bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparing the efficacy of 308‐nm light‐emitting diode and 308‐nm excimer lamp for treating vitiligo: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hu Yu , Liu Lihao , Xu Zhuohong , Huang Dan , Chen Hongying , Zhang Jiaan , Chen Lihao , Dai Xiaoxi , Zhang Liangliang , Luan Chao , Ju Mei , Chen Kun
Published: May 2024

Background

In previous studies, the 308‐nm light‐emitting diode (LED) has been proven safe and effective for treating vitiligo. However, direct comparisons between the 308‐nm LED and 308‐nm excimer lamp (308‐nm MEL) for the treatment of vitiligo are lacking.

Objective

To compare the efficacy of the 308‐nm LED and 308‐nm MEL for treating nonsegmental stable vitiligo.

Patients and Methods

This randomized controlled trial was conducted between January 2018 and August 2023. Enrolled patients were randomly assigned to either the 308‐nm LED or the 308‐nm MEL groups, both receiving 16 treatment sessions. Adverse events that occurred during the treatment were documented.

Results

In total, 269 stable vitiligo patches from 174 patients completed the study. A total of 131 lesions were included in the 308‐nm LED group, and 138 lesions were included in the 308‐nm MEL group. After 16 treatment sessions, 38.17% of the vitiligo patches in the 308‐nm LED group achieved repigmentation of at least 50% versus 38.41% in the 308‐nm MEL group. The two devices exhibited similar results in terms of efficacy for a repigmentation of at least 50% (p = .968). The incidence of adverse effects with the two phototherapy devices was comparable (p = .522).

Conclusions

Treatment of vitiligo with the 308‐nm LED had a similar efficacy rate to the 308‐nm MEL, and the incidence of adverse effects was comparable between the two devices.
Conquering new grounds: plant organellar C‐to‐U RNA editing factors can be functional in the plant cytosol
Authors: Thielen Mirjam , Gärtner Béla , Knoop Volker , Schallenberg‐Rüdinger Mareike , Lesch Elena
Published: May 2024

Plant mitochondrial and chloroplast transcripts are subject to numerous events of specific cytidine‐to‐uridine (C‐to‐U) RNA editing to correct genetic information. Key protein factors for this process are specific RNA‐binding pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins, which are encoded in the nucleus and post‐translationally imported into the two endosymbiotic organelles. Despite hundreds of C‐to‐U editing sites in the plant organelles, no comparable editing has been found for nucleo‐cytosolic mRNAs raising the question why plant RNA editing is restricted to chloroplasts and mitochondria. Here, we addressed this issue in the model moss Physcomitrium patens, where all PPR‐type RNA editing factors comprise specific RNA‐binding and cytidine deamination functionalities in single proteins. To explore whether organelle‐type RNA editing can principally also take place in the plant cytosol, we expressed PPR56, PPR65 and PPR78, three editing factors recently shown to also function in a bacterial setup, together with cytosolic co‐transcribed native targets in Physcomitrium. While we obtained unsatisfying results upon their constitutive expression, we found strong cytosolic RNA editing under hormone‐inducible expression. Moreover, RNA‐Seq analyses revealed varying numbers of up to more than 900 off‐targets in other cytosolic transcripts. We conclude that PPR‐mediated C‐to‐U RNA editing is not per se incompatible with the plant cytosol but that its limited target specificity has restricted its occurrence to the much less complex transcriptomes of mitochondria and chloroplast in the course of evolution.
Cultural variation in New Zealand English stories about place
Authors: Degani Marta , Onysko Alexander
Published: May 2024

This study is set in the context of Aotearoa New Zealand and investigates the influence of cultural knowledge on the type of topics that speakers of New Zealand Englishes (NZEs) associate to in their narrations. A storytelling task based on picture prompts of New Zealand landscapes shows a major difference between the cultural associations of Māori and Pākehā (New Zealand European) participants. The difference can be captured in two cultural frames that underlie the preferred topics chosen by the two groups. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for defining NZEs, and they also bear ramifications for theory development in Cultural Linguistics, highlighting the nested and flexibly construable nature of cultural conceptualisations. For research on world Englishes, the study is an example of how cultural‐linguistic analyses can be extended towards larger cultural framings to explain cultural variation among speakers of Englishes.
The Ashwell Project: creating an online geospatial community
Authors: Lien-Talks Alphaeus
Published: May 2024

As the world increasingly embraces digital platforms, archaeologists are adapting their methods of public engagement accordingly. This was particularly evident during the COVID-19 pandemic, when many outreach and engagement efforts moved online. One such project was The Ashwell Project (TAP), which combined aspects of participatory Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and crowdsourcing of datasets, with Progressive Web App functionality of geolocation and navigation to disseminate community-collected photographs and narratives. The project's primary focus was two-fold: to disseminate anecdotal datasets within local heritage initiatives, and how to facilitate the involvement of users with limited technical proficiency innavigating complex digital systems. This paper highlights the opportunities and valuable lessons regarding digital engagement in communities. It considers strategies to promote the adoption of participatory GIS and crowdsourcing datasets, as well as how users' own devices can be utilised to increase engagement with tangible and intangible heritage. I argue that such approaches merit broader consideration, encouraging communities to actively engage with such platforms. The project underscores the importance of design thinking, emphasising empathy and iterative testing, in crafting effective heritage assets. Furthermore, it demonstrates the feasibility of engaging the public with archaeology even amidst a global pandemic.
Comparing the end correction of a spherically baffled piston to infinitely baffled and unbaffled circular radiators (L)
Authors: Bellows Samuel D.
Published: May 2024

Models of acoustical systems commonly employ end corrections to represent the radiation impedance of a vibrating element. Although several analytic solutions appear in the literature, the end corrections of an infinitely baffled circular piston and an unbaffled semi-infinite circular pipe remain popular in modeling applications. This Letter compares the end correction of these two configurations to that of a radially vibrating cap on a sphere. The results show that the spherically baffled end correction, when expressed as a function of spherical-cap radius, falls between these two extremal boundary conditions.
Predicting Injuries in Elite Female Football Players With Global-Positioning-System and Multiomics Data
Authors: González Juan R. , Cáceres Alejandro , Ferrer Eva , Balagué-Dobón Laura , Escribà-Montagut Xavier , Sarrat-González David , Quintás Guillermo , Rodas Gil
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Injury prevention is a crucial aspect of sports, particularly in high-performance settings such as elite female football. This study aimed to develop an injury prediction model that incorporates clinical, Global-Positioning-System (GPS), and multiomics (genomics and metabolomics) data to better understand the factors associated with injury in elite female football players. Methods: We designed a prospective cohort study over 2 seasons (2019–20 and 2021–22) of noncontact injuries in 24 elite female players in the Spanish Premiership competition. We used GPS data to determine external workload, genomic data to capture genetic susceptibility, and metabolomic data to measure internal workload. Results: Forty noncontact injuries were recorded, the most frequent of which were muscle (63%) and ligament (20%) injuries. The baseline risk model included fat mass and the random effect of the player. Six genetic polymorphisms located at the DCN, ADAMTS5, ESRRB, VEGFA, and MMP1 genes were associated with injuries after adjusting for player load (P < .05). The genetic score created with these 6 variants determined groups of players with different profile risks (P = 3.1 × 10−4). Three metabolites (alanine, serotonin, and 5-hydroxy-tryptophan) correlated with injuries. The model comprising baseline variables, genetic score, and player load showed the best prediction capacity (C-index: .74). Conclusions: Our model could allow efficient, personalized interventions based on an athlete’s vulnerability. However, we emphasize the necessity for further research in female athletes with an emphasis on validation studies involving other teams and individuals. By expanding the scope of our research and incorporating diverse populations, we can bolster the generalizability and robustness of our proposed model.
Effect of 6-Week Sprint Training on Long-Distance Running Performance in Highly Trained Runners
Authors: Ando Ryosuke , Kojima Chihiro , Okamoto Saya , Kasai Nobukazu , Sumi Daichi , Takao Kenji , Goto Kazushige , Suzuki Yasuhiro
Published: May 2024

Purpose: Long-distance running performance has been reported to be associated with sprint performance in highly trained distance runners. Therefore, we hypothesized that sprint training could enhance distance running and sprint performance in long-distance runners. This study examined the effect of 6-week sprint training on long-distance running and sprint performance in highly trained distance runners. Methods: Nineteen college runners were divided into control (n = 8) and training (n = 11) groups. Participants in the training group performed 12 sprint training sessions in 6 weeks, while those in the control group performed 12 distance training sessions. Before and after the interventions, maximal oxygen uptake (), O2 cost during submaximal running (290 m·min−1 and 310 m·min−1 of running velocity), and time to exhaustion (starting at 290 m·min–1 and increased 10 m·min–1 every minute) were assessed on a treadmill. Additionally, the 100-m and 400-m sprinting times and 3000-m running time were determined on an all-weather track. Results: In the control group, no measurements significantly changed after the intervention. In the training group, the time to exhaustion, 100-m and 400-m sprinting times, and 3000-m running time improved significantly, while and O2 cost did not change. Conclusions: These results showed that 6-week sprint training improved both sprint and long-distance running performance in highly trained distance runners without a change in aerobic capacity. Improvement in the time to exhaustion without a change in suggests that the enhancement of long-distance running performance could be attributable to improved anaerobic capacity.
Cadence Paradox in Cycling—Part 2: Theory and Simulation of Maximal Lactate Steady State and Carbohydrate Utilization Dependent on Cycling Cadence
Authors: Beneke Ralph , Leithäuser Renate M.
Published: May 2024

Purpose: To develop and evaluate a theory on the frequent observation that cyclists prefer cadences (RPMs) higher than those considered most economical at submaximal exercise intensities via modeling and simulation of its mathematical description. Methods: The theory combines the parabolic power-to-velocity (v) relationship, where v is defined by crank length, RPM-dependent ankle velocity, and gear ratio, RPM effects on the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS), and lactate-dependent carbohydrate oxidation (CHO). It was tested against recent experimental results of 12 healthy male recreational cyclists determining the v-dependent peak oxygen uptake (VO2PEAKv), MLSS (MLSSv), corresponding power output (PMLSSv), oxygen uptake at PMLSSv (VO2MLSSv), and CHOMLSSv-management at 100 versus 50 per minute, respectively. Maximum RPM (RPMMAX) attained at minimized pedal torque was measured. RPM-specific maximum sprint power output (PMAXv) was estimated at RPMs of 100 and 50, respectively. Results: Modeling identified that MLSSv and PMLSSv related to PMAXv (IPMLSSv) promote CHO and that VO2MLSSv related to VO2PEAKv inhibits CHO. It shows that cycling at higher RPM reduces IPMLSSv. It suggests that high cycling RPMs minimize differences in the reliance on CHO at MLSSv between athletes with high versus low RPMMAX. Conclusions: The present theory-guided modeling approach is exclusively based on data routinely measured in high-performance testing. It implies a higher performance reserve above IPMLSSv at higher RPM. Cyclists may prefer high cycling RPMs because they appear to minimize differences in the reliance on CHO at MLSSv between athletes with high versus low RPMMAX.
Energy transition needs new materials
Authors: Mirkin Chad A. , Sargent Edward H. , Schrag Daniel P.
Published: May 2024

The decreasing cost of electricity worldwide from wind and solar energy, as well as that of end-use technologies such as electric vehicles, reflect substantial progress made toward replacing fossil fuels with alternative energy sources. But a full transition to clean energy can only be realized if numerous challenges are overcome. Many problems can be addressed through the discovery of new materials that improve the efficiency of energy production and consumption; reduce the need for scarce mineral resources; and support the production of green hydrogen, clean ammonia, and carbon-neutral hydrocarbon fuels. However, research and development of new energy materials are not as aggressive as they should be to meet the demands of climate change.
Determination of soil phenanthrene degradation through a fungal–bacterial consortium
Authors: Luo Chunling , Guan Guoqing , Dai Yeliang , Cai Xixi , Huang Qihui , Li Jibing , Zhang Gan
Published: May 2024

Fungal–bacterial consortia enhance organic pollutant removal, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We used stable isotope probing (SIP) to explore the mechanism of bioaugmentation involved in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) biodegradation in petroleum-contaminated soil by introducing the indigenous fungal strain A
spergillus
sp. LJD-29 and the bacterial strain P
seudomonas
XH-1. While each strain alone increased phenanthrene (PHE) degradation, the simultaneous addition of both strains showed no significant enhancement compared to treatment with XH-1 alone. Nonetheless, the assimilation effect of microorganisms on PHE was significantly enhanced. SIP revealed a role of XH-1 in PHE degradation, while the absence of LJD-29 in
13
C-DNA indicated a supporting role. The correlations between fungal abundance, degradation efficiency, and soil extracellular enzyme activity indicated that LJD-29, while not directly involved in PHE assimilation, played a crucial role in the breakdown of PHE through extracellular enzymes, facilitating the assimilation of metabolites by bacteria. This observation was substantiated by the results of metabolite analysis. Furthermore, the combination of fungus and bacterium significantly influenced the diversity of PHE degraders. Taken together, this study highlighted the synergistic effects of fungi and bacteria in PAH degradation, revealed a new fungal–bacterial bioaugmentation mechanism and diversity of PAH-degrading microorganisms, and provided insights for
in situ
bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soil.

IMPORTANCE

This study was performed to explore the mechanism of bioaugmentation by a fungal–bacterial consortium for phenanthrene (PHE) degradation in petroleum-contaminated soil. Using the indigenous fungal strain
Aspergillus
sp. LJD-29 and bacterial strain
Pseudomonas
XH-1, we performed stable isotope probing (SIP) to trace active PHE-degrading microorganisms. While inoculation of either organism alone significantly enhanced PHE degradation, the simultaneous addition of both strains revealed complex interactions. The efficiency plateaued, highlighting the nuanced microbial interactions. SIP identified XH-1 as the primary contributor to
in situ
PHE degradation, in contrast to the limited role of LJD-29. Correlations between fungal abundance, degradation efficiency, and extracellular enzyme activity underscored the pivotal role of LJD-29 in enzymatically facilitating PHE breakdown and enriching bacterial assimilation. Metabolite analysis validated this synergy, unveiling distinct biodegradation mechanisms. Furthermore, this fungal–bacterial alliance significantly impacted PHE-degrading microorganism diversity. These findings advance our understanding of fungal–bacterial bioaugmentation and microorganism diversity in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation as well as providing insights for theoretical guidance in the
in situ
bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soil.
Role of ethanolamine utilization and bacterial microcompartment formation in
Listeria monocytogenes
intracellular infection
Authors: Chatterjee Ayan , Kaval Karan Gautam , Garsin Danielle A.
Published: May 2024

Ethanolamine (EA) affects the colonization and pathogenicity of certain human bacterial pathogens in the gastrointestinal tract. However, EA can also affect the intracellular survival and replication of host cell invasive bacteria such as
Listeria monocytogenes
(LMO) and
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium (
S
. Typhimurium). The EA utilization (
eut
) genes can be categorized as regulatory, enzymatic, or structural, and previous work in LMO showed that loss of genes encoding functions for the enzymatic breakdown of EA inhibited LMO intracellular replication. In this work, we sought to further characterize the role of EA utilization during LMO infection of host cells. Unlike what was previously observed for
S
. Typhimurium, in LMO, an EA regulator mutant (
ΔeutV
) was equally deficient in intracellular replication compared to an EA metabolism mutant (
ΔeutB
)
,
and this was consistent across Caco-2, RAW 264.7, and THP-1 cell lines. The structural genes encode proteins that self-assemble into bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) that encase the enzymes necessary for EA metabolism. For the first time, native EUT BMCs were fluorescently tagged, and EUT BMC formation was observed
in vitro
and
in vivo
. Interestingly, BMC formation was observed in bacteria infecting Caco-2 cells, but not the macrophage cell lines. Finally, the cellular immune response of Caco-2 cells to infection with
eut
mutants was examined, and it was discovered that
ΔeutB
and
ΔeutV
mutants similarly elevated the expression of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, EA sensing and utilization during LMO intracellular infection are important for optimal LMO replication and immune evasion but are not always concomitant with BMC formation.

IMPORTANCE

Listeria monocytogenes
(LMO) is a bacterial pathogen that can cause severe disease in immunocompromised individuals when consumed in contaminated food. It can replicate inside of mammalian cells, escaping detection by the immune system. Therefore, understanding the features of this human pathogen that contribute to its infectiousness and intracellular lifestyle is important. In this work we demonstrate that genes encoding both regulators and enzymes of EA metabolism are important for optimal growth inside mammalian cells. Moreover, the formation of specialized compartments to enable EA metabolism were visualized by tagging with a fluorescent protein and found to form when LMO infects some mammalian cell types, but not others. Interestingly, the formation of the compartments was associated with features consistent with an early stage of the intracellular infection. By characterizing bacterial metabolic pathways that contribute to survival in host environments, we hope to positively impact knowledge and facilitate new treatment strategies.
Deprescribing in older adults with polypharmacy
Authors: Hung Anna , Kim Yoon Hie , Pavon Juliessa M
Published: May 2024

Polypharmacy is common in older adults and is associated with adverse
drug events, cognitive and functional impairment, increased healthcare
costs, and increased risk of frailty, falls, hospitalizations, and
mortality. Many barriers exist to deprescribing, but increased efforts have
been made to develop and implement deprescribing interventions that overcome
them. This narrative review describes intervention components and summarizes
findings from published randomized controlled trials that have tested
deprescribing interventions in older adults with polypharmacy, as well as
reports on ongoing trials, guidelines, and resources that can be used to
facilitate deprescribing. Most interventions were medication reviews in
primary care settings, and many contained components such as shared decision
making and/or a focus on patient care priorities, training for healthcare
professionals, patient facing education materials, and involvement of family
members, representing great heterogeneity in interventions addressing
polypharmacy in older adults. Just over half of study interventions were
found to perform better than usual care in at least one of their primary
outcomes, and most study interventions were assessed over 12 months or
less.
102: PROMOTING INFORMATION LITERACY BY PROMOTING HEALTH LITERACY IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY
Authors: Dastani Meisam , Sattari Masoume
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

In the information society the production, distribution and use of information is freely and widely available for all issues of life. Correct and appropriate use of appropriate and reliable information is especially important in health care. The present study introduces the concepts and benefits of health literacy and information literacy and its role in improving health literacy.

Methods:

This study is a review based on a review of the concepts of the information society, information literacy and information educated to present importance of promoting information literacy on health literacy in the information society.

Results and Conclusion:

The information society by providing a platform of information technology and computer systems to attempts exchange and development information between people in the community. Currently, electronic and web-based health information in the form of mass is available for people. Information as a fundamental base of the information society is a phenomenon that our decisions are affect in relation to various issues such as safety and health issues. It is important point to avoid the mass of information invalid, incorrect and inappropriate available on the internet. This requires information literacy skills such as identifying, accessing and evaluating information. In general, it can be said that the promotion of health literacy in communities are required to learn different skills in the form of information literacy.
106: REVIEW OF SCREENING PROGRAM EFFECT ON INCIDENCE OF HEMOLYTIC DISEASE DUE TO G6PD DEFICIENCIES
Authors: Tarhani Fariba , Dalvand Shabnam
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

G6PD deficiencies is a genetically issue that is noticed and is wide spread in our region and around the world. Despite the screening program for this disease since 2005 there are noticeable cases.

Methods:

In this descriptive study the file of 923 patients that were diagnosed with Favism and hospitalized in Khorramabad hospitals during 2005 and 2015 were reviewed. This information includes the number of occurrence for each year, the causes of new cases which analyzed and recorded.

Conclusion:

Even so the cases reduced from 102 at 2005 to 33 at 2015 (60% reduction) but the most case were on 2009 and 2013 with 102 case and 145 case respectively. The cause of developing of these case is under observation and consideration. The most noticeable causes of occurrences are misunderstanding of the parents from permanent nature of disease (63.0%), neglecting disease (12.0%), Lack of providing of screening results to parents (12.0%) and use of Oxidant agents without parental supervision (8.0%), use of wrong Oxidant medication (5.0%).Despite of large expenses for screening program it seems that educate and providing information to the parents needs revision.
114: STRATEGIES FOR HOLDING SUCCESSFUL EVIDENCE-BASED JOURNAL CLUBS IN THE HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND MEDICAL INFORMATICS FACULTY OF KERMAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Authors: Motamedi Fatemeh , Tavakkoli Leila , Khanjani Narges
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Journal Club is a well-known method for reviewing new scientific articles and evidence-based information; in different fields of medical sciences.

Methods:

This qualitative content analysis study was done by interviewing nine academics and graduate students at the Department of Librarianship at the Faculty of Health Management and Medical Informatics of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran in 2015. Data collection was continued until saturation.

Results:

Several strategies for holding better journal clubs were extracted from the interviews. The main themes extracted were that; journal clubs should be held at an appropriate time, have someone in charge of organizing the facilities and content; and let everyone participate in the discussion. Also article appraisal should be taught to participants beforehand. Some of the obstacvles of a good journal club were the lack of sufficient proficiency in English and lack of proper understanding of the subject under discussion.

Conclusion:

Although in many great universities around the world evidence-based journal clubs are routinely and correctly held; this task has not yet been maturely performed in many educational centers in Iran. More efforts should be put into holding routine and appropriate journal clubs.
119: THE CARVACROL LEVEL AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF INDUSTRIAL AND LABORATORY ESSENTIAL OILS OF THE WILD AND CULTIVATEDSATUREJA KHUZESTANICA
Authors: hadavand Samaneh
Published: May 2024

Background and aim:

Satureja khuzestanicahas numerous proven biological properties. This study was carried out to determine the amount of carvacrol in the industrial and laboratory essential oils of the wild and cultivatedS. khuzestanica, and investigate their antibacterial properties.

Methods:

The essential oil of the cultivatedS. khuzestanicawas prepared industrially in the Khorraman Pharmaceutical Company, and the essential oils of the cultivated and wildS. khuzestanicawere extracted in the laboratory using the Hydrodistillation method. Identifying and determining the amount of carvacrol were performed using the gas chromatography (GC) equipment. The microbroth dilution method was applied to evaluate the antibacterial properties of the essential oils.

Results:

Carvacrol was the main component of the plant, and its amounts were found to be 96.9% (the highest level of carvacrol reported so far) for the essential oil of the wildS. khuzestanicataken in the laboratory, 90.6% for the essential oil of the cultivatedS. khuzestanicaextracted in the laboratory, and 81.47% for the essential oil of the cultivatedS. khuzestanicaprepared industrially. It was also found that the essential oil of this plant has remarkable antibacterial effects on standard bacteria, particularly on resistantStaphylococcus aureus.

Conclusion:

These results suggest thatS. khuzestanicais rich in phenolic compounds and has antioxidant properties as well. Therefore, it can be used as a useful herbal source in food and drug industries.
121: THE COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF PIOGLITAZONE AND METFORMIN ON REDUCING INSULIN RESISTANCE IN 8 TO 15 YEARS OLD CHILDREN WITH OBESITY IN GORGAN BETWEEN 2012–2013
Authors: Abbasi Fatemeh , A Zhiani Asgharzade , S Mostafavi , M Zare , M Karimi , H Zaeri
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Insulin resistance is one of the metabolic complications of obesity in childhood. Metformin and pioglitazone are medications that have beneficial effects in improving insulin sensitivity via different mechanisms. The aim of this study was to comparing the effects of pioglitazone and metformin on reducing insulin resistance in 8 to 15 years old children with obesity.

Methods:

In this clinical trial, 60 of 15–8 years old children with obesity or overweight were randomly divided to two groups; P (treated with 15 mg/day pioglitazone) and M (treated with 1000 mg/day metformin), and were studied for three months. Anthropometric and laboratory parameters were measured for each patient before and after intervention. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was determined for the children at the beginning and end of the study. The Collected data were analyzed using SPSS-18 statistical software and t-test.

Results:

Median age of children was 10 years in both groups. In group P, 30% and in group M, 53.3% of patients were male. In both groups were observed a significant reduction in weight, BMI and HOMA-IR, fasting insulin and glucose (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). There was also a significant reduction in triglycerides and cholesterol in both groups (P<0.05). Metformin caused a significant decrease in the levels of HDL P<0.05), but there was no significant change in LDL levels in any groups, (P>0.05). 10% of children were diagnosed low risk medical complications.

Conclusion:

The results showed that both pioglitazone and metformin significantly reduced body weight, BMI and insulin resistance index in obese children.
130: THE EFFECT OF MUSIC IN OPERATING ROOM: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Vahed Nafiseh , Kabiri Neda , Oskouei Mina Mahami , Gavgani Vahideh Zarea , Khatooni Azam Asghari , Sadooghi Nahid
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Operating room is a quiet place and serious that there will be any extra noise to the distraction and interfere with verbal communication between people. However, numerous studies have shown that a significant relaxation in the operating room does not establish silence and may be used to achieve this purpose; the quiet sound of music .This study is a systematic review about the effects of music on the healing process of patients in the operating room.

Methods:

We systematically reviewed the literature from Medline (PubMed), The Cochrane Library, Ovid, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest and Google Scholar published between 2000 and 2016. The search strategy included a combination of Mesh and Free Keywords, “Music”, “Music Therapy”, “Operating room”, “operating theatre”, “surgery room”, in all fields. Also the publication types of review and articles were included and meetings abstract, editorials, brief commentaries, letters, errata and papers that Subtopics were also excluded.

Results:

Our initial search identified 480 abstracts. Application of the inclusion/exclusion criteria resulted in 17 articles for review. Findings indicated that music has a positive effect on patient perception of anxiety, pain and satisfaction some times, but it was relatively ineffective when there is a severe pain. Also findings showed that loud music played in operating theatres hinders the ability of nurses to hear instructions. On the other hand surgeons speed increase with music played in operating theaters.

Discussion:

Music is a free way to improve patients stress and pain before and during surgery. Although there isn't enough evidence in order to draw a net conclusion about the effect of music in operating rooms.
183: IRANIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE: AN OVERVIEW OF DIALOGUE BETWEEN TWO PARADIGMS
Authors: Moradi Siavash , Hosseini Amirsaeed
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

The history of medicine has experienced multiple emersions and wanes of several paradigms. Attenuation of a paradigm and finally its wane will occur when that paradigm is unresponsive to new scientific questions and needs. All studies run about Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) has acknowledged its ability to response to new clinical needs, but are in agreement in this point that instructions of ITM should be revised befitting to the Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). This review describes the main dimensions of both ITM and EBM and criticizes the approach of adaptation of ITM instructions to principles of EBM.

Methods:

The keywords of Evidence–based Medicine, Traditional Medicine and Iran were searched through databases of Pub Med, CINAHL, and Google scholar. Also philosophical debates about medical paradigms were extracted from the Literature.

Results:

Experts in philosophy of medicine believe that two competing paradigms are typically incommensurable i.e. without a common Language into which both can be translated, and mutually exclusive because of their incompatible characteristics. ITM is both comparable and compatible with EBM, but cannot be completely integrated in EBM framework. Reiteration of experiences, exclusive value of expert opinions and practices and regarding to the art dimension of medical practice are the main characteristics of traditional paradigm. ITM gives credit for repeatability of experiences and opinions which have no place in EBM. Also, ITM emphasizes on expert opinions which are in the lowest level of EBM's hierarchy of evidence. Conversely translating general knowledge into particular cases, as an index of art dimension of ITM is in contrast to scientific dimension of EBM that has challenges associated with applying the results of Randomized Controlled Trials to individual patients. Also epistemological and ethical critiques of EBM declined its predilection to other paradigms in which focus on unsystematic clinical observations, mechanistic reasoning and expert opinions.

Conclusion:

ITM, similarly to other paradigms, has distinct and noticeable characteristics and should be outreached internally. Although the rules of other paradigms may inhibit its ongoing evolution, but are disable to destruct its structure completely.
211: VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF A TOOL EVALUATING EVIDENCE UTILIZATION IN HEALTH POLICY MAKING BASED ON THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR
Authors: Nasab Mohammad Hasan Imani , Yazdizadeh Bahareh , Salehi Masoud , Seyedin Hesam , Majdzadeh Reza
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Although many models exist for designing knowledge translation interventions aimed at supporting evidence – based policy-making, no valid, reliable and domesticized measuring tool exists for assessing the changes taking place in utilization of research evidence by policy-makers and stakeholders. The goal of this study was to design and validate one such tool based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). This tool can then be applied to determine the status quo, design interventions and assess their impact.

Methods:

The study population consisted of all the technical units and their employees in the five deputies of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in 2013. All those eligible to participate were included in the study, which comprised 373 persons. The reliability of the tool was determined through test-retest; its internal consistency and composite construct reliability and validity were determined by face, content, divergent, convergent, discriminant and construct validities. SPSS-20 and LISREL-8.8 were employed to analyze the data. To assess the fitness of the measurement models three groups of indices were used, absolute, relative and parsimonious.

Results:

The content & face validities of the tool were 83% and 67% respectively. The reliability was tested through internal consistency, where Cronbach's alpha of different constructs ranged from 0.7 to 0.9. In the test-retest method, the intra-class correlation was between 0.75 and 0.87. The composite reliability of all the constructs was higher than the acceptable value. Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed that the penta-factorial structure of the experimental data had acceptable fitness with the TPB (GFI=0.86, NFI=0.94, RSMEA=0.075).

Conclusion:

Based on our results, the TPB – based tool has relatively good reliability and validity to assess evidence utilization in health policy-making.
4: A STUDY ON THE RATE OF INFORMATION LITERACY OF FACULTY MEMBERS AND PHD STUDENTS OF FACULTY OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY, TABRIZ UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, BASED ON SUCCESSFUL EVIDENCE HEALTHCARE
Authors: Razmkhah Maryam , Moghadam Hadi Sharif , Ziaei Soraya , Zarea Vahideh , Narimani Mohammad Reza
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Evidence based care is an approach to clinical problem-solving in which merging the results of several studies and information on specialty clinical care as well as patients' wishes and values leads to effective decision making, to avoid seeking frequent care facilitating the patient cares, empowering healthcare workers, maintaining and improving the health of patients and the families. Results of the conducted studies suggest that using such an approach requires information literacy skills. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess information literacy of the faculty members and PhD students of Nursing and Midwifery School of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences about evidence based care.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional survey 53 PhD students and faculty members were selected using census sampling method. Data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. This inventory was developed regarding valid scientific literature on information literacy and evidence-based care with 68 items and 5 standards of literacy prepared within some steps. After confirming the validity, its reliability was concluded by Cranach's Alpha (0.89). Data was analyzed using SPSS/22.

Results:

Average information literacy skill level for faculty members and students related to evidence-based care and information literacy standards was higher than the average index, except for “information exchange” standard (50±10). The highest and lowest mean scores in evidence based care were for, respectively, questions formation (respectively, 96.18±18.6.17 and 48.51±14.69) and evaluation results (respectively 95.56±6.66 and 45.94±14.08). For information literacy standards there were calculated for (respectively) finding information as the highest score for (respectively, 95.56±6.66 and 72.44±13.62) and the lowest for information exchange (respectively, 74.19±11.83 and 48.51±11.35).

Conclusion:

According to the results of this study and also regarding to this subject that PhD students' and faculty members' information literacy level was above the average; it is recommended to develop optimal measures to promote evidence based decision making.
41: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF EVIDENCE-BASED NURSING CARE GUIDELINE BY USING THE AGREE II INSTRUMENT
Authors: Ghanbari Atefeh , Rahmatpour Pardis , Jafaraghayee Fatemeh , Khalili Malahat
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are useful tools based on the best available evidence for bridging the gap between available scientific evidence and clinical practice. Implementation according CPGs in practice have positive effects on health professionals' practice and patient outcomes. However, with the increase in published CPGs, concerns about their quality have risen. The aim of this study is to Critical Appraisal of Evidence-based Nursing Care Guideline by Using the AGREE II instrument.

Methods:

Evidence-based Nursing Care Guideline in patients with diabetic foot ulcer was developed based on Stetler Model from March to December 2015by our research team. Critical appraisal of guideline was evaluated in 6 domains of AGREEII tool by expert panel. Expert panel(n=10) consist of specialist in endocrinology and diabetes field and nursing faculty member of Guilan University of Medical Sciences(GUMS) had research in diabetes and DFU. Applicability of guideline in clinical was assess with checklist by nursing group. Nursing group (n=28) consists of head nurses and all nurses of endocrine and surgery units, and educational nursing supervisor of RAZI hospital affiliated to GUMS.

Results:

Among 114studies, evidence of 19 studies was selected and categorized based on 8NDs. According to mean scores of CVI/CVR of evidence, some evidence was revised by research team. In AGREEII domains, guideline had the highest score in “Scope and Purpose” (92.7%) and the lowest in “Applicability” (76.2%). About applicability of guideline, 92.9% of nurses reported the positive effect of implementation of guideline recommendations on caring DFU and lack of needed equipment for its implementation.

Conclusion:

According to results, developed guideline in all domains had acceptable score. Recommendations of guideline had effective role in prevention, reduction of complication and length of stay in hospital among DFU patients. Development, implementation and evaluation of these guidelines are recommended for diabetes complications.
48: EFFECT OF EDUCATION EMPOWERMENT PROGRAM THE FAMILY PHYSICIAN IN MEDICINE STUDENT FASA UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Authors: Ghasemi Afsaneh , koohpaayh Mohammad Amin , makulaty Zohre , hedayati Arvin
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Based on the resolutions of the World Conference in Edinburgh Scotland in 1988 community health and how to care and maintain the health of the population increase, which leads to changes in the training programs for medical education. The necessity of change in medical education programs based on the needs of the modern society and the role of the physician in the next century will cause medical education programs changes occur Medical education programs in which changes occur in a manner that their graduates to be in identifying health problems – how to do the treatment and community care and maintain the health of the people, which led to increased changes in public medical education programs. Certainly a capable practitioners in the section t in the field of community family physician plan will be successful. “on the other hand clearly on the need to re-think the rules and regulations of the performance assessment again family physician check it strengths training a key role planning and strength challenges the strengths of the plan should not forget the aim of this project is to determine the impact of family physician training empowerment program in medical students internship FASA University of medical sciences.

Methods:

this study of an intervention which was to investigate and determine impact of educational intervention on health according to the work position of the courses. In a sample of the population of students Extern In the year of Example of terms of entry or exit of resource is not loyal medical students s that 40 persons Extern 1394. In this study for training should discuss the needs analysis training is done verification by attendance doctors of family has been training package machinery create destroyed that rubric courses of the doctor family manage health system therapy literacy and related to mothers and children, and the elderly. treatment and management of then closed education issues confuse group test means two months later, witness results, using the Software SPSS method statistics T couple due post test and test was used to test the questionnaire awareness made special educational closed use it credit by specialist health education and medical is determined by social

Results:

Analysis of covariance showed that after adjusting for effects of pretest scores, the difference between mean posttest scores all constructs of in the intervention group 1 and control group were significant (P<0.0001). In addition, changes in mean scores of knowledge (42.4±13.6), acknowledge scale (29.1±14.2), before and after intervention were significant in the intervention group 2 (P<0.0001).

Conclusion:

Application of family physicians is practically feasible and can result in enhancement and improvement of their knowledge and empowerment student.
53: EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF PERCEIVED STRESS ON DYSMENORRHEA
Authors: Dehkordi Ziba Raisi
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Dysmenorrhea is one of the most commonly reported symptoms by adolescent girls and adult women in obstetrics and gynaecology departments that can have adverse effects on their quality of life. The aim of this research was to evaluate psychologic risk factors of primary dysmenorrhea.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on female students residing in dormitory in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences in Shahrekord, Iran. In this study, 96 females with dysmenorrhea and 100 females without dysmenorrhea were enrolled. A questionnaire along with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC) was provided to the students.

Results:

66 students had a PSS score >20 while 130 had a score ≤20. An association was established between high stress levels (PSS >20) and menstrual irregularity. No association was found in students with PSS >20 with hypomenorrhoea, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, long cycle length and short cycle length.

Conclusion:

High stress levels (PSS >20) was associated with only menstrual irregularities and not with duration, amount of flow or dysmenorrhea. Hence, other causes should be looked for in young women complaining of menstrual problems before stress is assumed to be the cause.
56: EVALUATION OF SCIENTIFIC OUTPUTS OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENTS IN PUBMED
Authors: Abbasi Fahime , Jalalzadeh Sara , Pashazadeh Fariba
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Health technology assessments (HTA's) have been known as a scientific approach for improving of patient outcomes also efficacy promoting of health systems. Therefore, in this study, scientific publications of HTAs in PubMed have been assessed.

Methods:

In this descriptive-scientometrics research, all HTA studies were searched in PubMed in August 2016. For this purpose, special keywords were searched in title, abstract and Mesh subject headings without any date limitation. Then, 2881 retrieved documents were analyzed.

Results:

According to the findings, the first document in the field of HTA published in 1978 and then in 1983. Also, the most of documents published in 2015, 2014, 2016 consequently. In addition, the most frequency of affiliations belonged to VANCOUVER BC' TORONTO ON and MONTREAL QC. Furthermore, SIEBERT U' DRUMMOND M and HAILEY D were the most active authors. Moreover, three journals include INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN HEALTH CARE' HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT (WINCHESTER, ENGLAND) and VALUE IN HEALTH: THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS with 32% of publications had the highest portion in this area and English language with 90% were in the first rank, then, German, French and Spanish were in the next ranks. Finally, the majority of publications were Journal Article and then RESEARCH SUPPORT, NON-U.S. GOV'T and REVIEW allocated next places.

Conclusion:

Health technology assessments are important tools in order to help for policy making, programming and technology management in health care services. Hence, evaluation of publication in this domain can reflect published research trend and lead to conduct ongoing studies to provide studies Effectiveness toward society requirements and government's policies.
58: EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF ACOUSTIC STIMULATION AND FEEDING MOTHER STIMULATION ON NON-REACTIVE NON-STRESS TEST
Authors: Raouf Shiva
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:

Non-stress test (NST) is known as one of the most common assessments for evaluation of fetus wellbeing. Since the prevalence of its false positive resultsishigh and majority of fetuses with non-reactive results are not at risk, it is important to find out effective approaches to identify such results to avoid unnecessary interventions. So this survey was conducted with the aim of comparing the effects of acoustic stimulation with feeding mothers stimulation on non-reactive NST results.

Methods:

This study performed on 104 healthy pregnant women with non-reactive NST results and gestational ages between 32 and 42 weeks in Tabriz Alzahra hospital. Subjects were divided into two groups for acoustic stimulation and feeding mother stimulation. Halfan hour later NST repeated for participants of each group in the same environmental condition and again the results evaluated.

Results:

According to our findings, 75% of subjects with non-reactive NST results changed to reactive after acoustic stimulation group. However, 80% of participants with non-reactive NST results changed into reactive after feeding Stimulation. No significant differences found while comparing test results.

Conclusion:

Both stimulating approaches were effective in the identification of false positive NSTs and might be useful in preventing the unnecessary interventions.