bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A case study on the assessment of perception towards body image and nutritional status among girl students studying in a district college in West Bengal
Authors: Banerjee Swapan , Kumar Sudhir , Begum Rumpa , Das Suparna , Sharma Pragya
Published: December 2021

Students, mainly girl students, are the future of our society. Hence, it's most important to look into the critical aspects like health, education, self-respect, and earning opportunity. Women and children are the vulnerable sections worldwide. Data shows that young adolescent girls, including college students, usually suffer from anemia, hair and skin issues, obesity or underweight issues, and more. Additionally, urban girls are also psychologically affected due to their perception of body image and overall improper nutritional status. Our study is a survey-oriented study where a simple random sampling method has been used. The survey was conducted in a district girls' college in West Bengal for two days in October 2018. Two dietitians, two nutrition subject experts, and one homeopathic doctor were present with the pre-tested semi-structured questionnaires format duly filled by each respondent. 110 interested girl students studying graduation participated in the primary health cum nutrition screening. BMI calculation through height and weight measurements, screening of nails, hair, skin, tongue, dietary habits, and basic nutrition knowledge assessments were made on the spot. Altogether, data was collected through the dichotomous questionnaires based on nutrition, personal health, and hygiene, followed by subjective opinions and perceptions of the participants' body image. SPSS version-16 was applied for statistical analysis. Twelve attributes were used in the dichotomous questionnaires that found 67% were overweight cum obese. The study revealed 12% anemic, 13% excess hair loss, 62% skin conditioning issues, 65.4% acne or pimples,65% menstruation issues, and 4.5% depression. The study analyzed all the personal attributes to assess their image perception and nutritional status as well. Image complexion is not always essential, but some participants expressed their feeling about their improper appearance. Above all, everyone accepted that proper nutrition is always a significant factor for good health.
A Novel Drug Delivery System: Floating Microspheres in the Development of Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System
Authors: Gupta Vandana , Singh Jaya
Published: December 2021

Gastric emptying is a complicated process in the human body because it is very inconstant, resulting in ambiguous in vivo drug delivery system efficacy. To combat this variability, scientists have been working on developing a regulated medication delivery system with a long gastric residence period. This review article on gastroretentive drug delivery systems (GRDDS) focuses on numerous gastroretentive approaches that have recently emerged as a leading methodology in the field of site-specific orally administered controlled release drug administration. Gastroretentive medicines come in a variety of forms on the market, including tablets, granules, capsules, floating microspheres, laminated films, and powders. Floating microspheres are currently garnering more attention than previous techniques because of their benefits, which include more consistent drug absorption and a lower risk of local discomfort. The primary goal of this method is to increase gastric retention time in the GIT, which is defined as more than 12 hours in the stomach with an absorption window in the upper small intestine. Longer stomach retention improves bioavailability, reduces drug waste, and boosts solubility for medications that are less soluble in a high pH environment. The medicines are released into the stomach for a long time and consistently thanks to the floating microsphere systems. The current study compiles the most recent research on the techniques of production, characterization, and numerous aspects that impact the performance of floating microspheres for oral administration.
Long-Term Survival of a Patient with Hepatocellular Carcinoma under Treatment with Viscum album – Case Report
Authors: Viana Valle Ana Catarina , de Carvalho Aloísio Cunha
Published: December 2021

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver neoplasm in dogs and can be treated by the Viscum album therapy in a curative or palliative way. The objective is to report a hepatocellular carcinoma case in a dog treated by homeopathic therapy, extending to Palliative Care, with a 24-month survival. A 12-year-old Schnauzer male with a history of a liver nodule was treated by intravenous and subcutaneous applications of V. album in different dynamization and combinations, chromotherapy, and oral homeopathic medicines. The tumor growth was controlled, and the health condition of the patient was stable while the medication was given as prescribed. However, as application frequency was reduced, tumor growth increased, and health deterioration was verified. Nevertheless and contrary to expectations, the patient had a 24-month survival. Therefore, these findings point to the potential of V. album on enhancing the quality of life, controlling tumor growth, and prolonging survival on patients with HCC. Patients under continuous treatment would benefit better of these properties.
Long-term Clinical Outcomes of Vitrectomy with 360° Laserpexy or Scleral Encircling in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
Authors: Kim Min Jin , Lee Sung Jin , Choi Kyung Seek
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To compare long-term clinical outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with intraoperative 360° laserpexy and pars plana vitrectomy combined with scleral encircling for the treatment of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).Methods: This retrospective, comparative case study included 70 patients who had at least 1 year of follow-up after vitrectomy for primary uncomplicated RRD from 2015 to 2019. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I included 34 patients who underwent PPV + 360° laserpexy (LP), while group II included 36 patients who underwent PPV + scleral encircling (SE). Main outcome measures were the anatomical success rate, the functional success rate, final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and the incidence of post-operative complications. We also examined the long-term changes in axial length, corneal curvature, and refractive error before and after surgery.Results: LP and SE groups showed no significant differences with respect to the primary anatomical success rate (97.05% and 94.44%, respectively; p = 0.592) or the functional success rate (BCVA ≥ 20/40 at final follow-up; 82.35% and 77.78%, respectively; p = 0.635). Detachment reoccurred in three cases (one in the LP group and two in the SE group) because of proliferative vitreoretinopathy; both cases in the SE group had successful anatomical re-attachment after repeating the PPV procedure. Complications included post-operative epiretinal membrane and cystic macular edema, as well as increased intraocular pressure.Conclusions: Primary vitrectomy combined with 360° laserpexy has effectiveness similar to vitrectomy combined with scleral encircling in patients with RRD in long-term clinical outcomes.
Bi-weekly Subconjunctival Injection of Bevacizumab for Corneal Neovascularization after Burn Injury
Authors: Hong In Hwan , Han Jae Ryong , Park Min Ji
Published: December 2021

Purpose: We report two cases of corneal neovascularization (NV) after burn injury successfully treated by subconjunctival bevacizumab injections at 2-week intervals.Case summary: Three bi-weekly subconjunctival injections of bevacizumab were administered to two patients with corneal NV after burn injury. In our first patient, corneal NV was markedly reduced by bevacizumab injection. The patient exhibited with a clear cornea and improved visual acuity (20/30) after treatment. Eleven weeks after the last injection, the cornea remained clear, with clinical regression of smaller vessels; the improvement in visual acuity was maintained. In the second case, the diameter of the vessels, hemorrhagic lesions, and corneal edema decreased/regressed, with improvement of the visual acuity to 20/25; these improvements persisted for 12 weeks after the last subconjunctival injection.Conclusions: Our results suggest that bi-weekly subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab is well-tolerated and effective for inhibiting chronic corneal NV after burn injury.
Acanthoamoeba Keratitis Induced by a Therapeutic, Soft Contact Lens: Diagnosis via Gram Staining
Authors: Lee Sun Young , Cho Yang Kyung
Published: December 2021

Purpose: We report two cases of Acanthamoeba keratitis diagnosed by Gram staining in patients who had recently worn therapeutic, soft contact lenses and had no history of lens use for visual correction.Case summary: The first patient was initially diagnosed with suspected mixed bacterial or fungal keratitis before a final diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis was confirmed by Gram staining of a corneal smear. The second patient was initially diagnosed with a persistent epithelial defect caused by an earlier lid injury inflicted by a metallic foreign body, and then with a suspected mixed infection combined with herpetic uveitis. The patient was finally diagnosed with Acanthamoeba keratitis by Gram staining of a corneal smear. Both cases were treated with polyhexamethylene biguanide and chlorhexidine.Conclusions: Therapeutic, soft contact lenses are used to enhance corneal, epithelial wound healing in conjunction with antimicrobial prophylaxis. However, application of such a lens to a diseased cornea may predispose to the development of microbial keratitis caused by microorganisms resistant to the usual, prophylactic, antimicrobial eye drops. Therapeutic, soft contact lenses are associated with a risk of Acanthamoeba keratitis; early diagnosis is important. Gram staining of a corneal smear is useful in this context. Acanthamoeba is not eradicated by empirical broad-spectrum antimicrobials.
Atypical Multiple Sclerosis Presenting as Bilateral Optic Neuritis
Authors: Lee Sun Young , Park Mi-Ra
Published: December 2021

Purpose: We report a case of multiple sclerosis with bilateral optic neuritis that was atypical in terms of both the clinical signs and symptoms.Case summary: A 34-year-old female visited the department of neurology with a complaint of sudden-onset, left lower extremity weakness and numbness that had developed 3 weeks prior, and bilateral blurred vision that had commenced 2 weeks prior. The patient was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis and prescribed high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone for 3 days, but the blurred vision did not improve. The patient was referred to the ophthalmology department. The initial best-corrected visual acuity was 0.04 in both eyes, and the relative afferent pupillary defect test was positive for the left eye. The Ishihara color test scores were 1/17 for both eyes. No optic disc swelling was evident on fundus examination. Brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging (T2-weighted) performed during the initial visit revealed lesions of high signal intensity in the frontal, subcortical white matter; the optic chiasm; the left retrobulbar optic segment; the medulla; and the spinal C2-5 processes. Aquaproin-4 immunogloblin G antibody (AQP4-IgG Ab) was not detected in serum. One month after prescription of the oral steroid, the vision improved to 1.0 in the right and 0.8 in the left eye. The patient was lost to follow-up after prescription of interferon-beta for 4 years, without recurrence.Conclusions: Binocular optic neuritis accompanied by severe visual loss is a rare form of multiple sclerosis. A thorough diagnosis (with a focus on exclusion) is required, as is appropriate treatment.
Biofertilizantes pulverizados nas folhas e no sulco de semeadura na cultura do amendoim
Authors: Betiol Olavo , Palviqueres Letícia Pelicioni , Ruiz Fábio Fiori , Leal Élcio Rios Pérez , Bolonhezi Denizart
Published: December 2021

Os biofertilizantes são insumos importantes para obtenção de altas produtividades na cultura do amendoim, pois contribuem para reduzir os estresses bióticos e abióticos, bem como estimulam a simbiose com bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio e outros microorganismos benéficos. Com objetivo de estudar o efeito do biofertilizante Vorax® e inoculante Atmo® sobre algumas características agronômicas dos cultivares de amendoim IAC OL-3 e IAC-503, foram instalados ensaios de campo em LATOSSOLO Vermelho eutroférrico, textura argilosa, situado no IAC em Ribeirão Preto/SP. Com delineamento blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, na safra 2019/20, foram estudados 5 tratamentos na cultivar IAC OL-3: controle (T1); 50 mL ha-1 de Vorax® pulverizados aos 25 (T2); aos 25 e 50 (T3), 25, 50 e 80 dias após a semeadura (T4), bem como o biofertilizante na dose de 30 mL ha-1 pulverizado em conjunto com os fungicidas a partir dos 45 DAS (T5). Na safra 2020/21, o ensaio com mesmo delineamento, testou 07 tratamentos na cultivar IAC 503: controle (T1); Atmo® (300 mL ha-1) no sulco de semeadura + Synflex® 150 mL ha-1 (T2); T2 + MQL007 (50 mL ha-1) no sulco de semeadura (T3); T3 + MQL007 (50 mL ha-1) pulverizado aos 25 DAS (T4); MQL007 (50 mL ha-1) pulverizado aos 25 DAS (T5); Vorax® (50 mL ha-1) pulverizado aos 25, 50 e 80 DAS (T6); T6 + pulverização aos 100 DAS (T7). Conclui-se para as condições dos experimentos que: três pulverizações de Vorax® (50 mL ha-1) proporcionaram aumentos significativos na ordem de 27% e 24%, respectivamente para os cultivares IAC OL-3 e IAC 503, bem como a aplicação no sulco do inoculante Atmo® + Synflex® associado com bioestimulante MQL007 proporcionou ganhos de 27% na produtividade de vagens do IAC 503.
Mistura de herbicidas na cultura do amendoim
Authors: Marques Gabriel Ranchert , César Carrega Willians , Piazentine Ana Eliza , Alves Pedro Luís da Costa Aguiar
Published: December 2021

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A mistura de herbicidas em cultivos agrícolas é uma estratégia de manejo de plantas daninhas que já vem sendo empregada há muitos anos em todo o país. No entanto, é uma prática que foi regulamentada recentemente e, por isso, muitas vezes tem sido empregada de forma indiscriminada e inapropriada. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a seletividade de misturas de herbicidas aplicadas em pré-emergência na cultura do amendoim, cultivar Granoleico. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, tendo como tratamentos 13 misturas de herbicidas aplicadas em pré-emergência e uma testemunha (sem tratamento químico), com 4 repetições. Foram realizadas avaliações semanais de intoxicação do amendoim dos 7 aos 84 dias após a aplicação das misturas. Ao final do ciclo do amendoim (140 dias após a semeadura) foi determinada a produtividade de vagens e os dados extrapolados para kg ha-1. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F, e as médias, comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Dentre os tratamentos e parâmetros avaliados, verificou-se que a mistura de flumioxazina + clorimuron, sulfentrazone + imazetapir e sulfentrazone + clomazone proporcionaram reduções significativas de todos os parâmetros. De posse dos resultados levantados neste estudo, concluiu-se que as misturas dos herbicidas diclosulan + s-metolachlor, diclosulan + trifluralina, diclosulan + imazetapir, flumioxazina + imazetapir e flumioxazina + imazapic foram seletivas para a cultura do amendoim. Nas doses, tipo de solo e condições edafoclimáticas estudadas, as misturas de flumioxazina + trifluralina. flumioxazina + s-metolachlor, fomesafen + s-metolachlor, diclosulan + imazapic, imazetapir + flumioxazina, sulfentrazone + imazetapir, flumioxazina + clorimuron e sulfentrazone + clomazone não são seletivos para cultura, podendo causar redução de até 56% na produtividade do amendoim.
The Shape Of Memory. An active, participatory and holistic instrumental learning model
In music training, for the musician of the future
Authors: Mina Marco
Published: December 2021

In this paper the topic of memory (linked to many fields of investigation, in addition to the music one) is faced by a particular interpretative perspective that places it halfway between psycho-pedagogical research and a more specific path of investigation of musical-analytical-formal type, with characteristics, I would say, holistic. Starting from this “thematic intersection” (psycho-pedagogical and formal-analytical), the present study tries to focus on an aspect that is not completely unknown about the subject of memory (at least not in the specific literature currently available, but perhaps still not specifically valued in a pedagogical way) thus determining the identification of all the potential that memory possesses, the characteristics, the formative aspects.
Հոդվածում հիշողության թեման (հետազոտությունների բազմաթիվ ոլորտների, այդ թվում՝ երաժշտության հետ առնչությամբ) առերեսվում է մեկնաբանական որոշակի հեռանկարով, որն այն տեղավորում է հոգեբանական-մանկավարժական ուսումնասիրությունների և երաժշտական-վերլուծական-ձևային տեսակի ավելի մասնավոր հետազոտության մեջտեղում, ես կասեի՝ ամբողջական բնութագրով։ Սկսած իր թեմատիկ «խաչաձևումից» (հոգեբանական-մանկավաժական և ձևային-վերլուծական)՝ հոդվածը փորձում է անդրադառնալ մի հանգամանքի, որը ամբողջապես անծանոթ չէ հիշողության թեմատիկային (առնվազն ներկայում գոյություն ունեցող որոշակի գրականությանը, որը հավանաբար դեռևս դիտարկված չէ մանկավարժական տեսանկյունից), ինչպես նաև սահմանել հիշողության բովանդակության նույնականացումները, բնութագրիչները, ձևային դիտանկյունները։
Effect of Some Preservative Solutions on Some Morphometric Features of Planiliza abu (Heckel, 1843)
Authors:   Iraqi Natural History Museum and research Center / University of Baghdad, Inad Ghazwan Mohammed
Published: December 2021

The present study attempts to find out the effect of some fish preservatives in the laboratory, such as alcohol and dilute formalin, on some biological characteristics related to the body measurements of those fish preserved in these materials. The fish used in this study were the local Planiliza abu. The processes of expansion and contraction of the bodies of fish preserved in diluted formalin solution at a concentration of 10% and diluted ethyl alcohol solution at a concentration of 70%. As that the standard length of the specimens of this study, which are separately preserved in formalin 10% and alcohol 70%, in a completely isolated are fluctuating in change. Constant shrinkage in head length in both diluted formalin and alcohol. Most fish bodies preserved in formalin at a concentration of 10% gain significant weight gain, in contrast to alcohol preservation.
Covid-19 Pandemic: Financial Impact and Intention to Stay in Current Business of Sabah Tamu Operators
Authors: Yaakob Abdul Rahman , Lily Jaratin , Idris Sidah , Jamrin Zuraidah
Published: December 2021

In Sabah, Malaysia, a traditional market known as Tamu (means meeting) acts as a hub for local business activity, especially indigenous people. This paper presents an exploratory study whose goal is to investigate the Covid-19 pandemic financial impact and intention to stay in the current business of Tamu operators. Using purposive and snowballing sampling, survey data were collected from 125 Tamu business operators in Sabah. Among the respondents, 61.6 percent indicated Tamu business as their primary income and main entrepreneurial platform. The Covid-19 pandemic Movement Control Order (MCO) enforcement resulted in the Tamu entrepreneurs experiencing 34.2 percent decrease in weekly sales revenue and a 25.7 percent reduction in weekly gross profit. Furthermore, the overall mean score for the Tamu operators' intention to remain in the Tamu business is high at 4.37 based on 5-point likert scale. Thus, the Sabah Tamu operators are more likely to sustain their Tamu business despite the adverse financial impact of the Covid-19 MCO enforcement. This study outcome may guide the relevant government agencies to mitigate the financial impact by formulating and implementing appropriate policies and support programs specifically targeted for the Tamu business operators, who are mostly informal entrepreneurs.
Frequency of Fires in the Miombo Woodland of the Gilé National Park. Province of Zambezia
Authors: Pungulanhe Luís A. , S. Ribeiro Natasha , M. C. Veterano Tomázia
Published: December 2021

Fires occur in a widespread manner in various types of vegetation cover at national level, and are often associated with human hunting, grazing and above all the practice of itinerant agriculture. With the purpose to propose the map of frequency of fire, remote sensing data was collected from 2014 to 2018, using the Moderate Resolution Image Spectroradiometer (MODIS) of the burned area (MCD64A1), which allowed the construction of the map of frequency and intensity of fires, associated with data collected in 59 plots on field. It was observed that the Gilé National Park (PNAG) records an average fire frequency of 0.38 times/year and the return interval of 5.38 years, and an average fire return interval of 2.62 years. During the study period, the PNAG burned 92.8% of the area, which means that on average for each year it burned about 18.56% of its area, there are no significant differences in relation to the area burned per year (p> 0.942037) but there are significant differences in relation to the area burned per month (p <1.24e-07).
Financial Development, Income Inequality and Poverty Alleviation: Some Empirical Evidence
Authors: Bogari Adel
Published: December 2021

This study examines the relationship between financial development, income inequality and poverty reduction in a sample of 48 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, observed during the 1980-2017 period. The results indicate that financial development, when proxied by private sector credit and liquid liabilities, reduces poverty. The results are mixed for the Claims on domestic real nonfinancial sector by the Central Bank. On the other hand, the results of the direct and cross-estimates showed a positive and significant effect of income inequality on poverty. We conclude that income inequality is such large that a larger proportion of the population is impoverished and the poverty gap is widening further. Moreover, income inequality seems to slow down the positive effects of financial development on poverty reduction. The findings allow us to recommend that monetary and public authorities in SSA countries support the development of the financial sector, particularly banks, encourage financial institutions to channel financial resources to the poor but with income-generating initiatives and enforce laws to control income inequality.
The Russian-Ukrainian War in Ukrainian Political Discourse
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine  „Igor Sikorski Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Berezovenko Antonina
Published: December 2021

The proposed article aims to explore the discursive dynamics of Ukraine caused by the Russian-Ukrainian war. The semantic and pragmatic dominants of relevant political texts were revealed by the method of discursive and content analysis. The article considers the peculiarities of the political discourse of Ukraine after the beginning of the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in 2014. Discursive changes in wartime are analyzed through comparisons with the pre-war state, the leading feature of which was the mode of „brotherhood” with Russia. In the course of the analysis it was established that there was no logical immediate change to a „hostile” discourse with the beginning of the Russian aggression. Ukraine was unprepared for an adequate response to Russia's military aggression not only in real but also in discursive terms. Instead, a euphemistic complex was formed in Ukrainian political discourse to present Russia's aggressive actions as something else, something different. In this regard, an attempt is made to analyze the reasons for the belated response of Ukrainian society, especially the leading echelon of Ukrainian politics, to external aggression. Particular attention as a reason for this state of affairs is paid to post-totalitarian influences, which remain relevant to the socio-political dynamics of Ukraine. Among the key ones is the lack of a full-fledged historical and political narrative and the reproduction of mental schemes of the totalitarian past. Along with this, positive changes in the representation of the Russian-Ukrainian military confrontation as such were identified and studied. The discursive mechanisms of creating a narrative adequate to the military situation and discursive means that oppose Russian aggression are analyzed. At the same time, it was found that in the process of forming a specific discursive order, certain canons and standards of the former metropoly remain relevant in the Ukrainian context. First of all, it concerns the inclusion of substandard elements in the official communicative repertoire as a tool of information confrontation in hybrid aggression. The article concludes that a holistic historical and political narrative is the cornerstone for the formation of national and state identity. Without this, the establishment of a full-blooded state subjectivity of Ukraine appears to be an extremely difficult task. In modern Ukrainian realities, we have not a uniquely specific political discourse as part of a detailed historical and political narrative, but a post-totalitarian discursive surrogate, in the mirror of which even the contrasting notions of war and peace lose the necessary clarity. Key words: Russian-Ukrainian war, political discourse, historical and political narrative, post-totalitarian consciousness.
Comparison of Outcome of Three Different Approaches for Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Children
Authors: Shah Syed Usman , Younas Mohammad , Khattak Naseer Ullah , Shehzar Khan Amina Gul , Shah Sultan , Adeel Muhammad , Ali Shah Syed Qasim
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is compare the outcomes among three different approaches (lateral approach, medial approach and posterior approach) for supracondylar humerus fractures in children. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study Place and Duration: The study was conducted at Orthopedics department of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad for duration of one year from January 2020 to December 2020. Methods: There were one hundred and thirty five children had supracondylar humerus fracture were presented. Patients were aged between 3-12 years. Informed written consent was taken from authorities for detailed demographics age, sex, cause of fracture and side of fracture. Patients were categorized into three equal groups, group A had 45 patients and received lateral approach, group B had 45 patients and received medial approach and group C received posterior approach with 45 cases. Shaft Condylar Angle (SCA) and Baumann angle were used to analyze the radiological result. All children were assessed using Flynn's criteria for functional outcomes, and the results were divided into Excellent, Good, Fair and Poor. Post-operative outcomes among all the three groups were calculated and compared. SPSS 23.0 version was used to analyze complete data. Results: There were 90 (66.7%) males (30 in each group and 45 (33.3%) females (15 in each group). In group A mean age was 6.88±5.45 years, mean age in group B was 7.11±5.33 years and in group C mean age was 7.17±5.66 years. Sports 85 (62.9%) was the most common cause of fracture followed by traffic accidents 30 (22.2%) and the rest were 20 (14.8%) fall from the height. According to radiological outcomes, Mean shaft condylar Angle in group A was 41.5±6.3, in group B was 41.8±1.9 and in group C was 40.1±3.8 respectively (P>0.05). Mean Bauman angle in group A was 18.8±6.11, group B was 19.4±7.5 and in group C 20.4±5.3 with (P>0.05). According to Flynn’s criteria, excellent outcomes were observed in 33 (73.3%) in LA group, 24 (53.3%) in MA group and 22 (48.9%) in PA group, good results were observed in 11(24.4%), 19 (42.2%) and 21 (46.7%), fair outcomes in 1 (2.2%), 2 (4.4%) and 2 (4.4%). Conclusion: As a result of this research, we have concluded that the lateral technique for supracondylar fractures is superior to the medial or posterior approaches in terms of radiological and functional results. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups. Keywords: Supracondylar fractures, Flynn’s criteria, Functional outcome, Open reduction
Outcome of Two Ring Hybrid Ilizarov Fixator in the Management of Proximal Tibial Fractures in Adults
Authors: Younas Mohammad , Usman Shah Syed , Ullah Khattak Naseer , Shehzar Khan Amina Gul , Shah Sultan , Adeel Muhammad , Ali Shah Syed Qasim
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the outcomes of using two ring hybrid ilizarov fixator for the management of proximal tibial fractures in adult patients. Study Design: Descriptive Study Place and Duration: Methods: There were 60 patients of both genders were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 25-65 years. Informed written consent was taken from all the patients for detailed demographics age, sex, body mass index and cause of fracture. All the patients had proximal tibial fractures were included, type of fractures were assessed by schatzker technique. Outcomes were assessed by using Rasmussen score in terms of excellent, good and fair. Radiological outcome was measured by fracture healing on radiography. Student t-test and chi square test was used. SPSS 24.0 was used to analyze all of the data. Results: There were 45 (75%) patients were males and 15 (25%) were female patients. Mean age of the patients was 42.3±7.43 years with mean BMI 25.07±6.29 kg/m2. Falling was the most common cause of fracture found in 33 (55%), followed by road traffic accidents in 17 (28.3%) and 10 (16.7%) fractures by assault. Majority of the patients were schatzker type VI fractures 34 (56.7%) followed by schatzker type V fractures in 11 (18.3%), metaphyseal fractures found in 8 (13.3%) cases and proximalone third shaft fractures in 7 (11.7%) cases. Mean surgery time was 4.2±6.17 hours and mean union time of fractures was 19.8±6.61 weeks. According to Rasmussen score 39 (65%) cases showed excellent results with knee flexion more than 90 degree, good results found in 17 (28.3%) patients and fair results in 4 (6.7%) cases. Pin tract infection was the most common complication found in 12 (20%) cases, followed by compartment syndrome in 4 (6.7%) and delayed union in 3 (5%). No any poor outcome was assessed in this study. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that the use of two ring hybrid ilizarov fixator in the management of proximal tibial fractures were effective and useful in terms of excellent and good outcomes of knee flexion. The ilizarov approach allowed for early definitive treatment with a low rate of complications and a favourable clinical outcome. Keywords: Proximal Tibial fracture, Ilizarov Fixator, Shatzker, Rasmussen score, Outcomes
Frequency of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnant Women
Authors: Sadaf Muneeba , Zaman Afshan , Bibi Fatima , Tariq Maria , Nayyer Uzma , Rizwan Afnan
Published: December 2021

Objectives: To determine the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnantwomen. Study design: Descriptive, Cross sectional study Place and Duration: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi. 26th December 2017 to 25th June 2018 Materials & Methods: A total of 151 pregnant women of gestational age ≥28 weeks, 18 to 40 years of age were included. Patients with genital tract trauma, history of UTI in the past one year and urinary tract stones were excluded. Then clean-catch midstream urine was collected from each woman into a sterile universal container and sample was sent to the institutional laboratory for presenceor absence of asymptomatic bacteriuria. Results: Age range in this study was from 18 to 40 years with mean age of 28.78 ± 3.90 years. Majority of the patients 84 (55.63%) were between 18 to 30 years of age. Mean gestational age was 31.06 ± 1.67 weeks. Mean parity was 3.17 ± 0.99. Mean BMI was 27.44 ± 3.02 kg/m2. In our study, frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women was found in 25 (16.56%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women is quite high. Keywords: Asymptomatic Bacteriuria, Pregnancy, Urinary Tract Infection.
Effect of Metformin on the Kidney Histology of Rats in Gentamicin Induced Toxicity
Authors: Ahmad Sohail , Aftab Ayesha , Siraj Fauzia , Hameed Aisha , Iqbal Zahid , Moeed Khalida
Published: December 2021

Acknowledgment: We are indebted to Dr. Rashad Hussain from department of animal sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad for his consistent support and guidance for the write up of this manuscript. Study’s background and aim: Metformin, an oral antidiabetic agent has been studied in the past for its protective effects in aminoglycoside induced renal injuries. We hypothesized that the use of metformin may be protective in the aminoglycoside mediated acute renal failure. We thus tried two doses of metformin (M1; 75mg/kg/day) (M2; 150mg/kg/day) to evaluate this preventive potential on gentamicin induced acute renal failure in rats. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Place of Study: Animal House of National Institute of Health Islamabad/ Department of Pharmacology, AL Nafees Medical College and Hospital, Islamabad, duration was 1stAugust 2018 to 31stJanuary 2019. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into three main groups (n=10) kept under similar conditions for food and temperature. Renal failure was induced by injecting gentamicin (80mg/kg/day) intraperitonealy (ip) for eight days with simultaneous administration of oral metformin for 28 days.Slides of rats’ kidneys were prepared for histological comparison at the last day of study. Results: In gentamicin induced renal failure and simultaneous administration of metformin, the histological findings of rat kidneys showed remarkable tissue necrosis in control group and prevention in metformin treated groups. Conclusion: Based on the histological results of our study it was concluded that metformin at a dose of 150mg/kg showed a nephroprotective effect in gentamicin induced renal injuries in Sprague-Dawley rats. Keywords: Metformin, Gentamicin, Nephrotoxicty, Renal injuries, Nephroprotective effect
Frequency of hepatitis C virus infection in Type 2 Diabetic patients
Authors: Ali Niaz , Iqbal Saba , Bashir Fouzia , Tanveer Shama , Ibrahim Khan Muhammad , Ahmad Shahzad
Published: December 2021

Background: Infection caused by hepatitis C virus is common and important issue of public health in Pakistan. The risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hepatitis C virus has common association. Objectives: To find out the frequency of hepatitis C virus in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients and to assess the association between Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and hepatitis C virus. Methodology: This was descriptive study piloted at the Department of Medicine Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar for duration of one year. Totally, 157 type 2 diabetic patients were included. All information’s were documented on a prescribed Performa. Results: Out of 157 confirmed diabetic patients, 50 (31.85%) were seropositive for anti HCV antibodies while 107(68.15%) were negative. There were 48% males and 52% female in the entire study. Patient’s age ranged from 31 to 73years. The seroprevalence of HCV in female was 29(58%) while in male it was 21(42%). Conclusion: Our study concludes that HCV infection is highly prevalent in patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Chronic Hepatitis C, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Diabetes mellitus.
ՀԱՖԵԶԻ ԲԱՆԱՍՏԵՂԾԱԿԱՆ ԱՇԽԱՐՀԻ ԱՐՏԱՑՈԼՈՒՄՆ ԱՅԴԻՆ ԱՂԴԱՇԼՈՒԻ ՆԿԱՐՆԵՐՈՒՄ
Authors: Мaleqi Zahra
Published: December 2021

Classical Persian poetry, when embodied in the oeuvre of the contemporary artists of Iran, was becoming for some a major source of artistic inspiration. The article analyzes the inner creative bond between classical Persian poets and present-day artists, exemplified by Hafez and the modern Iranian painter Aydin Aghdashloo, whose all canvases stem from poetry, and the best of them are considered among the most valued achievements of visual arts. Hafez’s verses were conducive to introducing surrealist style to Iranian portrait and miniature by the painter Aydin Aghdashloo, who has created thereby a new style of "crumpled miniature".
ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ФОРМАТОВ ТЕЛЕКАНАЛОВ НА АРМЯНСКОМ МЕДИАРЫНКЕ
Authors: Rukhkyan Emine
Published: December 2021

In today's television reality, there is a lot of controversy regarding such a concept as "TV channel format". Today, the fastest growing segment of the Armenian media market (by the way, as well as the Russian one) is the nonterrestrial television market, which includes satellite, cable and IPTV segments. Thus, the audience is gradually delineated, which leads to the fact that broadcasters in an active search are trying to find their "face" and, accordingly, their format.
XVI ԴԱՐԻ ՌԵՖՈՐՄԱՑԻԱՅԻ ՆԵՐՔԻՆ ԵՎ ԱՐՏԱՔԻՆ ՊԱՏՃԱՌՆԵՐԸ
Authors: Hakobyan Haykaram
Published: December 2021

The reasons for the Reformation, which shook Europe in the XVI century
and had a huge impact on the new historical era in the Armenian scientific literature, are generally presented in part or related only to the internal issues of the
Catholic Church. Among them were, for example, vast territories of the Catholic
Church, the ignorance and immoral behavior of the clergy, as well as the inquisition and indulgences.
Above mentioned issues of the Catholic Church would not suffice to make
such a revolution in the history of humanity. The external reasons that spread the
movement within the Church to all spheres of society were essential. The above
observations show that the Reformation was not a revolution of the world system,
but an evolution based on the demands of the time against the deviate from the
main principles.
Automated Corn Seed Fusarium Disease Classification System Using Hybrid Feature Space and Conventional Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Naeem Samreen , Ali Aqib , Nasir Jamal Abdul , Fatima Arooj , Jamal Farrukh , Ahmed Muhammad Munawar , Rizwan Muhammad , Anam Sania , Zubair Muhammad
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this learning is to detect the Corn Seed Fusarium Disease using Hybrid Feature Space and Conventional machine learning (ML) approaches. A novel machine learning approach is employed for the classification of a total of six types of corn seed are collected which contain Infected Fusarium (moniliforme, graminearum, gibberella, verticillioides, kernel) as well as healthy corn seed, based on a multi-feature dataset, which is the grouping of geometric, texture and histogram features extracted from digital images. For each corn seed image, a total of twenty-five multi-features have been developed on every area of interest (AOI), sizes (50 × 50), (100 × 100), (150 × 150), and (200 × 200). A total of seven optimized features were selected by using a machine learning-based algorithm named “Correlation-based Feature Selection”. For experimentation, “Random forest”, “BayesNet” and “LogitBoost” have been employed using an optimized multi-feature user-supplied dataset divided with 70% training and 30 % testing. A comparative analysis of three ML classifiers RF, BN, and LB have been used and a considerably very high classification ratio of 96.67 %, 97.22 %, and 97.78 % have been achieved respectively when the AOI size (200×200) have been deployed to the classifiers.
Investigation of wetting and hydrophobic properties of bitumen modified with different vegetable oils
Authors: SERİN Sercan , DEMİREZER Sümeyye Elif
Published: December 2021

In this study, the effects of oils obtained from vegetable products on the physical, mechanical and hydrophobic properties of bitumen were investigated. Within the scope of the study, six different vegetable oils were used for bitumen modification: hemp oil, flax seed oil, laurel ghee, centaury oil, castor oil, pine turpentine oil. These are 100% pure vegetable oils, obtained by using cold press method. The bitumen was modified by adding vegetable oils to bitumen with the proportions of 3%, 5% and 7%. Including the reference group, 19 sample groups were formed with six different vegetable oils by using three different mixing ratios. The physical and mechanical properties of the prepared bitumen samples were determined, according to their contact angles their sensitivity to water, surface wetting and hydrophobic properties were determined by using the IMAGEJ program. As a conclusion of the results of the studies, it has been introduced that different vegetable oils cause serious changes in the physical and mechanical properties of bitumen, and in addition, bitumen modified with vegetable oils can make a significant contribution to removal of water from the road surface which is a major problem for traffic safety.
Calidad Educativa en Educación Superior
Authors: Dionisio J. Lunarejo López
Published: December 2021

Es importante conocer el estado en que se encuentra la calidad educativa en educación superior. Como Fundamento teórico, para el concepto de calidad educativa, encontramos que para Vásquez la noción de competencia tiene sus orígenes en el mundo empresarial, en el que se entiende como aquellas habilidades que tiene el trabajador para desarrollar su labor en una situación particular de manera rápida, adecuada y eficiente. Al respecto y de acuerdo con Aguerrondo es posible afirmar que la calidad es un concepto relativo que puede ser definido desde una perspectiva multidimensional. La calidad de una institución o de un programa se refiere a las características universales correspondientes a la educación superior en general, En las cuales va explicita la evaluación y el país tiene la obligación de garantizar que esa educación se entregue con calidad.
A Discussion On The Effects Of Blockchain Technology Within The Context Of Sustainable Development
Authors: GÜL ŞENKARDEŞ İnci Çağla
Published: December 2021

The solutions made possible by blockchain technology, and crypto assets, are changing the dynamics of many industries. Blockchain technology, which is the subject of discussion with the constructive destruction and energy consumption it triggers, offers a global and inclusive vision that serves sustainability. In this article, a discussion is presented on the effects of blockchain technology, on the environment, economy and society, which are the three main areas of sustainable development. It can be said that blockchain technology has positive and negative effects on these three main areas. Providing the opportunity to create collective value and support social impact projects with a focus on sustainable society, this technology also enables the democratic management of data. Blockchain technology, which allows the development of new business models with a focus on sustainable economy, has the potential to increase financial inclusion. While blockchains working with proof-of-work method have the potential to harm the environment with high energy consumption, blockchains working with different methods can reduce energy consumption. At the same time, studies that will increase the use of renewable energy resources in mining continue, and it is foreseen that the negative effects of this technology on the sustainable environment can be eliminated.
Pedagogical framework for poly multicultural education of foreign language students seeking a degree in teaching
Authors: Chaika Oksana , Chahrak Nataliya , Zhumbei Marianna , Apelt Halyna , Kopchak Lilia , Litvinova Anastasiia
Published: December 2021

The research aims to explore and establish the ways of creating pedagogical framework for (i) popularizing the idea of poly-/multiculturalism, and (ii) forming relevant students' skills and abilities in foreign language instruction; to determine the extent to which the engaging mentoring teacher in the educating role may influence their poly-/multicultural competence.  To this end, poly-/multicultural competence is seen prerequisite of a foreign language teacher's professional competence. Experiment is the main method of the research. Assessment of the experiment effectiveness was carried out with the involvement of surveys/questionnaires, conducted in stages, along with observation as a method applied. The obtained data confirmed the key research hypothesis: the pedagogical framework for the formation of poly-/ multicultural competence with students seeking their bachelor’s degree to become teachers of a foreign language connects with mastering two or more foreign languages while intensifying the poly-/multicultural component of education. The main findings result in the contemporary need for formation of a FL teacher’s poly-/multicultural competence regarded as the improvement in foreign language proficiency, basic communication skills in a poly-/multiethnic environment, following the proactive positioning of such teacher.
PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM MENGEMABNGKAN KARAKTER ANAK PENDERITA ADHD (Attention Deficit Hperactivity Disorder)
Authors: Elha Rimah Dani Dita , Ichsan Ichsan
Published: December 2021

In terms of developing children with ADHD for parents, it is an easy thing, especially from the character who is hyperactive (difficult to control movement), intense (difficult to control thoughts), impulsivity (difficulty resisting desire). In addition, there are several factors of children with ADHD, namely heredity, brain function factors and environmental factors. Many things can be done by parents in helping develop the character of children with sufferers, including maintaining health and controlling emotions in dealing with the child and teaching in choosing friends who are the same as physically. And the method used in this research is qualitative with descriptive phenomenology, By using the approach of observation, interviews and documentation.
PENYULUHAN TENTANG COVID-19 DAN TATA LAKSANANYA DI KECAMATAN MANGGALA KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Anita Anita , Rauf Darmawaty , Suardi Suardi
Published: December 2021

Coronavirus adalah kelompok virus penyebab penyakit gangguan pernapasan yang disebabkan oleh virus Sars-CoV-2 yang belum pernah teridentifikasi sebelumnya pada manusia. COVID-19 dapat ditularkan melalui percikan batuk/bersin (droplet) dari manusia ke manusia.Oleh karena itu, rekomendasi standar sebagai langkah pencegahan penularan COVID-19 wajib dilakukan sedini mungkin, yang dapat dilaksanakan dengan penyuluhan kesehatan kepada masyarakat melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada jamaah Mesjdi Al-Hidayah Perumnas Antang Kota Makassar. Pengetahuan mengenai cara menghindari penyakit COVID-19 dan pemeliharaan kesehatan, dengan sendirinya akan meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat. Pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang virus corona dapat diartikan sebagai hasil tahu masyarakat mengenai cara pencegahan, pengobatan dan komplikasinya. Tujuan dilakukan penyuluhan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman jamaah Mesjdi Al-Hidayah Perumnas Antang Kota Makassar mengenai COVID-19 dan tatalaksananya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyuluhan ini adalah metode ceramah dan diskusi dengan melibatkan interaksi antara peserta dan tim penyuluh.Dari kegiatan penyuluhan ini diharapkan terjadi peningkatan pemahaman peserta penyuluhan mengenai COVID-19 dan tata laksananya .Dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa peserta penyuluhan mengalami peningkatan pemahaman mengenai COVID-

dan tata laksananya .Dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa peserta penyuluhan mengalami peningkatan pemahaman mengenai COVID-19 dan tata laksananya dimulai dari cara pencegahan, pengobatan dan komplikasinya.