bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Performance of the Leuko-CRP Index and Procalcitonin in Patients with Suspected Sepsis who Come to the Emergency Room of the IESS Riobamba Hospital in the period July-December 2017
Authors: Castillo Héctor Fabián Ortega
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Syndrome systemic inflammatory response (SIRS) is activated by the presence of any organic infection to, continuing evolves sepsis, septic shock, multiple organ failure and ends in death. Objective: Determine the utility leuco index/PCR as diagnostic early sepsis. Materials and Methods: Research has no experimental, of type descriptive, transverse and retrospective during the period July-December 2017, in patients with suspected bacterial sepsis attending IESS Riobamba Hospital emergency. It is utilize for diagnostic validity to the calculation of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), likelihood ratio and ROC curves. Results: Se and videnctio as Qua r point of co ho rte of the leuco-PCR index a value of619.82 (AUC:0.85; IC-95%: 0.76-0.9 5; p<0.05) for a procalcitonin greater than or equal to 1ng/dl; while for a procalcitonin most or equal to 0.5ng/dl, an AUC: 0.8 2; CI-95 %; 0.71-0.9 2; p<0.05 ). Conclusion: The index leuco-PCR is useful in the diagnosis of sepsis, and alternative accesib him and inexpensive compared to procalcitonin.
Effect of Short-Term Practice of Breathing Exercises on the Breathing Capacity in Children
Authors: Costa Hélder JT
Published: October 2021

The breathing mechanism has existed since our birth and accompanies us throughout life. Breathing is an important function in the regulatory process of numerous body functions, its optimization can bring many health benefits. However, many children are unaware of the mechanisms of breathing, namely abdominal or diaphragmatic breathing, and in addition to this, many breathe normally through their mouths. The present study aimed to verify the influence of a short-term breathing exercise program on children's breathing capacity. Twenty-one children aged between 8 and 10 years were selected, from this selection two groups were formed, the control group (CG) with 10 children and the experimental group (EG) with 11. Through a spirometric test, an assessment of breathing capacity (ABC) was carried out for both groups. The GE participated in a program of breathing exercises (BEP) lasting 15 to 20 minutes for 5 weeks. Then, the ABC was performed again for both groups. The results demonstrate a significant increase in the values (p<0.027) of the forced vital capacity (FVC) of the EG, thus suggesting that the application of a BEP promotes the breathing capacity of school-aged children. Further studies should be performed with larger samples and with a longer protocol.
The Role of Hearts & Minds in Organisational Change
Authors: C Davies
Published: October 2021

The aims of this paper are as follows: 1. To put Hearts & Minds on the map as a key approach to organisational change. 2. To explain the underlying mechanism of Hearts & Minds. 3. To show that Hearts & Minds can be equally successfully deployed for organisational change in the commercial sector. 4. To explain how Hearts & Minds achieves a higher level of permanence compared with other approaches. The paper traces the military origins of Hearts & Minds from the Malayan Emergency and the Borneo Campaign through to the final version in Operation Storm. The method centres around working within the values of the target audience, focusing on the needs of that audience and mimicking the military model. The results from the commercial adaptation are equally reliable as in the military model and permanence of the transformation is equally present. The key reasons why Hearts & Minds is effective and reliable is as follows: • In an inverted way, fixes problems that are important to the target audience, neither the Administrators nor C-suite • Addresses Needs & Wants of the target audience • Allows the target audience to participate • The target audience are given the skills by a Training Team who chaperone them throughout the task • The Training Team always work within the values of the target audience • Achieves a high level of permanence • Dignity is maintained at all times
Contextualized Problem Solving in Primary School Students
Authors: Nava Tapia Sofía López de
Published: October 2021

The objective of the present study was to explore and describe the influence of a proposal that returns to Problem Based Learning for the application arithmetic principles in the solution of problems in sixth grade students of primary education. Eighty-six of sixth grade students participated with an average age of 11.0 years. The intervention strategy was carried out in nine sessions lasting approximately one hour each. The results in general, do not show statistically significant differences in the performance of the execution in the resolution of problems between pre-test and post-test conditions, however, it was observed through the students' report that they had experienced knowledge acquisition based on the content of the intervention.
Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence and the Engagement Variable
Authors: Navarro C García
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research is to learn how engagement has been measured so far and what new techniques will be used to measure it in the future. To this end, firstly, there is a review of all the current research in engagement has been conducted, in addition to a review of the current traditional techniques used to measure it. Secondly, the concept of Artificial Intelligence has been analyzed and how one of its most common techniques (Natural Language Processing) is starting to be used as a new technique to measure engagement. Once the traditional and new techniques had been presented, a theoretical differentiation was made between them in order to test the benefits of the latter. The main conclusions were that Artificial Intelligence is increasing its fields of action, specifically in the psychology of organizations. In this field, the new techniques allow companies to save time in the administration and the conduction of surveys. Moreover, the data reported by AI is less biased than the one that comes from surveys, since the data is collected directly and these techniques do not bias the employee when answering the items. As a final conclusion, it is proposed that a study be carried out to compare the results of both techniques in real-life companies.
Considerations in the Neuroscience of Adolescent Brain Development: What Clinicians Can Use
Authors: D’Amato Barbara
Published: October 2021

Neuroscience findings suggest brain immaturity and the proliferation of neurons in the frontal cortex at puberty may be significant factors affecting adolescent behaviors. The author considers these findings essential to bolster the analyst’s position to not act, in light of the impulses treating such cases can arouse. Clinical examples illustrate.
Post-Operative Evaluation of Tear Film Instability After Cataract Surgery
Authors: Batool Asma
Published: October 2021

Purpose of Study: To evaluate tear film instability after cataract surgery by measuring tear break up time. Place of Study: This study was carried out in Teaching Hospital, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross- sectional study was conducted in Teaching Hospital, UOL. Tear break up time was measured on patients post-operatively who under -went cataract surgery. A total of 60 patients were included in study after non –probability convenient sampling technique. Both male and female patients were included in study age 45-65 years. Data was collected through self-designed questionnaire based proforma. Further results were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Tear break up time was found statistically reduced at 1 week, 2 week and after one month postoperatively(P =.0002, P<.0001). However, the tear film stability had reverted to approximately the preoperative measurement 1 month after surgery. The mean values of postoperative results were altered from preoperative measurement values. BUT outcomes had reduced considerably at 1 week postoperatively (P=.0001) but had resumed to very nearly the preoperative value 1 month after of cataract surgery. While goblet cell density (GCD) had reduced considerably at 1 week, 2 weekand 1 month postoperatively (P<.0001). Conclusion: This study concludes that tear breakup time is significantly reduced after cataract surgery due to destruction of goblet cells as shown in above tables. But tear break up time is significantly improved after one week, two weeks and one month of follow ups respectively
Rheumatic Bicuspid Aortic Valve Causing Device Embolization during Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Kim Uoo
Published: October 2021

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as a feasible alternative for treatment of severe aortic stenosis with comparable outcomes to surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in recent years. We present a case of device embolization in the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) during TAVR in a patient with severe aortic stenosis that required emergent surgical intervention. During the open-heart surgery for embolized prosthesis extraction and SAVR, both TEE exam and surgical specimen demonstrated bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic nature of the valve with lack of calcification, which were identified to be the two main factors that contributed to the complication. In which the insufficient annular calcification increases the risk of device embolization due to lack of an adequate landing zone for device anchoring, and the anatomy of bicuspid valve contributes to the complication due to its associated large annular size and horizontal aorta. This case highlights device embolization as one possible complication of TAVR which is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, the clinical management process was thoroughly documented with aortic angiography and transoesophageal echocardiography imaging.
Resolution of Severe Anorexia Nervosa Associated with Gender Dysphoria (Dysphorexia) by Testosterone Therapy in Two Male Transgender Youth
Authors: Martin Francisco Javier Martinez
Published: October 2021

Anorexia nervosa is a severe and potentially lethal eating disorder. In transgender youth with severe gender dysphoria, a severe eating disorder (proposed name: dysphorexia), coherent with anorexia nervosa may be triggered by the desire to avoid the cisgender pubertal transition. In these patients, gender-affirming hormone therapy can be extremely effective. We report hereby the cases of two female-to-male transsexual patients with severe gender dysphoria whose anorexia nervosa was related to their pubertal development and who promptly recovered when they started gender-affirming hormone therapy with testosterone, after very limited success with standard psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for anorexia nervosa. Our patients could not access pubertal suppression due to lack of parental consent in one case and failure to express the conflict in the other. We postulate that avoiding the cisgender pubertal transition with GnRH agonist treatment might also be able to prevent the development of dysphorexia.
Bone Turnover Markers and Adipocytokinesresponse to Weight Reduction among Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: El Kader Shehab M Abd
Published: October 2021

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a highly prevalent disease associated with increased the risk of fracture due to altered bone micro architecture and/or poor quality as key factors. Bone remodeling appears to be impaired among patients with T2DM as both markers of bone formation and markers of bone resorption are decreased when compared to healthy subjects. Objective: This study aimed to detect if weight reduction modulates adipokines and markers of bone turnover among T2DM patients. Material and Methods: Eighty obese patients with T2DM (46 men and 34 women), their age ranged from 40-53 years and their body mass index ranged from 30-36 kg/m2 were equally assigned into 2 groups: the weight reduction group received aerobic exercises, diet regimen, where the control group received medical treatment only for 6 months. Results: The mean values of body mass index (BMI), leptin, resistin, visfatin levels significantly decreased, however the mean values of adiponectin, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and serum cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen (NTX) levels significantly increased in the training group. While, the results of the control group were not significant. In addition, there were significant differences between both groups at the end of the study. Conclusion: Weight loss ameliorates adipocytokines and bone turnover markers among obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The Effect of Local Herbs on Children Oral Health Condition in Omisanjana Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: RA Okunade
Published: October 2021

Local herbs contain antibiotic and anti‒inflammatory constituents for treatment of certain diseases. The use of local herbs is dated back to many decades most especially in African countries. The 10 different oral conditions (toothache/decay, gingivitis, ulcerative gingivitis, angular stomatitis, mouth ulcers, swollen tonsil, oral thrush, tonsillitis, and black tongue) treatable with plants in traditional health practice documented in the literature were also noted in this study except for black tongue. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of local herbs on children’s oral health in Ado Ekiti. Fifty questionnaires were randomly distributed among parents in the study area. Data were collected and analyzed in percentage and graphical representations. It was concluded that local herbs has varied effects on oral health of children in the study area. It was therefore recommended that Health Educationist should enlighten the producer of local herb to scientifically demonstrate the real effects of natural medicine, as well as clarify and establish their possible therapeutic applications while parents should discourage the use of prescribed drugs in form of local herbs.
Nursing Practice Environment and the Nurse Manager Intervention: Critical Review
Authors: Gomes P Manuel
Published: October 2021

The Nursing Practice Environment (NPE) influences the quality of nursing care. Studies show far better outcomes for clients, with positive results on nursing teams’ satisfaction and patients with improvements in the outcomes of patients and healthcare organizations. The Practice Environment Scale-Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) is an instrument that measures the nursing practice environment and is currently the most used at a global scale. The analyzed article proves the instrumentsreliability in the assessment of the NPE, despite needing further investigation at a psychometric level; and its applicability in different care settings – Other countries besides the US. However, it is emphasized the need to carry out further experimental and longitudinal studies to potentially identify the mechanisms that influence the NPE.
Pedagogical Practices in Contemporary Education: Bullying Still a Challenge to be Faced
Authors: Moura Maria Lucia
Published: October 2021

This work started from observations about comments, readings and in the media in general about education in contemporary society, and the importance of teachers and their responsibility in this context, since most families are known to believe that the school environment is the ideal place for your child's education, delegating to the teacher their education, which sometimes already deteriorates, regardless of school levels. We opted for searching for articles on Buylling, on the internet, books or magazines. The research is repeated, so there were few unpublished articles, around 13.
Problems of Ethics and Scholarship in Nursing Publications
Authors: McDonald Lynn
Published: October 2021

This article relates the flagrant instances of misinformation on Florence Nightingale, the major founder of professional nursing, in 2020, the bicentenary of her birth, and 2021. It notes the new trend to “pair” Nightingale with another supposed “nursing pioneer,” who was a businesswoman and generous volunteer, Mary Seacole, but who never portrayed herself as a nurse. The article goes on to cite the promotion of misinformation on the two by no less than the Queen, in her Christmas message of 2020, and by her heir, the Prince of Wales, on 12 May 2021, Nightingale’s birthday and International Nurses Day. The most extreme example of misinformation is that of the prince, who claimed joint status for Seacole with Nightingale in achieving the sanitary reforms in the Crimean War that saved large numbers of lives. Unlike Seacole, Nightingale played a role in these reforms, but credited the doctors and engineers of the Sanitary Commission who did the heavy work of renovation. The article calls for high standards of ethics and scholarship in nursing and health care publication. Health authorities, such as Britain’s National Health Service, should be the source of reliable information, especially in a pandemic. Misinformation on mere “historical” matters, not clinical, is not acceptable. Diversity and inclusion are valid goals of any health care system, but should be pursued with integrity. The article introduces a fine Black nursing leader, Kofoworola Abeni Pratt, who is ignored and yet should be celebrated for her contributions to nursing both in England and her home country, Nigeria.
The Role of Human Capital Investment in Poverty Alleviation and Improvement of Indonesian Human Performance in Dignified Economic Independence
Authors:   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang, Sholeh Hidayat Nur , Priyanto Eddy
Published: October 2021

This research studies the role of human capital investment through the mechanism of improving education and health services in efforts to alleviate poverty and increase economic independence with dignity in the form of improving the performance of Indonesia's human resources which is reflected in Indonesia's economic growth. This study uses secondary data from world banks and processed regression using the moving average autoregression method. We find that investment in education and investment in health is positively related to economic growth. And, poverty is negatively related to economic growth. This indicates that human capital investment in Indonesia is able to promote economic growth and alleviate poverty in Indonesia.
Misleiding tijdens de coronapandemie
Authors: Klerks Peter
Published: October 2021

Deception during the corona pandemic. On fake news, conspiracy thinking and social receptivity

In the corona period, phenomena such as disinformation and conspiracy activism have taken on a greater and more disturbing significance. This article provides a first problem picture of current manifestations in the broader social context and offers tentative explanations. It looks in turn at who makes and distributes the fake news, what role conspiracy activism plays in this, what is known about social receptivity, and what the implications are for law enforcement and security. Finally, an action perspective is presented.
De klaroenstoten van de Nederlandse rechter in Urgenda op de klanken van het internationale recht
Authors: Schrijver N.J.
Published: October 2021

De klaroenstoten van de Nederlandse rechter in Urgenda op de klanken van het internationale recht

De Urgenda-uitspraken en de recente Shell-uitspraak tonen aan hoe diep rechtsregels van internationale oorsprong in de Nederlandse rechtsorde doordringen en daar een integraal onderdeel van vormen. Dit artikel brengt eerst kort de ontwikkeling van de rechten van de mens en het internationale klimaatrecht in kaart en bespreekt vervolgens de wijze waarop de beginselen en regels daarvan doorklinken in deze rechterlijke klimaatuitspraken. Het laatste gedeelte van dit artikel reflecteert daarop en concludeert dat deze uitspraken zuivere klaroenstoten zijn omdat het Unierecht en het internationale recht een wezenlijk bestanddeel van de partituur van de Nederlandse rechtspraak zijn.
Maatschappelijke akkoorden en de Aanwijzingen voor convenanten: tijd voor een update!
Authors: Huisman P.J.
Published: October 2021

Maatschappelijke akkoorden en de Aanwijzingen voor convenanten: tijd voor een update!

Maatschappelijke akkoorden zijn nuttig en wenselijk, maar vragen vanuit de kernwaarden van goed openbaar bestuur om aandacht. In deze bijdrage doet de auteur – geïnspireerd door een recent advies van de Raad voor het Openbaar Bestuur over maatschappelijke akkoorden – voorstellen tot aanpassing van de Aanwijzingen voor convenanten, zodat optimaal inhoud kan worden gegeven aan de kernwaarden van goed openbaar bestuur bij de totstandkoming van maatschappelijke akkoorden. De suggesties tot aanpassing van de aanwijzingen zien onder meer op een versterking van de positie van het parlement, een betere borging van een goede representatie aan de onderhandelingstafels en het vergroten van transparantie van het proces.
Pionieren bij de uitleg van het EVRM
Authors: Nap M.
Published: October 2021

Pionieren bij de uitleg van het EVRM

In de rechterlijke uitspraken die de Urgenda-procedure heeft opgeleverd, is een verstrekkende uitleg gegeven aan de artikelen 2 en 8 EVRM. Voor die uitleg kon slechts in beperkte mate een beroep worden gedaan op EHRM-jurisprudentie. De Hoge Raad heeft, mede op verzoek van de procespartijen, ervan afgezien gebruik te maken van de mogelijkheid om het EHRM te verzoeken zich bij wijze van niet-bindende opinie uit te spreken over de betekenis van de relevante verdragsbepalingen voor deze zaak. In deze aflevering van ‘Legisprudentie’ wordt de vraag opgeworpen of de Afdeling advisering van de Raad van State bij de beoordeling van wetgeving die raakt aan de klimaatcrisis ook wel eens aan het pionieren slaat bij haar interpretatie van het EVRM.
Het nieuwe toetsingskader ‘Digitalisering en wetgeving’: enkele reflecties
Authors: Meuwese A.C.M.
Published: October 2021

Het nieuwe toetsingskader ‘Digitalisering en wetgeving’: enkele reflecties

Een nieuw toetsingskader ‘Digitalisering en wetgeving’ maakt onderdeel uit van de recente publicatie ‘Digitalisering. Wetgeving en rechtspraak’ van de Raad van State. Deze korte bespreking stelt de vraag of digitalisering hierin wel in voldoende mate als systeemverandering benaderd wordt.
NORMS ON CARTESIAN PRODUCT OF LINEAR SPACES
Authors: Li Chi-Kwong , Tsing Nam-Kiu
Published: October 2021

Let $X_i, (i=1, \cdots, n)$ be real or complex linear spaces, each equipped with a norm $||\cdot||_i$. Standard ways of constructing norms $||\cdot||$ on the Cartestian product $X =X_1 \times \cdots \times X_n$ are to define
\[ ||(x_1, \cdots, x_n)||=\phi(||x_1||_1, \cdots, ||x_n||_n)\]

via some functions $\phi$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$. Common examples of $\phi$ in standard texbooks are norms on $\mathbb{R}^n$. This may mislead peoples to think that any norm $\phi$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$ can induce a norm on the product space $X$ in the above way. In this note we show that this is actually false and characterize the functions $\phi$ that can give rise to norms on $X$ in the above manner. It turns out that a necessary and sufficient condition on $\phi$ is :

for any $a_1, \cdots, a_n, b_1, \cdots, b_n\ge 0$,

(I) $\phi(a_1, \cdots, a_n)>0$ if $(a_1, \cdots, a_n)\neq (0, \cdots,0)$;
(II) $\phi(\alpha(a_1, \cdots, a_n))= \alpha \phi(a_1, \cdots, a_n)$ if $\alpha\ge 0$;
(III) $\phi(c_1, \cdots, c_n)\le \phi(a_1, \cdots, a_n)+ \phi(b_1, \cdots, b_n)$ if $(c_1, \cdots, c_n)= (a_1, \cdots, a_n)+ (b_1, \cdots, b_n)$;(IV) $\phi(a_1, \cdots, a_n) \le \phi(b_1, \cdots, b_n)$ if $a_i \le b_i$ for all $i$.

Several interesting consequences of the result are discussed.
CONSTRAINED APPROXIMATION OF A COMPACT SET IN A NORMED SPACE
Authors: LIM KIM-PIN
Published: October 2021

CONSTRAINED APPROXIMATION OF A COMPACT SET IN A NORMED SPACE
Solvent dielectric effect on electrochemical properties of 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene
Authors: Huner Keziban , Sarac Abdulkadir Sezai
Published: October 2021

The present study is focused on the electrochemical properties of poly(3,4-propylene­dioxy­thiophene) (Poly(ProDOT)), electrocoated on the single carbon-fiber microelectrode (SCFME) in different electrolytic media, with different solvent dielectric constants (35.9, 41.7, 47.5, 53.3, 59.1 and 64.9). The highest deposition charge density of 24.49 mC cm-2 and the highest specific capacitance of 23.17 mF cm-2 were obtained for Poly(ProDOT) synthesized in a medium with the lowest solvent dielectric constant (e = 35.9). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results of Poly(ProDOT) coated SCFME measured at open circuit potential showed continuously increased impedance magnitudes as ε was increased from 35.9 to 59.1. For all films, almost capacitive impedance responses at lower frequencies at least were obtained. The highest capacitance was observed for the polymer film synthesized in the medium of e = 35.9. The impedance of this film was also measured in different solvent mixtures with different dielectric constants at open circuit potential.
A Global Ecological Classification of Coastal Segment Units to Complement Marine Biodiversity Observation Network Assessments
Authors:   US Geological Survey, Sayre Roger , Butler Kevin , Van Graafeiland Keith , Breyer Sean , Wright Dawn , Frye Charlie , Karagulle Deniz , Martin Madeline , Cress Jill , Allen Tom , Allee Rebecca , Parsons Rost , Nyberg Bjorn , Costello Mark , Harris Peter , Muller-Karger Frank
Published: October 2021

A new data layer provides Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) labels for global coastal segments at 1 km or shorter resolution. These characteristics are summarized for six US Marine Biodiversity Observation Network (MBON) sites and one MBON Pole to Pole of the Americas site in Argentina. The global coastlines CMECS classifications were produced from a partitioning of a 30 m Landsat-derived shoreline vector that was segmented into 4 million 1 km or shorter segments. Each segment was attributed with values from 10 variables that represent the ecological settings in which the coastline occurs, including properties of the adjacent water, adjacent land, and coastline itself. The 4 million segments were classified into 81,000 coastal segment units (CSUs) as unique combinations of variable classes. We summarize the process to develop the CSUs and derive summary descriptions for the seven MBON case study sites. We discuss the intended application of the new CSU data for research and management in coastal areas.
Freiwilliges Engagement als Hope Labour
Authors: Allan Kori
Published: October 2021

Der Beitrag untersucht am kanadischen Fallbeispiel, wie unbezahlte Arbeit in prekären Arbeitsmärkten neu konfiguriert wird. Die Autorin argumentiert, dass Freiwilligenarbeit, ähnlich wie Praktika, zunehmend als eine Form der hope labour konstruiert wird, die auf der Logik der Investition basiert. Hope labour verspricht, dass unbezahltes Engagement womöglich in der Zukunft zu einer regulären Beschäftigung führt, wird faktisch aber in der Gegenwart von Nonprofit-Organisationen und Unternehmen als kostenlose Ressource genutzt. In Workshops für Arbeitssuchende wird eine neoliberale Logik reproduziert, durch die das Selbst als ein Portfolio bzw. ein Bündel von Fähigkeiten imaginiert wird, die vom Individuum eigenverantwortlich zu bearbeiten sind. Arbeitssuchende, insbesondere Immigranten, haben allerdings Schwierigkeiten, Zugang zu freiwilligen Angeboten zu finden, in denen sie tatsächlich einschlägige Fähigkeiten entwickeln können. Während freiwillige Tätigkeiten nicht zwangsläufig – und sogar eher selten – zu bezahlter Arbeit führen, geht es bei der unbezahlten Arbeit zentral darum, den eigenen Lebenslauf zu optimieren und Chancen nachzujagen – prominente Formen des neoliberalen Risikomanagements.
How Leadership Can Help to Mitigate the Dark Side of Autonomy: Results Based on the German Sample of the European Working Conditions SurveyDate submitted: December 23, 2019Date accepted after double-blind review: March 3, 2021
Authors: Backhaus Nils , Steidelmüller Corinna
Published: October 2021

Structural changes in the world of work are accompanied by changes in work content and working conditions, such as an increase in autonomy with respect to work tasks, working time and workplace. It is assumed that these aspects have a positive effect on health and satisfaction at work, but they may also blurry the boundaries of work and private lives and lead to self-endangering work behaviour. As leadership behaviour is particularly important for the safety and health of employees, we assume that it can also help to mitigate possible harmful effects of autonomy. Based on data from the European Working Conditions Survey, we found that working time autonomy and working from home are positively associated with temporal boundarylessness. The construct mediates the association between working from home and unfavourable health outcomes. With respect to working time autonomy, it only mediates the relationship with both health outcomes when constructive leadership is low. Thus, the two autonomy facets can be beneficial but might also deteriorate employees’ health by blurring the boundaries between private and work lives. In supporting employees by means of respect and guidance orientation and supporting employees, leaders can mitigate potentially detrimental effects of working time autonomy.
Torn between the Old and New World of Work: Insights into the Modernised Semi-Profession of the Fashion IndustryDate submitted: December 31, 2019Date accepted after double-blind review: February 1, 2021
Authors: Manske Alexandra
Published: October 2021

This paper explores how persistent gender inequalities of the old world of work are amplified by the new world of work. Focusing on the fashion industry of Berlin, the article offers insight into a female-dominated field of labour as a particular field of labour of the cultural and creative industries (CCI). The CCI is regarded as a role model for new work. However, they entail deep gender inequalities in terms of segregation, low status and low pay. The paper addresses the question of how these gendered inequalities in the fashion industry are intertwined with its professional mechanisms and training structures. Based on a qualitative study, I argue that the fashion industry is a modernised semi-profession, which has been undergoing a market-driven professionalisation. However, this new pathway into the fashion industry fails to fully professionalise that industry. On contrary, it erects new occupational barriers into the field of labour that help establish high qualified and low qualified fashion work that also aids in polarising the still mostly female workforce in terms of status and rewards. Overall, it should become clear that the fashion industry is torn between the old and new world of work which helps to maintain or even reinforce traditional gender inequalities.
On the Precarity-Spectrum: Exploring Different Levels of Precariousness in Market-Mediated Professional WorkDate submitted: November 19, 2019Date accepted after double-blind review: February 1, 2021
Authors: Norbäck Maria , Styhre Alexander
Published: October 2021

Employment studies point to the growth of contractual work and the decline of stable “career jobs”. Reporting on a study of freelance journalists and life science professionals working in thinly capitalized startups, this article substantiates the argument that market-mediated professional work includes undesirable and unanticipated consequences, resulting in costs being borne by the individual professional, which makes this kind of work precarious. However, precariousness is distributed and experienced differently by professional groups. This study contributes to the literature on precarious professional work by illustrating that there is a “spectrum of precarity” when it comes to market-mediated professional work, along which professional groups experience precarity to different degrees. Factors that influence the degree of precarity include marketplace bargaining power: the market demand for professional services and the supply of professional workers; the form of economic remuneration (salary vs. piece rate); and the individual’s general life situation. We conclude by discussing the possible societal ramifications accompanying the increasing precariousness of professional work.
Ownership-Based Entry Mode Strategies and Limiting Factors of Foreign Direct Investment Undertaken by Polish Enterprises
Authors: Jaworek Małgorzata , Karaszewski Włodzimierz , Szałucka Małgorzata
Published: October 2021

The limiting factors of foreign direct investment (FDI) are of considerable significance to managers, governments, and scholars, as these factors directly influence the profitability of a foreign subsidiary and its parent multinational company. The aim of the paper is to present the results of research studies on the identification of FDI-limiting factors of the host country in relation to the firms’ ownership equity-based mode. It illustrates the results of a field survey involving direct interviews conducted with Polish companies as the direct investors. The research results confirmed that joint ventures might be used by Polish companies to reduce the difficulties related to the availability of resources. However, there was no strong conclusive evidence of the expected link between the higher barriers on running a business and the ownership equity-based mode.
Does consistency of pay levels, knowledge of principles and perception of the superior affect the assessment of remuneration justice? – Evidence from Poland and Lithuania
Authors: Juchnowicz Marta , Gruževskis Boguslavas , Kinowska Hanna
Published: October 2021

This paper analyses the relation between organisational justice in its three aspects: distributive, procedural and interactional, and employees’ subjective perception of remuneration justice using the case studies of Poland and Lithuania. Assessment of remuneration justice was inferred with regards to the theory of organisational justice. The conditions of the labour markets in Poland and Lithuania act as the background for the analysis of empirical data. We identified the factors influencing the perception of the fairness of remuneration by Polish and Lithuanian employees. Our results indicate that the assessment is carried out in a comprehensive manner. Comparisons between Poland and Lithuania show that the evaluation criteria are not universal. In the case of Polish employees, the perception of remuneration justice was influenced by the conviction regarding the adequacy of pay relative to the tasks performed, equal pay for similar work and solicitude of the superior. The Lithuanians’ assessment was dependent on the adequacy of remuneration in relation to the work performed and the degree of care exercised by the superior.
Implementing language mandates: English as lingua franca in a Hungarian multinational company
Authors: Yousef Katul
Published: October 2021

This article analyzes implementation of English as a lingua franca, and the way it induces the power relations within a company, through the example of a Hungarian multinational. Specifically, the article contributes to the field of cross-cultural management. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 company members, and grounded theory was used for data analyses. Findings show how a common language can be seen as source of power and raises challenges, especially when the chosen lingua franca is not the headquarters’ language. The absence of initial support processes can cause the loss of shared values and common company goals.
Biofilm Matrix Formation in Human: Clinical Significance, Diagnostic Techniques, and Therapeutic Drugs
Authors: Goudarzi Mehdi , Navidinia Masoumeh , Khadembashi Naghmeh , Rasouli Ramin
Published: October 2021

Context: Some recent reports have indicated that almost 80% of clinical infections in humans have biofilm origin and impose additional healthcare costs. This study was an updated review of extracellular polymeric substance matrix (biofilm) formation in humans and elaborated on its clinical significance, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches. Evidence Acquisition: This narrative study reviewed the most recent information on the significance of microbial biofilm formation in clinical settings, common biofilm-producing bacterial species, its diagnosis, antibiotic drug resistance, and new approaches to the treatment of infections associated with biofilm formation. Results: Evidence indicated a permanent increase in the frequency of microbial biofilm in the central venous catheter, mechanical heart valve, and urinary catheter, as well as persistent infections. However, antimicrobial resistance induced by biofilms formation and the antimicrobial treatment of biofilms were problematic. Moreover, several assays and lab devices were described to evaluate biofilm formation. Furthermore, new attitudes towards anti-biofilm treatments were introduced in this paper. Conclusions: The number of different mechanisms were in accordance with the recent knowledge on how biofilms play a critical role in the disease pathogenesis. Biofilm strikes the treatment and surveillance of patients bearing infectious diseases under different conditions. The use of new methods in anti-biofilm treatments is effective for the recovery of infected patients.
Comparison of Incidental Thyroid Nodules Between Early Breast Cancer Patients and Healthy Controls: Higher Incidence and Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) Score of Patients with Cancer
Authors: Raoufi Masoomeh , Anbiaee Robab , Soltani Zohre , Shojaeian Fatemeh , Safavi-Naini Seyed Amir Ahmad
Published: October 2021

Background: Breast and thyroid cancers remain among the most common malignancies in women. In previous studies, the co-occurrence of thyroid and breast cancers has been reported. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the risk and incidence of incidental thyroid nodules (ITNs) between patients with breast cancer and healthy controls, based on the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS). Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 140 patients with breast cancer and 140 cancer-free women in a similar age range. Thyroid ultrasonography (US) was performed before the onset of treatment. The risk stratification of thyroid nodules was based on the TI-RADS. Results: The mean age of the participants was not significantly different between the case (43.35 ± 7.85 years) and control (42.11 ± 3.69 years) groups (P = 0.094). Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most frequent type of breast cancer in the patients. Normal thyroid US findings were significantly less frequent in patients with breast cancer (35.7%) compared to the healthy controls (76.4%) (P = 0.001). On the other hand, thyroid nodules were more frequent in the patients and associated with a higher risk of malignancy (i.e., high TI-RADS scores) compared to healthy women (P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Besides, patients with breast cancer showed more thyroid abnormalities in the US examinations. Conclusions: A higher frequency of ITN, with an elevated TI-RADS score, which raised the suspicion of malignancy, was seen in patients with breast cancer. Overall, patients with breast cancer may benefit from a regular thyroid US examination.
Can Diffusion-Weighted Imaging be a Gold Standard Method for Acute Appendicitis? A Comparative Study
Authors: Serinsoz Serdar , Akturk Remzi
Published: October 2021

Background: Diagnosis of an inflamed appendix is commonly based on clinical, laboratory, and diagnostic imaging data. Ultrasonography (US) is the leading diagnostic modality for these patients. However, an inconclusive US examination suggests the application of non-enhanced computed tomography (NECT). Objectives: This study aimed to compare US, NECT, and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) examinations for an accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis with the rate of proven appendicitis by surgery. Patients and Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 70 patients, diagnosed with acute appendicitis between February 2018 and January 2020. The diagnostic accuracy of US, CT, and DW-MRI for acute appendicitis was examined in relation to the demographic and clinical variables. Results: Age and gender were not significantly associated with surgically proven appendicitis. However, the appendix diameter had a significant association with surgically proven appendicitis. All DW-MRI–positive patients with acute abdominal symptoms were surgically diagnosed with acute/subacute appendicitis (even those with < 6 mm in diameter). Based on the ROC curve analysis, the sensitivity and specificity of DW-MRI in predicting acute appendicitis was 100% and 90.90%, respectively. Conclusion: The appendix diameter was an important factor in diagnosing acute appendicitis. However, DW-MRI is an advanced technique that may exclude the need for the appendix diameter measurements.
A Giant Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst in a 13-Year-Old Child: A Case Report
Authors: Bigdeli Nora , Bagheri Fatemeh Zahra , Pouladkhay Fatemeh , Azarmehr Tayebeh , Abbasi Sahebi Mehdi
Published: October 2021

: Hydatid disease has been introduced as a crucial health issue in the Eastern Mediterranean by the World Health Organization. Surgery is the standard gold treatment for hydatid disease. Here, we reported a case of a large hydatid cyst involving the lung in a 13-year-old girl complaining of shortness of breath and cough for 8 months. Early symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. After admission, computed tomography verified giant lung hydatid cysts. Complete collapse of the right lung and progressive respiratory distress of the patient were treated with thoracotomy considering the size of the hydatid cyst in the lung. It should be noted that in such patients, the preservation of lung tissue function is very significant, and also, the less part of the lung is removed after surgery, the fewer complications the patient will suffer.
Remissions in Patients with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy Treated with Rituximab in Senegal
Authors: Faye Moustapha , Tiako Fabrice Arnold Tcheumagam , Lemrabott Ahmed Tall , Ba Bacary , Keita Niakhaleen , Ndongo Modou , Sy Abou , Ndiaye Babacar , Faye Maria , Ka El Hadji Fary
Published: October 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Rituximab in the management of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) based on the following criteria: (I) Biological remission at three months (M3) and six months (M6); (II) change in mean proteinuria (24PU), mean serum albumin, and mean serum creatinine at M3 and M6; (III) and side effects. Methods: This retrospective descriptive and analytical study included patients with histologically confirmed IMN with positive plasma anti-PLA2R antibodies who received at least one dose of Rituximab after six months of follow-up without spontaneous remission. Patients with unexplainable records were not included. Results: A total of five patients (P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5), including four males and one female were analyzed. The mean age was 44.20 ± 23.14 years. All patients had IMN type 2. At inclusion, the mean albuminemia, mean creatinine, and mean 24hPU levels were 15.56 ± 5.27 g/L, 17.3 ± 7.6 mg/L, and 6.54 ± 1.13 g/24h, respectively. The median anti-PLA2R antibody titer was 100 IU with extremes of 10 and 800 IU. Partial remission was noted in three patients at M3 (P2, P4, and P5), and it was maintained until M6 in P2. No complete remission was observed. A significant decrease in mean 24hPU at M3 was noted (P < 0.001). Generalized pruritus associated with seizures was noticed in P4 after the first dose of Rituximab. Conclusions: Partial remission was noted in three patients at M3, and one patient maintained this remission at M6. Rituximab significantly reduced 24hPU at M3 after administration. Rituximab administration was well tolerated by the patients.
Doubt and the Revolutionary
Authors: Guerrero Alexander ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

So, you want to start a revolution. There is something significant in the world around you that is wrong: unjust, oppressive, unfair, unequal. Half measures won’t suffice. Something dramatic, revolutionary, is required. You have ideas. You might have a plan. But although you are certain of the wrong around you, you are not certain of the path forward. You have some doubt about the plan, whether it will work, its moral costs, and whether there are problems you cannot yet see. You have revolutionary doubt. That is good. We need revolutions. But revolutions should not be only (or ever?) conducted by the certain. This article will help you to nourish that doubt, to see why it is almost always epistemically appropriate if also almost always difficult to maintain, to learn how to live and act with it, and to give it its due without it leading to paralysis and inaction.
Nature’s Ultimate End
Authors: Cooper Andrew ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

Against the growing trend in philosophy toward naturalistic analysis, Kant’s Critique of the Power of Judgment has gained significant attention. Some scholars suggest that Kant’s insights bear on our aesthetic appreciation of nature, others on our account of the life sciences. In this paper I draw these lines of inquiry together to identify two overlooked dimensions of Kant’s project: the role of moral hope in problematizing the limits of natural science and the role of culture in providing a solution. Kant argues that we cannot think consistently unless we are able to conceive of nature as a domain that is hospitable to human freedom. His response is to identify the productive capacity of the imagination to transform the material of nature into something more. While the prevailing conception of nature today is at best indifferent and at worst antagonistic to human habitation, this dimension of Kant’s work has much to bear on contemporary thought.
The Myth of Supervenient Microphysicalism
Authors: Morales Juan Diego ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

In this paper I focus on the analysis of the concept of the physical and its implications for the formulation of physicalism. Most of the paper is “negative,” insofar as it intends to show why the most accepted formulation of physicalism, the theory of the supervenience or complete determination of the empirical phenomena by the microphysical characteristics, has deep empirical and conceptual deficiencies: on one hand, it seems to be incompatible with the results of different sciences and, on the other, it allows us to understand neither the scientific nor the daily use of the notion of the physical. If this is the case, then we have strong reasons for constructing a non-reductive concept of physicalism that describes a world wherein some of its fundamental phenomena can be essentially macrophysical, i.e., physical phenomena which cannot be reduced to, nor understood purely in terms of the properties of their microphysical components.
Descoberta do Númeno?
Authors: Marian Raoul Andrei ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: October 2021

In this paper, my aim was to analyze the Kantian judgment of taste, by explaining its particular features and how they differentiate it from “good” and “agreeable”, and also I tried to explain its foundations. Besides this topic, I approached the question of aesthetic experience, by trying to understand how it takes place, who are its participants, and what possible relation is between them. At the end, I tried to present an interpretation of the conclusions drawn over the essay.