bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Specter of Marxism in Contemporary Philosophy
Authors: Lind Andreas Gonçalves , Batista Ricardo Barroso
Published: August 2024

In Jean-Paul Sartre’s 1960 declaration that Marxism was the “unsurpassable philosophy of our time,” he acknowledged the relationship between the Marxist interpretation of history and an existentialist philosophy focused on the individual’s subjective experience. However, in the decades since Sartre’s assertion, the philosophical landscape has undergone significant transformations. The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the subsequent collapse of the Soviet Union seemed to mark the final triumph of liberal capitalism over socialist alternatives. At the same time, the rise of postmodernism in philosophy casted doubts on the grand universal narratives that supported Marxism. Postmodern theorists argued that these overarching meta-narratives were intrinsically totalizing and oppressive, thereby suppressing diversity and plurality. Despite these challenges, Marx’s influence persists, often in complex and mediated ways. Paul Ricœur sees Marx as the first “master of suspicion,” who continues to be relevant (alongside Nietzsche and Freud). These thinkers have taught us to question superficial appearances and unearth the hidden forces and motivations shaping our social and psychic lives. Marx’s analysis of the operations of capitalism, his critique of ideology, and his view of class struggle as the engine of history continue to resonate, even as the details of his theory are disputed. Indeed, as Jacques Derrida argues, Marx remains present even in our attempts to surpass him. The language and concepts of Marxism have infiltrated modern discourse so deeply that we cannot simply dismiss them. Instead, we are haunted by the specters of Marx, which continue to haunt us and demand our attention. Even those who reject Marxism often engage with it, defining their positions in opposition to it.
Twenty-Five Theses on the Task of the Translator: With, against, and beyond Walter Benjamin
Authors: Susen Simon
Published: August 2024

The main purpose of this paper is to reflect on processes of translation. To this end, it is divided into two parts. The first part provides an in-depth analysis of the central claims made by Walter Benjamin in his seminal essay “The Task of the Translator” (1986 [1968/1955/1923]), also known as “The Translator’s Task” (1997 [1923] & 2021 [2000/1923]), originally published in 1923 under the title “Die Aufgabe des Übersetzers” (1992 [1923]). The paper argues that these claims can be presented, and partially revised, in the form of twenty-five theses. The second part examines some controversial issues arising from the preceding theses. As demonstrated in this section, the careful evaluation of Benjamin’s perspective permits us to shed new light on key issues faced by philosophical and sociological approaches to translation. The paper concludes by suggesting that the critical engagement with the task of the translator illustrates that “trans-ineffability” (that is, the fact that not everything can be expressed “in” language just as not everything can be rendered intelligible “across” languages) is a challenging, but ultimately enriching and empowering, part of the human condition.
«È più facile immaginare la fine del mondo che la fine del capitalismo». Mark Fisher e lo spettro del marxismo
Authors: Di Chiro Antonio
Published: August 2024

In this paper I will attempt to reconstruct Mark Fisher’s theoretical path, his analysis of capitalism and his revival of marxism. Therefore, I will focus in the first part of the essay on Fisher’s text, Capitalist Realism, to examine the structural features of today’s capitalism and, in a second part, on Fisher’s 2016 lectures and conferences at Goldsmiths University in London, in which the libidinal link between desire and capitalism is investigated. Finally, I will analyze Fisher’s other writings in which he tries to develop a series of strategies to exorcise the fear that a revolt against the lack of economic, social and cultural alternatives that torment our present is impossible. The purpose of this article is to emphasize how the originality of Fisher’s interpretation of marxism lies in his awareness of shaping new political subjects, forms of social aggregation and new cultural and libidinal structures removed from the dominance of capitalist realism, eschewing easy solutions that appeal to spontaneity and nostalgic vagueness anchored in a rhetoric of failure and defeat.
Lo que Marx “dio a pensar” a Ricœur con la metáfora de la cámara oscura
Authors: Montoya Jaramillo Ana Lucía
Published: August 2024

This article explores the intellectual relationship between Paul Ricœur and Karl Marx, focusing on the metaphor of the camera obscura used by Marx to describe ideology in The German Ideology. It provides an overview of Ricœur’s significant references to Marx, which began with a critical appropriation of Marxism in an attempt to reconcile it with a Christian worldview, continuing throughout the 1960s and beyond with the exploration of concepts such as “false consciousness” and ideology. After this overview, the article examines three presuppositions inherent in this metaphor, which implies an inversion of reality. First, it analyzes the notion of “false consciousness” within Ricœur’s hermeneutics, situating Marx among the “masters of suspicion.” Second, the article examines the conditions that make this inversion of reality possible, framed within Ricœur’s broader examination of ideology and the symbolic constitution of the social bond. Third, it discusses the idea of an original state to which one can return by reversing the inversion, drawing parallels with Husserl’s method of retrospective questioning applied to Marx’s reduction in The German Ideology. The metaphor of the camera obscura illustrates the complex relationships between reality and its distorted representations. The discussion around the metaphor used by Marx leads Ricœur to underline the fundamental role of imagination to broaden understanding and overcome interpretative reductionisms.
Sinisation of Marxist Epistemology: Feng Qi’s Dialectical Transformation from Knowledge to Wisdom
Authors: Rošker Jana S.
Published: August 2024

The present article introduces the theory of knowledge of the modern Chinese philosopher Feng Qi (1915–95), who is known as both an explorer of old, and a creator of new systems of comprehension. Although he was a versatile theorist and thinker, he saw epistemology as both the core and mainspring of all his theoretical endeavours. Already before the establishment of the P.R. China, he published his first epistemological thesis under the title On Wisdom and consequently, he never completely abandoned this topic, even though he explored it through the lens of his manifold other interests that were connected with both, traditional Chinese, as well as with Western (including Marxist and neo-Marxist) philosophy. This paper will center its focus on his dialectical exploration of the conversion of knowledge into wisdom, a concept he formulated within the boundaries of his coined “expanded epistemology.” The article expounds on the reasons and methods through which this theory not only addressed epistemological concerns but also entailed ontological and metaphysical dimensions.
Crépuscule d’une idole. Une critique nietzschéenne du marxisme
Authors: Valadier Paul
Published: August 2024

Nietzsche is an excellent antidote to Marxism-Leninism, which dominated much of the political life in some countries and philosophy during the 20th century. Indeed, it shows that this ideology has remained a prisoner of a will to believe that it thought it was getting rid of. Much more enlightening for our present, Nietzsche’s philosophy can help us to think for ourselves, without locking ourselves into frameworks of thought that have become foreign to us and that can lead to the worst misinterpretations.
The Class Foundations of Anti-Marxism Today: Why the Specter Persists
Authors: McDermott Joshua Lew
Published: August 2024

This article argues that dominant social thought is rooted in the material interests of the capitalist class, taking serious Marx’s maxim that “the ideas of the ruling class are in every epoch the ruling ideas.” The article identifies three broad tendencies within dominant thought, namely: centrist liberalism, postmodern leftism, and neo-fascist reactionary thought. The article goes on to identify the correlation between each of these tendencies’ inherent anti-Marxism with the ruling class location of each tendency’s primary proponents. In so doing, the article also offers an elucidation of the basic philosophical and political program of the Marxist tradition, highlighting why dialectical materialism remains applicable, convincing, and alluring today.
Karl Marx and Alasdair MacIntyre. What Telos? Whose Good?
Authors: Rouard Christophe
Published: August 2024

Alasdair MacIntyre’s relationship to Karl Marx and Marxism has been and remains fundamental in his work. Drawing on a number of important MacIntyrean texts, this paper shows how it has animated his Marxist early years, how it has been a crucial element in the epistemological crisis he experienced and how it has left him an important legacy. At the heart of the history of this relationship are the question of truth, the problematics of the right telos of human action, of the achievement of the individual and common goods, of the desires, the role of the critique of both the capitalist system and the Marxist politics. Understanding how MacIntyre positioned himself in relation to all these issues helps us to understand the reasons that led him to switch from a Marxist to an Aristotelian narrative. Key concepts of Marx and the Marxist tradition find a new life today in the now Aristotelian-Thomist thought of Alasdair MacIntyre.
A Insuficiência da Equivalência na Tradução
Authors: Uribe Íris Fátima da Silva
Published: August 2024

This article explores the concept of equivalence in translation in the context of Francesca Ervas’ book, Uguale ma diverso. Il mito dell’equivalenza nella traduzione. The aim is to demonstrate that equivalence in translation is insufficient because it fails to account for human understanding of others and the world. To understand the breadth of this concept, three fundamental questions were analyzed: what is a translation? What is the relationship that is maintained with the so-called “original”? What exactly is this relationship? To answer these questions, it is necessary to analyze the various ways of talking about equivalence. Considering that both the origins of the concept of equivalence and the challenges posed by translation suggest the need for an analysis of the concept’s limitations, a new understanding of its meaning can only contribute to philosophical debates on translation when this insufficiency is rethought.
Near Infra Red Imaging (NIFI): a non-invasive, effective and reproducible technology to identify Parathyroid Gland during Thyroid Surgery
Authors: Singh Mandeep
Published: August 2024

The number of thyroid surgeries especially due to malignant indications has risen in past few decades in India as well as across the globe. The most common complication after Total Thyroidectomy is hypocalcemia from hypoparathyroidism which occurs majorly due to inadvertent removal of parathyroid glands (PGs) or injury leading to devascularization of PG. Post surgery hypocalcaemia (PSH) is assessed by evaluating the value of post-surgery 24-48 hr Serum Calcium level. Majority of times the PSH is transient, it recovers in few weeks to months, only if it persists for > 6 months it is labelled as permanent hypocalcemia. According to literature incidence of transient and permanent PSH is 20–35 % and 1–10%, respectively. PSH is symptomatic and sometimes morbid. It can only be prevented/decreased by early identification and preservation of PGs. The standard methodology is visual analysis of surgical field by operating surgeon. PGs are small in size, with colour similar to brown fat and their position in thyroid bed is also not consistent. They are difficult to identify and success in this method depends on the experience of operating team. This study evaluates the use Near Infra- Red Imaging during thyroidectomy to preserve the PG based on its inherent autofluorescence. PG, when viewed through Near Infra-Red Imaging (NIFI), at wavelength of 785 nm, there is a spontaneous and immediate emission of fluorescent light at 820–830 nm from PGs which is 2- to 11-fold enhanced signal over that of the surrounding tissue. The study consists of 7 patients who underwent Total or Completion Thyroid surgeries with use of NIFI along with review of literature. All the seven patients did not experience PSH and in one patient Intrathyroidal PG was identified with thyroid gland in-situ. The study advocates the use of NIFI to make thyroid surgery safer.
Challenges with Systems Level Recovery Transformation in Westernized Cultures: Inpatient Psychiatric Settings in Public Mental Health and Avenues for Hope and Change
Authors: Carr Erika
Published: August 2024

There has been much written now in the field on recovery-oriented care, its empirical impact, and the need for systems transformation for working with those with serious mental illness across the globe. However, there is still a dearth of that systems level recovery transformation occurring within inpatient settings, as opposed to outpatient, in public mental health and effectively, as the literature reflects. There are even questions of whether it is possible to engage in systems level recovery transformation within inpatient settings that are so structured and set in form, while there is more evidence of recovery transformation systemwide within outpatient services in mental health. This article highlights challenges for recovery-oriented systems change and how inpatient psychiatric settings within public mental health may be experienced, including issues of power and control, violation of basic human rights, racist experiences and overuse of seclusion and restraints for patients with racial minority identities, exacerbation of intersecting oppressive experiences, challenges with civil commitment and conservatorship, arbitrary and inhumane rules, and a strong focus still on diagnosis, medications and symptom amelioration. Despite barriers this article advocates for continuing hope and effort into providing systems level recovery transformation and discusses mechanisms of change in the direction of that transformative process for systems and providers to engage. Such mechanisms include involving senior administration and others throughout systems towards this overall goal and effective manners of collaborative change across disciplines. The article details those skillful systems change strategies in leadership and practical applications to help systems conceptualize how they may make such transformation.
Glycemic Index of Vidavance ® , a High Protein and High Fiber Oral Snack Replacement Therapy for Diabetes Patients
Authors: Sabharwal Dr. Mudit
Published: August 2024

Background: Food products with a low Glycemic index (GI) and low Glycemic load (GL) help control blood glucose levels, reduce risk of diabetes related morbidity and mortality. Vidavance ® , an oral nutritional supplement (ONS; Signutra Inc) has high quality protein blend (soy protein isolate, calcium caseinate), dietary fiber (polydextrose, soy fiber), maltodextrin, chromium and zinc, which are known to influence blood glucose control. Aim: To determine the GI and GL of the Vidavance ® in 31 people with diabetes (PD) aged 18 to 60 years, with fasting blood glucose (FBG) >120 mg / dL. Methodology: The study participants consumed reference food (27.5 g of glucose monohydrate dissolved in 125 ml of water) followed by three days washout period. Then Vidavance ® test dose (53 g available carbohydrate/100 gm) was given as 47.1.g of ONS mixed in 100 ml water and to make up 390 ml). Continue Glucose Monitoring (CGM) reading was taken at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after the start of the test meal. The GI was assessed using a validated protocol by FAO and ISO (2010). Results: 30 participants completed the study, 55.2 ± 13.0 years.). The GI of the test food (Vidavance ® ) was 30.57 (low GI). No hyperglycemic events were observed during the study. The GI value was not influenced by age (years), sex, previous day’s dietary intake [energy (kcal), and physical activity level. The GL of the test food was 3.85 (low GL). Conclusion: Vidavance ® is a low GI and low GL ONS and hence suitable for diabetic subjects.
Strategies for Effective Crisis Management in Healthcare Systems: Patient Safety and Lessons Learned
Authors: Paul Jijo
Published: August 2024

Objective: United States healthcare systems faced enormous pressure from the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis, and such scenarios may arise again at any time in the future, so an appropriate crisis action plan should be ready to face them effectively. This study explores the significance of crisis management in healthcare organizations and explains some of the foremost institutional best practices to preserve their reputations in the community. Moreover, the study aimed to detail various strategies targeted for effective crisis management in healthcare organizations to overcome the issues caused by the pandemic. Methods: A literature survey was conducted using a comprehensive search in PubMed, Research Gate, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The gathered articles underwent double screening processes, and the eligible articles were included in this study to formulate this review. Broad search terms were used to find relevant literature articles, including the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare, crisis, business strategies, and patient safety. Results: Major healthcare systems in the United States had a proper crisis management plan to continue departmental clinical operations while upholding basic principles. The healthcare organizations acknowledged the crisis, approached it responsibly, and overcame it by reformulating appropriate crisis management plans. Clear communication, delegation, and sustainability were the basic principles held by the institutions in managing crises and serving communities. Crisis team leaders developed intranet pages for fast communication and conducted electronic discussion boards and virtual town hall meetings. They were Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed (RACI) approaches to manage the crisis by focusing on society, people, and sustainability. Conclusion: A time-sensitive crisis management plan is critical for every institution's reputation and survival since they face unexpected issues, threats, risks, and crises from time to time. The best strategies/ practices for effective crisis management may include bold decisions, well-outlined policies, planning, informing stakeholders in time, and taking rapid action to avoid a disaster. Organizations must establish suitable crisis management teams, well-structured strategic plans, communication channels, implementation procedures, and evaluation methods to overcome a crisis.
Tackling Diabetes in a Whole of Society Approach: Challenges, progress, and opportunities in the Pacific Island countries.
Authors: Win Tin Si Thu , Na’ati Elisiva , Kubuabola Ilisapeci , Tekiang Tanieru , Ravuvu Amerita
Published: August 2024

Diabetes is an indiscriminate killer and disproportionately affects the world’s most vulnerable populations in the Pacific region. There have been several declarations aimed at tackling diabetes through engaging civil societies given that they are more influential in shaping the lives of people in the communities. Despite civil societies are gaining attention as important stakeholders in tackling diabetes and involving in health promotion initiatives in some Pacific Island countries, they are still largely absent from the decision-making process and coordination roles. Ensuring a collaborative approach that involves civil societies and engages them through truly inclusive processes in planning, implementation, and policymaking to prevent and control diabetes at the national level remains challenging. The Pacific region should take its unique opportunities such as the existing strong networks of civil societies, churches, women, and youth, and empower them to be at the centre of national efforts in fighting against the interconnected health, social and environmental determinants of diabetes. This article highlights to invest additional resources in engaging and mobilising civil society organizations which will meaningfully contribute to creating healthier environments to become healthier communities and enhance diabetes prevention and management efforts across the Pacific.
Free Radicals and Antioxidants: A new Paradigm has emerged
Authors: Weissig Volkmar
Published: August 2024

Despite the tremendous progress Redox Biology has made since the turn of the century, several misconceptions about free radicals with Reactive Oxygen Species most prominently among them and about their neutralization by antioxidants still seem to permeate the literature and common thinking as well: First, all Reactive Oxygen Species are toxic byproducts of mitochondrial respiration and as such cause oxidative damage to biological macromolecules. Second, fundamental differences in terms of reactivity and stability between Reactive Oxygen Species are generally neglected and they are widely still being treated as one chemical entity. Third, mitochondria are the major source of toxic Reactive Oxygen Species and fourth, low-molecular weight natural or synthetic antioxidants scavenge free radicals and thereby diminish oxidative damage. This review will debunk these four faulty assumptions, critically address the failure of large-scale clinical trials involving low-molecular weight antioxidants and subsequently propose a new mechanism of action underlying the undisputable health benefits of nutritional antioxidants in fruits and vegetables. In summary, it will be shown that data published during the last two decades by leading investigators in the field of Redox Biology provide the ground for a paradigm change regarding free radicals and antioxidants in human health and disease.
How was the first genetic system established? Top-down? or Bottom-up?
Authors: Ikehara Kenji
Published: August 2024

What is necessary to elucidate the origin of life, is to make clear establishment process of the first genetic system composed of gene, tRNA (genetic code) and protein. Two ideas, RNA world hypothesis and [GADV]-protein world hypothesis or GADV hypothesis, have been proposed to elucidate the origin of life through making clear the establishment process of the genetic system. In the RNA world hypothesis, it is considered that the genetic system was formed in order of gene, tRNA (genetic code) and protein along the flow of gene expression or in a “top-down manner”. Contrary to that, the GADV hypothesis is an idea that the genetic system was formed in order of protein, tRNA (genetic code) and gene as going against the flow of gene expression or in a “bottom-up manner”. It was investigated which one is valid for explaining formation process of the first genetic system. Consequently, it has been concluded that the origin of life cannot be made clear by the RNA world hypothesis or in the “top-down manner”. On the other hand, it has been confirmed that the process from chemical evolution to emergence of the first life can be reasonably explained according to the GADV hypothesis or in the “bottom-up manner”.
Technique selection in transfemoral amputation surgery – an interview study among surgeons
Authors: Schelhaas Reslin , Kammen Klaske , Dekker Rienk , Houdijk Han , Vries Jean-Paul , Jutte Paul , Geertzen Jan
Published: August 2024

Background: In transfemoral amputation surgery, two surgical techniques can be used to secure the transected muscles in the residual limb: myodesis and myoplasty. A scientific basis for determining which surgical technique to use is still lacking. Furthermore, little is known about the circumstances in which surgeons select one technique over the other and the reasons behind their choices. Therefore, this qualitative interview study aims to explore the current practices, influencing factors and decision-making in surgical technique selection in transfemoral amputation surgery. Methods: Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted with vascular, orthopedic, and trauma surgeons. Recruitment was purposefully aiming to include surgeons with varying age, gender, surgical specialism, workplace and nationality. Data was analyzed using the Applied Thematic Analysis approach. Results: Twenty-three surgeons were interviewed. Variation was found in the way surgeons described and applied myodesis and myoplasty. Differences existed for example in which muscles were reattached, how these muscles were reattached, and the position of the hip during muscle fixation. Myodesis was mainly chosen for its potential favorable outcomes, like preventing femur deviation and improving function, while myoplasty was often chosen for practical reasons, like sticking to what was learned, reducing the number of surgical actions involved and minimizing operation time. Moreover, conflicting perspectives existed about the possible advantages and disadvantages of both techniques and whether or not to use a myodesis in the older, more fragile patients. The lack of research and patient follow-ups were mentioned to influence technique selection, along with factors such as the personal experience and training of the surgeon, surgical practices of peers, observed outcomes and patient feedback, and the characteristics of the treated patient population. Conclusion: This research reveals great variation in technique descriptions and surgical practices in transfemoral amputation surgery. Surgeons have diverse opinions and rationales for the use of myodesis and myoplasty, reflecting varying approaches and preferences in their clinical practice. The findings underscore the lack of evidence to support current choices in surgical technique selection in transfemoral amputation surgery and highlight the need for further research on the advantages and disadvantages of both techniques to provide surgeons with evidence-based recommendations.
Treatment and Reconstruction in Necrotizing Fasciitis: Our Clinical Approach
Authors: Ulukaya Huseyin , Ozturk Sabri , Cerikan Murat , Mahmutoglu Saruhan , Sevim Kamuran
Published: August 2024

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare but serious soft tissue infection that is often life-threatening. This infection is caused by various bacteria and spreads rapidly into deeper tissues. It usually starts with a small wound or cut in the skin and can progress very rapidly, leading to extensive tissue destruction, systemic toxicity and ultimately very high mortality rates. Aims: This article will focus on the strategies we apply in clinical practice to prevent and manage necrotizing fasciitis. Methods: Patients admitted to our clinic between January 2014 and December 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Individuals whose initial diagnosis and treatment were from an external center and those with a follow-up period of less than six months after treatment were excluded from the study. This article included 127 patients. They were evaluated in terms of epidemiology, demographic characteristics, treatment timing, reconstruction options, return to daily life and complications. Results: Necrotizing fasciitis was observed in the perineum in 92 cases, in the lower extremities in 22 cases, in the upper extremities in 7 cases and in the inguinal region in 6 cases out of 127 patients. The average laboratory risk indicator for necrotising fasciitis (LRINEC) score was 6.7. All patients underwent debridement after diagnosis. Reconstruction was not started until the LRINEC score was below 4 and culture negativity was achieved. As a reconstruction method, skin graft was used in 48 patients, local fasciocutaneous flap in 29 patients, medial circumflex femoral artery flap in 27 patients, free anterolateral thigh flap in 7 patients, singapore flap in 6 patients, scrotal advancement flap in 6 patients and pedicled anterolateral thigh flap in 4 patients. Partial flap loss occurred in 4 patients and surgical site infection occurred in 21 patients. There were no major complications. After reconstruction, the mean time to return to daily life was 14.3 days. Conclusion: These results show that the need for surgical intervention in the treatment of necrotizing fasciitis varies according to the site of infection and the type of microorganism. Demographic factors had no significant effect on the number of surgical debridements. These findings may provide important clues to guide clinical practice and optimize treatment protocols.
Karila et al Editorial 2024
Authors: Karila Tuomo
Published: August 2024

The authors are named as inventors on patents FI129515B and U.S. Patent No. 11,793,779 both of which were filed by Salarusta Ltd, these patents are related to this work and the patents cover the use of a substance on a treatment of arthritis. The authors have an ownership interest in Salarusta Ltd Oy. The authors have no other competing interests such as relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. This includes employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, grants, or patents received or pending, or royalties.
Care after colorectal cancer surgery: the case for nurse-led outpatient clinics
Authors: Rosenberg Jacob , Sørensen Camilla , Oggesen Birthe
Published: August 2024

Late complications following colorectal cancer surgery are prevalent, with over 50% of patients experiencing bowel and stool symptoms, up to 70% facing urinary dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction affecting 76% of men and 56% of women. Additionally, 24-39% of patients report depressive symptoms within the first year post-surgery. Traditional physician-led outpatient care models often fail to address the multifaceted needs of these patients, focusing primarily on recurrence detection. In contrast, nurse-led clinics, which are gaining popularity in various areas of cancer care, offer a holistic approach that encompasses both physiological and psychosocial support. We established a specialized nurse-led outpatient clinic for managing late complications after colorectal and anal cancer surgeries. Our model empowers specialized nurses to diagnose and treat a wide range of symptoms independently, involving physicians only when necessary. This nurse-led approach leverages the unique strengths of nursing practice, including empathy, patient education, and comprehensive symptom management, to support patients' transition to a "new normal" post-surgery. Nurses in our clinic follow treatment algorithms for common symptoms and consult with medical specialists for complex or unresponsive cases. The nurse-led clinic model enhances patient satisfaction, quality of life, and healthcare resource efficiency. However, challenges such as defining the scope of practice, ensuring adequate training, and integrating this model into existing healthcare systems must be addressed. Our experience suggests that this model can be broadly adopted across other healthcare areas. Future research should focus on evaluating long-term outcomes and strategies for broader implementation. In conclusion, integrating nurse-led consultations within a collaborative framework that includes doctors for specialized interventions represents a progressive approach to postoperative care for colorectal and anal cancer patients. This model promises to improve patient outcomes, satisfaction, and healthcare resource optimization by leveraging the holistic care approach of nurses alongside the specialized expertise of doctors.
The correlation between Australian Excess Deaths by State and Booster Vaccinations
Authors: Allen David
Published: August 2024

The study explores the relationship by Australia State between COVID Booster Vaccinations and excess deaths. There is evidence of a very strong correlation in ordinary least squares regression analysis. Cross-validation tests support the strength of the regression relationship. The results suggest that it would be worthwhile to explore these associations in greater depth as it is an important public health issue.
Sex-Specific Disparities in Sleep Duration: Impact of Children on Parents - A Comparative Study
Authors: Sullivan Kelly
Published: August 2024

Background: Insufficient sleep or rest is a risk factors for cognitive impairment, reduced quality of life, mood disorders and impaired ability to fight infection. Objectives: To examine and compare socio-demographic correlates of short sleep duration and insufficient rest among men and women, using a large, nationally-representative sample. Methods: A cross-sectional examination was conducted using 2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data (a nationwide telephone-administered survey). Multivariable linear and logistic regressions, incorporating survey weights, were used to estimate the sex-specific association of socio-demographic characteristics with sleep duration and frequency of feeling unrested. Results: Among men (N=2,897), longer sleep duration was associated with higher education (p=0.0002) and snoring (p=0.02); among women (N=2,908), having children was inversely associated with sleep duration (p=0.002), while being unemployed (p=0.009) and having a higher household income (p=0.03) were associated with longer duration. Among women aged ≤45 years, the only variable associated with insufficient sleep duration was having children in the household, with each child increasing the odds by nearly 50% (95% CI=1.14, 1.87), an association absent among men (95% CI=0.62-1.43) Conclusions: Factors associated with insufficient sleep and feeling unrested differed by sex, with children adversely affecting women’s sleep duration, particularly among those 45 years of age or younger.
Coping Strategies and Support Systems among Psychiatrists and Trainees Following Patient Suicide
Authors: Barman Rajdip , Kablinger Anita
Published: August 2024

Background & Aims: Patient suicide, an unpredictable experience in a psychiatrist’s career, precipitates a wide range of emotions. Trainees in the earlier part of their career may be affected differently than the practicing psychiatrists. Our objective was to assess the variety of coping strategies and support systems of psychiatrists and trainees in the aftermath of patient suicide. Methods: Assessing coping mechanisms and support measures were part of a preliminary study on stress and trauma-related symptoms in psychiatrists and trainees. In this cross-sectional study, data were obtained by sending an online survey to randomly selected residency/fellowship programs and practicing psychiatrists across the United States. The Brief COPE inventory measured various coping strategies, and self-reported questionnaires assessed support measures. Results: Among 2/3 of the participants (N= 509) who experienced patient suicide, to cope with the trauma, the majority (>80%) used acceptance, followed by emotional and instrumental support, reframing, planning, active coping, religious help, self-blame, and distraction. A significantly higher proportion (p< 0.05) of trainees tried behavioral disengagement, positive reframing, and denial as major coping strategies. Both groups derived the most support from colleagues, family, and friends. Likely due to imminent availability, a higher number of trainees benefited from their supervisors and psychiatrists from family. Conclusions: Creating a safe and reliable supportive environment in institutions, preparing clinicians for pre- and post-event consequences, and providing training through a structured curriculum may help future generations maximize coping strategies following patient suicide.
The Niacin Rebirth: Revisiting the Potential of Nicotinic Acid Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease and Niacin Supplementation for Healthy Aging
Authors: Keenan Joseph
Published: August 2024

The aging of the global population and the associated increase in chronic disease burden requires a paradigm shift in how we care for older adults, one that could benefit from exploring a return to nicotinic acid (NA) therapy for dyslipidemia management and niacin supplementation to support healthy aging. Despite the exceptional benefits NA demonstrated in the Coronary Drug Project for improving dyslipidemia, reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD), and enhancing longevity, it has since experienced a significant decline in usage. Several factors have contributed to this decline, including poor dosing and side effect management by providers; poor outcomes of subsequent trials that combined NA with statin drugs that, in retrospect, have been attributed to poor study design; and, a faulty meta-analysis that concluded NA did not significantly reduce CVD. In addition, recent research reveals statins increase the risk of dementia in older persons, and providers are urged to look for alternative ways to manage dyslipidemia. One alternative is NA. This review explains the factors that led to the decline in NA use, provides an overview of the lipid and non-lipid effects of niacin (as NA or nicotinamide) for treating dyslipidemia and other age-related diseases, describes clinical protocols that promote efficacy and patient compliance, and identifies other factors that may contribute to a revival of niacin usage, or a “Niacin Rebirth.”
Human genetic defects and misinterpreted pharmacological data indicate that Crohn disease is consequent to a mycobacterial infection.
Authors: Greenstein Robert
Published: August 2024

For more than a century, there has been controversy whether Crohn’s disease is a cryptic zoonotic mycobacterial infection. In this manuscript we address two, usually ignored, critical elements that suggest that this concern is probably correct. First: human genetic defects identified in Crohn’s disease are associated with increased susceptibility to mycobacterial infections. Second: multiple pharmaceutical agents that are used in Crohn’s disease are misnamed. Many “anti-inflammatories” and “immune modulator” medications have dose dependent inhibition of mycobacteria in culture. Accordingly, their primary mechanism of action are as antimycobacterial antibiotics. Failure to incorporate these data renders all previous antibiotic studies in Crohn’s disease irrevocably flawed. Finally, incorporating these genetic and antibiotic data, we suggest the necessary clinical studies to address the hypothesis that Crohn’s diseases is a zoonotic infection.
Review of Noncompaction cardiomyopathy in children –an underestimated Incidence.
Authors: Karim Tahmina
Published: August 2024

Noncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM) is a heterogenous disorder and third most common cardiomyopathy in children.IT is characterized by hyper trabeculation, commonly hypothesized due to an arrest in compaction during fetal development. Since 1984 its first description by EngberdIng et al. NCCM has been labeled with several names over 35yearsthat includes—spongy myocardium, left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC), Left ventricular hyper trabeculation (LVHT). In the year 2006, the American Heart Association classified NCCM as a distinct form of cardiomyopathy (CMP). NCCM is a rare cardiac disease with an estimated incidence of 0.12 per 100.000 in children up to the age of 10. In children NCCM is more frequently familial than when diagnosed in adulthood and is associated with other congenital heart diseases (CHDs), other genetic CMPs, and neuromuscular diseases (NMDs). Diagnostic challenges made it underestimated incidence. It may be due to non-uniform diagnostic criteria, unawareness, presumed other CMPs, and presence of CHD. NCCM can be asymptomatic to various presentation like heart failure, arrhythmia thromboembolic events, either as individual or in combination. Specific Treatment strategy has not yet established, nevertheless and, betablocker, ACEI or ARB might lead to remodeling of Left ventricular function (LV), In addition to state-of-the-art review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis, Phenotypes, aetiology, genetics, clinical presentation, outcome, and advancement in therapeutic options of NCCM in pediatric patients- fetuses to children. Furthermore, we provide a simple classification of different forms of disease. Finally long-term outcomes and future perspective are described.
Review: Ageing, Health and Macroalgae
Authors: Panchal Sunil , Brown Lindsay
Published: August 2024

Maintaining health during ageing has become a major public health initiative as the proportion of the world’s population aged over 65 years has increased markedly. Macroalgae have been incorporated in the diet for generations, especially in East Asia. Nutritional changes to include macroalgae may provide possibilities for interventions to prevent or reverse the hallmarks of ageing. Their potential to assist in healthy ageing relies on their complex composition including carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, vitamins, fibre and secondary metabolites such as phlorotannins, oxylipins and terpenoids. However, most studies are in animal models with few studies examining the responses in humans to long-term intake. Likely mechanisms of action include reversal of chronic inflammation and gut dysbiosis as part of the changes during ageing. There is now a wide range of foods that incorporate macroalgae, including bread, noodles, yogurt, gluten-free products, and meat and seafood products. Key future priorities with macroalgae include increasing the range of species available for human consumption, defining the health benefits in humans and domestic animals, improving accessibility and decreasing the risk of toxicity from pollutants. Further, health may be improved by indirect effects including wastewater remediation, production of bioenergy and biofertilisers, and decreasing methane production by ruminants. These uses also increase knowledge of macroalgal biology, especially the use ofmolecular engineering techniques to increase sustainable macroalgal biomass production. Keywords: Healthy ageing, macroalgae, seaweeds, inflammation, gut microbiota
Reducing the Financial Burden of Prolonged Therapy in Advanced/Metastatic Lung Cancer, Saving Methodology
Authors: Guirgis Helmy
Published: August 2024

Value of the monoclonal antibodies (MABs) and targeted therapy (TT) have been extensively addressed in advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (a/d-NSCLC). Costs, however, have been largely overlooked. The MABs were approved at 2-year- overall survival and (TT) at 3-year- survival. The TT is currently continued as long as efficacious and safe. Drug costs were proportional to duration of therapy (Guirgis, ESMED, 2024). There is a pressing need for cost cutting and saving methodology, fair, voluntary and equitable for patients and pharma. Our purpose: A- Demonstrate the unnecessarily high cost of MABs 3 rd year in a/d-NSCLC. B- Pay in full payment the 1 st - TT 3-years but reduce by 50% the cost of the 4 th year and throughout the entire course. Methods MABs costs were calculated as dose in mg x United States price x number of years and TT as the monthly optimal dose x 12 x duration of use. Results The median yearly cost of 5-MABs was $163,640. In view of overall survival outcome, the 2-year $327,2802 cost was justified. However, the 3- year $490,920 cost was considered unnecessary due to lack of further survival improvement. 2 The annual TT median cost was $229,600, 4- years $918,400 and the 10- years $2,296,000. Treatment of 1,000 patients in the United States by all TT for 4-years would cost $918,400,000 and in Europe 2,000 patients would mount to $1,836,800,000. Costs continue to multiply with every extended year. Applying a 50% reduction to the 4 th year of $229,600, the potential saving was $114,800. The 4-year total payments would be $229,600 x 3 + $114,800 = $803,600, instead of $918,400. The 10-year $2,296,000 cost would drop to $1,492,400. Conclusion In a/d-NSCLC, a 3 rd year-MABs cost was considered unnecessary due to lack of further survival improvement. A 50% reduction of TT annual costs beginning the 4 th -year and throughout the course would significantly attenuate the heavy financial burden of prolonged use.
Advances in Human Genome Resolution: The Role of Pan-Genomic Strategies and Fine-Tuning Pre-trained Genomic Models
Authors: Liu Lei
Published: August 2024

The groundbreaking theory of DNA double helix structure has greatly promoted the development of molecular genetics, shaping and refining the genetic central dogma, thus enabling researchers to explore genotype-phenotype regulation at different levels. In particular, with the continued advancement of third-generation sequencing technology, an increasing number of highly accurate human genomes have been assembled, such as T2T-CHM13 and HG002. These high-quality genome sequences not only provide a more comprehensive human reference sequence, but also enable functional genomics studies within a unified coordinate system. To better explore and resolve the complex genetic information encompassed within human genome sequences, scientists have proposed novel research strategies, involving graphical pan-genome and pre-trained genomic models. The graphical pan-genomes provide population- level high-quality references, revealing the genomic diversity within populations and exploring the sequence complexity of specific regions, such as the KIR immune region. Concurrently, related studies of pre-trained models within the human genome offer new perspectives for interpreting sequence functions and delving into the hidden genetic codes, potentially leading to complete DNA decoding. Overall, graphical pan-genome and pre-trained genomic models represent two crucial strategies in genomics research, which will provide more new insights and make greater breakthroughs in the human genome. Together, these approaches have deepened our understanding of the human genome, fostered the development of bioinformatics ecosystems, and will contribute to the establishment and improvement of the entire field. Therefore, this review focuses on DNA sequencing, human genome assembly, high-quality pan-genome and pre-trained genomic large language models (LLMs), highlighting and summarizing the latest achievements and progress in human genome research, discussing existing challenges and providing future perspectives.