bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Instability and Bifurcation Behavior of Orthotropic S-FGM Plates Under Lateral Stochastic Loads Considering Variation of Material Properties
Authors: Abedi Majid , Asnafi Alireza
Published: February 2015

In this paper, all the parameters affecting the nonlinear behavior of S-FGM plates under lateral stochastic white noise excitations are investigated. First the governing equation for a general S-FGM plate is derived for the assumed problem. Then it is rewritten by introducing some nondimensional parameters such that the results are applicable for a wide range of plates. Without loss of generality and using an example, the effective parameters on the instability and bifurcation of the transverse vibration of plates are studied, including the mean value of the lateral load with the in-plane forces and the material property. Especially, the role of material property is highlighted and some analogical figures are drawn to compare the behavior of the FGM plates with the homogenous ones. It is shown that the material property can affect the behavior of instability and bifurcation of the plate and its occurrence.
A family of rotation numbers for discrete random dynamics on the circle
Authors: Rodrigues Christian S. , Ruffino Paulo R. C.
Published: February 2015

We revisit the problem of well-defining rotation numbers for discrete random dynamical systems on S1. We show that, contrasting with deterministic systems, the topological (i.e. based on Poincaré lifts) approach does depend on the choice of lifts (e.g., continuously for nonatomic randomness). Furthermore, the winding orbit rotation number does not agree with the topological rotation number. Existence and conversion formulae between these distinct numbers are presented. Finally, we prove a sampling in time theorem which recovers the rotation number of continuous Stratonovich stochastic dynamical systems on S1out of its time discretization of the flow.
Chaki type pseudo-symmetric lightlike hypersurfaces
Authors: Şahin Bayram , Yıldız Ahmet
Published: February 2015

In this paper, we investigate lightlike hypersurfaces which are Chaki type pseudo-symmetric, Chaki type pseudo-Ricci symmetric and Chaki type pseudo-projective symmetric in a semi-Euclidean space. We also give some physical interpretations of Chaki type pseudo-symmetry condition.
Global stability for a delayed multi-group SIRS epidemic model with cure rate and incomplete recovery rate
Authors: Muroya Yoshiaki , Kuniya Toshikazu
Published: February 2015

In this paper, by applying Lyapunov functional approach, we establish a sufficient condition on the global stability of a "delayed" multi-group SIRS epidemic model with cure rate and incomplete recovery rate which does not depend on the delays and is an extension of the "light drug model" studied in the recent paper [Muroya, Li and Kuniya, Complete global analysis of an SIRS epidemic model with graded cure rate and incomplete recovery rate, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 410 (2014) 719–732] to a multi-group model. Applying a Lyapunov functional on total population of each compartment, we offer new techniques for the delayed system, how to prove the permanence, the existence of the endemic equilibrium and the global stability of disease-free equilibrium for the reproduction number [Formula: see text] and endemic equilibrium for [Formula: see text].
Multiobjective Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem and Time Seed Based Solution Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Kaiwartya Omprakash , Kumar Sushil , Lobiyal D. K. , Tiwari Pawan Kumar , Abdullah Abdul Hanan , Hassan Ahmed Nazar
Published: February 2015

A multiobjective dynamic vehicle routing problem (M-DVRP) has been identified and a time seed based solution using particle swarm optimization (TS-PSO) for M-DVRP has been proposed. M-DVRP considers five objectives, namely, geographical ranking of the request, customer ranking, service time, expected reachability time, and satisfaction level of the customers. The multiobjective function of M-DVRP has four components, namely, number of vehicles, expected reachability time, and profit and satisfaction level. Three constraints of the objective function are vehicle, capacity, and reachability. In TS-PSO, first of all, the problem is partitioned into smaller size DVRPs. Secondly, the time horizon of each smaller size DVRP is divided into time seeds and the problem is solved in each time seed using particle swarm optimization. The proposed solution has been simulated in ns-2 considering real road network of New Delhi, India, and results are compared with those obtained from genetic algorithm (GA) simulations. The comparison confirms that TS-PSO optimizes the multiobjective function of the identified problem better than what is offered by GA solution.
Metastatic, Her-2 Amplified Lacrimal Gland Carcinoma with Response to Lapatinib Treatment
Authors: Dennie Trevor
Published: February 2015

Carcinoma of the lacrimal gland is a rare malignancy, limiting opportunities to develop new therapeutic regimens through clinical trials. There are no standard guidelines on optimal treatment of lacrimal gland carcinoma. In addition, lacrimal gland carcinoma includes several different subtypes with distinct behavior and response to treatment, further complicating treatment. Overexpression of the Her-2/neu protein, a potential target for new therapeutic agents, has previously been described in lacrimal gland carcinoma; however, there are no published reports regarding treatment of lacrimal gland cancer with Her-2 directed medications. This case report describes treatment of a patient with metastatic lacrimal gland carcinoma with lapatinib, an oral agent with activity against Her-2/neu amplified malignancies. In this case, Her-2 overexpression was confirmed by biopsy of a metastatic site. PET imaging obtained 6 months after the initiation of lapatinib showed evidence of a partial response to treatment, although the patient later developed progressive neurologic complications related to her malignancy and ultimately died. Lapatinib and other Her-2 targeted agents may represent an effective therapeutic option for this rare malignancy, in cases of metastatic disease.
Green Concrete from Sustainable Recycled Coarse Aggregates: Mechanical and Durability Properties
Authors: Jain Neeraj , Garg Mridul , Minocha A. K.
Published: February 2015

Present investigations deal with the development of green concrete (M 30 grade) using recycled coarse aggregates for sustainable development. Characterization of recycled coarse aggregates showed that physical and mechanical properties are of inferior quality and improvement in properties was observed after washing due to removal of old weak mortar adhered on its surface. The influence of natural coarse aggregates replacement (50 and 100%) with recycled coarse aggregate on various mechanical and durability properties of hardened concrete were discussed and compared with controls at different w/c ratio. Improvements in all the engineering properties of hardened concrete were observed using washed recycled coarse aggregates. The compressive strength of 28-day hardened concrete containing 100% washed recycled aggregate was slightly lower (7%) than concrete prepared with natural aggregates. Water absorption, carbonation, and rapid chloride penetration test were conducted to assess the durability of the concrete. Concrete was found moderately permeable for chloride ions penetration and no carbonation was observed in all the concrete mixes studied.
Recent Changes of Some Observed Climate Extreme Events in Kano
Authors: Gbode Imole Ezekiel , Akinsanola Akintomide Afolayan , Ajayi Vincent Olanrewaju
Published: February 2015

Observed rainfall and temperature data for the period 1960–2007 were used to examine recent changes of extreme climate over Kano, located in the Sahelian region of Nigeria. The RClimDex software package was employed to generate nine important climate indices as defined by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection, Monitoring and Indices (ETCCDMI). For the entire period, the results show a warming trend, an increased number of cool nights, more warm days, and a strong increase in the number of warm spells. The rainfall indices show a slight increase in annual total rainfall, a decrease in the maximum number of consecutive wet days, and a significant increase in the number of extremely wet days. Such changes in climate may result in an increasing demand for domestic energy for cooling and a higher evaporation rate from water bodies and irrigated crop. These findings may give some guidance to politicians and planners in how to best cope with these extreme weather and climate events.
Animal Study on Primary Dysmenorrhoea Treatment at Different Administration Times
Authors: Pu Bao-Chan , Fang Ling , Gao Li-Na , Liu Rui , Li Ai-zhu
Published: February 2015

The new methods of different administration times for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea are more widely used clinically; however, no obvious mechanism has been reported. Therefore, an animal model which is closer to clinical evaluation is indispensable. A novel animal experiment with different administration times, based on the mice oestrous cycle, for primary dysmenorrhoea treatment was explored in this study. Mice were randomly divided into two parts (one-cycle and three-cycle part) and each part includes five groups (12 mice per group), namely, Jingqian Zhitong Fang (JQF) 6-day group, JQF last 3-day group, Yuanhu Zhitong tablet group, model control group, and normal control group. According to the one-way ANOVAs, results (writhing reaction, and PGF2α, PGE2, NO, and calcium ions analysis by ELISA) of the JQF cycle group were in accordance with those of JQF last 3-day group. Similarly, results of three-cycle continuous administration were consistent with those of one-cycle treatment. In conclusion, the consistency of the experimental results illustrated that the novel animal model based on mice oestrous cycle with different administration times is more reasonable and feasible and can be used to explore in-depth mechanism of drugs for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea in future.
On the Range of the Radon Transform onZnand the Related Volberg’s Uncertainty Principle
Authors: Abouelaz Ahmed , Ihsane Abdallah , Kawazoe Takeshi
Published: February 2015

We characterize the image of exponential type functions under the discrete Radon transformRon the latticeZnof the Euclidean spaceRn  n≥2. We also establish the generalization of Volberg's uncertainty principle onZn, which is proved by means of this characterization. The techniques of which we make use essentially in this paper are those of the Diophantine integral geometry as well as the Fourier analysis.
The Complications of Sinusitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital: Types, Patient Characteristics, and Outcomes
Authors: Chaiyasate Saisawat , Fooanant Supranee , Navacharoen Niramon , Roongrotwattanasiri Kannika , Tantilipikorn Pongsakorn , Patumanond Jayanton
Published: February 2015

Objective.To study the complications of sinusitis in a referral hospital and the outcome of the treatment according to the type of complication.Methods.A retrospective study was performed on patients with sinusitis who were admitted to a referral hospital from 2003 to 2012. The data for the sinusitis patients who had complications were reviewed.Results and Discussion.Eighty-five patients were included in the study, of whom 50 were male (58.8%). Fourteen of the cases were less than 15 years old, and 27 of the patients (31.7%) had more than one type of complication. The most common complication was of the orbital type (100% in the children, 38% in the adults). After the treatment, all of the children and 45 of the adults (63.4%) recovered, eight of the adult patients died (11.3%), and 18 of the adults were cured with morbidity (25.3%). The patients with more numerous complications had poorer outcomes. When the types of complications were compared (adjusted for age, gender, and comorbidities), the intracranial complication was the only one that was statistically significant for mortality.Conclusion.The outcomes of the treatment depended on the number and type of complications, with the poorest results achieved in cases of intracranial complications.
BrucellaEndocarditis as a Late Onset Complication of Brucellosis
Authors: Andriopoulos Panagiotis , Antoniou Christos , Manolakou Panagiota , Vasilopoulos Athanassios , Assimakopoulos George , Tsironi Maria
Published: February 2015

Brucellaendocarditis (BE) is a rare but life threatening complication ofbrucellosis. We present a case report of a patient with relapsing brucellosis complicated with aortic valve endocarditis. The patient underwent valve replacement and required prolonged antibiotic treatment because of rupture of the noncoronary leaflet and development of congestive heart failure. Since the onset of endocarditis in patients with brucellosis is not known, proper follow-up is required in order to identify any late onset complications, especially in endemic areas.
Bioenergetics and the Role of Soluble Cytochromescfor Alkaline Adaptation in Gram-Negative AlkaliphilicPseudomonas
Authors: Matsuno T. , Yumoto I.
Published: February 2015

Very few studies have been conducted on alkaline adaptation of Gram-negative alkaliphiles. The reversed difference of H+concentration across the membrane will make energy production considerably difficult for Gram-negative as well as Gram-positive bacteria. Cells of the alkaliphilic Gram-negative bacteriumPseudomonas alcaliphilaAL15-21Tgrown at pH 10 under low-aeration intensity have a soluble cytochromeccontent that is 3.6-fold higher than that of the cells grown at pH 7 under high-aeration intensity. Cytochromec-552 content was higher (64% in all soluble cytochromesc) than those of cytochromec-554 and cytochromec-551. In the cytochromec-552-dificient mutant grown at pH 10 under low-aeration intensity showed a marked decrease inμmax⁡[h−1] (40%) and maximum cell turbidity (25%) relative to those of the wild type. Considering the high electron-retaining abilities of the three soluble cytochromesc, the deteriorations in the growth of the cytochromec-552-deficient mutant could be caused by the soluble cytochromescacting as electron storages in the periplasmic space of the bacterium. These electron-retaining cytochromescmay play a role as electron and H+condenser, which facilitate terminal oxidation at high pH under air-limited conditions, which is difficult to respire owing to less oxygen and less H+.
CaLRS: A Critical‐Aware Shared LLC Request Scheduling Algorithm on GPGPU
Authors: Ma Jianliang , Meng Jinglei , Chen Tianzhou , Wu Minghui
Published: February 2015

Ultra high thread‐level parallelism in modern GPUs usually introduces numerous memory requests simultaneously. So there are always plenty of memory requests waiting at each bank of the shared LLC (L2 in this paper) and global memory. For global memory, various schedulers have already been developed to adjust the request sequence. But we find few work has ever focused on the service sequence on the shared LLC. We measured that a big number of GPU applications always queue at LLC bank for services, which provide opportunity to optimize the service order on LLC. Through adjusting the GPU memory request service order, we can improve the schedulability of SM. So we proposed a critical‐aware shared LLC request scheduling algorithm (CaLRS) in this paper. The priority representative of memory request is critical for CaLRS. We use the number of memory requests that originate from the same warp but have not been serviced when they arrive at the shared LLC bank to represent the criticality of each warp. Experiments show that the proposed scheme can boost the SM schedulability effectively by promoting the scheduling priority of the memory requests with high criticality and improves the performance of GPU indirectly.
CCR 20th Anniversary Commentary: Radioactive Drones for B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Knox Susan J. , Levy Ronald
Published: February 2015

In a study published in the March 1, 1996, issue of Clinical Cancer Research, Knox and colleagues (1) demonstrated the safety and efficacy of Yttirium-90 (90Y)-anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy, as well as the benefit of preinfusion of unlabeled antibody on radiolabeled antibody biodistribution. Subsequent clinical trials with this radiolabeled antibody led to regulatory approval of this treatment for B-cell lymphoma.Clin Cancer Res; 21(3); 493–4. ©2015 AACR.

See related article by Knox et al., Clin Cancer Res 1996;2(3) Mar 1996; 457–70
A Study of CINDY/DYNAMO MJO Suppressed Phase
Authors: Chen Sue , Flatau Maria , Jensen Tommy G. , Shinoda Toshiaki , Schmidt Jerome , May Paul , Cummings James , Liu Ming , Ciesielski Paul E. , Fairall Christopher W. , Lien Ren-Chieh , Baranowski Dariusz B. , Chi Nan-Hsun , de Szoeke Simon , Edson James
Published: February 2015

The diurnal variability and the environmental conditions that support the moisture resurgence of MJO events observed during the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability (CINDY)/DYNAMO campaign in October–December 2011 are investigated using in situ observations and the cloud-resolving fully air–ocean–wave Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS). Spectral density and wavelet analysis of the total precipitable water (TPW) constructed from the DYNAMO soundings and TRMM satellite precipitation reveal a deep layer of vapor resurgence during the observed Wheeler and Hendon real-time multivariate MJO index phases 5–8 (MJO suppressed phase), which include diurnal, quasi-2-, quasi-3–4-, quasi-6–8-, and quasi-16-day oscillations. A similar oscillatory pattern is found in the DYNAMO moorings sea surface temperature analysis, suggesting a tightly coupled atmosphere and ocean system during these periods. COAMPS hindcast focused on the 12–16 November 2011 event suggests that both the diurnal sea surface temperature (SST) pumping and horizontal and vertical moisture transport associated with the westward propagating mixed Rossby–Gravity (MRG) waves play an essential role in the moisture resurgence during this period. Idealized COAMPS simulations of MRG waves are used to estimate the MRG and diurnal SST contributions to the overall moisture increase. These idealized MRG sensitivity experiments showed the TPW increase varies from 9% to 13% with the largest changes occurring in the simulations that included a diurnal SST variation of 2.5°C as observed.
Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Seidman Michael D. , Gurgel Richard K. , Lin Sandra Y. , Schwartz Seth R. , Baroody Fuad M. , Bonner James R. , Dawson Douglas E. , Dykewicz Mark S. , Hackell Jesse M. , Han Joseph K. , Ishman Stacey L. , Krouse Helene J. , Malekzadeh Sonya , Mims James (Whit) W. , Omole Folashade S. , Reddy William D. , Wallace Dana V. , Walsh Sandra A. , Warren Barbara E. , Wilson Meghan N. , Nnacheta Lorraine C.
Published: February 2015

The American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO‐HNSF) has published a supplement to this issue featuring the new Clinical Practice Guideline: Allergic Rhinitis. To assist in implementing the guideline recommendations, this article summarizes the rationale, purpose, and key action statements. The 14 recommendations developed address the evaluation of patients with allergic rhinitis, including performing and interpretation of diagnostic testing and assessment and documentation of chronic conditions and comorbidities. It will then focus on the recommendations to guide the evaluation and treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis, to determine the most appropriate interventions to improve symptoms and quality of life for patients with allergic rhinitis.
Aseneth's Gastronomical Vision: Mystical Theophagy and the New Creation in Joseph and Aseneth
Authors: Putthoff Tyson L.
Published: February 2015

This article contends that Joseph and Aseneth establishes a model for an elite Jewish unit, set apart from the general populace, who mediate between God and humanity. They serve as the medium through whom God transfers his regenerating, recreating Spirit to humankind. As pneumatic intermediaries, the unit obtain a state of existence higher even than that of other Jews. Aseneth is exemplary of this defeat of the old ontological condition and entry into the new. She is also prototype of those who dispense God's Spirit to others so that they too can participate in the new creation. To obtain this mediatorial role and attain to this exalted condition, one must commit to the via mystica modelled by Aseneth, at the end of which lies a visionary ‘meal’ experience—a gastronomical vision—in which the initiate ingests the presence of God. Like Aseneth, initiates into this elite unit therefore engage in sustained, ritual asceticism. Their principal aim in doing so is to prompt the visionary-cognitive encounter with the divine. Upon beholding God directly, the initiate takes possession of the Spirit of life and undergoes an ontological transformation such that he or she comes to possess the existence of the new creation. God's pneumatic presence is so thoroughly permeating that the authors cannot but think of its reception and regenerating effects as anything other than an experience of ingestion, or what this article calls ‘mystical theophagy’.
Adsorption-desorption processes of azo dye on natural bentonite: batch experiments and modelling
Authors: Berez A. , Ayari F. , Abidi N. , Schäfer G. , Trabelsi-Ayadi M.
Published: February 2015

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a bentonite from the Gafsa deposit (western Tunisia) could be used to remove the Foron Blue 291 (FB) azo dye from wastewater. Batch adsorption and desorption experiments were conducted using untreated and purified bentonite and the influence of contact time, pH, adsorbent mass and temperature of the dye solution on the adsorption of FB was evaluated. Kinetic and isotherm data were fitted using two non-linear kinetic and two non-linear isotherm equations. In addition, the fits were evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2) and the RMSE. The percentage of dye removal increased with increasing amount of adsorbent until total discolouration was achieved. The adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir model, with the purified bentonite having a higher adsorption capacity than the raw material due to its higher specific surface area. In addition, the FB molecules were removed from the liquid medium by physical adsorption. Batch desorption experiments were conducted to study the desorption kinetics and the characteristics of the desorption isotherms as well as to quantify the portion of the FB (by mass) that was irreversibly fixed on the solid. Overall, the desorption kinetics were similar to the adsorption kinetics, which indicated that the adsorption-desorption process of azo dye is non-singular; irreversibility occurred that was underlined by an observed thermodynamic index of irreversibility (TII) of 0.69–0.94. The desorption isotherms of the FB depended on the mass of the FB that was initially adsorbed on the bentonite sample, suggesting hysteresis. The amount of irreversibly retained FB was between 46 and 68% of the initial adsorbed mass.
A systematic study of core size and coating thickness on manganese-doped nanocrystals for high T2 relaxivity as magnetic resonance contrast agent
Authors: Park Joseph , Kang Byunghoon , Kim Bongjune , Suh Jin-Suck , Huh Yong-Min , Haam Seungjoo
Published: February 2015

We describe a systematic study of coating thickness and their effect on different core sizes for the optimized preparation of highly sensitive manganese-doped magnetic nanocrystals (MnMNCs) to be served as magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent. From these efforts, MnMNCs with 12 nm core and DA-PEG2k coating demonstrated that T2 relaxivity (r2) was increased by 7.29-fold (r2 value: 452 mM−1 s−1) compare to conventional iron oxide (CLIO) and remarkable colloidal stability in various physiological conditions. Further in vitro cellular MR imaging results showed that MnMNC-PEGs were biocompatible and well suited for medical applications. This study will provide a useful synthetic strategy for the development of highly effective MR contrast agents.
3D seismic image processing for unconformities
Authors: Wu Xinming , Hale Dave
Published: February 2015

In seismic images, an unconformity can be first identified by reflector terminations (i.e., truncation, toplap, onlap, or downlap), and then it can be traced downdip to its corresponding correlative conformity, or updip to a parallel unconformity; for example, in topsets. Unconformity detection is a significant aspect of seismic stratigraphic interpretation, but most automatic methods work only in 2D and can only detect angular unconformities with reflector terminations. Moreover, unconformities pose challenges for automatic techniques used in seismic interpretation. First, it is difficult to accurately estimate normal vectors or slopes of seismic reflectors at an unconformity with multioriented structures due to reflector terminations. Second, seismic flattening methods cannot correctly flatten reflectors at unconformities that represent hiatuses or geologic age gaps. We have developed a 3D unconformity attribute computed from a seismic amplitude image to detect unconformities by highlighting the angular unconformities and corresponding parallel unconformities or correlative conformities. These detected unconformity surfaces were further used as constraints for a structure-tensor method to more accurately estimate seismic normal vectors at unconformities. Finally, using detected unconformities as constraints and more accurate normal vectors, we could better flatten seismic images with unconformities.
Kaleidoscope
Authors: Tracy Derek K. , Joyce Dan W. , Shergill Sukhwinder S.
Published: February 2015

Is there still a role for neurosurgery in psychiatry in 2015? Proof-of-concept work by a Korean team1assessed a novel, minimally invasive, non-cranium-opening technique in four patients with refractory obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). With just local anaesthetic to the scalp, magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) was utilised to thermally ablate the anterior limb of the internal capsule bilaterally. Unlike many other invasive procedures, this neuroimaged technique affords real-time monitoring of lesion induction and the patient's neurological and psychological status. The treated individuals showed a gradual improvement in their OCD, with mean symptom reductions of about a third over the 6-month follow-up period, and almost immediate and sustained improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms. No neuropsychiatric sequalae were seen in this limited sample, which certainly compares favourably with existing techniques. Psychosurgery evokes unsavoury images of the past, and it is uncertain how much will there is for such work: in an evidence-based profession, let the data lead.
Danger ahead: Challenges in undergraduate psychiatry teaching
and implications for community psychiatry
Authors: Abed Reem , Teodorczuk Andrew
Published: February 2015

This editorial discusses current challenges faced by educators in
undergraduate psychiatry in a community setting. It explores day-to-day
difficulties faced by clinical educators and also considers the changing
landscape of community services and how this might have an impact on
learning opportunities. We call for efforts to improve undergraduate
teaching in community psychiatry.
Heads in the sand may leave old age psychiatry looking foolish and vulnerable
Authors: Jolley David
Published: February 2015

Dementia has been recognised as a major challenge to health, social care and economies. Research by Rubinsztein and colleagues, in this issue, has compared the services provided by memory clinics with those of traditional community mental health team services. They conclude that memory clinics offer a more comprehensive and multidisciplinary service at no extra cost. Here I will question some of their findings and highlight the importance of better continuity of care between primary and secondary services.
Electrochemical Determination of CdS Band Edges and Semiconducting Parameters
Authors: Miandari Somaieh , Jafarian Majid , Mahjani Mohammad Ghasem , Gobal Fereydoon , Heidaripour Ashraf
Published: February 2015

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin film was electrodeposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) by chronoamperometry. The SEM images showed that hexagonal sheets of CdS deposited on the ITO surface. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed this structure for CdS crystals and the average of crystalline size and the lattice constant parameters are approximately 39.54 and a = 0.4136, c = 0.6696 nm respectively. Photo-electrochemical investigations were performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. CdS band edges and density of states (DOS) were determined by CV technique. The band gap energy (Ebg) was measured by ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy and electrochemical methods. Mott–Schottky plots were used to find the values of flat band potential (Efb), donor density (ND) and Debye length (LD). Also, the position of surface states was investigated by Mott–Schottky and LSV techniques. EIS was employed to confirm our electrochemical findings and investigate the charge transfer mechanism.
Juri Lotman in English: Updates to bibliography
Authors: Kull Kalevi , Gramigna Remo
Published: February 2015

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Generalized Almost Stochastic Dominance
Authors: Tsetlin Ilia , Winkler Robert L. , Huang Rachel J. , Tzeng Larry Y.
Published: February 2015

Almost stochastic dominance allows small violations of stochastic dominance rules to avoid situations where most decision makers prefer one alternative to another but stochastic dominance cannot rank them. While the idea behind almost stochastic dominance is quite promising, it has not caught on in practice. Implementation issues and inconsistencies between integral conditions and their associated utility classes contribute to this situation. We develop generalized almost second-degree stochastic dominance and almost second-degree risk in terms of the appropriate utility classes and their corresponding integral conditions, and extend these concepts to higher degrees. We address implementation issues and show that generalized almost stochastic dominance inherits the appealing properties of stochastic dominance. Finally, we define convex generalized almost stochastic dominance to deal with risk-prone preferences. Generalized almost stochastic dominance could be useful in decision analysis, empirical research (e.g., in finance), and theoretical analyses of applied situations.
Cabergolin therapy of hyperprolactinemia associated with intake of neuroleptics
Authors: Yunilainen O A , Starostina E G , Dzeranova L K , Kolesnikova G S , Katsiya G V , Goncharov N P , Synike A B , Rytik E G , Tulintseva E N , Dedov I I
Published: February 2015

Hyperprolactinemia associated with intake of neuroleptics (HAN) is a commonest endocrine disorder encountered in psychiatric practice. Approaches to the treatment of this condition remain to be developed. It is supposed that the use of dopamine receptor agonists may cause deterioration of the patients' psychic status. We have studied the influence of therapy with cabergolin on 44 patients presenting with HAN. It was shown that the long-term treatment using cabergolin is a safe and efficacious therapeutic modality for the patients suffering from psychic disorders. The frequency of exacerbation of psychic disorders in the group of patients treated with cabergolin was lower than in the control group. It is concluded that the correction of HAN by cabergolin in the patients presenting with psychic disorders leads to the significant improvement of reproductive and sexual functions.
Der Underground, die Wende und die Stadt
Authors: Kliems Alfrun
Published: February 2015

Der »Underground« ist eine künstlerische Verfahrensweise, die auf das historische Krisenbewusstsein der Moderne mit einer radikalen »Poetik der Vertikalität« reagiert. Die »Wende« steht metonymisch für diesen Moment sozialer Entsicherung. Als bevorzugter Topos ihrer erfahrbaren Manifestation dient die Stadt. Alfrun Kliems analysiert diese Konstellation anhand multimedialer Materialien des ostmitteleuropäischen Underground vor allem zwischen 1980 und 2010 - darunter von Egon Bondy, Ivan Martin Jirous, Jacek Podsiadlo, Marcin Swietlicki, Vladimir Makanin, Andrzej Stasiuk, Jurij Andruchovyc, Jáchym Topol und Peter Wawerzinek, aber auch vom Club der Polnischen Versager in Berlin und von der Orangen Alternative aus Breslau.
»Wir sind keine Araber!«
Authors: Pfeifer Kristin
Published: February 2015

Diese ethnologische Studie beleuchtet den Prozess der amazighischen Identitätsbildung in Marokko. Kristin Pfeifer zeichnet nach, wie Amazigh-Aktivisten selektiv auf das amazighische kulturelle Inventar zurückgreifen, um eine Differenz gegenüber der arabischen Bevölkerung zu unterstreichen und die Gruppe der Imazighen zu konstituieren. Anhand der Merkmale Sprache, Genderbeziehungen und Indigenismus analysiert sie die Beziehungen zwischen Diskurs und Praxis der Aktivisten und geht dem Wechselspiel zwischen lokaler, nationaler und internationaler Ebene der Bewegung nach. Das Buch legt anhand empirischer Daten aus einer multilokalen Feldforschung dar, in welchem Spannungsverhältnis sich soziale Bewegungen heute befinden.
FRICTION ANALYSIS ON SCRATCH DEFORMATION MODES OF VISCO-ELASTIC-PLASTIC MATERIALS
Authors: Setiyana Budi , Syafaat Imam , Jamari Jamari , Schipper DikJoe
Published: February 2015

Understanding of abrasion resistance and associated surfaces deformation mechanisms is of primary importance in materials engineering and design. Instrumented scratch testing has proven to be a useful tool for characterizing the abrasion resistance of materials. Using a conical indenter in a scratch test may result in different deformation modes, like as elastic deformation, ironing, ductile ploughing and cutting. This paper presents the friction analysis of some deformation modes of visco-elastic-plastic behaving polymer materials, especially PEEK (poly ether ether ketone).In general, it is accepted that the friction consist of an adhesion and a deformation component, which can be assumed to be independent to each others. During a scratch test, the friction coefficient is influenced by some parameters, such as the sharpness of indenter, the deformation modes and the degree of elastic recovery. Results show that the adhesion component strongly influences the friction in the elastic and ironing deformation mode (scratching with a blunt cone), friction for the cutting deformation mode (scratching with a sharp cone) is dominantly influenced by the deformation component. From the analysis, it can be concluded that the adhesion friction model is suitable for ironing - elastic deformation mode and the deformation friction model with elastic recovery is good for cutting mode. Moreover, the ductile ploughing mode is combination of the adhesion and plastic deformation friction model. ANALISIS FRIKSI PADA BENTUK DEFORMASI AKIBAT GORESAN PADA MATERIAL VISKO-ELASTIK-PLASTIK. Pemahaman tentang ketahanan abrasi dan deformasi permukaan  yang  menyertainya merupakan hal yang penting dalam rekayasa dan disain material. Peralatan uji gores terbukti ampuh untuk menyatakan ketahanan abrasi dari material. Pemakaian indenter kerucut dalam uji gores akan menghasilkan beberapa bentuk deformasi seperti halnya deformasi elastik, penyetrikaan, plowing dan pemotongan. Paper ini menyajikan analisis friksi dari beberapa bentuk deformasi permukaan dari material visko-elastik-plastik, khususnya pada PEEK (poly ether ether ketone). Secara umum dinyatakan bahwa friksi terdiri dari komponen adhesi dan deformasi yang diasumsikan tidak bergantung satu sama lain. Selama uji gores, koefisien friksi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa parameter, seperti ketajaman indenter, bentuk deformasi dan pemulihan elastik. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa komponen adhesi sangat berpengaruh pada deformasi elastic dan penyetrikaan (uji gores dengan indenter tumpul), sedang untuk pemotongan (uji gores dengan indenter tajam) sangat dipengaruhi oleh komponen deformasi. Dari analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa model friksi adhesi cocok untuk deformasi elastic dan penyetrikaan, sedang model friksi deformasi dengan pemulihan elastic, cocok untuk pemotongan. Selain itu, plowing merupakan kombinasi dari model friksi adhesi dan deformasi.
PENJERAPAN GAS CO HASIL PEMBAKARAN SAMPAH MENGGUNAKAN SORBENT TERMODIFIKASI DALAM REAKTOR FIXED BED
Authors: Mariana Mariana , Mulana Farid , Satriyo Purwana
Published: February 2015

ADSORPTION OF CO FROM WASTE COMBUSTION USING MODIFIED SORBENT IN A FIXED BED REACTOR. Gases produced by garbage burning consist of dangerous gases such as CO, SO2 and other gases. Technology for reducing dangerous gases from incinerator outlet can be done by using a dry or wet process. The dry process is more economical process because of simple process, easy maintenance and no liquid waste as product. However, the weakness of the dry process is low absorption conversion and low gas removal efficiency. One way to overcome these problems is to use sorbent which has high reactivity. An inexpensive sorbent that commonly used is Ca(OH)2. The aim of this research was to increase the reactivity of Ca(OH)2 sorbent by using diatomaceous earth and compost as a source of silica and biosorbent, respectively. Diatomaceous earth contains CaO, SiO2 and Al2O3 and compost contains bacteria as a biosorbent that can convert CO to CO2 and CH4. The reaction between SiO2 and Ca(OH)2 would form calcium silicate hydrate (CaO.SiO2.2H2O) that has a high porosity and reactivity. The results showed that the reactivity of Ca(OH)2 sorbent increased by addition of diatomaceous earth and compost. The results also showed that the sorption of CO gas increases with increasing of height of sorbent bed and temperature. The highest CO gas sorption was obtained at temperature of 150oC and sorbent bed height of 6 cm using the modified sorbent with Ca(OH)2/DE/compost ratio of 3:1:1. Gas hasil pembakaran sampah terdiri dari gas-gas yang berbahaya seperti CO, SO2 dan lain sebagainya. Teknologi penghilangan gas-gas tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan proses kering maupun proses basah. Penghilangan dengan proses kering lebih ekonomis karena sederhana, mudah pemeliharaan dan tidak menghasilkan limbah cair. Namun demikian, kelemahan proses kering adalah konversi absorpsi rendah dan efisiensi penyisihan  gas relatif kecil. Salah satu cara mengatasi masalah tersebut di atas adalah dengan menggunakan sorbent yang mempunyai reaktifitas yang tinggi. Sorbent yang umum digunakan dan murah adalah Ca(OH)2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan reaktifitas sorbent Ca(OH)2 dengan menggunakan tanah diatomeae sebagai sumber silika dan kompos sebagai sumber biosorbent. Tanah diatomea umumnya mengandung CaO, SiO2 dan Al2O3. Reaksi antara SiO2 dengan Ca(OH)2 membentuk kalsium silicate hidrat (CaO.SiO2.2H2O) yang mempunyai porositas dan reaktifitas yang tinggi. Kompos mengandung bakteri sebagai biosorbent yang dapat mengubah gas CO menjadi CO2 dan CH4. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reaktifitas sorbent Ca(OH)2 meningkat dengan penambahan DE dan kompos. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa penjerapan gas CO meningkat dengan meningkatnya tinggi unggun sorbent dan temperatur. Penjerapan gas CO tertinggi diperoleh pada penggunaan modifikasi sorbent Ca(OH)2/DE/kompos (3:1:1), temperatur 150oC dan tinggi unggun sorbent 6 cm dari variabel yang dilakukan.
PENGARUH KATALIS Co DAN Fe TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK CARBON NANOTUBES DARI GAS ASETILENA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PROSES CATALYTIC CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION (CCVD)
Authors: Kusworo Tutuk Djoko , Yusufina Desmile , Atyaforsa Atyaforsa
Published: February 2015

EFFECT OF Co AND Fe ON CARBON NANOTUBES CHARACTERISTICS FROM ACETYLENE USING CATALYTIC CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION (CCVD) PROCESS. Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) is one of the most well known nano-technology applications which the most of attracting the attention of researchers, because it has more advantages than other materials. The application of the CNT has extended into various aspects, such as electronics, materials, biology and chemistry. This research uses a system of Catalytic Chemical Vapour Deposition (CCVD), which aims to determine the influence of Co and Fe as a catalyst and zeolite 4A as a support catalyst with acetylene gas (C2H2) as carbon source in the synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs). In this experiment, used the ratio of acetylene gas and flow rate of N2 gas is 1:1 by weight of the catalyst Co/Zeolite and Fe/Zeolite amounted to 0.5 grams at the operating temperature of 700oC for 20 minutes. N2 gas serves to minimize the occurrence of oxidation reaction (explosion) when operating. From analysis result by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) shows the CNTs formed a type of MWNT with different of diameter size and product weight, depending on the size of the active component concentration on the catalyst. The larger of active components produced CNTs with larger diameter, whereas product weight syntheses result smaller. Use of the catalyst Fe/Zeolite produce CNTs with a diameter larger than the catalyst Co/Zeolite.  Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) merupakan salah satu aplikasi nanoteknologi yang paling terkenal dan banyak menarik perhatian para peneliti, karena memiliki beberapa kelebihan daripada material lainnya. Aplikasi dari CNT telah merambah ke berbagai aspek, seperti bidang elektronika, material, biologi dan kimia. Penelitian ini menggunakan sistem Catalytic Chemical Vapour Deposition (CCVD) yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi Cobalt (Co) dan Ferrum (Fe) sebagai katalis dan zeolit tipe 4A sebagai penyangga katalis dengan gas asetilen (C2H2) sebagai sumber karbon dalam sintesis carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Pada penelitian ini digunakan perbandingan laju alir gas asetilen dan gas N2 yaitu 1:1 dengan berat katalis Co/Zeolit  dan Fe/Zeolit masing-masing sebesar 0,5 gram pada suhu operasi 700 oC selama 20 menit. Dari hasil analisa Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) menunjukkan CNTs yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini memiliki tipe Multi Walled Nano Tube (MWNT) dengan ukuran diameter dan berat produk yang berbeda, tergantung dari besarnya konsentrasi komponen aktif pada katalis. Semakin besar konsentrasi komponen aktif akan dihasilkan CNTs dengan diameter yang semakin  besar, sedangkan berat produk semakin kecil. Penggunaan katalis Fe/Zeolit dengan kalsinasi akan menghasilkan CNTs dengan diameter yang lebih besar daripada katalis Co/Zeolit.
PALM KERNEL OIL SOLUBITY EXAMINATION AND ITS MODELING IN EXTRACTION PROCESS USING SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE
Authors: Setianto Wahyu Bahari , Atmaji Priyo , Anggoro Didi Dwi
Published: February 2015

Application of  supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) to vegetable oil extraction became an attractive technique due to its high solubility, short extraction time and simple purification. The method is considered as earth friendly technology due to the absence of chemical usage. Solubility of solute-SC-CO2 is an important data for application of the SC-CO2 extraction. In this work, the equilibrium solubility of the palm kernel oil (PKO) in SC-CO2 has been examined using extraction curve analysis. The examinations were performed at temperature and pressure ranges of  323.15 K to 353.15 K and 20.7 to 34.5 MPa respectively. It was obtained that the experimental solubility were from 0.0160 to 0.0503 g oil/g CO2 depend on the extraction condition. The experimental solubility data was well correlated with a solvent density based model with absolute percent deviation of 0.96. PENENTUAN KELARUTAN MINYAK INTI KELAPA SAWIT DAN PEMODELAN EKSTRAKSI DENGAN KARBON DIOKSIDA SUPERKRITIK. Sehubungan dengan kelarutan yang tinggi, waktu ekstraksi yang pendek dan pemurnian hasil yang mudah, aplikasi karbon dioksida superkritis (SC-CO2) pada ekstraksi minyak nabati menjadi sebuah teknik ekstraksi yang menarik. Karena tanpa penggunaan bahan kimia, metode ekstraksi ini dianggap sebagai teknologi yang ramah lingkungan. Kelarutan zat terlarut pada SC-CO2 merupakan data yang penting dalam aplikasi SC-CO2 pada proses ekstraksi.  Pada penelitian ini,  kelarutan kesetimbangan dari minyak biji sawit (PKO) dalam SC-CO2 telah diuji dengan mengunakan analisa kurva proses ekstraksi. Pengujian kelarutan tersebut dilakukan pada rentang suhu 323,15 K sampai 353,15 K dan rentang tekanan 20,7 MPa sampai 34,5 MPa. Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa kelarutan kesetimbangan hasil percobaan  PKO pada SC-CO2 adalah 0.0160 g minyak/g CO2 sampai 0,0503 g minyak/g CO2 tergantung pada kondisi ekstraksi. Data kelarutan kesetimbangan hasil percobaan  telah dikorelasaikan dengan baik menggunakan sebuah model kelarutan yang didasarkan pada densiti pelarut. Pemodelan tersebut mempunyai persen deviasi mutlak  0,96.
Utility of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and white blood cells alone and in combination for the prediction of clinical outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Zhydkov Andriy , Christ-Crain Mirjam , Thomann Robert , Hoess Claus , Henzen Christoph , Zimmerli Werner , Mueller Beat , Schuetz Philipp , for the ProHOSP Study Group
Published: February 2015

The added value of biomarkers, such as procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cells (WBC), as adjuncts to clinical risk scores for predicting the outcome of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is in question. We investigated the prognostic accuracy of initial and follow-up levels of inflammatory biomarkers in predicting death and adverse clinical outcomes in a large and well-defined cohort of CAP patients.

We measured PCT, CRP and WBC on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 and followed the patients over 30 days. We applied multivariate regression models and area under the curve (AUC) to investigate associations between these biomarkers, the clinical risk score CURB-65, and clinical outcomes [i.e., death and intensive care unit (ICU) admission].

Of 925 patients with CAP, 50 patients died and 118 patients had an adverse clinical outcome. None of the initial biomarker levels significantly improved the CURB-65 score for mortality prediction. Follow-up biomarker levels showed significant independent association with mortality at days 3, 5, and 7 and with improvements in AUC. Initial PCT and CRP levels were independent prognostic predictors of adverse clinical outcome, and levels of all biomarkers during the course of disease provided additional prognostic information.

This study provides robust insights into the added prognostic value of inflammatory markers in CAP. Procalcitonin, CRP, and to a lesser degree WBC provided some prognostic information on CAP outcomes, particularly when considering their kinetics at days 5 and 7 and when looking at adverse clinical outcomes instead of mortality alone.