bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Perceptions and Attitudes of Bangladeshi Population towards Thalassemia Prevention: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Alam Nur-E- , Islam Md Shariful , Suriea Umme , Mohiuddin Ramisa Binti , Islam Md. Muzahidul , Akter Sumaiya , Aktar Salma , Mahamud Nahid , Nasif Omaima , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Batiha Gaber El-Saber , Bappy Md. Nazmul Islam , Sardar Dipankar , Khatun Mst. Mahmuda , Chowdhury Kamal , Mohiuddin A. K. M.
Published: January 2021

Background: Thalassemia is one of the most common life-threatening yet preventable congenital hemoglobin disorders especially in South Asian regions like Bangladesh. It has become a rising public health concern for Bangladesh as 6-12% of the population are carriers and many of them are unaware of it. The purpose of the study is to inspect the knowledge and attitude towards thalassemia among the general people of Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in eight administrative regions of Bangladesh between January and October of 2020. A self-administrative close-ended questionnaire was designed to collect information about thalassemia and socio-demographic characteristics. Pearson’s chi-square (χ2) test and One-way ANOVA were performed to assess the association between the demographic variables with knowledge and practice regarding thalassemia. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: Of the 1623 participants, only 44.7% (726/1623) had heard of thalassemia. The mean knowledge of thalassemia was scored 4.75 ± 2.05 out of a total possible score of 10. Half of the participants had no idea that thalassemia was not a transfusion transmitted disease. About 73.1% knew that blood tests are a diagnosis process to determine thalassemia. The urban residing participants had the highest (5.10 ± 1.99) and participants with primary education had the lowest (3.38 ± 1.37) mean score of knowledge. Participants' knowledge score varied significantly by marital status, living pace, literacy and occupation (p< 0.05). However, about 68.2% and 85.5% of the participants showed a positive attitude towards premarital screening of themselves or their family members and donating blood to thalassemia patients, respectively. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a need to disseminate the information on thalassemia since the knowledge gap is huge among people. These findings will assist the implementation of significant steps such as educational programs, health counseling, premarital screening, campaigning, etc. to increase the awareness of thalassemia.
Development and Pilot-testing of a Hepatitis C Reinfection Prevention Intervention for Patients in Treatment for Hepatitis C Infection
Authors: Viera Adam Christopher , Grau Lauretta E. , Fisher Jeffrey D. , Farnum Scott O. , Tetrault Jeanette M. , Scott Greg , Heimer Robert
Published: January 2021

Background: With annual rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection among persons who inject drugs ranging from 5% to 22%, the need for behavioral interventions to prevent reinfection following successful treatment is clear. Methods: This report aims to describe the conception and development of an intervention to prevent HCV reinfection and present preliminary results from its pilot testing at an opioid treatment program offering on-site primary medical care, including treatment for HCV infection. We developed a two-session intervention combining a teachable moment followed by a session based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model to reinforce learning. The teachable moment occurs in less than ten minutes during the routine blood draw to measure viral load during HCV treatment. The reinforcing IMB session builds knowledge, motivation, and self-efficacy in practicing safer injection skills. Formative exploratory work for the intervention involved a literature review, planning meetings with implementation staff, and development of study materials. Intervention staff were trained and the intervention was pilot tested. Measured outcomes included feasibility and acceptability of the intervention to patients and implementers, study recruitment and retention, and preliminary changes in knowledge, motivation, self-efficacy, and HCV reinfection risk behaviors over the study time period. Results: The study protocol and intervention content are both described, along with the preliminary results of implementation and psychosocial outcomes among 17 patients undergoing direct-acting antiviral treatment for HCV. Baseline data revealed gaps in HCV prevention knowledge that could lead to reinfection. We also report lessons learned related to implementation of such an intervention with this population in integrated care settings. After some minor adjustments, we found high levels of feasibility and acceptability for the intervention at the implementing organization. Intervention implementation was interrupted due to COVID-19 restrictions. Conclusions: It is possible to implement an intervention in an opioid treatment program to improve HCV prevention knowledge with the potential to prevent reinfection. Intervention staff must be attentive to participant needs regarding time and monetary constraints to maximize acceptability. Given the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, future research should explore the possibility of offering the intervention via phone or video chat.
How to promote exclusive breastfeeding in Ireland: a qualitative study on views of Chinese immigrant mothers  
Authors: Chen Haoyue , Li Cheng , Zhou Qianling , Cassidy Tanya M. , Younger Katherine M. , Shen Siao , Kearney John M.
Published: January 2021

Background: The exclusive breastfeeding rate in Ireland is very low with extremely slow annual growth. The population of immigrants in Ireland is increasing. Improving exclusive breastfeeding practice among immigrants may contribute to the overall improvement of exclusive breastfeeding rates in Ireland. This study was conducted to elicit suggestions on improving exclusive breastfeeding rate for six months among Chinese immigrants in Ireland. Methods: Fourteen semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with Chinese immigrant mothers residing in Ireland, who breastfed exclusively for four to six months. Interviews were recorded and transcribed in Chinese. Data were analyzed using a qualitative thematic analysis. Themes were developed through categorization of codes and via in-depth discussion between two researchers. Results: Themes generated from the thematic content analysis were 1) suggestions for new mothers: being strong mentally and getting support from family and friends; 2) suggestions for employers: creating a supportive workplace by setting up private room and breastmilk storage facilities; 3) suggestions for health care professionals: advocating breastfeeding in the hospital and addressing cultural differences by recruiting multilingual staff; 4) suggestions for the government: promoting breastfeeding by initiating societal and policy changes. Conclusions: The key findings emerging from this study may be considered in the development of breastfeeding promotion strategies in Ireland. Our findings could also have implications for other English-speaking countries with low rates of exclusive breastfeeding.
Serum tenascin-C predicts resistance to steroid combination therapy in high-risk Kawasaki disease: A multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Yoshikane Yukako , Okuma Yoshiaki , Miyamoto Tatsuki , Hashimoto Junichi , Fukazawa Ryuji , Kato Taichi , Takeda Atsuhito , Suda Kenji , Matsushita Takeji , Hiroe Michiaki , Imanaka-Yoshida Kyoko
Published: January 2021

Background: Tenascin-C (TN-C) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein related to tissue inflammation. Our previous retrospective study conducted in 2016 revealed that the serum tenascin-C level was higher in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) who were resistant to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and developed coronary artery lesions (CALs). The present study is a prospective cohort study to assess if the serum level of tenascin-C could be used as a novel biomarker to predict the risk of resistance to initial treatment for high-risk patients. Methods: A total of 380 KD patients were registered and provided serum samples for tenascin-C measurement before commencing their initial treatment. Patients who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded from analysis; of the 181 remaining subjects, there were 144 low-risk patients (Kobayashi score: ≤4 points) and 37 high-risk patients (Kobayashi score: ≥5 points). The initial treatments for low-risk patients and high-risk patients were conventional therapy (IVIG with aspirin) and prednisolone combination therapy, respectively. The patient clinical and laboratory data, including the serum tenascin-C level, were compared between initial treatment responders and non-responders. Results: In the low-risk patients, there was no significant difference in the median levels of serum tenascin-C between the initial therapy responders and non-responders. However, in the high-risk patients, the median serum tenascin-C level in initial therapy non-responders was significantly higher than that in initial therapy responders (175.8 ng/ml vs 117.6 ng/ml). Conclusions: Serum tenascin-C could be a biomarker for predicting the risk of high-risk patients being non-responsive to steroid combination therapy. Trial registration: This study was a prospective cohort study. It was approved by the ethics committee of each institute and performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
circEPS15 Overexpression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Modulates Tumor Invasion and Migration
Authors: Tian Maolin , Li Gang , Jiang Bin , Sadula Abuduhaibaier , Xiu Dianrong , Yuan Chunhui , Bing Yuntao
Published: January 2021

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one kind of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Recent evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in tissue development, gene transcription, signal regulation and tumorigenesis. However, whether circRNAs are involved in HCC progression and encode functional proteins remains largely unknown.MethodscircRNAs microarrays wereperformed using three pathologically diagnosed HCC samples and their paired adjacent normal liver tissues. Cell invasion, migration, cycle, and apoptosis post circRNA overexpression were measured using a transwell culture system, a wound healing assay, and flow cytometry. Full-length, mutated, and truncated sequences of circEPS15 with a FLAG tag were inserted into a circular expression vector. Western blotting was used to confirm circEPS15 expression and the requirement of internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) elements within the circRNA. The miRNA and mRNA expression profiles were obtained by analyzing data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We then constructed a ceRNA network ofcircEPS15, miRNAs, and mRNAs. ResultsThe expression of circEPS15 was downregulated in HCC tissues, and the survival curves showed that low circEPS15 levels were associated with poor overall survival in HCC patients. Overexpression of circEPS15 suppressed tumor invasion and migration by inhibiting the TJP1/CDH2/VIM signaling pathway and retarded cell cycle progression, yet had no effect on cell apoptosis. ceRNA analysis and qRT-PCR results suggest a possible circRNA (circEPS15)-miRNA (miR-24-3p)-mRNA (CIDEA) network in HCC. The spanning junction open reading frame in circEPS15 driven by IRES encoded a novel protein.ConclusionsEndogenous circEPS15 plays a novel role in repressing HCC through the ceRNA network and encoding a functional protein.
Compétence en production orale et stratégie d’autorégulation : Quel apport du portfolio numérique d’apprentissage
Authors: Paquet Maxime , Karsenti Thierry
Published: January 2021

Cet article décrit et analyse l’apport du portfolio numérique d’apprentissage dans le recours à des stratégies d’autorégulation d’élèves du secondaire dans des tâches de production orale. Une analyse de contenu d’autoévaluations et d’entrevues individuelles, ainsi que des données issues de questionnaires montre que l’utilisation du portfolio, parce qu’il inclut des activités réflexives offrant un temps d’arrêt, appuie les élèves de 3e secondaire en leur permettant de verbaliser les stratégies utilisées, d’en déterminer l’efficacité puis en permettant de conserver des traces d’expériences guidant la planification d’efforts futurs d’apprentissage.
Ecological Diversity of Pteridophytes Across Land Use Types in Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve, Luzon Island, Philippines
Authors: delos Angeles Marjorie D. , Alcala Ailene A. , Buot Jr. Inocencio E.
Published: January 2021

Changes are evident in fern species richness, composition, and abundance as a result of environmental changes caused by forest conversion to various land use types. This study identified fern species and described its distribution pattern with reference to ecological parameters obtained from various land use types across the northeastern slope of Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve, Los Baños, Philippines. The plot technique was employed using a 20x20 meter quadrat. Three 5x2 subquadrats were randomly distributed within the established quadrat. Cluster and ordination analysis were used and edaphic factors were analyzed. Fern specimens were identified (sensu PPG) and measured. Samples were collected for herbarium vouchers and were deposited at the Plant Biology Division Herbarium, University of the Philippines Los Baños (PBDH). Cluster analysis revealed six land use types: buffer, agroforest, agri-farm, roadside, mahogany, and forest. Twenty-nine (29) fern species belonging to 23 genera from 14 families were recorded across the different land use types. Among the land use types, the forest had the highest fern species richness (13) and the agri-farm and Mahogany had the least (6). Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that moisture, OM, pH, and CEC were significant explanatory drivers of fern distribution especially in the Mahogany and Agroforest land use type. Understanding the fern community patterns and edaphic factors in Mt. Makiling would aid in its conservation planning.
Late nitrogen topdressing increases nutritional and industrial quality of white oat (Avena sativa) grain
Authors: Sponchiado Julhana Cristina , Souza Clovis Arruda , Sangoi Luis , Coelho Cileide Maria Medeiros , Stefen Deivid Luis Vieira
Published: January 2021

Nitrogen is a nutrient that most limits the development, biomass yield and protein composition of Poaceae. The N losses can be reduced by synchronizing fertilizer additions with plant uptake requirements. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of N topdressing at different rates and times on grain yield and industrial quality of two white oat cultivars. The experiment was carried out under field conditions, from July to November of 2014, in a factorial design 2 x 3 x 4, with four replications. Two oat cultivars (URS Guria and URS Brava) combined with nitrogen topdressing were applied under three management systems: (i) semi-late, (ii) late and (iii) semi-late plus late, described as a growth stages (GS) GS31 (first node visible) and GS45 (booting) or split N on GS31 plus GS45 and N rates (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) with urea as a source. White oat cultivars responded differently to nitrogen fertilization. The URS Brava cultivar showed higher hectoliter weight (HW) and crude protein in the grains (CP) and URS Guria higher number of spikelets per panicle (NSP) and plant lodging (LOD). Application of at least part of the N at the first detectable node played important role on grain yield and yield components. Splitting N fertilization in two applications, 50% at the beginning of stem elongation and 50% at booting, favored higher yield and protein content of the grains. The increase in N rates up to 90 kg ha-1 did not promote grain yield, but it provided increases in grain thickness and protein content in white oats cultivars, increasing the nutritional (more protein), industrial quality (more flakes per ton of the grains) and grain yield leading to more profit to farmer.
Chemical characterization and determination of in vivo and in vitro antifungal activity of essential oils from four Eucalyptus species against the Hemileia vastatrix Berk and Br fungus, the agent of coffee leaf rust
Authors: Caetano Alex Rodrigues Silva , Chalfoun Sara Maria , Resende Mario Lúcio Vilela , Angélico Caroline Lima , Santiago Wilder Douglas , Magalhães Maísa Lamounier , Rezende Danúbia Aparecida de Carvalho Selvati , Soares Luana Isac , Nelson David Lee , Cardoso Maria das Graças
Published: January 2021

Essential oils, also known as volatile oils, are substances produced through the secondary metabolism of plants. In this study, we determined the chemical composition and the in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity of the essential oils from four species of Eucalyptus, Eucalyptus citriodora, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus microcorys, against the Hemileia vastatrix fungus. The essential oils from these four species of Eucalyptus were extracted from their leaves by the hydrodistillation technique using a modified Clevenger apparatus. The chemical characterization was performed by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer detector and by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector. The antifungal activities of the essential oils against H. vastatrix were studied by evaluating the percentage of spore germination using the microdilution test for in vitro assays. The curative and preventive effects were evaluated in in vivo tests. The principal constituents of the essential oil from E. citriodora were citronellal, citronellol and isopulegol, while E. camaldulensis produced 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol and α-pinene. 1,8-cineole, α-pinene and α-terpineol were obtained from E. grandis and 1,8-cineole, α-pinene and trans-pinocarveol were the principal components in the essential oil of E. microcorys. In vitro and in vivo antifungal activities against the fungus under study were observed for most of the essential oils, except the essential oil from E. microcorys, for which no preventive antifungal activity was observed. Only the curing of infection by the H. vastatrix fungus was observed with this oil.
Spatial variability of soil physical attributes in sugarcane using different row spacings
Authors: Panziera Wildon , Lima Cláudia Liane Rodrigues de , Bueno Jean Michel Moura , Pauletto Eloy Antonio , Silva Sergio Delmar dos Anjos e , Timm Luis Carlos , Stumpf Lizete
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of harvesting traffic by evaluating the spatial variability of soil physical attributes on a clayey Oxisol under sugarcane cultivation using different row spacing. Two areas of sugarcane production (RB855156 genotype) were planted in autumn 2013, both using conventional planting systems. Treatments were either sugarcane cultivated using: (i) single-row spacing (SR) of 1.50 m; or (ii) double-row spacing (DR) of 0.40 × 1.50 m. Areas using SR spacing occupied a total of 6 ha areas using DR spacing occupied a total of 2 ha. Assessments of soil physical attributes were performed during the summer of 2016 after the second harvest. Soil measurements in each area were done at 100 points using a grid design with dimensions of 10 m long by 5 m wide. Soil sampling was taken from the 0.00-0.10 m layer, from points distributed along the planted row and the machine’s wheel track. The following soil physical attributes were assessed: bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, soil penetration resistance, and water contentat field capacity. Bd and PR in the single-row spacing showed critical values for adequate sugarcane root development. The highest spatial variability of PR and Ma was found in double-row spacing, however, this spacing arrangement promoted a better soil physical conditions.
Allelopathic effect of Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. on rice (Oryza sativa L.) germination and seedling growth
Authors: Krumsri Ramida , Noguchi Hisashi Kato , Poonpaiboonpipat Thanatsan
Published: January 2021

The allelopathic effect of Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn., a broadleaf paddy weed that hinders rice production in Thailand, was investigated. Different parts of S. zeylanica were used to determine their inhibitory effect on seed germination, and shoot and root length of rice in a laboratory. Aqueous extracts of leaves and stems had an inhibitory effect on rice germination and seedling growth more than 50% that of control at concentrations higher than 50 g L-1, whereas all concentrations of root extracts had no effect on rice seeds. At the concentration of 100 g L-1, leaf and stem extracts completely (100%) inhibited rice seed germination. The inhibitory effect was increased with increasing concentrations. Additionally, leaf extracts contained higher total phenolics (7.36 mg GE g-1 DW) and total flavonoids (254.19 µg QE g-1 DW) than extracts of other parts. In glasshouse conditions, soil incorporation with dried whole plant residue had a significant inhibitory effect on rice emergence, seedling height, and dry weight when compared with extracted residue at an equal concentration. The decomposition of S. zeylanica in the soil was also evaluated regarding rice seedling growth. The maximum inhibition was achieved 1-3 days after the application of plant residues. At the 30th day, the inhibition disappeared, suggesting that residue decomposition in the soil has been finished. These results support that S. zeylanica has an allelopathic effect on paddy fields, which may cause a reduction in rice growth and yield.
PRODUÇÃO DE CONHECIMENTO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO SOCIAL DA IGNORÂNCIA
Authors: Hamlin Cynthia Lins , Freire Alyson Thiago Fernandes , Silva Lucas Trindade da
Published: January 2021

Entrevista com a professora Cynthia Lins Hamlin (UFPE) acerca dos negacionismos contemporâneos e das interpretações desse fenômeno no campo das ciências sociais. Cynthia Hamlin é doutora em Pensamento Político e Social (Sociologia) pela Universidade de Sussex (1997) e professora associada da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Tem experiência em Teoria Social, Filosofia das Ciências Sociais e Metodologia das Ciências Sociais, com ênfase em realismo crítico, hermenêutica, epistemologia feminista e teorias da ação.
Synthesis of Phosphonates, Phosphinates and Tertiary Phosphine Oxides by Pd- or Ni-Catalyzed Microwave-Assisted P–C Coupling Reactions without the Addition of Conventional Ligands
Authors: Henyecz Réka , Keglevich György
Published: January 2021

Microwave (MW)-assistance may be a powerful tool in the Hirao P–C coupling
reactions of vinyl/aryl halides with dialkyl phosphites in the presence of Pd-catalysts/Pligands
elaborated forty years ago. This review surveys the development of this reaction by
showing the expansion of the reagents and catalysts, as well as the information accumulated.
The stress was laid on the “green” aspects, the simplification of the catalyst systems, and the
reliable mechanistic details in order to be able to establish the optimum conditions. The best
protocol involves the use of some excess of the >P(O)H reagent to ensure the PdII→Pd0 reduction
and, via its trivalent tautomeric form (>POH), also the P-ligand. The overall rate is
the result of two factors, the activity of the catalyst complex formed, and the reactivity of the
reactants in the P–C coupling reactions. The nature of the aryl substituents in Ar2P(O)H influences both components.
NiII salts may also be used as the catalyst precursor, however, despite the PdII→Pd0→PdII route, in this case, a
NiII→NiIV→NiII sequence was proved.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Protein Expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae D39
Authors: Lee Sungkyoung , Lee Myoung-Ro , Bae Songmee , Kwak Min-Kyu
Published: January 2021

Background:

Streptococcus pneumoniaeis a leading cause of human respiratory tract infection.
Despite the lack of activities of antioxidative enzymes, including cytochromes, hemoproteins,
and peroxidases/catalases, traits conferring the aerotolerant-anaerobic growth of this bacterium
are conserved, with the high efficacy of antioxidative actions, in an oxygen-rich environment.

Objective:

Through proteome analysis, this study's intention was to evaluate differentially expressed
proteins and/or gene products modeled in a highly virulent strain, S. pneumoniae D39, exogenously-
treated with millimolar concentrations of H2O2.

Method:

For two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis, following one dimensional isoelectric
focusing with an immobilized pH gradient of pH 4-7, the most significantly mobilized proteins
expressed were separated by SDS-PAGE in the second dimension. With a total of 431 protein
spots detected, certain proteins were excised, in-gel trypsin digested, and analyzed by combination
with MALDI-TOF and LC-ESI-MS/MS for mass spectrometric peptide mapping and protein identification.
Utilizing mass spectrometry analysis of spots excised from 2-DE, the selected protein
spots were identified with a variety of databases and MASCOT.

Results:

With the aid of comparisons to proteome reference maps, the most differentially expressed
38 proteins, those with approximately 1.4-fold or more increase and/or decrease or with
multiple isoforms exhibiting variable pI values, were induced by treatment of exogenous 2 mM
H2O2.The identified proteins were seen to be involved in pneumococcal pathogenesis and primary
metabolism, amongst others.

Conclusion:

This is the first study to convincingly document proteomic information associated
with pathophysiological adaptation under the given oxidative conditions, and corresponding potential
antioxidative mechanisms, in S. pneumoniae.
Consortia of Indigenous Rhizobacteria to Control Bacterial Wilt in Ginger
Authors: Diyanatur Rosiyah Naziha , Wike Widiasari Ayu , Roekhan Achmad , Rizkyta Kusuma Restu
Published: January 2021

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a type of rhizome plant that has high potential to be developed in Indonesia as a medicinal plant or spice. Inhibiting factors in ginger production is Ralstonia solanacearum which causes bacterial wilt disease. Rhizobacteria is a potential biological agent to control the disease. It is necessary to review from various study on rhizobacteria both the use of antagonistic bacteria singly or in a consortia. Aimed to analyze various sources of scientific literature regarding the potential of antagonistic bacteria singly or consortia compared to synthetic bactericides in controlling of R. solanacearum. The results showed that three recommended antagonist bacteria were found, namely Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus thuringiensis. which has the potential to control bacterial wilt disease. The rhizobacterial consortia are more effective as a sustainable, safe and environmentally friendly control on bacterial wilt disease with a percentage of disease incidence 10%. In addition, the rhizobacterial consortia are three and six times more effective than the single antagonistic bacteria and bactericides respectively.
A Mobile Health App (WYZ) for Engagement in Care and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Youth and Young Adults Living With HIV: Single-Arm Pilot Intervention Study (Preprint)
Authors: Saberi Parya , Lisha Nadra E , Erguera Xavier A , Hudes Estie Sid , Johnson Mallory O , Ruel Theodore , Neilands Torsten B
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Youth are globally recognized as being vulnerable to HIV. Younger age has been correlated with worse health outcomes. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have the potential to interact with youth where they are, using a device they already access.

OBJECTIVE

Using predefined benchmarks, we sought to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of WYZ, an mHealth app, for improved engagement in care and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among youth and young adults living with HIV. WYZ was designed and developed with input from youth and young adults living with HIV using a human-centered design approach and was based on the information, motivation, and behavioral skills framework to address common barriers to care and ART adherence among youth and young adults living with HIV.

METHODS

We recruited youth and young adults living with HIV (18-29 years old) from the San Francisco Bay Area to take part in a 6-month pilot trial. Their participation included completing baseline and exit surveys, and participating in seven phone check-ins about their use of WYZ.

RESULTS

Youth and young adults living with HIV (N=79) reported high levels of feasibility and acceptability with WYZ use. We met predefined benchmarks for recruitment (79/84, 94%), mean logins per week (5.3), tracking ART adherence (5442/9393, 57.9%), posting chat topics per week (4.8), and app crashes reported per week (0.24). The ease of app download, install, and setup, and comfort with security, privacy, and anonymity were highly rated (all over 91%). Additionally, participants reported high satisfaction for a research project that was remotely conducted. Participants used the app for shorter timeframes compared to the predefined benchmark.

CONCLUSIONS

We noted high feasibility and acceptability with WYZ. Further research to examine the efficacy of WYZ will enable youth and young adults living with HIV and their providers to make informed decisions when using, recommending, and prescribing the app for improved engagement in HIV care and ART adherence.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03587857; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03587857
Medical Insights from Posts About Irritable Bowel Syndrome by Adolescent Patients and Their Parents: Topic Modeling and Social Network Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Zhong Bu , Liu Qian
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are increasingly seeking and sharing information about their symptoms in web-based health care forums. Their posts and those from their parents contain critical insights that can be used by patients, physicians, and caregivers to manage IBS symptoms.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to examine the posts from adolescent patients and their parents in a health forum, IBS Group, to better understand the key challenges, concerns, and issues of interest to young patients with IBS and their caregivers.

METHODS

Using topic modeling and social network analysis, in this study, we analyzed all the messages (over 750 topics and 3400 replies) posted on the IBS Group forum from 2010-2019 by adolescents with IBS aged 13-17 years and parents having children with IBS. We first detected 6 major topics in the posts by adolescent patients and parents on teenagers’ IBS symptoms and the interaction between the topics. Social network analysis was then performed to gain insights into the nature of web-based interaction patterns among patients and caregivers.

RESULTS

Using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm and a latent Dirichlet allocation visualization tool, this study revealed 6 leading topics of concern in adolescents with IBS: school life, treatment or diet, symptoms, boys’ ties to doctors, social or friend issues, and girls’ ties to doctors. The top 6 topics in the parents’ discussions were school life, girls’ issues, boys’ issues, diet choice, symptoms, and stress. The analyses show that the adolescent patients themselves are most concerned about the effect of IBS on their everyday activities and social lives. For parents having daughters with IBS, their top concerns were related to the girls’ school performance and how much help they received at school. For their sons, the parents were more concerned about the pain and suffering that their sons had to endure. Both parents and adolescents gained social support from the web-based platform. Topic modeling shows that IBS affects teenagers the most in the areas of pain and school life. Furthermore, the issues raised by parents suggest that girls are bothered more by school performance over pain, whereas boys show exactly the opposite: pain is of greater concern than school performance.

CONCLUSIONS

This study represents the first attempt to leverage both machine learning approaches and social network analysis to identify top IBS concerns from the perspectives of adolescent patients and caregivers in the same health forum. Young patients with IBS must face the challenges of social influences and anxiety associated with this health disorder in addition to physical pain and other symptoms. Boys and girls are affected differently by pain and school performance and view the IBS impacts differently from the parents.

CLINICALTRIAL
Application of mobile health to support the elderly during the COVID-19 outbreak: A systematic literature review (Preprint)
Authors: Fehresti Saeedeh , Monaghesh Elham
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 outbreak has affected the elderly's physical and mental health. The application of information and communication technology, such as mobile health (m-health), can play a significant role in combating this pandemic by changing the behavior and lifestyle of the elderly during this time of crisis.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review aimed to synthesize m-health capabilities in providing health services to the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify the factors associated with the success of these tools.

METHODS

To ﬁnd the relevant studies, a search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were: studies in English that used m-health intervention in all aspects of elderly healthcare during the COVID-19 outbreak, published in peer-reviewed journals from 31 December 2019, and had any research design and methodology. Two authors independently took all the steps of this review, and finally performed narrative synthesis to report the findings.

RESULTS

Our initial search identified 421 studies, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria. The data analysis showed that all the m-health interventions had positive effects on the health of the elderly. The m-health services for the elderly during the current pandemic were used for therapy, information provision, self-help, monitoring, and mental health consultation purposes. The results also indicated that various factors affected the elderly's use of m-health tools.

CONCLUSIONS

The application of m-health keeps the elderly and healthcare providers safe, accelerates health service provision, reduces the costs of service delivery, and decreases the risk of morbidity and mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak. The successful use of m-health tools for the elderly in health programs during the current crisis greatly depends on supporting the elderly and overcoming the barriers.
Hubungan antara Drug-Related Problems dan Lama Rawat Inap pada Pasien dengan Diabetes Tipe 2
Authors: Astuti Surya Yuli , Ihsan Mawardi , Rahmawati Fita
Published: January 2021

Drug-Related Problems have been associated to blood glucose control along with the morbidity and mortality of type 2 diabetes patients through previous studies. However, studies that associate Length of Stay (LOS) with DRPs in type 2 diabetes patients have not been done. The study that had been done was to associate between LOS and Medication Errors (ME). Medication errors include DRPs because other researchers state that errors are also kind of problem. This study was aimed to identify Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) and to associate between DRPs and LOS in type 2 diabetes patients who were hospitalized. This study was a prospective observation study with a cross-sectional design. Sample collection was carried out by consecutive sampling method in type 2 diabetic patients hospitalized in internal medicine ward in one academic hospital in Yogyakarta. Data analysis was done descriptively to see DRPs description and the association between DRPs and LOS was analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test whenever Chi-square test conditions were not met. Data collection was carried out in January till April 2018. The results showed that the DRPs in hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients were 80.56% with unnecessary drug therapy occurring at 34.72%; dosage too low of 25%; needs additional drug therapy 13.38%; dosage too high 12.5%; ineffective drug 11.11%; and there was no association seen between DRPs and LOS.
Hubungan Persepsi dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Hipertensi Lanjut Usia di RSUD Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Pontianak
Authors: Pratiwi Nabilla Putri , Untari Eka Kartika , Robiyanto Robiyanto
Published: January 2021

Hypertension is still a health problem for the elderly group. The misperception about hypertension still occurs to the elderly. They often ignore hypertension and it impact their quality of life. The aim of this study is to obtain patient perceptions and the elderly’s quality of life who are experiencing hypertension, also the relationship between patient perceptions and the elderly’s quality of life who are experiencing hypertension at Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Hospital Pontianak. This study was observational with analytival survey design. EQ-5D-3L (EuroQol five dimensions and B-IPQ (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire) Indonesian version are instruments used which were valid and reliable. The subjects were hypertensive outpatient attending Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Hospital Pontianak at aged> 60 years. The sample size was 118 respondents which were obtained from purposive technique sampling. Data was collected through B-IPQ instruments to measure patient perceptions, and EQ-5D-3L to measure patients' quality of life. The relationship between perception and quality of life was analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results showed the percentage of respondents who had a positive perception was 74.22%, and  good quality of life was 76.56%. The results of statistical analysis show there is a significant relationship between patient perceptions and the quality of life of elderly patients who experience hypertension at Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Hospital Pontianak with value of p = 0,000.
Kajian Adverse Drug Reactions Terkait Interaksi Obat di Bangsal Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Akademik UGM
Authors: Kurniawati Fivy , Yasin Nanang Munif , Dina Amila , Atana Sanses , Hakim Sarah Nabila
Published: January 2021

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) is one of the causes of patient’s prolonged length of stay in the hospital and drug interactions can be included as one of the causes of the cause of ADRs. ADR related to drug interactions is a clinical problem that requires proper prevention. This study aimed to identify potential drug interactions also identify adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to drug interactions in hospitalized patients at Universitas Gadjah Mada Teaching Hospital. This cross-sectional study used retrospective data collection through patient’s medical records from January to June 2018. Patients included in this study were all patients who received therapy more than two kind of drugs simultaneously treated in hospital wards of Universitas Gadjah Mada Teaching Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The data collected were then analyzed descriptively. Drug interactions were analyzed using Drug Interaction Facts 2012 and Stockley. ADRs were analyzed by monitoring documented effects of patients with potential drug interaction. There were 115 of 362 patients (31.8%) with potential drug interactions. The total numbers of potential interactions that occur were 182 interactions. The most potential type of interaction was the interaction with moderate severity, with 115 interactions (63.2%). The majority of drug interactions occur through unknown mechanisms (54.4%). Actual ADR occurs in 3.3% patients who were 2 pediatric patients and 4 geriatric patients. This study can be a reference for drug interactions and ADRs as well as guide for pharmacist and healthcare in providing the right medication.
Phytotesting of heavy metal contamination of Donbass soils
Authors:   Donetsk National University, Kravsun Tatiana
Published: January 2021

The article presents the results of phytotesting of soil solutions with high concentrations of heavy metal ions. The sensitivity of Donbass species plant to soil pollution was established by specific transformations in the structures of the embryonic root Achillea nobilis L., Artemisia vulgaris L., Centaurea diffusa Lam., Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Senecio vulgaris L., Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. Model experiments on plant germination were carried out in laboratory conditions with fixed concentrations of individual metals and with joint pollution, as well as when testing soil samples taken in the zones of influence of industrial facilities of Don-bass.
Herbarium collections of rare species of vascular plants from the Bryansk Region, found in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE)
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Shcherbakov Andrey , Panasenko Nikolay ,   Bryansk State University named after Acad. I. G. Petrovsky
Published: January 2021

The report contains information from herbarium labels of collections of 68 rare species of vascular plants from the Bryansk Region of the mid-XIX – early XX centuries, found in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE). 61 species listed in the regional Red Data Book. Most of the herbarium collections belong to the central and south-western districts (Klintsovsky, Mglinsky, Pochepsky, Pogarsky, Starodubsky, Surazhsky, Unechsky) of the Bryansk Region. The main collections were made by A. S. Rogovich in the middle of the XIX century on the territory of Mglinsky, Starodubsky and Surazhsky counties of Chernigov guberniya.
A VIOLÊNCIA ANIMADA: NOTAS SOBRE ASSOCIAÇÕES ENTRE A VIOLÊNCIA, O HEROÍSMO E SUA INFLUÊNCIA SOBRE A CRIANÇA
Authors: Joazeiro Silva Raveni , Castilhano Ana Lúcia
Published: January 2021

As séries de animação ou desenhos animados que trazem como protagonistas super-heróis são bastante populares e têm em comum a presença de cenas de violência física nos momentos de resolução de conflitos e enquanto ápice da luta pela defesa moral pelo bem-estar da humanidade. Os super-heróis retratados nos desenhos usam uniforme, têm poderes sobre-humanos ou acesso a recursos tecnológicos avançados para combater o crime. Dedicam-se à missão de proteger a humanidade de qualquer ameaça, tendo como mais alto valor a justiça, ainda que isso implique matar pessoas e criaturas, destruir prédios e cometer atos de violência. Pode-se constatar que a associação entre heroísmo e violência física e, até mesmo entre justiça e violência, são aspectos apresentados nos desenhos animados. Este trabalho procura demonstrar, através de revisão bibliográfica, como os atos de violência física estão associados a atos considerados heroicos dentro do universo da trama do desenho animado, apresentando-se como moralmente justificado ou necessário e como isso tem influência na resolução de conflitos reais por parte da criança, além de sua influência no brincar.
A ÉTICA EM STEVEN UNIVERSE: UM MODO DE TRANSVERSALIZAR A IDENTIDADE ATRAVÉS DO HERÓI
Authors: Possidonio de Souza Samuel , Lapa de Oliveira Rosemary
Published: January 2021

Este artigo discute a possibilidade de uma narrativa de ficção proporcionar o desenvolvimento de conhecimentos em valores humanos, através da narrativa do herói. Diante disso, o objetivo principal perseguido foi discutir a viabilidade da mediação do texto de animação, através de seu herói (personagem principal) na construção de valores em sala de aula. Tomamos como mote de discussão a animação Steven Universe, a qual oferece mediação de significados concernentes a temas que transversalizam a aprendizagem, principalmente tratando-se de ideologias de minorias. Para as discussões aqui levantadas, apresentamos um estudo do documento fílmico, através do recorte de um episódio, privilegiando a abordagem sobre ética, cidadania e justiça, considerando as orientações governamentais através dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. Para tanto, foram considerados textos sobre educação amparados em Freire (1980) e discussões sobre identidade e identificação, principalmente com Bettelheim e Lacan. Na sala de aula, a discussão ética é possível dentro da reflexão: “e se fosse eu no lugar do herói, o que faria”? Essa é uma dinâmica que esses autores indicam – incluindo o episódio do próprio Steven discutido aqui – para que haja a reflexão ética e estética da obra dentro da escola, viabilizada por um desenho animado, de forma criativa e lúdica.
„CHildhood Allergy and tolerance: bioMarkers and Predictors” (CHAMP) -A call for prediction and quality of life
Authors: Eckert Jana , Kahle Julia , Böck Andreas , Zeber Kathrin , Urner Kathrin , Greiner Wolfgang , Kreimeier Simone , BEYER Kirsten , Dobbertin-Welsch Josefine , Hamelmann Eckard , Gellhaus Ines , Schorlemer Christina , Kabesch Michael , Kheiroddin Parastoo , Mutius Erika von , Depner Martin , Walter Daniel , Hansen Gesine , DeStefano Stephanie , Schnadt Sabine , Schaub Bianca
Published: January 2021

Background: Allergic diseases are the most prevalent chronic childhood
diseases resulting in a massive societal and economic burden for the
community and a significant reduction of health-related quality of life
(HRQoL) for affected families. The project CHAMP (CHildhood Allergy and
tolerance: bioMarkers and Predictors) was funded in 2017 by the German
Federal Ministry for Education and Research. Methods: CHAMP investigates
the determinants of different allergic diseases from birth to
adolescence to identify clinically relevant biomarkers predicting onset,
progression, remission and severity. Data on HRQoL and patient’s needs
and requirements were collected, supported by the German Asthma and
Allergy Association (DAAB). Using validated questionnaires and
outpatient visits, eight subprojects analysed allergic diseases in
epidemiological or clinical cohorts (more than 2500
children/adolescents), sampling numerous biomaterials to assess omics on
several levels. Murine models disentangled underlying mechanisms of
early tolerance, translating findings from the cohorts to models and
vice versa. Results: The DAAB survey, including 851 participants, showed
that 83% were interested in prediction of the course of different
current allergic diseases and future manifestation. 86% of participants
considered doctor’s specialized training and their education as highly
important, over 70% chose research for allergy understanding and
prevention as critical. CHAMP addresses these needs. Common SOPs have
been established and recruitment is ongoing. Conclusion: The DAAB
patient survey confirmed the critical need for translational allergy
research. CHAMP envisions to predict onset, tolerance and remission of
allergic diseases and to identify disease sub-phenotypes for future
development of preventive strategies and novel avenues for therapeutic
options.
Spinal cord compression as the presenting feature of skeletal fluorosis
Authors: Gassara Zouhour , djmeaa Samar Ben , Feki Afef , kallel Mohamed Hedi , Fourati Hela , Akrout Rim , Baklouti Sofien
Published: January 2021

Skeletal fluorosis is a rare toxic osteopathy reported as an endemic
disease and caused especially by prolonged ingestion of high fluoride
concentration. Spinal cord compression primarly by the ossification of
the posterior longitudinal ligament and ligamentum flavum, may rarely
reveal the disease. Surgical decompression is the treatment of choice.
Koronapandemian puhujapositiot sosiaalisen median lapsi- ja perheaiheisissa keskusteluissa
Authors: Jalonen Harri , Kokkola Jussi
Published: January 2021

Artikkelissa rakennetaan systemaattinen lähestymistapa sosiaalisen median keskustelujen tutkimukseen. Tarkastelemme artikkelissa puhujaposition käsitteen avulla lapsi- ja perhenäkökulman ilmenemistä korona-aiheisissa sosiaalisen median keskusteluissa maalis–huhtikuussa 2020. Tarkoitamme puhujapositiolla niitä tapoja, joilla keskustelijat rakentavat argumentointiaan, käyttävät retorisia keinoja ja muodostavat puheenvuoroja. Puhujapositiot ovat ihmisten itselleen joko tietoisesti tai tiedostamattomasti valitsemia tapoja osallistua keskusteluun. Aineistolähtöisen sisällönanalyysin tuloksena artikkelissa muodostetaan kaikkiaan yhdeksän puhujapositiota: ’riidanhaastaja’, ’ilveilijä’, ’arvostelija’, ’ahdistuja’, ’huolestuja’, ’laajentaja’, ’tietäjä’, ’selviytyjä’ ja ’auttaja’. Puhujapositiot kuvataan artikkelissa yleisön, median, päätöksentekijöiden ja tiedeyhteisön yhteisvaikutuksesta syntyvinä affektiivisina hybrideinä sosiaalisen median performansseina.