bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecting Impending Stroke From Cognitive Traits Evident in Internet Searches: Analysis of Archival Data (Preprint)
Authors: Shaklai Sigal , Gilad-Bachrach Ran , Yom-Tov Elad , Stern Naftali
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality and disability. Common risk assessment tools for stroke are based on the Framingham equation, which relies on traditional cardiovascular risk factors to predict an acute event in the near decade. However, no tools are currently available to predict a near/impending stroke, which might alert patients at risk to seek immediate preventive action (eg, anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation, control of hypertension).

OBJECTIVE

Here, we propose that an algorithm based on internet search queries can identify people at increased risk for a near stroke event.

METHODS

We analyzed queries submitted to the Bing search engine by 285 people who self-identified as having undergone a stroke event and 1195 controls with regard to attributes previously shown to reflect cognitive function. Controls included random people 60 years and above, or those of similar age who queried for one of nine control conditions.

RESULTS

The model performed well against all comparator groups with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.985 or higher and a true positive rate (at a 1% false-positive rate) above 80% for separating patients from each of the controls. The predictive power rose as the stroke date approached and if data were acquired beginning 120 days prior to the event. Good prediction accuracy was obtained for a prospective cohort of users collected 1 year later. The most predictive attributes of the model were associated with cognitive function, including the use of common queries, repetition of queries, appearance of spelling mistakes, and number of queries per session.

CONCLUSIONS

The proposed algorithm offers a screening test for a near stroke event. After clinical validation, this algorithm may enable the administration of rapid preventive intervention. Moreover, it could be applied inexpensively, continuously, and on a large scale with the aim of reducing stroke events.
An E–Mental Health Solution to Prevent and Manage Posttraumatic Stress Injuries Among First Responders in Alberta: Protocol for the Implementation and Evaluation of Text Messaging Services (Text4PTSI and Text4Wellbeing) (Preprint)
Authors: Obuobi-Donkor Gloria , Eboreime Ejemai , Bond Jennifer , Phung Natalie , Eyben Scarlett , Hayward Jake , Zhang Yanbo , MacMaster Frank , Clelland Steven , Greiner Russell , Jones Chelsea , Cao Bo , Brémault-Phillips Suzette , Wells Kristopher , Li Xin-Min , Hilario Carla , Greenshaw Andrew J , Agyapong Vincent Israel Opoku
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND

First responders are confronted with traumatic events in their work that has a substantial toll on their psychological health and may contribute to or result in posttraumatic stress injuries (PTSIs) for many responders. Persons with a PTSI usually seek management therapies. Evidence indicates that digital delivery of these therapies is an innovative, efficient, and effective way to improve PTSI symptoms as an adjunct to in-person delivery.

OBJECTIVE

This project aims to implement and provide accessible, convenient, and economical SMS text messaging services, known as Text4PTSI and Text4Wellbeing, to first responders in Alberta, Canada; to prevent and improve the symptoms of PTSI among first responders; and to improve their overall quality of life. We will evaluate posttraumatic symptoms and the impact of Text4PTSI and Text4Wellbeing on stress, anxiety, and depression in relation to the correspondents’ demographic backgrounds.

METHODS

First responders who subscribe to Text4PTSI or Text4Wellbeing receive daily supportive and psychoeducational SMS text messages for 6 months. The SMS text messages are preprogrammed into an online software program that delivers messages to subscribers. Baseline and follow-up data are collected through online questionnaires using validated scales at enrollment, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks (end point). In-depth interviews will be conducted to assess satisfaction with the text-based intervention.

RESULTS

We hypothesize that participants who enroll in this program will have improved PTSI symptoms; increased or improved quality of life; and significant reduction in associated stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms, among other psychological concerns. Improvement will be determined in comparison to established baseline parameters.

CONCLUSIONS

This research will be beneficial for practitioners and will inform policy-making and decision-making regarding psychological interventions for PTSI. Lessons from this study will inform the scale-up of the intervention, a cost-effective, zero contact therapeutic option to manage PTSI.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/30680
Pelatihan pada Kader Kesehatan dan Pembentukan Kelas Kesehatan “Hidup Sehat Dengan Diabetes Mellitus” Desa Sumbersari, Kecamatan Moyudan, Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Herini Elisabeth Siti , Kusumadewi Melina Dian , Yusmiyati Yusmiyati , Isnoor Adeta Stefianti
Published: May 2021

Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) atau dikenal juga sebagai penyakit kronis, yaitu penyakit yang tidak ditularkan dari orang ke orang. Salah satu jenis penyakit tidak menular yang prevalensinya selalu meningkat dari tahun ke tahun adalah Diabetes Mellitus. Pos Pembinaan Terpadu (Posbindu) PTM merupakan salah satu program prioritas pemerintah untuk mencapai kesehatan masyarakat yang lebih baik melalui upaya promotif dan preventif untuk mendeteksi dan mengendalikan secara dini keberadaan faktor risiko PTM. Kegiatan edukasi dan konseling di 4 meja Posbindu PTM di Desa Sumbersari belum berjalan dengan optimal. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh faktor kurangnya pembinaan terhadap kader Posbindu dan belum terbentuk kelas kesehatan sebagai implementasi kegiatan Posbindu kepada masyarakat sasaran. Kegiatan penelitian dan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan peran kader Posbindu PTM dalam melakukan edukasi dan konseling melalui pelatihan kader dan membentuk kelas kesehatan. Metode kegiatan ini meliputi pengembangan media edukasi, penyelenggaraan pelatihan kader, dan pembentukan kelas kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 80% kader menilai media edukasi dapat diterapkan, terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan kader sebelum dan sesudah pelatihan (p = 0.003, sig < 0.05), ada peningkatan ketrampilan kader dalam memberikan edukasi dan konseling, dan pasien mengatakan dapat merasakan manfaat dalam proses edukasi ini.
Optimalisasi Limbah Ternak sebagai Pupuk Organik di Desa Batu Mila Kecamatan Maiwa, Kabupaten Enrekang, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Nurhapsa Nurhapsa , Suherman Suherman , Irmayani Irmayani
Published: May 2021

Desa Batu Mila di Kecamatan Maiwa merupakan salah satu daerah penghasil jagung di Sulawesi Selatan. Untuk meningkatkan pendapatan, petani membudidayakan ternak kambing yang dikelola secara tradisional. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan banyaknya limbah dari kotoran ternak yang terbengkalai di sekitar kandang. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat agar dapat mengoptimalkan limbah berupa kotoran ternak menjadi pupuk organik yang bernilai ekonomi. Mitra kegiatan ini adalah Kelompok Tani Sikamaseang dan Kelompok Wanita Tani Dasawisma. Pengabdian dilaksanakan dengan metode penyuluhan dan pelatihan. Hasil pelatihan diharapkan dapat membangun kesadaran para petani untuk memanfaatkan kotoran ternak menjadi sumber pupuk organik yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menggantikan pupuk anorganik. Wawasan petani tentang pentingnya menjaga lingkungan diharapkan akan bertambah seiring meningkatnya pengetahuan mereka dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya alam menjadi pupuk organik.
Women farmer group empowerment through a community service in Gunungpati Sub-District, Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Fibriana Fidia , Khusniati Miranita , Tirtasari Ni Luh
Published: May 2021

The Women Farmer Group in Semarang was established in 2013, and it has been developing small businesses in the processing of local fresh milk into various snack products. However, the selling value has not reached the optimum results since it faces a problem in packaging quality. Therefore, as one of the goals of Tridarma of Indonesian higher education which have directed the university to care about problems in society, an accompaniment to the business was carried out for improving the quality of product packaging. There were three activities conducted, i.e.a, training; re-designing; and monitoring. The results of the community service showed that the program was highly effective to enhance the understanding of Women Farmer Group members on the importance of product packaging as a strategy of marketing proved by the results of the average posttest score at 80.55. Product testing to consumers shows that the new packaging could increase consumer buying interest in comparison to the old one. Also, with the new packaging, the non-preservative snacks could have a longer storability compared to the old packaging. In this community service activity, an empowerment model can be obtained and can be further developed.
Clinical and utilization outcomes associated with tumor mutational burden in a real-world pan-tumor population
Authors: Gautam Santosh , Kachroo Sumesh , DeClue Richard W , Fisher Maxine D , Basu Anirban
Published: May 2021

Aim & methods:
This real-world study examined the association of tumor mutational burden (TMB) with clinical and healthcare utilization in adults diagnosed with advanced solid tumor 1 January 2015– 31 January 2019.
Results:
There were 170 patients in low-TMB group (TMB<10 mut/Mb) and 32 in high-TMB group (TMB ≥10 mut/Mb). Median overall survival was 18.8 (95% CI: 17.3–28.8) and 15.9 months (95% CI: 11.3–18.0) whereas median progression-free survival was 9.9 (95% CI: 8.6–11.4) and 7.8 months (95% CI: 3.8–12.5) for the low- and high-TMB groups, respectively. Hospitalization (49.4 vs 37.5%), emergency visit (25.3 vs 21.9%), and median overall cost of care (US$135,403 vs 87,570) were all lower in low-TMB group.
Conclusion:
Despite the limited sample, these data provide a historical perspective for examining real-world outcomes associated with TMB.
FRONTEIRAS DA EDUCAÇÃO: ALUNOS INDÍGENAS E IMIGRANTES EM TEMPOS DE AULAS REMOTAS, UM OLHAR REFLEXIVO AO PROJETO “@PRENDENDOEMCASABV"
Authors: Araújo Elândia Gomes , Ferst Enia Maria , Santos Alessandra de Souza
Published: May 2021

O presente artigo resultou de pesquisa realizada a partir do material do Projeto Aprendendo em Casa BV, da Secretaria Municipal de Boa Vista – SMEC, cujo objetivo foi identificar se há no projeto em tela, atividades voltadas ao ensino do estudante imigrante e/ou indígena que ainda não domina a Língua Portuguesa, numa perspectiva de inclusão desses discentes. O impulso em realizar o trabalho sobre esta temática parte do interesse em verificar se houve inclusão desses alunos no ensino remoto nas escolas da rede municipal, a fim de identificar como se dá este processo e quais as metodologias utilizadas. Com isso, destacamos questões relacionadas às novas formas de ensinar, remotamente, como a necessidade de se conter a pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2). Para desenvolver esta investigação utilizou-se como metodologia a pesquisa documental, por meio de análise das atividades do Projeto Aprendendo em Casa BV, concomitantemente com a abordagem qualitativa, pois buscamos averiguar se existiu a atenção em elaborar atividades capazes de inserir esse público que não fala a língua portuguesa como língua materna. Os resultados apontam que o projeto em tela não demonstram cuidados específicos com os alunos imigrantes, pois todas as atividades disponibilizadas são elaboradas em língua portuguesa, nesse mesmo sentido os discentes indígenas também foram deixados à margem, pois somente depois de decorridos mais de dois meses do início dessa proposta é que disponibilizaram atividades nas línguas indígenas Macuxi e Wapichana, todavia tratando essas atividades como sendo complementares, evidenciando o caráter monolíngue existente em nossas escolas.
Features of angiogenesis in eye diseases
Authors: Khalimov T. A.
Published: May 2021

Based on the analysis of published data, the review provides information on the role and mechanisms of angiogenesis in the development of eye diseases. It has been shown that the developing inflammatory process associated with infections or damage to the organ of vision almost always leads to the appearance of newly formed vessels in the avascular cornea. The progression, in particular, of age-related macular degeneration is associated with the immune-mediated development of angiogenesis processes. A key inducer of angiogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), whose activity can be enhanced by a number of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF-), growth (fibroblast growth factor, FGF) and transforming factors (transforming growth factor beta, TGF- ). In addition, VEGF overproduction is mediated by an imbalance of pro-angiogenic (angiogenin) and anti-angiogenic (angiostatin, vasostatin, endostatin; tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases) factors. Antiangiogenic activity based on inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been successfully used in the treatment of a number of eye diseases, such as exudative age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema, the pathogenesis of which is based on the growth of newly formed vessels. The review presents information on the main anti-angiogenic drugs for intravitreal administration, used in ophthalmology.
Estimation of corneal thickness ex vivo and in vivo at instillation of photosensitizer solutions in different modifications of UV corneal crosslinking
Authors: Bikbov M. M. , Khalimov A. R. , Surkova V. K. , Kazakbaeva G. M.
Published: May 2021

Objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of photosensitizer solutions in the experiment in different modifications of standard UV corneal crosslinking. Materials and Methods. Experiments were performed on 32 enucleated porcine eyes ex vivo and 12 rabbits (24 eyes) in vivo, divided into 4 groups depending on instillations of the photosensitizer solutions: Dextralink, Ribolink, Hypolink and Riboflavin. Evaluation of corneal saturation was performed using two modifications of standard UV CXL: in the first case, instillation of the photosensitizer solution was performed during the entire crosslinking procedure (30 min - saturation and 30 min - ultraviolet irradiation); in the second case, instillations lasted only for the first 30 minutes, the precorneal riboflavin film was removed, and instillation of solution was not performed. Results and Discussion. Instillation of photosensitizer solutions within 60 minutes showed that Dextralink significantly reduced the thickness of the cornea by about 24 % ex vivo and 21 % in vivo, while Hypolink, on the contrary, caused its increase by 9 % ex vivo and 23 % in vivo, respectively. The use of Ribolink and Riboflavin did not change the linear parameters of the cornea during the entire follow-up period. The results of the 2nd series of studies showed that effects of solutions on the cornea during their instillation for 30 minutes were generally preserved during the entire observation period up to 60 minutes. In the group where Dextralink and Hypolink solutions were used, there was a slight tendency to normalization of the initial parameters of the cornea. Conclusion. Safe and effective implementation of UV crosslinking of the cornea is possible on the basis of a rational approach to the performing the stages of stroma saturation with photosensitizer solutions, depending on the initial state of the cornea: Dextralink is recommended for a thickness of more than 450 m, Ribolink - at 400-450 m, Hypolink - from 350 to 400 m. Halting of instillations on the saturated stroma during UV irradiation is advisable to be accompanied by intraoperative control of its thickness. When performing a standard crosslinking technique, where instillations of photosensitizer accompany the stage of UV irradiation of the cornea, it is necessary to take into account the presence of a precorneal film that can absorb some of the radiation energy. The peculiarity of this crosslinking technique can be considered as a potential way to protect intraocular tissues from excessive exposure to UV radiation.
Safety and Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Moderately Advanced Post-Traumatic Arthritis of the Ankle
Authors: Stiene Henry
Published: May 2021

Background: Orthobiologics such as mesenchymal stromal cells and platelet-rich plasma are intensely being investigated as treatment options for osteoarthritis. The purpose of this retrospective case series is to evaluate the safety, adverse events, long-term outcomes, and efficacy of bone marrow concentrate (BMC) combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to treat moderate to advanced Kellgren-Lawrence (KL3-4) post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis.Methods: Study population at final follow-up included 19 patients with 22 treated ankles with post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis with a mean duration of symptoms of 56 months before treatment with ultrasound-guided intra-articular injection of BMC and PRP. Patients were followed prospectively from the time of treatment for a mean of 2.6 years at final follow-up. Pre and post Foot and Ankle Disability (FADI) scores were tabulated to assess outcomes, and 7 patients also completed the FADI sports module. Total nucleated cell counts were obtained on all treated patients and Mishra Type 3A PRP was utilized.Results: A total of 19 of 22 ankles treated showed improvement in their FADI scores. Thirteen of the 19 who had improved FADI scores patients reached MCID (P = .17). Three of the six patients who did not reach MCID eventually underwent ankle arthrodesis. The average patient age was 56 years old. There was no correlation between the history of previous surgery, KL grade, sex, or age in terms of outcomes. Seven patients completed the sports module of the FADI, and none reached MCID. Patients with a shorter duration of symptoms had higher post-FADI scores reaching MCID (P < .001). The three patients who underwent arthrodesis had the longest duration of symptoms of 84, 84, and 120 months. No adverse effects were reported in the study group. Total nucleated cell count (TNCC) did not correlate with outcomes in this group, and there was no correlation of TNCC based on age and sex.Conclusion: BMC combined with PRP is a safe treatment option for patients with moderate to advanced ankle arthritis and can provide functional pain relief for a sustained period and delay or possibly obviate the need for future ankle arthrodesis. A shorter duration of symptoms may lead to improved outcomes.
Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Masyarakat, Serta Kondisi Lingkungan Pada Peningkatan Kasus Leptospirosis di Wilayah Puskesmas Kesugihan II, Kabupaten Cilacap, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Trapsilowati Wiwik , Mulyono Arief , Indriyani Siska , Negari K. Sekar , Nugroho Arief , Joharina Arum Sih , Pujiyanti Aryani , Ristiyanto Ristiyanto , Kinansi Revi Rosavika
Published: May 2021

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis with a wide spread, both in Indonesia and globally. Leptospirosis risk factors are mainly behavioral and environmental factors. This study aims to describe the knowledge, behavior and environment of leptospirosis infected areas in Karangkandri Village, Cilacap Regency, Central Java. The research design was cross sectional with descriptive analysis. Respondents in the study were residents who lived in areas where leptospirosis cases occurred. Data collection was carried out by interview with a structured questionnaire instrument. The results showed that respondents who had knowledge of leptospirosis in the less category were 71.43%, 25.71% in the moderate category and 2.86% in the good category. The behavior of respondents in the less category was 85.71% and 14.29% was moderate, there was no good category. Environmental conditions in 14.29% for the less category and the medium category for 85.71%, there was no good category. Between knowledge and education there was a significant relationship (p <0.05), while knowledge with behavior and knowledge with the environment has an insignificant relationship (p> 0.05). Keywords: Leptospirosis, knowledge, behavior, environment

Abstrak

Leptospirosis merupakan zoonosis dengan penyebaran yang luas, baik di Indonesia maupun secara global. Faktor risiko terkait dengan kejadian leptospirosis terutama faktor perilaku dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengetahuan, perilaku dan lingkungan wilayah tertular leptospirosis di Desa Karangkandri, Kabupaten Cilacap, Jawa Tengah. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan analisis secara deskriptif. Responden penelitian adalah warga yang bertempat tinggal di wilayah terjadi kasus leptospirosis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dengan instrumen kuesioner terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa responden yang memiliki pengetahuan tentang leptospirosis kategori kurang sebesar 71,43%, kategori sedang sebesar 25,71% dan 2,86% kategori baik. Perilaku responden kategori kurang sebesar 85,71% dan sedang sebesar 14,29%, kategori baik tidak ada. Kondisi lingkungan kategori kurang 14,29% dan kategori sedang sebesar 85,71% tidak ada kategori baik. Antara pengetahuan dengan pendidikan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (p<0,05), sedang pengetahuan dengan perilaku dan pengetahuan dengan lingkungan terdapat hubungan yang tidak signifikan (p>0,05).

Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, perilaku, lingkungan, leptospirosis.
Diel timing of nest predation changes across breeding season in a subtropical shorebird
Authors: Sládeček Martin , Brynychová Kateřina , Elhassan Esmat , Salek Miroslav , Janatová Veronika , Vozabulová Eva , Chajma Petr , Firlová Veronika , Pešková Lucie , Almuhery Aisha , Bulla Martin
Published: May 2021

Predation is the most common cause of nest failure in birds. While nest
predation is relatively well studied in general, our knowledge is
unevenly distributed across the globe and taxa, with for example limited
information on shorebirds breeding in sub-tropics. Importantly, we know
fairly little about the timing of predation within a day and season.
Here, we followed 444 nests of red-wattled lapwings (Vanellus indicus),
a ground-nesting shorebird, for a sum of 7828 days to estimate a nest
predation rate, and continuously monitored 230 of these nests for a sum
of 2779 days to reveal how the timing of predation changes over the day
and season in a sub-tropical desert. We found that 312 nests (70%)
hatched, 76 nests (17%) were predated, 23 (5%) failed for other
reasons and 33 (7%) had an unknown fate. Daily predation rate was
0.95% (95%CrI: 0.76% – 1.19%), which for a 30-day long incubation
period translates into ~25% (20% – 30%) chance of
nest being predated. Such a predation rate is low compared to most other
avian species. Predation events (N = 25) were distributed evenly across
day and night, with a tendency for increased predation around sunrise.
Predation rate and events were distributed evenly also across the
season, although night predation was more common later in the season,
perhaps because predators reduce their activity during daylight to avoid
extreme heat. Indeed, nests were never predated when mid-day ground
temperatures exceeded 45°C. Whether the diel activity pattern of
resident predators undeniably changes across the breeding season and
whether the described predation patterns hold for other populations,
species and geographical regions awaits future investigations.
The median effective concentration of propofol with different doses of esketamine during gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly patients：a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yang Hua , Zhao Qian , Chen Hai-yan , Liu Wen , Ding Tong , Yang Bin , Song Jin-Chao
Published: May 2021

Abstract Background: Propofol may result in hypotension, bradycardia,
and loss of protective reflexes, especially in elderly patients, while
esketamine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists, has analgesic,
anaesthetic and sympathomimetic properties and is known to cause less
cardiorespiratory depression. We hypothesized that esketamine may reduce
the median effective concentration (EC50) of propofol and cause more
stable haemodynamic responses during gastrointestinal endoscopy in
elderly patients. Methods: Ninety elderly patients, aged 65-89 years,
undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy were randomly assigned into three
groups: SK0.25 group (0.25 mg/kg esketamine), SK0.5 group (0.5 mg/kg
esketamine) and saline control group. Anaesthesia was achieved by
target-controlled infusion of propofol with an initial plasma
concentration of 2.5 μg/ml with different bolus doses of esketamine
during gastrointestinal endoscopy. The EC50 of propofol for
gastrointestinal endoscopy was determined by using an up-and-down method
of Dixon with an adjacent concentration gradient at 0.5μg/mL to prohibit
purposeful movements. Cardiovascular parameters were also measured and
recorded. Results: Propofol EC50 and its 95% confidence interval for
gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly patients were 1.71 (1.15-2.27)
μg/mL in SK0.5 group, 2.45 (1.85-3.05) μg/mL in SK0.25 group and 3.69
(2.59-4.78) μg/mL in control group respectively (P < 0.05).
The average percent change to baseline mean arterial pressure (MBP) was
-19.7 (7.55), -15.2 (7.14) and -10.1 (6.73) with P＜0.001, in the
control group, the SK0.25 group and the SK0.5 group, respectively.
Conclusions: Combination medication of propofol with esketamine reduced
the propofol EC50 during gastrointestinal endoscopy in elderly patients
and caused more stable haemodynamic responses compared with single
administration of propofol.
Synchronization of Markovian Jump Neural Networks for Sampled Data Control Systems With Additive Delay Components:Analysis of Image Encryption Technique
Authors: M Tamil Thendral , T.R Ganesh Babu , A Chandrasekar , Cao Yang
Published: May 2021

In an modern world, image encryption played an vital role to prevent our
data from illegal abuser entrée. Based on this, in this paper the
Markovian jump neural networks for synchronization of sampled-data
control systems with {two additive delay components are used on the
looped functional method and its direct application is applied in image
encryption.} Meanwhile, $x({t_{\chi}} )$ and
$x({t_{\chi+1}})$ denotes the information states
with tuning parameter and a few slack variable which is introduced in
the derived result. Furthermore, the sampled-data controller is intended
both the present and delayed state information, to enroll the control
performance and flexibility. Finally by using the new technique, the
several examples are highlighted in the numerical section and also the
effectiveness of an image encryption is studied.
Cribriform glands are associated with worse outcome than other pattern 4 subtypes: A study of prognostic and clinicopathologic characteristics of prostate adenocarcinoma with an emphasis on grade groups
Authors: Gun Eylul , Ocal Irfan
Published: May 2021

Aim: Although prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common cancer in men,
survival is quite high and with the help of histopathological
examination using the updated classification, patient management
strategies are developing. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between
the histopathological features and biochemical recurrence (BCR) in
patients who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) using the new
classification. Methods: A total of 285 prostate adenocarcinoma cases
that underwent RP between January 2009 and December 2017 and followed up
for at least 3 months were included in the study. The cases were
re-evaluated according to WHO-ISUP 2016 classification and the findings
were recorded. Results: The mean age was 63,4 years. Gleason scores of
the cases were as follows: 3+3 144 cases (50.5%), 3+4 81 cases
(28.4%), 4+3 28 cases (9.8%), 4+4 7 cases (2.5%) , 3+5 6 cases
(2.1%), 5+3 2 cases (0.7%), 4+5 17 cases (6%). There were 198
(69,5%) pT2, 54 (18,9%) pT3a and 33 (11,6%) pT3b cases. The mean
follow-up time was 44,1 months and BCR was detected in 97 cases (34%).
The relationship between the Group Grades and BCR was statistically
significant. BCR rate increased as the tumor volume and the percentage
of pattern 4 increased (p<0.001).There was a significant
correlation between preoperative PSA value, extraprostatic extension,
seminal vesicle invasion, surgical margin positivity, tumor volume,
pattern 4 percentage, presence of cribriform glands and BCR and
recurrence-free survival in both univariate and multivariate analysis
and recurrence-free survival was also affected by these parameters.
Among the morphological subtypes of Pattern 4, recurrence-free survival
decreased as the incidence of cribriform glands increased (p
<0.001). Conclusion: Histopathological evaluation is important
in predicting BCR in prostate adenocarcinoma, the Group Grade system
seems to be helpful in this regard. More studies are needed to prove the
relatively worse prognostic effect of cribriform glands.
Single-Sweep Pulmonary Vein Isolation using the new third-generation laser balloon -- Evolution in ablation style using endoscopic ablation system
Authors: Tohoku Shota , Bordignon Stefano , Trolese Luca , Zanchi Simone , Bianchini Lorenzo , Operhalski Felix , Chen Shaojie , Chun KR Julian , Schmidt Boris
Published: May 2021

Background: The endoscopic ablation system (EAS) is an established
ablation device for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with
atrial fibrillation (AF). The novel X3 EAS is now equipped with a
contiguous circumferential ablation mode (RAPID mode). Aim: To determine
the feasibility of single-sweep ablation using X3. Methods: Consecutive
patients who underwent AF ablation using X3 were enrolled. We assessed
the acute procedural data focusing on “Single-sweep PVI” defined as
PVI with a single energy application using RAPID mode to complete the
circular lesion set, and on “first-pass isolation” defined as
successful visually guided PVI after initial circular lesion set.
Results: One-hundred AF patients (56% male, age 68±10 years, 66%
paroxysmal AF) were analyzed. A total of 379 of 383 PVs (99%) were
isolated with X3. Single-sweep isolation and first-pass-isolation were
achieved in 214 PVs (56%) and in 362 PVs (95%), respectively.
Single-sweep isolation rates varied across PVs with higher rates at the
superior PVs (61.2% vs. inferior PVs:49.5%, P=0.0239) and at PVs with
maximal ostial diameter <24mm (57.6% vs. >24mm:
36.8%, P=0.0151). The mean total procedure and fluoroscopy times were
43.0±10 and 4.0±2 mins, respectively. In none of the patients an acute
thromboembolic event (stroke or transient ischemic attack) or a
pericardial effusion/tamponade occurred. A single transient phrenic
nerve palsy was observed. Conclusion: The new X3 EAS allows for
single-sweep PVI in 56% of PVs. The new RAPID ablation mode leads to an
improved rate of first-pass isolation associated with very short
procedure times without compromising safety.
Auditors' Response to Auditor Business Risk: An Analysis Using Public and Private Companies
Authors: Bae Gil Soo , Choi Seung Uk , Lee Jae Eun
Published: May 2021

Using audit hours and hourly audit fees for a large sample of public and private companies, we examine how auditors respond to auditor business risk. We find that auditors work more hours and charge higher hourly fees when auditing public companies than when auditing private companies. A difference-in-differences time-series comparison of the pre- and post-initial public offering (IPO) periods also indicates that both audit hours and hourly audit fees are higher for the post-IPO period than for the pre-IPO period of the company. This suggests that auditors respond to an increase in auditor business risk by increasing audit effort and charging a risk premium for the residual risk that additional effort alone does not fully address.

Data Availability: All data are retrieved from the public sources stated in the paper.

JEL Classifications: M4; M42.
The Variety of Diversity Considerations in the Director-Nomination Process: Evidence from the Dow 30
Authors: Cussatt Marc , Harris M. Kathleen , Xiao Fangjun
Published: May 2021

A large body of diversity literature examines outcomes associated with specific dimensions of board diversity, such as gender or racial diversity. This paper provides descriptive evidence on inputs to board diversity by analyzing the language contained in diversity disclosures of companies listed on the 2019 Dow Jones Industrial Average. Our analyses demonstrate that the concept of diversity is vast, has different meanings to different audiences, and continues to evolve. In addition, we investigate whether the language used in the disclosures reflects actual diversity for the boards in our sample. Based on our analyses, we discuss potential normative implications, regulatory insights, and limitations related to the disclosures, and highlight avenues for future research. This study will be of interest to researchers and practitioners evaluating how diversity impacts board performance, as well as practitioners and regulators defining, implementing, and/or assessing diversity policies in the hiring process.

Data Availability: All data are publicly available.
Adding Fuel to the Fire: How Non-Contingent Bonuses Relate to Entitlement and Affect Pursuit of Worker Self-Interest
Authors: Holderness D. Kip , Olsen Kari Joseph , Tomlinson Edward C.
Published: May 2021

Prior research has explored how psychological entitlement (a trait) fuels worker expressions of self-interest and leads to fraudulent and other counterproductive workplace behaviors. However, entitlement can also be conceptualized as a state. As such, managers might unwittingly contribute to workers' sense of entitlement through administrative decisions that increase workers' state entitlement. We examine the distinction and hypothesized interaction between trait and state entitlement and their effects on workplace outcomes. We test our hypotheses in two settings where worker expressions of self-interest may manifest—in the context of a hypothetical job offer negotiation and an employment simulation. We find that non-contingent bonuses increase state entitlement. We also find that both employees' state and trait entitlement influence workplace outcomes. Thus, to limit negative outcomes due to entitlement in the workplace, managers should consider both whom they hire as well as how workplace incentives foster an entitled workforce.
The Influence of Institutional Differences on Control Mechanisms in Alliances
Authors: Zeng Wei , Lillis Anne M. , Grafton Jennifer , Dekker Henri C.
Published: May 2021

Cross-border alliances expose firms to heightened risks, posing different governance and control challenges than domestic alliances. We examine the impact of differences in alliance partner countries' institutional environments. Analysis of survey data supports our contention that cross-border alliances involve a greater reliance on formal controls, particularly when firms collaborate with partners in countries with a weaker institutional environment. These relations exist regardless of governance structure (i.e., equity or non-equity alliance) that prior research considers a critical choice for addressing cross-border alliance risks. Additional analyses show that four subdimensions of institutional characteristics (voice and accountability, regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of corruption) and one subdimension of formal controls (behavior controls) are the main drivers in the association between institutional distance and reliance on formal controls. These findings demonstrate the distinct impact of institutional environment as a country-level determinant of alliance control choices.

Data Availability: Due to confidentiality agreements with respondents, the data cannot be released publicly.

JEL Classifications: D23; D82; L22; M4.
PARALLELIZATION OF RSA CRYPTOGRAPHIC ALGORITHM BASED ON CUDA TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Mochurad Lesia , Kryvenchuk Yurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Yatsyshyn Svyatoslav ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: May 2021

The paper examines the efficiency of the application of CUDA technologies for the parallelization of the cryptographic algorithm with the public key. The speed of execution of several implementations of the algorithm is compared: sequential implementation on the CPU and two parallel implementations – on the CPU and GPU. A description of the public key algorithm is presented, as well as properties that allow it to be parallelized. The advantages and disadvantages of parallel implementations are analyzed. It is shown that each of them can be suitable for different scenarios. The software was developed and several numerical experiments were performed. The reliability of the obtained results of encryption and decryption is confirmed. To eliminate the influence of external factors at the time of execution the algorithm was tested ten times in a row and the average value was calculated. Acceleration coefficients for message encryption and decryption algorithms were estimated based on OpenMP and CUDA technology. The proposed approach focuses on the possibility of further optimization through the prospects of developing a multi-core architecture of computer systems and graphic processors.
MATERIAL TEST AND RESULTS ESTIMATION BY SAFETY INDEXES
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Mykyjchuk Mykola , Rudyk Y. ,   Lviv State University of Life Safety
Published: May 2021

In the article, both the test method features and the test results of research of thermal behavior of steel fragment were analyzed. Two types of test conditions for steel construction material were considered. The definition and main features of measurement techniques were presented. Fire retardant material test results for steel plates with hydrogen combustion shown the limit of fire resistance of the tested samples is more than 30 min. The main advantages and disadvantages of the test were determined. The positive and negative aspects of this approach were analyzed. These techniques' effective thermal condition is in an environment of uncertainty and has no limited resources was established. Concepts and principles for establishing validity, and frameworks and methods for validating test methods and their results are important elements of safety systems. The article considers the safety of the technical component of a complex organizational and technical system with the study of the functional relationship between the safety elements parameters: temperature, time, fire retardant – by hydrogen participation.
Emotional Needs and Schematic Functioning in Depression: A Narrative Review
Authors: STROIAN Paula I.
Published: May 2021

"Grounded in cognitive theory, the schema therapy model of psychopathology
proposes a set of maladaptive cognitive structures, called early maladaptive
schemas, resulting from the invalidation of emotional needs. More recently,
the schema therapy model has been adapted for use with depressed clients.
However, the utility of addressing emotional needs in the psychotherapeutic
treatment of depression has not been established. The present paper aims to
provide a narrative review of the current literature on basic needs as
motivational factors in depression and their relation to schematic
functioning. Theoretical considerations and practical evidence on the use of
constructs related to basic motivation in depression are drawn from the
literature on the cognitive and schema therapy-based models of depression.
The implications for the theoretical understanding of needs are discussed, as
are future directions for the research of schematic functioning in depression."
" Measuring Momentary Experiential Avoidance in Daily Life: A Preliminary Investigation for a New Contingency-Based Measurement Framework"
Authors: SHIMA Taiki , INOUE Kazuya , MUTO Takashi , KUMANO Hiroaki
Published: May 2021

"This preliminary investigation aims to develop a new measure for momentary experiential avoidance in daily life using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and a small sample. To measure momentary experiential avoidance, this study devised a new method that involves capturing reductions in unwanted experiences after a behavior has occurred based on negative reinforcement characteristics. A daily life investigation on students (N = 25) indicated that although “a momentary experiential avoidance index” did not correlate with acceptance and commitment therapy or symptomrelated questionnaires, it could partially predict a decrease in “irritation” and an increase in “satisfaction” after a behavior that is measured separately from an unpleasant private experience preceding the behavior. Moreover, the momentary experiential avoidance index predicted a number of positive mood states only in a group with high global experiential avoidance defined by a self-report questionnaire. Although the momentary experiential avoidance index may measure one aspect of experiential avoidance, consistent results were not obtained. Thus, this preliminary investigation only suggests the potential of expanding the measurement framework and reveals issues that require further examination."
Acción colectiva para la regularización dominial. Análisis de la experiencia del barrio El Molino de La Plata
Authors: Di Croce Garay Andrea
Published: May 2021

En los procesos de transformación de las condiciones habitacionales de los barrios populares inciden diversos actores y factores, lo que permite analizarlos desde múltiples dimensiones. En este trabajo se propone indagar en la dimensión colectiva de esos procesos, buscando reconocer las especificidades que aporta al mejoramiento del hábitat. Para ello se acude al estudio de un caso, en el que se tuvo por objetivo la regularización dominial de un barrio surgido de una ocupación de tierras. El trabajo fue realizado a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas, participación en asambleas barriales y recorridos por el barrio, actividades complementadas con el análisis de publicaciones de las organizaciones sociales intervinientes y datos de distintos registros públicos. El análisis permitió registrar la relevancia de la acción organizada en el acceso a la regularización dominial (así como al mejoramiento de distintos aspectos habitacionales), al tiempo que reconoce la necesaria voluntad estatal y política para el avance de estas operatorias.
THE RUSSIAN’S DIGITAL SOVEREIGNTY AS A TECHNICAL BASIS OF INFORMATION SECURITY
Authors: Bukharin V. V.
Published: May 2021

The article deals with the problem of the emergence of concept of "information sovereignty" in Russia, the prospects for its practical and theoretical introduction to the scientific revolution. The problem of "information sovereignty" in the normative documents of Russia, China and other Countries is examined. The focus of the article, first time in the domestic and foreign historiography, the technical aspects of independence in the field of digital technologies is analyzed. In this connection, the most important components of digital sovereignty is analyzed, technically ensuring national security. The author concludes that the main feature of the Russian technical resources to ensure the sovereignty of the information is fragmentary and uneven in the development of its components. The greatest progress has been made in the development of components such as the Russian search engines, social networks, national segment of "Internet"and the navigation system. Russian software and hardware require to ensure the accelerated development of information sovereignty, Russia's national security. The greatest attention should be Russian payment system, because this issue is directly dependent on the direction of development of the national economy. The problem of information sovereignty is largely related to issues of public decision-making, in bringing regulatory and legislative framework in line with the national security concept of the country.
UKRAINIAN ELITES STRATEGIES TO DONBAS: «BIG DATA»-RESEARCH OF THE FACEBOOK NATIONAL SEGMENT
Authors: Tokarev A. A.
Published: May 2021

The conflict in the South-East of Ukraine has acquired a protracted nature, what is significantly affected by three main factors. 1) The main actors of the conflict (Ukraine, DPR/LPR, Russia, USA, OSCE) have in principle different opinions about its resolution/escalation. Secondly, despite the recognition of the DPR/LPR territory belonging de jure to Ukraine by majority of actors, the basic document "Minsk-2" uses by the discursive, but not a real support of the actors. Third, Ukraine does not have a consolidated position in the national community and elites concerning the Donbass. Fourth, contrary to the technical, economic, and military support for the region by Russia the official Kiev is the main promoter of secession in Donbas by means of ATO, in spite of the public discourse about the need to reintegrate these territories. Research question: what strategy for the Donbass are shared by Ukrainian elites? Methodological basis: analysis of the Ukrainian Facebook network segment with a combination of quantitative (Big Data) and qualitative (in-depth interviews) methodology. Results: the topic of Donbass in general very poorly presented on the pages of top Ukrainian bloggers in Facebook. The test content is mainly Russian-speaking, Russia is mentioned more often than Donbas. The US and Europe occupy roughly equal positions in the public discourse on the number of references. In the array of almost 90 000 posts in the first 10 months of 2016 only 6% relate to the region of Donbass. Number of posts that contain not the strategic vision of the Donbass future, but only mention of it, is less than half-percent. As a result of manual processing of data, the author comes to the key findings - Ukrainian elites have no the consensus strategy for the Donbass, but strategies to froze the conflict and to conquer of Donbass compete one to each other. The region is not perceived like an object for which Ukraine should fight not only for the territory, but also the people. In conclusion author presented the later iterations which are necessary to improve the degree of verification of the findings in the new study.
ROARing 20’s: Cultivating Responsible, Optimal, Authentic, and Resilient Students
Authors: Entsuah Padma , Gorman Kelly , Hawkins Jaclyn , Coleman Raphael
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 exacerbated a multitude of challenges facing institutions of higher education. The abrupt transition to virtual programming and support services substantially impacted how students lived, learned, and stayed connected to their campus environments. With this shift, one institution reimagined their orientation programming to prioritize advancing community well-being through a student-centered and equity-minded approach. These frameworks informed the strategy for helping students understand the interconnectedness of health and well-being topics as they matriculate into, and engage with, the campus community. This initiative increased students’ knowledge, confidence, and intention to support themselves and their peers as they transition to the college environment.