bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-Layer Approach for the Detection of Selective Forwarding Attacks
Authors: Alajmi Naser , Elleithy Khaled
Published: November 2015

Security breaches are a major threat in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). WSNs are increasingly used due to their broad range of important applications in both military and civilian domains. WSNs are prone to several types of security attacks. Sensor nodes have limited capacities and are often deployed in dangerous locations; therefore, they are vulnerable to different types of attacks, including wormhole, sinkhole, and selective forwarding attacks. Security attacks are classified as data traffic and routing attacks. These security attacks could affect the most significant applications of WSNs, namely, military surveillance, traffic monitoring, and healthcare. Therefore, there are different approaches to detecting security attacks on the network layer in WSNs. Reliability, energy efficiency, and scalability are strong constraints on sensor nodes that affect the security of WSNs. Because sensor nodes have limited capabilities in most of these areas, selective forwarding attacks cannot be easily detected in networks. In this paper, we propose an approach to selective forwarding detection (SFD). The approach has three layers: MAC pool IDs, rule-based processing, and anomaly detection. It maintains the safety of data transmission between a source node and base station while detecting selective forwarding attacks. Furthermore, the approach is reliable, energy efficient, and scalable.
Feature Selection and Predictors of Falls with Foot Force Sensors Using KNN-Based Algorithms
Authors: Liang Shengyun , Ning Yunkun , Li Huiqi , Wang Lei , Mei Zhanyong , Ma Yingnan , Zhao Guoru
Published: November 2015

The aging process may lead to the degradation of lower extremity function in the elderly population, which can restrict their daily quality of life and gradually increase the fall risk. We aimed to determine whether objective measures of physical function could predict subsequent falls. Ground reaction force (GRF) data, which was quantified by sample entropy, was collected by foot force sensors. Thirty eight subjects (23 fallers and 15 non-fallers) participated in functional movement tests, including walking and sit-to-stand (STS). A feature selection algorithm was used to select relevant features to classify the elderly into two groups: at risk and not at risk of falling down, for three KNN-based classifiers: local mean-based k-nearest neighbor (LMKNN), pseudo nearest neighbor (PNN), local mean pseudo nearest neighbor (LMPNN) classification. We compared classification performances, and achieved the best results with LMPNN, with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy all 100%. Moreover, a subset of GRFs was significantly different between the two groups via Wilcoxon rank sum test, which is compatible with the classification results. This method could potentially be used by non-experts to monitor balance and the risk of falling down in the elderly population.
Study on Miniaturized UHF Antennas for Partial Discharge Detection in High-Voltage Electrical Equipment
Authors: Liu Jingcun , Zhang Guogang , Dong Jinlong , Wang Jianhua
Published: November 2015

Detecting partial discharge (PD) is an effective way to evaluate the condition of high-voltage electrical equipment insulation. The UHF detection method has attracted attention due to its high sensitivity, strong interference resistance, and ability to locate PDs. In this paper, a miniaturized equiangular spiral antenna (ESA) for UHF detection that uses a printed circuit board is proposed. I-shaped, L-shaped, and C-shaped microstrip baluns were designed to match the impedance between the ESA and coaxial cable and were verified by a vector network analyzer. For comparison, three other types of UHF antenna were also designed: A microstrip patch antenna, a microstrip slot antenna, and a printed dipole antenna. Their antenna factors were calibrated in a uniform electric field of different frequencies modulated in a gigahertz transverse electromagnetic cell. We performed comparison experiments on PD signal detection using an artificial defect model based on the international IEC 60270 standard. We also conducted time-delay test experiments on the ESA sensor to locate a PD source. It was found that the proposed ESA sensor meets PD signal detection requirements. The sensor’s compact size makes it suitable for internal installation in high-voltage electrical equipment.
Wireless Low-Power Integrated Basal-Body-Temperature Detection Systems Using Teeth Antennas in the MedRadio Band
Authors: Yang Chin-Lung , Zheng Gou-Tsun
Published: November 2015

This study proposes using wireless low power thermal sensors for basal-body-temperature detection using frequency modulated telemetry devices. A long-term monitoring sensor requires low-power circuits including a sampling circuit and oscillator. Moreover, temperature compensated technologies are necessary because the modulated frequency might have additional frequency deviations caused by the varying temperature. The temperature compensated oscillator is composed of a ring oscillator and a controlled-steering current source with temperature compensation, so the output frequency of the oscillator does not drift with temperature variations. The chip is fabricated in a standard Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) 0.18-μm complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process, and the chip area is 0.9 mm2. The power consumption of the sampling amplifier is 128 µW. The power consumption of the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) core is less than 40 µW, and the output is −3.04 dBm with a buffer stage. The output voltage of the bandgap reference circuit is 1 V. For temperature measurements, the maximum error is 0.18 °C with a standard deviation of ±0.061 °C, which is superior to the required specification of 0.1 °C.
TF4SM: A Framework for Developing Traceability Solutions in Small Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Bordel Sánchez Borja , Alcarria Ramón , Martín Diego , Robles Tomás
Published: November 2015

Nowadays, manufacturing processes have become highly complex. Besides, more and more, governmental institutions require companies to implement systems to trace a product’s life (especially for foods, clinical materials or similar items). In this paper, we propose a new framework, based on cyber-physical systems, for developing traceability systems in small manufacturing companies (which because of their size cannot implement other commercial products). We propose a general theoretical framework, study the requirements of these companies in relation to traceability systems, propose a reference architecture based on both previous elements and build the first minimum functional prototype, to compare our solution to a traditional tag-based traceability system. Results show that our system reduces the number of inefficiencies and reaction time.
A Real-Time Monitoring System of Industry Carbon Monoxide Based on Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Yang Jiachen , Zhou Jianxiong , Lv Zhihan , Wei Wei , Song Houbing
Published: November 2015

Carbon monoxide (CO) burns or explodes at over-standard concentration. Hence, in this paper, a Wifi-based, real-time monitoring of a CO system is proposed for application in the construction industry, in which a sensor measuring node is designed by low-frequency modulation method to acquire CO concentration reliably, and a digital filtering method is adopted for noise filtering. According to the triangulation, the Wifi network is constructed to transmit information and determine the position of nodes. The measured data are displayed on a computer or smart phone by a graphical interface. The experiment shows that the monitoring system obtains excellent accuracy and stability in long-term continuous monitoring.
Vision Sensor-Based Road Detection for Field Robot Navigation
Authors: Lu Keyu , Li Jian , An Xiangjing , He Hangen
Published: November 2015

Road detection is an essential component of field robot navigation systems. Vision sensors play an important role in road detection for their great potential in environmental perception. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical vision sensor-based method for robust road detection in challenging road scenes. More specifically, for a given road image captured by an on-board vision sensor, we introduce a multiple population genetic algorithm (MPGA)-based approach for efficient road vanishing point detection. Superpixel-level seeds are then selected in an unsupervised way using a clustering strategy. Then, according to the GrowCut framework, the seeds proliferate and iteratively try to occupy their neighbors. After convergence, the initial road segment is obtained. Finally, in order to achieve a globally-consistent road segment, the initial road segment is refined using the conditional random field (CRF) framework, which integrates high-level information into road detection. We perform several experiments to evaluate the common performance, scale sensitivity and noise sensitivity of the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits high robustness compared to the state of the art.
Influence of Culture Media on Microbial Fingerprints Using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Mlynáriková Katarína , Samek Ota , Bernatová Silvie , Růžička Filip , Ježek Jan , Hároniková Andrea , Šiler Martin , Zemánek Pavel , Holá Veronika
Published: November 2015

Raman spectroscopy has a broad range of applications across numerous scientific fields, including microbiology. Our work here monitors the influence of culture media on the Raman spectra of clinically important microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans). Choosing an adequate medium may enhance the reproducibility of the method as well as simplifying the data processing and the evaluation. We tested four different media per organism depending on the nutritional requirements and clinical usage directly on a Petri dish. Some of the media have a significant influence on the microbial fingerprint (Roosvelt-Park Institute Medium, CHROMagar) and should not be used for the acquisition of Raman spectra. It was found that the most suitable medium for microbiological experiments regarding these organisms was Mueller-Hinton agar.
UAVs Task and Motion Planning in the Presence of Obstacles and Prioritized Targets
Authors: Gottlieb Yoav , Shima Tal
Published: November 2015

The intertwined task assignment and motion planning problem of assigning a team of fixed-winged unmanned aerial vehicles to a set of prioritized targets in an environment with obstacles is addressed. It is assumed that the targets’ locations and initial priorities are determined using a network of unattended ground sensors used to detect potential threats at restricted zones. The targets are characterized by a time-varying level of importance, and timing constraints must be fulfilled before a vehicle is allowed to visit a specific target. It is assumed that the vehicles are carrying body-fixed sensors and, thus, are required to approach a designated target while flying straight and level. The fixed-winged aerial vehicles are modeled as Dubins vehicles, i.e., having a constant speed and a minimum turning radius constraint. The investigated integrated problem of task assignment and motion planning is posed in the form of a decision tree, and two search algorithms are proposed: an exhaustive algorithm that improves over run time and provides the minimum cost solution, encoded in the tree, and a greedy algorithm that provides a quick feasible solution. To satisfy the target’s visitation timing constraint, a path elongation motion planning algorithm amidst obstacles is provided. Using simulations, the performance of the algorithms is compared, evaluated and exemplified.
Predicting Whole Body Vibration Exposure from Occupational Quad Bike Use in Farmers
Authors: Clay Lynne , Milosavljevic Stephan , Trask Catherine
Published: November 2015

Whole body vibration (WBV) exposure is recognised as a risk factor to the high prevalence of spinal musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) experienced by farmers. The purpose of this study was to identify self-reported predictors that could be used to develop statistical models for WBV exposure (expressed as A8rms and VDV) in farmers operating agricultural quad bikes. Data were collected in the field from 130 farmers. Linear mixed effects modeling was used to determine the models of best fit. The prediction model for A8rms exposure (explaining 57% of the variance) included farmer age, estimated quad bike driving hours on day of testing and the type of quad bike rear suspension (rigid-axle rear suspension with two shock absorbers). The best model for VDV exposure (explaining 33% of the variance) included farmer age, estimated quad bike driving hours on day of testing and the type of quad bike rear suspension (rigid-axle rear suspension with two shock absorbers). In large epidemiological studies of spinal MSDs, these models would provide an acceptable indication of WBV without the costs of direct measurement.
A Case Study: The Development of Safety Tip Sheets for ATV Use in Ranching
Authors: Lagerstrom Elise , Hibiske Stacy , Gilkey David , Rosecrance John
Published: November 2015

Use of all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) has become standard practice on the modern ranch. The unique operating conditions present on a ranch, subject the occupational ATV user to hazards requiring awareness and specialized training. The purpose of this study was to apply social marketing methods to address a specific environmental health and safety issue present in the agricultural industry. A series of four ATV tip sheets were created in topic areas specific to the challenges that ATV operators encounter on a ranch. In order to evaluate the intended audiences’ perception of the tip sheets, a questionnaire was administered to all agriculture operators and producers throughout McCone County, Montana, USA. Questionnaire responses indicated that the tip sheets contained quality information and were relevant to the occupational hazards present when using ATVs for agricultural purposes. Future work should focus on the dissemination of this information and continued emphasis on industry specific training for ATV operators.
The Influence of Environmental Management Practices and Supply Chain Integration on Technological Innovation Performance—Evidence from China’s Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Yang Jiehui , Han Qinglan , Zhou Juanmei , Yuan Chunlin
Published: November 2015

How to effectively implement environmental management practices and supply chain integration to enhance technological innovation performance has become crucial in both research and practice. Based on resource-based view (RBV) theory, a theoretical model to determine the relationship between environmental management practices, supply chain integration, supply chain knowledge sharing, and technological innovation performance was proposed. Based on data collected from one hundred and twelve Chinese manufacturing enterprises, the empirical results show that environmental management practices have a significantly positive influence on technological innovation performance, and supply chain integration plays a moderating role on the relationship. In addition, the results indicate that supply chain integration is also a predictive variable of technological innovation performance and supply chain knowledge sharing. Our findings suggest that practitioners should couple environmental management practices with supply chain integration to improve technological innovation performance in addition to environmental performance, which has been substantiated in literature.
Selection of Optimum Working Fluid for Organic Rankine Cycles by Exergy and Exergy-Economic Analyses
Authors: Darvish Kamyar , Ehyaei Mehdi , Atabi Farideh , Rosen Marc
Published: November 2015

The thermodynamic performance of a regenerative organic Rankine cycle that utilizes low temperature heat sources to facilitate the selection of proper organic working fluids is simulated. Thermodynamic models are used to investigate thermodynamic parameters such as output power, and energy efficiency of the ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle). In addition, the cost rate of electricity is examined with exergo-economic analysis. Nine working fluids are considered as part of the investigation to assess which yields the highest output power and exergy efficiency, within system constraints. Exergy efficiency and cost rate of electricity are used as objective functions for system optimization, and each fluid is assessed in terms of the optimal operating condition. The degree of superheat and the pressure ratio are independent variables in the optimization. R134a and iso-butane are found to exhibit the highest energy and exergy efficiencies, while they have output powers in between the systems using other working fluids. For a source temperature was equal to 120 °C, the exergy efficiencies for the systems using R134a and iso-butane are observed to be 19.6% and 20.3%, respectively. The largest exergy destructions occur in the boiler and the expander. The electricity cost rates for the system vary from 0.08 USD/kWh to 0.12 USD/kWh, depending on the fuel input cost, for the system using R134a as a working fluid.
Project-Based Market Competition and Policy Implications for Sustainable Developments in Building and Construction Sectors
Authors: Yan Min-Ren
Published: November 2015

Building and construction sectors are significant contributors to the global economy, but their energy consumption necessitates greater commitment to sustainable developments. There is therefore a growing demand for green innovation in the form of cleaner production and policies to meet the modern requirements of sustainability. However, the nature in which public work is undertaken is in an environment of project-based market competition, whereby contractors routinely bid for contracts under specific project awarding systems, and variations are accompanied with the unique scope of individual projects before the final goods or services are delivered. A comprehensive understanding of the characteristics and contractors’ behavior in systems could help to identify the leverage points of policies. This paper proposes a system dynamics model, with quantitative analysis and simulations, to demonstrate the problems of a system with different project awarding systems and ineffective market performance. The framework of market efficiency and performance measures has been proposed to evaluate the project-based competition mechanism. Managerial policy implications for market efficiency and sustainable developments can thus be systematically discussed and compared through iterative computer simulations and scenario analysis.
Identifying Critical Factors in the Eco-Efficiency of Remanufacturing Based on the Fuzzy DEMATEL Method
Authors: Deng Qianwang , Liu Xiahui , Liao Haolan
Published: November 2015

Remanufacturing can bring considerable economic and environmental benefits such as cost saving, conservation of energy and resources, and reduction of emissions. With the increasing awareness of sustainable manufacturing, remanufacturing gradually becomes the research priority. Most studies concentrate on the analysis of influencing factors, or the evaluation of the economic and environmental performance in remanufacturing, while little effort has been devoted to investigating the critical factors influencing the eco-efficiency of remanufacturing. Considering the current development of the remanufacturing industry in China, this paper proposes a set of factors influencing the eco-efficiency of remanufacturing and then utilizes a fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method to establish relation matrixes reflecting the interdependent relationships among these factors. Finally, the contributions of each factor to eco-efficiency and mutual influence values among them are obtained, and critical factors in eco-efficiency of remanufacturing are identified. The results of the present work can provide theoretical supports for the government to make appropriate policies to improve the eco-efficiency of remanufacturing.
Enhancing Green Absorptive Capacity, Green Dynamic Capacities and Green Service Innovation to Improve Firm Performance: An Analysis of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
Authors: Chen Yu-Shan , Lin Yu-Hsien , Lin Ching-Ying , Chang Chih-Wei
Published: November 2015

This study discusses the influences of green absorptive capacity, green dynamic capacities, and green service innovation on firm performance. In order to fill the research gap, this study proposes the concept of green service innovation. The results are as follows: First, this study finds that green absorptive capacity has positive effects on green dynamic capacities, green service innovation, and firm performance. Second, this study points out that green dynamic capacities have positive effects on green service innovation and firm performance. Third, this study observes that green dynamic capacities and green service innovation intercede the positive connection between green absorptive capacity and firm performance.
The Effectiveness of Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Pauw Jelle , Gericke Niklas , Olsson Daniel , Berglund Teresa
Published: November 2015

Perhaps the most important issue in our time is how to sustain our planet’s resources, while developing wealth and well-being for a growing population. This monumental task has been defined in the concept of sustainable development (SD). During the last few decades the world communities have agreed upon addressing SD through international treaties. As a response Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has been launched as an answer to cope with sustainability. However, empirical studies are a missing link in the discourse around ESD, where decisions and implementation strategies are heavily based on policy recommendations and gut feelings by practitioners. We used data from 2413 students in grades 6, 9, and 12 from 51 schools across Sweden to study the effectiveness of ESD. In line with the current debate on the definition of ESD, we quantified the extent to which teaching can be labeled as holistic and/or pluralistic. Through a series of descriptive analyses and the estimation of structural equation models, our results indicate that ESD can indeed impact on student outcomes in terms of their sustainability consciousness. The results of this study reveal the key role ESD plays in addressing SD, paving the way for a more sustainable future.
The Importance of Being Hybrid for Spatial Epidemic Models:A Multi-Scale Approach
Authors: Banos Arnaud , Corson Nathalie , Gaudou Benoit , Laperrière Vincent , Coyrehourcq Sébastien
Published: November 2015

This work addresses the spread of a disease within an urban system, deﬁnedas a network of interconnected cities. The ﬁrst step consists of comparing two differentapproaches: a macroscopic one, based on a system of coupled Ordinary DifferentialEquations (ODE) Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) systems exploiting populations onnodes and ﬂows on edges (so-called metapopulational model), and a hybrid one, couplingODE SIR systems on nodes and agents traveling on edges. Under homogeneous conditions(mean ﬁeld approximation), this comparison leads to similar results on the outputs on whichwe focus (the maximum intensity of the epidemic, its duration and the time of the epidemicpeak). However, when it comes to setting up epidemic control strategies, results rapidlydiverge between the two approaches, and it appears that the full macroscopic model is notcompletely adapted to these questions. In this paper, we focus on some control strategies,which are quarantine, avoidance and risk culture, to explore the differences, advantages anddisadvantages of the two models and discuss the importance of being hybrid when modelingand simulating epidemic spread at the level of a whole urban system.
Genetic and Phylogenetic Characterization of Tataguine and Witwatersrand Viruses and Other Orthobunyaviruses of the Anopheles A, Capim, Guamá, Koongol, Mapputta, Tete, and Turlock Serogroups
Authors: Shchetinin Alexey , Lvov Dmitry , Deriabin Petr , Botikov Andrey , Gitelman Asya , Kuhn Jens , Alkhovsky Sergey
Published: November 2015

The family Bunyaviridae has more than 530 members that are distributed among five genera or remain to be classified. The genus Orthobunyavirus is the most diverse bunyaviral genus with more than 220 viruses that have been assigned to more than 18 serogroups based on serological cross-reactions and limited molecular-biological characterization. Sequence information for all three orthobunyaviral genome segments is only available for viruses belonging to the Bunyamwera, Bwamba/Pongola, California encephalitis, Gamboa, Group C, Mapputta, Nyando, and Simbu serogroups. Here we present coding-complete sequences for all three genome segments of 15 orthobunyaviruses belonging to the Anopheles A, Capim, Guamá, Kongool, Tete, and Turlock serogroups, and of two unclassified bunyaviruses previously not known to be orthobunyaviruses (Tataguine and Witwatersrand viruses). Using those sequence data, we established the most comprehensive phylogeny of the Orthobunyavirus genus to date, now covering 15 serogroups. Our results emphasize the high genetic diversity of orthobunyaviruses and reveal that the presence of the small nonstructural protein (NSs)-encoding open reading frame is not as common in orthobunyavirus genomes as previously thought.
Enterovirus D68 Infection
Authors: Esposito Susanna , Bosis Samantha , Niesters Hubert , Principi Nicola
Published: November 2015

First described in 1962 in children hospitalized for pneumonia and bronchiolitis, the Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is an emergent viral pathogen. Since its discovery, during the long period of surveillance up to 2005, EV-D68 was reported only as a cause of sporadic outbreaks. In recent years, many reports from different countries have described an increasing number of patients with respiratory diseases due to EV-D68 associated with relevant clinical severity. In particular, an unexpectedly high number of children have been hospitalized for severe respiratory disease due to EV-D68, requiring intensive care such as intubation and mechanical ventilation. Moreover, EV-D68 has been associated with acute flaccid paralysis and cranial nerve dysfunction in children, which has caused concerns in the community. As no specific antiviral therapy is available, treatment is mainly supportive. Moreover, because no vaccines are available, conventional infection control measures (i.e., standard, for contacts and droplets) in both community and healthcare settings are recommended. However, further studies are required to fully understand the real importance of this virus. Prompt diagnosis and continued surveillance of EV-D68 infections are essential to managing and preventing new outbreaks. Moreover, if the association between EV-D68 and severe diseases will be confirmed, the development of adequate preventive and therapeutic approaches are a priority.
Characterisation of adipocyte‐derived extracellular vesicles released pre‐ and post‐adipogenesis
Authors: Connolly Katherine D. , Guschina Irina A. , Yeung Vincent , Clayton Aled , Draman Mohd Shazli , Von Ruhland Christopher , Ludgate Marian , James Philip E. , Rees D. Aled
Published: November 2015

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are submicron vesicles released from many cell types, including adipocytes. EVs are implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity‐driven cardiovascular disease, although the characteristics of adipocyte‐derived EVs are not well described. We sought to define the characteristics of adipocyte‐derived EVs before and after adipogenesis, hypothesising that adipogenesis would affect EV structure, molecular composition and function. Using 3T3‐L1 cells, EVs were harvested at day 0 and day 15 of differentiation. EV and cell preparations were visualised by electron microscopy and EVs quantified by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). EVs were then assessed for annexin V positivity using flow cytometry; lipid and phospholipid composition using 2D thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography; and vesicular protein content by an immuno‐phenotyping assay. Pre‐adipogenic cells are connected via a network of protrusions and EVs at both time points display classic EV morphology. EV concentration is elevated prior to adipogenesis, particularly in exosomes and small microvesicles. Parent cells contain higher proportions of phosphatidylserine (PS) and show higher annexin V binding. Both cells and EVs contain an increased proportion of arachidonic acid at day 0. PREF‐1 was increased at day 0 whilst adiponectin was higher at day 15 indicating EV protein content reflects the stage of adipogenesis of the cell. Our data suggest that EV production is higher in cells before adipogenesis, particularly in vesicles <300 nm. Cells at this time point possess a greater proportion of PS (required for EV generation) whilst corresponding EVs are enriched in signalling fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, and markers of adipogenesis, such as PREF‐1 and PPARγ.
«Amor e amizade antre os nobres fidalgos da Espanha». Apontamentos sobre o prólogo do Livro de Linhagens do Conde D. Pedro
Authors: do Rosário Ferreira Maria
Published: November 2015

Chamando a atenção para a dependência do Prólogo do Livro de Linhagens

do Conde D. Pedro relativamente aos títulos da Partida IV onde se trata de

amistad e de natura, o presente artigo propõe-se mostrar detalhadamente a subtil manobra do linhagista português em torno da versão alfonsina da teoria social da amizade, tendente a deslegitimar a função da figura régia enquanto sede de justiça e a fazer prevalecer uma harmonia social fundada sobre as solidariedades de sangue que unem a nobreza peninsular e cimentam uma amizade natural decorrente da vontade divina. São também aduzidos argumentos que levam a concluir que a referência feita por Pedro Afonso ao «ordinamento antigo » não se compreende antes de ser conhecida a formulação do antigo pacto de amizade dos fidalgos definida nas cortes castelhanas de Alcalá realizadas em 1348.
«Recuenta el auctor la presente obra»: o prólogo do Baladro del Sabio Merlín de Juan de Burgos e a afirmação do poder régio
Authors: Calvário Correia Isabel Sofia
Published: November 2015

O Baladro del Sabio Merlín, incunábulo impresso em Sevilha por Juan de Burgos em 1498, constitui uma das versões ibéricas do romance arturiano francês Livre de Merlin. O texto hispânico começa por um prólogo intitulado «Recuenta el auctor la presente obra » . Na realidade, este «prólogo » precede o verdadeiro prólogo, sendo um paratexto sobre a formação do romance arturiano e sua recepção em Castela nos séculos xv e xvi. Com o presente artigo pretendemos compreender o que nos conta este «auctor » sobre a difusão ibérica do Baladro e a inserção deste romance no contexto cultural e literário do final da Idade Média.
Stratégies du paratexte dans les œuvres de don Juan Manuel
Authors: Biaggini Olivier
Published: November 2015

Cet article considère les stratégies du paratexte dans les oeuvres de don Juan Manuel selon deux perspectives complémentaires. D’une part, il tente d’examiner l’évolution formelle des prologues manuélins afin de montrer qu’ils élaborent une figure de l’auteur qui occupe une place de plus en plus centrale dans l’énonciation et dans la rhétorique de justification du projet littéraire. Au sein de cette évolution, il semble qu’un pas décisif soit franchi lorsque l’auteur, s’émancipant du modèle d’écriture alphonsin, adopte la fiction comme principe de composition de ses oeuvres (du Libro del cavallero et del escudero au Conde Lucanor), comme si ce principe de distanciation favorisait l’émergence d’une voix propre. D’autre part, l’article suggère que l’affirmation énonciative et rhétorique de l’auteur va de pair avec un transfert – d’abord ponctuel, ensuite plus massif – des fonctions du paratexte au texte proprement dit : de façon de plus en plus nette, le corps du texte intègre des discours réflexifs et accueille en son sein la figure semi-fictionnelle de

don Johán, vers laquelle convergent diverses stratégies d’autolégitimation de l’acte d’écriture. Dans les oeuvres les plus tardives (Libro infinido, Libro de las armas) qui, loin des oeuvres fictionnelles précédentes, se dotent d’une véracité testimoniale, tout l’effort rhétorique se concentre sur cette figure du moi, dont le pouvoir énonciatif se fonde sur une expérience personnelle et une continuité lignagère providentielles.
Traces de christianisation dans les centres urbains de l'ancienne Belgique.
Authors: Roosens Héli
Published: November 2015

Les premiers témoignages du christianisme en Belgique sont à chercher à Tongres, chef-lieu de la civitas Tungrorum, et à Tournai, chef-lieu de la civitas Tor- nacensium. Un troisième noyau se situe dans le bassin moyen de la Meuse et notamment à Huy. Relevons pour Tongres des substitutions antiques sous la basilique actuelle, des caveaux funéraires à la nécropole sud-ouest et un groupe d'inhumations au nord-est de la ville. A Huy, le vicus a livré des tessons marqués de symboles chrétiens et la nécropole, aux abords du vicus, des tombes avec objets du même genre. Sous l'église Saint-Piat à Tournai furent découvertes une cella memoriae suivie d'une basilique avec sépultures paléochrétiennes.
Marques de potiers sur céramique sigillée trouvées à Ardres.
Authors: Retkowski Natalie , Cabal Biville , Cabal Michel
Published: November 2015

Voorstelling van 103 merken op keramiek met zegels gevonden te Ardres (vicus van de « Noires-Terres », een van de mooiste reeksen ooit ontdekt in Noord-Frankrijk : studiemethode, inventaris, conclusies voor het schrift, her- komst en datering.

Men konstateert de dekadentie van het schrift van het vroege tot het late Kei- zerrijk, de migratie van de pottenbakkers van het zuiden van Gallië naar het centrum en dan nar het oosten, het grote belang van de ateliers in het centrum in de IIe eeuw, en de opkomst van die in het noorden en het noordoosten vanaf het midden van de IIe en IIIe eeuw.

De studie wordt gesitueerd tegen de achtegrond van de lokale archeologische kontekst : romanisering van de vicus omstreeks 50, bloei in de IIe eeuw, en ondergang in de IIIe, en verlaten van de plaats in ongeveer 268, wegens de eerste invasies, nog voor de IIe Duinkerkse transgressie de plaats gedeeltelijk overs- troomde.
Essai de synthèse des fouilles menées sur le vicus de Sains-du-Nord.
Authors: Broez Annie
Published: November 2015

Si depuis un siècle des « trouvailles » de monnaies romaines, de puits, d'éléments de construction étaient attestées, aucune recherche n'avait été faite pour délimiter le site. En 1983 des travaux de viabilité ont permis l'autorisation de fouilles de sauvetage sur le territoire de la commune. Ces fouilles ont mis à jour un réseau de voies empierrées s'étendant sur le versant sud de la colline. L'établissement du vicus, dans une région considérée comme inhabitée, est cependant explicable par la présence de mines de fer, de carrières de pierre, de forêts, de terres aptes à la culture et à l'élevage. Situé dans la vallée de l'Helpe, affluent de la Sambre, le site fut choisi pour les avantages qu'il offrait. Les premières constructions datent du Ier siècle, avec un apogée au IIe siècle -reconstruction du vicus- et un abandon au IIIe siècle. Quelques objets exceptionnels y furent découverts notamment un vase cultuel dédié à Mercure, une marmite en bronze étamé et une étonnante monnaie de Philippe l'Arabe.
Recherches archéologiques à Cassel (Nord), Castellum Menapiorum V-VIII.
Authors: Hanoune Roger , Jacques François , Muller Arthur
Published: November 2015

Poursuite des travaux publiés dans Cassel 1 à IV.

Cassel V : informations supplémentaires sur la stratigraphie du sondage contre la muraille sur le flanc Ouest de la butte (RH-AM).

Cassel VI : Synthèse de Cassel I à V : la stratigraphie du sondage et sa représentation, la séquence chronologique (RH-AM).

Cassel VII : Documents graphiques sur la butte de Cassel : dessins du XVIIIe et du XIXe siècle (RH).

Cassel VIII : Témoins probables de cadastres romains dans la région de Cassel (FJ).
Le grenier des Pays-Bas médiévaux.
Authors: Derville Alain
Published: November 2015

Voor drie grote markten tussen Vlaanderen en Artesië (St-Omer, Rijsel en Douai) kent men het bedrag van de taksen op het verkochte of uitgevoerde graan, en het aantal boerderijen. Het ging hier bijna uitsluitend om tarwe, en de boeren namen een winstmarge van ongeveer 50 % op het brutoprodukt. Men kan zo een schatting maken van de (énorme) omzet. Omstreeks 1400 expor- teerde het slibrijke hoogland zowat 1.500.000 hl graan, naar Vlaanderen Zee- land, Holland en soms naar Engeland, en daarnaast is er nog de export uit Ver- mandois of San terre, ailes samen 100, 200, 300 of 500 keer meer dan wat uit de Baltische zee, uit Abbeville of Engeland naar de Nederlanden uitgevoerd werd.
Des dessins italiens au musée de Bergues.
Authors: Sueur Hélène
Published: November 2015

After Lille and Valenciennes, Bergues is one of the few museums in the Nord to own a collection of ancient drawings. It is the Verlinde legacy of 1877 that gave the Drawings Cabinet of this little city of Flanders its privileged position by enriching it with several hundred Flemish, Dutch, Italian and French works, stretching over various periods. As regards the Italian school two Venetian masters are worth noting, Sebastiano del Piombo and Domenico Tiepolo together with Domenico Maria Camuti, illustrious representative of Bolognian baroque, the Florentine Jacopo da Empoli or also the powerful Neapolitan Luca Giordano. The Bergues foundation then deserves to be rediscovered, at least by anyone somehow interested in the art of drawing, all the more so as it also boasts many other Northern or French items.
Compagnies joyeuses, «Places» et festivités à Lille au XVIe siècle.
Authors: Delay Valérie
Published: November 2015

Comme Rouen et Dijon, Lille possède, au XVIe siècle, une vingtaine de compagnies joyeuses (exceptionnellement une cinquantaine en 1598), qui régnent sur un faubourg, une rue ou une place et animent ainsi la ville. Elles regroupent certainement une grande partie de la population lilloise, sans que l'on puisse préciser le milieu social, l'âge et le sexe de ces «compagnons».

C'est surtout lors de la «création» de leurs dignitaires que se manifestent la folie et la dérision goûtées par ces lillois. Les chefs des compagnies joyeuses portent des titres souvent évocateurs et cocasses (roi des Sots, prévôt des Coquins, prince des Ruissos, etc..) et tournent en ridicule des rites religieux ou politiques, sous les yeux de la foule et des membres des compagnies venues d'Arras, de Douai et de quelques villes de la région. Les autorités urbaines et l'Empereur n'apprécient pas toujours ces débordements et cherchent à contrôler les compagnies, qui disparaissent dans la seconde moitié du siècle : pour chaque décennie de 1492 à 1550, on repère environ 45 compagnies (139 même entre 1500 et 1509), qui disparaissent véritablement entre 1566 et 1597 (sauf 6 en 1581).

Après 1510 donc, leur rôle tend à se limiter à la décoration des rues et à des mises en scène théâtrales, encouragées et récompensées par les autorités urbaines, pour les processions et les entrées princières, comme en 1600.

L'âge d'or de ces groupes festifs du Moyen Age s'achève par un dernier éclat : la fête pour la paix de Vervins de 1598. Des compagnies naissent ou renaissent alors, sans lendemain...
«Splendeur et magnificence». Processions et autres célébrations à Amsterdam au XVIe siècle.
Authors: Roodenburg Herman
Published: November 2015

Jusqu'à présent les historiens néerlandais n'ont pas consacré beaucoup d'attention aux processions au XVIe siècle, alors que les archives, les descriptions de villes et d'autres sources offrent de nombreuses données intéressantes. L'auteur décrit dans cet article une série de processions et d'autres célébrations religieuses qui avaient lieu à Amsterdam jusqu'en 1578, quand la ville passait dans le camp protestant. On constate dans ces célébrations une forte ressemblance quant au contenu avec celles étudiées par R.W. Scribner dans l'Allemagne contemporaine. Dans la deuxième partie l'auteur tente d'interpréter le contenu symbolique de la procession principale, du sacrement, qui était organisé deux fois par an, et à partir de 1536, même trois fois. Il puise pour cela dans les études de N.Z. Davis, M. James, J. Bossy et C. Geertz, et conclut dans le même sens : les processions du saint sacrement étaient depuis toujours une démonstration de l'union et de la réconciliation. Au courant du XVIe siècle, ces processions devenaient de plus en plus un instrument de polémique dirigé contre la montée du protestantisme.
Lille en fête durant la Révolution, 1789-1799.
Authors: Trénard Louis
Published: November 2015

Ook tijdens deze dramatische période blijven de feesten hoogtepunten in het stedelijke leven. In de tweede heft van de XVIIIe eeuw valt het volksvermaak samen met religieuze processiesen dat blijft zo tot het jaar II, al wil een verlichte elite het anders.

In de période van de Constituante en van de wetgevende vergadering ontwor- den, zodat er een verschuiving komt van god naar de natie. Deze feesten krijgen onder de Conventie een politieke lading i.v.m. de republikeinse opvoeding.

Van Thermidort tot Brumaire ontstaan er steeds meer feestelijkheden, ver- jaardagen, tiendaagse plechtigheden, maar deze feesten zonder mysterie hebben niet veel echo bij de Rijselse bevolking.
Capitaux et industrie textile au Moyen Age dans les régions septentrionales.
Authors: Sivéry Gérard
Published: November 2015

Information is more widely available downstream (marketing of processed goods) than upstream (investments in production). In regions where companies are but short lived, often assume the forms of lenders associations and seldom keep any permanent records, the analysis of the few townspeople account books hitherto found, ordinances issued by city authorities, trades regulations, letters for the leper Fair show that capital is invested either in infrastructural real estate (harbours, cloth halls, etc..) or in industrial property or manufacturing. Two types of investors stand out : the merchants trading in wool from England and the job givers, whose role, though minor at the origin, grows as imports from England decrease.
Les entreprises textiles de Tourcoing (XVIIe-XXe siècle).
Authors: Delsalle Paul
Published: November 2015

We still know very little about Tourcoing's textile manufactures. The author of the present article introduces the different sets of records which could serve as bases for extensive surveys of individual monographies. In so far as the Ancien Régime is concerned these records consist mostly in notarial deeds kept in the Archives Départementales. For the contemporary period, the City Archives of Tourcoing provide remarkable series. The originals of income tax files and company accounts in particular. Iconographie collections are also quite worth noting. Thus researchers can now benefit from instruments adapted to their work and from convenient sets of documents.
L'industrie du fil à tricoter main.
Authors: Battiau Michel
Published: November 2015

Frankrijk is de eerste Europese producent van breiwol en Nord/Pas-de-Calais neemt meer dan 80% van die productie voor zijn rekening. Belangrijk is dat productie en distributie het werk zijn van dezelfde firma's. Alleen grote ondernemingen hebben een eigen verkoopsnet of een systeem van post- orderverkoop kunnen opzetten. Het gevolg daarvan is een grote concentratie. De veranderingen van de mode hebben veel belang en de productie is in de voorbije 15 jaar zeer gevarieerd geweest. De Franse ondernemingen zijn de grootste wereldexporteurs van dit product.
Textile : le conflit entre Lille et Roubaix- Tourcoing au début du XVIIe siècle.
Authors: Lottin Alain
Published: November 2015

The documents presented here bear on the centuries-old conflict opposing Lille to the big boroughs depending on the castle (Roubaix-Tourcoing) in respect to the urban monopoly of weaving sayette and «bourgeterie». The 1609 edict having given some satisfaction to the low country, this latter then tried to press on its advantage. After Roubaix, it is Tourcoing's turn in 1623 to claim new liberties. Lille and Tournai, for once united, reply vigorously. On both sides, one brings forward history, the law, morals, religion, the testimony of the elders. These valuable documents allow us not only to get a clearer picture of the condition of an industry wrecked by the 1617-1621 depression, but give us also a precious insight into the behaviours, mentalities and passions of the merchants, craftsmen and labourers in town as well as in the country.
Cu(I)-catalyzed N,N’-diarylation of natural diamines and polyamines with aryl iodides
Authors: Panchenko Svetlana Petrovna , Averin Alexei Dmitrievich , Anokhin Maksim Viktorovich , Maloshitskaya Olga Aleksandrovna , Beletskaya Irina Petrovna
Published: November 2015

The Cu(I)-catalyzed N,N’-diarylation of natural diamines and polyamines such as putrescine, cadaverine, spermine, spermidine and their homologues is described. Aryl iodides bearing electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups have been employed in the study. The CuI/2-(isobutyryl)cyclohexanone/DMF catalytic system has found to be more efficient in the diarylation of diamines and spermine while the CuI/L-proline/EtCN system proved to be preferable for the diarylation of other tri- and tetraamines like spermidine, norspermidine and norspermine.
On Diagnostic Accuracy in Audiology: Central Site of Lesion and Central Auditory Processing Disorder Studies
Authors: Vermiglio Andrew J.
Published: November 2015

Background:In the field of audiology a test protocol (index test) is used to determine the presence or absence of a target condition. The value of an index test rests in its diagnostic accuracy. Results from an index test must be verified through the use of a reference standard.
The clinician and researcher should determine the quality and applicability of diagnostic accuracy studies. The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) statement was published in response to the low quality of research conducted across many fields of study. It provides guidelines
for the development and interpretation of diagnostic accuracy studies.Purpose:The primary purpose of this article is to assess the degree to which the main principles of diagnostic accuracy studies are used for the detection of central auditory nervous system lesions and a central auditory
processing disorder (CAPD). The secondary purpose is to compare the design of these studies to select key guidelines from the STARD statement. The third purpose of this article is to present an argument against the reassignment of diagnostic accuracy values of a particular index test for one
target condition (e.g., a central site of lesion) to a different target condition (e.g., a CAPD).Results:A review of diagnostic accuracy literature on the detection of a central site of lesion reveals the use of a reference standard for the independent verification of the index test
results. However, diagnostic accuracy studies involving index tests for the detection of a CAPD show that independent verification of index test results is nonexistent or at best questionable.Conclusion:For a particular index test, while the diagnostic accuracy for detection of a central
site of lesion may have been determined appropriately, it is inappropriate to reassign these diagnostic accuracy values to a different diagnostic target such as a CAPD.