bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential Therapeutic Strategies to Combat HCC
Authors: Altaf Sidra , Saleem Faiza , Sher Azam Ali , Ali Ashiq
Published: January 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex, life-threatening and most common neoplasm
in the world. HCC tumors are genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous, and involve
various molecular mechanisms and stimulation of several signaling pathways, such as Vascular Endothelial
Growth Factor, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFR), Insulin growth factor,
Ras/extracellular signal-stimulated kinase, the mammalian goal of rapamycin (mTOR), c-mesenchymal-
epithelial transition factor-1 (c-Met), Hedgehog, Wnt and apoptotic signaling. Lately, in
patients, multi-kinase cascade blockers, such as sorafenib, selumetinib and regorafenib, have increased
the survival rate of progressive HCC. This development presents a step forward towards
the therapy of liver cancer infection and attests that molecular systemic rehabilitation can be useful
in HCC treatment. The development of these systemic therapeutic agents has further expanded the
research area for surplus molecular mediators to auxiliary increase the cure rate of patients. This article
reviews the complete focus on cascades, current enduring clinical tests by means of HCC therapeutic
mediators, and imminent prospects in the cure of HCC.
O agente antrópico como formador de ambientes: química, física e classificação de antropossolos
Authors: Krause Marcelo Batista , Faria André Luiz Lopes de , Teixeira Rafael Cardoso , Costa Liovando Marciano da
Published: January 2022

O desenvolvimento da sociedade tecnicista tem gerado impactos sobre o globo terrestre. A ação humana ainda é extremamente discutida como fator de formação dos solos e como agente geológico. O Antropoceno/Tecnógeno é o período no qual o ser humano tornou-se um agente geológico. Com a capacidade de transformar ambientes, recuperando ou poluindo, o agente antrópico é fundamental para compreender as paisagens atuais em todo o globo. A formação dos Antropossolos seria o resultado desse impacto, direto ou indireto, sobre o meio natural. O objetivo deste artigo é classificar perfis de Antropossolos, localizados na Serra de Santa Maria, município de Visconde do Rio Branco, estado de Minas Gerais - Brasil. A caracterização e a classificação dessa nova ordem visam compreender as características físicas, químicas, mineralógicas e de uso e ocupação das terras. A associação de metodologias para interpretação e descrição permitiu relacionar a gênese e a descrição morfológica de cada perfil. A distribuição espacial dos elementos químicos contribuiu para entender como os Antropossolos se formaram e como estão se adaptando e evoluindo com o ambiente ao qual estão inseridos.
Формирование микроканальной структуры искрового разряда в воздухе в промежутке острие-плоскость"
Authors: Тренькин А.А. , Алмазова К.И. , Белоногов А.Н. , Боровков В.В. , Горелов Е.В. , Морозов И.В. , Харитонов С.Ю.
Published: January 2022

The formation of the microchannel structure of a spark discharge in the gap spike (cathode)-plane of 1.5 mm length in the air of atmospheric pressure was studied by the method of shadow photography.
The images with the concurrent descent of microchannel diameter sand the number of microchannel increase in the cathode region on the time interval of 5 ns were recorded. The obtained data are explained in the frames of the microstructure formation mechanism at the expense of the front instability of the ionization wave. The parameters characterizing the process of the microstructure formation are estimated, and they agree with the experimental data.
An Interactive Voice Response System to Increase Physical Activity and Prevent Cancer in the Rural Alabama Black Belt: Design and Usability Study
Authors: Thirumalai Mohanraj , Brown Nashira , Niranjan Soumya , Townsend Sh'Nese , Powell Mary Anne , Neal Whitney , Schleicher Erica , Raparla Venkatadri , Oster Robert , Demark-Wahnefried Wendy , Pekmezi Dori
Published: January 2022

Background

Increased physical activity (PA) levels are associated with reduced risk and improved survival for several cancers; however, most Americans engage in less than the recommended levels of PA. Using interactive voice response (IVR) systems to provide personalized health education and counseling may represent a high-reach, low-cost strategy for addressing physical inactivity and cancer disparities in disproportionately burdened rural regions. However, there has been a paucity of research conducted in this area to date.

Objective

The aim of this study is to design, develop, and test the usability of an IVR system aimed at increasing PA levels in the rural Alabama Black Belt.

Methods

A pilot version of the IVR system was used to assess initial feasibility and acceptability. Detailed exit interviews were conducted to elicit participant feedback, which helped inform the development of a substantially upgraded in-house IVR system. This refined IVR system was then subjected to a sequential explanatory mixed methods evaluation. Participating rural county coordinators and research staff (N=10) tested the usability of the IVR system features for 2 weeks and then completed the System Usability Scale and qualitative semistructured interviews.

Results

The study sample comprised mostly African American people, women, rural county coordinators, and research staff (N=10). Participants rated the IVR system with a mean score of 81 (SD 5) on the System Usability Scale, implying excellent usability. In total, 5 overarching themes emerged from the qualitative interviews: likes or dislikes of the intervention, barriers to or facilitators of PA, technical difficulties, quality of calls, and suggestions for intervention improvement. Message framing on step feedback, call completion incentives, and incremental goal-setting challenges were areas identified for improvement. The positive areas highlighted in the interviews included the personalized call schedules, flexibility to call in or receive a call, ability to make up for missed calls, narration, and PA tips.

Conclusions

The usability testing and feedback received from the rural county coordinators and research staff helped inform a final round of refinement to the IVR system before use in a large randomized controlled trial. This study stresses the importance of usability testing of all digital health interventions and the benefits it can offer to the intervention.
Exploring Relationships Between Tweet Numbers and Over-the-counter Drug Sales for Allergic Rhinitis: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Wakamiya Shoko , Morimoto Osamu , Omichi Katsuhiro , Hara Hideyuki , Kawase Ichiro , Koshiba Ryuji , Aramaki Eiji
Published: January 2022

Background

Health-related social media data are increasingly being used in disease surveillance studies. In particular, surveillance of infectious diseases such as influenza has demonstrated high correlations between the number of social media posts mentioning the disease and the number of patients who went to the hospital and were diagnosed with the disease. However, the prevalence of some diseases, such as allergic rhinitis, cannot be estimated based on the number of patients alone. Specifically, individuals with allergic rhinitis typically self-medicate by taking over-the-counter (OTC) medications without going to the hospital. Although allergic rhinitis is not a life-threatening disease, it represents a major social problem because it reduces people’s quality of life, making it essential to understand its prevalence and people’s motives for self-medication behavior.

Objective

This study aims to explore the relationship between the number of social media posts mentioning the main symptoms of allergic rhinitis and the sales volume of OTC rhinitis medications in Japan.

Methods

We collected tweets over 4 years (from 2017 to 2020) that included keywords corresponding to the main nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis: “sneezing,” “runny nose,” and “stuffy nose.” We also obtained the sales volume of OTC drugs, including oral medications and nasal sprays, for the same period. We then calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient between time series data on the number of tweets per week and time series data on the sales volume of OTC drugs per week.

Results

The results showed a much higher correlation (r=0.8432) between the time series data on the number of tweets mentioning “stuffy nose” and the time series data on the sales volume of nasal sprays than for the other two symptoms. There was also a high correlation (r=0.9317) between the seasonal components of these time series data.

Conclusions

We investigated the relationships between social media data and behavioral patterns, such as OTC drug sales volume. Exploring these relationships can help us understand the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and the motives for self-care treatment using social media data, which would be useful as a marketing indicator to reduce the number of out-of-stocks in stores, provide (sell) rhinitis medicines to consumers in a stable manner, and reduce the loss of sales opportunities. In the future, in-depth investigations are required to estimate sales volume using social media data, and future research could investigate other diseases and countries.
Acceptance and use of communication technology by the elderly (Preprint)
Authors: Clarke Malcolm , Onyeachu Precious
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Population aging is a global phenomenon, with the proportion of the population over the age of 60 increasingly rapidly. However ownership and use of technology by people in this age group remains low, which impacts on introduction of and the assumptions made for, technology-based activities such as telehealth and telemedicine. It is essential to gain accurate information on the level of technology ownership in target groups. However, many studies on levels of technology ownership and use report using electronic methods for their survey, which introduces bias and may result in a higher value.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the level of ownership of technology in the elderly population using an unbiased data collection methodology.

METHODS

Our study collects data from patients invited to attend a clinic for their annual flu vaccination, and thereby captures a cross section of the population that is unbiased by the collection method. 309 patients completed a questionnaire, and were considered in three (3) age groups; young adults (25 to 45) (n=72), working-age (46 to 59) (n=80) and older adults (60 and above) (n=157).

RESULTS

In the older adult group (60+), 50 people (32%) out of 157 respondents had a mobile or smart phone and 107 (68%) did not; 38 people (24%) out of 157 respondents owned and used a computer and 119 (76%) had never used or owned a computer or tablet

CONCLUSIONS

Our results show a significantly lower ownership of technology in the elderly than found in other similar studies, which we attribute to the method of collection of the data, and consider to be a true reflection of the ownership in the general population.
Analysis using top‐k skyline query of protein‐protein interaction reveals alpha‐synuclein as the most important protein in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Diansyah Mohammad Romano , Annisa Annisa , Kusuma Wisnu Ananta
Published: January 2022

Parkinson’s disease is the second‐most‐common neurodegenerative disorder and can reduce patients’ quality of life. The disease is caused by abnormalities in dopaminergic neurons, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) imbalance leading to programmed cell death, protein misfolding, and vesicle trafficking. Protein‐protein interaction (PPI) analysis has been demonstrated to understand better candidate proteins that might contribute to multifactorial neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in Parkinson’s disease. PPI analysis can be obtained from experiments and computational predictions. However, experiment data is often limited in interactome coverage. Therefore, additional computational prediction methods are required to provide more comprehensive PPI information. PPI can be represented as protein‐protein networks and analyzed based on centrality measures. The previous study has shown that top‐k skyline query, a method using dominance rule‐based centrality measures, reveals important protein candidates in Parkinson’s diseases. This study applied the top‐k skyline query to PPIs containing experiment and prediction data to find important proteins in Parkinson’s disease. The result shows that alpha‐synuclein (SNCA) is the most important protein and is expected to be a potential biomarker candidate for Parkinson’s disease.
Do White Police Officers Unfairly Target Black Suspects?
Authors: Lott, Jr John R. , Moody Carlisle E.
Published: January 2022

Using a unique data set we link the race of police officers who kill suspects with the race of those who are killed across the United States. We have data on a total of 2,706 fatal police killings for the years 2013 to 2015. This is 1,333 more killings by police than is provided by the FBI data on justifiable police homicides. We conducted three tests of discrimination. The results of these tests are different. In the first test we find some evidence that white officers are more likely to kill a black suspect who is later found to be unarmed than they are to kill an unarmed white suspect. However, this result could not be confirmed using a fixed effects model on panel data aggregated to the city level. In the second test, we find that white police officers are no more likely to kill an unarmed black suspect than are black or Hispanic officers. The results of this test are confirmed by the panel data version of the test. The third discrimination test indicated that black suspects, whether armed or not, are no more likely to be killed by a white officer than they are to be killed by black or Hispanic officers. Similarly, Hispanic suspects are no more likely to be killed by white offices than officers of other races. These results are also confirmed by panel data analyses. We find that when there is more than one officer on the scene, unarmed black suspects are not more likely to be killed by white police officers than unarmed white suspects. This could be evidence supporting a policy of reducing the number of officers working alone. Also, we find no evidence that body cameras affect either the number of police killings or the racial composition of those killings.
La lucha por el liderazgo adecuado en las organizaciones de los movimientos sociales: reflexión colectiva y reglas como base para la autonomía
Authors:   Vienna University of Economics and Business, Simsa Ruth , Totter Marion ,   Vienna University of Economics and Business
Published: January 2022

This article analyzes how leadership is practiced in social movement organizations (OMS). Drawing on Critical Leadership Studies, and based on qualitative empirical research conducted in the organizations of the Spanish 15M protest movement, we analyze leadership perceptions, tensions and practices in dealing with these challenges. Our findings indicate that leadership practices in the investigated OMSs are autonomous, reflective and rule-based. Emphasizing collective reflection and rules highlights two aspects of leadership in OMSs that have been largely ignored in the discourses. Nevertheless, they turn out to be important means to address the challenges of autonomous leadership.
Las fundaciones empresariales y la agendación de políticas públicas mediante la gestión de redes de actores: el caso de NiñezYA en Colombia
Authors:   Medellín Cómo Vamos, Garay Natalia , Leyva Santiago ,   Universidad EAFIT, Turriago Carolina ,   Fundación Éxito
Published: January 2022

This article explores the possibilities of network management to increase the capacity of business foundations to exert influence on the process of agenda-setting in public policies. This case illustrates how three foundations (Éxito Foundation, Alpina Foundation and ALAS Foundation) helped to coordinate one hundred civil society organizations to influence the Colombian National Development Plan (2018-2022). The case shows that business foundations can play an important role in setting the policy agenda by working as articulators of multiple fragmented actors of civil society. The article details the specific mechanisms used to pursue this articulation through the creation of a policy network known as NiñezYA. This in turn suggests that other foundations and NGOs could use the same strategies to increase their influence in policy making.
Fakecracia: la desinfodemia de las noticias falsas en América Latina
Authors: Gutiérrez Vidrio Silvia
Published: January 2022

Reseña: Ponce, Matías y Omar Rincón (coords.) (2020) Fakecracia. Buenos Aires: Editorial Biblos.
Nuevas expresiones de la participación política: esferas institucionales y formación de nuevas subjetividades políticas
Authors: Bokser Misses-Liwerant Judit
Published: January 2022

Editorial 244
MEMBERSHIP DETERMINATION IN GLOBULAR CLUSTERS WITHGAIA DR2 ASTROMETRY
Authors: Bustos Fierro I. H. , Calderón J. H.
Published: January 2022

In this work we present a method -still under development- to identify possible members of globular clustersusing data from Gaia DR2. The method is based on a clustering algorithm applied on a 4D space that isdetermined basically by the positions on the sky and the proper motions. In order to confirm that the clustersautomatically detected by the method correspond to actual globular clusters, their colour-magnitude diagramsare analysed. We show the results for some clusters and compare them with other authors.
Cumplimiento tributario y facturación electrónica en Ecuador: evaluación de impacto
Authors: Ramírez Álvarez José , Oliva Nicolás , Andino Mauro
Published: January 2022

En el año 2013, la Administración Tributaria de Ecuador lanzó de manera oficial el sistema de facturación electrónica como estrategia para reducir la evasión tributaria en la declaración de impuestos. Estos sistemas de información permiten diseñar mejores herramientas de control y fiscalización; consecuentemente, incrementan el riesgo subjetivo que perciben los contribuyentes, mejorando así su cumplimiento. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo determinar el efecto que tuvo este sistema sobre la declaración del Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA) en el periodo 2014-2016, mediante la técnica de diferencias en diferencias (DID). Los resultados muestran efectos positivos sobre la declaración de ventas, compras e impuesto conforme la cobertura del sistema de facturación electrónica aumenta con el paso del tiempo
Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Density, Resistivity and Conductivity of Manganese Used in Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Shinde Rushikesh
Published: January 2022

Abstract: Refrigeration is one of the core branch in the field of thermal engineering. In other words, we can say that the refrigeration is the sister branch of the thermal engineering or thermal science. The main purpose of refrigeration is to maintain the low temperature than the atmospheric temperature or simply room temperature. In a few decades, the new trends in the field of the refrigeration and air condition has been changed drastically. The need for the development of new refrigeration processes is to achieve possible minimum temperature by the liquefaction techniques such as linde claude system. The new field known as cryogenics is developed in recent few years whose main aim is to achieve the lowest possible temperature in order of -100 to - 1500 C. the cryogenics has a wide veriety of the applications ranging from space research to the medical science which can be supposed as a science fiction in the real life. Our research work is based on the analysis of the cryogenic treatment to the lithium ion battery to improve the performance of the battery for the long period. Keywords: Cryogenics, lithium ion batteries, manganese, density, conductivity
“An Investigation of wear behavior of TiO2 nanoparticles mixed with Hybrid powder coating on MS material”
Authors: Shinde Akshay
Published: January 2022

Abstract: To improve the wear resistance of the hybrid powder coating, TiO2 nanoparticles was hot mixed to form a homogenous mixture with the powder in the range varying wt. dry sliding wear test conducted to determine the wear resistance. The experiments were design according to Taguchi L9 array to find the optimum nanoparticles content required to minimize the wear rate of the coating. ANOVA was used to determine the effect of the parameters on wear rate. It showed that reinforcement has the maximum contribution on the wear rate of the coating as compared to load and frequency. From the graph of means optimum parametric values was obtained at 2 % wt of reinforcement, 2 N load and 2 Hz frequency. The wear rate decrease with the increase in reinforcement. Keywords: Taguchi Method, Tribometer, Hybrid powder, TiO2, Wear Rate.
Preliminary layout of the main technological equipment of a self-propelled machine with a rod mechanism for installing and fixing the end tower for a mobile ropeway
Authors:   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University, Lagerev A.V. , Lagerev I.A. ,   Academician I.G. Petrovskii Bryansk State University
Published: January 2022

Mobile ropeways for carrying out transport operations, formed with the help of terminal transport units connected by a single cable system on the basis of self-propelled wheeled or tracked chassis of increased carrying capacity and cross-country ability, are a promising type of lifting and transport equipment that ensures the rapid deployment of the necessary technological means. The article discusses the issues of preliminary arrangement of the rod mechanism for installation and fixation in the working position of the end tower using a folding rod consisting of two articulated links for a constructive variant of the outrigger placement of the tower on a rotary platform. The design and principle of operation of the rod mechanism is considered. A mathematical model has been developed that provides the required normative vertical dimension of a self-propelled vehicle for the purpose of its safe independent movement to the deployment site on general-purpose highways. The analysis of the influence of normative dimensional requirements, the structural dimensions of the bearing frame of the chassis and the height of the end tower on the main structural dimensions of the articulated folding rod in the transport position is carried out.
Results of experimental studies of a mobile energy vehicles in a transport unit with an elastic damping mechanism
Authors:   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Senkevich S.Ye. , Godzhaev Z.A. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Sergeev N.V. ,   Azov-Black Sea Engineering Institute, Ilchenko Ye.N. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Alekseyev I.S. ,   Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM
Published: January 2022

Improving the operational efficiency of mobile energy vehicles is one of the main factors contributing to increased productivity while significantly reducing non-productive energy costs. Of no small importance are developments that are associated with the improvement of the design of transmissions of wheeled agricultural mobile energy vehicles, for which an indispensable condition is to increase labor productivity in agricultural production. The achievement of the required characteristics of mobile energy vehicles is determined by the properties of the transmission, as well as the interaction of the systems associated with it. One of the main qualities of the transmission is the ability to absorb torsional vibrations and damp the load. The article presents studies on establishing the constructive improvement of the transmission of a mobile energy vehicle by installing a developed elastic-damping mechanism in it using the example of a tractor of a small traction class. Taking into account the relevance of the topic under discussion in this article, it is necessary to determine the effect of the elastic-damping mechanism installed in the tractor transmission on its operation with a transport trailer, based on the field measurements carried out using the method of correlation — spectral analysis. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the elastic-damping mechanism installed in the power transmission of a tractor on its operation with a transport trailer. In this article, the analysis of the cross-correlation function and the analysis of the mutual spectral density of two processes were carried out: the engine crankshaft speed and the drive wheel speed. The analysis of the cross-correlation function shows the change in the propagation speed of the passing frequencies of load oscillations along the shafting by 39%. The analysis of the mutual spectral density shows that there is an absorption of a part of the load fluctuations propagating along the shafting and a shift in the frequency of disturbing influences by up to 68.3%.
ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI E-KINERJA PADA LINGKUNGAN PEMERINTAH KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Ikhwan Rahmatika Latif
Published: January 2022

This article is research on the implementation of e-Kinerja within the Banda Aceh City Government.  In this paper, the author uses a descriptive qualitative approach and collects data through a study of existing documents.  This method illustrates how the implementation of e-Kinerja is carried out by the Banda Aceh Government, which the author then compares with existing concepts, namely the concept of performance and reward and punishment.  The results of this study are that the implementation of the e-Kinerja system carried out by the Banda Aceh City Government has a good impact on the regional civil apparatus, the government, the City Government Work Unit (SKPK), and the public.  These impacts include making promotions and transfers based on equal job for equal pay for regional civil servants, facilitating supervision for the government, and knowing the effectiveness and efficiency of work units.
Complementary funded pensions and economic growth: Theoretical and empirical evidence using an overlapping generations model applied to the case of Tunisia
Authors: Chekki Cherni Houyem
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a prospective analysis to guide effective pension reform.
Using an overlapping generations model with differing returns on free
savings and compulsory returns on funded pensions, we put into perspective
the results largely supported in the economic literature that assume that
replacing a pay-as-you-go pension scheme by funded plans boosts economic
growth. We show that this reform is not necessarily synonymous with economic
growth due to a crowding-out effect. Our contribution is not limited to
theoretical results: we also assess the impacts empirically. Thus, we extend
the theoretical model to take into account several periods and 55
generations. Simulation results, using a dynamic overlapping generations
computable general equilibrium model calibrated for the Tunisian case,
indicate that whether pension reform promotes capital accumulation and
economic growth depends on the rate of return on funded pension savings
relative to free savings.
Method to maximize the productivity of laser powder bed fusion systems through dimensionless parameters
Authors: Ten Jyi Sheuan Jason , Ng Fern Lan , Seet Hang Li , Nai Mui Ling Sharon
Published: January 2022

Productivity in laser powder bed fusion systems can be increased by using high layer thickness (>40 μm). The process parameters for high layer thickness are typically found by one-factor-at-a-time, design of experiments, or computationally intensive numerical simulations. In this paper, a method to scale-up the process parameters from low to high layer thickness is proposed. The method is based on dimensionless parameters from the analytical model. Through the proposed scale-up method, the build rate increase was proportional to an increase in layer thickness. The scale-up method was demonstrated for laser powder bed fusion of stainless steel 316L from 30 to 50 μm layer thickness and from 50 to 70 μm layer thickness. For both cases, no detriment to part density was observed—measured densities before and after the scale-up were above 99.6%. The density results obtained were within high density windows with variation of parameters resulting in the same respective volumetric energy densities and one-factor-at-a-time parameter studies. There was no significant change in tensile properties after the scale-up except reduction in elongation at break in the XY direction. The comparable mechanical properties before and after the scale-up method were attributed to the observed similarities in microstructure features such as the crystal orientation, cell sizes, and proportions of low and high angle grain boundaries.
Partisipasi Perempuan dalam Pengembangan Wisata “Desa Terindah” Nagari Pariangan
Authors: Gusti Mustika , Fitriani Erda
Published: January 2022

Perempuan merupakan salah satu elemen dalam melakukan pembangunan pariwisata. Keterlibatan atau partisipasi perempuan diharapkan dalam kemajuan pariwisata tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bentuk partisipasi perempuan dalam pengembangan wisata “desa terindah” Nagari Pariangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus yang dilakukan di dua jorong yaitu Jorong Guguak dan Jorong Pariangan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi partisipan, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Informan penelitian sebanyak 21 orang, dengan pemilihan informan purposive sampling. Teknik analisa data Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri dari 4 tahap, yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Analisa yang dipakai dalam permasalahan penelitian yaitu teori partisipasi yang dikemukakan oleh David C. Korten yaitu pembangunan yang mengedepankan partisipasi masyarakat dimulai dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan sampai evaluasi pembangunan. Analisis juga dilengkapi dengan teori gender karena menjelaskan partisipasi perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk partisipasi perempuan dalam pengembangan wisata Nagari Pariangan dari aspek perencanaan, perempuan tidak banyak terlibat. Sedangkan dibagian pelaksanaan partisipasi perempuan dapat dilihat dari keterlibatan perempuan dalam penyediaan tempat penginapan, membatik, terlibat dalam even-even pariwisata (makan bajamba), paket wisata (tari, musik) dan lain sebagainya. Di dalam pembangunan fisik perempuan juga sangat aktif menfasilitasi pembangunan toilet umum oleh komunitas Indo Jalito dan Komunitas Padusi Minang yang sumbangan berasal dari perempuan. Berdasarkan analisis gender partisipasi perempuan di sektor publik menunjukkan bahwa pekerjaan yang dilakukan merupakan perpanjangan tangan dari pekerjaan domestik yang mereka kerjakan sehari-hari tapi sudah dijadikan untuk pelayanan publik sehingga dari hal itu bisa diambil keuntungan bagi dirinya dan keluarga.
Strategi Bertahan Hidup Nelayan Tour Guide di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Vandi Rino Roy , Fitriani Erda
Published: January 2022

Sektor pariwisata termasuk sektor yang mengalami dampak yang signifikan terhadap pandemi Covid 19. Bisnis pariwisata mengalami mati suri yang disebabkan karena pembatasan sosial dan penutupan destinasi pariwisata. Masalah ini menimbulkan pebisnis pariwisata termasuk nelayan tour guide yang mengantar wisatawan ke pulau kehilangan pekerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan strategi yang dilakukan nelayan antar jemput pulau (tour guide) Desa Sungai Pisang dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup di tengah bencana Pandemic Covid-19. Penelitian dianalisis dengan teori etnosain oleh James P. Spradley. Pendekatan penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian etnografi. Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 15 orang yang terdiri dari 10 orang nelayan tour guide, 1 (satu) orang Ketua PKBM, 1 (satu) orang Lurah Sungai Pisang, 1 (satu) orang Ketua RT dan 2 orang istri nelayan. Hasil penelitian yaitu nelayan selama pandemi covid-19 melakukan adaptasi terhadap perubahan yang terjadi untuk bisa bertahan hidup. Strategi bertahan hidup yang dilakukan oleh nelayan yaitu: (1). Beralih mata pencaharian, pada mata pencaharian yang dulu pernah mereka tekuni dan ada juga yang memulai pekerjaan baru, dan (2). Melakukan pinjaman ke kerabat, koperasi dan pemerintah.
Persepsi Guru Terhadap Efektivitas Supervisi Akademik oleh Kepala SMA Katolik Kota Manado Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Zeke Ketsia , Rawis Joulanda A.M , Wullur Mozes Markus , Rotty Viktory N.J.
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan persepsi guru terhadap efektivitas supervise akademik yang dilakukan kepala sekolah di SMA Katolik Kota Manado Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 52 guru SMA Katolik Kota Manado Sulawesi Utara. Instrument yang dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini berupa angket menggunakan skala likert dengan lima laternatif jawaban: sangat efektif (SE), efektif (E), cukup efektif (CE), kurang efektif (KE), dan tidak efektif (TE). Butir angket dikembangkan dengan mengacu pada indicator supervise akademik yaitu: (a) membimbing guru dalam menyusun silabus, (b) membimbing guru dalam memlikih dan menggunakan strategi, metode, dan teknik pembelajara, (c) membimbing guru dalam menyusun RPP, (d) membimbing guru dalam melaksanakan PBM, (e) membimbing guru dalam menggembangkan dan menggunakan media/fasilitas pembelajaran. Dan (f) memotivasi guru memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dalam pembelajaran. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji statistic sederhana menggunakan rumus rata-rata persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi guru tentang supervise akademik yang dilakukan kepala sekolah SMP Katolik Kota Manado Provinsi Sulawesi Utara berada pada kategori cukup efektif karena hanya 5,32% guru yang menyatakan sangat efektif dan 15,47% guru menyatakan efektif, sedangkan 48,30% guru menyatakan cukup efektif, 24,79% guru menyatakan kurang efektif, dan 6,13% guru menyatakan tidak efektif. Indikator yang yang dinyatakan tidak efektif adalah yaitu memotivasi guru menggunakan teknologi informasi dalam PBM. Hal ini harus mendapat perhatian utama dari kepala sekolah dan pengawas karena berpengaruh terhadap tercapainya tujuan pembelajaran.
Implementasi Standar Prasarana di SMAN Se-Kecamatan Koto Tangah Padang
Authors: Nabila Ridha , Syahril Syahril , Sabandi Ahmad , Santoso Yulianto
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesesuaian prasarana yang ada di sekolah dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukandengan wawancara, observasi (pengamatan) dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Untuk keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasilnya menyatakan bahwa (1) ruang kelas SMAN (7,8,13) Padang sesuai, (2) ruang perpustakaan SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (3) ruang laboratorium biologi SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (4) ruang laboratorium fisika SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (5) ruang laboratorium kimia SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (6) ruang laboratorium komputer SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (7) ruang laboratorium bahasa SMAN (7,8,13) padang tidak sesuai, (8) ruang pimpinan SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (9) ruang guru SMAN (7,8) padang sesuai, SMAN 13 padang kurang sesuai, (10) ruang tata usaha SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (11) tempat beribadah SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (12) ruang konseling SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (13) ruang UKS SMAN (7,8,13) padang sangat sesuai, (14) ruang organisasi kesiswaan SMAN 13 padang sangat sesuai, SMAN (7,8) padang tidak sesuai, (15) jamban/toilet SMAN (7,8,13) padang sesuai, (16) gudang SMAN 13 padang sangat sesuai, SMAN 8 padang sesuai, SMAN 7 padang kurang sesuai, (17) ruang sirkulasi SMAN (7,8,13) padang sesuai, (18) tempat bermain/berolahraga SMAN 13 padang sangat sesuai, SMAN (7,8) padang sesuai dengan standar prasarana yang telah ditetapkan dalam Permendiknas Nomor 24 Tahun 2007.
Keterkaitan Iklim Organisasi dengan Faktor lainnya
Authors: Maharani Sisy , Hadiyanto Hadiyanto , Rusdinal Rusdinal , Sulastri Sulastri
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang dipengaruhi oleh iklim organisasi dan faktor-faktor apa saja mempengaruhi iklim organisasi. Faktor yang dipengaruhi iklim organisasi: 1) kepuasan kerja, 2) kinerja karyawan, 3) motivasi kerja. Faktor yang mempengaruhi iklim organisasi: 1) gaya kepemimpinan, 2) budaya organisasi, 3) budaya kerja, 4) komunikasi interpersonal, 5) komitmen. Sumber data dari penelitian ini diambil dari artikel jurnal, skripsi dan didukung dengan buku-buku yang terkait dengan iklim organisasi.
Pengawasan Atasan Langsung di lembaga Penjamin Mutu Pendidikan Provinsi Sumatra Barat
Authors: Rasyidi Muhammad , Sulastri Sulastri , Jasrial Jasrial , Nelitawati Nelitawati
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini berdasarkan pada hasil pengamatan penulis di Kantor Lembaga Penjamin Mutu Pendidikan Provinsi Sumatera Barat mengenai Pengawasan atasan langsung yang masih kurang diimplementasikan dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai Pengawasan Atasan Langsung di Lembaga Penjamin Mutu Pendidikan Provinsi Sumatera Barat dilihat dari indikator prosedur pengawasan, Teknik pengawasan, Waktu pengawasan dan Tindak lanjut pengawasan. Kajian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan metode kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu Pegawai di Lembaga Penjamin Mutu Pendidikan Provinsi Sumatera Barat berjumlah 76 orang pegawai maka sampel yang diambil merupakan penelitian populasi sehingga berjumlah 76 responden atau seluruh subjek yang ada pada penelitian ini. Data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan angket. Rumusan rata-rata digunakan dalam mengolah data pada penelitian ini. Data menunjukan bahwa pengawasan atasan langsung yakni : (1) Prosedur pengawasan mendapatkan skor dengan rata-rata 4,26 termasuk dalam kategori baik; (2) Teknik Pengawasan mendapatkan skor dengan rata-rata 4,02 termasuk dalam kategori baik; (3) Waktu pengawasan mendapatkan skor dengan rata-rata 4,08 termasuk dalam kategori baik; (4) Tindak lanjut pengawasan mendapatkan skor dengan rata-rata 3.66 termasuk dalam kategori baik. Secara keseluruhan Pengawasan Atasan Langsung di Lembaga Penjamin Mutu Pendidikan Provinsi Sumatera Barat mendapatkan skor dengan rata 4.00 termasuk dalam kategori baik.
Komparasi Pelaksanaan Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah di SMKN 1 Padang Gelugur dengan SMKN 1 Rao Selatan
Authors: Ulfah Vovi Tridian , Santoso Yulianto , Santoso Yulianto , Rifma Rifma , Ermita Ermita
Published: January 2022

Academic Supervision is a series of activities to assist in developing teacher professionalism in the implementation of learning with students carried out by leaders in schools, namely the principal. Academic supervision activities are carried out to help teachers improve learning activity planning, learning implementation, learning evaluation, and learning device preparation. This study aims to determine the implementation of the principal's academic supervision and see whether there is a significant difference in the implementation of the principal's academic supervision at SMKN 1 Padang Gelugur with SMKN 1 Rao selatan. This type of research is comparative descriptive and data collection is done by distributing questionnaires that have been tested for their validity and reliability. Before the data were analyzed, the data had been tested for normality and homogeneity and then performed the t-test to determine the difference value. Acquisition of data analysis is 1) academic supervision planning obtained 82.27% with the effective category. 2) the implementation of academic supervision obtained 79.34 in the quite effective category. 3) feedback and follow-up from the results of academic supervision obtained 75.2% including in the quite effective category. After testing the hypothesis using the SPSS application, namely the t-test, the result was that there was a difference in the implementation of the principal's academic supervision at SMKN 1 Padang Gelugur and SMKN 1 Rao Selatan because t count (2.154) <from t table (2.66). Based on the research results, the implementation of the principal's academic supervision at SMKN 1 Padang Gelugur was 1.08% more effective than SMKN 1 Rao Selatan.
Faktor Penyebab Meningkatnya Cerai Gugat Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kecamatan Sungai Pagu Kabupaten Solok Selatan
Authors: Afifah Fitria , Syafrini Delmira
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang menjadi penyebab tingginya cerai gugat pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kecamatan Sungai Pagu, Kabupaten Solok Selatan, hal ini menarik untuk diteliti karena selama 2 tahun terakhir, sejak pandemi Covid-19 angka cerai gugat yang dilakukan oleh istri meningkat. Meningkatnya kasus perceraian yang di ajukan oleh pihak istri kepada pihak suami hal tersebut menjadi persoalan yang menarik karena perceraian seharusnya berasal dari pihak laki-laki melalui cerai talak, meskipun dalam agama perempuan berkah mengajukan perceraian, namun persepsi masyarakat masih menganggap hal ini sebagai sesuatu yang tabu. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studi kasus jenis studi kasus instrinsik, teknik pemilihan informan yaitu purposive sampling dengan jumlah informan sebanyak 24 orang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi non partisipasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumentasi yang dianalisis dengan mengacu pada teknik analisis data interaktif yang dikembangkan oleh Miles dan Huberman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa ada beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan meningkatnya cerai gugat pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kecamatan Sungai Pagu Kabupaten Solok Selatan, diantaranya: (1) faktor ekonomi, faktor ini terjadi karena pada masa Pandemi Covid-19 banyak suami yang kehilangan pekerjaannya sehingga tidak memberikan nafkah kepada istri dan karena beban ganda yang dialami perempuan pada saat Pandemi Covid-19. (2) Faktor psikologis, faktor ini terjadi karena selama pandemi Covid-19 suami istri mengalami kejenuhan dan dipengaruhi usia pernikahan yang lebih muda. Selanjutanya cerai gugat yang terjadi sebelum masa Pandemi Covid-19 terjadi akibat perselingkuhan dan terjadinya kekerasan dalam rumah tangga.
Problematika Masyarakat Nelayan Terhadap Sekolah Daring (Studi Kasus : Sekolah Daring Siswa Keluarga Nelayan Desa Pauh Barat)
Authors: Devial Lusiana , Ikhwan Ikhwan
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apa saja persoalan-persoalan atau problematika yang terjadi di lingkungan masyarakat nelayan Desa Pauh Barat dalam pembelajaran daring anak selama masa pandemi Covid-19 dan hal apa saja yang melatarbelakangi permasalahan yang terjadi. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena masa pembelajaran daring di lingkungan masyarakat nelayan Desa Pauh Barat, Kota Pariaman. Penelitian ini menarik untuk dikaji karena memperlihatkan aktifitas anak usia pelajar dimasa pembelajaran daring tidak melaksanakan sekolahnya di jam belajar, melainkan sibuk dengan aktifitas lain seperti ikut terlibat dengan aktifitas nelayan. Beberapa persoalan dan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat nelayan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidup dan pendidikan anak, ditambah lagi dengan adanya pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan Teori Stuctural Fungsional AGIL oleh Talcot Parsons. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif jenis studi kasus intrinsik, serta teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah, observasi, wawancara mendalam serta studi dokumen dan penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pemilihan purposive sampling dengan jumlah informan 15 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa problematika yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat nelayan Desa Pauh Barat yaitu terkendalanya dengan beberapa faktor, seperti, belum terbiasanya dengan sistem pembelajaran daring, ketidakpahaman siswa dalam memahami materi. Dilihat dari budaya atau pola pemeliharaan (latecy maintenance) dalam hal pendidikan anak masyarakat nelayan, nelayan yang cenderung lebih mempercayakan anaknya ke sekolah tanpa adanya bantuan pengetahuan dari orangtua, dikarenakan pendidikan orangtua yang rendah, tidak menguasai materi yang anak pelajari, dan tidak terjangkau teknologi saat ini. Sistem pembelajaran daring tidak didukung oleh sub sistem budaya dan ekonomi masyarakat nelayan dan dapat dikatakan bahwa pembelajaran daring tidak efektif bagi anak masyarakat nelayan Desa Pauh Barat.
Fungsi Pasar Sapi/ Blante Bagi Masyarakat Minahasa
Authors: Mesra Romi , Lamadirisi Maryam , Fathimah Siti
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini menjelaskan fenomena jual beli sapi yang sudah dilakukan secara turun-temurun di Pasar Sapi/ Blante. Aktivitas jual beli sapi cenderung ramai pada waktu siang hari meskipun di pagi hari para pemilik sapi, penjual dan pembeli sudah mulai berdatangan ke lokasi tersebut. Pengunjung berasal dari berbagai suku bangsa dan agama yang beragam. Akan tetapi masyarakat pasar mampu mempertahan harmonisasi melalui nilai-nilai dan norma yang sudah melekat dalam kehidupan masyarakat Minahasa itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan fungsi Pasar Sapi/ Blante sebagai salah satu pasar tradisional bagi masyarakat Minahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi dan wawancara. Informan adalalah masyarakat yang beraktivitas di Pasar Sapi/ Blante. Teori yang dipakai yakni teori Struktural Fungsional Parsons. Teknik analisa data menggunakan Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa fungsi Pasar Sapi/ Blante bagi masyarakat Minahasa adalah melestarikan sejarah pekerjaan jual beli sapi, sarana memupuk sikap toleransi, tempat berinteraksi antar masyarakat Minahasa dan masyarakat luar, implementasi falsafah hidup masyarakat Minahasa “sitou timou tumou tou", ladang mata pencaharian masyarakat, dan sebagai wadah pelestarian bahasa daerah Minahasa.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Produk Pada Pembelajaran Sosiologi untuk Mengukur Keterampilan Siswa SMA
Authors: Mubarikah Radiyah Muhsin , Sylvia Ike
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan instrumen penilaian produk untuk mengukur keterampilan siswa kelas XI IPS pada mata pelajaran sosiologi kelas XI SMA, yang validitas, praktikalitas, dan efektivitas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Instrumen penilaian produk dihasilkan setelah melalui 5 tahapan yaitu tahap analisis, tahap desain, tahap pengembangan, tahap implementasi dan tahap evaluasi. Pada tahap analisis dilakukan analisis kebutuhan dengan teknik wawancara dan observasi lapangan yang dilakukan di kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri 1 Banjarnegara. Pada tahap perencanaan dilakukan penyusunan draft instrumen penilaian produk, serta ditentukan langkah-langkah yang ditempuh pada pengembangan instrumen penilaian produk. Pada tahap pengembangan dilakukan penyempurnaan draft instrumen penilaian produk berdasarkan saran, masukan, dan komentar dari ahli. Instrumen penilaian produk yang dikembangkan terdiri dari 3 aspek yaitu aspek persiapan pembuatan video, proses pembuatan video, hasil produk video, dengan pembobotan 40% pada tahap perencanaan, 30% pada tahap proses, dan 30% pada tahap pelaporan (penilaian). Kevalidan instrumen penilaian produk termasuk pada kriteria sangat baik dan memiliki koefisien sebesar 0,86. Sangat praktis dengan persentase 88%, dan efektif. Oleh karena itu, instrumen penilaian produk memenuhi kriteria kualifikasi yang baik, valid, dan reliabel sehingga layak digunakan.