bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of gentamicin on spontaneous and agonist-induced in vitro contractions of isolated myometrial tissue from pregnant cows
Authors: YUKSEL MURAT , OCAL HALIS , AYAR AHMET
Published: September 2019

The aim of the present study is to examine the effects of gentamicin sulphate on spontaneous, oxytocin and PGF2α induced in vitro contractions of myometrium isolated from pregnant cows. Myometrial strips were obtained from healthy pregnant cows and suspended in a covered organ bath filled with Krebs’ solution at 37°C (pH 7.4) continuously bubbled with 95% oxygen and 5% carbon dioxide: isometric contractions were recorded using an isometric force displacement transducer. After the stabilization of spontaneous contractile activity during a 90-minute equilibration period, contractions were recorded for 20 minutes (control). Gentamicin sulphate was then added to the tissue bath cumulatively and the responses were recorded every 20-minutes for each consecutive dose of gentamicin. In agonist-induced contractions, oxytocin or PGF2α was added to the tissue bath at the end of the equilibration period and the same protocol was followed to investigate the effects gentamicin on these agonist-induced contractions. Gentamicin decreased the frequency and inhibited the amplitude of the spontaneous contractions in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). The mean frequency and amplitude of oxytocin-induced contractions was significantly inhibited by the application of gentamicin (p < 0.05). Gentamicin also inhibited the contractions induced by PGF2α in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). This study showed gentamicin inhibited, depending on the dosage, oxytocin and PGF2α induced contractions of myometrium isolated from pregnant cows. Upon clinically examining the findings obtained by the study, gentamicin can be used as an antibacterial in septic abort and chorioamniotis in order to prevent premature birth, abortion and early uterus contractions. Further studies are necessary to test whether the same effect will take place in vivo and to examine the effects of longterm use of gentamicin on offsprings.
Predicting the polybromo-1 (PBRM1) mutation of a clear cell renal cell carcinoma using computed tomography images and KNN classification with random subspace
Authors: Ökmen Harika Beste , Guvenis Albert , Uysal Hadi
Published: September 2019

Purpose: Molecular genetic knowledge of clear-cell renal-cell carcinoma (CCRCC) plays an important role in predicting the prognosis and may be used as a guide in treatment decisions and the conception of clinical trials. It would then be desirable to predict these mutations non-invasively from CT images which are already available for CCRCC patients. Methods: TCGAKIRC data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute’s (NCI) image dataset. We used 191 patient data of which 63 were associated with PBRM1 mutations. The tumors were delineated by a radiologist with over 10 years of experience, on slices that displayed the largest diameter of the tumor. Features were extracted and normalized. After feature selection, the KNN classification with Random Subspace method was used as it is known to have advantages over the simple k-nearest-neighbor method. Results: Prediction accuracy for PBRM1 was found 83.8 %. Conclusions: A single slice of the CT scan image of CCRCC can be used for predicting PBRM1 mutations using KNN classification in Random Subspaces with an acceptable accuracy.
Beverage Composition for Preventive Nutrition: Theoretical Approach
Authors: Сергеева Ирина , Sergeeva Irina , Райник Виталий , Raynick Vitaly , Марков Александр , Markov Aleksandr , Вечтомова Елена , Vechtomova Elena
Published: September 2019

Modern food culture and ecological environment lead to metabolic failures. Cardiovascular and digestive diseases, as well as obesity and diabetes, are becoming younger and younger. The present research featured the development of medical science by promoting the scientific platform of ‘preventive environment’. The priority of the platform is to assess the impact of individual bioactive nutrients on morbidity. The paper starts with a brief overview of the main directions in dietetics. Imbalanced nutrition leads to metabolic syndrome, which results in weight gain and cardiovascular diseases. Scientists associate metabolic disorders with hereditary predisposition, i.e. the presence of polymorphism of certain genes, and with the effect of environment and diet. Modern science knows few medical options for obesity treatment, which means that both pharmaceutical and nutraceutical methods of weight-reducing treatment remain understudied. Functional foods with a modified carbohydrate profile can improve the chemical composition of the diet. The study involved ranking of dairy products according to the obesity risk. The paper describes the effect of various biologically active substances of plant origin on metabolism of an obesity-affected organism. Thypakoids were found to affect satiety and fullness of the gastrointestinal tract through hormones of appetite. They also affect the microbial composition of the gastrointestinal tract without causing side effects, such as steatorrhea. The research results indicate that thylakoids are a new means of natural origin for the prevention and treatment of obesity. A single dose of black tea containing flavonoids was found to reduce peripheral blood flow in the upper and lower extremities after glucose loading, which was accompanied by a lower reaction to insulin. A mixture of curcumin and piperine can increase fat loss and suppress inflammation caused by high fat content. The paper also features the phenomenon of oxidative stress: antioxidant ingredients, such as vitamins, trace elements, and minor biologically active components are mandatory for a balanced diet. The analysis of scientific data made it possible to create a formula for a preventive product – an oat milk with a modified carbohydrate composition and various fruit, berry, and vegetable fillers.
Gingerbread with Fruit Filling: Preservation Factor Assessment
Authors: Кондратьев Николай , Kondratev Nikolay , Федорко Ксения , Fedorko Ksenia , Крылова Эмилия , Krylova Emilia , Пестерев Михаил , Pesterev Mikhail , Осипов Максим , Osipov Maxim
Published: September 2019

The ratio of ‘bound’ and ‘free’ water plays an important role in the studies of staling of various baked confectionery products. Gingerbread with fruit filling is a traditional flour confectionery product with intermediate moisture, which causes transfer processes during storage. Temperature, relative humidity, light exposure, mechanical stress, and pressure affect the staling speed of such confectionery products. The shelf life of raw gingerbread was increased from 10–20 days to more than two months, which caused microbiological deterioration during storage. Moisture transfer between the filling and the crumb increases water activity

and ruins the capillary structure of gingerbread during storage, thus significantly increasing the risk of microbiological damage. The present research featured the changes in the mass fraction of moisture and water activity of individual parts of raw gingerbread with fruit filling during storage at different temperatures and relative air humidity. The samples were packed in a 40-micron polypropylene film. During storage, the mass fraction of moisture and water activity may change in various parts of the product, which can lead to their molding. In this case, starch degradation processes led to the destruction of the structure and a decrease in the content of mechanically-bound moisture, as well as to the release of ‘free’ water and an increase in water activity. As a result, the risk of molding increased significantly. The water activity increased from 0.71 to 0.79 on the sample surface after six weeks of storage at 30°C and a 40% of equilibrium relative humidity. A set of experiments in microbiological indicators revealed no signs of molding in the freshly prepared samples. After one month of storage, the amount of mold reached 10 CFU/g. The quantity of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms in different parts of the crumb increased from 3×10 to 9×102 CFU/g and in the filling – from 1×10 to 2.3×103 CFU/g. After two months of storage, the amount of mold reached more than 103 COE/g, which greatly exceeds safety norms. As the relative air humidity increased from 30% to 40%, the moisture transfer rate between the products and the environment was reduced by half. As a result, the shelf life decreased by 1–2 weeks. The research also studied the patterns of moisture transfer processes in summer and winter conditions. The research results contribute to the development of technology and shelf life forecasting for complex flour confectionery products with intermediate moisture.
Effect of Pumpkin Husks on Cracker Dough Fermentation
Authors: Мистенева Светлана , Misteneva Svetlana , Солдатова Елена , Soldatova Elena , Щербакова Наталья , Shcherbakova Natalia , Герасимов Тимофей , Gerasimov Timofey , Талейсник Михаил , Taleysnik Mikhail
Published: September 2019

Problems of rational and balanced nutrition for children and teenagers attract the attention of scientists around the world. Nowadays, pediatricians, nutritionists, and parents are interested in researches that study the nature and structure of children’s diet. The food market is wide and diverse. However, most foods, including confectionary products for children, do not correspond with the principles of healthy nutrition, food legislation, and the achievements of modern food science. As a result, it is difficult for consumers to select physiologically important products for their children. The government of the Russian Federation has defined the main directions for the development of food products designed for children. The program involves expanding their range and improving their quality and safety. In addition, domestic food industry should be based on echnical regulations, the latest scientific achievements, and global trends in production management and choice of raw materials, as well as in the design of specialized confectionery products and healthy foods. The present paper describes how specialized confectionery products for children of preschool and school age can be improved and fortified with vitamins and minerals. The authors introduce some criteria that distinguish this category from mass products. In this connection, the paper also covers some basic problems of the development of food for children in the Russian Federation. It describes the regulatory legal acts for confectionery products for children in the countries of the Customs Union. The authors believe that there is a need for a single regulatory document to control the development and sales of specialized products for children. The results of the research confirm the relevance of the work performed by the All-Russian Research Institute of Confectionery Industry on the development of State Standards for cookies for preschoolers and schoolchildren.
Assessing the Biological Value of Milk Obtained from Various Farm Animals
Authors: Оразов Аян , Orazov Ayan , Надточий Людмила , Nadtochii Lyudmila , Сафронова Анна , Safronova Anna
Published: September 2019

The present paper features a comparative analysis of the biological value of milk obtained from cows, goats, mares, and camels. The biological value of the milk was estimated by protein and lipid components using computational methods of food combinatorics. According to the chemical composition of the milk, camel’s milk proved to have the highest protein content (4.0%). Cow’s and goat’s milk were much poorer in protein: its content was by 0.8 and 1% lower, respectively. The lowest weight fraction of protein was in mare’s milk, which was by 1.8% lower than in camel’s milk, and also by 0.8 and 1% lower if compared to goat’s and cow’s milk. In addition, mare’s milk differed from other types of dairy raw products by its lowest fat content (1.0%), which was 4.1, 3.2, and 2.6% lower than the fat content of the milk obtained from camels, goats, and cows, respectively. The high fat content of camel’s milk was associated with its highest energy content (82 kcal), while the energy content in goat’s milk was 14 kcal, cow’s milk – 17 kcal and mare’s milk – 41 kcal. Camel’s and goat’s milk had a high content of solids (15% and 13.4%, respectively), whereas mare’s milk had only 10.7% and cow’s milk – 11%. The paper also introduces some data on the protein component of the milk obtained by using the amino acid scoring method. Mare’s milk proved to have the highest value of the amino acid composition index (0.6), which over-indexed the values for cow’s, goat’s, and camel’s milk by 0.13, 0.14 and 0.18, respectively. The biological value of the lipid component of the product is characterized by its qualitative composition of fatty acids. The highest values of the index of fatty acid composition belonged to mare’s milk: 0.58 and 0.42, taking into account the 3 and 5 calculation components. Camel’s milk was found inferior to mare’s milk by 0.9. The lowest values of the lipid composition index were observed for cow’s and goat’s milk. The research involved a complex calculation of the level of balance in the composition of milk. All the livestock animals were rated according to the Harrington’s scale of desirability as ‘satisfactory’ by the third component of the estimation, but

the highest numerical values of the level of balance belonged to mare’s milk. To optimize this indicator, the authors recommend livestock animal milk as an ingredient of complex raw commodity products.
Os Sentidos da formação narrativas de professores de inglês sobre suas experiências de ensino e aprendizagem
Authors: Mattos Andrea Machado de Almeida , Caetano Érika Amâncio
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho enfoca as experiências de ensino e aprendizagem de inglês de um grupo de professores que participou de um curso de especialização em ensino numa grande universidade brasileira. O objetivo do texto é apresentar e discutir narrativas de experiências vividas por esses professores relacionadas aos cinco sentidos do corpo humano: audição, visão, paladar, tato e olfato. O projeto foi inspirado em sugestão de Pennycook (2015) sobre pesquisas relacionadas aos sentidos humanos e envolve narrativas sobre ensino e aprendizagem de inglês. Os resultados mostram um conjunto de narrativas relacionadas aos sentidos humanos que podem estar associadas a questões de empoderamento, agência, pertencimento e ao desejo de ser professor de inglês. Conclui-se que formadores de professores podem criar espaços para que seus alunos e professores em formação se sintam parte de uma nova realidade e usem o poder do conhecimento da língua para conquistar seu lugar no mundo.
Reagindo a textos instanciações de gênero textual em livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Bader Khun Mhdi Ibrahim , Fuzer Cristiane
Published: September 2019

Este estudo objetiva investigar realizações linguísticas que instanciam gêneros da família das reações a textos em textos nomeados como “crítica”, presentes em livros didáticos de língua portuguesa dos ensinos fundamental e médio. Para isso, são mobilizados pressupostos teóricos acerca dos gêneros da família das reações a textos (MARTIN; ROSE, 2008; CHRISTIE; DEREWIANKA, 2008), do sistema de transitividade (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2014), do subsistema atitude do sistema de Avaliatividade (MARTIN; WHITE, 2005), que permitem identificar as etapas de gênero, bem como seu propósito sociocomunicativo específico. Os resultados evidenciaram que os textos analisados instanciam, na perspectiva sistêmico-funcional, os gêneros resenha e interpretação temática.
Proliferative Effect of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) Lectin on BALB/c Mice Splenocytes
Authors: Cardoso da Silva Cynarha Daysy , Lagos de Melo Cristiane Moutinho , Matoso Maciel Carvalho Elba Verônica , Lino da Silva Mércia Andréa , Bezerra Rosiely Félix , Guerra dos Santos Athiê Jorge , Alves Pereira Valéria Rêgo , Breitenbach Barroso Coelho Luana Cassandra
Published: September 2019

Background:

Lectins have been studied in recent years due to their immunomodulatory
activities.

Objective:

We purified a lectin named OniL from tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) and here we
analyzed the cell proliferation and cytokine production in Balb/c mice splenocytes.

Methods:

Cells were stimulated in vitro in 24, 48, 72 hours and 6 days with different concentrations
of OniL and Con A. Evaluation of cell proliferation was performed through [3H]-thymidine
incorporation, cytokines were investigated using ELISA assay and cell viability assay was
performed by investigation of damage through signals of apoptosis and necrosis.

Results:

OniL did not promote significant cell death, induced high mitogenic activity in relation to
control and Con A and stimulated the cells to release high IL-2 and IL-6 cytokines.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that, like Con A, OniL lectin can be used as a mitogenic agent
in immunostimulatory assays.
The Role of the Endothelium in Premature Atherosclerosis: Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Spartalis Michael , Spartalis Eleftherios , Athanasiou Antonios , Paschou Stavroula A. , Kontogiannis Christos , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Iliopoulos Dimitrios C. , Voudris Vassilis
Published: September 2019

Atherosclerotic disease is still one of the leading causes of mortality. Atherosclerosis is a complex progressive and systematic artery disease that involves the intima of the large and middle artery vessels. The inflammation has a key role in the pathophysiological process of the disease and the infiltration of the intima from monocytes, macrophages and T-lymphocytes combined with endothelial dysfunction and accumulated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are the main findings of atherogenesis. The development of atherosclerosis involves multiple genetic and environmental factors. Although a large number of genes, genetic polymorphisms, and susceptible loci have been identified in chromosomal regions associated with atherosclerosis, it is the epigenetic process that regulates the chromosomal organization and genetic expression that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Despite the positive progress made in understanding the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, the knowledge about the disease remains scarce.
Insight into Structure-Function Relationships of β-Lactamase and BLIPs Interface Plasticity using Protein-Protein Interactions
Authors: Yadav Tara C. , Agarwal Vidhu , Srivastava Amit K. , Raghuwanshi Navdeep , Varadwaj Pritish , Prasad Ramasare , Pruthi Vikas
Published: September 2019

Background: Mostly BLIPs are identified in soil bacteria Streptomyces and originally isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus and can be utilized as a model system for biophysical, structural, mutagenic and computational studies. BLIP possess homology with two proteins viz., BLIP-I (Streptomyces exofoliatus) and BLP (beta-lactamase inhibitory protein like protein from S. clavuligerus). BLIP consists of 165 amino acid, possessing two homologues domains comprising helix-loop-helix motif packed against four stranded beta-sheet resulting into solvent exposed concave surface with extended four stranded beta-sheet. BLIP-I is a 157 amino acid long protein obtained from S. exofoliatus having 37% sequence identity to BLIP and inhibits beta-lactamase.  Methods: This review is intended to briefly illustrate the beta-lactamase inhibitory activity of BLIP via proteinprotein interaction and aims to open up a new avenue to combat antimicrobial resistance using peptide based inhibition.  Results: D49A mutation in BLIP-I results in a decrease in affinity for TEM-1 from 0.5 nM to 10 nM (Ki). It is capable of inhibiting TEM-1 and bactopenemase and differs from BLIP only in modulating cell wall synthesis enzyme. Whereas, BLP is a 154 amino acid long protein isolated from S. clavuligerus via DNA sequencing analysis of Cephamycin-Clavulanate gene bunch. It shares 32% sequence similarity with BLIP and 42% with BLIP-I. Its biological function is unclear and lacks beta-lactamase inhibitory activity.  Conclusion: Protein-protein interactions mediate a significant role in regulation and modulation of cellular developments and processes. Specific biological markers and geometric characteristics are manifested by active site binding clefts of protein surfaces which determines the specificity and affinity for their targets. TEM1.BLIP is a classical model to study protein-protein interaction. β-Lactamase inhibitory proteins (BLIPs) interacts and inhibits various β-lactamases with extensive range of affinities.
Impact of UPLC-MS in Food and Drug/Metabolite Analysis
Authors: Semwal Ankit , Dogra Raghav , Verma Kritika , Bhatia Rohit
Published: September 2019

The hyphenation of Ultra-Performance Liquid performance (UPLC) with mass spectrometry
(MS) has emerged as a powerful tool in analytical research due to its advanced sensitivity,
resolution and speed. Its advanced instrumentation, specialized columns, separation at ultra-high
pressure and sophisticated software are the distinguishing features as compared to the traditional
separating techniques. It has a wide range of applications in various fields such as analysis of food
stuffs, drug metabolites, beverages, toxicology, soil samples and micronutrient analysis. In the present
compilation, authors have highlighted the applicability of UPLC-MS in the analysis of food stuffs and
drug metabolites along with the various optimized analytical conditions and obtained results.
Performance of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry for the Identification of the HACEK Group and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Rods
Authors: Almuzara Marisa , V. Cárdenas Karen C. , Barberis Claudia , Ramirez Maria S. , Famiglietti Angela , Vay Carlos
Published: September 2019

Objective:

The aim of this study was to determine the capacity of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to identify 155 HACEK clinical isolates and other fastidious or infrequently isolated Gram-negative rods (e.g., Actinobacillus, Capnocytophaga, Pasteurella, Neisseria, Moraxella, Dysgonomonas, among others).

Methods:

All the isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests and MALDI-TOF MS. Two different extraction methods (direct transfer formic acid method on spot and ethanol formic acid extraction method) and different cut-offs for genus/specie level identification were used. MALDI-TOF MS identification was considered correct when the result obtained from the MS database agreed with the phenotypic identification result.
When both the methods gave discordant results, the 16S rDNA gene sequencing was considered as the gold standard identification method.

Results:

Employing the score cut-offs suggested by the manufacturer, 93.55% and 69.03% isolates were correctly identified at the genus and species level, respectively. On the contrary , employing lower cut-off scores for identification, 98.06% and 92.09% isolates were properly identified at the genus and species level respectively and no significant differences between the results obtained with two extraction methods were observed .

Conclusion:

The accurate identification of 14 genera showed the reliability of MALDI-TOF MS as an optional methodology to the routine identification methods currently used in laboratories.
Linking Implementation of Public Policy and Pilot Airmanship to Flight Safety in Indonesia: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Supriyadi Adang Asep
Published: September 2019

Background:

Although the flight accident rate in Indonesia has declined, several accidents still occur every year. In Indonesia, there are several major factors that can affect flight accidents, such as human error, policy aspect, limited facilities, and technological factors.

 
Aims:

The present study examines the relationship between the implementation of public policy and pilots’ airmanship and flight safety in Indonesia.

Methods:

Questionnaires with 171 questions about airmanship, flight safety, and public policy were distributed to 270 randomly selected Indonesian commercial pilots. A structural equation model was used to test the hypothesis model concerning the implementation of public policy, pilots’ airmanship, and flight safety. 

Results:

The empirical results strongly support the hypothesis that there is a significant relationship between behavior, emotional intelligence, and self-efficacy and airmanship; a significant relationship between pilots’ airmanship and the implementation of public policies; and a significant relationship between the implementation of public policy and aviation safety.
The Relationship between Nausea and Vomiting with General and Psychological Health of Pregnant Women Referral to Clinics in Arak City, 2015
Authors: Vakilian Katayon , Aghdam Naficeh Seyyed Zadeh , Abadi Masoumeh Davod
Published: September 2019

Objectives:

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between pregnancy and nausea and vomiting with the general and mental health of pregnant women Referral to clinics in Arak in 2015.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted at one of the prenatal referral centers of the city of Arak in 2015. A questionnaire was completed for measuring the severity of nausea and vomiting for 310 eligible pregnant women eligible to enter the study. 240 out of 310 people had nausea and vomiting in pregnancy and 70 patients had no nausea and vomiting. Iranian version of SF-36 quality of life questionnaire was used to evaluate general and mental health indicators. The analysis was performed using SPSS version 18 software, descriptive statistics, percentage and mean, analytical T-test and analysis of variance.

Results:

The prevalence of nausea and vomiting was 77.5% among samples. The rate of mild nausea and vomiting index was moderate in 18.8% and it was observed to be severe in 59.2% and 22.1% of cases. All dimensions of the general health of pregnant women were significantly reduced (p <0.05) except for mental health, which was the same in all 2 groups.

Conclusion:

Considering that in this study, nausea and vomiting affected the general health and physical functioning of pregnant mothers, therefore it is suggested that health care providers have more emphasis on pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical techniques to reduce or improve these symptoms in a pregnant woman.
Cervical Cancer Related Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour Among Women in Makasar District Primary Health Care Centre in 2018
Authors: Winarto Hariyono , Mitzy B. Skolastika , Widodo Aji Budi , Kurniawan Aan , Phallaphi Yudi Reza
Published: September 2019

Introduction:

Cervical cancer is the 4th most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. Mortalities and morbidities are still increasing despite its preventability. The knowledge, attitude and behaviour of women in fighting cervical cancer are very important.

Objective:

This study aims to record knowledge, attitude, and behaviour of women in reproductive age regarding cervical cancer at Makasar District Primary Health Care Centre, East Jakarta in 2018

Material and Methods:

Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Knowledge, attitude, and behaviour of cervical cancer were obtained using an assisted interview and recorded. The receipt of services towards cervical cancer prevention is referred to be favourable and unfavourable

Results:

Of the total 105 samples, the mean age was 30 years and mostly graduated from Junior High School (66.7%). More than half (59%) participants had poor knowledge about cervical cancer, but 89% of the participants had favourable attitude in receipt of services towards cervical cancer prevention. Despite the poor knowledge, 21.9% of the participants had been screened before.

Conclusion:

The knowledge and behaviour towards cervical cancer among women in Makasar Primary Health Care Centre are still inadequate but have favourable attitude.
The Effect of Physical Exercise Program in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand
Authors: Intana Jiriya , Khamthana Phenchamat , Siramaneerat Issara , Chaowilai Chalit
Published: September 2019

Objective:

This study aimed at investigating the relationship between demographic and psychological characteristics with the status of physical activity of type 2 diabetic patients from Sub-District Health Promoting Hospital (SDHPH).

Methods:

Data were collected from 1,890 type 2 diabetic patients using self-registered questionnaires. The questionnaire included questions about demographic characteristics, and exercise, while medical records were examined for complications, treatments, and diabetes control indicators. Furthermore, descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and Fisher's exact test were performed. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:

According to the result of Chi-square tests and Fisher's exact test, it was observed that education level and occupation were significantly influenced by physical activity level at significance levels of 0.05.

Conclusion:

This study shows that socio-demographic factors play an important role in exercise behavior, and these should be taken into account accordingly while designing fitness intervention.
Nonlinear Optical Properties of Materials Based on Graphene Oxide: A Review
Authors: Ebrahimi Mojtaba , Zakery Abdolnasser
Published: September 2019

Background:

Nonlinear optical properties of Graphene and Graphene Oxide have been
widely used in industry and academia. Graphene oxide disperses easily in water and has easier interaction
with other materials because of the presence of oxygen groups. So, this feature of Graphene oxide
enables us to manipulate its nonlinear optical properties by combining it with other nanoparticles.

Objective:

We introduced recent advances in the nonlinear optical properties of materials based on
Graphene oxide.

Methods:

Nonlinear optical properties and optical limiting of Graphene oxide and/or its composites
with various nanoparticles, considering the wavelength and the incident pulse width, are investigated
in this review.

Conclusion:

At low intensities and in all pulse regimes, saturation absorption seems to be the dominant
mechanism of nonlinear absorption in Graphene oxide, while at higher intensities, the main
mechanism is the reverse saturation absorption. In the regime of very short pulses of picoseconds and
femtoseconds, the dominant mechanisms of two-photon and multiphoton absorption lead to reverse
saturation. In the nanosecond pulse regime, long laser pulses and short pulses with high pulse repetition
rates, excited-state absorption and nonlinear scattering due to thermal effects are causing the nonlinear
process.
Discovering Strong Communities in Social Networks Through Chromatic Correlation Clustering
Authors: Gothania Jaishri , Rathore Shashi K.
Published: September 2019

Background:

Complex systems involved in biochemistry, neuroscience, physics, engineering
and social science are primarily studied and modeled through network structures. The connectivity
patterns within these interaction networks are discovered through clustering-like techniques.
Community discovery is a related problem to find patterns in networks.

Objective:

Existing algorithms either try to find few large communities in networks; or try to partition
network into small strongly connected communities; that too is time consuming and parameterdependant.

Methods/Results:

This paper proposes a chromatic correlation clustering method to discover small
strong communities in an interaction network in heuristic manner to have low time complexity and a
parameter free method. Comparison with other methods over synthetic data is done.

Conclusion:

Interaction networks are very large, sparse containing few small dense communities
that can be discovered only through method specifically designed for the purpose.
Numerical Studies of Blood Flow in Left Coronary Model
Authors: Pandey Rupali , Kumar Manoj , Srivastav Vivek Kumar
Published: September 2019

Introduction:

Artery blockage is the most prevailing cause of Coronary Artery Disease
(CAD). The presence of blockage inside the artery breaks the continuity of blood supply to the other
part of the body and therefore causes for heart attack.

Objective:

Two different three-dimensional models namely; normal and 50% plaque are used for
the numerical studies. Five inlet velocities 0.10, 0.20, 0.50, 0.70 and 0.80 m/s are considered corresponding
to different blood flow conditions to study the effect of velocity on the human heart.

Methods:

Finite Volume Method (FVM) based Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique is
executed for the numerical simulation of blood flow. Hemodynamic factors are computed and compared
for the two geometrical models (Normal Vs. Blockage model).

Results:

Blood hemodynamic factor i.e. Area Average Wall Shear Stress (AAWSS) ranges from
4.1-33.6 Pa at the façade of the Left Anterior Descending (LAD) part of the Left Coronary Artery
(LCA) for the constricted artery.

Conclusion:

The predominantly low WSS index is analogous to the normal artery affirms the existence
of plaque. From the medical point of view, this can prove as an excellent factor for early diagnosis
of CAD. Therefore, a hindrance can be created in the increasing frequency of Myocardial Infarction
(MI). In future research we will adopt the unsteady flow with both rigid and elastic arterial
wall.
Fact-checking como possibilidade de media accountability sobre o discurso político?
Authors: Dourado Tatiana Maria
Published: September 2019

O artigo investiga a experiência de fiscalização do discurso político dos projetos de checagens Aos Fatos, Lupa e Truco. O estudo se debruça sobre os limites e os potenciais dos factchecking em desencadear a responsabilização de agentes públicos e suplementar a oferta de argumentos para cidadãos engajados no debate político. A análise mostrou que a ação de etiquetar não foi seguida à risca e a predominância de temas nacionais. Apesar de considerar que fiscalizar discursos errôneos tem o potencial de criar novas notícias e fatos políticos, funcionando como mais um controle externo, a busca por precisão e o confronto contínuo de políticos podem ter efeitos nocivos como amplificar processos de despolitização.
Lyapunov exponents of the Kuramoto--Sivashinsky PDE
Authors: Edson Russell A. , Bunder Judith E. , Mattner Trent W. , Roberts Anthony J.
Published: September 2019

The Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation is a prototypical chaotic nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) in which the size of the spatial domain plays the role of a bifurcation parameter. We investigate the changing dynamics of the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky PDE by calculating the Lyapunov spectra over a large range of domain sizes. Our comprehensive computation and analysis of the Lyapunov exponents and the associated Kaplan–Yorke dimension provides new insights into the chaotic dynamics of the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky PDE, and the transition to its one-dimensional turbulence.

doi:10.1017/S1446181119000105
Design of a Consumer Mobile Health App for Heart Failure: Findings From the Nurse-Led Co-Design of Care4myHeart
Authors: Woods Leanna , Duff Jed , Roehrer Erin , Walker Kim , Cummings Elizabeth
Published: September 2019

Background

Consumer health care technology shows potential to improve outcomes for community-dwelling persons with chronic conditions, yet health app quality varies considerably. In partnership with patients and family caregivers, hospital clinicians developed Care4myHeart, a mobile health (mHealth) app for heart failure (HF) self-management.

Objective

The aim of this paper was to report the outcomes of the nurse-led design process in the form of the features and functions of the developed app, Care4myHeart.

Methods

Seven patients, four family caregivers, and seven multidisciplinary hospital clinicians collaborated in a design thinking process of innovation. The co-design process, involving interviews, design workshops, and prototype feedback sessions, incorporated the lived experience of stakeholders and evidence-based literature in a design that would be relevant and developed with rigor.

Results

The home screen displays the priority HF self-management components with a reminder summary, general information on the condition, and a settings tab. The health management section allows patients to list health care team member’s contact details, schedule medical appointments, and store documents. The My Plan section contains nine important self-management components with a combination of information and advice pages, graphical representation of patient data, feedback, and more. The greatest strength of the co-design process to achieve the design outcomes was the involvement of local patients, family caregivers, and clinicians. Moreover, incorporating the literature, guidelines, and current practices into the design strengthened the relevance of the app to the health care context. However, the strength of context specificity is also a limitation to portability, and the final design is limited to the stakeholders involved in its development.

Conclusions

We recommend health app development teams strategically incorporate relevant stakeholders and literature to design mHealth solutions that are rigorously designed from a solid evidence base and are relevant to those who will use or recommend their use.
Understanding Implementation of a Digital Self-Monitoring Intervention for Relapse Prevention in Psychosis: Protocol for a Mixed Method Process Evaluation
Authors: Allan Stephanie , Mcleod Hamish , Bradstreet Simon , Beedie Sara , Moir Bethany , Gleeson John , Farhall John , Morton Emma , Gumley Andrew
Published: September 2019

Background

Relapse is common in people who experience psychosis and is associated with many negative consequences, both societal and personal. People who relapse often exhibit changes (early warning signs [EWS]) in the period before relapse. Successful identification of EWS offers an opportunity for relapse prevention. However, several known barriers impede the use of EWS monitoring approaches. Early signs Monitoring to Prevent relapse in psychosis and prOmote Well-being, Engagement, and Recovery (EMPOWER) is a complex digital intervention that uses a mobile app to enhance the detection and management of self-reported changes in well-being. This is currently being tested in a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial. As digital interventions have not been widely used in relapse prevention, little is known about their implementation. Process evaluation studies run in parallel to clinical trials can provide valuable data on intervention feasibility.

Objective

This study aims to transparently describe the protocol for the process evaluation element of the EMPOWER trial. We will focus on the development of a process evaluation framework sensitive to the worldview of service users, mental health staff, and carers; the aims of the process evaluation itself; the proposed studies to address these aims; and a plan for integration of results from separate process evaluation studies into one overall report.

Methods

The overall process evaluation will utilize mixed methods across 6 substudies. Among them, 4 will use qualitative methodologies, 1 will use a mixed methods approach, and 1 will use quantitative methodologies.

Results

The results of all studies will be triangulated into an overall analysis and interpretation of key implementation lessons. EMPOWER was funded in 2016, recruitment finished in January 2018. Data analysis is currently under way and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in December 2019.

Conclusions

The findings from this study will help identify implementation facilitators and barriers to EMPOWER. These insights will inform both upscaling decisions and optimization of a definitive trial.

Trial Registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN99559262; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN99559262

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/15634
The Psychometric Properties of the Chinese eHealth Literacy Scale (C-eHEALS) in a Chinese Rural Population: Cross-Sectional Validation Study
Authors: Ma Zhihao , Wu Mei
Published: September 2019

Background

The eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) is the most widely used instrument in health studies to measure individual’s electronic health literacy. Nonetheless, despite the rapid development of the online medical industry and increased rural-urban disparities in China, very few studies have examined the characteristics of the eHEALS among Chinese rural people by using modern psychometric methods. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of eHEALS in a Chinese rural population by using both the classical test theory and item response theory methods.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a simplified Chinese version of the eHEALS (C-eHEALS) and evaluate its psychometric properties in a rural population.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 543 rural internet users in West China. The internal reliability was assessed using the Cronbach alpha coefficient. A one-factor structure of the C-eHEALS was obtained via principal component analysis, and fit indices for this structure were calculated using confirmatory factory analysis. Subsequently, the item discrimination, difficulty, and test information were estimated via the graded response model. Additionally, the criterion validity was confirmed through hypothesis testing.

Results

The C-eHEALS has good reliability. Both principal component analysis and confirmatory factory analysis showed that the scale has a one-factor structure. The graded response model revealed that all items of the C-eHEALS have response options that allow for differentiation between latent trait levels and the capture of substantial information regarding participants’ ability.

Conclusions

The findings indicate the high reliability and validity of the C-eHEALS and thus recommend its use for measuring eHealth literacy among the Chinese rural population.
A Digital Companion, the Emma App, for Ecological Momentary Assessment and Prevention of Suicide: Quantitative Case Series Study (Preprint)
Authors: Morgiève Margot , Genty Catherine , Azé Jérôme , Dubois Jonathan , Leboyer Marion , Vaiva Guillaume , Berrouiguet Sofian , Courtet Philippe
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Many suicide risk factors have been identified, but traditional clinical methods do not allow for the accurate prediction of suicide behaviors. To face this challenge, emma, an app for ecological momentary assessment (EMA), ecological momentary intervention (EMI), and prediction of suicide risk in high-risk patients, was developed.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this case report study was to describe how subjects at high risk of suicide use the emma app in real-world conditions.

METHODS

The Ecological Mental Momentary Assessment (EMMA) study is an ongoing, longitudinal, interventional, multicenter trial in which patients at high risk for suicide are recruited to test emma, an app designed to be used as a self-help tool for suicidal crisis management. Participants undergo clinical assessment at months 0, 1, 3, and 6 after inclusion, mainly to assess and characterize the presence of mental disorders and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Patient recruitment is still ongoing. Some data from the first 14 participants who already completed the 6-month follow-up were selected for this case report study, which evaluated the following: (1) data collected by emma (ie, responses to EMAs), (2) metadata on emma use, (3) clinical data, and (4) qualitative assessment of the participants' experiences.

RESULTS

EMA completion rates were extremely heterogeneous with a sharp decrease over time. The completion rates of the weekly EMAs (25%-87%) were higher than those of the daily EMAs (0%-53%). Most patients (10/14, 71%) answered the EMA questionnaires spontaneously. Similarly, the use of the Safety Plan Modules was very heterogeneous (2-75 times). Specifically, 11 patients out of 14 (79%) used the Call Module (1-29 times), which was designed by our team to help them get in touch with health care professionals and/or relatives during a crisis. The diversity of patient profiles and use of the EMA and EMI modules proposed by emma were highlighted by three case reports.

CONCLUSIONS

These preliminary results indicate that patients have different clinical and digital profiles and needs that require a highly scalable, interactive, and customizable app. They also suggest that it is possible and acceptable to collect longitudinal, fine-grained, contextualized data (ie, EMA) and to offer personalized intervention (ie, EMI) in real time to people at high risk of suicide. To become a complementary tool for suicide prevention, emma should be integrated into existing emergency procedures.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03410381; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03410381
An Automated Mobile Mood Tracking Technology (Mood 24/7): Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kumar Anupama , Wang Michael , Riehm Alison , Yu Eileen , Smith Ted , Kaplin Adam
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Electronic tracking has been utilized for a variety of health conditions. Previous studies have shown that there is higher adherence to electronic methods vs paper-and-pencil tracking modalities. Electronic tracking also ensures that there are no back-filled entries, where patients have—to appear compliant—entered their responses retrospectively just before their visits with their health care provider. On the basis of the recognition of an unmet need for a Web-based automated platform to track psychiatric outcomes, Johns Hopkins University partnered with Health Central (a subsidiary of Remedy Health Media LLC) to develop Mood 24/7, an electronic, mobile, automated, SMS-based mood tracker. This is a pilot study to validate the use of Mood 24/7 in anticipation of clinical trials to demonstrate the therapeutic benefit on patients’ health outcomes of utilizing digital mood-tracking technology.

OBJECTIVE

Mood 24/7 is an electronic mood-monitoring platform developed to accurately and efficiently track mood over time through automated daily SMS texts or emails. This study was designed to assess the accuracy and validity of Mood 24/7 in an outpatient psychiatric setting.

METHODS

This pilot study involved a retrospective chart review for depressed outpatients (N=9) to compare their self-reported Mood 24/7 daily mood ratings with their psychiatrist’s independent clinical mood assessment at the time of the patient’s visit. Their mood ratings via Mood 24/7 were collected over 36 weeks. In addition, a mixed model analysis was applied to compare the weekly Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores with Mood 24/7 scores over an average of 3 months.

RESULTS

A 97.2% (315/324) digital mood reporting adherence was found over 36 weeks, and a significant correlation (r=0.86, P<.001) was observed between patients’ Mood 24/7 scores and their psychiatrist’s blinded clinical assessment of the patient’s mood when seen in the clinic. In addition, a significant concordance (intraclass correlation of 0.69, 95% CI 0.33-0.91, P<.001) was observed in the mixed model analysis of the clinician-administered MADRS vs Mood 24/7 scores over time.

CONCLUSIONS

Our chart review and mixed model analyses demonstrate that Mood 24/7 is a valid instrument for convenient, simple, noninvasive, and accurate longitudinal mood assessment in the outpatient clinical setting.