bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Testing The Effectiveness Of Burns Healing Of Gel Preparations Jatropagar ( Jatropha Curcas L) Leaf Extract On Male White Rats ( Rattus Norvegicus)
Authors: Angelina Tamo Inya  , Ivan Junius Mesak
Published: May 2024

Indonesia has a variety of traditional medicinal plants for treating burns. One of them is Jatropha leaves which contain active substances such as saponins, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids which have antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of Jatropha leaf preparations with extract concentrations of 10%, 15%, 20% on healing burns. This research stage includes plant determination, simplicia making, extract making, phytochemical screening testing, physical quality testing of gel preparations and animal testing. The research was experimental by comparing the effectiveness of healing burns in grouped mice and Jatropha leaf extract gel preparations and the most effective formula for healing burn wounds was Jatropha leaf extract gel preparations at concentrations of 10%, 15%, 20%. Statistical test results showed that there was a difference in the duration of healing of burn wounds in male white rats between Jatropha curcas (Jatropha curcas L) leaf gel preparations with concentrations of 10%, 15%, 20%, bioplaceton gel and gel base.
Towards A Smart City Concept - Machine Learning Smarts for the Estimation of Future Temperature Rise in Tabuk City
Authors: AlBalawi Eman
Published: May 2024

In the Middle Eastern peninsula especially in Saudi Arabia, there is a varsity temperature variation among the individual regions. As far as the city of Tabuk is concerned, no study has been conducted, regarding climate change (the temperature rise) in the Tabuk region and its implications on society and for the flagship “Future Smart Cities” concept. In this paper, machine learning algorithms are used to predict the future temperature values in the Tabuk region. The machine learning algorithms were trained on the data collected from the real-time weather radar stations of the region. Different features from the dataset are used for machine learning models to predict the future temperature. These unique features, for example, humidity and pressure, impact the accurate predictability of the temperature. Temperature prediction is modelled as a regression problem due to the nature of the data, therefore, different machine learning regression models were developed, i.e., Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) or Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Decision Trees (DT), K-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), and Support Vector Regression (SVR). The preliminary results shown in this paper are encouraging and produced 90% accuracy on the testing dataset. We envisage that the findings will inform decision-makers of the Climate and Weather Ministry of Tabuk City, eventually providing a step towards the Smart City’s Concept in Future.
Revisiting Notions of Madness: A Brief Review from Feminist Lens
Authors: Annie
Published: May 2024

The article is a review of the term ‘madness’ as defined by prominent scholars in psychology, philosophy and literature. Through differing versions and definitions of the concept, attempts are made to blur the superficial yet pragmatically essential distinction between ‘normal’ and ‘mad’ and ‘healthy’ and ‘ill’ which has laid the foundations of modern psychiatry and clinical psychology. Though the debate holds relevance across gender identities, for this paper this division and its implications are discussed in the context of women, their lived experiences and their categorization as ‘patients’. The paper raises critical arguments for practitioners and scholars in the field of mental health to question structural givens of their discipline, seeking a dialogue that provides a more wholesome view on women and madness.
FUNGSI-FUNGSI BAZNAS DAN LAZNAS MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2011 TENTANG PENGELOLAAN ZAKAT
Authors: Khan Raihan
Published: May 2024

Lembaga pengelola zakat di Indonesia terdiri dari lembaga yang didirikan oleh pemerintah dan lembaga yang didirikan oleh masyarakat.(Ernawati, 2016) Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) merupakan salah satu lembaga yang dibawahi oleh Kementerian Agama dalam urusan penghimpunan, pendistribusian dan pendayagunaan zakat pada suatu wilayah dengan tujuan untuk memberantas kemiskinan.(Utami, 2021) Lembaga Amil Zakat (LAZ) adalah institusi pengelola zakat yang sepenuhnya di bentuk oleh masyarakat dan di kukuhkan oleh pemerintah untuk melakukan kegiatan pengumpulan, pendistribusian, dan pendayagunaan zakat sesuai ketentuan agama islam.(Khairun Nisa, 2022) Dalam hal ini, Lembaga Amil Zakat Nasional (LAZNAS) merupakan lembaga zakat yang dibentuk dari inisiatif masyarakat dalam menghimpun zakat di daerah-daerah yang sulit untuk dijangkau oleh BAZNAS, sehingga BAZNAS memiliki peran dalam mengawasi dan menganalisis setiap kegiatan LAZNAS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengenali amil zakat yang ada di Indonesia peran serta fungsinya dalam mengelola zakat serta membedakan antara Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) dan Lembaga Amil Zakat Nasional (LAZNAS) dalam menghimpun dan menyalurkan dana zakat kepada masyarakat. Metode kajian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode deskriptif analitis, dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dalam menganalisis ayat-ayat Al-Qur’’an yang berkaitan dengan zakat dan kemiskinan. Data yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah ayat-ayat Al-Qur’’an dan tafsirnya, serta literatur-literatur Islam yang membahas zakat. Peran BAZNAS (Badan Amil Zakat Nasional) dalam pengelolaan zakat dan pembangunan sosial ekonomi masyarakat sangat penting. Berikut adalah beberapa peran utama BAZNAS: Pengumpulan Zakat, Distribusi Zakat, serta Pemberdayaan Ekonomi.(Baidowi, 2018) Di Indonesia dengan kondisi ekonomi saat ini apabila dapat menerapkan sistem zakat dengan baik, maka dapat dipastikan dapat meningkatkan tingkat kesejahteraan bagi masyarakatnya.(Khairun Nisa, 2022)
MANAJEMEN PENDISTRIBUSIAN ZAKAT, INFAQ, DAN SEDEKAH
Authors: Khan Raihan
Published: May 2024

Zakat adalah satu rukun yang bercorak sosial-ekonomi dari lima rukun Islam. Dengan zakat, di samping ikrar tauhid (syahadat) dan salat, seorang individu baru sah masuk ke dalam barisan umat Islam dan diakui keIslamannya. Delapan golongan penerima zakat, pada dasarnya memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda. Kebutuhan seorang fakir dan miskin dengan seorang amil zakat tentu sangat berbeda, begitu pula dengan golongan lainnya.(FIrdaningsih, Muhammad Sri Wahyudi, 2019) Dalam kegiatan distribusi, islam memberikan norma etis tentang bagaimana seharusnya umat islam bersikap dermawan. Jadi, kegiatan distribusi dalam islam ada dua orientasi, pertama adalah menyalurkan rezki(harta kekayaan) kedua berkenaan dengan mempertukarkan hasil-hasil produksi dan daya ciptanya kepada orang lain yang membutuhkan.(Muhazir, 2021) Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui alur serta bentuk pendistribusian zakat yang efektif sehingga dapat mencapai lapisan-lapisan masyarakat dalam memberikan manfaat secara optimal dari zakat kepada Mustahik. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur, yang melibatkan pengumpulan data melalui pencatatan, penelusuran sumber-sumber tertulis, atau analisis dokumen. Penyaluran dana zakat adalah suatu pembagian harta yang telah di keluarkan muzaki berdasarkan ketentuan harta dengan sistem telah mencapai nisab kepada mustahiq yang dapat menerimanya. Penyaluran zakat secara produktif diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan mustahik serta mampu merubah yang semula mustahiq menjadi muzaki.(Puspitasari, 2022) Usaha produktif adalah setiap usaha yang dapat menghasilkan keuntungan (profitable), mempunyai market yang potensial serta mempunyai managemen yang bagus, selain itu usaha-usaha tersebut adalah milik para fakir miskin yang menjadi mustahiq zakat dan bergerak di bidang yang halal. Usaha-usaha seperti inilah yang menjadi sasaran zakat produktif. Dalam pendistribusinnya diperlukan adanya lembaga amil zakat yang amanah dan kredibel yang mampu untuk me-manage distribusi ini.(Safradji, 2018)
Exploring Bioactive Compounds in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Stem and their biological activities: Integration of GC-MS and LC-MS Techniques
Authors: Dinore Jaysing Mahavirsing , Patil Harshal Shivaji , Farooqui Samreen Fatema , Nagare Krishna Raju , Ambhore Jalindar Sakharam , Farooqui Mazahar
Published: May 2024

Cajanus cajan, a well-known legume crop with nutritional significance, has been used traditionally for various therapeutic purposes. Despite its ethnomedicinal importance and rich metabolite composition, there have been limited investigations into the secondary metabolites present in its stems using advanced analytical techniques. This study aimed to enhance our understanding of the chemical composition and biological activities of underutilized C. cajan stems. GC-MS & LC-MS analysis revealed flavonoids as the stem's predominant secondary metabolites. The methanol extract exhibited potent antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans. Major bioactive compounds, including rutin, apiin, quercetrin, and aesculine, contributed to these beneficial effects. The study also revealed a high total phenolic content of 121.5 mg GAE/g in the stem extract, further establishing C. cajan stems as a valuable source of therapeutic molecules.
Safeguarding Data
Authors: Cearns Jennifer , Knox Hannah
Published: May 2024

Over the past decade, data-driven systems have transformed how UK public services engage with the population. This ethnographic study, conducted in one of the United Kingdom's poorest boroughs, investigates the implementation of a machine learning data system for identifying at-risk children in need of safeguarding. It examines the concept of a ‘data consensus’ amongst council workers pursuing the ‘public good’. Within this consensus, the article explores contrasting stances on data's potential, namely that of data scientists, who use it as a tool to predict human behaviour and prevent harm, and social workers, who resist the notion that a person is predictable and therefore incapable of change. This reveals the political implications of these opaque algorithmic systems as various groups harness data in the name of public benefit.
Afterword: From Number Politics to Infrastructure Politics
Authors: Milan Stefania
Published: May 2024

Data infrastructures are the scaffolding of the present. This afterword centres on this claim by broadening the question that animates the special issue – what does lived data politics look like? – to the question of ‘where’ it is taking place today. It extends the gaze to the systemic transformation subtending contemporary data production, which I term ‘governance by data infrastructure.’ This pervasive form of number politics represents the most recent rearrangement in matters of governance of the social. It centers regulatory data infrastructures as the preferred mode of managing complexity, bringing the industry to the kernel of the state. Furthermore, the article asks what it means to think from an anthropological vantage point considering these developments, and what fruitful methodological avenues for research this may open.
Assessing the Translation Proficiency of ChatGpt: An In- depth Analysis of its Language Translation Competence
Authors: Yousaf Nouman , nil Izhar , Khalid Shahbaz
Published: May 2024

The study examines the precision of human and machine translation. Discussing these topics is crucial at this moment. Technology is an integral aspect of our daily lives, yet it has also led to some concerning issues. This essay examines the areas where machine translations excel and those that still necessitate human involvement. There are certain translations that machines are unable to execute. There are many places where only humans can translate texts perfectly. This study utilises ChatGPT as a translation tool, providing it with three types of random text: newspaper paragraphs, idiomatic expressions, and poetic verses. The best translation technique and the translation process of an AI tool are evaluated by cross-checking and examining the provided result. Is it reliable? It also discusses the role of machine translation and its impact on human translators. The study selected English and Urdu as its languages of focus. The target language is English, and the source language is Urdu.
Reader's Response to Achebe's Civil Peace
Authors: Abbas Faheem , Fatima Behmissal
Published: May 2024

This study aims to explore the personal interpretation of the reader of the short story "Civil Peace" using Norman Holland's Reader's Response vehicle. The study is based on a qualitative method, where the text of the story is subjected to the reader's interpretation to identify personality traits, familiar character traits, familiar plot events, and familiar settings. Findings reveal that the reader's interpretation is highly influenced by the major character of the story, Jonathan Iwegbu. The reader connects himself with Iwegbu at the first stage. In the second stage, Iwegbu's struggle seems similar to that of a person the reader knows, Ahmad. In the third stage, Iwegbu's response at moments of miracles and crises connects the reader with events in his personal life, showing unity with this character. Lastly, the reader appreciates Achebe's use of vernacular language as the best tool to depict real events in a realistic style. This study is a significant contribution to the current literature, providing insights into the reader's experience of "Civil Peace.
Fate or Fortune: Madame Loisel's Path in 'The Necklace' - A Debate of Destiny versus Choice
Authors: Izhar Muhammad , Arbab Sheeza , Hameed Iqra
Published: May 2024

This research looks at fate and choice in Guy de Maupassant's "The Necklace" under the prism of existentialism. When Madame Loisel misplaces the pricey diamond necklace she was given to wear to a public function, her private life is completely turned upside down. Madame's conduct and perceptions of her surroundings are examined in this study using existentialist theories to understand her existential ideas about autonomy, freedom, responsibility, and the need for meaning in the world. This study reveals existence-based conceptions of authenticity and self-identity and investigates how her early beliefs in money and social standing will affect her decisions throughout life. This analysis demonstrates how Madame Loisel's tale illustrates the conflict between accepting one's fate and making one's owndecisions. Supplying a more profound comprehension of human nature and existence.
A Critical Study of Text Interpretation in the Novel, "A Case of Exploding Mangoes in the Light of Historicism"
Authors: Mengal Kiran , Khanda Gul
Published: May 2024

The study of Hanif's historic novel "A Case of Exploding Mangoes" (2008), involves interpreting history in the light of new realities and reflecting on the cultural context. Hanif effectively portrays the authentic historical context of Pakistani society, allowing for a more insightful and creative interpretation of history. This study examines the historical fiction "A Case of Exploding Mangoes" (2008) by Hanif, employing the New Historicism theory. The objective of the study is to analyze and evaluate literary texts in a critical manner, allowing students to have a comprehensive understanding of the text. The study is a qualitative analysis that applies Greenblatt's theory of "New Historicism" (1980) to examine a text within its socio-cultural and historical framework, including the cultural setting. The study found that understanding a work within the context of socio-cultural factors leads to the creation of more imaginative literary interpretations as a whole.
A Corpus-based Ecosophical Analysis of Discourse Produced Around the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
Authors: Faraz Humera , Saleem Muhammad , Mehmood Tariq
Published: May 2024

This research explores the Ecosophy of discourse produced around the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). The study starts with building a corpus of texts, taken from the official website of the CPEC. The list of 18 key words was made, based on three United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) out of 17 goals. Theoretical framework of Stibbe’s (2015) ecocritical discourse perspective is used to develop the Ecosophy of the CPEC, while analytical framework is based on three UN sustainable development goals outlined in 2015. Corpus linguistics as a methodology is used to undergo quantitative and qualitative analysis. In quantitative analysis, collocates were analyzed by identifying Mutual Information (MI) score. The highest MI score (11.26013) is gained by the collocation named CPEC-Deforestation and the lowest is of CPEC-Water (0.87352) which show that the infrastructure project of the CPEC caused deforestation and less affected water.
Spin in traumatic brain injury literature: prevalence and associated factors. A systematic review
Authors: Porto de Oliveira João Vitor Miranda , de Oliveira Júnior André Luiz Freitas , de Freitas Martins Lucas Piason , Dourado Henrique Nascimento , Purificação Isaac Rego , Kolias Angelos G. , Paiva Wellingson Silva , Solla Davi Jorge Fontoura
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

Spin is characterized as a misinterpretation of results that, whether deliberate or unintentional, culminates in misleading conclusions and steers readers toward an excessively optimistic perspective of the data. The primary objective of this systematic review was to estimate the prevalence and nature of spin within the traumatic brain injury (TBI) literature. Additionally, the identification of associated factors is intended to provide guidance for future research practices.

METHODS

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations were followed. A search of the MEDLINE/PubMed database was conducted to identify English-language articles published between January 1960 and July 2020. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that exclusively enrolled TBI patients, investigating various interventions, whether surgical or nonsurgical, and that were published in high-impact journals. Spin was defined as 1) a focus on statistically significant results not based on the primary outcome; 2) interpreting statistically nonsignificant results for a superiority analysis of the primary outcome; 3) claiming or emphasizing the beneficial effect of the treatment despite statistically nonsignificant results; 4) conclusion focused in the per-protocol or as-treated analysis instead of the intention-to-treat (ITT) results; 5) incorrect statistical analysis; or 6) republication of a significant secondary analysis without proper acknowledgment of the primary outcome analysis result. Primary outcomes were those explicitly reported as such in the published article. Studies without a clear primary outcome were excluded. The study characteristics were described using traditional descriptive statistics and an exploratory inferential analysis was performed to identify those associated with spin. The studies’ risk of bias was evaluated by the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.

RESULTS

A total of 150 RCTs were included and 22% (n = 33) had spin, most commonly spin types 1 and 3. The overall risk of bias (p < 0.001), a neurosurgery department member as the first author (p = 0.009), absence of a statistician among authors (p = 0.042), and smaller sample sizes (p = 0.033) were associated with spin.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of spin in the TBI literature is high, even at leading medical journals. Studies with higher risks of bias are more frequently associated with spin. Critical interpretation of results and authors’ conclusions is advisable regardless of the study design and published journal.
Changing practice to improve quality of life in glioma
Authors: Wassef Catherine E. , Cain Sarah A. , Drummond Katharine J.
Published: May 2024

As treatment for glioma advances, with an attendant improvement in length of patient survival, the quality of that survival has rightly become an increasingly important patient-centered metric, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) an important outcome measure. HRQOL is a self-assessed, multidimensional concept encompassing the physical, emotional, and social components of quality of life associated with illness and its treatment. Neurosurgeons caring for patients with gliomas should be aware of the latest research on HRQOL to understand mechanisms by which it can be improved. Neurosurgical outcomes related to surgical complications and neurological deficits can be important determinants of HRQOL and are well understood by neurosurgeons. However, an understanding of more general or global determinants of HRQOL not commonly addressed in the clinic, and implementation of the attendant evidence-based interventions to address them, would be transformative. The authors explore HRQOL determinants related to patient-, social-, tumor-, and treatment-related factors, with a particular emphasis on the strongest determinants, fatigue, sleep disturbance, anxiety, depression, neurocognitive dysfunction, caregiver distress, and end-of-life concerns. Evidence-based interventions are reviewed, including fatigue management, cognitive rehabilitation, insomnia interventions exercise, caregiver training, palliative care, and an overall multidisciplinary team approach. Lastly, features of a program are outlined that would embed HRQOL in neurosurgical care to the benefit of both patients and staff.
Development of an adjustable patient-specific rigid guide to improve the accuracy of external ventricular catheter placement
Authors: Pathak Sami M. , Licata Joseph P. , Graves Erin K. M. , Gerstenhaber Jonathan A. , Erkmen Kadir
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

The most common method for external ventricular drain (EVD) placement is the freehand approach, which has reported inaccuracy rates of 12.3%–44.9%, especially in the case of altered ventricular anatomy. Current assistive devices require added time or equipment or do not account for shifted ventricles. To improve the accuracy of emergent EVD placement in the setting of altered ventricular anatomy, the authors designed a patient-specific EVD (PS-EVD) guide.

METHODS

The PS-EVD guide has a tripod base and a series of differently angled inserts that lock in place at multiple rotational positions, allowing for numerous insertion angles. For testing, the authors designed a 3D-printed phantom skull with a gelatin brain analog containing ventricles simulating normal and altered ventricular anatomy. Low-resolution CT scans of the phantom were used to calculate the insertion angle in relation to the standard perpendicular entry. The corresponding insert at the correct rotational position within the base unit was positioned over the entry point on the phantom, and the catheter was inserted. Accuracy was evaluated with repeat CT scans.

RESULTS

With normal ventricular anatomy, as well as abnormally shifted ventricles, proper use of the PS-EVD guide led to accurate catheter insertion into the ventricle in trials, as confirmed on coronal and sagittal CT images, including cases in which a perpendicular trajectory, such as with the Ghajar guide, was insufficient.

CONCLUSIONS

The PS-EVD guide allows consistent and accurate EVD placement in phantom skulls with both normal and altered ventricular anatomy. Further trials comparing this device to the freehand approach are required.
Comparison between Woven EndoBridge and coiling with and without stent assistance for intracranial bifurcation and wide-neck aneurysms: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Maroufi Seyed Farzad , Fallahi Mohammad Sadegh , Waqas Muhammad , Levy Elad I.
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

The recent introduction of the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) has presented an alternative treatment modality for intracranial bifurcation and wide-neck aneurysms with a growing body of literature evaluating its efficacy. However, no previous systematic review has focused on comparing WEB with previously using endovascular approaches, specifically primary coiling (PC) and stent-assisted coiling (SAC). Herein, the authors present the first systematic review summarizing available literature to reach a consensus regarding the safety and effectiveness of WEB.

METHODS

A systematic review of articles identified through a search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted. Studies were included if they compared WEB with PC or SAC from any aspect for intracranial aneurysms. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies–of Interventions tool. Meta-analyses of the outcomes based on stent use and rupture status were performed.

RESULTS

A total of 16 studies were included. The three endovascular approaches were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics except for older age and smaller aneurysm neck in the PC group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the follow-up duration was shorter in the WEB group (p < 0.05). Although the WEB group demonstrated lower complete and adequate immediate occlusion rates (p < 0.01), the rates at follow-up evaluations were comparable with SAC and PC (p = 0.61 and p = 0.27, respectively). The WEB group experienced significantly fewer unfavorable neurological outcomes than the SAC group (p = 0.04), while comparable to the PC group (p = 0.36). Retreatment rates were comparable between WEB and coiling (p = 0.92). The WEB group had fewer hemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications (p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively), with similar neurological and procedure-related complications compared with combined PC and SAC groups. Lastly, mortality was comparable among the different endovascular approaches.

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides evidence on the noninferiority of WEB compared with PC and SAC in terms of angiographic outcomes. Meanwhile, our findings on lower complication rates, cost, and improved operative aspects associated with WEB establish this novel endovascular treatment as a safe and effective alternative for the treatment of bifurcation and wide-neck aneurysms.
An early case of successful peripheral nerve repair in 1880: Francis L. Parker, MD
Authors: Hubbard Zachary S. , Cunningham Conor M. , Saway Brian Fabian , Weber Aimee C. , Sowlat Mohammad Mahdi , Henderson Fraser C. , Patel Sunil , Varma Abhay
Published: May 2024

The modern technique of epineural suture repair, along with a detailed reporting of functional restoration, came from Carl Hueter in 1873. While there is extensive information on peripheral nerve surgery throughout recorded history leading up to the 1800s, little early American scientific literature is available. While Schwann, Nissl, and Waller were publishing their work on nerve anatomy and physiology, Francis LeJau Parker was born. The South Carolina native would go on to describe one of the first American cases of peripheral nerve repair with the restoration of function. Francis Parker was born in 1836 in Abbeville, South Carolina. He gained local notoriety as one of the first American surgeons to suture a severed nerve, resulting in restored function. The case dates back to 1880, when a patient presented to his clinic with severing of the posterior interosseous nerve. The details of this case come from the archives of the South Carolina Medical Association. The authors reviewed these records in detail and provide a case description of nerve repair not previously reported in the modern literature. The history, neurological examination, and details of the case provide insight into the adroit surgical skills of Dr. Parker.
What to do with an incidental finding of a fused sagittal suture: a modified Delphi study
Authors: Chiang Sarah N. , Reckford Jocelyn , Alexander Allyson L. , Birgfeld Craig B. , Bonfield Christopher M. , Couture Daniel E. , David Lisa R. , French Brooke , Gociman Barbu , Goldstein Jesse A. , Golinko Michael S. , Kestle John R. W. , Lee Amy , Magge Suresh N. , Pollack Ian F. , Rottgers S. Alex , Runyan Christopher M. , Smyth Matthew D. , Wilkinson C. Corbett , Skolnick Gary B. , Strahle Jennifer M. , Patel Kamlesh B.
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE

As many as 5% of normocephalic children may have a prematurely fused sagittal suture, yet the clinical significance and best course of management of this finding remain unclear. Providers in the Synostosis Research Group were surveyed to create a multicenter consensus on an optimal treatment and monitoring algorithm for this condition.

METHODS

A four-round modified Delphi method was utilized. The first two rounds consisted of anonymous surveys distributed to 10 neurosurgeons and 9 plastic surgeons with expertise in craniosynostosis across 9 institutions, and presented 3 patients (aged 3 years, 2 years, and 2 months) with incidentally discovered fused sagittal sutures, normal cephalic indices, and no parietal dysmorphology. Surgeons were queried about their preferred term for this entity and how best to manage these patients. Results were synthesized to create a treatment algorithm. The third and fourth feedback rounds consisted of open discussion of the algorithm until no further concerns arose.

RESULTS

Most surgeons preferred the term "premature fusion of the sagittal suture" (93%). At the conclusion of the final round, all surgeons agreed to not operate on the 3- and 2-year-old patients unless symptoms of intracranial hypertension or papilledema were present. In contrast, 50% preferred to operate on the 2-month-old. However, all agreed to utilize shared decision-making, taking into account any concerns about future head shape and neurodevelopment. Panelists agreed that patients over 18 months of age without signs or symptoms suggesting elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) should not undergo surgical treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

Through the Delphi method, a consensus regarding management of premature fusion of the sagittal suture was obtained from a panel of North American craniofacial surgeons. Without signs or symptoms of ICP elevation, surgery is not recommended in patients over 18 months of age. However, for children younger than 18 months, surgery should be discussed with caregivers using a shared decision-making process.
Pengaruh Quality of Work Life dan Keadilan Organisasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Aparat Pemerintahan Desa Simpang Tiga Jaya Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir
Authors: Oktariansyah Oktariansyah , Paroga Andre Oskar , Mulyani Agus , Rosadian Aprizal
Published: May 2024

ABSTRAK
 
Studi ini dilakukan dengan tujuan buat menilai hipotesis mengenai dampak qualitys of works life dan keadilan organisasi suatu tingkat kepuasan kerja. Teknik studi yang diterapkan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif asosiatif. Seluruh aparat pemerintahan desa menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini yang totalnya 67 orang pada desa Simpang Tiga Jaya kabupaten ogan komering ilir. teknik kutipan sampel pada studi ini memanfaatkan teknik sampel jenuh. Sumber data akan digunakan terdiri dari data primer akan diperoleh melalui peredaran pertanyaan untuk responden, dan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan melalui dokumentasi serta studi pustaka akan relevan melalui penelitian. Teknik analisis data akan diterapkan mencakup uji linier berganda, uji koefisien korelasi, dan uji koefisien determinasi (R2). Uji hipotesis yang dilakukan melibatkan uji t dan uji F. Dari hasil uji t, didapatkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,00 untuk variabels qualitys of work life dan keadilan organisasi. Oleh karena itu, bisa disimpulkan bahwa secara parsial, keduanya memiliki pengaruh. Sementara itu, hasil uji F menunjukkan skors signifikansi sebesar 0,00 pada variabel kepuasan kerja, menunjukkan bahwa qualitys of works life dan keadilan organisasi secara bersama-sama atau simultan berpengaruh suatu kepuasan kerja pegawai.
 
Kata Kunci: Quality of Work Life, Keadilan Organisasi, Kepuasan Kerja.
 
ABSTRACT
 
The objective of this study is to examine the hypothesis regarding the impact of quality of work life and organizational justice on job satisfaction. The utilized approach is quantitative associative. The research population comprises all government officials, totaling 67 individuals, in Simpang Tiga Jaya village, Ogan Komering Ilir district. The sampling method employed is a saturated sampling technique. Data for this study are gathered through primary means by distributing questionnaires to respondents, and secondary data are collected through documentation and relevant literature studies. The data analysis methods include multiple linear tests, correlation coefficient tests, and determination coefficient tests (R2). The hypothesis tests employed include the t-test and F-test. The t-test results yielded significant values of 0.00 for both the quality of work life and organizational justice variables, leading to the partial conclusion that they may have an impact individually. As for the F-test results, with a significant value of 0.00 for the job satisfaction variable, it is inferred that the quality of work life and organizational justice collectively or simultaneously influence employee job satisfaction.
 
Keywords : Quality of Work Life, Organizational Justice, Job Satisfaction.
Israel: A Problem the World Created (And Now Appears Unable to Solve)
Authors: Lloyd Michael
Published: May 2024

The article takes the view that the conflict in Gaza, involving Israel and Hamas cannot be viewed objectively by assuming that the conflict started on October 7th, 2024. Rather is the conflict a reflection of the pattern of such events and related actions by Israel as the occupying power over 75 years since the declaration of the state of Israel on May 24th, and indeed related conflicts in Palestine prior to that declaration.

The article briefly examines to origins of Zionism as an ethic nationalism in the rise of nationalisms in the final 30 years or so of the 19th century. It remarks in particular on the rise of and persistence of Revisionist Zionism and its European neo-liberal roots. It explores the development of Zionism and how it has morphed into a political instrument, going well beyond a benign ethnic nationalism.

However, aside from documenting many of the repressive actions of the successive government of Israel since the inception of the state and arguing that Israel’s action following October 7th have been disproportionate, the article explores two potential permanent and practical solutions to the successive conflicts in Palestine: a two-state solution and a confederal solution, both to be guaranteed internationally.

The aim of any settlement, it os argued, must provide security and integrity for the state of Israel and the establishment of a similarly recognized and protected Palestinian state.

A variety of sources, including Jewish sources, have been used and referenced.
Unveiling the Layers of Societal Oppression: A Critical Analysis of Toni Morrison’s “The Bluest Eye”
Authors: Rose Sahaya Babina , Kavitha R. , Mwale Richard
Published: May 2024

Toni Morrison's novel "The Bluest Eye" intricately delves into the intersections of race, gender, identity, and beauty within the African American community. By following characters such as Pecola Breedlove, Pauline Breedlove, and Cholly Breedlove, Morrison skillfully navigates the intricate web of societal norms and their profound influence on individual psyche and community dynamics. This research article offers a thorough analysis of Morrison's examination of internalized racism, sexism, and the pursuit of self-definition amid oppressive societal standards
Effect of Transcutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation on the Overactive Bladder in Women with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rahmani Atousa , Dehghan Manshadi Farideh ,   Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shoukouhi Nasim ,   Department of Gynecology, Yas University Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Akbarzadeh Baghban Alireza ,   Department of Biostatistics, Proteomics Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent metabolic conditions in the world. One of its consequences is overactive bladder (OAB), which is a syndrome whose symptoms appear during the urine storage phase in the form of increased urinary frequency or urinary urgency. The prevalence of this disorder is estimated to be 22.5-24.2 % in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Recently, a useful technique for the treatment of OAB, named transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS), has been introduced. This study aims to investigate the effect of TTNS in women with T2D and OAB. Methods This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 40 women with T2D and OAB symptoms, who were divided into two control and intervention groups. The control group performed pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training daily for one month, while the intervention group received 12 sessions of TTNS combined with PFM training. Before and after the intervention, the lower urinary tract symptoms were recorded using the Persian version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire for Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS). Independent t-test, paired t-test, Wilcoxon test, Mann-Whitney U test, and chi-square test were performed for data analysis using SPSS software, version 24. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the ICIQ-FLUTS score, incontinence quality of life, or PFM strength, and endurance (P>0.05). However, their scores were significantly different after treatment in each group compared to the pre-treatment phase (P≤0.05). Conclusion The combination of TTNS and PFM training has no advantage over PFM training alone in managing OAB symptoms and improving PFM strength and quality of life in women with T2D.
The Relationship Between Fundamental Movement Skills, Body Composition, and Flat Feet in Children Aged 3-6 Years
Authors: Mohammadi Majid , Rakhshan Marjan ,   Department of Motor Development, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran., Elahi Panah Farzaneh ,   Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran., Houmanian Davood ,   Department of Motor Development, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims Children have a very high ability to learn. With correct planning, we can provide conditions for them to perform various movement patterns to increase their motor skills and thus reduce the risk of skeletal injuries and obesity. This study aims to investigate the relationship between fundamental movement skills, body composition, and flat feet in children. Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study on 50 healthy children (girls and boys) aged 3-6 (mean age: 5.13±0.831 years) who were selected using a convenience sampling method from Novak Kindergarten in Tehran, Iran. To evaluate the fundamental movement skills, Ulrich (2015)’s test of gross motor development was used. The InBody 270 device was used to examine the body composition, and a digital photo scanner was used to evaluate the flat feet deformity. Data analysis was performed by using the Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis in SPSS software, version 24. P≤.0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The results showed a negative and significant relationship of body weight (P=0.001), body mass index (P=0.001), body fat percentage (P=0.001), and flat feet (P=0.009) with fundamental movement skills. Also, the relationship between musculoskeletal mass and fundamental movement skills was positive and significant (P=0.001), but its relationship with flat feet was negative and significant (P=0.004). The body weight had the highest power to predict fundamental movement skills, and musculoskeletal mass had the highest power to predict flat feet (P=0.001) in preschool children. Conclusion It seems that, by improving fundamental movement skills and musculoskeletal mass index, the development of flat feet and overweight in preschool children can be prevented.
A Systematic Design of a Sports Injuries Prevention Program in Volleyball
Authors:   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Mahmoudi Hamed , Daneshmandi Hassan ,   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Shamsi Majelan Ali ,   Department of Corrective Exercises and Sports Injuries, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims Volleyball is one of the most popular sports in Iran and every year more teenagers and adults are attracted to this sport. However, there is no systematic injury prevention program for Iranian volleyball players in accordance with the cultural, economic and social conditions of the country. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design an intervention program to prevent volleyball sports injuries in a systematic manner using the intervention mapping protocol. Methods The IM method was used to design the program which has 6 steps: (1) Needs assessment, (2) Determining intervention outcomes and objectives, (3) designing the intervention by selecting theory and their practical applications, (4) producing the intervention program, (5) Developing an implementation plan, and (6) Developing an evaluation plan. To design the intervention, we used the steps 1 to 4. Results The designed program included a warm-up program with more than 45 movements (with different types and levels for players with different abilities) that should be performed at least two sessions a week before training or competition. The program consisted of three 3-week phases and provided to the trainers every week to observe the gradual improvement in intensity, repetition, complexity, and time of training. The duration of each weekly session was 15 minutes, including 4-5 minutes of cardiorespiratory exercises (to increase body temperature and cardiorespiratory preparation) and 9-10 minutes of exercises to prevent shoulder, knee and ankle injuries. Conclusion Despite being time consuming, the IM is a suitable method for designing an intervention to prevent injuries in volleyball. The designed injury prevention intervention is a 15-minute warm-up program that includes more than 45 exercises for amateur volleyball players. The feasibility of this program is under investigation and the study of its effect will be conducted in the upcoming months.
Effect of the Knee Control Program on Knee Valgus Angle and Static and Dynamic Balances in Young Male Football Players With Dynamic Knee Valgus
Authors:   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran., Nemati Nezam , Norasteh Ali Asghar ,   Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Shamsi Majelan Ali ,   Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims Dynamic knee valgus (DKV) and impaired static and dynamic balances are the risk factors of the anterior cruciate ligament injuries in football players. This study aims to investigate the effect of the knee control program on knee valgus angle and static and dynamic balances in young male football players with DKV. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study. Of 156 young male football players, 48 with DKV were recruited and randomly assigned to intervention group (n=24, Mean age=12.70±0.62 years, height=1.52±0.07 m, weight=48.87±6.67 kg, BMI=21.10±2.18 kg/m2) and control group (n=24, mean age=12.58±0.65 years, height= 1.52±0.08 m, weight= 50.45±6.79 kg, BMI=21.88±2.92 kg/m2). The drop-jump test, Stork test, and Y balance test were used to measure dynamic knee valgus angle, static balance, and dynamic balance, respectively. The intervention group received the knee control program as a warm-up exercise for 8 weeks, while the control group performed their routine warm-up exercises during this time. Analysis of covariance and the paired t-test were used to evaluate differences in the study variables. Results In the intervention group, there was a significant reduction in knee valgus angle (P=0.001) and significant improvements in static balance (P=0.001) and dynamic balance (P=0.001) in the post-test phase compared to the pre-test phase, but there were no significant differences in the control group (P>0.05). Moreover, the results showed significant differences between the two groups in knee valgus angle (P=0.001), static balance (P=0.001) and dynamic balance (P=0.002). Conclusion The knee control program is effective in reducing dynamic knee valgus angle and improving static and dynamic balances in young football players with DKV. Thus, it seems that this program can reduce the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in young male football players.
Effect of Storytelling on the Social-emotional Skills of the Primary School Male Students
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Tehran Center Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Alvandi Homira , kochak Entezar Roya ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Tehran Center Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Ghodsi Parvaneh ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Tehran Center Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Abolmaali Khadijeh ,   Department of Psychology, Roodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Shahriyar Ahmadi Mansoureh
Published: May 2024

Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Social Sciences, Tehran Center Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Estimating social discount rate for government investment projects in Russia
Authors: Kossova T. V. , Sheluntcova M.
Published: May 2024

The article explores methods of estimating discount rate for investment projects financed with budgetary funds and aimed at creating social benefits. Social benefits often do not have a direct monetary value, so the methods for determining the discount rate for such projects differ from market ones. Spending budget funds on investment projects means that society gives up consumption at the current moment in time for the sake of future return on investment. The discount rate should reflect public preferences regarding the distribution of consumption between the current and future periods. The method for estimating these preferences is called the social rate of time preferences. Another approach to determine the discount rate allows one to consider the alternative possibility of implementing a project in the private sector (social opportunity cost of capital). The article describes the development of methods for evaluating the social discount rate and discusses the possibilities of their application for Russia. The value of the social rate of time preferences, equal to 2.5%, and the value of the social opportunity cost of capital, equal to 4.4—5%, are substantiated for short-and medium-term public investment projects in Russia. Rates are given in real terms.