bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les Samis sur Instagram : archivage numérique et résilience autochtone dans les nouveaux médias
Authors: Beyaert Léopold
Published: February 2025

Cet article porte sur l’utilisation des nouveaux médias comme Instagram par les Samis dans un objectif de conscientisation et d’archivage numérique du passé et des savoirs ancestraux. Cette étude est le résultat d’une ethnographie de quatorze mois réalisée à Jåhkåmåhkke, située dans la partie suédoise du Sápmi et complétée par une ethnographie virtuelle de plusieurs pages Instagram axées sur la culture samie. L’activité des Samis sur Instagram peut être comprise comme faisant partie d’un processus plus large de résilience et de décolonisation du peuple sami. Contrairement à l’idéologie les Lapons doivent être Lapons, issue du colonialisme suédois et qui visait à isoler les Samis de la modernité et à fixer leur culture dans une authenticité ethnocentrée, les Samis considèrent que leur résilience passe par le renouvellement dynamique et la transformation créative de leurs connaissances ancestrales au sein de la modernité. En facilitant la sensibilisation, la production d’archives et la prestation des répertoires culturels, les nouveaux médias tiennent une place importante dans l’autonomie des Samis.
La fin de la télévision ? Téléréalité d’Aurélien Bellanger ou les imaginaires romanesques d’un média « décadent »
Authors: Carrier-Lafleur Thomas
Published: February 2025

L’article explore comment la télé-réalité, vue à travers le roman Téléréalité d’Aurélien Bellanger, reflète les transformations et les perceptions de la télévision comme média. Le texte de Bellanger utilise la télé-réalité pour interroger les liens entre réalité et représentation, et propose une réflexion sur la manière dont ce genre médiatique influence et est influencé par les dynamiques sociales et culturelles contemporaines. Le roman est présenté comme une saga qui trace l’évolution de la télévision, passant d’un média de masse à un phénomène culturel englobant, illustrant sa capacité à modeler et à refléter la société. L’article aborde ainsi les aspects esthétiques et idéologiques de la télé-réalité, mettant en lumière son rôle dans la construction du réel télévisuel et son impact sur l’identité collective et individuelle. Il souligne également le passage de la télévision à des formats numériques et interactifs, marquant une étape de plus dans l’évolution de la narration médiatique. La télé-réalité est analysée non seulement comme un reflet de la société mais aussi comme un agent actif dans la création de nouvelles formes de réalité médiatisée, offrant ainsi une perspective sur la télévision comme un média en constante réinvention.
Être vue, être comme, être avec : la télévision, le soi et autrui
Authors: Cimper Joyce
Published: February 2025

Cet article met en regard le roman d’Alexandra Kleeman, You Too Can Have a Body Like Mine, et divers essais de Martine Delvaux. Ces deux auteures étudient, dans leurs écrits, la télévision et notamment l’impact des images y étant diffusées. Elles exposent entre autres les systèmes qui soutiennent la domination patriarcale et que le petit écran aide à invisibiliser en banalisant les représentations du pouvoir masculin et les violences faites aux femmes. Delvaux et Kleeman réfléchissent à ce que cela signifie de résister aux abus que dépeignent les programmes, de lutter contre les diktats que relayent les publicités dans le but de sérialiser les femmes. Le sujet capital de l’identité et de son contrôle est également abordé par le biais des émissions de télé-réalité et des tendances exhibitionnistes/voyeuristes encouragées par le petit écran. Ultimement, Delvaux et Kleeman proposent un examen de la télévision et de la manière dont elle affecte la société, la perception de soi ainsi que les relations interpersonnelles.
Evidencias científicas, efectos, estrategias y políticas públicas sobre cambio climático y territorio en el Mediterráneo ibérico
Authors: Camarasa-Belmonte Ana , Romero-González Joan
Published: February 2025

Los poderes públicos deben actuar con urgencia e integrar actuaciones de mitigación, adaptación, anticipación y regulación. Las primeras, orientadas a atajar la causa físico-química de alteración del balance energético del planeta, esto es, la reducción de la presencia de los gases de efecto invernadero en la atmósfera terrestre; las segundas, encaminadas a preparar los territorios y las sociedades para los efectos previstos de dicho calentamiento atmosférico, así como anticiparse a los efectos con medidas concretas pensadas para el corto, medio y largo plazo.
Las recomendaciones que aquí se incluyen, analizadas en la Primera Conferencia sobre cambio climático y territorio en el Mediterráneo ibérico, son fruto de décadas de investigación en distintos ámbitos por algunos de los mejores especialistas actuales, procedentes de disciplinas muy diversas. Aportan evidencias y recomendaciones concretas dirigidas a nuestros representantes democráticos en los parlamentos, gobiernos y medios de comunicación. En conjunto, proporcionan una visión muy completa y suficiente para entender la situación actual, los impactos, los riesgos y, en general, la necesidad de adoptar medidas de corto y medio plazo con un enfoque integrador y visión estratégica.
La Folklorización de la Diversidad Cultura a través de los Medios de Comunicación
Authors: Verdú Delgado Ana Dolores , Bonilla Urbina Pablo Leonardo
Published: February 2025

Los medios de comunicación escritos en Ecuador han jugado un papel central en la conformación del Estado, constituido en este caso por múltiples pueblos y nacionalidades, por lo que también han influido notablemente en la forma en que se ha construido la imagen de lo indígena en el país. En la actualidad, esta cuestión cobra especial relevancia por la vigencia de una Ley Orgánica de Comunicación que establece la obligatoriedad de los medios de producir contenidos interculturales.
Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de conocer el modo en que este principio se aplica en los medios escritos de El Universo y Expreso, a partir del análisis de contenido. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una tendencia a presentar los contenidos interculturales con un nivel reducido de contextualización histórica y social, y en artículos periodísticos centrados en aspectos exóticos de la cultura, susceptibles de ser convertidos en productos culturales en el contexto de la sociedad de consumo.
Esto nos permite discutir sobre la necesidad de transcender la folklorización de lo indígena para poder producir un diálogo más equitativo entre las culturas, entendiendo que las representaciones culturales tienen el potencial de influir en las relaciones desiguales que siguen marcando la experiencia de los pueblos originarios en el contexto nacional.
La “Metodología de la Intervención en la Comunidad” de Ander Egg
Authors: Del Prado Leonel , Castilllo Viveros Nemesio
Published: February 2025

Este artículo se propone reflexionar sobre una obra fundamental en el ámbito del desarrollo comunitario y el trabajo social comunitario: Metodología de la Intervención en la Comunidad del destacado intelectual latinoamericano Ezequiel Ander Egg. Reconocido por su enfoque interdisciplinario y su influencia en la formación académica en Iberoamérica, este texto se considera una pieza clave para la comprensión y desarrollo de estos campos. A partir de un análisis detallado de la obra, se vincula su contenido con debates más amplios en torno al trabajo social y las políticas sociales. Se concluye que la obra mantiene su relevancia desde su publicación, siendo una referencia constante para profesionales y académicos del área. Asimismo, se presentan reflexiones críticas sobre aspectos específicos del texto, aportando nuevas perspectivas al estudio y aplicación de sus propuestas.
Redes sociales: ¿morir matando?
Authors: Lalueza Ferran
Published: February 2025

«¿Están tocadas de muerte las redes sociales?». Con esta provocativa, a la par que sugerente pregunta, la periodista e investigadora Susana Pérez Soler me invitó a unirme a un debate asíncrono impulsado por la revista Barcelona Metròpolis y centrado en el rol que actualmente ejercen estas populares plataformas digitales en nuestra sociedad. Bien arropado por ocho especialistas del ámbito a quienes sigo y admiro desde hace tiempo, acepté el reto.
(НЕ)УСТАВНОСТ У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ И ПОЛИТИЧКИ ВОЛУНТАРИЗАМ
Authors: Савић Матеј
Published: February 2025

У овом раду аутор се бави проблемом заштите уставности у Босни и Херцеговини и (политичким) волунтаристичким тенденцијама које су све израженије у пракси Уставног суда Босне и Херцеговине. Такође, посебна пажња је посвећена ситуацији у којој не постоји јединствен аутентичан текст Дејтонског мировног споразума, а тиме и Устава Босне и Херцеговине, што отвара простор за селективне преводе и произвољне интерпретације ових докумената. У раду се расправља о статусу и надлежностима Уставног суда Босне и Херцеговине, као и проблему тзв. екстензивног тумачења одредаба садржаних у Уставу Босне и Херцеговине, те фактичког утицаја политичког Сарајева на Уставни суд Босне и Херцеговине, при чему је аутор дошао до (појединих) основних одговора на питање зашто највиша институција судске власти, која има примарни задатак заштите уставности, директно подрива владавину права у Босни и Херцеговини, а према захтјевима бошњачких политичких представника.
СПРЕМНОСТ БОСНЕ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНЕ НА УВОЂЕЊЕ ЕВРОПСКЕ ДИРЕКТИВЕ SOLVENCY II
Authors: Имамовић Емина
Published: February 2025

Европска унија увела је Солвенцy ИИ - Директиву 2009/138/ЕЗ Европског парламента и савјета о оснивању и обављању ђелатности осигурања и реосигурања (у даљем тексту: Солвенцy ИИ), како би осигурала финансијску стабилност осигуравајуиих друштава, постављајуии строжије захтјеве од постојеие регулативе. Примјена нове директиве у земљама Европске уније почела је почетком 2016. године. У земљама за које проведба ове директиве није обавезујуиа, јер нису чланице Еуропске уније, неопходно је усклађивање националних прописа и закона који регулишу наџор и управљање осигурања у складу са Солвенцy ИИ. Босна и Херцеговина као потписница Споразума о стабилизацији и придруживању ЕУ има обавезу да уводи у национално законодавство прописе Европске уније. Увођење ове регулативе у Босни и Херцеговини импицират ие велике промјене у финансијском, организационом и правном аспекту осигуравајуиих друштава. Нова регулатива захтијеват ие нова правила у виду маргине солвентности, потпуно другачији холистички приступ управљању и трансферу ризика, инвестицијама осигуравајуиих друштава, те увођење кључних функција. Носиоци кључних функција су у новом правном оквиру подвргнути строгим прописима у погледу стручних квалификација и личне поузданости. Неопходна је адекватна припрема домаиих осигуравајуиих друштава за примјену Солвенцy ИИ, у складу са прописаним смјерницама. У раду смо указали на најзначајније дијелове Солвенцy ИИ, припремне радње за увођење ове директиве у национална законодавства, усаглашеност босанско херцеговачких прописа са европским, кораке које Босна и Херцеговина мора подузети да би увела у потпуности ову директиву у своје законодавство.
ДУБРОВАЧКО ПИСМО ВОЈВОДИ ХРВОЈУ ВУКЧИЋУ ХРВАТИНИЋУ У КОМЕ ГА ОДБИЈАЈУ ЗА ТРАЖЕНУ ПОМОЋ
Authors: Смиљанић Аранђел
Published: February 2025

Дубровачком писму претходило је писмо војводе Хрвоја Вукчића Хрватинића, у коме им је јавио како је сплитски кнез Маркул(ин) освојио његов град Омиш. Он је од Дубровчана тражио помоћ у бродовима, како би вратио тај град под своју власт. Дубровчани су га одбили уз образложење да војвода Хрвоје може изаћи на крај и са моћнијим господарима од кнеза Маркула.
External threats to modern Poland in the assessments of the Polish press
Authors: Babenko Oksana Vasil'evna
Published: February 2025

The research considers articles by Polish journalists devoted to the external threats of modern Poland as the subject of research. They reflect the opinions of the authors on the most relevant aspects of this issue. Based on the materials of the most famous media outlets Dziennik Zachodni, Gazeta Wyborcza, Polityka, Rzeczpospolita and Wprost, coverage of Poland's foreign policy problems in late 2023 and early 2024 is demonstrated, when an information campaign launched in Western countries intensified, related to the dissemination of false information about Moscow's upcoming invasion of Europe. It is emphasized that the materials of Polish publications are biased, especially publications about Russia. Special attention is paid to the background of the issue – the Three Seas project and Polish-American relations. The characteristics of all used newspapers and magazines are given. As a research method, content analysis is used, which allows analyzing the content of the publications in question in the media. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that for the first time it provides a comprehensive analysis of the materials of the leading Polish media on the topic of the article. The author concludes that in the Polish press the main external threat is considered to be the threat from Russia. In order to eliminate this threat, the Poles propose measures to strengthen Ukraine in order to defeat Russia as soon as possible. Polish media pay great attention to Russia's special operation in Ukraine, which they call the war of Russia with Ukraine, and are afraid of Moscow's further advance to the West. At the same time, journalists often refer to the opinions of Western politicians, military and journalists. Some Polish journalists publish optimistic articles about the possibility of a peaceful settlement of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and the elimination of the military threat from Russia. However, in general, the Polish press remains negative towards the Kremlin.
Quality vs Quantity: The Effect of Aristolochic Acids on Preference and Performance of a Non-Specialist Herbivore
Authors: Jeude Samantha
Published: February 2025

As immobile organisms, plants have evolved many strategies for defense against herbivores. These defenses can be physical, such as thorns, or chemical, such as antifeedant compounds. Most plants possess chemical compounds that serve a deterrent function against at least some herbivores. Aristolochic acids are alkaloids characteristic of plants of the genus Aristolochia. Although their toxicity and efficacy as herbivore deterrents have been documented, it is unknown whether different kinds of these compounds elicit different responses in herbivores. In this study, we use the generalist caterpillar Spodoptera exigua as a bioassay to evaluate both qualitative and quantitative effects of four aristolochic acids. Preference and performance were measured using artificial diets containing different aristolochic acids at different concentrations, all within the lower end of the natural range found in Aristolochia. We observed that some aristolochic acids (AAI and AAIII) were avoided at higher concentrations, while others (AAII and AA7-OH) had little or no effect on herbivore feeding patterns at any concentration. Performance tests were consistent with choice tests; those aristolochic acids that were stronger deterrents also had a stronger effect on larval growth. These results suggest consistent variation in the effectiveness of various aristolochic acids on both preference and performance.
Variation in the Abundance of Bees Across Distinct Montane Meadows
Authors: Welch Jessica
Published: February 2025

Across different landscapes, plant abundance and richness change. Bee distributions may vary spatially or temporally in accordance with differences in floral diversity. I used a habitat-based approach to investigate the hypothesis that the abundance of bees in assemblages varied among three distinct meadow types: dry meadow, wet meadow-Veratrum, and wet meadow-Salix. Patterns of bee abundance were sampled using bee bowls and netting around Gothic, Colorado. I sampled four triplets of sites (each consisting of the three meadow types) every other week, between June 22 and August 26, 2009. In total, I caught 2,938 bees and identified each of them to family. I found that there was no significant difference in the abundance of bees across the three meadow types. Furthermore, I did not detect a difference in bee abundance within a family across the three meadow types, though there were significantly more bees of the family Apidae than either Colletidae or Megachilidae within wet meadow-Veratrum sites. There was no significant relationship between bee abundance and the mean flower abundance or rarefied richness at sites. Overall, I found no difference in bee abundance at different meadow types once divided into four sampling periods; however, bee abundance for the family Apidae depended on time and meadow type while bee abundance for the family Halictidae depended on time only. Additional experimentation over multiple years may be needed to reveal significant patterns. About 50 percent of the variation in bee abundance was accounted for by site, rarefied plant species richness, and daily rainfall. Bee distribution may also depend on nesting preference, or perhaps there are species level differences that this experiment was no able to detect.
An Exploration of Optimization Algorithms and Heuristics for the Creation of Encoding and Decoding Schedules in Erasure Coding
Authors: Schuman Catherine
Published: February 2025

Erasure codes are employed by disk systems to tolerate failures. They are typically characterized by bit-matrices that are used for encoding and decoding. The efficiency of an erasure code using a bit-matrix is directly related to the number of exclusive-or (XOR) operations required during the encoding process. Thus, a problem within the field of erasure coding is how to schedule the XOR operations for any given bit-matrix so that the fewest number of XOR operations are required. This paper develops an algorithm for finding the optimum solution and analyzes the performance of two known heuristics on a set of encoding matrices.
α-Glucosidase inhibitor compounds of Uncaria sclerophylla leaves’ most active chromatography fraction: In vitro, in silico, and ADMET analysis
Authors: Triadisti Nita , Elya Berna , Hanafi Muhammad , Hashim Najihah Mohd , Illahi Adha Dastu
Published: February 2025

Diabetes mellitus is a noncontagious disease and a leading cause of death globally. It is characterized by a disorder in glucose metabolism, resulting in uncontrolled hyperglycemia. Various classes of type 2 DM therapy have demonstrated therapeutic benefits, but the global incidence continues to rise, necessitating the discovery of new therapeutic agents for type 2 diabetes. This study aims to determine the most potent Uncaria sclerophylla Roxb leaf fraction as an α-Glucosidase inhibitor, accompanied by the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) profile and interaction mechanism of compounds in U. sclerophylla leaves. Extraction involved using four-graded maceration to obtain compounds with different polarities, followed by column chromatography of the most potent extract. The bioassay utilized spectrophotometry techniques and a microplate reader. liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF-MS) was employed to identify compound profiles in the most promising fractions, followed by in silico analysis of ADMET profiles and interaction mechanisms. The study found that ethyl acetate and methanol extract potency in α-Glucosidase inhibition with an IC50 of 75.75 and 42.70 μg/ml, respectively. The most promising fraction, USMeth5, was obtained through column chromatography with better activity than acarbose with an IC50 of 22.85 μg/ml. LC-QToF-MS analysis revealed the presence of various phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and alkaloids in USMeth5, along with ADMET profiles and interaction mechanisms in silico. The results of the study have successfully unveiled the potential of U. sclerophylla leaves and the most active fractions to be developed as a promising antidiabetic.
Complex system modelling reveals oxalate homeostasis is driven by diverse oxalate-degrading bacteria
Authors: Mukherjee Sromona D , Batagello Carlos A , Adler Ava , Agudelo Jose , Zampini Anna , Suryavanshi Mangesh , Nguyen Andrew , Orr Teri , Dearing Denise , Monga Manoj , Miller Aaron W
Published: February 2025

Decades of research have made clear that host-associated microbiomes touch all facets of health. However, effective therapies that target the microbiome have been elusive given its inherent complexity. Here, we experimentally examined diet-microbe- host interactions through a complex systems framework, centered on dietary oxalate. Using multiple, independent molecular, animal, and
in vitro
experimental models, we found that microbiome composition influenced multiple oxalate-microbe-host interfaces. Importantly, administration of the oxalate-degrading specialist,
Oxalobacter formigenes,
was only effective against a poor oxalate-degrading microbiota background and gives critical new insights into why clinical intervention trials with this species exhibit variable outcomes. Data suggest that, while heterogeneity in the microbiome impacts multiple diet-host-microbe interfaces, metabolic redundancy among diverse microorganisms in specific diet-microbe axes is a critical variable that may impact the efficacy of bacteriotherapies, which can help guide patient and probiotic selection criteria in probiotic clinical trials.
The inner workings of a miniature eye
Authors: Belušič Gregor
Published: February 2025

The first complete 3D reconstruction of the compound eye of a minute wasp species sheds light on the nuts and bolts of size reduction.
ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE AND CULTURE IN POLISH ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: CZUBOCHA Krzysztof , OSTAPIUK Amelia , OSTAPIUK Oliwia
Published: February 2025

This article explains organizational climate and organizational culture and presents a brief history of research. The role of national culture in understanding organizational culture and climate is explained through a specific focus on the system of Polish administration. The paper presents both theoretical literature and empirical research in the field of Polish organizational culture and climate with due respect to dysfunctions. Recommendations are made for additional thinking and research. The purpose of the study is to discover the perception of the organizational climate in the Polish system of administration from the opinions of civil servants and address this perception with the scientific literature that reveals how the Polish administration institutions possess an organizational climate and culture flawed by anti-efficiency and pathological phenomena. The results of the research indicate that despite the disconnect between the more negative image of organizational climate presented in the literature and the opinions expressed by the surveyed civil servants, large improvements are necessary to make the climate more efficient according to the latest Western standards.
STATE INSTITUTIONS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF GAMBLING IN POLAND
Authors: DUDEK Zygmunt
Published: February 2025

The objective of this paper is first to present the problem of gambling in Poland and its scale over several years. The study also presents activities undertaken by state institutions to help combat gambling addiction as well as to eliminate entities offering illegal gambling services from the market. It focuses on the Fiscal Administration, which controls this area of activity, and the National Health Fund, which, through financial outlays and therapies provided, helps the addicted to overcome their addiction to gambling. The article employs a research method that synthesizes literature analysis and knowledge from the author's professional experience. The latest, previously unpublished statistical data obtained from the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Health is also presented.
COMPARISON OF RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE AVIATION AND AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES
Authors: JĘDRUSIK Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this article is to present the risk management process in the project management of two industries: aviation and automotive. The analysis was based on a comparison of the two approaches based on the risk matrix used. Risk management differs between industries, and it is up to the organization to choose the monitoring and methodology adapted to the specific sector. Risk management is an important aspect of the entire project life cycle and must be monitored throughout the project life cycle to protect not only the budget but all areas of the so-called "golden triangle." Of great importance is the organization's awareness that risk management is everyone’s responsibility, not just the project manager’s.
Development of Karonda Juice Supplemented Whey Beverage with Enhanced Antioxidant Activity
Authors: JP Navdeep , V Ramesh , Dixit Ashish , G Manju , Jaipal Manoj Kumar , Kumar Amit
Published: February 2025

This study assessed the antioxidant activity, sensory characteristics, and storage stability of whey-based beverages supplemented with karonda juice. Beverages prepared with varying concentrations of Karonda juice (6, 8, 10, 12, 14%) showed a significant increase in antioxidant activity with increasing juice concentration, while variations in sugar content showed no significant effect. The beverage prepared using 10% sugar supplemented with 14% karonda juice showed highest acceptability by sensory evaluation. The antioxidant capacity of the supplemented beverages was significantly higher than that of paneer whey, with ABTS and DPPH assay values increasing to 5.65±0.03 and 3.99±0.04, respectively. The product ​​remained acceptable for up to three weeks based on seonsory assessment. These findings suggest that karonda juice has the potential to enhance both the antioxidant capacity and sensory appeal of whey-based beverages, while maintaining an acceptable shelf life of three weeks under refrigerated conditions.
Analysis of Selected Climate Variables Affecting Cocoa Output in Cross River State, Nigeria (1993-2023)
Authors: O. O. Osim, , J. A. C. Ezihe, , F.O. Ogebe,
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the impact of selected climate variables on cocoa output in Cross River State, Nigeria, from 1993 to 2023 using an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The data for this study were sourced secondarily, covering temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, sunshine hours, evaporation, wind, and cocoa output. The findings revealed that 83.4% of the variation in cocoa output was explained by climatic factors. In the long run, maximum temperature and rainfall had a positive and significant effect on cocoa yields, increasing output by 58.665% and 3.147%, respectively, while relative humidity negatively impacted yields by -2.460%. Other variables, such as minimum temperature, sunshine hours, evaporation, and wind speed, had insignificant long-term effects. In the short run, maximum temperature significantly reduced cocoa output by -19.256%, whereas relative humidity, sunshine hours, and evaporation contributed positively to cocoa production. The study also found an error correction term of -0.512, indicating that 51.2% of the deviations from the long-run equilibrium are corrected annually, suggesting a moderate adjustment speed. These findings highlight the need for policymakers to promote climate-smart agriculture and invest in research, while farmers adopt adaptive practices like pest control and shade management. Stakeholders, including NGOs and the private sector, can support with awareness, innovation, and funding to mitigate climate risks and sustain cocoa production in Cross River State.
Determining Biochemical Parameters in Patients under Tuberculosis Treatment
Authors: A Ndiaye , A Samba , S Thiam , IY Soumah , F Diedhiou , A R Tounkara , N F Coly , F Cissé , F Diallo
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused, in most cases, by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (KOCH's bacillus). It remains a major public health problem despite various therapeutic strategies implemented, such as first-line and second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (in the case of MDR-TB) which can have dire effects on certain organs (liver, kidney, thyroid, etc.). This study was conducted to evaluate parameters such as transaminases, creatinine, uric acid, and ionogram in tuberculosis patients who are under treatment.  
Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted from August 2021 to December 2023. It involves 172 patients with tuberculosis treated according to WHO recommendations at the National Tuberculosis Control Program (NTP). Renal transaminases and biomarkers were assayed using enzymatic and colorimetric methods with the A15® multiparametric analyzer (Biosystems). The analysis of the results and the correlation tests were performed with Excel 2013 software.
Results: The majority of patients involved in this study were male (sex ratio = 3.3). During treatment, an increase in mean aspartate amino transferase (AST) was observed (p=0.0036). For alanine amino transferase (ALT), this is a slight increase from the mean that was observed (p= 0.137). Unlike creatinine and uric acid, we found non-significant associations with p=0.897 and p=0.890, respectively.
Conclusion: Our study showed that the risk of hepatotoxicity and dysthyroidism should be monitored in patients on anti-tuberculosis treatment. However, it would be relevant to consider the nature of the drugs used.
Enhancing Network Performance: A Comprehensive Analysis of Hybrid Routing Algorithms
Authors: Saleh Redeer Avdal , Zebari Ibrahim M. I.
Published: February 2025

Recent years have seen the proposal of numerous routing algorithms for potential use in a variety of application areas. In many network types, such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs), and other dynamic contexts, routing is a crucial difficulty. By fusing the benefits of proactive (table-driven) and reactive (on-demand) routing techniques, hybrid routing algorithms have become a notable breakthrough.
Researchers have focused on hybrid routing algorithms since traditional ones frequently fail to adjust to the changing network conditions present in MANETs. These novel methods strive to maximize speed while reducing overhead by combining the best features of proactive and reactive routing strategies. It provided a thorough analysis of these algorithms in this work, emphasizing their mechanisms, benefits, limitations, and security features. Also focused especially on the analysis of hybrid routing algorithms in a range of applications.
Neuroprotective Effects of Moringa Oleifera Extract Against Cobalt Chloride-Induced Oxidative Damage in the Cerebellum of Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Olaniyan Isaac Oluwatobi , Ajibade Adeshina John , Offiong Innocent Effiom , Adebayo Taiwo Oluseyi
Published: February 2025

Cobalt is an essential cofactor in the body, found in nutrients like vitamin B12. It has been reported that occupational exposure to cobalt chloride leads to neurodegeneration. Presently, neurodegenerative diseases have remains problems of global health concern which necessitates the search for appropriate treatment. Moringa olefeira has been shown to possess great amount of flavonoid which established its neuroprotective potential but there is a dearth of information on its effects on Cobalt chloride induced neurotoxicity.
Aims: This study evaluated the effects of Moringa olefeira ethanol extract on cobalt chloride-induced cerebellar cortex damage on adult male Wistar rats.
Study Design: Sixty male Wistar rats weighing between 120g-150g were randomly separated into six groups of ten animals each.
Group A (Control): served as control
Group B: administered 50 mg/kg cobalt chloride
Group C: administered 50mg/kg cobalt chloride and treated with 200 mg/kg Moringa extract
Group D: administered 50 mg/kg cobalt chloride and treated with 400 mg/kg Moringa extract
Group E and F: were administered 200 mg/kg and 400mg/kg of Moringa extract respectively.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo state Nigeria. Between January 2024 and June 2024.
Methodology: The body weight of the experimental animals were taken weekly and at the 51st day of the experiment the animal were euthanized, the cerebellum was taken out, separated into two halve and one section was homogenized for biomedical analysis lipid peroxide (MDA) and glutathione (GSH)] while the other half was fixed in formal calcium and processed further for histological study staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain
Results: The result revealed insignificant decrease (P=.07) in body weight of Group B (cobalt only treated group) conversely, the body weight increased significantly (P=.01) with groups C, D and E when compared to control, Biochemical analysis shows significant increase (p>.01) in MDA level of group B while there was a significant decreased in group C and D compared to control whereas the levels of GSH decreased significantly (p=.01) in Group B and increased significant in Group C and D compared with group A, Histological observation shows normal histo-morphology of group A,E and F, Cortical neurodegenerative changes was seen in Group B, while group C and D showed preserved cerebellar histo-architecture.
Conclusion: According to this study, Moringa oleifera ethanol leaves extract has potential Ameliorative effect on cobalt chloride induced cerebellar neurodegeneration in male adult Wistar rats.
Effect of Different Level of Nano Urea on Yield, Quality and Shelf life of Strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa) cv. Winter Dawn under Prayagraj Agro Climatic Condition, India
Authors: Singh Atul Kumar , Mishra Saket , Bahadur Vijay , Kushwaha Akhilesh
Published: February 2025

Nano fertilizers are the modern day concept of fertilizers and possess several benefits over conventional fertilizers. In very small quantity nano fertilizers have significant impact on the growth of crop. The present study consisted of 11 treatments utilising various combinations of conventional urea and nano urea, administered at varied doses and concentrations, with each treatment replicated three times in a Randomised Block Design. The main objective of the experiment was to assess the impact of varying concentrations of nano urea on the yield and quality characteristics along with shelf life of Strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa) cv. Winter Dawn. Treatment T7 [100% PK + 60% RDN + 0.8% Nano urea (8 ml/l)] was found best with [15.69 (2022-23), 16.23 (2023-24) and 15.96 (Pooled)] number of fruits per plant, [168.57 (2022-23), 177.28 (2023-24) and 172.92 (Pooled)] g yield per plant, [55.07 (2022-23), 57.92 (2023-24) and 56.49 (Pooled)] q/ha yield per hectare, ) [11.21 (2022-23), 11.54 (2023-24) and 11.38 (Pooled)] °Brix TSS, [0.60 (2022-23), 0.49 (2023-24) and 0.55 (Pooled)] % titrable acidity, [55.14 (2022-23), 56.86 (2023-24) and 56.00 (Pooled)] mg/100g ascorbic acid, [5.80 (2022-23), 6.00 (2023-24) and 5.90 (Pooled)] % total sugar, [4.17 (2022-23), 4.26 (2023-24) and 4.22 (Pooled)] % reducing sugar, [1.54 (2022-23), 1.65 (2023-24) and 1.60 (Pooled)] % non-reducing sugar and [4.34 (2022-23), 4.38 (2023-24) and 4.36 (Pooled)] days shelf life.
Effect of Processing Methods on the Micronutrient Profile, Colour, and Anti-nutritive Components of Justicia heterocarpa (mwidu)
Authors: Swai Zenorina Aloyce , Nyamete Frida Albinus , Silayo Valerian. C. K.
Published: February 2025

Justicia heterocarpa (mwidu) is a popular indigenous leafy vegetable picked wild in rural regions of Morogoro, Tanzania, during the wet seasons. This research examined the impact of processing on micronutrients, total phenols, and anti-nutrient content. The fresh leaves (FL) underwent direct shade drying (UBLDDR), blanched shade drying (BLDR), blanched oven drying (BLDO), fermentation (FFL), and gas and microwave cooking (FLCO5, FLCO10, and FLMCO2). Vitamins, chlorophyll, minerals, phenolic compounds, and anti-nutrients were analyzed. All laboratory experiments adhered to procedures and guidelines. The pH dropped more significantly to <3.5 in a 3% salt-3% sugar brine solution with 1.328 ± 0.006 mg/100 g of lactic acid compared to its counterpart. Blanched leaves dried in 5 days, but unblanched leaves took 15 days. Fermented samples demonstrated a notable reduction in total chlorophyll concentration (0.0964 ± 0.075 mg/g) compared to other processing techniques. The nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of Justicia heterocarpa showed significant change (P < 0.05) depending on processing methods. The results indicated a significant loss of vitamin C in the fermented and ten-minute cooked samples, at 74.57% and 61.64%, respectively.Cooked FLMCO2 (107.4%, 11.29 ± 0.03 mg/100g) and FLCO5 (86.26%, 10.51 ± 0.02 mg/100g) exhibited more than a two-fold increase in beta-carotene compared to fresh leaves (3.67 mg/100g). In comparison to alternative processing procedures, samples cooked for 10 minutes exhibited significant mineral leaching, whereas unblanched direct shade drying preserved the highest mineral concentration. Fermented samples (532.83 ± 14.91 GAE/100 g) exhibited a 64.19% increase in total Phenolic compounds compared to fresh leaves (190.83 ± 14.91 GAE/100 g). Nonetheless, tannins increased by 68.1% (254.44 ± 7.45 GAE/100g) in the fermented samples. Samples exposed to extended cooking (17.8 ± 3.17 mg/100 g) and fermentation (40.28 ± 3.34 mg/100 g) exhibited the lowest levels of phytates. The oxalate concentration was significantly decreased in the cooked samples. Justicia heterocarpa may serve as a sustainable food supply in areas of Tanzania experiencing nutritional deficits.
Long-term Effect of Tillage, Residue and Biofertilizer on Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Dehydrogenase Activity under Rice-wheat Cropping System in Terai Agro-ecological Region of West Bengal
Authors: Sow Prodipto , Mukhopadhyay Prabir , Sinha Abhas Kumar , Roy Nandini
Published: February 2025

As a major supply of staple foods, the rice-wheat cropping system is crucial to global food security. However, continuous cultivation of these crops has led to several soil-related environmental problems, including the gradual decline in soil health and quality. In this context, maintaining soil health necessitates the adoption of conservation agriculture. This study assessed the effect of tillage, residue and biofertilizer management practices on soil dehydrogenase activity (SDHA) and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) of post wheat soils at various soil depth (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-40 cm). The research was conducted as part of a long-term field experiment initiated in 2006 in rice-wheat cropping system under a factorial randomized block design with three replications in the Terai agro-ecological regions of West Bengal. The results revealed that the SDHA and SMBC were increased by the influence of long-term zero tillage, bio fertilizer & residue addition at the most of the soils depths under study except at 20-40 cm. The highest short-term change of SDHA (213.19%) in compared to the initial soil status was observed in conventionally tilled soil with biofertilizer addition treatment combination. Since SDHA and SMBC are critical indicators of soil health and quality, this study also explored their relationship. Positive good regression coefficient of 0.74, 0.65 and 0.67 at 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil depth were observed respectively. These findings highlight the strong association between the two parameters. With growing future demand of foods, conservation agriculture must be practiced to ensure the long-term sustainability of soil productivity. The study provides evidence that implementing zero tillage along with residue and biofertilizer addition significantly improves these key soil health parameters.
Inheritance of Northern Corn Leaf Blight Resistance in Advanced Generations of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Datta Bipasha , Rajasekhar Duddukur , Bharti Thounaojam , Sen Devyani
Published: February 2025

Developing genetically resistant maize varieties to mitigate yield losses would reduce reliance on chemical control measures. This study underlines the substantial genetic variability and heritability of northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) resistance within a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, highlighting the genetic basis of the trait. ANOVA revealed highly significant genetic variability among families at the 1% level, confirming the presence of sufficient variability for effective selection. The progression from F5 to F6 generations demonstrated the effectiveness of selection, as seen from reduced AUDPC scores in the F6 generation. A genetic gain of -7.74 and a heritability estimate of 48% further validated the success of selection based on lower AUDPC scores. The regression analysis supported by the significant positive correlation (r = 0.65) revealed a significant association between F5 selections and the F6 AUDPC scores, as seen from an R2 value of 0.42 and a moderate predictive slope of 0.52. These associations suggest that while selection is effective in predicting advanced-generation performance, the residual variability points to the need for incorporating additional genetic or environmental factors to improve predictive accuracy. These findings emphasize the predominance of genetic factors in NCLB resistance and the stability of resistance traits across the two generations, offering insights into the genetic control of the trait. By providing a solid foundation for breeding efforts targeting durable resistance, this study contributes to the development of maize varieties with enhanced NCLB resistance and supports sustainable agricultural practices.
Pharmacological Evaluation of (Piliostigma thonningi) Root Extract: Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties
Authors: Malgwi Daniel Wasinda , Adamu Harami Malgwi , Boryo Doris Ezekiel Amin , Oguike Raphael Shadai
Published: February 2025

Medicinal plants have been widely explored for their therapeutic potential due to their rich phytochemical composition. Piliostigma thonningii, a widely used plant in traditional medicine, is known for its diverse bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. This study aims to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol root extract of Piliostigma thonningii. Standard qualitative methods revealed the presence of anthraquinones, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, phytosterols, and saponins, while cardiac glycosides, glycosides, flavonoids, and steroids were absent. Antioxidant potential was assessed using DPPH radical-scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays, revealing dose-dependent radical inhibition. The root crude extract of Piliostigma thonningii exhibits dose-dependent antioxidant activity across DPPH, FRAP, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays, with higher concentrations showing increased efficacy. The presence of bioactive phytochemicals, including flavonoids and phenolic compounds, contributes to its ability to reduce oxidative stress and inhibit free radicals. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vitro via albumin denaturation inhibition and in vivo using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats. At 100 mg/kg, the extract exhibited moderate anti-inflammatory effects, with paw edema peaking at 4 hours (9.093 ± 0.071) and declining at 5 hours (7.362 ± 0.089). However, higher concentrations (200 and 400 mg/kg) showed increased inflammation, peaking at 4 hours (19.621 ± 0.033) and 5 hours (20.001 ± 0.056), respectively. Diclofenac (negative control) demonstrated controlled inflammatory responses, with edema peaking at 4 hours (10.585 ± 0.066) and declining by 5 hours (9.207 ± 0.022). These findings suggest that while the extract has notable anti-inflammatory effects at lower doses, higher doses may exhibit pro-inflammatory tendencies. This study highlights the potential of Piliostigma thonningii root extract as a natural source of anti-inflammatory agents, warranting further investigation for therapeutic applications.
Effect of Some Organic Fertilizers on Quality and Yield of Leaf Cuttings of Palak (Beta vulgaris) cv Bengalensis
Authors: Gautam Ankita , Ram R.B. , Singh K.M.
Published: February 2025

The present experiment was carried out at the Horticultural Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow, U.P., India during the year 2019-21. The field experiment was laid out in simple randomized block design comprising of eight treatments combinations with three replication son quality and yield parameters of palak. The experiment finding reveals that all the quality parameters of spinach i.e. chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid, leaf moisture and dry weight were significantly improved by FYM (M3) and application and third time cuttings (C3). Maximum green leaf yield/ha was reported under this treatment has significantly affect treatment (M3) FYM manure applied and three-time cuttings. The maximum chlorophyll content was recorded under the treatment (M3) Azotobacter and first cuttings (M3). The maximum ascorbic acid content was noticed under the treatment(M3) with first time cuttings (C3).
Stability Evaluation of Acetylsalicylic Acid in Commercial Aspirin Tablets under Different Storage Conditions
Authors: Husejnović Maida Šljivić , Suljić Azra , Taletović Alena , Džambić Amra , Ibišević Merima , Smajlagić Aida , Kozarević Ermina Cilović , Karić Enida , Haličević Arnela
Published: February 2025

This study evaluated the stability of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in commercial Aspirin Protect 100 mg tablets under eight different storage conditions, including varying exposure to moisture, light, and temperature, with a focus on tablets stored in dosette boxes. Acid-base titration methods were used to assess ASA degradation and stability. Elevated moisture had the greatest impact on ASA stability, significantly reducing recovery factors to 85.38% and 81.10% under high humidity, while temperature influenced ASA stability, with notable deviations from control values at temperatures above 25°C (13.26% and 7.16% for two methods). Although storage at 18–25°C yielded acceptable results, reduced temperatures (<8°C) provided better stability. Direct sunlight exposure caused further degradation, reducing recovery values to as low as 82.5% and increasing deviations from control (-10.82% to -16.77%). Hydrolysis, exacerbated by environmental factors, was identified as the primary degradation pathway, leading to the formation of salicylic acid and acetic acid. Samples stored in under recommended conditions had the best stability, with recovery factors meeting pharmacopoeia standards (101.08% and 99.16% of labelled content). These findings underscore the importance of proper storage practices for ASA tablets to maintain their quality, safety, and therapeutic efficacy. While repackaging tablets into dosette boxes may improve compliance, it can compromise stability, highlighting the need for stricter storage guidelines to ensure optimal patient outcomes.
Economic Slowdown in China: Lessons for India’s Foreign Economic Policy
Authors: Mishra Ajay Kumar , Rishi Shraddha
Published: February 2025

Economic data from China over the past years indicates the slumping GDP growth rate, elevated unemployment, rising deflation, and the sustained pace of trade surplus. It shows that all is not well with the world’s second-largest economy. The present study will examine the performance of the Chinese economy with India’s economy on indicators of GDP growth rate, unemployment rate, inflation rate, and balance of trade to do the evidence-based examination. The study uses empirical, analytical, and descriptive frameworks to examine the nature, causes, and consequences of the economic slowdown in China. The study finds that the relative performance of the Chinese economy is not so bad as to predict that China's growth is now gripped by a severe structural downward spiral that will persist for several years. It offers useful lessons to India’s foreign economic policy to reduce the trade deficit by importing critical raw materials from China for its import-competitive industries as the latter passes through a deflationary phase.