bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bias of the Hubble Constant Value Caused by Errors in Galactic Distance Indicators
Authors: Parnovsky S.L.
Published: November 2021

The bias in the determination of the Hubble parameter and the Hubble constant in the modern Universe is discussed. It could appear due to the statistical processing of data on the redshifts of galaxies and the estimated distances based on some statistical relations with limited accuracy. This causes a number of effects leading to either underestimation or overestimation of the Hubble parameter when using any methods of statistical processing, primarily the least squares method (LSM). The value of the Hubble constant is underestimated when processing a whole sample; when the sample is constrained by distance, especially when constrained from above. Moreover, it is significantly overestimated due to the data selection. The bias significantly exceeds the values of the erro ofr the Hubble constant calculated by the LSM formulae. These effects are demonstrated both analytically and using Monte Carlo simulations, which introduce deviations in the velocities and estimated distances to the original dataset described by the Hubble law. The characteristics of the deviations are similar to real observations. Errors in the estimated distances are up to 20%. They lead to the fact that, when processing the same mock sample using LSM, it is possible to obtain an estimate of the Hubble constant from 96% of the true value when processing the entire sample to 110% when processing the subsample with distances limited from above. The impact of these effects can lead to a bias in the Hubble constant obtained from real data and an overestimation of the accuracy of determining this value. This may call into question the accuracy of determining the Hubble constant and can significantly reduce the tension between the values obtained from the observations in the early and modern Universes, which were actively discussed during the last year.
Кінетика фазового переходу в змінному температурному полі
Authors: Zabashta Yu.F. , Kovalchuk V.I. , Bulavin L.A.
Published: November 2021

Запропоновано континуальну модель фазового переходу першого роду, яка базується на уявленнях класичної теорiї фазових перетворень. За допомогою цiєї моделi виведено загальну формулу, яка пов’язує вiдносний об’єм початкової фази iз температурою, що змiнюється з часом. Вiдповiдну формулу одержано для випадку лiнiйного зростання температури. Запропоновано схему експерименту, проведення якого дозволяє визначити фрактальну розмiрнiсть агрегатiв нової фази та поверхневий натяг цих агрегатiв.
A Prediction Model for Pediatric Radiographic Pneumonia
Authors: Ramgopal Sriram , Ambroggio Lilliam , Lorenz Douglas , Shah Samir S. , Ruddy Richard M. , Florin Todd A.
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Chest radiographs (CXRs) are frequently used in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We sought to construct a predictive model for radiographic CAP based on clinical features to decrease CXR use.

METHODS

We performed a single-center prospective study of patients 3 months to 18 years of age with signs of lower respiratory infection who received a CXR for suspicion of CAP. We used penalized multivariable logistic regression to develop a full model and bootstrapped backward selection models to develop a parsimonious reduced model. We evaluated model performance at different thresholds of predicted risk.

RESULTS

Radiographic CAP was identified in 253 (22.2%) of 1142 patients. In multivariable analysis, increasing age, prolonged fever duration, tachypnea, and focal decreased breath sounds were positively associated with CAP. Rhinorrhea and wheezing were negatively associated with CAP. The bootstrapped reduced model retained 3 variables: age, fever duration, and decreased breath sounds. The area under the receiver operating characteristic for the reduced model was 0.80 (95% confidence interval: 0.77–0.84). Of 229 children with a predicted risk of <4%, 13 (5.7%) had radiographic CAP (sensitivity of 94.9% at a 4% risk threshold). Conversely, of 229 children with a predicted risk of >39%, 140 (61.1%) had CAP (specificity of 90% at a 39% risk threshold).

CONCLUSIONS

A predictive model including age, fever duration, and decreased breath sounds has excellent discrimination for radiographic CAP. After external validation, this model may facilitate decisions around CXR or antibiotic use in CAP.
„Book of Anonymity“ von Anon Collective
Authors: Kinder-Kurlanda Katharina
Published: November 2021

Dies ist eine Rezension über das Buch "Book of Anonymity“ herausgegeben vom Anon Collective, erschienen bei punctum books, 2021, 484 Seiten, ISBN: 9781953035301.
Virtual Reality in Oral Hygiene Instruction: an Immersive Approach
Authors: Genaro Luis Eduardo , Marconato José Victor , Hanai Daniel , Gobbo Pawloski Carolina Luisa , Capote Ticiana Sidonko de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

Currently, oral health issues are increasingly been addressed and virtual reality (VR) is being used as an aid in health areas. However, there is little evidence of VR being used in preventing oral health problems. To evaluate the effectiveness of VR in oral hygiene education. Three hundred pupils, aged between 9 and 12 years, received instructions in oral hygiene by immersion VR and they gave their opinions about the performed activities. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied, with a significance level of 5%. Part perception of oral hygiene showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.550). There was an increase in the use of dental floss (P<0.001),  tongue brushing (P<0.001), and tooth brushing (P<0.001). Both drawings and comments made by participants related to oral hygiene were positive regarding the project. Conclusions: The use of VR in oral hygiene instruction was effective. Most participants increased brushing and flossing frequency and produced drawings related to oral hygiene. VR is effective and should be used in dentistry for teaching and prevention , especially with children, as it presents an interactive instructional space that can be approached in a playful way. This study presents dentists with a promising alternative for changing oral hygiene habits.
The endemic plants – a valuable resource with vast potential in Bulgaria: A brief overview
Authors: Petkova D.T. , Mihaylova D.Sp.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The plant kingdom with its natural products, both terrestrial and marine, has been widely studied. Plant-based products have long been used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Many natural compounds are reported to have a number of interesting and significant biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiparasitic, analgesic, antidiabetic, antiatherogenic, antiproliferative, and cardioprotective and neuroprotective activities. In order to find a natural product, researchers often explore the possibilities given by nature. Special attention is paid to bioactive compounds synthesized by endemic plants as a specific resource of limited habitat. This review focuses on a brief overview of endemic plants in Bulgaria, most common in the mountainous regions of the country, with the aim to encourage the knowledge of these resources with vast potential for unique biological compounds and specific characteristics beneficial to humans for various purposes.
Photosynthetic activity and productivity of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) affected by certain preparations and various terms of sowing
Authors: Nikolov P. , Delchev G.
Published: November 2021

Abstract: In 2019-2020, in the experimental field of the Field Crops Institute, Chirpan a field experiment with durum wheat cultivar Predel (Triticum durum Desf.) was conducted. Three sowing dates were tested: Early sowing (05 – 10 October), Normal sowing (20-25 October – standard) and Late sowing (05-10 November). In early sowing, 2 retardants were studied: Cearon 480 SL – 1 l/ha and Medax top – 1 l/ha and 2 insecticides: Proteus 110 OD – 625 ml/ha and Mageos – 100 g/ha, as well as the mixtures between them. During late sowing, 2 stimulants were studied: Naturamin plus – 1.5 l/ha and Raiza mix – 750 ml/ha and 2 foliar liquid fertilizers: Mix for cereal SC – 1.5 l/ha and Trimax SC – 1.5 l/ha, as well as the mixtures between them. These preparations and fertilizers are applied after stage 3-4 leaves of durum wheat, in the so-called “Closure of crops”. In the case of early sowing variants, this stage occurs in autumn, and in the case of late sowing variants, the stage occurs in spring. In the early sowing of durum wheat, the leaf area, photosynthetic potential, biological and economic yield are the greatest in the combinations of retardants Cearon and Medax top with the insecticides Proteus and Mageos. In the late sowing of durum wheat, the leaf area, photosynthetic potential, biological and economic yield are the highest in the combinations of the stimulants Naturamin plus and Raiza mix with the leaf fertilizers Mix for cereals and Trimax. In these variants, the leaf area dies faster during the milk development stage. The net photosynthesis productivity in the combinations is lower than in the independent use of the respective preparations and fertilizers. The harvest index in the late and normal sowing variants is higher than in the early durum wheat sowing variants.
Selectivity and stability of herbicides, herbicide tank mixtures and herbicide combinations on seed yield of Clearfield oilseed canola (Brassica napus L.)
Authors: Delchev G.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. During the period 2018-2020 a field experiment was carried out with the winter Clearfield oilseed canola hybrid Phoenix CL (Brassica napus L). Factor A included the years of investigation. Factor B included untreated control, 2 combined herbicides: Cleranda SC and Cleravo SC; 6 herbicide tank mixtures: Electron 500 SC + Maza 4 SL, Springbok + Maza 4 SL, Tanaris + Maza 4 SL, Butisan max + Maza 4 SL, Cliofar 600 SL + Maza 4 SL and Galera super + Maza 4 SL; 6 herbicide combinations: Caliph 480 ЕC + Maza 4 SL, Caliph mega + Maza 4 SL, Bismark CS + Maza 4 SL, Nero ЕC + Maza 4 SL, Brasan 540 EC + Maza 4 SL and Colsor trio ЕC + Maza 4 SL. Herbicides Cleranda, Cleravo and Maza were used in addition with adjuvant Dash HC. Foliar-applied herbicides were treated during 2-4 leaf canola stage. Soil-applied combined herbicides were treated during after sowing before emergence period of the canola. It was found that: (i) the highest seed yields are obtained by use of combined herbicide Cleranda, followed by herbicide tank mixture Electron + Maza and combined herbicide Cleravo; (ii) the high canola yields are also obtained by herbicide tank mixtures Butizan max + Maza, Springbok + Maza, Tanaris + Maza, as well as by herbicide combinations Caliph mega + Maza, Brasan + Maza, Bismarck + Maza; (iii) technologically the most valuable are combined herbicide Cleranda, followed by herbicide tank mixture Electron + Maza and combined herbicide Cleravo; (iv) in terms of technology for growing winter Clearfield oilseed canola, herbicide tank mixtures Springbok + Maza, Butisan max + Maza and Tanaris + Maza, as well as herbicide combinations Caliph mega + Maza, Bismar + Maza and, Nero + Maza get high rating; herbicide tank mixtures Cliofar + Maza and Galera super + Maza and herbicide combinations Caliph + Maza and Colsor trio + Maza get low rating.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH FOR PREPARING THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS
Authors: Lapadatov L. , Dyakova G. , Gocheva N. , Ivanova M. , Andreev T.
Published: November 2021

Research with students was conducted at the Trakia University- Stara Zagora. Sixty-six students (women) from the first and second year of their study from all specialties in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Faculty of Economics participated in the research. They were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group (36 students) and a control group (30 students). The purpose of the research was to discover the impact of the experimental methods for preparing the physical characteristics of the student. For the purpose of the research were applied - Theoretical Analysis, Sports and Pedagogical Tests, Pedagogical Experiment, Variation Analysis, Graphic Analysis and Comparative Analysis. A test battery including 5 tests for physical characteristics was prepared. From the analysis of the results can be seen that the conducted research was successful and the used methods were effective.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF SPECIALIZED EXERCISES FOR JUMP ENDURANCE AT AEROBICS TRAINING
Authors: Ignatova M. , Barova I.
Published: November 2021

The current article presents the results of the effect of applied specialized exercises for improvement of the jump endurance of female students, from the UNWE at mass aerobics classes. For proving our assumption that the purposeful impact on jump endurance at aerobics classes will improve it, we carried out an experiment within one semester limit (educational year 2019/2020). In it, 40 female 1st and 2nd year students from all specialties performing the exercises set in the educational curriculum have participated, in a complex with added elements for improving the jump endurance. We have subjected the results got from the control measurements, to mathematical-statistical processing. The investigation carried out proved to be successful, but regardless of this, it is necessary to look for possibilities for a bigger intensity and effectiveness, all the time.
STUDY STUDENTS AND SPORTS ACTIVITY DURING THE STATE OF EMERGENCY DUE TO COVID - 19
Authors: Slavcheva-Hinkova P. , Bozhkova A.
Published: November 2021

On March 13, 2020, the government overwhelmingly supported the introduction of a State of Emergency in Bulgaria.
The country’s main focus and efforts are concentrated on overcoming the infection with the new coronavirus - COVID - 19. Specialists are joining forces and based on scientific research and evidence are publishing recommendations for the best protection against the virus, the most important.
Our study is related to a survey among Bulgarian and foreign students currently pursuing different specialties at the Medical University - Sofia, to analyze how the emergency affects the habits and sports activities of students.
The tasks we set ourselves are preparation of an up-to-date questionnaire for the conditions of the emergency, with which to establish its influence on the habits and sports activity of the students, to process and analyze the data from the survey and based on the results obtained to draw necessary conclusions.
To achieve these goals and tasks, a 10 question questionnaire was developed, which was conducted online while remote learning during the Summer semester of the school, 2019/2020 with students from MU - Sofia.
EFFECT OF CIRCULAR WORKOUT ON MUSCLE STRENGTH OF FEMALE STUDENT
Authors: Petkov P.
Published: November 2021

The testing was conducted during the winter semester of the academic year 2016/2017. The study contingent consists of 69 female students from the Faculty of Agriculture, the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and the Faculty of Economics at the Trakia University of Stara Zagora. They were divided into two groups - experimental and control. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of circular workouts on the level of physical quality of muscle strength of Traкia University female students. To achieve our goal, we set out the following tasks - researching literature sources, developing and testing a specialized fitness model, developing a test battery, processing and analyzing the data from the testing. The following methods were used - pedagogical experiment, testing, variational analysis, comparative analysis, graphical method. A test battery has been developed. The results and analysis show that the experiment is successful and the developed fitness program is effective. Effectiveness of developed authors fitness model, based on circular workout, as part of the overall fitness training of the female students, for priority development of motor quality “strength” is experimentally justified.
The Physiological Responses of Zea Mays L. and Cucumis Sativus L. on Drought Stress and Re-Watering
Authors: Meriem Selis , Muliyah Evi , Angio Melisnawati H. , Triadiati Triadiati
Published: November 2021

Drought leads to deficit water availability and its detrimental effects seriously threaten plant growth. This study assessed the physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant adjustments in different types of photosynthetic plants between Zea mays L. (C4) and Cucumis sativus L. (C3 plant) under response to short-term drought stress. Analyses of relative water content (RWC), proline, and ascorbic acid (AsA) were performed to explore how these plants react to drought. Fifteen-day-old plants were subjected to full irrigation or gradual drought periods for 2-d, 4-d, 6-d, and 8-d following by recovery for 7-d. The results revealed that drought significantly reduces leaf RCW in both plants. Re-watered Z. mays after 8-d drought was higher than C. sativus and reestablished RCW by 23% of stressed plant although remained lower by 9% of the well-watered plant. While, proline and AsA contents in Z. mays were higher than those in C. sativus in drought treatment at 8-d (2.05 µmol/g FW) and 6-d (3174.60 AsA/100 g FW), respectively, that could demonstrate osmotic adjustment ability in this C4 species. The increased proline in both plants also indicates a good strategy for plants to recover. Rewatering gave a decrease AsA and could be expected that plants restore cellular activity after oxidative injury. Based on our study, proline is the most informative biochemical marker to differentiate plant response to drought and Z. mays adjusted defense mechanism to drought rather than C. sativus due to higher accumulation of proline, better antioxidant activity, and improved RCW after recovery.
The Diversity and Conservation Status of Snakes in Rawa Mekar Jaya, Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Adjie Agung Purnomo , Setyawatiningsih Sri Catur
Published: November 2021

Snakes in Mekar Jaya mangrove ecosystem have the potential be ecotourism objects. On the other hand ecotourism activities might reduce the quality of wildlife habitat, including that of the snake. This study aimed to determine the diversity and status of snake species in the mangrove ecosystem of Rawa Mekar Jaya. A transect of 20 x 50 m was made in three stations: rivers (S1), ecotourism route (S2), and dense mangroves (S3). The observation was carried out at low tide and repeated three times with a span of 2 days. Snake data was collected using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method. We revealed 59 snakes in the mangrove area of Rawa Mekar Jaya consisting of 3 species namely Boiga dendrophila, Cerberus rynchops, and Trimeresurus purpureomaculatus. B. dendrophila and C. rhyncops are mangrove specialists. The Shannon Wiener diversity index value (H ') for all observation stations is below one, so it is classified as low. All types of snakes found are not protected and classified as the least concern. C. rynchops is included in the CITES appendix III
Certeza moral en las causas penales, algunos obstáculos que se pueden presentar para alcanzarla
Authors: Rodríguez-Ocaña Rafael
Published: November 2021

En estas páginas apunto algunas de las dificultades que pueden presentarse al juez en la consecución de la certeza moral en las causas penales, e intento ofrecer soluciones desde la misma certeza moral que, como fin, punto central o clave de lectura, ilumina el camino procesal hacia la sentencia justa.
Emergency Department Visits for Adults with Mental Health Disorders: United States, 2017–2019
Authors: Santo Loredana , Peters Zachary , DeFrances Carol
Published: November 2021

This report presents data on emergency department (ED) visits by adults with mental health disorders.
O DISJUNTIVISMO ECOLÓGICO E O ARGUMENTO CAUSAL
Authors: Carvalho Eros Moreira de
Published: November 2021

(Este artigo faz parte de um projeto da Trans/Form/Ação: revista de filosofia da Unesp. Trata-se do Dossiê Filosofia Autoral, a ser publicado em 2022.) Neste artigo, argumento que a abordagem ecológica da percepção oferece recursos para desarmar o argumento causal contra o disjuntivismo. Segundo o argumento causal, como os estados cerebrais que proximamente antecedem a experiência perceptiva e a experiência alucinatória correspondente podem ser do mesmo tipo, não haveria portanto uma boa razão para rejeitar que a experiência perceptiva e a experiência alucinatória correspondente tenham fundamentalmente a mesma natureza. O disjuntivismo com respeito à natureza da experiência seria assim falso. Identifico três suposições que apoiam o argumento causal: a suposição da indistinguibilidade, a suposição da linearidade e a suposição da duplicação. De acordo com a abordagem ecológica da percepção, essas suposições não se sustentam, abrindo espaço para a defesa de uma versão ecológica do disjuntivismo. Episódios perceptivos se estendem ao longo do tempo e são supervenientes ao sistema organismo-ambiente. Eles também podem ser distinguidos dos 'correspondentes' episódios de alucinação por serem o resultado de um processo controlado de sintonização, ao passo que as alucinações são passivas e refratárias às atividades de exploração e sintonização. Por fim, o disjuntivismo ecológico, na medida em que é imune ao argumento causal, se mostra vantajoso em relação aos disjuntivismos negativo e positivo.
Gráficos estadísticos: guía práctica para estadística descriptiva
Authors: Obando-Bastidas Jorge Alejandro , Castellanos Sánchez María Teresa
Published: November 2021

Los gráficos estadísticos son objetos de la estadística con los que se pretende establecer un grado de comunicación, breve, sencillo y didáctico. El propósito general que motiva el desarrollo de este documento es la apropiación de las características de los gráficos construidos en las tablas de frecuencias y en los datos no agrupados que provienen de bases de datos reales. La importancia de adquirir la habilidad de diseñar un gráfico radica principalmente en la necesidad de comunicar datos de una manera visual, de manera que sea comprendido ampliamente por muchos grupos. Generalmente, los gráficos están en todos los medios de comunicación visuales y transmiten la realidad de los acontecimientos; el presente documento contiene, desde la definición de variables hasta la construcción de gráficos, estableciendo diferencias entre las variables de tipo numérico y las variables de tipo categórico. Los gráficos que aquí se muestran parten de la construcción de una tabla de frecuencias y son datos agrupados; sin embargo, gráficos como los Boxplot, no necesitan agrupación de los datos, puesto que, por su característica, estos gráficos salen de las bases de datos y proponen una información más precisa, ya que provienen de la fuente tal y como se conciben. Finalmente, en el trabajo se proponen algunos ejercicios de bases de datos reales y como propósito de evaluación se entrega un cuestionario de diez preguntas, diseñado con base en los lineamientos y los requerimientos de la taxonomía SOLO.
The Smart Money is in Cash? Financial Literacy and Liquid Savings Among U.S. Families
Authors: Bhutta Neil , Blair Jacqueline , Dettling Lisa
Published: November 2021

Most financial advisors recommend storing three to six months of expenses in liquid assets in case of an emergency. Yet we estimate that more than half of U.S. families do not have at least three months of their non-discretionary expenses in liquid savings. We find that financial literacy is strongly predictive of having three months of liquid savings, controlling for income, income variability, and even parental resources. We also find that financial literacy predicts liquid savings across the income distribution. These results indicate that accumulation of an emergency fund is not simply a function of income. Finally, financial literacy is predictive of liquid savings even among high illiquid wealth households. This suggests that the phenomenon of "wealthy hand-to-mouth" families may reflect financial mistakes rather than portfolio optimization. Our paper highlights the importance of financial knowledge in explaining families' preparedness to deal with unexpected expenses or disruption in their income.
Terör Saldırılarının Petrol Fiyatları Üzerindeki Etkisinin Dinamik Ortak İlişkili Etkiler Yaklaşımı ile İncelenmesi
Authors: EREN Murat , KÜNÜ Serkan , TOSUN Bengü
Published: November 2021

Bu çalışmada, terörist faaliyetlerin petrol fiyatları üzerindeki etkisi petrol tüketimi de göz önünde bulundurularak incelenmiştir. En çok terör eylemi meydana gelen 10 petrol ihraç eden ülke için 2001 – 2018 dönemi verileri ile yürütülen çalışmada değişkenler arasındaki ilişki Dinamik Ortak İlişkili Etkiler tahmincisi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, terör olaylarındaki ve petrol tüketimindeki artışın petrol fiyatlarını artırdığını göstermiştir. Bu çalışma ile büyük ölçüde dışsal olarak kabul edilen terör eylemlerinin enerji maliyetleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemek ve olası terör saldırıları durumunda enerji maliyetlerinin ne yönde gelişeceğini tespit ederek resmi otoritelere oluşturacakları projeksiyonlarda veri sağlamak amaçlanmıştır.
Taşrada Farklı Kadınlık Halleri: Kadın Mali Müşavirler Özelinde Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: KARCI Sevcan , KARAKOÇ Mehtap
Published: November 2021

Çalışmanın amacı Uşak'ta mali müşavirlik yapan kadınların hayat anlatılarından yola çıkarak taşradaki farklı kadınlık hallerini, farklı iktidar ilişkisellikleri açısından değerlendirmektir. Taşra gündelik hayatın dar bir alana hapsolduğu, bu nedenle mikro-iktidar ilişkilerinin daha hissedilir olduğu bir mekâna tekabül etmektedir. Toplumsal hafıza ise mekân, grup ve zaman arasındaki etkileşimin ürünüdür. Çalışma kapsamında hegemonik erkeklik değerlerinin taşrada farklı kadınlıkları nasıl inşa ettiği sorusundan hareketle Uşak'ta mali müşavir olan beş kadınla yarı-yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Çalışma mali müşavir kadınların meslekte ilerleyebilmek için erkek hegemonyasının ürettiği dili benimseme yöntemini tercih ettikleri sonucuna ulaşmıştır.
Büyükşehir Belediyeleri Web Sitelerinin Yönetişim İlkeleri Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: GENÇKAYA Ömer , GÜNDOĞDU Hakan Gökhan , AYTEKİN Ahmet
Published: November 2021

Yerel yönetimler, meclislerin gündemi, konsey toplantı tutanakları, yıllık bütçeleri, stratejik planlar ve diğer temel belgeler gibi bilgileri resmî web sitelerinde yayınlar. Bu çalışma, vatandaşa en yakın hizmet birimi olan yerel yönetimlerin resmî web sitelerini açıklık, şeffaflık ve katılımcılık gibi yönetişim ilkeleri yönlerinden değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Otuz büyükşehir belediyesinin web sayfaları, on üç ana kritere göre Stapel ölçeği ve içerik analizi yöntemi ile yeterlilik açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Kriterlerin ağırlıklandırılmasında LBWA yöntemi ve web sitelerinin sıralamasında CoCoSo yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, büyükşehir belediyesi web sitelerinin şeffaflık, denetim ve hesap verebilirlik yönlerinden yeterli düzeylere sahip olmadığını göstermektedir.
Trabzon’daki Kamu Hastanelerinin Yeşil Hastane Standartlarına Uygunluklarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: TURAN KURTARAN Ayten , YEŞİLDAĞ Ahmet Y.
Published: November 2021

Sağlık kurumlarında enerji ve su tüketimi, tıbbi atıkların imhası ve tehlikeli maddelerin yönetimi gibi alanlarda çevreci unsurların gözetilmesi sürdürülebilirlik açısından büyük öneme sahiptir. Çalışmada, Trabzon’daki yedi hastanenin yeşil hastane standartlarına uygunlukları değerlendirilmiştir. Yeşil hastane standartlarına uygunluk düzeyi, değerlendirme formundaki 40 soruya verilen evet yanıtlarının yüzdesiyle hesaplanmıştır. Trabzon ilindeki hastanelerin yeşil hastane standartlarına genel uygunluk düzeyinin %70,9 olduğu saptanmıştır. Kriterlere uygunluk boyutlar itibariyle incelendiğinde en fazla uyum sağlanan boyutun çevre yönetimi (%90,7), en az uyum sağlanan boyutun ise malzeme yönetimi (%38,1) olduğu saptanmıştır. İlgili boyutlarda sağlanabilecek iyileştirmelerin daha sürdürülebilir bir çevreye katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Yabancı Katma Değerin İhracat İçerisindeki Yerli Katma Değere Etkisi
Authors: ALKIN Huriye , TÜRKCAN Kemal
Published: November 2021

Küresel Değer Zinciri (KDZ), ticaret ve kalkınma politikaları için önemli bir unsur olmasına rağmen verilerin kısıtlı olması sebebiyle KDZ’nin iktisadi performans üzerindeki etkisine dair çok az bilgi bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Dünya Girdi-Çıktı Veri Tabanı (WIOD) verileri kullanılarak yabancı katma değer ile yerli katma değer arasındaki ilişki incelenmektedir. Analiz, En Küçük Kareler Kukla Değişkeni (LSDV) yöntemi aracılığıyla 42 ülke ve 2000-2014 dönemi için yapılmıştır. Analiz bulguları, yabancı katma değerin, ileri katılım ve yerli katma değer bağlamında ihracat performansını artırdığını göstermektedir.
What’s new for the clinician? - Excerpts from and summaries of recently published papers
Authors: Yengopal Veerasamy
Published: November 2021

Endodontic files are used to remove intracanal pulpal tissues, microbial biofilm, and toxic by-products and to develop a continuously tapering canal while maintaining the canal geometry that ultimately allows for the delivery of irrigating solutions and intracanal medicaments as well as the three-dimensional filling of the root canal system. Historically, stainless steel hand files have been used to perform canal shaping. However, these files are stiff and associated with increased operator fatigue, and when used in the preparation of curved root canals, the restoring forces of the files tend to return the file back to its original shape, resulting in canal transportation.
Effect of flask closure method on occlusal vertical dimension of complete upper and lower dentures
Authors: Mthethwa Sibusiso Rockfort , Maguga Lesibana Godfrey
Published: November 2021

The movement of teeth during processing of complete dentures disturbs the harmonious occlusal scheme established at the final wax try-in stage. Aims and objectives: to investigate the effect of RS flask closure on occlusal vertical dimensions of complete dentures. The mean occlusal vertical dimension of complete maxillary and mandibular dentures fabricated by the conventional flask closure were measured and compared with that of dentures fabricated by RS flask closure. Design: A pre-test post-test control group experimental design. Methods: Thirty sets of complete maxillary and mandibular wax trial dentures were randomly assigned to experimental groups. Fifteen sets were assigned to conventional flask closure and the remainder to RS flask closure. Compression molding with a long curing cycle was performed for the processing of the dentures. Pre-processing and post-processing occlusal vertical dimensions were determined. Results: The mean occlusal vertical dimensions of wax trial dentures assigned to either group were similar. The data produced substantial evidence to reject the null hypothesis that the post-processing mean occlusal vertical dimensions of both groups were equal. Conclusion: The occlusal vertical dimensions produced by dentures clamped by the RS flask closure were significantly less than those produced by dentures clamped by the conventional flask closure.
African female university students' experiences of online education at home during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Pillay Ansurie , Khosa Martha , Campbell Bridget , Nyika Nicholus , Sheik Ayub
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the study on which this paper is based was to explore how self-identified female African university students understand the influence of their home environments on their experiences of online education. The study took place during the COVID-19 pandemic when universities in South Africa and elsewhere introduced online teaching and learning. Using a qualitative approach to a single case study design within a critical feminist paradigm, we carried out an inductive thematic analysis of the data from seven in-depth, open-ended questionnaires and metaphors. We found that home environments play an important role in the education of female African students, particularly in a context characterised by gender inequalities exacerbated by inequities in material resources. However, a sense of agency, displayed by some participants, indicated their determination to rise above the many forms of marginalisation and discrimination they experienced.
21st Century competencies in Technical and Vocational Education and Training: Rhetoric and reality in the wake of a pandemic
Authors: Papier Joy
Published: November 2021

There is general agreement about the need for vocational education and training to embrace so-called modern technologies in gearing up to deliver to young people a broad range of what have become known as 21st century competencies, of which digital literacy, self-directed learning, and adaptive learning are but three. Recent Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) policies in South Africa incorporate the language of future competencies that ought to be acquired by college students through their curricula and delivered by lecturers with appropriate professional training. But in April 2020, confronted by the global COVID-19 pandemic and an immediate hard lockdown, TVET colleges went into crisis mode to try to meet a government demand that no student be left behind. While blended and remote methodologies had been employed to some extent in a few college programmes, the pandemic suddenly launched all lecturers into technology dependent teaching and learning. This article is based on a survey of conveniently selected public TVET college lecturers early in the lockdown who were under enormous pressure to continue the academic programme remotely. The snapshot I obtained was one of anxiety and consternation, but also of deep concern for students and their wellbeing under inordinately difficult conditions. Their conflicting priorities while they tried to balance remote teaching responsibilities and personal needs were illustrative of Maslow's well-known theorisation of humans and their hierarchy of needs. The limited research I conducted for this article was exploratory at a time in the pandemic when there were more questions than answers in every sphere of social interaction. My findings, therefore, do not seek to be definitive and there was full understanding that the education and training landscape was dynamic and shifting. However, what can be shared here is a moment in time to appreciate the experiences of a critical component of the TVET college sector under emergency conditions, and the distance they would have had to traverse towards official exhortations to leave no student behind.
Planning for freedom: From human capital to human capabilities
Authors: Powell Lesley
Published: November 2021

In this article, I build on critiques of the dominant skills orthodoxies that underpin National Skills Planning Systems (NSPS). I respond to calls for a broader conceptualisation of skills planning by discussing the contribution that the capability approach brings to the reconceptualisation of the role, purpose, and orientation of NSPS. Applying the capability approach as a thinking tool for building a broader approach to skills planning led to the identification of seven dimensions that frame an emancipatory approach to skills planning. My core argument is that COVID-19 has laid bare the urgent need for new approaches to skills planning that are informed by a different set of assumptions, driven by a different set of indicators, inclusive of different voices, undertaken through different processes, and, importantly, driven by a different set of goals. Responding to the call for a broader approach to skills planning and taking seriously the seven dimensions of an emancipatory skills planning system will require an alternative vision not only of skills and of work, but of society as a whole.
THE HISTORY OF THE LAW OF ADOPTION IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Glynis van der Walt
Published: November 2021

The article traces the historical development of the legal concept of adoption from early civilization to present day South African law. The requirements and consequences of the practice of adoption changed with time, and with the waning of the popularity thereof, adoption as a legal concept was unknown in Roman-Dutch law – the common law of South Africa .During the early 1900‟s increasing numbers of informal “adoptions” taking place in South Africa led to the promulgation of the Adoption of Children Act 25 of 1923. Where conducive to the welfare of the child, adoption was permitted. However, the political ideology of the time in South Africa had a major influence on adoption as a legal institution, with the consequence that the considerations of the welfare of the child were superseded by the ideology of racial segregation. Post constitutional democracy led to the securing and protecting of basic human rights, not least of all within the private context of ”family”. Ratification of international instruments which made provision for adoption, together with the dawning of the constitutional era in South Africa saw the child as the bearer of his or her own rights. In terms of our Constitution, every child was guaranteed the right to family care or parental care or appropriate alternative care. The article focuses on the development and evolution of adoption to its present-day status.
SOCIAL MEDIA AND THE ACTIO INJURIARIUM IN SOUTH AFRICA – AN EXPLORATION OF NEW CHALLENGES IN THE ONLINE ERA
Authors: Priya P Singh
Published: November 2021

The rapid rise in the use of social media networking sites in South Africa has posed new challenges to our courts. The law of defamation and privacy, which has long been considered well established, is now facing new demands on its boundaries because of the unique characteristics of social media in the online era.This note will discuss and critique three recent cases individually, concerning issues arising from the use of Facebook (a social media website) and the approach of the courts in extending the traditional law to the new demands of social media interaction.The aim of the note is to evaluate: the considerations which should apply to the granting of an interdict in respect of comments posted on Facebook, especially where alternative remedies are available; whether social media should be treated differently from electronic news media; how to establish ownership of a Facebook profile where such ownership is disputed; liability for anonymous defamatory posts on an individual’s Facebook profile; whether an individual can be liable for defamatory posts not made by himself personally, but in which he has been tagged; whether comments posed as questions can be regarded as defamatory; and the role played by apologies in claims for damages in defamation.The note concludes by discussing how South African courts have extended the traditional principles governing the actio injuriarium action in South African law – to the new challenges posed by the rise in popularity of social media networking sites.
“DUPED” SHAREHOLDERS MAY APPLY FOR WINDING-UP ORDER – SECTION 81(1)(e) OF THE COMPANIES ACT 71 OF 2008 Pinfold v Edge to Edge Global Investments Ltd 2014 (1) SA 206 KZD
Authors: Darren Subramanien
Published: November 2021

In what is the first case of its kind that to have come before the South African courts the shareholders in Pinfold v Edge to Edge Global Investments Ltd (2014 (1) SA 206 KZD) were granted permission by the KwaZulu Natal High Court (Durban) to wind up Edge to Edge Global Investments, a public company on allegations of fraud committed by the directors of the company. The application was brought before the court in terms of section 81(1)(e) of the Companies Act 71 of 2008. The decision is significant as it provides insight as to what the courts would consider to be fraudulent, illegal and a misuse or waste of the company's assets by the directors of a company, and what the shareholders of a company need to prove in order to be successful in an application based on section 81(1)(e) of the Act.
IMPOTENT? THE PROSPECTS OF THE NATIONAL REGISTER FOR SEXUAL OFFENDERS
Authors: Nina Mollema
Published: November 2021

The National Register for Sexual Offenders was created in accordance with Chapter 6 of the Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act 32 of 2007. In terms of this Register, the names of all convicted and, in certain circumstances, alleged sex offenders who perpetrated a sexual offence against children or mentally-ill persons, before or after the coming into force of the Chapter, whether their convictions or alleged transgressions were committed in or outside the Republic, must be recorded in the Register. The purpose of the Register is to protect children and mentally-disabled persons against sexual offenders by establishing and maintaining a record of convicted and alleged sex offenders and informing employers, licensing authorities, and authorities dealing with fostering, kinship- and temporary safe care-giving, adoption or curatorship whether a person’s particulars appear on the register. Although the Register was implemented in 2009, it is still not functional and fraught with problems. These problems were already anticipated by the South African Law Reform Commission in 1997 who recommended against the establishment of such a register, yet the submission was ignored. It is not apparent that the Register is accomplishing its intended purpose. Not only is its proper functioning undermined by overbroad and vague provisions resulting in legal action being instituted, but resource and administrative challenges are also impeding its purpose. This note contextualises the Register and considers its current status as well as its future potential. It is argued that, despite atrocious sexual offences statistics in South Africa, the Register is not a panacea to remedy the situation, and more viable alternatives should be utilised.
Palm Tree Whispers and Mountain Escapes: How Contemporary Artworks Contribute to an Inclusive Public Sphere
Authors: Aerne Annatina
Published: November 2021

How do artworks contribute to a more inclusive public sphere? Artworks contribute to the inclusiveness of a public sphere in that they help us consider previous objects as acting subjects, and thus as entities deserving membership in the public sphere. In addition, artworks typically attract a public, thus generating the necessary recognition for additional subjects. We propose a typology that categorizes artworks’ contribution to an inclusive public sphere. The typology is based on two axes: (a) artworks’ explicitness in attributing the status of a subject to a previous object and (b) the number of people that get to see the artwork. In order to illustrate the applicability of the typology and in order to understand how the two dimensions relate to one another, we analyze how two artworks include the non‐human as subjects into the public sphere: Eduardo Navarro’s Sound Mirror (shown at the 2016 São Paulo Biennal) and Prabhakar Pachpute’s Mountain Escape (exhibited in the 2016 Colombian Salón Nacional de Artistas). Comparing both artistic strategies we find that there may be a trade‐off between the explicitness and the reach of a new subjectification.
Citizen Art and Human Rights: Collective Theatre Creation as a Way of Combatting Exclusion
Authors: Muñoz-Bellerín Manuel , Cordero-Ramos Nuria
Published: November 2021

In this article, through the lens of critical theory and collective theatre creation, we will look at how a group of homeless individuals in the city of Seville (Spain) has been able to assert their human rights using art. Through the words of the actors themselves, we will reveal the obstacles they face in accessing the city’s public sphere, and their deconstruction. By creating and producing plays, as well as interacting with the audience, the participants became not just actors, but citizens with rights. Collective theatre creation, as adapted by the authors within the context of their research in the field of social work, provides insights into how art has the power to become a strategy for helping those living on the fringes of mainstream society reclaim their place in it politically and culturally. This research has been made possible thanks to the commitment of the members of Teatro de la Inclusión, a theatre group and socio‐artistic project that ran for twelve years and allowed homeless individuals, tired of being passive subjects, dependent on external assistance and subject to endless bureaucracy, to become amateur actors. In doing so, they created for themselves dignified forums in which to express themselves within their city and put their communicative and artistic skills into practice.
Cultura de segurança em serviços de hemodiálise: protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: Alves Hoffmann Marília , Aparecida Rodrigues Tatiana , Azevedo Cissa , Moreira Amorim Amara Fabrícia , Luíza da Silva Oliveira Samanta , Cristiny Teodoro Couto Ribeiro Helen , Regina Ferreira Pereira da Mata Luciana
Published: November 2021

Objetivo: mapear as evidências disponíveis sobre avaliação da cultura de segurança do paciente na perspectiva da equipe multidisciplinar em serviços de hemodiálise. Método: revisão de escopo da literatura desenvolvida de acordo com a metodologia proposta pelo manual do Instituto Joanna Briggs, nas fontes de informação: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase e Google Scholar. Serão considerados elegíveis estudos que atendam à pergunta de pesquisa, disponíveis na íntegra e publicados nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português. A seleção dos estudos ocorrerá de forma independente por dois revisores e as divergências serão discutidas com um terceiro revisor. A síntese e extração dos dados será executada por meio de uma planilha construída no programa Microsoft Office Excel Online. Os resultados finais sintetizados serão compilados e apresentados por meio de tabelas ou quadros, fluxograma e discussão narrativa. Número de registro da revisão: https://osf.io/7ug86.
PROTECTION AND CONFIDENTIALITY OF CITIZENS’ DATA IN THE DIGITAL CITIZEN PROFILE PLATFORM
Authors: Vetrov V. V.
Published: November 2021

The article deals with the issue of confidentiality of citizens’ digital data and the security of their storage on the platform of a citizen’s Digital Profile. Due to the scale of this system, as well as the value of the stored information, there is a high risk of leakage or illegal receipt of confidential data that could be of commercial value to many entities, which is why this issue is relevant.
PROBLEMS OF COMBINING ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND PLANNING IN A POST-INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY
Authors: Tebekin A. V.
Published: November 2021

From the standpoint of a comparative analysis, the author considers the problems of combining entrepreneurship and planning inherent in the industrial and post-industrial economies. It is shown that the level of importance of planning in entrepreneurial activity is significantly influenced not only by the dominant position of the buyer or manufacturer (and seller) in the market, but also by the phase of the cycle of economic activity. It has been demonstrated that without the proper attitude of entrepreneurs to planning and a stake on instant success, it is impossible to achieve sustainable development and stable profitability in the medium and long term. Recommendations are formulated to ensure a rational combination of entrepreneurship and planning in a post-industrial economy.