bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responses of surface ozone to future agricultural ammonia emissions and subsequent nitrogen deposition through terrestrial ecosystem changes
Authors: Liu Xueying , Tai Amos P. K. , Fung Ka Ming
Published: August 2021

Abstract. With the rising food demands from the future world population, more intense agricultural activities are expected to cause substantial perturbations to the global nitrogen cycle, aggravating surface air pollution and imposing stress on terrestrial ecosystems. Much less studied, however, is how the terrestrial ecosystem changes induced by agricultural nitrogen deposition may modify biosphere-atmosphere exchange and further exert secondary feedback effects on global air quality. Here we examined the responses of surface ozone air quality to terrestrial ecosystem changes caused by 2000-to-2050 changes in agricultural ammonia emission and the subsequent nitrogen deposition by asynchronously coupling between the land and atmosphere components within the Community Earth System Model framework. We found that global gross primary production is enhanced by 2.1 Pg C yr−1 following a 20 % (20 Tg N yr−1) increase in global nitrogen deposition by the end of year 2050 in response to rising agricultural ammonia emission. Leaf area index was simulated to be higher by up to 0.3–0.4 m2 m−2 over most tropical grasslands and croplands, and 0.1–0.2 m2 m−2 across boreal and temperate forests at midlatitudes. Around 0.1–0.4 m increases in canopy height were found in boreal and temperate forests, and ~0.1 m increases in tropical grasslands and croplands. We found that these vegetation changes could lead to surface ozone changes by ~0.5 ppbv when prescribed meteorology was used (i.e., large-scale meteorological responses to terrestrial changes were not allowed), while surface ozone could typically be modified by 2–3 ppbv when meteorology was dynamically simulated in response to vegetation changes. Rising soil NOx emission from 7.9 to 8.7 Tg N yr−1 could enhance surface ozone by 2–3 ppbv with both prescribed and dynamic meteorology. We thus conclude that following enhanced nitrogen deposition, the modification of the meteorological environment induced by vegetation changes and soil biogeochemical changes are the more important pathways that can modulate future ozone pollution, representing a novel linkage between agricultural activities and ozone air quality.
Evaluation of UV–visible MAX-DOAS aerosol profiling products by comparison with ceilometer, sun photometer, and in situ observations in Vienna, Austria
Authors: Schreier Stefan F. , Bösch Tim , Richter Andreas , Lange Kezia , Revesz Michael , Weihs Philipp , Vrekoussis Mihalis , Lotteraner Christoph
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Since May 2017 and August 2018, two ground-based MAX-DOAS (multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy) instruments have been continuously recording daytime spectral UV–visible measurements in the
northwest (University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU) site) and south (Arsenal site), respectively, of the Vienna city center (Austria). In this study, vertical aerosol extinction (AE) profiles, aerosol optical
depth (AOD), and near-surface AE are retrieved from MAX-DOAS measurements
recorded on cloud-free days applying the Bremen Optimal estimation REtrieval
for Aerosols and trace gaseS (BOREAS) algorithm. Measurements of atmospheric
profiles of pressure and temperature obtained from routinely performed sonde
ascents are used to calculate box-air-mass factors and weighting functions for different seasons. The performance of BOREAS was evaluated against
co-located ceilometer, sun photometer, and in situ instrument observations
covering all four seasons. The results show that the vertical AE profiles
retrieved from the BOKU UV–visible MAX-DOAS observations are in very good agreement with data from the co-located ceilometer, reaching correlation
coefficients (R) of 0.936–0.996 (UV) and 0.918–0.999 (visible) during the fall, winter, and spring seasons. Moreover, AE extracted using the lowest part of MAX-DOAS vertical profiles (up to 100 m above ground) is highly consistent with near-surface ceilometer AE (R>0.865 and linear regression
slopes of 0.815–1.21) during the fall, winter, and spring seasons. A strong correlation is also found for the BOREAS-based AODs when compared to the AERONET ones. Notably, the highest correlation coefficients (R=0.953 and
R=0.939 for UV and visible, respectively) were identified for the fall season. While high correlation coefficients are generally found for the fall, winter, and spring seasons, the results are less reliable for measurements taken during summer. For the first time, the spatial variability of AOD and near-surface AE over the urban environment of Vienna
is assessed by analyzing the retrieved and evaluated BOREAS aerosol
profiling products in terms of different azimuth angles of the two MAX-DOAS
instruments and for different seasons. We found that the relative
differences of averaged AOD between different azimuth angles are 7–13 %,
depending on the season. Larger relative differences of up to 32 % are
found for near-surface AE in the different azimuthal directions. This study
revealed the strong capability of BOREAS to retrieve AE profiles, AOD, and
near-surface AE over urban environments and demonstrated its use for
identifying the spatial variability of aerosols in addition to the temporal variation.
Aptian–Albian clumped isotopes from northwest China: cool temperatures, variable atmospheric pCO2 and regional shifts in the hydrologic cycle
Authors: Harper Dustin T. , Suarez Marina B. , Uglesich Jessica , You Hailu , Li Daqing , Dodson Peter
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The Early Cretaceous is characterized by warm background
temperatures (i.e., greenhouse climate) and carbon cycle perturbations that
are often marked by ocean anoxic events (OAEs) and associated shifts in the
hydrologic cycle. Higher-resolution records of terrestrial and marine
δ13C and δ18O (both carbonates and organics)
suggest climate shifts during the Aptian–Albian, including a warm period
associated with OAE 1a in the early Aptian and a subsequent “cold snap” near the Aptian–Albian boundary prior to the Kilian and OAE 1b. Understanding the
continental system is an important factor in determining the triggers and
feedbacks to these events. Here, we present new paleosol carbonate stable
isotopic (δ13C, δ18O and Δ47) and
CALMAG weathering parameter results from the Xiagou and Zhonggou formations
(part of the Xinminpu Group in the Yujingzi Basin of NW China) spanning the
Aptian–Albian. Published mean annual air temperature (MAAT) records of the
Barremian–Albian from Asia are relatively cool with respect to the Early
Cretaceous. However, these records are largely based on coupled δ18O measurements of dinosaur apatite phosphate (δ18Op) and carbonate (δ18Ocarb) and therefore
rely on estimates of meteoric water δ18O (δ18Omw) from δ18Op. Significant shifts in the
hydrologic cycle likely influenced δ18Omw in the region,
complicating these MAAT estimates. Thus, temperature records independent of
δ18Omw (e.g., clumped isotopes or Δ47) are
desirable and required to confirm temperatures estimated with δ18Op and δ18Oc and to reliably determine regional shifts in δ18Omw. Primary carbonate material was
identified using traditional petrography, cathodoluminescence inspection, and δ13C and δ18O subsampling. Our preliminary
Δ47-based temperature reconstructions (record mean of
14.9 ∘C), which we interpret as likely being representative of
MAAT, match prior estimates from similar paleolatitudes of Asian MAAT
(average ∼ 15 ∘C) across the Aptian–Albian.
This, supported by our estimated mean atmospheric paleo-pCO2
concentration of 396 ppmv, indicates relatively cooler midlatitude
terrestrial climate. Additionally, our coupled δ18O and Δ47 records suggest shifts in the regional hydrologic cycle (i.e.,
ΔMAP, mean annual precipitation, and Δδ18Omw) that may track
Aptian–Albian climate perturbations (i.e., a drying of Asian continental
climate associated with the cool interval).
Variability in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma stable isotope ratios from isothermal conditions: implications for individual foraminifera analysis
Authors: Jonkers Lukas , Brummer Geert-Jan A. , Meilland Julie , Groeneveld Jeroen , Kucera Michal
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Individual foraminifera analysis (IFA) holds promise to reconstruct seasonal to interannual oceanographic variability. Even though planktonic foraminifera are reliable recorders of environmental conditions on a population level, whether they also are on the level of individuals is unknown. Yet, one of the main assumptions underlying IFA is that each specimen records ocean conditions with negligible noise. Here we test this assumption using stable isotope data measured on groups of four shells of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma from a 16–19 days resolution sediment trap time series from the subpolar North Atlantic. We find a within-sample variability of 0.11 and 0.10 ‰ for δ18O and δ13C respectively that show no seasonal pattern and exceed water column variability in spring when conditions are homogeneous down to 100s of metres. We assess the possible effect of life cycle characteristics and delay due to settling on foraminifera δ18O variability with simulations using temperature and δ18Oseawater as input. These simulations indicate that the observed δ18O variability can partially be explained by environmental variability. Individual N. pachyderma are thus imperfect recorders of temperature and δ18Oseawater. We estimate the excess noise on δ18O to be 0.11 ± 0.06 ‰. The origin and nature of the recording imprecision require further work, but our analyses highlight the need to take such excess noise into account when interpreting the geochemical variability among individual foraminifera.
Ardennite-bearing mineral association related to sulfide-free ores with chalcophile metals at Nežilovo, Pelagonian Massif, North Macedonia
Authors: Bermanec Marko , Chukanov Nikita V. , Boev Ivan , Šturman Božidar Darko , Zebec Vladimir , Bermanec Vladimir
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Among numerous minerals determined at Nežilovo, Pelagonian Massif,
North Macedonia, ardennite-(As) has been discovered in two different
associations and studied by means of optical microscopy, electron microprobe
analysis (EMPA), and single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction methods. The
refractive indices of ardennite-(As) from Nežilovo are α=1.537(2), β=1.579(1) and γ=1.741(1), where γ
corresponds to the c direction. The optical axial angle is 2Vx=49(1)∘. EMPA of the investigated samples yields the
following empirical formulae:
[Mn3.272+Ca0.73]Σ4.00[Al4.18Mg1.24Fe0.29Mn0.193+Zn0.10]Σ6.00(Si4.73Al0.27)Σ5.00(As0.96Si0.03V0.01)Σ1.00O22 [OH5.36(H2O)0.64]Σ6.00
for ardennite-(As) and (K0.95Na0.04Ba0.02)Σ1.01(Al1.44Fe0.303+Mg0.20Mn0.03Ti0.02
Zn0.01)Σ2.00(Si3.21Al0.79O10) (OH1.97O0.03)Σ2.00 for the associated red mica. The unit cell parameters of
ardennite-(As) determined by X-ray powder diffraction are a=8.757(2) Å, b=5.836(2) Å, c=18.578(2) Å and V=941.97 Å3.
The unit cell parameters of ardennite-(As) were also determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and are a=8.760(1) Å, b=5.838(1) Å,
c=18.582(2) Å and V=950.30 Å3. Regularities of isomorphism in ardennite-related minerals are discussed. The
presence of ardennite-(As) in association with 2M1 and 3T phengite
polytypes provides evidence for three separate stages of formation.
Conditions at which ardennite-(As) crystallized have been estimated based on
compositional features of associated micas.
Last-glacial-cycle glacier erosion potential in the Alps
Authors: Seguinot Julien , Delaney Ian
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The glacial landscape of the Alps has fascinated generations of explorers,
artists, mountaineers, and scientists with its diversity, including erosional features of all scales from high-mountain cirques to steep
glacial valleys and large overdeepened basins. Using previous glacier
modelling results and empirical inferences of bedrock erosion under modern
glaciers, we compute a distribution of potential glacier erosion in the
Alps over the last glacial cycle from 120 000 years ago to the present.
Despite large uncertainties pertaining to the climate history of the Alps
and unconstrained glacier erosion processes, the resulting modelled
patterns of glacier erosion include persistent features. The cumulative
imprint of the last glacial cycle shows a very strong localization of
erosion potential with local maxima at the mouths of major Alpine valleys
and some other upstream sections where glaciers are modelled to have flowed
with the highest velocity. The potential erosion rates vary significantly
through the glacial cycle but show paradoxically little relation to the
total glacier volume. Phases of glacier advance and maximum extension see a
localization of rapid potential erosion rates at low elevation, while
glacier erosion at higher elevation is modelled to date from phases of less
extensive glaciation. The modelled erosion rates peak during deglaciation
phases, when frontal retreat results in steeper glacier surface slopes,
implying that climatic conditions that result in rapid glacier erosion
might be quite transient and specific. Our results depict the Alpine glacier erosion landscape as a time-transgressive patchwork, with different parts of the range corresponding to different glaciation stages and time periods.
Rill Erosion on Slope of Spoil tips: experimental study of runoff scouring erosion in multiple times
Authors: Lou Yongcai , Gao Zhaoliang , Zhou Fuyu , Ai Jianwei , Cen Yunfeng , Wu Tong , Xie Jianbin
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The soil erosion of the spoil tips seriously threatens the safety of people's lives and property and the surrounding ecological environment. Rill erosion is an important cause of water and soil loss in spoil tips. This study was conducted to investigate the process of rill erosion on the slopes of spoil tips, changes in the morphological characteristics of rills and the mechanisms of rill erosion. A Field runoff plot (5 m long, 1 m wide and 0.5 m deep) with three inflow rates (1.6, 2 and 2.4 mm min−1) and three typical slopes (28°, 32° and 36°) was used for runoff simulation experiments. The results showed that, compared with the slope and scouring times, inflow rate was the most important factor affecting rill erosion of the spoil tips. The development of rill mainly goes through three stages: the rill formation stage, the rill development stage and the rill adjustment stage. The overall predominance of parallel-shaped rills at all experiments suggested that the formation of rills was dominated by concentrated runoff. The average rill depth was the best indicator of rill morphology for evaluating rill erosion. The flow regimes under the experimental conditions were supercritical-laminar flow and supercritical-transition flow. The Reynolds number was the best hydraulic parameter for predicting rill erosion. The stream power was the best hydrodynamic parameter to describe rill erosion mechanism. These results contributed to further revealing the rill erosion mechanism on the slope of the spoil tips and provided a scientific basis for its soil erosion control.
Mass balance and hydrological modeling of the Hardangerjøkulen ice cap in south-central Norway
Authors: Eidhammer Trude , Booth Adam , Decker Sven , Li Lu , Barlage Michael , Gochis David , Rasmussen Roy , Melvold Kjetil , Nesje Atle , Sobolowski Stefan
Published: August 2021

Abstract. A detailed, physically based, one dimensional column snowpack model (Crocus) has been incorporated into the hydrological model, Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Hydro, to allow for direct surface mass balance simulation of glaciers and subsequent modeling of meltwater discharge from glaciers. The new system (WRF-Hydro/Glacier) is only activated over a priori designated glacier areas. This glacier area is initialized with observed glacier thickness and assumed to be pure ice (with corresponding ice density). This allows for melting of the glacier to continue after all accumulated snow has melted. Furthermore, the simulation of surface albedo over the glacier is more realistic, as surface albedo is represented by snow, where there is accumulated snow, and glacier ice, when all accumulated snow is melted. To evaluate the WRF-Hydro/Glacier system over a glacier in southern Norway, WRF atmospheric model simulations were downscaled to 1 km grid spacing. This provided meteorological forcing data to the WRF-Hydro/Glacier system at 100 m grid spacing for surface and streamflow simulation. Evaluation of the WRF downscaling showed a good comparison with in situ meteorological observations for most of the simulation period. The WRF-Hydro/Glacier system reproduced the glacier surface winter/summer and net mass balance, snow depth, surface albedo and glacier runoff well compared to observations. The improved estimation of albedo has an appreciable impact on the discharge from the glacier during frequent precipitation periods. We have shown that the integrated snowpack system allows for improved glacier surface mass balance studies and hydrological studies.
Taking theory to the field: streamflow generation mechanisms in an intermittent Mediterranean catchment
Authors: Gutierrez-Jurado Karina Y. , Partington Daniel , Shanafield Margaret
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Streamflow dynamics for non-perennial networks remain poorly understood. The highly nonlinear unsaturated dynamics associated with the transitions between wetting and drying in non-perennial systems make modelling cumbersome. This has stifled previous modelling attempts and alludes to why there is still a knowledge gap. In this study, we first construct a conceptual model of the physical processes of streamflow generation in an intermittent river system in South Australia, based on the hypothesis that the vertical and longitudinal soil heterogeneity and topography in a basin control short term (fast flows), seasonal (slow flow), and a mixture of these two. We then construct and parameterise a fully integrated surface–subsurface hydrologic model to examine patterns and mechanisms of streamflow generation within the catchment. A set of scenarios are explored to understand the influences of topography and soil heterogeneity across the catchment. The results showed that distinct flow generation mechanisms develop in the three conceptualised areas with marked soil and topographic characteristics and suggested that capturing the order of magnitude for the average hydraulic conductivity of each soil type across the catchment was more important than pinpointing exact soil hydraulic properties. This study augments our understanding of catchment-scale streamflow generation processes, while also providing insight on the challenges of implementing physically based integrated surface–subsurface hydrological models in non-perennial stream catchments.
Spatial and temporal subsidence characteristics in Wuhan (China), during 2015–2019, inferred from Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry
Authors: Shi Xuguo , Zhang Shaocheng , Jiang Mi , Pei Yuanyuan , Qu Tengteng , Xu Jinhu , Yang Chen
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Ground subsidence is regarded as one of the most common
geohazards, accompanied with the rapid urban expansion in recent years. In
the last 2 decades, Wuhan, located in the alluvial Jianghan Plain, has
experienced great urban expansion with increased subsidence issues, i.e.,
soft foundation subsidence and karst collapse. Here we investigated
subsidence rates in Wuhan with 2015–2019 Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. We found that the overall subsidence over the Wuhan region is significantly correlated with the distribution of engineering geological subregions (EGSs). We further validated the interferometric SAR (InSAR) measurements with better than 5 mm accuracy by comparing with leveling measurements. Subsidence centers in Qingling–Jiangdi, Houhu, Qingshan, and Dongxihu were identified with
displacement rates of approximately 30 mm/yr. Our results demonstrated that the dominant driving factor is ongoing construction, and the fact that the subsidence centers shifted with construction intensities. The Qingling–Jiangdi area in our study is a well-known site of karst collapse. We find that the nonlinear subsidence of this area is correlated with the seasonal rainfall.
A comparison between Envisat and ICESat sea ice thickness in the Antarctic
Authors: Wang Jinfei , Min Chao , Ricker Robert , Shi Qian , Han Bo , Hendricks Stefan , Wu Renhao , Yang Qinghua
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The crucial role that Antarctic sea ice plays in the global climate system is strongly linked to its thickness. While field observations are too sparse in the Antarctic to determine long-term trends of the Antarctic sea ice thickness (SIT) on a hemispheric scale, satellite radar altimetry data can be applied with a promising prospect. European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative – Sea Ice Project (ESA SICCI) includes sea ice freeboard and sea ice thickness derived from Envisat, covering the entire Antarctic year-round from 2002 to 2012. In this study, the SICCI Envisat SIT in the Antarctic is first compared with a conceptually new ICESat SIT product retrieved from an algorithm employing modified ice density. Both data sets are compared to SIT estimates from upward-looking sonar (ULS) in the Weddell Sea, showing mean differences (MD) and standard deviations (SD) of 1.29 (0.65) m for Envisat-ULS, while we find 1.11 (0.81) m for ICESat-ULS, respectively. The inter-comparisons are conducted for three seasons except winter, based on the ICESat operating periods. According to the results, the differences between Envisat and ICESat SIT reveal significant temporal and spatial variations. More specifically, the smallest seasonal SIT MD (with SD shown in brackets) of 0.00 m (0.39 m) for Envisat-ICESat for the entire Antarctic is found in spring (October–November) while larger MD of 0.52 m (0.68 m) and 0.57 m (0.45 m) exist in summer (February–March) and autumn (May–June), respectively. It is also shown that from autumn to spring, mean Envisat SIT decreases while mean ICESat SIT increases. Our findings suggest that overestimation of Envisat sea ice freeboard, potentially caused by radar backscatter originating from inside the snow layer, primarily accounts for the differences between Envisat and ICESat SIT in summer and autumn, while the uncertainties of snow depth product are not the dominant cause of the differences.To get a better understanding of the characteristics of the Envisat-derived sea ice thickness product, we firstly conduct a comprehensive comparison between Envisat and ICESat-1 sea ice thickness. Their differences reveal significant temporal and spatial variations. Our findings suggest that overestimation of Envisat sea ice freeboard primarily accounts for the differences in summer and autumn, while the uncertainties of snow depth product are not the dominant cause of the differences.
Linking air stagnation in Europe with the synoptic- to large-scale atmospheric circulation
Authors: Maddison Jacob W. , Abalos Marta , Barriopedro David , García-Herrera Ricardo , Garrido-Perez Jose M. , Ordóñez Carlos
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The build-up of pollutants to harmful levels can occur when meteorological conditions favour their production or accumulation near the surface. Such conditions can arise when a region experiences air stagnation. The link between European air stagnation, air pollution and the synoptic- to large-scale circulation is investigated in this article across all seasons and the 1979–2018 period. Dynamical indices identifying atmospheric blocking, Rossby wave breaking, subtropical ridges, and the North Atlantic eddy-driven and subtropical jets are used to describe the synoptic- to large-scale circulation as predictors in statistical models of air stagnation and pollutant variability. It is found that the large-scale circulation can explain approximately 60 % of the variance in monthly air stagnation, ozone and wintertime particulate matter (PM) in five distinct regions within Europe. The variance explained by the model does not vary strongly across regions and seasons, apart from for PM when the skill is highest in winter. However, the dynamical indices most related to air stagnation do depend on region and season. The blocking and Rossby wave breaking predictors tend to be the most important for describing air stagnation and pollutant variability in northern regions, whereas ridges and the subtropical jet are more important to the south. The demonstrated correspondence between air stagnation, pollution and the large-scale circulation can be used to assess the representation of stagnation in climate models, which is key for understanding how air stagnation and its associated climatic impacts may change in the future.
Can the assimilation of water isotopologue observation improve the quality of tropical diabatic heating and precipitation?
Authors: Khosrawi Farahnaz , Toride Kinya , Yoshimura Kei , Diekmann Christopher J. , Ertl Benjamin , Hase Frank , Schneider Matthias
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The strong coupling between atmospheric circulation, moisture pathways and atmospheric diabatic heating is responsible for most climate feedback mechanisms and controls the evolution of severe weather events. However, diabatic heating rates obtained from current meteorological reanalysis show significant inconsistencies. Here, we theoretically assess with an Observation System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) the potential of the MUlti-platform remote Sensing of Isotopologues for investigating the Cycle of Atmospheric water (MUSICA) Infrared Atmospheric Sounding interferometer (IASI) mid-tropospheric water isotopologue data for constraining uncertainties in meteorological analysis fields. For this purpose, we use the Isotope-incorporated General Spectral Model (IsoGSM) together with a Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF) and assimilate synthetic MUSICA IASI isotopologue observations. We perform two experiments consisting each of two ensemble simulation runs, one ensemble simulation where we assimilate conventional observations (temperature, humidity and wind profiles obtained from radiosonde and satellite data) and a second one where we assimilate additionally to the conventional observations the synthetic IASI isotopologue data. In the second experiment, we perform one ensemble simulation where only synthetic IASI isotopologue data are assimilated and another one where no observational data at all are assimilated. The first experiment serves to assess the impact of the IASI isotopologue data additional to the conventional observations and the second one to assess the direct impact of the IASI isotopologue data on the meteorological variables, especially on the heating rates and vertical velocity. The assessment is performed for the tropics in the latitude range from 10° S to 10° N. When the synthetic isotopologue data are additionally assimilated, we derive in both experiments lower Root-Mean Square Deviations (RMSDs) and improved skills with respect to meteorological variables (improvement by about 8–13 %). However, heating rates and vertical motion can only be improved throughout the troposphere when additionally to IASI δD conventional observations are assimilated. When only IASI δD is assimilated the improvement in vertical velocity and heating rate is minor (up to a few percent) and restricted to the mid-troposphere. Nevertheless, these assimilation experiments indicate that IASI isotopologue observations have the potential to reduce the uncertainties of diabatic heating rates and meteorological variables in the tropics and in consequence offer potential for improving meteorological analysis, weather forecasts and climatepredictions in the tropical regions.
Perception and Effects of Dramas on University Students
Authors: Latif Jawaria , Malik Subha , Nadeem Madiha
Published: August 2021

Drama as an important mean of the media can impact the lives of people and consequently influence the whole society. This study conducted to understand the perception of students and the effects of Hum TV dramas on university students of Lahore. For this, mixed method research design was applied. Focus groups and self-constructed questionnaire were used for data collection from conveniently selected male and female students of public and private universities. Qualitative results revealed that subject selection and features of dramas determined the students’ attitude towards watching trends. Similarly, the perceived impact of dramas on culture, lifestyles, fashion sense and even on spouse selection criteria were reported by both male and female students. Quantitative results did not show any significant gender difference in the subject preference of dramas, features and impacts of dramas. Moreover, subject selection and features of dramas for watching differed with students’ year of study.
A MODELING APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ INFORMAL INFERENTIAL REASONING
Authors: DOERR HELEN M. , DELMAS ROBERT , MAKAR KATIE
Published: August 2021

Teaching from an informal statistical inference perspective can address the challenge of teaching statistics in a coherent way. We argue that activities that promote model-based reasoning address two additional challenges: providing a coherent sequence of topics and promoting the application of knowledge to novel situations. We take a models and modeling perspective as a framework for designing and implementing an instructional sequence of model development tasks focused on developing primary students’ generalized models for drawing informal inferences when comparing two sets of data. This study was conducted with 26 Year 5 students (ages 10-11). Our study provides empirical evidence for how a modeling perspective can bring together lines of research that hold potential for the teaching and learning of inferential reasoning.
First published November 2017 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Lighting as facilitator of the theatrical transaction
Authors: Dwyer Simon
Published: August 2021

The act of writing is firmly embedded within the praxis of the lighting designer. A script

is annotated, documents to communicate creative concepts are created and records to

facilitate the realised design are carefully crafted. Less formalised writing includes

doodles, sketches and drawings to amplify design ideas conveying simply what few

words can not. This act of writing, planning, plotting and recording is contrasted by the

nature of light, an ephemeral effect that illuminates an object in space at a moment in

time and is then gone. This article will examine some of the roles that illumination plays

as both storyteller and communicator within a performance, through an examination of

the lighting design for Epicentre Theatre Company’s 2014 production of Reginald Rose’s

seminal play Twelve Angry Men (1955). The article will examine the role of the lighting

to interact with the stage and the actors, as well as in supporting and reinforcing the

communication and storytelling within the performance environment.
Wandering in intersectional time: subjectivity and identity in Richard Flanagan’s The Narrow Road to the Deep North
Authors: Reeve Victoria
Published: August 2021

Using hokku poet Bashō’s aesthetics of wandering, as defined by Thomas Heyd, I argue that, by detailing the excruciating pointlessness of work undertaken according to commands that take little or no account of their feasibility, Richard Flanagan’s novel, The Narrow Road to the Deep North (which takes its title from Bashō) transforms the features of this aesthetics into the lived experience of prisoners of war on the ‘line’. In doing so, Flanagan transfers Bashō’s aesthetics into a represented actuality through the privileging of subjectivity over identity and the dissolution of the body on the line. The three prongs to Bashō’s aesthetics are found in Flanagan’s novel. In this, Flanagan is identifying the complexity of meanings evident in the terminology of such aesthetics, rendering what appears positive in the context of Bashō’s poetry negative in its practical application as this is articulated through the prisoners’ wartime experiences. Rather than being formative, Flanagan’s novel suggests wartime experience has a complexly ‘opposite’ effect. This is apparent in the complications of identity represented in postwar terms as a disunity (rather than a coherent unity), as articulated through the use of spatial metaphors that reverse the formative intensities of subjectivity and body through symbolic acts of dispersal and dissolution.
Diverse bodies-space politics: towards a critique of social (in)justice of built environments
Authors: Stafford Lisa , Volz Kirsty
Published: August 2021

Writing has long played an important role in the progression of architecture and the built

environment. Histories of architecture are written, manifestoes that form the basis for a

designer’s work are written and most importantly, the built environment advances itself

through the act of critical writing. Not unlike the visual arts, literature and poetry, the

tradition of written criticism has been crucial to the progression of architecture and its

allied professions (Franz 2003). This article contributes to architecture and the built

environment through the act of a written essay that critiques the problem of bodily

diversity to architecture. In particular, the article explores the implications of body-space

politics and abstracted body thinking on diverse bodies and their spatial justice. Using

Soja’s Spatial Justice theory (2008), we seek to point out the underlying conceptions and

power differentials assigned to different bodies spatially and how this leads to spatial

injustices and contested spaces. The article also critically analyses the historical

emergence of ‘the standardised body’ in architecture and its application in design theory

and practice, and looks at how bodies often found on the outside of architecture highlight

how such thinking creates injustices. Different theories are drawn on to help point to how

design through the use of the upright, forward facing, male body willingly and

unwillingly denies access to resources and spatialities of everyday life. We also suggest

ways to re-conceptualise the body in design practice and teaching.
Writing the body
Authors: Waters Irene
Published: August 2021

Autobiographical writing embodies a wide range of interdisciplinary actions not only

from the perspective of the writing of the narrative but also for those reading it.

Drawing on interdisciplinary studies when researching the personal gives a broader

base on which to base the creative work and an understanding of its purpose. This

article examines aspects of writing the self in memoir, such as memory, truth,

embodiment and identity, drawing on work from a range of disciplines and conclude

showing the effects that these interdisciplinary studies can have on our creative selves

and our research.
In the museyroom: a speculative genealogy of post-criticism
Authors: Abblitt Stephen
Published: August 2021

This paper explores the compositional processes of this post-critic, his errant and

wandering trajectories, as he faces a crisis of academic genre. Addressing a parodic

tone recently adopted in critical writing, it performatively enacts what Ulmer terms

‘post-criticism’, a strategy of textual demonstration (explanation, exposition,

exhibition; but also protest) and détournement (a critical copying and correction,

remixing; morphological mimicry as textual transgression and politico-poetic

subversion) which applies the devices of modernist art to critical representations. The

narrative conceit of an imaginary museum exhibition is deployed to demonstrate this

more oblique style, exemplary, dramatic, performative, tracing its speculative

genealogy through some convergent twentieth-century avant-gardes.
Comparison of Composite Quality from PP Plastic with Recycled HDPE Through The Screw Extruder Process
Authors: Zulnazri Z , Atmaja W , Maliki S , Muarif A , Noviansyah F , Ramadhan C
Published: August 2021

This study examines the composite quality of PP and HDPE plastic waste materials using Microfiber Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) as filler, the fiber used is 90 µm. The ratio of matrix: filler used is 60:40 and 70:30 for each type of PP and HDPE polymer. The method used is a melt blending screw extruder, where plastic and fiber materials are dissolved with a compatibilizer and then melt blended in an extruder by providing temperatures of 160 and 170 oC. Tensile tests showed the strength of the PP composite with a filler ratio of 60:40 and 70:30, respectively, of 313.25 N and 336.35 N, while the HDPE composite with a filler ratio of 60:40 and 70:30, respectively are 392.93 N and 187.90 N. The maximum force required to break HDPE composites reaches 21.10 Mpa while for PP composites it reaches 18.56 Mpa. From the morphology of the PP and HDPE composite samples, the overall surface structure of HDPE looks regular with a width from 1 to 13.5 mm. The PP composite shows a uniform and regularly arranged surface structure and the bond between the fibers and the filler looks more compatible but the surface pores are rougher. Heat resistance can be seen from the melting point of PP composites which can reach 163.81oC while HDPE composites only reach 134.21oC.
UN MODELO DE DINERO DE BANCA LIBRE ¿INFLACIONARIO O NO?
Authors: Bayona Dante Ernesto
Published: August 2021

FONDOS DEL PÚBLICO COMO PRÉSTAMO AL BANCO, NO COMO DEPÓSITO DE RESGUARDO Toda empresa que necesita levantar fondos del público para llevar a cabo sus aventuras riesgosas tiene dos formas de hacerlo: emitir bonos o emitir acciones. Acciones y bonos representan diferentes tipos de contratos. Cuando uno adquiere acciones de una empresa, uno asume todo el riesgo y todos los posibles beneficios de la empresa; uno es propietario de la empresa. Por otro lado, cuando uno adquiere bonos de una empresa, uno otorga un préstamo a la empresa, y la empresa está obligada a devolver esos fondos, inde- pendientemente de si el negocio va bien o mal; uno es acreedor, no dueño, de la empresa. Si las aventuras riesgosas resultan positivas para la empresa, entonces los accionistas participan de ganancias relativamente mayores a las de los tenedores de bonos.
Propuesta De Mejoramiento De La Productividad De Las Pymes Transformadoras De Plástico Del Barrio Carvajal De Bogotá Mediante El Modelo De Productividad Gte.
Authors: SUAREZ GAITÁN WILMAR , CALDERÓN PINO MARLY FERNANDA , CEDEÑO BUITRAGO AIDA LORENA
Published: August 2021

La investigación “Propuesta de mejoramiento de la productividad de las pymes transformadoras de plástico del Barrio Carvajal de Bogotá mediante el modelo de productividad GTE”, busca por medio del modelo GTE incrementar la productividad teniendo en cuenta los factores tangibles e intangibles que afectan a las empresas del sector plásticos en la ciudad de Bogotá. Se pretende elaborar un diagnóstico de la situación actual de las empresas, diseñar una propuesta del modelo GTE y evaluar una propuesta de costos para su implementación. Para ello, el tipo de investigación es cuantitativo, disciplinar, aplicativo y descriptivo con el fin de identificar la situación actual en las empresas y diseñar e implementar el modelo de productividad (GTE) que traiga beneficios de productividad con soluciones a las problemáticas existentes. Los resultados esperados son: dar a conocer a los empresarios estrategias y mejoras frente a los factores internos y externos que los afectan, demostrar que el manejo eficiente de los recursos tiene una relación directa con la eficiencia, productividad y disminución en costos, demostrar que la motivación en las personas es un factor importante en el incremento de la productividad y brindarle al empresario un plan de mejoramiento que le traiga beneficios a las empresas.
Modelo de análisis económico para proyectos dendroenergéticos: Metodología y resultados preliminares.
Authors: VARÓN QUINCHE SONIA
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo recopila los resultados preliminares en la implementación de cálculos matemáticos cuyo propósito es generar indicadores de viabilidad económica para proyectos de inversión y apoyar la toma de decisiones, a partir del uso de Excel, como parte del trabajo adelantado en el semillero de investigación Bioindustrias.

Dentro del estudio previo de los antecedentes del estado del arte, se ha determinado que los proyectos de inversión para la generación de energía bajo fuentes no convencionales FNCER en Colombia presentan matices de orden jurídico, contable y financiero que inciden en su viabilidad económica, cuya estructura se distingue de los proyectos convencionales, por consiguiente, se genera la necesidad de programar la herramienta propuesta bajo estas

directrices, involucrando las tecnologías existentes y alineándolas con la normatividad jurídica y fiscal vigente.

El desarrollo plasma el montaje realizado en Excel de las operaciones matemáticas que parten de datos iniciales, suministrados por el usuario, estructurando la sintaxis necesaria para calcular los indicadores. Se concluye de manera preliminar que la metodología implementada es funcional para cualquier tipo de proyecto de inversión, dando la opción de parametrizar aquellas variables con incidencia en proyectos específicos como el desarrollado, permitiendo que esta herramienta pueda adecuarse a las necesidades específicas del usuario final.
A Study to Assess the Stress among Antenatal Women Admitted for Safe Confinement at a Tertiary Level Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala
Authors: Krishna Gayathri , S R Aswathy , Lal S Arathy
Published: August 2021

Aim: To assess stress among antenatal women admitted for safe confinement and to find stress level and related factors for stress. Identifying the level of stress will help to develop interventions to reduce the stress.
Objectives:
i) To find out the level of stress experienced by antenatal women.
ii) To find out the association between level of stress and selected socio-demographic and clinical data of antenatal women.
Method: A quantitative research approach-descriptive cross-sectional survey design was adopted. 60 samples were selected for the study by using purposive sampling technique.
Results: It is identified that 1% of selected antenatal women had no stress, 73% had mild stress, 25% had moderate stress and 1% had severe stress. After calculation of chi square values, it is identified that there is association between stress level and selected sociodemographic variables (occupation) and also there is significant association between stress level and clinical data (parity).
Conclusion: Majority of women in their antenatal period experience varying stress. 73.33% of them had mild stress where as 26.66% experienced moderate stress. Extreme levels of stress including no stress and severe stress were very rare ie, 1%. Multiple factors have association with their stress level. Present study documented significant association with parity and occupational status of women.

Keywords: stress, antenatal women, safe confinement.
Clinico-Etiological Profile and Outcome of Children with Status Epilepticus Admitted in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital - A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Beegum M Bifina , Devakumar V K , Sugunan Sheeja
Published: August 2021

Objectives: We undertook this study to describe the clinical-etiological profile of children less than 12 years age with Status Epilepticus (SE) and to study the risk factors and etiologies associated with refractory status epilepticus (RSE), outcome at end of hospital stay and predictors of favourable/unfavourable outcome in SE.
Materials and Methods: Study design-Hospital based Prospective observational study.
Setting-Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary care referral hospital in Kerala, India for a period of 1 year from April 2017 to April 2018.
111 children, less than 12 years age, admitted consecutively with SE were enrolled in the study. The information regarding the parameters in a structured proforma were collected by the primary investigator and entered after careful examination and appropriate investigations. Final outcome at the end of hospital stay was noted. The data collected were analyzed to identify significant factors which may predict the outcome and the risk factors associated with RSE.
Statistical Analysis: Data collected were entered in Microsoft Excel Sheet-2013.Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software(IBM SPSSv24).Quantitative variables were summarised as mean and SD and categorical variables as proportions. For testing significance of association, Chi square test was done for categorical variables and Independent T-test was done for continuous variables. P value<0.05 was considered significant. The odds ratio with 95% confidence interval of each of the dichotomous variables by univariate analysis were determined.
Results: SE was found to be more common in 1-6 years age group followed by infancy. 51.4% of cases were boys and 48.6% were girls. Most common cause of status was febrile status followed by meningoencephalitis. Anemia was significantly associated with RSE (p-value=0.001) and was found to be a risk factor (odds ratio=8.68). 9 (8.1%) children expired. Unfavourable outcome was observed more in children who remained pain responsive or unresponsive 6 hours after seizure control, which was significant (p value<0.01). Delay in initiation of first anti-epileptic drug (AED) was significantly associated with progression to RSE and unfavourable outcome.
Conclusion: We found that anemia and delay in initiation of first AED was significantly associated with RSE. There was also significant association between unfavourable outcome and children who remained pain-responsive or unresponsive 6 hours after seizure control.

Keywords: anemia, antiepileptic, febrile status, meningitis, mortality.
Urgensi Ulama dan Umara Dalam Sistem Demokrasi Politik Lokal Kabupaten Situbondo
Authors: Abrori Faizul
Published: August 2021

Tulisan ini bertujuan mengetahui urgensitas ulama dan umara dalam sistem demokrasi politik lokal di kabupaten Situbondo, hasil penelitian menyimpilkan pertaman, ulama sebagai figure cultural bahkan sebagai benteng moralitas (morality figure) dan umara adalah pejabat yang mempunyai hak dan berwenang mengeluarkan kebijakan-kebijakan, sinergitas ini sangat kuat untuk membentuk masyarakat madani (civil society) dan mewujudkan masyarakat thayyibatun wa rabbun ghofur. Kedua, masyarakat Situbondo dikenal sebagai masyarakat paternalistik, masyarakat ini ditandai dengan kepatuhan yang tinggi kepada ulama terbukti dengan slogan mate odi’ noro’ kyiai (mati hidup ikut kyai) yang sering terucap acap kali kontestasi pemilihan, jadi preferensi sosio politiknya berbasis kyai yang berplatformkan ketohoan ulama di Situbondo.
Akhlak Tasawuf Dalam Sains Modern
Authors: Sholihah Mar'atus , Jannah Nur , Afida Ifa
Published: August 2021

Ada sebuah perbedaan mendasar antara sains dan agama, sama halnya antara sains tradisional dan sains modern. Konsep ini ditemukan pada fakta-fakta bahwa perkembangan dunia modern sekarang dan revolusi industri 4.0 tidak memiliki keseimbangan moralitas dan agama itu sendiri. Hal ini dibuktikan oleh banyak sekali kejadian-kejadian yang bagi sebagian banyak orang lebih memilih untuk merusak planet ini daripada melestarikannya. Sains tradisional memiliki tujuan untuk memahami alam, namun sains modern mengembangkan sains untuk mengeksploitasi alam itu sendiri. Hal yang paling parah adalah manusia tidak menyadari bahwa mereka telah mengeksploitasi alam ini sejauh itu karena perilaku tersebut sudah menjadi sebuah budaya. Modernitas memang merupakan sebuah budaya yang meniadakan budaya tradisional daripada mengembangkannya. Artikel ini memberikan sebuah pendekatan baru untuk memahami apa itu sebenarnya sains dan bagaimana manusia bisa mempelajarinya sesuai dengan apa yang dibutuhkan alam. Artikel ini juga menjelaskan seberapa pentingnya untuk menerapkan nilai-nilai moral dan agama pada pembelajaran akhlak tasawuf untuk mempelajari, memahami dan mengembangkan sains.