bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kepercayaan sebagai mediator hubungan keintiman dan komitmen terhadap pemaafan
Authors: Aiyuda Nurul
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara keintiman, komitmen, dan kepercayaan terhadap pemaafan, serta peranan kepercayaan sebagai mediator hubungan antara keintiman dan komitmen terhadap pemaafan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 203 orang istri yang diambil menggunakan tehnik purposive random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan empat skala adopsi, yaitu skala pemaafan-MOFS (The marital offence-specific forgiveness scale), skala keintiman PAIR (Personal assessment intimacy in relationship), skala komitmen, dan skala kepercayaan. Hipotesis penelitian meliputi: (1) ada hubungan positif antara keintiman dan kepercayaan (2) Ada hubungan positif antara komitmen dan kepercayaan (3) ada hubungan positif antara kepercayaan dan pemaafan (4) ada hubungan antara keintiman dan pemaafan dimediasi oleh kepercayaan (5) ada hubungan antara komitmen dan pemaafan dimediasi oleh kepercayaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan menemukan bahwa keintiman dan komitmen berhubungan dengan kepercayaan. Kepercayaan dapat menjadi mediasi hubungan keintiman dengan pemaafan, tapi tidak memediasi pada hubungan komitmen dengan pemaafan.
Pengaruh empati emosional terhadap perilaku prososial yang dimoderasi oleh jenis kelamin pada mahasiswa
Authors: Umayah Azmi Nisrina , Ariyanto Amarina , Yustisia Whinda
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh empati emosional terhadap perilaku prososial yang dimoderasi oleh jenis kelamin pada mahasiswa. Empati emosional diartikan sebagai dorongan secara otomatis dan tanpa disadari untuk merespon keadaan emosi orang lain dan perilaku prososial diartikan sebagai tindakan yang dilakukan individu untuk membantu orang lain. Empati secara emosional diinduksi dengan cara memberikan sebuah video yang dapat membuat empati seseorang menjadi meningkat atau bahkan netral. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur empati emosional dengan menggunakan Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) yang dikembangkan oleh Watson, Clark, & Tellegen (1988). Pengukuran perilaku prososial dilakukan dengan cara melihat dari jumlah donasi yang diberikan oleh partisipan. Responden penelitian ini merupakan 126 mahasiswa aktif S1 Universitas Indonesia yang terbagi atas laki-laki dan perempuan, dengan kriteria usia 18-25 tahun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen laboratorium dengan menggunakan desain faktorial 2 (empati: netral vs empati) X 2 (jenis kelamin: laki-laki vs perempuan) between subject design. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang cukup signifikan antara empati emosional terhadap perilaku prososial, namun pengaruh jenis kelamin sebagai moderator terhadap perilaku prososial tidak memiliki efek yang signifikan, namun pada penelitian ini ditemukan variabel lain yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku prososial pada individu.
Pengaruh ungkapan syukur dan motivasi terhadap perilaku prososial remaja
Authors: Fitroh Nurul , Lukman Lukman , Nurdin Muh. Nur Hidayat
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan perilaku prososial remaja yang memiliki motivasi autonomous dan controlled serta yang menerima dan tidak menerima ungkapan syukur. Partisipan penelitian ini melibatkan 94 Siswa SMA berusia 15-18 tahun. Melalui metode eksperimen penelitian ini menggunakan factorial design with two between-subjects independent variabels. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pertama, remaja yang memiliki motivasi autonomous memiliki intensi perilaku prososial yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan remaja yang memiliki motivasi controlled. Kedua, tidak terdapat perbedaan intensi perilaku prososial pada remaja yang menerima ungkapan syukur dan tidak menerima ungkapan syukur. Ketiga, tidak ada interaksi antara motivasi dan ungkapan syukur terhadap intensi perilaku prososial pada remaja. Penelitian ini dapat dijadikan bahan diskusi lanjutan untuk mengetahui alasan ungkapan syukur tidak berpengaruh pada perilaku prososial remaja yang pada umumnya bisa memberikan pengaruh.
Self-reliance inventory versi bahasa Indonesia: Adaptasi alat ukur
Authors: Sinantia Vemita , Milla Mirra Noor
Published: February 2019

Self-Reliance Inventory merupakan salah satu alat ukur rasa kemandirian yang banyak digunakan dalam penelitian mengenai stres kerja. Sejauh ini belum ditemukan adaptasi Self-Reliance Inventory dalam bahasa Indonesia, meskipun alat ukur tersebut telah dikembangkan menjadi 2 versi (2 indikator dan 3 indikator). Adaptasi Self-Reliance Inventory diperlukan karena selama kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir penelitian yang mengukur konstruk tersebut menggunakan alat ukur yang kurang spesifik pada rasa kemandirian di tempat kerja. Self-Reliance Inventory versi 2 indikator (tidak ketergantungan dan ketergantungan) terdiri dari 20 item. Dalam penelitian ini, alat ukur tersebut diadaptasi melalui 6 tahap berdasarkan panduan adaptasi alat ukur lintas budaya. Berdasarkan uji coba terhadap 50 karyawan di Indonesia, diperoleh nilai koefisien reliabilitas sebesar 0,65 pada indikator tidak ketergantungan dan sebesar 0,75 pada indikator ketergantungan. Dengan demikian, hasil adaptasi alat ukur rasa kemandirian dapat digunakan untuk penelitian mendatang guna memprediksi berbagai variabel seperti stres kerja, intensi turn over, tekanan kerja, serta organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan di Indonesia.
Social Environment in Supporting Gifted Students’ Academic Achievement
Authors: Kusumawardhani Dianti Endang
Published: February 2019

The implementation of acceleration program for the gifted students was problematic and has been dismissed by Indonesian Government in 2014. 240 first year students from three high schools in Jakarta participated in this study. The study focused on the social environment that is projected in accelerated and regular classrooms. Type of Classrooms is associated with Accelerated learning. Path analysis model was used to develop the relationships between latent and manifest variables. This study employed PLSPATH program to analyse the data. The results showed accelerated learning is positively related to Self-Regulated Learning in Biology but there is only a very weak relation in Mathematics. Accelerated learning positively and marginally related to Self-Efficacy in Biology, but negatively and marginally related to Mathematics Self-Efficacy. There is a significant relationship between Accelerated learning and Achievement in both Mathematics and Biology.
Teknik Intervensi Nudge dengan Pendekatan Norm untuk Meningkatkan Perilaku Membaca Remaja
Authors: Putra Anhar Dana , Kusumawardhani Dianti Endang , Narhetali Erita
Published: February 2019

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian terapan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan perilaku membaca pada remaja di Kabupaten Barru. Penelitian ini terbagi dalam dua tahap, yakni baseline study dan intervensi. Teori yang digunakan dalam baseline study adalah theory of planned behaviour. Berdasarkan hasil baseline study ditemukan bahwa faktor norma subjektif memiliki pengaruh yang paling signifikan terhadap intensi remaja untuk membaca buku (β = 0,247p<0,05). Sementara itu, intervensi menerapkan teknik intervensi nudgedengan pendekatan norma. Intervensi diuji dengan independent t test melalui metode eksperimen dengan rancangan post-test only control group design dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 32 orang. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa; partisipan yang mendapatkan pesan visual nudge dengan pendekatan norm membaca lebih lama dibandingkan partisipan dalam kelompok kontrol.
“Siapa yang Lebih Terampil Mengelola Konflik Rumah Tangga?” Perbedaan Manajemen Konflik Awal Perkawinan Berdasarkan Gender
Authors: Hidayah Bidayatul , Hariyadi Sugeng
Published: February 2019

Lima tahun awal perkawinan adalah masa yang rawan dimana pasangan suami istri sering kali mengalami konflik karena proses penyesuaian diri. Dalam hal ini, manajemen konflik rumah tangga sangat dibutuhkan. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi manajemen konflik rumah adalah perbedaan gender. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan manajemen konflik suami-istri berdasarkan gender. Partisipan terdiri dari 182 pasangan suami istri di Semarang dengan teknik Multiple Stage Sampling.Manajemen konflik diukur dengan skala yang disusun berdasarkan manajemen konflik yang diutarakanPruitt dan Rubin. Hasil penemuan ini menemukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan manajemen konflik yang signifikan antara perempuan dan laki-laki. Perempuan memiliki kemampuan manajemen konflik perkawinan yang lebih baik daripada yang dimiliki laki-laki. Hal ini dapat dijelaskan oleh penelitian sebelumnya yang menyebutkan dari segi peran gender, perempuan memiliki kemampuan membina hubungan interpersonalyang lebih baik daripada laki-laki.
Ritual Keluarga sebagai Diskriminan Keberfungsian Keluarga
Authors: Jamil Rizky Amalia , Gunarya Arlina , Kusmarini Dyah
Published: February 2019

Studi empiris menunjukkan bahwa ritual keluarga memiliki efek tidak langsung yang positif terhadap kualitas interaksi dan organisasi sistem yang mengarah ke keberfungsian keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kontribusi ritual keluarga dalam membedakan kadar keberfungsian keluarga berdasarkan persepsi anak, khususnya yang berusia remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain komparatif. Sampel yang digunakan berjumlah 231 orang siswa kelas II/III SMA yang tinggal bersama orang tua di Kota Makassar yang diperoleh berdasarkan teknik area stratified random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah McMasterFamily Assessment Device(FAD)dan Family Ritual Questionnaire(FRQ).Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknikdiscriminant function analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hanya terdapat tiga settingritual keluarga yang paling baik dalam membedakan kadar keberfungsian keluarga, yaitu liburan keluarga, waktu makan, dan tradisi budaya (canonical correlation = 0,549; Sig.X2= 0,000; kontribusi = 30%). Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kontribusi ritual keluarga dalam membedakan tinggi-rendahnya keberfungsian keluarga.
Nurse Turnover: Implication on Health Care Delivery
Authors: Bisnar Joyce C. , Pegarro Kathleya Grace N.
Published: February 2019

Nurse turnover is a major problem to all health care organizations because of its strong effects on client outcomes, motivation to work, job dissatisfaction and provision of quality patient care. The study aimed to determine the implication/ effects of nurse's turnover on healthcare delivery. Mixed method and Descriptive research design were employed, and the census was used in the selection of the participants. A validated self- made questionnaire, focus group discussion and key informant interview was utilized to gather the empirical data required. The study revealed that there was a decrease nurse turnover rate in the government hospital and an increase in private hospitals due to low salary, no/ less fringe benefits, poor/no health insurance coverage, better benefits and compensation package offered by other hospitals/countries and lower patient ratio. However, with the increase or decrease in the turnover rate, health care delivery in relation to the identified five (5) key areas of nurses' responsibility are still affected due to increased nurse-client ratio, interpersonal relationship, stressful environment and attitudes of the millennial nurses. Further, the majority of the participants are millennials and they outnumbered the generation X and baby boomers who created a generation gap in terms of health care delivery. This shift in attitude poses a great challenge for hospitals to retain millennials because they are growing in numbers and are replacing baby boomers and generation X. Thus, hospitals had to learn, adjust and develop management strategies to accommodate and understand the unique style and attitudes of the millennials for retention.
Oral Language Proficiency Level of International Business Process Outsourcing Agents
Authors: Bulilan Ramil S. , Ponte Shaun James T.
Published: February 2019

Oral English language proficiency is an important skill every call center agent must possess. Towards this end, this study sampled 125 call center agents of Sykes in Cebu City, Philippines primarily to determine their level of proficiency in oral discourse. A descriptive-quantitative design was pursued wherein respondents were assessed using the said industry's standardized instrument that measured on their pronunciation, stress, and intonation; language accuracy, and vocabulary range; discourse and strategic competency; and, interactive fluency and sociolinguistics. It also specifically sought answers on their gender, highest educational attainment, school attended, and place of origin. We presumed that their highest educational attainment and gender had influenced their oral language proficiency level. Results revealed they were modest users which mean that they are non-native-speaker-like agents. They have partial command of the language. Statistical tests revealed no significant difference and relationship, respectively, on respondents' oral proficiency level in terms of their gender and highest educational achievement. These imply that whether male or female, and finished college or not, their oral proficiency level is not affected. In other words, gender and college achievement are not the factors towards their oral proficiency level. Nevertheless, call center agents of Sykes to need to improve their oral language skills for them to retain employment.
Sexism in English Reference Books Used by College Freshmen: Implications for Gender Equality
Authors: Muncada Luisito P.
Published: February 2019

Sexist words in the books showed an unfair treatment of the female gender. The generic term, man, refers not only to a male person but also to denote humanity. The personal pronoun is used to refer to a hypothetical person in general and accepted in Filipino society. This research is a qualitative study that used content analysis to interpret the data.  Sexism was found evident in English references. It is recommended that the sentences containing sexist language be taken out of the 12 books dissected for political correctness to make them gender fair. The textbook Board should be aware of RA 7192 (DepEd, GAD program) and CHED Memo No. 1, s. 2015, they should be gender sensitive. Policymakers should be mindful of the dynamism of language, and its importance in education must be more responsive to the needs of the time through quality language and gender sensitive.  Publishers are cautioned to exact gender-fair language from their clients so that both sexes get equal treatment in publication. Students should be alerted to sexist language, and teachers should teach gender sensitivity, even only as incidental teaching. English reference books used by the college freshmen should be reviewed, and those who found out to be sexist should be substituted with gender-fair ones.
Travails of Vulnerable People in Accretion Site of Tagum City
Authors: Langcoy II Roque N.
Published: February 2019

The effort of the local government to answer the call for modernity and globalization in their respective locality gains investors' and capitalists' interest. It turns vast of lands into plantations (banana, palm oil, and pineapple) and subsequently changes the life of the people. The study aimed to explore the following: determine the demographic profile of the settlers in accretion site, and design an enhancement program. The study used an in-depth interview using a semi-structured questionnaire to gather data, using descriptive survey aided with researcher-made questionnaire employed to all 43 family settlers in accretion site. Results showed that most of the respondents are Christians, married, less educated, doing menial jobs to support their family and children, and have experienced colds, cough, fever, skin diseases, and dehydration. Moreover, the family respondents significantly showed interest in participating livelihood programs, to know about the prevention of communicable diseases, birth control, and raising children with good nutrition. This investigation concludes therefore that people become vulnerable in places where development happened due to less educational attainment, and they move to dangerous places to feed and earn a living for their families and children. But if given the chance people are willing to engage in activities that would help elevate their economic condition.
What to Know About XEC, the New SARS-CoV-2 Variant Expected to Dominate Winter’s COVID-19 Wave
Authors: Rubin Rita
Published: November 2024

This Medical News article discusses XEC, the new SARS-CoV-2 “variant under monitoring” that’s gaining ground around the world.
Transcriptomic insights into the virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii during infection—role of iron uptake and siderophore production genes
Authors: Ten Kah Ern , Rahman Sadequr , Tan Hock Siew
Published: November 2024

Acinetobacter baumannii, a top‐priority WHO pathogen, causes life‐threatening infections in immunocompromised patients, leading to prolonged hospitalisation and high mortality. Here, we used the Galleria mellonella model to investigate community strain C98 (Ab‐C98) virulence via transcriptomic analysis. Ab‐C98 showed greater killing and faster colonisation in larvae than the clinical reference strain (ATCC BAA1605). Genes in three iron clusters, acinetobactin, baumannoferrin and the Feo system, were significantly up‐regulated. Targeted knockout of siderophore genes (basC, bfnD, and the gene encoding isochorismatase) significantly increased the survival of infected larvae by at least 35.16%, identifying these genes as potential targets for developing anti‐virulence agents against A. baumannii.
Integrative analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and exosomes from small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients: a comprehensive approach
Authors: Papakonstantinou Dimitrios , Roumeliotou Argyro , Pantazaka Evangelia , Shaukat Athanasios‐Nasir , Christopoulou Athina , Koutras Angelos , Dimitrakopoulos Foteinos‐Ioannis , Georgoulias Vassilis , Xagara Anastasia , Chantzara Evangelia , Koinis Fillipos , Kotsakis Athanasios , Stathopoulos Constantinos , Kallergi Galatea
Published: November 2024

The increased metastatic ability of small‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) necessitates the identification of new prognostic biomarkers for clinical evaluation during the disease course. Our previous research highlighted the clinical relevance of transcription factor JunB (JUNB), C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD‐L1) in breast and non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In the current study, we examined these biomarkers in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and plasma‐derived exosomes from 100 treatment‐naïve SCLC patients. CTCs were analyzed using the VyCAP system, whereas exosomes were characterized molecularly and transcriptomically. JUNB, CXCR4, and PD‐L1 were highly prevalent in CTCs. Patients exhibited significantly increased protein exosomal expression of JUNB and CXCR4 compared to healthy individuals. Overexpression of JUNB and CXCR4 in exosomes can distinguish patients from normal donors, offering an interesting tool for early diagnosis. The presence of JUNB and/or CXCR4 in CTCs correlated with significantly poorer overall survival. CXCR4 exosomal overexpression was associated with CTC presence and their phenotypes. Conclusively, a comprehensive analysis of CTCs and exosomes provides useful prognostic and potential diagnostic tools for SCLC patients.
Efficacy and safety of DL‐3‐N‐butylphthalide in the treatment of ischemic poststroke aphasia: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Tian Jing , Yang Peng , Yang Jianing , Wang Rui , Zhou Biyi , Zhang Kun , Zhao Yanying , Wang Binbin , Liu Lijuan , Chen Ruomeng , Wu Haoran , Miao Ruihan , Guo Li , Liu Xiaoyun
Published: November 2024

Objective

Poststroke aphasia (PSA) has a high prevalence and requires a long recovery period, severely impairing life and work. Its existing behavioral interventions, principally speech and language therapy, are limited by numerous factors. The aims of this study are to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DL‐3‐N‐butylphthalein (NBP) and explore its mechanism in the treatment of ischemic PSA.

Methods

Patients hospitalized in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University in China were randomly administered NBP soft capsules or placebo orally for 6 months from July 1, 2021, to February 25, 2023. Language skills were assessed using the Western Aphasia Battery‐Aphasia Quotient (WAB‐AQ). We collected plasma samples and detected neurotransmitters by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry.

Results

In total, 118 out of 124 patients were included in the outcome analysis. Compared with the control group, AQ values in the NBP group significantly improved at 6 months (U = 1187.5, p = 0.003). After eliminating baseline interference, NBP treatment was independently associated with the 6‐month AQ improvement [mean difference (MD) 0.106, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.018, 0.195, p = 0.019]. We observed no statistically significant difference between the groups in abnormal liver function at 1 month [relative risk (RR) 1.07, 95% CI 0.89, 1.28] and 6 months [RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.86, 1.42]. Statistically significant differences were observed in tyrosine (p = 0.043) and 5‐hydroxytryptophan (p = 0.041) between the two groups.

Interpretation

NBP treatment might promote the recovery of WAB‐AQ in patients with ischemic PSA by increasing levels of monoamine neurotransmitters.
Thermo‐mechanical Study on Auxetic Shape Memory Periodic Open Cellular Structures—Part II: Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties
Authors: Fink Alexander , Rudolf Dominik , Wahlmann Benjamin , Freund Hannsjörg , Körner Carolin
Published: November 2024

This study explores the potential of periodic open cellular structures (POCS) that combine the auxetic and the shape memory effect (SME) with the aim of enhancing heat transfer in catalytic tubular reactors. On the one hand, these structures exhibit a negative Poisson's ratio, contracting perpendicular to the load axis under compression, driven by the rotation of nodes generating complex stress fields. On the other hand, the shape memory alloy (SMA) Nitinol (NiTi) with a reversible strain of up to 8% produced via electron beam powder bed fusion (PBF‐EB) shows extraordinary material properties with a high degree of freedom in structure design. The study conducts finite element method simulations and experiments to design POCS with tailored properties. Compression tests on less expensive Ti‐6Al‐4V POCS compared to NiTi POCS validate the simulative parameter study applied to fabricate novel auxetic hexagonal reentrant structures from NiTi with a unique stacking order and curved struts. The aim of this part of the study is to offer a pathway to design a NiTi auxetic POCS based on validated simulations. Further, it explains the interactions between geometrical parameters and mechanical properties of cellular reentrant NiTi structures. An optimized auxetic NiTi POCS achieved a Poisson's ratio of −1.
Precise Molecular Engineering of Multi‐Suborganelle Targeted NIR Type‑I AIE Photosensitizer and Design of Cell Membrane‐Anchored Anti‐Tumor Pyroptosis Vaccine
Authors: Xiang Chunbai , Liu Yu , Ding Qihang , Jiang Ting , Li Chao , Xiang Jingjing , Yang Xing , Yang Ting , Wang Yue , Tan Yanfei , Mei Ling , Lu Zhiyun , Kim Jong Seung , Gong Ping
Published: November 2024

Photodynamically induced cell immunogenic death has emerged as an effective antitumor strategy because of its capacity to stimulate anti‐tumor immunity for eliminating primary tumors and metastases. Considering that the short‐lived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the anoxic tumor microenvironment restrict the efficacy of conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT), a molecular framework of near‐infrared (NIR) type I aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) photosensitivities with tunable sub‐organelles (including cell membranes, mitochondria, lipid drops, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum) targeting type I ROS in precisely regulated subcellular locations are designed. Subsequent studies have discovered that under 660 nm laser irradiation, the cell membrane‐targeted TCF‐Mem can effectively induce pyroptosis of cancer cells, fully enhancing anti‐tumor immunity in vivo in a preventive tumor vaccine model. Additionally, in vivo anti‐tumor type I PDT can eradicate the primary tumor and, more importantly, inhibit the growth of distant tumors through in vitro actions, thereby obtaining specific anti‐tumor immunity. This study provides a novel framework for the rational design of photosensitive sub‐organelles targeting NIR type I AIE and offers a new perspective for innovative PDT‐based tumor therapy and immune enhancement strategies.
Antitumor Cream: Transdermal Hydrogel Containing Liposome‐Encapsulated Ruthenium Complex for Infrared‐Controlled Multimodal Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Yan Yu‐Fei , Li Xue‐Lian , Zeng Li‐Zhen , Liu Qishuai , Cai Zhongyan , Ren Yanrong , Ren Xiaoxia , Gao Feng
Published: November 2024

A transdermal drug delivery cream, which is non‐invasive and painless, containing a liposome‐encapsulated Ru(II) complex (LipoRu) is created for the treatment of skin cancer. This formulation capitalizes on the synergistic antitumor effects of two‐photon excited photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and chemotherapy. LipoRu exhibits effective tumor accumulation, efficient cellular uptake, pH‐sensitive and infrared‐accelerated release, and dual localization to the nucleus and mitochondria. The released Ru(II) complexes within cells exert multiple antitumor mechanisms, such as DNA topoisomerase and RNA polymerase inhibition, Type I and II PDT, PTT, DNA photodamage, and apoptosis and ferroptosis induction. The biodistribution and therapeutic efficacy of LipoRu in vivo are systematically compared via three distinct administration routes: intratumoral injection, intravenous injection, and transdermal delivery through topical cream application. The positive therapeutic effects of the LipoRu cream fabricated here in subcutaneous tumor‐bearing mice offer optimistic potential for the painless and non‐invasive treatment of both early‐stage and advanced skin cancers, as well as superficially located solid tumors.
Scalable Multistep Roll‐to‐Roll Printing of Multifunctional and Robust Reentrant Microcavity Surfaces via a Wetting‐Induced Process
Authors: Choi Su Hyun , Shin Seungwoo , Kim Woo Young , Lee Je Min , Park Seo Rim , Kim Hyuntae , Woo Kyoohee , Kwon Sin , Fang Nicholas X. , Kim Seok , Cho Young Tae
Published: November 2024

Owing to their unique structural robustness, interconnected reentrant structures offer multifunctionality for various applications. a scalable multistep roll‐to‐roll printing method is proposed for fabricating reentrant microcavity surfaces, coined as wetting‐induced interconnected reentrant geometry (WING) process. The key to the proposed WING process is a highly reproducible reentrant structure formation controlled by the capillary action during contact between prefabricated microcavity structure and spray‐coated ultraviolet‐curable resins. It demonstrates the superior liquid repellency of the WING structures, which maintain large contact angles even with low‐surface‐tension liquids, and their robust capability to retain solid particles and liquids under external forces. In addition, the scalable and continuous fabrication approach addresses the limitations of existing methods, providing a cost‐effective and high‐throughput solution for creating multifunctional reentrant surfaces for anti‐icing, biofouling prevention, and particle capture.
Self‐Assembled Hollow Gyroids with Bicontinuous Mesostructures: A Highly Robust Electrocatalyst Fixation Platform
Authors: Lee Gun Ho , Choi Seongsu , Yang HyunWoo , Lee SangJae , Jang Hanhwi , Lee Gyu Rac , Kim Ye Ji , Cho EunAe , Jung Yeon Sik
Published: November 2024

The electrochemical degradation of Pt/C in commercial proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is a major challenge that limits their durability and performance. This degradation mainly arises from carbon corrosion, which facilitates the detachment of electrocatalyst particles that are weakly bound to catalyst supports. Herein, unusually robust hollow gyroid morphologies designed for strong electrocatalyst fixation and extensive surface accessibility during oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) are reported. To obtain self‐assembled gyroid nanostructures using a poly(styrene‐b‐2‐vinylpyridine) (PS‐b‐P2VP) block copolymer, a solvent vapour treatment with dimethylformamide, which is highly selective for the P2VP block, is applied. It is discovered that retaining residual solvent in the gyroid‐forming P2VP microdomain before carbonization is crucial for forming hollow gyroids with embedded electrocatalysts. These hollow gyroid carbon‐Pt (HGC‐Pt) nanostructures exhibit a 3.6‐fold enhancement in electrochemically active surface area compared to solid gyroid carbon (SGC) counterparts. Based on systematic analyses, this exceptional electrochemical stability is attributed to greatly enhanced surface accessibility derived from the hollow geometry, uniform and robust catalyst embedding, and extensive pyridinic nitrogen doping from the P2VP block.
Trace Adsorptive Removal of PFAS from Water by Optimizing the UiO‐66 MOF Interface
Authors: Ilić Nebojša , Tan Kui , Mayr Felix , Hou Shujin , Aumeier Benedikt M. , Morales Eder Moisés Cedeño , Hübner Uwe , Cookman Jennifer , Schneemann Andreas , Gagliardi Alessio , Drewes Jörg E. , Fischer Roland A. , Mukherjee Soumya
Published: November 2024

The confluence of pervasiveness, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in freshwater contaminants presents an environmental threat second to none. Exemplifying this trifecta, per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) present an alarming hazard among the emerging contaminants. State‐of‐the‐art PFAS adsorbents used in drinking water treatment, namely, activated carbons and ion‐exchange resins, are handicapped by low adsorption capacity, competitive adsorption, and/or slow kinetics. To overcome these shortcomings, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with tailored pore size, surface, and pore chemistry are promising alternatives. Thanks to the compositional modularity of MOFs and polymer–MOF composites, herein we report on a series of water‐stable zirconium carboxylate MOFs and their low‐cost polymer‐grafted composites as C8–PFAS adsorbents with benchmark kinetics and “parts per billion” removal efficiencies. Bespoke insights into the structure–function relationships of PFAS adsorbents are obtained by leveraging interfacial design principles on solid sorbents, creating a synergy between the extrinsic particle surfaces and intrinsic molecular building blocks.
Graphene Readout Silicon‐Based Microtube Photodetectors for Encrypted Visible Light Communication
Authors: Zhang Ziyu , Cai Tianjun , Li Zengxin , Wu Binmin , Zheng Zhi , You Chunyu , Jiang Guobang , Ma Mingze , Xu Zengyi , Shen Chao , Chen Xiang‐zhong , Song Enming , Cui Jizhai , Huang Gaoshan , Mei Yongfeng
Published: November 2024

The implementation of an advanced light receiver is imperative for the widespread application of visible light communication. However, the integration of multifunctional and high‐performance visible light receivers is still limited by device structure and system complexity. Herein, a graphene‐readout silicon‐based microtube photodetector is proposed as the receiver for omnidirectional Mbps‐level visible light communication. The integration of graphene‐semiconductor material systems simultaneously ensures the effective absorption of incident light and rapid readout of photogenerated carriers, and the device exhibits an ultrafast response speed of 75 ns and high responsivity of 6803 A W−1. In addition, the microtube photodetector realizes the omnidirectional light‐trapping and enhanced polarization photodetection. As the receiving end of the visible light communication system, the microtube photodetector achieves a data rate of up to 778 Mbps, a field of view of 140°, and the encrypted visible light communication of polarized light, providing a new possibility for the future development of the internet of things and information security.
Structural Composition and Disassembly Techniques for Efficient Recycling of Waste Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhu Zhiqi , Gao Xu
Published: November 2024

Lithium batteries represent a significant energy storage technology, with a wide range of applications in electronic products and emerging energy sectors. Concurrently, the high‐value recycling and utilization of waste lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) has emerged as a prominent area of research. This review commences with an examination of the structural composition, operational methodology, and inherent challenges associated with the recycling process of lithium‐ion batteries. Subsequently, the study conducts a comprehensive examination of the recycling technologies employed in the processing of waste lithium‐ion batteries over the past few years. This encompasses an in‐depth analysis of both primary treatment methodologies, including disassembly, discharge, and classification, as well as advanced treatment techniques such as pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, bio metallurgy technology, and direct regeneration, specifically tailored to LIBs. In addition, this article introduces several process strengthening technologies for traditional treatment methods, identifies current research limitations, and proposes recommendations for the future recycling and reuse of waste lithium‐ion battery cathodes.
Novel Use of Magnesium Hydride to Prevent Peritoneal Adhesions by Regulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Gong Chuchen , Li Bohui , Wang Yajie , Wang Pei , Xie Qianyin , Liu Enze , Fan Jinchen , Wang Mingsong , Wang Xiansong , Ji Guangyu
Published: November 2024

Peritoneal adhesions (PAs) represent a significant clinical challenge, primarily arising from excessive post‐surgical inflammation, which leads to the deposition of fibrin and extracellular matrix, forming adhesive bands that can cause severe complications such as intestinal obstruction and infertility. Current therapeutic options offer limited efficacy in preventing or treating PAs, highlighting the need for new strategies. To address this issue, magnesium hydride (MgH₂) microparticles capable are developed of stable hydrogen (H₂) storage and controlled release to regulate inflammation and promote tissue regeneration. The antioxidant properties, inflammation modulation, and H₂ release profile of MgH₂ are evaluated in vitro, while its anti‐adhesion, angiogenic, and regenerative effects are assessed in vivo using postoperative rat models. These findings demonstrate that MgH₂ significantly mitigates inflammatory dysregulation, reduces oxidative stress, and effectively prevents peritoneal adhesion formation at wound sites. These results suggest that MgH₂ offers a promising therapeutic approach for preventing PAs and supporting beneficial tissue regeneration, presenting a potential clinical solution for postoperative adhesion management.
Protein‐Derived Carbon Dots: Effects of Synthesis Parameters on Retained Protein Function
Authors: Strickland Sara A. , Fourroux Luke A. , McKay McKenna M. , Pappas Dimitri
Published: November 2024

Novel‐protein‐derived carbon dots have recently been reported with high biocompatibility, superior spatial resolution, photobleaching resistance, customizability, and no post‐synthesis conjugation requirement. These nanoparticles bring new capabilities in bioimaging and targeted therapeutics. Protein‐based carbon dots contain a carbon core and surface groups from the protein that can retain molecular recognition properties. In this work, a systematic study of synthesis conditions to tune nanoparticle protein function is presented. Bovine serum albumin is used as the model protein to simulate what synthesis parameter alterations yield valuable changes to nanoparticles such as red‐shifted photoluminescence, specific size distribution, and surface chemistry functionalization. The dissociation constant, KD is also calculated, for model BSA‐derived NPs and simulated the 1:1 protein‐ligand binding at equilibrium. It is found that increased temperatures generally led to higher quantum yields and more red‐shifted CDs believed to be due to larger diameters, while nitrogen doping decreased. However, when using microwave radiation, generally NPs are larger and has a 2.5–4.4% increase in nitrogen, resulting in the most red‐shifted and highest quantum yield samples. Oven samples possessed 1.6–17.5x lower KD compared to microwave samples. Understanding the effects of these parameters on CD characteristics enables scientists to rationally design CDs properties for specific applications.
Role of Ag Nanowires: MXenes in Optimizing Flexible, Semitransparent Bifacial Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells for Building‐Integrated Photovoltaics: A SCAPS‐1D Modeling Approach
Authors: Alathlawi Hussain J. , Rabhi Selma , Hidouri Tarak , Adawi Hind , Makin Fadiyah A. , Alsam Amani A.
Published: November 2024

Semi‐transparent perovskite solar cells (ST‐PSCs) offer a promising pathway for use in building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems instead of conventional panels’ roofs. Furthermore, their potential for bifacial operation, allowing light absorption from both sides, creates new opportunities for their integration as solar cells windows, and greatly improves energy harvesting capacities. This combination of bifaciality and flexibility enhances their efficiency and adaptability, making them well‐suited for integration into various architectural elements. Herein, in this study, the performance of 40 different configurations of bifacial flexible semi‐transparent inverted perovskite solar cells (BF‐STIPSCs) is explored. Using SCAPS‐1D (version 3.3.11), a 3D‐perovskite (PVK) absorber layer is modeled and combined with polymer‐based electron transport layers (ETLs) such as C60 and BCP, along with innovative hole transport layers (HTLs) including D‐PBTTT‐14, Me‐4PACz, NiOx, PANI, Poly‐TPD, PATAA, SrCuO2, V2O5. Various transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) including IWO, ITO, and FTO, and flexible substrates such as silver nanowires (AgNWs) with two‐dimensional transition carbide (MXene: T2CF2) are also examined for their effects on the cells' bifaciality, transparency, and stability. Among the configurations, PET/Ag NWs:MXenes /SrCuO2/(FAPbI3)0.95(MAPbBr3)0.05/C60/BCP/FTO is identified as a high‐performance structure, achieving a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ≈26%, along with enhanced resilience to temperature variations. These results hold great promise for the integration of perovskite‐based semitransparent bifacial flexible solar cells into real‐world applications.
Postbiotics From Lactobacillus Johnsonii Activates Gut Innate Immunity to Mitigate Alcohol‐Associated Liver Disease
Authors: Yin Ruopeng , Wang Tao , Sun Jingzu , Dai Huanqin , Zhang Yuting , Liu Ningning , Liu Hongwei
Published: November 2024

Prolonged alcohol consumption disrupts the gut microbiota and the immune system, contributing to the pathogenesis of alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD). Probiotic‐postbiotic intervention strategies can effectively relieve ALD by maintaining gut homeostasis. Herein, the efficacy of heat‐killed Lactobacillus johnsonii (HKLJ) in mitigating alcoholic liver damage is demonstrated in mouse models of ALD. The gut‐liver axis is identified as a pivotal pathway for the protective effects of L. johnsonii against ALD. Specifically, HKLJ is found to upregulate the expression of intestinal lysozymes, thereby enhancing the production of immunoregulatory substances from gut bacteria, which subsequently activated the Nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2)‐interleukin (IL‐23)‐IL‐22 innate immune axis. The elevated IL‐22 upregulated the antimicrobial peptide synthesis to maintain intestinal homeostasis and moreover activated the Signal transducer and activator of Transcription3 (STAT3) pathway in the liver to facilitate the repair of hepatic injuries. The heat‐killed L. johnsonii provoked immunity helps correct the gut microbiota dysbiosis, specifically by reversing the reduction of butyrate‐producing bacteria (such as Faecalibaculum rodentium) and the expansion of opportunistic pathogens (such as Helicobacter sp. and Pichia kudriavzevii) induced by ethanol. The findings provide novel insights into the gut microbiota‐liver axis that may be leveraged to enhance the treatment of ALD.
Time‐Lapse Acquisition of Both Freely Secreted Proteome and Exosome Encapsulated Proteome in Live Organoids’ Microenvironment
Authors: Yan Haoni , Abdulla Aynur , Wang Aiting , Ding Shuyu , Zhang Manlin , Zhang Yizhi , Zhuang Tsz Yui , Wu Leqi , Wang Yan , Ren Rongrong , Jiang Lai , Ding Xianting
Published: November 2024

Proteomic communications in neighboring microenvironments during early organ development is a dynamic process that continuously reshapes human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) developmental fate. Such dynamic proteomic alteration in the microenvironment consists of both freely secreted proteome and exosome‐encapsulated proteome. Simultaneous monitoring of the time‐lapse shift of both proteomes with live organoids remains technically challenging. Here, a continuous organoid secretion/encapsulation proteome tandem LC‐MS/MS (COSEP‐LCM) is introduced, which permits time‐lapse monitoring of proteomic alterations both in free secretion form and in exosome encapsulated form at live organoids’ microenvironment. Continuous growth of human cerebral organoids (COs) and free‐secretion/exosome‐encapsulation proteomics acquisition with COSEP‐LCM for 60 days is demonstrated. SERPINF1, F5, and EFNB1 are initially enriched inside exosomes as encapsulated excretion and then gradually enriched outside exosomes as freely secreted excretion, while C3 is initially enriched outside exosomes as freely secreted excretion and gradually enriched inside exosomes as encapsulated excretion. Such dynamic excretion pattern paradigm shift may imply critical developmental strategy evolution during early human cerebral development. COSEP‐LCM offers a platform technique for continuous inside/outside exosome proteomics co‐analysis in live organoids’ microenvironment.
Unsupervised Learning‐Assisted Acoustic‐Driven Nano‐Lens Holography for the Ultrasensitive and Amplification‐Free Detection of Viable Bacteria
Authors: Zhou Yang , Zhao Junpeng , Wen Junping , Wu Ziyan , Dong Yongzhen , Chen Yiping
Published: November 2024

Bacterial infection is a crucial factor resulting in public health issues worldwide, often triggering epidemics and even fatalities. The accurate, rapid, and convenient detection of viable bacteria is an effective method for reducing infections and illness outbreaks. Here, an unsupervised learning–assisted and surface acoustic wave–interdigital transducer‐driven nano‐lens holography biosensing platform is developed for the ultrasensitive and amplification‐free detection of viable bacteria. The monitoring device integrated with the nano‐lens effect can achieve the holographic imaging of polystyrene microsphere probes in an ultra‐wide field of view (∽28.28 mm2), with a sensitivity limit of as low as 99 nm. A lightweight unsupervised learning hologram processing algorithm considerably reduces training time and computing hardware requirements, without requiring datasets with manual labels. By combining phage–mediated viable bacterial DNA extraction and enhanced CRISPR–Cas12a systems, this strategy successfully achieves the ultrasensitive detection of viable Salmonella in various real samples, demonstrating enhanced accuracy validated with the qPCR benchmark method. This approach has a low cost (∽$500) and is rapid (∽1 h) and highly sensitive (∽38 CFU mL−1), allowing for the amplification‐free detection of viable bacteria and emerging as a powerful tool for food safety inspection and clinical diagnosis.
A Study on the Inflammatory Response of the Brain in Neurosyphilis
Authors: Zhang Qiyu , Ma Jie , Zhou Jia , Zhang Hanlin , Li Mansheng , Gong Huizi , Wang Yujie , Zheng Heyi , Li Jun , Leng Ling
Published: November 2024

Neurosyphilis (NS) is a clinical condition caused by infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by Treponema pallidum (Tp) that can lead to asymptomatic meningitis and more serious neurological diseases, such as dementia and blindness. However, current studies on the pathogenesis of NS are limited. Here, through the integration analysis of proteomics and single‐cell transcriptomics, Toll‐like/NF‐κB signaling is identified as the key pathway involved in CNS damage caused by Tp. Moreover, monocyte‐derived macrophages are key cells involved in the inflammatory response to Tp in the CNS of NS patients. In addition, it is found that inflammatory cells in peripheral blood may cause neurological damage through disruption of the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) in individuals with NS. Notably, activation of the Toll‐like/NF‐κB signaling pathway, as well as dysregulation of neural function, is likewise validated in an in vitro NS brain organoid model. In conclusion, the results revealed the mechanisms of inflammation‐mediated brain injury in Tp‐induced NS and provided new ideas for the clinical treatment of Tp infection.
CRISPR/Cas Enzyme Catalysis in Liquid–Liquid Phase‐Separated Systems
Authors: Zhang Yaqin , Chen Jianai , Wu Zhina , Zhao Chenfei , Wang Rui , Li Zhiping , Wang Jiasi , Wang Di
Published: November 2024

The clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) /CRISPR‐associated proteins (Cas) system is the immune system in bacteria and archaea and has been extensively applied as a critical tool in bioengineering. Investigation of the mechanisms of catalysis of CRISPR/Cas systems in intracellular environments is essential for understanding the underlying catalytic mechanisms and advancing CRISPR‐based technologies. Here, the catalysis mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas systems are investigated in an aqueous two‐phase system (ATPS) comprising PEG and dextran, which simulated the intracellular environment. The findings revealed that nucleic acids and proteins tended to be distributed in the dextran‐rich phase. The results demonstrated that the cis‐cleavage activity of Cas12a is enhanced in the ATPS, while its trans‐cleavage activity is suppressed, and this finding is further validated using Cas13a. Further analysis by increasing the concentration of the DNA reporter revealed that this phenomenon is not attributed to the slow diffusion of the reporter, and explained why Cas12a and Cas13a do not randomly cleave nucleic acids in the intracellular compartment. The study provides novel insights into the catalytic mechanisms of CRISPR/Cas systems under physiological conditions and may contribute to the development of CRISPR‐based molecular biological tools.
Noncontact Monitoring and Imaging of the Operation and Performance of Thin‐Film Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Jeong Kwangsik , Shin Dong yeob , Park Ji‐Min , Yi Dong‐Joon , Hong Hyunmin , Kim Hyun‐Suk , Chung Kwun‐Bum
Published: November 2024

In this study, the first noncontact and non‐destructive methodology is developed for monitoring and imaging the operation and performance of thin‐film field‐effect transistors (TFTs) using second‐harmonic generation (SHG) imaging. By analyzing the SHG signal intensity, which is directly related to the electric field at the interface between the semiconductor channel and gate insulator, critical electrical parameters such as the threshold voltage (VTH) and flat‐band voltage (VFB) are successfully determined. These findings demonstrate a strong correlation between SHG signals and VTH and VFB in InGaZnO TFTs under various process conditions. Notably, the method achieves an unprecedented resolution of ΔVFB below 100 mV in assessing electrical properties through SHG measurements, surpassing conventional spectroscopy techniques. Furthermore, a system is developed to monitor and image the TFT array operation and performance, enabling us to distinguish between pass and fail devices and measure the VTH distribution based on the SHG intensity. This approach facilitates early failure detection and supports efficient curing during manufacturing, thereby marking significant advancements in TFT technology and quality control processes.