bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroinflamação na doença de Parkinson
Authors: De Sousa Adiel Alves , Braga Sérgio Azevedo , Sobrinho Hermínio Maurício da Rocha
Published: January 2017

Resumo: A doença de Parkinson (DP) é a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais prevalente no mundo, e provoca um

grande impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Pouco ainda se sabe sobre a sua etiopatogenia. Entretanto, estudos

apontam a neuroinflamação como um fator capaz de desencadear ou agravar a doença. Esta revisão aborda os principais

mecanismos imunológicos envolvidos no processo de neurodegeneração na doença de Parkinson. O conhecimento dos

mecanismos imunológicos envolvidos na neuroinflamação é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de novas terapias para

o tratamento das doenças neurodegenerativas.

Palavras-chave: Doença de Parkinson. Neuroinflamação. Micróglia. Citocinas. Receptores Toll-like.
Influence of fluctuation velocity on the electric conductivity of hydrocarbon flames
Authors: Shajkin A. P. , Galiev I. R. , Bobrovsky A. V.
Published: January 2017

The feasibility of using ionization sensor for the investigation and diagnosis of the fuel combustion process in piston power plants with spark ignition is substantiated. It is shown that in order to expand the functions and increase the reliability of operation and signal processing accuracy of the ionization sensor it is necessary to know the impact of the flame fluctuating velocity on the latter. Based on the analysis of published data and in-house research a mechanism of the effect of fluctuation velocity on the electrical conductivity of hydrocarbon flame is proposed, estimated by the value of ion current. A formula for calculating the ion current is proposed, which includes the fluctuation velocity, the flame temperature and the concentration of carbon particles in the fuel. For methane-air flame, it was revealed that for U' 8 m/s an increase of ion current is observed, which is due to increased flame temperature and concentration of carbonaceous fuel particles in the zone of chemical reactions of the flame. When U' 8 m/s the ion current decreases due to the growth of heat consumption for heating the incoming fuel in the flame front, directly proportional to the fluctuation velocity. The results can be used to predict and monitor characteristics of turbulence in the combustion chambers of power plants with the aid of the ionization sensor.
Using the phenomenon of electrical conduction of flame of non-homogeneous air-fuel mixture in design and development of combustion chamber
Authors: Shajkin A. P. , Ivashin P. V. , Galiev I. R. , Derjachev A. D. , Tverdohljobov A. J.
Published: January 2017

The use of ionization sensors for the study and diagnosis of the combustion process in gas-turbine power plants is substantiated in the paper. The review of literature data and in-house research show that thermionic emission of electrons from incandescent carbon particles plays a decisive role in the mechanism of ionization of flame sprayed in a stream of liquid hydrocarbon fuels. It is shown that as liquid fuel is injected into the circulation area of a bluff body the area of maximum concentration of electrons that determine the conduction current is located in the circulation area. When liquid fuel is injected in the flame holder the zone of maximum electron density is located in the zone between the recirculation mixing zone and the slipstream. It was found experimentally that the distance between the region of maximum electron density and the stabilizer base is determined by the quantity of the fuel sprayed, the initial temperature, the flow turbulence and the gas flow rate. The results can be used to predict and monitor the characteristics of turbulent flame in combustion chambers of power plants with the help of ionization sensors. They also make it possible to create a system of continuous monitoring and control of ignition and combustion processes ensuring minimum concentration of toxic emissions in the exhaust combustion products.
Development of the criteria of analyzing the stress-strain state of gas turbine engine parts in the elastoplastic range
Authors: Bukaty A. S. , Bukaty S. A.
Published: January 2017

A dimensionless complex criterion is proposed to be used for the analysis of the stress-strain state of gas turbine parts with the purpose of diagnosing their most vulnerable areas. The criterion includes the stress-strain stiffness criterion characterizing the stress-strain type and the energy criterion characterizing the stress level of the material in elastoplastic areas. The energy criterion includes the elastic and plastic components of energy. Application of the complex criterion for the diagnostics of the most vulnerable areas of gas turbine parts and for the optimization of the geometric parameters and shape with the aim of minimizing the stress level is discussed. The efficiency of the criterion is illustrated by the example of stress-strain state analysis of gas turbine disks and by the example of varying the parameters in the process of optimization of the compressor disk structure.
An Unusual Case of Recurrent Syncope in an Elderly Male
Authors: Samarth Shukla Nitin Reddy, Vaibhao gabhane , Sourya A. ,
Published: January 2017

Syncope is common in almost all the age groups and affects around 40% of people during their lifetime. There are many etiologies among which carotid hypersensitivity is a rare and important cause. Carotid sinus activity causes cardio inhibitory type of bradycardia or hypotension. We describe a case of 70 year old male who presented to us with recurrent attacks of syncope and was diagnosed as carotid sinus syncope with sick sinus syndrome.
Tilboðið, Alberti og danska stjórnin – ein søga um eina politiska mytu / „The Offer“, Alberti and the Danish Government – Story of a Political Myth
Authors: Sølvará Hans Andrias
Published: January 2017

This article explores certain aspects of the so­called „offer“, which the Faroese  self­rule leader and member of the Danish parliament, Jóannes Patursson, introduced to the Faroese Lagting in 1906. The „offer“, which according to Jóannes Patursson was given to him by the Danish  government,  would  have  given  the Faroese  Lagting   greater  administrative  and financial self­rule in internal Faroese matters. The Faroese people rejected the offer in 1906, and  the Danish legislative minister, Peter A. Alberti, who had signed the letter with the offer to the Lagting, was in 1908 forced to leave the government and was sentenced eight years imprisonment as a result of his involvement in a financial scandal. It has since been said that, according to the Danish government, the offer given to Jóannes Patursson was a private offer from Peter A. Alberti, of which the Danish government had no knowledge. This article argues, that the offer was given to Jóannes Patursson by the Danish government, and that the Danish government never accused Peter A. Alberti of having given Jóannes Patursson a private offer. This story is a myth, created later, totally without any historical foundation. Peter A. Alberti was a likely candidate to blame for an unsuccessful political offer, but in this case, he is certainly not guilty in any violation of governmental authority.
Mansnavnið Lagi í Føroyum / The Male Forename Lagi in the Faroes
Authors: Weyhe Eivind
Published: January 2017

ÚrtakTað upprunaliga danska mansnavnið Lagi breiðir seg í miðøld til Norra (og Svøríkis). Úr Norra tykist tað vera komið til Føroyar, men eftir øllum at døma bara til Fugloyar, í seinasta lagi í endanum á 16. øld. Í 17. øld kemur navnið aftur til Føroyar, men nú í tí danska sniðinum Lauge, seinri skrivað Lave. Tað verður í 18. øld brúkt í Tórshavn og Suðuroy sum seinri liður í tvínevninum Peder Lave. Í 19. øld gerst Lave fast eftirnavn. Í Tórshavn verður tað eisini til húsanavnið Á Lava, og fólk í (ella úr) tí húsinum verða nevnd við viðurnevninum „á Lava“. Í 20. øld fáa summi teirra sær „á Lava“ sum eftirnavn. Greinarhøvundurin viðger málsøgulig, ljóðfrøðilig, bendingarlig og dialektal viðurskiftir í sambandi við navnið.  AbstractThe  male  forename Lagi, originally  Danish, spreads to Norway (and Sweden) during the Middle Ages. From Norway it seems to have reached the Faroes towards the end of the sixteenth century at the latest, but is only documented on Fugloy. In the seventeenth century the name arrives in the Faroes once more,  but  now  in  the  Danish  form  Lauge, later written Lave. It is used in Tórshavn and Suðuroy in the eighteenth century as the second element of the compound forename Peder Lave. In the nineteenth century Lave becomes an established surname. In Tórshavn it is also incorporated into the name of a dwelling in the prepositional form Á Lava ‘at Lava’, and people living there (or originating from the house) are given the by­name „á Lava“. In the twentieth century some of them take „á Lava“ as a surname. The author treats language­historical, phonetic, morphological and dialectal aspects of the name.
Vez med nosečnico in njenim nerojenim otrokom
Authors: Pavše Lucija , Tul Mandić Nataša , Globevnik Velikonja Vislava
Published: January 2017

Vez med materjo in otrokom se začne vzpostavljati že pred rojstvom, se z napredovanjem nosečnosti krepi in je povezana s kvaliteto odnosa med materjo in otrokom po porodu. Kljub temu, da številni avtorji za opisovanje vedenj, čustev in zaznav, ki jih bodoča mati izraža do nerojenega otroka, uporabljajo izraz navezanost med materjo in plodom ali prenatalna navezanost, uporaba tega pojma ni ustrezna. Če upoštevamo Bowlbyevo in Ainsworthovo teorijo navezanosti, potem lahko odnos med materjo in nerojenim otrokom opišemo z vedenjskim sistemom skrbi. Namen prispevka je predstaviti dileme glede ustrezne terminologije, različne definicije, ocenjevalne lestvice ter dejavnike, ki so povezani z razvojem vezi med nosečnico in plodom. Ker je kvaliteta tega odnosa napovedni dejavnik številnih izidov za mati in otroka po porodu, morajo biti cilji prihodnjih raziskav usmerjeni v natančnejšo konceptualizacijo in definicijo pojma, v razvoj ustreznih merskih instrumentov ter v raziskovanje napovednih dejavnikov in dejavnikov tveganja.
KONTEKSTUALISASI NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN SPIRITUAL TERHADAP PENGUATAN BUDAYA ASSIDDIANG MASYARAKAT BUGIS KAMPUNG GURU PINRANG
Authors: Mardia Mardia
Published: January 2017

CONTEXTUALIZATION OF SPIRITUAL EDUCATION VALUES IN STRENGTHENING “ASSIDDIANG” CULTURE COMMUNITY OF BUGIS “KAMPUNG GURU PINRANG”. This study aimed to describe the characteristics and contextualization of education spiritual values on strengthening Assiddiang culture as Local Wisdom in the perspective of Islamic practice Bugis community at Kampung Guru Pinrang. This study was categorized as field research with descriptive qualitative-naturalistic approach and case studies. The data were analysed using interactive model analysis proposed by Miles and Huberman: data reduction, data display, conclusions and verification. The results showed that the spiritual education values practiced by Bugis community have strengthened their Assiddiang culture (unity). Assiddiang culture is identified as local wisdom in the Islamic practice Bugis community Kampung Guru. This culture has been internalized so this values system internalization needs to be maintained and has contributed to the planting of the value and character of social change, especially in Bugis community and Indonesian people in general.
MEMBANGUN KESADARAN BERPERILAKU SISWA MADRASAH DENGAN PENGUATAN NILAI-NILAI SPIRITUAL
Authors: Sulthon Sulthon
Published: January 2017

BUILDING BEHAVIOR AWARENESS OF MADRASA STUDENTS BY STRENGTHENING THE SPIRITUAL VALUES. The age of the students at the madrasa level is in the education age phase where students still have the nature of dependency on the authority of adults in the process of its development. Students as human are essentially have a good nature and always want to do good. However, sometimes they face a variety of challenges and barriers that affect them in behave. Strengthening spiritual values become important in the effort to protect the students’ character towards the formation of positive character. The purpose of this study besides to knowing how to build awareness of the Madrasa Ibtidaiyah students behaved through the inaugural spiritual, as well as to find out the steps in building awareness of the students to behave. Methods in this study focused more on the study of library research where researchers browse some literatures that discuss the consciousness in behave and spiritualism in building awareness of student behavior through spiritualism reinforcement of students in Madrasa Ibtidaiyah. The results of the study leads to a discussion of how student behavior much influenced by the state of one's soul and spirituality.
SPIRITUALITAS DAN KESUKSESAN BELAJAR: Studi Meta Analisis
Authors: Ghufron M Nur
Published: January 2017

SPIRITUALITY AND LEARNING SUCCESS: META ANALYSIS STUDY. This Study used meta-analysis of the relationship between spirituality and learning success. Meta-analysis aimed at concluding, integrating, and interpreting data gathered from previous research. Therefore, this sreseach was apart from acting as primary research. The data was  analyzed through this method must have the same constructs and correlation patterns so that it could be compared with one another. The quantitative review included 14 studies from 15 articles that contained a combined sample of approximately 3119. This analysis extended previous work by directly correcting error of sampling and measurements. Summary analysis provided support that had a correlation on learning success spirituality. The result showed  that spirituality has been identified as predictors and learning success.
SPIRITUAL TEACHING DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER SISWA DI SMK ISLAM TSAMRATUL HUDA TAHUNAN JEPARA
Authors: Mufid Fathul
Published: January 2017

SPIRITUAL TEACHING TO FORM STUDENTS’ CHARACTER IN ISLAMIC VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL TSAMRATUL HUDA JEPARA. Spiritual teaching becomes important for education to be seen again as an integral part of Islamic teachings, because in spiritual education, IQ (żaka' aqli), EQ (Zaka’ Zihni), and SQ (Zaka’ Qalbi) are the components which are developed harmoniously. This study was conducted in Tsamratul Huda Islamic vocational high school Tahunan Jepara, which is established under al-Faqih Islamic education foundations. This study aims to describe the implementation of spiritual teaching which has been implemented at the school since 2013 to building students caracter. This study is a qualitative study using triangulation methods in data collection, and using descriptive-analytic method in data analysis. The findings of this study is that there is a change in attitudes, behavior and mindset of the students positively than before the implementation of spiritual teaching. Previously, many students did immoral offense, booze, physical fights, smoking, disrespectful to teachers, absenteeism, and make a chaos in the classroom, so many students drop out of school. After the spiritual teaching models applied in the school, it turns out all forms of the offense had not found anymore.
METODE PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN PENGUKUR KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL MAHASISWA
Authors: Firdaos Rijal
Published: January 2017

SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE MEASUREMENTS INSTRUMENT DEVELOPING METHODS. The main objective of this study is to provide information related how to develop an instrument spiritual to measure the intelligence of students. The specific objectives are: 1) understanding the instrumental development concept, 2) knowing the instrumental development procedure, 3) and determining the testing method. This study used library research by examining the literature as a supporting source. The results of study show that first, the instrument plays a very important role to determine the quality of a study, as well as become the tools used by researcher to collect the data by conducting measurements. Second, the instrumental development procedure passes several stages; those are developing the conceptual definition, giving scale, reviewing the justification points, preparing instrumental draft, collecting the trial data, and analyzing the trial data. Third, the testing method used to develop the instrument is factor analysis by using SPSS and Lisrel.
SPIRITUAL TEACHING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA DI MADRASAH
Authors: Mahmudah Laely
Published: January 2017

SPRITUAL TEACHING IN SCIENCE LEARNING IN MADRASAH. The purpose of national education must be realized in a series of learning process. One of the ways to realize it is by applying the spiritual teaching. Spiritual teaching is teaching and guiding the learners by instilling values and religious spirit which is integrated in knowledge and skill concept in accordance with the learning purposes.  The essence of science learning includes four main elements. They are attitude, process, product, and application. Spiritual teaching in science learning in madrasah can be implemented in some ways, some of them are: 1) reflective learning, 2) contextual learning (CTL), 3) spiritual educational game (SEG), and 4) outdoor learning. The teacher is able to choose the learning method that will be applied. It is associated with the material that will be delivered. When the teacher applies the spiritual teaching in science learning in madrasah, it is hoped that the students will be smart comprehensively, intellectually, spiritually, and emotionally/socially.
Path Analysis: Knowledge, Motivation Factor, and Their Relationship with Readiness to Provide Exclusive Breastfeeding among Pregnant Women
Authors: Mulyani Sri , Subiyanto AA , Anantanyu Sapja , Respati Supriyadi Heri , Wiboworini Budiyanti
Published: January 2017

Women who prepare early will be better prepared both physically and psychologically to breastfeed exclusively. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the motivation variable as a mediator of the relation between knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding with readiness to exclusive breastfeeding. The study was observational, A total of 150 respondents, These three variables, namely knowledge, motivation, and readiness in exclusive breastfeeding, measured by the enclosed questionnaire. Correlation between variables was analyzed with path analysis. The relation between variables in all three models was significant (p <0.001), whereas the relation between knowledge and preparedness in exclusive breastfeeding is not significant (1b '= 0.142; p = 0.092). The relation between knowledge and preparedness in exclusive breastfeeding changed from the first model, into the fourth model. Besides there is a decline in the path coefficient of 0,302 became 0,142, the relation also becomes insignificant. This shows that the fourth mediation relationship condition is fulfilled. Pregnant women motivation exclusively breastfed mediates the relationship between knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding with maternal readiness in exclusive breastfeeding.
REKONSTRUKSI SISTEM FISKAL NASIONAL DALAM BINGKAI KONSTITUSI
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Brawijaya, Prasetyia Ferry
Published: January 2017

There are two main objectives in this research such as identifying the fiscal developmentstage in Indonesia, and reconstruction of national fiscal system in the framework of 1945constitution. The initial foundation that must be built to strengthen the national fiscalsystem is a principle that comes from our basic nationâ€™s cultural such as the principle oftogetherness and kinship. These principles should be supported by the function and basicprinciples of management of state finances such as allocation, distribution, and stabiliza-tion. While the basic principles of state financial management includes transparency, account-ability, efficiency and effectiveness. With the various components are expected to achievea state of self-reliance and fiscal sustainability, which in turn will lead to the ultimate goalof a country that is the welfare of society.
ANALISIS PELUANG PENERBITAN OBLIGASI DAERAH SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEMBIAYAAN DAERAH
Authors:   Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah, Pemerintah Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah, Okta Dewi , Kaluge David ,   Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis, Universitas Brawijaya Malang
Published: January 2017

Municipal Â bonds may Â be used Â as Â a Â source of Â regional Â funding.This Â study aims Â toanalyze the feasibility of issuing municipal bonds as an alternative source of financ-ing local infrastructure and analyze the strategies to be implemented by the govern-ment in the issuance of local bonds. Analysis tools used in this study were descriptivestatistics and SWOT analysis. The analysis showed that municipal bonds are an alter-native worth considering as a source of financing funding than other areas.
ANALISIS VOLATILITAS NILAI TUKAR MATA UANG RUPIAH TERHADAP DOLAR
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Malang, Mukhlis Imam
Published: January 2017

This research aims to analyze the volatility of exchange rate (Rp/US$) on the Indone-sian economy. The Method of analyze uses Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticiy(ARCH)/Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticiy (GARCH) that wasdeveloped by Arize, (1995) and Zainal (2004). The result show that volatility ofexchange rate (Rp/US$) has extreme point at 1997/1998. At that time, economic crisiswas happen on the Indonesian economy, where the value of exchange rate volatilityRp/US$ have reached at point 0,250.
ANALISIS FINANCIAL DEEPENING DI INDONESIA
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Medan, Ruslan Dede
Published: January 2017

This paper aims to analize the financial deepening on Indonesia economy. The focusof analysize is to identifiying effect of interest rate, exchange rate and Gross DomesticProduct (GDP) to financial deepening on Indonesian economy for 1980-2007. Methodeof analysize is linier regression model. The result of analysize are Gross DomesticProduct (GDP) and interest rate have significant effect to financial deepening onIndonesian economy.
SURVEY PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT (PFM) DI KABUPATEN FLORES TIMUR PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors:   Universitas Widya Mandira, Kupang, Ola Langoday Thomas
Published: January 2017

This study aims to see how far the implementation of the performance of PublicFinancial Management (PFM) in accordance with applicable standards and regula-tions. The survey shows that in general the performance of public financial manage-ment in East Flores Regency categorized as very good; from the nine areas that wereanalyzed, seven areas were very good in the category of regulatory framework; Plan-ning and Budgeting: Cash Management: Procurement of Goods and Services; Debtand Public Investment: Asset Management, and the last External Audit and Over-sight. One area is in both categories of Internal Control and the fields are at very lowcategory of Accounting and Reporting. The result of this study recommends that theforce placed on each SKPD or Bachelors degree in Accounting and Finance for fi-nancial management in a professional area. In the extreme, this study recommendsthat the chief of Budget, Accounting, Accounting and Reporting, and Verification atthe Department of Finance and Asset Areas on each District/City should be headed bya person with qualifications or Bachelors degree in Accounting and Finance.
AKTUALISASI NILAI-NILAI KONSTITUSI DALAM KEBIJAKAN PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA DI TINGKAT REGIONAL DAN MULTILATERAL
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis, Universitas Brawijaya, Satria Dias , Wulandari Farah ,   Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: January 2017

The purposes of this study were to analyze the implementation of the Indonesian con-stitutional Â values Â in Â Indonesia Â and Â in Â the Â regional Â level of Â trade policies Â (AFTA-ASEAN Free Trade Area). The method used is a qualitative approach. The findings ofthis research stated that there are some trade policy that misses thebasic values Â of the1945 Constitution and Pancasila, resulting inmismanagement in development policyand therefore contributesto lowering the level of public welfare in general. The policy,among others, is the policy of trade protection is not based on the principle of wealthcreation and equitable distribution, but is based on the behavior of crony-capitalism;government policiesrelated to foreign ownership in an investment is still not heedingthevalues Â and principles of broad benefit of welfare, justice andequity; and governmentprotection policies in the agriculturalsector is still not optimal to create a high com-petitiveness.
PENGUATAN FUNGSI LEGISLATIF DAN EVALUASI KINERJA BIDANG PENGANGGARAN (Studi di DPRD Kota Batu)
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis, Universitas Brawijaya, Manzilati Asfi , Maftuch Maftuch ,   Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Brawijaya, Fadli M Fadli ,   Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: January 2017

Changes in performance-based budgeting system (performance budgeting) that pro-motes community participation, provide an important role in Parliament as represen-tatives of the people drafting process, in accordance with Law no. 17 of 2003 on StateFinance. Implementation of the peopleâ€™s rights in the budget can be realized in com-munity involvement in participatory planningand budgeting process. This study aimsto (1) to know Â legislators understanding in Batu City and its implementation to thefunction Â of budgeting, Â (2) Â to Â evaluate Â the Â performance Â of budgeting Â in Batu City.Using a qualitative approach, results of this study are: (1) Legislatorsâ€™ understandingin Batu City tend to function as a means of budgeting â€œbargainâ€ with local govern-ment, and Â lack of Â touch on Â the Â substance Â to Â the public welfare, Â (2)Parliament hasused â€œAlat Kelengkapan Dewanâ€ Â associated with Â the Â budgeting Â of Â the Â â€œBadanAnggaranâ€, frequently board membersâ€™s budget is more Â than Â the amount of budgetapproved by the municipal government of Batu City. But this condition still happenedbecause the government afraid of the revenue and expenditure budget (APBD) notapproved by parliament.
KEBIJAKAN UPAH MINIMUM UNTUK PEREKONOMIAN YANG BERKEADILAN: TINJAUAN UUD 1945
Authors:   Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis, Universitas Brawijaya, Shasta Pratomo Devanto , Mahardika Adi Saputra Putu ,   Fakultas Ekonomi & Bisnis, Universitas Brawijaya
Published: January 2017

The aim of this research is to determine the progress of minimum wage policy inIndonesia, and their linkage to the 1945 Constitution article 27 act 2. The implemen-tation of minimum wage policy in accordance with that constitution, at least shouldbe a few things to do. This includes needs such as decent living as a component ofminimum wage determination. Furthermore, it needs to fill the necessity of transpar-ent effort and intense socialization of benefit provision in the minimum wage. Inaddition it must be clear about the protected status of workers in minimum wagepolicy. The last is the enforcement and strict penalties for companies that do not applythe appropriate minimum wage policy.
MANFAAT PEMBERIAN GELOMBANG ULTRASONIK INTENSITAS RENDAH UNTUK MEMPERCEPAT PEMBENTUKAN KALUS FRAKTUR TIBIA
Authors: Hantoko Sidho , Dradjat Respati Suryanto
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Fracture healing relative require more times.Â  Many effort have been done to shorten the time, including stimulation with low intensity ultrasonic.Â Â Â  InvitroÂ  studiesÂ  andÂ  animalÂ  experimentationÂ  haveÂ  beenÂ  provedÂ  inÂ  variousÂ  results.Â  PhysicalÂ  therapyÂ  equipmentsÂ  inÂ  the hospitals using ultrasonic wave posible to stimulate process of fracture healing. Clinical experimental study was done in our series, the samples was divided randomly into 2 groups.Â  One group was stimulated with low intensity ultrasonic from Sonopuls-591 with 1 MHz frequency, 0,2 W/cm2 intensity, for 15 minutes.Â  The other group withuot stimulation as the control group.Â  The variable were pain, sticky, and callus formation were evaluated perodically. The Results were the degrees of pain in control group higher than control. The bony union (sticky) was no difference within both group.Â  The callus formation was higher in the treatment group (p = 0,069). Our Conclusion is 15 minutes Low intensity ultrasonic stimulation, that was given 10 times within 3 days time interval was significanlyÂ  increase callus formation (p = 0,069). Key words: Fracture healing, ultrasonic, callus formation.
PRODUKSI IgA & IgG MUKOSAL DAN SISTEMIK SETELAH IMUNISASI PER ORAL DENGAN PROTEIN AdhO36 SALMONELLA TYPHI PADA MENCIT BALB/C
Authors: Santoso Sanarto
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT An experiment has been conducted to determine the production of mucosal and systemic IgA and IgG after oral immunization with AdhO36 protein Salmonella typhi using CTB as adjuvant. The results of ELISA Test, shows that AdhO36 protein Salmonella typhi were highly significantly (p = 0.001) able to induce the production of S-IgA (secretory IgA), as compared to control and CTB treatment. The analysis of variance results show that the effect of AdhO36 protein to the IgA content in serum is high significantly different to IgA content in mucus (p=0.001). This finding is relevant to the previous experiments that the oral administration of AdhO36 protein can inhibit the in vivo adhessive process of Salmonella typhi at enterocytes of Balb/c mice. Therefore, it can be concluded that AdhO36 proteinÂ  SalmonellaÂ  typhiÂ  isÂ  aÂ  potentialÂ  mucosalÂ  immunogenÂ  whichÂ  canÂ  induceÂ  mucosalÂ  immuneÂ  responseÂ  asÂ  theÂ  resultsÂ  ofÂ  the formation of protective S-IgA, which in turn, can inhibit the adhesive process as the initial stage of infection process at enterocytes of Balb/c mice.Â  Apart from S-IgA,
ENZIM LIPOPROTEIN LIPASE SUATU ALTERNATIF PEMERIKSAAN GANGGUAN METABOLISME LEMAK PADA PENDERITA DM TIPE 2 IN VITRO
Authors: Handayani Dian , Am Aulaniâ€™ , Soeadmadji Djoko W. , Widodo M. Aris
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT The biggest population of Diabetes Mellitus is type 2 diabetes. Dyslipidemia is frequently found in type 2 diabetic patients, which is characterized by increased TG plasma levels and decreased HDL. Increased TG levels may be due to LPL activity disturbance, which thenÂ  lead to impaired lipoprotein metabolism, such as decreased hydrolyzing TGs in VLDL and Chylomicron. LPL is an enzyme which activities are influenced by several factors such as temperature, pH, incubation period, and substrate concentration. LPL attached to vascular endothelium, and can be removed from it by giving heparin intravenous. Heparin acts as lipotropic agent which promote plasma lipid transfer to lipid deposit by secreting lipolitic enzyme such as LPL. After giving informationÂ  about the objective of this study on the possible site effect of the blood obtaining technique, the patient was askedÂ  to give her voluntary consent. Heparin IV 60 IU/Kg BB was given 15 minute before blood sample was drawn. Obtain from aid type 2 diabetes individual and aid from non diabetic control subject. To determine optimal LPL action pH variations (6, 6.4, 6.8 and 7), temperatureÂ  (30, 32, 35 and 37)oC,
PERBEDAAN BENTUK LUKISAN SIDIK JARI, RIDGE COUNT, PALMAR PATTERN DAN SUDUT A-T-D ANTARA ORANG TUA ANAK SUMBING DENGAN ORANG TUA ANAK NORMAL DI TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Iriane Vincentia Maria , Sanjoto Pudjo , Loekito Retno M.
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT The skin and lip-palate are formed nearly at the same period. They might be influenced by the similar genetic factor and environment.TheÂ  objectiveÂ  ofÂ  thisÂ  researchÂ  isÂ  toÂ  findÂ  theÂ  differenceÂ  ofÂ  dermatoglyphiÂ  betweenÂ  cleft-lipÂ  childrenâ€™sÂ  parentsÂ  andÂ  normalÂ  childernâ€™sparents.Â  TheÂ  researchÂ  isÂ  anÂ  analyticalÂ  observation.Â  ItÂ  takesÂ  50Â  samplesÂ  ofÂ  cleft-lipÂ  childrenâ€™sÂ  parentsÂ  andÂ  50Â  samplesÂ  ofÂ  normalchildrenâ€™sÂ  parents.Â  EachÂ  sampleÂ  isÂ  classifiedÂ  intoÂ  twoÂ  groups,Â  thatÂ  is,Â  (25)Â  fathersÂ  andÂ  (25)Â  mothers.Â  FingerÂ  pattern,Â  ridgeÂ  count,palmarÂ  paternÂ  andÂ  a-t-dÂ  angleÂ  areÂ  dermatoglyphiÂ  variablesÂ  toÂ  beÂ  measured.Â  HeÂ  resultÂ  showsÂ  that:Â  (1)Â  TheÂ  relationshipÂ  betweenfatherâ€™s dermatoglifi and cleft-lip children is stronger than that between motherâ€™s dermatoglifi and cleft-lif childern. (2) The percentageof whorl (W) pattern is higher in cleft-lip childrenâ€™s parents; ehile the percentage of ulnar loop (UL)pattern is higher in normal childrenâ€™sparents.Â  (3)Â  TheÂ  ridgeÂ  countÂ  ofÂ  cleft-lipÂ  childrenâ€™sÂ  fathersÂ  isÂ  normallyÂ  higherÂ  thanÂ  thatÂ  ofÂ  normalÂ  childrenâ€™sÂ  fathers.Â  (4)Â  ThereÂ  isÂ  nodifferenceÂ  foundÂ  inÂ  palmarÂ  patternÂ  betweenÂ  cleft-lipÂ  childrenâ€™parentsÂ  andÂ  normalÂ  childrenâ€™sÂ  parents.Â  (5)Â  A-t-dÂ  angleÂ  ofÂ  theÂ  cleftÂ  lipschildrenâ€™s fathers is bigger than that of normal childrenâ€™s fathers. (6) Cleft lips in South East Timor, East Nusa Tenggara is ancertrallyinherited. Key words: Dermatoglyphies, cleft lip patients parent
PENGARUH GAYA BERENANG (GAYA BEBAS DAN GAYA DADA) TERHADAP PERUBAHAN VOLUME OKSIGEN MAKSIMUM
Authors: Dennison Dennison , Sriwahyuni Endang , Wardhani Viera
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT SwimmingÂ  isÂ  frequentlyÂ  usedÂ  toÂ  improveÂ  theÂ  individualÂ  physicalÂ  endurance.Â  MostÂ  ofÂ  theÂ  studiesÂ  haveÂ  provedÂ  thatÂ  swimmingÂ  can improve the maximum oxygen volume effectively, but none of them compare the differences in the swimming styles. The study was aimed to analyse the differences of swimming styles in improving maximum oxygen volume, so it can be used as basis for physical training scheme. A pretest-posttest experimental design was conducted in two sample groupÂ  (front crawl stroke group and breast strokeÂ  group)Â  consistsÂ  ofÂ  sixÂ  peopleÂ  inÂ  eachÂ  group.Â  TheÂ  samplesÂ  wereÂ  selectedÂ  basedÂ  onÂ  questionaireÂ  toÂ  controlÂ  theÂ  confounding variables, ie: sex, age, height, weight, training habit and health status (anemia, heart disease and respiratory distress). The training method were carried out in 12 session in 4 weeks (3 session per week) by increasing the swimming distance gradually. Each session arrangement was consists of warming up - training in short sets with rests - relaxation. The maximum oxygen volume was measured using Cooper method and the result was analyzed using independent sample t-test with SPSS 11. The result shows that there is a significant difference in maximum oxygen volume improvementÂ  (t= -4.718, CI 95% = lower: -5.014; upper: -1.722, p= 0.002) in which the result in breast stroke group hasÂ  a higher improvement (mean: 6.313, sd: 1.378)
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MELATARBELAKANGI INTENSITAS TERAPI PERILAKU AUTISME METODE ABA (APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS) PADA ANAK AUTIS DI RUMAH
Authors: Aisyah Aisyah , Asmika Asmika , Setijowati Nanik
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT The Autism children in Indonesia had increased drastically every year. From HOPAâ€™s (Himpunan Orang tua Peduli Autisme) data, inMalang and surrounding area, there were 12 autism children in 2001, 98 children ini 2002 and increased to 120 children in June 2003.Major behavioral therapy centers in Indonesian are using ABA method for autismâ€™s therapy. The3 intensity of ABA methode needs toapply at leas 40 hours a week to get on optimal result. However, inÂ  â€œ A- PLUS â€ Dharma Wanita Autistic Behavioral Therapy Center,the intensity of ABA methode didnâ€™t achieve the target. Thus the lack of time should be substitute by applying at home. The objectiveof the study is to observe the factors that influence the intensity of autistic behavioral therapy with ABA methode to the autismchildrena their home. This research is descriptive observational with cross sectional study using questionaire as instrument. The Study hasbeenÂ  doneÂ  17Â  parentsÂ  withÂ  autismÂ  childrenÂ  whomÂ  receivedÂ  behavioralÂ  therapyÂ  inÂ  â€œA-PLUSÂ  â€œDharmaÂ  WanitaÂ  AutisticÂ  BehavioralTherapy Center Kota Malang. It was held from June until August 2003 using quota sapling technique. The result of the intensity ofABA methode on autistic children at home is sufficient (47%).The respondentâ€™s knowledge about autism and the treatment are good(59%). The fatherâ€™s occupations are merchant (70%) while the motherâ€™s are housewives (58%). The incomes of the parets are morethan 2 million rupiah monthly (59%).
PAKAIAN SEBAGAI PELINDUNG SURYA
Authors: SHW Tantari
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT Although sunlight is of much benefit for live, it has an adverse effects on human skin. The effects of sunlight can be controlled by using protective cream or reducing the exposure to sunlight. Appropiate design clothes and correct protective factorsare part of efforts can prevent all spectrum of UV rays. The clothesâ€™s protective nature depend on itâ€™s fibreâ€™s struvture, colour, waterproof properties, as well as itâ€™s refine processes. Personal protection towards Ultraviolet radiation can be further supported by wearing a big cap, using an umbrella,Â  being under a shade, using appropriate protective clothes and avoiding the sunlight between 10.00 am until 04.00 pm. The above steps should be initiated at an children. In every country including Indonesia, there should be standarritation and regulation concering protective steps towards sunlight.
SINDROMA TURNER (SINDROMA BONNEVIE-URLICH)
Authors: Wiyasa Arsana , Pudjiastuti Retno
Published: January 2017

It was reported a case of Turner syndrome of fifteen years old girl who complain have not started menses. Physical examinationÂ included short stature, shield chest with wide spaced nipples and secondary sex was absent. External genitalia was normally, internalÂ genitalia was found hipoplasia of uterine. Laboratory examination showed low estrogen, high FSH and LHand normothyroid.Â Karyotype was 45, X, USG examination showed there was no development of uterine. X-ray of extremity showed that epiphiseal lineÂ has not closed, bone age used of method of Todd (manus), linear growth (femur, tibia, fibula), quantity of growth (femur, tibia)Â accordingly 11-12 years. Expectant to increase her Â height was low because growth hormon preparation was difficult to find and theÂ price was not attainable by the pasien. Just low dose ethinil estradiol have been given for pasien until bone age more than 12 yearsÂ when epiphiseal line have been closed and will continue with full dose ethinil estradiol until post menopause.Â Key words:Turner syndrome, growth hormon, ethinil estradiol,epiphiseal line
EFFECT OF COMBINED THERAPY USING CHLOROQUINE AND VITAMIN C TO THE PERITONEAL MACROPHAGE FUNCTION IN BALB/C STRAIN MICE INFECTED BY Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Fitri Loeki Enggar , Suhendro Wongso , Murwani Sri , Muliartha I Ketut Gede , Ali Mulyohadi
Published: January 2017

In acute infection, malaria will induce cellular immunity by activating T lymphocytes and macrophages cells. This induction indirectlyÂ triggers free radicals production in order to eliminate the parasites from red blood cells, however high concentration of thismoleculesÂ can cause vital tissue pathological changes on host. In late phase of malarial infection, there are immunosupression onÂ macrophages activity including antigen presenting and secretion of immunoregulated mediator. It has been anticipated, vitamin C asÂ antioxidant would diminish the side effect of thesefree radicals during malarial infection and increase the immunity. To see the effectÂ of combination chloroquin and vitamin C in hastening the recuperative process by decreasing parasitemia and increasing theÂ phagocytosis function of macrofages during Plasmodium berghei infection. This study has been carried out using 3 groups of BALB/cÂ mice, all group were inoculated with 1x107Plasmodium berghei infected red-blood cells. No drug was given on control group (IK). InÂ experimental group we introduced an oral therapy ofchloroquin for 5 days in 1.4 mg/cc dosage and vitamin C for 7 days in 0.2 mg/ccÂ dosages concurrently with a Plasmodium berghei inoculation (IKC). One group was only given chloroquin at the same dosage and noÂ drug was given at the control group (IK).
PENGARUH EKSTRAK BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) TERHADAP AORTA TERPISAH MARMUT (Cavia porcellus) TANPA ENDOTEL
Authors: Hidayat Taufiq , Wahyuni Endang Sri , Karyono Setyawati S
Published: January 2017

Buah mengkudu sering digunakan masyarakat sebagai obat antihipertensi, namun belum diketahui dimana tempat kerjanya.Â Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan efek buah mengkudu terhadap otot polos pembuluh darah. Digunakanmodel percobaan aortaÂ terpisah marmut yang endotelnya telah dihilangkan. Â Variabel yang diukur adalah besar perubahan kontraksi otot polos aorta tanpaÂ endotel yang distimulasi fenilefrin [10-5M] terlebih dulu kemudian ditambahkan ekstrak buahmengkudu dosis 0,2%, 0,6%, dan 1,0%.Â Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak buah mengkudu dosis 0,2% menyebabkan peningkatan kontraksi,sedangkan dosisÂ 0,6% dan 1,0% menyebabkan relaksasi. Efek relaksasiini terbukti bermakna (p < 0,05) dan terdapat hubungan yang kuat danÂ bermakana antara dosis dan efek relaksasi (R = 0,894; p < 0,05). Dari hasil penelitian di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak buahÂ mengkudu dapat menyebabkan relaksasi otot polos aorta terpisah marmut tanpa endotel pada dosis > 0,2%,sedang pada dosis 0,2%Â terjadi peningkatan kontraksi. Disarankan untuk melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui dosis efektif mengkudu sebagaiÂ terapi antihipertensi.Â Kata kunci:mengkudu, relaksasi, aorta, endotel
ANALISIS URUTAN NUKLEOTIDA DAN EKSPRESI DARI MUSCLE A-KINASE ANCHORING PROTEIN (mAKAP) MENUNJUKKAN KEMUNGKINAN FUNGSI mAKAP PADA DIFERENSIASI KARDIMIOSIT: PERBANDINGAN EKSPRESI mAKAP PADA JANTUNG MDX DAN KONTROL
Authors: Rohman Mohammad Saifur
Published: January 2017

Muscle A-Kinase Anchoring Protein (mAKAP) is an A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) which targets cAMP-dependent protein kinase(PKA) to the nuclear envelope. mAKAP not only binds to PKA, but also to the ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and the rolipram-inhibitedcAMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE4D3). Amino acid sequence analysis revealed that mAKAP possesses LXCXE andFYDYSYL, the consensus-binding domain of pRB and CBP/p300, respectively. pRB and CBP/p300 are known as a key componentsin cardiomyocyte differentiation processes. Northern blot analysis revealed that mAKAP was expressed in a 13 day old rat heart andits expression increased by 15 days of age when cardiomyocytes reveal a terminal differentiation phenotype. In culturedcardiomyocytes mAKAP was expressed in differentiated but not undifferentiated. Accordingly, mAKAP may play a role in the terminaldifferentiation process through pRB-CBP/p300 functions. Furthermore, we observed mAKAP expression in old mdx heart, a mousemodel of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, compared to control mice. In the control heart, mAKAP transcripts were detected at 6-, 20-,64- and 76-weeks of age. However, mAKAP expression significantly appeared only in 64- and 76-week old mdx hearts. DelayedmAKAP expression in mdx may contribute to impaired function of pRB, CBP/p300, cAMP and Ca2+ complex.Key words: mAKAP, domain architecture, terminal differentiation, pRB, CBP/p300, mdx.
GAMBARAN BAKTERIOLOGIS TANGAN PERAWAT
Authors: Zuhriyah Lilik
Published: January 2017

Hand hygiene of health-care workers become an important thing since hands of health-care personnel arethe most frequent vehiclesÂ for nosocomial ifections. However, adherence of hand washing has been poor. This study was to obtain bacteriological descriptions ofÂ nursesâ€™s hand. The study was conducted in Surgical Â and Medical Intensive Care Services using A Cross Sectional Survey.Â Populationwere all of nurses in ICU and CVC room. Purposive Sampling was carried to obtain samples of Â 20 nurses. MeasurementÂ was carried on January 2004. Bacteriological descriptions of nursesâ€™s hand was measured by swabbing ofright side after handÂ washing. Examination by hand swab with positive result were found in 20% of nurses. Species of bacteria which were found fromÂ nursesâ€™s hand were Staphilococcus epidermidis and Enterobacter aerogenes. It can be concluded that species of bacteria found fromÂ had swabbing are non pathogenic bacteria. Efforts to improve of all health workers for hand hygiene appropriate with procedures areÂ still needed. Focusing on had washing practice among nurses and others health workers are needed for the following research.Â Keywords: bacteriological, nursesâ€™s hand
PENGARUH DEFISIENSI FOLAT TERHADAP FERTILITAS INDUK DAN KUALITAS JANIN TIKUS
Authors: E.S. Moch. Istiadjid
Published: January 2017

This experimental study was performed to reveals the association of folic acid deficiency with the ratâ€™s fertility and also with life qualityÂ of babyâ€™s rat. The level of folic acid deficiency were divided into two groups, consisted of severe and mild, based on the intake of folicÂ acid, those were given to each groups that consist Â of ten mature Sprague-Dawley rats. Other were givennormal folic acid as aÂ control. Sixteen weeks after dietary suplly, ratâ€™s Â blood were evaluated to measure the contain of folic acid in the serum andÂ erythrocyte and then the rats were forced mating. Baby rats were born with histerostomy. Ratâ€™s fertility were evaluated by measuredÂ the number of delivered babyâ€™s rat in 21th, 42th and 63th gestation or delivered days at each group. The quality of babyâ€™s rats wereÂ evaluated by measured the body weight of each baby Â and examined of any kind of congenital anomaly, such as spina bifida,Â encephalocele or anencephaly. The data analysis suggested the positive impact of maternal folic acid level in erythrocyte andÂ maternal serum with the level of maternal fertilityand life quality of the baby,s, especially its body weight. Thus, the deficiency of folicÂ acid will cause maternal infertility, lowered body weight of the babyâ€™s rats and may be also congenital anomaly.Â Key words:Folic acid deficiency, infertility, low body weight, congenital anomaly.
DETEKSI BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniaePADA SPUTUM DENGAN METODE IMUNOSITOKIMIA MENGGUNAKAN ANTI OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEIN BERAT MOLEKUL 40 KDA Klebsiella pneumoniaeSEBAGAI ANTIBODI
Authors: Susilo Joko , Sartono Teguh R. , Sumarno Sumarno
Published: January 2017

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a normal flora in human Gastro Intestinal Tract. This strain of K.pneumoniae are implicatedÂ the gram negative bacteria that can cause pneumoniabeside urinary tract infection and nosocomial infection. Until now, to identify thisÂ bacteria there are seveval methods had been used included staining and culture, Elisa, histologic and serologic that need a long time.Â The goal of this research is to detect K. pneumoniae with immunocytochemistry methode using antibody of K.pneumoniae and OMPÂ K.pneumoniae as spesific antigen. The design of this reseach was explorative descriptive. The method content of K.pneumoniaeÂ isolation, specific antigen of OMP K.pneumoniae isolation, producing antibody anti OMP K.pneumoniae, and detection this bacteria onÂ sputum with immunocytochemistry methode respectivelly. For diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity. Analysis has been used. TheÂ result showed that molecular weight of OMP K.pneumoniae was 40 kDa, antibody of OMP K.pneumoniae couldidentify the OMPÂ K.pneumoniae as antigen and could detect K.pneumoniae on sputum by using Western Blotting and immunocytochemistry.Â Sensitivity and specificity of this diagnostic testwas 90 %, 95 % consequently.Â Key words: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Outer Membrane Protein, Immunocytochemistry