PRODUCTION AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TRANSPORT AND TRANSIT SYSTEM OF THE USSR:LESSONS FOR RUSSIA. PART I
Authors:   Market Economy Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoidov Kobilzhon Kh. , Ziyadullaev Nabi S. ,   Market Economy Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Medkov Alexey A. ,   Market Economy Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2023

The research is aimed at studying and analyzing the experience of production and technological factors in the development of the transport and transit system of the USSR in order to develop proposals and recommendations for providing an infrastructural basis for the formation of a new system of trade and economic relations in modern Russia. Goal. To cite a set of arguments proving that the experience of production and technological factors of the development of the transport and transit system of the USSR should not only be used to the maximum, but also scaled up to ensure inclusive, involving all segments of the population and increasing their well-being of the development of the modern economy of Russia. Tasks. Development of theoretical, methodological, scientific and practical foundations for the formation and implementation of state economic policy aimed at the development of the transport and transit system of Russia and the CIS countries, increasing the export of transport services, the emergence of points of accelerated growth, ensuring the sovereignty and connectivity of the country’s territory based on the historical and economic study of the experience of spatial and economic development of the USSR and analysis of the reasons for the dismantling of this state entity. Methodology. The research uses methods of world system analysis, evolutionary and institutional theory, the theory of production and technological balance and technical and economic structures, expert and analytical assessments, content analysis of materials of periodic studies. Results. The most important need to ensure national, economic and transport-transit security to achieve technological sovereignty requires a comprehensive historical and economic analysis of the processes of spatial and economic development of the USSR and the definition of relevant areas of practical use of infrastructure projects developed in Soviet times and organizational and economic innovations for the development of the transport and transit system (TTS) of modern and future Russia. The results of the study are based on the theory of transit economics and interstate-corporate partnership developed by the authors, modeling the functioning of trade routes, understanding the processes of evolution of the post-Soviet space and the formation of Global Eurasia, substantiating the need to create a large interstate-corporate military-commercial structure — the Eurasian Transport and Transit Company (ETTC). Conclusions. The study will be useful not only for studying the spatial-geographical and production-technological factors of the formation and evolutionary development of the USSR TTC under the influence of global political and economic processes, but also for developing a promising state economic policy in the conditions of external sanctions pressure, the need to ensure technological sovereignty and national security of the Russian Federation.