bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Digital Map based on Hand Gesture as a Preservation of West Java History Sites for Elementary School
Authors: Padmasari Ayung Candra , Wahyuningsih Yona , Rostika Deti
Published: November 2019

Social science study of historical content at present does not seem to be directly proportional to the development of the industrial revolution 4.0. it is because of rote learning styles, text-based, teacher-centered teaching methods without technologicalaided modifications. With these problems, it is necessary to have design innovations and media for learning models, one of them is to design a hand gesture-based map equipped with a leap motion controller. This study aims to design a digital hand gesture-based map design as the preservation of West Java historical sites for elementary school children. The method used in the study is Design and Development (D&D). The results of this study are the design of an interactive map as a teaching media innovation and the configuration response of the tool with the results of 13 ms / FPS 33 ms / 60 FPS tap gesture responses.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SERVIS BACKHAND UNTUK PESERTA EKSTRAKURIKULER TENIS MEJA DI SDN 01 LUMUTAN KABUPATEN BONDOWOSO
Authors: Yudianto Muchammad Ifan , Winarno Mashuri Eko , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT: Backhand service is one of the basic techniques in table tennis. This study was conducted with the aim to develop a Backhand Service learning model in the form of a manual for extracurricular table tennis participants in SDN 01 Lumutan Bondowoso District. The instrument used in the form of a questionnaire using descriptive analysis technique and percentage. The resulting product development is a guidebook model of service backhand learning It is expected that in the development of this research towards further research subjects are expected to be more widespread Keywords: developing, learning model, service backhand, table tennis ABSTRAK: Servis Backhand merupakan salah satu teknik dasar dalam tenis meja. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran Servis Backhand berupa buku panduan untuk peserta ekstrakurikuler tenis meja di SDN 01 Lumutan Kabupaten Bondowoso. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa angket menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif dan persentase. Produk pengembangan yang dihasilkan adalah buku panduan model pembelajaran servis backhand Diharapkan dalam pengembangan penelitian ini menuju kearah lebih lanjut subjek penelitian diharapkan lebih luas. Kata Kunci: pengembangan, model pembelajaran, servis backhand tenis meja.
Pengaruh Metode Drill dan Metode Small-Sided Games terhadap Hasil Belajar Keterampilan Passing dan Control Sepakbola Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Sepakbola di SMP Negeri 19 Malang
Authors: Fatoni Abdullah , Hariyoko Hariyoko , Wahyudi Usman
Published: November 2019

Abstract: This research aims to know the influence of drill method and small-sided games method to the result of learning skill passing and control soccer from extracurricular participants in state junior high school 19 cities malang. This study used the matching pretest-posttest comparison group design. The subjects in this study are 30 participants. Data analysis from this research using analysis one way variancetechnique. The result of data analysis, it can be concluded that: (1) the learning of drill method give significant influence to the result of learning skill passing and control soccer from the participant football extracurricular in state junior high school 19 cities malang ,(2) the learning method of small-sided games gives a significant influence on the result of learning skill passing and control soccer from the participant football extracurricular in state junior high school 19 cities malang, (3) there is no significant difference of drill method learning with small-sided games on the result of learning skill of passing and control soccer from the participant football extracurricular in state junior high school 19 cities malang , but based on average score of drill learning ended give the better influence. Keywords: media education passing, learning outcomes passing and ball control skills, Extracurricular Junior Hight School. Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode drill dan metode small-sided games terhadap hasil belajar keterampilan passing dan control sepakbola peserta ekstrakurikuler sepakbola di SMP Negeri 19 Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian the macthing pretest-posttest comparison group design. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 peserta. Analisis data dari penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis varians satu jalur. Dari hasil analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) pembelajaran metode drill memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar keterampilan passing dan control sepakbola peserta ekstrakurikuler sepakbola SMP Negeri 19 Malang, (2) pembelajaran metode small-sided games memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar keterampilan passing dan control sepakbola peserta ekstrakurikuler sepakbola SMP Negeri 19 Malang, (3) tidak ada perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara pembelajaran metode drill dengan small-sided games terhadap hasil belajar keterampilan passing dan control sepakbola peserta ekstrakurikuler sepakbola  SMP Negeri 19 Malang, tetapi berdasarkan rata-rata skor akhir pembelajaran drill memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik.   Kata kunci: media pembelajaran passing, hasil belajar keterampilan passing dan kontrol sepakbola, ekstrakurikuler SMP.
Diversificación económica y proyectos de fomento en Chile, Tucumán y Tarija (siglo XVIII)
Authors: Soler Luisa C. , Cruz Enrique N. , Koeltzsch Grit
Published: November 2019

El presente trabajo analiza las diversificaciones económicas y las iniciativas de fomento desarrollado en tres áreas de América del Sur, como son el Reino de Chile, la Gobernación del Tucumán y el Distrito de Tarija. Por medio de estudios de caso, se identifican, describen y detallan las diversas actividades económicas: comercial, agrícola, minera y protoindustrial, promovidas por agentes económicos mercantiles a finales del periodo colonial, utilizando como base correspondencia comercial privada, inventarios de mercancías, testimonios, juicios civiles y penales. Los resultados muestran que, pese a la importancia puesta al desarrollo de iniciativas de fomento productivo por parte de ciertos sectores político-burocráticos, los alcances fueron relativos, entre otras cosas por las dinámicas de los mercados, el sistema de financiamiento y el cálculo racional del beneficio.
Estudios de exactitud diagnóstica
Authors: Díaz-García Luisa , Medina-Vera Isabel , García-de la Puente Silvestre , González-Garay Alejandro , Murata Chiharu
Published: November 2019

ANTECEDENTES: En los estudios de prueba diagnóstica puede hacerse la distinción en cinco fases que corresponden a diferentes objetivos. La fase III se denomina: estudio de exactitud diagnóstica.OBJETIVO: Ofrecer a los médicos y a otros profesionales de la salud una introducción actualizada de los conceptos y herramientas estadísticas de estudio de exactitud diagnóstica.DESCRIPCIÓN: El estudio de exactitud diagnóstica tiene como propósito determinar si la prueba de interés distingue a los sujetos con y sin la enfermedad de entre quienes se sospecha la enfermedad en una situación clínica cotidiana. Para cumplir este objetivo son decisivas: la selección del estándar de referencia válido, evitar los sesgos característicos de esta fase, identificar los parámetros que cuantifican la bondad de la exactitud diagnóstica y efectuar análisis estadísticos adecuados.CONCLUSIONES: Tanto para el uso de la información como para la realización del estudio de exactitud diagnóstica es necesario distinguir claramente esta fase de estudio como parte de los ensayos diagnósticos. Es importante conocer que la utilidad de la información de las fases II y III es muy diferente. Los usuarios de la prueba diagnóstica deben saber aplicar correctamente los datos locales para que la utilidad diagnóstica generada por la prueba sea adecuada al contexto clínico.
A High-Performance Alumina Desiccant
Authors: Kruglyakov V. Yu. , Glazyrin A. V. , Mescheryakov E. P. , Kurzina I. A. , Isupova L. A.
Published: November 2019

The effect of the synthesis conditions – features and content of an alkali used for hydration of the gibbsite thermal activation product, and the content of nitric acid (acidity modulus) used to obtain the extrusion paste – on the properties of alumina desiccants was studied. The synthesized desiccant outperforms foreign and Russian analogs in dynamic capacity (above 10.0 g/100 g) at close values of specific surface area (ca. 300 m2/g) and static capacity (20–22 g/100 g). The desiccant has a high strength (above 8.0 MPa). Its application can increase the performance of existing adsorbers and decrease the cost of sorbent regeneration, which is certainly of practical interest.
PRACTICE TO THEORY OF LEARNING: A LESSON LEARNED FROM ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL IN SOUTH TAPANULI OF INDONESIA
Authors: Ritonga Tamin , Ananda Azwar , Lanin Dasman , Hasan Helmi
Published: November 2019

Purpose of the study: This research was aimed at constructing a new theory of learning from traditional practice which could give a significant contribution to the educational model. This research was conducted to seek the theory learning and model of teaching of Pondok Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School with Salafi system) in South Tapanuli of Indonesia.

Methodology: A qualitative research design was applied to seek the data in the Islamic Boarding School for constructing a theory of learning. This research applied an observation and interview techniques to collect the data from Islamic boarding school Darussalam Parmeraan (PDP) of the Dolok District of South Tapanuli, North Sumatra Province of Indonesia.

Main Findings: Data revealed that Sorongan and Halaqoh techniques (circling forum in group learning and discussion models), not like the formal school model in the classrooms, have been more effective in two terms; solidarity and control. Sorong and Halaqoh have been preferred to be practiced in that Islamic Boarding School for many years. This study recommends that theory.

Applications of this study: The data obtained of teaching methods in Islamic Boarding School Darussalam Parmeraan (PDP) give the alternative teaching techniques such as Sorongan in which learners put into the circling forum which makes the learners are close to instructors and Halaqoh where the Islamic teachings motivate them to learn more intensively. Those two techniques could be applied to formal school, not only in the Pondok pesantren area.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offered the system of Pondok pesantren traditional practice of teaching techniques of Sorongan and Hallaq of Pondok Pesantren which have been originally rooted in Islamic teachings in Southeast Asia for modern schools. Those techniques could be transferred to formal school; as learning practice that gives democratic education and contributes to training learners in formal schools.
The Effect of Time Elapsed from the Onset of Symptoms to Surgery on Prognosis in Patients with Foot Drop due to Lumbar Disc Hernia
Authors: YÜKSEL Mehmet Onur , ÇEVİK Serdar
Published: November 2019

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the duration from foot drop development to nerve decompression on the rate and degree of recovery in foot drop clinic.Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 30 consecutive patients who had undergone microdiscectomy for foot drop clinic (ankle dorsiflexion 0/5 paresis) between April 2014 and February 2019. Patients were divided into three groups according to the time from foot drop development to surgery, as <72 hours, 72 hours to 1 week, and >1 week. Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni corrected Mann Whitney U test were used to evaluate the rate and degree of recovery of ankle dorsiflexion muscle strength between groups.Results: In this study, 30 patients (18 females and 12 males) who underwent surgery for foot drop were evaluated. Mean age at the time of surgery was 46.5±13.5 (range, 18-72) years. Postoperative ankle dorsiflexion strength was 4.2±1.6 (range, 0-5) in <72 hours group, 1.7±1.6 (range, 0-5) in 72 hours - 1 week group and 1.0±1.3 (range, 0-3) in >1 week group. Postoperative muscle strength improvement level of <72 hours group was significantly different both from 72 hours - 1 week group (p=0.003) and from >1 week group (p=0.002). There was no statistically significant difference between 72 hours - 1 week group and >1 week group (p=0.427).Conclusion: In foot drop clinic, the duration from onset of symptoms to surgical decompression was a statistically significant predictor of postoperative recovery rates.
Editorial
Authors: Fernández-Morales Flavio Humberto
Published: November 2019

Editorial

 

En este número estamos celebrando los 10 años de creación de la revista que inició su andadura en la Facultad Seccional Duitama, de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, con la intención de ser el vehículo de divulgación científica de nuestra comunidad académica. A lo largo de este tiempo, el proyecto editorial se ha fortalecido, gracias a la colaboración de: autores, evaluadores, asistentes editoriales, integrantes de los comités científico y editorial, asesores externos y de lengua extranjera, así como al soporte logístico brindado por la institución.

 

Lo anterior se refleja en que la Revista de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, como resultado de la convocatoria No. 830-2018 de Colciencias, asciende a la categoría B del IBN Publindex. Esta clasificación tiene vigencia de un año, a partir del 1º de enero de 2020.

 

En este tiempo hemos enfrentado diversos retos, siendo quizás el más importante el generar confianza en nuestros usuarios, a través de procesos editoriales ágiles, manteniendo para ello una comunicación fluida y formativa, especialmente con nuestros autores.

 

En cuanto a los logros, el más relevante es que, desde nuestra vinculación al Indice Bibliográfico Nacional, IBN Publindex, en 2012, la revista ha mantenido su clasificación, a pesar de las vicisitudes ocurridas con el nuevo modelo de clasificación de revistas científicas, implementado en 2016 por Colciencias.

 

La proyección, a mediano plazo, pasa por fortalecer los indicadores de la revista, en especial el índice H5, baremo fundamental del modelo de Colciencias, para mantener la clasificación.  Asimismo, esperamos realizar los ajustes necesarios para poder presentar la revista ante Scopus, paso natural en el crecimiento de toda publicación científica, al menos de aquellas cuyas instituciones financiadoras están de acuerdo con el modelo de negocio que esas bases de datos representan.

 

En el presente fascículo, Vol. 10 No. 1, se incluyen trece artículos, resultado del proceso investigativo en temáticas relacionadas con administración, educación e ingeniería, los cuales invitamos a consultar y utilizar en sus investigaciones. Igualmente, se invita a los interesados en publicar los resultados de sus trabajos de investigación, a que envíen sus manuscritos a la revista; los requisitos de forma se pueden consultar al final de éste número o en nuestra página WEB, en las instrucciones para los autores.

 

Cordialmente,

 

FLAVIO HUMBERTO FERNÁNDEZ MORALES

Editor

Revista de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación

ISSN: 2027-8306 - ISSN-e: 2389-9417

Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia
Katı Atık Yükleme ve Taşıma Amaçlı Çok Fonksiyonlu Modüler Römorklu Araç Tasarımı
Authors: Uzun Osman , Kayacan Ramazan
Published: November 2019

Günümüzde katı atıkların
yüklenmesi ve taşınması için geliştirilen sistemler küçük ve orta ölçekli
işlerle uğraşan çiftçilere cevap verememektedir. Bu nedenle küçük ve orta ölçekli
besihaneleri olan çiftçiler temizlik için insan gücü ile katı atıkları çıkarma
yoluna gitmektedir. Fakat bu temizlik, zorluğundan dolayı, her gün yapılamadığı
için hayvanlarda göğüs ve tırnak iltihabı oluşabilmekte, ayrıca temizlik yapan
kişilerde bel fıtığı gibi hastalıklara yol açabilmektedir. Bu
çalışmada çiftçilerin özellikle küçük ve orta ölçekli besihaneler başta olmak
üzere muhtelif alanlardaki çeşitli katı atıkları toplayabilmeleri,
taşıyabilmeleri ve istenilen alana boşaltabilmeleri için römork kısmı
küçültülüp büyültülebilen, kürüme ünitesi ile kürüme ve bantlı konveyör ile
römorka yükleme işlemi yapabilen, hidrolik gücünü çapa makinasından alan araç
tasarlanmış ve prototipi imal edilmiştir. Aracın tasarımında Prof. Stuard Pugh
tarafından geliştirilen ve Toplam Tasarım adı verilen tasarım metodu
kullanılmıştır. Tasarlanan araç, hafif ve
ağır katı atıkla 150–250 m2 alanda test edilmiştir. Aracın uygulama
alanı, toplama ve boşaltma süreleri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda 250 m2
‘yi geçmeyen küçük ve orta ölçekli besihanelerde kullanılabileceği sonucuna
varılmıştır.
ONO Tip Schiff Baz Komplekslerinin Sentezi, Karakterizasyonu, Katalitik Özellikleri ve Termal Çalışmaları
Authors: Soğukömeroğulları Hatice Gamze , Sönmez Mehmet , Ceyhan Gökhan
Published: November 2019

5-kloro-2-hidroksiasetofenon ve
1-Amino-5-Benzoil-4-fenil-1H-pirimidin-2-on’dan (N-aminopirimidin-2-on) türeyen Schiff bazının bazı metal
kompleksleri sentezlenmiştir. Bütün bileşikler elementel analiz, molar
iletkenlik, manyetik moment ölçümü, IR, UV-Vis, kütle ve NMR (sadece Pd(II))
gibi spektral ve analitik tekniklerle karakterize edilmiştir. Pd(II) kompleksi
kare düzlem geometriye sahipken, diğer kompleksler oktahedral yapıya sahiptir.
Kompleksler iletkenlik özelliğine sahip değildir. Cu(II) ve Co(II) kompleksleri
kısmi antiferromanyetik özellik gösterirken, Pd(II) kompleksi diyamanyetik
özelliktedir. Schiff baz bileşiği ve yeni sentezlenen kompleksleri mikrodalga
ışını altında siklohekzan oksidasyonu için incelenmiştir. Hem mikrodalga gücü
hem de yeni katalizörlerin siklohekzanın (CyH) siklohekzanon (Cy=O) ve
siklohekzanole (Cy–OH) seçici yükseltgenmesini etkilediği görülmüştür. Cu(II)
ve Co(II) komplekslerinin liganda ve diğer komplekslere oranla siklohekzanın
oksidasyonu reaksiyonunda daha aktif oldukları bulunmuştur.
The Effect of Cross-linking Technique on Membrane Performance for Direct Methanol Alkaline Fuel Cell Application
Authors: Albayrak Arı Gülşen , Gülen Coşkun
Published: November 2019

In this
study, anion exchange membranes (AEM) based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were
prepared by two different cross-linking techniques and the effects of application
sequence of thermal and chemical cross-linking technique on properties of AEM
were investigated. Poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidly ether (PEGDGE) was used as
a chemical cross-linking agent instead of the commonly used glutaraldehyde (GA).
Evaluation of the fuel cell-related properties of the prepared membranes showed
that the technique of cross-linking and the application sequence of techniques
affected the properties of membranes. Promisingly, it was found that the
membranes prepared by firstly chemical cross-linking and then thermal
cross-linking at 150˚C (PPP150) exhibited high ionic conductivity (47 mS/cm),
membrane selectivity values (89 x104 S.s/cm3) and
sufficient mechanical strength. These encouraging results indicate that
AEMs-based on PVA cross-linked by chemical technique with PEGDGE and then
thermal technique may be considered as a promising membrane for Direct Methanol
Alkaline Fuel Cell (DMFC) applications.
EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN BUAH KURMA DAN DAUN KATUK TERHADAP KELANCARAN ASI PADA IBU MENYUSUI UMUR 0-40 HARI DI POSYANDU DESA POJOK WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SUKORAME KOTA KEDIRI
Authors: Aminah Siti , Purwaningsih Wahyu
Published: November 2019

Abstract: Breastfeeding babies in Indonesia has become a culture, but the practice of breastfeeding is still far from the expected. Sukorame Puskesmas working area of Kediri in February 2017 of 55 amounted to 32 people (17.6%) non-current breast milk so it is still a high incidence of lack of launch ation. The purpose of this study is to distinguish the effectiveness of the palm fruit with leaves on the smooth katuk of breast milk in nursing mothers 0-40 days in the village posyandu corner of the working area of Puskesmas Sukorame 2017. This research uses experimental Pre. With the method of One Group Pre Test Post Test Design. The sample in this study were 32 people taken by using purposive sampling technique. Data obtained by using primary data. Analysis of data using Wilcoxon test and Man Whitney test. The results of the study before the given date and leaves katuk alike are in the category of non-current that is as much (100%) ie 16 people. After taking Dates half (50%) experienced ASI smoothly or as much as 8 respondents. While that consume leaves katuk (93.8) experienced ASI smoothly or as many as 15 respondents. This indicates a significant effect before and after administration of dates on milk production shows the results of p-value of 0.007 or p <α (0.05) before and after consuming while katuk leaves showed the p-value of 0.000 against the smooth ASI in nursing mothers 0-40 days in the village posyandu corner of the working area of puskesmas Sukorame 2017. Based on the research results, it is expected to consume leaves katuk apart easily in the can and contains a lot of benefits and can help expedite spending on ibupost partum breastfeeding.Keywords: palm fruit, leaves and smoothness ASI katuk
Compreender a técnica estendida no violão: um elogio ao gesto
Authors: Fernandes Ledice
Published: November 2019

O presente artigo procura discutir a noção atual de técnica estendida ao violão, partindo da ideia de que são a curiosidade e a inventividade do instrumentista que o propulsam a investigar seu instrumento em busca de novos sons, e que se completa por uma nova escrita musical corporificada, com que o compositor integra a seu pensamento estrutural o gesto instrumental. Faz-se um levantamento da evolução da técnica violonística ao longo de sua história e da maneira através da qual os gestos de extensão do som foram progressivamente integrados ao repertório de técnicas consagradas. Reconhecem-se os anos 1970 como originários de uma nova maneira de se combinarem gestos e de se emprestarem técnicas de outras culturas musicais. Por fim, o artigo se atém a estudar quatro modelos fundamentais da expansão sonora e gestual ao violão, embasados nos aspectos do timbre e texturas, da scordatura e microtonalismo, do gesto percussivo e da relação ao ruído, em obras de Brouwer, Ferraz, Kampela e Lachenmann.
Crime Victimization, Health, and Female Genital Mutilation or Cutting Among Somali Women and Adolescent Girls in the United States, 2017
Authors: Fox Kathleen A. , Johnson-Agbakwu Crista
Published: November 2019

Objectives. To examine if exposure to victimization (e.g., homicide, violence, sexual assault, arson, kidnapping) is related to health problems, health care access and barriers, and health needs—beyond the effects of female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C)—among Somali women and adolescent girls.

Methods. We collected original survey data in 2017 from 879 female Somalis in Arizona.

Results. Compared with nonvictims, victims experienced significantly more health problems, were significantly less likely to have a designated place to receive health care, and identified significantly more health care needs and barriers to health care. Victims were 4 times more likely to experience depression or trauma and more than twice as likely to experience sexual intercourse problems, pregnancy problems, and gynecological problems. Among Somalis with FGM/C, victims had a 15% higher predicted probability of pregnancy-related health problems and a 19% higher predicted probability of gynecological health problems compared with nonvictimized Somalis with FGM/C.

Conclusions. Somalis exposed to victimization have more health problems, needs, and health care barriers.

Public Health Implications. Although more than 98% of Somali women and adolescent girls have undergone FGM/C, crime victimization affects health more than FGM/C alone.
IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with cerebrospinal fluid levels of biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Leko Mirjana Babić , Perković Matea Nikolac , Klepac Nataša , Štrac Dubravka Švob , Borovečki Fran , Pivac Nela , Hof Patrick R. , Simic Goran
Published: November 2019

Background Neuroinflammation plays an important role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). During this process, activated microglia release pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) that participate in neuron damage. However, anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-10), which maintain homeostasis of immune response, are also released. Previous studies showed the association of IL-1α -889C/T (rs1800587), IL-1β -1473G/C (rs1143623), IL-6 -174C/G (rs1800795), IL-10 -1082G/A (rs1800896) and TNFα -308A/G (rs1800629) polymorphisms with AD.Methods In this study, we assessed whether people carrying certain genotypes in these polymorphisms are more prone to develop AD-related pathology, reflected by pathological levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers including amyloid β1–42 (Aβ1–42), total tau (t‐tau), tau phosphorylated at Thr 181 (p‐tau181), Ser 199 (p‐tau199), and Thr 231 (p‐tau231), and visinin‐like protein 1 (VILIP‐1). The study included 115 AD patients, 53 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 11 healthy controls, and 54 patients with other causes of dementia.Results A significant increase in p-tau CSF levels was found in patients with the AA IL-10 -1082G/A and GG TNFα -308A/G genotypes, and in carriers of a G allele in IL-1β -1473C/G and IL-6 -174C/G polymorphisms. T-tau levels were increased while Aβ1-42 levels were decreased in carriers of a G allele in IL-1β -1473C/G polymorphism. An increase in VILIP-1 levels was observed in patients with CG and GG IL-1β -1473C/G, GC IL-6 -174C/G and GG TNFα -308A/G genotype.Conclusions These results suggest that persons carrying certain genotypes in IL10 (-1082G/A), IL1β (1473C/G), IL6 (-174C/G) and TNFα (-308A/G) could be more vulnerable to development of neuroinglammation, and consequently of AD.
Spatio-temporal effect of urban heat island on cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Huang Huanchun , Xin Deng , Hailin Yang , Cui Hao , Zhongren Peng , Wei Liu
Published: November 2019

Background: As urbanization progresses, urban built-up areas are expanding, increasing the number of urban heat islands (UHIs) and damaging the cardiovascular health of urban residents. This study aimed to explore the spatio-temporal pattern evolution characteristics of the effect of UHI on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Methods: We analyzed the land surface temperatures (LSTs) retrieved from data from four Landsat remote-sensing images from 1984 to 2017, data on temperature from 95 meteorological stations, and data on CVDs mortality. Based on this, landscape pattern indices were used to analyze the pattern-process-function underlying the effect of UHIs on CVDs. Results: The effect of UHIs on CVDs increased, thereby increasing the mortality rate by 28.8% and increasing the affected area by 1683.977 km² between 1984 and 2017. The affected areas gradually expanded from the central area of the city, and underwent three evolution stages; the areas highly affected were mainly distributed in the central and southern regions. Patches increased in number, whereas the landscape was fragmented. The area and ratio of high-level patches also showed an upward tendency, increasing the dominance in the overall landscape. The patches of the overall landscape became more complicated in shape, whereas those of high-level ones became less complicated. The degree of concentration of the overall landscape decreased gradually, with the types of landscape patches increasing, reaching a rather even space distribution. Conclusions: UHIs drastically increase CVDs mortality by increasing temperatures during summer in Beijing, China. As cities expand, the effect of UHIs on CVDs increases in terms of both intensity and area, with overall landscape in uneven distribution, high-level affected areas in point distribution, and low-level ones in large-area concentration. This study, hence, provides theoretical evidence for the prevention and early warning on CVDs.
Human metapneumovirus induces autophagy through JNK and MEK/ERK pathway
Authors: Zhang Pan , Chen Suhua , Yang Hui , Tan Bin , Zhao Yao
Published: November 2019

Background: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a ubiquitous respiratory pathogen, especially in infants and young children. Virus-host interaction affects viral replication and host immune responses. Autophagy plays an important role in virus-host interaction. Airway epithelial cells serve as the first line in host to against respiratory virus infection. However, it is still unknown whether autophagy is activated in human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infected host cells.
Methods: In this study, we demonstrated the occurrence of autophagy through some autophagic features including the conversion of GFP-RFP-LC3 plasmid, RFP-LC3 puncta and expression of autophagic-related gene. The pathways involved in autophagy were detected by Western Blot and verified by specific pathway inhibitors. The relationship between the replication of hMPV and autophagy was tested by Rapamycin, 3-MA, siRNA-LC3 and pathway inhibitors. We also used BALB/c mice to verified the autophagy and pathways in hMPV infection.
Results: We found that the GFP-RFP-LC3 plasmid, RFP-LC3 puncta and expression of ATG5, ATG7, Becllin1, LC3 were increased in hMPV group in vitro . JNK and MEK/ERK signaling pathway are activated in hMPV induced-autophagy and we confirmed the two pathways with specific inhibitors SP600125 and PD98059. Furthermore, we found that rapamycin suppressed hMPV infection significantly, but reversed when treated with autophagy inhibitor 3-MA, siRNA-LC3 and pathway inhibitors. hMPV infected mice also induce autophagy through JNK and MEK/ERK pathways.
Conclusion: Taken together, our results show strong evidence that autophagy involved in hMPV infection through JNK, MEK/ERK pathway which plays an antiviral role in the process of hMPV infection.
Archaeological Excavation from Epistemological Perspective
Authors: Porčić Marko
Published: November 2019

Archaeological excavation as the basic form of fieldwork in archaeology is frequently perceived, especially in the Serbian archaeological community, as the focus of the archaeological method. The syllabi of university courses in methodology of archaeological research are often primarily devoted to the methods and techniques of excavation. The aim of this paper is to present a wider picture, i.e. to present the role of excavation in archaeological method from the point of view of epistemology as the general methodology of scientific research. Two questions are essential in this process: 1. What is the epistemological structure of archaeological research and what is the place of excavation? 2. Does archaeological excavation have any specific traits compared to structurally equivalent epistemological positions of other sciences, natural as well as social? Although it may seem that the answer to the first question is straightforward – excavation produces data for archaeological research – it is only partially true in reality, since the quantity and quality of data produced by excavation forms just a small part of the universe of data generated in archaeology in order to answer the research questions and to test hypotheses. Also, the majority of archaeological research is conducted on the already excavated material (and therefore independently of research questions and hypotheses of a later research project), and it is only rare that excavation is conducted as a research phase of a particular project, thus differing archaeology from the majority of other sciences, where the phase of gathering data (e.g. experiment or survey) follows the formulation of research objectives and hypotheses.  This reflects the specific epistemological position of archaeological excavation, which is the consequence of the fact that archaeological excavation is not always linked to academic research, but is sometimes conducted in the absence of a definite research project (e.g. rescue excavations). At the same time, the destructive character of excavation raises the issue of replication of interpretation of stratigraphic relations and decisions on collecting and documenting the material. Archaeological excavation is the basic source of material on the grounds of which data are generated in the problem-oriented research, while the quantity of data generated by fieldwork excavation is limited to contextual-stratigraphic information. Non-replicability of archaeological excavation produces a strong need for detailed documentation during the process itself, but in order to be rational, the scope of this documentation is limited by the scope of existing methods. The paper presents possible models of growth of archaeological knowledge, favouring the model of declining benefits and relative finity of archaeological knowledge.
Removing the Ballast of Religion from the Religiosity – Simmel’s Theoretical and Epistemological Contribution to Contemporary Religiology
Authors: Jovanović Ajzenhamer Nataša
Published: November 2019

Simmel's hypothesis on the analytical, but also the substantial difference between the process of religiosity and religion as a rounded ethical and practical system, served us as an epistemological basis for the study of the transformation of religiosity in contemporary society. Following Kant's logic of distinction between a priori and a posteriori knowledge, Simmel differentiates the form from content in various spheres of the social reality, even in the field of religious. This German sociological classic defines religiosity as a form that can, but does not have to be hypostasized in a highly specialized and highly institutionalized collectivist religious system. Removing the ballast of religion from religiosity, Simmel has given an important cognitive impulse to explore various alternative religious concepts that often have a loose organization of the structure (or not having one at all) and which are most often focused on individual spirituality. The dialectical relationship between religion and religiosity allows different forms of spirituality to be adequately investigated, as well as to point out the way in which they survive and often converge different traditional and alternative religious systems, especially in the Western Christian context, which was in Simmel’s focus. Thus, this paper highlights the most important theoretical and epistemological contributions to the study of religions and religiosity that left it to sociologists, but also philosophers and anthropologists, one of the most prominent European thinkers in the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. A special emphasis will be placed on the study of the (de)ecularization process, as well as on individual spirituality in the contemporary world. The phenomena which is goting to be specially considered is cyber spirituality, precisely in the context of the study of various types of spirituality that will converge in contemporary society, as Simmel anticipated.
Usage of Human Labour in the History of Serbian Archaeology: Three Examples
Authors: Bandović Aleksandar
Published: November 2019

Although archaeology is not the only research discipline where fieldwork is one of the tools in the process of acquiring knowledge, rare are the disciplines that harness and organize physical labour of non-professionals in the ways done by archaeologists during excavations. Throughout the history of archaeology the usage of physical labour has implied a firm hierarchical order in accordance to which archaeologists have bought or exploited human work during excavations. The physical effort to uncover the layers of earth covering archaeological sites is a tacitly implied part of the archaeological practice. The dichotomy and the relationship between an archaeologist/director of excavations/decision-maker, who considers, analyses and interprets the archaeological record, and the workers who undertake the more physically demanding tasks, has remained largely unchanged, conditioned by the traditional and commonsensical attitude towards archaeological practice. It is paradoxical that the research discipline, publicly mainly recognized through excavations, rarely investigates the conditions under which the human labour is organized and exploited during field campaigns. The paper treats some characteristic examples dating into the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century, starting with the excavations at Viminacium, the works at Stobi between the two world wars, and finally the forced labour during the World War II harnessed during the works at Kalemegdan. By discussing the ways and conditions under which human labour was used during these archaeological excavations, the paper raises the issue of the intention of archaeology and who is it aimed for. The cited examples point to the conclusion that the conditions of an archaeological excavation reflect the society, and the way in which the human labour was organized here speaks of the ways of valorising work. The examples of Viminacium and Stobi indicate that the idea of cultural heritage as a common good was shared by a small number of representatives of middle and higher social statuses, while physical labourers possessed no right over it. The excavations at Kalemegdan quite explicitly speak of the many ways in which the Third Reich exploited forced labour.
Archaeological Excavations of Adam Oršić: Fieldwork as a Source of Power and Authority
Authors: A. Janković Marko
Published: November 2019

The period between the two world wars is extremely important for the history of Serbian and Yugoslav archaeology, because this is the time when the discipline was rapidly institutionalized – new museums are established, new professionals are trained, and large fieldwork projects are initiated. At that moment, as well as immediately after – during the World War II, European archaeology is to the great extent oriented towards the German professionals and institutions.  In Germany and Austria institutionalization started earlier, by the beginning of the 20th century, so a great number of the Serbian and Yugoslav archaeologists was educated in the German centres – Marburg, Berlin, Munich, Vienna and other universities. Adam Oršić started working in archaeology in 1930s, self-taught and leaning primarily on the experience of older colleagues, rather than on formal education, which he did not possess at the time. However, he started fieldwork on the sites in Niš and the surrounding area, collecting a huge set of data, that remained in his private possession. It was this data collection and his vast fieldwork experience in southern Serbia that for Oršić opened the door of Ahnenerbe and heritage protection institutions during the occupation. As the result of the status he achieved at the time, he was sent to Oswald Menghin in Vienna, where he completed his dissertation in 1944. During the war, his insistence on fieldwork as the essential part of archaeological research became even more pronounced, leading to his suggestion to Ahnenerbe to organize an expedition in Serbia and Macedonia. The status acquired by his doctorate under the mentorship of Menghin, the leading praehistorian of Europe at the time, enabled Oršić to continue his archaeological work after the war, first as a refugee in Austria, and then as an immigrant to Brazil. Oršić considered fieldwork as the means through which archaeologists acquire exclusive knowledge. He himself used this knowledge throughout his career to strengthen his authority and to achieve esteem in the academic community.  His vast experience and knowledge of the sites in Serbia contributed to the respect he enjoyed by the authorities during the war, set his educational path, and ultimately secured him the status he enjoyed in the settings he worked till the end of his life.
Why applying THP on waste activated sludge makes sense: Psyttalia – Athens case study
Authors: Zikakis D. , Chauzy J. , Droubogianni I. , Georgakopoulos A.
Published: November 2019

In order to improve the energy footprint of Psyttalia wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Athens, the application of a thermal hydrolysis process (THP) was preferred to the option of constructing additional digesters. Since August 2015, approximately half of the generated waste activated sludge (WAS) has been treated by a Cambi B6-4 system, while the thickened primary sludge (PS) is by-passing the THP and is mixed with the hydrolysed WAS before entering the 4 digesters. The 4 other conventional digesters have treated the remaining sludge. The dewaterability of the mixed digested sludge has significantly been improved from 22% dry solids (DS) before THP installation, up to 31% DS after THP installation. This is providing substantial reduction of energy use and cost savings at the sludge drying plant of Psyttalia. In addition, biogas generation and digester efficiency (VSR) have been increased.
Is it Worth CANVASing for CREDENCE? A Benefit-risk Analysis
Authors: Sinha Binayak , Ghosal Samit
Published: November 2019

Background and Aims:

A number of significant positive and negative signals emerged from
the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial with the use of canagliflozin. These signals are confusing.
A Likelihood of being Helped of Harmed (LHH) analysis was conducted to determine the risk,
benefit ratio associated with canagliflozin use and address the signals as a continuum.

Materials &Methods:

LHH was calculated from the number needed to treat (NNT) and number
needed to harm (NNH) available from the absolute risk reductions reported with the outcomes of interest,
in these two trials.

Results:

In the CANVAS Program, LHH for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) points at a
significant benefit with canagliflozin use in comparison to amputation (1.65), fractures (1.65) and
euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) (16.67) risks. Only genital fungal infections were significant
more in both sexes (0.21-M and 0.1-F) when LHH was matched against the positive outcomes. In
contrast, the hHF benefits were outweighed by amputation (0.95) and fracture risks (0.95).

:

In CREDENCE trial, the LHH for Primary composite, Renal composite and MACE, all supported the
benefits in comparison to any adverse events encountered in the trial.

:

The LHH from pooled data (CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial) was in favour of all the benefits
(hHF and renal composites) except for MACE matched against amputation (0.66).

Conclusion:

The outcome benefits were in favour of canagliflozin in comparison to all reported adverse
events, when hHF and renal composite were under consideration, in both the individual and pooled LHH
analysis. However, the MACE benefits were overwhelmed by amputation risk in the pooled analysis.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT OF DISASTER VULNERABLE VILLAGE COMMUNITY ON THE MERAPI ERUPTION
Authors: Tohani Entoh , Wibawa Lutfi
Published: November 2019

Community resilience to anticipate disaster depends on the possession of social capital that grows in the community. Social capital can produce positive effects, unfortunately, disaster mitigations have been dominated by the development of human capital skills than social capital skills. This study aims to determine the role of social capital in disaster management in the disaster vulnerable communities of the Merapi Mount, taking a case in Girikerto village, Turi Sub-district, Sleman Regency, Special Province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia as one area with high risk of the eruption. Independent interviews and focused group discussions were done involving hamlet heads, village government officials, and members of community disaster organizations; in addition to observation in the village dailylife. The results showed that social capital covering values and norms, commitment, trust, networking and sharing of information or knowledge provides benefits in the form of increased community awareness of disaster, social solidarity, and disaster knowledge of the citizens. Therefore, it is important to held community empowerment using an educational approach that is based on the utilization of social capital directly and planned in disaster vulnerable areas for enlarging the resiliency capacity of community.
A imagem como veículo de traumas
Authors: Serva Leão
Published: November 2019

Este trabalho analisa as conclusões de estudos recentes sobre a ocorrência de Síndrome de Estresse Pós-Traumático em profissionais que lidam com imagens de conflitos distantes: controladores de voo de drones ou editores incumbidos de receber e editar fotografias em centros como Nova York, Londres ou Paris. O estudo é realizado no contexto de pesquisa, feita com ferramentas de reconhecimento de emoções em expressões faciais, que visa a identificar os sentimentos que as imagens de guerra provocam. Segundo esse levantamento, o espectador manifesta crescente engajamento diante de uma sucessão de imagens, enquanto expressões de surpresa e repugnância iniciais diminuem. O texto considera as imagens como veículos condutores da energia despertada pelas cenas originais, considerando que sua potência é preservada pela capacidade de reconhecimento dos sentimentos expressos pelas figuras retratadas, através de mecanismos que compõem a empatia, como os neurônios espelho, ou registros na memória profunda. O texto relaciona essa capacidade das imagens de preservar a energia das cenas originais com o conceito de “fórmulas de emoção”, criado por Aby Warburg, para quem imagens arcaicas reprocessadas no presente provocam emoção imediata, por estarem impregnadas na memória coletiva (ou “memória social”, como ele usou). Warburg baseou-se nos estudos de Richard Semon, criador do conceito de Mneme, apontado como um paralelo do conceito de “inconsciente coletivo” de Carl Jung.
¿Sobran las palabras? Los emojis como prueba en el proceso judicial
Authors: Rodríguez Álvarez Ana
Published: November 2019

Los emojis han irrumpido con fuerza en nuestras comunicaciones
diarias. Mediante estos pictogramas, expresamos nuestras emociones,
completamos el contenido de los mensajes, matizamos nuestras
palabras y, en ocasiones, nos servimos de ellos para sustituir por
completo el texto.
Poco han tardado en pasar de los teclados de nuestros dispositivos a los
órganos jurisdiccionales. Y es que, desde no hace mucho, las sentencias
de nuestros tribunales ya tienen en cuenta los emojis para resolver
procesos tanto civiles como penales.
Así las cosas, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar qué papel
están desempeñando los emojis como prueba, qué problemas y dudas
se están planteando en la práctica y a qué desafíos nos hemos de
enfrentar en el futuro.