bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluasi Energi Pada Reaktor Kontinyu Terhadap Produksi DOP
Authors: Widayanti Esty Qorry
Published: April 2024

Dioctyl Phthalate (DOP) merupakan bahan pembantu di beberapa industri bahan-bahan plastik yang biasanya disebut plasticizer seperti pada industri kabel, jok mobil dan bahan pelentur industri rumah tangga lainnya, maka dari itu ketersediaan DOP dapat membantu dalam industri plastik juga dapat menjadi komoditi ekspor. Proses pembuatan DOP dilakukan dengan dua langkah yaitu esterifikasi dengan katalis tetrabutil titanete dan dealkhoholiasi dengan suhu reaksi 165°C. Kapasitas pabrik DOP di Indonesia kurang lebih memiliki kapasitas terbesar 30.000 ton/tahun. Proses produksi DOP ini menggunakan Reaktor Alir Tangki Berpengaduk (RATB, bahan baku yang digunakan seperti 2-ethly hexanol (2-EH), phthalic anhydride (PA) dan katalis Tetra Isopropyl Titanane (TIPT) dimasukkan kedalam reaktor secara bersamaan. Reaktor jenis kontinyu ini memiliki beberapa kelebihan diantara nya perawatannya relatif murah dengan kondisi operasi steady state. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan evaluasi energi pada reaktor dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui heat loss pada saat proses pembuatan DOP. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut terhitung nilai Q input (Q1) pada reaktor sebesar 2.549.277,16 kj dengan kebutuhan energi pada reaktor Q reaksi (Q2) sebesar 119.179,759 kj dan nilai Q output (Q3) sebesar 2.549.277,16 kj. Dari perhitungan evaluasi energi di atas diperoleh nilai heat loss sebesar -1,6935x1012 kj yang relatif cukup besar. Untuk mengurangi hal tersebuat reaktor perlu ditambahkan jaket pendingin agar dapat meredam terjadinya perpindahan panas pada reaktor.
Analisis Faktor Koreksi Dimensi Paving Blok
Authors: Djau Rahman Abdul , Yunus Hawanafisa Putri , Bumulo Nasir , Nento Sartan , Olii Muh. Ramdhan
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kuat tekan beton karakteristik dan nilai faktor koreksi pengujian kuat tekan beton karakteristik pada sisi-sisi paving blok terhadap kubus beton normal dengan menggunakan tiga komposisi perbandingan pasir-semen yaitu 25% : 75%, 50% : 50% dan 75% : 25% dengan capaian mutu beton K.300 kg/cm2. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian kubus beton dengan nilai tertinggi kuat tekan beton karakteristik sebesar 323,61 kg/cm2, selanjutnya dibuat cetakan paving blok dengan jumlah sampel masing-masing 20 sampel dengan total keseluruhan 60 sampel untuk ketiga sisi. Dengan menggunakan metode trial and error selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian terhadap sisi masing-masing paving blok setelah umur paving blok sudah mencapai 28 hari. Hasil pengujian kuat tekan beton karakteristik masing-masing diperoleh yaitu sisi memanjang, kuat tekan beton karakteristik sebesar 52,16 kg/cm2 dengan nilai faktor koreksi 4,32, sisi lebar sebesar 408,86 kg/cm2 dengan nilai faktor koreksi 0,64 dan sisi tebal sebesar 406,55 kg/cm2 dengan nilai faktor koreksi 0,61.
Eksplorasi Material Bioplastik dari Limbah Kulit Jeruk untuk Perancangan Produk Tas Belanja
Authors: Naurah Alifah , Azhar Hanif , Pambudi Terbit Setya , Yurohman Yurohman , Riswoko Asep
Published: April 2024

Sampah kantong plastik merupakan salah satu penyumbang limbah plastik terbanyak sehingga diperlukan adanya alternatif penggunaan material bioplastik yang mudah terurai oleh lingkungan. Kulit jeruk sebagai sisa hasil pertanian memiliki potensi besar untuk diolah menjadi bahan baku material bioplastik. Material bioplastik berpotensi sebagai alternatif pengganti material yang sulit terurai oleh alam. Pada studi ini, limbah kulit jeruk yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioplastik, dirancang menjadi tas belanja dengan metode perancangan SCAMPER agar memiliki kualitas dan fungsi yang memadai. Eksplorasi material bioplastik dengan komposisi kulit jeruk, alginat, serat wol, gliserin, dan minyak kelapa masing-masing 19%, 21%, 3%, 47%, 9% dilakukan dengan metode pengeringan alami pada suhu dan kelembaban yang dikondisikan selama 3 hingga 5 hari dan setelah itu hasil material bioplastik dikarakterisasi menggunakan uji mekanik. Bahan bioplastik dari kulit jeruk memiliki ikatan fisik diantara bahan pembentuk dengan kuat tarik, daya beban, elongasi rata-rata, ketahanan robek masing-masing 1,01 N/mm2, 4,0 N, 87,7%, dan 4,1 N. Rancangan tas belanja dari lembaran kulit jeruk ini memiliki ukuran tas 25,5 x 25 cm dengan lebar tas 7,5 cm, warna oranye alami dengan nilai estetika lebih dibandingkan dengan tas belanja konvensional berbahan dasar kain.
Optimasi Suhu dan Lama Pemanasan dalam Pembentukan Kompleks Inklusi Ibuprofen dengan Agen Inklusi β-Siklodekstrin dengan Metode Sealed Heating
Authors: Amrullah Bagaskara Falah , Siswanto Agus , Suparman Suparman
Published: April 2024

Ibuprofen merupakan obat yang tergolong kedalam BCS kelas II dengan sifat kelarutan yang buruk. Salah satu metode untuk memperbaiki sifat kelarutan yaitu dengan pembentukan kompleks inklusi dengan β-siklodekstrin. Suhu pemanasan dan waktu pemanasan yang tidak tepat dapat memutus ikatan kompleks inklusi. Metode factorial design digunakan untuk optimasi suhu dan waktu pemanasan dalam pembentukan kompleks inklusi ibuprofen-β-siklodekstrin sehingga diperoleh 9 run. Kondisi optimum ditentukan dengan parameter kelarutan dan disolusi. Hasil penelitian bahwa waktu pemanasan 10 menit dan suhu 90°C merupakan kondisi optimum dengan nilai desirability 0,619. Peningkatan kelarutan dan disolusi ibuprofen dalam kompleks inklusi terjadi dengan waktu pemanasan yang lebih singkat dan suhu pemanasan yang lebih tinggi.
Analisa Tingkat Pelayanan Jalan Akibat Penutupan Palang Pintu Perlintasan Kereta Api
Authors: Sari Cremona Ayu Novita , Anjarwati Sulfah
Published: April 2024

Perlintasasan sebidang antara jalan raya dan kereta api menjadi titik potensi kemacetan. Perlintasan kereta api tersebut salah satunya di Banyumas yang menghubungkan Stasiun Sumpiuh dan Stasiun Tambak dengan jalur ganda dengan frekuensi kereta api yang cukup tinggi untuk perjalanan kereta api lintas selatan. Selain itu, hambatan samping yang terjadi pada perlintasan sebidang kereta api juga menjadi penyebab kemacetan diruas Sumpiuh. Penelitian dilakukan dengan survei lapangan selama dua hari pada hari libur dan hari kerja. Analisis data didasarkan pada Pedoman Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (PKJI) 2014. Data hasil survei meliputi survei geometrik jalan, volume lalu lintas, hambatan samping, kinerja jalan dan tingkat pelayan jalan. Berdasarkan hasil survey diperoleh volume kendaraan maksimum pada hari libur  jam puncak sore pukul 17.00 -18.00 WIB sebesar 2.698 skr/jam sedangkan pada hari kerja jam puncak pagi pukul 06.45-07.45 WIB sebesar 2.914 skr/jam. Kelas hambatan samping terjadi pada hari libur termasuk  tinggi (H) dan pada hari kerja sangat tinggi (VH). Derajat kejenuhan pada hari libur jam puncak sore bernilai 0,93 termasuk tingkat pelayanan jalan E dimana kondisi operasional arusnya tidak stabil dan kecepatan kadang terhenti dan pada hari kerja jam puncak pagi bernilai 1,05 termasuk tingkat pelayanan F dimana kondisi jalan tersebut terjadi antrian kendaraan yang panjang dengan kepadatan lalu lintas  yang tinggi.
Performa Pertumbuhan Nilem (Osteochilus vittatus) yang Diberi Pakan dengan Suplementasi Garam
Authors: Syakuri Hamdan , Pramono Taufik Budhi , Ekasanti Anandita , Nugrayani Dewi , Listiowati Emyliana
Published: April 2024

Suplementasi garam dalam pakan ikan mempunyai peluang meningkatkan efisiensi produksi perikanan budidaya melalui peningkatan pertumbuhan ikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji performa pertumbuhan Nilem (Osteochilus vittatus) yang diberi pakan dengan suplemen garam. Penelitian eksperimen dilaksanakan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, terdiri atas lima perlakuan dan enam ulangan. Perlakuan berupa suplementasi garam dengan dosis 0% (kontrol), 1%, 2%, 3%, dan 4%. Benih ikan (2,3 ± 0,16 g) dipelihara dalam sistem resirkulasi menggunakan wadah berisi 40 liter air dengan kepadatan 15 ekor per wadah dan diberi pakan uji selama 30 hari. Pertumbuhan ikan dan kualitas air diamati secara periodik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelompok ikan yang diberi suplementasi 3% garam memiliki pertumbuhan yang tidak signifikan lebih baik berdasarkan pertambahan berat, relative growth rate (RGR) dan specific growth rate (SGR). Ikan perlakuan 2% garam menunjukkan faktor kondisi yang cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan ikan perlakuan lain, namun tidak signifikan secara statistik. Suplementasi garam tidak meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan secara nyata namun berpotensi dapat membuat produksi budidaya Nilem menjadi lebih efisien.
Analisis Karakteristik Fisik dan Mikrobiologi pada Sirup
Authors: Faiza Arafany , Kumalasari Ika Dyah
Published: April 2024

Sirup  merupakan  cairan  kental,  yang  pada  biasanya terbentuk dari kombinasi air dan gula yang direbus sehingga menghasilkan larutan yang pekat. Untuk menjamin keamanan pangan produk dilakukan pengawasan kualitas. Pengawasan kualitas penting dilakukan untuk mencegah kontaminasi, menjaga proporsi bahan-bahan yang tepat, memastikan bahwa produk memenuhi standar keamanan pangan dan memenuhi harapan konsumen terkait cita rasa, warna, dan aroma yang khas. Analisis karakteristik fisik dan mikrobiologi pada produk sirup dilakukan menggunakan 3 parameter yaitu; viskositas, brix dan juga mikrobiologi. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik fisik dan mikrobiologi sirup. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu dengan observasi lapangan, pengukuran viskositas, pengukuran brix, pengecekan mikrobiologi dengan parameter Angka Lempeng Total (ALT), kapang-khamir, coliform, e.coli, dan salmonella. Berdasarkan hasil analisis viskositas sirup sebesar 143,2 Mpa.s, minggu ke-3 sebesar 122 Mpa.s dan minggu ke-4 sebesar 125,1 Mpa.s, brix sebesar 68°, 68°, dan 68°, ALT 4×10¹ CFU/mL, 1×10¹ CFU/mL dan 1×10¹ CFU/mL, kapang-khamir <10¹ CFU/mL, <10¹ CFU/mL, dan <10¹ CFU/mL, serta coliform, e.coli dan salmonella yang negatif. Karakteristik fisik sirup belum memenuhi standar viskositas perusahaan, dan karakteristik mikrobiologi sirup sudah memenuhi standar SNI 3544:2013, sehingga sudah aman untuk dikonsumsi.
Inovasi Baju Kateter untuk Kenyamanan Pasien Rawat Jalan dengan Gangguan Perkemihan Terpasang Kateter
Authors: Rahayu Intan Dwi , Suparti Sri
Published: April 2024

Katerisasi urine adalah tindakan untuk membantu pasien berkemih. Ada banyak penyebab dilakukan tindakan ini salah satunya adalah kompleksitas pengobatan dan keparahan penyakit. Penggunaan jangka panjang pada kateter menimbulkan ketidaknyamaan pada pasien. Sedangkan kenyamanan merupakan aspek penting dalam proses penyembuhan dan kuliatas hidup pasien. Melihat hal tersebut maka diperlukan inovasi baju kateter untuk membantu memberikan kenyamanan pada pasien terpasang kateter. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membuat baju kateter dan mengujikan produk pada ahli desain, ahli Kesehatan dan akademisi agar menghasilkan produk akhir yang layak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and development (R&D) atau penelitian dan pengembangan yang merupakan sebuah penelitian yang bertujuan untuk membuat atau menghasilkan suatu produk tertentu. Hasil uji kelayakan produk dengan analisis CVI didapatkan hasil S-CVI sebesar 1,00 dan S-CVI-UA sebesar 1,00 dengan 4 pakar menunjukan bahwa produk sudah layak, serta hasil uji kelompok terbatas oleh 10 orang mahasiswa didapatkan pernyataan bahwa produk baju kateter sudah layak. Produk baju kateter yang layak digunakan sebagai baju untuk membantu memberikan kenyamanan pada pasien rawat  jalan yang terpasang kateter.
Karakteristik Fisikokimia dan Sifat Fungsional Pati Alami Ubi Kayu Hasil Ekstraksi Secara Sederhana
Authors: Satmalawati Endah M , Paramita Brigitta L , Nino Jefrianus
Published: April 2024

Starch production is one of the post-harvest handling methods for cassava, and the resulting native starch can serve as a basic ingredient in various food industries. Understanding the physicochemical and functional properties of native starch and starch modifications such as profiles, gelatinization, retrogradation of starch paste, and rheological features is necessary to determine the appropriate application of starch in different products. This study aimed to determine cassava starch's characteristics, focusing on its physicochemical and functional properties to provide value. Native starch produced from cassava variety Adira-4 tends to exhibit relatively high viscosity (9084 cP), low solubility (0.4%), fairly low swelling power (35.39%), and low clarity (49.5%). Its brightness level was 84.81%, which was lower than the quality standard set by the Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI). It also possessed type A crystallinity with more compact properties, limiting its application due to its functional properties.
Variasi Waktu Bleaching dan Jenis Adsorben untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Minyak Ikan Silase Bandeng
Authors: Hamzah Nanang , Supriyanto Supriyanto , Indarto Cahyo
Published: April 2024

Milkfish is often processed into various products due to its nutritious and delicious taste. However, these production activities inevitably generate waste in the form of heads, bones, and offal, which are underutilized and contribute to environmental problems. Milkfish waste, which still contains a high-fat content, can be utilized to produce fish oil using the silage method. The pale and clear color of fish oil is one of the factors affecting consumer acceptance. This study aimed to determine the quality of fish oil derived from milkfish silage. Two factors were applied: bleaching time (10, 15, and 20 minutes) and various adsorbents (bentonite, activated carbon, and zeolite), treated as experimental variables. The results showed that the type of adsorbent and the duration of bleaching significantly affected (p<0.05) the quality characteristics of fish oil. The best results in this study were observed in samples subjected to a bleaching time of 20 minutes treatment with zeolite adsorbent, with a yield value of 95.91±0.25%. The color (L) was observed at 34.25±0.40; clarity at 98,35±0,50 %T; specific gravity at 0,833±0,00 g/mL; acid number at 0,28±0,00 mgKOH/g, free fatty acids at 0,13±0,00%, peroxide number at 0,60±0,14 mEq/kg. Overall, all treatments' physical and chemical characteristics, on average, have met the standard quality criteria established by SNI, IFOS, IFOMA, Draft CAC, and Farmakope.
ISLAMIC FASHION TREND PHENOMENON IN SEMARANG OLD CITY AREA
Authors: Pranoto Pranoto , Dwijaningtyas Srinata , Livansyah Angel , Khotimah Kusnul , Trisnanda Raviendo , Najmuddin Najmuddin
Published: April 2024

Tourism in Semarang's Old Town is a phenomenon that has a significant impact on tourists' dress preferences. This article presents an observational analysis of how age, economy, and culture influence tourists' dress choices in the context of Semarang's Old Town. The research method used is an ethnographic approach involving in-depth observations, interviews, and active participation in the traveller community. The results revealed age variations among tourists, with young people and older generations visiting. The implications of age are reflected in dress preferences, with the younger generation being more experimental in Islamic fashion styles, while the older generation is more conservative. Economic characteristics also play an important role, with high-income travellers opting for luxury clothing while low-income ones opt for more modest clothing. The influence of Islamic values creates diversity in clothing choices, with visitors who identify themselves as Muslims more likely to choose clothing in accordance with Islamic teachings. A sense of respect for a particular culture also influences clothing choices. In conclusion, tourists' dress preferences in Semarang's Old Town are reflected through a complex interaction between age, economy, Islamic values, and culture. Knowledge of these factors is important in the development of inclusive and sustainable tourism experiences.
YÜZEN ADALI GÖL SULARINDA FİZİKOKİMYASAL VE BİYOLOJİK PARAMETRELER ÜZERİNE ÇEVRESEL ETKİLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Akşit Selahattin , Akyıldız Gürçay Kıvanç
Published: April 2024

Denizli ili sınırları içinde yer alan Işıklı Gölü, Saklıgöl ve Karagöl'de bulunan yüzen adaların fiziksel özellikleri, toprak yapısı, bitki örtüsü, iklim koşulları ve jeolojik yapıları incelenmiştir. Ayrıca çevresel faktörlerin bu göllerin kimyasal ve biyolojik özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, 11 farklı bentik omurgasız türü belirlenmiştir. Işıklı Gölü ve Karagöl'ün su kalitesi "İyi" olarak değerlendirilirken, Saklıgöl'ün su kalitesi "Orta" seviyede ölçülmüştür. Göl alanlarında çamur, alg, yosun, makrofit gibi habitatlar öne çıkmaktadır. Sıcaklık ve çözünmüş oksijen seviyeleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiş, göl sularının artan sıcaklığının çözünmüş oksijen seviyelerini düşürdüğü gözlemlenmiştir. Amonyum azotu içeriği incelenen göllerde farklılık göstermiş, tarımsal faaliyetlerin özellikle Işıklı Gölü ve Saklıgöl'de etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Karagöl'ün ise daha düşük amonyum azotu içeriğine sahip olması çevresel faktörlerin etkisini göstermektedir. Göl alanlarının çevresel faktörlerle olan ilişkisi vurgulanmış, rüzgarın yüzen adaların bitki örtüsü üzerinde etkili olduğu belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışma, Denizli'deki göllerin ekolojik ve çevresel yapılarının anlaşılmasına ve korunmasına katkı sağlamaktadır.
Tarımsal SWOT Analizi ve Stratejileri (Bolu İli Örneği)
Authors: Çetin Faruk , Canan İhsan
Published: April 2024

İnsanlar yaşamlarını fiziksel ve psikolojik olarak sağlıklı bir şekilde devam ettirebilmek için temel besin ihtiyaçlarına gereksinim duyarlar. Tarım sektörü ihtiyaç duyulan besinlerin karşılan-ması, istihdam ve nüfus, ithalat ve ihracat, hammadde temini ve sanayideki rolü gibi birçok alanda stratejik konuma sahiptir. Dünyada ve ülkemizde yaşanan covid19 süreci, salgın hastalıklar, bölge-sel karışıklıklar ve savaşlar, iklim değişikliği, doğal afetler, enerji ve gıda krizleri gibi sorunlardan dolayı tarım sektörü değerini korumaktadır. Önemli bir yere sahip tarım sektörünün tarihi, durumu ve geleceği konusunda fazlaca bilimsel yöntem ve çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmalar arasında SWOT analizi de yer almaktadır. Tarımsal SWOT analizi ülkeler bütününde olduğu gibi bölgesel, yapısal veya içerik olarak farklılık gösterebilmektedir. Yapılan bu araştırma ile Bolu bölgesinin tarımsal durumunun avantaj ve dezavantajlarını güçlü, zayıf, fırsat ve tehdit yönlerini ortaya koy-mayı, tarımsal durumun ve farklı fikirlerin değerlendirilmesi ve strateji geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bolu için tarıma yön verecek üç stratejik konu: Birlik olmak, Turizmi değerlendirmek, Doğal Depo-lama-Lojistik ve Pazarlama olarak öngörülmüştür.
Reactions of Tetraploid Wheat Species to Septoria Tritici Blotch
Authors: Çat Ahmet
Published: April 2024

Ascomycetes fungal patojen Zymoseptoria tritici’nin neden olduğu Septoria tritici blotch (STB) buğdayın küresel düzeyde yıkıcı hastalıklarından biridir ve uygun koşullarda önemli verim ve kalite kayıplarına neden olur. Bu çalışma, 84 tetraploit buğday türünün STB hastalığına karşı dayanıklılığını belirlemek amacıyla 2020-2021 ve 2021-2022 yetiştirme sezonlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan çeşitler tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre iki tekerrür olacak şekilde Akdeniz Üniversitesi yerleşkesinde yetiştirilmiştir. Hastalık gözlemlerine göre; 2021'de, test edilen genotiplerin 39 (%46.4) 'nun STB hastalığına karşı hassas ve çok hassas reaksiyonlar gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Yine aynı yıl, genotiplerin 18 (%21.4)' i dayanıklı ve orta derecede dayanıklı olduğu saptanmıştır. 2022'de, genotiplerin 44 (%52.4)'ü STB hastalığına karşı hassas ve çok hassas reaksiyonlar gösterirken, 15 (%17.8) 'i dayanıklı ve orta derecede dayanıklı reaksiyon göstermiştir. Özellikle tüm Polonya buğday türlerinin STB hastalığına karşı çok hassas reaksiyonlar gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Öte yandan, bir gernik buğday türü, Triticum dicoccum var. haussknechtianum, her iki sezonda da dayanıklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, Akbaşak 073/144, Çakmak 79, Altıntaş 95, Yelken 2000, Fırat-93 ve Fuatbey 2000 gibi makarnalık buğday çeşitleri STB hastalığına karşı dayanıklı olduğu ve makarnalık buğday çeşitlerinde çok hassas reaksiyon saptanmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, belirlenen dayanıklı durum ve emmer buğday türleri/çeşitleri, STB hastalığına karşı dayanıklılık ıslah programlarında kullanılma potansiyeline sahiptir.
Türkiye’de Tarımsal Faaliyetler Karbon Emisyonunu Etkiler mi? “ARDL Testinden Elde Edilen Kanıtlar”
Authors: Özbay Ülkü
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye’de karbon emisyonu ile tarımsal faaliyetler arasındaki ilişkiyi 1990-2020 dönemi için analiz etmektir. Çalışmada karbon emisyonunu temsilen; CO2 emisyonu değişkeni, tarımsal faaliyetleri temsilen; bitkisel üretim endeksi, gıda üretim endeksi, hayvancılık üretim endeksi ve tarımsal katma değer değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Söz konusu değişkenler arasındaki eşbütünleşme ilişkisi ARDL Sınır Testi yaklaşımı ile açıklanmıştır. Analiz bulgularına göre tüm değişkenler arasında istatistiki olarak anlamlı eşbütünleşme ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Uzun dönemli sonuçlara göre; gıda üretim endeksi değişkeni ile CO2 emisyonu değişkeni arasında pozitif ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Buna karşın, tarımsal katma değer, hayvancılık endeksi ve bitki üretim endeksi değişkenleri ile CO2 emisyonu değişkeni arasında negatif ilişki söz konusudur. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar C02 emisyonu ve tarımsal faaliyetlere ilişkin literatüre katkı ve politika yapıcılar için aydınlatıcı bilgi sağlayacaktır.
Tarımsal Verimlilik ile İlişkili Faktörlerin Tespiti: BRICS-T Ülkeleri Örneği
Authors: Aydınbaş Gökçen
Published: April 2024

Ekonomik ve sosyal etkileri sayesinde tarım, bir ülke ekonomisinin temelini oluşturan unsurlardandır. Tarım sektörü birçok sektöre hammadde tedarik etmekte ve daha fazla katma değerli ürün ortaya çıkmasını sağlamaktadır. Ayrıca tarım sektörü, tarımsal faaliyetlerin yapıldığı kırsal alanlarda zamanla ortaya çıkan nüfus kaybına rağmen kentleri gıda ve çeşitli hammaddeler açısından beslemeyi sürdürmesi, ülkelerin tarımsal alanlarda verimliliğini arttırıcı etkisi ve dış ticaretteki yeri ile önemini korumaktadır. Tarım 4.0 (akıllı tarım) ise emek gücü ile üretim girdi maliyetlerini minimize ederek yüksek kaliteli, miktarlı ürün üretimi ve bu üretim karşılığında çiftliklerden temin edilen gelirlerin arttırılması noktasında ekonomik katkılar sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, BRICS-T ülkelerinde akıllı tarım (Tarım 4.0) bağlamında tarımsal verimlilik ile ilişkili faktörlerin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada panel veri analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın özgün değeri, ilgili yıl aralığı ve ülke grubu için Tarım 4.0 kapsamında tarımsal verimlilik ile ilişkilendirilen faktörlerin ekonometrik bir yöntem ile incelenmesi noktasında ortaya çıkmaktadır. Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Nedensellik Test sonuçlarına göre, tarımsal verimlilik endeksinden (TVE) kentleşme oranına (KNT) doğru tek yönlü; beşeri sermaye endeksi (BS) ile TVE arasında ise çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, tarımsal kalkınma ve kentleşme politikaları kapsamında beşeri sermayenin geliştirilmesine de odaklanılması gerekmektedir. Bu durum, tarımsal üretkenliği ve genel refahı artırmada ülkeler için faydalı olabilir.
Pathogenicity of the Steinernema feltiae TUR-S3 (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Isolate on Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Yaraşır Osman Nuri , Ergene Eren , Bütüner Alperen Kaan , Susurluk Hilal , Susurluk Alper
Published: April 2024

For many years, pesticides have been employed to manage pests that cause losses in agricultural yield and quality during storage. However, as the harmful effects of pesticides on non-target organisms became apparent, alternative approaches gained traction. Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNs), commonly used in biological control, are now being considered for controlling Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) and Tribolium confusum du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). This study evaluated the efficacy of Steinernema feltiae TUR-S3 (Rhabditida: Steinernema) isolate at five different concentrations (3 Infective Juveniles (IJs)/cm2 (8 IJs/adult), 6 IJs/cm2 (17 IJs/adult), 9 IJs/cm2 (25 IJs/adult), 18 IJs/cm2 (50 IJs/adult), 27 IJs/cm2 (75 IJs/adult)) against adult O. surinamensis and T. confusum. The results indicated the highest mortality rate, reaching 83.33%, was achieved in both pests at a concentration of 27 IJs/cm2 (75 IJs/adult). This suggests promising potential for controlling O. surinamensis and T. confusum using this approach.
Responses of Alkali Grass (Puccinellia ciliata Bor) Genotypes to Geothermal Water
Authors: Çınar Volkan Mehmet , Ünay Aydın
Published: April 2024

The increasing use of geothermal resources for generating electrical energy has brought the negative impact of geothermal fluids on the surrounding agricultural areas in Turkey. Alkali grass is one of the halophyte plant species that is spreading in marginal areas such as waterlogged, excessively alkaline and salty. We conducted the study to test the response of alkali grass genotypes to geothermal and mineral water used as irrigation water. Geothermal water negatively affected the observed traits by 14.01% (panicle length) and 64.21% (seed yield). The number of tillers per plant for biomass and the number of panicles per plant and plant height for seed yield were the determinant traits. Genotypes XII and XI were determined as seed-type, whereas genotypes IX and VIII were determined as biomass-type according to the Biplot graph.
Bazı Melez Asma Genotiplerinin Küllemeye Duyarlılıklarının Küllemeye Dayanıklılıkla İlişkili Bazı Markörler ile İncelenmesi
Authors: Bozkurt Abdurrahim , Yağcı Adem
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışma 2022-2023 yılları arasında Tokat Gaziosmapaşa Üniversitesi, Tarımsal Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezine ait seralarda yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 6 adet Narince × Kishmish Vatkana (NKV) ve 66 adet Narince × Regent (NRG) melezi Ren1, Ren3 ve Ren9 lokusları yönünden MAS yöntemiyle küllemeye dayanıklılıkla ilişkili markörler ile taranmıştır. PCR amplifikasyon ürünleri agaroz jel üzerinde görüntülenerek, örnekler bant var (+) bant yok (-) olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; genlerin bant görüntü sonuçları genotipler arasında değişkenlik göstermiştir. NRG-7, NRG-146, NRG-183, NRG-195, NRG-196, NRG-197 ve NRG-200 genotiplerinin bant görüntü sonuçları, bu genotiplerde daha önce yapılmış olan külleme skorlamaları sonuçları ile uyumlu tespit edilmiştir. NRG-146 ve NRG-195 genotipleri; Ren1, Ren3, Ren9, NRG-7; Ren3 ve Ren9, NRG-183 ve NRG-196; Ren9, NRG-197; Ren1, Ren9, ve NRG-200 genotipi Ren1 ve Ren3 lokusları bakımından bant (+) vermiştir. Son yıllarda, küllemeye karşı direnç genleri veya lokuslarının araştırılmasına olan ilgi artmış ve yeni direnç genleri veya lokusları keşfedilmiştir. Ren lokuslarında, külleme direncinden ve bunların etki mekanizmalarından hangi genlerin sorumlu olduğuna yönelik çalışmalar doğal olarak direnç genleri taşıyan üzüm çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesi, pestisit kullanımının azaltılması bakımından hayati derecede önem taşımaktadır.
Inclusive Education during Pandemic Crisis of COVID-19
Authors: Charalambous Constantia , Papademetriou Christos
Published: April 2024

The recent expansion of the COVID-19 outbreak has drastically altered the educational landscape, causing certain schools to operate on a distance education basis. The goal of this study is to investigate this phenomenon in depth, focusing on the elements that may contribute to the marginalization of students with learning disabilities and their immigration biography. At the same time, it attempts to investigate the perspectives of a group of students, teachers, and parents on how to avoid marginalization as a result of distance education. We employed a mixed research style to study the aforementioned problem. A total of 132 secondary school students, 52 secondary school teachers, and 49 secondary school parents were included in the study. As research tools, questionnaires, focus groups, observations and interviews were used. The data analysis reveals that the elements which may contribute to marginalization in remote education are primarily related to attention challenges, but also to technical difficulties. According to the participants, a closer collaboration between the Ministry of Education, school administrations and teachers, as well as revisions to the substance of teaching subjects, may be the solution to the problem. Keywords: COVID-19, distance learning, inclusive education
La cultura como fundamento de la violencia. Una lectura en clave latinoamericana desde Hannah Arendt y Rodolfo Kusch
Authors: Silva María Eva
Published: April 2024

Este artículo, parte de una base conceptual de las nociones de poder y cultura para reflejar la relación cultura-violencia. Desde un breve recorrido histórico se deja ver su presencia atemporal desde una mirada global. Asimismo, si bien esta relación se encuentra presente en cada etapa histórica, se cuestiona cómo siendo un tema común y normalizado en cierto punto llega a ser problematizada. En aras de comprenderlo, se trabaja con una segunda relación planteada por Hannah Arendt: mando-obediencia, la cual da sentido y existencia al Poder. Se revisará el rol fundamental de la cultura entendida en este caso como un factor determinante para comprender como las personas están entre un lado u otro de la línea. Además, desde estas nociones, se connota un afán por generar una supremacía cultural desde donde veremos reflejados los conceptos básicos de estas líneas. Por último, cabe destacar que este análisis recibe una gran influencia de la obra de Rodolfo Kusch, la cual otorga a este escrito el necesario tinte latinoamericano.
La violencia como límite del progreso. Una crítica arendtiana del optimismo tecnológico
Authors: Forni Gabriel Ignacio
Published: April 2024

La presente investigación se fundamenta a partir del análisis de la obra Sobre la violencia (2005) escrita por Hannah Arendt. Publicada en el año 1969 –en pleno auge de los movimientos emancipatorios de la década–, expone su perspectiva sobre el fenómeno de la violencia en relación con el mundo de lo político.
Nuestra hipótesis de trabajo consiste en sostener la existencia de una relación conceptual entre la violencia política, la tecnología y la idea de progreso según lo expuesto en la obra antes mencionada. Específicamente, proponemos que el vínculo generado entre violencia y tecnología se encuentra fundamentado en la noción decimonónica del Progreso (entendido como el desarrollo material futuro, acumulativo y eminentemente positivo). Advertimos que estos mecanismos erosionan la acción política propiamente dicha, ya que, en afán de reducir la imprevisibilidad inherente a la acción humana propician la introducción de la violencia en la estructura política.
Asimismo, notamos como la sociedad contemporánea fundada en estos ideales, tiende a naturalizar (e incluso fomentar) la violencia dentro del ámbito de lo político y lo social, llevando a conformar una serie de parámetros ideológicos que dirigen nuestras acciones e incluso nuestros modos de pensamiento.
En términos metodológicos, iniciamos por definir nuestra tríada conceptual de acuerdo a la interpretación que ofrece Arendt. Luego, procedemos a identificar los cruces teóricos, solapamientos e interdependencias que respaldan la relación que proponemos. Finalmente, presentamos las conclusiones que extraemos a partir de lo escrito por la autora, junto con nuestras propias contribuciones. El esfuerzo teórico consiste en visualizar y presentar las conexiones subyacentes en el pensamiento arendtiano, esperando aportar a una comprensión más profunda de su obra y a nuevas perspectivas para su interpretación.
Implementation Of Green Economy In Apartment Building In Surabaya
Authors: Triandarto Farid Triandarto , Navandi Dhony Navandi
Published: April 2024

Approach to urban green economy to apartment buildings. Surabaya is the largestmetropolitan city in East Java Province and the capital of the province. By population, it isthe second largest city in Indonesia after Jakarta. According to data from the Surabaya CityCentral Statistics Office (BPS), Surabaya's population is currently growing rapidly, and isexpected to have more than 2 million residents by 2021. With faster population growth, theactivity population also becomes more productive. Aside from growing populationactivities, the need for housing is also growing and is becoming a problem, especially inurban areas. The high cost of land and the shrinking number of vacant lots make it hard forimmigrants and local communities to buy houses or land in Surabaya. Therefore, a verticalhousing concept or apartment is needed to solve the expensive and difficult problem ofempty land in Surabaya. The concept of green city development emerged as a result of thisproblem. A network or system of urban green building uses nature to reduce or cope withurban issues and climate change.
Konsep Arsitektur Organik pada Perancangan Politeknik Pertanian dengan Pendekatan Piramida Efektivitas Belajar
Authors: Bahrul Ulum Mohammad Maulana , Masruchin Febby Rahmatullah
Published: April 2024

This architectural design explores the application of the millennial concept in organic architecture at the Indramayu Agricultural Polytechnic with a learning effectiveness pyramid approach. Focusing on millennial values ​​such as collaboration, sustainability, and technology integration, the learning space design is designed to maximize learning effectiveness. By integrating natural beauty, sustainability and technology, this research aims to create an innovative and sustainable learning environment at the Indramayu Agricultural Polytechnic, encouraging student interaction and critical thinking according to the pyramid concept of learning effectiveness.
Gabus sebagai Material Komposit Keramik Untuk Meredam Kebisingan Pada Lantai Dasar Bangunan
Authors: Patrisius Patrisius , Putra Heristama Anugerah
Published: April 2024

Setiap bangunan yang menggunakan material padat atau masif (tidak berpori) akan mudah menjadi penghantar untuk rambatan suara yang menimbulkan kebisingan. Kebisingan sendiri dapat berasal dari dalam bangunan itu sendiri dan menjadi sumber suara atau dari luar bangunan yang masuk melalui rambatan material dari sebuah bangunan itu. Kriteria rambatan suara yang merambat dan masuk pada sebuah bangunan harus dihindari untuk memberikan kenyamanan bagi pengguna didalamnya. Selain itu pemahaman untuk pemilihan material yang sesuai terkait material bangunan yang mampu meredam suara kebisingan. Terutama pada bangunan yang bertingkat, dimana pada jenis bangunan ini selalu timbul suara kebisingan dari material keramik yang menghantarkan rambatan suara hingga turun ke ruang atau lantai dibawahnya. Penelitian ini di lakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah tingkat kebisingan dan tekanan pada suatu lantai keramik dapat diatasi dengan menggunakan komposit gabus. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penyamaan frekuensi dengan merekam suara hasil observasi yang kemudian membandingkan tingkat kebisingan dengan batas maksimal suara yang dapat didengar oleh manusia. Jadi hasil yang diharapkan yaitu komposit keramik dengan gabus dapat mereduksi suara kebisingan dibawah batas kemampuan manusia mendengar yakni 140 Hz.
ANALYSIS OF COMPANY VALUE ANTECEDENTS IN LQ45 INDEX COMPANIES 2018-2023
Authors: Anggraeni Reni , Budi Agung
Published: April 2024

The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of investment decisions, funding decisions and dividend policies on the value of LQ45 index companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The period used in this research is 5 (five) years, starting from 2018-2023. This research uses quantitative research. The population in this study was 45 companies listed on the LQ45 index during the research period. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and a sample of 8 companies was obtained. The data analysis technique used is panel data regression. The research results show that investment decision variables have a partial and significant effect on company value. while company value has no influence on funding decisions and dividend policy.
THE EFFECT OF THIN CAPITALIZATION, LIQUIDITY AND PROFITABILITY ON TAX AVOIDANCE WITH FINANCIAL DISTRESS AS INTERVENING VARIABLE IN ENERGY SECTOR COMPANIES
Authors: Rahman Arif , Mappadang Agoestina
Published: April 2024

One of the sectors that contributes significantly to the country's revenue is the energy sector. As one of the pillars of the economy, this sector has a significant impact on Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The sizable contribution of the energy sector makes it one of the potential sources of high tax revenue for the state. However, this phenomenon also provides a loophole for tax avoidance practices that can harm state tax revenues. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of thin capitalization, profitability and liquidity on tax avoidance with financial distress as an intervening variable. The research population is all energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018-2022. The sampling method in this study used purposive sampling by setting certain criteria according to the researcher's consideration. Data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression using the Eviews statistical program. The results of the study indicate that thin capitalization has a positive and significant effect on financial distress, profitability has a negative and significant effect on financial distress, liquidity has a negative and significant effect on financial distress, thin capitalization has no effect on tax avoidance, profitability has a negative and significant effect on tax avoidance, liquidity has no effect on tax avoidance, financial distress has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance, financial distress is able to mediate the effect of thin capitalization on tax avoidance, financial distress is able to mediate the effect of profitability on tax avoidance, financial distress is able to mediate the effect of liquidity on tax avoidance.
UNDERSTANDING THE EFFECTS OF LIQUIDITY, PROFITABILITY, AND SALES GROWTH ON CAPITAL STRUCTURE: THE MODERATING ROLE OF COMPANY SIZE
Authors: Ramadhan Patriot Dwiguna , Indrabudiman Amir
Published: April 2024

This research aims to examine the influence of liquidity, profitability, and sales growth on capital structure with company size as a moderating variable. This research uses 54 energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, selected using a purposive sampling method from the period 2018 to 2022. This research uses Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the statistical method used to test the hypothesis is Jamovi version 2.3.28. The results of this research found that Liquidity has a significant positive effect on Capital Structure, Profitability has a significant positive effect on Capital Structure, Sales Growth has no significant effect on Capital Structure, Company Size moderates the effect positive of Liquidity on Capital Structure, Company Size cannot moderate the effect of Profitability and Growth Sales on Capital Structure.
Use of selective laser melting for production of bimetallic compounds made of steels of various classes
Authors:   National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute» — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials (VIAM), Bogachev I. A. , Rogalev A. M. ,   National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute» — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials (VIAM), Kaplanskiy Yu. Yu. ,   National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute» — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials (VIAM), Sevalnyov G. S. ,   National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute» — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Aviation Materials (VIAM), Kolmakov A. G. ,   A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science (IMET RAN), Martynenkova E. V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University)
Published: April 2024

The structure and mechanical properties of a bimetallic compound of two 12X18H10T steels made by selective laser melting (SLM) have been studied. Due to the proposed technological method, the transition in a bimetallic sample between two steels is realized with a clear boundary without a smooth gradient change in chemical composition. The resulting connection shows the high quality of the formation of the interface. The type and number of structural defects inherent in the synthesized material, in the compound do not differ from the samples of each of the steels produced by the SLM separately. The mechanical properties of the bimetallic compound show that the values are not worse than ones of less durable steel 12Х18Н10Т as compared to steel 09Х17Н. The tested approaches to the creation of bimetallic compounds can be used to make products with functional gradient characteristics, using the additive technology methods.
DO CAPITAL EXPENDITURES HAVE A MODERATING EFFECT ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN REGIONAL GOVERNMENT DEPENDENCE, SIZE AND FINANCIAL INFORMATION TRANSPARENCY?
Authors: Firmansyah Amrie , Sitorus Laurenza , Harsoyo Allamanda Titania
Published: April 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of dependence and size of local government on the transparency of financial information by using the proportion of capital expenditure as a moderating variable. Research was conducted in four cities and four regencies in Banten Province for five years (2018 - 2022). The method used is purposive sampling using secondary data from Regional Government financial reports and other related documents. Data was collected by accessing the official Regional Government website to search for financial information from 2018 to 2022. Hypothesis testing was carried out using multiple regression analysis for panel data. The research results show that the level of Regional Government dependency and the size of the Regional Government do not influence the transparency of Regional Government financial information, and capital expenditure does not play a moderating role in this relationship. This research implies the importance of transparency of Regional Government financial information as a monitoring medium for the community, especially in managing capital expenditure.
Stratejik Halkla İlişkiler ve Sivil Toplum: İşçi Örgütlerinin Kurumsal Web Sayfaları Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Şimşek İdris
Published: April 2024

Stratejik halkla ilişkiler kurumların hedef kitleleriyle sağlıklı iletişim kurmalarını sağlayan ve örgütün doğru yönetsel kararlar almasına katkı sağlayan bir disiplindir. Kurumsal web sayfaları ise bu stratejilerin önemli bileşenlerinden biridir. Yeni iletişim yöntemlerinde yaşanan gelişmeler, kurumların paydaşlarıyla olan iletişim şekillerinde de değişikliklere sebep olmuştur. Hedef kitlelerine ulaşmak için yeni iletişim araçlarının kullanımı neredeyse her kurum için zorunlu hale gelmiştir. Öte yandan kurumsal web sayfaları örgütlerin günümüzde kullandıkları iletişim araçların başında gelmektedir. Dolayısıyla kurumsal web sayfalarının stratejik halkla ilişkiler bağlamında ele alınması, bir kuruluşun genel iletişim yöntem ve durumunu anlamak için önemli bir araçtır. Bu bağlamdan yola çıkılarak ilgili çalışmada “Stratejik Halkla İlişkiler Açısından Kurumsal Web Sayfalarının İncelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında Koç Holding ve Sabacı Holding’in kurumsal web sayfaları örneklem olarak ele alınmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden içerik analizi kullanılan çalışmada ayrıca kodlama cetvelinden faydalanılmıştır.
Housing Rent Control at the Micro Level: Perspectives from Southeast and East Central Europe, 1918–1924
Authors: Miletić Aleksandar R. , Milošević Srđan
Published: April 2024

This paper presents both statistical and qualitative analyses examining the micro-level repercussions of state intervention, specifically the implementation of rent control systems and requisitioning in the housing rental markets of Southeast- and East-Central European regions in the aftermath of the First World War. The numerical assessment relies on the calculation of the residual postwar purchasing power parity of prewar rents, while the qualitative analysis endeavors to reconstruct the daily dynamics of coexistence among conflicting parties, encompassing instances of extreme intimidation and violence.
Izmišljena ili stvarna pretnja? Trockisti u SFRJ od studentskog protesta 1968. do suđenja trockističkoj trojci 1972. godine
Authors: Stanimirović Nemanja
Published: April 2024

This paper unveils the Trotskyist-Lambertist cell formation in Yugoslavia and the key role played by Yugoslav Trotskyists. It establishes their pre-1972 existence and active involvement in the actions leading to the 1972 conviction of three Belgrade students. This pioneering historiographical research sheds new light on post-1968 Belgrade student movement dynamics. Beyond uncovering hitherto unnoticed resistance to the communist regime, this study argues for social history approach, emphasizing activist perspectives, and innovative sources drawn from French archives, private collections, and oral history. The findings offer a nuanced comprehension of the regime’s repression tactics.
Adapting a preparatory skills-building program for carers of people with cancer through co-design: The iCanSupport Project.
Authors: Nic Giolla Easpaig Brona , Newman Bronwyn , Johnson1 Judith , Sansom-Daly Ursula , Jones Lucy , Hofstätter Lukas , Robertson Eden G , Harrison Reema
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Health services rely upon carers to provide care for a loved one with cancer, yet carers often feel ill-prepared for this role. Despite a multitude of programs to support carer mental health, programs that help carers feel better equipped to support a person with cancer are lacking. This study aimed to address this need by adapting an evidence-based intervention to be suitable for carers of people with cancer. Methods: The study used an exploratory, qualitative design consisting of experienced-based co-design and an in-depth stakeholder engagement strategy. An existing evidence-based program to promote resilience in the context of providing care was adapted for relevance to carers for people with cancer via two co-design workshops with carers and health professionals (n=8). The resulting prototype program was refined based on stakeholder consultations with staff and consumer members of cancer and carers support organisations across Australia (n=16). Transcripts of the workshops, meetings and written feedback from carers were thematically analysed. Results: Major program developments were guided by three themes which emerged in the co-design workshops: “creating value for carers”, “multiple contributors to carer distress”, and “the need for flexible implementation”. Analysis of the stakeholder consultation data showed that the themes of: “diversity in carer journeys” and “creating impact for carers” were key to further tailoring the program for applicability to practice. An adapted program called “iCanSupport” resulted from the process, with key adaptations being more relevant case study scenarios for carers, and greater flexibility in the process of accessing and engaging with the intervention to accommodate a range of carer circumstances. Conclusion: Programs to build skills for becoming a carer for someone with cancer are absent, yet desired by carers. Using co-design provided a user-centric approach to make adaptations to an existing evidence-based program. Program evaluation is required to determine the effectiveness of the co-designed approach for improving carer preparedness among a range of cohorts.