bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Addressing adherence to guidelines on prevention of acute chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients
Authors: Kacar Marija , MacDonald Paula , Gibson Paul
Published: January 2023

Background

Chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a distressing adverse effect in children receiving cancer treatment. There are evidence‐based pediatric clinical practice guidelines (CPG) on chemotherapy emetogenicity and acute CINV prevention, but adherence to these guidelines is low.

Procedure

A quality improvement‐based study was conducted at McMaster Children's Hospital. The SMART aim was to increase adherence to guidelines on prevention of acute CINV in hospitalized patients receiving high (HEC) and moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) from baseline 25% to more than 70% by June 2021. Barriers were identified by process mapping, and a series of interventions were implemented.

Results

Guideline adherence was assessed in 270 inpatient chemotherapy administrations (HEC, MEC). Data were collected on 131 charts pre interventions and 139 charts post interventions. Interventions included education, addition of guideline‐recommended anti‐emetics to the inpatient formulary, and implementation of a standardized CPG tool. Initial rates of total CINV guideline adherence were 25%, which improved to 72% post intervention (p < .001). In subgroup analysis, guideline adherence in the MEC group improved from 13% to 34% (p = .015), and in the HEC group from 32% to 93% (p < .001). The most common reason for nonadherence in the HEC group was failure to use aprepitant as anti‐emetic, and in MEC was option for ondansetron monotherapy prophylaxis.

Conclusion

Using quality improvement methodology, barriers to guideline adherence were identified and interventions implemented. Guideline adherence for prevention of CINV improved, particularly in the HEC group but less for the MEC group. Future steps will include sustainability of interventions and addressing adherence in the MEC group.
The effect of resveratrol supplementation on biomarkers of liver health: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Soltani Sepideh , Sharifi‐Zahabi Elham , Sangsefidi Zohreh Sadat , Ahmadi Vasmehjani Azam , Meshkini Fatemeh , Clayton Zachary Stephen , Abdollahi Shima
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on liver biomarkers in adult participants, using systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochran Library was searched, up to October 2021. The pooled effects were calculated using a random‐effects model and expressed as weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval. The methodological quality of studies as well as certainty of evidence were assessed by standard tools. Thirty‐seven relevant trials were found. Although overall analysis found no significant change, subgroup analysis showed a significant improvement in alanine aminotransferase (ALT; −7.79 U/L) and glutamyl transferase (−6.0 U/L) in patients with liver disorders, and ALT (−2.22 U/L) in younger adults; however, high‐dose supplementation (>1,000 mg/day) appeared to increase alkaline phosphatase concentration (+5.07 U/L). ALT also increased in older adults (+2.33 U/L) following resveratrol supplementation. We found resveratrol did not have a significant effect on liver health in the general population. However, resveratrol could be effective in patients with liver disorders. Our findings also suggest that high‐dose resveratrol administration and supplementation in older adults should be performed with caution. Further high‐quality clinical trials are also needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of resveratrol.
Finite– and fixed–time observers for uncertain multiple–outputs linear systems with unknown inputs
Authors: Ríos Héctor , Dávila Jorge , Fridman Leonid
Published: January 2023

In this paper a family of homogeneity–based observers is proposed to estimate the state of a class of multiple–outputs linear systems with some parametric uncertainties and unknown inputs. Such a family of observers possesses robustness, finite– and fixed–time convergence properties depending on the considered parametric uncertainties and unknown inputs. The structure of these observers is simple since requires neither additional observers, for an a priori stabilization, nor complex transformations, and allows us to straightforwardly apply the observers for the case of multiple–outputs. The proposed structure is based on relative degree sufficient conditions that imply the strong observability of the system. Some simulation results illustrate the performance of the proposed homogeneous observers.
Density‐Dependence of Surface Transport in Tellurium‐Enriched Nanograined Bulk Bi2Te3
Authors: Izadi Sepideh , Bhattacharya Ahana , Salloum Sarah , Han Jeong Woo , Schnatmann Lauritz , Wolff Ulrike , Perez Nicolas , Bendt Georg , Ennen Inga , Hütten Andreas , Nielsch Kornelius , Schulz Stephan , Mittendorff Martin , Schierning Gabi
Published: January 2023

Three‐dimensional topological insulators (3D TI) exhibit conventional parabolic bulk bands and protected Dirac surface states. A thorough investigation of the different transport channels provided by the bulk and surface carriers using macroscopic samples may provide a path toward accessing superior surface transport properties. Bi2Te3 materials make promising 3D TI models; however, due to their complicated defect chemistry, these materials have a high number of charge carriers in the bulk that dominate the transport, even as nanograined structures. To partially control the bulk charge carrier density, herein the synthesis of Te‐enriched Bi2Te3 nanoparticles is reported. The resulting nanoparticles are compacted into nanograined pellets of varying porosity to tailor the surface‐to‐volume ratio, thereby emphasizing the surface transport channels. The nanograined pellets are characterized by a combination of resistivity, Hall‐ and magneto‐conductance measurements together with (THz) time‐domain reflectivity measurements. Using the Hikami‐Larkin‐Nagaoka (HLN) model, a characteristic coherence length of ≈200 nm is reported that is considerably larger than the diameter of the nanograins. The different contributions from the bulk and surface carriers are disentangled by THz spectroscopy, thus emphasizing the dominant role of the surface carriers. The results strongly suggest that the surface transport carriers have overcome the hindrance imposed by nanoparticle boundaries.
Label‐Free Identification of Exosomes using Raman Spectroscopy and Machine Learning
Authors: Parlatan Ugur , Ozen Mehmet Ozgun , Kecoglu Ibrahim , Koyuncu Batuhan , Torun Hulya , Khalafkhany Davod , Loc Irem , Ogut Mehmet Giray , Inci Fatih , Akin Demir , Solaroglu Ihsan , Ozoren Nesrin , Unlu Mehmet Burcin , Demirci Utkan
Published: January 2023

Exosomes, nano‐sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted from cells, carry various cargo molecules reflecting their cells of origin. As EV content, structure, and size are highly heterogeneous, their classification via cargo molecules by determining their origin is challenging. Here, a method is presented combining surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with machine learning algorithms to employ the classification of EVs derived from five different cell lines to reveal their cellular origins. Using an artificial neural network algorithm, it is shown that the label‐free Raman spectroscopy method's prediction ratio correlates with the ratio of HT‐1080 exosomes in the mixture. This machine learning‐assisted SERS method enables a new direction through label‐free investigation of EV preparations by differentiating cancer cell‐derived exosomes from those of healthy. This approach will potentially open up new avenues of research for early detection and monitoring of various diseases, including cancer.
Accelerated MINFLUX Nanoscopy, through Spontaneously Fast‐Blinking Fluorophores
Authors: Remmel Michael , Scheiderer Lukas , Butkevich Alexey N. , Bossi Mariano L. , Hell Stefan W.
Published: January 2023

The introduction of MINFLUX nanoscopy allows single molecules to be localized with one nanometer precision in as little as one millisecond. However, current applications have so far focused on increasing this precision by optimizing photon collection, rather than minimizing the localization time. Concurrently, commonly used fluorescent switches are specifically designed for stochastic methods (e.g., STORM), optimized for a high photon yield and rather long on‐times (tens of milliseconds). Here, accelerated MINFLUX nanoscopy with up to a 30‐fold gain in localization speed is presented. The improvement is attained by designing spontaneously blinking fluorescent markers with remarkably fast on‐times, down to 1–3 ms, matching the iterative localization process used in a MINFLUX microscope. This design utilizes a silicon rhodamine amide core, shifting the spirocyclization equilibrium toward an uncharged closed form at physiological conditions and imparting intact live cell permeability, modified with a fused (benzo)thiophene spirolactam fragment. The best candidate for MINFLUX microscopy (also suitable for STORM imaging) is selected through detailed characterization of the blinking behavior of single fluorophores, bound to different protein tags. Finally, optimization of the localization routines, customized to the fast blinking times, renders a significant speed improvement on a commercial MINFLUX microscope.
Superior Performances of Self‐Driven Near‐Infrared Photodetectors Based on the SnTe:Si/Si Heterostructure Boosted by Bulk Photovoltaic Effect
Authors: Zhong Aihua , Zhou Yue , Jin Hao , Yu Huimin , Wang Yunkai , Luo Jingting , Huang Longbiao , Sun Zhenhua , Zhang Dongping , Fan Ping
Published: January 2023

The upsurge of new materials that can be used for near‐infrared (NIR) photodetectors operated without cooling is crucial. As a novel material with a small bandgap of ≈0.28 eV, the topological crystalline insulator SnTe has attracted considerable attention. Herein, this work demonstrates self‐driven NIR photodetectors based on SnTe/Si and SnTe:Si/Si heterostructures. The SnTe/Si heterostructure has a high detectivity D* of 3.3 × 1012 Jones. By Si doping, the SnTe:Si/Si heterostructure reduces the dark current density and increases the photocurrent by ≈1 order of magnitude simultaneously, which improves the detectivity D* by ≈2 orders of magnitude up to 1.59 × 1014 Jones. Further theoretical analysis indicates that the improved device performance may be ascribed to the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), in which doped Si atoms break the inversion symmetry and thus enable the generation of additional photocurrents beyond the heterostructure. In addition, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) measured at room temperature at 850 nm increases by a factor of 7.5 times, from 38.5% to 289%. A high responsivity of 1979 mA W−1 without bias and fast rising time of 8 µs are also observed. The significantly improved photodetection achieved by the Si doping is of great interest and may provide a novel strategy for superior photodetectors.
High Thermal Conductivity of Sandwich‐Structured Flexible Thermal Interface Materials
Authors: Jing Lin , Cheng Rui , Tasoglu Muzaffer , Wang Zexiao , Wang Qixian , Zhai Hannah , Shen Sheng , Cohen‐Karni Tzahi , Garg Raghav , Lee Inkyu
Published: January 2023

Thermal interfaces are vital for effective thermal management in modern electronics, especially in the emerging fields of flexible electronics and soft robotics that impose requirements for interface materials to be soft and flexible in addition to having high thermal performance. Here, a novel sandwich‐structured thermal interface material (TIM) is developed that simultaneously possesses record‐low thermal resistance and high flexibility. Frequency‐domain thermoreflectance (FDTR) is employed to investigate the overall thermal performance of the sandwich structure. As the core of this sandwich, a vertically aligned copper nanowire (CuNW) array preserves its high intrinsic thermal conductivity, which is further enhanced by 60% via a thick 3D graphene (3DG) coating. The thin copper layers on the top and bottom play the critical roles in protecting the nanowires during device assembly. Through the bottom‐up fabrication process, excellent contacts between the graphene‐coated CuNWs and the top/bottom layer are realized, leading to minimal interfacial resistance. In total, the thermal resistance of the sandwich is determined as low as ~0.23 mm2 K W−1. This work investigates a new generation of flexible thermal interface materials with an ultralow thermal resistance, which therefore renders the great promise for advanced thermal management in a wide variety of electronics.
Oriented Assembled Prussian Blue Analogue Framework for Confined Catalytic Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate
Authors: Zhou Peng , Tang Xiaolin , Ren Zhuoqun , Zheng Zeyu , Zhang Kuan , Zhou Rui , Wu Dan , Liao Jun , Zhang Yifu , Huang Chi
Published: January 2023

The design of highly dispersed active sites of hollow materials and unique contact behavior with the components to be catalyzed provide infinite possibilities for exploring the limits of catalyst capacity. In this study, the synthesis strategy of highly open 3‐dimensional frame structure Prussian blue analogues (CoFe‐PBA) was explored through structure self‐transformation, which was jointly guided by template mediated epitaxial growth, restricted assembly and directional assembly. Additionally, good application prospect of CoFe‐PBA as combustion catalyst was discussed. The results show that unexpected thermal decomposition behavior can be achieved by limiting AP(ammonium perchlorate) to the framework of CoFe‐PBA. The high temperature decomposition stage of AP can be advanced to 283.6 °C and the weight loss rate can reach 390.03% min−1. In‐situ monitoring shows that CoFe‐PBA can accelerate the formation of NO and NO2. The calculation of reaction kinetics proved that catalytic process was realized by increasing the nucleation factor. On this basis, the catalytic mechanism of CoFe‐PBA on the thermal decomposition of AP was discussed, and the possible interaction process between AP and CoFe‐PBA during heating was proposed. At the same time, another interesting functional behavior to prevent AP from caking was discussed.
Monodispersed Pt Sites Supported on NiFe‐LDH from Synchronous Anchoring and Reduction for High Efficiency Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Huo Jia‐Min , Ma Ze‐Lin , Wang Ying , Cao Yi‐Jia , Jiang Yu‐Cheng , Li Shu‐Ni , Chen Yu , Hu Man‐Cheng , Zhai Quan‐Guo
Published: January 2023

Precise design of low‐cost, efficient and definite electrocatalysts is the key to sustainable renewable energy. Herein, this work develops a targeted‐anchored and subsequent spontaneous‐redox strategy to synthesize nickel‐iron layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanosheets anchored with monodispersed platinum (Pt) sites (Pt@LDH). Intermediate metal‐organic frameworks (MOF)/LDH heterostructure not only provides numerous confine points to guarantee the stability of Pt sites, but also excites the spontaneous reduction for PtII. Electronic structure, charge transfer ability and reaction kinetics of Pt@LDH can be effectively facilitated by the monodispersed Pt moieties. As a result, the optimized Pt@LDH that with the 5% ultra‐low content Pt exhibits the significant increment in electrochemical water splitting performance in alkaline media, which only afford low overpotentials of 58 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and 239 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. In a real device, Pt@LDH can drive an overall water‐splitting at low cell voltage of 1.49 V at 10 mA cm−2, which can be superior to most reported similar LDH‐based catalysts. Moreover, the versatility of the method is extended to other MOF precursors and noble metals for the design of ultrathin LDH supported monodispersed noble metal electrocatalysts promoting research interest in material design.
Stimuli‐Triggered Multishape, Multimode, and Multistep Deformations Designed by Microfluidic 3D Droplet Printing
Authors: Yang Chenjing , Xiao Yao , Hu Lingjie , Chen Jingyi , Zhao Chun‐Xia , Zhao Peng , Ruan Jian , Wu Ziliang , Yu Haifeng , Weitz David A , Chen Dong
Published: January 2023

Elastomers generally possess low Young's modulus and high failure strain, which are widely used in soft robots and intelligent actuators. However, elastomers generally lack diverse functionalities, such as stimulated shape morphing, and a general strategy to implement these functionalities into elastomers is still challenging. Here, a microfluidic 3D droplet printing platform is developed to design composite elastomers architected with arrays of functional droplets. Functional droplets with controlled size, composition, position, and pattern are designed and implemented in the composite elastomers, imparting functional performances to the systems. The composited elastomers are sensitive to stimuli, such as solvent, temperature, and light, and are able to demonstrate multishape (bow‐ and S‐shaped), multimode (gradual and sudden), and multistep (one‐ and two‐step) deformations. Based on the unique properties of droplet‐embedded composite elastomers, a variety of stimuli‐responsive systems are developed, including designable numbers, biomimetic flowers, and soft robots, and a series of functional performances are achieved, presenting a facile platform to impart diverse functionalities into composite elastomers by microfluidic 3D droplet printing.
Development of a laparoscopic technique for inguinal hernioplasty in standing horses
Authors: Vitoria Arantza , Romero Antonio , Barrachina Laura , Fuente Sara , Gil Lydia , de Blas Ignacio , Vázquez Bringas Francisco José
Published: January 2023

Background

Most previously described techniques for laparoscopic inguinal hernioplasty (IH) in horses require advanced laparoscopic skills. Our objective was to describe a new laparoscopic IH technique using a surgical anchoring system.

Methods

Standing laparoscopic IH was performed unilaterally in eight experimental stallions, using the contralateral inguinal canal (IC) as a control. A polyether ether ketone harpoon was anchored in the craniolateral aspect of the vaginal ring, and an extracorporeal knot was used to fix the device. Clinical evaluation, including testicular palpation and lameness examination, was conducted before and for 4 weeks after surgery. Repeat laparoscopy was performed 28 days later.

Results

Standing laparoscopic IH was performed in all horses with a surgical time of 38 ± 12.85 minutes. In two animals, a small peritoneal tear occurred that did not require repair. No other complications were recorded. On repeat laparoscopy, all devices were in place, and the IC remained partially closed in all horses.

Limitations

The procedure was performed on normal experimental horses and has not been employed on horses that have had an inguinal hernia.

Conclusions

This new standing laparoscopic hernioplasty technique provides another potential method for simple partial closure of the IC in stallions at risk of or with history of inguinal herniation.
Does colonization with MRSA, ESBL – producingEnterobacteriaceae, and/orAcinetobacter baumannii– increase the risk for postoperative surgical site infection?
Authors: Gehlen Heidrun , Klein Katja‐Sophia , Merle Roswitha , Lübke‐Becker Antina , Stoeckle Sabita D.
Published: January 2023

Objective

Evaluation of the role of indicator pathogens in equine surgical site infection (SSI) and other infection‐promoting factors.

Study design

Cross‐sectional study.

Animals

Horses presenting with an open injury or surgical colic during 1.5 years.

Methods

A nasal swab and a faecal sample were collected from every patient upon admission. Furthermore, a wound swab was collected from wounds of injured horses. Details on the wounds and procedures were documented. Laparotomy incisions and injuries were monitored for signs suggesting infection.

Results

In total, 156 horses presented because of a surgical colic (n = 48) or open injuries (n = 108). Thirteen surgical colic patients and three injured horses did not survive beyond 24 h, and four injured horses were discharged from the clinic at the day of admission. SSIs occurred in 31 (30.7%) injured horses and 11 (31.4%) horses after laparotomy. Regarding injuries, general anaesthesia increased the risk of developing a WI compared to sedation. Indicator pathogens were cultured from 29/42 SSI. In total, 10/11 infected laparotomy incisions and 19/31 injuries with SSI tested positive for multidrug‐resistant pathogens (MDRPs) . Indicator pathogens were not detected at admission in any of the horses that developed incisional SSIs after laparotomy but were detected in two of the injured horses that developed SSIs.

Conclusion

MDRPs were identified in almost 70% of the SSI. Less than 5% of the affected animals were colonized with the same pathogen before admission, indicating that colonization with MDR pathogens is only one of the crucial factors for the development of SSI.

Clinical significance

Colonization with MDRP seems not to predispose horses to MDR SSIs.
The linear symmetries of Hill’s lunar problem
Authors: Aydin Cengiz
Published: January 2023

A symmetry of a Hamiltonian system is a symplectic or anti-symplectic involution which leaves the Hamiltonian invariant. For the planar and spatial Hill lunar problem, four resp. eight linear symmetries are well-known. Algebraically, the planar ones form a Klein four-group$${\mathbb {Z}}_2 \times {\mathbb {Z}}_2$$Z2×Z2and the spatial ones form the group$${\mathbb {Z}}_2 \times {\mathbb {Z}}_2 \times {\mathbb {Z}}_2$$Z2×Z2×Z2. We prove that there are no other linear symmetries. Remarkably, in Hill’s system the spatial linear symmetries determine already the planar linear symmetries.
Research methods in engineering design: a synthesis of recent studies using a systematic literature review
Authors: Escudero-Mancebo David , Fernández-Villalobos Nieves , Martín-Llorente Óscar , Martínez-Monés Alejandra
Published: January 2023

The relation between scientific research and engineering design is fraught with controversy. While the number of academic PhD programs on design grows, because the discipline is in its infancy, there is no consolidated method for systematically approaching the generation of knowledge in this domain. This paper reviews recently published papers from four top-ranked journals in engineering design to analyse the research methods that are frequently used. The research questions consider the aim and contributions of the papers, as well as which experimental design and which sources of data are being used. Frequency tables show the high variety of approaches and aims of the papers, combining both qualitative and quantitative empirical approaches and analytical methods. Most of the papers focus on methodological concerns or on delving into a particular aspect of the design process. Data collection methods are also diverse without a clear relation between the type of method and the objective or strategy of the research. This paper aims to act as a valuable resource for academics, providing definitions related to research methods and referencing examples, and for researchers, shedding light on some of the trends and challenges for current research in the domain of engineering design.
A novel anchoring system for pelvic organ prolapse repair: an observational study
Authors: van Raalte Heather , Bhatia Nina , Mangel Jeffrey , Ryckebusch Hugo , Roovers Jan-Paul
Published: January 2023

Introduction and hypothesis

Sacrospinous ligament (SSL) fixation is an effective and widely used vaginal procedure for correcting apical prolapse. The Saffron Fixation System (Coloplast Corp., Minneapolis, MN, USA) is a new anchoring device aimed at facilitating a durable, easy, and short procedure for SSL fixation with the goal of minimizing operative complications. The objective was to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of anchor deployment and suture fixation for pelvic organ prolapse repair using the Saffron Fixation System.

Methods

An observational human cadaver study was conducted to measure the distance between anchor location and anatomical landmarks in the pelvis, and the holding force of the fixated anchors. Anchors were placed in four human cadavers by different implanters. The pull-out force of these anchors was measured to assess efficacy (three cadavers by three implanters) and the distance between anchors and primal vessels and nerves was measured to assess safety (one cadaver by one implanter).

Results

Nineteen out of 20 anchors (95%) were correctly placed as judged by independent assessment performed by non-implanting surgeons. Distance between anchors and surrounding nerves and vessels exceeded 10 mm. Mean (SD) pull out-force was 17.9 (5.6) N.

Conclusion

The innovative anchoring device that was developed appeared to enable precise and solid anchor placement in the SSL. Future clinical studies are needed to explore if the theoretical advantages of this device translate to improved clinical outcomes in comparison with available suturing and anchoring devices.
Shorter duration of venetoclax administration to 14 days has same efficacy and better safety profile in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Aiba Masayuki , Shigematsu Akio , Suzuki Toma , Miyagishima Takuto
Published: January 2023

Venetoclax (VEN) is now widely used in the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in elderly patients who are not eligible for intensive remission induction therapy. Prolonged myelosuppression, increased incidence of infection, and long duration of hospital stay were major concerns for VEN treatment cases, and we thought that shortening the duration of VEN administration during induction therapy might solve these problems. Thirteen newly diagnosed AML patients who underwent VEN+azacitidine (AZA) induction therapy from March 2021 to June 2022 at Kushiro Rosai Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. The median age was 79 (range, 68–86) years, and 8 of the patients (61.5%) were classified as high risk according to the ELN 2017 risk stratification. Eight patients received VEN for 14 days (VEN14 group), and 5 patients received VEN for 28 days (VEN28 group). The composite complete remission (CRc) rate was 76.9% in total, and the CRc rates in the VEN14 and VEN28 groups were almost the same (75.0% and 80.0%, respectively). The median overall survival (OS) was not reached in the VEN14 group and was 254 days in the VEN28 group. The median event-free survival (EFS) was not reached in the VEN14 group and was 178 days in the VEN28 group. The VEN14 group might have a possibility to reduce febrile neutropenia (37.5% vs. 80%) and reduce the duration of hospital stay (median, 21.5 vs. 31 days) compared with the VEN28 group. VEN14 produced the same CRc rate and survival rate, safer profile, and shorter duration of hospital stay than VEN28.
Synthesis, crystal structure and dielectric properties of a hybrid dihydrogen arsenate salt: (C9H11N4)H2AsO4
Authors: Kammoun Omar , Abdelhedi Mohamed , Boujelbene Mohamed
Published: January 2023

The use of the organic aromatic amine molecule 5-amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole to synthesize a dihydrogen arsenate hybrid salt leads to a supramolecular structure type. Single crystals of (C9H11N4)H2AsO4 were grown through slow evaporation in solution. The synthesized compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system with the non-centrosymmetric P21 space group according to the following parameters; a = 9.655 (3) Å, b = 4.7090 (15) Å, c = 14.022 (4) Å, β = 108.147 (5)° and Z = 4. The mineral part building from dihydrogen arsenate anions [H2AsO4]− is linked together and to the organic cations [C9H11N4]+ by hydrogen bonds only. The results of Hirshfeld’s analysis show that in all possible molecular contacts, the hydrogen–hydrogen and the oxygen–hydrogen are the most important interaction in the crystal (37.5 and 31.9%, respectively). The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) confirms the existence of vibrational modes corresponding to the organic amine molecule and mineral arsenate tetrahedron. The optimized molecular structure and the vibrational spectra were calculated by the density functional theory DFT methods and the semi-empirical PM3 calculations. Dielectric study of this compound has been measured in order to determine the electrical conductivity type giving rise to an activation energy of ΔEσ = 0.17 eV.
Characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve replacement with the Tendyne system
Authors: Wilde Nihal , Tanaka Tetsu , Vij Vivian , Sugiura Atsushi , Sudo Mitsumasa , Eicheler Eva , Silaschi Miriam , Vogelhuber Johanna , Bakhtiary Farhad , Nickenig Georg , Weber Marcel , Zimmer Sebastian
Published: January 2023

Background

Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) has emerged as alternative to transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) for treatment of mitral regurgitation (MR); however, the role of TMVR with the Tendyne system among established treatments of MR is not well defined. We assessed characteristics and outcomes of patients treated with the Tendyne system in the current clinical practice.

Methods

We reviewed patients who underwent cardiac computed tomography and were judged eligible for the Tendyne system.

Results

A total of 63 patients were eligible for TMVR with the Tendyne system. Of these, 17 patients underwent TMVR, and 46 were treated by TEER. Patients treated with the Tendyne system were more likely to have a high transmitral pressure gradient and unsuitable mitral valve morphology for TEER than those treated with TEER. TMVR with the Tendyne system reduced the severity of MR to less than 1 + in 94.1% of the patients at discharge and achieved a greater reduction in left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume at the 30-day follow-up compared with TEER. In contrast, patients treated with the Tendyne system had a higher 30-day mortality than those treated with TEER, while the mortality between 30 days and one year was comparable between Tendyne and TEER.

Conclusions

Among patients eligible for the Tendyne system, approximately a quarter of the patients underwent TMVR with the Tendyne system, which led substantial reduction of MR and LV reverse remodeling than TEER. In contrast, the 30-day mortality rate was higher after TMVR with the Tendyne compared to TEER.
The extended gentle caesarean section protocol—expanding the scope and adding value for the family: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Christoph Patricia , Aebi Julia , Sutter Lena , Schmitt Kai-Uwe , Surbek Daniel , Oelhafen Stephan
Published: January 2023

Purpose

In Switzerland, about one in three children is born by caesarean section (CS). For many women, this means a restricted birth experience, limited observation of the birth process and a restricted involvement. We evaluated an extended gentle CS protocol, which offered early intraoperative skin-to-skin contact and the possibility of observing the delivery of the baby from the abdomen through a transparent drape.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study incorporating data from a purposely tailored questionnaire and clinical routine data. The extended gentle CS protocol was compared with the gentle CS, which does not allow the possibility of observing the delivery. Data were collected online and analysed by multivariable regression for quantitative data and content analysis for all text responses to open questions, respectively.

Results

193 women completed the questionnaire. Of these, 154 had a gentle CS and 39 had an extended gentle CS. Multivariable regression did not reveal a statistically significant difference for extended gentle CS with regard to satisfaction with childbirth, mother-to-child bonding, or breastfeeding duration. Nevertheless, early intraoperative skin-to-skin contact was associated with the fulfilment of birth expectations. Furthermore, most women who experienced an extended gentle CS would prefer the same procedure for any potential future CS.

Conclusions

Although our study showed no statistically significant difference in satisfaction from using a transparent drape, most women expressed a preference for this technique. We recommend that the option of an extended gentle CS should be offered to all women for whom CS is indicated.
Dual diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and sickle cell disease in a teenage male
Authors: Stein Quinn , Herman Kathleen , Deyo Jennifer , McDonough Colleen , Bloom Michelle S. , Mansuri Asifhusen
Published: January 2023

Background

Sickle cell disease (SCD) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) are relatively common genetic conditions with considerable overlap in clinical presentation. In addition to similarities between the signs and symptoms in sickle cell nephropathy and ADPKD, more than half of SCD patients have kidney cysts. The co-occurrence of these two diseases has not been previously reported in the literature.

Case diagnosis/treatment

A 16-year-old Black male with SCD had bilateral kidney enlargement and multiple simple cysts on ultrasound. Although kidney cysts are significantly more common in individuals affected with SCD, genetic testing with a broad kidney gene panel was performed to explore the possible presence of another underlying genetic cause of his cysts, in addition to SCD. A dual diagnosis of SCD and ADPKD was made following the identification of two copies of the common pathogenic sickle cell HBB variant (c.20A > T, p.Glu7Val) and a pathogenic missense variant in PKD1 (c.8311G > A, p.Glu2771Lys).

Conclusions

SCD and ADPKD differ in pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment regimens. As such, it will be paramount for this teenager to be closely monitored for signs of diminished kidney function and to be co-managed as he transitions to adult care to ensure proper treatment and management. Early identification of individuals with both SCD and a co-occurring condition is crucial to ensuring proper clinical management. Furthermore, identifying and reporting additional patients with SCD and ADPKD dual diagnoses will help us to understand the co-occurring disease course and optimal treatments.
Electrochemical biosensors based on in situ grown carbon nanotubes on gold microelectrode array fabricated on glass substrate for glucose determination
Authors: Singh Ankit Kumar , Jaiswal Nandita , Tiwari Ida , Ahmad Muhammad , Silva S. Ravi P.
Published: January 2023

A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor is reported for glucose detection using carbon nanotubes grown in situ at low temperatures on photolithographically defined gold microelectrode arrays printed on a glass substrate (CNTs/Au MEA). One of the main advantages of the present design is its potential to monitor 64 samples individually for the detection of glucose. The selectivity of the fabricated MEA towards glucose detection is achieved via modification of CNTs/Au MEA by immobilizing glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme in the matrix of poly (paraphenylenediamine) (GOx/poly (p-PDA)/CNTs/Au MEA). The electrocatalytic and electrochemical responses of the proposed sensing platform towards glucose determination were examined via cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The developed impedimetric biosensor exhibits a good linear response towards glucose detection, i.e., 0.2–27.5 µM concentration range with sensitivity and detection limits of 168.03 kΩ−1 M−1 and 0.2 ± 0.0014 μM, respectively. The proposed glucose biosensor shows excellent reproducibility, good anti-interference property, and was successfully tested in blood serum samples. Further, the applicability of the proposed sensor was successfully validated through HPLC. These results supported the viability of using such devices for the simultaneous detection of multiple electroactive biomolecules of physiological relevance.

Graphical Abstract
Resilience management processes in the offshore wind industry: schematization and application to an export-cable attack
Authors: Köpke Corinna , Mielniczek Jennifer , Roller Christoph , Lange Kerstin , Torres Frank Sill , Stolz Alexander
Published: January 2023

Offshore wind energy (OWE) production is a crucial element for increasing the amount of renewable energy. Consequently, one can observe a strong and constant rise of the OWE industry, turning it to an important contributor of national energy provision. This trend, however, is accompanied by increasing pressure on the reliability, safety, and security of the OWE infrastructure. Related security threats are characterized by high uncertainty regarding impact and probability leading to considerable complication of the risk assessment. On the other hand, the resilience concept emphasizes the consideration of the system’s response to such threats, and thus, offers a solution for dealing with the high uncertainty. In this work, we present an approach for combining the strengths of risk and resilience management to provide a solution for handling security threats in OWE infrastructures. Within this context, we introduce a quality assessment enabling the quantification of the trustworthiness of obtained results.
Preprocessing algorithms for the estimation of ordinary differential equation models with polynomial nonlinearities
Authors: Strebel Oliver
Published: January 2023

The data analysis task of determining a model for an ordinary differential equation (ODE) system from given noisy solution data is addressed. Since modeling with ODE is ubiquitous in science and technology, finding ODE models from data is of paramount importance. Based on a previously published parameter estimation method for ODE models, four related model estimation algorithms were developed. The algorithms are tested for over 20 different polynomial ordinary equation systems comprising 60 equations at various noise levels. Two algorithms frequently compute the correct model. They are compared to the prominent SINDy-family for those SINDy-algorithms that have simple default hyperparameters. This demonstrates that they are comparable to SINDy and more resilient towards noise than the tested SINDy algorithms.
Empirical studies of the “similarity leads to attraction” hypothesis in workplace interactions: a systematic review
Authors: Abbasi Zoleikha , Billsberry Jon , Todres Mathew
Published: January 2023

Although the similarity-attraction hypothesis (SAH) is one of the main theoretical foundations of management and industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology research, systematic reviews of the hypothesis have not been published. An overall review of the existing body of knowledge is therefore warranted as a means of identifying what is known about the hypothesis and also identifying what future studies should investigate. The current study focuses on empirical workplace SAH studies. This systematic review surfaced and analyzed 49 studies located in 45 papers. The results demonstrate that SAH is valid in organizational settings and it is a fundamental force driving employees’ behavior. However, the force is not so strong that it cannot be overridden or moderated by other forces, which includes forces from psychological, organizational, and legal domains. This systematic review highlights a number of methodological issues in tests of SAH relating to the low number of longitudinal studies, which is important given the predictive nature of the hypotheses, and the varying conceptualizations of attraction measurement.
Studying politics at the local level in Germany: a tale of missing data
Authors: Wegschaider Klaudia , Gross Martin , Schmid Sophia
Published: January 2023

What are the strategies of political parties in multi-level government systems and how do voters respond to these strategies? At the national and state level, many researchers have worked with data from party manifestos, candidate lists, party press releases, parliamentary questions, and parliamentary speeches. At the local level, these standard components of the political science toolbox are not available to researchers in many countries—including Germany. The absence of these data means that politics at the local level remains chronically understudied. In this research note, we draw attention to the dearth of data when studying local politics and the questions that we cannot answer as a result. Specifically, we document our failed attempt to collect local party manifestos in smaller municipalities which would have been the basis for an analysis of political parties’ strategies in response to the lowering of voting ages in local elections in German states. We point to examples from other countries that show that it does not have to be this way.
Health in Our Hands: diabetes and substance use education through a new genomic framework for schools and communities
Authors: Modell Stephen M. , Bayer Irene S. , Kardia Sharon L. R. , Morales Consuelo J. , Adler Idit , Greene-Moton Ella
Published: January 2023

From May 2014 through June 2019, educational, health, and academic partners under an NIH Science Education Partnership Award (SEPA) engaged 1271 6th through 8th grade students and their families in the “A New Genomic Framework for Schools and Communities” program. Evaluation addressed the effectiveness of the Health in Our Hands genomics curriculum, which employed Next Generation Science Standards and community action research projects to target two common, complex conditions—type 2 diabetes and substance use disorder (SUD)—in the underserved cities of Flint and Detroit, MI, USA. Curriculum outcomes were measured with classroom surveys, presentation event questionnaires, and adult interviews using mixed qualitative/quantitative (SPSS V. 25.0) methods involving generalized linear mixed modeling-based ANOVA. The diabetes unit enactment registered a 12% pre- /post-gain among students in perceived learning about genes and the environment. Both diabetes and SUD units showed statistically significant gains in perceived learning about health and health conditions and the importance of what students were learning to everyday life. A total of 73.4% of fall 2018 SUD event participants indicated increased awareness of educational and career choices in science. Moderate gains were noted during the diabetes curriculum in students sharing what they learned with friends and family. 9/11 parents and 5/9 community members attending the student presentation event had discussed diabetes with a student. Linked formal classroom and informal community-connected approaches can successfully be used to teach genomics and promote project-based learning in students, family, and community members. Further efforts are needed to effectively engage families.
Evaluation of groundwater repositories in parts of Enugu, Eastern Nigeria via electrical resistivity technique
Authors: Ossai Mirianrita Ngozi , Okeke Francisca Nneka , Obiora Daniel Nnaemeka , Ibuot Johnson Cletus
Published: January 2023

Resistivity survey was carried out in Enugu North, Southeastern Nigeria, in order to evaluate the groundwater condition of the area. The inadequacy of surface water, proper knowledge of the aquifer and increasing population has affected the extraction and development of groundwater in the area. Resistivity, thickness, depth, curve frequencies and protection level were determined. The result revealed a total of 5–6 geoelectric layers with model curves exhibiting the following curve types: KHK taking about 10%; AAKQ, KHAK, KHAA, HKQ, HKQQ and HAA taking 12%, AAA, AKH, HAK and KHKQ taking 24% while AKQ and AAK take 20 and 34%, respectively. The aquifer is within the fourth and fifth layer considering the layer with the largest thickness with the fourth layer taking up to 84% of the aquifers in the study area. The overburden layer resistivity and thickness ranged from 589.8 to 85,094.8 Ωm and 8.9 to 99.5 m with mean values of 42,642.3 Ωm and 54.2 m, respectively. The contour maps were generated using Surfer software package version 15 which show the variation of overburden parameters. The study area was generally considered as having a high protective level as a result of the low values of geophysically based protection index of the aquifer layers and weak to fair GPI rating implying that the aquifer can be protected from infiltrating contaminants. However, high hydraulic conductivity and porosity suggest high groundwater potential and high infiltration of polluted geofluids.
Graphene superlubricity: A review
Authors: Ge Xiangyu , Chai Zhiyuan , Shi Qiuyu , Liu Yanfei , Wang Wenzhong
Published: January 2023

Superlubricity has drawn substantial attention worldwide while the energy crisis is challenging human beings. Hence, numerous endeavors are bestowed to design materials for superlubricity achievement at multiple scales. Developments in graphene-family materials, such as graphene, graphene oxide, and graphene quantum dots, initiated an epoch for atomically thin solid lubricants. Nevertheless, superlubricity achieved with graphene-family materials still needs fundamental understanding for being applied in engineering in the future. In this review, the fundamental mechanisms for superlubricity that are achieved with graphene-family materials are outlined in detail, and the problems concerning graphene superlubricity and future progress in superlubricity are proposed. This review concludes the fundamental mechanisms for graphene superlubricity and offers guidance for utilizing graphene-family materials in superlubricity systems.
Tribological properties of oil-impregnated polyimide in double-contact friction under micro-oil lubrication conditions
Authors: Li Jinbang , Liu Jinyang , Li Kai , Zhou Ningning , Liu Yang , Hu Xudong , Yin Shunli , Wang Guorong
Published: January 2023

Oil-impregnated porous polyimide (iPPI) materials are usually used as retainer for bearings. In these bearings, balls and rings, balls and retainers are two different kinds of contact. In this paper, the friction and wear properties of iPPI were investigated using steel (disc)—steel (ball)—iPPI (pin) double-contact friction test rig for simulating the actual contact in bearings. The results show that compared with that of iPPI—steel single contact, the friction coefficient of iPPI—steel in double contacts is lower and decreases with the amount of additional oil. The surface of iPPI in single contact suffers more wear compared with that in double contacts. Different from single contact, the worn surfaces of iPPI in double contacts are blackened. The Raman spectra of worn surfaces of balls and discs indicate that α-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 were formed during rubbing of the double contacts. Many nanoscale iron oxide particles are found on the worn surfaces of iPPI in double contacts; on the contrary, few particles could be found on the surface in single contact. In double-contact friction, the nanoscale wear debris penetrates inside the iPPI material through the process of extruding and recycling of oil, which is the mechanism of the blackening of the iPPI worn surfaces. The studies show that the double-contact friction method is a new and effective method to study the friction in bearings, especially for those with polymer retainer.