bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Wir sind doch nicht blöd", oder?
Authors: Ax Christine , Bierter Willy
Published: April 2018

Kaum ein Bereich in der Umweltpolitik ist bei näherem Hinsehen so voller Widersprüche und Absurditäten wie die Kreislaufwirtschaft. 1994 wurde in der Bundesrepublik das Kreislaufwirtschaftsgesetz verabschiedet. Dort steht geschrieben: Weiter- und Wiederverwendung hat Vorrang vor stofflicher oder thermischer Verwertung. Theoretisch müsste die Elektro(nik)branche schon lange auf dem Weg in die Kreislaufwirtschaft sein. Praktisch jedoch dreht sich das Karussell der Energie- und Rohstoffentwertung schneller denn je. Die ökologischen Leitplanken – schon lange angekündigt – sind immer noch nicht in Sicht.
Bottom-Up statt Top-down
Authors: Becker Thomas
Published: April 2018

Produktbezogener Umweltschutz betrifft unmittelbar den Markt. Er berührt den Kern der Überlebensfähigkeit der Unternehmen – die Leistungen für ihre Kunden. Integrierte Produktpolitik ist deshalb für den Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie (BDI) ein ganz wichtiges Thema. Die Industrie hat die bisherige konzeptionelle Diskussion intensiv begleitet. Nun steht die Konkretisierung an
Der Blick zurück aus der Zukunft
Authors: Schrader Ulf , Bode Matthias , Pfeiffer Christiane
Published: April 2018

Der private Haushalt der Zukunft muss nachhaltig sein oder es wird langfristig keine lebenswerte Zukunft geben. Dies war die normative Ausgangshypothese eines von der Europäischen Kommission finanzierten Forschungsprojektes. Das Projektteam zog daraus die Konsequenz, sich an der wünschenswerten, der nachhaltigen und nicht an der wahrscheinlichen Zukunft zu orientieren. Die Ableitung von Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien folgte deshalb dem sogenannten "Backcasting”-Ansatz. Dieser wird am Beispiel der Funktion Wohnklima vorge­stellt.
RUN for sustainability
Authors: Störmer Eckhard
Published: April 2018

Wie kann in Unternehmen ein Lernprozess unter dem Vorzeichen eines umweltorientierten oder nachhaltigen Wirtschaftens angeregt werden? Informationsbezogene Vernetzung ist ein nicht ganz neuer Weg, auf den gerade lokale und regionale Agenda 21-Prozesse setzen. Die Zielrichtung sowie die Funktionsweisen derartiger Netzwerke sind allerdings ambivalent. Eine empirische Studie zeigt, was wirkungsvolle regionale umweltinformationsorientierte Unternehmensnetzwerke (RUN) ausmacht.
Bekenntnis zur Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Schiegl Wolf-Eberhard , Thurm Ralph
Published: April 2018

Nachhaltige Entwicklung ist seit der Konferenz in Rio 1992 zum politischen Leitbegriff geworden. Auch wenn dies größtenteils unbemerkt von einer breite­ren Öffentlichkeit passiert, so gewinnt das Thema gerade international deutlich an Fahrt. Um ihrer zunehmenden gesellschaftlichen Verantwortung gerecht zu werden, haben sich Unternehmen aus allen Teilen der deutschen Wirtschaft kürzlich im Forum Nachhaltige Entwicklung zusammengeschlossen
Selbstbewertung mit Anspruch
Authors: Clausen Jens , Stahlmann Volker
Published: April 2018

Wie kann die Umweltleistung eines Unternehmens so gemessen werden, dass tatsächlich Fortschritte auf dem Weg zur Nachhaltigkeit damit abgebildet wer­den können? Das hierzu vorgestellte Instrument beruht auf einer Selbstbewer­tung durch die Unternehmen und zeichnet sich durch drei Besonderheiten aus: Es hebt strategische und produktbezogene Aspekte hervor, berücksichtigt neben der Öko-Effizienz auch die Öko-Effektivität und kombiniert reale und monetäre Größen. Interessante Perspektiven verspricht eine Kombination mit dem Kon­zept der Balanced Scorecard.
Kreativität oder Norm?
Authors: Raupach Michaela , Clausen Jens
Published: April 2018

In der Entwicklung der Berichterstattung von Unternehmen zeichnet sich immer deutlicher ein Trend zum integrierten Reporting über die drei Dimensionen der Nachhaltigkeit ab. Dies gilt in Deutschland wie weltweit. Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung ist jedoch als Entwicklungsprozess zu betrachten. Er kann einer­seits durch eine zu frühe oder zu stringente Standardisierung gehemmt werden, andererseits durch eine Vereinfachung mit Hilfe von Leitlinien für Unternehmen erheblich erleichtert und so schneller vorangetrieben werden. Gesucht ist, wie so häufig, der goldene Mittelweg.
Standard für soziale Verantwortung
Authors: Lohrie Achim
Published: April 2018

Wie kann die soziale Dimension der Nachhaltigkeit im Unternehmen konkretisiert werden? Ein Vorschlag hierzu ist die von Nichtregierungsorganisationen angestoßene freiwillige Zertifizierungsinitiative Social Accountability 8000. In Pilotprojekten hat der Otto Versand diesen Management-Standard bei seinen Lieferanten getestet und so wertvolle Erfahrungen über dessen Vorteile und Optimierungspotenziale gesammelt.
Ist langsamer wirklich nachhaltiger?
Authors: Nordbeck Ralf
Published: April 2018

Was lange währt, wird endlich gut. Sollte diese Spruchweisheit auch in der Politik ihre Gültigkeit besitzen, der Rat für Nachhaltige Entwicklung der deutschen Bundesregierung müsste mit einem wahren Feuerwerk öko­logisch glänzender Ideen aufwarten können. Damit solche auch Wirkung erzielen, muss er jedoch erst einige Hindernisse überwinden
Governancestrukturen für Nachhaltigkeit
Authors: Petschow Ulrich
Published: April 2018

Einführung in das Schwerpunktthema
Wechsel-Wirkung
Authors: Franken Marcus
Published: April 2018

Der derzeitige Diskurs über einen Strukturwandel in unserer Gesellschaft orientiert sich nicht nur an den ökologischen Problemen. Vielmehr geht es auch darum, wie wir zukünftig arbeiten werden und welche Qualifikation und (Aus-) Bildung dafür notwendig sind. Die Wissensgesellschaft und lebenslanges Lernen sind hier nur zwei Stichworte. Wie können diese beiden Stränge miteinander verknüpft werden und was folgt hieraus für die Akteure dieses Feldes?
Schuldenerlass gegen Umweltschutz
Authors: Mutlak Natalie
Published: April 2018

Spätestens seit der Erlassjahrkampagne und den G8-Beschlüssen letztes Jahr steht sie wieder auf der Agenda: die Diskussion um einen konditionierten Schul­denerlass für die ärmsten Entwicklungsländer. Faktisch wird dabei auch auf das bekannte Modell der sogenannten Debt-for-Nature-Swaps zurück gegriffen. Die bisherigen Erfahrungen damit und die Einschätzung von Akteuren aus einem da­von stark betroffenen Land weisen auf Tücken dieses Instruments hin.
Was sind Umweltkosten?
Authors: Jasch Christine
Published: April 2018

Eines der großen Probleme des Umweltrechnungswesen ist, dass es keine einheitliche Definition des Begriffs Umweltkosten gibt. Erschwerend kommt hinzu, dass die meisten dieser Kosten nicht systematisch und separat erfasst werden. Der Beitrag entwickelt hierfür einen Lösungsvorschlag.
Der Entwurf der deutschen Nachhaltigskeitsstrategie: Alter Wein oder großer Wurf?
Authors: Nill Jan
Published: April 2018

Die Entwicklung einer deutschen Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie ist in die heiße Phase getreten. Seit Oktober führt der Staatssekretärsausschuss für nachhaltige Entwicklung (Green Cabinet) einen internetgestützten Dialogprozess (www.dialog-nachhaltigkeit.de). Der Rat für Nachhaltige Entwicklung veröffentlichte Ende November ein Dialogpapier. Schließlich hat das Green Cabinet am 19. Dezember 2001 einen Strategieentwurf vorgelegt. Im März soll die Strategie vom Bundeskabinett beschlossen werden. Mit den folgenden Expertisen soll ein Beitrag zum derzeit laufenden Diskussionsprozess geleistet werden. Nach einer kurzen Vorstellung von Eckpunkten des Entwurfs wird dieser von ExpertInnen aus Wissenschaft, Wirtschaft und Umweltverbänden kritisch diskutiert. Im Mittelpunkt stehen die drei Schwerpunktfelder Energie, Mobilität und Ernährung, Innovationspotenziale der Strategie sowie pointierte Auseinandersetzungen mit der Stoßrichtung der Gesamtkonzeption.
Auch über die Betriebsgrenzen hinaus
Authors: Ankele Kathrin , Hoffmann Esther
Published: April 2018

Innovationen sind der Schlüssel, um Umweltschutz und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu verknüpfen. "Weichen" Instrumenten wird hier ein erhebliches Potenzial zugesprochen. Ein Beispiel sind auf betrieblicher Ebene Umweltmanagementsy­steme und auf Regulierungsebene entsprechende Zertifizierungsstandards wie das EG-Umwelt-Audit-System. Empirische Fallstudien geben nähere Hinweise auf deren Innovationspotenziale und -grenzen.
Zukunftsgestaltung konkret
Authors: Henseling Karl Otto , Vallenthin Mark , Sturm Dietrich
Published: April 2018

Der Ressourcenverbrauch für das Bauen und Wohnen ist nicht nachhaltig. Be­dürfnisfeldbezogene Szenarien zeigen Handlungspotenziale und deren Grenzen auf. Das Beispiel Schleswig-Holstein zeigt, wie mithilfe eines solchen metho­dischen Vorgehens ein Umsteuerungsprozess in Gang gesetzt werden kann, wenn alle relevanten Akteure einbezogen werden.
Alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen?
Authors: Narodoslawsky Michael
Published: April 2018

Nachhaltige Entwicklung erfordert einen neuen gesellschaftlichen Konsens über Werte in Bezug auf das praktische Umgehen mit der Mitwelt. Die Anwendung dieser Werte auf den Bereich der Raumentwicklung macht klar, dass kosme­tische Verbesserungen des bestehenden Systems nicht ausreichen, um nachhal­tige Entwicklung zu erreichen. Diese erfordert eine grundlegende Neustruktu­rierung der Aushandlung raumwirksamer Problemstellungen.
Zwei Seiten einer Medaille
Authors: Bergmann Eckhard
Published: April 2018

Regionale Kooperation hat aus nahe liegenden Gründen Konjunktur. Insbesonde­re komplexe regionale Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien lassen sich nur so durchsetzen. Gleichzeitig nimmt aber auch die Konkurrenz zwischen den Regionen zu. Dies ist gut so, da erst hierdurch systematische Kooperationsgewinne ermöglicht wer­den. Erst ein Zusammenspiel beider Steuerungsprinzipien kann ihre jeweiligen Grenzen überwinden (1).
Substanzlosigkeit überwinden
Authors: Becker Andreas
Published: April 2018

Weitgehend anerkannt sind die drei Dimensionen der Nachhaltigkeit – Ökologie, Ökonomie und Soziales. Die Bedeutung der ökonomischen Komponente wurde jedoch lange Zeit nicht ausreichend erfasst: Ökonomische Nachhaltigkeit fordert mehr, als Rahmenbedingungen zu schaffen, die ökologische Nachhaltigkeit unterstützen.
Rückbindung der Wirtschaft an die Naturräume
Authors: Denhardt Alexandra , Petschow Ulrich
Published: April 2018

Einführung in das Schwerpunktthema
Technikfolgenabschätzung als Zeitdiagnose
Authors: Alpsancar Suzana
Published: April 2018

Ropohl plädiert in seiner Technikphilosophie für eine bewusste Gestaltung des technischen Wandels, in dem auch die Ingenieur*innen in die Pflicht genommen werden. In meiner Rekonstruktion zeige ich, dass Ropohls normative Grundorientierung in einer Zeitdiagnose fußt, die er allerdings nicht expliziert. Aus seinem Beispiel ziehe ich die These, dass jeder Theorie der Technikfolgenabschätzung (TA) notwendig eine historisch-normative Signatur eingeschrieben ist. Um eine kritische Auseinandersetzung über das Selbstverständnis und den Zweck von TA zu führen, gilt es, anders als Ropohl, auch die inhärenten Zeitdiagnosen sichtbar zu machen und zu diskutieren.
Multiarm spirals on the periphery of disc galaxies
Authors: Lubov Spiegel , Evgeny Polyachenko
Published: April 2018

Spiral patterns in some disc galaxies have two arms in the centre, and three or more arms on the periphery. The same result is also obtained in numerical simulations of stellar and gaseous discs.We argue that such patterns may occur due to fast cooling of the gas, resulting in formation of giant molecular clouds. The timescale of this process is 50 Myr, the factor of 10 shorter than of ordinary secular instability. The giant molecular clouds give rise to multiarm spirals through the mechanism of swing amplification.
Relationship between body composition and selected motor components in 17-year-old adolescents residing in the city of Poznań in Poland
Authors: Glapa Agata , Grzesiak Joanna , Monyeki Makama Andries
Published: April 2018

Study aim: The objective of this study was to determine differences in body composition status and levels of selected motor components and assess the relationship between selected motor components and body composition in adolescent girls and boys.

Material and methods: The study participants were 42 girls and 49 boys from a secondary school in the city of Poznan in Po­land who were participating in the “Active not only online” project. The percentage of body components was evaluated using a bio-impedance method. The modified Eurofit battery of tests was used to assess selected motor components.

Results: The prevalence of overweight was higher (12.3%) in boys than girls (2.4%), and girls were more frequently under­weight (16.7%) than boys (6.1%). The results of the study show higher selected motor component levels in girls than in boys when compared to standardized population norms. BMI correlated positively with 20-m shuttle run (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) in girls and with sit and reach (r = 0.30, p < 0.05) in boys, with ‘hand grip’ strength both in girls (r = 0.35, p < 0.05) and boys (r = 0.29, p < 0.05), and was related to percentage of body fat in girls (r = 0.33, p < 0.05) and boys (r = 0.42, p > 0.05).

Conclusions: The findings showed that sex and body composition are important factors influencing physical fitness in adoles­cents. We suggest that these factors be considered when designing physical activity interventions.
High microRNA-28-5p expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma predicts short-term relapse of node-negative patients and poor overall survival of patients with non-metastatic disease
Authors: Tsiakanikas Panagiotis , Kontos Christos K. , Kerimis Dimitrios , Papadopoulos Iordanis N. , Scorilas Andreas
Published: April 2018

Background:

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may function either as oncogenes or tumor suppressors and are heavily involved in the initiation and progression of cancer, and in metastasis of tumor cells. MicroRNA-28-5p (miR-28-5p) targets several cancer-related genes and is hence involved in cell proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In this study, we investigated the potential diagnostic and prognostic significance of miR-28-5p expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma, the most frequent type of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods:

Therefore, we isolated total RNA from 182 colorectal adenocarcinoma specimens and 86 paired non-cancerous colorectal mucosae. After polyadenylation of 2 μg total RNA and its reverse transcription using an oligo-dT-adapter primer, we quantified miR-28-5p levels using an in-house-developed reverse-transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method, based on the SYBR Green chemistry.

Results:

Comparison of miR-28-5p levels among 86 pairs of colorectal tumors and their adjacent non-cancerous mucosae uncovered the downregulation of miR-28-5p expression in the majority of malignant colorectal tumors. More importantly, high miR-28-5p expression predicts poor disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of colorectal adenocarcinoma patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that miR-28-5p overexpression is a significant predictor of poor prognosis in colorectal adenocarcinoma, independent of tumor size, histological grade, TNM staging, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Interestingly, strong miR-28-5p expression retains its predictive potential regarding relapse among patients with negative regional lymph nodes, and predicts poor OS in patients diagnosed with non-metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Conclusions:

High miR-28-5p expression predicts poor DFS and OS of colorectal adenocarcinoma patients, independently of clinicopathological prognosticators and standard patient treatment, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
On the freeness of hypersurface arrangements consisting of hyperplanes and spheres
Authors: Gao Ruimei , Dai Qun , Li Zhe
Published: April 2018

Let V be a smooth variety. A hypersurface arrangement 𝓜 in V is a union of smooth hypersurfaces, which locally looks like a union of hyperplanes. We say 𝓜 is free if all these local models can be chosen to be free hyperplane arrangements. In this paper, we use Saito’s criterion to study the freeness of hypersurface arrangements consisting of hyperplanes and spheres, and construct the bases for the derivation modules explicitly.
Archaeology's ‘People’
Authors: Bernbeck Reinhard , Pollock Susan
Published: April 2018

We commend González-Ruibal et al. (above) for their well-formulated challenge to a widely held view in Anglophone archaeology. Their insistence that archaeologists must rethink their position in a radically changed political context is highly apposite, although we do not agree entirely with all of their arguments. Here, we address three principal issues.
Decolonial archaeology as social justice
Authors: Hamilakis Yannis
Published: April 2018

And now what? This anxious question torments many of us in the current socio-political moment: that of Trumpism and Brexit; of resurgent xenophobia and racism expressed through election results and policies around Europe; and of the return of fascism and Nazism. It is this moment that has prompted González-Ruibal et al. (above) to call for a new, politicised archaeology. In so doing, they urge archaeologists to abandon the soothing liberal but ineffective embrace of communities and the public. They also argue against identitarian politics and the discourse of apolitical and abstract multiculturalism. I am in broad agreement with them, and called some years ago for a shift from ethics to politics, and for an explicit, public political stance (Hamilakis 2007). If the politicisation of archaeology was important 10 years ago, it is much more urgent now.
Rome's zenith commemorated
Authors: James N.
Published: April 2018

Following four centuries of Roman expansion, the Emperor Trajan led the Empire to its greatest extent by annexing Dacia (Transylvania), north-western Arabia and Sinai and, briefly, all of Armenia and Mesopotamia. He bolstered imperial administration, reformed provincial government, clarified certain principles of justice and encouraged a system of welfare, thealimenta(Bennett 2001). Last year, 2017, was the nineteen-hundredth anniversary of Trajan's death. The occasion was marked in various ways across Europe, and the opportunity to reflect on Trajan's legacy was particularly poignant in view of the continent's present troubles.
Frequency of Cannabis Use and Medical Cannabis Use Among Persons Living With HIV in the United States: Findings From a Nationally Representative Sample
Authors: Pacek Lauren R. , Towe Sheri L. , Hobkirk Andrea L. , Nash Denis , Goodwin Renee D.
Published: April 2018

Little is known about cannabis use frequency, medical cannabis use, or correlates of use among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in United States nationally representative samples. Data came from 626 PLWH from the 2005–2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Logistic regression identified characteristics associated with frequency of cannabis use. Chi-squares identified characteristics associated with medial cannabis use. Non-daily and daily cannabis use was reported by 26.9% and 8.0%. Greater perceived risk of cannabis use was negatively associated with daily and non-daily use. Younger age, substance use, and binge drinking were positively associated with non-daily cannabis use. Smoking and depression were associated with non-daily and daily use. One-quarter reported medical cannabis use. Medical users were more likely to be White, married, and nondrinkers. Cannabis use was common among PLWH. Findings help to differentiate between cannabis users based on frequency of use and medical versus recreational use.
Echo and heart failure: when do people need an echo, and when do they need natriuretic peptides?
Authors: Modin Daniel , Andersen Ditte Madsen , Biering-Sørensen Tor
Published: April 2018

Heart failure (HF) is a threat to public health. Heterogeneities in aetiology and phenotype complicate the diagnosis and management of HF. This is especially true when considering HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which makes up 50% of HF cases. Natriuretic peptides may aid in establishing a working diagnosis in patients suspected of HF, but echocardiography remains the optimal choice for diagnosing HF. Echocardiography provides important prognostic information in both HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HFpEF. Traditionally, emphasis has been put on the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). LVEF is useful for both diagnosis and prognosis in HFrEF. However, echocardiography offers more than this single parameter of systolic function, and for optimal risk assessment in HFrEF, an echocardiogram evaluating systolic, diastolic, left atrial and right ventricular function is beneficial. In this assessment echocardiographic modalities such as global longitudinal strain (GLS) by 2D speckle-tracking may be useful. LVEF offers little value in HFpEF and is neither helpful for diagnosis nor prognosis. Diastolic function quantified by E/e′ and systolic function determined by GLS offer prognostic insight in HFpEF. In HFpEF, other parameters of cardiac performance such as left atrial and right ventricular function evaluated by echocardiography also contribute with prognostic information. Hence, it is important to consider the entire echocardiogram and not focus solely on systolic function. Future research should focus on combining echocardiographic parameters into risk prediction models to adopt a more personalized approach to prognosis instead of identifying yet another echocardiographic biomarker.
Rapid Integration of Multi-copy Transgenes Using Optogenetic Mutagenesis inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Noma Kentaro , Jin Yishi
Published: April 2018

Stably transmitted transgenes are indispensable for labeling cellular components and manipulating cellular functions. In Caenorhabditis elegans, transgenes are generally generated as inheritable multi-copy extrachromosomal arrays, which can be stabilized in the genome through a mutagenesis-mediated integration process. Standard methods to integrate extrachromosomal arrays primarily use protocols involving ultraviolet light plus trimethylpsoralen or gamma- or X-ray irradiation, which are laborious and time-consuming. Here, we describe a one-step integration method, following germline-mutagenesis induced by mini Singlet Oxygen Generator (miniSOG). Upon blue light treatment, miniSOG tagged to histone (Histone-miniSOG) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces heritable mutations, including DNA double-stranded breaks. We demonstrate that we can bypass the need to first establish extrachromosomal transgenic lines by coupling microinjection of desired plasmids with blue light illumination on Histone-miniSOG worms to obtain integrants in the F3 progeny. We consistently obtained more than one integrant from 12 injected animals in two weeks. This optogenetic approach significantly reduces the amount of time and labor for transgene integration. Moreover, it enables to generate stably expressed transgenes that cause toxicity in animal growth.
Os pressupostos românticos de Hannah Arendt em Eichmann em Jerusalém
Authors: Rossatti Gabriel Guedes
Published: April 2018

O propósito deste artigo é trazer à luz os pressupostos românticos que animam o livro de Hannah Arendt de título Eichmann em Jerusalém. De maneira a fazê-lo, explorarei (para além de uma breve introdução) na parte II a concepção romântico-alemã de “cultura” enquanto formação subjetiva da alma (trata-se do conceito de “Bildung”); após isso, abordarei na parte III determinadas teses de cunho romântico articuladas por diferentes pensadores do século XIX (Mill, Kierkegaard, Arnold e Nietzsche) relativas ao processo de massificação e, no seu entender, ao esvaziamento dos indivíduos na modernidade; por fim, na parte IV, a sutil reelaboração arendtiana de várias dessas teses. Argumentarei, portanto, que o conceito romântico de “cultura” opera como premissa central na interpretação que Arendt fez do criminoso nazista Otto Adolf Eichmann. Eichmann, em suma, teria cometido os crimes que cometeu por não ter sido formado, cultivado, como um verdadeiro ser humano.
Os limites do liberalismo: uma crítica comunitarista.
Authors: Weber Thadeu
Published: April 2018

O propósito do artigo é entrar na controvérsia entre liberais e comunitaristas no referente à concepção de justiça e sua fundamentação. Mais especificamente, o texto discute a crítica de M. Sandel ao liberalismo político de J. Rawls. Aponta vários equívocos daquele considerando os significativos esclarecimentos e reformulações por este, nos livros posteriores à publicação de Uma Teoria da Justiça. Comenta a crítica, feita por Sandel, do afastamento das questões morais, a controvérsia em torno da prioridade do justo em relação ao bem e a restrição do âmbito da razão pública.
Alethic Deflationism and Normativity: A Critique
Authors: Dell'Utri Massimo
Published: April 2018

The paper starts by highlighting that virtually nobody would object to claims such as “to regard an assertion or a belief or a thought as true or false is to regard it as being right or wrong”—a claim that shows that truth is intrinsically normative. It is well known that alethic deflationists deny this. Paul Horwich, for instance, maintains that nothing shows that TRUTH is a normative concept in the way that OUGHT is. By relying on a distinction among dimensions of normativity I will try to pinpoint the weakness of Horwich’s argument in the fact that he works with a strong, uncalled-for, interpretation of normativity, whereas a weaker interpretation is more than enough. However, the impression might persist that a different understanding of the normativity of truth on the part of deflationists could eventually show the compatibility between alethic deflationism and normativity. The remaining part of the paper is devoted to contend that this is a wrong impression. Accordingly, it is stated that the normativity exerted by truth is ascribable in the final analysis to the world, and the provocative claim is defended that alethic deflationism lacks the conceptual resources to account for the relation between language and the world.
Logical Space and Logical Time Variations on Hegel’s “Being-Nothing-Becoming”
Authors: Utz Konrad Christoph
Published: April 2018

Since some time the metaphor of logical space has been used to open new approaches to Hegel’s “Science of Logic”. Frequently it is noticed that in such an interpretation logical space must be understood as dynamic. However, as far as I can see, nobody has done yet the step to introduce the concept of logical time into the discussion, even though this step seems to suggest itself. The following contribution seeks to develop this thought and arrives at some new conceptions, such as the curvature of logical space, logical actuality and semantic present, which may seem strange at first sight, but which follow consistently from the explication of the fundamental idea. The first aim in doing this is to broaden our conceptual repertoire do deal with Hegel’s Logic. This may open new perspectives of interpretation which may prove inspiring. Secondarily, the article also defends a systematic thesis which stands on its own and lays claim to truth. This claim goes far beyond a mere interpretation of Hegel and implies a fundamental critique of his philosophy. The comprehension of logical time-space leads to the requirement of logical chance event – and not only real chance. This goes against Hegel claim to absolute necessity in the dialectical development of his Logic and leads to a new philosophic comprehension of logic as such.
Propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de salud sf-36 en estudiantes universitarios de San Ramón, Alajuela - Sede Occidente, Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Araya Marín Noemy , Barrantes Valverde Karla , Fernández Castro Mariam , Rodríguez Rodríguez Marselly , García Castro Juan Diego
Published: April 2018

Este estudio busca conocer las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario SF-36 sobre el Estado de Salud en estudiantes universitarios de San Ramón, Costa Rica. La muestra consistió en 200 estudiantes, mujeres y hombres. Se realizaron entrevistas cognitivas y se consultó una experta, posteriormente se analizó su confiabilidad y validez. Dentro de los resultados destaca el índice Alfa de Cronbach global de =.80 y los coeficientes por dimensión con valores desde α=.72 (Salud General) hasta α=.88 (Salud Mental). El coeficiente Spearman-Brown contó con un resultado promedio de =.75 y todas las dimensiones presentaron niveles por encima de .72, excepto la dimensión Salud General .60. El análisis de componentes principales respalda la presencia de dos dimensiones, explicando un 37,59% de la varianza.
Gestor Integral del Recurso Hídrico, un experto necesario ante la vulnerabilidad socio-natural
Authors: Bolaños Alfaro John Diego
Published: April 2018

El presente artículo denota el trabajo de la Comisión elaboradora de la propuesta curricular y todo el trabajo realizado para establecer los principios fundamentales reales y naturales provenientes de las ciencias naturales y sociales tendientes a la resolución de problemas y actividades propias del agua, rompiendo con los paradigmas de gestión actuales.  Se presenta el profesional como un recurso humano indispensable para el mercado nacional con la capacidad de realizar nuevas prácticas de gestión, educación ambiental, participación comunitaria y el saneamiento del agua. Ante una crisis de gobernabilidad del recurso hídrico clara y evidente, con la vulnerabilidad y escasez agua visible en varias comunidades del país, se espera que el profesional, mejore la tutela, el aprovechamiento, la protección y el uso sostenible del recurso hídrico, utilizando la perspectiva de manejo de cuenca hidrológica, como unidad básica de planificación y gestión del recurso hídrico. Finalmente, se denota el proceso constructivo de la nueva carrera y su atinencia a nivel país, teniendo como principal empleador a los entes encargados de la administración del agua a nivel público o privado.
REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA SUPERVISIÓN CLÍNICA. UNA EXPERIENCIA DE FORMACIÓN UNIVERSITARIA
Authors: Fernández Fernández Daniel , Barrantes Sáenz Ginnette
Published: April 2018

Este artículo tiene como propósito principal presentar algunas reflexiones sobre el proceso de supervisiónclínica llevado a cabo con estudiantes de psicología mediante un programa de formación clínica dela Escuela de Psicología de la Universidad de Costa Rica. El planteamiento metodológico consiste enabordar la supervisión clínica como una experiencia – acontecimiento, en donde el/la supervisor/a dirigesu atención al lazo transferencial entre el estudiante y el consultante, colocándose como una tercerapersona en la escena de la práctica clínica. Los resultados de esta reflexión plantean, en la misma líneaque el psicoanalista Jacques Lacan, que la función secretario puede constituirse en una vía que posibilitela escucha analítica en el marco de la labor docente de supervisión clínica. A manera de conclusión,este trabajo propone que la subjetividad es una parte esencial del proceso de supervisión del programade formación clínica descrito, en el cual el análisis de la transferencia tiene un rol preponderante.
OBRAS PÚBLICAS REQUERIDAS VS. OBRAS PÚBLICAS EJECUTADAS: CASUÍSTICA DE LA REGIÓN CARIBE COLOMBIANA
Authors: Ayala Borrero María Camila , Díaz Córdoba Yuliana , Pérez Ruíz Diego Darío , Serrano Guzmán María Fernanda
Published: April 2018

Las regiones naturales de Colombia son divisiones territoriales que se establecen en función de atributosgeográficos como relieve, clima, vegetación, cultura, hidrografía, entre otros aspectos. En esteartículo se presenta el resultado de la investigación adelantada acerca de la relación existente entre lasnecesidades detectadas en los planes de ordenamiento territorial (POT) y las obras de infraestructuraejecutadas en la región Caribe. Para ello, se revisaron los POTs de las ciudades capitales Riohacha,Cartagena, Barranquilla, Montería, Sincelejo, Santa Marta, Valledupar, Montería, y se compararonlos proyectos formulados y ejecutados para dar respuesta a las problemáticas identificadas por lascomunidades, información que debería estar disponible en la plataforma del Servicio Electrónico deContratación (SECOP). Finalmente, el estudio reveló que las comunidades presentan necesidades insatisfechas en los sectores vial y de saneamiento básico y aun así los proyectos reportados y ejecutadoscorresponden a otros objetos, lo cual puede explicar la diferencia en el desarrollo de la región. Resultacuestionable que, aunque las necesidades sean unas, los proyectos ejecutados sean otros, situación querepercute en el indicador de desempeño fiscal y de desarrollo municipal obtenido en estas comunidades.
Influence of subinhibitory antibiotic concentration on Streptococcus pyogenes adherence and biofilm production
Authors: Šmitran Aleksandra , Vuković Dragana , Opavski Nataša , Gajić Ina , Marinković Jelena , Božić Ljiljana , Živanović Irena , Kekić Dušan , Popović Sunčica , Ranin Lazar
Published: April 2018

In this study, the focus was on the effects of sub-MICs of the antibiotics on adherence, hydrophobicity, and biofilm formation by two groups of Streptococcus pyogenes strains, which were responsible for different clinical cases. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of sub-MICs of penicillin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, and clindamycin on adherence, surface hydrophobicity, and biofilm biomass in two selected collections of group A streptococcus (GAS): strains isolated from carriers (CA) and strains isolated from patients with tonsillopharyngitis (TPh). Isolates were tested for hydrophobicity to xylene, adherence, and biofilm production in uncoated microtiter plates before and after treatment with 1/2 and 1/4 MICs of antibiotics. Penicillin reduced adherence and biofilm production in TPh strains, whereas ceftriaxone diminished adherence and biofilm formation in CA group. On the contrary, clindamycin enhanced adherence and biofilm production in both groups of strains. Erythromycin did not significantly alter adherence, but triggered biofilm production in both groups of isolates. Hydrophobicity of both groups of strains was significantly reduced after exposure to all antibiotics. Beta-lactams displayed anti-biofilm activity; penicillin diminished both adherence and biofilm production in TPh strains, whereas ceftriaxone reduced it in strains isolated from CA.
Resumos
Authors: Organizadora Comissão
Published: April 2018

Resumos apresentados no V Simpósio Interdisciplinar em Reabilitação, no dias 06 e 07 de julho, no Centro Universitário Metodista - IPA.
Seismic response of SSSI system: surface structures and subway
Authors: Miao Yu , Zhong Yi , Chen Xixi , Ruan Bin
Published: April 2018

The seismic response of an underground structure is analysed in the time domain by considering the non-linearity of soil and the structure–soil–underground structure interaction. A three-dimensional model that comprises a subway station and adjacent surface frame structure with a pile foundation and soft clay is established. The modified Davidenkov model is used to simulate the non-linearity of soft clay, which is then further developed using the commercial software Abaqus. This study focuses on the influence of adjacent surface frame structures on the seismic response of a subway station in the time domain. The interstorey drift ratio of the subway station is selected to evaluate the correlation effect in this complicated system. The influence factors, including the horizontal distance between the frame structures and subway station, length of the pile foundation, orientation of the frame structure and burial depth of the subway station, are discussed in the paper. Numerical results indicate that horizontal distance and burial depth are two of the key factors that may evidently amplify or attenuate the seismic response of an underground structure.
Salvadora Persica (Misvak) Bitkisinden Elde Edilen Uçucu Yağın Antioksidan ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitelerinin Araştırılması
Authors: APAYDIN Elif
Published: April 2018

Bu çalışmanın
amacı; Salvadora persica (misvak) 
bitkisinden elde edilen uçucu yağın 
antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal etkilerini araştırmaktır. Bu bitkinin
çalışılma sebebi; misvağın uzun zamandır tüm dünyada diş sağlığı ve temizliği
alanında kullanılmasıdır. Bu çalışma farklı spektroskobik yöntemler ve GC-MS
ile açıklamaya çalışıldı.

Bu amaçla 250 gram misvak tozu,
hidrodistilasyon yöntemi ile clevenger aparatında yağ ekstraksiyonu yapıldı,
susuz Na2SO4
ile su uzaklaştırıldı ve 4 ͦ C buzdolabında yağlar saklandı. Uçucu yağ
bileşenleri GC-MS ile tanımlandı. Uçucu yağların antimikrobiyal özellikleri
disk difüzyon yöntemi ile Parvathy  ve
arkadaşları metoduna göre yapıldı. DPPH radikal süpürme ve Hidrojen peroksit
süpürme kapasitesi spetkrofotometrik yöntem ile yapıldı. Farklı mineraller ve
ağır metalleri ICP-MS ile analiz edildi.
O uso da transmídia por editoras brasileiras
Authors: Figueiredo Camila Augusta Pires de
Published: April 2018

Neste artigo examinaremos alguns casos em que a transmídia foi utilizada por editoras brasileiras como ferramenta de criação de mídias suplementares aos seus livros. Além do próprio caráter do fenômeno transmídia, que se relaciona aos novos modos de escrita e leitura, e de produção e consumo de mídias na atualidade, interessa-nos analisar o propósito dos projetos transmídia elaborados pelas casas editoriais brasileiras, bem como as mídias e estratégias empregadas por elas. A partir da observação dos exemplos coletados, buscaremos traçar um perfil dos gêneros literários escolhidos, do público-alvo, das mídias empregadas e dos objetivos almejados.
Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) expressing p21 and cyclin D1 genes retain excellent viability after freezing with (dimethyl sulfoxide) DMSO
Authors: Gholizadeh-Ghaleh Aziz Shiva , Fardyazar Zahra , Pashaei-Asl Fatima , Rahmati-Yamchi Mohammad , Khodadadi Khodadad , Pashaiasl Maryam
Published: April 2018

Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) have features intermediate between embryonic and adult SCs, can differentiate into lineages of all three germ layers, and do not develop into tumors in vivo. Moreover, hAFSCs can be easily obtained in routine procedures and there is no ethical or legal limitations regarding their use for clinical and experimental applications. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of slow freezing/thawing and two different concentrations of DMSO (10% DMSO + 90% fetal bovine serum [FBS] and 5% DMSO + 95% FBS) on the survival of hAFSCs. hAFSCs were obtained from 5 pregnant women during amniocentesis at 16–22 weeks of gestation. The expression of pluripotency markers (Octamer-binding transcription factor 4 [Oct4] and NANOG) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and cell surface markers (cluster of differentiation [CD31], CD44, CD45, and CD90) by flow cytometry was analyzed before and after the slow-freezing. Cell viability was assessed by trypan blue exclusion or MTT assay. Quantitative mRNA expression of Oct4, NANOG, cyclin D1 and p21 was determined by real-time PCR before and after the slow-freezing. Pluripotency of hAFSCs was confirmed by NANOG and POU5F1 (Oct4) gene expression before and after slow-freezing. All hAFSC cultures were positive for CD44 and CD90. A higher viability of hAFSCs was observed after freezing with 90% FBS + 10% DMSO. There was increased expression of NANOG and decreased expression of POU5F1 gene after freezing, compared to control cells (before freezing). DMSO and the process of freezing did not significantly change the expression of p21 and cyclin D1 genes in hAFSCs. Overall, our results indicate the applicability of slow-freezing and DMSO in cryopreservation of SCs.
Çevre sıcaklığı ve kaynak ön tav ısıl işleminin polietilen doğalgaz borularının elektrofüzyon kaynağına etkisi
Authors: NAJAFİGHAREHTAPEH Asghar , KAÇAR Ramazan
Published: April 2018

Doğal gaz ve su dağıtım hatlarında kullanılan polietilen boruların elektrofüzyon kaynaklı birleştirmelerin standartlarda -5 oC ile +30 oC sıcaklık aralığında yapılması önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmada çevre sıcaklığının birleştirme özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla yüksek yoğunluklu polietilen (PE100) borular elektrofüzyon kaynak yöntemi ile farklı çevre sıcaklıklarında (oda sıcaklığı, 0, -10, -20 ve -30 oC) temin edildiği şekliyle ve ön tav uygulanarak (60oC) birleştirilmiştir. Birleştirmelere standartlara göre sızdırmazlık ve ezme testi yanısıra bağlantının dayanımı belirlemek için çiftli çekme soyma ayırma testi uygulanmıştır. Böylece birleştirmelerin ayrılma tokluğu, K, ve ayrılmak için normal enerji, En, hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak artan çevre sıcaklığına bağlı olarak kaynak bölgesindeki daha fazla oluşan kristalin miktarının dayanımı arttırdığı ancak şekil alabilirliği azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ön tav ısıl işlemi düşük çevre sıcaklığında elde edilen birleştirmelerin özelliklerine olumlu katkıda bulunurken yüksek çevre sıcaklıklarda elde edilen bağlantının dayanımını ise olumsuz etkilediği belirlenmiştir.
Dalga kılavuzu alanlarının zaman-uzayı enerji özelliklerinin türetilmesi
Authors: ÇOŞAN Ahmet Arda , ERDEN Fatih , TRETYAKOV Oleg A.
Published: April 2018

Dalga kılavuzu problemi elektromanyetik teoride önemli yere sahip olan ve sıkça araştırılan bir konudur. Bu çalışmada zaman-domeni dalga kılavuzu problemi için klasik zaman-harmonik çözüm yönteminin aksine Elektromanyetik Teoriye Evrimsel Yaklaşım (ETEY) yöntemi kullanılarak zamana bağımlı gerçek değerli fonksiyonlar cinsinden çözüm elde edilmiştir. Maxwell denklemleri için yeni bir ölçeklendirme prosedürü kullanılarak Maxwell denklemlerinin SI birim sistemi çerçevesinde simetrik formata getirilmesi sağlanmıştır. ETEY yönteminde dalga kılavuzu probleminde Klein-Gordon denklemi (KGD) çözüm için büyük önem taşımaktadır. KGD denkleminin çözümüyle dalga kılavuzlarında modal genlikler elde edilmiş ve uygulanmış olan ölçeklendirme prosedürü ile elektromanyetik dalgaların enerji özellikleri SI birim sistemi içerisinde incelenmiştir.
Türkiye’deki bazı Oleaceae türlerinde perforasyonlu özışını hücreleri
Authors: Erşen Bak Funda , Merev Nesime
Published: April 2018

Türkiye’de Oleaceae
familyası  Fraxinus L., Fontanesia
Labill, Phillyrea L., Olea L., Osmanthus Lour., Ligustrum L., Jasminum L. olmak üzere 7 cins’e ait 14 doğal takson
ile temsil edilmektedir. Familyanın Fraxinus dışındaki diğer cinsleri yalnızca bir
takson ile yayılış göstermektedir. Oleaceae’nin bazı cins ve türlerinde
perforasyonlu özışını hücreleri daha önce rapor edilmiş olsa da, Phillyrea
latifolia L., Ligustrum
vulgare L. ve Olea europaea L. türlerinde perforasyonlu özışını
hücrelerinin varlığı ilk kez bu çalışma ile ortaya konulmuştur. İncelenen
örneklerde, radyal çeperlerinde trahe hücrelerindeki gibi basit
perforasyon tablası bulunduran, etrafındaki özışını hücrelerinden daha geniş
olan perforasyonlu özışını hücreleri
oldukça yoğundur.
ExFISH - Cultured Cells v1
Authors: Chen Fei , T Wassie Asmamaw , J Cote Allison , Sinha Anubhav , Alon Shahar , Asano Shoh , R Daugharthy Evan , Chang Jae-Byum , Marblestone Adam , M Church George , Raj Arjun , S Boyden Edward
Published: April 2018

The ability to image RNA identity and location with nanoscale precision in intact tissues is of great interest for defining cell types and states in normal and pathological biological settings. Here, we present a strategy for expansion microscopy of RNA. We developed a small-molecule linker that enables RNA to be covalently attached to a swellable polyelectrolyte gel synthesized throughout a biological specimen. Then, postexpansion, fluorescentin situhybridization (FISH) imaging of RNA can be performed with high yield and specificity as well as single-molecule precision in both cultured cells and intact brain tissue. Expansion FISH (ExFISH) separates RNAs and supports amplification of single-molecule signals (i.e., via hybridization chain reaction) as well as multiplexed RNA FISH readout. ExFISH thus enables super-resolution imaging of RNA structure and location with diffraction-limited microscopes in thick specimens, such as intact brain tissue and other tissues of importance to biology and medicine.
ExFISH - Tissue Slice v1
Authors: Chen Fei , T Wassie Asmamaw , J Cote Allison , Sinha Anubhav , Alon Shahar , Asano Shoh , R Daugharthy Evan , Chang Jae-Byum , Marblestone Adam , M Church George , Raj Arjun , S Boyden Edward
Published: April 2018

The ability to image RNA identity and location with nanoscale precision in intact tissues is of great interest for defining cell types and states in normal and pathological biological settings. Here, we present a strategy for expansion microscopy of RNA. We developed a small-molecule linker that enables RNA to be covalently attached to a swellable polyelectrolyte gel synthesized throughout a biological specimen. Then, postexpansion, fluorescentin situhybridization (FISH) imaging of RNA can be performed with high yield and specificity as well as single-molecule precision in both cultured cells and intact brain tissue. Expansion FISH (ExFISH) separates RNAs and supports amplification of single-molecule signals (i.e., via hybridization chain reaction) as well as multiplexed RNA FISH readout. ExFISH thus enables super-resolution imaging of RNA structure and location with diffraction-limited microscopes in thick specimens, such as intact brain tissue and other tissues of importance to biology and medicine.
Protocol to accompany paper entitled "Experimental research on the performances of water jet devices and proposing the parameters of borehole hydraulic mining for oil shale" v1
Authors: Wen Jiwei , Chen Chen , Campos Urso
Published: April 2018

The experiments mainly focus on estimating the water jet performances and the breaking oil shale efficiencies of the jet devices, so as to compare the different jet devices and propose the parameters of borehole hydraulic mining for oil shale. In fact, thejet devices' water jet performances can be evaluated bythe striking force and the oil shale breaking effect of the high-pressure water jet produced by itself.Under the same experimental conditions, the greater the striking force or the oil shale breaking effect more significant, the better the water jet performance of thejet device. Moreover, the experiment of breaking oil shale can alsobe used for proposing theparameters of the borehole hydraulic mining for oil shale.Therefore, the main aim of the experiments areto comparethe striking forces and the breaking oil shale effectswith the different jet devices.
The City of the Future
Authors: Glazebrook Garry , Newman Peter
Published: April 2018

Limiting global warming to 1.5 °C will require rapid decarbonisation of the world’s electricity and transport systems. This must occur against a background of continuing urbanisation and the shift to the information economy. While replacement of fossil fuels in electricity generation is underway, urban transport is currently dominated by petrol and diesel-powered vehicles. The City of the Future will need to be built around a different transport and urban paradigm. This article argues that the new model will be a polycentric city linked by fast electric rail, with local access based on autonomous “community”-owned electric cars and buses supplemented by bicycles, electric bikes and scooters, with all electricity generated from renewables. Less space will be wasted on roads and parking, enabling higher accessibility yet more usable public open space. Building the cities of the future will require national governments to accelerate local initiatives through appropriate policy settings and strategic investment. The precise way in which individual cities move into the future will vary, and the article illustrates how the transformation could work for Australian cities, like Sydney, currently some of the most car dependent in the world, using new financial and city partnerships.