bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SYSTEMS WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR DEFENSE AND SECURITY
Authors:   “Vasil Levski” National Military University - Artillery, Air Defense and CIS Faculty, Shumen, Bulgaria, BORISOVA Angela R. , NIKOLOV Linko G. ,   “Vasil Levski” National Military University - Artillery, Air Defense and CIS Faculty, Shumen, Bulgaria
Published: August 2023

To date, artificial intelligence systems are predicted to rapidly enter the defense and security sector. The importance of such automation systems is still under research, in order the qualitative and qualitative indicators for decision making to be improved. In such researches, real-time data analysis tools have to be used and their data exchanged. Common examples are surveillance drones, large amount of sensors and the connection to cloud computing. In the field of cybersecurity AI algorithms undergo continuous revolution. By the use of Artificial intelligence algorithms predictions are the key results for adequate and correct decisions. Huge amounts of data processing define the possibility to make right decisions in non-deterministic environments. In this review report an overview of the already used systems is made and benefits and risks of using artificial intelligence systems in defense and security is examined.
REDUKCIJA PIKE KOD DECE SA POREMEĆAJIMA IZ SPEKTRA AUTIZMA
Authors: Gajić Anja , Arsić Bojana , Maćešić-Petrović Dragana , Bašić Aleksandra
Published: August 2023

Deca sa poremećajima iz spektra autizma (PSA) često imaju abnormalne reakcije na gustativne nadražaje. Najčešći problem ishrane do kog dolazi u gustativnom domenu je pika, koja predstavlja konzumiranje nenutritivnih supstanci, a kao posledice pike navode se trovanje, infekcije, gušenje, gastrointestinalne smetnje i smrt. Stoga je cilj ovog rada da prikaže procedure primenjivane kod osoba sa PSA za redukciju pike. Za pretragu literature korišćeni su pretraživači Google Scholar, SCIndex, Pro- Quest i KoBson. U pregled su uključeni radovi koji su istraživačkog karaktera i koji prikazuju rezultate intervencija za redukciju pike kod dece sa PSA, a kod kojih se pokazalo da je funkcija pike autostimulacija. U pregled literature je uvršćeno ukupno pet radova. Primenjivane procedure u istraživanjima su blokiranje odgovora, pružanje potkrepljenja nezavisno od ponašanja, pronalaženje podudarajuće stimulacije, prekidanje odgovora i omogućen pristup hrani nezavisno od odgovora, trening diskriminacije, prekidanje sa preusmeravanjem, diferencirano potkrepljenje alternativnog ponašanja, uparivanje sa nepoželjnim stimulusom i posledična averzivna stimulacija. Sve ove procedure su se pokazale veoma uspešnim. Imajući u vidu podatke da pika dovodi do zdravstvenih tegoba i ponekad smrti, ističemo kako je pika poremećaj koji direktno utiče na kvalitet života pojedinca, što implicira neophodnost u redukciji. U zaključnim razmatranjima istaknute su preporuke za implementaciju budućih istraživanja.
ZNAČAJ METAKOGNITIVNIH STRATEGIJA UČENJA I MOTIVACIJE ZA USPEH U UČENJU STUDENATA SPECIJALNE EDUKACIJE I REHABILITACIJE
Authors: Lukić Jelena , Višnjić Sofija , Brkić Jovanović Nina , Andrejić Višnjić Bojana , Bosanac Milana
Published: August 2023

Metakognicija, shvaćena kao znanje o sopstvenim kognitivnim procesima, pri čemu se odnosi, između ostalog, i na aktivno praćenje i posledično regulisanje ovih procesa, uključena je u različite aktivnosti tokom procesa učenja (obrazovanja). Sastoji se iz dva različita, međusobno povezana dela, metakognitivno znanje, koje je svest o svom razmišljanju i metakognitivna regulacija, koja je sposobnost upravljanja sopstvenim procesom razmišljanja. Cilj rada je ispitivanje i procena nivoa razvijenosti metakognitivne svesnosti studenata, razvijenost određenih domena metakognicije (orijentacija ka cilju, metakognitivno znanje, metakognitivna iskustva, metakognitivni izbor, metakognitivno praćenje), kao i odnos pola, godine studija i prosečne ocene na studijama, sa nivoom metakognicije. Istraživanje obuhvata ispitivanje 160 studenata Specijalne edukacije i rehabilitacije u Novom Sadu (152 ženskog pola i 8 studenata muškog pola), korišćenjem Upitnika za procenu metakognitivne svesnosti – GMAC (Generalized Measure of Adaptive Cognition). Rezultati ukazuju na prisutnost visokog nivoa metakognitivne svesnosti, pri čemu nisu pronađene statistički značajne razlike po polu, prosečnoj oceni tokom studija i godini studija, osim na dimenziji Orijentacija ka cilju, gde studenti ženskog pola pokazuju bolje rezultate. Dimenzija Orijentacija ka cilju se statistički značajno razlikuje od preostalih dimenzija Metakognitivno iskustvo, Izbor i Praćenje. Na ovoj dimenziji se ujedno beleže i najviši prosečni skorovi. Nalazi istraživanja upućuju na važnost proučavanja metakognicije i imliciraju mogućnosti unapređivanja metakognicije studenata.
INFORMALNO UČENJE KROZ PRIZMU KONSTRUKTIVISTIČKE PEDAGOGIJE
Authors: Dakić Jovana
Published: August 2023

Informalno učenje kao proces učenja koji se odvija u svakodnevnom životu, u slobodnom vremenu, u interakciji sa okruženjem, sve je više centar interesovanja brojnih autora. Pored mnogih drugih aspekata, kao što su mogućnosti informalnog učenja, gde se ono odvija i pod kojim uslovima, kada može biti namerno, a kada je nenamerno, kakva je veza između formalnog i informalnog učenja, literatura se bavi i teorijskim osnovama informalnog učenja. Konstruktivistička pedagogija, time što pruža savremenije razumevanje procesa učenja kao konstrukcije znanja koja nastaje oblikovanjem dobijene informacije na osnovu prethodnog iskustva učenika, u velikoj meri može predstavljati temelje informalnog učenja. Zalaganje konstruktivističke pedagogije za razumevanje učenja kao zavisnog od prethodnog iskustva učenika i socijalne interakcije omogućava njeno posmatranje u vezi sa informalnim učenjem. U skladu sa tim, cilj ovog rada je ukazivanje na mogućnosti posmatranja konstruktivističke pedagogije kao teorijske osnove informalnog učenja, i ostvaruje se primenom metode teorijske analize i tehnike analize sadržaja. Pedagoške implikacije ovog rada se ogledaju u boljem razumevanju informalnog učenja i osvetljavanju njegovih teorijskih osnova.
Risk factors for life-threatening ischemic events and death in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Prokofieva Tatiana V. , Polunina Olga S. , Polunina Ekaterina A.
Published: July 2023

The development and implementation of effective measures of secondary prevention of recurrent ischemic events and post-hospital mortality in patients with myocardial infarction remains relevant. A total of 130 patients (89 men and 41 women) with myocardial infarction of type I were examined. At the in-patient stage of treatment, a set of laboratory data characterizing endogenous intoxication syndrome was subjected to clustering. As a result, four clusters were formed: polymarker-retentive, necrotic-inflammatory, hypoxic-inflammatory and a cluster with no endogenous intoxication syndrome. Recurrent heart attack, stroke, and mortality from cardiac causes constituted the combined end point. The probability of its occurrence within 1 year after myocardial infarction development was 18.6 %. We proposed a model for predicting the development of the combined endpoint, taking into account the type of endogenous intoxication syndrome.
Orientational habits in new spatial environmental conditions during oral administration of the transfer factor in rats
Authors: Akhmadiev Pavel A. , Hismatullina Zukhra R. , Iskhakov Eduard R.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the study of transfer factors influence on the behavior of rats when they are repeatedly placed in Open field and Dark-Light box apparatuses. Unambigously favorable or deleterious influence was not observed, it can be considered, however, that transfer factor can change a structure of exploratory activity.
Influence of progressive spectacles correction on the eye hydrodynamics indicators and ocular morphometric parameters in presbyopic persons
Authors: Gndoyan Irina A. , Petraevsky Aleksei V. , Kuznetsova Natal’ya A. , Kushtareva Liliya B.
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To study the eye hydrodynamics indicators and eye morphometric parameters in presbyopic subjects with emmetropia and hyperopia under the usual professional visual load with using of progressive and monofocal spectacles correction. Material and methods: 49 subjects (98 eyes) of 4556 y.o., mean age (48 1.7) years, were examined. There were 20 men and 29 women. Emmetropia was present in 22 subjects (44 eyes), mild degree of hyperopia in 19 subjects (38 eyes) and moderate degree of hyperopia in 8 subjects (16 eyes). All subjects who were included in the study had not any eye diseases other than presbyopia and hyperopia. All persons were examined against the background of intense visual load at the end of the working day. First examination was performed without spectacles using, second one after prescribing and using of monofocal or progressive spectacles correction. The examination methods were represented by visometry, refractometry, pneumotonometry, computer tonography, ultrasound biometry, determination of accommodation amplitude using the Push up test, optical coherence tomography of the anterior segment of the eye. Results: The critic intensity of eye hydrodynamics processes, anterior chamber depth decreasing and the iridocorneal angle increasing were revealed under conditions of visual load at near distance in presbyopic patients with hyperopia and emmetropia without spectacles correction. Using of progressive spectacles correction led to significant decreasing of intraocular pressure (IOP) (p 0.001), increasing of aqeous humor outflow (p 0.001), anterior chamber depth decreasing (p 0.01 in emmetropia and p 0.001 in hyperopia) and iridocorneal angle increasing (p 0.001). Significant increasing of the accommodation amplitude was recorded with using of progressive correction in both hyperopic (p 0.001) and emmetropic subjects (p 0.05). Conclusion: The use of progressive glasses as a permanent correction has a positive effect on the state of eye hydrodynamics and morphometric parameters of the anterior chamber in emmetropic and hypermetropic patients with presbyopia. Lack of correction in persons of presbyopic age not only causes visual fatigue, but can lead to disruption of hydrodynamic balance and the development of glaucoma.
Aspects of effect of novel compound exhibiting hypoglycemic activity on female rat reproduction processes
Authors: Bugaeva Lyubov I. , Denisova Tatiana D. , Tyurenkov Ivan N. , Petrov Vladimir I. , Melikhova Natalia S.
Published: July 2023

In experiments, in female rats, the novel substance dipiarone with hypoglycemic activity when administered intragastrically at doses of 0.5 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg from 6 to 16 days of gestation did not have a damaging effect on the processes of organo- and fetogenesis and did not contribute to the occurrence of deformities and abnormalities in the development of fetuses recorded in the antenatal and postnatal period of their development. Intragastric administration of dipiarone to rats at a dose of 100 mg/kg from 6 days of pregnancy until delivery showed that the formation of physical development of rat offspring in the postnatal period corresponds to the control parameters, while they had an increase in the rate of body weight gain, ahead of the time of formation of sensory-motor reflexes, activation of motor and emotional behavior.
Is the adhesive or mechanical behavior of glass ceramics influenced by the adhesive layer application after etching and silanization?
Authors: Velho Helder Callegaro , Machado Pablo Soares , Da Rosa Lucas Saldanha , Prochnow Catina , Pisani-Proença Jatyr
Published: August 2023

Aim: This review investigated the effect of applying an adhesive after surface treatment of glass-ceramics on the bonding, mechanical or clinical behavior. Methods: Studies comparing the adhesive, mechanical or clinical behavior of glass-ceramics, with or without adhesive application after surface treatment, were included. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases (January 2022), resulting in 15 included studies. Results: Regarding the evaluated outcomes, 13 studies assessed bond strength, 2 studies assessed biaxial flexural strength and 1 study assessed fatigue failure load, while no study evaluating clinical outcomes was included. It was possible to observe that the adhesive application after ceramic surface treatment was unfavorable or did not influence the evaluated outcomes. Conclusion: Most of the evidence available in the literature shows that the adhesive application after surface treatment does not improve the adhesive and mechanical behavior of glass-ceramics.
Impacts of Clinical and Demographical Aspects on the Duration of Pytiriasis Versicolor
Authors: M Kharis Khamdan  , Yuri Widia, dr., SP.KK  , Dr. Rebekah J. Setiabudi, dr., M.Si  , Evy Ervianti, dr., Sp.KK(K)
Published: August 2023

Background: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) or tinea versicolor is a superficial fungal infection characterized by macules on the skin. It is generally caused by the fungus Malassezia. PV is found throughout the world, especially in tropical countries. Generally, this infection is influenced by humidity, hyperhidrosis, and population density around the world. One of the ways to establish PV is through the KOH examination. Purpose: Evaluating the correlation between the clinical and demographic factors and the duration of illness of outpatient PV patients of the Mycology Division of Dermatology and Venereology Department at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital from 2018 to 2020. Methods: This is an observational analytic study based on medical records at the outpatient clinic of Mycology Division of the Dermatology and Venereology Department of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. The data was collected in October 2021. The chi-square test is used to analyze the data in this study. Result: 216 PV patients’ data was collected. Most gender was male, most age group was 20-60, most weight group was 51 – 60 kg, most regional origin was from Surabaya, and most duration of infection was <3 months. In this study, topical and systemic treatment of this disease had a significant relationship with patients’ duration of illness (topical p=0.05; systemic p=0.026). Conclusion:  Topical and systemic treatment of this disease has a significant relationship with the duration of illness in PV patients.
The Effects of Hormonal Factor on the Degree of Acne Vulgaris Severity
Authors: Alarik L. Albertus , Indiastuti Danti Nur , Astari Linda , Setyaningrum Trisniartami
Published: August 2023

Background: Acne vulgaris is a disease in the form of chronic inflammation of the pilosebaceous follicles with multifactorial causes. Acne vulgaris is a very common skin disease with a prevalence of 85%  in the age range of 18-25 years. There are aggravating factors that can exacerbate acne vulgaris, including hormonal factors. However, the study about how strong the effects of hormonal factors and on acne severity is really limited. Purpose: The objective of this research is to determine how strong hormonal factors contribute on the severity of acne vulgaris. Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective study using secondary data obtained from 199 patients at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Unit of RSUD Dr. Soetomo from January- December 2019. The data were analyzed using SPSS with regression analysis.Result: Hormonal factors significantly influenced the degree of acne vulgaris severity (P-value=0.030). Based on the logistic regression model, it can be found that hormonal factors influence the degree of acne vulgaris by 70% Conclusion: The effect of hormonal factors on the severity of acne vulgaris is 70%.
Covid-19 In A Patient With Pemphigus: A Case Report
Authors: Dwizella Nandya , Pratama Nevristia
Published: August 2023

Background: Pemphigus disease, especsially Pemphigus Vulgaris (PV), is an autoimmune disease resulting in blisters on the skin and mucosa due to autoantibodies attacking desmogleins (DSG) 1 and 3. Autoimmunity development in PV may be idiopathic or induced by neoplasms, drugs, infections, or inflammatory processes.  Besides affecting the respiratory tract, COVID-19 may also affect other systems, such as the skin. The pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and COVID-19 have similarities, which is an overreaction of the immune system. Purpose: To report a case about the association between PV autoimmune disease and COVID-19. Case: A 30-year-old woman presented with full-body pain and ulcers. Three days before the skin lesions, the patient complained of a mild cough, and the SARS-CoV-2 examination was positive. The patient was treated with systemic and topical corticosteroids along with broad-spectrum antivirals. The patient was discharged with an improved lesion condition and a negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR on day 5 of treatment. Discussion: Prolonged viral infection or viral infection itself, such as COVID-19 can cause immune system dysregulation leading to autoimmune skin lesions with different mechanisms. The use of corticosteroids or immunosuppressants in autoimmune diseases increases the risk of COVID-19 infection in a pandemic. Conclusion: In the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases such as pemphigus vulgaris are interrelated with the presence of immune dysregulation leading to skin lesions
A Split-Face Comparative Study in Efficacy and Safety between the Combination of 4% Niacinamide and 4% Kojic Acid Cream versus 4% Hydroquinone Cream for Epidermal Melasma
Authors: Hindritiani Reti , Nazlia Felly , Octavia Nadia , Rizqandaru Trustia , Puspitosari Diah , Ruchiatan Kartika
Published: August 2023

Background: Melasma is a hyperpigmentation disorder that affects the quality of life, especially in women. Hydroquinone has remained the mainstay of melasma treatment. However, its safety for long-term usage became a great concern. Combination therapy, such as niacinamide and kojic acid, can be used as an alternative melasma treatment due to different mechanisms of action and synergism. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of a combination of 4% niacinamide and 4% kojic acid (N-K) vs. 4% hydroquinone (HQ) in epidermal melasma. Methods: This was a randomized, double blind, clinical study on 13 female epidermal melasma patients at the Cosmetic Dermatology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Patients received two creams, a combination of N-K and HQ, for split-face therapy, regardless of the sides of the face. All patients were followed up at 4 and 8 weeks. The clinical efficacy was assessed for skin lightening effects using a spectrophotometer (L* value) and the melasma area severity index (MASI). Adverse effects were assessed in all patients. Result: Both the N-K and HQ groups showed significant improvement in skin lightening and MASI scores on week 8 (p <0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in efficacy between the N-K and HQ groups (p >0.05). None of the patients in the N-K group complained of any adverse effects. Whereas in the HQ group, 23.07% presented with pruritus and mild erythema.
The Role of the Animation Film “Kanca Cilik” in Increasing Student’s in Relation to Mental Health Help-Seeking Behaviour
Authors: Ahmad Guntur  , Lani Tiara Karlina Putri
Published: August 2023

Background: Mental health problems in adolescents or grade school students saw an increased prevalence in 2018 compared to 2013. Some causes of such an increase were poor knowledge and low self-efficacy in relation to help-seeking behaviour in adolescents, especially those attending rural schools. Preventive and promotive efforts can be applied to increase knowledge and self-efficacy in relation to help-seeking behaviour in adolescents. Using a film for health promotion is highly suitable for altering the behaviour of adolescents. Objective: This study aims to analyse differences in the levels of mental health knowledge and self-efficacy among students in rural schools in relation to help-seeking behaviour using the animated film "Kanca Cilik." Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental, time-series design and a control group. The population of this study consisted of 156 students aged 12–19 years who attended rural schools. Samplingwas conducted using the purposive sampling technique. Results: The characteristics of respondents of the intervention and control groups had a p value > 0.05. The knowledge and self-efficacy of the intervention group in relation to help-seeking behaviour had a p value < 0.05. Meanwhile, the knowledge and self-efficacy of the control group in relation to help-seeking behaviour had a p value > 0.05. Conclusion: There was an equality of respondent characteristics in the intervention and control groups. There was a difference in the mean values before and after film screening intervention, but there was no difference in the control group.
DETECTION OF PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN (PVL) GENE AGAINST METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (MRSA) IN DIABETIC ULCER PATIENTS
Authors: Prisma Anjarlena  , Suliati  , Wisnu Istanto  , Retno Sasongkowati
Published: August 2023

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients are susceptible to wound infections brought on by S. aureus bacteria, in dealing with infections caused by bacteria, antibiotic treatment was conducted. Nevertheless, misapplication of antibiotics might lead to drug resistance or MRSA. Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) is a crucial factor of S. aureus pathogenicity. Skin and soft tissue infections can be caused by the PVL gene. Purpose: To detect PVL gene in ulcer swabs of diabetic mellitus patients against MRSA strains. Method: Employing descriptive quantitative data analysis of PVL gene detection observations on ulcer swab of diabetes mellitus patients using the RT-PCR method. Ulcer swab samples were collected at Dharmahusada and Banyu Urip Diabetes Wound Specialist Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. The research was conducted at the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Health Polytechnic Ministry of Health Surabaya, Bacteriology Laboratory for the isolation and identification of MRSA and Molecular Biology Laboratory for the detection of the PVL gene in April–May 2022. Result: From 30 samples of ulcer swabs, 8 samples were positive for MRSA and 22 samples were negative for MRSA. After that, the MRSA positive samples were detected using the RT-PCR method to detect the PVL gene. The results of PVL detection were obtained from 6 samples (75%) positive for detecting the PVL gene and 2 samples (25%) negative for detecting the PVL gene. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that ulcer swabs from diabetes mellitus patients had the PVL gene against MRSA.
COMBINATION OF ULTRASOUND THERAPY, MUSCLE ENERGY TECHNIQUE, AND SUSTAINED NATURAL APOPHYSEAL GLIDES IN NON-SPECIFIC NECK PAIN – A CASE SERIES
Authors: Antari Ni Komang Ayu Juni , Negara Anak Agung Gede Angga Puspa , Nugraha Made Hendra Satria
Published: August 2023

Background: Non-specific neck pain is a common neuromusculoskeletal problem and affects about two thirds of people worldwide. Purpose: To find out the efficacy of the combination therapy in individuals with non-specific neck pain. Case: The intervention was given in 12 sessions (3 times per week for 4 weeks) with the total duration of therapy per session is 20 minutes. The sequence of interventions includes: ultrasound therapy, application of muscle energy techniques, and SNAGs mobilization. Evaluation of therapy in the form of pain was measured by a visual analogue scale and the range of motion of the cervical spine’s lateral flexion was measured by a goniometer. Result: The results of the case series showed a decrease in pain scores from an average of 5.67 to 2.73. In the range of motion of the cervical spine’s lateral flexion there was an increase from an average of 30 degrees to 36 degrees. Conclusion: The combination of ultrasound therapy, muscle energy technique, and sustained natural apophyseal glides provided benefits in reducing pain and increasing the range of motion of the cervical spine’s lateral flexion in individuals with non-specific neck pain. This case series can be used as a preliminary study to develop further research with experimental methods in proving the effectiveness of the combination therapy in treating non-specific neck pain.
INTRAVENOUS VITAMIN C (IVC) TREATMENT OUTCOME OF COVID 19 PATIENTS ADMITTED IN HOSPITAL: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Pratiwi Auria Ekanti , Suwarsa Oki , Achadiyani  , Atik Nur
Published: August 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still becoming a problem in several countries with the emergence of new variants with the latest variant named Omicron. Studies show that patients with COVID-19 tend to have Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) because of high pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines levels. Since its role as an antiviral agent, anti-cytokine, immunomodulator, antioxidant and has potential effect in maintaining body functions, vitamin C can be used as one of therapy. There is still arguable about giving treatment of COVID-19 patients with Intravenous Vitamin C (IVC). Previous research has not been discussed related to accelerating recovery and decreasing mortality. Purpose: To identify the impact of IVC intervention given to COVID-19 patients admitted in hospital by reviewing clinical outcomes particularly on complexity or mortality. Review: Literature information was sourced from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases through keywords to retrieve inclusion criteria published during 2019-2021. Result: We found that IVC influenced inflammatory biomarkers such as CRP, d-dimer, ferritin, and several inflammatory cytokines, mortality, length of stay, oxygenation, organ and immune system function but showed no significant difference between the control group. Conclusion: IVC treatment might be an essential adjuvant therapy in the aggravation of mild, severe, and critical COVID-19 patients, but did not understate complexity or mortality. Hence, further research and evaluation in clinical trials are needed.
Primary and acquired resistance to first-line therapy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Astore Serena , Baciarello Giulia , Cerbone Linda , Calabrò Fabio
Published: August 2023

The introduction of first-line combinations had improved the outcomes for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) compared to sunitinib. However, some patients either have inherent resistance or develop resistance as a result of the treatment. Depending on the kind of therapy employed, many factors underlie resistance to systemic therapy. Angiogenesis and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), nevertheless, are inextricably linked. Although angiogenesis and the manipulation of the tumor microenvironment are linked to hypoxia, which emerges as a hallmark of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) pathogenesis, it is only one of the potential elements involved in the distinctive intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity of RCC that is still dynamic. We may be able to more correctly predict therapy response and comprehend the mechanisms underlying primary or acquired resistance by integrating tumor genetic and immunological markers. In order to provide tools for patient selection and to generate hypotheses for the development of new strategies to overcome resistance, we reviewed the most recent research on the mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that target the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR).We can choose patients’ treatments and cancer preventive strategies using an evolutionary approach thanks to the few evolutionary trajectories that characterize ccRCC.
Kernel Geometric Mean Metric Learning
Authors: Feng Zixin , Yun Teligeng , Zhou Yu , Zheng Ruirui , He Jianjun
Published: August 2023

This paper propose a kernel geometric mean metric learning (KGMML) algorithm. The basic idea is to obtain the closed-form solution of the geometric mean metric learning (GMML) algorithm in the high-dimensional feature space determined by the kernel function. Then, the solution is generalized as a form of kernel matrix by using the integral representation of the weighted geometric mean and the Woodbury matrix in this new feature space. Experimental results on 15 datasets show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of the GMML algorithm and other metric algorithms.
Analyzing Travelers' Perception and Impacts of Carpooling on Traffic Sustainability
Authors: Haroon Waqas , Khan Muhammad Arsalan , Ilyas Zeeshan , Almujibah Hamad R. , Ashfaq Muhammad , Hamza Muhammad
Published: August 2023

As urban populations and transport demand expand, Pakistani metropolitan centers face traffic congestion and environmental challenges. This research aims to assess carpooling (CP) to alleviate traffic congestion, fuel demand, and pollution. This study was conducted in Islamabad, a fast-growing city with a high percentage of personal cars in Pakistan, to assess the travelers’ perceptions, and public acceptance of CP and determine the effects on traffic congestion, fuel consumption, and CO2 emissions. The investigation of travelers' perceptions towards CP was conducted through a stated preference questionnaire survey. A total of 700 responses from one million population of Islamabad were collected as per Sloven's Formula. SPSS and Smart PLS software were used for data analysis. Various factors influencing peoples’ travel perceptions, mode choice, and tendency to carpool, were categorized to evaluate the relationship between travelers’ perception and the tendency to carpool in the presence of mode choice as a mediating variable. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted in SMART PLS to refine the number of scale items for each variable. One-way ANOVA, step-wise and mediated multiple regression analysis was conducted in SPSS to check the direct and mediating relationship between different variables. Moreover, the probability of reducing traffic congestion and assessing fuel reduction resulting from CP was also analyzed. The findings imply that travelers’ mode choice acts as a mediator between the relationship between travelers’ perception and tendency to carpool. Furthermore, results predicted that CP might reduce 0.25 million cars on the road, about 33.6% of the total private vehicles. Thereby, saving up to 546,810 barrels per year, about 3.42% of Pakistan's total petrol consumption. The findings of this study could be helpful for transport planners, environmentalists, and policymakers to implement carpool systems. Thus, reducing traffic congestion and harmful CO2 emissions and maintaining a sustainable environment.
Enhancing Water Temperature Prediction in Stratified Reservoirs: A Process-Guided Deep Learning Approach
Authors: Kim Sungjin , Chung Sewoong
Published: August 2023

Data-driven models (DDMs) are extensively used in environmental modeling but face challenges due to limited training data and potential results not adhering to physical laws. To address this challenge, this study developed a process-guided deep learning (PGDL) model, integrating a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network and a process-based model (PBM), CE-QUAL-W2 (W2), to predict water temperature in a stratified reservoir. The PGDL included an energy constraint term from W2's thermal energy equilibrium into the cost function of the LSTM, besides the mean square error term. In PGDL, parameters were optimized by penalizing deviations from the energy law, ensuring adherence to physical constraints. Compared to LSTM, PGDL demonstrated enhanced satisfaction with the energy balance and superior performance in water temperature prediction. Even with less field data for training, PGDL outperformed both LSTM and calibrated W2 after pre-training with data generated using the uncalibrated W2. Therefore, integration of DDM with a PBM ensured physical consistency in water temperature prediction for complex stratified reservoirs with limited data. Moreover, pre-training the PGDL with PBM proved highly effective in mitigating bias and variance due to insufficient field measurement data.
The Application of Barocaloric Solid‐State Cooling in the Food Cold Chain for Carbon Footprint Reduction
Authors: Cirillo Luca , Greco Adriana , Masselli Claudia
Published: August 2023

In this paper the application of the solid-state cooling based on barocaloric effect in the cold food supply chain is investigated. Barocaloric solid-state technology is applied to the final chain links of the cold food supply chain, regarding the steps of retail and domestic conservation. In this context a barocaloric cooler with regard to food needing to be kept at 5°C (273 K), in order to operate with a promising cooling technology that result energy efficient and environmentally friendly. The categories of food interested in the investigation are meets and fresh food products like soft cheese, yogurt, milk. The energy performances of the barocaloric system have been carried out and compared with a commercial vapor compression refrigerator of a similar size, both operating with R600a under the same working conditions. Basing on the following consideration one can conclude that barocaloric cooling is a favourable technology to be employed in the last link chains of the cold food supply chain if the system operates in ABR cycle at frequencies between 1.25 and 1.50 Hz with a regenerator made of acetoxy silicone rubber as solid-state refrigerant and 50%EG-50%water mixture as heat transfer fluid flowing at the optimal velocity of 0.15 m s-1 that guarantees an appropriate trade-off between the temperature span, the cooling power and the coefficient of performances. Under these conditions the barocaloric system overperforms the domestic vapor compression cooler operating with R600a.
Stochastic Orderings of the Idle time of Inactive Standby
Systems
Authors: Shrahili Mansour , Kayid Mohamed
Published: August 2023

In this paper we consider a failed cold standby systems and obtain some stochastic bounds on the
idle time of such systems. It is assumed that, at a time t the failure of a cold standby system
is observed, but the actual time of the failure is a time before t. The idle time of the inactive
cold standby system is measured as the time between the exact time of failure, which is a random
variable, and time t. We use the idle times of the components of the system to obtain lower and
upper bounds on the lifetime of the standby system to which they are assembled. We bring some
examples to show that the results and the conditions imposed to get them are achievable.
Morphometric Analysis of the Critically Endangered Fan Mussel (Pinna nobilis L.) in Maliakos Gulf (Central Aegean)
Authors: Tsamadias I. E. , Rizou D.D. , Moutopoulos D. K. , Lattos A. , Giantsis J.A. , Michaelidis B. , Theodorou J. A.
Published: August 2023

A pilot study regarding the transplantation of 100 specimens of the critically endangered Pinna nobilis took place in summer of 2019 in Maliakos Gulf (Central Aegean, Greece). In this study we present the relationships between total height (HT, in cm), unburied length (UL, in cm), and shell width (SW, in cm) for P. nobilis and the relationship between HT and net weight (W, in g). Length-length relationships were all linear for all cases: r2 > 0.900), whereas the relationship between HT and W was exponential with the value of the exponent b being allometric. "Ecology, Conservation and Restoration of Threatened Animal"
The Impact of Soil Tillage and Crop Residue Incorporation Systems on Agrophysical Soil Properties
Authors: Steponavičienė Vaida , Rudinskienė Aušra , Žiūraitis Giedrius , Bogužas Vaclovas
Published: August 2023

This study investigates the long-term impact of soil tillage systems and crop residue incorporation on agrophysical properties. A long-term field experiment has been conducted since 1999 at the Ex-perimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy. According to the latest edition of the International Soil Classification System, the soil in the experimental field was classified as Planosol, with a silty medium loam texture at a depth of 0–20 cm and a silty light loam at a depth of 20–40 cm. This investigation aimed to assess the long-term impact of reduced tillage systems, straw, and green manure combinations on soil physical properties, including soil shear strength, and soil aggregate stability. Studies were carried out on winter wheat crops in 2014, 2017, and 2023. The treatments were arranged using a split-plot design. In a two-factor field experiment, one part of the experimental field had straw removed, while the other part had the entire straw yield chopped and spread at harvest (Factor A). The subplot factor (Factor B) included three different tillage sys-tems: conventional deep ploughing, cover cropping for green manure with no-till, and no-tillage. Soil samples were analysed in the Laboratory of Agrobiology at Vytautas Magnus University Ag-riculture Academy. The findings indicate that long-term application of reduced tillage significantly increases soil shear strength. Shallower tillage depths lead to higher soil shear strength, while the effect of spreading plant residues is relatively lower. Long-term tillage of different intensities, spreading plant residues, and catch crop cultivation for green manure did not significantly affect soil structure. However, soil structural stability was found to be highly dependent on soil tillage. Cover cropping for green manure with no-till and no-tillage positively affected soil aggregate sta-bility in the upper (0–10 cm) and 10–25 cm layers.
5-Nitrofuran-Tagged Oxazolyl Pyrazolopiperidines: Synthesis and Activity against ESKAPE Pathogens
Authors: Rogacheva Elizaveta , Kraeva Lyudmila , Lukin Alexey , Vinogradova Lyubov , Komarova Kristina , Chudinov Mikhail , Gureev Maxim , Chupakhin Evgeny
Published: August 2023

A series of eight 5-nitrofuran-tagged oxazolyl tetrahydropyrazolopyridines (THPP’s) has been prepared in six stages with excellent regioselectivity. The testing of these compounds against pathogens of ESKAPE panel showed a good activity of lead compound 1-(2-methoxyethyl)-5-(5-nitro-2-furoyl)-3-(1,3-oxazol-5-yl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c] pyridine (13g), which is superior to nitrofurantoin. These results confirmed the benefit of combining a THPP scaffold with a nitrofuran warhead. Certain structure-activity relationships were established in the course of this study which were rationalized by the induced-fit docking experiments in silico.
Symmetry of structures under two-dimensional instability in a finite-height horizontal layer of boiling liquid
Authors: Pavlenko Aleksandr N. , Zhukov Vladimir I.
Published: August 2023

: Two-dimensional instability of a horizontal layer of boiling liquid with a finite height is experimentally studied. In this layer, “vapor columns” rose at the corners of a square rectangular grid. The symmetry of “vapor column” location on the heating surface is considered. The model considers the approach to the boiling crisis in terms of both developed nucleate boiling and transitional boiling (the Zuber problem). When dealing with developed nucleate boiling, the layer of boiling liquid is considered in calculations as an isotropic homogeneous system (foam). It is shown how the conditions on the heating surface (capillary-porous coating) affect external hydrodynamics of the liquid layer and, ultimately, the value of the critical heat flux. The calculation ratio obtained by approaching the boiling crisis with regard to developed nucleate boiling takes into account the dependence of the critical heat flux on the void fraction of the boiling liquid layer. A new solution to the boiling crisis problem is proposed when approaching the crisis from the point of transitional boiling (the Zuber problem). This new solution eliminates some shortcomings of the classical problem (in particular, the void fraction of the layer corresponds to the experiments).
Influence of the heat treatment duration on the cycling performance and electrochemical mechanism of Na2Ti3O7 as anode material for Na-ion batteries
Authors: Piffet Caroline , Eshraghi Nicolas , Mottet Gregory , Hatert Frédéric , Swiatowska Jolanta , Cloots Rudi , Boschini Frederic , Mahmoud Abdelfattah
Published: August 2023

The growing interest in Na-ion batteries as a “beyond lithium” technologies for energy storage drives the research for high-performance and environment-friendly materials. Na2Ti3O7 (NTO) as an eco-friendly, low-cost anode material shows a very low working potential of 0.3 V vs Na+/Na but suffers from poor cycling stability, which properties can be significantly influenced by materials synthesis and treatment. Thus, in this work, the influence of the calcination time on the electrochemical performance and the reaction mechanism during cycling were investigated. NTO heat-treated for 48 h at 800 °C (NTO-48h) demonstrated enhanced cycling performance in comparison to NTO heat-treated for only 8 h (NTO-8h). The pristine material was thoroughully characterized by X-ray diffraction, laser granulometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and specific surface area measurements. The reaction mechanisms induced by sodiation/desodiation and cycling were investigated by opernado XRD. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to evidence the evolution of the solid electrolyte interface layer (SEI) and modification of charge transfer resistances as well as the influence of cycling on capacity decay. The evolution of the crystallographic structure of NTO-48h revealed a more ordered structure and lower surface contamination compared to NTO-8h. Moreover, the residual Na4Ti3O7 phase detected after the sodium extraction step in NTO-8h seems correlated to the lower electrochemical performance of NTO-8h compared to NTO-48h.
From Reward to Anhedonia : Dopamine Function in The Global Mental Health Context
Authors: Dresp-Langley Birgitta
Published: August 2023

When “hijacked” by compulsive behaviors that affect the reward and stress centers of the brain, functional changes in dopamine circuitry occur as the consequence of pathological brain adaptation. As a brain explanans for mental health, with a central functional role in behavioral regulation from healthy reward seeking to pathological adaptation to stress in response to adversity, we may use dopamine regulation in interaction with other brain mechanisms, as discussed herein, to gather a deeper insight into environmentally triggered mental health changes to understand, for example, specific behavioral changes observed during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Pandemic-related adversities, the stresses they engendered, and the long lockdown periods where people had to rely on digital tools to get feed-back rewards via the internet can be seen as the major triggers of changes in motivation and reward seeking behavior worldwide. The pathological adaptation of dopamine-mediated reward circuitry in the brain offers a highly plausible explanation why, when pushed by fate and circumstance into a physiological brain state of anti-reward, human behavior and mental health changes almost inevitably depending on individual vulnerability to stress. A unified conceptual account that places dopamine function at the centre of the current global mental health context is proposed.
Prevalence of Educational Struggle Correlates with School Districts Toxics Sites and Demographics Variables, with GIS Projections.
Authors: Shrestha Junu , Khan Raihan , McClintock Shane , DeGroote John , Zeman Catherine
Published: August 2023

contaminated sites located in each school district. Previous studies showed that various environmental factors, such as exposure to toxic substances negatively impacts human health depending on their concentration and occurrence. Therefore, the study aims to use Geographical Information System (GIS) technology and secondary data on IEP numbers of each school district, chemical occurrence in contaminated sites, and demographic data to conduct a correlational analysis. The secondary data obtained from school districts and contaminated sites from Iowa Department of Natural Resources Facility Explorer were populated in ArcMap 10.5 (a GIS software) for generating maps and data to conduct statistical analysis. The contaminants were categorized into metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and solvents with weighing factors as 1, 0.5, and 0.25. A total of 1 Superfund site and 39 CERCLA sites were identified as contaminated sites for this study. The majority of contaminants were heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, mercury, and cadmium. The mean toxic score of all contaminated sites combined was 13.4 (sd 14.4).
The correlational analysis between the IEP numbers from each school districts and toxic scores from the contaminated sites was positive indicting that increased toxic score increased the number of students enrolled in the IEP program (F=23.7, p<0.0001). The correlational analysis between toxic score and demographics indicated some interesting results. Children under the age of 10 were living in areas with high toxic score and the showed mild correlation (p<0.00052). Similarly, higher number of black population resided in areas with high toxic score (p=0.0032) than the white population (p<0.0001). The result also indicated that children enrolled in IEP were predominantly among the black population (p<0.0001). The correlational analysis between household income and poverty percentage of people residing near the contaminated area indicated that people had low average household income (p=0.0002) and high poverty percentage (p=0.0203) residing in areas with higher toxic score. Regarding the educational status, less number of people with post graduate degree (p<0.0001) resided in areas with high toxic score and more number of people with no degree (p<0.0001) resided in areas with high toxic score. Finally, the study showed the increasing trend of eligible children enrolling in free and reduced lunch programs with increasing toxic scores (p=0.0012) and IEP levels (p=0.0416). This study emphasize on developing multiple exposure to correlate environmental factors contributing to the negative health outcome on people.
The Double-Nozzle Technique Equipped with RF-Only Funnel and RF-Buncher for the Ion Beam Extraction into Vacuum
Authors: Varentsov Victor
Published: August 2023

This paper is a further development of our “Proposal of a new double-nozzle technique for in-gas-jet laser resonance ionization spectroscopy” published in journal Atoms earlier in this year. Here, we propose to equip the proposed double-nozzle technique with the RF-only funnel and RF-buncher placed in the gas-jet chamber at 70 mm distance downstream the double-nozzle exit. It allows for highly effective extraction into vacuum heavy ion beams, produced in two-steps laser resonance ionization in the argon supersonic jet. We explored the operation of this new full version of the double-nozzle technique through detailed gas dynamic and then Monte Carlo trajectory simulations, which results are presented and discussed. In particularly, we have shown by calculations that more than 80% of all nobelium-254 neutral atoms, extracted by argon flow from the gas stopping cell through the double-nozzle into the supersonic jet can be extracted into vacuum in a form of pulsed ion beam having low transverse and longitudinal emittance.s dynamic and Monte Carlo simulations