bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of kinesio taping on low back pain during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xue Xiali , Chen Yan , Mao Xiaorong , Tu Huan , Yang Xinwei , Deng Zhongyi , Li Ning
Published: October 2021

Background

Low back pain during pregnancy affects the normal daily activities of pregnant women to a certain extent. Current studies have shown that Kinesio Taping (KT) may be a treatment for low back pain during pregnancy, but there is still a lack of key evidence. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of KT in the treatment of low back pain during pregnancy.

Methods

PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, Wanfang Data, CNKI, and VIP databases were searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the efficacy of KT intervention on low back pain in women during pregnancy. The retrieval time limit is from the establishment of the database to April 2021. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.3 software.

Results

A total of 7 RCTs were included, including 444 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that: Compared with the control group, KT intervention could significantly improve low back pain and dysfunction, VAS score (− 1.62, 95%CI − 2.08 to − 1.16, P < 0.00001, I2 = 77%), RMDQ score (− 1.00, 95%CI − 1.54 to − 0.46, P = 0.0003, I2 = 80%); The results of the meta-analysis of the subgroup showed that compared with the control group, the KT intervention was less than or equal to 1 week, and the waist pain and dysfunction were improved, with statistically significant differences. The difference in the improvement of low back pain was statistically significant after KT intervention for more than 1 week, but there was no statistically significant difference in RMDQ score (− 1.25, 95%CI − 2.66 to 0.15, P = 0.08, I2 =77%). Compared with the control group, KT intervention improved low back pain in the second and third trimesters, and the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion

KT has a positive effect on the improvement of low back pain during pregnancy, KT intervention can significantly improve pregnant women’s low back pain and dysfunction problems, improve the quality of life. It is suggested that future research should focus on the prevention and treatment of low back pain during pregnancy to provide more research data for improving women’s health.
Factors associated with mortality of pediatric sepsis patients at the pediatric intensive care unit in a low-resource setting
Authors: Rusmawatiningtyas Desy , Rahmawati Arini , Makrufardi Firdian , Mardhiah Nurul , Murni Indah Kartika , Uiterwaal Cuno S. P. M. , Savitri Ary I. , Kumara Intan Fatah , Nurnaningsih
Published: October 2021

Background

Sepsis is the leading cause of death worldwide in pediatric populations. Studies in low-resource settings showed that the majority of pediatric patients with sepsis still have a high mortality rate.

Methods

We retrospectively collected records from 2014 to 2019 of patients who had been diagnosed with sepsis and admitted to PICU in our tertiary hospital. Cox proportional hazard regression modeling was used to evaluate associations between patient characteristics and mortality.

Results

Overall, 665 patients were enrolled in this study, with 364 (54.7%) boys and 301 (46.3%) girls. As many as 385 patients (57.9%) died during the study period. The median age of patients admitted to PICU were 1.8 years old with interquartile range (IQR) ±8.36 years and the median length of stay was 144 h (1–1896 h). More than half 391 patients (58.8%) had a good nutritional status. Higher risk of mortality in PICU was associated fluid overload percentage of > 10% (HR 9.6, 95% CI: 7.4–12.6), the need of mechanical ventilation support (HR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.6–4.6), vasoactive drugs (HR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2–2.0) and the presence of congenital anomaly (HR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.0–1.9). On the contrary, cerebral palsy (HR 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1–0.5) and post-operative patients (HR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3–0.6) had lower mortality.

Conclusion

PICU mortality in pediatric patients with sepsis is associated with fluid overload percentage of > 10%, the need for mechanical ventilation support, the need of vasoactive drugs, and the presence of congenital anomaly. In septic patients in PICU, those with cerebral palsy and admitted for post-operative care had better survival.
The impact of the emergency medical services (EMS) automation system on patient care process and user workflow
Authors: Afzali Faezeh , Jahani Yunes , Bagheri Fatemeh , khajouei Reza
Published: October 2021

Background

One of the important components of the health system is the emergency medical services (EMS) system. The EMS system was implemented at Kerman University of Medical Sciences teaching hospitals to communicate the situation of patients being transferred to the hospital by EMS and to provide facilities tailored to the patient's condition. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the EMS system on the patient care process and the workflow of users.

Methods

The hospital information system (HIS) report was used to investigate the impact of the EMS system on the patient care process and a questionnaire was distributed among 244 participants to determine its impact on the workflow of the users. Mann–Whitney U was used to analyze HIS reports, and Chi-square was used to analyze the data collected by questionnaires.

Results

The EMS system reduced the patient's stay in hospital by an average of 3 h and 45 min. It also increased the number of patients' discharge from the emergency room to 2.2% and reduced the death rate by 1.3% (p < 0.001). Besides, 78% of physicians, 75% of nurses and 83% of technicians stated that this system has positively influenced their workflow.

Conclusions

The EMS system reduced the patient's stay in hospital and mortality, and increased the speed of patient service, readiness of users to provide patient care and the number of discharged patients. However, problems such as inappropriate technical infrastructure of the EMS system should be solved to improve patients' recovery, reduce mortality and improve user satisfaction.
Health services related factors affecting the pap smear services in Fiji: a qualitative study
Authors: Kunatoga Aliti , Mohammadnezhad Masoud
Published: October 2021

Background

Cervical cancer is the thirdly vast usual cause of cancer in women, and the second vast majority cause of death among women aged 14 to 44 years, both in developed and developing countries. This paper aims to explore the perception of women and Health Care Workers (HCWs) about health care related factors affecting the Pap smear services among women who are screened in the Women Wellness Centre (WWC) in Suva, Fiji.

Methods

This study used a qualitative method in July–September 2019 in which women screened for cervical cancer used in–depth interviews whereas HCWs used Focus Group Discussion (FGD) in WWC in Suva, Fiji. This study used purposive maximum variation sampling where participants are selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Semi–structured open ended questionnaires were used to collect the data among participants. Data coding was done until theoretical saturation was reached. Thematic analysis was used and all the text has been coded, themes were abstracted from the coded text segments.

Results

A total of 20 women screened for cervical cancer and 5 HCWs were present during the duration of the study. Health care system was a factor recognized by both groups to have been a cause for the hindrance of cervical screening. There were 8 themes identified from the study, 3 themes from the women screened for cervical cancer and 5 from HCWs. Nearly all the participants reported about the compromised of cervical cancer screening services delivery because of factors such as lack of equipment and supplies, shortage of staff, long distances to health facilities, turnaround time and delay of results which affect the uptake of cervical cancer screening services.

Conclusion

While improvement has been made in the distribution of cervical cancer screening in WWC, a number of barriers and factors affect service uptake and delivery. Investments to be made in order to address the identified barriers such as turnaround time, long distances to health facilities, shortage of supplies and staff in order to improve uptake of cervical cancer screening services.
Impact of myocardial scars on left ventricular deformation in type 2 diabetes mellitus after myocardial infarction by contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance
Authors: Gao Yue , Xu Hua-yan , Guo Ying-kun , Wen Xiao-ling , Shi Rui , Li Yuan , Yang Zhi-gang
Published: October 2021

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction (MI). The interaction of diabetic cardiomyopathy and MI scars on myocardial deformation in T2DM patients is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate myocardial deformation using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in T2DM patients with previous MI and investigated the influence of myocardial scar on left ventricular (LV) deformation.

Methods

Overall, 202 T2DM patients, including 46 with MI (T2DM(MI+)) and 156 without MI (T2DM(MI−)), and 59 normal controls who underwent CMR scans were included. Myocardial scars were assessed by late gadolinium enhancement. LV function and deformation, including LV global function index, LV global peak strain (PS), peak systolic strain rate (PSSR), and peak diastolic strain rate (PDSR), were compared among these groups. Correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to investigate the relationship between myocardial scars and LV deformation.

Results

Decreases were observed in LV function and LV global PS, PSSR, and PDSR in the T2DM(MI+) group compared with those of the other groups. Reduced LV deformation (p < 0.017) was observed in the T2DM(MI+) group with anterior wall infarction. The increased total LV infarct extent and infarct mass of LV were related to decreased LV global PS (radial, circumferential, and longitudinal directions; p < 0.01) and LV global PSSR (radial and circumferential directions, p < 0.02). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that NYHA functional class and total LV infarct extent were independently associated with LV global radial PS (β =  − 0.400 and β =  − 0.446, respectively, all p < 0.01; model R2 = 0.37) and circumferential PS (β = 0.339 and β = 0.530, respectively, all p < 0.01; model R2 = 0.41), LV anterior wall infarction was independently associated with LV global longitudinal PS (β = 0.398, p = 0.006).

Conclusions

The myocardial scarring size in T2DM patients after MI is negatively correlated with LV global PS and PSSR, particularly in the circumferential direction. Additionally, different MI regions have different effects on the reduction of LV deformation, and relevant clinical evaluations should be strengthened.
Cost impact of procalcitonin-guided decision making on duration of antibiotic therapy for suspected early-onset sepsis in neonates
Authors: Geraerds A. J. L. M. , van Herk Wendy , Stocker Martin , el Helou Salhab , Dutta Sourabh , Fontana Matteo S. , Schuerman Frank A. B. A. , van den Tooren-de Groot Rita K. , Wieringa Jantien , Janota Jan , van der Meer-Kappelle Laura H. , Moonen Rob , Sie Sintha D. , de Vries Esther , Donker Albertine E. , Zimmerman Urs , Schlapbach Luregn J. , de Mol Amerik C. , Hoffman-Haringsma Angelique , Roy Madan , Tomaske Maren , Kornelisse René F. , van Gijsel Juliette , Visser Eline G. , van Rossum Annemarie M. C. , Polinder Suzanne
Published: October 2021

Backgrounds

The large, international, randomized controlled NeoPInS trial showed that procalcitonin (PCT)-guided decision making was superior to standard care in reducing the duration of antibiotic therapy and hospitalization in neonates suspected of early-onset sepsis (EOS), without increased adverse events. This study aimed to perform a cost-minimization study of the NeoPInS trial, comparing health care costs of standard care and PCT-guided decision making based on the NeoPInS algorithm, and to analyze subgroups based on country, risk category and gestational age.

Methods

Data from the NeoPInS trial in neonates born after 34 weeks of gestational age with suspected EOS in the first 72 h of life requiring antibiotic therapy were used. We performed a cost-minimization study of health care costs, comparing standard care to PCT-guided decision making.

Results

In total, 1489 neonates were included in the study, of which 754 were treated according to PCT-guided decision making and 735 received standard care. Mean health care costs of PCT-guided decision making were not significantly different from costs of standard care (€3649 vs. €3616). Considering subgroups, we found a significant reduction in health care costs of PCT-guided decision making for risk category ‘infection unlikely’ and for gestational age ≥ 37 weeks in the Netherlands, Switzerland and the Czech Republic, and for gestational age < 37 weeks in the Czech Republic.

Conclusions

Health care costs of PCT-guided decision making of term and late-preterm neonates with suspected EOS are not significantly different from costs of standard care. Significant cost reduction was found for risk category ‘infection unlikely,’ and is affected by both the price of PCT-testing and (prolonged) hospitalization due to SAEs.
Anesthetic Management of Children and Adolescents With Giant Axonal Neuropathy: A Large Case Series
Authors: Yousef Muhammad , Bharucha-Goebel Diana , Saade Dimah , Averion Gilberto , Bönnemann Carsten G. , Quezado Zenaide M. N.
Published: October 2021

Giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) is a rare autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the GAN gene, which encodes for gigaxonin, a protein involved in intermediate filament processing in neural cells and fibroblasts. We report on 14 GAN patients who underwent 77 anesthetics during the conduct of an intrathecal gene transfer clinical trial from April 2015 to August 2020. We observed only a few nonsignificant perianesthetic complications. Our data expand the knowledge regarding safety of anesthesia for patients with this rare and potentially fatal disease and highlights the tolerability of shorter procedural sedation and anesthesia.
A connectome is not enough – what is still needed to understand the brain ofDrosophila?
Authors: Scheffer Louis K. , Meinertzhagen Ian A.
Published: October 2021

Understanding the structure and operation of any nervous system has been a subject of research for well over a century. A near-term opportunity in this quest is to understand the brain of a model species, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. This is an enticing target given its relatively small size (roughly 200,000 neurons), coupled with the behavioral richness that this brain supports, and the wide variety of techniques now available to study both brain and behavior. It is clear that within a few years we will possess a connectome for D. melanogaster: an electron-microscopy-level description of all neurons and their chemical synaptic connections. Given what we will soon have, what we already know and the research that is currently underway, what more do we need to know to enable us to understand the fly's brain? Here, we itemize the data we will need to obtain, collate and organize in order to build an integrated model of the brain of D. melanogaster.
Does dietary β-carotene influence ontogenetic colour change in the southern corroboree frog?
Authors: Walton Sara J. , Silla Aimee J. , Endler John A. , Byrne Phillip G.
Published: October 2021

Ontogenetic colour change occurs in a diversity of vertebrate taxa and may be closely linked to dietary changes throughout development. In various species, red, orange and yellow colouration can be enhanced by the consumption of carotenoids. However, a paucity of long-term dietary manipulation studies means that little is known of the role of individual carotenoid compounds in ontogenetic colour change. We know even less about the influence of individual compounds at different doses (dose effects). The present study aimed to use a large dietary manipulation experiment to investigate the effect of dietary β-carotene supplementation on colouration in southern corroboree frogs (Pseudophryne corroboree) during early post-metamorphic development. Frogs were reared on four dietary treatments with four β-carotene concentrations (0, 1, 2 and 3 mg g−1), with frog colour measured every 8 weeks for 32 weeks. β-Carotene was not found to influence colouration at any dose. However, colouration was found to become more conspicuous over time, including in the control treatment. Moreover, all frogs expressed colour maximally at a similar point in development. These results imply that, for our study species, (1) β-carotene may contribute little or nothing to colouration, (2) frogs can manufacture their own colour, (3) colour development is a continual process and (4) there may have been selection for synchronised development of colour expression. We discuss the potential adaptive benefit of ontogenetic colour change in P. corroboree. More broadly, we draw attention to the potential for adaptive developmental synchrony in the expression of colouration in aposematic species.
The Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on the Vocabulary of the Russian Language
Authors: Aksenova O. , Skripnikova N. , Shvec E.
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to changes in the lexical composition of the Russian language during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Russian language, like other languages, has been supplemented not only with medical terminology. Social changes in society were reflected in the neologisms that appeared, words that existed earlier received a new understanding.
Ad Blocking
Authors: Gritckevich Aleksandr , Katona Zsolt , Sarvary Miklos
Published: October 2021

In recent years, ad blocking has become a significant threat to advertising-supported content. Adblockers typically negotiate with publishers, allowing some ads to go through in return for a payment, a practice called (partial) whitelisting in the industry. Ad blocking has a direct positive effect on consumers by reducing advertising intensity. On the other hand, the practice clearly hurts publishers and reduces their incentives to invest in content quality. Lower content quality, in turn has an indirect negative effect on consumers. This paper builds an analytic model to explore the net impact of ad blocking on consumers, how it depends on various market characteristics, and how uniformly it affects consumers. The results show that under a broad set of market conditions, total consumer surplus and even total welfare decline under ad blocking. Whereas some consumers are always better off with an ad blocker, for the average consumer, the impact of quality decline is larger than that of ad reduction. The analysis highlights the detrimental role of ad blockers’ current revenue model—in which value is created for the consumers but it is captured from publishers—in decreasing quality, consumer surplus, and total welfare. Analyzing the impact of varying levels of negotiation power between the ad blocker and publisher reveals that full negotiation power is not preferred by the ad blocker. A lower negotiation power allows the ad blocker to commit to less value extraction from the publisher, thereby leading to higher content quality. Additional model extensions show that the main results are robust. In the case of multiple publishers with different levels of competition between them, the strong negative effect of ad blocking on quality holds.

This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Hábitos de consumo de videojuegos según el estado de peso y la calidad de la dieta en escolares de primaria
Authors: Carrillo López Pedro José , Pérez Soto Juan José
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. En este estudio se analizan los hábitos de consumo de videojuegos según el estado de peso y la calidad de la dieta de los escolares de educación primaria. MÉTODO. Estudio descriptivo transversal sobre una muestra de 332 escolares españoles (M ± DE; 11,21 ± 1,42 años). Se utilizaron dos cuestionarios: Cuestionario sobre hábitos de consumo de los videojuegos y el cuestionario KIDMED para evaluar la calidad de la dieta. Por su parte, el estado de peso se valoró mediante el índice de masa corporal (kg/m 2 ) ajustado por sexo y edad. RESULTADOS. El análisis de varianza simple mostró diferencias significativas en todas las dimensiones del cuestionario sobre el consumo habitual de videojuegos a favor de los varones (p < .001, para todas) y aquellos en sobrecarga ponderal (p < .001, para todas). Considerando la calidad de la dieta y esta en interacción con el estado de peso, se hallaron diferencias significativas en los factores de interferencia de los videojuegos con otras actividades (p < .05) e índice de consumo habitual de videojuegos (p < .05) a favor de aquellos con una calidad de la dieta mejorable y esta en interacción con la variable sobrecarga ponderal-calidad de la dieta mejorable, respectivamente. Esta relación se mantuvo tras la prueba de regresión logística multinomial donde estar en sobrecarga ponderal y tener una calidad de la dieta mejorable se asocia con una mayor probabilidad de consumir video-juegos y tener interferencias de los videojuegos con otras actividades respecto a sus pares en normopeso/CD óptima (R 2 = .199). DISCUSIÓN. El estado de peso y la calidad de la dieta parecen ser factores predictores del consumo de videojuegos en la muestra estudiada, especialmente en varones. Se precisa más investigación en torno a aquellos factores relacionados con el elevado consumo de pantallas, para llevar a cabo actuaciones que reviertan en la salud de los escolares. El contexto educativo ha de ser el guía de los escolares en el aprendizaje de la autorregulación para evitar manejos inadecuados en el consumo habitual de videojuegos, y así no generar interferencias en lo académico ni en sus relaciones interpersonales.
The prevalence of suicidal behavior and its associated factors among wives with polygamy marriage living in Gedeo zone, southern Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Kassaw Chalachew , Shumye Seid
Published: October 2021

Introduction

Polygamy is a trend of marriage characterized by having two and more wives or husbands at the same time. In low and middle-income countries including Ethiopia, polygamy has a significant negative effect on the social, economic, physical, and mental well-being of women. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behavior among wives with polygamy marriage living in the Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2020.

Methods

A community-based study employing cross-sectional design and systematic sampling technique was used to select wives with polygamy marriage who are residents of Gedeo Zone from November to December 2020. The World Health Organization Suicidal Behavior Questions (SBQ-5) was adapted to explore the outcome variable. The Logistic regression at 95% CI, p<0.05 was used to identify factors associated with suicidal behavior.

Results

This study enrolled 423 respondents. The study revealed that, the overall prevalence of suicidal behavior was 157(37%). Illiteracy, being a wife of a husband with three and more other wives, current history of depression, intimate partner violence, and poor social support were significantly associated with suicidal behavior at 95% confidence interval, p < 0.05.

Conclusion

This study found that one-third of the respondents had suicidal behavior. Different significant socio-demographic and psychosocial variables were identified. Thus, due attention should be given to minimize the practice and its effect on the mental wellbeing of a mother and their children.
Mathematical Model of Airflow and Solid Particles Transport in The Human Nasal Cavity
Authors: Trusov P.V. , Zaitseva N.V. , Tsinker M.Yu. , Nekrasova A.V.
Published: October 2021

As part of the mathematical model of the human respiratory system, a submodel is considered for the study of the non-steady airflow with solid particles (suspended particulate matter (PM) / dust particles) and the deposition of particles of various sizes in the human nasal cavity. It is assumed that the nasal cavity is divided by the bone-cartilaginous septum into two symmetrical (relative to the nasal septum) parts; the average geometry of the right part of the human nasal cavity is considered. The inhaled air is considered as a multiphase mixture of homogeneous single-component gas and solid dust particles. The Eulerian-Lagrangian approach to modeling the motion of a multiphase mixture is used: a viscous liquid model is used to describe the motion of the carrier gas phase; the carried phase (dust particles) is modeled as separate inclusions of various sizes. The process of heating the inhaled air due to its contact with the walls is also taken into account. The features of the unsteady flow of a multiphase air mixture with dust particles were obtained using Ansys CFX for several scenarios. It has been noted that when studying the airflow in the nasal cavity, it is necessary to take into account the presence of turbulence, for which it is proposed to use the k-ω model. The velocity fields of inhaled air in the nasal cavity have been obtained; presented temperature distributions in the nasal cavity at different time points; made estimates of air heating at different temperatures of inhaled air; gave estimates of the proportion of deposited particles in the nasal cavity depending on the particle size for real machine-building production; presented trajectories of movement of suspended particles. Thus, it is shown that more than 99.7 % of particles with a diameter of more than 10 microns deposit in the human nasal cavity; as the particle diameter and mass decrease, the proportion of deposited particles decreases. Suspended particles with a size of less than 2.5 microns almost do not deposit in the nasal cavity. They can penetrate deeper into the lower airways and lungs of a person with the inhaled air and, having fibrogenic and toxic effect, can cause diseases. The results obtained are in good agreement with the results of individual studies performed by other scientists. Further development of the model involves studying airflow in the human lungs and modeling the formation of diseases caused by the harmful effects of environmental factors (including dust particles) entering the human body by inhalation.
Probléma vagy ajándék? : Tanítók attitűdvizsgálata a menstruációra való felkészítéssel kapcsolatban
Authors: Hodossi Nóra , Sinka Cecília , Pigniczkiné Rigó Adrien
Published: October 2021

A menstruációval kapcsolatos szocializáció nem a menarchéval kezdődik, hanem jóval hamarabb. A gyermekek már óvodás korukban számos információt kapnak a reprodukció különböző aspektusairól (Martin & Luke, 2010). Az elsődleges információforrás jellemzően az édesanya, de jelentős a kortársak és az oktatási intézmények, valamint napjainkban már a média szerepe is (Costos et al., 2002; Spadaro et al., 2018). A serdülésre időben történő felkészítés szerepe a lányok esetében kiemelten fontos. Minél felkészültebben éri őket az első vérzésük, annál kevésbé lesz negatív élmény számukra, ami még az évtizedekkel későbbi menstruációhoz való hozzáállásukat és a menstruációval kapcsolatos egészségüket is befolyásolhatja (Chandra-Mouli & Patel, 2017; Marván & Chrisler, 2018). Mindezzel összhangban a WHO nemi egészségnevelésre vonatkozó érvényes irányelvei 6–9 éves korban minimum sztenderdként jelölik meg a menstruációval kapcsolatos felvilágosítást (WHO Európai Regionális Irodája & BZgA, 2010). Azonban sokszor azok a személyek – anyák, tanítók –, akikre ez a feladat várna, tanácstalanul, bizonytalanul foglalkoznak ezzel, vagy ha csak lehet, inkább egymásra hárítják a felkészítést, tájékoztatást (Bennett & Harden, 2014). Jelen tanulmány célja kvalitatív interjúelemzés módszerével feltérképezni a tanítók attitűdjét a menstruációval kapcsolatos ismeretek átadására vonatkozóan, különös tekintettel az alsó tagozatos tanulókra.
DEVELOPMENT OF A DECISION BOX OF DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC DRIVES
Authors:   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Department of Control Automation, Russia, STEPANOV PAVEL , BOZEK PAVOL ,   Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Institute of Production Technologies, LAGUTKIN STANISLAV ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Russia, NIKITIN YURY ,   Kalashnikov Izhevsk State Technical University, Department of Mechatronic Systems
Published: October 2021

The paper describes a diagnostic system for electromechanical equipment with a decision-making block based on a neural network. An asynchronous gear drive was used as a control object. Decision making was carried out on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of vibration data (from the gear drive) and the current consumption of the induction motor. Vibration velocity, vibration acceleration and current in the phases of the stator winding of the drive electric motor are distinguished as diagnostic signs. The work shows the possibility of increasing the efficiency of diagnostics of electromechanical equipment by using complex analysis with the use of an intelligent decision-making unit. Analysis of the results of the neural network operation with the received vibration and current data showed that with a smaller number of iterations (training time) (by 40 %), 97.9 % of correct answers and a lower error value (by 12 %) were obtained.
Incorporación del enfoque de género en las sentencias de restitución de tierras proferidas en Santander - Colombia
Authors: Pabón-Mantilla Patricia , Cáceres-Rojas Paul
Published: October 2021

Se analiza el grado de aplicación del enfoque de género en la argumentación de las sentencias de restitución de tierras en el departamento de Santander – Colombia durante el 2018, teniendo como referente teórico y metodológico el enfoque diferencial de género. Las fuentes se abordan a partir del análisis de contenido. Se construyó un instrumento de recolección de información que permitió valorar de forma cualitativa el discurso de las decisiones judiciales de la muestra con base en los presupuestos teóricos. Como resultado se identificaron tres niveles en la incorporación del enfoque diferencial en las decisiones judiciales. Se formularon tres objetivos específicos. El primero analiza el marco teórico en materia de derechos económicos sociales y culturales para las mujeres, desde la perspectiva del enfoque diferencial de género. El segundo analiza la etapa judicial, con el fin de evaluar la forma en que se incorporó el enfoque diferencial de género. Y el tercero valora, en la etapa posterior al fallo, la efectividad de la política de restitución de tierras en los casos objeto de estudio. El resultado de investigación que aquí se presenta expone los hallazgos del cumplimiento del segundo objetivo. Se puede concluir que, a pesar de los avances logrados en algunos casos con la incorporación del enfoque de reconocimiento de derechos y medidas de reparación para las mujeres, es necesario seguir capacitando a los jueces en este enfoque, para promover decisiones con potencial para transformar las injusticias estructurales vinculadas al género, que viven las mujeres.
Framing Failure: Leveraging Uncertainty to Launch Creativity in STEM Education
Authors:   Curriculum and Instruction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA, Stretch Elizabeth J. , Roehrig Gillian H.
Published: October 2021

The sentiment that creativity is the most important skill needed to solve the problems that we face is repeated by different business and industry leaders around the world). Since January 2020, the call for creativity has been amplified in response to the problems and obstacles caused by COVID19. Yet, creativity remains the most neglected 21st century skill addressed in STEM education. This paper develops the strong conceptual connections between creativity and failure within STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) to propose the Intersection of Failure and Creativity Framework (IFCF). The IFCF represents an improved way to engage students in integrated STEM activities that call for the development of solutions to real world problems by engaging in engineering design. The IFCF will better prepare teachers and students to address the changes and uncertainty of a rapidly-evolving world and address the calls of businesses for a workforce capable of innovation.
“Diagnostic-Therapeutic Management in Patients with Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer”
Authors: Hassan Razeeb , Alam J. M. H. Qausar , Uddin Md. Abbas , Akhter Mousumi
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Biliary tract tumors, or cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs), comprise a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors that can affect any part of the biliary tree, from the interlobular canals of Hering to the primary biliary duct. In the last 20-30 years, the incidence of these tumours has increased especially after the introduction of the new imaging techniques endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography) and the increased interest for this pathology.
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic methods and therapeutical results in patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from Jun-2018 to July-2021. We included 124 consecutive patients with suspected bile duct cancer who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Every patient underwent an ultrasound (US) examination before ERCP. ERCP was considered as the “gold standard” for diagnosis. The therapy applied consisted of endoscopic stenting, US guided biliary drainage or surgery. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated for every tumour localisation and also globally for all tumours.
Results. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of US were 85.9%, 76.9% and 84.4% for hilar localization, 59.1%, 50% and 57.1% for the mid common bile duct (CBD) and 33.3%, 42.8% and 36.8% for the distal CBD tumours. The global performances for US in diagnosing extrahepatic chlonagiocarcinoma were 73.5%, 61.5% and 70.9%. In 73 cases (74.5%) an endoscopic stent was placed. In 11 cases (11.2%) we performed an US guided biliary drainage and in 14 cases (14.2%) surgery was recommended.
Conclusion: Ultrasonography proved to be a reliable method for the diagnosis of bile duct cancer in spite of its low accuracy for distal localization. The combination of the two investigations (US and ERCP) was very efficient in the management of these patients. Endoscopic stenting for hilar localization is a good therapeutical option.
Incorporation of Physical Activity Challenges Within a Sport Education–Based Physical Education Class
Authors: Liu Hairui , Hastie Peter
Published: October 2021

This study examined the impact of including a formal requirement of achieving predetermined energy expenditures as part of students’ participation grades during a Sport Education–based college physical education class. Calorie consumption was measured using the Heart Zones Blink 3.0 sensor, and the percentage of students who reached the lesson target was calculated across a 15-week semester. The instructor kept a weekly journal and students participated in interviews at mid and end of term. Results showed that the average calorie consumption across the semester well exceeded the daily targets, while the percentage of students who reached the daily challenge cutoff ranged from 77% to 100% (average = 87%). Analysis of the journal entries and interviews resulted in the generation of four themes: students’ commitment to reaching the activity targets, group-based strategies for achieving physical activity targets, activity consequences of officiating roles, and activity challenges problematized skill development for some. Subscribe to TPE
DİL YARASI, YÜZ KARASI: KLASİK TÜRK ŞİİRİNDE İFTİRA
Authors: KAZAN NAS Şevkiye , KÖŞGER Hatice
Published: October 2021

İnsanoğlu, her devirde ve her toplumda iftiraya uğrama hususunda çeşitli sorunlarla uğraşmak zorunda kalmış ve hep bir mücadele içinde olmuştur. Bazı insanlar, kendi çıkarları uğruna menfaat ve makam elde etmek, itibar kaybettirmek gibi düşüncelerle nefislerinin de etkisiyle iftira atmaktan çekinmemişlerdir. Kur’an’ın da yasakladığı kötü davranışlardan ve büyük günahlardan birisi olan iftira, hiçbir topluma ait değildir ve hiçbir toplum tarafından da hoş görülmemiştir. İftira, insanlar arasındaki sevgi, dostluk ve güveni zedeleyip düşmanlığı arttırdığı ve toplumun düzeninin bozulmasına sebep olduğu için toplumda bir ahlak problemi ve manevi bir hastalık olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Yaşadığı toplumun bir ferdi olarak hayattan kendini uzak tutmayan klasik Türk edebiyatı şairleri, iftira konusuna karşı kayıtsız kalmamışlar; çoğu zaman kişiye maddi ve manevi sıkıntı veren iftira ve iftirayla ilgili yaşananları, eserlerine yansıtmışlardır. Bazı şairler, iftira atmanın ve iftiraya uğramanın olumsuzluklara sebebiyet vermesinden dolayı insanları uyarmış; devrin insanına, bozulan dünya düzenine, toplumun aksayan yönlerine dikkat çekmek istemişlerdir. Bazı şairler de iftirayla ilgili kavram ve terimleri şiirlerinde kullanırken divan şiirinin geleneğinden, anlam dünyasından yararlanmışlardır. Klasik Türk şiirinde genellikle canını sevgiliye seve seve feda eden âşık ile iftira mağduru ve sevgili ile müfterî arasında, bazen de kuru iftiraya uğrayan âşık ile âşığa iftira atmaktan çekinmeyen rakip arasında ilgi kurulmuştur.
Bu çalışmada, klasik Türk şiiri ile sosyal hayat arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak amacıyla, makale sınırları içinde iftirayla ilgili terim ve kavramlarla ilgili bilgiler verilmiş ve iftiranın klasik Türk şiirindeki yansımalarına şiir örnekleriyle genel başlıklar halinde dikkat çekilmek istenmiştir.
Incidence of exercise-associated hyponatremia during a high-altitude 161-km ultramarathon
Authors: Khodaee Morteza , Saeedi Anahita , Harris-Spinks Christine , Hew-Butler Tamara
Published: October 2021

[Purpose] Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is a well-known condition among endurance athletes at low altitudes. The incidence of EAH during ultramarathons at high altitudes warrants further investigation. This prospective observational study was conducted on the participants of the Leadville Trail 100 run, a 161- km race held at a high altitude (2,800 m-3,840 m).[Methods] Venous blood samples were collected before and immediately after the race. The participants completed an electronic survey after the race. Our main outcome measure was the post-race serum sodium ([Na+]) level.[Results] Of the 672 athletes who started the race, 351 (52%) successfully completed the event within the 30- hour cut-off. Post-race blood samples were collected from 84 runners (66 finishers). Both pre- and post-race blood samples were collected from 37 participants. Twenty percent of the post-race participants had EAH. Only one post-race participant had a [Na+] level of <130 mmol/L. All participants with EAH were asymptomatic. One participant had an abnormal pre-race [Na+] level (134 mmol/L). Female participants had a significantly higher rate of EAH than male participants (40% vs. 16%; p=0.039). Age, body mass index, weight changes, race completion status, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, and urine specific gravity were not associated with the development of EAH. Lower postrace [Na+] levels were associated with higher serum creatine kinase values (R2=0.1, p<0.005).[Conclusion] High altitude (3,840 m peak) does not appear to enhance the incidence of EAH after an ultramarathon footrace. This suggests that ambient temperature (low temperatures reduce risk), sex (female predilection), endurance running, and overhydration are more prominent risk factors for EAH than high altitude.
Pengaruh Volatilitas Makroekonomi terhadap Alokasi Kredit Bank
Authors: Colin Simanjuntak Ronald , Kacaribu Febrio Nathan
Published: October 2021

This study discusses the impact of macroeconomic volatility on bank credit allocation. The hypothesis built that macroeconomic volatility will influence banks to careful in issuing new loans. This study uses panel data with a sample of 10 banks using Baum model. This study uses the macroeconomic volatility as bebast variables. This study uses a generalized method of moment regression test to examine the relationship between dependent and bebast variables. The results of this study indicate negative relationship between inflation volatility and volatility in GDP growth with lending, whereas the volatility of exchange rate depreciation does not have effect on lending. ----------------------------------------------------- Penelitian ini membahas dampak volatilitas makroekonomi terhadap alokasi kredit bank. Hipotesis yang dibangun bahwa volatilitas makroekonomi akan memengaruhi bank bersikap hati-hati dalam menerbitkan kredit baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dengan sampel sepuluh bank dengan menggunakan Model Baum. Penelitian ini menggunakan volatilitas makro ekonomi sebagai variabel bebas. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji regresi generalized method of moment untuk meneliti hubungan antara variabel dependen dan bebas. Hasil dari penilitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif antara volatilitas inflasi dan volatilitas pertumbuhan GDP dengan penyaluran kredit, sedangkan untuk volatilitas depresiasi nilai tukar tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap penyaluran kredit.
Acute and Chronic Toxicity, Antioxidant (in Vitro and in Vivo), and Cytotoxic Effect of Peganum Harmala L. Hydromethanolic Seeds Extract Safety Profile and Biological Activities of Peganum harmala L
Authors: Mounira Dehiri , Abdelouahab Diafat , Widad Fatmi , Amirouche Deghima , Mansour Riadh Ben , Rebai Khalil , Bouaziz Mohamed , Faycel Benbacha
Published: October 2021

Peganum harmala L. (Harmel) is a widely used plant in the traditional Algerian medicine. The objective of the present study was to assess the safety profile of the P. harmala hydromethanolic seed extract (PhHm). The acute toxicity of PhHm extract was carried out based on OECD guidelines 425, where the extract was administered to mice by gavage in single doses. While in the chronic study, the extract was administered orally for 90 days in rats. The antioxidant (in vitro and in vivo) and antiproliferative activities of PhHm extract were also investigated. In the acute and chronic toxicity, the extract did not cause any behavioral changes and any mortality. In both study a significant increase in liver enzymes was observed while urea and creatinine levels decreased in the treated animals. In the repeated oral administration of PhHm extract, an increase of the platelet numbers was noted and the histological examination of the liver showed a leukocyte infiltration and a vascular congestion. For kidneys, the presence of glomerular and modular congestion was also observed and sinusoidal dilation in chronic toxicity. The PhHm extract was more cytotoxic to HeLa cell line and exhibited potent antioxidant in vitro and in vivo. It can be suggested, based on the results of this study that the PhHm seed extract was moderately toxic in acute administration (LD50 of 501.47 mg/kg) and the use of this extract is safe at doses ≤ 100 mg/kg. P. harmala could be a potential source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antiproliferative potential.
Radiomics Analysis of Contrast-enhanced CT for Staging Liver Fibrosis: An Update for Image Biomarker
Authors: Wang Jin-Cheng , Tang Shengnan , Mao Yingfan , Wu Jin , Xu Shanshan , Yue Qi , Chen Jun , He Jian , Yin Yin
Published: October 2021

BackgroundTo establish and validate a radiomics-based model for staging liver fibrosis at contrast-enhanced CT images.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study developed two radiomics-based models (R-score: radiomics signature; R-fibrosis: integrate radiomic and serum variables) in a training cohort of 332 patients (median age, 59 years; interquartile range, 51-67 years; 256 men) with biopsy-proven liver fibrosis who underwent contrast-enhanced CT between January 2017 and December 2020. Radiomic features were extracted from non-contrast, arterial and portal phase CT images and selected by using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression to differentiate stage F3-F4 from stage F0-F2. Optimal cutoffs to diagnose significant fibrosis (stage F2-F4), advanced fibrosis (stage F3-F4) and cirrhosis (stage F4) were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Diagnostic performance was evaluated by area under the curve, Obuchowski index, calibrations and decision curve analysis. An internal validation was conducted in 111 randomly assigned patients (median age, 58 years; interquartile range, 49-66 years; 89 men).ResultsIn the validation cohort, R-score and R-fibrosis (Obuchowski index, 0.843 and 0.846, respectively) significantly outperformed aspartate transaminase-to-platelet ratio (APRI) (Obuchowski index, 0.651; P < .001) and fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) (Obuchowski index, 0.676; P < .001) for staging liver fibrosis. By using the cutoffs, R-fibrosis and R-score had a sensitivity range of 70%-87%, specificity range of 71%-97%, and accuracy range of 82%-86% in diagnosing significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis.Conclusion﻿Radiomic analysis of contrast-enhanced CT images can reach great diagnostic performance of liver fibrosis.
Üretim İşletmelerinin Endüstri 4.0 Entegrasyonunun Veri Zarflama Analizi ile Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ERİK Adem , KUVVETLİ Yusuf
Published: October 2021

İnternetin, sistemlerin fiziksel ve siber entegrasyonuyla dönüşümü dördüncü sanayi devrimi olarak anılan Endüstri 4.0 (I4.0) kavramını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Birçok teknolojinin bir araya gelmesi bulut teknolojisi, dijitalleşme, büyük veri ve nesnelerin interneti gibi kavramlar ile yeni bir üretim modeli oluşmaktadır. I4.0 tabanlı bir üretim modeline geçmek isteyen bir işletme için önemli bir süreç ve teknoloji hazırlığı ve altyapı ihtiyacı oluşmaktadır. Bu nedenle, işletmeler dönüşüm için öncelikle bu modeli içeren yönetim şekli, süreç ve teknolojilerine olan uyumu sağlamak zorundadır. Bu çalışmada, farklı üretim firmalarında gerçekleştirilen yüz yüze görüşmeler sonucunda elde edilen verilerle işletmelerin I4.0 entegrasyon yeteneği analiz edilmiştir. Veriler, veri zarflama analizi ile değerlendirilmiş ve işletmelerin I4.0 uyum yeteneği göreceli olarak saptanmıştır. İşletmeler değerlendirilirken bilgi teknolojileri, araştırma-geliştirme faaliyetleri, müşteri ilişkileri, finansman, kalite yönetimi, planlama, maliyet yönetimi vb. birçok farklı başlık altında analiz edilerek detaylı bir değerlendirme yapılması sağlanmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda incelenen 24 imalat işletmesinin 13’ü dönüşüm için etkin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
online edzésekben rejlő lehetőségek a fitneszedzők szempontjából
Authors: Bartha Éva Judit , Szalánczi Zoltán
Published: October 2021

A fizikai aktivitás jelentősége mind a fizikai, mind a mentális egészség szempontjából megkérdőjelezhetetlen. A szabadidő sportolók számára a mindennapos edzések közkedvelt helyszínének tekinthetők a fitnesztermek, és nagy népszerűségnek örvendenek a szakképzett edzők által irányított órák, akár személyi akár csoportos edzésekről van szó. A világszerte megfigyelhető trendnek megfelelően a fitnesz edzésekkel szemben is növekvő elvárás, hogy minél egyszerűbben, minél több formában, a kötött helyszínektől függetlenül is lebonyolíthatók legyenek. Vizsgálatunk célkitűzése ezért az, hogy feltérképezzük, mennyire jellemző az online edzések elterjedtsége a fitnesz szektorban dolgozó edzők körében. Az ilyen edzések iránt jelentős igény mutatkozik meg, még ha nem is válthatja fel teljesen a személyes jelenléttel zajló órákat. Kiegészítésként, valamint olyan célcsoportoknak, akiknek fontos, hogy bárhol, bármikor végezhető mozgásformát találjanak, ideális lehetőséget nyújt az online tér a rendszeres fizikai aktivitás gyakorlására, valamint az edzők számára is jó lehetőség arra, hogy bővítsék vendégkörüket, szolgáltatásaikat.