bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Describing universal Strongyloides serologic screening among pediatric intestinal and liver transplant recipients
Authors: Chatani Brandon , Selvaggi Gennaro , Garcia Jennifer , Gonzalez Ivan A.
Published: May 2021

Background

Strongyloides spp hyperinfections are a worldwide phenomenon that proves fatal for solid organ transplant recipients. Screening protocols to guide prophylaxis management vary institution to institution from universal to epidemiology driven. Our institution initiated a universal screening protocol regardless of travel history and exposure to ensure no cases were missed.

Methods

In this study, we describe the outcomes of three Strongyloides sero‐positive children whom underwent intestinal or liver transplantation and the experience of universal screening at a tertiary care county hospital in South Florida.

Results

Among the 66 intestine and liver pediatric transplant recipients who were screened for Strongyloides antibodies, only three were identified to be sero‐positive via the screening mechanism. Two of three had significant epidemiology risk factors. None of the patients reviewed were found to have developed hyperinfection. However, reflecting on the experience represented by our series of pediatric patients, the risk of any complication related to Strongyloides status appears low. Even among this South Florida population whom come from or travel to endemic regions are in contact with sero‐positive individuals, very few illustrate sero‐positivity.

Conclusion

While institutions continue to analyze the cost‐benefit of universal testing vs. universal prophylaxis vs. targeted screening, the decision must encompass the patient population, rolling cumulative incidence, and morbidity and mortality related to this disease.
Confidence and career choices: an experiment*
Authors: Barron Kai , Gravert Christina
Published: May 2021

Confidence is often seen as an important determinant of success. However, empirical evidence regarding the causal effect of confidence on choices is sparse. Using a stylized laboratory experiment, we examine the effect of an increase in confidence on two important labor market choices: (i) the amount of ability‐contingent earnings risk to take on, and (ii) the subsequent effort choice. We find that increased confidence leads subjects to take on more ability‐contingent earnings risk. However, effort levels are unaffected. Overall, the upward shift in confidence is detrimental for low‐ability workers as a result of high baseline levels of confidence.
Market‐based commons: Social agroforestry, fire mitigation strategies, and green supply chains in Indonesia’s peatlands
Authors: Miller Michelle Ann
Published: May 2021

This paper develops the transboundary concept of market‐based commons to explore how partial and incomplete privatisation measures are contributing to the creation, operation, and maintenance of common property in agrarian societies embedded in global economies. Focusing on Indonesia’s Riau province, I show how transboundary publics and geographically dispersed users of peatland resources collectively engage in environmental stewardship around sustainable forms of peatland development and activities aimed at mitigating the socio‐ecological costs of growth. The paper explores three types of peatland commons centred on social agroforestry using paludiculture (wet cultivation) techniques, fire mitigation strategies, and green supply chains around sustainable peatland products. I argue that while these market‐based commons are still in their infancy, they inscribe a specific set of transboundary governance relationships that seek to reform rather than resist capitalism by promoting both the protective and productive functions of carbon‐rich peatlands as profitable environmental goods of public value.
Open‐source image analysis software yields reproducible MRI measures of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in sheep models
Authors: Jones Jeryl , Harrison Cerano , Harbold Alison , Bridges William , Mercuri Jeremy
Published: May 2021

Sheep are established models for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) translational research. Objectives of this retrospective, secondary analysis, observational study were to evaluate reproducibility of two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of IVDD in sheep using open‐source image analysis software. Sagittal planar, T2‐weighted, lumbar MRI scans from a previous, prospective study were evaluated (4 sheep @ 3 treatment periods/sheep @ 7 lumbar discs /treatment period = 84 discs). A standardized protocol was developed for measuring MRI index (nucleus pulposus signal intensity × nucleus pulposus sagittal area), and nucleus pulposus signal intensity standard deviation (NPSISD). Scans were randomized and four observers with varying experience levels applied the protocol to independently perform triplicate measures. Mean coefficient of variation values for both the MRI index and NPSISD were within an acceptable range (< 10). Mean values for the three readers with at least 2 months of image analysis experience did not differ (P > .05).
Competition between Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida: Is there a threat of a stronger competitor?
Authors: Savić Aleksandra , Oveisi Mostafa , Božić Dragana , Pavlović Danijela , Saulić Markola , Schärer Heinz Müller , Vrbničanin Sava
Published: May 2021

Recent reports of the presence of Ambrosia trifida (AT) in areas infested by A. artemisiifolia (AA) in Serbia warn of the impending establishment of a more damaging crop weed. Here, we test the potential competitive effects of these two weed species. We conducted a field competition study in 2016 and 2017 as a replacement series experiment arranged in a split plot, with main plots (20.5 m × 2 m) at total plant densities of 10 and 100 plants/m2, and sub‐plots (3 m × 2 m) at the proportion of AT to AA of 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100. Individual plant biomass (IPB) for AT was lowest when grown in monoculture, while AA reached its highest IPB in its monoculture. With AT < 40%, the AT IPB was larger than (2017) or the same as AA (2016). With AT > 40%, its IPB decreased due to increased intraspecific competition. We obtained the lowest sub‐plot biomass (SPB) of AT + AA in mixtures with 40:60 and 60:40 ratios, and also the highest SPB of other weed species. We show that despite a larger leaf area, AT may not fully replace AA and thus not become a new threat to crops, as it not only suffers from intraspecific competition at high densities, but also from interspecific competition with AA. Therefore, crops may benefit from a stable coexistence of both species as compared to highly dominant AT or AA. Further studies in the presence of crops are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Prevalence of dental caries among Indigenous populations compared to non-Indigenous populations: a quantitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Nath Sonia , Ju Xiangqun , Haag Dandara Gabriela , Kapellas Kostas , Santiago Pedro Henrique Ribeiro , Jamieson Lisa
Published: May 2021

Objective:

The objective of this review is to evaluate if the prevalence of dental caries is higher among Indigenous populations compared to non-Indigenous populations.

Introduction:

Globally, Indigenous populations have experienced substantial inequalities in health, including oral health care, when compared to their non-Indigenous counterparts. Indigenous populations experience a higher prevalence of dental caries, but most of this data has been collected from convenience samples not involving non-Indigenous groups. This review will highlight differences in the prevalence of dental caries globally among Indigenous groups compared to non-Indigenous groups.

Inclusion criteria:

The systematic review will include all studies that have compared the prevalence of dental caries (% of decayed teeth>0) and dental caries experience (mean score of decayed, missing, filled teeth) among Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations across all ages.

Methods:

Initially, articles will be searched in MEDLINE, followed by a more comprehensive search on Scopus, EBSCO (Dentistry and Oral Sciences Sources), Cochrane Database, and OpenGrey. The search will be conducted independently by two reviewers from database inception to September 2020. A reference list will be made identifying all eligible studies. Titles and abstracts will be reviewed, as well as the full text of articles that meet the inclusion criteria. To assess methodological quality, a standardized critical appraisal checklist for studies reporting prevalence will be selected, followed by standardized data extraction using the JBI tool. The results from included studies will be analyzed using JBI SUMARI.

Systematic review registration number:

PROSPERO CRD42020204311
Methods of analyzing patterns of multimorbidity using network analysis: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Jones Imogen , Cocker Fiona , Jose Matthew D. , Charleston Michael A. , Neil Amanda
Published: May 2021

Objective:

The purpose of this review is to summarize the techniques used for network analysis of multimorbidity to inform development of a standard methodology.

Introduction:

There is a growing trend of using network analysis to investigate relationships between chronic illnesses in people with multimorbidities. However, there is currently no recommended approach to calculating and displaying networks of chronic health conditions. This review intends to summarize the current literature to further the development of a standard methodology.

Inclusion criteria:

Studies will be included if they investigated the relationships between multiple chronic health conditions without referring to an index condition, using network analysis techniques. Studies using both survey and administrative data will be included. Studies including biological or genomic data sets will not be included as they are out of scope.

Methods:

Databases searched will include MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and PsycINFO. All relevant publications will be included provided they were published before October 2020. Publications from all languages will be included where an appropriate translation in English can be obtained. Data extracted will include country of origin, type of data used, measure of association, software used, and notes on any specific points of methodological interest relevant to the review question.
Chapter 4: Physical Education Teacher Education Initial Certification: Meeting the Challenges
Authors: Ward Phillip , Mitchell Murray F. , Lawson Hal A. , van der Mars Hans
Published: May 2021

The physical education teacher education (PETE) faculty charged with oversight and delivery of initial teacher licensure programs confront several challenges. Some necessitate responses to revised and new standards, while others can be reframed as timely opportunities for improvement and innovation, whether in response to or in anticipation of rapid, dramatic societal change. Six examples of challenges as opportunities are discussed in this chapter: (a) the need to determine the skills, essential knowledge, values, and sensitivities for work practices in the schools of the future; (b) the dual priority for evidence-based practices in PETE and in school programs; (c) PETE faculty members’ obligations to adapt their pedagogical practices and revise preservice programs in concert with expert, veteran teachers from schools with exemplary programs; (d) manifest needs to make choices among competing, evidence-supported physical education program models; (e) needs and opportunities to redesign PETE programs, especially those located in kinesiology departments; and (f) emergent policy imperatives to demonstrate the value-added effects, both short- and long-term, on tomorrow’s teachers.
Clonal analysis of immunodominance and cross-reactivity of the CD4 T cell response to SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Low Jun Siong , Vaqueirinho Daniela , Mele Federico , Foglierini Mathilde , Jerak Josipa , Perotti Michela , Jarrossay David , Jovic Sandra , Perez Laurent , Cacciatore Rosalia , Terrot Tatiana , Pellanda Alessandra Franzetti , Biggiogero Maira , Garzoni Christian , Ferrari Paolo , Ceschi Alessandro , Lanzavecchia Antonio , Sallusto Federica , Cassotta Antonino
Published: May 2021

Probing CD4 T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2

A better understanding of CD4
+
T cell responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial to the design of effective next-generation vaccines. Low
et al.
defined and estimated the CD4
+
T cell repertoire of convalescent COVID-19 patients. After sorting various CD4
+
T cell subsets, they generated numerous T cell clones that reacted to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. A large number of T cell clones from almost all individuals recognized a small conserved immunodominant region within the spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD). The researchers isolated T cell clones that broadly reacted to the spike protein of other coronaviruses, providing evidence for the recall of preexisting cross-reactive memory T cells after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Science
, abg8985, this issue p.
1336
Staphylococcus aureus Peptide Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases Protect from Human Whole-Blood Killing
Authors: Beavers William N. , DuMont Ashley L. , Monteith Andrew J. , Maloney K. Nichole , Tallman Keri A. , Weiss Andy , Christian Alec H. , Toste F. Dean , Chang Christopher J. , Porter Ned A. , Torres Victor J. , Skaar Eric P.
Published: May 2021

Oxidative stress is a host defense strategy to control bacterial infections, and bacteria have evolved systems to counteract this innate immune defense. Here, we investigate the peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase system in
Staphylococcus aureus
that repairs oxidized methionine residues in proteins, preventing the need to resynthesize damaged proteins
de novo
.
Staphylococcus aureus Arsenal To Conquer the Lower Respiratory Tract
Authors: Pivard Mariane , Moreau Karen , Vandenesch François
Published: May 2021

Staphylococcus aureus
is both a commensal and a pathogenic bacterium for humans. Its ability to induce severe infections is based on a wide range of virulence factors.
S. aureus
community-acquired pneumonia (SA-CAP) is rare and severe, and the contribution of certain virulence factors in this disease has been recognized over the past 2 decades.
SpRY Cas9 Can Utilize a Variety of Protospacer Adjacent Motif Site Sequences To Edit the Candida albicans Genome
Authors: Evans Ben A. , Bernstein Douglas A.
Published: May 2021

Genetic modification of the human fungal pathogen
Candida albicans
allows us to better understand how fungi differ from humans at the molecular level and play essential roles in the therapeutic development. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing systems can be used to introduce site-specific mutations to
C. albicans
.
A 39-Amino-Acid C-Terminal Truncation of GDV1 Disrupts Sexual Commitment in Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Tibúrcio Marta , Hitz Eva , Niederwieser Igor , Kelly Gavin , Davies Heledd , Doerig Christian , Billker Oliver , Voss Till S. , Treeck Moritz
Published: May 2021

Transmission of malaria-causing
Plasmodium
species by mosquitos requires the parasite to change from a continuously growing asexual parasite form growing in the blood to a sexually differentiated form, the gametocyte. Only a small subset of asexual parasites differentiates into gametocytes that are taken up by the mosquito.
Novel utilisation of ultrawide-field fundus photography for detecting retinal nerve fibre layer defects in glaucomatous eyes
Authors: Kim Mi Jeung , Lee Jung Hyun , Park Ji In , Choi Jin Young , Sohn Joonhong , Hwang Ho Sik , Hwang Daniel Duck-Jin
Published: May 2021

Background/aims

Evaluation of the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) is important for identifying glaucomatous damage. Ultrawide-field fundus photography (UWP) imaging is increasingly used in the ophthalmological field; however, it is unknown whether it can be used for detecting RNFL defects (RNFLDs). We investigated whether RNFLD can be detected with UWP images and compared the clinical effectiveness of three types of images for detecting RNFLD: conventional red-free RNFL photography (RFP), non-mydriatic UWP and digitally converted green separation of non-mydriatic UWP (G-UWP).

Methods

Eyes with glaucoma or glaucoma suspect and normal control eyes meeting the eligibility criteria were consecutively enrolled from September 2019 to April 2020. Their conventional RFP, non-mydriatic UWP and G-UWP images were assessed for detecting RNFLD to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity for detecting RNFLD.

Results

Three image sets of 196 participants (84 normal control, 25 glaucoma suspect and 87 glaucoma) were obtained. The sensitivity of G-UWP (94.6%; 95% CI 88.7 to 98.0) and RFP (92.9%; 95% CI 86.4 to 96.9) was higher than that of UWP (82.1%; 95% CI 73.8 to 88.7; p<0.05). The sensitivities of G-UWP and RFP are comparable. The specificity of G-UWP (78.6%; 95% CI 68.3 to 86.8) and UWP (75.0%; 95% CI 64.4 to 83.8) was comparable, but both were lower than that of RFP (98.8%; 95% CI 93.5 to 100.0; p<0.05).

Conclusion

Non-mydriatic UWP images can be used to detect RNFLD. Non-mydriatic G-UWP showed comparable sensitivity but lower specificity to conventional RFP. Non-mydriatic G-UWP could be used as a convenient and useful diagnostic tool for screening glaucoma in clinical settings.
Disparities in severe neonatal morbidity and mortality between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal births in Western Australia: a decomposition analysis
Authors: Adane Akilew A , Bailey Helen D , Marriott Rhonda , Farrant Brad M , White Scott W , Shepherd Carrington C J
Published: May 2021

Background

The health disadvantages faced by Australian Aboriginal peoples are evidenced in early life, although few studies have focused on the reasons for population-level inequalities in more severe adverse outcomes. This study aimed to examine the scale of disparity in severe neonatal morbidity (SNM) and mortality between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal births and quantify the relative contributions of important maternal and infant factors.

Method

A retrospective cohort study with singleton live births (≥32 weeks’ gestation) was conducted using Western Australia linked whole population datasets, from 1999 to 2015. Aboriginal status was determined based on the mothers’ self-reported ethnic origin. An Australian validated indicator was adapted to identify neonates with SNM. The Oaxaca-Blinder method was employed to calculate the contribution of each maternal and infant factor to the disparity in SNM and mortality.

Results

Analyses included 425 070 births, with 15 967 (3.8%) SNM and mortality cases. The disparity in SNM and mortality between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal births was 2.9 percentage points (95% CI 2.6 to 3.2). About 71% of this gap was explained by differences in modelled factors including maternal area of residence (23.8%), gestational age (22.2%), maternal age (7.5%) and antenatal smoking (7.2%).

Conclusions

There is a considerable disparity in SNM and mortality between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal births in Western Australia with the majority of this related to differences in maternal sociodemographic factors, antenatal smoking and gestational age. Public health programmes targeting these factors may contribute to a reduction in early life health differentials and benefit Aboriginal population health through the life course.
Effects of acclimation to elevated water temperature and hypoxia on thermal tolerance of the threatened pugnose shiner (Notropis anogenus)1
Authors: McDonnell Laura H. , Mandrak Nicholas E. , Kaur Saravpreet , Chapman Lauren J.
Published: May 2021

For freshwater fishes, elevated water temperatures associated with climate warming and hypoxia can co-occur and are likely to interact as both affect oxidative metabolism. We quantified the effects of acclimation to elevated temperature and hypoxia on the thermal tolerance of pugnose shiner (Notropis anogenus), a cyprinid fish threatened in its Canadian range. In one experiment, pugnose shiner underwent two-week sequential acclimations to six increasing temperatures. Fish acclimated to warmer waters increased their critical thermal maximum (CTmax), while the agitation temperature (Tag) was 3.4 °C lower than the CTmax. In another experiment, fish were acclimated to three dissolved oxygen treatments (>95%, ∼56%, or ∼40% air saturation) for two weeks and tested under >95% and 40% conditions. CTmax was lower when measured under 40% for normoxia-acclimated fish but not for hypoxia-acclimated fish. Hypoxia-acclimated fish had higher Tag and smaller agitation windows than normoxia-acclimated fish, suggesting that hypoxia acclimation improves aspects of thermal tolerance. We examine the plasticity of thermal tolerance of pugnose shiner, showing that they may be more vulnerable to high temperatures compared with other non-imperiled Notropis species.
Incorporating demographic information into spawner–recruit analyses alters biological reference point estimates for a western Alaska salmon population
Authors: Staton Benjamin A. , Catalano Matthew J. , Fleischman Steven J. , Ohlberger Jan
Published: May 2021

Changes over time in age, sex, and length-at-age of returning Pacific salmon have been widely observed, suggesting concurrent declines in per capita reproductive output. Thus, assessment models assuming stationary reproductive output may inaccurately estimate biological reference points that inform harvest policies. We extended age-structured state-space spawner–recruit models to accommodate demographic time trends and fishery selectivity to investigate temporal changes in reference points using Kuskokwim River Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). We illustrate that observed demographic changes have likely reduced per capita reproductive output in an additive manner, for example, models including changes in both length-at-age and age composition showed larger declines than models incorporating only one time trend. Translated into biological reference points using a yield-per-recruit algorithm, we found escapement needed for maximum sustained catch has likely increased over time, but the magnitude further depended on size-selective harvest (i.e., larger increases for reference points based on larger mesh gillnets). Compared to traditional salmon assessments, our approach that acknowledges demographic time trends allows more complete use of available data and facilitates evaluating trade-offs among gear-specific harvest policies.
Optical and thermodynamic properties of a rotating dyonic black hole spacetime in $${\mathcal {N}} = 2, U(1)^2$$ gauged supergravity
Authors: Sharma Prateek , Nandan Hemwati , Papnoi Uma , Chatterjee Arindam Kumar
Published: May 2021

The null geodesics and the distance of closest approach for photon around a rotating dyonic black hole in $${\mathcal {N}} = 2, U(1)^2$$

N
=
2
,
U

(
1
)

2

gauged supergravity is studied. The phenomenon of black hole shadows with various black hole parameters has also analyzed. Further, the investigation of various thermodynamic properties for this black hole is performed with various thermodynamic parameters at the horizon. The heat capacity to study the thermodynamic stability of this black hole spacetime is also studied. The influence for different values of the black hole parameters $$ \nu $$
ν
, e, $$ \nu $$
ν
, g and $$N_{g}$$

N
g

on the phenomenon of black hole shadows and thermodynamic parameters is also investigated visually.
A Neurorobotic Embodiment for Exploring the Dynamical Interactions of a Spiking Cerebellar Model and a Robot Arm During Vision-Based Manipulation Tasks
Authors: Zahra Omar , Navarro-Alarcon David , Tolu Silvia
Published: May 2021

While the original goal for developing robots is replacing humans in dangerous and tedious tasks, the final target shall be completely mimicking the human cognitive and motor behavior. Hence, building detailed computational models for the human brain is one of the reasonable ways to attain this. The cerebellum is one of the key players in our neural system to guarantee dexterous manipulation and coordinated movements as concluded from lesions in that region. Studies suggest that it acts as a forward model providing anticipatory corrections for the sensory signals based on observed discrepancies from the reference values. While most studies consider providing the teaching signal as error in joint-space, few studies consider the error in task-space and even fewer consider the spiking nature of the cerebellum on the cellular-level. In this study, a detailed cellular-level forward cerebellar model is developed, including modeling of Golgi and Basket cells which are usually neglected in previous studies. To preserve the biological features of the cerebellum in the developed model, a hyperparameter optimization method tunes the network accordingly. The efficiency and biological plausibility of the proposed cerebellar-based controller is then demonstrated under different robotic manipulation tasks reproducing motor behavior observed in human reaching experiments.
Semantic Discovery of Composite GIS Services
Authors: Zheng Jiaqi , Xing Yongli , Lei Fei , Diao Jin , Zhou Zhangbing
Published: May 2021

With an increasing number of Geographical Information System (GIS) services publicly available on the Web, the discovery of composite GIS services is promising when novel requirements are to be satisfied. GIS services in the repository like ArcGIS software are organized in a tree hierarchy, where a parent node represents a categorial GIS service with a coarser-granularity than its child GIS services, while leaf nodes correspond to atomic and exercisable GIS services. In this setting, discovering appropriate atomic GIS services is challenging. To remedy this issue, this paper proposes a composite GIS service discovery mechanism. Specifically, for the given requirement, select the parent nodes that take the given input parameters as input and remove their inactivated children. Use remaining children to build the network and repeat the previous operation until finding the services that contain the required output. Then record the semantic similarity degree, calculated by services functional description, in this network. By using the simulated annealing algorithm, a composite GIS services solution will be recommended from this semantic network. Evaluation results demonstrate that our approach could give more significant solution compared with the state-of-the-art techniques.
Leveraging SPARQL Queries for UML Consistency Checking
Authors: Wei Bingyang , Sun Jing
Published: May 2021

Context and motivation: Multiple-viewed requirements modeling method describes the system to-be from different perspectives. Some requirements models are then specified in various UML diagrams. Question/problem: Managing those models can be tedious and error-prone, since a lot of CASE tools provide poor support for reasoning and consistency checking. Principal ideas/results: Ontology is a formal notation for describing concepts and their relations in a domain. Since software requirements are a kind of knowledge, we propose to adopt a knowledge engineering approach for managing the consistency of requirements models. In this paper, an ontology for three most commonly used UML diagrams is developed in Web Ontology Language (OWL). The transformation of UML class, sequence and state diagrams to OWL knowledge base is presented. Owing to the underlying logical reasoning capability of OWL, a semantic query language, SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language), is used to query the knowledge base for consistency checking. Contribution: This paper introduces a semantic web-based knowledge engineering approach to represent and manage software requirements knowledge in OWL. By experimenting with a concrete software system, we demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of this knowledge approach.
Parity partner bands in 163Lu: A novel approach for describing the negative parity states from a triaxial super-deformed band
Authors: Poenaru R. , Raduta A. A.
Published: May 2021

The wobbling spectrum of [Formula: see text]Lu is described through a novel approach, starting from a triaxial rotor model within a semi-classical picture, and obtaining a new set of equations for all four rotational bands that have wobbling character. Redefining the band structure in the present model is done by adopting the concepts of Signature Partner Bands and Parity Partner Bands. Indeed, describing a wobbling spectrum in an even–odd nucleus through signature and parity quantum numbers is an inedited interpretation of the triaxial super-deformed bands.
SELF-SIMILAR TOUCHING NETWORKS — PART II
Authors: FAN JIAQI , XI LIFENG , ZHAO BING
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we establish the theory of finite geodesic patterns on limit space to calculate the average distances of touching networks.
BEURLING DIMENSION AND SELF-AFFINE MEASURES
Authors: TANG MIN-WEI , WU ZHI-YI
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we continue the study in our previous work Beurling dimenison and self-similar measures [J. Funct. Anal. 274 (2018) 2245–2264]. We analyze the Beurling dimension of Bessel sequences and frame spectra of self-affine measures on [Formula: see text]. Unlike the case for the self-similar measures, it is very difficult to obtain a general expression for the dimension of self-affine sets. This implies that the Hausdorff dimension may be not a good candidate that controls the Beurling dimension in general. Instead, we find that the pseudo Hausdorff dimension proposed by He and Lau [Math. Nachr. 281 (2008) 1142–1158] can be a good candidate that can control the Beurling dimension. With the help of the pseudo Hausdorff dimension, we obtain the upper bounds of the Beurling dimension of Bessel sequences. Under suitable condition, we give the lower bound of the Beurling dimension of frame spectra of self-affine measures on [Formula: see text]. Some examples are given to illustrate our theory.
TWO-SCALE FRACTAL THEORY FOR THE POPULATION DYNAMICS
Authors: ANJUM NAVEED , HE CHUN-HUI , HE JI-HUAN
Published: May 2021

This paper aims to study a two-scale population growth model in a closed system by He–Laplace method together with the fractional complex transform (FCT). The two-scale derivative is described with the help of He’s fractional derivative. The FCT approach is used to convert differential equation of the two-scale fractal order in its traditional partner, which is then readily solved by He–Laplace iterative scheme. The results are computed as a series of easily computed components. The validation of the proposed methodology is illustrated by a quantitative comparison of numerical results with those obtained using other techniques. The results show that the proposed method is fast, accurate, straightforward, and computationally reasonable.
ON THE BULLEN-TYPE INEQUALITIES VIA GENERALIZED FRACTIONAL INTEGRALS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Authors: DU TINGSONG , LUO CHUNYAN , CAO ZHIJIE
Published: May 2021

By using generalized fractional integrals, some Bullen-type inequalities are derived where the first derivative of considered functions is Lipschitzian, bounded or generalized [Formula: see text]-preinvex. These results are also applied to the estimation of the moments of the random variable, Bullen-type quadrature formula and certain other special means. Meanwhile, three numerical examples provided in terms of the proposed method illustrate that the approach is effortless to implement and computationally attractive.
Collapse Behavior of Cable-Stiffened Single-Layer Barrel Vaults with Novel Forms of Out-of-Plane Cables
Authors: Matinpour Mohammad Hossein , Abedi Karim , Shekastehband Behzad
Published: May 2021

Cable-stiffened single-layer latticed structures with quadrilateral meshing have recently became increasingly popular to cover large-span areas due to their architectural aesthetics and high strength-to-weight ratio. Previous studies have indicated that using out-of-plane cables has a crucial role in improving instability-related issues and collapse load. In this study, the instability and collapse behavior of cable-stiffened single-layer latticed barrel vaults have been investigated using novel out-of-plane cables in an effort to achieve the appropriate model. Several parameters including, span lengths, rise-to-span ratios, strut lengths, and boundary conditions have been considered in the analyses. Using a certain amount of pre-stressing to the cables, the models have been designed under conventional load combinations including, namely dead, snow, earthquake, and wind loads. Nonlinear finite element analyses under symmetric and asymmetric snow load distributions have been carried out, considering an elasto-plastic behavior with hardening for the steel materials and an elasto-plastic behavior for the material of the cable. Based on the collapse load, collapse mechanism, energy absorption, minimum cables usage, and simplicity of construction, the appropriate model was selected. In addition, these results indicate that collapse without dynamic snap-through is the main collapse mechanism in all of the models when subjected to the selected load patterns. The increase in the stiffness, collapse load, and energy absorption is found to be dependent on the form of the out-of-plane cables. In addition, in the symmetric loading pattern, the effect of support arrangement is negligible. It has been found that the out-of-plane cables in the longitudinal directions of cable-stiffened single-layer latticed barrel vaults bring about an insignificant increase in the collapse load. Also, increasing the strut lengths increases the collapse load.
New fractional Heisenberg antiferromagnetic model and solitonic magnetic flux surfaces with normal direction
Authors: Korpinar T. , Demirkol R. Cem , Korpinar Z.
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we study applications of fractional Heisenberg antiferromagnetic model associated with the magnetic [Formula: see text]-lines in the normal direction. Evolution equations of magnetic [Formula: see text]-lines due to inextensible Heisenberg antiferromagnetic flow are computed to construct the soliton surface associated with the inextensible Heisenberg antiferromagnetic flow. Then, their explicit solutions are examined in terms of magnetic and geometric quantities via the conformable fractional derivative method. Finally, we obtain new numerical fractional solutions for nonlinear fractional Schrödinger system with the inextensible Heisenberg antiferromagnetic flow model.
Topological Characterizations of Rough Set Theory Based on Quantum Logic
Authors: Dai Songsong
Published: May 2021

Rough set theory is a mathematical approach for dealing with uncertain and imperfect knowledge processing. This paper investigates rough sets based on quantum logic, i.e., orthomodular lattice-valued logic. Some properties of the lower and upper approximations are proposed. Finally, some topological characterizations of the new rough set model are discussed.
Study of Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Singular Integro-Differential Equation by Using Collocation Method in Weighted Space
Authors: Biswas Suvankar , Moi Sandip , Pal Smita
Published: May 2021

This paper develops the numerical solution of interval type-2 fuzzy singular integro-differential equation. The theory of polynomial collocation method has been introduced to find the numerical solution of interval type-2 fuzzy singular integro-differential equation in different weighted spaces. The equation has been presented in operator form. It has been shown that the operators are bounded which are required for the convergence of the proposed method. Theorems and lemmas have been developed to show the convergence of our proposed method in type-2 fuzzy environment. A numerical algorithm for the collocation method has been presented in the numerical section. A numerical example has been examined to show the validation of our proposed method. Different types of error analysis have been examined in the form of different types of tables and figures. Also, the comparison of different types of error analysis has been examined in different weighted space.
Deglaciation and neotectonics in SE Raasay, Scottish Inner Hebrides
Authors: Smith David E. , Firth Callum R. , Mighall Tim M. , Teasdale Phill A.
Published: May 2021

Changes in the physical landscape of SE Raasay at the end of the last Quaternary glaciation are examined. The area is marked by a major fault system defining the Beinn na Leac Fault Block, and field survey shows this to comprise a rollover anticline in the SW, with extensional movement towards the NE along an oblique transfer fault, the Main Beinn na Leac Fault. The fault system was reactivated after the Last Glacial Maximum. Survey of a distinctive ridge of detached scree along the Main Beinn na Leac fault shows it to have involved a single movement of at least 7.12 m vertical displacement, arguably the greatest fault movement since before the Younger Dryas in Scotland. The present work confirms that the scree became detached during the Younger Dryas, but finds that it overlies a lacustrine deposit of at least 5.6 m of laminated sediments from a lake which had begun to accumulate earlier. Radiocarbon dating of peat overlying the lake sediments gave 10 176–10 315 cal years BP, but morphological and stratigraphical evidence indicates that drainage of the lake occurred earlier and only shortly before movement of the scree. Possible causes of displacement at the fault system are briefly discussed.
Multitarget Tracking Using Siamese Neural Networks
Authors: An Na , Qi Yan Wei
Published: May 2021

In this article, we detect and track visual objects by using Siamese network or twin neural network. The Siamese network is constructed to classify moving objects based on the associations of object detection network and object tracking network, which are thought of as the two branches of the twin neural network. The proposed tracking method was designed for single-target tracking, which implements multitarget tracking by using deep neural networks and object detection. The contributions of this article are stated as follows. First, we implement the proposed method for visual object tracking based on multiclass classification using deep neural networks. Then, we attain multitarget tracking by combining the object detection network and the single-target tracking network. Next, we uplift the tracking performance by fusing the outcomes of the object detection network and object tracking network. Finally, we speculate on the object occlusion problem based on IoU and similarity score, which effectively diminish the influence of this issue in multitarget tracking.
Simulation Analysis and Experimental Study on the Working State of Sinking Headframe in the Large Underground Shaft
Authors: Qixiang Yin , Weiping Zhao , Wen Xin , Hailin Yang , Linglei Zhang
Published: May 2021

Based on the newly developed sinking headframe for the deep and large shaft, the finite element model of the full‐scale headframe was established by using SAP2000. Through the calculation, the theoretical stress of the headframe at sinking depths of 40 m, 143 m, 223 m, 518 m, 762 m, 1000 m, 1250 m, and 1503 m was obtained and then compared with the field measured stress. The results show that with the increase of shaft sinking depth, the theoretical stress of finite element simulation and the field measured stress of each member of the sheave wheel platform and the headframe increase linearly, and for the maximum member stress in the upper, middle, and lower layers of the headframe, the numerical simulation value is greater than the field measured value and less than the designed steel strength. In other words, under normal working conditions, headframe members are in the elastic stress stage and meet the design requirements, and instability failure of headframe members will not occur. The end‐restraint mode of the supporting bars has a great influence on the force of the top member. The reasonable selection of the restraint mode in the simulation is the key to the accuracy of the calculation results. The simulation results well reflect the actual stress of the headframe and provide a reliable guarantee for the follow‐up work of the project.
Comparison of the Effects of Different Testicular Sperm Extraction Methods on the Embryonic Development of Azoospermic Men in Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Cycles: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hu Yangyang , Cao Shunshun , Wu Shenghao , Zhao Junzhao , Arhin Samuel Kofi , Shan Dan
Published: May 2021

Background. The effects of different testicular sperm extraction methods on the embryonic development and clinical outcome of azoospermic men in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles have not been researched. Our goal was to evaluate the effect of different sperm retrieval methods used for patients with OA or NOA on the embryonic development and clinical outcomes during the ICSI cycles. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 530 azoospermic patients who underwent 570 ICSI cycles met the study criteria. ICSI was performed using testicular sperm by TESA in 282 cycles (TESA group); ICSI with testicular sperm by mTESE was performed due to NOA in 90 cycles (mTESE group); ICSI with testicular sperm by MESA was performed in 198 cycles (MESA group). The embryonic development and clinical outcomes of the three groups were counted. Results. The general characteristics of the three groups were comparable. Our findings showed that the three groups were matched in terms of infertility durations and age. The mean age and the mean BMI of the female partners were similar in the three groups. Also, our findings showed there were no significant differences in the three groups regarding day 3 of the menstrual cycle FSH and days of stimulation. The research results showed that the total dose of FSH and E2 on the HCG administration day was also not statistically different in the three groups. The number of oocytes retrieved had no significant differences in the three groups. However, the number of 2PNs per cycle and the number of cleavages per cycle were higher in the MESA group than in the other two groups; the TESA group and mTESE group were similar. The number of good quality D3 embryos and the number of good quality D5 embryos were significantly decreased in the mTESE group as compared to the other two groups. Good quality D3 embryos and the rate of good quality D5 embryos in the mTESE group were lower than those in the other two groups. Moreover, the clinical pregnancy rates of the TESA group (50.71%) and the MESA group (51.52%) were similar, but both were much higher than that of the mTESE group (32.22%). Conclusions. The mTESE provides a good clinical outcome for NOA patients with severe spermatogenic impairment, including the rate of good quality D3 embryos, the rate of good quality D5 embryos, and the clinical pregnancy rate. However, our data suggested that both the TESA and MESA groups had better embryonic development and clinical outcomes than the mTESE group.
Research on Vertical Search Method of Multidimensional Resources in English Discipline Based on Edge Computing
Authors: Xie Yi
Published: May 2021

The traditional vertical search method only considers the content of the webpage, and the global master node is not enough, which will lead to premature convergence and fall into the local optimum, resulting in insufficient multi-dimensional search of resources. Therefore, this paper proposes a multidimensional resource vertical edge based on the calculation of English subject search method. This paper analyzes the architecture of search engine firstly and then introduces the multiaccess edge computing architecture. At last, it constructs the vertical search task computing model of multidimensional resources in English discipline. By associating and traversing the attributes of multidimensional resources of English discipline, the vertical search of attribute information is realized offline, and the vertical search method of multidimensional resources of English discipline based on edge calculation is designed. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, a comparative experiment is designed. Experimental results show that the method can improve the resource search ratio and recall ratio, and it can also effectively improve the search efficiency. For an English subject resource data of 50 MB, the calculation methods of edge multidimensional resource data search recall rate can reach 97% and multidimensional resource data search time consumption is only 39 ms. The experimental results show that the performance of English subject multidimensional resources vertical search is much better.
Response Characteristics of Dynamic Torque for Wet Clutch Engagement: A Numerical and Experimental Study
Authors: Zhang Zhigang , Zou Ling , Liu Hang , Feng Jin , Chen Zhige
Published: May 2021

To determine the factors affecting the dynamic transmitted torque response characteristics of the wet clutch, the oil film pressure, the asperity contact pressure, the applied pressure, and the dynamic transmitted torque model were established, using the fourth‐order Runge–Kutta numerical method to couple the oil film thickness and the speed difference to obtain the change curve of the joint pressure and the transmitted torque. The established model was used to study the influence of the pressure hysteresis time, lubricant viscosity, friction lining permeability, friction pair equivalent elastic modulus, and surface combined roughness RMS on the dynamic transmitted torque response during the wet clutch engagement. The results indicate that the longer the pressure hysteresis time, the smaller the permeability of the friction lining, the smaller the equivalent elastic modulus, the greater surface combined roughness RMS, the more delayed the response of the transmitted torque, and the smaller the level of jerk of the wet clutch engagement. Also, the lower the lubricant viscosity, the greater the permeability of the friction lining, and the smaller the equivalent elastic modulus is and the greater surface combined roughness RMS is, the more sensitive the transmitted torque response is to pressure response changes.
Hydrodynamic Performance and Cavitation Analysis in Bottom Outlets of Dam Using CFD Modelling
Authors: Aminoroayaie Yamini Omid , Mousavi S. Hooman , Kavianpour M. R. , Safari Ghaleh Ramin
Published: May 2021

Bottom outlets are significant structures of dams, which are responsible for controlling the flow rate, operation, or removal of reservoir sedimentation. The service gate controls the outlet flow rate, and whenever this gate is out of order, the emergency gate which is located at upstream is utilized. The cavitation phenomenon is one of the common bottom outlets’ problems due to the rapid flow transfer. The present research is a numerical study of the flow pattern in a dam’s bottom outlet for different gate openings by the use of Flow‐3D software and RNG k-ε turbulence model. The investigation is carried out on the Sardab Dam, an earth dam in Isfahan (Iran). The maximum velocity for 100% opening of the gate and Howell Bunger valve is about 18 m/s in the section below the gate, and the maximum velocity for 40% opening of the gate is equal to 23.1 m/s. For 50% opening of the service and emergency gate in the valve’s upstream areas, the desired pressure values are reduced. Moreover, in the areas between the two emergency and service gates, the pressure values are reduced. The possibility of cavitation in this area can be reduced by installing aerators. The flow pattern in Sardab Dam’s bottom outlet has relatively stable and proper conditions, and there are no troublesome hydraulic phenomena such as local vortices, undesirable variations in pressure, and velocity in the tunnel, and there is no flow separation in the critical area of flow entering into the branch.