bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERCEPTION OF STUDENTS ABOUT TEACHING AND LEARNING ANATOMY AT KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Authors: Mansur Dil Islam , Shrestha Pragya , Maskey Sunima , Shrestha Sheprala , Karki Sita
Published: April 2024

Background: A sound knowledge of human anatomy is essential for the training of new doctors for their clinical practices. However, majority of the newly graduated medical doctors feel as their knowledge of anatomy to be inadequate for their clinical practices. Hence, the present study was aimed to evaluate the perception of students regarding teaching and learning anatomy which may help to determine the areas of strength and weakness of teaching methodology.
Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study which consisted of medical students of Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences. A Google Form Questionnaire was developed and distributed to the students for obtaining their perceptions about teaching and learning anatomy. The students’ perceptions were collected on Likert scale questionnaire.
Results: The PowerPoint presentation was the most favourable tool for theory classes whereas cadaveric dissection was the most important tool for practical classes. Practical class was the most favourable method to understand anatomy clearly. MCQ was the best mode to evaluate knowledge and concept of anatomy for theory assessment whereas for practical assessment, gross anatomy spotter was the best mode to assess knowledge, skill and concept of anatomy.
Conclusions: The tools and methods used for teaching and learning anatomy were satisfied as suggested by majority of the students. The students also suggested that cadaveric dissection to be increased for better understanding of anatomy.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF PERCUTANEOUS TRANSOLECRANON AND LATERAL KIRSCHNER WIRE FIXATION FOR DISPLACED SUPRACONDYLAR FRACTURE OF HUMERUS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Shrestha Sujit Raj , Bhandari Pratap Babu , Neupane Gaurav , Regmi Ananda Prasad , Sharma Bishnu Dev , Acharya Devendra
Published: April 2024

Background: Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is one of the most common fracture occurring in children. When the patients present with swelling of the elbow, there is a dilemma whether to wait for the swelling to subside or to perform closed reduction and percutaneous pinning immediately. The objective of this study was to assess the functional outcome of percutaneous transolecranon and lateral K wire fixation and to observe the outcomes associated with this K wire configuration.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study done between 2021 and 2022 at Chitwan Medical College, Nepal. The study included 40 children with closed Gartland type II and III supracondylar fracture of the humerus with no neurovascular injury. They were treated within 3 days with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning using the transolecranon and lateral K-wire fixation technique. The outcome was assessed using the Flynn’s elbow Grading criteria.
Results: At 12 week follow up, 7 (17.5 %) patients had excellent result, 21 (52.5%) patients had good, 8 (20%) patients had fair and 4 (10%) patients had poor result. According to Flynn’s grading system 90 % had satisfactory result and 10 % had unsatisfactory result. Four patients had loss of reduction out of which 2 had poor result and 2 had fair result. None of the patients had post operative iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury.
Conclusions: The percutaneous transolecranon and lateral K-wire fixation for displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children is a good treatment option when the elbow is swollen and is reliable as it prevents iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury.
AN UNUSUAL ENCOUNTER TO FOREIGN BODY IN THE HARD PALATE
Authors: Pathak Hemanta Raj , Mishra Ravish , Yadav Deepak , Kandel Laxmi , Ali Shahid , Shris Nagendra
Published: April 2024

Foreign bodies are a common occurrence in pediatrics, which health care professionals usually encounter in cases where children accidentally swallow a foreign body or stick objects in their ears or nose. A child with a foreign body stuck to the hard palate, however, is a rare occurrence. Foreign bodies embedded in the palate are uncommon findings and may occasionally mimic oral lesions. In the majority of the cases, foreign body embedment in the palate happens in infants and children who are unable to give history. We present a case of 9 months old boy with foreign body embedded in hard palate for 4 weeks.
EVALUATION OF TRAUMATIC ULCERATIONS FREQUENCY AND SITE IN POST-INSERTION ADJUSTMENT RECALL VISITS IN COMPLETE DENTURE PATIENTS VISITING A DENTAL COLLEGE IN CHITWAN
Authors: Khanal Bibek , Sapkota Srijana Mishra , Thakur Smriti Narayan , Chaulagain Rajib
Published: April 2024

Background: During the initial days after complete denture insertion, patients can face various difficulties like traumatic ulcerations, loss of retention, unstable denture, difficulty in mastication and speech etc. The aim of the study was to assess the site and number of traumatic ulcerations in maxillary and mandibular denture bearing area in post-insertion adjustment recall visits and also to find out the total number of adjustments recall visits required until the patients become comfortable with the denture.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 75 complete denture patients to look for the number and site of traumatic ulcerations and the number of post-insertion recall visits required until they became symptom free. Descriptive (frequency and percentage) statistical analysis was done using SPSS Statistical Software Package (version 21.0).
Results: In the mandibular arch 49.33% (N=34) and in the maxillary arch 12.5% (N=9) patients required adjustment visits for traumatic ulcerations. In the first recall visit after 24 hrs, 34 patients showed traumatic ulcerations on mandibular arch while only 6 patients experienced traumatic ulcerations on the maxillary arch.
Conclusions: The patients required more post insertion adjustments for traumatic ulcerations in the mandibular arch in comparison to maxillary arch. Traumatic ulcerations was most frequently found in distobuccal sulcus area in the maxillary arch and labial sulcus in the mandibular arch.
ANALYSIS OF COMMON SYMPTOMS USING THE EDMONTON SYMPTOM ASSESSMENT SYSTEM IN TERMINALLY ILL CANCER PATIENTS RECEIVING PALLIATIVE CARE AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER OF NEPAL
Authors: Acharya Sandhya Chapagain , Sharma Susmita
Published: April 2024

Background: The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) is a reliable tool to assess the severity of Symptom over time. It evaluates nine symptoms commonly experienced by patients with cancer and other advanced illness. The aim of this study is to find the prevalent symptoms, intensity and prognostic significance of common symptoms in cancer patients. 
Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study enrolled 110 patients with terminal cancer receiving palliative care admitted at clinical oncology department of Bir Hospital. Patients providing informed written consent were advised to complete ESAS questionnaire within 24 hours of hospital admission. Data entry and analysis done in Microsoft Excel Version 2013. Frequency distributions, percentages, means, and standard deviations of various symptoms were analyzed. Scatter diagram was prepared to evaluate the time trend of all nine ESAS items toward death.
Results: One hundred ten patients (mean age 53.76 ± 10.63 years, 70 female and 40 male) completed ESAS score questionnaire. The most common symptom experienced was poor well-being 97(88.18%), followed by tiredness 91(82.72%) and lack of appetite 88(80%). Most severe symptoms were poor well-being with a mean score of 5.27 ± 3.08, followed by tiredness (3.55 ± 2.46), pain (3.24 ± 2.61) and lack of appetite (3.15 ± 2.53) and all the symptoms tend to deteriorate towards end of life.
Conclusions: Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) can be used easily to assess common symptoms and their intensity in cancer patients which help to provide specific symptom directed treatment and care.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF CELL BLOCK METHOD AND SMEAR CYTOLOGY IN FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY OF PALPABLE THYROID LESION IN PATIENTS ATTENDING KIST MEDICAL COLLEGE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Regmi Samikchhya , Acharya Sneh , Shahi Aanchal , Priyadarshini Anamika
Published: April 2024

Background: Most patients with thyroid diseases present with palpable neck swelling. Accurate evaluation of thyroid nodules is crucial as they can be neoplastic. The use of fine needle aspiration and smear cytology for the detection of malignant thyroid lesions is the usual practice. However, it has its limitations and diagnostic pitfalls. Cell block analysis can be a useful adjunct to smears for establishing a more definitive cytopathologic diagnosis. This study was aimed to evaluate cytology and cell block findings in the patients of palpable thyroid lesions.
Methods: A cross sectional, hospital-based comparative, observational study was conducted in Department of Pathology after receiving ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee. The study was conducted from 1st August 2022 to 1st August 2023. Statistical analysis of the diagnostic utility of cell block was evaluated taking into account sensitivity and specificity.
Results: Among the 50 cases diagnosed as non-neoplastic by smear cytology, 2 were found to be neoplastic by cell block and similarly among the 5 cases which were not diagnosed by cytology, 2 cases were confirmed to be non-neoplastic thyroid lesions by cell block. Sensitivity of FNAC to detect neoplastic lesions was 66.6% and specificity was 100%, while cell block had 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity to detect those lesions.
Conclusions: As both smear cytology and cell block procedures are done in a single setting, combination of two procedures has beneficial effect not only to support diagnosis but also to establish new diagnosis.
A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE PREVALENCE AND CAUSES OF MATERNAL MORTALITY IN MADHESH PRADESH
Authors: Mahato Srijana , Sah Ramkrishna , Mahato Sandeep , Yadav Punita , Sah Shiwani , Pandey Smita
Published: April 2024

Background: Maternal mortality is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy. Maternal health is still a public health problem in developing countries like Nepal. Therefore, this study aimed  to assess the prevalence and causes of maternal mortality in Madhesh Province.
Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in the Hub hospitals of Madhesh Pradesh. Non- probability total enumeration sampling technique was adopted to select the sample. A structured record review guide from Maternal Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) form was used to collect information related to maternal mortality. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 for windows to obtain the descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation.
Results: During three-year period (July 2020 to June 2023 AD) there were 53146 deliveries and 51820 live births and maternal death was 19 giving Maternal Mortality Ratio of 36.66 per 100000 live births. Majority of maternal death occurred among the age group of 20-34 years, who had caesarean delivery, during postpartum period and whose antennal care status was unknown. Post- partum hemorrhage (26.3%) and pregnancy induced hypertension (26.3%) are the major causes of                       maternal mortality among the women followed by antepartum hemorrhage and septic abortion.
Conclusions: Despite the country’s effort to reduce maternal mortality, the majority of the women are dying due to post-partum hemorrhage and pregnancy induced hypertension. All these deaths can be averted through the combined effort of Safe-motherhood strategies along with the upgrading prompt referral system, resources and appropriate skills to manage the complications during pregnancy, labor and puperium.
COMPARISION OF SUTURED VERSUS SUTURELESS SCLERAL FIXATED INTRAOCUALR LENS AT A TERTIARY EYE HOSPITAL, NEPAL
Authors: Manandhar Ashma , Karn Rajiv Ranjan
Published: April 2024

Background: One of the best options for correction of aphakia is scleral fixated intraocular lens. It can be implanted either using suture or without the use of suture. Each technique has its own pros and cons. The aim of this study was to compare the visual outcome and complications between the suture and sutureless technique of scleral fixation intra ocular lens.
Methods: It was a retrospective study done at a tertiary eye hospital in Koshi Province, Nepal where data of patients who underwent scleral fixated intraocular lens implantation from March 2017 to June 2017 were analyzed. Aphakic patients with absence of capsular support, subluxated lens (>180˚) and patients with posteriorly dislocated IOL with minimum follow up of 6 months were included in the study. All the data were entered into the SPSS version 20, descriptive analysis was done and independent t-test was applied to test the statistical significance.
Results: Sixty-six eyes of 66 patients were included in the study. Out of which 51.5% underwent sutured and 48.5% underwent sutureless scleral fixated intraocular lens implantation. Male: female ratio was 1.6:1. Most common indication for scleral fixated intraocular lens was traumatic dislocation of lens. Mean postoperative vision of sutured and sutureless SFIOL when compared, sutured SFIOL was found to have statistically significant improvement. Most common complication was corneal edema in both the groups.
Conclusions: Both techniques of scleral fixated intraocular lens showed satisfactory improvement in vision, but sutured SFIOL showed better vision postoperatively.
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION IN A RURAL MUNICIPALITY, NEPAL
Authors: Pant Pratisa , Karki Rajesh , Sah Ramswarth , Adhikari Kishor , Kaphle Maheshor
Published: April 2024

Background: Hypertension is a significant public health concern globally, as it is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and contributes to high mortality rates. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in Gandaki Rural Municipality.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1 to 13, 2022, involving 315 respondents aged 40 years and above. Hypertension and associated factors were assessed using a self-constructed questionnaire, a doctor’s aneroid sphygmomanometer, and a stethoscope. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of hypertension.
Results: The majority of respondents (27.3%) were aged between 50 and 59 years, with a mean age of 60.65 years (±12.85). The prevalence of hypertension was 41%. Alcohol consumption was reported by 43.2% of respondents, while 28.3% had a smoking habit, 24.1% used smokeless tobacco, 87.6% consumed red meat, and the majority (60.3%) engaged in moderate-intensity activities. Older age (AOR = 5.4; 95% CI = 2.60–11.06), smoking (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.06-3.19), presence of non-communicable diseases (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI = 1.03-3.70), and overweight (AOR = 2.4; 95%CI = 1.32-4.22) or obesity (AOR = 5.8; 95%CI = 2.50–13.68) were identified as significant risk factors for hypertension.
Conclusions: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be almost two-fifths in Gandaki Rural Municipality, emphasizing the need for preventive strategies focusing on modifiable risk factors. These strategies should focus on major risk factors such as promoting physical activity, discouraging tobacco use, increasing fruit consumption, and reducing red meat intake.
BACTERIOSTATIC EFFECT OF DIFFERENT AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET CONCENTRATES AGAINST FUSOBACTERIUM NUCLEATUM
Authors: Shrestha Erika , Reyes Mark Jason
Published: April 2024

Background: The use of autologous platelet concentrates (PCs) has gained popularity in a variety of medical fields in the past two decades. Various platelet concentrates have been developed with different centrifugation protocols. The regenerative potential of PCs have been studied and used in variety of periodontal surgical procedure. But there has been only few reports regarding their antimicrobial potential. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial effects of PRP, PRF and i-PRF against Fusobacterium nucleatum.
Methods: The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the bacteriostatic effect of different platelet concentrates on the growth of Fusobacterium nucleatum. All groups of metronidazole (positive control), PRP, i-PRF and PRF (the 3 experimental groups) consisted of twenty (20) samples each. All the samples were subjected to a disk diffusion test and incubated for forty eight (48) hours. The bacteriostatic effect was assessed by measuring the zones of inhibition. The results were subjected to statistical analysis using the Shapiro-Wilks test, One way ANOVA, Independent t-test and One sample t-test at a level of significance of p<0.05.
Results: The results of this study demonstrated that PRP and i-PRF are capable of inhibiting F.nucleatum growth at 48 hours and categorized as partially active while majority of the samples with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) displayed either contact inhibition or very minimal inhibition and categorized as inactive.
Conclusions: In the present study, platelet concentrates were able to demonstrate bacteriostatic activity against F.nucleatum. These PCs could be used as an adjunct in minimizing bacterial contamination.
NOMA: AN ADDITION IN THE OFFICIAL LIST OF WHO NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
Authors: Chaulagain Rajib
Published: April 2024

NA
ERRATUM of Issue 45 JCMC 2023
Authors: Journal of Chitwan Medical College
Published: April 2024

The online version and print version of Issue 45 of the Journal of Chitwan Medical College had a type error of only one number in the first page of all the original articles. The year of the journal of issue 45 should have been 2023 but it was written as 2022. The Journal confirms that the correct year is 2023 of Issue 45. The online version has been updated accordingly.
RETINOBLASTOMA IN AN OLDER CHILD: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Subedi Kumudini , Dulal Prachi , Parajuli Srijana , Pradhan Sangita
Published: April 2024

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignancy of childhood. More than 90% of the patients are under 5-years old. It is uncommon in age above 5 years. In this study we report a case of retinoblastoma in a 9-year-old girl. She presented to our department with decreased vision in left eye noted for 6 days. Vision loss was non-progressive, associated with mild pain. Snellen’s acuity in the affected eye was light perception only. There were no signs of active inflammation in the anterior chamber. Anterior vitreous face demonstrated exuberant vitreous inflammation. A large, elevated, sessile lesion occupying the inferotemporal quadrant was seen just behind the lens with significant adjacent inflammation. Right eye examination was unremarkable. Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging demonstrated retinoblastoma with no extra-ocular spread. Enucleation was done and biopsy of ocular tissue and bone marrow trephine biopsy was found normal. We conclude that any suspicious lesion in childhood must be evaluated for retinoblastoma. Even in older child the retinoblastoma may be localized and may have good visual prognosis.
CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF BIOPSY PROVEN NATIVE KIDNEY DISEASE IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN NEPAL
Authors: Sedhain Arun , Karki Rabina , Baral Anil , Khatri Bikash , Piya Albina , Aryal Manoj , Karki Abhishek
Published: April 2024

Background: Kidney biopsy has been regarded as an important tool for the diagnosis, management and monitoring the prognosis of renal diseases. We conducted this study to find out the clinico-pathological spectrum by native kidney biopsy in a relatively large scale.
Methods: This was a hospital based, prospective, observational study carried out in a tertiary hospital of Kathmandu from January 2022 to December 2023. The biopsy specimens were reported by nephropathologists on the basis of light microscopy, direct immunofluorescence for all samples and electron microscopic examination whenever indicated. The patient`s demographic profile, indication and histological findings of kidney biopsy were studied and analyzed using appropriate statistical tools.
Results: A total of 610 kidney biopsies were performed during the study period, of which 24 samples did not meet the inclusion criteria and 586 patients were included in the final analysis. The mean age of the patients was 42.08 ±9.09 years and 59.03% of the patients were younger than 40 years. Females outnumbered the males with female to male ratio of 1.09. The most common presentation was limb swelling (81.22%) and nephrotic syndrome was the most common indication for the biopsy and the most common histological finding was lupus nephritis, followed by IgA nephropathy and FSGS. Non-diabetic kidney disease was found in 54.28% of diabetic patients who underwent biopsy.
Conclusions: Nephrotic syndrome was the most common indication for kidney biopsy with lupus nephritis being the most common histological finding. Non diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) was found in more than half of the patients with diabetes mellitus.
PREVALENCE OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACCUSED AND VICTIM CASES ATTENDED IN ONE STOP CRISIS MANAGEMENT CENTER OF CENTRAL NEPAL
Authors: Shrestha Kaschev , Shah Dhiraj , Shrestha Natasha , Upadhyay Hari Prasad
Published: April 2024

Background: Sexual violence is a global public health issue, drawing more concern compared to other forms of violence. Evidence indicates that adolescents face an increased risk of encountering both physical and sexual violence. Despite this, there is a scarcity of nationally representative research on sexual violence in Nepal, hindering the development of informed interventions. This paper seeks to determine the prevalence of sexual violence and relationship between accused and the victim cases attended in one stop crisis management center of central Nepal.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the department of Forensic Medicine of College of Medical Sciences in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal, from January, 2023 to January 2024. Ethical approval was taken from institutional review committee of College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Chitwan. Data was entered and analyzed by using descriptive statistical tools in SPSS-16.
Results: The prevalence of sexual violence was 41.97% (with 95% CI as 36.31% to 47.62%). Out of 123 sexual violence cases majority (40.65%) of them were in the age group less than 14years followed by 38.21% in the age group 15-18 years. Majority of the victim were female (99.2%) by gender and Janajati (52.8%) by ethnicity. majority (78.9%) were victim of forcefully sexual intercourse. Most of the accused person (20.3%) were stranger followed by boyfriend (17.9%).
Conclusions: The prevalence of sexual violence is almost half among all type of violence. Majority of the victim were Adolescence girls and they were from janajati. One out of ten victim had present of body injuries while two out of ten had genital injuries. Most of the accused person were known person (boyfriend, Neighbors, Uncle and cousin). The statistically significant variables were age and gender.
Volatile Data Acquisition and Analysis by Using Memory Forensics Techniques
Authors: Rabia Mehmood
Published: April 2024

Memory forensics is a vital component of digital investigations, involving the analysis of volatile memory (RAM) in computer systems to gather evidence, identify malicious activities, and reconstruct cybercrime incidents. This paper provides an overview of memory forensics, highlighting its defini-tion, importance, purpose, and scope. It explores the evolution and significance of memory forensics in response to increasingly complex cyber threats. The memory forensics process is discussed, cover-ing memory acquisition and analysis. Legal and ethical considerations related to the admissibility of memory evidence and privacy protection are examined. The paper also discusses the types of memory, including physical and virtual memory, and their characteristics and significance in memory forensics. Furthermore, it explores the memory acquisition process, different methods, tools, and techniques used, as well as the importance of preserving evidence integrity. Finally, the paper introduces various tools for memory analysis, such as Volatility, Volatility Workbench, FTK Imager, Encase, Hibernation Recon, and Xplico, and highlights their role in extracting valuable evidence from memory dumps.
INFLUÊNCIA DA REMUNERAÇÃO VARIÁVEL NO DESEMPENHO EMPRESARIAL: UMA ANÁLISE SOB A ÓTICA DA TEORIA DA AGÊNCIA
Authors: Pilarski Matheus , Sackmann Lucas Emílio
Published: April 2024

O estudo investigou a relação entre remuneração variável e desempenho empresarial. O objetivo foi analisar a influência dos indicadores de rentabilidade (ROA, ROE, LG e LA) na remuneração variável dos gestores. Utilizou-se uma abordagem quantitativa, com uma amostra de 47 empresas listadas na bolsa de valores B3, ao longo de 4 anos. Os dados foram analisados por meio da Correlação de Pearson e da Regressão em Painel. Os resultados revelaram associação significativa entre a remuneração variável e o ROA, enquanto os demais indicadores não apresentaram relação. Na análise de Correlação os resultados revelam uma ausência de correlação entre a Remuneração Variável e os indicadores ROA, ROE, LG, LA, remuneração total e remuneração fixa. Na análise de Regressão, conclui-se que das variáveis analisadas, somente o ROA indica um aumento no desempenho econômico que está relacionado a um aumento na remuneração variável dos gestores, enquanto ROE, LG e LA não apresentam o mesmo resultado. Sugere-se, para pesquisas futuras, a exploração de outras variáveis de desempenho, análises setoriais, consideração de variáveis contextuais e adoção de abordagens qualitativas.
APRENDER A “OLHAR COM OLHOS DE VER” NA ESCOLA?
Authors: Duarte Ana Cristina
Published: April 2024

Neste corrupio desmesurado em que se transformou o nosso quotidiano, deparamo-nos, cada vez mais, com a necessidade de lidarmos com quantidades imensamente aumentadas de informação que nos chegam a um ritmo cada vez mais acelerado, através dos mais variados meios de difusão, nos mais diversos suportes. Vivemos numa era em que, na construção da maioria das mensagens, se recorre às subtilezas de mais do que uma linguagem, sendo evidente o uso cada vez mais generalizado da comunicação visual. As imagens que nos cercam, mais ou menos elaboradas do ponto de vista estético, sejam oriundas da comunicação de massas ou da cultura erudita, estão pejadas de mensagens complexas que influenciam largamente a nossa mundividência. Tendo em conta que as técnicas de comunicação têm vindo a tornar-se cada vez mais complexas, sofisticadas, ardilosas, e que a nossa autodeterminação depende substancialmente da nossa capacidade de levarmos a cabo análises profundas informadas, de demorarmos o nosso olhar, esquadrinhando minuciosamente o que vemos, ouvimos, sentimos, propomo-nos refletir sobre o papel que a escola pode ter no fomento de aprendizagens que desenvolvam a literacia visual.
Oxidative Potential: A New Indicator of Aerosol Toxicity
Authors: Cigánková Hana , Mikuška Pavel
Published: April 2024

Atmospheric aerosol particles are considered to be a significant health risk worldwide. Although the exact mechanisms of aerosol toxicity are still not fully understood, several studies report that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the main mechanisms responsible for chronic and acute health problems. For this reason, oxidative potential (OP) which is defined as the ability of an aerosol to generate ROS, has been proposed as a relevant parameter for assessing aerosol toxicity. This article describes different acellular in vitro methods to determine OP and the influence of chemical composition and aerosol size on OP.
History of Crystal Structure Solutions at the Department of Solid State Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
Authors: Kratochvíl Bohumil
Published: April 2024

The history of X-ray crystal structure solutions at the Department of Solid State Chemistry, UCT Prague, is described. The history is presented in three chapters: The beginnings and time of Professor Jan Kašpar (1945–1973), The history in the years 1974–1989, The history in the years 1990 to the present.
Montessori Approach in Chemistry Teaching at the Lower Level of an Eight-Year High School: Possibilities of Implementing Selected Elements in a Classical School
Authors: Opatová Michala , Distler Petr
Published: April 2024

The article presents the concept of teaching chemistry at the Montessori grammar school, including the possible integration of chemistry into the natural sciences class. The goal of the paper is to introduce to teachers elements of Montessori pedagogy that can be implemented in chemistry teaching at classical schools. The described principles are supplemented with examples of specific materials (e.g. StudyGuide, self-assessment, group work assignments), including a summary of the advantages and disadvantages in the implementation of innovations. The next focus is on describing the phases of learning for developing pupils' knowledge and key competencies, individual and group work and providing feedback, working with a heterogeneous group of learners or justifying the sufficient space for practice and learning.
How ESG sub-activities impact customer trust, satisfaction, and loyalty
Authors:   Global Venture Research Institute, Huh Jongho , Hong Jaewon
Published: April 2024

This study analyzed the simple and double mediated effects of trust and satisfaction on the relationship between sub-activities of ESG management and customer loyalty, focusing on the core marketing performance of customer loyalty. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted targeting 150 consumers, and the collected data was verified using Process MACRO(Model 6) analysis. The results show that the sub-activities of ESG management do not directly affect customer loyalty but indirectly affect it through trust and satisfaction. In other words, trust and satisfaction play a mediating role in the relationship between environmental, social, and governance sub-activities of ESG management. In particular, among the sub-activities of ESG management, environmental activities affect customer loyalty through trust and satisfaction, while social and governance activities affect customer loyalty through trust rather than satisfaction. These results suggest that companies pursuing ESG management should prioritize efforts to gain customer trust in the social and governance dimensions.
Analysis of entrepreneurship research trends using text mining techniques: Focusing on comparisons since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors:   Global Venture Research Institute, Oh YoungJe , Nam Jungmin
Published: April 2024

In order to analyze trends and trends in entrepreneurship research after the outbreak of COVID-19, this study used text mining techniques to examine changes by year and analyzed major keywords to identify the research area of entrepreneurship. We attempted to analyze the field of entrepreneurship research, which has not yet established a clear concept or independent academic field. In particular, entrepreneurship is highlighted as the most important solution in situations where economic and social issues arise, so it is one of the biggest economic and social events that has occurred recently. It was conducted with the purpose of analyzing the research field based on COVID-19, which was an issue. Based on this analysis, it is believed that it will be possible to discuss the direction and definition in which the field of entrepreneurship research will develop in new economic and social environmental changes.
critical analysis of the construction of Turkish national identity
Authors: Nagy Károly
Published: April 2024

This paper investigates the relationship between argumentation and political discourse. More specifically, this study focuses on the discursive and argumentative strategies employed by one of the most prominent Turkish leaders and current ruling president, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. The aim is to shed light on linguistic elements that fuel the sense of national identity after the coup attempt of 2016 through employing the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) for unveiling the use of specific argumentative strategies in the translated version of Erdogan’s 2016 Republic Day speech. English's growing presence in politics highly influences translation practices (House 2013). Not all politicians are proficient in English, thus, their speeches undergo translation from their native language. These translated speeches are intended for a global audience, which underscores the pivotal role of English analysis in both political discourse and the field of translation studies. Although the original language of the speech is Turkish, the examination of its English translation serves to highlight the significance of analysing translated political speeches and making these analyses accessible to a wider audience. The findings emphasise the importance of argumentative topics (topoi), such as the topos of History, Definition, Comparison, Threat and Favoruable Time in the advocation of national sentiment at various linguistic and structural levels within the translated political speech of Erdoğan. The implications of this research extend to the understanding of the intricate interplay between argumentative language and concepts of national sentiment within political discourse. Future research can further explore the application ofDHA in the analysis of political discourse, allowing for deeper insights into the communicative strategies employed by political leaders.
Code-switching as a natural phenomenon among learners of foreign languages
Authors: Szijártó Áron
Published: April 2024

Code-switching has long been regarded as a detrimental effect of being able to speak more than one foreign language. It is a widely accepted fact that the simultaneous acquisition of two or more foreign languages will make students code-switch more often compared to those learning only one foreign language at a time. Contrary to the common misconception that bi- or multilingualism through instruction would be any different in contrast to bi- or multilingualism acquired at home, bi- or multilinguals’ languages “act” similarly regardless of how they have been acquired. Code-switching can impede and aid foreign language learning at the same time. If code-switching is considered a phenomenon that should be avoided, some EFL teachers tend to make conscious steps to help students discard their code-switches. However, if code-switching is treated as it is, merely a natural phenomenon occurring to multilinguals, then, instead of needing to fix it, it can simply be observed. On the one hand, this study summarises some general findings about code-switching, which can also be observed among students born into monolingual families. The second part of the study is a linguistic analysis of a German L2 – English L3 code-switching phenomenon among Hungarian learners of English. Thethird part of this paper is an educational outlook highlighting the challenges faced by learners, especially young multilinguals.
The Effect of Family-Work conflict on Job Performance and Satisfaction of Female Employees in Education Sectors
Authors:   Lovely Professional University, Punjab – India, Sharma Anup
Published: April 2024

Several research works have examined the difficulty of balancing job and family obligations. They've used various methods, looked at different timeframes, and explored different fields. Numerous research have established a correlation between work-family conflict and variables such as stress levels, job satisfaction, performance at work, and family life satisfaction. However, none of these studies have explicitly examined the conflict that results when work and family responsibilities collide, particularly in the field of education. This indicates a gap in our knowledge of this field. To better understand how female employees in the education sector perform on the job and are satisfied with their jobs, this study will look at the effects, contributing variables, causes, coping methods, and correlations between these characteristics. The purpose of the proposed study is to fill this gap by examining the connection between family-work and work-family conflict. It will examine the causes of these conflicts, as well as their effects on women's performance in the education sector. The study intends to shed light on a significant but often ignored facet of balancing work and family obligations by concentrating on these areas. Key Words: work-family conflict, female educators, job performance, education sector, Work-life balance
Perception of Smart Wearables Device users towards the Sustainability Concerns
Authors:   Lovely Professional University, Kumar Ayush
Published: April 2024

Smart wearable devices have transformed the way individuals interact with technology in their daily lives, offering personalized solutions that enhance convenience, connectivity, and productivity. However, along with their benefits, concerns regarding user acceptability, accessibility, and data privacy persist. This study aims to investigate how smart wearables can improve customer experience and quality of life, addressing both opportunities and challenges they present. The theoretical framework revolves around three main pillars: personalized recommendations based on user data, seamless integration with other devices, and inclusivity and accessibility. The research examines various aspects, including user perceptions of sustainability concerns, usage patterns among young users, and possibilities for customized healthcare. Through a comprehensive literature review, gaps in research are identified, particularly regarding sustainability concerns, user awareness, and ethical considerations. The research methodology involves a quantitative survey to gauge user perceptions of sustainability issues, statistical analysis to identify trends, and theoretical exploration of sustainability factors in wearable technology. Additionally, experimental studies evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of sustainable material substitutes. The study aims to contribute valuable insights for individuals, organizations, and policymakers to maximize the positive impact of smart wearables on users' lives while addressing sustainability and ethical concerns.
Revolutionizing Sports Bikes with Artificial Intelligence: Safety, Performance, and Design Innovations
Authors:   Department of Computer Applications, Chandigarh School of Business, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjeri, Mohali, India, Sharma, Siddharth
Published: April 2024

This study examines how artificial intelligence (AI) is incorporated into sports bikes and examines the significant impacts this has on ride quality, user experience, and safety. Adaptive cruise control and collision avoidance systems, two AI-driven technologies that improve rider safety, and engine performance improvements and predictive maintenance algorithms that improve overall bike performance and dependability. Furthermore, bike design processes are revolutionized by AI-driven design techniques, which allow for quick iterations and customisation. This study offers insights into how artificial intelligence (AI) can revolutionize sports bike technology in the future. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Sports Bikes, Ride Quality, User Experience, Safety, Adaptive Cruise Control, Collision Avoidance Systems, Rider Safety, Engine Performance Improvements, Predictive Maintenance Algorithms, Bike Performance, Dependability, AI Driven Design Techniques.
Period Change Analysis of a W UMa-type Binary: V417 Aquilae
Authors: Maichandee Supanee , Hengpiya Torik , Maithong Wiraporn
Published: April 2024

Light curve analysis investigated the orbital period variations of the short period, overcontact eclipsing binary system, and V417 Aquilae (V417 Aql). The system was observed using a 0.70-meter telescope with a CCD photometric system using B and V filters at the Regional Observatory for the Public, Songkhla, Thailand, on 2 July 2021 UT. The light curve constructed by the photometric method for each filter was analyzed to find the period change of the system. It is found that the V417 Aql system is undergoing a long-term decrease of rate 0.00251 seconds/year. The reduction in the period showed that the distance between the stars was decreased according to Angular Momentum Loss (AML) theory. V417 Aql residuals tend to be periodic, indicating there might be a third body in the system. The calculation shows that the third body’s distance, period, and mass function are about 1.97 AU, 47.7 years, and 0.19Mʘ, respectively.
Positional Effects of Bottle-Baited Traps in Reducing Infestation Level of Coffee Berry Borer Hypothenemus Hampei Ferrari in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
Authors: Mbuba Aden R. , Shechambo Lilian F.
Published: April 2024

Coffee berry borer (CBB) is among the key insect pests of coffee worldwide. The use of bottle-baited traps has been in practice in several coffee-growing areas including Tanzania. However, there is limited information about the influence of height and spacing of commonly used bottle-baited traps in managing CBB in coffee-growing areas in the country. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of height where traps were placed (0.6, 1.2, and 1.6 m) on the reduction of infestation level of coffee berry borers at different developmental stages of coffee fruit (green and red fruit) under field conditions. The experiment followed a completely randomized block design with a factorial arrangement and four replications, three (lower, middle, and upper) levels of height and spacing were placed for 7 months. The number of captured CBB and damaged berries percentage was evaluated. The data were analyzed by R Software (2021) through an analysis of variance and means were separated by Turkey’s (0.05). A significant minimum berries damage (0.26%) as an implication of the lowest CBB infestation level was shown at the height of 0.6 m (for all stages of berries). On the other hand, at the red berries stage, the lowest damage (11.12%) was observed at the height of 1.6 m. Generally, this study deduced that the lower the height from which the traps are placed, the lower the infestation level of CBB hence reducing crop damage by the pest.
Khảo sát độc tính cấp, khả năng kháng oxi hóa và kháng viêm của cao Trầu không (Piper betle l. Piperaceae)
Authors: Nguyễn Thị  BạchTuyết  , Hoàng Thị Phương Liên  , Bùi Thái Quỳnh Thi  , Nguyễn Nhựt Trường
Published: April 2024

Cao Trầu không đã được tiêu chuẩn hóa, được chiết xuất với dung môi cồn 96 % và nước. Hoạt tính kháng oxi hóa của cao Trầu không được xác định theo phương pháp khử gốc tự do DPPH. Thử nghiệm in vivo được thực hiện trên chuột nhắt trắng Swiss albino, (6-8) tuần tuổi, trọng lượng trung bình khoảng 22 g. Khảo sát độc tính cấp đường uống của cao. Chuột được uống cao Trầu không với liều duy nhất 5.000 mg/kg trọng lượng chuột với thể tích 50 mL/kg trọng lượng chuột, theo dõi tỉ lệ chết và biểu hiện độc tính cấp trong vòng 14 ngày. Hiệu quả kháng viêm của cao Trầu không với liều (200, 400 và 800) mg/kg được đánh giá gây viêm bàn chân chuột nhắt bằng carrageenan 1 %. Diclofenac liều 5 mg/kg được sử dụng làm chất đối chứng. Kết quả cho thấy cao Trầu không thể hiện hoạt tính kháng oxi hóa với IC50 là 8,25 µg/mL, kém 3 lần so với quercetin. Cao Trầu không gây ra độc tính cấp đường uống ở nồng độ 5.000 mg/kg, được xếp vào phân loại 6 – chất gần như không có độc tính theo GSH. Ở mô hình gây viêm bằng carragenan, cao Trầu không thể hiện tác động làm giảm độ phù chân chuột đáng kể ở liều 200 mg/kg (p < 0,05) và tương đương với diclofenac liều 5 mg/kg (p > 0,05)® 2022 Journal of Science and Technology - NTTU
Helmet Detection and Number Plate Recognition Using YOLOv8 and Tensorflow Algorithm in Machine Learning
Authors: Prajapati Dipti , Sabat Samishtarani , Bhilare Sanika , Vishe Rashmi , Bhujbal Prof. Suman
Published: April 2024

In many suburbs, urban areas and locals across the globe there is a disconcerting surge in motorcycle accidents has become increasingly evident. Even though a helmet is the most important safety gadget, people do not wear it. Yet helmets stand as indispensable guardians shielding riders from the ravages of head injuries, an all-too-common occurrence in the chaotic landscape of accidents. People even knowing the importance of helmet ignore wearing them, which prone to accidents causing head injuries and elevate the collective standard of road safety therefore it is incumbent upon both the governing bodies and individual riders alike to vigorously champion and enforce the unwavering and meticulous utilization of helmets as an inseparable facet of conscientious motorcycle navigation.
Modernity and Politics: A Study of Cultural Identity in Manipur
Authors: Chaudhry Ishmeet Kaur , Meitei Longjam Loyaangamba
Published: April 2024

Cultural identity resonates with the categories of 'personal' and 'social' identity vis-à-vis the ideas of politics and culture. The emergence and evolution of the idea of social identity in any society's political, social, and cultural context are determined by imperialism. This imperialism may come in various forms in the vicinity, even overthrowing one language and culture over dominance. It is evident in the context of Indian history, partly and evidently. However, beyond the proximity of nationhood, few important insights, eras and events that took place in North-East India are so far neglected, especially in Manipur. Concerning this, we explored the role of imperialism in resolving a parcel of conflict on the cultural identity, language as one of the tools, and religion as the basis for cultural divides. In this review, we observed that language had shaped the foundation of historic and cultural identity in Manipur. Secondly, the tussle in religious practices, which, in turn, becomes a political tool for cultural identity and divides. Thirdly, the rise in the ethnic discontentment of various ethnicities and minorities settling in the State is due to the above two reasons.
The Effect of Adding Two Different Concentrations of Dates Molasses to the Drinking Water on Some Hematological and Biochemical Features in Broiler Chicken
Authors:   Animal Department, Agricultuire college, Kerbala University, Iraq., al- musoadi Mohanad fadhl hussain , Hadi Hamid Mustafa ,   Animal Department, Agricultuire college, Kerbala University, Iraq., Subeh Ali Hashim ,   Animal Department, Agricultuire college, Kerbala University, Iraq.
Published: April 2024

This study was conducted in the animal field at the college of Agriculture, Karbala University to study the effect of adding date molasses in two different concentrations to the drinking water of broiler on blood and biochemical qualities , 120 birds were taken from the Rose series and randomly distributed to three groups of equal number, molasses was added to the drinking water of birds of the second group by 3% and to the drinking water of the third group by 6% while 0% was added to the drinking water of the first group of the control group, The red and leucocytes counts ,the differential count of leucocytes , the packed cells volume and Hemoglobin, as well as the lipid profile (TC ,TG, HDL ,LDL , vLDL), liver function enzymes (ALT,AST) and blood proteins were measured , There was no significant effect of date molasses on the number of Erythrocytes and leucocytes count and the differential count of leucocytes while the percentage of Packed cells volume and hemoglobin increased significantly p<0.05 in the second and third groups compared with the control group, and And in contrast liver function, lipid profile and blood proteins were not affected significantly by adding molasses to drinking water.