bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ОЦІНКА ПОТУЖНОСТІ КРИТЕРІЇВ ТРЕНДУ
Authors: Миргород Володимир Федорович , Гвоздева Ірина Маратівна
Published: August 2020

An approach to the selection and comparison of the criteria that are used in the analysis of time series of registration parameters of the technical camp of power and power plants based on gas turbine engines is proposed. The approach is based on established important characteristics of trending criteria, namely the power of such criteria, which are considered as criteria for distinguishing complex hypotheses. For analysis, we propose a statistical model for generating data in the form of a combination of deterministic trends and random components. A deterministic component is considered as a linear approximation of its expansion in a Taylor series. This assumption is justified by the need to show a trend in the shortest period of time at which the trend component allows a linear approximation. A random compound is taken as a sample of a general population of independent random variables that have a normal distribution. For analysis, the most common trend criteria were selected: Student's criterion for equality of means; Fisher dispersion ratio criterion; correlation criterion and its varieties. The supporting hypothesis has the form of belonging of a time series to a sample from the general set of independent random variables, and an alternative is belonging to a sample with a linear trend. Trend statistics of the relevant criteria generated on a moving or sectional disjoint analysis window of a given dimension. The trend development parameter was selected as the ratio of the trend growth during the analysis to the standard deviation of the random component. For the considered trend criteria, the obtained dependences of their power on the trend development parameter and the probability of an error of the first kind (erroneous alarm), as well as the operational characteristics of the criteria. The analysis was performed by the methods of analytical estimates and statistical modeling. It has been established that in the case of an alternative, the statistics of the correlation criterion and the Fisher criterion are quickly normalized, and student statistics do not change their type. A comparison of trending power criteria with equal values of the probability of an error of the first kind allows us to establish the advantage of the Student criterion, and the correlation criterion has the worst performance. Obtaining indicators of the power of trend criteria are important for applied applications since it allows you to establish the probability of the second kind of error (skipping a trend).
ДОСТИЖЕНИЕ ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА Ан-188 СРЕДИ ОПЕРАТИВНО–ТАКТИЧЕСКИХ ВОЕННО-ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ САМОЛЕТОВ
Authors: Лось Александр Васильевич , Шмырев Владимир Федорович , Рябков Виктор Иванович
Published: August 2020

In the "Antonov" Company, a unique medium-sized tactical military transport aircraft An-12 and An-70 have been created. Based on the Аn-12 basic version, several modifications have been developed, which operate in many countries around the world.To replace this aircraft has been created the An-70 with a higher capacity and hourly capacity, which on some key parameters outperforms the competition-analogs: American C-130J-30, West-European A400M, and Japanese C-2.However, the range with the maximum capacity is worse for Аn-77 compared to the A400M, but cruising speed and combat readiness – for C-2.For the most complete implementation of tactical tasks:– transportation of personnel, equipment, goods, and means of procurement;– delivery of military units, equipment, and cargo in the interests of peacekeeping or counter-terrorism operations;– transportation of troops, arms, military equipment and material resources of strategic direction;– delivery of units and formations of the airborne forces and ground forces in the areas of military purpose;– provision of the relocation of aviation units and formations, and provision of superiority at range with maximum load, at cruising speed and combat readiness the team of the “Antonov” Company created the An-188 – the medium-sized tactical aircraft with short takeoff and landing, which provides execution of a series of tasks, not available even for C-2.At the initial stage of designing this modification scientific principles the "Design techniques of modifications of the MTA taking into account the profound changes in the wing and the power plant" were used. The most important modification change in An-188 is the replacement of the D-27 turboprop engine for СFM LЕАР-1A turbofan engine, which increased the capacity and combat readiness of modification.Another important modification change was the use of discrete geometric twist of the wing local chord, bringing its shape in plan view to elliptical one and has brought a reduction in induced drag for a given lift force. This solution provided an increase in the range of up to 3200 km.Such profound modification changes in the power plant and the geometry of the wing have contributed to the complete superiority of the An-188 in the class of operational-tactical MTA.In combination with An-132D and An-178 modification, the An-188 can be considered as a unified system of support for the troops with military transport planes.
ТЕПЛОТРАНСПОРТНАЯ СПОСОБНОСТЬ ФИТИЛЯ ИЗ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ СЕТОК
Authors: Горбенко Геннадий Александрович , Турна Рустем Юсуфович , Орлов Роман Сергеевич , Роговой Евгений Эдуардович
Published: August 2020

In the manufacture of wicks for capillary transport of coolant in various heat transfer devices such as heat pipes, capillary pumped loop, accumulators with thermal regulation, evaporative heat exchangers, heat sinks, etc., capillary porous structures are used. Capillary and porous structures made of compressed powders (metal or non-metal) are widely used. However, the technology of making such porous structures is complicated and time-consuming. Important requirements for wicks are high capillary pressure, low-pressure drop, low weight, and manufacturability.  Capillary porous structure, which meets these requirements, can be a wick made of several layers of metal mesh, superimposed on each other, and connected by contact welding. The main advantages of such wicks are low weight and ease of fabrication. The article deals with the methods and results of determining the limit heat transfer capacity of a free wick (not in contact with solid walls) of metal meshes. The design of an experimental unit is given, which allows testing not only at positive but also at small negative angles of the wick to the horizon. Experiments on ammonia to determine the limit heat transport capacity of a flat free wick made of two-layer metal mesh 0.2×0.13 mm woven weave is conducted. By results of the spent experiments dependence of limiting the heat-transport ability of a wick from the temperature of saturation of the heat carrier and an angle of slope to the horizon is received. The performed experiments allow for a wick of the given design to calculate its maximum heat-transport capacity in earth conditions at any width, a transport length of a wick, and an angle of slope to the horizon. Formulas for calculating the thermal transport capacity of wicks made of metal mesh of different length and width under microgravity conditions and in the field of gravity of the earth at different orientations are recommended. The results of the experiments allow determining the thermal transport capacity of wicks from metal meshes and in microgravity conditions.
ВИБІР І ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ МЕТОДУ ГЕНЕРАЦІЇ СІТКИ ДЛЯ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ТЕЧІЇ У ВЕНТИЛЯТОРІ ГАЗОТУРБІННОГО ДВИГУНА
Authors: Хижняк Михаил Владимирович , Дорошенко Екатерина Викторовна , Усенко Вячеслав Юрьевич
Published: August 2020

The study of flow in aircraft gas turbine engines is one of the main components for the creation of new compressors and fans with improved aerodynamic, acoustic, strength, overall weight, and other characteristics. In modern scientific research, the methods of the physical experiment are used at the final stages of flow studies in blade machines. a numerical experiment is used in the early stages. An obvious advantage of the numerical experiment is the ability to study many variants of constructions under different input and boundary conditions in a short period. However, a numerical experiment requires a preliminary selection and justification of its parameters and components. One such important component is the type of calculation mesh. The literature review shows that it is impossible to make an unambiguous conclusion about the choice of the type of method for generating the finite element mesh and the turbulence model. This work aims to compare a hybrid and structured mesh for flow modeling in an axial fan of a bypass engine with a high bypass ratio. Two impellers of a bypass engine with a high bypass ratio are selected as the object of study. Flow simulation in fans was studied at a rotor speed of 2202 rpm in the range of values of the gas-dynamic flow function at the inlet q (λ) = 0.4 ... 0.65. Based on the literature review, the system of Navier-Stokes equations was closed by the SST turbulent model. To select and substantiate the method of finite-element grid generation, a structured and hybrid mesh for two fan variants were constructed. According to the results of the calculations, the dependence of the pressure ratio of fan π on the gas-dynamic flow function at the inlet q (λ) was constructed. According to the results of the study, it can be stated that the discrepancy of the calculations for the impellers in the axial fan of a bypass engine with a high bypass ratio with structured and hybrid meshes will be up to 2 %. When choosing the method of mesh generation, the time of calculation is also an important factor. Studies have shown that the calculation with a structured mesh took place in less time by 50 ... 70% than when using a hybrid mesh for one variant of the geometry.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ ГНУЧКОСТІ ПЕРА НА ОПТИМАЛЬНІ УМОВИ СПРЯЖЕННЯ ПОЛИЦЬ ПОПАРНО БАНДАЖОВАНИХ ЛОПАТОК ТУРБІН
Authors: Зіньковський Анатолій Павлович , Меркулов Вячеслав Михайлович , Токар Іван Гордійович , Деркач Олег Леонідович , Шакало Руслан Юрійович
Published: August 2020

In the article outcomes of probes by definition of influencing the flexibility of pen on optimum requirements of linking of shelves pairwise shrouded blades of turbines are considered. A design feature of such blades is that a composite shank, each half of which has a pen with a bezigless shroud platform, is freely inserted into the groove of disk. The application examples pairwise shrouded blades in turbines of a gas turbine engine (GTD), and also outcomes of the analysis of initial conditions of linking on shroud platforms of such blades are set up. It is shown that under the conditions of operation of the engine, there can be both an interference fit and a clearance on the shroud platform. A description is given of the developed methods for the experimental determination of the initial conditions for pairing the retaining shelves of pairwise shrouded blades and the study of their damping ability and vibration stress. Outcomes of the analysis of requirements of linking of bandage shelves of blading of impellors, experimental researches by definition of their influencing on vibrational stresses and a damping current capacity pairwise shrouded blades and their beam models as systems with a rigorous regular which one is characterized by the elastic-dissipative connection caused both bandages, and tool joints, taking into account flexibility of pen are introduced. It is displayed, that there is the best value of the argument of linking of bandage shelves at which one the maximum damping current capacity of twin blades and according to their minimum of vibrational stresses is reached. Thus, its meaning depends on the flexibility of the pen of a blade. By results of the conducted experimental researches of packages of pairwise shrouded blades of three turbine stages GTD AI-25 and turbine GTD D-36 first stage the relation of the best value of argument Δн, wholesale of linking of bandage shelves from the flexibility of pen which one allows to forecast its value for blades of other stages GTD is constructed. As blades of first stages of turbines GTD AI-322 and D-36 are characterized by flexibility neighbors it is possible to forecast with a high probability, that best values of the argument of linking of their shroud platforms will be one level.
МОДИФИЦИРОВАНИЕ МАГНИЕВОГО СПЛАВА МЛ5 НАНОПОРОШКОМ УГЛЕРОДА
Authors: Маковский Спартак Геннадьевич , Лукинов Владимир Васильевич , Клочихин Владимир Валерьевич , Шаломеев Вадим Анатольевич , Шейко Сергей Петрович
Published: August 2020

The development of contemporary aerospace engineering requires consistent improvement of operating characteristics, therefore, the use of advanced light materials becomes more and more urgent. As magnesium alloys are one of the lightest structural materials, their utilization in power plants allows for enhancement of performance characteristics, such as specific power and fuel efficiency. Especially topical is the improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of the magnesium alloys (Mg-Al-Zn system) by controlling their structural characteristics through inoculation. An efficient low-cost grain refinement technique for ML5 magnesium alloy with micro additions of commercially pure carbon nanopowder has been suggested. A comparative metallographic examination of the specimens material with incremental additions of the carbon nanopowder (0.001 %, 0.005 %, 0.01 % 0.05 %, 0.1 % wt.). It has been shown that an optimum addition of the nanopowder in the quantity of 0.005 % wt. contributes to the refinement of the macro- and microstructure and increases a full set of mechanical properties. The addition of the carbon nanosized grain refining agent has also contributed to the refinement of the eutectoid. [δ+γ] phase and the macro grain size have decreased approximately by a factor of 1.5. It has been found that the inoculation of the metal structure is effective within a narrow range of the inoculant concentration in the melt. In particular, the addition of the carbon nanopowder in the quantity of 0.1 % wt. and above led to the formation of internal flaws in the metal – microporosity and film inclusions. The additions of the carbon nanopowder in ML5 alloy have also contributed to the improvement of the ductility properties. In so doing, the addition of 0.005…0.01 % wt. provided for the maximum (approximately two times) increase of the ductility properties and to was some extent beneficial for the tensile strength of the alloy. Further increase of the inoculating agent concentration led to some deterioration of the mechanical properties of the alloy. Thus, the inoculation of the magnesium alloys of Mg-Al-Zn system with micro additions of the carbon nanoparticles is a promising method of improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of cast parts for critical aerospace applications.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ДВОФАЗНОГО ПОТОКУ ПРИ ХОЛОДНОМУ ГАЗОДИНАМІЧНОМУ НАПИЛЮВАННІ
Authors: Волков Андрій Олегович , Шорінов Олександр Володимирович , Долматов Анатолій Іванович , Маркович Сергій Євгенійович
Published: August 2020

The one-dimensional gas-dynamic model for calculation of acceleration and heating of particles which takes into account space from the nozzle outlet to the substrate has been improved. One cycle of particle acceleration by a gas flow can be divided into three parts: mixing a gas flow with powder; particle movement and acceleration in the divergent part of the nozzle; the movement of gas-powder flow from nozzle outlet to substrate. It is known that cold spray coating formation depends on the normal component of particle velocity towards the surface to be sprayed. Each material obtains its value of the critical velocity when the coating formation process starts. At particle velocities above critical, they adhere to the substrate and form coating due to plastic deformation of particles, and at velocities below critical value surface erosion or spraying with low efficiency is observed. One of the features of the process of cold gas-dynamic spraying is a relatively small distance between the nozzle outlet and the deposited surface, which leads to the occurrence of the reverse flow of the gas stream (bow shock) reflected from the substrate. The reflected flow significantly inhibits the trajectory of particles of sprayed powder which need to be investigated. Impact temperature and velocity of aluminum and nickel particles with size 25 microns with a substrate for SK-20 supersonic nozzle of DIMET-405 low-pressure cold spraying machine has been calculated. Although the one-dimensional isentropic gas-dynamic model, which is usually used to calculate flow parameters, describes flow only along the axis of the nozzle, excluding heat transfer with nozzle and friction loss on the inner walls, which leads to overestimated results of calculations, its utilization allows to optimize the geometry of the nozzle channel and develop a technological process of the spraying process. Mathematical modeling of two-phase flow dynamics of the cold spraying process was performed using the MATLAB software. Comparison of simulation results with experimental data to determine the flow velocity and temperature showed that the theoretical calculations differ from the experimental ones by no more than 10 %.
基于DSP控制的弧焊电源的设计
Authors: 王 国宾 , 王 亚琴
Published: August 2020

在弧焊电源控制系统中,为实现电源控制的数字化和智能化,DSP控制技术作为核心技术,对其进行设计是非常必要的。基于此,本文提出了基于DSP芯片TMS320F2812控制的数字化弧焊电源系统,并从系统的总体架构、硬件设计和软件设计方面,对其进行了介绍。同时,还对该系统进行试验,表明该系统的主控制电路其可以稳定整个弧焊电源。
现代学徒制下基于混合学习的项目教学模式研究—以中职“网络营销”课程为例
Authors: 何 妙佳
Published: August 2020

现代学徒制的教学模式在不断被探索,而混合学习是教育领域出现的一种新方式,它为教与学提供了新思路。本文通过分析中职电子商务现代学徒制的“网络营销”课程的现状和混合学习的项目教学模式的可行性,提出了“课前准备—课堂在线学习+面授答疑—课堂交流+制定项目策略—项目实战—成果展示+在线测试—课后评价+拓展训练”的六段式教学流程,以实现教学效果的提高。
试论学历继续教育内部教学质量监控体系的构建——以北京市石景山区业余大学为例
Authors: 朱 国庆
Published: August 2020

学历继续教育是终身教育框架内的重要组成部分,是培养社会急需应用型人才的重要途径,学校内部教学质量监拉体系的构建,是实现应用型人才培养目标的重要保证,是提高区域性成人高校整体应对激烈的市场竞争,谋求更多教育资源及生存空间基本前提。本文以石景山区业余大学为例,探讨学历继续教育在全面质量管理理念指导下,内部教学质量监控体系的建立以及基本工作程序的形成,探索更加科学合理的教学质量监控模式。
The Potential Study Of Segenter Waterfall As A Tourist Destination In The Tahura Nuraksa
Authors: Hadijah Putri  , Andi Chairil Ichsan  , Budhy Setiawan
Published: August 2020

Nuraksa Tahura is an area that has potential to develop as tourist destination with its natural waterfall Segenter. For its development, same effort were need for the waterfall. This study aims to determine the feasibility of Segenter waterfalls, its development strategies and future development solution. The research were conducted through data collection, observation, interviews, Focus Group Discusion. The data were analyzed using natural tourist attraction Guidelines of Director General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation 2003 and SWOT analysis. The results of the research showed that Segenter waterfall is feasible to be used as a tourist destination. The development is using the SO strategy those were utilizing its opportunities with the own potential by the Nuraksa Tahura region.
Papilomatose laringea juvenil recorrente: Relato de caso
Authors: Oliveira Ronan Djavier Alves , Espósito Mario Pinheiro , Passos Fabio Manoel dos , Plscheski Ana Carolina Galindo
Published: August 2020

A papilomatose de laringe é a neoplasia benigna que mais acomete a laringe, tanto em crianças quanto em adultos. É causada pelo papiloma vírus humano, frequentemente pelos tipos 6 e 11. A apresentação clínica é variável e a evolução imprevisível, devido ao alto grau de recorrência. Existem diversos estudos que associam esta doença com o carcinoma de células escamosas de laringe e de árvore traqueo-brônquica. O objetivo do tratamento é a manutenção da via aérea e da função vocal. Para tanto, a microcirurgia com laser e microdebridador tem demonstrado os melhores resultados, apesar de não impedir as recorrências. Assim, os pobres índices de cura cirúrgica e os altos índices de recidivas, têm estimulado o desenvolvimento de estudos com tratamentos adjuvantes. A papilomatose laríngea juvenil recorrente acomete crianças nos primeiros anos de vida, manifestando-se com quadro de rouquidão, dispneia progressiva, desconforto respiratório e estridor. O curso clínico é imprevisível, pode ter boa resposta ao tratamento cirúrgico, ter uma evolução crônica e progressiva, e na puberdade pode desaparecer de forma espontânea. A necessidade de intervenções cirúrgicas repetidas e o risco do comprometimento da via aérea muitas vezes levam à necessidade de terapia adjuvante. No relato de caso abordado encontramos vários dados em comum apresentado pela literatura, contudo a forma de transmissão mais prevalente nos estudos não se confirma no caso abordado.
Uso de testosterona e seus derivados por atletas
Authors: Borba Vinicius José de Andrade , Oliveira Rodolfo Lee Carvalho de , Lima Yuri Correia de , Júnior Roberto Belo Cardoso , Barros Danilo Pontes de Oliveira
Published: August 2020

Com a evolução das competições esportivas verificou-se maior busca por substâncias capazes de aprimorar o trabalho corporal e mental a fim de obter maior rendimento nas atividades físicas esportiva. Entre as substâncias usadas por atletas a de maior destaque é a testosterona, pois é o hormônio mais anabólico em relação à síntese de massa muscular. Contribuindo no desenvolvimento de fibras musculares do tipo IIA e IIB, sendo responsável pelo aumento da força, velocidade e aptidão física em geral. Neste sentido, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é relatar o uso de testosterona e seus derivados por atletas e os possíveis danos à saúde. O artigo dispõe de abordagem qualitativa fundamentada por revisão bibliográfica de caráter narrativo e com finalidade básica estratégica sobre o uso de testosterona e seus derivados por atletas. Foi utilizado base de dados do sítio eletrônico: Lilacs, BVS, Rep. Inst. UNESP, Portal de Revistas – Universidade Católica, IRCCS, SciELO, NLM, MEDLARS composta por 21 artigos e 4 livros. Diante dessa profissionalização esportiva verificou-se aumento do uso irracional da testosterona objetivando o destaque diante seus adversários, e com isso seus efeitos colaterais tornaram-se comuns e facilmente observados entre os atletas usuários. Fundamentando então a necessidade de melhor monitoramento dos atletas para uma prevenção primária, podendo diagnosticar, corrigir e punir os atletas usuários de esteroides anabolizantes.
O CONCEITO DE PRECARIEDADE E AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES TEÓRICAS DE JUDITH BUTLER PARA A COMPREENSÃO DA PRÁTICA POLÍTICA DA PSICOLOGIA
Authors: Leite Junior Francisco Francinete , Lopes de Almeida Amazonas Maria Cristina , Paz Siqueira Hermógenes Abraão
Published: August 2020

Buscando a compreensão do conceito de precariedade na construção teórica de Judith Butler, o presente estudo orienta-se conforme o questionamento sobre como este conceito e os fundamentos teóricos da autora contribuem para a compreensão da contemporaneidade. Abordando a noção de contemporaneidade e sua aplicabilidade nos quadros de guerra, discute-se as formulações teóricas de Butler e logo as relaciona com debates pertinentes à Psicologia. Para tal, trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, com natureza exploratória e caráter bibliográfico, especificando sua abordagem metodológica integrativa. A pesquisa de publicações foi realizada mediante uso das palavras-chaves “Judith Butler”; “Precariedade”; “Contemporaneidade” e “Psicologia”, dos quais foram considerados onze estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, estes correspondendo a estudos escritos na língua portuguesa e o ano de publicação dos artigos, sendo posto um recorte entre os anos de 2014 a 2019. Foi alcançado a análise sobre a construção teórica da autora, compreendendo o conceito de precariedade em sua obra. Apresenta-se que os resultados do então estudo apontam para a possibilidade de ser explorado as contribuições de autores que não necessariamente pertencem ao campo da Psicologia, mas que podem contribuir com o seu contínuo desenvolvimento enquanto campo teórico e prático. Pontua-se que abordar a precariedade não se trata de uma discussão a respeito de uma problemática especificamente relacionada à Psicologia ou que lhe seja totalmente alheia, mas que, semelhante a ela, faz parte do que podemos tomar enquanto contemporâneo.
TEMAS INTERDISCIPLINARES CONTEMPORÂNEOS
Authors: Magna Rodrigues Alexandra , Duarte Abdala Rachel
Published: August 2020

No segundo número deste ano da Revista Ciências Humanas, os artigos publicados reforçam o caráter interdisciplinar da revista que trata de temas de interesse acadêmico e social que ocupam a agenda contemporânea, inclusive sobre a pandemia provocada pela Covid 19. A pandemia alcançou todos os setores da vida social de um modo que para compreender suas consequências é necessário recorrer ao olhar interdisciplinar. Assim, ela emergiu como um dos temas interdisciplinares com maior destaque neste ano.
Pengobatan Tradisional Penyakit Diare Pada Anak Balita di Suku Bajo Kelurahan Bajoe Kecamatan Tanete Riattang Timur Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Tria Syahrani Andi Ratu , Asrina Andi , Yusriani
Published: August 2020

Diare merupakan suatu penyakit yang di anggap biasa oleh masyarakat, sehingga kadang diabaikan namun penyakit diare masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan utama penyebab kesakitan dan kematian terutama pada balita. Diare dapat mengakibatkan demam, sakit perut, penurunan nafsu makan, rasa lelah dan penurunan berat badan. Tujuan Penelitian Untuk mendapatkan informasi secara mendalam mengenai Pengobatan Tradisional Penyakit Diare Pada Anak Balita di Suku Bajo Kabupaten Bone. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi kualitatif yang bermaksud mengeksplorasi secara mendalam dengan pendekatan etnografi fokus utamanya pada budaya mengenai perilaku Pengobatan Tradisional Penyakit Diare Pada Anak Balita di Suku Bajo Kabupaten Bone Tahun 2020 melalui wawancara mendalam (indepth interview), observasi dan dokumentasi secara terus menerus selama penelitian berlangsung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di suku Bajo pada tanggal 4 Maret sampai dengan 13 Maret 2020. Jenis penelitian yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian quasi kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan etnografi. Informasi diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam. Sumber data yaitu orang-orang yang dimintai memberikan informasi , dan bersedia memberikan informasi yang disebut informan. Jumlah informan biasa sebanyak 3 orang, namun yang peneliti dalami 2 orang. Kesimpulannya pengobatan tradisional telah diyakini masyarakat suku Bajo dan menjadi budaya dalam mengatasi berbagai masalah kesehatan yang bahkan tidak dapat disembuhkan dengan pengobatan medis.
G. Alfredsson, T. Koivurova (eds. in chief), D. Leary, N. Loukacheva (spec. eds.), The Yearbook of Polar Law (Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2010)
Authors: Johnstone Rachael L.
Published: August 2020

The Yearbook of Polar Law was launched in 2009 with the second volume following in 2010 and a third anticipated in Fall 2011. The original volume was launched on the back of the Polar Law Symposium organised by the United Nations University-Institute of Advance Studies and held at the University of Akureyri in September 2008 corresponding with the launch of a new masters programme in Polar Law at that university.
Natalia Loukacheva (ed.), Polar Law Textbook (Copenhagen: Nordic Council of Ministers, 2010)
Authors: Johnstone Rachael L.
Published: August 2020

This edited collection of thought-provoking essays has its origins in the Polar Law Masters programme at the University of Akureyri, Iceland. The programme brought together scholars in Arctic and Antarctic affairs from around the World to share their pioneering research with one another (through the Annual Polar Law Symposium and the Yearbook of Polar Law) and with the next generation of scholars, practitioners and civil society actors.
A Few Words on Authority
Authors: Hauksson Hafsteinn Þór
Published: August 2020

In his book, The Concept of Law, HLA Hart described the element of authority involved in law as an obstacle in the path of any easy explanation of what law is. In this paper I argue that this is true for legal positivists and that they have not been able to remove that obstacle despite vigorous attempts.
Facing Indonesia’s Future Energy with Bacterio-Algal Fuel Cells
Authors: Subadri Intan , Satriyatama Adhi , Budi Ignatius D. M.
Published: August 2020

The energy crisis has become a global issue that has plagued almost all parts of the world. MFCs (Microbial Fuel Cells) is an alternative technology because of its ability to convert waste into electrical energy. The bacterio-algal fuel cell (BAFCs) is kind of an effort for increasing the economic value and carbon capture capability of MFCs. In this case, algae used as a catholyte and organic substrate containing anode-reducing exoelectrogenic bacteria acted as anolyte. This research will examine the potential of algae in BAFCs as an alternative energy for Indonesia's future. By photosynthesis reaction, bacterio-algal fuel cells are operated in a self-sustaining cycle. It can be configured in single, dual chambers, and triple chambers. The performance of bacterio-algal fuel cells is strongly influenced by the bacterial and algae species in each compartment. Factors involved in bacterial-algal fuel cells are also analyzed and assessed: electrode materials, membrane, carbon sources, and algae pretreatment, including the operational parameter, such as pH and temperature. Bacterio-algal fuel cells are recommended to be used to convert algae into electricity by scaling-up and integrating the devices. Organic substrate could be obtained from municipal wastewater. Algae as by-product could be harvested and converted into certain products. Algal Fuel Cell is the solution to produce electricity and reduce CO2 pollution at the same time. Also, an algal fuel cell is potential for sustainable use in the future. By integrating the algal fuel cell in the factory that produces high-concentrated wastewater, the fuel cell can purify the wastewater so that it is safe to be drained to the environment and also can make an integrated electricity production for the whole factory. Some ways to improve the power production are proposed to improve the power generation from BAFCs since this technology offers clean, affordable, sustainable energy, and in-line with SDGs.
The Role of Fixed-Dome and Floating Drum Biogas Digester for Energy Security in Indonesia
Authors: Budiman Ibnu
Published: August 2020

Since 2010, technological innovations for small-medium biogas digester in Indonesia were mainly dominated by two designs; 1. fixed-dome digesters as a strong technology and proven in other developing countries, 2. the floating drum digester made of fiberglass as a suitable design for Indonesia’s earthquake-prone geography. This study analyzes the effectiveness of these two-biogas technologies for energy security in the country, from the perspectives of stakeholders of biogas programs. The study draws on semi-structured interviews, reviews of policy and program reports and documentation, as well as academic literature. Data were collected from key institutions and other stakeholders related to biogas programs, e.g. ministries, local governments, businesses, civil society, and academics. These institutions provided their review on the effectiveness of fixeddome and floating drum biogas digester. This study found that the technological effectiveness and reliability of both biogas technological design are relatively the same. Both technological designs are found to have problems a few weeks after the installation in some regions. These issues were caused by a lack of enforcement to the standard of technological construction. In terms of contribution to energy security, both designs contribute to the sustainability, availability, and affordability aspects of the energy system in the country. The diversity of technological design supports the resilience of the energy system. As a way forward, more detailed monitoring and evaluation are required to check damaged biodigesters and maintain a good quality of construction of both designs, particularly in rural areas.
Can Energy Trading be a Solution for Indonesia’s Energy Mix Goal through Solar Energy?
Authors: Berian Zagy Y. , Kaulika Vincent O.
Published: August 2020

Climate change has gotten more and more serious worldwide. To secure the future for our next generation, we need to change the way we use and consume energy from a cleaner source. In Indonesia, this effort is shown through Presidential Regulation No. 22/2017, or general planning of national energy (RUEN) indicates that Indonesia’s government is targeting 23% of energy mix via solar power. However, today, through various industries and consumers level adoption, it is still hard to achieve. The consumer study by Institute for Essential Services Reform (IESR) found that the main issues for the adoption in Jabodetabek are due to lack of consumer incentive, lack of clear benefits of electricity reduction, and poor education about how to install solar power on the consumer level. Throughout this paper, the authors are going to propose a way for energy trading to solve such issues from a top-down perspective. It will start from how the current condition at the consumer level is, the potential scenario, stakeholder benefits analysis, potential location case study, to the commercialization through economic analysis. To achieve the goal of incentivizing customer yet still creating economic sense for the potential investors, which we use state-owned electricity company (PLN) as an example to provide alternatives to a larger scale power plant investment, we experiment on multiple profit sharing mechanisms and scenarios. By varying the profit-sharing factor, we get that 35%-65% profit sharing mechanism gives PLN an acceptable payback period and decent profit margin while can still incentivize the customer. From this study on, we can further study the customer buy-in (incentive level) elasticity in correlation with the variation of profit share that is still profitable for the investor or PLN before deciding on the policy.
Geothermal Salt Factory (GSF) Design in Parangwedang Geothermal, Bantul, Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Gilang Alfian , Jauhari Mohammad H. , Kristiati Maria T.
Published: August 2020

Indonesia has the largest geothermal energy potential in the world with potential value ±28 GWe, but the potential of geothermal low enthalpy is still not utilized properly. On the other hand, improvement in the salt industry needs to be done because the salt industry in Indonesia has not been able to meet domestic salt demand. Domestic salt supply deficit is caused by the salt industry in Indonesia just relies on salt traditional farmers who are very dependent on the sunlight and the absence of a modern and sustainable salt-making industry. Therefore, the authors made a salt factory design using low enthalpy geothermal by utilizing Parangwedang geothermal as a heat source energy. Parangwedang geothermal is located in the Special Region of Yogyakarta with existence manifestation as a hot spring. Based on previous research, the potential of Parangwedang geothermal was 10 MWe. The reservoir rock may have a temperature range 115 °C and the hot spring fluid temperature 43 °C. The hot spring distance from the seashore is 403 meters with elevation reach 8 meters. The method used in this study is literature study and data collection in the field. Literature data is obtained from various sources and then compiled and grouped for the design of the salt factory that utilizes low enthalpy geothermal energy. This factory system will involve two pumps, one of which will drain the hot water from the Parangwedang hot spring and the other will drain the water from the ocean to the salt production pan. A boiling tank and condenser are used to boil the sea. Hot water from the boiling tank is used for drying the salt brine and brine is dried in the salt pan. In the result, the authors calculated factory production capacity, the GSF production capacity is ±14 tons salt each year.
Treatment Modalities for Notalgia Paresthetica Including OMT
Authors: Danielle Cooley, DO  , Michael McAree, OMS  , Neal Joshi, OMS  , Wasif Peerzada, OMS
Published: August 2020

Background: Notalgia paresthetica (NP) is a type of neuropathy associated with pruritus, dysesthesias and sometimes pain. Most etiologies stem from trauma and entrapment of cutaneous branches of the upper thoracic nerves.

Objectives: We report a case of NP treated with osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMT) along with a review of previous treatment modalities performed per the literature.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search using PubMed was performed on NP and its treatment. Keywords used include notalgia paresthetica, treatment, osteopathic manipulation, neuropathy and pruritus.

Results: Our patient reported a 30% reduction in severity of pruritus after receiving OMT, with full intention of following up in office for additional treatment.

Conclusion: OMT monotherapy or combination treatments may prove to be efficacious with little to no added risk.
Mathematical Determination of the Cultural Interaction between Medieval Groups
Authors: ERBUDAK Mehmet
Published: August 2020

A mathematical classification of two-dimensional ornaments into 17 plane symmetry groups is presented, which were created by five medieval cultural groups of Middle East. The data are considered representative for the cultural groups. By applying a correlation algorithm on the individual use of symmetry classes by each cultural group, the strength of the interaction between the pairs of groups are quantitatively determined. The analysis shows that the strongest similarity in the creation of periodic ornaments is between Rum Seljuks and Arab Muslims. It is also found that the Rum Seljuks, followed by Armenians, are the most interactive cultures. This report is the first attempt to quantify cultural communication by mathematical means.
Similarity Among Physical Phenomena Recognized on the Basis of the Classification of Existing Knowledge
Authors: KANAVOURAS Antonios , COUTELİERİS Frank
Published: August 2020

This work presents the synthetical mathematical analysis of available knowledge regarding physical phenomena of research interest. The work is not focusing on providing the phenomena according to the physical laws but rather because of them, hence, it is grounded on the philosophically defined concept of "similarity", and progresses to the mathematical treatments of those factors and parameters that are involved into the similarity validation among physical phenomena.A critical validation regarding the effectiveness of such an approach was also performed, in order to conceptualize the relevance of the factors and parameters interactions as a potential control tool against engineering-based hypothesis. Such factors and parameters are generated through the description and delimitation of the system of interest. A "matrix" is used for the classification of the existing knowledge regarding this system. It is consisted of the categorical descriptors of the system in question and the levels of these descriptors.A mathematical analysis of this "matrix" supports that all the existent perceptions of a physical phenomenon constitute a four-dimensional vector space. Within this space, the concept of similarity allows for the definition on which of a specific non-linear mapping that might be applied to strictly classify the existing knowledge about the phenomenon in question.Similarity is used here to define the conditions and the constrains that this mapping must satisfy. In conclusion, the applicability of the suggested approach on an engineering approach regarding a physical problem, was also demonstrated in this study.
Comparing a Three-Term Perturbation Solution of the Nonlinear ODE of the Jacobi Elliptic SN Function to Its Approximation into Circular Functions
Authors: GHAZY Mohammed
Published: August 2020

In this paper, the nonlinear differential equation of the elliptic sn
function is solved analytically using the Lindstedt-Poincare perturbation
method. This differential equation has a cubic nonlinearity and a con-
stant known as the modulus of elliptic integral. This constant takes any
value from zero to one and the square of its value is used as a small
parameter to expand the dependent variable in series and start analyti-
cal iterations. Fortunately, there is an exact solution to this differential
equation known as the Jacobi sn elliptic function. When the modulus
approaches zero the elliptic differential equation becomes linear with the
circular sine function as exact solution. Thus, the sine function is con-
sidered as the unperturbed solution and is used as the basis to add more
correction terms through analytical iterations. The Lindstedt-Poincare
technique is used to render the perturbation solution uniformly valid at
larger values of the independent variable. A three-term perturbation so-
lution is obtained and shows good convergence and boundedness. This
solution is compared with the exact, numerically calculated, sn elliptic
function. It is also compared analytically with the approximate expan-
sion of the elliptic function into circular functions in case of a small
modulus. The relative percentage error between the perturbation solution
and the exact one is calculated at certain values of the modulus and for
all values of the independent variable. The relative error is reasonably
small but increases at larger values of the modulus. In addition, the ap-
proximation of the exact solution gives smaller relative error than that
of the perturbation solution including the same order of the modulus.
¿Hacia una nueva institucionalidad cultural? Aportes para un debate en crisis
Authors: Sola Pizarro Belén
Published: August 2020

Aportes para el debate sobre un nuevo paradigma museo, desde una perspectiva incrédula ante las promesas de una nueva institucionalidad aún por llegar.
Spreading the culture of Engagement: experiences and perspectives
Authors: Pitacco Giuliana , Daneu Darinka , Bucci Lorella , Kulla Annamaria , Bonetti Monica , Lenardoni Bianca , Fonda Raffaela , Vallon Maria Cristina , Ianderca Barbara
Published: August 2020

This article describes the fruitful collaboration between the Integrated Care Unit of the Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and the EngageMinds HUB research Center of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore in the area of patient Engagement. Since then, thanks to this partnership, many training activities have been carried out, allowing healthcare professionals belonging to ASUGI to get trained about patient Engagement measurement and promotion (with particular reference to the Patient Health Engagement Model developed by Graffigna et al., 2015) (the PHE-Model®) in various settings, territory continuity programmes, as well as in some local services. The assessment of the process carried out has allowed to identify and promote initiatives aimed at improving the implementation processes of the PHE-Model®.
A co-constructed implementation path of active involvement practices in a context of integrated care: the experience of a participatory research with the ASUGI of Trieste
Authors: Menichetti Julia , Graffigna Guendalina , Pitacco Giuliana , Daneu Darinka , Bucci Lorella , Baldo Marta
Published: August 2020

Introduction: In this article we can find the report of the main phases of the collaboration between ASUGI and the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore of Milan from 2015 to today.

Methods: During these years, a path of activation and implementation of engagement practices within ASUGI has been developed, from basic training on the tools for monitoring and supporting engagement to the selection of a group of operators involved in a participatory path as “trainers to trainers”, up to the grafting of engagement practices within the individual patient education paths in the different sectors of ASUGI.

Results and Conclusions: This contribution is an exemplifying scenario that can be useful for other health structures that want to undertake a similar path.
The engagement in the complex structure of thoracic surgery of Trieste in a “Fast Track” surgery path (ERAS): how to promote the continuity of care after the discharge
Authors: Cortale Maurizio , Grassi Michela , Stemberger Vanessa
Published: August 2020

Introduction: This article describes the use of the PHE-Scale® as an engagement measuring tool in the hospital practice.

Methods: The Thoracic Surgery Complex Structure in the Trieste hospital has been using the surgical “Fast Track” since 2009, and since January 2017 it uses the PHE-Scale® to measure the level of engagement of the assisted patient.

Results and Conclusions: The PHE-Scale®, administered in this context, helps the healthcare professional to understand how the state of illness is differently experienced from patient to patient in relation to the level of engagement, the psychological characteristics of the person, the caregivers around him/her and the information that the patient has received from the whole healthcare team.
Engagement in the local context: the active involvement of the person suffering from long-term pathologies
Authors: Lenardoni Bianca , Natale Ernesto
Published: August 2020

Introduction: In 2017 the nursing staff of Health Local District no. 2 of Trieste followed 67 patients in charge at both the home and the outpatient services for long-term pathologies starting from the hospitalization.

Case description: The Service administered the PHE-S® scale to these 67 patients, in the light of a strategical consideration of the importance of monitoring the levels of patients’ engagement and of personalizing dedicated initiatives to promote the active involvement of the patients, also thanks to the improvement of the clinical relationship. The level of engagement was measured at zero, one and four months after hospitalization. In the four months after discharge, the nursing staff applied specific strategies to promote engagement.

Conclusions: This study shows that engagement of patients with long-term illnesses is strategically important to improve care and quality of life.
Geração de resíduos sólidos e elaboração de um sistema de gerenciamento usando análise estatística
Authors: Coutinho Caroline , Duarte Allan , Carneiro Emanuel , Sampaio Nilo Antonio Souza , Silva José Wilson de Jesus , Mühlen Carin Von
Published: August 2020

Com o objetivo de desenvolver novas tecnologias que impactem diretamente na realidade ambiental do Brasil no âmbito do gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos e na educação socioambiental, o projeto Síntese é desenvolvido pelo Departamento de Engenharia Química e Ambiental e por alunos do curso de Engenharia Química da Faculdade de Tecnologia da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Para tal, utiliza-se como grupo focal a população do próprio campus regional de Resende, onde o projeto é desenvolvido. Com base nos tipos de resíduos gerados pelo campus, são propostas alternativas para o tratamento dos mesmos, desenvolvimento de tecnologias que possam ser aplicadas à realidade da sociedade brasileira e de medidas que estimulem a sociedade a fazer parte do processo de tratamento dos resíduos, gerando um impacto social e de responsabilidade ambiental. A etapa inicial do trabalho desenvolvido pelo projeto é o levantamento dos tipos de resíduos gerados pela população do campus para que sejam determinadas as áreas de atuação prioritárias para o desenvolvimento de soluções e vertentes tecnológicas. Após esta etapa, são determinadas divisões de desenvolvimento para cada grande grupo de resíduo do campus, posteriormente visando realidade industrial da região. Foi observado que a maior parte dos resíduos gerados eram de materiais recicláveis, seguido de materiais não recicláveis, assim como o observado em outras universidades, a maior divergência se deu na discrepância de material compostável recolhido.