bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between types of Ventricular Septal Defect and chromosomal abnormalities in Low-Risk Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhao Xiaomin , Shen Yongmei , Kong Dexuan , Li Wen , Yao Liying , Li Shanshan , Chang Ying
Published: September 2023

Objective
The purpose of this study was to find the association between different types of ventricular septal defect (VSD) and chromosomal abnormalities in the low-risk setting of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), as well as to analyze the prognosis of fetuses with different types of VSD.
Methods
Cases with prenatal diagnosis of fetal VSD by amniocentesis were collected from May 2017 to May 2022 at Tianjin Central Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. Patients with high risk of prenatal NIPT, including chromosomal number abnormalities, fragment deletions or duplications, and polymorphisms, were excluded from the study. The data collected included ultrasound classification of VSD, prenatal NIPT results, copy number variations (CNVs) results, and neonatal outcomes.
Results
This study examined 74 cases, consisting of 45 isolated VSDs (8 of which were muscular septal defects and 37 non-muscular septal defects) and 29 non-isolated VSDs (10 associated with intracardiac structural anomalies and 19 with extra-cardiac structural anomalies). The results showed that the prevalence of pathogenic CNV was lower in isolated VSDs than in non-isolated VSDs in a low-risk NIPT condition (χ2 = 9.344, P = 0.002). There was no significant disparity in the incidence of pathogenic CNV between VSDs with intracardiac and extra-cardiac structural anomalies (P = 0.541). Additionally, VSDs associated with intracardiac structural anomalies had the highest rate of surgical intervention.
Conclusions
When NIPT is low-risk, isolated VSD does not raise the likelihood of fetal chromosomal defects. However, when VSD is non-isolated and combined with either intra- or extracardiac structural issues, the possibility of pathogenic CNV is significantly higher, and thus, invasive prenatal diagnosis is suggested. Additionally, it was observed that isolated muscular septal defects usually does not require surgical treatment, which provides a useful foundation for prenatal counseling regarding fetal VSD.
Environmental factors associated with incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Huang Yu-Yi , Lee Wei-Chun , Chang Chia-Hsieh , Yang Wen-E , Kao Hsuan-Kai
Published: September 2023

Background
Established risk factors for DDH include female sex, breech presentation, family history, congenital malformations, oligohydramnios, and maternal hyperthyroidism. However, evidence for environmental factors that may contribute to DDH is limited and inconsistent.
Methods
A review of medical literature from 1956 to 2023 was conducted to collect data on environmental factors, including latitude, longitude, average yearly precipitation, average yearly temperature, minimum monthly temperature, and maximum monthly temperature, from all institutions that published articles on DDH. Univariate linear regression analysis was used to examine the correlation between environmental factors and DDH incidence, while multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify significant risk factors for DDH incidence.
Results
Data from a total of 93 unique manuscripts were analyzed, revealing a significant negative correlation between DDH incidence and temperature, including average yearly temperature (r = -0.27, p = 0.008), minimum monthly temperature (r = -0.28, p = 0.006), and maximum monthly temperature (r = -0.23, p = 0.029). Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between DDH incidence and latitude (r = 0.27, p = 0.009), and a significant negative correlation between DDH incidence and average yearly precipitation (r = -0.29, p = 0.004). In the final multiple regression analysis, temperature, including average yearly temperature, minimum monthly temperature, and maximum monthly temperature, were identified as significant risk factors for DDH incidence.
Conclusion
The study findings suggest that temperature is the most significant predictor of DDH incidence, highlighting the potential impact of colder weather on DDH development in infants.
Bioinformatics Revealed Biomarkers For Diagnosis In Kidney Stones
Authors: He Ziqi , Song Chao , Dong Caitao , Wang Zhong , Li Sheng
Published: September 2023

One of the most prevalent urinary illnesses is kidney stone formation, often known as nephrolithiasis. The precise processes of kidney stone remain poorly known after substantial investigation. In order to successfully prevent and cure stone formation and recurrence, additional research into the pathophysiology of stone formation is of paramount importance. Ferroptosis is linked to a variety of renal diseases and is a critical factor in the death of cells. However, little is known about how ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) contribute to the development of kidney stones. The Ferroptosis Database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database provided us with information on kidney stones and FRGs, respectively (FerrDb). Eight DE-FRGs related to kidney stones were found in total, and they were all closely related to immune response and autophagy management. Following this, among the 8 DE-FRGs, LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms chose FZD7, STK11, SUV39H1, and LCN2 as marker genes with suitable diagnostic capabilities. These marker genes may be involved in the control of the PPAR signaling pathway, mTOR signaling system, and fatty acid production of kidney stones, according to the functional enrichment analysis that followed. Additionally, 24 drugs that target two marker genes have been found. Despite this, the ceRNA networks have gained that the regulatory relationship between marker genes is rather complex. Additionally, the findings of the CIBERSORT investigation indicated that FZD7 and SUV39H1 may be linked to variations in the immune milieu of people who have kidney stones. We developed a diagnostic tool and provided information on the development of kidney stones. In order to confirm its diagnostic applicability for kidney stones, more studies are needed before it may be used in clinical practice.
Subtalar titanium screw arthroereisis for the treatment of the symptomatic pediatric flatfoot
Authors: Szesz Anna , Małecki Krzysztof , Sibiński Marcin , Niedzielski Kryspin R.
Published: September 2023

Background. Idiopathic flexible flatfoot in children is a common condition which most frequently improves with age and remains asymptomatic. In some cases, the condition is more severe, and may cause mechanical impairment or pain. The aim of the study was to perform a prospective clinical, radiological, podoscopic and pedobarographic assessment (static and dynamic) of subtalar titanium screw arthroereisis for the treatment of symptomatic, idiopathic, flexible flatfoot. Methods. A prospective, consecutive, non-controlled, cohort, clinical follow-up study was performed. In total, 30 patients (41 feet), mean age 10 (6 to 16 years), were evaluated. Clinical and standing radiological assessments, static and dynamic pedobarography, as well as podoscopy, were performed before surgery and at final follow-up. Results. Significant improvements were found for heel valgus angle, radiographic parameters (lateral and dorso-planar talo-1st metatarsal angle, calcaneal inclination angle, talar declination angle, longitudinal arch angle) and podoscopic parameters (Clark’s angle, Staheli’s arch index and Chippaux-Smirak index). The dynamic pedobarography identified significant increases in lateral loading, forefoot contact phase and double support / swing phase, together with reduced medial loading. Static pedobarography identified significant increases in lateral midfoot area and loading, and a decrease in medial forefoot loading. Four patients reported persistent pain in the sinus tarsi region (six feet) and in one case the implant was replaced for a larger one due to undercorrection. No overcorrections or infection complications were noted in our study group. Conclusions. Subtalar arthroereisis is a minimally-invasive and effective method of surgical treatment of symptomatic, idiopathic, flexible flatfoot with low complication rate with good clinical results.
Increasing the ratio of red to blue light as supplemental light improves growth, photosynthesis, and yield of cut roses
Authors: Davarzani Maryam , Aliniaeifard Sasan , Mehrjerdi Mahboobeh Zare , Roozban Mahmoud Reza , Saeedi Seyyed Arash
Published: September 2023

During the seasons with limited light intensity, reductions in growth, yield and quality are challenging issues for commercial cut rose production in greenhouses. Using artificial supplemental light is recommended for maintaining commercial production in regions with limited light intensity. Nowadays, replacement of traditional lighting sources with LEDs attracted lots of attentions. Since red (R) and blue (B) light spectra present the important wavelengths for the photosynthesis and growth, in the present study different ratios of supplemental R and B lights including 90% R: B 10% (R90B10), 80% R: 20% B (R80B20), 70% R: 30% B (R70B30) with an intensity of 150 µmol m− 2 s− 1 together with natural light and without supplemental light (control) were applied on two commercial rose cultivars. According to the obtained results, supplemental light improved growth, carbohydrate levels, photosynthesis capacity, and yield when compared to the control. R90B10 in both cultivars reduced the time required for flowering compared to the control treatment. The highest number of harvested flower stems was obtained by R90B10 and R80B20 in both cultivars. Chlorophyll and carotenoid levels were the highest under control and higher ratio of B light, while carbohydrate and anthocyanin contents increased by having high ratio of R light in the supplemental light. Analysis of chlorophyll fluorescence were indicative of better photosynthetic performance under high ratio of R light in the supplemental light. In conclusion, R90B10 light regime is recommended as suitable supplemental light recipie to improve growth and photosynthesis, to accelerate flowering, and to improve the yield and quality of cut roses.
Validation of the EORTC information (QLQ-INFO25) and satisfaction with care (IN-PATSAT32) modules in Polish cancer patients’ population
Authors: Rudzińska Agnieszka , Kukla Patryk , Zygulska Aneta L. , Grela-Wojewoda Aleksandra , Pacholczak-Madej Renata , Gaweł Małgorzata , Zuchowska-Vogelgesang Beata , Streb-Smolen Anna , Mucha-Małecka Anna , Tomaszewska Iwona M. , Ziobro Marek , Püsküllüoğlu Mirosława
Published: September 2023

Background: The IN-PATSAT32 and QLQ-INFO25 are questionnaires which can be applied to assess and improve communication with cancer patients, as well as for research and clinical trials aimed at assessing patients’ satisfaction and perception of the information received from nurses and other healthcare providers. Given the recently passed “Polish oncological network” act of law, the issue of patient satisfaction and its regular assessment is finally acknowledged in the socioeconomic and cultural context of Poland. The aim of this study was to perform validation of EORTC satisfaction with care QLQ-INFO25 and quality of information IN-PATSAT32 modules.
Methods: The prospective cross-sectional study included patients from cancer reference center from Krakow, Poland. The translated and pilot-tested module QLQ-INFO25 was used together with core questionnaire QLQ-C30 and satisfaction module IN-PATSAT32. Adult patients with histological confirmation of any malignancy and ability to understand the questionnaire were included into the study.
Results: 187 patients were enrolled, including 111 women and 76 men (mean age ± SD; 59.32 ± 10.4). Cronbach's alpha coefficients, range 0.83-0.85 for QLQ-INFO25 and 0.82-0.94 for IN-PATSAT32 showed positive internal consistency. Acceptable convergent and discriminant validity in multi-trait scaling analyses was seen for both modules with r<0.3 for all calculations. Interclass correlations proved satisfactory test-retest reliability.
Conclusions: Polish versions of IN-PATSAT32 and QLQ-NFO25 are reliable and valid instruments providing domains not covered by core EORTC module. Tools are suitable for use in daily clinical practice, in research as well as in clinical trials in order to obtain data regarding patients’ perception of and satisfaction with received information within the socioeconomic and cultural context of Poland.
Event-triggered delay compensation control for networked systems with random delay
Authors: Zhang Ji
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to investigate the problem of event-triggered control for a networked system with two channels of random delays. First, a discrete-time event-triggered scheme, in which sensor information is only updated when it is necessary, is presented. Next, the system is modeled as a time-delay singular Markovian jump system with time-varying switching. Then, an event-triggered network-induced delay compensation strategy is proposed. Sufficient conditions guaranteeing the asymptotically stable are derived based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method together with the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. Finally, simulation results and a practical networked DC servo control system verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Relationship between Parkinson's disease and cardiovascular diseases: a Mendelian randomized study
Authors: Zhou Zhongzheng , Zhang Muzi , Fang Qinghua , Huang Jing
Published: September 2023

Background
Parkinson's disease (PD) and cardiovascular disease (CVDs) are related, according to earlier studies, but these studies have some controversy. Our aim was to assess the impact of PD on CVDs using a Mendelian randomization (MR) method.
Methods
The data for PD were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a publicly available genome-wide association Study (GWAS) dataset containing data on 482,730 individuals. And the outcome SNPs data is from the GWAS database with a 17,891,936 sample size. The basic method for MR Analysis was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach. We use the weighted median method and the MR-Egger method to supplement the MR Analysis conclusion. Finally, We used Cochran's Q test to test heterogeneity, MR-PRESSO method and leave-one-out analysis method to perform sensitivity analysis.
Results
We used ratio ratios (OR) to assess the strength of the association between exposure and outcome, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to show the reliability of the results. Our findings imply that PD is linked to a higher occurrence of coronary artery disease (CAD) (OR = 1.055, 95% CI: 1.020–1.091, P = 0.001 ), stroke (OR = 1.039, 95% CI: 1.007–1.072, P = 0.014 ). IVW analyses for Stroke's subgroups of ischemic stroke (IS) and cardioembolic stroke (CES) also yielded positive results, respectively (OR = 1.043, 95% CI: 1.008–1.079, P = 0.013 ), (OR = 1.076, 95% CI: 1.008–1.149, P = 0.026 ). There is no evidence of a relationship between PD and other CVDs. Additionally, sensitivity analysis revealed reliable outcomes.
Conclusion
Our MR study analysis that Parkinson's disease is related with an elevated risk of CAD, stroke, IS, and CES.
Disentangling organizational and economic levers in transitional care programs: A systematic review and configurational analysis
Authors: Landi Stefano , Panella Maria Martina , Leardini Chiara
Published: September 2023

Background
Promoting a safe and efficient transition of care is pivotal to reduce the readmission rate and related costs and improve the quality of patient care. A growing body of literature suggests that transitional care (TC) programs are effective in improving quality of life and reducing the number of unplanned readmissions for several groups of patients. TC programs are highly complex and multidimensional calling for new evidence on how specific practices influence their effectiveness in patient care and readmission reduction.
Methods
The study investigates, through a systematic review and a configurational approach, the roles played by system characteristics (size, ownership, professional skill, technology used), the components and the combination of components implemented, and the potential economic impact of transitional care programs.
Results
The more component are implemented, the higher the probability of a TC program successfully reducing readmission rates. Not all components have the same impact. The findings show that certain components are necessary: “Monitoring and Managing Symptoms after Discharge” and “Discharge Planning.” In settings where not all the components are feasible, the findings show two different combinations of component can achieve reduction in readmissions. Moreover, the study shows different ways to involve professionals’ skill mix and their mode of coordination in TC programs. Four organizational models emerge: the health-based monocentric, social-based monocentric, multidisciplinary team, and mono-specialist team.
Conclusions
The results underline the importance of examining in depth the role of organizational and economic factors in facilitating the creation of a successful TC program. The work gives preliminary insights into how to systematize management practices and different organization modes facilitating decision-makers’ choices in TC implementation.
Effects of Eight-Week Strength Training on Basal Hormone Levels, Oxidative Stress Markers and IL-6 Levels in Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Hayta Umit , Dınc Nurten , Taneli Fatma
Published: September 2023

Purpose This study investigated how strength training affects adolescent athletes' hormonal, cytokine, and oxidative stress markers.
Methods The participants were split into two groups: Strength training (ST) (n=10) and control (C) (n=10). The strength training group participated in 8-week handball and strength training. The Control group followed their weekly handball training routine. The ST group participated in traditional strength training 3 days a week in addition to handball training for 8 weeks. We quantified hormone, oxidative stress markers and IL-6 in the subject’s blood samples.
Result Interestingly Insulin-like growth factor-1 concentration declined in the C group (p<0.05), while the ST serum concentrations did not change statistically (p>0.05). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) concentration of the ST decreased but did not in C. Serum-free testosterone (FT) levels increased in both groups, while total testosterone levels did not change. While total antioxidant status (TAS) and antioxidants stress index (ASI) did not change, total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) reduced both groups (p<0.05). Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels did not alter ST and C groups.
Conclusion While strength training did not affect serum concentrations of testosterone, GH, IGF-1, Cortisol, IL-6, and total antioxidant status, it caused a decrease in SHBG and IGFBP3. Serum FT levels increased in ST and C groups. Also, serum TOS levels declined ST and C; it is unclear whether strength training affects the increase in free testosterone or the decrease in TOS levels.
The antagonistic activity of Streptomyces scopuliridis (No. HS1) against of poplar canker pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea
Authors: Liu Qingzhen , Li Xin , Mao He , Zuo Tongtong , Zhang Yang , Gou Tianbing , Chen Jingsheng , Li Limei
Published: September 2023

Background Poplar canker caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea is one of the most severe plant disease that is also associated with death of poplars worldwide. In this study, the biocontrol efficacy and mechanisms of action of Streptomyces scopuliridis (No. HS1), which was previously isolated from soil, was determined against B. dothidea. In vitro, S. scopuliridis and fermentation broth supernatant (FBS) significantly suppressed mycelium growth and biomass accumulation and also disrupted the mycelium morphology of B. dothidea.
Results On the 3rd day after treatment, the inhibition rates of colony growth and dry weight were 80.72% and 52.53%, respectively. In addition, FBS treatment damaged the plasma membrane of B. dothidea based on increased electrical conductivity in the culture medium and malondialdehyde content in B. dothidea hyphae. Notably, analysis of key enzymes in glycolysis pathway showed that the activity of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase increased after FBS treatment. Moreover, the activity of Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase increased, which considerably affected the accumulation of nutrients and energy in pathogenic cells. Meanwhile, the significant reduction in glucose contents and increase in pyruvate contents in B. dothidea treated with FBS further confirmed that FBS may accelerate glycolysis in B. dothidea, which accelerated energy consumption and reduced nutrients accumulation r in B. dothidea.
Conclusions In summary, the inhibitory mechanism of FBS on B. dothidea was a complex process, which was reflected in multiple levels of mycelium growth, cell membrane structure, material and energy metabolism. Therefore, S. scopuliridis (No. HS1) FBS represents an ecofriendly biocontrol alternatives for poplar canker with good antifungal effect, which provides an alternative approach to biological control strategies.
Smart City Healthcare Delivery Innovations: A Systematic Review of Essential Technologies and Indicators for Developing Nations
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Zahra , Saeidnia Hamid Reza , Lotfata Aynaz , Hassanzadeh Mohammad
Published: September 2023

Background: In recent times, the concept of smart cities has gained remarkable traction globally, driven by the increasing interest in employing technology to address various urban challenges, particularly in the healthcare domain. Smart cities are proving to be transformative, utilizing an extensive array of technological tools and processes to improve healthcare accessibility, optimize patient outcomes, reduce costs, and enhance overall efficiency.
Methods: This article delves into the profound impact of smart cities on the healthcare landscape and discusses its potential implications for the future of healthcare delivery. Moreover, the study explores the necessary infrastructure required for developing countries to establish smart cities capable of providing intelligent health and care services. To ensure a comprehensive analysis, we employed a well-structured search strategy across esteemed databases, including PubMed, OVID, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search scope encompassed articles published up to November 2022, resulting in a meticulous review of 22 relevant articles.
Results: Our findings provide compelling evidence of the pivotal role that smart city technology plays in elevating healthcare delivery, forging a path towards improved accessibility, efficiency, and quality of care for communities worldwide. By harnessing the power of data analytics, Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, and mobile applications, smart cities are driving real-time health monitoring, early disease detection, and personalized treatment approaches.
Conclusion: Smart cities possess the transformative potential to reshape healthcare practices, providing developing nations with invaluable opportunities to establish intelligent and adaptable healthcare systems customized to their distinct requirements and limitations. Moreover, the implementation of smart healthcare systems in developing nations can lead to enhanced healthcare accessibility and affordability, as the integration of technology can optimize resource allocation and improve the overall efficiency of healthcare services. It also may help alleviate the burden on overburdened healthcare facilities by streamlining patient care processes and reducing wait times, ensuring that medical attention reaches those in need more swiftly.
A Symmetrical Arrangement Strategy based Real-time Toolpath Planning Method for A 5-DoF Fully Parallel Machining Robot
Authors: Wang Yifan , Xie Zenghui , Xie Fugui , Liu Xin-Jun
Published: September 2023

A 5-DoF fully parallel machining robot (PMR) with attitude coupling motion property has the potential to realize the high-efficiency and high-quality machining of complex parts with curved surfaces. From the perspective of mechanism, this kind of 5-DoF fully PMR can achieve no singularity in the workspace after optimum design, so the mobile platform can be adjusted to an arbitrary orientation directly and flexibly. In order to give full play to the above mechanical characteristics, the idea of planning orientation path in unit spherical coordinate system was proposed in our previous work, and then the orientation adjustment efficiency was improved. But the toolpath continuity and calculation simplicity remain to be solved. In light of this concern, the constraint equations to ensure the continuity between two adjacent B-splines are established, and the configuration of control points that can ensure the controllable curvature is derived. On this basis, a symmetrical arrangement strategy that generates shape limits for fitted B-splines to achieve high-order continuity is proposed, and a toolpath planning method is established accordingly. To reduce computational complexity in the feedrate scheduling stage, a linear constraints system is adopted to calculate the feedrate of each point, and the feedrate calculation and interpolation are conducted simultaneously to generate the motion trajectory in real-time. The trajectory planning of S-shaped toolpaths is conducted using the proposed method and the commercial ISG CNC kernel respectively. The comparison results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the motion efficiency, the complexity of calculation, and the fluctuation of feedrate and acceleration. This study provides a more efficient and effective trajectory planning method and is of great significance to the further development of the 5-DoF PMR.
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Urinalysis of Hypertension Patients with Kidney Disease
Authors: Espinosa-Garavito Alberto C. , Quiroz Elkin Navarro , Galán-Freyle Nataly J. , Méndez-López Maximiliano , Aroca-Martinez Gustavo , Gomez-Escorcia Lorena , Acosta-Hoyos Antonio , Pacheco-Lugo Lisandro , Espitia-Almeida Fabián , Hernández-Rivera Samuel P. , Villa-Medina Joe , Pacheco-Londoño Leonardo C.
Published: September 2023

Arterial hypertension (AH) is a multifactorial and asymptomatic disease that affects vital organs such as the kidneys and heart. Considering its prevalence and the associated severe health repercussions, hypertension has become a disease of great relevance for public health across the globe. Conventionally, the classification of an individual as hypertensive or nonhypertensive is conducted through ambulatory blood pressure monitoring over a 24-h period. Although this method provides a reliable diagnosis, it has notable limitations, such as additional costs, intolerance experienced by some patients, and interferences derived from physical activities. Moreover, some patients with significant renal impairment may not present proteinuria. Accordingly, alternative methodologies are applied for the classification of individuals as hypertensive or nonhypertensive, such as the detection of metabolites in urine samples through liquid chromatography or mass spectrometry. However, the high cost of these techniques limits their applicability for clinical use. Consequently, an alternative methodology was developed for the detection of molecular patterns in urine collected from hypertension patients. In this study, a direct discrimination model for hypertensive and nonhypertensive individuals was generated through the amplification of Raman signals in urine samples based on gold nanoparticles and supported by chemometric techniques such as partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Specifically, 162 patient urine samples were used to create a PLS-DA model. These samples included 87 urine samples from patients diagnosed with hypertension and 75 samples from nonhypertensive volunteers. The PLS-DA model with 4 latent variables (LV) was used to classify the hypertensive patients with a calibration sensitivity (SenCal) of 89.2%, cross-validation sensitivity (SenCV) of 75.4%, prediction sensitivity (SenPred) of 86.4%, calibration specificity (SpeCal) of 86.0%, cross-validation specificity (SpeCV) of 77.2%, prediction specificity (SpePred) of 77.8%, calibration accuracy (AccCal) of 87.7%, cross-validation accuracy (AccCV) of 77.0%, and prediction accuracy (AccPred) of 82.5%. This study demonstrates the ability of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to differentiate between hypertensive and nonhypertensive patients through urine samples, representing a significant advance in the detection and management of AH.
Mediation effect of antithrombin III between chronic renal insufficiency and coronary artery disease in T2DM patients
Authors: Sun Ruoyu , Wang Shaohua , Wang Zheng , Wang Chenchen , Xu Yanchao , Yuan Yang
Published: September 2023

Purpose:The study aimed to investigate the potential effect of Antithrombin Ⅲ between chronic renal insufficiency and coronary artery disease in T2DM patients.
Methods:We collected data of T2DM patients hospitalized in ZhongDa Hospital affiliated with Southeast University. Relationships between renal function, Antithrombin Ⅲ, and coronary artery disease were explored using multivariate regression models. Multiplicative and additive interaction analysis was investigated. Bootstrap mediation analysis was utilized to investigate the role of Antithrombin Ⅲ.
Results:A total of 4,238 patients were included, among which the coronary artery disease prevalence was 23.8%. Lower levels of renal function and Antithrombin Ⅲ were observed in patients with coronary artery disease (P<0.05). In adjusted models, each 10-unit increase in Antithrombin Ⅲ was associated with an 8.3% (95%CI: 3.2%~13.1%; P<0.05) decrease in coronary artery disease risk. Patients with low levels of both eGFR and Antithrombin Ⅲ were in the highest risk (OR=1.45; 95%CI: 1.10-1.90, P<0.05) of coronary artery disease, while no multiplicative and additive interaction effects were significant. Bootstrap mediation analysis estimated that Antithrombin Ⅲ mediated approximately 4.40% of the effect of chronic renal insufficiency on coronary artery disease risk.
Conclusion:Antithrombin Ⅲ may serve as a mediator between chronic renal insufficiency and coronary artery disease, providing mechanistic insights into a new clinical observation.
Au@109Pd core-shell nanoparticle conjugated to trastuzumab for the therapy of HER2+ cancers. Studies on the applicability of 109Pd/109mAg in vivo generator in combined β−Auger electron therapy
Authors: Gharibkandi Nasrin Abbasi , Wawrowicz Kamil , Majkowska-Pilip Agnieszka , Żelechowska-Matysiak Kinga , Wierzbicki Mateusz , Bilewicz Aleksander
Published: September 2023

Background:
In radionuclide therapy, to enhance therapeutic efficacy, an intriguing alternative is to ensure the simultaneous implementation of low- and high-LET radiation emitted from a one radionuclide. In the present study, we introduce the concept of utilizing 109Pd (T1/2=13.7 h) in the form of a 109Pd/109mAg in vivo generator. In this system, 109Pd emits beta particles of medium energy, while 109mAg releases a cascade of conversion and Auger electrons. 109Pd was utilized in the form of 15nm gold nanoparticles, which were coated with a monolayer of 109Pd. In this system, the 109Pd atoms are on the surface of the nanoparticle, while the 109mAg atoms generated in the decay reaction possess the capability for unhindered emission of Auger electrons.
Results:
109Pd, obtained through neutron irradiation of natural palladium, was deposited onto 15-nm gold nanoparticles, exceeding a efficiency rate of 95%. In contrast to previously published data on in vivo generators based on chelators, where the daughter radionuclide diffuses away from the molecules, daughter radionuclide 109mAg remains on the surface of gold nanoparticles after the decay of 109Pd. To obtain a radiobioconjugate with an affinity for HER2 receptors, polyethylene glycol chains and the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab were attached to the Au@Pd nanoparticles. The synthesized bioconjugate contained an average of 9.5 trastuzumab molecules per one nanoparticle. In vitro cell studies indicated specific binding of the Au@109Pd-PEG-trastuzumab radiobioconjugate to the HER2 receptor on SKOV-3 cells, resulting in 90% internalization. Confocal images illustrated the accumulation of Au@109Pd-PEG-trastuzumab in the perinuclear area surrounding the cell nucleus. Despite the lack of nuclear localization, which is necessary to achieve an effective cytotoxic effect of Auger electrons, a substantial cytotoxic effect, significantly greater than that of pure β- and pure Auger electron emitters was observed. We hypothesize that in the studied system, the cytotoxic effect of the Auger electrons could have also occurred through the damage to the cell's nuclear membrane by Auger electrons emitted from nanoparticles accumulated in the perinuclear area.
Conclusion:
The obtained results show that trastuzumab-functionalized 109Pd-labeled nanoparticles can be suitable for the application in combined β− - Auger electron targeted radionuclide therapy. Due to both components decay (β− and conversion/Auger electrons), the 109Pd/109mAg in vivo generator presents unique potential in this field. Despite the lack of nuclear localization, which is highly required for efficient Auger electron therapy, an adequate cytotoxic effect was attained.
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes coordinate metabolic rewiring with developmental progression
Authors: Tulin Alexei , Bordet Guillaume , Bamgbose Gbolahan
Published: September 2023

Metabolism, known to be temporally regulated to meet evolving energy demands, plays a crucial role in shaping developmental pace. Therefore, the coordination of developmental progression with metabolism regulation is paramount to ensure appropriate energy production as needed. Recent studies have demonstrated that two key proteins PARP1 and PARG play a regulatory role in the transcription of both morphogenic and metabolic genes. Intriguingly, in Drosophila, the depletion of PARP1 or PARG proteins cause a developmental arrest before pupation, resulting in the accumulation of individuals unable to complete their development. This phenotype highlights the critical involvement of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes in regulating the metamorphic process. In this study, we provide compelling evidence that these enzymes intricately coordinate transcriptional changes in both developmental and metabolic pathways during metamorphosis. Specifically, they promote the expression of adult developmental genes crucial for pupation, while simultaneously repressing metabolic genes preceding the transition to the pupal stage. Additionally, these enzymes suppress the expression of larval developmental genes that are no longer required during this transformative period. Our findings shed light on the intricate interplay between poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes, developmental processes, and metabolic regulation during metamorphosis and highlight a new role of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ating enzymes in the global regulation of transcription.
Development of a relative quantification real-time PCR assay for infection status investigation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Mycoplasma hyorhinis in nursery and finished pigs
Authors: Lin Wei-Hao , Wu Meng-Tien , Yang Cheng-Yao , Lin Chuen-Fu , Lin Chao-Nan , Chiou Ming-Tang
Published: September 2023

Background
Swine enzootic pneumonia (SEP) is an important disease causing severe economic losses in the pig industry. The SEP-like lesions are common in nursery and finishing pigs suffered porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) and can be caused by not only Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) but also Mycoplasma hyorhinis (M. hyorhinis). This study aimed to develop a relative quantitative real-time PCR assay to investigate the M. hyopneumoniae and M. hyorhinis load in SEP-like lesions of nursery and slaughter pigs.
Results
The detection limit of the relative quantitative real-time PCR assay was 104 copies/µL. This assay had excellent specificity and showed no cross-reaction with other common swine viral and bacterial pathogens. M. hyorhinis detection rate (63.9%, 133/208) of nursery pigs was significantly higher than M. hyopneumoniae (2.4%), co-infection (24%) (p < 0.0001). The relative quantification ratios of M. hyorhinis in nursery pigs (1.196 ± 0.339) were significantly higher than that of M. hyopneumoniae (0.66 ± 0.26) (p < 0.0001) and that of M. hyorhinis in finishing pigs (0.477 ± 0.17) (p < 0.0001). In contrast, the relative quantification ratios of M. hyopneumoniae in finishing pigs (0.772 ± 0.229) were significantly higher than that of M. hyorhinis (0.477 ± 0.17) (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions
This study firstly developed a M. hyopneumoniae and M. hyorhinis multiplex relative quantification real-time PCR assay to point out the importance of M. hyorhinis as the major pathogen of SEP-like lesion in nursery pigs.
Simulation Tool for Optical Systems: Evaluating and Optimizing Autofocals and Beyond
Authors: Hosp Benedikt , Sauer Yannick , Agarwala Rajat , Wahl Siegfried
Published: September 2023

The development and evaluation of autofocal glasses require robust and efficient tools for assessing their performance in various real-world scenarios. This study presents a novel virtual reality (VR) simulation tool designed to evaluate the control algorithms of autofocal glasses. The tool incorporates a matching task involving Landolt rings and Sloan letters presented on different screens at varying distances and a NASA Task Load Index (TLX) questionnaire to assess participants' subjective workload and convenience. By employing this experimental design, we aimed to gain insights into the effectiveness and efficiency of the evaluated control algorithms for autofocals within our VR-based simulation tool. Our results indicate that the developed VR simulation tool provides a valuable platform for assessing the performance of autofocal glasses in a controlled environment, ultimately contributing to the development of more efficient and user-friendly autofocal glasses.
ToMoDL: A model-based deep learning framework for optical projection tomography
Authors: Obando Marcos , Bassi Andrea , Ducros Nicolas , Mato Germán , Correia Teresa
Published: September 2023

We evaluate a model-based deep learning reconstruction algorithm for optical projection tomography images. The method iterates over a data consistency step and an image domain artefact removal step achieved by a convolutional neural network. A preprocessing stage is also included to avoid potential misalignments between the sample center of rotation and the detector. Our algorithm is trained in a database of wild-type zebrafish (Denio Rerio) at different stages of development to minimise the mean square error for a fixed number of iterations. Using a cross-validation scheme, we compare the results to other methods, such as filtered backprojection, total variation minimization and a direct deep learning (DL) method where the pseudo inverse solution is corrected by a U-Net. We find our method performs equal or better than the alternatives. For a reduced number of projections in comparison to our ground truth, only U-Net is comparable, but we find that our proposal achieves a much better performance if the amount of data available for training is limited, given the much smaller number of parameters our trainable network has.
Climate Change Impact on the Trigger of Natural Disasters Over East Southeastern Himalayas Foothill Region of Myanmar: Extreme Rainfall Analysis
Authors: oo KYAW Than , Haishan CHEN , JONAH Kazora
Published: September 2023

The study examines the characteristics and variability of monsoon rainfall in Myanmar, focusing on the relationship between heavy rainfall, floods, and earthquakes, which impact agriculture, hydrology, and the environment. However, heavy rainfall can cause flooding, economic losses, and water table changes. In northern Myanmar, floods occur mainly during the monsoon season from June to October and can be classified into widespread floods along major rivers like Ayeyarwady, Thanlwin, Chindwin, and Sittoung, and flash floods in small streams and rivers. Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, including heavy rainfall, which can trigger floods or landslides, which can in turn cause earthquakes. Heavy rainfall over northern Myanmar and the Sagaing faults, which are the main trigger of earthquakes, has been the subject of several studies. The study uses the Copernicus 5 database of Global Climate Model (GCM) simulations with two scenarios analysis on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) to study changes in climatic extremes. Results show high intensity in the northern region and monsoon core region, while the central region shows less intensity. The study also uses intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves to analyze the relationship between rainfall duration, intensity, and return time in major risk zones. The study finds that as short duration lengthens, rainfall intensity increases, while long duration patterns dominate for future rainfall. This information is expected to be convenient for local authorities and flood protection projects in rural and urban basins.
Comprehensive quantum chemical study of the associative complex of para-aminobenzoic acid and 7-diethylamino 4-methyl coumarin by adsorption and aromatic bridges
Authors: Lakhera Shradha , Devlal Kamal , Rana Meenakshi
Published: September 2023

The present study accounts for the quantum chemical and nonlinear optical properties of the combination of para-aminobenzoic acid and 7-diethylamino 4-methyl coumarin. Three different complexes were designed, surface interaction (adsorption) and two by connecting both molecules with π-bridge benzene and biphenyl. The amino and carboxyl groups were observed to behave as strong donor and acceptor sites in all the complexes. The band gap of the adsorbed complex was found more suitable. The absorption wavelength and intensity both were seen to increase with the increase in the number of benzene rings in the π-bridge. The chemical reactivity was established by the global reactivity descriptors. The values of first and second-order hyperpolarizability suggest the improved nonlinear optical responses of the introduced complexes. Additionally, the negative value of second-order hyperpolarizability suggests the possibility of the occurrence of reverse saturable absorption in these combinations. The reported work gives theoretical insights into the nonlinear optical properties of the combination of para-aminobenzoic acid and 7-diethylamino 4-methyl coumarin.
Prevalence and characterization of Leishmania donovani in human hospital cases and domestic dogs in Gadarif State, Sudan
Authors: Abdalla Ahmed Osman Ahmed , Mohammed Abdullah A.A. , hadi Hanan Abdalla Ahmed El , Khaier Mona Abdelrahman Mohamed , Zainaldeen Alsadig Abdalla
Published: September 2023

Background
Leishmania donovani is a protozoan parasite that causes visceral leishmaniasis, a potentially fatal disease in humans and dogs. The epidemiology and transmission dynamics of L. donovani in Sudan are poorly understood.
Objective
To determine the prevalence and characterization of L. donovani in human hospital cases and domestic dogs using different diagnostic methods in two localities in Gadarif State, Sudan.
Material and method:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to April 2020 Whole blood samples and lymph node aspirates were collected from 69 human and 32 dog participants for parasitological, immunological, and molecular tests.
Results
No parasites were detected in blood samples from either humans or dogs. Lymph node microscopy revealed 71.01% positivity in humans and 9.4% in dogs. The IT Leish test showed 82.6% positivity in humans and 43.75% in dogs. PCR confirmed L. donovani infection in all six selected samples (three from humans and three from dogs).
Conclusion
The study confirmed the presence of L. donovani in both human and dog populations in the study area, suggesting that dogs may act as reservoirs or hosts for the parasite. The IT Leish kit test was the most sensitive and specific method, while microscopy of blood and lymph node smears was the least sensitive method. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of dogs in the transmission cycle of L. donovani and the risk factors associated with human infection.
Clinical impact of spacer placement surgery with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene sheet for particle therapy
Authors: Fujinaka Ryosuke , Komatsu Shohei , Terashima Kazuki , Demizu Yusuke , Omiya Satoshi , Kido Masahiro , Toyama Hirochika , Tokumaru Sunao , Okimoto Tomoaki , Fukumoto Takumi
Published: September 2023

Background: Spacer placement surgery is useful in particle therapy (PT) for patients with abdominopelvic malignant tumors located adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to assess the safety, efficacy, and long-term outcomes of spacer placement surgery using an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) spacer.
Methods: This study included 131 patients who underwent ePTFE spacer placement surgery and subsequent PT between September 2006 and June 2019. The overall survival (OS) and local control (LC) rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method. Spacer-related complications were classified according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 5.0).
Results: The median follow-up period after spacer placement surgery was 36.8 months. The 3-year estimated OS and LC rates were 60.5% and 76.5%, respectively. A total of 130 patients (99.2%) were able to complete PT. Spacer-related complications of ≥ grade 3 were observed in four patients (3.1%) in the acute phase and 13 patients (9.9%) in the late phase. Ten patients (7.6%) required removal of the ePTFE spacer.
Conclusions: Spacer placement surgery using an ePTFE spacer for abdominopelvic malignant tumors is technically feasible and acceptable for subsequent PT. However, severe spacer-related late complications were observed in some patients. Since long-term placement of a non-absorbable ePTFE spacer is associated with risks for morbidity and infection, careful long-term follow-up and prompt therapeutic intervention are essential when complications associated with the ePTFE spacer occur.
Trial registration: retrospectively registered