bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le régime d’Assad a échoué à restaurer sa pleine souveraineté sur la Syrie
Authors: Balanche Fabrice
Published: July 2021

Depuis son étiage du printemps 2013, le régime de Bachar el-Assad est parvenu à reprendre le contrôle des deux tiers du territoire syrien avec l’aide de ses alliés russe et iranien. Cependant, l’essentiel de ses frontières internationales lui échappe au profit de ses alliés et de ses ennemis. Cette perte d’un symbole régalien par excellence témoigne de la réalité du pouvoir à Damas, où la Russie et l’Iran imposent leurs agendas, tandis que la Turquie étend son influence sur le Nord du pays.
L’autonomie stratégique européenne, nouvel instrument de puissance à l’épreuve des crises en Méditerranée orientale
Authors: Sciandra Margaux
Published: July 2021

Prenant conscience de la dégradation de son environnement sécuritaire à ses marges, l’Union européenne travaille à mettre en cohérence une stratégie globale de Politique étrangère et de défense commune visant à garantir son autonomie stratégique. Cette initiative part du constat que l’UE a été dans l’incapacité d’agir de manière commune face aux tensions en Méditerranée orientale. Cependant, elle apparaît insuffisante pour conférer un nouvel élan politique européen. Ce cas d’étude offre à l’analyste un concentré des défis diplomatiques et sécuritaires qui ne manqueront pas de se poser aux États européens au cours du XXI e  siècle.
La militarisation de la diplomatie turque depuis 2016
Authors: Sémon Adrien
Published: July 2021

Frappée et fragilisée par de grandes purges au lendemain du coup d’État manqué du 15 juillet 2016, l’armée turque n’en fut pas moins érigée dès après en instrument majeur de la diplomatie de son pays. Ankara a ainsi acté le renouvellement de sa doctrine politique et stratégique vis-à-vis de son environnement proche dans un climat régional instable, s’il ne lui est même hostile. Multipliant les interventions militaires et soutenue par une industrie militaire en plein essor, la Turquie entend s’affirmer comme une puissance militaire régionale de premier plan.
Le retour de la Russie en Méditerranée orientale
Authors: Bruyère-Isnard Théo
Published: July 2021

La Méditerranée est un point clé de la stratégie maritime russe. Elle constitue en effet un lieu de passage et de projection depuis la mer Noire vers différentes zones d’intérêt pour la Russie. Si l’instabilité de la région offre des opportunités à Moscou pour étendre son influence, elle lui impose également une approche prudente pour se prémunir de ses conséquences. Dès lors, la présence russe en Méditerranée sera probablement amenée à s’intensifier dans les années à venir.
La négociation de la frontière maritime israélo-libanaise : droit international et intérêts géopolitiques
Authors: Rovri Sébastien
Published: July 2021

La négociation conflictuelle de la frontière maritime entre le Liban et Israël est révélatrice des tensions entre l’État hébreu et le Hezbollah , et de la déliquescence de la classe politique libanaise. Celle-ci, incapable de se structurer, fait montre d’incohérence vis-à-vis de leurs pragmatiques homologues israéliens. L’incapacité à trouver un accord malgré une médiation américaine et onusienne met en lumière les limites du droit international et le besoin de critères de délimitation uniformisés en Méditerranée orientale. Bien qu’un conflit armé pour le gaz n’est pas d’actualité, la crise économique du Liban et sa précarité énergétique constituent une véritable bombe à retardement.
EastMed et le marché du gaz en Europe et en Méditerranée
Authors: Sémon Adrien , Mavrommatis Eleni
Published: July 2021

Israël, Chypre et la Grèce ont signé le 2 janvier 2020 un accord pour la réalisation du gazoduc EastMed qui doit acheminer du gaz de Méditerranée orientale vers l’Europe en contournant la Turquie. Loin cependant de résoudre les problèmes d’approvisionnement énergétique du Vieux Continent, le gazoduc s’inscrit dans une dynamique de recomposition des frontières politiques et économiques en Méditerranée et en Europe.
Public Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Antibiotics Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Saudi Arabia: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Alnasser Ali Hassan A. , Al-Tawfiq Jaffar A. , Ahmed Hana Ahmed A. , Alqithami Sarah Mohammed H. , Alhaddad Zahrah Mohammed A. , Rabiah Ahoud Said M. , Albrahim Maryam Ali A. , Al Kalif Mohammed Sheker H. , Barry Mazin , Temsah Mohamad-Hani , Al-Kalaif Zahra Shaker H. , Shahadah Rubayyi Faris B. , Alharbi Khulud Khalid S. , Alnasser Aqeela Ali H.
Published: July 2021

Background

Antimicrobial resistance is a global issue that causes significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aims to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the general Saudi populations toward antibiotics use.

Design and method

A cross-sectional, anonymous online survey was conducted from January 1 to May 11, 2020, across five major regions of Saudi Arabia. Participants (aged ≥18 years) were invited through social media to complete an online self-structured questionnaire. All data were analyzed by Statistical Package (SPSS v. 25). Descriptive statistics, Pearson's Chi-squared, t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation analyses were conducted.

Results

Out of 443 participants, the majority (n=309, 69.8%) were females, 294 (64.4%) were married, 176 (39.7%) were 25-34 years of age, 338 (76.3%) were living in the Eastern Province, 313 (70.7%) had college or higher education, 139 (31.4%) were not working, and 163 (36.8%) had a monthly income of USD 800-1330. Overall, most participants demonstrated good knowledge and practice (88% and 85.6%, respectively). However, 76.8%had inadequate attitude score levels towards antibiotics use. Of all the respondents, 74.9% knew that not completing a full course of antibiotics may cause antibiotics resistance, 91.33% did not agree that antibiotics should be accessed without a prescription, and 94.04% will not hand over leftover antibiotics to family members. Factors associated with adequate knowledge were female, medical jobs, and higher income (p<0.05).

Conclusions

Our findings revealed that while most participants were aware of antibiotics use and demonstrated good knowledge, good practices, they had negative attitudes towards antibiotics use.
Unintentional Injury and its Determinants among Adolescents
Authors: Venkatashiva Reddy B , Pundhir Ashish , Gupta Arti
Published: July 2021

Background

Globally, unintentional injury has been a documented public health problem among adolescents having debilitating consequences and accountable for economic burden. The study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of unintentional injury, identify the determinants and consequences among adolescents.

Design and methods

This cross-sectional study recruited 222 adolescents using systematic random sampling from a site covered under UHTC Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarkhand. Binary and multivariate logistic regression was used to compute crude and adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for establishing an association between risk factors and unintentional injury. Descriptive measures (causes, consequences, etc.) describing injuries were presented in tabular, graphical form in proportions.

Results

73.1% of the adolescents suffered from unintentional injury. The risk factors associated (statistically insignificant) with unintentional injury was males (AOR=1.019, 95% CI=0.524-1.979), living in nuclear family (AOR=1.540, 95% C =0.766-3.093), smoked tobacco (AO=2.797, 95% CI=0.227-34.4377), visually impaired (AOR=1.629 95% CI=0.548-6.458) and living in house with overcrowding (AOR =1.66, 95% CI=0.818-3.395). Five percent of those affected with unintentional injury had disability.% of those affected with unintentional injury had disability.

Conclusions

Health education addressing causes, risk factors, consequences of unintentional injury among adolescents, parents, school, and district health authorities should be mandated for the formulation of policy to prevent unintentional injuries.
Characterization of genetic polymorphisms in oral cancer-related genes pertaining to oxidative stress, carcinogen detoxifying, and DNA repair
Authors: Tata Neville Hoshedar , Kshirsagar Ashok , Nangare Nitin
Published: July 2021

Background:

The genetic polymorphism in the DNA repair and maintenance genes leads to mutations and deregulated growth hormones which have implications in cancer. Apart from identified carcinogens such as tobacco, specific genetic polymorphisms correspond to an individual's risk of oral cancer. The current study aims at identification of differences in genetic polymorphisms in subjects with and without oral cancer in Karad, India.

Aim/Objectives:

The aim of the study was to characterize genetic polymorphisms in oral cancer-related genes pertaining to oxidative stress, carcinogen detoxifying, and DNA repair.

Methodology:

A hospital-based case–control was conducted with 150 subjects sorted into cases (n = 75) and controls (n = 75). The polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism assay was used to genotype the polymorphisms of selected DNA repair, detoxifying, and oxidative stress-related genes.

Results:

In the cases group, among the DNA repair set, Gene-1 (XRCC1), Gene-3 (XRCC3), Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group-D gene (XPD), and human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (hOGG1) showed significant genetic polymorphism. Similarly, the genetic polymorphism in the carcinogen detoxifying genes-n-acetyl transferase, GSTP1, and oxidative stress-related gene catalase were noted.

Statistical Analysis:

The Cramer's V/odds ratio was applied to estimate the association of genetic risk factors with oral cancer.

Conclusion:

The polymorphisms of XRCC1, XRCC3, XPD, and hOGG1 genes were associated with a higher susceptibility to oral cancer as compared to controls. This information may be a useful novel marker in oral oncology for primary prevention and intervention.
Micronucleus assay in the exfoliated cells of buccal mucosa of gasoline station workers in Tehran
Authors: Shahsavari Fatemeh , Mikaeli Sina , Ghorbanpour Maedeh
Published: July 2021

Objectives:

One of the most critical landmarks of DNA damage is the micronucleus assay. Enumeration of micronuclei contributes to the early diagnosis of precancerous lesions and cancers; however, there are few studies on the frequency of micronucleus in gasoline station workers. To the best of our knowledge, no study has addressed this issue in Iran. The present study aimed to determine the role of working in the gasoline stations of Tehran city on micronucleus frequency in buccal mucosa.

Materials and Methods:

In this historical cohort study, buccal mucosa samples were collected from 110 individuals working at gasoline stations and 100 unemployed persons using wet tongue depressors. After Papanicolaou staining, the percentage of cells containing micronucleus as well as the mean number of micronucleus in the micronucleated cells was reported. Student's t-test, Mann–Whitney test, and regression analyses were used to specify the effect of other variables on the frequency and mean number of micronucleus per cell.

Results:

The mean frequency of micronucleus in the case and control group was 29.8 ± 8.2 and 9.3 ± 3.2, respectively, which was statistically significant (P = 0.0001). Furthermore, the mean number of micronucleus in the micronucleated cells of buccal mucosa was significantly higher in individuals who were exposed to gasoline than the control group (P = 0.0001).

Conclusion:

The results indicated that exposure to gasoline could increase the frequency of micronucleus. It was also revealed that cigarette and hookah smoking and alcohol consumption, together with working in gasoline stations, increase micronucleus abundance, implying the cumulative carcinogenic effect of these factors.
Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes profile and response in neoadjuvant chemotherapy-treated triple-negative breast carcinoma patients
Authors: Ray Debadrita , Gupta Senjuti Das , De Arka , Jain Parul , Bhattacharya Nirmal Kumar , Biswas Pranab Kumar
Published: July 2021

Background:

Triple negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) has the highest mortality among all the breast carcinoma subtypes, but paradoxically, it shows the best response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) density has been shown to have prognostic significance in TNBC. However, there are limited data on TIL subpopulation and their association with response to NACT in TNBC.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 80 consecutive patients with TNBC prospectively diagnosed for two and half years, who underwent tru-cut biopsy before NACT, followed by subsequent definite surgical procedures. Global TIL profile and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, and CD56 were done on all baseline tru-cut biopsies and post-NACT surgical specimens.

Results:

Almost half the patients were postmenopausal with a mean age of 45.89 ± 4.62 years. The majority had low CD3, low CD4, low CD56, low CD20, and high CD8 positivity in both pre- and post-NACT specimens. On multivariate analysis, low CD3, CD4, CD56 and CD 20 were established as independent predictor of poor pathologic response (PR). Low CD4 (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 228.46) was associated with the highest OR for poor PR. Low CD8 was associated with significantly decreased odds of poor PR on univariate analysis (OR: 0.26), but it was not been established as an independent predictor of PR on multivariate logistic regression. NACT did not significantly alter the profile of TILs.

Conclusions:

TIL profile with low CD3, CD4, CD20, and CD56 expression predicts PR to NACT in TNBC and may thus help in prognostication of these patients.
Co-integration of Major Vegetable Markets in Punjab, India
Authors: Mohapatra Shruti
Published: July 2021

The present study was formulated to analyze the level of market integration in the major vegetable markets in Punjab. The study was undertaken on a macro framework based on data collected from secondary sources through employing different tests, namely Johansen co-integration test, Grangner causality test. The investigations of integration between sample markets indicated that in case of all of the vegetables the state markets are found to be well integrated among each other and also with the national market (New Delhi) with an exception in case of tomato where it was seen that there was not any integration found between Ludhiana and Jalandhar market which was due to communication problems and lack of market intelligence between those markets. Hence in order to continue the competitive condition of these markets there is need to strengthen the market intelligence and communication within markets so that a better platform could be placed for guiding the farmers in marketing their produce.
An Economic Analysis of Apple Cultivation in High Hills of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: s Samriti
Published: July 2021

The study was undertaken with the aim to work out the economics of apple cultivation in Himachal Pradesh. The blocks namely Rohru, Chopal, Nankhari and Anni from Shimla and Kullu districts were selected randomly and a sample of 144 units were chosen from the selected areas. Analysis of the results indicated that on an average, initial cost per hundred plants was ` 48097 and establishment cost ranged between ` 41323 and ` 64,530 for 2 to 6 years plants. Maintenance cost per hundred fruit-bearing plants was observed to be ` 106109 between 12 to 16 years in the high hills during the year 2019-2020. The net revenue calculated as ` 1.73 lakh and output-input ratio implied that each rupee spent would yield a profit of ` 1.63 in the study area.
Economic Problems of Our Time
Authors: Acocella Nicola
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we aim to look at the main problems which arose or aggravated in recent years, concerning the economic crisis, stagnation, inequalities, and globalisation, what we call ‘the terrible four’. These are partly old problems (and we trace them back in economic history), but they have become more profound in the last decades. Notwithstanding the fantasy of economists that has led to suggest the possibility to make use of new instruments of economic policy, some of them are politically constrained, which implies the impossibility for the Government to reach its economic policy targets. In fact, if the number of instruments is less than that of targets, the Government becomes a ‘lame duck’.
Impact of Front Line Demonstration to Transfer of Technology in Green Gram
Authors: Raut Yamini ,
Published: July 2021

Front line demonstration is an appropriate means for demonstration as well as the transfer of improved agricultural innovation to the farming community. Krishi Vigyan Kendra Shajapur has conducted a front line demonstration in farmer’s field during 2013-14 to 2018-19, in all 45 demonstrations on the Green gram to transfer the latest technology among the farmers of Shajapur district. The result revealed that the highest green gram yield was obtained in demonstrated plot with an average of 7.98 qt/ha compared to 5.89 qt/ha in farmer’s practice. Higher average net return (` 33274/ha) was obtained in the demonstration plots compared to farmers’ practice plot (` 23003.66/ha). The average B:C ratio was calculated 3.39 in demonstrated plot compared to 2.77 in farmer’s plot. This can be attributed to improved technology as well as improved varieties. The yield level was considerably low under local practices because of considerable variation in the extent of adoption of recommended practices depending upon the amount of risk involved in terms of cost convenience, skill and knowledge about the concerned practices. The productivity was better over local practices under demonstration. Hence, Green gram production technology has a broad scope for increasing the area and production of Green gram.
Supply Chain Management of Litchi: A Case Study in Sonitpur District of Assam
Authors: Acharjee Gokul ,
Published: July 2021

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn), an important sub-tropical evergreen fruit crop belonging to family Sapindaceae, is believed to have originated in China, where it has been grown in Southern Guangdong state for thousands of years. It is highly specific to climatic requirements and probably due to this reason its cultivation is restricted to few countries in the world. In India, litchi was introduced in the 18th century through Burma, and from there, it spread to many countries. India and China account for 91 percent of the world litchi production. Litchi is one of the important fruit crop commercially grown in Assam. Due to its perishable nature and having very short shelf life, Supply Chain Management (SCM) plays a vital role. Though India is an agrarian economy the business faces various challenges in terms of infrastructure facilities. The present article is an attempt to explain the production, distribution and Supply chain management of Litchi in Sonitpur District of Assam. Most of the litchi growers belong to marginal and small category. Hence, the involvement of marginal farmers is more in Litchi plantation as compared to other category of farmers. Major share of produce traded through market intermediaries. The linear trend model was used to check the dynamicity of the area and production data of Litchi in India. Due to perishable in nature, the litchi farmers are suffering severely due to wastage of litchi throughout the intermittent steps in existing supply chain of litchi.
Resource Productivity Analysis of Organic Turmeric Production in Surkhet District, Nepal
Authors: Acharya Suraj ,
Published: July 2021

This study was conducted in 2020 to determine the profitability and productivity of organic turmeric production in the Surkhet district of Mid-western Nepal. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 60 farmers and two focus group discussions were held in four different communities. Turmeric is commonly utilized among Nepalese households in the preparation of curries and is considered one of Nepal’s top five major spice crops. Despite being one of the top five-spice crops, Nepal’s dependency on imported turmeric has been growing every year to meet domestic demand due to the gradual decline in domestic production. The simple descriptive and statistical tools including the Cobb-Douglas production function and benefit-cost analysis were used to analyze the result. The benefit-cost ratio was found to be 1.20, indicating that organic turmeric production was a low profitability sub-sector with a productivity of only 9.06 metric tons per hectare. The Cobb- Douglas production function showed that the cost on seed had a non-significant effect on gross returns and other costs like human labour cost, organic manure cost, ploughing cost, and other costs (agriculture equipment, thread, sack/doko, and rhizome treatment) were found statistically significant. Return to scale was calculated using the Cobb- Douglas production function and it was found to be 0.363, indicating that a 10% increase in the cost of production increases the rate of return by 3.63%, which is a diminishing rate of return. As a result, replacing human labour with agricultural machinery, lowering seed costs, and ensuring appropriate market prices are required to boost the productivity and profitability of organic turmeric production in the research area.
Constraints Perceived by the Members and Non-members towards Functioning of FPO-AKPCL in Kannauj District of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Verma Ashwani Kumar ,
Published: July 2021

Collectivization of primary producers, minimal and marginal into farmer’s producer organizations has emerged as one of the most successful ways to tackle the many challenges of agriculture. Most importantly, FPO improved the access of farmers towards investments, technology and inputs, and markets. This study was conducted in the Kannauj district of Uttar Pradesh. Total seven FPOs were functioning in Kannauj district. Out of seven, one FPO, namely Ausher Kissan Producer Company Limited (AKPCL) was selected purposively because of its functional superiority over others. Data were collected by using a well-structured interview schedule. A total of 20 members and 40 non-member farmers were randomly sampled in the functional area of FPO-AKPCL to delineate the constraints faced by them. The results revealed that inadequate storage facilities, shortage of transportation facilities, lack of grading and packaging skills, revelry among members to achieve key positions in the organization, and challenging each other for key positions in the group were the significant constraints faced by the member farmers. Lack of well-developed storage facilities, lack of well-developed processing facilities, lack of awareness about grading and packaging, high cost of labor, and price fluctuation every year were the major constraints faced by the member as well as non-member farmers of FPO. It can be concluded that by removing above hurdles’, many help enable farmers’ access to the markets through FPOs, both as buyers and sellers, thereby improving farmers’ income.
"Comparative Economics of Zero Budget Natural Farming with Conventional Farming Systems in Northern Dry Zone (Zone-3) of Karnataka"
Authors: H.B., Babalad,
Published: July 2021

The present study was initiated during 2019-20 to illustrate the comparison between zero budget natural farming and conventional farming systems in terms of the economics of selected major crops cultivated under ZBNF system in the Northern Dry Zone of Karnataka. In order to identify main differences between natural and conventional farming practices, descriptive statistics have been used to analyze the primary data collected from 80 farmers across the 8 districts of the northern dry zone of Karnataka. The study was planned to highlight the main characteristics of those two systems to address the differences in cost and returns. The results revealed that the total cost under ZBNF was observed to be lower than the conventional farming system. The average yield realized under ZBNF system was slightly lower than a conventional farming system in all the crops except foxtail millet. This is clearly indicated that the ZBNF system was performed well in millets cultivation under the rainfed situation. And around 92 percent of the farmers experienced that, the cost of cultivation under ZBNF was minimized. Further, the study highlighted a statistically significant difference between ZBNF and conventional yield levels, cost of cultivation, and income at multiple locations. According to the ’farmer’s opinion, most farmers opined that the pest and disease were unable to manage in ZBNF.
Editorial
Authors: Sarkar Debashis
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted labour markets globally during 2020. The short-term consequences were sudden and often severe. Millions of people were furloughed or lost jobs, and others rapidly adjusted to working from home as offices closed. Many other workers were deemed essential and continued to work in hospitals and grocery stores, on garbage trucks and in warehouses, yet under new protocols to reduce the spread of the novel coronavirus.
"Factors Affecting Production of Cereal Crops in Rajasthan: The Cobb-Douglas Analysis"
Authors: Verma Devendra Kumar
Published: July 2021

Indian Economy is an emerging economy, but it is still an agricultural economy because most people earn their livelihood from agriculture. The present study was carried out to determine the factors affecting cereals production in Rajasthan. This paper is based on secondary data and inputs such as seed, fertilizer, manure, human labor, irrigation, bullock labor, and plant protection collected over the years i.e.; from 2000-01 to 2015-16. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used to estimate elasticities of selected variables contributing to the production of cereals in Rajasthan state and assess the effects of seed, fertilizer, manure, human labor, irrigation, bullock labor, and plant protection measures on cereals production. The results from the study have shown that seed, fertilizer, and irrigation water were positively significant. At the same time, the variable corresponding to plant protection measures was significantly negative, affecting wheat production. The variables such as seed and fertilizer were found positive and significant while human labor measures significantly negatively affected barley. Only two variables, namely human labor and irrigation water, were found positively significant in the production of maize. In contrast, seed, bullock labor, and plant protection measures were found to be negatively non-significant contributing factors. The variables such as seed and fertilizer were found to have a significantly positive effect on bajra production. In contrast, bullock labor and plant protection measures were negatively non non-significant contributing factors.
Export Performance of Fresh Mangoes from India
Authors: Surendra Kuthe ,
Published: July 2021

The status of fresh mangoes in respect of its export from India was studied for the period from the year 2008-09 to 2019-20 concerning significant export destinations. Status was examined by estimating mean, compound growth rate (CGR), instability, and diversification. Ray method was used to estimate the instability and diversification status was examined with the help of the Simpson Index of Diversification. Compound Growth Rate (CGR) was estimated by employing the best fit, functional form to the export data. United Arab Emirates, Bangladesh Pr, United Kingdom, Nepal, and Saudi Arab were the major export destinations of fresh mangoes from India in terms of quantity and value during the study period. Average growth in this export sector was 0.97 and 1.79 percent w.r.t. quantity and value, respectively. High growth coupled with moderate instability was observed. A moderate level of instability was observed at an overall level. During the year 2008-09 to 2019-20, lots of variation was observed in the level of diversification.
Is a World Price Influencing Indian Vegetable Oil Market? Evidence from Historical Prices
Authors: Nayak Akshata ,
Published: July 2021

India is one of the leading producers and consumers of vegetable oils in the world. The integration of ’India’s edible oils markets with international oil markets (Rotterdam market) is studied with the overall objective of establishing long-run relationship and direction of causality. Keeping in view of the quantum of arrivals, five major domestic wholesale markets and one international market each for groundnut, soybean, and sunflower were selected. Johansen’s cointegration test revealed the prevalence of long-run relationships across the markets. In the case of groundnut oil, Rotterdam market prices are influenced by only Delhi market, whereas all selected domestic markets influence the latter. The results of causality in soybean markets confirmed a unidirectional relationship between all the domestic markets with the international market except Jaipur market, which has a bidirectional relationship with the international market. Hyderabad and Vijayawada sunflower market prices influenced the international market. The suggested policy intervention is to strengthen market intelligence for farmers by establishing online market analysis and dissemination system. The development/strengthening of market infrastructure, including communication, transportation, and storage networks, is mandatory to fully integrate the markets.
An Inter-District Analysis of Instability and Sustainability for Major Crops in Haryana
Authors: Devi Monika ,
Published: July 2021

Increased volatility in farm production and sustainability of crops is a growing concern issue, and state-level analysis cannot reflect a complete scenario of volatile production behavior of different crops so district level study is taken up in this article. The study has estimated instability and sustainability in three major crops in the last three decades at district levels in Haryana. It was observed that Gram crop area is declining in every district at a very rapid pace. Cotton and mustard have seen facing severe ups and downs throughout the study period. To meet the demand of food and nutritional security, sustainable production is required and selected crops yield sustainability. Udemand of food and nutritional security, sustainable production is required, and selected crops yield sustainability was estimated using several sustainability indices at the district level.
Poverty Situation in Tribal and Non-tribal Area of Gujarat, India
Authors: Macwan Jignesh
Published: July 2021

The present investigation undertook to study the extent of poverty in the tribal and non-tribal areas applying the FGT index. Results showed that overall poverty was higher in the tribal area as compared to non-tribal areas. Among farm sectors in the tribal and non-tribal area, the highest poverty in marginal farm households was followed by landless agricultural labors and small farm households. The overall poverty gap index revealed, on average, 11 percent and 4 percent of the poverty line cash transfer needed to lift each poor person out of poverty in tribal and non-tribal areas, respectively. The value of the squared poverty gap index showed poverty was less severe in non-tribal areas. The poverty line’s average expenditure gap shows poor of tribal areas were more flawed than the poor of non-tribal regions in Central Gujarat. Overall expenditure of poor households on food items constituted maximum share followed by non-food items, medical and education in the tribal and non-tribal area. In tribal regions, both poor and non-poor people were spending more on intoxicant and tobacco products than non-tribal areas. The government should give regular employment to inadequate household programs like MGNREGA. There is a dire need to make an awareness program to control the use of intoxicants and tobacco in general for both the area and particularly in tribal areas because they were spending more on these items.
Editorial
Authors: Messias de Souza Ferreira da Costa Ana Carolina
Published: July 2021

Editorial
Nutricionista otimizando a qualidade de vida do paciente oncológico
Authors: Ferreira Rhaissa Pinheiro , Monteiro Mayla Karla de Souza
Published: July 2021

RESUMO

A intervenção nutricional adequada promove bem-estar, controle de sintomas e melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Logo, o nutricionista deve orientar o paciente e sua família sobre a terapia nutricional em uso, além de fornecer orientações e esclarecimentos, a fim de prolongar a sobrevida, reduzir a perda de peso e melhorar a qualidade de vida.

 

ABSTRACT

The adequate nutritional intervention promotes well-being, control of symptoms and improvement of the quality of life of patients. Therefore, the nutritionist should guide the patient and his family about the nutritional therapy being used, in addition to providing guidance and clarification, in order to prolong survival, reduce weight loss and improve quality of life.
Las mujeres y la economía social y solidaria: construyendo una nueva economía
Authors: Rangel Gómez Sheila Janet , Rea García Fernando Fredi , Navas-Montes Yonaiker del Mar
Published: July 2021

RESUMEN

A lo largo de la historia, sobre todo en el ámbito local, el papel que llevaron a cabo las mujeres fue el de ser amas de casa, madres y esposas, además de proveer de alimentos. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha discutido y estudiado sobre si estas actividades son parte de lo privado y reproductivo o realmente pertenecen a lo público y productivo. Es así como, desde la perspectiva de género y de la economía feminista se pueden analizar estas proposiciones y visualizar los papeles que se designan a los hombres y a las mujeres en una sociedad, para de esta manera determinar las formas de comportamiento en lo social, jurídico, económico, cultural o en la vida cotidiana y rastrear el origen de tales condiciones.

La presente investigación utiliza la metodología del análisis bibliográfico, mediante el cual se recopila el concepto y teória de la Economía Social y Solidaria y su conexión con la Economía Feminista, que, en conclusión, logran complementar y apuestan por una reorganización del trabajo en el que se valorice el trabajo de las mujeres en particular reconociendo la construcción de una nueva economía.

 

ABSTRACT

Throughout history, especially at the local level, the role of women was to be housewives, mothers and wives, as well as providing food. However, in recent years there has been discussion and study of whether these activities are part of the private and reproductive or actually belong to the public and productive. This is how, from the perspective of gender and the feminist economy, these proposals can be analyzed and the roles that men and women are appointed in a society, in order to determine the forms of behavior in the social, legal, economic, cultural or daily life and trace the origin of such conditions.

This research uses the methodology of bibliographic analysis, which collects the concept and theory of the Social and Solidarity Economy and its connection with the Feminist Economy, which, in conclusion, succeed in complementing and committed to a reorganization of work in which the work of women in particular is valued recognizing the construction of a new economy.
Typology of Slavic languages
Authors: Manoucharyan Ivetta
Published: July 2021

The book provides with a description of the Slavic world: Slavic countries, Slavic peoples, systems of Slavic writing. A typological description of modern Slavic languages is presented: their lexical, phonetic, grammatical features are considered, including some categories of sentences and text. The study is implemented in a comparative historical aspect, which makes it possible to identify universals and individuals, the logic and dynamics of their appearance and preservation in the linguistic systems of the Slavic world. The book is addressed to bachelors and masters, PhD students of philological faculties, linguists, as well as everyone who is interested in the Slavic world and the problems of Slavic linguistics.
Georgia and Armenia between apathy and revolution: Civic culture and stability of grey zone regimes
Authors: Brunnbauer Susanne
Published: July 2021

The declaration of the ‘end of the transition paradigm’ at the dawn of the new millennium provoked a rethinking in transformation theory, as it challenged the dichotomy of democratic and authoritarian systems and the ‘finality’ of transformation. This study contributes to the debate on hybrid political systems, critically assessing established theoretical models of political cul-ture and stability with a view to their applicability in the post-Soviet environment. On the basis of comprehensive field research, the study compares Georgia and Armenia as most similar cases, which inherited similar legacies from their common Soviet past but showed different developments of regime persistence, instability and democratization processes since gaining independence and sovereignty. While Georgia experienced ups and downs of its democratization efforts, Armenia was considered a stable semi-consolidated authoritarian system until the Velvet Revolution, which can be regarded as an important ‘reset’ in Armenia’s recent history. In a comparative approach this study analyses critical hues of stability in the political ‘grey zone’ while concentrating on the intermediary structure of both countries. Given its mediating function within the political system, the intermediary sphere of civil society actors and political elites instructively reflects the (dis)connect between citizens and the state. Focusing the analysis on the intermediary sphere provides valuable insights into the dynamics of political processes and decision-making, the articulation of interests independent from the state and the formation and recruitment of elites. By taking a critical look at the very constitution of the nexus of political elites and civil society as well as interlinkages and impacts, the major finding is that the mutual influence of political culture and political structure on stability can be confirmed in both countries’ context. Thereby, the study identifies key differences in regime configurations that impact persistence in the political grey zone.
Insurance Sector Development and Economic Growth in Nigeria, 1980 –2014
Authors:   Department of Finance and Banking, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, Uzoma Makwe, Emmanuel
Published: July 2021

This study was carried out to determine the effect of insurance sector development on the economic growth of Nigeria. Consequently, three hypotheses were designed to guide the researcher and data were drawn from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin which covered a thirty five (35) years period between 1980 to 2014. The hypotheses were tested using ordinary least square regression analysis and the econometrics co integration test and the result revealed that; there is a positive and significant relationship between insurance premium and economic growth in Nigeria; there is a positive and significant relationship between insurance claims and gross domestic product of Nigeria; there is a positive and significant relationship between insurance investments and economic growth in Nigeria. Based on the results, the researcher thus recommended the following amongst others; Government should Provide institutional improvements by making better laws and policies that will not only encourage fair play but also help to attract international players in the industry; Government should also provide information and education to the populace on the importance of acquiring insurance cover in order to be protected; Increasing efficiency, especially in risk management, and product development.
Analysis of the Role of the Public Prosecutors on the Action of the Ship Sunning in Fishery
Authors:   Master & Faculty of Law Study Program “Veteran” National Development University Jakarta, Pailalah Ines Rachmawati
Published: July 2021

Indonesia's natural wealth in the form of very wide waters so that the potential in it in the form of a wealth of aquatic ecosystems, both the wealth of flora and fauna in it poses a threat of illegal fishing. The crime prevention is carried out through 2 (two) efforts, namely penal efforts and non-penal efforts, namely: With the enactment of Law Number 45 of 2009 concerning Amendments to Law Number 31 of 2004 concerning Fisheries, and other related laws and regulations. And Application, namely through the process of investigation, investigation, prosecution, and court. With the new legal umbrella, it is hoped that there will be strong coordination between institutions that have the authority to enforce law in the field of fisheries in order to achieve the ideals of the world maritime axis state and create protection for Indonesia's water rich ecosystems, as well as protection for Indonesian fishermen who depend on the fishery sector for their livelihood. to protect Indonesian waters from being exploited by fishermen from other countries because Indonesia's wealth must be fully utilized for the prosperity and welfare of the Indonesian people, giving other countries because Indonesia's wealth must be fully utilized for the prosperity and welfare of the Indonesian people. In the rules governing the authority given to investigators, namely Prosecutors, Police, Military, Bakamla, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries to sink/burn foreign-flagged vessels based on court decisions with permanent legal force as regulated in Law Number 45 of 2009 concerning Fisheries. This research is a normative legal research with the Statute Approach, Case Approach and Conceptual Approach. The results of this paper explain that the sinking/burning of a foreign-flagged ship by investigators is based on a court decision, aimed at safeguarding the sovereignty of Indonesian waters.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Immunological Markers for Detection of Allergens by Poly Check Techniques among Patients with Bronchial Asthma in Basrah, Southren of Iraq
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, University of Basrah, College of medicine, Basrah, Iraq, AlSaimary Ihsan E , Hmood Mezban Falih ,   Department of Microbiology, University of Basrah, College of medicine, Basrah, Iraq
Published: July 2021

This study aimed to estimate specific IgE by poly check technique against various allergens. In the present study 56 environmental allergens (food, fungal, agricultural, and aeroallergens) were tested against specific IgE. This study found a very high significant allergen – specific IgE reactions with a high degrees mediated a various forms of hypersensitivity is sever in 4 and 5 stage of age groups to males asthma patients, in allergens except Cat Ep. While in females recorded severe hypersensitivity in 2, 3 and 4 stage of age groups, in allergens except cat. Ep., Plantain, hazel pollen. And Alder pollen.
From Nutrigenomics to Microbiomics: New Interpretations
Authors:   Representative Lipotech, 56022 Castelfranco di Sotto (PI), Via dei Lazzeri, Italy, Riccardi Bruno , Resta Sergio ,   Surgeon, general surgery specialist, freelancer , 53043 Chiusi (SI), Via Montegrappa, Italy, Fabbroni Roberto ,   Scientific Director of I.B.I. (Istituto di Biofisica Informazionale), Italy
Published: July 2021

In this work we analyze the current interpretations based on the studies of Nutrigenomic and Microbiomics, according to which, at the base of many pathological and dysmetabolic manifestations, there would be or variations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (Snps), in the Nutrigenomic vision, or changes of the normal gut microbiota, in the Microbiomic conception. In particular, we analyze critically, the singular pathogenic coincidence, which for the same pathologies calls into question or Snps mutations or the presence of specific modifications of the Microbiota. Other possible causes of observed diseases are thus neglected. On the basis of the literature examined, we present a different interpretation of pathogenic causes.
Preliminary Study on the Homeostatic Role of Organic Silicon and Trace Elements for Osteoarticular Well-Being
Authors:   Biologist 56022 Castelfranco di Sotto (Pisa), via dei lazzeri, Italy, Riccardi Bruno , Resta Sergio ,   General Surgery Specialist, freelancer, 53043 Chiusi (SI), Via Montegrappa, Italy, Storelli Rita ,   Chemist , 53043 Chiusi (SI), Via Montegrappa, Italy
Published: July 2021

Numerous evidence and clinical trials have been published in recent years on the role of silicon for the maintenance of general well-being and of bones in particular. However, no study has so far investigated which fundamental contribution to health could provide silicon when taken with other trace elements in cases, very frequent, of their insufficient contribution. In this work we present a preliminary open-air study on a group of patients, using an original and innovative formulation containing organic SI G5 plus other trace elements, for the prevention and treatment of osteoarticular diseases of various origins.
Primary Angiosarcoma of Breast – A Rare Case Presentation
Authors:   Primary Angiosarcoma of Breast – A Rare Case Presentation, Prachi Prachi , Sharma Gaurav ,   Senior Consultant, Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, New Delhi, India
Published: July 2021

Breast sarcomas are histologically heterogenous group of non- epithelial malignancies arising from mesenchymal component of the breast. Angiosarcoma of the breast constitutes 1 % of all soft tissue tumour of the breast and primary angiosarcoma is an extremely rare entity with an incidence of 0.05% of all the breast tumour. We report a case of primary angiosarcoma of the breast in a 57 year old woman, with no previous radiotherapy and is treated with breast conservative surgery.
Malignant Arrhythmia in Acute Conus Artery Occlusion
Authors:   Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, Romania, Calmac Lucian , Horodinschi Ruxandra-Nicoleta ,   University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2021

We present the case of a 74 y.o. woman with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, admitted for worsening angina over the past three weeks. On admission she had no significant electrocardiographic and echocardiographic changes and a negative Troponin test. Coronary angiography revealed single vessel disease: severe stenosis of the right coronary artery (RCA) ostium (difficult to assess visually), 50% mid-vessel and 60% distal segment. The left anterior descending artery and circumflex artery had non-significant stenoses. Fractional flow reserve technique (FFR) was used to evaluate the RCA ostial lesion which proved to be significant, therefore angioplasty with three drug-eluting stents was performed for all three lesions of the right coronary artery, starting from the ostium. Due to its location, minimal aortic protrusion of the first stent occluded a small ostial branch which proved to be the conus artery and the patient developed mild transient angina during the procedure, but with good outcome regarding the intracoronary flow. After the angioplasty the patient presented anterior leads ST-elevation and developed mild chest pain with an increase in cardiac enzymes (CK-MB peak 39 U/L). Later on, she had two episodes of ventricular fibrillation with rapid defibrillation to sinus rhythm, with no further events or echocardiographic changes and no recurrent angina. The patient was started on amiodarone to prevent ventricular arrhythmias and continued double antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel. She was discharged six days later. In conclusion, although the conus branch is a small artery, its acute occlusion can have significant life-threatening complications.