bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relation between Height Loss and Cardiovascular Disease: Data from Large Korean Cohort
Authors: Moon Jeonggeun , Oh Pyung Chun , Lee Kyounghoon , Jang Ho-Jun , Kim Tae-Hoon , Park Sang-Don , Kwon Sung Woo , Kong Min Gyu , Suh Jon , Kang Woong Chol
Published: April 2022

Background
Epidemiologic research has confirmed the inverse relationship between adult height and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Height declines with age and its degree differs from person to person.
Aim
To investigate the association between height loss and CVD incidence.
Methods
In total, 127 573 ethnically Korean patients were enrolled, and their height (cm) was monitored from 2002 to 2011. The annual height loss (cm/year) was calculated as the difference between the first and the last height measurement within the observation period divided by the number of years. Patients were classified as Group 1 (reference group; height loss: 0 to < 0.3 cm/year; 102 554 patients), Group 2 (height loss: 0.3 to < 0.6 cm/year; 17 324 patients), or Group 3 (height loss: ≥0.6 cm/year; 7695 patients).
Results
The cumulative MACCE incidence rate was 3.6% for Group 1, 4.5% for Group 2, and 5.2% for Group 3. Group 3 had a significantly higher incidence of MACCE than Group 1 (Group 1: hazard ratio [HR] = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.32–1.62; Group 2: HR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.17–1.37). In the model adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities, income level, body mass index, smoking, and drinking status, the MACCE risk was 1.25 times higher in Group 3 than Group 1 (95% CI = 1.13–1.40).
Conclusions
The degree of height loss was independently associated with CVD occurrences in the Korean population.
The contemporary challenges municipalities face in effectively implementing municipal service partnerships
Authors: Mamokhere John , Mabeba Selaelo John , Kgobe France Khutso Lavhelani
Published: April 2022

In South Africa, Municipal Service Partnerships (MSPs) have been in existence afore the global breakout of COVID-19 Pandemic as an essential mechanism to expand and accelerate municipal service delivery in the local government sphere. However, once the National Lockdown (NL) was put in place by the state president Cyril Ramaphosa on the 26 of March 2020, many South African municipalities were and still are pushed to look for assistance from their partners in the private sector in order to help with addressing the challenges, imposed by the pandemic, especially, service delivery backlogs. Municipalities are entering into service contracts with the private sector for the provision of basic services that are deemed essential in terms of the National Lockdown Regulations (NLRs). In curbing the spread of the virus in the communities, municipalities extended their effort by commonly cooperating with private partners. For instance, most municipalities went to an extend of collaborating with private partners and other government agencies like Rand Water for the provision of water and water tanks at different schools and communities across the provinces and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), namely masks and hand sanitisers. Methodologically, this is a conceptual paper that is embedded from secondary data. The secondary data was analysed through the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach. The article argues that South African municipalities and their MSPs are faced with huge challenges more than ever. It also argues that private partners have been long-standing with a commitment to serve communities on behalf of the government and that now includes partnering with the government in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. The call by President Ramaphosa has been noted for increased partnerships, solidarity, collaboration and the sharing of knowledge and experience to fight the pandemic, poverty, service delivery backlogs and social injustice. The paper concludes by offering feasible solutions to curb the challenges, faced by MSPs and service delivery backlogs.
Exploring the performance of shared-value banking at discovery bank: a leadership perspective
Authors: Omar Mahomed Shoaib , Madzimure Jeremiah
Published: April 2022

The concept of shared value was born out of a determined effort to find methods for the corporate sector and society to grow while being sustainable. Often, banks are criticised for focusing on maximising shareholder value and not addressing societal issues or creating value for society. However, corporate shared value in banking is beginning to be embraced in the financial banking sector. Discovery Bank is a new-to-market entrant in the South African banking sector that has implemented shared-value banking to distinguish itself from competitors and create value for society. There are limited studies that explore the performance of shared-value banking in South Africa and whether implementation is viable or provides a competitive advantage. This study aimed to explore the performance of shared-value banking based on the perceptions of Discovery Bank leaders using a qualitative study methodology. The population in this study comprised 300 employees of Discovery Bank that was involved in the implementation of Discovery Bank since 2019. The target population of this research inquiry was 30 leaders of Discovery Bank. From the target population, 8 participants were chosen as the appropriate sample size to obtain the necessary data to address research objectives through interviews. Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software, NVivo version 1.5.2 (946), was used to analyse data. Study findings were used to draw up recommendations to Discovery Bank South Africa management regarding improvement areas to meet performance objectives. The findings of the study revealed the following: Discovery Bank has created its shared-value banking model that deviates from the academic framework, it has created a new market of highly desirable clients who exhibit healthy financial behaviours and enhancing client engagement through client communication may yield greater success. Limitations and areas of future research was addressed in this study.
A critical evaluation of Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara’s servant leadership style of government in Burkina-Faso
Authors: Yesufu Shaka
Published: April 2022

Many authors have written and documented this illustrious and selfless son of the African continent, highlighting his unique kind of leadership different from the one that the African continent has ever experienced for a generation. His style of leadership for four years (1983–1987) as president of Burkina Faso eclipsed several African despots and corrupt leaders before and after Thomas Sankara. This article has three purposes as follows: first, to explore and celebrate the short-lived life of Thomas Sankara, and his legacies. Second, to critically evaluate his solid leadership characteristics and achievements relating it to the economy; Political, social, health, while serving as the President of Burkina Faso. Third, to highlight some of his shortcomings with the view that current and future leaders of African countries can learn from such shortcomings. This study is informed by the post-colonial theories of Ali Mazrui and Frantz Fanon. The author makes the following interesting findings. First, Sankara may have met his demise because of his country’s foreign policy (Non- Aligned), his relentless anti-imperialist campaign. The author acknowledges the solid achievements, made during Sankara’s brief term in office, are inspirational in the psyche of African men and women of his generation. If there is anything the author and many admirers and well-wishers of Sankara would like to see, is that his murderers are all brought to justice. More importantly, there are several lessons or styles of governance for African leaders both at home and in the diaspora to learn from this great man Thomas Sankara.
Histology and External Morphological Assessment on Ovarian Maturation Stages of Wild Female Banana Shrimp, Penaeus merguiensis (de Man, 1888) for Broodstock Selection Purpose
Authors: Hidayah Manan  , Adnan Amin-Safwan  , Irma Wahida Shakri  , Nor Azman Kasan  , Mhd Ikhwanuddin
Published: April 2022

Study on ovarian maturation stages were carried out using external morphological assessment of ovarian colourations and histological assessment of Oocyte structure for broodstock selection purpose. Stage 1 to Stage 4 of female shrimps broodstock were sampled from Kuala Muda, Kedah, Malaysia. Four obvious colourations of ovary stages were identified which are: yellow (Stage 1), green yellowish (Stage 2), light greenish (Stage 3) and dark green (Stage 4) through the morphological assessment. The Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) showed significant increment as the gonad reach advance stages. Histological assessment of Stage 1 ovary identified perinucleolar oocyte (PO) with small size oocytes. Stage 2 ovary was identified with yolkless oocyte (YO), Stage 3 ovary was identified with late stage of yolky globules and Stage 4 ovary was identified with fully yolky globules. From the results achieved, it can be concluded that the ovarian colourations and GSI can be applied to identify the ovarian maturation stages, meanwhile, the histology assessment is the most precise method to determine the ovarian maturation stages in more details and accurate for each of the ovarian maturation stages.

 

Kajian mengenai peringkat kematangan ovari telah dijalankan menggunakan penilaian morfologi luaran pewarnaan ovari dan penilaian histologi struktur oosit untuk tujuan pemilihan induk. Peringkat 1 hingga Peringkat 4 induk udang betina telah diambil sampel dari Kuala Muda, Kedah, Malaysia. Empat warna jelas peringkat ovari telah dikenal pasti iaitu: kuning (Peringkat 1), hijau kekuningan (Peringkat 2), hijau muda (Peringkat 3) dan hijau gelap (Peringkat 4) melalui penilaian morfologi. Indeks Gonadosomatic (GSI) menunjukkan peningkatan yang ketara apabila gonad mencapai peringkat lebih tinggi. Penilaian histologi ovari Peringkat 1 mengenal pasti perinucleolar oocyte (PO) dengan oosit saiz kecil. Ovari Peringkat 2 telah dikenal pasti dengan yolkless oocyte (YO), ovari Peringkat 3 telah dikenal pasti dengan peringkat akhir globul kuning dan ovari Peringkat 4 telah dikenal pasti dengan globul kuning sepenuhnya. Dari keputusan yang dicapai, dapat disimpulkan bahawa pewarnaan ovari dan GSI boleh digunakan untuk mengenal pasti peringkat kematangan ovari, sementara itu, penilaian histologi merupakan kaedah yang paling tepat untuk menentukan peringkat kematangan ovari dengan lebih terperinci dan tepat untuk setiap peringkat.
Developing and Assessing Creative Scientific Talent that is Transformational through Real Engagement in Active Problem Solving (REAPS)
Authors: Maker C. June , Bahar Kadir , Alfaiz Fahad , Pease Randy
Published: April 2022

Real Engagement in Active Problem Solving (REAPS) cultivates exceptional talent across disciplines through students solving problems that are real in their lives. In this study, the focus was on scientific talent: to determine students’ growth in creative problem solving in science in classrooms in which REAPS was implemented. Using a repeated measures t-test, we found statistically significant changes in total creative problem solving in science across two tasks: ‘Problems and Solutions’ and ‘Grouping Flowers’ (M = 3.82, SD = 20.72, p = .01). Using multivariate regression, the level of fidelity of implementation of REAPS explained 9.8% of the variance in total creative problem solving in science across both tasks (p = .04). Differences were found in sub-scores in both analyses. We recommend use of REAPS to develop transformational scientific talent by engaging students in solving problems that are real and important in their world.
High Achievement and the Musically Gifted: How Music Educators across New South Wales, Australia Develop and Extend Their Most Capable Students
Authors: White Rachel
Published: April 2022

Musical giftedness can manifest in many ways, and music teachers should be able to identify high musical potential beyond the demonstration of instrumental skill or musical knowledge. It is important to have a multi-faceted approach to the education of musically gifted students, particularly in the senior secondary years when students are beginning to reach higher levels of musical proficiency. As part of a study examining high achievement in senior secondary music, 50 teachers in 23 schools across New South Wales were asked about how they supported and extended the musically gifted students at their school. Results showed that participants were intuitively utilising gifted education strategies and approaches in their teaching. However, it was mainly students with demonstrable talent who were benefiting from their expertise. This study advocates for all music educators working with high achieving and gifted musicians to broaden their skills and knowledge of gifted education practices to better serve all students with high musical potential.
Assessment of the external debt impact on a country’s economic development indicators: Evidence from Ukraine
Authors: Petrushenko Yuriy , Korneyev Maxim , Nebaba Natalia , Banchuk-Petrosova Olena , Bohorodytska Anna
Published: April 2022

External public debt is not only a means of raising funds to finance public needs, but also an effective tool for stabilizing a country`s economic development, the assessment and analysis of which allows making effective management decisions at the state level and developing effective measures to improve the economic and debt situation. The paper aims to assess the impact of external public debt on Ukraine’s economic development indicators (GDP, foreign direct investment, foreign exchange reserves). In order to achieve the stated goal distributed lag models are used, which allow modeling a country’s economic development (according to key indicators) within certain forecast scenarios. The study covers the period from 2009 to 2021. An analysis of the dynamics of external public debt in Ukraine led to the conclusion about the unstable debt situation in Ukraine and a significant increase in external debt in recent years. Econometric models with a distributed lag of three years are built and the results of the influence of external public debt in different time periods are analyzed. The average lag in the built models is about one and a half years (for GDP) and two and a half years (for foreign direct investment). This value indicates that the average change (increase/decrease) in external public debt will change economic development over time. A positive conclusion is made on the possibility of not only assessing the time lag between the indicators, but also on the prospects for forecasting both the public debt and key indicators of Ukraine`s economic development.
AcknowledgmentThe article was published as part of research projects “Convergence of economic and educational transformations in the digital society: modeling the impact on regional and national security” (No. 0121U109553) and “Reforming the lifelong learning system in Ukraine for the prevention of the labor emigration: a coopetition model of institutional partnership” (No. 0120U102001).
Játék és tanulás egyszerre?
Authors: Vekety Boglárka
Published: April 2022

Jesztl József és Lencse Máté (2018): Társasjáték-pedagógia. Demokratikus Ifjúságért Alapítvány, Budapest. Letölthető innen: https://mek.oszk.hu/18800/18806/
Identification of priority areas for rehabilitation in wastewater systems using ENTROPY, ELECTRE and TOPSIS
Authors: Orhan Cansu , Firat Mahmut , Yilmaz Salih
Published: April 2022

Wastewater system failures cause operating conditions to deteriorate. Therefore, risk factors should be identified and rehabilitation priority should be established by considering all factors. Determining rehabilitation priority areas is very important in terms of public health, service quality and operating cost. The aim of this study, which was carried out in Malatya, Turkey, was to determine rehabilitation priority in wastewater systems by integrating the ENTROPY, ELECTRE and TOPSIS methods. Some 26 physical, hydraulic, operating and cost factors were considered. The factor weightings were determined by the ENTROPY method to define the factors’ contributions, based on the field data. Rehabilitation priorities were then determined separately using ELECTRE and TOPSIS, taking the factor weights and field data into consideration. Priority regions in rehabilitation were obtained similar according to both methods. The results obtained will provide a reference for wastewater system management and determination of rehabilitation priorities.
Müzik Öğretmeni Adaylarının Çalgı Çalışma Taktiklerinin Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇİFTÇİ H. Emre , ERİM Ali
Published: April 2022

Alanyazında çalgı çalışma sürecinde kullanılan çalışma taktiklerinin çalgı performansını etkilediğine ilişkin çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu süreçte kişilere özgü farklılıkların olduğu da bilinmektedir. Bu kapsamda bu araştırmada, çalgı çalışma taktikleri ile bireysel özellikler arasındaki ilişkinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Süreçte Ege Bölgesinde yer alan dört üniversitenin eğitim fakültesi müzik eğitimi anabilim dallarında öğrenim gören 362 öğretmen adayı ile çalışılmıştır. Veriler, Özmenteş (2007) tarafında geliştirilen “Çalgı Çalışma Taktikleri Anketi” kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve Tukey testi yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, katılımcıların kullandığı “bilişsel çalışma taktikleri” ile “çalışma zamanı yönetimi taktikleri”nin günlük çalışma sürelerine ve başarı puan ortalamalarına göre anlamlı farklılıklar gösterdiği; “üstbilişsel çalışma taktikleri”nin ise çalgı deneyim yılına, günlük çalışma sürelerine ve başarı puan ortalamalarına göre anlamlı düzeyde fark gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte öğretmen adaylarının kullandığı bilişsel, üstbilişsel ve çalışma zamanı yönetimi taktiklerinin cinsiyete, yaşa, eğitim gördükleri okula, sınıfa ve çalgı türüne göre değişiklik göstermediği görülmüştür.
Krótki zarys determinizmów nowoczesnej rodziny
Authors: Śniadała Klaudia
Published: April 2022

Model tradycyjnej rodziny zanika, tzn., że ludzie młodzi coraz bardziej nastawieni są na rodzinę 2+1. Obumierają także wartości przekazywane przez starsze pokolenia. Teraz młodzi ludzie bardziej nastawieni są na skończenie szkoły, znalezienie dobrej pracy, a dopiero później na wkroczenie w etap zakładania rodziny. Widać, że młodym ludziom bardziej zależy na karierze i sukcesach lub po prostu posiadaniu pracy, co w dzisiejszych czasach, czyli czasach pandemii również nie jest łatwym zadaniem. Są również takie osoby, które boją się zakładać rodzinę z obawy, że nie będą w stanie utrzymać swojego potomka. Warto wspomnieć także o tym, iż niestety bardzo często młodzi ludzie odkładają decyzję na później o zawarciu związku małżeńskiego z powodu wygody (bo tak lepiej, łatwiej żyć itp.), co kiedyś było nie do pomyślenia. Wydaje się, że dzisiejsza sytuacja z tego punktu widzenia jest wyjątkowo trudna, lecz mimo to można coś w tym względzie zaradzić.

Można więc postawić tezę, że bardzo istotna w kontekście wychodzenia z tak postrzeganego kryzysu rodziny jest rola wszelkich Pedagogów i współpraca z nimi (chodzi o współpracę z autorytetami religijnymi, moralnymi, społecznymi itp.). Należy powrócić do pedagogiki i roli autorytetu w rodzinie jako elementu stabilizującego obyczajowość, instytucjonalność, jak i morale jej członków.
Responsible Garbage Disposal Attitudes and Readiness for Usage of Biodegradable Plastic Bags
Authors: Hashim Rugayah , Mohd Aminuddin Zaidi , Abdullah Jamsari , Yong Hwan Lee , Zainuddin Ahmad Zuhairi
Published: April 2022

Concerns on irresponsible waste disposal have been on the agenda of many world governments, including Malaysia. The buildup of wastes in Malaysia has resulted in significant environmental problems and health issues. One alternative to rectify the problem is by using biodegradable plastic bags. Therefore, this paper aims at showcasing the public’s mindset on responsible garbage disposal and the readiness to use biodegradable plastics. The study employed a qualitative approach; hence, these are initial findings derived from the analyses of 118 respondents with a 77.1% returned rate. The implications of the findings will be discussed in the paper.
Keywords: Responsible waste disposal; biodegradable plastic usage; green economy; environmental democracy
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.3211
The Users’ Perceptions on Adaptive Reuse of Selected Heritage Shophouses in Jalan Tun H.S. Lee
Authors: Said Shahrul Yani , Abdul Hamid Hanis Zafia , Wongso Jonny
Published: April 2022

Adaptive reuse is increasingly becoming a more common approach in order to preserve heritage buildings by discovering new purposes and used for the buildings. This research looks at the physical changes of the heritage shophouses after adaptive-reuse initiatives and the effects on society socially. The case study is shophouses at Jalan Tun H.S.Lee in Kuala Lumpur. The result from the questionnaire survey reflects the perception of the users on the impact of the adaptive reuse of shophouses in terms of the social value to the society. Nonetheless, adaptive reuse projects should involve more social engagements and a wider variety of building typologies.
Keywords: social impact, adaptive-reuse, quality of life
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI:
The Spatial Visibility within the Low-income Housing Living Unit
Authors: Ahmad Suryadi Aida Syafiqah , Haja Bava Mohidin Hazrina , Aminuddin Asrul Mahjuddin Ressang , Sediadi Eka
Published: April 2022

The quality of housing for the low-income group in Malaysia, especially in Kuala Lumpur, is crucial to improving. Low-income housing design subject to standards by the government has not been satisfactory to the inhabitants' comfort, social and cultural needs. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the quality of space design of the low-income housing living unit by assessing the visibility of each of the spaces in the units using space syntax as an analytical tool. The study found that the low-income housing design has not considered the visual privacy of private spaces (bedrooms) to common spaces (living and dining area).
Keywords: Living Units, Low-income Housing, Space Visibility, Space Syntax.
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.3269
Avances en el diagnóstico del síndrome del tallo verde y retención foliar de la soya causado por el nematodo Aphelenchoides besseyi
Authors: López Cardona Nathali , Hernández Medina Carlos A.
Published: April 2022

El síndrome de retención foliar y del tallo verde de la soya (RFTV) es comúnmente conocido como soya loca en Brasil y puede causar pérdidas en el rendimiento de la leguminosa de alrededor del 60 %. Hasta el presente, al síndrome RFTV se le atribuyen tres posibles causas; la primera, asociada a un desorden nutricional por deficiencia de potasio; la segunda, relacionada con un ataque severo de los chinches Nezara viridula, Piezodorus guildinii y Euschistus heros cuya incidencia se popularizó como soya loca I; y la tercera, conocida como soya loca II, la cual se atribuye al nematodo del tallo verde Aphelenchoides besseyi, comúnmente aceptado por ser el agente causal de la soya loca II.
The Implementation of Behavior Change Techniques in mHealth Apps for Sleep: Systematic Review
Authors: Arroyo Amber Carmen , Zawadzki Matthew J
Published: April 2022

Background

Mobile health (mHealth) apps targeting health behaviors using behavior change techniques (BCTs) have been successful in promoting healthy behaviors; however, their efficacy with sleep is unclear. Some work has shown success in promoting sleep through mHealth, whereas there have been reports that sleep apps can be adverse and lead to unhealthy obsessions with achieving perfect sleep.

Objective

This study aims to report and describe the use of BCTs in mHealth apps for sleep with the following research questions: How many BCTs are used on average in sleep apps, and does this relate to their effectiveness on sleep outcomes? Are there specific BCTs used more or less often in sleep apps, and does this relate to their effectiveness on sleep outcomes? Does the effect of mHealth app interventions on sleep change when distinguishing between dimension and measurement of sleep?

Methods

We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to review articles on mHealth app interventions for sleep published between 2010 and 2020.

Results

A total of 12 studies met the eligibility criteria. Most studies reported positive sleep outcomes, and there were no negative effects reported. Sleep quality was the most common dimension of sleep targeted. Subjective measures of sleep were used across all apps, whereas objective measures were often assessed but rarely reported as part of results. The average number of BCTs used was 7.67 (SD 2.32; range 3-11) of 16. Of the 12 studies, the most commonly used BCTs were feedback and monitoring (n=11, 92%), shaping knowledge (n=11, 92%), goals and planning (n=10, 83%), and antecedents (n=10, 83%), whereas the least common were scheduled consequences (n=0, 0%), self-belief (n=0, 0%), and covert learning (n=0, 0%). Most apps used a similar set of BCTs that unfortunately did not allow us to distinguish which BCTs were present when studies reported more positive outcomes.

Conclusions

Our study describes the peer-reviewed literature on sleep apps and provides a foundation for further examination and optimization of BCTs used in mHealth apps for sleep. We found strong evidence that mHealth apps are effective in improving sleep, and the potential reasons for the lack of adverse sleep outcome reporting are discussed. We found evidence that the type of BCTs used in mHealth apps for sleep differed from other health outcomes, although more research is needed to understand how BCTs can be implemented effectively to improve sleep using mHealth and the mechanisms of action through which they are effective (eg, self-efficacy, social norms, and attitudes).
Smartphone Sensor Data for Identifying and Monitoring Symptoms of Mood Disorders: A Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Braund Taylor A , Zin May The , Boonstra Tjeerd W , Wong Quincy J J , Larsen Mark E , Christensen Helen , Tillman Gabriel , O’Dea Bridianne
Published: April 2022

Background

Mood disorders are burdensome illnesses that often go undetected and untreated. Sensor technologies within smartphones may provide an opportunity for identifying the early changes in circadian rhythm and social support/connectedness that signify the onset of a depressive or manic episode.

Objective

Using smartphone sensor data, this study investigated the relationship between circadian rhythm, which was determined by GPS data, and symptoms of mental health among a clinical sample of adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder.

Methods

A total of 121 participants were recruited from a clinical setting to take part in a 10-week observational study. Self-report questionnaires for mental health outcomes, social support, social connectedness, and quality of life were assessed at 6 time points throughout the study period. Participants consented to passively sharing their smartphone GPS data for the duration of the study. Circadian rhythm (ie, regularity of location changes in a 24-hour rhythm) was extracted from GPS mobility patterns at baseline.

Results

Although we found no association between circadian rhythm and mental health functioning at baseline, there was a positive association between circadian rhythm and the size of participants’ social support networks at baseline (r=0.22; P=.03; R2=0.049). In participants with bipolar disorder, circadian rhythm was associated with a change in anxiety from baseline; a higher circadian rhythm was associated with an increase in anxiety and a lower circadian rhythm was associated with a decrease in anxiety at time point 5.

Conclusions

Circadian rhythm, which was extracted from smartphone GPS data, was associated with social support and predicted changes in anxiety in a clinical sample of adults with mood disorders. Larger studies are required for further validations. However, smartphone sensing may have the potential to monitor early symptoms of mood disorders.
The Influence of Agrochemicals on Macroinvertebrate Community Structure in Various Agricultural Rivers in Jember Regency
Authors: Kurnianto Agung Sih , Purnomo Hari , Septiadi Luhur
Published: April 2022

The intensive use of agrochemicals in agricultural areas of Jember’s Regency presents a potential threat to the freshwater ecosystem’s community. The use of the benthic macroinvertebrates community may provide a key to monitor the extent of agrochemical impact to maintain valuable ecosystem services. Macroinvertebrates community structure and environmental factors were studied from September–December 2020 in Jember Regency by comparing three different types of agricultural rivers (organic, semi-organic, and conventional). Five community indices (taxa, individuals, Simpson dominancy index, Margalef species richness, and Shannon diversity index) were used to compare the macroinvertebrates community structure between sites. Using community composition and physicochemical properties (bare sediment, width, depth, water current, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), and temperature), we generated CCA triplot and correlogram plot to investigate the grouping and the correlation between variables and sites. Results on macroinvertebrate composition showed the importance of using sensitive taxa-group and community indices as an indicator of environmental changes. The family of Tipulidae, Naididae, Cysticidae, and Nereididae demonstrated relation to semi-organic agricultural rivers. Temperature and water current correlate to the presence of clean water indicator species such as Philorheitridae and Chironomidae, as observed in organic agricultural rivers. Conventional and semi-organic agricultural rivers were grouped and largely contributed by the 5 families including Ampullariidae, Pachychillidae, Baetidae, Enchytraidae, and Gomphidae. Correlogram plot suggests a complex interaction between macroinvertebrate community and environmental variables. It can be concluded that the intensive use of agrochemicals may lead to a detrimental change toward the diminished quality of freshwater community and environment.
Linguistic problems caused by anatomical alterations of the hard palate of speakers with Down syndrome
Authors: Ferraz Andreia de Melo Costa , Ghirello-Pires Carla Salati Almeida
Published: April 2022

This study deals with dimensional changes in the hard palate of individuals with Down syndrome; which can cause impairments in the movement of articulators and make it difficult to program the speech sounds that are produced with alterations. Objective: to characterize the production of consonant sounds in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) in a group of young adults with Down syndrome, by correlating changes to the dimensions of the hard palate. Our hypothesis is that this occurs, the greater the speech alterations, the smaller the palatal width and length and the greater the height of the palate. Methodology: data collection was performed using the Speech Assessment Instrument for Acoustic Analysis with transcriptions made by three speech-language pathologists and palatal dimensions were obtained by measuring the participants' plaster models. The correlation coefficient with significance (p<0.05%) was used. Results: the most prevalent alterations were substitutions and distortions, and the phone [s] was the most altered. The substitution presented a statistically significant correlation with the palatal dimension, according to the hypothesis of the study. Changes in phones [d], [z], and [l]-coda and in syllabic structuring [bl] also had a statistically significant association with palatal dimensions. Conclusion: There were some correlations between speech alterations and the dimensions of anterior width and length of the hard palate, as proposed in the hypothesis, and thus, the hard palate may be a factor that contributes to the alterations in the consonant production of the group of people with Down syndrome studied.
Características y prevalencia de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 bajo prescripción de hipoglucemiantes orales que cumplen criterios de insulinización
Authors: Rodríguez Silva Victoria Y. , Vega Mendoza Santa
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: evaluar las características y prevalencia de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (dm2) bajo prescripción de hipoglucemiantes orales que cumplen con criterios de insulinización. Métodos: estudio transversal descriptivo. Se analizaron 367 expedientes de pacientes con dm2, edad de 30 a 70 años de la Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 20 en Ciudad de México, con tres meses mínimo de tratamiento con hipoglucemiantes orales. Se registraron características sociodemográficas y clínicas de la dm2, tipo de hipoglucemiante oral, comorbilidades y se identificaron los criterios para inicio de tratamiento con insulina de acuerdo con la Asociación Americana de Diabetes y la Asociación Europea para el Estudio de la Diabetes. Resultados: de la totalidad de expedientes, se observó una media de edad 56.5 años (de±9.0), 58.3% estaba compuesto por mujeres y 50.1% estaba controlado (n=184). 37.6% de pacientes cumplió criterios para insulinización, sus características fueron: edad de 61 a 70 años, 42.8%, mujeres, 52.9%, dedicados al hogar, 32.6%, casados, 66.7%, tiempo de evolución de dm2 1-5 años, 32.6%; 95.7% presentó comorbilidades, obesidad, 52.9%, hipertensión arterial, 52.2% y dislipidemia, 51.4%; neuropatía, 18.8%, nefropatía, 3.6% y retinopatía, 2.9%. Conclusiones: existió un alto porcentaje de pacientes descontrolados bajo prescripción de hipoglucemiantes orales, más de una tercera parte reunieron criterios para inicio de terapia con insulina, mientras que la mayoría de estos presentó algún tipo de comorbilidad.
Determinantes psicosociales y adherencia farmacológica en pacientes geriátricos
Authors: Solarte Adrada William , Preciado Casierra Cristian Jair , Galvis Acevedo Sebastián , Sánchez Duque Jorge A.
Published: April 2022

Carta al editor
Machine Learning and Image Processing based Segmentation and Classification of Brain Tumor
Authors: Mishra Harsh Vats , Singh Vaishnavi , Murari Krishna
Published: April 2022

Abstract: In the field of Medicine, especially in diagnostic applications, finding the right one is a daunting task requires the attention of a radiologist. Error detection early it is necessary to avoid further complications. Many the developing field in the latest technology is MRI scanning. The size of the tumor in the brain may vary different patients and minute details of the tumor, It is a complex and tedious task for radiologists to diagnose and split the tumor into a large number of images. Occasionally, cerebral fluid also appears as a mass tissue on MRI image. The project aims to be automated a system that plays an important role in assessing whether a lump (mass of tissue) in the brain can be healthy (clump thickening) or bad (sticking to the edges) in stages. The proposed model uses machine learning algorithms in sequence to improve the accuracy of the separation. The program is loaded come out with four steps that include pre-noise removal processing using a flexible median filter, segregation using Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) for finding the place of interest, extraction element using the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix GLCM to extract features of different types of tumors and segregation using Neural Networks (NN) to determine and classify the plant as harmful or harmful. The test results of the proposed model show that 93.33% accuracy, 96.6% accuracy, 93.33% sensitivity as well 94.44% accuracy. For these results the proposed model it works better compared to a classical machine learning algorithms like Adaboost (Adaptive Boosting) which is divides image into different classes (Normal, OK, Dangerous) with 89.90% accuracy. Keywords: K-means, Adaptive Median Filter, GMMSegmentation, Neural Networks, GLCM.
Sejarah Lokal dan Public history (Sejarah Bagi Masyarakat)
Authors: Jumardi Jumardi
Published: April 2022

The correlation between local history and national history is very strong, because national history is generally formed from various combinations of existing local histories. The main focus of local history is not much different from national history, starting from the role of the people, whether religious leaders or local leaders who were involved in the struggle against the invaders or other important roles that deserve to be considered as one of the historical events. Apart from character, other themes that can be identified in local history are institutions, the general public involved in important events and the geography of a particular area. Despite having a broad study and close meaning to the value of people's lives, it cannot be denied that there are still many who underestimate local history. On the other hand, there are still many who assume that local studies have high difficulties in validating the data. In order to maintain this, this research was conducted. On the other hand, this research also aims to enrich information about local history so as to increase love for the country and nation. In order to obtain valid results, in this study a qualitative descriptive analysis method was applied. For data collection techniques themselves, using library instruments and documentation. The results of this study found that national history is an extension of local history, the link between local history and public history, as well as the benefits of local history for the Indonesian people.
Pengenalan Nilai-Nilai Budaya Lokal Masyarakat Tangerang Melalui Festival Cisadane
Authors: Abdillah Rachman Rizki , Andi Andi
Published: April 2022

This research is entitled "Introduction to the Local Cultural Values of the Tangerang Society through the Cisadane Festival". The background of the researcher choosing the title of this research is to introduce local cultural values that are packaged in a festival performance. This study also aims to determine the values contained in the Cisadane festival, the local government's efforts to improve local culture, and the role of the Cisadane festival in awakening the culture of the Tangerang people.The research method used is a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. For data and data sources, researchers used 2 things, namely primary data and secondary data. The primary data is in the form of interviews with several informants and sources, while the secondary data is in the form of documentation studies such as through literature books, scientific works, national and international journals as well as mass media reports and electronic media.The result of this research is that the Cisadane festival has a variety of local elements in it, including Chinese, Sundanese, and Betawi ethnicities. The Tangerang city government in coordination with the culture and tourism department has made various efforts to improve regional culture, such as holding a festival every year and new innovations in it. This also shows that the Cisdane festival has a big role for the community, especially the city of Tangerang in instilling local cultural values.
INFLUÊNCIA DA INTERVENÇÃO PSICOLÓGICA NA MUDANÇA DE PERCEPÇÃO E ATITUDE FACE AO COMPORTAMENTO ALIMENTAR EM CONTEXTO DE OBESIDADE INFANTIL
Authors: Pereira Fernando Oliveira
Published: April 2022

The dynamics of change in eating behavior are dependent on changes in the perception and attitudes of the subjects under the action of a multiplicity of factors, resulting from the appropriate psychological and psychotherapeutic intervention. Objective: To study the changes made in the psychological functionality of children and adolescents with overweight/obesity under the action of psychological intervention. Research typology: Quantitative quasi-experimental study and comparative approach between two moments: before and after the psychological intervention. Participants: 20 children and adolescents of both sexes diagnosed with overweight/obesity. Methodological instruments: Clinical-psychological interview; sociodemographic questionnaire; eating behavior questionnaire (EBQ); eating disorder inventory (EDI). Results: Overweight/obese children and adolescents, after undergoing psychological intervention actions, about eating behavior present significantly more expressive values in attitudes oriented towards food restriction and less expressive in attitudes oriented towards external and emotional food intake. In the triad of scales of eating disorders, the values are more expressive in terms of concern (obsession) with weight loss and body dissatisfaction and less expressive in attitudes oriented towards bulimic behavior. In the individual psychological characteristics: the feeling of ineffectiveness, perfectionism, interpersonal distrust, interoceptive awareness, fear of maturity, asceticism, impulsiveness, and social insecurity, there are no statistically significant differences; minute variability. Conclusion: The psychological intervention in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity brought about changes in terms of ideas, perception, and attitudes, regarding eating behavior. Changes made in the dimensions related to the subjects' behavior regarding the process of control and management of food intake, not being detected in the individual characteristics inherent to the psychic functionality. Changes in perception and attitudes show that they are reactive, situational, and circumstantial, as there is no glimpse of an effective change in the problematic pattern.
Social, Individual, and Environmental Characteristics of Family Medicine Resident Burnout: A CERA Study
Authors: Freedy John R. , Staley Claire , Mims Lisa D. , DeCastro Alec O. , Perkins Suzanne , Berini Carole , Steyer Terrence E.
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Burnout impacts medical students, residents, and practicing physicians. Existing research oversimplifies characteristics associated with burnout. Our study examined relationships between burnout, depressive symptoms, and evidence-based risk factors.
Methods: Our study questions were part of a larger survey conducted by the Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance (CERA), from May 9-23, 2020. Three emails were used to recruit a national sample of family medicine residents (n=283; questions completed via Survey Monkey). We determined descriptive statistics (frequency, means) for demographic and work environment characteristics, UCLA Loneliness Scale items, health behaviors, burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization), and depressive symptoms. Multivariate data analysis included developing three logistic regression (LR) equations (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, depressive symptoms) based on four blocks of potential risk factors (demographics, work environment characteristics, UCLA Loneliness items, and health behaviors).
Results: Rates of psychological distress included 33.1% emotional exhaustion, 31.1% depersonalization, and 53.0% depressive symptoms. We determined stepwise forward-entry LR models for emotional exhaustion (feel isolated OR=6.89, low quality of wellness program OR=5.91, and low companionship OR=4.82); depersonalization (feel isolated OR=5.59, low quality of wellness program OR=15.11, graduate US osteopathic medical school OR=0.329, and African American OR=7.55); and depressive symptoms (feel isolated OR=5.31, inadequate time for restful sleep OR=0.383, and no dependent children OR=2.14).
Conclusions: Current findings document substantial social disconnection, substandard residency wellness programs, inadequate time for exercise, sleep, and other forms of self-care in addition to substantial levels of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and depressive symptoms. We explore implications for the design of future burnout prevention efforts and research.
Description and Evaluation of an Evidence-Based Residency Curriculum Using the Evidence-Based Medicine Environment Survey
Authors: Song Celeste , Porcello Lorraine , Hernadez Tresne , Levandowski Brooke A.
Published: April 2022

Background and Objectives: Teaching medical trainees evidence-based medicine (EBM) is required by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Most published graduate EBM curricula focus on critical appraisal over point-of-care information mastery. Faculty at the University of Rochester Family Medicine Residency implemented a clinically integrated, cyclical EBM curriculum juxtaposing information mastery with expert-level skills such as critical appraisal. We administered the Evidence-Based Medicine Environment Survey (EBMES) to learners before and after the yearlong curriculum.
Methods: Two cohorts of participating third-year residents completed the EBMES before and after an EBM curriculum.
Results: Over 2 years, 21 residents completed pre- and postevaluations. Resident perception of the EBM educational and practice environment was high at baseline and improved for 15 of 36 survey items (P<.05).
Conclusions: Resident perception of the EBM learning environment improved after participation in a yearlong curriculum. Nearly all of the content covered in SOFM and measured by EBMES improved in a statistically significant manner. We propose that EBM curricula should combine traditional literature search and critical appraisal skills with information mastery to maximize effectiveness. Our curriculum can be modified to fit other graduate family medicine contexts.
A 13-year-old boy with strangulation of the floating gallbladder by the lesser omentum
Authors: Kim Mi Kyung , Shin Seong Hwan
Published: April 2022

The selection of imaging modality is important in emergency departments because symptoms in children are usually unclear. In children with abdominal pain, differential diagnosis ranges from common diseases to rare entities requiring surgical therapy. Unremarkable findings on routine investigation, such as laboratory tests and plain radiographs, cannot rule out the surgical entities. Close observation and, if needed, further imaging tests are necessary in emergency departments or even in wards for children with recurrent or worsening abdominal pain. We report a rare case of a 13-year-old boy with strangulation of the floating gallbladder by the lesser omentum. This article features the imaging findings of the rare surgical entity.