bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВИМОГ ДО КОМПЛЕКСУ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ ПІД ЧАС ТРЕНУВАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ СПОРТСМЕНІВ З ВІЙСЬКОВО-АВІАЦІЙНОГО ПʼЯТИБОРСТВА
Authors: Полтавець Андрій , Мулик Вячеслав , Кийко Андрій
Published: December 2020

Мета: проаналізувати вихідні показники, що характеризують рівень розвитку фізіометричних параметрів у курсантів першого курсу вищого навчального закладу, які є претендентами у збірну команду з міжнародного військово-авіаційного п'ятиборства.

Матеріал і методи: аналіз літературних джерел, тестування, статистичний аналіз. В дослідженні приймали участь 48 курсантів першого курсу Харківського національного університету Повітряних Сил імені Івана Кожедуба (чоловіки), віком 17-18 років, з них 38 кандидатів у майстри спорту та 10 майстрів спорту.

Результати: враховуючи вихідні дані стосовно розподілу за видами спорту курсантів-чоловіків першого курсу ХНУПС, були визначені показники коефіцієнту пропорційності і міцності статури з метою запобігання впливу будь-яких випадкових параметрів на кінцеві результати дослідження. Для вирішення мети і завдань досліджень нами були відібрані і систематизовані тести для оцінки функціонального стану серцево-судинної системи. Були визначені та проаналізовані дані показника фізичної працездатності за тестом PWC170. Проведено аналіз результатів у вигляді вербального опису, таблиць, аналітичного опису отриманих закономірностей.

Висновки: визначено, що підготовка спортсменів з військово-авіаційного п’ятиборства в подальшому вимагає розробки універсального комплексу фізичних вправ, виконання яких не вимагає спеціального обладнання, є зрозумілим, і відповідає вимогам підготовки. Визначено важливість оцінки функціонального стану серцево-судинної системи під час процесу відбору спортсменів у збірну команду з міжнародного військово-авіаційного п'ятиборства та для визначення алгоритму подальшого тренування. Встановлено, що заняття протягом тривалого часу тим або іншим видом спорту (ігрові, циклічні, складно-координаційні, єдиноборства) напередодні до включення до складу збірної команди з військово-авіаційного п’ятиборства робить необхідним розробку універсального комплексу фізичної підготовки. Використання метод кругового тренування (кроcфіту) найбільше відповідає вимогам щодо універсального комплексу фізичних вправ для підготовки до змагань з військово-авіаційного п’ятиборства.

Ключові слова військово-авіаційне п'ятиборство, фізіометричні параметри, функціональний стан, кругове тренування, кросфіт.
ДИФЕРЕНЦІЮВАННЯ НАВАНТАЖЕНЬ В БАЗОВОМУ МЕЗОЦИКЛІ ЗІ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОЇ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ У ЮНИХ ГИРЬОВОЧОК 14-15 РОКІВ З УРАХУВАННЯМ ФАЗ СПЕЦИФІЧНОГО БІОЛОГІЧНОГО ЦИКЛУ
Authors: Канунова Людмила , Півень Олександр , Плотніков Євгеній
Published: December 2020

Мета: визначити ефективність використання комплексів вправ силової спрямованості в базовому мезоциклі зі спеціальної фізичної підготовленості юних гирьовичок 14-15 років з урахуванням фази оваріально-менструального циклу.

Матеріал і методи: відповідно до методологічного підходу у вирішенні проблеми і поставлених завдань програма дослідження включала комплекс методів: аналіз науково-методичної літератури, визначення спеціальної фізичної підготовленості за допомогою педагогічного тестування юних гирьовичок, педагогічне спостереження за тренувальним процесом та методи математичної статистики.

Результати: представлено сучасні підходи щодо особливостей побудови тренувального процесу юних гирьовичок 14-15 років; надано детальну структуру побудови базового мезоциклу зі спеціальною фізичною підготовленістю з урахуванням диференціювання навантаження спеціальних комплексів силової спрямованості в різні фази оваріально-менструального циклу. У експерименті брали участь контрольна та експериментальна група, у яких використовувалися різні підходи до планування тренувального процесу та особливістю яких є те, що в експериментальній групі використовувалися спеціальні комплекси силової підготовленості, враховуючи працездатність в різних фазах оваріально-менструального циклу.

Висновки: впровадження методики тренувального процесу юних гирьовичок 14-15 років в базовому мезоциклі річного макроциклу з урахуванням фаз оваріально-менструального циклу сприяло достовірному підвищенню показників загальних та спеціально-допоміжних вправ у експериментальній групі по відношенню до контрольної в ривку гирі 8 кг за 10 хв (t=2,15; р<0,05); у вправі присідання з гирею 24 кг на плечах на 10,2 разів (t=2,28; р<0,05) та становій тязі – на 6,7 разів (t=2,25; р<0,05).

Ключові слова юні спортсменки, специфічний біологічний цикл, фази оваріально-менструального циклу, мікроцикли, мезоцикли
Influence of the Primary Tumor Location on the Pattern of Synchronous Metastatic Spread in Patients with Stage IV Colorectal Carcinoma, According to the 8 th Edition of the AJCC Staging System
Authors: Alexandrescu Sorin Tiberiu , Anastase Diana Teodora , Grigorie Razvan Tudor , Zlate Cristian Andrei , Andrei Stefan , Costea Radu , Gramaticu Iulia Magdalena , Croitoru Adina Emilia , Popescu Irinel
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims: The correlations between primary tumor location (right colon cancer – RCC, left colon cancer – LCC and rectal cancer – RC) and the incidence of metastatic sites are scarce and divergent. The current study is the first which compares the pattern of metastatic distribution (M1a: metastasis to one organ/site, excluding peritoneum; M1b: two or more metastatic sites; M1c: peritoneal metastases) between RCC, LCC and RC, respectively.

Methods: All patients operated for colorectal cancer (CRC) between January 2006 and December 2015 were analyzed to assess the primary tumor location, the presence and site of synchronous metastases. Univariate analysis determined the statistical significance of association between each CRC location and the metastatic pattern. Multinomial logistical regression model compared the prevalence of each metastatic pattern for each CRC location.

Results: Out of 5,107 patients, 1,318 (25.80%) had metastases on the moment of CRC diagnosis. There were no statistically significant association between the metastatic pattern and the patients’ gender (M1a, p=0.321; M1b, p=0.539; M1c, p=0.417, Chi-square) or patients’ age (p=0.616 Mann–Whitney U-test). RC had a significant higher relative risk for M1a (RR of 1.437, p=0.014) and a lower relative risk for M1c (RR of 0.564, p=0.001), compared to LCC. On the contrary, compared with LCC, the RCC showed a significant lower relative risk for M1a (RR of 0.673, p=0.006) and a higher relative risk for M1c (RR of 1.834, p=0.0001).

Conclusion. There is a strong correlation between the primary location of CRC and the pattern of the metastatic spread, with potential prognostic implications.
MicroRNAs and Treatment with Somatostatin Analogs in Gastro- Entero-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Challenges in Personalized Medicine
Authors: Curt Ana Maria , Popa Ilie Ioana Rada , Cainap Calin , Balacescu Ovidiu , Ghervan Cristina
Published: December 2020

Molecular predictive biomarkers represent an essential tool for the future of personalized oncotherapy. Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of epithelial tumors with a steadyincrease in incidence and prevalence. Their effective management depends on early diagnosis, personalizedrisk stratification, and monitoring response to therapy. A crucial element is identifying accurate biomarkers topredict/monitor therapeutic responses, assess drug resistance, and quantify residual disease in a reproducibleand less invasive way. Taking into consideration their role in cell differentiation, cell proliferation, apoptosisand tumor development, microRNAs have gained interest as potential prognostic markers and treatmentresponse predictors in neuroendocrine neoplasms. This review is the first to summarize the available dataon the possible role of microRNAs in evaluating the efficacy of somatostatin analogs treatment in gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Although the literature is scarce, the let-7 family targetingphosphoinositide 3 kinase – protein kinase B 1 – mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway mightrepresent a promising biomarker with potential clinical benefit, but further research is required beforetheir eventual clinical application. Furthermore, the ambiguous molecular mechanisms of neuroendocrineproliferation and the undefined signaling pathway of somatostatin analogs should encourage future researchin this field that may lead to a different clinical approach to neuroendocrine disease.
Statins and Risk of Cholangiocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wijarnpreecha Karn , Aby Elizabeth S , Ghoz Hassan , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Lukens Frank J , Harnois Denise M , Ungprasert Patompong
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims: The use of statins has been shown to be associated with a decreased risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in many studies although the results have been inconsistent. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to further investigate this possible association by identifying all relevant studies and combining their results together.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted utilizing the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through March 2020 to identify all studies that compared the risk of CCA among individuals who use statins with individuals who do not use statins. Effect estimates from each study were extracted and combined using the random-effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird.

Results: A total of seven studies with 6,251,187 participants fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis found a significantly decreased risk of CCA among individuals who use statins compared with individuals who do not use statins with the pooled odds ratio of 0.68 (95% CI: 0.52-0.89; I 2 96%).

Conclusions: The current systematic review and meta-analysis found a significant association between the use of statins and a decreased risk of CCA.
The Prevalence of HCV Infection and Risk Factors in a Hospital- Based Population Screening, a First Step to the Micro-Elimination of HCV Infection in Medical Institutions from Romania - Results of the HepC ALERT Study
Authors: Gheorghe Liana , Iacob Speranta , Csiki Irma Eva , Huiban Laura , Cojocaru Monica , Cojocariu Camelia , Nemteanu Roxana , Girleanu Irina , Sirli Roxana , Singeap Ana Maria , Pop Corina , Dumitrascu Dan L , Vadan Roxana , Iacob Razvan , Diculescu Mircea , Trifan Anca , Sporea Ioan , Gheorghe Cristian
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims: Elimination of hepatitis C worldwide is more feasible if micro-elimination screening strategies are adopted. We aimed to screen hepatitis C virus (HCV) in specific high-risk populations in certain sub-regions of Romania and link them to antiviral treatment.

Methods: A multicenter prospective study was conducted among the hospitalized or ambulatory adult patients from March 2019 to March 2020 in more than 20 medical institutions from 4 Romanian cities (Bucharest, Iasi, Timisoara, Cluj-Napoca). A rapid diagnostic test for HCV diagnosis was performed to all admitted patients and the positive ones were sent to gastroenterology departments for confirming the active infection, staging and treatment prescription.

Results: In total, 25,141 subjects signed the informed consent and were consequently enrolled into the study. The prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 1.39% (95%CI: 1.25-1.54) and increased with the number of risk factors presented by one subject. There was a positive association between the presence of anti-HCV antibodies and female gender (p<0.001), rural area of residence (p<0.001), advanced age (p<0.001), as well as a negative association with the education level (p<0.001).

Conclusions: In a hospital-based screening micro-elimination program in Romania, HCV prevalence was lower than previously reported. This is a first step towards a cost-effective screening in a well-defined group of persons at risk and provides sufficient capacity to deliver access to HCV treatment and linkage to care in Romania.
What is the Impact of the Proportion of Solid Necrotic Content on the Number of Necrosectomies during EUS-Guided Drainage using Lumen-Apposing Metallic Stents of Pancreatic Walled-off Necrosis ?
Authors: Seicean Andrada , Pojoga Cristina , Mostean Ofelia , Bolboaca Sorana , Ilie Madalina , Rimbas Mihai , Gheorghiu Marcel , Lucaciu Laura , Bartos Adrian , Al Hajjar Nadim , Sandru Vasile , Constantinescu Gabriel , Seicean Radu
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims: The fully-covered, lumen apposing metal stents are designed for one step placement, facilitating the direct endoscopic necrosectomy into the walled-off pancreatic necrosis. However, the prediction of the number of necrosectomy sessions in these patients is not known. This study evaluated the association between the proportion of solid necrotic material inside walled-off necrosis, as assessed during the endosonography placement of a lumen apposing metal stent, and the number of necrosectomies subsequently required.

Methods: Patients from three tertiary medical centers with symptomatic walled off pancreatic necrosis (pain, infection, gastric/biliary obstruction) at more than 4 weeks after onset of acute pancreatitis were retrospectively analysed. Proportion of solid necrotic debris was estimated during endosonography procedure of lumen apposing metal stents placement. Necrosectomy was performed when obstruction or inflammation occurred subsequently. Lumen apposing metal stents were removed after clearance of necrotic content.

Results: In 46 patients with successful lumen apposing metal stents placement, necrosectomy was performed in 39 patients (72.78%). Performance of 3 or more necrosectomies was significantly associated with more than 50% pancreatic necrosis (p=0.032), but not with walled-off pancreatic necrosis size or location. Necrotic infection during lumen apposing metal stents stenting was associated with hypoalbuminemia, but not with necrosectomy requirement. Clinical success after a median follow-up of 13.37 months was 87%.

Conclusions: Walled-off pancreatic necrosis with more than 50% solid necrotic content were associated with more necrosectomy procedures, requiering longer endoscopy time, intravenous sedations, and higher costs.
PROTECTED AREAS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MEGAPOLIS: DIGRESSION AND RECOVERY WAYS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF KYIV)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Shyshchenko P.H. , Havrylenko O.P. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Tsyhanok Ye.Yu. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the study is to identify the main causes of the protected ecosystems digression within the nature reserve fund (NRF) territories of Kyiv city and to substantiate measures to restore their conservation status. Through the analysis of mapping materials and regulations, using the QGIS software the map of the NRF objects distribution in Kyiv has been constructed. The area of these sites is also calculated and the degree of preservation in each administrative district of the city is determined. Each year, the Kyiv City Council declaratively extends the NRF area, but most of urban protected areas (UPA) do not accomplish their tasks and gradually lose the natural value previously created to preserve them. Due to the lack of funding and mismanagement, new ecological conflicts are emerging within these institutions and, as a result, degrading natural ecosystems. For example, the only urban National Natural Park (NNP) in Ukraine “Holosiyivskyi” since its inception in 1994 still has no official boundaries. Holosiyivskyi forest, the central part of the NNP, surrounded by residential buildings and highways from all sides, has the smallest area of reserved zone among the other Park massifs. Another illustrative example is the Lysa Hora Regional Landscape Park (RLP), where residential development comes close to its area. The RLP protected regime is disrupted along its existence and is only a declaration. Therefore, erosion processes are activated, red-book species die, nature use conflicts are widespread, ecosystem values are degraded. The study justifies the inefficiency of the NRF area further formal expansion in the Kyiv city. UPA activities largely do not meet the functions and criteria set by law. To improve the management of NRF institutions, it is proposed to change their functional zoning procedure and to transfer zoning on a landscape basis. In order to reduce the risk of illegal development near the UPA boundaries, it is necessary to develop land management projects for NRF institutions, to define their boundaries and to strengthen control over the implementation of Ukrainian environmental legislation. Creating buffer zones around the UPA protecting them from the adverse effects of urban infrastructure can prevent the chaotic development and further degradation of the ecosystems. The scientific novelty of the study is in identifying the causes of the digression of Kyiv’s protected areas and substantiating measures to overcome them. The spatial distribution of NRF institutions was determined and their structural and functional organization analyzed in order to achieve the purpose of the study.
Теоретичні аспекти коагуляції домішок у дисперсних потоках
Authors: Осадчук Петро Ігорович
Published: December 2020

У даний час виробництво рослинних жирів має дуже важливе значення, у зв’язку з їх широким застосуванням в різних галузях народного господарства. Надзвичайно висока їх харчова цінність полягає в тому, що вони легко засвоюються організмом людини і є високо енергетичним продуктом. Екологічна чистота рослинних олій досягається технологічними обробками, що приводять до видалення небажаних з'єднань і домішок На підставі аналізу літературних джерел, наприклад запропонованої фізико-математичної моделі, заснованої на рівнянні Смолуховського, що описує динаміку зміни функції розподілу часток рідинно-крапельних аерозолів за розмірами та побудованих модифікацій чисельних методів для вирішення завдань, пов'язаних з процесами коагуляції у гетерогенних системах для частинок, що стикаються, описуваних рівняннями Больцмана і Смолуховського. Наведено запропонований математичний опис протікання процесу коагуляції при очищенні рослинних олій. Який дозволить розраховувати оптимальний час коагуляції на обладнанні, яке використовується при первинному і вторинному очищенні рослинних олій. Розглянута зміна дисперсного складу домішок при коагуляції на основі поняття анізотропії вільного пробігу частинки. Розроблена спеціальна шкала класових інтервалів гістограми розподілу їх розмірів. Розраховані імовірності класових інтервалів методами теорії марковських ланцюгів. Слідуючи цій методиці, розрахована таблиця перехідних ймовірностей часток у класових інтервалах у результаті злипання після першого зіткнення. З представленого розрахованого початкового розподілу часток по розмірах видно, що найбільша імовірність припадає на четвертий клас. Наведені результати були використані при виборі оптимального часу перебування олії в робочій зоні машини.
Дослідження динаміки акумулювання вуглекислого газу в приміщеннях
Authors: Перетяка Сергій Миколайович
Published: December 2020

В статті проаналізовано небезпека впровадження заходів підвищення енергоефективності в приміщеннях закладів освіти без урахування їх впливу на людину.
Встановлено, що певні заходи з одного боку підвищують температуру в аудиторіях, наближаючи її до комфортної, з іншого боку погіршують якість повітря, що безпосередньо впливає на організм людей, які навчаються та навчають. Тому потрібен аналіз і порівняння не тільки витрат енергії на опалення, а і їх влив на якість повітря, зокрема концентрації вуглекислого газу.
Метою роботи є пошук шляхів покращення якості повітря (безпечна концентрація вуглекислого газу) у навчальних корпусах Одеського національного морського університету (ОНМУ). Об’єктом дослідження є навчальні аудиторії ОНМУ. Предмет дослідження – концентрація діоксиду вуглецю в аудиторії.
Проаналізовано структуру комунальних видатків університеті, визначені пріоритетні напрямки, чітко визначені, що головними «флагманами» видатків є теплопостачання та електроенергія.
Розглянуто, як відмінність температури від норми та підвищена концентрація СО2 впливають на організм людини. Простежено, які норми концентрації вуглекислого газу запропоновані у розвинутих країнах світу. Встановлено, що мінімізація втрат енергії за рахунок уповільнення вентиляції приміщень суттєво погіршує якість повітря за рахунок стрімкого зростання концентрації вуглекислого газу.
Заміна старих вікон на «енергоефективні» без змін в системі вентиляції ще більш ускладнює ситуацію з якістю повітря. Проведені експериментальні дослідження динаміки накопичення СО2 під час навчального процесу. Запропоновані заходи, які спрямовані в першу чергу на забезпечення якості повітря у навчальних аудиторіях з урахуванням варіантів зменшення витрат енергії на опалення. Ці заходи припустимо поділити на організаційні або мало бюджетні та технічні, які потребують чималих коштів.
Встановлена необхідність прийняття вітчизняних норм вуглекислого газу для громадських приміщень та впровадження змін в організацію навчального процесу, що дозволить зменшити витрати на опалення і покращить доброякісність повітря.
Використання кавітаційних ефектів в процесах екстрагування
Authors: Целень Богдан Ярославович , Гоженко Любов Петрівна , Радченко Наталія Леонідівна , Іваницький Георгій Костянтинович
Published: December 2020

Представлено огляд традиційних і сучасних технологій екстрагування рослинної і тваринної сировини та інноваційних методів інтенсифікації процесів екстракції. Розглянуто три основні фактори які забезпечують інтенсифікацію процесів екстракції, а саме: збільшення питомої поверхні контакту фаз, підтримання високого потенціалу масопереносу, а також прискорення масопереносу через міжфазну поверхню. Серед них найбільш вагомим фактором інтенсифікації є прискорення внутрішнього масопереносу в структурі сировини. На цій лімітуючій стадії відбувається підведення розчинника до цільового компонента і подальша молекулярна дифузія розчиненої речовини через складну капілярно-пористу структуру до поверхні частинки. Показано, що сучасні інноваційні методи, спрямовані саме на заміну молекулярної дифузії в матриці сировини на конвективний масоперенос. Ефективність цих методів  базується на ефектах кавітації, які розглядаються як основний фактор інтенсифікацій внутрішнього масопереносу в сировині. Обговорюються основні механізми кавітаційної дії, які сприяють прискорення внутрішнього масопереносу.
В статті особливу увага приділено роботі пульсаційних екстракторів, котрі ефективно застосовуються при екстрагуванні з грубо дисперсної сировини. Розглянуто конструкцію і принцип работи пульсаційного диспергатора-екстрактора, в якому для посилення кавітаційної ефектів дії вперше застосовано сопло Вентурі. До найбільш вагомих переваг нової конструкції віднесено можливість скорочення часу екстракції, максимальне вилучення цільових речовин, зменшення питомих енерговитрат та збільшення продуктивності, а також можливість  одночасного проведення процесів змішування, екстракції, диспергування, гомогенізації, що дозволить в подальшому його застосування в різних промислових технологіях.
Biomechanical analysis of Yang’s spear turning-stab technique in Chinese martial arts
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Kong Jianguo , Wang Xiuping , Shan Gongbing
Published: December 2020

The Yang’s spear turning-stab was a legendary technique, applied in ancient battles in China. It resulted in numerous famous winnings. The mythical aspect of the technique is a victory in fleeing and back-facing a fighter. Now the skill is a spear technique of Chinese martial arts that is learned and excised by many Chinese Gungfu practitioners. Due to a dearth of scientific study on the skill, the uniqueness and its winning secretes are still unknown. The aim of this study is to demystify the skill by using a synchronized measurement of 3D motion capture (VICON 12 camera system), stab-force measurement (AMTI force platform). Six Gungfu athletes with more than 30 years training experience participated in the study. Both the Yang’s spear turning-stab (used by a fleer) and spear forward-stab (used by a chaser) were measured and biomechanically analyzed. The results reveal that there would be six secrets for its historical successes. They are 1) showing weakness (i.e. pretend to be defeated), 2) shortening the stab for quick turning, 3) hiding the stab for a covert attack, 4) leaving less reaction time for opponent, 5) generating higher stab-force than opponent, and 6) leaning backward for a stable stab-posture. These secrets identify elements necessary for systematic training toward a reliable execution of the skill. This skill shows the delicate characteristics of Chinese martial culture. Learning and training the skill would benefit trainees both physically and culturally.
Level of physical activity during school recess within aspect of available dedicated playing space
Authors: Lelonek Magdalena , Przychodni Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

In recent years decrease in physical activity (PA) amongst school children have been highlighted. The World Health Organization recommends daily moderate to vigorous PA for this age group for at least 60 minutes. Maintaining proper PA level contributes to numerous health benefits and proper children's development stimulation. School recess allows pupils to meet the recommended physical activity guidelines, it can as well be crucial for their social and emotional development, increased learning effectiveness, reduced tension and school stress. The following element is listed among factors determining the quality and level of school recess: space available for pupils meaning a place where they can move freely and safely (run, play). Therefore, this research attempts to define what is the relation between the type of school recess resulting from available free time space for children and pupils' physical activity level during this recess. 113 grade 2 and 3 pupils from the local elementary school participated in the research (66 girls and 47 boys). Their physical activity undertaken spontaneously during school recess was the main point of observation. Two types of 10-minute school recess were analyzed: 1) the one spent in a classroom 2) the one spent in a school hallway. Significant statistical differences have been found between types of physical activity depending on space available for pupils during school recess. Clearly school recess spent in a classroom impairs free movement and causes visible reduction in physical activity. Organization of school recess including arrangement of space available to pupils between the classes can be understood as following the WHO guidelines defining the daily level of children's physical activity.
Increasing the level of cardiorespiratory and strength endurance of female students by means of mixed training (Kangoo–jumps fitness and resistance training)
Authors: Osipov Aleksander , Ratmanskaya Tatyana , Nagovitsyn Roman , Zhuikova Svetlana , Iermakov Sergii
Published: December 2020

Background. Experts note the low level of physical fitness of female students. Fitness programs that balance the development of cardiorespiratory and strength fitness level are necessary in the physical education practice of students. The purpose of this study is to compare effectiveness of two exercise programs in terms of strength endurance and cardiorespiratory of female students in physical education. Material and Methods. Female students (n=36) practicing fitness–aerobics (G–1) and resistance training (G–2) participated in the research. All students participated in 52 training sessions. The students (G–1) practiced step aerobics with strength training combination. The students (G–2) practiced resistance training with Kangoo–Jumps fitness combination. The level of cardiorespiratory and strength fitness was studied using tests: VC, Stange test, Step test (PWC170), Running test, Push–Up test and others. Results. Students (G–1) had a reliable advantage in test results: VC, Stange test, Step test (PWC170), Running test, at the research beginning. Students (G–2) showed significantly better results in tests: Burpee test, Push–Up test and Stange test at the end of research. Reliable differences in tests: Plank test and Heart Rate in favor of female students (G–2) were revealed. The results of other functional tests did not differ significantly. Conclusions. The possible effectiveness of aerobic fitness training Kangoo–Jumps in resistance training of female students was discovered. A significant increase in the indicators of strength endurance and cardiorespiratory fitness of young women was revealed.
Kinematic analysis of the kick start from OSB12
Authors: Matúš Ivan , Kandráč Róbert
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Start performance in swimming plays a major role in determining the final standings, especially in sprint races. The purpose of the study was to determine kinematic parameters underlying the kick start from OSB12 in terms of the kick plate position and shoulder positioning at the start. Material and methods: The sample included 8 non-randomly recruited performance-level swimmers whose average age, body height, and body weight was 17.4 ± 1.8 years, 182.2 ± 3.4 cm and 81.00 ± 3.9 kg, respectively. To measure the kinematic parameters, we used the SwimPro camera system. The parameter rs measured included angular parameters and kinematic parameters for each of the start phases: block phase, flight phase, and water phase. We processed the collected biomechanical data using the Statistica 12.0 software. To determine significant differences between the kick plate positions in three types of start, we applied the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: We found significant differences (p<0.05) in the selected kinematic parameters in all phases, which depended on the OSB12 kick plate position and basic starting position (front-, neutral-, and rear-weighted). The greatest differences in the parameters measured were found between the front-weighted start and rear-weighted start. We may conclude that performance-level swimmers should adjust the rear kick plate to positions 3 and 4 and assume the following starting position: front knee angle between 131° and 133°, rear knee angle around 80°, and trunk angle between 40° and 41°. This starting position affects the flight phase, namely takeoff angle (40⁰-41⁰), head position at takeoff (1.33-1.38 m), flight time and distance (0.346-0.368 s; 2.74-2.79 m), entry angle (38⁰). The starting position also affects the glide phase, namely the glide time and distance (0.532-0.536 s; 2.22-2.26 m) and maximum depth (-0.91-0.92 m). Conclusions: The results of the study show that swimmers produced shorter times to 5 meters and higher velocity at 5 meters compared with other starting positions and OSB12 kick plate positions.
The Identification Model on Swimming Athletes Skill
Authors: Rozi Fahrur , Setijono Hari , Kusnanik Nining Widyah
Published: December 2020

This research is aimed to produce instrumental test as well as anthropometric, biometric measurement and swimming skill with equation model and software. The instrument is used to identify the skill of swimming athletes. The kind of research used is quantitative with development model approach. The sample is taken using quota sampling technique involving 60 people (30 males and 30 females) for the first testing, and 120 people (60 males and 60 females) for second testing. Thus, the total samples include 180 people. The data is analyzed using factor and discriminant analysis with the help of the SPSS software. The result in the period-1 shows that there are 16-item instrumental tests for male and female. The result for period-2 is using factor analysis with the amount 0.60 and contained 16 instrumental items for male and 14 instrumental tests for female participants. The result for period-3 using factor and discriminant analysis is obtained 12 instrumental tests for both males and females. The software that is obtained is FASTI (Fahrur Rozi Swimming Talent Identification).
Nurculuk Hareketi İçerisindeki Vakıf Bireylerin Vakıflıktan Ayrılmasındaki Etkenler
Authors: Yargı Abdullah
Published: December 2020

1978-1960 yılları arasında yaşayan Said Nursi, gerek Osmanlı Devleti dönemi, gerekse Türkiye Cumhuriyeti döneminde bilinen bir din adamıdır. Weberyen anlamda karizmatik dini otorite olan Said Nursi, 23 yıllık bir sürede Risale-i Nur isimli bir külliyat meydana getirerek Anadolu'nun birçok yerinde etkili olmuştur. Vefatı sonrasında yakın talebeleri tarafından oluşturulan Meşveret heyeti ve bu heyetin yurt sathında açılan evlere atadığı ‘vakıf ağabeyler’ hareketin kurumsallaşmasını, karizmanın rutinleşmesini sağlamıştır. Kendi hayatını iman hakikatleri, Kur’an ve Risale-i Nur’a adayan ‘vakıf ağabeyler’, hareketin büyümesiyle birlikte sayıca artmıştır. ‘Dünyadan el etek çeken, meslek sahibi olmayan ve evlenmeyen’ vakıf bireyler arasında bazıları vakıflık hayatını çeşitli nedenlerle bırakmışlardır. Vakıflıktan ayrılma kararı almada, evlenmek ve meslek sahibi olmak gibi bireyselleşme ve dünyevileşme eğilimi daha ön plandadır. Bununla birlikte kuşaklar arası çatışma, grup içi iktidar mücadelesi, dini algılayış tarzının değişmesi ve sosyal sermaye artışı gibi nedenler de diğer etkenler olarak gözükmektedir.
Foucault’nun Heterotopyaları; Kapatma Ve Kapanma Pratiklerinin Çağdaş Sanata Yansıması
Authors: ÖZGENÇ ERDOĞDU Neslihan , ERTOP Sümeyye
Published: December 2020

Foucault’nun heterotopya kavramı heterojen kimliğiyle, birbiriyle bağdaşmaz unsurların yan yana, üst üste geldiği, ötekiliğin deneyimlendiği mevkileri yansıtır, postmodern dönemin hetorojenliğe ve ötekiliğe atfettiği özgürleştirici potansiyel ile bu kavram sanat alanında da sıkça karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Heterotopyalar, mekânsal yaşam alanına karışarak tecrit edebilir ve nüfuz edebilir niteliğiyle, kapatma ve kapanma pratiklerinde toplumsal bir karşılaşma imkânı sunarak ötekiliğe açılan geçitleri yaratır. Modern dönemde kapatma pratiklerinde tecrit, norm merkezli ayrıştırma sistemine dayanan, öznenin sabitlendiği panoptik bir disiplin biçimiyle yapılmıştır. Bu dönemde kapatma pratiklerinde panoptizm, yalnızca itaatkâr bedenler üretmemiş, aynı zamanda modern ruhu da tahakküm altına alarak kapanma pratiklerinin kabulünü kolaylaştırmıştır. Postmodern dönemin kaotik, heterojen kent imgesi içinde kapanma pratikleri, kamusal alana sızarak tahakküm mercii olmadan özgürlük fantazmagoryasıyla öznenin kendini sınırladığı bir mekanizmaya dönüşmüştür. Kapatma-kapanma pratikleri çağdaş sanata da yansıyarak, ötekiliğin özgürleştirici potansiyelinin gündelik karşılaşma formlarıyla sunulduğu deneyim alanlarını yaratmaktadır. Bu makalede, heterotopya alt başlığı altında incelenen kapatma-kapanma pratiklerinin tarihsel süreci irdelenerek, çağdaş sanattaki yansımalarını eserler üzerinden biçim-içerik analizleriyle ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır.
Optik Renk Karışımı ve Resim Restorasyonunda Tamamlama Yöntemleri
Authors: YETİŞ Ezgin , ÇAĞLAR ERYURT Berna , ESKİCİ Bekir
Published: December 2020

Öncelikle kültürel mirasımızın önemli bir grubunu oluşturan resimler; arkeolojik alanlardan müzelere, özel koleksiyonlardan mimari yapılara kadar panel, kanvas, duvar ve çeşitli diğer taşıyıcı malzemeler üzerinde yer almaktadır. Bunların korunması için niteliklerine ve ortaya koydukları korunma durumlarına göre çeşitli yöntemler uygulanır. Koruma uygulamalarında en çok tartışılan konuların başında resimlerin artistik değerini ve ikonografik okunurluğunu arttırmak için yapılan tamamlamaya dönük müdahaleler gelir. Ancak bunlar resimlerin korunması için hayati bir ihtiyaç değildir. Daha çok kozmetik müdahale niteliği taşıyan bu tür uygulamalar, izleyici için eserin sunumu ile ilgili problemlere odaklanan estetik gereklilik olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu gereklilik 19. yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren farklı teknik, yöntem ve malzemelerin tartışılarak uygulandığı çalışmaları beraberinde getirmiş; farklı yaklaşımlar geliştirilmiştir.
Çalışmada; renk teorisinin gelişimi ile birlikte, koruma yaklaşımlarının gerekliliği olarak renksel (resimsel) tamamlama ilkelerinin gelişiminin araştırılması ve bu doğrultuda bazı örnek uygulamaların yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Böylece Türkiye’de genellikle göz ardı edilen konunun irdelenerek, örnek uygulamalarla da desteklenerek koruma çalışmalarına katkıda bulunulması hedeflenmektedir.
Technocratic Populism à la Française? The Roots and Mechanisms of Emmanuel Macron’s Success
Authors: Perottino Michel , Guasti Petra
Published: December 2020

This article focuses on the roots and mechanisms of Macron’s success, arguing that in 2017 two conditions were essential in Macron’s rise—the implosion of the established system of the French Fifth Republic in which the two main parties were alternating in power; and the rise of anti-establishment populist challengers on the right and on the left (cf. Stockemer, 2017; Zulianello, 2020). It was anti-establishment appeal that put Macron on the map, but the appeal to technocratic competence that won him the presidency. Technocratic populism transcends the left–right cleavage and, as a result, has a broader appeal than its left- and right-wing counterparts. Emmanuel Macron was an insider taking on the (crumbling) system and positioning himself as an outsider—refusing the traditional labels, including centrism, elite recruitment patterns, and mediated politics. Instead, Macron and La Republique en Marche attempted to create new forms of responsiveness by ‘giving voice to the people,’ while relying on technocratic competence as a legitimation mechanism. In power Emmanuel Macron attempts to balance responsiveness and responsibility (cf. Guasti & Buštíková, 2020).
An Ontology Based Approach for Next Generation Customer Relationship Management Systems
Authors: Tiryaki Ali Murat , Atalay Muhammet
Published: December 2020

Customer relationship management - CRM systems aim to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty to the company through actions that can be performed by monitoring and analyzing customer behaviours for companies. In these systems, the data obtained from different sources such as sales process, service, and call center are interpreted by the CRM experts as a whole, and the necessary action is taken for the customer. With the rapid progress in information technologies, the diversity of channels that are used to collect data, the size and dynamism of the data have increased. This situation has made it impossible for experts to wholly interpret big-size data from a wide variety of sources in a short period of time. In the CRM area, there is a need for technologies that automatically integrate the data obtained from several sources and can interpret it semantically. In this study, an ontology-based approach is proposed, which allows automatic semantic interpretations on the data obtained from different sources. Based on the proposed approach, a tool has been developed that can unify data from different CRM systems in a common format and make customer-centric interpretations of this data. The tool continuously monitors the systems it is integrated with, and when it detects the conditions defined by the users on the data, it can automatically perform the actions determined by the users. The tool developed was experienced by integrating a CRM system of a company and the evaluation results obtained in this process were discussed.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF NATURAL CONVECTION IN A HEATED ROOM AND ITS IMPLICATION ON THERMAL COMFORT
Authors: ANTHONY A. , VERMA Tikendra
Published: December 2020

A heated room is numerically analyzed to study thermal comfort. Cold air flowing in from the inlet gets heated by a heat source (placed just below the inlet), before being distributed throughout the room. The presence of the heat source and a high Rayleigh number causes the flow of air to be buoyant and turbulent. Two RANS based turbulence models, RNG k-ε and k-ω SST turbulence models are used to model turbulence and the Discrete Ordinate (DO) radiation model is used to model radiation heat transfer between different surfaces in the room. In order to account for buoyant air movement, air is approximated as a Boussinesq fluid. Parameters that affect comfort such as comfort temperature, operative temperature, turbulence intensity, velocity and the temperature difference between the head and ankle level are investigated. It is found that the comfort temperature and operative temperature predicted in this study have similar profiles irrespective of the turbulence models. Predicted values of turbulence intensity and velocity were low, which shows a low risk of drought in the occupied zone. The two RANS models give results similar to earlier studies that were performed with different turbulence and radiation models, proving their robustness and viability for a variety of flow problems.
Development of a prototype hydrogen vehicle
Authors: YAKARYILMAZ Ali Cem , YILDIZHAN Şafak , AKTAŞ Arif Emre , BAŞ Oğuz , TOSUN Erdi , ÖZGÜR Tayfun , AYDIN Kadir
Published: December 2020

Developing technology, new technologies, and changing world standards have led researchers to search for new energy sources. In addition to countries such as America, Germany, and Japan, most automobile manufacturers have been able to adapt to changing standards, have done major researches on alternative energy vehicles, and have started to market their products. In this study, a prototype hydrogen vehicle was developed for TÜBİTAK Efficiency Challenge Electric Vehicle Organization. Design criteria were determined within the limits of the competition rule book. A computer-aided design (CAD) program was used in the vehicle shell and mechanical part designs. Vehicle flow analysis was carried out with the help of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) program. Laboratory condition long-term performance test of the fuel cell has been carried out and whether the fuel cell power was sufficient for the vehicle.
Efficacy of the New Hemostatic Composite Based on Sodium Gel Carboxymethylcellulose and Aminocaproic Acid: Experimental Application
after Partial Splenectomy in Rats
Authors: Soldatova Darya S , Begin Aleksandr I , Ishunina Tatyana A
Published: December 2020

Backgraund. Spleen surgery is mainly aimed to achieve effective hemostasis. The increasing popularity of topical hemostatic drugs is limited by their common side effect associated with the development of adhesions.The aim of study was to develop a new hemostatic drug with anti-adhesion activity. To achieve this, the authors have investigated 6% sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel with the addition of 5% aminocaproic acid. Materials and methods. The efficacy of the sample was studied experimentally in laboratory animals (rats, n = 87). The time of bleeding arrest, the amount of blood loss, the severity of the adhesion process, morphological and histological changes in tissues in the area of material implantation were assessed.Results. The study results evidenced that the new hemostatic drug reduced bleeding time by 68% (222.27 sec) and blood loss by 69% (285.6 mg) (p 0.01) after partial splenectomy, and prevented the development of adhesive process compared to the results obtained in the animals of the control group. On the 3rd day of the experiment application of the sample demonstrated that adhesions were completely absent, the coefficient of the severity of the adhesive process was 0 points; on the 7th and 14th days it was minimal - 0.481 and 0.486 points, respectively (p 0.05). A morphological study showed that the use of the new composite reduced the white pulp immunological reactivity associated with postoperative inflammatory processes, which is manifested by smaller lymphoid follicles and lower CD4 + T-lymphocytes expression.Conclusions. Thus, 6% sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel with the addition of 5% aminocaproic acid is an effective combined hemostatic and anti-adhesion agent that can be effectively applied in spleen surgery.
Treatment Options for Chronic Hemorrhoids
Authors: Ektov Vladimir N , Somov Konstantin Alekseevich , Kurkin Alexander Vasilyevich , Muzalkov Vladimir Alexandrovich
Published: December 2020

The paper provides an overview of various treatment options for chronic hemorrhoids based on current national and international recommendations. The publication describes the basic principles of effective conservative therapy of the disease. Methods of minimally invasive treatment options for chronic hemorrhoids are given in details: sclerotherapy, infrared coagulation, latex ligation; advantages and disadvantages of each of these methods are highlighted. Literature data indicate that surgical removal of hemorrhoids remains an effective method of treatment for patients with hemorrhoids stage III IV, who underwent unsuccessful minimally invasive procedures. The characteristics of possible complications after hemorrhoidectomy and the frequency of their occurrence are also given. The authors analyze results of using stapler hemorrhoidopexy and the technique of Doppler-controlled ligation of hemorrhoidal arteries. Despite the variety of techniques, it remains relevant to search for further treatment options for chronic hemorrhoids in order to choose an effective individual treatment tactics for each patient, taking into account various manifestations of hemorrhoidal disease.
A Modern View on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
in Newborns
Authors: Karpova Irina Yu , Molchanova Daria V , Ladygina T M
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study is to present modern methods of diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in newborns.According to Russian and foreign literature, up to 7.2% of newborns with NEC are admitted to intensive care units. The overall mortality rate in enterocolitis remains at the level of 15%, and in the surgical stages of the disease ranges from 26 to 31%.It is known that the transferred hypoxia and asphyxia lead to vascular disorders. In addition, colonization of the intestine by pathogenic flora takes the leading place in the progression of the process.In order to diagnose NEC, an overview X-ray of the abdominal organs is performed, which reveals such typical changes as: pneumatosis intestinalis, pneumoperitoneum, gastric dilatation, and the presence of a static bowel loop. Ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs confirms enterocolitis in 90% of cases. If necessary, instrumental examination findings are assessed in dynamics. Quantitative changes in the parameters of procalcitonin, calprotectin, cathelicidin, alkaline phosphadase are detected with the help of laboratory diagnostics. It is noted that TGF-1, FXIII factors, thymic index (TI), proteins (FABP2, claudin-2, GFAP) parameters vary at different stages of the disease.Researchers highlight the importance of NEC prevention, a special role is given to breastfeeding. Treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis depends on the stage of the disease and the severity of symptoms, and consists of conservative therapy and surgical correction. The timeliness and necessity of prescribing antibiotics is being actively discussed. Most surgeons emphasize the therapeutic and diagnostic role of laparocentesis; the imposition of preventive intestinal stomas is considered the operation of choice. The medical periodical publications present the experience of using laparoscopy in newborns with the surgical stage of NEC. In addition to the generally accepted methods of treatment, researchers suggest options aimed at improving the clinical outcome of disease correction (vacuum therapy, the introduction of an "oxygen cocktail").