bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CYST OF SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM IN MENTAL DISORDERS: SCHIZOPHRENIA AND MENTAL RETARDATION: TWO CASEREPORTS
Authors: Belakbir Omaima , Habbat Hajar , Hajjami Kenza , Belbachir Siham , Ouanass Abderrazzak
Published: October 2022

A septum pellucidum cyst is defined as a fluid collection between the lateral ventricles whose walls have a lateral curvature and are separated by 10 mm or more . Most of these cysts are benign and their clinical significance should be considered as a neurodevelopmental anomaly that may contribute to neuropsychiatric abnormalities . It is often of incidental finding, of little clinical significance. However, an association between this developmental anomaly and a mental disorder, such as schizophrenia and/or intellectual disability, has been reported. We report in this study two clinical cases, diagnosed with schizophrenia comorbid with intellectual disability and in whom brain imaging has objectified a cyst of the septum pellucidum. The objective of this study is to discuss the relationship between the septum pellucidum cyst and mental disorders, especially schizophrenia and intellectual disability.
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT OF GARLIC POWDER (ALLIUM SATIVUM) FOR ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY ALONG WITH PHARMACEUTICAL EVALUATION
Authors:   Goel Institute of Pharmacy and Sciences, Lucknow Affiliated to Dr. APJ Abdul Kala Technical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India., Malviya Ankita , Gupta Rajneesh ,   Goel Institute of Pharmacy and Sciences, Lucknow Affiliated to Dr. APJ Abdul Kala Technical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Published: October 2022

Allium sativum is an edible garllic known for its nutritional & bio-medicinal properties. The methanolic extract of Allium stivum for phytochemical screening performed & phytochemical analysis reveals that the extracts were rich source of phytoconstituents containing Alkaloids, Carcogydrate, Glycosides, Protien, Flavanoids, Saponins, Phenolic, Steroids.Some of them are responsible for anti-diabetic activities. In the present study oral administrable dosage form of Allium sativum (garlic) were prepared Herbal Tablets and Cream . A Compressed Tablets were evaluated. Garlic has been utilized securely since antiquated times as both food and medication in human populaces, however investigations of its adequacy in the administration of diabetes have yielded clashing outcome. This study has assessed the hypoglycemic impacts of garlic in patients.
BEHAVIORAL PREJUDICE AS A MODERATOR TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRATEGIC INVESTMENT PROCEDURES & OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF REAL ESTATE FIRMS: EVIDENCE FROM KENYA
Authors:   Department of Accounting and Finance, Maseno University., Adhiambo Achieng Olivia , Kisavi Mule Robert ,   Department of Accounting and Finance, Maseno University., Onyango Aila Fredrick ,   Department of Business Administration, Maseno University.
Published: October 2022

Behavioral prejudice results in decision making in which reasoning is influenced by emotions, usually leading to irrational financial decisions. The interest in prejudice caused by faulty cognitive reasoning or emotions that affect individual financial outcomes has seen the emergence of research on behavioral finance as a concept.The nerve in the process of decision making is how the investor perceives risk. Risk is a significant factor in analyzing decision situations under uncertainty. Unfortunately, majority of people are not consistent in how they approach risk. Although investors intention is to act rationally and make informed decisions, behavioral aspects affect the decision process and cause investors to deviate from the normative models. This article sought to assess the moderation effect of behavioral prejudice on the relationship between strategic investment procedures and operational performance of real estate firms in Kenya in the period 2018-2022. It focused on three variables strategic investment procedures as the independent variable, operational performance as the dependent variable and behavioral prejudice being the moderator variable. Theoretical literature illustrates individual relationships between these variables but the combined influence of the three variables on operational performance has not been previously studied.A correlational survey design and census sampling method were used to draw 231 registered real estate investment firms in Kenyas capital city of Nairobi. Primary data was gathered using structured questionnaires to collect data from 231 senior financial managers and analyzed by regression analysis. Behavioral prejudice and strategic investment procedures as predictor variables had a significant RÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â² of 32.8% (p<0.01). The RÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â² of incorporating the interaction term between behavioral prejudices and strategic investment procedures was RÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â²=39.7% (p<0.01) change of RÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â²=6.8% (p<0.01) implying that behavioral prejudices significantly moderates the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. In conclusion,strategic investment procedures significantly predict operational performance but incorporation of behavioral prejudices significantly enhances the predictive power. The study recommends real estate firms focus on behavioral prejudices so as to make informed and accurate investment decisions thus enhancing operational performance. Contrary to prior research, the study has shown that strategic investment procedures and behavioral prejudices interacting together affects Operational performance thus bringing new knowledge to the area of finance.
SYNTHESIS, SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF BIS(CYCLOPENTADIENYL)- ZIRCONIUM(IV) DERIVATIVES WITH QUINAZOLINONE SCHIFF BASES
Authors: Upadhaya Anjali , Prakash Pandey Om , Kumar Sengupta Soumitra
Published: October 2022

Zirconium(IV) complexes of types [(C5H5)2Zr(L)] and [(C5H5)Zr(LÂ’)Cl] (LH2 represents Schiff bases derived from quinazolinone and salycylaldehye or o-hydroxyacetophenone LÂ’H represents Schiff bases derived from quinazolinone and 4-fluorobenzaldehyde/ 4-fluoro acetophenone /1-(2-fluoro-4-methylphenyl)-2-methylpropan-1-one / 1-(2-fluoro-4-methylphenyl) propan-1-one ) have been synthesized by the reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)zirconium(IV) dichloride with appropriate ligands in tetrahydrofuran in the presence of triethylamine. All these complexes are soluble in THF, PhNO2, DMF and DMSO. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, electrical conductance, magnetic susceptibility, IR, 1H NMR, XRD and SEM spectral techniques. Low molar conductance values indicate non-electrolytic nature of the complexes. The spectral data indicate 5-coordinate geometry for the complexes. XRD pattern evince that the complexes have monoclinic crystal system and particle sizes were found in the range 46.40-49.30 nm (nano-size). In vitro antifungal activity of synthesized compounds was evaluated against fungi Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans and In vitro antibacterial activity was determined by screening the compounds against gram negative (P. aeruginosa, E.coli) and gram positive (S. aureus and B. subtilis) bacterial strains using minimum inhibition concentration method (MIC) by serial dilution technique. The zirconocene(IV) complexes have higher antimicrobial impact than the parent Schiff bases.
OGILVIE SYNDROME AFTER EMERGENCY CESAREAN SECTION: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Service dhepato-gastro-enterologie, CHU TTA,Hopital Mohamed VI,UniversiteAbdelmalekSaadi., Meyiz H. , Grihe L. ,   Service dhepato-gastro-enterologie, CHU TTA,Hopital Mohamed VI,UniversiteAbdelmalekSaadi., Moustaide H. ,   Service de gyneco-obstetrique , CHU TTA,Hopital Mohamed VI,UniversiteAbdelmalekSaadi., Hamdoun S. ,   Service de gyneco-obstetrique , CHU TTA,Hopital Mohamed VI,UniversiteAbdelmalekSaadi., Akjay A. ,   Service dhepato-gastro-enterologie, CHU TTA,Hopital Mohamed VI,UniversiteAbdelmalekSaadi., Ardif R. ,   Service dhepato-gastro-enterologie, CHU TTA,Hopital Mohamed VI,UniversiteAbdelmalekSaadi., Boukamza W. ,   Service dhepato-gastro-enterologie, CHU TTA,Hopital Mohamed VI,UniversiteAbdelmalekSaadi., Mellouki I. ,   Service dhepato-gastro-enterologie, CHU TTA,Hopital Mohamed VI,UniversiteAbdelmalekSaadi.
Published: October 2022

Ogilvies syndrome describes an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) consisting of dilatation of part or all of the colon and rectum without intrinsic or extrinsic mechanical obstruction. It often occurs in debilitated patients. Its pathophysiology is still poorly understood. Several theories have been incriminated: nervous, vascular, hormonal,medicinal,metabolic disorder, infectiousâ€¦Since computed tomography (CT) often reveals a sharp transition or cut-off between dilated and non-dilated bowel, the possibility of organic colonic obstruction must be excluded. If there are no criteria of gravity, initial treatment should be conservative or pharmacologic using neostigmine decompression of colonic gas is also a favored treatment. Surgery should be considered only as a final option if medical treatments fail or if colonic perforation is suspected. We report a case of colonic pseudo-obstruction (or Ogilvie syndrome), after caesarean section, treated medically and by colonoscopicexsufflation.
TRADITIONAL RULERS AND CONFLICT PREVENTION AND RESOLUTION IN KOGI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE
Authors:   Department of Political Science and Diplomacy, Faculty of Social Sciences, Veritas University, Abuja-Nigeria., Jooji (PhD) Innocent
Published: October 2022

Conflict can be a serious problem if it is allowed to escalate as it could create chaotic conditions that make it nearly impossible for people to relate or live together peacefully. This study seeks to examine the roles and challenges facing traditional rulers in conflict prevention and resolution in Kogi Local Government area of Kogi State. Data for this study were collected from various secondary sources such as textbooks, journals and other internet sources, while, content analysis was used to analyse the data collected. This study revealed that for traditional rulers to participate meaningfully on matters of security in villages in Kogi Local Government area, there is the need for them to be re-positioned so as not to just serve as agents of conflict resolution but also as security managers which they were before. One of the major challenges has to do with the restrictions imposed on traditional rulers in performing some key roles that will address the increasingly violent conflict emanating from land and other chieftaincy affairs. On the whole, this study recommends that the role of the traditional rulers in conflict prevention and resolution should be enshrined in the 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. This will among other things legalize most actions taken by the traditional rules as it relates to conflict prevention and resolution in their domain.
SCHOLASTIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO SELF-CONCEPT AND PARENTAL ENCOURAGEMENT
Authors: Ranjan Shivang
Published: October 2022

This review investigated the degree to which the self-idea and parental support have the connection with scholastic accomplishment among auxiliary school understudies. The engaging overview research strategy was utilized for the review, the example comprised of 228 understudies were chosen by utilizing delineated arbitrary testing method. A self-idea scale created by Dr. Rastogi and Mukta Rani, and a three Dimensional Parental Behavioral Inventory planned by HardeoOjha on 2009 were utilized for information assortment. Additionally for scholastic accomplishment assessment characteristics of class ninth and tenth understudies acquired by them in yearly assessment of one past class were noted down from the school records. The finding of the review uncovered that: 1. there is a huge connection between the self-idea and scholarly accomplishment of male and female understudies 2. there is no huge connection between the dads consolation with scholastic accomplishment of female understudies 3. there is huge connection between the dads consolation with scholastic accomplishment of male understudies 4.(There is huge connection between the moms consolation with scholastic accomplishment of both male and female understudies.
THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC FOOT IN THE EMERGENCY
Authors: Kharchi Rabie , Moussadiq Mohammed Mohamed , a Amine , b Benhima , Abkari Imad
Published: October 2022

Background:Diabetic foot ulcers infected mainly increase the risk of amputation. The aim of our study was to define the predictors of amputation of the diabetic foot, draw the clinical, bacteriological and therapeutic profile of patients presenting to the emergency Aims: To define the predictors of amputation of the diabetic foot, draw the clinical, bacteriological and therapeutic profile of patients presenting to the emergency Patients/methods: This is a prospective observational study spread over twelve months in the medical and surgical emergencies including 108 patients. We investigated socio-demographic, clinical data and treatment of patients hospitalized for diabetic foot. Results: The mean age of patients was 63.7ans, 92.6% were diabetic type2. 57.4% of lesions were acute (ulcers (37%), wet gangrene (33.3%), dry gangrene (13%),cellulitis (24.1%) and acute Charcot foot (9.3%)), 63% following a trauma and 33.2% due to unsuitable footwear. 81.5% had clinical signs of angiopathy and 64.5% of neuropathy. The lesions were classified: uninfected (9.3%), low (9.3%), moderate (38.8%) and severe (42.6%) according to the IDSA / IWGDF and 0D (46.3%) 3D (18.5%) 3B (7.4%) according to the University of Texas. Staphylococcus aureus was the most germ solved. Antibiotics administered if osteitis was Amoxicillin-clavulanate (57.5%) and Ertapenem (31.5%) in his absence. 14.8% received debridement, 1.9% for revascularization and 83.3% for amputation. In our study, the risk of amputation increases with the average socioeconomic level, severity of the infection and the presence of osteitis /osteomyelitis while drying feet after ablution was a protective factor. 9.3% of recurrence and 5.6% of deaths were recorded. Conclusions: The multidisciplinary management of diabetic foot is paramount. The surgery is common immediately but rarely necessary, medical treatment is the first-line therapy avoiding abusive amputations. Prevention requires the establishment of specialized units. Summary:Diabetic foot ulcers infected mainly increase the risk of amputation. The aim of our study was to define the predictors of amputation of the diabetic foot, draw the clinical, bacteriological and therapeutic profile of patients presenting to the emergency. This is a prospective observational study spread over twelve months in the medical and surgical emergencies including 108 patients. In our study, the risk of amputation increases with the average socioeconomic level, severity of the infection and the presence of osteitis /osteomyelitis while drying feet after ablution was a protective factor. 9.3% of recurrence and 5.6% of deaths were recorded.
MODELING THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE INTERIOR SPACE WITH THE HELP OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Faculty of Urbanism and Architecture, Republic of Moldova, Chisinau Associate Professor, Dr. Art., Culturology Department Of Architecture., Munteanu A.
Published: October 2022

The article contains a theoretical and practical study from ones own experience, which reflects the importance of advanced digitaltechnologies implemented in education both in online format, practical from the pandemic period but also after by using technological innovations applied in study charts for the training of architect students. At the same time, the research methodology reflects the strategies and forms of exposing new information and the development of scientific-artistic thinking as well as the affective-emotional sphere within the theoretical and practical classes.The new information of lectures and seminars can be exposed more interestingly and accessible through text, multiple colorful and appealing images, video, musical background, etc. Students are challenged to respond with information that can be selected online immediately from digital sources or serve inspirational models for a future project. Both in the theoretical and practical course of transmission, the strengthening of information through the use of digital technologies, even in online format, certainly led to the development of the humanities to the training of future architects,specialists interior designers. So digital learning has come to play a crucial role in university education in the twenty-first century. In conclusion, we deduce that classical learning methods are substituted by digital ones as more advanced forms of development for students, ennobling them through digital tools and advanced technologies, they develop listeners critical thinking skills, effective self-teaching learning skills.
UNQUALIFIED HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS AND RURAL PUBLIC HEALTH IN RAJASTHAN
Authors:   Village 2 KK, Post Office 1 KK, Tehsil Padampur, District Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan., Kumar Sukhender , Jangid Narendra ,   64- Uttam Nagar, Near Govindam Tower, Kalwar Road, Jaipur â€“ 12., Kumar Bawa Munish ,   B-33/505, Saroop Nagar, Salem Tabri, Ludhiana-Punjab -141008.
Published: October 2022

There are many players for health care delivery systems like public and private providers. In between, another service delivery system exists and survived at large scale in rural India. One of them is called Rural Medical Practitioner or quacks or Jhola Chaap (unqualified service provider) or unethical practitioner. The term RMP is still not clear. In the lay men language, RMP stands for registered medical practitioner but only graduate in MBBS are registered by the Medical Council of India and has a valid licence to practices allopathic medicine in public health. In the medical world. In many developing countries like India, informal or rural medical practitioner provides the large-scale services to the poor and villagers. These practitioners cater a large population especially in rural India. In Rajasthan, the coverage of population by Government Public Health Services is not sufficient. This study carried out with interviewing 117 unqualified health care providers in rural area of Rajasthan. The current paper discusses about academic background, training, experience, daily patient load and practice of informal health care providers altering the unavailable health care professional for a long time. As resulted, a total of 95 (81.20%) informal health care providers have their own clinic where they attend the patients and provide services 24 x 7 without charging consultation fee, go for home visits to see the patient and refer the patients in critical situation to Government health facilities, etc. The strong presence of these so-called rural practitioners in the basket of private health care system put the rural health in very critical situations.
INDICATEURS DE LA VARIABILITE CLIMATIQUE SUR LE COTONNIER DANS LA COMMUNE DE BANIKOARA AU NORD-EST BENIN
Authors:   Faculte Des Sciences Agronomiques, Universite dAbomey Calavi, BP: 01BP 526 Cotonou, Benin., Tode M.K. , Hounsou M.B ,   Laboratoire dHydrauliqueet de Maitrise de lEau at the Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques de lUniversitedAbomey-Calavi (LHME/FSA/UAC), BP 526, Cotonou Benin., Kawoun Alagbe G.M. ,   Pierre Pagney Laboratory: Climate, Water, Ecosystems and Development at the Faculty of Human and Social Sciences (LACEEDE/FASHS/UAC), BP 1388, Abomey-Calavi Benin., Tassigui S.S. ,   Pierre Pagney Laboratory: Climate, Water, Ecosystems and Development at the Faculty of Human and Social Sciences (LACEEDE/FASHS/UAC), BP 1388, Abomey-Calavi Benin., Ahamide B. ,   Faculte Des Sciences Agronomiques, Universite dAbomey Calavi, BP: 01BP 526 Cotonou, Benin.
Published: October 2022

Water deficit remains one of the main limiting factors for agricultural production in Benin. This research aims to contribute to a better understanding of the indicators of climatic variability on cotton in the commune of Banikoara. This objective is achieved through a methodological approach that takes into account documentation, field work and data processing. Climatological data related to rainfall and temperature for the period 1960-2020 and producers perceptions were used. Field surveys of producers and resource persons, i.e. one hundred and ninety-six (196) people, were carried out in ten (10) villages chosen according to their weight in cotton production. The results showed that seasonal rainfall totals, the number of rainy days and average monthly rainfall show a significant downward trend over the period 1960-2020. Temperatures have increased over the periods 1978-1989 and 1996-2020. The average temperature has increased by 1.9Â°C. The end and length of the rainy season have shown a significant trend towards earlier and shorter rainfall respectively. All these parameters have an impact on cotton production and yield.
CHARACTERISTICS OF SHEEP BREEDERS AND THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION TO THE INCOME OF SHEEP IN SECANGGANG DISTRICT, LANGKAT REGENCY
Authors:   Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi., Agus Kurniawan Media , Gilang Pradana Tengku ,   Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi., Siswoyo Purwo ,   Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi., Rusdi Alfath ,   Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi., Putra Andhika ,   Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi.
Published: October 2022

The long-term objective of the study is to determine the extent to which the characteristics of sheep breeders and the contribution of livestock integration to the income of sheep breeders in Secanggang District, Langkat Regency. The specific target in this study is to see the characteristics of sheep breeders and the contribution of livestock integration to income. The integration of livestock and plants is one of the livestock cultivation activities, which is the application of an integrated business between plant commodities and livestock (sheep) commodities that utilize agricultural potential as livestock integration, both in the form of livestock waste and agricultural production activities such as picking their own agricultural products. The concept of livestock and crop integration that is often applied by sheep breeders in Secanggang District, Kab.Langkat is the concept of sheep farming with food crop cultivation. From this livestock and crop integration activity, farmers will get additional income from both the sheep farming business and the food crop business. Organic matter that can increase soil fertility. Therefore, it is necessary to research how big the contribution of this concept of livestock integration to the income of the sheep farmer family is. Not all sheep breeders apply the concept of integration, there are also sheep breeders who choose only sheep farming. So it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of breeders such as those who apply the concept of integration of livestock with plants.
PELLAGRA: A RARE COMPLICATION OF ANOREXIANERVOSA
Authors:   Department of Dermatology and Venereology, CHU Ibn Sina, Universite Mohammed V Rabat., Ammar Najoua , Amira Ikram ,   Department of Endocrinology, CHU Ibn Sina, Universite Mohammed V Rabat., Meziane Mariame ,   Department of Dermatology and Venereology, CHU Ibn Sina, Universite Mohammed V Rabat., Senouci Karima ,   Department of Dermatology and Venereology, CHU Ibn Sina, Universite Mohammed V Rabat.
Published: October 2022

Althoughpellagraappears to be a rare entitynow, itcanstilldevelop. It is important to recognize how the diseasemanifests to ensureproper and prompt treatment.Wepresenta case of pellagrasecondary to anorexianervosa in a 25-year-old woman.
EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM ON SELF-MEDICATION KNOWLEDGE AND ITS ADVERSE EFFECTS AMONG MIDDLE AGE ADULTS RESIDING IN LALITPUR, NEPAL
Authors:   Associate Professor, Campus Chief, Asian College for Advance Studies, Purbanchal University, Nepal., Ramtel Tara , Shrestha Bhawana ,   Coordinator BSc Nursing Program, Asian College for Advance Studies, Purbanchal University, Nepal., Rana Kamala ,   Lecturer, Department of Nursing, Asian College for Advance Studies, Purbanchal University, Nepal.
Published: October 2022

Introduction The World Health Organization stated self-medication involves the use of medicinal products by the consumer to treat self-recognized disorders or symptoms without prescribed by a physician. Self-medication is a worldwide public health issue and is more common in developing countries. Analgesics and cough syrups were Nepals most commonly used classes of drugs, which could be easily available over the counter. Methods: A pre-experimental one-group pretest and post-test design was used to assess the effectiveness of the Structural Teaching Program (STP) on self-medication knowledge and its adverse effects. A nonprobability purposive sampling techniquewas used. The study included 120 middle-aged adults residing in Lalitpur, Nepal. A structured knowledge questionnaire were developed, translated into the local language, and distributed to respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean pre-test knowledge score was 32.9% (SD 16.9%), the mean post-test knowledge score was 83.1% (9.5%), and the enhancement mean knowledge was 50.2% (SD 10.7%). When a pairedt-test was done, the obtained value of 36.34 was found to be significant at 0.05. There was a significant relationship between respondents pretest knowledge levels of self-medication and its adverse effects and socio-demographic variables such as age, religion, education, family income, occupation, and type of family, number of children, previous knowledge and source of information. Conclusion: The respondentshad inadequate knowledge about self-medication and its adverse effects. The mean pre-test and post-test knowledge scores of respondents differed significantly. As a result, the study found that STP was effective.
EVALUATION OF LIVER FIBROSIS IN LIVER BIOPSY OF ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE CASES, WITH RETICULIN STAIN AND CD31 IMMUNOSTAIN
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology,Government KAPV Medical College, Tiruchirappalli.TamilNadu. TheTamilNadu Dr.MGR.Medical University,Chennai.India., M. Narmatha , Arshad A. Abu ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology,Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem.TamilNadu.The TamilNadu Dr.MGR.Medical University,Chennai.India., S. Ulaganathan ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology,Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem.TamilNadu. TheTamilNadu Dr.MGR.Medical University,Chennai.India.
Published: October 2022

Background: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality world - wide. Liver biopsy is the gold standard method to assess the presence of liver fibrosis , and is useful in determining the staging and severity of hepatic injury. To interpret Liver fibrosis in liver biopsies, Reticulin stain, and CD31,an immunohistochemical marker, which plays an important role in determining the degree of fibrosis in Alcoholic liver disease, were used in the evaluation of it. Methods: 50 Alcoholic Liver Disease patients, were evaluated for Liver fibrosis, with H&E stain and Reticulin stain, and were correlated with the staging of Liver fibrosis with CD 31 immunostaining expression by statistical analysis. Results: Strong positive correlation with CD31 and Reticulin staining was seen among 34 cases (68%), moderate positive correlation in 8 cases (16%), mild positive correlation in 2 cases (4%), negative correlation in 6 cases (12%). Conclusion: The existence of strong correlation, between CD31 immunostaining and fibrosis seen with Reticulin stain, revealed that the immunohistochemical methods are very much applicable in assessing prognostic and therapeutic strategies.
Digitalization: Implementation in the tourism business of Ukraine
Authors: Boiko Marharyta , Bosovska Myroslava , Vedmid Nadiia , Melnychenko Svitlana , Stopchenko Yevheniia
Published: October 2022

Global digitalization has led to the formation of a new contour of the economic environment in tourism due to the inevitable and pervasive transformation of socio-economic systems. All this is happening against the background of the synergy of digital and service economies. Therefore, the study analyzes the genesis and world experience of digitalization to determine the areas and advantages of using digital technologies in the tourism business of Ukraine. Systematization, generalization, and surveying were used. Since the main players of the tourism business are tour operators and hotels, and digital technologies are used by entities located in big cities, a survey was conducted among 57 managers of leading tour operators and hotels in Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv, and Odesa. The survey was conducted in July 2020–2021 and concerned digital technologies in the business processes. The results showed a dynamic increase in digital technologies, in particular, by an average of 72.2% per year, which reflects their efficiency and dynamics. The leading digital technologies include contactless payments, chatbots, mobile applications, mobile registration, and VR technologies. The data on their 34.6% use as sources of information search, 78.7% as travel planning and organization instruments, and 59.5% as destination orientation instruments are evidence of the large-scale use of digital technologies by foreign tourists. The essence of marketing, economic, innovation, environmental, service, and configuration priorities of digitalization as interdependent drivers for the initiation of the innovation process in tourism has been determined considering the uneven development and fluctuating dynamics of digital technologies.
AcknowledgmentThe paper shows the authors’ results within the frameworks of the study, performed in 2021−2022 at Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics at the request of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine “Digital transformation of trade, economic and tourist systems in Ukraine” (state registration number 0121U112231) and “Forecasting the impact of the tourism system on the country’s economy” (state registration number 0122U001559).
Missing Data in Time Series: A Review of Imputation Methods and Case Study
Authors: Ribeiro Silvana Mara , Castro Cristiano Leite
Published: October 2022

Dealing with missingness in time series data is a very important, but oftentimes overlooked, step in data analysis. In this paper, the nature of time series data and missingness mechanisms are described to help identify which imputation method should be used to impute missing data, along with a review of imputation methods and how they work. Recommended methods from literature are used to impute synthetic data of different nature and the results are discussed. In addition, a case study concerning the prediction (classification) of US market instability (BEAR or BULL) using a data set with mixed missingness mechanisms and mixed nature is presented to evaluate how different types of imputation methods can affect the final results of the classification task.
Professional Ballet Dancers’ Balance Ability and Psychological Traits and States: A Longitudinal Pilot Study
Authors: Yatabe Kanaka , Yui Naoko , Kasuya Satomi , Muroi Ryota , Inoue Rumiko , Somemura Shu , Ashikaga Kohei , Terawaki Fumiko , Miyano Hisao , Sato Ko , Yudoh Kazuo , Fujiya Hiroto
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Professional dancers are committed to dancing despite their injuries and mood changes. Therefore, dancers’ balance ability should be evaluated as an objective indicator of the quality of their dance/dancing ability.

Objective:

We aimed to examine the relationship between the balance ability of professional ballet dancers and their psychological traits and states by serotonin polymorphism, using pressure and center of gravity sensors.

Methods:

Five female professional dancers participated in this three-month longitudinal pilot study. The dancers’ stress status was assessed each month on three conditional days to gauge stress conditions. Before and after their standard warm-up exercises, the dancers’ center of gravity was assessed while standing and posing in ballet-specific positions, and psychological questionnaire surveys were conducted to assess the level of anxiety and objective stress. After all observations were completed, serotonin polymorphism was analyzed as one of the psychological traits.

Results:

All participants possessed the s/s-type (short type) serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism, indicating high sensitivity to stress. Their average trait anxiety score was 50.80±8.47. However, all participants were able to be calm, had no injuries, and maintained a stable center of gravity throughout the study period.

Conclusion:

Throughout the study, from ordinary practice to the time of the approaching ballet performance, the participants maintained stable balance ability regardless of their psychological traits and states of mind. It is unlikely that reactions to stress and psychological traits affected professional dancers’ physicality. Thus, continuous assessment of the balance between mental and physical aspects enhances performance management.
Quantitative assessment of epoxide formation in bulk oil and mayonnaise by 1H-13C HSQC NMR spectroscopy
Authors:   Wageningen University, Hennebelle Marie , Kodali Dharma ,   University of Minnesota, Wang Jianli ,   Wageningen University, Van Duynhoven John ,   Unilever R&D Vlaardingen
Published: October 2022

Lipid oxidation is a chemical process that is detrimental for the quality of oil-based foods. Historically, hydroperoxides and aldehydes are considered the most important molecules in the assessment of lipid oxidation. While they do provide insights in kinetics of primary and secondary oxidation, it has been proposed that a third class of oxidation products, the epoxides, could help resolve mechanistical anomalies that are hitherto unexplained.Here, we developed a 2D 1H-13C HSQC NMR method that allows for a quantitative assessment of epoxides in real food products. The method was applicable in vegetable oils and mayonnaises in a reproducible (RSD ‰¤ 11.6 %) and repeatable (RSD ‰¤ 8.2 %) manner with an LoD and LoQ of respectively 0.18 and 0.62 mmol/kg.This novel method was applied in combination with existing NMR methods to simultaneously quantify lipid hydroperoxides, aldehydes and epoxides, providing a more comprehensive view on lipid oxidation pathways under different conditions. Epoxides showed to be a major product during intermediate and late stage of oxidation. However, its potential as an early marker for lipid oxidation appeared to be limited. A combination of hydroperoxides, epoxides, and aldehydes, on the other hand, could be a powerful combination to capture the main radical mechanisms during oxidation. Moreover, the characterization and quantification of individual epoxide sub-classes by 2D 1H-13C HSQC NMR enables mechanistical oxidation studies.
Health-Related Indicators Measured Using Earable Devices: Systematic Review
Authors: Choi Jin-Young , Jeon Seonghee , Kim Hana , Ha Jaeyoung , Jeon Gyeong-suk , Lee Jeong , Cho Sung-il
Published: October 2022

Background

Earable devices are novel, wearable Internet of Things devices that are user-friendly and have potential applications in mobile health care. The position of the ear is advantageous for assessing vital status and detecting diseases through reliable and comfortable sensing devices.

Objective

Our study aimed to review the utility of health-related indicators derived from earable devices and propose an improved definition of disease prevention. We also proposed future directions for research on the health care applications of earable devices.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted of the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Keywords were used to identify studies on earable devices published between 2015 and 2020. The earable devices were described in terms of target health outcomes, biomarkers, sensor types and positions, and their utility for disease prevention.

Results

A total of 51 articles met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed, and the frequency of 5 health-related characteristics of earable devices was described. The most frequent target health outcomes were diet-related outcomes (9/51, 18%), brain status (7/51, 14%), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and central nervous system disease (5/51, 10% each). The most frequent biomarkers were electroencephalography (11/51, 22%), body movements (6/51, 12%), and body temperature (5/51, 10%). As for sensor types and sensor positions, electrical sensors (19/51, 37%) and the ear canal (26/51, 51%) were the most common, respectively. Moreover, the most frequent prevention stages were secondary prevention (35/51, 69%), primary prevention (12/51, 24%), and tertiary prevention (4/51, 8%). Combinations of ≥2 target health outcomes were the most frequent in secondary prevention (8/35, 23%) followed by brain status and CVD (5/35, 14% each) and by central nervous system disease and head injury (4/35, 11% each).

Conclusions

Earable devices can provide biomarkers for various health outcomes. Brain status, healthy diet status, and CVDs were the most frequently targeted outcomes among the studies. Earable devices were mostly used for secondary prevention via monitoring of health or disease status. The potential utility of earable devices for primary and tertiary prevention needs to be investigated further. Earable devices connected to smartphones or tablets through cloud servers will guarantee user access to personal health information and facilitate comfortable wearing.
The Development and Evaluation of “Life Age”—a Primary Prevention and Population-Focused Risk Communication Tool: Feasibility Study With a Single-Arm Repeated Measures Design
Authors: Olusan Adeogo Akinwale , Barr Suzanne , Cobain Mark , Whelan Holly
Published: October 2022

Background

Communicating cardiovascular risk to the general population requires forms of communication that can enhance risk perception and stimulate lifestyle changes associated with reduced cardiovascular risk.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the motivational potential of a novel lifestyle risk assessment (“Life Age”) based on factors predictive of both premature mortality and psychosocial well-being.

Methods

A feasibility study with a single-arm repeated measures design was conducted to evaluate the potential efficacy of Life Age on motivating lifestyle changes. Participants were recruited via social media, completed a web-based version of the Life Age questionnaire at baseline and at follow-up (8 weeks), and received 23 e-newsletters based on their Life Age results along with a mobile tracker. Participants’ estimated Life Age scores were analyzed for evidence of lifestyle changes made. Quantitative feedback of participants was also assessed.

Results

In total, 18 of 27 participants completed the two Life Age tests. The median baseline Life Age was 1 year older than chronological age, which was reduced to –1.9 years at follow-up, representing an improvement of 2.9 years (P=.02). There were also accompanying improvements in Mediterranean diet score (P=.001), life satisfaction (P=.003), and sleep (P=.05). Quantitative feedback assessment indicated that the Life Age tool was easy to understand, helpful, and motivating.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated the potential benefit of a novel Life Age tool in generating a broad set of lifestyle changes known to be associated with clinical risk factors, similar to “Heart Age.” This was achieved without the recourse to expensive biomarker tests. However, the results from this study suggest that the motivated lifestyle changes improved both healthy lifestyle risks and psychosocial well-being, consistent with the approach of Life Age in merging the importance of a healthy lifestyle and psychosocial well-being. Further evaluation using a larger randomized controlled trial is required to fully evaluate the impact of the Life Age tool on lifestyle changes, cardiovascular disease prevention, and overall psychosocial well-being.
A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: Reuse of Routinely Obtained Laboratory Data in Research
Authors: Overmars L Malin , Niemantsverdriet Michael S A , Groenhof T Katrien J , De Groot Mark C H , Hulsbergen-Veelken Cornelia A R , Van Solinge Wouter W , Musson Ruben E A , Ten Berg Maarten J , Hoefer Imo E , Haitjema Saskia
Published: October 2022

Electronic health records (EHRs) contain valuable data for reuse in science, quality evaluations, and clinical decision support. Because routinely obtained laboratory data are abundantly present, often numeric, generated by certified laboratories, and stored in a structured way, one may assume that they are immediately fit for (re)use in research. However, behind each test result lies an extensive context of choices and considerations, made by both humans and machines, that introduces hidden patterns in the data. If they are unaware, researchers reusing routine laboratory data may eventually draw incorrect conclusions. In this paper, after discussing health care system characteristics on both the macro and micro level, we introduce the reader to hidden aspects of generating structured routine laboratory data in 4 steps (ordering, preanalysis, analysis, and postanalysis) and explain how each of these steps may interfere with the reuse of routine laboratory data. As researchers reusing these data, we underline the importance of domain knowledge of the health care professional, laboratory specialist, data manager, and patient to turn routine laboratory data into meaningful data sets to help obtain relevant insights that create value for clinical care.
Omnichannel Communication to Boost Patient Engagement and Behavioral Change With Digital Health Interventions
Authors: Blasiak Agata , Sapanel Yoann , Leitman Dana , Ng Wei Ying , De Nicola Raffaele , Lee V Vien , Todorov Atanas , Ho Dean
Published: October 2022

Digital health interventions are being increasingly incorporated into health care workflows to improve the efficiency of patient care. In turn, sustained patient engagement with digital health interventions can maximize their benefits toward health care outcomes. In this viewpoint, we outline a dynamic patient engagement by using various communication channels and the potential use of omnichannel engagement to integrate these channels. We conceptualize a novel patient care journey where multiple web-based and offline communication channels are integrated through a “digital twin.” The principles of implementing omnichannel engagement for digital health interventions and digital twins are also broadly covered. Omnichannel engagement in digital health interventions implies a flexibility for personalization, which can enhance and sustain patient engagement with digital health interventions, and ultimately, patient quality of care and outcomes. We believe that the novel concept of omnichannel engagement in health care can be greatly beneficial to patients and the system once it is successfully realized to its full potential.
The Relationship Between Face Mask Use and Face-Touching Frequency in Public Areas: Naturalistic Study (Preprint)
Authors: Niesen Sydney , Ramon Daniel , Spencer-Hwang Rhonda , Sinclair Ryan
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, a major public health goal has been reducing the spread of the virus, with particular emphasis on reducing transmission from person to person. Frequent face touching can transmit viral particles from one infected person and subsequently infect others in a public area. This raises an important concern about the use of face masks and their relationship with face-touching behaviors. One concern discussed during the pandemic is that wearing a mask, and different types of masks, could increase face touching because there is a need to remove the mask to smoke, drink, eat, etc. To date, there have been few studies that have assessed this relationship between mask wearing and the frequency of face touching relative to face-touching behaviors.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the frequency of face touching in people wearing a mask versus not wearing a mask in high–foot traffic urban outdoor areas. The purpose of this study was to assess if mask wearing was associated with increased face touching.

METHODS

Public webcam videos from 4 different cities in New York, New Jersey, Louisiana, and Florida were used to collect data. Face touches were recorded as pedestrians passed under the webcam. Adult pedestrians wearing masks were compared to those not wearing masks. Quantitative measures of frequency, duration, site of touch, and oral activities were recorded. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between mask use and face touching.

RESULTS

Of the 490 observed subjects, 241 (49.2%) were wearing a mask properly and 249 (50.8%) were not. In the unmasked group, 33.7% (84/249) were wearing it improperly, covering the mouth only. Face touching occurred in 11.4% (56/490) of the masked group and 17.6% (88/490) in the unmasked group. Of those who touched their face, 61.1% (88/144) of people were not wearing a mask. The most common site of face touching was the perioral region in both groups. Both the masked and unmasked group had a frequency of face touching for 0.03 touches/s. Oral activities such as eating or smoking increased face touching in the unmasked group.

CONCLUSIONS

Contrary to expectations, non–mask-wearing subjects touched their face more frequently than those who were wearing a mask. This finding is substantial because wearing a face mask had a negative association with face touching. When wearing a mask, individuals are less likely to be spreading and ingesting viral particles. Therefore, wearing a mask is more effective in preventing the spread of viral particles.