bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lowering water level in an excavation for a multi-family residential building in urban development
Authors: Grzegorz Wrzesiński
Published: August 2022

The paper concerns lowering water level in excavations for residential buildings in a dense urban development. The construction and protection of excavation walls as well as the methods of lowering the water level and its impact on the surroundings were discussed. An excavation dewatering system is presented on the example of a multi-family residential building with one underground floor, built in dense urban development. The excavation executed in the sandy subsoil below the groundwater level and encased with walls made of steel sheet piles was analysed. Two concepts of lowering the water level in the excavation were considered: the first with use of a wellpoint system, the second with use of a well with pumps. The conducted calculations showed that when using a wellpoint system to lower the water level in the excavation for analysed multi-family residential building, a system consisting of 260 wellpoints with a spacing of 1.0 m should be made. The efficiency of a single wellpoint is 12.25 m3·d–1, and the efficiency of the entire installation is 3,185.69 m3·d–1. When draining the wells, a system consisting of 9 wells should be made, with a unit capacity of 375.58 m3·d–1 and efficiency of the total installation 3,380.22 m3·d–1.
Eklemeli İmalat ile Üretilen PLA Parçaların Yapıştırılmasında Yapıştırma Parametrelerinin Mekanik Dayanımına Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Polat Nezihan , Anaç Nergizhan , Mert Faruk
Published: August 2022

Geçmişten günümüze plastik malzemeler şekillendirme kabiliyetleri sayesinde endüstrinin her alanında yoğun olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Özellikle son 10 yılda eklemeli imalat sektöründe masa tipi 3B yazıcıların yaygınlaşmasıyla termoplastikler en çok kullanılan plastik malzeme çeşidi olmuştur. Bununla beraber bu yöntemle üretilen parçaların montajı da bir o kadar önem kazanmıştır. Plastik malzemeler düşük yüzey enerjisine sahip oldukları için yapışkanlı birleştirme işleminin gerçekleştirilmesinde zorluklar vardır. Bu hususta en önemli işlem parametreleri yapıştırıcı tipi, parça yüzey temizliği ve yapıştırma kalınlığıdır. Bu çalışmada; eklemeli imalat yöntemi ile PLA levhalar üretilmiş ve iki farklı yapıştırıcı (Loctite 9492 ve Terason 9225) ile birleştirilmiştir. Yüzey hazırlığı için 320 ve 600 SiC zımpara kullanılarak mekanik zımparalama yapılmıştır. Üç farklı yapıştırıcı kalınlığı (0,3 0,18 ve 0,1mm) ile PLA-PLA malzeme çiftinden yapıştırma bağlantıları oluşturulmuştur. Bağlantılar çekme testine tabi tutularak mekanik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, 3B baskıda farklı doluluk oranlarında (%100, %80, %60, %40 ve %20) yapılan baskı sonucunda, doluluk oranının yüksekmesiyle birlikte parça mukavemeti artış göstermiştir. Sonuçlar yapıştırma bağlantı mukavemetinin yapıştırıcı çeşidine bağlı olarak yapıştırma kalınlığının değişiminden ters korelasyonlu olarak etkilendiğini ortaya koymuştur. Yapıştırıcı kalınlığının artması Loctite EA 9492 bağlantılarının mukavemetini arttırırken, Teroson PU 9225 bağlantılarında ise tam tersi etki yaratmaktadır.
Poética e imagem: atos de criação e sensações no conto A oficina do escultor, de José Saramago
Authors: Costa Malufe Annita , Soares Rodrigues da Silva Mateus
Published: August 2022

O presente artigo divide-se em duas partes: a primeira discute a relação mantida pelos códigos poéticos próprios ao contexto cultural da Antiguidade Clássica, bem como a relação que esses tratados estabeleciam com outras manifestações artísticas, especialmente com aquelas das artes visuais, e seus processos criativos; e a segunda, que por meio da análise do ato de criação no (e do) conto A oficina do escultor, do livro A Bagagem do Viajante (1973), de José Saramago, realizada sob a perspectiva propiciada pelas contribuições estéticas oferecidas pelos estudos de Victor Chklovski, Júlio Cortázar, Georges Bataille, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari, revela no texto em tela uma poética descolada dos ditames clássicos em que se descortina uma cartografia fronteiriça dos territórios artísticos (e seus gêneros), caracterizada pelo esfumaçamento de suas divisas e pela subversão da relação preservada, tradicionalmente, entre poesia e imagem.
Penegakan Hukum Nasional dan Hukum Internasional Terhadap Kejahatan Cyber Espionage Pada Era Society 5.0
Authors: Hamdan Mustameer
Published: August 2022

The era of Society 5.0 is a condition of society that is required to solve various challenges and social problems by utilizing various innovations that were born in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 such as the Internet on Things, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, and robots to improve the quality of human life. The new things in Era Society 5.0 should not change law enforcement based on decision-making, the freedom of legal institutions in deciding cases, the professionalism of the apparatus, and public transparency. The rapidity of this era in entering the country during the Covid-19 pandemic, triggering cybercrimes that use new tools such as virus spread, and cracking. One of the crimes that the state is vulnerable to is Cyber Espionage. This crime is an act of espionage that takes advantage of advances in technology and information. As a state of law, Indonesia is required to have policies that regulate Cyber Espionage actions while still paying attention to aspects of international law so that law enforcement in Indonesia can run smoothly. To find out the readiness of Indonesian law in facing the threat of Cyber Espionage, we write this article with a normative juridical research with three approaches, conceptual approach, statutory approach, and comparative approach. The results of our research show that the national legal instruments in Indonesia are still limited to the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (ITE), Government Regulations regarding its implementation, Presidential Regulations on National Defense (Perpreshanneg), and the absence of policies that specifically regulate cyber crimes.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MODEL SSCS DENGAN PENDEKATAN RME DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KOMPUTASIONAL
Authors: Batul Fathimah Azzahraail , Pambudi Didik Sugeng , Prihandoko Antonius Cahya
Published: August 2022

This study aims to develop a mathematics learning tool consisting of a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP), Student Worksheet (LKS), and a Computational Thinking Test (CT Test) using the Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) learning model with a Realistic approach. Mathematics Education (RME) which is valid, practical and effective and examines its effect on the computational thinking ability of junior high school students. This research combines development research (R&D) and experimental research. Data collection techniques in this study used interviews, observation of student activities, observation of the implementation of learning devices, student response questionnaires, and learning outcomes tests in the form of CT tests. The results showed that the learning tools met the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective. The validity coefficients for lesson plans, worksheets, and CT tests were 3.80, respectively; 3.80; and 3.81. The value of practicality seen from the results of observations of the implementation of learning devices is in the very practical category with a percentage of 98%. The value of the effectiveness of learning tools shows that 92% of students are active, 98% of students respond positively to learning, and 77% of students complete learning. Based on the t-test on the results of experimental research, it was found that the SSCS model learning device with the RME approach had a significant effect on students' computational thinking abilities.
The Effect of Job Demands on Journalist Performance in Pikiran Rakyat Newspaper
Authors: Agustiani Rini Ria , Kusmayadi Ika Merdekawati , Karlinah Siti
Published: August 2022

Journalists are expected to be responsible for fulfilling the public interest in information as well as the demands of media companies. Excessive jobs could have positive and negative impacts on journalists, affecting the increase and decrease of journalists' performance. The job demands can demonstrate the performance or achievements of journalists; the higher the journalists can manage their time well; the journalist performance will increase. This study aims to confirm the sub-dimensional pictures of the variables of job demands and performance of journalists and whether job demands significantly affect the performance of journalists. The method used in this research is quantitative with descriptive analysis and verification. Analytical techniques are used to validate tests, reliability, normality, autocorrelation, and heterodedensity. The hypotheses test uses a simple regression linear test, signification partial (t statistical test), and determination. As a result, the researchers concluded: 1) The work demands of the Pikiran Rakyat Newspaper Journalists did not stress the journalists, and the workload and the work environment were considered good. The demands of work also do not affect the performance of journalists, so the quality of writing, quantity, timeliness, effectiveness, and independence are classified as good. 2) There is a significant positive effect of about 50.7% between the influence of Job Demands on the Performance of Journalists in the Pikiran Rakyat Newspaper. This means that the demands of work do not affect nor make the performance of journalists decrease. However, intrinsic and extrinsic factors can affect the decline of journalists' performance.
Mujeres y dictadura: análisis de prácticas universitarias en el sitio de memoria El Bichicuí (La Plata) desde una perspectiva etnográfica
Authors: Domínguez María Cecilia Luz
Published: August 2022

Este artículo trata la interrelación entre las temáticas de género y las memorias, con base en el análisis de un conjunto de experiencias vinculadas a las prácticas de formación de estudiantes universitarios en el sitio de memoria El Bichicuí de la ciudad de La Plata, Argentina. Este lugar funcionó durante la última dictadura argentina como “casa operativa” de la organización político-armada Montoneros. El objetivo es el análisis de las prácticas de memorias a través de las cuales estudiantes, docentes, gestores y gestoras del espacio narran, evocan y reconstruyen las experiencias de mujeres que vivieron hechos de violencia durante la última dictadura argentina. A partir de una aproximación metodológica etnográfica se pudo acceder —con el análisis de entrevistas y observaciones participantes— al conjunto de sentidos y representaciones sociales que articulan pasado y presente. Destaca del análisis el abordaje de las memorias de las mujeres en relación con diversas dimensiones, entre otros: los lazos de familiaridad, los roles sociales de género, la militancia y la lucha armada. Entre estos sujetos sociales se desarrollan consensos y disputas intersubjetivas e intergeneracionales en torno a los sentidos que cobran las experiencias de las mujeres en el pasado en relación con el contexto sociocultural y político de sus presentes.
Resposta da pressão arterial pós-exercício e seus fatores associados
Authors: Ferreira Laryssa Marques , Silva Sanderson Soares da , Sousa Laura da Cunha , Costa Rosiane Gomes Lima , Maranhão Rosselini de Sousa , Souza Alesandra Araújo de
Published: August 2022

Introdução: Na Academia da Cidade os hipertensos realizam exercício físico diariamente, mas pouco trabalhos tratam sobre o comportamento da pressão arterial (PA) nesses espaços. Outra lacuna refere-se aos fatores preditores da resposta pressórica. Objetivo: investigar o comportamento da pressão arterial e analisar os fatores preditores durante o exercício físico. Métodos: estudo observacional, realizado de dezembro de 2018, janeiro e fevereiro de 2019. Dezesseis hipertensos (58.8±15.3 anos), praticantes de exercício em Academia da Cidade. A PA e frequência cardíaca foram verificadas antes e depois de cada sessão de exercício. A variabilidade da frequência cardíaca foi avaliada em dezembro. Para análise foram usados ANOVA de uma via e regressão linear. Resultados: PA sistólica (PAS) de repouso não reduziu entre os meses de observação. PA diastólica (PAD) de repouso reduziu entre dezembro e janeiro (79.3±9.7mmHg para 73.0±7.1mmHg, p=0.02, D de Cohen=0.77). Em dezembro, para a PAS pós-treinamento, o SDNN (β: 1.6, 95%IC: 0.3 - 0.6, p=0.0), RMSSD (β: -2.0, 95%IC: -2.3 - -1.5, p=0.0) e PAS pré-exercício (β: 0.6, 95%IC:0.3 – 0.8, p= 0.0) foram preditoras. Para a PAD pós-exercício, o LF/HF (β: -0.9, 95%IC: -4.2 - -0.8, p=0.0) e a PAD pré-exercício (β: 0.8, 95%IC: 0.4 – 1.4, p=0.0) foram preditoras. Demais relações foram observadas entre janeiro e fevereiro. Conclusão: apenas a PAD reduziu significantemente. Variáveis do sistema nervoso autônomo, pressão arterial sistólica ou diastólica pré-exercício e frequência cardíaca durante o treino predizem o comportamento da pressão arterial pós-exercício.
The role of vitamin D receptor agonist on podocyte injury induced by high glucose
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Guo Jia
Published: August 2022

Background

The effects of vitamin D receptor (VDR) agonist paricalcitol on the podocyte injury induced by high glucose (HG) were investigated in conditioned immortalized mouse podocytes (MPC-5).

Methods

(1) Grouped according to different glucose concentrations: normal group (NG): 5.6 mmol/L glucose; HG stimulation group: 25 mmol/L glucose (25HG); high osmotic control group (NG+M): 5.6 mmol/L glucose + 19.4 mmol/L D-mannitol. The expression levels of VDR, podocyte marker proteins podocin, nephrin and mesenchymal marker proteins α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP9) in MPC-5 were measured, respectively. (2) Effect of VDR agonist-paricalcitol on podocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by HG: cultured podocytes are divided into NG group, NG with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) group (NG+D), NG with paricalcitol (0.1 μmol/L) group (NG+P), HG group, HG with DMSO group (HG+D), and HG with paricalcitol (0.1 μmol/L) group (HG+P). The expression levels of VDR, podocyte marker proteins, marker proteins of mesenchymal cells, and the albumin flow in each group were then detected.

Results

(1) Under HG conditions, the expressions of VDR, podocin, and nephrin were decreased, while the expressions of α-SMA and MMP9 were increased (allP< 0.05). After administration of paricalcitol, the levels of VDR, podocin, and nephrin were increased, while the expressions of α-SMA and MMP9 were decreased compared with the control groups (allP< 0.05). (2) The results of albumin flow showed that the albumin flow of podocytes increased under the condition of HG, while it decreased after the treatment of paricalcitol.

Conclusion

The podocyte injury induced by HG could be partly rescued by Paricalcitol.
Role of Double Balloon Enteroscopy in the Diagnosis of Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Aziz Segal Abdul , Makmun Dadang
Published: August 2022

Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) is bleeding in the digestive tract which persist or recur and with unclear aetiology. OGIB is one of the important problems in the gastrointestinal field due to difficulty in diagnosing the aetiology and determining the source of digestive tract bleeding in patients. In diagnosing the cause of OGIB, clinical approach through history taking and physical examination still have important roles. Most of the sources of bleeding in OGIB is from the small intestine, which cannot be reached by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) or colonoscopy. Therefore, role of diagnostic tool which is able to perform total enteroscopy becomes important in diagnosing the cause of OGIB.Double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) technique is a safe endoscopy procedure which may use oral or even rectal approach. In finding the cause of OGIB, where most of the lesions is found in the proximal region of the small intestine, oral approach is more beneficial. When bleeding is not found after conventional endoscopy is performed, it needs to be suspected that the source might come from the small intestine. Currently, the two main modalities which can be used in the evaluation are video capsule endoscopy (VCE) and DBE. However, based on cost effectiveness DBE without prior VCE has benefit because it can also administer therapy in the abnormalities being found. Keywords: obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, endoscopy, diagnosis, double balloon enteroscopy
Reactivation of Hepatitis B Infection During the Cause of Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma Chemotherapy
Authors: H Diana Jeni , Mustika Syifa
Published: August 2022

Hepatitis due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation after cytotoxic or immunosuppressive therapy is a serious cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Frequently used combination regimens in Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunomycin (adriamycin), vincristine (oncovin), and prednison (CHOP). The use of rituximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting CD20 antigen present in benign and malignant B-cells, in combination with systemic chemotherapy has resulted in an improved duration of remission and survival for this patients. Rituximab is a HBV reactivation risk factor even greater than corticosteroids in a series of patients with lymphoma treated with combined-modality treatment (CMT).A 43 years old female patient who already diagnosed with Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, came with chief complain nausea and vomiting for three weeks. The patient recently got hospitalized with icteric and known have positive HBsAg. She received chemotherapy rituximab CHOP (R-CHOP) for four times and got rituximab in the last chemotherapy. Previously she had icteric and increased liver function test. After exclude other possibility causes this symptom and sign, it was concluded this is HBV reactivation. The chemotherapy was postponed until this reactivation of hepatitis B resolved and start giving lamivudine two weeks before reintroduce chemotherapy.Keywords: antiviral treatment, chemotherapy, hepatitis B virus, reactivation
Mirizzi Syndrome in Gallstone Complication
Authors: Perbowo Ario , Makmun Dadang
Published: August 2022

Mirizzi syndrome is a rare complication of gallstone which is characterized by the presence of gallstone impaction in cystic duct that leads to inflammatory stricture in the biliary duct and results in obstructive jaundice. In this report, we highlighted the diagnostic approach and management of Mirizzi syndrome in a 58 year-old male complaining of nausea, vomiting, and appearing jaundice. The role of imaging such as abdominal ultrasonography in depicting the characteristics of Mirizzi syndrome was also discussed and compared the findings with the classification of the disease in the literature. In this patient, Mirizzi syndrome was suspected by the appearance acoustic shadow in the gallbladder with dilated cystic duct suggesting the impaction of common bile duct (CBD). We performed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) as both diagnostic and therapeutic modalities by which we allowed sphingterectomy to evacuate the gallstone. However, due to the risk of further stone evacuation, the procedure was followed by elective cholecystectomy. Keywords: gallstone, Mirizzi syndrome, complication
Conformity between Ileoscopy Appearance with Terminal Ileum Histopathology Appearance in Normal Colonoscopy Chronic Diarrhea Patients
Authors: Marki Indra , Syam Ari Fahrial , Hasan Irsan
Published: August 2022

Background: Chronic diarrhea is one of the most common problem in gastroenterology cases. Ileoscopy is one of the modalities to determine the etiology of chronic diarrhea by normal colonoscopy appearance. Recently, there is still controversy in the need of this examination in normal macroscopic appearance. The aim of this study is to study the conformity of histopathology abnormalities with ileoscopy appearance in chronic diarrhea patients with normal colonoscopy.Methods: This study uses cross sectional study design by collecting 60 medical record data in several hospitals in Jakarta in the period of 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2011. Diagnostic test between ileoscopy and histopathology is performed by histopathology examination as a gold standard.Results: Study results revealed conformity between both examinations for 93.33%. Sensitivity value of ileoscopy examination compared to histopathology as a gold standard was 94%, specificity 90%, positive predictive value 97.9%, and negative predictive value 75%.Conclusion: Ileoscopy examination in chronic diarrhea patients and normal colonoscopy showed similar results with histopathology examination. Keywords: Ileoscopy, histopathology, conformity, chronic diarrhea
Soy Infant and Extensively Hydrolyzed Formula as Therapeutic Formula for Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy
Authors: Reynaldo Aldo , Hegar Badriul
Published: August 2022

Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is a food allergy mostly suffered by children aged 3 years that can be mediated by IgE or non-IgE or both. The prevalence of CMPA in children is heterogeneous between populations. Meta-analysis study showed that the prevalence was 2-3% in infants and 1% in children aged 6 years.  Although the prevalence is quite small but proper management is very important because it affects the quality of life of children and to avoid the risk of anaphylactic reaction that threatens life. Therapy for CMPA is to avoid cow's milk protein and its derivatives; it is also recommended for breast-feeding mothers to do the same. Therapeutic milk formulas that can be given is extensively hydrolyzed formula (eHF) or soy infant formula (SIF). The selection of formula became adebate, especially about the safety, effectiveness and cost.               Keywords: cow milk protein allergy, soy infant formula, extensively hydrolyzed formula
Role of Phytopharmacy as Hepatoprotector in Chronic Hepatitis
Authors: Herlianto Budi , Mustika Syifa , - Supriono - , Pratomo Bogi , Achmad Harijono
Published: August 2022

Background: Hepatitis is one of the health problems in Indonesia that require special treatment, in line with the increase of morbidity and mortality rate of this disease. Complications of hepatitis include liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Indonesia, as a tropical country, has many medicinal plants that act as hepatoprotector, a substance that can protect liver from toxic agent. Use of medicinal plants is still considered as controversial treatment because there is still lack of studies. Medicinal plants with mix composition of phytopharmacy, such as: Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Arcangelesia flava, Nigella sativa, and Kleinhovia hospita show potency as hepatoprotector. The objective of this study is to analyse the function of phytopharmacy as hepatoprotector in chronic hepatitis.Method: This study is a clinical trial performed in the Gastroenterology Department and Outpatient Clinic in Saiful Anwar Hospital in May-June 2013. Chronic hepatitis B or C patients who have received antiviral therapy with 3 fold increase of the threshold value of transaminase level, were included in this study. In this study, patients consumed phytopharmacy tablet 3 times per day. After 7 days of treatment, patients’ serum transaminase levels (ALT and AST) were re-assessed. Statistical analysis of before and after treatment data was performed using Wilcoxon test and the result was significant with p 0.05.Results: From 10 patients, the average age was 50.3 years old. Sixty percent (60%) of them were male, with 50% suffered from chronic hepatitis B and the other 50% suffered from chronic hepatitis C. From this study, decrement of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) after seven days of treatment were 45.06%, with p = 0.007 and 48.63%, with p = 0.007, respectivelyConclusion: Phytopharmacy supplementation in chronic hepatitis can decrease serum transaminase, however further study is needed. Keywords: chronic hepatitis, phytopharmacy, ALT, AST, hepatoprotector
Current Prevention and Management of Non Steroid Anti Inflammatory Drugs Associated Gastroenteropathy
Authors: Ari Fransiscus , Makmun Dadang
Published: August 2022

Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most frequently used drugs to treat inflammation and are used almost in the whole world. However, NSAID is one of the important causes of gastroenteropathy development. NSAIDs enteropathy is frequently undetected because most of them are asymptomatic and required sophisticated examinations to diagnose. Not only non-selective cyclo-oxygenases (COX) inhibitor that can cause NSAID gastropathy, but selective COX-2 inhibitors may also cause gastrointestinal complications. NSAID gastroenteropathy require further evaluation and it may differ between patients.Currently, there is no effective treatment available to treat gastrointestinal damage associated with NSAIDs administration. Identification of protective factors in gastrointestinal complication due to NSAIDs use is still a serious challenge. In this review, we will discuss the effect of NSAID administration towards gastrointestinal system, also the prevention and management strategies.Keywords: non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, gastroenteropathy, COX inhibitor, prevention, treatment
Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Transmission in Pregnancy
Authors: Praptiwi Dwi Rahayu NL , Sanityoso Andri
Published: August 2022

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a serious health problem in many countries, particularly in developing countries. In Asia-Pacific region, vertical transmission from mother to child is the main endemicity factor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Almost 50% cases of hepatitis B virus infection happen during perinatal and neonatal period, including vertical transmission from mother to child during pregnancy.World Health Organization (WHO), World Gastroenterology Organization (WGO) and many countries have recommended immunoprophylaxis by the administration of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIg) to prevent transmission from mother to child. However, there are approximately 10-15% babies born from mother with hepatitis B infected by HBV through intrauterine transmission. Incidence of intrauterine transmission is accounted for around 43-50% if DNA of HBV in the mother is more than 107 copies/mL, although passive and active immunization to the baby has been administered. Therefore, administering antiviral drugs in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B accompanied by immunoprophylaxis is effective in preventing hepatitis B infection transmission during pregnancy, particularly in decreasing the number of virus and administering active or even passive immunization to neonates. Keywords: hepatitis B, pregnancy, prevention, transmission
Blood Transfusion Strategy in Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding: Liberal or Restrictive
Authors: Madina Ummi Ulfah , Abdullah Murdani
Published: August 2022

Gastrointestinal tract bleeding is an emergency problem, which is frequently found. The manifestations of gastrointestinal tract bleeding vary, ranging from massive bleeding which is life threatening until occult bleeding that is not sensed by the patient. One of the main objectives in the management of gastrointestinal tract bleeding is stabilizing patient’s hemodynamic, either by using infusion of crystalloid, colloid, or even with the administration of blood transfusion. In massive gastrointestinal tract bleeding, administration of red blood cells transfusion may be life saving. However, in cases where bleeding is not profuse, the safest and most effective blood transfusion strategy is still controversial. Until now, there is no trial that gives information regarding safety and effectiveness of liberal or restrictive transfusion strategy in lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding. However, for most patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, with or without portal hypertension, it is better to postpone blood transfusion until the hemoglobin level decrease to less than 7 g/dL.Keywords: gastrointestinal tract bleeding, blood transfusion, liberal, restrictive
Chronic Radiation Proctosigmoiditis in Patients with Cervical Cancer
Authors: - Juliyanti , Makmun Dadang
Published: August 2022

Complications in rectum and sigmoid due to radiation are usually called radiation proctosigmoiditis. It can be acute or chronic based on the onset of symptoms during radiation treatment. There are some treatment modalities aimed for reducing rectosigmoid bleeding and improving symptoms of chronic radiation proctosigmoiditis, which include medication, endoscopy and surgery. Most data about the effectiveness of those various modalities are provided by short-term studies with small sample size.A female patient, 59 years old, came with a chief complaint of passing persistent fresh bright red bloody stool since 1 year before admission. The patient was then diagnosed with stage IIIB cervical cancer and she received 25 times of external radiation, 3 times of internal radiation and 3 times of chemotherapy.  She was diagnosed with chronic radiation proctosigmoiditis and treatment to stop the bleeding was carried out by performing argon plasma coagulation through colonoscopy. The problems in the patient were formulated as chronic radiation proctosigmoiditis with malnutrition and iron deficiency anemia due to chronic bleeding. Non-pharmacological and pharmacological medications were administered.Keywords: radiation proctosigmoiditis, argon plasma coagulation, medication
Gut Microbiota in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Wisaksana Rudi , Darmawan Guntur , Agustanti Nenny , Girawan Dolvy
Published: August 2022

Human microbiota, majority presents in human gastrointestinal tract, plays crucial role in body physiological functions, such as immune system. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection impairs gut barrier and alter the microbiota ecosystem, called dysbiosis. Different phase of HIV infection demonstrates different composition of gut microbiota. Antiretroviral treatment might improve the CD4 level, however, it inconsistently restore the gut ecosystem. Some studies in prebiotic and probiotic revealed the potential effect in reducing inflammation and restoring gut microbiota.
Survival of Pancreatic Cancer Patients in Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital Jakarta from November 2018 To December 2018
Authors: Renaldi Kaka , Fatya Atikah Isna , Sakinah Sharifah
Published: August 2022

Background: Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause for cancer deaths worldwide and its survival rate remains low. The one year- and five year-survival rate remain as low as 21% and 6-8% consecutively. Little is known about the survival rate of pancreatic cancer in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the survival rate of pancreatic cancer patients at Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center, National Referral Hospital Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, during November 2018 to December 2018.Method: This retrospective cohort study extracted the registry data of newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients between November 2018 to December 2018 from the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. All patients were followed since they were diagnosed to two months after diagnosis or 31st  December 2018 or to their date of death, whichever came first.Results: We found 12 newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer cases between November 2018 to December 2018. The mean age at diagnosis was 55 years old, with 58% male, 50% sundanese, and  75% patient come from low educated level. About 58% cases presented with cholangitis, and the mean bilirubin concentration at diagnosis was 26 mg/dL. All patient came with an obstructive jaundice symptoms, and 91% had endoscopic biliary drainage procedure. After 2 months of observation, we found 16% patient died due to unresolved infection.Conclusion: There were 12 cases of pancreatic cancer, of which 16% pancreatic cancer patients died within 2 months of follow up. Infection is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in pancreatic cancer patients.
Decreased in Liver Fibrosis in Patients with HCV/HIV Coinfection After Treatment with Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir
Authors: Jonathan Andreas , Wisaksana Rudi , Agustanti Nenny
Published: August 2022

Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection increases the progression of liver fibrosis to advanced liver disease and death. The aim of this study is to determine whether decreased of liver fibrosis occur in HCV/HIV coinfection patients after therapy with Sofosbuvir/daclatasvir. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental study design without a control group. The study subjects were HCV/HIV coinfection patients who received Sofosbuvir / daclatasvir therapy in the Gastroentero-Hepatology Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital. In this study measurement of liver fibrosis was carried out by using AST to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 Index (FIB-4) before therapy and when SVR-24 was achieved.Results: The study involved 29 subjects. Most of the research subjects were men, with an average age of 40.38 years (SD 3.48). From the results of this study, we found a decrease in APRI scores and FIB-4 index when HCV / HIV coinfection patients, that were treated with Sofosbuvir/ Daclatasvir, achieved SVR 24. The median of APRI scores before therapy and after SVR-24 was decreased from 0.41 to 0.28 (95% CI: 0.01 - 0.23, p-value 0,01) and the median of FIB-4 Index before therapy and after the SVR 24 was decreased from 0.94 to 0.81 (95% CI: -0, 04 - 0.35, p-value 0.28).Conclusion: This study concluded that therapy using Sofosbuvir / Daclatasvir in HCV / HIV coinfected patients has very good effectiveness and can reduce liver fibrosis.
Sex-specific Differences in Response to First-line Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy with vonoprazan, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin
Authors: Kajihara Yusaku
Published: August 2022

Background: Although gender medicine has been promoted in medical research and patient care, limited information is available on sex-specific differences in response to first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Therefore, this retrospective study investigated sex-specific differences in response to first-line H. pylori eradication therapy with vonoprazan, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin.Method: The study included 314 patients who received vonoprazan-based triple therapy (20 mg vonoprazan, 750 mg amoxicillin, and 200 or 400 mg clarithromycin; twice daily for 7 days) as first-line H. pylori eradication therapy at Fuyoukai Murakami Hospital from March 1, 2015, to April 30, 2019. First-line eradication rates were determined by intention-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses. Sex-specific differences in the rate of drug-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were also monitored. Fisher’s exact test was used for identifying sex-specific differences.Results: First-line eradication rates were 95% in ITT and PP analyses regardless of sex, without significant sex-specific differences [ITT analyses: males 95.3% (203/213) vs. females 96.0% (97/101), p = 1.0; PP analyses: males 95.3% (203/213) vs. females 96.0% (95/99), p = 1.0]. However, the rate of drug-related TEAEs was significantly higher in females than in males [males 4.2% (9/213) vs. females 17.8% (18/101), p 0.001]. In particular, skin rash occurred only in females [males 0% (0/213) vs. females 10.9% (11/101), p 0.00001].Conclusion: Females experienced more drug-related TEAEs than males during first-line H. pylori eradication therapy with vonoprazan-based triple therapy. In particular, skin rash was observed only in females.
Clinical Utility of Quantitative Hbsag in Chronic Hepatitis B Infection
Authors: Setiawan Poernomo Boedi , Maimunah Ummi , Zein Khairu
Published: August 2022

The prevalence of hepatitis B infection in Indonesia is still alarming, while its therapies cannot eradicate the virus and only aim for long term viral suppression. HBsAg quantification has become an emphasis on researches, regarding its capacity to identify the natural history of hepatitis B virus infection and predict the outcome of therapies. This review aims to determine the clinical role of HBsAg in chronic hepatitis B infection by reviewing textbooks, journal articles, and review articles without language restriction. This review finds that HBsAg is capable of predicting degrees of liver fibrosis severity in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Furthermore, HBsAg quantification can be used to distinguish inactive carriers from patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. The decrease of HBsAg is a good predictor of HBsAg loss, and it denotes discontinuation of nucleoside/nucleotide analog therapy. HBsAg quantification is also used in combined PEG-IFN and nucleoside/nucleotide analog therapy. Nevertheless, this role is still controversial. Additionally, HBsAg cannot replace the major roles of HBV DNA measurement in therapy management. Using either HBsAg or HBV DNA in therapy algorithm decreases its predictive value, hence recommendation to use both. In identifying patients with occult hepatitis B infection (OBI), HBV DNA still cannot be replaced by HBsAg quantification. Furthermore, HBsAg quantification may not be a good predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with OBI. Future studies are expected to demonstrate the role of HBsAg in current hepatitis B therapy and also future therapies.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun Anggaran 2018-2020
Authors: Rizqi Amalia Hilda , Yudha Pratiwi Berlina
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of the Banyuwangi Regency Government in 2018 to 2020 using financial ratio analysis. This research design uses descriptive qualitative. The population and samples taken are the 2018-2020 Banyuwangi Regional Government Financial Reports. Data were obtained by means of documentation, and literature study. The results show that the financial performance of the Banyuwangi Regency Government in the ratio analysis of the degree of decentralization in 2018-2020 shows less. In the analysis of the ratio of regional financial dependence in 2018-2020 is very high. In the analysis of the ratio of regional financial independence in 2018-2020 it is very low. In the analysis of the effectiveness ratio of regional original income (PAD) the average 2018-2020 shows less effective. In the 2018–2020 PAD efficiency analysis, it is very efficient. In the analysis of the compatibility ratio for 2018–2020, it shows that the amount of funds owned for operating expenses is 78.84% while operating expenses is 20.06%. The analysis of the growth ratio in 2018-2020 is fluctuating.
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Banyuwangi pada tahun 2018 sampai 2020 dengan menggunakan analisis rasio keuangan. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Populasi dan sampel yang diambil adalah Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten banyuwangi 2018-2020. Data diperoleh dengan cara dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja keuangan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Banyuwangi pada analisis rasio derajat desentralisasi tahun 2018–2020 menunjukkan kurang. Pada analisis rasio ketergantungan keuangan daerah tahun 2018 – 2020 sangat tinggi. Pada analisis rasio kemandirian keuangan daerah tahun 2018–2020 rendah sekali. Pada analisis rasio efektivitas pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) rata-rata tahun 2018-2020 menunjukkan kurang efektif. Pada analisis efisiensi PAD tahun 2018–2020 sangat efisien. Pada analisis rasio keserasian tahun 2018–2020 menunjukkan bahwa besar dana yang dimiliki untuk belanja operasi sebesar 78,84% sedangkan belanja operasi 20,06%. Analisis rasio pertumbuhan tahun 2018–2020 bersifat fluktuatif.
Analisis Volume Saham Pada Saat Covid-19 Menggunakan Metode Regresi Dengan Teknik Imputasi
Authors: Adi Setiawan Adi Setiawan , Mubarak Fadhlul
Published: August 2022

PT. Bintang Mitra Semestaraya Tbk is a subsidiary engaged in investment and trading. The company started as an investment company investing in real estate companies in developing basic housing projects, mid-range residential projects and companies developing commercial buildings. This study aims to determine the volume of shares in the company PT. Bintang Mitra Semestaraya Tbk during the Covid-19 pandemic. The stock data is simulated from 2020, 2021 and 2022 in daily form. This research only focuses on discussing the movement of stock values ​​during the Covid-19 pandemic and looking for some data related to Missing Value (missing or incomplete data) in the company's stock data using the imputation method. The correlation between data variables in simulations 1-8 as a whole has a significant correlation with the percentage of truth/trust in this study of 95%. Furthermore, in the regression model, the best model is seen from the parameter data, the smallest RSE is in simulation 6 and the largest RSE is in simulation 3
 
PT. Bintang Mitra Semestaraya Tbk adalah anak perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang investasi dan perdagangan. Perusahaan tersebut dimulai sebagai perusahaan investasi yang berinvestasi di perusahaan real estat dalam mengembangkan proyek perumahan dasar, proyek perumahan kelas menengah dan perusahaan yang mengembangkan bangunan komersial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui volume saham pada perusahaan PT. Bintang Mitra Semestaraya Tbk di masa pandemi Covid-19. Data saham tersebut disimulasikan dari tahun 2020, 2021 dan 2022 dalam bentuk harian. Penelitian ini hanya berfokus membahas tentang pergerakan nilai saham selama masa pandemi Covid-19 dan mencari beberapa data terkait Missing Value (data hilang atau tidak lengkap) yang ada pada data saham perusahaan tersebut menggunakan metode imputasi. Korelasi antara variabel data pada simulasi 1-8 secara keseluruhan memiliki korelasi yang signifikan dengan persentase kebenaran/kepercayaan dalam penelitian ini sebesar 95%. Selanjutnya pada model regresi terdapat model terbaik yang dilihat dari data parameter RSE terkecil berada pada simulasi 6 dan RSE terbesar berada pada simulasi 3
The Role of Panoramic Radiographs in Determining The Preprosthetic Treatment During Denture Fabrication - A Case Report
Authors: Fitria Ivony , Gunawan Gunawan
Published: August 2022

Background: The success of a removable denture can be determined by the good support of the mucosa and alveolar bone that underlies a denture. Visually and tactilely in the oral examination could not provide adequate information about the condition of the tissue under the submucosa. A panoramic radiograph can show anatomical considerations that influence the fabrication of a removable denture. Therefore, a panoramic radiograph of the patient can help reveal anomalous or pathological conditions in the patient's oral cavity. Purpose: To describe the importances of panoramic radiograph to identify lesions that are not clinically visible in the oral. Case: This article reports a patient with complaints of discomfort in the previous denture. On clinical examination found a prominance on the lower jaw in the left side of the mandible and it was pain on palpation. The patient was referred to radiology for a panoramic radiograph. From this panoramic radiograph, a suspected complex odontoma was found in the lower left posterior region. The patient was immediately referred to the Oral Surgery department for surgery. Conclusion: Panoramic radiographs play an important role in helping to establish a diagnosis of tissue that is not visible during clinical examination. This case demonstrates that with the aid of radiology, a preprosthetic treatment plan can be established to prepare the supporting tissue for removable dentures.
Hubungan Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) dengan Status Gizi Anak Usia 36-71 Bulan di Paud Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Noviani Sherly Elsya , Pujiastuty Arymbi , Symod Denas
Published: August 2022

Background: Children with severe early childhood caries (s-ecc) will experience pain and difficulty chewing. S-ecc causes a deficiency in dietary intake and may become malnourished. Purpose: this study was aimed to know the relationship between severe early childhood caries (s-ecc) with nutritional status of chilldren at the age of 36-71 months in PAUD of Puskesmas Mandiangin, Mandiangin Koto Selayan district, Bukittinggi City. Method: obsevational analytics with cross sectional approach. The sample size was 56 children aged 36-71 months with def-t criteria ≥ 4 and selected by consecutive sampling method. S-ECC was measured using pufa index and nutritional status was measured using IMT / U. Results: the overall mean def-t children with s-ecc 7.77%. Children with positive pufa were 66.1% and those with 48.2% malnutrition status. As many as 62.2% of children with (s-ecc) positive pufa have malnutrition status. The result of statistical test using Chi-Square obtained p value = 0,008. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between severe early childhood caries (s-ecc) with nutritional status and children with positive pufa are more at risk of malnutrition status.
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN E-LEARNING TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA SMP AL-ISLAH SURABAYA SELAMA COVID-19
Authors: Nur Fakky Fahrisal , Junjunan Mochammad Ilyas , Muflihin Mohammad Dliyaul , Muttaqin Muh. Syaukin
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn 2020 the Indonesian ministry of education and culture decided to implement online learning activities in Indonesia, initially offline learning activities were changed to online learning activities due to avoid the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implementation of e-learning on students' learning motivation in schools in learning activities. This type of research uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to 8th-grade students at SMP Al-Islah Surabaya. A total of 55 students participated as research respondents. The results showed that the implementation of e-learning had a positive effect on students' learning motivation at Al-Islah Junior High School Surabaya. This shows evidence that the existence of learning that innovates because of the pressure of the situation still gives hope to educational institutions to continue to improve the quality and service of education to the community under any conditions. The limitation of this study is that it has a sample that is not large enough, so the results of the study cannot be fully generalized. And the opportunity for further research is to increase the research sample and develop research variables that become factors of student learning motivation such as the availability of information technology and teacher creativity innovation. Keywords: e-learning; COVID-19; learning motivation  AbstrakPada tahun 2020 Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Indonesia memutuskan untuk memberlakukan kegiatan belajar mengajar secara daring di Indonesia, pada awalnya kegiatan belajar mengajar bersifat luring diubah menjadi secara daring dikarenakan untuk menghindari penyebaran pandemic COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh implementasi pembelajaran secara e-learning terhadap motivasi belajar siswa di sekolah dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada siswa kelas 8 di SMP Al-Islah Surabaya. Sebanyak 55 siswa berpartisipasi menjadi responden penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pembelajaran e-learning berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi belajar siswa di SMP Al-Islah Surabaya. Hal ini menunjukkan bukti bahwa keberadaan pembelajaran yang berinovasi karena desakan keadaan masih memberikan harapan kepada lembaga pendidikan untuk tetap meningkatkan kualitas dan pelayanan pendidikan kepada masyarakat dalam kondisi apapun. Keterbatasan penelitian ini adalah memiliki sampel yang tidak cukup besar, sehingga hasil penelitian belum bisa sepenuhnya di generalisasi. Dan peluang bagi penelitian selanjutnya adalah memperbanyak sampel penelitian dan mengembangkan variabel penelitian yang menjadi faktor motivasi belajar siswa seperti ketersediaan teknologi informasi dan inovasi kreativitas guru. Kata kunci: e-learning; COVID-19; motivasi belajar