bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlates of type-2 diabetes mellitus in urban slums population Moradabad
Authors: Bahal Shiv Prasad , Saxena Sumit , Srivastava Anurag
Published: May 2018

Background: Epidemiological transitions in India in the 21st century have led to non-communicable diseases becoming a major public health problem of growing magnitude. One of the important diseases in this respect is diabetes, which is considered a “disease of urbanization”. Risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus are: age, gender, ethnicity, family history, obesity, inactivity, gestational diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, high blood glucose on previous testing, impaired glucose tolerance and glycated hemoglobin ≥5.7%.Methods: A community based cross- sectional study was conducted in urban slums which are the field practice area of Community Medicine department under the head of Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad. The final analysis was conducted on 640 participants. Each interview began with a general discussion to build rapport with the participants. Repeat visit was made on the consecutive day early in the morning to measure fasting blood glucose level with the help of Glucometer.Results: The overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the present study was found to be 15.6%. Maximum prevalence of diabetes mellitus was found between the age group of 60-69 years i.e. 44 (28.0%) followed by 26 (19.6%) in 50-59 years and 22 (18.1%) in 40-49 age group. In socioeconomic status, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 18 (21.6%) and 26 (25.2%) in class I and class II respectively.Conclusions: Based on study findings it has been observed that there was statistically significant association between socio-demographic variables like age, sex, education, socioeconomic status and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Change in body weight and treatment outcome in sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients treated under directly observed treatment short-course
Authors: Parande Malangori A. , Borle Pradip S. , Tapare Vinay S. , More Sudhakar W. , Bhattacharya Susmita S.
Published: May 2018

Background: Patients with tuberculosis often suffer from severe weight loss and is used as useful marker to predict TB treatment outcome. Hence a study was planned with an objective to determine the change of patient’s body weight over time throughout treatment and to determine whether there was any association with treatment outcome.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study, planned to be conducted among all smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered in a Tuberculosis Unit of Pune corporation, during the period of January to December 2015. Body weights of patients were recorded from TB treatment cards at the time of diagnosis, after 2 months of intensive phase of treatment and at the end of treatment. Total 344 cases were enrolled. Chi-Square test and Fisher’s exact test and repeated measure ANOVA test was used for analysis.Results: A bad outcome was more likely among the category II cases as compared to category I, among non-adherent to treatment cases in continuation phase and higher sputum grading at the time of diagnosis i. e. in 3+ sputum smear grading. The weights of the patients at the time of diagnosis, at end of intensive phase and at end of treatment showed statistical significant difference (p<0.0001). The weight gain, more so at end of treatment was significantly associated with good outcome.Conclusions: Weight gain has prognostic significance in patients with tuberculosis and should be considered as a surrogate marker to monitor response to TB treatment especially in developing countries where extensive laboratory tests are not feasible.
Impact of pedestrian crossing behavior at intersections on road traffic accidents in Shivamogga, Karnataka: an observational study
Authors: N. Praveen Kumar , C. Nandini , Saranya R. , N. H. Sridevi
Published: May 2018

Background: Every year about 1.25 million people die as a result of road traffic injuries and half of those dying on the world’s roads are “vulnerable road users” like pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists. The objectives of the study were to assess the demographic characteristics of pedestrians and its effects on their crossing behavior and to identify the impact of technological and social distractions among pedestrians on road traffic accidents.Methods: A community based, observational study was conducted for the duration of 2 weeks from 15-Aug-2017 to 30-Aug-2017, all major Pedestrian traffic generating intersections of Shivamogga city were identified; among them three intersections were selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected for 5 days at each intersection for all the three intersections. Convenient sampling was used for sample size. Data on demographic and behavioral information for each pedestrian were recorded. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21 software.Results: Crossing behaviors of 468 pedestrians at Intersections were recorded. The majority (46.6%) of pedestrians were in the 25–44 year age category, more than half of the pedestrians observed were males (60.9%). Approximately 22.6% of pedestrians observed performed a distracting activity while crossing. Most of the pedestrians crossed the road by hesitating (32.1%) and by running (28.2%). Pedestrians with technological and social distractions were more prone for road traffic injuries (χ2=31.59, df=4, p=0.001).Conclusions: There is a need to implement pedestrian safety rules and to provide facilities for pedestrians in the infrastructure of roads in India and effective interventions to protect pedestrians.
Reforming the perceptions about reproductive health amongst adolescents in urban slums
Authors: Masare Monika S. , Divekar Sachin S. , Bhelkar Sandeep M. , Hiwarkar Prabhakar A.
Published: May 2018

Background: Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood. It is marked by rapid physical growth and development with sexual maturity. The current study aims at assessing and reforming the perceptions affecting sexual behavior and attitude towards puberty, marriage, conception, STIs, HIV/AIDS and contraception among adolescent followed by appropriate training interventions.Methods: The study was conducted in an urban slum, on 110 adolescents of age 12 to 17 years in the field practice area of an urban health center in urban slum. A semi structured pretest and posttest Questionnaire administered to the study subjects with appropriate training interventions. The analysis was done using Microsoft Excel software.Results: Pretest showed that of only 19% of the adolescents could correctly mention half the physical changes occurring in boys during Puberty. Only 2% of the girls could mention the pubertal changes correctly. Awareness increased to up to 87% in boy’s and 51% in girls, who answered at more than half pubertal changes correctly in posttest respectively after teaching interventions. Perceptions about contraception, family planning STDs and HIV were also changed significantly after the interventions.Conclusions: Appropriate training about reproductive health is essential to sensitize the adolescents for the health empowerment at an early stage.
A cross sectional study of hypertension and their risk factors in fishermen of Chennai district
Authors: Muthukrishnan Gopal , Pillai Uma Suresh Balan Kumaraswamy , V. Anantharaman V.
Published: May 2018

Background: Hypertension is one of the major public health issues in worldwide. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of hypertension and its associated risk factors in fishermen of Chennai district, Tamil Nadu, India.Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted among 519 fishermen at the coastal areas of north Chennai district selected by multistage cluster sampling method.Results: In our present study, the significantly associated with the factors included age, level of education, economic status, marital status, BMI, diabetes mellitus, diet, smoking and alcohol user were significantly association (p<0.05) with hypertension. The study included 519 fishermen. Among them, 63% (328) were in the age group of 36–55 years, 24% (124) were in the age group of 18-35 years, 13% (67) were >55 years. The fishermen population showed a prevalence of 46.6% for hypertension. The prevalence of smoking tobacco use and alcohol use were found 34.30% and 71.68%. The average SBP and DBP was 127 and 84 mmHg respectively. The mean BMI was 24 (4.38) kg/m2. The prevalence of hypertension was found in 45% and 38.73% were having abdominal obesity.Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension was higher than the general population. The present study showed a significant association between the duration of alcohol use and prevalence of hypertension although smoking was not found to have significant association. The present study supports the association of obesity with hypertension.
Factors influencing perception and knowledge of exclusive breast feeding practices among nursing mothers in rural area of Thane district of Mumbai
Authors: Srivastava Abhay S. , Gawande Kanchan B.
Published: May 2018

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is recommended as the best feeding alternative for infants up to six months and has a protective effect against mortality and morbidity. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is one of the optimal infant and young child feeding practices. Globally,
Reasons for delay of surgical treatment among patients with senile mature cataract in Goa
Authors: Naik Vishaka Devidas , Usgaonkar Ugam P. S. , Albal Vedvati Hemant
Published: May 2018

Background:Cataract accounts for about 81% of blindness in India. By 2020, the elderly population is expected to double, further increasing the number of visually impaired. Effective strategies to reduce cataract backlog include increasing the number of cataract surgeries performed. Despite significant efforts to increase accessibility of cataract surgeries, particularly in developing countries, studies reveal that availability of eye care services in such communities may not necessarily translate into their appropriate utilisation. Even with government funded and private hospitals offering cataract surgeries being present, we see many patients with advanced unilateral or bilateral cataract. The reasons for this need to be evaluated. A hospital based cross sectional survey was aimed to determine the socioeconomic and demographic factors responsible for delay of cataract surgeries in patients with senile mature cataracts in Goa. Methods:This study was conducted over 6 months in 200 patients presenting to the Department of Ophthalmology, Goa Medical College with a senile mature cataract, with a pearly white lens and visual acuity of hand movements close to face projection of rays accurate. Patients were interviewed regarding reasons for delay in cataract treatment, covering awareness and attitude about cataract, misinformation, barriers to affordability, accessibility, and personal reasons. Results:Chief reason observed was good vision in one eye, others being unawareness about presence and treatment of cataract, distrust in surgery and economical and conveyance challenges. Conclusions: Based on this study, better public education, regular ocular examination and increasing accessibility and affordability of surgery will provide a solution to the challenge of delayed cataract treatment.
Assessment of breastfeeding practices among lactating mothers: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Goswami Shweta , Khanna Pardeep , Verma Ramesh , Chayal Vinod
Published: May 2018

Background: Breastfeeding practice is known to play an important role in reducing child mortality and morbidity. The primary objective was to assess the breastfeeding practices in Rohtak and the secondary objective was to compare the breastfeeding practices in the rural and urban areas of Rohtak.Methods: This descriptive type of community based cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in rural and urban field practice areas attached to Department of Community Medicine, Pt. B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak. 500 Lactating mothers of 6-11 months old children were included in the study and data was collected using the pre-tested questionnaire on breastfeeding practices.Results: In our study, early breastfeeding rate was 32.2%, exclusive breastfeeding rate was 23.4%, bottle feeding rate was 35.4% and timely complementary feeding rate was 63.2%.Conclusions: Counselling sessions with the aim to promote breastfeeding are needed. Mothers as well as other family members should particularly be educated about the importance of early initiation of breastfeeding and to prolong exclusive breastfeeding.
Prevalence of anemia in blood donors: a retrospective study in rural tertiary care centre (Chamba, Himachal Pradesh, India)
Authors: Singh Shairoly , Arora Ishan , Singh Shireen
Published: May 2018

Background: In India, a large majority of blood donors are deferred due to anemia. Anemia is a temporary cause of deferral which can be easily treated. Deferrals due to anemia can be easily identified in blood bank and can be treated and managed effectively.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in Department of Blood Bank of Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Govt. Medical College, Chamba (H.P) over a time period of one year from 1st Jan 2017 to 31st Dec 2017.Results: We observed that the total number of deferrals was 90 out of all blood donors forming 9%. Out of all deferrals, those due to anemia were 23 (25.5%). Prevalence of anemia in female donors is much higher, constituting 26.31% and anemia in male donors in our study is lower forming 1.8%.Conclusions: Our study concluded that percentage of anemia is much higher in females than males. Educating and counseling females about prevention and treatment of anemia would help in lowering the percentage of anemia in females in our community.
Assessment of deworming practice among mothers of under five children in Kancheepuram district
Authors: V. Dhanuraja , M. Vijayakarthikeyan , J. Krishnakumar
Published: May 2018

Background: Worm infestation is a major problem in children from developing countries due to poor sanitary and hygienic conditions. As the worm infestation is highly associated with the anaemia in children and generalized malnutrition as well as micronutrient malnutrition it is important to assess the deworming practice among mothers of under five children. Thus this study was aimed to assess the deworming practice to their children among mothers of under five children in Kancheepuram district and to find out the association between education level of the mothers and deworming practice, residence (rural/urban) of the mothers and deworming practice.Methods: A cross- sectional study was conducted among 208 mothers of under five children in the field practice area urban and rural health centre of Sree Balaji Medical College for duration of four month using a pretested questionnaire.Results: Among 208 mothers 105 (50.5%) is from rural and 103 (49.5%) is from urban. Among them 40 (19.2%) were illiterate and 168 (80.8%) were literate. About deworming practice 40 (19.2%) mothers have never done deworming to their children, 32 (15.4%) mothers have done deworming to their children only after the worm infestation symptoms appears and 136 (65.4%) mothers have done deworming to their children regularly. Education level of the mothers (p=0.000) and the residence (rural/urban) of the mothers (p=0.000) are significantly related to the deworming practice.Conclusions: Deworming practice among rural mothers and illiterate mothers is low. Hence awareness should be created among them about the deworming practice in preventing the complication caused by the worm infestation and should promote the habit of regular deworming to their children.
Are patients satisfied with accessibility and services provided at siddha hospitals? Findings of patient satisfaction survey from a district of South India
Authors: D. Venkatachalam , Selvaraj Kalaiselvi , Ramaswamy Gomathi , A. Veerakumar , Chinnakali Palanivel , Saya Ganesh Kumar
Published: May 2018

The study was aimed to assess patient satisfaction about with services provided by Siddha (indigenous) system of medicine which was merged with public health system recently in India. A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted among the outpatients attending selected siddha hospitals in Tamil Nadu. Perception regarding the quality of services was assessed from every 10th patient visiting the hospitals during the month of February and March 2014. Of total 263 out patients interviewed, majority of them reported that the amenities related to infra-structure (47-68%) and OPD timings (96.6%) were satisfactory. However, 32% and 23% of the patients reported that seating facility and waiting time were not satisfactory respectively. Almost all patients were satisfied regarding competency, behaviour of siddha doctors and pharmacists. Of the 217 patients who revisited the siddha wing, most of the patients (98.2%) reported improvement in their illness. There is a scope to improvise the amenities related to infra-structure in these health facilities.
Plants of Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Himalaya: A Field Guide
Authors: Shah N. C.
Published: May 2018

No abstract
Batı Akdeniz Havzası Sınırlarının Yüksek Doğrulukla Belirlenmesi
Authors: GÖKGÖZ Türkay , ERDOĞAN Mustafa , SEYREK Kemal , OZULU İbrahim Murat
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışmada Batı Akdeniz Havzası sınırlarının yüksek
doğrulukla belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda 1:25,000 ölçekli
yüksek doğruluklu 3 boyutlu vektör yükseklik ve hidrografya verileri
kullanılarak coğrafi bilgi sistemleri araçlarıyla 10 m çözünürlüklü sayısal
yükseklik modeli üretilmiş ve bu modelden havza sınırları türetilmiştir. Birinci
düzey alt havzalardan biri Avlan Gölü’ne karşılık gelen çukur nesnesine dayalı
olarak türetilen kapalı havzadır. Bu havza mevcut havza setlerinde
bulunmamaktadır. Havza sınırlarının ve sayısal yükseklik modelinin doğruluğu
sırasıyla ağırlıklı karesel ortalama yatay ve düşey konum hatalarına göre
değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, elde edilen havza sınırlarının ve sayısal
yükseklik modelinin yüksek doğruluklu olduğu söylenebilir.
O TEXTO (EN)CENA: LITERATURA E METATEATRALIDADE NO GIZ-EN-SCÈNE
Authors: Rodrigues Marco Aurélio
Published: May 2018

O presente artigo propõe-se a discutir a prática metateatral do Grupo de Leituras Dramatizadas Giz-en-Scène. Formado por alunos e professores da Faculdade de Ciências e Letras, campus da UNESP de Araraquara, a trupe há mais de trinta anos realiza encenações dos textos clássicos com a manutenção do texto em cena. Com um caráter didático, visto que o propósito das montagens é levar ao universo acadêmico o teatro antigo, o grupo, para além de uma discussão sobre as dimensões da apreciação do espectador e interesse desperto pelas apresentações, proporciona um diálogo metateatral, pois ao manter a Literatura em cena, o texto passa a ser parte integrante do processo mimético realizado no espetáculo e, assim sendo, é encenado. A partir da análise da última montagem realizada em Araraquara, com os epigramas de Marcial (séc. I d.C), cuja obra não é dramática, pretende-se demonstrar como a presença do texto em cena reafirma o caráter questionador do teatro e propõe uma reflexão sobre a encenação, o papel do espectador enquanto leitor e, acima de tudo, a performatividade do poeta epigramático.
A SIMBÓLICA DO MAL NO SALMO 91
Authors: Andrade Barros Boaz , Pereira Marcos Paulo Torres
Published: May 2018

Propomos analisar o conceito de mal abordado pelo filósofo Paul Ricoeur em A Simbólica do Mal, tomando como corpus de pesquisa o Salmo 91. Em primeiro momento, evidenciaremos a natureza e historicidade de todo o Saltério registrado na literatura hebraica do Antigo Testamento bíblico. Em seguida, analisaremos a simbologia do mal enquanto mancha, pecado e culpabilidade na perspectiva sustentada pelo filósofo, a partir dos princípios hermenêuticos e fenomenológicos por ele defendidos. Por fim, consideraremos as expressões simbólicas do mal encontradas no Salmo 91, buscando promover uma reflexão a respeito da existência do mal e de como combatê-lo; para isso, utilizaremos o método crítico-hermenêutico, com a finalidade de explicar a linguagem simbólica do corpus
AGUÇAMENTO E INTENSIFICAÇÃO DA COMUNICAÇÃO EM DIE WAND DE MARLEN HAUSHOFER
Authors: Mathias Dionei
Published: May 2018

RESUMO: O romance Die Wand (A parede), escrito pela autora austríaca Marlen Haushofer, foi publicado em 1963, representando uma das mais importantes obras literárias da segunda metade do segundo XX, na literatura de expressão alemã. Este artigo pretende analisar esse texto, com vistas ao papel da comunicação em seu universo diegético. Após uma introdução e a definição teórica de alguns termos, o artigo passa a explorar a questão da comunicação em três contextos: (1) o aguçamento do diálogo espaço-temporal, (2) a percepção corporal e a reorganização da memória, por fim, (3) a sintonização entre animais e humanos. A discussão neste artigo termina com uma tentativa de compreender o simbolismo da parede invisível que isola a protagonista, argumentando que esta representa a comunicação. 
RADUAN NASSAR E AS RELAÇÕES CULTURAIS EM TEMPOS DE CÓLERA
Authors: Queiroga Mariene De Fátima Cordeiro de
Published: May 2018

Um dos conflitos culturais subsistentes na dimensão histórica brasileira diz respeito à relação entre espaço geográfico e construção de identidades. No Brasil, um autor que promove um campo fértil para essas discussões é o paulista Raduan Nassar, particularmente em sua obra Um Copo de Cólera. Esta representação ficcional parece ter assimilado certos aspectos do contexto social da época da ditadura militar. Nosso propósito é estudar os elementos sociais de época como influência na escrita deste autor. Assim como evidenciar também como cada personagem se situa através de suas distintas forças culturais hegemônicas e representativas: o narrador personagem como figura do espaço do campo, e a personagem feminina como referência do espaço urbano; ambos com o intento imaginário do poder absoluto. Além disso, pretendemos relevar os processos de interlocução na delimitação de espaço, resistência e recusa de passagem de fronteira, pela bipolaridade espacial (cidade x campo) nas relações de poder. Para tanto, se faz necessário um estudo aprofundado do contexto histórico da época, assim como a colaboração teórica de Antonio Candido (2008), Renato Ortiz (2006), Alfredo Bosi (1992) e Rossana Reguillo (2005).

Palavras chave: Espaço, identidade, ditadura militar, Raduan Nassar.
Outer Space Law in Retrospect
Authors: Mainura Tunku Intan
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this article is to analyse the literature concerning legal framework for outer space activities by states. Review was conducted on the elements of national space law, including literature critiquing particular strengths or weaknesses of existing laws and literature, on the obligations placed on States under international law and on why writers make particular recommendations as to the content of legislation. The article will summarise the key elements one would anticipate finding in the outer space regulatory framework and which will form the structure of the analytical framework when considering how States implement international space law in practice.
Does technical manager affect performance?--Evidence of Shaanxi private tech enterprise of China
Authors: Shen Zunhuan , Wang Fan , Guo Ziyu
Published: May 2018

Technical manager is the key to improve performance with innovation, but literature lacks of research about the influence of the characteristics of technical manager on performance. Based on the sample coming from Shaanxi private tech enterprise of China, it shows that the length of work of technical manager has positive impacts on both the innovative performance and financial performance.Taking the industry into account, the education level of technical manager would improve the innovative performance of company in manufacturing and information industry.Therefore, paying attention to the length of work and education level of technical manager is important to improve the innovative and financial performance of private technical enterprise.
Are Pressure Vests Beneficial at Reducing Stress in Anxious and Fearful Dogs?
Authors: Buckley Louise Anne
Published: May 2018

PICO question

In fearful or anxious dogs does wearing a pressure vest, compared to not wearing one, result in reduced behavioural and physiological signs of stress? 
Clinical bottom line

Four studies of variable quality and limitations were identified that investigated the use of pressure vests, using various physiological and behavioural proxy measures of anxiety. Most behavioural outcome measures associated with a positive effect were subjective assessments, with unblinded assessors. Subjectively, many of the owners believed that pressure vests had a positive effect on their dogs’ anxiety levels.

The take home message for the veterinary professional is that pressure vests may have small but beneficial effects on canine anxiety and that habituating the dog to the vest, assessing for comfort and using repeatedly may improve the likelihood of any benefit. However, the owner should be cautioned that they should not expect their dog’s anxiety to be fully alleviated or prevented, and it may have no beneficial effect at all. 
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PSIKOLOGI ISLAM, PSEUDO ILMIAH?
Authors: Rahayu Iin Tri
Published: May 2018

As a religion, Islam not only offers a system of belief, worship, and ethics, but further, Islam has embraced all cultures and civilizations. This also includes culture and scientific civilization. In the span of the history of culture and civilization, Islamic discourse is never silent from psychology, from basic principles, physiological concepts, to operational techniques. Method of study and development of Islamic psychology pursued through two ways namely pragmatic method and idealistic method. This paper describes mapping methods and approaches of Islamic psychology as well as research method and development of Islamic psychology. The result shows that Islamic psychology is no longer in pseudo scientific level but it has exceeded the scientific boundaries. The objectivity of a science is only a matter of agreement, whose criteria are both quantitative and qualitative. Contemporary psychology has gained agreement from its own circle. Likewise Islamic psychology has gained agreement from the Muslims.

 

Sebagai agama, Islam tidak saja menawarkan sistem kepercayaan, peribadatan, dan etika, tetapi lebih jauh, Islam telah mencakup seluruh kebudayaan dan peradaban. Termasuk di dalamnya yaitu kebudayaan dan peradaban ilmiah. Dalam rentang sejarah kebudayaan dan peradaban, wacana Islam tidak pernah sunyi dari pembahasan psikologi, mulai dari prinsip-prinsip dasar, konsep- konsep fisiologis, sampai pada teknik operasionalnya. Metode pengkajian dan pengembangan psikologi Islam ditempuh melalui dua cara yaitu metode pragmatis dan metode idealistik. Tulisan ini menjabarkan pemetaan metode dan pendekatan psikologi Islam serta metode pengkajian dan pengembangan psikologi Islam. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu psikologi Islam bukan lagi bertaraf pseudo ilmiah tetapi telah melampaui batas-batas ilmiah. Objektivitas suatu ilmu hanyalah persoalan kesepakatan, yang kriterianya bukan hanya kuantitatif tetapi juga kualitatif. Psikologi kontemporer telah mendapatkan kesepakatan dari kalangannya sendiri. Demikian juga psikologi Islam telah mendapatkan kesepakatan dari kalangan kaum Muslim. 
NATURALITAS ISLAMISASI ILMU PENGETAHUAN DI LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Andarwati Andarwati
Published: May 2018

The emergence of the concept of Islamization of science has invited much attention from various social circles, including those from Islamic educational institutions. Basically education aims to lift human dignity through a process in the form of transfer of knowledge and transfer of values. Al Faruqi demonstrates the demands of competence complexity in order to meet the criteria of educational standards of eligibility in the Islamization of science. It was concluded that for Islamic educational institution, Islamization of science is a requirement because the substance of learning is expected to produce human with intellectual and moral quality. This will be a preventative effort against intellectual bias. The formulation of the substance and practice of education based on Islamization of science is a potential challenge as it requires multi-capable and multi-skill educators. All of them have to rely on the elements of aqidah and tawhid derived from Al Quran and Hadith. In addition, educators are expected to combine those elements integrally and holistically.

 

Munculnya konsep Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan telah mengundang banyak perhatian dari berbagai kalangan sosial, termasuk dari kelompok praktikan lembaga pendidikan Islam. Pada dasarnya pendidikan bertujuan untuk mengangkat harkat dan martabat manusia melalui suatu proses dalam bentuk transfer pengetahuan dan transfer nilai. Al Faruqi menunjukkan adanya tuntutan kompleksitas kompetensi untuk dapat memenuhi kriteria standar kelayakan pendidik dalam Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan. Disimpulkan bahwa bagi lembaga pendidikan Islam, Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan adalah suatu kebutuhan karena dari substansi pembelajarannya diharapkan dapat mencetak manusia yang memiliki kualitas intelektual dan moral. Ini akan menjadi upaya preventif terhadap bias intelektual. Perumusan substansi dan praktek pendidikan berbasis Islamisasi ilmu pengetahuan ini menjadu suatu tantangan yang potensial karena menuntut pendidik memliki multi kapabilitas dan multi skill. Kesemuanya harus bertumpu pada unsur-unsur akidah dan tauhid yang bersumber dari Al Quran dan Hadits. Selain itu pendidik diharapkan mampu memadukan unsur-unsut tersebut secara integral dan holistik. 
TRAGEDI KEMATIAN TUHAN: Kajian atas Aforisme Nietzsche “Tuhan Telah Mati”
Authors: Firdausy M. Anwar
Published: May 2018

The declaration of “God is dead” is the most memorable statement for people knowing Nietzsche. That declaration made him well-known around the world for centuries. It is no wonder that he then got people’s negative impression, for example “The God’s butcher” which is identical to atheism and other anti-religion communities. At a glance, Nietzsche is seen as the hater of God though wisely he deserved to be in the mid position between “religion and anti-religion” or “religious and secular”. The reason is that, The God he hates is The One being arbitrary and unfair. He wants others to be free from the fake promises of the world and search for the truth.

 

Proklamasi God is dead adalah pernyataan yang paling melekat dalam ingatan orang tentang sosok Nietzsche. Sabda itulah yang melambungkan dirinya hingga pada tingkat kesohoran melintasi ruang geografis dan waktu dalam hitungan abad. Tidak heran jika kemudian ia mendapatkan beragam stigma. Sebut saja julukan “Sang Penjagal Tuhan” yang diidentikkan dengan ateisme dan gerakan-gerakan anti agama. Sekilas Nietzsche terlihat seperti pembenci Tuhan meskipun secara bijak ia telah pantas berada pada posisi tengah di antara “agama dan anti agama”, “religius dan sekular”. Alasannya ialah Tuhan yang dia benci adalah Tuhan yang sewenang-wenang dan tidak adil. Ia ingin agar manusia bebas dari janji-janji palsu dunia dan mulai mencari kebenaran.
SOSIALISASI NILAI-NILAI AGAMA PADA ANAK DALAM KELUARGA MUSLIM
Authors: Djazuli Djazuli
Published: May 2018

Religion generally considers that family is an eternal and sacred institution. The institution is regarded as part of the divine nature for every man, whether male or female. In sociological perspective, religion is set on a very basic area. Because religion is the principle of all principles. This paper explains the socialization of religious values that shape the personality of child. How religious values color the interaction in Muslim families between children and parents. Through the explorative approach, this study found that the value of religion can be reflected from various aspects such as structuring the condition of the house, the establishment of an environment that builds the character of the child and the effort to socialize the religious values from an early age. The socialization is reflected through the life cycle of Muslims and the pattern of formal and informal education of children.

 

Agama pada umumnya memandang bahwa lembaga keluarga merupakan lembaga yang abadi dan suci. Lembaga tersebut dianggap sebagai bagian dari kodrat Ilahi bagi setiap manusia baik laki-laki ataupun perempuan. Dalam perspektif sosiologis, religi ditempatkan pada kawasan yang sangat mendasar. Karena religi dalam pengertian agama merupakan prinsip dari segala prinsip dan azas dari segala azas. Tulisan ini menjelaskan sosialisasi nilai agama yang membentuk kepribadian anak. Bagaimana nilai agama mewarnai interaksi dalam keluarga muslim antara anak dan orang tua. Melalui pendekatan eksploratif, kajian ini menemukan bahwa nilai agama dapat direfleksikan dari berbagai aspek seperti penataan kondisi rumah, pembentukan lingkungan yang membangun karakter anak dan upaya sosialisasi nilai agama sejak dini. Sosialisasi tersebut tercermin melalui siklus kehidupan muslim dan pola pendidikan anak baik formal maupun informal.
KEHADIRAN KYAI INDEPENDEN DALAM DINAMIKA SOSIAL-POLITIK: Telaah Peran Kyai dalam Merespon Perpolitikan Era Reformasi
Authors: Sahlan Asmaun
Published: May 2018

Actually there are some people expect the position and role of independent standing kyai do not participate in practical political activities, not contaminated by frenzied and hot politics. The presence of kyai is expected to provide coolness and peace and cool the heat of political flow. Besides, it is also a force of politics and government life in Indonesia. This paper describes the variations and typology of kyai, and the relationship between religion and politics. Kyai uamh join the flow of politics is always suspected by groups that are not in line with it. The independent kyai that is not contaminated by politics is always waiting for the community. The kyai's decision to engage in politics or not is basically meant to build a just and prosperous community.

 

Sebenarnya ada sebagian masyarakat mengharapkan posisi dan peran kyai berdiri independen tidak ikut dalam kegiatan politik praktis, tidak terkontaminasi oleh hingar-bingar dan panasnya perpolitikan. Kehadiran kyai ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kesejukan dan kedamaian serta mendinginkan panasnya arus politik. Selain itu juga menjadi force kehidupan perpolitikan dan pemerintahan di Indonesia. Tulisan ini menjabarkan mengenai variasi dan tipologi kyai, serta hubungan antara agama dan politik. Kyai uamh ikut arus politik selalu dicurigai oleh kelompok yang tidak sejalan dengannya. Adapun kyai independen yang tidak terkontaminasi politik selalu dinantikan masyarakat. Keputusan kyai untuk terlibat politik atau tidak pada dasarnya dimaksudkan untuk membangun umat yang adil dan makmur.
APLIKASI PORTOFOLIO DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB
Authors: Ulum Muh. Syamsul
Published: May 2018

To keep the rhythm of student learning to avoid any decrease there must be variation of process and way of learning. In this case the proto folio model is very effective to maintain the student's learning rhythm. Portfolios in addition to teaching design are also used for teaching evaluation. This paper describes the protofolio and its implementation. As it is known that in the learning-learning process serves as a designer, executor, and appraiser. In this latter function the teacher should perform well. In the evaluation of the process, the implementation of evaluation by looking at the progress and progress both individual and group during the learning process takes place. This is done by recording the behavior, responses, and activities of students from the first meeting until the last meeting. Evaluation of the results is done by giving the test to the learners about the problems identified, then correcting by providing improvement notes as feedback, then returning the correction result to the learners to be studied in preparation for the next test.

 

Untuk mempertahankan irama belajar mahasiswa agar tidak menurun harus terdapat variasi proses dan cara belajar. Dalam hal ini model proto folio sangat efektif untuk mempertahankan irama belajar mahasiswa. Portofolio selain untuk merancang pengajaran juga digunakan untuk evaluasi pengajaran. Tulisan ini menjabarkan mengenai protofolio dan implementasinya. Sebagaimana diketahui bahwa dalam proses belajar- mengajarguru berfungsi sebagai perancang, pelaksana, dan penilai. Dalam fungsinya yang terakhir inilah guru hendaknya melaksanakan dengan baik. Dalam evaluasi proses, pelaksanakan evaluasi dengan cara melihat perkembangan dan kemajuan baik yang bersifat individual maupun kelompok selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Hal ini dilakukan dengan cara mencatat perilaku, respon, dan aktivitas mahasiswa dari pertemuan pertama sampai pertemuan terakhir. Sedangkan evaluasi hasil dilakukan dengan cara memberikan tes kepada peserta didik tentang masalah-masalah yang diidentifikasi, kemudian mengoreksi dengan memberikan catatan perbaikan sebagai feedback, selanjutnya mengembalikan hasil koreksian tersebut kepada peserta didik untuk dipelajari guna mempersiapkan tes berikutnya.
PEREBUTAN KEKUASAAN INTERNAL NU
Authors: Muslimin Imam
Published: May 2018

Since its establishment, NU has always been characterized by various internal rivalries between fractions fighting for influence. This paper discusses the internal upheaval of NU. Furthermore, the paradigmatic camps, ideological camps and competing fractions are also reviewed comprehensively. The result of competition for the power, most obviously, is the shift in power-sharing internally. At the time of its establishment until the 1950s, the greatest part of power in NU was held by non-politician kiai (syuriah) fraction, then the politician fraction (tanfidiyah) dominated it until the first half of the 1980s, and after that NU was in the hands of the fractions "Scholar".

 

Semenjak kelahirannya, NU selalu ditandai dengan berbagai persaingan internal antar fraksi yang berebut pengaruh. Tulisan ini membahas mengenai pergolakan internal NU. Lebih jauh, kubu-kubu paradigmatik, kubu ideologis dan fraksi yang berlaga juga diulas secara komprehensif. Buah dari persaingan menuju kekuasaan itu, yang paling nyata, adalah pergeseran pembagian kekuasaan internal. Pada saat berdirinya hingga tahun 1950-an, bagian terbesar kekuasaan dalam NU dipegang oleh fraksi kiai-non politisi (syuriah), kemudian fraksi politisi (tanfidiyah) mendominasi hingga paroh pertama dekade 1980-an, dan setelah itu hingga sekarang NU berada di tangan fraksi “Cendekia”.
Prototipo de monitoreo y alarma para la detección de heladas blancas en sectores rurales de Sogamoso
Authors: Salamanca-Figueroa Fabián Andrés , Suarez-Rodrígez Willmar Arbey , Cárdenas-Gamboa Christian Camilo
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo muestra el diseño de un prototipo de monitoreo y alarma que permite la detección de heladas blancas y sirve de base para el desarrollo de un prototipo que posibilite la detección y predicción de heladas negras. El dispositivo, muestra las variables atmosféricas de temperatura y humedad, las  comunica a un servidor local (Broker) mediante WiFi y el protocolo MQTT, éste a su vez retransmite la información útil a otros dispositivos finales, como celulares y computadoras. El sistema es capaz de alertar mediante una alarma y permitir la comunicación de estos eventos a los diferentes dispositivos finales. Para lograr ésto, fue necesario seleccionar los dispositivos, tecnologías y protocolos convenientes, realizar un diseño y validarlo por medio de la emulación de las condiciones de temperatura y humedad adecuadas.
19.Yüzyıl Siverek’inde Şehir, Ticaret, Mekân
Authors: Akman Ekrem
Published: May 2018

Osmanlı/İslam şehir unsurları içinde cami, pazar ve hamam üç
temel mekânı oluşturmaktadır. Şehir hinterlandından getirilen ürünlerin
değişiminin sağlandığı pazar yerleri, temizlik için hamam ve cuma namazı kılınan
caminin etrafında oluşan şehirlere daha sonra başka unsurlar eklenmişse de bu
üç temel mekân/yapı şehrin mahalleler dışındaki temel mekânları olma
özelliklerini korumuşlardır. Ticari mekânlar toprağa bağlı olamayan üretim
malları ve diğer ürünlerin pazarlandığı ve bir yerleşim biriminin şehir
sayılabilmesinin en önemli unsurlarının başında gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada klasik Osmanlı/İslam
şehir özelliklerini içinde barındıran Siverek şehrinin ticari mekânları olan
pazar yerleri, çarşılar ve hanlar 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına tarihlenen
Siverek Şer’iye Sicillerindeki veriler ışığında ortaya konmuştur.
7. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Denklem ve Eşitlik Konusundaki Öğrenmelerine Öğrenci Bileşeni Açısından Bir Bakış
Authors: SERT ÇELİK Hülya , MASAL Ercan
Published: May 2018

Denklem ve eşitlik konusunu pedagojik alan bilgisinin öğrenci alt
bileşenleri yönünden ele alan bu çalışmada, 7.sınıf öğrencilerinin denklem ve
eşitlik konusuna yönelik olarak, kavramsal ve işlemsel öğrenmelerinin ne
aşamada olduğunu, bu öğrenmelerde ön bilgi ve yeni bilgiler arasında bağlantı
kurmada karşılaştıkları güçlükleri, yaşadıkları kavram yanılgıları ve anlama
güçlüklerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma grubunu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden
kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesine göre seçilen, Marmara Bölgesinde yer
alan bir ilçedeki 10 ortaokulun 215 7. sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veriler
araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen Denklem ve Eşitlik Konusundaki Öğrenci
Bilgisi Belirleme Testi (ÖBBT) ile 2017-18 Eğitim Öğretim yılında toplanmıştır.
Elde edilen veriler, betimsel ve içerik çözümlemesine tabi tutularak 24 kod, 11
kategori ve 3 tema altında toplanmıştır. Ortaokul Matematik Öğretim Programında
(2013) Denklem ve Eşitlik konusunda yer alan dört kazanım dikkate alınarak
bulgular verilerin frekansları hesaplanmış ve elde edilen yüzde oranları
çizelgeler oluşturularak sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak; öğrencilerin denklem ve
eşitlik konusundaki öğrenci bilgisi bileşenini oluşturan alt bileşenlerde,
çalışmanın temalarına da uygun olarak, zorluklar yaşadıkları tespit edilerek,
nedenleri ve çözüm önerileri tartışılmıştır.
El giro epistemológico en la Universidad Agraria de la Habana (UNAH), Cuba
Authors: Lamar Adolfo Ramos , Roach Eduardo Francisco
Published: May 2018

En la Epistemología articulada en la Educación Superior Agropecuaria en Cuba antes de 1990 intervienen la política agraria, la política científica y tecnológica, y la política de educación superior. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en abordar cómo en el Complejo Científico Docente Universidad Agraria de la Habana (UNAH) viene abriéndose paso una Epistemología en sintonía con el rumbo de la política agraria. Un indicador de ese giro epistemológico son las concepciones de la ciencia y la tecnología emergentes del rediseño de los planes y programas de las carreras de ciencias agropecuarias. En este sentido, si bien emerge un escenario favorable, no es menos cierto que ya existía en nuestro ámbito académico una masa crítica de profesores cuyos trabajos de investigación y su labor docente anuncian la necesidad de ese giro epistemológico.
Análise das ênfases formativas de mestrados profissionais destinados a professores de matemática
Authors: Losano Ana Leticia , Fiorentini Dario
Published: May 2018

Os mestrados profissionais representam, atualmente, uma importante e variada oportunidade formativa dentro da Educação Superior para os professores em exercício. Desde a sua criação, eles têm sido alvo de diversos debates, muitos deles ainda em vigência. Um ponto particularmente importante desses debates tem sido a discussão sobre as formas de organizar as propostas curriculares (sua estrutura e dinâmica, assim como as vinculações entre ensino e pesquisa) que melhor potencializem a articulação entre o mestrado profissional e a prática docente nas escolas dos professores-mestrandos. Buscando contribuir com estes debates, este artigo tem por objetivo descrever e analisar as maneiras em que é concebido o sujeito da formação e as ênfases formativas de quatro cursos de mestrado profissional destinados a professores de matemática no estado de São Paulo. Utilizando uma metodologia qualitativa, desenvolveu-se uma análise documental de diversos documentos oficiais produzidos e disponibilizados pelos quatro cursos. Os resultados mostram que, embora estejam destinados a professores de matemática, os quatro cursos concebem o professor-mestrando de maneiras diversas e privilegiam diferentes conhecimentos e aprendizagens docentes. Deste modo, os quatro cursos estabelecem diferentes níveis de articulação entre as atividades formativas organizadas dentro do mestrado e a prática docente nas escolas dos professores-mestrandos.
Cursos de licenciatura em educação especial e contextos emergentes
Authors: Corte Marilene Gabriel Dalla , Mello Gabriela Barichello
Published: May 2018

O texto aborda políticas de Educação Superior e contextos emergentes nos cursos de licenciatura em Educação Especial. Objetiva compreender a inter-relação de políticas de Educação Superior com os contextos emergentes nos cursos de Educação Especial Licenciatura-plena da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Retrata o contexto de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso, que contou na construção de dados com o questionário misto on-line e a análise documental. Os resultados apontam para a configuração e a compreensão dos contextos emergentes na Educação Superior e para o reconhecimento de desafios e novos modos de ser, estar e se organizar as instituições de ensino superior em que conclui-se que os contextos emergentes influenciam nas dinâmicas organizacionais das instituições e respectivos cursos, bem como no desenvolvimento do trabalho docente.
Concepções de professores universitários sobre inovação pedagógica
Authors: Araújo Raul , Belian Rosalie
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa que objetivou compreender as concepções de docentes sobre práticas pedagógicas inovadoras em uma instituição de ensino superior, tendo como questão norteadora: o que os docentes compreendem por prática pedagógica inovadora no ensino superior? Empregou-se um estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com 206 docentes da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. A análise dos dados baseou-se na técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Observou-se que nesta instituição há um caminho traçado para inovação pedagógica no ensino superior, que precisa ser fortalecido e sempre discutido, por todos os que participam do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, acreditando na continuidade e na permanente inovação.