bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast all-fiber ultraviolet photodetector based on an Ag-decorated ZnO micro-pillar
Authors: Ma Dingbang , Wang Ying , Chen Chen , Cai Zhihao , Zhang Jiaxiong , Liao Changrui , Weng Xiaoyu , Liu Liwei , Qu Junle , Wang Yiping
Published: January 2023

There are urgent demands of ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors with high sensitivity and fast response due to the wide application of ultraviolet light in the fields of medical treatment, space exploration, optical communication and semiconductor industry. The response speed of traditional ZnO-based UV photodetectors is always limited by the carrier mobility and electrical resistance caused by the external circuits. Utilizing the all-optical detection method may replace the complex circuit structure and effectively improve the response speed of photodetectors. Here, a fast-response fiber-optic UV photodetector is proposed, where a ZnO micro-pillar is fixed on the end face of a fiber-tip and acts as a Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI). Under the irradiation of UV light, the photo-generated carriers change the refractive index of the ZnO micro-pillar, leading to a redshift of the interference wavelengths of the ZnO FPI. To enhance this effect, a discontinuous Ag film with an island-like structure is coated on the surface of ZnO micro-pillars through magnetron sputtering, and therefore the sensitivity of the proposed device achieves to 1.13 nm/(W·cm-2), which is 3.9 times higher than that of without Ag-decoration, due to the intensification of photo-carrier change with the help of the Schottky junction formed between Ag film and ZnO micro-pillar. Meanwhile, since the response speed of the proposed device is mainly determined by the temporal RI change of ZnO micro-pillar, the fiber-optic UV photodetector also shows very fast response with a rise time of 35 ns and a decay time of 40 µs. The demonstrated structure takes full advantage of optical fiber devices, exhibiting compactness, flexibility, fast response and immune to electromagnetic interference, which paves a new way for the next generation of photodetection devices.
In-situ determination of spin polarization in a single-beam fiber-coupled spin-exchange-relaxation-free atomic magnetometer with differential detection
Authors: Ma Yintao , Qiao Zhixia , Chen Yao , Luo Guoxi , Yu Mingzhi , Wang Yanbin , Lu Dejiang , Zhao Libo , Yang Ping , Lin Qijing , Jiang Zhuangde
Published: January 2023

The electronic spin polarization of alkali-metal-vapor atoms is a pivotal parameter for atomic magnetometers. Herein, a novel method is presented for determining the spin polarization with a miniaturized single-beam spin-exchange-relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer on the basis of zero-field cross-over resonance. Two separate laser beams are utilized to heat the cell and interrogate the vapor atoms, respectively. Spin polarization can be extracted by measuring the resonance response signal of the magnetometer to the transverse magnetic field under different irradiances. Results of these experiments are consistent well with the theoretical predictions with the maximum deviation less than 4%. The proposed method has the integrated advantages of possessing a simple configuration and in-situ measurement. Furthermore, combined with a homemade optical differential detection system with a factor of approximately three of the power noise suppression, the developed single-beam SERF atomic magnetometer with a measuring sensitivity of 32 fT/Hz1/2 has been achieved. This demonstrated approach can help guide the development of chip-scale atomic magnetometers for bio-magnetic field imaging applications.
Partially interpretable image deconvolution framework based on the Richardson–Lucy model
Authors: Zhao Xiaojun , Liu Guangcai , Jin Rui , Gong Hui , Luo Qingming , Yang Xiaoquan
Published: January 2023

Fluorescence microscopy typically suffers from aberration induced by system and sample, which could be circumvented by image deconvolution. We proposed a novel, to the best of our knowledge, Richardson–Lucy (RL) model-driven deconvolution framework to improve reconstruction performance and speed. Two kinds of neural networks within this framework were devised, which are partially interpretable compared with previous deep learning methods. We first introduce RL into deep feature space, which has superior generalizability to the convolutional neural networks (CNN). We further accelerate it with an unmatched backprojector, providing a five times faster reconstruction speed than classic RL. Our deconvolution approaches outperform both CNN and traditional methods regarding image quality for blurred images caused by out-of-focus or imaging system aberration.
Deep neural network for modeling soliton dynamics in the mode-locked laser
Authors: Fang Yin , Han Hao-Bin , Bo Wen-Bo , Liu Wei , Wang Ben-Hai , Wang Yue-Yue , Dai Chao-Qing
Published: January 2023

Integrating the information of the first cycle of an optical pulse in a cavity into the input of a neural network, a bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi_LSTM) recurrent neural network (RNN) with an attention mechanism is proposed to predict the dynamics of a soliton from the detuning steady state to the stable mode-locked state. The training and testing are based on two typical nonlinear dynamics: the conventional soliton evolution from various saturation energies and soliton molecule evolution under different group velocity dispersion coefficients of optical fibers. In both cases, the root mean square error (RMSE) for 80% of the test samples is below 15%. In addition, the width of the conventional soliton pulse and the pulse interval of the soliton molecule predicted by the neural network are consistent with the experimental results. These results provide a new insight into the nonlinear dynamics modeling of the ultrafast fiber laser.
Predicting the future climate-related prevalence and distribution of crop pests and diseases affecting major food crops in Zambia
Authors: Nguru Wilson , Mwongera Caroline
Published: January 2023

Environmental factors determine the suitability of natural habitats for crop pests and often facilitate their proliferation and that of the crop diseases they carry. Crop pests and diseases damage food crops, significantly reducing yields for these commodities and threatening food security in developing, predominantly agricultural economies. Given its impact on environmental factors, climate change is an important determinant of crop pest and disease distribution. This study uses Targeting Tools, a climate suitability analysis and mapping toolkit, to explore the potential impact of climate change on select environmental factors linked to crop pest and associated diseases’ proliferation. Based on the existing literature, prediction modeling was performed on 21 key pests and diseases that impact the major food crops for Zambian consumption. Future changes in habitat suitability for these crop pests and diseases were mapped based on their optimal temperature and relative humidity conditions for proliferation. Results project that there will be an overall increased geographical spread of suitable habitats for crop pests (and as follows, crop diseases) that thrive in warmer environments. By the 2030s, crop pests and diseases will increasingly spread across Zambia, with a higher likelihood of occurrence projected under RCPs 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5. Crop pests and diseases that thrive in cooler environments will experience decreasing habitat suitability in the 2030s, but will transition to a slower decrease in the 2050s under RCPs 2.6 and 4.5. Overall crop pest and disease habitat suitability will continue to rise slowly in the 2050s; RCP 8.5 shows an increased habitat suitability for crop pests and diseases that thrive in warm environments, with a decreased likelihood of occurrence for crop pests and diseases that thrive in cooler environments. The results highlight the need for future-facing, long-term climate adaptation and mitigation measures that create less suitable microclimates for crop pests and diseases.
Characterization of the innate immune response to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in zebrafish
Authors: Saralahti Anni K. , Harjula Sanna-Kaisa E. , Rantapero Tommi , Uusi-Mäkelä Meri I. E. , Kaasinen Mikko , Junno Maiju , Piippo Hannaleena , Nykter Matti , Lohi Olli , Rounioja Samuli , Parikka Mataleena , Rämet Mika
Published: January 2023

Streptococcus pneumoniae(pneumococcus) is one of the most frequent causes of pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis in humans, and an important cause of mortality among children and the elderly. We have previously reported the suitability of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) larval model for the study of the host-pathogen interactions in pneumococcal infection. In the present study, we characterized the zebrafish innate immune response to pneumococcus in detail through a whole-genome level transcriptome analysis and revealed a well-conserved response to this human pathogen in challenged larvae. In addition, to gain understanding of the genetic factors associated with the increased risk for severe pneumococcal infection in humans, we carried out a medium-scale forward genetic screen in zebrafish. In the screen, we identified a mutant fish line which showed compromised resistance to pneumococcus in the septic larval infection model. The transcriptome analysis of the mutant zebrafish larvae revealed deficient expression of a gene homologous for humanC-reactive protein(CRP). Furthermore, knockout of one of the six zebrafishcrpgenes by CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis predisposed zebrafish larvae to a more severe pneumococcal infection, and the phenotype was further augmented by concomitant knockdown of a gene for another Crp isoform. This suggests a conserved function of C-reactive protein in anti-pneumococcal immunity in zebrafish. Altogether, this study highlights the similarity of the host response to pneumococcus in zebrafish and humans, gives evidence of the conserved role of C-reactive protein in the defense against pneumococcus, and suggests novel host genes associated with pneumococcal infection.
Structure-guided mutagenesis of the capsid protein indicates that a nanovirus requires assembled viral particles for systemic infection
Authors: Trapani Stefano , Bhat Eijaz Ahmed , Yvon Michel , Lai-Kee-Him Joséphine , Hoh François , Vernerey Marie-Stéphanie , Pirolles Elodie , Bonnamy Mélia , Schoehn Guy , Zeddam Jean-Louis , Blanc Stéphane , Bron Patrick
Published: January 2023

Nanoviruses are plant multipartite viruses with a genome composed of six to eight circular single-stranded DNA segments. The distinct genome segments are encapsidated individually in icosahedral particles that measure ≈18 nm in diameter. Recent studies on the model speciesFaba bean necrotic stunt virus(FBNSV) revealed that complete sets of genomic segments rarely occur in infected plant cells and that the function encoded by a given viral segment can complement the others across neighbouring cells, presumably by translocation of the gene products through unknown molecular processes. This allows the viral genome to replicate, assemble into viral particles and infect anew, even with the distinct genome segments scattered in different cells. Here, we question the form under which the FBNSV genetic material propagates long distance within the vasculature of host plants and, in particular, whether viral particle assembly is required. Using structure-guided mutagenesis based on a 3.2 Å resolution cryogenic-electron-microscopy reconstruction of the FBNSV particles, we demonstrate that specific site-directed mutations preventing capsid formation systematically suppress FBNSV long-distance movement, and thus systemic infection of host plants, despite positive detection of the mutated coat protein when the corresponding segment is agroinfiltrated into plant leaves. These results strongly suggest that the viral genome does not propagate within the plant vascular system under the form of uncoated DNA molecules or DNA:coat-protein complexes, but rather moves long distance as assembled viral particles.
Women in the Italian television industry: Tradition or innovation?
Authors: Gavrila Mihaela
Published: January 2023

Starting from the hypothesis that gender is embedded in the global contemporary society’s individual, interactional and institutional dimensions, this research proposes recognizing female employment and empowerment in major Italian audio-visual companies. A progressive increase in the representation of women in creative, productive and managerial positions within Italian television can create a greater understanding of the difficulties of being a working woman and provide the added value of a female presence in Italian audio-visual companies. In addition to official data, this article analyses the primary data of 30 in-depth interviews with TV producers, authors and managers of successful Italian television programmes. This methodology aims to trace a set of personal and professional career trajectories and their distinctive and innovative contributions to Italian audio-visual industries. My intention is to highlight which Italian production contexts are currently favourable to the empowerment of women workers in the television industry and outline future trends.
Une valse à mille temps: Para Cristina Robalo Cordeiro
Authors: Anacleto Marta Teixeira , André Carlos Ascenso , Pita António Pedro
Published: January 2023

Une Valse à mille temps é um volume de homenagem a Cristina Robalo Cordeiro. Ensaios, criação artística, testemunhos diversos traçam o percurso multifacetado da professora universitária, dos projetos que liderou no âmbito da francofonia e da lusofonia, da gestão universitária, da sua intervenção cívica, da sua experiência como escritora de ficção.
Exploratory Test of the Effectiveness of Educational Aid in Official Development Assistance
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Eun Mi
Published: January 2023

Conventional studies are limited in identifying the effectiveness of each country in seeking educational support. This study hypothesizes that educational aid through Official Development Assistance (ODA) is positively effected by ODA subprograms. It aims to identify the determinants of economic growth and the living standard levels in 15 Asian countries, focusing particularly on the education aid effects of Official Development Assistance (ODA). Two indexes were used: (1) the annual ODA grants to Korea, with aid type as the key independent variable; and (2) the human development index (HDI). The pooled OLS model, the fixed effects (FE) model, and a random effects (RE) model were analyzed. The results show that the economic and social impacts of ODA based on panel data were significant and that specific subprograms were more likely to directly affect HDI. In particular, the effect of aid on education was statistically significant. However, the findings show a negative impact which means it is difficult to estimate the short-term effectiveness of educational aid and it is nonlinear relation.
Biblioteca universitária como espaço de aprendizagem
Authors: Bem Roberta Moraes de , Bressane Júlia Miranda , Martins Lima Cristhiane , Pfleger Mariana Oliveira dos Santos
Published: January 2023

As bibliotecas universitárias têm por objetivo fornecer não só acesso à informação, mas também espaços colaborativos de aprendizagem e que propiciem a criação e o compartilhamento de conhecimento para a comunidade na qual está inserida. Para tanto, vêm adotando a Gestão do Conhecimento como ferramenta para a obtenção de vantagem competitiva. O objetivo deste estudo de caso é apresentar o diagnóstico e a avaliação do Módulo Espaços de Aprendizagem/Conhecimento do Framework GC@BU aplicado na Biblioteca Universitária da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (BU/UFSC). A análise dos elementos do Módulo citado (Serviços, Espaços e Infraestrutura de Redes e Tecnologias) demonstra que a BU/UFSC atende bem à maioria dos critérios definidos - especialmente em relação a serviços oferecidos e espaços de aprendizagem - porém carece de melhorias em alguns destes elementos e, mais especificamente, em relação às limitações tecnológicas, tanto de infraestrutura quanto de servidores da área.
Governança suportada por constructos da ciência da informação
Authors: Bastos Geraldino Gonçalves , Duque Cláudio Gottschalg
Published: January 2023

A ciência da informação com seu paradigma da interdisciplinar permite consubstanciar disciplinas de outras ciências a partir da análise das características e propriedades da informação, do fluxo informacional e das relações entre as entidades informacionais de um contexto, para que o usuário possa identificar, manifestar, interagir, armazenar, recuperar e integrar novos conceitos. Esta pesquisa objetiva analisar o uso da palavra Governança, a partir de circunstâncias históricas e acadêmicas que motivaram a utilização do termo nos diversos espaços informacionais abordados na revisão bibliográfica, considerando as circunstâncias coetâneas, tendências, aspectos cronológicos que modularam o termo para construir um modelo informacional que permita estabelecer espaços conversacionais entre ciência da informação e governança corporativa. A partir da revisão bibliográfica e da identificação e classificação dos termos, estruturou-se a relação interdisciplinar entre os conceitos, relações e propriedades identificados, para se caracterizar o potencial do uso do paradigma interdisciplinar da ciência da informação, com o qual se modelou ferramentas da arquitetura da informação dentro do espaço informacional pretendido. O estabelecimento de argumentos, aqui definidos como constructos, para estruturar formas de abordagem e arranjos de disciplinas de gestão através da ciência da informação, deve ser considerado como um ganho arquitetural para recuperação da informação sobre governança. Ganho que permite orientar os gestores sobre as formas de aplicar disciplinas diversas que conduzam ao estágio da governança. Benefício direto do uso da ciência da informação, que a partir da modelagem arquitetural potencializa a recuperação de informações para implantação de modelos de gestão, como é o caso da governança corporativa.
Análise bibliométrica da produção acadêmica em direitos humanos e população LGBT nas universidades brasileiras
Authors: Viana Azilton Ferreira , Da Cunha  Frota Maria Guiomar
Published: January 2023

O presente trabalho visa mapear e investigar a produção científica relativa a população de lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis e transexuais (LGBT) inserido na concepção teórica mais ampla sobre direitos humanos. O objetivo geral é mapear a produção científica nas universidades brasileiras. Os objetivos específicos assim se organizam: a) identificar as instituições que trabalham com a temática voltada para lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis e transexuais; b) identificar a formação dos pesquisadores que produzem sobre a temática. Para atingir os objetivos propostos será utilizada a análise bibliométrica nas teses e dissertações, com busca no repositório da Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações, sob a tutela do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia. Os dados coletados e analisados indicam haver uma movimentação em direção a uma consolidação das questões e necessidades da população LGBT, a partir da perspectiva dos direitos humanos.
Effect of Biologics on the Risk of Advanced-Stage Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Intestinal Cancer: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Seishima Ryo , Okabayashi Koji , Ikeuchi Hiroki , Uchino Motoi , Futami Kitaro , Noguchi Tatsuki , Ohge Hiroki , Iseki Yasuhito , Watanabe Kazuhiro , Itabashi Michio , Okamoto Kinya , Toiyama Yuji , Ogino Takayuki , Nakamura Masafumi , Yamada Kazutaka , Wakai Toshifumi , Sato Yu , Kimura Hideaki , Takahashi Kenichi , Hida Koya , Kinugasa Yusuke , Ishida Fumio , Okuda Junji , Daito Koji , Koyama Fumikazu , Ueno Hideki , Yamamoto Takayuki , Yamamoto Seiichiro , Hanai Tsunekazu , Maemoto Atsuo , Arakaki Junya , Komori Koji , Akagi Yoshito , Shida Dai , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Matsuda Keiji , Maeda Kiyoshi , Noake Toshihiro , Nezu Riichiro , Sasaki Shin , Hasegawa Junichi , Sunami Eiji , Kanemitsu Yukihide , Katsumata Kenji , Uehara Kei , Kiyomatsu Tomomichi , Suto Takeshi , Kazama Shinsuke , Yamada Takeshi , Goi Takenori , Ishihara Soichiro , Ajioka Yoichi , Sugihara Kenichi
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of biologics on the risk of advanced-stage inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated intestinal cancer from a nationwide multicenter data set.

METHODS:

The medical records of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) diagnosed with IBD-associated intestinal neoplasia (dysplasia or cancer) from 1983 to 2020 were included in this study. Therapeutic agents were classified into 3 types: biologics, 5-aminosalicylic acid, and immunomodulators. The pathological cancer stage was compared based on the drug used in both patients with CD and UC.

RESULTS:

In total, 1,042 patients (214 CD and 828 UC patients) were included. None of the drugs were significantly associated with cancer stage in the patients with CD. In the patients with UC, an advanced cancer stage was significantly associated with less use of biologics (early stage: 7.7% vs advanced stage: 2.0%, P < 0.001), 5-aminosalicylic acid, and immunomodulators. Biologic use was associated with a lower incidence of advanced-stage cancer in patients diagnosed by regular surveillance (biologics [−] 24.5% vs [+] 9.1%, P = 0.043), but this was not the case for the other drugs. Multivariate analysis showed that biologic use was significantly associated with a lower risk of advanced-stage disease (odds ratio = 0.111 [95% confidence interval, 0.034–0.356], P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:

Biologic use was associated with a lower risk of advanced IBD-associated cancer in patients with UC but not with CD. The mechanism of cancer progression between UC and CD may be different and needs to be further investigated.
Low Level of Hepatitis B Viremia Compared With Undetectable Viremia Increases the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Untreated Compensated Cirrhosis
Authors: Yang Jiwon , Choi Won-Mook , Shim Ju Hyun , Lee Danbi , Kim Kang Mo , Lim Young-Suk , Lee Han Chu , Choi Jonggi
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:

The initiation of antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B with compensated cirrhosis and low-level viremia (LLV; HBV DNA 15–2,000 IU/mL) remains controversial. We sought to compare the long-term outcomes of these untreated patients according to their viremic status.

METHODS:

Six hundred twenty-seven untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B with compensated cirrhosis were analyzed retrospectively. The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver-related clinical events, including hepatic decompensation, were compared between patients with LLV and undetectable HBV DNA. Patients who received antiviral treatment were censored during treatment initiation.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the patients was 54.7 years, 64.4% of whom were male. During the study period, 59 patients developed HCC (20 and 39 in the undetectable and LLV groups, respectively) with an annual incidence of 2.44/100 person-years. Multivariable analysis revealed that the LLV group was associated with a significantly higher risk of HCC (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.36, P = 0.002) than the undetectable group. In the 204 propensity score–matched cohort, the LLV group had a 2.16-fold greater risk of HCC than the undetectable group (P = 0.014). Liver-related clinical events occurred in 121 patients with an annual incidence of 5.25/100 person-years. Despite not reaching statistical significance, the LLV group tended to have a higher risk of liver-related events in the propensity score–matched cohort (hazard ratio: 1.14, P = 0.50).

DISCUSSION:

Compared with patients with undetectable HBV DNA, those with compensated cirrhosis and LLV had a significantly higher risk of HCC. Antiviral treatment should be advised for these patients.
Radioactive Concentrations in Chemical Fertilizers
Authors: Kim Gwang-Ho , Cho Jae-Hwan
Published: January 2023

Background: The aim of the present study was to determine radioactive concentrations in fertilizers known to contain essential nutrients. Results of this study could be used as basic data to monitor the impact of chemical fertilizers on the environment and public health. Nitrogen fertilizers, calcium fertilizers, sulfur fertilizers, phosphate acid fertilizers, and potassium chloride fertilizers were used in this study.Materials and Methods: Five chemical fertilizers were pulverized, placed in polyethylene containers, and weighed. The time to measure each specimen was set to be 3,600 seconds for a scintillator-based gamma-ray spectroscopy system. Concentration of gamma radionuclide was analyzed based on obtained spectra. At the end of the measurement, the spectrum file was stored and used to calculate radioactive concentrations using a gamma-ray spectrometer software.Results and Discussion: In the nitrogen fertilizer, 3.49 ± 5.71 Bq/kg of 137Cs, 34.43 ± 7.61 Bq/kg of 134Cs, and 569.16 ± 91.15 of 40K were detected whereas 131I was not detected. In the calcium fertilizer, 5.74 ± 4.40 Bq/kg of 137Cs (the highest concentration among all fertilizers), 22.37 ± 5.39 Bq/kg of 134Cs, and 433.67 ± 64.24 Bq/kg of 40K were detected whereas 131I was not detected. In the sulfur fertilizer, 347.31 ± 55.73 Bq/kg of 40K, 19.42 ± 4.53 Bq/kg of 134Cs, 2.21 ± 3.49 of 137Cs, and 0.04 ± 0.22 Bq/Kg of 131I were detected. In the phosphoric acid fertilizer, 70,007.34 ± 844.18 Bq/kg of 40K (the highest concentration among all fertilizers) and 46.07 ± 70.40 Bq/kg of 134Cs were detected whereas neither 137Cs nor 131I was detected. In the potassium chloride fertilizer, 12,827.92 ± 1542.19 Bq/kg of 40K was and 94.76 ± 128.79 Bq/kg of 134Cs were detected whereas neither 137Cs nor 131I was detected. The present study examined inorganic fertilizers produced by a single manufacturer. There might be different results according to the country and area from which fertilizers are imported. Further studies about inorganic fertilizers in more detail are needed to create measures to reduce 40K.Conclusion: Measures are needed to reduce radiation exposure to 40K contained in fertilizers including phosphoric acid and potassium chloride fertilizers.
Internal Dosimetry: State of the Art and Research Needed
Authors: Paquet Francois
Published: January 2023

Internal dosimetry is a discipline which brings together a set of knowledge, tools and procedures for calculating the dose received after incorporation of radionuclides into the body. Several steps are necessary to calculate the committed effective dose (CED) for workers or members of the public. Each step uses the best available knowledge in the field of radionuclide biokinetics, energy deposition in organs and tissues, the efficiency of radiation to cause a stochastic effect, or in the contributions of individual organs and tissues to overall detriment from radiation. In all these fields, knowledge is abundant and supported by many works initiated several decades ago. That makes the CED a very robust quantity, representing exposure for reference persons in reference situation of exposure and to be used for optimization and assessment of compliance with dose limits. However, the CED suffers from certain limitations, accepted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for reasons of simplification. Some of its limitations deserve to be overcome and the ICRP is continuously working on this. Beyond the efforts to make the CED an even more reliable and precise tool, there is an increasing demand for personalized dosimetry, particularly in the medical field. To respond to this demand, currently available tools in dosimetry can be adjusted. However, this would require coupling these efforts with a better assessment of the individual risk, which would then have to consider the physiology of the persons concerned but also their lifestyle and medical history. Dosimetry and risk assessment are closely linked and can only be developed in parallel. This paper presents the state of the art of internal dosimetry knowledge and the limitations to be overcome both to make the CED more precise and to develop other dosimetric quantities, which would make it possible to better approximate the individual dose.
Public Perception and Communication Patterns Pertaining to Nuclear Power in Korea: Focusing on the Transition Period from Pro-nuclear to De-nuclear Policy
Authors: Han Eunok , Choi Yoonseok
Published: January 2023

Background: An effective communication strategy for reducing conflicts in South Korea has been designed through the analysis of public perception and communication variables on nuclear power under the conditions of rapidly changing nuclear power policies.Materials and Methods: This study conducted both qualitative research through group discussions based on social psychology and quantitative research through surveys.Results and Discussion: Nuclear power plant (NPP) area residents in favor of nuclear power indicated higher levels of communication, safety perception, and contribution than those against it. NPP area residents trusted the civilian expert groups (18.3%) and local government (17.3%) the most, while metropolitan city residents trusted the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission and the Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety (20.7%) the most. In determining nuclear power policy, both the NPP area residents (18.1%) and metropolitan city residents (17.1%) prioritized safety, health, and the environment. While metropolitan city residents thought that energy security and economic growth (16.4%) were important, NPP area residents thought the current issue of spent fuel rods (14.1%) to be important.Conclusion: It is necessary for the nuclear power industry to have and actively implement communication and conflict resolution strategies based on the patterns obtained in the study results.
Managing Conservations Value to Enhance Tourist Electronic Word of Mouth for Rural Tourism Destinations
Authors: Johannes Johannes , Fachrosi Deci
Published: January 2023

Over the past few years, Indonesia has made various efforts to increase tourist visits. This study aims to examine the effect of experiential marketing on conservation value, the effect of experiential marketing on e-WoM (electronic Word of Mouth), and the mediating effect of customer value on the relationship between experiential marketing and e-WoM in rural conservation destinations. Hence, a survey was conducted to 125 visitors with structured questions and used PLS to reveal the relationship between experiential marketing on e-Wom, where customer conservation value has a mediation function. Thus, customersâ€™ conservation value will contribute to the marketing of rural tourism destinations. The results showed that experiential marketing positively and significantly affects conservation value, but it does not directly affect e-Wom unless mediated by customer conservation value. Therefore, this study suggests that destination managers and tourist guides maintain and continue improving the tourist experience and add conservation attributes to the destination. So, the tourist will comprehend the attributes through their online device. In doing so, they will be involved in marketing activities with e-WoM as the destination marketerâ€™s partner.
Political Connection, Auditor Quality, Family Ownership, and Earnings Management: Real and Accrual
Authors: Harianto Sandy
Published: January 2023

This study aims to explore the effect of political connections, external auditor quality, and family ownership on real and discretionary accrual earnings management practices in public companies in Indonesia. So far, previous studies have shown inconclusive and mixed results. The samples used in this study are companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the last 10 years (2010-2019) prior to the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study show that political connections have an effect on reducing both real and discretionary accrual earnings management practices in public companies. High quality external auditors have a significant effect on reducing discretionary accrual earnings management practices only. Meanwhile, the high level of family ownership has an effect on reducing real earnings management practices. The results of this study can be a consideration for public companies to appoint former ministers or high-ranking state officials as company directors or commissioners to suppress earnings management practices.
Factors Affecting Non-Government Organisationsâ€™ Financial Statement Fraud in South Africa: New Fraud Combined Theory Approach
Authors: Mvunabandi Jean Damascene , Nomlala Bomi Cyril
Published: January 2023

This article aims to obtain empirical evidence about the relationship between New Fraud Combined Theory with non-government organizationsâ€™ financial statement fraud in South Africa. The population of this thesis research comprised 87 staff from 30 chosen Non-Government organizations (NGOs). The sample size of 87 was calculated using Raosft Software. A convenience sampling technique was used to select the studyâ€™s respondents. This article adopted quantitative and descriptive survey research. A Likert questionnaire was designed and used as the research instrument for generating data from respondents. Robustness analysis was entirely performed using descriptive statistics. The result of this research indicated that all variables have a significant association with fraudulent financial statements among NGOs in the eThekwini region, South Africa. This article contributes to the body of knowledge: the significant association between auditing and financial statement fraud mitigation accentuates the new fraud combined theory which belies that effective corporate governance will significantly curb financial statement fraud among NGOs in the eThekwini region and beyond.
The Role of Job Satisfaction in Mediating the Quality of Work Life Effect on Employee Performance
Authors: Suci Rahayu Puji , Mas Nasharuddin , Risky Mochammad
Published: January 2023

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the role of quality of work life (QWL) in increasing job satisfaction and employee performance, including the ability of job satisfaction to mediate the effect of QWL on employee performance. This study uses a quantitative approach and the method used to analyze data is SEM-PLS. Data are obtained through questionnaires which are distributed to 45 employees of the Regional Development Planning, Research and Development Agency of Batu City. The results show that high quality of work life has an effect on increasing job satisfaction and employee performance. High job satisfaction has an effect on increasing employee performance. In addition, job satisfaction mediates the effect of quality of work life on employee performance, even though the mediating role is partial. The implication of the findings of this research is the importance of the leadership of the Regional Development Planning, Research and Development Agency of Batu City in balancing the interests of the organization and the personal lives of its employees to increase the level of employee satisfaction, so that the performance of employees and the organization is getting better.
Impact of Digital Transformation and Big Data Analytic Capabilities of The Indonesian Bank Profitability
Authors: Putra Muhammad Ananda
Published: January 2023

This study analyzed the impact of digital transformation (DT) and big data analytic capabilities (BDAC) on bank profitability, which is proxied by ROA and ROE. This study also examined the moderation effect of institutional ownership on digital transformation (DT) relationships on bank profitability. This research uses a quantitative approach with a panel data model. The sample of this study was 34 banks listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2021, with a total observation of 136 firm years. This research uses secondary data derived from annual reports and company financial reports. This study shows that big data analytic capabilities have no significant effect on bank profitability, which means that the impact of the application of technology is not immediately visible. This study shows that digital transformation decreased the companyâ€™s profitability. Institutional ownership failed to moderate the relationship between digital transformation on bank profitability. This finding implies the importance of companies being careful in investing in digital transformation and big data analytics because the costs outweigh the benefits in the short term.
Is Whistleblowing an Ethical Practice?
Authors: Shonhadji Nanang
Published: January 2023

Whistleblowing is susceptible to risks and ethical dilemmas in practice. It is not easy for members of an organization to become whistleblowers. The purpose of this study is to prove whether whistleblowing intention is a form of ethical practice. The empirical quantitative method was used for this study. The research samples were employees and auditors at the East Java Inspectorate. The use of Partial Least Square analysis techniques followed the collection of data through the distribution of questionnaires. The study results inform that whistleblowing intention was an ethical practice that was perceived and experienced by the whistleblower. Ethical sensitivity does not affect whistleblowing intention. In contrast, moral ethics, professional ethics, and ethical confidentiality affect whistleblowing intention. Ethical sensitivity has no effect because respondents believe that it is highly dependent on the sensitivity of the whistleblowerâ€™s attitude toward making decisions. The results of this study have contributed to strengthening the creation of a good whistleblowing system with definite legal protection guarantees provided by organizations and the state.
Synthesis Gas Production with Gasification Technology from Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Srimalanon Anotai , Kachapongkun Pongsakorn
Published: January 2023

This study aims to develop, test performance, and evaluate the environmental pollution of garbage fuel with gasification technology. Heat conduction from municipal solid waste (MSW) burning from the gasification process was studied to dispose of solid waste and produce energy for communities. There were four types of solid waste in the total amount of 5 kg (including 0.5 kg of charcoal and firewood, 1.5 kg of paper, 2.0 kg of leaf litter, 0.5 kg of plastic, and 0.5 kg of others) with 2 tested ranges of average humidity: 10–20% and 50–55%. It was found that all waste could be converted for gas production with different gas amounts. From the experiment, dried MSW with 10–15% moisture content produced synthesis gas compositions (mole percent) that were H2, CO2, N2, O2, and CH4 at 1.9–2.4, 1.8–3.2, 56.5–60.2, 3.4–4.6, and 1.2–1.6, respectively. When fuel gas composition at the equivalent ratio between 0.2–0.34 was obtained from the MSW burning test with 10–15% average humidity, MSW burning in various equivalent ratios resulted in different amounts of synthesis gas. In addition, the optimal amounts of CH4 and the heating value of the gas were in the equivalent ratio of 0.28, and the highest production efficiency of synthetic gas (ηg) was 33.46%.
Effects of Innovative Project Based Learning Model on Students' Knowledge Acquisition, Cognitive Abilities, and Personal Competences
Authors: Vidergor Hava E.
Published: January 2023

The current study addresses the limited research on knowledge acquisition in Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and assesses its development using a Multidimensional Curriculum Model (MdCM) among 563 elementary and secondary school stu-dents in Israel. The mixed-method approach involves a quantitative pre-post design, comparing intervention groups who are studying modules based on MdCM to control groups using traditional PjBL. The knowledge measured comprises three dimensions: declarative, procedural, and conditional. Qualitative measures, including semi-structured interviews and reflec-tive diaries, added information on student learning. Main findings indicated an effect of MdCM as a form of PjBL which showed significant differences between intervention and control groups in terms of total knowledge acquisition, particularly in procedural and conditional knowledge. Interviews and reflective diaries elaborated on the significant link between think-ing processes and knowledge acquisition, indicating that students perceived development of their cognitive abilities and personal competencies. In this study, implications for teaching using MdCM as a novel PjBL approach are discussed.
ENCIRCLING EDDY CURRENT TESTING PROBES FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF CLOSED LINEARLY EXTENDED OBJECTS
Authors: Semenov A. V.
Published: January 2023

In this article, using the example of multi-strand rope inspection, encircling eddy current testing (ECT) probes for non-destructive testing of closed linearly extended objects, for example, stay cables, ropeways or pipelines, are considered. These ECT probes can be divided into parts in the azimuthal direction, which increases the technological effectiveness of the control. The possibility of dividing the ECT probes into parts is provided by using of saddle-shaped measuring coils, saddle-shaped excitation coils or excitation coils of different radii. In addition, the considered ECT probes allow to increase the signal-to-noise ratio.
INTEGRATION OF QUANTITATIVE PHASE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL FLUCTUATIONS IN COHERENT MICROSCOPY
Authors: Semin P.  A. , Mikaeva S. A.
Published: January 2023

The work is devoted to the consideration of a new approach to the classification of living cells, which combines spatial and temporal fluctuations, quantitative indicators of the optical thickness of the cell, obtained using phase dynamic imaging. Five different indicators were used to evaluate the various methods: accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, reliability and statistical index (AUC). Various architectures were considered: single-path ResNet, two-way ResNet and three-way ResNet. The methods of early and late fusion were also compared using various indicators: morphology, a map of spatio-temporal fluctuations and/or a two-channel input. Combining morphology and spatial-temporal fluctuations map (triple path model) improves results from 85 % (morphology only) to 89 % (combining morphology and spatial-temporal fluctuations).
EVALUATION OF THE AGING OF BITUMEN-MASTIC INSULATION OF GAS PIPELINES ON THE BASE OF THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS CHANGING
Authors: Kren A. P. , Matsulevich O. V. , Gorichenko S. F. , Delendik M. N.
Published: January 2023

Phenomenological models for describing the process of straining of bitumen-mastic insulation used for protection of the natural gas pipelines from electrochemical corrosion is proposed. The viscoelastic characteristics of insulation at different temperatures and after aging are determined. It is shown that the viscosity and stiffness coefficients determined on the basis of the accepted rheological model of the Maxwell viscoelastic body can be used to assess the degree of degradation of insulation.
TECHNIQUE FOR OPERATIONAL CONTROL OF THE DEGREE OF CONTAMINATION OF MICROELECTRONICS SUBSTRATES WITH ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS
Authors: Moroz A. V. , Rumyantseva D. E. , Filimonov V. E. , Aleksandrov I. K.
Published: January 2023

A technique for ope rational control of the degree of contamination of microelectronic substrates with organic impurities is presented by the wetting angle of a controlled substrate by a drop of liquid. The technique consists in forming a drop of distilled water on the surface of the substrate under study, photographing the drop and using the resulting image, determining the relative roughness and degree of contamination of the substrate with organic impurities. The operability of the technique has been experimentally proved using the example of substrates made of glass, glass-ceramic and silicon. The deviation of measurements of substrate contamination measured by the proposed method relative to the data obtained by atomic force microscopy does not exceed 3 %. The technique allows, while increasing the accuracy of measuring the degree of contamination, to reduce the time of this control, while ensuring the safety of the controlled substrates. At the same time, to reduce the time of using specialized equipment for the purpose of monitoring the degree of contamination of the substrates.
GAME CONTROL OF A FILTER WITH A RANDOM JUMP STRUCTURE
Authors: Bukhalev V. A. , Skrynnikov A. A. , Boldinov V. A.
Published: January 2023

The game problem of synthesis of information-control algorithms of filtering of two opposing sides is considered. The opponents’ control objects are described by multidimensional linear stochastic recurrent equations. Each side controls the covariance of the output signals of its object and the covariance of additive signals in the channels of the enemy object meters. Covariances of noise signals of an object characterize the power of disturbances, and covariances of noise signals of meters characterize the power of interference.The goal of each player’s management is to reduce the filtering error of their system and at the same time increase the filtering error of the opponent’s system. The criterion of optimal control of one player is the minimax, and the other is the maximin of the average value of the quality indicator for a finite period of time. Quality indicators consist of a linear combination of three particular indicators, the first of which is the probability of one of the two states of the Markov jump structure, and the other two are restrictions on the probabilities of transitions of the Markov chain. Observation systems consist of structure indicators and meters of one-time coordinates. Each information-control algorithm is a set of five interconnected blocks: a structure classifier, a structure indicator, a regulator, a dispersiometer and a filter. The obtained information-control algorithms are described by a closed system of recurrent equations. The algorithms are based on the methods of the theory of multistep antagonistic games, the theory of systems with a random jump structure, stochastic dynamic programming and Bayesian filtering. An example of the construction of game information-control algorithms of two unmanned aerial vehicles of the opposing sides, aimed at the objects of the opponents, is considered.
Establishing metrological traceability for small molecule measurands in laboratory medicine
Authors: Seger Christoph , Kessler Anja , Taibon Judith
Published: January 2023

For molecules that can be well described metrologically in the sense of the definition of measurands, and which can also be recorded analytically as individual substances, reference measurement service traceability to a metrologically sound foundation is a necessity. The establishment of traceability chains must be initiated by National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) according to applicable standards; they are at the top and leading position in this concept. If NMIs are not in the position to take up this task, alternative approaches must be sought. Traceability initiatives established by in vitro device industry or academia must meet the quality standards of NMIs. Adherence to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) procedure 15193 must be a matter of course for the establishment of reference measurement procedures (RMPs). Certified reference material (CRM) characterization must be thorough, e.g., by the application of quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance measurements and by adherence to ISO 15194. Both for RMPs and CRMs Joint Committee for Traceability in Laboratory Medicine (JCTLM) listing must be the ultimate goal. Results must be shared in a transparent manner to allow other stakeholders including NMIs to reproduce and disseminate the reference measurement procedures.