bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВЛИЯНИЕ СТРОЕНИЯ ПЕКТИНОВЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ ЛЬНЯНЫХ КОРМОВЫХ ДОБАВОК НА АБСОРБЦИОННОЕ СВЯЗЫВАНИЕ АЗАГЕТЕРОЦИКЛИЧЕСКИХ МИКОТОКСИНОВ
Authors: Алеева Светлана Владимировна , Кокшаров Сергей Александрович , Лепилова Ольга Владимировна
Published: November 2021

В статье представлен комплексный подход к исследованию особенностей химического и надмолекулярного строения пектиновых веществ из растительных тканей льняного стебля во взаимосвязи с закономерностями проявления сорбционных свойств полиуронидов в отношении теофиллина, выбранного в качестве модели азагетероциклических микотоксинов. Сохранность структуры выделяемых пектиновых веществ обеспечивали благодаря использованию методов ферментативной деструкции нейтральных полисахаридов льна и ультразвуковой активации экстракционных процессов. В экспериментальных исследованиях использованы методы Фурье-ИК-спектроскопии, вискозиметрии, ИК-спектрометрии пленок пектина, стационарной сорбции из ограниченного объема, электронной спектроскопии растворов. Анализ результатов сорбционных исследований проведен с использованием диффузионных моделей Бойда, Морриса-Вебера и гелевой диффузии, кинетических моделей Лагергрена, Хо и Маккея. На основании данных о химическом состоянии полиуронидов предложены модели молекулярного строения полимерной цепи и пространственного взаимодействия между макромолекулами в структуре сорбирующего зерна. Прослежено влияние структурной организации полиуронидов на уровень равновесной сорбции в интервале рН 2–6,5, на характеристики внешне- и внутридиффузионного лимитирования массопереноса, а также на константу скорости сорбции и уровень предельной сорбции биополимера. Результаты исследований позволяют прогнозировать сорбционное связывание алкалоидов пектиновыми субстратами на основании данных о соотношении форм галактуронатных звеньев и обеспечить комплексное решение актуальных задач оптимизации кормления жвачных животных, включая предупреждение микотоксикоза многочисленными видами азагетероциклических микотоксинов.
НЕСТАНДАРТНЫЕ ПРИБОРЫ ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫХ ПРЕДЕЛОВ ВОСПЛАМЕНЕНИЯ
Authors: АЛЕКСЕЕВ СЕРГЕЙ ГЕННАДЬЕВИЧ , АЛЕКСЕЕВ КИРИЛЛ СЕРГЕЕВИЧ , СМИРНОВ ВИТАЛИЙ ВЛАДИМИРОВИЧ , БАРБИН НИКОЛАЙ МИХАЙЛОВИЧ
Published: November 2021

Температурные пределы воспламенения являются одними из ключевых показателей пожаровзрывоопасности и применяются при разработке мероприятий по обеспечению пожаровзрывобезопасности производственных объектов, используются при расчете безопасных температурных режимов для хранения, транспортировки и переработки легковоспламеняющихся и горючих жидкостей. Наряду со стандартными методами определения температурных пределов воспламенения исследователями применяются нестандартные приборы. В работе рассмотрены аппараты Этнера, Брэдли–Хэйла, Мака, Фрике, Джонса, американского горного бюро, исследовательской лаборатории ВМФ США, ЦНИИПО (ВНИИПО), Ягуи, Гордона, Конга, Хасегава–Кашики, Брандес и 20 литровая сферическая бомба. Показано, что во многих случаях нестандартные приборы позволяют определять температурные пределы воспламенения с приемлемой точностью.
БАРЬЕРНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА ПЕСКОВ СЕВЕРНОГО И ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ВЬЕТНАМА. СОРБЦИЯ ЭМУЛЬСИИ МОТОРНОГО МАСЛА
Authors: Яковлева Ариадна Алексеевна , НГУЕН ЧУНГ ТХУЙ
Published: November 2021

С целью изучения физико-химических закономерностей сорбции нефтепродуктов в ситуации розлива на почву исследованы 3 образца песков с берегов рек Северного и Центрального Вьетнама и один образец песка с берега залива Бакбо. Рассматриваемые пески имеют различные кристаллохимические свойства и отличаются по гранулометрическому составу. Для имитации загрязнения использовали водные эмульсии моторного смазочного масла. В ходе исследования рассматривали перенос нефтесодержащей эмульсии через слои песка различной высоты. Способность песка к удерживанию маслянистых фракций оценивали по разности между исходной концентрацией эмульсии и концентрацией после фильтрования через слой сорбента, используя флуориметрический метод анализа. Для характеристики способности песков к накоплению органических фракций проведен анализ ИК-спектров поверхности образцов до и после контакта с нефтепродуктами. Результаты коллоидно-химических исследований свидетельствуют, что углеводородные фрагменты моторного смазочного масла образуют устойчивые пленки на поверхности частиц песка. Нефтеудерживание зависит от кристаллохимических и гранулометрических свойств песков. Оно выше у кварцевых мелкозернистых песков и идет на убыль с появлением в составе песка 10 – 11% корунда, с укрупнением частиц и снижением однородности состава. При высоте слоя песка в 8 см накопление нефтяных фракций в песках достигает 85 – 90%. Полученные данные свидетельствуют, что пески Северного и Центрального Вьетнама имеют достаточно высокую удерживающую способность в отношении нефтесодержащей эмульсии и могут выполнять функцию природных барьеров для защиты нижележащих слоев от проникновения маслянистых загрязнителей.
НОВЫЕ ПОЛИМЕРНЫЕ ТРУБЫ ДЛЯ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ
Authors: Evseeva K.A. , Bitt V.V. , Skrebnev V.I. , Kalugina E.V.
Published: November 2021

В статье представлены результаты применения полимерных композиционных материалов (ПКМ) со специальными свойствами (трудногорючесть, электропроводность, износостойкость) при изготовлении покрытий труб для кабельных каналов, пульпопроводов и различных видов промышленной канализации. Приведены технические характеристики трудногорючих и электропроводных ПКМ. Обсуждены методы и результаты испытаний по показателям горючести применительно к полимерному материалу и к изделию, а также натурных испытаний трубы Электропайп ОС при коротком замыкании на объекте МОЭК. Описаны требования, предъявляемые к трубам в горнодобывающей промышленности. В итоге разработана трехслойная конструкция трубы Мультипайп АС-ОС: на основную несущую трубу из ПЭВП наносится оболочка из трудногорючей композиции, а сверху на эту оболочку тонкий слой антистатического материала. Испытания на искробезопасность показали, что возгорания трубы не происходит. При воздействии пламени горелки на внешний антистатический слой происходит его прогорание и коксование трудногорючей композиции, что приводит прекращению горения. Одним из основных требований к пульпопроводам является стойкость к гидроабразивному износу. Выбор материала для внутреннего слоя трубы осуществляли по результатам динамического механического анализа полиолефинов и термоэластопластов различного состава. Работоспособность труб в условиях интенсивного гидроабразивного износа гидросмесями хвостов обогащения железных руд, влияние на интенсивность износа концентрации, дисперсности и скорости гидросмесей исследовали на специальной установке и показали, что многослойная напорная труба с ТЭП-покрытием характеризуется высокой стойкость к гидроабразивному износу.
“Ain’t I Got a Right to the Tree of Life?”: Examining Special Education through the Application of Afro-Humanity
Authors: Banks Joy , Shockley Kmt , Wilkerson Courtney
Published: November 2021

In this manuscript we chart the intersection of dis/ability and Afro-humanity. We propose that Afro-humanity is a contextual paradigm within African-centred ideology that can be applied to explore the ways in which disability may be perceived differently when applying a specific, cultural philosophical lens. We also explore the process of decolonization, whereby African American parents, with a child identified with an intellectual disability, reorient themselves to a way of thinking that is more emancipatory. The parents act in a way that challenge concepts about human cognitive variance and notions of dis/ability in school settings. Drawing on such a model as Afro-humanity, we argue for a more equitable approach to community and educational engagement for Black students labelled with dis/abilities.
Barriers to Knowing and Being Known: Constructions of (In)competence in Research
Authors: Woodfield Casey L. , Freedman Justin E.
Published: November 2021

In this paper, we examine the barriers to, and possibilities of, recognizing individuals labelled intellectually disabled as producers and contributors to knowledge about their experiences. Through engaging perspectives within the fields of philosophy of education and disability studies, we examine contrasting research about the use of facilitated communication, an augmentative and alternative communication technique for teaching people with disabilities to communicate through pointing, or typing with support provided by a communication partner. We examine how researchers impose demands for the scientific validation of facilitated communication and use such demands to discredit autistic people identified with intellectual disabilities in their attempts to be recognized as knowers and producers of knowledge. Our analysis calls into question whether self-imposed limitations on contemporary knowledge production render educational research (in)capable of accepting forms of evidence that will facilitate the agency of those labelled or regarded as intellectually disabled and (in)capable of providing consumers of educational research access to knowledge that reflects the wide range of communicative, neurocognitive
,
and intellectual diversity in schools and communities.
Redécouverte de la punaise Zicrona caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera : Pentatomidae) au Québec
Authors: Leclerc Ludovic
Published: November 2021

La punaise à bouclier Zicrona caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758) (sous-famille : Asopinae) est rapportée pour la première fois depuis 1933 au Québec. Un historique des récoltes pour le Québec est présenté. Les affinités écologiques provenant de la littérature et la distribution géographique en Amérique du Nord sont également abordées.
PC-2 Winter Process Cruise (WPC)
Authors: Nilsen Frank , Fer Ilker , Baumann Till Martin , Breivik Øyvind , Czyz Ceslav , Frank Lukas , Kalhagen Kjersti , Koenig Zoé , Kolås Eivind H. , Kral Stephan T. , Mabrouk Bayoumi Mohamed A. , Mo-Bjørkelund Tore , Müller Malte , Rabault Jean
Published: November 2021

The Winter Process Cruise (WPC) aboard RV Kronprins Haakon (KH2021702) conducted observations on processes that control the position and variability of the polar front in the Northern Barents Sea and the distribution of Arctic and Atlantic water masses. Moreover, the WPC serviced 2 gateway moorings sites (M1 and M4) and collected complementary hydrographic, microstructure and current profiles to detect the winter circulation pattern and the layering structures between the two competing water masses.

Meteorological measurements were also made.
Working Equids: Their Conditions, Invisible Earning and Challenges- A Review
Authors: Singh Ajmer , Pal Yash , Kumar Rajender , Kumar Sanjay , Rani Kanika , Prasad Jitender
Published: November 2021

Working equids play vital role in pastoral economy nationally as well as globally and their role is very significant in providing livelihood to households of their owners through direct and indirect financial contribution. This review aims to analyze their conditions, constrains and their invisible income. Working equids contribute for both direct and indirect income to large number of households and provide draught energy to a large human population nationally and internationally. They are important components of livestock and  as per the livestock census done by Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Fishery, Government of India, equine contribution in livestock population was  0.39% in 1997 , 0.32% in 2003, 0.22% in 2007, 0.22% in 2012 and it came down to 0.10% in 2019. Though being comparatively less number in total livestock population, their roles are important in particular section of landless and marginalized human population engaged in rearing of these animals. Working equids are facing negligence, poor health and malnutrition.  Excessive use of automobile, their declining contribution in agricultural GDP and some social issues are major constrains for declining trends in their population.
Study of Genetic Analysis of Physiological Attributes under Normal and Drought Conditions in Gossypium hirsutum L.
Authors: Akbar Muhammad , Hussain Syed Bilal , Ashraf Farzana , Zubair Muhammad
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to identify the suprior cotton genotypes with improved physiological characteristics under drought conditions. On the bais of root-shoot charcteristics, five genoypes of  G. hirsutum were identified as drought tolerant and three genotypes screened out as drought susceptible. The field screening experiment were carried out to validate the findigs of root-shoot screening sudy on the basis of physiological as well as agronomical chracteristics. Both drought tolerant and susceptible genotypes were grown in glass house in pots and followed line x tester mating desighn to cross these genotyps. Parents with their fiftenn offsprings were grown in field conditions in very next cotton season for further analysis. Analysis of variance showed the existence of significant variations among the accessions for all the physiological parameters i.e, osmotic potential, relative water content, cell injury, leaf water potential, excised leaf water loss, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate. Further, among parents line, MS-64 and tester, BH-176 showed superior performance under water scarce conditions. Among the crosses COOKER-315 x Cyto-62 and GS-444 x MPS-11 were better perfomed for high yielding parametrs. The results showed that these two combinations might be helpful to develop drought resistant germplasm on large scale.
Impact of Remote Working on Human Resource Management: The Role of IT in the COVID-19 ERA
Authors: Rahman Md Habibur , Rahman S. M. Mahbubur
Published: November 2021

Working from home approaches are adopted by organizations to different extents during the COVID-19 Pandemic across the world. Basically, it is related to the organizational performance viewpoint- where the impact of COVID-19 on human resource management is obvious inside and outside the ICT environment. Therefore, in this paper, some aspects of human resource management are investigated to see the impact of working from home on HRM especially in a pandemic situation. The absence and non-adoption of ICT in different organizations explain why some organizations are away from performing their regular human resource management activities during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. We interviewed 487 workers performing HRM functions either working at home or involved in office space working while approached 642 workers. The paper contributes to HRM functions by providing an understanding of the substitution of remote working during crisis situations. The shifting of remote working results in positive and negative effects on organizational and individual aspects of HRM.  We, therefore, conclude that remote working helps HR planning, recruitment and selection, meeting, and work schedule. Further, remote working strategies help work flexibility, improve health and safety, reduce commuting time, improve work autonomy and work/life balance within stay-at-home order to handle post-covid-19 pandemic.
Split Domination In Interval-valued Fuzzy Graphs
Authors: AL-Khadari Nojood A. , Shubatah Mahiuob M. Q.
Published: November 2021

Aims / Objectives: In this paper, we introduced and investigated the concept of split domination in interval-valued fuzzy graph and denoted by γs. We obtained many results related to γs. We investigated and study the relationship of γs with other known parameters in interval-valued fuzzy graph. Finally we calculated γs(G) for some standard interval valued fuzzy graphs.
Vaccine Hesitancy: In the Age of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rahman Khan Mohammad Jahidur , Shumu Samshad Jahan , Mim Farzana , Reza Md. Selim
Published: November 2021

Vaccines are one of the most significant innovations of modern science. Worldwide, millions of lives are saved each year by the vaccine. Vaccine hesitancy, which represents the refusal to receive vaccines when vaccination services are available and reachable, is a major obstacle to global health. While vaccine hesitancy has been present for many years, its damaging effects are likely to be more evident during the COVID-19 pandemic than ever before. This study aimed to find out common causes of vaccine hesitancy, assess COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rates worldwide, and present the approaches by which vaccine hesitancy rate can be reduced. This study revealed though vaccine hesitancy is a worldwide phenomenon, the causes differ from country to country or reign. More studies are needed to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, especially in the Middle and South America, the Middle East and North Africa, Central Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe. The leading causes of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy are found lack of confidence towards the government or pharmaceutical companies, less concern about the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and shortage of supply of different types of COVID-19 vaccines. Healthcare personnel and social media play an essential role in addressing vaccine hesitancy. Convincing the general population about the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines, the consequence of being unvaccinated, and the delivery of free vaccines in an easily accessible way can reduce vaccine hesitancy rate.
Marital Status Equity in Tenant Selection Criteria in the Akure Rental Market
Authors: Agboola Oladotun Nathanael , Olukolajo Michael Ayodele
Published: November 2021

The paper examines the selection criteria for prospective single and married tenants by Estate Surveyors and Valuers in the study area, to determine fairness in practice. The survey research adopted a structured questionnaire to elicit data from a sample of Estate Surveying and Valuation firms in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria as Estate Surveyors and Valuers serve as both agents and property managers in the study area. Data collected were analyzed using the relative importance index (RII) and Mann Whitney U test. Findings revealed that irrespective of the marital status, the nature of employment of the prospective tenants is an essential criterion used at tenant selection. Also, there exists between singles and married tenants a statistically significant difference in the selection criteria used by Estate Surveyors and Valuers concerning 'employment' and 'ability of prospective tenants to pay subsequent rent' ; while, there was no significant difference in the tenant selection criteria in the areas of religion, gender, ethnicity, age, nature of employment, ability to pay the required rent, advance rent payment, ability to pay caution deposit, ability to pay service charge, provision of suitable Guarantors/Referee, physical appearance, suitability to the property, family size, ability and willingness to stick to the terms of the lease, criminality history/track record, first-time renters and history of previous tenancy. The study recommended that Estate Surveyors and Valuers should desist from discriminatory selection criteria differences as housing is a fundamental requirement for all, marital status notwithstanding.  Also, government should formulate and enforce anti-discrimination policies at tenant selection which will protect the right of individuals to rental housing, irrespective of their marital status. This will create a balance in the rental market and take away the mild differences in the selection criteria used for prospective tenants as if this is not worked upon, the mild difference will someday become wide.
Root Morphology, Anatomy, and Mycorrhiza of Peristylus goodyeroides (D.Don) Lindl. (Orchidaceae) in Different Life Stages: Ecological Significance and Implication for Conservation
Authors: Oktavia Gebby Agnessya Esa , Nurfadilah Siti , Yulia Nina Dwi , Hendriyani Ema
Published: November 2021

Orchid roots have vital functions for water absorption, nutrient uptake, a place of symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi, adaptation, and survival. The aim of the present study was to investigate root traits in terms of root morphological, anatomical, and mycorrhizal features of a terrestrial orchid, Peristylus goodyeroides in relation to an ecological significance of root traits in survival of seedlings, juveniles, and adults of the orchid. Results showed that some morphological characters (root length and depth), anatomical features (cortical cell size, xylem number and diameter), and mycorrhizal features (peloton size and number) were significantly different between seedlings, juveniles, and adults. In relation to root functional traits, lowest root length, depth, xylem number and diameter, peloton size and number in seedlings can be associated with low capacity in water and nutrient acquisition that might explain low survival of seedlings relative to juveniles and adults. Present study has implication for orchid conservation suggesting high attention in low survival rate of seedlings related to specificity in some of their morphological, anatomical, and mycorrhizal features which can be associated with low capacity in water and nutrient acquisition. It is vital to ensure water availability for seedlings, particularly, during dry seasons to decrease high mortality of seedlings as such high mortality can have adverse impacts on long-term survival of the orchid population.
Herbal Mixtures: Aspects Related to the Quality of Chinese Medicine Formulas and Perspectives for Products Registration in Brazil
Authors: Lucas Góis Ferdinando , Do Vale Ademir Evangelista , Ribeiro Gislane Oliveira , Oliveira Ribeiro Erika Maria de
Published: November 2021

Traditional medicine products are easily found in different regions of the world. Given this scenario, the World Health Organization (WHO) is very interested in the rational insertion of these resources, especially in primary pharmaceutical care in emerging countries. One of the main concerns of the WHO is with the population's access to traditional medicine products without quality guaranteed by regulatory and health control agencies in the country of origin. In ancient Chinese Pharmacology and Medicine, products based on associated drugs, used by boiling in water (decoction), successfully contribute to maintaining the health of Chinese people. In Brazil, the sanitary legislation of herbal mixtures for medicinal teas allows the sanitary notification of these products as traditional herbal medicines. On the other hand, the lack of clinical services to monitor consumption and the scarcity of evidence to ensure safety and efficacy, add to the inadequacy of the products to sanitary standards, the lack of inspection, and the definition of quality parameters for the evaluation of mixtures. Due to the chemical complexity of herbal mixtures, the correct identification of drugs through conventional techniques is usually possible for individual species, making it necessary to develop more comprehensive approaches. These testes allow to investigate the presence and/or absence of multiple pre-established markers, through the concept of fingerprint similarity and evaluation by chemometric tools. Liquid chromatography integrated with mass spectrometry and multivariate data analysis proved to be the most used method. Among the objectives of this critical and prospective review are: to describe the probable origin of medicinal teas, the theoretical foundation of the compositions in pharmacology and traditional Chinese medicine, the modern techniques developed in the quality control of herbal mixtures, and the perspectives for rational and safe insertion of traditional herbal medicines in Brazilian pharmaceutical care.
Generation Mean Analysis for Yield and Drought Tolerant Traits under Rainfed and Irrigated Conditions in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Gobu Ramasamy , Lal Jai Prakash , Anandan Annamalai
Published: November 2021

Generation mean analysis was carried out using two crosses, involving a high yielding drought susceptible variety NDR 359 and drought tolerant rainfed cultivars Nagina 22 and Vandana. Six generations namely P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 were grown under both rainfed and irrigated environment to study the gene action for various yield and drought tolerance traits. Scaling test revealed the presence of epistasis for most of the yield and drought tolerance traits in both the crosses. Hence, six parameter model was adopted for these traits and for few traits where epistasis was absent, three parameter model was used. The results revealed that dominance gene effect along with non-allelic interactions had profound effect on the genetic control of majority of the yield traits. Therefore, early generation selection will be misleading for these traits. However, the drought tolerance related traits like proline content and stomatal conductance were governed by additive component as well. Duplicate epistasis was observed for majority of the traits. Hence, present study indicates that, epistasis has a key role in the expression of almost all the traits in both the environment.
Assessment of Quality of Farm Saved Paddy Seeds Collected from Cauvery Delta Region
Authors: Selvamani S. , Sushmitha B. , Kowsalya R. , Eevera T. , Venkatesan S.
Published: November 2021

Paddy is cultivated on a large scale in Cauvery delta region of Tamil Nadu. Due to non-availability of adequate quantity of certified seeds at their village level most of the farmers of this region using their farm saved seeds to raise the next season crop. In order to know the quality of farm-saved paddy seeds of delta region, a total of 20 seed samples from 17 distinct varieties were collected from various villages in the Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu during Rural Agricultural Work Experience programme. The samples were subjected to physical and physiological seed quality parameters evaluation at Seed Science and Technology laboratory of Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural College and Research Institute, Thiruchirappalli. Only 15% of samples such as Seeraga samba, Karuppukavuni and RNR 1548 alone showed 80% seed germination. The average germination percent was 50.05. Based on our observations, farmers of this region store their seeds in gunny bags without proper drying and not following any pre-storage seed treatment to protect the seeds against storage pathogens and insects.  Hence, awareness should be made among the farmers of this region regarding post harvest handling and management of farm produce harvested and stored for seed purpose. The government of Tamil Nadu should educate farmers about post-harvest handling of seeds through the Department of Agriculture to increase productivity and production of our country.
Islamic Perspectives on the Implementation of Wadiah Products at Islamic Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Ruslan Murniati
Published: November 2021

The aim of this paper is to study the implementation of Wadiah Product at an Islamic Bank in Indonesia. Bank Syariah Mandiri is the first government bank that operates according to the Islamic Syariah system in Indonesia. The Bank Syariah Mandiri provides wadiah products to serve its customers who are concerned with a free interest product in a financial transaction. This study was carried out with a qualitative method, and the data were gathered through in-depth interviews with the bank staff and manager, observation, and written material. The results of this study show that wadiah application in Bank Syariah Mandiri of Palu runs in accordance with the Syariah principles of Islamic Law. The results of this study also show that costumers lack knowledge regarding how to access the wadiah product. Then the Muslim community preferences in wadiah savings products is still relatively small because Muslim society  perceived the profit sharing at the Islamic bank is lower  compared to similar products from conventional banks.Further study may focus on Islamic banks customers perception of the wadiah product.
Features and Ways to Ensure the Availability of Vital Pharmaceuticals for Pharmacy Organizations in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Durnov Nikolai Gennadevich , Grigoriev Alexander Vladimirovich , Сhernikova Maria Nikolaevna , Halimzyanova Maria Sergeevna , Krekova Marina Mikhailovna , Volyanskaya Nadezhda
Published: November 2021

The article describes the features and ways of ensuring the availability of vital pharmaceuticals to pharmacy organizations in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was noted that during the pandemic, pharmacists from all over the world made maximum efforts to ensure an uninterrupted and safe supply of medicines to patients, despite the unprecedented situation. The social distancing policy has been widely implemented to maintain the personal safety of patients and reduce the number of personal visits. Also, vital strategies and practices have been implemented in some foreign countries, including the supply of conventional medicines at state-subsidized prices, the maximum monthly supply of some prescription drugs has been provided and limits on the purchase of over-the-counter medicines have been set, home delivery of medicines to people at risk and people in isolation has been organized.

The experience of pharmaceutical organizations during the pandemic has shown that it is necessary to monitor the predicted shortage of medicines, especially in regional pharmacies, as well as to control the workload in pharmacies and timely control of online orders of medicines to eliminate frustration and anxiety in patients who need life-saving medicines.
Knowledge, Experience and Confidence of Saudi Dental Practitioners towards Treating Patients on the Autism Spectrum; A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alalmaie Aziza Jamaan , Alkhalaf Hind Khalaf , Aldakheel Reema Mashhour , Shehri Roa’a Rafa Al , Ansari Shahzeb Hasan
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Children with ASD face various obstacles to professional dental care that are prominent causes to stop seeking dental care. The main barriers are behavioral problems and trouble finding a dentist who treats ASD children.

Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted among the dental practitioners of Saudi Arabia using an online survey. Online questionnaire was constructed consisting of questions related to personal, professional, and demographic data followed by questions including knowledge, experience and confidence in managing patients with ASD.

Results: Only 18% had previously treated an autistic child, 14% had treated autistic adults and 16% having treated both with 52% with no past exposure. Maximum score of 3.86 was attained when inquired about knowing where to find further information and guidance for treating autistic patients.

Conclusion: Overall knowledge and confidence level of participants is low regarding autistic patients.
Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Jasminum grandiflorum with Honey and Corticosteroids in Management of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis- A Study Protocol
Authors: Dangore Khasbage Suwarna , R. Tijare Dhanashri , Khubchandani Monika , Juneja Surbhi
Published: November 2021

Aim: To determine the efficacy of J grandiflorum in the treatment of aphthous ulcer on the basis of reduction in size of the ulcer, erythema and pain.

Study Design: Prospective, Observational.

Place and Duration: Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Deemed to be University, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha.  

Duration: One year.

Methodology: One Hundred and Twenty patients visiting to the dental OPD and diagnosed to have aphthous ulcer will be selected. The patients will be divided in three groups and the formulated gel will be prescribed to one group of patient and other will be given corticosteroid and monitoring will be done.

Expected Results: With all the studies performed till now it is expected that the j. grandiflorum and honey together will have good synergistic effect over aphthous ulcer and will help in reduction of size, pain and erythema level of aphthous ulcer.

Conclusion: J grandiflorum and honey may be effective in management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
A Prospective Randomised Case Control Study on the Role of Probiotics in Controlling Chronic Kidney Disease Progression
Authors: Reddy A. Sai Keshava , Lakshmi P. Dhana , Bindu N. Hima , Ugandar R. E. , Vani Y. Sai
Published: November 2021

Aim:  To study the role of probiotics in controlling chronic kidney disease progression.

Sample: To correlate renal parameters like creatinine, urea, uric acid, PCR in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Study Design: It is a Prospective case control study

Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Nephrology, Santhiram Medical college and General Hospital, between December 2020 – May 2021.

Methodology: We included 150 patients with chronic kidney disease from in and out patient departments. In this study patients are divided into two groups; case and control group. Control group is treated with normal conventional therapy whereas the case group is treated with conventional therapy along with probiotics. The lab parameters like creatinine, PCR, urea, uric acid were analyzed before and after the therapy in both groups.

Results: The lab parameters were analyzed by paired student`s t- test and the p value of these parameters were found to be in control group creatinine ranges from (4.42+/- 2.84 to 3.54+/- 2.73) and in case/ interventional group creatinine ranges from (5.13+/-2.43 to 2.29+/-1.57) shows <0.001. It shows significant improvement in these parameters in both control and case group. CKD stages were analyzed by Chi- square test, the p value of CKD stages in case group was found to be <0.0001 and in control group it was found to be 0.03.

Conclusion: It shows that there is significant improvement is found in both interventional (case) and non-interventional (control) groups. But more betterment is observed in case group than in control group. Hence probiotics are used as a natural bio-treatment to control the progression of CKD and improves the quality of life.
Safety Evaluation of Acute and Subacute Dermal Toxicity Potential against Penoxsulam Herbicide in Wistar Rats
Authors: Chaurasia Vidushi , Aggarwal Madan Lal , Garg Manoj Chandra
Published: November 2021

Aims: The present experiment was conducted (comparative study) to determine the effect of single and repeated exposure of Penoxsulam herbicide by topical route.

Study Design: To assess acute toxicity, rats were topically exposed by Penoxsulam at 2000 mg/kg body weight and all the animals were observed for 14 days experiment period while, in Subacute toxicity , the rats were topically exposed with Penoxsulam at three multiple dose levels; 200, 500, 1000 mg/kg body. weight once daily for 28 days.

Place and Duration of Study: Toxicology department, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi (INDIA), June 2018 and June 2019.

Methodology: Acute study was carried out in 10 wistar rats and in subacute study the wistar rats were divided into 4 groups i.e., control group, low dose group, middle group, high dose group; 5 male and 5 female rats/ group at the age of 2-3 kg were exposed over a period of 28 days. After dose application the patch was removed and the test site were cleaned with cotton moistened with distilled water.

Results: In both toxicity study found that there were no clinical signs of skin reactions (Draize method) and no significant P>0.05 changes were observed in Bodyweight, Biochemistry, and Histopathology among the treated as well as in control group of animals. Therefore, data of this study supports that topical exposure of Penoxsulam in rats were shown normal histology of liver, kidney, and skin at the multiple doses besides this; Penoxsulam does not have potential to produce acute and subacute adverse systemic toxic reaction to the animals.

Conclusion: Therefore, data of this study supports that topical exposure of Penoxsulam in rats were shown normal histology of liver, kidney, and skin at the multiple doses besides this; Penoxsulam does not have potential to produce acute and subacute adverse systemic toxic reaction to the animals.
A Systematic Review of the Potential Implication of Salivary Secretions in Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Alharthi Salem Mohammed Hassan , Alanazi Laila Mohammed , Alturaif Dalal Jumah , Alibrahim Wesam Yousef Othman , Yahya Binammar Waleed , Salman Alzaki Riham Mohammed , Habahbeh Ahmad Nayef , Sultana Fatima
Published: November 2021

As reported on 23rd May 2021, there are a total of 167,313,629 confirmed cases of Covid-19 all across the world with a mortality of about 3,473,851 whereas in Saudi Arabia 439,847 were registered cases of covid-19 and 7,237 deaths. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) a total of 12,244,264 people were vaccinated with Covid-19 vaccination. Covid-19 is a respiratory infectious disease. More recent researches on SARS-COV-2 suggests the entry of the virus into the host cell using the host entry factors like TMPRSS-2, TMPRSS-4 and ACE-2 in the oral tissues. The spike proteins of the SARS COV-2 attaches to the ACE-2 and TMPRSS2 of the salivary gland. Saliva provides the lubrication of the oral cavity, initiation of digestion and provides immunity in host. A complete research of all the articles was done using databases like: SCOPUS, PUBMED, EMBASE and WEB OF SCIENCE. In case of SARS CoV-2, the salivary glands act as reservoir for the virus. Intake of these viruses present in infectious saliva droplets found in the air would lead to the transmission of infection to an individual. Saliva is more efficient when compared to the blood as it doesn't clot. A reduced secretion of saliva is observed in patients post the covid 19 disease.
Case Report on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia B-Cell
Authors: Sakharwade Prerana , Watmode Ankita , Kurian Bibin , Meshram Khushbu , Kolhekar Sonali , Sawarkar Achita , Shambharkar Madhuri , Tembhare Vaishali
Published: November 2021

Introduction: B- Cell lymphoblastic leukaemia of blood cancer that influences B- Lymphocytes, which are white blood cells that create within the delicate marrow of your bones (marrow) [1]. When healthy blood cells start to alter and expand out of control, this is called leukaemia. ALL is a tumour of immature lymphocytes. Lymphocytes are white blood cells that help the immune system function. Acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) is also known as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. ALL is most visits in youthful children and people over the age of 50, but it can influence anybody at any age [2].

Aim: To acquire the knowledge regarding a case of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Clinical findings: Abdominal discomfort, fever high grade, chills, Weakness.

Diagnostic Evaluation: Blood Test: Hb-5.5%, Total RBC count-2.21million/cu.mm, Total WBC count- 27400/cumm, RDW- 14.8%, HCT-17.7%, Monocytes-02%, Granulocytes-28%, Lymphocytes-68%, AST(SGOT)-110U/L.

Peripheral Smear:  RBC: Total RBC Count- Decreased on smear, Haemoglobin- Decreased Predominantly normocytic with few micro showing moderate lymphomia, Platelets- Decreased on smear No hemoparacites are seen, Peripheral smear is suspicious of severe viral infection.

Ultrasonography: Splenomegaly. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. B-cell lymphoblasts (immature white blood cells) are found in the bone marrow

Therapeutic intervention: Blood Transfusion-30 times, Inj Levofloxacin, Inj. Piptaz, Inj. Pan, Inj. Emset, Inj. Doxy, Inj. Hydrocort, Inj. Avil, Tab prednisolone, Tab Dolo.

Outcome: After Treatment, The patient shows improvement. His fever and abdominal discomfort were relived and his Hb% increased from 5.5% to 6% after blood transfusion.

Conclusion: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is one of the most common types of leukemia in children but is rare in adults. My patient was admitted to medicine ward no-30, AVBRH with diagnosed of Acute Lymphatic Leukaemia and he had complaint of fever and abdominal discomfort. After getting appropriate treatment his condition was improved.
Management of Septic Arthritis in Emergency Department
Authors: H. Abushal Mohammed , S. Albalawi Yazeed Ali , S. Albalawi Muflih Abdullah , Mohammed AlTurki Abdulrahman , A. Albalawi Amal Sulaiman , S. Alotabi Rola Ali , A. Albalawi Abdulrahim Oudah , Q. Al-Ruwaili Sultan Suliman , Kassarah Al-nakhli Zahraa Abbas A. , S. alhawiti Nada Saleem , Emad Almhmd Abdalah , M. Alzahrani Naif Abdullah , A. Alzahrani Turki Abdullah , A. Arishi Hassan Ahmed , Y. Ezzi Musab Ismail
Published: November 2021

Bacterial arthritis is an inflammation of the joints caused by an infectious etiology, usually bacterial, but there are also fungi, mycobacteria, viruses, or other rare pathogens. Both healthy and predisposed people can be infected.

Nongonococcal infectious arthritis, usually a monoarticular disease,  affects multiple joints in about 10% of patients and  is a new form of septic arthritis. Without treatment, it can progress rapidly and cause irreversible damage to the joints. The overall incidence of bacterial arthritis  is  2 to 6  per 100,000, depending on the presence of risk factors. Bacterial arthritis is more common in children than in adults. The incidence of septic arthritis peaks between the ages of 2 and 3  and is predominantly male (2: 1). Most septic joints develop as a result of hematogenous dissemination of the vascular synovium due to bacterial episodes. Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and corticosteroid therapy are the most common predisposing conditions. Typical symptoms of acute  septic arthritis without gonorrhea include recent  fever, malaise, and local findings of pain, warmth, swelling, and restricted mobility of the affected joint. Accurate history and assessment of risk factors can provide important clues for diagnosis. Careful assessment of risk factors can significantly change the likelihood of a provider developing septic arthritis prior to testing. Laboratory findings, diagnostic imaging, and synovial fluid assessment are all useful for diagnosis. Management components include early detection and treatment with joint aspiration, antibiotics, and orthopedic advice for possible surgical management. Widespread antibiotics are often needed due to the potential for rapid joint destruction. A combination of cefepime or anti-Pseudomonas aeruginosa beta-lactams and vancomycin is recommended to cover both Gram-negative and MRSA bacteria.
Review on Drug Utilization Assessment of Cephalosporin
Authors: Juno Awais Ahmed , Baig Mirza Tasawer , Jabeen Aisha , Khan Shahzada Azam , Khoso Saleem Ahmed , Alolayan Sultan Othman
Published: November 2021

Pediatric is the field of medicine that is concerned with the health of infants, children and adolescents. Globally, many infectious diseases have been controlled in the 20th century by improving People’s standard of living through public health campaigns and the use of various antimicrobial agents. Evidence suggests that the manner in which Primary Healthcare centers prescribe drugs has contributed to the high rise in Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR). The extent of the resistance is determined by the site of antibiotic application and in this study oral usage of antibiotics was found to be the highest contributor to Anti-Microbial Resistance.  A systematic review of the published literature on the conduct and reporting of meta-analyses in observational studies was done using databases searched included MEDLINE, Educational Resources Information Center, PsycLIT (http://www.wesleyan.edu/libr), Google Scholar, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts and the Current Index to Statistics. It was concluded that most of the articles reported that cephalosporin were widely used antibiotics and therefore its use must be rational; to avoid its abuse which may result to high level of resistance.
Case Report on Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Tighare Reshma , Sharma Ranjana
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is caused by intracranial bleeding into the cerebrospinal fluid-filled space between the arachnoid and pia mater membranes on the surface of the brain.

Patient History: The 65-year-old female patient was hospitalised to AVBR hospital in neurosurgery ward on December 25, 2020 with the chief complaints of headache, vomiting and episodes of seizures since three days. The patients had episodes of seizures on 21/12/2020 and 24/12/2020. The day later she was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.she underwent all routine investigations like blood tests, and CT scan. After a thorough examination, the final diagnosis was subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Past History: Patient did not have any history of communicable disease, asthma, tuberculosis, or any hereditary disease. Patient was COVID – negative and did not have any significant surgical history.

Pharmacology: Patient was treated with proton pump inhibitor, antiemetic, antiepileptic, calcium channel blocker, stool softener analgesic and antipyretic.

Management: Inj. Levipril 500 mg, Inj.pan40-40mg, cap.nimodipine 60mg every four hourly, Inj.emset 4 mg, Inj. Neomol 100 ml, Syp. glycerol 30 ml, Syp. Zincovit 2tsp and Tablet Dolo 650mg.

Nursing Management: Patient’s vital sign (including blood pressure) and neurological status were monitored with bed rest, pain management and assessment of risk of bleeding.

Conclusion: Patient was hospitalised with a threeday history of headache, vomiting, and episodes of seizures actively managed; condition satisfactory.
Physiotherapeutic Approach for Osteochondroma of 4th And 5th Ribs - A Case Report
Authors: Bhoge Shruti , Phansopkar Pratik , Chitale Neha
Published: November 2021

The most frequent benign bone tumor is osteochondroma, which account for 45 percent of all benign bone tumours. Although not a real neoplasm, osteochondroma (exostosis) is the most common lesion and is often classed as a tumour. The majority of them develop in the metaphyseal region of long bones like the femur and tibia. A 21-year-old female presented to the orthopedic OPD with complaints of pain and swelling over dorsal spine since 2 years with left upper limb radiculopathy since 1 month. Pain was insidious in onset which started 1 month back and it aggravated ever since. On inspection swelling present over paraspinal region of approximately 5cm in length and 4cm in width. On palpation swelling was not adherent to skin, immobile and firm in consistency. Osteochondroma represent the most common bone tumor accounting for 20 to 50% of all benign osseous tumors. In osteochondroma maintaining mobility is important for activities of daily living and to maintain the quality of life. Physiotherapy plays a significant role in maintaining the mobility and improving the quality of life.
Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Activity of Green Mustard Ethanol Extract Gel
Authors: Handayani Silvia , Fachrial Edy , Amansyah Adek , Lister I. Nyoman Encrich
Published: November 2021

The skin is the organ of the body that is frequently exposed to direct UV rays from the sun, which causes the formation of ROS (reactive oxygen species), leading to cell death and tissue damage. This health problem can be overcome by using antioxidants to stabilize the free radicals. Mustard as an organic substance which contains polysaccharide compounds, vitamin C, carotene, quercetin, routine compounds, kaempferol and β-cytostreol, all of these are beneficial to skin health and beauty. Therefore, this study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of the total flavonoids and phenol content of mustard ethanol extract using the DPPH method. Furthermore, the extract at concentrations of 2, 4, and 6% was also tested for its anti-aging activity using the following parameters: moisture and oil content, texture, collagen, wrinkles, pigment, sensitivity, and pores. The results showed that the antioxidant activity of the green mustard had an IC50 value of 170.7839 µg/ml, a total phenol content of 14.471 mg GAE/g extract and flavonoid content of 12.753 mg QE/g extract. The effectiveness of the aging activity of the extract was tested using formulation 6%, which is better than 2%, and 4%. Thus, the percentage of water content recovery, oil content, texture, collagen, wrinkles, stains, sensitivity and pores respectively was 36.41, 39.33, 64.07, 17.65, 65.28, 50.14, 49.10 and 35.09%.  Consequently, it was concluded that the extract has the potential of being developed into a herbal beauty product.