bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 in hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: Aktulay Ayla , Engin-Ustun Y , Kaymak O , Ozgu-Erdinc Ayse Seval , Demirtas Canan , Kara Mustafa , Danisman Nuri , Erkaya Salim
Published: July 2021

Objective

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), a gut-derived peptide has been reported to have insulin-like effects. Our aim is to examine GLP1 levels in hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG).

Materials-methods

The study population consisted of 2 groups: Group 1 (control subjects) consisted of 22 women with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies in the first trimester. Group 2 consisted of 22 singleton pregnancies complicated by HEG. Glucose and GLP1 levels were determined. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Glucagon like Peptide 1 (GLP1) was used (Uscn, Life Science Inc.).

Results

No significant differences in maternal age, gestational age and gravida were observed between hypermetric and control groups. Maternal serum GLP1 levels were significantly higher in HEG compared with control group (P = 0.004).

Conclusion

The results of our study revealed that the presence of increased GLP1 levels in women with HEG could contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. Our results indicated that increased GLP1 levels may be associated with hyperemesis gravidarum. The limitation of our study was the restricted number of patients. Large prospective and randomized studies are required to evaluate the effect of GLP1 levels on hyperemesis gravidarum.
The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on gambling habit: A cross-sectional study from Italy
Authors: Lugo Alessandra , Stival Chiara , Paroni Luca , Amerio Andrea , Carreras Giulia , Gorini Giuseppe , Mastrobattista Luisa , Minutillo Adele , Mortali Claudia , Odone Anna , Pacifici Roberta , Tinghino Biagio , Gallus Silvano
Published: July 2021

Background and aims

Few preliminary studies have shown an impact of COVID-19 confinement on gambling habits. We aim to evaluate short-term effects of lockdown restrictions on gambling behaviors in Italy.

Methods

Within the project Lost in Italy, a web-based cross-sectional study was conducted on a representative sample of 6,003 Italians aged 18–74 years, enrolled during April 27–May 3 2020, and were asked to report gambling activity before the lockdown and at the time of interview.

Results

The prevalence of participants reporting any gambling decreased from 16.3% before lockdown to 9.7% during lockdown. Traditional gambling decreased from 9.9 to 2.4% and online gambling from 9.9 to 8.0%. Among gamblers, median time of gambling grew from 4.5 to 5.1 h/month. Among non-players before lockdown, 1.1% started playing. Among players before lockdown, 19.7% increased gambling activity. Multivariate analysis showed an increase in gambling activity in younger generations (p for trend = 0.001), current smokers (odds ratio, OR 1.48), users of electronic cigarettes (OR 1.63), heated tobacco products (OR 1.82), cannabis (OR 5.16), psychotropic drugs (OR 3.93), and subjects having hazardous alcohol drinking (OR 1.93). Self-reported low quality of life (OR 1.97), low sleep quantity (OR 2.00), depressive symptoms (OR 3.06) and anxiety symptoms (OR 2.93) were significantly related to an increase in total gambling activity during lockdown.

Discussion and conclusions

Although gambling substantially decreased during lockdown, time spent in gambling slightly increased. The strong relationship found between compromised mental health and addictive behaviors calls for urgent policies to prevent vulnerable populations from increasing and developing severe gambling addiction.
The Influence of the Friction-Sliding Coefficient of Support Structures and Parameters of Seismic Actions on Reactions and Reliability of Structures with Seismic Protection
Authors: Abakarov A. D , Zainulabidova H. R
Published: July 2021

The study is focused on a structure represented by a multimass elastic cantilever rod with dry friction seismic isolation elements in the support part under a horizontal random impact of a seismic type. The paper aims at investigating the seismic reaction and selecting optimal parameters of the seismic isolation system involving random impact characteristics, limit parameters of the structure, and the seismic isolation system. The researches are based on dynamic computations; the impacts and fluctuations of the system are random processes. The dynamic model of the structure with the considered seismic isolation is presented in the form of a cantilever rod with concentrated masses; a system of differential equations describing the displacement of the structure with the seismic-isolating sliding elements at the level of the top of the foundations is compiled; and a seismic impact is modeled in the form of a nonstationary random process. An algorithm is developed to integrate the system of differential equations of motion and to determine the statistical characteristics of the seismic reaction and reliability indicators of the structures with the seismic isolation. A method aimed at evaluating effectiveness of the seismic isolation system and selecting its rational parameters is suggested. We developed the computational dynamic model of the structure with the seismic-isolating sliding elements installed at the top level of the foundations, and elastic and rigid limiters for the movement of the sliding supports. This model is made in the form of a multimass cantilever rod that takes into account the relative movements of the masses and the stops of the system on the movement limiters. The structure’s movement under a seismic impact is described by a system of differential equations that takes into account the conditions of transitions of the structure from the state of sticking to the state of sliding and vice versa. The statistical characteristics of the seismic reaction and the reliability indicators of the structure in the process of vibrations are determined for different values of the maximum acceleration of the ground vibration, the prevailing period of impact, the number of masses in the calculated model and the coefficient of friction-sliding of the support elements. The influence of the impact parameters and the system on the efficiency of the seismic isolation of the structures with sliding elements is estimated. The proposed approach to selecting the optimal parameters of the seismic isolation system can be used as a research method aimed at improving efficiency of systems with different design options for seismic isolation of structures.
An Analytical Approach to Obtaining the Stress Field of a Cylindrical Shell with a Circular Hole under Tension
Authors: Kashtanova S. V , Rzhonsnitskiy A. V
Published: July 2021

The problem of a cylindrical shell with a circular hole under uniaxial tension is considered. The main obstacle of solving this problem is the necessity to find such coefficients in the expansion of the solution into a sum of basis functions, for which this solution satisfies the boundary conditions. The study of the classical works led to understanding that none of the so far proposed approaches can be considered successfully, and the results of these approaches differ, so it is not clear, which results can be used as a basis. In the present paper, a new analytical approach to studying this issue is proposed. It allows expanding the range of applicability of the solution and gives the opportunity for the analytical study of the stress state. The idea consists in expanding each of the basis functions in a Fourier series by dividing the variables, which allows obtaining explicitly an infinite system of algebraic equations for finding coefficients. One of the important steps of this research is that the authors were able to prove which exact equation is a linear combination of the others and exclude, which made it possible to compose a reduced system for finding unknown coefficients. The proposed approach, in contrast to most classical works, does not impose mathematical restrictions on the values of the main parameter characterizing the cylindrical shell. The existing restrictions are of mechanical nature, as larger cutouts require another model. Moreover, the numerical results obtained by the new method are presented in a fairly complete manner and they are compared with the results of the classical works.
Research and Modeling of Viscoelastic Behavior of Elastomeric Nanocomposites
Authors: Kislitsyn V. D , Mokhireva K. A , Shadrin V. V , Svistkov A. L
Published: July 2021

The paper presents results of studying mechanical properties of polymer composites depending on types of filler particles (granular - carbon black, nanodiamonds; layered - graphene plates; fibrous - single-walled nanotubes). These nanofillers differ greatly from each other in their structure and geometry. A significant difference in behavior of nanocomposites was revealed even with little introduction of particles into the elastomer. The highest level of reinforcement of the matrix was obtained when single-wall nanotubes and detonation nanodiamonds were used as fillers. The viscoelastic properties and the Mullins softening effect [1-4] were investigated in experiments performed with material samples subjected to complex uniaxial cyclic deformation. In these experiments, the amplitude of deformations was changed step by step; and at each step a time delay was specified to complete rearrangement processes of the material structure. It was found that a pronounced softening effect after the first cycle of deformation and significant hysteresis losses occur in the material filled with single-walled nanotubes. These characteristics are insignificant for the rest of nanocomposites until elongation increases twofold. In accordance with the obtained results, a new version of the mathematical model to describe properties of the viscoelastic polymer materials was proposed. The constants of the constitutive relations were calculated for each material; the theoretical and experimental load curves were compared. As a result, the introduced model is able to describe the behavior of elastomeric nanocomposites with a high accuracy. Moreover, this model is relatively easy to use, suitable for a wide range of strain rates and stretch ratios and does not require the entire history of deformation as needed for integral models of viscoelasticity.
B(ordering) Utopia in Birobidzhan: Spatial Aspects of Jewish Colonization in Inner Asia
Authors: Peshkov Ivan
Published: July 2021

The borderline territory serves a double purpose, being simultaneously zones of cultural contact and cultural barriers–administrative and often civilizational. This ambivalence frequently affects borderline area inhabitants turning them into hostages of border management regimes and outside projections concerning their cultural and civilizational status, and the authenticity of forms of their culture representation. In the case of Birobidzhan, we are dealing with an absolutely modern project of creating ethnic territoriality without reference to the historical context and far from the places of traditional settlement of the Jewish population. The implementation of this project put the Jewish settlers at the center of a complex process of border management and securitization of the border areas. The factors of border and “remoteness” are largely underestimated in Birobidzhan studies. The article fills this niche, emphasizing the spatial aspects of the implementation of the “anti-Zionist utopia” and its complex relationship with previous models of territoriality in the region and local inhabitants.
The “End of Times” and the Antichrist’s Arrival: The Orthodox Dogmas and Prophecies in the National-Patriotic Media in Post-Soviet Russia
Authors: Shnirelman Victor A.
Published: July 2021

A return of the Orthodox religion and a renaissance of the Russian Orthodox Church gave a way for politically active movements of Orthodox fundamentalists and monarchists. They were obsessed with the idea of the “end of time” and argued that the Antichrist was at the door. The article focuses on several national-patriotic newspapers and their interest to Orthodox prophecies about the end of time, which can be traced from the turn of the 1990s. It is examined who exactly, in what way and for what goals developed and discussed eschatological ideas. The major themes, rhetorical means and key words are scrutinized, which helped consumers to disclose the “enemies of Russia” and to reveal their “perfidious plans” and “harmful actions” aimed at the destruction of Russia and its people. A relationship between this ideology and theological teaching of the end of time is analyzed.
Preventing Anti-Semitism and Other Forms of Barbarism in the Present and in the Future through Art: Using the Example of the Play “The Investigation. Oratorio in 11 Songs” by Peter Weiss
Authors: Keune Oliver
Published: July 2021

75 years have passed since the liberation of Auschwitz, but racism, nationalism and xenophobia (including anti-Semitism) are still widespread; in fact, due to an increasingly solipsistic policy of international leaders, hostility against those who don’t match race, religion, culture or sexual orientation is even experiencing a renaissance. Fake news start to replace facts. In Germany, politicians of the (democratically elected) right-wing party AfD (Alternative for Germany] publicly question the significance of the holocaust. According to the polls, around 33% of European youths have little or no knowledge about the attempted annihilation of Jews during World War II. In order to prevent the return of barbarism it is essential to remember and understand the characteristics that actually led to barbarism in the first place. Peter Weiss’ play Die Ermittlung: Oratorium in 11 Gesängen [The Investigation. Oratorio in 11 Songs] written in 1965, takes a very thorough look at what Auschwitz was, how it had been made possible and how it survived in society even after the war. The following article examines the play and its context in literature and films on the Holocaust, paying particular attention to the possibility of explaining the, as Elie Wiesel has put it, “unexplainable” and converting it into a teaching experience for current generations.
Adaptación cultural de la escala de resiliencia para niños en la Institución Educativa Primaria Bellavista de la UGEL Juliaca
Authors: Pineda Alcos Verónica
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: Realizar una adaptación cultural de la Escala Resiliencia para Jóvenes y Adultos a la unaEscala de Resiliencia Escolar para niños de 10 a 12 años, que posea validez y confiabilidad, aplicadoa niños del quinto y sexto grado de la Institución Educativa Primaria Bellavista de la ciudad de Juliaca,2019. Metodología: La presente investigación corresponde a un enfoque cuantitativo, así mismo seutilizó un diseño no experimental de corte transversal y es de tipo psicométrico. La población abarca168 estudiantes del quinto y sexto grado de la Institución Educativa Primaria Bellavista, cuyas edadesoscilen entre los 10 a 12 años de edad. Para el análisis de datos se utilizaron los estadísticos de Vde Aiken y alpha de cronbach. Resultados: Se obtuvo un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.732 locual indica que la escala es altamente confiable. Conclusión: La adaptación cultural de la escala deresiliencia para niños evidencia buena consistencia interna y validez de constructo.
Voces infantiles sobre lo tenebroso
Authors: Ruiz Morales Fernando C. , Del Campo Tejedor Alberto
Published: July 2021

Inserto en una investigación sobre los asustaniños en Andalucía, este artículo indaga la experiencia, práctica y discursos del miedo en niños de 9 y 10 años. La comparación con la vivencia y la memoria que guardan los adultos sobre sus miedos infantiles, revela múltiples transformaciones como la pérdida de popularidad y el blanqueamiento de los asustaniños tradicionales (el coco, la bruja, etc.). En su lugar irrumpen personajes, tramas y situaciones derivadas de películas y videojuegos, que se transforman tanto en relatos orales como en otros productos de la cultura audiovisual. Mezcla de formas escritas, orales y visuales, arquetipos globales y adaptaciones locales, elementos reales y fantásticos, las narrativas del miedo presentes en los niños provienen de una multiplicidad de fuentes y tópicos, que se retroalimentan a gran velocidad. Frente a la tendencia —en escuela y familia— a condenar y combatir todo lo relacionado con el miedo infantil, el estudio demuestra la vigencia y la doble naturaleza de las prácticas y discursos terroríficos, tan temibles como atractivos para unos niños que no consumen pasivamente sino también recrean, propagan, debaten, cuestionan, exploran, juegan e inventan, especialmente en torno a sus miedos predilectos, como los derivados de espacios encantados.
Dialogues of judgement and dream interpretation in folk tales
Authors: Bálint Péter
Published: July 2021

Some of the kings in the narrative actually follow Kantian orientation in their judgment and allow the right of necessity to enter into their thinking: they listen to others or (the good sense of) the truthful heart because of their limited or deficient knowledge. Others, delighted with their self-belief and mania for power, throw scorn on the law, on mercy, pardon, and forgiveness, and let themselves be led by anger, stupidity, complacency, stigma and desire for exclusion. In the tale narratives, they are further represented as scholars/wisemen, fortune-tellers, the ‘foresighted’, ancient old men, old women, wizards, taltoses (in the words of folklorist Ilona Nagy “mysterious people of fate”), doubles/doppelgangers, or animals with extraordinary abilities (the ability to speak human languages, or to transfigure themselves), prestigious kings from another country, ministers, advisors, witches who deceive the king (not uncommonly Gypsy women), depending on whether the intention is to link the giver of advice and the meaning of what he says to the sacred (biblical) or the profane (sometimes mythical), as it illuminates his/her existential character.
«Se llegó a mi oído y, con habla velocísima, me dijo…»
Authors: Paz Torres Margarita
Published: July 2021

El proceso (1674-1681) de varias religiosas del convento de santa Clara de Trujillo (Perú) quedó reflejado en un documento de gran riqueza lingüística, literaria y antropológica, con marcas de oralidad relevantes y significativas. Dos jóvenes monjas, Luisa Benítez, alias la Pacora, y su amiga íntima, Ana Núñez, fueron procesadas por la Inquisición por tratos con el diablo, superstición y blasfemia, entre otros delitos. Analizo en este trabajo algunos signos de oralidad, y algunas de las canciones (el son de «Guárdame las vacas», por ejemplo), y de las oraciones paródicas (un padrenuestro, un avemaría, un rosario y un gloriapatri) sacrílegos que circularon en torno a ellas y quedaron consignadas en la documentación inquisitorial.
Luis Landriscina narrador campesino y contador profesional. Desde los cuentos folklóricos al espectáculo de masas
Authors: Méndez Claudia
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la biografía, el contexto vital y cultural, el arte verbal y tres cuentos de mentiras (el primero es un cuento de exageraciones, y los otros dos pertenecen al repertorio de las «mentiras de pescadores»), contados por el célebre narrador profesional argentino Luis Landriscina (nacido en 1935). Se estudia el itinerario del artista desde la aldea campesina, con su cultura esencialmente oral, hasta los espacios y tecnologías de la cultura de masas (teatros, cine, televisión, discos, internet); se atiende singularmente a los estereotipos acuñados y exagerados del narrador de extracción pueblerina; y se profundiza en la poética de los cuentos de mentiras en primera persona, en particular de las «mentiras de pescadores».
SYNTHESIS OF A 1,2,3-TRIAZOLE-CONTAINING MACROCYCLE BASED ON THE "CLICK CHEMISTRY" REACTION AND ANALYSIS OF ITS PLANAR CHIRALITY USING NMR AND DFT CALCULATIONS
Authors: Yampolska H. , Kharchenko S. , Kozytskyi A. , Kyrylchuk A. , Voitenko Z. , Grygorenko O.
Published: July 2021

Macrocycles represent previously unexplored promising drug candidates, that can be useful for treating protein-protein interactions. Atropoisomerism is an inherent feature of the natural macrocyclic peptides that is significant for their activity and selectivity, and, therefore, should be introduced into newly synthesized macrocycles. Synthesis of the libraries of artificial macrocycles faces many challenges due to their structure and size. Herein we report on the preparation of a 16-membered macrocycle containing 1,2,3-triazole ring, spiro-piperidine, and phenyl moieties, as well as a chiral carbon atom. Our approach to the macrocycle was inspired by the "build/couple/pair" (B/C/P) strategy, a part of diversity-oriented synthesis methodology. We have employed readily accessible starting materials and robust synthetic procedures which allowed us to obtain the target macrocycle in a high yield. Standard methods of amide bond formation were used for the coupling of macrocycle building blocks. Click chemistry azide-alkyne cycloaddition was exploited at the final ring closure step. The assignment of signals in 1H and 13C NMR spectra of the macrocycle was performed using a series of 2D NMR techniques. The macrocycle displayed planar chirality, which, in a combination with a stereocenter with the known configuration, was sufficient to propose possible structures of diastereomers. The diastereomers could differ by the relative position of triazole ring. Their racemization could occur through a "rope skipping" motion involving the cyclic chain crossing the plane of 1,2,3-triazole ring. The supposed structures of diastereomers were corroborated by means of a various NMR spectroscopy techniques and DFT calculations. Analysis of the amide NH chemical shift temperature coefficients coupled with the data on optimized geometries obtained by DFT convincingly demonstrated that the intramolecular hydrogen bonds play a major role in stabilization of the diastereomer structures. According to the variable temperature NMR experiment, the interconversion of two diastereomers did not occur even at heating up to 70 °C.
Explicit and Implicit Processing of Facial Expressions in Depression
Authors: Velichkovsky B.B. , Sultanova F.R. , Tatarinov D.V.
Published: July 2021

The effect of negative bias in information processing in persons with depression is widely discussed in the literature. This perception bias is viewed as a possible mechanisms of the overall emotional decrease in patients with depression. However, most studies in this area were conducted using explicit processing of emotionogenic information. The results were ambiguous and sometimes showed the effects of positive bias in healthy respondents. In this study, an experimental design with both explicit and implicit processing of emotional stimuli was implemented. The face images of negative and neutral valence were shown in groups of healthy respondents and patients with depression. Among 106 participants there were 57 patients with moderate depression. The participants were presented with images of faces with neutral or angry expressions (Lundqvist et al., 1998) and instructed to count their number based on emotional valence in the explicit condition, or gender in the implicit condition (De Lyssnyder et al., 2012). A comparison of processing time by group, valence and task, showed complementary effects in tasks with explicit process- ing. The patients with depression took longer to process negative stimuli, and the healthy participants spent more time processing neutral stimuli. In the implicit processing condition, the healthy respondents did not display any significant differences in processing times for negative and neutral images, while the patients were still fixating on negative images. However, after statistically controlling the age-related effects, these differences were reduced to a strong fixation on neutral faces during explicit processing in the non-depressed group. The results suggest a possible preventative mechanism — preferential processing of positive information — providing protection from depressive symptoms. This view offers an alternative explanation to possible causes of depression onset in contrast with a pathogenic mechanism of fixation on negative information in patients with depression.
Perception Context as a Factor in the Subjective Complexity of Interpersonal Assessment
Authors: Ananyeva K.I. , Demidov A.A.
Published: July 2021

The paper presents a study of the dependence of indicators of subjective complexity of interpersonal assessment in different conditions of interpersonal perception in the absence and presence of context. In the first case, the subjects were shown only photographs of the faces of the sitters, in the second, the faces of the sitters were placed in a situation of interaction between two individuals. It is shown that the presence of a context is associated with an increase in the subjective complexity of assessing the individual psychological characteristics of a person by facial expression. At the same time, the interaction of the factor “context” with such variables as the “race” of the sitters and the level of subjective control of the subjects is shown, the latter, however, being not a decisive determinant of the subjective complexity of perception of other person.
The Success of Information Concealment During Polygraph Testing by Individuals of Different Mentality Types
Authors: Uchaev A.V. , Alexandrov Y.I.
Published: July 2021

The goal of this study was to identify the information concealment features during polygraph testing by persons with analytical and holistic types of mentality. Participants of the study (N = 23) were individuals who underwent personnel polygraph testing, which ensured environmental validity. The experiment was di- vided into three parts: a pre-test conversation to find out information about the events being checked; tests filling; polygraph testing (concealed information test in the option of the name and number hiding). The analysis revealed that if the subject is closer to the holistic pole of the analytical-holistic scale, there are less pronounced differences in the physiological parameters changings when answering relevant and irrelevant questions about numbers (p<0.05). There was no such correlation in the test about the names. It was also shown that if the individual is closer to the analytical pole, there is the greater the subjective experience of a polygraph testing as stressful (p<0.05). The data obtained allow us to raise the issue for further research aimed at clarifying the systematic organization of information concealment behavior by individuals of different mentality types.
Features of the development of traumatic pancreatitis with gunshot wounds to the abdomen
Authors: Myasnikov Nikita I. , Panov Vyacheslav V. , Ba Mariyama R. , Kim Igor Y. , Chakalsky Kazibek B. , Chernyshev Mikhail A. , Samokhin Oleg I. , Panov Alexander A.
Published: July 2021

The features of the development of traumatic pancreatitis in gunshot wounds of the abdomen, which present difficulties in timely diagnosis, are considered, hypotheses are formulated for studying the problem. Two clinical cases of developing traumatic pancreatitis against the background of a gunshot wound to the abdomen with indirect damage to the pancreas are presented. Without taking into account the peculiarities of the formation of the wound canal relative to the organs of the abdomen, in conditions of limited diagnostic potential, there is a high probability of late diagnosis of traumatic pancreatitis, especially in indirect damage. Injuries to the organs of the upper half of the abdomen can be risk factors for indirect damage to the pancreas due to the effect of lateral impact energy and the formation of a temporary pulsating cavity. In general, the management of such wounded in a surgical hospital with limited diagnostic capabilities or with stage treatment in a local military conflict requires the surgeon to know the peculiarities of the course of traumatic pancreatitis, which make it possible to prevent the development of complications in a timely manner. The development of traumatic pancreatitis in penetrating gunshot wounds to the abdomen is not always a consequence of direct pancreatic injury. This circumstance must always be taken into account during a diagnostic laparotomy.
Glucagon-like peptid-1 in obese and diabetic patients after bariatric interventions
Authors: Volkova Anna R. , Semikova Galina V. , Mozgunova Valentina S. , Maltseva Margarita N. , Bondarenko Vladimir L. , Katysheva Nadezhda S.
Published: July 2021

The relationship between the level of glucagon-like peptide-1 and repeated weight gain was evaluated in 31 patients suffering from grade IIIII obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus after bariatric interventions for 3 years. It was found that the level of stimulated glucagon-like peptide-1 significantly increased by the third day after sleeve gastroplasty and gastroschunt compared to the initial parameters (p = 0.001 for obese patients; p = 0.000 for obese patients and diabetes mellitus). In the plateau phase (body weight retention) after bariatric intervention, the level of stimulated glucagon-like peptide-1 in obese patients and patients suffering from obesity in combination with diabetes mellitus did not significantly differ from the indicators of healthy individuals. There was no association between the level of glucagon-like peptide-1 and repeated weight gain. This may be due to the limited contribution of glucagon-like peptide-1 to body weight dynamics after bariatric interventions and the predominance of patient compliance. Thus, the level of stimulated glucagon-like peptide-1 at baseline, on the third day and in the plateau phase after bariatric intervention was not associated with the value of repeated weight gain.
Development of technology for producing essential fatty acids from hydrolysates of high-fat fish
Authors: Kuprina Elena E. , Grishina Evgeniya S. , Yakkola Anastasia N. , Manuilov Andrey N. , Demidov Pavel I. , Ivnenko Yulia G.
Published: July 2021

The technology for obtaining biologically active substances of a lipoid nature, enriched with omega-3 acids, from waste from the processing of hydrobionts by means of electrochemical hydrolysis and cryoconcentration has been developed. A comparative analysis of the composition of wastes from cutting herring and trout is carried out, and the expediency of their use for obtaining biologically active substances of a lipoid nature is shown. A technological scheme has been developed and fat yields have been determined when it is obtained from fish waste by an electrochemical method. The fatty acid composition of the fat obtained by the electrochemical method has been determined. It was found that cryoconcentrated fat obtained from wastes from trout and herring cutting by the electrochemical method has a significantly increased content of omega-3 acids and, accordingly, biological value compared to edible and medical fish oil from the liver of the cod family. It was found that during cryoconcentration, the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids increases, reaching values close to 90%, which allows the resulting product to be classified as biologically active additives. It was shown by calculation that to create functional fish-based food products from fish of the salmon family, it is sufficient to introduce 4 g of the obtained biologically active additive per 100 g of the product. There is also an improvement in the organoleptic properties of foods from lean fish species. It has been shown that in order to meet 30% of the recommended daily intake of omega-3 acids in the development of functional food products based on rainbow trout and Atlantic herring, it is necessary to introduce 1.98 g and 1.8 g of cryoconcentrated fish oil. After encapsulation in nanocapsules, the drug will be suitable for enrichment with omega-3 acids in any food products, which is the subject of further research.
Medical and statistical indicators of injuries among servicewomen in the armed forces of the russian federation (2003–2019)
Authors: Khominets Vladimir V. , Evdokimov Vladimir I. , Sivashchenko Pavel P. , Vetoshkin Alexander A. , Ivanov Valery V.
Published: July 2021

To analyze the rates of injuries in servicewomen in the Russian Armed Forces with injuries in the leading groups for 17 years (20032019). We conducted a selective statistical analysis of reports on the health status of personnel in the form 3/MED of military units, in which about 80% of the total number of servicewomen served. Injury rates by medical statistic reporting were correlated with the 19th-grade groups Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (S00T98) by the International Statistical Classification of Health-Related Diseases and Problems, 10th Review. The average annual rate of injuries (primary incidence) of servicewomen in 20032019 was 11.70 0.82, its share in the structure of primary morbidity for all classes of International Statistical Classification of Health-Related Diseases and Problems, 10th Review was 1.7 0.2%, hospitalizations 6.89 0.54 and 2.5 0.2%, days of labor-loss 239.5 17.8 and 3.7 .3%, dismissal 0.11 0.02 and 1.2 0.2%, mortality rate 22.87 4.41 per 100,000 servicewomen and 18.0 1.6%. The dynamics show a decrease in the level and proportion of injuries in the statistical reporting analyses. The most pronounced injuries in servicewomen were with knee and lower leg injuries (International Statistical Classification of Health-Related Diseases and Problems, 10th Review Chapter XIX, block 9, S80S89), ankle and foot injuries (block 10, S90S99), wrist and hand injuries (block 7, S60S69), head injuries (block 1, S00S09), elbow and forearm injuries (block 6, S50S59). The structure of the types of injuries to the areas of the body is presented. Conducted military-epidemiological evaluation of the negative impact of injuries on the health of servicewomen. The found medical and statistical indicators of traumatism can determine the safe conditions of activity, prevention of injuries, health-improving and rehabilitation measures among servicewomen.
Intraoperative infrared fluorescence angiography in surgery of peripheral nerve injuries
Authors: Svistov Dmitriy V. , Isaev Dzhamaludin M. , Gaivoronskiy Aleksey I. , Churikov Leonid I. , Belyakov Kirill V.
Published: July 2021

Often, when performing reconstruction of nerve trunks, between the ends of the damaged nerve, the presence of diastasis is noted, which requires significant nerve tension in order to overcome it. This, in turn, can lead to a violation of the blood supply to the nerve and damage to its ultrastructures, which leads to unsatisfactory treatment results. The possibility of using intraoperative infrared fluorescence angiography in reconstructive surgical interventions for peripheral nerve damage, in order to assess the degree of blood flow disturbance in the nerve trunk, is considered. In patients with a complete anatomical break during the operation, an attempt was made to overcome diastasis by measuring the tension force (up to 3 N) with which the nerve was affected. Infrared fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green was performed simultaneously. The obtained angiograms were analyzed, and the effect of the tension force on the change in blood flow in the nerve trunk was determined. It was found that when exposed to a force of up to 2 N, there is no significant change in the intraneural blood flow. At the same time, the effect of a force of 3 N is manifested on angiograms by a significant decrease in the volume of blood flow, which is usually due to constriction of the vessels due to their stretching. After reconstruction (microsurgical epineural suture), repeated angiography was performed to assess the safety and adequacy of blood supply to the nerve. It was revealed that the use of intraopreational angiography with indocyanin green is an affordable and easily feasible technique that allows to determine the safety and, equally important, the adequacy and efficiency of blood flow in the nerve trunk. This technique makes it possible to monitor the safety of blood flow in the nerve trunk, to study the mechanisms of compensation of blood supply to the nerve after microsurgical epineural suture, to assess the quality of comparison of nerve stumps along the axis, excluding the possibility of their "twist".
Honorary doctor of the military medical academy professor V.V. Volkov (To the 100th anniversary of his birth)
Authors: Kulikov Aleksey N. , Reituzov Vladimir A. , Sobolev Andrey F. , Kirillov Yuriy A. , Shamrey Denis
Published: July 2021

The main milestones of the life path, creative, clinical, scientific and pedagogical activity of Hero of Socialist Labor, laureate of the State Prize of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Honored Scientist of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Honorary Doctor of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov Professor Major General Medical Service Veniamin Vasilyevich Volkov are presented. His fundamental research in such sections of ophthalmology as the organization of specialized assistance in the Armed Forces, ophthalmotraumatology, combined lesions and burns of the eyes, vitreoretinal pathology, glaucoma, ophthalmoncology, visual organ physiology, lacrimation pathology, development and introduction of lasers into ophthalmological practice, made him one of the most authoritative specialists in domestic and world ophthalmology. In 1967, V.V. Volkov headed the Department of Ophthalmology, which he led 22 years before his dismissal from the Armed Forces on September 20, 1989. His multifaceted educational, medical and scientific activities were awarded numerous awards and titles. Employees of the Department of Ophthalmology of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov are proud that they are students of the school of Professor V.V. Volkov, and the teachers of the older generation were lucky to work together with a scientist who made a significant contribution to the development of Soviet and Russian ophthalmology, whose works received widespread world recognition. Professor V.V. Volkov is a scientist who formed the scientific school of the Department of Ophthalmology of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov in its modern form. Therefore, in 2019, the department was named after him.
Partial papillosphincterotomy with balloon dilatation in the treatment of choledocholytiasis in patients with parapapillary diverticulum
Authors: Soloviev Ivan A. , Musinov Igor M. , Koltsov Vladimir A.
Published: July 2021

Results of treatment of 42 patients suffering from choledocholytiasis and parapapillary diverticle are compared, by which for treatment limited papillosfincterotomy supplemented with endoscopic balloon dilatation is performed with results of treatment of 56 patients with similar pathology, by which traditional endoscopic papillosfincterotomy was performed. Limited papillosphincterotomy with endoscopic balloon dilatation resulted in complete lithoextraction in 92.9% of cases as compared to 92.8% with endoscopic papillosphincterotomy only; an adequate drainage of extrahepatic bile ducts was achieved in 100% and 96.4%, respectively (p 0.05). With endoscopic papillosphincterotomy, full removal of all concretions with a diameter of less than one centimeter was achieved without mechanical lithotripsy; for concretions from 1 to 1.5 cm in size the mechanical lithotripsy was necessary in 45.5% of cases. Limited papillosphincterotomy with endoscopic balloon dilatation allowed lithoextraction of concretions with a diameter of up to 1.5 cm without mechanical lithotripsy in all patients. The mechanical lithotripsy for concretions with a diameter above 1.5 cm was necessary in 60% of cases for both methods. In the treatment arm, two (4.8%) cases with complications were observed, while in the control arm there were 13 (23.2%) cases (p = 0.012). Acute pancreatitis was the only postoperative complication for which significant difference was observed (р = 0.043). In addition, after endoscopic papillosphincterotomy the incidence of bleeding from the suture line was 3.6% and the incidence of perforation of diverticula was 3.6%; this required an open surgery. The above mentioned demonstrates the advantages of limited papillosphincterotomy with endoscopic balloon dilatation over endoscopic papillosphincterotomy to resolve choledocholytiasis in the presence of parapapillary diverticulum.
Intestinal endometriosis: features of clinical and morphological diagnostics
Authors: Pechenikova Victoria A. , Danilova Anastasia S. , Kvarku Victoria E. , Ramzaeva Nadezhda N.
Published: July 2021

A clinical observation of the combined endometriotic lesion of the small intestine and the appendix is given below. Extragenital endometriosis is a rare pathology in which endometrioid heterotopies develop outside the reproductive system organs. At about 1825% of women suffering from the pelvic organs endometriosis, the intestines are involved in the pathological process. In this regard, it is believed that in most cases its lesion is secondary while the primary lesion of the intestine with endometriosis is rarely observed and occurs as a result of hematogenous introduction of endometrial elements into the intestinal wall. Of all parts of the intestine, endometriosis most often affects the rectum and sigmoid colon (7080%), then the jejunum, less often the cecum. The most rare gastrointestinal tract endometriosis localization is the appendix, the frequency of its lesion is 0.8%. It was carried out in a clinicopathologic analysis of 14 endometriosis cases in various parts of the intestine (4 cases of the small intestine lesions, 2 rectosigmoid part of the large intestine, 2 rectum, 2 sigmoid colon, 3 appendix, 1 combined lesion of the small intestine and the appendix). In most cases, the clinical diagnosis of extragenital endometriosis is difficult, and as a rule women come with complaints typical of acute surgical pathology: intestinal obstruction, appendicitis. An important role in differential diagnosis is given to the ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs and abdominal cavity, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic research methods, as well as the connection of clinical symptoms with the menstrual cycle.
Experience of using the «Bark Vibrolung» device in the complex treatment of community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Salukhov Vladimir V. , Kharitonov Mikhail A. , Makarevich Anrdey M. , Bogomolov Аlexey B. , Kazantsev Victor A. , Ivanov Vladimir V. , Chugunov Alexander A. , Morozov Maksim A.
Published: July 2021

Currently, much attention is paid to pathogenetic methods of treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. As a rule, pneumonia is accompanied by a violation of the balance of formation and discharge of bronchial secretions. In order to normalize the drainage function of the bronchi, both pharmacological and mechanical methods of influencing the muciliary clearance are successfully used. The comprehensive use of the entire arsenal of therapeutic capabilities allows you to minimize the duration of the patient's stay in a hospital bed, as well as speed up the process of restoring impaired lung functions after pneumonia. The study was conducted in the pulmonology Department of the district hospital of the Eastern military district. The effectiveness of using the device of vibroacoustic influence on the chest using the BARK VibroLUNG device in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia was studied. In addition to the traditional therapy regimens, 5 to 7 sessions of hardware vibration massage were performed. In patients who received a course of vibroacoustic massage, there was a decrease in the duration of General intoxication, productive cough, and physical signs of lung tissue consolidation. Regression of the main clinical manifestations of pneumonia was accompanied by an increase in sputum discharge, simultaneously with a decrease in the time of its production. The main group of patients was characterized by the best time for normalization of acute-phase indicators, restoration of lung ventilation function, and resolution of pneumonic infiltration according to X-ray data. The use of a course of vibration exposure to the chest allowed to reduce the duration of stationary treatment by an average of 3 days.
Experimental substantiation of the optimal technique for choosing the rotation of the femoral component of the knee endoprosthesis
Authors: Khominets Vladimir V. , Gaivoronsky Ivan V. , Kudyashev Alexey L. , Semenov Alexey A. , Bazarov Ivan S. , Semenova Anastasia A.
Published: July 2021

There was experimental justification of the optimal technique for choosing the rotation of the femoral component of the knee joint endoprosthesis carried out in this research. The individual morphometric characteristics of the femoral condyles and the condition of the collateral ligaments were taken into account in the experiment. The research was conducted on polymer-embalmed preparations of the knee joint, which were divided into three groups, according to the forms of the femoral condyles. We used the standard technique of positioning the resection block and the technique of individual selection of the rotation of the resection block (rotation of the femoral component of the endoprosthesis), based on the assessment of individual morphometric characteristics of the femoral condyles and the state of the auxiliary elements of the knee joint. To implement this surgical approach, typical resections of the proximal condyles of the tibia and distal condyles of the femur were performed, which technically did not differ from the sawdust used in the standard procedure. Then the knee joint was flexed to an angle of 90, Homan retractors were removed and two laminar dilators (Laminar Spreader) were installed in the gap between the proximal tibial sawdust and the posterior parts of the lateral and medial condyles of the femur. This technique provided isometric tension of the fibular and tibial collateral ligaments of the knee joint. Then carried out the positioning of the femoral resection block "four in one". In this case, only the line of the proximal tibial sawdust was used as a reference point, for which the posterior flange of the resection block was positioned parallel to the sawed upper articular surface of the tibia. It is established that the use of the considered technique of positioning the femoral resection block ensures the formation of a uniform flexor gap, regardless of the variant anatomy of the femoral condyles. Thus, there was research a uniform flexion gap in the experiment, which ensured isometric movements in the knee joint and its stability at the control points of the amplitude after implantation of the trial or final components of the endoprosthesis.