bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DENGAN TEKNIK KONTEKTUAL COMMUNITY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XII/IPS.4 SMAN 1 KERTOSONO NGANJUK
Authors: Sawin
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Learning History

in SMAN 1 Kertosono Nganjuk in its

implementation still leaves various problems. The majority of learning methods so

far are more emphasized on memorization which results in that students lack

understanding of the uses and benefits of what has been learne

d and cause a

decrease in student motivation. One alternative that can be used is the application

of contextual learning with Community Learning techniques. With the use of this

technique, it is hoped that History subjects can be easily understood and can

increase student motivation and learning achievement.

Departing from the above problems, in general the problems formulated in

this study are 1) How is the motivation and learning achievement of the history of

class XII / IPS.4 students before applying con

textual learning to the Learning

Community technique? 2) How is the contextual learning implementation with the

Learning Community technique in increasing motivation and learning

achievement History, 3) How is the motivation and learning achievement Histor

y

of class XII / IPS students.4 SMAN 1 Kertosono Nganjuk after applying contextual

learning with the Learning Community technique?

This research was conducted at SMAN 1 Kertosono Nganjuk. This

research is a class action research with collaborative type. Th

is research phase

follows the Kemmis and Taggart models which include planning, implementing

actions, observing, and reflecting activities. Data collection techniques used are:

(1) observation; (2) measurement of learning outcomes tests; and (3)

documentat

ion.

The results of the research that have been carried out that 1) Research

teachers carry out pre

-

cycle learning by applying lecture and test methods. 2)

Implementation of Contextual Learning with Community Learning Techniques on

the History of Class XII

/ IPS.4 Student History is carried out with 3 cycles

consisting of 6 meetings. During the learning process observations are carried

out to determine student motivation and at the end of the cycle a final test is

carried out to determine student learning o

utcomes. 3) Student's motivation and

learning achievement towards History through contextual learning with Learning

Community techniques has increased student learning motivation from pre

-

research by 14.29% to 17.14% in cycle I and in cycle II to 22.14%. I

n cycle III it

increased to 32.14%. The increase in learning outcomes at the time of pre

-

study

average class of 65.74 increased in the first cycle to 66.48. In cycle II it increased

to 73.16 and in cycle III it increased to 82.04. Likewise the completeness

of the

Annaba : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam

Volume

5

No.

2

,

1

September 2019

 

Sawin

202

Annaba : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam

class at the time of

the pre cycle by 37.04% increased to 51.85% in the first cycle

and increased in the second cycle to 70.37% and in the third cycle increased to

88.89%
Analysis Of Fundamental Factors In Planning And Teaching Conversation (keith s. Folse overview)
Authors: Khudriyah
Published: January 2020

bstract:

Conversation is part of speaking skill. Speaking is one of the

English skill that must be taught since Junior High School. Teaching conversation

needs hard work, the teachers should know everything related to the teaching.

There are many factors influnce

the teaching of conversation. According to Folse

the one who has taught ESL / EFL for more than thirty five years in some

countries. He has written many books on vocabulary, reading, speaking, writing,

grammar, and listening, including the popular Great Wr

iting series or Heinle

Cengage. He has won many teaching and research awards said that there are five

fundamental factors in planning and teaching conversation class such as

learner’s age, profeciency, level, and goal; the school curriculum; the topic bein

g

discussed; the two language in the task and for the task, and the activity serves as

vehical for conversation.
Pengembangan Standar Penilaian Dalam Pembelajaran P endidikan A gama I slam
Authors: Mahrus
Published: January 2020

Abstract: assessment of learning outcomes is referred to individual

assessment which emphasizes more on cognitive aspects. So in this framework

assessment must provide the same portion in each do

main, both cognitive,

affective and psychomotor. Moreover, religious education subjects do not just

understand the material to students, but also must be able to be applied in

everyday life behavior.
Pengembangan dan Evaluasi Kurikulum Pendidikan Di Pondok Pesantren Desa Ganjaran Gondanglegi Malang
Authors: Yazidul Busthomi  , Syamsul  A’dlom
Published: January 2020

Abstract: Islamic boarding schools in the village of Malang Ganjara

n

Gondanglegi are Islamic educational institutions with a Salaf Islamic curriculum

so far believed to be a place of religious education, proven to be one of the places

where preaching education still exists. However, curriculum development and

evaluation i

n this Islamic boarding school, there is still no data that can be

ascertained, so it is interesting to study. So the researcher raised a title

"development and evaluation of educational curricula in Malang Ganjaran

Gondanglegi boarding school". Based on t

he background of the problem stated

above, the problem formulation can be taken, namely: 1) How is the development

of the Islamic religious education curriculum in the Islamic boarding school of

Ganjaran Gondanglegi village in Malang ?. 2) What is the eval

uation of the

Islamic religious education curriculum in the Islamic boarding school of

Ganjaran Gondanglegi village in Malang ?. This study uses a qualitative

approach. Data was collected through interviews, participant observation and

documentation. From

the results of this study it was found that the development of

the Islamic religious education curriculum in the Ganjaran village Islamic

boarding school is by developing a curriculum plan with clear objectives,

developing curriculum plans according to the

characteristics of the santri,

preparing the lesson schedule, determining the teaching materials to be taught,

determining the material that must be read by santri, provide a source of teaching

and learning processes, prepare prospective Islamic religious

education teachers,

and in the application of educational curriculum is strongly influenced by the

ability of the teacher. The evaluation of the Islamic religious curriculum in the

Ganjaran village boarding school was carried out twice in the development

of its

curriculum, using measurement instruments in the form of standard tests, teacher

-

made tests, oral tests, and questionnaires.
Anthropogenic Noise Mapping of a Periurban Natural Park on the Coastal Area in the SW of Spain: Case Study of Bird's Ecosystem Protection
Authors: Cueto José Luis , Bienvenido-Huertas David , Fernández-Zacarías Francisco , Gey Ricardo , Hernández-Molina Ricardo
Published: January 2020

This article presents a methodological approach to try to respond to some of the protection and management needs against the noise of a peri-urban natural park. The methodology presented is based on the generation of "ad hoc" noise maps. To analyze its possibilities and the limits of
use, a coastal park surrounded by a densely populated area in the southwest of Spain is used as a case study. In this study, birds in their diverse ecosystems are the main target noise receiver of the study. The source of noise pollution considered is the traffic noise of the highways and
the urbanized areas surrounding the park. However, the methodology can be extrapolated to any source of noise and other protection figures. An adequate diagnosis of the environmental noise would help to overcome the supposed incompatibility between the preservation of nature and the tourist
exploitation of natural spaces. With this in mind, it has also been proposed as target noise receivers, the ornithologists and visitors who wish to become bird-watchers and bird-listeners. To this end, it has been proposed to produce noise maps with certain methodological guidelines that fit
on a case-by-case basis. Several heights are used in this paper, adapting the map to noise receivers. With the same purpose, noise level maps in octave bands were developed. The tonal frequencies of interest are those that the birds use in their songs (according to the species, normally between
2 and 8 kHz). The maps have been contrasted with noise measurements carried out throughout the park. The study shows that in the areas most exposed to the noise of the Rio San Pedro and the university campus, noise levels at 2 kHz can reach 74 dB during the peak traffic hours. In addition,
a large percentage of the area of both areas is affected by noise levels that exceed 50 dB (100% and 44% respectively). We are also concerned that a small population of birds has been counted in these areas based on preliminary observations at peak traffic times. The results can help the decision-makers
to evaluate how traffic noise invades different ecosystems and where it can mask the sound of birds.
Annoyance and Partial Masking of Wind Turbine Noise from Ambient Sources
Authors: Johansson Anders , Bolin Karl , Alvarsson Jesper
Published: January 2020

This paper investigates noise annoyance from wind turbines of different sizes and in different acoustic surroundings. A listening test was conducted where wind turbine noises were rated alone and together with background sounds from a deciduous forest, a busy city and road traffic.
A magnitude production procedure was implemented which showed high correlation between repeated measurements and the results were analysed using A-weighted sound levels, signal-to-noise ratios and time varying loudness and partial loudness. Ratings for wind turbine sound heard alone showed
no coherent statistically significant differences between wind turbine types, neither for A-weighted sound levels nor loudness. The masking test indicate that road traffic noise is a superior masker compared to forest sound. However, these effects where only statistically significant at low
sound levels, below the range 35–45 dB(A), where noise guidelines for wind turbine noise usually are stipulated.
Rating Level as a Method to Assess the Impact of Speech Noise on Cognitive Performance and Annoyance in Offices
Authors: Renz Tobias , Leistner Philip , Liebl Andreas
Published: January 2020

In Germany, the rating level is an important parameter to assess noise immissions in occupied offices. The rating level denotes the energy-equivalent sound pressure level during a measurement period with speech sounds and considers penalties for tonal, informational and impulsive constituents.
There is little evidence that the rating level correlates with the performance and perceived annoyance of office workers. This study evaluates 89 different sound conditions under which subjects have to complete a short-term memory task and a questionnaire in laboratory conditions with respect
to their relationships with the rating level. The relationships of the penalty for impulsiveness and the penalty for tonality or informational constituents with the rating level are analyzed separately. In addition, the penalty for tonality or informational constituents is substituted by percentile
level statistics, namely the difference between the 10th and 90th percentile levels. In contrast to the penalty for tonality or informational constituents, this metric is objectively measurable. Using the rating level to assess the noise at office workplaces could be
improved by using percentile level statistics to account for informational constituents. To improve the predictive validity, it is suggested to report the penalties separately.
Effects of High-Intensity Airborne Ultrasound Exposure on Behavioural and Electrophysiological Measures of Auditory Function
Authors: Carcagno Samuele , Di Battista Andrew , Plack Christopher J.
Published: January 2020

Regulations on safe ultrasound exposure limits are based on a very limited number of studies, which have only considered audiometric threshold shifts as indicators of hearing deficits. The purpose of the current study was to assess the effects of exposure to high-intensity ultrasound
on a range of measures of hearing function, which included audiometric thresholds, as well as subclinical measures of hearing deficits: speech-in-noise understanding, supra-threshold auditory brainstem response wave I amplitude and latency, and frequency following response levels to amplitude
modulated (AM) tones. Changes in these measures were assessed before and after exposure of the left ear to high-intensity ultrasound in a group of nine young listeners. These changes were compared to those observed in a control group of nine young listeners. Exposure consisted in the presentation
of a 40-kHz AM tone at levels of 105, 110, 115, and 120 dB SPL for 10 minutes at each level, plus an exposure to a 40-kHz unmodulated tone during an ultrasound detection task, for a total duration of 50 seconds. None of the measures of hearing function was found to change significantly more
for the left compared to the right ear, for participants of the exposure group compared to control participants. Electroencephalographic recordings obtained during exposure to the AM tone did not show significant phase-locked activity at the modulation frequency or at low-frequency subharmonics
of the ultrasound tone. One out of nine participants was able to perform the ultrasound detection task above chance level, although due to limitations of the experimental setup the mechanism by which she could detect the presentation of the tone remains unclear.
Exploring the Origin of Moving Groups and Diagonal Ridges by Simulations of Stellar Orbits and Birthplaces
Authors: Barros Douglas A. , Pérez-Villegas Angeles , Lépine Jacques R. D. , Michtchenko Tatiana A. , Vieira Ronaldo S. S.
Published: January 2020

The present paper is the culmination of a series aimed at contributing to the understanding of the kinematic structures of the solar neighborhood (SN), explaining the origin of the Local Arm, and relating the moving groups with the spiral-arms resonances in the disk. With a model for the Galactic potential, with the Sun inside the spiral corotation resonance (CR), we integrate the 2D orbits of test particles distributed in birthplaces along the main spiral arms, the Local Arm, and in the axisymmetric disk. A comparison of the resulting U–V plane of the SN with that provided by Gaia DR2 confirms our previous conclusion that the moving groups of Coma Berenices, Pleiades, and Hyades are associated with the CR, and that the Hercules stream is formed by the bulk of high-order inner Lindblad resonances. The kinematic structures result from stellar orbits trapped by the spiral resonances in a timespan of ∼1 Gyr, indicating the long-lived nature of the spiral structure and challenging recent arguments in favor of short-lived structures originated from incomplete phase mixing in the Galactic disk. As a byproduct, our simulations give some insight into the birthplaces of the stars presently located in the SN; the majority of stars of the main moving groups and the Hercules stream were likely born in the Local Arm, while stars of the Sirius group possibly originated from the outer segment of the Sagittarius–Carina arm. We also propose the spiral resonances as the dynamical origin for the diagonal ridges in the Galactic distribution of rotation velocities.
Mitigating Internal Instrument Coupling for 21 cm Cosmology. II. A Method Demonstration with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
Authors: Kern Nicholas S. , Parsons Aaron R. , Dillon Joshua S. , Lanman Adam E. , Liu Adrian , Bull Philip , Ewall-Wice Aaron , Abdurashidova Zara , Aguirre James E. , Alexander Paul , Ali Zaki S. , Balfour Yanga , Beardsley Adam P. , Bernardi Gianni , Bowman Judd D. , Bradley Richard F. , Burba Jacob , Carilli Chris L. , Cheng Carina , DeBoer David R. , Dexter Matt , de Lera Acedo Eloy , Fagnoni Nicolas , Fritz Randall , Furlanetto Steve R. , Glendenning Brian , Gorthi Deepthi , Greig Bradley , Grobbelaar Jasper , Halday Ziyaad , Hazelton Bryna J. , Hewitt Jacqueline N. , Hickish Jack , Jacobs Daniel C. , Julius Austin , Kerrigan Joshua , Kittiwisit Piyanat , Kohn Saul A. , Kolopanis Matthew , La Plante Paul , Lekalake Telalo , MacMahon David , Malan Lourence , Malgas Cresshim , Maree Matthys , Martinot Zachary E. , Matsetela Eunice , Mesinger Andrei , Molewa Mathakane , Morales Miguel F. , Mosiane Tshegofalang , Murray Steven G. , Neben Abraham R. , Parsons Aaron R. , Patra Nipanjana , Pieterse Samantha , Pober Jonathan C. , Razavi-Ghods Nima , Ringuette Jon , Robnett James , Rosie Kathryn , Sims Peter , Smith Craig , Syce Angelo , Thyagarajan Nithyanandan , Williams Peter K. G. , Zheng Haoxuan
Published: January 2020

We present a study of internal reflection and cross-coupling systematics in Phase I of the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). In a companion paper, we outlined the mathematical formalism for such systematics and presented algorithms for modeling and removing them from the data. In this work, we apply these techniques to data from HERA’s first observing season as a method demonstration. The data show evidence for systematics that, without removal, would hinder a detection of the 21 cm power spectrum for the targeted Epoch of Reionization (EoR) line-of-sight modes in the range 0.2 h
−1 Mpc−1 < 

 < 0.5 h
−1 Mpc−1. In particular, we find evidence for nonnegligible amounts of spectral structure in the raw autocorrelations that overlaps with the EoR window and is suggestive of complex instrumental effects. Through systematic modeling on a single night of data, we find we can recover these modes in the power spectrum down to the integrated noise floor, achieving a dynamic range in the EoR window of 106 in power (mK2 units) with respect to the bright galactic foreground signal. Future work with deeper integrations will help determine whether these systematics can continue to be mitigated down to EoR levels. For future observing seasons, HERA will have upgraded analog and digital hardware to better control these systematics in the field.
Hand hygiene practices and perceptions among healthcare workers in Ghana: A WASH intervention study
Authors: Labi Appiah , Obeng-Nkrumah Noah , Nuertey Benjamin Demah , Issahaku Sheila , Ndiaye Ndeye Fatou , Baffoe Peter , Duncan David , Wobil Priscilla , Enweronu-Laryea Christabel
Published: January 2020

Introduction: We aimed to investigate whether the provision of water, sanitation, and hand hygiene (WASH) interventions were associated with changes in hand hygiene compliance and perceptions of healthcare workers towards infection control.

Methodology: The study was conducted from June 2017 through February 2018 among healthcare workers in two Northern districts of Ghana. Using a pretest-posttest design, we performed hand hygiene observations and perception surveys at baseline (before the start of WASH interventions) and post-intervention (midline and endline). We assessed adherence to hand hygiene practice using the WHO direct observation tool. The perception study was conducted using the WHO perception survey for healthcare workers. Study outcomes were compared between baseline, midline and endline assessments.

Results: The hand hygiene compliance significantly improved from 28.8% at baseline through 51.7% at midline (n = 726/1404; 95% CI: 49.1-54.2%) to 67.9% at endline (n = 1000/1471; 95% CI: 65.6-70.3%). The highest increase in compliance was to the WHO hand hygiene moment 5 after touching patients surrounding (relative increase, 205%; relative rate, 3.05; 95% CI: 2.23-4.04; p < 0.0001). Post-intervention, the top three policies deemed most effective at improving hand hygiene practice were: provision of water source (rated mean score, n = 6.1 ± 1.4), participation in educational activities (rated mean score 6.0 ± 1.5); and hand hygiene promotional campaign (6.0 ± 1.3).

Conclusion: Hand hygiene compliance significantly improved post-intervention. Sustaining good hand hygiene practices in low resource settings should include education, the provision of essential supplies, and regular hand hygiene audits and feedback.
A quite sensitive fluorescent loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: Hu Yihong , Wan Zhenzhou , Mu Yonglin , Zhou Yi , Liu Jia , Lan Ke , Zhang Chiyu
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is a common respiratory virus closely related to respiratory tract infection (RTI). Rapid and accurate detection of hRSV is urgently needed to reduce the high morbidity and mortality due to hRSV infection.

Methodology: Here, we established a highly sensitive and specific reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the rapid detection of A and B group hRSV simultaneously. The specific primer sets for hRSV A and B groups were designed in the M and M2-2 gene, respectively. SYTO 9 was used as the fluorescent dye for real-time monitoring of the amplification of hRSV RNA without cross reaction between hRSV A and B.

Results: The limit of detection (LOD) of our new method was 281.17 50% tissue culture infective doses (TCID50)/mL for hRSV A and 1.58 TCID50/mL for hRSV B. Using 90 clinical samples, a comparison to traditional RT-PCR was performed to validate this assay. The positivity rate of RT-LAMP and RT-PCR were 67.8% and 55.6%, respectively, and the positivity rate of RT-LAMP was significantly higher than RT-PCR (χ2 test, P < 0.01).

Conclusions: Compared with traditional RT-PCR method, the newly developed fluorescent RT-LAMP combined with well-designed primers and SYTO 9 is quite sensitive, specific, rapid and well applicable to hRSV clinical diagnosis.
Clinical manifestations of primary and secondary dengue in Paraguay and its relation to virus serotype
Authors: Lovera Dolores , Martínez-Cuellar Celia , Galeano Fernando , Amarilla Sara , Vazquez Cynthia , Arbo Antonio
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Dengue virus (DENV) infection is currently a major cause of morbidity in the world, and its incidence has mainly increased during the last years in Latin America, including Paraguay. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical and laboratory findings of dengue and assess whether the serotype is a risk factor for severity.

Methodology: We included patients ≤ 15 years old hospitalized with dengue at the Institute of Tropical Medicine, from Paraguay, from 2007 to 2018. Patients were classified according to the 2009 WHO dengue classification guidelines and were stratified by serotype into three groups according to the hospitalization period: the 2007 epidemic (DENV-3), the 2012-2013 epidemic (DENV-2) and the 2016-2018 epidemic (DENV-1).

Results: Of 784 children hospitalized for dengue, 50 cases (6.3%) were caused by DENV-3, 471 (60%) by DENV-2, and 263 (33.5%) by DENV-1. Myalgias and headache were associated with DENV-3 cases and abdominal pain was associated with DENV-2 cases. Bleeding was observed mainly in DENV-1 and 2 cases. Patients with DENV-2 infections experienced more severe disease, required fluid expansion more frequently, and exhibited more often shock and admission in the ICU. Secondary cases of dengue were more severe that primary cases. Patients with infection by DENV-2 had longer hospital stays (5.1 ± 2.8 days) when compared to DENV-3 o DENV-1 infection cases (2.9 ± 1.6 days and 4.36 ± 2.7 days, respectively) (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The DENV serotype has a profound impact on the clinical manifestations and severity of dengue. DENV-2 infections were associated more frequently to requirement of fluid expansion, shock, and longer hospital stay.
Surveillance of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Chinese hospitals - A five-year retrospective study
Authors: Qu Xiaoyuan , Wang Haipeng , Chen Chaoran , Tao Zhimin , Yin Chang , Yin Aitian , Ma Chunyan , Idris Adi
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Antibiotic consumption is associated with the development of antibiotic resistance. Our aim was to study the relationship between antibiotic consumption and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) in three public general tertiary hospitals from 2011-2015 in the eastern, western and central regions of China.

Methodology: Valid data were collected quarterly, and the antibiotic consumption data were expressed as the defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 inpatient days (ID). Bacterial resistance was reported as the percentage of resistant isolates among all tested isolates. Individual trends were calculated by linear regression, while possible correlations between antibiotic consumption and CRKP were evaluated by distributed lags time series analysis.

Results: Over the 5-year period, an overall significant increasing trend (P < 0.1, R2 > 0.3) of carbapenems consumption and the prevalence of CRKP was observed in all three hospitals. This correlated with the use of ceftazidime, cefoperazone/sulbactam, cefminox and meropenem at a hospital in eastern China, with the increased use of meropenem at a hospital in eentral China and with the increased use of doxycycline, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, meropenem and biapenem at a hospital in western China.

Conclusions: We report a high incidence of CRKP in all three hospitals and that an increase in carbapenem usage is associated with this. Further research is needed to elucidate which factors influence the increased consumption of carbapenems.
Vaccination campaign strategies in recently arrived migrants: experience of an Italian reception centre
Authors: Vita Serena , Sinopoli Maria Teresa , Fontanelli Sulekova Lucia , Morucci Luca , Lopalco Maurizio , Spaziante Martina , Pacifici Laura Elena , Bazzardi Riccardo , Angeletti Silvia , Ciccozzi Massimo , Ceccarelli Giancarlo
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Control of vaccine preventable diseases, while constituting a priority of European health policies, is challenged by migrations from countries with suboptimal levels of immunization coverage. We report here two different types of vaccination campaign strategy in one of the bigger Italian asylum seekers’ centres. The vaccination service staff of the local national health institute came monthly during the first three years of observation, while in the last year, the vaccinations were offered directly upon arrival of migrants in the asylum seekers’ centre.

Methodology: we performed a descriptive cross-sectional study that analysed data collected from the database of the internal healthcare facility and ARVA Target tool, regarding vaccinations performed from 2013 to 2017 in the asylum seekers’ centre.

Results: In the four years of observation period the asylum seekers centre hosted 3941 migrants. Among them, 85% were vaccinated during their stay, for a total of 4252 vaccinations administered, covering 95% of minors and 85% of adults. During the study period, there was an important increase from an average of 10.5% of migrants vaccinated in the first three years to 66% in the last year, when vaccines were delivered directly upon arrival in the centre.

Conclusions: To improve the rate of immunization in migrants, the first requirement is a strong collaboration with the local vaccine services and the second,vaccinations must be carried out when migrants arrive at the asylum seekers’ centre, avoiding any delay.
Notes on the genus Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae) in Myanmar
Authors: Liu Qiang , Zhou Shi-Shun , Li Ren , Tan Yun-Hong , Zyaw Myint , Xing Xiao-Ke , Gao Jiang-Yun
Published: January 2020

Myanmar is known for its high species richness of genus Gastrochilus; however, most of them lack proper information for taxonomic revision. During four years of field investigation in Myanmar, two new distributional records were encountered, namely, G. arunachalensis and G. corymbosus and one species, i.e. G. pechei was rediscovered after its original description. The three species were not easy to interpret from the available original descriptions and types due to severely shrunk or poorly preserved specimens. Therefore, we hereby present more detailed illustrations and updated descriptions for these species, based on freshly collected materials.
Ophiorrhiza monsvictoriae (Rubiaceae, Rubioideae), a new species from Myanmar
Authors: Zhou Shi-Shun , Li Ren , Quan Rui-Chang , Shine Law , Duan Lin-Dong
Published: January 2020

A new species, Ophiorrhiza monsvictoriae S.S.Zhou & L.D.Duan, discovered at Natma Taung (Mt.Victoria) National Park, Chin State, Myanmar, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to O. dulongensis, but differs from the latter by its stipules broadly triangular, 2–4 mm long, inflorescence axillary, 1-flowered, bracts lanceolate to subulate, 1–2 mm long, puberulous, calyx pilose, 1–2 mm long, lobes and tube equal length, corolla narrowly funnelform, 15 mm long, puberulous outside.
A new species and two new records of Goniothalamus (Annonaceae) from Lao PDR
Authors: Yang Bin , Zhu Ren-Bin , Ding Hongbo , Bouamanivong Somsanith , Tan Yun-Hong
Published: January 2020

Goniothalamus saccopetaloides Y.H. Tan & Bin Yang, a new species is described and illustrated from Laos. This species shows morphological similarities to G. yunnanensis W.T. Wang, but it differs from the latter by having almost fleshy, involute and saccate outer petals, subglobose monocarps, and single seeded monocarps. Goniothalamus cheliensis, and G. calvicarpus are new records for the Flora of Lao PDR. A key to Goniothalamus species indigenous to Laos is provided here.
Schizostachyum dakrongense (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new species from Dakrong Nature Reserve, Vietnam
Authors: Tong Yi-Hua , Zheng Xi-Rong , Zhang You Yuan , Qin Qiao-Mei , Ni Jing-Bo , Vu Tien Chinh , Xia Nian-He
Published: January 2020

Schizostachyum dakrongenseis a new species of woody bamboo from Dakrong Nature Reserve, Quang Tri Province, central Vietnam. It is closely related toS. hainanensebut differs by its pseudospikelets having terminal rachilla segments with ciliate margin and 6 bracts; culm sheath with the base of the outer margin having a slight projection below its point of attachment at the node, as well as sheath blades usually less than half as long as the culm sheath proper; and leaf blades pale-puberulent and sparsely pilosulous on the abaxial surface. The new species is described and illustrated here.
L’air du temps – Verbatim
Authors: Braun Sophie , Lacour Laurence , Beldent Véronique , Colonna Marie-Laure , Delapalme Flore , Gaumont Marcel , Marnette Christian , Meyer Laurent , Mignet Mariette , Seale Sophie
Published: January 2020

Voici, à travers des témoignages personnels d’analystes, des représentations collectives et du collectif, conscientes et inconscientes, qui se font jour et prennent forme dans nos cabinets.
Élections grecques : chronique d’une défaite annoncée
Authors: Chiclet Christophe
Published: January 2020

Dans nos numéros de l’automne et de l’hiver 2014 1 , nous avions annoncé la victoire de la gauche radicale grecque puis son impossibilité à appliquer son programme de libéralisation économique et sociale. Était-ce si prémonitoire ? En fait pas vraiment. Un petit pays, seul sur la voie du combat contre le néolibéralisme tout puissant, n’avait aucune chance. Après quatre ans de gouvernance, le parti Syriza et son Premier ministre Alexis Tsipras ont perdu les législatives du 7 juillet dernier. Pouvait-il en être autrement tellement cette expérience gênait tant de monde ? Il n’est désormais plus nécessaire de faire sortir les soldats des casernes pour étrangler les expériences populaires. Le poids des pressions économiques et financières suffit largement, sans la moindre effusion de sang.
The antecedents of franchisee performance: an explanation based on control mechanisms
Authors: Beldi Adel , Karmeni Kerim
Published: January 2020

Les recherches récentes montrent que malgré l’importance du concept de performance dans le domaine de la franchise, la performance des franchisés n’a pas reçu assez d’attention. Afin de développer cette piste de recherche, nous nous focalisons dans la présente étude sur le rôle des mécanismes de contrôle dans la performance des franchisés. Pour tester nos hypothèses, nous avons conduit une enquête moyennant l’administration d’un questionnaire à 103 franchisés établis en France. Nos résultats montrent un rôle positif des mécanismes de contrôle social et comportemental dans la performance des franchisés. Cependant, nous n’avons pas pu observer un effet interactif des mécanismes de contrôle social et comportemental sur la performance des franchisés.
Doing Bad to Look Good: Negative Consequences of Image Concerns on Prosocial Behavior
Authors: Soraperra Ivan , Suvorov Anton , Van de Ven Jeroen , Villeval Marie Claire
Published: January 2020

Plusieurs études montrent que les préoccupations d’image sociale stimulent les comportements prosociaux. Nous étudions un contexte dans lequel il existe une incertitude sur l’action qui est prosociale. La quête d’une meilleure image sociale entre alors potentiellement en conflit avec le comportement prosocial. Ce conflit peut induire un « mauvais » comportement, où les individus réduisent leurs gains monétaires et ceux des autres afin de préserver une bonne image. Ce phénomène s’applique à divers types de biens de confiance. Par exemple, recommander un traitement bon marché réduit le profit de l’expert et risque de ne pas satisfaire le véritable besoin du client, mais est généralement bon pour l’image de l’expert (en signalant une absence de cupidité). Nous testons expérimentalement si les individus décident parfois de mal agir afin de bien paraître. Nous constatons que les individus se soucient de leur image, mais ces préoccupations seules ne les induisent pas à mal agir. Sans perspectives de futures interactions, les soucis d’image ne justifient pas un mauvais comportement. En revanche, quand la perspective de futures interactions donne une valeur instrumentale à la construction d’une bonne image (problèmes de réputation), nous observons des mauvais comportements à court terme afin d’assurer des revenus supérieurs à long terme. JEL  Codes: C92, D82, D91.
Mesurer les orientations de l’identité pour comprendre les préférences : une validation française du questionnaire sur les aspects de l’identité
Authors: Yin Rémi , Etilé Fabrice
Published: January 2020

Les concepts et travaux récents de la recherche en psychologie de l’identité peuvent permettre de mieux comprendre la formation et la dynamique des préférences économiques. Dans cette perspective, nous proposons une traduction française du questionnaire Aspects of Identity IV (AIQ-IV) qui mesure l’orientation individuelle de l’identité subjective selon ses dimensions personnelle, relationnelle, publique et collective (Cheek et Briggs [1982], [2013]). Cette étude de validation psychométrique teste les validités interne et externe de l’échelle sur un échantillon représentatif de jeunes adultes français (N = 1 118). Les analyses factorielles exploratoires et confirmatoires révèlent une structure à quatre facteurs qui correspond bien aux aspects personnel, relationnel, public et collectif de l’identité. Les réponses individuelles sont stables dans le temps. De plus, tout en étant modérément corrélée à des construits psychologiques connexes (estime de soi, estime de soi sociale, conscience de soi), les dimensions de l’AIQ-IV prédisent, à des degrés variés, les préférences pour le risque et le temps ainsi que les préférences sociales, mesurées grâce à des échelles de Likert ou des choix hypothétiques.
Mesure de Holt et Laury et décisions d’assurance : une même attitude face au risque ?
Authors: Corcos Anne , Pannequin François , Montmarquette Claude
Published: January 2020

L’attitude face au risque est un élément fondamental de la théorie de la décision et, en particulier, de la théorie de l’assurance. À l’aide d’une expérimentation fondée sur un modèle théorique, cet article examine si les attitudes face au risque (aversion ou goût pour le risque) obtenues à l’aide de la procédure de Holt et Laury [2002] sont corrélées avec celles inférées des décisions d’assurance en laboratoire. Nos résultats mettent en évidence la grande cohérence des attitudes vis-à-vis du risque évaluées à l’aide de ces deux procédures : pour plus des deux tiers des sujets rationnels, les deux mesures conduisent à la même affectation. De plus, l’intensité de l’aversion ou du goût pour le risque mesurée par la procédure de Holt et Laury fournit une bonne estimation du montant de couverture demandée.
Égoïste maintenant, ou altruiste (pour) demain ? Stratégies inter vs intragénérationnelles pour la conservation d’une ressource commune
Authors: Ajdukovic Ivan , Spiegelman Eli , Sutan Angela
Published: January 2020

La protection de l’environnement passe par la mise en œuvre d’actions coûteuses, au profit de personnes parfois inconnues et éloignées dans le temps. Ces actions pourraient sembler irrationnelles, sauf dans le cas où un individu chercherait à protéger le bien-être de proches, dans de futures générations. Nous comparons expérimentalement deux situations d’exploitation d’une ressource commune : les individus extracteurs sont membres de générations qui se suivent, sans lien dynastique (1) ; les individus des diverses générations sont membres de dynasties (2). Les individus qui savent que leur décision d’extraction va affecter les membres de leur dynastie appartenant à des générations futures font une extraction significativement moindre que les autres.
Lutte contre les cartels multimarchés : une comparaison expérimentale des programmes de clémence américain et européen
Authors: Brisset Karine , Cochard François , Lambert Eve-Angéline
Published: January 2020

Cette expérience en laboratoire compare les programmes de clémence américain et européen concernant la lutte contre les cartels multimarchés. La clémence consiste à accorder à une entreprise, membre d’un cartel illicite, une réduction ou une annulation d’amende si elle coopère et apporte les preuves de ce cartel à l’Autorité de la concurrence. Lorsque ces cartels concernent plusieurs marchés, les États-Unis ont renforcé cette clémence pour inciter les membres d’un premier cartel condamné à en révéler d’autres. Comparé au programme européen, ce programme nommé Amnesty Plus peut encourager davantage la formation de cartels par réduction du coût espéré d’une condamnation. Nos résultats ne confirment pas cet effet procollusif mais montrent que l’incitation à dénoncer est significativement plus élevée sous Amnesty Plus, avant et après qu’un premier cartel a été détecté.
Re-treatment in LASIK: To Flap Lift or Perform Surface Ablation
Authors: Chan Colin , Lawless Michael , Sutton Gerard , Hodge Chris
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE:

To review safety and efficacy outcomes following re-treatment for residual refractive errors in eyes with prior laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and determine the most appropriate course of action for patients.

METHODS:

A review of all patients undergoing LASIK enhancement at a single refractive surgery center between 2012 and 2017 was undertaken. Refraction and biomicroscopy results before and after enhancement were collated and analyzed according to the method of enhancement (flap lift or surface ablation).

RESULTS:

A total of 108 eyes were included in the analysis; 58 eyes underwent flap lift and 50 underwent surface ablation retreatment with mean times to enhancement of 22.3 and 53.2 months, respectively. The mean spherical equivalent prior to enhancement was −0.43 ± 0.69 and −1.03 ± 1.01 diopters (D) for the flap lift and surface ablation groups, respectively. The absolute difference from intended refraction was statistically significant (lift 0.16 ± 0.24 versus surface ablation 0.31 ± 0.35 D;
P
= .01). The difference was more pronounced for eyes with prior hyperopia (
P
= .041). The incidence of haze following re-treatment was 3.4% in the flap lift group versus 10.0% in the surface ablation group, and 8.6% of the flap lift group had evidence of epithelial ingrowth, with 1 eye requiring washout. There was no correlation between time to enhancement, refraction, and incidence of complications following the enhancement procedure.

CONCLUSIONS:

There has been a trend toward treating residual LASIK refractive error through surface ablation. This review suggests that flap lift may result in a more accurate refractive outcome, albeit with an expected greater risk of epithelial ingrowth.

[
J Refract Surg.
2020;36(1):6–11.]
The MEDITS maturity scales as a useful tool for investigating the reproductive traits of key species in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Follesa Maria Cristina , Agus Blondine , Bellodi Andrea , Cannas Rita , Capezzuto Francesca , Casciaro Loredana , Cau Alessandro , Cuccu Danila , Donnaloia Marilena , Fernandez-Arcaya Ulla , Gancitano Vita , Gaudio Palma , Marongiu Martina Francesca , Mulas Antonello , Pesci Paola , Porcu Cristina , Rossetti Ilaria , Sion Letizia , Vallisneri Maria , Carbonara Pierluigi
Published: January 2020

Maturity is one of the most important biological parameters used in stock assessment programmes. Indeed, the macroscopic stage of gonadal development is an essential feature in estimating the maturity ogive and spawning stock biomass. It is also useful for determining the spawning season of a species and for monitoring long-term changes in the spawning cycle as well as for many other research needs related to the biology of fish. Despite the efforts made during the last few decades to standardize maturity stage data among all the researchers, marine biologists continue without a manageable and unique maturity scale to describe the reproductive development of fish gonads. For these reasons, the objectives of this article are 1) to investigate the biological parameters of five selected key species (Mullus barbatus, Galeus melastomus, Etmopterus spinax, Aristeus antennatus, Loligo vulgaris) with different reproductive strategies following the macroscopic maturity scales based on the same univocal criteria adopted in the MEDITS programme and described in this work; and 2) to compare them among some Mediterranean geographical sub-areas (GSAs) involved in the programme. Neither spawning periods nor size at first maturity (SFM50) for the studied species showed particular differences in the investigated GSAs.
Spatio-temporal variability in the distribution pattern of anglerfish species in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Barcala Elena , Bellido Jose Maria , Bellodi Andrea , Carbonara Pierluigi , Carlucci Roberto , Casciaro Loredana , Esteban Antonio , Jadaud Angélique , Massaro Andrea , Peristaki Panagiota , Meléndez María José , Pérez Gil Jose Luis , Salmerón Francisca , Pennino Maria Grazia
Published: January 2020

The Mediterranean distributions of two species of anglerfish, the blackbellied anglerfish (Lophius budegassa) and the white anglerfish (Lophius piscatorius), were analysed from trawl survey data (MEDITS project – Spain, France, Italy and Greece) from 2006 to 2015 implementing a Delta model approach with residuals autocovariate boosted regression trees. Sea bottom temperature (SBT), sea bottom salinity (SBS), bathymetry, slope of the seabed and distance to the coast were considered possible predictors. The results show that the locations with a higher presence, abundance and biomass of L. budegassa are those with a depth range between 150 to 300 m, with an SBT range between 17.5 and 18.5°C, and SBS of 37-38 PSU. Similarly, L. piscatorius shows a higher probability of presence, abundance and biomass in location with a bathymetry range of 200-400 m, an SBT of 17.5°C to 18.5°C and an SBS of 36.5 to 37.5. Our results identify preference habitats for the anglerfishes in the Mediterranean Sea such as the Aegean Sea, the Gulf of Lions, south and southeast Spain and the northwestern Ionian Sea. In general terms, these findings enhance our understanding of the differences in the spatio-temporal distribution of these two species, providing useful information that can help their fisheries management and conservation.
Spatial and temporal patterns in the Mediterranean populations of Aristaeomorpha foliacea and Aristeus antennatus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Aristeidae) based on the MEDITS surveys
Authors: Guijarro Beatriz , Bitetto Isabella , D’Onghia Gianfranco , Follesa Maria Cristina , Kapiris Kostas , Mannini Alessandro , Marković Olivera , Micallef Reno , Ragonese Sergio , Skarvelis Kostas , Cau Angelo
Published: January 2020

The aristeids Aristaeomorpha foliacea and Aristeus antennatus are two species of great economic importance in the Mediterranean Sea, where they are exploited almost exclusively by bottom trawlers. We analysed their geographical and inter-annual patterns using data collected, following a standardized protocol, during the MEDITS international experimental bottom trawl surveys. The data used consisted of standardized abundance and biomass indices, size structure and individual biological information collected in the northern Mediterranean for more than two decades. Several univariate and multivariate methodologies were used to analyse the data. The current study confirms previous findings, such as the longitudinal gradient in the relative presence of the aristeids, but also offers additional information for a better understanding of the intrinsic variability of the data over the years and between areas. Moreover, geographical variability in the somatic condition index is discussed, taking into account the role of environmental conditions and fishing pressure. The large geographical variability found for both species in this regional approach reflects the importance of additional studies at a small-scale geographical level. Such studies could be particularly important for managing and ensuring the stability of these species, for which large regional approaches may be inadequate.
Assistive Technology to Help Students With Disabilities
Authors: Viner Mark , Singh Ajay , Shaughnessy Michael F.
Published: January 2020

This chapter reviews some of the low-tech as well as the high-tech devices available for a wide variety of students with special learning needs. A history of assistive technology devices is explored and defined. Assistive technology has increased in use in recent decades due to accessibility of computers and the digital age. Digital devices such as hand held scanners, online learning environments, and digital resources have changed the educational experiences for students with special needs and disabilities. In response, teacher in-service programs and ongoing professional development programs need to be involved to understand and develop appropriate 21st-century learning opportunities and curricula. Future trends, such as virtual reality (VR) environments, allow opportunities for safe, effective learning. To assist in understanding and choosing the appropriate devices, multiple resources, such as global and national organizations, and online resources are provided.
Teaching Millennials and Generation Z
Authors: Prater M. Renee
Published: January 2020

Each generation is defined not solely by the date of their birth, but also for their beliefs, their priorities, and their motivations. Many factors play heavily into the development of each generation's collective identify, including parenting styles, significant political and current events, changing gender roles, and other formative experiences. These factors significantly and uniquely influence how each generation lives, learns, and interacts with others (Gerhardt, 2016). While most medical educators today are baby boomers, the majority of medical students are millennial and generation Z individuals, who communicate, learn, and interact very differently than their instructors. As a result, effective medical educators are challenged to update their methods of instruction to best suit these newer generations of learners for better assimilation, clinical application, and long-term retention of material, to maintain delivery of high-quality healthcare in the country for future generations (Desy et al., 2017; Waljee, 2018).