bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of patient and disease characteristics on the efficacy and safety of eluxadoline for IBS-D: a subgroup analysis of phase III trials
Authors: Lacy Brian E. , Harris Lucinda A. , Chang Lin , Lucak Susan , Gutman Catherine , Dove Leonard S. , Covington Paul S. , Lembo Anthony
Published: April 2019

Background:

Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) is a prevalent gastrointestinal (GI) disorder with a varied presentation, often overlapping with other GI and non-GI disorders. Eluxadoline is a locally active mixed µ- and κ-opioid receptor agonist and δ-opioid receptor antagonist approved for the treatment of IBS-D in adults. As IBS-D is a heterogeneous disease, factors such as patient demographics, symptom severity, and symptom pattern history can potentially inform treatment selection.

Methods:

Here, we report additional prospectively planned analyses of two large double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (IBS-3001 and IBS-3002) enrolling patients meeting Rome III criteria for IBS-D. Patients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive placebo or eluxadoline 75 mg or 100 mg twice daily. Efficacy (abdominal pain, stool consistency, and composite, simultaneous improvement in both) and safety were assessed for prospectively defined patient subgroups stratified by age, sex, race, presence of comorbidities, and baseline disease characteristics.

Results:

Across all age, sex, race, comorbidity, and disease characteristic subgroups, a greater proportion of patients were composite responders with both eluxadoline doses as compared with placebo, including patients with a history of depression or a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Among patients aged ⩾65 years, a greater proportion of patients receiving eluxadoline 75 mg were composite, abdominal pain, and stool consistency responders compared with those receiving 100 mg. The proportion of patients with at least one adverse event was slightly higher in patients aged ⩾65 years and also in female patients.

Conclusions:

This analysis suggests that eluxadoline is effective in treating IBS-D across a range of commonly encountered patient types. In contrast to the overall population, patients aged ⩾65 years demonstrated a greater proportion of responders at the lower approved 75 mg eluxadoline dose.
Evaluation of bacterial presence on lead X-ray aprons utilised in the operating room via IBIS and standard culture methods
Authors: Jain Sameer , Rajfer Rebecca A , Melton-Kreft Rachel , Nistico Laura , Miller Mark C , Stoodley Paul , Altman Daniel T , Altman Gregory T
Published: April 2019

Background:

Despite precautions, surgical procedures carry risk of infection. Radiation-protective lead aprons worn by operating personnel are a potential source of bacterial contamination and have not been fully evaluated.

Aim/objective:

To evaluate lead aprons as a source of bacterial contamination, identify organisms most commonly found on this source, and devise a method with which to lower the risk of contamination.

Methods:

In this basic science study, 20 randomly selected lead X-ray aprons were swabbed at three time points. The experimental treatment was with a hospital-grade disinfectant wipe. The samples were assessed for bacterial growth via traditional plating methods and mass spectrometry. Plates were graded on a scale of 0 to 4+ based on the number of quadrants with growth. Growth on one quadrant or more was considered contaminated.

Findings/results:

Bacteria were initially detected via IBIS on a majority of the aprons (32/40), most commonly Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Virulent organisms cultured were Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE), Neisseria, Streptococcus viridans and pseudomonas. MRSE were detected on 5/20 of the samples. Immediately after treatment, the majority of aprons showed less bacterial contamination (0/20 standard culture positive; 13/20 IBIS positive) with some recurrence at the 6-h time point (2/20 standard culture positive, 16/20 IBIS positive). All MRSE detected initially was eradicated.

Discussion:

Lead X-ray aprons worn in the operating room harbour bacteria. Disinfecting before use may prevent the introduction of virulent organisms to patients. Our proposed method of sanitising with a disinfectant wipe is quick and effective.
Smart grid, load management and dynamic pricing for electricity: Simulation results from a field project in Switzerland
Authors: Antonioli Mantegazzini Barbara , Giusti Alessandro
Published: April 2019

The electricity sector is in transition towards a market where the roles of the operators and institutional actors are changing. The rise in production from renewable energy sources is determining a move from a centrally, fossil-fuel generation to a local distributed one with, among the other things, implications in terms of volatility, intermittency and reserve ‘backup’ capacity. This renewed and challenging scenario represents the basis for the Swiss2Grid pilot project. Its main objective is the development of an innovative approach for the grid load management based on the adoption of an active algorithm (Household Appliance Controller (HAC)) located on individual homes – then decentralized – governed by simple network rules. The goal is to reduce the level of complexity of the system, flattering at the same time the peak load curve. This load optimization is intended also having positive effects in terms of consumers’ bills expenditure. The amount of potential costs reduction of selected consumers, associated with a load shifting by HAC, has been estimated for several price scenario hypothesis, sketched in order to find the price scheme that better fits to the new consumption’s profile. In detail, we tested time constant rates as well as time variable ones, from flat rates to real prices. This project has indeed given us the opportunity to investigate about the use – and the actual advantages – of real-time prices for electricity combined with enabling technologies and on the new roles of utilities and Distribution System Operators (DSOs).
Investigating the Immediate and Cumulative Effects of Isometric Squat Exercise for Different Weight Loads on Intraocular Pressure: A Pilot Study
Authors: Vera Jesús , Jiménez Raimundo , Redondo Beatríz , Torrejón Alejandro , Koulieris George-Alex , De Moraes Carlos Gustavo , García-Ramos Amador
Published: April 2019

Background:

The execution of resistance exercise against heavy loads promotes an acute intraocular pressure (IOP) rise, which has detrimental effects on ocular health. However, the effect of load on the IOP behavior during exercise remains unknown due to technical limitations.

Hypotheses:

IOP monitoring during isometric squat exercise permits assessment of IOP behavior during physical effort. Second, greater loads will induce a higher IOP rise.

Study Design:

Randomized cross-sectional study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 2.

Methods:

Twenty-six young adults (13 women, 13 men) performed an isometric squat exercise against 3 loads relative to their maximum capacity (low, medium, and high). IOP was measured before, during (1 measurement every 6 seconds), and after exercise (10 seconds of recovery).

Results:

There was a progressive IOP rise during exercise, which was dependent on the load applied (Bayes factor10 >100). Higher IOP values were found in the high load condition in comparison with the medium (mean IOP difference = 1.5 mm Hg) and low (mean IOP difference = 3.1 mm Hg) conditions, as well as when the medium load was compared with the low load condition (mean IOP difference = 1.6 mm Hg). Men reached higher IOP values in comparison with women during the last measurements in the high load condition. Ten seconds of recovery were enough to obtain IOP values similar to baseline levels.

Conclusion:

Isometric squat exercise induces an immediate and cumulative IOP elevation, which is positively associated with the load applied. These IOP increments return to baseline values after 10 seconds of recovery, and men demonstrate a more accentuated IOP rise in comparison with women when high levels of effort are accumulated.

Clinical Relevance:

These findings may help in better management of different ocular conditions and highlight the importance of an individualized exercise prescription in clinical populations.
Diagnosis and Management of the Unligated Vertical Vein in Repaired Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection
Authors: Akam-Venkata Jyothsna , Turner Daniel R. , Joshi Aparna , Aggarwal Sanjeev , Gupta Pooja
Published: April 2019

During initial repair of supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC), the vertical vein (VV) is sometimes left patent (not ligated or divided) in the hope that this strategy may reduce the likelihood or severity of postoperative pulmonary hypertensive crises. We report a case of a 35-year-old pregnant patient with previously repaired supracardiac TAPVC who presented with atrial arrhythmia and right heart dilation. A cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study confirmed the diagnosis of patency of the vertical vein and right heart dilation. The VV was occluded with a catheter-delivered vascular occlusion device through a percutaneous approach, resulting in resolution of right heart dilation and arrhythmia. This case highlights the role of cross-sectional imaging as an adjunct to echocardiography in adults with repaired congenital heart disease.
Healthy Financial Behaviors and Financial Satisfaction in Emerging Adulthood: A Parental Socialization Perspective
Authors: Damian Lavinia E. , Negru-Subtirica Oana , Domocus Iulia M. , Friedlmeier Mihaela
Published: April 2019

To understand the relation between financial behaviors and satisfaction in emerging adults (EAs) and parental financial socialization, we conducted a cross-sectional study focusing on families from a collectivistic, former communist country, Romania, a cultural context marked by extreme financial dependence of youth on their parents. Participants were 143 parent–EAs child dyads from Romania (83% mothers, M age = 47.5 years and 80% girls, M age = 20.7 years). Results showed significant relations between parents’ and EAs’ view on parental financial socialization. EAs’ healthy financial behaviors were predicted by previous healthy financial behaviors in parents and previous parental financial monitoring of spending habits, only as reported by EAs. Moreover, EAs’ financial satisfaction was predicted by high socioeconomic status, previous healthy financial behaviors in parents, and current healthy financial relationship with parents, only as reported by EAs. We discuss the implications for supporting healthy financial behaviors and satisfaction in EAs.
Reducing Allogenic Blood Transfusion in Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery:: Reporting 15 Years of a Multidisciplinary, Evidence-Based Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Dick Alastair G. , Pinder Richard J. , Lyle Shirley A. , Ember Tom , Mallinson Claire , Lucas Jonathan
Published: April 2019

Study Design:

Retrospective review of prospectively collected spinal surgery and transfusion databases.

Objectives:

To evaluate the efficacy of a care pathway developed at our institution since 2003 with a focus on reducing the need for blood transfusions in children undergoing scoliosis correction surgery. The care pathway includes nurse-led clinics facilitating preoperative hemoglobin optimization, intraoperative cell salvage, the use of tranexamic acid, and a transfusion criteria awareness program.

Methods:

Retrospective review of our institution’s prospectively recorded spinal surgery and transfusion databases including all cases of scoliosis surgery in patients 18 years and younger between 2001 and 2015.

Results:

A total of 1039 procedures were included in the analysis. Overall, 24.4% of patients received a transfusion. The proportion of patients transfused was 89.2% in 2001-2003, 39.6% in 2004-2006, 16.5% in 2007-2009, 15.6% in 2010-2012, and 20.1% in 2013-2015. The volume of blood products transfused in those undergoing transfusion was 9.1 units in 2001-2003, 4.8 units in 2004-2006, 5.0 units in 2007-2009, 2.3 units in 2010-2012, and 2.1 units in 2013-2015. A multivariate logistic regression demonstrated adjusted odds ratios for the probability of receiving any transfusion of 5.45 (95% confidence interval 3.62-8.11) for patients with neuromuscular diagnoses and 11.17 (5.02-24.86) for those undergoing combined anterior and posterior surgical approach.

Conclusions:

We have demonstrated over a 15-year period that the introduction of a multifaceted, multidisciplinary pathway can dramatically and sustainably reduce the need for blood transfusions and their attendant risks in pediatric scoliosis surgery. This data lends weight to the adoption of such a care pathway in pediatric scoliosis surgery.
Organizational antecedents of firms’ adoption of strategic human resource practices: Toward a reconciliation of CEO perceptions and family influence
Authors: Tsao Chiung-Wen , Wang Yi-Hsien , Chen Shyh-Jer , Wang Miao-Ju
Published: April 2019

There is lively debate in the literature about the effects of family influence on employment practices. Particularly, little empirical research explores the role of family influence in driving a firm’s adoption of specific strategic human resource practices such as high-performance work systems. Drawing from the tenets of the resource-based and stewardship theories, this study examines the relationship between chief executive officers’ perceived human resource capability and firm adoption of high-performance work systems in family business, and the joint moderating effect of family management and ownership on the above linkage. Our analysis uses chief executive officer–human resource manager matched samples of 145 Taiwanese publicly listed firms, the results show that chief executive officers perceived human resource capability is significantly and positively associated with the adoption of high-performance work systems. Moreover, this relationship is found to be the strongest when the family assumes leadership in management (i.e. the firm has a family chief executive officer) and family ownership is high.
One hundred years Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry—A treasure trove of German-speaking neurology
Authors: Kesselring Jürg
Published: April 2019

The Swiss Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry was founded in 1917 by Constantin von Monakow (1853–1930), the first professor of neurology at the University of Zurich and founder of the Swiss Neurological Society. The carefully bound booklets of these Archives are to be found completely in the scientific library of the Psychiatric University Hospital Burghölzli in Zürich. It is hoped that this treasure trove of knowledge will be preserved for all those interested in the history of neurology and psychiatry in its integrity. Today’s work in and on this archives allows time and again to bring out older works and to present them in the light of more modern concepts. Of medical–historical interest is also the category of obituaries, occurring in almost all issues, virtually a “Who’s Who” of neurologists and psychiatrists who have laid the foundations for our subjects.
Combination of 15 lipid metabolites and motilin to diagnose spleen-deficiency FD
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Wang Xue , Shi Xiaoshuang , Xie Jingyi , Zhang Min , Ma Jinxin , Wang Fengyun , Tang Xudong
Published: April 2019

Background

This study aims to assess clinical characteristics in FD with spleen deficiency syndrome and metabolic perturbations involved in FD progress. We combined metabolic biomarkers and clinical features into a better prediction for FD with Spleen Deficiency syndrome.

Methods

A total of 276 people were recruited, including 215 FD patients and 61 healthy control group (HC). The clinical characteristics and gastric emptying rate were compared between spleen deficiency-FD group and non-spleen deficiency-FD. The serum lipids metabonomics analysis was performed to determine the metabolic differences in spleen deficiency-FD group and HC.

Results

The symptoms of postprandial discomfort in Spleen Deficiency group were more severe (P < 0.05), and delayed gastric emptying was more pronounced (P < 0.05) vs. non-Spleen deficiency. Decreased motilin (OR = 0.990, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.982–0.997) was independent risk factor related to Spleen Deficiency group. We identified 15 metabolites for spleen deficiency group vs. HC, majority of those biomarkers belonged to the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway. The combination of 15 metabolics could diagnose spleen deficiency-FD, with the AUC of 0.9943, 95% CI 0.9854–1.0000), and the combination of 15 metabolics and motilin could diagnose spleen deficiency-FD, with the AUC of 0.9615, 95% CI 0.9264–9967).

Conclusions

This study provides supportive evidence that Spleen deficiency syndrome was associated with delayed gastric emptying and the glycerophospholipid metabolic pathway was perturbed in FD patients. The combination of metabolic biomarkers and clinical features provided us with new ideas for multidimensional diagnosis of FD.

Trial registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn, no: ChiCTR-TRC-13003200. clinicaltrials.gov, no: NCT02762136
Duration of Oxaliplatin-Containing Adjuvant Therapy for Stage III Colon Cancer: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Lieu Christopher , Kennedy Erin B. , Bergsland Emily , Berlin Jordan , George Thomas J. , Gill Sharlene , Gold Philip J. , Hantel Alex , Jones Lee , Mahmoud Najjia , Meyerhardt Jeffrey , Morris Arden M. , Ruíz-García Erika , You Y. Nancy , Baxter Nancy
Published: April 2019

PURPOSE

To develop recommendations for duration of adjuvant chemotherapy with a fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin for patients with completely resected stage III colon cancer based on the results of trials of 3 months compared with 6 months of treatment.

METHODS

ASCO convened an Expert Panel and conducted a systematic review of relevant studies. The guideline recommendations were based on the review of evidence by the Expert Panel.

RESULTS

Pooled data from the six International Duration Evaluation of Adjuvant Chemotherapy (IDEA) Collaboration randomized controlled trials comprise the evidence base for these guideline recommendations.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The recommendations for therapy duration apply to patients with completely resected stage III colon cancer who are being offered adjuvant chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and a fluoropyrimidine. Recommendations are informed by the findings of a recent pooled analysis of clinical trials that compared 6 months versus 3 months of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. For patients at a high risk of recurrence (T4 and/or N2), adjuvant chemotherapy should be offered for a duration of 6 months. For patients at a low risk of recurrence (T1, T2, or T3 and N1), either 6 months of adjuvant chemotherapy or a shorter duration of 3 months may be offered on the basis of a potential reduction in adverse events and no significant difference in disease-free survival with the 3-month regimen. In determining duration of therapy, the Expert Panel recommends a shared decision-making approach, taking into account patient characteristics, values and preferences, and other factors and including a discussion of the potential for benefit and risks of harm associated with treatment duration. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/gastrointestinal-cancer-guidelines .
Factors associated with pseudoaneurysm development and necessity for reintervention: a single centre study
Authors: Delf Jonathan , Ramachandran Sanjeev , Mustafa Syed , Saeed Abdullah , Kandiyil Neghal
Published: April 2019

Objective:

Evaluate the factors associated with pseudoaneurysm development and morphology. Measure ultrasound-guided thrombin injection (UGTI) and surgical treatment outcomes for pseudoaneurysms, and the necessity for post-primary intervention (reintervention)

Methods:

Retrospective analysis of ultrasound scans and CT angiography of peripheral pseudoaneurysm interventions from February 2011 to April 2017. 99 patients (61.6% female) were identified; median age 72 years (range 12–89). Multivariate analysis of patient demographics, including pre-intervention anticoagulant and antiplatelet medication was performed.

Results:

Primary intervention for peripheral pseudoaneurysms (62.6% common femoral artery) included 93 UGTI and 6 surgical repairs; with 12 reinterventions (9 UGTI and 3 surgical). Pseudoaneurysm incidence for vascular interventional radiology (VIR) was 0.48% (31/6451) and cardiology was 0.24% (60/25,229). Rates for primary success, immediate complications, 30-day mortality and reintervention were measured respectively for UGTI (98.9%, 3.0%, 2.0%, and 11.8%) and surgical repair (100%, 0.0%, 22.2% and 16.7%). Reintervention risk factors included pre-intervention thrombocytopaenia (<150 × 109/L) ( p = 0.025) and pseudoaneurysms following vascular surgery (p = 0.033). Other positive associations for reintervention (non-significant) included use of a sheath size > 6 Fr ( p = 0.108) or arterial closure device ( p = 0.111) during the pseudoaneurysm causative procedure. The pre-intervention warfarin subgroup developed a larger mean pseudoaneurysm sac size (4.21 cm, range 0.9–7.6), compared to no treatment (p = 0.003), aspirin (p = 0.005) and clopidogrel (p = 0.026) subgroups. UGTI dosage for thrombosis had a positive correlation with incremental sac size increase (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

The main reintervention risk factor was pre-intervention thrombocytopaenia, with additional positive associations including pseudoaneurysms caused by surgery, increased sheath size and arterial closure devices. Warfarinized patients developed larger sac-sized pseudoaneurysms compared with other pre-intervention regimens, with positive correlation of higher UGTI dosage required for thrombosis.

Advances in knowledge:

Patients with pre-intervention thrombocytopaenia and pseudoaneurysms attributed to vascular surgery are subgroups that may benefit from post-intervention imaging surveillance due to significant reintervention risk.
Clinical 18F-FDG and amyloid brain positron emission tomography/CT in the investigation of cognitive impairment: where are we now?
Authors: Dumba Maureen , Khan Sairah , Patel Neva , Perry Laura , Malhotra Paresh , Perry Richard , Nijran Kuldip , Barwick Tara , Wallitt Kathryn , Win Zarni
Published: April 2019

The number of people living with dementia is increasing, but as yet there remains no cure or disease-modifying treatment. This review aims to help readers understand the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the investigation of cognitive impairment and how the advent of amyloid PET/CT imaging may hold the key to radically changing management of the most common form of dementia - Alzheimer’s disease.

The indications for 18F-FDG PET/CT and amyloid PET/CT imaging in cognitive impairment are outlined. Additionally, the mechanisms of action, technique, patient preparation and acquisition parameters for both are detailed. We conclude by providing a framework for interpreting 18F-FDG PET/CT and amyloid PET/CT imaging in the more common conditions that lead to cognitive impairment conditions with tips on avoiding pitfalls in interpretation.
Introducing high school students to the Gene Ontology classification system
Authors: Dedhia Mehek , Kohetuk Kenneth , Crusio Wim E. , Delprato Anna
Published: April 2019

We present a tutorial that introduces high school students to the Gene Ontology classification system which is widely used in genomics and systems biology studies to characterize large sets of genes based on functional and structural information. This classification system is a valuable and standardized method used to identify genes that act in similar processes and pathways and also provides insight into the overall architecture and distribution of genes and gene families associated with a particular tissue or disease. By means of this tutorial, students learn how the classification system works through analyzing a gene set using DAVID the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery that incorporates the Gene Ontology system into its suite of analysis tools. This method of profiling genes is used by our high school student interns to categorize gene expression data related to behavioral neuroscience. Students will get a feel for working with genes and gene sets, acquire vocabulary, obtain an understanding of how a database is structured and gain an awareness of the vast amount of information that is known about genes as well as the online analysis tools to manage this information that is nowadays available. Based on survey responses, students intellectually benefit from learning about the Gene Ontology System and using the DAVID tools, they are better prepared for future database use and they also find it enjoyable.
Residential exposure to radon and DNA methylation across the lifecourse: an exploratory study in the ALSPAC birth cohort
Authors: de Vocht Frank , Suderman Matthew , Ruano-Ravina Alberto , Thomas Richard , Wakeford Richard , Relton Caroline , Tilling Kate , Boyd Andy
Published: April 2019

Background: Radon (and its decay products) is a known human carcinogen and the leading cause of lung cancer in never-smokers and the second in ever-smokers. The carcinogenic mechanism from radiation is a combination of genetic and epigenetic processes, but compared to the genetic mechanisms, epigenetic processes remain understudied in humans. This study aimed to explore associations between residential radon exposure and DNA methylation in the general population.

Methods: Potential residential radon exposure for 75-metre area buffers was linked to genome-wide DNA methylation measured in peripheral blood from children and mothers of the Accessible Resource for Integrated Epigenomic Studies subsample of the ALSPAC birth cohort. Associations with DNA methylation were tested at over 450,000 CpG sites at ages 0, 7 and 17 years (children) and antenatally and during middle-age (mothers). Analyses were adjusted for potential residential and lifestyle confounding factors and were determined for participants with complete data (n = 786 to 980).

Results: Average potential exposure to radon was associated in an exposure-dependent manner with methylation at cg25422346 in mothers during pregnancy, with no associations at middle age. For children, radon potential exposure was associated in an exposure-dependent manner with methylation of cg16451995 at birth, cg01864468 at age 7, and cg04912984, cg16105117, cg23988964, cg04945076, cg08601898, cg16260355 and cg26056703 in adolescence.

Conclusions: Residential radon exposure was associated with DNA methylation in an exposure-dependent manner. Although chance and residual confounding cannot be excluded, the identified associations may show biological mechanisms involved in early biological effects from radon exposure.
Modifiable Factors Associated with Quality of Bowel Preparation Among Hospitalized Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy
Authors: Garber Ari , Sarvepalli Shashank , Burke Carol A , Bhatt Amit , Ibrahim Mounir , McMichael John , Morris‐Stiff Gareth , Rizk Maged K , Vargo John J , Rothberg Michael B
Published: April 2019

INTRODUCTION

Inadequate bowel preparation (IBP) is a common problem in hospitalized patients; however, little is known about how to prevent IBP. In a large, multihospital system, we evaluated the association between modifiable factors and IBP rate.

METHODS

We reviewed data from adult (≥18 years) inpatients undergoing colonoscopy between January 2011 and June 2017. Colonoscopies performed in the intensive care unit or lacking descriptions of bowel preparation quality were excluded. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with IBP. A counterfactual analysis was performed to assess the potential contribution of modifiable factors to IBP.

RESULTS

Of 8,819 patients that were included (median age of 64 years; 50.5% female), 51% had IBP. Patients with IBP stayed in the hospital one day longer than those with adequate bowel preparation (P < .001). Modifiable factors associated with IBP include opiate use within three days of colonoscopy (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.18, 1.45), colonoscopy performed after 12:00 pm (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.1, 1.41), and solid diet the day before colonoscopy (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.18, 1.59). In the counterfactual analysis, if all patients avoided these three conditions, adjusted IBP rates were reduced by 5.6%.

CONCLUSIONS

Among hospitalized patients undergoing colonoscopy, IBP rates are high and associated with an increased length of stay. Avoiding opiates before colonoscopy, performing colonoscopy before noon, and maintaining patients on a liquid diet or nil per os might significantly reduce IBP rates.
REFORMAR A REFORMA: PERCURSO DO ENSINO SUPERIOR EM ANGOLA
Authors: Liberato Ermelinda
Published: April 2019

O modelo do subsistema de ensino superior em Angola tem assistido, nos últimos anos, a um crescente aumento de críticas em relação ao seu desempenho, eficiência, eficácia e sua degradação. A análise e tratamento dos documentos mostram que essa degradação tem raízes mais profundas, que datam desde o período da sua criação e implantação, e que se têm vindo a disfarçar com a implementação de várias políticas de reforma. Pretendemos assim, fazer uma breve análise desse percurso, de modo a percebermos melhor o porquê da situação atual.
OS MUSSEQUES DE JOSÉ LUANDINO VIEIRA E A HISTÓRIA DE OCUPAÇÃO DOS ESPAÇOS URBANOS DE LUANDA (1950-1970)
Authors: Da Silva Santos Alexandre , Barbosa Keith
Published: April 2019

: O presente artigo visa a realizar uma reflexão, a partir da escrita de José Luandino Vieira, sobre os musseques de Luanda enquanto repositórios de histórias e memórias, cenários de mobilidades e deslocamentos humanos na capital angolana. Examinando algumas obras do escritor, um importante representante da literatura angolana, evidenciam-se narrativas das vivências esquecidas de uma parcela da população angolana, tendo como pano de fundo o processo de libertação do país. Através de uma perspectiva descolonial, este estudo ampara-se em um diálogo interdisciplinar entre a história e a literatura, e, ao revisitar alguns escritos clássicos da literatura angolana, busca compreender a multifacetada realidade dos moradores dos musseques de Luanda.
UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE TEXTOS COLONIAIS SOBRE A PROVÍNCIA DO NAMIBE (EX- MOÇÂMEDES) DE 1800 a 1920
Authors: Ribeiro Simões Anibal
Published: April 2019

O objectivo deste estudo é efectuar um mapeamento sistemático dos textos coloniais sobre Moçâmedes (actual Namibe) escritos entre anos 1800 e 1920. Para definir a nossa amostra, realizámos uma pesquisa formal nas bases de dados PORBASE (Banco Nacional de Dados de Portugal) e no  PORTAL DAS MEMÓRIAS DA ÁFRICA E ORIENTE. Como metodologia, utilizou-se a revisão sistemática da literatura. Trata-se, como tal, de um estudo de carácter qualitativo-exploratório. Os dados foram inseridos no SPSS e usado o procedimento de validação. Utilizou-se o índice de concordância kappa para os aspectos: hegemonia, práticas, status quo e decisão pela inclusão/ exclusão. Com base no índices de concordância inconclusivos e fracos, enfatiza-se a necessidade da releitura inicial dos trabalhos por outros avaliadores (dois), não se baseando apenas nos títulos, mas também nos resumos ou nos textos completos.
VALORIZAR A TRADIÇÃO COMO UMA DAS VIAS PARA A MORALIZAÇÃO DA SOCIEDADE ANGOLANA: O CASO DA OMBALA EKOVONGO
Authors: Guebe António
Published: April 2019

Com a colonização portuguesa e com o longo, mortífero e destruidor conflito armado interno pós-Independência, a sociedade angolana perdeu muitos de seus valores tradicionais que, antigamente, contribuíram e poderiam contribuir para a moralização da sociedade em referência. Na atualidade, as políticas sociais do Governo angolano incidem, fundamentalmente, sobre a recuperação de tais tradições e dos valores morais, envolvendo famílias, igrejas, autoridades tradicionais, enfim, toda a sociedade. O estudo sob o título: “Valorizar a tradição como uma das vias para a moralização da sociedade angolana: o caso da Ombala Ekovongo”, mostra que a Ombala Ekovongo é detentora de normas seculares que, no passado, jogaram e podem continuar a jogar papel importante nesta ingente tarefa.
VISÃO HOLÍSTICA DOS MUSEUS E ARQUIVOS EM ANGOLA: uma abordagem histórica.
Authors: Garcia Simão Santos
Published: April 2019

O presente estudo é fruto da investigação levada a cabo, no âmbito do trabalho de mestrado em 2015 e da continuidade do projecto doutoral. A abordagem foi feita de forma holística, ou seja, estudar o fenómeno na generalidade. Desenvolver um estudo nos domínios da museologia e arquivística em Angola torna-se “quase impossível”, devido à fraca bibliografia existente no país sobre o assunto. O estudo tem como tema: “Visão holística dos museus e arquivos de Angola: uma abordagem histórica”. A tentativa da criação de um Museu em Angola, em paralelo aos arquivos, surge na década de 1936 com a criação do Museu do Dundo e do Museu de Angola, a 8 de Setembro de 1938. Foi neste último que estavam armazenados todo fundo documental, que constituía o Arquivo Histórico Colonial.
Omissão da marca de plural /s/: uma realidade no Português falado em Angola
Authors: Soma Adriano Paulino
Published: April 2019

No contexto de Angola, a língua portuguesa apresenta especificidades próprias, muitas delas consideradas desviantes em relação à norma-padrão europeia. O presente trabalho centra-se na omissão da marca de plural nos diferentes sintagmas lexicais e nos determinantes, tendo como referência o português falado em Angola. A descrição baseia-se num corpus oral recolhido, essencialmente, em 2012.
AS PLANTAS - USOS E COSTUMES DOS POVOS DA PROVÍNCIA DA HUÍLA, UM ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO COM SECURIDACA LONGIPEDUNCULATA E UAPACA KIRKIANA.
Authors: Tchamba José João
Published: April 2019

Este estudo constitui um ensaio na compreensão e aprofundamento dos conhecimentos sobre os costumes dos povos da província da Huíla em relação a utilização dos recursos fitológicos, tanto na alimentação como na medicina. Os dados foram obtidos em trabalhos de campo e por meio da revisão bibliográfica. Duas espécies vegetais foram analisadas, Securidaca longipedunculata Fresen, as raízes da planta são utilizadas a nivel local como analgésico; porém estudos realizados em outros países indicam que todos os órgãos desta espécie são medicinais, outra planta, discutida foi a Uapaca kirkiana Mull.Arg, os frutos desta são comestíveis e comercializados a nível local, também tem uso medicinal.
BONGA´S TRANSATLANTIC ROUTES
Authors: Moorman Marissa
Published: April 2019

Este trabalho constitui um estudo do álbum Angola 74 de Bonga para analisar as relações sobre Bomga e sua música. Bonga observou o cotidiano em Kipiri, onde nasceu, e a experiência do dia a dia nos musseques de Luanda e o impacto da música na região. Suas “raízes” e sua fonte (Pereira, 2018; Eduardo, 2012). Mas a música “Ghinawa” de Angola 74, em sons e história, sugere rotas e não raízes. Ao escutar atentamente, traço uma trajetória urbana transatlântica para o trabalho de Bonga.
MIWENE-KONGO: A INSTITUIÇÃO TEOCRÁTICO-ABSOLUTISTA DO REINO DO KONGO, NO SEU PRIMEIRO SÉCULO DE VIDA
Authors: Lussimo Rufino Laurindo
Published: April 2019

neste artigo nos propusemos abordar a problemática relativa a instituição do Miwene-Kongo (Rei do Kongo). Com o mesmo pretendemos contribuir para uma melhor explicitação do conhecimento relacionado à génese da figura do Miwene-Kongo bem como as competências desempenhadas pelo titular daquela instituição no período entre os séculos XIII e XIV. Assim, abordamos sinteticamente a criação do reino do Kongo, bem como os momentos históricos que contribuíram para o surgimento da figura do Miwene-Kongo, fazemos alusão a Instituição Miwene-Kongo, onde destacando as competências políticas e religiosas do mesmo numa perspectiva contextualizada com os poderes executivo, legislativo, militar e religioso incorporados na figura que representava aquela histórica instituição.
TIPOLOGIA DOS CRIMES AMBIENTAIS REFERENTES À FAUNA SILVESTRE NO ESTADO DA BAHIA: UMA ANÁLISE DOS AUTOS DE INFRAÇÃO DO INEMA E DO IBAMA ENTRE 2001 E 2015
Authors: Rabelo Fernanda Rodrigues , Oliveira Anderson Gomes de , Machado Ricardo Augusto Souza
Published: April 2019

O presente trabalho analisou a tipologia dos crimes ambientais cometidos contra a fauna silvestre no estado da Bahia entre os anos de 2001 a 2015, partindo dos autos de infração emitidos pelo Instituto do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos do estado da Bahia (INEMA) e pelo Instituto Brasileiro e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA). Os dados foram quantificados, qualificados e agrupados por municípios e territórios de identidade, o que possibilitou identificar as regiões no Estado da Bahia com maior incidência de crimes e os municípios com as maiores arrecadações por conta das multas aplicadas.
PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL E QUALIDADE DE VIDA NO BAIRRO SANTA MADALENA NA CIDADE DE SANTO ANTÔNIO DE JESUS-BA
Authors: Santos Neuza Xavier dos , Estevam André Luiz Dantas
Published: April 2019

A distribuição populacional de forma desigual no espaço urbano tem como uma de suas consequências a precarização dos serviços ofertados nas áreas periféricas. Neste sentido, esse trabalho busca compreender a percepção dos moradores do Bairro Santa Madalena na cidade de Santo Antônio de Jesus sobre sua própria qualidade de vida, considerando o serviço de esgotamento sanitário. Buscando alcançar o objetivo proposto, realizou-se a caracterização do bairro, análise do perfil socioeconômico dos moradores, além da análise da oferta de esgotamento sanitário e a relação com a qualidade de vida dos moradores. Conclui-se, portanto, que os moradores do bairro estudado, percebem qualidade de vida como bem estar pessoal e do meio em que vivem, além do atendimento a seus direitos. Ressalta-se a importância da rede de esgotamento sanitário na qualidade de vida, considerando que o mesmo contribui na prevenção de doenças, mantendo, portanto a saúde humana e do próprio meio ambiente.
Cardiac and Inflammatory Biomarkers Are Associated with Worsening Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Observations from SAVOR-TIMI 53
Authors: Zelniker Thomas A , Morrow David A , Mosenzon Ofri , Gurmu Yared , Im Kyungah , Cahn Avivit , Raz Itamar , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Leiter Lawrence A , Braunwald Eugene , Bhatt Deepak L , Scirica Benjamin M
Published: April 2019

BACKGROUND

Cardiac and renal diseases commonly occur with bidirectional interactions. We hypothesized that cardiac and inflammatory biomarkers may assist in identification of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at high risk of worsening renal function.

METHODS

In this exploratory analysis from SAVOR-TIMI 53, concentrations of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT), N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured in baseline serum samples of 12310 patients. The primary end point for this analysis was a ≥40% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at end of treatment (EOT) at a median of 2.1 years. The relationships between biomarkers and the end point were modeled using adjusted logistic and Cox regression.

RESULTS

After multivariable adjustment including baseline renal function, each biomarker was independently associated with an increased risk of ≥40% decrease in eGFR at EOT [Quartile (Q) Q4 vs Q1: hs-TnT adjusted odds ratio (OR), 5.63 (3.49–9.10); NT-proBNP adjusted OR, 3.53 (2.29–5.45); hs-CRP adjusted OR, 1.84 (95% CI, 1.27–2.68); all P values ≤0.001]. Furthermore, each biomarker was independently associated with higher risk of worsening of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) category (all P values ≤0.002). Sensitivity analyses in patients without heart failure and eGFR >60 mL/min provided similar results. In an adjusted multimarker model, hs-TnT and NT-proBNP remained significantly associated with both renal outcomes (all P values <0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

hs-TnT, NT-proBNP, and hs-CRP were each associated with worsening of renal function [reduction in eGFR (≥40%) and deterioration in UACR class] in high-risk patients with T2DM. Patients with high cardiac or inflammatory biomarkers should be treated not only for their risk of cardiovascular outcomes but also followed for renal deterioration.
Semantic content and compositional context-censitivity
Authors: Romero Esther , Soria Belén
Published: April 2019

A variety of theorists have recently argued against the explanation of the semantic content of a sentence as a minimal proposition claiming that intentional aspects of the context are often needed to obtain a minimal proposition. Minimalists such as Borg, however, still defend intention-insensitive minimal propositions for sentences in a narrow context and provide solutions or dissolutions against incompleteness objections. In this paper, we show that these putative defences of propositionalism do not serve to avoid some additional genuine objections which arise from compositional context-sensitivity. We aim to show that there are complex expressions which compositionally demand intention-sensitive pragmatic effects in a mandatory way and, for that reason, they provide us with evidence against the type of propositionalism that substantiates the defence of semantic minimalism.
A GENEALOGIA DA ESTUPIDEZ
Authors: Hardt Lúcia Schneider
Published: April 2019

O artigo tem como objetivo aproximar dois autores por meio de dois conceitos: genealogia e estupidez, com o propósito de pensar nosso tempo e interpretá-lo. Em termos metodológicos, destacamos uma aproximação entre o conceito de genealogia compreendido como um movimento de interpretação da realidade com o conceito de estupidez, para verificar em que medida não estamos conseguindo interpretar nosso tempo em função de obstinadamente querer encontrar uma verdade sem antes indagar-se sobre determinadas ideias e conceitos já absorvidos e que ocupam um valor que impedem a própria interpretação. Deste modo, o artigo pretende sustentar que Nietzsche ocupa uma posição filosófico-educacional quando nos convida a prosseguir pensando, apesar de nossos valores e, ao mesmo tempo, o artigo pretende sustentar que nos darmos conta disso pode significar enfrentar nossa estupidez. Estupidez e política parecem ter certa afinidade. Em algum momento sempre somos estúpidos, o risco começa quando já não mais nos identificamos com ela e nos definimos sábios para orientar o outro. Estupidez não é antônimo de inteligência. Para Musil (2016), existem dois tipos de estupidez: uma é honesta, admite que algo falta. A outra estupidez é inteligente – errática, pretensiosa. Segundo Musil (2016), esta estupidez parece mais uma doença da cultura. Nietzsche nos alerta sobre a estupidez em vários momentos de sua obra e apresenta estratégias para enfrentá-la. O diálogo aparece em Nietzsche (ZITTEL, 2016) como forma de exposição de disposições suaves, de atenuações e de um amistoso ceticismo, de enigmas e ocultamentos, constituindo-se em uma ferramenta contra a estupidez. Com o desejo de fazer Musil e Nietzsche dialogarem, arrisco dizer que a estupidez como chave de leitura não quer nos fazer calar, não quer nos ver imobilizados. Contudo, precisamos rastrear nossa estupidez, que pode ser ocasional, funcional e até constitucional. De acordo com Musil (2016), vivemos condições de vida tão pouco claras que a estupidez ocasional muito rapidamente converte-se em estupidez constitucional coletiva. A estupidez sempre está servida de pensamentos e afetos que podem num único corpo demonstrar estreiteza, amplitude, agilidade, simplicidade, fidelidade. A luta contra essa estupidez exige paciência. É preciso cuidar para que os afetos não esmaguem a razão, em vez de inspirá-la. Assim, a estupidez não é a falta de inteligência; na realidade, toda inteligência tem sua estupidez e rastreá-la parece ser o grande desafio formativo do momento atual. Resistir à estupidez é um desafio educativo e nos coloca diante de outro cenário: não seguir obstinadamente em busca de uma verdade, mas verificar por que certas ideias e conceitos adquirem valor em nossos argumentos.
RUMAH TANGGA DAN HAM: Studi atas Trend Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Maisah Maisah
Published: April 2019

All households desire a happy life in this world and the next. This is built through commitments, agreed
between the partners to achieve physical and spiritual happiness based on traditions and Islamic teachings. Many challenges present themselves during the process and many become sources of conflict: economic disparity, differences of opinion, cheating on one’s partner, all cause domestic violence; this leads to the destruction of the commitments founded in happiness. These are all prevalent in the cases of domestic violence subject to this research: in the Merangin, Batanghari and Kota Jambi Regencies. This, in the face of Islam’s strict rules against violence, especially to women. Women have the same rights and obligations with men and should receive strong legal protect from the law, whether the central or local governments.
KONSTRUKSI RUANG GENDER PADA RUMAH ORANG RIMBA
Authors: Qulub Siti Tatmainul
Published: April 2019

Pola penataan ruang dalam rumah orang rimba sangat terkait erat dengan konsep gender. Bentuk rumah, bagian-bagian rumah, serta posisi rumah menggambarkan konsep gender yang berlaku dalam adat orang rimba. Perilaku sosial yang terlihat dari aturan tempat tidur, aturan bertamu dan menerima tamu, serta aturan menginap juga menggambarkan kecenderungan-kecenderungan terhadap konsep gender dalam kehidupan orang rimba. Sistem kekerabatan orang rimba yang matrilineal sangat mempengaruhi kehidupan sehari-hari mereka. Perempuan memiliki kedudukan khusus dalam keluarga rimba dan kekuasaan dalam merancang rumah keluarga rimba. Mereka menentukan tata letak, ukuran, ikut mencari bahan dan ikut dalam proses pendirian rumah. Perempuan mempunyai peran sosial yang lebih besar dibanding laki-laki, maka bentuk rumahnya juga memiliki banyak ruang untuk menampung aktivitas ibu dan anak perempuannya. Ruang dan struktur organisasi ruang di sebuah rumah lebih mengakomodir kepentingan kaum perempuan.
ADVOKASI HAK-HAK ISTRI DALAM RUMAH TANGGA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Jamaa La
Published: April 2019

Marriage gives material and immaterial rights to the wife in the household. But in social reality, many wives do not enjoy the rights of material and non-material, because the husband does not carry out his obligations responsibly. Therefore, forms of Islamic legal protection of the rights of the wife must be studied. The analysis focuses on advocacy for the rights of wives for dowry, living fulfillment, and a sense of security, in the perspective of Islamic law, to better protect the wife.