bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Problem of Form and the Relavitization of the Status of Documentary Film in Contemporary Slovak Authorial Production
Authors: Palúch Martin
Published: July 2017

The present study offers a critical reflection of contemporary Slovak authorial production. Focusing on three films, the author analyses the authors′ approaches to representing reality from a formal point of view. The author claims that all of them relativize the status of documentary film, using as a tool of critical analysis Carl Plantiga’s definition of documentary film, included in his concept of “asserted veridical representation”. The films under analysis use three formally different approaches of relating to social reality. One relies on an acted form, the second takes the form of a historicizing essay, and the third promotes the author’s subjective views through a cut collage of motifs stemming from reality.
Contemplations Over the Book Panorama of the Stage Fates of Five Actresses
Authors: Podmaková Dagmar
Published: July 2017

The authoress was intrigued by the book of a young theatre historian Karol Mišovic who, through the fates of the characters rendered on the stage of the Slovak National Theatre by its former first ladies guides the reader through the first stage of the modern history of Slovak theatre. He paints a panoramic picture of their professional theatre careers, based on the archive materials from the 1940s onwards. A vivid narration reveals the characters rendered by Mária Prechovská, Eva Kristinová, Viera Strnisková, Zdena Gruberová and Eva Poláková, the work of directors against the backdrop of a changing society and it poses a number of open questions regarding the role of the theatre during the breakthrough periods of Slovak society.
Genetic Variation and Correlation among Resin Yield, Growth, and Morphologic Traits of Pinus massoniana
Authors: Liu Qinghua , Zhou Zhichun , Fan Huihua , Liu Yurong
Published: July 2017

In breeding programs, the variations and relationships among main traits need to be understood to develop selection and breeding strategies. Resin is considered as one of most important non-timber production of P. massoniana which can privides terpenes used in the chemical industry. The present study assessed the genetic variations in growth, morphologic traits, and resin yield, as well as the phenotypic and genetic correlations between these traits of 45 half-sib families of eight-year-old Pinus massoniana trees. All traits show highly significant family effects. The individual heritability for diameter at breast height (DBH) was the highest (hi
2=0.55). Heritabilities for resin yield, tree height, crown depth, and the height to the live crown were slightly lower than DBH, ranging from 0.32 to 0.45. The other traits were under weak genetic control and heritabilities ranged from 0.17 to 0.20. All growth and morphologic traits were significantly correlated genetically with resin yield. Number of living branches had the highest genetic correlation with resin yield (rg=0.99), followed by DBH and number of living whorls (rg=0.73 and 0.70). Only a moderate positive genetic correlation with resin yield was found with the other traits (rg=0.47-0.57), except for height under the living branches (rg=-0.45). The results of this study indicate that both resin yield and growth can be improved simultaneously in the next generation. Of the traits assessed DBH was the optimum trait for indirectly selecting high-yielding resin trees.
Provenance variation in height development of Albizia falcataria under three levels of spacing in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Kurinobu S. , Chigira O. , Matsune K. , Miura M. , Naiem M.
Published: July 2017

Nine provenances of Albizia falcataria were planted at three square spacing levels (2, 3, and 4 m) in a split-plot design at Jember in East Java, Indonesia and measured annually for six years, which is three quarters of its rotation age. The effect of spacing on mean height development became progressively evident, due to the decline in growth at closer spacing caused by intensified competition, in six provenances, i.e., three provenances each from Java and East Indonesia, which were considered better adapted to the site because of their better growth and higher survival. On the contrary, the height growth curves of two provenances from New Guinea were almost identical, irrespective of spacing, indicating a lack of plasticity to the favorable environment at wider spacing. Dominant height was defined as the average of the five tallest trees per sub-plot (350 stems/ha), the growth curves at the three spacing levels were similar in the above-mentioned six provenances and were regarded as a single curve according to AIC-values. In contrast, dominant height growth curves of the New Guinea provenances were differentiated in the order of 2, 3, and 4 m spacing, approximately proportional to the intensity of choosing dominant trees per sub-plot. These results suggest that provenance variation exists for mean and dominant height and their response to different spacing. The cause of this variation was presumably attributable to the difference in competitive ability as well as the plasticity to the given environment. The use of dominant height for growth modeling of A. falcataria was found to be the most suitable for the adapted provenances.
Crossability of Pinus sibirica and P. pumila with their hybrids
Authors: VasilyevA G. V. , Goroshkevich S. N.
Published: July 2017

Crossability of Pinus sibirica and P. pumila hybrids and their parental species was studied using the controlled pollination method. Pinus sibirica and its hybrids were represented by grafts at the “Kedr” field station southeast of Tomsk Oblast, Russia; the parental species was of local provenance, with its hybrids obtained from the Southern Baikal region. In the case of P. pumila, trees were pollinated in a wild stand located in the Upper Angara River delta. Parental species had the highest number of filled seeds under open pollination. When they were pollinated with hybrid pollen, the trees showed nearly two-fold reductions in the number of filled seeds. Hybrids tended to abort most ovules during the first year of female cone development, resulting in a high seed abortion rate and consequent low seed production. The number of filled seeds obtained from hybrids was low, with levels ranging from 8.2 to 24.3%. Because of weak reproductive isolation between hybrids and parental species, crosses are inevitable and lead to species introgression. The hybrids probably contribute to interspecies genetic exchange both through hybrid seed production following pollination by parental species and by hybrid pollen distribution.
Computer Simulation for the Evaluation of Recombination Strategies in Intrapopulation Recurrent Selection in Eucalyptus
Authors: Abreu G. B. , Ferreira D. F. , Ramalho M. A. P. , Toledo F. H. R. B. , Sousa Bueno Filho J. S. De
Published: July 2017

Intrapopulation recurrent selection (IRS) has proven to be a promising breeding method in eucalyptus, mainly through being easier to carry out when compared to reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS). However, the recombination strategies in IRS that have not yet been compared. Thus, the purpose of this study was to verify the efficiency of different recombination methods in IRS. To do so, computer simulation was used considering different heritabilities (0.1, 0.5, 1.0), different initial allelic frequencies (0.2, 0.8) and allelic interactions without dominance and with complete dominance. The initial population consisted of 1000 individuals, which were selected at random for the beginning of cycle zero. These individuals were interbred two by two. Three selection strategies were carried out and, consequently, three recombination methods: recombine the best individuals selected within the best progenies; the best individuals phenotypically selected regardless of their genealogy; or selection in the mean value of the best progenies selected. It was observed that recombination of the best individuals regardless of their genealogy and of the best individuals within the best progenies provided for gains superior to recombination having only the mean of the progenies as reference. The average degree of dominance and the heritability of the trait should be considered at the time of choosing the method of selection followed by recombination.
Anatomical and Physiological Effects of Phytohormones on Adventitious Roots Development in Larix kaempferi × L. olgensis
Authors: Han H. , Sun X. M. , Xie Y. H. , Feng J. , Zhang S. G.
Published: July 2017

Adventitious root development is crucial for cutting propagation in hybrid larch. In the present study, semilignified cuttings of Larix kaempferi × L. olgensis clones were used to study the morphological and anatomical changes during the different development stages and compare the changes in contents of endogenous phytohormone in two clones with evidently different rooting capacity (25-5 and 23-12), and the effects of exogenous Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) on phytohormone content of a very low native rooting capacity clone (8-9) during the development of adventitious roots. The results showed that the development of adventitious root in semi-lignified cuttings involves three key stages: root cell dedifferentiation and division (14-18 DAC); meristem formation and development (25-35 DAC); root formation and elongation (50-55 DAC). The endogenous phytohormones play a key role during adventitious root development. For 25-5 and 23-12, the level of endogenous phytohormones, especially the ABA content, has an important effect on rooting capacity. For the effects of IBA on 8-9, except lower ABA content, the temporary peak of IAA on the 1 DAC was important for initiating the rooting process. The ratio of (IAA + GA3 + ZR)/ABA can be used as an indicator of rooting capacity. The anatomical and physiological data described here for semi-lignified cuttings of L. kaempferi × L. olgensis clones improves our knowledge of adventitious roots development. Our study will also benefit future research on examining the molecular mechanisms of the adventitious roots development in hybrid larch.
Primer Note: A novel set of EST-SSR markers in Tamarix: a resource to characterize this genus
Authors: Terzoli S. , Cattan E. , Sabatti M. , Valentini R. , Zilberstain A. , Kuzminsky E.
Published: July 2017

Both the negative and positive ecological impact of Tamarix plants is controversial, and thus a more comprehensive understanding is necessary. Tamarisks are invasive in many countries but the inter-specific transferability that characterizes simple sequence repeats (SSRs) could be harnessed to track the spread of specific genotypes or to study invasive populations. Thirteen polymorphic SSR markers, derived from expressed sequence tag (EST), were identified by first screening 26 samples of T. aphylla, T. jordanis, T. nilotica, and T. tetragyna and then 33 unidentified tamarisks from Yotvata, Israel. The mean number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 14 and the mean expected heterozygosity was 0.415. These EST-SSR markers will undoubtedly be useful in the genetic characterization of the genus Tamarix due to their high cross-species transferability which enables the estimation of the genetic diversity among and within different species, that are adapted to the same desert habitat under severe environmental constraints.
Growth differences and genetic parameter estimates of 15 teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) genotypes of various ages clonally propagated by microcuttings and planted under humid tropical conditions
Authors: Goh D. K. S. , Japarudin Y. , Alwi A. , Lapammu M. , Flori A. , Monteuuis O.
Published: July 2017

Fifteen clones of teak (Tectona grandis) produced by micropropagation from 0.5 to more than 60 yr-old selected ortets were established in a clonal test in Sabah (East Malaysia) under 2500 mm of annual rainfall to compare their growth performances during the first 7 years of development. Field establishment was good with average mortality less than 10%. The clones developed rapidly true-to-type with significant between-clone differences in growth. Ranges of clone means were 13.6 to 19.3 m in height, 16.3 to 23.4 cm in diameter at breast height (DBH) and 129 to 264 dm3 in volume. Broad sense heritability estimates for these growth traits were lower overall for single trees (H2i) than for clone means (H2c) (H2i ≤ 0.257 vs H2c ≤ 0.634 for height, H2i ≤ 0.120 vs H2c ≤ 0.383 for DBH and H2i ≤ 0.125 vs H2c ≤ 0.364 for volume). The highest genetic gain that could be expected from the best three clones out of the fifteen compared was at age 2 for height (+0.66 m, or +11.7%), and age 3 for DBH (+0.87cm, or +10.4%) and volume (+4.65 dm3, or +15.7%). Age-related phenotypic correlation values were reliably (P < 0.0001) higher and more consistent for DBH (rP ≥ 0.61) than for height (0.37 ≤ rP ≤ 0.69), or than between DBH and height, except for height at 3 (0.51 ≤ rP ≤ 0.63) and 6 (0.55 ≤ rP ≤ 0.69) years. Height and DBH were moderately to highly genetically correlated (0.54 ≤ rG ≤ 0.90).
Microsatellite markers for Eucalyptus pilularis (Subgenus Eucalyptus); sourcing genetic markers outside the subgenus
Authors: Shepherd M. , Bihua C. , Henry R.
Published: July 2017

Microsatellite markers remain the most broadly used molecular marker in eucalypt genetics. A major advantage of microsatellite markers is that they often transfer readily between related taxa circumventing the need to develop new markers de novo in each species. Markers have been developed for a number of species of major economic importance, mainly from the Subgenus Symphyomyrtus, but these may also be available for use in species of lesser economic importance from other subgenera. Here we report on the sourcing of microsatellite markers for E. pilularis (Subgenus Eucalyptus (Formerly Monocalyptus)) from species outside the subgenus. Ninety-seven precent (60 out of 62) of loci that amplified in the source taxon (E. grandis) also amplified in the target taxon E. pilularis. By characterising them on a diversity panel (n=24) and a pedigree, a subset of 41 loci were distilled out that could be scored reliably and were polymorphic (Mean unbiased heterozygosity= 0.81). Predictions of efficient microsatellite marker transfer among eucalypts based on low evolutionary divergence have largely been borne out and are congruent with accumulating evidence of low sequence divergence within Eucalyptus. Upon this favourable background for microsatellite marker transfer, this study indicates highly efficient transfer is possible by identifying loci with broad PCR optima and adoption of approaches that favour cross-species transfer.
Variation in seed traits and oil content in 24 Jatropha curcas L. seed sources from Asia, Africa and Papua New Guinea
Authors: Shen J. , Kha L. D. , Kien N. D. , Pinyopusarerk K.
Published: July 2017

This study was carried out to determine the extent of variation in seed traits and oil content among 24 seeds sources of Jatropha curcas from 8 countries in Asia, Africa and Papua New Guinea. There were marked differences in the length (range 15.88-19 mm), breadth (10.20-11.71 mm), thickness (7.95-9.37 mm) and volume index of seed (1337-2000 mm3), weight of seed (42.67-80.20 g) and kernel (18.44-51.04 g), kernel/seed ratio (0.43-0.66), and oil content in seed (18.08-37.89%) and kernel (34.02-59.09%). In general, seeds from Laos, Mali, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and Thailand were larger and heavier than sources from China and India, but contained lower oil content in seed and kernel. Principal component analysis revealed that seed and kernel weight and oil content in whole seed and in kernel were useful characteristics in explaining the variation pattern among seed sources. Seven out of the 24 seed sources investigated in this study are considered promising for planting for oil-seed production. This study underpins the importance of selecting suitable seed sources for commercial plantation establishment of J. curcas.
Occurrence and cytological mechanism of numerically unreduced pollen in diploid Populus euphratica
Authors: Zhang Pingdong , Kang Xiangyang
Published: July 2017

Unreduced gametes are the driving force for the polyploidizaiton of plants in nature, and are also an important tool for breeding of triploid individuals. The final heterozygosity of a 2n pollen grain depends on the cytological mechanism behind 2n pollen formation. In this study, meiotic abnormalities were analysed using fluorescent chromosome staining and indirect immunofluorescence during the microsporogenesis of 18 genotypes of diploid P. euphratica Oliv. (2n = 2x = 38). Among the 18 genotypes, 16 genotypes produce 2n pollen and two genotypes produce only normal n pollen. In all 2n pollen producers, we found that the first meiotic division was normal but that the second division was characterized by frequent abnormal spindle orientation (parallel, tripolar, and fused spindles) and premature cytokinesis. The parallel, fused spindles and premature cytokinesis were considered to be leading dyad formation, and tripolar spindles seemed to be causing triad formation at the tetrad stage. There was a higher frequency of parallel spindles than other spindle forms, but no significant correlations between parallel spindles and dyads were observed. However, a significant association (r = 0.68, P < 0.05) between the tripolar spindles and dyads was found. In some Microspore mother cells (MMCs), an indirect immunofluorescence examination of meiosis II revealed that the parallel spindles led to the gathering of one or two non-sister groups of chromosomes, causing an incorporation of RMSs from two daughter nuclei. Therefore, the incorporated RMSs established two nuclear cytoplasmic domains for the control of division plane, resulting in either triad or dyad formation.
Indoor Air Quality of Residential Building Before and After Renovation
Authors: Sánka Imrich , Földváry Veronika
Published: July 2017

This study investigates the impact of energy renovation on the indoor air quality of an apartment building during the heating season. The study was performed in one residential building before and after its renovation. An evaluation of the indoor air quality was performed using objective measurements and a subjective survey. The concentration of CO2 was measured in the bedrooms, and a sampling of the total volatile compounds (TVOC) was performed in the living rooms of the selected apartments. Higher concentrations of CO2 and TVOC were observed in the residential building after its renovation. The concentrations of CO2, and TVOC in some of the cases exceeded the recommended maximum limits, especially after implementing energy-saving measures on the building. The average air exchange rate was visibly higher before the renovation of the building. The current study indicates that large-scale renovations may reduce the quality of an indoor environment in many apartments, especially in the winter season.
Construction in Occupied Spaces
Authors: Ward Andrew E. , Azhar Salman , Khalfan Malik
Published: July 2017

Conducting construction activities in occupied environments presents a great challenge due to the additional logistical requirements and the presence of the building occupants. The aim of this research is to gather and evaluate the means and methods to successfully plan, manage, and execute construction activities in occupied spaces in an effort to provide consolidated industry tools and strategies for maintaining a schedule and minimizing the impact on the occupants. The methodology of the research utilizes an exploratory approach to gather qualitative data. The data was collected through interviews with industry professionals to identify industry best practices. The semi-structured interviews provided a platform for the documents, lessons learned, and the techniques and strategies used for occupied construction by the construction industry. The information obtained in the interview process identified six themes that are critical to achieving and maintaining quality in occupied construction. These themes of the schedule, cost, customer satisfaction, planning, fire/life safety and utilities, and contractor management are reviewed in detail, and the paper discusses how to manage each element. The analysis and extracted management techniques, procedures and strategies can be used by the construction industry for future projects by focusing on the critical aspects of occupied construction and the manner in which to succeed with it.
Thermal Comfort and Energy Consumption Using Different Radiant Heating/Cooling Systems in a Modern Office Building
Authors: Nemethova Ema , Stutterecker Werner , Schoberer Thomas
Published: July 2017

The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential of enhancing thermal comfort and energy consumption created by three different radiant systems in the newly-built Energetikum office building. A representative office, Simulation room 1/1, was selected from 6 areas equipped with portable sensor groups for the indoor environment monitoring. The presented data obtained from 3 reference weeks; the heating, transition and cooling periods indicate overheating, particularly during the heating and transition period. The values of the indoor air temperature during the heating and transition period could not meet the normative criteria according to standard EN 15251:2007 (cat. II.) for 15-30% of the time intervals evaluated. Consequently, a simulation model of the selected office was created and points to the possibilities of improving the control system, which can lead to an elimination of the problem with overheating. Three different radiant systems - floor heating/ cooling, a thermally active ceiling, and a near-surface thermally active ceiling were implemented in the model. A comparison of their effects on thermal comfort and energy consumption is presented in the paper.
Some results on magic squares based on generating magic vectors and R-C similar transformations
Authors: Ma Xiaoyang , Fang Kai-tai , Deng Yu hui
Published: July 2017

In this paper we propose a new method, based on R-C similar transformation method, to study classification for the magic squares of order 5. The R-C similar transformation is defined by exchanging two rows and related two columns of a magic square. Many new results for classification of the magic squares of order 5 are obtained by the R-C similar transformation method. Relationships between basic forms and R-C similar magic squares are discussed. We also propose a so called GMV (generating magic vector) class set method for classification of magic squares of order 5, presenting 42 categories in total.
An Attempt to Integration of Different Geophysical Methods (Magnetic, GPR and ERT); A Case Study From the Late Roman Settlement On the Island of Rab in Croatia
Authors: Welc Fabian , Mieszkowski Radosław , Vrkljan Goranka Lipovac , Konestra Ana
Published: July 2017

In 2016 within the RED Project Roman Economy in Dalmatia: production, distribution and demand in the light of pottery workshops, 5 selected areas around the Podšilo Bay were geophysically surveyed. During the fieldworks in the Lopar protected area, located in the northeastern part of the Island of Rab a gradiometer, ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) were used. The main aim of the project was to document presence of the Roman architecture in two areas of the bay’s hinterland as suggested earlier by finds of pottery and glass. Geophysical studies conducted in the Lopar area revealed presence of underground remains of ancient structures, probably from the late Roman period and connected with a ceramic production centre at the present seashore. The most interesting results were obtained for the area no. 4, the site where magnetic, georadar and ERT surveys revealed an ancient regular building at 0.4-0.6 m depth. The survey performed in the Lopar area clearly indicates that integration of different geophysical methods enables detailed and effective identification of buried archaeological structures.
“When That Wounds Are Evil Healed”: Revisiting Pleonastic That in Early English Medical Writing
Authors: Martín Javier Calle
Published: July 2017

The origin of pleonastic that can be traced back to Old English, where it could appear in syntactic constructions consisting of a preposition + a demonstrative pronoun (i.e., for py pat, for pæm pe) or a subordinator (i.e., op pat). The diffusion of this pleonastic form is an Early Middle English development as a result of the standardization of that as the general subordinator in the period, which motivated its use as a pleonastic word in combination with many kinds of conjunctions (i.e., now that, if that, when that, etc.) and prepositions (i.e., before that, save that, in that) (Fischer 1992: 295). The phenomenon increased considerably in Late Middle English, declining rapidly in the 17th century to such an extent that it became virtually obliterated towards the end of that same century (Rissanen 1999: 303-304). The list of subordinating elements includes relativizers (i.e., this that), adverbial relatives (i.e., there that), and a number of subordinators (i.e., after, as, because, before, beside, for, if, since, sith, though, until, when, while, etc.). The present paper examines the status of pleonastic that in the history of English pursuing the following objectives: (a) to analyse its use and distribution in a corpus of early English medical writing (in the period 1375-1700); (b) to classify the construction in terms of genre, i.e., treatises and recipes; and (c) to assess its decline with the different conjunctive words. The data used as source of evidence come from The Corpus of Early English Medical Writing, i.e., Middle English Medical Texts (MEMT for the period 1375-1500) and Early Modern English Medical Texts (EMEMT for the period 1500-1700). The use of pleonastic that in medical writing allows us to reconsider the history of the construction in English, becoming in itself a Late Middle English phenomenon with its progressive decline throughout the 16th and 17th centuries.
Measures in Medieval English Recipes – Culinary Vs. Medical
Authors: Bator Magdalena , Sylwanowicz Marta
Published: July 2017

The present paper deals with an analysis of medieval culinary and medical recipes. A major feature which will be of interest is the use of measure terms. The research has been based on material from 14thand 15thcentury recipe collections. First, the major weight and measure systems which were used in the Middle English period will be presented. Then, the measure terms used in the analysed texts are collected and categorised into three groups: specific, non-specific, and container-related terms. The study, apart from showing the variety of measure terms used at the time, also compares two types of recipes, i.e., medical and culinary.
Adverbial Markers of Epistemic Modality Across Disciplinary Discourses: A Contrastive Study of Research Articles in Six Academic Disciplines
Authors: Rozumko Agata
Published: July 2017

Epistemic adverbs, like other markers of epistemic modality, are concerned with the speaker’s assessment of the truth value of the proposition. In other words, they indicate that the speaker considers certain situations as possible, impossible, probable, certain, or uncertain. At the same time, they signal the author’s presence in the text, and invite the reader to make his/her own conclusions and interpretations. The use of modal markers has been demonstrated to differ across academic disciplines, but the specific differences concerning the use of epistemic adverbs have not been studied systematically. This paper investigates the use of epistemic adverbs in research articles representing six disciplines belonging to three different branches of science: the humanities (linguistics and literary studies), the social sciences (law and sociology), and the natural sciences (physics and medicine), with the aim of establishing discipline-specific tendencies in their use. The study is based on a corpus of 160 research articles compiled by the author. It begins with an attempt at delimiting the category of epistemic adverbs in English. After that, a list of the most frequent epistemic adverbs in the subcorpora of all the disciplines is established and discussed. The study demonstrates that frequent use of epistemic adverbs is largely a property of research articles in the humanities and social sciences. Medical and physics research articles use them significantly less often. The most frequent epistemic adverbs in the research articles under analysis include indeed, perhaps, clearly, certainly, of course, arguably, possibly, and reportedly. Some adverbs appear to be associated with specific disciplines, e.g., clearly (physics, linguistics, sociology, medicine), indeed (linguistics, literary studies, sociology), possibly, reportedly (medicine), arguably (law). The association of individual adverbs with specific disciplines may serve as an important clue to the understanding of their functions, in particular in the case of the less frequent ones, such as arguably and reportedly, which remain significantly understudied. The findings may also prove useful in teaching English for academic purposes.
First evidence and quantification of quercetin derivatives in dogberries (Cornus sanguinea L.)
Authors: Popović Zorica , Bajić-Ljubičić Jasna , Matić Rada , Bojović Srdjan
Published: July 2017

Aim

C. sanguinea L. is a widespread European shrubby species. It is a potential source of biologically active compounds, especially antioxidants, as indicated by the dogberries’ black color. The aim of the present study was to determine the content of several quercetin derivatives in the dogberries and to evaluate phytogeographical variability of these compounds.

Materials and methods

The dogberries were collected in the middle of September at two natural habitats of this species: Mt. Avala and Lake Zlatar, Serbia. The extract obtained from fresh fruits was subjected to LC-MS/MS analysis to identify and quantify the content of five quercetin derivatives: quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (Q-3-O-GlcA), quercetin-3-O-galactoside (Q-3-O-Gal), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (Q-3-O-Rut), quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q-3-O-Glc) and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (Q-3-O-Rha).

Results

All of examined quercetin derivatives were detected in extract of fresh dogberries and their contents were in the following order: Q-3-O-GlcA>Q-3-O-Gal>Q-3-O-Rut>Q-3-O-Glc>Q-3-O-Rha. The average amount of Q-3-O- Rut varied significantly and depended on the geographic origin of the fruit sample.

Conclusions

These results indicate that dogberries could be a potential source of natural antioxidants, and encourage further investigation of this species considering that it has not yet been exploited in either nutrition or as a source of important pharmacological compounds.
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a diagnostic marker for malignant thyroid diseases
Authors: Zeren Sezgin , Özbay İsa , Bayhan Zülfü , Koçak Fatma Emel , Ucar Bercis Imge , Kahraman Cüneyt , Düzgün Şükrü Aydın , Koçak Cengiz
Published: July 2017

Background

The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a good marker of malignant diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate NLR as a diagnostic marker of thyroid cancer in patients with malignant thyroid diseases compared to those with benign thyroid diseases.

Methods

Two hundred and fifty three patients were divided into two groups: benign and malignant thyroid disease patients. Malignant thyroid disease group was not sub-grouped further into differentiated and undifferentiated. The preoperative complete blood count and biochemical parameters, including NLR, were evaluated.

Results

The mean neutrophil count was found to be significantly higher, whereas the mean lymphocyte count was found to be significantly lower in the malignant group which includes 40 of the patients. As a result, NLR was significantly higher in the malignant group than in the benign group (p<0.001).

Conclusion

This is the first study to show the value of NLR as a marker for malignant thyroid diseases including all subtypes.
Aeroengine Performance Prediction Based on Double-Extremum Learning Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Zheng Bo , Li Yan-Feng , Guo Junyu , Huang Hong-Zhong
Published: July 2017

To predict the performance parameter changing trend of an aeroengine, a novel double-extremum learning particle swarm optimization (DELPSO) algorithm is proposed. Inspired by human learning behavior, this algorithm simulates this behavior, including the strategies of collective learning, private tutoring, and research behavior, so that obtained final solutions would be in the global optimal area or its neighbor area as close as possible. Meanwhile, to improve the prediction performance, a nonlinear mapping function is designed to describe the feature relationship between inputs and outputs of historical data. Based on the DELPSO, the fitness function synthetically considers the changing trend and the prediction error and can adaptively select optimal parameters of the nonlinear mapping function. The experimental results demonstrate that the DELPSO has globally stable and reliable performance. To validate the prediction performance of the proposed DELPSO, it is also applied to an aeroengine. Its good prediction performance indicates that the proposed DELPSO is an important reference for maintenance decision-making of aeroengines.
The Logistic of Empty Containers′ Return in the Liner-Shipping Network
Authors: Belayachi Naima , Gelareh Shahin , Yachba Khadidja , Bouamrane Karim
Published: July 2017

The Maritime Transport is a favoured tool regarding the universal exchanges because it has gone through several evolutions. Indeed, the containerization is considered as one of the most remarkable improvements in the shipping. The containers are rented by shipping companies. However, these companies meet an empty container availability problem at some ports of Maritime Transport Network (MTN) to satisfy the demands of clients. The objective of this work is to solve the problem of the imbalance of the distribution of containers and look for empty containers at less cost to meet the demands of clients. As a result, the authors propose an application to represent the MTN, and provide a balanced distribution of containers. The work presented in this article is based on a heuristic method by neighbourhood. It allows the process of the clients' demands and transfers of full containers as well as the research of empty containers by optimizing the cost of theirs return.
On The Problem of Constructing Routes, Part I: Preface
Authors: Gertsbakh Ilya B. , Liu Tao , Ceder Avishai
Published: July 2017

This is a preface of the translation of the 1967 paper by Linis and Maksim, “On the problem of constructing routes” (in Russian) (in the Proceedings of the Institute of Civil Aviation Engineering, Issue 102, pp. 36-45). It marks 50-year to the deficit function (DF) model initially developed in this 1967 work; the DF model then paved the way to further research of vehicle-fleet management in terms of optimal routing and scheduling. The merit of this translation is to describe the roots of the DF modelling to enable further studies to emerge with more contributions.
„Perestrojka“ in der sowjetischen Besatzungspolitik 1947
Authors: John Jürgen , Scherstjanoi Elke
Published: July 2017

Vorspann

Konfrontiert mit zahlreichen politischen und ökonomischen Problemen, schlug die Sowjetische Militäradministration in Deutschland nach den Landtagswahlen und Regierungsbildungen in der Sowjetischen Besatzungszone um die Jahreswende 1946/47 einen Kurs interner Reformen ein, um ihr Image und das Verhältnis zur deutschen Seite zu verbessern. Jürgen John und Elke Scherstjanoi präsentieren Schlüsseldokumente zu einer Besprechung am 10. Januar 1947 in Weimar, bei der der sowjetische Verwaltungschef Thüringens, Ivan S. Kolesničenko, die ihm unterstellten Besatzungsoffiziere auf die neuen Aufgaben einschwor.
The ternary phases CuLi2−x
Sb, Cu2−x
Li1+x
Sb, and Cu2−x
Li1−x
Sb and their structural relations to binary alloys in the systems Cu−Sb and Li−Sb
Authors: Beutl Alexander , Effenberger Herta S. , Flandorfer Hans
Published: July 2017

In the course of studies on the phase relations in the system Cu−Li−Sb at 400 °C the ternary compounds CuLi2−x
Sb, Cu2−x
Li1+x
Sb and Cu2−x
Li1−x
Sb were synthesized by melting processes followed by long-time annealing procedures. They were chemically as well as structurally characterized. Powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction investigations proved that CuLi2−x
Sb crystallizes cubic (space group F4̅3m, a=6.248(2) Å) and Cu2−x
Li1−x
Sb hexagonal (space group P63/mmc, a=4.3415(8) Å, c=7.448(2) Å). For Cu2−x
Li1+x
Sb the average structure is cubic (space group Fm3̅m, a=6.169(2) Å). However, it was not possible to unravel split reflections seen in the single-crystal diffraction images. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns gave a hint for tetragonal symmetry (a=4.3832(1) Å, c=6.0512(2) Å). It is assumed, that Cu2−x
Li1+x
Sb is formed from Cu-rich CuLi2−x
Sb in a second order transition reaction during cooling; single domains could not be separated. The three title compounds show close structural relations among each other as well as to the binary compounds Li3Sb (P63/mmc and Fm3̅m modifications), β-Cu3Sb (Fm3̅m), η-Cu2Sb (P4/nmm) and δ-Cu4Sb (P63/mmc). In all cases, the Sb atoms are in a fully ordered ccp or hcp arrangement. In between are the Cu and Li atoms. They exhibit an extensive disorder due to both, mixed and partial occupations making the alloy system Cu–Li–Sb a candidate for electrode materials to be used in Li-ion batteries.
Bright-Dark MixedN-Soliton Solution of Two-Dimensional Multicomponent Maccari System
Authors: Han Zhong , Chen Yong
Published: July 2017

Based on the KP hierarchy reduction method, we construct the general bright-dark mixedN-soliton solution of the two-dimensional (2D) (M+1)-component Maccari system comprised ofM-component short waves (SWs) and one-component long wave (LW) with all possible combinations of nonlinearities. We firstly consider two types of mixedN-soliton solutions (two-bright-one-dark and one-bright-two-dark solitons in SW components) to the (3+1)-component Maccari system in detail. Then by extending our analysis to the (M+1)-component Maccari system, its generalm-bright-(M–m)-dark mixedN-soliton solution is obtained. The formula obtained also contains the general all-bright and all-darkN-soliton solutions as special cases. For the two-bright-one-dark mixed soliton solution of the (3+1)-component Maccari system, it can be shown that solioff excitation and solioff interaction take place in the two SW components supporting bright solitons, whereas the SW component supporting dark solitons and the LW component possess V-type solitary and interaction.
A [Mo2O2S2]-based ring system incorporating tartrate as the bridging ligand: synthesis, structure and catalytic activity of Cs4[Mo2O2(μ-S)2]2(μ4-tart)2 (tart=[C4H2O6]4−)
Authors: Qian Ting-Ting , Cui Yu-Jie , Xin Zhifeng , Jia Ai-Quan , Zhang Qian-Feng
Published: July 2017

Treatment of [Mo2S2O2(H2O)6]2+ with racemic tartaric acid (tartH4) in the presence of sodium hydroxide and cesium chloride in aqueous solution led to the isolation of a new tetra-molybdenum ring cluster Cs4[Mo2O2(μ-S)2]2(μ4-tart)2. The cyclic cluster polyanion consists of two dinuclear [Mo2O2(μ-S)2]2+ moieties and two bridging tart4− ligands. The cyclic polyoxothiomolybdate cluster, supported on the mesoporous silica SBA-15, was tested for heterogenerous catalysis in thiophene hydrodesulfurization.
Reactive Wetting Controlled by Very Small Vertical Temperature Gradients in a Chemical Transport Mini Reactor
Authors: Dobbe Christian , Grotjahn Robin , Gebensleben Tim , Alphei Lukas David , Becker Verena , Becker Jörg August
Published: July 2017

Reactive wetting of quartz by silicon is an ideal model system for the understanding and control of reactive wetting effects. Very slow and well controlled reactive spreading of a small silicon droplet on quartz can be achieved and observed in a new type of chemical transport mini reactor equipped with a video microscope setup operating in the melting point vicinity of silicon at Tm=1685 K. The spreading velocities are investigated in dependence of a very small temperature gradient that causes a slight chemical gradient and induces a slow oxygen transport through the system. The oxygen source is a SiO2 substrate at the temperature TA. From here the oxygen is transported upwards through the liquid silicon droplet and is released to the gas phase in form of SiO-molecules. The SiO-molecules are transported towards a cooler SiO2 substrate at TB where SiO2-nano whiskers are formed via a vapor–liquid–solid-growth mechanism. In this way the oxygen drain is located in the gas phase above the droplet. The source reaction drives the reactive spreading process. By reducing the temperature difference ΔT=TB−TA<0 a very small chemical potential difference ΔμO=μOB−μOA<0 of the oxygen between the sessile droplet at position A and the whiskers at position B can be created and adjusted. The velocity of the moving triple line is then measured in dependence of ΔμO and expressed by a power law. The results are explained in terms of an irreversible thermodynamic model that couples the dynamics of the triple line to an ongoing solid state reaction in the underlying substrate, where a thin solid silicon suboxide gradient layer forms between substrate and melt. By fitting the data to the model formula one can determine reactive contributions to the tensions at the triple line and investigate these quantities in the limit ΔμO→−0.
Vorbeugende Leistungen für Kinder und Jugendliche in Zeiten knapper Kassen
Authors: Grohs Stephan , Reiter Renate
Published: July 2017

Severe fiscal constraints form the background for local social policy reform in many German municipalities since the early 2000s. According to a widespread thesis, local governments retreat from voluntary action in the field of social prevention and concentrate on their obligatory functions. The article addresses two questions: First, in how far can we really observe this trade-off between voluntary and obligatory functions? Second, what explains potential deviations from this “austerity thesis” and variation in the scope of local social policy?
Präventive Sozialpolitik?
Authors: Kaps Petra , Marquardsen kai
Published: July 2017

Since 2011 German municipalities are responsible for organizing the „BuT-Leistungen“. Ex negativo BuT-Leistungen should prevent children from low-income households from social exclusion, while ex positivo they are intended to expand future chances of participation in society by granting access to socio-cultural activities and education. Based on case studies, our article asks how municipalities strategically shape BuT-Leistungen to become more or less preventative.
Die Rolle der Kommunen in der Pflegepolitik
Authors: Brüker Daniela , Kaiser Petra , Leiber Simone , Leitner Sigrid
Published: July 2017

Ideally, preventive social policy measures do not only target children or young adults but complement the whole live course. In a first step, this article develops a conception of preventive care policy addressing (older) persons in need of care as well as their caregivers in Germany. In a second step, the role of municipalities – recently subject to political reform at the federal level – in supporting such a preventive approach to care provision is discussed. On the basis of a literature and social legislation review as well as expert interviews the authors point out that realigning local care policies in a preventive way is conditional on the transfer of steady resources from the federal and state governments to the level of municipalities.
Prognostic Value of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Risk Factors for Mortality in Patients with Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Oz Kursad , Iyigun Taner , Karaman Zeynep , Çelik Ömer , Akbay Ertan , Akınc Okan , Akınc Okan , Erkanli Korhan
Published: July 2017

Background: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a prognostic predictor in a wide range of cardiovascular disease. Acute aortic dissection (AD) is an uncommon but fatal cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated both prognostic factors in patients with AD and whether NLR can be a predictor for mortality. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively the data of 57 patients with AD who had undergone emergent surgery in our hospital and included 128 consecutive patients with chest pain admitted to the emergency room as a control group. Also, patients who were operated on due to aortic dissection as another subgroup were compared to NLR values. Baseline clinical features, cardiovascular risk factors, and surgical and laboratory parameters were obtained from the hospital database. Results: Patients with AD had higher NLR than the control group (1.7 ± 0.5 versus 7.6 ± 3.3, P < .001). In the AD group, 15 deaths occurred and non-survivors had significantly higher NLR, compared to survivors (11.6 ± 2.4 versus 6.6 ± 2.3, P < .001). In multivariate analysis, high NLR (odds ratio [OR] 1.913, 95% CI 1.030-1.081, P = .04) and cross-clamp time (OR 1.265, 95% CI 1.003-1.596, P = .04) were determined as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. In receiver operating characteristics curve analyses, the NLR > 9.3 predicted the mortality in AD with a specificity of 91% and a sensitivity of 86% (P < .001).Conclusion: This study shows that high NLR can be used as a marker for prognosis in short-term mortality of patient with AD. Additionally, increased lactate level in perioperative period, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time, and additional cardiac procedures are strong independent predictors of short-term mortality in patients with acute AD.
Median Sternotomy for Lung Transplantation: Techniques and Advantages
Authors: Teman Nicholas R , Xiao Jianzhou T , Tribble Curtis G , Parrino Patrick E
Published: July 2017

Lung transplantation is traditionally performed with a clamshell thoracotomy or bilateral anterior thoracotomy incisions. We have performed 121 lung transplants with a median sternotomy incision from 2013-2017. We present our technique for lung transplantation utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass with a median sternotomy, and discuss the potential advantages of this technique.
Hirtelen szívhalál sarcoidosis következtében
Authors: Sejben István , Som Zoltán , Cserni Gábor
Published: July 2017

Abstract:

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology, which is characterized by bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and pulmonary disease. Clinically detected cardiac involvement occurs in 5% of sarcoid patients, although cardiac manifestations are discovered in 25% of the cases at autopsy. Sarcoid heart disease frequently causes atrioventricular block. The authors present the case of a 44-year-old man with bradycardia. On admission, second degree Mobitz II, then third degree atrioventricular block was diagnosed. Coronarography showed normal coronary arteries. 2.5 years following artificial Biotronik Entovis DR type pacemaker implantation, sudden cardiac death occurred. Autopsy revealed sarcoidosis with cardiac, pulmonary, splenic, renal and lymph node involvement. In case of young or middle-aged patients with atrioventricular block, it is best to search for other causes if the most common coronary origin can be excluded. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(27): 1067–1070.