bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Ekstrak Kulit Bawang Merah Terhadap Daya Hambat Bakteri Aeromonas hidrophilla Penyebab Penyakit Pada Ikan Secara In Vitro
Authors: Pranata Andi Welly Wiliandhana , Swasta Ida Bagus Jelantik , Setiabudi Gede Iwan
Published: February 2025

Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila, yang umum ditemukan pada lingkungan perairan, merupakan bakteri Gram negatif yang sering menjadi patogen bagi ikan, menyebabkan penyakit seperti hemorrhagic septicemia atau Motile Aeromonas Septicemia (MAS) pada berbagai spesies ikan air tawar. Penelitian ini menyelidiki potensi antibakteri ekstrak kulit bawang merah (Allium cepa L.) yang diekstraksi menggunakan alkohol absolut 99% terhadap pertumbuhan Aeromonas hydrophila. Uji coba dilakukan dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak, yaitu 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25%, dengan tetrasiklin sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ekstrak kulit bawang merah mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila, yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat di sekitar media pertumbuhan. Rata-rata diameter zona hambat yang dihasilkan oleh ekstrak pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, dan 25% secara berurutan adalah 1,21 mm, 2,43 mm, 3,36 mm, 5,70 mm, dan 6,23 mm. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji One-way ANOVA dengan perangkat lunak SPSS menunjukkan nilai p (p-value) sebesar 0,000, yang mengindikasikan adanya perbedaan signifikan antar konsentrasi ekstrak kulit bawang merah. Oleh karena itu, uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) atau Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dilakukan sebagai uji lanjutan untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan spesifik antar perlakuan konsentrasi.
Village Program Strategy in Minimizing the Negative Impact of Online Gambling Influenced by Influencers on Mental Health and Finances in Simpang Empat Village
Authors: Fauzi Said Ihsan , Syahriza Rahmi , Suhairi Suhairi
Published: February 2025

Online gambling, influenced by social media influencers, has become a serious problem in many rural communities such as Simpang Empat Village. The impact of this gambling activity is not only limited to the economic aspect but is also significant in affecting the mental health of village residents. This research aims to identify program strategies that can be used by village governments to minimize the negative impacts of online gambling. The research method used was in-depth interviews with community leaders, village residents who were directly affected, and also social observers. Data was analyzed using a qualitative approach to describe different views and experiences regarding online gambling and the influence of influencers. The results highlight the importance of collaboration between village governments, and communities in developing sustainable solutions to combat online gambling and raise awareness of the risks associated with this activity. Online gambling has become a significant problem in many communities, including villages, with widespread economic and psychological impacts. It is hoped that this research can contribute to developing sustainable policies and intervention strategies to reduce the prevalence of online gambling and mitigate its impact on the mental health and finances of rural communities. By implementing appropriate program strategies, it is hoped that we will be able to create a safer and more supportive environment for economic development and mental well-being in Simpang Empat Village.
Improving the Skills of Reading Number Notation in Grade V Students of SDK Ngorabolo
Authors: Waju Maria Ermelinda , Dopo Ferdinandus Bate , Fikri Kanzul , Samino Sena Radya Iswara
Published: February 2025

The Independent Learning Independent Campus Program is a program launched by the Ministry of Education and Culture. Research and Technology Culture (Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology), which aims to improve the quality of education in various regions through the involvement of students as teachers by sending students to assigned schools. One of the main focuses of this program is to provide support to schools from elementary, junior high, and senior high schools, to develop students' basic skills, including reading number notation skills. In terms of improving the skills of reading number notation in grade 5 students, it is necessary to make efforts to improve students' competence in reading music notation. This study also aims to understand and be able to have an impact on students at SDK Ngorabolo, as well as improve their ability to read number notation. Using the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method. Data were collected through post-tests, class observations. The results of the study showed that the creative approach applied by students, such as the use of interactive media and simple tools, was able to increase students' learning motivation and understanding of number notation.
Impact and Bending Tests of Coconut Palm and Thorny Bamboo Laminated Beams for Wooden Ship Keel Construction
Authors: Ikramullah Firza , Safriwardy Ferri , Suryadi Suryadi , Putra Reza , Faisal Faisal , Masrullita Masrullita
Published: February 2025

Impact and bending tests were conducted on laminated beams made from coconut palm and thorny bamboo to evaluate their potential as alternative materials for wooden ship keels. The study compared the shock load and bending strength of laminated beams with three-layer variations (3, 5, and 7), arranged in a carvel pattern. Testing followed ASTM D6110-10 for impact and ASTM D143 for bending, with moisture content kept below 18% per BKI standards. Results showed that impact strength increased with more layers, from 0.144 J/mm² (3 layers) to 0.248 J/mm² (7 layers). Bending strength also improved, from 14.37 MPa (3 layers) to 38.32 MPa (7 layers). However, the materials fell into Strength Class IV-V under Indonesian Classification Board standards, making them unsuitable as solid wood alternatives for ship keels due to insufficient strength.
Application of Technology in the Social Studies Learning Process at the Elementary School Level: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Wau Maria Patrisia , Endu Elisantinia , Lulu Maria Julita , Odje Maria Stefania , Itu Maria Alexandra , Soro Viorentina Meo , Ngadha Christina , Tonda Fransiskus
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this research is to explore opportunities and challenges by incorporating and implementing technology in the social studies learning process at the elementary school level. In this research process, the application of qualitative methods and case study approaches is used. One of the goals is to identify the benefits and barriers and the extent to which teachers and students are coping with them. Data sources are taken by conducting interviews, observations, and interviews with teachers, and relevant documentation. Afterwards, the authors conclude that technology allows greater access to learning resources, supports interactive learning and cooperative learning, young students have knowledge about experiments, and many others. However, there are also several challenges in its implementation. These challenges include infrastructure and access to technology tools, training and partnership development for teachers, and digitalization imbalances that exacerbate educational imbalances. This research highlights the importance of appropriate strategies and policies in overcoming these challenges and provides recommendations in optimizing elementary school social studies learning technology. Thus, this research is also expected to be able to provide understanding and become one of the references in developing learning by using technology, especially in social studies learning.
The Political Dynamics of Korean-style Presidential Coalition Government
Authors:   Korean Association For Political And Diplomatic History, Lee Sun-Woo
Published: February 2025

This paper aims to empirically analyze the political dynamics from the “Three-Party Merger” in 1990 to the nomination of Kim Young-sam as the presidential candidate of the Democratic Liberal Party (DLP) in 1992 in South Korea, based on a consistent framework grounded in theoretical perspectives on inter-party (electoral) alliances and coalition governments under presidentialism. Through this analysis, this seeks to provide an answer to the question of why coalition governments are relatively less sustainable in presidential systems compared to parliamentary ones. The “Three-Party Merger” also inherently contained certain characteristics of an inter-party alliance accompanied by the ideological and policy alignment of a grand conservative alliance, as well as a coalition government based on this foundation. However, it was much more the result of strategic choices stemming from power-seeking motives, particularly for winning the next presidency, of the Democratic Justice Party, the Reunification Democratic Party, and the New Democratic Republican Party, and their leaders, Roh Tae-woo, Kim Young-sam, and Kim Jong-pil, primarily based on political regionalism. Therefore, the ruling DLP as a sort of inter-party alliance inevitably faced significant internal instability over which faction would secure the presidential candidacy for the next election, and consequently the party underwent a partial disintegration due to the defection of several key figures from the Minjung(former Democratic Justice Party) faction who failed to achieve its goal. This suggests that in a presidential system, in the absence of a multiparty system with distinct ideological and policy differences, even if a coalition government is formed once, it is highly likely to split again before the next presidential election.
VOLUME OF EXERCISE PERFORMED BY HEART FAILURE INPATIENTS UNDERGOING CARDIAC REHABILITATION – A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Delgado Bruno Miguel , Lopes Ivo , Rodrigues Fátima , Neto Célia , Pereira Ana Seixas , Novo André
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION: Heart Failure inpatients have a significant functional dependence, impairment of performance in activities of daily living and low exercise tolerance... The amount of Exercise is directly related to its benefits and the volume of exercise performed must be adjusted to safety issues. The aim of this study is to evaluate the volume of exercise performed and it’s relation with functional capacity and find a baseline volume level safe and effective.
METHODS: Quasi-experimental study involving 72 inpatients who performed an aerobic exercise training program. Volume of exercise was registered in terms of number of cycloergometer turns, meters walked, steps climbed and the total time exercising. Subjective perception of exertion was evaluated in every training session at beginning and in the end. Patients performed two 6-minute walking tests (6MWT).
RESULTS: 987 exercise sessions were performed. The majority of the patients were significant impaired: 81.9% are NYHA III and 73.6% present HFrEF.  Patients achieved lower levels of perceived exertion throughout the inhospital stay: 6 (±3) (admission) and 2(±2) (discharge). Patients who performed more volume of exercise walked a higher distance in the discharge 6MWT.
CONCLUSION: A bigger volume of aerobic exercise is related to a better improvement on functional outcomes. An average of more than 10 minutes per session seems to be more effective in terms of improvement of the functional capacity.
Обеспечение взрывобезопасности объектов хранения и переработки зерна на примере КУП «Горецкий элеватор»
Authors: Аушев Игорь Юрьевич , Иванистов Александр Сергеевич
Published: February 2025

Цель. Провести анализ взрывобезопасности процесса хранения и переработки зерна, определить характерные для данного объекта аварии и инциденты.
Методы. Общенаучные методы исследования: анализ и синтез, сравнение и обобщение.
Результаты. Определены основные причины взрывов на объектах хранения и переработки зерна.
Область применения исследований. Результаты работы могут быть использованы при подготовке специалистов в сфере предупреждения и ликвидации чрезвычайных ситуаций, промышленной безопасности, в ходе проведения пожарно-профилактических мероприятий.
Evaluating the Competencies of Incubation Firms by Using PCA with K-means Clustering Analysis
Authors: Bölükbaş Ufuk , Sönmez Mustafa , Tüylü Duygu , Güneri Ali Fuat
Published: February 2025

In this research, a survey consisting of 116 questions, 95 technical and 21 general, was prepared in order to analyse the entrepreneurial ecosystem as a result of the literature research on entrepreneurship. All questions were directed to the entrepreneurial firm officials participating in the research from different regions in Türkiye, and a statistical database was created from answers received. The survey consists of three sections: personal information of entrepreneur, information about entrepreneurial firm, and technical analysis section where the entrepreneur firm is evaluated. Within the scope of the research, a survey was applied to 304 incubation firms. Related dimensions in the questionnaire are used to evaluate the performance of the entrepreneurial firms based on the clusters. Cluster analysis is applied to the research data to evaluate and group the entrepreneur firms. The general entrepreneur profile in the research is obtained with basic statistical analyses and descriptive statistics; incubation firms are grouped according to their performances in terms of the determined variables with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and K-Means Cluster Analysis. The aim of the study is to statistically evaluate the competency levels and performance of entrepreneurial firms by comparing them in different clusters. All performance results are evaluated and firms are analysed based on the entrepreneurial ecosystems. The study purposes to analyse entrepreneurial firms by using K-means clustering with the PCA method. In the research, the competency evaluations of entrepreneurs are interpreted depending on the performance clusters. As a result of the analysis, performance clusters were evaluated over 8 clusters.
Transformação digital hospitalar: Implementação de um dashboard para gestão avançada em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI)
Authors: Souza Thalles Magno Freire de , Oliveira Laís Pereira de , Lira Neto Roberto Eider , Hékis Hélio Roberto
Published: February 2025

Diante do cenário desafiador das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), onde pacientes gravemente enfermos demandam cuidados altamente específicos, destaca-se a importância das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) para o aperfeiçoamento de processos e gestão eficaz de dados. Nesse contexto, a problemática reside nas potenciais dificuldades da gestão quanto aos Registros Eletrônicos em Saúde (EHRs), indicadores, protocolos, comunicação e recursos. Essa realidade ressalta a relevância da presente pesquisa no contexto internacional, destacando o atraso do Brasil em inovações na área da saúde. Além disso, há a necessidade de alinhamento com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) e a importância de harmonizar a temática com o planejamento estratégico organizacional, visando aprimorar a eficiência, a segurança, a qualidade e os resultados nos ambientes críticos de saúde. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa foi desenvolver um dashboard que integrasse indicadores para gestão avançada em UTI em um hospital privado no Rio Grande do Norte, acreditado pela Organização Nacional de Acreditação (ONA). Esta pesquisa adotou uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, caracterizando-se como aplicada, com objetivos descritivos e explicativos. Os métodos incluíram pesquisa-ação. O resultado possibilitou a análise dos dados das UTIs neonatal, adulto e pediátrica de 24 meses (2023 e 2024) presentes no dashboard, além da elaboração de um plano de replicabilidade. Esse progresso representou um marco substancial na transformação digital hospitalar, com o propósito de aprimorar a eficácia e a qualidade dos cuidados de saúde, além de possibilitar a implementação em outros hospitais.
Revitalisasi Perpustakaan sebagai Pusat Literasi di SDN Sukamulya 01
Authors: Mustika Maya , Fadillah Hanifah Tri Nur , Gymnastia Hanifa Najla , Ghessiani Luthfiannisa , Amaliyah Siska , Fasihah Tamamatunnisa Al , Ardheta Preztika Ayu
Published: February 2025

Program revitalisasi perpustakaan di SDN Sukamulya 01 bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas literasi dan pembelajaran siswa dengan menjadikan ruang perpustakaan lebih fungsional. Program ini dilaksanakan dari Mei hingga Juni 2024. Melalui tahapan yang terstruktur, program ini dimulai dengan koordinasi bersama pihak sekolah, pengumpulan donasi buku dan dana, serta pemetaan ruang perpustakaan yang tersedia. Renovasi fisik dengan pengecatan, pembersihan, dan penataan ulang koleksi buku agar lebih terorganisir dan relevan dengan kebutuhan siswa. Papan cita-cita dipasang untuk memotivasi siswa, sementara pelatihan pengelolaan perpustakaan diberikan kepada guru dan staf untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mereka dalam mengelola perpustakaan secara modern dan interaktif. Program ini berhasil menciptakan perpustakaan yang dinamis, mendukung perkembangan literasi, dan membangun budaya literasi di lingkungan sekolah. Keberhasilan revitalisasi ini juga diharapkan dapat berkelanjutan dengan melibatkan seluruh pihak sekolah dalam menjaga dan mengembangkan perpustakaan sebagai pusat belajar yang inspiratif.
Evaluation of Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer (ChatGPT) Performance in Answering Kidney Transplant Related Questions
Authors: Çolakoğlu Yunus , Ayten Ali , Sertkaya Çağlar , Toksal Kağan , Karadağ Serdar
Published: February 2025

Objective: Social media such as (Youtube, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etc.) and artificial
intelligence (AI) are applications that have become popular in recent years, they are the first
resources that patients turn to today. ChatGPT is an AI-powered language model developed by
OpenAI and its success on health problems are demonstrated by many studies. In this study, we
aimed to evaluate the adequacy of ChatGPT’s answers to questions about kidney transplantation.
Material and Methods: Frequently asked questions about kidney transplantation by patients on
health forums, websites and social media (YouTube, Instagram, Twitter) were analyzed. We also
analyzed the recommendation tables of the Kidney Transplantation section of the 2024 European
Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines. Those with strong recommendations were translated
into a question form. ChatGPT version 4o questions were asked and the answers were evaluated
by 3 urologists experienced in kidney transplantation.
Results: Of the 126 questions evaluated, 65 questions were continued after the exclusion criteria. 57
(87.6%) of the answers were correct and adequate. According to EAU Guideline recommendations,
77 questions were prepared. 64 (83.1%) of the questions were answered completely correctly. There
were no completely wrong answers in both frequently asked questions and questions adapted
from the EAU Guidelines. Reproducibility of the questions was 100%.
Conclusion: Our study confirms that ChatGPT is a reliable source for kidney transplantation. We
think that it will be a platform that both patients and their relatives and healthcare professionals
can frequently refer to in the future.
Clashing Legal Realities: A Comparative Analysis of Insolvency Tests in Australia and Indonesia's Bankruptcy Law
Authors: Riyanto R Benny , Arifin Ridwan , Fibrianti Nurul , Laryea Emmanual , Syahputra Bearlly Deo
Published: February 2025

This comparative study explores the insolvency test frameworks in Australia and Indonesia, focusing on the legal perspectives within their respective bankruptcy laws. In Australia, the insolvency test is governed by the Corporations Act 2001, which employs a dual approach: the balance sheet test, assessing whether liabilities exceed assets, and the cash flow test, evaluating a companyâ€™s ability to meet debts as they fall due. This combination aims to offer a comprehensive picture of a companyâ€™s financial health, facilitating early intervention to prevent insolvency. In contrast, Indonesiaâ€™s insolvency regime, regulated by the Insolvency and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations Law (UUPK), adopts a more creditor-centric approach, emphasizing the debtorâ€™s ability to meet debt obligations rather than focusing on asset-liability balances or cash flow. This disparity reflects differing legal frameworks and economic contexts, which in turn affect the efficiency and effectiveness of insolvency proceedings in each country. The study utilizes a comparative legal research approach, analyzing primary legal texts, case law, and secondary literature to examine the procedural differences, particularly in the initiation of bankruptcy claims and the protection of creditors' rights. It also explores how these divergent insolvency tests shape the resolution of financial distress, considering both legal and practical implications in the respective jurisdictions. The findings highlight key contrasts in how insolvency is defined and addressed, with Australia prioritizing preventative measures and a holistic view of financial health, while Indonesia's system places more emphasis on creditor protection and debt repayment capacity. The study concludes with recommendations aimed at improving alignment and efficacy within each legal framework, proposing adjustments that could enhance financial stability and optimize outcomes for stakeholders in both countries.
The Urgency of Supervision Institutions in Implementing Prisoners' Rights as an Effort to Restructure Criminal Execution Laws
Authors: Widyawati Anis , Maskur Muhammad Azil , Aisy Rohadhatul , Teeraphan Papontee , Setyanto Heru
Published: February 2025

This research explores the protective laws and enforcement of human rights in Indonesian correctional facilities, especially by observing systematic problems in exercising the ruling on prisoners' rights.Â  This study uses a juridical-empirical method based on analyzing legal sources with additional field research to cover what legal contents advocate for in what contexts more effectively. It analyzes primary legal materials,including relevant legislation and gathers empirical data throughinterviews and direct observations. This approach allows for an enhanced understanding of the interplay between legal theory and practice to evaluate the legal framework of prisoners' rights protection critically. The findings reveal significant legal gaps, particularly regarding the unclear constitutional arrangements regarding the separation of powers in the execution of sentences as well as the protection of prisoners' rights. These issue are notably prevalent in correctional institutions in Central Java, which has been the case that the enforcement mechanism has not been running optimally. The analysis identifies systematic violations of prisoners' rights stemming from structural weaknesses in the legal relationships between correctional institutions, courts, and other law enforcement entities. As outlined in the examination of statutory interpretation and legal principles throughout this study, legislative reform is also necessary to better protect prisoners' rights, particularly concerning clarification of institutional authority and improved oversight mechanisms. These findings highlight the necessity for legal harmonization between human rights standards and correctional practices to increase the integrity of the Indonesian criminal justice system.
Artificial Intelligence in Civil Justice: Comparative Legal Analysis and Practical Frameworks for Indonesia
Authors: Maskanah Ummi
Published: February 2025

The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology presents opportunities to improve the efficiency and accessibility of the judicial system in civil procedural law reform. Nonetheless, its execution in Indonesia continues to encounter numerous obstacles, including infrastructure, regulatory issues, and opposition from law enforcement agencies. This study seeks to examine the impact of AI on improving access to and efficacy of justice within the framework of civil procedural law reform in Indonesia. We employ the normative legal research method, which utilizes an approach to law and literature review, to determine the potential and challenges of integrating AI into Indonesia's judicial system. Research findings suggest that AI can accelerate the litigation process and improve the uniformity of court decisions based on precise facts. To ensure optimal use of AI, comprehensive regulatory reform is necessary, along with improvements in infrastructure and training for law enforcement personnel. The findings highlight the importance of formulating policies that promote openness and ethics in AI utilization to maintain fairness principles.
Single-cell RNA sequencing highlights the influence of innate and adaptive immune response mechanisms in psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Nielsen Melanie R. , Skougaard Marie , Drachmann Clara , Stisen Zara R. , Ditlev Sisse B. , Jessen Leon E. , Kristensen Lars Erik
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease displaying heterogeneous symptoms. However, the association between the clinical heterogeneity of PsA and disease immunopathogenesis remains poorly understood complicating diagnostic precision. A knowledge gap remains on whether it is possible to distinguish the clinical PsA phenotypes on the immune cellular level. The primary aim of the study was to explore the differences in gene expression profiles comparing PsA patients without cutaneous psoriasis (PsA-only) and PsA patients with cutaneous psoriasis (PsA/PsC). The secondary aim was to describe the transcriptional patterns in PsA patients compared with healthy controls.

Methods

The study applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) using the BD Rhapsody™ Single-Cell Analysis System to evaluate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 70 PsA patients and 10 healthy controls. Differential expression (DE) analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were applied to evaluate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched signaling pathways, respectively.

Results

The DE analysis and GSEA comparing PsA-only and PsA/PsC patients with healthy controls, respectively, revealed divergent results involving both innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, which might be associated with differences in the clinical phenotype. No DEGs were discovered in the direct comparison of PsA-only and PsA/PsC patients.

Discussion

The single-cell transcriptome profiling provided insight into the heterogeneity of PsA patients as the discovered DEGs and the GSEA did demonstrate differences in signaling associated with inflammation comparing PsA patients with and without cutaneous psoriasis.
Delegated disabling affects in partnership
Authors: Tröndle Judith
Published: February 2025

The social and cultural understanding of disability has indicated that it is primarily a consequence of attributional processes, idealized and generalized conceptions of ability, and structural discrimination. Assuming the validity of these conceptualizations, the focus shifts to relational dynamics that determine how and if disability is ‘felt.’ This study explores this relationality in the context of couples parenting a child with disabilities. Intersections of gender and disability associated with self-positioning as ‘special parents’ include specific affective couple arrangements. This study reports on a qualitative study using in-depth interviews with couples who were interviewed first together and then individually. The results indicate a subjectivation of couples as ‘special parents,’ which is difficult to reject and includes affective aspects as well as gendered inequalities in care. Disabling affects are delegated to and felt by the female partner, leading to affective inequalities in the partnership. The couple positions the mother as the one who ‘suffers,’ which is part of a well-known affective repertoire that is implied by ableism to feel. The theoretical implications of these empirical results will be discussed as twofold: first, as an entry point to understanding disability via affection—how to be affected by disability along intersected cultural attributions; and second, as a suggestion to bridge cognitive and behavioral approaches to emotion by elaborating on how disabling affects become felt and enacted in subjectivation and relation.
Real-Time Localization for an AMR Based on RTAB-MAP
Authors: Lin Chih-Jer , Peng Chao-Chung , Lu Si-Ying
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to develop a real-time localization system for an AMR (autonomous mobile robot), which utilizes the Robot Operating System (ROS) Noetic version in the Ubuntu 20.04 operating system. RTAB-MAP (Real-Time Appearance-Based Mapping) is employed for localization, integrating with an RGB-D camera and a 2D LiDAR for real-time localization and mapping. The navigation was performed using the A* algorithm for global path planning, combined with the Dynamic Window Approach (DWA) for local path planning. It enables the AMR to receive velocity control commands and complete the navigation task. RTAB-MAP is a graph-based visual SLAM method that combines closed-loop detection and the graph optimization algorithm. The maps built using these three methods were evaluated with RTAB-MAP localization and AMCL (Adaptive Monte Carlo Localization) in a high-similarity long corridor environment. For RTAB-MAP and AMCL methods, three map optimization methods, i.e., TORO (Tree-based Network Optimizer), g2o (General Graph Optimization), and GTSAM (Georgia Tech Smoothing and Mapping), were used for the graph optimization of the RTAB-MAP and AMCL methods. Finally, the TORO, g2o, and GTSAM methods were compared to test the accuracy of localization for a long corridor according to the RGB-D camera and the 2D LiDAR.
Selenium Yeast Alleviates Escherichia coli-Induced Endometritis in Goats Under High Cortisol Background
Authors: Yuan Changning , Li Hanqing , Zhang Min , Wang Zhihao , Dong Junsheng , Cui Luying , Guo Long , Liu Kangjun , Li Jianji , Wang Heng
Published: February 2025

During the postpartum period, domestic ruminants suffer elevated endogenous cortisol levels, which are associated with an increased risk of uterine infections. Selenium is a trace mineral nutrient with beneficial impacts on animals. The study aimed to investigate whether selenium yeast (SeY) could attenuate Escherichia coli (E. coli)-induced endometrial injury in goats with high cortisol background. Goats were examined after oral SeY administration for 21 days and were treated with glacial acetic acid, E. coli, and hydrocortisone to establish an endometritis model with high cortisol background. The results showed that endometrial injury caused by E. coli was aggravated under high cortisol background. Supplementation with SeY alleviated endometrial inflammation and serum LDH content. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and defensin beta 2 and the phosphorylation level of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-b (NF-κB) signaling pathways were decreased by SeY supplementation. Total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzymes activities were increased by SeY supplementation, but malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal content were decreased. Moreover, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2) in the nucleus, heme oxygenase-1, and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 were increased by SeY supplementation. So, supplementation with SeY alleviated E. coli-induced endometritis in goats by activating the NRF2 pathway and inhibiting the activation of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways under postpartum stress.
An Overview of Quantum Machine Learning Research in China
Authors: Li Luning , Zhang Xuchen , Cui Zhicheng , Xu Weiming , Xu Xuesen , Wang Jianyu , Shu Rong
Published: February 2025

Quantum machine learning (QML) is an emerging discipline that combines quantum computing and machine learning and is able to exhibit exponential superiority over classical machine learning regarding computing speed on specific problems. This article provides a comprehensive review of the QML research in China. The QML development in China is presented in terms of research ideas and tasks, and the algorithms and application fields are sorted out. We have also highlighted some typical creative studies and illuminated their innovation points. Furthermore, the current challenges and future prospects are discussed. This review may provide inspiration for both China’s and global QML-domain progress.
Analysis of Blasting Efficiency Using Crack-Inducing Holes and Pre-Splitting Method in Blasting
Authors: Yoo Ji-Wan , Lee Sean Seungwon
Published: February 2025

In an era of increased need for underground tunnel excavation to address growing urban population and traffic concerns, complaints resulting from blasting vibrations and the frequent execution of uneconomically inefficient blasting operations due to excessive overbreak have become more prevalent. Therefore, it is necessary to develop blasting methods that can reduce blasting vibrations and minimize overbreak. Various patterns of crack induction holes were placed between the presplitting holes to facilitate the formation of controlled pre-cracks to address the limitations of the presplitting blasting method in this study. The author conducted full-scale experimental blasting at a railway tunnel site and analyzed the blasting effects of the crack induction hole method and pre-splitting technique. As a result of the field test, the pre-formed cracks effectively attenuated vibrations generated in the cut blasting area, reducing blasting-induced vibrations by from 9.3% to 33.5%. Additionally, the amount of overbreak was decreased by from 17.9% to 20.2%. Therefore, the use of crack induction holes and pre-splitting blasting methods in underground tunnel blasting is expected to reduce overbreak, thereby lowering reinforcement costs and minimizing vibrations, preventing damage to adjacent structures. This is expected to enable economically and safely executed tunnel blasting operations both directly and indirectly.
Spatial and Channel Similarity-Aware Attention-Enhanced Network for Object Counting
Authors: Li Ran , Wu Chunlei , Lu Jing , Zhao Wenqi
Published: February 2025

Precise object counting is crucial in practical applications, finding extensive utility across numerous societal domains. In the context of few-shot object counting, variations in object angles can significantly alter the distribution and distinguishability of object feature points, thereby increasing the difficulty of feature extraction. To address these challenges, a spatial and channel similarity-aware attention-enhancement network for few-shot scenarios is introduced. The network employs slice convolution and attention mechanisms within the spatial and channel dimensions, respectively. Through such means, it effectively extracts object features from diverse angles, adeptly surmounting the challenges in feature extraction engendered by angular diversity. Specifically, the network introduces a spatial similarity-aware module, which performs multi-angle matching of support and query features in the spatial dimension to enhance the model’s feature extraction capabilities. Additionally, a channel attention enhancement module is incorporated to weight and enhance critical channel features, improving the network’s ability to handle diverse object angles. Comprehensive experiments carried out on TRANCOS, CARPK, PUCPR+ and UCSD datasets demonstrate that the proposed network exhibits excellent counting performance and robust generalization capabilities. It offers an effective approach for precise object counting tasks.
From Nearly Zero Water Buildings to Urban Water Communities: The Need to Define Parameters to Support the New Paradigms
Authors: Bona Sara , Silva-Afonso Armando , Gomes Ricardo , Pimentel-Rodrigues Carla , Rodrigues Fernanda
Published: February 2025

In the context of freshwater scarcity, effective water resource management is essential. This study explores techniques to optimise the use of local water sources and promote conservation, proposing a model to balance the supply and demand of non-potable water in urban environments. The model serves as an alternative or complement to public water supplies, particularly in drought-prone regions. Through a qualitative analysis of national and international regulations, specifications, and technical standards, this research identifies key trends in the use of alternative water sources and highlights knowledge gaps in urban water management, which are addressed through the proposed model. The study emphasises the transition from Nearly Zero Water Buildings (NZWBs) to Urban Water Communities (UWCs) as a sustainable and resilient solution, integrating decentralised water management approaches and resource recovery from wastewater. Additionally, a case study in a Portuguese urbanisation area illustrates the application of these principles and assesses their potential in real-world scenarios. The findings contribute to the development of comprehensive guidelines and public policies for sustainable urban water management, supporting the implementation of decentralised and integrated solutions that enhance resilience, water security, and resource efficiency.
The Influence of Overlying High-Speed Rail Dynamic Loads on the Stability of Shield Tunnel Faces During Excavation
Authors: Pang Yongkang , Lin Hang , Cao Ping , Meng Gang
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the stability of multilayer shield tunnels beneath high-speed railway bases, with a particular focus on the influence of dynamic loads induced by high-speed rail vibrations and shield thrust. A self-designed scale test apparatus was employed to simulate the effects of these dynamic loads on tunnel soil stability, face integrity, formation stress, deformation, and settlement. The experimental setup was specifically designed to accurately replicate the deformation characteristics of the tunnel face and surrounding strata under the combined influence of shield tunneling and high-speed rail loads. The reliability of the experimental results was validated through comparison with numerical simulations performed using FLAC3D software. The study underscores the effectiveness of integrating physical model tests with numerical simulations to predict the failure characteristics and ultimate support forces of tunnel faces under dynamic loading conditions. The findings provide novel insights into the deformation and failure mechanisms of tunnel faces during shield excavation, particularly under the influence of high-speed rail loads. This research establishes a robust methodological framework for assessing tunnel face stability and offers valuable guidance for the design and construction of shield tunnels in analogous geological and operational contexts.
Compact Multi-Channel Long-Wave Wideband Direction-Finding System and Direction-Finding Analysis for Different Modulation Signals
Authors: Lu Hangyu , Wang Shun , Xu Xin , Ji Yicai , Liu Xiaojun
Published: February 2025

This paper presents an optimized long-wave (10–300 kHz) wideband direction-finding system for scientific research. The antenna unit of the system comprises one vertical electric field sensor and two horizontal magnetic field sensors oriented in the north–south and east–west directions, respectively. The overall design prioritizes compactness, engineering feasibility, and ease of deployment, enabling the effective reception of long-wave radio signals within the 10–300 kHz range. The magnetic field sensitivity reaches 8fT/Hz@10kHz, while the electric field sensitivity achieves 3.2μV/m/Hz@10kHz. The overall sensitivity of the receiver is 1μV (300 Hz bandwidth, 10 dB signal-to-noise ratio). The synchronization accuracy of the system is within 10 ns. Theoretically, with a baseline length of 5 km and a signal incidence angle ranging from 9.9° to 170.1°, the direction finding error is less than 2°. Additionally, direction-finding methods for MSK and ASK modulated signals are analyzed. To evaluate the system’s actual performance, initial measurements were conducted in Qingdao, Shandong.
Modeling and Mathematical Analysis of Liquidity Risk Contagion in the Banking System Using an Optimal Control Approach
Authors: Fahim Said , Mourad Hamza , Lahby Mohamed
Published: February 2025

The study of contagion dynamics is a well-established domain within epidemiology, where the spread of infectious diseases is modeled and analyzed. In recent years, similar methodologies have been applied to the financial sector to understand and predict the propagation of risks within banking systems better. This paper examines the application of contagion models to assessing liquidity risk in the banking sector, leveraging optimal control theory to evaluate potential interventions by central banks. Using data from the largest European banks, we simulate the impact of central bank measures on liquidity risk. By employing optimal control techniques, we construct a model capable of simulating various scenarios to evaluate the effectiveness of policy interventions in mitigating financial contagion. Our approach provides a robust framework for analyzing the systemic risk propagation within the banking network, offering qualitative insights into the contagion mechanisms and their implications for the financial and macroeconomic landscape. The model simulates three distinct scenarios, with each representing varying levels of intervention and market conditions. The results demonstrate the model’s ability to capture the intricate interactions among major European banks, reflecting the complex realities of the financial system. These findings emphasize the critical role of central bank policies in maintaining financial stability and underscore the necessity of coordinated international efforts to manage systemic risks. This analysis contributes to a broader understanding of financial contagion, offering valuable insights for policymakers and financial institutions aiming to strengthen their resilience against future crises. The data used for the parameters are historical, which may not reflect recent changes in the banking system. The model could also be improved by incorporating non-financial factors, such as the behaviors of market actors. For future research, several improvements are possible. One improvement would be to make the bank interactions more dynamic to reflect rapid market changes better. It would also be interesting to add financial crisis scenarios to test the system’s resilience. Using more up-to-date data and incorporating new regulations would help refine the model. Finally, it would be relevant to examine the impact of external events, such as geopolitical crises, on the propagation of systemic risk. In conclusion, while the model is useful, there are several avenues for improving it and making it more suitable for our current realities.
Atmospheric Variability and Sea-Ice Changes in the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Gurjão Carlos Diego , Pezzi Luciano Ponzi , Parise Claudia Klose , Justino Flávio Barbosa , Carpenedo Camila Bertoletti , Schumacher Vanúcia , Comin Alcimoni
Published: February 2025

The Antarctic sea ice concentration (SIC) plays a crucial role in global climate dynamics by influencing atmospheric and oceanic circulation. This study examines SIC variability and its relationship with major climate modes, including the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific-South American (PSA) pattern, Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and Antarctic Dipole (ADP). Using NSIDC satellite-derived sea ice data and ERA5 reanalysis from 1980 to 2022, we analyzed SIC anomalies in the Weddell, Ross, and Bellingshausen and Amundsen (B&A) Seas, assessing their response to climatic forcings across different timescales. Our findings reveal strong linkages between SIC variability and large-scale atmospheric circulation. ENSO-related teleconnections drive a dipolar SIC response, with warming in the Pacific sector and cooling in the Atlantic during El Niño, and the opposite pattern during La Niña. PSA and ADP further modulate this response by altering Rossby wave propagation and heat fluxes, leading to significant SIC fluctuations. The ADP emerges as a dominant driver of interannual SIC anomalies, showing an out-of-phase relationship between the Atlantic and Pacific sectors of the Southern Ocean. Regional SIC trends exhibit contrasting patterns: the Ross Sea shows a significant positive SIC trend, while the B&A and Weddell Seas experience persistent negative anomalies due to enhanced meridional heat transport and stronger westerly winds. SAM strongly influences SIC, particularly in the Atlantic sector, with delayed responses of up to six months, likely due to ice-albedo feedbacks and ocean memory effects. These results enhance our understanding of Antarctic sea ice variability and its sensitivity to large-scale climate oscillations. Given the observed trends and ongoing climate change, further research is needed to assess how these processes will evolve under future warming scenarios. This study highlights the importance of continuous satellite observations and high-resolution climate modeling for improving projections of Antarctic sea ice behavior and its implications for the global climate system.
Involvement of RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway in Methamphetamine-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption
Authors: Hwang Jong Su , Vo Tam Thuy Lu , Kim Mikyung , Cha Eun Hye , Mun Kyo Cheol , Ha Eunyoung , Seo Ji Hae
Published: February 2025

Methamphetamine (METH) is a powerful addictive psychostimulant that gives rise to severe abusers worldwide. While many studies have reported on the neurotoxicity of METH, blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction has recently attracted attention as an essential target in METH-induced pathological changes in the brain. However, its mechanism has not been fully understood. We found that METH increased paracellular permeability and decreased vascular integrity through FITC–dextran and trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay in primary human brain endothelial cells (HBMECs). Also, redistribution of tight junction proteins (zonula occluden-1 and claudin-5) and reorganization of F-actin cytoskeleton were observed in METH-exposed HBMECs. To determine the mechanism of METH-induced BBB disruption, the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway was examined in METH-treated HBMECs. METH-activated RhoA, followed by an increase in the phosphorylation of downstream effectors, myosin light chain (MLC) and cofilin, occurs in HBMECs. Pretreatment with ROCK inhibitors Y-27632 and fasudil reduced the METH-induced increase in phosphorylation of MLC and cofilin, preventing METH-induced redistribution of junction proteins and F-actin cytoskeletal reorganization. Moreover, METH-induced BBB leakage was alleviated by ROCK inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that METH induces BBB dysfunction by activating the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway, which results in the redistribution of junction proteins via F-actin cytoskeletal reorganization.