bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions by biochar derived from Chaenomeles sinensis seed
Authors: Hu Xiaoling , Song Jianyang , Wang Hongyu , Zhang Wei , Wang Bin , Lyu Wanlin , Wang Qilong , Liu Pei , Chen Ling , Xing Jie
Published: January 2020

In order to utilize the discarded Chaenomeles sinensis seed (CSS) and develop low-cost biochar for heavy metal pollution control, this study pyrolyzed CSS to prepare biochar at three different temperatures (300, 450 and 600 °C). The physicochemical properties of CSS biochar such as elemental composition, surface area, surface morphology and surface functional groups were characterized. Its adsorption properties including kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were studied. The results showed that the adsorption equilibrium was reached at 5 h, which was relatively fast. CSS biochar prepared at 450 °C (CSS450) had the maximum adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) and Cu(II), which was 93.19 mg/g and 105.12 mg/g, respectively. The thermodynamic parameter ΔG0 < 0 and the isotherm parameter RL between 0 and 1 all revealed the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption process. The removal of Cr(VI) exhibited high efficiency in a wide pH range (1–10), while the removal of Cu(II) was pH-dependent and optimal at pH = 6. The coexisting ions in the solution showed slight inhibition of the adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II). Additionally, Cu(II) exhibited better affinity for CSS450 than Cr(VI) in dynamic adsorption. This is the first study to prepare biochar from CSS and confirms its potential application for heavy metal remediation.
Análise da garantia de escoamento de petróleo em águas profundas em relação à deposição de parafina
Authors: Ferreira Matos Sarah , Altoé Leandra
Published: January 2020

A produção em campos offshore, em especial de águas profundas e ultra profundas de campos do pré-sal, possui desafios característicos à garantia de escoamento. Entre eles, pode-se destacar a deposição de parafina ao longo das extensas tubulações de produção, em função das profundas lâminas d’água e do consequente perfil de temperatura ao longo do escoamento. As parafinas são componentes de alto peso molecular do petróleo e tendem a se precipitar e se depositar nas superfícies sólidas das paredes das tubulações, quando a temperatura do óleo é reduzida à temperatura inicial de aparecimento de cristais. Ao se acumularem, os depósitos de parafina levam à redução da área aberta ao fluxo nas linhas de escoamento, prejudicam a vazão de produção, e podem bloquear as tubulações. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise quanto à garantia de escoamento de óleo em águas profundas, em que se pôde verificar, por meio de simulação computacional, o perfil de temperatura e as condições favoráveis à cristalização e deposição de parafina ao longo das linhas de produção. A simulação foi feita considerando dados de produção do poço Lula Oeste, do Campo de Lula, presente na Bacia de Santos. Por meio do estudo realizado foi possível concluir que a produção de petróleo nas condições de águas profundas e ultra profundas se mostra complexa e desafiadora, o que torna fundamental para a operação a gestão de métodos e estratégias de prevenção e remoção de depósitos de parafina, de forma a garantir o escoamento de óleo nas tubulações.
Effect of Isolated Proteins from Crotalus Durissus Terrificus Venom on Leishmania (Leishmania) Amazonensis-Infected Macrophages
Authors: Katz Simone , Barbiéri Clara Lúcia , Soler Fernanda Paula Martins , Soares Andreimar Martins , Chavantes Maria Cristina , Zamuner Stella Regina
Published: January 2020

Background:

Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis are parasitic diseases
characterized by skin manifestations. In Brazil, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis is one of the
etiological agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The therapeutic arsenal routinely employed to treat
infected patients is unsatisfactory, especially for pentavalent antimonials, as they are often highly
toxic, poorly tolerated and of variable effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the
leishmanicidal activity of toxins isolated from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom as a new
approach for the treatment of leishmaniasis.

Methods:

The comparative effects of crotamine, crotoxin, gyrotoxin, convulxin and PLA2 on bone
marrow-derived macrophages infected with L. (L.) amazonensis as well as the release of TGF-β
from the treated macrophages were studied.

Results and Discussion:

Crotamine had the strongest inhibitory effect on parasite growth rate
(IC50: 25.65±0.52 μg/mL), while convulxin showed the weakest inhibitory effect (IC50: 52.7±2.21
μg/mL). In addition, TGF-β was significantly reduced after the treatment with all toxins evaluated.

Conclusion:

The Crotalus durissus terrificus toxins used in this study displayed significant activity
against L. (L.) amazonensis, indicating that all of them could be a potential alternative for the
treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Characterization of Three Osmotin-Like Proteins from Plumeria rubra and Prospection for Adiponectin Peptidomimetics
Authors: Freitas Cleverson D.T. de , Nishi Beatriz C. , do Nascimento Camila T.M. , Silva Maria Z.R. , Bezerra Eduardo H.S. , Rocha Bruno A.M. , Grangeiro Thalles B. , Oliveira João P.B. de , Souza Pedro F. Noronha , Ramos Márcio V.
Published: January 2020

Background:

Osmotin-Like Proteins (OLPs) have been purified and characterized from
different plant tissues, including latex fluids. Besides its defensive role, tobacco osmotin seems to
induce adiponectin-like physiological effects, acting as an agonist. However, molecular information
about this agonistic effect on adiponectin receptors has been poorly exploited and other osmotins
have not been investigated yet.

Objective and Methods:

The present study involved the characterization of three OLPs from
Plumeria rubra latex and molecular docking studies to evaluate the interaction between them and
adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2).

Results:

P. rubra Osmotin-Like Proteins (PrOLPs) exhibited molecular masses from 21 to 25 kDa
and isoelectric points ranging from 4.4 to 7.7. The proteins have 16 cysteine residues, which are
involved in eight disulfide bonds, conserved in the same positions as other plant OLPs. The threedimensional
(3D) models exhibited the three typical domains of OLPs, and molecular docking
analysis showed that two PrOLP peptides interacted with two adiponectin receptors similarly to
tobacco osmotin peptide.

Conclusion:

As observed for tobacco osmotin, the latex osmotins of P. rubra exhibited compatible
interactions with adiponectin receptors. Therefore, these plant defense proteins (without known
counterparts in humans) are potential tools to study modulation of glucose metabolism in type II
diabetes, where adiponectin plays a pivotal role in homeostasis.
A Hidden Human Proteome Signature Characterizes the Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Program
Authors: Vergara Daniele , Verri Tiziano , Damato Marina , Trerotola Marco , Simeone Pasquale , Franck Julien , Fournier Isabelle , Salzet Michel , Maffia Michele
Published: January 2020

Background:

Molecular changes associated with the initiation of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition
(EMT) program involve alterations of large proteome-based networks. The role of protein products mapping
to non-coding genomic regions is still unexplored.

Objective:

The goal of this study was the identification of an alternative protein signature in breast cancer cellular
models with a distinct expression of EMT markers.

Methods:

We profiled MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells using liquid-chromatography mass/spectrometry (LCMS/
MS) and interrogated the OpenProt database to identify novel predicted isoforms and novel predicted proteins
from alternative open reading frames (AltProts).

Results:

Our analysis revealed an AltProt and isoform protein signature capable of classifying the two breast
cancer cell lines. Among the most highly expressed alternative proteins, we observed proteins potentially associated
with inflammation, metabolism and EMT.

Conclusion:

Here, we present an AltProts signature associated with EMT. Further studies will be needed to define
their role in cancer progression.
Screening of an Alkaline CMCase-Producing Strain and the Optimization of its Fermentation Condition
Authors: Zhou Junmei , Yin Lianghong , Wu Chenbin , Wu Sijia , Lu Jidong , Fang Hailing , Qian Yongchang
Published: January 2020

Objective:

Alkaline Carboxymethyl Cellulase (CMCase) is an attractive enzyme for the textile,
laundry, pulp, and paper industries; however, commercial preparations with sufficient activity at
alkaline conditions are scarce.

Methods:

High CMCase-producing bacterial isolate, SX9-4, was screened out from soil bacteria,
which was identified as Flavobacterium sp. on the basis of 16S rDNA sequencing.

Results:

The optimum pH and temperature for CMCase reaction were 8.0 and 55°C, respectively. Alkaline
CMCase was stable over wide pH (3.0-10.6) and temperature (25-55°C) ranges. Enzyme activity
was significantly inhibited by the bivalent cations Mn2+
and Cu2+, and was activated by Fe2+. To improve
the alkaline CMCase production of SX9-4, fermentation parameters were selected through onefactor-
at-a-time and further carried out by response surface methodologies based on a central composite
design.

Conclusion:

High CMCase production (57.18 U/mL) was achieved under the optimal conditions:
10.53 g/L carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 7.74 g/L glucose, 13.71 g/L peptone, and 5.27 g/L ammonium
oxalate.
Circular RNA and Diabetes: Epigenetic Regulator with Diagnostic Role
Authors: Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi Kazem , Radbakhsh Shabnam , Pourhanifeh Mohammad Hossein , Khanbabaei Hashem , Davoodvandi Amirhosein , Fathizadeh Hadis , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Shahrzad Mohammad Karim , Mirzaei Hamed
Published: January 2020

Circular RNAs, a group of endogenous non-coding RNAs, are characterized
by covalently closed cyclic structures with no poly-adenylated tails. It has been recently
recommended that cirRNAs have an essential role in regulating genes expression by
functioning as a translational regulator, RNA binding protein sponge and microRNA
sponge. Due to their close relation to the progression of various diseases such as
diabetes, circRNAs have become a research hotspot. A number of circRNAs (i.e.,
circRNA_0054633, circHIPK3, circANKRD36, and circRNA11783-2) have been shown
to be associated with initiation and progression of diabetes. Based on reports, in a
tissue, some circRNAs are expressed in a developmental stage-specific manner. In this
study, we reviewed research on circular RNAs involved in the pathogenesis and
diagnosis of diabetes and their prognostic roles.
4-Oxoquinoline Derivatives as Antivirals: A Ten Years Overview
Authors: Batalha Pedro N. , da S.M. Forezi Luana , Tolentino Nathalia M. de C. , Sagrillo Fernanda S. , de Oliveira Vanessa G. , de Souza Maria Cecília B.V. , da C.S. Boechat Fernanda
Published: January 2020

4-Oxoquinoline derivatives constitute an important family of biologically important substances,
associated with different bioactivities, which can be synthesized by different synthetic methods,
allowing the design and preparation of libraries of substances with specific structural variations capable
of modulating their pharmacological action. Over the last years, these substances have been extensively
explored by the scientific community in efforts to develop new biologically active agents, with greater
efficiency for the treatment of a variety of diseases. Viral infections have been one of the targets of
these studies, although to a lesser extent than other diseases such as cancer and bacterial infections.
Nevertheless, the literature provides examples that corroborate with the fact that these substances may
act on different pharmacological targets in different viral pathogens. This review provides a compilation
of some of the major studies published in recent years showing the discovery and/or development of
new antiviral oxoquinoline agents, highlighting, whenever possible, their mechanisms of action.
Molecular Docking of 4-ethoxychalcones on Oxidoreductase/Pirin Inhibitors and Cytotoxic Evaluation on Breast/Skin Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Harshitha Kishori Ramachandra , Sarojini Balladka Kunhanna , Narayana Badiadka , Lobo Anupam Glorious , Kalal Bhuvanesh Sukhlal
Published: January 2020

Background:

The role of α, β unsaturated propenone derivatives, has attracted the
chemists for its biological importance. An attempt is made to reveal the interaction between breast
and skin cancer cell lines with the help of molecular docking studies.

Objective:

The study aimed to synthesize and characterize 4-ethoxychalcones for testing breast and
skin cancer targets.

Methods:

A series of chalcone analogues starting from 4-ethoxyacetophenone and substituted
aromatic aldehydes were synthesized, well-characterized and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer
activities against human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and human metastatic melanoma (A-375)
cell lines by MTT assay. Docking simulation was performed to study the drug-receptor interaction
of chalcone scaffold on the active site of target inhibitor bound to cytochrome P450 family
oxidoreductase for breast cancer and Pirin inhibiting target for skin cancer, respectively.

Results and Discussion:

After performing cytotoxic evaluation, it was observed that compounds
having a substitution at the para position showed better results compared to ortho and meta positions
for both the cell lines. Molecular docking studies revealed different types of interactions with
selected oxidoreductase and Pirin inhibiting targets. Ligand-protein interactions and morphological
changes are monitored by molecular dynamics.

Conclusion:

The presence of electron-withdrawing and donating groups on ring B marginally
affected IC50 and docking scores. The stability of the binding mode of ligands having high inhibitory
efficiency for compounds 8 and 10 predicted by docking studies was confirmed by molecular
dynamics simulation. The pharmacokinetic parameters were found to be within the acceptable
range. Further molecular dynamics study would provide the necessary information.
Takotsubo Syndrome: Clinical Manifestations, Etiology and Pathogenesis
Authors: Prokudina Ekaterina S. , Kurbatov Boris K. , Zavadovsky Konstantin V. , Vrublevsky Alexander V. , Naryzhnaya Natalia V. , Lishmanov Yuri B. , Maslov Leonid N. , Oeltgen Peter R.
Published: January 2020

The purpose of the review is the analysis of clinical and experimental data on the etiology
and pathogenesis of takotsubo syndrome (TS). TS is characterized by contractile dysfunction,
which usually affects the apical region of the heart without obstruction of coronary artery, moderate
increase in myocardial necrosis markers, prolonged QTc interval (in 50% of patients), sometimes
elevation of ST segment (in 19% of patients), increase N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide
level, microvascular dysfunction, sometimes spasm of the epicardial coronary arteries (in 10% of
patients), myocardial edema, and life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (in 11% of patients).
Stress cardiomyopathy is a rare disease, it is observed in 0.6 - 2.5% of patients with acute coronary
syndrome. The occurrence of takotsubo syndrome is 9 times higher in women, who are aged 60-70
years old, than in men. The hospital mortality among patients with TS corresponds to 3.5% - 12%.
Physical or emotional stress do not precede disease in all patients with TS. Most of patients with TS
have neurological or mental illnesses. The level of catecholamines is increased in patients with TS,
therefore, the occurrence of TS is associated with excessive activation of the adrenergic system.
The negative inotropic effect of catecholamines is associated with the activation of β2 adrenergic
receptors. An important role of the adrenergic system in the pathogenesis of TS is confirmed by
studies which were performed using 125I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (125I -MIBG). TS causes edema
and inflammation of the myocardium. The inflammatory response in TS is systemic. TS causes impaired
coronary microcirculation and reduces coronary reserve. There is a reason to believe that an
increase in blood viscosity may play an important role in the pathogenesis of microcirculatory dysfunction
in patients with TS. Epicardial coronary artery spasm is not obligatory for the occurrence
of TS. Cortisol, endothelin-1 and microRNAs are challengers for the role of TS triggers. A decrease
in estrogen levels is a factor contributing to the onset of TS. The central nervous system appears to
play an important role in the pathogenesis of TS.
Computer-aided Diagnosis of Skin Cancer: A Review
Authors: Razmjooy Navid , Ashourian Mohsen , Karimifard Maryam , Estrela Vania V. , Loschi Hermes J. , do Nascimento Douglas , França Reinaldo P. , Vishnevski Mikhail
Published: January 2020

Cancer is currently one of the main health issues in the world. Among different varieties
of cancers, skin cancer is the most common cancer in the world and accounts for 75% of the
world's cancer. Indeed, skin cancer involves abnormal changes in the outer layer of the skin. Although
most people with skin cancer recover, it is one of the major concerns of people due to its
high prevalence. Most types of skin cancers grow only locally and invade adjacent tissues, but
some of them, especially melanoma (cancer of the pigment cells), which is the rarest type of skin
cancer, may spread through the circulatory system or lymphatic system and reach the farthest
points of the body. Many papers have been reviewed about the application of image processing in
cancer detection. In this paper, the automatic skin cancer detection and also different steps of such
a process have been discussed based on the implantation capabilities.
In silico Studies, Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of Some Novel Quinoline - Azitidinone Derivatives
Authors: Chitre Trupti S. , Asgaonkar Kalyani D. , Vikhe Amrut B. , Patil Shital M , Garud Dinesh R. , Khedkar Vijay M. , Sarkar Dhiman , Nawale Laxman U. , Yeware Amar
Published: January 2020

Background:

Diarylquinolines like Bedaquiline have shown promising antitubercular
activity by their action of Mycobacterial ATPase.

Objective:

The structural features necessary for a good antitubercular activity for a series of quinoline
derivatives were explored through computational chemistry tools like QSAR and combinatorial
library generation. In the current study, 3-Chloro-4-(2-mercaptoquinoline-3-yl)-1-
substitutedphenylazitidin-2-one derivatives have been designed and synthesized based on molecular
modeling studies as anti-tubercular agents.

Methods:

2D and 3D QSAR analyses were used to designed compounds having a quinoline scaffold.
The synthesized compounds were evaluated against active and dormant strains of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (MTB) H37 Ra and Mycobacterium bovis BCG. The compounds were also tested
for cytotoxicity against MCF-7, A549 and Panc-1 cell lines using MTT assay. The binding affinity
of designed compounds was gauged by molecular docking studies.

Results:

Statistically significant QSAR models generated by the SA-MLR method for 2D QSAR
exhibited r2 = 0.852, q2 = 0.811, whereas 3D QSAR with SA-kNN showed q2 = 0.77. The synthesized
compounds exhibited MIC in the range of 1.38-14.59(μg/ml). These compounds showed
some crucial interaction with MTB ATPase.

Conclusion:

The present study has shown some promising results which can be further explored
for lead generation.
Insights into Nano-Photo-Thermal Therapy of Cancer: The Kinetics of Cell Death and Effect on Cell Cycle
Authors: Tabei Mousa , Zeinizade Elham , Beik Jaber , Kamrava S. Kamran , Nasiri Zahra , Ghaznavi Habib , Shakeri-Zadeh Ali
Published: January 2020

Background:

Despite considerable advances in nano-photo-thermal therapy (NPTT), there have been
a few studies reporting in-depth kinetics of cell death triggered by such a new modality of cancer treatment.

Objective:

In this study, we aimed to (1) investigate the cell death pathways regulating the apoptotic responses
to NPTT; and (2) ascertain the effect of NPTT on cell cycle progression.

Methods:

Folate conjugated gold nanoparticle (F-AuNP) was firstly synthesized, characterized and then assessed
to determine its potentials in targeted NPTT. The experiments were conducted on KB nasopharyngeal
cancer cells overexpressing folate receptors (FRs), as the model, and L929 normal fibroblast cells with a low
level of FRs, as the control. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay and the cell death mode (i.e., necrosis or
apoptosis) was determined through AnnexinV/FITC-propidium iodide staining. Next, the gene expression profiles
of some key apoptotic factors involved in the mitochondrial signaling pathway were investigated using
RT-qPCR. Finally, cell cycle phase distribution was investigated at different time points post NPTT using flow
cytometric analysis.

Results:

The obtained results showed that KB cell death following targeted NPTT was greater than that observed
for L929 cells. The majority of KB cell death following NPTT was related to apoptosis. RT-qPCR analysis
indicated that the elevated expression of Bax along with the depressed expression of Bcl-xL, Survivin and
XIAP may involve in the regulation of apoptosis in response to NPTT. Flow cytometric analysis manifested that
16-24 hours after NPTT, the major proportion of KB cells was in the most radiosensitive phases of the cell cycle
(G2/M).

Conclusion:

This study extended the understanding of the signaling pathway involved in the apoptotic response
to NPTT. Moreover, the potential effect of NPTT on sensitizing cancer cells to subsequent radiation therapy was
highlighted.
A Link Between Brain Insulin Resistance and Cognitive Dysfunctions: Targeting Ca2+/cAMP Signalling
Authors: Bergantin Leandro B.
Published: January 2020

Background:

A correlation between cognitive dysfunctions and brain insulin resistance
has been established by several clinical and experimental studies. Consistent data support that
people diagnosed with brain insulin resistance, resulted from diabetes, have shown an increased
risk of presenting cognitive dysfunctions, clinical signs of dementia and depression, then speculating
a role of dysregulations related to insulin signalling in these diseases. Furthermore, it is currently
discussed that Ca2+ signalling, and its dysregulations, may be a factor which could correlate
with brain insulin resistance and cognitive dysfunctions.

Objective:

Following this, revealing this interplay between these diseases may provide novel insights
into the pathogenesis of such diseases.

Methods:

Publications covering topics such as Ca2+ signalling, diabetes, depression and dementia
(alone or combined) were collected by searching PubMed and EMBASE.

Results:

The controlling of both neurotransmitters/hormones release and neuronal death could be
achieved through modulating Ca2+ and cAMP signalling pathways (Ca2+/cAMP signalling).

Conclusion:

Taking into account our previous reports on Ca2+/cAMP signalling, and considering a
limited discussion in the literature on the role of Ca2+/cAMP signalling in the link between cognitive
dysfunctions and brain insulin resistance, this article has comprehensively discussed the role
of these signalling pathways in this link (between cognitive dysfunctions and brain insulin resistance).
Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AME) and Italian AACE Chapter Position Statement for Clinical Practice: Acromegaly - Part 2: Therapeutic Issues
Authors: Cozzi Renato , Ambrosio Maria R. , Attanasio Roberto , Bozzao Alessandro , De Marinis Laura , De Menis Ernesto , Guastamacchia Edoardo , Lania Andrea , Lasio Giovanni , Logoluso Francesco , Maffei Pietro , Poggi Maurizio , Toscano Vincenzo , Zini Michele , Chanson Philippe , Katznelson Laurence
Published: January 2020

Any newly diagnosed patient should be referred to a multidisciplinary team experienced in
the treatment of pituitary adenomas. The therapeutic management of acromegaly always requires a
personalized strategy. Normal age-matched IGF-I values are the treatment goal. Transsphenoidal surgery
by an expert neurosurgeon is the primary treatment modality for most patients, especially if there
are neurological complications. In patients with poor clinical conditions or who refuse surgery, primary
medical treatment should be offered, firstly with somatostatin analogs (SSAs). In patients who do not
reach hormonal targets with first-generation depot SSAs, a second pharmacological option with pasireotide
LAR or pegvisomant (alone or combined with SSA) should be offered. Irradiation could be
proposed to patients with surgical remnants who would like to be free from long-term medical therapies
or those with persistent disease activity or tumor growth despite surgery or medical therapy. Since
the therapeutic tools available enable therapeutic targets to be achieved in most cases, the challenge is
to focus more on the quality of life.
Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Biomass-derived Levulinates to γ-valerolactone Using Alcohols as H-donors
Authors: Xu Yufei , Zhang Heng , Li Hu , Yang Song
Published: January 2020

γ-Valerolactone (GVL) is a kind of significant platform molecules in the modern industry,
which can be directly produced from biomass-derivatives, such as sugar, levulinic acid (LA) and ethyl
levulinate (EL). In general, GVL could be produced from LA using gas hydrogen as H-donor with
heterogeneous or homogeneous catalysts. But this strategy always has the danger of operation and requirement
of unique reactors due to explosive hydrogen as well as the acidity of reactant. Over the
past decade, researchers in this field have established new processes and strategies to meet the above
problems through the CTH process by using alcohol as H-donor and EL as the substrate over different
kinds of catalysts. In this review, we collect and discuss the literature on the production of GVL from
EL, and applications of LA, EL, and GVL with particular typical mechanisms. The catalyst preparation
methods in the mentioned reaction systems are also concerned.
Utilizing Iron Tailing, Sludge and Fly Ash to Prepare Ceramsites
Authors: Wang Zi , Chen Hongjun , Yu Chunhu , Xue Zeyang , Wang Pengxiang , Cong Qianmin , Pei Lizhai , Fan Chuangang
Published: January 2020

Background:

The deposits of iron tailing will pose a great risk of environmental
pollution and serious landscape impact which will affect the quality of life of humans.
Therefore, it is urgent to utilize iron tailing to produce valuable products.

Methods:

The tailing ceramsites were analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM). The roles of the tailing content, sintering temperature and duration
time in the performance of the tailing ceramsites were analysed and the optimal sintering
parameters were determined.

Results:

The bulk density, apparent density and cylinder compressive strength of the tailing
ceramsites increase considerably with the increase of the sintering temperature and duration
time. The cylinder compressive strength of the tailing ceramsites increases with increasing
the tailing content. The optimal sintering parameter is 1100°C for 40 min. The cylinder compressive
strength of the tailing ceramsites obtained at 1100°C for 40 min reaches 10.1 MPa.
XRD analysis shows that the tailing ceramsites mainly consist of CaSiO3, Al2SiO5, MgSiO3,
Ca7Si2P2O16, CaAl2Si2O8, Ca2Fe2O5 and SiO2 phases when the sintering temperature and duration
time were increased to 1100°C and 40 min, respectively.

Conclusion:

The tailing ceramsites were obtained from iron tailing, sludge and fly ash as the
raw materials at 1100°C for 40 min. The obtained ceramsites exhibited high mechanical performance.
Produção científica em foco
Authors: Daré Paula Serafim , Vallada Candido
Published: January 2020

A Self, revista do Instituto Junguiano de São Paulo (IJUSP), chega em 2020 ao seu quinto ano de atividade, mantendo-se firme em seu objetivo maior: o de promover e divulgar o pensamento junguiano com critérios científicos e padrões de publicação internacionalmente reconhecidos.

Com um conteúdo de alto nível, a Self pode ser acessada gratuitamente on-line por qualquer pessoa, democratizando assim o conhecimento de qualidade. Todo o processo editorial é realizado dentro da plataforma digital da revista, que adota o sistema rolling pass de publicação: os artigos são publicados na medida em que são aprovados, o que traz agilidade à divulgação.
A Pantheoretical Framework to Optimize Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors and Medication Adherence: The Use of Personalized Approaches to Overcome Barriers and Optimize Facilitators to Achieve Adherence
Authors: Seixas Azizi , Connors Colleen , Chung Alicia , Donley Tiffany , Jean-Louis Girardin
Published: January 2020

Patient nonadherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors and medical treatments (like medication adherence) accounts for a significant portion of chronic disease burden. Despite the plethora of behavioral interventions to overcome key modifiable/nonmodifiable barriers and enable facilitators to adherence, short- and long-term adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors and medical treatments is still poor. To optimize adherence, we aimed to provide a novel mobile health solution steeped in precision and personalized population health and a pantheoretical approach that increases the likelihood of adherence. We have described the stages of a pantheoretical approach utilizing tailoring, clustering/profiling, personalizing, and optimizing interventions/strategies to obtain adherence and highlight the minimal engineering needed to build such a solution.
Analisa Tegangan Pada Pipa Baja Karbon API 5L-GradeB Terhadap Laju Korosi Dalam Larutan NaCl dan Asam Asetat (Halaman 9 s.d. 12)
Authors: Suhendi Syafei Nendi , Suyaningsih Sri , Nurhilal Otong , Luthfiani Febi
Published: January 2020

Efisiensi pemakaian energi untuk suatu kebutuhan harus dilakukan agar pemborosan energi dapat dihindarkan dengan melakukan pemilihan dan pemeliharaan peralatan logam. Korosi menjadi permasalahan utama pada industri minyak bumi dan gas karena dapat menghambat proses produksi. Korosi retak tegang (SCC, Stress Corrosion Cracking) adalah peristiwa pembentukan dan perambatan retak dalam logam yang terjadi secara simultan antara tegangan yang bekerja pada bahan dengan lingkungan yang korosif. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan rumah sampel dengan spesimen tiga titik pembebanan untuk melihat perilaku korosi retak tegang pada pipa baja karbon di lingkungan gas H2S kondisi jenuh CO2 dalam larutan NaCl dan Asam Asetat . Dalam larutan NaCl  tidak terjadi korosi retak tegang (crack) pada baja karbon dengan laju korosi minimum 0,071 mmpy dan laju korosi maksimum 0,092 mmpy. Dalam larutan asam asetat terjadi korosi retak tegang (crack) pada baja karbon dengan laju korosi 0,25 mmpy dan 0,29 mmpy.
Kajian Pembuatan Oksida Grafit untuk Produksi Oksida Grafena dalam Jumlah Besar (Halaman 26 s.d. 29)
Authors: Syakir Norman , Nurlina Rhesti , Anam Syafiul , Aprilia Annisa , Hidayat Sahrul , - Fitrilawati
Published: January 2020

Oksida grafit (GO) telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan metode Hummers dari serbuk grafit dengan pelarut asam sulfat (H2SO4), natrium nitrat (NaNO3), kalium permanganat (KMnO4), dan hidrogen peroksida (H2O2).  Hasil sintesis berupa pasta dicuci dengan asam klorida (HCl) dan akuades berulang-ulang untuk mendapatkan GO yang relatif murni.  Pasta tersebut selanjutnya dikeringkan dan digerus untuk karakterisasi EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy), difraksi XRD (X-ray Difraction), dan spektroskopi FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared).  Untuk mengupas lembaran GO menjadi lapisan lebih tipis, pasta yang dihasilkan tersebut didispersikan dalam akuades, kemudian disonikasi serta disentrifugasi.  Hasil yang didapat dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan spektroskopi UV-Vis.  Hasil karakterisasi sampel serbuk menunjukkan telah terjadi perubahan struktur grafit dengan terbentuknya gugus-gugus fungsional oksigen.
Kajian Sifat Dielektrik pada Lempeng Nanopartikel Magnetit (Fe3O4) yang dienkapsulasi dengan Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) (Halaman 34 s.d. 37)
Authors: - Mustawarman , - Heriansyah , Suharyadi Edi
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan sintesis nanopartikel Fe3O4 yang kemudian dienkapsulasi dengan Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) dengan perbandingan 1:0, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 dan 1:6 menggunakan metode kopresipitasi. Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan sistem spektroskopi impedansi terkomputerisasi pada wilayah frekuensi 10 kHz  hingga 120 kHz untuk mengetahui sifat dielektrik dari nanopartikel. Hasil pengukuran sifat dielektrik menunjukkan nilai permitivitas dielektrik pada seluruh sampel mengalami penurunan dengan bertambahnya frekuensi. Penambahan PVA mempengaruhi sifat dielektrik dari nanopartikel Fe3O4. Nilai permitivitas dielektrik riil  seluruh sampel secara berturut-turut pada frekuensi 10 kHz yaitu 522, 212, 36, 234 dan 692.  Nilai permitivitas dielektrik yang paling baik adalah nanopartikel Fe3O4+PVA (1:6 ) sehingga dapat digunakan untuk aplikasi biosensor Surface Plasmon Resonance(SPR) sebagai bahan aktif untuk meningkatkan sensitifitas sensor dan mengikat biomolekuler.
Karakterisasi Mikrostruktur Material Feroelektrik Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 (BST) dengan Variasi Suhu Annealing (Halaman 70 s.d. 72)
Authors: Dewi Rahmi , - Krisman , - Khaironiati , - Fauziana
Published: January 2020

Sampel Barium Strontium Titanate, Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 (BST) telah disediakan dengan menggunakan reaksi kimia padatan. Mikrostruktur sampel telah dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan teknik difraksi sinar-X (XRD) dan Scanning  Electron Microscopy (SEM). Sampel disediakan dengan variasi suhu yang berbeda yaitu pada suhu 600oC, 700 oC dan 800oC selama 60 menit di udara. Karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan dengan meningkatnya suhu annealing maka kristaline sampel semakin meningkat dengan struktur tetragonal. Karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan sampel adalah homogen dengan ukuran butiran  seragam. Ukuran butiran sampel akan bertambah dengan bertambahnya suhu annealing. Seluruh sampel mempunyai ukuran butiran dalam nanometer.
Karakterisasi Kekristalan dan Konstanta Dielektrik Ba0,9Sr0,1TiO3 yang Dibuat dengan Metode Solid State Reaction (Halaman 13 s.d. 15)
Authors: Maharsi R. , Jamaludin A. , Iriani Y.
Published: January 2020

Ba0,9Sr0,1TiO3 (BST)  telah dibuat dengan metode solid state reaction. Sampel disintering pada suhu 800 °C dan 900 °C selama 4 jam. Uji kekristalan dilakukan dengan instrumen X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD). Nilai konstanta dielektrik diperoleh melalui pengujian dengan RLC meter. Berdasarkan analisa dengan software GSAS, parameter kisi BST dengan suhu sintering 800 °C adalah a=b=3,981 nm dan c=3,999 nm. Parameter kisi a =b=3,986 nm dan c=3,988 nm untuk sampel BST dengan suhu sintering 900 °C. Sudut α=β =γ=90° untuk kedua sampel sehingga struktur kristalnya adalah tetragonal. Ukuran kristal sampel dengan suhu sintering 800 °C dan 900 °C adalah 45,31 nm dan 61,62 nm. Pengukuran konstanta dielektrik (K) dilakukan pada rentang frekuensi 0,01 hingga 10 kHz dimana nilainya maksimum pada nilai frekuensi minimum. Nilai K sampel dengan suhu sintering 800 °C dan 900 °C masing-masing sebesar 1920 dan 3650 pada frekuensi minimum.
Effect of Substrate Temperature and Target-Substrate Distance on Growth of TiO2 Thin Films by Using DC- Reactive Sputtering Technique
Authors: Rabih Laith , - Sudjatmoko , Triyana Kuwat , Nurwantoro Pekik
Published: January 2020

Titanium oxide (TiO2) thin films have been deposited by a DC sputtering technique onto microscope glass slides. The effect of substrate temperature (Ts) and target-substrate distance (Dts) on some optical and electrical properties have been studied each individually. The structure of TiO2 thin films has been improved and became more crystalline when Ts has been increased (from 150 ºC to 250 ºC). The conductivity (ϭ), deposition rate (DR) and average values of grain size (G.S) have been increased with increasing Ts while the values of band gap (Eg) and weight percentage of the anatase phase (WA) have been decreased. The thickness of TiO2 film has been increased from 920 nm to 960 nm with increase Ts while it has been decreased from 960 nm to 680 nm with increase Dts (from 25mm to 35mm). As Dts has been increased, the conductivity ϭ, thickness (d) and average values of grain size have been decreased. The decreasing of conductivity at Dts=35 maybe attributes to increase the weight percentage of the rutile phase (WR). The XRD results show that the TiO2 structure phase has been varied. The results show that the optical and electrical properties of TiO2 film affected by changes the condition parameters especially Ts and Dts as well as the density and energy of the impinging atoms. The surface morphology and component of TiO2 thin films, resistance, optical transmittance and structure of film were characterized by SEM (EDX), I-V meter, UV-VIS spectrophotometer and XRD respectively.
Penerapan Metode Seismik Refleksi 2D untuk Mendeteksi Lapisan Batubara di Lapangan “X” Cekungan Barito Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Darmawan Rizki , - Sudarmaji
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan survei metode seismik refleksi di Cekungan Barito untuk mengetahui perlapisan batubara di bawah permukaan. Survei tersebut dilakukan tanpa data log, oleh karena itu penelitian kali ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan metode seismik refleksi 2D dalam mendeteksi lapisan batubara. Pengolahan data menggunakan perangkat lunak ProMAX dengan format seg-y. Data diolah dari tahap preprocessing hingga diperoleh Post Stack Time Migration. Kemudian hasil PSTM dikonversi ke migrasi kawasan kedalaman supaya dapat diketahui letak perlapisan batubara di bawah permukaan untuk dilakukan interpretasi. Hasil dari penelitian disimpulkan di Cekungan Barito terdapat dua lapisan batubara sesuai dengan penelitian metode seismik refleksi sebelumnya dan dikorelasikan dengan data geologi. Penggunaan metode seismik refleksi tanpa data log hanya efektif untuk mengetahui perlapisan tetapi tidak untuk identifikasi fisik batuan dan lapisan formasi pembawa batubara. Sebaiknya dilakukan well logging untuk penelitian lebih lanjut dan hasil yang lebih baik.kata kunci: metode seismik refleksi 2D; lapisan batubara; migrasi
Karakterisasi Mikrostruktur Material Feroelektrik Ba0.3Sr0,7TiO3 (BST) dengan variasi suhu annealing
Authors: Dewi Rahmi , Krisman Krisman
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan pembuatan sampel dari bahan Barium Strontium Titanat (BST) dengan komposisi Ba0,3Sr0,7Tio3 dengan  menggunakan metode sol gel dan di annealing  pada suhu 600oC,650oC dan 700oC.  Ukuran butira dan  ketebalan sampel dikarakterisasi menggunakan Field Emission Scanning Microscopy (FESEM). Ukuran butiran meningkat dengan meningkatnya suhu annealing. Nilai rata-rata ukuran butiran dari temperatur 600oC, 650oC dan 700oC adalah : 21,20 nm; 22,30 nm dan 26.8 nm. Nilai ketebalan sampel masing-masing adalah 31,28 nm;37,5nm dan 39,08nm.
DYNAMICS OF ADAT LAW COMMUNITY RECOGNITION: STRUGGLE TO STRENGTHEN LEGAL CAPACITY
Authors: Pradhani Sartika Intaning
Published: January 2020

The existence of adat law community has been recognized since Dutch Colonial Era until today. State recognitions towards adat law community are dynamics. This paper is written based on legal normative research to describe dynamics of adat law community recognition. In the early of Indonesia independent, adat law community was considered as foundation of Indonesia nation state establishment. Since 1957 and during New Order era, there was systematic effort to abolish adat law communities because adat law was perceived as symbol of backwardness. After the amendment of the Constitution, adat law community and their traditional rights are recognized by law and enforced through court decision. Adat law community can determine their type of recognition to strengthen their legal capacity to manage Adat Forest; to organize Adat Village; or to hold communal land rights.
Modus Operandi dan Problematika Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Penipuan Daring
Authors: Hendrik S. Anton
Published: January 2020

AbstractOnline fraud experienced by the society in general perspective, and the East Java community in particular. The victimVictims hope is hoping that the perpetrator can be arrested, and the victim's loss got returned. Beside the technical constraints faced by law enforcement regarding privacy and data security regimes that also protect perpetrators, there is also problem in the rule of law. The norm specifically regulated in Article 28 paragraph (1) Law 11 of 2008 on Electronic Transaction Information (UU ITE) has a special restriction because of its consumer protection dimension. This article is a result of a research conducted regarding the profile of the modus operandi of online fraud in East Java and outlining the emerging legal problems. The research method used is juridical empiric and juridical normative, empiric juridical used to gather data, whereas juridical normative by literature study. The research findings are: it is necessity to reformulate the norms related to online fraud in the ITE Law because in its modus, there are cases of online fraud which not covered by Article 28 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law. IntisariTindak pidana penipuan daring cukup banyak dialami masyarakat pada umumnya, dan masyarakat Jawa Timur pada khususnya. Korban sangat berharap pelakunya dapat ditangkap kemudian uang atau kerugian korban dikembalikan. Selain kendala teknis yang dialami penegak hukum dalam rezim privasi dan keamanan data yang juga melindungi pelaku, juga terdapat problematika dalam pengaturan norma hukum. Norma yang diatur secara khusus dalam Pasal 28 ayat (1) UU No. 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) memiliki batasan khusus karena dimensi perlindungan konsumennya. Tulisan berikut ini merupakan hasil penelitian tentang profil modus operandi tindak pidana penipuan daring di Jawa Timur, penormaannya terkait tindak pidana tersebut dan menguraikan problematika hukum yang muncul. Metode penelitan yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris dan yuridis normatif, yuridis empiris dilakukan dengan pengambilan dan pengolahan data sedangkan yuridis normatif dengan cara studi kepustakaan. Temuan penelitian adalah perlunya reformulasi norma terkait penipuan daring dalam UU ITE karena dalam profil modusnya terdapat kasus penipuan daring yang tidak tercakup dalam Pasal 28 ayat (1) UU ITE.
Patient and Kidney Allograft Survival with National Kidney Paired Donation
Authors: Leeser David B. , Thomas Alvin G. , Shaffer Ashton A. , Veale Jeffrey L. , Massie Allan B. , Cooper Matthew , Kapur Sandip , Turgeon Nicole , Segev Dorry L. , Waterman Amy D. , Flechner Stuart M.
Published: January 2020

Background and objectives

In the United States, kidney paired donation networks have facilitated an increasing proportion of kidney transplants annually, but transplant outcome differences beyond 5 years between paired donation and other living donor kidney transplant recipients have not been well described.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Using registry-linked data, we compared National Kidney Registry (n=2363) recipients to control kidney transplant recipients (n=54,497) (February 2008 to December 2017). We estimated the risk of death-censored graft failure and mortality using inverse probability of treatment weighted Cox regression. The parsimonious model adjusted for recipient factors (age, sex, black, race, body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, diabetes, previous transplant, preemptive transplant, public insurance, hepatitis C, eGFR, antibody depleting induction therapy, year of transplant), donor factors (age, sex, Hispanic ethnicity, body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), and transplant factors (zero HLA mismatch).

Results

National Kidney Registry recipients were more likely to be women, black, older, on public insurance, have panel reactive antibodies >80%, spend longer on dialysis, and be previous transplant recipients. National Kidney Registry recipients were followed for a median 3.7 years (interquartile range, 2.1–5.6; maximum 10.9 years). National Kidney Registry recipients had similar graft failure (5% versus 6%; log-rank P=0.2) and mortality (9% versus 10%; log-rank P=0.4) incidence compared with controls during follow-up. After adjustment for donor, recipient, and transplant factors, there no detectable difference in graft failure (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.95; 95% confidence interval, 0.77 to 1.18; P=0.6) or mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval, 0.70 to 1.07; P=0.2) between National Kidney Registry and control recipients.

Conclusions

Even after transplanting patients with greater risk factors for worse post-transplant outcomes, nationalized paired donation results in equivalent outcomes when compared with control living donor kidney transplant recipients.
Single Cell Sequencing and Kidney Organoids Generated from Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Wu Haojia , Humphreys Benjamin D.
Published: January 2020

Methods to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells into kidney organoids were first introduced about 5 years ago, and since that time, the field has grown substantially. Protocols are producing increasingly complex three-dimensional structures, have been used to model human kidney disease, and have been adapted for high-throughput screening. Over this same time frame, technologies for massively parallel, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have matured. Now, both of these powerful approaches are being combined to better understand how kidney organoids can be applied to the understanding of kidney development and disease. There are several reasons why this is a synergistic combination. Kidney organoids are complicated and contain many different cell types of variable maturity. scRNA-seq is an unbiased technology that can comprehensively categorize cell types, making it ideally suited to catalog all cell types present in organoids. These same characteristics also make scRNA-seq a powerful approach for quantitative comparisons between protocols, batches, and pluripotent cell lines as it becomes clear that reproducibility and quality can vary across all three variables. Lineage trajectories can be reconstructed using scRNA-seq data, enabling the rational adjustment of differentiation strategies to promote maturation of desired kidney cell types or inhibit differentiation of undesired off-target cell types. Here, we review the ways that scRNA-seq has been successfully applied in the organoid field and predict future applications for this powerful technique. We also review other developing single-cell technologies and discuss how they may be combined, using “multiomic” approaches, to improve our understanding of kidney organoid differentiation and usefulness in modeling development, disease, and toxicity testing.
The Genetic Architecture of Kidney Disease
Authors: Pollak Martin R. , Friedman David J.
Published: January 2020

The kidney is subject to a wide range of abnormalities, many of which have a significant hereditable component. Next generation sequencing is increasingly bringing the genetic drivers of Mendelian disease into focus at the base pair level, whereas inexpensive genotyping arrays have surveyed hundreds of thousands of individuals to identify common variants that predispose to kidney dysfunction. In this first article in a CJASN series on kidney genomics, we review how both rare and common variants contribute to kidney disease, explore how evolution may influence the genetic variants that affect kidney function, consider how genetic information is and will be used in the clinic, and identify some of the most important future directions for kidney disease research. Forthcoming articles in the series will elaborate on many of these themes.