bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Camarón de río munchilla (Macrobrachium carcinus) en cautiverio en la Estación Ambiental de Sangaral Playa del Medio, Guapi
Authors: Grueso Moreno Gil Milena
Published: December 2021

El camarón munchilla ( Macrobrachium carcinus), es una especie acuática de la familia de los crustáceos de gran importancia económica en la costa pacífica. Esta investigación tuvo como finalidad, evaluar dos dietas con productos de la zona para monitorear su ganancia de peso, además conocer otros aspectos como el comportamiento de la especie en cautiverio y aspectos reproductivos, porque un gran número de familias dependen económicamente de esta actividad en el Pacífico caucano. En la investigación participó la comunidad, se sembraron las especies en estanques divididos en dos con las mismas condiciones fisicoquímicas. Finalmente se constató que la ganancia de peso fue mayor en la dieta constituida afrecho de maíz, de coco y comején; los individuos presentaron alto grado de agresividad; las hembras que se encontraban en reproducción eran más susceptibles a ser agredidas; los animales soportan condiciones adversas de temperatura, pero no son tolerantes a aguas turbias, se encuentran en aguas dulces y salobres; el alimento concentrado comercial no es apetecido por ellos y sus principales enemigos son la tortuga tapacula (Kinosterno dunni) y la cangrejo de quebradas.
Estado de conservación del complejo cenagoso La Larga a partir del análisis ecológico de la avifauna, enfatizando en especies endémicas, migratorias, amenazadas y susceptibles al tráfico
Authors: Bonilla-Urrutia Nelsy Sofía
Published: December 2021

Se presenta la caracterización de la avifauna observada en los diferentes estratos del complejo cenagoso La Larga, como el espejo de agua, vegetación sumergida y bosque circundante, para lo cual se realizaron muestreos diarios (mañana y tarde), aplicando una evaluación rápida mediante observaciones directas, además de entrevistas informales a cazadores. Se registraron 40 especies de aves pertenecientes a 22 familias y 15 órdenes. Las familias más representativas fueron Accipitridae y Ardeidae. La mayor ocurrencia de individuos (aves acuáticas y semiacuáticas) se registró en la vegetación sumergida. El chamón (Crotophaga major), fue la especie más abundante del complejo. Se identificaron 5 gremios tróficos, siendo los carnívoros con 33% los más representativos; estos actúan como indicadores del buen estado trófico del ambiente. Se identificó una especie amenazada y dos con susceptibilidad al tráfico, además de cuatro especies casi endémicas y cuatro migratorias. Estas le confieren al ecosistema gran relevancia, convirtiéndolo en una importante área de conservación.
Editorial
Authors: Klinger Brahan William
Published: December 2021

Ha sido y continuará siendo un anhelo para la comunidad en general y un reto muy importante para la comunidad académica la búsqueda constante de información y conocimiento para decidir sobre la mejor manera de aprovechar los recursos naturales ofertados por el ambiente, como una estrategia que permita no solo continuar gozando de los bienes provenientes de ellos, sino también de los servicios que proporcionan, al tiempo que se contribuya a disminuir la presión y los impactos negativos producidos por el aprovechamiento inadecuado de la biodiversidad. De ahí que desde la institucionalidad se intente siempre aportar a la base de conocimiento en esta materia, para lograr el progreso colectivo de las comunidades asentadas en el territorio.
صحتِ روایتِ ابن لہیعہ بطریق عبادلہ اور امام أبو حاتم كا منہج ایك تنقیدی جائزہ
Authors: Imran Muhammad , Abdul Wahid Abdul Qadir
Published: December 2021

Hadith is a primary source of Islamic teachings only next to Quran therefore Muslim scholarship has taken scrutiny of the veracity of Hadith along with its reference sources as vital. Important. They have taken up the critical inquiry of authenticity of Hadith minutely in their scholarly dissertations on the narrators of Hadith to the extent that the scholars have written books after books on the narrators of Hadith. Likewise Abd Allah b. Laeeaa’s reported hadith have been scrutinized by various scholars like Abdul Ghani b. Saeed who is often cited to have said about Laeeaa that if the three famed Abadila have reported from him then his narrations are authentic. Likewise when Imam Abdur Rahman b. Abi Hatim asked about the said narrations from his father, Abu Hatim, he rejected them altogether despite the fact that they were reported by the three Abadila. In this article, Imam Abu Hatim’s viewpoint shall be investigated as to whether any other leading hadith scholar agreed with him or it was his peculiar stance. It shall also be focussed as to on what grounds Imam Abu Hatim considers these narrations as unauthentic or weak in tradition.
The Influence of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance Through Work Climate and Organizational Commitment
Authors: Piedade Salustiano Dos Reis
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of transformational leadership on employee performance with work climate and organizational commitment as mediating variables. The research is conducted in the Ministry of Education of Timor-Leste. The population of this study was 765 employees in the Ministry of Education. The hypothesis testing is conducted using Smart-PLS 3.0. The results showed that transformational leadership had no effect on employee performance. The results showed that the work climate and organizational commitment play a full role in mediating the effect of transformational leadership on employee performance. This research is based on the inconsistency result of the previous studies on the effect of transformational leadership on employee performance. The inconsistency of the results of previous studies is a gap in this study. This research will integrate the work climate and organizational commitment as a mediating role in the influence of transformational leadership on employee performance.
The Mediation Effect of Lay Participation on the Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Pastoral Effectiveness: Evidence from Saint Antonio Parish, Motael, Dili
Authors: Da Silva Guilhemino , Piedade Salustiano S , Saldanha Estanislau De Sousa
Published: December 2021

Pastoral effectiveness is an important factor in the success of pastoral activities in Catholic organizations, particularly at the parish level. Pastoral effectiveness can be influenced by transformational leadership and by lay participation. The aims of this research are (1) to examine and analyse the influence of transformational leadership and lay participation on pastoral effectiveness in Saint Antonio Parish, Motael, Dili, (2) examine the influence of transformational leadership on lay participation; and (3) to examine how lay participation mediates the relations between transformational leadership and pastoral effectiveness in this same parish. This research used questionnaires to collect data, with a total of 378 samples, and SMART-PLS 3.1 was used to analyze the data. The results of the research show that transformational leadership and lay participation indeed have a significant and positive influence on pastoral effectiveness. Transformational leadership also has significant impact on lay participation, while lay participation plays a significant role on the relationship between transformational leadership and pastoral effectiveness. This research could enrich the inferential studies on transformational leadership, lay participation and pastoral effectiveness in Catholic Church context which is still lacking. It also contributes to the improvement of pastoral effectiveness, especially within Saint Antonio Parish, Motael, Dili, and in the archdiocese of Dili in general by adopting transformational leadership and lay participation.
Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Parkinson Disease and Essential Tremor
Authors: Peprah Kwakye , Horton Jennifer
Published: December 2021

Horizon Scan reports provide brief summaries of information regarding new and emerging health technologies; Heath Technology Update articles typically focus on a single device or intervention.

These technologies are identified through the CADTH Horizon Scanning Service as topics of potential interest to health care decision-makers in Canada.

This Horizon Scan summarizes the available information regarding an emerging technology, Percept PC Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) system with BrainSense technology, for the treatment of Parkinson disease and essential tremors.
THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC BETWEEN THE PARLIAMENTARY AND SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
Authors: GOLIĆ DARKO
Published: December 2021

The position and role of the head of state are crucial for determining whether a system of government can be determined as a parliamentary or semi-presidential one. In the five states of the former Yugoslavia, the established systems of government, although in principle parliamentary, contain a mixture of elements of these two systems. In addition to direct election, which is common to all these five states, proximity to one or the other system is determined by the scope and content of the powers of the head of state, and his position in relation to parliament and government. In that respect, analyzed systems postion themselfs in different places between those two systems. However, constitutional solutions in countries that go beyond the parliamentary system, yet do not reach the semi-presidential system, do not always correspond to the real role of the head of state, which is especially contributed by his (non) party character, numerous political factors, and areas of shared competencies and powers.
PEACE EDUCATION: A DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR CREATING A CULTURE OF PEACE AND NONVIOLENCE
Authors: BJELAJAC ŽELJKO , FILIPOVIĆ ALEKSANDAR
Published: December 2021

From the beginning of the 21st century until today, the world has suffered some of the highest rates of violence, which has burdened a large number of countries and regions. Various conflicts around the planet have generated the suffering and displacement of millions of children and young people, often under catastrophic circumstances. The poorest countries are mostly exposed to aggression and lawlessness. While they are being ravaged by internal conflicts, other neighboring countries are largely suffering the destabilizing consequences of such divisions. Indirectly, it affects the lives, dignity and well-being of millions of people. Therefore, learning to live together, with empathy for others, is becoming increasingly important in today's divided and in many ways contradictory world. Peace education is not an isolated program to prevent armed conflict and repression, but a roadmap for saving lives, freeing up limited resources for social needs, and establishing structures and conditions that support the rule of law. Peace education is a preventive action and the key to creating a culture of peace. It is a line that directs us towards acquiring knowledge, constructive skills and abilities for better conflict resolution and management, and advocating for social justice in our communities.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF MODEL GROUP TO GROUP EXCHANGE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA POKOK BAHASAN SENYAWA HIDROKARBON
Authors: ANDRIYANI ANIK
Published: December 2021

This classroom action research generally aimed to improve the quality of learning for 11th grade students of SMAN 2 Jember in the 2018-2019 school year, and especially aimed to improve student learning results through cooperative learning with Group to Group Exchange model on the Hydrocarbon Compounds subject. This research is conducted in two cycles, which each cycle composed of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The results of affective value of students were taken from observation sheet, while data of student’s learning outcomes were taken from learning outcomes test. The results of this research showed that (l) The results of affective value of class XI MIPA 4 SMAN 2 Jember on the Hydrocarbon Compounds in cycle 2 experienced an increase, (2) The student learning outcomes of students in 11th grade (XI MIPA 4) SMAN 2 Jember on the Hydrocarbon Compounds increased if compared to the previous year after Group to Group Exchange model was applied.
ABSTRAKPenelitian tindakan kelas ini secara umum bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran siswa kelas XI SMAN 2 Jember tahun pelajaran 2018-2019, dan secara khusus untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan pembelajaran kooperatif model Group to Group Exchange pada pokok bahasan Senyawa Hidrokarbon. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, dimana masing-masing siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Data nilai afektif siswa digali dengan lembar observasi, sementara data nilai hasil belajar siswa diambil dari tes hasil belajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) hasil nilai afektif dari siswa kelas XI MIPA 4 pada pokok bahasan Senyawa Hidrokarbon pada siklus 2 mengalami peningkatan, (2) nilai hasil belajar siswa kelas XI MIPA 4 pada pokok bahasan Senyawa Hidrokarbon mengalami peningkatan dibanding tahun pelajaran sebelumnya setelah menggunakan pembelajaran kooperatif model Group to Group Exchange.
AS PENAS PREVISTAS NO CÓDIGO PENAL BRASILEIRO E A REINCIDÊNCIA CRIMINAL
Authors: Lima Heloíza dos Santos
Published: December 2021

Este estudo abordará as possibilidades de penas previstas no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro e as causas da reincidência criminal, e, a precariedade do sistema carcerário brasileiro. O objetivo central do referido trabalho é fazer uma análise minuciosa de como as políticas públicas são falhas, e com isso, contribui para o aumento da reincidência. Como forma de alcançar o objetivo, foi utilizado a metodologia dialética, na qual fará um paralelo comparativo entre as normas que compõe o ordenamento jurídico nacional e a realidade vivida pelos presos dentro das penitenciárias, ressaltando que esta vivência contribui para a reincidência. A técnica de pesquisa adotada neste trabalho é a pesquisa bibliográfica, onde se faz uso de doutrinas, legislações pátria, de jurisprudência e de reportagens, de modo a revelar os principais pontos do tema apresentado. Por fim, o início da análise do tema deu-se pelos índices da reincidência criminal e suas causas.
TERAPIA ASSISTIDA POR ANIMAIS: O ANIMAL COMO AUXÍLIO TERAPÊUTICO
Authors: Oliveira Gabriela Pena de , Pucci  Silvia Helena Modenesi
Published: December 2021

Há muitas medidas de promoção da saúde e a Terapia Assistida por Animais (TAA) é classificada como umas destas medidas. Desta forma, este trabalho aborda a perspectiva da utilização do animal como auxílio terapêutico através da TAA. O objetivo principal foi verificar como a Terapia Assistida por Animais auxilia o desenvolvimento das habilidades sociais na infância e adolescência. Como metodologia, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica com a utilização das bases de dados indexadas. Os resultados mostraram que a TAA apresenta-se como uma intervenção que facilita o processo de socialização das crianças e adolescentes, facilitando o estabelecimento da comunicação e a melhora das relações interpessoais. Portanto, a TAA se apresenta como uma intervenção terapêutica potencial, entretanto, mediante a limitação de trabalhos sobre o tema, se faz necessário mais estudos que evidenciem a relação da TAA com as habilidades sociais.
DETERMINACIÓN DE ELEMENTOS INCIDENTES EN LA FALTA DE COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA EN ESTUDIANTES DE 3°
Authors: Meza Bohórquez Arlet , Divas Pérez Ángel , Urzola Hernández Leidis
Published: December 2021

Resumen: El propósito de este trabajo investigativo gira en torno a un diagnóstico que permite concebir elementos que inciden en la falta de comprensión lectora de los estudiantes de tercer (3°) grado de la institución educativa Rural la Peñata de Sincelejo Sucre. Ahora bien, para poder llevar a cabo este propósito, se adopta un enfoque metodológico que privilegia elementos cuantitativos desde la parte de estadística descriptiva y analítica. Para ello, se implementaron instrumentos validados a los estudiantes de tercer grado, específicamente a una muestra no probabilística intencionada (7 estudiantes) apuntando a la parte de comprensión lectora donde se determinaron en los estudiantes aspectos como velocidad, calidad y comprensión lectora; y el segundo desde las incidencias parentales que inciden en los procesos lectores. Estos resultados constatados permiten acercarse no solo a los aspectos que relacionan la falta de comprensión lectora, sino que además sirve como punto de referencia para poder establecer una propuesta de intervención pedagógica.
Pengaruh Free Cash Flow, Return On Asset, Debt To Equity Ratio, Dan Economic Value Added Terhadap Return Saham
Authors: Nur Andriati Hastutie , Sherina Baguna
Published: December 2021

The research aims to examine and empirically analyze the presence of information content of Free Cash Flow, Return On Assets, Debt to Equity Ratio and economic value added on stock returns in the study of LQ45 companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2019. This study uses a quantitative approach with a population the research is the companies that are included in the LQ45 Index on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015, 2016, 2017 2018, and 2019. Financial report data is obtained through access to www.idx.co.id. The number of samples used in this study were 45 samples. The analytical technique used in this study is multiple regression in order to obtain a comprehensive picture of the relationship between one variable and another. This study uses of 5%. Based on the results of this study Free Cash Flow, Return On Assets, Debt to Equity Ratio and Economic Value added partially and simultaneously have no significant effect on stock returns with a significance value of 0.697, 0.744, 0.216 and 0.242, respectively, no significant effect on stock returns.
Taking a deep breath
Authors: Zacharias Carlos Renato
Published: December 2021

While 2012 is going away, IJHDR prepares the celebration of its 5th anniversary! This is thus a time for reflection, to ponder on the good and bad experiences, to (re)think the next steps to improve our service to readers, authors and the scientific community at large. Along these hard, but rewarding first five years, IJHDR reached many readers and was supported by many authors all over the world, it achieved recognition by important scientific databases and societies. This success is the result of the joint work of the Editorial Board members and with GIRI, our hosting scientific society.

IJHDR provided the homeopathic community an open, free, multimedia and electronic venue to share high-quality information. Focused on research articles, and open to the entire field of High Dilution research, including homeopathy and hormesis, IJHDR came to occupy a special place within the scientific map. Nevertheless, the goals achieved are not enough, but further improvement is needed for IJHDR keep on growing. Our aim for the next years is to maintain the original editorial vision and mission, while increasing even more the quality of publication.

IJHDR will start 2013 by revising its Board of Consultants. Five years ago, when IJHDR was an unknown journal that still had to prove its quality, friends, idealists, and invited experts kindly contributed with their expertise to make peer review a mandatory step in the evaluation of articles. However, not only IJHDR grew, but also the editorial work did! The time arrives to include new experts in our Board of Consultant,, not only to share in the work, but to have cover a broader scope of knowledge, as HD research is a cross-disciplinary and emergent field.

Also the structure of the articles will be revised. Improvement in the layout will be discussed to stimulate the use of multimedia resources like video and audio files, simulations, supplementary materials, links, and color images. Special attention will be paid to language revision and reference citation. Together with its authors and readers, IJHDR contributes to the development of a kind of knowledge close to the borders of science. Therefore, to establish a valid scientific background, the articles must be clearly written, and based on sound assumptions.

High-visibility for articles is a fundamental aspect desired by all authors. As an open and free access journal, IJHDR meets that condition, and we are planning to make our influence and visibility even wider. Inclusion in the major databases has paramount importance in the academic milieu, however, it should be considered as a consequence, rather than a goal. In 2013, IJHDR will chair a collaborative project with several research institutions aiming to deliver information everywhere, increasing the visibility of the published articles.

Thus, now it is the time to take a deep breath, relax, and prepare you for the forthcoming work! See you in 2013!
A Qualitative Systematic Review of the Homeopathic Outcome Studies in Patients with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Saha Subhranil , Mundle Malay , Ghosh Shubhamoy , Koley Munmun , Hossain Sk. Intaj
Published: December 2021

Background & Aim: Systematic reviews of high-quality randomized controlled trials are crucial to evidence-based medicine. The objective of this review is to test whether there is enough evidence of efficacy of homeopathy from conducted clinical trials in humans suffering from HIV/AIDS.

Methods: The study design was criteria-based systematic review of cumulative research and assessment of the methodological quality of only 5 published clinical trials and one review article. Among the clinical outcome studies, 3 studies were of open-label, non-randomized, non-controlled format, 2 were randomized controlled trials and one was a set of replication study. The qualities of the trials were evaluated using a list of validated and pre-defined criteria of good methodology, and the outcomes of the trials were interpreted in relation to their quality. Main outcome measures were methodological qualities in terms of consideration of threats to external, internal, construct and statistical conclusion validity.

Results: Trials were too few in number and were not of very high quality. The results showed a positive trend regardless of the quality of the trial or the variety of homeopathy used. The results of this review may be complicated by publication bias.

Conclusions: At this moment, the evidences are not sufficient to draw definitive conclusions. So, further evaluation of homeopathy by well-performed controlled trials of high methodological quality is required.
Measuring Physical access to primary health care facilities in Gambella Region (Western Ethiopia)
Authors: Fantozzi Pier Lorenzo , Baracca Giuseppe , Manenti Fabio , Putoto Giovanni
Published: December 2021

Abstract. As part of the project “More equity and quality of health services in Gambella, Gambella Region”, financed by the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS) and implemented by the Italian NGO Doctors with Africa CUAMM (Padua, Italy) a geographic database of the distribution of health facilities of Gambella Region (western Ethiopia) was created. This data collection was carried out in two missions carried out in February 2018 and November-December 2019. It allowed a mapping of the access roads and the location of health facilities using Geomatic Approaches and related technologies (Remote Survey, Field Survey, GPS, GIS). The field work has allowed the investigation in 11 Waredas (i.e. districts) with the census of 3 primary hospitals, 26 health centres and 121 HPs and related road access by car or, in case of inaccessibility of vehicles, by foot or boat.The final result of this work is the availability of a detailed cartographic picture of the geographical distribution of Health Facilities (HFs) in order to support the modern decision-making tools to be adopted for the distribution of human and instrumental resources. As an example we describe a network analysis performed by ESRI™ Network Analyst which showed the importance of this approach to remodel a more efficient referral system.
Estimation Of Salivary Superoxide Dismutase Level In Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Clinical And Biochemical Study
Authors: Akhlaq Humera , Ismail Muhammad Owais , Samad Muhammad Abdul
Published: December 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the salivary Superoxide dismutase (mU/L) level among stage one patients of Oral sub mucous fibrosis and healthy controls. Study Design and Setting: It was a comparative cross sectional study design conducted at Outpatient clinic of Dental Department at Ziauddin University Hospital from January 2012 till December 2013. Methodology: Eighty histo-pathologically confirmed patients of clinical stage one Oral Sub mucosal fibrosis (OSMF) and eighty healthy controls were matched for age and gender to recruit in the study. Socio demographic information (i.e. age, gender, ethnicity, education and occupation), oral health status, measurement of mouth opening (mm) and Superoxide dismutase (mU/L) were recorded. The study was conducted after the approval granted from the ethical review committee of Ziauddin University Hospital. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21 (IBM). Result: The standard mean (+/-SD) of Superoxide dismutase (mU/L) in both groups was 4.99 (+/-2.18). The mean of Superoxide dismutase (mU/L) in confirmed cases of oral sub mucosal fibrosis was 3.02 (+/-0.44) which was significantly lower as compared to the control group which was 6.96(+/-1.24) and the calculated p value was 0.001.The strong positive correlation was identified in mouth opening (mm) and superoxide dismutase (0.842). Conclusion: It was concluded that the levels of salivary superoxide dismutase was significantly lower in the sample of OSMF and lower levels of superoxide dismutase (mU/L) was the indication of decrease in mouth opening among the cases of OSMF. Therefore, salivary superoxide dismutase can be used as a biomarker for the early detection as well as successful treatment of OSMF
Colour Blindness Among Male Professional Drivers: A Cross-sectional Study In Karachi
Authors: Faiz Samira , Zehra Sehrish , Qureshi Farhan , Mumtaz Seema
Published: December 2021

Objective: To determine the frequency of color blindness among male professional drivers of Karachi- Pakistan and the difficulties they experience while driving. Study Design and Setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted aomng 300 male drivers with valid driving licenses operating on local and long routes in Karachi. Methodology: The study was done at various locations in the city of Karachi from September to November 2017. The subjects were tested for vision and color blindness with the help of Snellen’s chart and Ishihara chart respectively. A précised questionnaire was developed keeping in view the study objectives. SPSS version 21.0 was used for data entry and its analysis. Each questionnaire was thoroughly studied and seen for missing data or information before entry. A written informed consent about the study was provided to the subjects in the form of a plain language statement attached to the questionnaire. This study was approved by the ethical review board of Karachi Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS). Results: Amongst the 300 participants 7 (2.33 %) of the drivers were found to have complete color blindness while 2 (0.66%) were partially colour blind. They preferred day time driving and experience difficulties in recognizing traffic signals and vehicle lights. Conclusion: The frequency of colour blindness was found to be low but it was observed that colour blind drivers face a lot of difficulties while driving. Therefore, easy and practical changes should be made, like shape-coding of signals, and continuous research-based modifications are required to aid these drivers.
Attitudes And Behavior Of Dentists Regarding Management Of Deep Carious Lesion
Authors: Javaid Umeed , Asghar Shama , Rizvi Kulsoom Fatima
Published: December 2021

Objective: To assess the attitude and behavior of dentists for the management of deep carious lesions. Study Design and Setting: It was a cross sectional based study conducted at six dental institutes of Karachi from both government and private sectors. Methodology: The included participants were the dental graduates and post graduates working in different specialties of dentistry. Whereas graduates and post graduates not affiliated with any institution were excluded from the study. The Questionnaire comprises of two parts, first part was composed of participant’s demographic details and academic qualification, while the second part comprised of clinical scenarios regarding management of deep carious lesions. Results: From the 250 distributed questionnaires, 218 dentists returned the questionnaire giving a satisfactory response rate of 87.2%. There were 28% male and 72%% female dentists. The majority of dentists were aged between 25-35 years old. Complete caries removal was the management of choice by 72.5% of dentists for deep carious lesions. Conclusion: Complete caries removal was the most preferred treatment modality when the risk of dental pulpal exposure associated with caries excavation is low. However when the risk is high, step-wise excavation was preferred procedure by half of the participants.
Bernard Soulier Syndrome: Presenting As High-grade Fever In A Young Male
Authors: Asghar Syed Parvez , Asghar Rida Ali , Jaffari Syed Sajid Abbas , Akhtar Zehra , Siddique Naveed
Published: December 2021

Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BSS) is a rare inherited disorder of blood clotting (coagulation). They may be life-threatening and demand immediate attention. Congenital bleeding disorders especially pose a diagnostic challenge to the clinician because of their rarity and the need to be differentiated from the other common causes of bleeding in children. We present a case of young male presenting with generalized weakness, high grade fever with chills, dry cough and black tarry stools (2-3 stools/day). No response to steroids and further evaluation by platelet, ADP, collegen, epinephrine and defective response to ristocetin led to the correct diagnosis – Bernard soulier syndrome (BSS). However, it is imperative to have arrived at correct diagnosis in order to save unnecessary therapy and to take due precautions for prevention of bleeding
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Vitamin C
Authors: Ishrat Shabzain , Hoor Talea , Jaffri Mohammed Sajid Abbas
Published: December 2021

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which deteriorates the quality of life with time. Type 2 DM accounts for more than 90% cases of diabetes mellitus as compared to other types of this disease. There is significant oxidative stress in type 2 DM which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of disease. In order to combat this oxidative stress antioxidant supplements have to be added as add on therapy along with treatment of type 2 DM. Vitamin C is the safest antioxidant which plays significant role in diminishing the oxidative stress. The vitamin C supplementation have good control of FBS and HbA1c and therefore helps in achieving better glycemic control along with prevention of lipid abnormalities.
Cervical Spondylosis; An Inevitable But Preventable Catastrophe
Authors: Ahmed Syeda Bushra , Qamar Aisha , Imran Muhammad , Usmani Ambreen , Mehar Yasmeen , ul Haque Sama
Published: December 2021

Cervical spondylosis is a chronic degenerative disease which is prevalent in middle and aging population. Its cause is multifactorial attributing to stress, anxiety, trauma, sports, occupational factors or use of handheld devices. It is easily missed and neglected as it has an insidious onset, early subtle features, and resemblance with musculoskeletal problems. It is essential to investigate and intervene because it places a significant impact on health care of individuals and can adversely affect lifestyle by causing depression, dysphagia, and cervicogenic headache along with chronic neck pain, which is ranked as the disabling cause of adjustable life years (DALY). It is responsible for causing minor symptoms like chronic neck pain, numbness in hands as well as even quadriparesis or spastic gait. It needs to be diagnosed and treated earlier. The state of art strategy adopted by health practitioners can be a promising future for the next generation. The objective of this article is to discuss the anatomy, etiology, prevalence, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment options.
Comparision Of BRAF V600E, COX–2 and p53 As Biomarkers For The Early Detection Of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Wasti Hina , Shawana Summaya
Published: December 2021

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of gastrointestinal cancer. Almost two million new cases of CRC are diagnosed every year, making CRC the third most common cancer and the fourth most common cancer-associated cause of mortality in the world. The onset and development of CRC is induced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors including social, cultural and lifestyle factors. Age is considered as main risk factor for the colorectal cancer, there is remarkable increase past the fifth decade of life. Because of its high incidence and mortality rate worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) has become a global public health problem. Patients with CRC are typically asymptomatic and therefore it is difficult to diagnose disease until advanced stages, where the disease becomes incurable. Early diagnosis and therapy is able to decrease the risk of CRC in this asymptomatic population; however, early diagnosis of CRC remains a challenge in clinical practice. This review article was a comparative study and aims to explore the ability of the selected markers for early diagnosis of colorectal cancers for long term survival. Hence, identification of novel non-invasive diagnostic methods for early tumor detection in CRC is required. Screening of average-risk individuals can reduce CRC mortality by detecting cancer at an early curable stage. There is need for the implementation of new speci?c and more sensitive biomarkers in upcoming future which will improve diagnostic strategies and allowing clinicians to detect CRC cases in the earliest stages of the disease, to improve the prognosis of thousands of patients.
Distribution of landslides in the area of the town of Polski Trambesh, Northern Bulgaria
Authors: Dobrev Nikolai , Berov Boyko , Ivanov Plamen , Frantzova Antoaneta
Published: December 2021

The article presents the results of the landslide mapping in the area of the town of Polski Trambesh, central Northern Bulgaria. A total of 37 new landslides have been described, which have not been included in the landslide register so far. Landslides are classified by area, type and activity. Their location is mapped in a GIS environment.
Study of soil contamination near R1-Barzina artesian borehole, Vratsa Province
Authors: Trayanova Mila , Kolev Sava , Rabadjieva Diana , Benderev Aleksey , Gergulova Rumiana
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the environmental impact of a surface spill of groundwater with high total dissolved solids content by clarifying the extent of contamination in the soil layer near the borehole R1 – Barzina. The overall tendency for limitation of the migration of chloride pollution in the immediate vicinity of the formed surface spill. The fluctuations of the chlorides content in depth indicates the seasonal impact of refreshment by atmospheric waters.
Cooperative Approach: A Survey on Students’ Preferred Classroom Activities in Reading Classes at Thu Dau Mot University
Authors: Nguyen Hong Thi Xuan , Tran Du Thanh
Published: December 2021

The Cooperative approach or Cooperative learning approach is defined as a model of group learning in which students are assigned to cooperate in teams for gaining a common purpose whereas they have to show their independence in completing sectional tasks. This learning style, to some extent, has been used in Reading classes at Thu Dau Mot University along with other methods for boosting students’ working motivation. From the mentioned premise, the paper investigated English-majored students’ favorable activities in Reading classrooms to clarify student’s learning motives as well as their willingness to work in group during the lessons. A survey questionnaire on selective activities was sent to the fourth–year English majors to measure the respondents’ attitudes. Accordingly, the paper focuses on the following aspects: (1) students’ attitudes towards reading skills, (2) their preferred classroom activities, and (3) their expected achievements from the course. Consequently, it is found out that there was a kind of intrinsic motivation among learners in the course, the students are interested in self-conducted activities, and that cooperative learning activities might foster students’ love for reading.
ELEKTRONINĖS PREKYBOS BEI VARTOTOJŲ ELGSENOS POKYČIŲ COVID-19 PANDEMIJOS LAIKOTARPIU LIETUVOJE STATISTINĖ ANALIZĖ
Authors: Baronaitė Jolanta , Gotautienė Eglė
Published: December 2021

Pasaulį užklupusi COVID-19 pandemija ir karantino priemonės gerokai pakoregavo vartotojų elgseną įsigyjant prekes bei paslaugas internetu. Pastaraisiais metais ir taip ženkliai augęs elektroninės prekybos sektorius padarė dar didesnį proveržį. Karantino laikotarpiu verslui teko persiorientuoti į pasikeitusią vartotojų elgseną, tokiu būdu el. prekybos rinkoje Lietuvoje atsirado dešimtys naujų internetinių parduotuvių, o rinkos senbuviai fiksavo kelis kartus didesnius pardavimų (pajamų) augimo tempus. Straipsnyje remiantis mokslinės literatūros šaltiniais ir statistinių duomenų analize nagrinėjamos pirkimo internetu tendencijos, vartotojų pirkimo internetu elgsena bei pirkimo internetu statistinė analizė COVID-19 karantino laikotarpiu. Atlikus elektroninės prekybos dalyvių pardavimų bei pirkimo internetu duomenų analizę, galima teigti, kad Lietuvos gyventojų apsisprendimui pirkti internetu COVID-19 pandemija ir karantinas turėjo didelę įtaką, o ypač tai parodo 2021 m. asmenų apklausų, elektroninės prekybos įmonių finansiniai duomenys.
UAB „TEIDA“ PREKĖS ŽENKLO VERTYBINIŲ ASOCIACIJŲ VERTINIMAS
Authors: Leonavičienė Jūratė , Kreišmonienė Jolanta
Published: December 2021

Straipsnyje pateikiamas UAB „Teida“ prekės ženklo vertybinės asociacijos vartotojų požiūriu. Prekės ženklo asociacijų palankumas, unikalumas bei stiprumas nulemia vartotojų gebėjimą išskirti prekės ženklą iš kitų, padeda vartotojui apdoroti informaciją, suformuoja teigiamą požiūrį ne tik į patį ženklą, bet ir į prekę, ir padeda apsispręsti dėl pirkimo. Prekės ženklo kūrimo tikslas yra parengti turiningą prekės ženklo įvaizdžių ir asociacijų sistemą, o tiesiausias kelias sustiprinti vartotojų lojalumą prekės ženklui – didinti vartotojų emocinį prisirišimą. Apibendrinti apklausos rezultatai parodė, kad prekės ženklas „Teida“ asocijuojasi su įmonės deklaruojamomis vertybėmis – sveikata ir profesionalumu, respondentams, pagalvojus apie “Teida” prekės ženklą, jų pasąmonėje kyla teigiamos, teisingai atpažintos asociacijos.
Peran Fundamental Gembala Bagi Guru Saat Pandemik Dalam Pembelajaran Online Berbasis Karakter: Tantangan dan Sistem Pendukung
Authors: Sinaga Janes , Sagala Rudolf Weindra , Ferinia Rolyana , Hutagalung Stimson
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is to describe the fundamental role of a pastor in a church that has a school, especially to teachers who are facing challenges and problems implementing spiritual matters in online learning. This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques using literature studies, using references from various library sources and journals. Interviews were conducted to corroborate the analysis and statements. As a result, the fundamental role of the pastor during the covid-19 pandemic is very crucial for teachers in the spiritual field, by providing pastoral care for teachers who are experiencing stress, praying for them specifically one by one, helping to teach students about Christian Religious Education as a whole that equipped with short worship, group prayer, and Bible reading as literacy.
CIVIL AND ETHNIC IDENTITIES OF GERMAN ETHNIC GROUP OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Doctor of Sociology, Institute of Applied Ethno-Political Studies, Deputy Director, Sadvokassova A. , Kenzhetayeva A. ,   MA Leadership, Institute of Diplomacy, Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Baymanova L. ,   Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, the head of the Department of Foreign Languages, Ualikhanov University, Kokshetau
Published: December 2021

Diversity of ethnic groups can be an integral part of the society, which is inter-connected with social transformations. This goes hand in hand with migration of people and their integration into a host country. It can be referred to national or ethnic identities of citizens. This paper draws parallels between civil and ethnic identities of German ethnic group of Kazakhstan in the cases of cities of Karaganda and Almaty.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO IDENTIFYING INDUSTRIAL PRIORITIES OF EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF ASSESSMENT OF THE PROCESS OF ITS RESTRUCTURIZATION
Authors:   Chief Research Fellow of the KazISS under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Dodonov Vyacheslav
Published: December 2021

The regulation of the restructuring employment processes that occurs in the course of the development of the economy and the evolution of its structure should be based on the selection of sectoral priorities and be accompanied by an assessment of this process in terms of its compliance with the needs of the development of progressive types of economic activity. In this regard, the problem of elaborating methodological approaches that ensure the orderliness and controllability of the process of restructuring employment, including objectifying the choice of progressive industries and assessing the quality of shifts in the sectoral structure of employment, is highly relevant. The article substantiates approaches to identifying sectoral priorities for restructuring employment based on the criteria of economic efficiency and involvement in the implementation of government programs and also proposes a sequential process for evaluating the quality of shifts in employment based on their compliance with the selected sectoral priorities. Within the framework of the proposed approaches, using the example of the labor market in Kazakhstan, the results obtained are presented, such as a sequence of analytical actions to determine the range of priority sectors, a matrix for identifying sectoral priorities for employment, a scheme for implementing a methodological approach to assessing the quality of shifts in the sectoral structure of employment. On the basis of the proposed approaches, an assessment of the quality of shifts in the sectoral structure of employment in Kazakhstan was carried out and conclusions were drawn about the insufficient correspondence of these shifts to the priorities of the country's economic development.
MASS MEDIA AS A TOOL OF THE PRC'S "SOFT POWER" POLICY
Authors:   LN Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Zhaukeyeva Nazerke , Rystina Indira ,   Kaziss under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: December 2021

The article reflects the peculiarities of the application of the theory of "soft power" of the People's Republic of China through the mass media in state policy. In addition, the origin of this theory, the definition of the concept of "soft power" by Chinese researchers, adapted to Chinese society and culture, is given. This theory has gained particular popularity in the country, because it has found harmony with the worldview of the Chinese nation. Modern Chinese media, which, relying on new technologies, are the main tool for implementing this policy, successfully solve their main tasks. In particular, many major Chinese media content is published in English, their presence on the global Internet is increasing, and the scale of distribution is expanding. It is known that in order to spread Chinese culture on a global scale, deepen its acceptance, express a positive attitude to socio-economic modernization and political decisions of the People's Republic of China, the state uses innovative communication methods and actively spreads the Chinese "tone" in the international arena. The Chinese media come to the conclusion that they are effectively pursuing a policy of "soft power", spreading the values and culture of China around the world and thereby forming a positive image of the country. However, it is impossible to come to an unambiguous conclusion that China's soft power is being successfully implemented. After all, within the framework of the US-Chinese confrontation and the "belt and road", the activities of the Chinese media are severely criticized.
KAZAKHSTAN’S NATIONAL IDENTITY IN THE CONTEXT OF STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP WITH RUSSIA
Authors:   Abylai Chan University, Kazakhstan, Makasheva, Zhanat , Kashkinbayeva Assem ,   L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: December 2021

The article examines the main aspects of the definition of Kazakhstani identity in the context of strategic partnership with the Russian Federation, its historical and political analysis at the turn of the XXI century and on the eve of the 30th anniversary of the independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Particular emphasis is placed on the ideological basis for strengthening the independence of Kazakhstan through a well-grounded multi-vector foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan and its role in the context of strategic partnership with the Russian Federation in the context of the formation of a new world order in the modern system of international relations.
Nghiên cứu cấu trúc hình học và cấu trúc electron của cluster MnS3-/0 bằng hóa học tính toán và giải thích phổ quang electron của cluster anion
Authors: Trần Văn Trận , Trần Quốc Trị , Nguyễn Minh Thảo , Phan Trung Cang , Trần Văn Tân
Published: December 2021

Phiếm hàm B3LYP và phương pháp CASSCF/CASPT2 được sử dụng để nghiên cứu cấu trúc hình học và cấu trúc electron của cluster MnS3−/0. Kết quả cho thấy độ bền về mặt năng lượng của các đồng phân thuộc cluster anion (cluster mang điện tích âm) giảm dần theo chiều từ η2-(S2)MnS− đến MnS3− và cuối cùng là η2-(S3)Mn−. Độ bền của các đồng phân thuộc cluster trung hòa điện giảm dần theo chiều từ η2-(S2)MnS đến η2-(S3)Mn và cuối cùng là MnS3. Trạng thái electron cơ bản của cluster anion là 5B2 của đồng phân η2-(S2)MnS−, trong khi trạng thái cơ bản của cluster trung hòa điện là 4B1 thuộc đồng phân η2-(S2)MnS. Phổ quang electron của cluster anion được giải thích dựa vào các quá trình tách electron ra khỏi đồng phân bền nhất η2-(S2)MnS−và các đồng phân không bền MnS3− và η2-(S3)Mn−.
Quản lý hoạt động kiểm tra, đánh giá quá trình học tập của học viên Trường Chính trị tỉnh Bình Định
Authors: Võ Nguyễn Du , Tô Nam
Published: December 2021

Kiểm tra, đánh giá quá trình học tập của học viên trường chính trị cấp tỉnh là khâu rất quan trọng trong quá trình đào tạo. Trên cơ sở trình bày lý luận về kiểm tra, đánh giá quá trình học tập; đánh giá thực trạng quản lý hoạt động kiểm tra, đánh giá quá trình học tập của học viên tại Trường Chính trị tỉnh Bình Định; chúng tôi đề xuất một số biện pháp góp phần đổi mới công tác quản lý hoạt động kiểm tra đánh giá quá trình học tập của học viên tại Trường, nhằm nâng cao chất lượng đào tạo.