bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovations in the practice of Brazilian community health nursing during the pandemic: a rapid review
Authors: Zanchetta Margareth Santos , Paula Clarissa Moura de , Moraes Katarinne Lima , Santos Walterlânia Silva , Linhares Francisca Márcia Pereira , Oliveira Lizete Malagoni de Almeida Cavalcante , Brasil Virginia Visconde , Viduedo Alecssandra de Fatima Silva
Published: October 2024

Abstract Objective to describe the innovations introduced in Brazilian community health nursing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method rapid literature review with a conceptual framework of innovation in organizations and ideas underlying the method of appreciative inquiry. The databases were limited to Google Scholar (English) and SciELO (Portuguese) (November–December 2022). A total of 52 articles were identified in Portuguese, 11 of which met the eligibility criteria. Results the majority (n=10; 91%) addressed the “discovery” factor, highlighting the favorable conditions for innovation. Contents about “imagining what could be” (n=6; 55%) projected innovation as a permanent practice. In relation to “co-constructing the ideal condition” 55% (n=6), innovation was reported as a joint action and in practice. Regarding the “sustainability of innovation,” only five interventions (45%) indicated paths for continuity. Conclusions and implication to the practice the connection between primary health care, academia, and organizations produced simple solutions to unknown, complex, and unpredictable situations. However, the idea of innovation as something unprecedented, untested, and structurally revolutionary, was not extensively identified by this rapid review, due to the conceptual and theoretical fragility of the interventions and projects reported.
Percepção dos pais de crianças submetidas a procedimento cirúrgico eletivo: da descoberta ao tratamento cirúrgico
Authors: Talini Carolina , Carvalho Ariana Rodrigues da Silva , Viera Claudia Silveira
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a percepção dos pais acerca da trajetória do paciente cirúrgico pediátrico, desde o diagnóstico, indicação de cirurgia até sua realização, reconhecendo fatores que levaram ao atraso no atendimento. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo, que inicialmente identificou, nos prontuários, as crianças encaminhadas em atraso para a idade para avaliação com o cirurgião. Identificaram-se 77/289 (26,6%) pacientes encaminhados em atraso. Após sorteio realizaram-se entrevistas, por telefone, com sete pais. Utilizou-se da análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática com a emergência de três categorias: dificuldades encontradas; atendimento na atenção primária; e da descoberta do problema à realização da cirurgia. Em referência à espera para atendimento pelos especialistas, observa-se excesso de demanda ante a menor oferta de consultas. A qualidade do atendimento recebido na atenção primária foi bem avaliada e a empatia das equipes foi elogiada. Os familiares reconheceram que a espera pelo atendimento era considerada normal e esteve dentro do esperado, e que, mesmo sendo longa, quando não se tratava de emergência, era considerada aceitável. Conclui-se que o atendimento recebido foi considerado como de qualidade. Em relação ao tempo de espera pela avaliação e cirurgia, a escassez de profissionais da especialidade e a falta de coordenação na rede de atenção primária podem ser considerados como pontos de dificuldade no itinerário percorrido.
Multiple myeloma in Brazil: an assessment of Global Burden Disease study 2019
Authors: Oliveira Max Moura de , Veloso Guilherme Augusto , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Curado Maria Paula , Pádua Cristiane Menezes de
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematological cancer; it accounts for approximately 10% of all hematologic malignancies and 1%-2% of all cancer diagnoses. From 1990 to 2019, an ecological study was conducted to describe and evaluate trends in Brazil’s morbidity, mortality, and disease. The Global Burden of Disease data described age-standardized (+40 years) incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years, and its components in Brazil and across its 27 federative units according to sex and Socio-demographic Index quintiles. Trends were estimated using linear regression and expressed as Average Annual Percentage Changes (AAPC) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Ascending trends of the measures were found for both sexes in Brazil and its federative units. Mortality increased to a lesser extent than incidence (AAPC=1.3%; 95%CI=1.2-1.3 vs. AAPC=1.5%; 95%CI= 1.5-1.5 for men; AAPC=0.9%; 95%CI=0.9-0.9 vs. AAPC=1.1%; 95%CI=1.1-1.2 for women), resulting in higher rising trends in prevalence for both sexes. All the measures were significantly higher in high- and high-middle socio-demographic quintiles; however, higher ascending trends were found in lower socio-demographic quintiles. Aging, level of development, diagnosis, and treatment appear to explain Brazil’s ascending multiple myeloma rates and their differences among the federative units.
Approach to violent situations in population surveys: scoping review
Authors: Fernandes Heloísa Garcia Claro , Telles Nathalia Nakano , Luz Priscilla de Oliveira , Silva Julia Carolina de Mattos Cerioni , Barbosa Guilherme Correa , Baquete Aline Geovanna de Lima , Oliveira Márcia Aparecida Ferreira de
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT This paper aimed to map population surveys that identify data on domestic, intra-family, intimate partner and sexual violence, including approaches to sexual behavior and sexual and gender diversity. This is a scoping review that follows the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the PRISMA checklist. The search was carried out from December 2021 to April 2022 in the LILACS and Medline databases, Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations for gray literature, and extended to 18 sources among websites and institutions relevant to the theme. Out of the 1,191 publications retrieved, 57 were included. Most of the surveys were conducted in Brazil, Portugal and the United States, with a recent increase in the last two decades. The studies focused mainly on domestic or sexual violence and obtained data by means of face-to-face interviews. It is clear that variables such as risk and protective factors, predictors and social determinants of violence are still underexplored in surveys, limiting the understanding of the matter. This review can support the planning of new research and subsequent prevention actions, evaluation of health services and interventions, as well as the fulfillment of public policies to manage the social and individual burden imposed on victims of violence.
Working in the COVID-19 pandemic: coping strategies and repercussions among health professionals
Authors: Sousa Anderson da Silva , Guilherme João Vitor Gomes , Costa Roberta Letícia Pimentel da , Graça José Mateus Bezerra da , Poty Nalma Alexandra Rocha de Carvalho , Cavalcante Elisângela Franco de Oliveira
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT This study aimed to develop a theoretical model about frontline care work during the COVID-19 pandemic, considering the ways of coping and the repercussions on the health of the professionals involved. This is a qualitative research with a methodological reference of Grounded Theory in the structuralist approach of Strauss and Corbin, carried out in a university hospital. With theoretical sampling of the population and formation of two sample groups, 24 professionals participated, including nurses, physiotherapists, doctors and nursing technicians. Data collection was carried out with in-depth interviews. Data analysis occurred through open, axial and selective coding, using the Atlas Ti 22.0 software. The results achieved made it possible to elucidate the theoretical model with the central category Working on the care frontline in the COVID-19 pandemic’, supported by five categories, according to the paradigmatic circumstances of the conditions; action/interaction; and the consequences. The theoretical model developed may contribute to the planning and development of institutional strategies for coping with critical periods, characterized by increased demand for health services, the presence of a highly transmissible etiological agent and, mainly, impact on the health of professionals, with suffering and illnesses among those involved in the care front line.
SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING AND LABOR PRODUCTIVITY: A GLOBAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ocasal Diva Liceth Mendoza , Martínez Maira Alejandra González , Santos Nelly Quirvan
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between subjective well-being in the workplace and organizational productivity through a systematic review of relevant scientific articles. A systematic review was conducted on 310 articles, employing inclusion and exclusion criteria to narrow it down to 36 pertinent articles. The review identified several factors affecting both subjective well-being and productivity, such as the company’s willingness to implement programs to improve well-being prioritizing friendly working conditions, fair compensation, flexible schedules, a respectful work environment, promotion of professional development, and emotional and economic incentives.
Inquérito de cobertura vacinal da hepatite A em crianças de 24 meses de idade residentes em capitais do Brasil, 2020
Authors: Moura Winny Éveny Alves , Caetano Karlla Antonieta Amorim , Lima Juliana de Oliveira Roque e , Campos Lays Rosa , Silva Grazielle Rosa da Costa e , Moraes José Cássio de , França Ana Paula , Domingues Carla Magda Allan Santos , Teixeira Maria da Gloria Lima Cruz , Teles Sheila Araújo , Silva Adriana Ilha da , Ramos Jr. Alberto Novaes , França Ana Paula , Oliveira Andrea de Nazaré Marvão , Boing Antonio Fernando , Domingues Carla Magda Allan Santos , Oliveira Consuelo Silva de , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia , Guibu Ione Aquemi , Mirabal Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa , Barbosa Jaqueline Caracas , Lima Jaqueline Costa , Moraes José Cássio de , Luhm Karin Regina , Caetano Karlla Antonieta Amorim , Lima Luisa Helena de Oliveira , Antunes Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira , Teixeira Maria da Gloria , Teixeira Maria Denise de Castro , Borges Maria Fernanda de Sousa Oliveira , Queiroz Rejane Christine de Sousa , Gurgel Ricardo Queiroz , Barata Rita Barradas , Azevedo Roberta Nogueira Calandrini de , Oliveira Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de , Teles Sheila Araújo , Gama Silvana Granado Nogueira da , Mengue Sotero Serrate , Simões Taynãna César , Nascimento Valdir , Araújo Wildo Navegantes de
Published: October 2024

RESUMO Objetivo Estimar a cobertura vacinal da hepatite A em crianças de 24 meses e identificar fatores associados à ausência de vacinação. Métodos Inquérito em amostra estratificada por estratos socioeconômicos em capitais (2020-2022), com estimativa de cobertura e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) e análise de fatores pela razão de prevalência (RP) via regressão de Poisson. Resultados Nas 31.001 crianças, a cobertura da hepatite A foi de 88,1% (IC95% 86,8;89,2). Nos estratos socioeconômicos (A/B), a variável pais/responsáveis imigrantes foi associada à ausência de vacinação (RP = 1,91; IC95% 1,09;3,37); nos estratos C/D, crianças de cor amarela (RP = 4,69; IC95% 2,30;9,57), 4ª ordem de nascimento ou mais (RP = 1,68; IC95% 1,06;2,66), não frequentar creche/berçário (RP = 1,67; IC95% 1,24;2,24) e mãe com trabalho remunerado (RP = 1,42; IC95% 1,16;1,74) foram associadas à ausência de vacinação. Conclusão Cobertura da hepatite A abaixo da meta (95%), sugerindo-se considerar especificidades dos estratos sociais.
In Silico Analysis of Anti-Cancer Activity of Exopolysaccharide Isolated from Novel Pseudolagarobasidium acaciicola through Mass Production, Gel Permeation Separation, and Compositional Analysis
Authors: Behera Smita , Gupta Nibha
Published: October 2024

Bacteria, fungi, and algae are examples of microorganisms that synthesize polysaccharides, which are macromolecules that belong to the carbohydrate class. Production of polysaccharides represents an alternative to chemical and plant-derived compounds that could be used for human well-being which requires implementation of different methods standardized during the extraction and purification process. In the current investigation, Pseudolagarobasidium acaciicola, a novel fungal source of exopolysaccharide (EPS) was used which produced 2773.23 ± 100.39 mg/L when cultured under pre-optimized composed medium for 7 days under submerged culture conditions. Biochemical estimation of crude polysaccharides revealed the presence of carbohydrates, protein, reducing sugar, least phenolics and no flavonoids. Partially purified EPS (ppEPS) was subjected to monosaccharide analysis, molecular weight determination and structural confirmation using FTIR and LCMS analysis. The presence of maltose, fructose, xylose, galactose, glucose, raffinose and sorbose was evident in the ppEPS using HPTLC at 285 nm, with molecular weight of dextran 70 (tentative). Characterization revealed the presence of functional groups including -OH, -COO, C-O-C and C-O with compounds like cellulose, phosphate and 3'-Sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine with glycan as the main structural form. Hence, our hypothesis is: the fungal strain may be used as a novel source of glycan and explore more possibilities for enhanced recovery of EPS important for further drug discovery and formulation programs. Based on existing research on the anti-cancerous characteristics of β-Glycans, an in silico study was carried out, which suggested that β-Glycans may operate more potent against its receptor CLEC7A than the oral chemotherapy drug imatinib.
Novel cases of sluicing with mismatched antecedents: Theoretical consequences
Authors: Poppels Till , Kehler Andrew
Published: October 2024

Sluicing is widely regarded to disallow syntactic mismatches at the constructional level, an assumption that has strongly shaped the character of contemporary theories. Here we expand the empirical base for theorizing by examining the felicity of sluicing under two types of constructional mismatches experimentally: tough mismatches and voice mismatches. The results reveal a set of highly felicitous sluices with both types of mismatch, as well as a high degree of variability across individual items. We compare these results against the predictions of a range of analyses and explain their ramifications for the existing theoretical landscape.
Microbiota of semen samples with asthenozoospermia: analysis of real-time PCR data
Authors: Voroshilina E. S. , Zornikov D. L. , Ivanov A. V. , Panacheva E. A. , Petrov V. M.
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted to compare the semen microbial composition using real-time PCR in patients with asthenozoospermia and normozoospermia. The semen microbial composition was assessed by real-time PCR (Androflor kit, DNA-Technology, Russia) in 242 patients with asthenozoospermia (AS) and 377 patients with normozoospermia (NS). The microbial DNA (as total bacterial load, TBL) in quantity of at least 103 GE/ml was detected in 268 (71.1 %) of 377 semen samples with NS and 185 (76.4 %) of 242 semen samples with AS. According to cluster analysis, the microbiota of positive samples was represented by one of eight stable microbial clusters with predominance of a certain group of bacteria. In asthenozoospermia a cluster dominated by Lactobacillus spp. was determined significantly more often, and among the identified individual groups of bacteria Bacteroides spp. / Porphyromonas spp. / Prevotella spp., Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp., and Lactobacillus spp. were detected significantly more often in comparison with normozoospermia.
Microecological state of the gut after correction of stress-induced dysbiosis by peptide Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro
Authors: Krivoshlykova M. S. , Medvedeva O. A. , Bobyntsev I. I. , Mukhina A. Yu. , Vorvul’ A. O. , Shevchenko A. V. , Andreeva L. A. , Myasoedov N. F.
Published: October 2024

Stress can disrupt bidirectional communication within the framework of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, including affecting the microbiological landscape and morphofunctional state of the mucous membrane of the colon. In this work we studied the ability of the peptide Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro (tuftsin-pgp) to correct the state of stress-induced dysbiosis in doses of 80, 250 and 750 pg/kg. The increase in the specific content, frequency of occurrence and relative average value of opportunistic bacteria of control stressed animals noted in the study with a decrease in the number and proportion of obligate bacteria indicated active colonization of the mucous membrane of the colon by them. Administration of tuftsin-pgp dose-dependently changed the qualitative and quantitative composition of the studied biotope microbiota. We found out that the most pronounced positive effect on the signs of stress-induced dysbiosis was the administration of the peptide at a dose of 250 pg/kg.
Comparative analysis of the parameters of the external diameter of the isthmus, ampulla and funnel of the fallopian tubes in women giving birth in the first and second periods of adulthood
Authors: Snigireva S. V. , Balandina I. A. , Balandin A. A. , Borodulin D. V. , Nekrasova A. M.
Published: October 2024

During an in-depth analysis of the management of patients of older age groups, another equally important category of the population is overlooked - patients of the second period of adulthood. In no case should this period of life be missed, especially in relation to women. It is in this age period that the menopause process occurs, which determines the further involutive restructuring of the reproductive system in particular and the entire body as a whole. It is advisable to study the morphological dynamics of the fallopian tubes, which are a key link in the female reproductive system. Objective: in a comparative aspect, to analyze the parameters of the outer diameter of the isthmus, ampoule and funnel of the fallopian tubes in women who gave birth in the first and second periods of adulthood according to the sectional study and calculate the correlation relationship. The study was performed on autopsy material in the period 2018-2022, the analysis of the results of morphometry of both fallopian tubes of 49 deceased women who gave birth at the age of 22-56 years was carried out. Group I included 26 women of the first period of adulthood (22-35 years old), group II included 23 women of the second period of adulthood (36-56 years old). The outer diameter of the fallopian tube funnel was determined using a micrometer after their isolation from the pelvic cavity. Having determined the size of the semicircle of the pipe, their diameter was calculated. The tendency to the predominance of the parameters of the outer diameter of the fallopian tubes in the second period of adulthood in comparison with the representatives of the first period of adulthood (p > 0.05) has been established. Thus, the outer diameter from the first period of adulthood to the second period at the isthmus site increases by 4.5 % in the right fallopian tube and by 6.25 % in the left fallopian tube, at the ampoule site - by 1 and 0.7 %, respectively, and at the funnel site - by 3.1 and 4.2 %, respectively. The tendency to the prevalence of parameters in each studied section of the right fallopian tube over similar ones in the left (p > 0.05) is determined. The results obtained during the sectional examination of the autopsy material can form the basis for studying the age-related anatomy of the fallopian tubes. The data form the basis for further clinical and morphological studies, as well as provide an understanding of the age characteristics of various sections of the fallopian tubes for the application of this information in practical medicine, for example, in the differential diagnosis of pathological conditions.
A jövő aszimmetrikus hadviselése
Authors: Somkuti Bálint
Published: October 2024

A jövőkutatás igen nehéz szakma. A hidegháború, a bipoláris világrend lezárultával sokan arra gondoltak, hogy a regionális konfliktusok kerülnek előtérbe. Rövidesen kiderült azonban, hogy az új helyzetben nem a hagyományos katonai szembenállás jelenti a fő kihívást.
Static Power Equipment for the Active Elimination of Harmonics from the National Energy Grid
Authors: Marian Găiceanu , Silviu Epure , Razvan Solea , Razvan Buhosu
Published: October 2024

Taking into account the long-term (2020-2050) Energy Strategy of Romania, and the Integrated National Plan in the Energy and Climate Changing 2021-2030, Dunărea de Jos University of Galati, utilizing the industrial partners, will conduct the applied industrial research to provide in the National Grid a clean energy, by harmonics mitigation. This paper deals with the Shunt Active Power solution to efficiently mitigate the current harmonics within the national power grid. Both numerical and experimental results are presented in this paper. The results of this paper are obtained by the beneficiary and the industrial partner of the „Knowledge transfer regarding the increase of energy efficiency and intelligent power systems” project, acronym CRESC-INTEL, within the POC Competitiveness Operational Program. The obtained results of this project will conduct one innovation-based ecosystem in the European Union research and technological development field. Innovative static power types of equipment ensure an increased energy efficiency of the power system with a high power factor. Based on the obtained prototype, a mass production of the innovative static power equipment will be delivered to the specific market, by complying with the available power quality standards. In this way, based on the static power equipment series production, by considering alternative power ranges, harmonic cleaning of the national grid is obtained.
FUNDIS Fungal Tissue Sampling for PCR v2
Authors: Singer Harte
Published: October 2024

How to sample dried fungi into PCR tubes for DNA extraction.
Evaluation of indirect indices in the insulin resistance assessment in patients with different body mass index
Authors: Čano Dedić Lejla , Pašalić Arzija , Papić Emsel , Begagić Emir , Šečić Selimović Sabina , Gazibarić Mario , Šegalo Sabina
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR) is a complex pathophysiological condition with multifactorial etiology characterized by a reduced responsiveness of target tissues to insulin (INS). Indirect indices based on mathematical models and derived from laboratory parameters have become increasingly popular in the past two decades. In this study, we evaluated their ability to predict IR in a population with different body mass index (BMI).
Methods: The matched case–control study was conducted in 2021 and 2022. Secondary data from 129 subjects were obtained from medical records, including demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical laboratory test results. The studied group consisted of 91 subjects with a suspected diagnosis of IR who were further categorized according to BMI, while control group consisted from 38 age- and gender-matched subjects. Six widely used indirect indices were calculated: Homeostatic Model Assessment for IR (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), McAuley index (MCAi), metabolic score for IR (METS-IR), triglyceride to glucose index (TyG), and TyG to BMI (TyG-BMI).
Results: Significant differences between the subgroups were found in the mean values for HOMA-IR, TyG, TyG-BMI, and METS- IR, while the control group had the highest mean values for the indirect indices QUICKI and MCAi (p < 0.001). HOMA-IR, TyG, and TyG-BMI showed statistical significance in predicting IR regardless of BMI (p < 0.05). In the obese group, TyG-BMI had good predictive power for discriminating IR (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.820), with a sensitivity and specificity of 84.1% and 87.7%, respectively. HOMA-IR showed moderate predictive power to discriminate IR in the obese group (AUC = 0.720), with a sensitivity and specificity of 70.4% and 89.1%, respectively.
Conclusion: As IR is a multifactorial disease, indirect indices combining laboratory and anthropometric data can significantly help in predicting and mitigating complications.
About Air Quality Assessment using Time Series Analysis Techniques on Air Particles Data
Authors:   oscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, 117303, Russian Federation,, Brykin D. O. , Kaliberda E. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, 644050, Russian Federation, Bahmutsky U. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Omsk, 644050, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the dynamics of air pollution caused by particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) in Omsk, Russia. Data collected from the Sensor.Community network between 2021 and 2023 were analyzed using time series analysis methods. The findings reveal a subtle weekly seasonality in the data, potentially attributed to fluctuations in industrial activity and traffic patterns throughout the week. Additionally, a concerning trend of deteriorating air quality was identified, characterized by increasing annual average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5. The study employed various time series analysis techniques, including Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function (ECDF), Seasonal and Trend decomposition using Loess (STL), and autocorrelation function (ACF) analysis. These methods allowed for the visualization and examination of data distribution, trend identification, and seasonality detection. Furthermore, the Mann-Kendall test confirmed a statistically significant trend of increasing pollution levels over the three-year period. To enhance the accuracy of spatial analysis, data interpolation was performed using kriging with a Gaussian model. This method, compared to simple interpolation, provides a more precise assessment of the spatial distribution of pollutants. The study also implemented Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for forecasting hourly pollution values. LSTM exhibited promising results, demonstrating its potential for developing early warning systems, particularly when combined with meteorological data such as wind forecasts. The results highlight the need for effective measures to mitigate air pollution in Omsk and emphasize the importance of utilizing data from diverse sources, including official air quality monitoring stations, to ensure accuracy and reliability in air quality assessments.
Design of a Universal Library of Components for the Development of Medical Systems in the Field of Thyroidology
Authors:   National Research Nuclear University ", Tsyguleva K. V. ,   MEPhI",   , Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation, Zaitsev K. S. ,   National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation, Dunaev M. E. ,   National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

Reducing the time and cost of developing application information systems by increasing the efficiency of the work performed is one of the main priorities of their modern production. With the development of AI technologies in all areas of activity, including medicine, there is a need for continuous improvement of both the client and server parts of information systems for many different nosologies. The purpose of this study is to form a ready-made library of components for the template design of user interfaces in the field of thyroidology (a field of medicine aimed at diagnosing and treating thyroid diseases) based on the experience gained in the development of several medical information systems for identifying thyroid diseases. Ensuring a conveyor mechanism for developing interfaces for medical information systems is possible only with specialized components of the tool based on a detailed understanding of the specifics of the actions of an endocrinologist. The components of the developed library cover up to 60 % of the component base of the interface of thyroidological systems, and are divided into several parts: for manipulating medical images and texts, annotating, creating input forms, working with tables of medical values, etc. The developed component library has been tested in the creation of intelligent information systems for the work of doctors of ultrasound and cytological diagnostics of thyroid diseases.
Development of the Web Application to Support the Process of Conducting Intellectual Games
Authors:   Nizhny Tagil State Socio-Pedagogical Institute (branch) of Federal State Autonomous educational institution ", Vaseva E. S. ,   Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University",   , Nizhny Tagil, 622031, Russian Federation, Shikhov D. A. ,   Nizhny Tagil State Socio-Pedagogical Institute (branch) of Federal State Autonomous educational institution "Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University", Nizhny Tagil, 622031, Russian Federation
Published: October 2024

The article discusses technologies for developing the web application designed to accompany the process of conducting an intellectual game in the format of an interactive quiz. An analysis of similar applications was carried out, which showed that none of them satisfies all the criteria essential in this situation. Requirements for the web application have been determined: the ability to create a library of quizzes, various types of questions, edit ready-made quizzes, participants enter answers through their devices online, award points for the correctness and speed of answers, display questions on the presenter's screen and on team devices, view intermediate and final results in the form of a list, returning participants to the game if necessary, saving the points received. The process of developing an optimized user interface using HTML, CSS, JavaScript, which allows users to interact with the web application, is described, the structure of the web application, the main forms of the administrator and game participants are presented. The server side of the application was developed using Node.JS technologies, including the Socket.io library, and the MongoDB database, the resulting collection of non-relational database is shown. To implement the functionality of the application pages, JavaScript was used; examples of codes are presented that implement the mechanism for connecting the presenter to the game, retrieving information from the database, recording the team's response, and awarding points for the correctness and speed of the response. The web application allows you to reduce the time spent by event organizers and participants and makes it possible to improve the organization of work in general. The presented web application for accompanying intellectual games was successfully approbated during events at the Nizhny Tagil State Social-Pedagogical Institute (branch) of the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University. The materials of the article can serve as practical recommendations for the development of such web applications to accompany intellectual games held in the format of interactive quizzes.
The Role of Machine-Readable Law Technologies in Ensuring the Stability of Public-Government Communication
Authors: Matyuk Yulia S.
Published: October 2024

The relevance of this study stems from the rapid pace of digitalization and the widespread adoption of innovative digital technologies, particularly in public administration, alongside the significant political and legal changes that have ensued. The transparency and clarity of procedures for governing interaction between citizens and the state are expected to bolster the support and approval of management decisions, thereby enhancing the stability of public-government communication. Machine-readable law technologies can serve as tools for regulating these relationships. This study aims to analyze the use of machine-readable law technologies to ensure the stability of public-government communication under modern conditions. While the advantages of these technologies in the legal field are evident, attention must be given to potential challenges and risks, such as ensuring the accessibility of legal text, maintaining transparency, and addressing personnel-related issues. This study concludes that the implementation of machine-readable law technologies must be conducted with deliberate caution, incorporating expert opinions, sociological studies, and other specialized assessments. Mechanisms of public control and oversight by the professional community must also be involved. A joint human-machine approach to governance appears most promising, as it substantially mitigates the identified risks.
Promising Directions for Modernizing Legal Regulations on Non-Custodial Sentences and Criminal Measures
Authors: Ovchinnikov Sergei N.
Published: October 2024

The reduction of criminal repression has gained recognition in modern criminal law, embraced not only by proponents of humanistic principles in criminal justice but also by advocates of a rationalistic approach to maintaining law and order in society and the state. A prevalent trend in modern penitentiary policy is the expansion of legal boundaries and practices involving criminal penalties and measures not involving the isolation of convicts from society. Strategic planning documents for the development of the penal system of the Russian Federation emphasize ongoing modernization efforts, particularly the adoption of alternative state coercive measures to imprisonment. However, an analysis of law enforcement practice reveals divergent trends that characterize the current state of penitentiary policy. Understanding these trends demands careful attention from the scientific community, legislators, and law enforcement authorities.
Principles Governing the Exercise of Discretionary Powers by Public Authorities: Systematic Structure and Constitutional-Legal Foundation
Authors: Radzhabova Elena A.
Published: October 2024

This study aims to substantiate the need to establish a modern system of principles for the implementation of the discretionary powers of public authorities as a fundamental element of their operational mechanism. This study provides an overview of the principles of the principles governing the exercise of discretionary powers, as outlined in international and national legal frameworks. Key principles such as the rule of law, legality, reasonable restraint, equality, legal certainty, objectivity, impartiality, and proportionality are identified, and their constitutional and legal interpretations are analyzed. Special attention should be given to the importance of constructing a coherent system of principles for exercising discretionary powers. The following classifications are proposed:
1) Fundamental principles: the rule of law and legality is of paramount importance in shaping the legal institution of discretionary powers;
2) General principles: proper use of discretionary powers, equality before the law, objectivity, impartiality, and reasonable timeframes;
3) Special principles: proportionality and constitutional restraint. In addition, the principle of prudentiality is highlighted as a distinct principle, despite its absence in national legislation, as it is applied in the practices of certain authorities. This study concludes that the formal legal establishment and practical application of the aforementioned principles not only share the nature and outcomes of interaction between public authorities but will also provide robust guarantees for the rights, freedoms, and legitimate interests of individuals and organizations, protecting them from abuse and arbitrariness
Current State and Emerging Trends in Financing Law Development
Authors: Karaseva Marina V.
Published: October 2024

The current state of financial law is primarily defined by its subject matter. In contemporary conditions, the subject of financial law has evolved significantly, driven by the active development of its structure and, most notably, the emergence of new financial and legal institutions within decentralized finance. These institutions include state and municipal unitary enterprises, state and municipal institutions, state corporations, and public law companies. The growth of decentralized finance has been a prominent trend in the modern era, with considerable potential for further expansion. Financial and legal regulations, in general, serve to safeguard the public interests of the state and municipalities. However, it is important to acknowledge that, with the expansion of decentralized finance, the subject of financial law, considered the most fundamental indicator of the current state of this legal branch, should be understood not only in terms of the financial activities of the state and municipalities but also concerning the financial activities of entities, including non-state actors, that are tasked with executing public functions.
Detectability of Varied Hybridization Scenarios Using Genome-Scale Hybrid Detection Methods
Authors: Bjorner Marianne B. , Molloy Erin K. , Dewey Colin N. , Solis-Lemus Claudia
Published: October 2024

Hybridization events complicate the accurate reconstruction of phylogenies, as they lead to patterns of genetic heritability that are unexpected under traditional, bifurcating models of species trees. This phenomenon has led to the development of methods to infer these varied hybridization events, both methods that reconstruct networks directly, as well as summary methods that predict individual hybridization events from a subset of taxa. However, a lack of empirical comparisons between methods – especially those pertaining to large networks with varied hybridization scenarios – hinders their practical use. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of popular summary methods: TICR, MSCquartets, HyDe, Patterson’s D-Statistic (ABBA-BABA), D3, and Dp. TICR and MSCquartets are based on quartet concordance factors gathered from gene tree topologies and HyDe, Patterson’s D-Statistic, D3, and Dp use site pattern frequencies to identify hybridization events between sets of three taxa. We then use simulated data to address questions of method accuracy and ideal use scenarios by testing methods against complex networks which depict gene flow events that differ in depth (timing), quantity (single vs. multiple, overlapping hybridizations), and rate of gene flow (γ). We find that deeper or multiple hybridization events may introduce noise and weaken the signal of hybridization, leading to higher relative false negative rates across all methods. Despite some forms of hybridization eluding quartet-based detection methods, MSCquartets displays high precision in most scenarios. While HyDe results in high false negative rates when tested on hybridizations involving extinct or unsampled ghost lineages, HyDe is the only method able to identify the direction of hybridization, distinguishing the source parental lineages from recipient hybrid lineages. Lastly, we test the methods on a dataset of ultraconserved elements from the bee subfamily Nomiinae, finding possible hybridization events between clades which correspond to regions of poor support in the species tree estimated in a previous study.
TÜRKİYE’DE COVİD-19 SÜRECİNDE KAMU VE ÖZEL SERMAYELİ BANKALARIN PİYASAYI FONLAMA DÜZEYLERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Aygün Davut , Suiçmez Davut Ali
Published: October 2024

Çalışmada covid-19 sürecinde Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren kamu ve özel sermayeli bankaların piyasayı fonlama düzeylerinin karşılaştırmalı incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Belirlenen amaca ulaşma adına covid-19 öncesi ve sonrasını içerecek şekilde 2018-2022 yılsonu mali verileri üzerinden kamu ve özel sermayeli mevduat bankalarından 3’er adet belirlenerek oluşturulan örneklem üzerinden çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Böylelikle kamuoyunda oluşan “Kamu bankaları piyasayı fonladı, kamu bankaları olmasaydı pandemide ekonomi yerle bir olurdu” iddiasının gerçekliği irdelenmiştir. Karşılaştırma; aktif büyüklük, nakdi krediler, mevduat ve dönem net karı kriterleri üzerinden yapılmış olup ayrıca, oran ve trend analizi ile süreçteki değişimler değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar kamu bankalarının bahse konu süreçte özel sermayeli bankalara göre aktif büyüklüklerini, nakdi kredilerini, mevduat toplamlarını daha fazla artırdıklarını, ancak karlılıklarının süreçte dalgalı seyrettiğini ve özel sermayeli bankalardan daha az kar ettiklerini ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar kamu bankalarının sıradan bir ticari banka gibi hareket etmek yerine zorlu ekonomik koşullarda piyasayı fonlamayı sürdürmeye devam ettiklerinin ve hükümetin belirlediği ekonomi politikaları doğrultusunda daha fazla risk almalarına rağmen daha az kar etmeye razı olduklarının bir göstergesi olması bağlamında önemlidir.
"Crowdsourcing sites" y nuevas formas de trabajo: el caso de Amazon Mechanical Turk
Authors:   Universitat Ramon Llull, Ginès Fabrellas Anna
Published: October 2024

El objeto del presente artículo es analizar las crowdsourcing sites o plataformas de crowdsourcing virtual -y, en concreto, el caso de Amazon Mechanical Turk-, para determinar si las nuevas formas de descentralización productiva aparecidas en la era digital, basadas en el crowdsourcing y la contratación on-demand de trabajadores autónomos para la realización de trabajos a distancia, encuentra encaje en el ordenamiento jurídicolaboral español.
Las cláusulas convencionales en materia de trabajo a distancia: contenido general y propuestas de mejora
Authors:   Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Mella Méndez Lourdes
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo examina las cláusulas convencionales españolas en materia de trabajo a distancia y teletrabajo, desde el punto de vista de su contenido. En general, dicho contenido es pobre y escaso, limitándose los sujetos negociadores a repetir las previsiones del Acuerdo marco europeo de teletrabajo de 2002 o del artículo 13 ET . Así las cosas, el autor propone nuevos puntos temáticos de interés sobre los que es necesario aportar soluciones en orden a garantizar la seguridad jurídica.
Eficiencia económica vs. Protección laboral: análisis a partir de la cláusula social
Authors:   Universidad de Alcalá, Ushakova Tatsiana
Published: October 2024

El presente estudio plantea el dilema “eficiencia económica versus protección laboral” a la luz del debate sobre la cláusula social. En este contexto, se analiza la contribución de la OIT y de la OMC al debate, se estudia la tipología de las cláusulas sociales y se esbozan los problemas de su aplicación. Dicho análisis se lleva a cabo teniendo en cuenta las últimas tendencias del panorama comercial actual que se caracteriza, entre otros aspectos,por la negociación y firma de acuerdos “megarregionales”.
Effectiveness of Content-Based Instruction (CBI) Model Based on Multimedia Presentations for Improving the Japanese Language Learning Outcomes of STIKES Bethesda Tomohon Students
Authors: Aror Susanti Chornelly , Kapoh Ruty Jacoba
Published: October 2024

This research aims to examine students' learning outcomes using the Content-Based Instruction (CBI) model facilitated by Multimedia Presentations, and to assess the efficiency of this approach in enhancing students' proficiency in Japanese. This study's background indicates that numerous students struggle with learning Japanese due to pedagogical approaches that prioritize memory and are predominantly traditional in nature. This research employs a pre-experimental design utilizing an Intact-Group Comparison methodology. Data acquisition Observation and test administration (Pretest-Posttest). Statistical analysis: Descriptive and inferential statistics. Forty pupils from STIKES BETHESDA were sampled. This study demonstrates that the Content-Based Instruction (CBI) learning approach utilizing Multimedia Presentations enhances Japanese language proficiency among students. The result is that the Content-Based Instruction (CBI) paradigm utilizing Multimedia Presentations is demonstrably beneficial in enhancing students' Japanese language learning outcomes.
PREDICTIVE FACTORS AFFECTING THE SUCCESS OF MEDICAL EXPULSIVE THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH DISTAL URETERAL STONE
Authors: Karamık Kaan , Anıl Hakan , İslamoğlu Ekrem
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to investigate the factors affecting spontaneous stone passing in patients who received medical expulsive therapy due to distal ureteral stones.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: From September 2022 to October 2023, a total of 148 patients with distal ureteral stones sized 4-10 mm were included. Patients received silodosin 4 mg as medical expulsive therapy and were followed up for a maximum of four weeks. The patient- and stone-related variables affecting spontaneous stone passage were evaluated.
RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 42.92±12.78 years. The stone expulsion rate was 64.2%. The rate of spontaneous stone passage was significantly higher in patients with lower stone size, stone burden, ureteral wall thickness, distance of the stone to the ureterovesical junction, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and hydronephrosis grade. (all, p<0.05). The distance of the stone to the ureterovesical junction, ureteral wall thickness, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were independent predictors of spontaneous passage (p:0.036, p:0.001, p:0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: The distance of stone to the ureterovesical junction, ureteral wall thickness, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio can be useful parameters to estimate spontaneous stone expulsion. These factors play important roles in decision-making for the management of distal ureteral stones.
WE HAVE MORE EVIDENCE THAN BEFORE; ULTRASONOGRAPHY IS A RELIABLE TOOL TO SHOW RIB FRACTURES
Authors: Topcuoğlu Elif Dilara , Uzunget Sinan Cem , Kaplan Tevfik , Ertürk Zamir Kemal , Ataç Gökçe Kaan
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the value of ultrasonography (US) by determining the inter-observer reliability on US evaluation of suspected rib fractures in blunt chest trauma.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 52 patients (32 males, 20 females) with a mean age of 48 years (18-95 years) who presented to the emergency department with blunt chest trauma and suspected rib fracture were included in the study. All patients were assessed with US by two radiologists (a senior radiologist with 20 years of US experience and a resident with one year of US experience) independently and chest x-rays were also evaluated.
RESULTS: Only two rib fractures were detected on chest x-rays. 22 fractures were detected from 19 patients with US by both radiologists. One rib fracture was noted only by the senior radiologist and not by the resident. Interobserver agreement was very good (kappa: 0.917) and statistically significant (p=0.002). All fractures were located at the bony portion of the rib and no fracture was found at the costal cartilage or costochondral junction.
CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that US is a highly reproducible diagnostic tool for rib fractures with very low inter-observer variability.