bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis PBL-STEM sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa pada Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati SMA/MA
Authors: Adisty Yuda , Manalu Kartika
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to create a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approach in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education, specifically in the field of Biology. The goal is to enhance students' creative thinking skills during the study of biodiversity. The Student Worksheets (LKPD) developed are intended to be valid, practical, and effective. This study involves research and development activities using the 4-D model consisting of defining, designing, developing, and disseminating stages. The research was conducted at Muhammadiyah 8 High School Kisaran during the academic year 2023/2024. Data collection was carried out using validation sheets, student questionnaires, and testing devices. Subsequently, data were collected using the N-Gain formula. The PBL-STEM based LKPD was deemed valid by media validators with 96% agreement, material validators with 89%, and instrument validators with 95%. Feasibility analysis showed that the PBL-STEM based LKPD produced is highly practical for student use, as evidenced by a high N-Gain score of 0.92. This study concludes that the developed PBL-STEM based LKPD is valid, practical, and useful in enhancing students' creative thinking abilities.
The Six Thinking Hats (STH) Strategy to Improve Students’ Speaking Achievement in Merdeka Curriculum
Authors: Mukhibbah Tefanya Laili , Rahayu Endang Mastuti
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to illustrate how the use of six thinking hats strategy to improve students' speaking achievement in Merdeka curriculum. Many students had difficulties speaking English because lacking self-confidence, lacked practice, and teacher not used learning strategies to attract students to learn to speak. In the Merdeka curriculum era, teacher must choose appropriate learning strategies for teaching speaking. One type of strategy was the six thinking hats strategy, because it could be interesting and encourage students to learn or practice speaking. This study was classroom action research. The research subject was the 10th grade of students at SMA 5 Wachid Hasyim Surabaya. Which consisted of 36 students. In this research, researchers used subjective tests, observation sheets, and questionnaires to collect data which were analyzed quantitative and descriptive qualitative. The results of the subjective test was 36 students got a score of 14% in the pre-test, 64% in cycle 1, 86% in cycle 2, these results showed that the students were able to improve their speaking achievement. The results of observational showed that six thinking hats was strategy used in learning to make students active. The results of the questionnaire showed that 50% of students agree with the six thinking hats strategy was an effective strategy for improving students' speaking achievement. The conclusion was that six thinking hats strategy can be used in teaching speaking, because students were more active in practicing speaking, fun and was a successful strategy to improving speaking achievement.
Breast Cancer and Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Prognosis
Authors: TOURE Alhassane Ismael , Diouf BATHILY Yaye Coumba , MIHIMIT Abdoulaye , BA Malick , CHERIF Hawaye , KEITA Mamady , BALDE Saikou yaya , TRAORE Bengaly
Published: July 2024

Objectives: To describe the epidemiological, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of pregnancy-associated breast cancer. Patients and Method: This was a one-year prospective study from 1 January to 31 December 2020 at the Joliot Curie Institute of the Aristide le Dantec Hospital, including all patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer during pregnancy or at 1 year postpartum during the study period. Results: Of 850 cases of breast cancer, 13 (1.5%) were associated with pregnancy, with an average age of 32 years. All our patients were diagnosed at an advanced stage, 46.2% at stage IIIB and 38% at stage IV. Invasive ductal carcinoma accounted for 92% of cases, with 84% SBRIII. They underwent primary chemotherapy with anthracyclines and taxanes and mastectomy. All pregnancies resulted in full-term delivery with an average birth weight of 3000 g, except for one case of late abortion and intrauterine growth retardation. Maternal prognosis was poor, with a 38% mortality rate. Conclusion: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in pregnant women. This study showed that it is diagnosed at an advanced stage, resulting in a poor prognosis with a 38% mortality rate at one year follow-up.
INVESTIGATION OF THE PREVALENCE OF FOREIGN BODY EXPOSURE TO THE EYES AND THE USE OF PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT IN THE EMPLOYEES OF THE ÇALI INDUSTRIAL ZONE
Authors: Ulutaş Hafize Gökben , Özdemir Levent , Amuk Hamidi Nagihan , Doğanay Derya , Duru Yusuf
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the prevalence of foreign bodies in the eyes of people working in the Bursa Çalı Industrial Zone. A survey was conducted to evaluate ocular foreign body exposures in workers working in Çalı Industrial Zone. The demographic characteristics of the participants, presence of foreign body exposure to the eye, use of protective goggles, and medical leave of absence were questioned. A total of 400 participants, 351 male (87.8%) and 49 females (12.2%), were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 36.92±10.27 years, and the average working time in the sector was 8.87±8.06 years. Of the 400 participants included in the study, 153 (38.3%) had a history of ocular foreign body exposure. While the most frequently exposed foreign body was metal burrs (83.7%), the most exposed workers were welders (85.5%). Those who reported that they constantly used protective goggles at work were 42.1%, and those who used them occasionally were 48.7%. Ocular foreign body exposure rates detected in that industrial zone were relatively high. Although the use of protective goggles is high, ocular injuries still suggest that personal protective equipment and its use should be more effective. Any eye trauma that is prevented will reduce suffering, hospital admission, loss of workforce/labor, and the burden on the health system and the economy.
Pengolahan Sampah Organik Menjadi Produk Cairan Multifungsi di Desa Ciseeng Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Suyana Hilma , Suhaeri  , Nuraga Budiman Andika
Published: June 2024

Desa Ciseeng berada di wilayah Kecamatan Ciseeng, Kabupaten Bogor. Jumlah penduduk Desa Ciseeng saat ini mencapai 8200 jiwa dengan 2800 kepala keluarga. Sebagian penduduk Desa Ciseeng berprofesi sebagai petani, pedagang, wiraswasta, PNS, dan karyawan baik di perusahaan swasta maupun pemerintah. Di mana sampah menjadi kendala bagi setiap rumah tangga dan permasalahan bagi desa. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh warga adalah tidak bisa mengolah sampah rumah tangga menjadi produk yang bermanfaat. Pada kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, penulis mengajukan untuk memberikan pelatihan kepada pengurus PKK bagaimana cara pengolahan sampah menjadi produk yang multifungsi. Bagaimana sampah rumah tangga dikelompokkan dan diolah dengan system ekoenzim dan menghasilkan cairan yang serba guna dan juga menjadi pupuk organik. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah pelatihan pembuatan ekoenzim di mana sampah organik dari rumah tangga yang ditambahkan gula merah dan air dan kemudian ditunggu lebih kurang 3 bulan, setelah itu cairan ekoenzim siap digunakan. Luaran dari PkM ini adalah publikasi ilmiah, HAKI dan peningkatan keterampilan ibu-ibu PKK menjadi lebih produktif dan membantu desa menanggulangi sampah
PENGARUH INTENSITAS PENGGUNAAN KOSMETIK TERHADAP KEPERCAYAAN DIRI PADA WANITA PEKERJA FRONTLINER DI KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Wilbert Agnes Nathania ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya, Effendy Nurlaila ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya
Published: July 2024

Wanita pekerja frontliner penting untuk memiliki kepercayaan diri terutama untuk berinteraksi dengan customer. Namun seringkali, sebagian besar dari frontliner tidak percaya diri karena penampilan fisik terutama pada wajahnya. Hal ini membuat individu memperbaiki penampilan fisiknya agar terlihat lebih cantik dan menawan dengan menggunakan bantuan kosmetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya pengaruh intensitas penggunaan kosmetik terhadap kepercayaan diri pada wanita pekerja frontliner di kota Surabaya. Teknik sampling yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dan snowball sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala intensitas penggunaan kosmetik berdasarkan empat aspek, yakni perhatian atau daya konsentrasi, durasi, frekuensi, dan penghayatan atau pemahaman. Pada skala kepercayaan diri berdasarkan lima aspek, yakni keyakinan akan kemampuan diri, optimis, obyektif, bertanggungjawab, dan rasional. Responden yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 164 dan kemudian dilakukan analisis menggunakan teknik statistika uji analisis regresi sederhana dengan bantuan SPSS for windows 16.0. Hasil dari analisis tersebut menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05, yang artinya ada pengaruh yang signifikan dan memiliki nilai positif antara intensitas penggunaan kosmetik dengan kepercayaan diri pada wanita pekerja frontliner di Kota Surabaya. Hal ini berarti dengan menggunakan kosmetik mampu meningkatkan kepercayaan diri oleh para frontliner. Penggunaan kosmetik menjadi bagian dari kebiasaan sehari-hari responden dalam pekerjaannya. Pengaruh yang signifikan berarti nilai positif, berarti semakin tinggi intensitas penggunaan kosmetik, maka semakin tinggi pula kepercayaan diri yang dimilikinya. Selain itu, terdapat sumbangan efektif pengaruh intensitas penggunaan kosmetik terhadap kepercayaan diri sebesar 11,5%.
PENGARUH GRATITUDE TERHADAP KECENDERUNGAN DEPRESI PADA MAHASISWA DI SURABAYA
Authors: Priyantono Ariel Benny ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya, Susilo Dicky , Mulya Happy Cahaya ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya
Published: July 2024

Kecenderungan depresi didefinisikan sebagai suatu pengalaman yang menyakitkan dengan perasaan kebahagiaan yang hilang dan dapat ditunjukan dengan gejala tertentu. Salah satu penyebab kecenderungan depresi adalah menurunnya gratitude atau rasa syukur yang dimiliki oleh seorang individu yang terdiri dari intencity, frequency, span dan dencity. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetauhi pengaruh dari gratitude terhadap kecenderungan depresi pada mahasiswa Surabaya. Peneliti menggunakan metode kuantitif dengan menyebarkan skala gratitude questionnaire 6 (GQ-6) dan depression anxiety stress scale 21 (DASS-21) yang peneliti susun dengan bantuan Google Form. Subjek yang menjadi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa strata satu berumur 18-25 tahun di Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan teknik analisa regresi sederhana dengan memakai bantuan aplikasi SPSS for Windows versi 25. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil adanya pengaruh signifikan antar variabel. Uji pengaruh pada penelitian ini digambarkan dengan sumbangan efektif sebesar 12.6% dan nilai sig, sebesar 0.000 (p < 0.05) dan nilai persamaan Y=41,274 – 0,449X. Berdasarkan persamaan regresi tersebut memperoleh arti bahwa setiap kenaikan 0,449 poin pada poin gratitude maka akan menurunkan 1 poin kecenderungan depresinya. Sebaliknya, setiap terdapat penurunan poin gratitude sebesar 0,449 poin maka akan menambahkan kenaikan 1 poin pada kecenderungan depresinya.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KARET PT. SUMBER LANCAR CEMERLANG MENJADI PRODUK ASPAL KARET
Authors: Hindarso Herman ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya, Epriliati Indah , Ayucitra Aning , Budi Gogot Setyo ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya
Published: July 2024

Proses produksi sarung tangan jenis telapak karet tebal (RPG/SAS) di PT. Sumber Lancar Cemerlang (PT. SLC) menghasilkan limbah berupa potongan sisa karet yang tidak digunakan sebanyak 15% dari bahan baku karet berupa lembaran (limbah karet yang dihasilkan sebanyak 3 ton/bulan) yang hingga saat ini belum dilakukan pengolahan dan tidak bisa dibuang langsung ke pembuangan akhir karena menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Permasalahan limbah karet ini dapat diatasi dengan cara mengolahnya tersebut menjadi produk yang berguna, yaitu aspal karet. Produk aspal karet ini digunakan sebagai bahan campuran pada pembuatan aspal konvensional dengan tujuan memperbaiki sifat produk aspal menjadi lengket, sehingga umur pakainya menjadi lebih lama. Pembuatan aspal karet ini menggunakan aditif karet dengan dosis penambahan sebesar 5 – 7 % dari berat aspal. Hasil kegiatan adalah didapatkannya produk aspal karet dengan metode cold mix (pencampuran antara limbah karet, pelarut pertasol, aspal dan kerikil tanpa pemanasan). Sebagai pembanding digunakan campuran yang terbuat dari karet, pertasol dan kerikil. Produk aspal karet dan campuran pembanding tersebut kemudian diuji coba pada lingkungan nyata di area mitra PT. SLC untuk menguji ketahanan dan kekuatannya. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan bahwa aspal karet dari campuran bahan aspal, karet, pertasol dan kerikil memiliki kekuatan dan daya tahan yang lebih baik daripada pembanding dengan campuran karet, pertasol dan kerikil (tanpa aspal).
تعليم اللغة العربية بإستحدام طريقة الحوار في المعهد الإسلامي "دار الفلاح الخامس" جوكير جومبانج
Authors: Santi Santi Dwi Fatmah , Abdul Qodir
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana proses pembelajaran bahasa arab dengan menggunakan metode hiwar di pondok pesantren Darul Falah 5 Cukir Jombang. Metode penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian: 1) Proses kegiatan pembelajaran bahasa arab dengan menggunakan metode hiwar di kelas wustho C Darul Falah 5 melalui tiga tahap kegiatan, yang pertama yaitu kegiatan pembuka yaitu membuka pelajaran dengan berdo’a bersama kemudian mengisi daftar hadir, yang kedua kegiatan inti yaitu pendidik membacakan tujuan pembelajaran dan apa saja yang akan dilakukan selama proses pembelajaran kemudian menjelaskan materi pelajaran, yang terakhir adalah kegiatan penutup yaitu pendidik meminta peserta didik untuk membuat rangkuman materi. 2) Faktor pendorong dalam proses pembelajaran bahasa arab dengan menggunakan metode hiwar yaitu adanya minat belajar peserta didik dalam mempelajari bahasa arab, adanya buku ajar yang digunakan sebagai buku pelajaran bahasa arab yang menerapkan metode hiwar dan adanya pendidik yang merupakan komponen pengajaran yang memegang peranan penting dan utama karena keberhasilan proses belajar mengajar sangat ditentukan oleh faktor pendidik, sedangkan faktor penghambat dalam pembelajaran bahasa arab yaitu kurangnya peserta didik tentang mufradat, kurangnya rasa percaya diri untuk mempraktikkan hiwar di depan teman-temannya, dan lingkungan madrasah memiliki pengaruh terhadap perkembangan kemampuan bercakap dalam bahasa arab.
تطبيق "طريقة المفتاح للعلوم" لتنمية القدرة على قراءة الكتاب الأصفر لدى الطلبة بمعهد تحفيظ القرآن سونان كيري سورابايا
Authors: Ni'ma Azza Muyassaroh  , Mu’at
Published: June 2024

Metode Al-Miftah Lil Ulum merupakan metode yang praktis untuk mempelajari ilmu nahwu dan shorrof serta ilmu kitab kuning, yang hanya menunjukkan poin-poin penting yang mendasar saja dan disertai dengan lagu dan skema yang familiar di telinga anak-anak yang bertujuan untuk memudahkan menghafal materi yang disajikan. Pondok Pesantren Tahfidzul Qur’an Sunan Giri Surabaya merupakan salah satu pesantren yang menerapkan metode Al-Miftah Lil Ulum dalam salah satu program pembelajarannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengungkap penerapan metode Al-Miftah Lil Ulum dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca Kitab Kuning di Pondok Pesantren Tahfidzul Qur’an Sunan Giri Surabaya, serta 2) mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan metode Al-Miftah Lil Ulum dalam penerapannya.Penelitian merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif, di mana sumber datanya terdiri dari sumber data primer dan sekunder, dengan tehnik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitiannya, yaitu: (1) penerapan metode Al-Miftah Lil Ulum di Pondok Pesantren tahfidzul Qur’an Sunan Giri Surabaya mempunyai beberapa komponen: a) yang mengikuti metode Al-Miftah Lil Ulum merupakan siswa kelas 2 madrasah diniyah, baik pagi maupun malam b) “kelas jilid” dilaksanakan pada semester pertama dan “kelas taqrib” dilaksanakan pada semester kedua c) langkah-langkah pembelajaran “metode Al-Miftah Lil Ulum” di Pondok Pesantren tahfidzul Qur’an Sunan Giri Surabaya mirip dengan langkah-langkah di Pondok Pesantren Sidogiri, tetapi di Pondok Pesantren tahfidzul Qur’an Sunan Giri Surabaya, “kelas jilid” dibagi menjadi tiga bagian sesuai dengan pemahaman siswa tentang masing-masing mata pelajaran, yakni: grup A, grup B, dan grup C. d) kegiatan pembelajaran madrasah diniyah  malam dilaksanakan selama 4 jam penuh di setiap malam, kecuali malam selasa dan jum’at, sedangkan kegiatan pembelajaran madrasah diniyah pagi hanya di dua jam pertama dari 4 jam kegiatan pembelajaran di setiap harinya. e) setelah lulus dari kelas “Al-Miftah Lil Ulum”, ada “kelas takhossus” yang dilaksanakan di kelas 3 madrasah diniyah. (2) kelebihan metode Al-miftah Lil Ulum di Pondok Pesantren tahfidzul Qur’an Sunan Giri Surabaya: mudah dipelajari bagi siswa, waktu belajar menjadi relatif singkat, siswa menjadi semangat, kemampuan membaca siswa meningkat dan belajar ilmu nahwu dan shorrof menjadi menyenangkan dan tidak seseram yang dibayangkan, sedangkan kekurangannya terletak pada bervariasinya IQ siswa, sehingga siswa yang IQ-nya lebih rendah akan tertinggal dengan siswa yang IQ-nya lebih tinggi, serta waktu belajar yang kurang maksimal.
Анализ изменений характеристик гравитационного поля Земли по данным космических миссий GRACE и GRACE FO
Authors: Ганагина Ирина Геннадьевна , Канушин Вадим Федорович , Голдобин Денис Николаевич
Published: July 2024

По данным динамических моделей гравитационного поля Земли (ГПЗ), созданных по результатам космической гравиметрической миссии Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), вычислены значения аномалий силы тяжести и высот квазигеоида на пунктах, расположенных на территории Новосибирской области. Результаты, полученные за двадцать лет работы проекта GRACE и его продолжения GRACE FO с 2002 по 2022 гг., позволяют проанализировать изменения характеристик ГПЗ. Максимальный диапазон вариаций аномалии силы тяжести по данным 77 сезонных моделей геопотенциала за исследуемый период составил 15,15 мкГал, минимальный диапазон ‒ 12,31 мкГал. Максимальный диапазон вариаций аномалии высоты по данным 77 сезонных моделей геопотенциала составил 16,40 мм, минимальный ‒ 15,72 мм. Максимальные значения изменений характеристик ГПЗ зафиксированы на пунктах, расположенных в южной части исследуемой территории. Выявлены некоторые сезонные закономерности изменений аномалий силы тяжести и аномалий высоты. В работе представлены графики изменений характеристик ГПЗ, позволяющие выявить динамику их вариаций и сделать предположения о взаимосвязи с сезонными природными процессами.
Алгоритм оценки точности полигональных TIN-поверхностей, получаемых из разреженных облаков точек
Authors: Выстрчил Михаил Георгиевич , Балтыжакова Татьяна Игоревна , Савина Анастасия Викторовна
Published: July 2024

В статье описан алгоритм программы оценки точности цифровых моделей рельефа, получаемых из данных фотограмметрических и лазерно-сканирующих съемок. Описываемый в работе подход, положенный в основу разработанной авторами программы, позволяет определить среднеквадратические погрешности (СКП) аппроксимации поверхностью нерегулярной триангуляционной сети (TIN) исходного облака точек как в области отдельного полигона, так и всей анализируемой модели рельефа, представляя результаты в удобных для последующего визуального и статистического анализа форматах. Вычисляемые параметры определяются на основе статистической обработки отклонений высотных отметок элементов исходного облака точек относительно рассматриваемой TIN-поверхности, позволяя тем самым количественно оценить приобретенную полигональной моделью СКП после редуцирования исходных данных. Предлагаемый алгоритм может применяться как в области научных исследований, посвященных вопросам разрежения и оптимизации данных дистанционного зондирования, так и при решении практических задач, позволяя минимизировать объем хранимой и обрабатываемой информации в выполняемых вычислениях.
Exploring Intention in Using Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard: Technology Acceptance Model Approach
Authors: Hartutik Hartutik , Aryani Dwi Nita , Maesarach R. Melda , Masruki Rosnia , Fauzan Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Purpose - This research examines the influence of people's intention to use QRIS by taking variables from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), namely perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived trust, attitude towards usage of QRIS and behavioral intention to use QRIS.
Methodology - This research method uses a quantitative approach with a sampling technique chosen through purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to QRIS users. Data analysis employed SmartPLS version 4 with a sample size of 100 respondents.
Findings - The results show a positive relationship but not a significant effect between perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on behavioral intention to use QRIS. Meanwhile, perceived trust and attitude towards usage of QRIS exhibited a positive relationship and had a significant effect.
Originality – Trust is an influential variable and plays a significant role in using a technology such as QRIS.
Formulasi Dan Evaluasi Fast Disintegrating Tablet (FDT) Dari Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi AC-DI-SOL Sebagai Superdisintegran
Authors: Kamalia Hasna , Noval Noval , Darsono Putri Vidiasari
Published: June 2024

Latar belakang: Salah satu faktor risiko yang dapat menyebabkan peningkatan angka kejadian morbiditas dan mortalitas penderita hipertensi adalah ketidakpatuhan pasien dalam meminum obat antihipertensi. Semakin bertambahnya usia terjadi penurunan fungsi lidah dalam mencapai tekanan otot untuk melakukan pergerakan yang efektif, sehingga dapat menyebabkan kesulitan menelan obat dalam bentuk sediaan padat. Hal ini dapat diatasi dengan sediaan FDT yang dapat hancur didalam mulut tanpa harus menggunakan bantuan air.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbandingan hasil evaluasi formulasi fast disengtengrating tablet daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi Ac-Di-sol dari sediaan fast desingtengriting tablet (Carica papaya L.)
Metode: Metode yang digunakan quasi experiment design dengan rancangan non equivalent control group dengan membandingkan hasil intervensi dengan suatu kelompok kontrol dari evaluasi formulasi.
Hasil:  Pada uji kekerasan tablet (hardness tester) didapatkan hasil signifikasi 0,17 < 0,05 yang artinya ada perbedaan kekerasan tablet pada semua formula. Pada uji kerapuhan (friability tester)  didapatkan hasil signifikasi didapatkan hasil I formula yaitu pada formula III dengan nilai signifikansi  (sig) 0,000 < 0,05 yang artinya data kerapuhan tidak menyebar normal pada semua formula. Pada waktu hancur didapatkan hasil signifikasi 0,027 < 0,05 yang artinya ada perbedaan pada pengujian waktu hancur tablet pada setiap formulasi. Pada uji waktu disintegrasi didapatkan hasil signifikasi 0,139 < 0,05 yang artinya adanya perbedaan pada setiap hasil disintegrasi pada semua formula. Pada uji waktu pembasahan didapatkan hasil signifikasi 1,7 < 0,05  yakni pada uji pembasahan bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu yang diperlukan tablet untuk dapat terbasahi oleh air. Maka dapat dikatakan hasil signifikasi adanya perbedaan pada setiap formulasi.
Kesimpulan:  Berdasarkan hasil uji organoleptis yang didapat adalah semua formulasi tablet yang dihasilkan memiliki warna coklat, dengan rasa yang pahit, berbau  mint dan ekstrak pepaya dan bentuknya bulat. Kombinasi dari perbandingan konsentrasi Ac-Di-Sol dan Manitol memiliki pengaruh dari evaluasi kerapuhan, kekerasan, waktu disintegrasi dan waktu pembasahan pada Fast Disintegrating Tablet Ekstrak daun papaya (Carica papaya L.) Formulasi III dengan 5 mg Ac-Di-Sol merupakan formulasi paling optimal pada Fast Disintegrating Tablet Ekstrak daun papaya (Carica papaya L.).
Key decision factors of professional stakeholders (architects, engineers, constructors) when deciding for sustainable construction
Authors: Primožič Lea , Kutnar Andreja
Published: July 2024

The built environment and the construction industry account for a significant share of global harmful emissions. Sustainable construction appears to be an effective strategy to achieve a more sustainable society, although it is still not used enough. It is crucial to understand what the main decision factors of those deciding about building practices are. Professional stakeholders such as architects, engineers, constructors, are the ones advising consumers and deciding about construction. An understanding about their decision factors is needed, in order to increase the implementation of sustainable construction. In this study we provide evidence about key decision factors of professional stakeholders in Slovenia when deciding for sustainable construction practices. By conducting an online survey (questionnaire) we identified and analyzed the main drivers and barriers of professionals when making decisions about sustainable construction solutions. With statistical analysis we found out that professional stakeholders included in the survey mostly already had previous experiences working with sustainable construction. They are familiar with sustainable construction concepts. The most important drivers were connected to the factor of occupant health, and the energy-efficiency of the buildings, while the biggest barrier in their decision making is related to higher cost of sustainable construction and lack of awareness. Professional stakeholders are concerned about climate change and their attitudes towards climate change are affecting their decision related to sustainable construction. Respondent provided many comments, clearly indicating that a simple definition of sustainable construction is needed, and more efforts should be done to raise awareness about sustainable construction. Results are contributing valuable information for professional stakeholders, policymakers and other important stakeholders in the construction ecosystem.
1H-Pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, a quorum sensing inhibitor from one endophytic fungus in Areca catechu L., acts as antibiotic accelerant against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Liu Junsheng , Wang Zhennan , Zeng Yuexiang , Wang Wei , Tang Shi , Jia Aiqun
Published: July 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa has already been stipulated as a “critical” pathogen, emphasizing the urgent need for researching and developing novel antibacterial agents due to multidrug resistance. Bacterial biofilm formation facilitates cystic fibrosis development and restricts the antibacterial potential of many current antibiotics. The capacity of P. aeruginosa to form biofilms and resist antibiotics is closely correlated with quorum sensing (QS). Bacterial QS is being contemplated as a promising target for developing novel antibacterial agents. QS inhibitors are a promising strategy for treating chronic infections. This study reported that the active compound PT22 (1H-pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic acid) isolated from Perenniporia tephropora FF2, one endophytic fungus from Areca catechu L., presents QS inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa. Combined with gentamycin or piperacillin, PT22 functions as a novel antibiotic accelerant against P. aeruginosa. PT22 (0.50 mg/mL, 0.75 mg/mL, and 1.00 mg/mL) reduces the production of QS-related virulence factors, such as pyocyanin and rhamnolipid, and inhibits biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa PAO1 instead of affecting its growth. The architectural disruption of the biofilms was confirmed by visualization through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) indicated that PT22 significantly attenuated the expression of QS-related genes followed by docking analysis of molecules against QS activator proteins. PT22 dramatically increased the survival rate of Galleria mellonella. PT22 combined with gentamycin or piperacillin presents significant inhibition of biofilm formation and eradication of mature biofilm compared to monotherapy, which was also confirmed by visualization through SEM and CLSM. After being treated with PT22 combined with gentamycin or piperacillin, the survival rates of G. mellonella were significantly increased compared to those of monotherapy. PT22 significantly enhanced the susceptibility of gentamycin and piperacillin against P. aeruginosa PAO1. Our results suggest that PT22 from P. tephropora FF2 as a potent QS inhibitor is a candidate antibiotic accelerant to combat the antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa.
Evaluation and forewarning of the resource and environmental carrying capacity from the perspective of pressure-support-adjustment: a case study of Yichang city, China
Authors: Peng Ying , Zhu Zhanglin , Tan Xingyu , Liu Xian , Liao Jiayun , Xiang Luojing , Wu Feng
Published: July 2024

Resources and the environment are essential for socioeconomic development. A scientific and reasonable evaluation and forewarning of the resource and environmental carrying capacity (RECC) is of great significance for regional sustainable development. Although great progress has made in existing research on RECC, there is still no consensus on the definition, evaluation and forewarning method for RECC. Therefore, this study introduced the novel concepts of pressure, support and adjustment, proposed a theoretical framework of RECC reflecting the interaction between the above three, constructed a new evaluation index system of RECC, evaluated RECC based on the ratio method, identified important influencing factors using obstacle model, and put forward the hierarchical forewarning method of RECC with the threshold of 1. Finally, a case demonstration in regard to Yichang city, with a prominent ecological and economic status as the location of China’s Three Gorges Project, was conducted. The results revealed that: 1) The average pressure, support, and adjustment exhibited overall upward trends. The pressure and adjustment increased from west to east, while the support of central districts was relatively lower. 2) The RECC of Yichang city and counties improved from 2016 to 2021, increasing from west to east, and the differences in the RECC of various counties were remarkable but gradually shrank. 3) The RECC of Yichang city remained at the Non-Alert Level. The number of counties with RECC values at Alert Level II decreased from two to zero, and the number of counties at the Non-Alert Level increased from eight to ten. Xiaoting and Zhijiang, with more RECC values at Alert Level II, should receive more attention. This study is expected to enrich the methodology of RECC evaluation and forewarning, and provide possible implications for economic development and environmental protection planning in Yichang and other cities of the same type.
Applications of the Fourier neural operator in a regional ocean modeling and prediction
Authors: Choi Byoung-Ju , Jin Hong Sung , Lkhagvasuren Bataa
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we apply the Fourier neural operator (FNO) paradigm to ocean circulation and prediction problems. We aim to show that the complicated non-linear dynamics of an ocean circulation can be captured by a flexible, efficient, and expressive structure of the FNO networks. The machine learning model (FNO3D and the recurrent FNO2D networks) trained by simulated data as well as real data takes spatiotemporal input and predicts future ocean states (sea surface current and sea surface height). For this, the double gyre ocean circulation model driven by stochastic wind stress is considered to represent an ideal ocean circulation. In order to generate the training and test data that exhibits rich spatiotemporal variability, the initial states are perturbed by Gaussian random fields. Experimental results confirm that the trained models yield satisfactory prediction accuracy for both types of FNO models in this case. Second, as the training set, we used the HYCOM reanalysis data in a regional ocean. FNO2D experiments demonstrated that the 5-day input to 5-day prediction yields the averaged root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 5.0 cm/s, 6.7 cm/s, 7.9 cm/s, 8.9 cm/s, and 9.4 cm/s in surface current, calculated consecutively for each day, in a regional ocean circulation of the East/Japan Sea. Similarly, the RMSEs for sea surface height were 2.3 cm, 3.5 cm, 4.2 cm, 4.6 cm, and 4.9 cm, for each day. We also trained the model with 15-day input and 10-day prediction, resulting in comparable performance. Extensive numerical tests show that, once learned, the resolution-free FNO model instantly forecasts the ocean states and can be used as an alternative fast solver in various inference algorithms.
Causal relationship between gut microbiota and pathological scars: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Shucheng Huidi , Li Jiaqi , Liu Yu-ling , Chen Xinghan , Jiang Xian
Published: July 2024

Background

Pathological scars, including keloids and hypertrophic scars, represent a significant dermatological challenge, and emerging evidence suggests a potential role for the gut microbiota in this process.

Methods

Utilizing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology, this study meticulously analyzed data from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) relevant to the gut microbiota, keloids, and hypertrophic scars. The integrity and reliability of the results were rigorously evaluated through sensitivity, heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and directionality analyses.

Results

By employing inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, our findings revealed a causal influence of five bacterial taxa on keloid formation: class Melainabacteria, class Negativicutes, order Selenomonadales, family XIII, and genus Coprococcus2. Seven gut microbiota have been identified as having causal relationships with hypertrophic scars: class Alphaproteobacteria, family Clostridiaceae1, family Desulfovibrionaceae, genus Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group, genus Eubacterium fissicatena group, genus Erysipelotrichaceae UCG003 and genus Subdoligranulum. Additional sensitivity analyses further validated the robustness of the associations above.

Conclusion

Overall, our MR analysis supports the hypothesis that gut microbiota is causally linked to pathological scar formation, providing pivotal insights for future mechanistic and clinical research in this domain.
Sustained corneal nerve loss predicts the development of diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ponirakis Georgios , Al-Janahi Ibrahim , Elgassim Einas , Homssi Moayad , Petropoulos Ioannis N. , Gad Hoda , Khan Adnan , Zaghloul Hadeel B. , Ali Hamda , Siddique Mashhood A. , Mohamed Fatima F. S. , Ahmed Lina H. M. , Dakroury Youssra , El Shewehy Abeer M. M. , Saeid Ruba , Mahjoub Fadwa , Al-Thani Shaikha N. , Ahmed Farheen , Hussein Rawan , Mahmoud Salah , Hadid Nebras H. , Al Obaidan Aisha , Salivon Iuliia , Mahfoud Ziyad R. , Zirie Mahmoud A. , Al-Ansari Yousuf , Atkin Stephen L. , Malik Rayaz A.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

This study was undertaken to investigate whether sustained rather than a single measure of corneal nerve loss was associated with the onset of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and the progression of neuropathic symptoms and deficits in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods

Participants underwent clinical, metabolic testing and assessment of neuropathic symptoms, vibration perception threshold (VPT), sudomotor function, and corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) at baseline, 1, 2, and 4–7 years. Sustained corneal nerve loss was defined as abnormal corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD, <24 fibers/mm2), corneal nerve branch density (CNBD, <21 branches/mm2), and corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL, <16 mm/mm2) persisting for ≥50% of the study duration.

Results

A total of 107 participants with a mean duration of T2D of 13.3 ± 7.3 years, aged 54.8 ± 8.5 years, underwent baseline and follow-up assessments over a median duration of 4 years, ranging from 1 to 7 years. The DPN prevalence at baseline was 18/107 (16.8%), and of the 89 participants without DPN at baseline, 13 (14.6%) developed DPN during follow-up. Approximately half of the cohort had sustained corneal nerve damage, and corneal nerve measures were significantly lower in this group than those without sustained damage (p < 0.0001). Sustained corneal nerve damage was associated with the development of DPN (p < 0.0001), a progressive loss of vibration perception (p ≤ 0.05), an increased incidence of burning pain, numbness, or a combination of both (p = 0.01–0.001), and a borderline association with progressive sudomotor dysfunction (p = 0.07). Sustained abnormal CNFL effectively distinguished between participants who developed DPN and those who did not (AUC: 76.3, 95% CI: 65.9–86.8%, p < 0.0001), while baseline and other sustained measures did not predict DPN onset.

Conclusion

Sustained abnormal CCM is associated with more severe corneal nerve damage, DPN development, and the progression of neuropathic symptoms and deficits. Regular CCM monitoring may enable the identification of those at greater risk of developing and worsening DPN who may benefit from more aggressive risk factor reduction.
Unveiling the profound influence of sucralose on metabolism and its role in shaping obesity trends
Authors: Singh S Ankul , Singh Srishti , Begum Rukaiah Fatma , Vijayan Sukanya , Vellapandian Chitra
Published: July 2024

Artificial sweeteners, prominently exemplified by sucralose, have become pervasive in contemporary diets, prompting intriguing questions about their impact on metabolism and their potential role in the unfolding trends of obesity. Covering topics from its discovery to analytical methods for detection and determination in food samples, the manuscript scrutinizes the metabolic effects of sucralose. Notably, the association between sucralose intake and obesity is examined, challenging the conventional belief of its role in weight management. The document comprehensively examines in vivo studies, revealing sucralose's implications on insulin resistance, gut microbiota, and metabolic syndrome, providing a nuanced comprehension of its impact on human health. Additionally, it explores sucralose's effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, blood pressure, and cardiovascular health, underscoring its possible involvement in malignancy development. The review concludes with a call for increased public awareness, education, and updated dietary guidelines to help individuals make informed choices about sweetener consumption. The future perspectives section highlights the need for longitudinal studies, exploring alternative sweeteners, and refining acceptable daily intake limits to ensure public health recommendations align with evolving regulatory guidelines. Overall, the manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of sucralose's multifaceted impact on health, urging further research and a balanced perspective on sweetener consumption.
Attrition from care and its predictors among women exposed to dolutegravir- and efavirenz-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia: a before-and-after study
Authors: Facha Wolde , Tadesse Takele , Wolka Eskinder , Astatkie Ayalew
Published: July 2024

Background

The effect of dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimens on reducing attrition from care among women enrolled in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) care program is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the incidence of attrition among women exposed to DTG-based with those exposed to efavirenz (EFV)-based first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Ethiopia.

Methods

An uncontrolled before-and-after study was conducted involving 932 women (with 466 on EFV-based and 466 on DTG-based regimens) who were enrolled in the PMTCT care program from September 2015 to February 2023. The outcome variable was attrition (i.e., maternal death or loss to follow-up before their infants' final HIV status was determined). A Kaplan–Meier estimator was employed to estimate the probability of attrition. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was fitted to identify predictor variables. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to examine the risk difference in the comparison groups.

Results

The cumulative incidence of attrition among women was 5.2% (3.0% for those placed in the DTG-based regimen arm and 7.3% for those placed in the EFV-based regimen arm). Women on DTG-based regimens had a 57% (aHR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.23–0.80) lower risk of attrition from care compared to those on EFV-based regimens. Women who delivered their infants at home (aHR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.14–4.85), had poor/fair adherence (aHR: 3.23; 95% CI: 1.62–6.45), had unsuppressed/unknown viral load status (aHR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.42–4.79), and did not disclose their status to partners (aHR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.34–4.92) had a higher risk of attrition from PMTCT care compared to their counterparts.

Conclusion

The cumulative incidence of attrition among women receiving PMTCT care is optimal. In addition, the risk of attrition among women receiving DTG-based regimens is lower than that among women receiving EFV-based regimens. Thus, DTG-based first-line ART regimen supplementation should be sustained to achieve a national retention target of 95% and above.
Effect of partial substitution of wheat flour with freeze-dried olive pomace on the technological, nutritional, and sensory properties of bread
Authors: Dahdah Patricia , Cabizza Roberto , Farbo Maria Grazia , Fadda Costantino , Del Caro Alessandra , Montanari Luigi , Hassoun Georges , Piga Antonio
Published: July 2024

In the last years, olive pomace, a by-product of olive oil extraction, has shown great interest. The work aims to valorize the olive pomace of two Sardinian olive cultivars, Bosana and Semidana, by incorporating them into the formulation of functional baked products to improve their nutritional value. The freeze-dried pomace of the two varieties has been used to substitute the type 00 flour in percentages of 1, 2, and 3% (w/w). The olive pomace was characterized by macro-composition analysis, while the bread samples were characterized for their proximate, physical, technological, sensory characteristics and shelf life. The specific volume of fortified samples decreased significantly compared to the control, while antioxidant activity, and nutritional parameters were significantly improved using olive pomace. Moreover, fortified samples showed a reduction of browning and whiteness indices with respect to control. Textural profile analysis showed a firmer product, compared to the control, with higher levels of olive pomace which also positively affected the cell size distribution in the crumb. Sensorially, consumers were mostly appealed by the 1% levels of substitution of olive pomace, in particular that of the Bosana. Hardness of all samples increased significantly along 7 days of storage thus resulting in a shelf life of less than 3 days. Therefore, it can be concluded that the incorporation of olive pomace, especially at low levels (1%), into white bread significantly improves the nutritional and sensorial quality of bread without significantly affecting its technological properties.
Molecular prevalence, subtype distribution, and zoonotic potential of Blastocystis sp. in wild rodents and shrews inhabiting Zhejiang province of China
Authors: Wang Jiayan , Wang Yiqing , Huang Wenwen , Zhang Ting , Yu Kuai , Chen Jiani , Zhou Liyuting , Cao Wenjie , Xu Junchen , Ma Jianshe , Huang Huicong , Zhao Wei
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Globally, rodents and shrew populations constitute crucial elements of diverse environments and animal communities. It is imperative to study their population dynamics to mitigate any potential negative impact on humans, as they can be involved in the transmission of critical zoonotic agents, such as Blastocystis. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence and genetic composition of Blastocystis in wild rodents and shrews residing in the Zhejiang provinces of China.

Methods

A total of 652 wild rodents and and shrews were captured from three different regions in Zhejiang Province from April 1st to October 31, 2023. The DNA was isolated by collecting fresh feces from the intestines of each rodent or and shrew. Rodent and shrew species were examined by vertebrate cytochrome b (cytb) analysis and PCR amplification. Blastocystis was also found in all fecal samples using PCR analysis and sequencing of the partial small subunit of ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene.

Results

Among all the samples, 6.6% (43/652) showed a positive result for Blastocystis. In the results, 6 species of rodent and shrew were identified with Blastocystis, including Apodemus agrarius (n = 36) (2.8%), Niviventer confucianus (n = 75) (17.3%), Rattus losea (n = 18) (5.6%), R. norvegicus (n = 155) (2.6%), R. tanezumi (n = 86) (3.5%), and Suncus murinus (n = 282) (7.4%). The existence of 6 Blastocystis subtypes, ST4 (n = 33), ST1 (4), ST7 (n = 3), ST2 (n = 1), ST3 (n = 1), and ST5 (n = 1), were confirmed by sequence analysis.

Discussion

Based on the molecular data obtained, the wild rodents and shrews under investigation were found to be concurrently infected with zoonotic subtypes of Blastocystis, including ST1 to ST5 and ST7. This suggests that these animals could potentially pose a zoonotic threat to humans and other animals susceptible to Blastocystis infection.
Improved Multi-Body Dynamic Simulation of Landing Gear Drop Test Incorporating Structural Flexibility and Bearing Contact
Authors: Liu Wenbin , Wang Youshan
Published: July 2024

The investigation of multi-body dynamics (MBD) modeling for landing gear drop tests is a hot topic in the realm of landing gear design. The current results were primarily focused on the multi-rigid body simulation or a simple multi-flexible body simulation, with little regard for the correctness of longitudinal loads and their experimental confirmation, particularly wheel–axle loads. Based on a genuine oleo-pneumatic landing gear drop test of a large civil aircraft, enhanced multi-body dynamics simulation research is carried out, considering the structural flexibility and bearing support by adopting flexible multi-bodies modeling and rigid-flex coupling contacts. When compared to the test data, which purposefully measured the longitudinal wheel–axle loads, the simulation results show that the loads, shock absorber compression, and shock absorber inner pressures are all within good agreement. Furthermore, the influence of structural stiffness and bearing contact was investigated by adjusting the model settings to confirm their importance.