bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Technology of Ventilator Airflow Control
Authors: Yuan Yue Yang , Yang Chong Chang , Cao Zhi Xin
Published: August 2013

Aiming at improving and optimizing the ventilators performance and by reviewing the whole procession for design and research of a modern medical mechanical ventilator, many things about its ventilation control are taken into being considered toward the perspective of machine system in this paper. They are included those building the respiratory system model, getting its parameters and the technique of ventilation control, etc. Their essential mechanism, related key technologies and the working principle of each sub-system are described in detail. And a control-experimentation for realizing the ventilation in a test plat is also given out. And a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) control mode realized in this experiment shown the technologies of airflow control are considered well in our design.
Application of Distributed Measurement and Control System
Authors: Li Shan Feng , Yang Lei
Published: August 2013

Measurement and control system plays a gatekeeper and director role in industrial production. It obtains various parameters from the production site, in order to meet the needs of production, improve quality, ensure safety in production. Distributed measurement and control systems scalability, inexpensive cost and other factors have been widely used. This paper mainly discusses a distributed measurement and control system which based on STC89C52 MCU, RS485 bus, 18B20 temperature components and ADS7822 voltage acquisition components with a main control terminal and three nodes, through RS485 communications. The main control terminal has keyboard and LCD1602 displayer, which can read each node state. Each node refers to one of the measurement and control items below (temperature measurement, current or voltage measurement, switch input measurement and switch output control).
Incipient Fire Detection Method Based on Comprehensive Feature of Flame
Authors: Li Zhong Hai , Fan Xiao Zhen , Qu Na
Published: August 2013

According to the characteristics of the incipient fire flame, combined with the color characteristic, static characteristic and dynamic characteristic, design identification model of Dynamic Fuzzy Logic (DFL), to determine the early fire quickly. First eliminate the least likely fire target, through the flame color characteristic. Then distinguish the fire target and interference, through the static characteristics, flame sharp and flame circularity. At last recognize the fire and secure flame, through the dynamic characteristics, flicker frequency and change rate of area. Through the DFL Model, identify whether it is the incipient fire. The results of the experiments show that this method can identify the early fire accurately, with stronger anti-jamming.
Mechanical Press Slide Bottom Dead Center Measurement Based on Macro-Micro Adjustment Device
Authors: Pan Xiao Bin , Song Gong Jie , Li Guo Ping
Published: August 2013

The design of a mechanical press slide bottom dead center measurement device which is based on the macro-micro adjustment is presented. This device has macro-micro adjustment function, which is also stable and credible in installation. The functions of press slide bottom dead center repeated positioning precision automatic measuring, analysis and display are implemented by using the technologies of eddy current sensor, PCI7422 data collection card, LED display and combine with the multi-parameter assessment from the system software, etc. It is small, portable, high precision and practical.
Design and Application of Measure and Control System Based on CAN-Bus for Large Pumping Station Auxiliary Equipments
Authors: Zheng Gui Lin , Wang Zhen Jie
Published: August 2013

This paper is focused on the measure and control system for large pumping station auxiliary equipments. The design of system has advantages as follows, functions of sensing measure, compensation calculation and policy control are decentralized to the intelligent measure and control equipments in the field improve stability and reliability of the system; digitalized application eliminates the analog signal transmission errors and fundamentally improves the accuracy of measure and control; CAN-Bus has a higher data transfer rate and distribution capacity of bus resources; isolated CAN-Bus design makes the system anti-overvoltage ability strong; simple requirements of communication network wiring highlight the economy of the system. The application of the system is also described in the paper.
Application of Fuzzy Smith Predictive Control in Mill Load
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wang Jian Min , Yang Zhi Gang , Li Yan Jiao
Published: August 2013

Grinding-classification process is key links in beneficiation production; the mill load control due to the presence of large inertia lag problem, so rely on the conventional PID control is difficult to achieve the expected control effect. Based on the conventional PID control, combined the Fuzzy control and the Smith predictive control, putting forward a kind of Fuzzy+Smith+PID control method. Through MATLAB simulation study shows that, compared with the conventional PID control, the new control method has the advantages of short regulating time, small overshoot, high control precision and no steady state error.
Asymptotic Stability Analysis and Controller Design for a Class of Switched Uncertain Singular Systems with Time-Delay
Authors: Luo Yue Sheng , Gao Shan , Gao Yang , Li Tong , Liu Chun Fang
Published: August 2013

The problem of robustly asymptotic stability and controller design for a class of switched uncertain singular systems with time-delay is considered. By means of Lyapunov function and Matrix equivalent transformation, based on multiple Lyapunov function techniques, a delay-dependent sufficient condition is deduced, such that the solution of the switched singular system with time-delay is robustly asymptotic stable for all admissible uncertainties under an appropriate switching law. Furthermore, a convex optimization problem with LMI constraints is formulated such that the maximum bound on the admissible delay can be determined by using the LMI toolbox in MATLAB. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed method.
Research of the Structure and Control Strategy for Wind-Solar Hybrid Power System
Authors: Jiang Ju Yuan , Yang Wei Da , Lin Nai Tan
Published: August 2013

Under the background of growing world energy shortage people start to realize the potentiality of renewable resources. Wind-solar hybrid power system as its stability and economy is with widespread use now. This paper according to the character of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, briefly introduces the wind-solar hybrid power system, shows the design of a remote control system based on the remote terminal unit (RTU). The control strategy of battery charging and grid-connection is carried out. There are two stages of control system which include sensors RTU communication network and terminal pc. The result of the study can be used to guide the research of this type of wind-solar hybrid power system.
Simulation Study on Drawworks Heave Compensation System of Offshore Oil Drilling
Authors: Huang Lu Meng , Zhang Yan Ting , Zhang Lei , Liu Mei Ying
Published: August 2013

In order to improve the efficiency of offshore oil drilling, simplify the structure of drilling rigs, a new type of heave compensaton drawworks is put forward to realize decoupling control of motion and energy saving by hydraulic energy storage. In order to study the compensation performance of drawworks, mathematical simulation model is built, heave compensation displacement controller of fuzzy-PI and bit pressure controller of BP neural network are designed based on the high inertia load and nonlinear time-varying characteristics of the system. The simulation results show that the heave compensation maintains the absolute displacement of the hook within certain premises and reduces the effects on bit pressure by platform heave movement, automatic bit feeding keeps bit pressure steady, the bit pressure is kept in the scope prescribed by work. The research result shows that the device well meets the performance requirements of offshore drilling.
Beneficiation of a Low Grade Lead Ore by Gravity Pre-Concentration and Flotation
Authors: Liu Si Qing , Li Xiu Juan , Zhao Yang , Li Ting Ting
Published: August 2013

This study is to investigate the beneficiating possibility of a low grade lead ore in Yunnan by current mineral processing technology. A low grade lead ore sample assaying 1.14%Pb and 5.72g/t Ag was used in tests. In the experiment, gravity pre-concentration to discard the tailings and the effects of grinding fineness, types and dosages of reagents in roughing were investigated. On the basis on optimum condition of roughing, a close circuit flowsheet was put forward. A lead concentrate assaying 47.02% Pb and 192.36g/t Ag was obtained with the recovery 73.59% and 65.12%, respectively. It gives some valuable information for the Owner in making a decision in utilization the ore economically.
The Herringbone Gear Box Modal Analysis and Experimental Study
Authors: Wang Feng , Fang Zong De
Published: August 2013

In order to more accurately estimate the intrinsic mode of herringbone gear transmission box, fluid-structure interaction model of gear box and lubricants is established. Gear system natural frequencies and mode shapes is calculate out on the establishment of the fluid-solid coupling dynamics equations. The finite element models of gearbox and lubricating oil are build by ANSYS software, and the results of inherent characteristics are given. The top ten order natural frequency is distributed between 611.8HZand 2487HZ, and the first two order mode shape is respectively shown as the axial swing and horizontal swing. In order to verify the analysis results, the hammering method of single-input multiple-output (SIMO) is used to test gearbox structure modal. The results show that the mode shapes get from ANSYS analysis are consistent with the datas of experimental measurements, and the maximum deviation of natural frequency between experiment and theory is blew 15%. So it can be shown the fluid-structure interaction model in this paper is effective and reasonable.
Study on Mechanical and Electrical Automation with System Design of Frequency Meter Based on EDA Technology
Authors: Jin Lin , Liu Qiang
Published: August 2013

Frequency meter as a kind of electronic measuring instruments, have been widely applied in the field of Mechanical and Electrical automation. The design of a frequency meter based on EDA technology, is implemented in EDA software platform of Quartus II, using hardware description language (HDL) editor can also be seasonal schematic, design, system hardware circuit compiler, simulation, system is divided into five modules: frequency module, control module, counting module, range switching module and display module, the hardware design requires a download chip EPM7128S and input and output circuit.
Thermophysical Properties of Novel Zeolite Materials for Sorption Cycles
Authors: Thu Kyaw , Kim Young Deuk , Xi Bao Juan , Ismail Azhar , Ng Kim Choon
Published: August 2013

This article discusses the thermophysical properties of zeolite-based adsorbents. Three types of zeolite (Z-01, Z-02 and Z-05) with different chemical compositions developed by Mitsubishi Plastics, Inc. are analyzed for possible applications in adsorption chillers and desalination cycles driven by low-temperature waste heat sources. The experiments are performed using static volumetric method with N2 gas sorption at 77 K. Thermophysical properties such as pore surface area, micropore volume and pore size distribution are evaluated using standard multi-point Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Non-Local Density Functional Theory (NLDFT) methods. It is observed that Aluminosilicate functionalized Z-02 exhibits the highest surface area with huge micropore volume.
Numerical Study on Heat Transfer of Turbulent Flow in a Channel with Composite Arrangement Obstacles
Authors: Parsazadeh Mohammad , Fathinia Farshid , Heshmati Amirhossein , Wahid Mazlan Abdul , Sies Mohsin Mohd
Published: August 2013

Forced convective heat transfer of turbulent flow in a two-dimensional channel mounted triangular and trapezoidal obstacles in upper wall and bottom wall arranged with periodic grooves is numerically studied. Continuity, momentum and energy equations are discretized with second order upwind method is applied to solve the equations. (RNG) k-ε model is implemented to predict the thermo-hydraulic performance of the flow. A thick of 3mm made up by aluminum is implemented for channel walls that the bottom and upper walls are heated with a uniform heat flux. The thermo-hydraulic effects of shapes and positions of obstacles mounted on upper wall referred to the bottom ribbed and grooved wall of the channel as well as its thermal enhancement factorare tested in a Reynolds number range of 3000 to 5000 with engine oil as working fluid. The numerical results demonstrate that combination of trapezoidal obstacles arrays of the upper wall placed against of ribs array of the bottom wall reveals highest thermal enhancement factor due to trapezoidal obstacles with increasing height in flow direction not only lead the flow to the bottom grooved wall but also the flow osculate surface of the obstacle and restart the thermal boundary layer with lowest friction factor compared to other cases.
Characterization of Diesel Engine Generator Operating at Different Compression Ratio Fuelled with Palm Oil Biodiesel
Authors: Belyamin Belyamin , Noor Alias Mohd. , Hussein Mohanad Hamzah , Said Mazlan
Published: August 2013

Experiment to determine exhaust gas emission and combustion characteristics of a compression ignition generator was carried out. The experiment used single cylinder four strokes direct injection engine which was fuelled with diesel and palm oil methyl ester of B2 (blends 2% palm oil methyl ester with 98% diesel on a volume basis), B5, B7 and B10. The experiment was conducted at a fixed engine speed of 3000 rpm and 50% load with variety compression ratios of 16:1, 18:1, and 20:1and 22:1. Optimum compression ratio, influence of compression ratio on specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency were examined. Palm oil methyl ester produce better output when the engine operate with variable compression ratio. Specific fuel consumption decrease, NOx increase and thermal efficiency increase when optimum compression ratio of engine is operated.
Main Steam Temperature Modeling Based on Levenberg-Marquardt Learning Algorithm
Authors: Mazalan Nor Azizi , Malek A.A. , Wahid Mazlan A. , Mailah Musa , Saat Aminuddin , Sies Mohsin M.
Published: August 2013

Main steam temperature is one of the most important parameters in coal fired power plant. Main steam temperature is often describe as non-linear and large inertia with long dead time parameters. This paper present main steam temperature modeling method using neural network with Levenberg-Marquardt learning algorithm. The result of the simulation showed that the main steam temperature modeling based on neural network with Levenberg-Marqurdt learning algorithm is able to replicate closely the actual plant behavior. Generator output, main steam flow, main steam pressure and total spraywater flow are proven to be the main parameters affected the behavior of main steam temperature in coal fired power plant.
Experimental of Cascade Refrigeration System Using Natural Refrigerant Mixture Ethane and Carbon Dioxide at Low Temperature Circuit and Natural Refrigerant Propane at High Temperature Circuit
Authors: Nasruddin  , Idrus Alhamid M. , Syaka Darwin R.B. , Arnas
Published: August 2013

Medicine and biomedical research activities require cold storage to store biomedical specimens such as, for example, stem cell, sperm, blood and other organs. During storage, to prevent the specimen from damage required a special cold storage reaches -80°C [1]. Using single cycle refrigeration machine can only reach -40°C, and performance deteriorates below -35°C drop in pressure associated with evaporation. Thus, to reach lower temperatures, use cascade refrigeration machine [2]. During this low-temperature circuit cascade refrigeration systems still use refrigerants that contain ozone-depleting or global warming (CFCs and HCFCs). To overcome this, a mixture of carbon dioxide and ethane azeotropic a promising alternative refrigerants. Simulation studies and experiments indicate a mixture of carbon dioxide and ethane were able to achieve the minimum temperature to -80°C [4-7]. With the mass ratio 70% R170 and 30% R744 circuit at low temperature refrigeration systems and uses a capillary tube expansion device 0.054 inch diameter with a length of 6 meters and 3 meters then use an electric heater as the cooling load. Cooling load is given by the variation of 90 W, 120 W and 150 W at a cabin in the low temperature circuit. From the experiment will be known characteristics of cascade refrigeration system with refrigerant mixture and will get the parameter data to make cascade refrigeration machine.
Research on Optimization Model and Generation Coal-Saving Effect of Tiered Pricing of Household Electricity Structures
Authors: Zhang Hui Juan , Tan Zhong Fu , Xu Hui , Yin He
Published: August 2013

For a long time, there is serious cross-subsidization among the power sales prices in China, and tiered pricing of household electricity is a new price measure for power consumption equity, resources utilization rationality and then achieving resources conservation and environmental protection. Based on demand side response theory, the optimization model of tiered pricing of household electricity with objective function of minimum household electricity consumption was built, and the coal-saving effect of tiered pricing was studied. The results of case study indicate that energy and coal saving effect of tiered pricing is remarkable.
Study on Uncooled Hybrid Focal Plane Detector Arrays
Authors: Fan Mao Yan , Zhang Li Fang
Published: August 2013

A thick film array of high sensitive UFPA detector, with 16×16 units, is described in this paper. A micromachining capacitive pixel structure of infrared detector is provided, with the doped (Ba, Sr) TiO3 (BST) thick film as sensitive material. The key factors that affect the detector performance are described, and the basic physical and electrical parameters of ferroelectric materials that the detector needs are given. In addition, the heat insulation technique and the corresponding parameters are provided. The capacitance increment of pixel for this structure is approximately equal to that of infrared detector with equivalent sensitive area, and then the parasitic capacitance between the pixel and substrate electrode lead is reduced. It is easy to design the integrated circuit because the infrared detector with this structure needs only low precision for the circuit. This design idea for array structure of infrared matches the development trend of structure design of infrared focal plane pixel with large array, which paves the way to develop new UFPA detector.
The Application of Soft-Switching Choppers in Maglev Trains
Authors: Liu Xu , Li Yun Gang , Cheng Hu , Li Rui Hao
Published: August 2013

The maglev chopper is a very important part in the maglev train technology. This paper briefly analyses the working principle of a kind of two-quadrant zero-transition soft-switching maglev chopper, discussing the choosing of the key parameters, also with the experimental study on the choosing of the switching-on time, the experimental results indicate that, if you choose the switching-on time correctly, the pulse spike and ripple wave at the switching-on time is decreased, the resonance degree is subdued, and the efficiency is improved.
The Effect of Tin and Heat Treatment in Brass on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties for Solving the Cracking of Nut and Bolt
Authors: Chuaiphan Wichan , Srijaroenpramong Loeshpahn , Pinpradub Dumrongrit
Published: August 2013

This work studied the effect of tin (1%Sn) addition in brass 60%Cu+40%Zn (commercial grade) by casting process conducted poured melt metals inside a sand mould and heat treatment in cast brass on microstructure and mechanical properties for solving the cracking of nut and bolt. Three conditions of brass sample for experiment viz.- brass 60%Cu + 40%Zn (commercial grade), brass 60%Cu + 39%Zn+1%Sn (as-cast) and brass 60%Cu+39% Zn+1%Sn (precipitation hardening). The microstructure of specimens all condition, it was found that consists of α phase and β phase. Which brass addition 1% Sn, the β phase content in α phase matrix structure more than brass commercial grade. For microstructure of brass produce by precipitation hardening, shape of α phase are slender and long which have slight distributed in β-phase. The mechanicals properties, that is hardness, ultimate tensile strength and compressive strength. It was found that the brass 60%Cu+39% Zn+1%Sn (precipitation hardening), all test mechanical properties it was higher than the all samples condition. This results can be explain incharacterization of microstructure to gives deformation of copper alloy.
Theoretical Study on Fluorescence Spectra of Three Coumarin Derivatives
Authors: Wang Ying
Published: August 2013

The fluorescence spectra of three coumarin derivatives are studied. Geometric configurations of the three compounds are optimized by DFT method of quantum chemistry on B3LYP/6-31G. There is no imaginary frequency in vibrational analysis. Their excitation spectra are calculated by TD-DFT method. Furthermore, geometric configurations in excited state of the three compounds are optimized by CIS method. Based on the excited configuration emission spectra are also calculated. All the calculated results are in good agreement with experimental values.
A Compensation Approach of Dead-Zone Nonlinearity in Dual-Motor Driving Servo System
Authors: Zhao Hai Bo , Zhu Yun Guo
Published: August 2013

Aiming at the control problem of dual-motor driving servo system with dead-zone nonlinearity,we proposed the model of system linear part.We used describing function methods to analyze dead-zone nonlinearity characteristic.The simulation experiments of nonlinear system with dead-zone were carried out.The results of simulation show that system represents the phenomenon of zero deflection with step response,error curve exists peak at commutation time with sine response.In the end,we used compensation control strategy to weaken the impact of dead-zone nonlinearity on dual-motor driving servo system.Finally the simulation illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed compensation control strategy.
High-Efficiency Charge Pump LED Driver Circuit Design
Authors: Cao Yi Jiang , De Hao , Cao Jia Mu , Tang Xing Hua , Cui Qian
Published: August 2013

In this paper, Using CSMC 0.5μm CMOS process to design each sub-module, the circuit simulation, and adjustment and validation of parameters have been carried out by simulation tools. The low static power and high conversion efficiency charge pump LED driver circuit has been designed. The circuits nucleus module is adaptive charge pump (1x/1.5x/2x charge pump), to converse a wider range of input voltage to a constant output voltage with high efficiency. This circuit only needs some external capacitors, and dont need inductor. So it reduces EMI electromagnetic interference and application cost, etc.
Energy-Saving Optimization for Wheel Loader's Double-Pump Confluence Hydraulic System with Fixed-Displacement Pump
Authors: Tan Zhao Jun , Jin Yao
Published: August 2013

The field test results show that existing double-pump confluence hydraulic system with constant displacement pump of wheel loader could only save some energy while the load pressure is rather high (>15Mpa in the tests). However, the load pressure is usually low, especially when the wheel Loader is working on bulldozing operation or just steering and running. Thus, an optimized double-pump confluence hydraulic system was designed by adding a proportional valve and adjust operation rule, so that the output oil of steering pump flow into tank by the proportional valve while the load pressure is low and the relative position of joystick is not large (<72%), and in this way the throttle losses is reduced. Simulation results indicate that the optimized confluence hydraulic system could save 26.2% throttle losses while the wheel Loader is working on bulldozing operation.
Preparation of Cu2+ Imprinted Polymer Microspheres and its Application for the Determination of Cu2+ in Water
Authors: Kang Yong Feng , Shi Hua Jin , Yang Lin Ge , Kang Jun Xia , Zhao Zi Qi
Published: August 2013

Copper (II) imprinted polymer particles were prepared by surface molecular imprinting technique in toluenewith 1-hy-droxy-4-(prop-2-enyloxy)-9, 10-anthraquinone (AQ) as the functional monomer, silica gel as the carrier.The effect of adsorption time, acidity, temperature and concentration on adsorption capacity was investigated by atomic absorption spectrometry. Selectivity for Cu2+ of the prepared polymer was also studied in mixed aqueous solution, the ion imprinted polymer were applied to the determination of Cu2+ in river and tap water samples, the concentration of Cu2+ in water samples were determined and the recoveries of Cu2+ in river and tap water samples were 110.7% and 109.2%, respectively.
Study on a Method of Accurate Weighting
Authors: Xie Yu , Han Bao Hong , Duan Yun Long
Published: August 2013

An accurate and automatic weighting method was used to satisfy the command. The system consisted a hopper, a vibration propellant delivering equipment, a particle separation equipment and control system. The main controller and the programmed logic controller were used to control the system to make sure the high precision of particles weighting as host computer and slave computer respectively. The result shows that the method can solve the key technology of the automatic weighting of the small-bore experimental cartridge and offers significance for the automatic weighting of standard particles.
Dual Hesitant Fuzzy Information Aggregation in Decision Making
Authors: Huang Hai Bin , Cai Li Na , Cai Peng Chao
Published: August 2013

As an extension of hesitant fuzzy sets, dual hesitant fuzzy sets can depict the attitude when decision makers give their certain or uncertain hesitant fuzzy evaluation information. In this paper, we develop the dual hesitant fuzzy ordered weighted averaging (DHFOWA) operator and the dual hesitant fuzzy ordered weighted geometric (DHFOWG) operator, study their properties, utilize them to aggregate dual hesitant fuzzy decision making information and verify their effectiveness and correctness.
Reconfigurable Spatial Sub-Chain Evolution
Authors: Zhang Li Ping , Pang Gui Bing , Zhou Mao Jun , Jin Zhi Yuan
Published: August 2013

This paper investigates the built-in spatial modules extended with reconfigurable character based on reconfiguration modules in the form of spatial kinematic pairs and associated links. Known that reconfiguration modules are to be served to develop reconfiguration leading to novel structure expansion, the key issue is to assemble reconfiguration modules and to derive a reconfiguration mechanism as a self-reconfigurable set. The module exerts its reconfiguration through changing the number of mobility or type of its built-in kinematic pair and changing its combined components. Its reconfiguration characteristics come from its decomposition, transformation, degeneration and combination. It is clear that reconfiguration module extension serves as an effective category to set up the relationship and transformation categories between these reconfiguration modules. More often, there exists multiple module group solutions for a higher dimensional module and this is the key for topology reconfiguration and variation. Spatial reconfiguration process uses reconfiguration principles which is consistent with displacement group operations. The essence of reconfiguration is the reconfiguration mechanism characteristic which convert a mechanism from fixed topology to variable topology analogous to evolutionary variation. In fact, these can be the effective and available constraint information as geometrical ways to reach the special configuration states and then produce reconfigurations with special geometric and parametric dimension design.
Calculation and Simulation of Automobile Power Performance Based on the MATLAB
Authors: He Yu Song , Wang Li Hua , Zhang Nan , Lu Zi
Published: August 2013

With the rapid increase of automobile, as a transportation tool, the automobile transport efficiency is also put forward higher requirements. Transport efficiency of the automobile depends largely on the power performance. Power performance is the most basic and important performance of the automobile. Power performance is good or bad directly affects the effect of automobile driving on the highway. Generally, a power performance calculation and simulation is necessary in the new car development. It is used to guide the design whether meet the requirements of the design index and use. According to the general method of calculation and simulation about automobile power performance, this paper combining with a car carried on the power performance calculation and simulation. It has reference value for studying, researching and developing automobile.
The Study on Analog Module of Underground Cables Environmental Monitoring System Based on CAN Bus
Authors: Zong Ming , Wang Qian , Zhang Feng Ge
Published: August 2013

In order to online real-time monitor of underground cable tunnel environment and running state, the timely discover and preclude troubleshooting that may occur, and to ensure the safety and reliability of the cable running. This article describes the underground cable environment online monitoring system platform based on CAN bus technology, and which is in its application layer using a common international CANopen protocol. This paper focuses on the realization of analog modules. It provides timely and effective monitoring method for real-time monitoring of the underground cable environment.
Characterization of Fracture Properties of Epoxy-Alumina Polymer Nanocomposite
Authors: Shukla Dharmendra Kumar , Sonia Pankaj , Verma Vijay
Published: August 2013

Polymer nanocomposites (PNC) were prepared by in-situ polymerization technique. Rod shape alumina nanoparticles of two different sizes; i) having an average diameter in the range of 10 nm and length less than 50 nm and ii) having diameter in the range of 20-40 nm and length in the range of 200-400 nm; were selected as reinforcement material for epoxy matrix. PNCs having 0.5 %, 1 %, and 1.5 % weight fraction of alumina nanorods were prepared. Transmission electron micrographs (TEM) of the nanocomposites showed good dispersion of alumina nanoparticles in the epoxy. The quasi static plane strain fracture toughness of the PNCs was determined. Addition of both the types of alumina nanoparticles gives good improvement in the facture toughness of epoxy. An increment of 34% in fracture toughness was observed for composites having smaller size alumina nanorods at 1.5 wt.% over that of neat epoxy whereas fracture toughness was improved by 56 % for composites having alumina nanorods of higher aspect ratio at the same weight fraction. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images of the fracture surfaces were analyzed to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the increase in the fracture toughness of the PNCs.
Ecological Performance Analysis of Irreversible Rankine Cycle
Authors: Yeğiner Y. , Kenç S. , Özkol İ. , Kömürgöz Güven
Published: August 2013

This paper presents a performance analysis and optimization based on the ecological criterion performed for irreversible Rankine cycle. The ECOP objective function is defined as the ratio of power output to the loss rate of availability. The effects of major parameters on the general and optimal ecological performances have been investigated.
Evaporating Meniscus of Ethanol and Ethanol-Based Nanofluids in Single Micro-Channels
Authors: Wang Yuan , Sefiane Khellil , Wang Zhen Guo
Published: August 2013

Evaporating meniscus of ethanol and ethanol-based nanofluids (0.01vol.%) in micro-channels were experimentally studied. Visualisation and thermographic results of the stationary meniscus confined in high-aspect-ratio rectangular micro-channels (hydraulic diameters are 571 μm, 727 μm and 1454 μm, channel cross sectional aspect ratio is 20, 20, 10 respectively) were obtained. It was found that interface evaporation rate increases with heat flux. The meniscus interface becomes deformed when the evaporation rate increases. The use of nanofluids largely enhances the interface stability even though the particle volume fraction is at a very low level. Besides, a stick-slip and back-jump behaviour of the nanofluids meniscus was captured during the transition from stable to deformed interface. Moreover, sink effect at the liquid-vapour interface was discussed based on the IR results.
A Novel Expression for the Effective Viscosity to Model Squeeze-Film Damping at Low Pressure
Authors: Pantano Maria F. , Nigro Salvatore , Furgiuele Franco , Pagnotta Leonardo
Published: August 2013

The Navier-Stokes equation is currentlyconsidered for modelling of squeeze-film damping in MEMS devices, also when the fluid flow associated to it is rarefied.In order to include rarefaction effects in such equation, a common approach consists of replacing the ordinary fluid viscosity with a scaled quantity, known as effective viscosity.The literature offers different expressions for the effective viscosity as a function of the Knudsen number (Kn). Such expressions were shown to work well whenKn<1, but theyresulted to be lessaccurate in case ofKn>1. In this paper a new expression is proposed to evaluate the effective viscosity for 1<Kn<40with increased reliability. Such anexpression was derivedfrom an optimized numerical-experimental procedure,developed in MATLAB® environment, using a finite element code and experimental data extracted from the literature. A comparison is finally reported and discussed between the results, in terms of damping coefficient, obtained considering previously reported effective viscosity expressions and the novel one,with reference to different squeeze film damping layouts, for which experimental data are already available.
Enhanced Adhesion of Human Osteoblast-Like Cells on Femtosecond Laser Treated Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Wang Rui , Xu Ying , Yu Xiao Lin , Zhou Yan Min
Published: August 2013

Several techniques of implant surface structuring have been used in the past to modify the surface of titanium and its alloys. We first investigated the adhesion property of human osteoblasts (MG-63) on femtosecond laser treated Ti-6Al-4V for application in dental implant. Two different kinds of surface structures were generated with varied laser fluence. (1) Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) with a period on the sub-micron level. (2) Microscale peaks and troughs surface structures (MPTSS) with superimposed submicron and nanoscale features. According to the cell quantity and adhesion property of MG-63 on polished and structured samples, femtosecond laser treated Ti-6Al-4V with LIPSS may more suitable for applied in dental implant.
Polycarbonate Nanocomposites via Melt Compounding: The Relation between Compatibility and Rheological Properties
Authors: Sadeghipour Hojjatollah , Ghorbani Farshid , Felavarjani Mohammad Reza Jafari , Ebadi-Dehaghani Hassan , Ashouri Davoud , Mousavian Saman
Published: August 2013

The effect of several types of nanoparticles on the rheological properties of polycarbonate (PC) was compared. Four polycarbonate nanocomposites containing 5 wt% of layered silica (SiO2), Iron oxide (Fe3O4), Iron oxide (α-Fe2O3), cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were prepared via melt compounding at 260 °C. Compression molded samples were prepared and the dynamic rheological properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. The incorporation of the nanoparticles increased the storage modulus and consequently decreased the damping factor. In the Cole-Cole plot, PC filled layered silica and Fe2O3 nanoparticles showed more semi-circle pattern comparing to that of other nanocomposites implied more compatibility between PC and layered silica and also Fe2O3 nanofillers. While other nanocomposites showed more deviation from this pattern. Rotational mode in rheological studies showed that at low shear rate the viscosities of nanocomposites are higher than that of pure Polycarbonate. While at higher shear rate the viscosity of filled samples tend to approach the viscosity of pure PC.
Support Vector Linearly Inseparable Algorithm and its Optimizing Microwave Calcining Technology of Ammonium Uranyl Carbonate
Authors: Du Qing Zhi
Published: August 2013

Support vector machines (SVMs) are a promising type of learning machine based on structural risk minimization and statistical learning theory, which can be divided into two categories: support vector classification (SVC) machines and support vector regression machines (SVR). The basic elements and algorithms of SVC machines are discussed. As modeling and prediction methods are introduced into the experiment of microwave calcining AUC, the better prediction accuracy and the better fitting results are compare with back propagation (BP) neural network method. This is conducted to elucidate the good generalization performance of SVMs, especially good for dealing with the data of some nonlinearity.
Prediction of Selected Aspects of Machinability of Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: Jurko Jozef , Panda Anton , Behún Marcel , Mrkvica Ivan
Published: August 2013

The development of new materials and components for the development of new materials requires cutting their research in the cutting process. Currently, the increasing technical and economic requirements for the production of components (eg, increased productivity) of machining hard materials to improve the efficiency of cutting process. Finding the causes and define the conditions for efficient cutting process stainless steel is a paper.
Dependence of Mold Temperature on its Cavity Filling Time for the Production of Lightweight Profile Applying the Extrusion Technology
Authors: Kulik Vladimir , Pasko Ján , Gaspar Stefan
Published: August 2013

The paper deals with the dependence of mold temperature on its cavity filling time for the production of lightweight profile applying the technology of extrusion into a mold. The introductory part is a brief theoretical analysis of the extrusion technology, viscosity of the melt and the nature of mold tempering. The following parts of this paper deal with the methodology of carrying out of experiments, analysis of the mold cavity filling process and determination of the dependence of mold temperature on its cavity filling time, which have been obtained based on a computer simulation and from a real manufacturing process.
Restoration of Destroyed Land due to Building of Water Reservoir
Authors: Sheu Ling Yuh , Lee Ying Lin , Wen Shaw Bing , Shen Yun Hwei , Chang Jui Lin
Published: August 2013

In order to obtain adequate water resources, the decision to build water reservoirs is unavoidable. However, the large amount of sand and rocks washed out from upstream shortens the lifespan of the water reservoirs. Therefore, the sediment needs to be cleared away to prolong the lifespan of the reservoirs, secure the water storage in the water reservoirs and improve their efficiency to achieve the best economic benefits. This research aimed to discuss the reasons for geographical and environmental change, as well as natural ecological destruction due to construction of water reservoirs. The findings could serve as a reference to further ecological engineering projects to restore ecological and geographical conditions, and to improve the land degradation situation caused by the construction of water reservoirs.
Regenerative Chatter Stability and Hopf Bifurcation Analysis in Milling System
Authors: Zhao D. , Zhang Q.
Published: August 2013

The shifted Chebyshev polynomials and Floquet theory are both adopted for the prediction regenerative chatter stability and Hopf bifurcation in milling. The influences of the system parameter on the stability of the milling system have been analyzed. The stability lobe diagrams are obtained. The result shows that the shifted Chebyshev polynomials method is more accurate than the semi-discretion scheme for spindle speed lower than 3500 round per minutes. The stability in milling can well be predicted by the cutting depth and feed rate lobes diagrams. Only Hopf bifurcations are detected by the Eigen-value analysis. The stable solution transform from the stable equilibrium point to the quasi-periodic oscillation after Hopf bifurcation.
Numerical Simulation for Two-Phase Flow Field of FGD Scrubber in Ship
Authors: Gu Yong Zheng , Dong Zhi Feng , Kuang Quan Jin , Liu Jie , Zhang Yu Zhao
Published: August 2013

Discrete phase model was used for three-dimensional numerical simulation of two-phase flow in the ship FGD scrubber. The κ-ε model and SIMPLE algorithm were adopted in the calculation. The results showed that adding porous baffles improved the distribution of flow field in the scrubber. The gas velocity in the scrubber became uniformity and the flue gas resistance decreased when the sprays worked. Under the action of the spray, the differential pressure of spray area changed greatly. The simulation plays a certain role in guiding the structural optimization design of scrubber.
Application of Passive Thermal Infrared Imaging to Study Ice and Snow Accretion on Automobiles in Cold Regions
Authors: Muhammad S. Virk
Published: August 2013

The resultant effect of ice and snow accretion on automobiles in cold regions may induce performance losses by provoking mechanical system failures and structural damages. Different methods for ice/snow detection and measurement have been used by researchers, ranging from simple monitoring techniques to advanced complex ones. Thermal infrared image processing based techniques can be a promising way for ice and snow detection on different surface of automobiles in cold regions, but have not extensively been studied so far. This paper presents a preliminary study about application of thermal infrared image processing based techniques for ice and snow detection on various automobiles in cold regions. Preliminary field measurements have been carried out by researchers of Narvik University College in northern part of Norway during winter 2012-2013, where results have shown a potential in this technique. Better knowledge of vehicle performance in icy conditions will help the designers to improve safe driving conditions.
Design Fuzzy Logic Control System of Automatic Irrigation Based on MINI2440 and C8051F410 MCU
Authors: Zhang He Xi , Chi Dao Cai , Wang Li Xuan , Chen Tao Tao , Wang Yong Tao
Published: August 2013

In this paper, the fuzzy controlling system of automatic irrigation was prepared and designed based on MINI2440 and C8051F410 MCU, in which MATLAB was embedded in C8051F410 MCU while WINCE5.0 was embedded in MINI2440. In the progress, the WINCE5.0 was developed by using C#. All the simulate results of fuzzy controller were shown by SIMLINK in the system. In this paper, we proposed a novel control mode and gave the Robust Control Algorithm of the fuzzy Control System.
Research on the Fractal Interpolation Based on High Speed Milling
Authors: Zhao Wei , Pan Xin , Cai Yun Jun , Li Guo He
Published: August 2013

Lots of literatures indicate that the residual surface machined is not smooth and has fractal characteristics of self-similarity and self-affinity. So it is proposed that the residue model of mould can be expressed by the fractal interpolation. Firstly, fractal function and factor are selected rationally. Secondly, the number of iterations is discussed considering the acceleration, deceleration and error in the high speed milling as well. S type feed curve limiting variation is adopted to control the minimum distance of adjacent interpolation points. Meanwhile, the angle of the adjacent line is calculated to control the error. At last, the fractal interpolation process is given and the interpolation points are calculated. Those points meet the above demands and are taken as the appropriate datum for the finish machining.
Study on Nature Materials in the Application of Product Packaging
Authors: Shi Ai Qin , Yu Jie , Wang Jian
Published: August 2013

Natural materials are very environmental packaging materials. This paper analyzes the natural materials are constitutive of container materials, weave materials and other materials, including their characteristics. Then it demonstrates all kinds of application methods and points for attention about natural materials for product packaging’s modeling. It is advocated about accelerating studies about design methods and mass production for original ecological packaging.
Risk Assessment Based on Fuzzy Fault Tree for Waterproofing Accidents in Deep Excavation
Authors: Wang Jing Chun , Liu Jing Jing , Hou Wei Hong
Published: August 2013

In recent years accidents in deep excavation have frequently occurred, which brought a heavy loss in lives and property. The past cases of accident indicated water was a key one of accident resource. In this paper, water-control and its influencing factors in deep excavation were researched from sealing, draining and dewatering, and then fault tree of waterproofing was set up. The probability of waterproofing failure was calculated using Fuzzy Mathematics, and importance degrees for basic events were analyzed to find the events which would lead to the occurrence of the top event. The analysis can be used to make safety measures.
Research on Coordinated Simulation of Marine Parallel Stable Platform Based on Adams and Matlab
Authors: Li Bin Cheng , Li Xiao Fan
Published: August 2013

In the paper, parallel mechanism is applied to Marine stable platform field. The integrated model,which consists of mechanical system, hydraulic driving system and control system, is established by the software of dynamic analysis of mechanical system (Adams) and Matlab/Simulink. The simulation result shows the decent capability of hydraulic cylinders length tracking, however further improvement can be made. This research provides valuable and fundamental knowledge for the system design and optimization.
Enhancement of Dispersion Stability of Carbon Nanotube in Solvents
Authors: Li Ping , Seng Low Aik , Lin Jin , Jiang Yin Xi , Choon Ong Guat
Published: August 2013

Dispersion stability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is a challenging issue in the preparation of nanocomposites. This paper reports the enhancement of dispersion stability of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in four solvents using two surfactants and four polymeric dispersants. The dispersion stability of MWCNTs, in term of Instability Index, was characterized by an accelerated stability analyser. The two polymeric dispersants with ionic anchoring groups and solvent-compatible chains showed the best dispersion stability as they provide polar anchoring and steric barrier which enhance the dispersion stabilisation of MWCNTs in various solvents.
Malaysian Foxtail Grass - A Potential Source of Natural/Agro Fibre for Polymer Composite Panel
Authors: Ruzaidi C.M. , Al Bakri A.M. Mustafa , Kamarudin H. , Norazian M.N. , Rafiza A.R. , Zarina Y.
Published: August 2013

Foxtail grass, also known as rumput bulu by the local people, is one of the fast growing grasses abundantly available all over Malaysia. A full grown Foxtail grass attains a height of about 0.5 1.5 meters. The fibres were prepared by mechanical grinding procedure and the fibre size and length produced can be controlled through the grinding time of this grass material. The weight loss of the different grinding time was calculated. The polymer composites panel were then made from the mixing the polystyrene with various size of fibre produced. Flexural test exhibited good and comparable strength properties. The results show that this grass fibre may be considered as one of the potential sources of natural/ agro fibres for polymer composites panel.