bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A new cure rate regression framework for bivariate data based on the Chen distribution
Authors: de Oliveira Ricardo Puziol , de Oliveira Peres Marcos Vinicius , Martinez Edson Z , Alberto Achcar Jorge
Published: September 2022

The present study introduces a new multivariate mixture cure rate model based on the Chen probability distribution to model recurrent event data in the presence of cure fraction. In this context, we provide an alternative for the use of some usual modeling approaches as the semiparametric Cox proportional hazards model commonly used in lifetime data analysis, considering a new bivariate parametric model to be used in the data analysis of bivariate lifetime data assuming a mixture structure for the bivariate data in presence of covariates, censored data and cure fraction. Under a Bayesian setting, the proposed methodology was considered to analyze two real medical datasets from a retrospective cohort study related to leukemia and diabetic retinopathy diseases. The model validation process was addressed by using the Cox-Snell residuals, which allowed us to identify the suitability of the new proposed mixture cure rate model.
A nonparametric test for equality of survival medians using right-censored prevalent cohort survival data
Authors: McVittie James Hugh , Asgharian Masoud
Published: September 2022

The median is a robust summary commonly used for comparison between populations. The existing literature falls short in testing for equality of survival medians when the collected data do not form representative samples from their respective target populations and are subject to right censoring. Such data commonly occur in prevalent cohort studies with follow-up. We consider a particular case where the disease under study is stable, that is, the incidence rate of the disease is stable. It is known that survival data collected on diseased cases, when the disease under study is stable, form a length-biased sample from the target population. We fill the gap for the particular case of length-biased right-censored survival data by proposing a large-sample test using the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator of the survivor function in the target population. The small sample performance of the proposed test statistic is studied via simulation. We apply the proposed method to test for differences in survival medians of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia groups using the survival data collected as part of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging.
Initial Trust and Usage Intention: A Study on Mobile Payment Adoption in Bangladesh
Authors: Saha Trisha , Dey Tonmoy , Hoque Md. Rakibul
Published: September 2022

Mobile payment (m-payment) still lacks widespread acceptance among Bangladeshi users despite its enormous possibilities. Previous studies have identified the reasons behind such reluctant usage intentions based on the data collected from regular m-payment users in Bangladesh. However, in Bangladesh, no study has considered the first-time user experience, which reflects initial trust yet. Therefore, the study was undertaken to identify the factors determining initial trust and their impact on m-payment usage intention in Bangladesh. We applied the structural equation modelling method to conduct an analysis of 284 first-time m-payment user data in Bangladesh. Initial trust was found positively influenced by perceived ubiquity, perceived security and perceived ease of use; perceived usefulness and the intention to use m-payments were found positively affected by initial trust. The study also revealed the positive association of users’ personal innovativeness and the negative association of perceived cost on m-payment usage intention. The mediation effects of initial trust were also found significant. The study recommends building initial user trust and service provider measures to encourage m-payment usage intention.
Dutch positive action measures in higher education in the light of EU law
Authors: Nowak Tobias
Published: September 2022

In June 2020, the Netherlands Institute for Human Rights delivered an opinion on a positive action program run by the Eindhoven University of Technology. In this legally non-binding opinion the Institute declared the measures incompatible with the Dutch Equal Treatment Act and several EU provisions and CJEU judgments. The program reserved all vacant positions exclusively for women for a number of years. Consequently the Eindhoven University of Technology revised the program and the Netherlands Institute for Human Rights approved this revised program in March 2021 in another opinion. These opinions raise a number of interesting questions concerning EU non-discrimination law that are worth investigating further. Foremost is the question of how to interpret EU law on positive discrimination after years of silence on this issues from the CJEU.
Feeding Performance and Outcomes in Infants With Robin Sequence Undergoing Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis
Authors: McGhee Heather , Gehle Daniel , Shope Chelsea , Wen Chun-Che , Marston Alexander P , Discolo Christopher , Pecha Phayvanh P
Published: September 2022

To describe perioperative feeding performance in infants with Robin sequence (RS) who underwent mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO).

A retrospective study of infants that underwent MDO from May 2010 to December 2019.

Tertiary pediatric hospital.

A total of 40 patients underwent MDO and 20 met inclusion criteria. Of the included infants, 6 had an associated syndrome and 80% were male.

Time to full oral feeds, rate of G-tube placement, and change in weight percentile following MDO.

Average oral intake prior to MDO was 22.1% of individual goal feeds. Among the 15 (75%) children that did not require G-tube placement, mean time to full oral feeds after MDO was 11 days ± 5.7 days, with 80% of infants reaching full oral feeds within 2 weeks after extubation. The proportion of G-tube placement in patients with a syndrome was higher than in isolated RS (−0.6; 95% CI: −1.0, −0.2). Mean percentages of weight-for-age percentile decreased during the first 3 months after the procedure. This was followed by a mean upturn in weight starting after the third month after MDO with a recovery to preoperative mean weight-for-age percentiles by 6 months after surgery.

This study suggests that infants with RS may achieve full oral feeds despite poor feeding performance before MDO. Infants with syndromic RS are more likely to require G-tube. These findings may be used to inform G-tube discussion and offer a timeline to work toward goal oral feeds for infants with RS after MDO.
School Nurses’ Perspectives on Health among School-Aged Children and Adolescents During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Garmy Pernilla , Rahr Charlotta , Persson Louise , Einberg Eva-Lena
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate school nurses’ perspectives on students’ health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden in 2021. A cross-sectional survey design was used with school nurses (n = 225) working in schools in Sweden from elementary to upper secondary levels. The Clausson School Nurse Perception Questionnaire was used with two additional questions about the COVID-19 pandemic. The school nurses rated students’ physical health as very good or good in 78% of the cases and their mental health as very good or good in 64%. There was also a negative trend in mental health during the pandemic, especially among girls. School nurses working in vulnerable areas (i.e., areas with a high proportion of immigrants and those receiving financial assistance) rated students’ physical and mental health significantly worse compared other areas.
“For me, it's a real pain”: A Foray into the Experience of Parents Involved in Family-Based Treatment
Authors: Thibault Isabelle , Leduc Karissa , Tougas Anne-Marie , Pesant Caroline
Published: September 2022

Eating disorders are undoubtedly challenging for the adolescents experiencing them, but they can also be challenging for their parents. The current study employed a qualitative research design to examine the challenges endured by parents raising adolescents with eating disorders and undergoing a Family-Based Treatment (FBT) program. Six mothers of adolescents with anorexia nervosa or bulimia were interviewed about the challenges they face as parents of a child with an eating disorder and the changes they have had to make in their lives. Overall, results highlighted challenges from a personal, family, and parental role lens. Findings also call attention to the difficult responsibilities placed on parents during FBT programs such as involvement in their child's refeeding plan and the emotional toll their child's experience places on them. Implications for the level of support needed by parents are discussed according to their role in FBT programs.
Multiple Cutaneous Solitary Circumscribed Neuroma in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 2: An “Incidentaloma” or New Association?
Authors: Arole Vidya , Shaker Nada , Kim Leslie R. , Iwenofu O. Hans
Published: September 2022

Solitary circumscribed neuroma formerly known as palisaded encapsulated neuroma is a rare, benign neural tumor that usually presents as a painless firm nodule or papule on the face and within oral cavity, although they can occur elsewhere on the body. No association with neurofibromatosis has been reported in the literature. Herein, we report, a previously unreported unique association of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF-2) with multiple cutaneous solitary circumscribed neuromas in a 24-year-old female. A 24-year-old female with history of NF-2 presented with two slow-growing soft-to-firm papules on the chin and forehead that had been gradually increasing in size over a period of 5 years. The papule on the chin was increasingly tender to palpation. Histologic sections demonstrated a dermal based almost encapsulated, smoothly contoured tumefactive mass composed of spindle cell proliferation with neuroid structures and foci of palisaded growth (resembling schwannoma) and intralesional cleft like spaces. By immunohistochemistry, the lesional cells were strongly and diffusely positive for S-100 and SOX10 with multifocal neurofilament expression while the “capsule” was diffusely reactive for epithelial membrane antigen. The overall features were considered prototypic for solitary circumscribed neuroma. The patient is 18-months post-surgical resection with no evidence of recurrence. In summary, we report for the first time a case of multiple solitary circumscribed neuromas in a patient with known NF2. We highlight pertinent diagnostic clues relevant to surgical pathologist to facilitate recognition (as this tumor is often mistaken for schwannoma or neurofibroma). The clinical behavior is excellent and surgical resection is considered curative.
The Effect of Cross-Cultural Dimensions on the Manifestation of Customer Engagement Behaviors
Authors: Connell Cara , Marciniak Ruth , Carey Lindsey Drylie
Published: September 2022

Today's technology-enabled customer with instant access to a global marketplace has led to firms facing intense competition from around the world. As a result, customer engagement has emerged as an important marketing strategy and for more than a decade has fueled intense attention from academe and professionals. However, despite this focus, there is a paucity of research considering customer engagement in a cross-cultural context. This exploratory study provides empirical clarification as to whether culture at a national level impacts the manifestation of specific customer engagement behaviors exhibited by customers engaged with a brand. A conceptualization of customer engagement behaviors according to Hofstede's six dimensions of culture is presented, and a netnographic study focusing on an online brand community reveals that while national culture exerts no impact on the behaviors of engaged customers, the culture associated with a brand does. These findings serve as a foundation for future academic inquiry and present the opportunity for managers to foster and nurture a brand culture that encourages customer engagement.
The Assessment of the Impact of Training With Various Metacognitive Interventions on the Enhancement of Verbal Fluency in School-Age Children With ADHD
Authors: Kajka Natalia , Kulik Agnieszka
Published: September 2022

Objective:

The aim of this study was to examine whether a 3-month training with the use of the metacognitive strategies would strengthen the executive function related to verbal fluency in children with ADHD.

Method:

A total of 45 children with ADHD ( M = 10.41; SD = 1.42) participated in a randomized experimental study. They completed the Verbal Fluency Test before and after training.

Result:

The results of the Wilcoxon test show that the mean number of words spoken by the child increased significantly in the second measurement compared to the first in the Mind Map group ( M = 11.40; SD = 4.03; M = 14.46; SD = 3.99; p = .001). Unfortunately, this data did not apply to the Sketchnoting Group. Verbal regression was noted in the Control Group.

Conclusion:

The results provide an interesting premise for further research. Perhaps Mind Mapping training can be an effective form of complementary therapy.
Agreement between parent-proxy and child self-report in pediatric hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Authors: Wang You , Clemens Julia L , Muriello Michael , Mu Weiyi , Smith Christy H , Tran Phuong T , Rowe Peter C , Francomano Clair , Kline Antonie D , Bodurtha Joann
Published: September 2022

Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) is a common disorder in children and adolescents that negatively impacts health-related quality of life (HRQOL). It can include chronic pain, fatigue, autonomic dysfunction, and mood problems. The objective of this study was to examine levels of agreement between children and parents in the setting of hEDS and HRQOL. Individuals with hEDS, ages 10-20 years, and their parents were recruited to complete a series of surveys. Instruments included pediatric quality of life generic and multidimensional fatigue scales, Functional Disability Index, Pain-Frequency-Severity-Duration scale, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, and Herth Hope Index. Agreement on each measure was evaluated using statistical calculations. Thirty-six parent-child dyads completed the surveys. There were no significant differences between the means of parent and child scores. There was moderate to strong agreement on all survey scores. However, the proportion of dyads with disagreement was relatively high for each individual score. Eighteen dyads disagreed on at least half of the surveys. Body mass index centile and child perception of cognitive fatigue most strongly predicted disagreement in total HRQOL score. Proxy-reporters for children and adolescents with hEDS may agree with their child on average. However, due to significant frequency of clinically important disagreement, information from both children and their parents should be sought whenever possible.
Assessment on seismic performance of circular concrete-filled thin-walled steel tube columns
Authors: Wang Xuanding , Gao Pan , Liu Jiepeng , Zhao Qiaorong , Xu Huimin , Wei Wei , Wang Xian-Tie
Published: September 2022

Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) with circular section is a very efficient composite component bearing vertical loads, which takes advantage of the synergy of steel tube and concrete to fully develop the strengths of both materials. To promote the application of circular CFST columns in multi-story buildings or medium-span bridge piers with improved economic efficiency, circular CFSTs using thin-walled steel tubes were studied in this paper. 8 specimens were designed and tested to assess their seismic performance under constant axial compression and cyclic lateral loads. The key test parameters include axial compression ratio, diameter-to-thickness ratio of steel tube, as well as stiffening scheme. The effectiveness of two steel plate stiffeners (longitudinal stiffener, binding stiffener) at the potential plastic hinges of thin-walled circular CFST columns was verified and discussed. Although all specimens failed in a manner characterized by significant local buckling of steel tubes, they still performed a relatively ductile behavior with the ductility coefficients generally exceeding 4.0, and the ultimate drift ratios exceeding 1/40. The steel plate stiffeners did not achieve the expected enhancement in strength and ductility, due to the premature fracture in the steel tube which may be caused by the damage in the welding heat-affected zone. Based on the test results, a numerical model and a simplified hysteretic model were established to predict the seismic responses of the thin-walled circular CFST columns.
The roles of perceived privacy control, Internet privacy concerns and Internet skills in the direct and indirect Internet uses of older adults: Conceptual integration and empirical testing of a theoretical model
Authors: Bartol Jošt , Prevodnik Katja , Vehovar Vasja , Petrovčič Andraž
Published: September 2022

Internet privacy has been proposed as a new dimension of the digital divide. Although Internet privacy relates to all segments of the population, older Internet users are particularly vulnerable because they generally have lower Internet skills. Coupled with their high level of privacy concerns, this can dissuade them from fully engaging in a variety of Internet uses. As older adults overcome their limited Internet skills by asking others to perform online activities on their behalf, a practice known as use-by-proxy, it is likely that this is also a strategy for dealing with Internet privacy concerns. Therefore, we examine how Internet skills, along with Internet privacy concerns and perceived privacy control, influence their Internet uses and use-by-proxy. To this end, we develop an integrative conceptual model and test it with structural equation modelling using data collected in November 2021 from a nationwide sample of 460 Internet users aged 65+ in Slovenia.
An integrated underwater structural multi-defects automatic identification and quantification framework for hydraulic tunnel via machine vision and deep learning
Authors: Li Yangtao , Bao Tengfei , Huang Xianjun , Wang Ruijie , Shu Xiaosong , Xu Bo , Tu Jiuzhou , Zhou Yuhang , Zhang Kang
Published: September 2022

Underwater structural defects in hydraulic tunnels are highly concealed and difficult to be identified by conventional manual methods. Remotely operated vehicle combined with visible light cameras can provide a noncontact and high spatial resolution damage detection solution. However, manually extracting useful structural damage-related information from massive data is time-consuming and involves high labor cost. This article proposes an integrated pixel-level underwater structural multi-defects instance segmentation and quantification framework for hydraulic tunnels via machine vision and deep learning. Firstly, a tunnel lining underwater structural multi-defects video dataset is developed. Next, an improved You Only Look At CoefficienTs for Edge devices is used to build the detector by exploiting temporal redundancy in videos. Three backbone detectors are used to trade off the balance between detection accuracy and efficiency, and a cross-domain transfer learning strategy is introduced to reduce model training costs and data dependencies. Various complicated tunnel underwater inspection scenarios, including uneven illumination, tilt shooting, high brightness, and motion blur scenarios, are used to evaluate model generalization capability. Experimental results show that ResNet50-based YolactEdge can well trade off the balance between accuracy and speed, which achieves 92.47 bbox mAP, 92.15 mask mAP, and 39.27 FPS in the testing set. A quantification evaluation method is proposed to quantify the detection results and extract the geometric features of structural defects based on digital image processing techniques. The proposed method can accurately identify the number, size, and area of tunnel underwater structural defects, providing data support for subsequent reinforcement.
Impact behaviors and damage mechanisms of 2.5D woven composites: Experiment and simulation
Authors: Dong Fang , Yuan Qiong , Liu Jingyan , Qian Kun , Sun Jin , Zhang Diantang
Published: September 2022

2.5D structures have received attention because of their excellent interlaminar mechanical properties. However, there is a lack of research on impact progressive damage, damage mechanisms and internal damage morphology. This paper investigated the low-velocity impact behavior and damage mechanisms of 2.5D woven carbon/epoxy composites through a couple of numerical-experimental approach. Two different impact energy levels, 15 J/mm and 20 J/mm, were designed for all the samples using drop weight impact equipment. Then Micro-CT was employed to identify the impact damage volumes and damage distribution of 2.5D woven composites. A novel whole-local finite element model was proposed based on the tests results and Micro-CT images. The experimental results indicated that the impact energy has a significant effect on the damage modes of 2.5D woven composite. Moreover, the numerically predicted mechanical curves and damage modes exhibit good consistency with the experimental results. Importantly, the numerical simulation results showed that the damage mode of 2.5D woven composites under impact energies of 15 J/mm was mainly controlled by yarn-matrix debonding. With the increase of impact energy per unit thickness, the dominated failure mode of 2.5D woven carbon/epoxy composites changes from yarn-matrix debonding to delamination and eventually to yarn breakage.
Effect of Leg Half-Squat Training With Blood Flow Restriction Under Different External Loads on Strength and Vertical Jumping Performance in Well-Trained Volleyball Players
Authors: Wang Jiaoqin , Fu Honghao , QiangZhang  , Zhang Ming , Fan Yongzhao
Published: September 2022

Purpose

To examine the effect of blood flow restriction resistance training under different external loads on the muscle strength and vertical jumping performance in volleyball players.

Methods

18 well-trained collegiate male volleyball players were randomly divided into 3 groups: high-load resistance training group (HL-RT, 70% 1RM, n = 6), low-load blood flow restriction resistance training group (LL-BFR-RT, 30% 1RM, 50% arterial occlusion, n = 6), and high-load blood flow restriction resistance training group (HL-BFR-RT, 70% 1RM, 50% arterial occlusion, n = 6). Participants performed leg half-squat exercise 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Measurements of Isokinetic peak torque of knee extension and flexion, 1RM leg half-squat, squat jump, and 3 footed take-off were obtained before and after training. A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine differences among the 3 groups and between the 2 testing time (pre-test vs post-test).

Results

(1) The HL-RT group was significantly greater in muscle strength than that in the LL-BFR-RT group ( P < .05), but no improvement in vertical jumping performance ( P >.05). (2) Improvement in muscle strength and vertical jumping performance was significantly greater in the HL-BFR-RT group than that in the LL-BFR-RT group ( P <.05). (3) The HL-BFR-RT group had greater but not significant improvement in muscle strength and vertical jumping performance than that in the HL-RT group.

Conclusions

Although increases in muscle strength were observed between training groups, HL-BFR-RT increased not only muscle strength but vertical jumping performance to a greater extent compared to LL-BFR-RT and HL-RT.
Ethnographic Imagination as an Interpretative Approach to the World of Infants and Children with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Qian Linliang
Published: September 2022

Reflections on children’s agency have become popular in anthropological and sociological studies of childhood. Scholars tended to treat children as independent and active social members, rather than individuals still undergoing maturity. To guarantee their right to information and participation, researchers have constantly refined their methods in hopes of involving children in research projects as much as possible and empowering their voices. Yet, because of our technological and cognitive restraints, these innovative efforts have not helped us comprehend the thoughts and experiences of infants and children with developmental disabilities. This article proposes ethnographic imagination as an alternative approach. Based on 11-month fieldwork in a Chinese orphanage, I suggest that we could utilize the clues drawn from our participatory research and caregivers’ experiences to untangle children’s ‘messy’ behaviors in an ethnographically imaginative way. Rooted in specific contexts and reliant on the collective experience of stakeholders, while also connecting broader perceptions of everyday life and the sociocultural insights of participatory observation, this interpretative approach may provide observers with a justifiable explanation to the world of nonverbal and minimally verbal children.
Are you lookin’ at me? A mixed-methods case study to investigate the influence of coaches’ presence on performance testing outcomes in male academy rugby league players
Authors: Richardson Ben , Dobbin Nick , White Christopher , Bloyce Daniel , Twist Craig
Published: September 2022

The study used a mixed-methods approach to examine how the presence of coaches influenced male academy rugby league players’ performance during physical performance testing. Fifteen male rugby players completed two trials of 20 m sprint, countermovement jump and prone Yo-Yo test; one with only the sport scientist present and a second where the sport scientist conducted the battery with both the club's lead strength and conditioning coach, academy manager, and the first team assistant and head coach present. Players and coaches then completed one-to-one semi-structured interviews to explore their beliefs, attitudes and opinions towards physical performance testing. In all tests, the players’ performance was better when the coaches were present compared to when tests were conducted by the sport scientist alone. Interviews revealed performance testing was used by coaches to exercise their power over players to socialise them into the desired culture. Players’ own power was evident through additional effort during testing when coaches were present. Practitioners should ensure consistency in the presence of significant observers during performance testing of male rugby players to minimise their influence on test outcome.
Streaming difference(s): Netflix and the branding of diversity
Authors: Asmar Axelle , Raats Tim , Van Audenhove Leo
Published: September 2022

Since 2020, Netflix has emphasised the diversity of representation the platform provides through its content. Following the publication of its diversity report, the streamer positions itself as a driver of inclusion for underrepresented communities in film and television industries. This article examines how Netflix rhetorically frames the emphasis on diversity in its corporate communication. Based on a thematic analysis of Netflix’s press releases, it explores how Netflix uses its branding of diversity to generate a transnational appeal. The article outlines four strategies which highlight the cultural and industrial practices deployed by the streamer to gain competitive advantages.
Daphnetin Mitigates Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis in Mice by Regulating Nrf2/HO-1 and TLR4/NF-kB Signaling
Authors: Tian Bo , Ma Xin , Jiang Rui
Published: September 2022

Background

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory disorder of nasal mucosa resulting from allergen exposure. Daphnetin (DAP) is a coumarin derivative that has various bioactivities. Nevertheless, its specific function in AR is unclear.

Objectives

This study is aimed to explore the specific function of DAP in AR.

Methods

An AR murine model was established by ovalbumin (OVA) induction. Murine sneezing and rubbing behaviors were observed. Hematoxylin-eosin was used for histopathological observation of nasal mucosa. ELISA was utilized for detection of cytokine production in murine serum. Oxidative stress-associated markers were assessed by commercial assay kits. Western blotting was utilized for evaluating protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in nasal mucosa.

Results

DAP alleviated OVA-induced nasal symptoms, inflammatory response and oxidative stress in the AR murine model. DAP activated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) signaling and inactivated TLR4/NF-κB signaling in murine nasal mucosa.

Conclusion

DAP mitigates OVA-induced AR in mice by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and inactivating TLR4/NF-κB signaling.
Predicting Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes Following Major Scoliosis Surgery in Adolescents: A Latent Class Growth Analysis
Authors: Kerr Jack , Abraham Edward , Vandewint Amanda , Bigney Erin , Hebert Jeffrey , Richardson Eden , El-Mughayyar Dana , Chorney Jill , El-Hawary Ron , PORSCHE Study Group  , McPhee Rory , Manson Neil
Published: September 2022

Study Design

Prospective cohort study.

Objectives

To identify patient trajectories of recovery defined by change in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) following surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). To explore possible predictors of trajectory membership.

Methods

Adolescent patients scheduled to undergo spinal fusion for AIS were enrolled in the Post-Operative Recovery following Spinal Correction: Home Experience (PORSCHE) study. Responses to the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory–version 4 (PedsQL–4.0) were collected prior to surgery and 4 to 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively. Latent class growth analyses identified patient subgroups based on their unique trajectories of physical health (PH) and psychosocial health (PSH) outcomes using the PedsQL–4.0 subscale scores. Predictors included demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors.

Results

Data from up to 190 patients were included (87.4% female; mean±SD age = 14.6 ± 1.9 years). Three trajectory subgroups were identified for PH and 4 trajectories were found for PSH, with a majority of patients scoring within the established range of healthy adolescents 12 months post-surgery. Increased child and parent pain catastrophizing, child trait anxiety and previous hospitalizations were associated with poorer PH outcomes, whereas increased child and parent pain catastrophizing, child state and trait anxiety, and parent state and trait anxiety were associated with poorer PSH trajectories.

Conclusions

The PH and PSH trajectories identified in this study and the factors associated with their membership may inform surgical decision-making for AIS while facilitating patient and family counselling regarding peri-operative recovery and expectations.
Conceptions of Educational Equity
Authors: Levinson Meira , Geron Tatiana , Brighouse Harry
Published: September 2022

“Educational equity” is universally lauded but equally ill-defined. At least five contrasting meanings of equity are in current use: equal distributions of outcomes across populations; equal outcomes for every child; equal resource allocations across students, schools, districts, states, or nations; equal experiences for each child; and equal levels of growth by each child. Furthermore, these conceptions are themselves often subsumed to concerns for benefiting the less advantaged, ensuring educational adequacy, or prioritizing short-term benefits versus long-term structural change. Researchers, educators, and policy makers alike will benefit from understanding these distinctions and trade-offs, not least in order to reimagine and restructure the unjust conditions that make some of those trade-offs unavoidable in the first place.
Margin Sampling and Survival Outcomes in Oral Cavity and p16‐Positive Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: MacKay Colin , Turner Brooke , Bullock Martin , Taylor S. Mark , Trites Jonathan , Corsten Martin , Geldenhuys Laurette , Rigby Matthew H.
Published: September 2022

Objective

To compare the association of margin sampling technique on survival outcomes in surgically treated cT1‐2 oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Study Design

A prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Setting

Tertiary care academic teaching hospital in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Methods

All cases of surgically treated cT1‐2 oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer undergoing specimen‐oriented margin analysis between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2018 were analyzed. The specimen‐oriented cohort was compared with a cohort of patients from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2014, where a defect‐oriented margin sampling protocol was used. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were used to estimate 2‐year overall survival, disease‐specific survival, local control, and recurrence‐free survival rates in oral cavity and p16‐positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the effect of margin sampling method on disease‐specific survival and local control.

Results

There was no significant association between margin sampling technique and 2‐year survival outcomes for surgically treated cT1‐2 oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, the hazard ratio (HR) of specimen‐oriented sampling was not significantly different for disease‐specific survival (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.3032‐5.727; P =. 713) or local control (HR, 0.4087; 95% CI, 0.0795‐2.099; P =. 284).

Conclusion

Intraoperative margin sampling method was not associated with a significant change in 2‐year survival outcomes. Despite no effect on survival outcomes, implementation of a specimen‐oriented sampling method has potential for cost avoidance by decreasing the number of re‐resections for positive or close margins.
Indigenous companion planting in the great churn: Three sisters in Kalapuya ilihi
Authors: Klopotek Brian , Claybrook Talon , Scott Joe
Published: September 2022

This article addresses place, culture, community, and mobility in relation to Indigenous food sovereignty and TEK (traditional ecological knowledge). We start with a reflection on what it means to live in the Pacific Northwest of the United States for people from tribes that use Three Sisters agriculture. Two of the authors grew corn, beans, and squash using wintertime, indoor hydroponics and other methods in a performance art mode in Kalapuya ilihi (Western Oregon, USA). Growing these sacred companion plants out of soil, out of sun, out of season, and out of place served as a meditation on our own senses of dislocation and disjuncture as well as modes of connection as Southeastern Natives living in the Pacific Northwest. The politics and practice of growing and/or tending traditional Indigenous food plants in both traditional and non-traditional ways and places provided new language for understanding Indigenous cultural and social health in relation to Indigenous traditions, mobility, and relationality. The three authors (two from Southeastern tribes, one from a Northwestern tribe) provide a model for collaborative intercultural Indigenous ecological projects as a mode of learning, a mode of relational Indigenous mobility, a mode of community-building, and a mode of engaging in Indigenous food sovereignty. Working on community and educational projects together helped us understand companion planting as an analogy, an aesthetic, a method, and a mode for building relational futures.
A Causal Framework for Cross-Cultural Generalizability
Authors: Deffner Dominik , Rohrer Julia M. , McElreath Richard
Published: September 2022

Behavioral researchers increasingly recognize the need for more diverse samples that capture the breadth of human experience. Current attempts to establish generalizability across populations focus on threats to validity, constraints on generalization, and the accumulation of large, cross-cultural data sets. But for continued progress, we also require a framework that lets us determine which inferences can be drawn and how to make informative cross-cultural comparisons. We describe a generative causal-modeling framework and outline simple graphical criteria to derive analytic strategies and implied generalizations. Using both simulated and real data, we demonstrate how to project and compare estimates across populations and further show how to formally represent measurement equivalence or inequivalence across societies. We conclude with a discussion of how a formal framework for generalizability can assist researchers in designing more informative cross-cultural studies and thus provides a more solid foundation for cumulative and generalizable behavioral research.
In control, out of control or losing control? Making sense of men's reported experiences of coercive control through the lens of hegemonic masculinity
Authors: Walklate Sandra , Fitz-Gibbon Kate , Reeves Ellen , Meyer Silke , McGowan Jasmine
Published: September 2022

“I have never had a case that involved a female perpetrator of coercive control, and no such cases are documented in the literature” (Stark, 2007, p. 377). Stark's observation has become somewhat of a “truism” in the wider debate surrounding coercive control. Yet simultaneously coercive control is asserted as a gendered process, understandings of which appear to have elided and conflated victimhood and perpetration with femininity and masculinity. The purpose of this paper, based on empirical data, is to unpick some of these elisions and conflations and offer a more nuanced understanding of these debates using the lens of hegemonic masculinity. This paper is based on data derived from a national online survey conducted in Australia in 2021. The aim of this paper is to explore, and better understand male reported experiences of coercive control victimisation. The survey was completed by 1261 people, 206 (17%) of whom identified as men. These 206 responses are the focus of this paper. Representing one of the most comprehensive studies of men's self-reported experiences of coercive control, this survey data provides some insight into how male victim-survivors define and understand what they considered to be their experiences of coercive control. The findings provide an opportunity to offer a more nuanced appreciation of men's experiences of being in control, out of control or losing control.
Novel antimyeloma therapeutic option with inhibition of the HDAC1-IRF4 axis and PIM kinase
Authors: Harada Takeshi , Ohguchi Hiroto , Oda Asuka , Nakao Michiyasu , Teramachi Jumpei , Hiasa Masahiro , Sumitani Ryohei , Oura Masahiro , Sogabe Kimiko , Maruhashi Tomoko , Takahashi Mamiko , Fujii Shiro , Nakamura Shingen , Miki Hirokazu , Kagawa Kumiko , Ozaki Shuji , Sano Shigeki , Hideshima Teru , Abe Masahiro
Published: September 2022

Multiple myeloma (MM) preferentially expands and acquires drug resistance in the bone marrow (BM). We herein examined the role of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) in the constitutive activation of the master transcription factor IRF4 and the prosurvival mediator PIM2 kinase in MM cells. The knockdown or inhibition of HDAC1 by the class I HDAC inhibitor MS-275 reduced the basal expression of IRF4 and PIM2 in MM cells. Mechanistically, the inhibition of HDAC1 decreased IRF4 transcription through histone hyperacetylation and inhibiting the recruitment of RNA polymerase II at the IRF4 locus, thereby reducing IRF4-targeting genes, including PIM2. In addition to the transcriptional regulation of PIM2 by the HDAC1-IRF4 axis, PIM2 was markedly upregulated by external stimuli from BM stromal cells and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Upregulated PIM2 contributed to the attenuation of the cytotoxic effects of MS-275. Class I HDAC and PIM kinase inhibitors cooperatively suppressed MM cell growth in the presence of IL-6 and in vivo. Therefore, the present results demonstrate the potential of the simultaneous targeting of the intrinsic HDAC1-IRF4 axis plus externally activated PIM2 as an efficient therapeutic option for MM fostered in the BM.
Identification of crucial lncRNAs and mRNAs in liver regeneration after portal vein ligation through weighted gene correlation network analysis
Authors: Zhu Yan , Li Zhishuai , Zhang Jixiang , Liu Mingqi , Jiang Xiaoqing , Li Bin
Published: September 2022

Background

Portal vein ligation (PVL)-induced liver hypertrophy increases future liver remnant (FLR) volume and improves resectability of large hepatic carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanism by which PVL facilitates liver hypertrophy remains poorly understood.

Methods

To gain mechanistic insight, we established a rat PVL model and carried out a comprehensive transcriptome analyses of hepatic lobes preserving portal blood supply at 0, 1, 7, and 14-day after PVL. The differentially expressed (DE) long-non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs were applied to conduct weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). LncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed in the most significant module. The modules and genes associated with PVL-induced liver hypertrophy were assessed through quantitative real-time PCR.

Results

A total of 4213 DElncRNAs and 6809 DEmRNAs probesets, identified by transcriptome analyses, were used to carry out WGCNA, by which 10 modules were generated. The largest and most significant module (marked in black_M6) was selected for further analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of the module exhibited several key biological processes associated with liver regeneration such as complement activation, IL-6 production, Wnt signaling pathway, autophagy, etc. Sixteen mRNAs (Notch1, Grb2, IL-4, Cops4, Stxbp1, Khdrbs2, Hdac2, Gnb3, Gng10, Tlr2, Sod1, Gosr2, Rbbp5, Map3k3, Golga2, and Rev3l) and ten lncRNAs (BC092620, AB190508, EF076772, BC088302, BC158675, BC100646, BC089934, L20987, BC091187, and M23890) were identified as hub genes in accordance with gene significance value, module membership value, protein–protein interaction (PPI) and lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network. Furthermore, the overexpression of 3 mRNAs (Notch1, Grb2 and IL-4) and 4 lncRNAs (BC089934, EF076772, BC092620, and BC088302) was validated in hypertrophic liver lobe tissues from PVL rats and patients undergoing hepatectomy after portal vein embolization (PVE).

Conclusions

Microarray and WGCNA analysis revealed that the 3 mRNAs (Notch1, Grb2 and IL-4) and the 4 lncRNAs (BC089934, EF076772, BC092620 and BC088302) may be promising targets for accelerating liver regeneration before extensive hepatectomy.
Incidental finding of elevated pulmonary arterial pressures during liver transplantation and postoperative pulmonary complications
Authors: Joosten Alexandre , Carrier François Martin , Menioui Aïmane , Van der Linden Philippe , Alexander Brenton , Coilly Audrey , Golse Nicolas , Allard Marc-Antoine , Lucidi Valerio , Azoulay Daniel , Naili Salima , Toubal Leila , Moussa Maya , Karam Lydia , Pham Hung , Laukaityte Edita , Amara Youcef , Lanteri-Minet Marc , Samuel Didier , Sitbon Olivier , Humbert Marc , Savale Laurent , Duranteau Jacques
Published: September 2022

Background

In patients with end stage liver disease (ESLD) scheduled for liver transplantation (LT), an intraoperative incidental finding of elevated mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) may be observed. Its association with patient outcome has not been evaluated. We aimed to estimate the effects of an incidental finding of a mPAP > 20 mmHg during LT on the incidence of pulmonary complications.

Methods

We examined all patients who underwent a LT at Paul-Brousse hospital between January 1,2015 and December 31,2020. Those who received: a LT due to acute liver failure, a combined transplantation, or a retransplantation were excluded, as well as patients for whom known porto-pulmonary hypertension was treated before the LT or patients who underwent a LT for other etiologies than ESLD. Using right sided pulmonary artery catheterization measurements made following anesthesia induction, the study cohort was divided into two groups using a mPAP cutoff of 20 mmHg. The primary outcome was a composite of pulmonary complications. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify variables associated with the primary outcome. Sensitivity analyses of multivariable models were also conducted with other mPAP cutoffs (mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg and ≥ 35 mmHg) and even with mPAP as a continuous variable.

Results

Of 942 patients who underwent a LT, 659 met our inclusion criteria. Among them, 446 patients (67.7%) presented with an elevated mPAP (mPAP of 26.4 ± 5.9 mmHg). When adjusted for confounding factors, an elevated mPAP was not associated with a higher risk of pulmonary complications (adjusted OR: 1.16; 95%CI 0.8–1.7), nor with 90 days-mortality or any other complications. In our sensitivity analyses, we observed a lower prevalence of elevated mPAP when increasing thresholds (235 patients (35.7%) had an elevated mPAP when defined as ≥ 25 mmHg and 41 patients (6.2%) had an elevated mPAP when defined as ≥ 35 mmHg). We did not observe consistent association between a mPAP ≥ 25 mmHg or a mPAP ≥ 35 mmHg and our outcomes.

Conclusion

Incidental finding of elevated mPAP was highly prevalent during LT, but it was not associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications.
PIK3CA mutation status, progression and survival in advanced HR + /HER2- breast cancer: a meta-analysis of published clinical trials
Authors: Fillbrunn Mirko , Signorovitch James , André Fabrice , Wang Iris , Lorenzo Ines , Ridolfi Antonia , Park Jinhee , Dua Akanksha , Rugo Hope S.
Published: September 2022

Background

Approximately 40% of hormone receptor positive/human epidermal receptor 2 negative (HR + /HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (mBC) patients harbor phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutations. However, associations between PIK3CA mutation status and clinical outcomes among patients with HR + /HER2- mBC have been heterogeneous across clinical trials. This meta-analysis was conducted to survey recently available trial data to assess the prognostic effects of PIK3CA among patients with HR + /HER2- mBC. 

Methods

Randomized clinical trials reporting progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) stratified by PIK3CA status in HR + /HER2- mBC were identified via systematic literature review. Trial arms receiving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-targeted therapies were excluded. Meta-regression analysis was used to estimate the association between PIK3CA status and PFS and OS among included studies.

Results

The analyzed data included 3,219 patients from 33 study arms across 11 trials (PIK3CA mutated: 1,386, wild type: 1,833). PIK3CA mutation was associated with shorter median PFS (difference [95% CI] (months): -1.8 [-3.4, -0.1], I2 = 35%) and shorter median OS (-8.4 [-13.4, -3.5], I2 = 58%, N = 1,545). Findings were similar for PFS rates at 6 months (odds ratio [95% CI]: 0.74 [0.59, 0.94], I2 = 42%, N = 3,160) and 12 months (0.76 [0.59, 0.99], I2 = 42%, N = 2,468) and directionally consistent but not statistically significant at 18 months (N = 1,726).

Conclusions

Pooling evidence across multiple studies, PIK3CA mutation was associated with shorter PFS and OS. These findings suggest a negative prognostic value of PIK3CA mutations in patients with HR + /HER2- mBC.