bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modified Building Shapes for Reducing Vibrations of Tall Building
Authors: You Ki Pyo , Kim Young Moon , You Jang Youl
Published: December 2013

To investigate the aerodynamic method for reducing motion induced vortex excitation as well as the galloping and torsional flutter of a tall building, We conducted wind tunnel tests on a tall building having a rectangular cross-section with a side ratio, D/B of 4.0 and aspect ratio of 10.0. Three aeroelastic building models were constructed to assess the effect of modified building shapes on the reduction of these vibrations. One is a plain model and the others are the shape-modified versions of the plain model, in which one has chamfered corners and the other has two openings at the top level. Experimental results showed that the chamfered model was more effective than model with the opening in reducing the above-mentioned types of vibrations, especially in motion induced vortex excitation, but not in reducing torsional vibration when the reduced velocity is high. Increasing the damping ratio might not be effective in reducing the bending and torsional vibrations of both the chamfered model and the model with openings when the reduced velocity is high.
Generation of Uniform Diameter Micro-Bubbles Using a Piezo-Vibration Assisted Capillary Nozzle
Authors: Kurumi Satoshi , Suzuki Kaoru , Shiono Mitsuhiro , Miura Hikaru , Ono Takashi , Tanabe Mitsuaki , Yoshida Koji , Kimura Motoaki , Lee Hwa Soo , Umemura Yasuhiro
Published: December 2013

In this study, we generated the uniform diameter micro-bubbles using a piezo-vibration assisted capillary nozzle for apply the nano/micro bubbles device use. The capillary nozzle (diameter: 35 μm) was fabricated by FIB technique, and attached with piezo-device as micro bubbles generator. The fabricated piezo-nozzle showed inflective movement, whose displacement amount was about 3 μm. Micro bubbles were not able to generate from capillary nozzle without piezo-vibration, while micro bubbles, whose diameter was in the range of 20 μm to 21 μm, could be generated from the capillary nozzle with piezo-vibration.
The Design Method of V-Tooth Coupling
Authors: Lei Dun Cai , Tang Jin Yuan
Published: December 2013

A lecture on the method to compute the the stress of V-tooth coupling under the actual operating conditions. the finite element analysis model of V-tooth coupling under the preload, axial load and torsion was established by used of the software ABAQUS,and the distribution of the bending stress at the root was obtained. The analytical method to compute the bending stress of V-tooth disk is deduced based on the basic principle of material mechanics, and the relative error within 10% compared with the results of finite element analysis.The paper work provide the reference for the precision design of V-tooth coupling.
Effects of a Keyway Broaching Machine Craft Parameters and Structural Parameters on Keyway Broaching Precision
Authors: Di Shuan Hu , Tang Jin Yuan
Published: December 2013

The 3D geometric model was established based on working principle of a new keyway broaching machine. The horizontal deformation of drawing knife blade in working stroke is analyzed by the finite element software ABAQUS. The research which effect law of the feed, structural sizes of cutter rod and sizes of cutter guiding rod on position deformation of broaching blade in working stroke given quantitative relationship between parameters of processing craft and structure and cutting precision. The selection method and way of processing parameters and structural parameters to improve broaching precision of keyway broaching machine are obtained. The research work provides relevant technological basis for the design of high precision keyway broaching machine.
Comparative Study on the Reynolds Shear Stress in CTAC Drag-Reducing Flow by Experiment and DNS
Authors: Gu Wei Guo , Wang De Zhong
Published: December 2013

In this paper, both experimental and numerical studies were carried out for fully developed water and CTAC solution channel flows in order to understand the different distribution of Reynolds shear stress appeared in experiments and DNS. Quadrant analysis were carried out according to the categorization of turbulent fluid motions. The studies indicates that the elastic force of the additives' structures will cause the fluids moving back and forth in the wall-normal direction in experiment and the symmetric distribution of Reynolds shear stress in all quadrants. However, Giesekus model in DNS only applies the elastic force inhibiting the transverse fluctuations.
Electron-Ion-Plasma Modification of the Surface Layer of Silumin
Authors: Ivanov Yurii F. , Petrikova Elizaveta A. , Teresov Anton D. , Moskvin Pavel
Published: December 2013

Combined treatment including vacuum arc deposition a hard nanocrystalline TiCuN coating followed by electron-beam treatment has been carried out in the present work. The structure and phase composition of surface layer have been studied by scanning and diffraction transmission electron microscopy. The modes of treatment leading to a dramatic improvement of microhardness and wear-resistance of modified material have been determined. It has been established that the combined treatment results in microscopic delamination of the silumin by elements and an interlayer of thickness ~20 nm dominated by silicon atoms is formed along the coating substrate interface.
Properties of Copper and Molybdenum Sulfide Powders Produced by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis
Authors: Bozheyev Farabi , An Vladimir V. , Irtegov Yuriy
Published: December 2013

Copper and molybdenum sulfide nanopowders were prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis in argon. The initial copper powder and molybdenum powder were produced by electric spark dispersion in hexane and by electrical explosion of wires (EEW) in argon, respectively. The powders were studied by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The copper sulfide main phase is hexagonal 2H-CuS, whereas hexagonal 2H-MoS2 and rhombohedral 3R-MoS2 are characteristic for molybdenum disulfide. The lattice parameters of copper and molybdenum sulfides were calculated. The average particle size of copper sulfide and molybdenum disulfide powders was about 50 nm and 80 nm, respectively.
Properties of WS2 Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering from a Nanostructured Target
Authors: Irtegov Yuriy , An Vladimir V. , Vinatier Philippe , Sochugov Nikolay , Zakharov Alexander
Published: December 2013

Tungsten disulfide films were prepared by magnetron sputtering from a laboratory and a nanostructured targets. The nanostructured target was produced from WS2 nanolamellar particles prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis in argon. The main phase in the films was 2H-WS2. According to the X-ray analysis, the films sputtered from the laboratory target and from the nanostructured one reveal different planes of film growth orientation.
Bimetallic Ni-Mo Nitride as the Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation Catalyst
Authors: Leybo Denis V. , Kosova Natalia I. , Chuprunov Konstantin O. , Kuznetsov Denis V. , Kurzina Irina A.
Published: December 2013

The possibility of bimetallic Ni-Mo nitrides usage as the catalysts in carbon dioxide hydrogenation reaction was examined in this work. Powders were synthesized through thermo-programmed reduction of precursor, which was produced by evaporation of the metal-containing solution. Specimens were investigated by x-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and scanning electron microscopy. It is shown that final powders provide CO2 conversion of 29 % for contact time of 0.26 s.
Frist-Principles Study of Hydrogen Atom Diffusion on Transition Metal Doped Mg(0001) Surface
Authors: Wang Zhi Wen , Guo Xin Jun , Yuan Wei , Ding Zhi Yan
Published: December 2013

First-principles calculations within the density functional theory (DFT) have been carried out to study the interaction of hydrogen atom with transition metals (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) doped Mg (0001) surfaces. First we have calculated the stability of the transition metals atom on the Mg surface, On the basis of the energetic criteria, all the elements except Zn prefer to substitute one of the Mg atoms from the second layer, while Zn tend to substitute one of the Mg atoms from the first layer. In the second step, we have studied the interaction between hydrogen atom and the transition metals doped Mg (0001) surface.we have studied the interaction of a hydrogen atom with the transition metals doped Mg (0001) surface. The results show that for transition metals atoms doped Mg (0001) surface in the second layer, it not only enhances the chemisorption interaction between hydrogen atom and Mg surface, but also it benefits hydrogen atom diffusion in Mg bulk with relatively more diffusion paths. However, when the Mg surface doped by elements such as Sc, Ti, V, Cu and Zn, hydrogen atom chooses to bond with transition metals atom and block the diffusion of hydrogen atom into Mg bulk, while when the Mg surface doped by elements such as Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni, hydrogen atom chooses to leave from transition metals atom thereby promoting the diffusion of hydrogen atom diffusion into Mg bulk. Charge density difference plots shows that electrons are transferred from electronic states of transition metals atom to the orbital of hydrogen atom which cause attractive interactions between hydrogen atom and transition metals atom and reduce the energy barrier of the hydrogen atom diffusion into Mg bulk. Our results show that useing transition metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) as catalysts for the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation of Mg bulk samples and provide more diffusion paths of hydrogen atom, they are beneficial for the diffusion of hydrogen atom to Mg bulk and improve significantly the hydrogenation kinetics property of Mg surface.
Triple Epstein Frame First-Level Weighted Processing Method for Determining the Effective Path Length of the Epstein Frame
Authors: Wang Yong Qiang , Wang Hui Jun , Ma Chao
Published: December 2013

Based on double Epstein frame measurement method, double Epstein frame measurement experiments are carried out for 30P120 silicon steel samples using two pairs of Epstein frames (namely 2E (25-20) and 2E (20-17.5)) magnetic measuring devices, to study factors affecting the mean path length of the Epstein frame. 3D simulation proves the preconditions of double Epstein frame method, that is equivalent magnetic flux density of corresponding corner positions. On this basis, a weighted processing method is proposed to determine the effective path length of standard 25cm Epstein frame and to compare with that of double Epstein frame method, which processes the mean path length determined by the different specific losses of the Epstein frame (i.e., the uniform areas, the corner areas and the impact zones between them of the whole Epstein frame). Not only the method excludes the effect of the magnetic characteristics inhomogeneity of samples in the corner double-lapped structure areas, but also considers the influence of the specific power losses in the different parts determining the mean path length. The obtained experimental results confirm the correctness of the method in this paper for determining the specific total loss of electrical steel sheet.
Thermal Decomposition Process of FeC2O4. 2H2O in the Air
Authors: Yang Zai Zhi , Fu Xiao Ming
Published: December 2013

α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles are prepared at 550 °C by the thermal decomposition of FeC2O4·2H2O in the air. The morphologies of the pyrolysates of FeC2O4·2H2O in the air were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that in the process of the thermal decomposition of FeC2O4·2H2O, the influence on the pattern of the decomposition was more from 249.9 °C to 550 °C. The influence on the pattern of the decomposition was less from 218.4 °C to 249.9 °C. Therefore, the thermal condition of FeC2O4·2H2O in the air was controlled if the effective pattern of α-Fe2O3 powder was obtained.
Fabrication of Ytterbium-Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Using Collagen as Template
Authors: Liu Yi Wu , Wang Bi , Luo Bing Wei , He Qian
Published: December 2013

Yb-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized using collagen as the template, and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra. The effect of doping concentration and calcination temperature on structure of TiO2 was discussed. The results showed the Yb-TiO2 nanoparticles have high crystallinity with the size of 18-28 nm. Ytterbium doping could inhibit the phase transformation from anatase to rutile of TiO2, reduce the crystallite size, improve thermal stability, and improve the light absorption. This study indicates that collagen could be used as an ideal biological template to prepare metal oxide nanoparticles with high crystallinity.
Growth of β-Ga2O3 Nanoparticles Doped with Tin by Ni2+ Catalyzed Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Shi Feng , Gu Yu Fen , Li Cui Xia
Published: December 2013

Sn-doped monoclinic β-Ga2O3 nanoparticles were successfully fabricated on Si (111) substrates with NiCl2 as a catalyst by chemical vapor deposition using metallic gallium and oxygen as sources. The composition, crystal structure, morphology, and optical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), and photoluminescence, respectively. The results demonstrate that the sample was monoclinic β-Ga2O3 nanoparticles with diameters approximately ranging from 200~300 nm. Well-defined prominent absorption bands located at 458 and 671 cm-1 in the FTIR spectra corresponded to Ga-O vibrations. The photoluminescence spectrum shows that the Ga2O3 nanoparticles have a broad and strong emission band ranging from 300 nm to 650 nm with four Gaussian bands centered at approximately 346 (UV), 416 (blue), 473 (dark blue), and 529 nm (green), which may be attributed to defects such as oxygen vacancies and galliumoxygen vacancy pairs. The growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanoparticles is discussed in brief.
Non-Martensitic α-Phase Formed in Sol-Gel & Reduction Method and Promoted Martensitic Transformation of Fe-Ni Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhou Wei Shun , Jin Ming Jiang , Jin Xue Jun
Published: December 2013

Formation of the non-martensitic α-phase in Fe-33.0wt%Ni nanoparticles in sol-gel and reduction method and its promoting effect on martensitic transformation (MT) behaviors were investigated in this paper. With three different reduction processes, the amount of the formed non-martensitic α-phase was characterized. Results also showed that the presence of non-martensitic α-phase led to a promoted MT with the Ms temperature of 188.1K and transformation amount of 37.3%. Less amount of non-martensitic α-phase result in austenite stabilization. The underlying mechanism of the formation of non-martensitic α-phase and its effect on MT were discussed.
Wear Conditions of Al2O3-TiC/Al2O3-TiC-CaF2 Laminated Ceramic Drawing Die Used for 45#Steel Drawing Process
Authors: Song Pei Long , Yang Xue Feng , Wang Shou Ren , Yang Li Ying
Published: December 2013

Al2O3-TiC/Al2O3-TiC-CaF2 laminated ceramic drawing die used for drawing experiment was prepared by vacuum hot pressing method. The finite element models of 45#-steel and wire drawing die were built by SolidWorks and simulation analysis of drawing process were done by FEM simulation software. The axial stress, strain distribution and drawing force during deformation were got. The microstructure of the worn drawing die was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the composition was investigated by energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDS). Results show that the wear conditions of Al2O3-TiC-CaF2 material layers were serious than Al2O3-TiC. And because of the dragging effect, solid lubricating films formed in Al2O3-TiC-CaF2 material layers covered on Al2O3-TiC material layers. The drawing die owes self-lubricating performance. Without considering friction effective on invariable zone of the drawing die, the simulation result of drawing force was smaller than the measurement value.
Effect of External Fields on the Switching Current in (Ba0.97Ca0.03) (Zr0.18Ti0.82) O3 Ceramics
Authors: Shao Jian , Deng Xiang Yun , Zhang Xiao Long
Published: December 2013

Lead-free (Ba0.97Ca0.03) (Zr0.18Ti0.82) O3 (BCZT) ceramic is prepared by sol-gel technique. The sample shows a pure perovskite structure through the XRD pattern. Well-developed grain morphology and a dense microstructure are acquired at an optimistic sintering temperature (~1330°C). The BCZT ceramic shows a surprisingly high piezoelectric coefficient of d33=675 pm/V. The switching current curves are acquired in the different external fields by TF-2000 Ferroelectric Analyzer. It is found that with increasing the temperature, there is a decrease in the coercive field (Ec), and with increasing the electric field, there is an increase in the switching current obviously. Sintering temperature has an effect on switching current. The effect of temperature and electrical field on switching current is analyzed from viewpoint of the energy.
The Centrifugation Casting of Nd:YAG Ceramics Melt by Combustion Synthesis
Authors: Yang Pan , Zheng Yong Ting , Wang Shuai , Li Ling Ling
Published: December 2013

In this paper, Nd:YAG ceramic was prepared by combustion synthesis with centrifugation casting. Combustion temperature and pressure were calculated under adiabatic hypothesis, and measured experimentally by W/Re thermocouple and piezometer, respectively. The combustion temperature and pressure decreased with increase of the content of diluents (Y2O3 and A12O3). The YAG could be obtained as the ratio between the Y2O3 and A12O3 reached 3:5. Phase composition and microstructures of the derived products were analyzed by XRD, SEM and EDS. The results show that the other reaction product TiN and a small quantity of gas and oxide impurity were not completely separated from YAG melt under centrifugal force so that transparent YAG ceramic was not obtained in this work.
Effect of Agglomerate Powders Particle Size on Preparation of Hollow Multiphase Ceramic Microspheres by Self-Reactive Quenching Method
Authors: Hou Yong Shen , Wang Jian Jiang , Hou Yong Zhao , Lou Hong Fei , Gao Hai Tao
Published: December 2013

Adopting self-reaction quenching technology based on flame spraying technique, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and quick chilling technique, hollow multiphase ceramic microspheres are prepared. With Al+Cr2O3+Fe+Fe2O3+MnO2 as reactive system, agglomerate powders are obtained and then distinguished as thick powders and fine powders according to the different particle size. The relationship between agglomerate powders initial particle size and hollow ceramic microspheres is analyzed by the means of SEM, EDS, XRD and particle-size analyzer. The result shows that average particle diameter of thick powder is 24.49μm and that of fine powder is 17.15μm. Particle diameters of thick powder quenching product distribute within the range of 20~50μm, and those of fine powder distribute within the range of 5~30μm. The thick powder quenching product phase composition consists of Mn2AlO4,Fe2O3,Fe3O4,FeCr2O4,Cr2O3,Al2O3The fine powder quenching product phase composition consists of Mn2AlO4,Fe2O3,FeCr2O4,Fe3O4.
Characterization of the Hot Deformation Behavior of a Al-Si Alloy Using Processing Maps
Authors: Wang Ming Liang , Jin Pei Peng , Wang Jin Hui , Han Li
Published: December 2013

The compression tests of solution treatment ZL109 alloy have been performed in the compression temperature range from 250°C to 450°C and the strain rate range from 0.0005s-1 to 0.5s-1. A processing map has been developed on the basis of flow stress data obtained as a function of temperature and strain rate, which revealed two domains of hot working for the alloy: one is situated at temperature between 270°C and 340°C with strain rate between 0.05s-1 and 0.5s-1, the other is situated at the temperature between 380°C and 450°C with strain rate between 0.0005s-1 and 0.004s-1. Combining with the processing map, the optimum parameters of hot working for ZL109 alloy are that 300°C/0.5s-1 and 450°C/0.0005s-1, respectively. Microstructure observations indicated that DRX occurred in both these domains. The instable zones, i. e., adiabatic shear bands formation, wedge cracking, were also identified in the processing map and microstructural examination was performed for validation.
Structure and Mechanical Properties of Impregnated Diamond Cutting Tools Using Cu-Based Metal Matrix
Authors: Zhang Heng Tao , Xiao Chang Jiang , Zhu Ling Yan , Li Zheng Xin
Published: December 2013

Cu-based metal matrix, Ti coated and uncoated diamond composite were prepared by hot-press sintering in vacuum. The effects of the mixing time and the sintering temperature on the relative density, hardness and transverse rupture strength (TRS) of the matrix were studied. Structures of specimens sintered at different temperatures were studied by XRD. The TRS and wear resistant of coated and uncoated diamond segment were compared. The results show that the optimum mixing time is 20 hours; with the increase of sintering temperature, the relative density, hardness and TRS of the matrix firstly increase and then decrease; the TRS of diamond segment is lower than the matrix sintered at the same temperature and TRS of Ti coated diamond segment increased by 6.18% as compared with uncoated diamond segment; moreover the wear resistance of Ti coated diamond segment is better than that of uncoated diamond segment.
Effects of ZnO Addition on Response of Nio Sensing Electrode for Mixed-Potential-Type Zirconia-Based NOx Sensor
Authors: Chen Ying , Xia Feng , Xiao Jian Zhong
Published: December 2013

In order to improve the sensing characteristic of mixed-potential-type planar NO sensor with NiO-SE, a series of ZnO (10 wt%, 20 wt%, 50 wt%) were added into NiO. Among the sensor response testing, ZnO was found to give a significant enhancement in NO sensitivity. The electromotive force (EMF) to 700 ppm NO was maximum (22 mV) for the sensor using the 20 wt% ZnO-added NiO-SE at 400 °C under 10 vol % O2 with N2 balance. It was speculated that the formation of new Ni0.9Zn0.1O phase and the modification of morphology of the NiO-SE layer by the addition of ZnO were the main contributing factors for the improved NO sensitivity of the sensor.
Fourier Transform Far-Infrared Reflection Spectroscopy of Ba[Zn1/3(Nb1-xTax)2/3]O3 Solid Solutions
Authors: Shi Feng , Gu Yu Fen , Li Cui Xia
Published: December 2013

Ba [Zn1/3(Nb1-xTax)2/3]O3 (BZNT, x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) solid solutions were synthesized by conventional solid-state sintering technique. Fourier transform far-infrared reflection spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to evaluate the correlation between crystal structures and vibration modes of these solid solutions as a function of Nb5+ ions replaced by Ta5+ ions. Spectroscopic and structural data show sensitivity to the sample structural evolution with Ta5+ concentration. XRD result shows that the peaks shift to lower angle, i.e. higher d-spacing, with the increase in Ta5+content, and the lattice structures have changed from cubic structure to hexagonal structure gradually with the increase in the unit cell volume due to the substitution of Ta5+ to Nb5+. The phase transition is also verified by the FTIR spectra. The phonon modes of the vibration spectra were assigned, the position and width were determined, and the correlation of phonon vibrations with the crystal structures for the different atoms substituted in the-site was found.
Numerical Modeling of Thermal Conductivity of Diamond Particle Reinforced Aluminum Composite
Authors: Yang Wu Lin , Peng Kun , Zhu Jia Jun , Li De Yi , Zhou Ling Ping
Published: December 2013

In the present work, the finite element method is employed to predict the effective thermal conductivity of diamond particle reinforced aluminum composite. The common finite element commercial software ANSYS is used to for this numerical analysis. A body-centered cubic particle arrangement model are constructed to simulate the microstructure of the composite with 60 vol.% diamond. The effect of particle size and inhomogeneous interfacial conductance on the thermal conductivity of diamond particles reinforced aluminum composite is investigated. Cubo-octahedral particles are assumed and interfacial thermal conductance between different diamond faces and aluminum matrix is implemented by real constants of contact element. The results show that the numerical results using present model agree reasonably well with the experimentation. Taking into consideration the interfacial thermal conductance, the influence of particle size on total thermal conductivity of composite is obvious, the larger size particles tend to meet requirement of the high thermal conductivity of composite. Fitting the experimental result with the inhomogeneous interfacial thermal conductance model, the evolution of the composite thermal property is profound studied.
Investigation on the Cutting Force of High-Speed Milling of High Volume Fraction of SiCp/Al Composites with PCD Tools
Authors: Peng Song , Xie Li Jing , Wang Xi Bin , Fu Na Xin , Shi Xing Kuan
Published: December 2013

High-speed milling tests for 65vol.%SiCp/6063Al composites were performed by polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tools, response surface methodology was utilized in this study, and a cutting force model was developed through response surface methodology, which contained some important parameters such as cutting speed, cutting feed rate, cutting depth and cutting width. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the proposed mathematical model can adequately describe the relationship between cutting force and cutting process parameters. The results show that cutting depth is the biggest important factor of milling force, and cutting feed rate is the second important factor, cutting speed is the third; milling force would not increase with the increasing of cutting width.
Effect of Microwires Diameters on the Microwave Properties of Glass-Coated Microwires/Dielectric Composite
Authors: Di Yong Jiang , Chen Deng Ming , Cao Peng Jun , Jia Bi
Published: December 2013

The microwave properties of Glass-coated FeCuNbVSiB and CoFeNiSiB microwires/dielectric composite with different microwires diameters were studied. Relative complex permeability and complex permittivity was measured by transmission/reflection (T/R) coaxial line method at the frequency range of 2-18 GHz for composite samples. The results show that the microwave permeability and permittivity increases with the lengthening of the microwires in composite. The microwave permeability, natural resonance frequency and microwave permittivity increase with the decrease of the diameter of the microwires.
Rapid Lifetime Evaluation of Hybrid Composite Rods by Creep Behavior
Authors: Lan Feng Tao , Cao Ye Wen , Wang Ying Nan , Chen Xin , Zhang Chong
Published: December 2013

Hybrid composite rods, comprised of unidirectional reinforcing carbon/glass-fiber and adhesive epoxy matrix, are viewed as promising candidates to be used in high-voltage overhead conductors. However, before widespread application, their long-term durability needs to be clarified. In this study, accelerated creep testing for hybrid composite rods, is presented by taking dynamic mechanical analysis tests at different temperatures. Using the time-temperature superposition principle and thermal activation energy theory, the short-term creep data are combined to generate creep long-term compliance master curves. Through the master curve, predictions can be made concerning the creep levels that will occur during the design lifetime of hybrid composite rods (i.e., 30 years). It is found that after 30-year service at 120 °C, fully-cured hybrid composite rods only exhibit a slight increase in compliance (about 5%), indicating a satisfactory creep resistance at this temperature.
Analysis of Moisture Distribution within Composite Materials in Hygrothermal Environment
Authors: Jin Ping , Wang De , Tan Xiao Ming
Published: December 2013

The moisture absorption behavior of CCF300/BA9916 composites in 70°C distilled water was investigated. Depending on the moisture absorption experiments, the moisture diffusivity and solubility were gained for FEM analysis. The experiments results show that the moisture absorption behavior of CCF300/BA9916 composites basically conforms the Fickians second law. The simulation results were coincided with the experimental data, the long-term absorption behavior and moisture distribution concentrations within the specimen were obtained.
The Super Capacitor with Nanosic Film Electrode
Authors: Zhang Xiu Xia , Li Chao Hui , Huang Xin Hua , Lou Xiu Li , Wen Jun Xia , Jiang Dao Jie , Jiang Yong , Geng Gui Hong
Published: December 2013

Nano-SiC was mixed with nanocrystalline graphite and ethylic cellulose to paste. In order to fabricate Nano-SiC film electrode of super capacitor, a series of sol-gel Nano-SiC film with different proportions are designed test intentionally. Nano-SiC film was fixed on metal substrates using three-steps sintering process. The perovskite structure CaCu3Ti4O12 (of CCTO) ceramics has giant permittivity, low dielectric loss, good thermal stability and dielectric constant in a wide temperature range has very broad application prospects in microelectronics. In this paper, the solid state reaction sintering can be divided into two categories: sintering at 1373K at different times; first heating to 1423K then immediately cooling to 1373K and keeping for different times. The CCTO ceramic dielectric constant and dielectric loss decreased with frequency rises. A super capacitor was designed based on CCTO ceramics dielectric and Nano-SiC film electrode.
Microstructure and Texture Evolution Law of Ti-IF Steel for Extra Deep Drawing during Batch Annealing Process
Authors: Meng Zheng Bing , He Lang , Wu Guang Liang , Liu Xin Bin , Zhou Chao Yang
Published: December 2013

The variation of microstructure of Ti-IF steel of extra deep drawing grade, which having a 83%cold-rolled deformation under simulated batch annealing process at temperature ranging from 480°C to 750°C, was studied by using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and metallographic micro-hardness tester. The evolution of texture during the recrystallization process was analyzed by Orientation Density Function (ODF). The results show that, the recrystallization temperature of experimental steel is 620-630°C, and the recrystallization process can be accomplished within 1h at660°C. Four major textures after cold rolling are observed as follows,{001}<110>, {111}<110>, {111}<112> and {112}<110>, respectively. At the early stage of recrystallization annealing, texture evolves from {111} toγ-{111}, which is quite beneficial to achieve high deep drawing performance,the texture {001}<110> and {112}<110> change marginally. as the annealing temperature rises up to 720°C, texture {001}<110> and {112}<110> change into fiber textureγ-{111}. After annealing,{111}<112> and {111}<110> textures become the two main types.
Thin Film Thermocouples for Surface Temperature Measurement of Turbine Blade
Authors: Chen Yin Zhi , Jiang Hong Chuan , Jiang Shu Wen , Liu Xing Zhao , Zhang Wan Li
Published: December 2013

There are three types thin film thermocouples (TFTCs) fabricated on the nickel-based superalloy substrates, including type-K (Ni-10%Cr/Ni-3%Si), type-S (Pt-10%Rh/Pt) and indium tin oxide (ITO) versus platinum (Pt) TFTCs. All of the samples were calibrated and cycled in tube furnace. The Seebeck coefficient of type-K, type-S and ITO/Pt TFTCs is 36.53 μV/°C, 8.89 μV/°C and 81.67 μV/°C, respectively. The life time of type-K and type-S TFTCs is 3 calibrating cycles (about 25 h) and 2 calibrating cycles (about 20 h), respectively. The ITO/Pt TFTCs shows longer life time that is longer than 5 cycles (about 50 h).
Preparation and Photocatalyst of Ce/Zn Composite Oxide
Authors: Li Xiu Ping , Zhao Rong Xiang , Li Chu Jia
Published: December 2013

With abscibe acid as combustion agent, Zn (NO3)27H2O and Ce (NO3)36H2O as raw material, the CeO2-ZnO composite oxide was synthesized by an novel combustion method. The experiment investaged the effect of molar ratio of combustion agents, Zn and Ce on composite oxides. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, IR, UV. The molar ratio of Ce, Zn and combustion agents is different, the composite oxides possess various morphology and properities. The photocatalytic experiment of composite oxide showed that under the optimal photocatalytic condition Methylene blue solution is completely degradated to need 240 min and under the optimal decoloring condition Methylene blue solution is completely decolorized to need 180 min.
A Finite Element Solution for Frictional Sliding Contact between Hyper-Elastic and Rigid Bodies
Authors: Chen Ya Bin
Published: December 2013

This paper is devoted to the analysis of frictional contact problems with large deformations and displacements between hyper-elastic body and rigid body. The material nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity are separated and, the geometrically nonlinear behavior is described by the total Lagrange formulation. The Coulomb friction law is employed to simulate the friction between rigid vessel and rubber by the use of augmented Lagrange approach with node-to-segment formulation. A formulation of finite element is taken in this paper to describe the frictional contact problem, which is solved by the Newton-Raphson iterative procedure. It is shown that the augmented Lagrange technique significantly avoids locking and over-constraining and provides optimal convergence rate. Finally, the numerical results show that the accuracy and efficiency of augmented Lagrange approach in modeling large deformation frictional contact problem.
Effects of Si Spacer-Layer on the Structure of Ge/Si Quantum Dots Bilayers Grown by Ion Beam Sputtering
Authors: Zhou Xi , Wang Chong , Yang Jie , Jin Ying Xia , Yang Yu
Published: December 2013

A series of double-layer Ge/Si quantum dots are prepared by ion beam sputtering deposition (IBSD) on Si (100) substrates. The influences of deposition temperature and thickness of Si spacer-layer on the microstructure of double-layer Ge/Si quantum dots were characterized by using Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectra technique. The results indicate that the density of the second layer islands firstly increases and then decreases with increasing the growth temperature of Si spacer-layers. In addition, increasing the thickness of Si spacer-layer, the islands merger phenomenon disappears. When the deposition thickness is larger than 40 nm, the islands on the upper-layer show the same features with the buried islands. The mechanism of three-factor-interactions of nanoislands is proposed to explain these phenomena, and our results can be used as a guidance to obtain optimum IBSD growth process for Ge/Si quantum-dot superlattices.
Experimental Study on the Twin Roll Strip Casting and Warm Rolling Fe-6.5 wt. %Si Steel Sheet
Authors: Zhang Feng Quan , Liu Zhen Yu , Luo Zhong Han , Cao Guang Ming
Published: December 2013

An Fe-6.5 wt. % Si steel sheet with a final thickness of 0.30 mm was produced by twin roll strip casting and warm rolling process. The effects of casting, warm rolling and annealing process on microstructure, texture and magnetic properties were investigated with optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurement. The microstructure evolution during preparation was shown as follows: columnar grain and a small amount of fine grain in center (as casted) elongated grains and a small amount of the shear bands along the rolling direction (as rolled) a relatively uniform recrystallized microstructure (as annealed). The texture evolution during preparation was shown as follows: {001} λ fiber texture (as casted) the significant α fiber texture and the weak, inhomogenous γ fiber texture (as warm rolled) the strong {001} λ fiber texture and weak, inhomogenous γ fiber texture (as annealed). The excellent soft magnetic properties were obtained with a very small P1.0/400 of 10.751 W/kg and a very high B50 up to 1.438 T at optimum annealing condition (1150 °C for 1 h). The research work was useful to develop electrical steel by twin roll continuous casting process.
Hologram Images Patterned in Shrink BOPP Film by Large-Area Roller Nanoimprint Lithography
Authors: Jiang Meng Lin , Lin Shi Wei , Jiang Wen Kai
Published: December 2013

Thermal roller nanoimprint lithography with the ability of larger area micro-to nanometer-scale patterning on flexible substrates possesses the advantages of low cost and high throughput, and is widely being practiced in industry. Hologram images have been successfully embossed in shrink biaxially oriented polypropylene films by the large-area roller nanoimprint lithography technique. The defects which occur during embossing processes have been studied in order to identify the underlying formation mechanism.
Failure Analysis and Research Progress of Resurfacing Welding Material of Coal Mill Roller
Authors: Gu Li Ping , Liu Shao Guang , Gu Dong Liang , Xu Yu Song
Published: December 2013

Failure mode of coal mill roller was comprehensively analyzed and current situation of mill roller repair was elaborated. Process characteristic and application effect of metal cerement and high chromium cast iron building-up materials were expounded in the article. Owing to excellent wear resistant and low cost, high chromium cast iron building-up materials have been applied widely. The current research situation of self-shielded flux-cored wire with high chromium cast iron was summarized and the existing problem and probable solution were pointed. Key word: Coal mill roller, Abrasive wear, Flux-cored wire, Resurfacing welding
The Day-and-Night Solar Lighting System
Authors: Zhang Xiu Xia , Lou Xiu Li , Wen Jun Xia , Jiang Dao Jie , Li Chao Hui
Published: December 2013

In this paper, a novel light-absorpting shade and optical fiber and long persistent luminescent phosphor materials provided a safe and reliable day-and-night solar lighting system. It was not only save resource, reduce pollution, at the same time introduced solar light into the indoor to satisfy the lighting needs. The novel light-absorpting shade fabricated nanodiamond film to achieve the goal of self-cleaning,corrosion-resistant and corrosion-high temperature. This novel solar lighting system used of total reflection characteristic of optical fiber, and long persistent luminescent phosphor materials short storage time, high brightness to realize the purpose of day and night lighting.
Photocatalytic Water Splitting and Photocatalytic Degradation in Aqueous GdVO4 Suspensions under Simulated Solar Irradiation
Authors: Bai Yan , Ding Ya Ming , Li Zhi Min
Published: December 2013

GdVO4 was synthesized by solid state reaction at high temperature and characterized by XRD, UVvisible DRS, BET and SEM. XRD analysis of GdVO4 showed its structure was of tetragonal type. When GdVO4 was loaded with 0.3 wt% Pt, it showed the better photocatalytic activity for water splitting under simulated solar irradiation, and the amounts of the produced hydrogen in pure water were about 9.33 μmol under the irradiation of simulated solar for 6 h. Furthermore, photodegradation of Rhodamine B (Rh B ) on the samples were investigated under simulated solar irradiation.
Electrochemical Performance of Graphene Nanosheets as Electrode Material for Supercapacitors
Authors: Li Liang Yu , Zhao Dong Lin , Zhang Dong Dong
Published: December 2013

Graphene nanosheets (GNSs) were prepared from flake natural graphite by oxidation, rapid expansion and ultrasonic treatment. The morphology, structure and electrochemical performance of GNSs as electrode materials for supercapacitors were systematically investigated via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms and a variety of electrochemical testing techniques. The electrodes with freestanding GNSs prepared by coating method exhibited good rate capability and reversibility at high scan rates in electrochemical performances. GNS electrode with specific surface area of 243 m2 g1 maintained a stable specific capacitance of 200 F g1 under specific current of 0.1 A g1 for 500 cycles of charge/discharge.
TixSn1-xO3 Solid Solution Nanoparticles as Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Jing Xing , Zhao Dong Lin , Zhu Yang Yang , He Qing
Published: December 2013

TixSn1-xO3 solid solution nanoparticles have been successfully prepared via a hydrothermal process. The morphology and structure of TiO2, SnO2 and TixSn1-xO3 solid solution nanoparticles were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction measurements. The electrochemical performance of TiO2, SnO2 and TixSn1-xO3 solid solution nanoparticles as anode material for lithium-ion batteries were systematically investigated by a variety of electrochemical testing techniques. The TixSn1-xO3 solid solution nanoparticles showed not only higher specific capacity of 401.3 mA h·g1 after 50 cycles but also better cycle performance, superior than the pure SnO2 electrode, which can be ascribed to the stable cyclability of TiO2 and the high reversible capacity of nanosized SnO2.
Growth and Characterization of 420 kg Bulk Multicrystalline Silicon (mc-Si) Ingot Grown by Directional Solidification Process for Photovoltaic Application
Authors: Luo Da Wei
Published: December 2013

Cast mc-Si ingots are widely used in photovoltaic manufacturing. The utilization rate of industrial polycrystalline silicon ingot only about 70%, most of them are less than 70%, the main influence factors are casting process, raw and auxiliary materials as well as the crucible material. The growth process and the overall characteristics of 420 kg polycrystalline silicon ingot are analyzed and researched in detail. This paper focuses on the distribution characteristics and causes of the casting defect which are analyzed in detail and discussed, at the same time suggestions are given to improve the utilization rate of the ingot.
Preparation, Characterization and Catalytic Formaldehyde Oxidation at Room Temperature of MnOx
Authors: Feng Li Li , Han Xiao , Wang Hai Bo
Published: December 2013

MnOx (Na-OL-1, Ni-OL-1 and Ni-OMS-1) were synthesized and characterized by various techniques. The performance of formaldehyde oxidation catalyzed by the as-synthesized MnOx at room temperature was investigated. It is found that the catalytic activity of formaldehyde oxidation over MnOx had the order as follows: Ni-OL-1 >> Na-OL-1> Ni-OMS-1. Both microstructure and interlayer spacing of MnOx combined affected the activity of catalytic formaldehyde oxidation.
The Application of Electromagnetic Metamaterials for Wireless Power Transfer
Authors: Guo Yun Sheng , Zhou Ji
Published: December 2013

In this paper, the equivalent circuit model of the two-coil wireless power transfer (WPT) is set up. Using this model, the currents in the transmitting and receiving coils, the input and output powers, and the transmission efficiency are discussed. In order to improve the transmission efficiency and distance, the third resonant coil is placed into the space between the transmitting and receiving coils of the WPT system. The measurement results show that this resonant coil which is actually only one unit of the periodic structure meatmaterial can improve not only the transmission distance but also the efficiency.
Construction of Three-Dimensional Scaffold for Tissue Engineered Heart Valves
Authors: Nie Bin En , Hu Shi Dong , Zhou Jian Liang
Published: December 2013

Tissue engineered heart valve (TEHV) is a valve replacement of scaffold materials on which live cells grow. Theoretically, TEHV has good tissue compatibility, self-repair potential and life-long durability, which serves as the optimal replacement for a heart valve. As a result of the specific position and function of a specific heart valve, significantly high requirements of mechanical and biological properties are necessary for optimal function. A substantial number of studies suggested that the TEHV available at present has insufficient mechanical properties and lacks relevant anti-calcification function, both of which prevent the successful application of TEHV into clinical practice. A desirable valvular scaffold, which mimics the three-dimensional ultrastructures of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the heart valve, should possess the ECM bioactivity, favorable tissue compatibility and suitable mechanical properties. However, no such valve scaffold is currently available. Hence, clinical efforts should be made to remodel the scaffold materials, allowing for utilizing its functionalization. Here, we reviewed the scaffold materials previously used in TEHV, e.g. decellularized scaffold, polymer-based scaffold, nanoscaffold and nanocomposite scaffold and scaffold material modification.
Advances in Biomaterial’s Modification and Thrombosis Inhibition
Authors: Hu Shi Dong , Nie Bin En , Zhou Jian Liang
Published: December 2013

With the development of modern medical technology, the clinical range of biomaterial applications have gradually expanded. However, bioactivity on the surface of biomaterials may be reduced and induce thrombus formation that will not only cause serious dysfunction of the biological materials, but can also affect the host. Modification of these biological materials can thus help to retain the biological activity on the surface of the material and inhibit thrombus formation, which underlines the importance of their clinical application. The current review will address the modification of biomaterials and inhibition of thrombosis on the surface of biomaterials.
Degradation Modeling Research of Biodegradable Tissue Engineering Scaffold
Authors: Zhang Tao Hong , Xu Shou Gang , Zhang De Zheng , Wulamu Aziguli
Published: December 2013

Although the degradation modeling of tissue engineering scaffold is in its initial step, it can direct the design, optimization of scaffold and help the application in medical case of illness. This paper analyzes the modeling methods and gives the speciality of every model which is put forward by researchers in China and abroad about the degradation of tissue engineering scaffold. These models are divided into micro scale, macro scale and two scale models based on the modeling scales. The recent research is belonging to single scale modeling. Some researchers abroad probed to two scale modeling. The future model is prospected in multi scale coupling macro, micro, and meta-macro model.
Effect of Sodium Alginate Content on the Properties of Chemical-Ionic Cross-Linked Hydrogel
Authors: Zhang Nian Yi , Zhang Qing Song , Gao Xue Feng , Chen Li
Published: December 2013

Chemical-ionic cross-linked hydrogel (CIC) was prepared by using chemical-ionic cross-linker with acrylamide (AM) and sodium alginate (SA) of different contents serving as monomer, N,N'-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) acting as cross-linker. Swelling behaviors, micro pore structures, percentage of calcium atoms and tensile fracture stress of CIC hydrogel were investigated by weighting instrument, field transmission electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and tensile strength testing machine, respectively. The results indicate that with the contents of SA from 0.1g/20ml up to 0.4g/20ml, atom percentage of calcium of CIC hydrogel increases from 0.03 at% to 0.14 at%, and ionic cross-linked mechanism network in composite hydrogel increases, maximum swelling ratio (MSR) decreases from 21.96 g/g to 14.06 g/g, the pore structures which are interconnect at 0.1g gradually turn to cellular and isolate, and then appear compact. Maximum tensile fracture stress of hydrogel reinforced from 0.03 MPa up to 0.18 MPa.