bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Addition of eCG on day 14 Post-Ftai on the Pregnancy Rate in Cows from The Ecuadorian Amazon
Authors: E.G. Villacreses , D.Y. Avalos , M.O. Coello , P.R. Marini
Published: July 2023

The effect of the addition of eCG on day 14 after FTAI was evaluated in 200 cows from the Ecuadorian Amazon, with a calf at the foot, of Brown Swiss breeds and their crosses (Bos indicus). Two treatments (T): T1 (J-Synch + eCG day 6) and T2 (J-Synch + eCG day 14 post-FTAI). The pregnancy rate for T1 (57%) and T2 (48%) without showing a significant difference (p≥0.05). The pregnancy percentage was higher (62.5%) in cows in estrus (125/200). Plasma progesterone levels differ between T1 and T2, evaluated on day 14: (7.1 ng/mL); (13.5 ng/mL), respectively, as well as on day 30: T1 (9.6 ng/mL) and T2 (13.7 ng/mL), (p≤0.05). The diameter of CL measured on day 14 (20.8 ± 3.3 mm) and day 30 (28.2 ± 6.2 mm) differed significantly (p≤0.05). Estrous expression is positively associated with an increased pregnancy rate, but improving eCG on day 14 post-FTAI does not improve the pregnancy rate in Ecuadorian Amazon cows.
A Review on Saraca indica – for Immunomodulatory activity
Authors: Manna Rakesh , Verma Pinki
Published: July 2023

Plants have been used since very ancient times to control and/or combat different problems related to human physiology. The use of plant-based medicines for healing is ancient as well as universal. Until the dawn of this century, natural products have been used as the mainstay of all medicines globally. There are reports that plants contain remedies for various diseases including AIDS, cancer, and diabetes. Saraca indica also known as ‘Ashoka’ is one of the most ancient and sacred trees of India and known for its’ various pharmacological properties like anti menorrhagic, anti-cancer, anti oxytoxic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, anti–microbial activity. The immune system is a remarkably sophisticated defense system within the vertebrates, to protect them from various invading agents and Immunomodulators are the substances that can support the immune function by modifying, in a beneficial way, the immune system’s response to a threat. Herbal drugs possess immunomodulatory property and generally act by stimulating both specific and non specific immunity. The presented review is an attempt to focus on the immunomodulatory activity of Saraca indica.
Anomalies in the 110 VDC System at PT. PLN (Persero) Transmission Service Unit and Binjai Substation
Authors: Gunoro  , Juli Iriani  , Thamrin Dian Anggina , Cholish  , Abdullah
Published: July 2023

Anomalies in the DC system, both in the rectifier and the battery, will occur sooner or later, and the cause is equipment age, maintenance, and fault. The purpose of this study was to determine the anomaly that occurred in the 110 VDC system at PT. PLN ULTG Binjai. The research method is to observe, examine and measure the DC system. The research was carried out at the Paya Geli Substation and Pangkalan Brandan Substation. From the results of the study, it was found that the anomaly that occurred in the 110 VDC system at ULTG Binjai was the final voltage per battery cell which was less than 1 volt, namely the battery cell numbers 1, 34 and 39 in the Payageli substation 2 bank battery. DC ground occurs in bank 1 at the Paya Geli substation with the negative side connected to ground, the positive side voltage to ground is 95.2 volts, while the voltage on the negative side to ground is 8.4 volts. The main fault (phase loss) anomaly at the Pangkalan Brandan substation was due to the burning of the input line in the rectifier control module, causing the rectifier to fail and the DC supply from the rectifier to be lost and temporarily supplied by the battery. Regular maintenance is required for reliability to avoid anomalies and immediately recondition if the battery capacity is less than 60% and the final voltage per battery cell is less than 1 volt.
Analytical Study on Shear Response of Hollow Core Slab Subjected to Elevated Temperature using Extended Finite Element Method
Authors: T M Jeyashree , C Varunram
Published: July 2023

Prestressed hollow core slabs are members without transverse reinforcement and are often exposed to shear failure, especially in elevated temperatures. The study of shear response in the precast pre-stressed hollow core slab is essential to study the tension-compression damage of the flexural member. The hollow core slab is subjected to typical shear failure loading conditions and the loading condition is simulated through the finite element model in ABAQUS. The 3D model depicting the actual shear behaviour of the hollow core slab is developed with the simple concrete damage plasticity model. Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) analysis is used to study the propagation of cracks, from which displacement and cracking patterns are obtained for the slab with the varying depth of 200 mm, 250 mm, and 300 mm. Effect of varying depth on the shear behaviour of hollow core slab under elevated temperature are determined and the results obtained from the finite element analysis are validated for the accuracy with the ACI equation for shear behaviour and it is observed that there is good agreement in the ultimate load values obtained. The real-time behaviour of the hollow core slab under the combined effect of shear and elevated temperature is depicted with the help of crack propagation analysis. Further, the developed finite element model can be used for crack propagation study of hollow core slabs under shear failure.
Phase retrieval via randomized block Kaczmarz by averaging with heavy ball momentum
Authors: Duan Qiyang , Zhang Lu , Zhang Hui , Wang Hongxia
Published: July 2023

We propose a variant of the randomized Kaczmarz method for solving phase retrieval problems called randomized block Kaczmarz with heavy ball momentum (RBK-HB). It achieves effective acceleration compared to the Kaczmarz methods by combining block and heavy ball momentum techniques. In the theoretical part, by assuming that the loss function is strongly convex near the true solution, the RBK-HB method converges linearly with high probability. Numerical experiments show that compared with the Kaczmarz methods, the RBK-HB method is less sensitive to the initial point, the number of measurements required for successful recovery is less and has a faster convergence rate.
Energy efficient campus landscaping for mitigation of climate change effects
Authors: AHMADZADEH REZA , DAS D K , SINDHU S S , SAHOO R N , PRASAD K V
Published: July 2023

An experiment was conducted within the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) campus with 5 selected arboriculture tree species, namely, Ficus religiosa, Ficus infectoria, Azadirachta indica, Alestonia scholaris and Morus alba to compare their modifying capacity of thermal environment below the canopy with open space during peak summer months (May- June) and winter months (December-January) of 2010-11. Tree species and open space were treated as treatments (6) and 4 replications were taken for each treatment. During summer afternoon of 2010, the open space recorded an average temperature of 41.0ÂºC. Temperature below the canopy was reduced by each species. Maximum reduction (7.31%) was observed below the canopy of Ficus infectoria (38.0 oC), followed by Morus alba (38.4 oC), minimum reduction to 38.7 oC was observed below the canopy of Alestonia scholaris. During winter afternoon of 2010-11, the open space recorded an average temperature of 24.0oC. Maximum reduction to 19.5 oC was observed below the canopy of Ficus infectoria, followed by Ficus religiosa (19.6 oC), Azadirachta indica (19.7 oC), Alestonia scholaris (20.1 oC) and Morus alba (20.8 oC). An average temperature of 7.7oC was observed in the winter morning throughout the season in the open space and an increase in below canopy temperature was observed under each tree species. However, Morus alba recorded the highest increase to 8.5oC, followed by Ficus religiosa, Azadirachta indica, Alestonia scholaris (8.3oC each). The lowest increase was observed under Ficus infectoria (7.9oC). The maximum increase in the morning temperature and minimum reduction in that at afternoon was desired in the winter at Delhi for comfort.
AUDIO MIXER 4 CHANNELS STEREO
Authors: Karjadi Mochammad , Harianto Bambang , Wibowo Kunto
Published: July 2023

In audio equipment, the mixer is a tool that is well known and widely used by lovers of stereo 4-channel audio mixers such as those used in recording studios, transmitter stations and so on, all of which function to mix several signals, in a ratio that can be adjusted with a potentio meter. In the world of electronics signals can be mixed by summing them. In this research discusses the performance of the simplest 4-channel stereo channel audio mixer system consisting of two channels and can be developed up to dozens of channels. Four channels as a microphone amplifier and two channels (L and R) for channels that can be connected to tape, tuner, compact disc and others, as well as two output channels 1 (L and R) and output channel 2 (R and L) that can be connected to a power amplifier.
Elektrikli İnsansız Hava Aracının Maksimum Menzil Hesabı
Authors: DAĞ Tolunay , ÜNLER Tarık , UYANER Mesut
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışamada düşük ağırlığa sahip bir insansız hava aracı tasarımı ve akış analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. 15 m/s seyir hızı ve 1000 metre maksimum uçuş irtifası ile havada 15 dakika kalabilen hava aracı gerekli aerodinamik kuvvetlerinin sağlayabildiği de OpenVSP analizleri ile desteklenmiştir. Bu aerodinamik kuvvetler sayesinde hava aracı 13.5 km menzile sahip olup bu çaptaki tüm noktalarda kararlı bir uçuş sergileyerek görevini sağlayabilmektedir.
7 - Imagining and Creating the CODESRIA of Tomorrow is a Preoccupation for each one of us
Authors: Fatima Harrak
Published: July 2023

Abstract
10 - World Social Science Forum 2015: Transforming Global Relations for a Just World
Authors: Dzodzi Tsikata
Published: July 2023

Abstract
15 - Black Pain Matters: Down with Rhodes
Authors: Francis B. Nyamnjoh
Published: July 2023

Abstract
CODESRIA Bulletin, Nos 3 & 4, 2018 - A Baobab has Fallen Samir Amin (1931-2018)
Authors: System Journal
Published: July 2023

In this issue
Editorial: Samir Amin (1931–2018): A Titan has Gone Home to Rest, Godwin Murunga 3Éditorial: Samir Amin (1931–2018) : un géant s’en est allé, Godwin Murunga 6From the Executive Secretary’s Desk, Godwin Murunga 9Du bureau du secrétaire exécutif, Godwin Murunga 10
1. Hommage à Samir Amin, Taladidia Thiombiano 112. Pour Samir Amin, Boubacar Barry 113. My Real Window to the non Arab Africa, Helmi Sharawy 134. Samir Amin was a Personnage, Mahmood Mamdani 155. Professeur Samir Amin : ‘‘Une Etoile s’est éteinte’’, Yoro Diallo 176. Samir Amin: Layer of the Foundations for Africa’s Future, Lansana Keita 187. Samir: Leading Intellectual of the South, Demba Moussa Dembele 198. Samir Amin: A Symbol of Resistance, Theresa Moyo 219. Samir avait raison, Cheikh Guèye 2210. Celebrating the life of Samir Amin – A true communist, Lau Kin Chi 2311. En honneur du Professeur Samir Amin, Bouchra Sidi Hida 2512. The Blue Maoist Jacket, Sit Tsui and Yan Xiaohui 2613. La disparition de Samir Amin, Abdallah Saaf 2714. Samir had a Higher Purpose for Africa, Kenneth Inyani Simala 3115. Hommage posthume à Samir Amin, Mohamed Said Saadi 3116. Dear Samir Amin, You will Remain Alive! Natasha Issa Shivji 3417. Africa Has Lost a Giant: Professor Samir Amin, Ebrima Sall 3418. A Globally Acclaimed Economics Guru, Tony Obeng 3619. An Inspirational Figure, Dzodzi Tsikata 3620. An EMBONDEIRO/BAOBAB Dies, Isabel Maria Casimiro 3721. Samir a marqué son époque, Slaheddine Ben Frej 3722. He left behind a Great Legacy, Mohsin Sidat 3723. The Great Samir Amin Lives on, Pai Obanya 3724. Amin était un Esprit, Andre Mbata Mangu 3825. Disparition du Professeur Samir Amin, Hassan Remaoun 3826. Amin, lnoubliable icône, Ahmat Hessana 3827. Tribute from IDEP 3928. Tribute from CIRFA 3929. Tribute from Arab and African Research Centre, Helmi Sharawy 4030. Précieux héritage pour le monde entier, Djénéba Traoré 4031. Plants will miss your Shade, Issa Shivji 4132. Huge Loss, Freedom Mazwi 4133. A Tribute to a Fighter against Global Capitalism, Horace Campbell 4234. Samir Amin (1931-2018), Pensée et action :en guise d’hommage Hassan Remaoun 4835. Africa’s pioneering Marxist political economist, seen from South Africa – Samir Amin, 1931-2018, Patrick Bond 5536. Notes on the creation of CODESRIA 5837. Note sur la création du CODESRIA 62
Recursos psicológicos ante el duelo. Intervención psicosocial en una comunidad semi rural
Authors: Ortiz Ruiz Juan Carlos , Rivera Heredia María Elena , Figueroa Varela Ma. del Rocío
Published: July 2023

El objetivo de este capítulo es describir la experiencia de aplicación de un taller diseñado para fortalecer los recursos psicológicos afectivos ante la experiencia de duelo por muerte o separación de un ser querido. Los participantes fueron catorce habitantes de la colonia La Aldea, que forma parte del área semi rural del municipio de Morelia, Michoacán, en México, los cuales manifestaron vivir experiencias de pérdida vinculadas a separaciones y fallecimientos. El diseño del taller estuvo encaminado a favorecer la expresión emocional de los participantes, en torno a sus respectivas experiencias de duelo, mediante la expresión oral, como escrita. La evaluación se realizó cualitativamente, a través de observación, autorregistros y cuestionarios, en los cuales se muestran tanto las elaboraciones en torno a la pérdida que vivieron los participantes, principalmente a través de sus recursos espirituales, así como el fortalecimiento de los recursos psicológicos de tipo afectivo como la empatía, y los sociales como la conformación de redes de apoyo. La retroalimentación de los participantes señala agradecimiento e interés porque talleres similares continúen llevándose a cabo.
trauma da concepção
Authors: Wilheim Joanna
Published: July 2023

Empregando referenciais relacionados com memória celular, a autora trata da questão dos traumas – particularmente do trauma da concepção – que, registrados no decorrer da experiência pré-natal, irão se manifestar na vida mental pós-natal. Para ilustrar sua proposta a autora recorre ao material clínico de P. nos primeiros quinze meses de análise. Conta a experiência que a levou a intervir fazendo referência à memória celular (registro de uma concepção traumática: relação agressiva entre óvulo/espermatozóide e mãe/concepto), para lidar com as dificuldades que o paciente apresentava para estabelecer vínculos inter e intrapsíquicos e a maneira em que, pouco a pouco, ele foi rompendo a capa de impostura em que se envolvia e que o impedia em estabelecer qualquer contato de mente com mente e de crescer mentalmente.
Gênese das perversões versus desmame abrupto
Authors: Valladares Maria Silvia Regadas de Moraes
Published: July 2023

A autora, após deter-se no artigo de Freud “Uma criança é espancada”, traça algumas diferenças por ela consideradas relevantes entre os referenciais freudiano e kleiniano no tocante ao complexo de Édipo. Em seguida, apresenta três casos de observação de bebê, considerando ser o desmame abrupto um dos fatores que interfere na gênese das perversões.
Por que Green?
Authors: Azevedo Ana Maria Andrade de
Published: July 2023

Entre as mais importantes e originais ideias de Green, a autora resume neste trabalho: 1) o papel do analista como o maior responsável para o crescimento da dupla analítica; 2) baseando-se na 1.ª e 2.ª tópica de Freud, dá uma concepção diferente do aparelho psíquico, levando em consideração a relação entre o biológico e o antropomórfico; 3) ênfase maior ao negativo e o trabalho do negativo. Destacando a pulsão como uma função objetalizante e a retirada daquela como função desobjetalizante, Green dá uma importância fundamental à dialética entre a ausência e presença do objeto na representação interna do sujeito, acontecendo em razão disso a sua reorganização, assim como as suas defesas.
Palavras da editora
Authors: Surreaux Helena
Published: July 2023

Caros leitores, quero compartilhar com vocês a alegria de apresentar o vol. 12, número 1 de Psicanálise, como editora. Lugar a partir do qual se sente uma gratificação especial, talvez proporcional à responsabilidade parental também a ele inerente. O sentimento, nessa magnitude, é novo, apesar da revista já estar na minha vida há três anos, como membro da comissão editorial. [...]
Parentalidade
Authors: Gutfreind Celso
Published: July 2023

Neste artigo, o autor aborda o tema da parentalidade sob o ponto de vista de sua construção como conceito psicanalítico, incluindo a sua origem, na França, nos anos 50. Alguns autores importantes para este campo são retomados, e o tema se detém igualmente no interesse do cruzamento da parentalidade com outros assuntos de relevância para a clínica analítica, em especial a diferença de gênero e os aspectos contemporâneos do cenário onde hoje a parentalidade é exercida. Tais aspectos recebem uma reflexão que é exemplificada com uma vinheta de um atendimento clínico de uma criança, onde o desafio para o exercício de ser e tornar-se mãe e pai aparece em primeiro plano.
O inconciliável
Authors: Beetschen André
Published: July 2023

O presente trabalho visa trazer uma reflexão sobre as ideias de Jean Laplanche acerca das teorias das pulsões: seus fundamentos e sua gênese. No texto, o autor aborda o posicionamento de Laplanche principalmente, no contexto da pulsão sexual de morte, que tem o sentido de uma força de desligamento, demoníaca, indomada e hostil ao ego.
“Ficar preso dentro de si deve ser um inferno”
Authors: Meira Ana Cláudia S.
Published: July 2023

O presente trabalho parte da ideia de que, como define Freud, a psicanálise é a cura pela fala. Com base nessa premissa, este artigo propõe analisar o tipo e a qualidade da fala do sujeito melancólico na análise. Para tanto, apresenta o caso de uma jovem que está em análise há quatro anos, mas com uma fala fechada, que comunica mais o estado de encarceramento da melancolia do que conteúdos com significado simbólico. Tendo em vista a dificuldade de deslocar o sujeito melancólico da posição fixa em que se encontra, junto ao objeto, o estudo examina quais as possibilidades de abertura que a análise propõe, a partir da posição do analista como um outro objeto.
Subjetividades na adoção de embriões
Authors: Cerutti Eliza , Timm Eloisa Helena Schlichting , Araujo Katya de Azevedo , Nerung Luciana , Pacheco Maria Isabel Ribas , Mazeron Patricia , Vives Renata Viola
Published: July 2023

O ato de procriar, que sempre se propôs tão natural, se reinventou nas últimas décadas, em consequência do avanço tecnológico. Novas formas de reproduzir, como a adoção de embriões, tenta aplacar o trauma da infertilidade, como uma alternativa à adoção. Neste contexto, surgem os embriões excedentes, que podem ser utilizados para pesquisa, descartados ou recebidos como filho de outro casal. Quais fantasias são geradas nestas situações? O presente trabalho, lança questões ligadas à incapacidade de reproduzir, a busca por métodos alternativos como solução e suas repercussões na subjetividade psíquica dos envolvidos e propõe pensar como a psicanálise pode contribuir e qual o seu papel, diante das demandas advindas dos novos tempos.
Influências de Bion na técnica psicanalítica
Authors: Zusman Waldemar
Published: July 2023

O autor passa em revista alguns dos conceitos psicanalíticos clássicos que sofreram influências e tiveram seus significados ampliados e aprofundados pelas investigações originais de Bion. Para além da Grade e do Conceito de Capacidade Negativa da Mente o artigo destaca a recomendação técnica de abstenção de memória e desejo, que, embora mal compreendida por alguns analistas, nada mais é que uma versão mais aguda e penetrante, daquilo que Freud chamou de Atenção Flutuante. O controvertido conceito de Pensamento sem Pensador ganha nova formulação após um exame crítico das hipóteses que o situam no mundo externo. É a partir da Área do Análogo (por oposição à Área Egóica) que a noção de Pensamento sem Pensador ganha origem e circunstância. O já famoso aforismo de Bion, No thing therefore a thought, passa por um inevitável confronto. Uma vez que a ausência do seio usualmente ocorre quando o pensamento ainda não é simbólico (verbal), o mais correto seria dizer No thing therefore an image. O artigo aborda, por último, num exame crítico, as categorias do signo, da equação simbólica e do símbolo, para nomear alguns aspectos fundamentais do funcionamento da mente, fazendo um paralelo entre estas categorias citadas e aquelas que, em Bion, se designam como funções alfa e beta.
Trauma
Authors: Mota Regina Lúcia Braga
Published: July 2023

A autora discorre sobre a família como o cenário de dores traumáticas, desde o nascimento até a morte, permeadas pela dor do Édipo e da castração, mas também campo de impacto para a estruturação psíquica e constituição da subjetividade. Ilustra com um breve relato de dois casos clínicos em que a família e a casa são retratadas como moldura nem sempre satisfatória para o sofrimento mental, acrescentando uma descrição literária feita por um paciente. Apresenta o ponto de vista teórico de autores kleinianos e não-kleinianos, revelando a opinião desses últimos quanto à análise da criança ser indissociável do relato dos pais. Ao final, algumas questões são formuladas para que se possa refletir a respeito do impacto das novas configurações familiares contemporâneas.
A dimensão poética na interpretação psicanalítica
Authors: Trachtenberg Renato
Published: July 2023

Freud, como sabemos, manteve sempre certo fascínio e uma prudente distância em sua relação com os poetas. Oscilava entre incluir a psicanálise no ideal de ciência de seu tempo e o modelo estético, especialmente a literatura, como referência e interlocução. Sua escrita mostra que, nas origens do método, é o fantasiar e o imaginar de seus pacientes que lhe proporcionam os instrumentos para a descoberta e investigação do inconsciente na psicanálise. Suas sugestões para a escuta analítica e o trabalho do analisando na sessão são análogos ao estado mental requerido para qualquer processo criativo. [...]
Novos tempos, velhas recomendações (sobre a função analítica)
Authors: Paim Filho Ignácio A. , Leite Lísia C.
Published: July 2023

Os autores têm por objetivo repensar a função analítica, à luz do século XXI, tendo como paradigma a função paterna. Nesse sentido, se propõem, conforme o nome do trabalho, a ratificar as “velhas recomendações” diante desses “novos tempos”. Para isso, revisitam os postulados freudianos que são os responsáveis pelas leis que sustentam o setting analítico.
Spectrum of Cervical Lesions in Pap Smear with Histopathological Concordance: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bajpai Divya , Khan Anam , Goyal Vibhuti , Bisht Mithila , Arya Anjana , Mohan Nitesh , Batra Rachit
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Cervical cancer is amongst the leading causes of death in females. According to the World Cancer Statistics, the global incidence of cervical cancer is 6.5% and mortality related to it is 7.5%. The most effective way to screen and thus treat in early stages is achieved by screening the patients with Papanicolaou (Pap) smear. Aim: To assess the spectrum of cervical lesions in Pap smears, classify them as per the Bethesda System of reporting Cervical Cytology and compare the cytology results with histopathology where available. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study carried out for a period of two months from August 2022 to September 2022 in Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. The slides of Pap smear were reported as per the 2014 Bethesda System of reporting cervical cytology. Comparison with the histopathological findings was done in cases whenever cervical biopsy or hysterectomy specimen was received. Data was collected, entered and compiled in Microsoft excel followed by analysis using software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 23.0. The data was represented in frequency and validity was calculated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and accuracy. The p-value was calculated using Chi-square test and significance was set at p<0.05. Results: All cases received during the study duration of two months were included in the study which was 400 consecutive PAP smears. Epithelial cell abnormality was seen in 17 (4.25%) cases. Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS) was seen in 8 (2%) cases, Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL) in 2 (0.5%) cases, High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL) in 1 (0.25%) case, Atypical Squamous Cells- cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) in 4 (1%) cases and Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SQCC) in 2 (0.5%) cases. Concordance with histopathathology was seen in 33 of 37 cases. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy was 90%, 88.9%, 75%, 96% and 89%, respectively. The p-value was 0.00001. Conclusion: Cases diagnosed on Pap smear as low-grade epithelial cell abnormality including ASCUS and LSIL should be kept in follow-up, whereas cases diagnosed with high-grade epithelial cell abnormality including ASC-H, HSIL or SQCC, appropriate treatment should be planned.
Cocaine use is associated with cerebral white matter hyperintensities in HIV disease
Authors: Meade Christina S. , Bell Ryan P. , Towe Sheri L. , Lascola Christopher D. , Al‐Khalil Kareem , Gibson Matthew J.
Published: July 2023

Background

White matter hyperintensities (WMH), a marker of cerebral small vessel disease and predictor of cognitive decline, are observed at higher rates in persons with HIV (PWH). The use of cocaine, a potent central nervous system stimulant, is disproportionately common in PWH and may contribute to WMH.

Methods

The sample included of 110 PWH on antiretroviral therapy. Fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T1‐weighted anatomical MRI scans were collected, along with neuropsychological testing. FLAIR images were processed using the Lesion Segmentation Toolbox. A hierarchical regression model was run to investigate predictors of WMH burden [block 1: demographics; block 2: cerebrovascular disease (CVD) risk; block 3: lesion burden].

Results

The sample was 20% female and 79% African American with a mean age of 45.37. All participants had persistent HIV viral suppression, and the median CD4+ T‐cell count was 750. Nearly a third (29%) currently used cocaine regularly, with an average of 23.75 (SD = 20.95) days in the past 90. In the hierarchical linear regression model, cocaine use was a significant predictor of WMH burden (β = .28). WMH burden was significantly correlated with poorer cognitive function (r = −0.27). Finally, higher WMH burden was significantly associated with increased serum concentrations of interferon‐γ‐inducible protein 10 (IP‐10) but lower concentrations of myeloperoxidase (MPO); however, these markers did not differ by COC status.

Conclusions

WMH burden is associated with poorer cognitive performance in PWH. Cocaine use and CVD risk independently contribute to WMH, and addressing these conditions as part of HIV care may mitigate brain injury underlying neurocognitive impairment.
Fast UV‐ and Visible Light Induced Polymer Network Formation Using Carbene Mediated CH‐insertion Based Crosslinking (CHic) Via Nitrophenyl Diazo Esters
Authors: Rusitov Dennis , Deussen Florian , Rühe Jürgen
Published: July 2023

The synthesis and characterization of highly photosensitive coatings containing a diazo‐based crosslinker that exhibits high photoreactivity in the near‐visible UV and toward sunlight is present. Nitrophenyl diazo ester (nitroPEDAz) moieties are incorporated into polymer chains via free radical polymerization and generate upon irradiation carbenes, which undergo a CH insertion‐based crosslinking (CHic) reaction. The copolymers are deposited onto substrate surfaces through known coating techniques and then activated to form polymer networks and simultaneously attach covalently to the surfaces if CH groups are available. It is demonstrated that very low light doses on the order of 20 mJ cm−2 are sufficient to generate surface‐attached networks and that the copolymer can be patterned photolithographically into defined structures on a broad spectrum of substrates using UV‐ and natural sunlight. Even a few seconds of sunlight exposure are sufficient to crosslink and surface‐attach the film.
Light‐Induced Dyotropic Rearrangement of Diarylethenes: Scope, Mechanism, and Prospects
Authors: Lvov Andrey G. , Koffi Kouame Eric , Khusniyarov Marat M.
Published: July 2023

Irreversible two‐photon photorearrangement of 1,2‐diarylethenes is a unique process providing access to complex 2a1,5a‐dihydro‐5,6‐dithiaacenaphthylene (DDA) heterocyclic core. This reaction was serendipitously discovered during studies on photoswitchable diarylethenes and was initially considered as a highly undesired process. However, in recent years, it has been recognized as an efficient photochemical reaction, interesting by itself and as a promising synthetic method for the synthesis of challenging molecules. Herein, we discuss the state‐of‐the‐art in studies on this notable process.
Flexible Microcircuit of a Liquid Metal Deposit Layer
Authors: Zhan Jiaye , Wang Qijia , Zhao Yiming , Zhan Fei , Tang Shousheng , Wang Qian , Liu Jing , Wang Lei
Published: July 2023

Liquid metal (LM) is of great use in many fields (e. g., sensors, biology, electronic circuits). With special mobility, high surface tension and excellent electrical conductivity, it can play a role in the field of flexible electronics. Due to its surface tension, it easily shrinks into a spheroid shape. Especially under the same current condition, the shrinkage of the volume will lead to open circuit, so it is very difficult to produce stable liquid metal ultrathin, ultrafine wire, which has become a barrier limiting the use of liquid metal. In this work, LM is mixed with polydimethylsiloxane to form a micrometer‐thick conductive layer by free deposition. The LM is located inside the polymer holes. Not only that, microcircuits are also mapped on the surface of LM deposits. It not only has excellent electrical conductivity, but also has good flexibility. This work explores a simple method to produce a ultrathin conductive film and reduce the size of electronic components, which has potential applications in integrated circuits.
Electrolytic Hydrogen Evolution Study of Porous Tungsten Carbide‐Loaded Pt Derived from ZIFs
Authors: Zhang Jian , Tan Jinting , Wu Shengye , Wang Jian , Zhang Yunfei , Zhao Xiaoyang , Mu Shichun , Yu Jun
Published: July 2023

The development of an electrochemical hydrogen evolution catalyst with high activity and low Pt loading and excellent stability is of high significance for the extensive promotion and practical application of hydrogen energy. Hence, we introduced ZIFs and their derivatives with tunable pore size and large specific surface area, which were carbonized at high temperatures and supported with Pt as catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction. We used ZIF‐8 as the seed to obtain the precursor Co@ZIFs, W element was introduced into Co@ZIFs by impregnation method to synthesize WC. A series of Pt/WC catalysts were prepared with WC as support. The best sample Pt/WC‐3 in 0.5 M H2SO4 with a Pt content of 8.3 wt % has a low overpotential (η10=28 mV), which is much less than the 34 mV of 20% commercial Pt/C and had a Tafel slope of only 18.9 mV dec−1. It is noteworthy that at 8.3% Pt/WC after 40,000 s of continuous operation at 10 mA cm−2, the overpotential of Pt/WC‐3 barely rises by 5%, which indicates its excellent durability.
A patient with Marchiafava–Bignami disease type A transported by ambulance with impaired consciousness and malnutrition was successfully treated after early diagnosis by MRI
Authors: Ooya Yoshitaka , Ishida Mayumi , Uchida Nozomu , Sato Ryota , Yoshioka Akira , Sato Izumi , Onishi Hideki
Published: July 2023

Marchiafava–Bignami disease (MBD) is a very rare disorder characterized by demyelination and necrosis of the corpus callosum.

A 53‐year‐old male was transported to the emergency room with impaired consciousness. On his arrival, he was quite emaciated. CT examination revealed no hemorrhagic lesions whereas MR images showed hyperintense areas throughout the corpus callosum, leading to a diagnosis of MBD. His impaired consciousness improved with treatment, including parenteral thiamine administration.

When examining patients with impaired consciousness because of malnutrition, MBD should be taken in consideration and the incorporation of head MR imaging into the examination protocol enables early diagnosis and treatment, and may improve the prognosis.
An experimental investigation of the tensile, fracture and microstructural characteristics of ABS/SBS reinforced with HNTs
Authors: Kamalvand Hamid , Ashenai Ghasemi Faramarz , Fasihi Mohammad , Rajaee Pouya
Published: July 2023

Thermoplastic composites are broadly used in many industries. Excellent mechanical characteristics are frequently required to achieve the appropriate properties for the applications. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (1) presenting an in‐depth analysis of the effects of styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) on the tensile and fracture properties of the thermoplastic composites based on acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and (2) examining the relationship between the microstructure of the thermoplastic composites and their mechanical behavior. For these purposes, HNTs were utilized with four levels (0, 1, 3, and 5 wt%) and SBS was used with two levels (15 and 30 wt%). The tensile strength and modulus were reduced by adding SBS to 30 wt%; however, the elongation at break was increased by 30%. Furthermore, tensile strength and modulus, and elongation at break were improved by increasing HNTs up to 3 wt%. The results indicated the elastic work (we) and plastic work (βwp) rose by 29% and 10%, respectively, when 30 wt% of SBS was added to ABS. Furthermore, we and βwp rose by the addition of HNTs up to 3 wt%. To examine fracture mechanisms, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images of the fracture surface of the essential work of fracture (EWF) specimens were taken. Several voids are present in the compounds containing SBS, activating the plastic deformation mechanism. Based on the optimization process, the best strength, stiffness, and toughness balance was attained for the compound consisting of 15 wt% SBS and 1 wt% HNTs.

Highlights

The effects of HNTs and SBS on the fracture properties of polymer composites.

The addition of SBS increased we, βwp, and the elongation at break.

HNTs had a positive effect on the tensile strength and modulus, we, and βwp.

The important mechanisms include plastic deformation and cavitation.
Research Progress of Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries at High Temperatures
Authors: Nie Qianna , Luo Wenlei , Li Yong , Yang Cheng , Pei Haijuan , Guo Rui , Wang Wei , Ajdari Farshad Boorboor , Song Jiangxuan
Published: July 2023

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are the most promising high energy density energy storage technologies for electric vehicles, military, and aerospace applications. LMBs require further improvement to operate efficiently when chronically or routinely exposed to high temperatures. Electrolyte engineering with high temperature tolerance and electrode compatibility has been essential to the development of LMBs. In this review, the primary obstacles to achieving high‐temperature LMBs are first explored. Subsequently, electrolyte tailoring options, such as lithium salt optimization, solvation structure modification, and the addition of additives are reviewed in detail. In addition, the feasibility of utilizing LMBs at high temperatures has been investigated. In conclusion, this study provides insights and perspectives for future research on electrolyte design at high temperatures.
Review article: Updated management of acute severe ulcerative colitis: From steroids to novel medical strategies
Authors: Calméjane Louis , Laharie David , Kirchgesner Julien , Uzzan Mathieu
Published: July 2023

Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) occurs in up to 25% of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Therapeutic approaches have evolved during the past years with the increasing bio exposure of admitted patients and the extension of the number of approved drugs for UC. In this review, we aimed to summarize the latest evidence in short‐term and long‐term medical strategies for ASUC. In addition to general principles such as venous thromboembolism prophylaxis, screening for triggering and worsening factors and close monitoring, first‐line therapy for ASUC remains intravenous corticosteroids. In naive patients, the optimum maintenance strategy for steroid‐responding patients does not necessarily include biologics. Second‐line therapy includes infliximab or calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) with similar short‐ and long‐term colectomy rates. Despite its pathophysiological relevance, there is insufficient evidence to promote intensified induction with infliximab. Prior treatment exposure is a cornerstone for guiding therapeutic choice of short‐ and long‐term therapies in the context of ASUC: in anti‐TNF exposed patients, CNIs may be favored as a bridge therapy to vedolizumab or ustekinumab. Third‐line salvage therapy could be a therapeutic option in selected patients referred to expert centers. Additionally, evidence is accumulating regarding the use of tofacitinib in ASUC.
Scaling laws for bubble collapse driven by an impulsive shock wave
Authors: Bokman Guillaume T. , Biasiori-Poulanges Luc , Meyer Daniel W. , Supponen Outi
Published: July 2023

Upon interaction with underwater shock waves, bubbles can collapse and produce high-speed liquid jets in the direction of the wave propagation. This work experimentally investigates the impact of laser-induced underwater impulsive shock waves, i.e. shock waves with a short, finite width, of variable peak pressure on bubbles of radii in the range 10–500

$\mathrm {\mu }$

m. The high-speed visualisations provide new benchmarking of remarkable quality for the validation of numerical simulations and the derivation of scaling laws. The experimental results support scaling laws describing the collapse time and the jet speed of bubbles driven by impulsive shock waves as a function of the impulse provided by the wave. In particular, the collapse time and the jet speed are found to be, respectively, inversely and directly proportional to the time integral of the pressure waveform for bubbles with a collapse time longer than the duration of shock interaction and for shock amplitudes sufficient to trigger a nonlinear bubble collapse. These results provide a criterion for the shock parameters that delimits the jetting and non-jetting behaviour for bubbles having a shock width-to-bubble size ratio smaller than one. Jetting is, however, never observed below a peak pressure value of 14 MPa. This limit, where the pressure becomes insufficient to yield a nonlinear bubble collapse, is likely the result of the time scale of the shock wave passage over the bubble becoming very short with respect to the bubble collapse time scale, resulting in the bubble effectively feeling the shock wave as a spatially uniform change in pressure, and in an (almost) spherical bubble collapse.
Data collaboration analysis in predicting diabetes from a small amount of health checkup data
Authors: Uchitachimoto Go , Sukegawa Noriyoshi , Kojima Masayuki , Kagawa Rina , Oyama Takashi , Okada Yukihiko , Imakura Akira , Sakurai Tetsuya
Published: July 2023

Recent studies showed that machine learning models such as gradient-boosting decision tree (GBDT) can predict diabetes with high accuracy from big data. In this study, we asked whether highly accurate prediction of diabetes is possible even from small data by expanding the amount of data through data collaboration (DC) analysis, a modern framework for integrating and analyzing data accumulated at multiple institutions while ensuring confidentiality. To this end, we focused on data from two institutions: health checkup data of 1502 citizens accumulated in Tsukuba City and health history data of 1399 patients collected at the University of Tsukuba Hospital. When using only the health checkup data, the ROC-AUC and Recall for logistic regression (LR) were 0.858 ± 0.014 and 0.970 ± 0.019, respectively, while those for GBDT were 0.856 ± 0.014 and 0.983 ± 0.016, respectively. When using also the health history data through DC analysis, these values for LR improved to 0.875 ± 0.013 and 0.993 ± 0.009, respectively, while those for GBDT deteriorated because of the low compatibility with a method used for confidential data sharing (although DC analysis brought improvements). Even in a situation where health checkup data of only 324 citizens are available, the ROC-AUC and Recall for LR were 0.767 ± 0.025 and 0.867 ± 0.04, respectively, thanks to DC analysis, indicating an 11% and 12% improvement. Thus, we concluded that the answer to the above question was “Yes” for LR but “No” for GBDT for the data set tested in this study.
Malnutrition- inflammation- atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome associates with periodontitis in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mikami Risako , Mizutani Koji , Gohda Tomohito , Matsuyama Yusuke , Gotoh Hiromichi , Nakagawa Keita , Takemura Shu , Aoyama Norio , Matsuura Takanori , Kido Daisuke , Takeda Kohei , Saito Natsumi , Izumi Yuichi , Iwata Takanori
Published: July 2023

Malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis (MIA) syndrome is a significant risk factor for mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study aimed to investigate the association between MIA syndrome and oral health status in hemodialysis patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 254 hemodialysis patients. Comprehensive medical and dental examinations were performed. Three components were included to define MIA syndrome: Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index, serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and history of cardiovascular events as indicators of malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis, respectively. The association of MIA syndrome components with periodontitis and occlusal support was examined by multiple-ordered logistic regression analysis. Of 254 participants, 188 (74.0%) had at least one component of MIA syndrome. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, severe periodontitis was significantly associated with presence of more components of MIA syndrome (odds ratio [OR]: 2.64, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44–4.84, p = 0.002) and inflammation and malnutrition components (OR: 2.47 and 3.46, 95% CI 1.16–5.28 and 1.70–7.05, p = 0.020 and 0.001). On the other hand, occlusal support, evaluated by Eichner index, was not significantly associated with MIA syndrome or any of its components. In conclusion, periodontitis is associated with MIA syndrome, particularly with inflammation and malnutrition in hemodialysis patients, independent of occlusal support.
The Role of Society in Preventing Illegal Logging
Authors: Baikhanov Adlan , Abdulaev Salakh
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the problem of the influence of society on the prevention of the process of illegal logging is considered. Forests and forest plantations are one of the most important carbon stores on the planet, however, as a result of irrational logging on an industrial scale, even under the plausible pretext of releasing land for agriculture or infrastructure development, huge environmental damage is caused, since nature is deprived of important mechanisms not only of absorbing those carbon dioxide, which are emitted into the atmosphere as a result of various activities of mankind, but also their storage. In this regard, it is important to draw public attention to this problem and develop certain rules according to which these processes would have a proportional relationship.
Can We Rely on the Activated Clotting Time to Measure Heparin Anticoagulation? A Clinical Evaluation of Two ACT Monitors
Authors: Nilsson Samuel , Appelblad Micael , Svenmarker Staffan
Published: July 2023

The sensitivity to heparin during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is determined by patient-specific characteristics and is assessed by the whole blood activated clotting time (ACT). We aimed to examine reliability measures between two different ACT monitors using Bland–Altman analysis: bias should not exceed 50 ± 50 seconds for measurements performed during CPB or 10 ± 10 seconds before and after CPB. The ACT response should be linear in relation to the concentration of heparin in plasma. Twenty patients (n = 20) aged 20–80 years and admitted for coronary artery bypass surgery were enrolled to this clinical observational study.ACT values and antifactor Xa were sampled: 1) before induction of anesthesia, 2) after heparin bolus, 3) during CPB at the start of rewarming, 4) at weaning from CPB, and 5) after heparin reversal.The evaluation comprised the Hemostasis Management System Plus™ (HMS, Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN) and i-STAT™ (Abbott, Point of Care Inc., Princeton, NJ). Bias for the HMS Plus™ vs. i-STAT™ was +105 ± 119 seconds for measurements during CPB and +2.8 ± 11.7 seconds before and after CPB. Associated limits of agreement for the observed bias were ±235 and ±23 seconds, respectively. Inter-device correlation of ACT values was .46 (p< .001) during CPB; otherwise .48 (p= .02). Both devices produced ACT values unrelated (<10%) to the measured heparin concentration. The use of multivariable regression analysis demonstrated an independent association between the ACT measurement and hematocrit, however, not with the plasma concentration of heparin. ACT monitors demonstrate unacceptable bias differences, combined with wide limits of agreement. The ACT response correlated with hematocrit, but not with the actual heparin concentration.