bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reading Habits and Attitude among the Seminar Librarians of University of Karachi
Authors: Siddiqui Rafat Parveen , Hussain Farhat , Rahim Sana , Asfreen Nazeeha
Published: February 2022

Reading is the most valuable among many habits of man. Some feel it as a source of pleasure and enjoyment and some consider it a wearisome activity. While a large number of people believe that it is need of time. This paper seeks to appraise the reading habits and attitude of seminar librarians of University of Karachi, Pakistan in terms of time, purpose, material and language. It is also an effort to know the Seminar Librarian’s attitudes towards reading. To collect data, a questionnaire consists of three parts; personal information, reading habits, and reading attitude was designed and distributed among the targeted population. The collected data was analyzed and the result of findings is presented in the form of tables. From the total of 50 questionnaires distributed, 44 representing 88% were filled and returned. The findings show that majority of the seminar librarians having interest to read but not in form of printed book instead on internet. Only 36% librarians considered reading as source of enjoyment.
The impact of cultural drivers on trust: A multi-level study of self-importance, idealism and unethical marketing behavior
Authors: Mehreen Atya
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to find the impact of culture drivers on trust a multilevel study of self-importance, idealism and unethical marketing behavior. It is precisely explore the role of cultural drivers in developing ethical ideology and the association between the consumer’s ethical ideology and his or her perception concerning the unethical marketing behavior of firms. This study based on qualitative approach and survey conducted on 350 consumers that are having age 18 and above with random sampling method. The item was derived from two sources and that are measured on five point likert scale. Data were collected randomly from general public of Karachi. The structural equation modeling equation is used to test the hypothesized relationship among the variables of the model. The study established the individualism is essential in developing self-importance attitude as well as power distance is importance for lead to idealistic attitude. Self-importance is detected to have positive relationship with the unethical marketing behavior and idealism was found to have negative relationship with unethical marketing behavior. The element of unethical marketing behavior is price and promotion has positive relationship with trust.
Contribution of Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi for Originating the Punjab Muslim Student Federation and its manifesto of "Pakistan Khilaphat Scheme"
Authors: Rizvi Shahid Hassan , Ahmad Saeed
Published: February 2022

During the movement for Pakistan, the students played a crucial role. Particularly the efforts of students of Punjab contributed to turn the politics of Punjab, which was totally in the hand of Unionist Party and its landlords and Anglo-nabob leadership, in the favor of All India Muslim League. Mr. Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi, one of the founder members of the Punjab Muslim Students Federation drafted the manifesto of ‘khilaphat-e-Pakistan’ for ‘The Punjab Muslim students Federation’. With this, the Federation became the vanguard of All India Muslim League in Punjab. Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah had also soft corner for the students of Punjab due to their selfless and zealous work. This article explores Mr. Niazi’s efforts for establishing the Punjab Muslim Students Federation and induction of khilaphat-e-Pakistan Scheme. For this historical research, data collected is mainly through primary sources and from some secondary sources. Mostly, the data is collected through National Archives, Islamabad, National Documentation Centre, Islamabad, Dayal Singh Library, Lahore museum and through different libraries.
Determinants of transgender job satisfaction: Measuring the validity and reliability of the constructs
Authors: Yousuf Adnan , Khan Naveed R
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to establish as well as examine the validity and reliability of the instrument to measure the perception of working transgender job satisfaction. The instrument was adopted and adapted from the authentic sources and was distributed among 48 working transgender. The content and face validity was analyzed by experts of field and internal construct validity was measured. The reliability of instrument was measured by internal consistent reliability through alpha coefficient along with intra-class correlation coefficients. Construct validity was measured by analyzing convergent and discriminant validity. Moreover, criterion-related validity was measured through correlation coefficients and internal construct validity was also analyzed by inter-item correlations and co- variances. The inter-item correlation for the variables used in the study shows each item of the study correlates to all other items. All the items correlate with one another, though there are some lower values as well representing that those items have low correlation with each other but are considered acceptable. Statistical analysis suggested that test measures for constructs are reliable with the researchers’ comprehension of the nature of factors. All items met the level of acceptability. Hence the results suggested that adapted instrument is valid and reliable in context of the social lab selected in Pakistan and a large scale analysis can be done though this instrument.
Topologies of Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Transimpedance Amplifier
Authors: Parihar Sarika , Singh Vineeta , Niranjan Vandana
Published: February 2022

In this paper, a similar investigation of various CMOS amplifier has been introduced. Standard gadget boundaries of transimpedance enhancer like input referred noise, power dissipation is considered and thought about. Here, the transimpedance amplifier is partitioned based on its geography and gadget innovation utilized, also execution is summed up to get the outline. The greater part of the investigation taken are performed on 0.18um technology.
PENGARUH MENDENGARKAN MUSIK TERHADAP MOOD BELAJAR PADA MAHASISWA MANAJEMEN DAKWAH UIN SUSKA RIAU
Authors: Izzah Lailatul Izzah
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to study the picture of student learning atmosphere and to study the influence of musk in the learning atmosphere of the third semester students of Da'wah Management UIN Suska T.A. 2019/2020 Pekanbaru. The method used in this study is a field survey research using questionnaires, interviews and observations, data analysis techniques used in this study with descriptive techniques. The sample in this study denied 36 third semester students of Da'wah Suska Riau Management in the academic year 2019/2020 who had a mood in learning in the lace category. Data collection techniques in this study used a learning mood questionnaire, interviews, observation and documentation as supporting techniques. The results of this study found that 75% of students listen to music while studying work on college assignments and 25% of students listen to music when there is no lecture. 80% of students who listen to music have the same reason they listen to learning compilation music, which is so they don't get bored while studying, because their hobbies are listening to music and increasing their creativity in thinking, adding vocabulary. While 13.3% of students who listen to music have reason to listen to music while learning to make them calm. And a reasonable break listening to music while learning makes learning that can be learned easily, can eliminate nervousness and likes the singer. 80% of students who listen to music when learning to listen to a type of music that is glance (pop and k-pop).
TO THE ISSUE OF THE ULTIMATE PURIFICATION OF METALS
Authors: Kovtun G.P. , Solopikhin D.A. , Shcherban A.P.
Published: February 2022

The paper considers issues related to the ultimate content of impurity elements in metals in the processes of their refining by evaporation and distillation in vacuum, zone recrystallization and electromigration. It is shown that at all refining methods, with an increase in the number of refining cycles and the duration of the process, a “saturation effect” arises, associated with the achievement of the ultimate concentrations of impurity elements in refined metals. The reasons for the impossibility to produce absolutely pure metals have been discussed.
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCES OF THE PECLET NUMBER IN SUBLIMATION PROCESSES OF SIMPLE SUBSTANCES
Authors: Kravchenko A.I. , Zhukov A.I. , Datsenko O.A.
Published: February 2022

The results of calculating the Peclet number Ре = wr/(ρD) (where D is the diffusion coefficient; w is the evaporation rate of the substance; ρ is the density of the substance; r is the size factor) in sublimation processes of simple substances with high values of vapor pressure (≈ 1 mm Hg and above at the melting temperature): As, Gd, Tm, Lu, Cr, Yb, Sm, Mg, Ra, Ca, Sr, Ni, Co, Eu, Mn, Ba. It is shown that the nature of the temperature dependence Pe(T) is determined by the properties of the components of the sublimated system “base–impurity” (including the diffusion activation energy Q of impurity). For each substance for given Q and r, the dependence Pe(T) is monotonic. A decrease in the process temperature can improve the purification of a substance from one of several impurities, accompanied by deterioration in the purification from another impurity.
HIGH-FIELD FORMING OF TUNGSTEN SURFACE BY EVAPORATION IN LIQUID NITROGEN
Authors: Sadanov E.V. , Mazilov A.A. , Gordienko J.A. , Mazilova T.I. , Mikhailovskij I.M.
Published: February 2022

The basic obstacle to the application of the method of low-temperature field evaporation is the necessity of the creation of superhigh electric fields on the surface of the processing object. There are problems connected with the destruction of objects under the action of mechanical stress, generated by an electric field. In this contribution was shown that the phenomenon of high-field evaporation of metals in liquid nitrogen could be used for controlled forming of metal products with the sizes in a nanometer range used in modern nanotechnology. The evolution of microtopography was investigated by methods of field ion and electron microscopy and conventional methods of scanning electron microscopy. This contribution shows that as distinct from low-temperature evaporation in a high vacuum evaporation is observed here in a wide range of electric field strengths 4…57 V/nm. In the proposed treatment process the mechanical stress of the electric field falls as low as 20 kg/mm2. This value is less than the macroscopic strength by an order of magnitude.
THE MODEL OF DESCRIPTION OF EXTRACTION OF URANIUM-235 AND URANIUM-238 ISOTOPES COMPLEXES IN A SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE LAYER HEATED FROM BELLOW
Authors: Borts B.V. , Skoromnaya S.F. , Tkachenko V.I.
Published: February 2022

The models and analytical solutions for description of the extraction of 235U and 238U isotopes complexes in case of availability of water microdrops located both in a uniform temperature field and in a non-uniform temperature field of the heated from bellow horizontal layer of the supercritical carbon dioxide are suggested. It has been indicated that in a uniform temperature field the efficiency of supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide complexes of uranium isotopes reaches a maximum at the limit of water solubility in supercritical carbon dioxide. Theoretical calculations have demonstrated that the maximum concentration of 235U isotope complexes heated from below in a supercritical carbon dioxide layer reaches 1.2% and is observed near the lower layer boundary. The procedure for supercritical fluid extraction with carbon dioxide is described, in which the concentration of 235U isotope complexes in the supercritical fluid will be higher than the natural one.
Learnings for Tamil Nadu From Grid-Connected Agricultural Solar Photovoltaic Schemes in India
Authors: Pasupalati Naren , Magal Akhilesh , Subramanian Dhilon , Sriram Krishnan Deepak
Published: February 2022

Our paper studies the design and performance of three schemes Suryashakti Kisan Yojana (SKY) in Gujarat, Surya Raitha Scheme in Karnataka, and the Solar BLDC Pump Pilot in Andhra Pradesh—that predated the launch of KUSUM’s Component C in Tamil Nadu. The objective of this paper is to highlight the learnings from the schemes in these three states, which could prove useful to stakeholders in Tamil Nadu, especially discoms and the state’s Renewable Energy Development Agency in the lead-up to operationalizing Component C.
Soci-Demographic Factors Influencing Intestional Parasitic Infection among Children in Bauchi Local Government Area, Bauchi State
Authors:   College of Nursing Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH), Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria, Ahmadu Adamu,
Published: February 2022

The study was conducted to investigate the socio-demographic factors influencing intestinal parasite infection among children in Bauchi metropolis, Bauchi state. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of human intestinal parasite infection in the area of study, determine the influence of demographic of age of the infected children. Stool samples were collected from five hundred and sixty-two children. The samples were treated and examined microscopically for ova, cyst and eggs of intestinal parasite. The socio-demographic factorss were determined using questionnaire and anthropometric measurement. The result reveals that many children (28.11%) are infected with intestinal parasite. Ascaris lumbricoida, Trichuris trichura, Hookworms and eterobias vermicularis are the common prevailing parasites. While Giadia lamblia is the least common occuring parasite It was also discovered that there is no discrimination of infection among sexes. However, the infection is found to be more common among certain age group (0-4 years). It was concluded that the prevalence of intestinal parasite infection among children is increasing compared to previous studies and the increase is related to poor socio-demographic factors of the children. It is therefore, recommended that there is need to embark on health education on prevention and control measures of intestinal parasite and government should strengthen and support WHO program of providing free antihelminthes drugs to children.
An Approach to Manage Shweta Pradar – A Case Study
Authors: Srivastava Pragati , Singh Shashi
Published: February 2022

Acharya Manu has said that happiness of human needs proper care and respect of woman. So, to keep our society happy and healthy, proper care of woman is the most important thing. Shweta Pradar is one of the most common problems faced by woman in her day-to-day life. Slight discharges through vagina occur physiologically to keep the vagina moist but if discharges increase in amount or it comes with foul smell or with itching, it causes discomfort to the patient. Medications which are being used to treat Leucorrhea are unable in controlling its reoccurrence. Ayurvedic medications and localized procedures (Sthanik Chikitsa) have been proved like a boon in this field. Here, a case report of a female patient having complaints of thick white discharge P/V, burning in vaginal area, burning micturition, low back ache and constipation has been presented. She was advised for sthanik chikitsa. After taking patient’s consent, Yoni Prakshalana (vaginal wash) with Udumbaradi Kashaya and Yoni Pichu (vaginal tampon) with Udumbaradi Taila was done for 7 days after the cessation of menstrual flow. The procedure was done for the 3 consecutive cycles & the patient started feeling relief in symptoms from the very first cycle. Thus, through this study, the efforts have been done to through light on the importance of shtanik chiktsa in the field of Stri Roga (gynecological disorders).
Efficacy of Ayurveda Against Oral Submucous Fibrosis - A Case Study
Authors: Sharma Aparna , Kumar Ashok , Fiaz Shamsa
Published: February 2022

Oral Submucous Fibrosis is on a steady rise due to excessive use of betel nut chewing and tobacco consumption in various forms. Despite habit corrections, the fibrosis stays refractory and grossly hanoers the quality of life. Young Males being the most affected group, this condition has more reflects adversities beyond one's individual health. Ayurveda interventions show significant improvements in many symptoms. Gandush is such a local Panchakarma therapy. An elderly female, known case of OSMF was taken up at the NIA deemed to be University Hospital, Jaipur, assessed on a specially designed Case Record Proforma and administered Gandush therapy for 2 month & significant reduction in most symptoms recorded.
A Review on the Role of Naladadi Ghrita (A Polyherbal Medicated Ghee) in the Management of Jarajanya Medhakshaya (Age Related Deterioration of Intellect)
Authors: M.K Mridula , Ansary P.Y. , Oommen Sara Moncy , Shincymol V.V. , R Sethu
Published: February 2022

Ageing and related ailments especially mental health conditions imparts a greater burden in elderly population. Age related dementia including both memory loss and cognitive impairment is a leading contributor of disability. Due to the concern over safety of available pharmacological therapies many people with dementia turn to complementary medicine. Ayurveda, the Indian system of medicine recognises this condition as Medhakshaya (deterioration of intellect) and has given much emphasis on drugs which will promote Medha. Several rasayana drugs in ayurveda are primarily claimed as medhya since they have the ability of mental upliftment. Naladadi ghrita is such a formulation described in rasayana prakarana of Ashtanga hridaya and in this review we tried to analyse individual drug action and their synergetic action. Role of drugs in neuroprotection, learning and memory was analysed by electronic database search. And drugs were also reviewed by ayurveda parameters. Results of the review revealed the role of individual drugs in digestion and various brain functions. Combination of drugs may produce an extra therapeutic effectiveness by synergism and can be utilised for the treatment of various CNS disorders including jarajanya medhakshaya.
Clinical Application of Pariksa: An Ayurvedic Perspective of Examination
Authors: Sharma Durgesh Nandini , Yadav Chhaju Ram , Sharma Brahm Dutt
Published: February 2022

An attempt has been made to explain the clinical significance of Pariks for fulfillment of the aim of Ayurveda, both in prevention and cure as well as in field of research. Various Ayurvedic classics and research article related to Pariksa were collected and analyzed. Contemporary and recent research article regarding clinical examination were searched online from google scholar, PubMed, Medline Plus etc. Ayurvedic classics were searched for better understanding of concept. Examination of patient and disease is very important in clinical practice, as it forms basis for treatment. Concept of Dashavidha pareeksha described in Ayurveda is very much scientific in terms of understanding the span of life and strength of person with probable cause and strength of the disease.
Importance of Triguna in Healthy Lifestyle
Authors: Girdhar Shipra , Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Sharma Dinesh Chandra
Published: February 2022

Ayurveda the most ancient science of life, practiced in India for thousands of years based on its own unique fundamental principles such as prevention of disease, maintenance of health and promotion of health. Trayopasthambaconsists of Ahara (food), Nidra (Sleep) and Brahmacarya (good conducts). EachUpasthambahas its own importance in the prevention of disease. Various ancient texts of Yoga, Ayurveda and Puranas talk about the Gunas related to health, behavior and its effect of the personality in different ways.The concept of Gunadates back to Atharvaveda, it was discussed in Bhagawad Gita.The concept of Trigunahas been utilized to explain the concept of personality in modern era as well. The development of consciousness is apparently rooted in this concept of Triguna. These are known as sattvacalled as stability; Rajascalled as activation and Tamascalled as inertia. By quantifying those differences in thoughts, one can come to a conclusion where Gunasas a part of personality trait can be studied as aetiology for being diseased or disease free. It helps in building an individual’s personality, depending upon the predominance of Gunas (Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas). Ancient Yogic science classified food in to three basic categories called the SatvikAhara, RajasicAharaand Tamasic Aharabased on their influence on Triguna of mind. In equilibrium, the three Gunas preserve the mind (and indirectly the body), maintaining it in a healthy state or in a state of equilibrium. Any disturbance in this equilibrium results in various types of mental disorders.
Integrated Approach of Yoga and Naturopathy for Longevity -A review
Authors: Sethi Meena Kumari , P. Yogi Rajendra
Published: February 2022

Yoga & Naturopathy plays an important role in maintaining proper health and in preventing the ageing process. Several systems of Yoga & Naturopathy have been developed over the years. The most popular & ancient among them are yogic & Naturopathy therapies. Yoga is a means of attaining perfect health by maintaining harmony and achieving optimum functioning on all three levels physical, mental and spiritual through complete self-control. It improves circulation and energies and stimulates major endocrine glands of the body. Yogic exercises promote health and harmony and their regular practice helps prevent and cure many common ailments. Natural healing started giving a new life to the people of new age. Combined with the goodness of nature and exclusive healing principles, Yoga & meditation the health ailments leading to optimal health and wetness in a long run. Naturopathic treatment is a combination of natural remedies, herbs, meditation, yoga and modifications in the life style.
Effect of Garbha Samgari in Production for Healthy Child
Authors: Singh Pankaj Kumar , Singh Lalima , Verma Mithilesh
Published: February 2022

Ayurveda is one of the most ancient systems of medicine in the world. At present time, the existence of everything has been proved practically and scientifically. So, Ayurveda needs a deep study and research for proving all the facts established by Acharya in ancient time. In Ayurveda, the concept of Garbha & Garbhotpatti is described systematically. Acharya have explained four important factors as Garbha Sambhav Samagri that is Ritu, Kshetra, Ambu and Beeja. These factors are very essential for conception. Infertility may occur if there is any abnormality in Garbha Sambhav Samagri. So, for a healthy and best offspring the factors concerned with conception must be in good qualities. The knowledge of Garbhotpatti helps to create suitable conditions for conception and healthy foetus also. This study will help to understand the normal and abnormal features of Garbha Sambhav Samagri in production of a healthy child.
An Audit of the effect of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Treatment in patients with non-union of long bone fractures
Authors: Janjua Fateh Ali , Obada Hasan  , Fatima Abbas Naqvi  , Sarosh Madhani  , Masood Umer
Published: February 2022

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes, clinical and radiological application of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 alone versus Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 with autograft in long bone non-unions.
Methods: A prospective review of patients was done with fracture non-union admitted to Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2016 to January 2019. The patients were divided into two groups; those exposed to Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 alone in group 1, and those exposed to Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 plus autologous graft in group 2.
Results: Background characteristics of both the groups were analysed. Patients were followed up at 6 and 12 weeks through their medical records. The primary outcome was postoperative union at 6 weeks or 12 weeks. Union was defined by having the clinical union as well as the radiological union at the same time of assessment. Of the 80 patients enrolled, 13(16.25%) were excluded, and 5(6.25%) were lost to follow-up. The final sample had 62(77.5%) patients; 35(56.5%) in group 1, and 27(43.5%) in group 2. Union at 6 weeks was observed in 13(21%) patients; 8(62%) in group 1, and 5(38%) in group 2. Union at 12 weeks was observed in 38(61%) patients; 20(53%) in group 1, and 18(47%) in group 2.
Conclusion: Results showed that using the adjuvant treatment alone was not worse than using it along with bone autologous graft.
Key Words: Fracture, Non-union, Trauma, Bone-graft.
Effects of breathing re-education on clinical outcomes in patients with nonspecific chronic neck pain
Authors: Anwar Sahreen , Syed Asadullah Arsalan  , Ashfaq Ahmad  , Hamayun zafar  , Syed Amir Gillani  , Asif Hanif
Published: February 2022

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of breathing re-education with routine physical therapy. This mixed method study was conducted at the District Headquarter Hospital Faisalabad, Faisalabad from April 2020 to July 2020. Fourteen participants (6men and 8 women) with chronic neck pain were recruited over a 16-week period and were equally divided into breathing re-education and routine physical therapy groups. The mean age of the patients was 38.48± 5.92 years. Feasibility outcomes were recruitment, randomisation and retention rates of the participants. Clinical outcomes assessed for full trial were neck pain, cervical ROM, strength and endurance of neck muscles, quality of life and pulmonary functions. Outcomes were measured at baseline, fourth and eighth weeks.
All the participants completed all the treatment sessions. No adverse events were reported. The breathing re-education group showed significant improvement in clinical outcomes. The results of this feasibility study provide supporting evidence for a future large-scale trial. Breathing re-education appears to be an effective treatment for chronic neck pain.
Keywords: Neck pain, Respiration, Re-education
Total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT) in management of mycosis fungoides: a case series
Authors: Sehrish Abrar  , Bilal Mazhar Qureshi  , Asim Hafiz  , Nasir Ali  , Agha Mohammad Hammad Khan  , Ahmed Nadeem Abbasi
Published: February 2022

In Aga Khan University, a retrospective review was conducted from January 2013-December 2020 for patients who received Total Skin Electron Beam Therapy (TSEBT) for the management of Mycosis Fungoides (MF). The clinical response rate and disease-free interval (DFI) was evaluated for three patients. All of the patients received a 3600 cGy dose of radiation. Clinical complete remission (cCR) was observed in two out of three patients, while one patient showed clinical partial response. Following the cCR to TSEBT, the DFI of the first patient with stage 1B lasted 30 months, while the second patient with stage IIB remained disease free for five months. TSEBT is an effective treatment for MF disease.
It can thus be expected that patients with limited disease in the early stage can acquire a cCR with a longer DFI.
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Prevalence of vocal tract discomfort in patients with voice disorders
Authors: Nawaz Saffa , Shahid Nameeka , Mumtaz Nazia , Saqulain Ghulam
Published: February 2022

Objective: To analyse the prevalence of vocal tract discomfort in patients with voice disorders.
Method: The analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan, from September 2020 to January 2021, and comprised voice disorder patients of either gender aged 18-65 years enrolled from Mayo Hospital, Sheikh Zayed Hospital and Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. The Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale was used for data-collection. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: Of the 137 patients, 68(49.6%) were males and 69(50.4%) were females. The overall mean age was 36.36±12.47 years. The most affected age group was 18-33 years 70(51.1%) while those aged 50-65 years were the least affected 28(20.4%). The most common VTD symptom was dryness with mean frequency 3.48±1.97 and mean severity 3.36±1.99, followed by irritation 2.88±2.08 and 2.88±2.12, and lump in the throat 2.42±2.27 and 2.31±2.23, respectively.
Conclusion: Dryness, irritation and a lump in the throat were the most common symptoms of vocal tract discomfort.
Keywords: Dysphonia, Vocal tract discomfort, Voice disorders.
Black Fungus: a rising consternation among COVID patients presented in tertiary care hospital in Islamabad-PIMS
Authors: Khan Manza Maqsood , Syed Ansab Hasnain  , Altaf Hussain  , Malik Jawad Faisal
Published: February 2022

For almost one and a half year the world is facing the pandemic called COVID-19, which is an acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2). This disease has already engulfed many lives and has not been tamed so far. Physicians all over the world still, trying to get a hold of this global health issue, are faced with another life-threatening challenge associated with COVID-19, called black fungus-Mucormycosis.  Within a span of few weeks, we have encountered three cases of black fungus in our institute which has stirred a serious concern among physicians in Pakistan.
Keywords: Mucormycosis, Black fungus, COVID-19, Pandemic.
Mengenal pasti Faktor Personaliti ‘Big Five’ Terhadap Prestasi Pembelajaran: Satu Kajian Sistematik
Authors: Zali Zawiyah , Surat Shahlan Bin
Published: February 2022

Tret personaliti ‘big five’ diterima pakai dalam semua kajian personaliti yang terlibat dalam kajian psikologi sosial dan telah menghasilkan banyak artikel yang meliputi aspek psikologi, sains pendidikan, teknologi dan pelbagai aspek yang lain. Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk melakukan tinjauan secara sistematik terhadap perhubungan antara tret personaliti ‘big five’ dan pencapaian akademik pelajar. Selain daripada itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tret personaliti yang paling dominan mempengaruhi pencapaian akademik pelajar. Melalui enjin carian pangkalan data Science Direct, dua puluh artikel kajian yang menepati kriteria pemilihan telah dipilih. Hasil daripada analisis menunjukkan bahawa tret kehematan merupakan tret personaliti yang paling mempengaruhi pencapaian akademik pelajar. Manakala tret neurotisme merupakan tret personaliti yang paling tidak memberi kesan terhadap pencapaian akademik pelajar.
Communicating Movement Control Order during Covid-19: A Framing Analysis of News Portal and Instagram
Authors: Wan Mohd Ghazali Wan Norshira , Osman Noor Dzuhaidah , Abdul Shukor Syahirah
Published: February 2022

Movement Control Order (MCO) was implemented in Malaysia on March 18, 2020, to contain the spread of Covid-19. The mass media has played a great role in communicating the new restrictions and orders that regulated many public activities. All relevant channels including social media were employed by the mass media to ensure everyone was aware of the new norms. This study chooses Berita Harian, a Malay language newspaper, and examines its news portal and Instagram posts to explore the communication of standard operating procedure (SOPs) messages related to MCO as issued by the National Security Council (NSC) of Malaysia. Quantitative content analysis was used to explore the portrayal of SOPs using message styles and interactive elements. Initial results revealed that Berita Harian’s news portal still placed great importance on the text and non-narrative elements accompanied by photos to educate and influence the public about the rules related to SOPs. While on Instagram, videos were used dominantly that are visually more attractive, engaging, and narrative in nature. The study argued that the discussion of framing can be extended by emphasising interactive elements as the aspects of coverage that can contribute to the way an issue is framed. In conclusion, Instagram should be regarded as an important platform for media to reach out to more incidental users in communication messages related to Covid-19 MCO.
Empowering Development in the 21st Century: Energy – Growth – Environment Nexus in the Asia Pacific Region
Authors: Acuin Samantha Alyssa J. , Cabral Mikaela Nicole S. , Cabauatan Ronaldo R.
Published: February 2022

This paper explores the dynamic nexus of non-renewable and renewable energy consumption, economic growth, urbanization, and FDI and its impact on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for thirteen (13) selected countries in the Asia Pacific region from 1960-2019 using panel OLS, cointegration, panel EGLS, cross-dependence tests, and pairwise granger causality tests. Empirical results proved the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) and corroborate the subsistence of the Energy-Environmental Kuznets Curve (E-EKC) for thirteen (13) selected countries in the Asia Pacific region. Results from the pairwise granger causality test supported the conservation and neutrality hypothesis among the selected countries wherein the former showed a unidirectional causal relationship running from real GDP per capita to non-renewable energy consumption (GDP→NEC). Finally, this study provided possible recommendations to policymakers in developing effective carbon emission reduction and energy efficiency strategies for a sustainable economy to foster.
Bumiputera Graduate Entrepreneurs in Describing Social Status and Their Social Status Attainment Experience
Authors: Mohd Razalli Nur Liyana Yasmin , Abdul Kadir Mohd Ali Bahari
Published: February 2022

Social status is essential to every individual whether they may or may not be aware of it and admit the importance of social status in their lives. Even in the case of Bumiputera graduates entrepreneurs, they acknowledged that social status is beneficial in businesses although some of them were reluctant to admit the importance of social status. That is not surprising because the Bumiputera has a culture of communicating indirectly. Being too honest is considered insensitive or rude. Interviews with seven Bumiputera graduate entrepreneurs in Klang Valley found that they have other ways to describe social status. To them, social status represents their view of themselves, their feeling of satisfaction, and the attention given to them. These elements change according to their achievements or failures in their lives. The model of social status attainment experience by the Bumiputera graduate entrepreneurs is also illustrated in this paper.
GAZETE KARİKATÜRLERİNDE HEGEMONYA VE RIZA ÜRETİMİ: SALİH MEMECAN KARİKATÜRLERİ
Authors: DAŞAR Emre
Published: February 2022

Karikatürün doğasında protest bir eğilimin yattığı yönünde yaygın bir kanı bulunsa da, siyasi iktidarların kitleler üzerinde tahakküm oluştururken ve kitleleri kendi eylemlerine rıza göstermeye ikna ederken başvurdukları yollardan birisi de gazetelerin ilk ya da iç sayfalarında yayımlanan karikatürler üzerinden kamuoyu oluşturmalarıdır. Gazete ve dergilerin haber metinleriyle, fotoğrafla; televizyonların görüntüyle, sesle; internetin yazılı ve görsel tüm mesaj aktarma olanaklarıyla ama muhakkak dili kullanarak oluşturduğu söylemi karikatürler dilin cisimleşmiş görüntüsüyle yaratmaktadır. Zihinde yaratılmak istenen algı, karikatüre yüklenmiş simge, sembol ve mitlerle başarılmaktadır. Karikatür, dar bir alanda çizginin gücüyle yoğun bir anlam üretme aracıdır. Okur-yazar olmayan okuyucunun/izleyicinin bile tüketebildiği bir medya ürünüdür. Geniş kitleler tarafından günlük gazetelerde takip edilebildiği gibi, rüştünü ispat etmiş bir tür olarak kimi gazete ve dergilerin içeriğini tek başına oluşturabilmektedir. Kitle iletişim araçlarının geniş kitlelere ulaşmayı olanaklı kılan doğası, bu araçlardaki medya ürünlerinin siyasi iktidarlar tarafından yönlendirilmesini de beraberinde getirmiştir. Medya, siyasi iktidarlara yönelik bir eleştiri aracı olduğu kadar aynı zamanda iktidarlar için bir rıza üretim aracı olarak da iş görmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Sabah gazetesinin ilk sayfasında yer alan “Bizimcity” adlı köşesinde gündeme ilişkin konuları çizgileriyle yorumlayan Karikatürist Salih Memecan’ın 60. hükümet dönemindeki karikatürleri incelenmiştir. Memecan’ın “2010 Anayasa Değişikliği Referandumu”, “Ergenekon Davası”, “Türban Sorunu” olarak belirlenen üç konuya ilişkin karikatürleri üzerinden, göstergebilimsel çözümleme yöntemi kullanılarak iktidar hegemonyasının inşası ve bu hegemonyaya gösterilecek toplumsal rızayı üretme gayreti okunmaya çalışılmıştır.
Oral Thin Films: A Multi – Faceted Drug Delivery System
Authors: Sanap Dhanashree P. , Mhatre Uddhav S. , Sheth Rugved R.
Published: February 2022

The most popular route of administration is oral route because of low cost and better patient compliance. Tablets and capsules are
the most popular dosage forms taken through oral route, but many pediatric & gediatric patients find it difficult to swallow and do
not take their medicines as prescribed. To overcome these difficulties, several fast-dissolving oral thin film drug delivery systems are
developed. This is convenient and straightforward to use compared to other delivery types like orally disintegrating tablets. When
thin film is kept on tongue, it disintegrates and dissolves in very less time without intake of water so it is easy to swallow and most
convenient for patients. This review will give the overview of advantages & disadvantages of oral thin film technology, ideal
characteristics of drug to be selected, manufacturing processes, novel technologies, polymers used & evaluation of oral thin films.
Novel Approaches in Herbal Cosmetics: An Overview
Authors: Dube Minal , Agarkar Sakshi , Kharwade Rohini
Published: February 2022

Herbal elements are more first ¬line than the chemical bones due to their easy vacantness and minor side personal effects. Herbal
utterances always have attracted considerable attention due to their good exercise and Herbal cosmetics manufactured and used for
diurnal purpose include herbal detergents, moisturizers, stain etc. comparatively minor or nil side movables with synthetic medicines.
The synthetic beauty product can irritate your skin and effect papules. they could block your pores and make your skin dry or gushy.
With herbal cosmetics, one needn't worry about these. The herbal constituent used assure no side effect. unaccustomed herbal mill
constituents in multihued statements like hairdressing, hair gels, face packs, face creams have proved to be favourable than the
statements containing solely chemical elements. These unaccustomed constituents have helped within the breakthrough of beauty
also because the health of a private. Unaccustomed approach of delivering herbal medicines will increase the efficaciousness and
safety of herbal medicinals along side the increased stability of the medicine product. Hair cosmetics containing constituents of
natural origin give smoothness, lustre to the hair and help within the treatment of varied hair problems like dandruff, alopecia,
baldness and lots of else.
БАСТАУЫШ СЫНЫП ОҚУШЫЛАРЫН ТӘРБИЕЛЕУ ҮРДІСІНДЕ ОТБАСЫ МЕН МЕКТЕПТІҢ ӨЗАРА ӘРЕКЕТТЕСТІГІ (FAMILY AND SCHOOL INTERACTION IN THE PROCESS OF EDUCATION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS)
Authors: Ansabayeva Aynur , Maylybayeva Gulmira
Published: February 2022

Қазіргі отбасылар сапалы жаңа және қайшылықты әлеуметтік жағдайда дамуда. Бір жағынан, қоғамның отбасы проблемалары мен қажеттіліктеріне бет бұруы байқалады, бала тәрбиесіндегі оның маңыздылығын нығайту және арттыру үшін кешенді мақсатты бағдарламалар жасалып, жүзеге асырылады. Екінші жағынан, отбасылық проблемалардың шиеленісуіне әкелетін процестер байқалады. Бұл, ең алдымен, көптеген отбасылардың өмір сүру деңгейінің төмендеуі, балалардың психикасына теріс әсер ететін ажырасулар санының өсуі, толық емес және бір балалы отбасылар санының көбеюі. Демек, қазіргі қиын жағдайда отбасына мектеп тарапынан жүйелі және білікті көмек қажет. Мұғалімдер мен ата-аналардың өзара әрекеттесу үрдісінде ғана оқушының жеке басын дамыту мәселесін сәтті шешуге болады. Қазіргі мектептің міндеті – отбасында адамға деген қызығушылықты сақтау және дамыту. Тәрбиешілер ата-аналарға баланың табиғи келбетін көруге көмектесуі керек. Оның дамуын байқауға үйрету. Ағымдағы өзгерістердің заңдылықтарын түсіну. Осы негізде ғана отбасы мен мектептің оқу мен тәрбие процесінде тиімді өзара әрекеттесуі мүмкін.
Бұл мақалада зерттеулерге талдау жасалынып, оқушыларды тәрбиелеу бойынша отбасы мен мектептің бірлескен жұмысының негізгі мәселелері, проблемалары айқындалды, осы өзара байланыстың мақсаттары, міндеттері, мүмкіндіктері, бағыттары, педагогикалық шарттары, мазмұны мен нысандары анықталды
Brief aan de redactie: reactie op het artikel ‘De distributie van kaliumjodidetabletten: hoe goed is België voorbereid op een nucleair incident?'
Authors: Mortelmans L.J.M. , De Cauwer H.
Published: February 2022

Letter to the editor as a reaction to the following article: ‘The distribution of potassium iodide tablets: is Belgium prepared for a nuclear incident?’

Vindevogel et al. describe in their study the limited preparedness for nuclear incidents of the Belgian population and pharmacies.

By means of previous studies, we want to illustrate that the knowledge and preparedness of professionals committed to treat victims of nuclear incidents are also limited. They as well have an unjust great belief in the power of potassium iodide tablets. The knowledge on the use of personal protective equipment, decontamination and radio detection is limited, and the self-estimated capacity to deal with these kinds of incidents is low. When checking the Belgian hospitals, we also found a limited nuclear preparedness and a low willingness to work under such circumstances.

As we have multiple nuclear installations on our soil with some just across our borders, given the fact that we are a European crossroad for all kinds of traffic ánd with the imminent threat of terror attacks with the possible use of a dirty bomb, we believe it is justified to highlight these findings.
OUT-OF-POCKET HEALTHCARE PAYMENTS AND IMPOVERISHMENT AMONG MIGRANT ADOLESCENT FEMALE HEAD PORTERS IN GHANA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Alatinga K. A. , Kanmiki E. W. , Abiiro G. A.
Published: February 2022

Direct out-of-pocket (OOP) payments for healthcare can have devastating effects on vulnerable populations leading to impoverishments. Ghana’s National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) aims to remove financial hardships associated with seeking healthcare. However, there are concerns that vulnerable sections of the population still face healthcare-related financial hardships. This paper examines the impoverishing effects of OOP healthcare payments and the determinants of impoverishment due to OOP healthcare payments among migrant adolescent female head porters aged 10-19 years in Ghana. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was administered to a sample of 336 respondents who reported ill and sought healthcare within the last 12 months, January-December 2015, prior to the survey in 2016. Impoverishment due to OOP payment was assessed by computing the net income after payment for health care using the World Bank’s poverty line of income of $1.90 a day converted to 2015 purchasing power parity (PPP) equivalence for Ghana. The results illustrate that poverty incidence increased from 23 percent before OOP payment to 76 percent post OOP payment for healthcare. In a multivariate analysis, primary education [AOR=0.32, 95%CI=0.15-0.68]; Mamprusi (AOR=0.41, 95%CI=0.19-0.87) and other ethnic groups [AOR=0.33, 95%CI=0.14-0.75] compared to Dagomba; >1year in head portage (AOR=0.46; 0.23 - 0.95); drug store (AOR=0.43, 95%CI=0.19 - 0.96) and home treatment [AOR=0.20, 95%CI=0.05-0.85] were significantly associated with lower odds, whilst never registering for (AOR=4.05; 95%=1.82 - 9.03) or no valid NHIS card (2.29; 95%CI=1.08 - 4.83), Kumasi city [AOR=5.14; 95% CI:2.45-10.77] and severity of illness[AOR=2.86, CI 1.49-5.45] were associated with higher odds, of impoverishment due to OOP payment.. We recommend that the Ministries of Gender, Children and Social Protection and Health should collaborate to enrol adolescent female head porters onto the NHIS in order to increase their financial risk protection. Government should also put in place policy interventions including skills training and livelihood programmes to increase income levels, and improve the poverty situation of adolescent girl head porters.

Key Words: Impoverishment, out-of-pocket healthcare payments, adolescent girls, migrants, Ghana
NUTRITIONAL AND MATERNAL FACTORS INFLUENCING POSTPARTUM HAEMORRHAGE IN LAMBUSSIE DISTRICT
Authors: Taabia F. Z. , Mornah L. N. , Michael W.
Published: February 2022

Maternal excessive bleeding at birth continues to be a global public health challenge, particularly in poor resource settings. Postpartum haemorrhage has been linked to a high proportion of maternal deaths and disabilities at the institutional and community levels. Current data on postpartum haemorrhage is limited to institutional settings and does not consider the community experiences of mothers who suffer from postpartum haemorrhage.

This cross-sectional study assessed the nutritional and other maternal risk factors associated with postpartum haemorrhage at the community level. A total of 183 mothers were systematically sampled from six sub-districts. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. Multivariate logistic and regression models were estimated to assess the association between dependent and independent variables at a confident level of 95%. The results from the study showed that the prevalence of postpartum haemorrhage was 7.1% among the mothers interviewed in the study. Age groups (p
ESTRATÉGIAS PARA SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE EM ERROS DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Santos da Silva Déborah , Macedo Vieira Cristiane , Conceição Cavalcanti de Lira Maria da , Lopes Cruz Damázio Simara , Manoel da Silva Wellington , Araújo Gouveia Viviane de
Published: February 2022

OBJETIVO: Identificar na literatura estratégias eficazes na prevenção de danos e promoção da segurança do paciente na administração de medicamentos. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, a partir da questão norteadora: Quais as estratégias comprovadas na prevenção de danos e promoção da segurança do paciente no processo de administração de medicamentos? Os dados foram obtidos por meio da seleção de artigos pesquisados nas bases de dados: DOAJ, LILACS e SciELO, utilizando as palavras-chave: Cuidados de Enfermagem, Erros de Medicação e Segurança do Paciente. Foram incluídos, artigos publicados entre os anos de 2015 a 2020, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. E, excluídas, produções científicas que não estavam disponíveis na íntegra, que não abordaram o tema ou duplicadas em mais de uma base de dados. RESULTADOS: Foram analisados 33 artigos. Sendo vinte e sete produções brasileiras e, seis estrangeiras. Destes, trinta e dois escritos por enfermeiros, e um por médicos. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Diante das situações que podem fragilizar a segurança do paciente, tem-se trabalhado a fim de aumentar as medidas de promoção e prevenção na administração de medicamentos.
Rare genetic causes of meningitis and encephalitis
Authors: Moon Jangsup
Published: February 2022

Differential diagnosis of meningitis and encephalitis is often very challenging because it cannot be determined based on symptoms, and the diseases have various causes. This article explains rare genetic causes of meningitis and encephalitis. Autoinflammatory disorders include cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, familial Mediterranean fever, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome. Furthermore, other genetic disorders, such as complement factor I deficiency, phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class T mutation, and neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, can present as meningitis and encephalitis.