bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis among Tuberculosis Patients Attending Chest Clinics in Osun-State, Nigeria
Authors: Oyedeji Gbadebo J. , Adeyemo Charles , Dissou Affolabi , Abiodun Tope , Alli Oyebode A.T. , Onaolapo Olakunle J. , Onaolapo Adejoke Y. , Adesiji Yemisi , Olowe Olugbenga A.
Published: February 2020

Background:

The development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) poses a considerable
threat to tuberculosis control programmes in Nigeria. There is an increase in the prevalence
of MDR-TB worldwide both among new tuberculosis cases as well as previously-treated ones. There is
also a rise in transmission of resistant strains due to an increase in MDR-TB patients largely due to the
poor drug compliance and the impact of Human immunodeficiency virus infection. Therefore, we intend
to determine the extent of MDR-TB among attendees of chest clinics in Osun-State, Nigeria.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of MDR-TB among confirmed
tuberculosis patients attending chest clinics in Osun-State, Nigeria.

Methods:

This study was conducted among 207 attendees of chest clinics in Osun-State between June,
2015 and October 15, 2016. Sputum and blood samples of the participants were collected. GeneXpert
test was carried out first on the samples for simultaneous identification of MTB and rifampicin resistance.
Sputum samples were cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) medium using N-acetyl-Lcysteine-
sodium hydroxide (NALC-NaOH) decontamination method. Drug susceptibility testing
(DST) to three first-line drugs was carried out using the proportion DST method.

Results:

The prevalence of MTB was found to be 27.5% while the prevalence of MDR-TB from the
fifty-seven isolates was 10.5%. Previously treated and new cases had a prevalence of 7.0% and 3.5%
MDR-TB, respectively. Seventy (33.8%) participants were positive for HIV infection, out of which
twenty-six (12.6%) had co-infection of tuberculosis and HIV. The mono-resistance rates of the three
first-line drugs used were: 5.3% and 8.7% for ethambutol (EMB) and isoniazid (INH), respectively. No
isolate had mono-resistance (0%) to rifampicin (RIF).

Conclusion:

This study observed the prevalence of 27.5% MTB and a prevalence of 10.5% MDR-TB
among the MTB isolates. The prevalence of TB is high in Osun State. MDR-TB prevalence is higher
compared with the national estimate of MDR-TB (5.1%) of 2017. Resistant TB is a threat to national
tuberculosis control and it is recommended that all the facilities be equipped to cater to its diagnosis.
Comparison of Machine Learning Techniques Based Brain Source Localization Using EEG Signals
Authors: Jatoi Munsif Ali , Dharejo Fayaz Ali , Teevino Sadam Hussain
Published: February 2020

Background:

The brain is the most complex organ of the human body with millions of
connections and activations. The electromagnetic signals are generated inside the brain due to a
mental or physical task performed. These signals excite a bunch of neurons within a particular lobe
depending upon the nature of the task performed. To localize this activity, certain machine learning
(ML) techniques in conjunction with a neuroimaging technique (M/EEG, fMRI, PET) are developed.
Different ML techniques are provided in the literature for brain source localization. Among
them, the most common are: minimum norm estimation (MNE), low resolution brain electromagnetic
tomography (LORETA) and Bayesian framework based multiple sparse priors (MSP).

Aims:

In this research work, EEG is used as a neuroimaging technique.

Methods:

EEG data is synthetically generated at SNR=5dB. Afterwards, ML techniques are applied
to estimate the active sources. Each dataset is run for multiple trials (>40). The performance
is analyzed using free energy and localization error as performance indicators. Furthermore, MSP
is applied with a variant number of patches to observe the impact of patches on source localization.

Results:

It is observed that with an increased number of patches, the sources are localized with
more precision and accuracy as expressed in terms of free energy and localization error, respectively.

Conclusion:

The patches optimization within the Bayesian Framework produces improved results
in terms of free energy and localization error.
In Vitro Demonstration of Drug-Reagent Interactions Among Commonly Used Parenteral Drugs in Cardiology
Authors: Gönel Ataman , Tascanov Mustafa B. , Bayraktar Nihayet , Koyuncu Ismail , Agan Veysel , Enes Mehmet , Guzelcicek Ahmet
Published: February 2020

Background:

Drug-drug interactions are undesirable, as they reduce drug bioavailability.
Drug-reagent interactions in biochemical tests may directly affect the accuracy of test results.

Objective:

The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of drug-reagent interactions of
drugs used in cardiology on different cardiac markers (troponin I, Nt-proBNP, CK-MB mass, CK,
AST, and LDH) and the D-dimer test.

Methods:

Eleven drugs (enoxaparin, tirofiban hydrochloride monohydrate, diltiazem, glyceryl trinitrate,
metoprolol, epinephrine, heparin sodium, atropine sodium, furosemide, norepinephrine tartrate,
and amiodarone HCl) were tested in an interference study. The interference protocol was applied to
the control material of troponin I, CK-MB mass, Nt-proBNP, CK, AST, LDH tests with 11 different
drugs and performed with analyzers. Cardiac Markers Plus Control (Bio-Rad, Irvine, CA, USA; Lot:
23662) materials were used to assess the impact of drug-reagent interactions on the accuracy of tests
of cardiac markers based on immunoassay methods. The bias rate, defined as the extent of deviation
from the target value (bias %), in the interference study was calculated in each test.

Results:

For all 11 drugs, positive interference in the range of 43.58% to 130.06% occurred in the
CK-MB mass test, whereas positive interference in the range of 11.98% to 107.44% occurred in the
troponin I test. All the drugs, except enoxaparin sodium, led to negative interference in the range of -
84.21 to -29.6% in the Nt-proBNP test. In the D-dimer test, amiodarone HCl and diltiazem caused
interference (122.87% and 28.08%, respectively). The percentage of interference caused by the other
drugs ranged from -1.27% to 11.44%. Minimal deviations in the target values (between -3.31% and
3.86%) were observed in the CK, AST, and LDH tests measured using spectrophotometric methods.

Conclusion:

Parenteral drugs used in cardiology can significantly interfere with troponin I, CK-MB
mass, Nt-proBNP, and D-dimer tests in the analytical phase because of drug-reagent interactions.
Minimal deviations in the CK, AST, and LDH tests were observed using spectrophotometric methods.
Thus, changes in test results may be due to drug interference rather than the treatment itself. Clinicians
should consider the possibility of drug interference in cases of doubtful cardiac test results
that do not comply with the diagnosis.
Solving the Uncapacitated Single Allocation p-Hub Location Problem with Fixed Cost Using Anti-Predatory NIA
Authors: Sachan Rohit K. , Kushwaha Dharmender S.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Hub Location Problem (HLP) deals with long-term strategic decision planning
in various application domains with the aim of reducing overall transportation cost. It deals
with identifying hubs and allocating spokes to hubs in order to route the flow of goods between
origin-destination locations. Due to the complex nature of the problem, meta-heuristic algorithms
are best suited to solve HLPs. The existing algorithms face the accuracy and consistency related issues
for solving the HLPs.

Objective:

This paper attempts to solve a variant of HLP, which is known as Uncapacitated Single
Allocation p-Hub Location Problem with Fixed Cost (USApHLP-FC), using Anti-Predatory Nature-
Inspired Algorithm (APNIA) to improve accuracy and consistency in results.

Methods:

APNIA is a recently proposed meta-heuristic nature-inspired algorithm, which is based on
the anti-predatory behavior of frogs. For solving the HLP, APNIA is used for both identifying the
hubs and allocating the spokes to hubs in order to reduce the total cost of goods transportation.

Results:

A numerical problem with 10 locations is used for empirical study. The experimental result
shows that APNIA outperforms other leading proposals in terms of total cost and gap value. The obtained
results of APNIA are compared with the genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, artificial
bee colony, firefly algorithm, teacher learning based optimization and Jaya algorithm. The
comparative study indicates at least 0.86% improvement in accuracy and at least a 10% gain in consistency
by APNIA for the different number of generations.

Conclusion:

The experimental evaluation and performance comparison signify that APNIA based approach has improved accuracy and consistency in solutions than other compared algorithms. It establishes the robustness of anti-predatory NIA for solving the hub location problems.
The Roles of YouTube and WhatsApp in Dementia Education for the Older Chinese American Population: Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Shu Sara , Woo Benjamin K P
Published: February 2020

Background

Dementia remains a stigmatized topic in the Chinese community.

Objective

This study aims to analyze and compare the usage of dementia educational YouTube videos and the modalities of video sharing over a 6-year period.

Methods

Dementia educational videos were uploaded to YouTube. Data was collected over a 6-year period. Results from the first 3 years were compared to those from the second 3 years using descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis.

Results

Over 6 years, the dementia educational videos generated a total watch time of 269,388 minutes, 37,690 views, and an average view duration of 7.1 minutes. Comparing the first and second 3-year periods of video performance data, there was a longer watch time (59,262 vs 210,126 minutes), more total views (9387 vs 28,303 views), and a longer average view duration (6.3 vs 7.4 minutes). Furthermore, WhatsApp has become a leading external traffic source and top sharing service, accounting for 43.5% (929/2137) and 67.0% (677/1011), respectively.

Conclusions

Over 6 years, YouTube has become an increasingly popular tool to deliver culturally sensitive dementia education to Chinese Americans. WhatsApp continues to be the preferred method of sharing dementia education and has become a top external traffic source to dementia educational videos. Taken together, these social media platforms are promising means of reducing the disparity in dementia knowledge in linguistically and culturally isolated populations.
Resepsi Ikatan Keluarga Banyuwangi Terhadap Mantra Sabuk Mangir
Authors: Dhani Dayu Rahma , Awanda Vindy Berlian , Novitasari Santi
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui resepsi yang dilakukan oleh Ikatan Keluarga Banyuwangi yang ada di Malang terhadap mantra sabuk mangir. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa asal Banyuwangi yang tergabung dalam Ikawangi yang ada di universitas di Malang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan teori resepsi sastra. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan generasi muda terhadap mantra sabuk mangir beragam. Hanya sedikit yang mengerti secara mendalam fungsi dan kegunaan mantra ini. Meskipun begitu, bagi mereka yang tidak mengerti secara mendalam mempersepsi bahwa mantra ini merupakan mantra pengasih yang biasa digunakan untuk mencari jodoh. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa mantra sabuk mangir di tengah masyarakat Banyuwangi, khususnya pelajar, tidak banyak lagi diketahui.
Manajemen Produksi Pergelaran: Peranan Leadership dalam Komunitas Seni Pertunjukan
Authors: Purnomo Heny , Subari Lilik
Published: February 2020

Seni populer selalu menghadirkan ruang sempit terhadap bentuk pertunjukan yang diselenggarakan secara langsung (live). Perkembangan budaya popular kedalam kehidupan seni pertunjukan telah me-munculkan transformasi nilai, ketika lembaga pemerintahan kurang dapat bersinergi dengan komunitas kesenian, maka terjadi berbagai benturan dalam proses berkesenian. Nilai estetik yang hadir melalui proses artistik, kini hanya dijadikan alat mendatangkan nilai ekonomi semata, sehingga “keindahan” sering dimaknai sebagai sesuatuhal yang harus menghasilkan keuntungan secara komersial. Sebaliknya perkembangan seni populer yang ditandai pesatnya media elektronik telah membawa pengaruh terhadap aktivitas produksi pergelaran. Pementasan kesenian tradisi yang diselenggarakan secara langsung sekarang semakin susah dijumpai, dan sering pula menghadapi persaingan dengan kesenian yang telah  dikomodifikasikan melalui media televisi. Tumbuh-kembang media televisi bahkan telah memicu pertumbuhan industri hiburan yang berorientasi komoditas dan keuntungan finansial. Tayangan hiburan di berbagai layar media televisi juga dapat memalingkan penonton dari pementasan yang diselenggarakan secara live. Perkembangan seni popular yang didukung teknologi dan kecepatan informasi telah membawa pengaruh transformasi dengan hadirnya industri hiburan, hal tersebut menjadi fenomena yang berdampak terhadap keberadaan pertunjukan maupun perilaku penontonnya. Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan faktor pendukung produksi pergelaran, menjelaskan pengelolaan dan peranan leadership dalam komunitas kesenian. Untuk meng- analisa data digunakan teori relevan melalui analogi Goffman, dan manajemen ditunjang konsep kepemimpinan, sehingga hasil penelitian dapat digunakan menjawab fenomena yang terjadi. Penelitian yang menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan peranan leadership ini, lebih menitik-beratkan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka maupun dokumentasi. Penelusuran faktor pendukung dan produksi pergelaran menghasilkan asumsi tentang manajemen serta peranan kepemimpinan dalam keberadaan komunitas seni pertunjukan.
Sociological aspects of alcoholism as a social deviation in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Milošević Šošo B. Č.
Published: February 2020

There has always been an interest in social-pathological problems in the society. Documents confirming our wish to find out the causes of ‘other’ types of behavior as opposed to the ‘usual’/accepted types date back to the Ancient and Middle Ages. The social significance of the study of social-pathological phenomena is evident for they allow to reveal dysfunctionalities in certain structural elements or failed socialization, which are most probably determined by destabilization of the social system and value priorities. Alcoholism as a form of deviant behavior is usually considered the most common and influential factor of destroying the physical and psychological health and of negative changes in human behavior. The article describes the level of alcoholism and the ways of perceiving it in Bosnia and Herzegovina based on the empirical data collected within the broader scientific study of the social changes in one part of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Republic of Srpska. The survey was conducted on the representative sample of 220 respondents (reflecting the social-demographic and social-economic characteristics of the general population) in 7 municipalities of the Republic of Srpska. The questionnaire consisted of both closed and partly open questions to reveal the opinions of the respondents on specific deviant forms of behavior and to find out whether the respondents are engaged in some of these deviant forms depending on their attitudes and knowledge about them.
Future research of the future: From technocracy to new models of sociality
Authors: Koval E. A. , Ushkin S. G.
Published: February 2020

The article is a review of the book by J. Urry Kak vyglyadit budushchee? [What is the Future?] (Trans. by A. Matvienko; ed. by S. Shchukina. Moscow: Delo; 2018. 320 pp.] which describes multiple discourses of the social future and methods for its research. Its author, the co-director of the Lancaster’s Institute for Social Futures, believes that futurologists focus on new technologies but the key element of crucial innovations is social phenomena. The book presents the following main aspects of the contemporary research of the future: the social future is multiple, and its various images are supported by different actors and compete; all stakeholders should take part in discussions of the future - states, markets, civil society institutions, individuals; as a rule, three methods are used to study the future - individualistic, structural and based on the theory of complex systems; the future needs not to be planned but rather coordinated. The book proves the necessity to study the future to correct the present by creating and transforming social norms, practices and value orientations.
Intellectual competitions for schoolchildren: Main tasks and social significance
Authors: Slizovskiy D. E. , Ivanova M. G. , Martynenko E. V.
Published: February 2020

Every historical period forms a special generation with its own values and norms. Children and youth become the main driving force in the development of the higher education, but this system in Russia is going through a difficult period due to the problems unresolved after the 1990s: the quality, accessibility and effectiveness of the higher education, inequalities in the access to education, etc. Therefore, intellectual competitions can be considered not only a positive manifestation of the social activity of schoolchildren, but also a means to support talented youth and ensure the interconnection of secondary and higher education systems. The article considers social aspects of the intellectual competitions for schoolchildren which aim at the development of social practices related to research activities and teaching at school. The authors focus on the research and practice-oriented interests of schoolchildren within the intellectual competitions in social studies: priorities, values and life strategies of schoolchildren when choosing the sphere of their interests. The authors analyzed the written projects of schoolchildren, presentations of these projects, responses to experts’ questions, reactions to questions not directly related to the topic of the presented project, further participation in the section, and some additional information. As a result, the authors made conclusions not only about the content of the priorities, values and life strategies of schoolchildren, but also about the procedure and conditions necessary for assessing the quality of work and the creative potential of participants of intellectual competitions.
Estimación de niveles erosivos en suelos con cultivo de piña en Sarapiquí
Authors: Álvarez Rojas Maycol , Peña Wagner
Published: February 2020

La creciente expansión que presentan los sembradíos de piña en Costa Rica, ha levantado preocupaciones, debido a la alta mecanización de los procesos de sembrado que ha ocasionado fuertes niveles de erosión que han saturado de sedimentos ríos, quebradas y hasta importantes humedales como el de Caño Negro en la zona Norte (Programa Estado de la Nación, 2005). Con base a este hecho el trabajo propuesto se extendió sobre el objetivo de medir el grado de erosión y pérdida de suelo en los cultivos de piña, en los terrenos de la empresa Piñales Santa Clara S.A., empleando dos metodologías distintas, la primera de ellas se basó en cuantificar los sedimentos arrastrados por el agua, cuyos datos logrados mostraron una estimación de 49 Ton/ha/año. Con la segunda metodología se estimó la erosión a través de la medición de pedestales, obteniéndose un valor de 142 Ton/ha/año. Los datos de erosión calculados con ambos métodos se enmarcaron dentro de la categoría de erosión severa, según parámetros del MAG et al. (1994), que establecen que este tipo de erosión abarca los valores de suelo perdido entre 50 y 200 ton/ha/año. Además, el estudio realizado involucró la medición de la capacidad hídrica y la densidad aparente de los suelos, con resultados que mostraron la contribución de estos dos factores al proceso erosivo medido en los terrenos estudiados.
La importancia de la relación entre las micorrizas arbusculares y el fósforo en nuestros suelos
Authors: Gadea Paula , Peña Wagner
Published: February 2020

La agricultura de hoy en día requiere de tecnología limpia y de mayores conocimientos en el campo de la sostenibilidad y protección del medio ambiente. El abuso de fertilizantes, sobre todo fosfatados, lleva al deterioro de los agroecosistemas, por lo que se busca reutilizar los recursos para sustituir o complementar los sistemas agrícolas existentes. Tal es el caso del conocimiento en microorganismos benefi-ciosos para la agricultura, como las micorrizas arbusculares (VAM). Estos agentes biológicos contribuyen en la solubilización de elementos esenciales para los cultivos, como lo son varios oligoelementos y, especialmente, el fósforo en el suelo. En este último tema es muy importante para la fertilidad de los suelos en Costa Rica, ya que la mayoría de los suelos presentan poca disponibilidad del elemento y esnecesario alternativas sostenibles que sustituyan el aporte de sales fertilizantes fosfatadas. El trabajo pretende analizar información sobre las micorrizas VAM y el uso en la agricultura actual, sobre todo como biofertilizante y como una alternativa más para pequeños agricultores costarricenses.
Análisis crítico de los conceptos de sostenibilidad y desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Menacho Odio Rose Marie
Published: February 2020

Se analiza y critica el concepto de “Desarrollo Sostenible” por ser un término que no ha logrado producir una visión unificada del futuro, y que, por su ambigüedad, facilita que distintos grupos humanos le atribuyan significados distintos de acuerdo a la visión de desarrollo que defiendan. Estos diferentes significados parten del valor que cada grupo asigna al sistema económico, al conocimiento tradicional, la ciencia y la tecnología así como al papel que visualizan corresponde al ser humano frente a la naturaleza. Para lograr construir una visión común de futuro yun modelo sostenible, es necesario compartir valores como respeto, solidaridad, responsabilidad y colaboración hacia la naturaleza y los demás seres humanos. Para ello, la educación ambiental es un medio valioso que permita permearestos valores en la sociedad actual.
Providencia alcalifaciens patógeno emergente causante de diarreas
Authors: Montero García Jorge Mauricio
Published: February 2020

Providencia alcalifacienses un microorganismo de la flora intestinal normal, perteneciente a la familia Enterobacteriacea. Estudios a lo largo del tiempo han relacionado a este microorganismo con cuadros de diarrea principalmente en niños. Investigaciones recientes han demostrado algunos mecanismos por los cuales esta bacteria puede ocasionar cuadros de gastroenteritis tales como: la capacidad invasora de esta bacteria, presencia de genes cdt capaces de codificar para la toxina CDT y presencia de la Manganeso Súper Óxido Dismutasa, enzima que le permite sobrevivir intracelularmente.
La Propiedad indígena como derecho humano y la explotación de sus recursos forestales en Costa Rica
Authors: Quesada Soto Federico , Cornejo Venegas Elvis
Published: February 2020

Las poblaciones indígenas han disfrutado de su tierra desde siglos, pero la intromisión del “hombre blanco” significó un cambio en su cosmovisión y en sus posibilidades de subsistencia acorde con su cultura, la cual es muestra de respeto hacia los recursos naturales. El derecho indígena es un derecho humano, pero los Estados se han caracterizado por plasmarlos más en el papel y menos en la práctica, esto ha conllevado a elevar el conocimiento de sus transgresiones hasta la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. Costa Rica, carece de reconocimiento constitucional expreso del derecho indígena y la legislación que regula la explotación de sus recursos forestales es insuficiente y plasmada de muestras de la hegemonía estatal sobre los derechos indígenas.
Monitoring AI progress for corporate governance
Authors: Grove Hugh , Clouse Maclyn , Schaffner Laura , Xu Tracy
Published: February 2020

Artificial Intelligence technologies are predicted to contribute up to $16 trillion to the global economy by 2030. This rapid increase in AI development will have tremendous significance for all the major players for effective corporate governance and national leadership: boards of directors, owners, regulators, legislators, and the national public interest. While AI is believed to increase both the productivity and competitive advantage, it will lead to rapid transformation in the work force and evolve with a high degree of uncertainty. To facilitate the survival of public and other corporations and entities, all these major players should closely monitor the progress and pay attention to major trends in AI. The main research question of this paper is what are the key threats, challenges, and opportunities of AI. Major threats are the replacement of human activity with AI activity, which may not be able to be controlled by humans. Such control is a major challenge concerning AI as is the control and opportunity of human-AI partnerships. Digital dashboards and quantum computers are also part of all these challenges and opportunities. Accordingly, the paper studies the following AI topics currently being explored in the AI literature: key questions and issues for AI, monitoring trends in AI development, digital board audits for AI action plans, AI robotic process automation, and quantum computers with AI implications, AI progress assessment and conclusions.
Competencias TIC de los docentes de matemáticas en el marco del modelo TPACK
Authors: Arévalo-Duarte Mayra Alejandra , García-García Miguel Ángel , Hernández-Suárez César Augusto
Published: February 2020

The TPACK model intends to group the types of knowledge that teachers need to master in order to integrate ICT into the classroom appropriately. The article aimed to know the students' perception of the ICT competencies of mathematics teachers in the context of the TPACK framework. The study used the quantitative approach with a descriptive-comparative analysis, which allowed to assess the dimensions of knowledge according to the TPACK model. Regarding results, the description of relationships established according to the TPACK knowledge domains enable the comprehension of the level of competencies of the mathematics teacher concerning the integration of ICT in their educational practice. Emphasis was placed on the importance of technological knowledge and its articulation in the classroom within the process of teaching and learning mathematics.
Nota de Retractación
Authors: Nino-Munoz Diana
Published: February 2020

Retraction: Teaching cases as a pedagogical strategy in business programs. Arias, F., Betancourt, J., Garcés, L., Echeverri Gutiérrez, C., y Quirama, U. (Vol. 17 No. 33, 2017, pp. 243-256). doi: 10.22518/usergioa/jour/ccsh/2017.2/a14
Nota de retractación
Authors: Nino-Munoz Diana
Published: February 2020

Retractación de:  Factores asociados a actitudes sobre la sexualidad en la vejez en Medellín, Colombia. Ramos Caballero, E., y Melguizo Herrera, E. (Vol. 17 No. 33, 2017, pp. 267-276). doi: 10.22518/usergioa/jour/ccsh/2017.2/a16
Nota de retractación
Authors: Nino-Munoz Diana
Published: February 2020

Retractación de:  Análisis de las dificultades de los estudiantes angloparlantes con el aprendizaje del español en Jamaica. Perea Santos, L., y Valencia Mosquera, E. (Vol. 18 No. 34, 2018, pp. 189-200).  doi: 10.22518/usergioa/jour/ccsh/2018.1/a13
Nota de retractación
Authors: Nino-Munoz Diana
Published: February 2020

Retractación de:  La calidad de la democracia. Examen de sus fundamentos conceptuales a comienzos del siglo XXI. Rojas-Betancur, M., Bocanument-Arbeláez, M., Gallego-Quiceno, D., y Pineda-Carreño, M. (Vol. 18 No. 34, 2018, pp. 105-118). doi: 10.22518/usergioa/jour/ccsh/2018.1/a07
Nota de retractación
Authors: Nino-Munoz Diana
Published: February 2020

Retractación de:  Memorias sociojurídicas de Medellín y Antioquia. Análisis del relato «negro» como evidencia de fuente real del derecho. Bayer Yepes, L. (Vol. 18 No. 34, 2018, pp. 179-188). doi: 10.22518/usergioa/jour/ccsh/2018.1/a12
SCENARIUSZE ROZWOJU DEMOGRAFICZNEGO AFRYKI
Authors: Murkowski Radosław
Published: February 2020

W artykule oceniono – w świetle teorii przejścia demo­graficznego – możliwe warianty rozwoju demograficznego kontynentu afrykańskiego do 2100 roku według różnych scenariuszy opracowanych przez ekspertów ONZ. Dodatkowo ocenę zróżnicowania rozwoju demograficznego poszczególnych państw Afryki przeprowadzono przy użyciu aglomeracyjnej metody Warda według podstawowych cech demograficznych. Zwrócono uwagę, że większość państw Afryki charakteryzować się będzie względnie jednorodnym poziomem rozwoju demograficznego, który w najbliższych latach będzie można określić jako kontynuację fazy eksplozji demograficznej.
The Transcendental Paradigm Of The Development Of Legal Law
Authors: Absori Absori , Nugroho Sigit Sapto
Published: February 2020

Purpose of the study: This article aims to formulate (1) epistemology jurisprudence has the positivistic level, (2) jurisprudence epistemology has transcendental paradigm, and (3) epistemology of the development of prophetic jurisprudence. Methodology: This research uses library research by conducting research and data analysis and then they use it using knowledge, especially jurisprudence with transcendental values. Main Findings: The base of epistemological positivistic jurisprudence that is objective, empirical and rational which are supported by systematic, procedural and formal models result in its development has lost essential elements, namely spiritual values, so that modern society has a crisis in defining the meaning of life in the world. Applications of this study: The base of transcendental legal science understands people and their life in an intact form (holistic), not merely material nature but also their souls. The development of the prophetic law is intended as a guidance for human life to achieve happiness in the world and in the hereafter, because the prophetic law can not be fragmented between the physical body (formal) and transcendental values. Novelty/Originality of this study: The paradigm of the transcendental epistemology of legal science emphasizes in the integration approaches between sciences and values in various views
Transcendental Paradigm In Pancasila
Authors: Purnomosidi Arie
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: This article aims to elucidate how the transcendental paradigm in Pancasila. Methodology: The writing of this article used the doctrinal method by using philosophical and theoretical approaches. Finding: Indonesian law tends to be paradigmatic towards power. This condition caused a materialistic and atheistic way of law. Therefore, it has evoked a crisis in law. Supposedly, Pancasila is a legal basis that is based on the spirit of the nation (volkgeist) of Indonesia. Pancasila is a law that is under the characteristics of people in Indonesia, which are more monodualistic and pluralistic in nature. Therefore, Pancasila contains transcendental values, which are sourced from divine values in religious, ethical, and moral law. The transcendental paradigm in Pancasila can be observed from the opening of the 1945 Constitution, which states that the independence of the Indonesian state is due to the blessing of the Almighty God. The opening of the 1945 Constitution is a substantial agreement among the founders of the nation, which forms the basis of the state-building, and the embodiment of the nation's founders. Importance: It is expected that the transcendental paradigm elucidated in this article can be an alternative solution to overcome the Indonesian legal crisis that can mislead human civilization. Originality/novelty: Orientation of Transcendental paradigms in the principle of Pancasila can be the answer to Indonesia's legal problems that tend to be power-oriented. Keywords: Paradigm, Transcendental Law, Pancasila
Examining the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on Offshore CO2 in the Sub-Sahara
Authors: Ngonadi Josiah Chukwuma , Huaping Sun , Okere Joy , Oguegbu Chuks
Published: February 2020

This study examined the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the emission of CO2 in the Sub Saharan Africa. The literature focuses on foreign direct investments and C02 emission studies in various countries. Data was obtained for the World Bank database from 2004 to 2015, the general method of moment (GMM) model was used for estimating parameters with endogenous regressions in the panel data model to analyze our data. We found out that FDI has significantly influenced the emission of CO2 in the Sub Saharan Africa. The results demonstrated the heterogeneity of the effects of foreign direct investment on CO2 emissions, the impact of foreign direct investment on CO2 emissions is negative and significant. However, the general environmental impact of foreign direct investment is determined by indirect effects and appears to be positive. Moreover, natural resources endowment seemed not to play a key role in this relationship. Recommendations were given to ensure the usage of renewable energy by ensuring a sustainable economic growth.
Auditor Performance in Public Accounting Firm in Riau: The Moderating Effect of Emotional Quotient
Authors: Wiguna Meilda , Aswar Khoirul , Hariyani Eka
Published: February 2020

This study aims to examine the effect of role conflict, role ambiguity, self-efficacy, and spiritual quotient on auditor performance with emotional quotient as a moderating variable. The sample of this study was 45 auditors from 15 public accounting firms in Riau and Riau Islands. The analytical method in this study is multiple regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results showed that (1) Role Conflict negatively affected Auditor Performance (2) role ambiguity negatively affected auditor performance (3) self-efficacy had a positive effect on auditor performance (4) spiritual quotient had no effect on auditor performance (5) emotional quotient has moderates the relationship between role conflict, role ambiguity, self-efficacy, and spiritual quotient with auditor performance.
Analysis Of Factors Affecting the Value Of Manufacturing Industry Companies in the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX)
Authors: Renaldi Javindri Yoseph , Pinem Dahlia Br. , Permadhy Yul Tito
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this research is conducted to analyze factors the extent of influence (Liquidity - CR), (Leverage - DER), and (Dividend Policy - DPR) that can occur with (Firm Value - PBV). Manufacturing Industry Company was chosen because of fluctuations in stock prices that surged from the Composite Stock Price Index. The theory used is the signaling theory, trade-off theory, and dividend policy theory. The data used are secondary data with a sample collection method using purposive sampling. Where the research population is used is manufacturing industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) 2016-2018 observation period a number of 157 companies, with the final sample of this research obtained 34 selected companies that became the sample criteria. Data analysis techniques were performed using descriptive statistics and panel data regression analysis, with the help of the application E-views version 9.0 and Microsoft Excel 2013. The results of the research partially revealed that the variable (Leverage - DER) had an influence on (Firm Value - PBV) while the variable (Liquidity - CR) and (Dividend Policy - DPR) have no influence on Firm Value. And the independent variables affect the dependent variable by 16.64%.
A Prescriptive Analytical Logic Model Design for Software Application Error Analysis Using The Top-Down Design Approach
Authors: Wong Hoo Meng , Amalathas Sagaya Sabestinal
Published: February 2020

There are many causes would lead to the software application crashes or unstable stage. In the event that this circumstance happens, the software applications will never able to log error event correctly into their error log files. Hence, if the root cause analysis is solely depending on software application error log files, it is insufficient to identify the actual error accurately. This is the good opportunity and potential to introduce Prescriptive Analytical Logic Model (PAL) under the proposed methodology. In summary, the contributions of PAL under the proposed methodology are: (1) Literature review indicates that there is “future work” of Murínová, J (2015) in the log file analysis to enable better comparison and troubleshooting capabilities. This is a potential area where the log file analysis technique can be incorporated with AHP approach. (2) Since there is no published article showing that AHP had been applied to software application error analysis, and therefore the proposed research is to fill up the “knowledge gap” in this area.
Penerapan Video Media Interaktif untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Shield Metal Arc Welding
Authors: Yasri Randa Avito , Ambiyar Ambiyar , Mulianti Mulianti
Published: February 2020

This research explores the application of video as an interactive media, learning motivation of students and student learning outcomes. The purpose of this research for motivation and student learning outcomes. This type of research this is a class action Research (PTK), the population and the sample used at the class XI welding techniques as much as 29 students. The instruments used in the form of interactive media, video observation sheets and test of mastery. Data obtained from the motivation of learning i.e. the percentage and the results of the study are average. The learning motivation of students in cycle I meetings I was 50.86% criteria less motivated; the Icycle meeting II was 64.22% criteria sufficiently motivated; and in cycle II meeting was 73.71% criteria I motivated; cycle II II meeting was 84.48% criteria are very motivated. The results of a study on cycle I with an average of 70.24 and cycle II with an average of 84.37. The use of video as an interactive media can increase motivation and learning results Subjects Shield Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Welding Technique Class XI in SMK Negeri 1 Bukittinggi
Relevansi Kompetensi Mata Pelajaran Produktif dengan Kompetensi Industri Program Keahlian Teknik Kendaraan Ringan
Authors: Soepraptono Soepraptono , Jalinus Nizwardi , Rizal Fahmi
Published: February 2020

This research is included in the type of qualitative research. This study aims to determine the relevance of productive subject competencies with the industry competency of the Vocational Light Vehicle Engineering Skills program. Overall competencies learned by students in schools are in accordance with the syllabus contained in the light vehicle engineering expertise curriculum that teaches introductory theories for skills lessons, expected attitudes of discipline, responsibility, honesty and high work ethic. Competency of productive subjects of light vehicle engineering in schools is almost all needed in the industrial world. This can be seen from the average results of all competency categories of 89.67%. Infrastructure facilities must always be improved to always keep abreast of technology, so teachers always develop their abilities with training, training and internships in industry. In order to develop students' competencies Learning practices in schools are carried out using standard operating procedures.
MODELING OF DVSI WITH HYBRID ENERGY SYSTEM AND VOLTAGE OPTIMIZER ACTIVE POWER CONTROLLER
Authors: Pawar Monika , Kumar Santosh
Published: February 2020

Technological progress and environmental concerns drive the power system to a paradigm shift with more renewable energy sources integrated to the network by means of distributed generation (DG). These DG units with coordinated control of local generation and storage facilities form a micro grid. A voltage regulation and power flow control scheme for a wind energy system (WES) WITH solar system is proposed. The simulation result shows that the system with the proposed voltage optimizer active power control strategy proposed is better as compared to the basic phase locked loop control. Also the system was made efficient by integrating it with the wind system and making it a hybrid power source. On comparing the active power outputs from the system with phase locked loop control with proposed voltage optimizer active power control, it was found to be that the proposed system gives 4 MW output which is considerably more than the 0.5 MW output of the system with basic PLL control. Thus it can be drawn from this work that while designing an inverter control strategy the proposed voltage optimizer active power controller can serve the purpose with better results
REVIEW: Exposing the US nuclear test legacy in the Marshall Islands
Authors: Johnson Giff
Published: February 2020

The world's worst nuclear reactor accident occurred in late April 1986 at Chernobyl, in the Ukraine. Hundreds of thousands of people and millions of square miles of land were contaminated by radioactive fallout spewed from the reactor meltdown. But, in spite of great efforts by the government of the then Soviet Union to cover up and minimise the extent of this disaster, within days people and governments across Europe and, indeed, around the world were glued to their television sets or pouring over newspaper accounts of this unfolding tragedy.
caso da Cooperativa de Trabalho de Costureiras Unidas Venceremos
Authors: Souza Lucas Henrique de , Santos Luís Miguel Luzio dos , Rocha Jean Carlos Mendes da
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta relatos de uma experiência de Economia Solidária, o caso da Cooperativa de Costureiras Unidas Venceremos - Univens. Com a ascensão do neoliberalismo e o crescimento do desemprego, em 1996, um grupo de mulheres desempregadas de uma comunidade da cidade de Porto Alegre/RS, viram na formação da cooperativa uma oportunidade de trabalho, geração de renda e inclusão social. É comum em estudos de empreendimentos de corte coletivista, como o caso da Univens, especificamente ligado à Economia Solidária, um confronto entre o modelo organizacional desejado talhado numa perspectiva idealista e a realidade vivida nesses empreendimentos. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as principais aderências e distanciamentos da experiência da Univens em relação aos princípios que fundamentam a Economia Solidária. Utilizando-se de procedimentos metodológicos qualitativos, procuramos compreender o processo de organização e desenvolvimento da cooperativa diante de um contexto socioeconômico adverso. Para a realização da coleta de dados foram utilizados três instrumentos: a pesquisa documental, a entrevista semiestruturada e a observação direta. As análises foram realizadas a partir da triangulação dos instrumentos de coleta de dados e os dados ordenados em três categorias: desenvolvimento histórico, processos de gestão, desafios e problemas. Como resultados, identificamos que a Univens utiliza princípios do modelo de autogestão; que o processo produtivo é dividido em três etapas (corte, costura e serigrafia), demonstrando uma clara divisão do trabalho; e que as fragilidades da cooperativa são decorrentes da sazonalidade dos pedidos e da falta de capacitação das cooperadas e das potenciais cooperantes. Conclui-se que apesar da Univens não ter superado a lógica capitalista, é preciso considerar o potencial transformador de suas práticas como forma de resistência as organizações capitalistas.

Palavras-chave: Economia solidária. Cooperativismo. Empreendimentos solidários. Univens.
Experimental evaluation of tulathromycin as a treatment for Campylobacter jejuni abortion in pregnant ewes
Authors: Yaeger Michael J. , Wu Zuowei , Plummer Paul J. , Sahin Orhan , Ocal Melda Meral , Beyi Ashenafi F. , Xu Changyun , Zhang Qijing , Griffith Ronald W.
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the efficacy of tulathromycin for prevention of abortion in pregnant ewes when administered within 24 hours after experimental inoculation with Campylobacter jejuni.

ANIMALS

20 pregnant ewes between 72 and 92 days of gestation.

PROCEDURES

All ewes were inoculated with a field strain of C jejuni (8.5 × 108 to 10.6 × 108 CFUs, IV). Eighteen hours later, ewes received either tulathromycin (1.1 mL/45 kg [2.4 mg/kg], SC; n = 10) or sterile saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (1.1 mL/45 kg, SC; sham; 10). Ewes were euthanized immediately after observation of vaginal bleeding, abortion, or completion of a 21-day observation period. Necropsy was performed on all ewes, and tissue specimens were obtained for bacterial culture and histologic examination.

RESULTS

1 sham-treated ewe and 1 tulathromycin-treated ewe developed signs of severe endotoxemia and were euthanized within 24 hours after C jejuni inoculation. Seven sham-treated and 2 tulathromycin-treated ewes developed vaginal bleeding or aborted and were euthanized between 4 and 21 days after C jejuni inoculation. The proportion of tulathromycin-treated ewes that developed vaginal bleeding or aborted during the 21 days after C jejuni inoculation (2/9) was significantly less than that for the sham-treated ewes (7/9).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Results suggested that administration of tulathromycin to pregnant ewes following exposure to C jejuni was effective in decreasing the number of C jejuni–induced abortions. Because of concerns regarding the development of macrolide resistance among Campylobacter strains, prophylactic use of tulathromycin in sheep is not recommended.
Comparison of topically administered 0.05% difluprednate and 1% prednisolone acetate for inhibition of aqueocentesis-induced breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier in healthy dogs
Authors: Allbaugh Rachel A. , Wehrman Rita F. , Sebbag Lionel
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE

To compare the efficacy of 0.05% difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion and 1% prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension for controlling aqueocentesis-induced breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier in healthy dogs.

ANIMALS

34 healthy dogs.

PROCEDURES

Dogs were allocated to 5 groups (6 to 8 dogs/group) to receive 0.05% difluprednate, 1% prednisolone acetate, or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control treatment) in both eyes 2 or 4 times daily. Eye drops were administered topically for 5 consecutive days. Anterior chamber paracentesis (aqueocentesis) was performed in 1 eye on the third day. Automated fluorophotometry was performed immediately before and 20 minutes and 24 and 48 hours after aqueocentesis. Relative fluorescence (RF), defined as fluorescence of the eye that had undergone aqueocentesis divided by fluorescence of the contralateral eye, was calculated to help control for variation among dogs.

RESULTS

Mean RF was significantly lower at 24 hours after aqueocentesis in dogs treated twice daily with 0.05% difluprednate or 4 times daily with 1% prednisolone acetate than in dogs receiving the control treatment. At 48 hours after aqueocentesis, mean RF was significantly lower in dogs treated 4 times daily with 1% prednisolone acetate than in control dogs. Mean RF differed over time in dogs treated 4 times daily with 0.05% difluprednate but did not differ over time for any of the other treatments.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

All 4 treatments were effective for reducing aqueocentesis-induced anterior uveitis in healthy dogs regardless of the drug or frequency of administration. Topical ophthalmic administration of 0.05% difluprednate may be a viable treatment option for dogs with anterior uveitis and warrants further study.