bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perioperative Iron Deficiency in Patients Scheduled for Major Elective Surgeries: A French Prospective Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Capdevila Xavier , Lasocki Sigismond , Duchalais Alexis , Rigal Jean-Christophe , Mertl Patrice , Ghewy Pierre , Farizon Frédéric , Lanz Thomas , Buckert Axel , Belarbia Samia , Trochu Jean-Noël , Cacoub Patrice
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND:

The management of perioperative iron deficiency is a component of the concept of patient blood management. The objective of this study was to update French data on the prevalence of iron deficiency in patients scheduled for major surgery.

METHODS:

The CARENFER PBM study was a prospective cross-sectional study in 46 centers specialized in orthopedic, cardiac, urologic/abdominal, or gynecological surgery. The primary end point was the prevalence of iron deficiency at the time of surgery (D-1/D0) defined as serum ferritin <100 µg/L and/or transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20%.

RESULTS:

A total of 1494 patients (mean age, 65.7 years; women, 49.3%) were included from July 20, 2021 to January 3, 2022. The prevalence of iron deficiency in the 1494 patients at D-1/D0 was 47.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 44.5–49.5). At 30 days after surgery, the prevalence of iron deficiency was 45.0% (95% CI, 42.0–48.0) in the 1085 patients with available data. The percentage of patients with anemia and/or iron deficiency increased from 53.6% at D-1/D0 to 71.3% at D30 (P < .0001), mainly due to the increase of patients with both anemia and iron deficiency (from 12.2% at D-1/D0 to 32.4% at D30; P < .0001). However, a treatment of anemia and/or iron deficiency was administered preoperatively to only 7.7% of patients and postoperatively to 21.7% (intravenous iron, 14.2%).

CONCLUSIONS:

Iron deficiency was present in half of patients scheduled for major surgery. However, few treatments to correct iron deficiency were implemented preoperatively or postoperatively. There is an urgent need for action to improve these outcomes, including better patient blood management.
Oropharyngeal and Tongue Pulse Oximetry in 2 Critically Ill Pediatric Patients: A Case Report
Authors: Hall Brian , Bryant Jason , Winch Peter , Tobias Joseph D.
Published: March 2023

Pulse oximetry has become a standard of care to monitor oxygenation. Absent or inaccurate readings can occur with varied patient states. We present preliminary experience with a modification of a standard pulse oximetry using readily available equipment (oral airway and a tongue blade) to allow for continuous pulse oximetry from the oral cavity and tongue in 2 critically ill pediatric patients when standard application of pulse oximetry was not feasible or nonfunctional. These modifications can assist in the care of critically ill patients, allowing for adaptability in monitoring techniques when other options are unavailable.
Americium(III)/Curium(III) Complete Separation and Sensitive Fluorescence Detection by Capillary and Gel Electrophoresis Using Emissive Hexadentate/Octadentate Polyaminocarboxylate Ligands
Authors: Saito Shingo , Haraga Tomoko , Marumo Kazuki , Sato Yoshiyuki , Nakano Yuta , Tasaki-Handa Yuiko , Shibukawa Masami
Published: March 2023

Highly efficient and effective separation between americium (Am3+) and curium ion (Cm3+) was achieved by two simple electrophoresis-based techniques. Am3+ and Cm3+ ions were complexed with fluorophore-modified acyclic hexadentate and octadentate polyaminocarboxylates and then were electrophoretically separated and fluorescently detected in free solution with ternary complexation or in gel medium.
Physical Activity Trajectories in Early Childhood: Investigating Personal, Environmental, and Participation Factors
Authors: MCPHEE PATRICK G. , DI CRISTOFARO NATASCJA A. , CALDWELL HILARY A. T. , PROUDFOOT NICOLE A. , KING-DOWLING SARA , MACDONALD MAUREEN J. , CAIRNEY JOHN , BRAY STEVEN R. , TIMMONS BRIAN W.
Published: March 2023

Introduction/Purpose

To determine personal, environmental, and participation factors that predict children’s physical activity (PA) trajectories from preschool through to school years.

Methods

Two hundred seventy-nine children (4.5 ± 0.9 yr, 52% boys) were included in this study. Physical activity was collected via accelerometry at six different timepoints over 6.3 ± 0.6 yr. Time-stable variables were collected at baseline and included child’s sex and ethnicity. Time-dependent variables were collected at six timepoints (age, years) and included household income (CAD), parental total PA, parental influence on PA, and parent-reported child’s quality of life, child’s sleep, and child’s amount of weekend outdoor PA. Group-based trajectory modeling was applied to identify trajectories of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and total PA (TPA). Multivariable regression analysis identified personal, environmental, and participation factors associated with trajectory membership.

Results

Three trajectories were identified for each of MVPA and TPA. Group 3 in MVPA and TPA expressed the most PA over time, with increased activity from timepoints 1 to 3, and then declining from timepoints 4 to 6. For the group 3 MVPA trajectory, male sex (β estimate, 3.437; P = 0.001) and quality of life (β estimate, 0.513; P < 0.001) were the only significant correlates for group membership. For the group 3 TPA trajectory, male sex (β estimate, 1.970; P = 0.035), greater household income (β estimate, 94.615; P < 0.001), and greater parental total PA (β estimate, 0.574; P = 0.023) increased the probability of belonging to this trajectory group.

Conclusions

These findings suggest a need for interventions and public health campaigns to increase opportunities for PA engagement in girls starting in the early years. Policies and programs to address financial inequities, positive parental modeling, and improving quality of life are also warranted.
The impact of spinal fusion of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Salah (Islamic Prayer) movement: a case-control study
Authors: Irianto Komang Agung , Firas Naufal Ranadi , Binti Carlos Gracia Supriantono , Tinduh Damayanti , Sakti Yudha Mathan , De Vega Brigita
Published: March 2023

Background: Corrective spine surgery is widely accepted for treating severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Postoperative spinal range of motion (ROM) could be affected after such surgery. In certain populations, such as Muslims, this ROM change can impact daily life, as it may affect the five-times-a-day prayer (Salah). This study aims to assess the influence of spinal fusion (SF) in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) during the daily Islamic prayer (Salah).

Methods: SF-AIS patients were videoed while performing Salah prayer. The kinematic documentation was assessed and compared to Salah movements of a control group of age-matched Muslim AIS patients, who had not had surgery. The prayer quality changes were subjectively classified into improved, no change/remained, and worsened, according to the Global Perceived Effect (GPE). Functional outcome and pain were assessed by the Scoliosis Research Society Questionnaire Version 30 (SRS-30).

Results: Thirty-nine women and five men (mean age±SD: 14.8±2.3 years) met the inclusion criteria, and unoperated AIS patients were used as control (twenty-two women, mean age±SD: 15.32±1.43 years). The prostrations ROM of the SF-AIS group differed significantly from the control group (p<0.05). The GPE of the prayer movement showed improvement in 36.4%, no change in 59.1%, and worsening in 4.5% of the SF-AIS patients. The worsened group had a significantly lower bowing ROM and higher prostrations ROM compared to all groups of prayer quality changes (p<0.05). SRS-30 scores showed good outcomes (function 4.0±0.2, pain 4.2±0.5), along with the overall bowing ROM and prostrations ROM (84.2±12.0o and 53.4±9.6o, respectively). Moreover, a significant moderate positive correlation between the bowing ROM and pain (r=0.417, p=0.007) was also found.

Conclusion: Spinal fusion positively affects AIS Islamic patients in maintaining their daily Salah movement, ROM and prayer quality. Prayer quality assessment should be given extra attention as an adjuvant of the SRS-30 questionnaire to evaluate Muslim patients.
PIMS - symptoms and short/long-term gastrointestinal and cardiovascular system complications
Authors: Grudzińska Aleksandra , Dudzińska Paulina , Milanowska Małgorzata , Jarosz Dominika , Tsitko Hanna
Published: March 2023

PIMS (paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome associated with COVID-19 or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C)) is a new disease classification, occurring in children and young adults associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Although children suffer from COVID-19 infection asymptomatically or mildly, long-term complications of the disease may be more severe for them than for adults. Despite the fact that PIMS is a relatively new disease, we already know that it should not be underestimated. In spite of the clinical picture of these complications may resemble Kawasaki Disease (KD), we may notice some differences in laboratory tests (such as reduced number of lymphocytes, decreased platelet count or elevated ferritin levels). Although usually the first symptom of PIMS is high fever, it is followed by symptoms related to the digestive system, present in about 80% of cases. The insidious and severe gastrointestinal symptoms of PIMS can mimic abdominal surgical emergencies, including acute appendicitis, gastrointestinal infections or inflammatory bowel disease. Cardiovascular symptoms occur in approximately 60% of patients with PIMS. Immunomodulatory therapy plays an essential role in the treatment of PIMS. The exact causes of PIMS are recently unknown, however, it is explained as genetic hyperactivation of immunity. In this minireview we summarize the most recent data about this condition, mainly we are focusing on gastrointestinal and cardiovascular  symptoms, short/long-term complications and treatment.
Eosinophilic esophagitis – epidemiology, clinical manifestations and current therapy menagement
Authors: Dendys Konrad , Bieniasz Jan , Kazzi Marcel , Puła Michał , Wychota Marta
Published: March 2023

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which in recent years has shown a clear upward trend of incidence and prevalence in the general population. The symptoms of EoE are very heterogeneous as well as therapy management of this entity which often causes problems in the clinical approach to the patient. Adults most often suffer from dysphagia, while children usually present non-specific symptoms such as food refusal, vomiting, nausea, etc.. Currently, we have many therapeutic paths that change the course of the disease, but high expectations are also placed on new biological drugs. This publication attempts to summarize the current state of knowledge about epidemiology, age-related clinical presentation, and therapeutic strategy of eosinophilic esophagitis.
Diagnosis and management of lip filler complications – a case study with literature review
Authors: Wojtala Laura , Kapłon Kamil , Pawłocik Weronika , Szymańska Julia , Pawlak Weronika , Możdżyńska Agnieszka , Musiał Lena , Rymarz Anna , Kamińska Izabela , Grabowska Ewa
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Aesthetic medicine treatments are becoming more popular in the 21st century due to the changing beauty standards and the treatments’ ability to help slow down the aging process. One of the most asked for treatments is a lip filler using hyaluronic acid. The popularity and frequency of the said treatment are directly connected to the rising number of complications in this area. The right diagnosis of lip filler complications allows to implement correct management and therefore therapeutic success for the patient.

The aim

The aim of the work was to analyze and discuss patient’s complications and implemented medical management after lip filler treatment using hyaluronic acid.

Case report

An individual case study that included clinical examination, medical and photographic documentation analysis.

Results

The patient was diagnosed with one of the most common complications after lip filler which is swelling. The swelling was a result of an allergic reaction and was classified as severe. Medical management using corticosteroid and antihistamines was implemented with a good therapeutic outcome.

Conclusions

Implemented management using corticosteroids and antihistamines for severe swelling after lip filler is effective. Due to the rising number of treatments using soft tissue fillers, it is expected that more patients will present with complications after aesthetic medicine procedures.
Superstar Exclusivity in Two-Sided Markets
Authors: Carroni Elias , Madio Leonardo , Shekhar Shiva
Published: March 2023

In most platform environments, the exclusive provision of premium content from leading creators (superstars) is used as a strategy to boost user participation and secure a competitive edge vis-à-vis rivals. In this article, we study the impact of superstar exclusive content provision on platform competition and complementors’ homing decisions. Two competing platforms facilitate interactions between consumers and suppliers, of which the latter are identified by the superstar and a fringe of complementors (e.g., independent developers, amateurs). When platform competition is intense, more consumers become affiliated with the platform favored by superstar exclusivity. This mechanism is self-reinforcing as it generates an entry cascade of complementors, and some complementors single home on the favored platform. We find that cross-group externalities are key in shaping market outcomes. First, exclusivity benefits complementors and might make consumers better off when cross-group externalities are large enough. Second, contrary to conventional wisdom, vertical integration (platform-superstar) may make exclusivity less likely than vertical separation under reasonable conditions. Finally, we discuss implications for the strategies of platform owners, managers of superstars and complementors, and antitrust enforcers.

This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.

Funding: L. Madio gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Economic and Social Research Council [Grant ES/J500215/1], the UCLouvain “Move-in” Fellowship Programme, the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme [Grant 670494], and the Unicredit & Universities Foscolo Europe Fellowship.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4720 .
On a stronger notion of connectedness in c-spaces
Authors:   Govenment Engineering College Kozhikode, Santhosh P. K.
Published: March 2023

In this article, a stronger form of connectedness called Y-connectedness in c-spaces is introduced and some of its properties are studied. Using the notion of touching, some conditions under which union of Y-connected sub c-spaces of a c-space become Y-connected is also discussed.
A note on two families of 2-designs arose from Suzuki-Tits ovoid
Authors:   Bu-Ali Sina University, Alavi Seyed Hassan
Published: March 2023

In this note, we give a precise construction ofone of the families of 2-designs arose from studying ŕag-transitive 2-designs with parameters(v, k, λ) whose replication numbersrare coprime to λ. We show that for a given positive integer q=22n+1⩾8, there exists a 2-design with parameters (q2+ 1, q, q−1) and the replication numberq 2 admitting the Suzuki group Sz(q) asits automorphism group. We also construct a family of 2-designs with parameters (q2+ 1, q(q−1),(q−1)(q2−q−1)) and thereplication number q2(q−1) admitting the Suzuki groups Sz(q) astheir automorphism groups.
Öz Şefkat Yaklaşımının Tüketici Davranışı Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: TOMRİS KÜÇÜN Nihan
Published: March 2023

Pazarlama, geçirdiği tarihsel dönüşüm neticesinde günümüzde hem markalar hem de tüketici için değer yaratan bir yaklaşıma sahip olacak şekilde gelişmiştir. Bu bağlamda tüketicileri anlamak ve etkin bir iletişim kurabilmek, uzun dönemli bir sürdürülebilirlik sağlamak bakımından anahtar niteliğinde görülmektedir. Belirtilen önem neticesinde tüketicilerin bireysel düzeyde anlaşılabilmesi ve desteklenebilmesi, pazarlama iletişiminin sağlıklı bir düzeyde yürütülebilecek şekilde yapılandırılması için oldukça belirleyicidir.

Bireysel psikolojinin önemli konularından biri olan başa çıkma stratejileri, bireylerin belli bir zorlukla karşı karşıya kalmaları durumunda başvurdukları yollar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Benlik ve benliğe yönelik bireysel değerlendirmeler odağında tanımlanan bu stratejilere 2000’li yılların başında “öz şevkat” kavramı eklenmiştir. Öz şefkat; ortak insanlık, farkındalık ve öz nezaket olmak üzere üç farklı boyuta sahiptir. Bireylerin deneyimlediği bir zorluk karşısında uzun dönemli, öz- yargılamadan uzak ve yapıcı bir yaklaşım sergilemesi olarak özetlenebilecek olan öz şevkat, psikoloji alanında uzun süredir çalışılmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra yakın dönemde iletişim araştırmalarında ve yönetim organizasyon alanında da kavrama yer verildiği görülmektedir. Bununla beraber pazarlama alanında yürütülen araştırmalar oldukça kısıtlıdır. Oysaki insan davranışı, bireylerin psikolojik durumlarından ayrı değerlendirilmeyecek kadar bütünsel bir çıktıdır ve tüketici davranışlarının anlaşılması için kapsamın geliştirilmesine yönelik yaklaşımlar büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Belirtilen sebeplerle bu araştırmada, pazarlama perspektifi ile geliştirilen öz şefkat odaklı çalışmalar incelenmiş, alana ve uygulamacılara sağlayabileceği potansiyel katkı bakımından değerlendirilmiştir. Literatürün henüz gelişme aşamasında olması sebebiyle bu araştırmaların sonrakiler için önemli bir zemin oluşturacağı öngörülmektedir.
Drug Repurposing against Phosphomannomutase for the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Sheikh Sabahat Yasmeen , Ansari Waseem Ahmad , Hassan Firoj , Khan Mohammad Faheem , Faiyaz Syed Shah Mohammed , Akhter Yusuf , Khan Abdul Rahman , Nasibullah Malik
Published: March 2023

Due to the lack of approved vaccines against Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), chemotherapy is the only treatment option. Presently, none of the current CL drugs have high levels of efficacy and safety profiles. Thus, the development of new and safer drugs is urgently needed. Drug repurposing can be used for the development of new therapeutic activities. Phosphomannomutase (PMM) has become highlighted as a potential drug target due to its important role in the biosynthesis of glycoconjugates which is essential for parasite virulence. To identify new promising lead molecules, we have performed virtual screening of 8,500 drugs and selected 46 drugs for docking simulation through the Glide module of Schrodinger software. The saquinavir and grazoprevir showed the highest binding affinity (-10.144 and -10.131 kcal/mole). To find the stability of both complexes, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed at 100ns. The grazoprevir-2i54 and saquinavir-2i54 complexes showed good stability in the active site of the receptor. It could be an alternative drug for the treatment of CL.
Phytochemical Analysis of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson and Its Standardisation by HPLC and HPTLC
Authors: C. Bhuvaneswari C. Bhuvaneswari , R. Sivasubramanian R. Sivasubramanian
Published: March 2023

Elephant foot yams (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Denst.) Nicolson) are an important part of the diet in many parts of Asia. This study aims to analyse the physiochemical, phytochemicals, and in vitro antioxidant properties of different alcoholic and aqueous extracts. HPTLC and HPCL profile of ethanolic extract tubers of A. paeoniifolius was also investigated. Important secondary metabolites were detected through physicochemical analysis and phytochemical screening. In a laboratory, the antioxidant activity of A. paeoniifolius extracts was evaluated using standard free radical scavenging assays. HPLC testing showed that Gallic Acid, Quercetin, and Rutin could be used to standardise A. paeoniifolius. The study's results showed that it would give information that could be used to identify and verify this medicinal plant correctly and may help prevent its adulteration. The extracts of A. paeoniifolius have the potential to be a powerful antioxidant that can get rid of free radicals. The parameters for characterising A. paeoniifolius described in this paper could be used as a quality control standard for this plant.
Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites of Ageratina adenophora and Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for its Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Maheswari B Latha , Mani N Mani N , Kavikala N Kavikala N , Karthika S Karthika S , Rajasudha V Rajasudha V
Published: March 2023

Synthetic antibiotics have been successfully utilized for decades against pathogenic bacteria to control infectious diseases. However, the continuous and overuse has resulted in multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial species. Further, the negative side effects caused by commercial antibiotics also hindered their usage. The phytochemicals produced by plants in response to adverse biotic and abiotic conditions possess significant pharmacological properties and can be an effective alternative to synthetic antibiotics. The phytochemicals of Ageratinaadenophora, served the role of reducing and stabilizing agent. Ageratinaadenophora mediated silver nanoparticles (Aa-AgNPs) were characterized using advanced spectroscopic instrumentation. The qualitative analysis by GC-MS showed Methyl ionone, 2(3H)-Naphthalenone, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 7, 8- hexahydro-4a,7,7-trimethyl-(R), Isolongifolone as the major compounds. The quantitative estimation showed leaves were rich in total phenol, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. The Aa-AgNPs were effective in inhibiting bacterial pathogens. Further, A.adenophora mediated nanoparticles possessed strong antioxidant activity.
Experimental and Computational Study of Thiophene Based Calamitic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Reddy Martala Venkateswara , Veeraprakash Bathini , B. Mahesh B. Mahesh , Ramanjaneyulu Mala , P. Venkateswarlu P. Venkateswarlu
Published: March 2023

The structurally analogous calamitic mesogens 4-((4-(decyloxy) phenoxy) carbonyl) phenyl thiophene-2-carboxylate [2TWC10] and 4-(Thiophen-3-yl) phenyl 4-dodecylbenzoate [S12] based on thiophene were synthesized and structures of the molecules were confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. Among the two molecules, only 2TWC10 mesogen with alkoxy terminal exhibited a typical threaded structure indicating a homeotropic nematic phase under hot stage-polarizing optical microscopy (HOPM). Further, it is supported by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Remarkably, alkyl terminal S12 mesogen is not showing liquid crystalline properties. This is because S12 has alkyl group as the terminal group instead of alkoxy group which was used generally, resulting in bent shape to the molecule which reduced aspect ratio which is essential for liquid crystalline property. UV-Visible absorption maxima because of - transitions in these mesogens were found at280-300 nm in chloroform solution. The DFT study shows that the alkoxy terminal in 2TW10 is contributing to polarity of the molecule but in S12 there is no contribution from terminal chain because it is non polar group. The DFT study also shows that 2TWC10 is more reactive and less stable than S12 molecule.
Artificial Neural Network Prediction of Optimal Phenylic acid Adsorption using Lantana camara Activated Carbon
Authors: V. Senthilkumar V. Senthilkumar , K. K. Ilavenil K. K. Ilavenil
Published: March 2023

This paper exemplifies the application of artiﬁcial neural network (ANN) for prediction of performances in adsorption of phenylic acid from waste water by conventional and low cost Lantana camara activated carbon as adsorbent material. To estimate the removal efficiencies of phenylic acid, a three-layer feed-forward neural network using a back propagation algorithm was utilised in the MATLAB environment. The initial concentrations (mg/L) of phenylic acid, amount (g/L) of adsorbent and pH are the input parameters utilised to train the neural network. The output of the neural network was taken to be the effectiveness of phenylic acid removal. Statistical measures like root mean square error and linear regression were also used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed ANN models. Based on the comparison of the removal efficiencies of contaminants using ANN models and empirical results, ANN modelling for the adsorption of phenolic compounds was found to be reasonably consistent with the empirical results.
“Anti-microbial Study and Synthesis of Schiff bases of 3-actyl 4-hydroxy Quinolin-2-one”
Authors: Anjanikar Shivraj S. , Chandole Santosh S.
Published: March 2023

Quinoline based new Schiff bases were synthesized from 3-Actyl 4-Hydroxy Quinolin-2-(1H)-one and screened their antibacterial and antifungal activity. The Schiff bases 4-hydroxy-3-(1-((4-picolin-2-yl)imino)ethyl)quinolin-2-(1H)-one(L1),4-hydroxy-3-(1-((5-picolin-2-yl)imino)ethyl)quinolin-2(1H)-one(L2),4-hydroxy-3-(1-((6-picolin-2-yl)-imino)ethyl)quinolin-2(1H)-one(L3) and 4-hydroxy-3-(1-((3-nitro-4-picolin-2-yl)imino)ethyl)quinolin-2-(1H)-one (L4) were preparedfrom 3-Acetyl 4-Hydroxy Quinolin-2-One with 2-amino picolines. The structures of Schiff bases were confirmed by Infrared, mass, proton-NMR and 13CNMR spectral analysis. In vitro studies of these Schiff bases were carried out for their antibacterial activity by Agar contact method and antifungal activity by the poison plate method. The bacterial species used were B. subtilis, E. coli, S. typhi, and S. aureus. Fungal species used were F. moneliforme, A.niger, A. flavus, and P. chrysogenum.
Development and Application of Newly Synthesized Guar gum Diamino Benzoic Acid (GDABA) Resin for Elimination of Hazardous Waste Metal Ions from Industrial Effluents
Authors: Rathore Monika , Singh Aresh Vikram
Published: March 2023

The newly synthesized Guar gum Diamino Benzoic Acid (GDABA) resin for elimination of hazardous waste metal ions was developed from industrial effluents. The gaur gum has been studied for their good metal sorption properties and found to have potential for waste management. In the laboratory, chemically produced Guar gum Diamino Benzoic Acid (GDABA) derivative has been employed for the elimination of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ ions from effluents of Steel Industries in Jodhpur, Rajasthan (India). These groups of ion exchanger constitute new category of newly reformed ion exchange resin for the retraction of ions of harmful metal. It was further diagnosed by computing its thermal and FT-IR spectral analysis, ion exchange capacity etc. The estimation of ‘Kd’ values of these unsafe metal ions was also done at various values of pH.
A survey on the usage of decellularized tissues in orthopaedic clinical trials
Authors: Itoh Masafumi , Itou Junya , Imai Shinya , Okazaki Ken , Iwasaki Kiyotaka
Published: March 2023

Aims

Orthopaedic surgery requires grafts with sufficient mechanical strength. For this purpose, decellularized tissue is an available option that lacks the complications of autologous tissue. However, it is not widely used in orthopaedic surgeries. This study investigated clinical trials of the use of decellularized tissue grafts in orthopaedic surgery.

Methods

Using the ClinicalTrials.gov (CTG) and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) databases, we comprehensively surveyed clinical trials of decellularized tissue use in orthopaedic surgeries registered before 1 September 2022. We evaluated the clinical results, tissue processing methods, and commercial availability of the identified products using academic literature databases and manufacturers’ websites.

Results

We initially identified 4,402 clinical trials, 27 of which were eligible for inclusion and analysis, including nine shoulder surgery trials, eight knee surgery trials, two ankle surgery trials, two hand surgery trials, and six peripheral nerve graft trials. Nine of the trials were completed. We identified only one product that will be commercially available for use in knee surgery with significant mechanical load resistance. Peracetic acid and gamma irradiation were frequently used for sterilization.

Conclusion

Despite the demand for decellularized tissue, few decellularized tissue products are currently commercially available, particularly for the knee joint. To be viable in orthopaedic surgery, decellularized tissue must exhibit biocompatibility and mechanical strength, and these requirements are challenging for the clinical application of decellularized tissue. However, the variety of available decellularized products has recently increased. Therefore, decellularized grafts may become a promising option in orthopaedic surgery.

Cite this article:Bone Joint Res 2023;12(3):179–188.
CFD Investigation of Thermo-hydraulic Performance in Rib Roughened Fin Under Forced Convection
Authors: Srivastav Ayushman
Published: March 2023

Here, a for the purpose of investigating the thermo-hydraulic performance of, numerical simulation is performed. a fin with rib roughening and induced convection. The next paragraphs give the analysis. If we do numerical simulations under a variety of fluid flow situations and look at how they interact with one another, we might be able to obtain numerical information on the heat transfer and friction caused by a ribbed fin. We would need to examine how they interact in order to do this. There is a broad spectrum of rib pitch to rib height ratios (P/e) that are possible. it was feasible to gather data on fluid flow and temperature distribution in a validated numerical model by raising the Reynolds Number from 500 to 5000. These ratios were used to assess how effectively the model operated. To Charts that are based on the Nusselt Number and the friction factor are used in order to evaluate the thermal and hydraulic characteristics of rib-roughened fins. The findings from the rib roughened fin geometry are compared with those of a plain fin in order to determine the degree of efficiency that the test fin possesses in terms of eliminating heat from its base under operating conditions that are otherwise comparable to those previously described. This analysis was carried out to ascertain the degree of efficacy that the test fin possesses in terms of removing heat from its base. The ribbed fin’s P/e ratio of 6 contributes to the substantial increase in heat transport while also reducing friction.
The Physical vs. Mathematical Problem of Navier-Stokes Equations (NSE)
Authors: DUMITRESCU Horia , CARDOS Vladimir , BOGATEANU Radu
Published: March 2023

The Navier-Stokes equations describing the motion of viscous/real fluids in Rn (n = 2 or 3) depend on a positive coefficient (the viscosity, ν) via the Reynolds number. The key of NSE problem is the Reynolds number, mathematically considered a simple small perturbation parameter without any physical explanation, or a vague physical Newtonian ratio of inertial to viscous forces, 𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅=𝑈𝑈𝑈𝑈𝜈𝜈, in spite of its quantic physical meaning as the initial excitation to response ratio, at the beginning of motion (IC at t = 0). The paper deals with the thixotropic property of real viscosity which softens (ν ↓) when strained (Re↑), but it doesn’t tend to zero (ν → 0) as much as the Reynolds number increases, holding a finite value, corresponding to the new thermodynamic equilibrium state. The (ν → 0 for Re → ∞) false physical condition renders the NSE problem to a unique solution less one beyond a critical Reynolds number, Recr. The understanding of the wall-bounded viscous flows, at both small-scales (slow motion, small Re) and larger scale (turbulent motion, large Re) must be in conjunction with the more-subtle torsional buckling effect of the “wall” lag concept that the wall has on the inherent fluid dynamics during the starting phase. The limitations of the diathermal wall associated with the starting accelerations at the onset of motion, of the order of acr/g ≥ 2/3, create the physical conditions (thermomolecular changes) for the loss of the mathematical uniqueness of the NSE solutions. The physical limitations in conjunction with the validity area of NSE model are considered in the sequel. Because of the nonlinearity of the PDE differential equations, the variation of geometrical and physical properties can lead to bifurcations in the solution and thus, to multiple solutions. Considerations relative to laminar-turbulent transition as the main bifurcation source for the more complex structure of a solution, engendered by molecular structure changes of a flowing fluid in more or less contact with the walls, are given and illustrated for the canonical flows on flat plates and viscous decay of a starting/contact vortex (“vortex eye”).
Orbital dynamics and characterization of space debris via optical observations
Authors: GHONIEM Hager , RADWAN Mohamed , DWIDAR Hany , ABDEL-AZIZ Yehia , Magdy ABDEL-AZIZ Ahmed
Published: March 2023

Studying the long-term dynamical evolution of space debris and the development of optical measurements help us to avoid collision risks caused by these objects. In this work we studied the long-term evolution of space debris orbits, in GEO and MEO regions, under the effect of natural perturbations. The perturbations considered are the Earth’s gravitational field, luni-solar attraction and solar radiation pressure as well. To characterize and track the space debris we used the optical space surveillance system (OSTS) constructed by the National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysical (NRIAG). To better understanding the long-period dynamics we carried out several numerical explorations on space debris with small area-to-mass ratio ((between 0.009𝑚𝑚2/kg and 0.09𝑚𝑚2/kg). We found that zonal potential and solar radiation pressure play an important role in the dynamics of the problem.
Demonstration of continuous multiple access with homodyne and image-rejection heterodyne coherent receivers using directly modulated laser transmitters
Authors: Masanas Miquel , Tabares Jeison , Cano Ivan , Prat Josep
Published: March 2023

This work presents a comprehensive set of experiments for the multipoint-to-point coherent passive optical network (PON), where the wavelength locking between the optical network unit (ONU) and optical line termination lasers is critical, especially if operating in burst mode. Here, we test the performance of continuous multiple access in a splitter-based PON with both an ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing and RF-subcarrier multiplexing configuration, with simple distributed feedback (DFB) lasers along non-return to zero and pulse amplitude modulation of four levels. Most interestingly, we test a spectrally efficient heterodyne receiver with image-frequency rejection and polarization independence based on the 3×3 optical front-end. Two users at the same intermediate frequency are detected simultaneously avoiding image frequency interference while minimizing complexity, with transmissions of 2.5 Gb/s. We provide comparison with an asynchronous homodyne receiver. The achieved results demonstrate the feasibility of continuous multiple access using thermally controlled ONUs with conventional DFBs as an enhanced alternative to commercial time division multiplexing access.
High-speed measurement of retinal arterial blood flow in the living human eye with adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy
Authors: Liu Ruixue , Wang Xiaolin , Hoshi Sujin , Zhang Yuhua
Published: March 2023

We present a technique to measure the rapid blood velocity in large retinal vessels with high spatiotemporal resolution. Red blood cell motion traces in the vessels were non-invasively imaged using an adaptive optics near-confocal scanning ophthalmoscope at a frame rate of 200 fps. We developed software to measure blood velocity automatically. We demonstrated the ability to measure the spatiotemporal profiles of the pulsatile blood flow with a maximum velocity of 95–156 mm/s in retinal arterioles with a diameter >100 µm. High-speed and high-resolution imaging increased the dynamic range, enhanced sensitivity, and improved the accuracy when studying retinal hemodynamics.
Mirikizumab regulates genes involved in ulcerative colitis disease activity and anti-TNF resistance: results from a phase 2 study
Authors: Steere Boyd , Schmitz Jochen , Powell Nick , Higgs Richard , Gottlieb Klaus , Liu Yushi , Jia Bochao , Tuttle Jay L , Sandborn William J , Sands Bruce E , D’Haens Geert , Reinisch Walter , Krishnan Venkatesh
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Mirikizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the p19 subunit of interleukin (IL)23, demonstrated efficacy and was well-tolerated in a phase 2 randomized clinical trial in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) (NCT02589665). We explored gene expression changes in colonic tissue from study patients and their association with clinical outcomes.

Methods:

Patients were randomized to receive intravenous placebo or three mirikizumab induction doses. Patient biopsies were collected at baseline and Week 12, and differential gene expression was measured using a microarray platform and compared in all treatment groups to determine differential expression values between baseline and Week 12.

Results:

The greatest improvement in clinical outcomes and placebo-adjusted change from baseline in transcripts at Week 12 were observed in the 200 mg mirikizumab group. Transcripts significantly modified by mirikizumab correlate with key UC disease activity indices (modified Mayo score, Geboes Score, Robarts Histopathology Index) and include MMP1, MMP3, S100A8, and IL1B. Changes in transcripts associated with increased disease activity were decreased after 12 weeks of mirikizumab treatment. Mirikizumab treatment affected transcripts associated with resistance to current therapies, including IL-1B, OSMR, FCGR3A and FCGR3B, and CXCL6, suggesting that anti-IL23p19 therapy modulates biological pathways involved in resistance to anti-TNF and JAK inhibitors.

Discussion:

This is the first large-scale gene expression study of inflamed mucosa from patients with UC treated with anti-IL23p19 therapy. These results provide molecular evidence for mucosal healing from an extensive survey of changes in transcripts that improve our understanding of the molecular effects of IL-23p19 inhibition in UC.
Influencia de los factores de vulnerabilidad al VIH/sida sobre comportamientos sexuales de riesgo en adolescentes
Authors:   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, Telpiz-de la Cruz Silvio Germán , Rubiano-Mesa Yurian Lida ,   Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia, Castejón Juan Luis ,   Departamento de Psicología Evolutiva y Didáctica, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Alicante, España
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de los factores de vulnerabilidad al VIH/sida sobre los comportamientos sexuales de riesgo en los adolescentes. Método: Estudio transversal correlacional predictivo. Muestra aleatoria estratificada de 1000 adolescentes de colegios públicos de una localidad de Bogotá, Colombia. Se estimó un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales que examinó los efectos de los factores vulnerabilidad al VIH/sida sobre los comportamientos sexuales de riesgo (escala EVA-CSR), controlando las variables: consumo de alcohol, número de parejas sexuales, inicio de la vida sexual y edad. Resultados: Sobre los comportamientos sexuales de riesgo el modelo presentó: un ajuste adecuado; explica un 31% de la varianza; reportó efecto directo de educación sexual sanitaria, educación sexual escolar, expresión emocional el colegio, relaciones sexuales por amor a la pareja, maltrato de la pareja, consumo de alcohol, inicio de la vida sexual, número de parejas sexuales; y efecto mediador de la expresión emocional en el colegio, la educación sexual sanitaria y las relaciones sexuales por amor a la pareja. Conclusiones: Los comportamientos sexuales de riesgo del adolescente se explican con cinco factores de vulnerabilidad al VIH/sida y tres variables de control. Los estudios futuros deben centrarse en factores causales y mediadores que fortalezcan la evidencia de causalidad y en intervención sobre comportamientos sexuales de riesgo controlando las variables predictoras.
Pengembangan Youtube Bahan Belajar Dari Rumah Untuk Materi Persamaan Linear Satu Variabel Tingkat SMP
Authors: Bahy Valentina Ivon , Arcana I Nyoman , Ayuningtyas Annis Deshinta
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Youtube bahan belajar dari rumah yang dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran persamaan linear satu variabel dan untuk mengetahui kelayakan Youtube bahan belajar dari rumah. Penelitian ini merupakan Research and Development (R&D) model ADDIE, terdiri dari 5 tahapan yaitu : (1) Analysis; (2) Design; (3) Development; (4) Implementation; (5) Evaluation. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket validasi, angket respon peserta didik, dan tes hasil belajar. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil pada tahap analisis adalah mengetahui permasalahan dari hasil wawancara, observasi dan analisis materi kemudian peneliti memberikan solusi berupa pengembangan Youtube bahan belajar dari rumah. Tahap desain menghasilkan perencanaan isi materi, pemilihan software, perancangan isi angket dan pembuatan channel Youtube. Tahap pengembangan menghasilkan pembuatan video Youtube dan penilaian dari validator yang mencapai rata-rata 4,61 (sangat valid). Tahap implementasi memperoleh skor rata-rata dari angket respon peserta didik yaitu 4,31 (baik). Tahap evaluasi memperoleh hasil korelasi angket respon peserta didik dengan tes hasil belajar sebesar r = 0,719. Hasil penelitian ini berupa video Youtube bahan belajar dari rumah dengan channel “Cinta Matematika Kuy” untuk materi persamaan linear satu variabel. Video ini telah melalui uji kelayakan, dan dinyatakan layak digunakan subagai bahan belajar dari rumah.
Metodologías y aplicaciones de diagnósticos sectoriales: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: López-Santana Eduyn Ramiro , Méndez-Giraldo Germán Andrés , Ávila-Choconta Harol Andrey , Franco Carlos , Rueda-Velasco Feizar
Published: March 2023

Contexto: En el marco del desarrollo de diagnósticos sectoriales en el ámbito colombiano y latinoamericano, se plantea la necesidad de comparar qué aspectos metodológicos han sido relevantes en distintos estudios, tanto específicos como generales, para realizar diagnósticos a diferentes sectores de la economía. Como base de comparación se emplea la metodología propuesta por el grupo ARCOSES de la Universidad Distrital, y se realiza una búsqueda de literatura relacionada principalmente en el ámbito latinoamericano. Método: Esta revisión de la literatura se realizó con base en las siguientes palabras clave: diagnóstico sectorial, análisis sectorial, caracterización sectorial y análisis de sector. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron Dialnet, Iseek, ScienceReseach, Lareferencia, Scielo, Redib, BASE, Springer Link, Scopus y Science Direct. Se seleccionaron los documentos que aplicaron un diagnóstico sectorial o indagaron sobre aspectos metodológicos. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis de cada trabajo, comparándolo con las variables propuestas por el grupo ARCOSES. Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las metodologías; muchos trabajos partían de la recolección de datos e información para después realizar estadística descriptiva. En otros, se aplicaban métodos y herramientas más específicos, dependiendo de lo que se quisiera evaluar en el sector. Algunos de los diagnósticos sectoriales contaban con marcos teóricos y conceptuales, además de planteamientos de hipótesis, que se aceptarían con base en la estadística inferencial. Se destaca la importancia de esta temática en el futuro, debido a las distintas problemáticas asociadas a varios sectores económicos con respecto a factores ambientales, sociales y políticos. Conclusiones: Hay gran dificultad en el diseño de una metodología de uso general. Por lo tanto, es recomendable partir de metodologías previas y realizar modificaciones pertinentes dependiendo del sector de estudio. Se resalta la importancia de la fase de recolección de datos e información sobre un sector, ya que puede involucrar una gran cantidad de retos, incrementando los tiempos de elaboración de los diagnósticos sectoriales. Desde la academia, la investigación futura puede estar orientada al diseño de metodologías particulares que permitan encontrar, de manera eficiente, datos e información que sean de utilidad para el crecimiento económico de un sector.
Influencia del tipo de fibras y del tratamiento superficial de las fibras en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de compuestos reforzados con fibras vegetales
Authors: Sánchez-Cruz Martha Lissette , Capote Rodriguez Gil , Patiño-Quiazua Juan Pablo
Published: March 2023

Contexto: La preocupación por la mitigación del impacto ambiental generado por el uso de fibras sintéticas como refuerzo de los materiales compuestos tradicionales ha promovido el diseño y caracterización de compuestos elaborados a partir de la combinación de materiales de origen vegetal. No obstante, a pesar de sus múltiples ventajas, para su empleo eficiente como materiales de construcción es necesario profundizar en la determinación del efecto de los parámetros de diseño en su desempeño mecánico.
 
Método: El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar el efecto de los parámetros de diseño (tipo de fibras y tratamiento superficial en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de paneles elaborados con materiales (fibras y resina) de origen vegetal. Para la elaboración del compuesto fueron utilizadas dos tipos de fibras: fibras de Arundo Dónax y fibras de Guadua Angustifolia Kunth. Para la elaboración de los paneles las fibras fueron distribuidas de manera aleatoria en una resina vegetal, obtenida a partir del procesamiento del aceite de ricino. Para evaluar el efecto del tratamiento en las propiedades del compuesto tres condiciones fueron consideradas: fibras sin tratamiento, fibras tratadas con solución de hidróxido de sodio y fibras tratadas con plasma. La densidad en estado anhidro, la capacidad de absorción efectiva, la absorción superficial, el porcentaje de hinchamiento, el módulo de rotura y el módulo de elasticidad aparente fueron determinados experimentalmente. A partir de los resultados experimentales se realizó un análisis de la superficie de respuesta mediante la implementación de un diseño central compuesto, utilizando un programa comercial.
 
Resultados: A partir de los resultados experimentales se realizó un análisis de la superficie de respuesta. Para cada una de las propiedades estudiadas se obtuvieron los diagramas de Pareto y los gráficos de contorno. A partir de los resultados estadísticos fue posible establecer ecuaciones que permiten predecir las propiedades del compuesto en función del tipo de fibra y el tratamiento aplicado en su superficie.
 
Conclusiones: A partir de los resultados obtenidos fue posible verificar el efecto del tipo de fibras y de su modificación superficial en las propiedades físicas de compuestos elaborados con materiales de origen vegetal. Otros parámetros como orientación de las fibras, así como variables asociadas a las condiciones de procesamiento (presión y tiempo de compactación) pueden influir en las propiedades del material) y serán abordadas en trabajos futuros.