bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOME ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CONTEMPORARY LATVIAN TERMINOGRAPHY: CHALLENGES, SOLUTIONS, OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Peina Elīna , Helviga Anita
Published: November 2021

While studying the state of contemporary Latvian terminography, it must be acknowledged that terminological dictionaries are issued very often. The present research examines 450 Latvian terminological dictionaries that have been published in the last 30 years. Terminological dictionaries represent 30–40 % of the entire Latvian lexicography. Their characterization has a wide variety, both in terms of the authors and publishers, in terms of language selection and in terms of target audience. In addition, there are dictionaries approved by the Terminology Commission and dictionaries that are not approved by any official institutions. There is a lack of studies on the habits and needs of term dictionary users. In addition, publications of criticism or analysis about the qualitative performance of such dictionaries are also rare and no criteria has been developed to fully analyse and evaluate the development of terminology’s theory and practice. In this article, the authors have focused on exploring the situation in order to clarify the main trends in the characteristics of the terminography of Latvia. This was done through interviews with representatives of leading publishers who confirmed that the publishing houses are losing interest in issuing terminological dictionaries and discussion with the Chairman of the Terminology Commission of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. The authors have identified the main issues in organising the terminology process and determined answers to specific questions: what determines the dictionaries’ choice and credibility factor; how is feedback sought after a new dictionary is issued; what alternatives exist in areas where terminological dictionaries have been missing for decades, etc. Finally, the study analyses the new Latvian National Terminology Portal, which has been in operation for two years, with an aim to provide information on terms and to allow everyone to participate in the process of creating new terms.
CREATIVE ACTIVITIES FOR ACQUIRING GEOMETRY KNOWLEDGE DURING THE PROCESS OF EDUCATION IN GRADE 3
Authors: Temnikova Maria
Published: November 2021

The article systematized some theoretical concepts related to creativity as process and activity.

The researcher analyzed the expected results from the education in mathematics in grade 3 and particularly from competency Cluster “Geometry figures and bodies” included in the educational program approved by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Bulgaria. A new methodology system of work was developed and tested. The system includes tasks of a type that will facilitate the students to perform creative activities. Some of these tasks are presented in the research work.

Results of the empiric study have been processed using mathematics-statistics methods and are graphically presented. The results demonstrated that the students successfully performed creative activities during the process of acquiring geometry knowledge. 

The problem-productive strategy of education applied during education in mathematics for grade 3 students provoked them to perform creativity activity and created preconditions for development in the students of knowledge, skills, competences, and competencies related to geometry figures.
MPPT Full Bridge Converter using Fuzzy Type-2
Authors: Prastyawan Annas Budi , Efendi Mohammad Zaenal , Murdianto Farid Dwi
Published: November 2021

Renewable energy application using Photovoltaic (PV) is developed as a conversion from solar energy into electrical energy. PV produces output power according to irradiation and temperature conditions. PV has a Maximum Power Point or MPP based on P-V characteristic curve. In certain conditions, PV has an unstable output power then the accuracy of the power generated is not maximum. MPPT method with conventional control is not optimal to resolves power inaccuracies in the system. When the system has a circuit problem, the conventional power converter will be damage. To achieve accuracy and maximize PV output, the Maximum Power Point method will find MPP. Using MPPT Fuzzy Type-2 method on the converter can reliably overcome the inaccuracies and tracking speed of PV power. Full Bridge Converter topology is used as a safety circuit with a high-frequency isolation transformer. Implemented on MATLAB/Simulink software, Simulation results in Model 1 show that the average power accuracy with Fuzzy Type-2 is 91.40% compared to Fuzzy Type-1 with an average power accuracy of 80.64%. In Model 2, Fuzzy Type-2 is 87.63% compared to Fuzzy Type-1 of 77.93%. MPPT method using fuzzy type-2 is better than using fuzzy type-1 in terms of power accuracy.Keywords: full bridge converter, fuzzy type-2, MATLAB/Simulink, maximum power point tracking, photovoltaic.
Clinical commissioning group funding of oculoplastic services: is there a postcode lottery?
Authors: Hunt Samantha , Ford Rebecca
Published: November 2021

Background/Aims

Clinical commissioning groups have been responsible for commissioning healthcare services since 2013, allocating resources according to local needs. This has given rise to concerns about a ‘postcode lottery’. This study examined the variability of clinical commissioning group-imposed funding restrictions and access policies for oculoplastic procedures in England.

Methods

A freedom of information request was sent to all 206 clinical commissioning groups in February 2018 seeking information about their funding policies for common oculoplastic procedures. When signposted to online policies, these were reviewed.

Results

Significant funding variation exists across all procedures examined. Access criteria usually depends on visual function sequelae. Some clinical commissioning groups have adopted shared policies. Although many policies are publicly available online, the authors frequently found them unclear and thus suspect that practical implementation may be challenging.

Conclusions

Access policies vary significantly across England. Practical interpretation is difficult, leading to a postcode lottery. This has implications for patient access, and clinician workload.
Makeraia gen. nov. (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae), a long-antennated Pristocerinae from Madagascar
Authors: MUGRABI DANIELE , AZEVEDO CELSO
Published: November 2021

Here we describe the flat wasp genus Makeraia gen. nov., and its three species M. migueli sp. nov., M. clariceae sp. nov. and M. lacinia sp. nov. from Madagascar. The males of this genus are easily recognized among the other genera of Pristocerinae by having the antennae very long, about as long as the whole body, a condition unique in Bethylidae. Our findings emphasize the endemicity of the flat wasp fauna of Madagascar and its high potential of biodiversity.
Compensation of lens manufacturing errors and inhomogeneities by filtering view images in three-dimensional lenticular displays
Authors: Zhou Jundong , Ferreras Paz Valeriano , Stork Wilhelm
Published: November 2021

For a multiview autostereoscopic three-dimensional display based on the lenticular lens, the manufacturing errors and inhomogeneities of the lenticular sheet can deteriorate the view image quality. A calibration method is proposed by filtering the pixel mapping of all view images. Each view is first sequentially turned on to show a white test image, and the intensity distribution of every view will be analyzed. Then individual filter functions are derived and applied to the corresponding view images to correct the subpixel value. Experimental results show that the proposed method can solve view image loss and significantly improve the quality of stereoscopic images.
Relationship between cigarette smoking and blood pressure in adults in Nepal: A population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Lan Renqiao , Bulsara Max K. , Pant Prakash Dev , Wallace Hilary Jane
Published: November 2021

Smoking and hypertension are two major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in Nepal. The relationship between cigarette smoking and blood pressure (BP) in Nepal is unclear. This study analysed the data from the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey to explore the differences in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) between current daily cigarette smokers and non-smokers in Nepali adults aged 18 to 49 years. A total of 5518 women and 3420 men with valid BP measurements were included. Age, body mass index, wealth quintile (socio-economic status) and agricultural occupation (proxy for physical activity) were included as potential confounders in multivariable linear regression analysis. Women smokers were found to have significantly lower SBP (mean difference 2.8 mm, 95% CI 0.7–4.8 mm) and DBP (mean difference 2.2 mm, 95% CI 0.9–3.6 mm) than non-smokers after adjustment. There were no significant differences in BP between smokers and non-smokers in males, either before or after adjustment. The lower BP in female cigarette smokers in Nepal may be explained by the physiological effect of daily cigarette smokingper sein women, or unmeasured confounders associated with a traditional lifestyle that may lower BP (for example, diet and physical activity). In this nationally representative survey, daily cigarette smoking was not associated with increased BP in males or females in Nepal.
QuickFigures: A toolkit and ImageJ PlugIn to quickly transform microscope images into scientific figures
Authors: Mazo Gregory
Published: November 2021

Publications involving fluorescent microscopy images generally contain many panels with split channels, merged images, scale bars and label text. Similar layouts of panels are used when displaying other microscopy images, electron micrographs, photographs, and other images. Assembling and editing these figures with even spacing, consistent font, text position, accurate scale bars, and other features can be tedious and time consuming. In order to save time, I have created a toolset and ImageJ Plugin called QuickFigures. QuickFigures includes many helpful features that streamline the process of creating, aligning, and editing scientific figures. Those features include tools that automatically create split channel figures from a region of interest (“Quick Figure” button and “Inset Tool”), layouts that make it easy to rearrange panels, multiple tools to align objects, and “Figure Format” menu options that help a user ensure that large numbers of figures have consistent appearance. QuickFigures was compared to previous tools by measuring the amount of time needed for a user to create a figure using each software (QuickFigures, OMERO.figure. EZFig, FigureJ and PowerPoint). QuickFigures significantly reduced the amount of time required to create a figure. The toolsets were also compared by checking each software against a list of features. QuickFigures had the most extensive set of features. Therefore, QuickFigures is an advantageous alternative to traditional methods of constructing scientific figures. After a user has saved time by creating their work in QuickFigures, the figures can be exported to a variety of formats including PowerPoint, PDF, SVG, PNG, TIFF and Adobe Illustrator. Export was successfully tested for each file format and object type. Exported objects and text are editable in their target software, making them suitable for sharing with collaborators. The software is free, open source and can be installed easily.
Small molecule allosteric inhibitors of RORγt block Th17-dependent inflammation and associated gene expression in vivo
Authors: Saenz Steven A. , Local Andrea , Carr Tiffany , Shakya Arvind , Koul Shivsmriti , Hu Haiqing , Chourb Lisa , Stedman Justin , Malley Jenna , D’Agostino Laura Akullian , Shanmugasundaram Veerabahu , Malona John , Schwartz C. Eric , Beebe Lisa , Clements Meghan , Rajaraman Ganesh , Cho John , Jiang Lan , Dubrovskiy Alex , Kreilein Matt , Shimanovich Roman , Hamann Lawrence G. , Escoubet Laure , Ellis J. Michael
Published: November 2021

Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor (ROR) γt is a member of the RORC nuclear hormone receptor family of transcription factors. RORγt functions as a critical regulator of thymopoiesis and immune responses. RORγt is expressed in multiple immune cell populations including Th17 cells, where its primary function is regulation of immune responses to bacteria and fungi through IL-17A production. However, excessive IL-17A production has been linked to numerous autoimmune diseases. Moreover, Th17 cells have been shown to elicit both pro- and anti-tumor effects. Thus, modulation of the RORγt/IL-17A axis may represent an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and some cancers. Herein we report the design, synthesis and characterization of three selective allosteric RORγt inhibitors in preclinical models of inflammation and tumor growth. We demonstrate that these compounds can inhibit Th17 differentiation and maintenance in vitro and Th17-dependent inflammation and associated gene expression in vivo, in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, RORγt inhibitors were assessed for efficacy against tumor formation. While, RORγt inhibitors were shown to inhibit tumor formation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) organoids in vitro and modulate RORγt target genes in vivo, this activity was not sufficient to delay tumor volume in a KP/C human tumor mouse model of pancreatic cancer.
Change in the central control of the bladder function of rats with focal cerebral infarction induced by photochemically-induced thrombosis
Authors: Ota Yuya , Kubota Yasue , Hotta Yuji , Matsumoto Mami , Matsuyama Nayuka , Kato Taiki , Hamakawa Takashi , Kataoka Tomoya , Kimura Kazunori , Sawamoto Kazunobu , Yasui Takahiro
Published: November 2021

The photochemically-induced thrombosis (photothrombosis) method can create focal cerebral infarcts anywhere in the relatively superficial layers of the cerebrum; it is easy to implement and minimally invasive. Taking advantage of this versatility, we aimed to establish a new rat model of urinary frequency with focal cerebral infarction, which was characterized by its simplicity, nonlethal nature, and high reproducibility. The prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex, which are involved in lower urinary tract control, were targeted for focal cerebral infarction, and urinary parameters were measured by cystometrogram. Cystometric analysis indicated that micturition intervals significantly shortened in photothrombosis-treated rats compared with those in the sham operative group on Days 1 and 7 (P < 0.01), but prolonged after 14 days, with no difference between the two groups. Immunopathological evaluation showed an accumulation of activated microglia, followed by an increase in reactive astrocytes at the peri-infarct zone after photothrombotic stroke. Throughout this study, all postphotothrombosis rats showed cerebral infarction in the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex; there were no cases of rats with fatal cerebral infarction. This model corresponded to the clinical presentation, in that the micturition status changed after stroke. In conclusion, this novel model combining nonlethality and high reproducibility may be a suitable model of urinary frequency after focal cerebral infarction.
No group differences in Traditional Economics Measures of loss aversion and framing effects in bipolar I disorder
Authors: Anderson Zachary , Fairley Kim , Villanueva Cynthia M. , Carter R. McKell , Gruber June
Published: November 2021

Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with impaired decision making, yet few studies have adopted paradigms from behavioral economics to decompose which, if any, aspects of decision making may be impacted. This may be particularly relevant for decision-making processes relevant to known difficulties with emotive dysfunction and corresponding reward dysregulation in BD. Participants with bipolar I disorder (BD; n = 44) and non-psychiatric healthy controls (CTL; n = 28) completed three well-validated behavioral economics decision making tasks via a remote-based survey, including loss aversion and framing effects, that examined sensitivity to probabilities and potential gains and losses in monetary and non-monetary domains. Consistent with past work, we found evidence of moderate loss aversion and framing effects across all participants. No group differences were found in any of the measures of loss aversion or framing effects. We report no group differences between bipolar and non-psychiatric groups with respect to loss aversion and framing effects using a remote-based survey approach. These results provide a framework future studies to explore similar tasks in clinical populations and suggest the context and degree to which decision making is altered in BD may be rooted in a more complex cognitive mechanism that warrants future research.
Uncovering the stability status of the reputed reference genes in breast and hepatic cancer cell lines
Authors: Gorji-Bahri Gilar , Moradtabrizi Niloofar , Hashemi Atieh
Published: November 2021

Accurate and reliable relative gene expression analysis via the Reverse Transcription-quantitative Real Time PCR (RT-qPCR) method strongly depends on employing several stable reference genes as normalizers. Utilization of the reference genes without analyzing their expression stability under each experimental condition causes RT-qPCR analysis error as well as false output. Similar to cancerous tissues, cancer cell lines also exhibit various gene expression profiles. It is crucial to recognize stable reference genes for well-known cancer cell lines to minimize RT-qPCR analysis error. In this study, we showed the expression level and investigated the expression stability of eight common reference genes that are ACTB, YWHAZ, HPRT1, RNA18S, TBP, GAPDH, UBC, and B2M, in two sets of cancerous cell lines. One set contains MCF7, SKBR3, and MDA-MB231 as breast cancer cell lines. Another set includes three hepatic cancer cell lines, including Huh7, HepG2, and PLC-PRF5. Three excel-based softwares comprising geNorm, BestKeeper, and NormFinder, and an online tool, namely RefFinder were used for stability analysis. Although all four algorithms did not show the same stability ranking of nominee genes, the overall results showed B2M and ACTB as the least stable reference genes for the studied breast cancer cell lines. While TBP had the lowest expression stability in the three hepatic cancer cell lines. Moreover, YWHAZ, UBC, and GAPDH showed the highest stability in breast cancer cell lines. Besides that, a panel of five nominees, including ACTB, HPRT1, UBC, YWHAZ, and B2M showed higher stability than others in hepatic cancer cell lines. We believe that our results would help researchers to find and to select the best combination of the reference genes for their own experiments involving the studied breast and hepatic cancer cell lines. To further analyze the reference genes stability for each experimental condition, we suggest researchers to consider the provided stability ranking emphasizing the unstable reference genes.
Effect of deprivation and ethnicity on primary macula-on retinal detachment repair success rate and clinical outcomes: A study of 568 patients
Authors: Moussa George , Kalogeropoulos Dimitrios , Ch’ng Soon Wai , Lett Kim Son , Mitra Arijit , Tyagi Ajai K. , Sharma Ash , Andreatta Walter
Published: November 2021

Purpose

Socio-economic deprivation and ethnic variation have been frequently linked to poorer health outcomes. We collected a large series of primary macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) cases and analysed the effect of socio-economic deprivation and ethnicity on both six-month retinal re-detachment rate and visual outcomes.

Materials and methods

Retrospective consecutive case series of 568 patients attending Birmingham and Midlands Eye Centre from January 2017–2020. Multiple Indices of Deprivation (IMD) deciles were used for deprivation status and split to two groups: IMD-A (Decile 1–5) and IMD-B (Decile 6–10). The two largest subgroups of ethnicities were compared, White and South Asians (SA).

Results

We report an overall retinal re-detachment rate of 8.5%. IMD-A re-detached significantly more than IMD-B (11.2% vs 6.0% respectively, p = 0.034). No statistical significance was found between White and SA re-detachment rate (9.1% and 5.6% respectively, p = 0.604). SA median age significantly lower at 49 years (IQR: 37–61) compared to White patients at 57 years (IQR: 50–65) (p = <0.001). IMD-A median age of 55 years (IQR: 46–64) was significantly lower to IMD-B median age of 58 years (IQR: 51–65) (p = 0.011). No differences in final visual outcomes were detected across all groups.

Conclusion

We demonstrated an increased retinal re-detachment rate in our more deprived patients according to IMD and a younger cohort of SA compared to White ethnicity. Further prospective studies are required to demonstrate the link between socio-economic deprivation and surgical success.
O jogo da distância e as distâncias dos jogos
Authors: André João Maria
Published: November 2021

Neste texto, procuramos fazer um estudo analítico e crítico do livro Distanza, a cura di Antonio dall’Igna, Ernesto C. Sferraza Papa e Alessandro Carrieri. Partindo da inscrição dos diferentes ensaios, todos sobre o conceito de distância, que constituem o livro, em áreas tão diversificadas como a Filosofia Prática e Teórica, o Teatro e o Cinema, a Literatura (nos géneros da Poesia, da Ficção e da Reportagem Jornalística), o Pensamento Oriental, a Política, a Informática, a Antropologia, a Pintura, a Escultura e a Arquitetura, a Teologia, a História, a Sociologia e o Pensamento Utópico, procuramos, a partir da relação da distância com o tempo e o espaço, mostrar como todos os capítulos mobilizam, de modo explícito ou implícito, o conceito de jogo para pensar a distância. Num segundo momento cruzamos esta articulação entre jogo e distância com o conceito de objetos transicionais, de Donald Winnicott, que nos serve de mediação operatória para pensar a distância, no jogo, como separação e como relação, aplicando este conceito a diversos dispositivos práticos ou conceptuais presentes nos diversos ensaios. Por último, consideramos que é uma ontologia da relação que é reclamada por um pensamento filosófico aprofundado das diversas modalidades de distância e dos diversos modos da sua superação.
Materialismo fenomenológico y estromatología
Authors: Falcón Luis Álvarez
Published: November 2021

No presente artigo intentamos percorrer a evolução do pensamento de Ricardo Sánchez Ortiz de Urbina. Partiremos das origens do materialismo filosófico, contextualizado na chamada “Escola Oviedo”, para chegar à gestação do materialismo fenomenológico e da chamada “Estromatologia”. Neste caminho, poderemos ver a influência contínua do pensamento de Edmund Husserl e da última receção da fenomenologia europeia (Marc Richir, Henri Maldiney, etc.). O resultado será a caracterização filosófica da evolução da obra do pensador espanhol e autor da filosofia estromatológica.
Camilo Castelo Branco, a vingança
Authors: Santos Giuliano Lellis Ito
Published: November 2021

O “romance original” Vingança, de Camilo Castelo Branco, publicado em 1858, é um bom exemplo de como a forma romanesca se constitui nos países periféricos. A inserção de um narrador intrometido, que, em vários momentos, intervém na narrativa, esboça opiniões sobre o conteúdo e o modo de se escrever romances em Portugal, além da temática da vingança ligada ao fluxo e distribuição de capital, parecem forçar a construção de uma narrativa não linear. Neste caso, estes dois elementos são de grande importância para a análise aqui proposta, pois busca-se entender qual a relação entre a economia liberal portuguesa e a forma adquirida pelo romance dentro desse ambiente. Através deste recorte pretende-se constituir uma leitura da forma romanesca e sua adaptação ao ambiente periférico português.
Viragem translacional nos estudos ibéricos?
Authors: Ugalde Esther Gimeno
Published: November 2021

À semelhança de outros trabalhos recentes, este artigo afirma a importância da tradução para os Estudos Ibéricos, ilustrando o seu potencial epistemológico na análise das ligações entre as diferentes culturas e literaturas peninsulares. Em primeiro lugar, analisa-se o papel que a tradução tem tido neste campo até hoje e como o seu estudo tem sido abordado a partir de outras disciplinas. Em segundo lugar, partindo de uma aproximação entre os Estudos Ibéricos e os Estudos de Tradução, propõe-se uma abordagem relacional da Península Ibérica como uma “zona de tradução” que sirva de modelo teórico-metodológico para examinar as diferentes formas e práticas de tradução neste espaço. Face ao recente interesse pelo fenómeno da tradução, questiona-se, por fim, se é mesmo possível falar de uma “viragem translacional” nos Estudos Ibéricos.
Luís de Camões. A Global Poet for today Helder Macedo and Thomas Earle (Eds.) André Carrilho (Ilustrador) Lisboa: Lisbon Poets & Company, 2019 360 páginas. ISBN 9789895467327
Authors: Cardoso Bernardes José Augusto
Published: November 2021

Dar a conhecer Camões a leitores do século XXI é um propósito tão louvável quanto difícil. Essa é nomeadamente, em Portugal, a tarefa dos professores do Ensino Básico e Secundário, a quem cumpre falar regularmente de Os Lusíadas a alunos de 14/15 anos e da lírica no ano subsequente.
Depressão e psicoterapia em António Lobo Antunes: qualquer coisa que me ajude a existir. André Corrêa De Sá Alfragide: Texto Editores, 2019 eBook. ISBN 9789896607418
Authors: Ferreira Patrícia Martinho
Published: November 2021

A simbiose entre a voz empática de André Corrêa de Sá e as vozes deprimidas de António Lobo Antunes oferece um caminho interpretativo onde teoria literária e semiologia médico-terapêutica se entrelaçam de forma original para garantir um olhar profundo sobre a obra de um escritor incontornável.
La mirada ibérica a través de los géneros literarios. Antonio Rivero Machina, Guadalupe Nieto Caballero, Ismael López Martín y Alberto Escalante Varona (Eds). Berlin: Peter Lang, 2019 97 páginas. ISBN 9783631777626
Authors: Relvas Susana Rocha
Published: November 2021

O livro aqui em análise, La mirada ibérica a través de los géneros literarios, parte de uma seleção de textos apresentados ao II Congreso Internacional de Investigación y Crítica sobre Literatura Española (2018), organizado pela Asociación de Investigación y Crítica sobre Literatura Española (ASICLE), da Faculdade de Filosofia e Letras da Universidade da Extremadura, Cáceres.
Tradução e publicação de teatro espanhol em Portugal
Authors: Fernandes Ângela
Published: November 2021

Considerando a proeminência do teatro no contexto cultural espanhol, tanto no que diz respeito à herança teatral do “Siglo de Oro” como à relevante produção dramática contemporânea, torna-se oportuno verificar de que modo, e em que medida, a tradução tem contribuído para o conhecimento deste campo do universo literário espanhol em Portugal. Este estudo foca-se nas traduções de teatro espanhol publicadas em livro, em especial no âmbito de duas coleções: “Civilização Teatro”, editada na década de 1960, e “Livrinhos de Teatro”, em publicação desde 2003. Após a caracterização de cada uma das coleções, a análise centra-se em dois volumes: a tradução das “comedias” O sedutor de Sevilha e o convidado de pedra, O amor médico, e O tímido no palácio, de Tirso de Molina (1967), e a tradução das peças O Crítico, Reiquiavique, e O Cartógrafo, de Juan Mayorga (2018). Argumenta-se que, no contexto das inter-relações literárias e culturais no universo ibérico, estes casos testemunham ambos um efetivo esforço de conhecimento e divulgação em Portugal da produção teatral espanhola; contudo, os diferentes pressupostos que guiam esse esforço ecoam os distintos contextos históricos em que se situam os processos tradutórios e os projetos editoriais em causa.
A descoberta da alteridade peninsular nos viajantes ibéricos do século XIX
Authors: Simón César Rina
Published: November 2021

Neste artigo apresentamos uma análise dos imagotipos nacionais presentes na literatura de viagens na Península Ibérica na segunda metade do Séc. XIX. Os viajantes peninsulares, especialmente após a apertura do caminho-de-ferro em 1866 entre Madrid e Lisboa, lançaram-se ao conhecimento do pais vizinho. Estes viajantes, iberistas na sua maioria, partiram com o objeto de constatar a inexistência de fronteiras geográficas e culturais mas, no entanto, ao longo da viagem constataram diferenças caracterológicas e construíram imaginários que reforçaram a alteridade peninsular. A viagem era um meio para imaginar a nação pelo contacto com o diferente.
POTENSI EKSPOR EKONOMI KREATIF TAHUN 2019
Authors: Resti Islahwani Loka Vita , Monika Anugerah Karta
Published: November 2021

Ekonomi kreatif (Ekraf) merupakan suatu sektor yang potensial menjadi sumber pertumbuhan terbarukan sebagai solusi pemerintah untuk mencegah memburuknya perlambatan pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional beberapa tahun terakhir. Salah satu indikator sektor ekonomi kreatif yang memiliki kinerja baik adalah ekspor Ekraf. Mengingat ekspor merupakan salah satu komponen penyusun PDB maka peningkatan ekspor Ekraf dapat berdampak pada pertumbuhan PDB Ekraf yang kemudian akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dampak ekspor Ekraf terhadap pertumbuhan PDB Ekraf melalui analisis tabel input-output (I-O). Selain itu, dilakukan peramalan ekspor Ekraf untuk mendapat data terbaru dalam melihat dampak ekspor Ekraf dengan pemodelan SARIMA. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa model ARIMA(0,1,1)(2,0,1)12adalah model peramalan terbaik untuk ekspor Ekraf yang menghasilkan nilai ramalan di tahun 2019 sebesar 20,87 miliar USD. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, terdapat kenaikan ekspor sebesar 0,70 miliar USD atau setara 15,54 triliun rupiah dari tahun 2018. Tambahan ekspor sebesar 15,54 triliun rupiah ini akan memberikan tambahan tambahan NTB Ekraf sebesar 7,81 triliun rupiah. Dari tambahan tersebut, dihasilkan pertumbuhan PDB Ekraf akibat ekspor Ekraf pada tahun 2019 sebesar 0,71 persen, melambat 0,38 dari tahun 2018.
ENERGY INTENSITY DETERMINANT IN INDONESIA: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS
Authors: Azaliah Rhisa , Hartono Djoni
Published: November 2021

Studi ini menginvestigasi peran PDRB per kapita, keterbukaan perdagangan, proporsi sektor industri, kepadatan penduduk, dan FDI per kapita terhadap intensitas energi di Indonesia. Analisis data panel digunakan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari variabel-variabel tersebut terhadap intensitas energi pada 33 provinsi di Indonesia sepanjang tahun 2008-2015. Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa intensitas energi pada level provinsi di Indonesia sangat ditentukan oleh aktivitas ekonomi daerah. Peran sektor industri dalam memengaruhi intensitas energi cukup dominan, didukung oleh temuan pada variabel keterbukaan perdagangan dan FDI per kapita. Oleh karena itu, kebijakan dalam bidang industri akan sangat memengaruhi tercapainya target Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral dalam menurunkan 1% intensitas energi per tahun.
SEGITIGA KEMISKINAN-PERTUMBUHAN-KETIMPANGAN (PGI TRIANGLE): PEMBANGUNAN KEUANGAN, PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA, DAN KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN DI ASIA
Authors: Indra Putra Rivanda Fadhila , Lisna Vera
Published: November 2021

One of the issues faced by countries in asia is income inequality. Economic development is expected to improvepeoples living standards to minimize the gap between low-income and high-income populations. One of economicdevelopment is through financial development. The financial sector plays an important role in the economy of acountry, the development of the financial sector will indirectly increase the output of other sectors so as to tie thevalue of the gross domestic product (gdp). In addition to equality and economic growth, economic developmentalso needs to see whether the two are related to human development as described in the poverty-growth-inequality triangle (pgi triangle). The purpose of this study is to see a picture of the inequality of income distribution, financial development and human development in six asian countries. The analysis used descriptive statistics and panel data regression, specifically fixed effect model (fem) and the random effect model (rem). The result showed that there is a significant influence between financial development and human development on income inequality, the higher the financial development will reduce the level of inequality of a country. Meanwhile, the high value of human development actually increases inequality.
Biomass and stem volume equations for tree species in Europe
Authors: Zianis Dimitris , Muukkonen Petteri , Mäkipää Raisa , Mencuccini Maurizio
Published: November 2021

A review of stem volume and biomass equations for tree species growing in Europe is presented. The mathematical forms of the empirical models, the associated statistical parameters and information about the size of the trees and the country of origin were collated from scientific articles and from technical reports. The total number of the compiled equations for biomass estimation was 607 and for stem volume prediction it was 230. The analysis indicated that most of the biomass equations were developed for aboveground tree components. A relatively small number of equations were developed for southern Europe. Most of the biomass equations were based on a few sampled sites with a very limited number of sampled trees. The volume equations were, in general, based on more representative data covering larger geographical regions. The volume equations were available for major tree species in Europe. The collected information provides a basic tool for estimation of carbon stocks and nutrient balance of forest ecosystems across Europe as well as for validation of theoretical models of biomass allocation.
Az oktatási és a kutatási tevékenységek arányának vizsgálata az állami felsőoktatási intézményekben
Authors: Bodor Mónika
Published: November 2021

A tanulmány célja, hogy rámutasson a modern emberierőforrás-menedzsment felsőoktatási intézményekben való alkalmazásának a változások abszolválásában meghatározó szerepére és jelentőségére. Továbbá egy új szemléletű kutatással az oktatók, kutatók szemszögéből valós képet adjon a felsőoktatási intézményekben zajló humánerőforrás-gazdálkodás gyakorlati megvalósításáról, az oktatás-kutatás arányáról, a munkaidő-kihasználtság mértékéről és a tudományos életpálya jellemzőiről. A kutatás bebizonyította, hogy a magyar felsőoktatási szektorban zajló piacorientáció és a működési környezetben bekövetkezett változások az oktatói, kutatói munkavégzés feltételeit, az ellátandó feladatok diverzifikációját, specializációját és differenciálódását eredményezték. Magyarországon az oktatók és a kutatók átlagosan heti 47 órát dolgoznak, nemzetközi viszonylatban a középmezőnyben helyezkednek el. A munkaidő legnagyobb hányadát, 47,4%-át oktatásra fordítják. Ez a legmagasabb a vizsgált országok között, ugyanakkor az egyéb tevékenységek ellátására (például a szolgáltatásnyújtás, a vállalati szférával való kapcsolatépítés és együttműködés) fordított idő a legalacsonyabb. A közalkalmazotti kinevezésük mellett az oktatók 42%-a megbízási szerződéssel rendelkezik a versenyszférában és 38%-a saját vállalkozást vezet. Az oktatók háromnegyed részét elsődlegesen a többletjövedelem szerzése motiválja, ezt követi az elméleti tudás gyakorlati hasznosítása.
STIMULUS-LOCKED LATERALIZED READINESS POTENTIAL AND PERFORMANCE: USEFUL MARKERS FOR DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN AMNESTIC SUBTYPES OF MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Authors: Cid-Fernández S. , Lindín M. , Díaz F.
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND: The findings of previous studies, in which event-related potentials (ERPs) related to stimulus evaluation were measured, do not fully explain the behavioral decline observed in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI; prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s Disease). OBJECTIVES: Motor ERPs were evaluated in this study with the aim of discovering complementary explanations and identifying aMCI biomarkers. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Nineteen healthy control (52-81 years old), 21 single-domain aMCI (sdaMCI; 51-87 years old) and 12 multi-domain aMCI (mdaMCI, 62-85 years old) adults. MEASUREMENTS: Reaction times (RTs), percentage of hits, and stimulus-locked and response-locked lateralized readiness potentials (sLRP and rLRP, indexes of response selection and preparation) were evaluated. RESULTS: mdaMCI participants showed longer RTs than control adults and less hits than control and sdaMCI participants. In addition, the mdaMCI group showed lower sLRP amplitudes than the control participants, and the sdaMCI group showed longer sLRP peak latencies. CONCLUSIONS: Control and sdaMCI groups did not differ in relation to RTs or hits, although sLRP peak latencies (sensitivity and specificity >.73) were longer in the sdaMCI group, which may be a sign of compensatory mechanisms or early indication of a decline in motor control. RTs were longer and sLRP amplitudes were smaller in the mdaMCI than in the Control group, and mdaMCI scored fewer hits than control and sdaMCI participants, indicating behavioral and neurocognitive deficits. The combination of hits and RTs discriminated mdaMCI from control adults (sensitivity and specificity >.82); and the combination of sLRP peak latency and hits discriminated mdaMCI from sdaMCI adults (sensitivity=1.00, specificity=.88).
A Survey on The Impact of Early Speech and Vocal Changes on Young Onset Parkinson’s Disease.
Authors: Liangos Stephanie
Published: November 2021

Patients with Young Onset Parkinson's Disease may have a long medical journey to receive their diagnosis due to their atypical age. Parkinson's Disease is typically diagnosed in a geriatric population and thus assumed to be a late-onset neurodegenerative disorder. Therefore, when younger people approach clinicians with parkinsonian symptoms, they are typically overlooked as they do not meet the age criteria, and thus the diagnosis may be missed or delayed. In late-onset Parkinson's Disease, a classic primary symptom pertains to voice and speech disorders due to the high prevalence of hypokinetic dysarthria. Thus, a review of speech and voice deficits that are seen prior to or within the time frame of diagnosis can highlight the speech and vocal patterns clinicians may see within a younger population. This could provide an effective tool for clinicians to make a quicker diagnosis for patients and administer medication such as Levodopa without having the patient go through rigorous, time-consuming testing. Furthermore, within neuroscience, little attention is paid to the impact of early speech and vocal changes. Therefore, this study would also like to explore the impact of these changes, highlighting the urge for clinicians not to stigmatise younger patients by age to receive a rapid diagnosis and treatment. This study follows the proceedings of a survey methodology via a formulated questionnaireinserted in a Google Form containing 12 statements, which contained closed-ended questions (Yes/No indicators) and open-ended questions where the participants indicated their answer by filling in a short statement regarding their experience. The statements contained questions about the diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease, the speech and vocal changes experienced, the socio-social effects of the speech and vocal changes on their personal lives and if they found that medication helped their vocal and speech symptoms. The questionnaire yielded a total of 43 participants with young-onset Parkinson's Disease. The results indicated that most of the participants suffered from speech and vocal changes, which resembled the clinical profile of severe hypokinetic dysarthria, typically seen in later stages of Parkinson's Disease in late-onset. In addition, the changes in speech and voice were so impactful that they caused significant distress in the psychosocial domain of their lives. Despite the severity of the speech and vocal changes, most participants struggled to receive a diagnosis, while hardly any received appropriate speech therapy treatment to aid their overall quality of life. Thus, this study concludes that the results of this study are essential to break stigmas and open the conversation in neuroscience and neurology on YOPD. Improvement clinical knowledge of this unique subtype of Parkinson's needs to be stressed amongst clinical practitioners that age of onset does not play a role in managing, treating, and diagnosing Parkinson's Disease.
Awareness of Pregnant Women Registered with Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi on the Risk Factors of Obstetric Emergencies
Authors: Dzever Joy , Ojo Olusegun , Charity Abatur Suleiyol
Published: November 2021

Obstetric emergencies are the leading cause of maternal and child mortality worldwide. According to WHO, about 15% of all pregnant women will develop obstetric emergencies that will require special skills to manage. A Nigerian woman has a 1 in 22 lifetime risk of dying during pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum/post-abortion whereas most other developed countries have a risk of 1 in 4900. With figures so high, there is need for prompt response to arrest the problem. A good knowledge/awareness of pregnant women on the predisposing risk factors for occurrence of obstetric emergencies better equips them with appropriate steps to take in preventing the occurrence of such.

In this study, the awareness of pregnant women on the risk factors of obstetric emergencies was assessed. Just about 37% of the women knew the concept of obstetric emergencies but when asked the specific types, a good number were aware of all the types. The most popular type was postpartum hemorrhage with 43.5% knowledge. The risk factors most recognized included poor antenatal care, age, infection, drugs and alcohol. 96% of the population however did not think they were at risk of developing any obstetric emergency.
Influence of the pre-treatment of nanofibers obtained from mushrooms on the mechanical properties of the paper
Authors: Zin Mizan Izzati Mat , Suratem Muhammad Azammuddin , Nawawi Wan Mohd Fazli Wan
Published: November 2021

The influence of the pre-treatment process (freezing, drying) on the tensile properties of chitin paper obtained from nanofibers of three commercial species of fungi: oyster mushrooms (P. ostreatus), enoki (F. velutipes) and shiitake (L. edodes) was investigated. The chitin nanofibers were extracted by a mild alkaline process. The highest tensile strength was observed for paper obtained from fresh mushrooms fibers, which may result from the lack of the chitin fiber modification. Freezing and drying processes have been found to reduce the strength of the paper, possibly due to ice crystal formation and the keratinization effect of the nanofibers, respectively. The paper obtained from enoki fungus nanofibers was characterized by the highest tensile strength, which may be due to the very long fiber. However, in terms of elongation at break, the best results were obtained with oyster mushrooms nanofibers, probably due to the relatively shorter chitin fiber. The long enoki nanofibers can therefore be used as a good reinforcement of the paper.
The effects of cumulative stressful educational events on the mental health of doctoral students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sideropoulos Vasilis , Midouhas Emily , Kokosi Dora , Brinkert Jana , Wong Keri Ka-Yee , Kambouri Maria A.
Published: November 2021

High rates of psychological distress including anxiety and depression are common in the doctoral community. With the COVID-19 pandemic taking a toll on mental health it is necessary to explore the riskand protective factors for this population. Using data from the Covid-19: Global Study of Social Trust and Mental Health, the present study examined the relationship between COVID-19-related cumulativestressful educational experiences and doctoral students’mental health problems. Moreover, it assessed therole of attentional ability and coping skills in promoting good mental health.Mental health problems were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the 7-itemGeneralized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire to measure depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively.We measured coping skills using a 14-item questionnaire and attentional ability using a 7-itemquestionnaire.

The results of multiple linear regression analyses showed that cumulative stressful educational experiencewere related to increased depression symptoms but not anxiety symptoms in fully adjusted models.Additionally, coping skills and attentional ability were related to both depression and anxiety symptoms.Finally, no associations between mental health problems and demographic factors or other covariates werefound.

The experience of multiple educational stressful events due to COVID-19 is a key risk factor for increasedmental illness in the doctoral community. This could be explained by the uncertainty that the COVID-19pandemic has caused to the students.
Discovering Weedy Landscapes as Sensory Commons
Authors: Aula Inkeri
Published: November 2021

Environmental relationships need to be understood as crucial in contemporary social research. This article explores relating with nature in urban contexts and its diverse temporalities. How do people relate to the more-than-human natural environments in the city? How does urban nature appear through sensory memories and perceptions? To answer these questions, this research analyzes sensobiographic walks conducted with young (15-30 years of age) and old (70+ years of age) city dwellers in Turku, southwest Finland. Via transgenerational sensobiographic walks (Järviluoma 2021), less controlled urban green spaces such as parks, riversides, margins, and pathways are discovered as weedy landscapes, where encounters between the human and the non-human take place. These weedy landscapes allow the sharing of sensory experiences and memories of transformation, following that sensing itself can be grasped as a collective endeavor. This article asserts that urban biodiverse sites maintain their interrelations with other forms of life. The multi-sensorial atmospheres they provide - smells, sounds, silences, views, moisture, shadow, feeling - could be cherished as sensory commons. The findings presented in this article contribute to current discussions in several research fields from urban planning to mobile ethnography, landscape architecture, spatial design, and the anthropology of the senses.
Rewriting the Journey of the Mantua-Peschiera Railway: A Moving Experience
Authors: Marcolini Federico
Published: November 2021

The research presented in this article is embedded in the context of the on-going doctoral thesis titled The Mantua-Peschiera Railway: A Case Study for the Historical Analysis and Design Methodology of a Regeneration Project. The research focuses on the decommissioned railway that once connected the city of Mantua to Peschiera del Garda in the north of Italy and questions its possible future. Nowadays, the railway is not perceived as it was, because, without any specific or recognizable appearence, its few remains, such as the passenger stations, are in ruins. The historical data helped to reshape the original project of the line and its deep interdependence with its environment showing peculiar and original characters as a branch line. The author's research aims to create a possible scenario in which the former railway guarantees a continuous connection between the object and its territory within its new function as a Cultural Route.