bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Cryptococcus species from the external environments of hospital and academic areas
Authors: Brito Murilo de Oliveira , Bessa Meliza Arantes de Souza , Menezes Ralciane de Paula , Röder Denise Von Dolinger de Brito , Penatti Mário Paulo Amante , Pimenta João Paulo , Aguiar Paula Augusta Dias Fogaça de , Pedroso Reginaldo dos Santos
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Fungi of the genus Cryptococcus are cosmopolitan and may be agents of opportunistic mycoses in immunocompromised and sometimes immunocompetent individuals. Cryptococcus species are frequently isolated from trees and bird excreta in the environment and infection occurs by inhalation of propagules dispersed in the air. The aim was to investigate Cryptococcus species in bird excreta and tree hollows located in a university hospital area and in an academic area of a university campus.

Methodology: A total of 40 samples of bird excreta and 41 samples of tree hollows were collected. The identification of the isolates was done by classical methodology and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Results: Twenty (62.5%) isolates of Cryptococcus were found in bird excreta and 12 (37.5%) in tree hollows. C. laurentii (currently Papiliotrema laurentii) was the most frequent species in both samples, being found in 5 samples of excreta and in 8 tree hollows. The diversity of species found in excreta (C. laurentii, C. albidus [currently Naganishia albida], C. liquefaciens [currently N. liquefaciens], C. friedmanii [currently N. friedmannii] and others) was higher than in tree hollows (C. laurentii, C. flavescens [currently Papiliotrema flavescens], and other yeasts).

Conclusion: Many Cryptococcus species were isolated from excreta and tree hollows, and this fact is important for understanding the environmental epidemiology of those emerging pathogens for public health, as a way to implement surveillance actions and control of cryptococcosis.
Patient safety culture in the intensive care unit: cross-study
Authors: Gomides Mabel Duarte Alves , Fontes Astrídia Marília de Souza , Silveira Amanda Oliveira Soares Monteiro , Sadoyama Geraldo
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Patient safety culture has been the reason for great concern for the scientific community due to the high number of failures resulting from the provision of health care. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perception regarding the patient safety culture and their differences between categories, in the professional teams of the adult intensive care unit (ICU).

Methodology: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, to evaluate the patient safety culture developed in the unit adult ICU of a public university hospital.

Results: In this survey, 138 employees of the ICU participated, among them: physicians, psychologists, nutritionists, physiotherapists, nurses, nursing technicians, and secretaries. There was a predominance of nursing technicians (76.8%) and work experience time from 5 to ≥ 21 years (62.3%). The overall mean of the safety culture in the ICU was 57.80, and the domains with the best average were stress perception (73.84) and satisfaction at work (72.38) and with the worst mean was the perception of hospital management (42.69). The perception of safety attitudes in the professional category of physicians presented a general average of 61.63, being strengthened to job satisfaction (77,89) and with a higher perception in relation to nurses.

Conclusions: The overall ICU average for the patient safety culture was less than 75, which demonstrates a team with weakened safety attitude and, in addition, low perceptions of safety attitudes based on the results of management domains, working conditions and communication failures.
Awareness of HPV and HPV vaccination in undergraduate students in the North West region of Turkey: Near future outlook
Authors: Aynaci Gulden , Gusku Zuhal
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer affecting women in the world. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness about HPV, risk perception, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccines.

Methodology: The sample of this descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of 396 undergraduate university students from Turkey. Sociodemographic characteristics, reproductive health, knowledge about HPV, and HPV vaccination were questioned.

Results: The percentage of university students with an active sexual life was 10.6%. The knowledge level of families about HPV, and HPV vaccination were not adequate. The awareness of the fact that HPV was a cause of cervical cancer in women and penile cancer in men tended to increase with the increase in the educational level of parents. Those who knew about HPV vaccines were predominantly females.

Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that more active education is needed to decrease HPV infections among undergraduate students. Increasing awareness of HPV makes it easier to develop positive behaviors in fighting against it. In order to increase the contribution of young people to educational activities for the community, information about HPV and HPV vaccines should first be included in training programs at universities. To support the development of effective and high-quality public health interventions, young people should be educated so that obstacles to HPV vaccination in various cultural groups can be eliminated. Our findings suggest that awareness about HPV, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccines should be increased.
Integrating multiple sources of biodiversity information greatly expands the range of a rare species of Hymenoptera (Vanhorniidae)
Authors: Hogan Joshua , Bass Amber , Zhang Y. Miles , Sharanowski Barbara
Published: July 2019

Vanhorniaeucnemidarum Crawford is the only species of Vanhorniidae that occurs in North America. This species is rarely collected and thus the distribution is not well documented. Intending to uncover a more accurate range of this species, we assembled collection records from museums, personal collections and citizen science projects. Many of these records were non-digitised and had to be personally requested.

Here we expand the known distribution of V.eucnemidarum to include nine new provinces and states: Manitoba, Connecticut, Oregon, Mississippi, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Texas and Wisconsin. Although Quebec has been listed as a previous locality, the recorded province was mislabelled, so Quebec is now also officially a provincial record.
Quand les caravanes passent...
Authors: Chappart Pascaline
Published: July 2019

Depuis l’intégration du Mexique à l’Espace de libre-échange nord-américain, la question migratoire est devenue centrale dans ses relations avec les États-Unis, dans une perspective de plus en plus sécuritaire. Sa frontière méridionale constitue le point de convergence des migrations des pays du sud vers les pays nord-américains. Les caravanes de migrants, qui traversent son territoire depuis la fin 2018, traduisent une façon de rompre avec la clandestinité autant qu’une protection contre les périls de la traversée ; elles sont aussi l’expression d’une geste politique.
En Algérie, une approche répressive
Authors: Bureau Jeanne
Published: July 2019

Se considérant comme un pays « de transit », l’Algérie aborde la question de l’immigration sur son sol uniquement sous un angle sécuritaire, voire xénophobe. Les rafles et les expulsions massives menées depuis l’année 2017 sont emblématiques de cette politique qui nie jusqu’à la présence de populations migrantes, parfois durablement installées sur le sol algérien 1 .
Quand les « Chinois de France » manifestent
Authors: Wang Simeng
Published: July 2019

Médias et politiques parlent volontiers de «  la communauté chinoise », comme s’il s’agissait d’un tout. Pourtant, les manifestations organisées en 2016 et 2017, après l’assassinat en région parisienne de deux migrants d’origine chinoise, ont, au contraire, montré toute la diversité et la complexité de la population chinoise et/ou d’origine en France, qui trouve pourtant à se rassembler dans les luttes contre le racisme.
Raison (philosophique) et foi (biblique)
Authors: Guibal Francis
Published: July 2019

La (post)modernité mondialisée que nous vivons invite à étendre l’ aggiornamento de Vatican II à la question traditionnelle des rapports entre foi et raison. Les assurances métaphysiques font place aujourd’hui à une rationalité plus souple et plus ouverte, critique et herméneutique, cependant que les Écritures bibliques renvoient moins à un savoir doctrinal qu’à la transmission d’expérience(s) historique(s) et spirituelle(s). Aussi est-il possible d’envisager une reconnaissance sans confusion entre l’homme de foi (biblique) et l’homme de raison (philosophique), chacun recueillant à sa manière les apports qui lui viennent de l’autre. Il est d’ailleurs permis de se demander si cette provocation mutuelle ne pourrait pas finalement déborder les limites du cadre européen pour s’étendre aux débats interculturels de notre monde
Leadership Behavior and Organizational Characteristics: Implications for Faculty Satisfaction
Authors: Kennerly Susan M
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationships among administrative leadership behaviors, organizational characteristics, and faculty job satisfaction in baccalaureate nursing programs of private colleges. A two-part survey technique included 1) the collection of organizational data from the dean/chair of each nursing program, and 2) the rating of leadership behavior of the dean/chair and faculty job satisfaction by nurse faculty. Fifty-three percent of eligible programs and 77% of nurse faculty participated in the study. The findings indicated that the leadership behaviors of consideration and initiating structure were positively related to nurse faculty job satisfaction. The number of nurse faculty and the number of students in the college were identified as variables moderating the relationship between leadership behavior and job satisfaction. The emergence of a unique pattern of high consideration and high initiating structure leadership behaviors provides a basis for reexamining alternatives to promote the overall job satisfaction of nurse faculty.
Medication Adherence: A Review and Lessons for Developing Countries
Authors: Omotosho Adebayo , Ayegba Peace
Published: July 2019

Most of the time, complete adherence to prescribed medication is a big step towards recovery from either chronic or acute diseases, but patients often are unaware of the adverse effects that could arise from inconsistency in adherence. The inability of patients to adhere to prescription can affect the potency of some effective therapies known to treat many conditions, and passive compliance may result in the development of resistant to drug causing a need for treatment modification. Shockingly, more than half of the drugs prescribed for patients with chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension were found not to be taken as recommended.  Adherence is so important because it can assist clinicians in successful supervision of evidence-based treatment of patients; therefore this paper presents an overview of medication adherence, non-technology and technology-based approaches, and lessons for developing countries.
Treatment of Diabetes Type II Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Al Switi Majdoleen , Alshraideh Bahaaldeen , Alshraideh Abedalrhman , Massad Abudalla , Alshraideh Mohammad
Published: July 2019

Chronic diseases is an important research field because of the growth of the number of affected people around the world. When someone has diabetes, the body either does not make enough insulin or cannot use its own insulin as well as it should. This causes sugar to build up in blood leading to complications like heart disease, stroke, and neuropathy. Poor circulation leading to loss of limbs, blindness, kidney failure, nerve damage, and death. Diagnosis plays vital role in diabetes treatment otherwise it leads to long term complications in terms of costs of the treatment of the patients and leads to many risks over the patient himself as mentioned above. In this research we propose new methodology to extract the best testing sequence evaluation mechanism for helping doctors to evaluate their patient’s cases and make the best decisions about the medicine being given. We managed to create chromosomes population each of which consists of binary decision tree, as this implementation considered being the best scenario of our problem. The system proves its efficiency by applying it on 50 patients and the results shows accuracy percentage of 95.4%.
Formes et savoirs de la corruption à l’âge des Lumières
Authors: Chalmin Ronan
Published: July 2019

La vaste réflexion sur la corruption menée au xviiie siècle tant par la science que la philosophie et la littérature a permis une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes du vivant et, en conséquence, une amélioration générale des conditions de vie. Les nouveaux savoirs de la corruption ont identifié celle-ci comme menace tout en reconnaissant son rôle primordial dans le cycle vital. Ils y voient un instrument de progrès, notamment avec les pratiques modernes de l’aération et de l’inoculation. La corruption et sa connaissance sont également au cœur des réflexions sur les mécanismes de la génération et, dans le cas de Diderot, ont servi de source d’inspiration poétique aussi bien que philosophique.
Microstructural Analysis on Ballistic Tested Armour Steel Joints Fabricated Using Low Hydrogen Ferritic Consumables for Capping Pass
Authors: Balakrishnan M. , Balasubramanian V. , Reddy G. Madhusudhan
Published: July 2019

Post impact microstructural characteristics of 7.62 armour pearcing incendiary bullet was studied on AISI 4340 multilayerd welded joints. The potential application of AISI 4340 steel is found in the construction of combat vehicles using welding process. The welded joints are expected to offer better ballistic resistance like unwelded parent metals in combat vehicles. The traditionally used austenitic stainless steel welding consumables and the transformation effects of the welding process result in inferior ballistic performance of AISI 4340 steel welded joints. Published information revealed that a few attempts were made to successfully resist the bullets at multi layered weld metals by depositing a hard-facing interlayer between traditionally used austenitic stainless steel filler metals and a austenitic stainless steel buttering layer in between the parent metal and the hard – facing interlayer. This paper reports the pre-impact and post-impact microstructural characteristics of multi layered sandwiched joints made of a austenitic stainless steel root, a chromium carbide hard – facing middle layer and a low hydrogen ferritic capping front layer. The effect of the low hydrogen ferritic front layer on the ballistic performance after impact is studied in detail.
Chemical and Biological Warfare Protection and Self-Decontaminating Flax Fabrics Based on CaO Nanoparticles
Authors: Pereira João F. , Ferreira Diana P. , Pinho Eva , Fangueiro Raul
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research was to develop fibrous structures using flax, functionalized with calcium oxide nanoparticles, with degradation properties and antibacterial activity. Flax samples were successfully functionalized with CaO nanoparticles (CaO NPs) and characterized by ATR-FTIR, FESEM, EDX and TGA techniques. ATR-FTIR and FESEM results clearly indicated the presence of CaO NPs in the flax fabrics’ surface. The influence of surface pre-treatments on the effectiveness of the nanoparticles’ deposition was also studied. Three different treatments were used: Alkali, Acetylation and Potassium Permanganate. The alkali treatment presented the best results, therefore, only alkali flax samples were used in UV degradation experiments, as well as antibacterial activity analysis. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the developed systems as agents against chemical and biological warfare, the samples’ organophosphate degradation ability (using DMMP as a GB mimic) was tested, under UV irradiation. ATR-FTIR results indicated that DMMP was successfully degraded by CaO Flax samples. Antibacterial tests were also performed, using the Halo method, which did not yield the expected results, in the range of tested conditions.
The Impact of AuSn Preforms Thickness on Solder Joint Reliability
Authors: Leavitt Bernard
Published: July 2019

A hurdle that prevents widespread use of semiconductor lasers is that their performance is negatively impacted by thermal management. New products like stack layer diodes have a large number of lasers that work all at once in the condense area. When semiconductor laser dies' operational heat increases, the power of the laser decreases. A technique that is helping users overcome this hurdle is the application of a thinner 80Au20Sn solder joint for the die-attach to aid in thermal transfer to copper heat sinks.

The paper looks at a variety of different preform thicknesses, ranging from 0.0002″ to 0.0015″, and it also reviews voiding percentages. Our study tested shear strength and looked at how preform thickness impacts joint integrity. Further, we took a more in-depth look at the intermetallic thickness on ultra-thin preforms and observed how it affected the solder joint strength. Finally, we looked at other factors like surface tension and at what thickness preform this starts to impact voiding and performance.

The paper will help engineers gain insight into what preform thickness will be the optimal choice for laser diode applications as well as other die-attach applications.
Influence of hepatocyte growth factor-transfected bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells towards renal fibrosis in rats
Authors: Xie Mingbu , Wan Jianxin , Zhang Fengxia , Zhang Ruifang , Zhou Zhenhuan , You Danyou
Published: July 2019

Background & objectives:

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) produced by endothelial cells, fibroblasts, fat cells and other interstitial cells, can promote angiogenesis, repair damaged tissues and resist fibrosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are located in bone marrow and secrete a variety of cytokines and are often used in the repair and regeneration of damaged tissues. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of HGF-transfected bone marrow-derived MSCs towards renal fibrosis in rats.

Methods:

The HGF gene-carrying adenoviral vector (Ad-HGF) was transfected into MSCs, and the Ad-HGF-modified MSCs were transplanted into rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). The localization of renal transplanted cells in the frozen section was observed with fluorescence microscope. The Masson's trichrome staining was performed to observe the renal collagen deposition, and the immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and HGF in renal tissues. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of α-SMA, HGF and fibronectin (FN).

Results:

Ad-HGF-modified MSCs could highly express HGF in vitro. On the post-transplantation 3rd, 7th and 14th day, the 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAP)-labelled transplanted cells were seen inside renal tissues. Compared with UUO group, the renal collagen deposition in transplantation group was significantly reduced, and the expressions of α-SMA mRNA and protein were significantly decreased, while the expressions of HGF mRNA and protein were significantly increased, and the expression of FN mRNA was significantly decreased (P<0.001).

Interpretation & conclusions:

Trans-renal artery injection of HGF-modified MSCs can effectively reduce the renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO rat model.
Contribution of acrB upregulation & OmpC/Ompk36 loss over the presence of bla NDM towards carbapenem resistance development among pathogenic Escherichia coli & Klebsiella spp.
Authors: Pal Arijit , Dhara Lena , Tripathi Anusri
Published: July 2019

Background & objectives:

The global spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is an emerging clinical problem. Hence, in this study, the plausible role of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)/carbapenemases, OmpC/Ompk36, acrB and their combinations was explored among CRE.

Methods:

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of meropenem, enzyme-phenotypes (ESBLs/IR and metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)/non-MBL carbapenemase), genotypes (bla
TEM,
bla
SHV and bla
CTX-M; bla
NDM and bla
VIM;
bla
KPC and bla
OXA-48-like variants), acrB and outer membrane protein (OMP) expressions were analyzed with a total of 101 non-duplicate clinical isolates, obtained from various samples of patients visiting two tertiary care units of Eastern India during May 2013 - October 2016. This included Escherichia coli (n=36) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=65), categorized into two groups, namely Group I (resistant to all carbapenems; n=93; E. coli=34 and Klebsiella spp.=59) and Group II (non-resistant to all the carbapenems; n=8; E. coli=2 and Klebsiella spp.=6).

Results:

Though 88.17 per cent of Group I isolates exhibited ESBL property, the presence of carbapenemase activity (70.96%) and that of bla
NDM gene (42/66: 63.63%) indicated their contributions towards the emergence of CRE. Further, porin loss and/or efflux pump activation among ESBL/carbapenemase-producing isolates heightened the MIC of meropenem from 64 to 256 mg/l (range exhibited by only ESBL/carbapenemase-producing isolates) to >256 mg/l.

Interpretation & conclusions:

These findings implied the major contribution of porin loss and/or efflux pump activation over the presence of ESBLs/carbapenemases in imparting carbapenem resistance in pathogenic bacteria.
Sensitivity of hydrological connectivity in a semiarid basin with a high-density reservoir network
Authors: Toledo Cristian Epifanio , Alcantara Nayra Rodrigues
Published: July 2019

Water reservoirs, in general, have been considered to be the major cause of reduction of downstream hydrological connectivity in channels. Therefore, this study analyzed the sensitivity of hydrological connectivity in the Orós Reservoir hydrographic basin by using the ResNet model, designed to simulate the processes involved in fluvial hydrological connectivity in environments with a high density of reservoirs. The analysis of hydrological connectivity was performed with the model ResNetM, which simulated hydrological processes and considered hydrological connectivity between the reservoirs, according to the criteria established in this research. To identify the main elements that affect hydrological connectivity, sensitivity analysis (SI) was performed of some input parameters of the model. The sensitivity analysis indicated that the modification of the topology of the reservoir network was the variable that presented the highest sensitivity to hydrological connectivity, with a sensitivity value of 1.07, followed by the runoff coefficient, which obtained a sensitivity of 0.8. The modification of the rainfall and of the reservoir storage capacity, showed an intermediate sensitivity, with values of 0.46 and 0.45, respectively. On the other hand, the parameters of potential evaporation and transmission loss showed the lowest sensitivity, obtaining values of 0.19 and 0.01, respectively. In conclusion, the runoff coefficient and the reservoir network (change in the reservoir number of the network) were the parameters evaluated with the highest sensitivity of hydrological connectivity. Thus, the alteration of the landscape by man provides significant changes in river navigation between the reservoirs in the basin.
Analysis of the effect of impermeability of urban soils on the infiltration of rainwater in the city of Recife, PE
Authors: Holanda Marco Aurelio Calixto Ribeiro de , Soares Willames De Albuquerque
Published: July 2019

The process of urbanization interferes in the elements of the hydrological cycle, altering the infiltration, flow, and evaporation of rainwater. Several methods and tests exist for analyzing this hydrological cycle that aim to hydrodynamically characterize the soil of a locality. However, the collection and field trials can be expensive and time consuming. Because of these high costs, it is important to look for methods that save time and money. One such method is to perform simulations of water flow in the soil, using computational models such as Hydrus 1-D, in order to explain the water balance of a region. The results of these simulations showed that 355.18 mm.m-2 of the total 385.02 mm.m-2 of precipitation was able to infiltrate, indicating that the soil of the region has a high infiltration capacity, due to its high sand content. However, of the 228,000 m2 studied, only 38,760 m2 are unpaved soil. This shows that the soil at the location studied would be able to infiltrate most rainwater without the occurrence of flooding, if more than only 17% of the land area were permeable soil. This conclusion can be extrapolated to other areas surrounding this neighborhood and to other large urban centers, which have similar characteristics.
Cathodic reduction characteristics of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol in microbial electrolysis cell
Authors: Yu Qianli , Xiong Wei , Huang Donggen , Luo Cui , Yang Qiang , Guo Tao , Wei Qi
Published: July 2019

Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) has been constructed to study the degradation characters of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol (2C4NP) in waste water. The effects of applied voltage, initial concentration of substrate and co-matrix species on the reduction and degradation of 2C4NP were studied. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of 2C4NP residues and degradation intermediate by using UV-Vis, HPLC, HPLC/MS/MS, IC and other analytical testing techniques. The degradation mechanism of 2C4NP in MEC cathode was proposed. The results showed that electron and electroactive microorganisms would produce coupling effect and accelerate the degradation of 2C4NP under adding 0.5 V DC; Under the condition of satisfying the C/N ratio of electroactive anaerobic microorganism, the addition of organic substances such as glucose and sodium acetate which were easily degraded by microorganisms would hinder the degradation of 2C4NP in the cathode compartment. 2C4NP can be effectively degraded by adding appropriate amount of glucose as carbon source with the low C/N. 2C4NP undergoes reduction, dechlorination, denitrification and assimilation in the cathode compartment to form 2-chloro-4-aminophenol, 4-aminophenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenol, nitrophenol, hydroquinone, 4-hydroxyhexadienoic acid semialdehyde, valeric acid, oxalic acid and many other intermediate products. According to the degradation intermediates, the degradation mechanism of 2C4NP in the cathode compartment was presumed.
Physiological Insights from Doppler Flow Patterns
Authors: Kumar R Krishna
Published: July 2019

How to cite this article

Kumar RK. Physiological Insights from Doppler Flow Patterns. J Perioper Echocardiogr 2013;1(2):39.
Systolic Anterior Motion after Mitral Valve Repair: Hemodynamic Optimization or Provocation for Surgical Correction in the Operating Room?
Authors: Badhwar Vinay
Published: July 2019

How to cite this article

Subramaniam K, Badhwar V. Systolic Anterior Motion after Mitral Valve Repair: Hemodynamic Optimization or Provocation for Surgical Correction in the Operating Room? J Perioper Echocardiogr 2013;1(2):40-41.
Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesiologist as Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiographer
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Rohit Manojkumar
Published: July 2019

How to cite this article

Rohit M, Gupta A. Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesiologist as Perioperative Transesophageal Echocardiographer. J Perioper Echocardiogr 2014;2(1)1-2.
Oral Mucosal Lesions among Prisoners in Central Prison, Chennai, India
Authors: Johny Minimol K , Mathew T Aby
Published: July 2019

Background

Oral health status of prisoners has been an area of concern worldwide. The prison population is unique in nature because of the complexities of their psychological, social and behavioral aspects. Limited oral healthcare facilities in prison settings have resulted in neglect of oral health among prisoners.

Aim

The present study aims to assess oral mucosal lesions among prisoners in Central Prison, Chennai.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted in Central Prison, Puzhal, Chennai. The study population consisted of 1060 prisoners from three divisions of the Central Prison. Oral mucosal lesions among the prisoners were assessed by a single investigator according to World Health Organization (WHO) specifications.

Results

The present study shows that among the study subjects, 37.7% of males and 17.1% of females developed oral mucosal lesions. The prevalence of smokers melanosis was 27.6% among males and 8.6% among females. The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was found to be highest in study subjects of 55 years and above.

Conclusion

A large proportion of the study subjects had oral mucosal lesions. Oral mucosal lesions like oral submucosis fibrosis, smokers palate and smokers melanosis was found to be common among males than females. Oral healthcare facilities should be incorporated in prison settings which would intercept the progress of oral mucosal lesions.

How to cite this article

George B, Johny MK, Mathew TA. Oral Mucosal Lesions among Prisoners in Central Prison, Chennai, India. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2):77-79.
Anterior Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve Block Efficacy Utilizing different Anesthetic Solutions, Reduced Dosage and Conventional Syringe: A Breakthrough in Pain Control
Authors: Tattan Mustafa , Kokovic Vladimir
Published: July 2019

Introduction

For over a decade of introducing the anterior middle superior alveolar (AMSA) injection, it has since majorly only been reported to show both pulpal and buccal mucosal effectiveness using a minimum of 0.9 ml of anesthetic solution.

Aim

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the AMSA nerve block efficacy using a reduced dosage and conventional syringe, while comparing the anesthetic effectiveness of lidocaine vs mepivacaine. A primary objective was to understand the behavioral difference between the two solutions, to better adapt their application into relevant clinical scenarios, where fewer injections are administered, pain control is better understood and implemented, and collateral anesthesia altering the natural lip line is eliminated.

Materials and methods

Twelve candidates (both sexes), of ages 18 to 24, were selected. All the participants received bilateral AMSA nerve block (split-mouth technique) using the conventional syringe, where 0.6 ml of lidocaine and mepivacaine 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000 were randomly administered to each side.

Results

Pulpal anesthesia on both premolar teeth showed 83.3% success within 15 minutes with lidocaine group (LG) and mepivacaine group (MG) alike. Buccal anesthesia at both premolar teeth showed 50% success within 15 minutes with LG and 54.2% with MG. There was no difference in anesthetic effectiveness between the two groups in pulpal anesthesia (p ≥0.05), and no significant difference in buccal mucosal anesthesia (p ≥0.05).

Conclusion

No statistically significant difference was observed between lidocaine and mepivacaine, while both expressed anesthetic effectiveness using a reduced dosage, as well as near painlessness using the conventional syringe.

How to cite this article

Tattan M, Kokovic V. Anterior Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve Block Efficacy Utilizing different Anesthetic Solutions, Reduced Dosage and Conventional Syringe: A Breakthrough in Pain Control. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2):80-86.
A Comparison of Methods for Increasing Retention of Complete Veneer Crowns
Authors: Weed Roger Martin
Published: July 2019

Aim

To determine if boxes or grooves were effective in enhancing the retention of full veneer crowns.

Materials and methods

Ten full veneer crown preparations were machined out of brass with 10 different configurations. They consisted of a plain short preparation, a plain long preparation and preparations with 1 to 4 boxes or 1 to 4 grooves. Ten gold castings were fabricated for each preparation and the cemented. An Instron* was used to remove the castings with the force required recorded in Newtons.

Results

Statistical differences were found in retention between various configurations with boxes being universally more retentive than grooves or the plain crowns.

Conclusion

All the box configurations significantly enhanced retention. Therefore, one box alone would provide the enhanced retention needed for a full veneer crown without the need to create additional retention features.

How to cite this article

Weed RM. A Comparison of Methods for Increasing Retention of Complete Veneer Crowns. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2):95-98.
Influence of Color on Attractiveness of Petit Facial Mask
Authors: Pithon Matheus Melo , Costa Matheus Souza Campos , Coqueiro Raildo , Couto Felipe
Published: July 2019

Aims

Evaluate the esthetic attractiveness of the Petit type facial masks of different colors among youngsters from public and private schools.

Materials and methods

Eight orthopedic facial masks of the Petit type, in different colors were evaluated. Images were obtained of the same patient, and were standardized with a program for changing images (Adobe Photoshop software from CS). The following colors were inserted in the masks: white, gray, green, yellow, blue, pink, orange and black. After acquisition, the images were printed on photographic paper and incorporated into a specific and personalized questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among children of both genders, in the age ranges from 7 to 8, and 9 to 10 years, at public and private schools (n = 200). For the scores attributed to each image, the Mann-Whitney test was used, and among groups, Spearman's correlation. The level of significance adopted was 5%.

Results

Only the scores attributed to the color brown presented significant difference between the schoolchildren from public and private schools. In a comparison between genders, the boys awarded better scores to the colors gray, blue and black, whereas the girls awarded better scores to the color pink. When comparing the age ranges examined there were no statistical differences.

Conclusion

The color of the Petit type of facial mask has an influence on the esthetic attractiveness to children from 7 to 10 years, and preference for certain colors is also influenced by gender and the type of school (public or private).

How to cite this article

Pithon MM, Costa MSC, Coqueiro R, Couto F, Saini R. Influence of Color on Attractiveness of Petit Facial Mask. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2):99-103.
Comparison of Fungal Biofilm Formation on Three Contemporary Denture Base Materials
Authors: Wicks Russell , Babu Jegdish , Garcia-Godoy Franklin , Jain Vinay
Published: July 2019

Statement of problem: Modern polyamide ‘flexible’ denture base materials have increased in popularity for use in removable partial dentures in the last several years. The introduction of these newer products warrants investigation of their relative potential to develop fungal biofilms.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of three denture base materials to support fungal biofilm formation.

Materials and methods

Specimens of two ‘flexible’ nylon type materials and one traditional heat processed, methyl methacrylate resin material were studied (both polished and unpolished surfaces). The specimens were coated with saliva and evaluated for fungal (Candida albicans) biofilm formation. The fungal biofilm mass formed on denture substrates were evaluated by dry weight analysis and by determining the number of viable fungal cells in the biofilm by MTT viability assay. Alteration in fungal metabolic function following the treatment of the biofilmC. albicanswith nystatin and fluconazole was determined by XTT assay.

Results

In general, the unpolished surfaces of the denture disks favored the fungal biofilm, the most being on polyamide specimen, Valplast. Significantly, less biofilm was formed on Duraflex and Lucitone surfaces. Biofim on C. albicans was also found to be resistant to antifungal agents. As compared to freshly incubated (grown) planktonic cells, biofilm fungal cells required significantly higher concentrations of nystatin and fluconazole in order to obtain 50% reduction in metabolic activity.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated the differences in denture materials to support fungal biofilm formation, and also difference between polished and unpolished denture material surfaces. The results demonstrated that one of the polyamide materials (duraflex) had lesser potential to biofilm formation than the others.

Clinical significance

Unfavorable tissue responses can ensue from the presence of fungal biofilms on dental prosthetics. Resistance to biofilm formation is a factor for dental materials in their selection and usage. This study helps to quantify, evaluate and compare biofilm formation on polished and unpolished surfaces of three commonly used denture base materials. The results of this study helped to identify materials, which may, therefore, be better indicated in clinical applications. Evaluations for the newer denture base materials, specific to these testing methods, appear to be novel in the scientific literature.

How to cite this article

Jain V, Babu J, Ahuja S, Wicks R, Garcia-Godoy F. Comparison of Fungal Biofilm Formation on Three Contemporary Denture Base Materials. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2):104-108.
Nonsurgical Correction of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion by Multibends Edgewise Archwire Technique in an Adult
Authors: YU Jian-hong , YU Chien-Chih , Yuan-Chieh Chang , Ya-Yu Tsai , Po-Wei Pan
Published: July 2019

Skeletal class III malocclusion treated with orthognathic surgery usually can achieve a better facial profile and stable occlusion outcome. We describe a 37-year-old patient who sought orthodontic treatment for skeletal class III, but refused recommendations for orthognathic surgery because of personal considerations. After careful analysis of the X-ray images and study models, this patient was subjected to active orthodontic treatment to correct malocclusion using upper and lower arch with improved superelastic NiTi alloy wire (ISW) for efficient leveling of the teeth. In the lower arch, the multibends edgewise archwire (MEAW) technique was used to tip back and intrude the canine and posterior teeth. After the completion of treatment, anterior teeth crossbite was successfully corrected and proper occlusal relationships were reestablished.

How to cite this article

Chang YC, Jian-Hong YU, Tsai YY, Chien-Chih Y, Pan PW. Nonsurgical Correction of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion by Multibends Edgewise Archwire Technique in an Adult. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2015;4(2): 137-142.
Utilization of Dental Service and Quality of Life in Preschool Children
Authors: Karacayli Umit , Cimilli Hale , Mumcu Gonca , Sisman Nur , Bora Nilufer , Catar Ramazan O , Koksal Leyla , Oktay Inci
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between dental service utilization and oral health-related quality of life status in preschool children.

Materials and methods

In this cross-sectional study, 165 five-year-old preschool children (F/M: 77/88) were included. Data were collected by clinical examinations, a questionnaire regarding oral health-related factors, and early childhood oral health impact scale (ECOHIS) for oral health-related quality of life.

Results

In emergency visits, the ratios of having dental pain, dental sensitivity, tooth decay, tooth loss were higher than the others (p < 0.05). Moreover, ECOHIS-Total, ECOHIS-Child, and ECOHIS-Family scores were higher in children with poor oral health status compared with good ones (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Early childhood oral health impact scale score related with oral health status could be used to evaluate priority for emergencies in this age group.

How to cite this article

Sisman N, Bora N, Catar RO, Karacayli U, Cimilli H, Koksal L, Oktay I, Mumcu G. Utilization of Dental Service and Quality of Life in Preschool Children. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2016;5(1):16-22.
Influence of QMix Irrigant on the Accuracy of Four Different Electronic Apex Locators
Authors: Koçak Mustafa Murat , Türker Sevinç A
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of four different electronic apex locators in the presence of various irrigation solutions or dry canal condition. Nineteen mandibular incisor teeth were selected. The real working lengths (RWL) of teeth were measured with #15 K-file. The electronic working lengths (EWLs) were measured with Root ZX mini, Raypex 6, iPex II, and Propex II under the condition of dry canal and in the presence of sodium hypochlorite and QMix. The difference between EWL and RWL was calculated. Root ZX mini was more accurate than Propex II under dry condition. No difference was found between the electronic apex locators in the presence of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). In the presence of QMix, Propex II and Root ZX mini demonstrated more accurate measurements than iPex II. Root ZX mini was found more accurate under dry condition than in the presence of QMix. Raypex 6 demonstrated more accuracy in the presence of QMix when compared with NaOCl. iPex II showed similar measurements with all tested solutions. Propex II was more accurate in the presence of QMix. All devices can be considered reliable when used with QMix irrigation solution and with any irrigant.

How to cite this article

Koçak MM, Koçak S, Sa?lam BC, Türker SA. Influence of QMix Irrigant on the Accuracy of Four Different Electronic Apex Locators. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2016;5(1):23-27.
Oral Health Status among Madrasa going Children in Selected Areas of Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Mohammad , Nishi Shamima Easmin , Yusufzai Sumaiya Jabin , Jamayet Nafij Bin , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: July 2019

Dental caries affect humans of all ages, including all regions of the world and is a disease of the complex interplay of social, behavioral, cultural, dietary, and biological risk factors. The objective of this study was to determine the oral hygiene status and the prevalence of decayed, missing, and filled number of teeth (DMFT index) among madrasa going children of selected area of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. A descriptive type of crosssectional study was conducted by a purposeful selection of some madrasa with a sample size of 251. Data collection were done by four sections. Section one, two and three consist of structured questionnaire and section four resembles to DMFT index which were measured by clinical examination using an examination form. Seventy percent of children had experienced dental caries with mean DMFT score of 1.94. Female children had higher DMFT score than male children. There was a highly significant association between tooth brushing frequency and family income of respondents with caries. We conducted this study in madrasa because up till now such study has not been performed. These data on oral health status and prevalence of DMFT will certainly helps to determine the appropriate treatment plan for madrasa going children. For the benefit of a community, dental health programs need to be conducted repeatedly in order to reach the goals of the World Health Organization (WHO).

How to cite this article

Khan M, Nishi SE, Yusufzai SJ, Jamayet NB, Alam MK. Oral Health Status among Madrasa going Children in Selected Areas of Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2016;5(1):45-49.
Prevalence of Dental Caries, Periodontal Diseases, and Periapical Pathoses among Patients attending a Tertiary Dental Care Center in Central Gujarat: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Joshi Manjiri , Tailor Mansi , Pala Ajay
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Dental caries and periodontal disease are the two globally leading oral infections. There is considerable variation in the prevalence of these diseases. Also, these may lead to various periapical pathoses like periapical abscess, cysts, and so on. These may be attributed to differences in age, gender, sample size, geographical distribution, and protocol followed for diagnosis.

Objectives

To estimate the prevalence of dental caries, gingivitis/periodontitis, and periapical pathoses in patients of all ages in a dental institute in central Gujarat.

Materials and methods

After obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, a hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in a dental institute of central Gujarat. A total of 4,642 patients were screened, out of which 2,849 subjects were included in the present study. Intraoral examination was done under all aseptic conditions by using a diagnostic set of instruments by trained professionals and the status of the pathology recorded according to the standard procedure. Data were stored in an Excel spreadsheet for analysis.

Results

It was observed that dental caries/pulp pathoses were more prevalent in the younger age group with mean age 23.1 years. All the other pathoses were observed among the middle age group (above 35 years). Overall prevalence of dental caries/pulp pathoses, gingivitis/periodontitis, and periapical pathoses was observed in 54.8% of males as compared to 45.2% females.

Conclusion

The current study collected significant data for the prevalence of three different odontogenic oral lesions in the central Gujarat geographical location at a tertiary level. There is male preponderance in the prevalence of these diseases in general. There is a need to generate awareness about oral health and the prevention of dental caries and gingivitis/periodontitis and to institute measures for the provision of dental care services at the primary level.

How to cite this article

Joshi M, Tailor M, Pala A. Prevalence of Dental Caries, Periodontal Diseases, and Periapical Pathoses among Patients attending a Tertiary Dental Care Center in Central Gujarat: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2016;5(2):89-92.
Acute Suppurative Sialadenitis Secondary to Excisional Ranula Biopsy in Child
Authors: Pinheiro Tiago N , Arid Juliana , Maciel Aloizio P , Machado André FM , Monteiro Marleno L , Daltoé Mariana de Oliveira
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Ranulas are lesions that affect the salivary glands, and they are generally treated by excision; however, they can recur in some cases where the gland is not removed and they may progress to acute suppurative sialadenitis, yet such cases are rare, especially in children.

Aims

To report clinical management of occurrence of acute suppurative sialadenitis secondary to excisional biopsy of ranula in a child.

Case report

An 11-year-old female patient was diagnosed with ranula where excisional biopsy was performed. Subsequently, the patient developed infection, suggesting Ludwig's angina, after reevaluation, she was diagnosed with acute suppurative sialadenitis in the right mandibular gland; during the follow-up period, antibiotic therapy was introduced.

Conclusion

The close relationship of the biopsy site with the submandibular space and other structures of the neck required the completion of antibacterial prophylaxis associated with preoperative care, transoperative care, and postoperative care to combat opportunistic infections and their subsequent complications.

Clinical Significance

Suppurative sialadenitis and its subsequent complications may be considered, although rare, as a complication in cases of ranula.

How to cite this article

Pinheiro TN, Arid J, Maciel AP, Machado AFM, Monteiro ML, de Oliveira Daltoé M, de Carvalho FK. Acute Suppurative Sialadenitis Secondary to Excisional Ranula Biopsy in Child. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2016;5(2):123-126.