bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI LINGKUNGAN MARGALUYU KELURAHAN CICURUG
Authors: Sulistiyorini Nur Rahmawati , Darwis Rudi Saprudin , Gutama Arie Surya
Published: June 2018

Produksi sampah setiap hari semakin meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah produk dan pola konsumsi masyarakat. Hal yang harus dilakukan untuk mengatasi paningkatan volume sampah tersebut adalah dengan cara: mengurangi volume sampah dari sumbernya melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat. Permasalahan dalam partispasi masyarakat mengenai pengelolaan sampah adalah apa saja bentuk regulasi yang terkait dengan pengelolaan sampah di Lingkungan Margaluyu, bagaimanakah bentuk partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah dan tngkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan sampah. Penelitian tentang pengelolaan sampah berbasis partisipasi masyarakat di Lingkungan Margaluyu Kelurahan Cicurug, Tujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan bentuk partisipasi masyarakat di Lingkungan Margaluyu. (2) mendeskripsikan tingkat partisipasi masyrakat di Lingkungan Margaluyu Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, salah satu bentuk peran serta masyarakat dalam upaya perbaikan lingkungan yaitu dengan memberikan sumbangan tenaga berupa kerja bakti dan ikut serta dalam pengelolaan sampah. Selain itu, mereka juga mengadakan pertemuan warga yang dilakukan satu kali dalam sebulan, yang dihadiri oleh sebagian warga untuk tingkat RW dan seluruh warga untuk tingkat RT. Dalam hal ini tingkat RT cenderung berbentuk partisipasi langsung sedangkan tingkat RW berbentuk partisipasi tak langsung. Warga melakukan kegiatan tersebut tanpa merasa terpaksa sama sekali. Tingkat peran serta masyarakat yang terjadi di Lingkungan Margaluyu Kelurahan Cicurug menurut kategori sedang, masyarakat ikut serta partisipasi akan tetapi pelaksanaanya masih belum maksimal.
DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP ANAK JALANAN DI RUMAH SINGGAH
Authors: Anandar Rivanlee , Wibhawa Budhi , Wibowo Hery
Published: June 2018

Berbagai perubahan terjadi pada anak jalanan di rumah singgah, baik perubahan yang berhubungan dengan kondisi fisik maupun berhubungan dengan kondisi lingkungan. Perubahanperubahan yang terjadi pada anak jalanan dipengaruhi oleh apa yang mereka terima di rumah singgah. Perubahan masa dari yang sepenuhnya di jalan sampai sebagian di panti tentu tak mudah bagi anak jalanan, tak heran jika beberapa anak mengalami kejenuhan atau stress saat di rumah singgah.Untuk mengatasi dan menyesuaikan diri dengan berbagai perubahan tersebut, anak jalanan di rumah singgah membutuhkan dukungan dari orang-orang di sekitarnya. Dukungan ini yang disebut dukungan sosial, dan orang-orang yang memberi dukungan disebut sumber dukungan.Studi kepustakaan menyatakan bahwa dukungan sosial akan dapat membantu mencegah efek negatif karena adanya stress apabila terjadi kesesuaian antara harapan dan penerimaan dukungan sosial bagi individu, penerima dukungan. Demikian pula dukungan sosial dari staf serta lingkungan rumah singgah akan dapat mencegah efek negatif karena keterkejutan budaya pada anak yang biasa di jalanan. Oleh karena itu, peneliti merasa penelitian ini penting disamping untuk sumbangan perbaikan pada program yang diberikan lembaga juga diharapkan penelitian ini dapat memberi ide tentang pemberian dukungan sosial di lembaga lain.Pada penelitian ini juga hendak diteliti hambatan serta faktor pendukung pemberian dukungan sosial yang ada di lembaga. Hal ini dilakukan karena persepsi individu, penerima dukungan, sebelumnya berada dalam lingkungan yang beda dan jauh dari dukungan sosial yang membuat dirinya baik.
PENGELOLAAN HUTAN BERSAMA MASYARAKAT DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF ASSETS BASED COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Utami Nisa Nimah
Published: June 2018

Penelitian ini menganalisa mengenai Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) melalui kegiatan pembinaan masyarakat ditinjau dari perspektif Asset Based Commmunity Development. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Pulosari Kecamatan Pangalengan Kabupaten Bandung Selatan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan pelaksanaan PHBM dan pemanfaatan aset yaitu kapital manusia, kapital sosial, kapital fisik, kapital keuangan, dan kapital lingkungan dalam suatu program.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap perwakilan masyarakat desa hutan diantaranya Lembaga Masyarakat Desa Hutan, Kelompok Tani Hutan, Koperasi, dan Perum Perhutani. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa semua tahapan dalam pembinaan masyarakat berupa sosialisasi, dialog, negosiasi, aspek legal, pelaksanaan, monitoring dan evaluasi serta rencana tindak lanjut telah dilaksanakan. Demikian pula dengan PHBM melalui kegiatan pembinaan masyarakat telah sesuai dilaksanakan sesuai pengembangan masyarakat berbasis aset. Dimana kapital manusia, sosial, fisik, keuangan dan lingkungan telah dimanfaatkan pada setiap tahapan pembinaan masyarakat desa hutan. Adapun kelemahan berupa kurangnya partisipasi secara aktif dari anggota dan rendahnya kualitas sumber daya manusia belum ditangani secara baik.Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya upaya peningkatan kapasitas koperasi masyarakat desa hutan untuk mengatasi masalah dalam kegiatan pembinaan masyarakat desa hutan di desa Pulosari. Hal ini termasuk peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap, dan keterampilan dari para anggota kelompok tani hutan sehingga mereka dapat memiliki tingkat partisipasi yang tinggi dan peningkatan strategi komunikasi antar para pemangku kepentingan. Upaya ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan PHBM dalam kegiatan pembinaan masyarakat desa hutan serta pemanfaatan keseluruhan aset secara optimal.
PERAN PEKERJA SOSIAL DALAM PENANGANAN ANAK AUTIS
Authors: S Dessy Hasanah , Santoso Meilanny Budiarti , Rachmasari Yessi
Published: June 2018

ABSTRAKAutisme adalah salah satu kelainan psikologis dan perkembangan yang dialami oleh anak. Perkembangan yang dimaksud bukan secara fisik namun lebih kepada kemampuan untuk berkomunikasi, bersosialisasi sekaligus perilaku. Gejala autis yang sangat menonjol adalah sikap anak yang cenderung tidak mempedulikan lingkungan dan orang-orang di sekitarnya, seolah menolak berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi, serta seakan hidup dalam dunianya sendiri. Penanganan yang intensif dan terpadu untuk anak autis disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan anak agar pelaksanaanya dapat memberikan hasil yang maksimal. Suatu layanan yang diberikan bagi anak autis harus disesuaikan dengan metode yang tepat sehingga dapat di terapkan secara langsung. Upaya untuk menyikapi permasalahan tersebut. Sehingga, dibutuhkan penanganan untuk anak autis yaitu peran dari professional yang terlibat. Dalam penanganan anak autis dibutuhkan profesi yang memiliki keterampilan dan pengetahuan di bidangnya. Salah satunya yaitu peran dari pekerja sosial dan profesi lainnya yang berkolaborasi dengan pekerja sosial, Pekerja sosial dalam upaya penanganan anak autis dapat melakukan assessment dan intervensi terhadap permasalahan anak autis tersebut dengan menggunakan pendekatan secara holistic dengan lingkungan sosialnya dan dengan pendekatan biopsikosial. Peran pekerja sosial juga bersama-sama dengan keluarga anak autis tersebut dapat memberikan dukungan sosial dan memotivasi anak dengan gangguan autis tersebut.ABSTRACTAutism is one of the psychological and developmental disorders experienced by children. The development is not physical, but rather the ability to communicate, socialize well as behavior. Symptoms of autism that really stood out was the attitude of children who tend not to care about the environment and the people around him, as if refusing to communicate and interact, as well as living in his own world. Handling intensive and integrated for children with autism tailored to the needs of children so that implementation can provide maximum results. A service provided for children with autism should be tailored to the exact method that can be applied directly. Efforts to address these problems. Thus, needed treatment for children with autism is the role of the professionals involved. In the treatment of autistic children who have the necessary professional skills and knowledge in the field. One of them is the role of social workers and other professionals who collaborate with social workers, social workers in handling children with autism can do an assessment and intervention for children with autism are problems with using a holistic approach with the social environment and the biopsikosial approach. The role of social workers also together with families of children with autism can provide social support and motivate the children with autistic disorder.
KEADAAN PEMENUHAN HAK PENDIDIKAN ANAK REMAJA PASCA REUNIFIKASI
Authors: Apsari Nurliana Cipta , Nurwati R. Nunung
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACTFamily is the first and utmost place for child rights fulfilment. Commonly, family is the place to guarantee the development and child rights fulfilment, however, many children are being placed in orphanages in order for the children to acquire their rights of education. Children reside in orphanages are vulnerable of discrimination. In order to protect the vulnerable children, Save the Children with its program of Child and Family Support Center (PDAK) returning children residing in orphanages into their families, known as reunification, to receive family based care and still acquiring their rights including rights of education. Sequential mixed of quantitative and qualitative approach is used in this research. Data is collected from children and parents involved with reunification process and child care. The focus of this research is the fulfillment of child rights to develop and survival, mainly rights of education.The result shows that after reunification, one youth is not pursuing his study and decided to work because his father could not afford the educational expenses. The result also found that although the parents are economically deprived, but no youth have return to orphanages to receive institution based care. The research found strength of parent and resiliency of children thus keeping the children reside in their family and receive family based care. The strength of parent and child resilience exists because of social work support through case management model of PDAK Save the Children. The social workers have assisted the parents to gain access needed in order for them to fulfill the child rights. The social workers also assist and provide understanding to the children about their parents’ condition which then resulting in child resilience. Case management model serves as model for direct services for children and their families in keeping the continuity of family based care received by children after reunification. With this model, service providers will be able to synergized the policies and programs of social insurance planned and implemented by the government thus overcoming the limited access of parents to fulfill their children’s rights.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PADA REMAJA AKHIR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE REALTY THERAPY
Authors: Krisnani Hetty , Farakhiyah Rachel
Published: June 2018

Usia remaja identik dengan kecerobohan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Seorang individu yang berada dalam masa remaja ini cenderung memiliki emosi yang belum stabil yang akhirnya mudah dipengaruhi oleh hal-hal internal dan eksternal dalam proses pengambilan keputusan. Pengambilan keputusan merupakan suatu proses yang melibatkan berbagai pertimbangan dan pertentangan yang terjadi sehingga terlihat dilematis di dalam diri individu untuk mengambil keputusan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji secara lebih mendalam kefektifan penggunaan metode Reality Therapy dalam meningkatkan kemampuan seorang individu dalam menentukan suatu pilihan pemecahan masalah. Subjek penelitian adalah seorang remaja yang berusia 18 tahun dan merupakan anak asuh dalam salah satu panti asuhan di daerah Jatinangor. Metode yang diggunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan sesi pendampingan selama beberapa minggu dan menggunakan pendekatan terapi realitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penggunaan metode Reality Therapy sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan penentuan pilihan pemecahan masalah pada seorang remaja. Dengan menggunakan metode Reality Therapy seorang remaja terbukti mampu menghilangkan kebingungannya dalam penentuan pemecahan masalah dan akhirnya dia dapat menentukan solusi yang tepat dalam mengatasi permasalahannya.
¿Cómo llamarle a lo que tiene muchos nombres? ¿Bullying, violencia de género, homofobia o discriminación contra personas LGBTI?
Authors: Ruiz Utrilla Arturo Gerardo , Evangelista García Angélica Aremy , Xolocotzi Yáñez Ángel
Published: June 2018

En el marco de una investigación sobre violencia que experimentan estudiantes LGBTI en contextos universitarios, se hace evidente que existe una gama de categorías conceptuales que se han utilizado para abordar este fenómeno: bullying homofóbico, violencia de género, homofobia u homodiscriminación. Ante esta ambigüedad y ante la necesidad de definir un marco conceptual que guíe el diseño de la investigación, se genera la presente discusión centrada en el problema de la definición teórica conceptual del fenómeno. A partir del resultado de este análisis, se propone una nueva categoría, así como su estructura fenomenológica: LGBTI-discriminación. Se concluye con la propuesta de una agenda de análisis para la construcción de una categoría teórica con mayor alcance de integración y sistematicidad.
MOET’S THREE PILOT ENGLISH LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIONAL CURRICULA FOR SCHOOLS IN VIETNAM: RATIONALE, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Van Hoang Van
Published: June 2018

In this paper, Ministry of Education and Training (MoET)’s three pilot English language communicational curricula for schools in Vietnam will be discussed. In doing so, we will organize the article into four main parts. Part 1 states the reason for the choice of the topic. Part 2 examines the rationale for the development of MoET’s three pilot English language communicational curricula for schools in Vietnam. Part 3 is the focus of the article. In this part, we will frst provide an overview of Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Teaching, Teaching, Assessment (CEFR) and Threshold Level English – two important studies that have laid theoretical grounds for the development of the three pilot English language communicational curricula for schools in Vietnam. Then we will describe in some detail the design of MoET’s three pilot English language communicational curricula for schools in Vietnam and discuss their trial implementation, highlighting the achievements and the problems encountered during the implementation process. In the fnal section, after summarizing the contents discussed, we will recommend the integration of MoET’s three pilot English language communicational curricula for schools in Vietnam into a single text presumably called English Curriculum for Schools in Vietnam and propose some recommendations on what should be done to overcome the problems before putting the Curriculum into use throughout Vietnam.
Blinded Predictions of Standard Binding Free Energies: Lessons Learned from the SAMPL6 Challenge
Authors: Papadourakis Michail , Bosisio Stefano , Michel Julien
Published: June 2018

In the context of the SAMPL6 challenges, series of blinded predictions of standard binding free energies were made with the SOMD software for a dataset of 27 host-guest systems featuring two octa-acids hosts (OA and TEMOA) and a cucuribituril ring (CB8) host. Three different models were used, ModelA computes the free energy of binding based on a double annihilation technique; ModelB additionally takes into account long-range dispersion and standard state corrections; ModelC additionally introduces an empirical correction term derived from a regression analysis of SAMPL5 predictions previously made with SOMD. The performance of each model was evaluated with two different setups; buffer explicitly matches the ionic strength from the binding assays, whereas no-buffer merely neutralizes the host-guest net charge with counter-ions. ModelC/no-buffer shows the lowest mean-unsigned error for the overall dataset (MUE 1.29 < 1.39 < 1.50 kcal mol-1, 95% CI), while explicit modelling of the buffer improves significantly results for the CB8 host only. Correlation with experimental data ranges from excellent for the host TEMOA (R2 0.91 < 0.94 < 0.96), to poor for CB8 (R2 0.04 < 0.12 < 0.23). Further investigations indicate a pronounced dependence of the binding free energies on the modelled ionic strength, and variable reproducibility of the binding free energies between different simulation packages.
Vietnam Maritime Archaeology Project 2018
Authors: Mochtar Agni Sesaria , Sankhaprasit Pornnatcha , Dagaas Jonnah Marie , Tep Sokha
Published: June 2018

This essay is a compilation of photographs from the Vietnam Maritime Archaeology Project (VMAP) 2018. From 26 January to 11 February 2018, four students/professionals from Southeast Asian countries joined VMAP funded by the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional Centre for Archaeology and Fine Arts (SEAMEO SPAFA). They were Agni Mochtar (Flinders University/Indonesia), Jonnah Marie Dagaas (University of the Philippines), Pornnatcha Sankhaprasit (Underwater Archaeology Division/Thailand), and Tep Sokha (Department of Archaeology and Prehistory/Cambodia). VMAP’s first project was in 2008 and this year the field school was a joint project with Flinders University. The fieldwork took place in two of the World Heritage Sites in Vietnam, Huế Imperial City and Hội An Ancient Town, and in the Marine Protected Area at Cù Lao Chàm. The four participants worked in international groups with other trainees to learn about maritime archaeology in Vietnam through a combination of terrestrial and maritime-based activities. These activities included marine geophysics training (side scan sonar survey), a diving project, a cannon-recording project, and a traditional boat-recording project.
Antifungal piperamides from Piper mollicomum Kunth (Piperaceae)
Authors: Da Silva Herlle Aparecido , Yamaguchi Lydia Fumiko , Young Maria Cláudia Marx , Ramos Clécio Souza , Amorim André Márcio Araújo , Kato Massuo Jorge , Batista Ronan
Published: June 2018

The phytochemical study on dichlorometane extracts of leaves, stem and roots of Piper mollicomum Kunth (Piperaceae) led to isolation of the known piperamides tembamide (1), (R)-(-)-tembamide acetate (2) and riparin I (3). Compounds 1 and 2 displayed moderate in vitro antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides (5.0 μg) and Cladosporium sphaerospermum (1.0 μg) by direct bioautographic analyses and compound 3 was inactive up to 100.0 μg.
Removal of textile dye by adsortion on the cake as solid waste from the press-extraction of the macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) kernel oil
Authors: Caldeira Alice Santos , Fabris José Domingos , Nelson David Lee , Damasceno Sandra Matias
Published: June 2018

The textile industries face difficulties in removing dyes from the liquid effluent, even after what is thought to be conventional cleaning treatments. The use of adsorbents to retain dyes in textile effluents has been showing to be a simple and promisingly efficient method. The objective of this research was to test the macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) kernel cake as adsorbent to remove Remazol Brilliant Blue dye in batch adsorption tests. The obtained adsorption kinetic data at equilibrium were modeled by assuming both the Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherms. The values were better fitted with the Langmuir model (R2 = 0.983), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 3.5 mg g-1 monolayer. This essay showed that the macaúba cake is an effective adsorbent to remove Remazol Brilliant Blue textile dye and it is a good alternative for treatment of textile liquid effluents.
AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT IN EFL TEACHING AND LEARNING
Authors: Herdiawan Rama Dwika
Published: June 2018

The assessment has been regarded as the crucial element in instructional process which involeved the teacher and students ini it. In addition, it requires a number of aspects which are concerned on authenticity of how students do the task performatively. Therefore, authentic assessment is necessarily selected in order to reach the goal or objectives of teaching and learning process which focused on real-world tasks. The five dimensional framework proposed by Gulikers et.al (2004) need to be employed inside the implementation of authentic assessment which covers at least: tasks, physical context, social context, result or form, and criteria. The framework represents how the students are assesses authentically as well performatively in order that there are innovative product and also perfomance created by the students particularly. Beacuse authenticity is crucially needed to model of assessment recently and it also represents the authentic outcomes that are totally obtained in the teaching and learning process. Authentic assessment is a new assessment paradigm which contributesto significant alternative towards the existence of traditional assessment practices which are still used by most of the teachers in any levels. Regarding the paradigm, assessment is a process which supports as well as improve students’ learning (focuses on enhancing their cognitive skills) instead of only assessing the teaching and learning process.
Presentation – Practice – Production (PPP) Method: An Alternative Method Used in Enhancing student’s Vocabulary Mastery
Authors: Hamdani Zohri , Amrizal Amrizal
Published: June 2018

The purposes of the study were to describe application of PPP method in teaching vocabulary at University of Muhammadiyah Lampung, especially General lesson in Islamic Education and to know the result of students’ vocabularies achievement after teaching by using PPP method. The population of study was University of Muhammadiyah Lampung, especially General lesson in Islamic Education. And there were thirty students as sample. The data of collecting method used documentation and test. The analysis data used mean of average. The students’ mastery of vocabularies has improved after PPP method was given. It was supported by the significant different result of the standard score that has been taken from the English teacher, mean was lower 59.5 than the last score in action research, mean was 72.5. The following suggestions are offered. First, the use of a PPP Method should be maintained frequently and recommended to the English teacher, especially to teach children around 7-10 in order to attract their motivation in learning English to be more interested. Second, a teacher should be clever in creating a contusive situation; try to apply other teaching strategies so that the class becomes alive. Hopefully, there would be further studies on teaching English using PPP Method.
Vocabulary Analogy as Instructional in Enhancing Reading Comprehension
Authors: Fajrianor Fajrianor
Published: June 2018

This research was designed to find out the effects of vocabulary analogy to reading comprehension of seventh grade students of State Junior High School 9, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Specifically it sought to answer the following questions: 1) How is the effects in reading comprehension of the students taught with  Vocabulary  Analogy  or  without  vocabulary  analogy?  2)  Is  there  a significant difference in the reading comprehension between the control and experimental groups based on the pre-test and post-test results? A test was conducted for control and experimental groups before and after the treatment process. T-test was computed to reveal whether there was a significant  difference in  the pre-test  and post-test results of the control and experimental groups. Findings of the research were: 1) The use of vocabulary analogy improved students’ reading comprehension 2) The computed T value based from the results of pre-test in the control and experimental groups is 0.130,  lower  than  T  tabular  value  of  1.996.  This  result  accepts  the  null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in the results of pre-test of control and experimental groups. Moreover, treatments were given to control and experimental groups after the pre-test, control group was taught without vocabulary analogy and experimental group was taught with vocabulary analogy before the post-test for each group. The computed T value in the post-test of the control and experimental groups is 11.15, higher than T tabular value of 1.996 at5% level significance. This result rejects the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in the results of pre-test and post-test of control and experimental groups. Based on findings, the following conclusions were drawn: 1) The use of vocabulary  analogy  had  significantly  influenced  students’  reading comprehension particularly of the experimental group 2) There is significant difference in the post-test results of the control and experimental groups. Null hypothesis was rejected since the computed T value was higher than the T tabular value.
The Use Of K-W-L (Know-Want-Learn) Strategy to Improve Students’ Reading Skill in Descriptive Text for the Eighth Grade Students of SMPN 1 Pecangaan Jepara in Academic Year of 2017/2018
Authors: Kusumaningrum Indah , Widiyanto Muhammad Wahyu
Published: June 2018

The objectives of the research are: (1) to find out the students’ reading skill taught by using K-W-L strategy, (2).to find out the students’ reading skill taught without by using K-W-L strategy, (3) to find out the significant difference on the students’ reading skill taught by using K-W-L strategy and taught without by using K-W-L strategy. This type of the research was quantitative research. The research design applied by the researcher was quasi experimental. The population of this research was all of eighth grade students in SMP N 1 Pecangaan Jepara in the academic year 2017/2018. The samples of this study were class VIIIAconsists 32 students and VIIIB consists 32 students. The instrument used to collect the data was a test that contents 30 multiple choice test. All of students are given pre-test and post-test for each group. The result of this research shows that (1) the students’ reading skill taught by using K-W-L strategy in criteria as good. It shown by the mean of post-test was 86.22, (2) the students’ reading skill taught without by using K-W-L strategy in criteria as adequate. It shown by the mean of post-test was 75.91, and (3) thus, the difference between the students’ reading skill taught with and without using K-W-L strategy was significant. It can be seen in the result t-test score was 8.73 with t-table significance 5% it was 1.67.The result of the t-test was higher than t-table. So, there is a significant difference between improving students’ reading skill taught with and taught without by using K-W-L strategy. It means that the students taught by using K-W-L strategy were better than the students taught without by using K-W-L strategy. From the research above, the researcher suggests that to improve the students’ reading skill by using K-W-L strategy, the students have to read a lot of reading texts, and try to comprehend the text. For the teacher, it would be better if the teacher can apply the strategies of teaching reading, especially for reading skill as a facilitator, motivator, and administrator.
Exploring Interval Graphs of Rare Diseases in Retrospective Analysis of Outpatient Records
Authors: Boytcheva Svetla
Published: June 2018

This paper deals with investigation of complex temporal relations between some rare disorders. It proposes an interval graphs approach combined with data mining for patient history pattern mining. The processed data are enriched with context information. Some text mining tools extract entities from free text and deliver additional attributes beyond the structured information about the patients. The test corpora contain pseudonymised reimbursement requests submitted to the Bulgarian National Health Insurance Fund in 2010-2015 for more than 5 million citizens yearly. Experiments were run on 2 data collections. Findings in these two collections are discussed on the basis of comparison between patients with and without rare disorders. Exploration of complex relations in rare-disease data can support analyzes of small size patient pools and assist clinical decision making.
Consolidated mathematical growth Model of Breast Cancer CoMBreC
Authors: Tyuryumina Ella
Published: June 2018

This paper is devoted to mathematical modelling of the progression considering stages of breast cancer. Given the relation between primary tumor (PT) and metastases (MTS), the problem of discovering breast cancer (BC) process seems to be twofold: firstly, it is im- portant to describe the whole natural history of BC to understand the process as a whole; secondly, it is necessary to predict the period of a clinical MTS manifestation. In order to understand growth processes of BC on each stage CoMBreC was proposed as a new research tool. The CoMBreC is threefold: CoMPaS (stages I-II), CoM-III (stage III) and CoM-IV (stage IV). A new model rests on exponential growth model and complementing formulas. For the first time, it allows us to calculate different growth periods of PT and MTS in patients with/without lymph nodes MTS: 1) non-visible period for PT; 2) non- visible period for MTS; 3) visible period for MTS. Calculations via CoMBreC correspond to survival data considering stage of BC. It may help to improve predicting accuracy of BC process using an original mathematical model referred to CoMBreC and corresponding software. Consequently, thesis concentrated on: 1) modelling the whole natural history of PT and MTS in patients with/without lymph nodes MTS; 2) developing adequate and precise CoMBreC that reflects relations between PT and MTS; 3) analysing the CoMBreC scope of application. The CoMBreC was implemented to iOS application as a new predictive tool: 1) is a solid foundation to develop future studies of BC models; 2) does not require any expensive diagnostic tests; 3) is the first predictor of survival in breast cancer that makes forecast using only current patient data.
La jurisprudence de la Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples: entre particularisme et universalité
Authors: Ondo Télesphore
Published: June 2018

RÉSUMÉ: La Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples (Cour africaine) constitue, avec la Commission africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples (Commission africaine), le système africain de protection des droits de l’homme. C’est dans ce cadre qu’elle exerce ses fonctions consultative et contentieuse à l’égard des Etats Parties et peut recevoir des requêtes émanant de la Commission africaine, des individus et des organisations non gouvernementales introduites contre les Etats ayant accepté sa compétence. L’exercice par la Cour de son office laisse apparaître une construction ambivalente du droit africain des droits de l’homme. Cette construction se caractérise d’une part, par le développement d’une jurisprudence relativement originale qui met en exergue, non seulement la constitutionnalisation et la socialisation, mais aussi l’humanisation et la moralisation du droit africain. Elle est marquée, d’autre part, compte tenu du caractère embryonnaire du droit africain des droits de l’homme, par la mise en relief de ce droit considéré comme le relais régional de l’universalisme du droit des droits de l’homme, dans ses dimensions procédurale et matérielle.

 

TITLE AND ABSTRACT IN ENGLISH: The jurisprudence of the African Court of Human and Peoples’ Rights: between particularism and universality ABSTRACT: The African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Court), together with the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights (African Commission), make up the African system for the protection of human rights. It is within this framework that the African Court exercises its advisory and contentious jurisdictions in respect of State parties. The Court may receive applications from the African Commission, individuals and non-governmental organisations against States that have accepted its jurisdiction. The Court’s implementation of its missions reveals an ambivalence in the interpretation of African human rights law. This ambivalence is characterised by, on the one hand, the development of a relatively original jurisprudence which highlights not only the constitutionalisation and socialisation, but also the humanisation and moralisation of African law and, on the other hand, in view of the burgeoning nature of African human rights law, by shedding light on that law, which is considered as the regional relay of universalism of human rights law, in its procedural and material dimensions.
The relevance of substantive equality in the African regional human rights system’s jurisprudence to women’s land and property rights
Authors: Chekera-Radu Yolanda Tarisayi
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT: Over the last 15 years there have been concerted efforts to put in place frameworks on the protection of women’s land and property rights both at the international and domestic levels. Despite the proliferation of these instruments and their supposed recognition across the African continent, the actual realisation and enjoyment of these rights by women is still scant. Systemic and systematic violations of women’s rights persist. Such a state of affairs where the recognition of WLPR exists alongside violations of the protected rights points to the widely accepted fact that the realisation of WLPR cannot solely be achieved through the enactment of laws and policies that address the direct discrimination. From a legal perspective, there is need for jurisprudence that comprehensively outlines the content of rights and state obligations. In order to be fully conscious of the various limitations and challenges that exist towards the realisation of WLPR, bodies of the African human rights system have to use a substantive lens to interpret and apply equality and non-discrimination in such cases. That way the rights of women to land and property on the African continent may be guaranteed and protected.

 

TITRE ET RÉSUMÉ EN FRANÇAIS: La pertinence de l’égalité réelle dans la jurisprudence du système régional africain des droits de l’homme pour les droits fonciers et de propriété des femmes RÉSUMÉ: Au cours des 15 dernières années, des efforts concertés ont été déployés pour mettre en place des cadres nationaux et internationaux relatifs à la protection des droits fonciers et de propriété des femmes. Malgré la prolifération de ces instruments et leur supposée reconnaissance à travers le continent africain, la réalisation et la jouissance réelles de ces droits par les femmes sont encore rares. Les violations systémiques et systématiques des droits des femmes persistent. Un tel état de choses, où la reconnaissance des droits fonciers et de propriété des femmes existe en même temps que les violations des droits protégés, indique que la réalisation de ces droits ne peut être atteinte par la seule promulgation de lois et politiques traitant de la discrimination directe. D’un point de vue juridique, il y a un besoin de jurisprudence qui définit globalement le contenu des droits et des obligations de l’Etat. Afin d’être pleinement conscients des différents limites et défis existant quant à la réalisation des droits fonciers et de propriété des femmes, les organes du système africain des droits de l’homme doivent adopter une approche basée sur la réalité pour interpréter et appliquer l’égalité et la non-discrimination dans de tels cas. Ainsi, les droits fonciers et de propriété des femmes sur le continent africain pourraient être garantis et protégés.
Influence of Foliar Application with Abscisic Acid (ABA) and Vitamin C on Some Plant Hormones for Peas Plant (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Al-Kaisy Wifak A , Mahadi Sahar F
Published: June 2018

A field experiment was conducted at botanical garden of Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science (Ibn Al-Haitham), University of Baghdad, during the growth winter season of 2016-2017 to study the effect of different concentrations (0, 10, 20) mg.L-1 of abscisic acid and (0, 50, 100, 150) mg.L-1 of vitamin C and their interaction on some plant hormones of pea plant (Pisum sativum L.). The results showed that ABA 20 mg.L-1 decreased IAA about 27.44%, GA3 about 19.73% and Kinetin 15.37% while vitamin C with 150 mg.L-1 increased IAA 27.43%, GA3 45.31% and Kinetin 58.53%, but ABA increased about 23.01% for ABA and 34.93% for vitamin C compared with control plants. The interaction between them is significant for four plant hormones.
Determination of Integrinα2 (ITGA2), Progesterone, Prolactin, Estradiol, Zinc and Vitamin C in Serum of Female Iraqi Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Al-Abassi Hazima Mossa , Almohaidi Asmaa M. Salih , Raheem ALMusawi Amenah Ali
Published: June 2018

Back ground: Cancer is the second leading cause of death throughout the world. Breast cancer, is one of the leading mortality reasons in women from Western Countries, in Iraq, breast cancer is the second reason of death After cardiovascular Diseases.

Material and method:

The study was carried out of period from October/2016-january /2017 and  included (90) serum samples for Iraqi women suffered from breast cancer . Samples were divided into two groups ,the first group included (66) patients (females) their age rang (22-55) years which attended to (tumor unit) at medical city educational oncology hospital and Al-Amal Al-Waatanii hospital in Baghdad ,the second group included (38) for females apparently healthy their age (22-55) were studied as a control group. All patients women which included in this study were enrolled to a diagnostic criteria which made according to clinical, mamografical, histological finding. All of them were early diagnosed (without treatment).The disease was diagnosed by consultant medical staff at the hospital .Three (3ml) of peripheral blood has been drawn from both understudying groups, serum isolated and placed in Eppendorf tube in deep freeze (-20) until used. To determin the understudying  hormones (progesterone ,prolactin and estradiol ),Eliza technique has been used while  vitamin c and zinc were determined sepctrophotometricly.

Result:

 By ELISA technique (ITGA2) recorded a non-significant differences in patients. Progesterone recorded a significantly increasing in patients (P<0.01). Prolactin showed a higher significantly increasing in patients (p< 0.01), while estradiol serum level  recorded a higher significantly decreasing (P<0.01) in patients .The result of biochemistry study part which included zinc and vitamin C, zinc  recorded   a highest significantly decreasing (P<0.01) in patients,. As well as vitamin C recorded a significantly decreasing (P<0.05) in patients.

 

Conclusion:

 According to the significant correlation between the three studied factors (integrin, progesterone and vitamin c) we may conclude that increasing level of progesterone and decreasing level of vitamin c may effect integrin expression in a downregulation  manner and perhaps breast cancer occurring and prognosis

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Comparison of Features Extraction Algorithms Used in the Diagnosis of Plant Diseases
Authors: Hussein Mohammed A. , Abbas Amel H.
Published: June 2018

The detection of diseases affecting plant is very important as it relates to the issue of food security, which is a very serious threat to human life. The system of diagnosis of diseases involves a series of steps starting with the acquisition of images through the pre-processing, segmentation and then features extraction that is our subject finally the process of classification. Features extraction is a very important process in any diagnostic system where we can compare this stage to the spine in this type of system. It is known that the reason behind this great importance of this stage is that the process of extracting features greatly affects the work and accuracy of classification. Proper selection of the right features leads to high accuracy in the system diagnostics and vice versa. The proposed system collect images of different crop (Rice, cotton and tomato) disease, we will enter the images of cropping them , then Re-size the images to fixed size, then improve the image through Fuzzy histogram equalization (FHE) , then perform image segmentation  using color based K-means  and finally compare the methods of features  extraction (Percentage of Leaf Area Infected (PI),Texture-Based Features, Color Moments, Features obtained by Color Co-occurrence Method and Shape based Features) we found that the use of 4 methods together (Percentage of Leaf Area Infected (PI),Texture-Based Features, Color Moments and Shape based Features) produce excellent result..
Counting Functions to Generate The Primes in the RSA Algorithm and Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange
Authors: AL-Maamori Faez Ali , Rashid Mazin Saied
Published: June 2018

The Rivestâ€“Shamirâ€“Adleman (RSA) and the Diffie-Hellman (DH) key exchange are famous methods for encryption. These methods  depended on selecting the primes p and q in order  to be secure enough . This paper shows that the named methods used the primes which are found by some arithmetical function .In the other sense, no need to think about getting primes p and q and how they are secure enough, since the arithmetical function enable to build the primes in such complicated way to be secure. Moreover, this article   gives  new construction  of the  RSA  algorithm and DH key  exchange using the

primes p,qfrom areal number x.
Strongly C_11-Condition Modules and Strongly T_11-Type Modules
Authors: Hadi Inaam M A , Shyaa Farhan D
Published: June 2018

In this paper, we introduced module that satisfying strongly -condition modules and strongly -type modules as generalizations of t-extending. A module  is said strongly -condition if for every submodule of  has a complement which is fully invariant direct summand. A module   is said to be strongly -type modules if every t-closed submodule has a complement which is a fully invariant direct summand. Many characterizations for modules with strongly -condition for strongly -type module are given. Also many connections between these types of module and some related types of modules are investigated.
Using Approximation Non-Bayesian Computation with Fuzzy Data to Estimation Inverse Weibull Parameters and Reliability Function
Authors: Al-Noor Nadia Hashim , Al-Sultany Shurooq A.K.
Published: June 2018

In real situations all observations and measurements are not exact numbers but more or less non-exact, also called fuzzy. So, in this paper, we use approximate non-Bayesian computational methods to estimate inverse Weibull parameters and reliability function with fuzzy data. The maximum likelihood and moment estimations are obtained as non-Bayesian estimation. The maximum likelihood estimators have been derived numerically based on two iterative techniques namely â€œNewton-Raphsonâ€ and the â€œExpectation-Maximizationâ€ techniques. In addition, we provide compared numerically through Monte-Carlo simulation study to obtained estimates of the parameters and reliability function in terms of their mean squared error values and integrated mean squared error values respectively.
On Estimating the Survival Function for the Patients Suffer from the Lung Cancer Disease
Authors: Salman Abbas N. , Farhan Ibtehal H. , Ameen Maymona M. , Hussein Adel Abdulkadhim
Published: June 2018

In this paper, the survival function has been estimated for the patients with lung cancer using different parametric estimation methods depending on sample for completing real data which explain the period of survival for patients who were ill with the lung cancer based on the diagnosis of disease or the entire of patients in a hospital for a time of two years (starting with 2012 to the end of 2013). Comparisons between the mentioned estimation methods has been performed using statistical indicator mean squares error, concluding that the estimation of the survival function for the lung cancer by using pre-test singles stage shrinkage estimator method was the best   .
Local Search Algorithms for Multi-criteria Single Machine Scheduling Problem
Authors: Abdul-Razaq Tariq S. , Akram Abeer O.
Published: June 2018

Real life scheduling problems require the decision maker to consider a number of criteria before arriving at any decision. In this paper, we consider the multi-criteria scheduling problem of n jobs on single machine to minimize a function of five criteria denoted by total completion times (âˆ‘), total tardiness (âˆ‘), total earliness (âˆ‘), maximum tardiness () and maximum earliness (). The single machine total tardiness problem and total earliness problem are already NP-hard, so the considered problem is strongly NP-hard.

We apply two local search algorithms (LSAs) descent method (DM) and simulated annealing method (SM) for the 1// (âˆ‘âˆ‘âˆ‘) problem (SP) to find near optimal solutions. The local search methods are used to speed up the process of finding a good enough solution, where an exhaustive search is impractical for the exact solution. The two heuristic (DM and SM) were compared with the branch and bound (BAB) algorithm in order to evaluate effectiveness of the solution methods.

            Some experimental results are presented to show the applicability of the (BAB) algorithm and (LSAs). With a reasonable time, (LSAs) may solve the problem (SP) up to 5000 jobs.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis Antibodies among Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Assessment some Biochemical Markers
Authors: Saeed Sarah Ali , Al-Aubaidi Israa Kasim
Published: June 2018

Toxoplasma gondii is an protozoan intracellular coccidian protozoan parasite. Latent toxoplasmosis threat to immunocompetent individuals. Diabetic patients are more susceptible to infect with toxoplasmosis due to their low level of immunity response. The purpose of this research is to define the association between toxoplasmosis and diabetes mellitus and detection serum levels of chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protien-1 and transforming growth factor-Î²) in diabetic patients infected with toxoplasmosis. Serum samples were collected from 120 diabetic patients and 50 healthy individuals as a control group  from the Imamein Kadhimein Medical City in Baghdad. In order  to diagnose diabetes, fasting and random blood glucose tests  were used . The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis was done by using toxo IgM and IgG immulite torch assay. Chemokines levels were measured by ELISA method. The results clarified that all samples were seronegative for IgM antibodies while 50 (41.67%) diabetic patients were seropositive for IgG antibodies and 70 (58.33%) diabetic patients and 50 healthy controls were seronegative for IgG antibodies. Serum level of MCP-1 was recorded an increase in a group of diabetic patients infected with toxoplasmosis 169.66 Â± 131.35 pg/ml with highly significant differences (P < 0.001) also TGF-Î² level was increased in a group of diabetic patients infected with toxoplasmosis 0.53 Â± 0.242 pg/ml with highly significant differences (P â‰¤ 0.0001) when compare with the studied groups.