bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Greater Yam (Dioscorea alata) Varieties Grown by the Ethno-linguistic Groups in Northern Philippines
Authors: Backian Grace S. , Gayao Betty T. , Meldoz Dalen T.
Published: February 2025

This study was done to document indigenous greater yam varieties and wild yam species among the Aeta, Bago, Biga-Kalinga, Bugkalot, Buhid-Mangyan, Ibaloi, Isneg, Ivatan, Iyattuka, Kalanguya, Kankana-ey, Applai-Kankana-ey, Tingguian and two other major groups, the Kapampangans and Ilocanos. Economic, environmental and climatic conditions are changing diets and livelihoods such that indigenous greater yam varieties are at risk of disappearing, hence this documentation. Secondary data, interview, workshops and field observations were used to document information. Seventy-seven indigenous greater yam varieties were known, grown and utilized within the farming communities of 169 farmer respondents from selected ethno-linguistic groups in Northern Philippines. Fifty-one were commonly planted, 24 were planted less and five have already been lost.The Ivatans named the highest number with 18 varieties while the Kankana-eys of Benguet were able to name only one variety. The 18 wild species were gathered from the forest (bakir/ kabakiran) only in times of food and feed scarcity. The two major groups - the Kapampangans and Ilocanos are not familiar with greater yam varieties as these are mostly planted by their Aeta neighbors. Tuber shape and flesh color were the characteristics of the indigenous greater yam varieties that the ethno-lingistic groups could easily mention. Some domesticated wild species served as insurance crop for food security.
Math Teaching Readiness of Secondary Mathematics Pre-service Teachers in the Cordillera Administrative Region
Authors: Madinno Carmelo W.
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the readiness of Secondary Mathematics Pre-service Teachers (SMPTs) in teaching mathematics. This was done by triangulating their academic performance, student-teaching performance, and perceived readiness in teaching mathematics. The study was conducted with 89 SMPTs who recently completed their mathematics teaching degree requirements from seven Teacher Education Institutions in the Cordillera Administrative Region. Results showed that academically, the SMPTs excelled in their ICT-related subjects followed by their Education and other basic subjects, while lowest grades were obtained in the advanced and basic math subject categories. In terms of their student-teaching performance, the SMPTs obtained the highest ratings for teacher’s personality followed by communication skills and student-teacher relationship, whereas lowest ratings were in the areas of questioning skills, lesson integration, and teaching method. Moreover, the SMPTs perceived the highest level of readiness for learning environment and pedagogical knowledge, while they scored lowest for community linkages and content knowledge components of the National Competency-Based Teacher Standards (NCBTS) and Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) constructs, respectively. The study shows the lack of readiness of the SMPTs in teaching mathematics based from the national frameworks of math teacher education and basic education in the country.
Determinants in Choosing Political Candidates among Benguet State University Students
Authors: Dolipas Maria Theresa B.
Published: February 2025

The participation of the youth in the Philippine electoral process matters because they are too many to be ignored and the issues that affect the youth of today are the very same issues that will define the future of the Philippines. The study identified and explained the voting considerations that determine students’ choice of candidates for elective positions in the government. This qualitative study utilized descriptive survey based research in describing the voting determinants of BSU students. Findings revealed that the most important personal characteristic of a politician is probity (malinis na pagkatao). Furthermore, the endorsement of the family or relatives is the foremost consideration of students when choosing a candidate and that the most important characteristic considered in voting for a candidate is someone who promotes government programs for development (nagtataguyod ng programa ng gobyerno para sa kaunlaran). Moreover, the findings also showed that there is a difference in the students’ perceptions of the personal characteristics of a politician when grouped according to gender. In general, the findings of the study show that the Filipino youth is not perpetrated by the bobotante (stupid voter) virus. Furthermore, the results illustrate that today’s youth are not politically indifferent.
Flight for Conservation
Authors: Alfonso Gerry M.
Published: February 2025

The identification and characterization of birds in land reservations are important basis for institutions in identifying strategies in the promotion of its protection and conservation. The study identified, characterized, and photo-documented birds within the Benguet State University (BSU)-La Trinidad Campus and its land reservations. The common, scientific, and family names of these birds are determined together with its eco-class, conservation status, distribution, characteristics, and food. Forty-six species of birds under 27 families are identified within the campus and its land reservations. Forty-four bird species are found to be indigenous and two are exotic. Fifteen of the indigenous bird species are found endemic. Incidentally, these 15 endemic species identified included ranked six and seven of the ten must see birds in the Philippines. Based on the categories under the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria Version 3.1 (2001), all the identified birds belong to the conservation status, least concern. Further, on population trend, nine bird species were of unknown status whether their population is increasing or decreasing, 26 were with stable population, eight were decreasing and four were increasing. Forty-one of the species are insect-eating. The presence of the Scale-Feathered Malkoha and Spotted Wood Kingfisher, high endemism, and richness of bird species in the BSU land reservations in La Trinidad, Benguet indicates that there is a need to sustain or heighten the reservations’ protection and conservation.
Training Design Facilitation Framework for Adult Education: An Application of Andragogy
Authors: Aliping Joanne B. , Parcasio Imelda G.
Published: February 2025

This qualitative research generally aimed to develop a training design facilitation framework suitable for adult education. Thus, the study used ‘between-method triangulation’ in gathering data. With this, qualitative corpus analysis (document reviews), participant observation (field observations), and phenomenology (focus group and key informant interviews) were utilized in obtaining the best practices employed when designing learning programs and facilitating adult education. Through sorting, categorization, and thematization, the study addressed three major themes namely, “Employed Andragogical Training Design Procedures: Designing Learning Programs;” “Demonstrated Andragogical Facilitation Practices and Approaches: Implementing Learning Programs;” and, “Devised Andragogical Training Design Facilitation Framework: Operationalization.” The result of the study posits that the success of learning lies on the extent of involvement of adult learners in the overall learning process. With this finding, the study arrived at an adult learner-centered framework hereto referred as 4Ds (Diagnose, Design, Deliver, and Deduce). This capitalizes on various processes guiding adult educators in training design making and facilitating adult learning. Specifically, the framework advocates a ‘learner-diagnosed needs’ or objectives through the Learning Needs Assessment and Analysis (LNA2) process, a ‘learner-designed instruction’ through the Session Plan Design (SPD) process, an ‘andragogy-based delivery or facilitation’ through the WP2R2 approach, and a ‘learner-deduced evaluation of materials and outcomes’ through the Post-Learning Evaluation (PLE) process.
Multi-Grade Intermediate Mathematics Teaching Schemes: The Case of Education in the District of Tublay, Benguet
Authors: Belleza Jorenz A. , Feliciano Esper L.
Published: February 2025

Multi-grade is a teaching approach that requires systematic processes to cater to the needs of the learners. The Philippine Department of Education came up with multi-grade teaching schemes to provide teachers with choices to systematically handle the uncommon situation in their classrooms. The study was conducted to determine the knowledge and application of intermediate multi-grade teachers of the different multi-grade teaching schemes in teaching mathematics in the District of Tublay, Benguet. The findings revealed that the scheme choice of the teachers in teaching mathematics is determined by the uncommon objectives and learning competencies of mathematics in different grade levels in a certain grading period. In addition, the claim of the teachers that they are using locally modified scheme, Benguet Scheme D, in teaching intermediate mathematics is mainly backed by the fact that teachers are developing uncommon learning competencies for the combined grade level. However, varied deviations in the implementation processes of the scheme used by the multi-grade teachers in teaching intermediate mathematics were observed even when the same scheme elements were used since they claim to use Benguet Scheme D. The effectiveness of the schemes was tied by the teachers to time efficiency and level appropriate activities.
Damage Assessment of Bark Beetle Infestations on Benguet Pine (Pinus kesiya Royle ex Gordon) in Camp John Hay, Baguio City, Philippines
Authors: Parao Marissa R. , Untalan Paquito P. , Ligat Bonie S. , Pagadan Casiano S. , Tanguid Leon B.
Published: February 2025

The damage of bark beetle infestation on pine trees, and contributing factors in Camp John Hay, Baguio City, Philippines was assessed to provide bases for management actions. Biophysical conditions and tree health within eight plots were evaluated and described. In each plot, three trees were chosen where bark beetles were collected and brought to the laboratory for identification. Ips and Dendroctonus spp. were identified to be of utmost concern in pine tree health maintenance. The girdling effect of these beetles as they form galleries coupled with pine wilt disease caused most deaths of pines. The stressed conditions of trees in this tourist destination increased vulnerabilities. Risk ratings and early signs of infestations of pines can be used to detect attacks for immediate sanitation cutting. Improved soil nutrition, and avoidance of physical damage and wounds can be undertaken to maintain tree health and reduce infestation.
Effects of Forage Species and Preparations on the Growth and Feeding Performance of Sheep
Authors: Yucaddi Jeferson H.
Published: February 2025

Sheep production is very minimal in the Philippines amidst its better economic performance than goat. Lack of researches on this livestock is seen as one factor affecting its lack of acceptance by local livestock raisers. Also, available feed resources and efficient utilization by sheep is constraint in the country despite the abundance of forage. Here, we investigate the effect of forage species, namely napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and star grass (Cynodon dactylon), and the type of preparation, namely soilage and silage, on the efficient utilization of forage and its effect on the growth performance of sheep. Forage species did not significantly affect the gain in weight and feed conversion ratio of sheep but acted differently on the feed intake of sheep wherein napier grass was 50% greater than star grass. On the other hand, preparations of forage played significant role on the feed conversion ratio of sheep as silage resulted to an increased weight gain and augmented efficiency in converting feed into weight gain. Though interaction of species and preparations of forage did not show significant results, napier grass silage showed the highest weight gain and the best feed conversion ratio. The results suggest that preference of sheep for unpalatable forage could be encourage through inclusion (mixing) of napier grass in the diet. Similarly, silage could be added (mixed) with other feed preparations (soilage and hay) to encourage high weight gain and better feed conversion ratio.
Effect of Teacher-Made Narrative Fiction (TMNF) about Covalent Bonding on Students’ Achievement, Retention and Interest
Authors: Wadasen Russel Fitz P. , Lubrica Joel V.
Published: February 2025

To investigate how science narratives affect learning in Grade 9 Chemistry, specifically on covalent bonding, the authors developed a science narrative fiction. Subsequently, this teacher-made narrative fiction (TMNF) was utilized in order to determine its influence on the achievement, retention and interest levels toward covalent bonding and toward Chemistry, in general. A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design was utilized. Results showed that the students exposure to the TMNF can increase levels of achievement, retention and interest in learning covalent bonding and towards Chemistry. They also showed that students have a positive perception toward TMNF. It can be concluded that students can benefit from being exposed to TMNF along achievement, retention, and interest levels; and that, the positive perception of the students is indicative of their enthusiasm towards the use of it. TMNF may be adapted in the classroom together with expository texts and other relevant teaching-learning strategies. School heads and administrators may empower science teachers to create their own narratives by providing an avenue for professional development in line with narrative writing which can lead to the creation of a shared resource for the teaching-learning community.
Utilization of Orange-fleshed Sweetpotatoes to Enhance the ß-Carotene Content of Locally Consumed Food Products
Authors: Quindara Hilda L. , Gonzales Ines C. , Botangen Esther T. , Tad-awan Belinda A.
Published: February 2025

A food-based approach can be a more sustainable and cost-effective means of addressing vitamin A deficiency. Incorporating orange-fleshed sweetpotatoes (OFSP) in commonly consumed food products could be one strategy to enhance intake for ß-carotene. This study determined the ß-carotene composition, sensory qualities, and acceptability of developed OFSP enriched food products compared to the locally consumed food products. The Inmitlog variety which can provide a high yield and contains 4,463ug/100g of ß-carotene, was used to enrich pandesal, hopia, and candies. This commonly consumed pandesal, hopia, tamarind, and coconut-candied products have nil to trace amounts of ß-carotene. OFSP-enriched pandesal, hopia, and candies, on the other hand, contain considerable amounts of ß-carotene, which can be an additional source of the recommended daily vitamin A intake for consumers. Sensory evaluation showed that wheat flour substitution with OFSP in pandesal had improved the textural moistness relative to the local pandesal. The sensory shelflife of pandesal and hopia is four days. The OFSP- tamarind candy has a shelflife of seven months, while the OFSP–coconut candy has a shelflife of four months. This study had shown that incorporating OFSP in commonly consumed food items can be a possible intervention to increase the ß-carotene intake of consumers.
Perceptions on Politics and Political Participation of Benguet State University Students
Authors: Dolipas Ma. Theresa B.
Published: February 2025

The view of the youth about politics is a primary determinant of their political participation in school and their respective communities. This study determined the BSU political science students’ perceptions of politics and examined their political participation. It used mixed methods, namely interview strategy through classroom recitation and descriptive survey with 143 students. Findings revealed that students regarded politics as a democratic form of government that is supposed to act in accordance with peoples’ interests, as involving the election of famous and influential personalities, and as the primary means of solving social issues despite students associating it with negativity due to political corruption. The majority of the students were not interested in politics, and they had a negative image of politics based on how the media portrayed it. BSU students mainly engage in community politics by voting in elections and attending public meetings dealing with political or social issues. They primarily participate in school politics by attending student meetings and taking active roles in these meetings. In order to reduce political apathy among BSU students, the following actions are recommended: course facilitators of subjects that are related to politics should objectively process students’ comprehension of politics, and include research (of university issues or issues that concern the locality) as a subject requirement to foster civic and political awareness; BSU Office of Student Services (OSS) should encourage all college based student organizations to hold activities that nurture civic and political engagement, and embolden active student participation in these activities, and BSU student Commission on Election (COMELEC) and BSU OSS continue partnership to promote students’ political engagement.
Consumer Behavior on Full-fatted Soybean-based Food Products as Meat Alternatives among Residents of Baguio City and Benguet Province
Authors: Flores Rodeliza A. , Quintos Rochelle B. , Belino Pelin B. , Bawang Amelia G. , Rosario Florida S. , Gano Dalifer A. , Senado Maravilla M.
Published: February 2025

Plant-based foods such as soybean products are becoming popular to consumers because of environmental concerns and health and wellness. Soybean is a valuable source of nutrients and other functional health benefits. A quantitative descriptive consumer behavior survey on full-fatted soybean-based food products as meat alternatives was conducted among 395 consumer-respondents from Baguio City and Benguet Province. Regardless of socio-demographic background, most respondents indicated their willingness to purchase soybean-based products when available in the market. They will likely purchase 0.5kg to 2kg per week and consume these products once to twice a week. Educational level and household size were found to be significantly associated with the intended amount of purchase, while age is significantly associated with the intended frequency of consumption. Expectations on the quality of the product to include freshness and quantity per pack, and their health condition in terms of psychological (individual) factors; taste in terms of the sensory (product-specific) factors; and price in terms of the marketing (environmental) factors are the major factors that will highly influence the preference and purchase of soybean-based food products as meat alternatives among consumers in Baguio City and Benguet Province. Other factors that will influence the purchase of the products include texture, availability and accessibility, and aroma of the products. Nutritional value, health benefits, affordability, and taste are the top criteria that will satisfy the consumers with soybean-based food products as a meat alternative.
Effect of Drying Methods and Load Volume on Microbial Contaminants and Cup Quality of Arabica Coffee
Authors: Basalong Andres A. , Amado Von Y. , Talbino Hazen Lyn B.
Published: February 2025

The effect of drying on bare concrete, portable drying beds, greenhouse-type dryer, and mechanical dryer at 10kg load/m2 and 20kg load/m2 of parchment coffee were assessed for microbial including ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination and cup quality. The shortest drying time of 40 hours was attained by mechanical drying. However, under sun drying, the shortest drying duration was attained from greenhouse-type dryer. Most microbial contaminants were isolated on the parchment coffee dried in all drying methods. Some were still associated on the green coffee beans but none on those dried in the greenhousetype dryer. The fungal species identified were Penicillium sp., Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Fusarium xylariodes, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum and Mucor sp. The dominant fungal species were Penicillium sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. OTA was found on the parchment coffee dried by mechanical dying at 10kg load/m2 and on bare concrete and portable drying beds at 20kg load/m2. However, OTA was not detected in the green coffee beans. All the drying methods except for the bare concrete, produced specialty coffee while coffee dried at 10kg load/m2 had better cupping quality.
Survey and Identification of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Infecting Planting Materials of Garlic (Allium sativum) in Major Growing Areas of Ilocos Norte, Philippines
Authors: Bugnay-Inso Lu Jane C. , Pedroche Nordalyn B.
Published: February 2025

Ilocos region is the main producer of garlic in the Philippines. Bulbs from farmers’ previous harvest constitute the primary source of planting materials. While fungi, viruses, and bacteria are monitored, the equally damaging nematodes are not being reported. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the occurrence of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) in major garlic growing areas in Ilocos Norte, Philippines. A total of 198 planting materials were randomly collected from these municipalities: Pasuquin, Vintar, San Nicolas, Batac City, and Pinili. Two PPNs were isolated from plant parts such as roots, basal plates, and cloves. Ditylenchus dipsaci is abundant in the clove and basal plate, while Aphelenchoides besseyi is abundant in the clove only. The abundance index of PPN (1.56-2.07) is above the threshold level in all municipalities surveyed. Abundance indices of D. dipsaci, A. besseyi, and their combined population are recorded at 1.76, 2.05, and 2.23, respectively. The nematodes at these levels have the potential to become economically important parasites in the locality where they were found.
Assessment of Higher Education Institutions' Man-Made Disaster Preparedness Nairobi, Kenya
Authors:   Snowball Kenya Limited, Kivunga M. A. , Mwavali A. E. ,   Safe Water and Sustainable Hygiene Initiative, Otuya Petronilla A. ,   St. Paul's University
Published: February 2025

The aim of this paper is to discuss the higher institutions level of man-made disaster preparedness. It is based on a study carried out in educational institutions in Nairobi County Kenya. The study sought to answer the questions:How are the universitiesprepared for all existing and potential man made hazards?Are there any risky areas and practices in the universities?And do the universties have a practical disaster preparedness and emergency action plan?With the view of gaining moreinsight on this matter a descriptive survey design whichfocused on the level of disaster preparedness in the institutionswas used.The assessment was conductedbetween October 2015 and January 2016.The sample size constituted four universities; 3 public universities and 1 Private University with a total of 452 respondents.The universities were purposively sampled due to their location within Nairobi city. The respondents were proportionately sampled from the universities using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected through use of questionnaires, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, observations and secondary data were also used. The research established that 59.9% of the respondents professed that the target institutions were not prepared with respect to man-made disasters while, 41.1% perceived otherwise. About half of the respondents 49.73% reported having low level of awareness on responding to man-made disasters. The assessment concludes that there exist unsafe prevailing circumstances in the target institutions premises that increase the vulnerability of their population to man-made disasters. The target institutions are unprepared to handle potential man-made disasters and the situation could be worsened due to the low levels of awareness among their population. The study recommends that the institutions endeavor to establish operational emergency preparedness/action plans for common man-made disasters and invest in man-made disaster preparedness training to enhance awareness among the population at the institutions. Key Words: Disaster, Preparedness, Assessment, Hazards, Institutions and Education
RED 2024-(wl 6197)-Luxury Consumption in India: Exploring the Environmental, Social, and Cultural Dimensions of Affluence
Authors: Bhar Soumyajit , Lele Sharachchandra
Published: February 2025

Luxury consumption, so far seen as a problem of the Global North, is now growing dramatically in India. We explore its complex dynamics, including definitions, drivers, impacts and responses. Luxury consumption has both material and symbolic value, and is driven by various aspirations, amplified by social media. Environmental consequences include heightened carbon emissions, water depletion, air pollution, and biodiversity loss. The psychological toll includes materialistic dissatisfaction and cognitive dissonance, challenging the narrative of material wealth as a pathway to human flourishing. We call for a new definition of the "good life," integrating eudaimonic well-being and sustainability into societal frameworks. Cultural movements and structural interventions such as luxury taxes are necessary responses to address this phenomenon. More research on luxury consumption adopting a mixed-method approach is essential to understand it better.
RED 2024-(wl 7326) Domesticating Climate Change: The Evolution of Indian Climate Politics and Policy
Authors: Dubash Navroz
Published: February 2025

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RED 2024-(wl 6555)-Pollution Regulation in India: Institutional and Legislative Conundrums
Authors: Ghosh Shibani
Published: February 2025

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(wl 2638)-The Contours of Caste in the Criminal Legal System:The Supreme Court’s Ruling on Prison Practices
Authors: Ravindranath Mrinalini , Mawase Maheshwari , Kinger Harsh , Sonavane Nikita
Published: February 2025

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(wl 4113)-Indian railways: a critical review
Authors: Sudhanshu Mani
Published: February 2025

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Migração e refúgio no Egito segundo a Bíblia
Authors: Gomes Rita Maria
Published: February 2025

O fenômeno da migração e do deslocamento em busca de refúgio é tão antigo quanto o estabelecimento de pessoas em Estados. Os Estados, e também, a Igreja enfrentam os desafios postos pela migração. Não sem razão a Igreja Católica Romana dedica um dia ao migrante e refugiado. Mas, esse olhar para o deslocamento populacional tem precedentes de longa data. A Sagrada Escritura atesta vários casos de deslocamentos de pessoas, sobretudo, no Antigo Testamento. Este artigo tem por finalidade entender como a Bíblia tratou a questão. Para tanto, faz-se uma análise bibliográfica, de modo especial a análise dos textos bíblicos que testemunham esse fenômeno. Neste artigo, segue-se os seguintes passos: análise do vocabulário e campo semântico da migração na Escritura; análise dos textos referentes à migração e, na sequência, os relacionados ao refúgio e, por fim, uma reflexão de cunho mais teológico sobre os lugares de partida e de chegada dos migrantes e refugiados.
Jesus e a Samaritana: a propósito da leitura Siquém em Jo 4,5 como chave de interpretação de Jo 4,1-42
Authors: Malzoni Cláudio Vianney
Published: February 2025

De acordo com Jo 4,5, Jesus foi a uma cidade da Samaria, próxima do campo que Jacó dera a seu filho José. A maioria dos testemunhos textuais trazem que essa cidade se chamava Sicar, e um número reduzido traz que se chamava Siquém. Sicar é mencionada na Bíblia apenas nesse versículo, já Siquém é mencionada diversas vezes. Inicialmente, a metodologia de trabalho, típica da crítica textual, será a da apresentação dos testemunhos textuais para cada leitura. Na sequência, será visto o modo como alguns autores trabalharam essas leituras até chegar às propostas de compreensão de toda a perícope seja a partir da leitura Sicar, seja a partir da leitura Siquém. Como resultado será mostrado como a leitura Siquém se enquadra nas controvérsias entre judeus e samaritanos e pode remontar a um material proveniente do cristianismo samaritano das origens, subjacente tanto ao Evangelho segundo João como aos Atos dos Apóstolos.
A influência do Deus Ba’al na mística panteísta israelita
Authors: Serafim de Souza Marcelo , Hélio José , Schmitt Flávio
Published: February 2025

O Artigo em questão se propõe a estudar a complexa questão acerca da adoração cúltica ao Deus Baal[1] na arqueologia, na vida de Israel e na Bíblia. Pretende-se demonstrar que a monolatria não foi regra em Israel, mas exceção. A influência do Deus Baal na mística panteísta israelita iniciou-se justamente com o contato de Israel com as nações vizinhas e com a conquista de Canaã, a terra prometida. O convívio de Israel com os cananitas fê-los abarcar a adoração aos deuses já cultuados naquela região, em específico, o Deus Baal. Desse modo, ainda que o culto a Yahweh, não fora abandonado pela nação israelita, Israel, movido por influência, passa a prestar culto a Yahweh junto ao culto prestado aos demais deuses, fazendo de Israel uma nação politeísta e polilátrica.
 
[1] Como há possibilidade de escrita, na língua portuguesa, desse nome sem o uso da apóstrofe, doravante empregaremos a forma “Baal”, em substituição à escrita semítica “Ba’al”.
A demitologização de Baal: de príncipe de Ugarit à baalização de YHWH
Authors: Natel Angela , L. P. de Andade Aíla
Published: February 2025

Dada a importância da mitologia para a compreensão da construção teórica e da práxis religiosa antigas, o objetivo do artigo é analisar a interação cultural-religiosa entre povos do Levante, e mostrar até que ponto o mito ugarítico de Baal pode ter exercido influência sobre a religiosidade do antigo Israel. Em primeiro lugar, o artigo se concentra no ciclo de Baal, o qual é de importância fundamental para qualquer discussão sobre a religião ugarítica em geral. Em seguida, destaca a influência do mito de Baal e da religiosidade construída sobre suas bases, no modo como o antigo Israel vivenciou e expressou suas experiências de fé. O estudo foi realizado por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa e com enfoque hermenêutico. Os principais resultados alcançados concentram-se na oposição direta entre Baal e Yahweh, na transferência de características de Baal para Yahweh e, finalmente, na evidenciação de um processo de demitologização da figura de Baal até tornar-se uma caracterização do próprio YHWH no contexto da institucionalização da monolatria.
A Baalização de Javé em perspectiva decolonial
Authors: Dietrich Luiz José , Araújo Marcelo Sales
Published: February 2025

Este artigo analisa a transformação que ocorreu na religião de Israel – especialmente no culto a Baal e a Javé – no processo de implantação da monolatria em Israel, pela violenta intervenção religiosa e política dos reis Ezequias (716 – 687 a.C.) e Josias (640 – 609 a.C.). Estes dois reis visaram pôr fim à antiga e tradicional vivência religiosa de Judá e de Israel, na qual predominava grande diversidade de locais de culto, vários Deuses e Deusas, muitas famílias sacerdotais e uma variedade de liturgias e cultos, e de mediadoras e mediadores. Eles centralizaram Jerusalém como o único local de culto permitido (Dt 12,1-12) e estabeleceram Javé como o único Deus de Israel (Dt 13,1-18), proibindo o culto às outras divindades, banindo e destruindo suas imagens e santuários, inclusive matando sacerdotes. Com isso, as atribuições das antigas divindades agora proibidas – que “cuidavam” de parte das necessidades vitais do povo, como a fertilidade dos campos, das pessoas e dos animais – tiveram de ser transferidas, na religião oficial, para Javé. Este artigo foca na transferência dos atributos e funções de Baal para Javé. Javé, agora “oficializado” como a única Divindade de Israel, deverá dar conta das funções anteriormente exercidas pelo conjunto dos Deuses e Deusas proibidas. A transposição dos atributos de Baal para Javé é crucial para a imposição da monolatria, e isto aparece em vários textos da Bíblia Hebraica. Um desses textos  é o capítulo 28 do livro do Deuteronômio, nas “bênçãos” e “maldições” que finalizam a aliança que estabelece Javé como o único Deus de Israel, e Israel como povo exclusivo de Javé. Este artigo focará especialmente neste capítulo do livro do Deuteronômio. Como o culto oficial, seja a Javé, Baal ou a outra divindade, tem sempre a mesma função: legitimar os projetos e interesses da elite representada na corte, uma teologia decolonial deverá então apoiar-se não na teologia oficial, mas na teologia vital que disseminou o culto a tal divindade, tornando-a extremamente popular e importante.
Thin films growth and electronic transmission of picene molecules on Cd(0001)
Authors: YU Tao  , FU Shirun  , LU Hongping  , WANG Junzhong  ,   School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Published: February 2025

We report the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies of the thin films of picene on the Cd(0001) surface. Compared to conventional noble metal substrates such as Au, Ag, and Cu, the low electronegativity and small work function of Cd(0001) can effectively weaken the molecule-substrate interactions, thereby promoting the intermolecular van der Waals attraction.
The experiments were conducted in a ultrahigh vacuum low-temperature STM combined with a molecular beam epitaxy system. The crystalline Cd(0001) films were grown on a Si(111)- 7×7 by depositing 15-20 monolayers of Cd atoms with subsequent annealing. The Picene molecules were deposited onto the Cd(0001) surface held at 100–120 K, where one monolayer (ML) was defined as the critical coverage preceding second-layer nucleation. All STM measurements were acquired in constant-current mode.
It is observed that, in the submonolayer regime, the picene molecules occupy the entire substrate surface and form disordered two-dimensional molecular gas, indicating the existence of electrostatic repulsive interaction among picene molecules. With the coverage increasing, the first layer of molecules undergoes the disorder-order transition, forming the parallel array of molecular stripes of flat-lying molecules. The high-resolution STM images indicates that the building blocks of molecular stripes is a picene dimer with the opposite dipole moments. More importantly, under specific bias voltages, the first layer of molecular stripes exhibits electronic transmission: not only the underlying Cd substrate atoms but also the standing waves of scattered electrons can also be observed nearby the defects. When the coverage exceeds 1.0 ML, the second picene layer also form the stripe array composed of picene dimers of a flat-lying and a side-on molecules, similar to the (110) plane in picene crystals. The above results indicate that, the electrons from the quantum-well states of Cd (0001) thin film have very strong penetration ability, and their vertical tunneling length reaches to the distance of two molecular layers.
Evolution of hind limb morphology of Titanosauriformes (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) analyzed via 3D Geometric Morphometrics reveals wide-gauge posture as an exaptation for gigantism
Authors: Paramo Blazquez Adrian , Mocho Pedro , Escaso Fernando , Ortega Francisco
Published: February 2025

The sauropod hind limb was the main support that allowed their gigantic body masses and a wide range of dynamic stability adaptations. It was closely related to the position of the centre of masses of their multi-ton barrel-shaped bodies, and experienced one of the most noticeable posture changes during macronarian evolution. Deeply branched macronarians achieved increasingly arched hind limbs in what is known as wide-gauge posture. However, it is not clear if this evolutionary trend is related to the evolutionary cascade toward gigantism even though some titanosaurians were the largest terrestrial vertebrates that ever existed. We tested evolutionary changes in hind limb morphology in the Macronaria phylogenetic tree by 3D geometric morphometrics. The macronarian hind limb does become progressively more arched toward deeply-branched groups, specifically Saltasauridae. However, there is morphological convergence between different macronarian subclades. Wide-gauge posture does not correlate with changes in body size deeper in the macronarian evolutionary tree, and acted as an exaptation to gigantism. Despite some titanosaurian subclades becoming some of the largest vertebrates, there is not a statistically-significant trend toward a particular body size but we identify a phyletic body size decrease in Macronaria.
Impact of self-efficacy and burnout on professional development of physical education teachers in the digital age: a systematic review
Authors: Ma Luhong , Chee Chen Soon , Amri Saidon , Gao Xuejiao , Wang Qinglei , Wang Nina , Liu Pan
Published: February 2025

Background

The professional development of teachers in the digital age will positively impact the effectiveness of physical education teaching. Exploring key factors such as self-efficacy, burnout, and digital technology is crucial to ensure the professional development of teachers.

Methods

The search was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and utilized the following databases: Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. Inclusion and exclusion criteria: population, research methods, keywords, and time limit were described for this study. This article predominantly includes cross-sectional studies, so we have used the AXIS risk assessment methodology.

Results

The study included ten articles, seven of which (70%) were quantitative. Three key findings emerged from this review: first, the studies on self-efficacy were more noteworthy than the studies on burnout. Second, female teachers were more expressive in their digital teaching, while male teachers had higher levels of self-efficacy in their digital teaching. Finally, the study explored various factors affecting self-efficacy and burnout in relation to digital teaching. The study demonstrated that professional development has a higher impact on physical education teachers’ self-efficacy, and in turn, self-efficacy reduces burnout. Additionally, burnout had a significant impact on professional development.

Conclusion

This study describes the limitations of risk assessment and uses the AXIS tool to assess the methodological quality of this review report instead of using the risk of bias tool. The use of digital teaching methods can increase self-efficacy and alleviate burnout among physical education teachers. This review analyses the effects of digital technology, self-efficacy, and burnout on the career progression of physical education instructors and examines the implications for future developments.
Gestão dos riscos de desabastecimento de medicamentos, antes e depois da COVID-19: um estudo bibliométrico
Authors: Santiago Rosivaldo Cardoso , Abreu José Orbilio de Souza , Cardoso Hugo Saba Pereira , Machado Bruna Aparecida Souza , Nascimento Filho Aloísio Santos
Published: February 2025

O estudo analisa a gestão de riscos de desabastecimento de medicamentos antes (1994-2019) e após (2020-2024) a pandemia de COVID-19, com uma abordagem bibliométrica para identificar tendências e lacunas nas cadeias de suprimentos farmacêuticos. Objetiva-se compreender como a pandemia reconfigurou as prioridades do campo, destacando mudanças nas abordagens de pesquisa. Para tanto, foram analisados ​​3.206 artigos indexados na base Scopus, utilizando ferramentas como o VOSviewer para mapear a evolução de palavras-chave e redes semânticas. Observa-se que antes da pandemia, predominava uma confusão conceitual entre “esgotamento” (ruptura de estoque) e “escassez” (desabastecimento), com maior foco em falhas pontuais. Contudo, a crise sanitária expõe fragilidades sistêmicas, ampliando o debate para questões humanitárias e interdependências globais. Após 2020, houve ênfase em estratégias de resiliência, sustentabilidade e tecnologias emergentes, como machine learning e blockchain. Conclui-se que a pandemia destacou vulnerabilidades em regiões dependentes de polos produtivos, como China e Índia, reforçando a necessidade de estratégias integradas para mitigar crises futuras, além de apontar lacunas na integração entre resiliência e gestão de riscos.
Catalisadores heterogêneos: revisão das principais técnicas de síntese e aplicações de materiais ativos suportados
Authors: Feitosa Ana Karoliny da Silva , Silva Herbert Fernandes , Pereira Helder de Lucena , Leal Elvia , Nascimento Luciano , Costa Ana Cristina Figueiredo de Melo , Silva Adriano Lima da
Published: February 2025

Os catalisadores desempenham um papel fundamental na aceleração da velocidade de uma reação química sem serem consumidos no processo, o que pode aumentar significativamente a rentabilidade de uma produção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica abrangente, com o intuito de apresentar as principais técnicas utilizadas na síntese de catalisadores heterogêneos. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um levantamento de informações em uma base consolidada de dados científicos, a plataforma ScienceDirect. Os materiais ativos predominantemente empregados no estudo foram óxido de cálcio (CaO), óxido de níquel (NiO), óxido de zinco (ZnO), óxido de potássio (K₂O) e óxido de magnésio (MgO). Quanto aos suportes, os mais utilizados incluíram carvão ativado, alumina, zeólita, biochar, sílica, nanotubos de carbono, óxido de grafeno e algumas peneiras moleculares, como a SBA-15. Portanto, os métodos de impregnação, especialmente por via úmida, são amplamente utilizados nas pesquisas analisadas, com destaque para o processo hidrotérmico combinado a outras técnicas.
Gestão de riscos naturais entre os povos da floresta: medidas atitudinais em face da realidade na Amazônia Ocidental
Authors: Silva Davi Expedito Dias da , Pedro Filho Flávio de São , Souza Sued Santos Rocha de , Mendes Beatriz Basilio , Pimenta Patrícia Martinez da Silva , Delani Daniel
Published: February 2025

Os desastres naturais registrados em Rondônia ocasionaram grave impacto socioambiental, com prejuízo à economia, e em especial aos povos ribeirinhos. Esta realidade fática induz ao seguinte questionamento: como capacitar os povos da floresta para o enfrentamento dos riscos naturais? O objetivo geral desta tarefa investigativa é estudar as principais medidas atitudinais a serem consideradas na gestão de enfrentamento de riscos naturais entre os povos da floresta na Amazônia Ocidental. Tem base nos conceitos oriundos da Teoria da Contingência, considerando fatores como a estratégia, o tamanho, a incerteza e as tecnologias. Aplica-se o Método da Análise de Conteúdo e respectivos procedimentos. Como resultados, traz a caracterização dos riscos como as inundações, escorregamentos severos, que são influenciados pelas características da região, como a rocha, solo, topografia, vegetação, condições meteorológicas são exemplos dos desastres naturais; se oferece uma análise com relação aos impactos dos riscos com a qualidade de vida dos ribeirinhos rondonienses, em decorrência de um curso de Capacitação dos Povos da Floresta para o enfrentamento de riscos, em face dos dados sobre as variações climáticas da região, os efeitos sobre as planícies amazônicas e acontecimento de erosão às margens dos rios. com agravantes dos fenômenos de Terras Caídas; e por último, oferece uma proposta para a sustentabilidade requerida no enfrentamento preventivo de riscos naturais, tendo como foco o Marco de Sendai que orienta este estudo, na inovação para enfrentamento no cenário investigado. Este estudo é um suporte a gestores em geral, lideranças, comunidades residentes, pesquisadores e outros interessados por essa abordagem.
A discricionariedade judicial para determinar a quantidade de drogas face ao artigo 28 da Lei 11.343/2006
Authors: Campos Anderson Ubaldo de
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo visa demonstrar que o juiz não pode definir a quantidade de droga apreendida para qualificar a conduta do agente como consumo pessoal com base no livre convencimento motivado, tal conduta vai de encontro aos princípios da reserva legal, separação de poderes, proporcionalidade e da segurança jurídica.
Analysis of Meteorological Drought Using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in the Dry Areas of Southern Karnataka, India
Authors: R.S. POOJA, , M.N. THIMMEGOWDA, , M.H. MANJUNATHA, , M.B. RAJEGOWDA, , HUGGI LINGARAJ , D.V. SOWMYA, , V. ARPITHA,
Published: February 2025

Karnataka is the second largest state after Rajasthan in India in terms of area under rainfed agriculture and experiences the impact of rainfall aberrations. The state consists of five dry zones that contribute a substantial part of state’s agricultural production. Of the five dry zones, three fall in southern Karnataka, which are the major contributors to production of finger millet, pigeon pea, ground nut, etc. Because rainfall is the major source of moisture, the spatio-temporal distribution is to determining the fate of crop production in the domain. Long-term (1992-2021) datasets on rainfall were used to assess droughts in the taluks of three dry zones of Karnataka (EDZ, SDZ & CDZ) using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) at a 12-month time scale and the outcomes were classified based on the SPI. Further, frequency, duration, severity and intensity analysis were carried out to characterize the drought in each taluk. The results revealed that a smaller number of extreme annual droughts were observed than near normal annual droughts (17-22 years). The frequency of dry years (SPI< -0.99) varied between 2-7 years, with maximum dry years observable at Shrinivasapura, Bangalore South and Gouribidanur taluk in Eastern dry zone, Kadur and Molakalmur taluks in the Central dry zone and Krishna Raja Pete, Turuvekere and Kunigal taluk in Southern dry zone of Karnataka. Major extreme drought events were observed during 2012, 2015 and 2016 because of the severe negative deviation of rainfall from normal during those years, and were more severe in the Maddur (-3.52), Harihara (-2.57) and Shidlaghatta (-3.394) taluk in the Southern, Central and Eastern dry zone, respectively. Furthermore, among the drought classes, the frequency of moderate drought events was higher than that of severe and extreme drought events, indicating the planning of crop management practices to overcome the impact of extreme drought event which are less frequent but devastating.