bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Signatures of r-process Enrichment in Supernovae from Collapsars
Authors: Barnes Jennifer , Metzger Brian D.
Published: November 2022

Despite recent progress, the astrophysical channels responsible for rapid neutron capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis remain an unsettled question. Observations of the kilonova following the gravitational-wave-detected neutron star merger GW170817 established mergers as one site of the r-process, but additional sources may be needed to fully explain r-process enrichment in the universe. One intriguing possibility is that rapidly rotating massive stars undergoing core collapse launch r-process-rich outflows off the accretion disks formed from their infalling matter. In this scenario, r-process winds are one component of the supernova (SN) ejecta produced by “collapsar” explosions. We present the first systematic study of the effects of r-process enrichment on the emission from collapsar-generated SNe. We semianalytically model r-process SN emission from explosion out to late times and determine its distinguishing features. The ease with which r-process SNe can be identified depends on how effectively wind material mixes into the initially r-process-free outer layers of the ejecta. In many cases, enrichment produces a near-infrared (NIR) excess that can be detected within ∼75 days of explosion. We also discuss optimal targets and observing strategies for testing the r-process collapsar theory, and find that frequent monitoring of optical and NIR emission from high-velocity SNe in the first few months after explosion offers a reasonable chance of success while respecting finite observing resources. Such early identification of r-process collapsar candidates also lays the foundation for nebular-phase spectroscopic follow-up in the NIR and mid-infrared, for example, with the James Webb Space Telescope.
JWST Imaging of Earendel, the Extremely Magnified Star at Redshift z = 6.2
Authors: Welch Brian , Coe Dan , Zackrisson Erik , Mink S. E. de , Ravindranath Swara , Anderson Jay , Brammer Gabriel , Bradley Larry , Yoon Jinmi , Kelly Patrick , Diego Jose M. , Windhorst Rogier , Zitrin Adi , Dimauro Paola , Jiménez-Teja Yolanda , Abdurro’uf  , Nonino Mario , Acebron Ana , Andrade-Santos Felipe , Avila Roberto J. , Bayliss Matthew B. , Benítez Alex , Broadhurst Tom , Bhatawdekar Rachana , Bradač Maruša , Caminha Gabriel B. , Chen Wenlei , Eldridge Jan , Farag Ebraheem , Florian Michael , Frye Brenda , Fujimoto Seiji , Gomez Sebastian , Henry Alaina , Hsiao Tiger Y.-Y , Hutchison Taylor A. , James Bethan L. , Joyce Meridith , Jung Intae , Khullar Gourav , Larson Rebecca L. , Mahler Guillaume , Mandelker Nir , McCandliss Stephan , Morishita Takahiro , Newshore Rosa , Norman Colin , O’Connor Kyle , Oesch Pascal A. , Oguri Masamune , Ouchi Masami , Postman Marc , Rigby Jane R. , Ryan Jr Russell E. , Sharma Soniya , Sharon Keren , Strait Victoria , Strolger Louis-Gregory , Timmes F. X. , Toft Sune , Trenti Michele , Vanzella Eros , Vikaeus Anton
Published: November 2022

The gravitationally lensed star WHL 0137–LS, nicknamed Earendel, was identified with a photometric redshift z
phot = 6.2 ± 0.1 based on images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope. Here we present James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Near Infrared Camera images of Earendel in eight filters spanning 0.8–5.0 μm. In these higher-resolution images, Earendel remains a single unresolved point source on the lensing critical curve, increasing the lower limit on the lensing magnification to μ > 4000 and restricting the source plane radius further to r < 0.02 pc, or ∼4000 au. These new observations strengthen the conclusion that Earendel is best explained by an individual star or multiple star system and support the previous photometric redshift estimate. Fitting grids of stellar spectra to our photometry yields a stellar temperature of T
eff ≃ 13,000–16,000 K, assuming the light is dominated by a single star. The delensed bolometric luminosity in this case ranges from

log
(
L
)
=
5.8

to 6.6 L
⊙, which is in the range where one expects luminous blue variable stars. Follow-up observations, including JWST NIRSpec scheduled for late 2022, are needed to further unravel the nature of this object, which presents a unique opportunity to study massive stars in the first billion years of the universe.
Le nouvel ordre linguistique à l’assaut du travail social
Authors: Bertrand Didier
Published: November 2022

L’hypothèse d’un nouvel ordre linguistique dans le travail social est à l’origine de cet article qui s’intéresse à des mots synonymes de modernité. Ainsi est-il question d’investissement, une notion psychanalytique que Freud avait emprunté à l’économie, aujourd’hui de retour dans le champ de l’économie et de la gestion. Il est aussi question d’impact et d’un langage aux accents anglo-saxons qui dépolitise la question sociale en usant d’une rhétorique, à la fois écologique et managériale.
La jeunesse n’est-elle réellement qu’un mot ?
Authors: Dargère Christophe , Collin Jonathan
Published: November 2022

Les auteurs explorent les expressions ayant cours dans des dispositifs d’accompagnement socio-éducatif. Ils mettent en évidence que le mot « jeune » peut être une catégorie « fourre-tout » ou être associée à d’autres éléments qui conduisent au stigmate. Ces processus amènent à simplifier la situation des individus aux vulnérabilités multiples et à réduire l’accompagnement social au stigmate identifié. La réaction sociale découle alors des catégories employées et n’est pas sans conséquence sur les représentations sociales véhiculées à l’égard de ces jeunes. En conclusion, les auteurs proposent d’interroger l’éthique du langage employé pour penser l’action différemment.
Pour une insurrection poétique
Authors: Lebrun Léo
Published: November 2022

En s’attachant à des choses de l’ordinaire et en puisant dans le travail de Célestin Freinet, ce texte traduit un cheminement poétique et personnel où l’ironie, les mots et le conflit ont un rôle à jouer. Texte de lutte et de recherche, « Pour une insurrection poétique » est un appel autant qu’un questionnement. Qui finalement voulons-nous être ? Que voulons-nous incarner ? Autant de questionnements autour et à l’intérieur de la langue de bois qui nous interrogent sur notre rapport au monde, au travail, au langage et à l’écriture.
Analyse comparative de l’encadrement du commerce électronique : cas de six États africains
Authors: Mpabe Bodjongo Mathieu Juliot , Abenelang Salomon Mickson
Published: November 2022

L’objectif de la présente étude est d’évaluer les dispositifs de lutte contre la cybercriminalité et la protection des données personnelles dans le continent africain. Ce diagnostic est mené dans six États, notamment l’Afrique du Sud, le Cameroun, l’Égypte, le Kenya, le Nigeria et le Rwanda. En effet, dans la plupart des pays sus-évoqués, les mécanismes mis en œuvre pour mener la lutte dans les deux principaux domaines que nous avons mentionnés sont certes quasiment effectifs, mais demeurent encore à plusieurs égards perfectibles. Sans doute la valeur heuristique de notre analyse est-elle indéniable. En effet, elle nous permet d’évaluer dans le cadre des transactions commerciales le degré d’intégration de ces pays africains dans l’univers du numérique. Il ressort de cette réflexion que l’ossature textuelle, consacrée au commerce électronique des six pays en question, suscite parfois de nombreux questionnements. Codes JEL  : L81, L88, N77
Financing constraints change of China's green industries
Authors: Liu Xiaoqian , Wang Chang'an , Zhang Xingmin , Gao Lei , Zhu Jianing
Published: November 2022

Adequate funding is a crucial factor for the sustainable development of green industries. However, most green firms have suffered from financing constraints due to the negative externalities and information asymmetry of green finance. This study analyzes the driving factors of financing constraints index (FCI) of green industries from 2010 to 2019 using shift-share analysis. At the regional level, this study decomposes the change in FCI into three factors: national FCI change effect (NC), regional FCI change effect (RC), and regional FCI structure effect (RS). At the industry level, the study decomposes the change in FCI of green sub-industries into three factors: total industries FCI change effect (TIC), green industries FCI structure effect (GIS), and green sub-industries FCI structure effect (GSIS). The results show that the financing constraints on Chinese listed companies are getting stronger with each passing year. In particular, the financing constraints on green industries start to become larger than those of non-green industries after 2015. The decomposition results show that NC for each province is positive and relatively similar from 2010 to 2019. Nearly half of the provinces have positive RC values and there are more provinces with positive RS effects than those with negative RS effects. Most provinces are dominated by NC and RS effects. From the three green sub-industries, we observe that the TIC of all three sub-industries is positive, and GIS is positive in most years, while GSIS presents different characteristics. This study provides policy implications for alleviating financing constraints in green industries.
Modified subgradient extragradient algorithms for systems of generalized equilibria with constraints
Authors: Ceng Lu-Chuan , Zhu Li-Jun , Yin Tzu-Chien
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we introduce the modified Mann-like subgradient-like extragradient implicit rules with linear-search process for finding a common solution of a system of generalized equilibrium problems, a pseudomonotone variational inequality problem and a fixed-point problem of an asymptotically nonexpansive mapping in a real Hilbert space. The proposed algorithms are based on the subgradient extragradient rule with linear-search process, Mann implicit iteration approach, and hybrid deepest-descent technique. Under mild restrictions, we demonstrate the strong convergence of the proposed algorithms to a common solution of the investigated problems, which is a unique solution of a certain hierarchical variational inequality defined on their common solution set.
A Negishi Approach to Recursive Contracts
Authors: Bloise Gaetano , Siconolfi Paolo
Published: November 2022

In this paper, we argue that a large class of recursive contracts can be studied by means of the conventional Negishi method. A planner is responsible for prescribing current actions along with a distribution of future utility values to all agents, so as to maximize their weighted sum of utilities. Under convexity, the method yields the exact efficient frontier. Otherwise, the implementation requires contracts be contingent on publicly observable random signals uncorrelated to fundamentals. We also provide operational first‐order conditions for the characterization of efficient contracts. Finally, we compare extensively our approach with the dual method established in the literature.
Productivity Dispersion, Between‐Firm Competition, and the Labor Share
Authors: Gouin-Bonenfant Émilien
Published: November 2022

I study the effect of labor market imperfections on the labor share in a tractable model that emphasizes the interaction between productivity dispersion and firm competition for workers. I calibrate the model using administrative data covering the universe of firms in Canada from 2000 to 2015. As in the data, most firms have a high labor share, yet the aggregate labor share is low due to the disproportionate effect of a small fraction of large, highly productive firms. I find that a rise in the dispersion of firm productivity causes the aggregate labor share to decline in favor of firm profits. The mechanism is that productivity dispersion effectively shields high‐productivity firms from wage competition. Regression evidence from cross‐country and cross‐industry data supports both the model prediction and mechanism.
Multinationals, Monopsony, and Local Development: Evidence From the United Fruit Company
Authors: Méndez Esteban , Van Patten Diana
Published: November 2022

This paper studies the role of private sector companies in the development of local amenities. We use evidence from one of the largest multinationals of the 20th century: the United Fruit Company (UFCo). The firm was given a large land concession in Costa Rica—one of the so‐called “Banana Republics”—from 1899 to 1984. Using administrative census data with census‐block geo‐references from 1973 to 2011, we implement a geographic regression discontinuity design that exploits a land assignment that is orthogonal to our outcomes of interest. We find that the firm had a positive and persistent effect on living standards. Company documents explain that a key concern at the time was to attract and maintain a sizable workforce, which induced the firm to invest heavily in local amenities—like the development of education and health infrastructure—that can account for our result. Consistent with this mechanism, we show, empirically and through a proposed model, that the firm's investment efforts increase with worker mobility.
Market Competition and Political Influence: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Callander Steven , Foarta Dana , Sugaya Takuo
Published: November 2022

The operation of markets and of politics are in practice deeply intertwined. Political decisions set the rules of the game for market competition and, conversely, market competitors participate in and influence political decisions. We develop an integrated model to capture the circularity between the two domains. We show that a positive feedback loop emerges such that market power begets political power, and political power begets market power, but that this feedback loop is bounded. With too much market power, the balance between politics and markets itself becomes lopsided and this drives a wedge between the interests of a policymaker and the dominant firm. Although such a wedge would seem pro‐competitive, we show how it can exacerbate the static and dynamic inefficiency of market outcomes. More generally, our model demonstrates that intuitions about market competition can be upended when competition is intermediated by a strategic policymaker.
Enhanced BiLSTM Model for EEG Emotional Data Analysis
Authors: J. Shanthalakshmi Revathy , N. Uma Maheswari , S. Sasikala
Published: November 2022

Emotion recognition based on biological signals from the brain necessitates sophisticated signal processing and feature extraction techniques. The major purpose of this research is to use the enhanced BiLSTM (E-BiLSTM) approach to improve the effectiveness of emotion identification utilizing brain signals. The approach detects brain activity that has distinct characteristics that vary from person to person. This experiment uses an emotional EEG dataset that is publicly available on Kaggle. The data was collected using an EEG headband with four sensors (AF7, AF8, TP9, TP10), and three possible states were identified, including neutral, positive, and negative, based on cognitive behavioral studies. A big dataset is generated using statistical brainwave extraction of alpha, beta, theta, delta, and gamma, which is then scaled down to smaller datasets using the PCA feature selection technique. Overall accuracy was around 98.12%, which is higher than the present state of the art.
An Analysis on Multimodal Framework for Silent Speech Recognition
Authors: Narayanaswamy Ramkumar , D. Karthika Renuka , S. Geetha , R Vidhyapriya , L. Ashok Kumar
Published: November 2022

A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a computer-based system that collects, analyses, and converts brain signals into commands that are sent to an output device to perform a desired action. BCI is used as an assistive and adaptive technology to track the brain activity. A silent speech interface (SSI) is a system that enables speech communication when an acoustic signal is unavailable. An SSI creates a digital representation of speech by collecting sensor data from the human articulatory, their neural pathways, or the brain. The data from a single stage is very minimal in order to capture for further processing. Therefore, multiple modalities could be used; a more complete representation of the speech production model could be developed. The goal is to detect speech tokens from speech imagery and create a language model. The proposal consists of multiple modalities by taking inputs from various biosignal sensors. The main objective of the proposal is to develop a BCI-based end-to-end continuous speech recognition system.
Biofuels From Bio-Waste and Biomass
Authors: Krishna Kondapalli Vamsi , Bhavana Sompalli , Koujalagi Koushik , Malaviya Alok
Published: November 2022

The planet's limited natural fossil fuel reserves are anticipated to be very soon owing to massive usage. Biofuels would be a critical alternative source that may reduce global warming and CO2 emissions. The food-versus-fuel dilemma is, however, one of the key drawbacks of first-generation biofuels like corn ethanol, sugarcane ethanol, etc. Cellulose and hemicellulose, the primary constituents of lignocellulosic feedstocks, could be reduced to sugars by either thermochemical/biological processes before being fermented to generate biofuels. However, owing to structural heterogeneity, more complicated operational techniques are required before the production technology can be commercialized, and several challenges must be addressed. This chapter provided an assessment of various feedstocks, availability, various processing techniques, obstacles, and current technical developments in the generation of biofuels from biomass.
Biogas
Authors: Khiratkar Bela , Khade Shankar Mukundrao , Tripathi Abhishek Dutt
Published: November 2022

Biogas is a renewable natural gas used in production of energy which is generated by breakdown of organic matter by anaerobic digestion. It is a composition of methane, carbon dioxide, and some other gases in small quantities. The most common natural resources for production of biogas are aquatic sediments, animal waste, crop residues, wastewater sludge, and many others. Some other sources are landfills, water lagoons, etc., which are a result of human activity. There are several technologies used for biogas production, mainly biodigesters, wastewater treatment plants, and landfill gas recovery systems. Production of biogas is highly dependent on the feedstock availability and the policy support by the government.
Biofuels From Macroalgae
Authors: Biswal Debraj , Sarkar (Paria) Dipanwita
Published: November 2022

The steep rise in human population together with the simultaneous growth of urbanization and industrialization has triggered overuse of fossil fuels in the recent years. However, they are non-renewable and release carbon dioxide causing global warming. In this context, biofuels come as excellent substitutes because they are renewable and eco-friendly. They are obtained from biological products and include biodiesel, biomethane, bioethanol, and biohydrogen. They are classified into first, second, and third generation fuels depending on the biological feedstocks being used. Of these, the third-generation fuels, obtained from marine resources like algae, have attracted special research interests because they do not rival the food crop production or depend on land and freshwater for their cultivation. However, the potentialities of macroalgae as a biofuel resource have not been investigated thoroughly. The chapter tries to outline all the aspects of biofuel production from macroalgae pointing out the scopes for future research.
Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass and 2G Ethanol
Authors: Panchal Hitesha J. , Kumar Krishan
Published: November 2022

Rapid depletion of fossil fuel-based energy sources increased the demand for alternate energy sources. Lignocellulosics-based 2G ethanol can be used as an alternative sustainable source that presents in ample amount. Sources of lignocellulose biomass are wood, food-agriculture wastes, and forest residues. Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are the core components of lignocellulosic biomass. Cellulosic and hemicellulosic biomass are enzymatically hydrolyzed to produce the monomer sugar (such as glucose or xylose) which is further converted into ethanol using fermentation process. The presence of lignin provides physical barrier that limit the access of enzymes required for saccharification. Pretreatment helps in removing the lignin from biomass and reducing recalcitrance. Pretreatment can be done by conventional methods, which are chemical, physical, and biological. This study covers the different methods of pretreatment including their disadvantages and benefits along with saccharification and fermentation processes.
Early Field Experiences Through Telepresence Robots
Authors: Porath Suzanne L. , Wertzberger Eileen M.
Published: November 2022

This chapter describes the use of telepresence robots in early field experiences for the placement of teacher candidates in rural schools that would be inaccessible because of location. After a small, pilot program illustrated the utility of the telepresence robots, the program was scaled up to place over 60 teacher candidates across 14 rural school districts. As an emerging technology, the college has learned numerous lessons about how to prepare and support teacher candidates, host teachers, and school districts to use telepresence robots as a part of an educator preparation program to provide diverse experiences in classrooms.
Gameful Learning as an Innovative Pedagogy for Online Learning
Authors: Ray Beverly B. , Bennett Cory A.
Published: November 2022

With the ongoing movement to online learning, teacher education is faced with the reality of developing effective online learning environments. A collaborative approach at one university involved use of gameful learning as a foundational pedagogy for MAT students' online learning in a graduate-level assessment course. Implementation resulted from a series of collaborative team meetings, focused planning and development activities, and consistent reflection and revision both during and after instruction. Early each term, students received live and video instruction about gameful learning, focusing on learner choice as key for success. Students were evaluated on a set of choice assignments which were aligned to course and CAEP standards. Students' perceptions of value for their own learning were collected qualitatively. Results demonstrate perceptions of positive value for gameful learning as a learning tool for early career educators enrolled in one online course. Major trends that emerged from students' reflections are discussed as well.
Teacher Self-Training in Creating Moodle Quiz Constructivist L2 Activities During the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Papadima-Sophocleous Salomi , Antoniou Savvi
Published: November 2022

During the pandemic, technologically-enhanced teaching and learning took up a different meaning, as they both had to be conducted by distance and not face-to-face. As this was unprecedented, there was very limited research in the areas of emergency online teacher education. The intense need for online teacher training and the lack of literature in this field are the sources of inspiration for this chapter. This chapter explores the case of an in-service French language instructor who had to self-train in order to go fully online and master distance learning instructional delivery format as she had no previous experience in remote teaching. The methodology adopted is case study research of the language practitioner, during the early days of online teaching. Data were collected through the practitioner's field notes and a semi-constructed interview by a second practitioner at the end. Results indicate that the practitioner was able to be self-trained in creating Moodle Quiz constructivist language activities.
Supporting the Pedagogical Needs of Preservice Teachers During a Time of Crisis
Authors: Woo Lauren J. , Archambault Leanna , Borup Jered
Published: November 2022

This chapter describes the design, implementation, and evaluation process of a series of modules to support preservice teachers in the sudden transition to distance teaching during the COVID-19 crisis. In response to the transition, teacher education programs urgently made efforts to provide alternative field experiences and redesign their curricula. For PSTs at Arizona State University who transitioned to remote/online field experiences, the authors designed modules targeting the most relevant aspects of quickly shifting to remote/online teaching. Based on a mixed-methods analysis of an online survey, PSTs perceived the modules to be useful but also emphasized a need for more relevant modules further aligned with their coursework and field experiences. The findings also indicated a need for teacher education programs to continue exploring alternatives to traditionally structured programs, such as moving beyond the three-credit course structure and solely in-person field experiences, to better prepare PSTs to teach during times of crises and within the virtual age.
Image and Popular Culture in Digital Public Diplomacy
Authors: Bendaş Kadir
Published: November 2022

Virtually everything in the modern society we currently live in has become digitalized. The digitalization in communication technologies, especially in the last 30 years, has digitized the field of public diplomacy as in every field, and the concept of digital public diplomacy has emerged. Individuals and institutions are evaluated according to their image, and those with a good image are appreciated, admired, and followed. Those who do not have a good image fall into the opposite situation. For this reason, in digital public diplomacy, states are now pursuing to present their own images according to the conditions of the day. Today, with the rapidly developing new media tools, the value of image in the digital environment has increased, and public diplomacy has frequently used this field. At this level, public diplomacy nowadays utilizes opportunities in popular areas and converts the digital space into an image creation area. In this study, the image-building processes of public diplomacy in the digital field were examined.
Understanding Digital Diplomacy Through Ukraine-Russia Events
Authors: Tolkun Bekturgan kyzy  , Ayhan Niyazi
Published: November 2022

Digital diplomacy is a form of new public diplomacy that uses the internet, new information and communication technologies, and social media as a means to strengthen diplomatic relations. The main differences from classical public diplomacy are greater access to information, more interaction between people and organizations, and greater transparency. Diplomacy is radically transforming in front of our eyes. In the face of new challenges, its structure and methods are changing, and new directions are emerging. The chapter analyzes new opportunities and technologies for use by the diplomatic departments of the Russian Federation and Ukraine in the course of current activities in the field of international relations. The authors also presented a descriptive analysis of the document entitled “The Truth behind Events in Ukraine and Donbass (2014-2022)” published on the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.
Reading Turkey's EU Accession Process Through Progress Reports in the Context of Public Diplomacy
Authors: Terzioğlu Elifnur
Published: November 2022

Public diplomacy, which is defined as an effort to influence the attitude and perception of the public in order to shape and implement the foreign policy in the desired direction, can also be evaluated as an effort to shape the public opinion of different countries in a positive and desired way. One of Turkey's most important goals in the international arena has been determined as membership to the European Union, and many governments have carried out activities in various dimensions in line with this policy for many years. The activities carried out by Turkey in the EU membership process are closely monitored by the EU and regularly reported since 1998. While evaluating the breakthroughs Turkey has made in terms of foreign policy in these reports, it is also possible to determine how the international community and the public perceive these efforts. Based on this foresight, in this chapter, Turkey's progress reports in the EU membership process will be evaluated in the context of public diplomacy, and a descriptive and analytical framework will be created in this context.
The Role of Social Media in Digitalized Public Diplomacy
Authors: Mertoğlu Selver
Published: November 2022

Developments experienced in communication technologies have caused digitalization by changing and transforming all areas of life. Especially thanks to the opportunities and possibilities provided by new communication technologies, the authorities of different countries can convey their political and ideological thoughts to the citizens of other countries quickly and effectively. Social media is one of the most important digital communication networks with the power to influence the international agenda. Countries that take their place in digital diplomacy can more easily manage public perceptions with social media environments, which have an important place in international relations. In this study, by emphasizing the importance of social media channels in the digitalization of public diplomacy, the authors have shown the Turkish image displayed based on the posts made on TRT World's Twitter account. For this, the shares and comments selected by the purposeful sampling method will be analyzed with discourse analysis and the reflected Turkish image will be revealed.
Implementing Green Zone Training into an Athletic Training Curriculum
Authors: Schroeder Lindsey H. , DeMott Joanna L. , Nelson Melanie S.
Published: November 2022

Context

Diversity, equity, and inclusion training in academic programming has evolved in recent years to address racial minority and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer populations; an additional special population that merits inclusion in this type of programming is the military-affiliated population.

Objective

Introduce the Campus Green Zone training workshop as an option to incorporate cultural competency for the military-affiliated patient or client population in athletic training programs.

Background

Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education standards identify the need for students to engage with clients or patients who participate in nonsport activities such as those in the military. The Campus Green Zone training program focuses on educating individuals about military-affiliated culture. One athletic training program requested a tailored version of the training for graduate students to prepare them for interacting with military-affiliated patients.

Description

Staff from the institution's Office of Military Affairs presented the training to 2 classes of athletic training graduate students, working in collaboration with the athletic training program's clinical education coordinator, to develop a version of the Campus Green Zone training that would help students reflect on the potential for interaction with clients representing the military-affiliated communities.

Clinical Advantage(s)

By importing a training workshop that is already in use on campus, the instructor saved time researching and deploying cultural sensitivity materials related to the military-affiliated population. By collaborating closely with the staff of the Office of Military Affairs, the training was improved and expanded upon to better serve the needs of the athletic training students.

Conclusion(s)

Athletic training instructors may meet the standard of cultural awareness in part by incorporating Campus Green Zone workshops and materials into their curriculum for graduate-level preservice students.
Rapid, Low-Complexity, Simultaneous Bacterial Group Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Performed Directly on Positive Blood Culture Bottles Using Chromogenic Agar
Authors: Robberts F. J. Lourens , Owusu-Ofori Alex , Oduro George , Gyampomah Thomas K. , Marles Nisha , Fox Anne T. , Chenoweth Josh G. , Schully Kevin L. , Clark Danielle V.
Published: November 2022

The use of positive blood culture bottles for direct disk diffusion susceptibility testing (dDD), together with chromogenic culture limited to groups of pathogens for antimicrobial susceptibility testing interpretation may provide a means for laboratories-in-development to introduce rapid abbreviated blood culture testing. We assessed the performance of dDD on Chromatic MH agar using contrived positive blood culture bottles and compared findings with current standard practice. Furthermore, we characterized the growth of 24 bacterial and 3 yeast species on Chromatic MH agar with the aid of rapid spot tests for same-day identification. The coefficient of variation for reproducibility of dDD of four reference strains in 4 to 10 replicates (238 data points) ranged from 0% to 16.3%. Together with an additional 10 challenge isolates, the overall categorical agreement was 91.7% (351 data points). The following bacteria were readily identifiable: cream/white Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus pyogenes; turquoise Streptococcus agalactiae, enterococci, Listeria monocytogenes; mauve Escherichia coli, Shigella sonnei, Citrobacter freundii; dark-blue Klebsiella and Enterobacter; green Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and brown Proteus. Clear colonies were seen with Salmonella, Acinetobacter, Burkholderia, and Yersinia enterocolitica (turns pink). Our study suggests that Chromatic MH for dDD may show promise as a rapid, clinically useful presumptive method for overnight simultaneous identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. However, there is a need to optimize the medium formulation to allow the recovery of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
A Chikungunya Outbreak in a Dengue-endemic Region in Rural Northern Coastal Ecuador
Authors: Márquez Sully , Lee Gwenyth O. , Andrade Paulina , Zuniga Julio , Trueba Gabriel , Eisenberg Joseph N. S. , Coloma Josefina
Published: November 2022

Dengue virus (DENV) reemerged in the Americas in the 1980s and 1990s, whereas chikungunya virus (CHIKV) emerged in 2014. Although CHIKV produced large epidemics from 2014 to 2017, dengue fever has been the prominent arboviral disease identified through passive surveillance, bringing to question the degree to which cases are misdiagnosed. To address this concern, we conducted an active household-based surveillance of arboviral-like illnesses in six rural and remote communities in northern coastal Ecuador from May 2019 to February 2020. Although passive surveillance conducted by the Ecuadorian Ministry of Health reported only DENV cases in the region, more than 70% of the arbovirus-like illnesses detected by active surveillance in our study were positive for CHIKV. These findings underline the need for active surveillance of arboviral infections with laboratory confirmation, especially in rural communities where arboviral illnesses are more likely to be underreported.
Toward a New Paradigm of North–South and South–South Partnerships for Pandemic Preparedness: Lessons Learned from COVID-19 and Other Outbreaks
Authors: Nsanzimana Sabin , Rawat Angeli , Wilson Lindsay A. , Forrest Jamie I. , Reis Gilmar , Ramagopalan Sreeram , Muyembe-Tamfum Jean-Jacques , Ntoumi Francine , Zumla Alimuddin , Sow Papa Salif , Nachega Jean B. , Binagwaho Agnes , Dybul Mark , Mills Edward J.
Published: November 2022

COVID-19 underscores the need to reimagine North–South partnerships and redefine best practices for building public health and research capacity to address emergent health threats and pandemic preparedness in low- and-middle income countries (LMICs). Historically, outbreak and emergency responses have failed to ensure that the Global South has the autonomy and capacity to respond to public health threats in a timely and equitable manner. The COVID-19 response, however, has demonstrated that innovations and solutions in the Global South can not only fill resource and capacity gaps in LMICs but can also provide solutions to challenges globally. These innovations offer valuable lessons about strengthening local manufacturing capacity to produce essential diagnostic, treatment, and prevention tools; implementing high-quality research studies; expanding laboratory and research capacity; and promoting effective cooperation and governance. We discuss specific examples of capacity-building from Rwanda, South Africa, and Senegal. To fulfill promises made to the Global South during the COVID-19 pandemic, restore and resume health service delivery, and effectively prevent and respond to the next health threat, we need to prioritize equitable access to local manufacturing of basic health tools while building health systems capacities in the Global South.
Perinatal Transmission of Dengue Infection among Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreaks in Southern Vietnam: The First Case Managed at Tu Du Hospital and Review of Literature
Authors: Pham Thanh Hai , Nguyen Phuc Nhon , Ho Quang Nhat
Published: November 2022

Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a high-risk pathology in pregnancy, leading to an increased mortality rate for both the mother and baby. Perinatal transmission of dengue infection may occur during the labor stage of the febrile phase, despite its extreme rarity. In the present case, a young female patient with pregnancy at 39 weeks 3 days of gestational age was hospitalized because of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Upon monitoring, her platelet count gradually decreased to a very low of 13,000 mm3 on the third day of fever. However, her platelet count increased soon afterwards. On the eighth day of admission, she was delivered by emergency cesarean section due to acute fetal distress. The female neonate was promptly assessed by the pediatric team upon cesarean surgery. The neonate was diagnosed with vertical transmission of dengue infection based on positive dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 antigen, and low platelet count was found on the first day postpartum. When there is a high suspicion of perinatal transmission, closely monitoring the newborn helps to avoid the adverse outcomes and mortality for the infant. Herein, we thoroughly report an unusual case of maternal–fetal transmission of dengue during pregnancy at our maternity hospital.
Configurator as a tool of marketing communication and its use in achieving emissions targets
Authors: Beránek Martina
Published: November 2022

The article focuses on the issue of car emissions targets, the advent of electromobility in this context and the ability of cars to use the communication tool car configurator as an element for customer education and as an influential tool in their decision-making. The text presented briefly presents the issue of CO2 reduction to which the EU has committed itself in its Green Deal and Fit for 55 programs, focusing on the response of carmakers and their ambitions for a gradual transition from conventional to low or zero emission alternatives and barriers to meeting emissions targets. It presents the results of the survey on customer awareness of current parameters of electric cars and in parallel brings the results of examining the functionality, structure, and user friendliness of configurators of selected cars, including analysis of this communication tool to motivate customers to buy cars with emission-free or low-emission units in the B2C market.
Trade in transformation: The example of the textile business as an innovator of urban life-style
Authors: Hallier Bernd
Published: November 2022

The textile business is an excellent example for permanent transformations of the life-style of consumers. The first cycle in the Darwinism of the European textile sector was dominated by traders ‘knowledge about the sources of the product-materials and opportunities for processing. In a second phase covering the start of industrial mass-production and professional mass-distribution outlets for textiles were established with benchmarks at high frequency spots in down-towns of agglomerations like Berlin, Cologne, London or Paris. Department stores became the anchor of cities and for life-style driven citizens. In the third phasis the outlet-dominance is attacked by IT-driven businesses by the development of tools like the European Article Numbering-system, chips and QR-codes, clouds for big data and data-mining, artificial intelligence and virtual reality. For the textile traders it is an improvement of the efficiency by the ability to control the total supply chain electronically; for the consumer the potential interconnectivity with the internet and smartphones is an empowerment of demand because the choices for alternative points of sales are permanently increasing and mobile shopping decreases the dependance on locations of brick-and stone. Of course, this is resulting in big changes for the supply patterns.
Enriquecimento de piso em gaiolas flat-deck sobre o bem-estar de coelhos de corte durante o verão
Authors: Dutra Daniel , Cayllahua Erick , Ferrari Fábio , Costa Marcelo , Rein Ariadne , Montanhim Gabriel , Cavalcanti Érika Nayara , Fidelis Heloisa , Moraes Paola , Borba Hirasilva
Published: November 2022

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of body rest on flat-deck cage on the animal welfare of fattening rabbits in summer. 45 Botucatu rabbits, 90 days of age, were individually distributed into three cage groups: with ceramic platform, with porcelain platform and without platform (control). An ethogram was elaborated and divided into four categories: activity, posture, position and portion of the body over the platform. The behavior was recorded by the Scan method for ten days, every 15 minutes, 8 hours/day. Superficial body temperature (SBT) was taken every 60 min and respiratory rate (fR) three times/day (9, 14 and 17h). The temperature and humidity recorded inside the building, during observational period, was 30±4,5oC and 34%, respectively. Animal activity was not influenced by enrichment (p>0.05). However, both enriched platforms conferred higher frequency of rabbits lying with their hind legs extended in comparison to the control group (p <0.05). Control group showed higher frequency of animals lying with their hind legs retracted and lying laterally (p<0.05). The animals remained 75% of the time over any of the evaluated platforms, but the frequencay of rabbits that remained with the hindquarter positioned on the ceramic platform was higher than those on the porcelain platform (p<0.05). SBT was not influenced by the enrichment (p>0.05). fR was higher in cages without platform (p<0.05). Therefore, it is concluded that the enrichment of flat-deck cages, especially with ceramic platform, improves the welfare of fattening rabbits by providing greater physical and thermal comfort during the summer.
გზა ტრადიციული მარკეტინგიდან ციფრულ მარკეტინგამდე
Authors: Tchanturia Nino
Published: November 2022

ნინო ჭანტურია

კავკასიის საერთაშორისო უნივერსიტეტი დოქტორანტი თბილისი, საქართველო

Email: tchanturia.nino@ciu.edu.ge

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1894-5822

 

მოკლე აღწერა

აბსტრაქტი. XXI საუკუნე მომხმარებლის საუკუნედ ითვლება, რადგან დღეს კომპანიების არსებობა დამოკიდებულია მომხმა­რებ­ლის მოთხოვნილებაზე. ნებისმიერი ბიზნესის წარმატე­ბის­თვის აუცილებელია, ფეხი აუწყოს ბაზრის ტენდენციებს, და გა­მოიყენოს ინფორმაციის მიწოდების ყველა ეფექტური გზა. ყო­ველთვის იყოს იქ სადაც მისი პოტენციური მომხმარებლები არიან.

აქედან გამომდინარე ჩვენ მიზნად დავისახეთ დაგვედგინა ციფრული მარკეტინგის როლი თანამედროვე სამყაროში და გვეჩვენებინა მისი როლი მომხმარებელთა ყოველდღურობაში. რო­მელი ფატორების გამოიღებენ გადაწყვეტილებას მომხმა­რებ­ლები შეიძინონ ონლაინ და არა ტრადიციული მეთოდით. კვლე­ვის მიზანია დავადგინოთ მომხმარებელთა დამოკიდებულება ციფრული მარკეტინგის მიმართ. კვლევაში მონაწილეობა მიიღო 178 ადამიანმა. მოხდა როგორც მეორადი ასევე ონლაინ კითხვა­რის საშუალებით მოპოვებული პირველადი მონაცემების დამუ­შავება. კვლევამ აჩვენა, რომ ციფრულმა მარკეტინგმა შეიძლება უფრო მეტს მიაღწიოს, თუ ის მომხმარებელთა სურვილებს პი­რად პრიორიტეტად მიიჩნევს.
მდგრადი განათლების გამოწვევები დისტანციური სწავლების პირობებში (საქართველოს მაგალითზე)
Authors: Kharaishvili Eter , Lobzhanidze Nino
Published: November 2022

ეთერ ხარაიშვილი

ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი, პროფესორი თბილისი, საქართველო

Email: eter.kharaishvili@tsu.ge

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4013-7354

 

ნინო ლობჟანიძე

ივანე ჯავახიშვილის სახელობის თბილისის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი, ასისტენტ-პროფესორი თბილისი, საქართველო

Email: nino.lobzhanidze@tsu.ge

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5830-6924

 

მოკლე აღწერა

აბსტრაქტი. სტატიაში ბიბლიოგრაფიულ კვლევაზე დაყრდნო­ბით გაანალიზებულია მდგრადი განათლების გამოწვევები სხვა­დასხვა ქვეყანაში, შესწავლილია ამ ქვეყნებში არსებული მიდგო­მები და კონცეფციები, დისტანციური სწავლების თეორიული და პრაქტიკული ასპექტები.

საქართველოში მდგრადი განათლების სისტემის ფორმირების ხელ­შემშლელი ფაქტორების გამოსავლენად, დისტანციური სწავ­ლე­ბის პოზიტიური და ნეგატიური მხარეების შესაფასებლად და მდგრადი განათლების მიმართულებების დასადგენად ჩატარე­ბუ­ლია რაოდენობრივი კვლევა.

ნაშრომში გამოკვეთილია საქართველოს უმაღლეს საგანმანათ­ლებ­ლო დაწესებულებებში მდგრადი განათლების სისტემასა და დისტანციური სწავლების სფეროში არსებული პრობლემები, და­სა­ბუთებულია დისტანციური სწავლების პირობებში იმ მექანიზ­მების გამოვლენის აუცილებლობა, რაც განათლების სისტემის მდგრადი განვითარებისათვის ხელსაყრელ პირობებს შექმნის.

სტატიაში შეფასებულია მეცნიერ-მკვლევრების მოსაზრებები დის­ტანციური განათლების შესახებ, ჩატარებულია დისტან­ციუ­რი სწავლების SWOT ანალიზი. დისტანციური სწავლების მდგრა­დი განათლების სისტემაზე გავლენის დასადგენად გამოყენებუ­ლია პოპულაციაზე დაფუძნებული (Population-based/Census-based) მიდგომა. კვლევის შედეგები დამუშავებულია SPSS პროგრამით.

რაოდენობრივი კვლევის შედეგების ანალიზისა და ფოკუს ჯგუ­ფებთან დისკუსიის საფუძველზე გაკეთებულია დასკვნები და შემუშავებულია რეკომენდაციები დისტანციური სწავლების პი­რო­ბებში მდგრადი განათლების მიღწევის მიმართულებებზე.