bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Model Quantum Learning Sebagai Upaya Menurunkan Kejenuhan Belajar Siswa Dalam Mempelajari Kimia
Authors: Lisnawati Lilis , Suryaningsih Siti , Muslim Buchori
Published: July 2020

Siswa pada umumnya mengalami kejenuhan pada pembelajaran kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan model quantum learning sebagai upaya menurunkan kejenuhan belajar siswa dalam mempelajari kimia. Penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian quasi eksperiment menggunakan desain matching pretest-posttest control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa di salah satu Sekolah Menengah Atas Swasta. Sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data mempergunakan teknik non tes, instrumen berupa kuesioner kejenuhan belajar. Teknik analisis data menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dari data N-gain yaitu sig.(2-tailed) = 0,093 / 2 = 0.0465 < 0,05 atau H0 ditolak. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model quantum learning berperan sebagai upaya menurunkan kejenuhan belajar siswa dalam mempelajari kimia. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai rekomendasi bagi para guru untuk diterapkan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran kimia di sekolah yang dapat menurunkan kejenuhan belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran kimia.
¿HAN ESTIMULADO EL TLCAN Y PROCAMPO LA RECONVERSIÓN DE LA SUPERFICIE AGRÍCOLA DE MÉXICO?
Authors: García-Salazar J. Alberto , Ramírez-Jaspeado Rocío
Published: July 2020

La reconversión de la superficie agrícola hacia cultivos con ventajas comparativas que usan de manera intensiva la mano de obra, ha sido uno objetivo del Programa de Apoyos al Campo (PROCAMPO) que inició a finales de 1993, y del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) vigente desde enero de 1994. Para determinar los factores que explicaran el proceso de reconversión de la superficie agrícola en el periodo del TLCAN y PROCAMPO se estimaron dos modelos: uno para cultivos básicos y otro para frutas y hortalizas; en cada modelo la superficie es la variable dependiente, y el precio del producto, el pago de PROCAMPO, el precio de los insumos y la precipitación pluvial son las variables independientes. Los resultados indican que de 1994/96 a 2006/08 la superficie de granos disminuyó anualmente en 0.6 %, y que la superficie de frutas y hortalizas creció cada año 0.7 %, como consecuencia del comportamiento de los precios. La disminución en el pago real de PROCAMPO observado en el periodo 1994/96-2006/08 provocó una disminución anual de 0.7 % en la superficie de granos, y un aumento anual de 2.7 % en la superficie de frutas y hortalizas. Los resultados anteriores indican que el TLCAN ha favorecido la reconversión de la superficie, y que la disminución en el pago real de PROCAMPO ha reforzado dicho proceso, aunque la ganancia ha sido pequeña.
UN MÉTODO PRECISO PARA MEDIR SEVERIDAD DE ROYA DE LA HOJA (Puccinia triticina Eriksson) EN TRIGO
Authors: Sauceda-Acosta Carlos P. , Lugo-García Gabriel A. , Villaseñor-Mir Héctor E. , Partida-Ruvalcaba Leopoldo , Reyes-Olivas Álvaro
Published: July 2020

La estimación visual de la severidad de una enfermedad es subjetiva y no repetible, por lo que se requiere investigar métodos alternos que midan con exactitud la superficie dañada de un órgano vegetal. En este estudio se desarrolló una metodología para medir la severidad de la roya de la hoja (Puccinia triticina Eriksson) en trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) cvs. INIA F-66, Jupateco-73R, Morocco, Sonora F-64 y WL-711, con base en análisis de imágenes digitales (AID). Con el AID se calculó el porcentaje real de área foliar dañada por la enfermedad (MED, %), y se comparó con la metodología visual (EST, %) para estimar la severidad, realizada por tres evaluadores en dos muestreos con 10 repeticiones. La imagen de las hojas se obtuvo con escáner, AID se realizó y automatizó con el programa ImageJ 1.48r. Se midió el área foliar (AS, mm2), área dañada (AD, mm2), número (NTL), tamaño (TAM, mm2) y forma de las lesiones. Se calculó número de lesiones por cm2 (LPC) y la MED. Los métodos estuvieron correlacionados entre sí (rs = 0.86, P ≤ 0.0001); aunque EST carece de exactitud. Las severidades determinadas por los evaluadores y con el AID fueron diferentes (K-W ≈ X2 = 21.73, P ≤ 0.05). Los cultivares mostraron diferencias en MED y EST (P ≤ 0.001); pero los evaluadores sobrestimaron EST cuando el AD fue menor a 19 % y al rebasar este nivel la subestimaron. Morocco presentó la mayor MED (49.4 %). Jupateco-73R y Sonora F-64 tuvieron las menores NTL, TAM y LPC (P ≤ 0.001). Las ventajas de usar el AID son: permite discriminar entre AD y área sana, requiere menos de 1 min para determinar variables relacionadas con la severidad de roya. Este método presenta repetitividad, reduce el error experimental y la subjetividad.
Yapı Bilgi Modellemesi’nin teklif süreçlerindeki katkıları
Authors: KIRZIOĞLU Burak Berkin , GELİŞEN Gökhan
Published: July 2020

Bir inşaat firması yurtiçi ve/veya yurtdışındaki bir projeye teklif hazırlarken, projenin gerçekleştirileceği ülke koşullarını, karşılaşabileceği finansal zorlukları, pazar farklılıklarını, yapım sürecinde doğabilecek sorunları ve sözleşmesel anlaşmazlık gibi unsurları göz önünde bulundurarak, teklif çalışmasında maliyet fiyatlandırmasını ve ihale için sunacağı fiyatı doğru olarak saptaması gerekmektedir. İnşaat sektörünün maliyetlerin artışı, projenin gecikmesi ve hatta projenin başarısızlığı gibi sonuçlar doğurabilecek birçok risk kaynağı ile karşı karşıya kalabileceği ve sürekli gelişerek küreselleşen sektörde teklif sürecinin zorlu rekabet koşulları göz önüne alındığında, belirsizlikleri minimize ederek maliyetlendirme çalışmalarına devam etmesi gerekmektedir. Bu amacın gerçekleştirilebilmesi için öncelikle direkt maliyetlerin doğru analiz edilebilmesi günümüz koşullarında inşaat firmaları için bir zorunluluk haline gelmiştir. Bu nedenle inşaat firmaları, özellikle götürü bedel uluslararası projelerde karşılaştıkları ihale dokümanlarındaki iki boyutlu projeleri doğru ve efektif olarak keşif tablolarında sayısallaştırarak teklif fiyatlarının oluşturulması ile ilgili çalışmalara ihtiyaç duymaktadır.
The Biophysics of Cell Migration: Biasing Cell Motion with Feynman Ratchets
Authors: Caballero David , Kundu Subhas C. , Reis Rui L.
Published: July 2020

The concepts and frameworks of soft matter physics and the laws of thermodynamics can be used to describe relevant developmental, physiologic, and pathologic events in which directed cell migration is involved, such as in cancer. Typically, this directionality has been associated with the presence of soluble long-range gradients of a chemoattractant, synergizing with many other guidance cues to direct the motion of cells. In particular, physical inputs have been shown to strongly influence cell locomotion. However, this type of cue has been less explored despite the importance in biology. In this paper, we describe recent in vitro works at the interface between physics and biology, showing how the motion of cells can be directed by using gradient-free environments with repeated local asymmetries. This rectification of cell migration, from random to directed, is a process reminiscent of the Feynman ratchet; therefore, this framework can be used to explain the mechanism behind directed cell motion.
An optimized Load Balancing Algorithm in Cloud Computing
Authors: Arora Pooja , Dixit Anurag
Published: July 2020

The Cloud Computing is the new advanced field with the architecture of service-oriented. As there is increase in the application of cloud computing which lead to rise in the number of task and workload. This workload makes unbalanced load due to uneven distribution of task on different nodes with different capabilities of each node. This makes some nodes overloaded and some underloaded in cloud and lead to unbalanced load. To make efficient utilization of resources of cloud it becomes necessary to balance this load to satisfy the user. The load balancing algorithm is used for the redistribution of task from overloaded node to underloaded node. This paper discusses about the matrices that affect the load balancing algorithm in cloud. It also present the analysis of different load balancing algorithm and related work of different authors. In this paper an algorithm is proposed on the basis of study for optimized load balancing algorithm in cloud computing.
«She’s leaving home, bye bye». The Sixties, the Birth of the Teenagers and a New Generational Narration
Authors: Piseri Federico
Published: July 2020

The article proposes a reading and interpretation of the generational conflict of the Sixties using rock music as its main source of investigation. Being halfway between mass consumption product and cultural product, the pop music of the time has significantly defined one of the generational narrations of the baby boomers, the counter-cultural one, which has become a generational myth, strong enough to darken other parallel narrations and annihilate those of the following generation. The lyrics of the songs, the musical scenes, the youth subcultures that sprung from them are analysed in their constant exchange with the youth of the time in the United Kingdom and in the United States. We can read in them the rapid changes that took a significant part of a generation from an empty aesthetic, according to the detractors, to the strong social and political commitment, imposing its will to emerge and to change the social patterns and first of all the bonds of the family defined in the first half of the twentieth century.
Composição corporal funcional: breve revisão
Authors: Carvalho Anderson Santos , Alves Thiago Cândido , Abdalla Pedro Pugliesi , Venturini Ana Claudia Rossini , Leites Pablo Dogomar Llanes , Machado Dalmo Roberto Lopes
Published: July 2020

Compreender a Composição Corporal Funcional (CCF) é fundamental para que os profissionais que trabalham com o corpo e o movimento possam entender as alterações que ocorrem no organismo. De um ponto de vista histórico, a análise da Composição Corporal (CC) era organizada em dois compartimentos, sendo eles Massa Gorda (MG) e Massa Isenta de Gordura (MIG). A CCF associa componentes da CC a vias metabólicas, fisiológicas e bioquímicas, verificando a influência do movimento e proporcionando ao profissional o entendimento básico da CC através dos diferentes modelos de níveis compartimentais e métodos, com vistas a um entendimento mais efetivo por parte deste. Estudos têm evidenciado a relação entre CC desejável e a saúde dos indivíduos. Portanto, o objetivo foi realizar uma breve revisão da literatura sobre CCF e compreender sua influência no organismo, articulada ou não à prática de atividade física (AF). O presente estudo foi realizado a partir de uma revisão narrativa acerca do tema CCF. Como conclusão, a CC é capaz de influenciar o funcionamento do corpo humano e, atualmente, pode ser analisada em cinco níveis. Quanto mais sofisticada a sua quantificação, melhor é o entendimento sobre sua relação com a variação da condição de saúde do organismo (estado nutricional, metabolismo e patologias). O exercício pode beneficiar a CC, mantendo e aumentando os componentes que influenciam positivamente a saúde.
PENGARUH PROGRAM DIABETES SELF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PASIEN DM TIPE 2 DI RSU ROYAL PRIMA MEDAN TAHUN 2019
Authors: Zai Yusmar Christianto
Published: July 2020

DSME merupakan suatu proses pemberian pengetahuan pasien tentang manajemen diri untuk mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah dengan pengaturan diet, latihan fisik, serta terapi farmakologis sehingga penederita diabetes melitus dapat mempertahankan glukosa darahnya secara optimal dibandingkan mereka yang tidak memiliki kemampuan mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah dengan baik yang akan mengalami komplikasi seperti luka diabetik, penurunan penglihatan dan neuropati.. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh program diabetes self management education terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah pada pasien DM tipe II. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain Quasy Experimental dengan menggunakan rancangan Non Equivalent Control Group dengan jumlah sampel 30 orang yang terdiri dari 15 responden kelompok intervensi dan 15 responden kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kelompok intervensi p = 0,001 (p<0,05) dan kelompok kontrol p = 0,007 (p<0,05)  artinya ada pengaruh DSME terhadap penurunan kadar gula darah. Diharapkan program ini terus diterapkan dan dikembangkan di dalam praktik keperawatan di rumah sakit, puskesmas, dan instansi kesehatan lainnya.
PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN MELALUI MEDIA VIDEO DAN LEAFLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PERSONAL HYGIENE MENSTRUASI REMAJA PUTRI KELAS VII TAHUN 2019
Authors: Jubaedah Entin , Yuhandini Diyah Sri , - Sriyatin
Published: July 2020

Menurut Kementerian Kesehatan RI pada tahun 2013 bahwa program kesehatan reproduksi remaja diintegrasikan dalam Program Kesehatan Remaja di Indonesia. Sejak tahun 2003.Kementerian Kesehatan telah mengembangkan model pelayanan kesehatan yang disebut dengan Pelayanan Kesehatan Peduli Remaja (PKPR). Pada saat menstruasi risiko terkena infeksi lebih tinggi dari pada saat tidak menstruasi karena pada saat menstruasi, leher rahim terbuka untuk memungkinkan darah keluar dari tubuh. Hal tersebut dapat menjadi jalur bagi bakteri untuk kembali ke dalam rahim dan rongga panggul. Oleh karena itu kebersihan saat menstruasi perlu di perhatikan dengan baik. Metode promosi kesehatan yang tepat dalam pelaksanaan dan penerapan merupakan langkah yang strategis dalam meningkatkan derajat kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan Melalui Media Video dan Leaflet Terhadap Pengetahuan Personal Hygiene Menstruasi Remaja Putri Kelas VII SMP Negeri Kota Cirebon. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain quasi experiment. Rancangan penelitian pre-post control design. Jumlah sampel penelitian adalah 52 remaja putri di ambil dengan simple random sampling yang di bagi dalam kelompok intervensi dan kontrol, uji analisis statistik menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dan Mann-Whitney.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata pengetahuan sebelum dan setelah intervensi adalah 80,19 ; 93,85 pada kelompok dengan media video dan 81,92 (p 0,000) ; 90,58 ( p 0,000) pada kelompok dengan media leaflet. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna tentang pengetahuan personal hygiene menstruasi sebelum dan setelah diberikan intervensi baik pada kelompok penyuluhan dengan media video maupun media leaflet. Dan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada perbandingan antara media video dan leaflet (13,65 ; 8,65) terhadap pemberian intervensi tentang manajemen kebersihan mentruasi dengan pengetahuan personal hygiene menstruasi, mean rank terbesar pada media video.
EFEKTIFITAS MEKANISME KOPING TERHADAP TINGKAT KECEMASAN PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK DALAM MENJALANI TERAPI HEMODIALISA DI RUANG HEMODIALISA RSUD. dr. PIRNGADI MEDAN TAHUN 2020
Authors: Megawati Megawati
Published: July 2020

Gagal ginjal kronik makin banyak menarik perhatian dan makin banyak dipelajari, karena walaupun sudah mencapai tahap gagal ginjal terminal, penderita masih dapat hidup panjang dengan kualitas hidup yang cukup baik bahkan baik. Yang disebut dengan gagal ginjal terminal adalah keadan dimana ginjal sudah tidak dapat menjalankan fungsinya lagi. (Lumenta, 1992).

Mekanisme koping adalah cara yang dilakukan individu dalam menyelesaikan masalah, menyesuaikan diri dengan perubahan, serta respon terhadap situasi yang mengancam. Dalam melakukan terapi hemodialisa pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang sering dijumpai adalah cemas atau kecemasan. Kecemasan kekhawatiran yang tidak jelas dan menyebar, yang berkaitan dengan penyebaran yang tidak pasti dan tidak berdaya serta keadaan emosi yang tidak memiliki objek spesifik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas mekanisme koping terhadap tingkat kecemasan pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik dalam menjalani terapi hemodialisa di Ruang Hemodialisa RSUD. Dr. Pirngadi Medan Tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian bersifat Deskriptif Analitik dengan desain Cross Sectional. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan Tekhnik Purposive Sampling, besar sampel yang diteliti sebanyak 37 orang. Dari hasil uji  statistik Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan 95% dengan menggunakan program SPSS menunjukkan bahwa ada efektifitas yang bermakna antara mekanisme koping terhadap tingkat kecemasan pasien yakni koping dukungan sosial dengan nilai p = 0,02 < 0,05 dan sumber spiritual dengan nilai p = 0,01 < 0,05. Mekanisme koping dukungan sosial dan sumber spiritual memiliki efektifitas terhadap tingkat kecemasan pasien. Ini menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial dan sumber spiritual pasien yang kurang akan mempengaruhi gangguan mental sehingga menimbulkan kecemasan. Disarankan Bagi pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani terapi hemodialisa agar lebih banyak mencari informasi, baik dari media cetak maupun elektronik sehingga lebih tahu tentang pelayanan.
The Efficiency of the Parasitoids Bracon hebetor and B. brevicornis in the Control of Date Palm Moth Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: M. Khalaf Raja , A. Abdulkader Ayad
Published: July 2020

Adams, J.M. (1976). A guide to the objective and reliable estimation of food losses in small scale farmer storage. Tropical stored Products Information, 32: 5-12.

Abdulrahman, S.H.; Khawaja, G.R.; Abdullah, A.S.; Mureed, K.D. & Mahammad, T. (2013). Effects of tempertuer on the development of Ephestia cautella    (walker) (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) a case study for its possible control under  storage conditions. Pakistan J. Zool., 45(6): 1573-1576.

Al-Abdullah, B.; Al-Hamada, J.; Celtie, M.N. & Aslan, L. (2001). The effect of host and temperatures on some biological processes efficiency of larval parasite Bracon brevicornis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) under laboratory conditions. Damascus Univ. J. Agric. Sci., 25(1): 345-365.

Al-Ramahi, R.S. & Ali, M.H. (1983). Effect of diets on the longevity of the adult parasitoid Bracon hebetor Say. Yearbook Plant Pro. Res., 3(1): 29-38.

Al-Rawi, Kh.M. & Khalfalla, A.M. (1980). Design and analysis of agricultural experiments. Directorate of residence House Print. Publ., Univ. Mosul: 488pp. (In Arabic).

Al-Zadjali, T.S.; Abdallal, F.F. & El-Haidari, H.S. (2006). Insect pests attacking date palms and dates in Sultanate of Oman. Egypt. J. Agric. Res., 84: 51-59.

Horak, M. (1994). A review of Cadra walker in Australia: five new native species and the tow introduced pest species (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Phycitinae). Aust. J. Entomol., 33(3): 245-262.

Gupta, A. & Lokhande, S.A. (2013). A new host record and a new combination in Cotesia cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India. J. Threatened Taxa, 5(2): 3678-3681.

Mohsen, A.A. (2001). Control of Ephestia cautella: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae using parasitoid Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) gamma ray. M. Sc. Thesis, Coll. Educ. Women, Univ. Baghdad: 96pp. (In Arabic).

Saray, M.H. (2010). Effect of laser in some aspects of the life performance of the insect mite Ephestia cautella: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae. Biotechnol. Res. Cent. Coll. Sci. Univ. Baghdad, 4(2): 62-66.

Tarek, M.A.; Mohamed, H.A. & Al-Jalely, B.H. (2014). Bioprotective evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill on the different stages of fig moth Ephestia cautella: (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in vitro. J. Kerbala Univ., 12(1): 190-196. (In Arabic).

Sharma, H.C.; Ashok-Aluv, S.; Ravinder-Reddy, C.H.; Jayaraj, K.; Varaprasad, V.J.; Varaprasad-Reddy, K.M.; Belum, V.S. & Reddy-Rai, K.N. (2007). Management of sorghum and pearl millet pestin Bulk storage. Global theme on crop Improvement. International crops Research Institute for the Arid Tropics. Patan Cheru 502-324, Andra Pradesh, India: 20pp.

Shawkit, M.A.; Hamad, B.S.; MassehKhder, N.A.; Hamed, A.A. & Al-Tweel, A.A. (2014). Searching capacity of Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenopetra: Braconidae) for its host larvae in simulated date store. J. Madenat Alelem Univ. Coll., 6(1): 30-38.
Statistics on Partitions Arising from Seaweed Algebras
Authors: Coll Jr. Vincent E. , Mayers Andrew W. , Mayers Nicholas W.
Published: July 2020

Using the index theory of seaweed algebras, we explore various new partition statistics. We find relations to some well-known families of partitions as well as a surprising periodicity result.
PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Ahmad Novita , Ilato Rosman , Payu Boby R
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan teknologi informasi terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas X jurusan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di SMA Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo.Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode ex post facto.Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 166 orang siswa.Sedangkan sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 62 responden. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu kuesioner/angket sebanyak 30 pertanyaan yang terdistribusi 15 pertanyaan indikator Teknologi Informasi dan 15 pertanyaan indikator Minat Belajar Siswa. Adapun tehnik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji normalitas data dan analisis regresi.Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas X IPS di SMA Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo. Hal ini ditunjukan pengaruh pemanfaatan teknologi informasi terhadap minat belajar siswa mencapai 36 % dan sisanya 64 % minat belajar siswa dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain.
LA ENSEÑANZA DEL ÁLGEBRA EN LOS AÑOS INICIALES DE LA ENSEÑANZA FUNDAMENTAL: INVESTIGACIONES Y ORIENTACIONES CURRICULARES
Authors: Noronha Claudianny Amorim , Gomes Luanna Priscila da Silva
Published: July 2020

El objetivo de del estudio reportado en este artículo fue investigar las orientaciones para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del álgebra en los años iniciales de la Enseñanza Fundamental contenidas en los documentos curriculares oficiales que orienta las prácticas pedagógica en la Educación Básica, así como también hacer un inventario de los estudios sobre el tema, divulgados en las memorias de uno de los principales eventos brasileros de Educación Matemática. Para ello, fueron utilizados elementos propios de las pesquisas de tipo documental y bibliográfica. La investigación permitió realizar un mapeo general de la caracterización acerca de la enseñanza y el aprendizaje del álgebra con infantes, y constatar que ese eje de la matemática, para los años iniciales de la Enseñanza Fundamental, debe ser diseminado, mejor explorado, investigado y comprendido tanto en sus aspectos teóricos y metodológicos.Palabras clave: enseñanza del álgebra, orientaciones curriculares, años iniciales de la Enseñanza FundamentalO ensino de álgebra nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: pesquisas e orientações curricularesResumoO presente artigo objetiva investigar orientações acerca do ensino e aprendizagem da álgebra nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental em documentos oficiais curriculares brasileiros que apresentam direcionamentos para práticas pedagógicas na Educação Básica, bem como inventariar pesquisas sobre o tema, divulgadas nos anais de um dos principais eventos brasileiros de Educação Matemática. Para isso, foram utilizados elementos das pesquisas documental e bibliográfica. A investigação possibilitou um mapeamento geral sobre o ensino e aprendizagem da álgebra com crianças e a constatação de que esse eixo da matemática, para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, necessita ser disseminado, melhor explorado, investigado e compreendido em seus aspectos teóricos e metodológicos.Palavras-chave: ensino de álgebra, orientações curriculares, anos iniciais do Ensino FundamentalThe teaching of algebra in the initial years of elementary school: research and curricular guidelinesAbstractThis paper aims to investigate guidelines about teaching and learning algebra in the initial years of Elementary Education in official Brazilian curricular documents, which presents guidelines for pedagogical practices in Basic Education, as well as to inventory research on the theme, published in the annals of one of the main Brazilian events of Mathematical Education. For this, elements of documentary and bibliographic research were used. The investigation enabled a general mapping about teaching and learning algebra with children and the finding that this axis of mathematics, for the early years of elementary school, needs to be disseminated, better explored, investigated and understood in its theoretical and methodological aspects.Keywords: algebra teaching, curriculum guidelines, initial years of elementary school
MICROBIAL CONTROL OF LIVE/DEAD ZOOPLANKTON RATIO IN SEVASTOPOL BAY
Authors: Mukhanov Vladimir S. , Litvinyuk Daria
Published: July 2020

To explain higher fraction of live zooplankton in heavily polluted and eutrophic Sevastopol Bay comparing with cleaner adjacent waters, a hypothesis has been proposed and tested experimentally that more intensive bacteria-driven decomposition of dead organisms in the bay reduced their pool and, as a result, increased the live-to-dead zooplankton ratio. In the experiment, a heat-killed batch culture of the copepod Calanipeda aquaedulcis was used as a substrate for decomposition by natural microbial communities from the waters of different pollution status. Bacterioplankton abundance and in situ decomposition rate of copepod carcasses were shown to be about 3-fold higher in the bay (1.3 × 106 cells ml-1 and 0.13 day-1, respectively) while an approximation of zooplankton non-predatory mortality rates gave equal values for both the sites (about 0.046 day-1). These findings call for revising the ways of interpreting the results of zooplankton viability assays in their relation to water pollution status.
CROWDSOURCING CREATIVITY IN GOVERNMENT: STATE OF THE FIELD IN THE FOUR RESEARCH PARADIGMS
Authors: Sułkowski Łukasz , Lenart-Gansiniec Regina , Bilan Svitlana
Published: July 2020

Creativity, innovation, openness and involving citizens in decision making belong to a set of efforts undertaken by the government. This is possible thanks to crowdsourcing that is a tool to communicate with citizens and that is a source of knowledge and that provides new, creative ideas. However, despite the research intensity in the area of crowdsourcing creativity in government, the research results obtained to date are still ambiguous and fragmentary. Research on crowdsourcing government is often limited to interpretive traditions. This gives an incomplete picture of government crowdsourcing since three additional research paradigms are omitted: interpretative, post-modern, and critical. Our ambition is to raise awareness about the presence of many paradigms in crowdsourcing government research. The aim of this article is to present crowdsourcing government from the perspective of four paradigms by Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan. We are trying to achieve this by presenting a review of research on crowdsourcing government taking into consideration four paradigms: positivist, interpretative, critical, and postmodern. We suggest that a single paradigm is not able to provide a complete picture of crowdsourcing government, and thus we seek interactions between the paradigms and postulate multi-paradigmatic research that may lead to further development of knowledge.
Semi-fluorinated Alkane Eye Drops Reduce Signs and Symptoms of Evaporative Dry Eye Disease After Cataract Surgery
Authors: Son Hyeck-Soo , Yildirim Timur M. , Khoramnia Ramin , Poompokawat Piyanut , Knorz Michael C. , Auffarth Gerd U.
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE:

To clinically evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of semi-fluorinated alkane eye drops (EvoTears; URSAPHARM GmbH) as ocular surface treatment after cataract surgery in patients with evaporative dry eye disease.

METHODS:

This prospective, monocentric, open-label clinical trial included 40 patients undergoing cataract surgery and showing symptoms of evaporative dry eye disease as measured by the Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye (Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]) questionnaire, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), and tear break-up time (TBUT) of less than 10 seconds. EvoTears was prescribed four times a day for 5 weeks and administered 15 minutes after the standard postoperative topical anti-inflammatory regimen. The primary endpoint was the change in TBUT. Secondary endpoints included assessment of the subjective symptoms (VAS), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), slit-lamp examination, intraocular pressure, and Schirmer's test, which were evaluated at 1 day, 1 week, and 5 weeks postoperatively. At 5 weeks postoperatively, the tolerability and efficacy of EvoTears were evaluated by physicians and patients.

RESULTS:

At 5 weeks postoperatively, the median TBUT increased from 6.8 (preoperative) to 14 seconds (
P
< .001) and the average total corneal staining score decreased from 3.53 (preoperative) to 2.36 (
P
< .001). The mean CDVA improved from 0.41 (preoperative) to 0.14 logMAR (
P
< .001) and there was a statistically significant decrease in all scores from the VAS questionnaire at 5 weeks postoperatively. There was no statistically significant change in Schirmer's test (
P
= .150).

CONCLUSIONS:

EvoTears improved tear film, ocular surface, and subjective impressions of patients with dry eye disease 5 weeks after cataract surgery. Patients' and physicians' assessment indicated good efficacy and high tolerability of EvoTears, suggesting its suitability in postoperative management of the ocular surface in patients with dry eye disease.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(7):474–480.]
Intentionality in Blended Learning Design
Authors: Nussli Natalie , Oh Kevin
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this theoretical chapter is to develop a tool that helps educators develop digitally mediated learning (DML) episodes by systematically applying the principles of four paradigms, namely meaningful learning, ubiquitous learning (u-learning), universal design for learning (UDL), and culturally responsive teaching (CRT). The goal is to harness the affordances of each paradigm and combine them into an approach that systematically enhances and enriches DML. This chapter will be relevant for teachers in higher education wishing to complement their face-to-face teaching with carefully designed digitally mediated content capitalizing collaboration, interaction, personal relevance, and projects that can provide creativity-enhancing learning.
KRAS-associated microRNAs in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ibrahim Hamizah , Lim Ya Chee
Published: July 2020

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancerrelated death worldwide. Despite progress in treatment of cancers, CRC with KRAS mutations are resistant towards anti-EGFR treatment. MicroRNAs have been discovered in an exponential manner within the last few years and have been known to exert either an onco-miRNA or tumor suppressive effect. Here, the various roles of microRNAs involved in the initiation and progression of KRAS-regulated CRC are summarized. A thorough understanding of the roles and functions of the plethora of microRNAs associated with KRAS in CRC will grant insights into the provision of other potential therapeutic targets as well as treatment. MicroRNAs may also serve as potential molecular classifier or early detection biomarkers for future treatment and diagnosis of CRC.
FTIR Gas Analyzer Performance Evaluation/Qualification for Automotive Testing
Authors:   Emissions Standards Committee
Published: July 2020

The scope of this document focuses on the tests required by EPA to validate the performance of the FTIR system following the section in the Code of Federal Regulations Part 1065 (40 CFR 1U.1065 and hereafter referred to as “EPA Part 1065”) on the guidelines and performance criteria for various regulated gases. This document focuses on the use of continuous emissions sampling for both engine and vehicle testing. Future addenda will be needed to cover bag and other sampling techniques.

Gas components that do not currently have performance criteria but may soon be regulated are noted and EPA suggestions as to what should be required are applied. This will help ensure that the FTIR will be recognized as a valid and alternative tool for engine exhaust emissions testing. Components in engine exhaust that are specifically called out in this document include: carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxides of nitrogen (NO, NO2, and N2O), ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), and formaldehyde (H2CO). Others (for example, hydrocarbons for non-methane, non-ethane hydrocarbons (NM NE HC) or volatile organic compounds (VOC)) may be added as needed by following this standard operating procedure and determining the certification requirements from EPA or other governing bodies as required.

This SAE standard references the specific sections in the EPA Part 1065 certification test requirements (current as of April 23, 2014) for all of the steps required to provide proof of performance. The document provides the user a guideline for the FTIR gas analyzer as applied to engine or vehicle emissions testing. This document is applicable to a wide range of fuels including, but not limited to, diesel, gasoline, natural gas, liquid petroleum gas (LPG), blends, bio-fuel, and bio-fuel blends.

While this document specifically references 191 °C as the temperature used for performance validation, this may not always be the case. The temperature specification applies specifically to the raw gaseous emissions that have not been diluted. If the analysis is to be performed upon a diluted gas stream where the emission gas is at a lower temperature, then the analyzer can also be run at a lower temperature, provided that the components of interest do not condense or react prior to reaching the analyzer.
Direct determination of piroxicam in pharmaceutical forms using flow injection- spectrophotometry
Authors: Abed Ream Ismail , Hadi Hind , Hadi Hind
Published: July 2020

In this research, direct batch and flow injection (FI) spectrophotometric methods for the analysis of piroxicam (PIX) in commercial dosage forms were investigated. The methods were based on the reaction of PIX with diazotized metoclopramide in alkaline medium to form orange color product at room temperature which absorbs maximally at λmax 472 nm. Chemical and physical variables of batch and FI methods were optimized to produce high sensitivity and reproducibility. Under the optimized experimental conditions, Beer’s law was obeyed over concentration ranges from 1 - 35 and 10 - 250 μg/mL PIX with limits of detection of 0.2 and 3.4 μg/mL and limits of quantification of 0.7 and 11.4 μg/mL PIX for batch and FI procedures, respectively. The relative standard deviation (%RSD) was less than 0.7 and 2.4 for batch and FI procedures respectively with a sample throughput of 38 h-1 for FI procedure. The proposed methods can be used for the routine analysis for the assay of PIX in injections and capsules.

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(1), 13-23.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i1.2
MWCNTs/Ag-ZnO nanocomposite for efficient photocatalytic degradation of congo red
Authors: Yibeltal Amogne W. , Beyene Belete B. , Admassie Shimelis , Taddesse Abi M.
Published: July 2020

Three nanomaterials namely, zinc oxide (ZC), silver-doped zinc oxide (AZ) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes coupled with silver doped zinc oxide nanocomposite (MWAZ) were synthesized, characterized and employed for photo degradation of an organic pollutant, congo red (CR). The photocatalytic activity study showed efficient degradation of CR upon irradiation with UV and visible light in the order of MWAZ > AZ > ZC > Commercial ZnO (ZCO). Percentage photodegradation of 99% and a pseudo 1st order rate constant of 2.3 x 10-2 min-1 were achieved by MWAZ as a catalyst under visible light irradiation, implying photo- sensitizing ability of MWCNTs and the capability of MWCNTs to hinder recombination of photogenerated holes and electrons. The control experiment in the dark condition gave only 7.9% of degradation efficiency and 5.56 x 10-4 min-1 rate constant, implying the significant role of light source for catalytic degradation of CR.

 

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(1), 55-66.

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i1.5
Promoting Partnership with Traditional Authorities in Development Projects: A Model for Community Infrastructure Project Delivery in Ghana
Authors: Osei-Tutu E. , Adinyira E. , Ofori A. P. , Asamoah R. , Ankrah S. J.
Published: July 2020

Promoting partnership with traditional Authority Project (PPTAP) was designed to translate into reality the vision of having our traditional leaders play pivotal roles in community devel­opment. The project was to test the role that chiefs, queen mothers and other opinion leaders could play in the decentralization of community development. In spite of the presence of some challenges with respect to project implementation such as slow pace in the payment of coun­terpart fund contribution, this novelty achieved spectacular successes. This paper discusses the results of a questionnaire survey that looked at the role played by traditional authorities and community involvement in infrastructure development for 40 selected communities in Ashanti region under the PPTAP, with support from the International Development Agency (IDA) of the World Bank and the Government of Ghana. The paper concludes that the inclusion of tradi­tional authorities in beneficiary communities helped in an accurate identification of community needs, minimization of cost incurred and high-quality workmanship as well as strengthened ownership. For community based development, the paper recommends a Tripartite Partnership (TTP), where Traditional Authorities work in tandem with the Public and Private Sector to ensure sustainable national development. PPTAP presents an excellent framework for such TPP arrangements.

Keywords: Traditional Authorities, Community Based Project, Infrastructure, Development
Prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia, selected determinants and relation to hypertension severity in Northern-Nigerian hypertensives: the ABU homocysteine survey
Authors: Onyemelukwe Obiageli U. , Maiha Bilkisu B
Published: July 2020

Background: This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia in Northern-Nigerian hypertensives and its association with hypertension severity and some major determinants as data regarding these are lackingin sub-Saharan Africa.

Method: A Community-based cross-sectional study done on 120 randomly-selected hypertensive patients who responded to an ABU radio frequency modulated invitation for free health-screening at the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Medical Centre from January 2016 to June 2016. The percentage of participants with high homocysteine levels, their anthropometric parameters and blood pressures were determined. Plasma homocysteine (hcy) was classified as normal (5-15), moderate (>15-30), intermediate (31-100) and severe (>100) μmol/L. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied and log-transformed homocysteine (Ln10Homocysteine) was correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as age, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glomerular filtration rate, hypertension duration and Ln10folate in males and females using the Pearson’s Correlation analysis.

Results: There were 83(69.2%) females and 37(30.8%) males with Median homocysteine of 20.8 μmol/L and 22.0 μmol/L respectively (p=0.003). Hyperhomocysteinaemia was found in 118(98.3%) hypertensives while 2(1.7%) subjects had normo-homocysteinaemia. Moderate hyperhomocysteinaemia (Median, 20.8 μmol/L) was identified in 105(87.5%) and intermediate (Median, 40 μmol/L) in 13(10.8%) (p<0.001). No subject had severe hyperhomocysteinaemia.Homocysteine was higher (p=0.003) in subjects with Stage 2 systolic hypertension. Ln10Homocysteine was significantly (p<0.001) correlated with blood pressure (SBP: r=0.45; DBP: r=0.40) and age (r=0.33).

Conclusion: The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia in North-Western Nigerian hypertensives is high as against normal healthy controls. Plasma homocysteine is higher with severe systolic hypertension and positively associated with age.

Keywords: Hypertension, Homocysteine, Blood pressure, Northern-Nigerians

Funding: No specific grants but Micro Nova Pharmaceuticals Limited, Nigeria and Emzor Pharmaceutical Industries, Lagos, Nigeria supported with drugs.
АЛГОРИТМ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ З АМПУТАЦІЄЮ КІНЦІВОК НА ОСНОВІ МУЛЬТИПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ТА ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОГО ПІДХОДУ
Authors: Bespalenko А. А. , Shchehlіuk O. I. , Kikh A. Yu. , Buryanov О. А. , Volyansky O. M. , Korchenok V. V. , Myhailovska M.M.
Published: July 2020

Вступ. За даними літератури, серед учасників АТО, ООС переважають поранення кінцівок – 62,5%. Частота ампутації зберігається відносно високою, часто поєднується з іншими травмами м`язово-скелетної системи та потребує індивідуального та мультипрофесійного (МП) підходу.

Мета дослідження: провести аналіз структури ампутацій в учасників АТО ООС; створити алгоритм реабілітації військовослужбовців з ампутаціями, враховуючи індивідуальний та МП підхід.

Матеріали та методи. Проведено аналіз результатів лікування 51 пацієнта з ампутацією з числа учасників АТО, ООС, які були госпіталізовані у відділення реабілітації пацієнтів з ампутованими кінцівками Військово-медичного клінічного лікувально-реабілітаційного центру в період з 26.12.2016 по 01.08.2019. Середній вік на момент поранення складав – 33 роки (від 18 до 54). Розподіл за статтю: чоловіки – 98,1% (n=50), жінки – 1,9% (n=1).

Результати. Відсутність однієї кінцівки внаслідок ампутації спостерігалася у 84,3% (n=43), подвійна ампутація – у 13,7% (n=7), потрійна – у 2,0% (n=1). Основною причиною ампутації були мінно-вибухові поранення – 78,4% (n=40). Найчастіше ампутація кінцівок поєднувалася з акубаротравмою – 47% (n=24) та закритою черепно-мозковою травмою – 41,2% (n=21), порушенням адаптації та депресивними розладами – 56,8% (n=29). У 31% (n=16) ампутація поєднувалася з переломами трубчастих кісток інших кінцівок. Всі ці обставини суттєво впливали на перебіг реабілітації. Враховуючи вище зазначені обставини, було запропоновано алгоритм реабілітації пацієнтів з травматичною ампутацією в періопераційний період, період підготовки до протезування, протезування та віддалений період відповідно до індивідуальної програми реабілітації (ІПР).

Висновки. Враховуючи особливості сучасної травми, а саме часту асоціацію ампутації з іншими м`язово-скелетними травмами, травмами внутрішніх органів, психологічними розладами, алгоритм ведення пацієнтів з ампутацією повинен включати: комплексне лікування з диференційованим індивідуальним підходом з застосування сучасних технологій, ранній початок реабілітації на основі МП підходу та згідно ІПР.
O coração do faraó (Ex 4-14*)
Authors: Gross Fernando
Published: July 2020

O coração do faraó é mencionado vinte vezes em Ex 4–14. Por dez vezes, narra-se como o Senhor, Deus de Israel, age com o coração do rei do Egito. Com isso, surge a questão de como se configura esta ação divina ante aquele que insiste em políticas opressivas. No caso, o faraó ainda pode salvar-se? Ou já existe algum tipo de predestinação no que se refere à sua morte violenta? No mais, por quatro vezes, o faraó age com seu coração e, por seis vezes, o coração dele atua sobre si mesmo. O que, no entanto, acontece, especificamente, no interior do rei do Egito? Nesse sentido, o estudo aqui apresentado visa à análise semântica do vocabulário decisivo e à descrição de possíveis conotações teológicas do que se narra sobre o coração do faraó.
Optimization of Ball Screw Diameter using Finite Element Method to Achieve Minimum Deflection
Authors: Thakur Rahul , Mandley Varinder , Thapa Sashank
Published: July 2020

Ball-Screw is a mechanical actuator that transforms the rotational motion of the motor into a linear motion of drive. The ball-screw is commonly used in industrial precision machines and due to this very reason it had been a common topic of research for many scholars, as precision in motion renders to precision in work directly. In this paper, some of the work done by different research scholars on different parametric aspects of ball screw had been discussed alongside optimization of ball screw diameter. The aspects which had been reviewed are elastic deformation & stiffness in ball screw, feed velocity and preloading, preload control in ball screw and various other aspects of preloading such as loss detection. Furthermore, the Finite elemental method had been applied to find the suitable diameter of the ball screw to render minimum deflection and stress value possible with the chosen material.
Proposed Upbeat Digital Forensic Method for Cloud Computing Impression
Authors: Sharma Ravi Kumar , Pal Singh Brar Tejinder
Published: July 2020

There are various challenges for the electronic logical method in the appropriated processing in view of the perceived features of the disseminated figuring condition. Immense quantities of remarkable automated logical procedures and instruments are not sensible for dispersed registering condition. The multitenancy, multi-accomplice, Internet-based, components pointlessness, and gigantic data, logs and datasets are examples of the disseminated figuring condition incorporates that make driving propelled wrongdoing scene examination in the circulated registering condition an extraordinarily problematic task. Thusly, there is a need to develop a fitting modernized quantifiable technique for circulated registering condition. Thusly, this paper proposed a proactive mechanized quantifiable procedure for conveyed figuring condition.
Ebola Virus Disease – An Emergent Public Health Threat of th the Late 20 Century
Authors: Dozie I NS , Nwoke B EB , Amadi A N , Chukwuocha U M , Dozie W U , Ezelote J , Lerum N I , Chidebelu P E , Enweani E O , Faro F O , Nwabueze I C
Published: July 2020

Ebola virus disease is one of the new emerged infectious diseases of the late 20 century. It is a severe, often fatal illness in humans marked by severe bleeding (haemorrhage), organ failure and with fatality rates of between 50% and 90%. Ebola virus is native to Africa and is previously characterized by outbreaks in isolated and remote communities in the rainforest. The 2014 Ebola outbreak is reported in four West African countries namely, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria. Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused by members of the genus Ebolavirus with five (5) recognized species namely Zaire Ebolavirus, Sudan Ebolavirus, Ivory Coast Ebolavirus, Reston Ebolavirus, and Bundibugyo Ebolavirus, all of which belongs to the family, Filoviridae. The transmission of Ebola virus involve two major steps; firstly from suspected natural hosts or reservoir believed to be fruit bats to animals in the wild and secondly, from animals in the wild to humans. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids (vomit, faeces, urine, breast milk, semen, and sweat) of infected persons. Although the clinical course of infection with an incubation period of between 2 to 21 days is well known, the specific mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of Ebola virus have not been clearly understood. Several lines of evidence suggest that the viral glycoprotein (GP) plays a key role in the manifestation of Ebola virus infection. EVD can be diagnosed in the laboratory by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antigen detection tests, serum neutralization tests and virus isolation by cell culture. Currently, there are no approved drugs or vaccines to treat or prevent Ebola. Treatment consists of supportive therapy to maintain electrolyte balance. However experimental vaccines and antiviral drugs are undergoing development and clinical trials. The potential treatment of Ebola Haemorrhagic fever patients with passive immune therapy (i.e. blood transfusion) from convalescent patients is being explored. Prevention of EVD consists of avoiding close contact with gravely ill patients, improvement of personal hygiene especially hand hygiene, strict barrier nursing techniques including the use of personal protective equipment and safe burial of the dead.