bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Science communication in the international auxiliary language Esperanto
Authors: Rossi Loïc
Published: July 2021

First published in 1887 by Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof, Esperanto is the most successful constructed language, with speakers all around the globe and even native speakers.The relationship between Esperanto and science starts very early: the scientific journal Internacia Scienca Revuo was created in 1904 and the International Esperantist Science Association (ISAE) was founded in 1907 (Wera Blanke, Scienca Revuo 206, 2006). Many publications and books about scientific topics have since been written or translated in Esperanto. Esperanto has initially been envisioned as a lingua franca to be used in international communication, both in general and for scientific purposes. While English has since taken this role, there is still a desire to maintain and develop the scientific culture and the related terminology in Esperanto. Science outreach is one way to achieve this goal, and new projects have appeared in the last few years.Esperanto represents an interesting challenge for outreach : being a more neutral language, not related to a specific country or ethnic group, the community of speakers (albeit small) is by essence more international and more diverse than in national languages. This is an opportunity, but also comes with some difficulties.In this work, I’ll discuss the advantages and obstacles of communicating science in Esperanto. I’ll present various projects of science communication in Esperanto, with a focus on my personal experience with my YouTube channel D-ro Loĉjo, where I do videos about science and in particular about planetary science.
Lunar Surface Change Detection with PyNAPLE: The 2017-09-27 Lunar Impact Flash and Impact Crater
Authors: Sheward Daniel , Cook Anthony , Avdellidou Chrysa , Delbo Marco , Cantarella Bruno , Zanatta Luigi , Sposetti Stefano , Lena Rafaello
Published: July 2021

AbstractOn 2017-09-27 at 18:56:12 UT a large meteoroid impacted the lunar surface, causing an impact flash with a duration of 1.12 seconds. Using Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera images, and the PyNAPLE (Python NAC Automatic Pair Lunar Evaluator) software pipeline, the resultant crater was identified. The crater is located at latitude φ= 8.0288, longitude λ = -76.546, approximately 14km east of the crater Glushko. The asymmetrical morphology of the ejecta blanket indicates the direction of impact was from the south, and impacting incidence angle was
Investigating exospheric Na distributions at different spatial scales to disentangle between single and double peaked global patterns
Authors: Alberti Tommaso , Moroni Martina , Milillo Anna , Mangano Valeria , Mura Alessandro , Massetti Stefano , Orsini Stefano , Plainaki Christina , Aronica Alessandro , De Angelis Elisabetta , Kazakov Adrian , Noschese Raffaella , Rispoli Rosanna , Sordini Roberto , Vertolli Nello
Published: July 2021

Since mid ‘80s the Na exosphere of Mercury has been investigated by means of both ground-based observations and spacecraft measurements, showing a wide range of variability from tens of minutes up to seasonal variations along the planetary orbit. It has been shown that the most common Na distribution is characterized by a high latitude double peak probably related to solar wind ion precipitation through the polar cusps. However, the existence of a single peaked equatorial Na emission has been frequently observed too. Generally, it is not straightforward to recognize the contributions due to different surface release processes that produces the observed Na exospheric global image.Here we apply the Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition (MEMD) to a dataset of images of the exospheric Na emission collected by the THEMIS ground-based telescope with the goal to disentangle the different contributions operating at different scales that are expected to be responsible of the occurrence of single vs. double peaked emissions or exospheric asymmetries. In particular, we found the existence of a wide range of scales characterizing both type of spatial patterns, ranging from small scales (less than 0.5 Mercury radii) up to large scales (about 1-2 Mercury radii). These scale-dependent patterns can be linked to different source mechanisms as the variability of solar wind magnetic field, different surface release mechanisms (thermal desorption, photon-stimulated desorption, micrometeoroid impact vaporization and ion-sputtering), as well as, to the whole Na exosphere surrounding the Hermean environment. Our conclusions are double checked by applying the MEMD both on Na exospheric measurements and on simulations of the Na exosphere as created by the different source mechanisms. The positive results show the great potential of the MEMD technique to study the complex environment of planetary exospheres and recognize the different components/processes that create it.
Venus internal structure and global deformation
Authors: Saliby Christelle , Fienga Agnes , Spada Giorgio , Melini Daniele , Memin Anthony
Published: July 2021

Tidal forces acting on a planet cause a deformation and mass redistribution in its interior, involving surface motions and variation in the gravity field, which may be observed in geodetic experiments. The change in the gravitational field of the planet, due to the influence of an external gravity field, described primarily by its tidal Love number k of degree 2 (denoted by k2) can be observed from analysis of a spacecraft radio tracking. The planet’s deformation is linked to its internal structure, most effectively to its density and rigidity. Hence the tidal Love number k2 can be theoretically approximated for different planetary models, which means comparingÂ the observed and theoretical calculation of k2 of a planet is a window to its internal structure.The terrestrial planet Venus is reminiscent of the Earth twin planet in size and density, which leads to the assumption that the Earth and Venus have similar internal structures. In this work, with a Venus we investigate the structure and elastic parameters of the planet’s major layers to calculate its frequency dependent tidal Love number k2. The calculation of k2 is done with ALMA, a Fortran 90 program by Spada [2008] for computing the tidal and load Love numbers using the Post-Widder Laplace inversion formula. We test the effect of different parameters in the Venus model (as a layer’s density, rigidity, viscosity and thickness) on the tidal Love numbers k2 and different linear and non-linear combinations of k2 andh2 (as the tidal Love number h2 describes the radial displacement due to tidal effects).
MRI-accreting inner regions of protoplanetary discs
Authors: Jankovic Marija , Mohanty Subhanjoy , Owen James , Tan Jonathan
Published: July 2021

Short-period super-Earths and mini-Neptunes have been shown to be common, yet it is still not understood how and where inside protoplanetary discs they could have formed. To form these planets at the short periods at which they are detected, the inner regions of protoplanetary discs must be enriched in dust. Dust could accumulate in the inner disc if the innermost regions accrete via the magneto-rotational instability (MRI). We developed a model of the inner disc which includes MRI-driven accretion, disc heating by both accretion and stellar irradiation, vertical energy transport, dust opacities, dust effects on disc ionization, thermal and non-thermal sources of ionization. The inner disc is assumed to be in steady state, and the dust is assumed to be well-mixed with the gas. Using this model, we explore how various disc and stellar parameters affect the structure of the inner disc and the possibility of dust accumulation. We show that properties of dust strongly affect the size of the MRI-accreting region and whether this region exists at all. Increasing the dust-to-gas ratio increases the size of this region, suggesting that dust may accumulate in the inner disc without suppressing the MRI. Overall, conditions in the inner disc may be more favourable to planet formation earlier in the disc lifetime, while the disc accretion rate is higher.
A Full Characterisation of Stars and Planets through High Resolution Spectroscopy and 3D Simulations.
Authors: Maimone Maria Chiara , Chiavassa Andrea , Leconte Jeremy , Brogi Matteo
Published: July 2021

The study of exoplanets atmospheres is one of the most intriguing challenges in the exoplanet field nowadays and the High Resolution Spectroscopy (HRS) has recently emerged as one of the leading methods for detecting atomic and molecular species in their atmospheres (e.g., Birkby, 2018). While this technique is particularly robust against contaminant absorption in the Earth’s atmosphere, the non-stationary stellar spectrum, in the form of either Doppler shift or distortion of the line profile during planetary transits, creates a non-negligible source of noise that can alter or even prevent detection. In the last years, it has become computationally possible to simulate the stellar surface convection that, in the end, allows to correctly reproduce asymmetric and blue-shifted spectral lines due to the granulation pattern of the stellar disk, which is a very important source of uncertainties (Chiavassa & Brogi, 2019). In the context of HRS and on the planet hand side, only recently multidimensional models have been used to detect the weak planet signal in the spectrum (e.g., Flowers et al. 2019).However, these numerical simulations have been computed independently for star and planet so far, while acquired spectra are the result of the natural coupling at each phase along the planet orbit. A next step forward is needed: coupling stellar and planetary 3D models dynamics during the transit.I will present the unprecedented precise synthetic spectra obtained with the upgraded 3D radiative transfer code Optim3D (Chiavassa et al. 2009). Optim3D takes as inputs the state-of-art 3D RHD stellar simulations (Stagger code, Nordlund et al. 2009, Magic et al. 2013) and the 3D Global Climate Models (SPARC/MITgcms, Showman et al. 2009, Parmentier et al. 2021) for stars and planets respectively, coupling them at any phase along the planet orbit. I will show the impact of this new approach on the detection of molecules by cross-correlating our spectra with HRS observations (e.g., Snellen et al 2010 and Brogi et al. 2016). This approach is particularly advantageous for those molecular species that are present in both the atmospheres and form in the same region of the spectrum, resulting in mixed and overlapped spectral lines (e.g. CO and H2O, crucial to constrain the C/O ratio). Moreover, the use of 3D models provides us with information about the dynamics processes at play, such as stellar convection and planetary winds. 
The Formation of the Kilometer-sized Flows in Chryse Planitia (Mars)
Authors: Brož Petr , Hauber Ernst , Conway Susan J. , Luzzi Erica , Mazzini Adriano , Noblet Axel , Jaroš Jakub , Markonis Yannis
Published: July 2021

Introduction: High-resolution images show the presence of kilometer-sized flows (KSFs) on Mars. Most of KSFs are associated with well-known volcanic centers, hence they have been interpreted as lava flows [1,2]. However, some KSFs occur in regions where such link is not obvious and  processes related to sedimentary volcanism have been proposed as an alternative [3-7]. A remarkable example of such KSF was reported by Komatsu et al. [6,8] at the southern margin of Chryse Planitia (19.16°N; 322.71°E). Later thirty-five similar KSFs (e.g., Fig. 1a) have been observed in the region [7]. KSFs typically feature three morphological elements: a) a central depression from which channel(s) originate(s), b) leveed channel(s), c) a distal portion of the fading channel where the material is deposited forming terminal lobes.Brož et al. [7] proposed that the KSFs resulted from low viscosity mud extrusions that propagate through extensive networks of channels that gradually lose their transport energy. As initial studies were based on Context Camera (CTX) images (~5-6 m/px, [9]) and HiRISE images (~30 cm/px; [10]), they lacked topographic resolution to support these hypotheses. Currently, six KSFs are covered by HiRISE stereo pairs. Using established methods [11], we generated seven Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) with a ground sampling of 1-2 m/px to obtain additional insights about their origin.Observations: Studied KSFs show a topographically well-defined “source” area displaying circular, semicircular or elongated map-view outline (Figs. 1, 2a). Three source areas are situated on relatively flat plains and are surrounded by ~hundred(s) of meter-wide elevated rims (Fig. 2a). The other source areas are superposed on higher elevation/inclined pre-existing surfaces with laterally less extensive rims (Fig. 1). The elevation difference between source area floors and the rims ranges from 10 to 20 m. The elevation of the source area floors is the same as that of the flat plains beyond the elevated margins on which KSFs are superposed. The margins of all studied source areas are breached, enabling any extruded fluid to flow out. The presence of elevated mounds (
Enhanced Super-rotation before and during the MY34 Martian Global Dust Storm
Authors: Rajendran Kylash , Lewis Stephen R. , Holmes James A. , Streeter Paul M. , Fedorova Anna A. , Patel Manish R.
Published: July 2021

The presence of an equatorial westerly jet in a planetary atmosphere is often referred to as super-rotation. On Mars, super-rotation affects – and is affected by – the distribution of dust in the atmosphere. We used data assimilation to study the interaction between dust and the equatorial jet during the MY34 Mars global dust storm (GDS). The data assimilation scheme integrated temperature and dust retrievals from the Mars Climate Sounder aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and the Atmospheric Chemistry Suite aboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter into a numerical model of the Martian atmosphere. This created a better representation of the atmospheric state than could be achieved from the observations or the model alone.We found that super-rotation increased by a factor of two at the peak of the GDS, as compared to the same period in the previous year which did not feature a GDS. A strong westerly jet formed in the tropical lower atmosphere, and easterlies were strengthened above 60 km, as a result of momentum transport by dust-driven thermal tides. We found that the atmosphere was in a state of enhanced super-rotation even before the onset of the GDS, as a result of equatorward advection of dust from the southern mid-latitudes into the tropics. The redistribution of dust across the hemispheres resulted in a more uniform dust distribution across the tropics, leading to a symmetric Hadley cell with a tropical upwelling branch that was closely aligned to the vertical. We argue that the symmetrical circulation and enhanced super-rotation were important environmental factors that encouraged the rapid development of the MY34 GDS.
Drastic decline of floodpulse in the Cambodian floodplains (the Mekong River and the Tonle Sap system)
Authors: Chua Samuel De Xun , Lu Xi Xi , Oeurng Chantha , Sok Ty , Grundy-Warr Carl
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The Cambodian floodplains experience a yearly floodpulse that is essential to sustain fisheries and the agricultural calendar. Sixty years of data from 1960–2019 are used to track the changes to the floodpulse there. We find that minimum water levels in 2010–2019 have increased by up to 1.55 m at Kratie and maximum water levels have decreased by up to 0.79 m at Prek Kdam when compared to 1960–1991 levels, causing a reduction of the annual flood extent. Concurrently, the duration of the flooding season has decreased by about 26 days (Kompong Cham) – 40 days (Chaktomuk), with the season starting later and ending much earlier. Along the Tonle Sap River, the average annual reverse flow from the Mekong to the Tonle Sap Lake has decreased by 56.5 %, from 48.7 km3 in 1962–1972 to 31.7 km3 in 2010–2018. As a result, wet-season water levels at Tonle Sap Lake has dropped by 1.05 m in 2010–2019 since 1996–2009, corresponding to a 20.6 % shrinkage of the Lake area. In addition to known upstream contributors such as hydropower dams, two anthropogenic causes of the drastic alterations to the floodpulse are identified: irrigation and channel incision. We estimate that water withdrawal in the Cambodian floodplains is occurring at a rate of (2.1 ± 0.3) km3/yr and incision-induced water levels reduction is in the order of (0.43–1.02) m. As the floodpulse is essential for the ecological habitats, fisheries and livelihoods of the region, its reduction will pose major implications throughout the basin, from the Tonle Sap system to the Vietnamese Mekong Delta downstream.
Crushing mechanism of a mobile pellet harvester
Authors: Ge Yanyan , Su Zichao , Xiao Maohua , Kang Min , Wang Ruyi , Zeng Qin
Published: July 2021

Abstract. The treatment and utilization of straw is a considerably complex type of problem in agricultural production. A mobile pellet harvester integrates the mechanisms of picking, drying, crushing, and pelletizing, thereby solving the problem caused by the traditional method and reducing human effort and material resources. The crushing mechanism of a mobile pellet harvester was designed and studied, and the shape of the hammer slice was innovatively proposed, thereby substantially improving the
working efficiency during the crushing process. Ansys finite element
analysis software was used to perform static and dynamic analyses of the key components of the crushing mechanism (i.e., hammer slices, hammer framework, and crushing spindle). These components have sufficient rigidity, strength, and good dynamic balance to meet the working requirements of the straw pulverizer.
Idealized Simulations of Mei-yu Rainfall in Taiwan under Uniform Southwesterly Flow using A Could-Resolving Model
Authors: Wang Chung-Chieh , Chuang Pi-Yu , Chen Shi-Ting , Lee Dong-In , Tsuboki Kazuhisa
Published: July 2021

Abstract. In this study, idealized cloud-resolving simulations are performed for horizontally uniform and steady southwesterly flow at fixed direction/speed combinations to investigate rainfall characteristics and the role of the complex topography in Taiwan during the Mei-yu season, without the influence of a front or other disturbances. Eight directions (180° to 285°, every 15°) and eight speeds (5 to 22.5 m s−1, every 2.5 m s−1) are considered, and near-surface relative humidity (RH) is also altered (from 55–100 %) in a subset of these tests to further investigate the effects of moisture content, yielding a total 109 experiments each having a integration length of 50 h. Three rainfall regimes that correspond to different ranges of the wet Froude number (Frw) are identified from the idealized simulations (with a grid size of 2 km). The low-Frw regime (Frw ≤ ~0.3) where the island circulation from thermodynamic effects during daytime is the main cause of rainfall in local afternoon. The lower the wind speed (and Frw), the more widespread and amount of rainfall. On the other hand, the high-Frw regime (Frw ≥ ~0.4) occurs when the flow at least 12.5 m s−1 impinges on Taiwan terrain at a large angle to favor the flow-over scenario. Thus, topographic rainfall production becomes dominant through mechanical uplift of unstable air. In this scenario, the faster and wetter the flow, the heavier the rainfall on the windward slopes, with the most favorable direction from 240°–255°. Between the two regimes above, a third and mixed regime also exists. The idealized results are discussed for their applicability to the real atmosphere.
Assessment of centennial (1918–2019) drought features in the Campania region by historical in situ measurements (southern Italy)
Authors: Longobardi Antonia , Boulariah Ouafik , Villani Paolo
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Drought is a sustained period of below-normal water availability. It is a
recurring and worldwide phenomenon, but the Mediterranean Basin is seen as a very vulnerable environment in this perspective, and understanding historical drought conditions in this area is necessary to plan mitigation strategies to further face future climate change impacts. The current research was aimed at the description of drought conditions and evolution for the Campania region (southern Italy), assessed by the analysis of an in situ measurement database which covers a centennial period from 1918 to 2019. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) time series were reconstructed for different accumulation timescales (from 3 to 48 months) and the modified Mann–Kendall and Sen's tests were applied to identify SPI changes over time. SPI time series were mostly affected by a negative trend, significant for a very large area of the region, particularly evident for the accumulation scales longer than 12 months. Mean drought duration (MDD), severity (MDS) and peak (MDP) were furthermore investigated for both moderate (SPI ≤ −1) and extremely severe conditions (SPI ≤ −2). The accumulation scale affected the drought features, with longer duration and larger severity associated with the larger accumulation scales. Drought characteristics spatial patterns were not congruent for the different SPI timescales: if duration and severity were larger in the southern areas, peaks appeared mostly severe in the northern areas of the region. Extremely severe events were featured by shorter durations and larger severity compared to the moderate drought events but were very less frequent (over 75 % less then) and did not appear to be focused on specific areas of the region.
A harmonised instrumental earthquake catalogue for Iceland and the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Authors: Jónasson Kristján , Bessason Bjarni , Helgadóttir Ásdís , Einarsson Páll , Guðmundsson Gunnar B. , Brandsdóttir Bryndís , Vogfjörd Kristín S. , Jónsdóttir Kristín
Published: July 2021

Abstract. A comprehensive catalogue of historical earthquakes, with accurate epicentres and harmonised magnitudes is a crucial resource for seismic hazard mapping. Here we update and combine catalogues from several sources to compile a catalogue of earthquakes in and near Iceland, in the years 1900–2019. In particular the epicentres are based on local information, whereas the magnitudes are based on teleseismic observations, primarily from international online catalogues. The most reliable epicentre information comes from the catalogue of the Icelandic Meteorological Office, but this is complemented with information from several technical reports, scientific publications, and newspaper articles. The catalogue contains 1281 moment magnitude (Mw) ≥4 events, and the estimated completeness magnitude is Mw 5.5 in the first years, going down to Mw 4.5 for recent years. The largest magnitude is Mw 7.0. Such merging of local data and teleseismic catalogues has not been done before for Icelandic earthquakes, and the result is an earthquake map with much more accurate locations than earlier maps. The catalogue also lists 5640 additional earthquakes on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, north of 43∘, with both epicentres and magnitudes determined teleseismically. When moment magnitudes are not available, proxy Mw values are computed using χ2 regression, normally on the surface-wave magnitude but exceptionally on the body-wave magnitude. Magnitudes of Mw≥4.5 have associated uncertainty estimates. The actual combined seismic moment released in the Icelandic earthquakes is found to be consistent with the moment estimated using a simple plate motion model, indicating that the seismic activity of the catalogue period might be typical of any 120-year time span. The catalogue is named ICEL-NMAR, and it is available online at http://data.mendeley.com (last access: 19 July 2021).
Present-day geodynamics of the Western Alps: new insights from earthquake mechanisms
Authors: Mathey Marguerite , Sue Christian , Pagani Colin , Baize Stéphane , Walpersdorf Andrea , Bodin Thomas , Husson Laurent , Hannouz Estelle , Potin Bertrand
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Due to the low to moderate seismicity of the European Western Alps, few
focal mechanisms are available in this region to this day, and the
corresponding current seismic stress and strain fields remain partly
elusive. The development of dense seismic networks in past decades now
provides a substantial number of seismic records in the 0–5 magnitude range.
The corresponding data, while challenging to handle due to their amount and
relative noise, represent a new opportunity to increase the spatial
resolution of seismic deformation fields. The aim of this paper is to
quantitatively assess the current seismic stress and strain fields within
the Western Alps, from a probabilistic standpoint, using new seismotectonic
data. The dataset comprises more than 30 000 earthquakes recorded by dense
seismic networks between 1989 and 2013 and more than 2200 newly computed focal mechanisms
in a consistent manner. The global distribution of P and T
axis plunges confirms a majority of transcurrent focal mechanisms in the
entire western Alpine realm, combined with pure extension localized in the
core of the belt. We inverted this new set of focal mechanisms through
several strategies, including a seismotectonic zoning scheme and grid
procedure, revealing extensional axes oriented obliquely to the strike of
the belt. The Bayesian inversion of this new dataset of focal mechanisms
provides a probabilistic continuous map of the style of seismic deformation
in the Western Alps. Extension is found to be clustered, instead of continuous,
along the backbone of the belt. Robust indications for compression are only
observed at the boundary between the Adriatic and Eurasian plates.
Short-wavelength spatial variations of the seismic deformation are
consistent with surface horizontal Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements, as well as with deep
lithospheric structures, thereby providing new elements with which to understand the
current 3D dynamics of the belt. We interpret the ongoing seismotectonic and
kinematic regimes as being controlled by the joint effects of far-field
forces – imposed by the anticlockwise rotation of Adria with respect to
Europe – and buoyancy forces in the core of the belt, which together
explain the short-wavelength patches of extension and marginal
compression overprinted on an overall transcurrent tectonic regime.
Modelling steady states and the transient response of debris-covered glaciers
Authors: Ferguson James C. , Vieli Andreas
Published: July 2021

Abstract. Debris-covered glaciers are commonly found in alpine landscapes of high relief and play an increasingly important role in a warming climate. As a result of the insulating effect of supraglacial debris, their response to changes in climate is less direct and their dynamic behaviour more complex than for debris-free glaciers. Due to a lack of observations, here we use numerical modelling to explore the dynamic interactions between debris cover and geometry evolution for an idealized glacier over centennial timescales. The main goal of this study is to understand the effects of debris cover on the glacier's transient response. To do so, we use a numerical model that couples ice flow, debris transport, and its insulating effect on surface mass balance and thereby captures dynamic feedbacks that affect the volume and length evolution. In a second step we incorporate the effects of cryokarst features such as ice cliffs and supraglacial ponds on the dynamical behaviour. Our modelling indicates that thick debris cover delays both the volume response and especially the length response to a warming climate signal. Including debris dynamics therefore results in glaciers with extended debris-covered tongues and that tend to advance or stagnate in length in response to a fluctuating climate at century timescales and hence remember the cold periods more than the warm. However, when including even a relatively small amount of melt enhancing cryokarst features in the model, the length is more responsive to periods of warming and results in substantial mass loss and thinning on debris-covered tongues, as is also observed.
Perceived Stress and Nomophobia in Medical Faculty Students during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aktaş Terzioğlu Merve , Toker Uğurlu Tuğçe
Published: July 2021

Objective: This study aimed at investigating the stress levels of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic and their fear of being deprived of their mobile phones (nomophobia).
Method: An online questionnaire consisting of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Nomophobia Scale (NMP-Q) and sociodemographic data was completed with the participation of 341 students.
Results: The use of smartphones increased during the COVID-19 pandemic andthis increase was statistically similar in both sexes. According to NMP-Q results, 67% of females were mildly, 32.1% were moderate, and 0.9% were severe nomophobic. Of the males 55% were mildly, while 39.3% were moderate, and 5.7% were found to be severe nomophobic. It was determined that the mean PSS scores of males were significantly higher than females. Mean scores of PSS and NMP-Q for students aged 20 and under were found to be similar to those of students over 20. There was a positive correlation between PSS scores and all dimensions of NMP-Q.
Conclusion: Medical faculty students were found to be mild/moderate level nomophobic. During the COVID-19 pandemic, male medical students were more affected than female students, they felt greater stress, and had a higher tendency toward nomophobia.
Ancillary Funds 2000–2019: ACPNS Current Issues Information Sheet 2021-1
Authors: McGregor-Lowndes Myles , Balczun Marie , Williamson Alexandra
Published: July 2021

There are two types of ancillary funds that may qualify for DGR status – Private Ancillary Funds (PAFs) and Public Ancillary Funds (PubAFs). The intended purpose of an ancillary fund is to act as an intermediary between donors and organisations (not individuals) that can receive tax deductible donations. In total, as at 30 June 2019, there were 3,090 ancillary funds, with combined net assets of $10.33 billion. They received $1.39 billion in donations in the 2018–19 year and distributed $967 million in grants.
Aboriginal testimony, trauma and fiction: transcribing massacre in Randolph Stow’s To the Islands
Authors: Rendell Kate Leah
Published: July 2021

In 1957 the young writer Randolph Stow travelled to Forrest River Mission in East

Kimberley, Western Australia to conduct research for a new novel. His experiences and

observations at the mission over four months resulted in the publication of his Miles

Franklin Award-winning book To the Islands (1958). A novel that fluctuates between

the symbolic imperatives of the central narrative and the material realities of Forrest

River, To the Islands is both a remarkable and uneasy representation of place.

Particularly unsettling is Stow’s inclusion of an oral account of massacre taken down

verbatim at the mission in 1957. Arguing that this massacre narrative represents a

moment of slippage in the novel – whereby the localised trauma of Forrest River can be

seen to infiltrate Stow’s King Lear-like narrative – this paper draws on recent archival

research to suggest the massacre account in To the Islands allows a momentary and

profound register of colonial violence, not otherwise expressed in the novel.
Beyond this point here be dragons: consideration and caution for supervising HDR writing trauma projects
Authors: Rickett Carolyn , Joseph Sue
Published: July 2021

As memoir and autobiographical/autoethnographic texts flourish in the market place, so

this emergence is reflected in the tertiary education sector. Mostly sited within

journalism, English and creative writing schools, a proportion of these texts incorporate

trauma narrative as students turn to creative practice degrees as a means to write

through disruptive autobiographical events.

Accordingly, supervisors of HDR candidates undertaking long form trauma narrative

find themselves more and more immersed in the trauma, bearing witness to their

students’ potential unease. We argue that this type of supervision may potentially

necessitate a differentiated management approach, with the establishment of additional

protocols, informed by the potential dangers of re-traumatisation of the candidate; and

vicarious traumatisation of the supervisor.

The aim of this paper is to report on some of the preliminary findings of a qualitative

research project where a range of Australian academics supervising Higher Degree

Research (HDR) candidates writing about traumatic experiences were interviewed

regarding supervisory protocols and practices. Here we focus on selected insights from

supervisors who responded to one of the interview questions: ’what do you consider the

potential risks for a student and a supervisor involved in HDR projects framed by

trauma narrative?’ We anticipate this paper will provide helpful perspectives from

experienced academics for early career supervisors about to embark on trauma shaped

projects.
Autobiographical research in a post-traumatic body: a retrospective risk analysis
Authors: Williams Angela J
Published: July 2021

The body holds trauma far beyond the brain’s ability to remember. Telling the story

of trauma involves negotiating the conflicting needs to craft the story and live within

the reawakened pain. This article will examine the impacts of critically engaging with

one’s own memoir of survival while living in a body forged by early childhood trauma.

The external outcomes of trauma, the bodily reactions, will be linked to the processes

of research, with this analysis demonstrating the potential for complex responses

to trauma to be understood emotionally, critically and creatively.

Autobiographical Higher Degree Research sits on the intersection of practice and

research and questions of self-care and rehabilitation are core to understanding how

future researchers in this field do so while remaining emotionally safe. The research to

be discussed explores memoir as a form of self-surveillance, positing that similar

disciplinary forces are in place when surveilling one’s self as is demonstrated by

contemporary surveillance theory.

The role of the self-writer who examines trauma will be resituated beyond the concept

of ‘victim’, showing how by examining and questioning our own narratives it is

possible to find the seeds of self-realisation that are inherent in surviving and creating

with the traumatic response.
The Body is Just a Metaphor for the Soul: Performing trauma in the work of Leela Corman and Tom Hart
Authors: MacFarlane Elizabeth , Brialey Leonie
Published: July 2021

This paper discusses the graphic narrative as a dynamic space in which to re-enact, relive, and re-tell experiences of grief, trauma, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The

paper will focus on Tom Hart’s 2016 autobiographical graphic novel Rosalie Lightning

and Leela Corman’s 2015 short comic ‘The Wound That Never Heals’, both of which

deal with the death of Corman and Hart’s young daughter. About writing the book,

Hart has said: ’The attempt to relive was largely through the act of drawing and

writing, in that order. The writing was the organizing principle, but the drawing was the

reliving.’ This article observes the ways in which narrative repetition, visual metaphor,

sequentiality, and the embodiment of the drawn line, which are inherent to the medium

of comics, are also representative of the experience of trauma in these works. This

article incorporates short autobiographical interludes in both prose and comics form

which recount personal experiences with Corman and Hart.
Resonances of the Negative: Traumatic Affect and Empty Spaces of Writing
Authors: Richardson Michael
Published: July 2021

At the heart of literary theories of trauma is the trope of aporia: the unrepresentable,

unknowable event that enters into literary language through its fracturing, its falling

short of meaning-making (Caruth 1996, Felman and Laub 1992). Yet this aporia is

more than collapse of meaning into paradox: it is a site of affective intensity. While this

traumatic affect can arrive through language, it also emerges in the resonance of blank

space – in writing that embraces absences of text. Tracing these resonances of the

negative across two multimodal texts, this paper shows how the material limits of

printed words and their relation to empty space evoke traumatic affect. _Negative

Publicity: Artefacts of Extraordinary Rendition_ (2015) by Crofton Black and Edmund

Clark uses the resonance between documentary evidence, short essays and photographs

of emptied sites and spaces to testify to torture and rendition. _Citizen: An American

Lyric_ (2014) by Claudia Rankine deploys poetry, layout and artistic images to reimagine the traumas of Blackness in America. Together, these readings show how

writing can use negative space as a site of resonance between forms, transforming the

limits of written text into new zones for giving life to traumatic affects and granting

new nuance to the capacity of literary theory to account for trauma.
Remembering and Rewriting the Familial Traumascape in Alice Pung’s memoir Her Father’s Daughter
Authors: Hermanoczki Suzanne
Published: July 2021

Often in immigrant literature, the familial landscape or homeland is considered a

traumascape, which as Maria Tumarkin explains, is a place ’marked by traumatic

legacies of violence, suffering and loss’ (2005: 12). For many first-generation

immigrants and refugees forced into leaving their homelands, the familial traumascape

is also trapped in a past that no longer exists, or exists only in memories that are subject

to traumatic ‘visual and sensory triggers’ (Tumarkin 2005: 12). This paper will show

how second-generation immigrant writer Alice Pung has used her father’s firstgeneration trigger memories of place in her memoir Her Father’s Daughter (2011) to

direct her own writing. A textual analysis of the father’s present day narrative will

reveal details of the traumatic events of an unliveable homeland and the

intergenerational impact of this familial traumascape on his daughter. It will also

discuss how, at the heart of Her Father’s Daughter, is the Barthesian idea of the

punctum and its connection with testimony; and how the father’s homeland or familial

landscape becomes the traumatic wounded site of painful trigger memories. Examining

the writing from the site of the wound, this paper shows how the father’s traumatised

memories of his homeland are able to be transformed as postmemories of place and

belonging for the second-generation/daughter in her memoir.
Emerging from Entrapment: Sue Woolfe’s modern Gothic Painted Woman
Authors: Haylock Bridget
Published: July 2021

In this article, I examine the Gothic generic, narrative and conceptual strategies Sue

Woolfe uses to describe creative emergence from the effects of intergenerational

trauma and the impact on modalities of subjectivity in Painted Woman (1990), a tale of

incest and disavowed artistry. The deployment of the Gothic subverts expectations of

power relations, engenders the development of new paradigmatic writing forms, and

shows the presence/lack of agency from within the traumatic space. Woolfe reframes

embodied experience through experimentation with assumptions around signifying

practices, generates radical language through which to testify to trauma and suggest

that from abjective experience, empowerment and transformation are not only possible,

but also essential.
Writing into or drawing from? Self-manifestation through movement in contemporary writing of space
Authors: Noske Catherine
Published: July 2021

Contemporary Australian cultural studies has seen a move towards a multimodal awareness

of space and place in writing – a speculative turn in both critical and creative work

confronting the subject/object dichotomy as a limitation in place-making. Theorists such

as Ross Gibson, Stephen Muecke and Michael Farrell offer beautiful conceptualisations of

written spaces, drawing from several philosophical traditions, which might give context to

contemporary creative practices. This writing regularly draws from movement as an

integral feature of the practice discussed, with walking emerging in several approaches to

re-envision the poet wanderer. But it is also possible to trace in this writing an act of self-manifestation, a desire for the ‘doing-making’ of self to be inscribed within the multimodal

spaces created. This paper will argue that this layering of self and space in the act of writing

is both akin to and actively opposing the tradition of Romantic thought. While several

features of the practices invoked might seem to draw from similar acts of immersion in

landscape, the underlying trope of the Romantic poet’s divine communion is inverted in

the speculative drive towards multimodal relation.
Creaturely Shifts: contemporary animal crossings through the alluring trace of the Romantic sublime
Authors: Pyke Susan
Published: July 2021

This paper considers the transformative use of the sublime aesthetic in two contemporary

Gothic novels, Angela Carter’s Heroes and Villains (1969) and Charlotte Wood’s The Natural Way of Things (2015). My exploration begins with the Romantic sublime, defined here as a mode of perception created through art that is concerned with the awe-inspiring, the frightening and the ineffable. Sublime metamorphosis extends the Romantic sublime alongside the more fragmentary postmodern sublime through posthumanism. Sublime metamorphoses occur in these two speculative novels when their protagonists pause in the moment of sublime arrest in response to nonhuman others. Such moments create new embodied potentialities that may reshape human/nonhuman relations. When Carter’s central protagonist Marianne considers her position in moments of terror, she improves her marginalised status. She pushes through the boundaries of her species and the limitations of an injured world of mutation and brutality, evolving, in the end, to Tiger Lady. In Wood’s novel, the entrapped Yolanda shifts from prey to predator to a new kind of self-determination that frees her from her human confinement. Yolanda’s friend Verla follows with her own radical transmutation. In these novels sublime metamorphosis resists ideas of human exceptionality and troubles typologies that separate humans from other creatures. This approach may be of interest to creative writers concerned with more generative relations with the world’s nonhuman creatures. My own creative efforts are learning from such work.
A Romantic Entanglement with Ecopoetry
Authors: Stuart Anne
Published: July 2021

This paper proposes that the Romantic perception of nature has been unsettled by creative

expressions in contemporary ecopoetry. Contemporary ecopoetry critiques Romantic

notions of nature and the sublime. New literary perspectives and practices reflect

observations of an environment in flux, undergoing change and giving rise to new

questions. This paper will explore the work of two poets, and analyse the ways in which

their work inherits and deviates from the tenets of Romanticism. The two poets under

consideration, Charlotte Smith (1749-1806) and Alice Oswald (1966-), although distant in

time from one another, create compositional interactions of life processes across time and

space.
PELAYANAN PASTORAL BAGI ISTRI YANG BERDUKA DAN SIGNIFIKANSINYA TERHADAP PROSES PENEMUAN MAKNA HIDUP JEMAAT GEREJA KRISTEN JAWA KISMOREJO KARANGANYAR
Authors: Wulandari Rini
Published: July 2021

Pelayanan pastoral merupakan pelayanan penggembalaan dan pendampingan kepada jemaat yang didalamnya ada kegiatan kemitraan, bahu-membahu, menemani, dan berbagi dengan tujuan saling menumbuhkan, menguatkan dan mendukung. Demikian halnya pelayanan pastoral kepada orang yang berduka seharusnya berisikan kegiatan-kegiatan di atas. Melalui kegiatan bahu-membahu, menemani atau berbagi tersebut, diharapkan jemaat yang berduka dapat bertumbuh secara rohani. Dengan pertumbuhan rohani yang baik, jemaat yang berduka diharapkan bisa menemukan arti hidup melalui penderitaan atau krisis yang sedang dihadapinya. Hal itu bisa dicapai bukan hanya melalui kunjungan pada saat ibadah penghiburan saja, tetapi bisa melalui percakapan pastoral dan kunjungan yang rutin. Percakapan pastoral meski singkat atau biasa namun bila dikerjakan dalam kesungguhan dan ketulusan, akan membantu jemaat yang berduka untuk mengungkapkan persoalan-persoalan yang muncul akibat kehilangan yang dideritanya. Para pelayan Tuhan dapat melihat fakta-fakta yang dialami dan dihadapi jemaatnya yang berduka sehingga bisa memberikan pertolongan yang tepat sasaran. Kunjungan rutin dapat menguatkan dan menghibur jemaat sehingga tidak merasa sendiri. Selain itu dalam kunjungan rutin juga bisa dilakukan percakapan pastoral yang mendalam. Pola pelayanan pastoral dengan cara memberikan bantuan praktis berkaitan dengan persiapan penguburan, pelayanan doa dan pemberitaan Firman di kebaktian penghiburan dan pemakaman tidaklah salah hanya saja kurang efektif. Pola pelayanan seperti ini kurang bisa menyentuh dan menyelesaikan perasaan-perasaan problematis akibat kedukaan. Berdasarkan penelitian Penulis, adanya ketidakefektifan pelayanan pastoral dapat terjadi karena kurangnya pemahaman tentang hakekat pelayanan pastoral di antara pelayan Tuhan. Berhubung kurangnya pemahaman tersebut maka mereka tidak memprioritaskan waktu untuk melakukan bentuk pelayanan pastoral yang lain (seperti kunjungan, telepon dan percakapan pastoral), ditambah lagi dengan banyaknya kegiatan gerejawi yang menyita banyak waktu. Bila kendala ini tidak dicarikan jalan keluarnya atau diselesaikan, maka pelayanan pastoral akan sulit untuk menyentuh kehidupan pribadi jemaat.
SIKAP ETIS KRISTEN TERHADAP PENDERITAAN MENURUT 1PETRUS 4:12-16 DAN RELEVANSINYA BAGI ORANG PERCAYA
Authors: Saragih Elri Masniari
Published: July 2021

Semua orang percaya harus memahami dan meyakini bahwa Allah adalah sumber kasih. Adalah penting memiliki pemahaman yang benar tentang Allah dan kasih-Nya supaya orang percaya tidak salah mengerti bahwa kasih Allah tidak selalu diartikan dengan sesuatu yang menyenangkan atau membahagiakan sebagaimana konsep manusia pada umumnya. Pemahaman yang benar akan Allah harus diwujudkan dengan sikap hidup yang benar. Sehingga dalam segala keadaan, baik bahagia maupun menderita, tetap memuji Tuhan. Kemampuan dan kekuatan orang percaya dalam menghadapi penderitaan dan api siksaan akan membuat kasih Allah semakin tampak nyata. Hal yang tidak kalah penting adalah sikap rendah hati dan ketetapan hati. Sikap rendah hati akanmemampukan orang percaya mengambil bagian dalam penderitaan Kristus, tidak bersungut-sungut, mengeluh, dan menyalahkan Tuhan saat penderitaan melanda tetapi disanggupkan untuk bersukacita. Dan ketika orang percaya menghadapi kebencian dunia yang membenci kebenaran, perlu memiliki ketetapan hati untuk memuliakan Allah dengan menyatakan kebenaran maka kita tidak akan merasa malu, justru akan mendorong kita untuk terus taat kepada panggilan-Nya yang unik itu.