bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient Video Steganalytic Feature Design by Exploiting Local Optimality and Lagrangian Cost Quotient
Authors: Liu Ying , Ni Jiangqun , Su Wenkang
Published: February 2023

As the opponent of motion vector (MV)-based video steganography, the corresponding symmetric steganalysis has also developed a lot in recent years, among which the logic-based steganalytic schemes, e.g., AoSO, NPELO and MVC, are the most prevailing. Although currently achieving the best detection performance, these steganalytic schemes are less effective in detecting some logic-maintaining steganographic schemes. In view of the fact that the distributions of covers’ local Lagrangian cost quotients are normally more concentrated in the small value ranges than those of stegos and “spread” to the large values ranges after modifying the motion vector, the local Lagrangian cost quotient would thus be an efficient indicator to reflect the difference between cover videos and stego ones. In this regard, combining the logic-based (Lg) and local Lagrangian cost quotient (LLCQ)-based feature, we finally proposed a more effective and general steganalysis feature, i.e., Lg-LLCQ, which is composed of diverse subfeatures and performs much better than the corresponding single-type feature. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed method exhibits detection performance superior to other state-of-the-art schemes and even works well under cover sources and steganographic scheme mismatch scenes, which indicates our proposed feature is more conducive to real-world applications.
CP Violation in Baryon Decays at LHCb
Authors: Dai Xinchen , Saur Miroslav , Shang Yiduo , Yang Xueting , Zhang Yanxi
Published: February 2023

Observations in astronomy suggest that our Universe contains an abundance of matter over antimatter, which can only be explained if the combined CP symmetry is violated. Studies of CP violation have driven the flavor physics with the aim of testing the Standard Model of particle physics and searching for physics beyond it. CP violation is discovered in strange, beauty, and charm meson systems; however, no conclusive sign of CP violation in baryon decays has been observed yet. This review summarizes CP violation studies performed by the LHCb experiment in charmless decays and rare decays of beauty baryons and singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays of charm baryons. A brief on prospects for future LHCb measurements is also discussed.
Applicability of the Future State Maximization Paradigm to Agent-Based Modeling: A Case Study on the Emergence of Socially Sub-Optimal Mobility Behavior
Authors: Plakolb Simon , Strelkovskii Nikita
Published: February 2023

Novel developments in artificial intelligence excel in regard to the abilities of rule-based agent-based models (ABMs), but are still limited in their representation of bounded rationality. The future state maximization (FSX) paradigm presents a promising methodology for describing the intelligent behavior of agents. FSX agents explore their future state space using “walkers” as virtual entities probing for a maximization of possible states. Recent studies have demonstrated the applicability of FSX to modeling the cooperative behavior of individuals. Applied to ABMs, the FSX principle should also represent non-cooperative behavior: for example, in microscopic traffic modeling, there is a need to model agents that do not fully adhere to the traffic rules. To examine non-cooperative behavior arising from FSX, we developed a road section model populated by agent-cars endowed with an augmented FSX decision making algorithm. Simulation experiments were conducted in four scenarios modeling various traffic settings. A sensitivity analysis showed that cooperation among the agents was the result of a balance between exploration and exploitation. We showed that our model reproduced several patterns observed in rule-based traffic models. We also demonstrated that agents acting according to FSX can stop cooperating. We concluded that FSX can be useful for studying irrational behavior in certain traffic settings, and that it is suitable for ABMs in general.
Plant Virus-Derived Vectors for Plant Genome Engineering
Authors: Mahmood Muhammad Arslan , Naqvi Rubab Zahra , Rahman Saleem Ur , Amin Imran , Mansoor Shahid
Published: February 2023

Advances in genome engineering (GE) tools based on sequence-specific programmable nucleases have revolutionized precise genome editing in plants. However, only the traditional approaches are used to deliver these GE reagents, which mostly rely on Agrobacterium-mediated transformation or particle bombardment. These techniques have been successfully used for the past decades for the genetic engineering of plants with some limitations relating to lengthy time-taking protocols and transgenes integration-related regulatory concerns. Nevertheless, in the era of climate change, we require certain faster protocols for developing climate-smart resilient crops through GE to deal with global food security. Therefore, some alternative approaches are needed to robustly deliver the GE reagents. In this case, the plant viral vectors could be an excellent option for the delivery of GE reagents because they are efficient, effective, and precise. Additionally, these are autonomously replicating and considered as natural specialists for transient delivery. In the present review, we have discussed the potential use of these plant viral vectors for the efficient delivery of GE reagents. We have further described the different plant viral vectors, such as DNA and RNA viruses, which have been used as efficient gene targeting systems in model plants, and in other important crops including potato, tomato, wheat, and rice. The achievements gained so far in the use of viral vectors as a carrier for GE reagent delivery are depicted along with the benefits and limitations of each viral vector. Moreover, recent advances have been explored in employing viral vectors for GE and adapting this technology for future research.
4-Phenyl-butyric Acid Inhibits Japanese Encephalitis Virus Replication via Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response
Authors: Wang Shuangshuang , Yang Keli , Li Chang , Liu Wei , Gao Ting , Yuan Fangyan , Guo Rui , Liu Zewen , Tan Yiqing , Hu Xianwang , Tian Yongxiang , Zhou Danna
Published: February 2023

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection causes host endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) reaction, and then induces cell apoptosis through the UPR pathway, invading the central nervous system and causing an inflammation storm. The endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor, 4-phenyl-butyric acid (4-PBA), has an inhibitory effect on the replication of flavivirus. Here, we studied the effect of 4-PBA on JEV infection both in vitro and vivo. The results showed that 4-PBA treatment could significantly decrease the titer of JEV, inhibit the expression of the JEV NS3 protein (in vitro, p < 0.01) and reduce the positive rate of the JEV E protein (in vivo, p < 0.001). Compared to the control group, 4-PBA treatment can restore the weight of JEV-infected mice, decrease the level of IL-1β in serum and alleviate the abnormalities in brain tissue structure. Endoplasmic reticulum stress test found that the expression level of GRP78 was much lower and activation levels of PERK and IRE1 pathways were reduced in the 4-PBA treatment group. Furthermore, 4-PBA inhibited the UPR pathway activated by NS3, NS4b and NS5 RdRp. The above results indicated that 4-PBA could block JEV replication and inhibit ER stress caused by JEV. Interestingly, 4-PBA could reduce the expression of NS5 by inhibiting transcription (p < 0.001), but had no effect on the expression of NS3 and NS4b. This result may indicate that 4-PBA has antiviral activity independent of the UPR pathway. In summary, the effect of 4-PBA on JEV infection is related to the inhibition of ER stress, and it may be a promising drug for the treatment of Japanese encephalitis.
Game Birds Can Act as Intermediaries of Virulent Genotype VII Avian Orthoavulavirus-1 between Wild Birds and Domestic Poultry
Authors: Ross Craig S. , Skinner Paul , Sutton David , Mayers Jo , Nunez Alex , Brookes Sharon M. , Banyard Ashley C. , Brown Ian H.
Published: February 2023

Newcastle Disease (ND), caused by virulent forms of Avian orthoavulavirus serotype-1 (AOAV-1) is an economically important avian disease worldwide. The past two incursions of ND into the United Kingdom occurred in game bird populations during 2005 and 2006. The nature of the game bird semi-feral rearing system, which can bring these birds into close contact with both wild birds and commercial or backyard poultry, has been hypothesized to act as a bridge between these two environments. As such, the risk that AOAV-1-infected game birds may pose to the UK poultry industry was investigated. Pheasants, partridges and chickens were experimentally infected with the virulent strain APMV-1/Chicken/Bulgaria/112/13, a genotype VII.2 virus associated with ND outbreaks in Eastern Europe. The study demonstrated that both chickens and pheasants are susceptible to infection with APMV-1/Chicken/Bulgaria/112/13, which results in high mortality and onward transmission. Partridges by contrast are susceptible to infection, but mortality was reduced, as was onward transmission. However, the data indicated that both pheasants and partridges may serve as intermediate hosts of AOAV-1 and may bridge the wild bird–domestic poultry interface enabling transmission into an economically damaging environment where morbidity and mortality may be high.
Galbut Virus Infection Minimally Influences Drosophila melanogaster Fitness Traits in a Strain and Sex-Dependent Manner
Authors: Cross Shaun T. , Brehm Ali L. , Dunham Tillie J. , Rodgers Case P. , Keene Alexandra H. , Borlee Grace I. , Stenglein Mark D.
Published: February 2023

Galbut virus (family Partitiviridae) infects Drosophila melanogaster and can be transmitted vertically from infected mothers or infected fathers with near perfect efficiency. This form of super-Mendelian inheritance should drive infection to 100% prevalence, and indeed, galbut virus is ubiquitous in wild D. melanogaster populations. However, on average, only about 60% of individual flies are infected. One possible explanation for this is that a subset of flies are resistant to infection. Although galbut virus-infected flies appear healthy, infection may be sufficiently costly to drive selection for resistant hosts, thereby decreasing overall prevalence. To test this hypothesis, we quantified a variety of fitness-related traits in galbut virus-infected flies from two lines from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP). Galbut virus-infected flies had no difference in average lifespan and total offspring production compared to their uninfected counterparts. Galbut virus-infected DGRP-517 flies pupated and eclosed faster than their uninfected counterparts. Some galbut virus-infected flies exhibited altered sensitivity to viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens. The microbiome composition of flies was not measurably perturbed by galbut virus infection. Differences in phenotype attributable to galbut virus infection varied as a function of fly sex and DGRP strain, and differences attributable to infection status were dwarfed by larger differences attributable to strain and sex. Thus, galbut virus infection does produce measurable phenotypic changes, with changes being minor, offsetting, and possibly net-negative.
Future of Antiretroviral Drugs and Evolution of HIV-1 Drug Resistance
Authors: Charpentier Charlotte , Le Hingrat Quentin , Ferré Valentine Marie , Damond Florence , Descamps Diane
Published: February 2023

Highly active antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has been used for many years, but the use in low- and middle-income countries of antiretroviral drugs with low genetic barrier to resistance, combined with limited availability of viral load testing, has led to higher rates of acquired drug resistance, sustaining the rate of transmitted drug resistance. Here, we describe the evolution of ARV drugs with the ongoing development of injectable long-acting forms and the requirements regarding all new ARV drugs (i.e., no transmitted drug resistance, no cross-resistance and high genetic barrier to resistance). Then, we report the evolution of both transmitted and acquired resistance regarding new ARV drugs. The WHO has set very ambitious but motivating goals for HIV testing, treatment and viral suppression, aiming to achieve rates of 95% for all three by 2025. Reaching these goals requires a wide implementation and use of close virological monitoring in LMICs.
A Capsid Protein Fragment of a Fusagra-like Virus Found in Carica papaya Latex Interacts with the 50S Ribosomal Protein L17
Authors: Maurastoni Marlonni , Sá Antunes Tathiana F. , Abreu Emanuel F. M. , Ribeiro Simone G. , Mehta Angela , Sanches Marcio M. , Fontes Wagner , Kitajima Elliot W. , Cruz Fabiano T. , Santos Alexandre M. C. , Ventura Jose A. , Gomes Ana C. M. M. , Zerbini F. Murilo , Sosa-Acosta Patricia , Nogueira Fábio C. S. , Rodrigues Silas P. , Aragão Francisco J. L. , Whitfield Anna E. , Fernandes Patricia M. B.
Published: February 2023

Papaya sticky disease is caused by the association of a fusagra-like and an umbra-like virus, named papaya meleira virus (PMeV) and papaya meleira virus 2 (PMeV2), respectively. Both viral genomes are encapsidated in particles formed by the PMeV ORF1 product, which has the potential to encode a protein with 1563 amino acids (aa). However, the structural components of the viral capsid are unknown. To characterize the structural proteins of PMeV and PMeV2, virions were purified from Carica papaya latex. SDS-PAGE analysis of purified virus revealed two major proteins of ~40 kDa and ~55 kDa. Amino-terminal sequencing of the ~55 kDa protein and LC-MS/MS of purified virions indicated that this protein starts at aa 263 of the deduced ORF1 product as a result of either degradation or proteolytic processing. A yeast two-hybrid assay was used to identify Arabidopsis proteins interacting with two PMeV ORF1 product fragments (aa 321–670 and 961–1200). The 50S ribosomal protein L17 (AtRPL17) was identified as potentially associated with modulated translation-related proteins. In plant cells, AtRPL17 co-localized and interacted with the PMeV ORF1 fragments. These findings support the hypothesis that the interaction between PMeV/PMeV2 structural proteins and RPL17 is important for virus–host interactions.
Yellow Fever Vaccine-Related Neurotropic Disease in Brazil Following Immunization with 17DD
Authors: de Andrade Gandolfi Flora , Estofolete Cassia Fernanda , Wakai Marcia Catelan , Negri Andreia Francesli , Barcelos Michela Dias , Vasilakis Nikos , Nogueira Mauricio Lacerda
Published: February 2023

The disease burden of yellow fever virus infection (YFV) is quite high in the tropics where vaccination coverage is low. To date, vaccination is the most effective control strategy to mitigate and eliminate the burden of YF disease. The licensed YF vaccines are safe and effective and serious adverse events are rare. Herein, we report three cases of neurological syndrome, compatible with meningoencephalitis following 17DD vaccination. In all cases, YFV-specific IgM antibodies were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid. Our observations confirm the development of YF vaccine-associated neurotropic disease, a rare serious adverse event, from which all three patients have fully recovered without any long-term sequelae. This report reinforces the need for awareness among health professionals to recognize and effectively manage such events in a timely manner.
Can Property Rights Reform of China’s Agricultural Water Facilities Improve the Quality of Facility Maintenance and Enhance Farmers’ Water Conservation Behavior?—A Typical Case from Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Feng Yiyu , Chang Ming , He Yaping , Song Rui , Liu Jing
Published: February 2023

Currently, China is facing the problems of chaotic governance of end-use agricultural water conservancy facilities and a serious waste of agricultural water. To address the above issues, China launched a pilot policy of reforming the property rights of agricultural water facilities in 2014. In this study, we obtained data from 328 farm households through a microscopic study of the pilot property rights reform in Yunnan Province. We found that the reform has resulted in two typical property rights models: “Multiple cooperative governance” and “Private contract governance”. The impact of the reform on the maintenance quality of irrigation facilities and farmers’ water-saving technology adoption behavior was empirically analyzed using the Oprobit and IV-Oprobit methods. The study found that: (1) the property rights reform significantly improved the quality of maintenance of facilities while promoting farmers’ water-saving technology adoption behavior. (2) Heterogeneity analysis revealed that the degree of non-farming of farmers had a negative moderating effect on the quality of facility maintenance and a positive moderating effect on the adoption of water-saving technologies, and the physical health of farmers had a negative moderating effect on the quality of facility maintenance. (3) There was no significant difference in the quality of facility maintenance between the “Private contract model” and the “Multiple cooperative governance model”, but the former had higher water supply capacity; in addition, farmers under the “Multiple cooperative governance model” mainly used drip irrigation technology, whereas farmers under the “Private contract governance model” mainly used sprinkler irrigation technology. The findings of this study provide Chinese experience in promoting the governance of agricultural water facilities and promoting the water-saving behavior of farmers.
Temporal Changes and Spatial Driving Mechanisms of Water Ecological Footprints in the Context of Urbanization: Taking Three Major Urban Agglomerations in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt as an Example
Authors: Zhang Xiuzhi , Zhang Daoyang , Yiwen Zhang
Published: February 2023

Urbanization, which is accompanied by the flow of various production factors, leads to increasingly close spatial linkages between cities, and exerts profound influences on water resource use. This study focuses on the three major urban agglomerations in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt, and examines the temporal changes and spatial variations of its water resource use based on an improved water ecological footprints (WEFs) model that uses city-level data to calculate yield factors and considers the recycling of water resources. Moreover, this study investigates the spatial autocorrelation of WEFs and explores the spatial correlations between WEFs and three dimensions of urbanization (population, economy, land) in three urban agglomerations. The results show that the WEF is the highest in the downstream of the Yangtze River and the lowest in the upper stream. City-level WEFs have significant spatial autocorrelations, and cities with high water use are often concentrated. In some regions, urbanization and WEFs have significant spatial correlations, indicating the environmental externality of urbanization on water resource use. This study contributes to the methodology of developing localized water use evaluation indices, and provides insights into the driving factors of WEFs and the environmental externality of urbanization at different spatial scales. Its findings provide empirical support for formulating and implementing more targeted water resources protection measures in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
Sustainable Processes for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Aquatic Systems
Authors: Bastos-Arrieta Julio , Palet Cristina
Published: February 2023

Water pollution is a global problem threatening the entire biosphere and affecting the life of many millions of people [...]
Double Parameters Generalization of Water-Blocking Effect of Submerged Vegetation
Authors: Qiu Chunlin , Huang Jiesheng , Liu Shihe , Pan Wenhao
Published: February 2023

Submerged vegetation has strong vitality, and the root system is highly developed. Because this vegetation has a good bank-solidifying-and-beautifying effect, it is widely used in ecological river construction. However, the open channel flow field and water-blocking mechanism of submerged vegetation are complicated. It is not convenient to use this kind of original model directly in engineering calculation, but it can be much more convenient if the original model is generalized into a simple model. However, there are not many generalization models, so it is necessary to propose a simple generalization model of the water-blocking effect of submerged vegetation to facilitate engineering calculation. Upon theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and experiment data analysis, the following conclusions are obtained: As the basis of generalization, in order to make up for the deficiency of experimental results, a new numerical simulation model for the flow field of submerged vegetation open channel flow was firstly proposed. For the purpose of this research, a simple generalization model of the water-blocking effect of submerged vegetation was proposed. Finally, two parameters of generalized roughness coefficient and virtual channel elevation were obtained to reflect the water-blocking effect. They can be substituted directly into a planar two-dimensional model in engineering. It achieves the ultimate goal of convenient engineering calculation.
Environmental Stable and Radioactive Isotopes in the Assessment of Thermomineral Waters in Lisbon Region (Portugal): Contributions for a Conceptual Model
Authors: Marrero-Díaz Rayco , Carvalho Maria , Carreira Paula
Published: February 2023

The existence of thermomineral waters in the Lisbon region (western Portugal), has been known for centuries. Several authors have investigated the characteristics of these thermomineral waters, but their conceptual model (recharge zone, processes controlling the origin and chemical evolution, depth of circulation, etc.) remains unknown. This work highlights the advantages of assessing the conceptual model in urban coastal areas, where different saline sources coexist, combining chemical analyses with environmental isotopes and geochemical modeling. The final physicochemical composition of thermomineral waters seems to be mainly controlled by water–rock interaction processes and different mixing degrees between HCO3-Ca regional groundwaters, cold dilute shallow groundwaters and highly salinized fluid (brackish or brine or non-recent seawater) probably trapped at depth. Based on these results, neither the contribution of polluted water nor the leaching of evaporite rocks seems to be the main salinization factor of the warmer and saline waters. A positive correlation exists between the lowest radiocarbon activities (average apparent ages ~6 ka BP) and highest water temperature and salinity (up to 39 °C and 6.3 g/L), suggesting progressive salinization and deeper circulation (up to 1200 m depth) into the hosting formations, where mixing with trapped salinized fluids probably took place, as confirmed by geochemical modeling. Finally, very favorable geological conditions in the Estoril region allow for fast rising and the occurrence of these thermomineral waters at relatively shallow depths.
The range of semi-finished fish products and the assortment policy of retail trade enterprises in Moscow for this commodity subcategory
Authors:   Department of International Commerce, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Nikolaeva M.A. , Shishmakova A.S. ,   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this article is to determine the indicators of the commercial assortment of fi sh semi-finished products and to identify the main directions of the assortment policy. It has been established that the assortment of semi-fi nished fi sh products in the examined stores is characterized as developed with a moderate degree of rationality at METRO and low at Perekrestok and Lenta. It has been found that the assortment of METRO semi-finished fi sh products is distinguished by the greatest completeness, depth, stability, and rationality. The values of these assortment indicators in Perekrestok and Lenta are much lower.
The psychoemotional state of a person in a digital society
Authors:   Kyrgyz-Russian Academy of Education, Shakeeva Ch. A. , Zhakshylykova T.A. ,   Department of Psychology at Ala-Too International University
Published: February 2023

The article analyses the influence of the Internet on the psycho-emotional state of a person. As the analysis showed, the influence of social networks affects the human psyche. In the modern society of human life, the Internet plays an important role (science, education, information, entertainment, etc.), eliminating distances and providing easy access to information and communication around the world. Thanks to the revolution of new technologies, Internet users can communicate and receive information from anywhere in the world. Recently, after the global epidemic of COVID-19 have reached to make purchases through the Internet connection. We learned how to use it as a learning process, work remotely and carry out financial transactions with various services offered by banks. The limitless possibilities offered by the Internet services need security and protection from the law. Users sometimes misuse it or use it for malicious purposes against other Internet users, organizations and government services. With the rapid spread and growth of the Internet, some psychosocial phenomena such as cyberbullying, cybersuicide, internet addiction and online social isolation, etc. are emerging.
Ecosystem of work with youth at the local level (on the example of five million-plus cities)
Authors:   FSBEI HE Rostov State University of Economics, Otrokov О. Yu.
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the system of work with youth in five million-plus cities: Rostov-on-Don, Voronezh, Nizhny Novgorod, Krasnoyarsk, and Novosibirsk. The analysis is based on four main criteria: the structure of the youth work body, the amount of funding, performance indicators, and channels for informing young people. The conducted research makes it possible to identify trends and main approaches to the implementation of youth policy in large cities of Russia.
Success stories of children taken into care or custody (in history and modern times)
Authors:   Department of Social Psychology and Social Work, FSBEI HE Ryazan State University named after S. A. Yesenin, Kryuchkova I. M. , Sokolova I. S. ,   Department of Social Psychology and Social Work, FSBEI HE Ryazan State University named after S. A. Yesenin
Published: February 2023

The relevance of this work lies in the fact that success is one of the main criteria of life in modern society. With regard to children who are in foster care or under custody, the phenomenon of success acquires increased importance because it is an indicator of how well a child has adapted to society and revealed his/her individual characteristics and talents.The main purpose of our work is to study the factors influencing the successful self-fulfillment of children in foster care or under custody.
Fish reproduction in Krasnoarmeysk district of Saratov region in 2022
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Integrated Fish Breeding — Branch of the Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry named after academy Member L.K. Ernst, Russia, Moscow region, village named after Vorovsky, Tyulin D.Yu. , Brigida A.V. ,   Russian Research Institute of Integrated Fish Breeding — Branch of the Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry named after academy Member L.K. Ernst, Russia, Moscow region, village named after Vorovsky
Published: February 2023

One of the main factors influencing the efficiency of reproduction of limnophilic fish is the height of water level and the duration of spring flood with uniform water heating. Work was carried out to assess the natural reproduction of fish in the area of the middle zone of the Volgograd reservoir, near the villages Akhmat and Zolotoye, Krasnoarmeysk district, Saratov region, in 2022. In total, juveniles of 11 fish species were caught in the surveyed areas in 2022. There is a significant decrease in species diversity compared to previous years. Due to the unfavorable level regime during the spawning period, very unfavorable conditions for the reproduction of fish have developed in 2022. For the first time in 6 years of research in the waters under consideration, it was possible to record the reproduction of catfish (Silurus glanis) and carp (Cyprinus carpio). In 2022, in the area near Akhmat village, an anomaly was observed: underyearlings of bleak (Alburnus alburnus), which usually dominates catches, and perch (Perca fluviatilis), which is also common in this area, were absent in the catches (despite the fact that individuals of these fish of older ages were encountered). In the water area near Zolotoye village still recorded the reproduction of Black Sea-Caspian sprat (Clupeonella cultriventris), the early larvae of which are common there in the catches and are not found in the water area near Akhmat village. In the water area near Zolotoye village underyearlings of asp (Aspius aspius) are still common, and they dominate the catches in 2022. In the water area near Akhmat village, the catches of 2022 are dominated by crucian carp (Carassius gibelio).
Dynamics of the parasitofaauna of roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) since the beginning of the existence of the Boguchanskoye reservoir
Authors:   Krasnoyarsk branch of the VNIRO (NIIERV), Russia, Krasnoyarsk, Chugunova Yu.K. , Pridachuk V.V. ,   RSBI Krasnoyarsk Interdistrict Medical Clinical Emergency Hospital named after N.S. Karpovich, Russia, Krasnoyarsk
Published: February 2023

This article presents the results of parasitological studies of roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Boguchanskoye reservoir, the stages of parasite fauna formation and the current state of the reservoir. Ichthyofauna of Boguchanskoye Reservoir was formed by local fauna of Angara River. Transformation of the original reservoir has led to significant changes in the composition and community structure of all groups of organisms of aquatic biota and affected the parasite fauna of fish. Over eight years (2012–2020), 35 species of parasites from 9 classes were recorded in roach in Boguchanskoye Reservoir. Originally, the composition of parasites was not diverse and had few specific species. Most parasites had low or single occurrence. Trematode metacercariae predominated, and their quantitative indicators (extensity of infection and index of abundance) indicate the ecological confinement of fish to shallow river sections. After impoundment, the parasite fauna composition became more diverse due to parasitic protozoa and monogeneas. Currently, the proportion of parasites with a direct development cycle is 68.2%. In 2020, two types of helminths were registered with a plankton development pathway: Ligula intestinalis Linnaeus, 1758 and Philometra rischta Skrjabin, 1917. The species Ph. rischta — first detected in fish in water bodies of Krasnoyarsk Region. There was a change in the dominant species, Dactylogyrus crucifer (Wagener, 1857) became the dominant species.
Geriatric Syndromes and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Liu Christine K. , Miao Shiyuan , Giffuni Jamie , Katzel Leslie I. , Fielding Roger A. , Seliger Stephen L. , Weiner Daniel E.
Published: February 2023

Key Points

In older adults with CKD, geriatric syndromes are common and are associated with reduced quality of life.

Addressing geriatric syndromes could potentially improve quality of life for older adults with CKD.

Background

Geriatric syndromes, which are multifactorial conditions common in older adults, predict health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Although CKD is associated with lower HRQOL, whether geriatric syndromes contribute to HRQOL in CKD is unknown. Our objective was to compare associations of geriatric syndromes and medical conditions with HRQOL in older adults with CKD.

Methods

This was a secondary analysis of a parallel-group randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating a 12-month exercise intervention in persons 55 years or older with CKD stage 3b–4. Participants were assessed for baseline geriatric syndromes (cognitive impairment, poor appetite, dizziness, fatigue, and chronic pain) and medical conditions (diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, cancer, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Participants' HRQOL was assessed with the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36), EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-Level, and the EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale. We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of geriatric syndromes and medical conditions with HRQOL using multiple linear regression.

Results

Among 99 participants, the mean age was 68.0 years, 25% were female, and 62% were Black. Participants had a baseline mean of 2.0 geriatric syndromes and 2.1 medical conditions; 49% had ≥ two geriatric syndromes and ≥ two medical conditions concurrently. Sixty-seven (68%) participants underwent 12-month assessments. In models using geriatric syndromes and medical conditions as concurrent exposures, the number of geriatric syndromes was cross-sectionally associated with SF-36 scores for general health (β=−0.385) and role limitations because of physical health (β=−0.374) and physical functioning (β=−0.300, all P<0.05). The number of medical conditions was only associated with SF-36 score for role limitations because of physical health (β=−0.205).

Conclusions

In older adults with CKD stage 3b–4, geriatric syndromes are common and are associated with lower HRQOL. Addressing geriatric conditions is a potential approach to improve HRQOL for older adults with CKD.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

NCT01462097; Registration Date–October 26, 2011.
Contratos de engineering: aspectos essenciais para sua compreensão
Authors: Iaquinta Rodrigo Ferrari
Published: February 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o contrato de engineering, apontando seu aspecto evolutivo. Neste contexto, são apresentados os elementos essenciais desta modalidade contratual, sua interface com a legislação pátria e os motivos pelos quais trata-se de contrato de natureza empresarial o qual não pode ser compreendido como uma espécie do tipo empreitada, regulada nos artigos 610 a 626 do Código Civil Brasileiro. Outrossim, também são enumeradas algumas cláusulas específicas as quais possuem grande relevo para que haja um sucesso na estruturação e na consequente regulação de um contrato de engineering.
Las emociones dentro de la asignatura de Educación Física
Authors: Salinas Eva García
Published: February 2023

La fundamentación teórica hace una revisión sobre los contenidos relacionados con los jóvenes en el juego, las emociones y expresión emocional, y se ha concebido el juego como una fuente de estímulos. La actuación desarrollada ha sido una actividad de mediación cultural con 50 discentes españoles de 5º curso de Educación Primaria en la que tenían que visualizar a sus compañeros realizando juegos en Educación Física, y responder a preguntas clave que invitaban a la reflexión y a las estrategias de motivación que fomentan la conexión emocional e interacción grupal. Se ha realizado una grabación de dicha actividad que ha posibilitado una rigurosa y exhaustiva observación posterior para conocer las expresiones y microexpresiones faciales de los alumnos y alumnas, y de ese modo, identificar las emociones que han generado a través de cada uno de los juegos presentados.  Para analizar las grabaciones se ha realizado un protocolo de entrenamiento previo utilizando el programa Micro Expresions Trainning Tools (Ekman, 2003a).
Violência obstétrica contra as mulheres negras e a bioética de intervenção em contexto decolonial
Authors: Santana José Yuri dos Anjos , Cavalcante Vitória Maria Herculano Pacheco , Filho Róbson José dos Santos , Da Silva Anne Karolyne Pereira
Published: February 2023

O presente estudo visa abordar acerca da violência obstétrica contra as mulheres negras. Tema imprescindível para a vida em sociedade, tendo em vista que é uma violência silenciosa, naturalizada e normalizada, tornando-se a regra nos hospitais públicos e privados, com flagrante violação aos direitos reprodutivos das mulheres. Mas qual a causa histórica para esse problema e como resolvê-lo? Para responder esse questionamento, utiliza-se do método histórico, bem como o hipotético dedutivo. Ademais, maneja-se o procedimento bibliográfico, abeberando-se de artigos e sites, que abordam o paradigma da colonialidade, bem como as obras de Foucault e Habermas. Como resultado, nota-se que a sociedade está assentada sob as seguintes premissas, quais sejam: capitalismo, patriarcalismo, racismo e sexismo, em virtude do pensamento moderno da colonialidade. Por conseguinte, tem-se o corpo negro feminino dominado, apropriado e docilizado pelo sistema para sentir dor passivamente. Como solução epistemológica e prática, tem-se a bioética de intervenção, correlacionada com a decolonialidade, preocupada com as desigualdades sociais, propondo o diálogo como ferramenta de empoderamento feminino, para que haja máximo respeito à autonomia da mulher, a qual deve decidir a melhor forma que deve ser conduzido o seu parto. Logo, o instrumento mais eficaz não é o punitivismo, com a criação de tipos penais, mas a educação, como forma de adequar a linguagem entre os interlocutores, reverberando em um diálogo equitativo, construtivo com a medicina.
Conocimiento de métodos anticonceptivos en la población adolescente
Authors: López Andrew David Altamirano , Balarezo Gessi Maribel Sandoval
Published: February 2023

Introducción: El conocimiento de anticonceptivos juega un papel importante en el desarrollo del comportamiento y actitud sexual de los adolescentes, ya que permiten que la persona obtenga una percepción de bienestar y seguridad en relación a su sexualidad; en la actualidad ha existido un aumento de la morbimortalidad del adolescente secundaria a embarazos no deseados, abortos clandestinos e infecciones de transmisión sexual, por lo que como posibles soluciones a estos problemas de salud pública global diversos organismos locales e internacionales sanitarios han planteado una educación sexual sobre métodos de anticoncepción. Objetivo: Conocer el nivel de conocimiento sobre anticonceptivos en la población adolescente de la parroquia rural Los Laureles de la ciudad de Ambato. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional con muestreo aleatorio probabilístico. Se empleó una encuesta con preguntas cerradas con variables sociodemográficas y generalidades sobre métodos anticonceptivos, para evaluar el nivel de conocimiento se utilizó el instrumento validado SexContraKnow-Instrument, clasificando el nivel de conocimiento en insuficiente, malo, bueno y muy bueno. Resultados: En relación al nivel de conocimiento el 35,22% obtuvo un conocimiento bueno mientras que el 44,02% registró un insuficiente nivel en relación a los métodos anticonceptivos. Conclusiones: La población adolescente posee un conocimiento insuficiente sobre anticoncepción, siendo un gran riesgo para generar problemas en su comportamiento y actitud sexual, como embarazos no deseados, abortos e infecciones de transmisión sexual, existe un relativo conocimiento a los tipos de anticonceptivos y sus respectivos usos y desventajas.
Adolescent gender identity and sexual orientation: a school-based correlational study
Authors: Cordeiro Ana Catarina Lobo Maurício , Da Mota Ana João Dinis , Barros Teresa Madalena Kraus Brincheiro Hüttel , Ramalho Sónia Isabel Horta Salvo Moreira de Almeida , Gordo Clementina Maria Gomes de Oliveira , Dixe Maria dos Anjos Coelho Rodrigues , Moleiro Pascoal
Published: February 2023

Adolescents are increasingly encouraged to freely express their sexuality. The purpose of this study was to compare non-cisgender adolescents with cisgender/heterosexual adolescents and those who have an undefined gender identity and/or sexual orientation, on their future prospects, emotional state, sexuality, risk behaviors, and their perception of health care and its accessibility. Adolescents who identify as non-cisgender/heterosexual seem to have higher future aspirations, however, they have a more unstable emotional state, higher risky behaviors, and fear being prejudiced by health care professionals. The undefined group appears to be undefined about their sexuality and future aspirations, while reporting less risky behaviors.
Estudo retrospectivo dos primeiros três meses de pandemia da Covid-19 em Alagoas
Authors: Pimentel Vitória Santiago , Filho Fábio Franciolly Fonseca , Dos Santos José Jonathan , Saldanha-Filho Albérico José de Moura , Félix Valtuir Barbosa , Leão Sura Amélia Barbosa Félix , Trindade-Filho Euclides Maurício , Da Silva José Claudio
Published: February 2023

Introdução: Desde o final de 2019 as autoridades mundiais de saúde, estavam preocupadas com os casos de COVID-19 que apareceram e que cresceram a cada dia. A doença se espalhou para as capitais dos principais países europeus, incluindo Estados Unidos e América do Sul, e que rapidamente se expandiu para proporções de pandemia. O agente etiológico é um vírus letal e muito contagioso, e apresenta diversas variantes atualmente no mundo. Objetivo: Mapear os casos de COVID-19 no estado de Alagoas nos primeiros três meses de pandemia. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e transversal com coleta de variáveis a partir da base de dados on-line disponível no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde chamado Centro online de informações Estratégicas e Resposta em Vigilância em Saúde de Alagoas. Resultados: Durante os 3 primeiros meses da pandemia foi observado uma menor taxa de mortalidade comparado ao Brasil. No entanto, a incidência acompanhou aquelas observadas nos demais estados brasileiros. Foi registrado que 443 dos 10288 casos confirmados foram a óbito, resultando em mortalidade de 4,3%, dos quais, 44% dos óbitos foram do sexo feminino e 56% masculino. Conclusão: Nessa pesquisa foi demonstrado que os três primeiros meses de pandemia em Alagoas foi possível constatar um aumento gradativo nos números de casos de COVID-19. A mortalidade no estado foi de 4,3%, demonstrando incidência menor quando comparado com a população geral do Brasil no mesmo período.
Using artificial neural networks for pattern recognition of post-surgical infections
Authors: Tomé Fernanda , Michelim Lessandra , Lins Rodrigo Schrage , Bringmann Deise Renata , Corso Leandro Luis
Published: February 2023

The objective is to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) for identifying which surgical patients have a likelihood ratio of developing an infection. We included in the study all the patients who underwent surgeries with wound class considered clean at a regional public hospital in Brazil. The first step was a retrospective analysis of risk factors and a correlation test for identifying which clinical variables are best related to post-discharge infections. Then, we developed an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for pattern recognition to detect incidence of infections.  The ANN can make accurate predictions in 77.3% of the cases in which an infection will occur, and the AUROC of the model is 0.9050. Thus, it is possible to take actions before the patients develop it, improving the quality of life and mental health as well as avoid increasing costs.
Administration of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in IgA nephropathy; a new strategy in the management?
Authors: Ragati Haghi Yeganeh , Dieti Anastasia , Forootan Majid
Published: February 2023

Some of the several effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i), including their metabolic, anti-inflammatory and hemodynamic properties, along with other kidney protective values, have directed clinicians to give these drugs in IgA-nephropathy (IgAN). According to recent studies regarding the beneficial effects of SGLT-2i on IgAN, it is clear that clinicians are changing their approach towards kidney transplantation when it comes to aggressive immunosuppression. This mini-review aims towards the evaluation of the protective efficacy of SGLT-2i in IgA-nephropathy.
The association between pioglitazone consumption and incidence of bladder cancer in type II diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Ramezannezhad Pantea , Khosravifarsani Mohammadreza
Published: February 2023

Background: Bladder cancer is the single most prevalent urinary tract malignancy in humans with a higher risk in diabetic patients. Pioglitazone is among the conventional antidiabetic drugs. The present study thus seeks to investigate the association between the administration of pioglitazone and the incidence of bladder cancer in type II diabetic patients through a meta-analysis and systematic analysis. Materials and Methods: International databases including Web of Science, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar search engine were explored. To integrate the results of studies odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR) or hazard ratio (HR) logarithm was extracted from each study, and the I2 index or the Cochran’s Q test were conducted to examine the heterogeneities across studies. Data analysis was carried out in STATA version14 considering a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The 15 examined studies had investigated a total of 5,353,528 patients (1,536,723 patients in case groups and 3,816,805 patients in control groups). The relative risk of bladder cancer was [RR: 1.20 (95% CI: 1.09-1.32)] in pioglitazone users. Bladder cancer risk in pioglitazone users was higher by [RR: 1.14 (95% CI: 1.03-1.25)] compared to those who had never taken pioglitazone, [RR: 1.32 (95% CI: 1.02-1.70] compared to sulfonylurea users, and [RR: 1.57 (95% CI: 1.23-2)] compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) users. Moreover, the relative risk between pioglitazone consumption and bladder cancer was reported to be [RR: 1.27 (95% CI: 0.96-1.68)] in patients with a follow-up shorter than five years and [RR: 1.24 (95% CI: 1.09-1.41)] is patients with a follow-up of five years or longer. On the other hand, the relative risk between pioglitazone consumption and bladder cancer was [RR: 1 (95% CI: 0.69-1.45)] in 50-59 age group, [RR: 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04-1.38)] in the 60-69 age group, and [RR: 1.33 (95% CI: 1.14-1.56)] in the 70-79 age group. Conclusion: Patients who receive pioglitazone had a 20% higher risk of bladder cancer compared to those who had not taken pioglitazone or prescribed other medication such as sulfonylurea and DPP-4s. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID: CRD42023391151).