bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Post-Removal Mounds: Earthworks Rising in Oklahoma
Authors: Allen Chadwick
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Twenty-first-century Oklahoma—where so many Southeastern, Ohio Valley, Mississippi Valley, and other mound-building and mound-stewarding peoples were forcibly removed in the nineteenth century—is witnessing a reactivation of Indigenous practices of building and stewarding large-scale, highly graphic, multiply encoded earthworks. Replicas of historical platform mounds feature prominently at the Chickasaw Cultural Center that opened in rural south-central Oklahoma in 2010 and the Choctaw Cultural Center that opened in rural southeastern Oklahoma in 2021, while a futuristic, spiraling "promontory mound" forms an integral component of the multitribal First Americans Museum that opened outside urban Oklahoma City in 2021. Constructed and curated to meet the expectations of both tribal citizens and diverse Native and non-Native tourists, how do these new earthen structures and their contextualizing environments occupy space, organize relations, and make meaning within their specific contexts of cultural celebration, Indigenous-centered education, and immersive visitor experience? And what do they tell us about the possibilities for Indigenous aesthetics and architectural design in the future?
Defining a Nation: Métis Nation Building in the Face of Epistemic Injustice
Authors: Boyer Kurtis , Andersen Chris
Published: September 2024

Abstract: Over the past four decades, Indigenous political claims "in" Canada have come increasingly to assume a nationalist form. Efforts at instilling a national identity play an abundantly clear role in Indigenous nation (re)building: they hold the potential to concretize internal solidarity, mobilize community to pursue long-term goals, and they aid in overcoming a host of collective action problems. However, for national claims to play such a role, it is necessary that outside groups recognize a community's national identity and accept it as distinct. That is to say, nationhood must be thought about in terms of its occurrence in an (unequally) relational context: claims to a national distinction occur in competition with other claims, in a field of struggle and competition in which actors possess varying abilities to enforce/support claims and to have those claims recognized by others. In this regard, the concept of epistemic injustice is especially useful to engage with the differential capacity of communities to claim and enforce national claims unto others. Our analysis, which focuses specifically on the case of the Métis, pays particular attention to the widespread misrecognitions that occur when a dominant social group marginalizes Métis claims to nationhood. Through this exploration, our article contributes to a better understanding of relational conditions overall and the ways in which identity and nationhood can support the process of Indigenous nation building.
Talbot effect of skew-periodic structures under structured light beam illumination
Authors: Rasouli Saifollah , AMIRI POURIA
Published: September 2024

In this study, we explore the near-field diffraction of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams, including those with both zero and non-zero radial indices, through two-dimensional (2D) non-orthogonal periodic structures with a filling factor of approximately 0.1. The 2D periodic structure, characterized by rhombus-shaped unit cells, is fabricated by superimposing two one-dimensional (1D) binary gratings on glass substrates, enabling precise control of the angle between their lines. Our simulations and experiments reveal that specific angles between the grating lines induce the replication of the incident beam at designated Talbot distances. Furthermore, a minor adjustment in the angle, approximately 0.7 degrees, results in the formation of a 2D array of Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes corresponding to the incident LG modes.
We present findings on the replication of LG beams with various radial indices when diffracted by non-orthogonal 2D periodic structures, identifying specific angles where this phenomenon occurs relative to the Talbot planes. A general formulation is proposed to determine these angles, facilitating the multiplication of the incident beam or the creation of an HG mode array at specific Talbot distances. Experimental results confirm the accuracy of this formulation. This technique for generating HG/LG arrays in the near field at specific Talbot planes has potential applications in multi-particle trapping and manipulation within the micrometer to millimeter range, eliminating the need for microscopes or spatial light modulators.
The effects of substance use on non-communicable diseases among older adults aged 60 and above in the North-eastern States of India
Authors: Boro Sasanka , Saikia Nandita
Published: September 2024

Introduction

The North-eastern region of India has a relatively higher prevalence of substance use, which together with poor dietary practices and a lack of physical activity is one of the key risk factors for NCDs among older adults in the region. Understanding the prevalence of NCDs and their relationship to substance use can help develop preventive strategies and sensitization in North-eastern India.

Objective

To assess the prevalence of NCDs and the strength of the association of substance abuse among the geriatric population of North-eastern states in India, for the development of preventive strategies.

Methods

Data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI Wave-I, 2017–18) were drawn to develop this paper. The bi-variate and binary logistic regression analyses were carried out to predict the association between non-communicable diseases and substance use adjusting select socio-demographic characteristics.

Results

The paper revealed the prevalence of NCDs among urban people (61.45%) is higher than among rural people (42.45%). Hypertension (37.29%) can be seen as the most prevalent disease among the following given NCDs followed by Diabetes (8.94%). The chances of having Cancer are nineteen times higher (OR = 19.8; C.I. = 18.82–20.83) if an individual has past smoking behaviour after controlling for socio-demographic and physical activity variables.

Conclusion

Since, the high prevalence of hypertension correlated with the high level of substance abuse, require immediate attention to develop appropriate intervention strategies for its control (substance abuse) and prevention of hypertension. In a lower middle-income country like India, preventive measures, rather than curative measures will be cost-effective and helpful.
Inequalities in the demand and unmet need for contraception among women in four regions of Ethiopia
Authors: Wasiyhun Tigist Shumet , Geda Nigatu Regassa
Published: September 2024

Background

Unmet need for family planning is a major cause of unwanted pregnancies, which may contribute to the death of mothers and children. The aim of this study is to examine inequalities in the demand and unmet need for contraception among women in four regions (i.e., Afar, Benishangul-Gumzu, Gambela and Somali regions) of Ethiopia.

Methods

The study utilized data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS), collected from 3,343 women of reproductive age 15–49 years situated in these study regions. Multilevel binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis, concentration index, and multivariate decomposition analysis were employed.

Results

The study revealed that women’s employment status, education level, household wealth index, total number of children ever born, and husband’s working status had a statistically significant association with the demand for contraception. Furthermore, women’s educational level, household size, wealth index and husband’s working status had statistically significant association with unmet need for contraception. The results of the concentration index indicated that illiteracy among respondents (56%), being in the richest economic status/ wealth index (41%) and non-working status of respondents (21%) contributed substantially to the inequality in the demand for contraception use. Illiteracy of the husband (197%) and the household size less than or equal to five (184%) contributed positively, but illiteracy of respondent (-249%) and unemployment status of respondents (-119%) contributed negatively to the existing inequality in unmet need for contraception.

Conclusion

The findings of this study highlight the presence of unacceptably high inequality in the demand and unmet need for contraception among women in the four study regions. Policymakers should give due attention to reducing existing socio-economic inequality to address the high unmet need for family planning and increase demand for contraception in these regions. The study strongly recommends implementing multidimensional and multisectoral approaches, which will significantly reduce inequalities in the outcome variables.
Moral distress related to paid and unpaid care among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Smith Julia , Tiwana Muhammad Haaris , Murage Alice , Samji Hasina , Morgan Rosemary , Delgado-Ron Jorge Andres
Published: September 2024

While there is growing literature on experiences of healthcare workers and those providing unpaid care during COVID-19, little research considers the relationships between paid and unpaid care burdens and contributions. We administered a moral distress survey to healthcare workers in Canada, in 2022, collecting data on both paid and unpaid care. There were no significant differences in the proportion of participants providing unpaid care by gender, with both genders equally affected by certain responsibilities such as reduced contact with family/loved ones. However, men were significantly more distressed about specific unpaid care responsibilities. Unpaid care was not significantly associated with differences in intention to leave work. At work, women were significantly more concerned about patients unable to see family, while men were distressed by others mistreating COVID patients. This study enhances understanding of paid and unpaid care relationships, particularly during crises, and proposes an innovative method for assessing unpaid care burdens.
‘Welcome to Dounreay’: Ideological narratives of hospitality at the Dounreay visitor centre, c.1960–2007
Authors: Mercer-Jones Elaine
Published: September 2024

Dounreay Nuclear Power Development Establishment (NPDE) was built in the far north-east of Scotland due to the possible ‘misbehaviour’ of the technology and the dangerous nature of the materials involved. From 1960 to the eve of decommissioning in 2007, despite numerous health and safety issues across the Dounreay nuclear facility, a visitor centre operated there. Initially, its purpose was to satisfy public curiosity and provide information about the atomic work being undertaken. From the 1970s, however, the objective of the Dounreay visitor centre shifted, to focus on overcoming public objections to nuclear power. Archive material made available by the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA) was analysed according to themes addressed in the literature review. Findings reveal an ideological narrative curated by the UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) and presented to the public via exhibitions, brochures, hands-on displays and outreach activities. At the visitor centre, Dounreay and its associated technologies were simplified, ‘banalized’, via a narrative that sought to frame an inhospitable destination (Dounreay) as a safe, welcoming and hospitable place to visit.
Can community festivals make urban places more hospitable?
Authors: Quinn Bernadette
Published: September 2024

Cultivating places and spaces to encourage sociality and foster sociocultural inclusion is a very pertinent societal challenge. Community festivals are often marshalled in the interest of making cities more hospitable for the increasing numbers of migrants, refugees, remote workers and tourists internationally on the move. This study investigates if and how community festivals are constructing hospitality through their practices. The findings are drawn from a qualitative study of two community festivals in Dublin’s North East Inner City, an ethnically diverse area characterized by social disadvantage. They suggest that community festivals can make places more hospitable. However, the approaches taken to inculcating hospitality can differ substantially. Here, the two study festivals were found to differ in terms of how they extended welcome and exerted social control, how they constructed the host-guest dynamic and how they operationalized the concept of gifting. Overall, the findings encourage further analysis of festivals using the concept of hospitality.
El valor de los medios públicos en América Latina: el caso de Ecuador TV
Authors: Cañedo Azahara , Yaguaches Jenny J. , Valdiviezo-Abad Cesibel
Published: September 2024

Ecuador TV, la televisión pública de ámbito estatal de Ecuador, fue concebida como un componente fundamental durante la era correísta. Esta investigación se propone decodificar, desde una perspectiva profesional, el valor histórico y presente que se le atribuye como medio público. Para lograr este objetivo, se llevaron a cabo 31 entrevistas con especialistas y profesionales ecuatorianos de la comunicación. Los resultados revelan que Ecuador TV ha representado una oportunidad fallida, principalmente debido a su politización gubernamental y a la intensa polarización sociopolítica del país.
Analysis of Obstacles For Mangosteen Agro-Industry Revitalization In Karacak Agropolitan Area, Indonesia: An Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach
Authors: Oryzanti Parwa , Wardah Wardah , Setiawan Marwan , Purnamasari Riska Ayu , Kusumawaty Rini , Purwaningsih Ratna , Rustiadi Ernan
Published: September 2024

This study aims to identify and propose solutions to the obstacles faced in the study of Karacak Agropolitan Revitalization based on Mangosteen agroindustry in Bogor Regency as outlined in a structural model. The revitalization of agro-industry-based agropolitan areas is studied through science, technology, and innovation which are then formulated and analyzed with the Interpretive Structural Modeling Method. Primary data were collected through expert-based surveys and questionnaires from seven relevant and representative government agencies to formulate policy studies. This research resulted in a study of 9 sub-elements of constraints and found 1 key sub-element, arrange hierarchically based on its importance. At the most critical level, we identified the government's political will towards agro-industrial development incentives and disincentive programs in agropolitan areas. This study recommends the government start an integrated agropolitan area revitalization program by utilizing local biological resources. The systems model approach will facilitate sustainable development at the village level, promoting inclusive economic growth and resilience.

 
Keywords: Agropolitan, Barriers, Interpretive Structure Modeling, Mangosteen Agroindustry.
A cultura do rendar: aprendendo com os saberes e fazeres das rendeiras no município de Raposa-MA
Authors: Ferreira Dulcineia de Fátima , Silva Claudio Vieira , Diniz Jaqueline Santos , Costa da Costa Dolores
Published: September 2024

Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa que realizamos junto ao Programa de Educação Tutorial (PET) Conexões de saberes em comunidades populares da Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA - campus São Luís). Compartilhamos parte do vivido e aprendido com a experiência do projeto de pesquisa intitulado “A Cultura do Rendar: Saberes e fazeres das comunidades populares”. Temos como objetivo compartilhar saberes e fazeres das rendeiras e a cultura do rendar no município de Raposa – MA. Tomamos como abordagem metodológica a cartografia, pois o que nos interessa é acompanhar processos. Acreditamos que ao mergulharmos nos saberes e fazeres das tradições populares, fortalecemos nossa relação com as comunidades populares e tradicionais. No lugar do distanciamento, desvalorização e apagamento da cultura local, contribuímos com a valorização e a criação de uma postura multicultural frente ao mundo, colaborando com a consolidação das políticas de ações afirmativas de inclusão e diversidade na UFMA.
The Role of Plasmalogen Lipids in Synaptic Assembly and Function: Implications for Neurodegenerative Processes
Authors: Sadilova Anna , Gane Iwan , Edwards Maisie , Guntan Ilke , Angelini Roberto
Published: September 2024

This research aims to reveal fundamental mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders by studying the consequences of disrupted lipid homeostasis in neurons by means of functional synapse assays and protein expression analyses. In neurodegeneration, the physiology of synapses is altered. Here, plasmalogen lipids are abundant and their peculiar conical shape makes them ideal in supporting vesicle fusion. In addition, plasmalogen levels decrease with pathological progression in Alzheimer’s disease. Since current evidence is correlative, we aim to provide tools to directly test whether plasmalogens support synaptic transmission for normal neuronal cell function. Specifically, we seek to prove that plasmalogens are required for synapse function and later explore their potential for neuro-regenerative supplementation therapies.

My work includes western blot and ICC/IF detection of markers of mature neurons (NeuN, B3-tubulin) alongside established synaptic and vesicular markers (Synaptophysin1, PSD95, SV2, VAChT), as well as live cell vesicular stains. Wet-lab assays were performed on otherwise untreated differentiated cells alongside differentiated cells genetically silenced by using shRNA for plasmalogen biosynthetic enzyme FAR1. Specifically, I have modulated plasmalogen levels in differentiated human SH-SY5Y cells and ReNcell VM as they embody convenient models for developing assays and monitoring synapse assembly. This work will be complemented with lipidomic analyses and will be soon translated to relevant iPSC-derived neurons.

The data from lipidomic and synaptic assays were normally distributed. Comparison of multiple groups (n=18) at one timepoint (e.g., normal vs plasmalogen-deficient) used one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (GraphPad Software).
Malakoplakia in a Transplanted Liver
Authors: Ansari Zaid , Ahmad Akram , Bejarano Pablo A. , Pinna Antonio , Zervos Xaralambos
Published: September 2024

Malakoplakia is a rare acquired histiocytic disorder first described in the urinary bladder. There have been 8 cases reported involving the liver, and this is the first reported case of malakoplakia involving an adult transplanted liver. We report a 63-year-old man with a medical history of orthotopic liver transplantation who presented with fever, chills, and abdominal pain. Imaging found confluent microabscesses in the right lobe of the liver that persisted despite prolonged antibiotics. He was taken to the operating room for a segment 6 hepatectomy of the abscess. Histologically, the inflammatory process showed malakoplakia.
Paradojas del escepticismo. Sexto Empirico en los límites de la filosofía
Authors: Divenosa Marisa
Published: September 2024

En este artículo se presentan tres paradojas del pensamiento de Sexto Empírico: la paradoja ontológica, pues por un lado propone confiar solo en las apariencias, pero luego no puedo evitar referirse a las cosas externas al hombre; la paradoja lingüística, según la cual no es posible afirmar nada, pero no hay clausura del lenguaje y del argumento para el escéptico; y la paradoja ética, que invita a descreer de la existencia del bien, pero invita a obrar según algún criterio práctico. Luego de revisarlas, el trabajo propone una interpretación del escepticismo sextiano que da sentido a las paradojas sin entrar en contradicciones.
Sileno en la Égloga 6 de Virgilio: una captura en clave bucólica
Authors: Asaro Ayelén
Published: September 2024

En la Égloga 6 de Virgilio (vv. 13-30) se narra una escena en la que dos jovencitos, Cromis y Mnasilo, sorprenden al sátiro Sileno durmiendo en una gruta y, fingiendo una especie de captura, lo “obligan” a cumplir su promesa de cantarles una canción. Sileno es un personaje mitológico de larga tradición, figura ampliamente registrada ya desde el siglo V a. C. y caracterizada por su sabiduría. Su captura, por orden del rey Midas, para obligarlo a revelarle su saber, está presente en diversos autores (e.g. Heródoto, Teopompo, Jenofonte). Nuestro artículo intenta examinar la construcción del personaje que propone el relato virgiliano, en la que se reiteran ciertos rasgos provenientes de la tradición pero, al mismo tiempo, se incorporan elementos nuevos. Se busca discernir el significado de aquellos componentes narrativos mediante los cuales Virgilio se reapropia en clave bucólica de esa figura.
Dos traducciones argentinas de The Turn of the Screw
Authors: Gagliardi Lucas
Published: September 2024

En este trabajo analizamos dos traducciones argentinas de la ‘nouvelle’ de Henry James. La primera traducción argentina es también la primera traducción al castellano: estuvo a cargo de José Bianco en 1945. Dicho trabajo posee una impronta inaugural por ser la primera traducción al idioma pero también ha sido influyente en otras posteriores labores en aspectos como la elección del título. Por otro lado, la traducción de Rolando Costa Picazo en 2005, titulada Una vuelta de tuerca, se propone como una retraducción que disputa su sitio dentro del campo cultural y el polisistema literario en lengua española a la traducción de Bianco y a otras. Entre ambas traducciones argentinas se manifiestan concepciones acerca de la «fidelidad» al texto fuente, estrategias en torno a la ambigüedad de la ‘nouvelle’ de James, justificaciones acerca de la elección del título en castellano y el tipo de publicación. Nuestra hipótesis es que entre ambas se ponen en juego dos apreciaciones diferentes de la novela jamesiana dentro del polisistema literario local. Según esta idea, la de Bianco es la traducción que asume el desafío de presentar en español un texto caracterizado por la ambigüedad y de elecciones estéticas afines a las del grupo Sur. Por su parte, la de Costa Picazo asume la función de considerar al texto de James como objeto de estudio consolidado y que requiere una revisión crítica.
Structural features of tetraphenylantimony carboxylates Ph4SbOC(O)R (R = CH2Cl, CH2Br, CH2l, C6H3F2-2,3) and tetraphenylantimony nitrate hydrate Ph4SbONO2 ∙ H2O
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Sharutin V. , Sharutina O.
Published: September 2024

The structure of tetraphenylantimony carboxylates Ph4SbOC(O)R [R = CH2Cl (1), CH2Br (2), CH2l (3), C6H3F2-2,3) (4)] and nitrate Ph4SbONO2 ∙ H2O (5) was established by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). According to the XRD data, the antimony atoms in complexes 1–5 have the coordination of a distorted trigonal bipyramid with an electronegative ligand in the axial position. The CSbO axial angles are 174.05(7); 171.6(2), 170.3(2); 173.10(12); 177.93(5); 178.02(9), 168.11(9), and 169.33(9) respectively. The X-ray diffraction data: (1) [C26H22O2ClSb, M = 523.64; rhombic system, sp. gr. Pbca; cell parameters: a = 14.382(8) Å, b = 16.681(10) Å, c = 19.270(11) Å; β = 90.00, V = 4623(5) Å3, Z = 8; calc = 1.505 g/cm3;  = 1.328 mm–1; F(000) = 2096.0; region 2q collection: 5.64–56.6; –19 ≤ h ≤ 19, –22 ≤ k ≤ 21, –23 ≤ l ≤ 25; total reflections 69348; independent reflections 5710 (Rint = 0.0398); GOOF = 1.067; R-factor 0.0261]; (2) [C52H46O4Br2Sb2, M = 1138.19; triclinic syngony, sp. gr. P–1; cell parameters: a = 11.096(13) Å, b = 12.510(13) Å, c = 17.62(2) Å;  = 78.01(6), β = 89.35(7),  = 89.71(5), V = 2393(5) Å3, Z = 2; calc = 1.577 g/cm3;  = 2.841 mm–1; F(000) = 1120.0; region 2q collection: 5.16–69.06; –16 ≤ h ≤ 16, –14 ≤ k ≤ 14, –23 ≤ l ≤ 23; total reflections 89320; independent reflections 11788 (Rint = 0.0568); GOOF = 1.034; R-factor 0.0519]; (3) [C26H22O2SbI, M = 615.09; monoclinic syngony, sp. gr. P21/c; cell parameters: a = 12.779(6) Å, b = 10.864(4) Å, c = 17.542(9) Å; β = 100.18(3), V = 2397(2) Å3, Z = 4; calc = 1.704 g/cm3;  = 2.458 mm–1; F(000) = 1192.0; region 2q collection: 6.02–71.46; –20 ≤ h ≤ 20, –17 ≤ k ≤ 17, –28 ≤ l ≤ 28; total reflections 70960; independent reflections 11043 (Rint = 0.0510); GOOF = 1.018; R-factor 0,0537]; (4) [C31H23O2F2Sb, M = 587.24; triclinic syngony, sp. gr. P–1; cell parameters: a = 9.862(13) Å, b = 10.154(13) Å, c = 14.298(2) Å;  = 84.03(6), β = 82.76(7),  = 68.41(5), V = 1318.2(5) Å3, Z = 2; calc = 1.479 g/cm3;  = 1.086 mm–1; F(000) = 588.0; region 2q collection: 6.08–74.28; –16 ≤ h ≤ 16, –17 ≤ k ≤ 17, –24 ≤ l ≤ 24; total reflections 88852; independent reflections 13477 (Rint = 0.0353); GOOF = 1.026; R-factor 0.0359]; (5) [C72H62N3O10Sb3, M = 1494.50; monoclinic syngony, sp. gr. P21/n; cell parameters: a = 23.072(7) Å, b = 10.427(3) Å, c = 27.040(10) Å; β = 95.860(13), V = 6472(4) Å3, Z = 4; calc = 1.534 g/cm3;  = 1.305 mm–1; F(000) = 2992.0; region 2q collection: 5.6–62.16; –33 ≤ h ≤ 29, –15 ≤ k ≤ 15, –39 ≤ l ≤ 39; total reflections 228547; independent reflections 20667 (Rint = 0.0432); GOOF = 1.041; R-factor 0.0303]. Complete tables of atomic coordinates, bond lengths, and bond angles for compounds 1–5 are deposited at the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center (CCDC 2169943, 2170138, 2213768, 2170205, 2147525; deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk; http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk).
New alkyltriphenylphosphonium organosulfonates
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Sakhautdinova M. , Baygildina D. , Morodetskikh M. , Sazhin O. , Yakshimbayev A.
Published: September 2024

The reaction of equimolar amounts of alkyltriphenylphosphonium bromides with organosulfonic acids in water yielded ionic alkyltriphenylphosphonium organosulfonates [Ph3PC6H11-cyclo][OSO2CF3] (1), [Ph3PCH2CN][OSO2CF3] (2), [Ph3PC6H11-cyclo][OSO2C6H3(NO2)2-2,4] (3), [Ph3PCH2С6H4(OH-2)][OSO2C6H3Me2-2,5] (4), [Ph3P(CH2)4Br][OSO2C6H3Me2-2,5] (5). The struc-ture of complexes 1–5 was determined by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy.
Structural features of polyfunctional tetraarylantimony carboxylates
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Sharutin V.
Published: September 2024

From ferrocenedicarboxylic acid, sulfosalicylic acid and pentaarylantimony Ar5Sb (Ar = Ph, p-Tol) in benzene, fully substituted organoantimony derivatives of ferrocenedicarboxylic and sulfosalicylic acids 1–3 were obtained, the structure of which after recrystallization from a benzene-octane mixture was proven by X-ray diffraction analysis. Structures 1–3 were established by X-ray diffraction. Crystals 1 [C68H64FeO4Sb2, M 1244.54; monoclinic syngony, symmetry group C21/c; cell parameters: a = 16.9983(2), b = 10.94570(10), c = 30.3224(3) Å; β = 99.8220(10); V = 5559.04(10) Å3; Z = 4; calc = 1.487 g/cm3; 2 5.28138.76 degrees; total reflections 32707; independent reflections 10281; number of specified parameters 684; Rint = 0.0496; GOOF 1.062; R1 = 0.0345, wR2 = 0.0853; residual electron density (max/min) 0.76/0.90 e/Å3], 2 [C60H48FeO4Sb2, M 1132.33; monoclinic syngony, symmetry group P21/n; cell parameters: a = 12.40720(10), b = 10.30830(10), c = 36.7290(4) Å; β = 94.1110(10) deg., V = 4685.45(8) Å3, Z = 4; calc = 1.605 g/cm3; 2 4.82138.56 degrees; total reflections 27748; independent reflections 8680; number of specified parameters 604; Rint = 0.0367; GOOF 1.033; R1 = 0.0277, wR2 = 0.0709; residual electron density (max/min) 0.86/0.81 e/Å3], 3 [C63H62O7SSb2, M 1206.78; monoclinic syngony, symmetry group P21/c; cell parameters: a = 20.9246(3), b = 13.5375(2), c = 21.4222(3) Å; β = 111.284(2) deg., V = 5654.30(16) Å3, Z = 4; calc = 1.4175 g/cm3; 2 4.54160 degrees; total reflections 48463; independent reflections 11892; number of specified parameters 699; Rint = 0.0443; GOOF 1.024; R1 = 0.0327, wR2 = 0.0907; residual electron density (max/min) 0.93/0.85 e/Å3]. The antimony atoms in molecules 1, 2 have a distorted octahedral configuration, taking into account the coordination of the carbonyl oxygen atoms to the metal atom. Structure 3 contains tetrahedral tetraaryl stibonium cations, the antimony atoms in which are coordinated with the oxygen atoms of sulfo groups (Sb∙∙∙O(5)=S 2.601 Å), and the same oxygen atom is coordinated with the ortho-hydrogen atom of one of the tolyl groups (H(46)∙∙∙O(5)=S 2.60 Å). Water molecules provide a structure to crystal 3 (H(7)∙∙∙O(4)=S 1.98 Å, H(7)∙∙∙O(5)=S 2.60 Å). (CCDC 2320709 for 1, 2320711 for 2, 2320717 for 3; deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk; http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk).
Study of the crystal structures of alkyltriphenylphosphonium 7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonates [Ph3PAlk][OSO2C9NH4(I-7)(OH-8)], Alk = CH2Ph, CH=CHMe, CH2C≡CH.
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Sharutin V. , Sharutina O. , Mekhanoshina E.
Published: September 2024

From alkyltriphenylphosphonium bromides and 7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid in water, ionic alkyltriphenylphosphonium 7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonates Ph3PAlk][OSO2C9NH4(I-7)(OH-8)], Alk = CH2Ph (1), CH=CHMe (2), CH2C≡CH (3) have been obtained. Crystals 1 [C34H27NO4PSI, M 703.50; monoclinic system, symmetry group P21/c; cell parameters: a = 8.805(4), b = 16.146(10), c = 20.833(11) Å; β = 93.410(17), V = 2956(3) Å3, Z = 4; rcalc = 1.581 g/cm3], 2 [C30H25NO4PSI, M 653.44; rhombic system, symmetry group P212121; cell parameters: a = 9.382(3), b = 14.033(4), c = 21.035(6) Å; a = β = g = 90.00 deg., V = 2769.5(15) Å3, Z = 4; rcalc = 1.567 g/cm3], 3 [C30H27NO6PSI, M 687.46; monoclinic system, symmetry group P21/n; cell parameters: a = 9.426(3), b = 19.239(5), c = 16.088(5) Å; β = 97.296(14) deg., V = 2894.0(15) Å3, Z = 4; rcalc = 1.578 g/cm3]. According to the X-ray diffraction data, the phosphorus atoms in cations 1–3 have a distorted tetrahedral coordination, while the sulfonate anions have a regular geometry with a tetrahedral sulfur atom. The P–C bond lengths vary in the range 1.772(3)−1.815(2) Å; the CPC bond angles take values of 106.08(11)°−112.33(11)°. In the arenesulfonate anions of the complexes, the S–C distances are close to each other [1.781(2)–1.7920(19) Å], the S–O bonds are practically aligned [1.4464(16)–1.4590(17) Å]. In the crystal of hydrate 3 [Ph3PCH2C≡CH][OSO2C9NH4(I-7)(OH-8)] ∙ 2H2O, water molecules participate in formation of a dimeric anion (the O∙∙∙H and N∙∙∙H distances are 1.93 and 2.03 Å, while the arene rings of the sulfonate ligands are almost parallel (the angle between them is 3.24°)). Other water molecules link the dimeric anions into a chain with hydrogen bonds (the O∙∙∙H distances equal 2.12 and 2.15 Å). The structural organization in complexes 1–3 is mainly due to weak intermolecular contacts of the O···H type: 2.04–2.69 Å (1), 2.05–2.69 Å (2), 2.12–2.15 Å (3).
Study of the structure of tetraarylantimony b-diketonates Ph4Sb[MeC(O)CHC(O)Ph], p-Tol4Sb[MeC(O)CEtC(O)Me] ∙ 1½PhH, p-Tol4Sb[MeC(O)СHC(O)NHPh]
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Sharutin V.
Published: September 2024

Reaction of pentaphenylantimony and penta(para-tolyl)antimony with -diketones in benzene (100 °C, 1 h) forms tetraarylantimony -diketonates Ph4Sb[MeC(O)CHC(O)Ph] (1), p-Tol4Sb[MeC(O)CEtC(O)Me] ∙ 1½PhH (2), p-Tol4Sb[MeC(O)СHC(O)NHPh] (3), characterized by IR spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystals 1 [C34H29O2Sb, M 591.32; triclinic system, symmetry group P–1; cell parameters: a = 9.524(13) Å, b = 9.827(10) Å, c = 17.350(18) Å;  = 99.03(3), β = 101.50(6),  = 111.02(4), V = 1438(3) Å3, Z = 2; cal = 1.365 g/cm3], 2 [C44H48O2Sb, M 730.57; triclinic system, symmetry group P–1; cell parameters: a = 9.740(5) Å, b = 14.283(6) Å, c = 15.174(6) Å;  = 107.818(14), β = 90.292(18),  = 105.33(2), V = 1929,7(16) Å3, Z = 2; cal = 1.257 g/cm3], 3 [C34H30NO2Sb, M 606.34; monoclinic system, symmetry group P21/n; cell parameters: a = 9.396(17) Å, b = 10.23(2) Å, c = 29.45(6) Å; β = 95.91(6), V = 2817(10) Å3, Z = 4; cal = 1.430 g/cm3]. The obtained tetraarylantimony -diketonates are crystal-line compounds with a distinct melting point, resistant to moisture and atmospheric oxygen, and highly soluble in aromatic solvents and polyhalide solvents. Complex 2 is a solvate and contains 1½ benzene molecules. According to the X-ray diffraction data, the antimony atoms in complexes 1–3 have a distorted octahedral coordination, with the chelate ring and two aryl substituents locat-ed in the equatorial plane, while two aryl ligands occupy axial positions.
Mechanosynthesis of polymer α-aminophosphonates
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia, Al-Ithawi W. , Al-Sammarraie I. , Kopchuk D. , Kovalev I. , Krinochkin А. , Rybakova S. , Nikonov I. , Zyryanov G. , Pospelova Т. , Matern А. ,   Technological University of Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq,   I.Ya. Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia,   Ural State Forest Engineering University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
Published: September 2024

Kabachnik–Fields reaction is widely used to obtain α-aminophosphonates, including polymeric ones. In addition, methods for the mechanosynthesis of α-aminophosphonates under mechanosyn-thesis conditions are being developed. The article examined methods for the preparation of aryl-substituted polymeric α-aminophosphonates by reacting isomeric diaminobiphenyls, terephthalic aldehyde and diethylphosphonate in the absence of a solvent in a ball mill. As a result, polymeric α-aminophosphonates 4 were obtained. The structure of the products was established on the basis of 1H, 31P and IR NMR spectra. In the 1H NMR spectrum, it should be noted the presence of charac-teristic signals of the protons of aromatic fragments in the form of multiplets at 8.62, 8.07 and 7.54 ppm, signals of the proton at the sp3-hybridized carbon atom in the form of a broadened singlet at 3.75 ppm, as well as a signal of the protons of the group OСH2CH3 as a multiplet at 4.14 ppm. and a multiplet at 1.20 ppm. In the 31P spectrum there was the presence of a phosphorus signal at 22.96 ppm. Absorption bands at 1161 cm–1 (P=O), 1051 cm–1 (P-C-O), 2957 cm–1 (OCH3) and 3445 cm–1 (NH amide fragment) were observed in the IR spectra. Additionally, the possibility of post-modification of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with fragments of α-aminophosphonates was investigat-ed by reacting the former with 2-aminothiophenol, benzoaldehyde and diethylphosphonate in the absence of a solvent in a ball mill, as well as by reacting with 2-aminothiophenol, terephthalic aldehyde and diethylphosphonate under similar conditions. Thus, a possibility of mechanosynthesis of α-aminophosphonates was demonstrated, as well as the possibility for the post-modification of PVC with fragments of α-aminophosphonates.
Optical properties of triethylaminium salt of trifluoroacetic acid
Authors:   G.A. Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry of the RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, Semenov V. , Zolotareva N. , Lopatin M.
Published: September 2024

. Triethylaminium trifluoroacetate (CH3CH2)3NH+ ‒O(O)C‒CF3, obtained by reacting tri-fluoroacetic acid with triethylamine, is a colorless ionic liquid that passes into the vapor phase when heated to 200–220 °C. The compound has been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, refractometry, electron absorption and emission spectroscopy. In the UV spectrum there is a weak absorption band in the range of 260–340 nm. When excited at 320 nm, the compound shows two photoluminescence bands at 375 and 425 nm. The ionic liquid readily dissolves lanthanide coordination compounds: erbium(III) phenanthroline thenoyltrifluoromethyl acetonate Er(tta)3·phen, europium(III) tris(3-trifluoroacetamidobenzoyltrifluoroacetonate) and holmium(III) acetylacetonate Ho(acac)3. The absorption spectra of erbium(III), europium(III), holmium(III) β-diketonates and emission spectra of erbium(III) and europium(III) β-diketonates are presented.
Formation of polymer materials with increased thermal stability
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Vikhareva I.
Published: September 2024

Due to its versatility, low cost and relative environmental safety, polyvinyl chloride be-longs to the most widely used group of thermoplastics. The key method in the production of composites based on polyvinyl chloride is the introduction of additives that improve the required characteristics. The expansion of the scope of polymeric materials leads to the development of composites with increased thermal stability. Achieving this goal with the help of phosphorus-containing and halogen-containing additives is not always justified and possible. Mineral fillers do not lose their relevance in the production of composites with increased thermal stability. Sustainable development contributes to the need for certain reasonable decisions to ensure the safety of our planet. One of these is the involvement of waste in the production cycle. The main factor in using fillers is to ensure a uniform distribution of particles, which is achievedby reducing the particle size of a filler, among other things. The paper shows the potential use of vermiculite and eggshell as fillers for polymers with increased thermal stability. Formulations of PVC compositions containing the listed fillers have been compiled. The synergism of the effect of these additives on the thermoanalytical characteristics of PVC compositions has been studied. Their joint influence of compounds with their content on the rheology has been determined.
4,4’-Dipyridylcopper(II) nitrate as a 2D organometallic framework
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Osipov A. , Nayfert S. , Rajakumar K. , Dorovatovskiy P. , Efremov A. , Zherebtsov D. ,   National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russia
Published: September 2024

The crystal structure of the organometallic framework, namely, 4,4’-dipyridylcopper(II) nitrate with the DMSO molecule in the copper coordination sphere, has been described, the structural features have been established by the X-ray method. Crystallographic data: C55H93Cu2N12O23S7, М 1641.91; monoclinic syngony, space group P 1 21/n 1; cell parameters: a = 15.490(3), b = 14.760(3), c = 15.980(3); a = 90, β = 90.10(3), g = 90 deg.; V = 3653.5(13) Å3, Z = 2, ρcalc = 1.493 g/cm3. The bidental ligand in the organometallic framework is 4,4’-bipyridyl; copper, being a complexing ion, forms a coordination octahedron, the nitrogen atoms of bipyridine fragments are in four equatorial positions, the oxygen atoms of nitrate ion and dimethyl sulfoxide are in two axial positions. The Cu–N bond lengths in the equatorial position are in the range of 2.014–2.031 Å, and the Cu–O bond lengths are 2.297 Å and 2.515 Å. The occupation of the equatorial positions by 4,4’-dipyridyl leads to formation of a layered structure, which distinguishes the resulting compound from another MOF based on copper(II), nitrate ions and 4,4’-dipyridyl, in which all the equatorial positions are occupied by NO3-groups. The individual layers in the obtained 4,4’-dipyridylcopper(II) nitrate are not crosslinked; they are shifted relative to neighboring layers. The pyridyl rings of 4,4’-dipyridyl are rotated at an angle of 5.77(2) degrees. relative to each other.
Beyond the surface: a closer look at the stratigraphy of synthetic-coated fabrics in fashion collections and commercial samples through optical microscopy
Authors: Tomás Ferreira Joana , De Vrieze Sander , van der Velde Eline , Verkens Kim , França de Sá Susana
Published: September 2024

Synthetic-coated fabrics, often made of short-life expectancy coatings, namely plasticised poly(vinyl chloride) (p‑PVC) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), are challenging to preserve. These materials are poorly studied within the conservation field, and there is a lack of research and solutions for their preservation. This study aimed to provide insight into the yet unknown variability of p-PVC and TPU-coated fabrics in fashion collections. The subtle differences in layer construction and morphology were investigated in a selected set of materials to unveil production methods and better understand delamination damages, namely peeling and flaking. Optical microscopy provided primary material assessment, complemented by ATR-FTIR for molecular identification. A wide variability of synthetic-coated fabrics was reported and connections between morphology, production methods and delamination damages were suggested. Optical microscopy proved to be a powerful tool in the study of the stratigraphy of coated fabrics, enhancing material knowledge for more informed conservation decisions.
Vymezení umělých ostrovů v mezinárodním mořském právu a jeho význam pro spory v Jihočínském moři
Authors: Janata Marek
Published: September 2024

This paper explores the concept of islands in international law and its implications for the South China Sea dispute. Islands are important for various reasons, such as territorial sovereignty, maritime rights, and natural resources. However, the legal binding definition of artificial islands has not been enacted by any international document until now. This paper traces the historical development of the concept of islands, from the Hague Conference in 1930 to the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1982. It also analyses the challenges and opportunities of artificial islands, which are man-made structures that can serve different purposes but can also create various legal and environmental problems. Artificial islands are especially relevant for the South China sea dispute, which involves multiple costal states, while China has significant geopolitical and economic implications. This paper argues that the South China Sea dispute can be resolved through cooperation and dialogue, based on international law framework. Taking into account the provisions of UNCLOS, South China Sea dispute, state practise, and legal scholarship, this article aims to unpack the complexities surrounding artificial island and implications of artificial islands on the international relations.
Štěpánková, Kateřina. Odpovědnost zaměstnavatele za škodu
Authors: Vysokajová Margerita
Published: September 2024

Book review on Štěpánková, Kateřina. Odpovědnost zaměstnavatele za škodu. Praha: Auditorium, 2024, 238 s. ISBN 978-80-87284-97-1
Pelc, Vladimír – Pelc, Vladimír. Daně z příjmů s komentářem
Authors: Slovák Martin
Published: September 2024

Book review on Pelc, Vladimír – Pelc, Vladimír. Daně z příjmů s komentářem. 19. přepr. vyd. OLOMOUC: ANAG, 2024, 790 s. Isbn 978-80-7554-368-4
Looking Back at the Competition Law Challenges 2024 Conference
Authors: Mňuk Jiří , Kupčík Jan , Kopárek Šimon
Published: September 2024

Conference report
Šestý ročník konference doktorandů soukromého práva s názvem Civilistické pábení, letos na téma Výzvy soukromého práva 10 let poté
Authors: Úlehlová Simona
Published: September 2024

Conference report
Über den Zeitpunkt und die Ursachen erster Ansätze zur Modifikation der Kriegszielplanung und der Okkupationspolitik Hitlerdeutschlands (Herbst 1942 bis Frühjahr 1943)
Authors: Nestler Ludwig
Published: September 2024

Zu den nicht oder kaum umstrittenen Erkenntnissen über die Okkupationspolitik Hitlerdeutschlands in den zeitweilig besetzten Gebieten gehört die Feststellung, daß Charakter wie Spezifika dieser Politik wesentlich von zwei Faktoren geprägt wurden: zum einen von der deutschen Kriegszielplanung, d.h. davon, welcher Stellenwert und welches zukünftiges Schicksal dera jeweili- gen Volk bzw. Staat in den langfristigen Zielvorstellungen der Führung Hitlerdeutschlands zugedacht wurde, zum anderen von der sich verändernden internationalen Lage, d.h. vor allem von der Widersprüchlichkeit, die für die objek- tive Lage der Achsenmächte durch die sich nach 1941/42 zu ihren Ungunsten verändernde militärische Lage in wachsendem Maße kennzeichnend war.
Die Rolle der Berufsschulen in der Ausbildung von Angestellten für den hitlerfaschistischen Okkupanten am Beispiel des Regierungsbezirkes Katowice
Authors: Molenda Janina
Published: September 2024

Die effektive Funktionierung der Wirtschaft des hitlerfaschistischen Deutschlands hing in überwiegendem Maße von der entsprechenden Vorbereitung des Nachwuchses von Fachleuten und von den breiten Scharen der Angestellten ab. Mit dem Verlauf der Kriegshandlungen und der Entwicklung der Situation an den Fronten des zweiten Weltkrieges steigerte sich die Nachfrage nach Produktionseffekten aller Industriezweige. Dies war einer der Gründe des breiten Aushaus des Berufsschulwesens, dessen Aufgabe, abhängig vom Grad der Schule, die Vorbereitung der Angestellten für die deutsche Industrie war, und zwar in kürzester Zeit. Das Prophil des gesamten Berufs- schulwesens im Reiche wurde durch die Anordnungen des Ministeriums für Wissenschaft, Erziehung und Volksbildung vom 23.8. und 29. 11. 1938 umrissen. Es sah folgende drei Hauptgruppen vor: Berufsschulen, Berufsfachschulen und Fachschulen vor. Diese Einteilung wurde auf dem Gebiet des Regierungsbezirkes Katowice beibehalten und eingeführt. Von dem Bedarf der Industrie an am niedrigsten qualifizierten Arbeitskräften zeugt die Tatsache der Einführung der Schulpflicht in Regierungsbezirk Katowice vom 28. 5. 1940 ab, wodurch die Jugend im Alter von 14 - 18 Jahren gezwungen war, die Berufsschulen zu besuchen. Das betraf den Teil der Jugend, der aus verschiedenen Gründen keinen Zugang zu den höheren Schulen hatte. Bei Verweigerung der Schulpflicht drohten verwaltungsbehördliche Strafen, einschließlich der Zuführung des Schülers zur Schule von einem Polizisten.
Learning human actions from complex manipulation tasks and their transfer to robots in the circular factory
Authors: Zaremski Manuel , Handwerker Blanca , Dreher Christian R. G. , Leven Fabian , Schneider David , Roitberg Alina , Stiefelhagen Rainer , Neumann Gerhard , Heizmann Michael , Asfour Tamim , Deml Barbara
Published: September 2024

Process automation is essential to establish an economically viable circular factory in high-wage locations. This involves using autonomous production technologies, such as robots, to disassemble, reprocess, and reassemble used products with unknown conditions into the original or a new generation of products. This is a complex and highly dynamic issue that involves a high degree of uncertainty. To adapt robots to these conditions, learning from humans is necessary. Humans are the most flexible resource in the circular factory and they can adapt their knowledge and skills to new tasks and changing conditions. This paper presents an interdisciplinary research framework for learning human action knowledge from complex manipulation tasks through human observation and demonstration. The acquired knowledge will be described in a machine-executable form and will be transferred to industrial automation execution by robots in a circular factory. There are two primary research objectives. First, we investigate the multi-modal capture of human behavior and the description of human action knowledge. Second, the reproduction and generalization of learned actions, such as disassembly and assembly actions on robots is studied.