bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Venous thromboembolism in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a Danish nationwide cohort study
Authors: Gade Inger Lise , Riddersholm Signe Juul , Christiansen Ilse , Rewes Annika , Frederiksen Mikael , Enggaard Lisbeth , Poulsen Christian Bjørn , Bergmann Olav Jonas , Gillström Dorte Balle , Pedersen Robert Schou , Nielsen Linda , Eriksen Helle Højmark , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Kristensen Søren Risom , Severinsen Marianne Tang
Published: November 2018

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with inferior survival in cancer patients. The risk of VTE and its effect on survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients remains unclear. The present study investigated the impact of patient-related factors, CLL prognostic markers, and CLL treatment on the risk of VTE and assessed overall survival relative to VTE. All patients in the Danish National CLL Registry (2008-2015) were followed from the date of CLL diagnosis to death, VTE, emigration, or administrative censoring. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox models, and second primary cancers and anticoagulation treatment were included as time-varying exposures. During a median follow-up of 2.6 years, 92 VTEs occurred among 3609 CLL patients, corresponding to a total incidence rate of 8.2 VTEs per 1000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.7-10.1). A history of VTE or second primary cancer was associated with HRs of VTE of 5.09 (95% CI, 2.82-9.17) and 3.72 (95% CI, 2.15-6.34), respectively, while β2-microglobulin >4 mg/L, unmutated immunoglobulin HV and unfavorable cytogenetics had lower HRs. CLL patients with VTE had marginally higher mortality, which was most pronounced among patients <60 years of age (HR, 7.74; 95% CI, 2.12-28.29). Our findings suggest that markers of unfavorable CLL prognosis contribute to an increased risk of VTE; however, previous VTE or a second primary cancer is more strongly associated with the risk of VTE than any CLL-specific marker. Focusing attention on this preventable complication may improve survival in young CLL patients.
Comparison of Genomic Driver Oncogenes in Vietnamese Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the United States and Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Kim-Son H. , Stehr Henning , Zhou Li , Nguyen Anh-Hoa , Hiep Pham Nhu , Van Cau Nguyen , Duy Phan Canh , Thorp Richard , Wakelee Heather A. , Diehn Maximilian , Neal Joel W.
Published: November 2018

Purpose

Discoveries of oncogenic driver alterations in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been accompanied by the development of effective targeted therapies. The frequencies of these mutations vary between populations but are less well characterized in the Vietnamese population. In this study, we analyzed the frequencies of lung cancer driver oncogenic alterations in Vietnamese patients compared with Vietnamese patients treated in the United States.

Methods

We collected data on tumor and disease characteristics of Vietnamese patients with NSCLC treated at Stanford. In addition, we collected NSCLC tumor specimens from patients with NSCLC diagnosed in Hue, Vietnam, and performed next-generation–based genotyping on these samples. The molecular and clinical characteristics of these groups were compared.

Results

Fifty-nine Vietnamese patients were identified at Stanford. Of the 44 patients with molecular testing results, there were 21 (47.7%) with EGFR alterations, six (13.6%) with ALK alterations, two (4.5%) with KRAS alterations, one (2.3%) with BRAF alterations, and no ROS1 or RET alterations. Across all stages, the median overall survival for patients with a tumor having a targetable genomic alteration driver mutation was 42.4 months, compared with 27.1 months for patients without such alterations. In the 45 genotyped samples from Vietnam, there were 26 (57.8%) with EGFR, 11 (24.4%) with KRAS, and one each (2.2%) with ALK, ROS1, and RET.

Conclusion

The majority of tumors from both Stanford and Vietnam had targetable oncogenic alterations. This suggests that routine implementation of molecular testing may have a significant, positive impact on the treatment of Vietnamese patients with NSCLC, but affordability of testing and treatments remains a barrier to adoption.
Heterogeneous exposure and hotspots for malaria vectors at three study sites in Uganda
Authors: Kang Su Yun , Battle Katherine E. , Gibson Harry S. , Cooper Laura V. , Maxwell Kilama , Kamya Moses , Lindsay Steven W. , Dorsey Grant , Greenhouse Bryan , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel , Reiner Robert C. Jr. , Smith David L. , Bisanzio Donal
Published: November 2018

Background: Heterogeneity in malaria transmission has household, temporal, and spatial components. These factors are relevant for improving the efficiency of malaria control by targeting heterogeneity. To quantify variation, we analyzed mosquito counts from entomological surveillance conducted at three study sites in Uganda that varied in malaria transmission intensity. Mosquito biting or exposure is a risk factor for malaria transmission.

Methods: Using a Bayesian zero-inflated negative binomial model, validated via a comprehensive simulation study, we quantified household differences in malaria vector density and examined its spatial distribution. We introduced a novel approach for identifying changes in vector abundance hotspots over time by computing the Getis-Ord statistic on ratios of household biting propensities for different scenarios. We also explored the association of household biting propensities with housing and environmental covariates.

Results: In each site, there was evidence for hot and cold spots of vector abundance, and spatial patterns associated with urbanicity, elevation, or other environmental covariates. We found some differences in the hotspots in rainy vs. dry seasons or before vs. after the application of control interventions. Housing quality explained a portion of the variation among households in mosquito counts.

Conclusion: This work provided an improved understanding of heterogeneity in malaria vector density at the three study sites in Uganda and offered a valuable opportunity for assessing whether interventions could be spatially targeted to be aimed at abundance hotspots which may increase malaria risk. Indoor residual spraying was shown to be a successful measure of vector control interventions in Tororo, Uganda.  Cement walls, brick floors, closed eaves, screened airbricks, and tiled roofs were features of a house that had shown reduction of household biting propensity. Improvements in house quality should be recommended as a supplementary measure for malaria control reducing risk of infection.
Metrology
Authors: Бавыкин Олег , Bavykin Oleg , Вячеславова Ольга , Vyachyeslavova Olga , Грибанов Дмитрий , Gribanov Dmitriy , Зайцев Сергей , Zaycev Sergey , Парфеньева Ирина , Parfen'eva Irina , Толстов Андрей , Tolstov Andrey
Published: November 2018

The basic provisions of theoretical, applied and legislative Metrology are stated. Examines the theoretical foundations and applied problems of Metrology at the present stage, the historical aspects and provisions of the Metrology of nanotechnology and quantum processes as a special kind of measurement of physical quantities. The main provisions of the Federal law of June 26, 2008 № 102-FZ "on ensuring the unity of measurements"are presented.
It corresponds to the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation.
For students of higher technical educational institutions studying on technical specialties, as a textbook on General professional and special disciplines, as well as for persons interested in measurement and metrological support.
Meta-Analysis of Organizational Trust Studies Conducted in Educational Organizations between the Years 2008-2018
Authors: Akar Huseyin
Published: November 2018

This research aims to combine the results of the studies conducted  in educational organizations between the years 2008-2018 that investigated correlation between organizational trust, and organizational support, organizational citizenship, organizational justice, organizational commitment, mobbing, organizational silence, job satisfaction, organizational cynicism and ethical leadership and obtain an overall result. Within this scope, meta-analytic method was used in the study. A literature review was performed by using the concepts "trust" and "organizational trust".  A total of 43 independent studies were incorporated into the research by considering the selection criteria determined by the researcher. The total sample size (teacher, academician and school administrator) is 22859. The studies included in the research were analyzed according to random effects model (REM). According to the results of the analysis, there is a high positive correlation between organizational trust, organizational justice [r = .70] and ethical leadership [r = .82]; a moderate positive correlation between organizational trust and organizational commitment [r = .51], organizational support [r = .57], organizational citizenship [r = .43] and job satisfaction [r = .61]. In addition, there was a moderate negative correlation between organizational trust, organizational cynicism [r = -.62] and organizational silence [r = -.30]; and also a low negative correlation between organizational trust and mobbing [r = -.24]. Based on these findings, the high level of organizational justice, organizational support and ethical leadership perceptions of the education stakeholders increase level of organizational trust; whereas the high level of organizational trust increases their job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behaviors and organizational commitment, and reduces organizational cynicism and organizational silence perceptions. In addition, employees' exposure to mobbing causes a decrease in organizational trust levels.
The Effect of Mosaic Based Approach on Involvement Levels of Children
Authors: Akyol Tugce , Erkan Nefise Semra
Published: November 2018

This study was conducted to explore the effect of mosaic based approach on children’s involvement levels. In this study, experimental design with pre-test post-test retention control groups was adopted. A total of 52 children from two pre-schools formed the sample of this study. A total of 26 children, 11 girls and 15 boys, attending first pre-school in the afternoon formed the experimental group, and total of 26 children, 11 girls and 15 boys, attending second pre-school in the afternoon formed the control group. In this experimental design, “General Information Form” to collect information about the children and parents together with the Turkish adaptation of “Leuven Involvement Scale for Young Children” to assess children’s involvement levels. Children in the experimental children group received mosaic-based instruction 3 days weekly, for approximately 4 hour each day, for a total of 10 weeks. The data were analyzed by using the Mann Whitney U, Friedman’s Two-Way ANOVA Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed that mosaic-based approach created a significant difference in the involvement levels of experimental group respectively (p<0.05).
Clarification of the type-locality of Nascio chydaea Olliff (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Nascionini), with further notes on its biology, distribution and relationships

Authors: PETERSON MAGNUS
Published: November 2018

The precise type-locality of the infrequently encountered Western Australian species Nascio chydaea Olliff, 1886 is redefined from 28˚44ʹS, 116˚24ʹE to 34˚11ʹS, 118˚19ʹE, and thus George Masters is identified as the original collector and January–February 1869 as the date of collection of its lectotype and paralectotype. The first larval and adult hostplant records, Eucalyptus wandoo and an unidentified Asteraceae species respectively, as well as three further distributional records from south-west Western Australia, are provided for N. chydaea and discussed. A colour photograph of its dorsal habitus is also provided, as well as a distribution map for this species. Relationships, general zoogeography and biology of all Nascio species are briefly discussed.
The Relationship Between Children's Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Dababnah Sarah , Rizo Cynthia Fraga , Campion Karen , Downton Katherine D. , Nichols Helen M.
Published: November 2018

Children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) can experience negative social, emotional, behavioral, and academic outcomes. A growing body of research has examined the relationship between intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and IPV exposure. We systematically reviewed the literature for research exploring this relationship and found a limited number of studies meeting inclusion criteria (N = 11). Over half (64%) identified a significant relationship between IPV and IDD, although the cross-sectional methodologies of the majority of studies (82%) prevented the ability to ascertain directionality. Further, the studies defined and measured IPV and IDD in various ways. Some studies were limited by poor external validity and small sample sizes. More research is needed to understand the intersection between IPV exposure and IDD.
The PRETEND Program: Evaluating the Feasibility of a Remote Parent-Training Intervention for Children With Prader-Willi Syndrome
Authors: Zyga Olena , Russ Sandra W. , Dimitropoulos Anastasia
Published: November 2018

Research has shown that children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) have social-cognitive challenges and decreased quality parent-child interactions. However, given the low prevalence rate, developing interventions for children with PWS is faced with the significant challenge of enrolling enough participants for local studies. To better understand the feasibility and acceptability of telehealth, the current study delivered a 6-week remote parent training intervention to 15 primary caregivers of a child with PWS (ages 3-6). Behavioral Intervention Rating Scale results indicate good acceptability (5.64/6.00) and satisfaction (4.75/5.00) with the intervention. These results are one of the first to support the use of telehealth in conducting parent training in rare disorders, such as PWS.
Immunoregulatory proteins and cytokines in the blood of patients with Graves’ disease
Authors: Maklakova Tatjana P. , Zorina Veronika N. , Yanysheva Anna V. , Mezentseva Ekaterina V. , Zorin Nikolay A.
Published: November 2018

Background. Immunoregulatory proteins (alpha-2-macroglobulin, lactoferrin) actively participate in inflammatory and autoimmune processes, affect synthesis and transport of hormones and cytokines, and control cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the role of these proteins in the pathogenesis of Graves disease (GD) is poorly understood.
Objective the study objective was to determine blood levels of alpha-2-macroglobulin (2-MG), lactoferrin (LF), and cytokines (TNF-, IL-6, IL-8, and IFN-) in GD.
Material and methods. We determined blood levels of TSH, free T4, TSH receptor antibodies, TNF-, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-, and LF by ELISA as well as 2-MG by quantitative rocket immunoelectrophoresis in 50 patients with decompensated and compensated (4―6 months and 1.5―2 years after treatment onset) GD and 25 healthy females (control group).
Results. GD clinically manifested by body weight l in 84% of patients, sinus tachycardia in almost all patients, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in 18% of cases, endocrine ophthalmopathy in 12% of patients, and neurological changes. In decompensated GD, there was a statistically significant increase in levels of IFN-, IL-6, and 2-MG and an especially significant increase in levels of IL-8 and LF. At 4―6 months after treatment onset, clinical manifestations were stopped in all patients, levels of IL-6 and 2-MG decreased, but the concentrations of TSH receptor antibodies (TSHR-Abs), IL-8, IFN-, and LF remained elevated. At 1.5―2 years, levels of the studied proteins and cytokines did not differ from those in the control group.
Conclusion. An increase in blood levels of IL-8, LF, IL-6, and 2-MG in incident or recurrent GD and a decrease in the levels during treatment confirm involvement of immunoregulatory proteins in pathogenesis of the disease.
Phytochemical screening, antibacterial and allelopathic effects of few invasive plants of Kerala
Authors: James Jess Mary , Geethumol C U , Anilkumar Arsha , Selvaraj G
Published: November 2018

Invasive species are often regarded as a threat to native flora. Many of them curtail the normal physiological functioning abilities of the native plants by growing over them, or by producing certain metabolites which control their growth potentials and seed germination abilities. The present study aims to find out the different bioactive compounds like alkaloids and terpenoids responsible for the vast spread of Eupatorium odoratum, Vernonia cinerea, Mikania micrantha, Tridax procumbens, Pilea microphylla and Cuscuta reflexa which are some of the major invasive plants of Kerala. Apart from these negative roles attributed to invasive plants, whether they possessed any beneficial roles was the prime concern of this study. Our study brings to light the allelopathic effects of invasive plants upon legume seeds. Different phytochemicals which are known to produce such effect were present in all these plants. Greatest allelopathic effects were exhibited by C. reflexa and E. odoratum. Against Escherichia coli bacteria, E. odoratum and M. micrantha showed highest zone of inhibition (20 mm, 15 mm) while against Proteus vulgaris bacteria, C. reflexa, M. micrantha and T. procumbens produced inhibition zones of 21 mm, 15 mm and 12 mm. Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, C. reflexa, M. micrantha and E. odoratum produced inhibition zones of 16 mm, 13 mm and 12 mm. Alcoholic extract of V. cinerea showed comparatively high inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (10 mm). V. cinerea showed inhibitiory effects against E. coli, S. aureus and P. vulgaris (11 mm, 10 mm and 9 mm). Similarly, P. microphylla showed inhibition only against P. vulgaris and P. aeruginosa (10 mm and 8 mm).
An Asymmetric Duopoly Model of Price Framing
Authors: Chioveanu Ioana
Published: November 2018

This note considers an asymmetric duopoly model of price-frame competition in homogeneous product markets. The firms choose simultaneously prices and price formats, and frame differentiation limits price comparability leading to consumer confusion. Here, one firm is more salient than its rival and attracts a larger share of confused consumers. In duopoly equilibrium, the firms randomize on both prices and frames, make strictly positive profits, and pricing is frame-independent. However, the prominent firm sets a higher average price and charges the monopoly price with positive probability. Higher prominence boosts expected profit for both the industry and the salient firm but may harm the rival’s expected profit.
Extraction and determination of flavonoids in Carthamus tinctorius
Authors: Ji Yubin , Guo Shizheng , Wang Bing , Yu Miao
Published: November 2018

Carthamus tinctorius L. also known as: Acanthopanax safflower, red blue flower, it is the Compositae genus of safflower. The active ingredient of Chinese medicine safflower are flavonoids. In order to optimize the extraction method of total flavonoids, extraction with an ultrasonic extraction method, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to determine the content. The results show that, the content of flavonoids in Carthamus tinctorius was 20.6mg/g. Compared with the traditional methods, the ultrasonic extraction method can shorten extraction time and reduce energy consumption.
Reflections on English Law Schemes of Arrangement in Distress and Proposals for Reform
Authors: Paterson Sarah
Published: November 2018

The English scheme of arrangement process has, in many ways, proved a reliable friend to distressed companies and their majority finance creditors in the decade following the financial crisis. However, experience of using the scheme process to achieve a debt restructuring has highlighted a number of areas where it could be improved for the present, or to make it more adaptable in the future. This article was written at a time when the Insolvency Service had launched a review of the corporate insolvency framework in the UK (and published many of the responses which it has received to the consultation), and the European Commission had published a proposal for a new Directive setting minimum harmonisation standards for restructuring law. Both the consultation and the proposal have significant implications for the reform agenda, and the Government has published its response to the UK consultation just as this article is going to press. This paper focuses on the introduction of a preliminary moratorium as a gateway to restructuring efforts, the crucial question of how to value the enterprise if a cram down mechanism is introduced and the role of the insolvency practitioner in the scheme context.
Debt Restructuring in Germany
Authors: Bork Reinhard
Published: November 2018

For a long time, German restructuring and insolvency law had no pre-insolvency restructuring scheme binding on dissenting creditors. Only in opened insolvency proceedings a restructuring plan could be used for debt restructuring. Now the German legislators has taken means to improve German law in three ways: first, by updating the German Bond Act (also known as the German Debenture Act), especially through permitting the change of the bond conditions by a majority vote of the creditors if the conditions allow for such majority vote; second, by improving German insolvency law through the “Act for the Further Simplification of Company Restructuring (ESUG)” which enables the debtor to start early restructuring preparation proceedings (“protective umbrella proceedings”); and, third, by announcing the introduction of new pre-insolvency restructuring proceedings as a reaction to the EU Directive proposed by the European Commission on 22 November 2016.
The Singapore Story of Injecting US Chapter 11 into the Commonwealth Scheme
Authors: Wee Meng Seng
Published: November 2018

Singapore’s scheme of arrangement was very similar to that found in most Commonwealth countries. Over the last two decades the scheme has become a popular de facto debtor in possession regime in Singapore used to restructure the debts, both financial and trading, of insolvent companies. The courts have taken a leading role in this development. This success story has an unexpected twist recently. As part of its strategy to develop Singapore into an international centre for debt restructuring, the Government accepted the recommendations of a law review committee to bring in significant elements of the US Chapter 11: an automatic, wide-ranging moratorium, cross-class cram down, super priority lien and pre-packaged schemes. It will be argued that due to the significant differences between the insolvency laws of Singapore and US and the different conceptual framework of the scheme and Chapter 11, there will be a period of uncertainty or even instability while the courts work out ways to harmonise the two different bodies of law. This bold experiment has relevance beyond Singapore. It has close parallels in UK’s imminent reforms and, to a lesser extent, the European draft directive on restructuring.
Path Dependence and Paradox in Harmonizing Out-of-court Procedures across Europe. The Evidence from Italy
Authors: Mangano Renato
Published: November 2018

This paper focuses on the impact that the ‘new approach to business failure’ has had on Italian out-of-court procedures. It will demonstrate that in 2005 Italian law started to embrace the rescue culture of out-of-court procedures by means of a series of reforms; initially, this movement facilitated the incorporation of the ‘new approach to business failure’, but – and this is the paradox – the more law makers and courts remove the old paradigms and introduce new ones, which in principle could make the procedures smoother, cheaper and more efficient, the more the law in the book and the law in action appear to be overloaded with additional prerequisites which make the procedures cumbersome, costly and inefficient.
Characterization of cement composites based on recycled cellulosic waste paper fibres
Authors: Stevulova Nadezda , Hospodarova Viola , Vaclavik Vojtech , Dvorsky Tomas , Danek Tomas
Published: November 2018

Nowadays, there is paying an attention to the utilization of natural, renewable and biodegradable resources of raw materials of lignocellulosic character, residues from agricultural crops and wood processing as well as waste from papermaking industry in building composite materials preparing. Also recycled fibres coming from waste paper are considered as valuable material. The objective of this study is to utilize these recycled cellulosic fibres into cement composites and characterise their impact on resulting physical and mechanical properties of fresh and hardened cement composites. Manufactured cement composites contained 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.5% addition of cellulosic fibres. In fresh fibre cement mixtures reduction in workability with increasing amount of cellulose fibres was noticed. Density as well as compressive and flexural strength of 28 and 90 days hardened fibre cement composites was tested. Distribution of cellulosic fibres with 0.5% addition in hardened fibre cement composites was also observed. The results of density determination of 28 and 90 days hardened fibre cement composites showed reduction in their values related to weight lighter concretes. Compressive strengths of fibre cement composites have shown decreasing character with increasing added amount of cellulosic fibres into the mixture up to 0.5%. Maximal decrease in compressive strength values was observed in composites containing 0.5% of cellulosic fibres. However, obtained strength parameter values of hardened composites had satisfying results for their application in construction as non-load bearing building material.
Independence of Artin L-functions
Authors: Cimpoeaş Mircea , Nicolae Florin
Published: November 2018

Let

K
/
ℚ

{K/\mathbb{Q}}

be a finite Galois extension.
Let

χ
1

,
…
,

χ
r

{\chi_{1},\ldots,\chi_{r}}

be

r
≥
1

{r\geq 1}

distinct characters of the Galois group with the associated Artin L-functions

L
⁢

(
s
,

χ
1

)

,
…
,

L
⁢

(
s
,

χ
r

)

{L(s,\chi_{1}),\ldots,L(s,\chi_{r})}

.
Let

m
≥
0

{m\geq 0}

.
We prove that the derivatives

L

(
k
)

⁢

(
s
,

χ
j

)

{L^{(k)}(s,\chi_{j})}

,

1
≤
j
≤
r

{1\leq j\leq r}

,

0
≤
k
≤
m

{0\leq k\leq m}

, are linearly independent over the field of meromorphic functions of order

<
1

{<1}

.
From this it follows that the L-functions corresponding to the irreducible characters are algebraically independent over the field of meromorphic functions of order

<
1

{<1}

.
Perception of parenting styles by in-school adolescents in South-West Nigeria
Authors: Obimakinde Abimbola Margaret , Omigbodun Olayinka , Adejumo Olurotimi , Adedokun Babatunde
Published: November 2018

Background

Parenting styles can be explained as behavioural strategies parents use to interact with their offspring. It is importance to understand the perception of parenting styles received by adolescents undergoing socio-cognitive development, however, there are few Nigerian studies exploring this topic.

Objective

To describe the perception of parenting styles received by in-school adolescents in South-West Nigeria.

Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional multistage study was conducted among students attending public and private schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. Data was collected by self-administered questionnaires, evaluating socio-demographic characteristics and perception of styles of parenting received by the adolescents.

Result

The prevalent perceived parenting style was the authoritative style (73.1%) and the least perceived was the permissive (3.8%) style. Female adolescents perceived fathers as being more negligent (65.2%), permissive (66.7%) and authoritarian (56.0%) but less authoritative (40.4%) than male adolescents (p = 0.01). Adolescents in lower social class perceived their mothers as more authoritarian (78.6%) and negligent (72.7%) in contrast to adolescents in higher social class (p = 0.889).

Conclusion

Perceived parenting style is the tendency of the adolescent to cognizance the behaviour of parents in a particular manner in all situations and develop a perception about their parents. The prevalent authoritative style is the ideal and most desirable style of parenting worldwide, as it describes parents who maintain a balance between high levels of demandingness and responsiveness, consistently supervising their adolescent’s behaviour and practicing constructive criticism. Other styles of parenting can be perceived by adolescents and may prevail across socio-economic divide, as depicted by this study.
The relationship between anxiety and social support in male and female students in high schools in the southeast of Iran
Authors: Pouraboli Batool , Abazari Faroukh , Abbasi Tahere , Mehdizadeh Ali , Jahani Yunes
Published: November 2018

Introduction

Adolescence is associated with physical, social and personality changes. Adolescents usually face some fears during this period, the removal and adjustment of which requires family and teachers’ support and the lack of attention to the issues of maturity will have negative effects on their health, awareness and self-esteem. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anxiety and social support among male and femaille students in high schools in the southeast of Iran.

Materials and methods

In this cross-sectional study that was conducted as a descriptive comparison, 452 students who were studying in the first period of high school in Kerman (junior high schools) were selected as the entire population by the cluster sampling method and the data collection instruments were: a demographic questionnaire, Philips Social Support Scale and the Cattle Anxiety Scale. As well as descriptive statistics, to test the hypothesis of this study by SPSS software, and in the case of abnormal distribution of each variable, non-parametric tests were used.

Results

The results showed that anxiety in girls is great than in boys, also data analysis through Pearson’s test showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between anxiety and social support in girls (r = −0.428, n = 226, p < 0.001) and boys (r = −0.378, n = 226, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The results of research showed that by increasing perceptions of social support in students, their anxiety decreases. Therefore, paying attention to the social determinants of health such as social support is important and necessary to reduce the anxiety of students.
Koebe domains for the class of typically real functions that are convex in two directions
Authors: Gregorczyk Magdalena , Koczan Leopold
Published: November 2018

In this paper, we discuss the class of typically real functions that are convex in two directions. We determine the Koebe domain for this class and its different representations.
Assessment of heart rate variability for different somatotype category among adolescents
Authors: Subramanian Senthil Kumar , Sharma Vivek Kumar , Rajendran Rajathi
Published: November 2018

Background

Somatotype is a quantified expression of the morphological conformation of a person in terms of three-numeral rating each representing one component; fat (endomorphy), muscle mass (mesomorphy) and bone length (ectomorphy) in the same order. Certain somatotypes are more prone to develop the particular disease. Obesity and overweight are already epidemic among Indian adolescents and are increasing at an alarming rate, and obesity is linked to cardiovascular (CV) risk in this age group. Identifying the heart rate variability (HRV) is an established non-invasive test to identify the CV risk. The objective of this study is to record the HRV data for each somatotype category and to compare the HRV data among these somatotype categories in adolescents.

Methods

The volunteer adolescents in the age group of 12–17 years were classified into a different somatotyping categories based on the Heath Carter somatotyping method. The short-term HRV was recorded in all the subjects using wireless BioHarness 3.0.

Results

Based on the time domain and frequency domain parameters, the parasympathetic activity showed decreasing order as follows: central>ectomorphy>mesomorphy>endomorphy, whereas sympathetic activity showed increasing order as follows: central<ectomorphy<mesomorphy<endomorphy in both boys and girls. Girls have higher parasympathetic activity and lesser sympathetic activity than boys in ectomorphy and mesomorphy. In the central somatotype and endomorphy categories, genders were comparable.

Conclusion

Our study suggests that endomorphy and mesomorphy have poorer autonomic tone when compared to other somatotype categories.
Starch-jute fiber hybrid biocomposite modified with an epoxy resin coating: fabrication and experimental characterization
Authors: Verma Akarsh , Joshi Kamal , Gaur Amit , Singh V. K.
Published: November 2018

In this article, biocomposites derived from a starch-glycerol biodegradable matrix reinforced with jute fibers were fabricated using the wet hand lay-up and compression moulding techniques. Samples having different weight percentages of jute fiber in the starch matrix were analyzed. The fiber’s surface was chemically treated by alkaline sodium hydroxide to improve the interphase bonding between the fiber and the matrix. Tensile tests for the composites were done and the sample with highest tensile strength was selected for further tests that included water absorption (WA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermal analysis (TA). It has been concluded that the ultimate tensile strength was found to be maximum for the composition of 15% fiber by weight composite as 7.547 MPa without epoxy coating and 10.43 MPa with epoxy coating. The major disadvantage of the biocomposite is its high WA property, which in this study was inhibited by the epoxy resin layer. Herein, the results of various tests done disclose a noteworthy improvement in the overall properties of bio-composite, in comparison to the neat biodegradable starch matrix.
Low-coordinate organophosphorus compounds: some stereochemical considerations
Authors: Yoshifuji Masaaki
Published: November 2018

Utilizing 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl as a sterically demanding group (abbreviated as Mes*), we have been successful in isolation, characterization, physical and chemical property investigation of low-coordinate organophosphorus compounds such as those carrying P=P and P=C bonds. Diphosphene, 1-phosphaethene, 1,3-diphosphaallene, 1-phosphaallene, and 3,4-diphosphinidenecyclobutenes are discussed in terms of stereochemistry including E/Z isomerization around P=P or P=C bond and R/S resolution of rotational isomers around crowded P–C bonds with chiral HPLC column. (π-Allyl)palladium complexes ligated with 3,4-diphosphinidenecyclobutene are useful in such catalytic organic reactions as the Tsuji-Trost reaction by which from a chiral s-alcohol, the corresponding chiral amine is obtained with retention of chirality suggesting double inversion process.
Comparison of cyclic fatigue resistance of XP-endo Shaper, HyFlex CM, FlexMaster and Race instruments
Authors: Adiguzel Mehmet , Isken Ipek , Pamukcu Ismail Ilker
Published: November 2018

Background. The aim of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance of XP-endo Shaper, HyFlex CM, FlexMaster and Race rotary instruments at body temperature (37±1°C). Methods. Twenty XP-endo Shaper (#30/.01), 20 HyFlex CM (#30/.04), 20 FlexMaster (#30/.04) and 20 Race (#30/.04) instruments were tested at body temperature (n=20). The instruments were evaluated in artificial canals with a 3-mm radius of curvature and 60° angle of curvature to the center of the 1.5-mm-wide canal. Each instrument was rotated until fracture occurred and the number of cycles to failure (NCF) recorded. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (P<0.05). Results. The difference in the NCF of all the instruments was statistically significant (P<0.05). The order of the instruments from the highest to the lowest NCF was as follows: XP-endo Shaper (3064.0±248.1), HyFlex CM (1120.5±106.1), FlexMaster (569.8±48.4) and Race (445.5±53.5). Conclusion. Under the limitations of the present study, XP-endo Shaper instruments were more resistant to cyclic fatigue than the #30/.04 nickel-titanium rotary instruments immersed in water at simulated body temperature.
An innovative technique for palatal reservoir construction in complete dentures: A case report
Authors: Bharanija K S , Ashok V , Ponsekar Abraham Anandapandian
Published: November 2018

The retention and comfort of wearing prosthesis mainly depends on saliva. In reduced saliva conditions, such as xerostomia or radiation therapy, the oral mucosa tends to become dry and ulcerated, leading to the patient's inability to retain the prosthesis. Various techniques have been reported in the literature regarding the use of a reservoir with holes in dentures. The results have not been satisfactory because the flow of the salivary substitute could not be controlled and with frequent cleaning of the denture being necassary to maintain the patency of the reservoir holes. A newer technique for incorporation of a palatal reservoir with controlled artificial salivary flow in complete denture is being explained in this article, which improved the denture retention, comfort, mastication and speech of the patient.
Gender in the Temple: Women's Ailments in the Epidaurian Miracle Cures
Authors: Scott Calloway
Published: November 2018

This paper compares the cases of female ailments recorded in the Epidaurian Miracles Cures (iamata) with the theory and therapeutics of the Hippocratic gynecological texts as a means of testing the extent of the assumptions shared between temple and Hippocratic medicine. I argue that where temple and Hippocratic practice hold common ground, it is readily explicable through widely circulating and historically rooted cultural presuppositions regarding female physiology and pathology, rather than through scientific borrowings. Rather than representing complementary outlets of medical care in which Asklepios specialized in “hopeless” cases, I suggest that the iamata permit us to observe a process in which parallel medical traditions branched out from a common cultural substratum, and that more nuance is required in framing the relationship between Greek naturalist and religious medicine.
Commenter Térence au XVIe siècle:
Authors: Meerhoff Kees
Published: November 2018

Terence, celebrated author of six comedies, has been studied in many classrooms during Antiquity. A witness of this fact is the extensive commentary by Donatus. Among most fathers of the Church, Terence had a bad press. For Lactantius, the eloquence displayed in comedy is altogether pernicious. Augustine singles out a well-known passage from the Eunuch for censure on several occasions.

In Renaissance education, nonetheless, Terence remained a prerequisite for mastering eloquence. Erasmus strongly recommended him to teachers of his age. Melanchthon's belief in Terence as a master of excellence in everyday Latin and a model of rhetorical skill was strengthened by his positive appraisal of Terence's moral intentions. In the theological philosophy he developed, ancient ethics acquired a prominent place. Disciples of the praæceptor Germaniæ published extensive commentaries on Terence's comedies. J. Willich carefully defined the moral issues of each individual scene in his surprisingly detailed analysis of Terence's comedies. His commentary (1550) enjoyed considerable fame.
EFFECTIVE SELF-RELIANCE TEACHING MODEL USING VISUAL STORYTELLING FOR ELEMENTARY STUDENTS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Mujahidin Endin , Ruhenda Ruhenda , Nasution Syamsuddin Ali
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to design the visual storytelling teaching model addressed to self-reliance and implement it for increasing self-reliance of elementary students. This self-reliance study was focused on three main parameters which were self-command in daily activities, self-confidence and self-decision. This study was performed by survey, teaching materials designing and teaching delivery method implementation. The developed teaching materials were serial stories in animated pictures. Self-reliance was classified in three categories which were very good, good and enough. The result showed that average score of self-reliance of 1,805 students (from 6 schools) for three parameters above was in enough categories. After coaching by storytelling teaching model that involved 287 students and 12 teachers, the score of self-reliance were come up into good categories. The score increased 1.00 and 0.79 point for younger and older class respectively. This visual storytelling strategy was effective for self-reliance development in Indonesia and teachers should be involved intensively more than delivering only. Materials developed in this study are recommended to be applied as co-curricular activities or introduce in regular curriculum.The beneficial of this study is information on the importance of interesting teaching method and role of teacher in building self-reliance.
MENAKAR KEBIJAKAN FULL DAY SCHOOL (Studi Analisis Permendikbud No 23 Tahun 2017)
Authors: Miftah Muhammad
Published: November 2018

The full day school policy stipulated in the regulation of Educationand Culture Minister (Permendikbud) Number 23 of 2017 makesthe anxiety for the education activists who are not ready for theconsequences of this regulation. The anxiety of these educationalactivists began to disappear when Permendikbud No. 23 of2017 was abolished by a higher regulation, namely PresidentialRegulation (Perpres) No. 87 of 2017 which asserted that thefive-day school is an option rather than an obligation. In thisPresidential Decree, there is a gap for educational institutions torun the school hours in accordance with Permendikbud No. 23of 2017. It becomes interesting to be investigated in the realm ofeducational policy. This study analyzes how the emergence of apolicy in education, how to implement and evaluate the policiesthat have been applied especially Permendikbud No 23 of 2017about school hours, because there are still schools and madrasahthat use school hours in accordance with this permendikbud.
PENGEMBANGAN GALANGAN DAUR-ULANG KAPAL RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DI INDONESIA: STUDI KASUS GALANGAN DAUR-ULANG KAPAL DI KAMAL, MADURA
Authors: Akriananta Wasis , Suastika Ketut
Published: November 2018

Daur-ulang kapal (ship recycling) pada saat ini dianggap sebagai solusi terbaik untuk kapal usang. Melalui proses daur ulang, material yang dibongkar menjadi produk lagi dan dapat masuk kembali dalam rantai pasok pasar. Industri ship- recycling yard harus merumuskan metode pengedokan, pengupasan, pemotongan, dan penanganan material (material handling) terbaik dengan memadukan kegiatan rekayasa untuk menghasilkan produk yang berkualitas. Pengembangan galangan daur-ulang kapal menjadi green ship-recycling yard dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan fasilitas, update teknologi dan proses daur ulang yang ramah lingkungan sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku, baik nasional maupun internasional. Dalam penelitian ini,metode pengambilan keputusan yang digunakan untuk analisis teknis adalah Analytic Network Process (ANP). Hasil analisis teknis untuk galangan daur-ulang kapal di Kamal, Madura, merekomendasikan: (i) metode slipway untuk pengedokan, (ii) metode dry ice blasting untuk pengupasan, (iii) metode oxy acetylene untuk pemotongan, dan (iv) metode mobile crane crawler untuk penanganan material. Selanjutnya, hasil analisis ekonomis (kelayakan usaha) menunjukkan bahwa green ship-recycling yard sebagai usaha daur-ulang kapal layak untuk dikembangkan.
Construction of the Queensferry Crossing and approach roads in Scotland (part 2)
Authors: Climie David , Shackman Lawrence
Published: November 2018

The £1·34 billion Queensferry Crossing over the Firth of Forth in Scotland opened to traffic in 2017. As reported in the authors’ 2016 paper in this journal, three design-and-build contracts for the works were awarded in 2011 varying in size from £13 million to £790 million, all under the original project estimates. The crossing opened within 10 weeks of the contract programme and £250 million under budget despite adverse weather conditions. This paper, published in two parts, covers the construction period and the challenges overcome in delivering the largest Scottish infrastructure project in a generation. This second part covers the approach viaducts and roads; structural health monitoring system; deck finishing works; community engagement and benefits; outturn cost and programme; and the opening.
Urban Social Media Inequality
Authors: Индако Агустин , Манович Лев
Published: November 2018

Social media content shared today in cities, such as Instagram images, their tags and descriptions, is the key form of contemporary city life. It tells people where activities and locations that interest them are and it allows them to share their urban experiences and self-representations.

Therefore, any analysis of urban structures and cultures needs to consider social media activity. In our paper, we introduce the novel concept of social media inequality. This concept allows us to quantitatively compare pattern in social media activities between parts of a city, a number of cities, or any other spatial areas. We define this concept using an analogy with the concept of economic inequality. Economic inequality indicates how some economic characteristics or material resources, such as income, wealth or consumption are distributed in a city, country or between countries. Accordingly, we can define social media inequality as the measures of distribution of characteristics of social media content shared in a particular geographic area or between areas. An example of such characteristics is the number of photos shared by all users of a social network such as Instagram in a given city or city area, or the content of these photos.

We propose that the standard inequality measures used in other disciplines, such as the Gini coefficient, can also be used to characterize social media inequality. To test our ideas, we use a dataset of 7,442,454 public geo-coded Instagram images shared in Manhattan during five months (March — July) in 2014, and also selected data for 287 Census tracts in Manhattan. We compare patterns in Instagram sharing for locals and for visitors for all tracts, and also for hours in a 24 hour cycle. We also look at relations between social media inequality and socio-economic inequality using selected indicators for Census tracts. The inequality of Instagram images shared in Manhattan turns out to be bigger than inequalities in levels of income, rent, and unemployment.
Agua subterránea y riego mecanizado: distinción y vulnerabilidad social ante el riesgo de sequía entre los agricultures de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Riera Constanza
Published: November 2018

En este trabajo nos proponemos recuperar el concepto de vulnerabilidad social ante la sequía para analizar la incidencia de la adopción de riego con agua subterránea en la construcción social del riesgo. Desde una perspectiva relacional y cualitativa, situamos el análisis de la vulnerabilidad social en el marco de la teoría de las prácticas sociales de Pierre Bourdieu. A partir de un estudio de caso en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, describimos los capitales que tienen aquellos agricultores que optan por la inversión en riego mecanizado. En un medio agroecológico donde la sequía es el principal condicionante ambiental y es vista por los productores como un peligro, entendemos dicha adopción tecnológica como una estrategia clave para la mediana agricultura familiar. Como resultado mostramos de qué modo el riego con agua subterránea no sólo disminuye la vulnerabilidad ante la sequía de los regantes, sino que amplifica la vulnerabilidad de los productores de secano. En este sentido, esta tecnología tiene un efecto diferenciador sobre las condiciones de vulnerabilidad, en tanto tiende a reproducir la desigualdad entre los productores.