bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of genes polymorphisms of renin-angiotensine systems in population, athletes and elderly people
Authors: Glotov Andrey S , Glotov Oleg S , Moskalenko Mikhail V , Rogozkin Viktor A , Ivashchenko Tatyana E , Baranov Vladislav S
Published: September 2017

We analyzed AGT (M235T), ACE (I/D), AGTR1 (A1166C) genes polymorphisms of renin-angiotensine systems in population, athletes and elderly people by PCR/RFLP methods. It was shown increasing of M/T genotype of AGT gene in rowers compared with population group (46 and 34%, accordantly), I/D of ACE (55 and 48%, accordantly) and decreasing of A/C genotype of AGTR1 gene (38 and 51%). It was detected significantly increasing of M/T genotype of AGT gene elderly people compared with population group (56 and 34%, accordantly, x2=l 1,828, p=0,0006). The received data allow to make the assumption of a possible role renin-angiotensine systems in process of ageing and active physical working capacitу
Role of polymorphism in the CYP1A1, EPHX1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genes in the development of chronic occupation bronchitis
Authors: Akhmadishina Leisan Z , Korytina Gulnaz F , Mingazova Svetlana R , - - , Bakirov Akhat B , Victorova Tatyana V
Published: September 2017

Aim of this study was to investigate the possible roles of metabolic genes polymorphisms in the development and progression of chronic occupation bronchitis. The AG genotype of CYP1A1 gene has associated with increased risk of chronic occupation bronchitis (χ2 = 6,35, p = 0,01). The frequency of GG genotype of GSTP1 gene was significantly higher in patients (8,4% compared to control 2,0%, χ2 = 5,49, p = 0,02). The combination of AA genotype of CYP1A1 and GG genotype of GSTP1 have associated with increased risk of occupation bronchitis (χ2 = 4,66, p = 0,03; OR = 4,21).
The roles of genes of ksenobiotics biotransformation in the development of predisposition to the toxic heoatitis in workers workers exposed to hepthyle and ethylebenzene-styrene.
Authors: Kochetova Olga V , Victorova Tatyana V , Karimova Lilya K
Published: September 2017

Introduction: The aim of this study was to estimate the predisposition of influencing possible factors causing chemical induced abnormal liver function on the basis of studying genes encoding xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Methods: Genotyping of CYP1A1, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, EPHX1, NAT2 was performed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism on peripheral leucocyte DNA from 73 incident cases of toxic hepatitis, 163 «groups of risk» on development of a toxic hepatitis, 94 healthy workers and 335 controls.Results and conclusions: No significant association was found between a reference group and petrochemical workers when CYP1A1, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, EPHX1 genotypes were included in the analyses. Among workers was observed the increasing of frequency of a combination *4/*4 genes NAT2 compared with control group. Among the patients with a professional toxic hepatitis are established genetic markers of predisposition to development the disease: Ile/Val gene CYP1A1, Tyr/His gene EPHX1; combinations *4/*7 genes NAT2; and as slow phenotype microsomal epoxide hydrolase; combinations of genotypes IleVal/C1C1 of genes CYP1A1 and CYP2E1; combinations of slow phenotypes microsomal epoxide hydrolase and N-acetyltransferase-2. Our results suggest that genotype Ile/Ile of gene CYP1A1; genotype Tyr/Tyr of gene EPHX1; and as a normal phenotype microsomal epoxide hydrolase; a combination of genotypes IleIle/C1C1 of genes CYP1A1 and CYP2E1; a combination of genotypes IleIle/C1C1/CC/N of genes CYP1A1, CYP2E1, CYP2D6 and a normal phenotype microsomal epoxide hydrolase are protective variants. This study demonstrates a significant combined effect of phase I and phase II polymorphisms on the predisposition of professional pathology at workers exposed to hepthyle and ethylebenzene-styrene.
Quality of life and individual susceptibility of human genome. Whether there is an exit from a vicious circle?
Authors: Ingel Faina I
Published: September 2017

The review is devoted to analysis of the connection between parameters of quality of life, state of illness and individual susceptibility of human genome. It is demonstrated, that state of dysadaptation (nonadaptative stress, is describing by H. Selye as reduction of adaptive potential of an organism) for human can be developed both in result of influence of social and/or emotional factors and impact of toxic (genotoxic) chemicals. Using data of literature and results of own studies is shown, that the state of nonadaptive stress is characterized, besides other, an increased genome susceptibility to influence of complex of environmental factors. Thus, in real life is creates «vicious circle» of negative influences on human health: the emotional dysadaptation lead to the perception of social factors pressure as more grinding, what only increases dysadaptation of an organism; thus is creat predisposition to the diseases being the first targets of nonadaptive stress - illnesses of cardiovascular and neuro-immune-endocrinic system, and also to chronic diseases of a gastrointestinal; an action of environmental pollution on a background of the reduced adaptive potential is resulted in increasing of genome instability - therefore the complex of illnesses, including early ageing and cancer, can be developed. For the end are shown the data of literature on the connection between social structure in different countries and state of health of population living in them and is concluded that democratization of a society, respect of human rights and personal freedoms are one of effective ways of an exit from the vicious circle.
Structure-activity relationships of antimutagenic flavonoids
Authors: Mustafaev Orkhan N , Abilev Serikbay K , Melnik Viktor A , Tarasov Valentin A
Published: September 2017

Influence of structural features of molecules on antimutagenic activity of flavonoids is investigated. For this purpose the new principle of the description of dependence of biological activity of chemical compounds from their structure is used. It is based on use compound descriptors. It is established, that antimutagenic flavonoids contains C4 keto-group and doubl bond at positions C2 and C3, contains hydroxyl groups. Thus in structure of antimutagenic flavonoids can not be amino-and nitrogroups.
Chloroplast microsatellites in barley: the reduction of variability spectrum in cultivated forms
Authors: Lukhanina Natalia V , Sinyavskaya Marina G , Goloenko Inessa M , Davydenko Oleg G
Published: September 2017

The chloroplast genomes of 67 accessions of Hordeum vulgare L were surveyed for simple sequence repeat polymorphism. Seven SSR loci were investigated, trnL/trnF and psbI-trnS intergenic regions, as well as two regions 3' trnS genes were polymorphic. The rare variants of these loci were revealed and five rare accessions were found. Our results show an extremely low level of cpDNA polymorphism of cultivated barley.
Sensitivity of plant and bacterial test systems in detecting of mutagenic effects of oil pollution
Authors: Djambetova Petimat M , Reutova Nina V
Published: September 2017

The plant test system soybean (Glycine max. (L.) Merill) line T219 turned out to be more sensitive than standart Ames test for evaluation of the mutagenic effect of soil, contaminated by products of combustion and domestic cottage processing of oil. It is preferable to use plant test systems for such investigations because they are more sensitive, simple and inexpensive in comparison with microbial ones.
Functional State Of Photosynthetic System In Barley Alloplasmic Lines
Authors: Shimkevich Andrey M , Makarov V N , Goloenko Inessa M , Davydenko Oleg G
Published: September 2017

The peculiarities of photosynthetic system functioning in barley alloplasmic lines were investigated by PAM fluorimetry. The substitution of nuclear genome was shown to affect differently several photosynthetic parameters. The importance of the balance between nuclear and organelle barley genetic systems for the photosystem II functioning was demonstrated.
Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale Wigg. S.L.) Is A Convenient Object For Genetic Monitoring Of Environmental Pollution
Authors: Reutova Nina V , Djambetova Petimat M
Published: September 2017

It is proposed to use dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg. s.l.) for testing of mutagenic effects of environmental pollutants. This widespread species is convenient for genetic monitoring. It is sensitive to various types of pollutants (heavy metals, products of combustion and processing of oil). T. officinale appeared to be a convenient, simple in using and inexpensive object for genetic monitoring of environmental pollution. anaphase-telophase method is recomended for this purpose.
Binding Site For Glucocorticoid Receptor On DNA And Structural Variants Of Glucocorticoid Responsive Elements: Analysis Of GR-TRRd
Authors: Merkulov Vasiliy M , Merkulova Tatyana I
Published: September 2017

GR-TRRd section of TRRd database accumulates the largest out of currently published samples of nucleotide sequences that are experimentally proved to bind glucocorticoid hormone receptor (GR). This sample consists of 160 glucocorticiod receptor binding sites (GRbss) from vertebrate genes controlled by glucocorticoids. analysis of the sample has shown that the structure of only half of GRbss (54%) corresponds to traditional viewpoint about structural organization of glucocorticoid response element (GRE) as an inverted repeat of hexameric half-site sequence TGTTCT. 40% of GRbss contain only hexameric half-site. Notably, there exist experimental evidence about participation of most of these GRbss in glucocorticoid regulation. as a result of increasing the number of sequences in the sample of GRbss, we have specified the consensus of sites organized in a form of inverted repeat (palindromic GREs). On the basis of literature data several possible mechanisms of action of noncanonical GRbss containing hexameric half-sites in glucocorticoid induction are proposed.img src="http://elibrary.ru/pic/1pix.gif" /
Role Of WOX And KNOX Transcription Factors In Plant Development And Tumor Formation
Authors: Osipova Maria A , Dolgikh Elena A , Lutova Ludmila A
Published: September 2017

Homeodomain-containing transcription factors are the important regulators of multicellular organism's development. Plant transcription factors WOX and KNOX play the key role in meristem maintenance, controlling cell proliferation and preventing differentiation. The precise mechanism of WOX and KNOX action hasn't been well studied, however these transcription factors were shown to play the important role in plant hormones homeostasis, cytokinins in particular. Plant transcription factors of KNOX group demonstrate the similarities in structure and are supposed have the common origin with animal transcription factors of MEIS group. This review describes WOX and KNOX transcription factor families, their interaction with plant hormones. The role of homeodomain-containing transcription factors in plant and animal tumor formation is discussed.
Universal 16s rRNA Primers BD1 For Soil Microbial Community Analysis
Authors: Korostik Elisaveta V , Pinaev Alexander G , Akhtemova Gulnar A , Andronov Evgeniy E
Published: September 2017

New universal 16S rRNa primers were constructed and tested. These primers allow identifying correct taxonomic position of bacterial isolates and were shown to be useful in microbial community studies. The primers enable to detect the vast majority of unique 16S rRNa gene sequences. In the study 160 restriction types were found in 16S rRNa clone library (190 clones).
Part 2. Environmental Factors And Individual Features In System Of Evaluation Of Human Genome Instability. Additional Capability Of The Test The Technique For Cytogenetic Analysis
Authors: Ingel Faina I
Published: September 2017

The publication is the 2-nd and the last part of the review analyzing modern trends of the researches in micronuclear test on human blood lymphocytes, cultivated with cytochalasin B. using data of literature and own results the opportunities of application of the test for study association between parameters of genome instability and genetic polymorphism, adaptive response to gamma-irradiation and emotional stress expression are considered. The analysis of additional capability of the test - frequencies of cells with nuclear buds and nucleoplasmic bridge are presents. Finally, results of the international researches on harmonization of the data of the test and guidelines for evaluation genotoxicity of chemical compounds in vitro are described.
Genetic mechanisms of individual and cooperative adaptations
Authors: Provorov Nikolay A , Mylnikov Sergey V
Published: September 2017

The purpose of the course "Genetic mechanisms of individual and cooperative adaptation" (12 semester 18 hours) - is to provide students with a broad view in population mechanisms of the different types of adaptation. The problem of the course consists in benchmark analysis of the ways and mechanisms of the origin of these adaptations, as well as in their possible macroevolution consequence. The individual adaptation is considered on model of stressful influence on populations. Cooperative adaptation is considered basically on model of symbiosis, whose formation associates with origin of new traits, which greatly increase evolution potential of biological species. The course develops the knowledge obtained from prerequisite courses, such as "General genetics" "Symbiogenetics", "General ecology" and "Theory of evolution".
Applied aspects of ecological genetics
Authors: Bondarenko Ludmila V
Published: September 2017

The purpose of the present seminar is the discussion of actual problems of modern ecological genetics in applied aspect. The annually updated subject of the seminar is the one of developing directions of ecological genetics, which is offered to the students for discussion. Discussion of the reports prepared on materials of conferences, congresses, monographies, thesises is conducted. Several external excursions to scientific centers of the city are planed. The provisional list of seminar's themes is offered in the program of the present course
MICROSATELLITE POLYMORPHISM WITHIN TWO LAKE BAIKAL OILFISH SPECIES (COMEPHORUS LACEPEDE, 1801)
Authors: Teterina Veronika I , Sukhanova Lubov V , Kirilchik Sergey V
Published: September 2017

Intraspecific genetic polymorphism of a Baikal Lake endemic, big Baikal oilfish (Comephorus baicalensis Pallas, 1776), was evaluated based on microsatellite analysis. The obtained results have compared to the results received earlier for a little Baikal oilfish (C. dybowski Korotneff, 1905). Six microsatellite loci designed for the European sculpin, Cottus gobio, were used. Big Baikal oilfish samples were tested from the three Baikal trenches (southern, middle, northern). Average values of FsubST/sub and RsubST/subindexes between the samples did not exceed 0,02 that point to weak intraspecific genetic differentiation. Big Baikal oilfish had the smaller allele variety, the greater deficit of heterozygotes and presence of low-molecular alleles in comparison with little Baikal oilfish. The values of genetic differentiation were equaled FsubST/sub = 0,138 and RsubST/sub = 0,244 for all loci between cumulative samples of little and big Baikal oilfish. Analysis of microsatellite polymorphism has showed that both a big and little Baikal oilfishes are represented by single populations. The factor promoting panmixia within the Baikal oilfish species is apparently a passive transfer of juvenile and adult fishes by water currents.
Man of the Renaissance. To the memory of my friend (Veniamin Khudolei)
Authors: Artemova Tatiana
Published: September 2017

13 апреля 2007 года не стало Вениамина Викторовича Худолея (1945 -2007) - члена редколлегии нашего журнала, доктора медицинских наук, профессора, крупного ученого - специалиста в области канцерогенеза, и генетической токсикологии, охраны окружающей среды, члена объединенного научного совета «Экология и природные ресурсы» СПбНЦ РАН, зав. отделом экологической онкологии Института онкологии им. Н. Н. Петрова, академика Российской академии естественных наук, организатора и директора Центра независимой экологической экспертизы СПбНЦ РАН, председателя Санкт-Петербургского отделения Вавиловского общества генетиков и селекционеров, президента и вице-президента Международной федерации экслибриса. Это - потеря для науки, культуры в масштабах нашего города, страны и в международном масштабе. Мы потеряли друга - доброго и отзывчивого человека, для которого обязательность - качество, не часто встречающееся в наше время, было нормой бытия.
Genetic Control of Predisposition for Suicide
Authors: Tikhodeyev Oleg N
Published: September 2017

From multiple twin studies, it is known that predisposition for suicide significantly depends on the genotype, approximately for 30-50 %. Many laboratories search for the genes controlling this trait. In the present article, the obtained data are briefly reviewed. Suicidal behavior strongly associates with at least two polymorphisms: with short promoter of the SLC6a4 gene and 158Met haplotype of the CoMT gene. Moreover, the data observed lead to proposition that some manifestations of suicidal behavior are quite autonomous and therefore should be analyzed as separate traits. among them are completed suicide and its various simulations (non-lethal attempts), violent and non-violent forms of suicidal behaviour, as well as single and multiple attempts. otherwise, when suicidal behavior is analyzed in general, association approach is usually vain.
TOWARDS UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS OF EPIGENETIC REGULATION: PART 1. AN EVOLUTIONAL INSIGHT INTO PCG-MEDIATED GENE REPRESSION
Authors: Fedorova Elena M , Rodionov Alexander V
Published: September 2017

The evolutionary conserved PcG proteins maintain stable transcriptional epigenetic repression, established earlier by transiently acting regulator proteins. The exact mechanism of PcG-mediated repression is not identified yet, and here we outline existing models of the repression mechanism. We also shortly summarize the current knowledge about PcG proteins and their role in various processes and present an insight into the evolution of PRC1 and PRC2 complexes.
ENDOPHYTES: STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS IN CONTROL OF PLANT PATHOGENS
Authors: Berg Gabriele , M?ller Henry , Zachow Christin , Opelt Katja , Scherwinski Katja , Tilcher Ralf , Ulrich Andreas , Hallmann Johannes , Grosch Rita , Sessitsch Angela
Published: September 2017

Endophytes are an interesting group of plant-associated bacteria that live inside plants and show neutral or beneficial interaction with their host plants. The structure of bacterial communities in endophytic microenvironments of important crops (different cultivars of potato, lettuce, and sugar beet) and native plants (different bryophyte species) was analyzed by a multiphasic approach at different field sites in Europe. Interestingly, results of the cultivation-independent approaches using Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) and/or Terminal Restriction Fragments Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) of 16S rRNA genes amplified by universal as well as group-specific and functional primers revealed a high diversity and specificity of endophytic bacterial communities. The antagonistic potential of endophytic bacteria, which was determined by screening for in vitro antagonism against different pathogens (bacteria, fungi, protists, and nematodes) ranged from 5 to 43 %. An impressive, phylogenetically diverse spectrum of antagonistic strains was found. The indigenous antagonistic potential of endophytic bacteria was influenced by the plant genotype and developmental stage, the internal microenvironment, and the soil type. A screening strategy for biocontrol strains resulted in the selection of promising candidates. These strains were evaluated in greenhouse and field trials regarding their efficiency to control pathogens under in situ conditions. One product (RhizoStar®) on the basis of serratia plymuthica HRO-C48 to control Verticillium wilt on different host plants was developed. For other promising candidates likePseudomonas trivialis 3Re2-7 (B3) and serratia plymuthica 3Re4-18 (B4) a biological control strategy against the soil-borne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani will be established. These studies were funded by the Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft, the Ministry of Consumer Protection, Food and Agriculture (Germany) and by private industries (KWS SAAT AG, Strawberry farm Rovershagen, and Nor-ddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG, Ho-henlieth, Germany) by grants to G.B.
RAPD analysis the genome polymorphism Actinidia Lindley, (Actinidiacea), growing in the territory of Russia
Authors: Malaeva Elena V , Ryzhova Natalia N , Molkanova Olga I , Kochieva Elena Z
Published: September 2017

RAPD The RAPD analysis of biodiversity in Actinidia species grown in Russia has been performed. Genome variability levels of A. kolomikta, A. arguta, A. potygama species were 0.01-0.15, 0.05-0.12 and 0.02-0.07, respectively. The maximum genetic distances have been determined between A. kotomiktaand A. arguta accessions (0.29-0.40). Close relationship have been shown between A. girald//, A. purpurea and A. arguta accessions which was comparable to intaspecific diversity analyzed in Actinidiaspecies. For the first time genetic diversity in Russian Actinidia cultivars has been investigated.
RAPD-analysis of Fagopyrum species and cultivars genome polymorphism
Authors: Kadyrova Guzel D , Kadyrova Fanusya Z , Ryzhova Natalia N , Kochieva Elena Z
Published: September 2017

RAPD-analysis of biodiversity in cultivated annual buckwheat species Fagopyrum esculentum, F. tataricum and related species F. giganteum and F. cymosum has been performed. Close relationship between F. cymosum, F. giganteum и F. tataricum has been confirmed. Intraspecific genome variability of F. tataricum accessions (0,01-0,15) is lower than in F. esculentum (0,10-0,33). For the first time genetic diversity in Russian buckwheat cultivars has been investigated. The high level of genomic polymorphism in F. esculentum cultivars (0,10-0,29) that is comparable to the variability in natural populations is shown.
The genetic control of specificity of interactions between legume plants and nodule bacteria
Authors: Zhukov Vladimir A , Rychagova Tamara S , Shtark Oksana Y , Borisov Aleksey U , Tikhonovich Igor A
Published: September 2017

The genetic control of signal interactions between partners during formation legume-rhizobial symbiosis is examined. The ability of legumes to perceive the signal molecules (Nod-factors) excreting by nodule bacteria appears to be the base of these interactions. The diversity of receptor kinases in legume plants reflects the specificity of interactions with diverse strains of nodule bacteria.
Evaluation of mutagenic activity of the pesticides: actara, sencor, mospilan, pencozeb, fastac in the Ames test
Authors: Karamova Nazira S , Denisova Alexandra P , Stasevski Zenon
Published: September 2017

The mutagenic activity of five pesticides actara, sencor, mospilan, pencozeb, fastac widely used for treatment of potato plant lands in Tatarstan was tested in the Ames test. The non toxic concentrations of the pesticides determined in preliminary cytotoxicty test were used in the Ames assay. Pesticides actara, mospilan, pencozeb, fastac did not show mutagenic effect in Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 without rat liver S9 fraction. The weak mutagenic effect of herbicide sencor was established at concentration 1 ug/plate. Metabolic activation in vitro using rat liver S9 fraction decreased the mutagenic activity of sencor and did not alter the mutagenicity rate of the pesticides actara, mospilan, pencozeb and fastac.
«Ageingfeatures» analysis of IGF-1 and PGC-1 genes polymorphism
Authors: Potulova Svetlana V , Glotov Oleg S , Baranov Vladislav S
Published: September 2017

Our goal was to investigate whether a polymorphism in IGF-1 gene (wild-type, 192 base pairs) and in the PGC-1 gene (Gly482Ser polymorphism) influence life expectancy. Different distribution of IGF-1 (CA repeats) gene polymorphism was shown. Increasing of 20/- genotype in elderly people compared with newborn group (26,7 and 44,1 %, accordantly, ϰsup2/sup = 8,57, p = 0,0034) and decreasing of 19/19 genotype (51 and 27,9%, accordantly, ϰsup2/sup = 14,815, p = 0.0001) were founded. Furthermore, it was shown different distribution of IGF-1 (CA repeats) gene polymorphism in man and woman. It was detected increasing of 19/20 genotype in newborn man compared with newborn woman (23,2 and 11,3%, accordantly), and significantly increasing of 19/20 genotype in elderly man compared with elderly woman (44,4 and 21,1%, accordantly, ϰsup2/sup = 5,009, p = 0,025). A possible role of IGF-1 gene CA-polymorphism in ageing that is suggested. The prevalent Gly482Ser polymorphism of the PGC-1 gene has not been shown to be associated with life expectancy. It was detected increasing of Gly/Gly genotype in elderly woman compared with elderly man (51,0 и 27,3%, accordantly, ϰsup2/sup = 4,063, p = 0,0438). The joint contribution of IGF-1 gene and PGC-1 gene is involved in ageing between groups of newborn and elderly people (20%, 41,8%, accordantly, ϰsup2/sup = 4,858, p = 0,0275).
Genetic identification of the yeast Saccharomyces kudriavzevii from European population
Authors: Naumov Gennadiy I
Published: September 2017

Using genetic hybridization analysis we showed for the first time that Portuguese isolates belong to the biological species Saccharomyces kudriavzevii Naumov et al. (2000). Earlierthis species was described on Japanese isolates. Divergence of Portuguese and Japanese S. kudriavzevii populations, as well as different S. cerevisiae populations, on molecular galactose markers is discussed.
Polymorphism among Sinorhizobium meliloti isolates native to the origins of alfalfa diversity differed in soil-climate characteristics
Authors: Roumiantseva Marina L , Onishchuk Olga P , Belova Viktoriya S , Kurchak Oksana N , Simarov Boris V
Published: September 2017

Sinorhizoboium meliloti populations native to the 4 distinct gene centers (GC) of alfalfa were explored toward the tolerance to salinity, cryptic plasmid profiles and symbiotic properties. The significant correlations detected among nodule (N) and trapped (T) isolates related to the similar or distinct populations. more than 60 % N- and 77 % T-isolates tolerant to 3,5 % NaCl; salt tolerant N-isolates formed effective symbiosis with Medicago sativa and M. truncatula significantly more often. Isolates native to the GC area next to aral Sea had possessed the reduced level of salt tolerance in comparison with the isolates originated from Central asian, North-Caucasian and Europe-Siberian GC; that, has related to adaptation processes, which have ensured their viability in extremely salted soils.img src="http://elibrary.ru/pic/1pix.gif" /
Symbiotic activity of the alfalfa rhizobia (Sinorhizobium meliloti) strains with the genetically modified transport of dicarboxylic acids
Authors: Onishchuk Olga P , Vorobyov Nikolay I , Provorov Nikolay A , Simarov Boris V
Published: September 2017

Inactivation of genes involved in the dicarbyxylic acid transport in alfalfa rhizobia, Sinorhizobium meliloti (structural gene of succinate permease dctA and its transcriptional regulators dctBD, nifA, ntrA) resulted in the full or partial loss of Nsub2/sub-fixing activity while amplifications of these genes - in its improvement. It lead to the marked increases of N and C accumulation in alfalfa while its shoot mass was increased by a much lesser degree due to the incomplete N translocation from the roots. Factorial analysis suggested that dctABD amplification was important for improving the symbiotic efficiency in all trials while the effects of dctA, nifA and ntrA amplifications depend on the plant genotypes and growth conditions.
Ecological and genetic aspects of productivity and quality in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivars
Authors: Vakula Svetlana I , Koren Lidia V , Ignatovets Olga S , Titok Vladimir V , Khotyleva Lubov V
Published: September 2017

The article describes differences in a response of linseed cultivars of a different genetic and geographical origin to a set of ecological factors. Variability in productivity traits was revealed to be determined in most cases by a genotype and its interaction with growing conditions. The genotype and environmental conditions exert an equal effect on oil accumulation in seeds and its qualitative composition. Based on the data obtained from the linseed collection, the most ecologically stable genotypes, displaying steadily high seed productivity in combination with high content and quality of oil, were selected.
PVYNTN-CP coat protein gene mediated virus resistance of transgenic potato plants
Authors: Stasevski Zenon , Ilinskaya Olga N
Published: September 2017

PVYsup style="line-height:1.6em"NTN/sup-CP span style="line-height:1.6em"coat protein gene from a necrotic strain of potato virus /spanY (pvysup style="line-height:1.6em"ntn/sup) span style="line-height:1.6em"has been transferred into two potato /spanSolanum tuberosum L. span style="line-height:1.6em"cultivars /spanMindenes span style="line-height:1.6em"and /spanSomogyi kifli via Agrobacterium tumefaciens span style="line-height:1.6em"transformation. Expression of integrated PVY/spansup style="line-height:1.6em"NTN/supspan style="line-height:1.6em"-CP gene were confirmed for 33 (89 %) of 37 and 3 (75 %) of 4 kanamycin-resistant regenerants of potato cultivars Mindenes and Somogyi kifli respectively. The level of virus resistance against two virus strains /span(PVY°, PVYsup style="line-height:1.6em"NTN/sup) span style="line-height:1.6em"of independent lines of transgenic potatoes varied between extreme resistance to susceptibility. The three independent lines of transgenic potatoes proved to be extreme resistant against both PVY strains./span
Epigenetic regulation of Drosophila nonautonomous p-element transpositions at different temperatures of development
Authors: Ilyina Julia A , Varentsova Elena R , Kotlovanova Ludmila V , Konev Alexander Yu , Khromykh Yuri M
Published: September 2017

In a system of Drosophila P-element activation at 25 °С and 18 °С we observed the increase of the gene conversion frequency among the offspring of parents containing nonautonomous P-elements and a chromosome with rad201supG1/sup mutation in genome. The similar increase of conversion events in this system was shown in the experiments with mutation mei41D5. In both cases inheritance of the increased gene conversion frequency had an epigenetic character, since increased conversion was observed also among the offspring not carrying mutations rad201supG1/sup or mei41D5.
Dynamics of the gene pool of petersburg Adalia bipunctata population during 75 years of observation
Authors: Zakharov-Gezekhus Ilya A
Published: September 2017

Composition of Adalia bipunctata population "University" (collected near St. Petersburg University) was studied from 1975 till 2009, also considering the data obtained by J. Lusis who sampled this ladybird population in 1933, 1934, and 1947. The part of black-colored forms in the population decreased from 90.0 % in 1933 to 47.8 % in 2009. Two hypotheses explaining the observed population dynamics are suggested and discussed: ecological (effect of the city air pollution) and genetic (replacement of the black-color allele with more efficient polygenic system).
Heterozygozity maintenance for the lethals in populations reproducing by intratetrad mating
Authors: Zakharov-Gezekhus Ilya A
Published: September 2017

Maintanance of lethals in the gene pool is analyzed for a population reproducing by intratetrad mating (fusion of the spores formed by one meiotic division). It is shown that heterozygotes for the lethal are maintained stable in the population if they have advantage in reproduction rate compared with homozygotes carrying the normal allele (the effect of overdominance). The dependence of this advantage on the distance from the respective gene to the centromere is evaluated.
MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE DIP1 REGULATOR GENE IN VARIOUS SPECIES OF DROSOPHILA
Authors: Nefedova Lidiya N , Korostin Dmitry O , Potapova Maria V , Romanova Natalia I , Kim Alexander I
Published: September 2017

The DIP1 is a regulator gene of D. melanogaster with an unknown function. As a result of mRNA alternative splicing, at least 6 coding sequences are formed (DIP1-c/Klett-c, DIP1-b/ Klett-d, DIP1-d, DIP1-а, Klett-a, and Klett-b). Structure and expression of DIP1 homologues in various species of the melanogaster subgroup, such as D. melanogaster, D. sechellia, D. mauritiana, D. simulans, D. erecta,and D. yakuba, have been analyzed. In D. sechellia, D. simulans, and D. mauritiana we found alterations, which affected expression of the DIP1 homologues in contrast to D. melanogaster, D. erecta, and D. yakuba. These alterations have to do with splicing of the first alternative exon. It has been demonstrated that DIP1 homologues of D. sechellia, D. simulans and D. mauritiana do not code for Klett-а and Klett b forms.
Protein inheritance and regulation of gene expression in yeast
Authors: Mironova Ludmila N
Published: September 2017

Prions of lower eukaryotes are genetic determinants of protein nature. Last years are marked by rapid development of the conception of prion inheritance. The list of yeast proteins, which have been shown to exist in the prion form in vivo, and phenotypic manifestation of prions provide good reason to believe that protein prionization may represent epigenetic mechanism regulating adaptability of a single cell and cellular population to environmental conditions.
Genetics or epigenetics? A peculiar case from the ciliate life
Authors: Yudin Aleksander L
Published: September 2017

Inheritance of three mating types (MTs) in the ciliate Dileptus anser is described. When reproduced vegetatively, clones of dilepti retain their mating type invariably. In sexual generations (at crosses) the character behaves as controlled by one locus with three alleles in it, manifesting serial dominance. In other words, the character seems to be under the direct genic control. However, after treatment with Actinomycin D, ciliates from clones which stably express this or that MT, become destabilized and start to express in turn all three MTs. It suggests that actually MT of such a clone results from stable epigenetic differentiation of a complex, multipotential locus.
Epigenetics of ecological niches
Authors: Tikhonovich Igor A , Provorov Nikolay A
Published: September 2017

The development of symbioses ensures formation of the super-organism systems for heredity (symbiogenomes) which represent the products of joint adaptations of partners towards an unfavorable environment. Using the examples of symbioses which enable plants and microorganisms to cooperatively overcome the limitations in the major biogenic elements (C, N, P) or impacts of the biotic and abiotic stresses we demonstrate that symbiosis involves not only the de novo formation (epigenesis) by plant of the ecological niches for hosting the microsymbionts, but also the reorganizations of relevant genetic systems in accordance to the partners’ genotypes and environmental conditions. A possibility to address the ongoing processes in terms of epigenetics is evident when the microsymbionts occurring in the novel niches are included into the host reproduction cycle ensuring a stable maintenance of novel adaptation in the next generations suggesting that the newly formed symbiogenome have acquired the properties of a system for inheritance of the newly acquired adaptive traits.
POPULATION ANTAGONISM IN THE YEASTS SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES POMBE
Authors: Kondrateva Vera I , Naumov Gennadiy I
Published: September 2017

Using the new yeast Schizosaccharomyces kambucha nom. nud. and genetic lines, widely explored in different laboratories, we continue the investigation of the phenomenon of ascospore death in interstrain hybrids of Sch. pombe. All interstrain hybrids were sterile when analyzed by a micromanipulator. However random spore analysis revealed recombination of control markers, suggesting assignment of the strains studied to the same biological species Sch. pombe. Possible causes of hybrid ascospores death are discussed. The population antagonism of the yeast Sch. pombe should be taken into account in taxonomic studies.
Molecular markers for plant species identification and phylogenetics
Authors: Matveeva Tatyana V , Pavlova Olga A , Bogomaz Denis I , Demkovich Andrey E , Lutova Ludmila A
Published: September 2017

In this review we summarized the information on application of molecular markers for plant species identification and phylogenetics: positive sides and limitations of main markers, representing sequencing data of taxonomically important chloroplast and nuclear DNA regions. Markers, based on polymorphism of PCR and restriction products, are also discussed as accessorial markers in phylogenetic studies.
The role of DNA polymerase alpha in the control of mutagenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells starved for nutrients
Authors: Babudri Nora , Achilli Alessandro , Martinelli Chiara , Moore Elizabeth , Lancioni Hovirag , Pavlov Yuri I
Published: September 2017

In nature, microorganisms experience numerous environmental stresses and generally grow poorly most of the time. In the last two decades it has become evident that mutations arise not only in actively dividing cells but also in nonreplicating or slowly replicating cells starved for nutrients. In yeast, precise base selection and proofreading by replicative DNA polymerases δ and ε keep starvation-associated mutagenesis (SAM) at basal levels. Less is known about the role of replicative DNA polymerase α (Pol α). Here we provide evidence that Pol α is involved in the control of SAM in yeast cells starved for adenine by participation in sporadic replication and/or DNA repair under these conditions.
DNA Repeats in Bacterial Genome and Intracellular Activity of Homologous Recombinase
Authors: Ilatovsky Andrey V , Lanzov Vladislav A
Published: September 2017

In present work distribution of perfect direct and inverted repeats in a set of bacterial genomes was analysed. Complementary cumulative distribution functions of repeat frequency for 36 bacterial strains are nonrandom and have certain characteristic features. Inverse relation of direct repeats frequency to recombinogenic activity is shown for reference E. сoli К-12 strain and P. aeruginosa strain with hyperrecombinogenic RecA protein. In general, direct repeat frequency is higher in nonpathogenic strains than that in pathogens.
Genetic description of root nodule bacteria of Lathyrus species growing in the territory of Republic Bashkortostan
Authors: - - , Ptitsyn Konstantin G , Muldashev Albert A , Baymiev Aleksei K
Published: September 2017

The genetic diversity and phylogeny of rhizobia isolated from nodules of 9 wild-growing Lathyrus L. species (Fabaceae) growing in Republic Bashkortostan were studied. It is shown that for the given plants is characteristic that the big variety of heterogeneous strains of root nodule bacteria. Nevertheless, it is revealed that the majority of them in phylogenetics are closely related to Rhizobium leguminosarum. However, some plant species are found out also nodule bacteria which were considered earlier unusual for Lathyrus. So, L. vernus L. Bernh. and L. sylvestris L. are found out a root nodule bacteria close to R. tropici, L. palustris L. — Agrobacterium sp., and L. gmelinii Fritsch all isolated with us bacteria from root nodules by the sequence of genes of 16S рРНК have appeared are closely related to Phyllobacterium myrsinacearum.
Molecular analysis of genetic polymorphism and phylogenetic relationships in Ribes L.
Authors: Pikunova Anna V , Martirosyan Elena V , Knyazev Sergey D , Ryzhova Natalia N
Published: September 2017

The RAPD analysis have been used to study genome polymorphism and phylogenetic relationships in genus Ribes L. Levels of interspecific, intraspecific and intercultivars genome diversity have been evaluated. Revealed polymorphism allows the recognition of closely related cultivars. Genotype-specific RAPD fragments and also group-specific fragments have been identified. Hybrids between blackcurrant and gooseberry have shown more similarity with blackcurrant. Calculated similarity coefficients and dendrogram topology support the genus classifications that recognize equal independent taxonomic level of blackcurrant, redcurrant and gooseberry with genus Ribes L.
Geograpahic distribution of allele frequencies of alcohol metabolism genes and possible determinants of inter population diversity in human
Authors: Borinskaya Svetlana A , - - , Kalina Nina R , Shirmanov Vyacheslav I , Koshechkin Vladimir A , Yankovsky Nikolay K
Published: September 2017

ADH1B and ALDH2 genes are coding for key alcohol metabolism enzymes. Both allele ADH1B*Arg48His and ALDH2*504Lys are associated with lower alcohol consumption level. The allele frequencies were determined for rather few populations of Russia. The article presents аn updated review on the allele frequencies worldwide including the data for populations of Russia which were determined by our lab in recent years. Possible role of factors influencing the peculiarities of ADH1B*48His and ALDH2*504Lys allele frequencies geographic distribution are being discussed.
Anti-mutagenic action of synthetic “epitalon” peptide in mice with different body colour
Authors: Mylnikov Sergey V , Pavlova Natalia V , Barabanova Larisa V
Published: September 2017

Epitalon demonstrate differences in antimutagenic activity after cyclophosphamide injection in mice. We demonstarted protection effects in white mice, but not in grey ones. Those effects may be explained by different neuro-humoral status and stress-resistance of the animals.
Molecular-genetic methods of the investigation of trophic relations hips in the agrocoenosis
Authors: Kitaev Konstantin A , Udalov Maksim B , Benkovskaya Galina V
Published: September 2017

The problem of determine quantitative predation rate is actuality for development methods of biocontrol. Many species of insect could not be investigated by traditional methods through features of its behavior and life-form, and we have must analyzed gut content of predators. Efficacy and cost of two methods analyzes (PCR and antibodies) are compared. Project of experiment with PCR -analyze is described and additional possibility of PCR -analyze is shown.
Polymorphism of DNA repair genes (XRCC1, XRCC3, XPD, XPC) and risk of uterine myoma among women working in petrochemical complex
Authors: Kochenova Ol'ga Vadimovna , Gainullina Makhmuza K , Victorova Tatyana V
Published: September 2017

Uterine myoma is a multifactorial disease in which the development involving both genetic and environmental factors. In this study we analyzed polymorphisms of genes excision repair (XRCC1, XPD/ERCC2, XPC) and repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (XRC 3) among women working at a large petrochemical complex of "Salavatnefteorgsintez". It is established that a minor allele homozygous for the minor allele genotype and polymorphism Gln939Lys (rs2228001) XPC gene are associated with the risk of uterine myoma (OR = 3.9 CI 1.001-18.13 for genotype and OR = 2.3 CI 1.36-3.77 for allele).
The role of mobile genetic elements in evolution of cyanobacteria
Authors: Mikheeva Lidia E , Karbysheva Elena A , Shestakov Sergey V
Published: September 2017

Possible pathways of cyanobacterial evolution are discussed on the basis of in silico analysis of fully sequenced genomes of 45 species/strains of cyanobacteria. The information on quantity and functions of different mobile elements (IS, MITE elements and group II introns) was reviewed. Positive correlation between whole genome sizes and number of genes, encoding transposases has been revealed. It is suggested that transpositions play significant role in genome rearrangements taking part in gene regulation and adaptation processes determining the directions of microevolution processes in cyanobacterial populations.
The Challenges and Opportunities of Peer Review in Health Impact Assessment
Authors: Hirono Katherine T , Raab Kristin , Wendel Arthur , Choi Tim , Yuen Tina , Schuchter Joseph , Fulk Florence
Published: September 2017

Background:

While HIA guidelines and practice standards are used throughout the field, peer review is a potentially untapped resource for HIA practitioners in the US and potentially internationally. Peer review is thought to strengthen HIA practice, although very few guidance documents exist, and there has been little research to date on the efficacy of peer review for improving HIAs.

Methods:

To explore the possible value of peer review in HIA, an expert panel was convened at the 2013 HIA of the Americas Workshop, and an online survey was used to query HIA practitioners regarding their experience with and motivation for HIA peer review.

Results:

Most survey respondents (n=20 out of 26) indicated that peer review in HIA was helpful, and 15 respondents thought a formal peer review process would improve HIA practice. Respondents wanted peer review to be timely and the reviewer to approach the review as a mentor rather than a gatekeeper.

Conclusion:

This paper offers the initial development of a peer review typology based on feedback from the online survey and workshop participants. Better understanding of the potential challenges and opportunities for using peer review in HIA may help to improve HIA practice.
A community grounded HIA: The benefits of conducting a HIA during the Airds Bradbury Estate Redevelopment
Authors: Jaques Karla , Haigh Fiona , Thorn Michael
Published: September 2017

Background

This paper identifies and discusses the benefits of taking a ‘community grounded’ approach to HIA in the context of a place based urban renewal setting and reflect on whether this is a useful approach for people and organisations wishing to undertake HIA’s in similar settings. The HIA was on the redevelopment of the suburban town centre and focussed on the creation of a new multipurpose centre, improvements to a manmade pond and the relocation of sporting fields found in the area. The HIA team aimed to explore what the planned redevelopment of the local town centre area would mean for the local community and its potential health impacts upon residents.

 

Methods

The HIA followed the standard HIA steps. The HIA team took a community grounded approach where particular focus was give to engaging community members in the HIA process. This included community members being involved in the HIA working group, reference group and providing evidence for the HIA.

 

Results

The HIA report contained a series of recommendations for the redevelopment of the Airds Bradbury estate. These recommendations were presented to the Community Reference Group and were adopted by various stakeholders.

 

Conclusions

 

The community grounded approach influenced both how the HIA was carried out, the decisions that were made within the HIA and ultimately the finidings and recomendations. The HIA of this latest stage of the Airds-Bradbury estate redevelopment was a useful project to encourage further collaboration, dialogue and planning between redevelopment agencies, Local Government, and residents of the Airds Bradbury social housing estate.

 