bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic waste exposure and DNA damage: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Issah Ibrahim , Arko-Mensah John , Agyekum Thomas P. , Dwomoh Duah , Fobil Julius N.
Published: November 2021

Objectives

Inappropriate processing and disposal of electronic waste (e-waste) expose workers and surrounding populations to hazardous chemicals, including clastogens and aneugens. Recently, considerable literature has grown around e-waste recycling, associated chemical exposures and intermediate health outcomes, including DNA damage. Micronuclei (MN) frequency has been widely used as a biomarker to investigate DNA damage in human populations exposed to genotoxic agents. We conducted a systematic review of published studies to assess DNA damage in e-waste-exposed populations and performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between e-waste exposure and DNA damage.

Methods

This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement checklist. Articles published in English from January 2000 through December 2020 investigating the associations between e-waste exposure and DNA damage were retrieved from the following three major databases: MEDLINE, ProQuest, and Scopus. Studies that reported the use of MN assay as a biomarker of DNA damage were included for meta-analysis. Studies that also reported other DNA damage biomarkers such as chromosomal aberrations, comet assay biomarkers, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), telomere length, apoptosis rate were reported using narrative synthesis.

Results

A total of 20 publications were included in this review, of which seven studies were within the occupational setting, and the remaining 13 studies were ecological studies. The review found six biomarkers of DNA damage (micronuclei, comets assay parameters (tail length, % tail DNA, tail moment, and olive tail moment), 8-OHdG, telomere length, apoptosis rate and chromosomal aberrations) which were assessed using seven different biological matrices (buccal cells, blood, umbilical cord blood, placenta, urine and semen). Most studies showed elevated levels of DNA damage biomarkers among e-waste exposed populations than in control populations. The most commonly used biomarkers were micronuclei frequency (n=9) in peripheral blood lymphocytes or buccal cells and 8-OHdG (n=7) in urine. The results of the meta-analysis showed that electronic waste recycling has contributed to an increased risk of DNA damage measured using MN frequency with a pooled estimate of the standardized mean difference (SMD) of 2.30 (95% CI: 1.36, 3.24, p<0.001) based on 865 participants.

Conclusions

Taken together, evidence from this systematic review with meta-analysis suggest that occupational and non-occupational exposure to e-waste processing is associated with increased risk of DNA damage measured through MN assay and other types of DNA damage biomarkers. However, more studies from other developing countries in Africa, Latin America, and South Asia are needed to confirm and increase these results’ generalizability.
Appraisal as co-selection and media performativity: 5G technology imaged in German news discourse
Authors: Dong Min , Gao Mengfei
Published: November 2021

This article views appraisal as co-selection patterns of target, source and evaluative parameters and investigates the ways in which news discourse retells news stories and reproduces truthful reality. We combined the corpus-assisted method and quantitative/qualitative analysis of the data, i.e., 904 sentences which were extracted from the corpus of German 5G news reports by selecting the top 5 items from each of the noun keywords lists of the three subcorpora of economics, politics and technology news reports. It was found that the German media restage the necessity and desirability to promote the development of German communication facilities/technology through international cooperation, particularly Germany-Sino cooperation. In addition, a hesitant image was evoked as to the high-profile 5G development in Germany with an awareness of the potential security risks and economic losses. On the intersubjective dimension, our findings suggest that journalists make full exploitation of different dialogistic positioning strategies for closing down or opening up the dialogic space to a greater or lesser degree. More specifically, they tend to acknowledge and endorse the positive/negative attitudes attributed to the non-authorial voices towards particular targets in the fields of economics, politics or technology. A future comparison with the genre of news comments or editorials would deepen our understanding of the performativity of media.
Dynamic Recovery: GABA Agonism Restores Neural Variability in Older, Poorer Performing Adults
Authors: Lalwani Poortata , Garrett Douglas D. , Polk Thad A.
Published: November 2021

Aging is associated with cognitive impairment, but there are large individual differences in these declines. One neural measure that is lower in older adults and predicts these individual differences is moment-to-moment brain signal variability. Testing the assumption that GABA should heighten neural variability, we examined whether reduced brain signal variability in older, poorer performing adults could be boosted by increasing GABA pharmacologically. Brain signal variability was estimated using fMRI in 20 young and 24 older healthy human adults during placebo and GABA agonist sessions. As expected, older adults exhibited lower signal variability at placebo, and, crucially, GABA agonism boosted older adults' variability to the levels of young adults. Furthermore, poorer performing older adults experienced a greater increase in variability on drug, suggesting that those with more to gain benefit the most from GABA system potentiation. GABA may thus serve as a core neurochemical target in future work on aging- and cognition-related human brain dynamics.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPrior research indicates that moment-to-moment brain signal variability is lower in older, poorer performing adults. We found that this reduced brain signal variability could be boosted through GABA agonism in older adults to the levels of young adults and that this boost was largest in the poorer performing older adults. These results provide the first evidence that brain signal variability can be restored by increasing GABAergic activity and suggest the promise of developing interventions targeting inhibitory systems to help slow cognitive declines in healthy aging.
Embodying Kairos in Philostratus' Lives of the Sophists
Authors: Brod Artemis
Published: November 2021

Philostratus' Lives of the Sophists (VS) is not usually understood as a text with much relevance for rhetorical theory. But this omission cedes theory to the handbooks and reinforces the dichotomy between theory and practice. I argue that Philostratus' theory of efficacious performance—implicit as it may be—has much to offer scholars of rhetoric and classical studies. I demonstrate that Philostratus prizes improvisation not only because it reveals the paideia of the orator, who becomes a cultural ideal, but also because it affords processes of mutual constitution between orator and audience. This occurs when the sophist becomes a physical manifestation of what the moment calls for, which compels recognition from the audience. In the second part of the paper, I focus on Polemo, the most improvisatory of sophists. In the scenes in which he features, Polemo repeatedly emerges as a man and, in recognizing him, spectators come to embody their own masculinity, in turn.
Codificación sintáctica del aspecto en la derivación deverbal: el caso de los adjetivos en –nte y los nombres en –ncia
Authors: Cano Cambronero María de los Ángeles , Jaque Hidalgo Matías
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es dar cuenta del impacto que tiene el aspecto léxico y sintáctico sobre dos procesos derivativos del español. Concretamente, ponemos el foco de atención sobre la derivación deverbal de los adjetivos en –nte y los nombres en –ncia, con el fin de mostrar que la diferente productividad que exhiben puede explicarse como una restricción sobre el dominio estructural de aplicación al que son sensibles ambos sufijos. Así, vamos a sostener a lo largo del trabajo que estos dos sufijos se muestran sensibles no solo al aspecto de la base verbal que seleccionan, sino también al nivel sintáctico-estructural en el que se codifica ese aspecto. En efecto, mientras –nte puede unirse a determinados predicados estativos derivados sintácticamente (o externos), –ncia está restringido al dominio del Sv, mostrando una mayor preferencia por los estados léxicos y en ningún caso pudiendo tomar como base lecturas aspectuales formadas por encima del Sv
Comentarios críticos sobre el libro Animal languages, de Eva Meijer
Authors: Longa Martínez Victor M.
Published: November 2021

Este trabajo efectúa un análisis crítico del libro Animal languages, escrito por la filósofa holandesa Eva Meijer. La intención de la autora es mostrar que los animales tienen destrezas cognitivas y comunicativas complejas, pero su estrategia vincula esa complejidad comunicativa con el carácter lingüístico de los códigos comunicativos animales. Más allá de sostener que los animales tienen lenguaje (algo frecuente en etólogos), la obra deja mucho que desear desde la óptica científica. El trabajo mostrará que el libro de Meijer está repleto de contradicciones, exageraciones, afirmaciones extravagantes o infundadas, tergiversaciones de la opinión de otros autores, errores en el uso de referencias bibliográficas o desconocimientos muy graves de diferentes aspectos.
Entre la adaptación y la resistencia campesina
Authors: Figueroa Idrogo Jaisia , Figueroa Luna Guillermo
Published: November 2021

Utilizando los aportes de Steve Stern, Florencia Mallon y otros autores, sobre adaptación, resistencia y adaptación en resistencia de los campesinos frente a la opresión, el presente artículo examina –con información de archivos- tres casos distintos de procesos sociales en la provincia colonial de Huambos (Cajamarca), desde la adjudicación de tierras a pobladores originarios por el Visitador Francisco de Huerta Gutierres (1657) hasta fines del siglo XVIII o inicios del XIX. El primer caso, muestra un proceso de adaptación; el segundo revela una larga y exitosa adaptación en resistencia; y el tercero parece ser una adaptación pasiva, en el cual la campesina originaria que recibe tierras es rápidamente dejada de lado por pobladores y mineros.
Seropositividad al virus de encefalitis artritis caprina (CAE) y maedy visna (VM) en ovinos y caprinos de explotaciones semiintensivas y extensivas del estado Lara, Venezuela
Authors: Rojas Raúl , Aldana Francisco , Barroeta Luis , Chirinos Caribay , Gamarra Yveniosk , Pérez Rafael , Vargas Francisco
Published: November 2021

El presente trabajo determinó la presencia de seropositividad al Lentivirosis Artritis Encefalitis Caprina (CAE) y Maedi-Visna (MV) en ovinos. Se seleccionaron al azar 260 caprinos y 30 ovinos de ganadería extensiva provenientes de cinco sectores, y 205 caprinos y 81 ovinos de ganadería semi-intensiva provenientes de cinco sectores, en ambos casos del estado Lara, Venezuela. Se realizó una encuesta epidemiológica y evaluación clínica a cada animal y se tomaron muestras de sangre para el análisis serológico por la técnica de ELISA competitivo. La seropositividad general fue de 6.25%. En las ganaderías extensivas se encontraron tres caprinos (1.46%) y tres ovinos (3.70%) seropositivos y en las ganaderías semi-intensivas 30 caprinos resultaron positivos (11.54%) y ningún ovino. La mayoría de los animales positivos eran cabras adultas de 2-3 años, a excepción de cabritos de 1 mes de edad. De los animales seropositivos, 8 cabras (22.2%) presentaron signos clínicos y el resto fue asintomático. Los signos clínicos fueron artritis y mastitis crónica en cabras y sintomatología nerviosa en un cabrito. Se demuestra la circulación del virus CAE/MV en caprinos y ovinos, en especial en fincas de ganadería caprina intensiva tecnificada en Venezuela y la presencia de signos clínicos compatibles con la enfermedad.
Características demográficas de la población canina de una ciudad de la Patagonia, Argentina: Implicancias para el manejo de la población canina y la salud humana
Authors: Garibotti Gilda , Guardamagni Ana Laura , Zacharías Daniela , Viozzi Gustavo , Flores Veronica , Alvarado Basilia , Bustamante Rodrigo , Chang Reissig Elizabeth , González Tomás , Rauque Carlos , Santos Karina , Vega Rocío , Walker Melani
Published: November 2021

Se investigaron las características demográficas de la población canina, las cualidades del cuidado de los animales y la ocurrencia de mordeduras o accidentes de tránsito a causa de perros en hogares de San Carlos de Bariloche, en el contexto de un estudio sobre el impacto de la tenencia de perros sobre el medioambiente y la salud de la población. Se realizó una encuesta en una muestra estratificada, polietápica y probabilística. La proporción de hogares con perro fue 69% y se estimó que había 57 082 perros con dueño en la ciudad. El 46% tenía libre acceso a la vía pública. Entre estos, 57% no habían sido vacunados y 90% no habían sido desparasitados en el último año o lo habían sido menos de cuatro veces. El 31% de los machos y 77% de las hembras estaban esterilizados, en tanto que solo 48% de las perras menores de tres años estaba esterilizada. En 5% de los hogares, alguno de sus integrantes había sido mordido por un perro y en 19% se reportó que alguno de los integrantes había sufrido un accidente de tránsito a causa de perros en los últimos cinco años. La falta de supervisión de los perros por parte de sus dueños provee condiciones adecuadas para el aumento no controlado de la población canina, la diseminación de enfermedades zoonóticas, la ocurrencia de mordeduras y accidentes de tránsito.
La estrategia de ayuno y realimentación, una alternativa viable para optimizar el consumo de alimento balanceado en el cultivo semi-intensivo de camarón blanco Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Castro Morán Junior Jair , Ordinola-Zapata Alberto
Published: November 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de dos o tres días de ayuno a la semana con un incremento de 20% en la ración pos-ayuno en el crecimiento, supervivencia, biomasa, consumo de alimento y factor de conversión relativo (FCR) de camarones Litopenaeus vannamei cultivados en laboratorio a densidad equivalente a la de un sistema semi-intensivo. El experimento se realizó en nueve acuarios con 90 L de agua salobre, cada uno con ocho camarones de 5.5 g de peso aproximado (25 ejemplares/m2). Los camarones fueron alimentados dos veces al día, luego se retiraron los residuos de alimento, heces y exuvias. La dosis de alimento suministrado se fijó con base a una tabla comercial y se ajustó de acuerdo con el consumo del día anterior. Durante nueve semanas se evaluó el crecimiento (peso promedio, incremento de peso semanal, ganancia de peso porcentual), supervivencia, biomasa, consumo de alimento y factor de crecimiento relativo – FCR. Los camarones con un ayuno de dos días a la semana y un incremento de 20% de la ración pos-ayuno mantuvieron un peso y biomasa estadísticamente similar al de camarones sin ayuno, logrando un ahorro de 27.4% en el alimento suministrado y un mejor FCR (1.18 frente a 1.52). Los camarones con ayuno de tres días a la semana tuvieron un peso promedio y biomasa significativamente inferior, aunque su ahorro en el consumo de alimento y su FCR fueron mejores a los otros dos tratamientos. La supervivencia fue de 100% en todos los tratamientos. Se concluye que un ayuno de dos días a la semana con un incremento de 20% de la ración pos-ayuno es viable para optimizar el uso de alimento balanceado en el cultivo de Litopenaeus vannamei en densidad equivalente a la de un cultivo semi-intensivo.
Ajuste a un modelo matemático, comparación de las curvas de crecimiento y características morfológicas de cuatro Urochloas de una colección in vivo establecida en Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Ortega-Monsalve Manuela , Velásquez-Henao Andrés Mateo , Ortiz-Acevedo Alejandro , Galeano-Vasco Luis Fernando , Medina-Sierra Marisol
Published: November 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue ajustar las curvas de crecimiento de cuatro Urochloas mediante un modelo matemático que permita la comparación entre ellas. Se tuvieron en cuenta las variables de altura (cm), temperatura (°C), precipitación (mm) y edad del pasto (días). El crecimiento de cada especie se analizó en el software estadístico R-Project. Se ajustaron los datos de crecimiento de las especies con el uso del modelo cuadrático yt = β0 +β1 t -β3 t2, con coeficientes de determinación (>0.9) y un valor de p<0.001. Como resultado, Urochloa brizantha cv Piatá presentó un R² = 0.9859 y fue la especie más influenciada positivamente en su crecimiento por el efecto de la edad (días), seguido por U. decumbens, U. mutica y U. brizantha cv Toledo, esta última con el menor ajuste. La precipitación influyó en la tasa de crecimiento de la U. mutica mientras que la temperatura no tuvo influencia en el crecimiento de las especies. Las curvas se ajustaron a modelos cuadráticos, lo que indica que su crecimiento puede compararse y predecirse a lo largo del tiempo, lo que facilita su manejo y óptimo aprovechamiento.
Medicación sin prescripción veterinaria en animales de compañía en Lima, Perú (2020)
Authors: Golovliov Katherina , León Daphne , Silva Pablo , Falcón Néstor
Published: November 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue describir las razones relacionadas a la medicación de animales de compañía sin prescripción veterinaria entre clientes de servicios veterinarios en la ciudad de Lima, Perú en 2020. Se desarrolló un estudio transversal descriptivo que recolectó información a través de encuestas virtuales. Se encuestaron a 408 clientes, de los cuales el 22.3% (91/408) mencionó consultar otros medios antes de visitar al médico veterinario cuando su animal mostraba algún signo de enfermedad y el 34.8% (142/408) mencionó haber ofrecido medicamentos sin prescripción veterinaria. Los fármacos que fueron utilizados con mayor frecuencia fueron analgésicos/antinflamatorios (32.4%, 46/142), antiparasitarios (23.3%, 33/142) y antibióticos (19.0%, 27/142). El 87.7% (126/142) de los encuestados que administraban medicamentos a sus animales de compañía sin receta médica tenía la percepción de que dicha práctica podría producir consecuencias negativas en su animal. Del total de encuestados, el 62.5% (255/408) no conocía o mencionaba no haber escuchado acerca de “resistencia antimicrobiana”. Se concluye que en Lima Metropolitana existe la práctica de medicación a los animales sin prescripción veterinaria, por lo que requiere el desarrollo de campañas de sensibilización y concienciación a fin de que estas prácticas no afecten la salud y bienestar animal y la salud pública.
Between the Culture and Barbarians: Semiotic Analysis of the Poem „Venetian Mask...“ by Giedrė Kazlauskaitė
Authors: Sadauskaitė-Varnelė Karolina
Published: November 2021

This article presents the semiotic analysis of Giedrė Kazlauskaitė poem Venecijietiška kaukė… The research aims to delve into the structures of the poetic world of Giedrė Kazlauskaitė, which is achieved through executing a detailed semiotic analysis of one poem. Accordingly, this paper follows the semiotic framework of the analytical trajectory, which encompasses the analysis through the means of discursive, narrative, and logical semantic levels. In addition, the study includes Yuri Lotman’s discourse of the concept of the mirror in cultural semiotics. Findings derived from the semiotic analysis suggest that the figures of the mask and the mirror become central representations at the discursive level of the poem, as they exist in a paratopic space - the make-up room. The mask and the mirror appear in Kazlauskaitė’s poetry as an essential tool for shaping one’s own identity. Moreover, the analysis of the poem is supplemented with the expression of the passions of anger and jealousy. Such approach highlights two different forms of anger: destruction arising from jealousy and a creative act. These forms suggest that the passion of anger drives the subject to the act of doing. Furthermore, in this poem, the figure of the poet is not presented as calm or accommodating, but rather as angry and unafraid to show contempt.
Reakcijos-difuzijos procesų kompiuterinis modeliavimas elektrocheminėje mikroskopijoje ir ląstelių sferoiduose
Authors:   , Astrauskas Rokas
Published: November 2021

Computer modelling of reaction-diffusion processes in scanning electrochemical microscopy and in cell spheroids
As metamorfoses da dimensão da relação estado / mercado
Authors: Reis Carlos Nelson dos , Samuel Pedro Alberto Cardoso
Published: November 2021

O desenvolvimento da sociedade contemporânea, a partir das especificidades de cada momento histórico, acaba por reformular as políticas econômicas e sociais, alterando a relação Estado/Mercado, de tal maneira que o presente artigo busca desenvolver, analiticamente, a dimensão da relação entre essas duas importantes instituições. Tem como fio condutor a evolução do pensamento econômico, onde, em cada momento histórico, se verifica um olhar e uma postura diferentes. Para tanto, utiliza-se de análise crítica e de aportes de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. A reflexão atinge seu objetivo ao mostrar, em tempo presente, a ruptura do pragmatismo do pensamento neoliberal no enfrentamento à crise imposta pelo COVID-19.
Review of the distribution and new occurrences of Lacunicambarus thomai (Jezerinac, 1993) (Decapoda, Cambaridae) in Pennsylvania and its possible introduction outside of its native range
Authors: Allison Jr. Patrick F. , Khan Tanya N. , Davis Destinee A. , Lieb David A. , Loughman Zachary J.
Published: November 2021

Recent investigations into the distributions of western Pennsylvania, USA, crayfishes have yielded 30 new occurrences of Lacunicambarus thomai (Jezerinac, 1993). The discovery of a population of L. thomai in Crawford County is the furthest north population in the state. Two populations of L. thomai were discovered outside of its historic range in Fayette and Somerset counties in southwestern Pennsylvania. These populations are in recreational fishing destinations and may have been introduced by bait bucket or construction fill. Additional surveys for Pennsylvania L. thomai should occur in areas lacking recent, thorough searches.
Pesan Dakwah Lingkungan Pada Foto Jurnalistik “Setahun Citarum Harum”
Authors: Darisman Syawal Febrian , Saepullah Ujang , Tresnawaty Betty
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to determine the meaning of a moral message from a series of photo stories about the Citarum river. The study used a qualitative approach with the Charles Sanders Pierce model of semiotics. Where, Pierce's semiotic model is related to the triangle of meaning, namely the sign, object, and interpretant. The results showed that the moral message contained in this photo story is the importance of protecting the environment, especially rivers. Because rivers can support various living things such as animals, plants, and even humans. Then the photo of this story also shows the facts in the field so that people are aware and able to appreciate the river. Furthermore, this moral message is related to the process of constructive criticism for the government to prioritize resolving the Citarum river problem. The main moral message in the journalistic photo "A Year Citarum Harum" is related to environmental preaching activities to maintain the balance between humans and the universe.ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui makna sebuah pesan moral dari rangkaian foto cerita tentang sungai Citarum. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode semiotika model Charles Sanders Pierce. Dimana, model semiotika Pierce berkaitan dengan triangle of meaning, yakni sign, object dan interpretant. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pesan moral yang terdapat dalam foto cerita ini adalah pentingnya menjaga lingkungan hidup khususnya sungai. Karena sungai mampu menghidupi berbagai makhluk hidup seperti hewan, tumbuhan bahkan manusia. Kemudian foto cerita ini pun menunjukan fakta yang ada dilapangan agar masyarakat sadar dan mampu untuk menghargai sungai. Selanjutnya pesan moral ini berkaitan dengan proses kritik konstruktif bagi pemerintah agar memprioritaskan untuk menyelesaikan masalah sungai Citarum. Pesan moral utama yang terkandung dalam foto jurnalistik “Setahun Citarum Harum” berkaitan dengan aktivitas dakwah lingkungan untuk menjaga keseimbangan antara manusia dengan semesta.Kata Kunci: Foto Cerita, Pesan Moral, Kerjasama
Pola Dakwah Ustadzah Lilis Mulyani Terhadap Golongan Muallaf di Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia
Authors: Malinda Ning Amirah
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine methods, characteristics, and patterns of preaching to the converts. The object is Ustadzah Lilis Mulyani as a da'wah (Da'i) actor who conducts da'wah activities to converts in Teratak Fitrah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia. Researchers use a theory that is in accordance with the object of research, namely the SMCR theory found by David Berlo. This SMCR theory consists of: Source, Message, Channel, and Receiver. The source is what makes the message, while the message is the idea that is explained or the code in the form of symbols to be understood. The results showed that the methods and approaches used by Ustadzah Lilis Mulyani to the converts in developing and spreading their da'wah using the methods of da'wah bil-oral, bil-hikmah, mauidzatul hasanah and mujadalah bil-lati hiya ahsan. The impact of this research is the creation of preaching patterns or models of converts and scientific development of da'wah for the converts.Keywords: Patterns of Da'wah; Ustadzah; Method; MuslimABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui metode, karakteristik, dan pola dakwah dakwah kepada muallaf. Objek adalah Ustadzah Lilis Mulyani sebagai pelaku dakwah (Da’i) yang melakukan kegiatan dakwah kepada muallaf di Teratak Fitrah Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia. Peneliti menggunakan teori yang bersesuaian dengan objek penelitian yakni teori SMCR yang ditemukan oleh David Berlo. Teori SMCR ini terdiri dari: Source, Message, Channel, dan Receiver. Sumber adalah yang membuat pesan, adapun pesan itu adalah gagasan yang diterangkan atau kode yang berupa simbol-simbol untuk di pahami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tata cara dan pendekatan yang digunakan oleh Ustadzah Lilis Mulyani kepada golongan muallaf dalam mengembangkan dan menyebarkan dakwahnya dengan menggunakan metode dakwah bil-lisan, bil-hikmah, mauidzatul hasanah dan mujadalah bil-lati hiya ahsan. Adapun dampak penelitian ini adalah terciptanya pola atau model dakwah terhadap muallaf dan pengembangan keilmuan dakwah bagi golongan muallaf.Kata Kunci : Pola Dakwah; Ustadzah; Metode; Muallaf
Terraced Fields, Irrigation Systems and Agricultural Production in Early Islamic Palestine and Jordan
Authors: Avni Gideon
Published: November 2021

Contrary to previous analysis that suggested a rapid deterioration and abandonment of settlements and their related agricultural fields in Early Islamic Palestine and Jordan, recent studies point to a continuity of agricultural landscapes, to the introduction of new water management technologies, and to the diffusion of new types of crops into the region between the 8th and the 11th centuries. Forty years after Andrew Watson published his paradigmatic study on an “Islamic Agricultural Revolution,” this article, based on recent archaeological studies and new dating methodologies, suggests a modified view of “continuity in change” of agricultural practices in the Early Islamic period. Along the continuity in traditional agricultural strategies, the introduction of new plant species and water management technologies into the region gradually changed the economic basis of the local populations. The evaluation of several case-studies from the hinterland of Jerusalem, the Negev highlands, the ?Arabah Valley, and southern Jordan, show that together with the continuity of existing agricultural practices in the Mediterranean area and in the Negev Highlands, new irrigation technologies, cultivation methodologies and plant species were introduced to the Jordan and ?Arabah Valleys following the Arab conquest. This process affected the patterns of consumption and distribution of agricultural goods and triggered a change in dietary and dining habits.
Pre-oil Globalization in a Rural Community
Authors: Biezeveld Irini , Düring Bleda S.
Published: November 2021

This article aims to study whether the increase of agricultural settlements in the Sultanate of Oman during the Late Islamic period (c. 1500-1950) was related to pre-oil globalization, as attested in the wider Gulf region. This is done by analysing the archaeological dataset of the agricultural village of Sahlat, with a focus on the ceramic material, located in the Suhar region. The assemblages collected by the Wadi al-Jizzi Archaeological Project, point to its occupation from c. 1750 to 1930. During this time period, the coastal towns of southeastern Arabia were heavily influenced by globalization processes, but the effects and reach of trade on rural communities remains poorly known. In this paper, Sahlat is compared to two contemporary sites connected to the same falaj system, and two other sites in the Gulf region. The results indicate that pre-oil globalization did not only impact coastal towns, but that rural settlements such as Sahlat experienced similar transformations. It is suggested that pre-oil globalization was not only linked to the pearling trade, but that the export of dates should also be taken into consideration when studying this topic.
Urban Bathhouse in the Islamic Far East
Authors: Dawkes Giles , Dow Martin
Published: November 2021

While the bathhouses of Rome and Byzantium have received a great deal of academic attention in the West, the baths of the Islamic world, particularly those in the far Islamic East in Central Asia, have been largely overlooked and much scholarly research in this region has only been published in Russian. This paper is an attempt to readdress this regional bias by presenting an overview of medieval bathhouses in Kazakhstan, based largely on the results of a recent upsurge in commercial archaeological excavations in the country. Ten bathhouses are described, and the significant features of Kazakh baths are highlighted.
Randomized, open-label, controlled, comparative clinical study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Pilex Forte tablets in combination with Pilex Ointment application for the effective management of common ano-rectal conditions
Authors:   Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India, Kumar Suresh , Selvarajan Sandhiya ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India, Lakshmi Prasanna ,   Directorate of Indian system of Medicine, Puducherry, India, Paramesh Rangesh ,   Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru, India, Kumawat Rajesh ,   Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru, India, Palaniyamma D ,   Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru, India, Srikrishna HA ,   Himalaya Wellness Company, Makali, Bengaluru, India
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Haemorrhoids and anal fissures are considered as the most common anorectal conditions. Aim. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Pilex Forte tablets in combination with Pilex Ointment as compared to the Standard of Care in common anorectal conditions Material and methods. Randomized, open-label, controlled comparative clinical study conducted on 162 patients of either sex, aged between 18-50 years, confirmed with common anorectal conditions. As per randomization, patients received either standard of care or Pilex Forte tablet along with Pilex Ointment at a recommended dose of two tablets twice daily and twice daily local application (anal) for a period of 4 weeks. Clinical safety and efficacy assessments were carried out at study specific scheduled visits. Laboratory assessments were carried out only at screening and at the end of the study. Results. Patients who completed the study were considered for statistical analysis. Significant clinical improvement was observed in patients with anorectal conditions who received Pilex Forte tablet and Pilex Ointment than to those who received standards of care. No abnormal lab values were recorded and there were no adverse events reported during the study period. Conclusion. Pilex Forte tablet along with Pilex Ointment at recommended dose is safe and effective in the management of anorectal conditions like haemorrhoids and fissure-in-ano.
Coagulation markers in diagnostic and monitoring of thromboembolic complication in COVID-19
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Centre for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland, Czarnecka-Czapczyńska Magdalena , Bartusik-Aebisher Dorota ,   Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszow, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland, Krupka-Olek Magdalena ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Centre for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland,   Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Allergology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Zabrze, Poland, Aebisher David ,   Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszow, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland, Cieślar Grzegorz ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Centre for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland, Latos Wojciech ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Centre for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland, Kawczyk-Krupka Aleksandra ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Centre for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Bytom, Poland
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first observed in China in Wuhan city, Hubei province in December, 2019, and specified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV2). Aim. The aim of this article is to discuss epidemiology of thromboembolic complication in COVID-19. Material and methods. This article is a review done in regards to discuss clinical features of the anticoagulation treatment in COVID-19. Analysis of the literature. A review is discussed an anticoagulation treatment in 41 manuscripts. Conclusion. Most commonly coagulation abnormalities in patient with COVID-19 is mild thrombocytopenia. Apart from their typical role in thrombosis and hemostasis, platelets mediate key aspects of immune and inflammatory.
Does the reaction size of skin prick test associated with the allergic rhinitis symptom severity?
Authors: Madani Sedigheh , Zandieh Fariborz , Ahmadi Maryam , Rezaei Nima , Parvizi Maryam
Published: November 2021

Background: Skin prick test (SPT) has the best positive predictive value to diagnose respiratory atopic diseases, including allergic rhinitis (AR), but the association of severity of allergic symptom and SPT reaction size has not been clearly determined yet.
Methods: In this a cross-sectional investigation, the severity of disease is classified using a visual analog scale for main symptoms, and SPT was conducted according to the principles of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.
Results: Thirty seven percent of the participants had at least one severe symptom. Patients with sensitivity to Alternaria (common allergens in humans) or tree pollens had more severe symptoms. We found that in patients who had sensitivity to Russian thistle pollen, wheal size >6 mm, was associated with more severe symptoms.
Conclusion: Despite previous conflicts to rely on SPT test for starting immunotherapy, we recommend this test especially for patients sensitive to Alternaria, weed pollens, and tree pollens, considering the size of wheal in association with AR symptom severity.
An unusual case of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome due to zucchini
Authors: García De la Fuente Alberto , Fuentes-Aparicio Victoria , Infante Sonsoles
Published: November 2021

Background: Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms, mainly protracted and delayed vomiting. Diagnosis is based on clinical history, and it can be challenging as symptoms are delayed and the causative food is often not very suspicious.
Objective: This case report highlights the importance of having a high degree of suspicion to reach a correct diagnosis.
Materials and methods: We report an unusual case of FPIES due to zucchini. During the follow-up. Two oral food challenges (OFC) were carried out to evaluate tolerance to the food involved.
Results: The first OFC was positive and in the second the child tolerated the food without problems.
Conclusions: In this case, the OFC was essential to identify the offending food and to verify that the child had overcome the disease.
SOFTWARE, METHOD, AND ANALYSIS: REFLECTIONS ON THE USE OF ATLAS.TI IN A DOCTORAL RESEARCH STUDY
Authors:   University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Adelowotan Michael
Published: November 2021

This paper presents evidence from a user of a computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software (CAQDAS) referred to as ATLAS.ti on its usefulness and challenges in the content analysis of corporate annual reports (CARs) of top South African companies. The paper illustrates how ATLAS.ti was employed to perform the content analysis of 60 corporate annual reports to determine the extent of human capital disclosures by the top South African companies. Useful reports generated from the “hermeneutic unit” known as “AdePhD” include the primary document list, the code list, the code families, the code summary, the code-primary document list, the codequotation list, and the network views. The reports from this qualitative analysis software facilitated the observations on the frequency of ninety-one human capital disclosure items analyzed from the corporate annual reports of companies in our sample. Findings indicate that the use of ATLAS.ti enabled a faster and robust analysis that would have taken a much longer time if done manually. It also facilitated more coherent results. Nevertheless, the major challenge is the lack of adequate institutional support for users when compared with the level of institutional support available for quantitative data analysis software such as the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).
DEMOCRACY IN DECLINE: THREE GLOBAL TRENDS AND HOW THEY HIGHLIGHT THE CASE OF “AMERICAN EXCEPTIONALISM” AND THE NEED TO RE-THINK IR THEORY
Authors:   Vaal University of Technology & University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Pillay Anton M. , Madzimure Jeremiah ,   Vaal University of Technology, South Africa
Published: November 2021

Spurred on by emergency Covid-laws and the desire to defeat Covid-19 by any means necessary, governments globally are using their newfound powers to steadily diminish the level of democracy in their countries. This malfeasance is not only occurring in institutionally weak states but in traditionally strong democratic states. Deploying examples from across the globe, this paper highlights the decline in democracy from three perspectives, namely; the crackdown on opposition, censorship, and unabated corruption. As the pandemic drags on, these three issues are becoming more prominent and require contemplation. Exploration of these issues, configuratively described as “democracy in decline”, gives way to the latter part of this research; the idea that America is exempt from democracy, a condition known as American exceptionalism. American exceptionalism, in part, claims that the US is the world’s strongest democracy, global democratic torchbearer, and a government worthy of being imitated. Using the November 2020 US Presidential elections as the litmus test, this research shows that American democracy is far from its righteous claim propagated in International Relations (IR) theory. The impetus is then on students and practitioners of IR to pluralize the field. The study is valid because the term democracy is being used as a wallpaper to disguise illiberal strategies.
Kościół i państwo w nauczaniu ks. Jerzego Popiełuszki
Authors: Sochoń Jan
Published: November 2021

Artykuł przedstawia – na tle ważnych wydarzeń z biografii ks. Jerzego Popiełuszki – najważniejsze kwestie poruszane przez niego w cyklu homilii wygłaszanych w kościele św. Stanisława Kostki na warszawskim Żoliborzu podczas trwającego w Polsce stanu wojennego. Spośród treści wówczas przez niego formułowanych istotne miejsce zajmowały zagadnienia relacji Kościoła do państwa komunistycznego. Ksiądz Popiełuszko piętnując najgroźniejsze poczynania oficjalnej władzy był świadom, że w ten sposób naraża się na szykany, a nawet śmierć. Miał jednakowoż nadzieję, że stając w obronie prześladowanych i zamykanych w więzieniach dopełnia niejako „dyplomatyczną” aktywność ówczesnych hierarchów Kościoła i zarazem wypełnia osobistą misję duszpasterską. Msze św. za Ojczyznę i tych, którzy dla niej cierpią uznawał przecież za konieczne narzędzie oddziaływania na świadomość społeczną i próbę zawsze możliwego narodowego pojednania. Z dzisiejszej perspektywy należy te heroiczne poczynania uznać za wyraz nie tylko głębokiego patriotyzmu, ale także za znak religijnie pojętej ofiary.
Eschatologia w teorii i w praktyce. Próba prezentacji zagadnienia na podstawie wybranych tekstów ks. Jana Berthiera MS
Authors: Kulik Bogdan
Published: November 2021

Artykuł jest próbą prezentacji dwóch tekstów ks. Jana Berthiera MS – założyciela Misjonarzy Świętej Rodziny: traktatu o rzeczach ostatecznych i praktycznej metody towarzyszenia umierającym. Celem artykułu nie jest krytyczna analiza eschatologii Berthiera, lecz wykazanie na jej przykładzie konieczności łączenia akademickiego wykładu eschatologii (teoria) z duszpasterstwem (praktyka). Dokonana prezentacja prowadzi do trzech wniosków: 1) nieustająca konieczność obecności eschatologii w nauczaniu i praktyce Kościoła; 2) potrzeba aktualizowania rozumienia jej treści i sposobu przekazu; 3) waga spójności teorii i praktyki eschatologicznej.
Truth and Error of Conscience According to the Magisterium of the Church
Authors: Spindelböck Josef
Published: November 2021

The relation of truth and error in conscience according to the newer actual Magisterium of the Church is the theme of this article, following a hermeneutic of reform in continuity (Benedict XVI). Emphasis is given first on Veritatis splendor by Pope John Paul II, then on Humanae vitae by Pope Paul VI and finally, in a special way, to Amoris laetitia by Pope Francis. A focus is laid on the dimension of virtue education since this helps the persons involved not only to grasp the truth of relevant moral values but also to realise morally good acts with the help of Divine grace. Even in situations of personal limitation, there is always a light of God telling the person how to know and do the good.
Vandal Practices as a Psychological Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kruzhkova Olga V. , Simonova Irina A. , Ljovkina Anastasia O. , Krivoshchekova Marina S.
Published: November 2021

Vandalism can be seen as a form of individual self-realization and expression of the individual and collective responses to change. In this paper, we intend to look at the meaning and motivations behind acts of vandalism. We also aim to classify cases of vandalism that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, we analyzed 80 cases of vandalism related to the COVID-19. The information was obtained from open online sources: publications in online communities and media found through the use of hashtags #COVID-19 and #vandalism. As a result, five categories of vandalism were identified: (a) vandalism as a mechanism of adaptation to change; (b) vandalism as a coping strategy; (c) vandalism as an unconscious defensive reaction to a threatening situation; (d) vandalism as resistance to change; and (e) vandalism as a reflection of the sense of social injustice. We found that vandalism during the pandemic was used mostly as a way of adaptation to change and as a coping strategy. Moreover, our findings have also demonstrated that social instability and transitivity in the crisis period stimulate people to rethink the current social order and search for new social forms, structures, and principles.
Metacontingências e Autocontrole Ético: Efeito das magnitudes das consequências individuais e culturais
Authors: Silva Bruno Rodrigues da , Guimarães Thais Maria Monteiro , Tourinho Emmanuel Zagury
Published: November 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da manipulação das magnitudes das consequências individuais e culturais sobre o padrão de escolhas em situações de autocontrole ético e metacontingências. Seis estudantes universitários foram divididos em duas microculturas, uma com delineamento ABCAC’B’A e outra com um delineamento AC’B’ABCA. Nas condições B e B’, a magnitude da consequência individual para respostas impulsivas aumentava enquanto a consequência cultural diminuía. Nas condições C e C’, aumentava a magnitude da consequência cultural e diminuía a consequência individual. Os resultados indicaram a seleção de um padrão de escolhas em ambas as microculturas pela consequência cultural, com pouca ou nenhuma influência da manipulação da magnitude das consequências.
Subaltern ecologies in southern Italy
Authors: Sciarelli Roberto
Published: November 2021

Abstract Italy is a country marked by serious inequalities between its northern and southern regions in terms of welfare, economic production and level of public services. Southern Italy has also suffered serious cases of environmental devastation. A body of literature with a postcolonial approach interprets these inequalities as the outcome of colonial relations of power that have made the south a historic victim of racist representations and authoritarian means of government. Another line of investigation is dedicated to the study of the socio-environmental conflicts which emerged in southern Italy in situations of environmental degradation. The objective of this article is to contribute to build bridges between these two lines of research, identifying the most relevant points of connection and divergence, with the purpose of showing possible paths of common research for a postcolonial political ecology of Southern Italy.
Industrial Wastewater Management in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Direction to Control Industrial Pollution
Authors: Meilasari-Sugiana Astrid
Published: November 2021

Abstract Increasing competition over decreasing water supply and rapid growth of small and medium enterprises lacking pollution control measures suggest the need for improved institutional framework to manage effluent discharge. The research analyzes the adequacy of institutional arrangements and instruments for managing industrial effluent discharge in Yogyakarta, Indonesia through case study and in-depth interviews with purposive sampling. Results suggest overemphasis on prescriptive measures, lack of adequate coordination mechanisms, and lack of effective policy instruments for pollution control among small enterprises. It is necessary to establish an umbrella agency with cross-cutting authority for consistency, to differentiate regulatory and economic instruments for the various industries, to reduce the number of environmental permits, and to introduce incentives for developing industrial estates. Industries contemplate on their actions as the general public is notified of their environmental standing through media coverage within the Clean River Program.