bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zakres działań współczesnej biblio teki publicznej. Casus Gminnej Biblioteki Publicznej im. Kajetana Kraszewskiego w Wisznicach
Authors: Tarasiuk Alla , Maniowiec Alina
Published: June 2019

Artykuł prezentuje działalność Gminnej Biblioteki Publicznej w Wisznicach (województwo lubelskie), jednej z liderów wdrażania nowoczesnych rozwiązań w zakresie promocji czytelnictwa, kultury i nauki oraz aktywizacji społecznej lokalnej zbiorowości. Jest ona przykładem skutecznego wykorzystania możliwości rozwoju, jakie powstały dzięki funduszom europejskich.
El abuso de poder en La Estrella de Sevilla
Authors: Pérez Fernández Julián Jesús
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo encabeza una serie de tres trabajos que tienen como fondo común el tema del abuso de poder. En cada uno de ellos se trata el tema de manera sincrónica, particularizando en una obra teatral concreta. Este primer artículo se centra en la tragedia barroca La Estrella de Sevilla, de autoría discutida por algunos investigadores. Estudiamos cómo afecta el abuso de poder a los diferentes protagonistas de la obra. En los dos siguientes, además, se analiza el tema diacrónica y comparativamente en distintas obras de la Historia de la Literatura, hasta llegar al siglo XIX, para concluir conectándolo con una ópera del compositor irlandés Michael William Balfe.
Modelo de gestión de inventario para reducir los costos logísticos de materia prima en la empresa ARY Servicios Generales S. A. C.; 2017
Authors: Ventura Rodriguez Josselin Del Pilar , Benites Aliaga Alex Antenor , Benites Aliaga Ricardo Steiman
Published: June 2019

La presente tesis buscó desarrollar un modelo de gestión de inventarios para reducir los costos logísticos dentro de la empresa ARY Servicios Generales S.A.C de la ciudad de Trujillo a través de la aplicación del modelo de inventario de revisión periódica puesto que hoy en día lo que toda empresa busca satisfacer al cliente, pero cuidando sus costos internos. El estudio se aplicó al inventario de materia prima conformado por 40 materiales para producir 10 productos del segmento A. Realizándose un estudio de diseño pre experimental trabajando de manera retrospectiva con la demanda histórica obteniendo con el modelo propuesto una reducción de los costos logísticos de S/. 6,341.61 soles anuales (2.39%). Resultados que fueron analizados estadísticamente con la prueba de wilcoxon con un valor P menor a 0.05 al presentar la diferencia de los costos logísticos un comportamiento no normal. Con lo cual se concluye que el desarrollo de un modelo de gestión de inventario como en este caso el modelo de revisión periódica permitió disminuir los costos logísticos en un porcentaje significativo, lo cual es óptimo para la empresa en estudio.

Palabras Clave: Gestión de inventarios de revisión periódica, Costo de almacenamiento.
Joaquim Jordà and Núria Villazán's Mones com la Becky [Monkeys Like Becky] (1999) and the New Global Disability Documentary Cinema
Authors: Fraser Benjamin
Published: May 2019

The documentary Mones com la Becky [Monkeys Like Becky] (1999) by Joaquim Jordà and Núria Villazán is a touchstone for global studies of the representation of cognitive difference. This challenging visual investigation into the violent international history of the lobotomy also foregrounds questions of theatrical and cinematic representation as they relate to cognition. Featuring dialogue in Catalan, Spanish, Portuguese, and English, Mones com la Becky uses a variety of formal strategies identified by theorist Bill Nichols to push beyond the limits of staid documentary filmmaking. This article makes the case that Jordà and Villazán's film should be seen as an early example of what David T. Mitchell and Sharon L. Snyder have called the "new disability documentary cinema."
Enacting Equity in Higher Education through Critical Disability Studies: A Critical Community Self-Study
Authors: Schnellert Leyton , Richardson Pamela , Roberts Earllene , McDonald Sara , MacHardy Carolyn , Rosal Assunta , Smith Jewelles , Rader Matthew , Frisque Jenica , Hole Rachelle
Published: May 2019

In this critical community self-study, we describe the development of the Interdisciplinary Disability and Inclusion Research Collaborative (IDIRC) at the University of British Columbia Okanagan. IDIRC is a self-organizing collective involving eleven faculty, students and staff devoted to Critical Disability Studies (CDS) and the relationships between CDS, practice and social change. We ask: What are the social relations, commitments, activities, and research needs of this university's researchers, students and staff in relation to disability and inclusion? Through a constant comparative analysis of interview data we surfaced themes related to the social relations, commitments, activities and research needs of our members. Our findings and discussion illustrate how similar cross-disciplinary groups might build inclusive spaces, which unite staff, graduate students and faculty towards disrupting normativity, interdisciplinarity, and praxis within and beyond academia. IDIRC attends to the embodiment of values and theoretical perspectives that are relational, diversity-positive, intersectional and advocacy-oriented.
Disability, the Politics of Maiming, and Higher Education in Palestine
Authors: Snounu Yasmin , Smith Phil , Bishop Joe
Published: May 2019

Different pieces of a puzzle are put together to unpack the implications of biopolitical forms in relation to disability in Palestine. Tracing the political connections between Israel and the United States of America (the U.S.), both countries give themselves the right to maim the Palestinians in different forms. Israel maims the indigenous Palestinians in more direct ways, while the U.S. is the guard and supporter of Israel in the process of maiming the Palestinians. Yet, successful, disabled Palestinians have emerged from under the rubble in different fields and in academia and higher education in particular. In this paper, Critical Disability Studies (CDS) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) are used as theoretical frameworks to examine disability in Palestinian higher education in light of political implications. The paper also reveals a dearth of research on disability in Palestinian higher education
On Watching Screendance
Authors: Dodds Sherril
Published: May 2019

In this provocation, I ask what is it to watch screendance, what is at stake, and what comes into play? I suggest that in identifying works as examples of “dance on screen”, we enter into a complex history of aesthetic innovations, marketing criteria, funding systems, and intellectual debates. I compare the viewing practices of film, television and the internet, and consider how different screen formats shape experiences of teaching and research. I reflect upon the ethics of participation in online debates, and suggest that the modes and stakes of watching are as important as the dance itself.
Editorial: Screendance Now
Authors: Bench Harmony , Ellis Simon
Published: May 2019

Editorial for IJSD volume 10.
Comparison of Emotional Processing, Emotional Failure, and Cognitive Adjustment of Emotions in Students with Divorced and Non-Divorced Parents
Authors: Shirani Shahla , Asli Azad Moslem
Published: June 2019

Background: divorce causes emotional and psychological damages to children. On this basis, emotional processing, emotional failure, and emotional adjustment of students with divorced and non-divorced parents were compared in Isfahan city, Iran.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytic causative-comparison study, all students with divorced and non-divorced parents were investigated in Isfahan. In this research, non-probability sampling method was used. In order to conduct the study, 200 middle-school students with divorced and non-divorced parents were selected (100 students had divorced and 100 had non-divorced parents).The questionnaires used in this study included emotional processing questionnaire, emotional failure, and emotional adjustment questionnaire. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance.
Results: The results showed that emotional processing, emotional failure, and emotional adjustment were significantly different between the two groups of students with divorced parents and non-divorced parents (P-value < 0.001). Although students with divorced parents had lower scores in components of emotional processing and emotional adjustment, they had higher scores in emotional failure.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, emotional processing, emotional failure, and emotional adjustment of students with divorced parents should be considered. In this regard, a suitable method of intervention is required, such as treatment based on acceptance and commitment therapy and mind-consciousness to reach acceptable normal level of transformational process.
ISLAMIC MODERATION (WASATIYYAH) MANIFESTATION OF PRACTICES: AN ELABORATION OF ITS DEGREE OF EFFECTIVENESS
Authors: Hj. Yaakub Muhamadul Bakir , Othman Khatijah , Nik Nazli Nik Nadian
Published: June 2019

Purpose: The study is an attempt to elaborate on students' development explicitly, understanding and practices of Islamic Moderation Personality (IMP) in Malaysian Higher Learning Institution (MHLI). The measurement of the development of their understanding, especially in term of its representation of IMP is underlined. Based on this measurement, personal conceptual beliefs, understanding principles in life and the manifestation of IMP able to make a person different compared to others. In this article, the cause of differences is measured by comparing the intensity of IM practices and the manifestation types and patterns.

 Methodology: The method used in this study is a quantitative methodology, and by using the questionnaires, the survey has been conducted to 508 respondents in six MHLIs. The data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) method with the help of AMOS software version 23.

 Results: The survey administered to the students of MHLI showed a higher level of IMP manifestation expressed by their self-conceptual understanding and attitudinal paradigm through attitude to Allah SWT, attitude to own-self, and attitude to others. These strongly contributed to self-satisfaction personality in achieving awareness, perfection, and reasonable state of balanced and robust willingness. Simultaneously, item practices acted as a mediator between Islamic moderation conceptual paradigm and its manifestation practices.

 Implications: The finding provides a foundation for further research in IMP manifestation, both as a general principle in life and specific domains such as religion, education, and socialization practices.Hence, IM as a complete balanced system in life should be adopted and practiced accurately and precisely according to the revelation sources.
DIVA-GIS based insight into geographical distribution and diversity spectrum of Indian sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) accessions suitable for diversified applications
Authors: Maruthi R. T. , Kumar A. A. , Choudhary S. B. , Sharma H. K. , Mitra Jiban
Published: June 2019

Commercial prospects of sunnhemp inspired present study to understand geographical distribution pattern(s) and to scale agro-morphological diversity spectrum of forty-four sunnhemp accessions naturalized across diverse habitats of India. Field experiment revealed broad spectrum diversity for all the 11 agro-morphological traits. Wider range of plant height (110.50 to 173.17 cm), number of pods per plant (35.33 to 143.00), seeds per pod (6.33-15.17g) and seed yield per plant (8.27-29.43g) highlighted the adequacy of present genetic resources to improve sunnhemp for diversified applications. Principal component analysis of the agro-morphological characters identified the first PC with 1109.6 eigen value explaining 61.70% of total variation followed by PC-II (22.9%) and PC-III (11.1%). In PC-I significant contribution was made by traits like NLP, NPP and PH. Agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis grouped all accessions into four distinct seed producing clusters irrespective of their origin. Cluster wise mean values suggested that cluster-II is the best with outstanding trait values for majority of traits. DIVA-GIS based analysis identified accessions from Rajasthan, Western Gujarat and Jharkhand with high diversity index for number of leaves/plant. But, accessions from North West Jharkhand and Maharashtra with highest diversity index for seed yield/plant.
Integrated nutrient management in cowpea with the application of microbial inoculants
Authors: Ramya S. , Pandove Gulab
Published: June 2019

Indian livestock sector is one of the largest in the world and fodder is vital component of profitable animal production. Legumes are one of the predominant crops of mixed crop-livestock systems providing highly nutritious fodder as well as contributing soil fertility. Nevertheless, the fodder production and quality in the country is not adequate to meet out the prerequisite of growing livestock population. Optimum nutrition is thus required for getting the maximum forage yield and quality. Nutrient Management is propounded as a promising strategy for addressing such challenges. Microbial inoculants being an important component of integrated nutrient management are eco-friendly and economical sources of nutrient. The benefit of combining organic and inorganic sources of nutrients in integrated nutrient management has proved superior to the use of each component individually. Thus, the present review will feature the need of integrated nutrient management, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as microbial inoculants, role of microbial inoculants in integrated nutrient management of various leguminous crops and emerging examples of integrated nutrient management in cowpea. The realization attained from literature assessed herein will further help to understand the role of microbial inoculants in integrated nutrient management.
Presence of some mycotoxins in peanuts from harvest to storage
Authors: Meena I. Lavkor , Var I. , Saglam S. , Uckun O. , Tekin A.  and O. , Savas O.
Published: June 2019

In this study, aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid levels on the second crop of peanuts collected from 102 different research areas of Osmaniye and Adana, Turkey in 2016 was determined from harvest, drying, pre-storage and storage. During the periods of the research, it was found that aflatoxin levels in 86 out of 102 contaminated samples were ranged from 0.2 to 2177.2 ìg/kg. However, cyclopiazonic acid, another mycotoxin investigated in this study has not been found in any of the 102 peanut samples. When aflatoxin contamination compared in different periods; it was observed that the aflatoxin level in storage and drying (97%) periods were found to be higher than the harvest (66%) and pre-storage (71%). The statistical analysis showed that significant differences in the aflatoxins in drying, and storage periods. Therefore, for preventing grains from aflatoxins damage control management strategies need to be improved.
Da necessidade de intervenção estatal para combater o astroturfing nas relações cibernéticas de consumo
Authors: Martinez Regina Célia , Queiroz Maurício Veloso , Mello Cristiane Maria Freitas de
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho trata da importância do desenvolvimento pelo Estado de políticas públicas para o combate as práticas abusivas nas relações cibernéticas de consumo, especificamente o astroturfing. A pesquisa parte da observação do surgimento da relação cibernética de consumo, bem como da interseção entre cibernética e astroturfing. Assim, além de constituir propaganda enganosa, percebe-se que esse ato não se coaduna com os princípios democráticos constitucionais para a formação da opinião do consumidor cidadão. Portanto, é imperativa a criação de novos mecanismos de defesa do consumidor, próprios para a relação cibernética de consumo, haja vista que a legislação atual não possui a capacidade plena de defesa da condição do consumidor na sociedade da informação. Propõe-se, ademais, que o Estado e as associações de defesa do consumidor devem promover efetivamente a educação dos consumidores com a finalidade de que sejam conscientizados a respeito da verdadeira dinâmica do consumo na internet.
A quantificação do dano moral compensatório: em busca de critérios para os parágrafos V e X do art. 5º da CF/88
Authors: Bonna Alexandre Pereira , Leal Pastora Do Socorro Teixeira
Published: May 2019

O presente artigo traz uma reflexão sobre o conceito do dano moral, discorrendo sobre a justiça corretiva na tarefa da quantificação da indenização. Inicialmente, é apresentado o conteúdo de alguns bens jurídicos que uma vez violados geram direito à indenização por dano moral. Em seguida, são abordados os desafios envolvendo critérios de quantificação do dano moral em face da omissão legislativa nos níveis infra e constitucional. Por fim, são delineados parâmetros que podem auxiliar o juiz na quantificação da indenização por dano moral para a efetividade da função compensatória da responsabilidade civil.
Karakteristik Fenotipik dan Pengelompokan Jagung Pulut Hibrida Zea mays L. Hasil Persilangan Puncak
Authors: Juhriah Juhriah , Azrai Muhammad , Tambaru Elis , Rahayu Jum Eka
Published: May 2019

This research is the phenotypic characteristics and grouping of hybrid waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross had been carried out in the experimental plant Indonesian Cereals Research Institute (ICERI) in Maros South Sulawesi. This research aims to determine the phenotypic characters of the hybrid of waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross and grouping based on its phenotypic characteristics. This research used a randomized block design (RBD) with 17 th treatments (corn strains) and three replications. Waxy corn strains used were: URI 1 (G8), G8G1, G8G2, G8G3, G8G4, G8G5, G8G6, G8G7, Soppeng (G10), G10G1, G10G2, G10G3, G10G4, G10G5, G10G6, G10G7, and Paramitha.. All data (qualitative and quantitative) are arranged in binary tables and grouped using the NTSYST program. The observations show that the data obtained comes from 14 quantitative characters and 17 qualitative characters. Quantitative data from 14 characters were tested and the results of 10 characters were significantly different and the other 4 were not significantly different. The grouping results show that the 17 corn strains studied formed 3 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.76. Soppeng's corn is different from the others.
Evaluating Volcanic Hazard Risk Through Numerical Simulations
Authors: Fujita Eisuke , Iriyama Yu , Shimbori Toshiki , Sato Eiichi , Ishii Kensuke , Suzuki Yujiro , Tsunematsu Kae , Kiyosugi Koji ,   National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0006, Japan,   Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Ibaraki, Japan,   Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,   Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan,   Organization for Advanced and Integrated Research, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
Published: May 2019

As volcanic hazards induce damage with their flows of gases, liquids, and solid materials, a numerical simulation using multi-phase formulation is applicable to the analysis and evaluation of the risks from these volcanic hazards in both normal and emergent periods. A numerical simulation can also be useful for crisis management. Quick and precise evaluation is needed for upcoming and ongoing hazards, and we present here a concept for the development of a volcanic hazard evaluation system for these hazards, a system in which an input parameter database is compiled and countermeasure information is provided by considering the exposure and vulnerability database.
Outcomes in patients with DNA-damage repair related pancreatic cancer
Authors: Macklin Sarah , Hines Stephanie L. , Kasi Pashtoon M.
Published: June 2019

Background: Patients with DNA-damage response genes (DDR)-related pancreas cancer (BRCA1/2 or other DNA-damage related genes) may have improved outcomes secondary to increased sensitivity to DNA-damaging drugs (platinum chemotherapy/ poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP)-inhibitors). However, data is scarce pertaining to outcomes in this subset of patients. Our objective was to retrospectively identify DDR-related pancreas cancer patients and report on clinical outcomes.

Methods: Pancreas cancer patients with either a somatic or germline BRCA1/2 or other DDR genes were identified retrospectively through review of medical records (medical genetics/oncology), germline and tumor-based genetic testing results at our institution. Data regarding clinical outcomes, therapy received, and survival was subsequently extracted.

Results: A total of 11 patients with pancreas cancer were identified. Pathogenic DDR-variants detected were within BRCA1 (3), ATM (4), BRCA2 (2), PALB2 (1) and FANCC (1). Five of these individuals had prior history of other cancers. Clinically these tumors were localized (4), locally advanced (3), and metastatic (4) at diagnosis. Seven out of 11 patients were still alive at time of data review. Survival in the 3 patients who had died in the metastatic/advanced cohort was 23.5, 25.8 and 111.5 months. All patients with advanced disease had exposure to platinum chemotherapy.

Conclusions: Historical survival in patients with advanced and metastatic pancreas cancer is poor. Results of this DDR-subset of patients do show significantly superior outcomes, likely secondary to exposure to platinum drugs. This data, alongside other similar cohorts, would favor the DDR-genes being a predictive marker with improved survival if exposed to these drugs and the new class of drugs, PARP-inhibitors.
Functional Results and Photic Phenomena with new Extended-Depth-of-Focus Intraocular Lens
Authors: Giers Bert C. , Khoramnia Ramin , Varadi Dorottya , Wallek Hannah , Son Hyeck Soo , Attia Mary S. , Auffarth Gerd U.
Published: June 2019

Background

Evaluation of clinical and functional results of a new extended depth of focus intraocular lens (EDOF-IOL).

Methods

Sixteen cataract patients (thirty-two bilateral implantations) were assessed for uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected (CDVA) distance visual acuities; uncorrected (UNVA), distance corrected (DCNVA) and best corrected (CNVA) near visual acuities; and uncorrected (UIVA) and distance-corrected (DCIVA) intermediate visual acuities - as well as binocular defocus curves. Photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity was recorded. Reading acuity was evaluated using an electronic reading desk at fixed distances and at the patient’s preferred near and intermediate distances. Visual symptoms were assessed with a halo and glare simulator plus a patient questionnaire which also recorded quality of life.

Results

Median postoperative monocular UDVA was 0.13logMAR (range -0.08 to 0.42logMAR), median CDVA was -0.01logMAR (range -0.20 to 0.22logMAR), median UIVA at 80 cm was -0.05logMAR (range -0.18 to 0.58logMAR) and median UNVA at 40 cm was 0.14logMAR (range -0.10 to 0.64logMAR). Binocular uncorrected reading acuity was 0.10logMAR at 40 cm and 0.11logMAR at 80 cm. Patients preferred a median intermediate reading distance of 62.8 cm over the predetermined 80 cm, which allowed them to read smaller letter size but did not improve reading acuity. Patients reported a high rate of spectacle independence and satisfaction in everyday life and little to no dysphotopsia.

Conclusion

The Mini WELL Ready IOL provided good postoperative functional results at far and intermediate distances and improved the visual and reading acuity at reading distance. The lens caused little to no dysphotopsia.
Association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and thyroid dysfunction: a case-control seroprevalence study
Authors: Alvarado-Esqu Cosme , Ramos-Nevarez Agar , Guido-Arreola Carlos Alberto , Cerrillo-Soto Sandra Margarita , Pérez-Álamos Alma Rosa , Estrada-Martínez Sergio , Gutierrez-Martinez Verónica Dayali , Sifuentes-Alvarez Antonio , Ramírez-Valles Eda Guadalupe , Contreras-Cisneros Edith
Published: June 2019

Background: The association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and thyroid disease has been poorly studied. Therefore, we sought to determine the association between T. gondii seropositivity and thyroid dysfunction.
Methods: We performed an age- and gender-matched case-control study of 176 patients suffering from hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism and 528 control subjects without these diseases in a public hospital in Durango City, Mexico. Anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies were determined in sera from cases and controls using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay.
Results: Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies were found in 11 (6.3%) of 176 patients suffering from thyroid dysfunction and in 48 (9.1%) of 528 control subjects (OR=0.66; 95% CI: 0.33-1.31; P=0.23). Stratification by two groups of age (50 years and younger, and 51 year and older) showed that the youngest group of patients with thyroid dysfunction had a significantly lower seroprevalence of T. gondii infection than its age- and gender matched control group (1/83: 1.2% vs 23/257: 8.6%; OR=0.12; 95% CI: 0.01-0.93; P=0.01). This stratification also showed that the youngest group of patients with hypothyroidism had a significantly lower seroprevalence of T. gondii infection than its age- and gender matched control group (0/75: 0% vs 21/233: 9.0%; P=0.003).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that thyroid dysfunction is not associated with seropositivity to T. gondii in general; however, in young (50 years or less) patients, a negative association between infection and thyroid dysfunction and hypothyroidism was found. Further research to confirm this negative association is needed.
Diagnostic evaluation of IgM ELISA and IgM Immunofluorescence assay for the diagnosis of Acute Scrub Typhus in central Nepal
Authors: Gautam Rajendra , Parajuli Keshab , Stenos John , Tshokey Tshokey , Sherchand Jeevan Bahadur
Published: June 2019

Introduction

Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium,Orientia tsutsugamushi. Given their affordability and ease of use, antibody based diagnostic assays can be important diagnostic tools for early detection of scrub typhus fever in resource poor countries like Nepal. Immunochromatography (ICT) and IgM ELISA are two of the routinely employed antibody based assays for diagnosis of Scrub typhus fever in Nepal, although the recommended gold standard diagnostic test is IgM Immunofluorescence assay (IFA). This study evaluated the InBios Scrub Typhus Detect™ Immunoglobulin M (IgM) ELISA and IgM Immunofluorescence assays in single serum sample at the time of admission.

Methodology

Study participants (1585 suspected cases), were enrolled based on acute febrile illness with suspected scrub typhus cases in central Nepal from April 2017 to March 2018. Blood sample was collected from the suspected patients of scrub typhus, presenting with acute febrile illness. IgM antibody to Orientia tsusugamushi was detected by using Scrub Typhus Detect™ Kit (In Bios International, USA) and an in-house IgM IFA (Australian Rickettsial Reference Laboratory, Geelong, Australia. The IFA assay was performed with the Gilliam, Karp, Kato strains and O. chuto antigens following the ARRL protocol.

Result

Statistical analysis of ELISA IgM results when compared to reference test, IgM IFA results demonstrated the following characteristics, sensitivity 84.0% (95%CI: 79.73%-87.68%), specificity 94.82% (95% CI: 93.43%-95.99%), positive likelihood ratio 16.21% (95% CI: 12.71%-20.67%), negative likelihood ratio 0.17% (95% CI: 0.13-0.21%), disease prevalence 22.08% (95% CI: 20.06%-24.21%), positive predictive value 82.12% (95% CI: 78.28-85.42%) and negative predictive value 95.44% (95% CI: 94.27%-96.38%) respectively.

Conclusion

The study indicated that the IgM ELISA has the sensitivity 84.0% (95% CI: 79.73%-87.68%) and specificity 94.82% (95% CI: 93.43%-95.99%). Although IgM IFA is considered the gold standard test for the diagnosis of scrub typhus cases, it is relatively expensive, requires trained personal and a microscope with fluorescence filters. Scrub typhus IgM ELISA with appropriate OD cut–off values may be the best alternative test and possible viable option for resource limited endemic countries like Nepal.
Convergent degeneration of olfactory receptor gene repertories in marine mammals
Authors: Liu Ake , He Funan , Shen Libing , Zhou Jingqi
Published: June 2019

Background: Olfactory receptors (ORs) can bind odor molecules and play a crucial role in odor sensation. Due to the frequent gains and losses of genes during evolution, the number of OR members varies greatly among different species. However, it is still unclear whether the extent of gene gains/losses varies between marine mammals and related terrestrial mammals, and the factors that might underlie this variation are unknown.
Results: To address these questions, we identified more than 10,000 members of the OR family in 23 mammals and classified them into 830 orthologous gene groups (OGGs). There were significant differences in the numbers of both OR repertoires and OGGs among different species. We found that all marine mammals had less OR genes than their related terrestrial lineages, with the least OR genes in cetaceans; this result may be closely related to olfactory degradation. ORs with more gene duplications or loss events tended to be under weaker purifying selection. The average gain and loss rates of OR genes in terrestrial mammals were higher than those of mammalian gene families, while the average gain and loss rates of OR genes in marine mammals were significantly lower and much higher, respectively, than those of mammalian gene families. Additionally, we failed to detect any one-to-one orthologous gene in the focal species, suggesting that OR genes are not well conserved among marine mammals.
Conclusions: Marine mammals have experienced large numbers of OR genes compared with their related terrestrial lineages, which may result from the weaker purifying selection. Due to their independent degeneration, OR genes present in each lineage are not well conserved among marine mammals. Our study provides a basis for future research on the olfactory receptor function in mammals from the perspective of evolutionary trajectories.
Spatial Variation in the Relationship between Leptospirosis Incidence and Climate Determinants in Sarawak (Malaysia)
Authors: Kira Rosdi , Bilung Lesley Maurice , Ngui Romano , Apun Kasing , Suut Lela
Published: May 2019

Background

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by spirochete bacteria in the genus Leptospira, and it has become a significant public health challenge in Malaysia. Environmental survival and persistence of this pathogen are highly dependent on environmental conditions such as moisture content, pH and temperature. These conditions are further adapted by the natural climate system including precipitation and humidity which is highly heterogeneous at a geographical scale. This paper described the spatial and temporal distribution of leptospirosis incidence with climate factors using Geographical Information System and stratified the climate factors based on their association with the disease incidence rate.

Methods

Leptospirosis surveillance data from 2012-2016 were integrated into this study along with seven geo-spatial climate variables for the state of Sarawak, Malaysia. High and low clustering of incidence rate was explored by Getis Ord Gi* statistics. Geographical Weighted Regression model was utilized to study the relationship between the incidence rate and selected climate variables.

Results

Spatial analysis revealed seven districts in the state of Sarawak as hot spot areas, and six cold spot areas with GiZ score varies between (-3.092 to 3.203). The cumulative incidence rate demonstrated an increasing trend towards the South-East region of Sarawak with an average of 162 cases per 100,000 population. The univariate analysis reported a significant relationship (p<0.05) between leptospirosis incidence rate and temperature seasonality with the lowest AIC value of 31741.4. The results showed that temperature seasonality explained 99% (R2: 0.99) of the spatial variances in incidence rate with 42.31% of the localities showing a significant positive relationship.

Conclusion

The present study highlighted the importance of temperature seasonality as a potential determinant for the spatial distribution of leptospirosis cases with different strength and direction of the association. In conclusion, this suggests that specific interventions at a locality with strong climate determinants should be implemented to combat the burden of leptospirosis.
Herbal medicine (Danggui-Shaoyao-San) and Ear Acupoint Pressing Beans in the treatment of dysmenorrhea caused by endometriosis and adenomyosis: a study protocol randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tian Yingzhou , Wu Jiayi , Huang Yanxiong , Liang Xuefang , Cao Lixing
Published: May 2019

Endometriosis and adenomyosis are two of the most common causes of secondary dysmenorrhea and often lead to a deterioration in the quality of life. Traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture are widely used in the treatment of menstrual pain in clinical practice. Danggui Shaoyao San (DSS) and ear acupoint pressing beans may constitute an effective treatment strategy for women with dysmenorrhea due to endometriosis and/or adenomyosis, although evidence is limited.
Methods/design
This randomized, controlled clinical trial aims to recruit patients who suffer from menstrual pain due to endometriosis and/or adenomyosis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DSS and auriculotherapy. Primary outcome measures are Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), dysmenorrhea symptoms and traditional Chinese medicine correlative time points.
Discussion
This pivotal trial will be a standardized, scientific, clinical trial designed to evaluate the use of DSS and auriculotherapy in the treatment of dysmenorrhea due to endometriosis and/or adenomyosis. The trial will also conform to the international standards of clinical trials for the recognition of traditional Chinese medicine.
Trail registration
Chinese Clinical Trail Registry, ID: ChiCTR-IOR-17013829
Registered on 11th December 2017
Keywords: Danggui Shaoyao San; Ear pressing beans; Endometriosis; Adenomyosis; Dysmenorrhea; Randomized controlled trial
The necessity of Ⅱb dissection in T1–T2N0M0 oral squamous cell carcinoma: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Liang , Song Xuefei , Cui Chang , Ma Chunyue , Guo Bing , Qin Xingjun
Published: May 2019

Background: There is growing discussion of the relationship between health¬–related quality of life (HRQoL) and patient survival, which has been going on for the last few decades. Clinicians´ greatest wish is to extend the latter while improving the former. After neck dissection of early–stage oral carcinoma, “shoulder syndrome” appears due to traction of the accessory nerve during removal of level Ⅱb, which greatly affects patient quality of life. Since occult metastasis in level Ⅱb of early–stage oral carcinoma is extremely low, some surgeons suggest that level Ⅱb can be exempt from dissection to improve HRQoL. However, other surgeons take the opposite view, and thus there is no consensus on the necessity of Ⅱb dissection in T1–2N0M0 oral squamous¬ cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Methods: We designed a parallel–group, randomized, non–inferiority trial that is supported by Shanghai Ninth People´s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. We will enroll 522 patients of early oral carcinoma who match the inclusion criteria, and compare differences in 3–year overall survival, progression–free survival (PFS) and in HRQoL under different interventions (retention or dissection of level Ⅱb) between two groups. The primary end points will be tested by means of two-sided log-rank tests. Analysis of overall and progression–free survival will be performed in subgroups that were defined according to stratification factors with the use of univariate Cox analysis. In addition, we will use post hoc subgroup analyses on the basis of histological factors that were known to have effects on survival, such as death of invasion of the primary tumor. To evaluate HRQoL, we will choose the Constant–Murley scale to measure shoulder function.
Discussion: Currently, there are no RCTs with large sample sizes on the necessity of IIb dissection in T1–T2N0M0 OSCC. We designed this reasonable non–inferiority RCT that combines survival rate and HRQoL to assess the feasibility of IIb neck dissection. The result of this trial may guide clinical practice and change the criteria of how early–stage oral cancer is managed. The balance between survival and HRQoL in this trial is based on early-stage breast cancer treatment and may provide new ideas for other malignancies.
Oral Health Impact Profile in Orthodontic patient with Ectopic canine: A prospective clinical intervention of four treatment modalities
Authors: Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: May 2019

Objective

To evaluate oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Saudi subjects with ectopic canine, severe crowding and Class I normal occlusion and to assess the differences among different orthodontic treatment modalities [OTM] for baseline, 1-day and 28-day after fixed orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods

The study sample comprised 32 subjects with ectopic canine who were attending orthodontic clinics at the college of Dentistry. Subjects were equally grouped in to 4 based on OTM. Each participant was assessed for OHRQoL using the Oral Health Impact Profile, English version (OHIP-16). Initial comparison of baseline data of ectopic canine subjects was done with severe crowding (>8mm) and Class I normal occlusion with the matched number and aged subjects in later groups. Also, comparison of OHIP-16 scores among 4 OTM, baseline, 1-day and 28-day after treatment were done.

Results

OHIP-16 scores of ectopic canine, severe crowding and Class I normal occlusion group was 33.06, 33.09 and 26.43 respectively. Subjects with ectopic canine and severe crowding reported a significantly greater negative impact on the embarrassment, avoid smiling and lack of self-confidence however, overall OHRQoL score was insignificant. OHRQoL (total OHIP-16 score and score for each domain) have no significant changes among 4 OTM group (P >0.05). Significant dissimilarities in OHIP-16 scores were apparent with respect to treatment time.

Conclusion

Untreated malocclusion has a significant negative impact on OHRQoL. The greatest negative impact was seen in the several domain 1-day after treatment however, gradual improvement noted 28-day after treatment irrespective of 4 different OTM.
DEFORMATION OF THE AGRARIAN SECTOR AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF DILEMMA: GROWTH OR ANTI-DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Khomyn Iryna
Published: May 2019

It is accented, that since the end of ХХ century and during almost two decades of XXI the main problem in Ukraine has become the growing imbalance of plant and animal husbandry branches because of the evident decay of the latter. There is offered a thesis, according to which a cause of such deformation of the agrarian sector in Ukraine is distorted levers of the financial-economic of its development regulation. There is stated the fallacy of a stake on the concentration of agricultural production in agroholdings that take a lion share of budgetary dotations, whereas it is difficult for farmers even to get soft loans. As an argument, there are cited agricultural indices of Poland, where the problem of balance between plant and cattle branches doesn’t exist, because farm economies are their base like in countries of the European Union. Attention is accented on a necessity of the cardinal review of financial-economic development levers of the agrarian sector of Ukraine. It is offered to reject budgetary dotations that usually pass over most farmers, and are given selectively, not always for ones, who cannot develop their production without them, and at the same time don’t influence in any way the agrarian sector development because of their insufficiency. There is substantiated the expediency of reorientation of these costs to the privileged crediting of agrarians. It is expressed a conviction that due to that, it will become a financial level that creates possibilities for the development of production not only in agroholdings, but, by the Polish example, in small commodity producers that abruptly increases a need in the working force in villages, so prevents such negative phenomenon as the rural population decrease, mainly caused by the modern tendency of monocultural plant husbandry, ignoring its harmonization with animal husbandry.
Resistance and tolerance reactions of winter wheat lines to Heterodera filipjevi in Turkey
Authors: Dababat Abdelfattah A.
Published: June 2019

Nematodes attack cereal crops resulting in significant yield losses, estimated at 10%. The plant parasitic nematodes of the genus Heterodera attack cereals, particularly wheat, causing costly financial losses due to impact on yield. The soil borne pathogens program at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in Turkey has focused on screening wheat germplasm to identify sources of Heterodera resistant varieties for almost 20 years. The aim of this current study was to validate the finding that resistant lines demonstrate resistant reactions under controlled conditions and to test whether they present tolerant reactions when challenged with cyst nematodes under two different locations in field conditions. The results of this study, including the check lines, indicated that 27 and 28 lines maintained their reactions to H. filipjevi in Eskisehir and Yozgat field, respectively, and 23 lines were the same in both locations. In terms of tolerance, 3 and 13 lines proven to be tolerant and moderately tolerant to H. filipjevi in Yozgat field. In Eskisehir field, 13 and 14 lines were tolerant and moderately tolerant. In both locations, L7 showed tolerance reaction, although it was susceptible. The majority of the resistant germplasm (60%, 14 lines) of screened lines from the Turkey CIMMYT–ICARDA (TCI) nursery were found to be resistant to both H. filipjevi populations including L1, L3, L6, L15, L21, L26, and L34, whereas 17% (four lines) from the USA had the same reaction. L32 showed a high level of resistance and tolerance in both locations and could prove to be promising lines in the breeding programs. The International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP) formerly used these resistant lines in the crossing block and subsequently distributed them to more than 150 international collaborators. Regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between yield and RF of H. filipjevi in both nematode populations, which describes the negative impact of this pest on winter wheat. The results of this study are very important for breeding programs especially for the IWWIP, a joint program between the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, CIMMYT, and the International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA).
Materias susceptibles de arbitraje
Authors: Castillo Freyre Mario , Sabroso Minaya Rita , Chipana Catalán Jhoel , Castro Zapata Laura
Published: May 2019

El presente artículo desarrolla las materias susceptibles de arbitraje en la legislación nacional vigente (Decreto Legislativo N° 1071), sin dejar de citar la doctrina y derecho comparado tanto desde un criterio positivo como desde el criterio negativo que la normatividad anterior destacaba. Cabe resaltar el análisis que el artículo desarrolla sobre la doctrina del estoppel y la teoría de los actos propios en materia del arbitraje, así como los conflictos que afectan a la familia tanto de naturaleza extrapatrimonial como patrimonial en el ámbito del matrimonio, la vejez y la sucesión.
Relações contemporâneas entre esferas pública e privada na educação básica: o que dizem pesquisas sobre distintos contextos
Authors: Assis Lúcia Maria de , Lima Daniela Da Costa Britto Pereira , Adrião Theresa Maria de Freitas , Peroni Vera Maria Vidal
Published: June 2019

Editorial v. 35, n. 01, 2019.
Dimensionamento do quadro de funcionários das escolas de educação básica no Brasil
Authors: Alves Thiago , Assis Lúcia Maria de , Sonobe Aline Kazuko , Athayde Mariana Moschkovich
Published: June 2019

Este artigo apresenta lacunas nas políticas educacionais no que diz respeito aos funcionários de escola, reforçadas pela ausência de dados sobre esses profissionais no questionário específico do Censo da Educação Básica (CEB). Nesse sentido, propõe indicadores para dimensionamento do quadro de funcionários das escolas públicas, a partir do único item do CEB que permite obter informações sobre esses profissionais: “Total de funcionários da escola (inclusive profissionais escolares em sala de aula)”. Os resultados, por escola, mostram grande variabilidade, tendo em vista a heterogeneidade do sistema, e sugerem que novos estudos explicativos são necessários para compreender melhor essas diferenças.
Fully distributed hydrological modelling for catchment-wide hydrological data verification
Authors: Ocio D. , Beskeen T. , Smart K.
Published: June 2019

Hydrological data scarcity and uncertainty is a fundamental challenge in hydrology, particularly in places with weak or declining investment in hydrometric networks. It is well established that fully distributed hydrological models can provide robust estimation of flows at ungauged locations, through local calibration and regionalisation using spatial datasets of physical properties. Even in situations where data are abundant, the existence of inconsistent information is not uncommon. The measurement, estimation or interpolation of rainfall, potential evapotranspiration and flow as well as the difficulty in monitoring artificial influences are all sources of potential inconsistency. Less studied but as important, distributed hydrological models, given their capability of capturing both the temporal and spatial dimensions of the water balance and runoff generation, are suitable tools to identify potential deficiencies in, and reliability of, input data. Three heavily modified catchments in the East of England such as the Ely Ouse, the Witham, and the Black Sluice have been considered, all of which have issues of data scarcity and uncertainty. This paper demonstrates not only the benefits of fully distributed modelling in addressing data availability issues but also in its use as a catchment-wide data validation tool that serves to maximise the potential of limited data and contributes to improved basin representation.
Modeling effectiveness of broiler litter application method for reducing phosphorus and nitrogen losses
Authors: Arora Palki , Lamba Jasmeet , Srivastava Puneet , Kalin Latif
Published: May 2019

The linkages among the best management practices implemented at the field level and downstream water quality improvement at the watershed level are complex, because the processes that link management practices and watershed-level water quality span a range of scales. However, it is important to understand the effect of nutrient management strategies on watershed-level water quality because most of the water quality evaluation occurs at the watershed scale. The overall goal of this study was to quantify the effect of broiler litter application method (surface vs. subsurface application) on phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) losses in surface runoff using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The research was conducted in the Big Creek watershed (8,024 ha) located in Mobile County, Alabama, USA. At the hydrological response unit level, the subsurface application of broiler litter to pastures reduced average annual (1991–2015) total P and N losses in surface runoff by 72% and 33%, respectively, compared to surface application of broiler litter. At the watershed outlet, subsurface application of broiler litter to pastures (covered 43% of the watershed area after the land use change scenario) reduced average annual (1991–2015) total P and N losses by 39% and 20%, respectively.