bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The mediating role of resilience and perceived stress in the relationship between childhood traumas and depression in young adults
Authors: Ciydem Emre , Ozturk Erdinc , Usta Osman , Derin Gorkem
Published: August 2023

It is still unclear whether childhood traumas cause depression by first decreasing the individual's resilience and impairing stress perception or by first increasing the individual's stress perception and impairing resilience. The aim of this study is to investigate the mediating role of resilience and perceived stress in the relationship between childhood trauma and depression in young adults. The convenience sample of the cross-sectional correlational study consisted of 481 young adults with at least one childhood trauma. The data was analysed with structural equation modeling. Childhood traumas may increase perceived stress level by decreasing resilience and both of them may lead to depressive symptoms. At the same time, it has been found that childhood traumas may decrease resilience by increasing the perceived stress level and both may lead to depressive symptoms. The childhood traumas-resilience-perceived stress-depression pathway and childhood traumas-perceived stress-resilience-depression pathway were found to be significant.
NORMALNO STANJE U JELOVIM I SMRČEVIM PREBORNIM ŠUMAMA
Authors: Matić Vasilije
Published: August 2023

Za utvrđivanje smjernica rada u oblasti uže šumske proizvodnje kod prebornog gospodarenja i za njihovo provođenje u život neophodno je potrebno poznavanje normalnog stanja. Sve dok se to pitanje ne riješi, naša uređaj na praksa neće imati čvrsto uporište za rad na unapređenju proizvodnje i na njenom orijentisanju u onome smjeru, koje će biti u skladu sa odabranim razvojnim pravcem Šumske privrede (uzevši je u cjelini) a ni dokumentovan izbor ovog smjera.

Pitanje normalnog stanja postavlja se iz dana u. dan u sve oštrijoj formi. Dok smo raspolagali velikim zalihama drveta po ha, mnogo većim nego što se računalo da treba da ih bude, njegovo tretiranje se moglo odlagati, jer smo bili sigurni da se zalihe moraju snižavati i da su isključene veće pogreške. Zalihe su, međutim, brzo opadale iz godine u godinu i danas je već relativno velik procenat jelovih i smrčevih šuma kod kojih su one pale ispod 200 m3 po ha. Opravdana je bojazan da su one preniskopale i da će zbog toga nastupiti u najbližoj budućnosti velike štete za čitavu šumsku privredu.
PRIVREMENE SORTIMENTNE TABLICE DUBEĆIH STABALA JELE I SMRČE
Authors: Vukmirović Vladimir , Stojadinović Đorđe
Published: August 2023

Poznavanje zapremine sastojina i sječivih. masa po sortimentima od velike je važnosti za potrebe prakse raznih Šumarskih disciplina. Tako kod obnove i gajenja šuma, uređivanja šuma, šumske ekonomike, iskorišćavanja šuma, otvaranja šumskog područja i uopšte kod planiranja šumske proizvodnje potrebno je poznavanje zapremnine sastojina i sječivih masa a ne samo; po bruto masi već i po sortimentima.

Naši uređajni elaborati ne daju, međutim, podatke o tome koji se sve sortimenti količinski mogu iz predviđene sječive mase izraditi, nego daju zapremine i sječive mase pojedinih sastojiina, izražene u bruto masi, odvojene samo na tehničko i ogrevno drvo. To je najveći nedostatak naših uređajmih elaborata.
ZIMSKA TRANSPIRACIJA SMRČE NA IGMANU
Authors: Gligić Vojin
Published: August 2023

Istraživanja koja je izvršio L. Ivanov pokazala su da intenzitet zimske transpiracije pojedinih vrsta drveća stoji u obrnutom odnosu sa njihovom sposobnošću raspi’ostiranja na sever. Čitav niz merenja pomenutog autora potvrdio je, uz malo izuzetaka, da različite vrste istog roda, ili različitih rodova, transpirišu zimi, uglavnom, utoliko jače ukoliko im je rasprostranjen je južnije. U vezi Maksimovljeve pretpostavke o uzrocima otpornosti biljaka prema mrazu, taj odnos između intenziteta zimske transpiracije i širinskog rasprostranjenja neke vrste izraz je manje ili veće sposobnosti protoplazme da zadržava vodu, što biljku čini u manjem ili većem stepenu otpornom prema smrzavanju, od čega zavisi severna granica njenog areala. U okviru istraživanja fizioloških osobina glavnih vrsta drveća na Igmanu vršio sam krajem januara 1955 i 1956 godine merenja zimske transpiracije belog bora, jele, smrče, bukve i javora u nekoliko serija.
PRIRAST I OBLIK STABLA PANČIČEVE OMORIKE NA NJENOM PRIRODNOM STANIŠTU
Authors: Stojanović Ostoja
Published: August 2023

U teoriji i praksi šumarstva poznavanje veličine i zakonomernosti kretanja zapremine i prirasta drvne mase i njenih elemenata od naročite je važnosti. To se ogleda u velikom broju naučnih i stručnih radova o tim pitanjima u kojima se obrađuju pojedine vrste drveća zavisno od njihovog šumsko-privrednog, odnosno naučnog značaja. Izuzetak od ovog pravila čini Pančićeva omorika, čiji je šumsko-privredni značaj mali, ali je prema interesu koji postoji za nju u naučnom svetu, njen naučni značaj prilično velik.Pančićeva omorika je od svog otkrića stalno privlačila pažnju naučne javnosti, kako naše tako i inostrane (više inostrane nego naše), što se ogleda u nekoliko stotina manjih ili većih radova koji se njom bave. (Čolić (1) navodi da ih je do 1953 godine bilo 475). Međutim ipak je mali, upravo neznatan, broj onih radova koji obrađuju taksacione elemente bilo stabla bilo sastojine Pančićeve omorike na osnovu kojih bi se moglo potpunije zaključivati o njenoj proizvodnosti, te u tom smislu o većoj ili manjoj vrednosti omorike u odnosu na ostale vrste četinarskog drveća, koje imaju veliki šumsko-privredni značaj (smrča, jela i dr.).
EVROPSKI ARIŠ (Larix decidua Mill.) U KULTURI BOGUŠEVAC NA TREBEVIĆU KOD SARAJEVA
Authors: Pintarić Konrad
Published: August 2023

U Bosni i Hercegovini se do danas poklanjalo malo pažnje unašanju stranih vrsta drveća koje se odlikuju brzim rastom i kvalitetom. Ukoliko je u tom pogledu nešto i urađeno, to nije rezultat unaprijed postavljenog plana već posljedica ličnih sklonosti pojedinih šumarskih stručnjaka. Prilikom pošumljavanja golih površina, od stranih vrsta drveća najviše je zastupljen evropski ariš. Jedna od malog broja površina u kojoj je zastupljen i evropski ariš, nalazi se na Trebeviću kod Sarajeva u kulturi Boguševac.Kultura je podignuta u periodu 1895—1897 godine sadnjom sadnica evropskog ariša, bijelog i crnog bora. Ove vrste drveća nalaze se u grupimičnoj, djelomično u stablimičnoj smjesi.Porijeklo sjemena je nepoznato ali kako je kultura podignuta za vrijeme okupacije Bosne i Hercegovine od strane bivše Austro-ugarske monarhije, sjeme je najvjerovatnije nabavljeno iz Beča, od preduzeća koja su se bavila prodajom sjemena šumskog drveća. Sjeme evropskog ariša najvjerovatnije potiče iz istočnog Tirola.U pomenutoj kulturi izdvojena je površina od 1,06 ha, te su izvršena taksaciona mjerenja svih stabala ariša, crnog i bijelog bora i izvršena upoređenja između zastupljenih vrsta.
IZRAČUNAVANJE ZAPREMINE OBORENOG STABLA
Authors: Popović Božo
Published: August 2023

Autor dokazuje važnost Gauss-Simonijeve formule: , bez obzira na to kakav je oblik stabla. Za izračunavanje zapremine stabla je najprostija formula:  gde je h dužina stabla, a g1 i g2 su površine krajnjih preseka stabla. Samo malo je komplikovanija, a mnogo pouzdanija, Gauss-Simonijeva formula.
O određivanju vrijednosti odnosno cijena glavnog proizvoda šumarstva
Authors: Đapić Drago
Published: August 2023

Ekonomska problematika šumarstva je specifična i komplikovanija od problematike u drugim granama privrede s obzirom na dugogodišnji ciklus proizvodnje, koji u ovoj grani obično prelazi ljudski vijek. Zbog toga u ekonomici šumarstva ima veliki broj nerasvijetljenih pitanja; mnoga se od njih ne mogu riješiti u praksi na jednostavan način, običnom primjenom teoretskih postavki, kao što je to slučaj u drugim privrednim granama. Jedno od najvažnijih pitanja, kako za teoriju tako i za praksu, jeste pitanje određivanja cijena glavnih šumskih proizvoda na teoretski ispravan, a praktično najpodesniji način. Rješavanje ovog pitanja otežava u prvom redu dugogodišnji ciklus proizvodnje šumarstva, odnosno što oni koji sudjeluju u proizvodnji ne dobiju iste godine gotov proizvod, nego se rezultat rada kao gotov (zreo) proizvod pojavljuje tek nakon izvjesnog broja godina. Osim toga, to ustanovljivanje cijena šumskih proizvoda komplikuje se i time što su one isprepletene sa rentovnim elementima. Ovdje će se, uglavnom, proučavati problem stvaranja i određivanja vrijednosti, odnosno cijena drveta kao glavnog proizvoda šumarstva, i to cijena u vrijeme kada je drvo u šumi zrelo za sječu, odnosno za iskorišćavanje. Određivanje cijena drveta u šumi u vrijeme zrelosti za sječu važno je bez obzira kakvu funkciju u proizvodnji (ekonomski promatrano) pridajemo takvom zrelom drvetu u šumi. Naime, jedni to zrelo drvo u šumi smatraju dovršenim (gotovim) proizvodom uzgojnog šumarstva kao samostalne grane privredne djelatnosti. Time ga ujedno smatraju i sirovinom (gdje je već uključen ljudski rad) za drugu granu djelatnosti — eksploataciju šuma. Prema ovom shvatanju, takvo drvo ima svoju vrijednost, a svakako time i cijenu. Drugi opet smatraju da tek sa iskorišćavanjem šuma počinje zapravo proizvodnja drvnih proizvoda, a da su šume (šumske sastojine) proizvod same prirode, tj. da drvo u šumi nastaje bez ulaganja ljudskog rada. Za cijene drveta u šumi na naniu koie se pojavljuju u današnjim uslovima smatraju da dolaze uslijed drugih okolnosti, a ne po uloženom radu u šumarstvu; oni smatraju da te cijene sadržavaju u sebi »lažnu socijalnu vrijednost«. Dakle, po postojećim shvatanjima drvo u šumi na panju ima u sadašnjim uslovima cijenu bez obzira uslijed čega ta cijena nastaje.
Nalazište maljave breze (Betula pubescens ehrh.) U podnožju planine Romanije kod Mokrog
Authors: Stefanović Vitomir
Published: August 2023

Posto je I. Pevalek (8,9) našao maljavu brezu (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) u Hrvatskoj kod Blatuše, moglo se pretpostaviti da ce postojati pojedini lokaliteti, odnosno prelazi areala ove vrste iz Južnih Alpa, Karpata i Vlasine u Srbiji, koje je svojevremeno opisao J.Pančić (7). I zaista, kasniji nalazi N. Košanina(6)i B. Jovanovića(5) u Srbiji, J. Rohlene (11) u Crnoj Gori, B. Zlatarića (17) u Hrvatskoj potvrdili su da se ovaj disjunktni areal maljave breze pojavljuje u vidu manjih izolovanih otoka na širem podrucju nase zemlje. To je u skladu sa samim karakterom ove vrste kao glacijalnog relikta i flornogenetskim odnosima tresetišta, za koje je, kao staništa, pretežno vezana maljava breza. Interesantno je, medutim, napomenuti u vezi sa izloženim da su neki autori i prije nego što su otkrivena danas poznata nalazišta maljave breze njoj pridavali znatno širi areal nego sto je on bio dotada poznat. Pa ipak, i pored uvjerenja i pretpostavke nekih autora da je maljava breza kod nas šire rasprostranjena, na primjer K. Bertsch-a (2), koji je obuhvatio njen areal za jedan dio Balkanskog poluostrva i nase zemlje, ili B. Zlatarića (17), koji je na osnovu dotadanjih nalaza maljave breze predviđao »da će se nalazi ove vrste kod nas umnožiti«, sve do 1957. godine nije bilo sigurno da li je maljava breza raširena i na području Bosne i Hercegovine. Kad su posljednjih nekoliko godina otkrivena nalazišta maljave breze na Romaniji planini, kod Sokoca, na Brezjaku P. Fukarek,(4) i kod Han-Krama V. Stefanović (12), zatim nalazišta na Konjuh planini i na Podrašničkom polju kod Mrkonjic-Grada, koje je otkrila H. Riter Studnicka (10), sasvim je postalo sigurno da je ovaj glacijalni relikt kod nas šire rasprostranjen. Najnovije otkriveno nalazište maljave breze na Triješnju, kod Mokrog, ispod glavnog grebena Romanije planine, koje je geografski veoma blisko sa prva dva otkrivena nalazišta u Bosni, još jednom potvrđuje naprijed iznijete konstatacije.
Tipovi tla Duvanjskog Polja (prilog geografiji zemljišta jugoslavije)
Authors: Popović Božo
Published: August 2023

Naša kraška polja predstavljaju izolovane geografske cjeline sa specifičnim geomorfološkim, petrografskim, hidrološkim i klimatskim karakteristikama. Sve to čini da su i pedološke prilike u njima vrlo složene. Pedološko proučavanje kraških polja ima stoga značaja ne samo kao prilog genezi i geografiji zemljišta uopšte, već i zbog toga što su mnoga od ovih polja objekti na kojima je aktuelno podizanje plantaža ili intenzivnih kultura šumskog drveća. Duvanjsko polje je kraško polje na 860-880 m nadmorske visine. Ono je dosta nepravilnog oblika, te ga Cvijić (2) ističe kao predstavnika grupe kraških polja nepravilnog oblika. Polje biva samo djelimično periodički plavljeno. Otprilike centralni dio polja predstavlja najnižu depresiju, u kojoj su poplavne vode najčešće i najduže se zadržavaju. Kroz polje protiče rijeka Šuica, koja ponire u zapadnom dijelu polja kod sela Kovači. Sa južne strane teče njezina pritoka Drina, koja presuši u ljetnom periodu, a ulijeva se u Šuicu u centralnom dijelu polja. Obe rijeke mijenjaju povremeno svoj tok, te je to imalo i posljedica za reljef polja. Mjestimično se poljem javljaju blago uzvišeni grebeni i platoi sa visinskom razlikom od 0,5 do 3-4 m, što ima uticaj na dubinu zemljišnog pokrivača. Polje nije ograničeno strmim obroncima, već se na obodnu dijelu javljaju terase, koje Cvijić (2) opisuje posebno uz Livanjsko polje. One se naročito ističu na sjeverozapadnom i jugozapadnom dijelu polja. Terenska pedološka istraživanja su izvršena u ljetnoj sezoni 1955. godine, a laboratorijski i ostali radovi u toku 1956. godine.
О narodnim imenima vrste Quercus macedonica a. Dc.
Authors: Jovančević Milorad
Published: August 2023

Poznavanje narodnih imena šumskih vrsta, njihov pravilan izbor i upotreba u stručnoj literaturi veliki je problem, koji se mora početi rješavati. Na tome nije do sada mnogo rađeno. Cak i pitanje imena najvažnijih vrsta našeg šumskog drveća nije do sada dovoljno raščišćeno. Tu spadaju i imena svih naših hrastova. S tim u vezi pokušaćemo da ovom prilikom bolje osvijetlimo pitanje narodnih imena našeg najstarijeg reliktnog hrasta Quercus macedonica A. DC., koji je u tom pogledu najmanje proučen i opisan.
Šumska vegetacija na verfenskim pješčarima i glincima istočne i jugoistočne Bosne
Authors: Stefanović Vitomir
Published: August 2023

Šumska vegetacija na verfenskim sedimentima bila je predmet koordiniranih fitocenološko-pedoloških istraživanja 1960. i 1961. godine kao tema Odjeljenja za šumska staništa Instituta za šumarstvo Šumarskog fakulteta u Sarajevu. Temu je finansirao Republički savjet za naučni rad SR Bosne i Hercegovine. Poslije završenih terenskih radova i prve sinteze obilnog analitičkog materijala dat je izvještaj 1962. godine — Stefanović V. i Popović B. (38). U ovom izvještaju, koji je u cjelini i publikovan kao prethodno saopštenje, autori su prikazali samo osnovne karakteristike vegetacije i zemljišta na verfenu, jer je obrada materijala bila tada još u toku*). Međutim, poslije završenih svih radova moguće je sad prikazati sasvim detaljno kako šumsku vegetaciju, tako i tipove zemljišta unutar naprijed definisanih osnovnih vegetacijskih jedinica. Vjerovatno je da bi cjelovito prikazivanje vegetacijskih i pedoloških rezultata zajedničkom interpretacijom za svaku izdvojenu vegetacijsku jedinicu ili bolje reći za ocrtavanje karakteristika svakog šumskog staništa ponaosob — bilo cjelishodnije. Što ovo nije učinjeno, razlog je u obilju materijala, naročito u numeričkim pokazateljima, koji su se morali prikazati tabelarno. Zato su se autori sporazumjeli da je svrsishodnije dati prikaz u istoj publikaciji odvojeno za zemljište, a odvojeno za vegetaciju. Koordiniranost u vegetacijsko-pedološkim istraživanjima nije na taj način umanjena, jer su tipovi zemljišta dati u okvirima zajednički definisanih vegetacijskih jedinica — osnovnih tipova šuma. Isto tako, pri opisu i razradi navedenih vegetacijskih jedinica i karakterisanju njihovih stanišnih uslova oslonac su bili rezultati pedoloških istraživanja. Kao što je to i u prethodnom saopštenju— Stefanović V. i Popović B. (38) naročito istaknuto, zadatak i cilj ovih istraživanja je bio da se, koliko je to moguće, dadne odgovor na nekoliko važnijih pitanja u vezi sa vegetacijom, zemljištima, karakterom staništa ovih šuma na verfenskim pješčarima i glincima.
Uloga primjene stimulatora na skraćivanje utroška vremena rada pri smolarenju 1/2 bark chipping metodom
Authors: Bojanin Stevan
Published: August 2023

Sav rad na dobivanju smole iz živih borovih stabala vrši se ljudskom radnom snagom. Zbog toga je proizvodnost rada niska, a troškovi proizvodnje visoki. Prema Kalnjinšu (14), u SSSR-u od pune cijene koštanja smole, 60 do 70% otpada na plaće radnika. Stoga se nastoji da se radovi kod smolarenja učine lakšim te da se poveća proizvodnost rada, tj. da se uz manji uloženi rad dobije veća količina smole. Tako se prema Kalnjinšu (14) u SSSR-u pokušava mehanizirati rad na orumenjavanju stabala. U tu se svrhu vrše pokusi na konstruiranju motornog aparata za orumenjavanje na bazi motorne pile »Družba«. U SAD je konstruiran aparat za zarezivanje na motorni pogon »Power Chipper«, koji radnik nosi na leđima (Bennett, 5), ali ovaj aparat zasada nema širu primjenu. Međutim primjena stimulatora, pomoću kojih se produžuje vrijeme isticanja smole nakon zarezivanja bjeljenica, našla je praktičnu upotrebu kod industrijskog smolarenja.
Pregled faune tla Igmana
Authors: Živadinović Jelena
Published: August 2023

Na planini Igman vršena su ispitivanja mezofaune tla tokom nekoliko godina, tako da su zemljišne probe uzimane sa šesnaest lokaliteta. Da bi se mogle obuhvatiti sve vrste, odnosno i one vrste čiji se životni ciklusi odvijaju u razna doba godine, sa svakog lokaliteta uzimane su probe nekoliko puta godišnje. Probe su na većini lokaliteta uzimane, po pravilu jednom mesečno, kako bi se mogla pratiti dinamika životinjskih populacija, poglavito Collembola, tokom godine.
Taksacione osnove za gazdovanje šumama bijelog bora u Bosni
Authors: Stojanović Ostoja
Published: August 2023

Čiste sastojine bijelog bora ili mješovite sastojine bijelog bora i drugih vrsta drveća prirodno su rasprostranjene na velikom području SRBiH i imaju znatan privredni značaj za našu Republiku. Prema procjeni Preduzeća za uređivanje šuma »Šumaplan« u Sarajevu (bivši Zavod za uređivanje šuma NR BiH), u šumama opštenarodne imovine na području SRBiH (u stvari na užem području Bosne) ima oko 3,300.000 m3 drveta (mase krupnog drveta) bijelog bora, dok ga u privatnim i zadružnim šumama (na istom području) ima oko 450.000 m3. Šumsko privredni značaj bijelog bora ne ogleda se samo u prostranstvu njegova areala. On se ogleda i u pionirskoj ulozi bijelog bora pri pošumljavanju požarišta i pašnjaka, a naročito u tome što se sa ovom vrstom, kao vrstom drveća brzog rasta, računa u našim novim stremljenjima u vezi sa skraćivanjem produkcionog perioda, sa povećanjem prinosa naših šuma, pri melioraciji degradiranih šuma na znatnim površinama itd.
Kompleksno proučavanje ekonomike proizvodnje i finansijske situacije šumsko-privrednih organizacija
Authors: Đapić Drago
Published: August 2023

Šumsko-privredne organizacije su tek u novije doba dobile karakter preduzeća, pa je istraživanje ekonomskih zakonitosti u ovoj oblasti bilo do sada zapostavljeno, Vrlo malo je radjeno na ovim problemima. Postoje neki izolirani pokušaji koji nisu kompleksno obradili pomenuta pitanja. Bilo je potrebno početi sistematsko istraživanje, da bi se mogli dobiti rezultati šireg značaja. Tek zadnjih mjeseci 1963. godine započeti su i izvršeni pripremni radovi za sistematičnija istraživanja u okviru ove tematike. Za iznalaženje sigurnijih zaključaka bila bi potrebna dugoročnija istraživanja, jer se samo u dužem promatranju mogu uočiti odredjene ekonomske zakonitosti naročito u oblasti šumarstva, čiji se veliki dio proizvodnje odigrava u okviru dugogodišnjeg ciklusa. Istraživanje je vršeno u 1964. i 1965. godini na temelju podataka završenih proizvodnja prethodnih godina.
Organizacija šumarske službe u bih za vrijeme Otomanske i Austrougarske vladavine
Authors: Vučjak Sreten
Published: August 2023

Do danas su se u oblasti šumske privrede u Bosni i Hercegovini uvodili, mijenjali i ukidali brojni sistemi organizacije šumarske službe. Svaki od njih je ostavljao pozitivan ili negativan trag na organizmu šume.

        

Značaj i uloga šumarstva u Bosni i Hercegovini i mjesto i uloga organizacije u njezinom pravilnom radu i razvoju podstakli su nas da se i sami odlučimo da damo svoj mali doprinos unutar velike oblasti naučnog istraživanja organizacije u šumarstvu. Kada nam je i dr Kopčić, profesor Šumarskog fakulteta u Sarajevu, dao podršku u stavu da bi obrada organizacije šumarske službe u Bosni i Hercegovini bila korisna i za nauku i za praksu, pristupili smo radu na navedenoj problematici.

Prilikom obrade razvoja šumske privrede i njezine organizacije u Bosni i Hercegovini, pomoć i savjete dao nam je B. Begović, profesor Šumarskog fakulteta u Sarajevu.
Dinamika rastenja i prirašćivanja bukve, jele i smrče u najvažnijim tipovima bukovo-jelovih šuma na Igmanu
Authors: Drinić Petar
Published: August 2023

U cilju proučavanja dinamike rastenja i prirašćivanja glavnih vrsta drveća u šumama Igmana bukve, jele i smrče, u zavisnosti od uslova staništa i primjenjivanih sistema gospodarenja, postavljeno je deset stalnih oglednih površina, od kojih se pet nalazi u šumama bukve i jele sa smrčom, a pet u šumama jele i smrče. Cilj postavljanja stalnih oglednih površina bio je, takodje, izgradnja trajnih naučnih objekata i korišćenje naučnih rezultata do kojih se na njima dolazi, za potrebe nastave Šumarskog fakulteta u Sarajevu i ostalih škola koje obrazuju kadrove za potrebe šumarske struke. U ovom radu biće izneseni rezultati istraživanja do kojih se došlo na prvih pet stalnih oglednih površina u šumama bukve i jele sa smrčom, na osnovu dva uzastopna mjerenja, u razmaku od deset godina.
Korišćenje tipološke klasifikacije pri planiranju gazdovanja šumama
Authors: Jović Dušan , Milojković Dragomir , Milin Živojin , Tomanić Lazar
Published: August 2023

Nesumnjivo je da tipološka klasifikacija predstavlja danas najpogodnije sredstvo za diferenciranje šume prema ekološkim proizvodnim i drugim karakteristikama, kao i prihvatljivu osnovu za savremen pristup planiranju gazdovanja šumama. Pri tom ne treba gubiti iz vida da je tipološka klasifikacija u prvom redu proizvodna podela šume, da je u cilju što uspješnijeg ostvarenja tog operativnog zadatka nastala i razvijala se, kao i da u tom pravcu treba da bude usmeren i njen osnovni razvoj.

Medjutim, zahvaljujući ekološkoj homogenosti osnovnih klasifikacionih jedinica i mogućnošću njihovog različitog grupisanja (u zavisnosti od neposredne svrhe korišćenja), tipološka klasifikacija se karakteriše i relativnom univerzalnošću. Na primer, tipove šuma podjednakih proizvodnih karakteristika mogućno je grupisati u jednu celinu, za koju će se planirati jedinstven gazdinski tretman; za potrebe planiranja lovnog gazdovanja tipovi šuma, koji se karakterišu podjednakim potencijalnim uslovima za život divljači, grupišu se u "tipove lovnih površina" i dalje služe kao osnova za bonitiranje lovišta (Jović D., 1969.); kao homogene ekološke celine, tipovi šuma se karakterišu i odredjenim mikroklimatskim i brojnim drugim specifičnim karakteristikama, pa ih je i na toj osnovi mogućno grupisati i koristiti pri planiranju gazdovanja i prostornog uredjenja park-šuma, izletišta i sl.
Zavisnost vrijednosti prinosa i zapreminskog prirasta jelove preborne sastojine od njene debljinske strukture
Authors: Matić Vasilije
Published: August 2023

Godišnji zapreminski prirast preborne sastojine je, kako je poznato, jednak njenom prinosu po količini ako se sastojina nalazi u stanju uravnoteženosti i ako se to stanje održava.* Ali se oni medjusobno mnogo razlikuju, s obzirom na debljinsku strukturu: procentualni udio tankih debljinskih klasa u zapreminskom prirastu je mnogo veći od takvog njihovog udjela u prinosu, a procentualni udio debelih klasa je mnogo manji. Procentualni udio srednjih debljinskih klasa je u zapreminskom prirastu i prinosu podjednak.

Dalje, postoji sasvim odredjen odnos izmedju debljinske strukture zapreminskog prirasta sastojine i debljinske strukture njene zalihe, kao i izmedju debljinske strukture prinosa sastojine i debljinske strukture njene zalihe: što je procentualni udio tankih (debelih) debljinskih klasa u zalihi preborne sastojine veći, to je i veći procentualni udio tih klasa u njenom zapreminskom prirastu i u njenom prinosu.
Varijabilnost debljinskog prirasta važnijih vrsta drveća
Authors: Mirković Dragoljub
Published: August 2023

Varijabilnost debljinskog prirasta istraživana je kod hrasta kitnjaka, borova (belog i crnog), jele, smrče i bukve. Podaci za hrast i borove potiču sa stalnih oglednih površina u Srbiji, dok podaci za jelu, smrču i bukvu potiču iz redovnih radova na uredjivanju šuma (područje Rožaja u Crnoj Gori). S obzirom da su na oglednim površinama vršeni periodični premeri, to je za hrast i borove bilo moguće istraživati varijabilnost debljinskog prirasta u toku tri nejednako duga perioda, dok je za ostale vrste to uradjeno samo za jedan desetogodišnji period. U hrastovim oglednim površinama odredjivan je i koeficijent linearne korelacije izmedju debljinskog prirasta i prečnika. Veličine debljinskog prirasta pojedinih stabala razvrstavane su u odnosu na prečnik na kraju perioda.
Unilateral Oculomotor Nerve Palsy as a Rare Manifestation of Isolated Pre-Communicating Segment of Posterior Cerebral Artery Thrombosis
Authors: Seraj Farid Qoorchi Moheb , Najafi Sajjad , Pahlavan Hashem , Organji Hossein , Baharvahdat Humain
Published: August 2023

Ipsilateral mydriasis (IM) is usually not acute. However, the acute occurrence of unilateral dilated pupil may result in acute ischemic stroke. Herein, we present 3 patients with IM, lateral eye deviation, ptosis, and contralateral hemiparesis due to isolated occlusion of the pre-communicating segment of the posterior cerebral artery with preservation of the posterior communicating artery, which was successfully treated by emergent mechanical thrombectomy. In a 3-month follow-up, all patients were independent without any neurological deficits.
Study on Influencing Factors of Pre-service English Teachers’ Beliefs based on NVivo 12
Authors: Ou Yanyan
Published: August 2023

Teacher belief is the internal driving force of teacher professional development, which has been paid more and more attention by scholars at home and abroad. Based on grounded theory, this study used NVivo 12 software to conduct qualitative analysis of 28 relevant literatures. It is found that there are many factors affecting the beliefs of pre-service English teachers, and there are hierarchical relationships in these factors. Personal backgrounds are the internal factors that affect the beliefs of pre-service English teachers, while family, society and school are the external factors. The internal and external factors are interrelated. Among them, personal experience in personal backgrounds and school environment, educational practice and course learning in school factors belong to the core factors, and the rest are sub-core factors. The results of this study can lay a foundation for future research on the influencing factors of pre-service English teachers’ beliefs. At the same time, based on the analysis results and findings, this study also puts forward relevant suggestions, in order to provide references for constructing a systematic and scientific belief system and improving the professional development level for pre-service English teachers.
Research on the Impact of Digital Economy Empowerment on Urban Modernization in the Yellow River Basin
Authors: Qi Lei , Wang Hao , Zhou Zejiong
Published: August 2023

With the rapid development of information technology, the digital economy, as an important engine of the global economy, is profoundly reshaping the path of urban modernization. This paper will take the Yellow River Basin as a case study, focusing on exploring how the digital economy can empower urban modernization development. How the empowerment of the digital economy affects all aspects of cities directly and indirectly. As one of the key driving forces for global economic development today, the digital economy has promoted industrial upgrading and innovation, injecting new vitality into the urban economy. At the same time, the widespread application of digital technology has greatly improved the ecological environment quality and social governance level of cities. This paper provides useful insights and suggestions for the process of urban modernization through in-depth research on the impact of digital economy empowerment on urban modernization in the Yellow River Basin.
Differences in Chinese Women's Understanding of Feminism: The Influence of Socioeconomic Status, Family and Education (Take Henan Province as an Example)
Authors: Lou Mingxin
Published: August 2023

Although gender equality is a fundamental policy in China. However, gender inequality is still prevalent in daily life and work where women always suffer from gender discrimination. With the rapid development of the Internet in recent years, the issue of gender inequality has received more attention and has been more widely discussed. In order to safeguard the equal rights of Chinese women, feminists have consciously made their voices heard through the Internet and other channels. However, due to the fact that Chinese women's individual life circumstances are clearly differentiated and differently influenced by their own socio-economic status, family environment and education, it is necessary to understand the extent of Chinese women's recognition of feminism. This study will target women in H province and collect data through online questionnaires and interviews, including socioeconomic status, family background, education level, and understanding of feminism. This article uses a Likert scale for the research, Chi-square test, t-test and multiple regression analysis to analyze the quantitative data to determine the influence of SES, family and education on feminist awareness awakening among women in H region. As the third largest province in China in terms of resident population and the largest province in terms of household registration, the development potential of women in H region is evident to all. This study will systematically investigate H region women in H region understanding of feminism and explore the factors that influence Chinese women to have different levels of recognition of feminism, which can help unite women in their struggle to protect women's common rights. The study will improve our understanding of women's affirmative action and suggest more effective guidelines for women's affirmative action strategies.
The Manifestation and Solution of Time Dilemma of Teachers of Ideological and Political Theory Courses in Colleges
Authors: Zhang Weiwei
Published: August 2023

Ideological and political education activities are promoted in a certain period of time. The teachers of ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities are also in a certain period of time and are subject to time constraints. Due to the contradictions between the delay of value revelation and the unilinearity of natural time, conflicts between the regularity of institutional time and the rheology of life time, and incompatibility between the idleness of virtual time and the tightness of classroom time, ideological and political theory teachers are currently stuck in a certain time dilemma, which is mainly manifested in: Teachers of ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities have a low sense of short-term gain, and the pressure of ideological and political education time preemption increases sharply, and the countdown of institutional time increases the pressure. In order to help ideological and political theory teachers to face the time dilemma, it is necessary to improve the time quality of ideological and political theory teachers, perfect the evaluation system of ideological and political education, put ideological and political education on life time.
Starting from a Cottage, One Will Succeed in Ten Thousand Bones, Pleading Guilty to the Thorn, Huigen has Already Repaired the Golden Body
Authors: Cui Yining , Liu Ruoting , Zhang Xiaoxin
Published: August 2023

In recent years, financial fraud incidents in the capital market have occurred frequently. Among them, not only the "Shuangkang incident" that caused a sensation in the Chinese capital market, but also the counterfeiting incident of Ruixing Coffee, a Chinese concept stock that caused a sensation in the US capital market. While the fraudulent amount of 2.2 billion yuan exploded, it also sounded the alarm for all listed companies. In the face of major risks and setbacks, and facing a market that is also full of uncertainties, Ruixing quickly took the blame, adjusted its strategy and recharged, and bottomed out after going through the trough. For this reason, this article conducts an in-depth analysis and research on the case of Ruixing’s financial fraud after bottoming out, and analyzes Ruixing’s defects in handling financial issues from the aspects of financial compliance, financial management, strategic accounting, and corporate governance. Provide corresponding reference and reference for other listed companies in my country in dealing with financial aspects. This article first analyzes the status of Ruixing Company and the case study of financial fraud to provide a background basis for the following analysis, and then analyzes the internal reasons of the company and the external environmental factors of the overseas market that caused Ruixing’s financial fraud from the perspective of financial compliance, and finally combines the above reasons Carry out corresponding suggestions and countermeasures for financial compliance in the process of overseas listing of Chinese companies; then from the perspective of financial management, combine financial management theory with Ruixing's solution to bottoming out and rebound, and finally come up with relevant responses from regulatory agencies, creditor's rights, and shareholders Measures; From the perspective of strategic management accounting, first compare with Starbucks’ five-force model, and draw the corresponding measures taken by Ruixing in terms of market analysis and departmental cooperation; Deal with the demands of internal contention, and then provide corresponding policy recommendations from four aspects.
Legal Regulation Research on Internet Platform Blocking Behavior
Authors: Wang Jiale
Published: August 2023

With the rapid expansion of internet platforms in recent years and the escalating fierce competition among major players, the prevalence of mutual blocking behaviors between platforms has increased. Some super internet platforms' actions of blocking API interfaces and links of other platforms violate the core principle of "interconnectivity" on the internet. Such behavior damages market competition, impacts the user experience of a vast number of users, and raises concerns about monopolistic practices. However, traditional approaches to determining market dominance and related market elements have shown inadequacies. To address these issues, this paper proposes the introduction of the "essential facilities" and "gatekeeper" principles, combining specific case analyses of platform blocking behaviors. This approach aims to ensure that internet platforms adhere to fair competition principles, maintain market competition order, and safeguard user rights.
Practice and Exploration of the English Teaching Model of "Promoting Teaching through Competition and Integrating Competition and Curriculum" in County Vocational Schools
Authors: Liu Yingxia
Published: August 2023

Exploring and verifying the English teaching model of "promoting teaching through competitions and integrating courses" in county-level vocational schools is an effective way to promote the continuous updating of English teaching in China. This article mainly discusses the characteristics of the English teaching model of "integration of competition and curriculum", the current situation of vocational English education in counties, and the practical exploration path of the English teaching model of integration of competition and curriculum. By analyzing the current situation and existing problems of English education in vocational schools, this article believes that adopting an English teaching model that integrates competition and curriculum can help vocational schools better cultivate skilled talents and improve students' competitiveness in the workplace. At the same time, this article explores how teachers and students should transform their teaching concepts and learning attitudes, innovate teaching models and evaluation methods, position their career direction, and improve their overall quality in practice. I hope that the ideas and methods described in this article can provide some reference for the reform and development of vocational English education.
Evaluation and Teaching Suggestions of the Communicative Language Teaching
Authors: Li Yanyu
Published: August 2023

Since the Communicative Language Teaching which takes the communicative competence as its main goal was brought into China in the late 1970s, lots of English teachers and scholars have applied CLT in middle schools and colleges. However, the teaching effectiveness of CLT has not been fully brought into play in China. This thesis firstly explains the practical significance of the implementation of CLT in English teaching in China. Then, it analyzes the drawbacks of CLT in English teaching in China. Finally, it points out teaching suggestions for the further implementation of CLT in China to facilitate its teaching effectiveness.
Analysis and Prospect of Key Technology Applications in Unmanned Smart Farms
Authors: Gao Jian
Published: August 2023

Due to the large agricultural population and limited arable land area, China's agriculture has always been based on small farms. However, with the gradual intensification of population aging and the advancement of urbanization, the agricultural labor force is now decreasing. In the future, China's food security will face the challenges of "who will cultivate land" and "how to cultivate land". One of the implementation paths to solve this problem is unmanned farm technology. This article systematically elaborates on the concept and technical architecture of unmanned farms, as well as key technologies such as infrastructure, operating equipment, data monitoring systems, and control service platforms, through the technical practice of unmanned farms in Jiading District, Shanghai. It deeply explores the development of unmanned farms and has certain guiding significance for the development of unmanned farms.
Analysis of Water Resource Supply and Demand Balance in High Standard Farmland Construction Projects
Authors: Qu Nan
Published: August 2023

High standard farmland construction is an important measure to develop modern agriculture, increase grain production, and promote farmers' income growth in the context of rural revitalization. Based on the overview of water resources in the project area, crop planting structure, irrigation system, and quota, a detailed analysis is conducted on the available water supply and demand for irrigation, to explore whether the regional water resources can fully meet the needs of efficient and water-saving irrigation. The research results can provide detailed data support for project planning and construction, as well as reference for water resource balance analysis of similar projects in mountainous areas.
Reflection on the Implementation of the Third National Soil Census
Authors: Sun Kehong
Published: August 2023

This year is the first year for the comprehensive implementation of the third national census work. More than half of the counties and cities in the country will carry out census work, and the census work is facing severe challenges of "more or less, one higher and one lower". In order to complete the census task with high quality and level, technology should be taken as the support, and the soil census work should be planned and designed in a coordinated manner. Key tasks such as sample verification, field survey and sampling, indoor testing and analysis, data review, and result summary should be completed, and the entire process quality control should be strengthened. The summary of basic and application results should be done well to ensure that the results of this census serve the long-term development of agriculture and rural economy with high quality in the future.
The Role of High Standard Farmland Construction in Ecological Restoration
Authors: Wang Zhigang
Published: August 2023

High standard farmland construction is an important agricultural development strategy promoted by the current Chinese government, aimed at improving agricultural production efficiency and quality, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. However, the impact of high standard farmland construction on the local ecological environment cannot be ignored. The article will explore the impact of high standard farmland construction on the local ecological environment and its effective governance methods from three perspectives: ecological environment, economy, and society.
Effects of Content Support on Integrated Reading-writing Task Performance and Incidental Vocabulary Learning
Authors: Xu Luping
Published: August 2023

Over the past few decades, task-based language teaching (TBLT) has spawned a series of studies on how various task features affect the way second language (L2) learners use the target language (TL)(e.g., Rostamian, Fazilatfar, & Jabbari, 2018) and acquire TL constructions by carrying out the task (e.g., Solon, Long, & Gurzynski-Weiss, 2017). The theoretical rationale for this strand of research is that task, a meaningful activity that entails TL use to achieve a specified objective (Bygate, Skehan, & Swain, 2001), can engage L2 learners in TL use and hence serve as a viable unit of L2 instruction. As the area has matured with accumulated empirical findings, researchers have commonly identified the near-exclusive attention paid to output-based tasks that entail productive skills such as speaking or writing (Gilabert, Manchón, & Vasylets, 2016). Receptive skills, however, play an important role in task-based instruction, creating opportunities for exposure to new TL features contained in the task input. Shintani (2012) aptly pinpoints the need for more research into input-based tasks that push learners to use the TL to respond to task input, and further asserts that outcome-oriented component can heighten learners’ sensitivity towards new TL features contained in the input and, in doing so, cater for incidental L2 learning. This is an important gap, considering the pervasive use of input-based tasks in many L2 instructional and naturalistic settings (e.g., responding to literature, replying to emails, or filling out a form following an instruction). Another gap in the literature is only marginal attention paid to the effects of task complexity on vocabulary learning. Thus far, target linguistic constructions in the TBLT studies have predominantly been L2 grammatical structures (e.g., Kim, 2012; Révész, Sachs, & Hama, 2014), while the applicability of the task-based approach to L2 vocabulary learning has largely been unattended. Against this background, the present study aimed at filling the gaps in the literature, i.e., the effects of task complexity on L2 learners’ performance in an integrated reading-writing task and learning of vocabulary contained in the task input.
Application Analysis of Efficient Water-saving Irrigation Technology in High Standard Farmland Construction
Authors: Li Tunan
Published: August 2023

In recent years, with the increasing emphasis on agricultural development in China, China has gradually strengthened the construction of high standard farmland. This work is of great significance in promoting high-quality and stable development of agricultural production and improving the resilience of farmland to disasters. By applying modern equipment and technology, water-saving irrigation technology can effectively avoid the problem of water resource waste in farmland irrigation, ensure effective improvement of water resource utilization rate, and thus improve the construction effect of high standard farmland. This article briefly analyzes the application of efficient water-saving irrigation technology in the construction of high standard farmland, hoping to provide some reference for improving the level of high standard farmland construction in China.
The Current Situation, Problems and Countermeasures of Agricultural Investment in Anhui Province
Authors: Yang Hui
Published: August 2023

Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy and people's livelihood, and also a potential economic growth point. Agriculture is a basic industry, and its production involves the Secondary sector of the economy and Tertiary sector of the economy, which plays a very strong role in driving the economy. The report of the 20th National People's Congress of the CPC points out that we need to build a socialist modern country in an all-round way, and the most arduous and arduous task is still in the countryside. Adhere to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas, adhere to the integration of urban and rural development, and facilitate the flow of urban and rural factors. Accelerate the construction of an agricultural power and solidly promote the revitalization of rural industries, talents, culture, ecology, and organizations. Anhui is located in the north and south species gathering area, and its ecological environment and agricultural resources are very rich, which provides a good material basis for the development of Anhui agriculture. However, there are still some significant issues with agricultural investment in Anhui, such as the reduction of agricultural assets and the low efficiency of agricultural investment, which to some extent limit the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture in Anhui. Therefore, this article mainly analyzes the environment, current situation, problems and obstacles of agricultural investment in Anhui, and proposes corresponding suggestions based on current policies to promote the development of agriculture in Anhui.
Study on the Fossilization of Interlanguage in EnglishTeaching in Senior High School and its Countermeasures
Authors: Dai Caihong
Published: August 2023

Interlanguage refers to a special language system that is totally different from the native language and the target language in the process of learning a foreign language. With the development of interlanguage, it gradually approaches the target language, but rarely fully integrates with the target language, showing a state of stagnation, which is called fossilization phenomenon. Fossilization is complex, repeated and durative, it appears in various aspects of Interlanguage like phonetics, syntax and semantics, and fossilization phenomenon seriously restricts the progress of learners' foreign language level. In senior high school English teaching in China, the phenomenon of interlanguage fossilization is common. This paper will explain and discuss the causes of this phenomenon, and on this basis, put forward some strategies to alleviate this phenomenon, possibly eliminating fossilization effects to help improve learners' ability to learn and master foreign languages and teachers’ teaching quality and efficiency.
The Impact of High Standard Farmland Construction Projects on Soil Slope Stability
Authors: Ren Huxing
Published: August 2023

The spatial stability of high standard farmland construction refers to the constancy of the quantity structure and spatial layout of farmland under the influence of natural, social, economic and other comprehensive factors during a certain period of time. The stability of the spatial layout of farmland is a prerequisite for the sustainable use of high standard farmland. However, during the construction process, there is an unscientific selection of high standard farmland. Some of the already built high standard farmland is occupied and ecologically damaged before the comprehensive benefit life of the project, resulting in poor spatial stability of farmland. This goes against the concept of high standard farmland construction and causes waste of construction capital. Therefore, in the current context of sustained and rapid socio-economic development, the construction of high standard farmland not only needs to consider the natural endowments of farmland, but also the stability of its external spatial layout will be the focus of research.