bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Optimization of Combustion Chamber Components with Constrained Axisymmetric Sensitivity Analysis Algorithm
Authors: Zhang De Xin , An Wei Guang , Huang Jin Fu , Shao Xue Bo
Published: July 2011

To improve the situation of stress concentration in the combustion chamber component, optimized the design of combustion chamber shell structures is required. In this paper, a new boundary element integrated optimization method is used. There are a symmetry axis structure and effective constrained optimization model for sensitivity analysis. The technology and the general shape optimization algorithm are combined. The components' shape of the combustion chamber's shell under a plane stress is optimized, and finally, the satisfactory results are obtained and the maximum tangential bore stress is reduced.
Corrosion Behavior of Reinforcing Steel Bar HPB235 in NaCl Solution
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Ping
Published: July 2011

The corrosion behavior of reinforcing steel bar HPB235 in concrete structure in 0.5% NaCl solution was investigated and its mechanical properties were tested before and after corrosion. The results showed that, with corrosion time increasing from 240h to 720h, the corrosion rate increases and the corrosion becomes heavier and heavier, but the corrosion scale is not changed obviously in compositions. After 720h, the yield strength is decreased by less than 5%, but the tensile strength and the elongation are decreased by more than 10%.
Test and Analysis of Expansive Deformation for Shrinkage-Compensating Steel Fiber Reinforced Shotcrete
Authors: Yuan Wen Hua , Ma Qin Yong , Cui Peng Bo
Published: July 2011

In order to research the expansive deformation performance of shrinkage-compensating steel fiber reinforced shotcrete, orthogonal test was done in this paper with expansive agent content and steel fiber content as variable. And the test results showed that restrictive expansion ratio was gradually increased when curing in water, while reducing in air. The difference between restrictive expansion ratio and free expansion ratio used to make self stress by stretching steel bar and steel fiber. Meanwhile the maximum self stress is 0.58MPa, and the minimum self stress is 0.23 MPa in concrete. What’s more, both the maximum self stress and the minimum self stress could meet the requirements for self stress of shrinkage-compensating concrete.
The Effect of Anhydrite on the Hydration of CFBC Ash-Clinker-Water System
Authors: Xu Hui Zhong , Song Yuan Ming , Wang Bo
Published: July 2011

The effect of anhydrite on the hydration of CFBC ash-clinker-water system was investigated by ettringite content, chemically combined water content and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the effect of anhydrite on ettringite content at earlier age is significantly greater than that at later age. This work confirms that anhydrite plays a significant role in promoting the hydration of CFBC ash-clinker-water system.
High Temperature Creep Behavior of Zn-1.0Cu-0.2Ti Alloy
Authors: Xiao Lai Rong , Zhang Xi Min , Wang Yan , Li Wei , Sun Quan Sheng , Geng Zhan Ji
Published: July 2011

In the present work, Zn-1.0Cu-0.2Ti alloy was prepared by melt casting and extruding processes. High temperature creep property of the alloy was determined using electronic creep relaxation testing machine. Microstructures of the alloy before and after creep test were observed and its high temperature creep mechanism was discussed. The results show that the steady-state creep rate of the alloy increases with temperature and stress. The logarithm of steady-state creep rate (ln) shows a linearity relationship with the logarithm of the stress (lnσ) and reciprocal of temperature (1/T). The stress exponent and apparent activation energy for creep have been determined to be 5.10 and 83.7 kJ/mol, separately. The predominant mechanism is mainly self-diffusional creep. The second phases on the grain boundary can block the slip of grain boundary and dislocation motion which can improve creep resistance of the alloy.
The Design and Case Study of Pervious Concrete Materials
Authors: Hwang Chao Lung , Chen Chun Tsun , Huang Hsiu Lung , Peng Sheng Szu , Bui Le Anh Tuan , Yan Yuan Yi
Published: July 2011

This study is mainly focused on the design and application of pervious concrete material to pavement and growing plant. The test results show: 1. Addition of fine aggregate obtains better binder quality. 2. Both small aggregate size and good aggregate gradation improve strength, but reduce void ratio and permeability. 3. A data bank of the relationship of the strength, the void ratio and the permeability of pervious concrete was built. 4. A practice case study of pavement demonstrates excellent permeability comparing to the local code and good quality as well as grass growing normally.
Comparision of Direct Quenching and Reheat Quenching Process on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a High Strength Steel
Authors: Duan Zheng Tao , Li Yan Mei , Zhu Fu Xian
Published: July 2011

The effects of direct quenching and tempering (DQ-T) process and conventional reheat quenching and tempering (RQ-T) processes on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a high strength low alloy steel were investigated. In the as-quenched DQ steel, prior austenite grains are elongated parallel to the rolling direction, whereas the as-quenched RQ steel mainly consists of equiaxed grains; The DQ process was found to enhance the hardenability of steel effectively. The tensile strength and yield strength of DQ specimen, were higher than that of RQ specimen. In contrast, low temperature toughness of DQ-T specimen was generally inferior to that of RQ-T specimen.
Fracture Failure Analysis of the 60Si2Mn Spring Steel Liner
Authors: Liu Tao , Chen Rong Fa , Pan Yi , Zhang Xian Liang , Dai Liang Gang
Published: July 2011

After heat treatment, 60Si2Mn spring steel liner failed before installation. Considering the actual production process, detail analysis of the failed parts by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry analysis, mechanical properties experiments, scanning electron microscopy and metallographic examination. Find the reasons which may lead the failure such as the inhomogeneous composition, uneven hardness distribution, surface decarburization and improper heat treatment process, etc.
Effect of the Combined Using of Fly Ash and Granulated Blast Furnace Slag on Properties of Cementless Alkali-Activated Mortar
Authors: Koh Kyung Taek , Ryu Gum Sung , Kim Si Hwan , Lee Jang Hwa
Published: July 2011

This paper examines the effects of the mixture ratio of fly ash/slag, the type of alkaline activators and curing conditions on the workability, compressive strength and microstructure of cementless alkali-activated mortar. The investigation showed that the mixture ratio of fly ash/slag and the type of alkaline activator have significant influence on the workability and strength, whereas the curing temperature has relatively poor effect. An alkali-activated mortar using a binder composed of 50% of fly ash and 50% of granulated blast furnace slag and alkaline activator made of 9M NaOH and sodium silicate in proportion of 1:1 is seen to be able to develop a compressive strength of 65 MPa at age of 28 days even when cured at ambient temperature of 20°C.
High Performance Prestressed Polymer Mortar System in the Application of Concrete Structure Reinforcement
Authors: Zhang Xue Feng , Ma Ye , Song Chun Xia
Published: July 2011

High performance polymer mortar and the high strength prestressed steel wire characteristics are researched and analysised in this paper. High performance prestressed polymer mortar system is proposed in the application of concrete structure reinforcement on the basis of those two existing material of china, reinforcement construction process and successful practical applications is also given. This technology organically combine high-performance polymer mortar with prestressed steel with fire resistance, good corrosion resistance, strong anti-aging, anti-cracking, durability and other advantages, so it is worth further study and extension application.
Preparation of CMC-Stabilized FeS Nanoparticles and their Enhanced Performance for Cr(VI) Removal
Authors: Wang Xian Biao , Liu Jin , Zhao Dong Lin , Song Xiao Jie
Published: July 2011

FeS nanoparticles with uniform size have been prepared through a facile route using (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) CMC as soft template. The nanoparticles are about 4-6 nm by observation of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The CMC template could also stabilize the FeS nanoparticles and resist aggregation. It is important to note that the size of nanoparticles can be easily controlled by the concentration of iron and sulfur source during the synthetic process. Interestingly, the FeS nanoparticles could assemble into rod-like morphology at higher concentration. More importantly, the CMC-stabilized FeS nanoparticles exibit enhanced performance for Cr(Ⅵ) removal as compared with FeS synthesized without CMC stabilizer.
The Influence of the Pressure on the Solidification of Zinc Alloy
Authors: Zhang Ying , Jia Guo Rui , Xie Xian Jiao , Xie Shui Sheng , Li De Fu , Sun Wen Sheng , Geng Mao Peng , He Jin Yu
Published: July 2011

In order to optimize the casting methods of zinc alloy, which was the replacement of copper alloy materials in the future, we tried our best to improve the solidified form and mechanical properties of zinc alloy casting quality. From the experimental conditions on the existing basis, in the zinc alloy solidifying process, the pressure values ranging from 0.1 ~ 1.0Mpa nitrogen stress management were carried out on alloy solidification .After the cooling ,we had the casting sample comparison macro observed and tensile experimental data analyzed. The results showed that: when the pressure was increased to 1.0Mpa, the macro-organization of the zinc alloy achieved the best, and the degree of shrinkage and pores on the outer surface of the metal were smallest. The mold surface was more smooth, and the number of stomata reduced . The quality of the internal organization could be preliminarily judged by the analysis and observation on the zinc alloy appearance.
Study on Road Performance of Phase-Change Temperature-Adjusting Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Ma Biao , Li Jun , Liu Ren Wei , Ma Jin
Published: July 2011

Mixing the composite phase change material (CPCM) to asphalt mixture is a new way to solve the worldwide problem of the low-temperature cracking and high temperature rutting of the asphalt pavement. Asphalt mixture with CPCM can remain in the ideal working temperature range for a relatively long time. This paper analyzes the influence of the contents of CPCM on its road performance by laboratory testing. The study shows that mixing CPCM to asphalt mixture had little effect to the optimal asphalt content. For CPCM prepared by polymer shape-stabilized method, the high-temperature stability and the water stability of asphalt mixture increases firstly and then decreases the low-temperature anti-cracking stability decreases firstly and then increases with the increasing of CPCM. For CPCM prepared by carrier-adsorbed packaging process, the high-temperature stability decreases, low-temperature anti-cracking stability decreases firstly and then increases, the water stability increases firstly and then decreases with increasing of CPCM. The results indicate that CPCM has significant influences on its road performance. The optimal content of CPCM is around 0.3%.
Study on the Joining Characteristics of Diffusion Welding Lap Joint with Various Temperatures between Aluminum Alloy and Stainless Steel
Authors: Shi Hong Xin , Qiu Ran Feng , Tu Yi Min , Yu Hua , Yin Dan Qing
Published: July 2011

The diffusion welding between aluminum alloy and steel was achieved in this study. The influence of welding temperature on the interfacial microstructure and tensile shear strength of the joint were investigated. The joint with 101.3 MPa was obtained under the condition of the welding temperature of 525 °C. The results reveal that the reaction layer thickness increases with the increasing of welding temperatures and that the reaction layer consists of Al5Fe2 and Al13Fe4 formed in the interface. The strength of the joint is related to the reaction layer thickness and when the reaction layer thickness was approximately 0.8 μm, the value of the joint strength reached maximum.
Analysis of the Generation Cause of Scale Shelling Defects on Running Surface of 60kg/m U71Mn Rail
Authors: Zhou Jian Hua , Ji Yu , Ren An Chao , Zhang You Deng
Published: July 2011

There were different degree scale shelling defects on running surface of 60kg/m U71Mn rail after used on the curve for a period of time, the characteristics and the generating reasons of the defects were analyzed, and the improvement measures were presented. There test results indicated that the scale shelling defects found on rail running surface were a sort of typical rolling contact fatigue damage, which caused mainly by the excessive contact stress, as a result of the wheel long-term contact with rail on the gauge corner of the rail on curve. It is effective to prevent and reduce rolling contact fatigue damage by following measures, such as improving the wheel/rail shape matching, and guaranteeing the wheel/rail interface locating on the rail tread center position, and strengthening the railway maintenance, and reasonable preventive grinding and corrective grinding for rails, and strict executing the system that rail grading use, the heat-treated rails should be used on small curve radius and heavy-load railway.
Influence of Plastic Deformation on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Homogenized AZ80 Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Wu Yao Jin , Zhang Zhi Ming , Li Bao Cheng , Zhang Bao Hong , Yu Jian Min , Xue Yong
Published: July 2011

In the present research, the influences of different extrusion ratios (15, 30, 45, 60, and 75) and extrusion temperature (300°C, 330°C, 360°C, 390°C, 420°C) on the mechanical properties and microstructure changes of AZ80 magnesium alloy have been investigated through tensile test and via ZEISS digital metallographic microscope observation. Research indicates that the alloy’s plasticity gradually decreases as the temperature increases, and that the alloy’s tensile strength varies with the extrusion ratio. At 330°C, the alloy’s particle grain is small and a small amount of black hard and brittle second-phase β (Mg17Al12) are precipitated uniformly along the grain boundary causing the gradual increase of the alloy’s tensile strength. When the extrusion temperature is up to 390°C, the grain size increases significantly, but the second phase precipitation along grain boundaries transforms into continuous and uniform-distribution precipitation within the grain. In this case, when the extrusion ratio is 60, the alloy’s tensile strength reaches its peak 390 Mpa. As the extrusion temperature increases, inhomogeneous precipitation of the second-phase along grain boundaries increases, causing the decrease of the alloy’s strength. At the same temperature, both the tensile strength and plasticity increases firstly and then decreases as extrusion ratio increases. With the gradual increase of the refinement grain, the dispersed precipitates increase and the alloy’s tensile strength and plasticity reach their peaks when the extrusion temperature is 390°C. As the grain grows, the second phase becomes inhomogeneous distribution, and the alloy’s strength and plasticity gradually decrease.
Microstructures and Properties of Plasma Surfaced NiCrBSi+WC/Co Layers
Authors: Wang Wen Quan , Lu Bao Sheng , Huang Shi Ming , You Qun
Published: July 2011

Microstructures and properties of plasma surfaced NiCrBSi+20%WC/12Co layer prepared on the die steel (H13) substrate were investigated. The study showed that the interface boundary existed between the layer and substrate. Compared with the typical microstructures of welded joint, the similar columnar grains in the layer perpendicular to the interface line were observed, which were never seen in the plasma sprayed coating. The conclusion could be drawn that the bonding between the NiCrBSi+20%WC/12Co layer and H13 substrate belonged to the metallurgical cohesion. The XRD analysis showed that the main phases in the layer included γ-(Fe, Ni), Cr7BC4, Ni4B3, Cr7C3 and Co7W6, which brought higher strength and higher hardness to the surfaced layer than the H13 substrate.
Study on Casting Speed and the Speed of on-Line Mould Width Adjustment of Slab Continuous Casting
Authors: Gao Qi , Xie Dong Gang , Yang La Dao , Zhang Xiao Long
Published: July 2011

Starting from the analysis of stresses on narrow side shell, based the principle that the stresses of narrow side shell will be less than the hot strength of cast steel grade, the maximum rate of displacement in course of freely bulging under hydrostatic pressure is deduced in this paper. And the speed of width adjustment is set based on which. Meanwhile the strain on wide side shell in width adjustment process is calculated. According to critical strain hypothesis, after investigation a proper casting speed is set to make the strain of wide side shell less than the critical strain and so to ensure the shell thickness in exit of mold meeting with production requirements.
Study on Constitutive Relationship of Fe-36Ni Invar Alloy
Authors: Li Guo He , Cai Yu Jun , Qi Hou Jun
Published: July 2011

By electronic universal testing machine and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar, the mechanical properties data of Fe-36Ni invar alloy are gained at a range of temperature from 20°C to 800°C and strain rate from 10-3 /s to 104/s. An improved Johnson-Cook model is presented to describe the mechanical behavior of Fe-36Ni invar alloy at high temperature and high strain rate, and verified by experimental results.
The Experimental Study on Sensitivity of Hydrogen Embrittlement of 20Cr2Ni4A High-Strength Steel Cleaned by Ultrasonic and Deruster
Authors: Meng Ling Dong , Zhang Qing , Liang Zhi Jie
Published: July 2011

In order to test whether there is the change of mechanics performance cleaned by ultrasonic and deruster, the experiments on mechanics performance and sensitivity of hydrogen embrittlement have been conducted. During the experiments, 20Cr2Ni4A steel are selected as the materials, which endure the relatively great concussion load in the bad condition, and the gaps’ long-time permanence experiments and short-time tension and concussion experiments have been done. Through the compare of mechanics performances and the SEM analysis of tensile fracture surface of the samples, it can be proved that the mechanics performances and rupture mechanism are the same, no matter whether the materials are cleaned by ultrasonic and deruster or not. These indicate that it doesn’t bring the change of mechanics performances and hydrogen embrittlement to clean the materialss by ultrasonic and deruster.
The Development of Auxiliary Sets in Novel Cold Roll Forming Line - Continuous Mini Stretching-Bending Straighter and Roller Punching System
Authors: Du Yan Bing , Han Jing Tao , Zhang Yong Jun
Published: July 2011

Cold roll forming thin strip products occupy a rather large proportion of novel cold bending manufacturing. Conventional roller straightening could not obtain perfect straightening effects when the thickness of strip less than 1mm. On the basis of continuous roller stretcher straightening theory, we developed an area saved, high efficient strip straightening facility. At the same time, punching is also requested during the cold roll forming of strips. High quality productions can be achieved at high speed through the roller punching system, so the device is adaptive for high efficiency cold roll forming production.
Analysis of Axial Subcritical Crack Propagation in X80 Pipeline using Micro-Mechanical Model
Authors: Qiu Bao Wen , Yuan Ze Xi , Zhou Gui Feng
Published: July 2011

This study provides an engineering application of a continuum damage model to analyze the ductile tearing of axial surface cracks in X80 pipelines. Compact tension experiments were conducted to examine the behavior of large crack extension of X80 pipeline steel. The test results were used to verify the optimized parameter set of the proposed damage model. In the numerical model, progressive damage was restricted within a predetermined fracture process zone (FPZ). The material’s damage behavior in FPZ was described in terms of the Gurson–Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) micro-mechanical damage model. The measured load versus load line displacement curve of CT specimens was numerically predicted using the damage model developed. T* integral was calculated to determine the limiting crack size in X80 pipelines. The damage model was then used to analyze the axial subcritical crack extension. It can help Leak-Before-Break (LBB) assessment.
Electroless Ni-P-PTFE Composite Coatings on Titanium Alloy and Their Tribological Properties
Authors: Yang Zhong Dong , Wu Di , Liu Meng Fei
Published: July 2011

In this study, it was the first attempt to fabricate Ni-P-PTFE composite coatings on titanium alloy (manufactured through electroless composite plating). The effects of suspended PTFE concentration, temperature and surfactant concentration in the plating solution on the PTFE content in the resulting coatings were investigated. In addition, the friction and wear properties of the samples were analyzed. The results showed that co-deposition of Ni-P and PTFE can obviously decrease the friction coefficient of the coatings, reduce wear and improve lubricating property of the coatings.
Analysis in Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior of Bainite Steel Exposed in Offshore Platform Based on the Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Ming , Yu Jian Fei , Yang Shan Wu , He Xin Lai
Published: July 2011

Back propagation (BP) neural network model was established, using the corrosion data of five kinds of recently developed bainite weathering steel and the commercial weathering steel 09CuPCrNi exposed in the offshore platform in Wanning. The influences of elements P, Cu, C and Cr on the corrosion behavior of weathering steel were studied according to the model. The experimental results indicate that the corrosion depth of bainite weathering steel corroded for 1 year could decline owing to the increasing contents of P, Cu and Cr in steel while C has little effect on the variation of the corrosion depth.
Temperature Field Simulation of Flame Deformation Correction for Thin Plate
Authors: Zhang Ji Ping , Wang Guang Wei
Published: July 2011

Flame deformation correction is the main means for correcting welding deformation of thin plate, and the temperature field simulation is an important component during the flame deformation correction calculation, which will directly determine the calculation accuracy and complexity. In order to simplify the calculation, firstly, the temperature field calculation is divided into three separate processes, secondly each process id divided into heating step, heat conduction step and heat exchanging step, and mathematical models of the three processes are established through dispersing in time and space. Experiments show that this method not only can simplify the calculation, but also is with high calculation accuracy, so it is with important application value.
Design and Fabrication of Blood Drawing Device
Authors: Su Chih Wei , Chien Chao Heng
Published: July 2011

This paper proposed a novel device to draw blood from the finger. PDMS is used as an actuated pump, the device has an advantage in a precise controlled the volume of blood drawn. The operation process of the blood drawing device with the deflection of the PDMS membrane is to generate negative pressure. For measuring the performance of the device, we also fabricate a PDMS tank as pig’s skin. Two different viscosity fluid are used, the red ink and pig’s blood. The result of red ink drawn is 0.2cc, and the pig’s blood is 0.1cc.
Study on Flux-Pinned Interaction between High-Temperature Superconductor and Permanent Magnet and Flux-Pinning’s Self-Stability
Authors: Zhang Ming Liang , Lu Yong , Gao Dong
Published: July 2011

Flux pinned effect (FPE) takes place in high-temperature superconductors (HTSC) when being cooled below critical temperature in magnetic field and appears the self-stable with resisting the disturbing and recovering the initial equilibrium position , even in the failure of control, which is ideal for the activities of spacecraft. In order to investigate the special phenomenon, the image-dipole model (IDM) for interaction and spring-damper model (SDM) for system are adopted in this paper. IDM are based on two assumed images and SDM linked with flux-pinned interface is based on virtual spring and damper. Two models effectively deal with the flux-pinning and give some clear expressions. When moving along single orient, this paper demonstrates the pairs’ self-stability based on two models.
Investigation on High-Phosphorus Electroless Ni–P Plating Technology of Stainless Steel
Authors: Wu Xiao Juan , Liu Zheng Jun , Li Guo De
Published: July 2011

The high-phosphorus electroless Ni–P plating was coated on the surface of stainless steel. Five parameters, which have much effect on coating quality, were chosen to optimize the high-phosphorus electroless Ni–P plating technology in L16(45) orthogonal test. By means of x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, the morphologies and phase structures of coating were analyzed. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of coating were studied by micro-hardness tester and universal friction-wear testing machine. The results reveal that the optimal technical parameters are as follows: 20 g•L-1 for NiSO4, 23 g•L-1 for NaH2PO2, 15 g•L-1 for C6H5O7Na3•2H2O, 8 g•L-1 for H2N-CH2-COOH, 10g•L-1 for CH3COONa, 7 g•L-1 for C4H6O4, with PH value of 4.6, which leads to perfect coating quality. Besides, the P content is 11.64 wt.%, i.e. a high-P coating. The micro-hardness of the coating is 550.67 HV and the wear loss, 4.7×10-3 g. The thermal shock test suggests that between coating and matrix exist a perfect cohesion, which is due to the homogenous and compact coating, with an amorphous structure, under the condition of the optimal technical parameters.
Experiment Study on the High-Phosphorus Hematite Carbothermal Reduction in Microwave Field
Authors: He Zhi Jun , Jin Yong Long , Zhang Hui
Published: July 2011

In the paper, the experimental research on dephosphorization and iron yield for high-phosphorus oolitic hematite by coal-based carbothermal reduction was carried out. It indicated that microwave can speed up the rate of carbothermal reduction of iron ore and strengthen the effects of dephosphorization and increasing iron content. The dephosphorization rate and iron yield of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite exceeding 87.8% and 91.8% by the way of carbothermal reduction in the microwave field and a further fine-grinding and magnetic separation.
Experiment Research on Combustion of Microwave Modified PC
Authors: He Zhi Jun , Jin Yong Long , Pang Qing Hai
Published: July 2011

There are many ways to increase the combustion rate of pulverized coal. In this paper, it is improve pulverized coal combustion rate by the method of microwave modification. In order to study the mechanism of modification on pulverized coal, microstructure and chemical compositions of pulverized coal before and after modification were studied. The results show that the microwave modification only changes the nature of PC itself without change component in the lower microwave power condition. And with the modified time extension, the pore number of PC surface gradually increases and the specific surface area enlarges. The highest combustion rate of modified-coal is 85.4%, and it is increase 11.1% than the raw coal in the experiment condition.
Microwave-Irradiated Preparation of Super Absorbent Resin by Graft Copolymerization of Starch and Acrylic Acid
Authors: Zhao Da Biao
Published: July 2011

Graft copolymerization of acrylic acid(AA) on starch to prepare super absorbent resin (SAR) under microwave irradiation were investigated using N,N-methylene bis-acrylamide as crosslinker and potassium persulfate as initiator. The influences of the amount of initiator and crosslinker, neutralization degree of acrylic acid(AA), ratio of starch to AA, microwave power level and irradiation time on the distilled water absorption amount of resin were investigated. The results indicated that it only needed 4min under the microwave level of 231W to obtain the resin with the maximum absorption amount of 1110g×g-1, under the conditions that 0.3wt% initiator, 0.02wt% crosslinker, 60% neutralization degree of acrylic acid, the ratio of starch to acrylic acid of 0.25. Under microwave irradiation, the synthesis and drying of super absorbent resin could be completed at one step without nitrogen. Compared to conventional heating method, the methods had the striking advantages of short reaction time, simple process and low cost.
Microstructures and Strength of Hot-Rolled Mg-Zn-Y Alloys
Authors: Zhu Yao Min , Gao Qiu Ran , Ren Feng Zhang , Fang Shi Jie
Published: July 2011

The effects of the hot-rolling process on microstructures and strength were investigated for two kinds of magnesium alloy Mg-Zn-Y and Mg-Zn-Y-Nd. In comparison with the as-cast alloys, the tensile strength of Mg-Zn-Y and Mg-Zn-Y-Nd both increases 45%, whereas their elongation decreases 73%, 60% via hot-rolling process, respectively. The results show that the dynamic recrystallization process and the pining effect of I-phase during hot rolling contribute to the fine-grained structure formation. The hot-rolling process has refined the grain size greatly.
Research on the Application of DVD Pick-Up Head in Three-Dimensional Optical Storage
Authors: Cai Jian Wen , Meng Fei , Zhang Ya Feng , Zhang Mei Feng , Pan Xue Tao
Published: July 2011

Two-photon three-dimensional optical data storage is an effective method for high capacity data storage. Based on DVD pick-up head and two-photon absorption, two-photon three-dimensional optical disk storage system is built, and operating principle of the overall system is in detail. In the servo module of three-dimensional optical disk storage system, DVD circuit control board (MT1389SE) is conducted on three-point improvement: extract focus servo error signal and servo error signal, increase four communications interfaces，increase photoelectric detectors; the extraction of focus and track servo signal on reading and writing module is analyzed in detailed. The measured principles and methods of the voice coil motor characteristic curve of Sanyo DVD pick-up head (SF-HD60S) are analyzed in detailed by using dual-frequency laser interferometer, which can be well meet the layer selection requirements of three-dimensional optical storage. DVD pick-up head applied in three-dimensional optical storage overcomes the limitations of three-dimensional scanning stage, integrates with existing DVD servo technology, and lays a solid foundation for practical use of two-photon three-dimensional optical storage.
Development of Numerical Model and Coupled Thermal/Mechanical Analysis in the Laser Transmission Joining of PET and Stainless Steel
Authors: Jiang Min Feng , Song Xin Hua , Li Pin , Hu Yang , Wang Kai , Wang Xiao , Liu Hui Xia
Published: July 2011

Laser transmission joining of dissimilar and biocompatible materials has potential applications in biomedical implants. In this work, a three-dimensional (3D) transient model for sequentially coupled thermal/mechanical analysis of laser transmission joining of 0.1mm thick PET film and 0.1mm stainless steel has been developed by using the ANSYS parametric design language APLD, along with a moving Gaussian laser heat source. It can be calculated how long it takes to reach the quasi-steady state through the stimulation of the temperature field. The calculated values of the joint width are in good agreement with the experimental results by comparison under conditions of different parameters, which indicates that the model is reliable and is helpful for optimizing process parameters. Then based on the temperature field, the residual stress field distribution on both PET and stainless steel surface is achieved by applying the indirect coupling methods to the analysis. this study also has laid a theoretical foundation for improving the stress distribution on the joint.
Surface Layer Properties of Sintered Ferritic Stainless Steel Remelted and Alloyed with FeNi and Ni by HPDL Laser
Authors: Brytan Zbigniew , Bonek Mirosław , Dobrzański Leszek Adam , Pakieła Wojciech
Published: July 2011

Laser surface remelting and alloying of sintered stainless steel type 410L with FeNi and Ni have been studied for improvement of corrosion resistance and hardness increase. The influences of high power diode laser (HPDL) processing conditions, laser power in range 0.7-2.1 kW on the microstructure and properties of alloyed surface layer have been evaluated. The FeNi alloyed layer shows microstructure composed of austenite and martensite formed, due to high cooling rate in laser remelting process, with average Ni content in range of 39 to 8% depending on laser processing conditions. The Ni alloyed layer was composed of austenitic microstructure with Ni content from 65% to 33%. The improvement in microhardness was achieved by laser surface alloying and remelting. Excellent corrosion properties were observed for such remelted and alloyed layers in salt spray test.
Research on Strip Steel Surface Bright-Field and Dark-Field Images Fusion Method
Authors: Wei Yu Lan , Li Bing , Yan Yun Hui , Zhu Shou Xin
Published: July 2011

To effective integrate the bright-field and dark-field defect image information to solve the missed and false inspection problems due to incomplete information, according to the characteristic of strip steel surface defect image, a novel image fusion method is proposed. Firstly, the two original images are decomposed using Non-sub-sampled contourlet transform (NSCT) separately so that the low frequency coefficients and high frequency coefficients are obtained. To retain the important defect information, different methods are adapted to fuse high and low frequency coefficients. Finally, the fused image is obtained by performing the inverse NSCT on the combined coefficients. The experimental results show that the quantity of image information and image quality are highly improved. This method can effectively solve the problem of missed and false detection.
A Study of (N-octylic acid)-N-Quinazolin-4-One Methylester as an Oil Additive
Authors: Ouyang Ping , Zhang Xian Ming
Published: July 2011

(n-octylic acid)-N-quinazolin-4-one methylester was synthesized as potential lubricating oil additive. The friction and wear behaviors of the synthesized compound as an additive in liquid paraffin on 12.7mm diameter steel ball bearing specimen were evaluated with a four-ball machine. The worn surfaces of the steel balls were observed using a scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the novel compound as an additive in liquid paraffin was effective in improving the tribological performance.
Research of GaAs Polishing Uniformity on Non-Abrasive Cryogenic Conditions
Authors: Qu Shou Ping , Liang Tian Zhu , Zhang Zhong Shu
Published: July 2011

In the paper, it is introduced a new method of non-abrasive cryogenic polishing which is used to polish GaAs chips. It is also analyzed the influence of different factors on polishing surfaces and polishing uniformity. The rotate speed of work piece disk is a more important factor on impacting the polishing uniformity than offset e.
Research on Static Characteristics of Deep/Shallow Pockets Hybrid Bearing under Laminar and Turbulent Mixed Regimes
Authors: Guo Hong , Zhang Shao Lin , Cen Shao Qi
Published: July 2011

For high speed hybrid journal bearing with deep/shallow pockets, film thickness and film Reynolds number vary considerably in different position. Laminar flow and turbulent flow exist simultaneously in the bearing film. This paper establishes the laminar and turbulent mixed film control equations and the pressure boundary conditions together with the restrictor flow equation for a deep/shallow pockets journal hybrid bearing compensated by interior restrictor. The static characteristics such as attitude angle, load carrying capacity, friction power loss and flow volume rate are given by solving the equations with Finite Element Method. By comparing the laminar, turbulent and mixed flow results, it can be seen that the coefficients are proximity under journal speed 5000 rpm (only part of deep pockets is turbulent flow). But the characteristics coefficients of three flow models contrast evidently under journal speed 50000 rpm (deep and shallow pockets are turbulent flow, part of bearing land is laminar flow). Laminar and turbulence mixed flow lubrication theory is more accurate to high speed hybrid bearing with deep/shallow pockets.
Analysis of Stress Response for the Super High Rise Double-Tower Connected Structure with the Trusses of Changing Rigidity
Authors: Mu Zai Gen , Wang Li , Fan Zhong
Published: July 2011

According to the current “Construction structure load standard”, in this paper, on the base of building a FEM of super high rise DTCS that with connected trusses and a single tower without connected trusses, the mechanical property of each was analyzed by using ETABS, a three- dimensional finite element software. The contrasted result indicates that with connected trusses the double-tower connected structures have better performance and higher structural effectiveness. This feature is more clearly seen with the increases of the truss’ rigidity. The stress of the truss shows certain regularity with the alteration of the truss’ stiffness and location.
Haptic Control for Minimally Invasive Robotic Surgery
Authors: Xu Zhao Hong , Song Cheng Li , Yan Shi Ju
Published: July 2011

Minimally invasive robotic surgery has been investigated in various surgical application due to high accuracy, fine manipulation capability, tele-operation. Haptic feedback plays a significant role in MIS. In this paper, a dynamics model of a haptic robot is established, and PID algorithm is proposed. To prove the proposed method, an experimental system has been developed. Simulations and experiments show proposed methods is an effective method to master-slave MIRS.
The Method of Parametric Design of Mixing Blades Based on Subdividing Functions
Authors: Wang An Lin , Li Fan , Zan Peng Yu
Published: July 2011

In order to improve the comprehensive performance of concrete truck mixer, considering the kinetics between concrete and blade, a parametric design model is built to find the relation between the parameters of the blade and performance. Based on subdividing function, the drum is divided into different parts called helix, the helix is designed as different blades for each part, then all the blades are combined into a complete helix. According to the design requirements (slump, the bevel angle of the drum), the corresponding blades are created. The simulation and engineering test show that this parametric design model can improve the comprehensive performance, besides, this method provide a new way to solve the detail design problem between multiphase and blade.
The Finite Element Model (FEM) Updating of Mirror Frame System Based on Response Surface Method
Authors: Chen Xue Qian , Xiao Shi Fu , Liu Xin En
Published: July 2011

It is difficult in finite element model(FEM) updating, because the essence is a mechanical anti-question solving. In the paper, the suppositional material method is utilized to model the FEM of a mirror frame system, and the required updating parameters are defined. The functions between the natural frequency and the updating parameters are established based on the response surface method. Based on the response surface model and the modal experiment results, the sum of absolute value of relative errors between the results of experiments and simulations is defined as the optimization objective, four required updating are identified automatically. The first three natural frequencies of updated mirror frame system are better accordant with the experiment results, which proves the method correct and reliable.
Dynamic Optimization Design of Stochastic Finite Element
Authors: Mo Wen Hui
Published: July 2011

A general model of the optimum design of structural vibration with the random parameters is introduced. Dynamic optimization design of stochastic finite element using the Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient method (PCG) is presented. The vibration equation of a system is transformed to a static problem by using the Willson method and stochastic finite element analysis of structural vibration adopts the PCG.An example is given respectively and the proposed method is robust and efficient.
Analysis of the Heat Transfer Coefficients on the Top of a Marine Diesel Piston Using the Inverse Heat Conduction Method
Authors: He Tao , Lu Xi Qun , Guo Yi Bin
Published: July 2011

An efficient method utilizing the concept of inverse heat conduction is presented for the thermal analysis of pistons based on application to the piston head of a marine diesel engine. An inverse heat conduction problem is established in the form of an optimization problem. In the optimization problem, the convection heat transfer coefficient（HTC）on the top side of the piston is defined as the design variable, while the error between the measured and analysed temperatures is defined as objective function. For the optimization, an axi-symmetrical finite element conduction model is presented. The optimum distribution of the HTC at the top side of piston is successfully determined through a numerical implementation. The temperature obtained via an analysis using the optimum HTC is compared with the measured temperature, and reasonable agreement is obtained. The present method can be effectively utilized to analyze the temperature distribution of engine pistons.
Compositional Design of Ceramic Extrusion Die Materials Based on the Residual Stress Analyses in the Die Manufacturing Process
Authors: Xu Chong Hai , Zhang Jing Jie , Jiang Zhen Yu , Yi Ming Dong
Published: July 2011

In the die manufacturing process of ceramic extrusion die, the residual stress was produced resulted from the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between ceramic die and die core of graphite. As a result, the longitudinal cracks were formed in the ceramic extrusion die. The thermal residual stress formed in the cooling process was analyzed by finite element simulation method. The result indicated that the thermal expansion coefficient was the primary factor which could affect the tensile stress of ceramic extrusion die. Then, the thermal expansion coefficient, elastic modulus and poisson's ratio of ceramic extrusion die material were selected as design variables, and the largest tensile stress that less than allowable stress of ceramic die material was determined as the objective function, the material component were optimized according to the finite element simulation. The longitudinal cracks were eventually avoided.
Experimental Research on Ultrasonic Vibration Milling Metal Matrix Composites SiCp/Al
Authors: Gao Guo Fu , Zhao Yan Yan , Xiang Dao Hui , Zhao Bo
Published: July 2011

Although particle reinforced metal matrix composites possess excellent physical properties, its machining performance is rather bad because of its specific structure. It is difficult to obtain good cutting effect by traditional machining method. So machining has become the bottleneck which strictly restricts its industry application. This paper mainly focuses on both wear characteristics of different tool materials and material removal mechanism in ultrasonic milling high volume fraction particle reinforced metal matrix composites SiCp/Al. An acoustic device for ultrasonic vibration milling was developed to introduce the ultrasonic vibration into the traditional machining process. Through the contrast experiment of traditional milling and ultrasonic vibration milling SiCp/Al, the mechanism of tool wear and characteristics of surface topography were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the surface integrity and tool life in the ultrasonic vibration milling SiCp/Al were improved. This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
Detection Status of Surface Defect for Precise Optical Element
Authors: Chu Hong Yu , Xie Zhi Jiang , Xu Xu , Zhou Li Dan , Liu Qin
Published: July 2011

The optical surface defects have a significant impact on functions and reliability of the whole optical system. In recent years, with the great attention on research of large-scale high-power solid-state laser device at home and abroad, the detection of optical surface defect has also been highly valued. Through continuous exploration, defect detection technology has made some achievements, but there are still some urgent technical problems to be solved. In this paper, the technology situation of optical surface defect will be summarized in two aspects: the surface cleanliness and surface flaws. Moreover, the technical difficulties and the problems which are currently facing will be analysis.
Effects of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties for Wear Resistant Casting Surface with Vacuum Evaporable Pattern Casting Infiltration Process
Authors: Yang Da Chun
Published: July 2011

Wear-resistant casting was made by V-EPC infiltration process. The matrix material was high boron steel casting. Surface composite materials layer was ceramic particles, such as WC, Ferrochromium, and Borax, etc. High boron molten metal was infiltrated into the composite layer and a good cast-infiltration layer may be formed by the interaction of vacuum and high temperature. The wear-resistant casting made with this process has high strength, hardness, and good wear-resistance. It is a new process that wear-resistant casting will be made of.
The Computational Analysis of Hanging-Weight Method Used in High Speed Rail
Authors: Wang Hao Yu , Xiao Hong , Hou Bo Wen
Published: July 2011

This paper focuses on the feasibility of the hanging-weight method in bridge deflection test of high speed rail. Firstly, it explains principles and component part. And then it proposes steps to determine test parameters. Lastly, it demonstrates the feasibility and reliability of this method by numerical simulation. The result shows the hanging-weight method satisfies the precision of bridge deflection measurement in high speed rail.
The Effect of MgO-Al2O3 Spinel on Refractory Bricks Made from Al2O3-Cr2O3 Slag
Authors: Zheng Li Jun , Zhang Guo Dong , Qu Dian Li , Liu Feng
Published: July 2011

The Al2O3-Cr2O3 slag as raw material was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of different size distribution of MgO-Al2O3 spinel grain on physical properties of refractory bricks made from Al2O3-Cr2O3 slag was studied according to YB/T376.1-1995（water quenching）, GB/T 5072－1985, GB/T 2997-1982 criterion. The results show that the main crystal phase of the refractory bricks were chromium corundum, corundum. The refractory bricks containing 10 wt% of the maximum size of 3.0 mm of MgO-Al2O3 spinel grain can significantly improve the thermal shock resistance of this refractory bricks. At the meanwhile, This kind of refractory bricks can be absolutely satisfied with the requirements about cold crushing strength, bulk density and apparent porosity.
Preparation of the Al2O3-ZrO2-C Sliding Nozzle Using Recovery Refractory and Improvement of its Performance
Authors: Tian Lin , Chen Shu Jiang , Zhang Xiao Ning , Li Guo Hua
Published: July 2011

Utilization of waste refractory material has attracted much attention due to the development of metallurgical industry and the requirements of environmental protection. This article mainly researched on the Al2O3-ZrO2-C sliding nozzle that prepared using its recovery refractory and some other new materials. The addition of the recovery material leads to the formation of ZrO2compound. The performance of the sliding nozzle is enhanced by controlling its microstructure, including the improvement of strength under cold and high temperature, and increase in slag resistance.