bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural and Metabolic Retinal Changes Associated With Mild Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Pedersen Frederik N. , Stokholm Lonny , Lois Noemi , Yang Dawei , Cheung Carol Y. , Biessels Geert Jan , Exalto Lieza , Simó Rafael , Peto Tunde , Pouwer Frans , Grauslund Jakob
Published: September 2023

Type 2 diabetes is associated with cognitive impairment and a twofold increased risk of dementia compared with age-matched individuals without diabetes. Given that the eye and the brain share similar embryologic origin and anatomical features, the retina offers a unique window to the brain. In this study, we wanted to determine whether there was a difference in retinal imaging–based neuronal and vascular markers in individuals with type 2 diabetes with or without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We included 134 persons with type 2 diabetes. Based on neuropsychological tests, the prevalence of MCI was 28%. We performed seven-field color fundus photos, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT-angiography (OCT-A), and retinal oximetry to analyze retinal markers. In a multivariable cluster analysis, persons with MCI had a significantly thinner macular retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell layer, and less venular oxygen saturation in the nasal quadrant compared with those without MCI. There were no differences in retinal vessel density, fractal dimension, width, tortuosity, or OCT-A markers. People with type 2 diabetes and MCI demonstrate alterations in retinal structure and metabolism, suggesting noninvasive retinal markers may be useful to detect people with type 2 diabetes at risk for cognitive dysfunction.

Article Highlights

Type 2 diabetes is associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Therefore, retinal and cerebral neurodegeneration may run in parallel. To assess whether there was a difference in retinal structure, vessel, and metabolic parameters in individuals with MCI. We found those with MCI had a thinner macular retinal nerve fiber layer, macular ganglion cell layer, and less venular oxygen saturation. We suggest noninvasive retinal markers may be useful to detect those at risk of cognitive dysfunction.
MAD2-Dependent Insulin Receptor Endocytosis Regulates Metabolic Homeostasis
Authors: Park Junhee , Hall Catherine , Hubbard Brandon , LaMoia Traci , Gaspar Rafael , Nasiri Ali , Li Fang , Zhang Hanrui , Kim Jiyeon , Haeusler Rebecca A. , Accili Domenico , Shulman Gerald I. , Yu Hongtao , Choi Eunhee
Published: September 2023

Insulin activates insulin receptor (IR) signaling and subsequently triggers IR endocytosis to attenuate signaling. Cell division regulators MAD2, BUBR1, and p31comet promote IR endocytosis on insulin stimulation. Here, we show that genetic ablation of the IR-MAD2 interaction in mice delays IR endocytosis, increases IR levels, and prolongs insulin action at the cell surface. This in turn causes a defect in insulin clearance and increases circulating insulin levels, unexpectedly increasing glucagon levels, which alters glucose metabolism modestly. Disruption of the IR-MAD2 interaction increases serum fatty acid concentrations and hepatic fat accumulation in fasted male mice. Furthermore, disruption of the IR-MAD2 interaction distinctly changes metabolic and transcriptomic profiles in the liver and adipose tissues. Our findings establish the function of cell division regulators in insulin signaling and provide insights into the metabolic functions of IR endocytosis.

Article Highlights

The physiological role of IR endocytosis in insulin sensitivity remains unclear. Disruption of the IR-MAD2 interaction delays IR endocytosis and prolongs insulin signaling. IR-MAD2 controls insulin clearance and glucose metabolism. IR-MAD2 maintains energy homeostasis.
Association Between Health Insurance Type and Adverse Outcomes for Children and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Miyazaki Brian , Ebekozien Osagie , Rompicherla Saketh , Ohmer Amy , Guttman-Bauman Ines , Mucci Andrea , Guarneri Alissa , Raman Vandana , Smego Allison , Dickinson Jane K.
Published: September 2023

Background

Health insurance coverage type differs significantly by socioeconomic status and racial group in the United States. The aim of this study was to determine whether publicly insured children and young adults with type 1 diabetes were more likely to experience adverse outcomes compared with privately insured patients with acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections.

Methods

Data from 619 patients with previously established type 1 diabetes who were <24 years of age with acute COVID-19 infections were analyzed from the T1D Exchange COVID-19 surveillance registry. Data for the registry was collected from 52 endocrinology clinics across the United States using an online survey tool. Each site completed the survey using electronic health record data between April 2020 and December 2021.

Results

Of the 619 patients included in this study, 257 had public insurance and 362 had private insurance. Of the 257 publicly insured patients with COVID-19, 57 reported severe adverse outcomes (22%), defined as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or severe hypoglycemia. In comparison, there were 25 reported adverse outcomes (7%) among the 362 privately insured patients.

Conclusion

Our data reveal high rates of hospitalization and DKA among publicly insured racial/ethnic minority children and young adults with type 1 diabetes and COVID-19.
Currículo e a Produção de Rostidade
Authors: Raic Daniele Farias Freire
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir os efeitos das afecções da pandemia nas práticas curriculares, seja na educação básica, seja na educação superior. Busca aproximar-se dos movimentos de desterritorializações e reterritorializações curriculares decorrentes da pandemia da Covid-19. Está amparado pela esquizoanálise e utiliza-se da bricolagem metodológica, recorrendo a diferentes dispositivos, discursivos e não discursivos, considerados em suas tramas. O estudo está situado no estado da Bahia e apoia-se na filosofia da diferença para produzir novos sentidos e significados à educação e ao currículo. Entende o currículo como linguagem que opera maquinicamente no processo de rostificação, que significa e subjetiva os modos de existir, captura o desejo e separa o corpo da potência de agir. Em contraponto, propõe aberturas curriculares que favoreçam a produção desejante e que aumentem a potência de agir do sujeito.
A inserção de pessoas com deficiência em empresas brasileiras: o caso de empresas cariocas
Authors: Beier Martha Margarette , Sinay Maria Cristina Fogliatti de , Braga Iluska Lobo
Published: September 2023

A inclusão de pessoas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho brasileiro tornou-se compulsória para as organizações com mais de 100 funcionários a partir da lei 8.213/91, quando as empresas precisaram adaptar suas ações para a atender. Esta pesquisa, de natureza teórico-empírica, tem como objetivo identificar o comportamento de funcionários de recursos humanos e de gestores de empresas em relação a essa ação afirmativa. Para tal foi construído e aplicado um questionário estruturado sobre as bases paradigmáticas das concepções de deficiência. A análise das informações coletadas permitiu verificar a coexistência dos vários paradigmas sobre concepções de deficiência nos dias de hoje.
Raça e serviço público no Brasil: empretando a Burocracia Nacional
Authors: Gomes Silmara Cristiane , Medeiros Anny Karine de
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar o efeito dos concursos públicos sobre a composição racial dos servidores públicos brasileiros, à luz da reflexão sobre movimentos históricos de discriminação no mercado de trabalho brasileiro. A burocracia brasileira foi escolhida como recorte neste momento pois, dentre outros motivos, trata-se de uma parcela significativa do mercado de trabalho. Parte-se de revisão bibliográfica para identificar fontes de informação e triangular dados secundários de institutos de pesquisa oficiais que auxiliam na construção do objetivo proposto. Como contribuição, espera-se ampliar essa janela de pesquisa, encontrar e fortalecer caminhos para combater a desigualdade racial e ampliar a diversidade em diferentes espaços sociais.
Influence Variation Concentration Zn(NO3)2·6H2O Against Group Function, Size Particles, and Morphology Particle Nanoparticles ZnO with Method Green Synthesis Using Extract Leaf Moringa
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia, 35141, Benyamin Chairunissa A , Manurung Posman , Suprihatin Suprihatin
Published: September 2023

This research was conducted to determine the effect of varying concentrations of Zn(NO3)2·6H2O (zinc nitrate hexahydrate) on functional groups, particle size, and particle morphology of ZnO nanoparticles using the green synthesis method using Moringa leaves. The materials was used in this study were moringa leaf extract, Zn(NO3)2·6H2O with various concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 M, and NaOH of 0.1 M. Based on the results of characterization using FTIR, it shows that the functional groups in the content of Moringa leaves play a role in the formation of ZnO nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the results of the XRD characterization showed a diffractogram difference with standard ZnO at concentrations of 0.6 M and 0.8 M Zn(NO3)2·6H2O with the appearance of the NaNO3 phase. SEM characterization results show that the morphology of ZnO nanoparticles using the green synthesis method is irregular in shape.
Impact of Internal Control Systems on Minimizing Fraud: The Case of Lebanon
Authors: Ghanem Mohamed Gaber , Awad Ghina
Published: September 2023

Establishing reliable internal control systems in Lebanon is a challenge for businesses looking to reduce their vulnerability to fraud. The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not internal control measures were successful in reducing fraud in Lebanon’s commercial sector. The study polls 308 businesses to learn more about control methods such as division of responsibilities, audit frequency, and ethics education. The results illuminate the present status of internal controls in Lebanon, illuminating the country’s successes and failures in its efforts to prevent fraud. With the information from this research, businesses may improve their fraud prevention tactics and safeguard their assets in the Lebanese market.   Keywords: Internal Control, Monitoring, Controlling Activities, Controlling Environment, Information & Communication
Using Literature to create Awareness of Domestic Violence for Secondary School Students
Authors: Zachariah Tirzah Zubeidah , Kudus Nazima Versay , Izahar Mustafa
Published: September 2023

Some 7468 domestic violence cases were reported in 2021, which was an increase of 42% from 5260 cases in 2020, as stated by the Malaysian Ministry of Women, Family, and Community Development. This informs us that this type of violence is becoming more rampant every year. As such, as educators and teachers, we must help to create awareness of domestic violence among our students. This paper aims to explore strategies for teaching the topic and also present the challenges that may emerge in the classroom. This paper will also focus on the importance of raising awareness about domestic violence among secondary school students.
Strategies of Content Knowledge Representation and EFL Learners‘ English Writing Proficiency: Mediating Role of Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Xiaolei Shen , Ismail Lilliati , Yurong Hu , Mengqi Wei
Published: September 2023

The exploration of optimizing content knowledge representation and enhancing critical thinking capabilities in English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ writing still needs to be improved. Cultivating adept critical thinking skills and effective content knowledge representation is paramount for EFL learners, given its correlation with heightened writing proficiency. This study sought to examine critical thinking skills as a mediator in the correlation between strategies of content knowledge representation and writing proficiency among EFL learners. A total of 360 English as foreign language participants engaged in the California Critical Thinking Skills Test and responded to a questionnaire on strategies of content knowledge representation conducted at Kaifeng Science Technology and Communication College, China. Subsequently, participants undertook a writing task, and the outcomes underwent analysis using SPSS 26.0, incorporating descriptive analysis, correlational analysis, and AMOS 24.0 for mediating analysis. The findings unveiled a correlation between critical thinking skills and EFL learners’ writing proficiency, echoing the association observed between content knowledge representation strategies and writing proficiency. Furthermore, critical thinking skills were identified as a mediator, linking content knowledge representation strategies to writing proficiency among EFL learners. The combination of content knowledge representation and critical thinking skills emerged as a positive role in the writing process. This research underscored the paramount significance of critical thinking skills within a specialized discipline, highlighting their transformative potential for EFL learners’ writing competency and accentuating their functions in the broader writing pedagogy.
Modern Knowledge Management Trends in the Organization
Authors:   Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Prokhorov Andrey I.
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the main trends in the field of knowledge management. Currently, the fourth industrial rev-olution, which results in the digitalization of many management and production processes, is having a signifi-cant impact on the functioning of organizations in various areas of activity. As part of this revolution, automation elements are being developed, expert systems for management decision support and artificial intelligence are being introduced. These processes require the creation of a knowledge management system in the organiza-tion. Its presence allows the company to form and build up human capital as one of the main intangible re-sources of enterprise development. The analysis of theoretical provisions on this issue, as well as the study of the practice of modern organizations allowed to identify the key trends in knowledge management. It is deemed that one of the urgent problems in this area today is the autonomous application of social and digital tools, which significantly limits their potential.
Stress Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Happiness Indicators in Young and Middle-Aged Russians
Authors:   University of Humanities, Lopandin Konstantin V.
Published: September 2023

Happiness research is topical in all times since happiness influences individual human lives by determining the search for its purpose and by setting value-oriented vectors for the movement of society as a whole. Re-search into happiness becomes especially important in truly difficult critical situations when the transformation of people’s meaning-and-value foundations is taking place. The COVID-19 pandemic is likely has become an unprecedented event that interfered in the life of every person with its effects being particularly noticeable in the young and middle-aged population. The article examines the specificity of the COVID-19 stress impact on an indicator of happiness in young and middle-aged adults. The empirical base of the study involved 420 re-spondents, 205 men and 215 women. The first age group (18–24 years old) consisted of 201 persons and the second (25–35 years old) of 219 persons. The COVID-19 Stress Scale (S. Taylor, C.A. Landry, M.M. Paluszek, T.A. Fergus, D. McKay & G.J. Asmundson) was used to define the stress effect of the COVID-19 and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (М. Argyle, M. Martin, J. Crossland) was exploited to evaluate indicators of happiness. The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the respondents’ state of happiness in both groups and that the COVID-9 stress was more intense for middle-aged people than for young adults. The obtained results may be useful for crisis psychologists and other professionals who help people cope with crisis experi-ences and recover from crises, and to specialists involved in developing programs to maintain and restore mental and physical health of people.
Investigation of the Process of Adult Identity Formation During the Quarter-Life Crisis (Domestic Sample)
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Yarygina Natal’ya Yu. , Balykova Mariya V. ,   Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study is to investigate the psychological content of the quarter-life crisis as an identity crisis in a national sample. The authors formed a sample of 40 people aged 18 to 28 years old, who sought psychologi-cal help and were studying in higher education programs; the presence of a request for psychological help was considered as a possible manifestation of the quarter-life crisis. The obtained empirical results were subjected to cluster analysis, according to the results of which clusters were distinguished using identity statuses. Moreo-ver, the results convincingly demonstrate the presence of the identity crisis at different stages of its passage. It is shown that the quarter-life crisis is indeed a normative identity crisis, with adult identity being its main new formation.
The Place and Role of Aggressiveness and Aggression in Sports Activities
Authors:   Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I.Y. Yakovlev, Drandrov Gerold L.
Published: September 2023

The article, based on the analysis and generalization of research materials presented in dissertations, mono-graphs, scientific articles and scientific reports at scientific and practical conferences, examines aggressive-ness as a characteristic of the mental state and personality traits, and aggression as an individual’s behavior and activity in the system of social relations. Taking into account the social and personal significance, two quali-tatively different forms of functioning and development of aggressiveness and aggression are distinguished – destructive and instrumental. The former is a factor of destruction, the latter of creation. In line with the empha-sis there are direct and indirect aggression, and the way of influence – physical and verbal. The objects of ag-gression can be external objects (people or objects) and the aggressor himself (body and personality). An es-sential feature of sport as a type of human activity is conflict in the form of a competition of athletes or sports teams pursuing opposite goals. Aggressiveness of personality, manifested in sport in the form of instrumental aggression, is considered as a necessary condition for the effectiveness of competitive activity. The latter is a socially acceptable cultural way of actualization and discharge of aggressive behavioral attitudes inherent in a person, realized in conditions of self-control in accordance with the norms of sports ethics. According to the authors, gaining experience in competitive activity leads to the formation of aggressive behavior skills and management of one’s mental state, but does not affect the level of development of aggressiveness, which as a property of temperament, is a fairly stable personal characteristic.
Social Perceptions of Alienated Parenthood Subjects as a Component of Ordinary Consciousness
Authors:   Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy named after F.M. Dostoevsky, Bardier Galina L. ,   Nevsky Institute of Language and Culture, Zashchirinskiy Maxim M. ,   Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy named after F.M. Dostoevsky, Voznesenskaya Ekaterina S. ,   Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy named after F.M. Dostoevsky, Komova Olesya V. ,   Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy named after F.M. Dostoevsky
Published: September 2023

The article presents the results of a study aimed at identifying the typical psychological portraits of the alienat-ing and alienated parent that exist in everyday psychology and ordinary consciousness of some Russians. Por-traits include both those psycho-emotional characteristics of a person that disrupt the harmonious process of mutual parenthood and interpersonal communication, and characteristics that support the successful course of the personal and social components of family life. Based on the empirical study conducted using qualitative methods (associative experiment), the similarities and differences in social perceptions of the alienating and alienated parent in two groups of respondents – those involved and those not involved in social processes re-lated to the alienated parenting syndrome (PAS – parental alienation syndrome) – were analyzed. As an ad-junct, a fragment of a study of the actual psychological characteristics of respondents involved in the symptoms of alienated parenthood, carried out using quantitative methods, is given.
Developing Competitive Readiness through Psychological Education
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafyev, Titova Olga I. ,   Siberian Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

One of the tasks of modern education is to prepare future specialists for competition. At the same time, the em-pathy and humanistic values of representatives of socionomic professions make them relatively more vulnera-ble to the stress of competition, including the need to regularly maintain their competitive ability. Objective: to study students’ readiness to compete and to develop psychological means of its development. Methods: “The level of competitiveness”, “The level of ability to self-learning and self-education” (V.I. Andreev); correlation analysis. Sample: 46 students studying socionomic professions. Results: The prevalence of students’ average level of competitiveness and ability to self-education is revealed. A set of psychological education measures is developed, contributing to the formation of adequate ideas about competition, about the qualities that hinder self-education and competitiveness, the formation of skills of organization of developmental leisure and self-regulation in stressful situations, the development of productive solutions and the implementation of competi-tive interaction. Available methods are used, recommended for the activities of the psychological service and in the teaching of special courses in psychology.
Organizational and Economic Measures Aimed at Restoring the Solvency of Corporations, Based on the Use of Managerial Mechanisms
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Volkodavova Elena V. , Zhalnin Vasily V. ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the problems of restoring the solvency of Russian companies in the context of bankruptcy proceedings, proposes specific organizational and economic measures aimed at restoring the solvency of a corporation in the process of bankruptcy, based on the implementation of general and special corporate ac-tions, as well as the conditions and options for applying the proposed measures. As a result of the study, it was concluded that corporate governance mechanisms based on special and general organizational and economic measures, and corporate actions necessary for their implementation, can be used at various stages of bank-ruptcy of Russian companies and pursue different goals at each of them. The procedures used in insolvency (bankruptcy) cases are very complex both from a legal and economic point of view. A key problem on the way to restoring the solvency of any corporation and preventing its bankruptcy is coordinating the interests of all participants of corporate relations, as well as other persons involved in this process. Solely on the basis of a mutually acceptable agreement between the members of the corporation and its controlling persons (bankrupt-cy creditors, authorized bodies, external senators), the measures required to restore solvency can be imple-mented.
Analysis of the Artificial Intelligence Application in the Digital Economy to Improve Transparency and Efficiency of Public Administration
Authors:   Ural State University of Economics, Sulimin Vladimir V. , Shvedov Vladislav V. ,   Ural State University of Economics
Published: September 2023

Application of artificial intelligence (AI) in public administration is a particularly relevant topic in a booming digi-tal economy, as this resource has enormous potential to optimize and automate government processes. The article examines the opportunities and challenges of applying AI in the context of public administration. The main emphasis is on the prospects of increasing the efficiency and transparency of government processes by integrating AI into them. The authors characterize the different types and areas of its application in the digital economy, highlighting key advantages and reflecting successful cases. Major challenges and problems asso-ciated with the application of AI in public administration are analyzed, including ethical, legal aspects, and cy-bersecurity issues. In addition, the work presents forecasts and scenarios for the development of the situation, also provides recommendations for the integration of artificial intelligence in public administration processes. The results of the study can serve as a basis for the formation of strategies for digital transformation in public administration and informed decision-making on the application of AI in it.
Formation of a New Economic Consciousness in Modern Russian Society
Authors:   Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, Almetyevsk, Farrakhov Vasil N.
Published: September 2023

The article examines the phenomenon of the new economic consciousness formation in the modern conditions of Russia’s existence. The terminological representation of this concept in economic science is analyzed. The paper reveals the features of the emergence of a new Russian consciousness in the context of the continuing impact on the economy of our country of multilevel international sanctions imposed by Western countries. Available economic science methods and theoretical approaches to the interpretation and understanding of economic consciousness are analyzed. The forms of new economic consciousness, the principles that affect its ideological limitations, as well as the importance in social life within the framework of various social interactions are studied. The peculiarities of practical representations of new economic consciousness in line with the rapidly changing situation in the national economy of modern Russia are revealed. The work interprets the significance of global economic processes that affect the transformation of human and social consciousness in terms of sanctions influence on the modern Russian economy.
Improvement of Efficiency Assessment Tools for Innovation Support of Industrial Development in Special Economic Conditions
Authors:   Institute for Economic Research, Shemiakina Natalia V. , Bechvaya Irina Е. ,   Institute for Economic Research
Published: September 2023

The economy of the Donetsk People's Republic is currently functioning in conditions of extreme uncertainty due to prolonged military operations in the region. This circumstance encourages researchers to search for new tools for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative support for industrial development in special economic con-ditions. Within the framework of this article, it is substantiated that in modern conditions of the formation of a new technological order, the state should determine the priority directions of industrial development of the terri-tory on an innovative basis. The necessity of state participation in the organization of “growth centers”, in partic-ular, business incubators and technology parks with state guardianship, is proved. Quantitative criteria that can be used to assess the effectiveness of the technopark are analyzed. As a research task, the authors identified an attempt to assess the success of innovative projects of industrial development by taking into account the risk of military operations in special economic conditions. The application of military operations coefficient in the calculation of indicators of budgetary efficiency in the implementation of innovative projects of industrial devel-opment is justified.
Legal Regulation of Services Provided Remotely
Authors:   Samara State University of Economics, Zubkova Maria N. , Sevastyanova Victoria V. ,   Samara State University of Economics
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the concept of remote services provided by business entities, as well as the peculiarities and problems of the statutory regulation of this area. The relevance of the study is due to a stable increase in demand for remote services in modern society. Internet technologies are a determinant of the future development of the state and society, require an appropriate level of versatile formation of the indi-vidual as a professional, ready for new competencies. The object of the study are the public relations emerging in the sphere of remote services, and the subject – studying the concept and problems of their legal regulation. It is emphasized that the rapid development of information technology required the improvement of legislation, in particular in the use of virtual space. Nevertheless, it is not always possible for the legal and regulatory framework to respond to some new phenomena in a timely manner, especially if they are very active and rap-idly developing. Remote services at the moment represent just such a phenomenon.
La dimensión olvidada en los estudios sobre trabajo de plataformas: la subjetividad de quienes trabajan
Authors: Haidar Julieta
Published: September 2023

Uno de los temas más analizados hoy en el campo de las relaciones laborales son las plataformas de trabajo. Sin embargo, al momento no se ha estudiado en profundidad la dimensión de la subjetividad de los trabajadores, es decir, los procesos de configuración de sentido en situaciones concretas. Este artículo se propone contribuir a llenar ese vacío, identificar cuáles son los sentidos construidos por los trabajadores de plataformas sobre su trabajo y las organizaciones colectivas. Además, entender cómo se configuran esos sentidos, es decir, qué dimensiones intervienen y cómo se vinculan. Para ello abordamos el caso de los trabajadores de plataformas de reparto en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Aplicamos una matriz analítica multidimensional y combinamos métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos.
Explicación códices (Amoxtli)
Authors: Ochoa Flores Oscar , Valencia González José Luis
Published: September 2023

El Códice Xolotl, cuya primera lámina sirve de fondo para la portada de esta serie, es un manuscrito pictográfico de la tradición mesoamericana resguardado por la Biblioteca Nacional de París. Este documento contempla cuatrocientos años de historia en la Región Acolhua y sus ciudades Texcoco, Huexotla, Cohuatepec, Cohuatilinchan, además de la ciudad mexica de Tenochtitlan. El códice relata la genealogía de los señores que gobernaron Texcoco, desde la llegada de Xolotl hasta el más célebre de sus sucesores: Nopaltzin, Tlotzin, Quinatzin, Techotlalatzin, Ixtlilxochitl y Nezahualcóyotl. El registro genealógico y geográfico abarca de 1068 a 1429 y fue utilizado por Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxóchitl como una de sus fuentes para redactar la “Historia de la nación chichimeca”. Una hipótesis sugiere que el original se extravió a mediados del siglo XVI y una copia es la que llega hasta nuestros días.
Chemical Alteration of Riverine Particles in Seawater and Marine Sediments: Effects on Seawater Composition and Atmospheric CO2
Authors: Wallmann Klaus , Geilert Sonja , Scholz Florian
Published: September 2023

Numerous studies have shown that riverine particles react with seawater. Reactions include dissolution of reactive silicate minerals (e.g., feldspars) and formation of authigenic clays and carbonates. Previous studies have either focused on mineral dissolution (marine silicate weathering) or authigenic phase formation (reverse weathering). A comprehensive study that assesses all processes affecting the marine alteration of riverine particle has -to our knowledge- not yet been conducted. Our contribution aims to fill this gap. We first quantify cation exchange between seawater and riverine particles that occurs when particles enter the marine realm and show that significant global cation fluxes are induced by this process (-1.3 Tmol Na yr-1, -0.2 Tmol K yr-1, -0.4 Tmol Mg yr-1, +1.2 Tmol Ca yr-1) where the positive sign indicates cation release into seawater while the negative sign denotes uptake on particles. We then use thermodynamic and kinetic modeling to investigate how much of the suspended particle load dissolves in contact with seawater and estimate corresponding global release rates for dissolved cations and silica assuming congruent dissolution (+0.06 Tmol Na yr-1, +0.15 Tmol Ca yr-1, +2.8 Tmol Si yr-1). Subsequently, we investigate rates of mineral dissolution and authigenic clay and carbonate formation in marine sediments applying reactive transport modeling, porewater data and mass balance calculations. Our best estimates for net fluxes across the sediment/water interface (dissolution–mineral formation) result as +1.5 Tmol Na yr-1, -2.5 Tmol K yr-1, -2.0 Tmol Mg yr-1, +2.5 Tmol Ca yr-1, and +1.9 Tmol Si yr-1 where most of the Na and Ca release is induced by plagioclase dissolution, K is taken up in authigenic clays and Mg is removed from solution by authigenic clay and carbonate formation. We conclude that the alkalinity of seawater is not significantly affected by marine silicate alteration since cation release fluxes (Na, Ca) are as high as cation uptake fluxes (K, Mg) on equivalent basis. Moreover, marine silicate weathering and reverse weathering are closely coupled since Al required for clay formation is mostly provided by feldspar dissolution while Al removal in authigenic clay promotes and maintains feldspar dissolution in marine sediments. Authigenic carbonate formation in anoxic subsurface sediments sequesters significant amounts of carbon (2.5 Tmol C yr-1) according to our estimates where most of the Ca and alkalinity required for carbonate formation are provided by the dissolution of Ca-bearing silicate minerals. This hidden sedimentary cycle provides a sink for dissolved inorganic carbon that may drive a slow draw-down of atmospheric CO2 on geological timescales. Marine silicate alteration has an even stronger effect on the geochemical evolution of seawater by generating large fluxes of dissolved K, Mg, Ca and Si.
Consumer Preferences Towards Influencer Marketing in the Beauty Industry on Instagram and Youtube Platforms (Comparative Analysis)
Authors: Gregor Bogdan , Olejniczak Aneta
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this article is to compare consumers’ preferences towards activities and content, published by beauty influencers, on Instagram and YouTube platforms. The motive behind embarking on this topic is to address the research gaps in the available literature and studies on this subject. Previous research works mainly concentrated on markets other than Polish or addressed topics in other contexts. To achieve the purpose of the paper, a study was conducted using a survey technique supported by an online questionnaire, on a sample of 146 individuals who use social media platforms. The survey results reveal that users in the beauty category are most likely to watch product reviews on both Instagram and YouTube platforms. Moreover, favourite products in the beauty category for Instagram users are facial care products, and for YouTube viewers, are makeup cosmetics.
Límites a la articulación, descentralización y participación en el agua potable rural chilena
Authors:   Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo Regional y las Políticas Públicas (CEDER), Universidad de Los Lagos, Región de Los Lagos, Chile, Pareja Pineda Claudio
Published: September 2023

Chile ha logrado entregar agua potable de manera amplia y segura en contextos rurales a través de un esquema de coproducción. Esta forma de operación ha funcionado por más de 60 años y entrega agua a más del 10% de la población. Sin embargo, la literatura reporta heterogeneidad en los resultados de cada territorio. En este contexto, se está implementando una nueva legislación que institucionaliza esta forma de provisión generando nuevas demandas en el Estado. Ante esto, el artículo analiza si la ley avanza en tres aspectos de la gestión integrada del agua potable rural. A partir de un análisis de contenido de la nueva ley y su reglamentación, se concluye que existen avances en participación, articulación intersectorial y descentralización, pero se proyectan posibles conflictos al interior de la administración del Estado y en la vinculación de éste con las organizaciones. Se concluye que es importante para la política pública de agua potable rural mayor coordinación con otros sectores y también mayor atención a las tendencias actuales en administración pública respecto de la gestión estatal que abogan por una mayor articulación, descentralización y participación.
Potensi Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca dari Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik di Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Bojongsoang, Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Novia Fanny
Published: September 2023

Greenhouse gas emissions potential of CH4 and CO2 from domestic wastewater treatment at WWTP Bojongsoang are emitted from wastewater treatment process in anaerobic pond, facultative pond and maturation pond each on Set A and Set B. Emission factor of CH4 and CO2 are based on IPCC standard and the value depends on type of treatment. Greenhouse gas as CO2e emission from each stage on Set A started from anaerobic pond was about 29.18 ton/day, from facultative pond was about 4.36 ton/day and from maturation pond was about 3.42 ton/day. Greenhouse gas as CO2e emission from each stage on Set B started from anaerobic pond was about 229.01 ton/day, from facultative pond was about 8.98 ton/day and from maturation pond was about 11.15 ton/day. Emissions of Set B was much higher than Set A due to different sampling day causing different initial concentration of COD. Initial concentration of COD on Set B was higher than on Set A. Total emissions of greenhouse gas from wastewater treatment in WWTP Bojongsoang was about 279.46 ton/day Keywords: greenhouse gas; wastewater treatment plant, emission, CO2e, pond ABSTRAK Potensi emisi gas rumah kaca CH4 dan CO2 dari pengolahan air limbah domestik di IPAL Bojongsoang dipancarkan dari proses pengolahan air limbah di kolam anaerobik, kolam fakultatif dan kolam maturasi masing-masing pada Set A dan Set B. Faktor emisi CH4 dan CO2 didasarkan pada standar IPCC dan nilainya tergantung pada jenis perawatan. Gas rumah kaca sebagai emisi CO2e dari setiap tahapan pada Set A mulai dari kolam anaerobik sebesar 29,18 ton/hari, dari kolam fakultatif sebesar 4,36 ton/hari dan dari kolam maturasi sebesar 3,42 ton/hari. Gas rumah kaca sebagai emisi CO2e dari setiap tahapan pada Set B mulai dari kolam anaerobik sebesar 229,01 ton/hari, dari kolam fakultatif sebesar 8,98 ton/hari dan dari kolam maturasi sebesar 11,15 ton/hari. Emisi Set B jauh lebih tinggi dari Set A karena hari pengambilan sampel yang berbeda menyebabkan konsentrasi awal COD yang berbeda. Konsentrasi awal COD pada Set B lebih tinggi dari pada Set A. Total emisi gas rumah kaca dari pengolahan air limbah di IPAL Bojongsoang adalah sekitar 279,46 ton/hari Kata kunci: gas rumah kaca; instalasi pengolahan air limbah, emisi, CO2e, kolam
Pelatihan Praktikum Kimia Sederhana di SMAN 16 Padang
Authors: Imelda Imelda , Refinel Refinel , Refilda Refilda , Yefrida Yefrida , Aziz Hermansyah , Yusuf Yulizar , Suryati Suryati , Chaidir Zulkarnain , Syukur Sumaryati , Zein Rahmiana , Jamarun Novesar , Safni Safni , Zilfa Zilfa , Rilda Yetria , Ferdinal Norman , Hermansyah Tommi , Bareno Fivi Mona
Published: September 2023

Chemistry is one of the subjects taught in State Senior High Schools (SMAN), especially in Natural Sciences (IPA). The problem with chemistry subjects is that it is difficult to practice in the laboratory because laboratory facilities such as space, equipment and chemicals are expensive. As a result, chemical laboratory practices were only sometimes carried out. Several lecturers and students from the Department of Chemistry, FMIPA Unand Kimia Unand, carried out service activities at SMAN 16 Padang through laboratory practice using materials and equipment that were cheap and readily available in the surrounding environment. This community service aims to train teachers and students to carry out chemistry practicums using simple materials and equipment available around them. The training was given to chemistry subject teachers and students in the science laboratory at SMAN 16 on 17 and 21 November 2022. The material was practised in oxidation and reduction (redox) and electrolysis reactions. The activity went smoothly; the students enthusiastically carried out the practicum. Through the results of this simple chemistry practicum, students can design and carry out chemical experiments using simple tools and materials, conduct direct observations of chemical processes, practice scientific thinking, attitude and work skills and analyze and solve various scientific processes using scientific methods. SMAN 16 hopes that this activity will continue with different topics.
Effects Of Ginkgo biloba Versus Celecoxib On The Levels Of Oxidative Stress And Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 In Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Khalid Ismael Inaas , Hahim Othman Shamil
Published: September 2023

To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba (GB) and Celecoxib on the parameters of oxidative stress (OS) and matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) concentration and the markers of inflammation in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). To achieve the aim of this study, a randomized control trial(RCT) was adopted. A total of 80 patients with KOA were recruited and investigated for parameters of OS which included: malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS) and serum MMP-1 concentration, in addition to measuring the markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The patients were divided into 2 groups namely, the GB plus celecoxib group which consisted of 40 patients(with mean ± SD= 51.10 ± 9.78) and the Celecoxib group which consisted of 40 patients(with mean ± SD=51.47±6.26). The patient groups were followed- up for 8 weeks during which the parameters under study were measured before starting therapies and at the end of the follow-up period using commercially available kits. The patient groups were compared with a control group consisted of 40 apparently healthy subjects. By comparing the concentrations of MDA,TAS and MMP-1 in patients with KOA before and after therapy , there was a highly significant decrease (p<0.001) in serum MDA concentration and a significant decrease (p=0.02) in MMP-1 levels with a highly significant increase (p<0.001) in TAS values after two months use of GB plus celecoxib and celecoxib alone, but with results in favor of the former group. GB plus celecoxib seemed to produce a highly significant decrease (p<0.001) in CRP and ESR compared to celecoxib after two months of therapy. The use of GB plus celecoxib and Celecoxib alone for 8 weeks in KOA patients have beneficial effects on the parameters of OS, MMP-1 and inflammatory markers.
Solid-Fuel Ramjet Regression Rate Measurements Using X-Ray Radiography and Ultrasonic Transducers
Authors: Evans Jay V. , Reid Brandon T. , Gejji Rohan M. , Slabaugh Carson D.
Published: September 2023

The instantaneous fuel regression rate within a solid-fuel ramjet combustor was characterized using X-ray radiography and ultrasonic transducer measurements. Experiments were performed with cylindrical center-perforated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene fuel grains at three mass fluxes ([Formula: see text]) with consistent inlet total temperatures and chamber pressures. Ultrasonic transducer measurements demonstrated changes of web thickness ranging from 7.50 to 9.85 mm and regression rate measurements ranging from 1.35 to [Formula: see text]. The local maxima of change in the web thickness due to flow reattachment and erosive burning were consistently measured with the ultrasonic transducers. Changes in the port radius on the order of 8–9 mm and regression rates of approximately [Formula: see text] were deduced from the X-ray radiography images. The structure of the flow reattachment region was evident in measurements from the X-ray radiography images captured near the combustor entrance, whereas images captured at the midlength of the combustor exhibited more uniform fuel regression profiles. Ultrasonic measurements of change in the web thickness were consistently greater in magnitude relative to X-ray radiography measurements. X-ray radiography imaging allowed for the more accurate measurement of fuel regression with the greatest axial spatial resolution, whereas ultrasonic transducer measurements yielded the greatest radial spatial resolution. The change in web thickness calculated with weight-based techniques yielded smaller-magnitude measurements of change in the web thickness relative to X-ray radiography. The regression rate was largely invariant with the mass flux within the investigated operating regime.
Fretting Fatigue of Riveted Lap Joints in Aircraft Fuselage
Authors: Zhang Huayang , Liu Jinxiang , Liu Xin
Published: September 2023

Failure of riveted lap joints originating from fretting fatigue has been responsible for a number of structural failures of aircraft in midflight. Using a combination of extended finite element method analysis and experimental data, this paper investigates the formation and propagation of cracks initiated by fretting, and how it is influenced by rivet squeeze force and by the applied fatigue stresses. It is found that fretting and plain fatigue crack growth life increase with the increase of rivet squeeze force. However, the rise of applied fatigue stress reduces fretting and plain fatigue crack growth life. Moreover, enhancing rivet squeeze force or applied fatigue stress decreases the ratio of fretting to total fatigue crack growth life.
Flight Deck Simulation of Complex Clearance Information Entry During Relative Spacing Arrival Operations
Authors: Penhallegon William J. , Lewis Bridget A. , Bone Randall S. , Peter Stassen H. , Germain Mike
Published: September 2023

Interval management (IM) uses Automatic Dependent Surveillance–Broadcast to provide greater air traffic system throughput and efficiency by improving inter-aircraft spacing precision. The IM Dependent Staggered Approach (DSA) application enables aircraft within a pair to achieve a spacing objective when arriving to parallel, dependently scheduled runways. These operations may require lengthier or more complex IM clearance communications that, coupled with manual entry of ownship route information and forecast winds, can result in a more challenging setup task than has been previously examined. An experiment with 16 pilots was conducted to examine the flight crew acceptability, feasibility, and technical assumptions related to conducting IM DSA operations in a metering environment with voice communications. Results show flight crew errors during entry of the clearance elements into the Cockpit Display of Traffic Information traffic display, especially with a long and highly complex IM clearance. The manual entry of ownship route and forecast wind information also appeared to increase the complexity of the entry task and the potential for errors. Recommendations are made to the Federal Aviation Administration and equipment manufacturers regarding IM communications and the design of related flight deck displays to avoid entry errors and, when they occur, indicate the source to pilots.