israel A. , Rodríguez-Vivas Roger I. , Del Ángel-Caraza Javier , Martínez-Castañeda José Simón
Published: December 2021

Introducción. Los endoparásitos y ectoparásitos en perros son de distribución mundial. La estrecha relación entre los perros y el hombre implica un riesgo de transmisión de parasitosis zoonóticas, por lo cual es necesario conocer las especies que parasitan a los perros de esta zona y determinar los factores asociados.Objetivos. Estimar la prevalencia de endoparásitos y ectoparásitos, identificarlos en perros domiciliados de la zona metropolitana de Toluca, México, y determinar la prevalencia de Dipyilidium caninum en pulgas del género Ctenocephalides spp.Materiales y métodos. Se recolectaron muestras de 402 perros que fueron llevados a consulta en cuatro hospitales de referencia de Toluca. En el diagnóstico de endoparásitos, se utilizaron las técnicas coproparasitoscópicas de frotis directo, flotación y sedimentación; además, se recolectaron ectoparásitos para su identificación taxonómica. Por último, la detección de D. caninum en pulgas se hizo mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR).Resultados. El 37,2 % de los perros resultó positivo para endoparásitos. Los géneros o especies identificados fueron Toxocara spp., Giardia spp., Ancylostoma spp., Cystoisospora spp., D. caninum, Taenia spp. y Trichuris vulpis. Se determinó una prevalencia de ectoparásitos de 13,13 %. Se identificaron pulgas de las especies Ctenocephalides felis y C. canis, en tanto que solo un animal presentó parasitosis por Rhipicephalus sanguineus y otro por Trichodectes canis. La prevalencia de D. caninum en pulgas fue del 9,5 %.Conclusión. La prevalencia de endoparásitos fue de 37,2 % y, la de ectoparásitos, de 13,1 %. Por primera vez en México se hizo un análisis de endoparásitos y ectoparásitos en una misma población de perros, así como el diagnóstico molecular de D. caninum.