bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Un análisis del trayecto histórico del currículo en Colombia Segunda mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Pineda Rodríguez Yheny Lorena , Loaiza Zuluaga Yasaldez Eder
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: dar cuenta del recorrido de las teorías curriculares que han soportado el devenir educativo en Colombia en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, tomando como base esencial la institucionalización de la segunda misión alemana y la propuesta de las guías de instrucción que dieron paso a la implementación de la Tecnología Educativa en los años 1960 y 1970, hasta llegar a la Ley General de Educación 115 de 1994, que surgió como fruto del gran Movimiento Pedagógico Colombiano promovido por los maestros del país a partir de 1982. Metodología: escrito de orden histórico- educativo, basado en el análisis documental. Hallazgos y conclusiones: en el análisis realizado se da cuenta de las diferentes, y en ocasiones paralelas, posturas que se presentaron en la época, las cuales respondían a intencionalidades más de orden económico que social en su instauración, lo cual por supuesto, afectó la naturalización de las propuestas curriculares en las instituciones escolares; en tanto se justificaron para algunos, desde lo que se presupuestaba en el mundo frente a estos temas, mientras que otros asumieron posturas críticas y férreo rechazo especialmente por parte de colectividades intelectuales, aspecto que se evidenció sobre todo con los postulados del Movimiento Pedagógico Colombiano.
Understanding the determinants of adoption of enterprise resource planning (ERP) technology within the agri-food context: the case of the Midwest of Brazil
Authors: Haberli Caetano , Oliveira Tiago , Yanaze Mitsuru
Published: September 2017

The object of this study is to investigate the determinants of adoption of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) technology in agricultural farms located in the Central-West region of Brazil. The data was collected from 200 in-depth interviews with soy, corn and cotton farmers from the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Structural Equations methodology was used to analyze the data and hypothesis. The conceptual model was proposed by combining Diffusion of Innovations and Technology-Organization-Environment theories. The results provide information to agribusiness owners, managers and administrators to promote and incentivize the use of ERP. Politicians and farmers can evaluate each scenario and support their political and administrative decisions through the evaluation of socioeconomic and environmental performances of agricultural exploration as a result of technological innovation. This leads to a need for an analytical tool for the farmers, with the objective of supporting the adoption of optimized ERP for agri-food activities.
Meeting the growth challenge: developing the next level organization for GASA Group Germany
Authors: Reifferscheidt Paul Philipp , Darr Dietrich
Published: September 2017

In order to remain successful, business organizations need to continuously adapt and respond to a changing environment. Rapid growth poses significant challenges to managers, not least with regard to maintaining the balance between efficiency and creativity in their organizations. Using the example of a wholesale company operating in the potted plants value chain in the lower Rhine valley, Germany, the case illustrates how the company was able to exploit the opportunities arising from the concentration in the value chain, and the necessity to adjust their organizational model in response to these changes. The case chooses the example of a small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) as such firms constitute the prevalent type of enterprises in Germany. Simultaneously, SMEs often find it particularly difficult to adapt their tangible and intangible resources to such changes. The current material is intended to help train future managers mastering this challenge.
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Impairs Insulin Sensitivity but Improves Whole-Body Glucose Tolerance by Activating Skeletal Muscle AMPK
Authors: Thomas Amandine , Belaidi Elise , Moulin Sophie , Horman Sandrine , van der Zon Gerard C. , Viollet Benoit , Levy Patrick , Bertrand Luc , Pepin Jean-Louis , Godin-Ribuot Diane , Guigas Bruno
Published: September 2017

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a highly prevalent disease resulting in transient respiratory arrest and chronic intermittent hypoxia (cIH). cIH is associated with insulin resistance and impaired metabolic homeostasis in rodents and humans, but the exact underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the current study, we investigated the effects of 2 weeks of cIH (1-min cycle, fraction of inspired oxygen 21–5%, 8 h/day) on whole-body insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in lean mice. Although food intake and body weight were reduced compared with normoxia, cIH induced systemic insulin resistance in a hypoxia-inducible factor 1–independent manner and impaired insulin signaling in liver, white adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle. Unexpectedly, cIH improved whole-body glucose tolerance independently of changes in body weight and glucose-induced insulin response. This effect was associated with elevated phosphorylation of Thr172-AMPK and Ser237-TBC1 domain family member 1 (TBC1D1) in skeletal muscle, suggesting a tissue-specific AMPK-dependent increase in TBC1D1-driven glucose uptake. Remarkably, although food intake, body weight, and systemic insulin sensitivity were still affected, the improvement in glucose tolerance by cIH was abolished in muscle-specific AMPKα1α2–deficient mice. We conclude that cIH impairs insulin sensitivity while improving whole-body glucose tolerance by promoting specific activation of the skeletal muscle AMPK pathway.
Ulkomaalaistaustaisten 9.-luokkalaisten nuorten päihteiden käyttö ja rahapelaaminen – Eurooppalaisen koululaiskyselyn tuloksia vuodelta 2015
Authors: Järvinen-Tassopoulos Johanna , Raitasalo Kirsimarja
Published: September 2017

Tutkimuksessa verrataan 15–16-vuotiaiden ulkomaalais- ja suomalaistaustaisten yläkoululaisten alkoholin käyttöä, kannabiskokeiluja, tupakkatuotteiden käyttöä ja rahapeliautomaateilla pelaamista. Lisäksi selvitetään nuorten päihteiden käyttöön ja rahapelaamiseen yhteydessä olevia tekijöitä. Aineisto on kerätty keväällä 2015 suomalaisista kouluista (n=258) 4049 oppilaalta (ulkomaalaistaustaisia n=135) eurooppalaista koululaisten päihteiden käyttöä koskevaa kyselytutkimusta (ESPAD) varten. Aineiston tilastollisessa analyysissa käytettiin ristiintaulukointia, χ²-testiä ja logistista regressioanalyysia ottaen otanta-asetelma huomioon. Alkoholin käyttö oli yleisempää suomalais- kuin ulkomaalaistaustaisten nuorten keskuudessa. Kannabiksen ja vesipiipun käyttö oli yleisempää ulkomaalaistaustaisten nuorten (erityisesti poikien) keskuudessa. Kaveripiirin päihteiden käyttö ja runsas ajanvietto kavereiden kanssa vapaa-ajalla lisäsivät päihteiden käytön todennäköisyyttä tytöillä ja pojilla. Ulkomaalaistaustaisilla nuorilla kavereiden kannabiksen käytöllä oli voimakkaampi yhteys omaan kannabiksen käyttöön kuin suomalaistaustaisilla nuorilla. Suomalais- ja ulkomaalaistaustaisten poikien viikoittaisessa rahapeliautomaateilla pelaamisessa ei ollut eroja, mutta raha-automaattipelaaminen oli merkitsevästi yleisempää ulkomaalais- kuin suomalaistaustaisilla tytöillä. Päihteiden käyttöön ja rahapelaamiseen yhteydessä olevat tekijät olivat pitkälti samoja kaikilla nuorilla. Ulkomaalaistaustasta riippumatta päihteiden käyttöön liittyvien riskien pitäminen suurina pienensi päihteiden käytön riskiä tytöillä ja pojilla. Myös se, että vanhemmat tiesivät nuorten perjantai-illan viettotavoista, pienensi päihteiden käytön riskiä. Rahapelaamisen riski oli suurempi pojilla ja niillä, jotka käyttivät muita päihteitä, hengailivat kavereiden kanssa ja joiden vanhemmat eivät tienneet nuortensa perjantai-illan viettotavoista.
Clasificación de Errores en una Red de Comunicación Industrial (Modbus TCP/IP)
Authors: Duran Acevedo Cristhian Manuel , Lizarazo Rivera Elkin Javier
Published: September 2017

Este artículo consiste en el desarrollo de una metodología aplicada a la clasificación de errores en una red de comunicación industrial (Modbus TCP/IP), a través de un método de reconocimiento de patrones. Las pruebas se realizaron con la programación de un PLC TWIDO TWDLCAE40DRF, y fue sometido a perturbaciones o fallos generados en la red. Los datos fueron adquiridos y monitoreados por la herramienta ModScan32 y posteriormente fueron procesados a través del Análisis de Componentes Principales (PCA), obteniendo una tasa de acierto en la discriminación de 100%. En este estudio fue posible clasificar de manera fácil y rápida algunos factores o errores generados en una comunicación Modbus.
ACTIVIDAD GENOTÃXICA DE AGUAS ANTES Y DESPUES DE CLORAR EN LA PLANTA DE POTABILIZACIÃN EMPOPAMPLONA
Authors: Melendez Gelvez Ivan , Quijano Parra Alfonso , Pardo Perez Enrique
Published: September 2017

ãResumen:La salud humana estÃ¡ estrechamente ligada a la calidad del agua que se consume, sin embargo cada dÃ­a son liberados contaminantes que ponen en riesgo su calidad. Lasaguas de consumo pueden contaminarse conÂ  pesticidas,desechos industriales,Â  aguas negras y subproductos de lacloraciÃ³n, dichos compuestosÂ  pueden inducir tumores e inclusola muerte, cuando la exposiciÃ³n es a largo plazo yÂ  dosis bajas. La planta de purificaciÃ³n de agua del municipio de Pamplona(EMPOPAMPLONA) se abastece de 4 efluentes que atraviesanzonas agrÃ­colas, por lo tanto las aguas pueden recibir pesticidas,ya que en estas zonas, ellos son utilizados indiscriminadamente.TambiÃ©n pueden contaminarse conÂ  desechos domiciliarios debido a que las fuentesÂ  abastecedoras pasan por caserÃ­os. AdemÃ¡s, las aguas tambiÃ©n pueden recibir subproductos del proceso de cloraciÃ³n, los cuales se ha demostrado sonÂ  fuertes mutÃ¡genos.El estudio contemplÃ³ la determinaciÃ³n de laÂ  genotoxicidad enaguas de tres sitios diferentes: Zona 1, agua antes de ingresar ala planta de tratamiento; zona 2, agua despuÃ©s de haber sidotratada y zona 3, agua despuÃ©s de haber sido clorada. Cadaensayo se realizÃ³ por triplicado. Se utilizÃ³ la prueba de ANOVA auna vÃ­a para determinar el nivel de significancia entre eltratamiento y control. Los resultados mostraron un incrementosignificativoÂ  de la genotoxicidad en los tres sitios analizados(p<0.01), lo que nos evidencia la presencia de compuestosgenotÃ³xicos, los cuales pueden constituir un riesgo para lapoblaciÃ³n expuesta, dado que se sabe de la estrecha relaciÃ³n que existe entre la exposiciÃ³n a mutÃ¡genos y la apariciÃ³nenfermedades como el cÃ¡ncer.
Test of Time – Mike Murley, Ed Bickert, and Steve Wallace (CD Review)
Authors: Desmeules Robin
Published: September 2017

[no abstract]
O Princípio (Geral) da Boa Administração e os Princípios Aplicáveis no Âmbito do Procedimento Tributário
Authors: Azevedo Patrícia Anjos
Published: September 2017

O princípio da boa administração (constitucionalmente consagrado nos art.°s 266.° e seguintes da CRP) perpassa toda a relação jurídico-administrativa e também toda a relação jurídico-tributária, apresentando como um dos mais importantes corolários o denominado "princípio da colaboração" (previsto no art.° 59.° da Lei Geral Tributária). O aludido princípio da colaboração institui, de uma maneira geral, a regra de acordo com a qual a administração tributária e os contribuintes se encontram sujeitos a um amplo dever de colaboração, no âmbito das relações de natureza tributária que entre eles se estabelecem. (...)
Quelques Réflexions Autour du Projet de Loi Français Relatif à La Biodiversité
Authors: Thierry Damien
Published: September 2017

Annoncé depuis longtemps, le «projet de loi relatif à la biodiversité» doit être discuté au cours de cet été 2014 devant le parlement français afin de moderniser la politique de conservation de la faune, de la flore et des habitats en France près de quarante ans après la loi du 10 juillet 1976 sur la protection de la nature' qui en a posé les premières bases.
References to Evolution of Protection of Fundamental Rights of the European Union Law
Authors: Alves Dora Resende
Published: September 2017

Introdução1.Conceitos2. Primeiros textos europeus3. Textos da União Europeia3.1 A Carta dos Direitos Fundamentais da União Europeia3.1.1. O Representante Especial da UE para os Direitos Humanos3.2. A Convenção Europeia dos Direitos do HomemConclusões
Alienação de Bens Pelas Fundações
Authors: Henriques Paula Sofia Argaínha Fonseca
Published: September 2017

A propósito do tema “invalidades” proposto para os seminários de Direito Privado do terceiro ciclo em Direito, orientados pelo Professor Doutor Carlos Ferreira de Almeida, surgiu a ideia de analisar o artigo 11.o da Lei-Quadro das Fundações e a invalidade aí prevista.Esta norma prevê a nulidade como consequência jurídica para a alienação de bens com especial signi cado para o desempenho dos ns de uma dada fundação, atribuídos pelo fundador e especi cados no ato de instituição, não precedida da respetiva autorização ministerial.A previsão normativa de cariz excecional e a consequência jurídica atípica desviaram a investigação para o estudo do artigo 160 o do Código Civil, da capacidade das pessoas colectivas e limitações impostas a essa mesma capacidade. A opção por esta análise da natureza jurídica da previsão normativa auxiliou a responder a algumas questões práticas que se podem colocar ao aplicador e ao intérprete do artigo 11 o da Lei-Quadro das Fundações, aquando a sua leitura.Pelo que, com este trabalho pretendo apresentar um estudo teórico de uma invalidade, a nulidade prevista no referido artigo 11º da Lei-Quadro das Fundações, sem a descontextualizar ou perder de vista a aplicação prática do preceito e a sua implicação no quotidiano das Fundações públicas e privadas com estatuto de utilidade pública.
Портокавальне шунтування як спосіб усунення портальної гіпертензії у хворих на цироз печінки
Authors: Dzygal O. F. , Grubnik Yu. V. , Savitskiy I. V.
Published: September 2017

У 98 хворих з приводу цирозу печінки (ЦП) та портальної гіпертензії (ПГ) виконано мініінвазивну операцію портокавального шунтування (ПКШ). Для селективної декомпресії системи ворітної вени (ВВ) формували дистальний спленоренальний анастомоз, для її парціальної декомпресії – портокавальні анастомози. Наведені показання та протипоказання до виконання операції ПКШ. Тривалість спостереження безпосередньо після операції 3 – 6 міс, у віддаленому періоді – 4 – 5 років. Дані клінічного спостереження свідчать про доцільність виконання ПКШ у хворих на ЦП, покращення клінічного стану хворих, декомпресію системи ВВ, зменшення тяжкості енцефалопатії, частоти ускладнень. Селективне і парціальне ПКШ з метою корекції ПГ при ЦП є ефективним засобом лікування основного захворювання, забезпечує попередження стравохідно–шлункової кровотечі у віддаленому періоді спостереження, виживання пацієнтів за компенсованої або субкомпенсованої функції печінки.
Лікування інфекцій ділянки хірургічного втручання
Authors: Kravtsiv M. I. , Liulka O. M. , Liakhovskyy V. I.
Published: September 2017

Узагальнені результати лікування 26 хворих, у яких після оперативного втручання виникло нагноєння лапаротомної рани. Комплексне лікування з використанням метаболітотропної терапії сприяло більш швидкому загоєнню ран та ерадикації патогенної мікрофлори.
A Natural Experiment on the Effect of Time Given for Quizzes on Veterinary Student Performance in a Required Principles of Anesthesia Course
Authors: Hofmeister Erik H.
Published: September 2017

Assessments can cause significant distress in veterinary students and are listed as some of the greatest causes of academic stress. The purpose of this natural experiment was to determine if there is a relationship between amount of time given to complete quizzes and the students' score on the quiz. The Principles of Anesthesia course is required of all students. Quizzes are administered at the start of a class period and spaced throughout the course to cover 2–4 lectures per quiz. Once the allotted time has passed (3–6 minutes), students are notified they have 2 minutes to return the quiz to the instructor. To complete the quiz, students had 3 minutes in 2012 and 2013, 4 minutes in 2014, 5 minutes in 2015, and 6 minutes in 2016. The average quiz score was significantly lower with 3 minutes than with 4 or 6 minutes. Students in the bottom quartile scored significantly higher with 4, 5, or 6 minutes than with 3 minutes. Students in the upper quartile scored significantly higher with 4 minutes than with 3 minutes and with 4 minutes than with 5 minutes. The time provided for students to complete a free-response quiz was not associated with student performance once a certain minimum time (4 minutes) was provided. Providing students an appropriate, but not excessive, amount of time to complete assessments will allow for appropriately applied assessments and preserve time dedicated to instruction.
Finite Element Modeling of Permanent Deformation in the Loaded Wheel Tracker Test
Authors: Saleh Mofreh , Ghorban Ebrahimi Milad
Published: September 2017

Rutting distress is one of the most common modes of failure in flexible pavements and is caused by cumulative permanent deformations in the wheelpath under repeated axle loads. Rutting can occur largely in the asphalt layer or in both asphalt and the other pavement layers. Permanent deformation is commonly characterized by the uniaxial static or dynamic creep test or triaxle repeated loading creep test in addition to the wheel tracker test. The uniaxial and triaxle creep tests provide fundamental information about creep compliance and number of cycles or time that will yield important information about viscoelastic parameters that can be used to develop permanent deformation models. In the research presented in this paper, both the creep and the Burgers model were used in finite element modeling with Abaqus to model the permanent deformation behavior of dense graded asphalt concrete mix loaded in the wheel tracker test. Uniaxial creep test data were used to determine the viscoelastic parameters required for the Abaqus creep model and Burgers model. The wheel tracker test was conducted on the modeled mix, and the experimental data output was used to validate the finite element model. Both the creep and the Burgers model reasonably modeled the permanent deformation behavior, but neither model provided perfect predictions of the measured data.
Wavelet Analysis to Characterize the Dependency of Vehicular Emissions on Road Roughness
Authors: Khan Mahbuba , Qiao Fengxiang , Yu Lei
Published: September 2017

Decomposition and transformation algorithms are important tools in data analyses, including air pollution data processing, which has been a principal environmental concern for many decades. One of the main sources of air pollution is vehicular emissions, which contain harmful greenhouse gases. In addition to such factors as speed and acceleration affecting the quantity of emissions and fuel consumption, pavement roughness is an indirect factor. The portable emissions measurement system (PEMS) is used to collect on-road emissions data every second, and smartphone apps such as Roadroid are used to estimate road roughness. These data can be combined and correlated with vehicular activities such as speed, acceleration, and vehicle specific power and analyzed in detail to reveal the actual impact of roughness on emissions. However, analytical modeling can provide only an average estimation and does not retain local roughness and how it affects emissions. Such detailed information is necessary for pavement diagnosis and maintenance and emissions control. This paper presents a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) procedure that can offer local and supplementary relationships between pavement roughness and emissions that other simplified techniques cannot. PEMS data of four road segments in greater Houston, Texas, were considered to be decomposed by one-dimensional DWT for analysis of the wavelet subbands and their energies. The results of this study can be used in planning to minimize emissions with consideration for pavement conditions.
Finite Element Framework for the Computation of Runway Friction of Aircraft Tires
Authors: Anupam Kumar , Santosh Kumar Srirangam , Kasbergen Cor , Scarpas Athanasios , Kane Malal
Published: September 2017

Safe runway operations are an important consideration and challenge for airport authorities. Investigations have shown that runway friction is greatly reduced during wet weather operations. Any traction failure during high-speed landing and take off of an aircraft could lead to accidents and loss of human life. In practice, runway friction is estimated with a ground vehicle, such as continuous friction measuring equipment equipped with a Pavement International Association of Road Congress (PIARC) tire. Recommendations for safe runway friction are based on statistical correlations between such devices and aircraft tires. However, such correlations do not incorporate the variability of the field conditions to the test condition. This paper presents an approach that uses a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model capable of simulating a rolling aircraft tire at any given operating conditions. The highlight of the approach is the consideration of FE meshes of asphalt surfaces rather than artificial surfaces. The model was used to determine the effect of aircraft tire operating conditions on runway friction. The trends of results predicted by the model agree with the previous experimental studies on aircraft tires. It was also found that the computed wet friction of a PIARC tire and an aircraft tire are different, particularly for the extreme operating conditions of tire inflation pressure and water depth. This result indicates that an intrinsic variability exists between the friction coefficients of an aircraft tire and a PIARC tire.
Research on Comfort and Safety Threshold of Pavement Roughness
Authors: Hu Jiangbi , Gao Xiaojuan , Wang Ronghua , Sun Shuya
Published: September 2017

Pavement roughness, which may cause vehicle vibrations and driving instability and even cause loss of control, is the main cause of unsafe and uncomfortable driving. In most countries, the international roughness index (IRI) is used to measure pavement roughness. Driving comfort and safety are currently evaluated with an empirical method of expert scoring, and reliable experimental measurements are not created. Based on previous work, which included evaluation of driving comfort and safety (driving workload) according to physiological and psychological indexes, as well as thresholds of driving comfort and safety, this paper determines the mathematical relationship between IRI and driving workload with experimental data of real vehicles to study the threshold of IRI for driving comfort and safety. Experimental data, including physiological and psychological indexes, driving speed, and IRI, of 12 car drivers and 12 truck drivers driving at a speed of 60 km/h were collected on a road with high alignment elements that had no impact on driving workload in northwest China. The mathematical relationships between IRI and driving workload of car drivers and truck drivers were determined, and thresholds of IRI on road segments at various risk levels for driving comfort and safety were obtained. The results show that standard IRI values for pavement maintenance in China are beyond the comfort and safety thresholds for both car drivers and truck drivers. Methods and conclusions in this paper could provide theoretical and technical support for the improvement of pavement service.
Development of a Mean Profile Depth to Mean Texture Depth Shift Factor for Asphalt Pavements
Authors: Plati Christina , Pomoni Maria , Stergiou Tasos
Published: September 2017

The initial condition of a newly constructed pavement structure, also known as the zero point, provides valuable information and can be included in pavement management systems. The zero point data for the initial macrotexture level can be gathered both quickly and efficiently by measuring the mean profile depth (MPD) of the pavement surface with a laser profiler immediately after the end of the construction phase and before the road pavement is opened to traffic. However, in many countries the specifications for macrotexture levels during this phase are gathered through the mean texture depth (MTD) index derived from the sand patch method, which is both location specific and time-consuming. Thus, the study presented in this paper investigated the applicability of the ASTM E1845 equation to the field data collected from a newly constructed highway and then developed a methodology to form a shift factor that could allow the direct estimation of MTD data with MPD data. The investigation findings showed that the applicability of the ASTM equation was not validated for the particular highway, a conclusion that was drawn in other relevant investigations. On the contrary, the developed factor to shift MPD data to MTD appears to be effective for use by pavement engineers with validation results supporting the conclusion. This paper presents details highlighting the need to consider the individual characteristics of each pavement surface, as improper use of the ASTM equation could lead to erroneous results.
Assessment of Using Inertial Profilers to Measure Ride Quality on Short Projects
Authors: Kouchaki Sareh , Prozzi Jorge A. , de Fortier Smit Andre , Buddhavarapu Prasad
Published: September 2017

The Texas Department of Transportation (DOT) ride standard specifies two devices for measuring ride quality on pavement projects: the 10-ft (3-m) straightedge and the inertial profiler. According to this specification, inertial profilers measure the ride quality on projects longer than 2,500 ft (762 m). The 10-ft straightedge must be used to survey roughness for projects of less than 2,500 ft. A study was conducted to identify the potential issues associated with the use of inertial profilers and the international roughness index (IRI) algorithm on short projects. A literature review was performed to collect required information about the inertial profiler operation and the IRI algorithm. A field experiment was conducted with an inertial profiler certified by the Texas DOT. The collected data were analyzed to investigate the effect of profiling speed and segment length. The results indicate that inertial profilers can be used to collect profile data on short segments of less than 2,500 ft, but the IRI algorithm should be used on projects longer than 528 ft (161 m), below which the variation between IRI results increases significantly.
Le gestionnaire public au cœur de logiques contradictoires
Authors: Banoun Arnaud , Rochette Corinne
Published: September 2017

Les organisations publiques, à des fins de rationalisation, adoptent de nouveaux modes organisationnels. Les centres de services partagés s’inscrivent dans cette perspective gestionnaire. Leur mise en place génère des tensions dont l’origine réside dans la difficulté à faire coexister des mondes aux logiques différentes. Notre recherche montre que la mise en place d’un centre de services partagés suit un processus séquentiel dont chacune des phases est associée à des tensions qui peuvent être dépassées grâce à des mécanismes d’ajustement. La recherche débouche sur la formalisation du processus d’évolution des CSP qui constitue pour les gestionnaires publics une grille de lecture permettant d’anticiper et de traiter les situations sensibles rencontrées.
Le cynisme organisationnel, un moindre mal ?
Authors: Mercier Guillaume
Published: September 2017

Le cynisme organisationnel, généralement considéré comme néfaste, semble pourtant constituer une réponse de moindre mal face à des violations de contrat psychologique. À partir de l’étude empirique d’une crise dans un cabinet de conseil, l’auteur montre que le cynisme offre aux employés une réponse internalisée et sans risque, qui ne les empêche pas de poursuivre leur rôle extérieur et évite l’émergence de réponses plus violentes au sein de l’entreprise. Ce phénomène, individuel et collectif, leur permet de réajuster leur contrat psychologique – mais dans un désengagement émotionnel.
La fidélité à une enseigne de déstockage physique
Authors: Diawara Tiéfing
Published: September 2017

L’objectif de cette recherche est d’analyser les facteurs explicatifs et les processus de formation de la fidélité d’une enseigne de distribution dans le secteur du déstockage physique (une variante du modèle low-cost dans la distribution). Les résultats montrent une influence positive et directe de la satisfaction et de l’engagement affectif sur les intentions de fidélité. En plus d’une fidélité transactionnelle, ils traduisent l’existence d’une fidélité hybride (combinant processus transactionnel et relationnel) dans un contexte a priori uniquement transactionnel. Ces résultats plaident pour l’intégration des approches transactionnelle et relationnelle dans tout cadre d’analyse de la fidélité des consommateurs.
Clinicopathological variables of sporadic schwannomas of peripheral nerve in 291 patients and expression of biologically relevant markers
Authors: Young Eric D. , Ingram Davis , Metcalf-Doetsch William , Khan Dilshad , Al Sannaa Ghadah , Le Loarer Francois , Lazar Alexander J. F. , Slopis John , Torres Keila E. , Lev Dina , Pollock Raphael E. , McCutcheon Ian E.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE

While sporadic peripheral schwannomas (SPSs) are generally well treated with surgery, their biology is not well understood. Consequently, treatment options are limited. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive description of SPS. The authors describe clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of patients harboring these tumors, and they assess expression of biomarkers using a clinically annotated tissue microarray. Together, these data give new insight into the biology and management of SPS.

METHODS

Patients presenting with a primary SPS between 1993 and 2011 (n = 291) were selected from an institutional registry to construct a clinical database. All patients underwent follow-up, and short- and long-term outcomes were assessed. Expression of relevant biomarkers was assessed using a new tissue microarray (n = 121).

RESULTS

SPSs were generally large (mean 5.5 cm) and frequently painful at presentation (55%). Most patients were treated with surgery (80%), the majority of whom experienced complete resolution (52%) or improvement (18%) of their symptoms. Tumors that were completely resected (85%) did not recur. Some patients experienced short-term (16%) and long-term (4%) complications postoperatively. Schwannomas expressed higher levels of platelet-derived growth factor receptor–β (2.1) than malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) (1.5, p = 0.004) and neurofibromas (1.33, p = 0.007). Expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor–2 was greater in SPSs (0.91) than in MPNSTs (0.33, p = 0.002) and neurofibromas (0.33, p = 0.026). Epidermal growth factor receptor was expressed in far fewer SPS cells (10%) than in MPNSTs (58%, p < 0.0001) or neurofibromas (37%, p = 0.007). SPSs more frequently expressed cytoplasmic survivin (66% of tumor cells) than normal nerve (46% of cells), but SPS expressed nuclear survivin in fewer tumor cells than in MPNSTs (24% and 50%, respectively; p = 0.018).

CONCLUSIONS

Complete resection is curative for SPS. Left untreated, however, these tumors can cause significant morbidity, and not all patients are candidates for resection. SPSs express a pattern of biomarkers consistent with the dysregulation of the tumor suppressor merlin observed in neurofibromatosis Type 2–associated schwannomas, suggesting a shared etiology. This SPS pattern is distinct from that of other tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath.
Volume of distribution and clearance of peptide-based nanofiber after convection-enhanced delivery
Authors: Singh Ranjodh , Bellat Vanessa , Wang Melinda , Schweitzer Melanie E. , Wu Y. Linda , Tung Ching-Hsuan , Souweidane Mark M. , Law Benedict
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE

Drug clearance may be a limiting factor in the clinical application of convection-enhanced delivery (CED). Peptide-based nanofibers (NFPs) have a high aspect ratio, and NFPs loaded with drugs could potentially maintain effective drug concentrations for an extended period sufficient for cancer therapy. The objective of this study was to assess the volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance of variable lengths of NFPs when administered using CED.

METHODS

NFPs composed of multiple methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG)-conjugated constructs (mPEG2000-KLDLKLDLKLDL-K(FITC)-CONH2, for which FITC is fluorescein isothiocyanate) were assembled in an aqueous buffer. The NFPs were approximately 5 nm in width and were formulated into different lengths: 100 nm (NFP-100), 400 nm (NFP-400), and 1000 nm (NFP-1000). The NFP surface was covalently conjugated with multiple Cy5.5 fluorophores as the optical reporters to track the post-CED distribution. Forty-two 6- to 8-week-old Ntv-a;p53fl/fl mice underwent CED to the striatum. Animals were killed immediately, 24 hours or 72 hours after CED. The brains were extracted and sectioned for assessing NFP Vd to volume of infusion (Vi) ratio, and clearance using fluorescence microscopy.

RESULTS

CED of NFPs was well tolerated by all the animals. The average Vd/Vi ratios for NFP-100, NFP-400, NFP-1000, and unconjugated positive control (free Cy5.5) were 1.87, 2.47, 1.07, and 3.0, respectively, which were statistically different (p = 0.003). The percentages remaining of the original infusion volume at 24 hours for NFP-100, -400, and -1000 were 40%, 90%, and 74%, respectively. The percentages remaining at 72 hours for NFP-100, -400, and -1000 were 15%, 30%, and 46%, respectively. Unconjugated Cy5.5 was not detected at 24 or 72 hours after CED.

CONCLUSIONS

CED of NFPs is feasible with Vd/Vi ratios and clearance rates comparable to other nanocarriers. Of the 3 NFPs, NFP-400 appears to provide the best distribution and slowest clearance after 24 hours. NFP provides a dynamic theranostic platform, with the potential to deliver clinically efficacious drug payload to brain tumor after CED.
Threshold of the extent of resection for WHO Grade III gliomas: retrospective volumetric analysis of 122 cases using intraoperative MRI
Authors: Fujii Yu , Muragaki Yoshihiro , Maruyama Takashi , Nitta Masayuki , Saito Taiichi , Ikuta Soko , Iseki Hiroshi , Hongo Kazuhiro , Kawamata Takakazu
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE

WHO Grade III gliomas are relatively rare and treated with multiple modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The impact of the extent of resection (EOR) on improving survival in patients with this tumor type is unclear. Moreover, because of the heterogeneous radiological appearance of Grade III gliomas, the MRI sequence that best correlates with tumor volume is unknown. In the present retrospective study, the authors evaluated the prognostic significance of EOR.

METHODS

Clinical and radiological data from 122 patients with newly diagnosed WHO Grade III gliomas who had undergone intraoperative MRI–guided resection at a single institution between March 2000 and December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into 2 groups by histological subtype: 81 patients had anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) or anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (AOA), and 41 patients had anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO). EOR was calculated using pre- and postoperative T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of EOR on overall survival (OS).

RESULTS

The 5-, 8-, and 10-year OS rates for all patients were 74.28%, 70.59%, and 65.88%, respectively. The 5- and 8-year OS rates for patients with AA and AOA were 72.2% and 67.2%, respectively, and the 10-year OS rate was 62.0%. On the other hand, the 5- and 8-year OS rates for patients with AO were 79.0% and 79.0%; the 10-year OS rate is not yet available. The median pre- and postoperative T2-weighted high–signal intensity volumes were 56.1 cm3 (range 1.3–268 cm3) and 5.9 cm3 (range 0–180 cm3), respectively. The median EOR of T2-weighted high–signal intensity lesions (T2-EOR) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted lesions were 88.8% (range 0.3%–100%) and 100% (range 34.0%–100%), respectively. A significant survival advantage was associated with resection of 53% or more of the preoperative T2-weighted high–signal intensity volume in patients with AA and AOA, but not in patients with AO. Univariate analysis showed that preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale score (p = 0.0019), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation (p = 0.0008), and T2-EOR (p = 0.0208) were significant prognostic factors for survival in patients with AA and AOA. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that T2-EOR (HR 3.28; 95% CI 1.22–8.81; p = 0.0192) and IDH1 mutation (HR 3.90; 95% CI 1.53–10.75; p = 0.0044) were predictive of survival in patients with AA and AOA.

CONCLUSIONS

T2-EOR was one of the most important prognostic factors for patients with AA and AOA. A significant survival advantage was associated with resection of 53% or more of the preoperative T2-weighted high–signal intensity volume in patients with AA and AOA.
Sagittal alignment and complications following lumbar 3-column osteotomy: does the level of resection matter?
Authors: Ferrero Emmanuelle , Liabaud Barthelemy , Henry Jensen K. , Ames Christopher P. , Kebaish Khaled , Mundis Gregory M. , Hostin Richard , Gupta Munish C. , Boachie-Adjei Oheneba , Smith Justin S. , Hart Robert A. , Obeid Ibrahim , Diebo Bassel G. , Schwab Frank J. , Lafage Virginie
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE

Three-column osteotomy (3CO) is a demanding technique that is performed to correct sagittal spinal malalignment. However, the impact of the 3CO level on pelvic or truncal sagittal correction remains unclear. In this study, the authors assessed the impact of 3CO level and postoperative apex of lumbar lordosis on sagittal alignment correction, complications, and revisions.

METHODS

In this retrospective study of a multicenter spinal deformity database, radiographic data were analyzed at baseline and at 1- and 2-year follow-up to quantify spinopelvic alignment, apex of lordosis, and resection angle. The impact of 3CO level and apex level of lumbar lordosis on the sagittal correction was assessed. Logistic regression analyses were performed, controlling for cofounders, to investigate the effects of 3CO level and apex level on intraoperative and postoperative complications as well as on the need for subsequent revision surgery.

RESULTS

A total of 468 patients were included (mean age 60.8 years, mean body mass index 28.1 kg/m2); 70% of patients were female. The average 3CO resection angle was 25.1° and did not significantly differ with regard to 3CO level. There were no significant correlations between the 3CO level and amount of sagittal vertical axis or pelvic tilt correction. The postoperative apex level significantly correlated with greater correction of pelvic tilt (2° per more caudal level, R = −0.2, p = 0.006). Lower-level 3CO significantly correlated with revisions for pseudarthrosis (OR = 3.88, p = 0.001) and postoperative motor deficits (OR = 2.02, p = 0.026).

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, a more caudal lumbar 3CO level did not lead to greater sagittal vertical axis correction. The postoperative apex of lumbar lordosis significantly impacted pelvic tilt. 3CO levels that were more caudal were associated with more postoperative motor deficits and revisions.
Risk factors for progressive neuromuscular scoliosis requiring posterior spinal fusion after selective dorsal rhizotomy
Authors: Ravindra Vijay M. , Christensen Michael T. , Onwuzulike Kaine , Smith John T. , Halvorson Kyle , Brockmeyer Douglas L. , Walker Marion L. , Bollo Robert J.
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVE

Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) via limited laminectomy is an effective treatment of lower-extremity spasticity in the pediatric population. Children with spasticity are also at risk for neuromuscular scoliosis; however, specific risk factors for progressive spinal deformity requiring posterior spinal fusion (PSF) after SDR are unknown. The authors’ goal was to identify potential risk factors.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent SDR via limited laminectomy between 2003 and 2014 and who had at least 1 year of follow-up. They analyzed demographic, clinical, and radiographic variables to elucidate risk factors for progressive neuromuscular scoliosis. The primary outcome was need for PSF.

RESULTS

One hundred thirty-four patients underwent SDR and had at least 12 months of follow-up (mean 65 months); 48 patients (36%) had detailed pre- and postoperative radiographic data available. The mean age at surgery was 10 years (SD 5.1 years). Eighty-four patients (63%) were ambulatory before SDR, 109 (82%) underwent a single-level laminectomy, and a mean of 53% of the dorsal rootlets from L-1 to S-1 were sectioned. Fifteen patients (11.2%) subsequently required PSF for progressive deformity. Nonambulatory status (p < 0.001) and a preoperative Cobb angle > 30° (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with PSF on univariate analysis, but no statistically significant correlation was found with any clinical or radiographic variable and PSF after SDR on multivariate regression analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with preoperative nonambulatory status and Cobb angle > 30° may be at risk for progressive spinal deformity requiring PSF after SDR. These are well-known risk factors for progressive deformity in children with spasticity in general. Although our analysis suggests SDR via limited laminectomy may not significantly accelerate the development of neuromuscular scoliosis, further case-control studies are critical to elucidate the impact of SDR on spinal deformity.
Encephalocele development from a congenital meningocele: case report
Authors: Gandhoke Gurpreet S. , Goldschmidt Ezequiel , Kellogg Robert , Greene Stephanie
Published: September 2017

A fetal MRI study obtained at 21 weeks’ gestation revealed a suboccipital meningocele without hydrocephalus. One day after term birth, MRI demonstrated an acquired cerebellar encephalocele, and MRI obtained 5 months later showed progressive enlargement of the encephalocele, still without obvious hydrocephalus. The patient underwent an operation in which an external ventricular drain was placed, the grossly normal cerebellum was reduced into the posterior fossa without resection, and the dural defect was closed. The drain was weaned out over 5 days, and no ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed. Postoperative MR images revealed normal cerebellum and no hydrocephalus. The patient is developmentally normal. Meningocele and encephalocele are embryologically distinct. An acquired encephalocele could develop from hydrocephalus (which was not present in this case), or secondary to the lower resistance to expansion into the dural defect of the meningocele relative to the resistance to expansion of the fetal skull. The cerebellar tissue was normal in this case, and was thus preserved. The developmental prognosis is excellent. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of this occurrence. It is important to differentiate between congenital and acquired encephalocele etiologies, because resection of the cerebellar tissue in an acquired encephalocele (as is routinely done in cases of congenital encephalocele) would be expected to result in neurological deficits.
Dugald Stewart on Conjectural History and Human Nature
Authors: Marušić Jennifer Smalligan
Published: September 2017

Dugald Stewart claims that conjectural history is ‘the peculiar glory of the latter half of the eighteenth century’. Yet it is hard to see why, in his view, conjectural histories are not merely confabulated just-so stories. This paper examines Stewart's views about the epistemic and moral value of conjectural history.
Real-Time Transportation Mode Identification Using Artificial Neural Networks Enhanced with Mode Availability Layers: A Case Study in Dubai
Authors: Byon Young-Ji , Ha Jun , Cho Chung-Suk , Kim Tae-Yeon , Yeun Chan
Published: September 2017

Traditionally, departments of transportation (DOTs) have dispatched probe vehicles with dedicated vehicles and drivers for monitoring traffic conditions. Emerging assisted GPS (AGPS) and accelerometer-equipped smartphones offer new sources of raw data that arise from voluntarily-traveling smartphone users provided that their modes of transportation can correctly be identified. By introducing additional raster map layers that indicate the availability of each mode, it is possible to enhance the accuracy of mode detection results. Even in its simplest form, an artificial neural network (ANN) excels at pattern recognition with a relatively short processing timeframe once it is properly trained, which is suitable for real-time mode identification purposes. Dubai is one of the major cities in the Middle East and offers unique environments, such as a high density of extremely high-rise buildings that may introduce multi-path errors with GPS signals. This paper develops real-time mode identification ANNs enhanced with proposed mode availability geographic information system (GIS) layers, firstly for a universal mode detection and, secondly for an auto mode detection for the particular intelligent transportation system (ITS) application of traffic monitoring, and compares the results with existing approaches. It is found that ANN-based real-time mode identification, enhanced by mode availability GIS layers, significantly outperforms the existing methods.
Coupled Effects of Turing and Neimark-Sacker Bifurcations on Vegetation Pattern Self-Organization in a Discrete Vegetation-Sand Model
Authors: Zhang Feifan , Zhang Huayong , Huang Tousheng , Meng Tianxiang , Ma Shengnan
Published: September 2017

Wind-induced vegetation patterns were proposed a long time ago but only recently a dynamic vegetation-sand relationship has been established. In this research, we transformed the continuous vegetation-sand model into a discrete model. Fixed points and stability analyses were then studied. Bifurcation analyses are done around the fixed point, including Neimark-Sacker and Turing bifurcation. Then we simulated the parameter space for both bifurcations. Based on the bifurcation conditions, simulations are carried out around the bifurcation point. Simulation results showed that Neimark-Sacker bifurcation and Turing bifurcation can induce the self-organization of complex vegetation patterns, among which labyrinth and striped patterns are the key results that can be presented by the continuous model. Under the coupled effects of the two bifurcations, simulation results show that vegetation patterns can also be self-organized, but vegetation type changed. The type of the patterns can be Turing type, Neimark-Sacker type, or some other special type. The difference may depend on the relative intensity of each bifurcation. The calculation of entropy may help understand the variance of pattern types.
Unit Roots in Economic and Financial Time Series: A Re-Evaluation at the Decision-Based Significance Levels
Authors: Kim Jae , Choi In
Published: September 2017

This paper re-evaluates key past results of unit root tests, emphasizing that the use of a conventional level of significance is not in general optimal due to the test having low power. The decision-based significance levels for popular unit root tests, chosen using the line of enlightened judgement under a symmetric loss function, are found to be much higher than conventional ones. We also propose simple calibration rules for the decision-based significance levels for a range of unit root tests. At the decision-based significance levels, many time series in Nelson and Plosser’s (1982) (extended) data set are judged to be trend-stationary, including real income variables, employment variables and money stock. We also find that nearly all real exchange rates covered in Elliott and Pesavento’s (2006) study are stationary; and that most of the real interest rates covered in Rapach and Weber’s (2004) study are stationary. In addition, using a specific loss function, the U.S. nominal interest rate is found to be stationary under economically sensible values of relative loss and prior belief for the null hypothesis.