bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviewing the Adequacy of Zambia’s Legal Framework for Local Authorities Revenue Mobilization
Authors: Sililo Richard , M. Mukwena Royson
Published: June 2024

An increase in sources of local authority’s revenue in both developed and developing countries has compelled governments to develop policies and laws aimed at guiding local authorities in revenue mobilization. The Zambian government, to be specific, has over the years developed quite many laws for this venture. In addition to the constitutional provision, other pieces of legislation guiding local authorities’ revenue mobilization in Zambia include; the Public Finance Management Act, No. 1 of 2018, Local Government Act, No. 2 of 2019, the Property Transfer Tax (Amendment) Act, 2019, Market and Bus Station Act. No.7 of 2007, the Valuation Surveyors Act, the Rating Act No. 21 of 2018, and the Personal Levy Act of 1996. This paper explores the adequacy of Zambia’s Legal Framework for Local Authorities Revenue Mobilization. The respondents were purposively sampled from the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Local Government, the Decentralization Secretariat, and the Local Authorities. Moreover, the various sources of local authorities’ revenue and pieces of legislation are discussed. Zambia has an adequate legal framework guiding local authority revenue mobilization. It is for this reason that local authorities are encouraged to adhere to the legal framework at all costs if they are to effectively generate revenue and play an effective role in enhancing development.
Special Aspects of the Process of Digitalization of the Museum Space in Russia: Problems and Development Prospects
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Southern Federal University, PhD (Economics), Associate Professor, Pshenichnykh Yulia A.
Published: June 2024

The rapid development of information technologies and digital transformation affected various sectors of the economy, including the cultural and museum spheres. At the same time, digitalization in museums brings both advantages and problems. The advantages of attracting innovative information technologies to museum activities are associated with the possibility of preserving and systematizing museum exhibits, increasing the efficiency of administration by institutions, as well as popularizing and attracting the widest public to the museum space through the dissemination of virtual, interactive interaction with visitors. However, there are also problems, such as data protection and the integration of digital proposals into the overall strategy of the museum, insufficient competence of staff, the availability and availability of modern equipment, lack of funding, administrative barriers, etc. The study considers the problem of using information and communication technologies in the activities of museums. To this end, an analysis of the level of digitalization of museum activities in the Russian Federation was carried out, factors that have a positive and negative impact on the process of digitalization of museum space were presented.
The Interaction between an Investigator and a Polygraph Examiner
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Psychology and Management of Investigative Activities of the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, PhD (Psychology), Associate Professor, Svobodny Feliks K. , Svobodny Boris F. ,   Inspector of the Department of Moral and Psychological Support of the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

One of the problematic issues of research using a polygraph is the importance of “polygraph results” for the investigation. The Supreme Court's denial of the evidentiary value of psychophysiological research forces investigators to seek ways to effectively apply the results obtained by a specialist in a study using a polygraph. In order to determine the preferences of investigators in the options for interaction between an investigator and a specialist based on the results of a polygraph study, a survey of forensic investigators undergoing advanced training at the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation was conducted. The results of the survey allow us to draw conclusions that investigators use “polygraph results” in preparation for interrogation, use them to exert legitimate psychological influence on the interrogated, in order to expose false testimony; They highly appreciate the expediency of promptly notifying the investigator about the preliminary results of the polygraph test, as well as the expediency of interrogating a specialist “polygraphologist” in order to explain to the investigator the “results of the polygraph” and give them a procedural status.
Special Aspects of Coping Behavior of Employees of Law Enforcement Authorities with Various Aggression Levels
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Psychology, Teaching and Social Work of the Volgograd State University, PhD (Law), Abrekova Nadezhda T. , Ponomar Ekaterina V. ,   Psychologist of the Volgograd Regional Branch of the Russian Red Cross
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of coping behavior among law enforcement officers with different levels of aggression. The main factors of the subject's choice of a certain type of coping behavior are highlighted. The official statistics of complaints of persons serving sentences in places of deprivation of liberty, complaints of ill-treatment by law enforcement agencies are given. Attention is paid to the concepts of “coping” and “coping behavior”. The main traditional classifications of coping strategies are given.
Special Aspects of Professional Communication of Employees of Internal Affairs Agencies with Various Categories of Citizens
Authors:   Deputy Head of the Department of Legal Psychology of the Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, PhD (Psychology), Associate Professor, Maryasis Irina B. , Prostyakov Vladimir V. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Legal Psychology of the Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, PhD (Psychology), Vinidiktova Svetlana V. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Constitutional and Municipal Law of the Kikot Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Published: June 2024

The article is dedicated to special aspects of professional communication of employees of internal affairs agencies with various categories of citizens in official situations. Special attention is paid to the study of conduct in conflict situations, conclusions based on results of such situations.
Update of Laws on Forensic Activities: Some Issues of Organizational, Legal and Methodological Support
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Forensic Examinations and Criminal Intelligence and Surveillance Operations of the Faculty of Criminal Law Expert Training of the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, Ivanova Elena V. , Saakov Tigran A. ,   Senior Lecturer of the Department of Forensic Examinations and Criminal Intelligence and Surveillance Operations of the Faculty of Criminal Law Expert Training of the Moscow Academy of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The authors analyze the applicable laws, investigative and expert practice to bring forward amendments to the applicable laws and the bill of the Federal Law on Forensic Activities in the Russian Federation in terms of certifi cation of private forensic experts, validation and certifi cation of scientifi c and methodological support of forensic examination. The article proves the idea that one needs to reach a balance of powers by engaging an equal number of representatives of various state forensic institutions in this procedure. The paper also notes inexpediency of the establishment of requirements for methodological support of forensic examination through introduction of additional regulatory procedures.
Opportunities of Criminalistic Studies of Items Manufactured with the Use of 3D Printing Devices
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Security in the Digital World of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kupin Aleksey F. , Golovchanov Aleksandr S. ,   Student of the Department of Security in the Digital World of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Dukhanin Vladimir V. ,   Student of the Department of Security in the Digital World of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: June 2024

The article gives the concept and classifi cation of devices implementing the principle of 3D printing. The types of traces that can remain on mass-produced products manufactured using devices implementing the principle of 3D printing are determined, and the possibilities of studying these traces within the framework of forensic tracological examination are described. Groups of features are described, with the help of which it is possible to determine the species of devices implementing the principle of 3D printing.
Diffi culties Arising in the Use of Special Knowledge in the Investigation of Railway Crimes against Life and Health
Authors:   Senior Crime Scene Investigator of the Third Division of the Criminalistic Department of the Western Inter- Regional Transport Investigative Directorate of the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, Trifonov Ilya V.
Published: June 2024

The author analyzes criminal cases to review typical challenging issues of the use of special knowledge in the investigation of railway crimes against life and health. A specifi c criminal case is used as an example to show the possibility of using special knowledge to establish crime circumstances.
The Use of Register Data of the Windows Operating System to Establish Cyber Crime Circumstances
Authors:   Professor of the Department of Criminalistics of the Ural State Law University Named after V.F. Yakovlev, LL.D., Associate Professor, Bakhteev Dmitry V. , Belyakov Aleksandr A. ,   Head of the Department of Criminalistics of the Ural State Law University Named after V.F. Yakovlev, LL.D., Professor
Published: June 2024

The article considers the system registry of Windows operating system as a source of forensically signifi cant information about the circumstances of committing a computer crime. On the example of the connection of forensic technique and tactics the variants of using such knowledge in the process of investigation are considered. Examples of information that can be obtained from the system registry, technical and tactical means used to obtain them are given. The expediency of using information from the system registry to overcome potential resistance to the investigator in the course of verbal investigative actions is pointed out. The model of the tactical operation structure in which such information is used is described.
The Forensic Approach towards the Analysis of Illegal Internet Content Subject to Extra-Judicial Blocking
Authors:   Head of the Department of Criminalistics of the Kutafi n Moscow State Law University (MSAL), LL.D., Doctor of Philology, Professor, Galyashina Elena I. , Bogatyrev Konstantin M. ,   Teaching Assistant of the Department of Criminalistics of the Kutafi n Moscow State Law University (MSAL)
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of the criminalistic diagnostic signifi cance of illegal Internet content signs being investigated for identifying information subject to extrajudicial blocking in connection with the legislative prohibition of its circulation in the Russian Federation. Special attention is paid to the issue of developing and improving forensic tools aimed at detecting criminal traces in the media environment, in accordance with the criteria according to which information can be classifi ed as prohibited for distribution on the territory of Russia. Based on a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach (taking into account the synergy of the private theory of criminalistic diagnostics and forensic speech exploration), scientifi cally based recommendations are proposed that allow solving the tasks of identifying (detecting) and fi xing illegal content for its legal analysis in order for a law enforcement offi cer to make a decision to block an Internet resource with information prohibited for distribution in our country.
Female Crime as a Separate General Crime Type
Authors:   Leading Research Scientist of the Federal State Institution Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Honored Worker of Higher Professional Education, LL.D., Professor, Kunts Elena V.
Published: June 2024

A criminological study of female crime was carried out, taking into account the analysis of its components, current trends and processes, and causes. The scientific community and the public, one way or another, have always paid attention to the problem of female crime. This issue was covered in their works by scientists in the field of criminal law, criminology, penal law and other legal sciences, as well as philosophers, sociologists, teachers, psychiatrists, revealing the theoretical and practical essence of the problem of criminal behavior of women. The purpose of the study is a criminological assessment of female crime, an analysis of the main directions of scientific research into legal policies regarding women, the potential consequences of the use of new developments and technologies and their possible impact on social relations in the future. As a result of the study, it was established that the structure and state of female crime acts as an indicator of the moral, spiritual situation in society, the attitude towards basic human values, which predetermines the need for further research into female crime.
El conflicto entre rusia y ucrania: una guerra de quinta generación
Authors: Santos Barón María Alejandra
Published: June 2024

En febrero de 2022, en la denominada Operación Militar Especial lanzada por Vladimir Putin se activó el conflicto entre Rusia y Ucrania. Este artículo busca analizar por qué el conflicto entre Rusia y Ucrania se puede configurar como una guerra de quinta generación. De esta manera, la investigación arrojó que dicha confrontación se puede catalogar como una guerra de quinta generación porque los enfrentamientos se han realizado en las ciudades, que son clasificadas como centros de gravedad militares, políticos y económicos. Así mismo, la confrontación, pese a realizarse en el plano tradicional de la guerra, también se ha desarrollado en su quinto dominio, el ciberespacio, y, finalmente, se identificó la participación de las compañías militares privadas de seguridad en el conflicto. Al respecto, el enfoque metodológico cualitativo permite analizar las características de las guerras de quinta generación a la luz de un estudio de caso internacional.
Influencia de los tipos de liderazgo en los resultados de los indicadores de salud para los pueblos de Yorijarú y Kulesiamana: un estudio en la alta Guajira, Colombia
Authors: Venegas Tobar Luis Jhohan , Medina Medina Jorge
Published: June 2024

Este artículo examina la relación entre los tipos de liderazgo y los resultados de los indicadores de salud en las comunidades Yorijarú y Kulesiamana en la alta Guajira (Colombia), con un enfoque particular en la socialización y capacitación para la mejora de la calidad de vida y la salud de los integrantes de estas comunidades. El principal objetivo es determinar cómo los diferentes estilos de liderazgo influyen en la eficacia y sostenibilidad de los proyectos de salud en las comunidades Yorijarú y Kulesiamana. La investigación se centra en el seguimiento de las actividades y características de los gestores de salud dentro de un contexto cultural diverso y desafiante, explorando si ciertos estilos de liderazgo de los gestores de salud son más efectivos que otros en la promoción de resultados exitosos y sostenibles en los proyectos de salud que se implementan en las comunidades Yorijarú y Kulesiamana.
Los hallazgos indican que el liderazgo transformacional, que fomenta la inclusión y el compromiso comunitario, es el tipo de liderazgo más presente en los gestores de salud nombrados por la comunidad, pero no se puede encontrar una relación de estos y los indicadores de resultado del proyecto.
Covid-19 y Agenda 2030: el progreso de los ODS 8 y 13 en los países latinoamericanos miembros de la OCDE
Authors: Rueda Fiorentino Mariangela , Coronell Paulo
Published: June 2024

La Agenda 2030, con sus diecisiete Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, se constituye en una planeación universal y ambiciosa que mantiene el objetivo central de erradicar la pobreza abordando las distintas áreas del desarrollo sostenible. Sin embargo, desde 2020, los efectos de la pandemia del covid-19 significaron un desafío para el cumplimiento de las metas pactadas. De hecho, desde su inicio, los efectos de la pandemia ocasionaron que los avances hacia el logro de los ODS retrocedieran por primera vez en 2021. Este articulo utiliza los datos del Informe de Desarrollo Sostenible SDG Índex para analizar el estado de cumplimiento de los ODS 8 y 13 en los cuatro países latinoamericanos miembros de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE). Se evidencian resultados mixtos que comprometen el logro de las metas pactadas.
Probability Distribution Modelling of Scanner Prices and Relative Prices Using Theoretical Distributions with Two, Three, Four, and Five Parameters
Authors: Sulewski Piotr
Published: June 2024

This article addresses the problem of proper adjustment of the theoretical probability distribution to the empirical distribution of scanner prices. In the empirical study, we use scanner data from one retail chain in Poland, i.e., monthly data on natural yogurt, yogurt drinks, long grain rice and coffee powder sold in 212 outlets in January and February 2022. Prices and relative prices are modelled using fifty two‑, three‑, four‑, and five‑parameter probability distributions with non‑negative support. Some of them consist of somewhat known distributions which are called their special cases. The study indirectly involves over a hundred of these distributions. Information criteria such as AIC, BIC, HQIC and p‑values of goodness‑of‑fit tests are used for comparative analysis. This article shows that models such as Frechet, Pareto IV  and Log‑Logistic could be distinguished as very accurate, which provides a good background for simulation research on price indices or for the construction of the so‑called population price indices. The Appendix presents the cumulative distribution function formulas of the models used and the necessary R codes for conducting the research.
Wpływ instytucji otoczenia biznesu na rozwój gospodarczy miast województwa śląskiego
Authors: Rykała Piotr
Published: June 2024

Tematyka artykułu skupia się na zagadnieniach związanych z instytucjami otoczenia biznesu, w tym na identyfikacji ich wpływu na rozwój gospodarczy miast. Celem publikacji jest poszukiwanie tendencji rozwoju miast w kontekście występowania infrastruktury otoczenia biznesu, z wyróżnieniem miast charakteryzujących się podobną dynamiką rozwoju w wybranych wymiarach społeczno‑gospodarczych. Opracowanie składa się z czterech części. W pierwszej podjęto próbę refleksji nad zagadnieniem rozwoju gospodarczego miast, analizując wybrane koncepcje rozwoju. W drugiej części zaprezentowano zagadnienie instytucji otoczenia biznesu w ujęciu teoretycznym. Trzecia część przedstawia założenia metodyczne oraz wyniki badań dotyczących wpływu instytucji otoczenia biznesu na rozwój gospodarczy miast województwa śląskiego. Ostatnia część zawiera wnioski oraz podsumowanie.
Metody wartościowania projektów nowego produktu w procesie zarządzania portfelowego w prerynkowych fazach cyklu życia produktu
Authors: Rutkowski Ireneusz
Published: June 2024

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie metod wartościowania projektów nowego produktu w procesie rozwoju nowego produktu, a także zaproponowanie nowej metody optymalizacji wartości portfela projektów nowych produktów w prerynkowych fazach cyklu życia. Poziom powodzenia rozwoju nowych produktów jest istotnie uzależniony od stopnia kompetencji przedsiębiorstwa, po pierwsze w realizacji procesu rozwoju nowego produktu (PRNP), a po drugie we właściwej selekcji i wyborze koncepcji projektów nowego produktu (wykonywanie właściwego projektu). W szczególności z tym drugim obszarem kompetencyjnym związana jest problematyka zarządzania portfelowego w zakresie rozwoju nowego produktu. Mamy tu zatem do czynienia z dynamicznym procesem decyzyjnym, zgodnie z którym zespół projektowy ciągle uaktualnia i urealnia oraz rewiduje bieżący zbiór projektów nowych produktów. Podejmowane są także strategiczne decyzje o alokacji lub realokacji zasobów między aktywne projekty oraz o tym, czy należy przyspieszyć ich realizację, zmienić nadany priorytet, czy porzucić projekt. Jest to praca koncepcyjna i metodyczna, oparta na fundamentach zarządzania strategicznego. Dotyczy badań nad rozwojem nowych produktów. Ograniczenia metodologiczne i badawcze zidentyfikowane w tym artykule wynikają z ograniczeń czasowych, finansowych czy dostępności informacji. Rezultatem naukowym artykułu jest propozycja metody rangowo zasobowej wartościowania projektów – programów w PRNP (portfolio projektów na poszczególnych etapach i bramkach procesu rozwoju), zawierającej zarówno kryteria jakościowe, jak i ilościowe.
The struggle of Polish feminist organisations to obtain the vote for women across the spectrum of Central Europe
Authors: Sikorska Marta , Sylburska Aleksandra
Published: June 2024

The article presents the history of Polish feminist movements against the background of similar organizations in Bohemia and Hungary in 19th and 20th century. It describes their founders and members, cooperation between them and methods of activity leading to obtaining voting rights for women. Depicting similarities and differences between them, the article explains the complexity of factors creating the feminist movement in Central Europe. Their main goal was achieved only after the First World War. The authors mainly use texts by Polish feminists and literature in Polish, English, Czech and Hungarian. They used the comparative method during analysing the sources.
Potential of Biofertilizers in Sustaining the Productivity of Forage Crops: A Review
Authors: Kumar Naveen , . Shwetansh , Kumar Sunil , Thakur Deeksha , . Mridula
Published: June 2024

The most important constraint limiting crop productivity in many parts of the world and especially among resource-poor farmers, is poor soil fertility. Maintenance of soil quality on sustainable bases can reduce the problems of soil degradation, decreasing soil fertility and rapidly declining factor productivity, a common concern in large parts of the world in today’s agriculture production systems. Minerals, organic manures and microorganisms are three major components contributing for sustaining soil fertility and productivity. Among these, biofertilizers are the products containing different beneficial microorganisms which helpto meet the nutritional requirement of crops with minimum investments. Forages are least priority crops with many farmers. Thus, biofertilizers can be an important source to meet out the nutritional requirement of forage crops which are grown with minimum input supply. Commonly used bio-agents are nitrogen fixers, phosphorus and potassium solubilizers. Biofertilizers would play key role in maintaining soil productivity on sustainable basis and also in protecting the environment as eco-friendly and cost-effective inputs. Biofertilizers can improve productivity in a relatively short time, consume smaller amounts of energy and promote antagonism and biological control of phytopathogenic organisms.
The Relationship of Islam and Locality in the Architecture of the Wapauwe Ancient Mosque in Maluku
Authors: Handoko Wuri , Nasution Isman Pratama , Wahyudi Wanny Raharjo , Yogaswara Herry , Subair Muh. , Kholis Nurman , Massoweang Kadir , Firmanto Alfan , Akbar Ali
Published: June 2024

The Wapauwe ancient mosque in Maluku is historically and culturally significant, symbolizing the enduring bond between religion and the local community. This qualitative archaeological study examines the mosque's architectural aspects to explore this connection. The mosque is considered a result of careful thought and reflects origin-related factors and human behavior through its architectural elements. The Wapauwe Mosque shares similarities with ancient mosques found throughout the archipelago. Its three-tiered roof typology, supported by four pillars and a distinctive peak, represents the three stages of Islamic development, showcasing the integration of Islamic principles with local culture. The two-tiered roof of the Wapauwe Kaitetu mosque signifies an ongoing dialogue between religious scholars and the indigenous people, leading to architectural adaptations. Furthermore, the mosque's design elements carry symbolic meanings. The peak symbolizes monotheism and male fertility, while the pineapple-shaped pegs embody the fusion of animal carvings and flora. The rectangular plan signifies the influence of customs and religion, and the mimbar type reinforces the growth and development of religious traditions. Architecturally, the Wapauwe mosque features 12 supporting pillars, corresponding to the 12 fundamental values of Islamic teachings—comprising the five pillars of Islam, six pillars of faith, and Ihsan. This alignment also mirrors the concept of deliberative custom, which includes 12 institutional structures. These structures coexist and interact with the religious hierarchy and its apparatus, demonstrating a balanced and inclusive relationship between religion and locality within the governance of Maluku. Ultimately, the typology of the Wapauwe mosque emphasizes the deep connection between Islam and local culture. It serves as a testament to the culturally inclusive religious character of the community. This cultural Islamic society respects differences and embraces diversity as an integral aspect of religious teachings
On the problem of correlation between population and climatic conditions in nomadic societies of the South of Russia
Authors: Lidzhieva I. , Shurguchieva Yu.
Published: June 2024

Despite the active imperial policy aimed at integrating foreign regions into the all-Russian socio-economic space, extensive cattle breeding continued to be the main direction of economic activity in the nomadic societies of Southern Russia in the last third of the XIX century. The subject of research is the problem of establishing the mutual influence of the population and natural and climatic factors, using the example of the Kalmyk society of the Astrakhan province. Due to its geographical location and climatic conditions, the Kalmyk steppe is one of the driest territories in the European part of Russia. This factor determines the dependence of the well-being of the indigenous population on weather conditions. The basis of the source base was statistical information presented in the annual reports of the Head of the Astrakhan province and the main trustees of the Kalmyk steppe. This sample is predetermined by the absence of a number of reporting materials, both in the first and second case. At the same time, it should be noted that there are minor discrepancies in the statistical data for a certain year in the reports of different levels.
The statement about the use of foreign outskirts as a raw material resource, put forward by researchers in the XX century within the framework of communist ideology, continues to remain one of the most significant in modern historical science. In the course of the study, the author focuses on statistical information characterizing the size of the nomadic Kalmyk population, and correlates them with years unfavorable in terms of climatic indicators in the last third of the XIX century, obtained earlier. It is concluded that as a result of the active imperial policy of transferring nomads to a sedentary lifestyle, the correlation in question turned out to be negligible, which indicates the departure of nomads from the extensive way of farming and becoming sedentary.
Evacuated population in the Khanty-Mansiysk District during the Great Patriotic War
Authors: Alekseeva L.
Published: June 2024

The subject of consideration is the evacuated population in the Khanty-Mansiysk district. A brief characteristics of the district and its peculiarities are presented. The little-studied aspects of the topic concerning the establishment of the number of evacuees, their arrival routes and accommodation in the district are in the center of attention. For the first time in regional historiography, on the basis of new archive documents, the number of evacuated population and routes, their share in the available population of Yugra have been established. The conclusion is made that the evacuated population during the war years did not become a decisive factor in population growth in the district, as was the case in Siberia as a whole.
The Tsar family’s settlements and peasants of the Solvychegodsk Uyezd of the Vologda province at the end of the XVIII-mid-XIX centuries
Authors: Kotov P.
Published: June 2024

The paper analyzes the dynamics of the number of the Tsar family’s settlements and peasants in the Solvychegodsk Uyezd of the Vologda province. The research is based on records sources identified in the funds of the Russian State Historical Archive and the Russian Archive of Ancient Acts. The problem was considered as part of a study of the evolution of demographic characteristics in a Tsar family’s village in a remote northern uyezd. It was revealed that the number of appanage settlements decreased over time, especially intensively in the northwestern corner of Solvychegodsk uyezd. In this case, it was not the desolation of villages that was observed, but the merging of a number of them into a single settlement or the absorption of some villages by others. Population growth in the Tsar family’s village of Solvychegodsk uyezd was lower than in the whole uyezd and in the state village, both in the uyezd and in the Vologda province. However, in individual volosts the situation with the dynamics of the number of peasants varied. The population of the Tsar family’s settlements, according to orders, differed markedly. These indicators were higher for the Afanasyevsky appanage order relative to the indicators for the the Tsar family’s village of Solvychegodsk uyezd and the province as a whole.
Russian population of Abkhazia: geodemographic processes of the post-Soviet period
Authors: Suschiy S.
Published: June 2024

The author considers the main trends in the quantitative, spatial, settlement dynamics of the Russian population of Abkhazia in the 1990s and early 2020s. It is concluded that the period of sharp geodemographic transformation of the local Russian community occurred during the armed Georgian-Abkhazian conflict (1992–1993), during which the Russian population of the republic decreased several times. The post-war years (mid-second half of the 1990s) were associated with a partial restoration of the number and geography of the Russians within Abkhazia. Since the beginning of the XXI century, in the quantitative and spatial dynamics of the local Russian community, a period begins that can be conditionally designated as a geodemographic “plateau” - the number of the Russians stabilizes at the level of 21–23 thousand people. Since that time, the system of their settlement which tends to the coastal zone of the republic, has remained stable. The demographic epicenters of this system are Sukhumi and Gagra region, which account for about 70% of the Russian population of Abkhazia. Its geodemographic stability is explained by the systemic Russia-centricity of the Abkhazian society, the facilitated nature of population movement between the two countries, and the certain socio-economic stability of Abkhazia. The tourist and recreational factor was of independent importance – the year-round presence in the republic of a large number of Russian tourists, as well as Russian homeowners and labor migrants. In total, these groups outnumbered the local population (many times in many settlements), significantly determining the peculiarities of the social life of the republican society and continuously demographically “feeding” the local Russian community. This allowed the latter to increase its share in the structure of the Russian population of the entire South Caucasus from 9.4% to 15–16% in 2000–2023. By the mid-XXI century, this indicator can rise to 27–33%.
Pengaruh Brand Image dan Kualitas Produk terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Ayam Geprek Mak Rumpit Lumajang
Authors: Jamil Taurisma Fajar , Poernomo Djoko , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: June 2024

Ketatnya persaingan usaha kuliner menjadi perhatian bagi para pelaku usaha dibidang tersebut. Olahan ayam menjadi salah satu kuliner paling populer yang menjangkau banyak konsumen, sehingga menjadi peluang masa depan yang baik bagi perusahaan Ayam Geprek Mak Rumpit Lumajang. Brand image dan kualitas produk menjadi hal yang diutamakan oleh perusahaan Ayam Geprek Mak Rumpit. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh brand image dan kualitas produk terhadap keputusan pembelian di Ayam Geprek Mak Rumpit. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan penyebaran kuesioner. Populasi penelitian adalah konsumen Ayam Geprek Mak Rumpit yang tersebar di 3 cabang dengan sampel sebanyak 112 responden. Teknik analisis yang digunakan ialah teknik analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menyatakan brand image berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian, serta brand image dan kualitas produk berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian.
Pelarangan Front Pembela Islam: Suatu studi competitive authoritarianism
Authors: Aryanda Dhien Favian , Aribowo
Published: June 2024

This research aims to analyze political dynamic behind the prohibition of Islamic Defender Front (FPI) phenomenon, especially from Unitary State of Indonesia and Islamic Defender Front’s perspective as a two main actor on this phenomenon, with the usage of competitive authoritarianism theory. Reflect on this phenomenon, this research uses the competitive authoritarianism by Steven Levitsky as analytical tool to explain government’s authoritarian tendency from this prohibition. This research uses explanatory qualitative method with data collection technique carried out by in-depth interview and observation, meanwhile the secondary data obtained from media studies and literature review. The results of this research reveal that state’s interest on banning FPI lies on conducting the policing of societal organizations. As government’s annotation regarding law violations by the FPI, the government needs to take firm action against FPI to protect freedom of association of other civil groups. However, this prohibition intersected with competitive authoritarianism thesis due to prohibition mechanism has abolished the role of judiciary power on review this decision and this prohibition practically shrinking the civil space which can be used by FPI to become an extra-parliamentary opposition on supervising state’s policy.
Hubungan antara ketokohan Gus Ali, identifikasi partai dan politik uang dengan pilihan masyarakat dalam Pilkada Kabupaten Sidoarjo tahun 2020
Authors: Pramudhita Prasasti Ayudya , Asfar Muhammad
Published: June 2024

The regional head election (Pilkada) encompasses various intriguing phenomena, with political actions and voting decisions influenced by multiple factors. This study examined the impact of three key factors—Gus Ali's figure, Party Identification (Party ID), and Money Politics—on voters' decisions in the 2020 Sidoarjo Regional Head Election (Pilkada), specifically focusing on the Ahmad Muhdlor Ali-Subandi candidate pair. Utilizing quantitative methods with an explanatory approach grounded in voting behavior theory, the research found that Gus Ali's figure did not significantly influence voting decisions. In contrast, party identification and money politics showed a significant moderate correlation with voters' choices. Additionally, the study revealed that voters who identified with Gus Ali, had an emotional bond with Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa (PKB)-Partai Nasdem, and received monetary incentives were more likely to support the Ahmad Muhdlor Ali-Subandi pair.
Epididymo-Orchitis: A Rare Manifestation of Tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Pattiselanno Yoshua Ariel , Pattiselanno Laurenz Lolly , Leo Benedreky , Hadi Choirul , Angel Sharon Hanmy
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and now represents a significant global health concern, with an estimated 10 million people infected with TB in 2022, equivalent to 133 incident cases per 100,000 population. Indonesia faces a substantial burden. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates 969,000 TB cases, with 717,941 confirmed cases reported. Extrapulmonary TB, contributing to 15% of TB cases, affects various areas such as bones, pleura, lymph nodes, genitourinary system, peritoneum, and meninges. Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis, a rare type of extrapulmonary TB, is characterized by MTB infection in the epididymis or testis.
Case: A 31-year-old male was presented to the Emergency Department of Budi Rahayu General Hospital, Pekalongan, with a fever, bitter taste, body aches, and cough. Initially hospitalized for five days and discharged upon improvement of symptoms, the patient returned with fatigue, cough, and black stools. After being admitted under internist and pulmonary specialist care due to a suspected left lung TB apical lesion, biomolecular testing (GeneXpert) was performed. Consultation with a urologist revealed scrotal pain, prompting further tests including urine acid-fast bacilli (AFB) examination, testicular ultrasound, and aspiration culture. The patient was diagnosed with TB epididymo-orchitis and treated with a Category 1 TB regimen.
Conclusion: TB epididymo-orchitis is a rare case requiring thorough diagnostic evaluation encompassing anamnesis, physical examination, and diagnostic procedures. Early detection and appropriate management are vital in combating this challenging disease.
Felsefe-Din İlişkisinin Sıfır Noktası: Homeros’tan Aristoteles’e Antik Yunan’da Din
Authors: Taş Enes
Published: June 2024

Felsefe-din ilişkisi hem İslam düşüncesinde hem de çağdaş Batı düşüncesinde önemli bir tartışma konusu olarak yer almaktadır. Bu makale felsefe-din ilişkisinin başlangıç noktası olan klasik Yunan düşüncesinde Homeros’tan Aristoteles’e kadar geleneksel ve felsefî din konusuna odaklanmaktadır. Bu bakımdan antik Yunan düşüncesinin -en azından yazılı ve teorik- felsefî faaliyetin başlangıç noktası olması sebebiyle felsefe-din ilişkisinin sıfır noktası olarak kabul edilebilir. İslam düşüncesinde felâsifenin hemen tamamı metinlerinde felsefe-din ilişkisine yer vermiştir. Fakat Fârâbî ve İbn Sînâ felsefe açısından dinin durumuna yönelik bir açıklama yaparken, İbn Rüşd din açısından felsefenin durumunu incelemeyi esas almıştır. Bu noktada felsefe-din ilişkisinin, biri “felsefe açısından din”, diğeri “din açısından felsefe” şeklinde iki yönünden bahsedilebilir. Her ne kadar İslam düşüncesinde bu ilişkinin iki yönünden de meseleye bakılsa da genel olarak bütün İslam filozofları meseleye, yöntemleri farklı fakat amaçları bir olan iki olgu olarak bakmışlardır. Buna karşılık çağdaş Batı düşüncesinde ise özellikle 19. yüzyıl düşünürlerinin büyük çoğunluğu evrimci bir perspektiften yola çıkarak meseleye büyük oranda, aklın ve düşüncenin eşlik etmediği inanç alanı olarak din ile akıl ve düşünceyle insanın ulaştığı gelişmiş seviye olarak felsefe şeklinde birbirine zıt unsurlar olarak bakmaktadır. Bu nedenle meselenin sıfır noktası olan Antik Yunan’da dinin, filozofların düşüncesinde ya da inanç sistemindeki yeri hem İslam düşüncesi hem de modern Batı düşüncesi için önemlidir. Makalede Antik Yunan düşünürlerinin dine dair görüşleri; tanrı, tanrı-insan ilişkisi, insanın tanrıya/tanrılara karşı sorumlulukları, öte dünya inançları vb. tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Newborn screening in Mexico and Latin America: present and future
Authors: Gonzaga-Jauregui Claudia , Moreno-Salgado Rodrigo , Tovar-Casas Jacqueline , Navarrete-Martínez Juana Inés
Published: June 2024

The first newborn screening (NBS) program to be implemented in Latin America was in Mexico in 1974, eleven years after the initial NBS programs in other parts of the world. In the last 50 years, progress has been made in implementing and expanding NBS in Mexico and across Latin America, yet children across the region do not fully benefit from this effective public health strategy. Here, we review the progress in the implementation of expanded NBS in Latin America with a focus on Mexico and the challenges faced by its complex healthcare system. In light of new technologies such as genomic sequencing and their potential utilization for NBS, we discuss what the future of NBS may be for Mexico and countries in Latin America and the Caribbean region, given economic and technological constraints.
Effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening integrating non-genetic and genetic risk: a prospective study based on UK Biobank data
Authors: Zhang Yu , Sheng Chao , Lyu Zhangyan , Dai Hongji , Song Fangfang , Song Fengju , Huang Yubei , Chen Kexin
Published: June 2024

Objective: Few studies have evaluated the benefits of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening integrating both non-genetic and genetic risk factors. Here, we aimed to integrate an existing non-genetic risk model (QCancer-10) and a 139-variant polygenic risk score to evaluate the effectiveness of screening on CRC incidence and mortality. Methods: We applied the integrated model to calculate 10-year CRC risk for 430,908 participants in the UK Biobank, and divided the participants into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups. We calculated the screening-associated hazard ratios (HRs) and absolute risk reductions (ARRs) for CRC incidence and mortality according to risk stratification. Results: During a median follow-up of 11.03 years and 12.60 years, we observed 5,158 CRC cases and 1,487 CRC deaths, respectively. CRC incidence and mortality were significantly lower among screened than non-screened participants in both the intermediate- and high-risk groups [incidence: HR: 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81–0.94; 0.81, 0.73–0.90; mortality: 0.75, 0.64–0.87; 0.70, 0.58–0.85], which composed approximately 60% of the study population. The ARRs (95% CI) were 0.17 (0.11–0.24) and 0.43 (0.24–0.61), respectively, for CRC incidence, and 0.08 (0.05–0.11) and 0.24 (0.15–0.33), respectively, for mortality. Screening did not significantly reduce the relative or absolute risk of CRC incidence and mortality in the low-risk group. Further analysis revealed that screening was most effective for men and individuals with distal CRC among the intermediate to high-risk groups. Conclusions: After integrating both genetic and non-genetic factors, our findings provided priority evidence of risk-stratified CRC screening and valuable insights for the rational allocation of health resources.
EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN BRIDGE CRANES
Authors: Kovalenko Valentyn , Strelkov Maksym , Stryzhak Vsevolod , Turchyn Olha , Vudvud Oleksandr
Published: June 2024

The article deals with an experimental study of the energy consumption of overhead cranes equipped with different types of drives: traditional motor-based with a phase rotor and frequency-controlled. The aim of the study is to experimentally determine the dependence of changes in energy consumption on the time of crane operation. The study was carried out in a real production environment, where two cranes with different drives were operated under the same conditions. The energy consumption was measured monthly for 11 months. The results showed that cranes with variable frequency drives consume on average 50% less energy than cranes with split-rotor motors. It was found that cranes with variable frequency drives can have a lower weight for the same lifting capacity, which can also affect their overall efficiency.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF ROAD DRIVE MODE SPEED ON FUEL CONSUMPTION FOR PASSENGER CARS AND TRUCKS
Authors: Krivoshapov Sergey , Nazarov Oleksandr , Sergienko Mykola , Sergienko Anton , Mamontov Anatolii , Borysenko Artur
Published: June 2024

Fuel efficiency is one of the important indicators that evaluate the operational properties of a car. There are different approaches to determining fuel consumption under operating conditions, but mathematical modeling is preferred. It was established that fuel consumption directly depends on the speed of movement. The speed of movement is influenced by the technical parameters of the car, the speed limit according to the Traffic Rules, the complexity of road and transport operating conditions, the professionalism and driving style of the driver, etc. The paper examines the movement of a car on road sections where it accelerates, moves at the maximum permitted speed and stops, and the average technical speed will depend on the distance of such a road section. A model was created and simulated simulations were carried out for cars and trucks with a maximum speed limit to the permitted one in urban and non-urban conditions. In each experiment, acceleration and deceleration were varied within the prescribed limits for each type of car. The results of the most likely change in the average technical speed of the car from the length of the road section, where the car successively accelerates, moves at a constant speed and slows down to a stop, are obtained. For example, on a 100 m road section, the average technical speed of a car will be 30 km/h, and a truck - 20 km/h. Graphs of changes in the speed of cars and trucks depending on the length of the road section within and beyond the city limits are given. The average technical speed increases significantly with the increase in the length of the road section up to 1 km within the city limits and up to 2 km outside the city limits. The calculation model for determining the fuel consumption of Prof. was used in the work. Govorushchenko M.Ya. The basic rate of fuel consumption was calculated for two gasoline cars and a diesel truck. As a result of the joint use of the fuel consumption calculation model and the simulation model to determine the average technical speed from the distance of the road section on which the "acceleration-stop" cycle is carried out, the results of changes in the fuel efficiency of cars in different conditions were obtained. Graphs have been constructed that relate fuel consumption and the distance of the road section. Conclusions are formulated and ways of further research aimed at improving the methodology of fuel consumption rationing in our country are indicated.
Analisis Triangle pada Implementasi Kebijakan Pengelolaan Sampah DKI Jakarta di Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) Bantargebang, Kota Bekasi, Jawa Barat
Authors: Tamba Wahyu Pratama , Laksmono Bambang Shergi
Published: June 2024

Pengelolaan sampah dari Jakarta terpusat di Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Terpadu (TPST) Bantargebang, Kota Bekasi berdampak terhadap lingkungan dan masyarakat di Kecamatan Bantargebang. Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta telah membuat peraturan daerah tentang pengelolaan sampah, namun belum berkontribusi optimal pada kualitas hidup masyarakat terdampak. Maka studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pelaksanaan kebijakan pengelolaan sampah Jakarta di TPST Bantargebang. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi dokumen, yaitu menelaah peraturan daerah tentang pengelolaan sampah, menggunakan analisis triangle. Hasil analisis konten kebijakan pengelolaan sampah Jakarta mengalami perubahan, namun belum teridentifikasi dengan jelas antara masyarakat Jakarta dan masyarakat terdampak. Adanya interaksi para aktor ditandai dengan sinergitas Pemprov DKI Jakarta dan Pemkot Bekasi, serta masyarakat selaku penerima kompensasi. Distribusi kompensasi dipengaruhi oleh empat konteks: situasional, struktural, budaya dan internasional. Peneliti merekomendasikan peninjauan kembali kebijakan dan peraturan Pengelolaan sampah dengan mengklasifikasikan tipologi masyarakat agar pengaturan hak dan kewajiban semakin jelas, serta pengorbanan dan perlakuan hak masyarakat terdampak menjadi setara.