bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of Banu Makhzoom in the system of government of the Prophet (PBUH)(Research and analytical study)
Authors: Sarfraz Ghani Dr. Hafiz Muhammad , Ahmed Prof. Dr. Matloob
Published: September 2022

According to the historian, Banu Makhzum was a major tribe of Quraysh. It clan was famous for due to its distinguished chief of Al-Mughira Ibn-Abd-Allah, Ibn-Umar. He was finest and prominentfiguar of Banu Makhzum in Mecca in the 6th century. It Tribeca was wealthy, affluence and powerful in Quraysh. They were considered to be as among the three most important and influential family in Mecca before the advent of Islam, the other two were Banu Hashim and Banu Umayya.When Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) started Preaching of Islam, Banu Makhzum were the formost opponents of Islamic movement. Their Powrful chieftains Abu Jahl whose real name was Amr-Ibn-Hisham and Al Walid Ibn Al-Mughirah became very cruel, ruthless, savage, inhuman and brutal to eliminate and eradicate activities of Islam. There two prominent figures tried their best to halting religious activities and preaching oneness of Allah Almighty. Which was paid of by the Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) and beloved, pious, God-fearing and dedicated comparnions of Rasoolullah (ﷺ) but failed very badly. There well-Knoweeh powerful commanders of Banu Makhzum led meccan opposition and organized a boycott of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) clan, the Banu hashim.  But it was the will of Allah Almighty, The Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) established the first formal Islamic institution of education in the house ofHazratArqam Bin Abi Al-Araram(رضی اللہ عنہ) who was a member of Makhzumian family. This remarkable and marveluous house was situated in the Cap of Mountain ‘Safa’ in Makkah. In this first Islamic university, the Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) prepared, intellectual, spiritual, religious, commanders, and leaders of Islam for the future.Therefore, we can say that Mercy of Allah Almighty. Therefore, we can say that Mercy of Allah Almighty many people of Banu Makhzum not only accepted teachings of Islam but also played a vital role in the priod of Prophethood. The Holy Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) appointed some Makhzumian as his assistant, Commander, deliberations, Ambassadors, and the Scribers.
A Research Article on Birth Rituals of Sindh in The Teaching of Islam
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Ali
Published: September 2022

Ever since Allah, the Exalted, bestowed upon man the blessings and sent him down to earth, happiness and sorrow have been his destiny. Man has to live in this soil for a certain period of time. Life is dependent on various requirements. Due to change in circumstances, change in lifestyle is also a part of nature. It is a great blessing for a person to fulfil all the requirements of his borrowing, and this action also implies that obedience to one's Lord is real freedom. Instead of worshiping and meditation, the trend towards rituals and customs has reached a very sensitive and dangerous level. Considering onc’e rituals that it is not uncommon to wake up at night. Now there is a dire need to change the course of events and the mood of your thinking. It is important that our religion has perfect guidance for all aspects of life and hereafter. As Muslims, we must remember that we have such restrictions and we have boundaries set by the Allah Almighty, the observance of which is the requirement of servitude. This is not the case with a person who, after reciting the Qur'an, should follow Allah and His Messenger forever. If  this is our faith  that Islam is the comprehensive and ultimate religion then why we are following such rituals which are totally against the Quran and Sunnah.
The importance and sharia status of the barber in modern times
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Ali
Published: September 2022

The word "barber" is derived from Arabic. This art is called "barber".  In Urdu, the words "horn" and "ask" are used for "barber". Hairdressing is also called horning in Urdu (Hearing the horns of the barber is called because in earlier times this was done by means of horns, the horns are empty inside and wide on one side and thin on the other side.  A small hole was drilled through the hole and the air was drawn in and the side of the horn was attached to the body part. This material was removed by making an incision with a blade, so in Urdu language this process had to be called horn, but now in the present era, instead of sucking from the mouth, they complete this process through "vacuum".  They place a lid on a specific part of the body and vacuum it, which causes the body to swell and begin to swell, and irregular blood begins to accumulate in it.  Vacuum, which removes the accumulated irregular blood in minutes.
Finding Correlation between Critical Thinking and Deduction Making Skill: A Study at Bachelor Level in Pakistan
Authors: Din Dr. Muhammad , Hussain Dr. Riaz , Asif Dr. Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Deductive reasoning, or deduction, is one of the two basic types of logical inference. Deductive reasoning means a kind of reasoning in which the truth of conclusion (the output proposition) is logically guaranteed by the truth of the premises (the input proposition). This study has aimed to evaluate university students’ critical thinking ability of making and recognizing deductions. To explore this aim, the present study has set two research objectives which include to know university students’ attitude towards the critical thinking skill of deduction making and to evaluate university students’ performance in the critical thinking skill of deduction making. To achieve these objectives, the researcher has used quantitative research methodology. The participants of this study consist of 550 male and female university students of different state-run colleges of Punjab (Pakistan). Critical thinking inventory (CTI) and Watson-Glaser’s Critical Thinking Appraisal (WGCTA) (2002) have been used to collect data from the subjects of the study. The researcher used SPSS (XX) to analyze the collected data. The findings of this study reveal that the university students have highly positive attitude towards critical thinking skill of making deductions but their level of critical thinking and their ability to reflect critical thinking in their test of making deductions does not correspond with their attitude towards this skill of critical thinking.
Impact of Reciprocal Teaching Strategy on Students Academic Achievement in the Subject of General Science at Elementary Level
Authors: Shafiq Madiha , Hassan Neelma , Liaqat Nazia , Naeemullah Dr. Muhammad
Published: September 2022

The study aimed at examining the effect of reciprocal teaching strategy on students’ academic achievement in the subject of general science at elementary level. The objectives of the study were; (i) to investigate the effect of using reciprocal teaching strategy on academic achievement of 5th grade students, (ii) To investigate the effect of reciprocal teaching strategy on high achiever and low achiever of 5th grade, (iii) To observe the participation of the students in reciprocal teaching strategy. Sample of the study was consisting of 40 students studying general science in class 5th. A Pre-test Post- test equivalent group design was used to conduct the study. For collection of data teachers made test and observation sheets were developed. Statistical techniques such t-test, percentage, S.D and mean were used to analyze the collected data. The study is equally significant for students, teachers, curriculum developers and future researchers. It was found that the participation of students was significant in reciprocal teaching strategy during treatment. The participation of students in reciprocal teaching strategy reported an increasing trend after the first week to week 6.With the help of reciprocal teaching strategy students readiness to learn, their attention to reading and listening, their ability to generate questions from the text, their activeness during the discussion and their confidence about sharing their ideas in a group increased hundred percent. Reciprocal teaching had great effect on student’s academic achievement.
Analysis of Competencies of Female Teachers Regarding Assessment Techniques in Teacher Education
Authors: Durrani Dr. Rukhsana , Malik Ghulam Abbas , Malik Shafqat Abbas
Published: September 2022

Assessment techniques such as paper-pencil tests, quizzes, assignments, presentations, projects and fieldwork guide the teaching-learning process. The major objectives of the study were to investigate assessment techniques practiced in pre-service teacher education and to explore uses of assessment techniques by teacher educators of universities and colleges of education in Punjab. The mixed methods research design was used to get data from teacher educators and prospective teachers of M.A Education program through self-designed five-point Likert scales and interview questions. Analysis of the data through mean, percentage, t-test and coding revealed that the universities were implementing diverse assessment techniques as compared to colleges of education including oral quiz, multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, extended response questions, project, portfolio, and fieldwork. However, the teacher educators of these institutes provided oral and written feedback on the student teachers’ achievement through graded assessment techniques. It is recommended to switch over to advanced assessment techniques such as self-assessment and peer assessment in order to add more transparency in assessment and to involve students in the process of assessment
Role of ICT In Managing Classroom Learning Environment with Special Reference to Daanish Schools Punjab
Authors: Ullah Hafeez , Tahir Imtiaz Hussain , Aslam Arslan
Published: September 2022

The use of information and communication technology (ICT) in management classroom teaching is discussed in this article. ICT makes it easier to initiate and create innovative pedagogical tools in the classroom as it serves as an enabler rather than a regulator of the teaching and learning process. Since management education necessitates the acquisition of a wide variety of technological, human, and mental skills. ICT is commonly used in classroom management education. From a pedagogical standpoint, the researcher built and expanded a typology of ICT usage in the classroom. A survey questionnaire was distributed randomly to a total of 32 from Punjab Daanish schools of Dera Ghazi khan. The data was compiled using a four-point rating scale survey as a testing instrument. SPSS was used to interpret the information collected. It was found that ICT plays a vital role in managing the classroom learning environment. The results highlighted the approach that ICT has a great impact on both teachers and students. In this regard, a lot of data has been collected randomly using different survey techniques. Findings of the survey prove that well-prepared lessons using different tools and facilities from Information Technology are the main factors that enhance and retain learning among students in the class as compared to traditional teaching methods. Using Information Technology also enhances professional development among teachers in the form of training focused on the core objective of enhancing the quality and longevity of students learning.
Patriotism and National Integration among school-aged adolescents: National prevalence of estimated Identity Pride and Cultural Diversity
Authors: Zeba Asifa , Jumani Prof. Dr. N. B , Malik Prof. Dr. Samina
Published: September 2022

Background: Patriotism and national integration were essential qualities that all students needed to acquire, regardless of their political, social, educational, or cultural system. The role of education in the development of patriotism and nationalism can be emphasized. If there is a gap in the education system or curriculum in terms of planning and generating curriculum, the results will be less than ideal. This survey intends to capture a well-adjusted and well-researched goal of estimated Identity Pride and Cultural Diversity among school-age adolescents on the integrity of sustaining a patriotism environment in the development of children, youth, and adults. How does being a national identity of a country, steeped in its cultural context, effect on students behaviour. 

Methods: Study design was quantitative method. A simple random sampling (SRS) method was used to select participants. The study included 415 students from secondary schools in the Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT). The established inquiry tool was the identity pride and cultural diversity questionnaire.

Results: In terms of outcomes, the majority of students (males n = 90 (89.1%) and females n = 303 (96.5%) are always proud to call themselves Pakistanis.  Furthermore, by kind as a result, each of the two groups (Public n = 208 (95.4%), and Private n = 185 (95.4%) (Public = 2.94±0.26 and Private = 2.93±0.26) has a mean and standard deviation, with F = 0.17 and P = 0.677 as significant.

Conclusion and Recommendation: The majority of female students felt significantly more proud to be Pakistanis than male students, according to cultural diversity. An increasing number of male and female students were proud to be Pakistanis. However, only a small percentage of students are always enthusiastic about Pakistani gastronomy; for example, some female students never wear Pakistani attire (Shalwer Kameez, Ajrak, Rally), whereas male students do. According to the results of analysis of variance identity pride and cultural diversity, the majority of students in both public and private schools are always proud to be Pakistanis. In light of this.
Amin-ul-Ummah Hazrat Abu Ubaida Bin Jarrah Status and Position in Islam (A Historical Analysis)
Authors: Akhter Dr. Naseem
Published: September 2022

Hazrat Abu Ubaida (RA) was noble personality of Islam and he belonged to the famous tribe of Quraesh at Makkah. Hazrat Abu Obadiah is one of the earliest followers and followers of Islam. He was a preacher of Islam and a dutiful general. He was a close associate of the Holy Prophet. He took part in many campaigns and was honored to raise the banner of Islam. Allah's Apostle gave him the title of Amin-ul-Ummah Besides, the Prophet called him the best man. He took part in many battles and showed the essence of bravery. In the time of Hazrat Abu Bakar, he was appointed the commander of the Muslim army sent to the front of Syria against the Roman forces. Due to his bravery Muslims became victorious and the entire country of Syria was conquered under his command۔ He was also the governor of Syria for some time. The publication of Islam includes his valuable services. This dissertation highlights the personality of Hazrat Abu Obadiah and his services to Islam.
A Descriptive Study of Educational System of Pakistan and Indonesia, at Elementary Level
Authors: Rifaqt Muhammad , Hussain Mehtab , Karim Abdul
Published: September 2022

Development of any country depends upon its education system. To enhance its future every nation of the world is well aware about the fruits of its good education system. Education for all (EFA) is also one of the main objective of one’s educational system. The objective of this article is to explore the education system of Pakistan and Indonesia in this context. The data reveals that literacy rate of Indonesia is higher than Pakistan which is 95.7% whereas in Pakistan literacy rate is 58%. Pakistan is spending almost 2% of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) whereas Indonesia is spending 3.6% of its GDP on education. Children out of school at elementary level in Pakistan and Indonesia are 5.37 million and 4.4 million respectively. Student teacher ratio at elementary level is also very low in case of Indonesia with (16-1) pupil per teacher whereas in Pakistan this ratio is (41-1) pupils per teacher.
Designing a Checklist for Corruption Measurement in China
Authors: Mumtaz Ayesha , Mukhtar Hamid , Saleem Hafiz Abdul Rehman
Published: September 2022

The present study has been conducted to construct a valid and reliable checklist of indicators for the construction of corruption measurement model in China. The study has used a DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) tool of six sigma technique for the checklist process improvement. Twenty-four experts with diversified background were included in the study to evaluate the applicability of the adapted version of corruption measurement tool in the Chinese context. The checklist comprised of five major departments under administrative sector; human resource management, financial management, asset management, external control, and services and authority departments. Kruskal Wallis test, Cronbach's alpha, R2, and internal consistency were applied to check the reliability and validity of the checklist. The results showed that all the indicators are applicable in the Chinese context and the designed checklist is highly reliable and valid for the construction of administrative corruption measurement model in China. This tool could be used in measuring the administrative level corruption in China and other researchers can test its applicability in different contexts for future use.
Quality assurance policies of Kindergarten Education in Karachi and their implementation
Authors: Fatima Syeda Aliya , Alwi S. Khurram Khan
Published: September 2022

This study revolves around the recent policies for Kindergarten education in Karachi. In this study the considerations regarding the policies and their implementations in Karachi city for Kindergarten institutions has been made. Also the level of the current Kindergarten education in Karachi in different regions of the city has been considered. For this purpose the literature review has been done from various sources. Then according to the requirement of the research the qualitative research has been adopted. The selection qualitative research has been more specified to phenomenological research method. Thus, the interviews from the founders of the different Kindergarten institutes have been done form different regions. By these interviews the conclusions have been made that there are no specific bodies from government providing any particular policies for initializing the Kindergarten Institute, but for checking of implementation of their basic requirements there is a process, which somehow is not applicable everywhere in the city. Some considerations also have been made from the founders regarding the current policies and implementations.
Socio-Political Impacts of Feudalism on Saraiki Dera Ghazi Khan
Authors: Fiaz Hafiz Muhammad , Ahmad Dr. Ayaz , Yaseen Ghulam
Published: September 2022

During forward Pollicy, British forces faced strong resistance in the Tribal Area of Dera Ghazi Khan then the British statesmen revisit their strategy and they decided to ingage the tribal chiefs with new political diplomacy through differnent types of motivation i.e administrative heads of their areas, lands and money as bribe. When British government negociated with the inhabiting tribes and signed a treaty with different tribal chiefs and formed a new political system. This system was recognized aas the Tumandari System in Dera Ghazi Khan. Tumandari System had a great similarity with the feudal system of Europe and this Tumandari System was infact a type of feudalism. These tumandars became the supporters and right hands of British Government for revenue collection as well as strategic partners. This paper highlights the socio-political impacts of the feudalism on the society of Dera Ghazi Khan.
Analyzing the impact of age inverse relationship on the job satisfaction of older subordinates
Authors: Nawaz Nosheen , Iqbal Dr Syed Muhammad Javed
Published: September 2022

One of the most peculiar hallmarks of this century’s workplace transfiguration which is influencing employers around the globe is evident in age diverse workforce. The present research is a step forward in understanding the constituents of a non-normative work group discovered as a by-product of the age diversity and merit based promotion and selection criteria pertinent to the ultramodern 21st century. The non-normative workgroup which forms the focus of this study consists of the younger supervisor-older subordinate dyad. The present study was aimed at identifying the factors which influence the job satisfaction of the older subordinates working in an age incongruent relationship with a younger boss. The hypothesized impact of age difference, LMX relationship quality and perceived organizational justice on job satisfaction of the older faculty members in public sector universities of Punjab (Pakistan) was investigated. The impact of ageism as a moderator on the hypothesized direct relationships was also checked.  Primary data on the study variables was taken on a structured questionnaire from 207 older subordinate faculty members using judgmental sampling technique. The data was analyzed using PLS-SEM technique in smartpls version 3.2. The results of the analysis reveal that age difference significantly negatively influences job satisfaction of the older faculty members. Job satisfaction of the older subordinates is found to be strongly predicted by procedural justice and LMX relationship quality. Ageism was found to moderate the relationship of job satisfaction and LMX quality. The results of the study can be utilized by the organizational behavior researchers to further extend their work in the domain of relational demography specifically related to age inverse supervisor and subordinate dyad. The study is not only helpful to guide the future research, but also, aids the practitioners in better understanding of the older employee when he reports to a younger boss. This enhanced understanding can help in effective decision making and management of the older employees in organizations generally and in academic institutions specifically.
Ghalib Shikan Yagana Changaizi and Ihle Lakhno
Authors: Khattak Dr. Irfan Ullah
Published: September 2022

Mirza Wajid Hussain, known as Yagana Changezi, was born in Azeemabad (Patna).He belonged to the famous dynasty of Changez Khan. Urdu literature remained indebted to him for his manly poetic tone and choice of diverse themes. He tried to curtail the deplorable and lamenting picture of the lover,often painted with, in Urdu literature. This practice badly affected his works and supress the subtleness of poetic expression yet he became a voice of the restless and impatient souls of twentieth entury.
Molecular study of epstein Barr virus among patients with malignant diseases in al Najaf and Diwaniyah governorates
Authors: Naji Fatima Wisam , Yousif Maitham Ghaly
Published: September 2022

The present study is an effort to study the Epstein-Barr virus and it is relationship to the different types of cancers and their relationship to the virus and to the demographic distribution of the patients. our study started from Sep 2019 to Dec 2020 , blood samples were collected (2 ml  of venous blood) were drawing by disposable syringe under a septic conditions. From patients with age grouped  more 13 years old , represented by 47 specimens that subjected to molecular examination in Nested PCR technique detecting EBV LMP-1 in patients' blood as a main route. The study has included patients with different types of cancers  from different areas. 47 specimens submitted to molecular examination, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR. Where EBV LMP-1 detected in 20 positive Specimens. All the virus isolates were sent to NCBI-BLAST to confirm the variation of the isolates. The study summarize that there is a strong relationship between EBV and some cancer diseases and show no significant difference according to age or gender or hereditary.
Relative study on team cohesion between cricket players
Authors: Ramkumar NR. , Suresh R.
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to find out the relative study on team cohesion between crickets players were participated in the 2018 Buck Cricket Tournament was conducted by YMCA College of physical education, Chennai. The study was administered on 10 batsmen, 10 fast bowlers, 10 spin bowlers and 10 wicketkeepers in the age group of 18 to 25 and completed the Group environment questionnaire (Carron, A.V et., al. 1985).  The obtained F ratio value on the scores of ATGS 0.36 was lesser than the required table value of 2.87, which proved that there was no significant difference on ATGS between cricket players. The obtained F ratio value on the scores of ATGT 0.22 was lesser than the required table value of 2.87, which proved that there was no significant difference on ATGT between cricket players. The obtained F ratio value on the scores of GIS 3.74 was greater than the required table value of 2.87, which proved that there was a significant difference on GIS between cricket players.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of gait in partial foot amputation versus peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Elabd Omar M. , El Nahass Bassem Galal Eldein , Ibrahim Mona Mohamed
Published: September 2022

Background: Partial foot amputation (PFA) is defined as a surgical loss of part of either the forefoot or mid-foot. It is usually secondary to physiological foot dysfunctions such as peripheral neuropathy (PN). The effect of amputation on spatiotemporal characteristics of gait in patients with PFA secondary to PN is still not well established yet Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of PFA on characteristics of gait in patients with PFA secondary to PN compared to PN patients without amputation. Methods: Cadence, stance, swing, double limb support, stride time, step length, and stride length were assessed for 53 participants divided into two groups; (A) PFA group: 25 subjects with healed unilateral PFA and (B) PN Groups: 28 subjects with PN with neither ulcer nor amputation. The gait analysis was conducted at a self-selected speed using the STT three-dimensional motion analysis system. Results: The MANOVA main effect revealed no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.102). The post hoc test revealed no significant difference between the two groups in all spatiotemporal variables (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Both groups walked at a slow cadence, taking short steps with increased percentage of stance and double limb support.
Development and validation of novel stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the determination of assay of voriconazole in pharmaceutical products
Authors: Patil Khushabu , Deshmukh Tushar , Tayade Rohini , Rane Sachin , Nemade Mahesh , Chaudhari Rajesh , Bhosale Avinash , Sable Vijay , Barde Lokesh , Meher Abhishek
Published: September 2022

For the determination of the assay of voriconazole in bulk and in pharmaceutical dosage forms, a novel stability indicating RP-HPLC method was designed and validated, exhibiting a very low run time. The stability-indicating nature of the approach is supported by the fact that it is unique, quick, precise, accurate, and capable of isolating the voriconazole peak from any contaminating or degrading components. Isocratic elution on a 100 mm x 4.6 mm, 3μm agilent C18 column at 45°C and a UV detection wavelength of 256 nm constitutes the analytical procedure at at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. After injecting 20µL of voriconazole sample, the elution peak occurred at 3.5 minutes, and the entire run time was 15 minutes. Between 98% and 102% was a reasonable range for the percentage of recovery. It was determined that the method's RSD for precision and accuracy was less than 2%. The method has been verified for routine analysis of voriconazole in bulk materials and its formulations according to the standards established by the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH).
TNF-α and IL-10 levels in hipoxic ischemic rat brain receiving stem cell
Authors: Gunawan Prastiya Indra , Noviandi Riza , Purwati Purwati
Published: September 2022

To investigate the effect of intracerebral adipose neural stem cell transplantation in the inflammatory process after brain HI. The study used 16male Wistar rats aged 2 months which were randomly divided into the following group: Ischemia-Reperfusion group (IR, n=8) and ANSC-treated group (IR+ANSC, n=8). IR was performed by right common carotid artery occlusion for 2 hours, hypoxia procedure for 1 hour and reperfusion.  ANSC was prepared from rats adipose tissue and processed in Laboratory. ANSC was inserted intracerebally after hypoxia procedure and after 48 hours the blood sample were analyzed by using ELISA. T-test for independent samples was used for statistial analysis. There were no significant differences in the TNF-α level between the IR group and IR+ANSC group. There were statistically significant difference in IL-10 level between groups (P< 0.05). Intracerebral ANSC transplantation cannot reduce TNF-α expression and increase IL-10 expression in brain ischemia induced by CCA ligation and hypoxia.
validated LC-MS method for the estimation of genotoxic nitroso amines impurities in empagliflozin
Authors: Mohammed Mubarakunnisa , Gandhimathi R
Published: September 2022

Background: Nitrosamine impurities are known to be mutagenic and carcinogenic, and even minor exposure to these impurities can result in genotoxicity. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and validate simple, robust and accurate Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) method for estimation of nitroso amine impurities [N-nitroso dimethyl amine (NDMA), N-nitroso diethylamine (NDEA), N-nitroso ethyl isopropylamine (NEIA), N- Nitroso diisopropylamine (NDIPA)] in empagliflozin. Method & Results: Aqueous ammonia buffer (0.10%) in a mixture of methanol (5:95 v/v), flow rate, and injection volume were 0.4mL/min, 20µL, respectively. Linearity was observed in the concentration range of 0.05-0.5 ppm (r2 =1). The retention time of NDMA, NDEA, NEIA and NDIPA were 6.412, 7.172, 7.486 and 7.719, respectively. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines with good reproducibility, and the limits of detection were 0.03 ppm for NDMA, NEIA and NDIPA and 0.02 ppm for NDEA, respectively. The limit of quantitation for NDMA, NEIA and NDIPA was 0.09 ppm and 0.06 ppm for NDEA, respectively. Conclusion: The proposed method is helpful for the best analysis of nitrosamine impurities in dosage forms of empagliflozin within a shorter duration of time.
The 15th century grave stele from the village of Ashty — a highly masterful work of Islamic art in Mountain Dagestan
Authors: Маммаев М.М.
Published: September 2022

Надмогильная стела XV в. из селения Ашты (Дахадаевский район, Республика Дагестан) представляет собой массивную каменную плиту слегка трапециевидной формы, которая богато и с большим художественным мастерством украшена растительным орнаментом. По контуру круглого рельефного медальона в центре верхней части памятника помещена врезная эпитафия на арабском языке с именем погребённого (Али сын Ахмада) и с датой его смерти (и изготовления памятника) — джумада ал-ахира 877 г.х. (11 ноября — 10 декабря 1472 г.). Внутреннее пространство медальона занимает рельефная каллиграфическая надпись «Аллах». Еще одна рельефная надпись с именем пророка и посланника Аллаха Мухаммада помещена в небольшой круглый медальон в средней части центрального поля. Исходя из особенностей декоративной отделки, совершенной, яркой и выразительной орнаментальной резьбы, а также наличия арабских надписей, памятник из Ашты характеризуется как ценный образец камнерезного искусства, арабской эпиграфики и каллиграфии. Стела исследуется в сравнительном плане с синхронными памятниками селений Кубачи, Дацамаже и Кумух. Отмечается наибольшая близость декора стелы к декору мусульманских стел селения Кубачи и поселения Дацамаже. Несмотря на зависимое положение Ашты в XV в. от Казикумухского шамхальства, жители этого селения продолжали сохранять прежние экономические и культурные связи с этнически близкими им кубачинцами.

The grave stele of the 15th century from the villageof Ashty (Dakhadaev district, Republic of Dagestan) is a massive subtrapezoidal stone slab. It is decorated with rich floral ornament in artistically skilful manner. The relief round medallion in the center of the upper part of the monument is encircled with engraved epitaph in Arabic, which contains the buried person’s name (Ali son of Ahmad) and dates of his death and, consequently, of the manufacture of the monument: Jumada al-Akhira 877 AH (November 11 — December 10, 1472). In the centre of the medallion a calligraphic relief inscription “Allah” is made. In a small round medallion situated in the middle part of the central field, another relief inscription is placed, with the name of Muhammad, the Prophet and Allah’s Messenger. It is peculiarities of decorative design, perfectly bright and expressive ornamental carving, and the presence of Arabic inscriptions, which attest the Ashty stele as a highly valuable masterpiece of stone-carving art, Arabic epigraphy, and calligraphy. The stele is explored in terms of comparison with the monuments of the same time range from Kubachi, Datsamazhe and Kumukh. The ornamentation of the Ashty stele is found to have closest parallels in carved Muslim stelae from the village of Kubachi as well as in those from the settlement of Datsamazhe. In the 15th century, Ghazi-Kumukh Shamkhalate dominated Ashty, yet the villagers have managed to retain traditional economic and cultural connections with ethnically related Kubachi people.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS ATENDIMENTOS DE URGÊNCIA CLÍNICA EM UMA MATERNIDADE DE RISCO HABITUAL: ESTUDO TRANSVERSAL
Authors: Herreira Trigueiro Tatiane , Vicari Kauane , da Luz Janiacki Karoline , Paula da Rosa Ana , Karine Kissula Fernanda
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: caracterizar os atendimentos do pronto atendimento de uma maternidade de risco habitual.

Método: pesquisa quantitativa, transversal e retrospectiva, com análise dos indicadores de um pronto atendimento de uma maternidade de uma capital do sul do Brasil, de janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2019. Dados analisados de forma descritiva.

Resultados: dos 25.451 atendimentos, 24.307 eram gestantes, 944 puérperas, 119 mulheres que sofreram aborto, 46 não gestantes e 35 indefinidos. A média de atendimentos mensais foi de 1.060; com maior demanda no turno vespertino, em idades entre 20 a 29 anos, sendo a mínima de oito e a máxima de 61 anos; o terceiro trimestre e a classificação de risco de urgência verde representaram maior demanda. O motivo da busca por atendimento mais registrado foi a dor abdominal.

Conclusão: a pesquisa contribuiu para a compreensão de quais serviços da Rede de Atenção à Saúde a comunicação deve ser reforçada, aprimorada e mantida.
Disaster Preparedness Analysis At Intensive Health Centers In Toba Regency In 2020
Authors: Pardede Mangapul , EL- Matury Herlina J. , Batubara Saiful
Published: September 2022

This study analyzes the level of disaster preparedness in inpatient health centers in Toba Regency. The variables studied were disaster potential, structural safety, non-structural safety, and functional aspects. The results showed that the preparedness scores for the Ajibata Inpatient Health Center and the Parsoburan Inpatient Health Center required both inpatient health centers to intervene in the near future because they still had risks when facing disasters. Meanwhile, the Laguboti Inpatient Health Center is considered capable of protecting human life and still functioning in the event of a disaster. The structural safety score of the Ajibata Inpatient Health Center reflects that the structural security is adequate for disaster events. Meanwhile, the Parsoburan Inpatient Health Center still has a risk for disaster events. The non-structural safety scores of the Ajibata and Laguboti Inpatient Health Centers both still have risks in dealing with disasters. The Parsoburan Inpatient Health Center is not ready to face a disaster. The value of the functional aspects of the three Inpatient Health Centers shows that the three Inpatient Health Centers are not functionally ready to face disaster events. It is recommended that the three Inpatient Health Centers should continue to improve disaster preparedness.
The Relationship of Phytoplankton Primary Productivity Values with Physical and Chemical Factors in Parapat Waters, Lake Toba
Authors: Ningsih Erna
Published: September 2022

The aimed of this research were to investigate the relation of primary productivity value with the chemistry physic factor Parapat, Lake Toba. Primary productivity in Lake Toba from activity photosynthesis of done by chlorophyl. This research has been done during March 2009 at 3 sampling location around Parapat, Lake Toba. The locations research obtained base on variation activity to obtained location research.  Primary productivity was measured by the Oxygen Method were two bottles with a given conceration of phytoplankton (small aqutac organism) are suspended at the depth from wich the samples were obtained. The “dark” bottle is wrapped in aluminium foil to exclude light: “light” bottle is clear. A quantity of oxygen proportional to the total organic matter fixed (gross production) is produced by photosynthesis in the light bottle. At the same time, some of oxygen is being utilized in respiration. The other analysis would be conducted to measurement such as temperature, pH, DO, BOD, COD, nitrat, fospat, chlorophyl a, abundant phytoplankton, light penetration, light intensity. The value of primary productivity range from 112,608-825,792 mgC/m3/day and with the highest value of primary productivity equal to 825,792 mgC/m3/day obtained at the depth 7 m (station I), the value of chlorophyl equal to 62,013 mg/m3 obtained at the surface (station III) and the lowest value of chlorophyl a equal to o,801 mg/m3 obtained at the depth 3,5 m (station III), beside the value of phytoplankton equal to 3306,12 ind/l obtained at the depth surface (station I) and the value of phytoplankton equal to 1469,39 ind/. According to statistical the test obtained that there no significance difference of value of primary productivity which is compared between station or depth.
Manufacturing of Ceramic Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites (Al/Sicp) And Their Characterization Through Powder Metallurgy Methods
Authors: Ginting Jepriandi
Published: September 2022

Metal Matrix Composites is two or more combination material with aluminum metal as matrix and devolved to fix metal act, strength, high temperature stability and hardness. Metal matrix composites have been developed so many because it has low density, corrosion proof, cheap and easy fabrication. Powder metallurgy technique is one of metal matrix composites fabrication process in solid state that is still developed because more economic, doesn't need difficult equipment. Aluminum that use in this research is Al alloy type 2124. Metal matrix composites fabrication process with powder metallurgy method using wet mixing with pure ethanol, cold compaction 300 MPa and inert gas atmospheric using Nitrogen gas (N2) at sintering process. Variation of sinter temperature that used is 450, 500, 550, and 600 oC with highly temperature average 5 oC/min and holding time for 1 hour and with speed flow Nitrogen gas (N2) 5 lt/min with pressure 1000 kgf/cm2. From research result can be concluded the mechanical properties and physical properties from metal matrix composites reinforced ceramics Al/SiCp increase with sinter temperature highly and with reinforcement particle addition SiC can increase mechanical properties and physical properties such as: hardness, wear resistance, coefficient of thermal expansion and corrosion resistance. From microstructure analysis, particle Sic distributed homogeneously at test specimen based on SEM analysis, and structure crystal analysis test result XRD show that dominant phase appear is Al, and Sic.
Design of a Light Intensity Regulator with Remote Control for Incandescent Lamps
Authors: Yani Akhmad
Published: September 2022

Research has been carried out on the design of a light intensity regulator with a remote control on incandescent lamps. This study aims to design and manufacture a light intensity controller that can be controlled remotely. This research uses Infrared Light Emitting Diode (LED) as transmitter and phototransistor module as receiver. The results of this study indicate that the tool that has been successfully designed and made can function up to a distance of 300 cm.
Determination of Protein Content by Spectrophotometric Method and Fat Content by Soxhletation Method on Purple Kopek Eggplant and Green Kopek Eggplant
Authors: Hasan Kartika
Published: September 2022

The type of research is quantitative research which is concerned with determining how much certain substances are contained in a sample. The formulation of the problem in this study is how much protein and fat levels are contained in the green kopek green eggplant kopeksangegg plant. The study was conducted to determine how many grams of protein and fat content in purple kopek eggplant and green kopek eggplant samples. With a spectrophotometric method (Lowry) for the determination of protein content and one method of hot extraction is the soxhletation method for the determination of fat content. The results showed that the protein content in 50 g of eggplant purple kopek was 0.0323 g and 50 g eggplant green kopek was 0.0375 g. The fat content in 10 grams of eggplant purple kopek is 0.1794% and 10 grams of eggplant green kopek is 0.1612%. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it was found that the protein content of eggplant kopek did not meet the DKBM standard, namely 1.4-2 g in a sample of 100 g. While the standard fat content obtained by DKBM is 1.1 g in a sample of 100 g.
On the Application Status and Optimization Path of Energy Blockchain Technology in Carbon Neutrality in Anhui Province
Authors: Wang Dandan , Cai Huayu , Hu Guowen , Zhang Lele , Zhou Zejiong
Published: September 2022

In response to the carbon peak and carbon neutral plan proposed by the General Secretary Xi Jinping, Anhui Province actively promotes the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, and helps to achieve accurate, scientific energy conservation and carbon reduction by making use of the characteristics and advantages of blockchain technology, such as chained data structure, decentralized distribution, smart contracts and open source programmability. On the basis of blockchain technology, "carbon index", energy trading and other theories, this paper combines blockchain technology with the work of energy conservation and carbon reduction in Anhui Province, and realizes the systematic construction of blockchain technology in energy conservation and carbon reduction by establishing a conceptual model of energy blockchain trading.
The Application of The Arm's Length Buyer Rule in The Context of The Civil Code
Authors: Yang Yuehu
Published: September 2022

Based on the consideration of protecting the interests of transactions, article 404 of the civil code extends the normal business buyer rule to the chattel mortgage and stipulates the constituent elements of the rule. The business activities cannot exceed the scope of the business license, and the goods are for continuous sale; Actual payment is required, but not limited to monetary form; Ownership is required, but actual possession is not required. As for the excluded application, the continuous sale of production equipment is not included in the excluded application; The existence of control relationship does not necessarily exclude the application; Bona fide elements can be added to the identification of the cover clause. The application of this rule can block the recovery of chattel mortgage, but it is still bound by paragraph 2 of article 406.
Talking About the Significance of Network Information Chemical Business Management to Improve Enterprise Management Level
Authors: Lu Xue , Zhang Chen , Zhou Mengping , Xing Jin
Published: September 2022

The rapid development of social science and technology and the continuous update and iteration of network information technology have brought disruptive changes to the business management of enterprises. Enterprises still adopt the traditional business management model, which is difficult to support the current fast-paced office business and operational needs. Enterprises should break the stereotype of traditional management thinking, cater to the current social development situation, integrate modern network information technology in the business management of enterprises, and promote the improvement of the level of business management of enterprises. This paper focuses on the concept, characteristics and connotation of business management, analyzes the significance of network information technology to the improvement of business management level of enterprises, discusses the problems existing in the current business management of enterprise network information and chemical industry, and puts forward scientific coping strategies to cater to the society. According to the development situation, constantly innovate the development path of enterprise network information chemical business management, in order to provide reference for related majors.
Research on the Current Situation and Strategy of Take-out Garbage Disposal in College Campuses under the Concept of Green Development
Authors: Yin Congcong , Zhang Xinyuan , Shen Hui , Wang Ting
Published: September 2022

With the development of the Internet, take-out ordering has become the first choice for more and more college students, but the current take-out garbage mixed with domestic garbage greatly hinders the green disposal of garbage. As a gathering place for cultivating talents, colleges and universities should become the forerunners in the reasonable disposal of take-out garbage. Through questionnaires, on-the-spot investigations, etc., this project conducts in-depth research on the reasons why college students order takeaways, how to deal with take-out garbage, and the problems existing in the classification of take-out garbage in colleges and universities, and puts forward sustainable and green improvement suggestions in order to change The current situation of take-out garbage disposal on campus reduces the burden of urban garbage disposal and provides a new way for major universities to deal with take-out garbage.
Modified Flower Pollination Algorithm based Resource Management Model for Clustered IoT Network
Authors:   School of Science, Engineering  Environment, University of Salford, UK, Gaber Tarek ,   Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 807618, Taiwan,   School of Information Science and Technology, Sanda University, Shanghai 201029, China,   College of Computer Engineering and Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia, Shieh Chin-Shiuh , Lin Yuh-Chung , Masmoudi Fatma
Published: September 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) is a technological innovation that defined interaction and computation of latest period. The objects of Internet of Things would empower by embedded gadgets whose limited sources has to be managed effectively. IoT usually means a network of devices connected through wireless network and interacts through internet. Resource management, particularly energy management, becomes a serious problem while devising IoT gadgets. Numerous researchers stated that routing and clustering were energy effectual solutions for optimum resource management in IoT setting. This study introduces a Modified Flower Pollination Algorithm based Resource Management (MFPA-RMM) model for Clustered IoT Environment. The presented MFPA-RMM model majorly focuses on the clustering the IoT devices in such a way that the resources are proficiently managed. The MFPA-RMM model is derived based on the fuzzy c-means (FCM) with FPA. The FPA approach is called heuristic algorithm has benefits of global optimization and faster convergence, therefore it was incorporated to FCM system for resolving the advantages and disadvantages of FCM method termed FCM-FPA mechanism. The result analysis of the MFPA-RMM model reported the enhanced performance of the MFPA-RMM model over other well-known techniques like LEACH and TEEN.