bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of meteorological conditions on noise dispersion in the Port of Thessaloniki
Authors: Piličić Stjepan , Kegalj Igor , Tserga Eirini , Milošević Teodora , Žigulić Roberto , Skoblar Ante , Traven Luka
Published: August 2020

Although noise dispersion models are widely used for the assessment of noise levels across different domains, the influence of meteorological conditions on environmental noise is usually neglected even though modelling requirements often list meteorological data as a key part for conducting successful modelling exercises. In order to evaluate the magnitude of influence of meteorological conditions on noise dispersion, different meteorological scenarios have been tested. The meteorological parameters that have been addressed include wind speed and direction, air temperature and atmospheric pressure. The simulations have been performed using data obtained from the Port of Thessaloniki, which include standard noise data (locations of noise sources and barriers, noise power levels of individual sources), as well as yearly averages and extremes for the meteorological parameters. Wind speed and direction have been shown to have a major influence on environmental noise levels. The modelled difference in levels due to changes in wind speed and direction reached 7 dB in several receivers indicating an effect that should not be neglected. Air temperature and atmospheric pressure had very little influence on noise levels. In conclusion, when addressing and modelling environmental noise levels, wind speed and direction must be properly accounted for and should not be neglected.
Foundations as “Amigos o Rebeldes”: The Influence of Philanthropic Funding on Local Immigration Policy Outputs
Authors: Calderon Maria Apolonia
Published: August 2020

Research on foundations public policy influence, traditionally, focuses on policy reform. Largely unexplored is the influence that philanthropic funding has on recipient communities. Unlike previous research, this study uses a newly compiled dataset on immigration-related giving to study how funding for political citizenship services, integration services, and government-related advocacy influences the identification of deportable immigrants across the continental United States. The quantitative analysis indicates foundations exert indirect influence within local immigration policy outputs through the use of targeted philanthropic grants. However, the effect of the indirect influence depends upon the policy activities receiving funding. Philanthropic foundations’ providing funding for political citizenship and integration services lead to decreases in immigration enforcement. While funding for government-related advocacy can help increase immigration enforcement, it can also help address issues of equity in immigration enforcement. Interviews with foundation grantees provide further insights into how the funding of these policy activities can alter the relationship between the philanthropic community and the government agencies implementing U.S. immigration policy.
Antibacterial polymer nanofiber-coated and high elastin protein-expressing BMSCs incorporated polypropylene mesh for accelerating healing of female pelvic floor dysfunction
Authors: Liu Min , Wang Lei , Tong Xiaowen , Dai Jiamu , Li Guang , Zhang Peihua , Li Huaifang
Published: August 2020

To solve the bio-inertness of widely used polypropylene (PP) mesh for treating pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), a novel strategy of incorporation with elastin gene-transfected bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) and antibacteria drug-loaded polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibrous mat covering layer was proposed to overcome the limitation of the pristine PP mesh. Then, a series of physicochemical and in vitro experiments were applied to investigate the improvement of the as-prepared material. The elastin protein expression was proved to be upregulated without obvious cytotoxicity influence after the gene transfection and also improved the cell migration rate. In addition, the antibacteria drug-loaded PLA nanofibrous mat on the PP mesh could efficiently inhibit bacteria and showed no significant impact on cell adhesion and proliferation. Thus, we believe that the incorporation of the elastin gene-transfected BMSCs and nanofiber-coated PP mesh would be a potential candidate in the application of female PFD.
Development of SPE clean-up procedure for acrylamide determination from potato-based products by GC-MS/MS
Authors: Negoiță Mioara , Mihai Adriana Laura , Horneț Gabriela Andreea , Duță Denisa Eglantina
Published: August 2020

The aim of this work was to develop an analytical method for determining acrylamide in potato-based products by gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS/MS) using solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up. Different conditions for extraction and clean-up of AA extracts were studied on a potato crisps reference material (RM) with the value of 625 ± 45 μg/kg: the solvent volume used for AA elution, the extraction water temperature, the volume of hexane used, and also the addition of Carrez solutions. The SPE cartridge sorbents contain silica-based C-18 groups (anion and cation exchangers) and polymers (polystyrene-divinylbenzene). After SPE clean-up, extracts were derivatized with bromine compounds. A good efficiency for AA extraction and a cleaned-up extract from this matrix were obtained when the SPE procedure was carried out with water at room temperature, simultaneous with hexane, without Carrez solutions, by using two types of SPE cartridges (Isolute Multimode; Isolute ENV+), and 5 mL of elution solvent. The SPE clean-up procedure functionality was demonstrated by the results obtained in the Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme proficiency test (z-score: −0.8) on French fries (precooked) matrix and also by comparative analysis with a laboratory procedure, validated and accredited on cereal-based food matrices, in which liquid–liquid extraction and clean-up through a florisil column were realized (RSD(R) = 2.23–5.10%).
Evidencing Human Occupation of a Small Island Through Ancient Glass: The Case of Ustica (Palermo, Italy)
Authors: Martin Franco Foresta , Barca Donatella , Posedi Ivona
Published: August 2020

The subject of this study consists of 17 ancient glass fragments from the island of Ustica (Palermo, Italy) obtained from local museums. All the 17 glass fragments are stratigraphically decontextualized, as they were collected by archaeological surface surveys. Each fragment was analyzed by Electron Micro Probe Analyzer coupled with an Energy Dispersive X-Ray System (EMPA-EDS) and by Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) to obtain the composition of major, minor and trace elements. Surface analyses revealed the presence of corrosion layers in most of the glass fragments which was evident also in the chemical data. Nevertheless, reconstruction of the glassmaking processes and the approximate period of production was possible for almost all the glass fragments. Less than half of the examined fragments are attributable to recognizable typologies as unguentaria, beakers, bottles, and vases; all the other small fragments are typologically undetermined. Out of 17 fragments only one fragment is of HLLA composition possibly being produced in 17th–18th century AD, while all the others can be attributed to soda glass with different periods of production: natron glass from Roman and Early Medieval period, plant-ash glass from High or Late Medieval period with the exception of possible Byzantine glass from 6th century AD, and synthetic soda glasses typical of modern era. These data confirm the discontinuous habitation of the island from the Roman period as well as the import of glass objects to the island.
Numerals in Akebu
Authors: Makeeva Nadezhda , Shluinsky Andrey
Published: August 2020

This article presents an overview of the numeral system in Akebu, a Kwa language of Togo. The Akebu numeral system is a decimal one and contains simple numerals from ‘1’ to ‘9’ and decimal bases for ‘10’, ‘100’, and ‘1,000’. The former have noun class agreement markers, while the latter do not. Only some noun classes are compatible with numerals, but among them there are both plural and singular classes.
Delivering Balinese Dance to the Digital Era: Multimedia-Enriched Dictionary
Authors: Suandi I. Nengah , Bandem I. Made , Mudana I. Wayan , Partami Ni Luh , Aryanto Kadek Yota Ernanda
Published: August 2020

Balinese dance is the intangible cultural heritage which has become one of the main tourism draws in Indonesia, and worldwide that offers various cultural wealth with its unique qualities. It has strong characteristics, shown through the movements, music, and costumes. The richness of Balinese dance has attracted people, both scholars and tourists, to learn it. Unfortunately, it also presents a challenge for people who have just begun to learn it, due to their unfamiliarity with its terms taken from the local Balinese language. An Android-based application aimed at remedying this problem has been developed and has been evaluated for its main features and functionality. Several suggestions from initial users have been obtained and utilized for further development of the dictionary. By maintaining the multimedia features, the dictionary has become not only a reference for terms but also a practical reference for the dance movement itself. The results of the user survey suggested that further development using advanced technology could deliver more appealing experiences in learning Balinese dance. Furthermore, most of the respondents stated that the current development is appropriate as an early step in the efforts to preserve the record of Balinese dance.
Using 3D/VR for Research and Cultural Heritage Preservation: Project Update on the Virtual Ganjali Khan Project
Authors: Bozorgi Khosrow , Lischer-Katz Zack
Published: August 2020

This paper describes the Virtual Ganjali Khan Project, an ongoing research initiative that is using 3D scanning and immersive virtual reality (VR) technologies to document a large historical landmark in the desert city of Kerman, Iran, the Ganjali Khan Complex. It describes the intellectual merits of these emerging technologies for preserving and providing new forms of access to cultural heritage sites, outlines the procedures of data collection and 3D processing, and describes the current work and next steps of the project. This paper will be of interest to scholars and institutions considering using 3D and VR technologies for supporting cultural heritage preservation, digital humanities projects, or other types of interdisciplinary research.
Post Conflict Normalization through Trade Preferential Agreements: Egypt, Israel and the Qualified Industrial Zones
Authors: Kahn Yehudith , Arieli Tamar
Published: August 2020

Trade and economic cooperation are often promoted through policy to facilitate post-conflict normalization. The Qualified Industrial Zone (QIZ) model of duty and quota-free industrial regions is a policy tool initiated by the United States as a brokerage in promoting peace between Israel and its Arab neighbors. Indeed, a vast literature aims to evaluate the economic and political potential of trade liberalization. Yet the mechanisms of trade policy implementation in a post-conflict environment, its timing and underlying political motives, are critical but rather neglected factors, which design the prospects of trade incentives. We therefore question the effectiveness of the QIZ as a tool addressing post-conflict dynamics and ask whether its impact on Israel–Egyptian relations reflects the value of this policy or the circumstances of its implementation. Using mixed methods, this study presents and evaluates the implementation of the QIZ in Egypt since 2004 and its results, both economic and political, fine tuning the broader debate to focus on circumstances of implementation. This case study demonstrates the results of trade opportunity implementation as a reaction to threat rather than mobilization to realize post-conflict rapprochement or even to reap economic opportunity. Notwithstanding the forces of globalization, Egypt’s pre and post-revolutionary internal political economy and delicate relations with Israel serve as the context for understanding the QIZ. This context facilitates contradicting political interpretations, with the QIZ simultaneously celebrated as an economic success, criticized as an Egyptian escape route from structural reforms, and accused as embodying a U.S.–Egyptian elite conspiracy, to coerce Egyptian economic normalization with Israel.
COVID-19 in Africa: Turning a Health Crisis into a Human Security Threat?
Authors: Haer Roos , Demarest Leila
Published: August 2020

While the number of African COVID-19 cases is relatively limited for now, the pandemic and the restrictive measures to curtail the virus might have important implications for the level of human security. They may give rise to economic decline and rising poverty, authoritarianism, urban violence, and increasing social inequalities. In this proceeding, we will outline the mechanisms through which these consequences may take hold in Africa.
COVID-19 as a Potential Accelerator. A Euro-Centric Perspective
Authors: Kollias Christos , Zouboulakis Michel
Published: August 2020

In the words of the IMF, the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have generated “a crisis like no other”. Economic shocks often result in social and political quivers within states but also affect relations between states. In the short conceptual note that follows, we concentrate on the European Union and we explore the possible effects the COVID-19 economic fallout will have on its already strained cohesion. We argue that it has the potential to act as an accelerator towards greater European integration.
The effect of guide vane type on performance of multistage energy recovery hydraulic turbine (MERHT)
Authors: Tian Yabin , Hu Anjie , Zheng Qi
Published: August 2020

In this work, we theoretically analyzed the main factors affecting performance of multistage energy recovery hydraulic turbine (MERHT), and found that the arc radius (r) of the edge at the outlet section of the runner guide vane is the determining factor of the hydraulic efficiency of hydraulic turbines. To further improve the performance of the MERHT, a numerical model is then proposed to optimize the arc radius. The MERHT-type DCSGT250-175 × 9 was taken in the simulation. The hydraulic efficiency ηh and the corresponding distributions of pressure and velocity were numerically studied with four different values of r ranging from 133.5 to 138 mm. It is found that the flow state and the flow field distribution were the best when r equals to 134 mm. With the optimum r, the external diameter of the runner guide vane (D) was further adjusted, which can lead to 3.9% increase of average efficiency according to the simulation results.
Mathematical analysis of a non-Newtonian polymer in the forward roll coating process
Authors: Zahid Muhammad , Zafar Muhammad , Rana Muhammad A. , Lodhi Muhammad S. , Awan Abdul S. , Ahmad Babar
Published: August 2020

This article describes the development of a mathematical model of forward roll coating of a thin film of a non-Newtonian material when it passes through a small gap between the two counter-rotating rolls. The conservation equations of mass, momentum, and energy in the light of LAT (lubrication approximation theory) are non-dimensionalized and solutions for the velocity profile, flow rate, pressure distribution, pressure, forces, stresses, power input to the roller, and temperature distribution are calculated analytically. It is found that by changing (increasing/decreasing) the value of material parameters, one can really control the engineering parameters like, stress and the most important the coating thickness and is a quick reference for the engineer working in coating industries. Some results are shown graphically. From the present study, it has been established that the material parameter is a device to control flow rate, coating thickness, separation points, and pressure distribution.
Synthesis of Ag@PANI nanocomposites by complexation method and their application as label-free chemo-probe for detection of mercury ions
Authors: Singh Lovepreet , Singh Vishal
Published: August 2020

A novel optical probe consistinsg of Ag@PANI (silver-polyaniline) nanocomposites was developed for detection of mercury ions (Hg2+). The poly-dispersed Ag@PANI nanocomposites were synthesized by complexation reaction method. We studied structural and functional properties of polymer nanocomposites thoroughly. Ag@PANI nanocomposites consist of fibrous morphology with a mean particle size of 31.39 nm. Ag@PANI nanocomposites consist of face-centered cubic crystal structure with an average crystallite size of 19.41 nm. Raman spectroscopy was used in sensitive and selective detection of Hg2+ ions in dynamic range of 0.01–0.1 ppm with limit of detection of 0.019 ppm. Ag@PANI nanocomposite sensor for Hg (II) ions has shown some sublime results in pH range 3–5. Ag@PANI-based sensing probe can be beneficial for Hg2+ ions detection in highly sensitive biological, chemical and environmental analysis. Our sensing probe has shown good reproducibility, and all recorded observations revealed that sensing probe consisting of Ag@PANI nanocomposites is well suited for detection of Hg2+ ions.
Star-shaped arylacetylene resins derived from silicon
Authors: Dai Niping , Tang Junkun , Ma Manping , Liu Xiaotian , Li Chuan , Huang Farong
Published: August 2020

Star-shaped arylacetylene resins, tris(3-ethynyl-phenylethynyl)methylsilane, tris(3-ethynyl-phenylethynyl) phenylsilane, and tris (3-ethynyl-phenylethynyl) silane (TEPHS), were synthesized through Grignard reaction between 1,3-diethynylbenzene and three types of trichlorinated silanes. The chemical structures and properties of the resins were characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Haake torque rheomoter, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, mechanical test, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the melt viscosity at 120 °C is lower than 150 mPa⋅s, and the processing windows are as wide as 60 °C for the resins. The resins cure at the temperature as low as 150 °C. The good processabilities make the resins to be suitable for resin transfer molding. The cured resins exhibit high flexural modulus and excellent heat-resistance. The flexural modulus of the cured TEPHS at room temperature arrives at as high as 10.9 GPa. Its temperature of 5% weight loss (T
d5) is up to 697 °C in nitrogen. The resins show the potential for application in fiber-reinforced composites as high-performance resin in the field of aviation and aerospace.
Slotted bone point from Tłokowo – rewritten story of a unique artefact from Mesolithic Poland
Authors: Osipowicz Grzegorz , Orłowska Justyna , Bosiak Mariusz , Manninen Mikael A. , Targowski Piotr , Sobieraj Jarosław
Published: August 2020

The article describes the results of the interdisciplinary studies of a unique bone slotted point from Tłokowo, north-eastern Poland. The artefact was discovered in 1989, and indirect dating suggested an Early Mesolithic date. In this article we present the results of direct radiocarbon dating of the point, which shows that it is almost 2000 years younger than previously suggested. In addition, physical-chemical studies of the adhesive used to mount the flint inserts inside the point were conducted. The results of gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FT-IR) analysis indicate that the adhesive is birch tar. Finally, the article presents the results of detailed traceological studies that allow interpretation of the technology of production and possible function of the point. For the analysis, as well as various types of microscopes, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used. In the discussion the results of all the analyses are considered alongside our current knowledge of this type of Mesolithic points in Europe.
Simultaneous enhancement of strength and ductility with nano dispersoids in nano and ultrafine grain metals: a brief review
Authors: Hu Yusheng , Yu Ziyun , Fan Genlian , Tan Zhanqiu , Zhou Jiandang , Zhang Hao , Li Zhiqiang , Zhang Di
Published: August 2020

Grain refinement is the most universal and effective method of strengthening metallic materials, which is known as the “Hall-Petch” relationship. However, when grain size is refined to sub-micro regime (Ultrafine Grain, UFG) or even nano regime (Nano Grain, NG), the plasticity of metallic materials becomes poor. Massive studies indicate that the low strain hardening ability resulted from the enhanced dynamic recovery and lack of dislocation accumulation in fine grains is the main reason for low ductility in UFG/NG metals. To resolve this “strength-ductility” conflict, different strategies have been taken, like bimodal/multimodal structure, nanotwins, gradient structure and intragranular nano dispersoids. Among them, the introduction of nano dispersoids into the fine grains attracted lots of attention due to its wide applicability and great success in simultaneously increasing the strength and ductility of the UFG/NG metal. In addition to the enhanced mechanical performance, the introduced second-phase particle may also bring some extraordinary functional properties into the metallic material. In this paper, a brief view of the strategies to improve ductility of the UFG/NG metals and the relevant toughening mechanisms are revealed. Special attentions are paid to the utilization of intragranular nano dispersoids in Aluminum alloys.
Coastline extraction and land use change analysis using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) technology – A review of the literature
Authors: Yasir Muhammad , Hui Sheng , Binghu Huang , Rahman Sami Ur
Published: August 2020

Coastlines mapping techniques or the coastline automated analyses have been sought after. In practice, various sorts of seacoasts, for example, biological, silty, arenaceous, artificial, and bedrock coasts, have their own attributes, which force various degrees of intricacy on coastline mapping. As an extraordinary kind of complex artificial coast, aquaculture coast is shaped by the farming of aquatic organisms on silt tidal flats. With the rapid growth of coastal aquaculture in recent years, aquaculture coasts have increased in some developing countries. It has been estimated that aquaculture coasts constitute about 30% of all coastlines in mainland China. In order to identify, monitor, model, and manage the vast expanse of coastal aquaculture, effective methods of extracting aquaculture coastlines from remotely sensed imagery are desired. Secondly, with the rapid economic development in coastal areas, the development of coastal zone resources is also increasing day by day, which benefits the development of island coastal zone. Using oneself has become an important link in the development of marine economy. Due to the limited coastal resources and low environmental carrying capacity, the overexploitation and utilization of coastal resources will lead to a series of problems, such as coastal erosion, coastal migration and accumulation, island area reduction, etc., Both man-made activities and natural factors will lead to coastline changes, which will lead to corresponding changes in coastal ecological environment, thus affecting the coordinated development of coastal economy and the survival of coastal residents. Therefore, efficient, accurate and timely acquisition of coastline information and research on the spatial-temporal changes of coastline are of great significance to the protection of the living environment of coastal residents, the effective development of island and coastal resources, the coordination of sustainable economic development in coastal areas and the mitigation of marine disasters. This paper presents a review of those papers reporting coastline extraction and land use and land cover (LULC) change analysis using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) technology.
Organotellurium compounds: an overview of synthetic methodologies
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Rehman Rabia , Razali Mohd. R. , Shafiq-Ur-Rehman  , Ateeq-Ur-Rehman  , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan
Published: August 2020

In wake of emerging applications of organotellurium compounds in biological and material science avenues, the current review describes their key synthetic methodologies while focusing the synthesis of organotellurium compounds through five ligand-to-metal linkages including carbon; carbon-oxygen; carbon-nitrogen; carbon-metal; carbon-sulfur to tellurium. In all of these linkages whether tellurium links with ligands through a complicated or simple pathways, it is often governed through electrophilic substitution reactions. The present study encompasses these major synthetic routes so as to acquire comprehensive understanding of synthetic organotellurium compounds.
Multi-physics flux coupling for hydraulic fracturing modelling within INMOST platform
Authors: Terekhov Kirill M.
Published: August 2020

This work presents an overview of techniques that enable the construction of collocated finite volume method for complex multi-physics models in multiple domains. Each domain is characterized by the properties of heterogeneous media and features a distinctive multi-physics model. Coupling together systems of equations, corresponding to multiple unknowns, results in a vector flux. The finite volume method requires continuity of intradomain and interdomain vector fluxes. The continuous flux is derived using an extension of the harmonic averaging point concept. Often, the collocated coupling of the equations results in a saddle-point problem subject to inf-sup stability issues. These issues are addressed by the eigen-splitting of indefinite matrix coefficients encountered in the flux expression. The application of the techniques implemented within INMOST platform to hydraulic fracturing problem is demonstrated.
Tensor decompositions and rank increment conjecture
Authors: Tyrtyshnikov Eugene E.
Published: August 2020

Some properties of tensor ranks and the non-closeness issue of sets with given restrictions on the rank of tensors entering those sets are studied. It is proved that the rank of the d-dimensional Laplacian equals d. The following conjecture is formulated: for any tensor of non-maximal rank there exists a nonzero decomposable tensor (tensor of rank 1) such that the rank increases by one after adding this tensor. In the general case, it is proved that this property holds algebraically almost everywhere for complex tensors of fixed size whose rank is strictly less than the generic rank.
A monitoring procedure for detecting structural breaks in factor copula models
Authors: Manner Hans , Stark Florian , Wied Dominik
Published: August 2020

We propose a new monitoring procedure based on moving sums (MOSUM) for detecting single or multiple structural breaks in factor copula models. The test compares parameter estimates from a rolling window to those from a historical data set and analyzes the behavior under the null hypothesis of no parameter change. The case of multiple breaks is also treated. In the model, the joint copula is given by the copula of random variables which arise from a factor model. This is particularly useful for analyzing high dimensional data. Parameters are estimated with the simulated method of moments (SMM). We analyze the behavior of the monitoring procedure in Monte Carlo simulations and a real data application. We consider an online procedure for predicting the day-ahead Value-at-risk based on the suggested monitoring procedure.
The Postsocialist Transformation of Youth Voluntarism in Serbia
Authors: Ljubojević Ana
Published: August 2020

The author analyses the transformation of youth voluntarism in Serbia on two levels: 1) institutional, i. e. by tracing the changes in organizing structures of the Young Researchers of Serbia organization from 1980 to 2000, from a coordinated network of organizations to a postsocialist civil society organization; and 2) personal, i. e. by analysing personal experiences of the volunteers in the last decade of the twentieth century. Following the methodological approach of discourse analysis, the study relies on sixteen semi-structured interviews with volunteers engaged in the first postwar and post-sanctions voluntary workcamps in Serbia and internationally, as well as with some of the leading officers from the organization and former workcamp leaders. Particular attention was paid to the period of the Yugoslav wars (1991–1999), the collaboration with the antiwar movements in the region, and the process leading to the foundation of the Southeast European Youth Network.
Markers of identification in Indigenous academic writing: A case study of genre innovation
Authors: Makmillen Shurli , Riedlinger Michelle
Published: August 2020

This study contributes to research into genre innovation and scholarship exploring how Indigenous epistemes are disrupting dominant discourses of the academy. Using a case study approach, we investigated 31 research articles produced by Mäori scholars and published in the journalAlterNativebetween 2006 and 2018. We looked for linguistic features associated with self-positioning and self-identification. We found heightened ambiguous uses of “we”; a prevalence of verbs associated with personal (as opposed to discursive) uses of “I/we”; personal storytelling; and a privileging of Elders’ contributions to the existing state of knowledge. We argue these features reflect and reinforce Indigenous scholars’ social relations with particular communities of practice within and outside of the academy. They are also in keeping with Indigenous knowledge-making practices, protocols, and languages, and signal sites of negotiation and innovation in the research article. We present the implications for rhetorical genre studies and for teaching academic genres.
An overview of procalcitonin in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: clinical diagnosis, follow-up, prognosis and survival rates
Authors: Ekici-Günay Nahide , Koyuncu Serhat
Published: August 2020

Objectives

This study investigates whether a diagnostic threshold value of procalcitonin exists in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), while also determining the correlation between serum procalcitonin and routine diagnostic laboratory markers, monitoring changes in procalcitonin levels over time during hospitalization, and exploring the effect of procalcitonin levels on survival rates.

Methods

A total of 161 patients, including 100 with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of CCHF and 61 as a control group, were retrospectively investigated. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the contribution of procalcitonin when diagnosing the onset in CCHF patients. Procalcitonin levels were measured with Diazyme latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetric method in Roche Cobas C501 analyzer. A Mann–WhitneyU-test was applied to compare the groups, a Mantel–Haenszel (log-rank) test was used to calculate for graphic of original individual patient time-to-event data, and a Kaplan–Meier survival curve was plotted.

Results

A ROC curve analysis identified a best predictive procalcitonin level cut-off point of 0.560 μg/L, with a specificity of 97% and sensitivity of 27% for CCHF. The highest levels of procalcitonin were measured on day 2 during the follow-up throughout and on the 5th day peaked for a second time, lower than the first.

Conclusions

Procalcitonin may serve as prognostic indicator and an auxiliary biomarker to rule out of CCHF.
The role of the delta neutrophil index in determining the etiology of neonatal sepsis
Authors: Büyükeren Melek , Çelik Hasan Tolga , Yiğit Şule , Portakal Oytun , Sancak Banu , Yurdakök Murat
Published: August 2020

Objectives

To demonstrate immature granulocyte (IG) count and delta neutrophil index (DNI) values (novel potential predictive marker for neonatal sepsis) for neonates.

Methods

This prospective controlled clinical study was consisted of 208 patients (77 in the study group and 131 in the control group) who were delivered between January 2016 and January 2018 at the Hacettepe University Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Ankara, Turkey. In this study, we evaluated value of DNI in diagnosing neonatal sepsis by comparing the DNI values in culture positive septic neonates with healthy neonates.

Results

In our study, the median interquartile range (IQR = 25–75%) DNI was 0.1% (0.0–0.3%) in the control group and 1.5% (1.0–2.45%) in the sepsis group (p < 0.05). In our ROC curve analysis, the cut-off value for the DNI as a sepsis marker was 0.65%, with 96.2% specificity and 97.4% sensitivity. Those patients with gram-negative isolates had significantly higher DNI and IG counts when compared to those patients with gram-positive bacteria (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Our findings indicated that the DNI counts are significant diagnostic biomarkers for neonatal sepsis. They may also have utility in determining the sepsis etiology (differentiating between gram-positive and gram-negative agents).
Telicity and object position in Taiwanese Southern Min and Hakka
Authors: Wang Chyan-an Arthur , Wu Hsiao-hung Iris
Published: August 2020

This paper investigates the phenomena of obligatory object preposing in Taiwanese Southern Min (TSM) and Hakka. We first refute the previous treatment of having the information-structural theory as an exclusive account of TSM and Hakka obligatory object preposing and show that telicity is another important dimension to object prespoing in the two languages. In particular, object preposing always takes place when a given verb bears a designated telicity marker, independent of the referential and information structural properties of its object. Consistent with recent work on the syntax of lexical aspect that telic readings are reflected in certain syntactic configurations, we suggest that in TSM and Hakka, telicity involves feature checking of the verb and its objects in the checking domain of a functional projection InAspP. For a theme argument to be able to measure out an event, it must enter an Agree relationship with the [telic] feature in InAsp, which has the edge property that triggers movement of the theme to its specifier. The proposed aspectual structure is further supported by distributional and interpretational properties including object preposing asymmetry, height of interpretation site of ambiguous adverbials, as well as the distribution of time-frame adjuncts and durative adjuncts.
Makrotypografie als Verständlichkeitsfaktor
Authors: Bock Bettina M.
Published: August 2020

Easy-to-read (ETR) German aims to reduce communication barriers by simplifying both language and content as much as possible. For that purpose, a rigid rule-based practice is commonly used. The main target group are usually people with intellectual disability (ID) but other groups, e. g. functional illiterates, are also often intended addressees. The comprehensibility of ETR German texts, however, still awaits systematic empirical testing. The aim of the present study is to investigate macrotypography as a factor of text comprehensibility across different text types. A sample of individuals with ID and functional illiterates participated in qualitative interviews and was given a multiple-choice procedure in which typical ETR macrotypography and conventional text type macrotypography were compared. The results showed an advantage of the conventional macrotypographic design. In one case the text type was almost as easily recognized when ETR macrotypography was used. The analysis of the qualitative data, however, showed that it was primarily the participants with ID who were able to recognise the text type in this case. The outcome of the study therefore argues that conventional macrotypography may be more advantageous than the macrotypographic practice associated with ETR German.
High-pressure synthesis of SmGe3
Authors: Hübner Julia-Maria , Carrillo-Cabrera Wilder , Cardoso-Gil Raul , Koželj Primož , Burkhardt Ulrich , Etter Martin , Akselrud Lev , Grin Yuri , Schwarz Ulrich
Published: August 2020

The new samarium germanide SmGe3is obtained by high-pressure high-temperature synthesis of pre-reacted mixtures of samarium and germanium at a pressure of 9.5 GPa and temperatures between 1073 and 1273 K. SmGe3decomposes at 470(5) K into SmGe2,α-Sm3Ge5and a hitherto unknown phase. SmGe3exhibits a superstructure of the cubic Cu3Au-type. Transmission electron microscopy measurements of crystalline particles and prepared lamellae indicate a high density of defects on the nanoscale. Selected area electron diffraction and elaborate X-ray powder diffraction measurements consistently indicate a 2a0 × 2a0 × 2a0superstructure adopting space groupFm3¯m$Fm\overline{3}m$witha = 8.6719(2) Å.
Exact force-free plasma equilibria with axial and with translational symmetries
Authors: Bogoyavlenskij Oleg
Published: August 2020

Exact force-free plasma equilibria satisfying the nonlinear Beltrami equation are derived. The construction is based on a nonlinear transformation that allows to get from any solution to the linear Beltrami equation a one-parametric family of exact solutions to the nonlinear one. Exact force-free plasma equilibria connected with the Sine-Gordon equation are presented.
The electronic structure, phase transition, elastic, thermodynamic, and thermoelectric properties of FeRh: high-temperature and high-pressure study
Authors: Hao YanJun , Zhang Lin , Zhu Jun
Published: August 2020

Using the projector augmented wave (PAW) within the Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE) form of generalized gradient approximation (GGA), We present a study of the electronic structure, phase transition, elastic, thermodynamic, and thermoelectric properties of FeRh. We find that FM structure exhibits the largest Fe magnetic moment, which is in accordance with the experimental data and Fe magnetic moment for A-AFM and G-AFM phases, c-AFM, A’-AFM and Ort phases show lower Fe local magnetic moment. Our most stable structure is orthorhombic phase. This conclusion is supported by Zarkevich and Johnson, but contrary to the results of Aschauer et al., Kim et al. and Gruner et al. The obtained phase transition of Ort → c-AFM occurs at ca. 116.5 GPa and c-AFM to A’-AFM phase transition pressure is 119.0 GPa. The compressional, shear and average velocities as well as the bulk and shear moduli increase monotonically with increasing pressure. It is also found that thermal electronic contributions to specific heat are not negligible and contribution rate of electrons to the total thermal conductivity dominant at high temperature. At lower temperature, lattice thermal conductivity KL increases rapidly with the increasing pressure and KL has a moderate increase under pressure at higher temperature. Whereas, electronic thermal conductivity Ke is opposite. Most of the heat is carried by phonons with mean free paths ranging from 10 to 300 nm at 300 K.
Na2MgSnS4 – a new member of the A
2
I
B
II
C
IV
X
4 family of compounds
Authors: Heppke Eva M. , Lerch Martin
Published: August 2020

A new member of the A
2
I
B
II
C
IV
X
4 compound family, Na2MgSnS4, has been synthesized by ball milling of the binary sulfides SnS, Na2S, and MgS with elemental sulfur in a high-energy planetary mill, followed by annealing in an atmosphere of H2S (T = 600 °C/3 h). Na2MgSnS4 adopts the NaCrS2-type structure (rhombohedral, space group R

3
¯

$\overline{3}$

m) with a = 3.7496(11) and c = 19.9130(6) Å. The Na atoms occupy Wyckoff position 3b, whereas the Mg and Sn atoms are statistically distributed on the cation sites 3a; all cations are surrounded by six sulfur atoms.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ag-coated ZnO nanorods for the degradation of methylene blue
Authors: Ahmad Riaz , Haq Sami Ul , Muhammad Sohail , Khan Gulzar , Shah Said Karim , Hayat Khizar , Khan Rashid , Khan Tahirzeb , Rehman Ateeq Ur , Uzair Muhammad , Khan Aurangzeb , Khan Majid
Published: August 2020

Worldwide water pollution is a serious issue, which needs special attention. Among these pollutants, methylene blue (MB) is dangerous for aquatic life as well as for human beings. Researchers are trying their best to degrade the various pollutants found in water. In the present work, we synthesized ZnO nanorods (NRDs) by one-step hydrothermal method. The synthesized samples were then characterized with the help of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). ZnO nanostructures were composed of rod-shaped NRDs with flat edges and were highly crystalline with hexagonal shaped morphology. UV/Visible spectroscopy was carried out to investigate the optical properties, which shows the absorption in UV range and highly transmittance in the visible range. Finally, the photocatalytic activity was performed for the degradation of MB. The results show that MB was not fully degraded by bare ZnO NRDs. After all, we coated Ag NPs on the surfaces of ZnO NRDs through the simple solution-based method. The UV/Visible data reveal absorption in the UV as well as in the visible range due to the surface plasmonic effect of Ag NPs. Hybrid Ag-coated ZnO NRDs successfully degraded MB within 60 min. Therefore, we found that Ag-coated ZnO NRDs show good photocatalytic properties as compared to uncoated ZnO NRDs.
On the influence of water on urea condensation reactions: a theoretical study
Authors: Gratzfeld Dennis , Heitkämper Juliane , Debailleul Julien , Olzmann Matthias
Published: August 2020

The influence of water molecules on the kinetics of urea condensation reactions was studied with high-level quantum chemical methods and statistical rate theory. The study focuses on the production of biuret, triuret, and cyanuric acid from urea because of their relevance as unwanted byproducts in the urea-based selective catalytic reduction (urea-SCR) exhaust after treatment of Diesel engines. In order to characterize the potential energy surfaces and molecular reaction pathways, calculations with explicitly-correlated coupled-cluster methods were performed. It turned out that the reactions proceed via pre-reactive complexes and the inclusion of one or two water molecules into the condensation mechanisms leads to a decrease of the energy barriers. This effect is particularly pronounced in the production of biuret. Due to the pre-reactive equilibria, the rates of the overall reactions can increase or decrease by incorporating water into the mechanism, depending on the temperature and water concentration. Under the conditions of urea-SCR, the studied reactions are too slow to contribute to the observed byproduct formation.
Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Wound Quality of Life questionnaire
Authors: Vogt Tatiele Naiara , Santos Pamella Naiana Dias , Mantovani Maria de Fátima , Tomim Dabna Hellen , Guimarães Paulo Ricardo Bittencourt , Kalinke Luciana Puchalski
Published: August 2020

Objective: to evaluate the criterion validity and reliability of the Portuguese-Brazilian version of the Wound Quality of Life. Methods: methodological research with 100 participants. For criterion and reliability validation, the items in the Wound Quality of Life questionnaires were correlated with the Freiburg Life Quality Assessment Wound - Wound Version, using the Spearman correlation test and Cronbach’s alpha. Results: the validity of concurrent criteria had a strong magnitude (0.85) when correlated with the Freiburg Life Quality Assessment Wound; the internal consistency had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84. Conclusion: the validated questionnaire has good psychometric properties, is brief, easy to apply and reliable for assessing the quality of life of patients with wounds that are difficult to heal.
Childbirth care in a regional healthcare network of the Mãe Paranaense Network
Authors: Camatti Fabiane Puerari da Silva , Ferreira Helder , Ferrari Rosangela Aparecida Pimenta , Silva Rosane Meire Munhak da , Zilly Adriana
Published: August 2020

Objective: to analyze childbirth care in a regional healthcare unit within the Mãe Paranaense Network. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted with 395 mothers applying a structured questionnaire, data analysis using the Chi-Squared test or G-test, complemented by an adjusted residual analysis (p<0.05). Results: higher education, higher income, abortion and interpartal period <2 years increased cesarean rates. Intrapartum complications and antibiotic therapy were related to cesarean sections. Most did not visit the maternity, had their delivery choice respected, had a companion and mother-baby contact; however, 28.9% did not have their delivery choice respected. Conclusion: there was a reduction in cesarean sections among multiparous, an increase in women who suffered a miscarriage, with an interpartal interval <2 years. Antibiotic therapy and disrespect for the delivery choice were greater for women undergoing cesarean sections. Use of oxytocin, presence of a companion and mother-baby contact were more evident in vaginal delivery.
Evaluation of care technology applied to the nursing process in the light of best practices
Authors: Pendon Rafaela Carolini , Bitencourt Julia Valeria de Oliveira Vargas , Haag Fabiana Brum , Parker Alexander Garcia , Maestri Eleine , Adamy Edlamar Kátia , Meschial William Campo
Published: August 2020

Objective: to unveil nurses' perceptions about the development of care technology to operationalize the nursing process. Methods: qualitative study, developed with seven intensive care nurses, through a focus group, based on a semi-structured script. The content analysis technique was used to interpret the data, in the light of the Best Practices framework. Results: the content of the focus group was organized into two categories of a priori analysis: Applying resolutive knowledge in the development of care technology for the nursing process and development of technology focused on the nursing process, based on the rational use of resources. Conclusion: nurses conceived care technology as best practice, considering that it was based on scientific evidence. It has developed collaboratively, with rational use of resources, based on a partnership with higher education institutions, and customized according to local context and needs.
Relative Testing of Neat Jatropha Methyl Ester by Preheating to Viscosity Saturation in IDI Engine - An Optimisation Approach
Authors: Kolakoti Aditya , Appa Rao B. V.
Published: August 2020

This paper investigates the effect of preheated Jatropha Methyl Ester (PJME) on the performance and emission characteristics of an indirect injection (IDI) diesel engine using combined Taguchi and Grey optimisation technique. For this purpose, PJME with different temperatures (50 °C to 100 °C), engine loads are considered as input factors and fuel consumption, thermal efficiency and exhaust emissions are output factors. Based on Taguchi orthogonal array design matrix, L18 experiments were conducted. The obtained results were analysed in Grey analysis and found that optimum performance and emissions for PJME at 60 °C with 50% load. From the analysis of variance (ANOVA) PJME influence factor is observed as 71.57% and a confirmation test is performed to validate the optimum parameters and observed both statistical and experimental are in good agreement. Finally, a full range of experiments was conducted for PJME at 60 °C and compared the results with diesel fuel. From the results, an appreciable reduction in exhaust emissions like CO, HC, and NO were observed for comparison, smoke and CO2 have also decreased to a marginal extent indicating that PJME can be taken as a replacement to diesel fuel.