bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based prediction system for rainfall-induced landslides in Benguet First Engineering District
Authors: Omadlao Zanya Reubenne D. , Tuguinay Nica Magdalena A. , Saturay Ricarido Maglaqui
Published: August 2019

A machine learning-based prediction system for rainfall-induced landslides in Benguet First Engineering District is proposed to address the landslide risk due to the climate and topography of Benguet province. It is intended to improve the decision support system for road management with regards to landslides, as implemented by the Department of Public Works and Highways Benguet First District Engineering Office. Supervised classification was applied to daily rainfall and landslide data for the Benguet First Engineering District covering the years 2014 to 2018 using scikit-learn. Various forms of cumulative rainfall values were used to predict landslide occurrence for a given day. Following typical machine learning workflows, rainfall-landslide data set was divided into training and testing data sets. Machine learning algorithms such as K-Nearest Neighbors, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree, and AdaBoost were trained using the training data sets, and the trained models were used to make predictions based on the testing data sets. Predictive performance of the models vis-a-vis the testing data sets were compared using true positive rates, false positive rates, and the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve. Predictive performance of these models were then compared to 1-day cumulative rainfall thresholds commonly used for landslide predictions. Among the machine learning models evaluated, Gaussian Naïve Bayes has the best performance, with mean false positive rate, true positive rate and area under the curve scores of 7%, 76%, and 84% respectively. It also performs better than the 1-day cumulative rainfall thresholds. This research demonstrates the potential of machine learning for identifying temporal patterns in rainfall-induced landslides using minimal data input -- daily rainfall from a single synoptic station, and highway maintenance records. Such an approach may be tested and applied to similar problems in the field of disaster risk reduction and management.
Critical Buckling Load of Thin-Walled Plastic Cylinders in Axial and Radial Loading: Overview and FEA Case Study
Authors: Pereira Tais Rocha , Patterson Albert E. , Lee Yong Hoon , Messimer Sherri L.
Published: August 2019

This technical note discusses the theoretical static buckling load of thin-walled plastic cylinders under axial and radial loading. While the buckling of thin-walled cylinders is a well-researched topic, a variety of new design and manufacturing methods, as well as advances in polymer technologies, have brought plastic structures into prominence in recent years, necessitating a re-examination and exploration of their behavior under buckling loads. This work provides a background review of the problem, a discussion of the appropriate buckling equations, an extensive case study to demonstrate the concepts, and a brief review of some previously developed thin-walled structure reinforcement techniques. The presented work and results are intended to provide a helpful perspective, background review, and starting place for future research on the buckling behavior of thin plastic structures.
Recognition of Beam's Music Notation Patterns Using Artificial Neural Networks with The Backpropagation Method
Authors: Haumahu John Pierre
Published: August 2019

The beam notations is officially used as the standard of international music notation, and is often found in scores for both musical instruments and vocals. In Indonesia, the use of numerical notation is more widely used and understood, because the learning process of notation beams is not easy, and takes time for the introduction of each symbol and its meaning. The pattern recognition technology makes it possible to recognize the pattern of the beam notations. The software used for system development is Matlab, utilizing artificial neural network using backpropagation method to recognize the pattern of beam notation. Backpropagation is a supervised learning method, where the system will be given the training first, and then the system can understand and identify patterns based on the knowledge gained. The final result shows that the system is able to recognize patterns from notations that have been previously studied with the highest percentage of 91.20%.
Decision Support System Recommended for Position Increased at PD. Air Minum Jaya By Using SMART Method
Authors: Rudianto Rudianto
Published: August 2019

Employees are one of the human resources that are very important in determining the success of the company's work. There fore the company must appoint employees into one of the positions according to the expertise desired by the company. There are still many managers to appoint their employees to only see how long they work without being supported by adequate expertise. So that the appointment of employees by managerial is subjective. For this reason, it is necessary to process employee assessment data that can help make it easier for a boss and the Payroll section to take a decision to recommend employees to take office. The method used to solve the problem of recommendation for promotion for employees by using the SMART method (Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique) is a multi-attribute decision-making method used to support decision making in choosing between several alternatives. The criteria used in calculating the assessment are professional criteria, cooperation, leadership, innovation and ethics at work. Judging from the managerial aspects, the assessment can be developed with other criteria according to the needs of the company
Perilaku Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat Desa Gunung Tua Tonga Pada Pemilihan Bupati/Wakil Bupati Tahun 2013
Authors: Darmila Linda , Ivanna Julia , Iqbal Muhammad
Published: August 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan perilaku keterlibatan politik masyarakat Desa Gunung Tua Tonga dalam pemilihan kepala daerah (Bupati/Wakil Bupati) tahun 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian kualitatif berupaya untuk memahami makna yang dilakukan sejumlah individu/kelompok berdasarkan masalah sosial. Dalam penelitian ini menggambarkan keterlibatan masyarakat Desa Gunung Tua Tonga dalam memberikan hak pilihnya pada pemilihan Bupati/Wakil Bupati tahun 2013. Sementara itu teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Lebih lanjut penentuan informan berdasarkan informan yang memiliki hak suara untuk memilih dan tidak memiliki hak suara. Analisa data melalui reduksi data, penyajian data serta kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa Perilaku pemilih pada pemilihan tersebut terkait dengan pertimbangan sosial-ekonomi, seperti kekerabatan, pendidikan dan uang. Sementara itu bentuk partisipasi politik yang dilakukan adalah secara pasif dan aktif. Dengan demikian bentuk pelibatan politik masyarakat diharapkan mampu demokrasi yang berkualitas.
Hubungan antara Konsep Diri dengan Prestasi Akademik Mahasiswa pada Mata Kuliah Teori Grup
Authors: Hanifah Hanifah
Published: August 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan antara konsep diri dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa pada mata kuliah teori grup. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester IV kelas E Program Studi pendidikan Matematika FKIP UNSIKA. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa angket konsep diri dan hasil akademik mahasiswa. Dari hasil analisis korelasi sederhana, diperoleh nilai koefisien korelasi antara konsep diri dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa sebesar 0,41. Berdasarkan perolahan data diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara konsep diri dengan prestasi akademik mahasiswa pada mata kuliah teori grup.

Kata kunci: konsep diri, prestasi akademik, teori grup.

 

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research is to describe the corelation betwen self-concept with academic achievement college student in teori grup courses.This research is quantitative experiment with descriptive methode. The subject of this research is college student of Fourth Semester on E Class in Educational Faculty of Singaperbangsa University. The instrument of research is some self-concept questionnaire and academic achievement college student score. The result of simple corelation analysis is 0,41. Based on the data, it concluses that there is positive and significant corelation between self-concept and academic achievement college student in teori grup courses.

Keywords: self-concept, academic achievement, teori grup.
Making History History History
Authors: Pearson Deborah
Published: August 2019

A first-person analysis of the commissioning and touring life of Deborah Pearson’s show History History History, examining the ways in which contemporary events in the news, particularly the refugee crisis and immigration, impacted European programmers’ and commissioners’ interest in Pearson’s touring performance about her family immigrating as refugees to Canada from Hungary in 1956.
Being Propelled: A Canadian in Brussels
Authors: Kinoshita Liz
Published: August 2019

Stemming from her research into the mechanisms of the musical (2013), Liz Kinoshita has been using her love for American musicals from the thirties, forties, fifties, and sixties, and her study in the musicality of contemporary dance, as a departure point for several evening-length performances she has been touring mostly in Europe and North America. She was born in Toronto, Canada, and has been based in Brussels, Belgium, for the past fifteen years. Her intertwining of North American tools and European aesthetics is indicative of her professional and personal trajectory and history. She relays how important she feels a thorough practice of performance is, how she has been able to learn and improve through touring possibilities, and how it has informed her work to date. With a concern for sustainability in the artistic field, Liz Kinoshita examines her own mobility and choreographic practice, and its ability to stay relevant, necessary, experiential, and energizing.
Derek Miller. Copyright and the Value of Performance, 1770–1911.
Authors: Shanahan John
Published: August 2019

Derek Miller’s study examines how performances of drama and music became objects of copyright protection between 1770 and 1911. Copyright and the Value of Performance will be important for literary and performance historians for its account of changing models of ownership in music and live drama.
Jonathan Shandell. The American Negro Theatre and the Long Civil Rights Era.
Authors: Maley Patrick
Published: August 2019

As the first sustained examination of the Harlem-based American Negro Theatre (active from 1939–49), this book offers thoughtful analysis and provides a provocative foundation for future research. Shandell examines the ideological tensions at the company’s core and draws links from its work to twentieth and twenty-first century racial aesthetics and politics.
Dendritic solidification of highly undercooled dilute alloys
Authors: Xu Xiaolong , Zhao Yuhong , Hou Hua
Published: August 2019

Based on a current non-equilibrium dendrite growth model and a local non-equilibrium solute trapping model for dilute alloys, a model for rapid dendritic solidification of dilute alloys was developed. In the present work, we considered the results of the non-equilibrium dendrite growth model for solidification of dilute undercooled melts with different concentrations in order to reveal the concentration effect. Incorporating the fluid flow effect, we applied an extended chemical superheating model to predict the dendrite remelting of dilute undercooled melts. This model predicted that the dendrite remelting will disappear abruptly once the dendrite growth velocity exceeded the solute diffusion velocity in the liquid phase at the interface.
Thermodynamic properties of cerium molybdate
Authors: Nozaki Ai , Morishita Masao , Kinoshita Yoshiki , Yamamoto Hiroaki
Published: August 2019

Ce2(MoO4)3is a harmful phase formed in waste glasses from nuclear fuel. To determine the third-law entropy of Ce2(MoO4)3, the isobaric heat capacities,$C_{p,m}^^\circ $, were measured with a relaxation-method instrument at 2–300 K. The standard entropy,$\Delta _0^TS_{\rm{m}}^^\circ $, at 298.15 K was determined with fitting functions including the Debye–Einstein formula including electronic and spin-wave terms. The Néel temperature,TN, was estimated by extrapolation from the magnetic term in this fitting function. The phase stability of Ce2(MoO4)3is discussed in terms of its standard Gibbs energy of formation,${\Delta _f}G_{\rm{m}}^^\circ $, which was derived by combining the values for$S_m^^\circ $determined in this study with reference data for the standard enthalpy of formation,${\Delta _f}H_{\rm{m}}^^\circ $.
A new approach to reduce springback in sheet metal bending using digital image correlation
Authors: Xu Wan , Li Junrui , Zhang Boyang , Yang Lianxiang
Published: August 2019

Springback caused by elastic recovery is known to be a major disadvantage in sheet metal forming. Many studies focused on the prediction and compensation of springback in the bending process have used simulation and numerical methods, with experimental tests rarely being reported. A new approach, aimed at decreasing springback, is presented in this paper to solve the springback problem and provide a reference for other researchers. A new edge bending method called “incremental bending” has been developed and implemented on aluminum sheet at room temperature. Using this method, bending strain was lowered, leading to a reduction in springback. 3D Digital Image Correlation, an optical measurement technique, was adopted simultaneously to provide a high accuracy measurement of the full field strain distribution and springback curvature, making it very suitable for springback measurement. The experimental results show an obvious reduction of springback, which agrees well with the theoretical analysis. This work could help to minimize springback in sheet metal bending dramatically and improve formability and productivity, as well as provide a reference for researchers studying cold-bending. Details of the basic bending theory, experimental method, experimental results, and analysis will be demonstrated in the following content.
Evaluation of The In Vitro And In Vivo Inhibitory Effects of Enrofloxacin On the Growth of Babesia Species and Theileria Equi
Authors: Igarashi Ikuo , Yokoyama Naoaki , Salama Akram , AbdEl-Aziz Amer , AbouLaila Mahmoud , Mady Rehab , Menshawy Soad
Published: August 2019

Objectives: Enrofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is an inhibitor of prokaryotic topoisomerase II with antibacterial and antiparasitic activities. The study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of enrofloxacin on Babesia species and Theileria equi in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The inhibitory effects of enrofloxacin were evaluated in vitro cultures using in vitro inhibition assay of three Babesia species and Theileria equi; furthermore, the in vivo inhibitory effect of enrofloxacin was evaluated in the mice model of Babesia microti. Results: The IC50 values of enrofloxacin were 4.9, 4.5, 4, and 3.9 nM for B. bovis, B. bigemina, B. caballi, and B. equi, respectively. Enrofloxacin at a dose rate of 10 mg/kg resulted in a 92.9 % inhibition of Babesia microti growth in BALB/c mice. Combination therapy of enrofloxacin at a dose rate of 5 mg/kg with diminazene aceturate at a dose rate of 12.5 mg/kg resulted in 93.83 % inhibition of Babesia microti growth in BALB/c mice. Conclusions: Enrofloxacin might be used for drug therapy in babesiosis.
Vitamin D, Adiponectin, Oxidative Stress, Lipid Profile, and Nutrient Intakes in the Females with Acne Vulgaris: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Moazen Mahsa , Mazloom Zohreh , Jowkar Farideh , Nasimi Nasrin , Moein Zahra
Published: August 2019

Background: Acne vulgaris is a dermatological disorder that is related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Recent studies have also suggested diet as a potential reason for acne. Considering the inconsistency of the few previous reports, the present study aimed to determine the levels of vitamin D, adiponectin, oxidative stress, lipid profile and nutrient intakes in females with acne. Materials and Methods: Forty females with acne vulgaris and 40 age-matched healthy females were included in this study in Shiraz, Iran. Data on their sociodemographic status, acne history, and anthropometric indices were collected. Blood samples were taken to determine the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, adiponectin, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, and lipid profile. Three 24-hour dietary recalls were also obtained from each of the individuals to evaluate nutrient intakes. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, Independent-samples t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test, and Logistic Regression. Results: Patients with acne had a significantly higher family history of acne compared to controls (P=0.006). Serum level of malondialdehyde was significantly higher in cases (P=0.01), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower (P=0.02). Moreover, significantly lower fiber intake was observed in cases compared with controls (P=0.007). In the multivariate analysis, a family history of acne and increased malondialdehyde levels were risk factors for acne, whereas a higher fiber intake was protective. Conclusion: Family history of acne, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and lower dietary fiber intakes may play a role in acne pathogenesis. An early assessment of these parameters may be useful for planning treatment procedures. [GMJ.2019;8:e1515]
Contemporary Megaprojects
Authors: Schindler Seth , Fadaee Simin , Brockington Dan
Published: August 2019

There is renewed interest in megaprojects worldwide. In contrast to high-modernist megaprojects that were discrete projects undertaken by centralized authorities, contemporary megaprojects are often decentralized and pursued by a range of stakeholders from governments as well as the private sector. They leverage cutting-edge technology to ‘see’ complex systems as legible and singular phenomena. As a result, they are more ambitious, more pervasive and they have the potential to reconfigure longstanding relationships that have animated social and ecological systems. The articles in this issue explore the novel features of contemporary megaprojects, they show how the proponents of contemporary megaprojects aspire to technologically enabled omnipresence, and they document the resistance that megaprojects have provoked.
Biomimicry as a Meta-Resource and Megaproject
Authors: Davidov Veronica
Published: August 2019

This literature review of biomimicry and related models of treating nature as a meta-resource on a mega-scale integrates concepts of resources and abundance. Biomimicry, which lies at the intersection of biosciences and industrial design, is a praxis for drawing on designs and processes found in nature and using them as inspirational sources for technologies. Environmental anthropology often focuses on processes such as extraction and commodification that position nature as governed by an economy of scarcity with its existential state characterized by attenuation. The paradigm of biomimicry, on the other hand, construes nature as an infinitely renewable and generative mega-resource and meta-resource, one that is governable by an economy of abundance rather than scarcity. This literature review analyzes intellectual and epistemological trends and frameworks that have served as precursors to and have emerged around biomimicry across disciplines that treat the paradigm of biomimicry as a highly variable epistemological object.
Mega-Plantations in Southeast Asia
Authors: Kenney-Lazar Miles , Ishikawa Noboru
Published: August 2019

This article reviews a wide body of literature on the emergence and expansion of agro-industrial, monoculture plantations across Southeast Asia through the lens of megaprojects. Following the characterization of megaprojects as displacement, we define mega-plantations as plantation development that rapidly and radically transforms landscapes in ways that displace and replace preexisting human and nonhuman communities. Mega-plantations require the application of large amounts of capital and political power and the transnational organization of labor, capital, and material. They emerged in Southeast Asia under European colonialism in the nineteenth century and have expanded again since the 1980s at an unprecedented scale and scope to feed global appetites for agro-industrial commodities such as palm oil and rubber. While they have been contested by customary land users, smallholders, civil society organizations, and even government regulators, their displacement and transformation of Southeast Asia’s rural landscapes will likely endure for quite some time.
Perforación gástrica proximal. Excepcional complicación post emplazamiento de stent en un adenocarcinoma de la unión gastroesofágica
Authors: Rabellino Juan , López Patricia , Ruso Martínez Luis
Published: August 2019

Las tumores de la unión esofagogástrica (UEG) han incrementado su incidencia y con ella las complicaciones vinculadas al tratamiento paliativo de la disfagia.  Se comunica un hombre de 65 años, portador de un neoplasma de UEG  con metástasis hepáticas, en que se realizo tratamiento con stent autoexpansible,  presentando como complicación la migración y perforación a nivel gástrico.  Considerando que hasta un 50-60% de los canceres de  UEG  requieren tratamiento paliativo, la colocación de stent endoscópico es una opción frecuentemente utilizada ,cuya tasa de complicaciones llega hasta el 40%,entre las cuales la migración y perforación gástrica es una rara y grave complicación que requiere de tratamiento quirúrgico inmediato.
Perforación duodenal post-colangiopancreatografía endoscópica retrógrada.
Authors: Almada Mario , Martínez José , Muniz Nicolás , Bonilla Fernando , Misa Ricardo
Published: August 2019

La perforación duodenal secundaria a la colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) es una complicación infrecuente que sucede en un 0,01 – 2,1 % de los casos. El manejo terapéutico, sea conservador o quirúrgico, depende de varios factores. Presentamos el caso de una mujer que sufrió una perforación duodenal post-CPRE que se trató de manera mini-invasiva con abordaje laparoscópico y drenaje transparietal bajo imagen, evitando el tratamiento quirúrgico tradicional laparotómico
Social transaction: A relevant paradigm for the sociology of sexuality and gender?
Authors: Gibout Christophe
Published: August 2019

This article explores the possible utility of the Social Transaction Paradigm approach to sexual research, sketching its theoretical outline, exploring key studies and showing its applicability as an alternative and possibly innovative approach to the study of sexuality.
PERANCANGAN PERANGKAT LUNAK “SISTEM INFORMASI ABSENSI KARYAWAN” DI BAGIAN DOKUMEN CV. NIASA BANDUNG
Authors: Yusman Nova Indrayana
Published: August 2019

CV Niasa is a company that engaged in the produce of foods namely chocolate and cakes. CV Niasa Provides chocolate and cakes with various types of shapes and flavors. However, the attendance system that the employee used is still very simple, in recording employee attendance. Is it very inefficient and ineffective because it spend a lot of time and the risk of error is relatively greater in recording of each employee’s absence. Therefore, it is necessary to create a system of employee attendance recording with the aim that the attendance recording activities will be more effective and efficient both in terms of time, and in terms of reducing the risk of error and can also facilitate the presentation of annual reports so that it can facilitate leaders to make decisions.             In the use of the program, the author chose to use Visual Basic programming 2010, because Visual Basic 2010 is the best and easiest to use in any programming language. Based on the background above, the author intends to make a computerized attendance system with the hope that employee attendance activities become more effective and efficient. In connection with this, the author compose this journal with the title : PERANCANGAN PERANGKAT LUNAK  “SISTEM ABSENSI KARYAWAN” Di BAGIAN DOKUMEN CV NIASA BANDUNG.CV Niasa is a company that engaged in the produce of foods namely chocolate and cakes. CV Niasa Provides chocolate and cakes with various types of shapes and flavors. However, the attendance system that the employee used is still very simple, in recording employee attendance. Is it very inefficient and ineffective because it spend a lot of time and the risk of error is relatively greater in recording of each employee’s absence. Therefore, it is necessary to create a system of employee attendance recording with the aim that the attendance recording activities will be more effective and efficient both in terms of time, and in terms of reducing the risk of error and can also facilitate the presentation of annual reports so that it can facilitate leaders to make decisions.                In the use of the program, the author chose to use Visual Basic programming 2010, because Visual Basic 2010 is the best and easiest to use in any programming language. Based on the background above, the author intends to make a computerized attendance system with the hope that employee attendance activities become more effective and efficient. In connection with this, the author compose this journal with the title : PERANCANGAN PERANGKAT LUNAK  “SISTEM ABSENSI KARYAWAN” Di BAGIAN DOKUMEN CV NIASA BANDUNG.
PRODUKTIVITAS KATA SERAPAN BAHASA INDONESIA (STUDI KASUS KATA HIJAB)
Authors: Muthia Ratna , Luthfan M. Aqil
Published: August 2019

Abstract

The word hijab is an uptake from Arabic language in Indonesian. The meaning of the hijab has change of culture in society. In this study, the productivity of hijab is analyzed by knowing the formation of words through affixation process that takes place on the word. This study used descriptive qualitative method. Research data were obtained by using the technique of record and analyzed by reading markup technique and strengthened technique. The results of this study: first, affixation of the hijab with affix meN-, meN-i, and meN-kan a result in transitive verbs, whereas affixation with affixed peN- and peN-an produces derivative nouns. Second, the affixation of hijab with affixes ber-, ter-, and ter-i, and ter-kan produces intransitive verbs, whereas affixation with affixes -er and pe-an produces derived nouns. The view of Indonesian speakers with regard to the word is as follows. First, the of consistence Indonesian speakers in using the word hijab. Second, Indonesian speakers consider that wearing according to the rules of religion is the choice of each person. Third, the attitude of openness of Indonesian speakers to other languages.

Keyword: affixation, transitive verbs, intransitive verbs, grammatical meanings.

 

Abstrak

Kata hijab merupakan kata serapan dari bahasa Arab dalam bahasa Indonesia. Pengertian kata hijab mengalami perubahan seiring dengan adanya perubahan budaya dalam masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini produktivitas kata hijab dianalisis dengan mengetahui pembentukan kata melalui proses afiksasi yang berlangsung pada kata tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik catat dan dianalisis dengan teknik baca markah dan teknik pemerkuat. Hasil penelitian ini, pertama, afiksasi pada kata hijab dengan afiks meN-, meN-i, dan meN-kan menghasilkan verba transitif, sedangkan afiksasi dengan imbuhan peN- dan peN-an menghasilkan nomina turunannya. Kedua, afiksasi pada kata hijab dengan afiks ber-, ter-, ter-i, dan ter-kan menghasilkan verba intransitif, sedangkan afiksasi dengan imbuhan -er dan pe-an menghasilkan nomina turunannya. Adapun pandangan penutur bahasa Indonesia yang berkenaan dengan kata tersebut adalah sebagai berikut. Pertama, adanya keajegan penutur bahasa Indonesia dalam menggunakan kata hijab. Kedua, penutur bahasa Indonesia menganggap bahwa upaya seseorang untuk menutup tubuhnya sesuai dengan aturan agama adalah pilihan masing-masing orang. Ketiga, adanya sikap keterbukaan penutur bahasa Indonesia terhadap bahasa lain.

Kata kunci: afiksasi, verba transitif, verba intransitif, makna gramatikal.
Distributed Balanced Partitioning via Linear Embedding †
Authors: Aydin Kevin , Bateni MohammadHossein , Mirrokni Vahab
Published: August 2019

Balanced partitioning is often a crucial first step in solving large-scale graph optimization problems, for example, in some cases, a big graph can be chopped into pieces that fit on one machine to be processed independently before stitching the results together, leading to certain suboptimality from the interaction among different pieces. In other cases, links between different parts may show up in the running time and/or network communications cost, hence the desire to have small cut size. We study a distributed balanced-partitioning problem where the goal is to partition the vertices of a given graph into k pieces so as to minimize the total cut size. Our algorithm is composed of a few steps that are easily implementable in distributed computation frameworks such as MapReduce. The algorithm first embeds nodes of the graph onto a line, and then processes nodes in a distributed manner guided by the linear embedding order. We examine various ways to find the first embedding, for example, via a hierarchical clustering or Hilbert curves. Then we apply four different techniques including local swaps, and minimum cuts on the boundaries of partitions, as well as contraction and dynamic programming. As our empirical study, we compare the above techniques with each other, and also to previous work in distributed graph algorithms, for example, a label-propagation method, FENNEL and Spinner. We report our results both on a private map graph and several public social networks, and show that our results beat previous distributed algorithms: For instance, compared to the label-propagation algorithm, we report an improvement of 15–25% in the cut value. We also observe that our algorithms admit scalable distributed implementation for any number of partitions. Finally, we explain three applications of this work at Google: (1) Balanced partitioning is used to route multi-term queries to different replicas in Google Search backend in a way that reduces the cache miss rates by ≈ 0.5 % , which leads to a double-digit gain in throughput of production clusters. (2) Applied to the Google Maps Driving Directions, balanced partitioning minimizes the number of cross-shard queries with the goal of saving in CPU usage. This system achieves load balancing by dividing the world graph into several “shards”. Live experiments demonstrate an ≈ 40 % drop in the number of cross-shard queries when compared to a standard geography-based method. (3) In a job scheduling problem for our data centers, we use balanced partitioning to evenly distribute the work while minimizing the amount of communication across geographically distant servers. In fact, the hierarchical nature of our solution goes well with the layering of data center servers, where certain machines are closer to each other and have faster links to one another.
Equisum Partitions of Sets of Positive Integers
Authors: Eggleton Roger B.
Published: August 2019

Let V be a finite set of positive integers with sum equal to a multiple of the integer b . When does V have a partition into b parts so that all parts have equal sums? We develop algorithmic constructions which yield positive, albeit incomplete, answers for the following classes of set V , where n is a given positive integer: (1) an initial interval { a ∈ ℤ + : a ≤ n } ; (2) an initial interval of primes { p ∈ ℙ : p ≤ n } , where ℙ is the set of primes; (3) a divisor set { d ∈ ℤ + : d | n } ; (4) an aliquot set { d ∈ ℤ + : d | n ,   d < n } . Open general questions and conjectures are included for each of these classes.
Design and Testing of a Paraffin-Based 1000 N HRE Breadboard
Authors: Battista Francesco , Cardillo Daniele , Fragiacomo Manrico , Di Martino Giuseppe Daniele , Mungiguerra Stefano , Savino Raffaele
Published: August 2019

The paper presents some relevant achievements in hybrid rocket propulsion carried out by the Italian Aerospace Research Centre. On the basis of the experimental results obtained on a 200 N thrust class engine, a 1000 N class breadboard, fed with gaseous oxygen coupled with a paraffin-based fuel grain, was designed and experimentally tested in different conditions. The breadboard exhibited a stable combustion in all the firing test conditions; the testing campaign allowed the acquisition of different experimental data, as pre and post-combustion chamber pressure, throat material temperature, pre-combustion chamber temperature. The new breadboard was characterized by higher measured regression rate values with respect to corresponding data obtained with the smaller scale one, highlighting that the oxidizer mass flux is not the only operating quantity affecting the fuel consumption behavior, which could be also influenced by scale parameters, such as the grain port diameter, and other operating conditions, such as the mixture ratio.
Role of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Signaling in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Konishi Mitsuru , Hayakawa Yoku , Koike Kazuhiko
Published: August 2019

In the tumor microenvironment, various stromal and immune cells accumulate and interact with cancer cells to contribute to tumor progression. Among stromal players, nerves have recently been recognized as key regulators of tumor growth. More neurotransmitters, such as catecholamines and acetylcholine (ACh), are present in tumors, as the cells that secrete neurotransmitters accumulate by the release of neurotrophic factors from cancer cells. In this short review, we focus on the role of nerve signaling in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Given that muscarinic acetylcholine receptor signaling seems to be a dominant regulator of GI stem cells and cancers, we review the function and mechanism of the muscarinic ACh pathway as a regulator of GI cancer progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that ACh, which is secreted from nerves and tuft cells, stimulates GI epithelial stem cells and contributes to cancer progression via muscarinic receptors.
Integration of Radiomic and Multi-omic Analyses Predicts Survival of Newly Diagnosed IDH1 Wild-Type Glioblastoma
Authors: Chaddad Ahmad , Daniel Paul , Sabri Siham , Desrosiers Christian , Abdulkarim Bassam
Published: August 2019

Predictors of patient outcome derived from gene methylation, mutation, or expression are severely limited in IDH1 wild-type glioblastoma (GBM). Radiomics offers an alternative insight into tumor characteristics which can provide complementary information for predictive models. The study aimed to evaluate whether predictive models which integrate radiomic, gene, and clinical (multi-omic) features together offer an increased capacity to predict patient outcome. A dataset comprising 200 IDH1 wild-type GBM patients, derived from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) (n = 71) and the McGill University Health Centre (n = 129), was used in this study. Radiomic features (n = 45) were extracted from tumor volumes then correlated to biological variables and clinical outcomes. By performing 10-fold cross-validation (n = 200) and utilizing independent training/testing datasets (n = 100/100), an integrative model was derived from multi-omic features and evaluated for predictive strength. Integrative models using a limited panel of radiomic (sum of squares variance, large zone/low gray emphasis, autocorrelation), clinical (therapy type, age), genetic (CIC, PIK3R1, FUBP1) and protein expression (p53, vimentin) yielded a maximal AUC of 78.24% (p = 2.9 × 10−5). We posit that multi-omic models using the limited set of ‘omic’ features outlined above can improve capacity to predict the outcome for IDH1 wild-type GBM patients.
Association between PD-1 and PD-L1 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies
Authors: Hashemi Mohammad , Karami Shima , Sarabandi Sahel , Moazeni-Roodi Abdolkarim , Małecki Andrzej , Ghavami Saeid , Wiechec Emilia
Published: August 2019

A number of case-control studies regarding the association of the polymorphisms in the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) genes with the risk of cancer have yielded inconsistent findings. Therefore, we have conducted a comprehensive, updated meta-analysis study to identify the impact of PD-1 and PD-L1 polymorphisms on overall cancer susceptibility. The findings revealed that PD-1 rs2227981 and rs11568821 polymorphisms significantly decreased the overall cancer risk (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.68–0.99, p = 0.04, TT vs. CT+CC; OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.67–0.94, p = 0.006, AG vs. GG, and OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.70–0.96, p = 0.020, AG+AA vs. GG, respectively), while PD-1 rs7421861 polymorphism significantly increased the risk of developing cancer (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.02–1.33, p = 0.03, CT vs. TT). The PD-L1 rs4143815 variant significantly decreased the risk of cancer in homozygous (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.41–0.94, p = 0.02), dominant (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.50–0.97, p = 0.03), recessive (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60–0.96, p = 0.02), and allele (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.63–0.96, p = 0.02) genetic models. No significant association between rs2227982, rs36084323, rs10204525, and rs2890658 polymorphisms and overall cancer risk has been found. In conclusions, the results of this meta-analysis have revealed an association between PD-1 rs2227981, rs11568821, rs7421861, as well as PD-L1 rs4143815 polymorphisms and overall cancer susceptibility.
Molecular Imaging of the Dopamine Transporter
Authors: Palermo Giovanni , Ceravolo Roberto
Published: August 2019

Dopamine transporter (DAT) single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) with (123)Ioflupane is a widely used diagnostic tool for patients with suspected parkinsonian syndromes, as it assists with differentiating between Parkinson’s disease (PD) or atypical parkinsonisms and conditions without a presynaptic dopaminergic deficit such as essential tremor, vascular and drug-induced parkinsonisms. Recent evidence supports its utility as in vivo proof of degenerative parkinsonisms, and DAT imaging has been proposed as a potential surrogate marker for dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons. However, the interpretation of DAT-SPECT imaging may be challenged by several factors including the loss of DAT receptor density with age and the effect of certain drugs on dopamine uptake. Furthermore, a clear, direct relationship between nigral loss and DAT decrease has been controversial so far. Striatal DAT uptake could reflect nigral neuronal loss once the loss exceeds 50%. Indeed, reduction of DAT binding seems to be already present in the prodromal stage of PD, suggesting both an early synaptic dysfunction and the activation of compensatory changes to delay the onset of symptoms. Despite a weak correlation with PD severity and progression, quantitative measurements of DAT binding at baseline could be used to predict the emergence of late-disease motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. This review addresses the possibilities and limitations of DAT-SPECT in PD and, focusing specifically on regulatory changes of DAT in surviving DA neurons, we investigate its role in diagnosis and its prognostic value for motor complications as disease progresses.
An End to End Process Development for UAV-SfM Based Forest Monitoring: Individual Tree Detection, Species Classification and Carbon Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Fujimoto Ayana , Haga Chihiro , Matsui Takanori , Machimura Takashi , Hayashi Kiichiro , Sugita Satoru , Takagi Hiroaki
Published: August 2019

To promote Bio-Energy with Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (BECCS), which aims to replace fossil fuels with bio energy and store carbon underground, and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+), which aims to reduce the carbon emissions produced by forest degradation, it is important to build forest management plans based on the scientific prediction of forest dynamics. For Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) at an individual tree level, it is expected that techniques will be developed to support forest management via the effective monitoring of changes to individual trees. In this study, an end-to-end process was developed: (1) detecting individual trees from Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) derived digital images; (2) estimating the stand structure from crown images; (3) visualizing future carbon dynamics using a forest ecosystem process model. This process could detect 93.4% of individual trees, successfully classified two species using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with 83.6% accuracy and evaluated future ecosystem carbon dynamics and the source-sink balance using individual based model FORMIND. Further ideas for improving the sub-process of the end to end process were discussed. This process is expected to contribute to activities concerned with carbon management such as designing smart utilization for biomass resources and projecting scenarios for the sustainable use of ecosystem services.
Tempering Improves Flour Properties of Refined Intermediate Wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium)
Authors: Tyl Catrin , Bharathi Radhika , Schoenfuss Tonya , Annor George Amponsah
Published: August 2019

Progress in breeding of intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium), a perennial grain with environmental benefits, has enabled bran removal. Thus, determination of optimum milling conditions for production of refined flours is warranted. This study explored the effect of tempering conditions on intermediate wheatgrass flour properties, namely composition, color, solvent retention capacity, starch damage, and polyphenol oxidase activity. Changes in flour attributes were evaluated via a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial design, with factors targeting moisture (comparing un-tempered controls to samples of 12% and 14% target moisture), time (4, 8, and 24 h), and temperature (30 and 45 °C). All investigated parameters were significantly affected by target moisture; however, samples tempered to 12% moisture showed few differences to those tempered to 14%. Similarly, neither tempering time nor temperature exerted pronounced effects on most flour properties, indicating water uptake was fast and not dependent on temperature within the investigated range. Lactic acid retention capacity significantly correlated with ash (r = −0.739, p < 0.01), insoluble dietary fiber (r = −0.746, p < 0.01), polyphenol oxidase activity (r = −0.710, p < 0.01), starch content (r = 0.841, p < 0.01), and starch damage (r = 0.842, p < 0.01), but not with protein (r = 0.357, p > 0.05). In general, tempering resulted in flour with less bran contamination but only minor losses in protein.
Utilization of Fermented Rice Milk as a Novel Coagulant for Development of Paneer (Soft Cheese)
Authors: Amini Rasool , Islam Md , Kitamura Yutaka , Kokawa Mito
Published: August 2019

In this study, fermented rice milk was used as a novel coagulant for a type of soft cheese named as paneer. Rice milk was produced by a wet milling system in a process where brown rice was first soaked in water at a ratio of 1:2 (w/w), then milled by micro wet milling. Rice milk was pasteurized and gelatinized followed by the saccharification and lactic acid fermentation process. Paneer was produced using whole dairy milk mixed with 10%, 20%, and 30% of simultaneous saccharified and fermented (SSF) rice milk as a coagulant, and was analyzed for its physicochemical, microbial, and sensory properties. The results indicated that fermented rice milk has constructive effects on the physicochemical properties, texture, and shelf life of paneer, as there were no obvious defects observed for up to 12 days of storage at 4 °C. The sensory evaluation revealed that the acceptability score of the samples containing rice milk reduced slightly compared to the control samples. No significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were observed among all the paneer samples incorporated with different percentages of rice milk, and the product was rated acceptable.
Prevalence and Predictors of Vitamin D Deficiency among African Immigrants Living in Australia
Authors: Horton-French Kahlea , Dunlop Eleanor , Lucas Robyn M. , Pereira Gavin , Black Lucinda J.
Published: August 2019

Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations <50 nmol/L) is a public health issue in Australia and internationally. Those with darker skin require a greater dose of ultraviolet B radiation from sunlight than those with paler skin to synthesise adequate amounts of vitamin D. Using data from the 2011–2013 Australian Health Survey, we investigated the prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency in African immigrants aged ≥18 years living in Australia (n = 236). Serum 25(OH)D was measured using a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method that is certified to international reference measurement procedures. Poisson regression was used to investigate independent predictors of vitamin D deficiency. A total of 36% of adults were vitamin D deficient (35% of men, 37% of women). The prevalence ratio (PR) of vitamin D deficiency decreased by 2% per year of age (PR 0.98; 95% CI (0.97, 0.99); p = 0.004) and was 1.6 times higher in those with low/sedentary, compared to moderate/high, physical activity levels (PR 1.64; 95% CI (1.12, 2.39); p = 0.011). The greatest risk was for those assessed during winter/spring compared with summer/autumn (PR 1.89; 95% CI (1.33, 2.64); p < 0.001). Culturally appropriate messaging on safe sun exposure and dietary vitamin D is warranted in order to promote vitamin D sufficiency in African immigrants living in Australia.
Correlates of Children’s Independent Mobility in Canada: A Multi-Site Study
Authors: Riazi Negin A. , Blanchette Sébastien , Trudeau François , Larouche Richard , Tremblay Mark S. , Faulkner Guy
Published: August 2019

Globally, physical inactivity is a concern, and children’s independent mobility (CIM) may be an important target behavior for addressing the physical inactivity crisis. The aim of this study was to examine correlates of CIM (8–12 years old) in the Canadian context to inform future interventions. CIM was measured via parent surveys. Individual, social, and environmental correlates of CIM were examined using a social–ecological framework. 1699 participants’ data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and gender-stratified linear mixed-effects models while controlling for site, area-level socioeconomic status, and type of urbanization. Individual correlates including child grade (β = 0.612, p < 0.001), language spoken at home (β = −0.503, p < 0.001), car ownership (β = −0.374, p < 0.05), and phone ownership (β = 0.593, p < 0.001) were associated with CIM. For boys, parental gender (β = −0.387, p < 0.01) was negatively associated with CIM. Parents’ perceptions of safety and environment were significantly associated with CIM. Location (i.e., site) was significantly associated with CIM (ref: Trois-Rivières; Ottawa (β = −1.188, p < 0.001); Vancouver (β = −1.216, p < 0.001)). Suburban environments were negatively associated with boys’ independent mobility (β = −0.536, p < 0.05), while walkability (400 m β = 0.064, p < 0.05; 1600 m β = −0.059, p < 0.05) was significantly associated with girls’ independent mobility only. Future research and interventions should consider targeting “modifiable factors” like children’s and parents’ perceptions of neighborhood safety and environment.