bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Interplay of Content and Community in Synchronous and Asynchronous Communication: Virtual Communication in a Graduate Seminar
Authors: Schwier Richard A. , Balbar Shelly
Published: October 2016

A group of graduate students and an instructor at the University of Saskatchewan experimented with the use of synchronous communication (chat) and asynchronous communication (bulletin board) in a theory course in Educational Communications and Technology for an eight-month period. Synchronous communication contributed dramatically to the continuity and convenience of the class, and promoted a strong sense of community. At the same time, it was viewed as less effective than asynchronous communication for dealing with content and issues deeply, and it introduced a number of pedagogical and intellectual limitations. We concluded that synchronous and asynchronous strategies were suitable for different types of learning, and what we experienced was a balancing act between content and community in our group. A combination of synchronous and asynchronous experiences seems to be necessary to promote the kind of engagement and depth required in a graduate seminar.
Developing Deep Understanding and Literacy while Addressing a Gender-Based Literacy Gap
Authors: Sun Yanqing , Zhang Jianwei , Scardamalia Marlene
Published: October 2016

Online discourse from a class of 22 students (11 boys and 11 girls) was analysed to assess advances in conceptual understanding and literacy. The students worked over a two-year period (Grades 3-4), during which they contributed notes to an online Knowledge Building environment—Knowledge Forum®. Contributions revealed that both boys and girls produced a substantial amount of text and graphics, and that their written texts incorporated an increasing proportion of less-frequent, advanced words, including academic vocabulary and domain-specific words from grade levels higher than their own. Brief accounts of classroom discourse indicate how deep understanding and vocabulary growth mutually support each other in online and offline exchanges. The gender differences that were observed show boys doing slightly better than girls, suggesting that Knowledge Building has the potential to help boys overcome weaknesses in literacy.
Creating Learning Objects from Pre-Authored Course Materials:Semantic Structure of Learning Objects — Design and Technology
Authors: Petrinjak Anita , Graham Rodger
Published: October 2016

This paper describes work that was done at Athabasca University as part of the EduSource Canada project. This work centered around learning object development based on pre-authored educational content. The major outcomes of the work were the development of an explicit semantic structure with strong educational focus for learning objects, and the implementation of that structure, using platform/software-independent XML technology. An explicit semantic structure for educational content has some significant advantages: it enables faster publishing of material in different formats using automated processes; it allows institutions to participate in seamless content exchange with other institutions; and it enables more accurate discovery and reuse of learning objects within learning object repositories.
Using cloud-computing applications to support collaborative scientific inquiry: Examining pre-service teachers’ perceived barriers towards integration / Utilisation d'applications infonuagiques pour appuyer la recherche scientifique collaborative
Authors: Donna Joel , Miller Brant G
Published: October 2016

Technology plays a crucial role in facilitating collaboration within the scientific community. Cloud-computing applications can be used to model such collaboration and support inquiry within the secondary science classroom. Little is known about pre-service teachers’ beliefs related to the envisioned use of this technology in their teaching. These beliefs may influence future integration. This study finds several first-order barriers, such as perceptions that these tools would take too much time to use. Second-order barriers include perceptions that this technology would not promote face-to-face collaboration skills, would create social loafing situations, and beliefs that the technology does not help students understand the nature of science. Suggestions for mitigating these barriers within pre-service education technology courses are discussed. La technologie joue un rôle essentiel pour faciliter la collaboration au sein de la communauté scientifique. Les applications infonuagiques telles que Google Drive peuvent être utilisées pour donner forme à ce type de collaboration et pour appuyer le questionnement dans les cours de sciences du secondaire. On connaît pourtant peu les opinions que se font les futurs enseignants d’une telle utilisation des technologies collaboratives infonuagiques. Or, ces opinions pourraient influencer l’intégration future de ces technologies en salle de classe. Cette étude révèle plusieurs obstacles de premier plan, comme l’idée que l’utilisation de ces outils informatiques prend trop de temps. Parmi les obstacles de second plan, on note les perceptions selon lesquelles cette technologie ne promeut pas les compétences collaboratives de personne à personne, pose des problèmes de gestion de classe et n'aide pas les étudiants à comprendre la nature de la science. Des suggestions sont proposées pour atténuer ces obstacles dans les cours de technologie des programmes d’éducation.
Utilizing peer interactions to promote learning through a web-based peer assessment system
Authors: Li Lan , Steckelberg Allen L. , Srinivasan Sribhagyam
Published: October 2016

Peer assessment is an instructional strategy in which students evaluate each other’s performance for the purpose of improving learning. Despite its accepted use in higher education, researchers and educators have reported concerns such as students’ time on task, the impact of peer pressure on the accuracy of marking, and students’ lack of ability to make critical judgments about peers’ work. This study explored student perceptions of a web-based peer assessment system. Findings conclude that web-based peer assessment can be effective in minimizing peer pressure, reducing management workload, stimulating student interactions, and enhancing student understanding of marking criteria and critical assessment skills. Résumé : L’évaluation par les pairs est une stratégie pédagogique au cours de laquelle l’étudiant évalue la performance de l’autre dans un but d’amélioration de l’apprentissage. Malgré son usage répondu aux études supérieures, les chercheurs et les enseignants ont mentionné certaines préoccupations, notamment en ce qui a trait au temps que les étudiants consacrent à cette tâche, à l’impact de la pression des pairs sur la justesse de l’évaluation, ainsi qu’à l’inaptitude des étudiants à poser un jugement critique sur le travail de leurs pairs. La présente étude explore les perceptions des étudiants à l’égard d’un système d’évaluation en ligne par les pairs. Nos résultats nous permettent de conclure que l’évaluation en ligne par les pairs peut constituer un moyen efficace de réduire la pression des pairs, de diminuer le travail de gestion, de stimuler les interactions entre étudiants et d’améliorer la compréhension des critères d’évaluation par les étudiants ainsi que leurs compétences d’évaluation critique.
School cultures, teachers, and technology transformation
Authors: Kitchenham Andrew D.
Published: October 2016

This article outlines a recent study on school culture and technology adoption. Adapting Hargreaves’ (2003) model of school cultures, research findings are presented on three schools involved in a study on teacher transformation using educational technology to explain how each school represents a separate school culture and school regime. Each school is profiled to demonstrate, through direct quotes from the participants, how a specific school culture or regime can reflect varying degrees of transformation, and subsequent technology adoption. Résumé : Cet article présente une étude récente portant sur la culture scolaire et l’adoption de la technologie. En utilisant une adaptation du modèle des cultures scolaires de Hargreaves (2003), les résultats de recherche de trois écoles qui ont participé à une étude sur la transformation des enseignants utilisant la technologie éducative sont présentés afin d’expliquer comment chaque école représente une culture d’école et un régime scolaire distincts. Chaque école est profilée dans le but de démontrer, au moyen de citations directes des participants, la façon dont une culture d’école ou un régime scolaire donné peut se traduire par divers niveaux de transformation et, conséquemment, d’adoption des technologies.
Collective Digital Storytelling: An Activity-theoretical Analysis of Second Language Learning and Teaching | Les histoires numériques collectives : une analyse systémique de l’activité d’apprentissage-enseignement d’une langue seconde
Authors: Kalyaniwala-Thapliyal Carmenne
Published: October 2016

This paper describes the collective activity of a group of four students who created a digital story as a teaching resource that was to be used for teaching English as a foreign language. It uncovers and analyzes the actual processes underlining the activity as it unfolds from one stage to another. Four processes, viz., sociocognitive interactions, methodological processes, reflective processes and techno-semiopragmatic interactions were identified during the unfolding of the collective activity. Moreover, the results of this study highlight the role of the community in determining the activity of a lower level language group. Cet article décrit l’activité collective d’un groupe restreint de quatre étudiants qui a créé une histoire numérique en tant que ressource pédagogique pour l’enseignement de l’anglais langue étrangère. Il analyse et révèle des processus de l’activité lorsqu’elle se déplie d’une phase à une autre. Quatre processus, à savoir les interactions sociocognitives, les processus méthodologiques, les processus réflexifs et les interactions techno-sémiopragmatiques ont été identifiés. Les résultats de cette étude soulignent également le rôle de la communauté pour déterminer l’activité d’un groupe restreint ayant un niveau linguistique inférieur par rapport aux autres groupes.
Introducing laptops to children: An examination of ubiquitous computing in Grade 3 reading, language, and mathematics
Authors: Bernard Robert M. , Bethel Edward Clement , Abrami Philip C. , Wade C. Anne
Published: October 2016

This study examines the achievement outcomes accompanying the implementation of a Grade 3 laptop or so-called ubiquitous computing program in a Quebec school district. CAT-3 reading, language, and mathematics batteries were administered at the end of Grade 2 and again at the end of Grade 3, after the first year of computer implementation. Overall gain was found in all three content areas, but was differential when compared with the norms of the CAT-3. Additionally, some evidence suggested a differential gain for lower and middle-level learners during the school year. Teachers were administered an instrument called the Technology Implementation Questionnaire (TIQ) that assessed the purposes and extent of technology integration. Negative correlations were found in reading achievement gain for items associated with the higher use of communicative, evaluative, and creative uses of computers. Open-ended teacher responses indicated the need for more professional support for instructional implementations of computing. Résumé: Cette étude examine les performances accompagnant l’implantation d’un programme d’ordinateurs portables en 3 ième année du primaire, aussi appelé programme d’ubiquité computationnelle, dans une école d’un district scolaire du Québec. Des batteries de tests, CAT-3 en lecture, en langue et en mathématiques ont été administrées à la fin de la deuxième année du primaire et une autre fois à la fin de la troisième année du primaire, après un an d’implantation des ordinateurs. Un gain fut observé dans les trois matières, mais était différencié lorsque comparé aux normes du CAT-3. De plus, un gain différencié fut mis en évidence pour les apprenants de niveau inférieur et moyen durant l’année scolaire. Les enseignants ont rempli le Technology Implementation Questionnaire (TIQ) qui mesure le but et l’étendue de l’intégration technologique. Des corrélations négatives ont été trouvées en gains au niveau de la lecture pour les items associés à l’utilisation de haut niveau des ordinateurs, en communication, en évaluation et en création.
Mobile Knowledge, Karma Points and Digital Peers: The Tacit Epistemology and Linguistic Representation of MOOCs / Savoir mobile, points de karma et pairs numériques : l’épistémologie tacite et la représentation linguistique des MOOC
Authors: Portmess Lisa Rafferty
Published: October 2016

Media representations of massive open online courses (MOOCs) such as those offered by Coursera, edX and Udacity reflect tension and ambiguity in their bold promise of democratized education and global knowledge sharing. An approach to MOOCs that emphasizes the tacit epistemology of such representations suggests a richer account of the ambiguities of MOOCs, the unsettled linguistic and visual representations that reflect the strange lifeworld of global online courses and the pressing need for promising innovation that seeks to serve the restless global desire for knowledge. This perspective piece critically appraises the linguistic laboratory of thought such representation reveals and its destabilized rhetoric of technology and educational practice. The mobile knowledge of MOOCs, detached from context and educational purpose and indifferent to cultural boundary distortions, contains both the promise of democratized education and the shadow of post-colonial knowledge export. Les représentations médiatiques des cours en ligne ouverts et massifs (MOOC en anglais) comme ceux offerts par Coursera, edX et Udacity reflètent une tension et une ambiguïté occasionnées par leur audacieuse promesse de démocratisation de l’éducation et de partage global du savoir. Étudier les MOOC en accentuant l'épistémologie tacite de ces représentations mène à une explication plus riche des ambiguïtés inhérentes aux MOOC, de l’incertitude des représentations linguistiques et visuelles reflétant l’étrange monde vécu des cours en ligne à l’échelle globale et le besoin pressant d'innovation prometteuse visant à répondre au désir insatiable de connaissance à travers le monde. Le présent essai évalue de manière critique le laboratoire linguistique d’idées révélées par une telle représentation ainsi que son discours instable sur la technologie et sur les pratiques pédagogiques. Libéré de tout contexte et d’objectif pédagogique et indifférent aux distorsions des barrières culturelles, le savoir mobile des MOOC contient à la fois la promesse d'une éducation démocratisée et le spectre d’un savoir postcolonial.
Addressing diverse learner preferences and intelligences with emerging technologies: Matching models to online opportunities
Authors: Zhang Ke , Bonk Curtis J.
Published: October 2016

This paper critically reviews various learning preferences and human intelligence theories and models with a particular focus on the implications for online learning. It highlights a few key models, Gardner’s multiple intelligences, Fleming and Mills’ VARK model, Honey and Mumford’s Learning Styles, and Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model, and attempts to link them to trends and opportunities in online learning with emerging technologies. By intersecting such models with online technologies, it offers instructors and instructional designers across educational sectors and situations new ways to think about addressing diverse learner needs, backgrounds, and expectations. Learning technologies are important for effective teaching, as are theories and models and theories of learning. We argue that more immense power can be derived from connections between the theories, models and learning technologies. Résumé : Cet article passe en revue de manière critique les divers modèles et théories sur les préférences d’apprentissage et l’intelligence humaine, avec un accent particulier sur les implications qui en découlent pour l’apprentissage en ligne. L’article présente quelques-uns des principaux modèles (les intelligences multiples de Gardner, le modèle VAK de Fleming et Mills, les styles d’apprentissage de Honey et Mumford et le modèle d’apprentissage expérientiel de Kolb) et tente de les relier à des tendances et occasions d’apprentissage en ligne qui utilisent les nouvelles technologies. En croisant ces modèles avec les technologies Web, les instructeurs et concepteurs pédagogiques dans les secteurs de l’éducation ou en situation éducationnelle se voient offrir de nouvelles façons de tenir compte des divers besoins, horizons et attentes des apprenants. Les technologies d’apprentissage sont importantes pour un enseignement efficace, tout comme les théories et les modèles d’apprentissage. Nous sommes d’avis qu’en établissant des liens entre les théories, les modèles et les technologies d’apprentissage, il est possible d’obtenir un résultat plus puissant. This article has been translated to Armenian. Click here for the translation.
A Convergent Participation Model for Evaluation of Learning Objects
Authors: Nesbit John , Belfer Karen , Vargo John
Published: October 2016

The properties that distinguish learning objects from other forms of educational software - global accessibility, metadata standards, finer granularity and reusability - have implications for evaluation. This article proposes a convergent participation model for learning object evaluation in which representatives from stakeholder groups (e.g., students, instructors, subject matter experts, instructional designers, and media developers) converge toward more similar descriptions and ratings through a two-stage process supported by online collaboration tools. The article reviews evaluation models that have been applied to educational software and media, considers models for gathering and meta-evaluating individual user reviews that have recently emerged on the Web, and describes the peer review model adopted for the MERLOT repository. The convergent participation model is assessed in relation to other models and with respect to its support for eight goals of learning object evaluation: (1) aid for searching and selecting, (2) guidance for use, (3) formative evaluation, (4) influence on design practices, (5) professional development and student learning, (6) community building, (7) social recognition, and (8) economic exchange.
Cognitive and Social Factors Affecting the Use of Wikipedia and Information Seeking / Les facteurs cognitifs et sociaux déterminant l'utilisation de Wikipedia et la recherche d'information
Authors: Chung Siyoung
Published: October 2016

Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia, is the preferred choice among resources used by college students to meet their research needs. However, Wikipedia has been criticized for its low information quality, lack of accountability, inconsistency, and vulnerability to vandalism. Despite the warnings and concerns voiced by academia, online learning tools such as Wikipedia will continue their rise as major learning resource in today's classroom. Using a sample of 184 college students, the study proposed theoretical models to test the effects of internal beliefs, motivations, and social influences on Wikipedia use and information-seeking, and further empirically tested those models. The findings of this study suggested that Wikipedia use is driven by internal belief and peer pressure, whereas information-seeking is influenced by belief, motivation, and subjective norms. The implications of the findings for the research and practice are discussed. Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie gratuite en ligne, est le choix préféré des étudiants ayant besoin de faire une recherche. Cependant, Wikipédia a été critiqué pour la faible qualité de ses informations, son manque d’imputabilité, son incohérence et sa vulnérabilité au vandalisme. En dépit des mises en garde et des inquiétudes exprimées par le milieu universitaire, l’importance en salle de classe des outils d'apprentissage en ligne tels que Wikipédia continuera de croître. Sur la base d’un échantillon de 184 étudiants de niveau collégial, l'étude a proposé des modèles théoriques pour tester les effets des croyances personnelles, des motivations et des influences sociales sur l'utilisation de Wikipédia et sur la recherche d'information. Ces modèles ont ensuite été testés empiriquement. Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que l'utilisation de Wikipédia est motivée par les croyances personnelles et la pression exercée par les camarades, alors que la recherche d'information est influencée par les croyances, la motivation et des normes subjectives. L’article se termine par une discussion des implications de ces résultats pour la recherche et la pratique.
Shifting Views: Exploring the Potential for Technology Integration in Early Childhood Education Programs / Changement d’opinion: Exploration du potentiel d’intégration de la technologie dans les programmes d’éducation de la petite enfance
Authors: Dietze Beverlie , Kashin Diane
Published: October 2016

Using technology with children in play-based early learning programs creates questions for some within the Early Childhood Education (ECE) community. This paper presents how two faculty who teach in ECE-related degree programs integrated educational technology into their teaching pedagogy as a way to model to their students how it can be used to support children’s play and learning opportunities. The authors identify how collegial dialogue helped them to use various technologies and social media in their teaching, which transformed their curriculum and pedagogical philosophy. The paper argues that if technology creates connections between learning in the college or university classroom and is effective practice, it is worthy of further exploration. L’utilisation de la technologie avec des enfants dans des programmes préscolaires d’apprentissage basé sur le jeu suscite des questions pour plusieurs au sein de la communauté de l’Éducation de la petite enfance (EPE). Cet article présente la façon dont deux professeurs enseignant dans des programmes d’études liés à l’EPE ont intégré la technologie éducative dans leur pédagogie d’enseignement comme un moyen de démontrer à leurs étudiants comment elle peut être utilisée pour soutenir le jeu des enfants et les possibilités d’apprentissage. Les auteurs montrent comment un dialogue collégial les a aidés à utiliser diverses technologies et médias sociaux dans leur enseignement, ce qui a eu pour effet de transformer leur programme et leur philosophie pédagogiques. L’article fait valoir que si la technologie crée des liens entre l’apprentissage en milieu postsecondaire et une pratique efficace, elle est par conséquent digne d’une exploration plus poussée.
Le Net participatif, levier d’acquisition des littératies traditionnelles et des littératies numériques | The Use of the Participative Web as a Lever for the Acquisition of Literacy and Digital Literacies
Authors: Castello Edna
Published: October 2016

Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche de terrain, réalisée en mars 2014, au cours de laquelle des étudiants en 4e et 5e année d’alphabétisation des Cours Municipaux d’Adultes de la Ville de Paris ont publié, sous conduite pédagogique, des messages sur des forums de discussion et des commentaires d’articles d’un journal en ligne. L’objectif de nos recherches est de trouver les modalités d’une exploitation efficace des fonctionnalités du Net participatif afin que ce média puisse répondre aux besoins des apprenants, notamment en termes de littératie et de littératie numérique.In this paper, we will review the results of a field experiment carried out in March 2014 at the Cours Municipaux d’Adultes de la Ville de Paris (adult training provider of the City of Paris) with students in literacy years 4 and 5. The students were asked to post messages on discussion forums and in the commentary section of an online newspaper under pedagogical supervision. The aim of our study was to find the best strategies for the effective use of the participative web functionalities in order to answer the needs of learners, in terms of literacy and digital literacies.
Design-based Research and its Application to a Call Centre Innovation in Distance Education
Authors: Anderson Terry
Published: October 2016

Design-based research is proposed as a strategy to address the need for innovation in educational contexts. The article argues the case for increased and more effective research and development in education, and then presents a discussion of design-based research as a methodological set of tools to address this need. The four phases of design-based research (Bannan-Ritland, 2003) are explicated and an example, in which design-based methods are used to develop and assess a call centre innovation at Athabasca University, is presented.
Towards a Knowledge Building Community: From Guided to Self-Organized Inquiry
Authors: Cacciamani Stefano
Published: October 2016

Over four academic years a design experiment was conducted involving four online university courses with the goal of shifting from Guided to Self-Organized Inquiry to foster Knowledge Building communities in the classroom. Quantitative analyses focused on notes contributed to collective knowledge spaces, as well as reading and building-on notes of others. All team members, including teachers, contributed at high levels. Students tended to produce more notes in the guided-inquiry approach but read more and demonstrated more even distribution of work as part of self-organized inquiry. Qualitative data focused on strategies students reported as new to their school experience. Strategies fell into three categories common to both guided and self-organizing inquiry: elaborating course content for depth of understanding, collaboration in an online environment, and metacognition, with greater reflection on idea development. Distinctive aspects of self-organized inquiry, according to student reports, included going beyond given information, linking new understandings and personal experiences, attention to the collective works of the community, and learning from instructor’s strategies.
Graduate Students' Experiences of Challenges in Online Asynchronous Discussions
Authors: Murphy Elizabeth , Coleman Elizabeth
Published: October 2016

This paper presents one of five categories of findings of a qualitative study of students' experiences of challenges encountered in a web-based graduate program. The findings relate to the category of experiences with online asynchronous discussions. Data collection relied on a discussion, questionnaire and interview all conducted within WebCTTM. The category's findings were grouped into four sub-categories of challenges as follows: student behaviour; text-only, online communication; purpose and quality of the discussion; and forum features. Challenges related to students' behaviour included domination of the discussion by individual students or groups of students resulting in feelings of exclusion, frustration and inadequacy. Text-only communication caused difficulties related to misinterpretation and conveying and deriving intent. Challenges related to the purpose and value of the discussion resulted from low quality and high quantities of postings to meet grade requirements. Technical features that presented challenges included the inability to delete messages.
Exploring Individual Differences in Attitudes toward Audience Response Systems
Authors: Kay Robin , Knaack Liesel
Published: October 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine individual differences in attitudes toward Audience Response Systems (ARSs) in secondary school classrooms. Specifically, the impact of gender, grade, subject area, computer comfort level, participation level, and type of use were examined in 659 students. Males had significantly more positive attitudes toward ARSs than female students. Students who were more comfortable with computers had significantly more positive attitudes than students who were less comfortable. Students who did not actively participate in class before ARSs were used were more positive about this tool than students who regularly participated. Finally, students were significantly more positive about ARSs when they were used for formative (not for grades) as opposed to summative (for grades) assessment. There were no significant differences observed for grade level or subject area taught. Résumé La présente étude visait à étudier les variations personnelles dans la disposition des élèves du secondaire envers l’utilisation de systèmes de réponse, ou télévoteurs, en classe. Plus précisément, l’étude a examiné l’impact du sexe, de l’année d’études, de la matière, de l’aisance en informatique, du niveau de participation et du type d’utilisation sur 659 élèves. La disposition des garçons envers les télévoteurs était significativement meilleure que celle des filles. De plus, les élèves les plus à l’aise avec les ordinateurs avaient une réponse significativement plus positive que les élèves moins à l’aise. Les élèves qui ne participaient pas activement en classe avant l’utilisation de télévoteurs avaient quant à eux une attitude plus positive envers cet outil que les élèves qui participaient déjà régulièrement. Enfin, les élèves démontraient une attitude plus favorable envers les télévoteurs lorsque ceux-ci étaient utilisés aux fins d’évaluations formatives (non notées), par opposition aux fins d’évaluations sommatives (notées). Il n’y avait pas de différences significatives observées en fonction de l’année d’études ou de la matière enseignée.
CanCore: Metadata for Learning Objects
Authors: Friesen Norm , Roberts Anthony , Fisher Sue
Published: October 2016

The vision of reusable digital learning resources or objects, made accessible through coordinated repository architectures and metadata technologies, has gained considerable attention within distance education and training communities. However, the pivotal role of metadata in this vision raises important and longstanding issues about classification, description and meaning. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of this vision, focusing specifically on issues of semantics. It will describe the CanCore Learning Object Metadata Application Profile as an important first step in addressing these issues in the context of the discovery, reuse and management of learning resources or objects.
Jouer pour apprendre : est-ce bien sérieux ? Réflexions théoriques sur les relations entre jeu (vidéo) et apprentissage
Authors: Berry Vincent
Published: October 2016

Cet article propose une réflexion théorique sur les relations entre jeu (vidéo) et éducation. A partir d’une revue de la littérature et sur la base d’une recherche consacrée à l’étude des joueurs de « jeux de rôles en ligne massivement multijoueurs », ce texte met en avant la complexité dans les sciences de l’éducation à penser le jeu comme espace d’apprentissage et propose quelques éléments théoriques pour aborder cette problématique.
Exploring Instructional Design Factors Prompting Reflective Thinking in Young Adolescents
Authors: Song Hae-Deok , Koszalka Tiffany A. , Grabowski Barbara
Published: October 2016

Reflective thinking is important to young adolescents as they develop their thinking skills. Various instructional methods have been recommended to support reflective thinking, yet the nature of the underlying factors in these methods is unclear. Exploratory factor analysis was used to determine the factors prompting reflective thinking. Results of this study suggest that young students perceived three clusters of methods as supporting their reflection: reflective learning environments, reflective teaching methods, and reflective scaffolding tools. A one-way within subjects ANOVA showed that the most helpful factor was the reflective learning environment, with the most helpful elements being freedom and collaboration. Students’ perceptions of concept mapping and reflective question prompts were found to differ significantly across gender. Recommendations are provided for designing learning environments that prompt reflective thinking.
Cyberbullying in schools: An examination of preservice teachers’ perception
Authors: Li Qing
Published: October 2016

Please note: This article contains some text used by the author in other publications. This study examines preservice teachers’ perceptions about cyberbullying. Specifically, the following questions guide the research: (i) To what extent are preservice teachers concerned about cyberbullying? (ii) How confident are preservice teachers in managing cyberbullying problems? (iii) To what extent do preservice teachers feel prepared to deal with cyberbullying? (iv) To what extent do preservice teachers think that school commitment is important? Survey data were collected from 154 preservice teachers enrolled in a two-year post-degree program in a Canadian university. The results show that although a majority of the preservice teachers understand the significant effects of cyberbullying on children and are concerned about cyberbullying, most of them do not think it is a problem in our schools. In addition, a vast majority of our preservice teacher have little confidence in handling cyberbullying, even though the level of concern is high. Résumé : La présente étude examine la perception des futurs enseignants à l’égard de la cyberintimidation. Plus précisément, les questions suivantes ont orienté la recherche : (i) Dans quelle mesure les futurs enseignants sont-ils préoccupés par la cyberintimidation ? (ii) À quel point les futurs enseignants sont-ils confiants dans leur capacité de gérer des problèmes de cyberintimidation ? (iii) Dans quelle mesure les futurs enseignants se sentent-ils prêts à faire face à la cyberintimidation ? (iv) Dans quelle mesure les futurs enseignants pensent-ils que l’engagement de l’école est important ? Les données de l’enquête ont été recueillies auprès de 154 enseignants non encore à l’emploi inscrits dans un programme de deux ans aux cycles supérieurs dans une université canadienne. Les résultats montrent que bien que la majorité des futurs enseignants comprennent les effets significatifs de la cyberintimidation sur les enfants et soient préoccupés par ce phénomène, la plupart d’entre eux ne pensent pas que la cyberintimidation constitue un problème dans nos écoles. En outre, une grande majorité de nos futurs enseignants s’avèrent peu confiants dans leur capacité de gérer la cyberintimidation, même si leur niveau de préoccupation est élevé.
Apprendre ensemble en classe via des jeux vidéo populaires : le modèle du LAN pédagogique
Authors: Ducrocq-Henry Samuelle
Published: October 2016

La thèse intitulée « Les tribus ludiques» expose le modèle du LAN pédagogique (LP) découlant d’une étude des compétitions de jeu vidéo en réseau local (LAN parties). Incarnant un rite de passage quasi tribal chez les 12-25 ans, les LAN semblent favoriser socialisation et apprentissage. Un LP permet aux enseignants d’initier des expériences réseautiques similaires et formatrices en classe, tenues simultanément dans les mondes réels et virtuels, en détournant le scénario de jeux vidéo multijoueurs populaires, pour en faire des simulateurs propices à l’enseignement de disciplines diverses. Sa procédure simple et abordable révèle le potentiel du Serious Gaming en éducation.
La Contextualisation Des Banques de Ressources: Barrières et Clés
Authors: Dufresne Aude , Senteni Alain , Richard Griff
Published: October 2016

When developing learning resource banks for telearning, it is important to recognize known barriers to the re-use of learning objects and some possible solutions. First, in order that the resources be reused, they must have been created in a modular fashion, separating the resources from their intended context, storing separately the documents and their use in scenarios, or in the case of executable code in autonomous segments. Next, in order to promote the gradual exploration, understanding, evaluation and choice of learning objects, it is important to link the resources not only with metadata, but also explicit documentation on the theoretical and practical aspects of their use, as well as any relevant evaluation material. Finally, if we really want these resource banks to hold this rich ancillary information, we need to build tools that support this contextualization and the activities of all the actors in the telelearning environment from conception, through development and use.
The Development of Media Literacy among Grade Five Teachers and Students - A Case Study
Authors: McCabe Rachel , Emery Winston
Published: October 2016

This is the first of two articles about a study of the implementation of a media literacy curriculum project in three inner city school Grade 5's in Montreal. The authors describe what the teachers and students learned about two key Media Literacy concepts: the media construct reality and audiences negotiate the meanings of media texts. The teaching featured the use of Internet and computer technology. Their findings suggest that it is possible to teach elementary students to read media critically and raises some issues that merit further investigation: the ideology of positivism that permeates the use of technology in education; the training of media education teachers; and the factors that characterize effective media education pedagogy.
Knowledge Building in an Aboriginal Context
Authors: McAuley Alexander
Published: October 2016

Abstract The report on the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (1996), the Kelowna Accord announced in 2005 (five-billion dollars) followed by its demise in 2006, and the settlement in 2006 for Aboriginal survivors of residential schools (1.9 billion dollars), are but some of the recent high-profile indicators of the challenges to Canada in dealing with the 500-year history of European contact with North America’s original inhabitants. While not without its challenges, the creation of Nunavut in 1999 stands apart from this history as a landmark for Inuit self-determination in Canada and a beacon of hope for other Aboriginal peoples. Building on the idea that educational change takes place within the intersecting socio-cultural contexts of the school and the larger world around it, and drawing on data from an eight-year series of design experiments in classrooms in the Baffin (now Qikiqtani) region of Nunavut, this paper explores the potential of knowledge building and knowledge-building technologies to support powerful bilingual (Inuktitut/English) and bicultural learning experiences for Aboriginal students. Résumé : Le rapport de la Commission royale sur les peuples autochtones (1996), l’Accord de Kelowna annoncé en 2005 (cinq milliards de dollars), suivi de son annulation en 2006, de même que le règlement de 2006 visant à indemniser les victimes de sévices infligés dans les pensionnats indiens (1,9 milliard de dollars), ne sont que quelques-uns des événements marquants récents qui témoignent des défis que le Canada doit relever en ce qui a trait à son histoire de 500 ans de contact entre les Européens et les Premières nations d’Amérique du Nord. Bien qu’elle ait comporté sa part de défis, la création du Nunavut en 1999 se démarque dans le cours de l’histoire en tant que point de repère pour l’autodétermination des Inuits au Canada et représente une lueur d’espoir pour les autres nations autochtones. S’appuyant sur l’idée que le changement en éducation se produit à l’intersection des contextes socioculturels de l’école et du monde qui l’entoure ainsi que sur des données provenant d’une série d’expériences de conception réalisées sur une période de huit ans dans les classes de la région de Baffin (maintenant Qikiqtani) au Nunavut, le présent article explore le potentiel de coélaboration des connaissances de même que les technologies de coélaboration de connaissances qui peuvent venir appuyer les fortes expériences d’apprentissage bilingues (inuktitut/anglais) et biculturelles des élèves autochtones.
Understanding the nature of science and scientific progress: A theory-building approach
Authors: Chuy Maria , Scardamalia Marlene , Bereiter Carl , Prinsen Fleur , Resendes Monica , Messina Richard , Hunsburger Winifred , Teplovs Chris , Chow Angela
Published: October 2016

In 1993 Carey and Smith conjectured that the most promising way to boost students’ understanding of the nature of science is a “theory-building approach to teaching about inquiry.” The research reported here tested this conjecture by comparing results from two Grade 4 classrooms that differed in their emphasis on and technological support for creating and improving theories. One class followed a Knowledge Building approach and used Knowledge Forum®, which together emphasize theory improvement and sustained creative work with ideas. The other class followed an inquiry approach mediated through collaborative project-based activities. Apart from this, the two classes were demographically similar and both fell within the broad category of constructivist, inquiry-based approaches and employed a range of modes and media for investigative research and reports. An augmented version of Carey and Smith’s Nature of Science Interview showed that the Knowledge Building approach resulted in deeper understanding of the nature of theoretical progress, the connections between theories and facts, and the role of ideas in scientific inquiry.
Planning for Integrating Teaching Technologies
Authors: Aaron Mandie , Dicks Dennis , Ives Cindy , Montgomery Brenda
Published: October 2016

Teaching technologies offer pedagogical advantages which vary with specific contexts. Successfully integrating them hinges on clearly identifying pedagogical goals, then planning for the many decisions that technological change demands. In examining different ways of organizing this process, we have applied planning tools from other domains - Fault Tree Analysis and Capability Maturity Modeling- at the school and college levels. In another approach, we have examined attempts to broadly model the integration process at the university level. Our studies demonstrate that the use of a variety of tools and techniques can render the integration of teaching technologies more systematic.
The Effects of Peer-Controlled or Moderated Online Collaboration on Group Problem Solving and Related Attitudes
Authors: Zhang Ke , Peck Kyle
Published: October 2016

Abstract. This study investigated the relative benefits of peer-controlled and moderated online collaboration during group problem solving. Thirty-five self-selected groups of four or five students were randomly assigned to the two conditions, which used the same online collaborative tool to solve twelve problem scenarios in an undergraduate statistics course. A score for the correctness of the solutions and a reasoning score were analyzed. A survey was administered to reveal differences in students' related attitudes. Three conclusions were reached: 1. Groups assigned to moderated forums displayed significantly higher reasoning scores than those in the peer-controlled condition, but the moderation did not affect correctness of solutions. 2. Students in the moderated forums reported being more likely to choose to use an optional online forum for future collaborations. 3. Students who reported having no difficulty during collaboration reported being more likely to choose to use an optional online forum in the future.
A Review of What Instructional Designers Do: Questions Answered and Questions Not Asked
Authors: Kenny Richard , Zhang Zuochen , Schwier Richard , Campbell Katy
Published: October 2016

The purpose of this literature review was to determine what evidence there is that instructional designers apply ID Models, as well as to establish what other activities and processes they might use in their professional activities. Only ten articles were located that directly pertained to this topic: seven reporting on empirical research and three case descriptions recounting development experiences. All ten papers pertained to process-based ID models. Results showed that, while instructional designers apparently do make use of process-based ID models, they do not spend the majority of their time working with them nor do they follow them in a rigid fashion. They also engage in a wide variety of other tasks that are not reflected in ID models.
Pratiques, objets et finalités de collaboration en lien avec l’intégration des tablettes numériques dans une école secondaire | Practices, Objects and Collaboration Purposes Related to the Integration of Digital Tablets in a High School
Authors: Cody Nadia , Coulombe Sandra , Giroux Patrick , Gauthier Diane , Gaudreault Suzie
Published: October 2016

Bien que les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) occupent une place de plus en plus prépondérante, tant au sein de la société que de l’école (Anderson, 2010), on remarque que leur intégration en contexte scolaire représente encore un défi de taille (Underwood et Dillon, 2011). Selon certains auteurs (Portelance, 2011; Desgagné, 1997), la collaboration constituerait un vecteur pour transformer les pratiques éducatives. Comment la collaboration peut-elle contribuer à ce changement que représente l’intégration des TIC? Les résultats d’une recherche-action, menée depuis trois ans de concert avec une école secondaire ayant pour objectif d’intégrer la tablette numérique, permet de mettre en lumière des pratiques, des objets et des finalités de collaboration qui ont émergé entre les différents acteurs, favorisant ainsi l’implantation de cet outil technologique. Although Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) play an increasingly predominant role (Anderson, 2010), their integration in school context is still a challenge (Underwood and Dillon, 2011). According to Portelance (2011) and Desgagné (1997), collaboration is one vector that can be used to transform educational practices. How can collaboration contribute to the ICT integration process into our schools? The results of an action research, conducted for three years along with a high school that aims to integrate digital tablet, allows to highlighting practices, objects and collaboration purposes that emerged between actors, therefore facilitating the implementation of this technological tool.