bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Employment and Unemployment amongst Educated Youth in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Murshid K A S , Mahmood Tanveer , Shashi Nahian Azad
Published: January 2023

This is an exploratory exercise that attempts to identify the potential for carrying out online socio-economic surveys in Bangladesh, taking the question of “educated unemployment” as a test case. The topic is of great interest not just in Bangladesh but also throughout South Asia and beyond, where the issue is of particular concern in the context of rapid growth and rising aspirations amongst young people. Most studies depend either on own data generation or periodic national level surveys like the Labour Force Surveys (LFS). The former consists of small datasets, while the latter have a limited number of relevant variables available for analysis. Thus, easier access to larger datasets with better coverage of variables would be a highly welcome additional resource for researchers and policymakers. It was, in fact, possible to rapidly generate a large volume of data using an online platform (Facebook) for this exercise. The data validation approach used here is to compare findings with those reported in the wider literature. In general, the results obtained from the online survey appear both reasonable and defensible. The estimates of educated unemployment are consistent with other available estimates. The relationship of unemployment to education, gender and location is similar to those reported in the literature. The effect of “control” variables like family size, age and family income was as expected. In particular, family income (reflecting family influence) emerged as a powerful predictor. The study was also able to throw light on two other aspects of the labour market, including duration of unemployment and salary levels.
Crop Diversification, Dietary Diversity and Nutrition: Evidence from Rural Bangladesh
Authors: UDDIN MOHAMMAD RIAZ
Published: January 2023

Using two rounds of nationally representative Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS 2011-12 and 2015) data and Fixed Effects model, this study explores the linkages among household crop diversification, household dietary diversity and per capita nutrients intake of households. This study finds that households with higher crop diversification are more likely to diversify their consumption. In addition, there is a significant association between dietary diversity and per capita intake of calorie, protein, iron, zinc and vitamin A among farm households. Therefore, increasing crop diversification helps increase dietary diversity and dietary diversity, in turn, would decrease macro and micro nutrient deficiencies in Bangladesh.
USE OF CARPOVIRUSINE FOR CONTROL OF CODLING MOTH, CYDIAPOMONELLA L. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), IN BULGARIA PROGRESS REPORT
Authors:   Fruit Growing Institute, 12 Ostromila, 4004 Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Kutinkova Hristina ,   e-mail:kutinkova@abv.bg, Samietz Joerg ,   Swiss Federal Research Station Agroscope ChanginsWädenswil ACW, Switzerland, Dzhuvinov Vasiliy ,   Fruit Growing Institute, 12 Ostromila, 4004 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; e-mail:kutinkova@abv.bg, Tallot Yannis ,   Arysta Life Science, Europe Development Department, Noguéres, France
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT The trials were carried out in Central-South Bulgaria in 2006 and 2007. In a conventionally managed reference orchard, sixteen chemical treatments were applied during the season. Fifteen of them could act against codling moth larvae. In spite of that, fruit damage by CM reached at harvest 6.8 in 2006 and 18.7 in 2007. At the same time damage in the plot, treated twelve times with GpGV, was only 0.05% in 2006 and 0.4% in 2007. The overwintering population in the plot treated with GpGV was 0.125 larvae per tree in autumn 2006 and 0.175 larvae per tree in 2007, whereas in the reference orchard 3.32 larvae per tree in autumn 2006 and 7.97 in 2007. The high fruit damage and overwintering CM indicate the population to be resistant tothe organophosphates used. Positive results obtained with Carpovirusine show that it may be effective as a means of biocontrol of CM in Bulgaria.
EVALUATION OF AN IPM MODULE AGAINST THE LEAFHOPPER, AMRASCA DEVASTANS (DISTANT) IN COTTON
Authors:   Cotton Research Station, TNAU, Srivilliputtur- 626 125, Tamil Nadu, India, Murugesan N , Kavitha A ,   Cotton Research Station, TNAU, Srivilliputtur- 626 125, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: January 2023

To develop an IPM module against cotton leafhopper different tactics like, leafhopper resistant cultivar (KC 2) were integrated in different combinations and were evaluated. When the susceptible LRA 5166 was raised from imidacloprid treated seed with cluster bean intercrop and need based application of dimethoate 0.03 % leafhopper population was reduced by 79.01 per cent and seed cotton yield increased by 31.76 %. The pest reduction was 57.08 % with mere introduction of resistant cultivar viz., KC 2; the yield increase was 58.82 %. The yield increase was 125.88 % when the resistant cultivar KC 2 was raised from imidacloprid treated seeds, grown with cluster bean intercrop and applied with dimethoate on need basis.
Genetic aspects of chronic pancreatitis: insights into aetiopathogenesis and clinical implications
Authors: Truninger K. , Ammann R. W. , Blum H. E. , Witt H.
Published: January 2023

The recent genetic discoveries in CP support the hypothesis that inappropriate intrapancreatic activation of zymogens by trypsin results in autodigestion and pancreatitis. Two different protective mechanisms prevent activation of the pancreatic digestive enzyme cascade. First, SPINK1 inhibits up to 20% of potential trypsin activity and, second, trypsin itself activates trypsin-like enzymes readily degrading trypsinogen and other zymogens. Pancreatitis may therefore be the result of an imbalance between proteases and their inhibitors within the pancreatic parenchyma. The discovery of PRSS1 mutations in families with CP was the first breakthrough in the understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms. Enhanced trypsinogen activation may be the common initiating step in pancreatitis caused by these mutations. The discovery of SPINK1 mutations underlines the importance of the protease inhibitor system in the pathogenesis of CP. Thus, gain-of-function in the cationic trypsinogen resulting in an enhanced autoactivation, or loss-of-function mutations in SPINK1 leading to decreased inhibitory capacity, may similarly disturb the delicate intrapancreatic balance of proteases and their inhibitors. The recent findings of SPINK1, CFTR, and PRSS1 mutations in CP patients without a family history have challenged the concept of idiopathic CP as a non-genetic disorder and the differentiation between HP and ICP. There is a clear mode of autosomal dominant inheritance for some mutations (R122H, N291, possibly MIT), whereas the inheritance pattern (autosomal recessive, complex, or modifying) of other mutations (A16V, N34S) is controverted or unknown. The lack of mutations in the above-mentioned genes in many patients suggests that CP may also be caused by genetic alterations in yet unidentified genes. Evaluation of CP patients without an obvious predisposing factor, e.g. alcohol abuse, should include genetic testing even in the absence of a family history of pancreatitis. Finally, identification of further disease-causing genes will create a better understanding of pathogenesis and may help to develop specific preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Desafios e propostas para Transparência de Dados Pessoais com foco nos titulares dos dados
Authors: Coleti Thiago Adriano , Corrêa Pedro Luiz Pizzigatti , Morandini Marcelo , Filgueiras Lucia Vilela Leite
Published: January 2023

A Transparência de Dados Pessoais tornou-se um requisito de qualidade de software, na medida em que a manipulação de dados pessoais despontou como modelo de negócio para várias empresas. É direito dos titulares dos dados receber informações sobre essa manipulação, garantido por regulamentações como a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados. Torna-se, assim, uma necessidade de projetos de sistemas e alvo do estudo da área de Interação Humano-Dados (IHD). Entretanto, proporcionar informações aos titulares não é trivial, pois envolve transformar processos de caráter técnico e computacional em informações claras, objetivas, relevantes e acessíveis. Além disso, o aspecto comercial e estratégico da empresa controladora da aplicação deve ser preservado. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário investigar e evoluir aspectos de design e experiência do usuário para suporte à IHD e à Transparência. Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre os conceitos e desafios da Transparência e relata atividades do grupo de pesquisa dos autores na direção de tornar a Transparência perceptível e controlável para os titulares dos dados. São relatados trabalhos já realizados, em andamento e a agenda de pesquisa para os próximos anos.
Design de uma Escala para Avaliação de Literacia de Dados
Authors: Brito Luciana S. , França Juliana B. S. , Dias Angélica F. S. , Vivacqua Adriana S.
Published: January 2023

Grandes quantidades de dados foram amplamente criadas e consumidas desde as duas primeiras décadas do século XX. A capacidade de ler, trabalhar, analisar e argumentar com dados é chamada de literacia de dados. Essas habilidades nem sempre são bem desenvolvidas nas escolas, embora aspectos relacionados sejam mencionados na Base Nacional Comum Curricular brasileira. Lacunas na educação básica podem levar cidadãos a serem vítimas de notícias enganosas ou desinformação. Projetamos uma escala de literacia de dados por meio da Design Science Research. O artefato foi avaliado positivamente por matemáticos, estatísticos e um cientista de dados de instituições públicas que contribuíram com sugestões para a sua versão final. Nossas contribuições incluem uma escala qualitativa de alfabetização de dados, que avalia os alunos em sessenta habilidades organizadas em sete categorias que vão desde a “coleta de dados” até a “tomada de decisões informadas”. Foi gerada também uma definição de literacia de dados e uma estrutura que generaliza o processo de desenvolvimento da escala produzida.
Künstliche Intelligenz und Roboterethik als neue Forschungsfelder der Islamischen Theologie
Authors: Abdaoui Khalid El
Published: January 2023

Erstmals in der Geschichte der Menschheit ist es heute technisch möglich, dass Maschinen oder Informationssysteme ohne Echtzeitüberwachung autonome Entscheidungen treffen. Der hohe Grad an Selbstständigkeit, der diesen intelligenten Maschinen hierbei zugestanden wird, stellt uns vor ethische Dilemmata, für die es keine ethisch unumstrittene oder einfache Lösung gibt. An der Auseinandersetzung mit solchen Fragen sind muslimische Theolog*innen im deutschsprachigen Raum bis jetzt kaum beteiligt, weder im Binnendiskurs noch im Austausch mit anderen Akteur*innen. Ziel dieses Artikels ist daher zuvorderst, bei muslimischen Theolog*innen ein Bewusstsein und Interesse für dieses wichtige Thema zu wecken. Zudem wird es darum gehen, erste Reflexionen und Gedanken über das relativ neue Feld der Roboterethik aus islamisch-theologischer Perspektive zu entwickeln und die ethischen und anthropologischen Konzepte und Prinzipien zu identifizieren, die zu dessen Erforschung – eben aus islamischer Perspektive – geeignet sind. Der Artikel schließt mit einem Plädoyer für einen Dialog zwischen KI-Expert*innen und Theolog*innen aller Religionen.
Die Natur der koranischen Offenbarung und die Beschaffenheit der Herabsendung (inzāl/tanzīl)
Authors: Öztürk Mustafa
Published: January 2023

Die Natur der koranischen Offenbarung und die Art und Weise ihrer Herabsendung ist in der Tat ein herausforderndes Thema, weil die überlieferten Informationen in den Quellen divergierend sind. Es muss offen zugegeben werden, dass es in der Geschichte der Textualisierung des Korans Lücken, Unklarheiten und schwer zu definierende Bereiche gibt. Bekannt ist, dass die Natur und Beschaffenheit der Offenbarung seit Jahrhunderten thematisiert werden. Ebenso ist bekannt, dass in vielen Koranversen Wörter, die von der Wurzel w-ḥ-y abgeleitet sind, im Sinne von „Inspiration“ verwendet werden. Aus terminologisch-stilistischer Sicht wird jedoch eine kategorische Unterscheidung zwischen „Offenbarung“ und „Inspiration“ getroffen, ohne aber eine überzeugende Argumentation dafür zu entwickeln, auf welchen Kriterien diese Unterscheidung beruht. Diese Situation macht eine erneute Kritik am Wesen der koranischen Offenbarung und am Wesen der Herabsendung erforderlich. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die traditionellen Ansichten und Auffassungen bezüglich der Natur der koranischen Offenbarung kritisiert bzw. in Frage gestellt und dahingehend eine alternative Perspektive dargelegt.
Path to Success or Failure in Foreign Language Speaking
Authors: Staňková Eva
Published: January 2023

The article contributes to the research field on the development of speaking in a foreign language. It presents the results of a survey conducted at the University of Defence in Brno. The survey was designed to identify differences between two groups of fifty students with different levels of their speaking sklil in English, corresponding to A1 and B1 levels in terms of the CEFR. The participants were interviewed in Czech about their previous language achievements, motivation to learn English and their experience of learning English. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using inferential and descriptive statistics. The outcomes have shown that the groups differed significantly in the type of school the students had studied at prior to the university, the grades they had achieved in their secondary school leaving examinations in English Language and Czech Language and Literature, and the degree of their motivation to learn English. Furthermore, the analysis of students’ opinions on the development of their speaking skill in English has revealed that successful foreign language speakers actively seek opportunities to speak in the foreign language, and attribute their success to factors within their control, which is not the case of the unsuccessful ones. The author proposes that undergraduates with low foreign language skills should be detected and interviewed in their native language when they enter university to reflect on their language learning experience, and encouraged to resume responsibility for their language skills development.
At home there are unknown possibilities. A comparative research on oikophobia
Authors:   University of L'Aquila, Italy, Gammone Mariateresa
Published: January 2023

This essay presents an overview of the main results of the burglaries research, a little-discussed and studied topic. Collection, organization, and analysis of empirical data have been carried out by two working groups at the university of L'Aquila and at the IULM University of Milan. Research has gone on for twenty years and has accumulated an impressive amount of data, from a comparative perspective and with extensive references to the classics of sociology, criminology, philosophy, political science, and literature. Starting from the Italian situation, comparisons are presented regarding the situation existing in other European countries, because the differences between various areas are very significant. This essay explores also the themes of the relationship between the house and democracy, treated in a sociological tradition that includes authors such as Max Weber and Anthony Giddens. The idea of an unmotivated aversion to one's home environment has had some success in Roger Scruton's use of it.
PHASE 0 CLINICAL TRIAL: HOPE THROUGH RESEARCH
Authors: Aafreen  , Hima Dutta Baruah
Published: January 2023

This paper Development of a drug molecule has always been a long and an exclusive process. From preclinical to clinical testing, it takes almost 10-15 years with an expense of almost US$2 Billion. It has been observed that serious challenges faced by researchers resulting in highest rate of failure in development of new drug molecules in clinical research. Seeing these grievances, the US FDA in 2004 introduced a “Critical Path “document highlighting the major decline of the drug development process despite having new advances and technology in biomedical research and the majors to improve the quality and effectiveness of overall drug discovery and development process. Thus, in 2006 a new guidance was issued on Exploratory IND studies by US FDA which is called phase 0 clinical study. It uses the concept of micro dosing. Minimum 30-40% of drugs fail in phase 1 trial due to unfavorable pk and pd. Micro-dosing is a new toolkit used in the drug development process and includes low or minute intake of molecules hardly to show any pharmacological effect when administered by participants and thus, helps in evaluating pk profiles. It shows no therapeutic effect, so chances of adverse reactions are also low. It acts as a bridge between preclinical and clinical study and can be beneficial in reducing extensive use of animal testing. Human screening is conducted to enroll few healthy participants for minimal no. of 7 days for the conduction of phase 0 trial. With recent technology, research and development and advancement, micro dosing has become more and more revolutionary and is emerging as the dormant challenge to be enormously used in more and more drug development process and make a shift to the process in a positive direction. The First emerging development of phase 0 trial can be witnessed in successful oncology trial in patients with progressive malignancies. Results proved to show a good and a well-tolerated bioavailability, and a desirable pharmacokinetics and biochemical data and hence this evidence can be used further to guide the development process and improve the drug development scenario.
A review on current epidemiology and herbal approach towards the management of diabetes mellitus in India
Authors: Sukanta Roy  , Sudeepto Biswas  , Sourav Das  , Shramana Majumder  , Parag Ghosh  , Sangeeta Choudhury  , Anirbandeep Bose  , Subhasish Mondal
Published: January 2023

The article here is about the disorder Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and the various treatments from the herbal background more specifically in India. It has been found that DM is a very common disorder affecting people mostly from the Asian subcontinent. The most common form of diabetes is Non-insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) or Type 2 DM (T2DM) and although a number of treatment approaches have been taken for this, herbal drugs never stand apart. Herbal medicines have been the backbone of the entire medicinal system in India and hence this paper will specifically look into all the original, novel, and ancient ways to treat the disorder. Several plants have been found to have anti-diabetic effects like catechu, basil, ginko biloba, fenugreek, and much more. Also, there have been many marketed herbal products too like Bitter gourd powder, episulin, Dia care, and much more which have been discussed in detail in the paper. Interestingly, all of these herbal products have some mechanism of action which are quite varied and have been discussed here. So, the main approach behind this paper is to re-establish herbal drugs as effective ways of medication against the disorder of Diabetes Mellitus.
Sei scritti in cerca di autore: il Corpus Caspari
Authors: De Spirito Giuseppe ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: January 2023

The main aim of this study is to provide some new considerations to support the contested thesis that the Corpus Caspari has to be understood as a unified set of texts drawn up by a single author. Both theological and biographical considerations allow the safe identification of the composer of this ensemble with the future Sixtus III (432-440). Moreover, all the projects that the pontiff carried out, from Santa Maria Maggiore to the monastery he founded in the vicinity of the catacombs, testify to the same opinions on asceticism, virginity and material goods as are expressed in the six letters. Even the signature of some of those letters-treaties should be evaluated as authentic, and it can be connected only to Sixtus III.
Of Life Beyond Domination
Authors: Bendik-Keymer Jeremy ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: January 2023

“Surfacing” is the process of rediscovering one’s sense of self-determination from within a context of enduring domination, including systems of enduring domination, such as racism, capitalism, and patriarchy. “Enduring domination” is the afterlife of domination that carries on into the conditions and mentality of anyone affected by domination, even indirectly. This article riggs together a concept from the Capability Approach to human development, a process from intersectional, epistemic justice work, and some broad possibilities within social practice art around norm play and subversion to fill out a practice of wondering that helps its participants surface. It serves as a contribution to broadly decolonial work.
Access to and Use of Agricultural Information among Maize Farmers in Ejura Sekyedumase Municipality
Authors: Mensah Emmanuel , Osei Collins Kwabena , Asantewaa Jennifer Karikari , Aboagye Richard
Published: January 2023

Purpose: To examine the access to and use of agricultural information among maize farmers in the Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality in Ashanti Region

Methodology: A quantitative approach was used through the use of cross-sectional survey design. A multi-stage sampling method was used to select 170 maize farmers from the communities for the study. The data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 23.0 software. Frequencies, Percentages, Mean, Chi-square Test of Independence and Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance were used for data analysis.

Findings:  The study found that the most utilized source of agricultural information by maize farmers in Ejura Sekyedumase Municipality was agricultural extension agents. It was also observed that there was a significant relationship between farm ownership type, educational level, access to credit, extension visits, farming experience, and access to agricultural information. The study also found that the main agricultural information needs of the maize farmers in Ejura Sekyedumase Municipality were disease and pest management. Also, the inadequate number of extension agents was the main challenge faced by farmers in accessing and using agricultural information in the municipality.

Conclusion: The study conclude that farmers received most of their information from agricultural extension agents, radio and farmers. Access to agricultural information is influence by socio-economic characteristics of farmers.

Recommendations: The study recommends that extension agents to be well equipped and trained, as well as increasing their number by the government through the Ministry of Food and Agriculture. Also, farmers must be well communicated to and educated using local strategies as well as encouraging them to join Farmer Based Organisations (FBOs).
PERAWATAN MESIN SUCKER MULLER DI PT. DLH
Authors: Darsini Darsini , Prabowo Bayu
Published: January 2023

DLH Sukoharjo merupakan industri tekstil yang bergerak dalam bidang pertenunan. Observasi dilakukan pada mesin Sucker Muller yang sering mengalami kemacetan pada bagian cilynder drier, kipas angin, beam stand dan bearing dan pada saat beam berputar tidak dapat memaksimalkan hasil produksi. khususnya pada bagian Weaving I dibagian Sizing. Permasalahan yangsering terjadi adalah cara perawatan mesin penganjian yang dilakukan oleh pabrik kurang efisien sehingga menimbulkan keterlambatan jumlah produksi. Dalam penyelesaian masalah dilakukan dengan cara perawatan mesin sucker muller tersebut. Metode preventive maintenance yang digunakan untuk perawatan dan perbaikan serta pencegahan kerusakan. Berdasarkan analisis diperoleh bahwa hasil Mean Time To Failure (M'I'I'F) komponen mesin Sucker Muller sebesar 6.63 jam dan nilai Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) 573.531 sebesar jam.
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN CAMPURAN 50% LIMBAH SAWIT DAN 50% KOTORAN SAPI TERHADAP PROSES TERJADINYA BIOGAS
Authors: Rahmadi Hairian
Published: January 2023

Gas ini berasal dari pencampuran limbah cair sawit dan kotoran sapi. Pembuatan biogas dari limbah sawit, khususnya limbah cair sawit dan sapi ini berpotensi sebagai energi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan, karena selain dapat memanfaatkan limbah sawit dan ternak, sisa dari pembuatan biogas yang berupa slurry dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik yang kaya akan unsur-unsur yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbandingan campuran limbah cair sawit dan kotoran sapi terhadap  terjadinya biogas dan warna nyala api. Pengujian penelitian ini mengunakan drum, ban dalam mobil, pressure gouge dan media kompor gas. Pada hasil pengujian biogas pada hari ke 10 tapi tidak signifikat, setelah hari ke 15 sampai 20 hari terjadi peningkatan reaksi terjadinya biogas.
ANALISIS KEBOCORAN SISTEM HIDROLIK PADA LANDING GEAR PESAWAT AIRBUS A330 SERIES MENGGUNAKAN METODE PDCA
Authors: Dwiaji Yudhi Chandra
Published: January 2023

Landing gear pesawat udara Airbus A330 menggunakan green hydraulic system yang saat ini masih ditemukan beberapa kebocoran yang mengakibatkan turunnya keselamatan penerbangan karena tenaga penggerak pada landing gear tidak berfungsi secara normal sehingga harus menggunakan sistem freefall pada saat melakukan pendaratan. Penelitian ini melakukan analisa terhadap kejadian yang menjadi penyebab bocornya sistem flexible hose, swivel valve serta pitch trimmer. Flexible hose dalam Aircraft’s Maintenance Manual tidak terdapat limitasi ketika terjadi rapture (pecah), sedangkan untuk swivel dan pitch trimmer masih terdapat limitasi sehingga penelitian lebih mengarah terhadap penyebab kebocoran pada flexible hose. Data kebocoran sistem hidrolik diambil pada bulan Januari 2020 – Desember 2020 dengan total kasus sistem hidrolik bocor pada landing gear area sebanyak 49 kasus, dimana flexible hose memiliki tingkat kebocoran yang sangat tinggi jika dibandingkan kasus lainnya. Untuk mengidentifikasi penyebab kebocoran sistem hidrolik, penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengukuran tool ultrasonic internal leak dan hydraulic fluid analysis.
Les grands principes de la lutte contre les épizooties/ The main principles of the epizootics control
Authors: Dufour Barbara , Hattenberger Anne-Marie
Published: January 2023

The main infectious animal diseases, that were wrongly believed to have been defeated in developed countries, reappeared in the early 2000’s as severe epizootics. The control of these diseases is based on prevention methods, detection and eradication, some of which seem sometimes under debate in society. This article recalls the role of sanitary and medical prevention, underlines the importance of epidemiological surveillance for early detection of diseases and analyses the advantages and limitations of sanitary or medical measures for the eradication of outbreaks.
Théories économiques et crises des marchés agricoles : l’exemple du lait / Economic theories and agricultural market crises: the example of milk
Authors: Boussard Jean-Marc
Published: January 2023

Most analysts were surprised by the sudden milk prices downturn which occurred at the same time as the removal of European milk quotas. In general, they considered it as an exceptional event, justifying ad hoc political interventions, but no revision of the liberal way of thinking. Yet, it is also possible to interpret it as a normal transitory phenomenon, likely to occur on any market when demand is rigid, and long run supply elastic. In such a situation, which is the case of agricultural commodities, the market equilibrium is unstable, in the mathematical meaning of the word. Then, the market dynamic results in a succession of peaks and slumps around the ''normal'' price, which never prevails. The cost of these variations might be greater than the benefit which can be expected from liberalisation. As a consequence, policies aiming at severing all links between agriculture and markets, as was the case of the CAP before1992, were perhaps less detrimental than commonly assessed.
Implementation experience of an informatic system for the management of hospital beds
Authors: Guerrero-Nancuante Camilo , Taramasco Carla , Armstrong-Barea Lucy
Published: January 2023

The management of beds within healthcare centers is essential for meeting the health needs of the population. Currently, in Chile there are few computer tools that streamline the functions performed by the Bed Management Units of healthcare centers. The objective of this article is to describe the implementation of a bed management computer system in three hospitals of medium (Modular-La Serena) and high complexity (San José del Carmen-Copiapó y San Juan de Dios-La Serena) of the Chilean public health network. The process used the Framework of dissemination and implementation, which allowed for a consistent flow of bed management, namely: request, allocation of bed, transfer, hospitalization and patient discharge. Likewise, the relevant actors and the minimum variables for the adequate process were identified. The implementation of the system was carried out in stages of validation and configuration of the platform in each healthcare center, user training and follow-up of the start-up. To date, the three hospitals have an operational computer system for managing hospital beds, reporting no difficulties in its use. The next challenge is to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of the platform, using the indicators agreed upon with the clinical/administrative teams of the health centers.
Respiratory complications during recovery from gastrointestinal endoscopies performed by gastroenterologists under moderate sedation
Authors: Pozin Inna Eidelman , Zabida Amir , Nadler Moshe , Zahavi Guy , Orkin Dina , Berkenstadt Haim
Published: January 2023

Background/Aims: Data on the incidence of adverse respiratory events during recovery from gastrointestinal endoscopy are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of these complications.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data were obtained from the electronic records of 657 consecutive patients, who underwent gastroenterological procedures under sedation.Results: Pulse oximetry oxygen saturation (SpO2) <90% for <60 seconds occurred in 82 patients (12.5%) and in 11 patients (1.7%), SpO2 of <90% for >60 seconds occurred in 79 patients (12.0%) and in 11 patients (1.7%), and SpO2 <75% occurred in four patients (0.6%) and in no patients during the procedure and recovery period, respectively. No major complications were noted. The occurrence of desaturation during recovery was correlated with desaturation during the procedure (p<0.001). American Society of Anesthesiologists score (odds ratio [OR], 1.867; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.008–3.458), ischemic heart disease (OR, 1.815; 95% CI, 0.649–5.080), hypertension (OR, 1.289; 95% CI, 0.472–3.516), and diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.406; 95% CI, 0.950–6.095) increased the occurrence of desaturation during recovery.Conclusions: We found no major complications during recovery after balanced propofol-based sedation administered by a gastroenterologist-nurse team. Patients with the identified risk predictors must be monitored carefully.
Marvin R. Wilson. Our Father Abraham, 2nd Edition
Authors: Phelan, Jr. John E.
Published: January 2023

No abstract is available.
The Ore is Gone, but the Silicosis Remains: Mining Health and Risk Perception in Portugal in first half of the 20th Century
Authors: Guimarães Paulo Eduardo
Published: January 2023

The pattern of health risk perception among Portuguese mineworkers changed during the twentieth century, as did forms of state intervention and risk management. Up to the mid-20th century, mining accidents, risks and the need for sickness assistance promoted different healthcare models. Mining companies offered medical and pharmaceutical assistance, and, during the First Republic, the state introduced compulsory social insurance and other labour legislation. The health assistance offered by trade unions was integrated into the general health system during New State (1934–74). From the 1950s on, the legal struggle for recognition of silicosis as a debilitating occupational disease made mine owners accountable. This paper traces this historical experience, the significant path leading to the institutionalization of occupational medicine, health systems and social support in Portugal.

El patrón de percepción del riesgo para la salud entre los mineros portugueses cambió durante el siglo XX, al igual que las formas de intervención estatal y gestión del riesgo. Hasta mediados del siglo XX, los accidentes mineros, los riesgos y la necesidad de asistencia por enfermedad impulsaron diferentes modelos de salud. Las empresas mineras ofrecieron asistencia médica y farmacéutica y, durante la Primera República, el estado introdujo el Seguro Social Obligatorio y otras leyes laborales. La asistencia sanitaria ofrecida por los sindicatos se integró en el sistema general de salud durante el Estado Novo (1934-1974). De la década de 1950, la lucha legal por el reconocimiento de la silicosis como una enfermedad ocupacional debilitante hizo que los propietarios de las minas fueran responsables. Este artículo traza esta experiencia histórica, el camino significativo que conduce a la institucionalización de la medicina del trabajo, los sistemas de salud y el apoyo social en Portugal.
The Institutional Framework for Work in the Mines of Greece: Occupational Health and Safety and the case of Lead Poisoning (1861-1940)
Authors: Papastefanaki Leda
Published: January 2023

The paper investigates the historical formation of the institutional framework for work in the mines, regarding occupational health and safety. In a second level, the article focusses on the medical discourse in Greece about the specific occupational disease of lead poisoning and the role played by the state, mining companies and doctors in the recognition of the disease. In the formation of this framework and the regulations gender has played an important role.

The definition of lead poisoning as an occupational disease given to the miners by specialist doctors was a political issue, which was determined in historical terms. Doctors used their scientific knowledge not only as a tool for the political economy of health, but also as a mean to combat the social question by reforms and total intervention in everyday life, work and leisure of the miners. In the case of the recognition of lead poisoning, a cultural confrontation which characterized the conflict between the educated middle class and the working class in Greece, since the end of 19th century, is apparent.

The sources used are mainly the legislation, state reports by the Inspectorate of Mines and medical reports.

El artículo investiga la formación histórica del marco institucional para el trabajo en las minas en Grecia, con respecto a la salud y seguridad ocupacional. En un segundo nivel, el artículo se centra en el discurso médico en Grecia sobre la enfermedad profesional específica del envenenamiento por plomo y el papel jugado por el Estado, las empresas mineras y los médicos en el reconocimiento de la enfermedad.La definición de la intoxicación por plomo como enfermedad profesional dada a los mineros por médicos especialistas fue una cuestión política, que se determinó en términos históricos. Los médicos utilizaron su conocimiento científico no sólo como herramienta para la economía política de la salud, sino también como medio para combatir la cuestión social mediante reformas e intervención total en la vida cotidiana, el trabajo y el ocio de los mineros. En el caso del reconocimiento del envenenamiento por plomo, se evidencia una confrontación cultural que caracterizó el conflicto entre la clase media culta y la clase obrera en Grecia, desde finales del siglo XIX.Las fuentes utilizadas son principalmente la legislación, informes estatales de la Inspección de Minas e informes médicos.
Discurso autocentrado en cuatro clases universitarias: estudio sustentado en los turnos de habla
Authors: Escalona Montes de Oca Ivy
Published: January 2023

This study analyses speaking turns in the communicative process of university classes. Four pedagogical speeches were observed for fifty minutes and audio-recorded, and speaking turns were then categorised. Next, the information was interpreted applying the tenets of Discourse Analysis. The results derived from the corpus analysis show an interactive pattern without significant alterations: the lecturer explains and asks, the student listens and responds. The conclusions revolve around the characteristics of self-centered discourse and the need to transform academic environments through interactive, reflective and open higher-education pedagogical discourse.

El estudio se enfoca en el análisis de los turnos de habla dentro del proceso comunicativo de clases universitarias. Se observaron cuatro discursos pedagógicos durante cincuenta minutos, se grabaron en audio y se categorizaron los turnos de habla. Posteriormente se interpretó la información desde una mirada reflexiva, atendiendo a los postulados del Análisis del Discurso (AD). Los resultados derivados del análisis del corpus mantienen un patrón interactivo sin alteraciones significativas: el docente explica y pregunta, el estudiante escucha y responde. Las conclusiones proporcionan aseveraciones de la autora en cuanto a las características del discurso autocentrado y la necesidad de transformar los entornos académicos, a través de discursos pedagógicos universitarios interactivos, reflexivos y abiertos.
Distributividad recalcitrante y nombres colectivos
Authors: Fábregas Antonio
Published: January 2023

Stubbornly distributive predicates are those that, combined with pluralities, apply only to the individuals and never to the whole (Estas cajas son largas - These boxes are long). These predicates can be combined with some mass nouns (arroz largo - long rice) if they contain discrete units, but, surprisingly, they do not easily produce the same reading with collective nouns (#alameda larga - #long grove). This article argues that this restriction is syntactically based: the position in which a distributive predicate has to be introduced interrupts the syntactic constituent formed by the collective noun, and not the one associated with a mass noun.

Los predicados recalcitrantemente distributivos son aquellos que, combinados con pluralidades, se aplican exclusivamente a los individuos particulares y nunca al conjunto (Estas cajas son largas). Estos predicados pueden combinarse con algunos nombres no contables o masa (arroz largo), si contienen unidades aislables, pero sorprendentemente nunca dan la misma lectura con nombres colectivos (#alameda larga). Este trabajo propone que esta restricción tiene una base sintáctica: la posición en la que ha de introducirse un predicado distributivo interrumpe el constituyente que forma el nombre colectivo, pero no el que se asocia a un nombre no contable.
Insights from the molecular docking analysis of compounds from Vitex negundo with targets from Klebsiella pneumonia causing urinary tract infection
Authors:   Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli – 620024, Preetha SP
Published: January 2023

Antimicrobial resistance among bacterial strains has emerged out to be a serious threat and contributes to the loss of effectiveness of the common antibiotics. New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (blaNDM-1) is an enzyme present in several pathogenic bacteria with a high incidence in Klebsiella pneumoniae and plays a crucial role in the development of antibacterial resistance. Mur enzymes are also important alternative drug targets in addition to blaNDM-1 which are crucial for the survival of the bacteria. Vitex negundo is an aromatic medicinal tree with proven antibacterial properties. Fifteen compounds from V. negundo were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the target proteins blaNDM-1, Mur C, Mur E and Mur F of K. pneumoniae through molecular docking using the Glide (xp) module of Schrodinger. ADME toxicity was also predicted for all the fifteen compounds in the QikProp module. The docking results revealed that the compounds agnuside, negundoside and isoorientin showed promising inhibitory effects on all four targets blaNDM-1, Mur C, Mur E and Mur F of K. pneumoniae with docking scores greater than -7 kcal/mol and reasonable hydrogen bond interactions. The findings of this study provide a lead for developing novel drugs against potent multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae.
Hypolipidemic effect of β-caryophyllene in high fat diet and fructose induced type-2 diabetic adult male rats
Authors:   Department of Biochemistry, Arunai Medical College & Hospital, Tiruvanamallai- 606603, Tamilnadu, India, Mani Mani
Published: January 2023

Skeletal muscle is responsible for the majority of insulin-stimulated whole-body glucose elimination, under normal circumstances. High dietary fat consumption increases stored fat mass and is a major risk factor for metabolic disorders. The conventional pharmacological treatments are associated with many adverse side effects and high rates of secondary failure which lead to an increasing demand for natural products with anti-diabetic activity and lesser side effects. β-Caryophyllene is a naturally occurring sequiterpene that may be found in cannabis and a range of culinary herbs and spices. It contains antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-lipidemic effects, among others. However, the effect of β-Caryophyllene on glucose absorption and oxidation, is yet unknown. Hence, the current study was intended to investigate the anti-diabetic impact of β-Caryophyllene in type-2 diabetes caused by a high-fat diet. To evaluate its anti-diabetic efficacy, high fat diet and fructose-induced type-2 diabetic rats were administered an effective dosage of β-Caryophyllene (200 mg/kg b.wt, orally for 30 days). The treatment of diabetes-induced rats with β-Caryophyllene restored the altered levels of blood glucose, serum insulin as well as lipid parameters. Our findings show that β-caryophyllene improves glycemia control by alleviating dyslipidemia in type-2 diabetic rats. From the present findings, it is evident that β-caryophyllene can be used as an anti-diabetic drug.
Atherogenic index of plasma, lipid accumulation and visceral adiposity in metabolic syndrome patients
Authors:   Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Tamilnadu, India, Krishnan Madhan
Published: January 2023

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of various clinical and biochemical abnormalities, needs early diagnosis and treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality. The present study is designed to compare Atherogenic Index of Plasma, Lipid Accumulation Product and Visceral Adiposity Index with metabolic syndrome components in patients with metabolic syndrome. The study comprises of 150 metabolic syndrome patients and 150 age and sex matched healthy controls of both genders in the age group of 20 – 65 years. Atherogenic Index of Plasma, lipid accumulation and Visceral Adiposity Index product index were calculated for all participants. Pearson Correlation was used to compare atherogenic Index of plasma, lipid accumulation and Visceral Adiposity Index product between cases and controls. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to compare the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of Atherogenic Index of Plasma, lipid accumulation and Visceral Adiposity Index product with metabolic syndrome. The comparisons between the BMI, WC, Atherogenic Index of Plasma ,lipid accumulation and Visceral Adiposity Index product were significantly higher in metabolic syndrome cases (p <0.001).Although the entire index were independently associated with Mets, AIP showed the highest area under the curve (0.954, 95% CI 0.929 0.978,p value ≤0.0001) in identifying metabolic syndrome.
Recent advances in GTR scaffolds
Authors:   Department of Periodontology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600077, Bajpai Devika
Published: January 2023

Periodontitis is a serious chronic inflammatory condition that can cause periodontal tissue deterioration and, eventually, tooth loss. Periodontal regenerative therapy using membranes and bone grafting materials, as well as flap debridement and/or flap curettage, have all been used with varying degrees of clinical effectiveness. Current resorbable and non-resorbable membranes serve as a physical barrier, preventing connective and epithelial tissue down growth into the defect and promoting periodontal tissue regeneration. The "perfect" membrane for use in periodontal regenerative therapy has yet to be created, as these conventional membranes have several structural, mechanical, and bio-functional constraints. We hypothesised in this narrative review that the next-generation of guided tissue and guided bone regeneration (GTR/GBR) membranes for periodontal tissue engineering will be a graded-biomaterials that closely mimics the extracellular matrix.
Reseña de "El ethos del republicanismo cosmopolita: Perspectivas euroamericanas sobre Kant"
Authors: Portilla González Jimena
Published: January 2023

En esta reseña se introducen los principales contenidos del libro "El ethos del republicanismo cosmopolita". La reseña orienta a los lectores según las líneas de investigación política, estética y moral del pensamiento kantiano y su relación con el cosmopolitismo. Asimismo se enfatizan los intereses interdisciplinarios en torno al tema y su relevancia para la discusión de problemas contemporáneos.
Kant y la paradoja del sentido interno
Authors: Jaúregui Claudia
Published: January 2023

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Sobre una referencia implícita a la distinción entre intellectus archetypus e intellectus ectypus en el parágrafo 14 de la Crítica de la razón pura.
Authors: Pelegrin Laura Alejandra
Published: January 2023

En la correspondencia con Herz del 21 febrero de 1772, Kant presenta la pregunta fundamental del sistema crítico y, más específicamente, de la Deducción Trascendental de las categorías, ¿en qué sentido puede una representación legítimamente corresponder con el objeto representado? Kant clarifica la naturaleza del problema distinguiendo entre un intelecto equipo y uno arquetipo. En el parágrafo 14 de la Crítica de la razón pura, Kant introduce un problema análogo. Mostraremos que aquí también la distinción entre dos tipos de intelectos contribuye a clarificar la naturaleza del problema. Pondremos en evidencia que en este parágrafo se encuentra una referencia tácita a la distinción entre intelecto ectipo y arquetipo presentada en la correspondencia con Herz.
La filosofía práctica de Kant, revisitada en Brasil
Authors: Martìnez Luciana
Published: January 2023

Reseña de: Egyle Hannah do Nascimento Lopes y Joel Thiago Klein (editores), Comentários às obras de Kant. Fundamentação da Metafísica dos Costumes, Florianópolis, Néfip Online, 2022, 474 pp. ISBN: 978-65-9947-613-6
Espacios de patrimonio para el estudio del exilio republicano español de 1939 fuera de la Eurorregión (España y Francia)
Authors: Collado Cerveró Francisco , Mirón-González Rubén
Published: January 2023

Este artículo presenta una relación de 38 archivos históricos, centros documentales, fundaciones, bibliotecas y patronatos de interés para la historiografía sobre el exilio republicano español de 1939, tanto en los estados español como francés. Se exponen los diferentes tipos de fuentes encontradas y las pistas para su localización y consulta, así como las principales dificultades que nos hemos encontrado o las carencias informativas de los fondos analizados.