bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
När barn blir till belastning och problem i förskola
Authors: Palla Linda
Published: December 2021

Studien tar utgångspunkt i 1600 berättelser som finns publicerade på förskole-upprorets hemsida www.forskoleeupproret.weebly.com under #pressat läge. Studiens syfte avgränsas till att identifiera och analysera förskolepersonals utsagor med fokus på de delar som rör barn som på olika vis konstrueras och kategoriseras som i behov av särskilt stöd inom diskursen om det pressade läget. Tre huvudfrågor ligger till grund för analysen: Vilka uttryck om barn som konstrueras som i behov av särskilt stöd blir framträdande inom diskursen om det pressade läget? Hur framställs och positioneras barn som subjekt i kategorin behov av särskilt stöd inom diskursen om det pressade läget? Hur framställs och positioneras förskolepersonal som subjekt i relation till de konstruktioner av barn i behov av särskilt stöd som blir framträdande inom diskursen om det pressade läget? Kvalitativ tematisk innehållsanalys med teoretiskt stöd av Butler och Foucault användes. Granskningen visar att uttryck relaterade till barn i behov av särskilt stöd som diskursiv kategori är återkommande. Bilden av framförallt två kategorier av barn i behov av särskilt stöd blir framträdande på ett mer frekvent vis, eller med Butlers (1993/2014, 2005) uttryck om upprepade talhandlingar som skapar en sorts sanningsanspråk (jfr Foucault, 1971/1993, 1980): barn som kräver (mer) resurser och barn som behöver punktmarkeras. Positioneringar av barnen görs, med effekter att barnen blir till resurs- och tidstjuvar, riskskapare, energi-släckare, glädjedödare och förskolepersonalen i sin tur de empatiska, otillräckliga, stressade, slutkörda, ledsna och sjuka subjekten.
Allergic Reactions at Enzyme Replacement Therapy in Children with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II
Authors: Levina Julia G. , Vashakmadze Nato D. , Namazova-Baranova Leyla S. , Vishneva Elena A. , Zhurkova Natalia V. , Efendieva Kamilla E. , Alekseeva Anna A. , Kalugina Vera G.
Published: December 2021

Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II; Hunter syndrome) is rare hereditary disease caused by changes in the IDS gene and associated deficiency of lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase (I2S). The main treatment scheme for children with MPS II is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human I2S. The major issue of ERT is development of allergic (sometimes up to severe anaphylaxis) reactions to recombinant enzymes. The article covers features of infusion-related reactions to ERT, it describes pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria management algorithm of anaphylaxis. Whereas, there is the need of further studies on allergic infusion-related reactions to ERT in children.
World Experience in Creating Mathematical Models of Air Springs: Advantages and Disadvantages
Authors: Kuzyshyn A. Y , Kostritsia S. A , Sobolevska Yu. H , Batih A. V.
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Taking into account the production and commissioning of modern high-speed rolling stock, the authors are aimed to analyze the currently created mathematical models describing the dynamic behavior of the air spring, systematize them and consider the advantages and disadvantages of each model type. Methodology. For the analysis, a comparative chronological method was used, which makes it possible to trace the development of several points of view, concepts, theories. In accordance with the adopted decision equations, the existing models of air springs were divided into three groups: mechanical, thermodynamic and finite-elements. When analyzing mathematical models, the influence of a number of parameters on the dynamic behavior of the air spring, such as disturbing force frequency, heat transfer, nonlinear characteristics of materials, the shape of the membrane, etc., was considered. Findings. A feature of mechanical models is the determination of input parameters based on the analysis of experimental results, requires access to complex measuring equipment and must be performed for each new model of an air spring separately. Unlike mechanical models, which allow taking into account the damping effect of an air spring in the horizontal and vertical direction, thermodynamic models are mainly focused on studying the dynamic behavior of an air spring in the vertical direction. The use of the finite element method makes it possible to most accurately reproduce the dynamic behavior of an air spring, however, it requires significant expenditures of time and effort to create a finite element model and perform calculations. Originality. Mathematical models of the dynamic behavior of an air spring are systematized, and the importance of their study in conjunction with a spatial mathematical model of high-speed rolling stock is emphasized. Practical value. The analysis of the mathematical models of the dynamic behavior of the air spring shows the ways of their further improvement, indicates the possibility of their use in the spatial mathematical model of the rolling stock in accordance with the tasks set. It will allow, even at the design stage of high-speed rolling stock, to evaluate its dynamic characteristic and traffic safety indicators when interacting with a railway track.
Assessment of the student’s educational experience as a tool for making management decisions in the university
Authors: Korneenko T. N. , Shcheglova I. A.
Published: December 2021

This article draws attention to students’ educational experience at a Russian regional university. Such experience is based on two aspects: on the one hand, it is a result of abilities integration, and on the other, it is an ability to act in a context of uncertainty. The latter aspect in understanding students’ experience is the most important for the personality formation in today’s complex world. Within the context of the higher education transformation, experience as an ability to act plays a significant role in individual development. That is why this study is aimed at analyzing the educational experience of first-year students and university graduates. Their educational experience is assessed based on their involvement in educational practices in class, in research activities at the university, and in self-educational activities. The results show that the first-year students’ experience and the graduates’ one at the university have functional differences. The first-year students’ academic engagement is higher as compared to the graduate students’. The research experience of both is expressed in a low degree. The self-educational experience at the university is not strategically formed. Comparing the first-year students’ and the graduates’ educational experiences, one can conclude that the structure of the latter is more functional due to the graduates’ limited involvement in educational activities. This means that the educational experience varies during the period of studies mainly in individual competencies, which are not connected with each other. The low level of the students’ involvement in educational practice reflects the weak development of their experience as an ability to act. It is the structure of a student’s motives that can be one of the main factors of his/her involvement in the learning process. Our findings contribute to the design of educational practices at the university and suggest the strong demand for a more responsible approach to designing the educational environment and educational practices at all university levels.
Carpe diem, Alma Mater! The Adaptation experience of university education to the changes in the labour market
Authors: Bugrov D. V. , Safronov A. A.
Published: December 2021

In the XXI century, the tourism and hospitality industry has become one of the most dynamic sectors of the world economy. The need to train qualified personnel for this sphere has prompted many Russian universities to start training students in service and tourism-related fields of study. The article summarizes twenty years of experience of Ural Federal University tourism department in improving the educational program “Tourism” in terms of interaction with the professional community. Attention is paid to unique programs of additional education and advanced training for specialists in the field, and the areas of analytical, expert activities, and consulting are considered. Particular emphasis is placed on the importance of interaction with graduates of the department, whose career achievements in tourism and hospitality in no small measure contributed to the promotion of UrFU in the subject ranking QS Hospitality & Leisure Management.
Development of organizational formats for research infrastructure: Center for Fundamental Biotechnology and Bioengineering
Authors: Kiseleva I. S. , Ermoshin A. A.
Published: December 2021

The publication presents the case of the Ural Federal University in the development of organizational formats of infrastructure for research. In 2016, the Center for Fundamental Biotechnology and Bioengineering was established at the Ural Federal University with the support of the Competitiveness Enhancement Program (5–100). The goal of the project was to form a scientific center for the development of the basic research in biotechnology and bioengineering for medicine, agribusiness and environmental solutions, increasing the effectiveness of scientific activities in the field of biotechnology and reaching the image of an international scientific center for biotechnology and bioengineering. In the five-year history of the Center for Fundamental Biotechnology, two stages can be distinguished – the first three years were the formation of the structure of the center, its equipment base and the development of professional competencies of employees, in subsequent years the created conditions ensured the growth of the Center’s performance indicators, for example, publication activity increased 13.4 times, more than in 10 times decreased research costs per 1 article and increased the profitability ratio. This allowed the Center to become competitive at the federal level and recognized in the international professional community.
Management of Federal Property at the University. Could it be Simpliﬁed?
Authors: Bocharova N. A.
Published: December 2021

A modern Russian university today is a large property complex, the effective use of which is necessary to ensure educational and scientific process problems in regard to academic process. However, universities also have to solve a wide range of social problems related to creating and maintaining a comfortable environment for students and professors, amongst other things engaging various organizations to create social services on campus. Although, characterization of outsourcing practices at universities shows that the existing legal base is incomplete, resulting in long and expensive procedures. All that reduces the universities’ effectiveness in solving an issue of creating a comfortable environment for learning and scientific research. The article analyses the decision-making process for some types of leases and proposes different measures to improve the regulatory framework, controlling the management of state property at universities.
Responses of tomato hybrid cultivars to soil application of humic acid under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Alenazi M. M. , Khandaker M. M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract Responses of three tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) hybrids viz. 'Luanova', 'Savarona' and 'Tessera' to various doses (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g L-1) of soil application of humic acid (HA) were evaluated in terms of plant growth, productivity and quality of fruits, under greenhouse conditions, during 2011-12 and 2012-13. In addition to improved quality characteristics, higher values for yield and yield components were recorded for tomato fruits harvested from plants of 'Tessera' cultivar compared to those harvested from other hybrids tested, regardless of growing seasons. Plants from 'Luanova' cultivar were, however, earlier in fruiting with higher number of fruits per plant. Soil application of HA presented positive effects on yield and physicochemical quality of tomato fruits irrespective of the dose of HA and the cultivar investigated, in both seasons. Soil application of HA at higher dose 1.5 g L-1 exhibited better results in all the three tomato cultivars tested, in terms of their vegetative and reproductive growth, and significantly improved the physicochemical quality of their fruits. Conclusively, the tomato hybrid 'Tessera' was found suitable for cultivation under greenhouse conditions while soil application of aqueous solution of HA @ 1.5 g L-1 substantially resulted in higher production of quality tomato fruits.
O cinema dizia-se de muitos modos: a emergência do cinema artístico a partir do advento do movimento cineclubista no Brasil e em Portugal (1950-1960)
Authors: Zanoni Fábio
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Neste presente artigo, intentarei problematizar, por meio de uma história cruzada entre Brasil e Portugal, a noção de arte no cinema, já que ela vem servindo de plataforma para miríades de afazeres cinematográficos na contemporaneidade. Mais especificamente, tentarei argumentar, a partir das balizas teóricas e metodológicas ofertadas por Michel Foucault, como a redução da exuberante variedade de sentidos e estratégias imputadas ao conceito de arte nos idos de 1950 e 1960 não pode ser explicada a contento pelo viés do apuramento do polo da recepção, como se os dirigentes da cultura cinematográfica na atualidade tivessem, enfim, descoberto a verdadeira nervura do cinema, antes eclipsada pelo imperialismo do cinema estadunidense. Antes, buscarei trazer à tona a pletora de objetivos políticos que o movimento cineclubista buscou alcançar por intermédio da operacionalização do conceito de arte.
Navegando pelo Turiaçu: a reprodução cosmológica do rio Amazonas e o mito da cobra-canoa e sua relação com as estearias do Maranhão
Authors: Navarro Alexandre Guida
Published: December 2021

RESUMO As fontes indígenas amazônicas, em especial de sua porção Noroeste, como entre os Tukano, dão conta de uma transmissão oral acerca da criação do mundo por uma anaconda que se locomove no rio Amazonas e, ao serpentear as águas do grande rio, vai povoando suas margens, dando origem às aldeias primevas. Este mito aparenta ser de longa duração e foi compartilhado por vários povos amazônicos ao longo da calha amazônica por conta de uma mensagem simbólica eficiente e amplamente aceita entre eles, e desta forma aparecendo em áreas diametralmente opostas dentro da Amazônia, tanto em sua porção noroeste até a região estuarina do Maranhão. Este artigo apresenta estas evidências utilizando a cerâmica arqueológica das estearias do Maranhão.
Percepção etnobotânica associada à apicultura: espécies vegetais com potencial melífero para o Semiárido Potiguar, região de Caatinga, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Câmara Carlos Piffero , Ribeiro Rayane de Tasso Moreira , Girão Enio Giuliano , Loiola Maria Iracema Bezerra
Published: December 2021

RESUMO A apicultura é uma das principais atividades econômicas do Semiárido Potiguar. Este estudo objetivou identificar as espécies vegetais mais representativas da flora melífera a partir dos etnoconhecimentos de apicultores de Marcelino Vieira, Rio Grande do Norte. A presente pesquisa é quali-quantitativa e para a coleta de dados foram realizadas observação participante, diário de campo, listas livres, questionário estruturado e turnê guiada. Como resultados, destaca-se que a apicultura no município é considerada uma atividade econômica secundária e promove a adoção de práticas conservacionistas pelos apicultores. No levantamento etnobotânico, foram identificadas 93 espécies vegetais, maioria nativas, pertencentes a 37 famílias sendo Fabaceae, Anacardiaceae, e Euphorbiaceae mais representativas. Em relação aos recursos florais, 91 espécies de plantas foram consideradas fontes de recursos, como néctar e pólen. Por fim, o uso de listas livres associadas a turnê guiada permitiu um registro mais fiel da percepção dos apicultores sobre a diversidade da flora apícola local.
Sinopse de Myrtaceae Juss. no Monumento Natural Municipal da Lagoa do Peri, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil
Authors: Pellis Vivian Fragoso , Ferreira Rodrigo Borges , Caddah Mayara Krasinski
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento florístico das espécies de Myrtaceae ocorrentes dentro dos limites do Monumento Natural Municipal da Lagoa do Peri, estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Para tal, foram realizadas quatro expedições a campo, entre os meses de novembro de 2017 a outubro de 2018. Espécimes da Lagoa do Peri, depositados nos herbários FLOR, FURB, MBM e PACA, e material coletado nas expedições de campo foram analisados. Para identificação das espécies foram utilizadas bibliografias especializadas, imagens depositadas em herbários virtuais e consulta online aos tipos e protólogos. Um total de 25 espécies nativas, pertencentes a seis gêneros, foi registrado, sendo Eugenia o gênero mais abundante (10 spp.), seguido por Myrcia (nove spp.), Campomanesia (duas spp.), Myrciaria (duas spp.), Plinia e Psidium (uma sp. cada). Syzygium cumini, Psidium guajava e Eucalyptus sp. são espécies introduzidas avistadas no local de estudo. Chaves de identificação, descrições, fotos e comentários sobre as espécies encontradas são apresentados.
Ecologia de Sinningia rupicola (Mart.) Wiehler (Gesneriaceae) em duas Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural situadas no Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Authors: Santos Lídia Maria dos , Morais Rúbio Oliveira , Tomich Sérgio , Salim Ione Serafini Hannas , Assunção-Silva Caroline C , Pivari Marco Otávio Dias , Simões Iago Junqueira , Amoroso Ana Cristina A
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Sinningia rupicola (Gesneriaceae), espécie ameaçada de extinção e classificada como endêmica de canga do Quadrilátero Ferrífero é aqui apresentada sob uma abordagem ecológica, baseada na análise de dados referentes a registros realizados em duas Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) da empresa Vale, situadas no Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil: Capanema e Poço Fundo. O estudo visou caracterizar a população da espécie quanto ao número de indivíduos, área de ocupação (AOO), extensão de ocorrência (EOO) e aspectos ambientais dos locais de registros relacionados à topografia, cobertura vegetal e litologia, além de avaliação do substrato, micro-habitat e fenologia. Foram registrados 1.397 indivíduos, sendo 1.254 na RPPN Capanema e 143 na RPPN Poço Fundo. As populações foram registradas colonizando rochas Quartzíticas, em altitudes que variaram entre 1.400 e 1.600 m. As populações foram caracterizadas como predominantemente saxícolas, encontradas em floração entre janeiro e março e com frutos entre fevereiro e março. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo demonstram a ocorrência de Sinningia rupicola em litologias variadas, o que sugere que a distribuição da espécie em ambientes naturais é mais ampla do que a até então presumida.
Atenção Primária como cenário de prática e aprendizagem na formação de fisioterapeutas no Brasil: percepção de estudantes, profissionais e usuários
Authors: Kasper Mariana Job , Alvarenga Luiz Fernando Calage , Schwingel Glademir , Toassi Ramona Fernanda Ceriotti
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é compreender o significado da experiência do estágio curricular de Fisioterapia em cenários de prática da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa (estudo de caso) a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com estudantes de Fisioterapia, supervisores, profissionais da saúde e usuários (n = 20). O material textual foi interpretado pela análise de conteúdo. O estágio na APS mostrou-se um importante componente curricular da graduação em Fisioterapia, oportunizando o conhecimento/problematização da singularidade da vida nos territórios e estabelecendo relações de vínculo do estudante aos usuários-famílias; e fortalecendo a identidade profissional do fisioterapeuta pelo reconhecimento da equipe e usuários sobre o papel da Fisioterapia na APS. Barreiras foram percebidas pela ausência do fisioterapeuta na equipe de APS e pela interação com a equipe, que foi restrita a determinados profissionais, limitando a análise da experiência do estágio na sua perspectiva interprofissional.
Non-classical subject of vision. Part I
Authors:   Perm State University, Komarov Sergey V. , Lumpova Maria A. ,   Perm State University
Published: December 2021

This article explores a fundamental shift in the humanities called the «visual turn». We are talking about the transformation of visuality in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The difficulty of analyzing this phenomenon is due to the fact that the modern humanities have not yet developed a single subject and method for studying the visual turn. In this article, the turn as a transition from the classical to the non-classical observer is analyzed as a transformation of the very human presence in the world. The change in visuality is primarily associated with a change in the concept of the classical transcendental subject and the transition to understanding the affected and temporal subject of our time. In this article, we analyze the transformation of subjectivity based on the three-part mechanism of the power of distance, the power of gaze, and the power of memory, which was proposed by W. Benjamin. We show that at the beginning of the 20th century there takes place rethinking of a person’s presence in the world through the understanding of the destruction of the distance between the subject and the object (the world), a change in the power of gaze and a change in the role of memory in the perception of what is seen. The visible no longer acts as directly given to the subject, but presupposes the power of visual perception and the special role of memory in what is seen. This means that in modern non-classical concepts of visuality, an attempt is made to understand the act of seeing as an event of the formation of a subject. In this three-part mechanism of visual distance, the power of gazing into the visible and the role of memory in what is seen, the act of seeing becomes the very presence of modern man. However, in this case, the presence in the act of seeing eludes the subject of experience himself. Thus, visual experience in the form of a present consciousness of the world that is eternally and always does not correspond to it, is an unconscious atrophy of the most apathetic «narcissist» of vision. The article concludes that the lack of understanding of this moment of presence of the modern subject results in the fact that both the return of distance within the framework of the concept of the classical observer and the complete destruction of the aura within the concepts of the non-classical observer lead to a theoretical impasse in understanding the very experience of non-classical vision.
Privacy and publicity as socio-spatial categories
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Chesnokova Lesya V.
Published: December 2021

In recent decades, there have been changes in research strategies concerning the study of space. It used to be perceived as a motionless «container», a receptacle for people and objects that does not affect social processes in any way, but now reciprocal relations between space and society are recognized. Space affects human behavior, and people transform it in accordance with the economic, political and cultural characteristics of their era. The same approach can be applied to the study of publicity and privacy. The public space is generally understood as an environment open to the public: streets, parks, etc., while the private area is primarily a place of living, a place of family life. Being sociocultural constructs, public and private spaces are not originally specified. In European societies of the Modernity, due to the processes of urbanization and individualization, the need for one’s own accommodation, closed from outsiders, is gradually increasing. Being in a public or private space affects the behavior of a person, who is forced to play a social role in public and can behave naturally in the family circle. The separation of the public and the private in the 19th century is perceived as a dichotomous example of the social order, considered to be natural. There are formed strictly differentiated gender roles that influence the norms of male and female behavior. A man should spend most of his life outside the home, earning money to maintain his family It is a woman’s responsibility to create home comfort and care for children. However, in the modern sense, social constructs of publicity and privacy are not considered «innate» or «natural». Public and private spaces always depend on sociocultural processes and therefore do not have an ontologically determined character.
The role of classic and modern concepts for the analysis of the digital divide factors
Authors:   Ural Institute of Management (Branch) of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Kostina Natalia B. , Chizhov Alexander A. ,   Ural Institute of Management (Branch) of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: December 2021

Based on the concept of explicit and latent potential of historical and sociological heritage for the study of modern types and forms of social inequality manifestation, the article examines the importance of ideas and theories developed by sociologists to identify the essence of the digital divide and its determinants. The article substantiates the author’s position that the approaches to the analysis of digital divide that are developing in modern sociology are based on theories and ideas presented in the classic and post-classic sociological heritage. The article provides the application of the main ideas of the formation and reproduction of social inequality by O. Comte (formation of categories of the patriciate and proletariat in society), K. Marx (influence of economic factors on reproduction of social inequality), G. Simmel (phenomenon of alienation in society), M. Weber (influence of social status on social inequality in society), E. Durkheim (influence of demographic factors on reproduction of social inequality), P. Bourdieu (formation of an aggregate of an individual’s capital as a factor of social inequality) and E. Giddens (influence of innovations, including information technologies, on the formation of social inequality) in the works of both foreign and Russian researchers devoted to the study of factors that determine the digital divide. In addition, the paper provides a classification of the considered concepts of social inequality and structuralizes ideas about the digital divide factors in accordance with the logic of this classification. The authors conclude that the sociological heritage contains both explicit and latent potential for understanding the phenomenon of digital divide.
HOMO DIGITALIS AND SELF-AWARENESS: TRANSFORMATION, CHALLENGES AND REQUEST A PERSONOLOGICAL UNIQUE SELF
Authors:   National Research University «Higher School of Economics», Tulchinskii Grigorii L.
Published: December 2021

The article aims to comprehend the situation and the humanitarian consequences of the ongoing radical transformation of the entire way of life caused by digitalization. The focus is on the challenge facing human subjectivity. The results of modern neurophysiological research show that self-awareness (as the highest level and essence of subjectivity) is formed as a result of socialization which is accompanied by communication in a narratological format. This makes it possible to clarify the content of such concepts as consciousness, self-awareness, freedom, as well as to identify the role of responsibility in the formation of the corresponding phenomena. Analysis shows that mastering the first-person narration of experience plays a key role in shaping responsibility/freedom. The narrative approach turns out to be important both in the analysis of the phenomenology of consciousness and in the analysis of the historical evolution of mankind. It is this circumstance that is crucial in understanding the prospects for homo digitalis. The modern «mega-machine» civilization synthesizes the living and non-living, the biological and mechanical into a single digital ecosystem. This ecosystem displaces not only the natural world but also its perception, the very experience of going through some experience «in the first person». The volumes of information and the speed of its transmission and processing leave no room for reflection. A person is required to provide not comprehension and reasoning but a «correct» reaction, the activation of options that launch the given algorithms. It is actually about a transition to signal communication and «new animality». Homo digitalis becomes not an independent part of this system but its option: a tool and a product. The article provides generalization of the horizon of such prospects: both the loss of subjectivity in digital codes and its being in demand. The analysis performed allows us to outline the content of humanitarian expertise not only of the consequences of digital technologies but also of their development and implementation.
THE CHILD AS AN «ARCHETYPE», «PROTOTYPE» AND «ASSEMBLAGE POINT»
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Ponomareva Galina M.
Published: December 2021

A new stage in the development of the humanities is largely connected with the understanding of the consequences of the «anthropological turn», the beginning of which is attributed to the 1960s-70s. Numerous discussions of this period led to the formation of new trends associated with the change of scientific paradigms and the transition to a post-non-classical interpretation of the «human phenomenon». The purpose of this article is to study the possible theoretical and methodological prospects that open up to philosophical anthropology due to the emergence of new explication models and new scientific lexicons. To achieve this goal, we chose the image of the Child, accumulating the most essential features of a person and a human being and interpreted metaphorically, as the starting point of the analysis. The Child is presented as an «anthropological constant» denoting a person’s ability to innovate and operate with imaginary phenomena endowed with the status of real ones. As an «anthropological constant», the Child acquires archetypal features that are significant for understanding the nature and meaning of any human activity and interpreting the processes of patterning human states. The approach developed in the article allows us to make several assumptions. First, the Child should be considered in the context of the drama of human existence, which consists in the infinite variability and fundamental incompleteness of the «human project». In this case, what comes to the fore is not the task of studying the boundaries of the human but the definition of the actual capabilities of a person. Secondly, the image of the Child embodies a state of transience, randomness. This requires a wider use of the method of multiple interpretations and post-phenomenological approaches within the framework of modern philosophical anthropology. Thirdly, the image of the Child embodies an existential conflict, which makes it possible to identify the complex dynamics of human states and describe them contextually.
HUMAN IN THE DIGITAL WORLD: «DISTRIBUTED» AND INTEGRAL
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Trufanova Elena O.
Published: December 2021

Today digital technologies are the most important force that transforms both social relations and the human. At its early development stages, digital environment was seen as an opportunity for a human to be in the new world that exists independently of the physical world. Nowadays, online and offline worlds intertwine and form a «hybrid» environment where human exists in both worlds simultaneously. The main challenge of the digital environment is the challenge to the human integrity, which is seen as a fundamental human trait that allows human to be an independent and responsible actor who can acknowledge and respect another human being. In the present digital environment, human is «distributed», i.e. represented «fragmentarily» in different communications, various digital files, «distributed» between the online and offline worlds. Interaction between people used to be based on face-to-face communication, which gave the possibility to perceive another human integrally. The development of telecommunications creates a distorted, fragmented perception of the Other, who is thus seen as a digital being that has no real essence and hence does not deserve respect. It is shown in the paper that unconditional respect for the other human being is one of the most important evolutionary acquisitions, ensuring the existence of human communities. For this value to be preserved, it is important today to develop an ability to see the Other as an integral person in the new situation of the «hybrid» world.
CREATIVE INCLUSIVE PRACTICES OF SUBJECTIVITY FORMATION: AN APPROACH TO CONCEPTUAL SUBSTANTIATION
Authors:   Centre for children’s creativity «Strogino», Popova Natalia T. , Shemanov Alexey Yu. ,   Moscow State University of Psychology and Education
Published: December 2021

The article is based on the experience of searching for «roundabout ways» of development for persons with mental disabilities to be able to enter the culture (L.S. Vygotsky). We substantiate the possibility of developing creative inclusive practices that contribute to the formation of the subjectivity of persons with mental disorders where subjectivity is considered as the ability for conscious purposeful intentional activity in conjunction with the supporting processes of mastering cultural ways of human activity (bodily-affective self-regulation, experiencing oneself and others, symbolic practices of mastering the body and emotions, etc.). Inclusion is seen as the development of a common language and cultural forms of interaction in an inclusive group, and not as a simple declaration of equal rights to social inclusion. The approach to the conceptual substantiation of the applied creative inclusive practices is based on rethinking of the biosemiotic concept of Umwelt (J. von Uexküll) in the light of the concept of human as a being that creates the symbolic world of culture as a sphere of his life and lays the foundations of his cultural subjectivity, developing his abilities for expressive movement (E. Cassirer). As a result, Umwelt appears as not just the surrounding world, whose biological significance is predetermined by the specific activity of a living being, but as a symbolic world of cultural meanings set by the symbolic activity of a person (based on the development of his/her expressive movement) within a group of people united for creative communication, with an integrated theater studio serving as a model of this symbolic world. The development of creative inclusive practices is based on N.A. Bernstein’s theory of construction of movements as the basis for ‘substitute ontogenesis’ and the formation of their own subjectivity and cultural symbolism in persons with mental disorders already at the pre-expressive (J. Grotowsky, E. Barba) stage of training.
PSYCHOANALYTIC VIEW ON THE UNCONSCIOUS MEANINGS OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Institute of Psychology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Agarkov Vsevolod A. ,   Clinical Psychologist, Psychoanalyst
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the internal mental dynamics of people involved in the processes of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). According to psychoanalytic theory, unconscious fantasies and meanings play an important role in these dynamics. The sources of these fantasies could be traced down to both intrapsychic conflicts and deficits of the individual and pressure of society. When working with patients in a psychodynamic way, it is important to take into account the socio-economic context, which in the modern world is largely set by the global economy of neoliberalism. Ignoring this context, as well as ignoring the significance of important events in the patient’s life history, usually leads to the collusion between the analyst and the patient in a «perverse» pact. Biomedicine of fertility has become a constitutive part of the neoliberal ethos. Within the framework of the global economy, conditions have been created for the commodification and fragmentation of the female and male reproductive bodies. However, despite the inclusion of gametes in the free exchange of goods, they are not stripped from personal meaning or affectively neutral. Tissue exchanges during ART procedures, in addition to the fact that they act as an element of technological chains, carry relational and social meanings. Gamete donation, even with the conscious acceptance of new social structures of reproduction and parenthood in adulthood, can activate the unconscious fantasy of an illegal «triple alliance» and the unconscious conflicts associated with it. Egg donation, in addition to an ethical dilemma, is fraught with confusion of parental identity and a sense of belonging to a social group. Myths rank high in the psychoanalytic theory of development among its other core constructs. They are considered as an important element of learning through experience. The article discusses the plots of myths about childbirth in the context of ART practices.
LEGAL CULTURE AS A FACTOR OF LEGITIMACY OF THE SOCIAL AND LEGAL ORDER
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Shumkin Evgeny M.
Published: December 2021

In sociology, the interest in order is determined, among other things, by the identification of various factors that labilize and determine it. The factor under consideration, as a subject, is objectively difficult for social analysis and practical application of its results. Among the trigger reasons are legal culture and legitimacy, which are studied in this theoretical work from heuristic and analytical perspectives. It is assumed that legal culture, as a set of values aggregated by society and the state, can itself act as a factor of legitimacy for such an order. The disclosure of heuristic interest is carried out through legal consciousness of a person, a conscious choice of the model of rational (for oneself or the state) behavior, and the work of socio-legal institutions. Identifying the immanent signs of legal culture, we come to a conclusion that the critical mass of socially accumulated and legal knowledge provokes a qualitative leap in the development of both social and legal orders. This development determines the formation of an architecture of not only social but also nomological values, which creates the necessary conditions for the stability of social relations according to the objective rules provided by the legislator. The author emphasizes the impossibility of predetermining the primacy of the values under consideration since social and normative actions ensure the necessary balance of interests that are corresponding in nature, where unsatisfied frustrating expectations are considered as the main problems. Such expectations are associated with the violation of this balance, expressed in the permanent conflict between law and law enforcement, as the quintessence of the penetrating clash of social and legal orders, where society insists on defeating part of the monopoly on violence in the case of citizens’ deviant behavior and demilitarization of the work of legal institutions that is related to the condemnation of non-conformity, and where the state protects the objectivity of the rules of conduct and the extension of their sphere of influence by giving them legitimacy. The considered social order is seen as the basis for such an organization of life in society where the state acts as a moderator, introducing norms as irreducible standards of responsibility of each individual, correcting his behavior model towards rationality through legal culture that ensures legal awareness, conformity and legitimacy of socio-legal institutions. Legal culture laid down by society and supported by the state makes it possible to adopt a rational model of behavior in society and to make it resistant to destructive social phenomena.
Inserción del análisis financiero en PyMes colombianas como mecanismo para promover la sostenibilidad empresarial
Authors: Barrios Parejo Ignacio Ángel , Niebles Núñez William Alejandro , Niebles Núñez Leonardo David
Published: December 2021

La sostenibilidad empresarial surge a partir de la integración del desarrollo sostenible a la operación empresarial cuyo fin es generar un valor económico, ambiental y social para incrementar el bienestar y progreso de las generaciones presentes y futuras; es así como, con base en este planteamiento, se planteó como propósito fundamental indagar como el análisis financiero contribuye a la sostenibilidad empresarial de las PyMes. Para este estudio, se empleó una metodología cualitativa, de tipo descriptiva basada en una revisión documental de publicaciones científicas y académicas de relevancia sobre las variables objeto de estudio como: análisis financiero, sostenibilidad y Pymes colombianas. Se realizó un análisis de los principales aspectos que definen el desarrollo sostenible, así como también los principales factores que inciden en su eficacia, y, se detalló las contribuciones que aportan los análisis financieros a la mejora de los resultados esperados. Los hallazgos obtenidos permitieron observar la importancia de las decisiones de inversión en la sostenibilidad y los factores que influyen en el éxito de estas. Finalmente, se puede mencionar que el análisis financiero juega un papel fundamental en la lectura oportuna de las variables del entorno y la toma de decisiones estratégicas para el desarrollo de la sostenibilidad.
Estudio del riesgo financiero desde la estructura de capital en las PyMes textiles
Authors: Haro-Sarango Alexander
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: El propósito fundamental de este artículo fue determinar la importancia de la estructura de capital en las PyMes textiles pertenecientes al CIIU C13-C14-C15, expresado en valores de riesgo y generación de sostenibilidad y valor económico en las empresas ecuatorianas en los periodos del 2015 al 2020. Método: Para cumplir con lo antes aludido se usó métricas financieras para observar el entorno, se usó dos valoraciones de insolvencia con Altman y Kanitz; en la gestión del valor y riesgo, el WACC, EVA, ROIC. Resultados: El sesgo en las valoraciones de insolvencia permitió observar que, Altman posee una concluyente general, sin embargo, Kanitz permite comparar el resultado en base a una muestra determinada, en congruencia con lo anterior, la estructura de capital con mayor carga al pasivo no inhibe la generación de valor económico, ni perjudica la sostenibilidad financiera de la misma. Discusiones: los hallazgos encontrados permitieron catapultar las pésimas consideraciones existentes de las empresas apalancadas, demostrando que, aunque su compromiso con terceros sea elevado logran satisfacer sus obligaciones y generar beneficios. Conclusiones: Las futuras observaciones hacia una entidad, debe enfocarse más en la gestión estratégica, tecnológica y corporativa, para establecer una correlación sobre el uso prolongado y significativo de recursos ajenos para su desarrollo corriente.
The Opportunities of a Foreign Language in the Development of Future Specialists' Soft Skills
Authors:   Orenburg State University (Orenburg, Russian Federation), Platova Evgeniya D.
Published: December 2021

The changes at the world's labour market of the past decades demand a reconsideration of the education content, technologies and methods of teaching, ways of upbringing, and prove the importance of a deliberate development of future specialists' soft skills as an integrative personality characteristic which is necessary for successful work activities in modern society. This article aims at specifying the content of soft skills as a personality characteristic and searching the pedagogical ways of their development in acquiring professional education. The study was carried out using theoretical (analysis of pedagogical, psychological and sociological literature, synthesis of knowledge on the problem) and experimental (interviewing, conversation, polling, questionnaire, observation of educational process, analysis of learning materials and teaching resources, their experimental application, monitoring of students' soft skills development) research methods. The analysis of literature on the question allowed concluding that the structure of soft skills includes communicative-interactive, creative, reflexive, and cognitive components, and emotional intelligence. Thus, soft skills are an integrative personality characteristic representing a set of communicative, creative, and reflexive skills in combination with emotional intelligence, cognitive skills, and such personal characteristics as flexibility, friendliness, learnability, punctuality, timemanagement, leadership. Academic language disciplines, especially teaching business interaction in foreign language, are particular promising for the development of soft skills due to the diversity of applied activities and interactive methods based on communicative-interactive tasks. These tasks can be classified regarding their difficulty (simple and complex), content (social and professional), cultural barriers (monocultural and cross-cultural), and number of active participants (monologue, dialogue, group); they can be combined and deliberately made up by a teacher according to educational and professional needs. Experimental teaching business interaction with the help of communicative-interactive tasks demonstrated a systemic development of students' interactive and reflexive skills, critical and creative thinking through actualization of their own position in problem situations. The research shows that interactive learning on the basis of communicative-interactive tasks provides opportunities necessary for developing components of soft skills.