bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Educating Oncology Nurses with Simulation: A Chemotherapy Spill
Authors: DeMacedo Sherry
Published: February 2018

The purpose of the QI project was to determine if the use of a simulated chemotherapy spill increased the competencies and confidence of oncology nurses employed on an inpatient chemotherapy unit. An educational QI design was utilized including a confidential voluntary pre and post intervention survey. The simulations were held on a 25 bed oncology unit. Twenty-nine RNs participated. The simulation objective was to locate and follow the current hospital policy, the MSDS for the particular drug and clean up the simulated spill based on the current policy. Twelve simulations were conducted. Only 20.6% of RNs had been previously exposed to a chemotherapy spill. More than half of RNs felt the simulation resembled real life and all felt that the simulation very much or somewhat prepared them to handle a chemotherapy spill. The results of the comparable questions were all statistically significant (P = <0.001) and suggest that the simulation did increase the nurses’ awareness of and comfort in locating the current hospital policy and MSDS. RN’s reported increased knowledge of the contents within a chemotherapy spill kit and an increase in feeling prepared to deal with a spill in the future. An unintentional finding revealed omissions and discrepancies in the current policy. Future research to include larger cohorts in multiple oncology settings is needed to support educating nurses with simulation. Simulation may also be useful in creating, reviewing and revising policies.
Comparison of Outcomes of Combined Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia with General Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia During Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Keker Lana
Published: February 2018

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is the most common type of heart surgery in the United States. The main benefit of CABG surgery is a significant decrease in myocardial infarction rate, while the most common complications of CABG are myocardial damage and atrial fibrillation. The incorporation of epidural anesthesia occurred in order to decrease sympathetic nervous system response during CABG but has not been extensively studied. A systematic review was conducted to compare the cardiovascular outcomes of the addition of thoracic epidural anesthesia to the anesthetic plan versus general anesthesia as a solo technique during coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. The PubMed database was searched to identify randomized controlled trials in adult patients undergoing CABG with implementation of thoracic epidural anesthesia versus general anesthesia only. Seven studies involving 668 participants met the criteria. A previously published meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials was also included. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) checklist was utilized to extrapolate and synthetize the data. The Critical Appraisal Sheet for Controlled Randomized Studies was adapted from the FRISBE tool in order to compare both within and across the studies. Two outcomes were measured: the degree of cardiac damage that was represented by troponin level and atrial fibrillation rate. The limited evidence suggested that thoracic epidural anesthesia does not provide cardioprotective benefits in adult patients undergoing CABG. The results of the study should be interpreted with caution due to the limited information available and heterogeneity of the studies. The question of whether thoracic epidural anesthesia provides cardioprotective functions requires further investigation. Taking into consideration the results of this study, it is not recommended to use the epidural anesthesia as an adjunct technique on the routine basis during CABG until more information is available.
Identifying Beliefs About Smoking in Patients with Peripheral Vascular Disease
Authors: Lopes-Costa Elizabeth
Published: February 2018

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is a chronic disabling illness that frequently results in the occlusion of arteries in lower limbs and may cause ischemia, gangrene, or infection. The single most significant factor contributing to both the onset and progression of PVD is smoking, which has addictive properties. Once smoking becomes a habitual behavior, combined with the atherosclerotic process, a disastrous pathway ensues. The aim of this project was to gain an understanding of the beliefs of patients with PVD who smoked. Data were obtained from a sample of participants with a known history of PVD who have had a previous vascular intervention and who are established patients in a vascular surgeon’s private office where N=50. The majority of participants were male (n=31; 63%) 65-74 years of age (n=18; 36%), were unemployed (n=30; 60%) and have smoked for greater than 51+ years (n=13; 26%). A scale that was developed guided by The Behavioral beliefs subscale revealed that PVD patients enjoyed smoking, smoking helped them to relax, and that they believed that they were addicted to smoking. Results from the normative beliefs indicated that the spouse or significant other, children or those whom they lived with, did not approve of their smoking and also that their healthcare provider had discussed smoking cessation with them. The control beliefs subscale results demonstrated that most patients had attempted to quit smoking, believed it would be a difficult behavior to stop, believed that they would require the assistance of a patch or medication and feared the withdrawal symptoms. Exploring the beliefs and thought process of patients who smoked provided a rich body of knowledge which can afford the healthcare professional with the ability to better understand the smoking experience as seen through patients’ eyes.
The Use of Probiotics in the Prevention of Clostridium Difficile Infection
Authors: Mook Lindsay
Published: February 2018

Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), the prevention of CDI, particularly in the inpatient hospital setting, remains a challenge. Clostridium difficile now rivals methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as the most common pathogen to cause hospital acquired infections (HAI) in the United States. Hospitalized patients are considered to be especially high risk for CDI, and among inpatient cases, antibiotic treatment, especially with Fluoroquinolones has been an almost universal factor in the development of CDIs. One preventative measure that is incontinently used in the prevention of CDI is oral probiotics. Probiotic consumption is reported to exert a myriad of beneficial effects including enhanced immune response, balancing of colonic microbiota, treatment of diarrhea associated with travel and antibiotic therapy, control of rotavirus and clostridium difficile induced colitis. The American College of Gastroenterology recognizes the role of probiotics and included probiotics as a level B recommendation for the treatment of CDI. It has been hypothesized that the use of probiotics, as an adjunctive therapy in patients receiving antibiotics, may provide a key intervention in reducing primary CDI. The purpose of this study was to conduct a retrospective chart review to explore healthcare providers prescribing trends regarding Fluoroquinolone antibiotics and adjunctive probiotics in patients with hospital acquired CDI. The Synergy model was used to guide the study. Results indicated that probiotics are not frequently prescribed for hospitalized patients on Fluoroquinolones and when they are it is with inconsistency. Additional research is recommended to further assess the use of probiotics in conjunction with other classes of commonly used antibiotics; this study solely looked at Fluoroquinolones.
Perceived Barriers to Contraceptive Use: An Exploratory Study of Women Living in Rural Haiti
Authors: de Gouvenain Jocelyne
Published: February 2018

Maternal health is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (WHO, 2016). Maternal health is a very important determinant of Haiti’s familial, educational, economic, and environmental development. One key to maternal health is family planning which can empower women to fulfill their familial and community roles. Family planning through contraception offers women the opportunity to gain time between child births by deciding when to get pregnant in relation to their other life obligations. Having fewer children and longer spacing between births provides women and children a better quality of life and an opportunity to be more productive members of their communities. A maternal health assessment for women of childbearing age in rural Beaulieu, Haiti and surrounding villages was conducted to investigate factors leading to unintended pregnancies among women receiving contraceptives at the Erline et Armelle Clinic using the Social Ecological Model as a framework. Implications for advanced practice public health nursing practice, policy, and research were identified and recommendations provided.
Perceived Barriers to End-of-Life Care Discussions in Cancer Patients from the Perspective of Ambulatory Oncology Nurses
Authors: Hobin Susan
Published: February 2018

With the advancing age of the population, the increasing incidence of cancer, and all of the advances in cancer therapy, comes the ability to prolong life in cancer patients well beyond what was possible even ten years ago. Along with the progress of advanced surgical and radiation techniques, there is now an ever-expanding array of chemotherapy, biotherapy, and immunotherapy being used on patients in all age groups and in all stages of cancer. These advances have thrilled researchers and physicians, as they now have a multitude of options to offer cancer patients, perhaps even as late as third or fourth line therapy. If traditional chemotherapy fails, it is very likely that a new novel agent will be offered to the patient, regardless of age and performance status. Cancer patients often have an unwavering amount of hope and faith in their physician, and these treatments, while promising and encouraging, add to the growing problem of delaying end-of-life care discussions in patients, often until they are exhausted of all hope and quality of life. The Institute of Medicine has made dying well from cancer a top priority and states that those with palliative needs deserve access to expert-level care and those who meet the criteria of a six month or less prognosis should be offered hospice. Ambulatory oncology nurses are in a unique position to add to the discussion of barriers to end-of-life care discussions in cancer patients and, for this reason a qualitative research study was conducted.
UN World Water Development Report 2016: "Water and Jobs"
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: February 2018

The 2016 Report provides the content and basis for debate throughout the
year on the global theme ‘Water and Jobs’ of this year’s World Water Day. The
Report illustrates that nearly 3 out of 4 jobs of the global workforce (3.2
billion people) are moderately or highly dependent upon access to water and
water-related services and therefore states that “Water is essential to decent
jobs and sustainable development”. Water stress and the lack of decent work can
exacerbate security challenges, force migration and undo the progress made in
the fight to eradicate poverty.

Capacity-building
Human resources
Ratio of female learners to school toilets in El Salvador (2014)
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: February 2018

This layer presents the ratio of female learners to school toilets in 100
schools in 3 provinces of El Salvador. On average, 56 male learners share one
toilet, whereas 51 female learners share the same toilet. From our responses, 9
schools indicated they had no toilet facilities, and data is missing for 3
schools.

Education
Gender
Hygiene
Sanitation
Youth
WASH human resources capacity gaps for achieving full service coverage in the
field of water & sanitation / sanitation sector (2014)
Authors: Meyer Chloé
Published: February 2018

This layer shows human resources capacity gaps for achieving full service
coverage in the field of water and sanitation.

For more information, visit:
www.iwa-network.org/downloads/1422745887-an-avoidable-crisis-wash-gaps.pdf

Capacity-building
Efficiency
Human esources
Sanitation
MODEL PREDIKSI TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK MELALUI RASIO CAMELS
Authors: Laksito Heru , Nanang Nanang
Published: February 2018

Early from monetary crisis is which knock over Indonesia of around year 1997 - 2008 causing private sector and also “persero” banking finding difficulties finance, even happened the liquidation bank and freezed. Pursuant to the background, hence problems which wish lifted in this research is whether CAMELS ratio consisted by the CAR, KAP, APB, NPM, ROA, ROE, BOPO, LDR, and IRR have the influence in prediction mount the health of banking in period 2004-2008?.Population in this research is which banking go public with amount of sampel equal to 80 sampel of financial statement banking from 16 bank during period 2004-2008. The statistic methods which is used to test on the research hypothesis is logit regression. The result show that the financial ratio to influence the determination health of bank are ROA and IRR with the storey level significant of equal to 0,003 and 0,018. The mentioned in line with research conducted by Titik Aryani & Hekinus Manao (2002).
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI UNTUK MENGIKUTI PENDIDIKAN PROFESI AKUNTANSI DITINJAU DARI GENDER DAN STATUS AKREDITASI PROGRAM STUDI
Authors: Suprianto Edy , Nikmahi Mifkhatun
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this research to analyze the influence of career motivation, motivational qualities, economic motivation, motivation degree, the motivation to follow Certification Exam Certified Public Accountants, the cost of education and a long interest in the education of accounting students to follow the Accounting Profession. Population in this research that students majoring in accounting at a private college in Semarang, purposive sampling technique used for sample retrieval and obtained a sample of 50 respondents, the data analysis techniques used multiple linear regression. These results indicate that the economic motivation, motivation and motivation to follow quality Certification Exam Certified Public Accountants significantly influence accounting students’ interest to follow Accounting Profession. Career motivation, degree of motivation, education costs and length of education did not significantly affect student interest in accounting to follow the Accounting Profession. Other results showed that no significant differences in student interest in accounting to follow the Accounting Profession in terms of gender, and there is also no significant difference in student interest in accounting to follow the Accounting Profession in terms of accreditation status
PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR PROFESIONALISME AUDITOR dan ETIKA PROFESI TERHADAP TINGKAT MATERIALITAS DALAM PEMERIKSAAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Annisa Vinanda Nurul , Wahyundaru Sri Dewi
Published: February 2018

Audit of financial statements is the most recognized services than other services, also referred to as traditional services. This service is a service that is often used by parties outside the company to assess the company and make decisions relating to the company. In this case the financial statement is the basis for decision making. Financial Lapoaran influenced by the materiality level, because materiality helps the auditor to gather sufficient evidence for the reliability of a financial statement. The title of this research Influence Factors Auditor Professionalism and Professional Ethics On The Level Examination Materiality in Financial Reporting. Type of research is descriptive. The population in this study is the auditor who worked on the Public Accounting Firm ( KAP ) in the city of Semarang. Sampling was done by purposive sampling, and the type of primary data. Analysis techniques in this study using a test testing data quality, validity, and reliability testing. Covers the classical assumption normality test, multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity test and hypothesis testing, regression test, t-test, f and testing the coefficient of determination ( R2 ). Based on the analysis, t-test ( partial ) variable social obligations significance value 0.084 and 0.086 significance value professional ethics do not have a significant effect on the level of materiality, while the variable devotion to the profession with a significance value of 0.017, with a significance value of 0.007 independence, confidence in the profession with values 0.005 significance and relationship with peers significance value of 0.002 has a significant influence on the level of materiality and test results F ( simultaneous ) variable devotion to the profession, social responsibility, self-reliance, confidence in the profession, relationships with colleagues and professional ethics with a value of 0,000 collectively sigifikasi same effect on the level of materiality. Dedication to the profession , self-reliance, confidence in the profession, relationships peers, and professional ethics considerations affect the materiality level so as to produce quality financial statements.
MODEL PENINGKATAN KINERJA MANAJERIAL MELALUI PARTISIPASI PENYUSUNAN ANGGARAN DAN JOB RELEVANT INFORMATION (JRI) (Studi Kasus Pada Universitas Diponegoro Semarang)
Authors: Sutapa Sutapa , Choiriyah Choiriyah
Published: February 2018

The present study aims to examine the relationship between budget participation on managerial performance in public sector organizations (Study at Diponegoro University). It also attempts to examines whether the Job Relevant Information (JRI) as an intervening variable between budgetary participation and managerial performance. Thedata used in this study is based on individual perception of the Head of the sub-division and the head of the division who filled out the questionnaire and returned to the researcher. There are 55 questionnaires distributed to the respondents, the number of questionnaires returned by 48 questionnaires (87%). Data analysis is done by using the SEM (Structural Equation Model) with PLS software. These results indicate that budgetary participation and significant positive effect on managerial performance. Participation in the managing of budgets gave the positive and significant towards the job relevant information (JRI). Job Relevant Information (JRI) gave positive and significant towards managerial performance. However, in testing of the relationship between budgetary participation and managerial performance through job relevant information (JRI) as an intervening variable, showed a positive but not significant.
PENGARUH FINANCIAL DISTRESS DAN AUDIT CLIENT TENURE TERHADAP PENERIMAAN OPINI AUDIT GOING CONCERN (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di BEI tahun 2010-2012)
Authors: Shidqi Dhama Lisan , Sutapa Sutapa
Published: February 2018

This research aimed to show empirical proves about the effect of financial distress and audit client tenure to an acceptance of going concern audit opinion. Hypothesis proposed by the researcher were (1) Financial distressnegatively affected to the acceptance of going concern audit opinion, (2) Audit client tenure negatively affected to the acceptance of going concern audit opinion. The sample of this research was manufacturing firm in the period of 2010-2012. Purposive sampling technique was used to obtain the sample. Logistic regression was used to analyze the data. The variables of this research were financial distress and audit client tenure. The result shows that financial distress have negatively affected on the acceptance of going concern audit opinion, while audit client tenure do not have significant effect on the acceptance of going concern audit opinion.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI TINGKAT PROFITABILITAS PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA (Studi Kasus pada Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia Tahun 2009 –2012)
Authors: Yunita Rima
Published: February 2018

Research on financial ratios and its effect to the profitability of banks in Indonesia have been carried out by several researchers, but research results are inconsistent. Profitability has essential means for long-term survival of banking business, because the profitability of the business showed good prospects in the future. This study intends to examine the effect of CAR, FDR, NPF, ROA, and ROA REO against Islamic bank in Indonesia. This explanatory research was conducted at the Islamic Commercial Bank at Bank Indonesia. Data collection was carried out inthe documentation, in the form of financial ratios data from the financial statements of Islamic Banks gained per month of Islamic Commercial Bank Statistical Report published by Bank Indonesia in 2009-2012. The samples are 48 financial ratios of data taken by purposive sampling. Descriptive statistics are used to see an overview of researchdata individually, and multiple linear regression was used to test the hypothesis, where the previous requirement that the classical assumptions include normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation have been fulfilled. The results of multiple linear regression showed the CAR regression coefficient on ROA is 0.026 withp = 0.024; FDR regression coefficient on ROA is 0.009 with p = 0.007; NPF on ROA regression coefficient is 0.042 with p = 0.368, regression coefficient on ROA REO by -1.53 with p = 0.000, and the regression coefficient on ROA ROA of -0.029 with p = 0.000. The test results demonstrate F value 17.893 with p = 0.000, and the test results adjusted R2 0.642 shows the explanatory power of the five independent variables in this study was 64.2% on ROA; remaining 35.8% is influenced by other factors are not included in the regression model. Concluded that partially CAR and FDR, respectively have a positive and significant effect to ROA, whereas BOPO and REO have a negative and significant effect to ROA, but NPF have no significant effect on ROA.
PERSEPSI MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI MENGENAI PENGARUH PREVENTING, ALIENATION DAN NEUTRALIZATION TERHADAP KECENDERUNGAN BERPERILAKU CURANG
Authors: Fuad Khoirul
Published: February 2018

A behavior person measured by the quality of education has achieved, the higher education the more good behavior. This is most words spoken of someone in general, but if we are to analyse the higher education could not guarantee a person behavior so best, the study analyzed about fraudulently behavior students accounting using indicator preventing, alienation and neutralization, there are several theories used in research is planned behavioral therapy and theory of justice . The sample accounting it uses student of Unissula second semester 2013 to 2014. A method of the data using system were delivered to students at the end of the semester. An analysis of data using statistic descriptive and the hypothesis using analysis regression SPSS assistance.The result of testing showed that the act of preventing significant to fraudulently behavior and had links negative with the significance less than 5 % and unstandardized coefficients of -.403 . While for variables alienation and neutralization each other significant to behavior fraudulently and had links positive for significance less than 5 % and unstandardized coefficients of .986 and .355.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI KOMITE AUDIT, AKTIVITAS KOMITE AUDIT DAN KEPEMILIKAN INSTITUSIONAL TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA
Authors: Kusumaningtyas Metta , Farida Dessy Noor
Published: February 2018

The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of audit committee and institutional ownership on earnings management. The characteristics that used to measure the effectiveness of the audit committee competence,and audit committee activity. Institutional ownership is measured by the number of proportion of shares held by institutional shareholders divided by the number of shares issued. Earnings management in this study weremeasured by using the value of discretionary accrual. The population in this study is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2007-2012. Based on purposive sampling method, the number of samples in this study of 300 samples. Testing the hypothesis using multiple regression analysis. The results of hypothesis testing indicate that audit committee competence and audit committee activity had a significant negative effect on earnings management. Instead institutional ownership had not influence on earnings management.
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN PERUSAHAAN, CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, DAN EARNINGS MANAGEMENT TERHADAP TIPE AUDITOR DAN AUDIT FEES (Studi Empiris Pada Perusahaan yang Terdaftar di BEI dan IICG Tahun 2011-2013)
Authors: Prayurgi Gandhi
Published: February 2018

Audit Fee is a dilemmatic problem for an auditor because auditor get a fee from the audited client. On the other side, auditor must be independent in giving their opinion while they also get a fee for services rendered. The purpose of this study is to provide information to companies, auditors, and other information users about the factors that influence the company in selecting the type of auditors and audit fees. The independent variables in this study ar Firm Ownership, Corporate Governance, and Earnings Management with the dependent variablesare the type of auitor and audit fees. Firm ownership in this study was divided into two, the state-owned companies (BUMN)and private companies. Earnings management was measured by discreationary acccruals (DACC) Jones model. Corporate governance in this study was measured by looking at Corporate Governance Perception Index (CGPI). Type of auditors in this study were divided into two, KAP the big four and non-the big four. Audit fees in this studywas measured by natural logarithm of the professional fees. The population of this study is companies listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) and also listed in the Indonesian Institute of Corporate Governance (IICG) in 2011- 2013 with the total sample is 51 company datas for 3 years. The hypotheses in this study were tested using logistic regression and multiple regression. The results of this study indicate that firm ownership does not influence the selection of the type of auditors and audit fees, while corporate governance and earnings management influence the selection of the type of auditors and audit fees.
PERBEDAAN POLA KONSUMSI IKAN DAN STATUS KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR (7-12 TH) DI DAERAH PESISIR DAN NON PESISIR KABUPATEN JEPARA TAHUN 2012
Authors: Fitriyanti Aprilia , Susilowati Aning , N.A. Darjono Uswatun
Published: February 2018

Background: Adolescents (7-12 years old) have a high potential of caries and periodontal infections. It happens due to fish diet of children at coastal and non coastal region. Fish nutrient contains mineral, fluoride which prevents demineralisation process. In addition, there is fatty acid which contains anti inflammation that prevent periodontal disease. The aim of the study is to determine the difference between fish consumption habit and oral health of coastal and non coastal people at Jepara district in 2012. Method: This research used analysis observational method with cross sectional design. It was done in 50 children at coastal region and 50 children at non coastal region in 2012. Those samples were collected using convenience sampling method. The fish diet pattern was measured with questionnaire. Caries status was measured with DMF-T index and gingival health was measured using Loe and Silness' gingival index. Study result was analyzed with Mann-Whitney comparative test. Result: The analysis result showed that there was a significant difference of fish consumption pattern (p=0,000), DMF-T status (p=0,000) and gingival index (p=0,000) between people at coastal and non coastal area. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between fish consumption pattern and oral health status of coastal and non coastal children at Jepara district in 2012.
ANALISA PROFIL KADAR C-REACTIVE PROTEIN PADA STATUS KESEHATAN PERIODONTAL PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 (Studi di Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang)
Authors: Yekti Nirmala , Rochmah Yayun Siti , Mujayanto Rochman
Published: February 2018

Background: Periodontitis is the inflammation of periodontal tissue that is characterized by the migration to the apical epithelial jungsional with clinical signs of an increase in probing depth. Periodontitis is one of the oral manifestations in patients with DM. CRP is a protein alpha-globulin produced in the liver and increased levels of inflammatory process in the event. In diabetic patients increased levels of CRP resulted in periodontal tissue destruction. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of CRP levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with periodontitis. Method: This research was conducted using analytical observational research methods. The samples used were type 2 diabetes patients with periodontitis and the control group of patients with type 2 diabetes without periodontitis in Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital . All of samples were examined periodontal index, levels of CRP and oral hygiene. Result: Mann Whitney's test show significance p=0.000, which means there are significant differences between groups. Spearman-Kendall's correlation show that relationship between CRP and periodontal index p=0.000 with a correlation coefficient 0.875 means p<0.05 there was that a significant relationship exists between them and the relationship is strong . In relation OH and periodontitis index p=0.030 with a correlation coefficient of 0.650 means p<0.05 there was that a significant relationship exists between them and the relationship strong . Conclusion: It can be concluded that CRP levels in patients type 2 diabetes with periodontitis is higher than the patients type 2 diabetes without periodontitis. And there is a strong relationship between levels of CRP with periodontitis index , and also a strong relationship between periodontitis and OH index .
HUBUNGAN JENIS KELAMIN TERHADAP KEBERSIHAN RONGGA MULUT ANAK PANTI ASUHAN
Authors: Setya Ningsih Diana
Published: February 2018

Background: Dental health of child is a reflection of a healthy life of their future. It is strongly influenced by the child's oral hygiene which can be seen from the index of OHIS (oral hygiene index simplified). The level of oral hygiene in general is influenced by their gender and parents. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of gender on children's oral hygiene at the orphanage.Method: This research was conducted at the orphanage Al Ishlah Al Aziziyah Banda Aceh with randomly selected subject by quota sampling technique. The subject of this study was 76 people (boy = 38 people and girl = 38 people). Subjects were applied by disclosing solution for 5 minutes and then recorded a score of debris and calculus using the index proposed by Greene and Vermillion. the value of debris and calculus were summed to obtain the index of OHIS. Result: The results showed the level of dental hygiene of the girls are much better than the level of oral hygiene of the boys (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that gender affects oral health of children.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN PEPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA, LINN.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN INDEKS GINGIVITIS PADA PEMAKAI ALAT ORTODONTIK CEKAT
Authors: Nur Arzanudin Hafid , Nurhapsari Arlina , Susilowati Aning
Published: February 2018

Background: Gingivitis is one of the serious periodontal infection desease and if there is no precise treatment it will cause the loss of tooth. Patient with fixed orthodontic appliance will be easier to be suffered by the gingivitis because the form of the appliance that attached in such a way. The gingivitis treatment has some alternatives derived from nature and traditional medicines. One of the plants which can be used as traditional medicine is papaya leaf (carica papaya L). Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effect of papaya leaf extract toward the decline of gingivitis index in patient with fixed orthodontic appliance.  Method: The method of this research was quasi-experiment with one group pre-post test design which samples were patient with fixed orthodontic appliance. The gingivitis index was examined in the sample which contains of 30 people at before and after treatment. The index was measured by counting gingival amount score devided by the number of teeth examined. The datawere analyzed by using Friedman examination with the degree of significance 0,05. Result: The result of the study shows that before the treatment 56,7% patient with fixed orthodontic appliance have mild gingivitis. And after the treatment, the number of patient with fixed orthodontic appliance with mild gingivitis increase to 93,3%. The significance score based on the Friedman examination was 0,000 (p<0,05). It means there was a meaningful differences between the group which is given papaya leaf extract at before and after the treatment. Conclusion: It can be concluded that papaya leaf extract is able to decrease the gingivitis index of patient with orthodontic appliance
TINJAUAN PENERAPAN NINE LIFE SAVING PATIENT SAFETY SOLUTIONS (STUDI KASUS DI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH BANTUL)
Authors: Arbianti Kusuma , Suparman Aris , Aini Qurrotul
Published: February 2018

Background: Patient safety already a high priority in the health service aspect in the hospital and has become demands of the needs in the health services, as it will hopefully minimize the risk of unexpected occurrences. Reducing the conflict between health workers and patients, reducing the incidence of medical disputes, reducing the demands and legal proceedings and administrative charges of malpractice accusation are getting more and more against hospital. WHO Collaborating Centre for Patient Safety has published Nine Life Saving Patient Safety Solutions. The purpose of this research was to review and analyze the application of nine life saving patient safety solutions in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul.Method: This case study was qualitative to review nine life saving safety patient solutions in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. The data has been collected with interview, observation, and analysis of documents in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. The research was held in RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul in October 2011. The object of this research is RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. While the subject of this research is the chairman of the patient safety team, Assistant Manager of Pharmacy, Assistant Manager of ICU, Assistant Manager of surgery room, Assistant Manager of Emergency room, Assistant Manager of nursing, head of the ward hall Al Kahfi, head of the ward hall Al A€™raf, and the head of the ward hall Ar Rahman. Result: This study shows that the patient safety program in PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul was still initiated and built, whereas the implementation of nine life saving patient safety solutions program is not yet specific and detailed. However there are a few items from these items are already implemented and can become input in the implementation of the nine life saving patient safety solutions program.Summary: The implementation of nine life saving patient safety solutions program is not yet specific. However there are a few items from these items are already implemented and can become input in the implementation of the nine life saving patient safety solutions program.
EFEKTIVITAS DAUN GAMBIR ( UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB ) UNTUK MENURUNKAN HALITOSIS YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH PLAK Studi di Panti Asuhan dan Pondok Pesantren Zuhriyah, Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Irfan Irfan , Rochmah Yayun Siti , Yusuf Moh , Aditya Grahita
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Halitosis is the smell of bad breath that comes out of the mouth. Gambir contained catechins which is a material that helps in inhibited bacteria and VSC (Volatic Sulfur Compound) as the cause of halitosis.Purpose: The aim of research to assess the effectiveness of gambir leaves against halitosis is caused by plaque.Methods: The method in this research is pre experimental research with 18 research subjects students. Halitosis parameter measurements made before and after the use of gambir for 3 days. VSC gas is measured using the tool "Oralchroma". Statistical data processing is done with the Wilcoxon test (p <0.05 as significant level).Results: There were decreased levels in each of the gas before and after gargling on treatment. H2S levels down to 100%, CH3SH fell by 43%, (CH3)2S down 24%. The three gas is visible gas reduction percentage is the highest H2S and the lowest is (CH3)2S. Wilcoxon test results obtained H2S sig 0.109 (p <0.05), CH3SH sig 0.005 (p <0.05) and (CH3)2S sig 0.009 (p <0.05).Conclusion: Gambir leaf decoction is effective against halitosis is caused by plaque.
PENGARUH LAMA APLIKASI DAN JENIS BAHAN PENCAMPUR SERBUK KALSIUM HIDROKSIDA TERHADAP KEKERASAN MIKRO DENTIN SALURAN AKAR
Authors: Putri Kusuma Andina Rizkia
Published: February 2018

Background: Calcium hydroxide (Ca(0H)2) has a beneficial biological properties as intracanal medicament. However, the direct contact of Ca(OH)2 with the root canal dentine can affect the physical properties and increasing the root fracture risk of treated tooth. This study aimed to determine the effect of application periods Ca(OH)2 mix with glycerin and chlorhexidine digluconate 2% on the micro hardness of root canal dentine.Method: Thirty extracted mandibular first premolars were use in this study. The crowns of the teeth were removed and the canals were prepared with crown- down technique. Each root was sectioned transversely on cervical third of 5 mm thickness and then they were mounted on acrylic resin. The specimens were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 root segments each. In group IA, IB and IC Ca(0H)2 — glycerin mix were applicated during in a row two weeks contact, four weeks contact and twelve weeks contact. Whereas in group IIA, IIB and IIC Ca(0H)2 - chlorhexidine digluconate 2% mix were applicated during in a row two weeks contact, four weeks contact and twelve weeks contact. During the treatment period, the subjects were kept in an incubator at 37 ° C. Vickers Indenter Microhardness Tester was used to measure the micro hardness of root canal dentine after direct contact with Ca(OH)2 paste.Result: The results showed that the contact periods were effected on dentin micro hardness, while the type of vehicle was not significant.Conclusion: Greatest dentin micro hardness value shown on the application Ca(OH)2 – glycerine paste during two weeks, while the smallest value shown on the application pasta Ca(OH)2 -glycerine during twelve weeks.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK JAHE MERAH (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE) TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL FIBROBLAS DALAM PROSES PENYEMBUHAN ULKUS PADA MUKOSA MULUT TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)
Authors: Agusmawanti Prima
Published: February 2018

Background: In the wound healing process there are a variety of processes, including the most important are fibroplasia process that has a very important role in the wound healing process. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale) contains active ingredients include a mixture of components of essential oils and resins that oleoresin which has anti-inflammatory effects. The aim is determine the effect of red ginger extract against the number of fibroblasts in healing ulcers on the oral mucosa white male rats (Rattus norvegicus)Method: Samples using 24 male rats 2-3 months of age and body weight of 120-200 grams. Mandibular labial mucosa injured mice using H2O2 solution for 2x1 days. The samples were divided into 4 groups, where each group each of 4individuals: group 1 without any treatment, group 2 was treated application ginger gel extract 4%, group 3 was given treatment application ginger gel extract 8% and group 4 treated with applications aloclair gel. On the fourth day after the injury,the rats were decapitated, then do making preparations for histology to count the number of fibroblast cells.Result: The results Oneway ANOVA p value <0.05 and post Hoc Test LSD p value <0.05 which means that the extract of red ginger significantly affects the number of fibroblast cells and between groups have significant differencesConclusion: Extract red ginger gel is effective against the number of fibroblasts in healing ulcers on the oral mucosa white male rats.
PENGARUH APLIKASI GEL EKSTRAK MEMBRAN KULIT TELUR BEBEK 10% TERHADAP KEPADATAN SERABUT KOLAGEN PADA PROSES PENYEMBUHAN LUKA GINGIVA
Authors: Novitasari Agung Ikaputri Mulatpeni , Indraswary Recita , Pratiwi Rosa
Published: February 2018

Background: Several processes in a teeth treatment often inflict wound ingingiva. Collagen is the key component of the wound healing. The collagen roles in advancing wound healing particularly, triggering the synthesis to induces collagen and cellular migration, and also inducing clotting cascades. Wound treatment using natural product is potential in accelerating wound healing, in particular duck egg membrane which contains collagen, glucosamine, and hyaluronic acid. This study aims to find out the influence of gel extract application of duck egg shell membrane 10 % towards collagen solidity on gingiva wound recovery process (study of Rattus norvegicus).Method: The subjects of the study consist of 20 male Rattus norvegicus aged 2-3 months which were given wound on labial gingiva of the maxillary central incisors with punch biopsy. The samples were divided into 2 groups, they were positive control group (Aloclair Gel®) and experimental group (gel extract of duck egg shell membrane 10%), each of them was treated topically twice a day for one minute.The assessment of collagen fiber was done by giving score over the collagen fiber solidity of the histological tissue through 6 points of view. The observer done by two person (blind interpretation) score of collagen fiber solidity.Result: The analysis result showed that there was a significant difference on collagen fiber solidity (p>0,05) between positive control groups and experimental group on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th day.Conclusion: This study concludes that the application of topical gel extract of duck egg shell membrane 10% affects the improvement of collagen fiber solidity on the process of healing gingiva wound on Rattus norvegicus
PENGARUH LARUTAN EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle L.) 50% TERHADAP PELEPASAN ION METAL (Ni, Cr dan Fe) PADA BREKET ORTODONTIK
Authors: J. Dundu Marzuki Akbar , Aditya Grahita , Hadianto Eko
Published: February 2018

Background: Orthodontic bracket is one of the components in a fixed orthodontic treatment. The influence of the oral cavity of an orthodontic bracket is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction due to corrosion on the bracket. The solution of extracts of betel leaf (Piper betle L.) of 50% which could affect corrosion. This study aimed to know the effect of betel leaf extract solution (piper betle L.) 50% against metal ion release.Method: The research method was “The Post Test Control Group Desain”, consists of four large groups respectively soaked with 6 units of brackets, consisting of a solution of betel leaf extract (piper betle L.) 50% (treatment), aquabidest (negative control), artificial saliva (negative control) and Naf (positive control) incubated for 7 days with a temperature of 370 C. Then ion measurement using the tool inductively coupled plasma – optical emission spectrophotometry (ICP-OES).Results: this study showed that the average release of ion the largest was on the solution of betel leaf extract (0.157167) then aquabides (0.086967), artificial saliva (0,08833) and sodium flouride (0.005533). Test results of Mann-Withney showed the presence of significant difference (p<0.05) release of ion Ni, Cr and Fe on four groups except among artificial saliva groups and sodium fluoride but the group that was soaked in a solution of betel leaf extract (piper betle L.) 50% occured a release of ion Ni, Cr and Fe higher. This is because the samples werestored in solution of betel leaf extract (Piper betle L.) of 50% which is a liquid electrolyte that can cause ion release.Conclusion: Betel leaf extract (piper betle L.) 50% is not effective to be used as an alternative to slow corrosive to metal ion (Ni, Cr and Fe) on a metal bracket.
THE INFLAMMATORY REACTION OF PULP TISSUE WITH CALCIUM HYDROXIDE, MTA AND PORTLAND CEMENT (In Vivo)
Authors: Witasari Jos Erry Hesti , Munyati Usman , Dewi Anggraini
Published: February 2018

Background : Perforation in normal pulp could be happened anytime. In sterile condition, direct pulp capping was the right therapy to maintain the vitality and pulp function. Direct pulp capping agent must contact with the pulp tissue. Generally, body had an immunologic respond with foreign body that contact with tissue. The respond could be inflammatory reaction. The used direct pulp capping agents were calcium hydroxide, and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) which known as better agent but relatively expensive and difficult to obtain. So that, the alternative of MTA, Portland cement which was the same essential of MTA, was being developed. The aim of this study, to analized inflammatory reaction of the pulp tissue with direct pulpcapping agents calcium hydroxide, MTA, and Portland cement.Methods: Free caries M. Nemestrina’s posterior teeth were prepared to formpin point perforations on buccal surface of the crowns. The teeth were appliedwith one of the three capping agents. Teeth were filled and extracted. Theextracted teeth were proceed into histopatological preparation slides to evaluatethe inflammatic reaction.Results: The result showed no statistically significant differences of pulp inflammatory reaction between calcium hydroxide, MTA and Portland cement in7, 14, 42, and 90 days.Conclusion: The inflammatory reaction of pulp tissue of the three pulp cappingagent (calcium hydroxide, MTA, and PC) were insignificant different.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum)
Authors: Prasonto Djuned , Riyanti Eriska , Gartika Meirina
Published: February 2018

Background: Organosulfur compound, allicin and phenolic are the main compound in garlic responsible for antioxidant activity. Correlation between free radicals and some dental diseases, such as free radicals and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) responsible for periodontal inﬂammation, caries, lesions and oral cancers. The research objective is to get scientifc data about the antioxidant activity from garlic extract (Allium sativum).Method: The research was conducted using three diﬀerent varieties of garlic:local garlic varieties Ciwidey, single local garlic’s clove, and import garlic which is found at the market in Bandung. Garlic extract is made by maceration using ethanol 96% and antioxidant activity test using DPPH method (1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl). Statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA followed by post hoc analysisResult: three varieties of garlic have a strong antioxidant activity. Value of IC50 = 13.61 mg / ml for local garlic varieties Ciwidey, IC50 = 10.61 mg/ml for single local garlic’s clove and IC50 = 11.32 mg/ml for imports garlic.Conclusion: Three varieties of garlic have diﬀerent antioxidant strength and the best antioxidant strength is single local garlic’s clove.