bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Edukasi Dan Pemeriksaan Gizi Anak: Upaya Melawan Stunting Di Indonesia
Authors: Widjaja Rinawaty , Setiawan Tjutjun , Yulianto Tomi , Kuntari Valentina D
Published: December 2024

The problem of stunting is a major concern in many countries, and has even become a global problem where the prevalence of stunting is still high even though there has been a decline. In Indonesia, stunting is still a big problem with a national prevalence of around 37% in children under five years. Efforts by the government and various parties to reduce stunting rates continue to be carried out through various programs and interventions. What are effective ways to prevent stunting in children, and what has been done to reduce the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia? This research aims to educate the public, especially mothers, about the importance of paying attention to children's nutrition and steps to prevent stunting, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of community service activities in reducing stunting rates. Community service activities are packaged in the 2023 People's Festival which involves distributing necessities, a bazaar and nutrition education. Stunting examinations are carried out free of charge by the medical team. Education to the public regarding nutrition and stunting prevention is the main focus of this event. Report writing uses qualitative descriptive methods supported by literature references from journals, books and other trusted sources to ensure scientific validity. Stunting prevention must be carried out from the time of pregnancy by meeting nutritional needs, providing exclusive breastfeeding, and ensuring healthy complementary breast milk (MPASI) foods. Public health education and regular child health checks are crucial for early detection and prevention of stunting. Community service activities such as the 2023 People's Festival can increase public awareness and knowledge about the importance of child nutrition and steps to prevent stunting.
Inovasi Manajemen Perubahan Melalui Transformasi Digital di BPJS Kesehatan
Authors: Muhammad Zamzami  , Ari Anggarani
Published: December 2024

Transformasi digital telah menjadi pusat perhatian banyak organisasi, termasuk BPJS Kesehatan, dalam upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kualitas layanan. Dalam konteks BPJS Kesehatan, inovasi manajemen perubahan melalui transformasi digital menjadi kunci dalam menghadapi tantangan-tantangan yang ada, terutama dalam menyediakan layanan kesehatan yang andal dan terjangkau bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui inovasi manajemen perubahan apa saja yang sudah dilakukan BPJS Kesehatan dalam melakukan transformasi digital. Melalui metode penelitian pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, diperoleh kesimpulan BPJS Kesehatan telah menerapkan strategi transformasi digital melalui pengembangan aplikasi Mobile JKN, Antrean Online, Pelayanan Administrasi Melalui WA (PANDAWA), dan Care Center 165. BPJS Kesehatan berhasil meningkatkan aksesibilitas layanan bagi peserta JKN, mempercepat proses administrasi, dan meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna secara keseluruhan yang lebih efektif dan efisien.
Pengaruh Peran Gosip Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Karyawan di Unit Pengembangan Humaniora Universitas X Bandung
Authors: Hanna Thresya  , Ivan Gumilar Sambas Putra
Published: December 2024

Komunikasi dalam lingkup pekerjaan memiliki peran vital. Karyawan seringkali menghadapi kekurangan informasi yang diperlukan, sehingga terkadang mencari informasi tambahan melalui gosip. Namun, informasi dari gosip belum tentu benar dan dapat menimbulkan kecemasan serta mengurangi motivasi kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh peran gosip terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan di Unit Pengembangan Humaniora Universitas X Bandung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif verifikatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran gosip di unit tersebut dapat dikategorikan baik, sedangkan motivasi kerja karyawan cenderung tinggi. Korelasi antara peran gosip dan motivasi kerja menunjukkan hubungan yang kuat. Meskipun peran gosip mempengaruhi motivasi kerja sebesar 40,1%, faktor lain seperti promosi, disiplin, dan upah juga turut memengaruhi. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa peran gosip memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi kerja karyawan.
Peran Budaya Organisasi Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan di Pelayanan Kesehatan
Authors: Wenny Virtadaniati  , Ari Anggarani
Published: December 2024

Untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan agar lebih efektif dan efisien, penting bagi organisasi untuk memiliki budaya organisasi sebagai panduan kerja. Setiap organisasi memiliki budaya tersendiri yang menjadi norma atau kebiasaan dalam lingkungan kerjanya. Budaya organisasi adalah serangkaian aturan atau nilai yang harus diikuti oleh semua anggota organisasi, dengan tujuan memengaruhi cara mereka bekerja dan berinteraksi, serta membentuk karakteristik individu dalam menjalankan tugas dan tanggung jawab mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran budaya organisasi dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan, khususnya di pelayanan Kesehatan. Metode penelitian melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, yang diperoleh kesimpulan (1) Budaya organisasi dan kinerja karyawan adalah dua elemen yang sangat penting dalam sebuah organisasi dan tidak dapat dipisahkan. Budaya organisasi mencakup kebiasaan, nilai-nilai, norma-norma, dan kebijakan-kebijakan yang diarahkan kepada seluruh sumber daya manusia dalam organisasi. Tujuannya adalah agar mereka dapat bekerja sesuai dengan standar organisasi dan membantu mendorong organisasi menuju arah kemajuan (2) Peran budaya dalam meningkatkan kinerja di pelayanan itu diperlukan (3) Budaya organisasi, terutama dalam dimensi clan culture, adhocracy culture, market culture, dan hierarchy culture, memiliki pengaruh yang tinggi atau sangat berdampak terhadap kinerja karyawan, termasuk dalam hal kualitas kerja, kuantitas kerja, dan ketepatan waktu.(4) Dengan adanya budaya organisasi yang baik, komitmen terhadap organisasi dapat ditingkatkan, dan ini dapat berkontribusi pada kesuksesan Perusahaan.
The Influence Of Knowledge Sharing And Innovative Behavior On Team Innovation In Microfinance Institutions
Authors: Muhammad Ras Muis  , Toman Sony Tambunan
Published: December 2024

Team innovation in microfinance institutions lies in the quality of human resources. The rapidly changing times that occur must be able to be anticipated with quality innovation. The quality of human resources can be seen from the ability of employees to share knowledge and behave innovatively and can be assessed from the team innovation that occurs in the institution or organization. The population of this research is employees who work in the microfinance industry with a population of 2100. A sample of 300 employees was taken using the proportional stratified random sampling method. The data collection technique is by distributing questionnaires to all respondents. The data analysis method used is SEM (Structural Equation Modeling), with the Smart PLS program. This team's innovation concept will provide insight and guidance for employees to be able to increase the competitiveness and existence of Microfinance Institutions now and in the future.
Public University Student Autonomy in the Malaysian Legal Framework: An Overview
Authors: Ismail Suharmi , Mustafa Nurulhuda Adabiah , Razak Efferul Mifzal Abdul , Hassim Jady Zaidi
Published: December 2024

The government often regulates university activities and causes the erosion of academic freedom. Students’ rights are curtailed in participating in political parties. Students at universities are also limited by a variety of other factors, such as their inability to express opinions about subjects unrelated to their field of study. Additionally, it is also forbidden for students to raise money for extracurricular activities like associations unless the vice chancellor gives prior consent. Section 15 and section 15A which were respectively introduced in 1971 and 1975 to restrict student mobility. Such policy setting causes students’ rights to speech and mobility be systematically controlled. However, the 2024 amendment of Section 15A has given more freedom to students in collecting and receiving money. This paper adopts the qualitative doctrinal approach where the analysis of the provisions in Universities and University Colleges Act 1971 (Act 30). This paper suggests for the amendments to Act 30 to include a provision stating that universities incorporated under the Act have autonomy and academic freedom. In addition, it is necessary to include a provision stating that Statutory Bodies (Discipline and Surcharge) Act 2000 (Act 605) does not apply to universities established under Act 30.
Nghiên cứu khả năng tích hợp sản xuất các sản phẩm hóa dầu với Nhà máy Lọc dầu Dung Quất từ nguồn khí, condensate/ LPG khu vực miền Trung
Authors: Le Duong Hai  , Tran Vinh Loc  , Huynh Minh Thuan  , Nguyen Dai Long  , Truong Van Nhan  , Cao Hoang Canh Duong  , Pham Thanh Hai  , Dinh Van Nhan
Published: December 2024

Các nguồn nguyên liệu hóa dầu tiềm năng nhất có thể sử dụng để phát triển hóa dầu tại khu vực miền Trung gồm LPG, condensate (từ mỏ khí Kèn Bầu), condensate (từ mỏ khí Cá Voi Xanh), LPG, propylene và naphtha nhẹ (từ Nhà máy Lọc dầu Dung Quất). Việc sản xuất các sản phẩm hóa dầu đang thiếu hụt lớn ở thị trường Việt Nam và có xu hướng phát triển trong tương lai (gồm PE, PP, PS, ABS và SBR) đòi hỏi vốn đầu tư tương đối lớn, dao động trong khoảng 5 - 7 tỷ USD. Phương án sử dụng toàn bộ nguồn condensate, LPG được sản xuất từ các mỏ khí Kèn Bầu - Đàn Đáy, Cá Voi Xanh và Nhà máy Lọc dầu Dung Quất có hiệu quả kinh tế cao nhất với IRR đạt 11,4%.
Nghiên cứu ứng dụng robot và phương pháp kiểm tra không phá hủy trong đánh giá ăn mòn bồn chứa nhiên liệu
Authors: Nguyen Thi Lan  , Huynh Khac Tam  , Thai Lam Cuong Quoc
Published: December 2024

Hiện tượng ăn mòn và nứt gãy trên bồn chứa nhiên liệu hoặc hệ thống đường ống dầu khí có thể gây hậu quả nghiêm trọng đến con người và môi trường. Nghiên cứu này giới thiệu và phân tích các loại robot leo bồn trụ đứng kết hợp với các phương pháp kiểm tra không phá hủy (NDT) trong công tác khảo sát, đánh giá ăn mòn bồn chứa nhiên liệu. Từ việc phân tích ưu nhược điểm của từng phương pháp, nhóm tác giả đề xuất giải pháp tích hợp robot leo bồn chứa hình trụ đứng và phương pháp NDT phù hợp để kiểm tra ăn mòn tại hệ thống bồn chứa nhiên liệu tại các đơn vị thành viên của Tập đoàn Dầu khí Việt Nam (Petrovietnam).
Nghiên cứu chế tạo và ứng dụng màng chọn lọc trong thu hồi hơi xăng dầu
Authors: Duong Chi Trung  , Nguyen Thi Binh  , Phan Minh Quoc Binh  , Do Ngoc Vinh
Published: December 2024

Bài viết trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu phát triển màng chọn lọc để tách hydrocarbon từ hỗn hợp với không khí, sử dụng phương pháp phủ lớp chọn lọc lên lớp chất nền và đóng gói dạng xoắn ốc (spiral wound) để ứng dụng trong hệ thống thu hồi hơi xăng tại các cửa hàng xăng dầu. Màng được chế tạo từ tấm nền PTFE 0,45 µm với lớp phủ RTV 828 có khả năng chọn lọc và độ thấm cao, quy trình đơn giản, chi phí thấp và khả năng sản xuất quy mô lớn. Kết quả thử nghiệm trong hệ thống thu hồi hơi xăng cho thấy hiệu suất thu hồi trên 90%, mở ra triển vọng ứng dụng trong công nghiệp và bảo vệ môi trường.
Обзор инструментов для анализа статистических данных института информационных технологий и анализа данных
Authors: Цехмайстер А. А. , Харахинов В. А.
Published: December 2024

В статье описаны инструменты анализа и представления статистических данных, подходящие для института информационных технологий и анализа данных Иркутского национального исследовательского технического университета. Рассмотрены такие инструменты для анализа и визуализации, как языки программирования Python, R и платформа Grafana. Python обладает обширным набором библиотек и фреймворков, предлагая множество инструментов для анализа данных, включая NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn, Scikit-learn и другие. Эти библиотеки упрощают работу с данными, предоставляя функции для их обработки, анализа и визуализации. R также располагает большим количеством пакетов, которые можно установить из CRAN (Comprehensive R Archive Network) или других репозиториев. Grafana - инструмент для анализа и визуализации данных, позволяющий отслеживать и анализировать метрики в режиме реального времени. Он широко применяется в различных областях, таких как DevOps, мониторинг инфраструктуры, бизнес-аналитика и др. Основные преимущества Grafana включают поддержку различных источников данных, возможность создания динамических дашбордов, а также свободную интеграцию с другими сервисами, что позволяет автоматизировать процессы мониторинга и оповещения. В статье приведен сравнительный анализ вышеперечисленных программных средств. Анализ выполнен с учетом специфики данных, относящихся к образовательному процессу. Примерами таких данных служит информация о студентах, преподавателях и образовательных программах.
A klinikai kommunikáció fejlesztésének eszközei: empátiatérkép és empátiaskála
Authors: Szalai-Szolcsányi Judit , Hegedűs Anita , Eklics Kata
Published: December 2024

Az empátia szerepe a betegközpontú ellátásban kiemelt jelentőségű. Az egészségügyi szakemberek és az orvostanhallgatók empátiaszintje azonban jelenleg nem optimális. Az „Empatikus és asszertív kommunikáció a klinikai gyakorlatban” kurzus célja, hogy az empatikus kommunikáció fejlesztésével az empátia szintje optimálissá válhasson az orvostanhallgatók körében. Az empátiatérkép egy olyan eszköz, amely segít megérteni egy másik személy nézőpontját. A vizsgálat résztvevői harmad-, negyed-, ötödéves orvostanhallgatók. Az „Empatikus és asszertív kommunikáció a klinikai gyakorlatban” című kurzus keretében az orvostanhallgatók olyan szimulációs orvosi eseteket dolgoztak fel, melyekben a beteg ellenállt az orvosnak, és az orvos a meggyőzés folyamata során az empatikus kommunikációt alkalmazva próbált közös döntéshozatalra jutni a beteggel. Az orvostanhallgatók kommunikációs készségfejlesztő képzésének részeként mértük fel az empátiatérkép alkalmazhatóságát és hasznosságát. Az orvos–beteg szituációk értékelésének fő eleme, hogy az orvostanhallgatók visszajelzést kapjanak a betegtől, ehhez az empátiaskála (PPIQ) online kérdőívet alkalmaztuk. Az empátiatérkép elősegítette, hogy az orvostanhallgatók jobban megértsék a beteget a párbeszéd során. A betegek a kitöltött kérdőívben a következő szempontokat értékelték a legmagasabb pontokkal az orvosra vonatkozóan: nyugodtság, érthető információk adása, tisztelet, figyelmes meghallgatás, bátorítás és a közös döntéshozatal megszületése. Az empátiatérkép segítségével a hallgatók jobban tudnak fókuszálni a betegre, viszont további kutatások szükségesek, hogy milyen mértékben növelik az empatikus készségeiket.
Korean and Hungarian university students’ EFL Learning motivation and EFL anxiety in Hungarian tertiary education: A small-scale comparative analysis
Authors: Bánhegyi Mátyás , Nagy Judit , Fajt Balázs
Published: December 2024

Teaching EFL to mixed nationality student groups in a motivating way can be a challenging task: learners not only have different cultural backgrounds but their L2 learning motivations may also differ. By presenting a case study, this paper examines the predictors of EFL learning motivation of mixed groups composed of Korean (n=83) and Hungarian (n=77) students studying at a higher educational institution in Hungary in the 2022/2023 academic year. For the research, primarily Dörnyei’s (2005) L2 Motivational Self System was used as an underlying theoretical background. Through the quantitative research paradigm and with the help of a questionnaire, both Korean and Hungarian EFL students’ EFL learning motivation was modelled by structural equation modelling (SEM). Based on the research data, predictors of EFL learning motivation were identified for the two student groups. The results show that Korean EFL learners’ motivated learning behaviour is predicted by the ideal L2 self and their language learning experience, whereas Hungarian EFL learners’ motivated learning behaviour is predicted by the ought-to L2 self in addition to the previously mentioned two factors affecting Korean EFL learners. The identified differences necessitate slightly different pedagogical approaches to in-class teaching in the case of the two student groups.
Current trends in breast cancer surgery
Authors: Chaloupková Zuzana , Coufal Oldřich , Gabrielová Lucie
Published: December 2024

The incidence of breast cancer has been increasing significantly over the past decades, while the mortality rate has, actually, been decreasing. Behind this favorable trend in the decrease in mortality are not only high-quality screening programs, but also undoubt­edly advances in therapy, especially new methods in surgical treatment. The importance of oncoplastic approach integrating resection and reconstruction procedures is obvious. Our efforts continue to maximize breast-conserving therapy, which is being improved in parallel with the development of new localization methods of non-palpable lesions. Breast-conserving therapy indication spectrum is also increasing with the use of oncoplastic approach allowing the resection of a significant part of the mammary gland while achieving an acceptable cosmetic result. We improve guidelines for skin-sparing procedures and also possibilities and availability of breast reconstruction. Most popular is breast reconstruction with free abdominal flap transfer. However, due to such demanding complex procedure with limited availability, there is also a significant development of silicone-implant-based reconstruction or methods of fat transfer. Constant attention is focused on axillary surgery, now especially in cases of initial nodal involvement that responds favorably to neoadjuvant systemic treatment. Current findings indicate tendency to modify and differentiate surgical indications according to the tumor phenotype. Complex lymphedema prevention surgery, such as lymphatic mapping or restoring lymphatic flow via microsurgical lymphaticovenous anastomosis, can provide effective and long-term improvement and is challenging. Recently in the Czech Republic, we reopened the discussion about the optimal concentration of medical care in a smaller number of specialized breast centers, which we think is one of a number of steps on the constant path to improve medical results.
Problematic internet use and online risk behaviors in adults from Latin America
Authors: Villanueva-Blasco Víctor José , Belda-Ferri Lorena , Rial-Boubeta Antonio
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of problematic internet use (PIU) and risky online behaviors (sexting, sextortion, cybervictimization, and pornography consumption) based on gender, age, and living arrangements, as well as to analyze their relationship. A total of 4,975 participants (62.3% women), aged 18 to 64 years (M= 32.23, SD= 12.92), from the Dominican Republic (52.4%), Ecuador (21.9%), Mexico (14.1%), Peru (7%), Colombia (2.5%), and Argentina (2.1%) took part in the study. PIU was reported by 30.1% of participants, being more frequent among young people aged 18–30 and those living with family. Young people also engaged more in risky online behaviors, especially those living with friends. Among individuals over 30, both PIU and risky online behaviors were less prevalent. An association between PIU and risky online behaviors was confirmed, albeit with a small effect size. These findings highlight the presence of PIU and risky online behaviors among adults in Latin America, suggesting that prevention policies should address both issues comprehensively.
“Cuestionario de autodescripción II-abreviado” (SDQ-II-S): propiedades de medida en adolescentes españoles
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez José A. , Castejón María A. , Parra-Plaza Francisco J. , Berengüí Rosendo
Published: December 2024

El autoconcepto es un constructo fundamental que se relaciona con muchos aspectos positivos y negativos de la vida. Tiene un papel esencial en la adolescencia, por los importantes cambios biológicos, sociales y psicológicos que se producen en esa etapa, y es determinante en el ámbito académico. Para disponer de instrumentos apropiados para su evaluación, el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades de medida y adaptar el “Cuestionario de autodescripción II-abreviado” (SDQ-II-S) en adolescentes españoles. Participaron 726 estudiantes de educación secundaria, con edades de entre los 12 y 18 años (M= 15,44; DT= 1,41). Los diferentes análisis confirmaron la estructura multidimensional del cuestionario y un buen ajuste del modelo, con saturaciones factoriales adecuadas, índices de bondad y ajuste satisfactorios, validez convergente, y corroboraron la invarianza de género. La fiabilidad compuesta de las dimensiones osciló entre 0,70 y 0,92. El SDQ-II-S es un instrumento con apropiadas características, válido y fiable para la evaluación del autoconcepto en estudiantes españoles en la adolescencia.
Лексикографічні аспекти оцінювання інтелектуального потенціалу учнів
Authors: Широков В. А. , Надутенко В. В. , Стрижак О. Є. , Грітчина А. І. , Яременко А. А.
Published: December 2024

У статті проаналізовано процес застосування лексикографічних моделей та систем для оцінювання рівня інтелектуального розвитку учнів. Детально розглянуто категорію «лексикографія». Лексикографічні моделі та системи розглядаються як понятійна основа освітніх і наукових наративів, які спроможні створювати учні за різними тематичними напрямами. Для оцінювання інтелектуального потенціалу запропоновано метод порівняння лексикографічних моделей, які сформувалися у свідомості учнів у процесі їхньої навчально­пізнавальної діяльності, з лексикографічними системами, що визначають понятійну основу стандартизованих тематичних систем знань. Як стандартизовані тематичні системи знань запропоновано використовувати наукові праці всесвітньо відомих учених. Для цього введено поняття семантичного поля, яке відображає множину концептів, що складають системи тематичних знань у форматі онтології. Завдання порівняння лексикографічних систем зводиться до виявлення рівнів консолідації онтологій. Аргументовано застосування відстані Левенштейна, діаграм Вороного, алгоритму Ллойда, моделювання мови (Language Understanding) з використанням підходу BERT як засобу щодо обчислення рівнів еквівалентності та консолідованості лексикографічних систем наративів учнів та відомих учених. Для обчислення рівнів лексикографічних систем учнів відносно систем тематичних знань відомого вченого та відповідного рейтингу їхнього позиціонування в цій системі знань ученого застосовуються методи багатовимірного оцінювання та ранжування. Наведено приклад обчислення позиціонування лексикографічних систем учнів у семантичному полі всесвітньо відомого кібернетика і математика Віктора Глушкова на основі семантичного аналізу учнівських наукових робіт, що були подані на конкурс у Малу академію наук України, тематичний напрям — кібернетика, математика.
Решение сложных вопросов липидологии: 2+3!
Authors: Буянова И.С.
Published: December 2024

Введение. С 26 по 28 сентября в Санкт-Петербурге прошел очередной Российский национальный конгресс кардиологов – 2024 – одно из ключевых ежегодных мероприятий для кардиологов и врачей смежных специальностей. Цель конгресса – содействие модернизации системы здравоохранения, повышению качества оказания специализированной помощи населению и снижению заболеваемости и смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Проблемам современной терапии дислипидемии, одного из ключевых факторов риска развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, был посвящен сателлитный симпозиум «Решение сложных вопросов липидологии: 2+3!», который состоялся под председательством д.м.н. Г. П. Арутюнова и М. В. Ежова. Цель работы. Представить обзор докладов, прозвучавших на симпозиуме, для повышения информированности врачей о новых разработках в области гиполипидемической терапии и положениях зарубежных и новых отечественных клинических рекомендаций по ведению пациентов с нарушениями липидного обмена. Особое внимание в обзоре уделяется вопросам и доказательной базе в отношении эффективности, переносимости и безопасности терапии статинами у различных групп пациентов.

Introduction. From September 26 to 28, 2024, the Russian National Congress of Cardiologists, one of the key annual events for cardiologists and specialists from related fields, took place in St. Petersburg. The goal of the Congress is to promote the modernization of the healthcare system, improve the quality of specialized care, and reduce morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. A satellite symposium, "Solving Complex Issues in Lipidology: 2+3!", chaired by Doctors of Medical Sciences G. P. Arutyunov and M. V. Ezhov, was dedicated to the challenges of modern treatments of dyslipidemia, one of the key risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Objective. The aim of this work is to review the presentations given at the symposium, to inform medical specialists about the latest developments in lipid-lowering therapy and the positions of international and new Russian clinical guidelines on the management of patients with lipid metabolism disorders. The review focuses on the issues and evidence regarding the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of statin therapy across various patient groups.
Комплексный подход к лечению пациента с диабетической полинейропатией
Authors: Чиркова М.В.
Published: December 2024

Введение. Участники секционного заседания «Вчера, сегодня, завтра: подходы к терапии ожирения и нарушений углеводного обмена», организованного АО «Фармстандарт» в рамках II Международного конгресса «Ожирение и метаболические нарушения: осознанная перезагрузка», состоявшегося 10-12 октября 2024 г. в Москве, обсудили проблемы пациентов с ожирением и современные аспекты выбора медикаментозной терапии. Особое внимание собравшихся привлекло такое осложнение, как диабетическая полинейропатия. Заключение. Комплексное лечение диабетической нейропатии – чрезвычайно важная составляющая терапии пациентов с сахарным диабетом – должно включать как медикаментозные, так и немедикаментозные методы лечения.

Background. Participants of the breakout session "Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow: Approaches to the Therapy of Obesity and Carbohydrate Metabolism Disorders" organised by Pharmstandard JSC within the framework of the II International Congress "Obesity and Metabolic Disorders: Conscious Reloading" held on 10-12 October 2024 in Moscow discussed the problems of obese patients and modern aspects of drug therapy selection. Special attention was drawn to such a complication as diabetic polyneuropathy. Conclusion. Comprehensive treatment of diabetic neuropathy is an extremely important component of therapy of patients with diabetes mellitus and should include both drug and non-drug therapies.
Роль нутритивной поддержки в процессе восстановления пациентов с острым нарушением мозгового кровообращения
Authors: Новикова Т.В. , Чиркова М.В.
Published: December 2024

Введение. Участники секционного заседания «Роль нутритивной поддержки в процессе восстановления пациентов с острым нарушением мозгового кровообращения», организованного при поддержке компании «Нутриция» в рамках II Всероссийского нейроконгресса с международным участием, состоявшегося 10-12 октября 2024 г. в Москве, обсудили проблемы и подходы к восстановлению пациентов, перенесших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения. Заключение. Пристальное внимание участников было сосредоточено на вопросах адекватного восполнения потребностей организма пациентов в питании, без которого реабилитация невозможна.

Background. The participants of the breakout session "Role of nutritional support in the process of recovery of patients with acute cerebral circulatory failure", organised with the support of Nutricia Company within the framework of the II All-Russian Neurocongress with international participation, held on 10-12 October 2024 in Moscow, discussed the problems and approaches to the recovery of patients with acute cerebral circulatory failure. Conclusion. Close attention of the participants was focused on the issues of adequate replenishment of nutritional needs of the patients' organism, without which rehabilitation is impossible.
The Nationalization of the Labor Bureaus from the Perspective of State Building
Authors: Tabah Nikolay (Noy)
Published: December 2024

David Ben-Gurion, the Prime Minister of the young State of Israel, viewed the regularization of employment as an important social service and a cornerstone in the shaping of Israeli statehood. Labor bureaus were originally established as separate party offices, which were eventually unified into general offices at the end of the 1930s under the ‘General Labor Bureaus Law,’ which formalized the agreements reached among the various parties.
The labor bureaus were therefore parity-based partisan bodies in which the General Federation of Labor of Hebrew Workers in Israel held a dominant position. Upon the establishment of the state, Mapai, after some deliberation, decided to keep them in their existing format. This created structural problems of governmental underfunding and political meddling in the bureaus’ administration and councils, some of which included representatives from parties opposed to Mapai. The bureaus demonstrated considerable independence within the Histadrut and posed a challenge to its leadership on issues such as wages. In July 1956, in a policy speech given at the Eighth Histadrut Convention, Ben-Gurion declared that the state's national duty was to ensure fair job distribution by establishing a government labor bureau, in cooperation with workers and employers. His statement, which was aligned with the thinking of senior Histadrut members from Mapai and was likely coordinated with them, was adopted by the Histadrut Council in December 1956.
Following the council’s approval of Ben-Gurion’s declaration, the Histadrut, led by Pinchas Lavon, urged Mapai members in the government and the Knesset to expedite the necessary legislation for the establishment of a government labor bureau. They repeatedly lobbied Ben-Gurion and the responsible ministers until the legislative process was completed at the beginning of 1959. In this article, I will demonstrate Ben-Gurion’s central role in leading the nationalization process, thus
harnessing Mapai and the Histadrut to the process of state building
Transparencia presupuestaria y de compras/contrataciones a nivel subnacional en Argentina
Authors: Capello Marcelo , Toselli Vanessa , Gonzalez Paula
Published: December 2024

El artículo analiza el nivel de transparencia en materia presupuestaria y de contrataciones públicas de los municipios más poblados de la República Argentina, medido a través de un índice sobre los sitios web, tomando como referencia la experiencia de la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. El relevamiento se realizó cinco años consecutivos, de 2019 a 2023, permitiendo conocer la evolución de la transparencia y cuáles son los aspectos en que el desempeño del conjunto de los municipios presenta peores resultados. Del índice general compuesto por ocho ejes, el análisis releva que los ejes sobre presupuesto y contrataciones/licitaciones públicas son aquellos en que el desempeño ha sido más bajo y con menor evolución positiva. A partir de esta observación, se analizan en detalle los indicadores que conforman estos dos ejes para realizar un diagnóstico sobre cuáles serían las políticas necesarias a llevar a cabo para efectivamente avanzar y/o mejorar hacia una gestión más transparente de los recursos públicos, principio fundamental para los gobiernos democráticos modernos incluido los de nivel municipal.
El acceso a la información pública del Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Pérez Fernández José Manuel
Published: December 2024

El Tribunal Constitucional está sometido, en virtud del art. 2.1 f) de la Ley 19/2013, de 9 de diciembre, a las previsiones legales relativas al derecho de acceso a la información pública, información que, en su caso, se circunscribe al ámbito de las “actividades sujetas a Derecho Administrativo”. El objeto de este trabajo es analizar, en relación con las solicitudes de acceso a la información pública dirigidas al Tribunal Constitucional, las causas de inadmisión más relevantes y problemáticas, así como el sistema previsto para garantizar el ejercicio del derecho de acceso por la ciudadanía y sus incertidumbres; garantías que deben responder a los principios básicos de inmediatez, asequibilidad, independencia y efectividad. A tales efectos, se abordará, en primer lugar, la dificultad de delimitar el ámbito de la información pública sujeta al Derecho Administrativo y, por ello, al control de la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa. En segundo lugar, se expondrán de forma sistemática la tipología de las solicitudes de acceso a la información pública dirigidas al Tribunal Constitucional y las diferentes causas de inadmisión invocadas. En tercer y último lugar, se estudiará el sistema de garantías previsto -en vía administrativa y judicial-, su expansión por la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo y las incertidumbres que se suscitan en cuanto al acceso a la vía de amparo o de recurso ante el TEDH.
La corrupción como proceso antropológico. Reflexiones a la luz de la obra de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Rubio Núñez Rafael , Valdés Hernández Dagoberto
Published: December 2024

Se estudia el fenómeno de la corrupción desde el punto de vista antropológico con el objetivo de argumentar que una de las principales causas de la existencia de la corrupción en los diferentes ámbitos de la sociedad es el daño antropológico provocado por determinados sistemas económicos, políticos y sociales, utilizando como caso de estudio el de los totalitarismos. La degradación progresiva que va generando la corrupción se identifica como el daño antropológico y sus causas: la destrucción de la vida en la verdad, la ausencia de la inextricable relación entre verdad y libertad y la desvinculación entre el interés privado y el bien común, lo que constituye un caldo de cultivo para los diferentes tipos de corrupción.
Variability and trends in the potential vorticity (PV)-gradient dynamical tropopause
Authors: Turhal Katharina , Plöger Felix , Clemens Jan , Birner Thomas , Weyland Franziska , Konopka Paul , Hoor Peter
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The dynamical tropopause acts as a transport barrier between the tropical upper troposphere and extratropical lowermost stratosphere and is characterized by steep gradients in potential vorticity (PV) along an isentropic surface. Hence, the latitudinal separation between the dynamical tropopause in the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere can be used as a metric of upper-tropospheric width for assessing climate change impacts. Here, we obtain the PV-gradient-based dynamical tropopause (PVG tropopause) from four meteorological satellite-era reanalyses (ERA5, ERA-Interim, JRA-55, MERRA-2) and investigate its climatology, variability and long-term trends from 1980 to 2017. Our results show a distinct seasonal cycle with larger PV values and a poleward movement of the PVG tropopause in summer. The climatological tropopause PV values are substantially different between different reanalyses, but the tropopause latitude is similar. Significant interannual variability in the PVG tropopause latitude is related to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and weaker variability also to the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and is consistently represented in reanalyses. In particular, El Niño correlates with equatorward shifts in the PVG tropopause and hence a decrease in upper-tropospheric width. Long-term trends in the PVG tropopause over the period 1980–2017 exhibit a distinct vertical structure with poleward shifts below 340 K potential temperature, equatorward shifts between 340 and 370 K, and poleward shifts between 370 and 380 K. This consistent widening at lower levels and narrowing in the upper troposphere also exhibit considerable zonal variability with the strongest upper-tropospheric narrowing over the eastern Pacific.
Warming effects of reduced sulfur emissions from shipping
Authors: Yoshioka Masaru , Grosvenor Daniel P. , Booth Ben B. B. , Morice Colin P. , Carslaw Ken S.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The regulation introduced in 2020 that limits the sulfur content in shipping fuel has reduced sulfur emissions over global open oceans by about 80 %. This is expected to have reduced aerosols that both reflect solar radiation directly and affect cloud properties, with the latter also changing the solar radiation balance. Here we investigate the impacts of this regulation on aerosols and climate in the HadGEM3-GC3.1-LL climate model. The global aerosol effective radiative forcing caused by reduced shipping emissions is estimated to be 0.13 W m−2, which is equivalent to an additional ∼50 % to the net positive forcing resulting from the reduction in all anthropogenic aerosols from the late-20th century to the pre-2020 era. Ensembles of global coupled simulations from 2020–2049 predict a global mean warming of 0.04 K averaged over this period. Our simulations are not clear on whether the global impact is yet to emerge or has already emerged because the present-day impact is masked by variability. Nevertheless, the impact of shipping emission reductions either will have already committed us to warming above the 1.5 K Paris target or will represent an important contribution that may help explain part of the rapid jump in global temperatures over the last 12 months. Consistent with previous aerosol perturbation simulations, the warming is greatest in the Arctic, reaching a mean of 0.15 K Arctic-wide and 0.3 K in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic (which represents a greater than 10 % increase in the total anthropogenic warming since pre-industrial times).
Process analysis of elevated concentrations of organic acids at Whiteface Mountain, New York
Authors: Lawrence Christopher , Barth Mary , Orlando John , Casson Paul , Brandt Richard , Kelting Daniel , Yerger Elizabeth , Lance Sara
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Organic acids represent an important class of compounds in the atmosphere, but there is limited research investigating their chemical production, particularly in the northeast United States. To improve our understanding of organic acid sources, a modeling analysis was performed for air masses reaching the summit of Whiteface Mountain (WFM), New York, where measurements of organic acids in cloud water have been collected. The analysis focuses on a pollution event associated with a heat wave that occurred on 1–2 July 2018 that exhibited unusually high concentrations of formic (HCOOH), acetic (CH3COOH), and oxalic (OxAc) acid in cloud water. The gas-phase production of organic acids for this pollution event was modeled using a combination of the regional transport model Weather Research and Forecasting Model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), which gives information on transport and environmental factors affecting air parcels reaching WFM, and the Lagrangian chemical box model BOXMOX, which allows analysis of chemistry with different chemical mechanisms. Two chemical mechanisms are used in BOXMOX: (1) the Model for Ozone and Related chemical Tracers (MOZART T1) and (2) the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) version 3.3.1. The WRF-Chem results show that air parcels sampled during the pollution event at WFM originated in central Missouri, which has strong biogenic emissions of isoprene. Many air parcels were influenced by emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the Chicago metropolitan area. The gas-phase oxidation of isoprene and its related oxidation products was the major source of HCOOH and CH3COOH, but both mechanisms substantially underproduced both acids compared to observations. A simple gas–aqueous mechanism was included to investigate the role of aqueous chemistry in organic acid production. Aqueous chemistry did not produce more HCOOH or CH3COOH, suggesting missing chemical sources of both acids. However this aqueous chemistry was able to explain the elevated concentrations of OxAc. Anthropogenic NOx emissions from Chicago had little overall impact on the production of all three organic acids. Further studies are required to better constrain gas and aqueous production of low-molecular-weight organic acids.
Technical note: An interactive dashboard to facilitate quality control of in-situ atmospheric composition measurements
Authors: Brugnara Yuri , Steinbacher Martin , Baffelli Simone , Emmenegger Lukas
Published: December 2024

Abstract. In-situ measurements of trace gases are crucial for monitoring changes in the atmosphere's composition and understanding the underlying processes that drive them. For over three decades, the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) programme of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has coordinated a network of surface monitoring stations and facilities with the goal of providing high-quality atmospheric composition measurements worldwide. One of the critical challenges towards this goal is the spatially unbalanced availability of high-quality time series, and the lack of near-realtime quality control (QC) procedures that would allow the prompt detection of unreliable data. Here, we describe an interactive dashboard designed for GAW station operators, but which may be of much wider use, that is able to flag anomalous values in near-realtime or historical data. The dashboard combines three distinct algorithms that identify anomalous measurements: (i) an outlier detection based on the Subsequence Local Outlier Factor (Sub-LOF) method, (ii) a comparison with numerical forecasts coupled with a machine learning model, and (iii) a Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) regression model. The application, called GAW-QC, can process measurements of methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and ozone (O3) at hourly resolution, offering multiple statistical and visual aids to help users to identify problematic data. By enhancing QC capabilities, GAW-QC contributes to the GAW programme's goal of providing reliable atmospheric measurements worldwide.
MASCS 1.0: synchronous atmospheric and oceanic data from a cross-shaped moored array in the northern South China Sea during 2014–2015
Authors: Zhang Han , Chen Dake , Liu Tongya , Tian Di , He Min , Li Qi , Wei Guofei , Liu Jian
Published: December 2024

Abstract. This work presents a cross-shaped moored array dataset (MASCS 1.0) comprising five buoys and four moorings with synchronous atmospheric and oceanic data in the northern South China Sea during 2014–2015. The atmospheric data are observed by two meteorological instruments at the buoys. The oceanic data consist of sea surface waves measured using a wave recorder, temperature, and salinity from the surface to a depth of 400 m and at 10 and 50 m above the ocean bottom using conductivity, temperature, and depth recorders. They also include currents from the surface to a depth of 850 m measured using acoustic Doppler current profilers and measured at 10, 50, and 100 m above the floor using current meters. Additional measurements were taken for sea surface radiation, air visibility, chlorophyll, turbidity, and chromophoric dissolved organic matter at buoy 3 located at the center of the moored array. The data reveal air–sea interactions and oceanic processes in the upper and bottom ocean, especially the transition of the air–sea interface and ocean conditions from summer to winter monsoon and the effects of six tropical cyclones on the moored array. Multiscale processes were also recorded, such as air–sea fluxes, tides, internal waves, and low-frequency flows. The data are valuable and have many potential applications, including analyzing the phenomena and mechanisms of air–sea interactions and ocean dynamics and validating and improving numerical model simulations, data reanalysis, and assimilations. All the data described here are made publicly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14039870 (Zhang et al., 2024a).
High-latitude scintillation of GPS signals at various longitudes during the storm on November 7, 2022
Authors: Shagimuratov I.I. , Efishov I.I. , Filatov M.V.
Published: December 2024

В работе представлен анализ особенностей проявления TEC-флуктуаций в высокоширотной ионосфере на различных долготах во время геомагнитной бури 7 ноября 2022 г. Найдено, что развитие флуктуаций на разных долготах весьма похоже и происходит в соответствии с геомагнитной активностью и динамикой аврорального овала, как с его широтным положением, так и его интенсивностью. Наиболее интенсивные ионосферные неоднородности были зарегистрированы в авроральной зоне и на широтах выше 80°N, которые нами были ассоциированы с проявлением языка ионизации (TOI).
Latitudinal distribution of the characteristics of nocturnal auroral eruptions during the periods of the onset of sub-storms
Authors: Vorobyov V.G. , Yagodkina O.I. , Antonova E.E. , Kirpichev I.P.
Published: December 2024

В работе рассмотрены широтные профили характеристик авроральных высыпаний на высотах ионосферы, полученные по наблюдениям спутника DMSP F7, и радиальное распределение ионного давления в экваториальной плоскости по данным спутников миссии THEMIS в спокойные периоды и в моменты близкие к авроральному брейкапу. Определены средние широтные профили ионного давления на низких высотах и проведено их сопоставление с усредненными распределениями давления в экваториальной плоскости при близких средних значениях параметров солнечного ветра и геомагнитной активности. Показано, что, если в спокойных геомагнитных условиях максимум давления на низких высотах проецируется на геоцентрические расстояния в ~7-8 Re, то перед началом фазы развития суббури он проецируется на расстояние ~5-6 Re. Проведены оценки яркости аврорального свечения в эмиссии 557.7 нм, рассчитанные по наблюдениям средней энергии и потока энергии высыпающихся электронов спутником F7.
Detection of an electromagnetic response in the upper ionosphere on the CSES satellite to the operation of the ZEUS transmitter
Authors: Savelyeva N.V. , Pilipenko V.A. , Mazur N.G. , Fedorov E.N. , Zhao S.
Published: December 2024

Низкоорбитальный спутник CSES (высота орбиты ~500 км) обнаружил крайне-низкочастотный (КНЧ) сигнал крупномасштабного передатчика ЗЕВС, расположенного на Кольском полуострове. Узкополосное излучение на частоте 82 Гц было зарегистрировано при сближении подспутниковой точки с установкой ЗЕВС до 400 км. Электрические и магнитные датчики CSES зафиксировали излучение со
средними амплитудами |E| ≈ 1.2 мкВ/м и |В| ≈ 0.4 пТл. Результаты измерений согласуются с результатами моделирования пространственной структуры КНЧ поля в верхней дневной ионосфере, возбуждаемого переменным горизонтальным током с длиной 60 км и интенсивность 70 А. Результаты наблюдений могут быть использованы для оценки эффективности активных экспериментов по возбуждению КНЧ-УНЧ возмущений в околоземной среде установками типа FENICS.
Geomagnetic effects of a meteor explosion over the Verkhnetulomsky reservoir on December 19, 2014
Authors: Cherniakov S.M.
Published: December 2024

The geomagnetic effects of a meteor explosion on December 19, 2014 at high latitudes over the Kola Peninsula, Russia are considered. The response of the geomagnetic field was considered based on data from the magnetometer (Loparskaya Geophysical Observatory of the Polar Geophysical Institute) and stations of the International Monitor for Auroral Geomagnetic Effects (IMAGE). It was shown that the meteor explosion caused changes in the values of the geomagnetic field components. It is assumed that the sharp changes are caused by the impact of the shock wave from the explosion on the auroral electrojets, and the subsequent wave-like variations of the components are caused by the modulation of ionospheric currents in the dynamo region of the ionosphere by acoustic-gravity waves. For the first time, it was suggested that sudden changes in the geomagnetic field are caused by the impact of the shock wave from the meteor explosion on auroral electrojets.