bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukasi Dampak Eksploitasi Dan Potensi Pemanfaatan Ekosistem Sungai Bagi Masyarakat Penambang Pasir Ilegal Di Desa Belotan, Bendo, Magetan
Authors: Pujiati Pujiati , Waraulia Asri Musandi , Lestari Sri
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

The mining industry adds the country’s income and engage employment. In contrast, it also prones to environmental destruction. Many mining activities that invite the spotlight of the surrounding community due to environmental destruction, endanger the safety of the lives of miners, trigger natural disasters and also socio-economic problems. To reduce the number of sand miners, especially in Belotan village, Magetan, this partnership program was created with the aim of providing knowledge to the community about the importance of maintaining river ecosystems and the potential benefit from river ecosystems. The method used in this activity is a survey, giving an extension questionnaire about the importance of maintaining river ecosystems, monitoring and evaluation. Based on this program,it can be concluded that there was improvement of societies understanding related to: 1)the impact of illegal of sand mining and 2) how to exploit river properly. It is proven by more than  60 % respondents agree with the usefulness of the material that has been presented and get new information about river potential in village area

ABSTRAK

 

Industri pertambangan selain mendatangkan devisa dan menyedot lapangan kerja juga rawan terhadap pengrusakan lingkungan. Banyak kegiatan penambangan yang mengundang sorotan masyarakat sekitarnya karena pengrusakan lingkungan, membahayakan keselamatan jiwa penambang, memicu terjadinya bencana alam dan juga masalah sosial ekonomi. Untuk mengurangi jumlah penambang pasir khususnya di desa Belotan, Magetan maka program kemitraan ini dibuat dengan tujuan memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya menjaga ekosistem sungai dan potensi pemanfaatan ekosistem sungai yang baik dan benar. Metode yang dipakai dalam kegiatan ini adalah survey, pemberian kuisioner  penyuluhan tentang pentingnya menjaga ekosistem sungai, monitoring dan evaluasi. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan diketahui bahwa terjadi peningkatan mengenai pemahaman masyarakat mengenai dampak penambangan pasir secara ilegal dan peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai pemanfaatan sungai dengan baik dan benar. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan lebih dari 60% responden setuju dan mengetahui tentang kebermanfaatan materi yang disajikan dengan mendapatkan pengetahuan baru tentang potensi sungai di area desa.
Pemanfaatan Permainan Bahasa Menjadi Produk Usaha Kaos Berbasis Bisnis Kata di Kelompok Karang Taruna Desa Parangargo Kecamatan Wagir Kabupaten Malang untuk Mendukung Ekonomi Kreatif
Authors: Kinanti Kingkin Puput , Astuti Endang Setiyo , Nurdahlia Dwi Ulfa
Published: May 2020

The activities of Society Partnership Program (PKM) was carried out together with the youth organization of Karang Taruna MAATOON in Parangargo village, Wagir sub district, Malang Regency. The purposes of the activities are 1) to empower the youth to become entrepreneurs and get involved in developing creative economy, 2) to develop the skill of designing words, phrases, and sentences used to produce saleable word-based T-shirts, like Dagadu and Joger, 3) to facilitate the Karang Taruna in producing and marketing the products. In order to achieve the purposes, on the aspects of production and management, some trainings and workshops have been already done, such as training of word designing through Corel Draw application and workshop of finance management and digital marketing. These activities of Society Partnership Program (PKM) were done in stages, namely preparation, program planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Pelatihan Dan Pendampingan Penulisan Artikel Ilmiah Hasil Penelitian Bermuatan Pendidikan Karakter Bagi Guru Mi Se-K3MI Kecamatan Kedungkandang 1 Kota Malang
Authors: Sumarsilah Siti , Susandi Susandi , Rachman Anita Kurnia
Published: May 2020

Teachers have the obligation to write articles as a form of creativity and achievement. Writing articles better in accordance with the field of science they have. Referring to the problem of the difficulty of writing scientific articles in the Teacher Working Group in K3-MI in Kedungkandang District 1, namely the teacher has not been able to choose themes, frameworks, write paragraphs, and determine theories in writing articles. Solutions offered, namely the teacher writes articles according to interests. Before writing articles it's better to write an article framework. Paragraph compilation which is cohesion and coherence. Theory for strengthening ideas and ideas. The method used aims to produce skills in writing articles. This stage includes discussion of work plans, training activities include the provision of theoretical and practical material, with a composition of 30% theory and 70% practice. Article writing activities are carried out with guidance. Program evaluation and monitoring to provide solutions to problems. Skill improvement for participants is in accordance with experiential learning theory. The trainees who are increasingly active in the training activities, the more knowledge they have because the more information they get. The conclusion of this activity is that teachers are better off writing articles according to their interests. Before writing an article it would be better to write a framework. Good writing is generated from the preparation of paragraphs that are cohesion and coherence. Theory is needed to strengthen ideas and ideas in writing.
PEMANFAATAN BOOKLET KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA PUTRI DI SMP 1 NEGERI I NDONA KABUPATEN ENDE
Authors: Budiana Irwan , Doondori Anatalia K. , Bedho Marthiana , Owa Khrispina
Published: May 2020

This community service aims to empower young women to prevent early reproductive health problems. The methods used in this community service activity are screening, lecture, discussion, simulation and practice. While the stages of problem solving are field observation, problem identification, solution offerings, activity design, implementation, evaluation and monitoring and integration. The results of these activities are age over 14 years (50.0%), menstrual periods up to 4 days (35.5%), changing pads two to 3 times per day (78.9%), height 140 to 150 cm (50.00 %), body weight of 30 to 45 kg (81.6%), the color of milk white mucus (81.6%), the amount of mucus that comes out is small (63.2%) and itching in the genital area is felt occasionally (68.4%). The implementation of community service is expected to produce an outcome in the form of the results of activities in an accredited journal with ISSN.
PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU MADRASAH DALAM BIDANG PENULISAN KARYA TULIS ILMIAH UNTUK MENDUKUNG GERAKAN AYO MEMBANGUN MADRASAH (GERAMM)
Authors: Bahtiar Akhmad Sruji , Wafi Abdul
Published: May 2020

The movement let's build a madrasa (GERAMM) is a madrasa innovation program to improve quality towards a great and dignified madrasa. Among the GERAMM programs, one of them is the Madrasah Literacy Movement (GELEM) program with the aim of generating literacy activities in madrasah with the main target of teachers, principals, supervisors and students. The problem in this service is how to improve the quality of teachers in the field of writing scientific papers especially writing (a) research proposals, (b) reports of research results, and (c) scientific publications. The method used in this service is a workshop in which it is conducted with lectures, discussions and questions and answers. The results of the workshop were able to improve the ability of teachers in the field of scientific papers by 31% from the initial value before the workshop. The contribution of this service is to realize literacy programs in madrasas by equipping teachers with scientific writing skills, the GERAMM program is able to boost madrasa innovation towards superior madrasas.
KEGIATAN PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DAN PENGHIJAUAN OLEH DASA WISMA AZALEA RT 3 RW 16 DESA MANGLIAWAN KECAMATAN PAKIS KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Bekti Susilo , Pangestuti Ardian Anjar , Fitriani Enis
Published: May 2020

The Environmental Office OF Malang Regency (DLH) noted that the amount of waste produced by the people of Malang Regency reached 1004.58 tons/day and as many as 273.33 tons/day waste could not be utilized. Dasa Wisma Azalea is one of the environmental activist community in RT 03 RW 16 Mangliawan Village, Pakis Subistrict, Malang Regency. The thought from the members of Dasa Wisma Azalea stated that the members of community took part in increasing the amount of waste generation in Malang Regency. Based on this thought Dasa Wisma Azalea carried out efforts to manage waste generated by the members of community and plant a variety of useful plants. The programs carried out by Dasa Wisma Azalea include conducting comparative study activity, procuring inorganic storage areas, procuring composter barrels, sorting organic and inorganic waste, making organic fertilizer, sorting inorganic waste, utilizing inorganic waste, buying family medicinal plants (TOGA), vegetables, fruit-producing plants and ornamental plants, as well as maintaining and harvesting the plants. These activity program worked well, this was proven by the RT 03 environment got the 3rd rank in the environmental competition in August 2018 whereas in the previous year RT 03 got the 7th rank.
STRATEGI PEMBERANTASAN BUTA HURUF MELALUI SPAS PADA MASYARAKAT TOMBOLO KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Amir Arfenti , Akhiruddin Akhiruddin , Fitriana Eka
Published: May 2020

The aim of this community services was conducted to sharpen of respondents’ sensitivity and the ability to identify, understand, interpreter, make, communicate, and count. In the end of this program, to involve the learning continuously in which individuals probably got their goals, to develop their knowledge and capacity, and full participation of their community and in whole community. Method was applied in this program namely method that emphasized the respondents’ participation. There were three steps in implementing the programs namely: (1) planning, (2) action, (3) evaluation stages. There were 40 respondents from their ages beginning from 12 to 55 years old and they had productive age.   

The results of this community services, there were increasing respondents’ literacy each kinds of community services more than 70%. Based on post test results showed that there were 90% (36 respondents) had to be able to read, 92% (37 respondents) had to be able to write, and 85% (34 respondents) had to be able to count. 87.5% (35 respondents) had to be able to read Al-Quran. Based on the results obtained from this community service program, so it was stated success to motivate community got out from illiterate.
APLIKASI MICROBUBBLE GENERATOR POROUS-VENTURI PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH BUATAN
Authors: Lathifa Putri Afisna  , Juwana Wibawa Endra
Published: May 2020

Abstrak

Keterbatasan air bersih akibat terjadinya pencemaran air dari limbah rumah tangga dan industri maka perlu mengembangkan sebuah alat teknologi pengolahan air limbah yang ramah lingkungan dan instalasi yang mudah. Microbubble generator (MBG) digunakan untuk menghasilkan oksigen yang diperlukan oleh bakteri untuk melakukan dekomposisi air limbah. Pada penelitian ini didesain MBG porous-venturi dipasang pada kolam air limbah buatan. Parameter yang akan diukur koefisien perpindahan massa (KLa), kadar dissolved oxygen (DO) dan chemical oxygen demand (COD). Nilai KLa diukur dengan menggunakan DO meter yang dipasang sejauh 60 cm dan 180 cm dari MBG. Debit air diatur 30-80 lpm dan debit gas 0,1, 0,4 dan 1 lpm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kenaikan debit air pada semua jarak pengukuran menyebabkan nilai KLa semakin naik, namun kenaikan debit gas tidak mempengaruhi secara signifikan. Nilai DO yang semakin tinggi akan mengurangi kadar COD dalam air limbah buatan dibawah 100 mg/L.

Kata kunci: Microbubble, venturi, DO, COD, KLa
TRAINING ON THE BLENDED LEARNING DESIGN AS A SUPPLEMENT TO A LEARNING APPROACH AT PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Authors: SUHARTONO SUHARTONO , JAMALUDIN JAMALUDIN , SUMIYATI Sri
Published: May 2020

SD Negeri Purworejo is a primary school with adequate learning facility, such as computer laboratories, projectors, and internet connection. Although teachers, students, and parents have the access and the skills to use information technology, the school facility has not been optimally used. It is assumed that the application of such skills and the use of school facility will improve the learning process and the students’ learning outcomes. In this case, information technology is used to combine a face-to-face learning process and an online learning process, which is known as “blended learning”. The twenty-four teachers of SD Negeri Purworejo did not have prior experience with the blended learning process, although they have the potential to apply it in their class. The solution for this is to hold a workshop on Blended Learning. The materials of the workshop should include blended learning planning, blended learning practical implementation, and information on the supporting materials required in blended learning. The methods used in the workshop are lecture, practicum, and simulation. The outcomes are offline and online lesson plans.
IMPROVEMENT OF NATIONALISM REFLECTED IN PANCASILA'S 3rd SILA THROUGH THE ART OF REOG KENDHANG
Authors: DJATMIKO Andreas Andrie
Published: May 2020

Community Service is one of the programs that are needed by the community today. This is done as an effort to respond to the needs of the community and is real program and realistic, especially in the fields of education, social, economic and cultural. Community Service Program is a program that is learning, studying and serving that is realized in the form of introduction and appreciation of community development through the clarity of planned change programs and problem solving methods regarding the ability to choose and use the right skills.

A big nation is a nation that wants to respect its culture. Indonesia has a diversity of cultures that are characteristic and assets of the Indonesian nation. But most of the younger generation has forgotten a lot of the culture of the nation. The tendency of the younger generation now prefers outside cultures and many younger generations are less able to sort out most of which have negative impacts rather than a positive impact on themselves and others as well as the environment. There is a need for character education so that the younger generation can be relied upon in the future according to the nation's culture, such as being responsible for mutual cooperation, mutual assistance and good manners.

Reog Kendhang's art proves that local culture can increase the sense of community nationalism and be able to become social controls so as not to fall into bad lifestyle. The formation of a national culture that can truly reunite all components of the nation's culture, therefore it is necessary to have a deeper introduction to history and cultural heritage in search of the identity of a pluralistic Indonesian society.
PKM PENERAPAN MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKER (MPPT) PADA SISTEM POMPA AIR SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC (SPV) UNTUK RW8 KELURAHAN ROWOSARI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: NURHARYATI1 Titik , SUDARMANTO Bambang , MARGIANTONO Agus
Published: May 2020

Rowosari Urban Village is a village located in Tembalang District, Semarang City. The Rowosari Urban Village has an area of ​​719,577 Ha at an altitude of 47 m above sea level with an average rainfall of 2,000 mm / year, an average temperature of 300C. According to Purwoko, SH, Head of Rowosari Village, when met by the Community Partnership Program Team (PKM) in the Rowosari Kelurahan office, problems in Rowosari Kelurahan, especially in RW 8, one of which was the high electricity bill, especially for public facilities such as prayer rooms and low human resources (HR) ), therefore the purpose of this PKM is to reduce electricity bills and increase the human resources of the Rowosari Kelurahan, Tembalang District, Semarang City through training in the Implementation of the Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT) in the Water Pump System. To overcome the problems of partners especially the priority that must be addressed, the University of Semarang PKM team used a method with 3 stages of activities namely HR Enhancement through Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) assembly training, Assistance in Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) assembly, and Installation of electric pumps that produced from Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV). The results of this PKM activity are water pumps in wells in the RT.02 / RW mosque. 8 Kelurahan Rowosari has used a Solar Photo Voltaic Water Pump (SPV).
PEMANFAATAN DIGITAL LIBRARY PADA PERPUSTAKAAN KAMPUNG PENDIDIKAN DESA KUAJANG KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Safriansyah  , MS Nur Hafsah Yunus , TAHIR Arifin , Syarli  , Wahyuddin
Published: May 2020

The lack of interest in reading nowadays is one of the factors in the decline of the nation's regeneration that loves literacy. The Education Village Library Group of Kuajang Village, Binuang District is one of the literacy movements established in Kuajang Village. This library is part of a project of teenagers and hamlet residents to build a literacy village to feel the equal distribution of education without having to abandon the value of local wisdom. In addition, it also aims to increase public interest in reading through the development of an appropriate technology as a solution, namely the digital library. The method of implementation is in accordance with the planning stages that have been prepared, namely the stages of activities that begin with the coordination and analysis of needs (Phase I), digital library application design (Phase II), application integration in the framework model (Phase III), and the use of systems in the field (Stage IV). The results show that the application development uses the OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) model that can facilitate the user in the process of searching for books and the initial display of the digital library system in the form of a catalog. To optimize the use and utilization of this application, training is carried out to users and managers of the Education Village Library Group. In addition, periodic monitoring and assistance will be carried out to ensure the use of this system can be operated and the benefits are felt by the community
RESEARCH OF INDICATORS OF A VEHICLE WITH A DIESEL WORKING ON DIESEL AND DIESEL GAS CYCLES USING THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL
Authors: Kovbasenko Serhii , Holyk Andriy , Hutarevych Serhii
Published: May 2020

The features of an advanced mathematical model of motion of a truck with a diesel engine operating on the diesel and diesel gas cycles are presented in the article. As a result of calculations using the mathematical model, a decrease in total mass emissions as a result of carbon monoxide emissions is observed due to a decrease in emissions of nitrogen oxides and emissions of soot in the diesel gas cycle compared to the diesel cycle. The mathematical model of a motion of a truck on a city driving cycle according to GOST 20306-90 allows to study the fuel-economic, environmental and energy indicators of a diesel and diesel gas vehicle. The results of the calculations on the mathematical model will make it possible to conclude on the feasibility of converting diesel vehicles to using compressed natural gas.
Object of the study – the fuel-economic, environmental and energy performance diesel engine that runs on dual fuel system using CNG.
Purpose of the study – study of changes in fuel, economic, environmental and energy performance of vehicles with diesel engines operating on diesel and diesel gas cycles, according to urban driving cycle modes.
Method of the study – calculations on a mathematical model and comparison of results with road tests.
Bench and road tests, results of calculations on the mathematical model of motion of a truck with diesel, working on diesel and diesel gas cycles, show the improvement of environmental performance of diesel vehicles during the converting to compressed natural gas in operation. Improvement of environmental performance is obtained mainly through the reduction of soot emissions and nitrogen oxides emissions from diesel gas cycle operations compared to diesel cycle operations.
The results of the article can be used to further develop dual fuel system using CNG.
Keywords: diesel engine, diesel gas engine, CNG
DETERMINATION OF PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF THE TRUCK KrAZ-6510TE
Authors: Pavlenko Olexandr , Dun Serhii , Skliar Maksym
Published: May 2020

In any economy there is a need for the bulky goods transportation which cannot be divided into smaller parts. Such cargoes include building structures, elements of industrial equipment, tracked or wheeled construction and agricultural machinery, heavy armored military vehicles. In any case, tractor-semitrailer should provide fast delivery of goods with minimal fuel consumption. In order to guarantee the goods delivery, tractor-semitrailers must be able to overcome the existing roads broken grade and be capable to tow a semi-trailer in off-road conditions. These properties are especially important for military equipment transportation. The important factor that determines a tractor-semitrailer mobility is its gradeability.
The purpose of this work is to improve a tractor-semitrailer mobility with tractor units manufactured at PJSC “AutoKrAZ” by increasing the tractor-semitrailer gradeability. The customer requirements for a new tractor are determined by the maximizing the grade to 18°. The analysis of the characteristics of modern tractor-semitrailers for heavy haulage has shown that the highest rate of this grade is 16.7°.
The factors determining the limiting gradeability value were analyzed, based on the tractor-semitrailer with a KrAZ-6510TE tractor and a semi-trailer with a full weight of 80 t. It has been developed a mathematical model to investigate the tractor and semi-trailer axles vertical reactions distribution on the tractor-semitrailer friction performances. The mathematical model has allowed to calculate the gradeability value that the tractor-semitrailer can overcome in case of wheels and road surface friction value and the tractive force magnitude from the engine. The mathematical model adequacy was confirmed by comparing the calculations results with the data of factory tests.
The analysis showed that on a dry road the KrAZ-6510TE tractor with a 80 t gross weight semitrailer is capable to climb a gradient of 14,35 ° with its coupling mass full use condition. The engine's maximum torque allows the tractor-semitrailer to overcome a gradient of 10.45° It has been determined the ways to improve the design of the KrAZ-6510TE tractor to increase its gradeability.
Keywords: tractor, tractor-semitrailer vehicle mobility, tractor-semitrailer vehicle gradeability.
CLASSIFICATION AND APPLICATION OF SOILS STABILIZED WITH HYDRAULIC BINDER IN ACCORDANCE WITH EUROPEAN STANDARDS
Authors: Tereshchenko Tatiana , Illiash Serhii
Published: May 2020

Soils being the most widely used materials for road building industry predominantly contribute the improvement of their mechanical and/or technological properties. Relating to the world-wide experience in road building industry, the most effective method for such improvement is treatment of soils with hydraulic binder under optimum water content. Those mixtures being properly compacted set and harden by hydraulic reaction and give stabilized soils. Requirements and classification of hydraulically stabilized soils established by European standards provide wide possibilities for soils application considering their performance in pavement layers. The elaboration of Ukrainian standards identical to the European standards relating hydraulically stabilized soils should permit the elongated life cycle of pavement and also decrease expenses on repairs of road pavements caused by deformation of sub-grade. This article reviews classification and application of hydraulically stabilized soils according to the requirements of European standards. In accordance with European standards, stabilized soils are classified as hydraulically bound mixtures which properties are covered by Specifications on Hydraulically Bound Mixtures (European Standard EN 14227, Part 15). To conform the standard requirements soils should be treated by standard hydraulic binder (or a combination thereof): cement, slag, fly ash, lime, or a standard hydraulic road binder should be applied. Composition and methods of manufacturing (compaction) of specimens of hydraulically stabilized soils give several strength classes of stabilized materials with the highest category characterized by the cubes compressive strength not less than 12 MPa. European standards establish also classification of hydraulically stabilized soils by tensile strength Rt in combination with elastic modulus E; according to that classification the stabilized materials are divided into five categories from T1 to T5. European standards establish also classification of fresh mixtures by immediate bearing index. This value determines the suitability of a compacted layer to support the immediate trafficking. Nevertheless, that requirement may not cover cement-stabilized mixtures for construction of layers which are not intended to be trafficked for 7 days. The in-situ manufacture of stabilized mixtures needs some measures to minimize the inadequacy of properties of a material, or geometry of a layer such as an increased proportion of a binder or an increased layer thickness. Keywords: hydraulically stabilized soils, classification, compressive strength, immediate bearing index, construction of a layer.
ANALYSIS OF REGULATIONS REGARDING THE SETTLEMENT OF ISSUES ON THE REMOVAL AND RECOVERY OF PLANTATIONS IN THE RIGHT-OF-WAY OF PUBLIC ROADS
Authors: Kharytonova Nataliia , Mykolaienko Olha , Lozova Tetyana
Published: May 2020

Greening of roads contributes to the protection of roads and their elements from influence of adverse weather and climatic factors; it includes the measures for improvement and landscaping of roads, ensures the protection of roadside areas from transport pollution, provides visual orientation of drivers. The solution of these issues will ensure creation and maintenance of safe and comfortable conditions for travelers.
Green plantings in the right-of-way road area include woody, bushy, flower and grass vegetation of natural and artificial origin.
For proper operation of public roads and satisfaction of other needs of the industry, there may be the need in removing the greenery.
The reason for the removal of greenery in the right-of-way road area may be due to the following factors: construction of the architectural object, widening of the motor road, repair works in the security zone of overhead power lines, water supply, drainage, heating, telecommunications facilities, cutting of hazardous, dry and fautal trees, as well as self-grown and brushwood trees with a root neck diameter not exceeding 5 cm, elimination of the consequences of natural disasters and emergencies.
The removal of plantations in the right-of-way area is executed in order to ensure traffic safety conditions and to improve the quality of plantations composition and their protective properties. Nowadays, in Ukraine there is no clear procedure for issuing permits for removing of such plantations. In order to resolve this issue, there is a need in determining the list of regulations in the area of forest resources of Ukraine and, if needed, the list of regulatory acts that have to be improved; to prepare a draft of the regulatory legal act that would establish the procedure of plantations cutting, the methodology of their condition determination, recovery costs determination, the features of cutting.
Keywords: plantations, cutting, right-of-way, woodcutting permit, order.
Neoplastic and Non-neoplastic Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage in CT Brain Scans: Machine Learning-Based Prediction Using Radiomic Image Features
Authors: Nawabi Jawed , Kniep Helge , Kabiri Reza , Broocks Gabriel , Faizy Tobias D. , Thaler Christian , Schön Gerhard , Fiehler Jens , Hanning Uta
Published: May 2020

Background: Early differentiation of neoplastic and non-neoplastic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) can be difficult in initial radiological evaluation, especially for extensive ICHs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of a machine learning-based prediction of etiology for acute ICHs based on quantitative radiomic image features extracted from initial non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) brain scans.

Methods: The analysis included NECT brain scans from 77 patients with acute ICH (n = 50 non-neoplastic, n = 27 neoplastic). Radiomic features including shape, histogram, and texture markers were extracted from non-, wavelet-, and log-sigma-filtered images using regions of interest of ICH and perihematomal edema (PHE). Six thousand and ninety quantitative predictors were evaluated utilizing random forest algorithms with five-fold model-external cross-validation. Model stability was assessed through comparative analysis of 10 randomly drawn cross-validation sets. Classifier performance was compared with predictions of two radiologists employing the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC).

Results: The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of the test sets for predicting neoplastic vs. non-neoplastic ICHs was 0.89 [95% CI (0.70; 0.99); P < 0.001], and specificities and sensitivities reached >80%. Compared to the radiologists' predictions, the machine learning algorithm yielded equal or superior results for all evaluated metrics. The MCC of the proposed algorithm at its optimal operating point (0.69) was significantly higher than the MCC of the radiologist readers (0.54); P = 0.01.

Conclusion: Evaluating quantitative features of acute NECT images in a machine learning algorithm provided high discriminatory power in predicting non-neoplastic vs. neoplastic ICHs. Utilized in the clinical routine, the proposed approach could improve patient care at low risk and costs.
The Reported Use of Nosebands in Racing and Equestrian Pursuits
Authors: Weller Dominic , Franklin Samantha , Shea Glenn , White Peter , Fenner Kate , Wilson Bethany , Wilkins Cristina , McGreevy Paul
Published: May 2020

This article reports on the results of a survey designed to explore the types of nosebands that owners, riders and trainers use in training and competition, their reasons for using nosebands, the design preferences in different disciplines and approaches to noseband tightness and monitoring, as well as the incidence of negative impacts related to noseband usage. Respondents (n = 3040) were asked to specify the type of noseband they were currently using and to rate how effective they were in achieving these stated reasons. Respondents who used nosebands (n = 2332) most commonly used Plain Cavesson (46.6%, n = 1087) and Hanoverian (24.8%, n = 579) nosebands. The reasons provided in the survey for noseband usage were grouped into three broad, mutually exclusive categories: Anatomical; Consequential and Passive. Responses across these categories were fairly evenly distributed overall: Anatomical (29.5%, n = 1501), Consequential (30.6%, n = 1560), Passive (32.9%, n = 1673) and other reasons (7.0%, n = 358). Across all respondents (n = 2332), the most common Anatomical reason given was to prevent the horse’s tongue from moving over the bit (20.8%, n = 485), the most common Consequential reason was to improve the appearance of the horse (20.4%, n = 476), with aligning with the rules of the sport (30.2%, n = 705) the most popular Passive reason. Of the respondents who answered the question of checking noseband tightness (n = 2295), most reported checking noseband tightness at the bridge of the nose (62.1%, n = 1426), some (10.4%, n = 238) reported checking for tightness on the side of the face and others under the chin (21.5%, n = 496). This survey also revealed some of the potential issues associated with noseband use, with 18.6% (n = 434) reporting at least one physical or behavioural complication. The most common complication was hair loss under the noseband (39.9%, n = 173). Crank systems were reported to be used by 28.9% (n = 665) of respondents. This is of concern as these devices can be excessively tightened, minimising jaw and tongue movement and may compromise horse welfare. Indeed, the current data in our study show that these devices are associated with an increased risk of complications being reported. Against the backdrop of potential harm to horse welfare associated with restrictive nosebands, this report may serve as a guide for future regulations and research. It helps improve our understanding of noseband preferences and their use in different disciplines.
Fatty Acid Composition and Oxidative Stability of the Lipid Fraction of Skin-On and Skinless Fillets of Prussian Carp (Carassius gibelio)
Authors: Skałecki Piotr , Kaliniak-Dziura Agnieszka , Domaradzki Piotr , Florek Mariusz , Kępka Monika
Published: May 2020

The aim of the study was to compare the fatty acid profile and content and the oxidative stability of the lipid fraction of Prussian Carp (Carassius gibelio) fillets with and without skin. Carp specimens were obtained in spring from a fish farm located in the Lublin Voivodeship. The research material consisted of skin-on (n = 12) and skinless (n = 12) fillets (hand-filleted). Their chemical composition (water, ash, protein, and fat content), calorific value, and nutritional quality index (NQI) were analysed, as well as their fatty acid content and profile. The oxidative stability of the lipids was assessed on the basis of the peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value, and the content of the conjugated dienes and trienes (CD and CT), while determination of the degree of fat hydrolysis was based on the acid value (AV) and free fatty acids (FFA). The Carp fillet with skin contained significantly (p ≤ 0.01) more fat (by 2.69 pp) and calories (by 92.16 kJ∙100 g−1) than the skinless fillet, and over three times as much n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), including eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. In the skin-on fillet, the lipid oxidation and hydrolysis parameters were significantly higher, but did not deviate from the values specified for fresh fish and/or fish fit for consumption.
The Effect of Age, Stage of the Annual Production Cycle and Pregnancy-Rank on the Relationship between Liveweight and Body Condition Score in Extensively Managed Romney Ewes
Authors: Semakula Jimmy , Corner-Thomas Rene Anne , Morris Stephen , Blair Hugh , Kenyon Paul
Published: May 2020

This study determined the nature of the relationship between liveweight and body condition score (BCS) and assessed the influence of the stage of the annual cycle and pregnancy-rank on the relationship between liveweight and BCS in Romney ewes. Data were collected from the same ewes at different ages (8–18, 19–30, 31–42, 43–54, 55–66 and ≥67 months), stages of the annual cycle (pre-breeding, at pregnancy diagnosis, pre-lambing and weaning) and pregnancy-rank (non-pregnant, single or twin). Linear regression was determined as being sufficient to accurately describe the relationship between liveweight and BCS. Across all data, a one-unit change in BCS was associated with 6.2 ± 0.05 kg liveweight, however, this differed by stage of the cycle, pregnancy-rank and ewe age (p <0.05). The average liveweight per unit change in body condition score increased with the age of the ewe and was greatest at weaning and lowest pre-lambing. Among pregnancy-ranks, the average liveweight per unit change was also greater during pregnancy diagnosis than pre-lambing and was greatest among single and lowest in non-pregnant ewes. The results support the hypothesis that the relationship between liveweight and BCS is affected by the interaction between stage of the annual cycle, pregnancy-rank and ewe age.
Effects of Housing, Short Distance Transport and Lairage on Meat Quality of Finisher Pigs
Authors: Driessen Bert , Van Beirendonck Sanne , Buyse Johan
Published: May 2020

Transport and associated handling can have adverse effects on pig welfare and meat quality. The purpose of the study was to determine (the variation of) effects of farm management, climate parameters, transport and lairage conditions on the meat quality of fattening pigs, heterozygous for the halothane gene. A total of 4763 fattening pigs were transported from 1 farm to a commercial slaughterhouse (distance 110 km) in 121 transports. From 2404 carcasses, carcass temperature and pH were measured 45 min post-mortem; 48 hours post-mortem pH, electrical conductivity, drip loss and meat color were registered. During the raising period sex, conditions at weaning (purchased or not as piglet, vaccination against mycoplasma) and (type of) pen during fattening (i.e., from about 22 kg to 105 kg) were registered to relate with pork quality. Transport season, weather parameters, regrouping or not during loading, transport combination (truck, trailer and driver), transport compartment and transport conditions (loading density, transport duration and unloading time) were monitored. At the slaughterhouse, duration of lairage and carcass conformation were followed up to examine correlations with meat quality parameters. Effects of farm management, climate parameters during transport, transport and slaughterhouse conditions on pork quality were demonstrated. Specifically, reducing lung lesions by vaccination during raising, no mixing of pigs during the transport process, sufficient lairage time and transporting no extreme muscled pigs can improve meat quality.
Does the Degree of Fatness and Muscularity Determined by Ultrasound Method Affect Sows’ Reproductive Performance?
Authors: Knecht Damian , Środoń Sebastian , Czyż Katarzyna
Published: May 2020

The fatness and muscularity of Polish Landrace, Polish Large White gilts and sows and their hybrids were determined on the basis of ultrasound measurements in three consecutive parities, and then the relationship between these parameters and reproductive performance was established. Ultrasound measurements demonstrated the highest fat thickness in first parity and the highest fat area over LD muscle in hybrid gilts (PL × PLW). Pure-bred gilts were characterized by poorer muscularity. Fatness level affected the reproductive parameters of females in which the thickness of backfat in UP2 point was above 22.25 mm, the thickness of backfat in UP4 point was above 17.36 mm and the fat area over LD muscle was above 25.81 cm2. These females achieved better farrowing rates and higher numbers of born piglets. Decreased mortality, higher gains of piglets and higher body weight at weaning were observed, and the weaning to service interval was shortened in fatter females. Intramuscular fat content did not affect reproductive parameters. Muscularity negatively affected reproductive performance parameters, except gestation period. Too-high muscularity was related to the lowest levels of reproductive indices. The analysis of gilts and sows’ fatness and muscularity levels can help to predict their reproductive performance in the future and thus optimize production results.
Mitochondrial Functions, Energy Metabolism and Protein Glycosylation are Interconnected Processes Mediating Resistance to Bortezomib in Multiple Myeloma Cells
Authors: Tibullo Daniele , Giallongo Cesarina , Romano Alessandra , Vicario Nunzio , Barbato Alessandro , Puglisi Fabrizio , Parenti Rosalba , Amorini Angela Maria , Saab Miriam Wissam , Tavazzi Barbara , Mangione Renata , Brundo Maria Violetta , Lazzarino Giacomo , Palumbo Giuseppe Alberto , Li Volti Giovanni , Di Raimondo Francesco , Lazzarino Giuseppe
Published: May 2020

The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BTZ) has emerged as an effective drug for the treatment of multiple myeloma even though many patients relapse from BTZ therapy. The present study investigated the metabolic pathways underlying the acquisition of bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma. We used two different clones of multiple myeloma cell lines exhibiting different sensitivities to BTZ (U266 and U266-R) and compared them in terms of metabolic profile, mitochondrial fitness and redox balance homeostasis capacity. Our results showed that the BTZ-resistant clone (U266-R) presented increased glycosylated UDP-derivatives when compared to BTZ-sensitive cells (U266), thus also suggesting higher activities of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), regulating not only protein O- and N-glycosylation but also mitochondrial functions. Notably, U266-R displayed increased mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics associated with stronger antioxidant defenses. Furthermore, U266-R maintained a significantly higher concentration of substrates for protein glycosylation when compared to U266, particularly for UDP-GlcNac, thus further suggesting the importance of glycosylation in the BTZ pharmacological response. Moreover, BTZ-treated U266-R showed significantly higher ATP/ADP ratios and levels of ECP and also exhibited increased mitochondrial fitness and antioxidant response. In conclusions, our findings suggest that the HBP may play a major role in mitochondrial fitness, driving BTZ resistance in multiple myeloma and thus representing a possible target for new drug development for BTZ-resistant patients.
The Antitumor Agent Ansamitocin P-3 Binds to Cell Division Protein FtsZ in Actinosynnema pretiosum
Authors: Wang Xinran , Wang Rufan , Kang Qianjin , Bai Linquan
Published: May 2020

Ansamitocin P-3 (AP-3) is an important antitumor agent. The antitumor activity of AP-3 is a result of its affinity towards β-tubulin in eukaryotic cells. In this study, in order to improve AP-3 production, the reason for severe growth inhibition of the AP-3 producing strain Actinosynnema pretiosum WXR-24 under high concentrations of exogenous AP-3 was investigated. The cell division protein FtsZ, which is the analogue of β-tubulin in bacteria, was discovered to be the AP-3 target through structural comparison followed by a SPR biosensor assay. AP-3 was trapped into a less hydrophilic groove near the GTPase pocket on FtsZ by hydrogen bounding and hydrophobic interactions, as revealed by docking analysis. After overexpression of the APASM_5716 gene coding for FtsZ in WXR-30, the resistance to AP-3 was significantly improved. Moreover, AP-3 yield was increased from 250.66 mg/L to 327.37 mg/L. After increasing the concentration of supplemented yeast extract, the final yield of AP-3 reached 371.16 mg/L. In summary, we demonstrate that the cell division protein FtsZ is newly identified as the bacterial target of AP-3, and improving resistance is an effective strategy to enhance AP-3 production.
Pterostilbene Enhances Cytotoxicity and Chemosensitivity in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Hsu Yi-Hao , Chen Sheng-Yi , Wang Sheng-Yang , Lin Jer-An , Yen Gow-Chin
Published: May 2020

Gemcitabine (GEM) drug resistance causes high mortality rates and poor outcomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) involvement in the GEM resistance process has been demonstrated. Therefore, finding a safe and effective way to inhibit receptors for RAGE-initiated GEM resistance is urgent. Pterostilbene (PTE), a natural methoxylated analogue derived from resveratrol and found in grapes and blueberries, has diverse bioactivities, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer qualities. The overall research objective was to determine the potential of PTE to enhance tumor cytotoxicity and chemosensitivity in PDAC cells. Our results have demonstrated that PTE induced S-phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagic cell death and inhibited multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) expression by downregulating RAGE/PI3K/Akt signaling in both MIA PaCa-2 and MIA PaCa-2 GEMR cells (GEM-resistant cells). Remarkably, convincing evidence was established by RAGE small interfering RNA transfection. Taken together, our study demonstrated that PTE promoted chemosensitivity by inhibiting cell proliferation and MDR1 expression via the RAGE/PI3K/Akt axis in PDAC cells. The observations in these experiments indicate that PTE may play a crucial role in MDR1 modulation for PDAC treatment.
Hemistepsin A Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces G0/G1-Phase Arrest, Cellular Senescence and Apoptosis Via the AMPK and p53/p21 Signals in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Baek Su Youn , Hwang Ui Wook , Suk Ho Young , Kim Young Woo
Published: May 2020

Hemistepsin A (HsA), a natural sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Hemistepta lyrata, has been known as a wide range of anti-tumor effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether HsA suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to figure out the cellular signaling pathways involved in the anti-HCC activities by experiments using the Huh7 cells (a human HCC cell line) and a xenograft HCC model. In this study, HsA completely inhibited HCC cell proliferation, presumably because it induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial-related apoptosis. HsA up-regulated p53, p21, cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase), but reduced cyclin D, CDK6 and Bcl-2 expressions, and it disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Moreover, phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was increased by HsA as did the resveratrol and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR, positive controls). Inhibition of AMPK by using compound C, a competent inhibitor of AMPK, attenuated the loss of ΔΨm, p53 up-regulation and cellular senescence. The efficacy of HsA to reduce HCC cell proliferation, compared to that of other known anti-HCC agents, appears to be similar or slightly better. The anti-tumor effect of HsA was also determined in mice, showing reduced growth of xenografted tumors with no weight loss. Overall, the results suggest that HsA should be considered as a candidate anti-HCC drug.
The Validity and Predictive Value of Blood-Based Biomarkers in Prediction of Response in the Treatment of Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: van Delft Frederik , Koffijberg Hendrik , Retèl Valesca , Heuvel Michel van den , IJzerman Maarten
Published: May 2020

With the introduction of targeted therapies and immunotherapy, molecular diagnostics gained a more profound role in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to systematically search for studies reporting on the use of liquid biopsies (LB), the correlation between LBs and tissue biopsies, and finally the predictive value in the management of NSCLC. A systematic literature search was performed, including results published after 1 January 2014. Articles studying the predictive value or validity of a LB were included. The search (up to 1 September 2019) retrieved 1704 articles, 1323 articles were excluded after title and abstract screening. Remaining articles were assessed for eligibility by full-text review. After full-text review, 64 articles investigating the predictive value and 78 articles describing the validity were included. The majority of studies investigated the predictive value of LBs in relation to therapies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) receptor (n = 38). Of studies describing the validity of a biomarker, 55 articles report on one or more EGFR mutations. Although a variety of blood-based biomarkers are currently under investigation, most studies evaluated the validity of LBs to determine EGFR mutation status and the subsequent targeting of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors based on the mutation status found in LBs of NSCLC patients.