bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROPOSTA DE COLETA SELETIVA PARA PONTOS DE ÔNIBUS NAS
PROXIMIDADES DO CAMPUS II DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE – SP
Authors: Oliveira Silva Bruna , Ichikawa de Campos Hugo , Henrique Garcez Nicolau Rafael , Marega Rigolin Fuzeto Isabela
Published: February 2019

– Improperly discarded solid waste has become a growing problem,
proportional to population growth. There is a very worrying picture regarding
the disposal of solid waste in the country. Poorly discarded waste often turns
into environmental problems with costly and complex management.
Therefore, the present project had the objective of quantifying the recyclable
solid waste discarded in the vicinity of the Unoeste Campus II bus stops, in
Presidente Prudente - SP, and thus propose an environmentally adequate
collection and disposal. The work was done in two stages, the first being the
collection of the residues at the selected points at specific times and the
second being the separation and weighing of the same, synthesizing the results
into tables in order to do the statistical design. The total weight of the
collected residues in the morning, afternoon and night periods was 24.9 kg.
According to the statistical projection, in one year a total of 968.4 kg of waste
would be inappropriately discarded in urban roads, thus requiring strategic
collection points, as well as the environmental education of the population as
a whole
UTILIZAÇÃO DE LODO DE ESTAÇÃO DE TRATAMENTO DE ÁGUA
RESIDUÁRIA DE CURTUME NOS PARÂMETROS MICROBIOLÓGICOS DO
SOLO
Authors: Santander de Souza Isabella , de Cássia Lima Mazzuchelli Rita , Fernando de Araujo Fabio
Published: February 2019

The present work has the objective of evaluating the
microbiological properties of the soil that presents increasing doses of tannery
sludge. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions, located
at Campus II - UNOESTE, in the city of Presidente Prudente. The application of
different doses of tannery sludge in microbiological soil parameters was
evaluated. The study was conducted in 30 pots of 10 kg during the period of
one hundred days, after which samples were collected and sent to the
laboratory for the soil biological evaluations of carbon and nitrogen of the
microbial biomass and basal respiration of the soil. The data were submitted to
analysis of variance, and the comparison was made by regression. The
application of the dosage of 2 Mg of sludge ha-1 under the soil surface allowed
an increase in the carbon and nitrogen of the microbial biomass being
efficient. Higher dosages end up reducing the elements in the biomass.
A EFETIVAÇÃO DA DEMOCRACIA REPRESENTATIVA
Authors: Ferreira Furlan Lucas , Severino Vallér Zenni Alessandro
Published: February 2019

The article initially outlined brief considerations regarding the predominance of the representative regime in the Modern States. Subsequently, the existence of universal suffrage and political parties as the main characteristics of the representative model was listed. Considerations were made as to how the right to vote is exercised, as well as the need to safeguard mechanisms for direct participation, even as a way of ensuring a higher quality of voting. In relation to the political parties, pertinent considerations were made regarding the multi-party system and its application in the present time.
MAPEAMENTO E PERFIL DA PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA EM DESIGN NO BRASIL: UM ESTUDO DOS PROGRAMAS DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO
Authors: Gutierres Castanha Rafael , Oliveira Pironi Guilherme
Published: February 2019

This research aimed to map and outline the profile of Designas an area of knowledge in Brazil through its current graduate programs, observing themain centers of research and education of new scientists, which in the future will continue the education of new researchers. To this end, the (public) data on the Sucupira platform linked to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorfor the last four years of evaluation (2013-2016) were retrieved. It is concluded that currently the Designas knowledge area develops more intensely in the south and southeast regions and has as main research exponent the UNESP / Bauru and Anhembi Morumbi University, both located in the state of São Paulo.
O ESTADO MODERNO E O REGIME DEMOCRÁTICO
Authors: Ferreira Furlan Lucas , Severino Vallér Zenni Alessandro
Published: February 2019

The present study draws a line of correlation between the evolution of the Modern State and the democratic regime. Initially brief considerations were made regarding the origin of the State as a political organization, with its current characteristics. Subsequently, with the necessary synthesis, we pondered on the evolution of the democratic regime, highlighting its manifestations throughouthistory, namely: direct, semi-direct and representative democracy. At the end of the development of the work, brief considerations were made as to the indispensable granting of confidence by the citizens of democratic institutions and their representatives, as a form of stability of the regime. Finally, the final considerations were woven.
RENTABILIDADE POR M³ DE DIFERENTES ESPÉCIES DE EUCALIPTO PARA O OESTE PAULISTA
Authors: Godinho Bertoncello Alexandre , Yasmin do Carmo Pinheiro Beatriz , Madalena Marchizelli Godinho Ângela
Published: February 2019

Eucalyptus is the largest source of renewable wood in Brazil and has been expanding in recent years for various purposes. However, production is consolidated in traditional areas or is linked to new manufacturing industries. The West of Sao Paulo (Oeste Paulista) is a region strategically located among all the production chains, but with little investment and without any study on the region's production capacity. We have analyzed and outlined the region with similar climatic and ground characteristics to verify possibilities of investments and it were planted 100 eucalyptus trees of the 10 species most currently used in Brazil totaling 1000 samples which were monitored from 2013 to 2016to analyze which species would have better average increment of wooden volume.Among those with better gains, we point out the species 1277 and I144, which have adapted better and the specie E. tolleriana, which got the worse performance. Furthermore, we have analyzed domestic prices and we have indicated the species that would givegreatest invoicing for farmers who opt for this investment.
TEORIA DAS JANELAS QUEBRADAS: UMA REFLEXÃO NO ORDENAMENTO JURÍDICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Micheli de Oliveira Cavalcante Roberta , Samuel Paião Olivie
Published: February 2019

This work brings a reflection on the theory of broken windows, seeing its applicability in the Brazilian legal system, given thehigh crime rate, which generates fear and insecurity. The hypothetical-deductive method was used in the methodology, analyzing from the general to the particular. The institute of criminology will be approached in a succinct manner, pointing out its concept and purposes, as well as in what differs from criminal law. After the brief introduction, the theory of broken windows will be discussed in order to under-stand it, emphasizing its origin and a parallel of its application in relation to disorder and criminality. We conclude the present article, demonstrating the solidification of the applicability of broken window theory in our Brazilian legal system.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO: UMA ANÁLISE EM CASO DE PROCESSO DE RECUPERAÇÃO JUDICIAL
Authors: Santos Mateo Luana , Ibanhez Bertuchi Fabio
Published: February 2019

In times of economic crisis, it is necessary for companies to create control and evaluation mechanisms that assist in the management of personnel and organizational organizations in order to overcome the crisis. The state of shock in performance evaluationprocesses has entered judicial decline in the western region of São Paulo state. The methodology consists of bibliographies, articles related to the theme and processes that compose the districts of the city of Presidente Prudente and region. The results were analyzed in the judicial recovery plan of the company under analysis, among the means provided in art. 50 of the law, only two items were contemplated, of the ten instruments to be applied. It is concluded that there is no installation of performance evaluation models in companies in which the crisis situation cannotbe considered judicial, limiting itself to simple actions and practices contemplated in the law.
EMPREENDEDORISMO SOCIAL E COOPERATIVISMO –UMA ANÁLISE DA ATUAÇÃO DA COOPERLIX NO MUNICÍPIO DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE-SP
Authors: Lucas Antonio Jonathan , do Nascimento Eustachio Bezerro Heloisa , Mayumi Murashita Takenaka Edilene
Published: February 2019

Social entrepreneurship is the creation of a business aimed at solving social problems and making society more inclusive, without neglecting to seek the economic side. The process of segregation of recyclable material has a great potential of expansion in the city of Presidente Prudente, in the State of São Paulo. Thus, in this study, the proposal was to define social entrepreneurship and relate the formation and performance of a cooperative of workers in recyclable material, Cooperlix, located in the mentioned municipality. In order to do so, this study was constructed in the collection of data found in existing literature with the accomplishment of bibliographical research through books, magazines and academic research available in the collection of the Unoeste and FCT / Unesp library and in specific sites on the subject.It is concluded that social entrepreneurship and cooperativism are related due to their essences and similar effects, and both have as their starting point the social context and the formation of Cooperlix reiterates these facts.
PARTICIPAÇÃO DO ASSISTENTE SOCIAL EM INSTÂNCIAS DE CONTROLE SOCIAL DEMOCRÁTICO: LIMITES E DESAFIOS
Authors: Márcia Santiago LohmeyerFuchs Andréa , Jaime Amaral Souto Breno , Isabel de Jesus Gabriela
Published: February 2019

The Federal Constitution of 1988 was the starting point for decentralized social participation. The research refers to how the socioeducative measures of assisted freedom and community service delivery by the social workers in the Greater Florianópolis mesoregion are being carried out. The methodology adopted was the qualitative approach with an online form, interviews in 22 municipalities and an on-site visit. Part of the methodology traced the professional profile and even the participation in political spaces of democratic control. The objective of this present study emphasizes the challenges of this participation found in professional daily life. The data suggest that the participation of the social worker in these spaces is still deficient, eventhough it is present as a guideline of the category's ethical-political project. For this, the professional needs to be clear about the importance of his participation in order to strengthen the deliberations on public policies.
TURISMO ESPACIAL SOB A PERSPECTIVA MERCADOLÓGICA SOBRE O FUTURO DO RAMO A PARTIR DAS EXPERIÊNCIAS DA EMPRESA VIRGIN GALACTIC
Authors: Luciano Violin Fábio , Barbato Honorato Vitor
Published: February 2019

This article presents a brief introduction to the history of this type of tourism to understand its evolution, and presents an analysis of one of the companies in this field currently, Virgin Galactic. The research is based on data collection from the organization's website as well as news about the organization focused on the tourism area of that company. The study showed that despite the restriction to a high social class of potential users, supply is increasing and there is demand, companies are looking for ways to lower travel and reach a larger audience. It was concluded that there is a market to meet different forms of desires, and despite the differences between them, they all look for the same thing, to take humanity ever further into space.
ANALISE DE ESPAÇOS HOSPITALARES HUMANIZADO
Authors: Zorato Vernilo Camila , José da Mota Marcelo
Published: February 2019

Humanization is transforming many hospitals around the world. Architects and other health professionals are working to achieve the same objective, which is the aim of this project. This new way of seeing hospital space also allows family and patients to interact with doctors and participate in the healing process. This article aims to make a survey of the attempts made by architects to define the theme of good examples of humanized hospitals, and what the interior architecture considers important for a humanized environment. The hospital chain ‘’Sarah’’ is the best example of humanization, and the architect ‘’Lelé’’ manages to balance all the elements, such as color, lighting, air conditioning and others, thus making the hospital seem concerned about health itself and not with the patient’s disease.
ARQUITETURA COMO PROMOTOR SOCIAL: CENTRO DE ARTES E ESPORTES UNIFICADOS –CONJUNTO HABITACIONAL “JARDIM JOÃO DOMINGOS NETTO”, PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE –SP
Authors: Caroline de Oliveira Ana , Aparecida Teixeira Ferreira da Costa Korina
Published: February 2019

The Unified Educational Centers (CEUs) are urban equipmentsaimed at expanding the social insertion of segregated communities in society, by offering education, culture, sport, leisure and vocational courses. The objective of this work was the understanding of how the architecture, together with urban interventions of socioeconomic and educational content can mitigate the problems of areas with social vulnerability, acting as territory trainer and social promoter, so that the design of a CEU structure in the Housing Set Jardim João Domingos Netto in Presidente Prudente. The present work uses the methodology based on qualitative research, through researches and bibliographical revisions. The work addresses issues of public educational programs aimed at the social promotion of communities where inserted, architectural references, justification and analysis of site for implementation and development of the project.
CENTRO DE ARTES E ESPORTES UNIFICADOS E ESTUDO DE EXISTENTE CEU PROFº SAMOEL BRONDI, PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE –SP
Authors: Caroline de Oliveira Ana , Aparecida Teixeira Ferreira da Costa Korina
Published: February 2019

The Unified Educational Centers (CEUs) are urban equipment aimed at expanding the social insertion of needy communities, however, although it is not mandatory, most CEUs follow an architectural standardization regarding both the needs and volumetry programs. This standardization may in certain cases present both positive and negative points. The objective of this work is to explain CEU in general, to analyze the CEU Prof º Samoel Brondi, built in Presidente Prudente -SP, in an attempt to identify its specificities, errors and correctness,and to what extent the standardization of these structures is viable. The present work uses the methodology based on qualitative research, through analysis, research and bibliographical reviews.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE CULTURA, ESPAÇO E GEOGRAFIA RURAL
Authors: Vieira Martins Antunes Maryna
Published: February 2019

The purpose of this article is to systematize the notes about the articulations between the concept of culture and human spatiality. Based on a bibliographical research, the text focuses on the contributions of Cultural Studies to Geography, focusing on Rural Geography and points out that, in spite of the increasing interest and decisive role that culture has gained in the current period, studies with this approach are still not widespread in Brazilian Geography, especially in relation to issues involving rural areas.
EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA E OLIMPÍADA NACIONAL DE HISTÓRIA DO BRASIL: O ÊXITO DA MODALIDADE EM UM PROGRAMA INOVADOR
Authors: Eliane de Oliveira Basso Silvia , Luisa Furlan Costa Maria , L.L. Mertzig Gonçalves de Oliveira Patrícia
Published: February 2019

The tools of distance education have been used in numerous teaching, research and extension experiences, corroborating with the quality of teaching that can be achieved with this modality. This study aims to analyze the National History Olimpic of Brazil (NHOB), an extension program maintained at the State University of Campinas, as a successful experiment in use of educational technologies to promote innovation in teaching and the possibility of research. The methodology adopted is a case study, with a qualitative approach, in a historicist perspective. We conclude that the NHOB program has reached thousands of students across the country, encouraging study and research in history, because it increases the possibilities of information and communication technologies, making them efficient means of knowledge.
MERCADOLÓGICA E O TURISMO ESPACIAL: ANÁLISE DA EMPRESA SPACEX
Authors: Luciano Violin Fábio , Barbato Honorato Vitor
Published: February 2019

The growth of the commercial space industry demonstrates that there is an emerging business, after decades of development, we have never been so close of the Space Tourism consolidation. This article presents a brief introduction to the history of this kind of tourism to understand it's evolution, and an analysis of the three main companies in this segment. The study is based on a gathering of datas with focus on the tourism sector of thiscompanies to examine their potentials. The research demonstrated that besides de restriction to an elevated social class, the offer is raising and there is demand, the companies are looking for methods to reduce the cost of the travels and make it more accessible. The conclusion is that, there is market that attend to different wills, despite their differences, they all look for the same thing, bring humanity further and further into space.
NOTAS A RESPEITO DA LEGISLAÇÃO BRASILEIRA SOBRE O ESPAÇO RURAL
Authors: Vieira Martins Antunes Maryna
Published: February 2019

The text presents a debate on the theme of legislation on rural space, based on a bibliographical and documentary research. The objective is to deal with some points of the Brazilian legislation on the rural space, such as: its delimitation; forms of ownership, use and occupation of rural land; part of its population and its integration with cities. In this way, it was possible to point out the main characteristics of such regulations and as conclusions one can identify, from the sources researched, the importance and potential of the discussion about the Brazilian legislation for some reflections on the relations between field and city.
POPULACAO MARGINALIZADA NA AREA CENTRAL DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE-SP
Authors: Gasquez  de  Morais Felipe , Gabriela  Salvino  Contre Maria , Henrique  dos  Santos  Leonel Moisés , Martins de Aguiar Victor , Ruiz Maria Yeda
Published: February 2019

The appropriations of the public spaces are like a mechanism of defense and overcoming of the population to the urban models imposed. In the city of Presidente Prudente -SP, as a product of commercial attractiveness and constant flow of people, varied activities were emerging, among them appropriations of marginalized people, such as street prostitution, illicit drug users and street dwellers. To understand the relationship between the ways of appropriating in public spaces, this article proposes an analysis of the central area of the city of Presidente Prudente -SP, in an attempt to understand how public spaces have transformed in this area. For this, mapping of the public spaces that are being appropriated and observation in loco to understand the urban structure offered by the place will be essential for the perception.
Adaptasi Sirkulasi Patron dalam Implementasi Sentralisme Demokratik Partai Komunis Vietnam dalam Kongres pada era “Doi Moi”
Authors: Givari Hilwan
Published: February 2019

Kebertahanan negara satu partai pimpinan Partai Komunis Vietnam (PKV) pada era Doi Moi (Đổi Mới atau reformasi ekonomi) biasanya dijelaskan oleh para ilmuwan politik secara struktural dan kultural melalui teori ‘performance-based legitimacy’ atau pemikiran nasionalisme dari Ho Chi Minh. Kedua penjelasan itu menilai bahwa PKV memiliki ciri-ciri akuntabilitas politik yang sama dengan partai komunis lain yang berkuasa di dunia dengan sifatnya yang singular dan top-down birokratis, namun belum menyentuh fitur institusional negara-partai komunis seperti prinsip sentralisme demokratik. Dengan menerapkan sejumlah teori/konsep alternatif dan hasil penelitian kontemporer seputar institusionalisasi PKV dan pelaksanaan Kongres partai yang dilakukan pada era Doi Moi, tulisan ini melihat bahwa PKV mampu melaksanakan nilai- nilai akuntabilitas vertikal dan horizontal prinsip sentralisme demokratik secara lebih konsekuen dalam Kongres partai sebagai lembaga tertinggi partainya. Hal itu diraih melalui beberapa strategi seperti (1) keberadaan troika yang terdifusi, (2) penguatan Komite Sentral (Central Committee atau CC) di atas Politbiro, (3) peningkatan kompetisi dalam pemilihan anggota CC, serta (4) rivalitas blok voting dalam CC. Tulisan ini juga membuktikan secara kualitatif berdasarkan studi literatur yang digunakan keberadaan variabel konseptual ‘adaptasi sirkulasi patron’ sebagai penggerak dilaksanakannya prinsip akuntabilitas tersebut. Temuan tersebut membuktikan bahwa kebertahanan PKV tidak bisa disamakan dengan partai komunis di negara lain karena PKV terlihat mampu secara adaptif mengakomodasi tuntutan reformasi dan kepentingan para elite patron yang semakin pragmatis.
Impact of old age on resectable colorectal cancer outcomes
Authors: Fu Jianfei , Ruan Hang , Zheng Hongjuan , Cai Cheng , Zhou Shishi , Wang Qinghua , Chen Wenbin , Fu Wei , Du Jinlin
Published: February 2019

Objective

This study was performed to identify a reasonable cutoff age for defining older patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and to examine whether old age was related with increased colorectal cancer-specific death (CSD) and poor colorectal cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Methods

A total of 76,858 eligible patients from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database were included in this study. The Cox proportional hazard regression model and the Chow test were used to determine a suitable cutoff age for defining the older group. Furthermore, a propensity score matching analysis was performed to adjust for heterogeneity between groups. A competing risk regression model was used to explore the impact of age on CSD and non-colorectal cancer-specific death (non-CSD). Kaplan–Meier survival curves were plotted to compare CSS between groups. Also, a Cox regression model was used to validate the results. External validation was performed on data from 1998 to 2003 retrieved from the SEER database.

Results

Based on a cutoff age of 70 years, the examined cohort of patients was classified into a younger group (n= 51,915, <70 years of old) and an older group (n= 24,943, ≥70 years of old). Compared with younger patients, older patients were more likely to have fewer lymph nodes sampled and were less likely to receive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. When adjusted for other covariates, age-dependent differences of 5-year CSD and 5-year non-CSD were significant in the younger and older groups (15.84% and 22.42%,P< 0.001; 5.21% and 14.21%,P< 0.001). Also an age of ≥70 years remained associated with worse CSS comparing with younger group (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.51 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.45–1.57],P< 0.001). The Cox regression model as a sensitivity analysis had a similar result. External validation also supported an age of 70 years as a suitable cutoff, and this older group was associated with having reduced CSS and increased CSD.

Conclusions

A total of 70 is a suitable cutoff age to define those considered as having elderly CRC. Elderly CRC was associated with not only increased non-CSD but also with increased CSD. Further research is needed to provide evidence of whether cases of elderly CRC should receive stronger treatment if possible.
Effects of traditional agroecosystems and grazing areas on amphibian diversity in a region of central Mexico
Authors: Lara-Tufiño José Daniel , Badillo-Saldaña Luis M. , Hernández-Austria Raquel , Ramírez-Bautista Aurelio
Published: February 2019

Habitat loss or degradation due to land cover change is regarded as one of the main drivers of amphibian decline; therefore, it is imperative to assess the effects of land-cover change on this group of vertebrates. In this study, we analyze changes in alpha and beta diversity of amphibian communities found in five land-cover types: mountain cloud forest, tropical evergreen forest, shade coffee, milpa huasteca, and grazing areas; six samples sites were established for each land-cover type, separated at least one km away. The study was conducted in the northwest part of the state of Hidalgo, in a transition zone between the Sierra Madre Oriental and the Gulf of Mexico, which is a region rich in amphibian species. The results indicate that alpha diversity decreases with loss of canopy cover, this being high in mountain cloud forest, tropical evergreen forest, and Shade coffee, and low in milpa huasteca and grazing areas. The land-cover type with the highest species evenness was found in milpa huasteca and the lowest in. The highest beta diversity was observed among tropical evergreen forest and grazing areas. Mountain cloud forest contains both exclusive species and the highest number of species currently regarded as threatened by national and international conservation assessment systems. In order to preserve amphibian diversity in the study area it is vital to protect the last remnants of native vegetation, especially mountain cloud forest, but also including Shade coffee, since the latter habitat harbors amphibian diversity similar to that found in native forests. Finally, implementation of policies that both reduce Grazing areas and increase their productivity is also necessary, since these highly modified areas turn out to be the ones that affect amphibian diversity the most.
Field Evaluation of Some Cassava Cultivars against the African Cassava Mosaic Disease in the Humid Forests of Cameroon
Authors: Mogo A. , Nopogwo J. Fomekong , Mangaptche E. L. Ngonkeu , Tamouh R. Ghogomu , Temgoua E. , . Fotso , Woin Noé , Fovo J. Djeugap , Yemefack M. , Thierry M. Tene , Fotio D. , Rachid Hanna
Published: February 2019

There is a considerable deficit in the annual production of cassava in Cameroon of about 31 million tons, and this has been mainly due to constraints related to pest attacks and most especially diseases like the African Cassava Mosaic Disease (ACMD). This study was therefore undertaken on three sites in the locality of Bityili (South Region of Cameroon), to determine amongst improved and local cassava cultivars those that provide resistance to the development of the ACMD. The severity and incidence of this disease was evaluated and its impact on cassava yield. In each site, cassava was grown in a randomized complete block design. The local cultivars (Ekobele and Ngon kribi) showed higher severity (76-100%) and incidence of ACMD compared to the improved cultivars (TMS 92/0326 and TMS 96/1414) of 0-25% and 0-10%, respectively. Strong inverse correlations were observed between ACMD severity and yield performance, measured in terms of number of tubers/plant and weight of fresh tubers. The improved cultivars, TMS 92/0326 and TMS 96/1414, could, therefore, be recommended for large-scale planting in a bid to promote cassava production in the South Region of Cameroon.
In vitro Cercaricidal Activity of Fractions and Isolated Compounds of Erythrophleum ivorense (Fabaceae) Root Bark against Schistosoma haematobium
Authors: Armah Francis A. , Amoani Benjamin , Henneh Isaac T. , Dickson Rita A. , Adokoh Christian K. , Amponsah Isaac K. , Adu-Gyamfi Cecilia , Acheampong Desmond O.
Published: February 2019

Introduction: Schistosoma haematobium is one of the species of Schistosoma responsible for schistosomiasis in humans, a major public health problem worldwide. Praziquantel, the most effective drug against all adult stages of human schistosomiasis, faces the threat of resistance and also has sub-optimal efficacy against cercaria, an immature form of schistosomiasis. This underscores the need to search for an alternative anti-schistosomal drug with pronounced activity particularly against cercaria.

Aim: This study investigated anti-cercarial activity of total crude (70% ethanolic extract), fractions (methanolic, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether) and isolated bioactive compounds from the root bark of Erythrophleum ivorense.

Study Design: In vitro anti-cercarial activity was evaluated using 20 freshly shed cercariae from Schistosoma haematobium species transferred into 20 well plates. Cercaricidal effect of the various concentrations (15.6, 31.3, 62.5, 125.0, 250.0 and 500.0 µg/mL) of test extracts and compounds were observed for 3 hours using an inverted microscopy. The results showed that extracts and compounds of the plant decreased percentage viability of cercariae in a dose-dependent manner.

Results: Within two hours of incubation, all cercariae died at the various concentrations of test compounds and extracts with the exception of methanol extract and the bioactive compound erythroivorensin at 15.6
Determining Sustainability Index of Tobacco Planted in Various Types of Land Typology in Pamekasan, Madura
Authors: Faridz Raden , . Ariffin , . Soemarno , Pramoedyo Henny
Published: February 2019

Economic importance of tobacco plantation has long been undeniable for East Java. In this province, especially in Madura, Pamekasan constitutes one of the greatest tobacco producers, cultivated in many types of farm typology such as sawah, tegal, and gunung. This current study aimed at investigating sustainability index of tobacco planted in various land typologies in Pamekasan. Data were collected using in-depth interview and focus group discussion. The study was conducted in Pamekasan, Madura, between April 2016 and March 2016. Data obtained were evaluated using Rap-Tobacco (derived from Rap-Fish) commonly known as Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS), covering ecological, social economy, institutional and policy, and technological aspects. The results demonstrated that the highest sustainability index was observed at technological dimension, reaching up to 66.99 (sawah), 55.97 (tegal) and 58.13 (gunung). Although tobacco farming was sustainable in terms of technological dimension, more advanced technological supports might help it to reach a meaningful improvement, such as the use of information system for generating accurate climate data, as well as production and better distribution of proper tobacco seeds. Statistically, stress value was found <0.25%, while R2 value ranged from 92% to 94%. In short, we could conclude that the present model successfully fitted the testing data and could satisfactorily calculate sustainability index.
Prevalence Study of Antibiotic Usage and Health Care Associated Infections in Northern Cyprus
Authors: Jame Wissal , Abdi Abdikarim Mohamed , Süer Hüseyin Kaya , Çakir Nedim , Basgut Bilgen
Published: February 2019

Purpose: This study aims to provide a prevalence survey of antibiotic usage and HAIs and evaluate the cost of antibiotic therapy.

Methods: All inpatients on surgery, paediatrics, medicine, and ICU specialities were surveyed within a period of one week, April 2016 at Near East University hospital in Northern Cyprus. ACross-sectional study was performed and desired data on antibiotic use and HAIs were collected and analysed.

Results: Out of 137 inpatients, 39.4% (n=54) were on one or two antibiotics. The usage of antibiotic was appropriate in 70% of the patients while it was inappropriate in the remaining 30%. The most common appropriate use was seen in empirical (80.6%) and prophylaxis (69.2%), while in definitive therapy cases (60.0%), the usage of antibiotics was irrationally inappropriate. Overall, 10.9% of hospitalized patients developed HAI. The most prevalent infection was UTI (urinary tract infections) (33.3%). Prevalence of HAIs was high in patients over 30 years old and in those who stay in hospital more than 10 days. The overall daily cost of antibiotic therapy was $919.61 per day, while the total daily cost for hospital infections was $482.

Conclusion: Irrational antibiotic use was seen mostly in definitive therapy, continuous use of empirical therapy without carrying microbiological test was commonly observed. The prevalence of HAI was relatively high which led to more hospitalization and more cost.
Bacterial Membrane Transport: Secondary Transport Proteins
Authors: Padan Etana
Published: February 2019

Membrane transport proteins enable cells to accumulate nutrients, extrude unwanted by‐products and maintain cytoplasmic content of protons and salts conducive to growth and development. Bacterial secondary active transporters for which crystal structures have recently been determined produced major breakthroughs in the study of transporters, opening the field to diverse disciplines such as structural biology, biochemistry, biophysics, molecular biology and computation. The insights derived from these structures are particularly important in light of the fact that many of the structurally deciphered bacterial transporters have eukaryotic orthologues that play crucial roles in health and disease and are important drug targets.

Key Concepts

Transport of solutes across bacterial membrane.

The different transport proteins.

Primary and secondary active transport in bacteria.

Possible evolution of transporters.

Crystal structure of transporters, a breakthrough in transport research.
Radially Oriented Single‐Crystal Primary Nanosheets Enable Ultrahigh Rate and Cycling Properties of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xu Xing , Huo Hua , Jian Jiyuan , Wang Liguang , Zhu He , Xu Sheng , He Xiaoshu , Yin Geping , Du Chunyu , Sun Xueliang
Published: February 2019

Ni‐rich Li[NixCoyMn1−x−y]O2 (x ≥ 0.8) layered oxides are the most promising cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries due to their high reversible capacity of over 200 mAh g−1. Unfortunately, the anisotropic properties associated with the α‐NaFeO2 structured crystal grains result in poor rate capability and insufficient cycle life. To address these issues, a micrometer‐sized Ni‐rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 secondary cathode material consisting of radially aligned single‐crystal primary particles is proposed and synthesized. Concomitant with this unique crystallographic texture, all the exposed surfaces are active {010} facets, and 3D Li+ ion diffusion channels penetrate straightforwardly from surface to center, remarkably improving the Li+ diffusion coefficient. Moreover, coordinated charge–discharge volume change upon cycling is achieved by the consistent crystal orientation, significantly alleviating the volume‐change‐induced intergrain stress. Accordingly, this material delivers superior reversible capacity (203.4 mAh g−1 at 3.0–4.3 V) and rate capability (152.7 mAh g−1 at a current density of 1000 mA g−1). Further, this structure demonstrates excellent cycling stability without any degradation after 300 cycles. The anisotropic morphology modulation provides a simple, efficient, and scalable way to boost the performance and applicability of Ni‐rich layered oxide cathode materials.
Mutations in IFT80 cause SRPS Type IV. Report of two families and review
Authors: Bizaoui Varoona , Huber Céline , Kohaut Eva , Roume Joelle , Bonnière Maryse , Attié‐Bitach Tania , Cormier‐Daire Valérie
Published: February 2019

We report novel causative mutations in the IFT80 gene identified in four fetuses from two unrelated families with Beemer‐Langer syndrome (BLS) or BLS‐like phenotypes. We discuss the implication of the IFT80 gene in ciliopathies, and its diagnostic value for BLS among other SRPS.
Forcespinning technique for the production of poly(d,l‐lactic acid) submicrometer fibers: Process–morphology–properties relationship
Authors: Padilla‐Gainza Victoria , Morales Graciela , Rodríguez‐Tobías Heriberto , Lozano Karen
Published: February 2019

This work addresses a systematic study for the process development and optimization of poly(d,l‐lactic acid) (PDLLA) submicrometer fibers utilizing the centrifugal spinning technique known as Forcespinning. This study analyzes the effect of polymer concentration (8, 10, and 12 wt %) and angular speed on the fiber morphology, diameter distribution, and fiber yield. The increase in polymer concentration and angular speed favored the formation of continuous and homogeneous submicrometer fibers with an absence of bead formation and higher output. The optimal conditions were established considering the morphological characteristics that exhibit a greater surface area (homogeneous and submicrometer fibers); and they were achieved at a polymer concentration of 10 wt % at an angular speed ranging from 8000 to 10 000 rpm. Optimization of PDLLA submicrometer fiber fabrication lays the groundwork for scaling up the process and serves as a platform to further develop promising applications of PDLLA nonwoven mats, particularly in the biomedical area such as in scaffolds for tissue engineering. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47643.
Address public safety challenges of international students on campus
Authors: Hope Joan
Published: February 2019

International students present unique challenges for campus public safety units. In a webinar for the International Association of Campus Law Enforcement Administrators, Ed Book, chief of police, behavioral intervention team chair, and emergency manager at Santa Fe College in Florida; and Angelica Suarez, international student services coordinator at Santa Fe, explained the strategies they use to support these students and meet their needs.
A phase III randomized controlled trial of radiation dose optimization in non‐Hodgkin lymphoma‐diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DOBL study): Study protocol and design
Authors: Goda Jayant S. , Lewis Shirly C. , Laskar Siddartha , Kannan Sadhna , Khanna Nehal , Jain Hasmukh , Bagal Bhausaheb , Epari Sridhar
Published: February 2019

Background

Radiation therapy for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has shown improvement in progression free survival. There is uncertainty about the optimal radiation dose, with heterogeneous doses being used, ranging from 30 to 55 Gy. This trial tests the efficacy of using reduced radiation dose in DLBCL without compromising on long‐term outcomes.

Aims

The primary aim is to assess the noninferiority, as assessed by 2‐year event free survival (EFS), of a dose de‐escalated dose (36 Gy) for DLBCL as compared with a standard dose (45 Gy).

Methods

The Dose Optimization in B cell Lymphomas (DOBL) study is a randomized phase‐III noninferiority trial in a uniform cohort of DLBCL patients receiving immunochemotherapy (R‐CHOP). Patients with stages I to IV of DLBCL eligible for radiotherapy (RT) after completion of at least four cycles of R‐CHOP will be included in the study. Patients will be randomized to standard RT dose of 45 Gy in 25 fractions or reduced dose of 36 Gy in 20 fractions using involved site radiotherapy (ISRT) technique. It is a noninferiority design using a 7% noninferiority margin with a hazard ratio of 1.3, α of 0.05, and β of 0.80. A total of 760 patients will be accrued. Two‐year EFS is the primary outcome measure that will be studied. The experimental arm will be stopped and switched over to control arm if on interim analysis, 25% events occur in the experimental arm.

Discussion

The study is designed to test the noninferiority of radiation dose de‐escalation in a uniform cohort of patients diagnosed with DLBCL and treated with R‐CHOP regimen in the post‐positron emission tomography (PET) era. The trial is rigorously designed and is straightforward to implement. It is statistically powered to answer if reducing the radiation doses does not compromise the clinical outcome in the given patient cohort. This trial will effectively set the standards in radiotherapy doses for DLBCL in the contemporary era.
Automatic cloud service testing and bottleneck detection system with scaling recommendation
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Sheu Ruey‐Kai , Lo Win‐Tsung , Yuan Shyan‐Ming
Published: February 2019

Performance problems in a cloud service are difficult to diagnose because they may be caused by various system components. This study proposes an automatic cloud service testing and bottleneck detection system that is applicable to different types of services. With the proposed test module, the user can customize test scenarios to automatically test and collect the corresponding metrics of the target service. Afterward, the proposed bottleneck detection algorithm analyzes the collected metrics and determines whether a bottleneck is presented in the target system. The bottleneck detection module also provides a scaling recommendation for the service provider to facilitate the service system reconfiguration. The experimental results reveal that the proposed system could detect a potential bottleneck in a service system accurately. In accordance with the scaling recommendation, the performance of the target cloud service can be improved efficiently after reconfiguration. Therefore, usage of the proposed system can ensure a high quality of service, and the service level objective could be fulfilled.
Holocene tropical reef accretion and lagoon sedimentation: A quantitative approach to the influence of sea‐level rise, climate and subsidence (Belize, Maldives, French Polynesia)
Authors: Gischler Eberhard , Hudson J. Harold
Published: February 2019

Accretion rates of Holocene tropical coral reefs in three areas in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans have been quantified in 79 dated core sections in 34 reef cores from Belize, the Maldives and French Polynesia. Holocene vertical reef accretion rate averages 5.05 m/kyr and has decreased during the past 10 kyr. Accretion rates in branched and massive coral facies are statistically similar. Reef accretion rate is positively correlated with the rate of sea‐level rise, that is the degree of creation of accommodation space, and with climate as expressed in a Holocene sea surface temperature anomaly. Accommodation space is also created by subsidence, but at a rate one to two orders of magnitude lower than that created by glacio‐eustasy (0.04 to 0.16 m/kyr). Lagoonal background sedimentation in adjacent reef lagoons averages 0.89 m/kyr as measured in 72 dated core sections in 28 cores. Lagoonal carbonate sedimentation on top of underlying mangrove peat usually starts after a considerable hiatus of ca 3 kyr on average. The lagoonal background sedimentation rate increased during the Holocene, probably due to deepening. The differences between vertical reef accretion and lagoonal background sedimentation rates are a major factor in the production of the widely known saucer shapes typical of tropical reefs and carbonate platforms, that is the creation of unfilled accommodation space. Reef core recovery, used as a proxy for reef consolidation, and core depth exhibit a statistically negative correlation based on data from 326 core barrels. Recovery and marine cement abundance (average volume 8.6%) also decrease from windward to leeward core positions. These observations are presumably a result of both a decrease in the rate of sea‐level rise that is the increase in time available for submarine cementation during the Holocene and the amount of flushing of reef interstices by marine waters.
Water Productivity: Revisiting the Concepts in Light of Water, Energy and Food Nexus an Overview of Question 60, 23rd Congress of ICID
Authors: Debbarh Abdelhafid
Published: February 2019

The International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) has organized its 23rd International Congress in Mexico City during the period 08–‐14 October 2017. Its overall theme was: Modernizing Irrigation and Drainage for a new Green Revolution. Two Questions 60 and 61 were addressed and concerned respectively the following issues: Question 60 on Water Productivity: Revisiting the concepts in light of water, energy and food nexus, and Question 61 on State of knowledge of irrigation techniques and practicalities within given socio‐economic settings. The present paper aims at giving a summary of the main axis covered by the various contributions on Question 60.

In fact, 91 contributions from 27 countries analyzed and discussed the three following sub themes related to Question 60, namely: i) Emerging issues and challenges of water saving, including impact of transferring water out of agriculture; ii) Understanding water productivity, water and energy use efficiency and water footprint of crops; iii) Water security for growth and development.

A summary of the main ideas and findings emerged, for each sub theme mentioned above, are herein presented. Majors conclusions and recommendations are also included at the end of this paper. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Branches on the Isothermal Crystallization of Copolymers Based on Poly(ϵ‐caprolactone)
Authors: Ninago Mario D. , Redondo F. Leonardo , De Freites Augusto G. O. , Giacomelli Cristiano , Ciolino Andrés E. , Villar Marcelo A.
Published: February 2019

A linear poly(ϵ‐caprolactone), PCL, and grafted copolymers based on poly(2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate) and poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) are used to study the effect of branches on PCL crystallization process. Copolymers are synthetized by a combination of ring opening polymerization and reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, showing molar masses between 32 000 and 46 000 g mol−1 with Mw/Mn lower than 1.19. Isothermal crystallization kinetic is performed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry combining Avrami and Hoffman‐Weeks theories. Regarding to Avrami parameters, copolymers exhibited half‐life crystallization times 42 times higher than PCL homopolymer and two‐dimensional crystallization growth. Copolymers’ growing rate values are 51 times higher than PCL values according to Hoffman‐Weeks equation. These results suggest that interaction of grafted chains could hinder the rearrangement of PCL by reducing their final crystallization capacity.
Effect of Graphite Content on The Mechanical Properties of Acrylonitrile‐Butadiene‐Styrene (ABS)
Authors: Braga Natália Ferreira , Passador Fabio Roberto , Saito Eduardo , Cristovan Fernando Henrique
Published: February 2019

Composites based on graphite‐reinforced acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) polymer matrix are prepared in compositions of 1 and 2 wt% of graphite and the mechanical properties are compared to the neat ABS. The specimens are prepared by melt mechanical mixing through an intensive homogenizer/mixer followed by the hydropneumatic press. The materials are characterized by Charpy impact strength, Shore D hardness, and optical microscopy. Results shows that the ABS impact strength decreased (reduction of 33% with only 1 wt% of graphite) with the increase of the graphite content in the compositions, the addition of highly rigid graphite in the ABS matrix altered the tenacity mechanism. In addition, there was a 12% increase in the hardness of the composites in relation to the neat ABS. Microscopic analysis shows the presence of small graphite particles well distributed in the polymer matrix.