bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effects of asymmetric lumbosacral transitional vertebra on pelvic morphology in dogs using ventrodorsal radiographs
Authors: Berg Jon Andre , Saevik Bente Kristin , Lingaas Frode , Trangerud Catrine
Published: January 2025

Background

A lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LTV) is a congenital anomaly of the caudal vertebral column. It has been associated with asymmetrical canine hip dysplasia (CHD) and cauda equina syndrome (CES) in German Shepherd dogs. This retrospective cross-sectional study aims to report the potential influence of asymmetric LTV on pelvic anatomy using ventrodorsal (VD) radiographs.

Results

The results are based on the evaluation of VD radiographs of 13,950 dogs from 14 breeds; an LTV was identified in 18.5%. The LTV segments were allotted into symmetrical (78.6%) and asymmetrical (21.4%) categories. An asymmetrical CHD grade was observed in 12.4% of the dogs, of which 39.7% had asymmetrical LTV. An asymmetric LTV was associated with an uneven sacroiliac joint length, in which the shortest sacroiliac joint is positioned more caudally, resulting in a reduced distance to the hip joint (P < 0.001). Rotation of the asymmetrical LTV segment about the long axis was associated with opposite pelvis rotation vertically (P < 0.001). Also, long-axis rotation of the asymmetric LTV segment was associated with an elevation of the pelvis (P < 0.001), promoting an asymmetrical CHD grade (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

This study suggests a compensatory mechanism for the sacroiliac joint related to an asymmetrical LTV. Counter-rotation between the pelvis and the LTV segment vertically may straighten the lower back. The asymmetrical LTV segment most likely affects the rotation of the pelvis and may indirectly promote an asymmetrical CHD grade.
Insights into the lemon (Citrus limon) epiphytic microbiome: impact of the biocontrol yeast Clavispora lusitaniae 146
Authors: Rasuk Maria Cecilia , Irazoqui José Matías , Perez María Florencia , Pereyra Martina María , Sineli Pedro Eugenio , Poehlein Anja , Daniel Rolf , Dib Julian Rafael
Published: January 2025

Background

Postharvest lemons are affected by several fungal infections, and as alternatives to chemical fungicides for combating these infections, different microbial biocontrol agents have been studied, with the Clavispora lusitaniae 146 strain standing out. Although strain 146 has proven to be an effective agent, the influence of a microbial biological control agent on the postharvest lemon microbiome has not been studied until now. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate how the epiphytic microbiome of postharvest lemons is affected by the application of the biocontrol yeast C. lusitaniae 146.

Results

In terms of bacterial composition, the most abundant genera were Sphingomonas, Pelomonas, and Bacillus and no significant differences in the composition were detected between the treated and control samples. Among fungi, Clavispora was predominant not only in the treated samples but also in the control, and statistics indicated differences, suggesting its significant role in modulating the epiphytic community composition of lemon. Understanding fruit microbiomes is vital for effective disease control, and this study provides insights into the microbial composition of the surface of lemon and the role of C. lusitaniae 146.
Validation of a hypomorphic variant in CDK13 as the cause of CHDFIDD with autosomal recessive inheritance through determination of an episignature
Authors: Fischer Jan , Alders Mariëlle , Mannens Marcel M. A. M. , Genevieve David , Hackmann Karl , Schröck Evelin , Sadikovic Bekim , Porrmann Joseph
Published: January 2025

Autosomal dominant CDK13-related disease is characterized by congenital heart defects, dysmorphic facial features, and intellectual developmental disorder (CHDFIDD). Heterozygous pathogenic variants, particularly missense variants in the kinase domain, have previously been described as disease causing. Using the determination of a methylation pattern and comparison with an established episignature, we reveal the first hypomorphic variant in the kinase domain of CDK13, leading to a never before described autosomal recessive form of CHDFIDD in a boy with characteristic features. This highlights the utility of episignatures in variant interpretation, as well as a potential novel diagnostic approach in unsolved cases or for disease prognosis.
Time-varying intensity of ventilatory inefficiency and mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Jiang Lianlian , Chen Hui , Chang Wei , Sun Qin , Yuan Xueyan , Wu Zongsheng , Xie Jianfeng , Liu Ling , Yang Yi
Published: January 2025

Background

The association between bedside ventilatory parameters—specifically arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2) and ventilatory ratio (VR)—and mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a topic of debate. Additionally, the persistence of this association over time is unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship between 28-day mortality in ARDS patients and their longitudinal exposure to ventilatory inefficiency, as reflected by serial measurements of PaCO2 and VR.

Methods

We conducted a secondary analysis of four randomized controlled trials (FACTT, ALTA, EDEN, and SAILS) from the ARDS Network. All included patients were intubated and received mechanical ventilation. Patients were excluded if they underwent extracorporeal life support or were on mechanical ventilation for less than one day. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. Bayesian joint models were employed to estimate the strength of associations over time.

Results

A total of 2,851 patients were included in our analysis. The overall 28-day mortality rate was 21.3%, with a median duration of invasive mechanical ventilation of 9 days (IQR: 4–28 days). After adjustment, each daily increment in PaCO2 (HR 1.008, 95% CI 0.997–1.018) was not associated with mortality, while a daily increment in VR (HR 1.548, 95% CI 1.309–1.835) was associated with increased mortality. This association persisted during the prolonged stages (Days 0–23) of mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, a significant increase in the risk of death was related to daily exposure to VR > 2 (HR 1.088 per day, 95% CI 1.034–1.147) and its cumulative effect (HR 1.085 per area, 95% CI 1.050–1.122), whereas PaCO2 was found to be insignificant.

Conclusion

VR, which reflects ventilatory inefficiency, should be closely monitored during invasive mechanical ventilation. Cumulative exposure to high intensities of VR may be associated with increased mortality in patients with ARDS.
In vitro and molecular docking evaluation of black sesame seeds' anti-prostate cancer and antioxidant activity processed by nine steaming nine drying
Authors: Magdamit Glennielyn D. , Hsieh Cheng-Yang , Lee Mon-Juan , De Castro-Cruz Kathlia A. , Austria Samantha Franchette B. , Sipat Beatrice D. , Huang Steven Kuan-Hua , Tsai Po-Wei
Published: January 2025

Black sesame seeds, known for their rich flavor and medicinal properties, hold significant potential as natural therapeutics against prostate cancer, a major health challenge for men today. This study explores the traditional processing technique of nine cycles of steaming and drying, which enhances the bioactive potential of these seeds. The impact of this processing on the antioxidant and anti-prostate cancer properties of black sesame seeds was systematically investigated, focusing on the key lignans, sesamin and sesamolin. HPLC was utilized to analyze the content ratios of sesamin and sesamolin, while DPPH and FRAP assays evaluated antioxidant capabilities, and MTT assays assessed anti-cancer properties against DU145 cells. Findings reveal that three cycles of steaming and drying significantly enhance antioxidant and anti-cancer activities against DU145, achieving peak concentrations of sesamin and sesamolin of 21.583% and 14.991%, respectively, with an optimal ratio of 1.4397:1. The superior antioxidant and anti-prostate cancer activity of this sample is attributed to optimal processing conditions that maximize the stability and extraction of bioactive compounds, particularly non-lignan antioxidants, while minimizing degradation; this is likely enhanced by the interplay between various phytochemicals and the effects of thermal processing on cellular structure. Processed seeds consistently outperformed raw seeds—except for those subjected to a single cycle. Additionally, molecular docking analyses revealed compelling interactions between sesamin and sesamolin and key proteins implicated in prostate cancer (FYN, ITGB3, PDGFRA, PDGFRB, and PIK3R1), demonstrating higher LibDock scores than the standard anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil. This research highlights the exceptional antioxidant and anti-cancer potential of black sesame seeds, particularly through the three-steaming and three-drying method, emphasizing the importance of the sesamin to sesamolin ratio in developing future anti-cancer therapeutics.
Recurrence of chronic encapsulated hematoma following cyst formation after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain arteriovenous malformations: a case report
Authors: Sistiaga Iñigo L. , Catalán-Uribarrena Gregorio , Gamba Silvia , Carrasco Alejandro , Zaldumbide Laura , Mosteiro Lorena , Pomposo Iñigo
Published: January 2025

Background

Delayed radiation-induced complications after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for arteriovenous malformations (AVM) have scarcely been described in the literature, and their incidence, pathophysiology, and treatment remain unclear. Additionally, the literature regarding these complications is confusing. The authors present a well-documented case report describing these late complications, adding evidence to the possible common pathophysiological mechanism underlying them, and illustrating an effective treatment modality when they occur.

Case presentation

A case of a 28-year-old male with an increasing cyst formation (CF) appearing 10 years after SRS for AVM is presented. Despite surgical treatment, due to the incomplete resection of the angiomatous nodule, recurrence as a chronic encapsulated expanding hematoma (CEEH) occurred. This relapse required a second treatment, which could have been avoided if aggressive surgical treatment had been performed initially.

Conclusions

This case highlights the continuum between CF and CEEH, challenging existing confusion in the literature. Complete resection of the angiomatous nodule associated with CF is imperative for achieving resolution and preventing recurrence.
Automated characterisation of cerebral microbleeds using their size and spatial distribution on brain MRI
Authors: Sundaresan Vaanathi , Zamboni Giovanna , Dineen Robert A. , Auer Dorothee P. , Sotiropoulos Stamatios N. , Sprigg Nikola , Jenkinson Mark , Griffanti Ludovica
Published: January 2025

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are small, hypointense hemosiderin deposits in the brain measuring 2–10 mm in diameter. As one of the important biomarkers of small vessel disease, they have been associated with various neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases. Hence, automated detection, and subsequent extraction of clinically useful metrics (e.g., size and spatial distribution) from CMBs are essential for investigating their clinical impact, especially in large-scale studies. While some work has been done for CMB segmentation, extraction of clinically relevant information is not yet explored. Herein, we propose the first automated method to characterise CMBs using their size and spatial distribution, i.e., CMB count in three regions (and their substructures) used in Microbleed Anatomical Rating Scale (MARS): infratentorial, deep, and lobar. Our method uses structural atlases of the brain for determining individual regions. On an intracerebral haemorrhage study dataset, we achieved a mean absolute error of 2.5 mm for size estimation and an overall accuracy > 90% for automated rating. The code and the atlas of MARS regions in Montreal Neurological Institute—MNI space are publicly available.

Relevance statement

Our method to automatically characterise cerebral microbleeds (size and location) showed a mean absolute error of 2.5 mm for size estimation and an over 90% accuracy for rating of infratentorial, deep and lobar regions. This is a promising approach to automatically provide clinically relevant cerebral microbleeds metrics.

Key Points

We present a method to automatically characterise cerebral microbleeds according to size and location.

The method achieved a mean absolute error of 2.5 mm for size estimation.

Automated rating for infratentorial, deep, and lobar regions achieved an over 90% overall accuracy.

We made the code and atlas of Microbleed Anatomical Rating Scale regions publicly available.

Graphical Abstract
Joint approximate diagonalization technique for modal identification of the Donghai Bridge
Authors: Li Ben , Chen Lin , Nagarajaiah Satish , Sun Limin
Published: January 2025

The second-order blind identification (SOBI) and its variants have been extensively explored for output-only modal identification of civil structures under varied excitations. At the core of these methods is the matrix joint approximate diagonalization (JAD) technique, while their efficiency and accuracy are largely determined by how the target-matrices for JAD are constructed from multi-channel structural responses. This study first formulates the JAD framework for structural identification, where different techniques in formulating the target-matrices are summarized and mathematical tools to conduct JAD are also presented. Then two novel ways stemming from conventional identification methods are presented as alternatives to construct the target-matrices for ambient identification, to maintain a low-order formulation and even avoiding the formation of covariance matrix. Subsequently, in view of the large number of candidate target-matrices which are analytically usable, a guiding principle is proposed for selecting reliable target-matrices, where the closeness of the eigenvectors of the target-matrices are compared beforehand, therefore eliminating of distorted target-matrices and also improving the efficiency of the subsequent JAD. The proposed techniques are applied to modal identification of the Donghai Bridge from monitoring data and the proposed JAD-based methods are compared in this context. The results suggest the effectiveness of the proposed techniques and also provide a performance evaluation of these methods.
A cardiac transcriptional enhancer is repurposed during regeneration to activate an anti-proliferative program
Authors: Rao Anupama , Russell Andrew , Segura-Bermudez Jose , Franz Charles , Dockery Rejenae , Blatnik Anton , Panten Jacob , Zevallos Mateo , McNulty Carson , Pietrzak Maciej , Goldman Joseph Aaron
Published: January 2025

Zebrafish have a high capacity to regenerate their hearts. Several studies have surveyed transcriptional enhancers to understand how gene expression is controlled during heart regeneration. We have identified REN (the runx1 enhancer) that, during regeneration, regulates the expression of the nearby runx1 gene. We show that runx1 mRNA is reduced with deletion of REN (ΔREN), and cardiomyocyte proliferation is enhanced in ΔREN mutants only during regeneration. Interestingly, in uninjured hearts, ΔREN mutants have reduced expression of adamts1, a nearby gene that encodes a Collagen protease. This results in excess Collagen within cardiac valves of uninjured hearts. The ΔREN Collagen phenotype is rescued by an allele with Δrunx1 mutations, suggesting that in uninjured hearts REN regulates adamts1 independently of runx1. Taken together, this suggests that REN is rewired from adamts1 in uninjured hearts to stimulate runx1 transcription during regeneration. Our data point to a previously unappreciated mechanism for gene regulation during zebrafish heart regeneration. We report that an enhancer is rewired from expression in a distal cardiac domain to activate a different gene in regenerating tissue.
Nuclear RNA-binding proteins meet cytoplasmic viruses
Authors: Castello Alfredo , Kamel Wael
Published: January 2025

Cytoplasmic viruses interact intricately with the nuclear pore complex and nuclear import/export machineries, affecting nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking. This can lead to the selective accumulation of nuclear RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in the cytoplasm. Pioneering research has shown that relocated RBPs serve as an intrinsic defense mechanism against viruses, which involves RNA export, splicing, and nucleolar factors. For instance, the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) relocates to the cytoplasm in infected cells and uses U2 snRNA to interact with viral genomes, repressing viral replication and gene expression. Here, we describe these emerging host–virus interactions and discuss the remaining questions to elucidate their antiviral mechanisms.
Computational finance and forecasting methods
Authors: Ζουρνατζίδου Γεωργία
Published: January 2025

Αυτή η διατριβή διερευνά τις εφαρμογές ενδοημερήσιων δεδομένων υψηλής συχνότητας στην αγορά του Bitcoin, εστιάζοντας στα μοναδικά χαρακτηριστικά της υψηλής μεταβλητότητας και της ακραίας αλματώδους συμπεριφοράς. Η κατανόηση και η πρόβλεψη αυτών των κινήσεων των τιμών είναι ζωτικής σημασίας για τους αναλυτές κινδύνου, τους επενδυτές και τους υπεύθυνους χάραξης πολιτικής. Εκτός από την τακτική αστάθεια, η αγορά Bitcoin συχνά εμφανίζει ξαφνικές και μεγάλες αλλαγές τιμών, που αναφέρονται ως «άλματα», που προκαλούνται από νέα της αγοράς, μεγάλες συναλλαγές ή αλλαγές στο κλίμα της αγοράς. Η σύλληψη και η ανάλυση αυτών των αλμάτων μπορεί να προσφέρει πολύτιμες πληροφορίες για τη δυναμική της αγοράς και να βοηθήσει στην ανάπτυξη ισχυρών στρατηγικών συναλλαγών. Συγκεκριμένα, η διατριβή παρουσιάζει μια νέα μεθοδολογική προσέγγιση τεσσάρων βημάτων για την πρόβλεψη εκτιμητών μεταβλητότητας που προέρχονται από τις τιμές Bitcoin. Oι τιμές ανοικτής, υψηλής, χαμηλής και κλεισίματος μετατρέπονται σε εκτιμητές μεταβλητότητας χρησιμοποιώντας υποθέσεις κίνησης Brown και λογαριθμικούς μετασχηματισμούς. H Elastic Net Regression (ENR) προσαρμόζεται στο σύνολο δεδομένων του εκτιμητή μεταβλητότητας. Τέλος, η προγνωστική ακρίβεια του ENR συγκρίνεται με το δέντρο αποφάσεων (DTR), το τυχαίο δάσος (RFR) και την παλινδρόμηση διανύσματος υποστήριξης (SVR). Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν την ανώτερη προγνωστική ακρίβεια της ENR για τις τιμές ανοίγματος και κλεισίματος, ενώ το SVR επικρατεί για τις υψηλές και τις χαμηλές τιμές λόγω της ευαισθησίας τους σε παροδικές ειδήσεις και συναισθήματα της αγοράς εντός της ημέρας. Επιπλέον, η διατριβή διερευνά μοτίβα της μεταβλητότητας του Bitcoin χρησιμοποιώντας ανάλυση R/S, απλό κινητό μέσο όρο (SMA) και δείκτη σχετικής ισχύος (RSI). Αυτές οι μεθοδολογίες καταγράφουν τα απρόβλεπτα μοτίβα μεταβλητότητας του Bitcoin, αποκαλύπτοντας τις υποκείμενες τάσεις. Τέλος, η διατριβή εισάγει μια διμεταβλητή προσέγγιση χρησιμοποιώντας τη διαδικασία Lévy-Khintchine και το Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network (WGAN-GP) για λεπτομερή ανάλυση της συμπεριφοράς τιμών του Bitcoin κάτω από διάφορες συνθήκες αγοράς. Η διαδικασία Lévy-Khintchine καταγράφει ακραίες αλλαγές τιμών, ενώ το WGAN-GP δοκιμάζει την ευρωστία αυτών των προβλέψεων, δείχνοντας υψηλή ακρίβεια σε ακραίες συνθήκες. Συνοπτικά, αυτή η διατριβή υπογραμμίζει τον ουσιαστικό ρόλο των ενδοημερησίων δεδομένων υψηλής συχνότητας χρησιμοποιώντας προχωρημένες υπολογιστικές τεχνικές στην κατανόηση και την πρόβλεψη της συμπεριφοράς της αγοράς του Bitcoin, παρέχοντας τη βάση για πιο ακριβή μοντέλα πρόβλεψης, βαθύτερες γνώσεις σχετικά με τη μικροδομή της αγοράς και βελτιωμένες στρατηγικές συναλλαγών και πρακτικές διαχείρισης κινδύνου σε αυτήν την ασταθή και δυναμική αγορά.
Co-developing, co-creating, and testing an educational mobile health application prototype on oral cancer: A mixed methods study protocol
Authors: Kanmodi Kehinde Kazeem , Jayasinghe Ruwan Duminda , Jayasinghe Yovanthi Anurangi , Salami Afeez Abolarinwa , Onuoha Success , Adisa Akinyele Olumuyiwa , Amzat Jimoh , Ramalingam Karthikeyan , Almu Bello , Aladelusi Timothy Olukunle , Uwambaye Peace , Nkhata Misheck Julian , Nnyanzi Lawrence Achilles
Published: January 2025

Introduction Globally, oral cancer is the 15th deadliest cancer among humans. Diverse health education interventions have played a very significant role in the prevention of oral cancer. Of these interventions, digital interventions, especially mhealth-driven interventions, have been largely underutilized. So far, only two known educative mobile health applications (MHAs) for oral cancer exits; unfortunately, these two applications are not comprehensive and not inclusive for diverse populations. There is a need for a comprehensive and more inclusive MHA that can be used to educate the public about oral cancer. Objectives To co-develop, co-create, and test a comprehensive and inclusive MHA that can be used to educate the public about oral cancer. Methods The proposed study will be conducted and reported using the PRODUCES (PRoblem, Objective, Design, (end-) Users, Co-creators, Evaluation, Scalability) framework—this framework provides a novel approach which can be used to develop mhealth interventions through participatory action research methodologies. This study will have three parts. The first part will co-develop an eight-sectioned lay educational content on oral cancer through three-round Delphi consultations with thirty subject matter experts in the field of oral cancer and public health. Using the co-developed educational content, the second part of this study will co-create an educative MHA prototype on oral cancer through three-round Delphi consultations with twenty digital communication experts and persons at risk of oral cancer. Lastly, the third part will, through a three-arm, parallel, open-label randomized control trial, test and compare, among seventy-five young adults, the effectiveness, usability, uptake, and acceptability of the co-created MHA prototype on oral cancer against a web-based educational resource on oral cancer. Conclusion The outcomes of this study will co-produce and test an inclusive and comprehensive MHA prototype that can be used to educate diverse populations across the world about oral cancer.
Exhibitionism - a review of research
Authors: Wdowiak Krystian , Maciocha Agnieszka , Wąż Julia , Witas Aleksandra , Drogoń Justyna , Chachaj Weronika , Słomka Paulina , Gardocka Ewa
Published: January 2025

Introduction and Objective: Exhibitionism is a paraphilic behavior characterized by a persistent or recurrent tendency to expose one’s genitalia to strangers, typically without the intention of further interaction. The aim of this publication is to discuss various aspects of exhibitionism based on the latest literature.
Review Methods: A search was conducted in the PubMed database to identify scientific articles containing the term “exhibitionism” in their title, abstract, or keywords. The search focused on articles published between 2014 and 2024, with an emphasis on studies exploring the etiology, prevalence, and treatment of exhibitionism.Brief Description of the State of Knowledge: While often linked to sexual excitement and followed by masturbation, exibitionism is more commonly observed in men. Research highlights several potential risk factors for exhibitionistic disorder, including childhood sexual or emotional abuse, hypersexuality, and sexual preoccupation. Neurobiological, cognitive, and social mechanisms are believed to underlie the development of these tendencies. Treatment of exhibitionistic disorder primarily involves cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Pharmacological approaches are also employed to manage symptoms by modulating serotonergic transmission.
Summary: Although relatively uncommon, exhibitionistic disorder has significant implications for individuals and society, underscoring the need for improved awareness, accurate prevalence estimates, and expanded access to effective treatment interventions. Further investigation into the true prevalence of exhibitionistic disorder is warranted, as current estimates may be imprecise.
Assessing the Russia-Ukraine War in 2024: Consequences and Scenarios of the Future
Authors: Ficek Ryszard
Published: January 2025

The article examines the superpower aspirations of the Russian Federation under the leadership of President Vladimir Putin, which culminated in the military invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. This analysis reveals several fundamental factors responsible for the threats that the Kremlin’s superpower policy poses to contemporary international security systems, primarily to the political order of Central and Eastern Europe and the entire world.
Tax-Free System at Polish-Belarusian Border Crossings between 2012 and 2020: Selected Aspects
Authors: Maksimczuk Marta
Published: January 2025

The study presents the functioning of the Tax-Free system at Polish-Belarusian border crossings in 2012–20 in the context of changes in the export of Poland and border provinces (Podlaskie and Lubelskie) to Belarus. Due to the availability of data, research on travellers’ exports and trade relations was possible for selected years of the procedure’s operation, i.e. between 2012 and 2020. This period covers the time between two major crises – the global financial crisis of 2008 and the COVID-19 pandemic. With the post-crisis economic recovery in Poland and Belarus, there was a dynamic increase in mutual goods exchange and travellers’ export conducted under the Tax-Free regime at Poland’s eastern border. A descriptive and analytical method was used to verify the research hypothesis related to the impact of the Tax-Free system on trade and export growth in this region.
Zabici i zmarli z ran w walkach o Lwów we wrześniu 1939 roku
Authors: Kubicki Karol
Published: January 2025

PERSONS KILLED AND DIED OF WOUNDS IN THE FIGHTS FOR LVIV IN SEPTEMBER 1939 RECORDED IN LIBER MORTUORUM OF ST.MARY MAGDALENE PARISH IN LVIVFrom the first day of World War 2, Lviv, one of the largest Polish cities, was the aim of German air force attacks. On 12 September 1939, German troops made the first attempt of capturing the city. Eventually, after ten days of defence, troops of the Red Army entered Lviv on 22 September 1939. Fights in defence of Lviv during the 1939 Polish September Campaign resulted in numerous victims, both among the soldiers of the Polish Army and among the civilian population. Most people died as a result of bombing raids and artillery shelling of the city by the Germans. In the publications to date, the number of deaths among the civilian population has been estimated at 4-5 thousand people (about 300 killed every day). Based on the available sources, mainly church registers of the dead (liber mortuorum) and cemetery registers of burials, the number of civilian victims of the September fights for Lviv was verified as roughly half that (2,000 killed, around 100 each day). The annex contains a list of those killed and died due to wounds in September 1939, recorded in the Book of the Dead in one of the Lviv parishes, St. Mary Magdalene Parish. Among 44 people, there are also names of officers, policemen, lecturers, architects, officials, as well as ordinary residents of Lviv, railroad workers, merchants, maids, students and even children.
ChatGPT for Textual Analysis? How to Use Generative LLMs in Accounting Research
Authors: de Kok Ties
Published: January 2025

Generative large language models (GLLMs), such as ChatGPT and GPT-4 by OpenAI, are emerging as powerful tools for textual analysis tasks in accounting research. GLLMs can solve any textual analysis task solvable using nongenerative methods as well as tasks previously only solvable using human coding. Whereas GLLMs are new and powerful, they also come with limitations and present new challenges that require care and due diligence. This paper highlights the applications of GLLMs for accounting research and compares them with existing methods. It also provides a framework on how to effectively use GLLMs by addressing key considerations, such as model selection, prompt engineering, and ensuring construct validity. In a case study, I demonstrate the capabilities of GLLMs by detecting nonanswers in earnings conference calls, a traditionally challenging task to automate. The new GPT method achieves an accuracy of 96% and reduces the nonanswer error rate by 70% relative to the existing Gow et al. (2021) method. Finally, I discuss the importance of addressing bias, replicability, and data sharing concerns when using GLLMs. Taken together, this paper provides researchers, reviewers, and editors with the knowledge and tools to effectively use and evaluate GLLMs for academic research.

This paper was accepted by Eric So, accounting.

Funding: Supported by the Foster School of Business – University of Washington.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.03253 .
Murciélagos en montañas: viviendo en complejo tapiz ambiental
Authors: López-González Celia , Hernández-Canchola Giovani , León-Paniagua Livia
Published: January 2025

El número de especies de murciélagos que pueden coexistir en un lugar se limita por diversos factores, siendo los ecosistemas tropicales de tierras bajas los más ricos. Sin embargo, las montañas mexicanas parecen desafiar esta “regla.” Aquí te contaremos sobre uno de esos lugares que nos revelan algunos efectos de la heterogeneidad ambiental.
Educação da Inteligência e da Vontade na Psicologia do Educador Padre Leonel Franca S.J
Authors: Assis Raquel Martins , Massimi Marina
Published: January 2025

O artigo apresenta pesquisa em História da Psicologia, que analisa relações entre inteligência e vontade na estrutura e funcionamento psicológico do ser humano elaboradas no universo cultural da Companhia de Jesus e sistematizadas pelo jesuíta brasileiro Padre Leonel Franca (1893-1948).  Verifica-se em que medida as conceituações sobre Psicologia revelam aspectos de continuidades ou de descontinuidades com as ciências da alma desenvolvidas pela Companhia, principalmente nos Tratados dos Conimbricenses. Foram utilizados os conceitos de intelectual mediador, segundo Gomes e Hansen, e de tradição de pertença elaborado por Massimi. As fontes analisadas foram livros e conferências de Leonel Franca. Evidenciou-se aspectos de continuidade com a Antiga Companhia de Jesus por meio da adoção da matriz aristotélico-tomista. Essa matriz é associada à apropriação de estudos da Pedagogia e da Psicologia da época.
“El Libro de Cirurgía”: Medicina, Farmácia e Cirurgia nas missões Jesuítico-Indígenas Setecentistas
Authors: Nunes Jefferson Aldemir
Published: January 2025

Resenha do livro: FLECK, Eliane Cristina Deckmann. Libro de Cirugía. Trasladado de autores graves y doctos para alívio de los enfermos. Escrito en estas Doctrinas de la Compañía de Jesús, en 1725. 2 ed. [e-book] São Leopoldo: Oikos, 2022.
Apreciação da edição do “Libro de Cirugía”, de 1752, realizado por Eliane Cristina Deckmann Fleck em 2022. Discute-se a contribuição da historiadora para o entendimento da obra e sua autoria, sua atualidade dentro das temáticas de escrita religiosa colonial e para pensar a relação saúde-doença na América do XVIII. Evidencia-se o papel que esses manuscritos tiveram para a circulação de ideias, práticas e saberes médicos de várias fontes e que geraram trocas culturais que uniram a Europa à América, para além de uma visão de dominação metropolitana. Além disso, como os saberes curativos de populações nativas foram “domados”, por meio de padrões científicos europeus da época, cujos missionários eram agentes ativos.
Walda Calvert: uma publicista da Universal Pictures no Brasil e sua contribuição para a imprensa e para a circulação do cinema estadunidense
Authors: De Carvalho Castro Tatiana
Published: January 2025

Walda Calvert foi uma mulher que ocupou espaços predominantemente masculinos nas suas inteirezas, através de sua atuação profissional como intelectual no mercado editorial brasileiro e a sua inserção na recepção de um mundo cinematográfico. Walda Calvert foi redatora e mediadora da Universal Pictures no Brasil entre as décadas de 1940 e 1950 e, por meio do seu saber, permitiu que leitoras e leitores de revistas especializadas em cinema se conectassem com os filmes que a Universal Pictures pretendia enviar para o Brasil. Este trabalho se propõe discutir três tópicos que norteiam o nome e a atuação histórica de Walda Calvert, sendo eles: a circulação do cinema dos EUA no Brasil; a profissão da função publicista e a importância de uma mulher escrevendo para um público expressivamente feminino.
The Performance of Story Information Retrieval in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Cho Yoo-Jung , Kim Nayeon , Lee Jiho , Park Ki-Su , Kang Kyunghun , Yoon Janghyeok , Ha Ji-Wan
Published: January 2025

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a story information retrieval task can be used to sensitively detect cognitive and language decline in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and to differentially diagnose the two groups. Methods: To assess participants’ real-life cognitive and language abilities, we used the story information retrieval task, which involves showing a video of a story and then asking for information about it. The task was administered to 60 participants, 20 each of the healthy elderly (HE), PD patients, and NPH patients. We then compared the performance of story information retrieval among the three groups in terms of full and partial information frequencies, the total score, and scores by information type. And the correlation with the Korean version of the mini-mental state examination, 2nd edition (K-MMSE-2) was analyzed to check the validity of the story information retrieval task. Results: The PD and NPH groups performed significantly worse than the HE group on the story information retrieval, whether measured by frequency or total score. However, when compared by information type, only the NPH and HE groups showed significant differences. Conclusion: By assessing story information retrieval performance, we were able to identify language and cognitive decline in PD and NPH patients. And the study also showed that the two patient populations may perform differently when evaluated by information type.
Nonverbal Executive Functioning as Clinical Markers for Culturally Diverse Children with Language Disorders
Authors: Yang Yoonhee
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study attempted to explore the possibility of clinical diagnosis to see if nonverbal executive functions (updating, inhibition, cognitive flexibility) detect language difficulties in culturally diverse children. Methods: Culturally diverse children [TD (typically developing children)=24, LD (children with language disorder)=26] in the preschool age of 4 to 7 years old participated in this study. All children participated in the nonverbal executive function tasks. Discriminant analysis and ROC (Receiver Operator Characteristic) curve analysis were conducted to confirm whether it is possible to identify children with language disorders among culturally diverse children. Results: The differences between TD and LD in culturally diverse children’s nonverbal executive function were consistently significant, and a total of 80.0% (specificity=75.0%, sensitivity=84.6%) of the original group cases could be correctly classified. Conclusion: This study supports previous studies that reported the benefits of executive function in children with better language skills. This study did not reveal the benefits of bilingualism for performing executive functions, which is likely influenced by the lack of sufficient opportunities for culturally diverse children in Korea to speak their native languages both inside and outside their homes. The potential for culturally diverse children to speak two languages should continue to be encouraged. This study is meaningful in identifying the possibility of diagnosing language disorders in culturally diverse children in pre-school age through nonverbal executive functioning tasks.
DEUSES, MONSTROS, ALIENÍGENAS: Lovecraft e o Pós-Humano
Authors: Garcia Yuri
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo procura exemplificar a descentralização do sujeito pela obra de H. P. Lovecraft. Através de uma apresentação de variadas abordagens teóricas, estabeleceremos algumas relações (de forma direta ou indireta), desenvolvendo uma aproximação introdutória, e uma espécie de panorama de possibilidades para pensar em elementos constitutivos do universo narrativo lovecraftiano. Assim, essa investigação almeja mais o levantamento de algumas possibilidades do que a imersão em uma determinada investida epistêmica. Dessa forma, entraremos em contato com as noções de pós-humano e as correntes que evidenciam as materialidades como novas maneiras de deslocar nossa ideia ocidental de sujeito.
ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO DAS CAPACIDADES PARA INOVAÇÃO FRUGAL NA INDÚSTRIA BRASILEIRA DE TELEVISÃO
Authors: Maia Viana Alex , Batista Ribeiro Rosinei , Antonio Simões Eliane , Verardi Galegale Napoleão , Leonel Luciano Érik
Published: January 2025

O estudo teve como proposta identificar se as empresas brasileiras de televisão possuem as capacidades organizacionais para implementar a Inovação Frugal no desenvolvimento de tecnologias digitais. A metodologia de pesquisa foi mista: qualitativa, por meio de análise de conteúdo das transcrições extraídas das entrevistas; e quantitativa, por meio da utilização de um instrumento validado para mensurar a Inovação Frugal. Os resultados do piloto identificaram uma redução de custo significativa após a substituição da tecnologia de transmissão de conteúdo, ora os equipamentos de ônibus ou furgões de alto custo para cada veículo, por equipamentos portáteis de transportados em mochilas. capazes de transmitir áudio e vídeo pela Internet, utilizando a rede de dados móveis 4G.
The Invention of Pyeongmin : A Critical Reevaluation of “Social Estate Theory” in Korean History
Authors: LEE Cheolhui
Published: January 2025

Abstract: A conventional theory of Korean social history asserts that the people of Joseon were divided into distinct social estates: yangban , jungin , pyeongmin , and nobi . Pyeongmin is described as a lower-middle or commoner estate, but its precise meaning warrants reevaluation in light of estate theory, which poses that an estate society must classify individuals into categories on the basis of law. This study examines the usage of the term pyeongmin from the late 18th to the early 20th century in official documents produced by the Joseon government and the Japanese colonial authorities, focusing on how pyeongmin functioned as a marker of personal status. The findings reveal that pyeongmin was used as a broad, catch-all term for those not belonging to a specific group, with its connotations shifting depending on the context. Also, while Joseon identified individuals through their duties to state or occupations, the Japanese colonial regime sought to distinguish the subjects based both on their occupations and their social estate. Contrary to some previous studies that treat pyeongmin as a definitive indicator of social estate, this study strongly suggests that the term offers little to no information about an individual’s estate. The absence of pyeongmin as an independent and recognized social estate is significant because estate societies typically require all individuals to be legally classified into specific estate groups. Unlike medieval Europe, imperial Russia, or Edo Japan, there is scant evidence that traditional Korean society followed such a system. Rather, the notion of an estate-based social structure in Korea may be a product of Japanese rule.
Social Science Mattered: Choe Munhwan and the Knowledge of Nation-Building in Early Cold War South Korea
Authors: Lee Seok-Won
Published: January 2025

Abstract: In this study, I trace the trajectory of controversial social scientist Choe Munhwan (1916–1975), revealing the intellectual dynamics of the tumultuous period of early Cold War South Korea. Choe was one of the leading sociologists/economists on South Korean nation-building in the 1950s and 1960s. Critical of the top-down direction of American social scientific notions regarding the Third World, such as Rostow’s take-off theory, Choe reread German social science theories, particularly Max Weber’s, to address Korea’s problem of “underdevelopment.” Initially trained in imperial Japan, he first contextualized Weber’s analysis of German society as a prescription for an under-developed Germany. He believed that the German path to modernization in the early twentieth century was more relevant to South Korean society than American social theories and introduced the history of social and economic thought to Cold War South Korean social sciences, producing numerous works. However, he also believed that adapting to Park Chung Hee’s military dictatorship was an appropriate way for a “reformed” intellectual to contribute to the modernization of an underdeveloped country such as South Korea.
Design considerations of highly sensitive dual resonance metasurface grating biosensor
Authors: Shafaay Amira , Ghanim Abdelrahman M. , Swillam Mohamed A.
Published: January 2025

This study introduces a highly responsive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optical sensor and an all-dielectric metasurface for monitoring water salinity and glucose levels in blood. We present optimized low-cost microfluidic sensors capable of measuring water salinity (0%–40%, refractive index 1.333–1.341) and successfully detecting glucose solutions (5%–50%, refractive index 1.32–1.41). The metasurface of both structures, designed for high sensitivity, is proposed and numerically simulated in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. The SPR sensor consists of a multilayer grating made of Si3N4 and Al2O3 placed on a silver layer, with a SiO2 substrate. To reduce fabrication costs, the Si3N4 layer was replaced with silicon, and the plasmonic layer was eliminated. The sensor was optimized for sensitivity and accuracy using finite difference time domain simulations via Lumerical software. For water salinity detection, both plasmonic and all-dielectric sensors achieved a maximum sensitivity of 167 nm/RIU and 459 nm/RIU, respectively. The sensors also accurately detected sugar concentrations, with maximum sensitivities of about 157 nm/RIU and 542 nm/RIU for the SPR and all-dielectric structures, respectively.
Rest-frame quasi-static analysis for a rotating core-shell structure in a fractional dimensional space
Authors: Parveen Shahina , Ali Kishwar , Shahzad Anjum , Naqvi Qaisar A.
Published: January 2025

This paper addresses the study of the electrodynamic effects of a rotating constant voltage-driven core-shell structure using the rest-frame quasi-static theory in a fractional dimensional space. For this scenario, expressions for the magnetic potential, magnetic field, magnetic flux density, and fictitious magnetic charge density are derived. The impact of the fractional parameter 2<α<3, which defines the dimension of the space, is highlighted, showing that varying the fractional parameter affects these quantities. Classical results are reproduced when α=3. It is noticed that the behavior of these quantities can be impacted by varying the value of the fractional parameter. The findings reveal that, even in fractional space, fictitious magnetic charges appear due to the rotation of a voltage-driven structure, and as a result, other magnetic quantities are affected. Thus, the considered geometry also has applications in memristors and metamaterials, providing an additional degree of freedom.
Diode-pumped mode-locked Yb:YScO3 laser
Authors: Liu Longxin , Liu Jian , Liang Zhiyong , Jiang Zhengxin , Yang Chuang , Xu Chong , Ma Jie , Xiaodong Xu , Lebbou Kheirreddine , Nie Hai-Yu , Zhang Ge , Chen Weidong , Xu Jun
Published: January 2025

To the best of our knowledge, we report on the mode-locking of the mixed sesquioxide single crystal Yb:YScO3 for the first time. The spectra of Yb3+ ions in this crystal were studied at both room temperature and low temperature. A continuous-wave laser output at 1080 nm was achieved using a fiber-coupled semiconductor laser, with a pump wavelength of 976 nm, in the Yb:YScO3 crystal, yielding a maximum output power of 7.45 W and a slope efficiency of 52.3%. By implementing a SESAM for initiating and stabilizing the mode-locked operation, the Yb:YScO3 laser produced soliton pulses as short as 48 fs at 1056.4 nm, with an average output power of 45 mW at a pulse repetition rate of ∼ 71.55 MHz. These results suggest that Yb:YScO3 crystals are promising candidates for high-power ultrashort pulse lasers.
Off-axis phase modulation for SU(2) mode sorting
Authors: Wu Haisheng , Liu Huipan , Zhang Yujie , Zeng Qingji , Xiao Jiangnan , Ye Huapeng , Dong Ze , Xu Shixiang , Fan Dianyuan , Liu Jun , Chen Shuqing
Published: January 2025

Multi-singularity structured beams carrying SU(2) modes offer significant potential for expanding communication capacity by leveraging their three orthogonal mode degrees of freedom (DoFs): central orbital angular momentum (OAM), sub-beam OAM, and coherent-state phase. Despite considerable advancements in the recognition of SU(2) modes, challenges remain in the sorting of these modes for signal demultiplexing, including multi-mode conversion and mode separation. In this work, we propose a novel, to the best of our knowledge, SU(2) mode sorting strategy based on off-axis phase modulation, which converts SU(2) modes into quasi-Gaussian modes with customized diffraction angles by combining conjugate phase and gradient phase modulation, thus sorting coaxially transmitted SU(2) modes to distinct spatial positions. We demonstrate the simultaneous sorting of 18 SU(2) modes (including three central OAM, three sub-beam OAM, and two coherent-state phases) with minimal cross talk, achieving levels below −13.8 dB. As a proof of concept, we have developed an SU(2) mode multiplexing communication link that successfully transmits 100 Gbit/s quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) signals with bit error rates (BERs) below 10−5. Our approach provides flexibility in the spatial reallocation of SU(2) modes and holds promise for advancing multidimensional multiplexing communication and high-efficiency shift-keying (SK) communication.
Dependence of the magnetic dipole resonance of hyperbolic nanospheres on the external medium
Authors: Kochanowska Olga A. , Antosiewicz Tomasz J.
Published: January 2025

Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) enable control of light beyond what is possible for isotropic ones, as they can support both electric and magnetic resonances in a small volume. The spectrum of a hyperbolic nanosphere has two peaks: a strongly radiative electric dipole resonance and an absorptive magnetic dipole (MD) coupled with an electric quadrupole (EQ). Here, we derive resonance conditions for these modes, elucidating their dependence on the permittivity of the external medium in the quasistatic approximation, including proof of a material resonance of the MD–EQ resonance. The obtained conditions are in good quantitative agreement with numerical simulations and allow the elucidation of the influence of various multilayer parameters on the spectral response of hyperbolic nanoparticles, including their sensitivity to the environment.