bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of transient elastography and shear wave elastography in patients with MAFLD: A single-center experience
Authors: Kohla Mohamed Ahmed Samy , El Fayoumi Ahmed , Abdelsameea Eman , Elsabaawy Maha , Aly Rasha Abdelhafiz , Elkhadry Sally Waheed , Assem Medhat
Published: April 2024

Background: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis are intimately linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Transient elastography (TE) and point shear wave elastography (pSWE) were used to measure liver stiffness in patients who met the ultrasound criteria for steatotic liver diseases (SLD). This study compared two methods for estimating liver stiffness in patients with SLD, which in turn correlated with liver fibrosis. Method: Ultrasound B-mode imaging was used to identify SLD. In total, 250 MAFLD patients were recruited. Patient characteristics, laboratory investigations, and liver stiffness measurements using TE and pSWE were assessed on the same day.

Results: In the study, 56.0% of the patients were male, with a mean age of 41.5 ± 10.7 years. The correlation between TE and pSWE was significant (Spearman’s r = 0.867*, p < 0.001). The Bland-Altman Plot analysis confirmed this, with 97.5% of variations in LSM falling within 95% agreement ranges. Cohen’s κ was used to assess the agreement between TE and pSWE fibrosis stages, showing almost perfect agreement (83.5% kappa agreement) and a strong association between pSWE and TE in the assessment fibrosis stages.

Conclusion: In patients with MAFLD, TE, and SWE are reliable methods for measuring liver stiffness and can be used as non-invasive screening tools for the assessment of fibrosis in SLD.
China’s Opening to the World: Models, Stages, and Directions
Authors: Guangjun Sui , Tang Danling , Ke Yang , Jialing Zou
Published: April 2024

The article includes four sections: the historical stages of China’s opening-up, the developmental patterns of China’s opening-up, the open policy of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), and the bilateral opening-up developments between China and Russia. Starting with elaboration of the primary processes of China’s opening-up since the era of reform and opening-up, summarizing the distinct historical stages of China’s opening-up and the main features of each developmental phase. Subsequently, it analyzes the characteristics of China’s external development in spatial patterns, and selects two typical cases of China’s external development, namely Hainan Free Trade Port and Chongqing, for further analysis. Furthermore, it meticulously reviews the opening initiatives in key sectors of the GBA’s development and its contributions to China’s high-level external openness. Finally, the article briefly introduces the main measures and outcomes of enhancing bilateral openness between China and Russia under the current international circumstances.
Influence Work-Family Conflict, Workplace Well-Being, and The Workload Turnover Intention on Lecturer Performance in LLDIKTI Region IX
Authors: Mariana Lina , Ramly Mansyur , Sinring Bahar , Rahman Zainuddin
Published: April 2024

Objectives: The research aims to achieve several objectives: Test the effect of work-family conflict on turnover intention.Test the effect of workplace well-being on turnover intention. Test the effect of workload on turnover intention. Test the effect of work-family conflict on performance. Test the effect of workplace well-being on performance. Test the effect of workload on performance. Test the effect of turnover intention on performance. Test the effect of work-family conflict on lecturer performance through turnover intention. Test the effect of workplace well-being on lecturer performance through turnover intention. Test the effect of workload on lecturer performance in Higher Education Region IX through turnover intention.
 
Methods: This research employs primary data collection, with a population of 17,859 individuals and a sample size of 150. The analysis model used is descriptive quantitative, and Smartpls software is utilized as the analysis tool.
 
Results: Work-family conflict has a positive but insignificant effect on turnover intention among lecturers in LLdikti Region IX, Makassar. Workplace well-being negatively and significantly affects turnover intention among lecturers in LLdikti Region IX. Workload positively influences turnover intention among lecturers in LLdikti Region IX. Work-family conflict has a negative and insignificant effect on the performance of lecturers in LLdikti Region IX. Workplace well-being positively impacts the performance of lecturers in LLdikti Region IX. Workload negatively affects the performance of lecturers in Higher Education Region IX. Turnover intention positively affects the performance of lecturers in Higher Education Region IX. Work-family conflict insignificantly influences lecturer performance through turnover intention in Higher Education Region IX. Workplace well-being significantly influences lecturer performance through turnover intention in LLdikti Region IX. Workload significantly influences lecturer performance through turnover intention in LLdikti Region IX.
 
Conclusion: In conclusion, the research findings highlight the nuanced relationships between various factors and their impact on turnover intention and performance among lecturers in Higher Education Region IX. While work-family conflict and workload show mixed effects on turnover intention, workplace well-being emerges as a significant factor influencing both turnover intention and performance positively. The findings underscore the importance of addressing work-related stressors and fostering a supportive work environment to enhance lecturer performance and mitigate turnover intention in academic settings.
The digital pulse of preparedness: staff perceptions on learning management systems in health emergency operations
Authors: Alamri Mohammed , Dinar Hisham , Alasmari Sualiman
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background:
The learning management system (LMSs) are online platforms that are used to conduct and support teaching and training at various institutions worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the perception towards the use of Moodle and Google classrooms LMS tools in the training among the National Health Emergency Operation Center (NHEOC) staff and compare their perceptions.
Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study with a post-test design conducted at NHEOC in Saudi Arabia in 2023. A training program regarding crises and disaster situations was delivered via Moodle and Google classrooms. At the end of each session, participants were invited to fill a questionnaire regarding their perception towards these tools.
Results:
A total of 72 and 65 individuals responded to the questionnaire after the end of Moodle class and Google classrooms, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean perception scores between Moodle and Google classrooms by; the easy access to the browser (4.18 ± 1.24 versus 4.14 ± 1.09, p-value = 0.692), the easy access to the App (4.02 ± 1.31 versus 4.11 ± 1.08 , p-value = 0.658), the ease of browsing the educational content (4.17 ± 1.13 versus 4.14 ± 1.06, p-value = 0.872), and the ease of dealing with the system functions (4.08 ± 1.14 versus 4.09 ± 1.16, p-value = 0.889).
Conclusion:
Participants reported similar perception towards the use of Moodle and Google classrooms in training programs. Meanwhile, majority reported that they preferred Moodle to Google classrooms.
İDRAR KÜLTÜRLERİNDEN İZOLE EDİLEN ESCHERİCHİA COLİ SUŞLARININ KLİNİKTE SIKÇA KULLANILAN ANTİBİYOTİKLERE KARŞI DİRENÇ ORANLARININ ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Tuna Ayşegül , Arslan Ferhat , Akkuş İlknur , Böke Eftal , Şahin Ömer , Kaçmaz Birgül , Gül Serdar
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada bölgemizde üriner enfeksiyonlara yol açan E. coli suşlarının klinikte sıkça kullanılan antibiyotiklere karşı direnç oranlarının tespit edilmesi ve bu bulguların ampirik antibiyotik tedavisinde yol gösterici olması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada Kırıkkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarında Haziran 2022-Haziran 2023 tarihleri arasında ayaktan hastalardan alınan idrar kültürlerinden izole edilen E. coli suşları’nın antibiyotik duyarlılıkları BD Phoenix™ M50 bakteri identifikasyon ve antibiyotik duyarlılık testi otomatize sistemle çalışılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 335’i kadın 99’u erkek hastadan izole edilmiş 434 E. coli suşu dahil edilmiştir. 434 suşun 43’ünün (%9.9) de genişlemiş spektrumlu beta-laktamazlar ürettiği tespit edilmiştir. E. Coli suşlarına karşı en yüksek direnç oranları florokinolonlar ve üçüncü kuşak sefalosporinlere karşı saptanırken en düşük direnç oranları karbapenem, amikasin, fosfomisin ve nitrofurantoine karşı saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Çalışmada elde edilen direnç oranları göz önüne alındığında basit sistiti olan hastaların ampirik ayaktan tedavileri için bölgemizde fosfomisin, nitrofurantoin ve TMP- SXT uygun tedavi seçenekleri olarak görülmektedir. Yüksek direnç oranları nedeniyle ampirik florokinolon kullanımından kaçınılmalıdır. Genişlemiş spektrumlu beta-laktamazlar üreten suşların tedavisinde de karbapenemler ve amikasin uygun tedavi seçenekleri olarak görülmektedir.
EVALUATION OF RECOVERY BY STAPES REFLEX IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL FACIAL PARALYSIS
Authors: Cömert Ela , Tekin Yasin
Published: April 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the acoustic reflex in different frequencies at the time of diagnosis, during the treatment and follow-up of patients with idiopathic peripheral facial nerve palsy and compare these results with House-Brackmann clinical scoring to determine the prognostic value of acoustic reflex in these patients.
Material and Methods: Thirty-three adult patients with idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (aged 18-77 years, 16 male, 17 female) were included in the study. All the patients were clinically graded with House-Brackmann clinical scoring and acoustic reflex test was performed at the time of diagnosis, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th weeks, 2nd and 3rd month. Ipsilateral acoustic reflex thresholds were measured from both ears with impedance audiometry using a 226 Hz probe tone.
Results: Significant relation was observed between the presence of sequel and initial grade and absence of acoustic reflex at 0.5, 1, 2 kHz at time of diagnosis. In addition, after the 1st week, a significant relation was also detected at 4 kHz frequency during all the follow-up period. The risk of sequelae would increase more than 3 times as the initial grade value increased.
Conclusion: The present study revealed the relation between the sequel and initial high grade, the absence of acoustic reflex at 0.5, 1, 2 kHz at time of diagnosis in addition with high age. Statistics does not support the same relation at 4 kHz frequency at time of diagnosis. However, statistic reveals that only the initial grade can best predict the risk of sequel, in addition, the risk of sequel increases more than 3 times as the initial grade value increase.
YAŞLI BİREYLERDE MALNÜTRİSYONUN SAPTANMASI, BESLENME DURUMU VE BAZI BİYOKİMYASAL PARAMETRELERİN SARKOPENİ İLE İLİŞKİSİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Civan Beyza Nur , Ekici Emine Merve
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışma huzurevinde yaşayan 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerde malnütrisyon ve sarkopeni durumunun belirlenmesi, besin ögesi alımı ve bazı biyokimyasal parametrelerin sarkopeni varlığıyla ilişkisinin incelenmesi amacıyla planlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 32 erkek ve 38 kadın olmak üzere toplam 70 birey dâhil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerle yapılan anket formunda bireylerin genel özellikleri, genel sağlık durumları, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve 24 saatlik besin tüketimleri sorgulanmıştır. Bireylerin Tanita RD-545 biyoelektrik impedans analiz cihazı ile vücut kompozisyonu belirlenmiş, antropometrik ölçümleri alınmış ve el dinamometresi ile el kavrama gücü ölçülmüştür. Bireylerin hasta dosyalarından biyokimyasal parametreler bilgi formu oluşturulmuştur. Bireylerde beslenme durumunu belirlemek için Mini Nütrisyonel Değerlendirme Testi ve sarkopeni durumunu belirlemek için Basit Sarkopeni Sorgulama Formu kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Kadınların %15.6’sında, erkeklerin %26.3’ünde malnütrisyon riski tespit edilmiştir. Sarkopeni sıklığı ise kadınlarda %21.9, erkeklerde %21.1 olarak bulunmuştur. Sarkopenisi olan bireylerde, malnütrisyon görülme sıklığı ve malnütrisyon riski sarkopenisi olmayanlara göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p
MÜZİK DESTEKLİ ANIMSAMA TERAPİSİNİN DEMANSLI YAŞLI BİREYLERİN BİLİŞSEL FONKSİYONLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: SİSTEMATİK DERLEME VE META ANALİZ PROTOKOLÜ
Authors: Kaplan Uyan Tuğçe , Aşık Elif , Keser İlkay
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Demanslı bireylere uygulanan müzik destekli anımsama terapisinin (MDAT), bilişsel işlevler üzerine etkisinin araştırılacağı sistematik derleme ve meta analiz çalışmasının protokolünün sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, MDAT’ın demanslı yaşlı bireylerin bilişsel fonksiyonları üzerindeki etkisini değerlendiren randomize kontrollü çalışmalar sistematik olarak incelenecektir. Literatür tarama ve çalışmaların seçimi gibi süreçlerde rehber olarak sistematik derleme ve meta analiz çalışmaları için hazırlanmış olan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols kontrol listesi kullanılacaktır. Araştırmanın verileri literatürde yayınlanmış çalışmalardan elde edileceği için etik kurul onayına gerek duyulmamıştır. Arama dizeleri; “Wiley Online Library, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCOhost CINAHL Compete ve Cochrane Library” veri tabanlarında taranacaktır. Literatür taraması, İngilizce dilinde, yıl sınırlaması yapılmadan, 16 Ocak 2024 tarihine kadar gerçekleştirilecektir. Tarama iki araştırmacı tarafından bağımsız olarak yürütülecektir. Üçüncü araştırmacı işlemin doğruluğunu kontrol edecek ve uzlaşma sağlanamayan veriler için uzman görüşü verecektir. Dâhil edilen çalışmalar Cochrane ROB-2 aracı kullanılarak değerlendirilecektir. Veri ayıklama sürecinde incelenen çalışmalar iki araştırmacı tarafından incelenip ayıklanacak ve ilgili forma kaydedilecektir. Kodlayıcı güvenirliği ve değerlendiriciler arası uyumu belirlemede Cohen’s Kappa istatistiği için SPSS sürüm 22.0 paket programından faydalanılacaktır. Çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlara göre müzik destekli anımsama terapisinin etkinliğini değerlendirmek için ilgili çalışma sonuçları (örneğin ruh sağlığındaki değişiklikler) üzerinde meta-analiz gerçekleştirilecektir. Eğer meta-analiz mümkün değilse, sonuçlar sistematik derleme olarak raporlanacaktır.
Bulgular: Literatürde farklı müdahaleler olan müzik ve anımsama terapisinin yaşlı bireylerde bilişsel işlevleri iyileştirdiği belirtilmektedir. Müzik destekli anımsama terapisinin de benzer şekilde demanslı yaşlı bireylerin bilişsel işlevlerini iyileştireceği düşünülmektedir.
Sonuç: Bu sistematik derlemeden elde edilen bulgular, araştırmacılar için müdahale programlarının geliştirilmesi ve uygulanmasına yol gösterici olacaktır. Bu kapsamda birlikte uygulanan müzik destekli anımsama terapisi müdahalesinin özelliklerini ve etkinliğini belirleyecek olan bu çalışmanın bulguları, demanslı yaşlılarda bilişsel işlevleri iyileştirmeye yönelik çözüm sunma potansiyeline sahiptir.
WHITE SPOT LESIONS: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT METHODS
Authors: Haberal Merve
Published: April 2024

White spot lesions are early caries lesions with a milky white opaque appearance, clearly distinguishable from the surrounding intact enamel due to the difference in refractive index between the intact enamel and the demineralized area. Diagnosing these lesions and treating them early prevents the excessive loss of material in the dental tissue that will occur as the caries progresses. This review is mainly focusing on, the development, diagnosis and management of the white spot lesions.
PİRAZOL-AKRİDİN TÜREVİ SENTEZİNİN SKBR-3 İNSAN MEME KANSERİ HÜCRE HATTINDA POTANSİYEL ANTİKANSER AKTİVİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Küçükbağrıaçık Yusuf , Dastouri Mohammad Reza , Elmusa Muna , Elmusa Fatıma , Yılmaz Hümeyra , Kasımoğulları Rahmi
Published: April 2024

Amaç: Antikanser aktiviteye sahip heterosiklik bileşikler arasında yer alan, içerdikleri iki nitrojen atomu ile pirazol ve bir nitrojen atomu ile akridin türevleri, kanser, nörolojik bozukluklar ve bulaşıcı hastalıkların tedavisinde umut verici sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel hedefi, sentezlenen pirazol ve akridin bileşiğinin, özellikle insan meme kanseri (SKBR-3) hücreleri üzerindeki antikanser aktivitesini araştırılmasıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma kapsamında, 2- hidrazinobenzotiyazol ve 4-kloroasetofenon kullanılarak sentezlenen hidrazona dayalı olarak pirazol-4-karbaldehit elde edilmiştir. Pirazol-4-karbaldehit, 5,5-dimetilsikloheksan-1,3- dion ve 4-nitroanilin kullanılarak halkalandırma yöntemiyle yeni bir pirazol-akridin türevine (3-ACH) dönüştürülmüştür. 3- ACH, Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi Spektroskopisi, Nükleer Manyetik Rezonans, Kütle Spektrometrisi ve elemental analiz kullanılarak karakterize edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, SKBR-3 hücrelerinde 3-ACH'nin sitotoksik etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla farklı dozlarda (50, 100 ve 150 μg/mL) ve farklı sürelerde (12 ve 24 saat) hücre canlılığı testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, 3-ACH uygulamasının ardından BAX, Kaspaz-3, Kaspaz-8 ve Kaspaz-9 apopitoz yollarını immün boyama yöntemiyle incelemiştir.
Bulgular: 3-ACH'nin insan meme kanseri hücrelerinde sitotoksik etkiler gösterdiğini, bu etkilerin dozaj ve süre ile ilişkili olduğunu gösterdik. Apopitozun içsel yolaklardan sorumlu olan Kaspaz-9 ve BAX, dışsal yolaklardan sorumlu olan Kaspaz-8 sentezi immün boyama yöntemi ile artışı gösterilmiştir. Ayrıca hem içsel hem de dışsal yollardan sorumlu olan Kaspaz-3’ün protein sentezi de belirgin bir şekilde artmıştır.
Sonuç: Bu bulgular, 3-ACH’nin hem içsel hem de dışsal apopitoz yollarını aktive ederek sitotoksik etkilerine katkıda bulunabilir. Araştırmamızın bulguları, 3-ACH'ın kanser tedavisi için umut verici bir ajan olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik kanıtlar sunmaktadır. 3-ACH tedavisinin apopitotik yanıtındaki rolü daha detaylı şekilde anlamak için ek araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Sobre el predominio de los aspectos formales en los programas de español de secundaria
Authors: Rojas Juan de la Cruz
Published: April 2024

Resumen
La noción de "tiempo" y las formas verbales del español
Authors: Baena Z. Luis Ángel
Published: April 2024

Resumen
Harrison, J. E. (2023). Recuerdos de la vida de una estudiante (A. Saborit, Trad.). Trama.
Authors: Lanza González Henar
Published: April 2024

Jane Elllen Harrison (1850-1928) fue una pionera: fue la primera mujer académica de Inglaterra, una de las primeras mujeres en cursar Estudios Clásicos en Newnham College de Cambridge, la primera mujer en recibir un doctorado honoris causa LLD (Doctor of Laws) en la Universidad de Aberdeen y la primera profesora de Cambridge.
PROMOSI APLIKASI KEUANGAN DIGITAL UNTUK UKM WIRAUSAHA WANITA (WITA)
Authors: Nengzih Nengzih , Tarmidi Deden
Published: April 2024

Abstrak:
Proposal pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mensosialisasikan bagaimana memahami dan menerapkan teknologi digital yang dapat membantu UKM dalam mendukung kegiatan usahanya. Laporan mengulas inovasi teknologi utama dan bagaimana masing-masing inovasi tersebut memberikan manfaat bagi UKM dalam meningkatkan akses terhadap pembiayaan. Kemudian kajian ini mengeksplorasi tren digitalisasi yang mengatasi hambatan akses terhadap pembiayaan bagi UKM dari perspektif berikut: (i) Digitalisasi produk keuangan UKM; (ii) Digitalisasi UKM; dan (iii) Pasar yang mendukung digitalisasi UKM dan produk keuangan UKM. Proposal pengabdian masyarakat ini menggandeng UKM Wirausaha (WITA), Jakarta. Hal inilah yang mendorong dibentuknya program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat oleh tim Universitas Mercu Buana yang bertujuan untuk mengedukasi para UKM bagaimana mengelola bisnis UKM yang baik dan efisien dengan memanfaatkan bisnis keuangan digital di era digitalisasi dengan memanfaatkan teknologi berbasis smartphone yang mudah. untuk UKM yang menggunakan keuangan digital ini. Sistem ePayment memperkenalkan sejumlah manfaat dan keuntungan baru bagi bisnis, memberikan mereka keunggulan kompetitif yang mereka perlukan agar menonjol. Berikut adalah beberapa manfaat yang akan diperoleh bisnis Anda dari beralih ke sistem Pembayaran ane. Mengurangi biaya transaksi, mengamankan transaksi pembayaran, menghemat waktu dan sumber daya. Aamiin.
 
Kata Kunci : Keuangan Digital, Keuangan Inovatif, UKM
 
Abstract:
This proposal community Service aims to socialize how to understand and implementing digital technologies that can help SMEs to supporting their business activity report reviews the main technology innovations and how each of them benefit SMEs in increasing access to finance. Then it explores the digitalization trends that address the barriers to the access to finance for SMEs from the following perspectives: (i) Digitilized SME financial products; (ii) Digitalization of SMEs; and (iii) Market enablers for the digitalization of SMEs and SME financial products. This proposal community service took SMEs Wirausaha (WITA), Jakarta. This is what prompted the establishment of the Community Service program by Universitas Mercu Buana team which aims to educate SMEs on how to manage a good and efficient SMEs business by using digital finance business in the era of digitalization by utilizing smartphone-based technology that is easy for SMEs using this digital finance. ePayment systems introduce a host of new benefits and advantages for businesses, giving them the competitive advantage they need to stand out. Here are some of the benefits your business will see from switching to ane-Payment system. Reduced transaction costs secure epayment transactions saved Ttme and resources. Aamiin
Keywords: Digital Finance, Innovative Finance, SMEs
Kinetic Analysis of Catalytic Dry Reforming of Methane Using Ni-ZrO2/MCM-41 Catalyst
Authors: Al-Ali Maha , Aljbory Alfaisal , Abdullah Ghassan H.
Published: April 2024

This work investigates the kinetics of catalytic dry reforming of methane (CDRM) to produce hydrogen gas using nickel-based catalysts. A new catalyst was prepared, Ni-ZrO2@MCM-41 (MCMZ) and used in the CDRM reaction. The textural, physical, and morphological scans are used to characterize the prepared catalyst. The performance of the newly prepared catalyst in terms of temperature effects and long-term stability is assessed. The reaction activation energy is studied as well. The outcomes of this study revealed that the MCMZ provided the highest conversion values for CH4 and CO2, with 89 and 91%, respectively. The optimum reaction temperature to achieve the highest syngas conversion was 800 °C. In addition, two new models that present CH4 and CO2 conversions for MCMZ as a function of reaction time to predict the rate of catalyst activity were built with very high accuracy. It was found that the activation energy was within the expected limits. Finally, the constants and reaction rate were determined. To conclude, this research creates a new catalyst with high performance to enhance hydrogen gas production from methane with carbon dioxide that contributes significantly to the field of yielding alternative energy sources.
A propósito de un caso: «cada vez está más desviolinada»
Authors: Noda Martín Yaiza , Herrera Luis María Yurena
Published: April 2024

The aging process involves an accumulation of significant losses, and if it occurs in a person with a chronically high-complexity illness, they would find themselves in a vulnerable situation. Therefore, providing effective care requires a person-centered approach, necessitating support to cope with the new situation. In 1998, Eakes et al. developed a Middle Range Theory (MRT) focused on chronic sorrow, offering a conceptual framework to understand individual reactions and guide professionals in addressing a person who has experienced a significant loss.
Optimizing Verapamil Hydrochloride In-situ Delivery: A Strategic Formulation Approach using Box-Behnken Design for Enhanced Performance and Comprehensive Evaluation of Formulation Parameters
Authors: Choudhary Ram K , Beeraka Sulochana , Sarkar Biresh K , Dharmamoorthy G , Devhare Lalchand
Published: April 2024

This study focuses on formulating and assessing an in-situ gastro-retentive gel for precise delivery of verapamil hydrochloride to the stomach, aiming to extend its residence time and improve targeted delivery. Gels were synthesized in-situ using a cation-controlled gelation method, incorporating varied blends of pectin and HPMCK4M. Design Expert’s box behnken design was employed to assess responses such as buoyancy lag time, water uptake, and cumulative drug discharge. Results revealed that the developed gels exhibited a total float time exceeding 10 hours, with formulation T-2 showing the least floating lag time and a cumulative drug release of 99.40 ± 3.24% over 10 hours. This suggests effective prolongation of the gastric residence time, enabling controlled verapamil hydrochloride release. Additional evaluations, including appearance, pH, viscosity, in-vitro gel formation, drug content, density, and gel force, supported the robustness of the developed gels. Subsequent in-vitro dissolution and stability studies affirmed consistent active ingredient content, highlighting formulation stability over time. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that the in-situ gels effectively extend gastric residence time, facilitating controlled verapamil hydrochloride release, marking significant advancements in drug delivery systems and targeted drug delivery within the gastrointestinal tract.
Design Development and Characterization of Nicardipine Solid Lipid Nano-Particulars
Authors: Kumar Kotha Kranthi , Kiran Vema , Choudhary Ram Kumar , Devhare Lalchand D , Gunjal Sachinkumar Dnyaneshwar
Published: April 2024

The present work was designed and characterized nicardipine solid lipid nano-particulars and formulated into capsule. The formulation was evaluated and stability also as per the specified limits. The nanoparticles were prepared by solid hydrophilic adsorbents. The obtained ratio of 1:1:1:2 of drugs, soy PC, DMPC, and labrasol shows the highest dissolved in water. The liquid form was converted into a solid product using an adsorbent like anhydrous lactose and aerosil 200. The above results indicated aerosil 200 containing which helped in enhanced dissolve state in water. The results indicated the formulation trial-6 %drug content -100.2, entrapment efficiency 84.13 ± 1.64, zeta potential measurement 0.789 ± 0.32, Drug release rate at 3rd hour 81.6% and relative bioavailability of optimized nanoparticle formulation (CNF-6) was significantly increased. As a result, the produced lipid-based formulation shown potential as a method for improving the transfer of lipophilic chemicals that are weakly water-soluble to the aqueous phase, hence improving oral bioavailability
Targeting Breast Cancer: Encapsulation and In-vitro Studies of α-Amyrin from Capparis zeylanica L.
Authors: Dombe Shailaja A , Shirote Pramodkumar J
Published: April 2024

Historically, Capparis zeylanica L. has garnered attention for its potential effectiveness in treating cancer. This has inspired the researchers to delve into the plant’s properties in search of new and innovative compounds with anticancer properties. Therefore, the current study aimed to encapsulate and characterize α-amyrin phytochemical from leaf extract of C. zeylanica L. and study it for the in-vitro cancer cell line. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method development of C. zeylanica L. extracts furnished α-amyrin, whose characterization was established by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Molecular docking was performed using Auto Dock Vina software to validate the mechanism of action. The α-amyrin nanosponges was synthesized through the emulsion solvent diffusion method, employing various drug-polymer ratios ranging from 1:1 to 1:5, with pullulan as the chosen polymer. Compatibility was revealed no interaction using FTIR. The cytotoxic properties were assessed on MCF-7 cell lines using MTT assay. The production yield and entrapment efficiency of F1-F5 batches in the range of 43 to 68.36% and 70 to 82.5%, respectively. Batch F5 showed the highest production yield, and entrapment efficiency. The average particle size ranges from 241.3 to 603.2 nm. The F5 formulation had shown the highest drug release (90.40 ± 0.88%). The IC50 value for optimized formulation was 34.54 μg/mL as observed in MCF-7 breast cancer, which was considerable as compared with 5-fluorouracil. In-silico studies revealed that α-amyrin showed good binding affinity to breast cancer PDBIDs and form a stable complex. In our study, α-amyrin has been successfully extracted and further validation through pharmaceutical formulation was done and warranted to solidify its potential as an effective anticancer agent.
Hydrocortisone-loaded Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles for Macrophage Targeted Delivery in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Tiwari Gaurav , Singh Saumya , Ahammed Shakkeela Y E , Raju Rajapandi , Jaiswal Ashish A
Published: April 2024

The multifaceted illness known as a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a decline in post-bronchodilator pulmonary function in all individuals and is linked to local and systemic inflammation, attracting alveolar macrophages (AM). The objective of this study was to use carubinose-linked hydrocortisone-hybrid nanoparticles (HC-HNPs) to increase the glycotargeting effectiveness to AM. The emulsification solvent evaporation method was used to generate the HC-HCNPs, and various analytical techniques were used to characterize them, including %entrapment efficiency, analytical characterization and histopathology examinations. Results revealed that HC is entrapped inside the hybrid preparations, which contain specific signatures of molecules that interact with ligands and are expressed all through the cell surface, as well as the amorphous nature of HC-HNPs. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed the surface structure and the particle size diameter which is enough to reach the AM through the nasal route. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed no interference from excipients in determining HC, indicating that the method is specific. The in-vivo findings showed that HC-HNPs demonstrated proof that very small and cost-effective nanoparticles can be developed to effectively target AM by effectively delivering HC-HNPs to the lungs.
Solubility and Dissolution Enhancement of Candesartan Cilexetil by Complexation with Cyclodextrin
Authors: Aziz Ghaith M , Al-Khedairy Eman B H
Published: April 2024

At present, numerous novel chemical compounds face challenges related to their limited solubility in aqueous environments. These compounds are classified under the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) as either class II or class IV substances. Different carriers were used to increase their solubility. Candesartan cilexetil (CC) is one of the most widely used antihypertensive drugs, which belongs to class II drugs. The aim of this research was to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of CC through a complexation approach involving β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, specifically hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), methyl beta cyclodextrin (M-β-CD), and sulfonyl ether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-β-CD), serving as complexing agents. This complexation process was investigated both with and without the inclusion of poloxamer 407 (PX407) as a hydrophilic polymer. The complex was prepared through a combination of grinding, kneading, and co-evaporation techniques. The resulting complex underwent characterization, including assessments of its percentage yield, drug content, solubility, and dissolution properties, as well as analyses using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results revealed that, the complex prepared using 1:1 molar ratio of M -β-CD:CC in the presence of 5% w/w PX407 by co-evaporation method had the highest percentage yield (97%) with drug content of 98.5%, the highest solubility (0.052 mg/mL) and fastest release of drug within 45 minutes compared to the other methods. The FTIR, DSC, and XRD confirmed the development of a partial inclusion complex of an amorphous nature
Pharmacokinetic Profiling and Optimization of Local Anesthetic Delivery Techniques in Dental Procedures a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ahmed Hina , Sindgi Rutuja P , Gupta Bharti , Rawlani Deven M
Published: April 2024

The optimization and pharmacokinetic profile of dental local anesthetics are the subjects of this prospective cohort study. Using Chi-square testing, the study analyzes and evaluates cohort data. Various study participants must undergo dental procedures under the influence of a local anesthetic. Local anesthetics may be administered intravenously, orally, or topically. The pharmacokinetic profile assesses a local anesthetic’s transit time, distribution, metabolism, and elimination. The Chi-square test evaluates the efficacy, duration, patient satisfaction, and adverse effects of various ways of administering analgesics. This statistical analysis looks at the impact of distribution technique and other categorical variables on the final product. This study aims to identify the best local anesthetic delivery technique for dental procedures in terms of efficacy, safety, and convenience. The results will enhance dental offices and the way patients feel about their visits. Find out how the variables are related by using the Chi-square test. The optimal delivery strategy may be determined by identifying statistically significant variations between delivery modalities. For the purpose of improving patient care, this prospective cohort study used the Chi-square test to learn more about the distribution of local anesthetics during dental procedures.
In-silico Drug Repurposing of Abiraterone-based Compounds as 17α-Hydroxylase Inhibitors for Breast Cancer Treatment Using Drug-Drug Transcriptomic Similarity Analysis and Molecular Docking
Authors: Bethi Siddartha , Wagh Vinod , Bidkar Shital , Thorat Mahesh , Patil Nitinchandra
Published: April 2024

This research explores abiraterone-based compounds’ in-silico drug repurposing potential as inhibitors of 17α-hydroxylase for breast cancer treatment, employing a multifaceted approach integrating molecular docking and drug-drug transcriptomic similarity analysis. Drug-drug transcriptomic similarity analysis revealed abiraterone to be the most transcriptomically similar compound, suggesting shared biological effects and repurposing opportunities. Molecular docking results identified abiraterone as a lead compound with a robust binding affinity and interacting amino acids within the active site of 17α-hydroxylase. Other compounds, including marbofloxacin, ataluren, zafirlukast, and montelukast, exhibited promising binding scores and diverse interactions, reinforcing their potential as potent inhibitors. Cell line-specific responses and connectivity patterns provided nuanced insights, guiding the selection of compounds. Overall, our findings underscore abiraterone-based compounds, especially abiraterone itself, as promising candidates for experimental validation, offering a significant stride in the pursuit of targeted and repurposed therapeutics for breast cancer treatment
Novel HPLC Method Validation for Quantification of Dapagliflozin in Bulk Drug and Formulation
Authors: Birajdar Avinash , Chavan Bhagwat , Badadhe Sandip , Bhusnar Hanumant , Yadav Jayadeep
Published: April 2024

A new, steady, easy-to-use, and straightforward high-performance liquid chromatography (HPCL) technique was also tested to determine dapagliflozin concentration in medicinal and API forms. For the chromatographic extraction study, a Phenomenex Gemini-NX C18 Column was used. This column was filled with a mobile phase that was 70:30 v/v methanol to sodium 1-octanesulphonate. This experiment used a 20-liter syringe amount and a flow rate of 1-mL per minute. A bunch of factors were used to make sure the new method worked. The drug dapagliflozin was released at a wavelength of 203 nm after 6.5 ± 0.5 minutes. A correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9994 between 15 to 55 μg/mL shows that the planned process is linear. The theoretical plates and peak tailing were found to be 4129 and 1.03, respectively. In terms of healing, the percent accuracy that was reached was within the acceptable range of 98 to 100. New suggestions say that the regular testing of dapagliflozin in large amounts must be done using a proven method that is unique and easy to repeat. Forced breakdown tests with drugs were used to show that the proposed method is stable. The product was tested according to the steps laid out in the ICH Q2R1 Guidelines. The test looked at many chemical processes, such as oxidation, photolysis, heat stress, and acids and alkaline hydrolysis.
Regulating Drug Release with Microspheres: Formulation, Mechanisms, and Challenges
Authors: Vishwakarma Rinki , Tare Harshal , Jain Sachin K
Published: April 2024

Controlled drug release is a critical component of current drug delivery systems, aiming to improve therapeutic efficacy while minimizing negative effects. Because of their tunable features and numerous applications, microspheres have emerged as adaptable carriers for achieving controlled medication release. This review paper delves into the formulation techniques, mechanisms, and issues connected with controlling drug release utilizing microspheres. The essay begins by discussing the importance of controlled medication release in healthcare and the critical role that microspheres play in accomplishing this goal. It then looks into the numerous formulation options for microspheres, including material selection, production processes, and drug inclusion techniques. The impact of microsphere properties such as particle size, shape, and drug loading on release kinetics is also thoroughly examined. The processes influencing drug release from microspheres are described in detail, including diffusion-controlled, erosion-controlled, and swelling-controlled release mechanisms and the interaction of polymer characteristics and drug-polymer interactions. The article looks at sophisticated methods for producing targeted drug release, including exterior stimuli-responsive microspheres and internal stimuli-responsive systems. Site-specific targeting strategies are investigated, including passive targeting via the increased permeability and retention (EPR) effect and active targeting via ligand-functionalized microspheres. Despite its promise, microsphere-based drug delivery systems face a number of obstacles. Major challenges are burst release, stability, scale-up, immunogenicity, and regulatory issues. In the context of microsphere-based drug delivery, recent advances in enhanced characterization techniques, nanotechnology integration, combination therapies, personalized medicine, and new trends are discussed.
Study of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Status in Thyroid Dysfunction: A Systematic Review
Authors: . Bushra , Kapoor Sangeeta , Mahmood Tariq
Published: April 2024

Background: The frequency of thyroid disorders is rising quickly, making them a major socioeconomic issue. Oxidative stress is also connected to thyroid disorders with increasing frequency. Moreover, an association between underlying inflammatory processes and oxidative damage must be considered because most thyroid ailments are seen to have an underlying inflammatory basis. Aim & objectives: This systematic review assesses the oxidative stress in thyroid dysfunctions and their association with inflammatory processes. Methodology: A systematic review of the literature was done using databases that included- PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Research Gate and Google Scholar using the keywords “oxidative stress”, “inflammatory markers,” and “thyroid disorders” from 2000-2022. After separately evaluating citations and abstracts, two reviewers examined full-text publications and came to an agreement on the research that should be included. We conducted this research using the preferred reporting items for systematic research and meta-analysis (PRISMA). Results: A total of 531 articles were found, out of which only 51 met the criteria of inclusion. A significant heterogeneity across the studies was found. In these studies, various oxidant/antioxidant and inflammatory markers were used to determine oxidative stress and its association with inflammatory processes. Most studies found a high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by an imbalance of thyroid hormones that can cause oxidative stress with a consequent lipid peroxidation response and accelerated inflammatory response. Conclusion: Data from the literature demonstrated a significant correlation between oxidative damage results and elevated ROS production. Thyroid issues can potentially trigger or exacerbate oxidative stress and ROS generation, which can worsen oxidative damage. Additionally, recent research indicates that OS and inflammation may be related in some way since mitochondrial reactive species are signalling molecules that cause the release of proinflammatory cytokines
Profiling Potent Medicinal Plants: Allium sativum, Azadirachta indica, and Annona squamosa in Diabetes Management
Authors: Dhakar Suresh , Tare Harshal
Published: April 2024

Diabetes mellitus, a global metabolic disorder, continues to affect millions, necessitating alternative therapeutic strategies to complement existing treatments. Medicinal plants have historically been significant in managing various diseases, including diabetes. This review paper profiles three potent medicinal plants – Allium sativum (garlic), Azadirachta indica (neem), and Annona squamosa (sugar apple) – that hold promise in the arena of diabetes management. Delving into their historical context, chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and modes of administration, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of their therapeutic potential. Preliminary studies have indicated that the bioactive compounds in these plants exhibit antidiabetic properties, supporting their traditional use in many cultures. This review underscores the importance of integrating such natural remedies into modern therapeutic strategies, offering potential benefits in diabetes care and promoting holistic health.
To Study the Evidence of Linking Adipokines (Adiponectin, Leptin) with Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ahtasham Zaara , Mahmood Tariq , Haria Jigar , Kapoor Sangeeta
Published: April 2024

Background: A growing body of world health has shown that there is a correlation between derangement of adipokines section and metabolic syndrome, but a small number of studies also refused the data. Considering these aspects, this study is intense in pursuing precise knowledge regarding the same and the conclusion. Aim and Objective: This study investigates the connection between markers of metabolic syndrome and adipokines, particularly leptin and adiponectin. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were used for a thorough literature review. From 2013 to 2023, the terms “adipokines and metabolic syndrome”, “adiponectin and metabolic syndrome”, and “leptin and metabolic syndrome” were searched. This review made use of the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta. Results: About 3448 previous studies were searched, of which 85 studies fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 85 papers comprised this systematic review, and we examined 60 of them. An overvalue of most studies showed that decreased adiponectin levels are linked with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome. However, patients with metabolic syndrome had higher risk levels of both leptin and the leptin-adiponectin ratio. Conclusions: Obesity affects the generation of adipokines, which regulates the many factors of the metabolic syndrome, through unique and linked pathways. Therefore, we conclude that obesity resulting from a high-fat, high-sugar, high-lipid diet may affect various organs, increasing the risk of metabolic diseases and the underlying causes of insulin resistance and triggering an inflammatory response.
Promising Antidiabetic Effects of Pomegranate Fruit Parts
Authors: RK More , PL Pingale , CD Upasani
Published: April 2024

Diabetes is a physiological illness that develops as because of decreased insulin secretion and/or its and /or how it functions within the body. Food metabolism becomes altered as a result of low or inactive insulin. As the illness worsens, the body begins to experience pathological alterations such as nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular problems. Diabetes mellitus is treated through oral hypoglycemic agents, which are synthetic drugs. As there are many side effects are associated with a longer duration of treatment of synthetic drugs, there is need to develop herbal medicine. There is much evidence that almost all parts of the pomegranate fruit help avoid and control numerous illnesses and conditions, such as diabetes. This review highlights the pathophysiological conditions of diabetes and also summarizes many laboratory and clinical studies of pomegranates that have examined the pomegranates its elements with regard to physiological and biochemical events of diabetes and related considerations.
Orthodontic patient satisfaction: Validation of an Arabic patient satisfaction questionnaire
Authors: Alansari Reem A.
Published: April 2024

Objectives:

Orthodontic patient satisfaction is a primary aim of orthodontic treatment. Satisfaction is a multidimensional concept, requiring multi-item questionnaires for it to be adequately assessed. A 58-item, orthodontic patient satisfaction questionnaire (PSQ) was developed to assess orthodontic patient satisfaction. Appropriately adapted assessment tools are needed to assess orthodontics patient satisfaction in different populations. The validity and reliability of such tools should be demonstrated before their use for each target population. The PSQ was yet to be validated in Arabic. Therefore, the objective of this study was to translate, adapt, and validate an Arabic orthodontic PSQ.

Material and Methods:

The 58-item English PSQ was translated to Arabic through translation and back-translation. An expert panel examined the relevance of PSQ items. The questionnaire was circulated through social media to recruit responses from Arabic-speaking orthodontic patients who completed orthodontic treatment. Cronbach’s alpha, item-total correlation (I-TC), and kappa reliability coefficient were calculated. The analysis of variance test was used to compare satisfaction scores between genders and different orthodontic treatment appliances.

Results:

Ten items were removed based on expert ratings. The questionnaire was filled by 327 patients (55.6% females, mean age = 28.5 ± 7.2, 59.8% on metal braces, 35.3% on clear aligners, and 5.2% on tooth-colored braces). Nine questionnaire items were removed because of low I-TC (<0.3). The resulting 39-item questionnaire had a Cronbach alpha of 0.79 and a kappa coefficient of 0.82. The mean total PSQ score of the sample was 167.61 ± 21.45. Items with the top ten highest I-TC correlations had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.90. Patients on metal braces had a highest mean total PSQ score (P = 0.004). Among these patients, satisfaction with situational aspects was lower but satisfaction with dentofacial, psychosocial, and dental improvements were all higher compared to other orthodontic treatments (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The 39-item Arabic PSQ is valid and reliable. A shorter collection of 10 items with high validity were identified. Patients on metal braces had better outcomes, driving higher satisfaction. Studies collecting satisfaction data using the PSQ from orthodontic clinics are needed.