bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Konstruksi Kepemimpinan Tokoh Bangsa Dalam Film Ketika Bung Di Ende
Authors: Triastika Septizar
Published: August 2016

This research discusses Soekarno’s leadership construction as a national figure framed in the movie “Ketika Bung di Ende” as a film that raised the critical phase which rarely examined in the life of Soekarno. This study rests on the theory of Construction Reality Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckman through movie as a mass media. Using the framing analysis of William A. Gamson and Andre Modgliani to see how the events are governed by the ideas and its problems, by using Metaphors, Catchphrases, Exemplar, Depiction and Visual Images as well as reasoning devices with the use of roots, appeals to principle, and consequences as Framing Devices; the director and the screenwriter then form their intended construction on Soekarno’s leadership. The conclusions obtained from this study are as a medium of communication,, the movie can be used to construct Soekarno as a free-spirited leader and anti imperialism; eager and devoted to unity, embracing all people, and religious ideologues. Soekarno is a leader with democratic and transformational constellation of traits that still adheres to the philosophy of Pancasila.
Pemberdayaan Petani Oleh Komunitas TIK
Authors: Praditya Didit
Published: August 2016

With a great population of farmers particularly in rural area, makes the study concerning farmer empowerment in supporting people's independent and productivity become important to conduct. The research is qualitative through the interview, observation, and documentation of ICT community in the empowerment of rural community on agricultural aspect including the obstacles and challenges emerges.  The study analyzed the activity concerning the empowerment of farmer by ICT community in 4 (four) cities/regencies in West Java (Ciamis, Garut, Majalengka, and Indramayu Regency, and Sukabumi City) and the model of the activity.  Based on the research, the activity of ICT community in empowering ICT has not been performed, directly related with farmer nor specifically in agricultural aspect. Based on proposed model, the activity of ICT empowerment to the farmer by ICT community, specifically:  (1) Meeting and assisting (workshop) about ICT to farmer/farmer group directly/particularly in the use of ICT among farmer. (2) Developing ICT-based service for agriculture. (3) Socialization the benefit of ICT in developing agriculture. (4) Encourage productivity of agriculture product, and dissemination/promotion the village potency and agricultural product. (5) Cooperating with the village in assisting the use of ICT.
Grain Growth Studies of Indium Antimonide Thin Films and Its Application in photovoltaic cell
Authors: Singh Pawan Kumar
Published: August 2016

Compound III-V materials are formed when atoms from group Illb of the periodic table combine with atoms from group Vb. The resulting com pounds are both crystalline and semiconducting and contain an equal proportion of both atom types. The Indium antimonide crystal has been used for infrared applications and for the radiation detector applications. Thin films of InSb with a thickness of about 0.12 micrometer are prepared onto well-cleaned glass substrates by employing an e- beam evaporation process. Indium Antimonide thin films are grown onto well cleaned glass substrates at room temperature on cleaned glass substrate in Hind Hivac- Vacuum Coating unit under a vacuum better than 10−5 Torr. X-ray diffraction studies confirm the polycrystalline of the films and the films show preferential orientation along the (111) plane. The particle size found to about 1100 micrometer of thin film. In this paper we present some of our results concerning the synthesis and crystal growth of indium antimonide compounds . To carry out the synthesis of InSb a suitable mixing furnace was designed and fabricated.
How Delayed is “Delayed Integration”? Estimating Transitions out of Unemployment Spells Using Discrete-Time Survival Models
Authors: Krutova Oxana , Nummi Tapio
Published: August 2016

This paper studies the duration patterns of unemployment spells for immigrants and the determinants of unemployment’s completion into one of a number of studied labour market states in Finland. We estimate a duration model for unemployment with competing risks of its terminating into employment, labour market training or economic inactivity. Taking into account the wide period of observation and opportunities to analyse processes of labour market integration during various periods of economic development in Finland, in combination with the individualistic character of the labour careers of immigrants, this research is beneficial owing to the many various findings concerning labour market integration of immigrants. The approach undertaken in this research has a dualistic “descriptive-dynamic” character under which integration is understood as a never-ending process, which is conditioned by a time period of long-term existence and a context of solitary action. We find that transitions out of unemployment spells have a cyclical character; after every new “cycle” in unemployment, the probability of terminating unemployment decreases further. We also find that ascriptive factors make sense in the process of job-placement of immigrants from unemployment. Therefore, the gender, education and age of immigrants, as well as the effect of the period in which first unemployment occurred, potentially predict transitions out of unemployment and further labour market integration of immigrants.
A Systematic Review of the Factors Affecting the Cyclone Evacuation Decision Process in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahsan Md. Nasif ,   International Centre for Water Hazard and Risk Management (ICHARM) under the auspices of UNESCO, Public Works Research Institute 1-6 Minamihara, Tsukuba 305-8516, Ibaraki, Japan, Takeuchi Kuniyoshi , Vink Karina , Ohara Miho ,   ,,   National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS), Disaster Management Program (DMP),   Economics Discipline, Khulna University, Bangladesh
Published: August 2016

Researchers are investigating a broad spectrum of factors affecting positively and/or negatively the evacuation decision-making process occurring after people at risk receive cyclone warnings and advisories. Previous studies suggest that early warnings themselves do not propagate evacuation processes to be investigated but, rather, that human risk perceptions do so. This in turn encourages the sociopsychological dimensions of risk perception to be evaluated, which must be done within a country’s own cultural context. In applying content analysis here, we review the literature on evacuation decision-making processes during rapidonset hazards, i.e., tropical cyclones, in coastal Bangladesh. We focus on three broad overlapping themes – early warning, risk perception, and evacuation decision-making. Major content-analysis findings suggest that two things – a lack of credibility in early warning messages and an inefficient dissemination process – tend to affect the risk perception of people at risk and are likely to eventually determine the success of evacuation decision-making. Findings also show that different socioeconomic and socio-cultural issues related to risk perception appear to be more influential than formal warning messages in propagating decisions to evacuate during a cyclone. Based on these results, we suggest specific policy recommendations for improving local evacuation efficiency.
Impact of Restoration and Management on Aggregation and Organic Carbon Accumulation in Urban Grasslands
Authors: Yost Jenifer L. , Egerton-Warburton Louise M. , Schreiner Kathryn M. , Palmer Corey E. , Hartemink Alfred E.
Published: August 2016

Core Ideas

Few studies have examined SOC accrual in restored urban grasslands.

We examined SOC accrual in 14 restored and native grasslands in Chicago.

Short‐term (<7 yr) restoration increased microaggregate OC toward levels in native prairies.

Longer‐term restoration did not improve total SOC or aggregate OC.

Differences in SOC were linked to soil moisture, N, texture, and inputs of C4–C among sites.

Understanding the patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation in restored grasslands is necessary to determine their potential to sequester atmospheric CO2. Patterns of SOC accrual after grassland restorations are generally based on studies in former agricultural fields, and these studies show an increase in SOC and aggregated‐associated OC over time. In this study, we quantified SOC accrual in a series of restored grasslands situated within the matrix of the Chicago metropolitan region. Soil samples were collected from unmanaged (no restoration), short‐term (<7 yr), and longer‐term restorations (>10 yr) and from native prairie remnants located on Mollisols or Alfisols and analyzed using a combination of physical fractionation (aggregate size) and chemical measurements (organic C [OC], 13C/12C natural abundance). We found that (i) total SOC declined after restoration and remained significantly lower in restored than unmanaged soils, (ii) patterns of aggregate OC in longer‐term restorations were more similar to those in unmanaged than to prairie sites, and (iii) microaggregate OC levels and C4–C inputs into aggregate fractions were significantly higher in short‐ than longer‐term restorations. Thus, an increasing time under management did not enhance SOC accrual. For all sites, path models showed that SOC accrual was correlated with soil N, texture, and moisture, whereas C4–C inputs were significant model terms only in short‐term restorations and prairie sites. Taken together, these results indicate the need to consider inter‐relationships among vegetation and soil factors as influences on SOC accrual rather than simply time under management.
VALUE ORIENTATIONS OF THE PROFESSIONALS WORKING IN SPECIAL CONDITIONS (the example of Border, Police and Customs services staff)
Authors: Lyukshina D. S.
Published: August 2016

The study found that the group of dominating terminal values of the employees of Border, Police and Customs Services comprised the following values: health, happy family life, love. The group of dominating instrumental values included parenting, honesty, responsibility, education. The group of insignificant terminal values common for the three examined groups comprised the following values: the beauty of nature and art, entertainment, creation. The group of insignificant instrumental values was formed by the values of high demands and intolerance of shortcomings in themselves and others.
THE METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH OF THE DEROGATORY-MARKED ETHNONYMS IN MODERN ENGLISH
Authors: Tsebrovskaya T. A.
Published: August 2016

The paper describes the methods used for the structural-semantic and ethnolinguistic analysis of the derogatorymarked ethnonyms of modern English, particularly American, British, Canadian, Australian and New Zealand English. The proposed research methodology is based on the socio-cultural, structural-semantic and ethnolinguistic aspects of the study of language units based on the analysis of theoretical works of Russian and foreign scientists, as well as lexicographical sources.
PROBLEMS OF CREATION OF THE HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL MUSEUM “SHESTAKOVO COMPLEX”
Authors: Kimeev V. M.
Published: August 2016

The paper discusses the history of the discovery, the various project proposals for the conservation and use of the unique natural and historical complex for the further creation of the historical and natural reserve or the historical-cultural and natural museum-reserve “Shestakovo” or natural national park.

Since 1998, Kuzbass has a long experience in the development of such projects and the creation of “Tomskaya Pisanitsa”, “Krasnaya Gorka”, “Historical Mariinsk”, “Tyulbersky town”, “Kuznetsk fortress” museums-reserves, ecomuseum “Tazgol” as part of “Trekhrechye” reserve. The reserves were designed and built by professional architects and historians, museum workers on the basis of many years of research.

The most promising may be considered a museum-reserve project proposed by archaeologist A. M. Kulemzin. The final step before the creation of the Museum-Reserve is approving a project of protection zones and a master plan made by licensed laboratory, taking into account the available data of paleontological research and the opinions of historians, museum staff and biologists.
PERIODIZATION OF THE RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF PRE-REVOLUTIONARY WORKERS’ INSURANCE IN THE FIRST DECADES OF THE SOVIET AUTHORITY (late 1917 – mid 1941)
Authors: Protasov A. D.
Published: August 2016

The history of social insurance of workers found reflection in literature practically from the first days of existence of the USSR. The question of a detailed periodization of the Soviet historiography of pre-revolutionary social insurance of workers is addressed in the paper. The author focused on the period which is the most difficult for studying: from October Rprior up to the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, when work on this problem practically stopped.

The analysis of literature and activity of the scientific and historical institutions which were engaged in studying of the problem allowed defining the chronological framework of the considered period. As a result of research the author allocates three stages, though defining their chronological frameworks was hindered by such factors as struggle in the higher levels of the authorities, number of researches and their political orientation, and also a limited circle of the sources introduced into scientific circulation.
SUSCEPTIBILIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA DE CEPAS DE Escherichia coli ISOLADAS DE AVES CONDENADAS POR COLIBACILOSE
Authors: Nepomuceno Leandro Lopes , Maciel Karina Almeida , Santos Helcileia Dias , Floresta Adriana Carla , Baum Cléverson , Dias Francisca Elda Ferreira , Nepomuceno Leonor Cristina Lopes , Reis Valmárica Rodrigues dos , Nascimento Cristiane Alves , Alexandrino Bruna , Minharro Sílvia
Published: August 2016

Este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar o perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiana de 130 cepas de Escherichia coli isoladas de aves condenadas por colibacilose pela Inspeção Federal no estado do Tocantins, procedentes dos estados de Distrito Federal (DF), Goiás (GO), São Paulo (SP) e Tocantins (TO), a realização do teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos (TSA) seguiu a metodologia proposta por CLSI. Os resultados mostraram que 76% e 72% das cepas provenientes do estado do GO e TO, respectivamente, apresentaram sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos testados. Enquanto as cepas isoladas no DF e SP apresentaram sensibilidade de 65% e 62% respectivamente. Quando analisado o perfil de sensibilidade dos grupos de antimicrobianos formados, observou-se que a maioria das amostras foram sensíveis, com maior destaque ao grupo das pleuromutilinas (93%), seguidos dos aminoglicosídeos (88%) e quinolonas/fluoroquinolonas (77%). Dentre as cepas isoladas, 30,76% apresentaram resistência a pelo menos dois antimicrobianos testados, recomendados para tratamento de aves. Nas condições experimentais deste trabalho, entre os antimicrobianos testados, apenas ceftioflur, florfenicol, ciprofloxacina, trimethoprim + sulfametoxazol, gentamicina, amoxicilina + ácido clavulânico foram indicados para tratamento de E. coli em frangos. E apensar da utilização de antimicrobianos não ter se mostrado um problema em nossos estudos nos estados estudados a multirresistência obtida ressalta a importância de uso criterioso e controlado destes fármacos na avicultura.
PREVALÊNCIA, ETIOLOGIA E FATORES DE RISCO DE MASTITE CLÍNICA EM REBANHOS LEITEIROS DE VIÇOSA-MG
Authors: Cunha Adriano França da , Bragança Lindomar José , Quintão Leonardo Cotta , Coelho Kamila Soares , Souza Fernando Nogueira de , Cerqueira Mônica Maria Oliveira Pinho
Published: August 2016

A mastite bovina é a inflamação da glândula mamária que ocasiona grandes perdas na produção leiteira. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar a prevalência, agentes causadores e fatores relacionados às práticas de manejo e características de produção determinantes de mastite clínica em 44 propriedades leiteiras de ViçosaMG. Em 617 vacas, a mastite clínica foi determinada por meio de exame clínico da glândula mamária e teste da caneca. Amostras de leite dos quartos mamários com mastite clínica foram submetidas à exames microbiológicos. Um questionário estruturado foi aplicado para determinar os fatores de risco à mastite. A prevalência de mastite clínica nos rebanhos foi de 4,8%. Os agentes etiológicos mais isolados foram Staphylococcus aureus (29,73%), Streptococcus agalactiae (16,21%), Escherichia coli (13,51%) e Leveduras (13,51%). O grande número de animais em lactação por propriedade, falta de sanidade do rebanho, falta de higiene do ambiente e práticas inadequadas de tratamento de vaca seca tiveram associação significativa (p < 0,05) com a prevalência de mastite clínica. Portanto, os manejos ambiental e animal devem ser revistos para auxiliar na diminuição de casos de mastite em rebanhos de Viçosa (MG).
ATIVIDADE ACARICIDA DE Nicotiana tabacum SOBRE OVOS DE Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus
Authors: Araújo Izabela Mesquita , Silva Mateus Borges , Silva Nailde De Paula , Vilela Hêmina Carla , Fráguas Rodrigo Martins , Abel Isis
Published: August 2016

A utilização de acaricidas sintéticos é a forma mais comum para o controle do carrapato-do-boi, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Porém, os problemas acarretados pelo o uso indiscriminado desses produtos têm impulsionado a busca por métodos alternativos como a utilização de compostos a base de plantas medicinais. Nesse contexto, este estudo objetivou avaliar a eficácia de diferentes métodos de extração do fumo de corda (Nicotiana tabacum) contra ovos de R. microplus. Para a obtenção dos extratos da planta, foram utilizadas as seguintes técnicas: maceração, destilação e extração de Soxhlet, todas utilizando a água como solvente. Os ovos foram organizados em alíquotas de 100 mg para serem tratados com os extratos e, posteriormente, observados diariamente para o registro dos parâmetros relativos à eclosão larval. Observou-se um aumento significativo no período de incubação quando foram utilizados os extratos obtidos por maceração ou Soxhlet. O período e o percentual de eclosão foram significativamente reduzidos, com a utilização de qualquer uma das técnicas de extração. Portanto, o extrato aquoso de N. tabacum, sem a necessidade de formulações, é eficaz para impedir a eclodibilidade larval sob as condições empregadas nesta pesquisa.
GÉRMEN INTEGRAL DE MILHO EM SUBSTITUIÇÃO AO MILHO NA DIETA DE OVINOS SANTA INÊS: CARACTERÍSTICAS DE CARCAÇA E COMPOSIÇÃO TECIDUAL
Authors: Urbano Stela Antas , Ferreira Marcelo De Andrade , Bispo Safira Valença , Da Silva Emmanuelle Cordeiro , Suassuna Juraci Marcos Alves , De Oliveira Juliana Paula Felipe
Published: August 2016

Avaliou-se o efeito da substituição do milho pelo gérmen integral de milho (0; 25; 50; 75 e 100%) na dieta de ovinos da raça Santa Inês sobre as características de carcaça, pesos e rendimentos dos cortes cárneos e composição tecidual da perna. Quarenta animais não emasculados da raça Santa Inês foram abatidos após 70 dias de confinamento. Verificou-se efeito linear decrescente para o consumo de matéria seca, proteína bruta e nutrientes digestíveis totais, bem como para os pesos e rendimentos de carcaça, área de olho-de-lombo, pesos dos cortes cárneos comerciais e componentes tissulares da perna. Houve aumento linear para o pH final da carcaça, sem efeito sobre o pH inicial e temperaturas inicial e final. O rendimento dos cortes cárneos, os percentuais de músculos e de gordura da perna e a relação músculo : gordura não foram influenciados pela substituição. Para os percentuais de ossos e de outros tecidos da perna houve efeito linear crescente. As relações musculo : osso, gordura subcutânea : gordura intermuscular e o índice de musculosidade da perna decresceram linearmente com a substituição. Não se recomenda a substituição do milho pelo gérmen integral de milho na dieta de ovinos da raça Santa Inês confinados.
Economic analysis of feeding lambs confined by partial replacement of the concentrated by air part of cassava
Authors: Pereira Luiz Carlos , Ítavo Luís Carlos Vinhas , Mateus Rodrigo Gonçalves , Silva Diogo Cesar Gomes da , Ferreira Marcos Barbosa , Carvalho Cristiano Marcelo Espinola
Published: August 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of inclusion of cassava raw in the diet of lambs, partially replacing concentrate food in order to reduce production costs. The experiment was conducted at XXXXXX-XXXXX, in XXXXXXXX-XXX. 28 sheep were used in the Pantaneira race, 14 males and 14 females, mean age of 75 days, average weight 18.84 kg ± 2.02 for 65 days. The experimental design were in randomized blocks in a factorial method (2x2) with two factors, distributed in 7 females and 7 males. Received diets were: treatment 1 - control and treatment 2 - 10% Air Part of Cassava (PAM 10) replacing concentrate, comprising two factors. The economic analysis of animal performance demonstrated the lowest feeding costs, lower interest on working capital and higher net margin for the treatment PAM 10. These results allow us to conclude that inclusion of raw cassava in the diet of lambs in partial replacement of concentrate can result in higher profitability.
Urinary infection by Morganella morganii in a young dog affected by ectopic ureter
Authors: Pereira Juliana De Abreu , Bonci Mário Mendes , Botteon Rita de Cássia Campbell Machado , De Souza Miliane Moreira Soares , Da Veiga Cristiano Chaves Pessoa , Da Costa Rita de Cássia Silva , Pinheiro Anielli Da Costa , Almeida Ana Carolina De Oliveira
Published: August 2016

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are frequent diseases in the routine of clinical medicine of companion animals and bacterial cystitis is the most common cause of UTI in dogs and cats. The bad-formations of the urinary tract, as the ectopic ureter, may predispose the affected animals to recurrent urinary infections caused by the same or different pathogens. Morganella morganii is a bacterium with rare isolation from urinary infections in dogs, and it is considered an opportunistic agent in infectious processes, both in pets as in men. This report aimed to describe the clinical diagnosis, as microbiological diagnosis of this infrequent isolation of this microorganism in a young animal carrier of ectopic ureter. Despite of previous treatments of cystitis, the patient had no clinical improvement due to the lack of correction of the baseline cause, or ectopic ureter; which favored recurrent infections. Even being warned about the diseases and its aggravating, the owner left the treatment of the patient, despite the partial clinical improvement with antibiotic therapy according to the susceptibility profile. The results obtained in this case report confirm the importance of culture and sensitivity test for treatment of UTIs; and the search for baseline causes of infectious processes of the urinary tract. Although it’s rare isolation, Morganella morganii should be considered as an important causative agent of UTI in animals as in humans, since the anatomical deformities favor the rise of pathogens, especially Gram negative inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract of animals.
A sustainable integrated model for Industry-Academia interface
Authors: Devi T Uma
Published: August 2016

Industry-academia interface has been emerging as the critical differentiator for educational institutions worldwide. This explorative research paper examines various issues associated with academic institutions and industry collaboration with special attention to the nature of resources and challenges of stakeholders in the context of talent management. The samples studied for this research are 40 academic institutions and its industry collaboration in Hyderabad, Bangalore and Delhi. This paper explores the barriers of industry- academia interaction on both dimensions. This also explores the potential areas where industry participation with academia would be most effective for synergy. Finally this paper proposes an integrated model of new collaborative approach in view of Indian scenario to strengthen sustainable industryacademia interface.
Effect of direction of blowing air on morphology of nanofibers by bubbfil spinning
Authors: Zhang Shengzhong , Zhao Lei , He Chun-Hui , Liu Hong-Yan , Sun Qi-Long
Published: August 2016

Blowing air in bubbfil spinning process can be used to not only overcome the
surface tension of polymer bubbles, but also pull the debris to form either
nanofibers or yarns. This paper studies experimentally the direction of
blowing air on the morphology of obtained nanofibers.
A fractional model for insulation clothings with cocoon-like porous structure
Authors: Liu Fu-Juan , Wang Ping , Zhang Yan , Liu Hong-Yan , He Ji-Huan
Published: August 2016

Both silkworm cocoons and wild silkworm cocoons have excellent mechanical
properties, as a protective barrier against environmental damage and attack
by natural predators. In particular, this multilayer porous structure can be
exceptionally tough to enhance the chance of survival for pupas while
supporting their metabolic activity. Here, a fractional derivative is defined
through the variational iteration method, and its application to explaining
the outstanding thermal protection of insulation clothings with cocoon-like
porous structure is elucidated. The fractal hierarchic structure of
insulation clothings makes human body mathematically adapted for extreme
temperature environment.
On chain rule in fractional calculus
Authors: Wang Jun , Hu Yue
Published: August 2016

Chain rule plays an important role in fractional calculus. There are many
definitions of fractional derivative, and this paper shows that the chain
rule is invalid for Jumarie's modification of Riemann-Liouville definition.
Macro fluid analysis of laminated fabric permeability
Authors: Qiu Li , Chen Xiao-Dong , Wang Rui , Wang De-Peng
Published: August 2016

A porous jump model is put forward to predict the breathability of laminated
fabrics by utilizing fluent software. To simplify the parameter setting
process, the methods of determining the parameters of jump porous model by
means of fabric layers are studied. Also, effects of single/multi-layer
fabrics and thickness on breathability are analyzed, indicating that fabric
breathability reduces with the increase of layers. Multi-layer fabric is
simplified into a single layer, and the fabric permeability is calculated by
proportion. Moreover, the change curve of fabric layer and face permeability,
as well as the equation between the fabric layer and the face permeability
are obtained. Then, face permeability and pressure-jump coefficient
parameters setting of porous jump model could be integrated into single
parameter (i. e. fabric layers), which simplifies the fluent operation
process and realizes the prediction of laminated fabric permeability.
Modeling release of chemicals from multilayer materials into food
Authors: Huang Xiu-Ling , Zhang Xiao , Zhang Xian-Tao , Yam Kit
Published: August 2016

The migration of chemicals from materials into food is predictable by various
mathematical models. In this article, a general mathematical model is
developed to quantify the release of chemicals through multilayer packaging
films based on Fick's diffusion. The model is solved numerically to elucidate
the effects of different diffusivity values of different layers, distribution
of chemical between two adjacent layers and between material and food, mass
transfer at the interface of material and food on the migration process.
Effect of bubble size on nanofiber diameter in bubble electrospinning
Authors: Ren Zhong-Fu , Kong Fang-Zhi , Wang Fei-Yan , Hu Gui-Fang
Published: August 2016

Polymer bubbles are widely used for fabrication of nanofibers. Bubble size
affects not only bubble's surface tension, but also fiber's morphology. A
mathematical model is established to reveal the effect of bubble size on the
spinning process, and the experiment verification shows the theoretical
analysis is reliable.
Effects of ambient conditions on multi-capillary ventilation rate
Authors: Zhang Qing , Yang Rong-Chao , Miao Qian , Wu Shu-Xing , Zhang Kai
Published: August 2016

As a major physical parameter for the tobacco industry, the ventilation rate
of cigarette should be measured reliably. Theoretical and numerical
investigation on ef-fects of ambient conditions (e. g., cumulative flux of
ozone and additional pressure drop) on the ventilation rate was carried out.
It was found that the standards exhibited a non-linear airflow component,
which explains why additional pressure drop has an effect on the calibrated
value, and had low sensitivity to cumulative flux of ozone.
A dye removal model with a fuzzy initial condition
Authors: Zhang Yan , He Ji-Huan , Wang Shu-Qiang , Wang Ping
Published: August 2016

A fuzzy model for dye removal is suggested to study a transport model of the
direct textile industry wastewater, and the variational iteration method is
adopted to obtain its analytical solutions. The concentration depends upon
not only the parameters in the governing equation, but also the pair of the
initial condition.
Rational solution to a shallow water wave-like equation
Authors: Ma Hong-Cai , Ni Ke , Ruan Guo-Ding , Deng Ai-Ping
Published: August 2016

Two classes of rational solutions to a shallow water wave-like non-linear
differential equation are constructed. The basic object is a generalized
bilinear differential equation based on a prime number, p = 3. Through this
new transformation and with the help of symbolic computation with MAPLE, both
the new equation and its rational solutions are obtained.
Numerical investigation of flow characteristics over dimpled surface
Authors: Ge Mingwei
Published: August 2016

Flow characteristics over dimpled surface are studied numerically for a fully
developed turbulent channel. The results show that dimples can effectively
activate the near wall turbulence and cause an increase of total drag. The
dimple depth also plays an important role in enhancement of hear transfer.
An improved particle population balance equation in the continuum-slip regime
Authors: Xie Mingliang , Li Jin , Kong Tingting , He Qing
Published: August 2016

An improved moment model is proposed to solve the population balance equation
for Brownian coagulation in the continuum-slip regime, and it reduces to a
known one in open literature when the non-linear terms in the slip correction
factor are ignored. The present model shows same asymptotic behavior as that
in the continuum regime.
Numerical approach to solar ejector-compression refrigeration system
Authors: Zheng Hui-Fan , Guo Shu-Qing , Chen Yin-Long , Wang Cong-Min
Published: August 2016

A model was established for solar ejector-compression refrigeration system.
The influence of generator temperature, middle-temperature, and evaporator
temperature on the performance of the refrigerant system was analyzed. An
optimal generator temperature is found for maximal energy efficiency ratio
and minimal power consumption.
Research on morphologies of polyvinyl alcohol/milk nanofibers
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhang Chuan-Zheng , Liu Fu-Juan , Wang Fei-Yan , Wang Ping
Published: August 2016

In this paper, the surface morphologies of polyvinyl alcohol/milk nanofibers
produced via electrospinning technique were investigated. The electrospinning
process was performed at various processing parameters (flow rate, applied
voltage) and different polyvinyl acetate to milk ratios (100/0, 90/10, 80/20,
70/30, and 60/40). The scanning electron microscopy and Image J software were
used to characterize the surface morphologies, especially the diameter
distribution of electro spun nanofibers. The results of scanning electron
microscopy show that the diameter of polyvinyl acetate/milk nanofibers
increases with the increase of the spinning speed and spinning voltage but
decreases with the increase of the weight percentage of milk in the spinning
solution. The potential applications of this bicomponent nanofibers are
numerous and diverse. The research results in present paper can contribute to
better control of the electrospinning process and thus expanding the
applicabilities, such as dressings for wound healing in sports.
Study on mass transfer property of oxygen molecules and kinetic regimes of pressured pulverized coal combustion
Authors: Yue Fang , Fu Peifang , Liu Yang , Zhang Bin
Published: August 2016

The effects of pressure on diffusion of oxygen molecules during the coal
combustion could not be ignored. The compressibility factor of real oxygen is
investigated to evaluate the deviation between real and ideal oxygen, and
obtain the mean free path of real oxygen. Comparing the Knudsen pore diameter
with the minimum pore diameter, it is found that with the increase of
pressure, Knudsen diffusion cannot exist at low pressure and may delay to
occur at higher temperature. When pressure exceeds 3.5 MPa, no Knudsen
diffusion occurs within the whole temperature range of our research.
Comparing the diffusion rate at 1 MPa with the burning rate, one can conclude
that the combustion mainly take place on the internal and external surfaces,
and the reaction is controlled by the chemical kinetics below 1400 K. When
themperature is between 1400 K and 1600 K, the reaction is controlled by both
the diffusion and the chemical kinetics. When the temperature is more than
1600 K, the combustion primarily happens on the external surfaces and is
controlled by the diffusion.
Makelabels: a Bash script for generating data matrix codes for collection management
Authors: Dellinger Theresa , Wong Victoria , Marek Paul
Published: August 2016

Digitization of natural history collections allows easy access and reuse of the invaluable biodiversity data held within a collection by providing access to specimen level data through the Internet. Each digitized specimen in a database requires a unique catalog number to distinguish it from the many other biologically unique specimens within the collection. However, there are few open source barcode generators available, and of these even fewer platforms exist to enable the mass production of barcode labels required by natural history collections. We developed a low-cost, open source solution to generating data matrix barcodes with unique catalog numbers for use in the Virginia Tech Insect Collection.

Here we describe the makelabels script, which uses the open source Unix packages libdmtx and ImageMagick to generate unique specimen labels containing both a human-readable catalog number and a machine-readable data matrix barcode. The mass production of labels and use of both types of catalog symbology provides flexibility in specimen management and increased efficiency in digitization and specimen processing workflows.
Connected Dominating Set in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Mohanty Jasaswi Prasad , Mandal Chittaranjan
Published: August 2016

In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), all the nodes are deployed randomly and are energy constrained. There is no physical backbone infrastructure. So, for effective communication between the nodes, a virtual backbone can be used. A virtual backbone can be formed by constructing the Connected Dominating Set (CDS). In past few years, efficient and fast construction of CDS in a wireless network is the main research problem in topology control. In this chapter, the authors have given a comprehensive survey of the CDS construction algorithms with their merit and demerits. They concluded the chapter with some open problems and interesting issues in this field are proposed.
Impact of the Structure of the Data Gathering Trees on Node Lifetime and Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Meghanathan Natarajan
Published: August 2016

We analyze the impact of the structure of the Data Gathering (DG) trees on node lifetime (round of first node failure) and network lifetime (minimum number of rounds by which the network gets either disconnected due to node failures or the fraction of coverage loss reaches a threshold) in wireless sensor networks through extensive simulations. The two categories of DG trees studied are: the Bottleneck Node Weight-Based (BNW-DG) trees and Bottleneck Link Weight-Based (BLW-DG) trees. The BNW-DG trees incur a smaller diameter and a significantly larger fraction of nodes as leaf nodes: thus, protecting a majority of the nodes in the network from simultaneously being exhausted of the energy resources (contributing to a significantly larger network lifetime); nevertheless the nodes that serve as intermediate nodes in the first few instances of the BNW-DG trees are bound to lose their energy more quickly than the other nodes, leading to a smaller node lifetime compared to that of the BLW-DG trees (that incur a larger diameter and a relatively lower fraction of nodes as leaf nodes).
Security Issues and Challenges in Internet of Things
Authors: Panda Sudhosil
Published: August 2016

The Internet of Things (IoT) aims at connecting a large number of communication and information systems. With the further development of pervasive computing, these systems can be integrated into everyday objects, such as household devices and tools. When complex systems are interconnected, it is complicated to keep track of how secure a system or connection is and to distinguish which devices are connected within the IoT and which devices are not. As to the security, the IoT will be faced with more severe challenges. There are the following reasons: 1) the IoT extends the ‘internet' through the traditional internet, mobile network and sensor network and so on, 2) every ‘thing' will be connected to this ‘internet' and 3) these ‘things' will communicate with each other. Therefore, the new security and privacy problems will arise out of which authentication and access control are the most vital security issues that need to be taken care of. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the issues for confidentiality, authenticity and integrity of data in the IoT.
Layered Double Hydroxides-Based Materials as Oxidation Catalysts
Authors: Marcu Ioan-Cezar , Urdă Adriana , Popescu Ionel , Hulea Vasile
Published: August 2016

This chapter is focused on the transition-metal-containing LDHs-based materials having potential applications in both catalytic selective oxidation for obtaining chemicals and intermediates, and complete oxidation as a promising valuable technology for the destruction of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs).
Case Studies in the Challenge of Properties Design at Nanoscale
Authors: Ferbinteanu Marilena , Ramanantoanina Harry , Cimpoesu Fanica
Published: August 2016

In the quest for nano-sized materials with potential applications in new technologies and devices, the molecular magnetism based on coordination systems shows a valuable path, including the idea of structure-property rationales. Polynuclear coordination compounds are already in the range of nanometers and many consecrated magnetic materials that can be prepared at nano-scale granulation, such as oxides, have as bonding and exchange coupling mechanisms the same causal engines identified in coordination systems. Based on this paradigm, several case studies are taken, relating the magnetic properties with methods of electron structure calculations and phenomenological models.
Sustainable Design of Photovoltaics
Authors: Putz Mihai V. , Tudoran Marina A. , Mirica Marius C. , Iorga Mirela I. , Bănică Radu , Novaconi Ștefan D. , Balcu Ionel , Rus Ștefania F. , Putz Ana-Maria
Published: August 2016

With the ever present-to-future need of renewable energy the main features of photo-electrochemistry processes are reviewed and described from the perspective of devices phenomenology serving to sustainable design of photovoltaics, while providing the quantum insight in terms of data observability and interpretation. At the same time, the photovoltaic cell “enriched” with quantum dots is presented as a “milestone for obtaining green energy”, a perspective opened by the developing of recent nanotechnology. Nevertheless, this new approach is referring to both theoretical and experimental aspects, both equally needed in order to find a way to develop efficient and ecological photovoltaic devices. Finally, bondonic information for molecules activated in mesoscopic scale are determined while combining their FT-IR spectra with photovoltaic fill factor and metrological quantum triangle (electron tunneling, Josephson effect and quantum Hall effect) towards challenging new perspective of sub-quantum interaction in condensed nano-matter.
Sustainable Nanosystem Development for Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Popescu Laurentiu , Robu Adrian C. , Zamfir Alina D.
Published: August 2016

Nowadays, considerable efforts are invested into development of sustainable nanosystems as front end technology for either Electrospray Ionization (ESI) or Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS). Since their first introduction in MS, nanofluidics demonstrated a high potential to discover novel biopolymer species. These systems confirmed the unique ability to offer structural elucidation of molecular species, which often represent valuable biomarkers of severe diseases. In view of these major advantages of nanofluidics-MS, this chapter reviews the strategies, which allowed a successful development of nanotechnology for MS and the applications in biological and clinical research. The first part will be dedicated to the principles and technical developments of advanced nanosystems for electrospray and MALDI MS. The second part will highlight the most important applications in clinical proteomics and glycomics. Finally, this chapter will emphasize that advanced nanosystems-MS has real perspectives to become a routine method for early diagnosis of severe pathologies.
Graphene and Fullenene Clusters
Authors: Torrens Francisco , Castellano Gloria
Published: August 2016

Interacting induced-dipoles polarization in code POLAR permits calculating molecular polarizability, which is tested with endohedral metallofullerenes Scn@Cm and clusters Cn (fullerene, graphene, GR). Polarizability identifies aggregates with dissimilar numbers of atoms and separates isomers. Results are of the same order of magnitude as reference computations performed with code PAPID. Polarizability bulk limit is estimated from Clausius–Mossotti relationship. Polarizability trend for clusters vs. size is unexpected: they are more polarizable than bulk. Theory yielded the same for small Sin, Gen and GanAsm; however, experiment oppositely deferred for larger Sin, GanAsm and GenTem. Smaller clusters do not behave like intermediate sizes: polarizability of small aggregates is caused by dangling bonds at the surface that resembles metallic. Varying number of atoms, clusters show peaks indicative of particularly polarizable structures in agreement with alkalines polarizability and molar volume in the periodic table of the elements. Code AMYR calculates molecular associations on GR(2)–Mz+.
A Game-Based Approach to Teaching Social Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: Ang Rebecca P. , Tan Jean Lee , Goh Dion H.L. , Huan Vivien S. , Ooi Yoon Phaik , Boon Jillian S. T. , Fung Daniel S. S.
Published: August 2016

This chapter describes a game-based approach to teaching social problem solving skills. This chapter presents the background, literature review, development and evaluation of a social problem-solving game, Socialdrome, for use with primary school going children in Singapore. The game sought to intentionally teach children to identify and manage feelings, exercise self-control, solve social problems and negotiate conflict situations. This chapter has two objectives. First, we describe the design of Socialdrome, which is in alignment with instructional design and game design principles. In Study 1, we reported a formative evaluation of the game. This led to further refinements of the game. Second, we presented Study 2, an investigation of the learning outcomes and user acceptance arising from using Socialdrome. Here, a summative evaluation of the game in a formal classroom setting was reported. We concluded with directions for future work.
Designing Intrinsic Integration of Learning and Gaming Actions in a 3D Architecture Game
Authors: Ke Fengfeng
Published: August 2016

This chapter reports a design-based study that examines core game mechanics that enable an intrinsic integration of domain-specific learning. In particular, the study aims to extract the design heuristics that promote content engagement in the actions of architectural construction in Earthquake Rebuild, a 3D epistemic simulation game that aims to promote active math learning for middle-school students. Data were collected from iterative expert reviews and user-testing studies. Based on the study findings, the chapter presents qualitative, analytic speculations on the design of the game-play mode and perspective, the granularity level, the user input interface, and incentives for attentive content engagement that will reinforce the learning affordance and playability of the core game gaming actions.
Stories, Games, and Learning through Play
Authors: Slota Stephen T. , Young Michael F.
Published: August 2016

Stories are the mechanism through which humans construct reality and make sense of the world around them. Yet, literature on the effects of narrative in game-based and other learning environments is quite variable, and the relevance of narrative to the learning sciences is not well-researched. Identifying precisely how narrative intertwines with human experience of the lived-in world requires the application of a situated cognition framework to understand user-content-context interactions as dynamic and co-determined. This chapter uses examples drawn from a narrative-structured, game-based learning program to accomplish that goal, discussing in-context, on-the-fly dialogic interactions between narrative “producers” and “recipients.” While there is still much to learn, the leveraging of narrative to help recipients grapple with complex social, cultural, and intellectual issues may be one of the most important—and overlooked—means of inducing game-to-real world transfer.
Role of Citizen Journalism through Internet in Reporting War and Conflicts
Authors: Sree Krishna Bharadwaj H.
Published: August 2016

It is no doubt that internet has brought a revolution in the world. Every individual is nowadays active in terms of information of not just his country but happenings throughout the world. Therefore, with devices having connectivity in everyone's hand with the whole world, it is impossible to suppress or any occurrence. Every individual is becoming a journalist. This paper explores the issues in citizen reporting especially in wars and conflicts both legal and sociological.
Understanding the Role of Media in South Asia
Authors: Natarajan Sukanya
Published: August 2016

The South Asian region is positioned at the heart of enormous socio-politico-cultural transformations that are repeatedly captured by the rising rates of consumption, population, unemployment, aspiration, urbanization, inequality and conflict within the region. In this region, media plays an increasingly important role in propagating mass wakefulness by shaping public opinion day in and day out. The cultural significance and value attached to South Asian Media whether it's the print or audio visual media to the social and political life of people of the region presents itself for greater understanding of history of South Asian media including media culture, new technology and its impact on the regional politics and economics. This chapter intends to understand the dynamics behind the rise of social media, print media, audio visual media and film in these countries and how there is a cultural and social continuum that the media has to work with and employ in shaping public opinion within the South Asian region.