bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kelayakan & Kepraktisan Video Saksang Sebagai Koagulan Keju Untuk Bahan Pengayaan Materi Bioteknologi
Authors: Kartika Vivi Julia , Rahayu Hanum Mukti , Setiadi Anandita Eka , Wulandari Agistha
Published: March 2023

Kegiatan pengayaan dilaksanakan dengan tujuan memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk memperdalam penguasaan materi bioteknologi yang berkaitan. Video pembuatan keju menggunakan daun saksang sebagai koagulan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengayaan pada materi bioteknologi siswa kelas XII MIA SMA Taman Mulia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kelayakan dan kepraktisan media video pemanfaatan saksang sebagai koagulan keju menggunakan aplikasi sparkol videoscribe untuk pengayaan materi bioteknologi. Metode penelitian menggunakan RD (Research and Development) dengan model 4-D yang dimodifikasi menjadi 3 tahapan yaitu: Define (Perencanaan), Design (Perancangan), dan Develop (Pengembangan). Pengumpulan data kelayakan menggunakan lembar validasi yang diisi oleh 9 validator ahli. Kepraktisan diukur menggunakan angket respon yang diisi oleh 6 siswa pada uji coba skala kecil dan 18 siswa pada uji coba skala besar. Hasil penelitian menunjukan media video yang dikembangkan memiliki tingkat kelayakan yang sangat valid pada aspek materi (83,11%), pada aspek media (93,77%),sedangkan pada aspek bahasa terkategori valid (75,33%). Hasil uji coba skala kecil dan uji coba skala besar terkategori sangat praktis dengan presentase 89,23% dan 90,97%. Dapat disimpulkan media yang dikembangan layak dan sangat praktis dari siswa.
Rozważania dotyczące praktycznych skutków wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego SK 39/19
Authors: Grabowski Jędrzej
Published: March 2023

W niniejszym artykule Autor opisuje swoje rozważania dotyczące praktycznych skutków wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z perspektywy podmiotów gospodarczych. Metodami badawczymi użytymi przez Autora były metoda empiryczna oraz metoda formalno-dogmatyczna. Autor podjął próbę wyjaśnienia wątpliwości powstałych na tle przedmiotowego wyroku.
Legal Standing in Environmental Litigation before Regional International Courts in Africa and Latin America
Authors: Kahl Sonja
Published: March 2023

This article compares the rules governing legal standing before selected regional international judicial and quasi-judicial bodies in Africa and Latin America from a perspective of environmental litigation. The focus is on active legal standing of private entities in contentious proceedings against states. The article sytematizes the rules governing legal standing into two broad categories: rights based and public interest litigation. Subsequently, the approach of each court will be analyzed on the basis of its procedural rules and jurisprudence. Several trends can be identified, including a tendency of human rights courts to move towards public interest litigation, a trend to grant non-governmental organizations a privileged position to initiate environmental litigation, and the development of Community rights based approached by courts for regional economic integration that could become relevant in the future.
A bankválságok okai és reálgazdasági hatásai : A 2022. évi közgazdasági Nobel-díjasok munkássága
Authors: Világi Balázs
Published: March 2023

2022-ben a közgazdasági Nobel-díjat Ben S. Bernanke, Douglas W. Diamond és Philip H. Dybvig kapta megosztva, azokért a pénzügyi rendszerre vonatkozó kutatásokért, amelyekkel elősegítették a bankpánikok okainak és következményeinek a megértését. Diamond és Dybvig megmutatta, hogy a bankrendszer a lejárati transzformáció, illetve a delegált ellenőrzés segítségével társadalmilag hasznos szolgáltatásokat nyújt, ugyanakkor arra is felhívták a figyelmet, hogy a lejárati transzformáció miatt a bankrendszer alapvetően sérülékeny, és ha nem szabályozzák megfelelően, akkor bekövetkezhetnek bankpánikok. Bernanke pedig a bankrendszer makroökonómiai jelentőségét bizonyította, illetve a bankpánikok káros makroökonómiai hatásait elemezte. Kutatásaikkal hozzájárultak egy olyan szabályozási környezet elméleti megalapozásához, amely elősegíti a pénzügyi rendszer hatékony és pánikmentes működését.
Avaliação do plano de estratégias de enfrentamento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis no Amapá, 2018-2022
Authors: Nunes Anna Alice Garcia Caldas , Borges Danielle Di Lorena Cearense , Pimenta Paulo Rossi da Silva , Souza Vanessa Gomes de , Fecury Amanda Alves , Pureza Demilto Yamaguchi da , Andrade Rosemary Ferreira de
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o plano de estratégias de enfrentamento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, no Estado do Amapá, do período de 2018 a 2022. Métodos: Estudo avaliativo e documental, sendo avaliados as taxas de mortalidade prematura e os fatores de risco para as doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, segundo os dados do Global Burden of Disease e do inquérito Vigitel. Resultados: A variação nas taxas de mortalidade prematura das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, entre 2018 e 2022 foi maior que a meta de redução anual de 2%. O declínio foi menor em 2018, mas a taxa de mortalidade subiu nos demais anos. Com relação a avaliação de óbitos prematuros por essas doenças, as relacionadas ao aparelho circulatório foi a mais comum, correspondendo a 40,1% desses óbitos. Ao avaliar os percentuais desses óbitos por sexo, foi possível verificar que os homens em todos os anos avaliados, apresentaram superiores comprados ao de mulheres. Foram identificados ainda a prevalência de fatores de risco para tabagismo, obesidade, inatividade física, excesso de bebida alcoólica, diabetes mellitus e hipertensão arterial, em que se pode observar que as taxas são maiores nos primeiros anos investigados, havendo significância estatística, só não para excesso de bebida e hipertensão. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo exemplificam que a pesquisa em doenças crônicas tem papel fundamental no auxílio aos planos estratégicos implementados pelo governo, na tentativa de reduzir a morbimortalidade por doenças crônicas não transmissíveis.
Implicações do tempo de tela no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de crianças autistas
Authors: Leitão Clara Monteiro , Lima Júnior Umberto Marinho de , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Verificar os impactos do Tempo de Tela no desenvolvimento de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que possui como pergunta norteadora: “Pacientes pediátricos portadores do Transtorno do Espectro Autista possuem maiores implicações do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor quando em uso do Tempo de Tela?”. Os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) adotados em inglês foram: “Autism Spectrum Disorder”, Children e “Screen Time”. Obteve-se os estudos na base de dados eletrônica: US Nacional Library of Medicine National institutes of Health (PubMed) e nas bibliotecas: The Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). Foram aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão, culminando em 07 artigos incluídos após a triagem. Resultados: 41,66% das publicações demonstraram a existência de problemas na comunicação social, 33,33% deles afirmaram piora dos sintomas do transtorno autístico ou o surgimento deles nas crianças expostas a telas, ademais, 16,66 % afirmaram existir problemas na qualidade do sono e 8,33 % demonstram o surgimento de sobrepeso e obesidade nas crianças com TEA que utilizam tela. Considerações finais: Os achados sugerem implicações para o desenvolvimento das crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista quando expostas ao Tempo de Tela.
Manifestações cutâneas em profissionais de saúde da linha de frente à COVID-19
Authors: Jucá Natália Braga Hortêncio , Caprara Andrea
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Identificar na literatura científica as alterações de pele mais prevalentes em profissionais de saúde da linha de frente à COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura, com artigos publicados de 2020 a 2022, nos idiomas português e inglês e com texto completo disponível. Utilizou-se como questão norteadora: Quais alterações de pele profissionais de saúde que trabalham em atendimento a pacientes com COVID-19 estão apresentando em vigência da nova realidade de trabalho? A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada em dezembro de 2022, utilizando as bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), SCIELO, Acervo+ Index Base e PubMed por meio dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Pele, Profissionais de Saúde e Pandemia, realizando combinações dos termos com o uso do operador booleano “AND”. Resultados: No total, 11 artigos obedeceram aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, os quais mostraram agravamento de dermatoses pré-existentes, surgimento de dermatoses secundárias ao estresse psíquico e ocupacional e dermatocompulsões. Considerações finais: Deve-se dar atenção às manifestações cutâneas em profissionais de saúde da linha de frente à COVID-19, pois estas podem sinalizar distúrbios físicos e psicológicos subjacentes.
Capsaicin fails to produce changes in contractile tension in large gut of neonate rats
Authors: Singh Shuchita , Sharma Parul , Dixit Devarshi , Mandal Maloy B.
Published: March 2023

Objectives:

Capsaicin, the most pungent constituent of chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), is known to alter the physiological activity of the gut. Capsaicin mediates its action through a transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channel. The action of capsaicin on gut smooth muscle varies from segment to segment in different species. The earlier studies were carried out in adult animals only, and its status in the neonate gut, which is in a development stage, is not known. Objective: Therefore, the present study was done to assess the effect of capsaicin on the large gut of neonates.

Materials and Methods:

In an organ bath preparation, isometric contractions were recorded from segments of dissected rat colon and rectum. The gut segments were exposed to cumulative concentrations of capsaicin (0.01 nM–3 µM) and a capsaicin-induced contractile response was observed. TRPV1 receptor antagonist capsazepine (1 µM) and a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME (100 µM), were used to assess their blocking effect on capsaicin-induced contractile response.

Results:

Capsaicin raised contractile tension in the colon and rectum of adult rats but not in neonate rats. In adult rats, capsazepine pre-treatment (1 µM) failed to block the capsaicin-induced response in the colon, but in the lower concentrations, it increased contractile tension in the rectum. Pre-application of L-NAME (100 µM) potentiated capsaicin-induced response in the adult rectum and neonate’s colon but had no effect in the neonate rectum and adult colon. Capsaicin with a low concentration (0.01 nM–0.01 µM) increased contractile frequency in both the colon and rectum of adult rats. However, the effect of capsaicin on frequency was abolished at higher concentrations (0.01 µM–3 µM). A capsaicin-evoked change in contractile frequency in adult rats was blocked by capsazepine and L-NAME. At lower concentrations (0.01 nM–0.01 µM), capsaicin did not show any change in frequency in the neonatal colon, while a decrease in contractile frequency was observed with the higher concentrations (0.1 µM–3 µM) of capsaicin. In neonates, capsazepine pre-treatment produced changes in frequency for both the colon and rectum. However, pre-application of L-NAME decreased frequency in the neonate rectum but not in the colon.

Conclusion:

Capsaicin-induced changes in contractile activity may or may not involve TRPV1 or the Nitric Oxide (NO) pathway, depending on the part of the large gut and developmental maturity.
Enabling Direct Photoelectrochemical H₂ Production using Alternative Oxidation Reactions on WO₃
Authors: Plainpan Nukorn , Ketkaew Rangsiman , Luber Sandra , Sivula Kevin
Published: March 2023

The efficient and inexpensive conversion of solar energy into chemical bonds, such as in H2 via the photoelectrochemical splitting of H2O, is a promising route to produce green industrial feedstocks and renewable fuels, which is a key goal of the NCCR Catalysis. However, the oxidation product of the water splitting reaction, O2, has little economic or industrial value. Thus, upgrading key chemical species using alternative oxidation reactions is an emerging trend. WO3 has been identified as a unique photoanode material for this purpose since it performs poorly in the oxygen evolution reaction in H2O. Herein we highlight a collaboration in the NCCR Catalysis that has gained insights at the atomic level of the WO3 surface with ab initio computational methods that help to explain its unique catalytic activity. These computational efforts give new context to experimental results employing WO3 photoanodes for the direct photoelectrochemical oxidation of biomass-derived 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural. While yield for the desired product, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid is low, insights into the reaction rate constants using kinetic modelling and an electrochemical technique called derivative voltammetry, give indications on how to improve the system.
Improving Enzyme Fitness with Machine Learning
Authors: Patsch David , Buller Rebecca
Published: March 2023

The combinatorial composition of proteins has triggered the application of machine learning in enzyme engineering. By predicting how protein sequence encodes function, researchers aim to leverage machine learning models to select a reduced number of optimized sequences for laboratory measurement with the aim to lower costs and shorten timelines of enzyme engineering campaigns. In this review, we will highlight successful algorithm-aided protein engineering examples, including work carried out within the NCCR Catalysis. In this context, we will discuss the underlying computational methods developed to improve enzyme properties such as enantioselectivity, regioselectivity, activity, and stability. Considering the rapid maturing of computational techniques, we expect that their continued application in enzyme engineering campaigns will be key to deliver additional powerful biocatalysts for sustainable chemical synthesis.
Swiss CAT+, a Data-driven Infrastructure for Accelerated Catalysts Discovery and Optimization
Authors: Laveille Paco , Miéville Pascal , Chatterjee Sourav , Clerc Elisa , Cousty Jean-Charles , De Nanteuil Florian , Lam Erwin , Mariano Edy , Ramirez Adrian , Randrianarisoa Urielle , Villat Keyan , Copéret Christophe , Cramer Nicolai
Published: March 2023

The Catalysis Hub – Swiss CAT+ is a new infrastructure project funded by ETH-domain, co-headed by EPFL and ETHZ. It offers the scientific community a unique integrated technology platform combining automated and high-throughput experimentation with advanced computational data analysis to accelerate the discoveries in the field of sustainable catalytic technologies. Divided into two hubs of expertise, homogeneous catalysis at EPFL and heterogeneous catalysis at ETHZ, the platform is open to academic and private research groups. Following a multi-year investment plan, both hubs have acquired and developed several high-end robotic platforms devoted to the synthesis, characterization, and testing of large numbers of molecular and solid catalysts. The hardware is associated with a fully digitalized experimental workflow and a specific data management strategy to support closed-loop experimentation and advanced computational data analysis.
DEFENSE COUNSEL AS SUBJECT OF PROOF IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Бозиев Т.О. , Токарева Е.В.
Published: March 2023

В статье рассматриваются проблемные аспекты, возникающие при осуществлении защитником доказывания по уголовным делам. Авторами проанализированы вопросы реализации защитником своих полномочий при участии в следственных и процессуальных действиях в состязательном судопроизводстве России.

The article focuses on problematic issues the counsel for the defense faces in the course of proving in criminal cases. The authors provide analysis of specific matters related to exercising defense counselor’s powers while participating in investigative and procedural activities in adversarial proceedings in Russia.
SPECIFICITIES OF ERECTING A DWELLING HOUSE UTILIZING MATERNITY CAPITAL
Authors: Смирнова Е.М. , Карпина Н.Н.
Published: March 2023

В статье исследуется специфика строительства жилого дома семьями с детьми при использовании средств материнского капитала. Авторы выявляют условия, которые позволят семьям с детьми минимизировать предпринимаемые усилия в части использования средств материнского капитала для возведения жилого строения. Особое внимание авторы обращают на юридические особенности разграничения процессов самостоятельного строения жилого дома или возводимого в рамках заключенного подрядного договора со строительной организацией с использованием средств материнского капитала. В статье также рассмотрены возможные риски, обусловленные нарушением сроков выделения долей на детей и государственной регистрации жилого строения.

The article examines specificities of having a dwelling house erected by families with children utilizing maternity capital. The authors identify terms and conditions that will allow families with children to minimize efforts undertaken with regard to utilizing maternity capital to have a residential house built. Particular attention is paid by the authors to legal features of differentiation between an individual construction of a residential house or erection under the contractor agreement with a construction company using maternity capital. The article also discusses possible risks stemming from the breach of terms of allocating shares for children as well as the ones resulted from failure to meet the deadline for state registration of a dwelling house.
ORGANIZATION AND ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES OF DETERMINING INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS BY THE EXAMPLE OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS
Authors: Макаров В.В. , Синица С.А. , Стародубов Д.О.
Published: March 2023

Авторами проведён поиск и исследование организационно-экономических признаков детерминирования инновационных экосистем, выражающих границы принадлежности субъектов к экосистеме. Сформулированы основные принципы детерминирования и обозначены характерные черты их экономического взаимодействия, раскрыта специфика мотивации и целеполагания. Обоснована логика классификации субъектов по принадлежности к инновационной экосистеме и внешним эксплуатантам на примере разделения телекоммуникационной и инфокоммуникационной индустрий. Представлена эмпирическая модель баланса экономических потоков инновационной экосистемы в жизненном цикле инновационного продукта, локализующая границы инновационной экосистемы и внешней среды с позиции экономического взаимодействия хозяйствующих субъектов в инновационном цикле.

We distinguish and research organization and economic characteristics of determining innovation ecosystems expressing the degree of subjects’ affiliation with ecosystem. We introduce the main determination principles and describe the features of their economic interaction; the specificity of motivation and goal-setting is revealed. We substantiate the logic of classifying the subjects from the point of view of their belonging to innovation ecosystem and external operators by the example of the division of telecommunications and infocommunications industries. We introduce an empirical model of the balance of economic flows of innovation ecosystem in innovation product lifecycle locating the borders of innovation ecosystem and external environment from the point of view of economic interaction of business entities in innovation cycle.
ANALYSIS OF TRENDS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPING MEDICAL AND HEALTH TOURISM IN ST. PETERSBURG
Authors: Латышева А.А.
Published: March 2023

На основе анализа работ зарубежных и отечественных исследователей в статье рассмотрены ключевые аспекты развития сферы медицинского и лечебно-оздоровительного туризма. Выявлены и проанализированы отрицательные и положительные аспекты, влияющие на развитие медицинского и лечебно-оздоровительного туризма. Проведен SWOT-анализ рынка медицинского туризма в Санкт-Петербурге, представлен ряд авторских предложений по его устойчивому развитию.

Based on the analysis of international and domestic research, we consider the key aspects of medical and health tourism. We reveal and analyze negative and positive aspects affecting the development of medical and health tourism development. We carry out a SWOT analysis of St. Petersburg market of medical tourism and present a number of proposals concerning its sustainable development.
Formal Verification of STPA with Model Checking
Authors: Kwon Ryeonggu , Kwon Gihwon
Published: March 2023

As technology advances, hardware-centric systems are rapidly moving towards software-centric ones, and their complexity is rapidly increasing. In particular, systems directly related to safety require thorough verification. Model checking exhaustively explores the state space of the abstracted system to check whether properties written in a logical formula are achieved. In this paper, the control algorithm of the controller is verified using model checking to discover risk scenarios during the STPA steps. Two case studies are conducted using the widely used model checkers NuSMV and UPPAAL. We then explain the empirical results and compare two model checkers based on their characteristics. Finally, we discuss the benefits of applying model checking in the process of STPA.
Analysis of Recreational Diving Training According to the CMAS International Diving Confederations, SSI Diving School System and American NAUI and PADI Associations
Authors: Ratajczak Jakub , Wieczorek Mikołaj , Rutkowski Grzegorz
Published: March 2023

The article describes and compares various methods of obtaining basic diving licences on the example of CMAS international diving confederations, the SSI diving school system and two American diving associations, NAUI and PADI. According to Divers Alert Network Europe, 189 fatalities related to diving occurred in 2018, most of which may have been prevented by sufficient training. The article describes what prerequisites must be met in order to obtain the basic qualifications to practice recreational diving in each of the above-mentioned diving organisations. Therefore, the article compares various training processes for a recreational scuba diver implemented in four selected organisations.
Multistep retrosynthesis combining a disconnection aware triple transformer loop with a route penalty score guided tree search
Authors: Kreutter David , Reymond Jean-Louis
Published: March 2023

Computer-aided synthesis planning (CASP) aims to automatically learn organic reactivity from literature and perform retrosynthesis of unseen molecules. CASP systems must learn reactions sufficiently precisely to propose realistic disconnections while avoiding overfitting to leave room for diverse options, and explore possible routes such as to allow short synthetic sequences to emerge. Herein we report an open-source CASP tool proposing original solutions to both challenges. First, we use a triple transformer loop (TTL) predicting starting materials (T1), reagents (T2), and products (T3) to explore various disconnections sites defined by combining exhaustive, template-based and transformer-based tagging procedures. Second, we integrate TTL into a multistep tree search algorithm (TTLA) prioritizing sequences using a route penalty score (RPScore) considering the number of steps, their confidence score, and the simplicity of all intermediates along the route. Our approach favours short synthetic routes to commercial starting materials, as exemplified by retrosynthetic analyses of recently approved drugs.
Voltage imaging with engineered proton-pumping Rhodopsins: Insights from the proton transfer pathway
Authors: Meng Xin , Ganapathy Srividya , van Roemburg Lars , Post Marco , Brinks Daan
Published: March 2023

Voltage imaging using genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVI) has taken the field of neuroscience by storm in the past decade. Its ability to create subcellular and network level readouts of electrical dynamics depends critically on the kinetics of the response to voltage of the indicator used. Engineered Microbial Rhodopsins form a GEVI sub-class known for their high voltage sensitivity and fast response kinetics. Here we review the essential aspects of mi-crobial rhodopsin photocycles that are critical to understanding the mechanisms of voltage sensitivity in these pro-teins and link them to insights from efforts to create faster, brighter and more sensitive Microbial Rhodopsin-based GEVIs.
Stereodivergent Synthesis of Enantiopure Oligomers with Tailored Physical Properties
Authors: Li Guofeng , Huang Zixuan , Noble Benjamin , Thomas Donald , Chu Yingying , Liu Ruizhe , Zhang Lei , Satoh Kotaro , Kamigaito Masami , Coote Mchelle , Wang Xing , Xu Jiangtao
Published: March 2023

Stereochemistry can significantly affect the chemical and physical properties of synthetic polymers. Compared to the structural precision of natural biomacromolecules (e.g. proteins and nucleic acids) that are chiral and enantiopure, fully controlling the stereochemistry of synthetic polymers is considerably more challenging. However, the development of next generation polymer materials will require increasing levels of microstructural control and an in-depth understanding of structure-property relationships. Herein, we assemble an unprecedented library of enantiopure oligomers, specifically indene-maleimide-indene trimers, with identical primary structure but different stereochemistry through a novel highly stereoselective radical addition process. Full characterization of these unique trimers reveals that the structural rigidity and molecular compactness are responsible for their unique physical properties, including crystallization, glass transition temperature and optical activity. This strategy provides an innovative means to build oligomeric blocks for synthetic polymers and tailor their physical properties.
Aggregation characteristics of non-aromatic polar amino acids and its association to amyloids
Authors: Gour Nidhi , Jaiswal Ankita , Patel , Monisha , Revi Neeraja , Rengan Aravind
Published: March 2023

Aggregation of amino acids to amyloid like structures is known to have implications in the pathophysiology of single amino acids based inborn-errors of metabolism (IEMs). Studying the aggregation properties of amino acids is of crucial interest also to understand the association of these IEMs to amyloid associated diseases. Hence, herein we have studied the self-assembly of different non-aromatic charged/uncharged polar amino acids namely L-Glutamine (Gln), L-Aspartic acid (Asp), L-Glutamic acid (Glu) L-Histidine (His), L-Arginine (Arg), L-Serine (Ser) and L-Threonine (Thr) whose amyloid characteristics have still not been explored by ageing them for varying time intervals from 0-15 days in aqueous solution. The structure formation by the self-assembly of these amino acids were then studies by microscopy., Notably, of all amino acids glutamine revealed amyloid like febrile morphologies as observed in case of aromatic amino acids. The MTT assay also revealed a relatively more cytotoxic nature of glutamine assemblies as compared to other amino acid aggregates and suggests it may have amyloid like characteristics. Along with Gln, Asp and Glu also revealed formation of some unique self-assembled structures. The thioflavin T assay suggests these aggregates may have amyloid nature. Hence, the aggregation studies of these amino acids may have important implication in the pathogenesis of disease caused by the accumulation of glutamine, aspargine and aspartic acid.
Nickel-catalyzed exhaustive hydrodefluorination of perfluoroalkyl arenes
Authors: Doi Ryohei , Yasuda Masashi , Kajita Naoki , Koh Kenta , Ogoshi Sensuke
Published: March 2023

Perfluoroalkyl compounds are persistent environmental pollutants due to their strong C(sp3)−F bonds. Hydrodefluorination has emerged as a potential alternative disposal method for perfluoroalkyl compounds. Although the transformation of trifluoromethyl arenes into the corresponding methyl arenes has been studied by several research groups, hydrodefluorination reactions of longer perfluoroalkyl chains remain rare. Herein, we report exhaustive hydrodefluorination reactions of pentafluoroethyl arenes and longer-chain analogues using molecular nickel catalysis. Despite the cleavage of multiple C(sp3)−F bonds, the reaction already proceeds upon gentle heating (60 °C). A mechanistic investigation indicated that the reaction proceeds via benzylic hydrodefluorination reactions followed by homobenzylic ones. We reveal the multiple roles of the Ni catalyst, which include C−F bond cleavage, promotion of HF elimination, and hydrosilylation.
The antimicrobial properties of Pd(II)- and Ru(II)-pyta complexes
Authors: Frei Angelo , Van Niekerk Annick , M. Joseph Cassiem , Kavanagh Angela , Dinh Hue , J. Swarts Andrew , F. Mapolie Selwyn , Zuegg Johannes , K. Cain Amy , G. Elliott Alysha , A. T. Blaskovich Mark
Published: March 2023

Infections associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are poised to become the leading cause of death in the next few decades, a scenario that can be ascribed to two phenomena: antibiotic over-prescription and a lack of antibiotic drug development. The crowd-sourced initiative CO-ADD has been testing research compounds contributed by researchers around the world to find new antimicrobials to combat AMR, and during this campaign has found that metallodrugs might be a promising, yet untapped source. To this end, we submitted 18 Pd(II) and Ru(II) – pyridyl-1,2,3-triazolyl complexes which were developed as catalysts for their antimicrobial properties. It was found that the Pd-complexes possessed potent antifungal activity, especially Pd1, with MICs between 0.06 – 0.125 µg/mL against C. glabrata. The in vitro studies were extended to in vivo studies in G. mellonella larvae where it was established that the compounds were non-toxic. Here we effectively demonstrate the potential of Pd(II)-pyta complexes as antifungal agents.
Tree-Invent: A novel molecular generative model constrained with topological tree
Authors: Xu Mingyuan , Chen HongMing
Published: March 2023

De novo molecular design plays an important role in drug discovery. Here a novel generative model, Tree-Invent, was proposed to integrate topological constraints in the generation of molecular graph. In this model, a molecular graph is represented as a topological tree in which ring system, non-ring atom and chemical bond are regarded as ring node, single node and edge respectively. The molecule generation is driven by three independent sub-models for carrying out operations of node addition, ring generation and node connection. One unique feature of the generative model is that topological tree structure can be specified as constraint for structure generation, which provides more precise control on structure generation. Combining with reinforcement learning, Tree-Invent model could efficiently explore targeted chemical space. Moreover, Tree-Invent model is flexible enough to be used in versatile molecule design settings such as scaffold decoration, scaffold hopping and linker generation.
Kinetically controlled self-assembly of Rh(II)-based squares assisted by monotopic ligand
Authors: Okazawa Atsushi , Sanada Naoki , Hiraoka Shuichi
Published: March 2023

Self-assembled coordination squares consisting of cis-protected dinuclear Rh(II) corner complexes and linear ditopic ligands were selectively produced in solution under kinetic control with the assistance of a weak monotopic carboxylate ligand (2,6-dichlorobenzoate: dcb–) as a leaving ligand. Preventing the cyclization step in the triangular formation by the leaving ligand enabled to produce the molecular square only. It was also found that dcb– can selectively convert the triangular complex into the square complex at room temperature, though heating at 373 K for 2 days is needed for the conversion without dcb– and that DMSO blocked the transformation process with dcb–. These results indicate that the energy landscape of the Rh(II)-based molecular self-assembly can be modulated properly by monotopic carboxylate ligand and solvent so that the self-assembly proceeds under kinetic control. Furthermore, one of the molecular squares assembled into a dimeric structure by the solvophobic effect, whose structure was characterized by NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray analysis.
Aluminum Beverage Can Lid Testing Method Under Real Conditions with EIS Online Monitoring
Authors: Filippas Alexandros , Katreeb Kyle , Manavbasi Alp , Liska Juraj , Liu Nian
Published: March 2023

The coatings on aluminum beverage can lid interiors can be prone to long-term degradation due to the high impact forces during fabrication and the corrosive nature of beverages. Multi-month tests are required to assess their resistance to this degradation. The purpose of this work is to introduce an accelerated can lid testing method with online Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) monitoring under real conditions and with real beverages that can imitate the lengthy pack tests typically employed. Twelve reactors were constructed and incorporated in a testing setup, EIS spectra were collected and analyzed using equivalent circuit models. The effect of test duration, pressure, temperature, and beverage on the degradation of the lids were investigated. The results showed that both temperature and pressure accelerate degradation. In addition, 10-day accelerated tests with EIS online monitoring were compared to 10-day and 6-month pack tests. Metal Exposure and aluminum concentration from the pack tests were correlated with the pore resistance, the charge transfer resistance, and the double layer capacitance of the lids extracted from the EIS spectra. The developed method has the potential to mimic the multi-month pack tests and offers a quicker, more insightful, and less laborious alternative for the lid degradation assessment. Ultimately, this method could help in improving the longevity and quality of aluminum beverage cans.
Production of Magnetic Arsenic-Phosphorus Alloy Nanoribbons with Small Band Gaps and High Hole Conductivities
Authors: Zhang Fengfei , Aw Eva , Eaton Alexander , Shutt Rebecca , Lim Juhwan , Kim Jung Ho , Macdonald Thomas , De Leon Reyes Cesar , Ashoka Arjun , Pandya Raj , Payton Oliver , Picco Loren , Knapp Caroline , Rao Akshay , Howard Christopher , Clancy Adam
Published: March 2023

Quasi-1D nanoribbons provide a unique route to diversifying the properties of their parent 2D nanomaterial, introducing lateral quantum confinement and an abundance of edge sites. Here, a new family of nanomaterials is opened with the creation of arsenic-phosphorus alloy nanoribbons (AsPNRs). By ionically scissoring the layered crystal black arsenic-phosphorus using lithium electride followed by dissolution in amidic solvents, solutions of AsPNRs are formed. The ribbons are typically few-layered, several microns long with widths tens of nanometers across, and both highly flexible and crystalline. The AsPNRs are highly electrically conducting above 130 K due to their small band gap (ca. 0.035 eV), paramagnetic, and have high hole mobilities, as measured with the first generation of AsP devices, directly highlighting their properties and utility in electronic devices
Price Sensitivity, Perceived Food Quality, and Intention to Purchase Fast Food in the Context of Health-Consciousness of University Students
Authors: GÜLTEKİN Beyza , VEUPHUTEH Francis Mumuluh
Published: March 2023

This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of university students' health consciousness on the relationship between price sensitivity and their intention to purchase, as well as the relationship between perceived food quality and their intention to purchase in the fast-food industry. Data were collected from 147 and 144 university students in Canada and Turkey, respectively, and analyzed using PROCESS analysis. The results of the analyses revealed that the moderating role of health consciousness is significant in the food quality-purchase intention and price sensitivity-purchase intention relationships in both samples. Understanding these mechanisms is of substantive importance for managers and policymakers considering the growing prevalence of fast-food products in most developed and developing countries and their consumption by university students.
The Dakota Access Pipeline (Dapl): The Political Geographies of a Controversy
Authors: White George W. , Millett Bruce V. , Maier Kimberly K. Johnson
Published: March 2023

The Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL), constructed 2016-2017, is just one of numerous energy pipelines in the United States. As with many pipelines, environmental impact is a potential and a concern, but opposition to the DAPL became more intense than opposition to other pipelines, even reaching the national and international stages. Though competing narratives and the depiction of some actors in the DAPL debate have been elucidated and analyzed, there are still ways to apply theory to explain why the DAPL in particular became such a hot political issue or if this issue did any more than capture the public’s attention for a fleeting moment. Assemblage theory should be able to provide an explanation, but it has different genealogies, some diametrically opposed to one another, and they have not been rigorously applied to real-world situations. By carefully applying assemblage theory to the controversy surrounding the DAPL, this article seeks to simultaneously explain the controversy surrounding the DAPL and refine some of the nuanced concepts comprising assemblage theory.
A review on EOR methods to improve heavy oil recovery
Authors: Usmani Anas Zahid , Sharma Arjun Kumar , Mannan Abdul , Kotni Tirumala Rao
Published: March 2023

Any well's oil production goes through three stages. Under well pressure, oil is naturally extracted in the first stage; the second stage begins when the well pressure drops. In the second stage, sea or brackish water is pumped into the well, forcing oil upward. Twenty to thirty percent of the well reserve is removed after the well's primary and secondary oil production stages. More than 70 percent of the oil is still present in the well, despite claims to the contrary. The third stage, often known as enhanced oil recovery or tertiary recovery, begins at this point. It is predicted that just one-third of the available oil is produced globally. Therefore, as demand rises and there is a supply shortfall, we should be able to produce more oil by adopting EOR processes. This paper presents a brief review of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes. It is anticipated that EOR technologies will be essential in supplying the world's energy needs in the years to come given the drop in oil finds over the past few decade.
Analysis on On-Site Asphalt Pavement Quality Inspection Technology in Highway Engineering
Authors: Wu Daqing , Liu Yan , Zhou Yunyong , Tu Ke , Ye Yingying
Published: March 2023

The acceleration of urbanization has promoted the increase in the number of urban highway projects, resulting in an increase of emphasis on the quality of urban highway projects. The quality and safety of highway construction directly affects the driving comfort, safety, and service life after it is put into operation. Among them, asphalt pavement is an important structure in highway construction, and it is also a key link that directly affects the construction quality. In order to ensure the quality of construction, it is necessary to strengthen on-site testing during the construction process to discover problems in time, and to ensure that the construction is up to standard. This paper mainly presents an analysis on the necessity and application of on-site quality inspection technology for asphalt pavement construction of highway engineering, and outlines measures to improve highway engineering construction testing technology.
Clinical Analysis of Embryonic Posterior Cerebral Artery
Authors: Lin Minshi , Liang Chaoying , Ma Ke
Published: March 2023

Objective: To understand the clinical characteristics of patients with embryonic posterior cerebral artery and its correlation with abnormal vascular development. Methods: The clinical data of 396 patients with embryonic posterior cerebral artery confirmed by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) were analyzed. Results: Two-hundred patients had clinical manifestations of posterior circulation ischemia, including recurrent dizziness, vertigo, and tinnitus; 45 had headaches, 97 had limb weakness, and 16 patients had syncope or impaired consciousness. Seventy-six patients with circulatory infarction were admitted to the hospital. There were 251 patients with history of hypertension, 74 with diabetes, 113 with hyperlipidemia, 13 with dominant vertebral artery, 10 with intracranial aneurysm, and 19 with absence of A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery (considering developmental variation). Conclusion: Embryonic posterior cerebral artery develops abnormally during the embryonic period, often accompanied by abnormal vascular access. Due to abnormal hemodynamics, the incidence of posterior circulation ischemia, aneurysm, and infarction increases in such patients.
A Proposed Solution to the Interference of IgG?-Type M Protein on LDL-C Detection
Authors: Yang Chao , Yu Yang , Liang Shuxin , Zhao Haige , An Na
Published: March 2023

Objective: To explore the interference of monoclonal immunoglobulin (M protein) on the detection of serum LDL-C in patients with multiple myeloma, improve the understanding of this matter, determine and establish the correct method, and provide more accurate clinical results through this case. Methods: A case was selected for analysis by the direct method. Results: The interference of IgG?-type M protein on LDL-C detection could not be completely eliminated by the enzymatic method. Conclusion: IgG-type type M protein affects the detection of LDL-C by the enzymatic method; thus, light reagents can be used with the direct method for detection.
Analysis of the cases of infection by Acinetobacter baumannii in intensive care units in Alagoas between 2014 and 2018
Authors: Lemos Isabella de Carvalho , Duprat Irena Penha , Cavalcante de Melo Géssyca , Melo de Oliveira Janine , Gomes de Souza Maciel Maria da Piedade
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The infection by Acinetobacter baumannii, an aerobic, gram-negative, ubiquitous coccobacillus, assumes endemic proportions with notable spread in Intensive Care Units. Aim: To analyze the cases of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in Adult Intensive Care Units in Alagoas between 2014 and 2018. Outlining: A transversal, descriptive and retrospective research was carried out with sample of 120 patients. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire in the documents of two public hospitals in the city of Maceió-Alagoas, one of these is a referral in emergence and the other is referral in infectious diseases. Results: Of the 120 patients, 80 (66.7%) were from Hospital A and 40 (33.3%) from Hospital B. There was a prevalence of males (71.7%) and of the 18 to 40 age range (49.2%) in both hospitals. The antibiotic meropenem showed a higher frequency of use. Antimicrobial resistance and sensitivity profiles were higher for cephalosporins, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones, as well as aminoglycosides, respectively. The most frequent bacterial isolation material was the tracheal secretion associated with mechanical ventilation. The most mentioned outcome was death. Implications: The study exposed high rates of mortality and antimicrobial resistance, as well as evidence that can contribute to the implementation of prophylactic measures for Acinetobacter baumannii.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE NATURAL PRODUCT PRACTICUM ON DECISION MAKING SKILLS
Authors: Hakim Aliefman , Jufri Abdul Wahab , Jamaluddin Jamaluddin , Septiani Devi Ayu , Ningsih Baiq Nila Sari , Supriadi Supriadi
Published: March 2023

The study of secondary metabolites is the core of Natural Product Chemistry. The process of isolating secondary metabolites from Sasambo plants, which are medicinal plants used by indigenous tribes in West Nusa Tenggara province, Indonesia, has the potential to be integrated into the Natural Product Chemistry Practicum. Students learn how to extract, fractionate, purify, and identify the structure of secondary metabolites through Natural Product Chemistry Practicum. With various alternative actions related to the process of isolating secondary metabolites, these laboratory exercises can be utilized to help students improve their decision-making skills. This study aims to investigate the impact of Natural Product Chemistry Practicum Based on Medicinal Plants Sasambo (NPP-MPS) on students' decisionmaking skills. This is quasi-experimental research with nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest research design. The participants are 63 students who enrolled in 6th semester students of the chemistry education department at one of the state universities in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, for the 2019/2020 academic year, which were divided into experimental and the control classes. The findings show that the NPP-MPS does positively influences students' decision-making skills.
PENERAPAN MULTI MODEL UNTUK MELATIHKAN KETERAMPILAN KOMUNIKASI SISWA PADA MATERI ASAM BASA DI SMA NEGERI 1 BANGSAL MOJOKERTO
Authors: Haqiqi Firda , Rusmini Rusmini
Published: March 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penerapan multi model untuk melatih keterampilan komunikasi siswa, hal ini dikarenakan berdasarkan hasil pra penelitian diketahui kemampuan komunikasi siswa masih rendah. Keterampilan komunikasi sangat penting dikuasai siswa sebagai bagian dari keterampilan abad 21. Model yang digunakan adalah model pembelajaran kooperatif dan direct instruction. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada semester genap semester 2018/2019 dengan menggunakan desain survei empat pertemuan The One Group Pre Test-Post Test untuk siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Bangsal Mojokerto. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keterlaksanaan pembelajaran sebesar 88,33% sehingga termasuk kategori sangat baik. Aktivitas siswa memberikan hasil sebesar 60,18% siswa memperhatikan penjelasan guru, siswa mengajukan pertanyaan dan berpendapat sebesar 0,42% dan 0,72%, dan siswa melakukan aktivitas yang tidak relavan sebesar 0,90%, selain itu aktivitas siswa berdiskusi dan mengerjakan LKPD. Keterampilan komunikasi siswa melalui pendekatan kualitas dan kuantitas bertanya dan berpendapat mengalami peningkatan dengan kategori baik. Hasil belajar siswa berdasarkan tes kemampuan kognitif mengalami peningkatan dengan n-gain sebesar 32,55 dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil angket respon peserta didik menunjukkan 84% siswa menjawab ya menunjukan penerapan multi model ini dapat diterima siswa dengan baik. Hasil penelitian ini menguatkan penggunaan model yang sesuai dengan karakter materi pelajaran akan memberikan hasil belajar yang memuaskan.
PENGEMBANGAN SOFTWARE ANTI MISCHEMISTRY DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN STRATEGI CONCEPTUAL CHANGE TEXT UNTUK MEREDUKSI MISKONSEPSI SISWA PADA MATERI ASAM BASA
Authors: Parniyanda Fina , Sukarmin Sukarmin
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan software anti mischemistry yang dikembangkan untuk mereduksi miskonsepsi pada materi asam basa kelas 11 dengan menggunakan strategi conceptual change text. Keefektifan dalam penelitian ini untuk mendeteksi dan mereduksi miskonsepsi ditinjau dari pergeseran konsep siswa dari miskonsepsi menjadi tahu konsep. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pra kesperimen dengan model one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek yang diambil berjumlah 15 siswa kelas XI IPA di SMA Negeri 1 Galis Pamekasan. Three tier test yang digunakan untuk mengetahui konsep siswa diberikan sebagai deteksi konsep awal dan deteksi konsep akhir. Sedangkan miskonsepsi yang dimiliki oleh siswa direduksi dengan strategi conceptual change text. Software dikembangkan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, HTML, dan CSS. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini sebesar 79,63% siswa mengalami pergeseran konsep miskonsepsi menjadi tahu konsep sehingga dapat ditunjukkan bahwa software anti mischemistry sangat efektif digunakan untuk mendeteksi dan mereduksi miskonsepsi siswa pada materi asam basa.