bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Karapada daha-suptata in Madhumeha with reference to diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Authors: Bajagain Sarita
Published: March 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major health issue in today's world. Main threat is not the disease itself but its complications like nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy etc. Diabetic peripheral neurropathy is the leading cause of foot ulcers, their complications like limb amputation and cost associated with it. Madhumeha which has been described as 'Maharogas' i.e. difficult to treat disease has many similarities with Diabetes mellitus can be understood and studied as same disease. Ayurveda has mentioned the causes, pathophysiology and symptoms of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy as 'karapada daha -suptata' in purvarupa lakshanas and upadrava lakshanas but inscattered form. It needs depth study to understand the concept of Karapada daha- suptata (DPN).

Objective: To study prevalence of Karapada daha-suptata (Diabetic peripheral neuropathy) and the relation of Karapada daha- suptata (DPN) with age, gender,  duration of disease Madhumeha, blood sugar level, alcohol and smoking habit etc in Madhumeha patients.

Method :A cross sectional study was carried out in Tribhuvan University Ayurveda Teaching Hospital,. Madhumeha patients (Type 2 diabetes mellitus) patients were recruited for the study. MNSI (Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument) was used to diagnose Karapada daha- suptata (Diabetic peripheral neuropathy).

Result: Among 100 patients 31% patient had Karapada daha- suptata (DPN). Our study showed that the prevalence of Karapada daha-suptata(DPN) increased with increasing age of the study population. Similarly prevalence of Karapada daha -suptata in patients with disease duration of Madhumeha (DM2) for more than 5 years was 61.29% where as patients having Diabetes for less than 5 year was 38.71%.  Prevalence of Karapada daha-suptata (DPN) was very high (43.13%) among uncontrolled fasting blood sugar level (>126mg/dl) and (47.5%) among uncontrolled post prandial blood sugar level (>200mg/dl). In this study mean Fasting blood sugar level was 177.0323 mg/dl in the patients with Karapada daha-suptata(DPN) and mean post prandial blood sugar level in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy was 239.1613mg/dl.

Conclusion: Our study showed Karapada daha-suptata/DPN is highly prevalent and increasing as the duration of disease Madhumeha increses but its not uncommon in newly disagnosed disease too. This study showed significant relation of Karapada daha suptata with disease duration of Madhumeha, level of blood sugar, and increasing age of the patients.Study showed no significant differences in the prevalence of Kara pada daha- suptata in male and female patients and  with the smoking habit of the patients.
Scientific Overlook of Shodhan Concept in Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics: Metals and minerals
Authors: Yadav Kapil Deo
Published: March 2023

Shodhan, unique concept of purification & potentiation in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, specially mentioned for metals and minerals which have been indicated in range of disorders from common (fever etc.) to serious (cancer  etc.) disorders.  Shodhan of metals and minerals is extremely depending up on its physico-chemical properties. The metals & minerals having melting point more than 5000C (Swarna-Gold, Lauha-Iron, Tamra-Copper etc) subjected to Shodhan by Nirvapa (Heating and dipping into liquid medium)  whereas Dhalana  (Heating, melting and dipping into liquid medium) process is applied to the substance having melting point  in range of 100 to 500 0C (Naga-Lead, Vanga-Tin, Yasad-Zinc etc.). Furthermore, substances of organic origin like praval (coral), mukta (pearl), shankha (conch shell) etc. and metals/ mineral having melting point less than 100 0C like parad (mercury) is mainly subjected to shodhan either by swedan (Boiling or Fomentation with liquid) or bhavana (Trituration with small quantity of liquid) process.
Ayurvedic Management of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Mahesh Prasad Shah
Published: March 2023

Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) are one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. With the raise in number of patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus around the world, the cases of CKD continue to rise. Most of the times patients cannot afford the expensive treatment modalities like dialysis and renal transplantation, and also everybody cannot be a candidate for renal transplant due to various factors like age and other diseases. In this scenario Ayurveda can play a very significant role in improving the lives of CKD patients. A case of CKD with chronic history of Type I Diabetes mellitus and Hypertension, has shown encouraging results with ayurvedic medications in a short time. Chronic diseases like CKD can be managed by Ayurveda after assessing the dosha, dushya and vyadhi awastha properly and the quality of life of patients can be improved.
Study On Mental Health Literacy Among Ayurveda Undergraduate Students In Nepal
Authors: Khayamali Dr. Renu , Thagunna Dr. Narendra Singh , Khayamali Bishnu Prasad
Published: March 2023

Background: Mental health literacy is knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders which aid their recognition, management or prevention. Mental health is an integral part of health of an individual. For an individual to be called healthy he should be physically as well as mentally healthy. In Ayurveda, the mental health has been emphasized and its significance has been addressed very clearly.

Aim and Objectives: The aim of the present study is to access the knowledge regarding mental health in Ayurveda under-graduate students in Nepal.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational questionnaire on ‘Mental health knowledge Schedule’ (MAKS) was distributed to 200 Ayurveda undergraduate students. Convenient method of sampling was used for the study.

Results and Conclusion: The study revealed that the Ayurveda students in Nepal have high mental health literacy with mean score 76.32, whereas while comparing between the group, the AHA (Ayurveda Health Assistant), First and Second professional students have medium mental health literacy with mean score 74.22, 74.67 and 74.41 respectively and the third professional and intern have high mental health literacy with mean score 79.59 and 81.29 respectively. The intern have highest mental health literacy, which indicate that the knowledge regarding mental health increased with the increase in their educational level.

The study can prove as a helpful tool in future works and further assessment about knowledge, skill, attitude and behavior towards mental health.
An Overview of Clinical Applications of Virtual and Augmented Reality
Authors: Farrell Keeley , MacDougall Danielle
Published: March 2023

This Horizon Scan summarizes the available information regarding virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) interventions for various clinical applications. While the technologies are not new, the use of VR and AR as clinical interventions in health care is still emerging in Canadian health care systems.

VR interventions have been studied in various clinical applications, including acute and chronic pain, stroke, traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, Parkinson disease, autism spectrum disorder, anxiety and depression, mental health in older adults, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Limited information on AR interventions was identified in this Horizon Scan.

There is a wide range of VR and AR hardware and software available that varies in cost and complexity. Much of this hardware and software is commercially available; however, some have been developed specifically for clinical use.

There are several VR interventions for various clinical indications cleared by the FDA and available in the US.

Many factors should be taken into account when considering implementing a VR or AR intervention, including those related to safety, privacy, and access. It will be essential to ensure equitable access to VR and AR interventions so that their introduction does not exacerbate health inequities.
Amivantamab (Rybrevant)
Authors: CADTH
Published: March 2023

CADTH recommends that Rybrevant be reimbursed by public drug plans for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations whose disease has progressed on or after platinum-based chemotherapy if certain conditions are met.

Rybrevant should only be covered to treat patients who have EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation–positive NSCLC that has spread to other parts of the body or cannot be removed by surgery, and who have already received treatment with a platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients receiving Rybrevant should be in relatively good health.

Rybrevant should only be reimbursed when it is used after platinum-based chemotherapy and if its cost is reduced. It should not be reimbursed if it is given in combination with other anticancer drugs. Rybrevant must be prescribed by specialists with experience managing NSCLC.
Milliyetçiliğe Antropolojiden Bakmak
Authors: AVYÜZEN ZOBAR Jale
Published: March 2023

Toplumların sosyal ve siyasal yapılarını, geçmişini, bugününü ve geleceğini önemli derecede etkileyen milliyetçilik, ele alınışı bakımından farklı bağlamlarda karşımızı çıkmaktadır. Kimi zaman bir ideoloji kimi zaman ise söylem alanı üzerinden harekete geçirici etkisi nedeniyle siyasi eylem olarak yorumlayabileceğimiz milliyetçiliğin oluşumunu açıklayan farklı kuramlar bulunmaktadır. Milliyetçiliği çeşitli faktörler üzerinden ele alarak açıklama sunan bu kuramların amacı milliyetçiliğin toplumları ve toplumsal alanları ne şekilde etkilediği, düzenleme sağlıyorsa bunu nasıl yaptığı ve kültürel olarak ne gibi araçlar ile işlev gördüğünü göstermeye yöneliktir. Modern milliyetçi kuram, milliyetçiliği modernleşme ile açıklayarak, onun getirdiği ekonomik, siyasi, toplumsal dönüşümler ile milliyetçilik arasına köprü kuran bir yaklaşımı sergilerken, ilkçi ve etno-sembolcü yaklaşımlar ise milliyetçiliğe farklı bir perspektiften bakmaktadır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu yaklaşımlar antropolojik bir perspektif ile ele alınacaktır. Antropoloji ve milliyetçilik çalışmalarının dirsek bağının değerlendirilmesi her iki alan için de önemlidir. Çalışmada, milliyetçilik kuramlarına antropolojik bir değerlendirme sunarken, aynı zamanda Türkiye’deki antropolojinin milliyetçilik pratiklerine yer verilecektir.
MİLLİYETÇİLİK TEORİLERİNDE YENİ BİR ANALİZ BİRİMİ OLARAK CİNSİYET
Authors: ÇORUK Elifcan
Published: March 2023

Cinsiyet ve milliyetçilik arasındaki ilişki, 1980’li yıllardan itibaren tartışmalı bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bununla birlikte milliyetçiliği konu edinen çalışmaların çoğu cinsiyet kavramını göz ardı etmektedir. Bu durum cinsiyet ve milliyetçilik ilişkisine eleştirel feminist bir perspektiften bakılmasını gerektirir. Çünkü milliyetçilik ve iktidar bağlantısı, cinsiyet üzerinden hiyerarşi ve tahakküm kurar. Buradan hareketle bu çalışma, milliyetçilik çalışmalarında cinsiyetin bir analiz birimi olarak incelenmesi gerektiği kaygısını gütmektedir. Bu kaygıyla çalışma teorik olarak milliyetçiliği, cinsiyet olgusuyla kurduğu ilişki üzerinden sorgulamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla ilk olarak milliyetçilik teorileri ele alınmıştır. İkinci olarak ise, milliyetçilik içerisinde cinsiyetin nerede konumlandığı feminist çizgide incelenmiştir.
ESTUDO PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE CUSTOS DOS MÉTODOS CONSTRUTIVOS EM DRYWALL EM COMPARAÇÃO A ALVENARIA CONVENCIONAL
Authors: Pereira Cleber Antônio , Marotta Luiza Ignez Mollica , Livramento Darlan Einstein do , Marcomini Luiz Henrique de Brito , Oliveira Igor Rafael Buttignol de , Santos Gustavo Soares
Published: March 2023

Em busca de economia e sustentabilidade na construção civil, o uso do Drywall surge como um método construtivo mais eficiente, para substituir o sistema convencional de alvenaria e atender à crescente exigência e evolução do mercado. Neste contexto foi utilizado o método de pesquisa explicativa, onde foram comparados os custos de construção em alvenaria tradicional com o Drywall com objetivo de entender qual método é mais econômico e viável. Utilizando tabelas orçamentarias da SINAPI (2022) comparou-se os valores das duas modalidades. O Drywall oferece uma grande variedade de soluções para a obra, contando com vários tipos de placas e de perfis, assim possibilitando o projetista trabalhar em locais de umidade e com proteção contra fogo. Possuem alta resistência ao fogo, resistência ao impacto, isolamento acústico e baixa absorção de água, além de grande resistência para fixação de moveis e eletrodomésticos além de grande variedade de placas e perfis, podendo ser montadas diversas formas de paredes.  Analisado os resultados obtidos pelas tabelas de custos, concluiu-se que financeiramente o Drywall não é viável nas construções em território nacional, o que ocorre pela baixa oferta de produtos oferecidos no mercado brasileiro, além da cultura construtiva já consolidada, o que pode tornar difícil a sua aceitação. Foi possível verificar que a diferença do custo entre as duas modalidades de construção apresentadas neste estudo está aproximadamente em 30% a mais com a utilização do Drywall.
Processing of weather radar raw IQ-data towards the identification and correction of wind turbine interference – Project RIWER: Removing the Influence of Wind Park Echoes in Weather Radar Measurements
Authors: Patel Bhavinkumar Vishnubhai , Colak Emre , Vyas Aastha , Chandra Madhu , Zichner Ralf
Published: March 2023

Abstract. In recent years, the fast construction, expansion and repowering
of wind parks have been a major source of concern for the weather radar
community and meteorological services. Among others because wind turbines
are extremely tall, reflective, and moving objects, which make them a source
of interference that is hard to distinguish from meteorological echoes and
therefore difficult to filter and even more difficult to correct.
Polarimetric C-Band Doppler weather radar measurements enable us to analyse
and understand the impact of wind turbine interference on meteorological
weather radar echoes and to build up knowledge. The main idea is to analyse
the raw IQ-data in order to quantify the behaviour of wind turbine
interference with meteorological scattering. As a first step in this
direction, this paper will focus on the derivation and analysis of radar
moments such as Reflectivity (Z), Differential Reflectivity (ZDR),
Differential Propagation Phase (PHIDP), Mean Doppler Velocity (V), and
Correlation Coefficient (RHOHV). We will consider two cases: (i) events with
precipitation, and (ii) events without precipitation, in order to understand
and model the impact of wind turbine interference (WTI). For this purpose,
weather radar measurements from Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), recorded under
the aegis of the project RIWER (Removing the Influence of Wind Park Echoes
in Weather Radar Measurements), are presented, analysed and discussed in
detail.
Scaling between volume and runout of rock avalanches explained by a modified Voellmy rheology
Authors: Hergarten Stefan
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Rock avalanches reach considerably greater runout lengths than predicted by Coulomb friction. While it has been known for a long time that runout length increases with volume, explaining the increase qualitatively is still a challenge. In this study, the widely used Voellmy rheology is reinterpreted and modified. Instead of adding a Coulomb friction term and a velocity-dependent term, the modified rheology assigns the two terms to different regimes of velocity. While assuming a transition between Coulomb friction and flow at a given velocity is the simplest approach, a reinterpretation of an existing model for the kinetic energy of random particle motion predicts a dependence of the crossover velocity on the thickness of the rock avalanche. Analytical solutions for a lumped mass on a simple 1-D topography reveal the existence of a slope-dominated and a height-dominated regime within the regime of flow. In the slope-dominated regime, the kinetic energy at the foot of the slope depends mainly on the slope angle, while the absolute height relative to the valley floor has little effect, and vice versa. Both regimes can be distinguished by the ratio of a length scale derived from the rheology and the length scale of the topography. Long runout occurs in the height-dominated regime. In combination with empirical relations between volume, thickness, and height, the approach based on the random kinetic energy model reproduces the scaling of runout length with volume observed in nature very well.
Spectral dependence of birch and pine pollen optical properties using a synergy of lidar instruments
Authors: Filioglou Maria , Leskinen Ari , Vakkari Ville , O'Connor Ewan , Tuononen Minttu , Tuominen Pekko , Laukkanen Samuli , Toiviainen Linnea , Saarto Annika , Shang Xiaoxia , Tiitta Petri , Komppula Mika
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Active remote sensors equipped with the capability to detect polarization, a shape relevant parameter, are essential to aerosol particle identification in the vertical domain. Most commonly, the linear particle depolarization ratio has been available at the shorter wavelengths of 355 nm and/or 532 nm. Recently, linear particle depolarization ratios at longer wavelengths (910 nm, 1064 nm and, 1565 nm) have emerged to the lidar aerosol research. In this study, a synergy of three lidars, namely a PollyXT lidar, a Vaisala CL61 ceilometer and a Halo Photonics StreamLine Pro Doppler lidar, and in situ aerosol and pollen observations have been utilized to investigate the spectral dependence of birch and pine pollen particles. We found that regardless of the pollen type, the linear particle depolarization ratio was subject to the amount of pollen and its relative contribution to the aerosol mixture in the air. More specifically, during the birch pollination characteristic linear particle depolarization ratios of 5 ± 2 % (355 nm), 28 ± 6 % (532 nm), 23 ± 6 % (910 nm) and, 33 ± 4 % (1565 nm) were retrieved at the pollen layer. Regarding the pine dominant period, the characteristic linear particle depolarization ratio of 6 ± 2 %, 43 ± 11 %, 22 ± 6 % and, 26 ± 3 %, was determined at 355 nm, 532 nm, 910 nm and, 1565 nm wavelengths, respectively. For birch, the linear particle depolarization ratio at 1565 nm was the highest followed by 532 nm and 910 nm wavelengths, respectively. A sharp decrease at 355 nm was evident for birch pollen. For pine pollen, a maximum at 532 nm wavelength was observed. There was no significant change in the linear particle depolarization ratio at 910 nm for the pollen types considered in this study. Given the low concentration of pollen in the air, the inclusion of the longer wavelengths (910 nm and 1565 nm) for the detection of birch and pine can be beneficial due to their sensitivity to trace large aerosol particles.
Regime-oriented causal model evaluation of Atlantic–Pacific teleconnections in CMIP6
Authors: Karmouche Soufiane , Galytska Evgenia , Runge Jakob , Meehl Gerald A. , Phillips Adam S. , Weigel Katja , Eyring Veronika
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The climate system and its spatio-temporal changes are strongly affected by modes of long-term internal variability, like the Pacific decadal variability (PDV) and the Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV). As they alternate between warm and cold phases, the interplay between PDV and AMV varies over decadal to multidecadal timescales. Here, we use a causal discovery method to derive fingerprints in the Atlantic–Pacific interactions and to investigate their phase-dependent changes. Dependent on the phases of PDV and AMV, different regimes with characteristic causal fingerprints are identified in reanalyses in a first step. In a second step, a regime-oriented causal model evaluation is performed to evaluate the ability of models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) in representing the observed changing interactions between PDV, AMV and their extra-tropical teleconnections. The causal graphs obtained from reanalyses detect a direct opposite-sign response from AMV to PDV when analyzing the complete 1900–2014 period and during several defined regimes within that period, for example, when AMV is going through its negative (cold) phase. Reanalyses also demonstrate a same-sign response from PDV to AMV during the cold phase of PDV. Historical CMIP6 simulations exhibit varying skill in simulating the observed causal patterns. Generally, large-ensemble (LE) simulations showed better network similarity when PDV and AMV were out of phase compared to other regimes. Also, the two largest ensembles (in terms of number of members) were found to contain realizations with similar causal fingerprints to observations. For most regimes, these same models showed higher network similarity when compared to each other. This work shows how causal discovery on LEs complements the available diagnostics and statistical metrics of climate variability to provide a powerful tool for climate model evaluation.
Southern Europe and western Asian marine heatwaves (SEWA-MHWs): a dataset based on macroevents
Authors: Bonino Giulia , Masina Simona , Galimberti Giuliano , Moretti Matteo
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Marine heatwaves (MHWs) induce significant impacts on marine ecosystems. There is a growing need for knowledge about extreme climate events to better inform decision-makers on future climate-related risks. Here we present a unique observational dataset of MHW macroevents and their characteristics over the southern Europe and western Asian (SEWA) basins, named the SEWA-MHW dataset (https://doi.org//10.5281/zenodo.7153255; Bonino et al., 2022). The SEWA-MHW dataset is derived from the European Space Agency Sea Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative (ESA SST CCI) v2 dataset, and it covers the 1981–2016 period. The methodological framework used to build the SEWA-MHW dataset is the novelty of this work. First, the MHWs detected in each grid point of the ESA CCI SST dataset are relative to a time-varying baseline climatology. Since intrinsic fluctuation and anthropogenic warming are redefining the mean climate, the baseline considers both the trend and the time-varying seasonal cycle. Second, using a connected component analysis, MHWs connected in space and time are aggregated in order to obtain macroevents. Basically, a macroevent-based dataset is obtained from a grid cell-based dataset without losing high-resolution (i.e., grid cell) information. The SEWA-MHW dataset can be used for many scientific applications. For example, we identified phases of the well-known MHW of summer 2003, and taking advantage of statistical clustering methods, we clustered the largest macroevents in SEWA basins based on shared metrics and characteristics.
Short-term prediction of extreme sea-level at the Baltic Sea coast by Random Forests
Authors: Bellinghausen Kai , Hünicke Birgit , Zorita Eduardo
Published: March 2023

Abstract. We have designed a machine-learning method to predict the occurrence of extreme sea-level at the Baltic Sea coast with lead times of a few days. The method is based on a Random Forest Classifier and uses sea level pressure, surface wind, precipitation, and the prefilling state of the Baltic Sea as predictors for daily sea level above the 95 % quantile at seven tide-gauge stations representative of the Baltic coast. The method is purely data-driven and is trained with sea-level data from the Global Extreme Sea Level Analysis (GESLA) data set and from the meteorological reanalysis ERA5 of the European Centre for Mid-range Weather Forecasting. These records cover the period from 1960 to 2020 using one part of them to train the classifier and another part to estimate its out-of-sample prediction skill. The method is able to satisfactorily predict the occurrence of sea-level extremes at lead times of up to 3 days and to identify the relevant predictor regions. The sensitivity, measured as the proportion of correctly predicted extremes is, depending on the stations, of the order of 70 %. The proportion of false warnings, related to the specificity of the predictions, is typically as low as 10 to 20 %. For lead times longer than 3 days, the predictive skill degrades; for 7 days, it is comparable to a random skill. The importance of each predictor depends on the location of the tide gauge. Usually, the most relevant predictors are sea level pressure, surface wind and prefilling. Extreme sea levels in the Northern Baltic are better predicted by surface pressure and the meridional surface wind component. By contrast, for those located in the south, the most relevant predictors are surface pressure and the zonal wind component. Precipitation was not a relevant predictor for any of the stations analysed. The Random Forest classifier is not required to have considerable complexity and the computing time to issue predictions is typically a few minutes. The method can therefore be used as a pre-warning system triggering the application of more sophisticated algorithms to estimate the height of the ensuing extreme sea level or as a warning to run larger ensembles with physically based numerical models.
Brief communication: Glacier mapping and change estimation using very high-resolution declassified Hexagon KH-9 panoramic stereo imagery (1971–1984)
Authors: Ghuffar Sajid , King Owen , Guillet Grégoire , Rupnik Ewelina , Bolch Tobias
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The panoramic cameras (PCs) on board Hexagon KH-9 (KH-9PC) satellite missions from 1971–1984 captured very high-resolution stereo imagery with up to 60 cm spatial resolution. This study explores the potential of this imagery for glacier mapping and change estimation. We assess KH-9PC imagery using data from the KH-9 mapping camera (KH-9MC), KH-4PC, and SPOT and Pléiades satellite imagery. The high resolution of KH-9PC leads to higher-quality DEMs, which better resolve the accumulation region of the glaciers in comparison to the KH-9MC. On stable terrain, KH-9PC DEMs achieve an elevation accuracy of <4 m with respect to SPOT and Pléiades DEMs. While the estimated geodetic mass balances using PC and MC data are similar after outlier filtering, the elevation change data show superior spatial coverage and considerably less noise when using KH-9PC data.
Einstein’s Problem
Authors: Bergesen Albert J.
Published: March 2023

This paper focuses upon the human migratory trajectory from eons on planet Earth to slowly moving out into orbital space and whether world-systems theory must craft new theoretical frames to grasp the possible problems arising from the existence of a single social system comprised of actors distributed across terrestrial and orbital platforms, dubbed here as “Einstein’s Problem.”
Editorial Note
Authors: Grubačić Andrej , Murray Rallie
Published: March 2023

The editor's introduction for the Winter/Spring 2023 issue of Journal of World-Systems Research.
Terapia de rehabilitacion olfatoria en pacientes con sindrome pos-COVID-19
Authors: Angeletti Eros Miguel
Published: March 2023

El sentido del olfato desempeña una función importante en el desarrollo diario de la vida de las personas. Sus alteraciones pueden ser cualitativas (disosmias, parosmias o fantosmias) y cuantitativas (hiposmia o anosmia). Estas alteraciones pueden deberse por enfermedades rinosinusales, neurodegenerativas o infecciones respiratorias como el resfriado común, la gripe y también el SARS-CoV-2, el agente causal del COVID-19. En relación a esta etiología, su fisiopatología no es del todo clara y la anosmia es poco distinguible clínicamente del resto de las infecciones virales, con una duración variable desde ocho días hasta más de cuatro semanas, en cuyo caso se denomina síndrome pos-COVID-19 o COVID prolongado. Este cuadro se caracteriza por la presencia de síntomas que se desarrollan durante la enfermedad aguda por COVID-19, y que persisten durante más de cuatro semanas, sin explicación por un diagnóstico alternativo.

El autor de este artículo realiza una revisión de la literatura médica a partir de un caso clínico con el fin de identificar y resumir la evidencia disponible sobre la terapia de rehabilitación olfatoria.
An Experimental Approach to Determining the Effect of Geography Education on Raising Citizenship Awareness
Authors: Tuna Fikret
Published: March 2023

The main purpose of this study is to determine the effect of geography education on the acquisition of citizenship awareness with an experimental approach. A total of 140 students aged 16-18, who were studying at high schools, were included in the study. Firstly, the pre-test was applied to the participants, then 20 hours of online lessons were given in a total of 4 weeks, and finally, the post-test was applied. The data of the study were evaluated using quantitative analysis methods. The most basic finding of the research was that geography education significantly increased the citizenship awareness levels of students. Citizenship awareness levels of the students increased by 21% and this increase was found to be significant (p<0.05). And, the significant increase in all gender and GPA groups showed that geography education was beneficial for all students with different gender and achievement characteristics. Keywords: Citizenship Consciousness, Experimental Approach, Geography Education, Quantitative Research.
Does Innovation Affect Firm Value Study On Compas100 Index Companies For The 2016 - 2020 Period
Authors: Fitri Nanda Dwi , Suherman Suherman , Dalimunthe Sholatia
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine whether innovation has an impact on company value in the Kompas100 case study for the years 2016 to 2020. This study used purposive sampling to select 31 businesses for its sample. Secondary data were used, including annual reports and financial statements for each Kompas100 company from 2016 to 2020. Innovation using rnd costs is the independent variable in this study. The Tobin's Q proxy's value, on the other hand, serves as the study's dependent variable. This study found that innovation has no effect on company value.
The Role of Organizational Commitment in Mediating Core Capabilities on Employee Performance in Multifinance Companies in Serang City
Authors: Prastika Nindya Jeni , Ali Yusuf Furtasan , Nuryanto Uli Wildan
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of organizational commitment in mediating core capabilities on employee performance in Multifinance Companies in Serang City. The research method used is a quantitative method. Population in this study are 209 employees of Multifinance Companies in Serang City. Sample used is 105 people. This study uses inductive data analysis technique. The results of this study show that core capabilities has a significant effect on organizational commitment in Multifinance Companies in Serang City. Core capabilities has a significant effect on employee performance in Multifinance Companies in Serang City. Organizational commitment has a significant effect on employee performance in Multifinance Companies in Serang City. There is a significant effect between core capabilities on employee performance through organizational commitment.
Implementation of Numerical Integration Simpson 3/8 Rule to Develop a
Numerical Simpson Iterative Method for Solving Non-Linear Equations
Authors: Khalid Qureshi Umair
Published: March 2023

This research paper has developed a numerical iterative method by using Simpson 3/8 rule for solving non-linear equations, which equations are studied in different sciences and engineering fields. The developed technique has quadratic converge. This paper reflects the idea and more better results from the work of the authors of [7-8]. Examples are
given to show that the proposed iterative method is better than compared methods. Our developed method is compared with the Newton Raphson method and the Trapezoidal method. C++/MATLAB was used to compute the numerical results. It can be observed from the results that the simpson iterative method is better than the Newton Raphson method, and the Trapezoidal method in terms of iteration and accuracy perception.
Reproducing Kernel for Neumann Boundary Conditions
Authors: Patel Gautam , Patel Kaushal
Published: March 2023

We investigate a kernel space which is a particular class of Hilbert space. We discuss various properties of the reproducing kernel. In particular, our aim to construct kernel in reproducing space of the specific function space (Sobolev space) with the inner product and norm. Also, we derive the reproducing kernel for Neumann boundary conditions.
An optimal eighth-order multipoint numerical iterative method to find simple root of
scalar nonlinear equations
Authors: Ullah Malik Zaka
Published: March 2023

An optimal eighth-order multipoint numerical iterative method is constructed to find the
simple root of scalar nonlinear equations. It is a three-point numerical iterative method that uses three evaluations of func-tion f(¢) associated with a scalar nonlinear equation and one of its deriv-atives f0 (¢). The four functional evaluations are required to achieve the eighth-order convergence. According to Kung-Traub conjecture (KTC), an iterative numerical multipoint method without memory can achieve maximum order of convergence 2n¡1 where n is the total number of func-tion evaluations in a single instance of the method. Therefore, following the KTC, the proposed method in this article is
optimal.
Classes of Ordinary Differential Equations of Length Biased Exponential Distribution and their Solutions
Authors: Wahab Abdul , Iqbal Muhammad Zafar , Zeshan Ali Muhammad , Hameed Attia
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the work is to generate the ordinary differential equations and their
solutions for the probability density function, quantile rate function, survival rate function, inverse survival rate function, haz-ard rate function and reversed hazard rate function of the Length Biased Exponential Distribution. The ordinary differential equations and their so-lutions are obtained using the Math of differentiation and integration as a tool together with their boundary conditions. The boundaries and para-meters that portrayed the distribution unavoidably decide the nature, presence, uniqueness, arrangement and the various possible solutions of these ordinary differential equations are better approaches to understand these characteristics. The work will be helpful to analyze the lifetime growth or risk and is of great significance in the field of ecological studies. The method can be very useful for the other probability distributions and can serve as a substitute for the
approximation study.
Metric Based Fractional Dimension of Toeplitz Networks
Authors: Zafar Hassan , Javaid Muhammad
Published: March 2023

: Metric dimension is one of the distance based graph - theoretic parameters which is widely used in the various disciplines of sciences such as computer science, chemistry, and engineering. The local fractional metric dimension is latest derived form of metric dimension and it is used to find the solutions of integer programming problems. In this paper, we have computed local fractional metric dimension of different families of
Toeplitz networks. It is also proved that the local fractional metric dimension of these Toeplitz networks remain bounded when the order of the
networks approaches to infinity
Evaluation of Reliability Parameters of a Cement Manufacturing Plant by using Supplementary Variable Technique
Authors: Nasution Alvin Hamzah
Published: March 2023

In particular, Article 40 of Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and PKPU regulates that the curator may not take an inheritance during bankruptcy that descends to the bankrupt debtor unless it benefits the bankrupt assets. This piece specifically warns the curator not to become a bankrupt banker by being cautious when collecting the debtor's assets. In reality, it is not unusual for the debtor's heirs to decline to provide security for the seizure of the deceased debtor's assets to be used as collateral for repayment of the debt by the creditor. This refusal increases the weight of losses on unresolved/unsettled receivables for creditors as a result of the debtor's passing. Naturally, this raises issues with the legal elements of warranties and contract law. There are rights and responsibilities that cannot be resolved, and it is still unclear how the heirs of a deceased debtor who still owes money to creditors will be treated. The emphasis of this study is on the distinction between the bankruptcy-related positions of the debtor who receives an inheritance (the debtor) and the debtor who inherits it. The mechanism for listing debtor's assets as bankruptcy assets is the second study's main focus.

Keywords: Line Balancing, Moodie Young, Line Efficiency, Balance Delay, Smooth Index
The Babar Sari Water Quality Status of Analysis in Eco-Tech-Edu Tourism Planning Al-Amin Living Lab and Industrial Park
Authors: Fahruddin Siregar Hendra , Fitri Rahmadhani , . Novalinda
Published: March 2023

UNPAB is currently developing a use plan for 10 ha and is expected to cultivate a total of 20 ha of land. In this planning, UNPAB involves all study programs that are in its hands. Basic Concepts The development of the land meets the needs of learning, practicum, research, and innovation centers of UNPAB which can become an income generator. The flow of Babar Sari river looks clear and flows well, so this is used in the construction of living labs and industrial parks. To determine the burden of pollutants, it is necessary to carry out water analysis and water status analysis based on the Decree of the Minister of Environment no. 115 of 2003 concerning guidelines for water quality status. This study is an experimental descriptive study. COD levels are higher than BOD levels. Bod and COD levels were 83.53 mg/L and 40.7 mg/L, respectively, indicating that there are many organic compounds in the water. The value of COD is always higher than that of BOD, this is because many organic substances are chemically oxidized but cannot be biologically oxidized. A score of -18 belongs to class C or moderately polluted. Based on the US-EPA that Class C: moderate, score = -11 to -30 including moderate pollutants at the time of sampling was raining. And some of the previous days also rained successively and affected the BOD, COD, and DO values of the Babar Sari river. However, the Babar Sari river can be utilized by water management and management in the planning of the Al-Amin Living Lab and Industrial Park.

Keywords: Al-Amin Living Lab and Industrial Park, Water Quality, Water Quality Status
Chemical Characterization of Crude Phenolic Leaf Extract of Acalypha wilkesiana
Authors: Micheal Oguoma, Obinna , Uzoma Igwe, Chidi , Nwazue Nwaoguikpe, Reginald
Published: March 2023

Acalypha wilkesiana is a widely eaten vegetable, reportedly used traditionally in the management of hypertension, diabetes and as an antimicrobial agent, probably because of its rich phenolic composition. The phytochemical and phenolic profiles of the crude leaf extract of the plant were assessed using standard methods, and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Qualitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, tannin, steroids and saponins. GC-FID analysis revealed the presence of dihydrocytisine, ammodendrine, spartein, hydroxylupanine, ribalinidine, anthocyanin, flavone, flavonones, aphylidine, proanthocyanidin, isolupanine, narigenin, sapogenin, cardiac glycoside, tannin, and cyanogenic glycoside in varying proportions. GC-MS analysis identified 14 constituents with major ones being 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-, (Z) Citral (14.88 %), citral 2,6-Octadienal, 3,7-dimethyl-, (E) (16.9 %), cis-3-Hexenyl cis-3-hexenoate (10.59 %), trans-2,7-Dimethyl-4,6-octadien-2-ol (20.56 %) and 3,8,11-Trioxatetracyclo[4.4.1.0(2,4).0(7,9)] undecane (11.69 %). This study has shown that crude phenolic leaf extract of A. wilkesiana contains pharmacologically active compounds which support its traditional use in the treatment of oxidative stress related diseases and hence a potential candidate for drug discovery.

Keywords: Acalypha wilkesiana, phytochemicals, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Secondary metabolites.
Giant Osteochondroma of Tibia in a Case of Hereditary Multiple Exostoses: A Case Report
Authors: Balaji P Serene
Published: March 2023

Osteochondromas, aka exostoses, are benign neoplasms of the cartilage. Genetic mutations of the EXT1 and EXT2 genes leads to a syndrome causing multiple osteochondromas, namely the hereditary multiple exostoses. Among the complications related to multiple osteochondromas, malignant degeneration into chondrosarcoma has the worst prognosis. Sudden enlargement of size of an osteochondroma or sudden onset of pain at the site of previous osteochondroma in a skeletally mature patient is concerning for malignant transformation. However, the size criterion does not apply for skeletally immature individuals, as observed in the case report here. The imaging of an uncommonly large osteochondroma of the extremity in a skeletally immature patient with hereditary multiple exostoses has been described here. Normal thickness of the cartilage cap (<3cm) proved the benignity of the lesion on imaging, thereby nullifying the size criterion in the skeletally immature.

Keywords: Hereditary multiple exostoses, Osteochondroma, Cartilage cap, Heparan sulphate, Bayonet deformity, Chondrosarcoma.
Revisiting Latex Gloves in Healthcare -
A Post-Market Clinical Study
Authors: Mohan S Murali , P Niranjan , K S Ramya
Published: March 2023

Sterile Surgical Gloves are worn to prevent contamination of the patient during invasive procedures and they help prevent surgical site infections and reduce the risk of exposure to blood and body fluid pathogens for the healthcare worker. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the safety and performance of Sterile Latex Surgical Gloves- Powdered and Powder Free, Sterile Latex Gynaecological Gloves- Powdered and Powder Free. Overall, 976 subjects participated in the study, out of which sterile latex surgical gloves were used by the users in 288 cases. Sterile latex surgical gloves powder free was used by users in 291 cases. Sterile Latex Gynaecological Gloves Powdered were used by users in 201 cases and Sterile Latex Gynaecological Gloves Powder Free was used in196 cases. From the clinical safety parameter analysis, sterile latex surgical gloves were safe to use and none of the users reported safety-related issues. The overall rating given by the user for product performance was excellent for all the products. All the users agreed that the product is meeting the product quality. The overall rating given by the user for product satisfaction is Excellent. None of the users have reported any undesirable events.

Keywords: gloves, latex, allergy, healthcare workers
Developing Kodular-Based Electronic Glossary of Anglicism as Teaching Tool
Authors: Hutapea William Anderson , . Marice , Friska Junita
Published: March 2023

This study aims to discuss the process of developing electronic glossary to be a product, which called glossnique. The development process is carried out by material and media feasibilities involving four validators in order the development results are feasible to apply by students. The research was adapted using the ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) proposed by Robert Maribe Branch although the research was only focused on the development stage. In the material validation process, the average value of 95% was obtained, so the development was categorized very good. Meanwhile, in the media validation process, the average value of 91.4% was gained, and the result was classified as very good. Thus, overall, the development of media which is based on augmented reality applications is said to be valid or feasible and it can be implemented for teaching and can be used by students.

Keywords: Development, Media, Glossary, Glossnique
Analysis of Demand and Supply of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in North Sumatra Province
Authors: Horathius Saragih Andre Leo , . Lindawati , Supriana Tavi
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyze demand and supply of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in North Sumatra Province. The determination of the research area is carried out purposively. The research is conducted in North Sumatra Province. The data used in this study is secondary data in the form of a time series starting from 1990 to 2021. Secondary data is collected from the Central Bureau of Statistics for North Sumatra Province, the Agriculture Office for North Sumatra Province, the Ministry of Trade and the Food Security Agency for North Sumatra Province as well as other relevant agencies as well as other publications or publications, namely journals and research results. Data analysis in this study used a partial test (t). The results show that workers have a positive and insignificant effect on supply of tomato. Subsidized fertilizer prices have a negative and insignificant effect on supply of tomato. Tomato area has a positive and significant effect on supply of tomato. Domestic price of tomato has a positive and insignificant effect on demand of tomato. Total population has a positive and significant effect on demand of tomato. Price of complementary good has a negative and insignificant effect on demand of tomato. Income per capita has a negative and insignificant effect on demand of tomato.

Keywords: Demand, Supply, Tomato
Archetypal Symbols and The Hero’s Journey of Alice in Wonderland Film
Authors: Dewi Rohmatul Fitriyah , A Darini Yusrina
Published: March 2023

Myth is a classic story about heroes who explain the origins of natural occurrences. Myth is not always given historically since the modern one will continue to evolve and impact cinema creation. This study aimed to look at the categorization of Campbell's "hero's journey" and the archetypal symbols under Segal's theory, as provided by the main character in the Alice in Wonderland film. The data for this study was taken from a plotline in Woolverton's Alice in Wonderland. The study's findings suggested that the film had a tight relationship with a myth. The primary characters, including Alice, the Red Queen, and the White Queen, symbolized archetypal emblems of light and evil. Alice could eventually complete the hero's journey, beginning with departure, reaching a climax in the initiation stage, and reaching the return stage as the significant point of the movie's plot and the same fundamental structure in the myths.
Teachers’ Challenges and Students’ Response to Project-Based Learning in English Subject
Authors: Winarno
Published: March 2023

This study was conducted to (1) describe project-based learning in the English subject at the vocational high school (SMK Kesehatan Kaltara); (2) describe the challenges or difficulties English teachers encountered in implementing project-based learning in the English subject at the vocational high school (SMK Kesehatan Kaltara); and (3) reveal the students’ responses on PjBL implementation. This study applied a mixed method (Creswell, 2014). The data were collected with observation, questionnaires, and interviews. Then, they were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman formula, including data reduction, data display, and conclusions: drawing/verifying. Based on the analysis, the findings indicate that: (1) English teachers at the school had successfully implemented project-based learning; and (2) the teachers found some following problems: lack of time, learning resources and tools in preparation, difficulty in distributing the whole topic for different groups, time limitation in the class, difficulty in monitoring the activities of the groups and their members, (3) in general the students have positive responses on all learning aspects.