bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Pilot Study of the Combination of Entinostat with Capecitabine in Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Millard Trish , Brenin Christiana , Humphrey Clare , Dhakal Ajay , Falkson Carla , Petroni Gina , Wages Nolan A. , Dillon Patrick
Published: February 2024

Background. Breast cancer has an unacceptably high recurrence rate when any residual disease is found following neoadjuvant treatment of high-risk disease. Based on clinical data suggesting an adjuvant role for epigenetic modifying agents in breast cancer and preclinical data suggesting synergistic activity of entinostat combined with capecitabine, we conducted a phase I, open-label study of these agents in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Both agents have published doses for use in combination therapy, but the agents had not previously been combined with each other in a human trial. Methods. A multisite phase I dose escalation study was performed at two academic centers. Patients with pretreated, HER2-negative MBC, and measurable disease were enrolled. Dual dose escalation was performed via a Bayesian partial order continual assessment method. Dose levels ranged from entinostat 3 mg to 5 mg and capecitabine 800 mg/m2 to 1000 mg/m2. Results. Thirteen patients with MBC and a median of 4 lines of prior therapy were enrolled across four dose level combinations. The most common toxicities were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and palmar-plantar dysesthesia, which were expected toxicities. No new safety signals were observed. One dose-limiting toxicity was observed, which did not exceed a prespecified toxicity rate of 25%. The median treatment duration was 2.37 months. No partial nor complete responses were observed. The study was halted early prior to entering an expansion phase, due to drug supply limitations. Conclusion. The tested dosing combinations of entinostat and capecitabine are likely safe in heavily pretreated metastatic breast cancer. This study’s clinical investigation of entinostat in breast cancer was halted, but drug development of this agent continues outside the US. There remains a need for postoperative adjuvant drug therapy for the subpopulation of breast cancer patients with high-risk residual cancer after curative therapy. This trial is registered with NCT03473639.
Psychometric Testing of HeLD‐14 in a Colombian Geriatric Population
Authors: Mafla Ana Cristina , Herrera-López Mauricio , Gallardo-Pino Carmen , Schwendicke Falk
Published: February 2024

Introduction. The objective of this study was to test the validity and reliability of the Colombian version of the Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD‐14) in older adults. Materials and Methods. A translation and validation study of HeLD‐14 was conducted on 384 non‐institutionalized older adults attending the Dental Clinic at Universidad Cooperativa from Pasto, Colombia. A cross‐cultural adaptation of a multidimensional HeLD‐14 was completed, and the psychometric properties of this scale were evaluated through a cross‐validation method using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Internal consistency was measured with Cronbach’s alpha (α) and Omega’s McDonald (ɷ). The statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results. The EFA demonstrated that a single‐factor structure with 11 items explained a cumulative 59.86% of the overall variance. The CFA confirmed that goodness of fit indices of this questionnaire had optimal adequateness (χ2S-B = 109.047; χ2S-B/(44) = 2.478, P = 0.001; non‐normed fit index = 0.901; comparative fit index = 0.908; root mean square error of approximation = 0.079 (90% CI (0.075, 0.083)); standardized root mean residual = 0.080). The coefficients indicated a high internal consistency for the total scale (α = 0.94; ɷ = 0.96). Conclusion. The developed adaptation of HeLD‐14 for the Colombian population, HeLD‐Col, is a unidimensional, reliable, and valid instrument to assess oral health literacy in older adults in Colombia.
Estimating the Climate‐Controlled Soil Parameters and the Distorted Mound Shape for Analysis of Stiffened Rafts on Expansive Soils
Authors: Abu-Ali Mohamed H. , El-Garhy Basuony , Boraey Ahmed , Al-Rashed Wael S. , Abdel-Daiem Hassan
Published: February 2024

A stiffened raft is considered one of the efficient foundation systems for lightweight structures resting on expansive soils. Most existing design methods of stiffened rafts require an analysis of the interaction between the raft and the distorted mound shape of the expansive soil. In most design methods, the distorted mound shape is represented in 2D by the edge distance and the maximum differential movement through a nonlinear equation. This study presents a rational method for estimating the climate‐controlled soil parameters that are used for estimating the 3D distorted mound shape of the expansive soil from the routine geotechnical tests’ results. These parameters include the equilibrium soil suction, the amplitude of surface suction change, the diffusion coefficient of the soil, the suction compression index, and the active zone depth. The proposed method is explained through its application to calculate the climate‐controlled parameters for expansive soils in different locations throughout Saudi Arabia. A parametric study is carried out using a suction diffusion and soil movements program called SUCH to investigate the effect of the climate‐controlled soil parameters and raft dimensions on the shape of the distorted mound, maximum differential movement, and edge moisture variation distance. The results of the parametric study are used in a regression analysis to develop an equation for estimating the edge moisture variation distance, which is considered a major barrier to using existing design methods of stiffened rafts as a function of the climate‐controlled soil parameters and the aspect ratio of the raft. The findings indicate that the aspect ratio of the raft and the climate‐controlled soil parameters have a significant effect on the shape of the distorted mound, its maximum differential movement, and its edge moisture variation distance. Additionally, the proposed equation of the edge moisture variation distance predicts comparable values to that estimated by the program SUCH.
Two Cases of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation and Fracture Secondary to Generalized Tonic‐Clonic Seizure
Authors: Dao Kevin Trong , Veedu Hari Kunhi Prasad , Ly Britney , Zalmay Neela , Hariprasad Rajashree , Eagan Michael , Ussef Najib
Published: February 2024

Dislocation of the glenohumeral joint secondary to generalized tonic‐clonic seizures is well documented in the medical literature, with posterior dislocation being most commonly described. Still, these occurrences tend to be rare and affect a minority of patients, and fractures associated with dislocations after seizures are even less common. As such, the management of these injuries tends to be quite varied, and there is a paucity of documented cases in the literature. Here, we would like to present two rare cases of anterior shoulder dislocation secondary to seizures, with one patient also sustaining a fracture of the proximal humerus. We would also like to discuss the management and outcomes that have been achieved, since these cases tend to occur in a small number of epileptic patients.
Response of Bacterial Community Structure in the Bulk Soil and Rice Straw Residues under Different Crop Rotation Systems
Authors: Dung Tran Van , Dong Nguyen Minh , Phuong Nguyen Minh , Thu Tat Anh , Long Vu Van
Published: February 2024

This study investigated the effect of upland crop rotation on soil bacterial community in bulk soil and rice straw residues in the alluvial soils. Soil samples and rice straw residues in two crop rotation models including triple rice and rice‐upland crops were collected for incubation under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Data were analyzed from Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis band patterns. The results showed that the composition and diversity of communities colonizing the rice straw residues differed from those inhabiting the bulk soil. The bacterial community composition and diversity were only moderately affected by rice straw residues in the bulk soil. Especially, this study indicated that the composition of the bacterial community associated with the bulk soil and rice straw residues was dynamic in two incubation conditions (aerobic or anaerobic) and the different crop rotation models. The findings of this study demonstrated that the bacterial diversity was not affected by the difference in continuous paddy rice cultivation compared to the upland crop rotation system.
Modified Gegen Qinlian Decoction Ameliorates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Inhibiting Ferroptosis via Nrf2/GPX4 Pathway
Authors: Huang Jinke , Zhang Jiaqi , Liu Zhihong , Ma Jing , Wang Fengyun , Tang Xudong
Published: February 2024

Objective. Ferroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, is considered a novel target for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to explore whether modified Gegen Qinlian decoction (MGQD) ameliorates UC in mice via mediating ferroptosis. Methods. Mice with dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced colitis were administered with MGQD for seven days. Subsequently, iron, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. ELISA and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and tight junction proteins, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy was used to reveal mitochondrial morphology. Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses were used to assess the expression levels of the proteins of Nrf2/GPX4 pathway. The docking affinity of MGQD and Nrf2 was assessed using AutoDock Vina 1.1.2. Results. Ferroptosis was identified in mice with UC, as demonstrated by mitochondrial disruption, MDA and ROS production, iron overload, decrease in GSH level, and abnormal expression of core marker proteins of ferroptosis. After MGQD treatment, these characteristic changes of ferroptosis were significantly reversed, along with concomitant activation of the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis revealed that MGQD had a high affinity for Nrf2. Conclusion. MGQD may ameliorate UC by inhibiting ferroptosis via the activation of Nrf2/GPX4 pathway. This study provided new insights into the application of MGQD complementary therapy for UC.
Dynamic Properties and Dynamic Response Model of Jointed Granites by Cyclic Loading
Authors: Ding Xiaobin , Zhao Junxing , Dong Yaojun
Published: February 2024

The present study investigates the dynamic properties of granite samples with varying degrees of defects through triaxial cyclic loading experiments conducted under different conditions, including varied confining pressures, loading frequencies, dynamic stress amplitudes, and number of cycles, and the dynamic response model of granite samples influenced by the confining pressure and frequency are constructed. The results show that the dynamic elastic modulus of granite increases, but its dynamic damping ratio decreases as the confining pressure increases. The dynamic elastic modulus and dynamic damping ratio of the granite increase as increasing frequency. The dynamic elastic modulus of granite increases with the increasing dynamic stress amplitude while its dynamic damping ratio decreases. The dynamic elastic modulus and dynamic damping ratio of granite decreases with an increasing number of cycles. The modified Duncan–Chang model can well describe the dynamical behavior of granite influenced by the confining pressure and frequency. The correlation coefficients of the modified model reached 0.98. It is worth saying that the correlation coefficient of the model is low at 20 Hz frequency. It indicates that frequency has a strong effect on the dynamic response of granite compared with the confining pressure. These data and models will be applied to the next step of detection and prediction of the tunnel rock stress state.
A Novel Ultra-Miniaturized Angularly Stable Frequency Selective Surface for L-Band Shielding Applications
Authors: Kanagasabai Malathi , Ramadoss Shini , Viswanathan Lavanya , Mohammed Gulam Nabi Alsath , Shanmuganathan Shanmathi , Palaniswamy Sandeep Kumar
Published: February 2024

This paper presents a novel ultraminiaturized frequency selective surface (FSS) for L-band electromagnetic shielding applications. A basic square loop incorporated with folded arms in the top layer constructs the single-layer FSS design. Band-stop characteristics for the entire L-band operating frequency ranging from 1 GHz to 2 GHz are offered by the proposed design. An ultraminiaturized profile of 0.028λο × 0.028λο is achieved by the designed FSS, where λο corresponds to the lowest operating frequency, achieving at least 32.1% miniaturization when compared to the state-of-the-art FSS designs in the literature. Polarization insensitivity with a peak shielding effectiveness of 45.4 dB is manifested by the rotational symmetry of the proposed design. The proposed FSS exhibits excellent angular stability performance up to 80° with a frequency deviation of less than 1%. The equivalent circuit model helps to understand the working principle of the proposed FSS. The experimental results of the designed FSS prototype agree well with the simulation results. Hence, the proposed spatial filter is a suitable candidate for enhancing security in wireless communication at the carrier frequencies of GPS systems.
Oral Health and Lifestyle Factors in Rural Adults of Jharkhand, India
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Anubhuti  , Gautam Abhishek , Khan Ambar , B Anita , Karmacharya Punit
Published: February 2024

Background. There is a lack of health care facilities and poor oral health awareness among the rural adult population of Jharkhand which may significantly influence oral health status and lifestyle scores. Aim. To assess the oral hygiene status, lifestyle factors, and various risk factors associated with poor lifestyle scores in the rural adult population of Jharkhand. Materials and Methods. This cross‐sectional study included 400 rural adults (35–44 years) populations. Face‐to‐face interviews were used to collect sociodemographic data and data on oral hygiene practices. Lifestyle factors were assessed using Health Practice Index (HPI). Oral health status was assessed using the oral health assessment proforma provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). Results. A significantly higher (p value < 0.0001) prevalence of tobacco consumption was reported by males (94.0%) compared to females (4.0%). The males (54.0%) reported significantly higher (p value < 0.0001) poor lifestyle scores compared to females (38.0%). A significantly higher (p value < 0.0001) number of oromucosal lesions (13.0%) was found in males compared to females (1.0%). There was a significant difference (p value < 0.0001) in the oral hygiene status between males and females with majority of males (60.0%) having poor oral hygiene. A bivariate analysis was performed, and unadjusted odds ratio was computed. The factors that became significant were then entered into logistic regression model (enter method). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that education (OR = 0.3, p value = 0.003), systemic diseases/long‐term medication (OR = 2.9, p value = 0.004), tobacco consumption (OR = 2.9, p value = 0.006), oral hygiene status (OR = 2.4, p value = 0.007), and dental caries (OR = 2.9, p value = 0.004) were significant predictors of poor lifestyle scores. Conclusion. The rural adult population in Jharkhand has poor oral hygiene status and poor lifestyle scores. It is important to raise awareness regarding good oral hygiene and the negative effects of tobacco consumption. The dental visit should be encouraged, and the concept of preventive care needs to be instilled.
“E se fez a luz”: a revelação da memória pela luz fotográfica em Regresso ao Éden, de Paco Roca
Authors: Maia William , Mantovani Juliana
Published: February 2024

Paco Roca is known for approach the theme of memory in his comic-books. In Regresso ao Éden (2022), the narrative of memory is told through the photos present in the album. In this regard, the objective of this work is to analyze how the author uses the memory through the photographs of the comic-book, using its structure to configure a graphic composition that is similar to an analog camera. In this perspective, it is important to analyze the thematic and structural dialogues between the medias from the perspective of the photographic act and the relations involving the affect issue of the memory and loss. In addition, it will be necessary to consider the photoliterary studies to investigate the meanings that the photos generate in the comic-book and resume the intermedia. Thus, these studies will contribute to the dialogue between photography and comics, aiming to verify their complementarity.
A Gibiteca Stan Lee: Uma articulação entre quadrinhos, leitura e temas transversais
Authors: Simões Alex Caldas , Clementino Jehíza Kiister , Rocha João Vitor do Vale da , Bertazo Kedson de Oliveira
Published: February 2024

Uma Gibiteca é um espaço de socialização de leituras de quadrinhos, bem como de organização, seleção e aquisição de HQs (NOGUEIRA, 2015). É um estímulo à leitura multimodal, à crítica e à reflexão à indústria cultural. Relatamos aqui a experiência de implementação da Gibiteca itinerante Stan Lee na cidade de Venda Nova do Imigrante (ES).  O projeto articulou os quadrinhos aos temas transversais propostos pelos PCN, às datas comemorativas do ano letivo escolar e às temáticas escolares relevantes. Aqui a HQ é um objeto interdisciplinar (JAPIASSÚ, 1976) e integrador das disciplinas. Como resultados parciais do projeto temos: (a) a constituição de um acervo representativo de HQs, cujo critério foi abordar os temas transversais; e (b) a realização de oficinas de leitura sobre o mês da mulher, tendo como base a alfabetização dos quadrinhos (VERGUEIRO, 2009), onde sua linguagem (RAMOS, 2009) foi apresentada. Tivemos como objeto de estudo as HQs Mulher-Maravilha: Deuses e Mortas e Mafalda: feminino singular. A proposta se desenvolveu na biblioteca da escola parceira e revelou ser um instrumento relevante para discussão dos temas transversais e do currículo oculto. A leitura da HQs mobilizou conhecimentos de leitura, sociedade e texto.
Histórias em quadrinhos como manifestações do movimento punk: uma análise de RanXerox
Authors: Chaves Geovano Moreira
Published: February 2024

The Comics correspond to spaces for manifestations of the punk movement, to the same extent as other forms of languages and artistic manifestations, associated with politics, ideologies and aesthetics, however, they do not have the same notoriety in this aspect, and, therefore, through from RanXerox's analyses, it is postulated that the punk movement was not only used as narrative and inspiration in comics, but that the punk movement was also constituted through comics.
Predatory influence of dragonfly larvae and water scorpions on eggs and tadpoles of Indosylvirana temporalis (Anura: Ranidae)
Authors: Mogali Santosh M. , Shanbhag Bhagyashri A. , Saidapur Srinivas K.
Published: February 2024

We assessed in the laboratory the vulnerability of Bronzed frog (Indosylvirana temporalis) eggs and tadpoles to two potential sit-and-wait insect predators, larvae of a dragonfly (Pantala flavescens; Odonata: Libellulidae) and adult water scorpions (Laccotrephes sp.; Hemiptera: Nepidae). We exposed a series of different developmental stages of I. temporalis (from eggs to metamorphic climax stage) to these two predators. The results of this study showed that larvae of P. flavescens preyed on eggs and tadpoles of I. temporalis but only to stage 36. Laccotrephes sp. did not prey on eggs of I. temporalis but on tadpoles of all stages (22 to 42). This difference in predation rate was likely due to the gape size of the predators. The larvae of P. flavescens are gape-limited and cannot prey on larger tadpoles (above stage 36). Adults Laccotrephes sp. are non-gape-limited predators, using a segmented beak to pierce I. temporalis and suck the body fluids. They captured small to large tadpoles by quickly grabbing and immobilizing them using the front pair of raptorial legs. The present study shows that both predatory insects are a threat to I. temporalis at early and later stages of larval development.
O elemento subjetivo no tipo de Improbidade Administrativa: uma análise comparativa das alterações promovidas pela Lei Nº 14.230/2021
Authors: Batista Letícia Mara Galvão
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de analisar as alterações introduzidas pela Lei nº 14.230/2021 na Lei de Improbidade Administrativa (Lei nº 8.429/92) no tocante à extinção da modalidade culposa e à consequente exigência de dolo para caracterização do ato ímprobo. Almejou-se apresentar tal análise sob uma perspectiva comparativa, baseada no cotejo entre as formas com que o elemento subjetivo de improbidade administrativa é previsto na redação original e na redação atual da referida lei. A metodologia adotada consistiu na pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho exploratório e qualitativo, composta pela consulta e exame de obras de doutrina jurídica, de legislação e de julgamentos de tribunais superiores. Ao fim do estudo, considerou-se que a supressão da forma culposa de improbidade se mostra como decisão acertada, dado a culpa ser incompatível com a premissa de má-fé que norteia o conceito de improbidade, conforme depreendido pela etimologia do termo. Por outro lado, concluiu-se que a nova exigência de que a vontade do agente esteja orientada à consecução de um objeto específico cinge em demasia o elemento subjetivo necessário para configuração do ato ímprobo, incorrendo-se no risco de inviabilizar a aplicação da própria lei.
Lipid‐Lowering Therapy and Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Bétrisey Sylvain , Haller Moa Lina , Efthimiou Orestis , Speierer Alexandre , Del Giovane Cinzia , Moutzouri Elisavet , Blum Manuel R. , Aujesky Drahomir , Rodondi Nicolas , Gencer Baris
Published: February 2024

Background

There is debate over whether statins increase risk of hemorrhagic stroke, so we assessed current evidence, including data from new statin trials and trials of nonstatin low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL‐C)– and triglyceride‐lowering therapies.

Methods and Results

We performed a systematic review of large randomized clinical trials (≥1000 patients with ≥2 years follow‐up) of LDL‐C–lowering therapy (statin, ezetimibe, and PCSK‐9 [proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9] inhibitor) and triglyceride‐lowering therapy (omega‐3 supplements and fibrate) that reported hemorrhagic stroke as an outcome. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to July 2, 2021 and updated a meta‐analysis of cardiovascular statin trials published in 2012. Among our several subgroup analyses, we looked at difference depending on stroke status and also depending on age. We identified 37 trials for LDL‐C lowering (284 301 participants) and 11 for triglyceride lowering (120 984 participants). Overall, we found a higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke for LDL‐C lowering, risk ratio (RR) 1.16 (95% CI, 1.01–1.32,
P
=0.03). For statins (33 trials, 216 258 participants), RR=1.17 (95% CI, 1.01–1.36); for PCSK‐9 inhibitors (2 trials, 46 488 participants), RR=0.86 (95% CI, 0.43–1.74); and for ezetimibe (2 trials, 21 555 participants), RR=1.14 (95% CI, 0.64–2.03). In statin trials of patients with previous stroke/transient ischemic attack, RR was 1.46 (95% CI, 1.05–2.04), and in trials with mean age ≥65 years old, RR=1.34 (95% CI, 1.04–1.73) (
P
int
=0.14 and
P
int
=0.23 respectively); for triglyceride lowering (11 trials, 120 984 participants), RR=1.05 (95% CI, 0.86–1.30).

Conclusions

We found evidence for a small increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke events with LDL‐C–lowering therapies but no clear evidence for triglyceride‐lowering therapies.

Registration

URL:
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero
; Unique identifier: CRD42021275363.
The pragmatics of communicating threat and constructing the future in the discourse of the Iranian Supreme Leader
Authors: Basarati Ali , Zohrabi Fateme
Published: February 2024

The paper aims at studying how the discourse of the Iranian Supreme Leader communicates threat and how it presents the reality of Iran’s future in light of policy options. Our data comes from 50 speeches of the Iranian Supreme Leader, delivered between 2005–2020. Adopting the Proximisation Theory, we indicate that spatial and axiological threats are conceptualised in the SL’s discourse as encroaching upon the present and future to impact the Islamic Republic of Iran. But, at the same time, the SL’s discourse depicts the impact consequences as relatively remote from Iran’s present and possible to materialise in the future space provided that certain preliminary circumstances are fulfilled. In this regard, aiming to neutralise the construed threats, the SL’s discourse depicts the privileged vision of the future space involving hortatory preemptive policies. We indicate that the SL’s discourse employs the construal of threats to necessitate and justify taking up future-building preemptive policies.
Process-Based Attribution of Summer Upper-Tropospheric Temperature Related to the South Asian Summer Monsoon
Authors: Wu Qingyuan , Li Qingquan , Hu Xiaoming , Sun Xiaoting
Published: February 2024

Using the ERA5 reanalysis data and the Climate Feedback Response Analysis Method (CFRAM), we attribute the mechanism of summer upper-tropospheric temperature (UTT) variations in the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) region to several external forcing and internal feedback processes. The summer UTT in the SASM region is dominated by two modes. The first empirical orthogonal function (EOF) mode (EOF1) is a monopolar warming pattern, and the second EOF mode (EOF2) shows a meridional dipole pattern. CFRAM results show that summer UTT anomalies are mainly attributed to cloud feedback and nonradiative processes of atmospheric dynamics (ATD) and surface-related processes. For EOF1, ocean heat storage and partial cloud feedback processes contribute most UTT anomalies over the Indian Ocean. The ATD increases the UTT over East Asia through the adiabatic warming caused by anomalous anticyclone in the upper troposphere. The formation of EOF2 is closely linked to the ATD, while the cloud process partially compensates for the excessive changes in UTT caused by the ATD. The South Asian high and its circulation in the midlatitude region are significantly enhanced. The anomalous anticyclone over northern East Asia along with the anomalous easterly wind on the south side of the South Asian high favors increased warm advection and adiabatic heating, contributing to the warming of UTT. Meanwhile, adiabatic cooling resulting from the atmospheric ascent in the middle and upper troposphere leads to UTT cooling over the Indian Ocean. The quantitative attribution of UTT has great implications for better understanding future SASM variation.

Significance Statement

The purpose of this study is to understand the physical mechanisms of upper-tropospheric temperature (UTT) changes in the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM). Although previous studies have examined temperature variation from the perspective of atmospheric circulation, there has been limited investigation into the influence of various feedback processes. Our study reveals that the summer UTT in the SASM region is dominated by monopolar and meridional dipole modes. Utilizing a climate feedback–response analysis method, we attribute the UTT anomalies in the SASM region to the cloud feedback, oceanic heat storage, and atmospheric dynamics processes, and explore the physical mechanisms of their effects. These results have important implications for the better prediction of monsoon variability.
How Beneficiaries Become Sources of Normative Control
Authors: Chu James
Published: February 2024

Organizations can motivate and coordinate work by socializing members to internalize organizational values. Existing theories posit that organizations achieve normative control through encapsulation, wherein peers and managers are primary sources of members’ socialization. Drawing on ethnographic data from a not-for-profit school, I show how an external actor—beneficiaries—can become a source of normative control. I develop a multistage process that explains how teachers were socialized by parents, specifically by hearing these parent beneficiaries narrate their needs; engaging in collective storytelling about beneficiaries; experiencing episodic shaming centered on how teachers’ daily performance met (or did not meet) beneficiaries’ needs; and receiving validation from beneficiaries. Because these sequential stages establish beneficiaries as sources of control through social interactions set in specific times and places, and establish shared emotional states among organizational members, I theorize that these stages compose a ritual of integration. Although teachers initially arrived at the school with heterogeneous values, this ritual led many of them to internalize the organizational value of self-sacrifice. Teachers who were unmoved by parents’ stories or came to see parents as exploitative did not internalize this value, and they tended to exit the organization. This study reveals how normative control can arise not only through socialization from in-group members but also from ritual interactions with and about beneficiaries.
“I’m in a Good Position to Advocate Now”: Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals Recipients’ Deployment of Navigational Capital and Brokerage in the D.C. Metropolitan Region
Authors: Getrich Christina M. , Ortez-Rivera Ana , Umanzor Delmis , Burdette Alaska
Published: February 2024

During its decade-plus of existence, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) has concretely changed recipients’ incorporation trajectories and facilitated their transition into adulthood. Because it was established by Executive Order, though, DACA has always had an uncertain future. Since 2017, DACA recipients have endured a rollercoaster of lawsuits and court decisions that have evoked profound psychological distress. Yet during this time, they have also developed strategies for negotiating ongoing uncertainty and promoting immigrants’ collective well-being. We present results from a longitudinal (2016–2021) study of DACA recipients in the D.C. Metropolitan region, which encompasses multiple jurisdictions with different local policies. Applying a community cultural wealth (CCW) framework, we demonstrate that DACA recipients have become adept at leveraging place-based navigational capital into everyday acts of brokerage performed for more legally precarious family and community members. DACA recipients promote collective well-being specifically by brokering access to services, promoting household security, and developing innovative advocacy strategies. Results underscore the importance of policies to address immigrants’ exclusion at multiple levels and to ensure that DACA recipients are able to continue performing these critical acts of brokerage.
Pharmaceutical Care in Mental Health: Pharmacists’ Barriers, Collaborations, Attitudes, and Perceptions
Authors: Iheanacho Chinonyerem O. , Tugbobo Adepeju Oluwaseyi , Eze Uchenna I. H.
Published: February 2024

Background:

Pharmaceutical care is an essential component of mental healthcare.

Objectives:

The study assessed pharmacists’ collaborations, barriers, perceptions on therapeutic relationships and attitudes toward pharmaceutical care to persons with mental illness.

Methods:

A questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 175 pharmacists in a Nigerian state via purposive sampling. Average mean score of >3 (±SD) was considered positive attitude toward pharmaceutical care, and positive for respondents’ perception of pharmacists-patient relationship during consultations. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0 for descriptive statistics.

Results:

A total of 140 (80.0%) respondents participated in the study. Access to patients’ medical records 90 (64.3%) was the major barrier to the provision of pharmaceutical care to persons with mental illness. Almost half of the study participants 69 (49.3%) desired collaboration with only general practitioners and psychiatrists. Only 44 (31.4%) had full co-operation from their desired collaborators. Average score for respondents’ attitude toward provision of pharmaceutical care to the patients, and perception of pharmacist-patient relationship were 4.5 (±0.7) and 3.8 (±0.9) respectively.

Conclusions:

Study participants’ attitude toward pharmaceutical care, and perception on therapeutic relationship in persons with mental disorder were positive. Lack of access to patients’ records mostly hindered provision of pharmaceutical care, and full collaboration with other mental health experts was mostly lacking. Appropriate policies are required to improve these vital components of mental healthcare for desired outcomes.
Working with pride in the shadow of shame: Emotional dissonance and identity work during a corporate scandal
Authors: Frandsen Sanne , Grant Johanne , Kärreman Dan
Published: February 2024

The relationship between emotions and identity work is well established, yet the dynamic between emotional dissonance and identity work remains under-researched in organizational studies. We explore this relationship in the context of organizational scandal, examining the required and experienced emotions of organizational members when ‘working in the shadow of shame’. Drawing on an in-depth ethnographic study of Danske Bank collected at the peak of its money-laundering scandal, the article makes two contributions to the emerging interest in the intertwined nature of emotions and identity in organizations. First, we challenge the literature on emotional dissonance by demonstrating that employees do not attempt to resolve or reduce their emotional dissonance, but instead sustain it. Second, we advance the literature on identity work by showing how emotional dissonance can be understood as a trigger and resource for strategic and preferred identity work to maintain a positive social identity and self-identity.
COVID-19, Economic Package and Indian Stock Market: An Event Analysis
Authors: Dahal Mahesh , Das Joy , Sangma Amit
Published: February 2024

The present study is an attempt to analyse the behaviour of securities around the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the declaration of an economic package by the government of India. In this study, daily prices of securities constituting the BSE 100 index are considered as these securities are highly traded and their trading impact would immediately reflect on the index. To present a sector-specific analysis, the securities are further classified based on sectors and are analysed using the event study methodology. Average abnormal returns (AARs) and cumulative average abnormal returns (CAARs) for overall market and for each sector have been calculated and their significance have been tested using parametric T-statistics, standardised cross-sectional test and non-parametric sign test. Based on the analysis, the study concluded that it was not the pandemic but the actions towards controlling the pandemic that caused a negative impact on the Indian stock market. The economic package declared by the government of India to boost the economy also turned out to be futile and failed in achieving its objectives. Among the sectors, only the technology sector has been positively impacted by the pandemic. The outcome of the study would be beneficial to the trading community in identifying the sectors/securities that would act as hedging in the pandemic situations.

JEL Codes: E44, G1, G14, G18
A novel method for measuring the width and angle of corrosion in Hall thrusters using three-dimensional point cloud
Authors: Zhou Zhi-Feng , Wu Lie-Quan , Wang Chong-Yang
Published: February 2024

Hall thrusters are electric propulsion devices that are widely used in modern spaceflight. To obtain the critical corrosion data effectively and accurately during long-life tests of Hall thrusters, this paper proposes an automated corrosion measurement method based on three-dimensional point cloud technology. This method uses binocular structured light scanning method to obtain surface point cloud data. The point cloud topology relationship of these disordered data is also established by KD-tree and radius filtering. The base plane is determined according to the average of the outer circle plane in the discharge chamber, and the original point cloud data is sliced transversely and longitudinally. The point cloud of section data is extracted and the corrosion width data is obtained according to the round hole feature extraction and center of circle calculation. The corrosion angle is calculated according to the angle between the straight line and the normal of the section. The proposed method has been verified and the results show that the overall error accuracy is within 60 μm, which meets the requirements for automatic measurement of Hall thruster corrosion. It is a real and effective method to obtain the critical corrosion data during long-life tests of Hall thrusters.
Reconceptualising Sexual Infidelity Provocation: New Anglo-Scottish Reform Proposals
Authors: Wake Nicola , Reed Alan
Published: February 2024

The Scottish Law Commission has recently confirmed in its Eleventh Programme of Reform, published in May 2023, the continuation of its medium-term project to examine the law of homicide. This includes a review of sexual infidelity killings and provocation as a partial defence to murder, or otherwise. It embraces a critique of whether and, if so, how any necessary proposals for modernising the law in this sensitive and important area should be made. A Discussion Paper has previously been published for examination. Against this backdrop, we analyse whether sexual infidelity ought to be retained in extant Scots law, as one of only two relationally relevant qualifying triggers. In November 2023, the Law Commission in England and Wales announced its forthcoming review of domestic homicide given contemporary understandings of the impact of domestic abuse. We provide novel insights into Anglo-Scottish law to seek to recalibrate the understanding of coercive/controlling behaviour in the contextualisation of sexual infidelity killings. Our review highlights the ways in which allegations of (actual or perceived) sexual infidelity may be symptomatic of coercive control through consideration of recent case law, and via the lens of Monckton-Smith's eight stages to femicide. A risk assessment is utilised to demonstrate the extent to which victims of coercive controlling behaviour have their capacity for action delimited, and how this should inform deliberations in cases where the coercively controlled individual kills in response. A novel and original new template is promulgated for provocation reform predicated de novo on qualifying triggers of domestic abuse and gross breach of trust and with a part-justificatory – part excusatory standardisation. It is suggested that a new nomenclature and typology is required as extant Scottish law on provocation is out of step with contemporary social mores, and the law in England and Wales does not adequately address contextual factors, such as, ethnicity, culture, religion, sexuality, disability, and migrant status, which impact on a domestic abuse victim's capacity for action. It is further propounded that a social entrapment lens, drawing on initiatives crystallised from New Zealand and Australian academician perspectives, ought to be enacted as part of urgently needed effective remedial legislation.
Coaching Teachers in Document-Based History Instruction: Practices That Support Teacher Facilitation of Student Discourse
Authors: Reisman Abby , Jay Lightning Peter
Published: February 2024

Instructional coaching is increasingly regarded as an essential feature of professional development, but no research exists on content-specific instructional coaching for history teachers. The study examines data from a coaching program in which history teacher leaders served as novice coaches for their colleagues. We found that coached teachers, as a whole, improved in discussion facilitation. Case analysis of two successful and two less successful coach–teacher pairings revealed that successful coaches were more likely to focus on eliciting students’ argumentative discourse whereas less successful coach planning sessions focused on discrete historical content knowledge and the disciplinary heuristics of historical thinking. It appears that coaching that emphasized a conceptual redirection toward inquiry and a pedagogical toolkit for fostering student discourse was more closely tied to growth in discussion facilitation and opportunities for student historical reasoning than a coaching approach more narrowly focused on historical concepts.
Growing Concern About Unsheltered Homelessness Among Veterans: Clinical Characteristics and Engagement in Health Care Services
Authors: Kinney Rebecca L. , Szymkowiak Dorota , Tsai Jack
Published: February 2024

Objectives:

Veteran homelessness has declined in the past decade, but the proportion of unsheltered homeless veterans has increased. We identified characteristics of unsheltered homelessness in a large contemporary veteran cohort and examined outpatient and inpatient encounters before and after intake to US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) homeless programs.

Methods:

National data from the Homeless Operations Management Evaluation System (HOMES) database and the Corporate Data Warehouse were analyzed on 191 204 veterans experiencing housing instability from January 2018 through December 2021. We used hierarchical multivariate logistic regressions to model associations between sheltered status and veteran correlates. Repeated-measures analysis of variance assessed changes in care utilization after intake in homeless programs.

Results:

Age <50 years (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3; 95% CI, 1.2-1.4), Hispanic ethnicity (OR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3), some college education (OR = 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1), and a bachelor’s degree (OR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.2) were associated with veteran unsheltered homelessness. Unsheltered veterans were more likely to have a VA service-connected disability (OR = 1.4; 95% CI, 1.4-1.5), military sexual trauma (OR = 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1), and/or combat exposure (OR = 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1). Unsheltered and sheltered homeless veterans had an increase in outpatient encounters and a decrease in inpatient care after intake to the VA homeless program.

Conclusions:

Contemporary unsheltered homeless veterans are younger and Hispanic with some college education. Innovative public health approaches that better engage and reduce barriers to entry need to be tested for a diverse unsheltered homeless population.
kNOw Your History KNOw Yourself: Fugitive Praxes of Black Joy During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Wilson Asif , McMillian Rachel
Published: February 2024

Set against the backdrop of anti-Blackness and the COVID-19 pandemic, this study explored the context and emergence of Black Joy as a group of Black elders and youth co-designed and implemented a social studies curriculum rooted in the exploration of Black history in their local community. The co-authors utilized kitchen table talk methodologies to illuminate the ideological, pedagogical, curricular, and spatial praxes of several youth and elders who designed and taught the curriculum. Findings from this study reveal the ways that Black Joy functions as ideological rememberance of social movements, pedagogical and curricular praxes rooted in transformation, and spatial contextualizations of education that embody love, community, and the imagination. The co-authors conclude with recommendations for K-12 educators to utilize the conceptualization of Black Joy put forth in this study to (a) learn from and integrate Black social movements into their praxes and (b) develop intergenerational relationships with Black storytellers and their stories.
Perceived Destination Restorative Qualities in Wellness Tourism: The Role of Ontological Security and Psychological Resilience
Authors: Liu Biqiang , Kralj Anna , Moyle Brent , He Mang , Li Yaoqi
Published: February 2024

Scholarship on wellness tourism has experienced exponential growth. Despite this, limited studies have explicitly examined how the perceived destination restorative qualities of a wellness tourism destination facilitate psychological recovery. Findings from a survey with 942 Chinese wellness tourists revealed perceived destination restorative qualities positively influenced psychological recovery, increasing ontological security, with the effect diminishing as individual resilience increased. This research provides conceptual clarity on the intricate relationship between perceived destination restorative qualities and psychological recovery, highlighting the critical role of wellness tourism for alleviating stress, and threats experienced in everyday life. Future studies should conduct longitudinal studies focused on the psychological recovery of wellness tourists.
“Parties Are the Supreme Mentors of the Nation”: Appreciations for Parties and Partisanship in China, 1895–1920
Authors: Jiang Dongxian
Published: February 2024

Conventional narratives hold that parties are “the orphans of political philosophy” and that systematic normative justifications of parties and partisanship have emerged only in recent years in the West. This article aims to show that when antiparty sentiments were prevalent in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Western societies, a systematic justification of party politics existed in China. Western antipartyism in that time shifted from an older accusation that parties were divisive and subversive to a “progressive antipartyism” that portrayed parties as elitist and antidemocratic “machines.” In China, however, although proparty intellectuals faced the first type of antipartyism, the “progressive” type was relatively absent, as there weren’t any mature party machines in the first place. Far from being a hindrance to democracy, parties comprised of public-spirited elites were justified as an instrument for political founding: transforming passive subjects under an imperial despotism into modern active citizens in a constitutional democracy.
Workplace Incivility and Its Impact on Public Employees’ Job Search Behavior
Authors: Hatmaker Deneen M. , Smith Amy E. , Hassan Shahidul
Published: February 2024

While extensive research documents that workplace incivility has negative consequences for both employees and organizations, there has been limited research on how workplace incivility experiences affect public-sector employees. This study examines the associations between workplace incivility experiences and public employee job satisfaction and job search behavior. Relying on the Conservation of Resources theory, this article develops a research model that suggests that workplace incivility experiences prompt job search by lowering employee job satisfaction. The analysis of survey data collected from 751 professional employees working in a state-level law enforcement agency shows that both supervisor and coworker incivility are associated positively with employee job search behavior, but supervisor incivility has a stronger association. Moreover, the analysis shows that the indirect effects of supervisor incivility and coworker incivility on job search behavior through job satisfaction are stronger for employees of color and weaker for older employees. These findings have implications for public-sector human resource management.