bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PARTICIPATION DE LA REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO DANS L’AUTORITE DU BASSIN DU LAC KIVU ET DE LA RIVIERE RUZIZI : OBSTACLES ET PISTES PALLIATIVES
Authors:   Assistante de deuxième mandat et Doctorante en Relations Internationales à l’Université Pédagogique Nationale (UPN)/Kinshasa-RDC, BINTI Pulchery MAMBA
Published: October 2024

Cette étude se consacre à démontrer le côté superflu de certaines structures internationales dont fait partie la République Démocratique du Congo à l’instar de l’ABAKIR, à étudier l’apport que devait avoir cette structure dans la gestion des ressources en eau du lac Kivu et de la rivière Ruzizi partagée entre la République Démocratique du Congo, la République du Rwanda et le Burundi, à évoquer les défis que doit relever la République Démocratique du Congo pour être bénéficiaire dans les accords qu’elle signe et à proposer des solutions palliatives en vue de s’épanouir sans toujours envisager une quelconque adhésion. Mots-clés : ABAKIR, lac Kivu, rivière Ruzizi, RDC.
Breathing and Range of Motion Exercises as Fatigue Intervention In Chronic Kidney Failure Patients: a Case Study
Authors: Renandha Parahita  , Dian Hudiyawati
Published: October 2024

Background : One of the most prominent negative impacts in patients with kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis is fatigue. Breathing and range of motion exercises are therapies that can be applied to reduce fatigue in patients with chronic kidney failure. Objective: to provide breathing and range of motion exercise interventions in patients with chronic renal failure. Method: used in this study is a case study. Assessment of Mrs. S conducted for 3 consecutive days. Results: After the intervention for 3 days, the results showed that the level of fatigue and anxiety in Mrs. S decreased. Conclusions and suggestions: The interventions given have an effect on reducing the level of anxiety and fatigue of patients. It is expected that nurses can provide optimal nursing care to patients with chronic kidney failure to improve the quality of life of patients.
Information and Communications Technology Infusion Model for Educational Sector in Southwestern Nigeria
Authors:   Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Balogun J. , Sarumi O. ,   Osun State College of Technology, Nigeria, Egejuru C. ,   Hallmark University, Nigeria, Makinde O. ,   Tai Solarin University of Education, Nigeria, Idowu P. ,   Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Published: October 2024

In this paper, an ICT infusion model was developed for the educational sector in Nigeria with a focus on Nigerian universities. Five randomly selected universities were used in Nigeria. The researchers constructed questionnaire that measured the ICT tools adopted in the schools on quality of service, and improvement of students on learning performance, and the tasks and activities carried out with ICT. The results showed that 52.7% of respondents suggested that the impact of ICT on the easy collaboration with other students was at least very good out of which 37.3% suggested that it was excellent; 44% of respondents suggested that the impact of ICT on the accessibility to lecturers was at least very good out of which 37.3% suggested that it was excellent, 68.3% of the respondents suggested that the impact of ICT on cheaper activities was very often out of which 52% suggested it was excellent, 81% of the respondents suggested that the impact of ICT on more organized activities was very good out of which 62.3% suggested that it was excellent, 75.7% of respondents suggested that the impact of ICT on the timely feedback mechanism was at least very good out of which 56.3% suggested it was excellent, 55% of the respondents suggested that the impact of ICT on better grades was at least very good out of which 43% suggested it was excellent. The study concluded that the most frequently used ICT devices were mobile devices, school electronic portal, social networks, PCs/laptops, and e-mail services comprising of at least 70% of students. The results further showed that 70% of the students used ICT tools for academic purposes while 50% used ICT tools for performing all the identified activities. The study concluded that the major limitation to the adoption of ICT was electricity followed by Internet Providers and location.
MAPEAMENTO E MODELAGEM DE PROCESSOS DO SETOR MECÂNICO DE VEÍCULOS AUTOMOTORES DE UMA EMPRESA DE MANAUS
Authors: Santos Amanda Amazonas dos , Nascimento Anderton Prestes do , Oliveira Cristiano Santos , Nogueira John Lenonn da Silva , Souza Luis Fabiano Andrade de , Souza Thalison Bentes de , Vaz Wendelmar Dias , Carminé Luciana Oliveira do Valle
Published: October 2024

O mapeamento de processos é uma ferramenta gerencial e de comunicação criada a fim de subsidiar a melhoria dos processos existentes ou auxiliar na introdução de novos procedimentos dentro de uma empresa, seja ela de pequeno, médio ou grande porte. Entre as técnicas de mapeamento mais usadas está o fluxograma, que é um gráfico que possibilita mapear o funcionamento das atividades sendo elas administrativas, financeiras, de controle e qualidade e as operacionais que uma empresa realiza. No setor mecânico de veículos existem mudanças significativas nos preços, clientes e na gestão fazendo com que os gestores busquem suporte para terem uma base de informações, para usá-la como auxílio na tomada de decisão. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os fluxos dos processos feitos por uma oficina mecânica da região metropolitana de Manaus. Para atingir esse objetivo realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e descritiva de campo. Com os resultados foi possível elaborar o fluxograma de processos das atividades que a oficina realiza, desde a prospecção de clientes, a venda de autopeças e acessórios e a manutenção preventiva elétrica e mecânica. Com esta análise sugeriu-se várias melhorias como a mudança no processo de orçamento de serviços para que a oficina possa crescer e se desenvolver, além de se destacar no mercado do setor mecânico de veículos automotores em Manaus.
The Relationship Between Soil Tillage and Yield in the Process of Climate Change
Authors: Bilim Hasan I.Cem , Kuzucu Meryem
Published: October 2024

Climate change process is an important topic regarding the relationship between soil tillage and productivity. Climate change is among the factors affecting agriculture and soil fertility. Soil tillage is a significant part of agricultural practices and affects the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. Factors such as increasing temperatures, changes in rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events due to climate change can have an impact on soil tillage. This situation can adversely affect or enhance soil structure and fertility. Soil tillage can provide benefits such as reducing erosion, increasing water retention capacity, and facilitating access to plant nutrients. However, improper soil tillage practices can decrease soil fertility and lead to environmental problems. Therefore, understanding the relationship between soil tillage and productivity in the climate change process and adopting appropriate agricultural practices are important. This is necessary to maintain soil fertility and support sustainable agriculture.
Craniosynostosis: Clinical Characteristics, Molecular Mechanisms and Treatment
Authors: Pehlivanoglu Suray , Pehlivanoglu Sebnem
Published: October 2024

Craniosynostosis is a congenital condition marked by the early fusion of one or more cranial sutures. Cranial sutures are fibrous tissues that connect the skull bones. They play a crucial role in ensuring bone formation at the edges of the calvarial bones, which move apart to facilitate the passage of the head through the birth canal and allow for future brain growth. The premature fusion limits skull growth perpendicular to the affected sutures, potentially resulting in abnormal head shapes, increased intracranial pressure, and developmental delays. The prevalence of craniosynostosis is about 1 in 2100-3000 births. Craniosynostosis is primarily categorized into primary and secondary types. Primary craniosynostosis is further divided into non-syndromic and compound craniosynostosis, the latter including bicoronal synostosis and syndromic craniosynostosis. Approximately 85% of craniosynostosis cases are non-syndromic, with 92% being sporadic. Non-syndromic craniosynostosis can present as sagittal, coronal, metopic, or lambdoid synostosis. Sagittal synostosis is the most common type, with a prevalence of 40–55%. To date, over 180 craniosynostotic syndromes have been described. Typically, these syndromes show autosomal, recessive, and X-linked inheritance patterns. Some classic craniosynostosis syndromes include Apert syndrome, Antley-Bixler syndrome, Carpenter syndrome, Crouzon syndrome, Jackson-Weiss syndrome, Muenke syndrome, Pfeiffer syndrome, and Saethre-Chotzen syndrome. The genes associated with craniosynostoses include FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, TWIST1, RAB23, EFNB1, TCF12, MSX2, POR, and ERF. FGFR signaling regulates proteoblast/osteoblast differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, as well as vertebrate organogenesis and morphogenesis. Gain-of-function mutations in components of this signaling pathway have been implicated in craniosynostoses. Genetic algorithms provide a roadmap for diagnosing syndromic craniosynostosis based on genetic causes. Genetic tests should be guided by clinical findings, family history, and available scientific evidence. The diagnosis of a specific type of syndromic craniosynostosis should integrate clinical and genetic findings. Managing craniosynostosis requires a collaborative effort from various medical disciplines. Treatment typically involves surgical intervention to address both functional and cosmetic concerns. The optimal timing and approach to treatment depend on factors such as the severity of cranial deformity, the age of the patient, and the specific type of craniosynostosis.
Geleitwort
Authors: Oesterheld Christian
Published: October 2024

No abstract available.
Hubungan Antara Kualitas Tidur, Beban Kerja Fisik Terhadap Perasaan Kelelahan Kerja Pada Perawat Rawat Inap Kelas 3 Di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping
Authors: Luluk Wijanarti Hanjar , Dwi Ayu Anisyah Tesha
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Gangguan tidur merupakan salah satu efek kesehatan dan keselamatan yang dapat terjadi pada pekerja. Akibat dari gangguan tidur yang berkepanjangan akan dapat merubah siklus tidur biologiknya, daya tahan tubuh dan prestasi kerja akan menurun, mudah tersinggung, depresi, kurang konsentrasi, kelelahan, yang pada akhirnya dapat mempengaruhi keselamatan diri sendiri atau orang lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas tidur, beban kerja fisik terhadap perasaan kelelahan kerja pada perawat rawat inap kelas 3 di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 44 perawat menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian yaitu kuesioner dan pengukuran denyut nadi. Analisis data dengan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan perasaan kelalahan kerja karena (P value = 0.001<0.05), ada hubungan antara beban kerja fisik dengan perasaan kelelahan kerja karena (P value = 0.009<0.05).
Hubungan Antara Umur, Masa Kerja dan Beban Kerja Fisik dengan Kelelahan Kerja Pada Pekerja Di Pabrik Kerupuk Subur dan Pabrik Kerupuk Sahara Di Yogyakarta
Authors: Rusila Yustika , Edward Kirana
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Kelelahan menunjukkan penurunan daya kerja dan ketahanan tubuh untuk bekerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pekerja pabrik kerupuk Subur dan pabrik kerupuk Sahara di Yogyakarta, pekerja di tempat tersebut mayoritas berusia 20-47 tahun dengan mayoritas masa kerja >5 tahun serta pekerja yang mengandalkan kekuatan fisik pekerja diharuskan bekerja sesuai target yang memicu pekerja mengalami kelelahan. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional dengan sampel 32 responden. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah totality sampling. Instrument yang digunakan berupa kuesioner IFRC yang diadopsi dari buku Tarwaka dan Oximeter. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji Chi-square. Hasil: Hasil univariat umur muda yaitu 22 orang (68,8%), masa kerja lama yaitu 20 orang (62,5%), beban kerja ringan yaitu 18 orang (56,2%), kelelahan kerja kategori berat yaitu 19 orang (59,4%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan ada hubungan antara umur (p-value 0,047 < 0,05), masa kerja (p-value 0,007 < 0,05) dan beban kerja fisik (p-value 0,021 < 0,05) dengan kelelahan kerja pada pekerja di pabrik kerupuk Subur dan pabrik kerupuk Sahara di Yogyakarta. Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan antara umur, masa kerja dan beban kerja fisik dengan kelelahan kerja pada pekerja di pabrik kerupuk Subur dan pabrik kerupuk Sahara di Yogyakarta.
Manajemen Risiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Industri Tempe Murni Muchlar Yogyakarta
Authors: Rofa Jefry Octaviano
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Berbagai risiko dari perkembangan industri dapat menyebabkan berbagai kasus kecelakaan hingga kematian. Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) merupakan aspek yang penting dalam rangka pertimbangan dan penerapan dalam setiap kegiatan dalam pekerjaan karena memiliki dampak yang besar. Industri pembuatan tempe merupakan bidang usaha pangan informal dengan berbagai macam proses. Terdapat berbagai macam bahaya yang ditimbulkan seperti bahaya fisik, ergonomi, dan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk Mengetahui Manajemen Risiko Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) di Industri Tempe Murni Muchlar Yogyakarta. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah pengurus industri dan keseluruhan pekerja. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri berperan pernuh dalam menetapkan fokus penelitian. Alat penelitian yang digunakan lembar ceklist observasi dan panduan wawancara informan. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil identifikasi bahaya K3 terdapat 20 bahaya dan 20 risiko. Hasil penilaian risiko K3 didapatkan hasil bahwa risiko kaki terpotong dan luka bakar masuk dalam tingkat risiko sangat tinggi (Extreme). Pengendalian risiko K3 yang telah dilakukan yaitu menyediakan air minum dan APAR. Rekomendasi pengendalian antara lain menyediakan APD, ventilasi, alat nanometer, dan peregangan otot, serta housekeeping. Kesimpulan: Analisis manajemen risiko K3 di Industri Tempe Murni Muchlar belum pernah dilakukan. Upaya pengendalian dari pihak pengurus industri masih belum optimal.
Analisis Penerapan Program Keselamatan Kerja PT. Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Pusat Pengujian, Pengembangan Inovasi (P31)
Authors: Safitri Diah
Published: October 2024

PT. Adhi Karya already had various K3 programs. In the implementation, there were still shortcomings and there were still work accidents. With the existing work program, the researcher wants to analyze further regarding the implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health program at PT. Adhi Karya Building Project for the Testing and Innovation Development Center (P3I) Universitas Gadjah Mada. The research conducted last was a qualitative research that uses a descriptive qualitative design. This study uses a case study design or case study. The informants interviewed consisted of 2 key informants and 4 triangular informants. Informants were selected using purposive sampling technique.The results of the research that has been done show that PT. Adhi Karya has a fairly good planning, the planning is carried out in accordance with the standards of the Permenaker No. 5 of 2018. There are shortcomings in the implementation of K3, namely the uneven distribution of K3 training provided to workers, and the implementation of the program is not in accordance with the planned schedule. The inspection is classified as good, this is indicated by the complete monthly report and routine K3 monitoring is carried out every day. The action is considered good, the company firmly gives warnings to workers who violate the K3 program. Planning, inspection and actions related to the K3 program are considered good, there are deficiencies in the implementation of the K3 program.
Analisis Kualitas Pencahayaan Ruang Dokter Gigi Sesuai Peraturan Indonesia di Klinik
Authors: Nurcahyo Rizky Eko
Published: October 2024

Penerangan yang kurang memadai merupakan penyebab tunggal 5% kecelakaan industri, dan salah satu penyebab dari 20% lebih gangguan pada mata. Perbaikan pencahayaan ditempat kerja meningkatkan kondisi kerja dan produktivitas, hal ini menandakan pencahayaan yang baik di beberapa tempat kerja menghasilkan peningkatan 10% produktivitas dan pengurangan kesalahan sebesar 30%. Ketegangan mata, kelelahan mata, sakit kepala, stres, dan kecelakaan dapat disebabkan pencahayaan buruk di tempat kerja apabila dilihat dari perspektif pekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif, dengan metode penelitian analisis deskriptif. Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan partisipan yaitu menggunakan metode purposive sampling berjumlah 5 informan. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan observasi, pengukuran, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Pengukuran didapatkan 5 titik pencahayaannya tidak sesuai standar. Pengukuran yang dilakukan pada titik diagonal dibawah lampu didapatkan nilai pengukuran dibawah standar, nilai terkecil sebesar 90 lux dan nilai terbesar sebesar 1282 lux. Pengukuran yang dilakukan pada titik tepat dibawah lampu didapatkan nilai pengukuran dibawah standar, nilainya sebesar 130 lux dan nilai terbesar yang mendekati standar sebesar 231 lux. Hasil pengukuran pada meja operasi dengan sistem pencahayaan setempat didapatkan cahaya pada titik tersebut melebihi ambang batas dengan jangkauan lampu ke permukaan meja operasi konstan. Intensitas pencahayaan ruang dokter gigi klinik kusma dental care 2 tidak memenuhi persyaratan perundang-undangan yang berlaku karena pada pengukuran di ruang jauh dari standar yaitu 500-1000 lux sedangkan di meja operasi sendiri diperoleh angka 33000 lux. dokter mengalami beberapa gejala gangguan penglihatan saat perawatan kepada pasien.
Fostering Herculean Research
Authors: Pandey Ashish
Published: October 2024

In the realm of gynecology and obstetrics, the pursuit of knowledge and innovation is paramount. Our journal stands as a testament to the dedication and expertise of researchers, clinicians, and academicians who continually strive to advance the field and improve patient care. As we embark on this editorial journey, we celebrate the Herculean efforts of those who contribute to the wealth of information and insights within our pages.
The theme of Herculean research encapsulates the arduous yet rewarding path that researchers tread in unraveling the complexities of women's health. From addressing critical medical conditions to exploring new therapeutic modalities, each research endeavor represents a step forward in enhancing the well-being of women globally. As editors, reviewers, and readers, we play a vital role in nurturing and promoting such research initiatives.
Bioactivity and pH of Nano-White MTA Versus NeoMTA(TM) Plus® and MTA Angelus® as Root Repair Materials: An “In Vitro” Study
Authors: ELKHASHAB Rana , MAHRAN Abeer , BADR Mahmoud , ABU-SEIDA Ashraf
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study compared the bioactivity and pH of Nano-white mineral trioxide aggregate (NWMTA), Neo-mineral trioxide aggregate plus (NeoMTA Plus), and Mineral trioxide aggregate angelus (MTA-A) as root repair materials.
Methods: A total of 60 discs made from the three materials (20 discs each) were prepared accord ing to the manufacturer’s instructions. These discs were packed into plastic molds and allowed to set before testing. For bioactivity study, ten discs of each material were immersed in Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) for 28 days, and analyzed with scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX). Ten discs of each material were used to assess the pH chang es by the pH meter at 3 h, 24 h, 72 h, and 168 h. All data were statistically analyzed.
Results: After 28 days of immersing in HBSS, the crystals of Nano WMTA, NeoMTA Plus and MTA were covered with calcium phosphate precipitates with no statistically significant difference (P=0.908). The three tested materials induced alkalization of the deionized water after 3 h of immersion and started to decrease at 3 days continuing until the last test at 7 days.
Conclusion: The Nano WMTA, NeoMTA Plus and MTA have similar bioactivity and strong alkalizing activity. Keywords: Apatite-forming ability, MTA angelus, Nano-White MTA, Neo-MTA plus, Root perforations
Impact of contracted endodontic access cavity designs on root canal disinfection using diode laser: An “In-Vitro” Study
Authors: EL-TAYEB Mohamed M.N. , NABEEL Mohamed
Published: October 2024

Introduction: New approaches for minimal invasive endodontic access cavity designs had been introduced for preserving the structural integrity of the offending tooth. Diode laser has been now widely used in root canal disinfection and showing highly promising results.
Aim: to evaluate the impact of contracted endodontic access cavity designs on root canal disinfection using diode laser. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four intact freshly extracted human mandibular first molars were selected for the use in this study. Only the mesial roots of the selected samples were included in this study. Samples were randomly divided into three equal groups (n=18) according to the type of access cavity performed. Group (1): conventional access cavities, Group (2): Ninja access cavities, and Group (3): truss access cavities. Isolates of Enterococcus Faecalis (E.Fecacalis) were introduced in the root canals of the mesial roots of the selected samples. Samples were further sub-divided into two equal sub-groups (n=9) according to the disinfection method. Sub-group (a): Diode laser disinfection, and Sub-group (b): NaOCl 2.5% followed by EDTA 17% irrigation. Bacterial evaluation was performed using confocal laser scanning electron microscope.
Results: The results showed that using Diode laser disinfection have shown higher bacterial reduction in comparison to NaOCl irrigation, but with no statistically significant difference. For access cavity designs, regardless of the type of disinfection used, conventional access cavities have shown the highest bacterial reduction, with the least bacterial reduction with Ninja access cavities.
Conclusion: Contracted endodontic access cavities did not offer any advantages in comparison with the conventional endodontic access cavities regarding bacterial reduction. Diode laser can be used as an effective adjunct tool in root canal disinfection.
Dentists and hepatitis B vaccination – An "In Vivo" National Study
Authors: YARED Ghassan , AL-KHATIB Aynaa , EL MANHAL Wassim , YARED Nathalie , YOUNES Ronald
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Hepatitis B continues to be a serious occupational concern for dental healthcare practi tioners, with the possibility of transmission occurring during patient care practices. The incidence of hepatitis B amongst dentists, the factors raising their occupational risk, and the efficiency of vaccina tion programs in reducing this risk are all examined in this paper’s methodical evaluation of the body of prior research. This study addresses the important confluence of hepatitis B infection, occupational exposure, and vaccination status amongst dentists. In addition, it provides methods for improving the protection of dental professionals against hepatitis B infection by summarizing major findings and high lighting gaps in current knowledge, assuring the safety of both healthcare workers and their patients. The main objective of the study is to assess the relationship between Hepatitis B vaccination status and immunization level as measured by anti-HBs titer among a population of 192 dentists in Lebanon.
Materials & Methods: 192 dentists, underwent the anti-HBs titer blood test. This test, which is Elecsys Anti-HBs, was used for the quantitative assessment of antibodies against the HBsAg.
Results: The chi-square test was used to assess the association between being vaccinated against Hepatitis B and being immunized against the disease. A significant association was found between vaccination and immunity status. Among those vaccinated against Hepatitis B, 86.7% were found to be immune based on the blood test results versus 36.0% of those not vaccinated (p<0.001).
Conclusion: the current study’s It highlights how crucial it is to keep up efforts to increase vaccination rates and promote immunization in order to improve population health and well-being in general. A dentist can play a part in hepatitis prevention by treating each and every patient as a possible hepatitis carrier.
Targeting the Undruggable KRAS Mutation in Lung Cancer – A Review
Authors: Jones Clark
Published: October 2024

Targeting the KRAS mutation in lung cancer has proven to be a challenging yet essential task due to its intricate signaling mechanisms and high prevalence in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite historical setbacks, recent advancements have led to the approval of targeted therapies such as sotorasib and adagrasib, offering new hope for patients with KRAS-mutated lung cancer. Ongoing research and development efforts have introduced several promising candidates in the pipeline, showcasing promising compounds like a pan-KRAS inhibitor, which could potentially transform the treatment landscape for KRAS-mutant cancers. Artificial intelligence (AI) in accelerating drug discovery for KRAS-targeted therapies, leveraging machine learning algorithms to analyze vast amounts of data and predict the efficacy of potential drug candidates. AI- driven drug discovery is revolutionizing the field by enabling researchers to explore novel treatment strategies and develop innovative therapies for KRAS-mutant cancers. AI may be utilized to develop personalized treatment regimens, predict outcomes, and revolutionize the landscape of precision medicine for lung cancer patients with KRAS mutations. Through a combination of cutting-edge research, combination therapies, and AI-driven innovation, recent advancements illustrate profound hope in the field of targeting the historically undruggable KRAS mutation in lung cancer.
Efficacy of Empirical Co-Amoxiclav Vs Culture Directed Treatment in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media. A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors:   Department of ENT, Maroof Internation Hospital, Islamabad, Maqsood Manza , Naqvi Syed Ansab Hasnain ,   Department of ENT, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Hussain Altaf ,   Department of ENT, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Naqvi Syed Hasnain Muhammad ,   Department of Biochemistry, HBS medical and dental college, Islamabad
Published: October 2024

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is common middle ear inflammatory condition secondary to tympanic membrane perforation and superimposed infection, which causes increased discharge from middle ear mucosa. This is a common condition seen in relatively low socioeconomic status and in younger population. The effective treatment of this disease is essential as un-treated patients often lead to various complications like mastoiditis, facial nerve paralysis, labyrinthitis and abscess formation. A huge number of hearing loss in paediatric population is due to this condition. The treatment of CSOM includes aural toilet, topical antibiotics and in some cases systemic antibiotics. In this study we will compare the results of patients who were given culture sensitivity directed antibiotics with the ones who were given Co-Amoxiclav as an empiric treatment Methodology: A two-year observational cross-sectional study was conducted at PIMS, a total of 396 patients were enrolled and randomly divided into two group i.e., Group A and Group B with 198 patients in each. Group A included those who were given culture specific antibiotics and group B included those who were given Co-Amoxiclav as a part of empiric therapy. Their results were compared after 12 days of treatment in terms of response seen as clean and dried, external auditory canal along with middle ear mucosa. Results: Out of 198 patients in Group A, 177 patients had clean and dried middle ear mucosa which shows success rate of 89.39% and in Group B 170 patients out of 198 (85.85%) showed positive response. Conclusion: Empiric treatment of CSOM (Tubotympanic Type) with co-amoxiclav must be considered as its response is comparable to culture sensitivity directed treatment in terms of clean and dried external auditory canal and middle ear mucosa.
Integrating Pathology and Laboratory Medicine into the Transitional Clerkship Model: A Strategic Educational Realignment
Authors:   Professor, Department of Pathology, Rawalpindi Medical University, Ansari Wafa Munir
Published: October 2024

The structure of medical education is critical in shaping competent and well-rounded physicians. In recent years, the PMDC has proposed Harden level seven (correlation) as the minimal level of integration hence it has become imperative to propose a new framework of teaching of pathology. There has been growing recognition of the need to better integrate basic and clinical sciences throughout the medical curriculum.1 One area that demands such integration is Pathology, particularly as we seek to enhance the role of Special Pathology and Laboratory Medicine within the 4th year MBBS Transitional Clerkship model.
From Data to Action: Exploring Technological Interventions in Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Niazi Badam , Habibi Zargay , Momand M.Yusuf , Faizi Jamilurahman , NAQSHBANDI Said Ajmal
Published: October 2024

This research paper critically examines innovative approaches to climate change mitigation by integrating big data and technological interventions. Emphasizing the pivotal role of system-of-systems thinking, the study underscores its significance in addressing the complexities of mitigation challenges. By integrating diverse disciplines, data, and tools, system-of-systems thinking promotes a comprehensive understanding and necessitates deeper collaboration between industry initiatives and scientific research. Big data emerges as a powerful tool, contributing to climate change research and decision-making by modeling scenarios, transforming energy practices, and enhancing food and water security. The utilization of initiatives like the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Global Ocean Observing System fills crucial gaps in scientific, technical, and socio-economic data, enabling researchers to gain valuable insights into the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies. This study explores the application of big data and technological interventions across three primary domains of climate change mitigation: agriculture, cleaner production, and climate resilience. It categorizes emerging climate change mitigation technologies. In conclusion, the integration of system-of-systems thinking, big data, and emerging technologies offers a holistic and effective approach to addressing climate change mitigation challenges, empowering researchers and policymakers to devise comprehensive strategies for a sustainable future.
The Role of the Preacher in Environmental Protection from Pollution
Authors: Jan Naqeeb
Published: October 2024

This descriptive article, titled "The Role of the Preacher in Environmental Protection from Pollution," is written to shed light on the preacher's role and responsibility in benefiting both the individual and society. The preacher must understand and fulfill their role in changing what harms them concerning environmental protection, becoming a performer of their role and responsibility in this field. The environment, in which humans live, including the earth, water, and air, requires reform and change due to the damages it sustains. Our current environment is filled with problems and difficulties that harm human life. The preacher plays a crucial role in rectifying this phenomenon, changing the damages that jeopardize human life, ensuring the safety and security of human existence. Undoubtedly, preparing human life in this manner is highly desirable and of great importance.The importance of this article is heightened by adhering to scientific principles relevant to this scientific field. Each verse is attributed to the surah in which it appears, with its number mentioned within the surah. Prophetic traditions are derived from authentic sources, with judgments made except for those found in the two Sahih collections, as they do not require additional judgment. Every statement is attributed to its author, and the topic is presented in a suitable manner according to the researcher's perspective, Insha'Allah.
The Significance of International Cooperation on Climate Change Mitigation in Afghanistan
Authors: Akhtar Imranullah
Published: October 2024

Afghanistan confronts significant issues as a result of climate change, as the nation is susceptible to landslides, floods, droughts, and rising temperatures. Studying how international cooperation influences Afghanistan's attempts to mitigate climate change becomes crucial in light of these challenges. This study delves into the significance of such cooperation and its influence on Afghanistan's climate change policies and governance. To explore this topic, we employed a qualitative research approach along with content analysis, framed within a neoliberal framework. By adopting this approach, we aim to identify and analyze international cooperation on climate change in Afghanistan. The study reveals that international cooperation significantly impacts Afghanistan's climate change policy and governance, aligning with neoliberal institutionalism theory's emphasis on global challenges. Important conclusions from our research can help development partners, policymakers, and groups addressing climate change in Afghanistan. The results highlight the necessity of funding, technical support, and capacity building for the creation of successful policies and initiatives. Afghanistan can improve its resilience to climate change and sustainable development by placing a high priority on international cooperation. Financing, technical support, and opportunities for knowledge sharing would all be necessary for this. In addition to investments in sustainable agriculture, disaster risk reduction, facility training, foreign aid, and renewable energy, Afghanistan needs international funding currently. This article emphasizes the need for international cooperation in Afghanistan's struggle against climate change and the possibility for sustainable development through the exchange of information, operational help, and funding.
Investigating the Consequences of Climate Change and its Impact on Afghanistan’s Security
Authors: Yar Fayaz Gul Mazloum , Zarghani Sayyed Hadi
Published: October 2024

Today, climate change poses a threat to global security. Security is crucial in all areas and for all individuals. Therefore, this study identified the important and effective factors of climate change on Afghan security and categorized them. this study applies an exploratory method because of the nature of identifying factors and its purpose. This article provides an overview of the potential impacts of climate change on Afghanistan across economic, political, environmental, and social dimensions. This using the definitive definition of security, aims to address whether the transformations of the Taliban are advantageous to Afghanistan's survival and security. Research findings show that climate change is caused by changes in rainfall patterns, especially in arid regions, exacerbation and continuity of drought, reduced rangeland levels, decreased production of agricultural products, widespread migration, food security threats, and environmental challenges.
At the Crossroads of Physics and Climate: A Comprehensive Review of Climate Change in Afghanistan
Authors: Hosseini Seid Aboulghasem
Published: October 2024

Climate change in Afghanistan is important because it has severe impacts on various aspects of life, particularly the agricultural sector, which is the main source of income for the country's economy. More than 80% of Afghanistan's population is involved in farming, herding, or both, despite only 12% of the country's total land area being arable. Climate change is causing successive droughts, health problems, and damage to the environment, animals, and agriculture products in the country. The country has been experiencing an increased frequency of drought since the early 1960s, and it is anticipated that drought could become the norm by 2030. Furthermore, higher temperatures are expected to exacerbate flooding events due to more rapid snow melt in the spring. Climate change also has adverse effects on human health, water resources, and environmental diversity. Therefore, understanding the impact of climate change in Afghanistan is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate its effects and preserve the country's production capacity.This research delves into the mathematical and physical modeling of climate change in Afghanistan.
İslam Hukuk Düşüncesi Açısından Eşcinsellik
Authors: Sabun Meral
Published: October 2024

İslam hukukunda eşcinsellik ile ilgili bir değerlendirme yapabilmek için günümüzdeki eşcinsellik anlayışının ve eşcinsellikle ilgili kavramların, bu kavramların ortaya çıkışındaki düşünsel arka planın doğru analiz edilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu perspektiften yola çıkarak eserimizde, İslam hukukunda eşcinselliğe bakış ve eşcinsellikle ilgili hükümler değerlendirilmiştir. Günümüze kadar gelen çalışmaların aksine, eşcinselliği hemcinsler arasındaki cinsel birliktelikle sınırlayan yaklaşımlardan farklı olarak eşcinselliğin biyolojik, psikolojik, davranışsal ve toplumsal boyutları da ele alınmıştır. Bu doğrultuda hukukî açıdan eşcinsellik ile ilgili tespitlere varılmaya çalışılmıştır. Eşcinselliğin kişiyle ve toplumla ilişkili yönü doğru anlaşıldığında İslam hukukunun eşcinselliğe yaklaşımı ve eşcinsellikle ilgili hükümleri anlamak mümkün olacaktır. Bu bağlamda fıtrat konusu üzerinden eşcinsel eğilim ve davranışların insanın normali olmadığı, başta aile olmak üzere çevresel ve dışsal faktörlerin eşcinselliğin ortaya çıkmasındaki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Eşcinselliğin bireyle ilgili yönleri olduğu gibi sosyal boyutu olan, sosyal etkiyle yaygınlaşma potansiyali olan bir davranış olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Meselenin toplumsal yönü konuyu hukukî açdıdan ele almayı zorunlu kılmaktadır. Bu anlamda İslam hukukunda eşcinselliğin toplumda yaygınlaşmasının bireyi, aileyi ve nesli etkilemesi bakımından topluma olumsuz yansımaları olduğu değerlendirilmiş, bunun neticesinde eşcinsel fiili önlemeye yönelik kısıtlayıcı ve cezâi hükümler ortaya konmuştur. Konunun topluma, aileye ve dolayısıyla bireye zarar veren yönlerinin olması, meseleyi ceza hukuku bağlamında değerlendirmeyi zorunlu kılmıştır.
IMPROVING ICANN IN TEN EASY STEPS: TEN SUGGESTIONS FOR ICANN TO IMPROVE ITS ANTI-CYBERSQUATTING ARBITRATION SYSTEM
Authors: Badgley Robert
Published: October 2024

With the ICANN domain name dispute resolution regime in place for just over a year, practitioner Robert Badgley critiques its operation and identifies a number of early problems which have permitted different arbitration panels to reach contrary conclusions on the same issue. Badgley then offers ten steps that ICANN should undertake to cure these problems, with the overriding theme being to eliminate ambiguity and facilitate establishment of a uniform body of ICANN "precedent" for cybersquatting disputes. Establishing the context for his analysis, the author first examines the ICANN "statute" governing cybersquatting disputes and the ICANN rules of procedure governing the arbitration system. The analysis defines "cybersquatting" and describes the power and function of ICANN arbitrators. Next, Badgley identifies and suggests resolutions for five procedural problems involving issues, such as, what should be the consequence of the failure to respond to a complaint, and what sanctions should be available for a complainant who engages in reverse domain name highjacking. Finally, the author surveys substantive problems with the ICANN "statute. " He identifies and recommends solutions to problems, such as, the need to clarify the analysis of the "identical or confusingly similar" element of an ICANN claim, how that analysis should be applied to "gripe sites," and the inherent problem of proving a negative under the "rights or legitimate interests" element.
Indirect markers of muscle damage in military physical training session with neuromuscular and aerobic exercises in circuit (Cross operational): acute effects and recoverability
Authors: Fernandez Ferreira Paula , De Barros Sena Marcio Antonio , Moraes Gonçalves Michel , Meira Mainenti Miriam Raquel , De Sá Rego Fortes Marcos
Published: October 2024

The Brazilian army recently developed the military physical training “Cross Operational” (CO), composed of four different difficulty levels. The moderate/high intensity character of CO can damage the muscle fibers, characterized by alterations at the cellular level, which can be evaluated indirectly by intramuscular proteins showing up in the bloodstream. In this context, the analysis of muscle damage biomarkers can be used as part of an initial injury prevention tool and in the evaluation of training progression and post-exercise recovery. This study aimed to observe the acute effect of CO on indirect markers of muscle damage in military personnel of the Brazilian army. Twenty-four male recruits aged between 18 and 26 years participated in the study. The four sessions corresponding to the CO levels were performed in cross-design, with a seven-day washout period, and blood samples were collected at rest, immediately after, 24 and 48 hours after each training session. The measured markers were creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (Mb) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In all CO levels, CK had a significant increase 24 hours after CO, whereas Mb and LDH incresead immediately after CO. Regarding recovery time, LDH returned to baseline values within 48 hours in all levels, whereas CK and Mb, after 48 hours of recovery, reduced but did not return to baseline in level 4. The serum elevations of the biomarkers studied, like those found in studies with other consolidated physical training methods, suggest that CO can contribute to the improvement of the physical training of military personnel.
Kajian Terhadap Kedudukan Advokat Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia
Authors: Saepudin Acep
Published: October 2024

Kajian ini meneliti kedudukan advokat dalam sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia. Tujuan utamanya adalah menganalisis peran dan pentingnya advokat dalam menjamin persidangan yang adil serta menegakkan hak-hak terdakwa. Masalah utama yang dibahas adalah efektivitas advokat dalam mengatasi kompleksitas hukum dan melindungi kepentingan hukum klien mereka. Metodologi yang digunakan melibatkan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan penelitian hukum doktrinal dan analisis literatur hukum. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi advokat, termasuk akses terbatas ke berkas perkara, campur tangan dari aparat penegak hukum, dan kendala lainnya yang dapat menghambat upaya advokat dalam memberikan pembelaan yang maksimal. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa advokat memainkan peran krusial dalam proses peradilan pidana. Mereka sering menjadi garda terdepan dalam memastikan bahwa prosedur hukum dijalankan dengan adil dan bahwa hak-hak terdakwa dilindungi sepenuhnya. Meskipun menghadapi berbagai hambatan, kehadiran advokat sangat penting untuk menjaga integritas peradilan dan melindungi hak asasi manusia. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa memperkuat kemandirian, kompetensi, dan sumber daya advokat adalah langkah penting untuk meningkatkan efektivitas keseluruhan sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia. Penguatan ini tidak hanya akan meningkatkan kualitas pembelaan hukum yang diberikan tetapi juga akan berkontribusi pada kepercayaan publik terhadap sistem peradilan pidana secara keseluruhan.
Analisis Putusan MK Nomor 56/PUU-XX/2022 Tentang Pengujian Materiil UU Nomor 7 Tahun 2020
Authors: Ginting Suka Samuel Yakub Radja , Indra Mexsasai , Akmal Zainul
Published: October 2024

Kekuasaan yudikatif adalah kekuasaan independen yang melaksanakan fungsi peradilan. Mahkamah Konstitusi adalah lembaga yang melaksanakan kekuasaan yudikatif berdasarkan Pasal 24C Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Selain itu, Komisi Yudisial adalah bagian dari kekuasaan yudikatif tetapi tidak melaksanakan fungsi peradilan. Komisi Yudisial berfungsi menyeimbangkan kekuasaan kehakiman dengan wewenang menjaga dan menegakkan martabat serta perilaku hakim. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif, yang mengkonseptualisasikan hukum sebagai apa yang tertulis dalam peraturan perundang-undangan (law in book). Penelitian ini berkaitan dengan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 56/PUU-XX/2022 yang menguji materiil Pasal 27A ayat (2) Huruf B Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2020 tentang Mahkamah Konstitusi. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 56/PUU-XX/2022 menyatakan bahwa satu anggota Komisi Yudisial sebagai unsur Dewan Kehormatan Mahkamah Konstitusi bertentangan dengan Konstitusi dan dihapuskan. Pembentukan Komisi Yudisial bertujuan mengatasi praktik mafia peradilan dan memulihkan kepercayaan publik terhadap peradilan. Komisi Yudisial diamanatkan oleh Pasal 24B ayat (2) untuk melindungi dan menegakkan kehormatan hakim, sedangkan Mahkamah Konstitusi berpendapat bahwa hakim yang dimaksud berbeda dari hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam kedudukannya. Konstitusi tidak membedakan hakim berdasarkan posisi atau fungsi. Pengecualian Komisi Yudisial ini dikhawatirkan membuka peluang praktik mafia peradilan. Putusan ini juga membuat Mahkamah menjadi lembaga yudikatif super body tanpa pengawasan eksternal yang akan menegakkan etika hakim konstitusi.
Legal Status of Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego as a Public Development Finance Institution
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Skuza Sebastian
Published: October 2024

Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego is an important institution in the domestic financial system. The scope of tasks entrusted to it led to a decision to regulate some issues related to its functioning by means of a separate act, introducing solutions of lex specialis nature concerning banks operating on commercial principles. The monograph, as one of the first on the market, presents domestic legal solutions contained in the Act of 14 March 2003 on Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego, their analysis and an assessment of the legitimacy of their functioning in the context of the lex specialis rule, also in the aspect of foreign solutions. The author also reviews other universally applicable provisions of domestic law, in particular the Banking Law Act, as well as the legal solutions functioning at the level of the European Union and the internal law of selected European Union member states with regard to the functioning of BGK.