bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-objective optimisation for minimum quantity lubrication assisted milling process based on hybrid response surface methodology and multi-objective genetic algorithm
Authors: Mumtaz Jabir , Li Zhang , Imran Muhammad , Yue Lei , Jahanzaib Mirza , Sarfraz Shoaib , Shehab Essam , Ismail Sikiru Oluwarotimi , Afzal Kaynat
Published: April 2019

Parametric modelling and optimisation play an important role in choosing the best or optimal cutting conditions and parameters during machining to achieve the desirable results. However, analysis of optimisation of minimum quantity lubrication–assisted milling process has not been addressed in detail. Minimum quantity lubrication method is very effective for cost reduction and promotes green machining. Hence, this article focuses on minimum quantity lubrication–assisted milling machining parameters on AISI 1045 material surface roughness and power consumption. A novel low-cost power measurement system is developed to measure the power consumption. A predictive mathematical model is developed for surface roughness and power consumption. The effects of minimum quantity lubrication and machining parameters are examined to determine the optimum conditions with minimum surface roughness and minimum power consumption. Empirical models are developed to predict surface roughness and power of machine tool effectively and accurately using response surface methodology and multi-objective optimisation genetic algorithm. Comparison of results obtained from response surface methodology and multi-objective optimisation genetic algorithm depict that both measured and predicted values have a close agreement. This model could be helpful to select the best combination of end-milling machining parameters to save power consumption and time, consequently, increasing both productivity and profitability.
Optimization of process parameters to improve dimensional accuracy of investment casting using Taguchi approach
Authors: Bansode Sangita N , Phalle Vikas M , Mantha Shankar S
Published: April 2019

In this study, Taguchi method is used to investigate the effect of critical process parameters of investment casting on dimensional variations of thin walled, complex geometrical stainless steel component. A set of experiments have been conducted to calculate shrinkages which is a measure of dimensional variation. The process parameters considered here are number of ceramic coats, pouring time, pouring temperature, and casting cooling rate. The signal-to-noise ratio and analysis of variance are used to study the influence of these parameters on shrinkage. Optimized condition for reduced shrinkage deviation can be obtained by selecting lower number of ceramic coats, faster and laminar metal pouring, lower superheated metal temperature, and faster cooling rate. Analysis of variance reports that the number of ceramic coats is the most significant parameter with more than 80% contribution whereas other parameters are insignificant. Investigation results also indicate that constraint dimension (width) has 25%–27% higher dimensional variability than non-constraint dimensions (height) for the selected component.
A dynamic variety model to describe the traffic flow of target lane affected by lane change on urban road
Authors: Deng Shejun , Zhong Yuyi , Wang Haizhong , Ye Xiaofei , Chen Jun
Published: April 2019

In order to discover the variation of the traffic flow caused by lane change, the article analyzes the minimum safety distance and the lane change time between the lane change vehicle and the vehicles of the target lane based on the theory of vehicle lane change model and Bureau of Public Roads model. The influence time of lane change is determined by choosing two adjacent lanes as the research object according to the minimum safety distance of three kinds of combination. A model to describe the affected speed on lane 2 was established when the vehicle changed lane from 3 to 2 based on the measured data. The research results show that the speed of the target lane affected by the lane change is closely related to the volume of the adjacent two lanes and the acceleration of lane change vehicle. Then, while the more small acceleration of the lane change vehicle was, it would be more big variation traffic speed of the target lane. Finally, when the acceleration of the lane change is between 0.1 and 2.0 m/s2, the influence is more serious than others.
Experimental study of the wheeled capsule motion inside hydraulic pipeline
Authors: Li Yongye , Sun Xihuan , Zhang Xuelan
Published: April 2019

The wheeled capsule hydraulic transportation is a new technique for transporting materials. In this technique, the wheeled capsule, which is designed to contain materials, is one of the core components. In this study, a new type of wheeled capsule structure was first designed, and then experiments were conducted at seven water discharges, eight wheeled capsule dimensions, and eight mass of transporting materials in the pipe with an inner diameter of 100 mm. The pipe in study was divided into nine parts, and the speed of the wheeled capsule in each pipeline section was analyzed. The results showed that the speeds of the wheeled capsules in different sections of the pipeline did not change significantly and basically fluctuate near the overall average speed and the maximum relative fluctuation value was ⩽ 8.6%. Therefore, the overall average speed of the wheeled capsule can be used to analyze the motion characteristics of the wheeled capsule. The average speed of the wheeled capsule increased with increasing water discharge, diminished with increasing mass of transporting materials, increased with increasing length of the wheeled capsule, and increased with increasing diameter of the wheeled capsule. The empirical formula of the average speed of the wheeled capsule with different water discharges, wheeled capsule dimensions and mass of transporting materials was obtained by the nonlinear regression method and can be expressed as [Formula: see text] . The empirical formula was experimentally validated. The maximum relative error did not exceed 7.05%, proving that the empirical formula of the average speed of the wheeled capsule was rational. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for designing the structure of the wheeled capsule.
Subjunctive nostalgia of postmemorial art: Remediated family archives in the Iranian diaspora
Authors: Malek Amy
Published: April 2019

Family archives have become the source of nostalgic 1.5 and second-generation diasporic cultural work as artists seeking to understand their family histories and to negotiate liminal identities remediate private home movies, photos, and postmemorial narratives. The liminal position of these artists leads to imaginative remediations that dwell in what could have been, prompting a subjunctive nostalgia for a future past cut short by revolution and war. By focusing on the online circulation of remediated pre-Revolutionary Iranian family photos and home movies, I demonstrate that digitized images of this particular time-space (the chronotope of pre-Revolution Iran) have become an evocative site of memory for the Iranian diasporic postgeneration. When these images are remediated through art and circulated digitally online, they move horizontally across the postgeneration along with the subjunctive nostalgia they prompt, creating opportunities for affiliation and recognition that contribute to diasporic collective memory.
Metabolic lipid muscle disorders: biomarkers and treatment
Authors: Angelini Corrado , Pennisi Elena , Missaglia Sara , Tavian Daniela
Published: April 2019

Lipid storage myopathies (LSMs) are metabolic disorders of the utilization of fat in muscles due to several different defects. In this review, a molecular update of LSMs is presented and recent attempts of finding treatment options are discussed.

The main topics discussed are: primary carnitine deficiency, riboflavin-responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, neutral lipid storage disorders and carnitine palmitoyl transferase deficiency. The most frequent presentations and genetic abnormalities are summarized. We present their diagnosis utilizing biomedical and morphological biomarkers and possible therapeutic interventions. The treatment of these metabolic disorders is a subject of active translational research but appears, in some cases, still elusive.
Nest size variability and interspecific nest reuse in Little Crake
Authors: Jedlikowski Jan , Polak Marcin
Published: April 2019

In this study, we describe the nest size characteristics and the breeding attempt of Little Crake ( Zapornia parva) in the abandoned nest of Common Coot ( Fulica atra) at the small mid-field pond in the Masurian Lake District, northeast Poland. Based on the 6-year study during five breeding seasons, we found 123 nests of Little Crake, but such an instance was observed only once. To the best of our knowledge, this observation is the first record of the use of the same nest by two species of rallids. We discuss what could force crakes to make such a decision, why this breeding attempt failed and why such instances are so rare in marsh-nesting species. The nest size in mid-field ponds localized in northern Poland was slightly smaller than that recorded in fishponds in the Czech Republic, but larger than the records obtained in lakes in Germany and Russia.
Measuring Reading Self-Perceptions and Enjoyment: Development and Psychometric Properties of the Reading and Me Survey
Authors: Adelson Jill L. , Cash Kathleen M. , Pittard Caroline M. , Sherretz Christine E. , Pössel Patrick , Blackburn Allison D.
Published: April 2019

The Reading and Me Survey (R&MS) measures reading self-perceptions and enjoyment of reading of intermediate elementary students and parallels the Math & Me Survey (M&MS). We examined its psychometric properties through content validation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and reliability and external validity analyses. Validity evidence was collected from 777 third through fifth graders from two rural and two urban school districts. Scores on the scales (Reading Self-Perceptions, 13 items; Enjoyment of Reading, nine items) exhibited strong internal consistency, and model fit was good. Using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), we examined the relations among reading self-perceptions, and enjoyment, mathematics self-perceptions and enjoyment, and teacher ratings of reading and mathematics ability levels, with results demonstrating patterns of discriminant and, convergent validity. Because of its developmentally appropriate vocabulary, its applicability across contexts, its brevity, its parallel format to the M&MS, and its established psychometric properties, the R&MS has potential to be a useful tool for researchers and educators.
Measuring Interpersonal Visual Relationships in Healthcare Facilities: The Agent Visibility Model and SAVisualPower Tool
Authors: Lim Lisa , Kim Minseok , Zimring Craig M.
Published: April 2019

Visibility has a significant impact on health-related outcomes and experiences of users in healthcare settings. Built environments determine interpersonal visual relationships between users and control their ability to see (or be seen by) others. Despite this importance, metrics that fully and precisely describe these interpersonal visual relationships are lacking. In this article, we introduce the Agent Visibility Analysis Model and the SAVisualPower software, which enable person-centric visibility analysis for quantifying visual relationships both among users and between users and visual targets. The model precisely captures users’ visibility by reflecting the orientation of users and by differentiating visual contents of the users—space, other users, and targets. By providing practical examples of the new model using layouts from previous studies, this article describes specific visibility metrics that can be analyzed by the new tool and how the tool can be applied to design and research in healthcare settings for improved user experiences.
Revision of Syndesmosis Screw Fixation
Authors: Bafna Kunaal R. , Jordan Richard , Yatsonsky David , Dick Steven , Liu Jiayong , Ebraheim Nabil A.
Published: April 2019

Background: Many syndesmosis screw fixations do not achieve success at the first attempt. Currently, there are no data available to evaluate revision of syndesmosis screw failure. Methods: A total of 160 consecutive patients who underwent syndesmosis screw fixation from 2014 to 2016 were reviewed. The current study focuses on 13 of 160 patients who underwent revision surgery and analyzes reasons, methods, and outcomes of syndesmotic screw revisions. Results: Thirteen out of 160 patients had revision surgeries. Incidence of recurrent diastasis was 92.3%. Seven out of 19 screws had broken. Two patients had screw loosening, 9 patients underwent early weightbearing, 1 patient developed osteomyelitis, 1 patient developed osteoarthritis, and 1 patient had fibular nonunion. Eleven patients underwent removal, 3 patients underwent clamp reduction, and 4 patients underwent fibular osteotomy. Six patients experienced good reduction with 0/10 pain, 3 patients experienced good reduction with some pain, 1 patient experienced poor reduction; 1 patient developed osteomyelitis and subsequent 7/10 pain; 1 patient underwent fusion with 5/10 pain, and 1 patient experienced medial malleolar mal-union with 3/10 pain. Conclusion: It was found that the main reason for syndesmosis revision was reoccurring diastasis. Most patients ultimately experienced good reduction and were able to ambulate, despite some residual pain.

Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Case series
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist Addition to H1-Antihistamine Is Effective for Treating Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Seresirikachorn Kachorn , Chitsuthipakorn Wirach , Kanjanawasee Dichapong , Khattiyawittayakun Likhit , Snidvongs Kornkiat
Published: April 2019

Background

Histamine and leukotriene are released after being triggered by allergen exposure. The combination of leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) and H1-antihistamine (AH) is utilized to control the allergic rhinitis (AR) symptoms after the failure of either AH or LTRA.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the combination of H1-antihistamine and leukotriene receptor antagonist (AH-LTRA) in patients with AR.

Methods

Randomized controlled trials studying the effects of AH-LTRA versus AH alone on rhinoconjuncitivits symptoms in patients with AR were included. Data were pooled for meta-analysis. The outcomes were nasal symptoms, ocular symptoms, disease-specific quality of life, and adverse events. Meta-analyses were performed to compare the outcomes between AH-LTRA and AH. Subgroup analyses by AR subtype, asthma, and pediatric patients were performed.

Results

Fourteen studies (3271 participants) met the inclusion criteria. The results favored the effects of AH-LTRA on (1) composite nasal symptom score (standardized mean difference [SMD]: −0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.36, −0.03), (2) rhinorrhea (SMD: −0.14; 95% CI: −0.27, −0.02), and (3) sneezing (SMD: −0.15; 95% CI: −0.27, −0.02). Subgroup analyses revealed that results favored the effects of AH-LTRA for perennial AR (SMD: −0.57; 95% CI: −0.87, −0.26) but not in the seasonal AR subgroup (SMD: −0.09; 95% CI: −0.21, 0.04), P = .004. There were no differences between AH-LTRA and AH on nasal obstruction, itching, ocular symptoms, Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of life Questionnaire and adverse events. Due to limited number of included studies, effects on asthma and pediatric subgroups could not be assessed.

Conclusion

For controlling rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms in patients with AR, AH-LTRA provided greater beneficial effects on composite nasal symptoms, rhinorrhea, and sneezing compared to AH alone. These effects were shown in patients with perennial AR.
The role of pembrolizumab in relapsed/refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Tomassetti Sarah , Chen Robert , Dandapani Savita
Published: April 2019

Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is a subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). PMBCL comprises approximately 10% of DLBCLs, thus making it a rare variant of DLBCL. Cure rates for PMBCL with upfront regimens like DA-REPOCH exceed 90%. However, if there is a poor response to this first-line therapy, relapsed/refractory PMBCL (rrPMBCL) has limited treatment options. The historic trend is to treat rrPMBCL with salvage regimens commonly used for DLBCL followed by high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplant (HDT-ASCT); however, response rates to salvage therapy remain low and few patients are able to proceed to transplant. An interesting feature of PMBCL is that even though it is classified as a subtype of DLBCL, PMBCL actually shares many clinical, pathologic, and genetic features with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). For example, both frequently express program death ligand 1 and 2 (PD-L1/2), which is not seen in other mature B-cell lymphomas. The expression of PD-L1/2 in PMBCL makes PDL1 inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab, an attractive therapeutic target. Pembrolizumab is an effective and well-tolerated therapy now approved for a number of cancer types from advanced melanoma to relapsed/refractory cHL. There are now multi-institutional trials underway assessing the role of pembrolizumab in the treatment of rrPMBCL.
Incremental value of high-frequency QRS analysis for diagnosis and prognosis in suspected exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia
Authors: Schaerli Nicolas , Abächerli Roger , Walter Joan , Honegger Ursina , Puelacher Christian , Rinderknecht Therese , Müller Deborah , Boeddinghaus Jasper , Nestelberger Thomas , Strebel Ivo , Badertscher Patrick , du Fay de Lavallaz Jeanne , Twerenbold Raphael , Wussler Desiree , Hofer Johanna , Leber Remo , Kaiser Christoph , Osswald Stefan , Wild Damian , Zellweger Michael J , Mueller Christian , Reichlin Tobias
Published: April 2019

Aim:

Exercise stress testing is used to detect myocardial ischaemia, but is limited by low sensitivity and specificity. The authors investigated the value of the analysis of high-frequency QRS components as a marker of abnormal depolarization in addition to standard ST-deviations as a marker of abnormal repolarization to improve the diagnostic accuracy.

Methods and results:

Consecutive patients undergoing bicycle exercise stress nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging were prospectively enrolled. Presence of myocardial ischaemia, the primary diagnostic endpoint, was adjudicated using MPI and coronary angiography. Automated high-frequency QRS analysis was performed in a blinded fashion. The prognostic endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) during two years of follow-up. Exercise-induced ischaemia was detected in 147/662 patients (22%). The sensitivity of high-frequency QRS was similar to ST-deviations (46% vs. 43%, p=0.59), while the specificity was lower (75% vs. 87%, p<0.001). The combined use of high-frequency QRS and ST-deviations classified 59% of patients as ‘rule-out’ (both negative), 9% as ‘rule-in’ (both positive) and 32% in an intermediate zone (one test positive). The sensitivity for ‘rule-out’ and the specificity for ‘rule-in’ improved to 63% and 97% compared with ST-deviation analysis alone (both p<0.001). MACE-free survival was 90%, 80% and 42% in patients in the ‘rule-out’, intermediate and ‘rule-in’ groups (p<0.001). After adjustment for age, gender, ST-deviations and clinical post-test probability of ischaemia, high-frequency QRS remained an independent predictor for the occurrence of MACEs.

Conclusion:

The use of high-frequency QRS analysis in addition to ST-deviation analysis improves the diagnostic accuracy during exercise stress testing and adds independent prognostic information.
Sex and gender differences in polypharmacy in persons with dementia: A scoping review
Authors: Trenaman Shanna C , Rideout Megan , Andrew Melissa K
Published: April 2019

Purpose:

To date, research studies in most disciplines have not made sex-based analysis a priority despite increasing evidence of its importance. We now understand that both sex and gender impact medication prescribing, use, and effect. This is particularly true for older adults with dementia who have alterations in drug metabolism, drug response, and the permeability of the blood–brain barrier. To better understand the influence of sex and gender on drug use in older adults with dementia, we conducted a scoping review.

Methods:

This scoping review systematically searched the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and ProQuest databases to find published reports on polypharmacy in populations of older adults with dementia that included a sex- or gender-based analysis.

Results:

A total of 12 published reports were identified. Findings were cohort studies and case-control trials that commented on sex-related differences in medication use as a secondary analysis to the studies’ primary objective. These studies showed that community-dwelling women received more potentially inappropriate medications and more psychotropic medications, while nursing home dwelling men received more potentially inappropriate medications, cholinesterase inhibitors, and antipsychotics. None of the identified studies explicitly examined gender-related differences in medication use.

Conclusion:

This scoping review supports that there is inadequate understanding of both sex and gender differences in drug use in older men and women with dementia. To tailor medication-specific interventions to improve drug therapy for older adults with dementia, it is important that future work includes sex- or gender-based analysis of drug use.
Struggling between a sense of belonging and a sense of alienation: Residents' experiences of living in a residential care facility for older people in Sweden
Authors: Ericson-Lidman Eva
Published: April 2019

Living in residential care facilities for older people is described in both positive and negative terms. To maintain care quality of a vulnerable group in a constantly changing care context, it is important to continually describe their experiences. This qualitative study aims to describe residents’ experiences of living in a residential care facility for older people in Sweden. Six residents were interviewed and the interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in nine sub-categories, two categories and one overall theme. Living in a residential care facility for older people is revealed as ‘Struggling between a sense of belonging and a sense of alienation’. It is of great importance for care providers to explore and try to understand what individuals perceive as factors for feelings of belonging, thereby preventing alienation.
Surgical Rescue After Failed Percutaneous Closure of an Aorto-Atrial Tunnel
Authors: Caldaroni Federica , Lo Rito Mauro , Saracino Antonio , Varrica Alessandro , Giugno Luca , Giamberti Alessandro , Frigiola Alessandro
Published: April 2019

Congenital sinus of Valsalva aneurysm is a rare disorder, mostly involving the right and noncoronary sinuses, in which intracardiac rupture is more likely foreseen into the right chambers. Because of the unfavorable prognosis, which includes heart failure and sudden death, detection itself is an indication for treatment, which may be performed either surgically or percutaneously. We present a case of a four-year-old patient with aorto-right atrial tunnel, in which a transcatheter attempt of closure was performed, complicated by new onset of aortic valve regurgitation, requiring surgical intervention.
Improving Stage of Change in an Employee Wellness Program
Authors: Miller Alissa S. , Ailey Sarah H. , Buchholz Susan Weber , Fogg Louis , Ingram Diana
Published: April 2019

Physical activity readiness of front-line employees caring for adults with disabilities ( N = 381) improved during a two-phase project based on stages of change (SOC) theory. In Phase 1, we assessed barriers to, and readiness for, participation in an employee wellness program. We collected data from workers using focus groups and a preintervention physical activity readiness survey. Focus groups ( N = 14) identified barriers, including lack of communication about the employee wellness program. With respect to their SOC ( N = 82), 7% were in precontemplation, 16% in contemplation, 52% preparation, 5% in action, and 20% in maintenance SOC. In Phase 2, we aimed to improve readiness for participation in the program. We used SOC-based employee Facebook group messages, a health education fair, and measurement through a postintervention physical activity readiness survey. The mean number of “views” in which the workers saw the 16 theory-based messages was 12.2 (range = 0-27). Fourteen adults and 17 children attended the fair. Postintervention survey results ( N = 125) indicated physical activity readiness improvement with 1% in precontemplation, 21% in contemplation, 33% in preparation, 33% in action, and 12% in maintenance SOC.
Promoter Ownership, Related Party Transactions and Firm Performance: A Study Among Selected Companies in India
Authors: P C Abdul Rasheed , Mallikarjunappa T. , Thomachan K.T.
Published: April 2019

Related party transactions (RPTs) either bring efficiency in transaction or result in conflict of interest between majority and minority shareholders. RPTs realize efficiency in transactions by reducing the transaction cost and facilitating smooth transfer of goods and services between parties. Conflict of interest may arise if the majority shareholders use RPTs as a tool for expropriating the wealth of minority shareholders. When RPTs are in line with efficiency enhancing theory, they help to improve firm performance; and when they are the results of opportunistic behaviour of the majority shareholders, they negatively affect the performance of firm. Since most companies in India engage in various kinds of business dealings with their related parties, it is relevant to analyse RPTs in India. The study based on 2002 firms listed in BSE for the period of 2011–2017 shows that RPTs positively affect firm performance. Considering various types of RPTs, total revenue income from related parties and revenue expenses by them positively affect firm performance. Also, the results underline that promoters’ holding does not have any interaction effects on the association between RPTs and firm performance.
Attitudes towards Oral Health in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Qualitative Study Nested within a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Serban S. , Dietrich T. , Lopez-Oliva I. , de Pablo P. , Raza K. , Filer A. , Chapple I.L.C. , Hill K.
Published: April 2019

Introduction:

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) present a higher incidence and severity of periodontitis than the general population. Our study, Outcomes of Periodontal Treatment in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (OPERA), was a randomized waiting-list controlled trial using mixed methods. Patients randomized to the intervention arm received intensive periodontal treatment, and those in the control arm received the same treatment with a 6-mo delay.

Aim:

The nested qualitative component aimed to explore patients’ experiences and priorities concerning oral health and barriers and facilitators for trial participation.

Methods:

Using purposive sampling until thematic saturation was reached, we conducted 21 one-to-one semistructured interviews with randomized patients in either of the 2 treatment arms as well as with patients who did not consent for trial participation.

Results:

The patients described their experiences about RA, oral health, and study participation. Previous experiences with dental care professionals shaped patients’ current perceptions about oral health and the place of oral health on their list of priorities compared with other conditions. Patients also highlighted some of the barriers and facilitators for study participation and for compliance with oral health maintenance. The patients, in the control arm, presented their views regarding the acceptable length of waiting time for the intervention.

Conclusion:

The associations between periodontal and systemic health are increasingly recognized by the literature. Our study provided an insight into RA patients’ experiences and perceptions about oral health. It also highlighted some of the barriers and facilitators for participating in a periodontal interventional study for this group. We hope that our findings will support the design of larger interventional periodontal studies in patients with RA. The complex challenges faced by the burden of RA and the associated multimorbidities in this patient group might highlight opportunities to improve access to oral health services in this patient population.

Knowledge Transfer Statement:

This article provided insights into the experiences and perceptions of rheumatoid arthritis patients about their oral health to improve patient participation in a definitive clinical trial.
Association between Medical Well-Child Visits and Dental Preventive Visits: A Big Data Report
Authors: Tiwari T. , Rai N. , Brow A. , Tranby E.P. , Boynes S.G.
Published: April 2019

Objective:

This study evaluated the impact of well-child visits (WCVs) on promoting preventive visits to the dentist. Effects by age, race, gender, and dental diagnosis were investigated.

Methods:

Administrative claims data for 1.85 million Medicaid-enrolled children aged 4 or less in 13 states in 2013 were identified from the Truven MarketScan Medicaid Database. A cohort for all children who had a WCV in 2013 was generated and followed for 365 d to identify the date of closest preventive dental visit.

Results:

The cohort included 1,308,719 Medicaid-enrolled children with a WCV in 2013. Three percent of children under the age of 1 with a WCV had an oral health assessment within 1 y compared to only 0.4% of all Medicaid-enrolled children in that age group. Similar patterns were seen in all age groups: age 1 (13% vs. 9%), age 2 (32% vs. 23%), age 3 (50% vs. 37%), and age 4 (59% vs. 48%). On average, about 1.4% of children received an oral health assessment during their WCV, and another 0.6% were diagnosed with a dental condition. These children had a higher proportion of visits to the dentist for a preventive visit after a WCV. Children of all races (White, Hispanic, and Black) with a prior WCV had higher preventive dental compared to total enrolled. However, Hispanic children with a WCV reported the highest preventive dental visits within 1 y (White 24%, Black 29%, and Hispanic 46%). Furthermore, Hispanic children visited the dentist earlier than White and Black children; 16.9% of Hispanic children visited the dentist within 90 d of the WCV compared to 8.5% of White and 10% of Black children.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrated increased utilization of dental preventive visits for the children who received a well-child visit.

Knowledge Transfer Statement:

Results of this study indicate a higher number of preventive dental visits for children with prior WCV. Clinical implications of this study would be to continually increase and promote the inclusion of oral health within primary care. This can increase the likelihood of preventative dental visits and, ultimately, better dental health in children.
Emerging Economies: Institutions and Entrepreneurship in the People’s Republic of China
Authors: Wei Bingling , Ye Di , Wei Jinghong
Published: April 2019

This study posits an important relationship between institutions and entrepreneurships: institutions have a significant impact on entrepreneurships, yet entrepreneurships have a limited impact on institutions. The first proposition of governance theory asserts that institutions are needed for running entrepreneurship effectively, and this study argues that governance is based on the interrelationships of actors and institutions. The second proposition asserts that both governments and institutions have responsibilities; likewise, this article argues that institutions and entrepreneurships have certain responsibilities for resolving societal and economic problems, although the primary responsibility lies with institutions. The third proposition asserts that collective action exists in conjunction with power struggles between governments and institutions, leading to the argument in this article that although some collective action between institutions is caused by institutional power struggles, entrepreneurships contribute to this power struggle through the requirement of reporting to varying institutions. The fourth proposition asserts that governance relies on self-government of certain actors (but not all), which is supported by the argument in this study that while some entrepreneurships are self-governing, others need more guidance by institutions. This suggests that some entrepreneurships have greater oversight by institutions, which may lead to additional benefits for those entrepreneurships. The final proposition asserts that institutions need to be able to act independently, and this study argues that although there is a high degree of dependence between institutions and entrepreneurships, it is expected that entrepreneurships can complete certain activities without institutional oversight.
Measuring the size of a crowd using Instagram
Authors: Botta Federico , Moat Helen Susannah , Preis Tobias
Published: April 2019

Measuring the size of a crowd in a specific location can be of crucial importance for crowd management, in particular in emergency situations. Here, using two football stadiums as case studies, we present evidence that data generated through interactions with the social media platform Instagram can be used to generate estimates of the size of a crowd. We present a detailed analysis of the impact of varying the time period and spatial area considered for the collection of Instagram data. Crucially, we demonstrate how to address issues that arise from changes in the usage of a social media platform such as Instagram. Our findings show how social media datasets carrying location-based information may help provide near to real-time measurements of the size of a crowd.
Toward identifying the critical mass in spatial two-sided markets
Authors: Navidi Zahra , Nagel Kai , Winter Stephan
Published: April 2019

Unlike their nonspatial counterparts, spatial multi-sided platforms are matchmaking platforms with an additional layer of complexity: their customers expect to meet in space, not only virtually. This additional challenge will be studied in this paper in the context of a two-sided ride-sharing platform, which serves drivers and passengers. As with any two-sided platform, there is an interdependence between both groups of customers: More drivers are more attractive for passengers, and vice versa. This interdependence creates the old chicken-and-egg problem, only that here drivers and passengers need to be matched not for a virtual transaction, but by their ability to meet physically and travel jointly. We argue, and illustrate by simulations, that in spatial multi-sided markets there is not a single critical mass frontier that needs to be reached in order to make the system self-sustained (as in nonspatial markets), and that this frontier is varying from one location to the next, depending on the density and distribution of the demand and supply over space and time. Identification of the critical mass frontier will allow for better evaluation of implementation policies and regulations.
Sairee Chahal: For She’s a Jolly Good SHERO!
Authors: David Sonali A.
Published: April 2019

Sairee Chahal is a serial entrepreneur and the founder of SHEROES. She has innovated pathways to build a favourable work ecosystem for women in India, relying heavily on technology to solve the problems of gender disparities in the workforce. SHEROES is a globally formidable platform, changing the game for women and their aspirations. Over a million women have directly benefitted. In this interview, Sairee speaks to Sonali David about SHEROES and the importance of technology in opening the workspace for women.
Rolling Into the Profession: Exploring the Motivation and Experience of Becoming a Project Manager
Authors: Havermans Liselore , Van der Heijden Beatrice I. J. M. , Savelsbergh Chantal , Storm Peter
Published: April 2019

The number of people who, at a certain point during their career, assume responsibilities as a project manager is increasing every year. Yet, we know little about the reasons why people want to become project managers, how they become project managers, and the ways in which they perceive their job once they have become project managers. In the current qualitative study, we conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews, using a multisource approach, from the perspectives of both project managers ( n = 31) and direct supervisors of project managers ( n = 21) from the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Our results indicate that project managers tend to be drawn into the field by their enterprising interests, and mainly “roll into their profession” knowing little about possible career paths, and experience multiple positive and negative aspects of their jobs. Reflections on the outcomes are discussed, and practical implications for individuals considering a career in project management and their working organizations are given.
Isomerization of limonene over natural zeolite-clinoptilolite
Authors: Retajczyk Monika , Wróblewska Agnieszka , Szymańska Alicja , Michalkiewicz Beata
Published: April 2019

The isomerization of limonene over natural the zeolite, clinoptilolite, was studied. The main products of limonene isomerization were terpinolene, α-terpinene, γ-terpinene and p-cymene. These products have numerous applications in the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries. The main parameters affecting limonene isomerization were reaction time, temperature and catalyst content. These parameters varied within the following ranges: reaction time 15–1440 min; temperature 155–175°C; and catalyst content 5–15 wt.%. Terpinolene was obtained after reaction for 60 min at 175°C using 10 wt.% catalyst. p-Cymene was produced using similar conditions as for terpinolene except for a longer reaction time of 1440 min. The use of optimum experimental conditions allowed the greatest amounts of the desired products to be obtained in the shortest time.
IGF1R as druggable target mediating PI3K-δ inhibitor resistance in a murine model of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Scheffold Annika , Jebaraj Billy Michael Chelliah , Tausch Eugen , Bloehdorn Johannes , Ghia Paolo , Yahiaoui Anella , Dolnik Anna , Blätte Tamara Jacqueline , Bullinger Lars , Dheenadayalan Rashmi Priyadharshini , Li Li , Schneider Christof , Chen Shih-Shih , Chiorazzi Nicholas , Dietrich Sascha , Seiffert Martina , Tannheimer Stacey , Döhner Hartmut , Mertens Daniel , Stilgenbauer Stephan
Published: April 2019

Targeted therapy is revolutionizing the treatment of cancers, but resistance evolves against these therapies and derogates their success. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta (PI3K-δ) inhibitor idelalisib has been approved for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, but the mechanisms conferring resistance in a subset of patients are unknown. Here, we modeled resistance to PI3K-δ inhibitor in vivo using a serial tumor transfer and treatment scheme in mice. Whole-exome sequencing did not identify any recurrent mutation explaining resistance to PI3K-δ inhibitor. In the murine model, resistance to PI3K-δ inhibitor occurred as a result of a signaling switch mediated by consistent and functionally relevant activation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), resulting in enhanced MAPK signaling in the resistant tumors. Overexpression of IGF1R in vitro demonstrated its prominent role in PI3K-δ inhibitor resistance. IGF1R upregulation in PI3K-δ inhibitor–resistant tumors was mediated by functional activation and enhanced nuclear localization of forkhead box protein O1 transcription factors and glycogen synthase kinase 3β. In human CLL, high IGF1R expression was associated with trisomy 12. CLL cells from an idelalisib-treated patient showed decreased sensitivity to idelalisib in vitro concomitant with enhanced MAPK signaling and strong upregulation of IGF1R upon idelalisib exposure. Thus, our results highlight that alternative signaling cascades play a predominant role in the resistance and survival of cancer cells under PI3K-δ inhibition. We also demonstrate that these pathway alterations can serve as therapeutic targets, because inhibition of IGF1R offered efficacious salvage treatment of PI3K-δ inhibitor–resistant tumors in vitro and in vivo.
Role of urine immunofixation in the complete response assessment of MM patients other than light-chain-only disease
Authors: Lahuerta Juan-José , Jiménez-Ubieto Ana , Paiva Bruno , Martínez-López Joaquín , González-Medina José , López-Anglada Lucía , Cedena María-Teresa , Puig Noemi , Oriol Albert , Blanchard María-Jesús , Ríos Rafael , Martin Jesús , Martínez Rafael , Sureda Anna , Hernández Miguel Teodoro , de la Rubia Javier , Krsnik Isabel , Cabañas Valentín , Palomera Luis , Bargay Joan , Mateos María-Victoria , Rosiñol Laura , San Miguel Jesús F. , Blade Joan
Published: April 2019

Response criteria for multiple myeloma (MM) require monoclonal protein (M-protein)–negative status on both serum immunofixation electrophoresis (sIFE) and urine (uIFE) immunofixation electrophoresis for classification of complete response (CR). However, uIFE is not always performed for sIFE-negative patients. We analyzed M-protein evaluations from 384 MM patients (excluding those with light-chain-only disease) treated in the GEM2012MENOS65 (NCT01916252) trial to determine the uIFE-positive rate in patients who became sIFE-negative posttreatment and evaluate rates of minimal residual disease (MRD)–negative status and progression-free survival (PFS) among patients achieving CR, CR but without uIFE available (uncertain CR; uCR), or very good partial response (VGPR). Among 107 patients with M-protein exclusively in serum at diagnosis who became sIFE-negative posttreatment and who had uIFE available, the uIFE-positive rate was 0%. Among 161 patients with M-protein in both serum and urine at diagnosis who became sIFE-negative posttreatment, 3 (1.8%) were uIFE positive. Among patients achieving CR vs uCR, there were no significant differences in postconsolidation MRD-negative (<10−6; 76% vs 75%; P = .9) and 2-year PFS (85% vs 88%; P = .4) rates; rates were significantly lower among patients achieving VGPR. Our results suggest that uIFE is not necessary for defining CR in MM patients other than those with light-chain-only disease.
Relative Privacy Valuations Under Varying Disclosure Characteristics
Authors: Buckman Joseph R. , Bockstedt Jesse C. , Hashim Matthew J.
Published: April 2019

We investigate changes to the value that individuals place on the online disclosure of their private information in the presence of multiple privacy factors. We capture individuals’ willingness-to-accept for a privacy disclosure in a series of randomized experiments that manipulate characteristics of a required privacy disclosure by altering the information context, the intended secondary use of the disclosed private information, and the requirement to disclose personally identifying information. We collect data from two populations (college students and Amazon Mechanical Turk workers) to aid with generalizability of our results. Across the experiments, we consistently observe null effects for each of the privacy factors. The results provide a unique perspective on privacy valuations by showing that results from prior research on simple privacy decisions may not translate to more realistic, complex privacy disclosure decisions that involve multiple factors. Our findings suggest that disclosing private information may be an all or nothing type of decision as opposed to an activation of individual factors proposed by prior literature as important in a multidimension private information disclosure. This study provides managerial insight into the possible evolution of online disclosure decisions, especially in settings that incorporate multiple disclosure dimensions.
Research Roundup
Authors: Costello John
Published: April 2019

John Costello provides a synopsis and brief review of a selection of recently published research articles of interest to neuroscience nurses, highlighting the key points to keep you up to date. A full reference is provided for those who wish to read the research in more detail.
Cardiovascular Disease and Depression/Anxiety, Two Complication of Menopause Status
Authors: Darroudi Susan , Darroudi Susan , Saberi-Karimian Maryam , Saberi-Karimian Maryam , Sadabadi Fatemeh , Tayefi Maryam , Tayefi Batool , Asadi Zahra , Sahranavard Toktam , Sabour Sajjad , Kermanshahi Farnoush , Bahadory Effat , Ferns Gordon A. , Esmaily Habibollah , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid
Published: April 2019

Objective
Postmenopausal women are at an increased risk of Cardiovascular Disease. We aimed to investigate whether this risk differed between individuals with a naturally occurring and other reasons for menopause within a large population-based Iranian sample.

Study Design
A total number of 1763 postmenopausal women (defined by amenorrhea for more than a year, or FSH > 30-40 mIU/ml), 900 of them with a natural menopause and 863 of them with other reasons for menopause caused by (hysterectomy without oophorectomy or one side oophorectomy, hysterectomy with oophorectomy or two side oophorectomy without hysterectomy) were recruited as part of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorders (MASHAD) cohort study. Biochemical and hematological risk factors were measured in all the subjects and the data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20

Results
There was a significant difference in the presence of cardiovascular disease in the natural menopause group compared with other reasons for menopause group (p<0.05). There was also a meaningful difference between the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the natural menopause individuals compared with other reasons for menopause group (p<0.05).

Discussion
High prevalence of CVD, depression and anxiety in other reasons in menopause women were observed among Mashhad urban females. It should be considered as a noticeable message. Furthermore, studies are necessary to determine different parameters between evaluating CVD, depression and anxiety among menopauses women.