bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1905 – Are Psychiatrists And Neurologists Different In The Treatment Of Dementia?
Authors: Roberto A. , Guarda C.
Published: July 2013

Introduction and objectives

Dementia is a health problem that needs a careful diagnosis and treatment. The authors investigated the prescription habits of neurologists and psychiatrists in patients with dementia and analyzed the differences.

Methodology

An online questionnaire was sent to Portuguese psychiatrists and neurologists about the initial diagnosis and treatment in dementia.

Results

103 questionnaires were validated (46% psychiatrists). The Cholinesterase Inhibitors (IChE) were the most subscribed substances in both specialties, followed by memantine by neurologists (82%) and antipsychotics by psychiatrists (86%). The least prescribed drugs are benzodiazepines (7% : neurologists; 24%: psychiatrists) and nootropic drugs (8% in both). The combination of IChEs is more used by psychiatrists than neurologists, but the combination with memantine is similar in both. The majority does not associate nootropics (80%), but in those who do 77% are psychiatrists. In the treatment of depressive symptoms the majority uses Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors (79%). In sleep disorders 46% prescribe antidepressant and 31% antipsychotics. In the initial evaluation 94% of physicians request CT scan and blood work. Neuropsychological assessment is requested by 65% of psychiatrists and 44% of neurologists.

Discussion/conclusion

In our sample the diagnostic and therapeutic approach in dementia is in accordance to the international guidelines. In some cases the initial investigation to exclude treatable dementias is not requested, which points to the importance to the professionals’ sensibilization. It is also interesting to discuss the differences of prescription between the two specialties, namely nootropics, benzodiazepines, antipsychotics and the association of two IChE.
1910 – Alcohol Related Disorders In a Psychiatric Unit In a Famous Wine-growing Area Of Romania. a 10 Years Retrospective Study
Authors: Sarpe M. , Prelipceanu D. , Ladea M.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Alcohol is the third leading risk factor for Europeans disease and mortality. Romania has one of the biggest alcohol consumption per capita. The county of Vrancea comprises around 100.000 people, and is a well known wine grapegrowing region.

Objectives/aims

The assessment of patients with psychiatric disorders related to alcohol consumption hospitalized in the Psychiatric Department of the Hospital of Vrancea, over a 10 year period.

Methods

Patients with psychiatric disorders related to alcohol consumption hospitalized between 2002 and 2011 were analyzed in terms of socio-demographic variables: primary diagnosis at discharge, gender, age, residence, average number of hospitalization days. We used the computerized system of the hospital to evaluate those variables. For the primary diagnosis we have used the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).

Results

Of 13.738 patients hospitalized over the study period (10 years), 3.376 (24.57%) were admitted for psychiatric disorder related to alcohol consumption (compared to schizophrenia - 18.19%). The most frequent disorders were: alcohol induced withdrawal (F10.3) - about one third; alcohol induced delirium tremens (F10.4) - around 20% and alcohol induced acute intoxication (F10.0) - around 20%. The majority of the patients were men (87.02%) and most of them were from the rural area. The average number of hospitalization days was around 5.5. Most of the patients were between 35 and 45 years old.

Conclusions

The greater percentage of alcohol induced disorders in our psychiatric unit indicates that we have to increase our efforts to reduce the harmful use of alcoholl, its health and social consequences.
1932 – Pharmacotherapy Of Borderline Personality Disorder During The Time
Authors: Grambal A. , Grambalová Z. , Praško J.P.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

In patients suffering from borderline personality disorder (BPD) primarily psychotherapeutic care is indicated. Pharmacotherapy is considered as adjuvant and often controversial way of treatment.

Objectives

Demonstration of pharmacological approach to BPD patients in Olomouc Czech Republic and compare with treatment guidelines. treatment guidelines.

Aims

The aim of our study was to compare treatment of BPD patients in 2007 and 2011

Method

The paper examines the state in 2007 and 2011 in BPD patients at the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital. Our study included outpatients and inpatients treated in all departments. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis BPD. Medication was assessed according to the documentation at discharge or during outpatient care according to the transcript record.

Results

In most cases are BPD patients treated according to current guidelines. The treatment consists of SSRI antidepressants, anticonvulsants and second-generation of antipsychotics. Problem can be considered in some cases with medication dosage, combination, administration of benzodiazepine anxiolytics, hypnotics.

Conclusion

BPD patients are treated according to current recommendations. Inpatients are more medicated than outpatients. The reason is probably in relation with the severity of the symptoms. Medication did not differ from the majority of best practices. But with a lack of strong evidence about its effect, it seems appropriate to move towards its reduction. Supported by the project IGA MZ CR NT 11047-4/2010
1938 – Actuality Of The Kretschmer's Sensitive Delusion Of Reference In The Dsm v Era: Two Case Reports
Authors: Widakowich C. , Van Wettere L. , Hubain P. , Snacken J.
Published: July 2013

The sensitive delusion of reference has been coined by Kretschmer in 1919. This delusion reaction comports three levels:

1)

the sensitive character that is defined as shy, hyperemotives and sensitives subjects that are marked by a high sense of moral values, pride, a relational hyperesthesia resulting a high vulnerability in social contacts, and a tendency to self-criticism to internalize painfully failures and susceptibility.

2)

A traumatic event that reveals the subject its own failure and who humiliates him on the plan ethics.

3)

It follows then the delusion of reference itself with: depressive remorse with hypochondriac fears and thoughts of persecution on conversations of a great banality of everyday life.

It settled in adults (usually after 35 years), ‘old singles’, or ‘young masturbators’. It is generally complicated with severe depressive episodes. Evolution is less often chronic than in the other paranoias, however, even after a favorable development, the signs are likely to reappear on the occasion of a new disappointment.

The French Psychiatry school individualizes this syndrome within non-dissociative chronic delusions, among the paranoid delusions, hallucinatory chronic psychosis and paraphrenia. In DSM-IV, the sensitive delusion of reference is classified under delusional disorder category with all not dissociative chronic delusions. In the current conceptual reduction, we illustrate this fine entity by two clinical vignettes.
1946 – Profile Of Care At a Medical School Emergency Department In 2001 And 2011 Related To Drugs Use And Abuse - Marilia/ Sp Brazil
Authors: Sartori N.R. , Jesus A.R. , Oshiiwa M. , Mansano N.D.S. , Ramos A.C.R. , Tegana C. , Cardoso M.F. , Hiromoto E.E.S. , Neves Barbosa R.W. , Servilha R.M.
Published: July 2013

There is a significant increase in the use of multiple drugs. The use and abuse is a current and alarming phenomenon. The use of this substance is a challenge to public health.

Objectives

To describe the epidemiology and clinical care of the emergency department by use of licit and illicit drugs in 2001 and 2011. Compare if there was a change in profile over the past 10 years.

Methodology

Epidemiological descriptive study. We analyzed 1982 medical records in 2001 and 2465 in 2011. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee.

Results

Regarding sex, remained unchanged; the male is responsible for most of the medical care. Regarding age, there was no change over the last ten years, being individuals between 20-39 years old the highest rate of attendance. As the etiologic profile, there has been a change over the last 10 years. In 2001 the diagnosis of ICD-10-F10 (Mental and behavioral disorders due to use of alcohol) was predominant. In 2011 the ICD-10 and ICD-10-F19 (mental disorder and behavior due to multiple drug use and use of other psychoactive substances). As for the number of attendances, in 2001 there was a large concentration in the first quarter, while in 2011 it was better distributed throughout the year. There was an increase in the number of visits in 2011 compared to 2001.

Conclusion

We believe educational and preventive actions are necessary to minimize the increase in drug use. It is also necessary to have measures to reduce damage.
1959 – Neuregulin-1 Gene Polymorphism With Respect To Cognitive Functioning In Schizophrenia
Authors: Frydecka D. , Beszlej A. , Czerski P.M. , Kapelski P. , Karabon L. , Kiejna A. , Misiak B. , Pawlak-Adamska E. , Zagdanska M. , Hauser J.
Published: July 2013

Background

Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) may be an important factor in pathogenesis of schizophrenia due to its role in neurodevelopmental processes: myelination, neurotransmitter receptor expression and synaptic plasticity. NRG1 has been also implied to play role in cognitive impairments, which are considered to be endophenotypes of schizophrenia, i.e. subclinical, heritable and independent of clinical state traits associated with genetic susceptibility. Surprisingly, a recent meta-analysis (Dickinson, 2007) demonstrated that reliable and easy to administer Digit Symbol Coding Task (DSCT) discriminate people with schizophrenia from comparison individuals better than the more widely studied neuropsychological instruments.

Purpose

The study was carried out to investigate the association of a polymorphisms of the NRG1 gene (rs62510682) and schizophrenia with respect to performance on DSCT.

Material and methods

We included 103 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 criteria and 578 controls in our study. The patients were evaluated for lifetime psychotic symptomatology using the Operational Criteria for Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT) checklist. DSCT was administered to 80 patients.

Results

The polymorphisms were in HWE both in the cases’ and controls’ groups. In single marker analysis, we did not find an association for the SNP tested. However; we have found that T allel carriers (TT and/or GT genotype) performed worse than G allel carriers (p=0.4) suggesting weaker cognitive processing efficiency.

Conclusion

Our data do not support the role of the NRG1 gene polymorphism (rs62510682) in the predisposition to schizophrenia; however, the studied SNP might be considered to be a risk factor for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.
1967 – Rapid Tranquillisation For Agitation And Aggression: Characteristics And Monitoring Of Intramuscular Use In a General Adult Acute Inpatient Population
Authors: Talukdar R. , Lekka N.P.
Published: July 2013

Aims

Intramuscular (IM) medication may be considered as part of an appropriate plan to treat safely patients who are at immediate risk of violence. We aimed to assess the characteristics and monitoring of IM medication use in an inpatient population, in the context of the Sheffield Rapid Tranquillisation (RT) protocol, based on the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines.

Method

The population studied included 639 discharges from four acute inpatient wards in Sheffield, U.K., from April 2011 to April 2012. Thirty patients who had been administered IM RT were identified. Demographics, Mental Health Act (MHA) status, diagnosis, non-pharmacological interventions and monitoring procedures were recorded.

Results

Patients were female on 20(66.7%), White British on 14(46.7%), and under the MHA on 29(96.7%) occasions respectively. Diagnoses most frequently recorded were Schizophrenia 7(23.3%), Bipolar Disorder-Mania 7(23.3%) and Acute and Transient Psychosis 5(16.7%). Verbal de-escalation was used on 8(26.7%), oral medication was repetitively offered on 23(76.7%), a doctor was contacted on 14(46.7%), and the patient was restrained on 22(73.3%) and secluded on 13(43.3%) occasions respectively. Physical observations (blood pressure, pulse, temperature, oxygen saturation, level of consciousness and respiratory rate) were monitored and recorded on 13(43.3%) cases only, and only 3(10%) and 6(20%) had a pre-treatment and post-treatment ECG respectively.

Conclusions

IM RT was used on a small percentage of general adult inpatients, almost all detained, mainly with Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder-Mania and Acute & Transient Psychosis. Better implementation of the monitoring protocol is needed to improve the quality of care of acutely disturbed patients.
1970 – The Role Of Physical Training In Management Of Endocrine Modulation, Depresion And Sexual Function In Elderly Men
Authors: Revnic F.G. , Prada G.I.I. , Pena C.M. , Prada S.P. , Revnic C.R.S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

With rapidly grouwning geriatric population and with the improvement in quality of life, sexuality is becaming an increasingly aspect of aging.

Objective

Investigation of of the role of physical training program of moderate intensity on amelioration of depression and sexual function in elderly men. Our study has been done on 42 patients aged 60-82years old.: 21 active (groupA) and 21 sedentary (group B) admited in Rehabilitation Clinique for different osteo-articular and postraumatic pathologies.Standard physical exercise program (F.Revnic, N.Teleki GERIATRIA, vol.XIV, nr.1 2002) has been applied for 24 weeks. hTSH,T3,T4,HGH,Testosteron and Cortisol have been evaluated before and after training with1234 DELFIA Research Spectrofluorimeter using Eu+ labbeled kits purchased from Pharmacia.The results have been processed with a Multicalc program.

Results

70% patients from group A were euthyroid, HGH,Testosteron and Cortisol were in normal range, with a positive atitude towards sexual life. 56% sedentary patients of group B presented hTSH values >6I.U/ml corresponding to hypothyroidism with elevated levels of Cortisol and low levels of HGH and Testosteron. They exhibited anxiety with the following symptoms: irritability, exagerated fear for the future, tiredness, difficulty in communication, sleep disorders and a negative atitude towards sex. After training, a decrease in Cortisol and an increase in Testosteron and HGH in group B has been recorded with a positive consequence upon affectivity (interest in sex). Physical training with its multiple aspects (cognitive, mental and socio-afective) had a great impact upon reorganisation of hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid-adrenal-gonadal axis in elderly men connected with changes in many effector hormones secretion with a positive impact upon emotional well being, mental health and an increase in desire for sexual life.
1977 – The Fatigue Impact Scale For Daily Use In Patients With Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Pettersen K.M. , Morais-de-Jesus M. , Daltro-Oliveira R. , Dias A. , Miranda-Scippa A. , Quarantini L.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Fatigue is an important clinical finding in Hepatitis Virus Chronic Infection. However, the absence of scales to measure fatigue, translated and validated for Brazilian Portuguese, prevents access to information essential to clarify specific clinical conditions in this population.

Objective/aims

To determine the psychometric properties of the Fatigue Impact Scale for Daily Use (D-FIS), in Brazilian Portuguese, in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronic infection.

Method

In this cross-sectional study, the authors evaluated the D-FIS in 101 outpatients, followed at the reference hospital.

Results

Relevant psychometric D-FIS results were: floor effect proved to be 1%; skewness was 0.46; item homogeneity was 0.59 and SEM (SD = 8.51) was 2.4. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.920 and item-total correlation yielded coefficients ranging from 0.65 (item 1) to 0.85 (item 3). In a linear regression model, fatigue and depression influenced the self-report quality of life.

Conclusion

This study concludes that the Fatigue Scale for Daily use in Brazilian Portuguese can be considered as a useful tool to verify the presence of fatigue in patients with hepatitis viruses B and C.
1981 – Psychogenic Excoriations: a Case Report
Authors: Carvalho J. , Freitas D. , Silva L. , Morgado P. , Azenha S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Psychogenic excoriations are also called neurotic excoriations, dermatillomania or skin picking syndrome. Psychogenic excoriations are lesions caused by scratching, picking, lancing, rubbing or squeezing, usually, in areas that patient can easily reach (face, upper back and upper and lower extremities). They are initiated because an urge to excoriate an irregularity of the skin or by a disturbing sensation in the skin. The classic lesions are characterized by clean, linear erosions, scabs and scars that can be hypopigmented or hyperpigmented and are usually similar in size and shape. Association with psychiatric comorbidities are common, particularly mood and anxiety disorders. It is estimated to occur in 2% of dermatology clinic patients and is associated with functional impairment, medical complications (e.g. infection) or substantial distress. Psychotropic medications (e.g. SSRIs) and appropriate counseling can be effective treatments.

Objectives/aims

The purpose of the poster is to highlight the existence and characteristics of psychogenic excoriations. A

condition that can be chronic, causes significant impairment and is believed to be common but unreported.

Methods

Here we report the case of a 27 year-old woman, with a 10 years history of self-inflicted excoriations, associated to high anxiety levels, treated with an SSRI with good response.

Conclusions/results

Although it does not appear as a diagnostic category in DSM- IV, psycogenic excoriations is indeed a treatable condition that, isolated or associated with psychiatric comorbidity can cause marked distress, impairment and psychological suffering.
1985 – Mental Heath Service Evaluation In Poland - Development Of Methodology
Authors: Cialkowska-Kuzminska M. , Kasprzak M. , Kiejna A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

The past decades has shed new light on the key factors affected mental health service in different country. There is huge need to evaluate mental health service in Poland, but until now we have not any algorithm concerning this matter.

Objectives

To develop a methodology for the assessment and review of the mental health service in Poland.

Aims

To identify the key factors for quality of mental health services, to test the unique methodology to evaluation of Polish mental health service, to develop the specific recommendations.

Methods

The research includes: I phase - identification of key factors for quality in mental health services, II phase - testing the methodology, III phase - development of recommendations and dissemination.

Three-steps analysis of key factors which have a strong impact on quality of mental health services:

1)

literature review of relevant analysis, research and policy,

2)

Delphi exercise with national experts,

3)

external experts consultations.

The phase II covers piloting and testing the evaluation methodology.

Development of recommendations is based on research findings and experts consultations.

Results

The main result of quality and quantity analyses constitutes a set of key factors for quality of mental health service in Poland. The project is supposed to change the paradigm at Polish evaluation strategy in area of mental health service.

Conclusions

In the light of Polish National Mental Health Program (established in Dec 2010) the results may have a great impact on reforms in Polish mental health service.
1988 – Looking After Anorexia Nervosa: An Inovative Way Of Caring
Authors: Dor-Nedonsel E. , Battista M. , Serpa-Rouede A. , Chanson P.-Y. , Askenazy F.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Conventional treatment programs of anorexia nervosa are successful in the restoration of body weight; however, recidivism is common and the rate of relapse is high. For twenty years, The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department of the University of Nice used to offer a standard treatment based on psychotherapy for both in/out-patients suffering from anorexia nervosa.

Objective

Progressively, we have developed an innovative pattern of care based on the psychopathologic hypothesis of troubles in early integration of perceptive functions. This way of caring constitute a form of therapy to fight anorectic symptoms by the re-appropriation of feelings and the affective reminders linked to them.

Methods

We have created 4 therapeutic workshops. Three of them use sensorial stimuli: olfactory, tactile-kinesthetic and auditory. The fourth one is a discussion group. We propose all adolescents to try these workshops in addition to the normal care program.

Results

We note two principal effects of this innovative way of caring: the reduction of the number and the duration of hospitalizations and the improvement of therapeutic alliance.

Conclusion

The scientific assessment of the impact of this sensory way of caring on the BMI, on the therapeutic alliance and on the hedonic faculties over 2 years is being. And the results should objectify our clinical findings.The use of sensory pathways and their relationship to memory traces and emotions helps the lifting of denial, the sagging of cleavages and reduces pain following the necessary weight regain in the institutional treatment of adolescent anorexia nervosa.
1990 – Mental Health And Work Of Professionals Of The Family Health Strategy In a City Of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Andrade-Nascimento M. , Barbosa G.B. , Correia A.K.S. , Mota-Oliveira L.M. , Martins D.F. , Nascimento Sobrinho C.L.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Few studies have reported the complexity of the tasks performed by professionals of the Family Health Strategy in Brazil.

Objectives/aims

Describe the sociodemographics, work conditions, minor psychiatric disorders (MPD) and CAGE positivity of physicians, nurses and dentists employed by the FHS in Feira de Santana (Bahia, Brazil).

Methods

Cross-sectional, epidemiological study using standard questionnaires (SRQ-20 and CAGE) to collect anonymous information on the sociodemographics profile, work conditions, mental health and alcohol consumption of physicians, nurses and dentists working for the FHS. The data were analyzed with SPSS software.

Results

The overall prevalence of MPD was 16.0% (physicians=17.4%, nurses=15.5%, dentists=15.2%). The prevalence of alcoholism was 5.0% among physicians and 7.7% among dentists. The features “female gender”, “young adult”, “married”, “affiliated with a cooperative”, “long work week” and “more than one job” predominated in the sample.

Conclusions

The prevalence of MPD and CAGE positivity was smaller in our sample than in other, similar studies.
1991 – Burnout Syndrome In Nurses Specialists Rehabilitation
Authors: Albuquerque C. , Martins R. , Alves V. , Cruz C.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Currently, studies taking into account the incidence of burnout in Nurses Rehabilitation Specialists (NRS) are scarce, a fact which reinforces the need for further investigations in order to be able to understand the real impact of this syndrome in this professional category. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of burnout in NSR and determine whether there is any relationship between the different domains of burnout and sociodemographic aspects, and psychosocial work.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional, quantitative and analytical, which was attended by 117 NSR carrying out functions in various health institutions Portuguese's, aged between 27 and 57 years. To measure the variables used the following instruments: Scale MBI-GS, General Labor Satisfaction Scale, Scale My Health Locus of Control Scale and Levenson's Global Self-Esteem Scale for adults.

Results

With regard to levels of burnout in NSR conclude that men have higher rates in the dimensions “physical and emotional exhaustion” and “cynicism” compared to women with an average ranking of 11,89 vs 11,57 and 9,56 vs 9,48, respectively; the dimension “professional effectiveness” are women who are more prone to burnout, with an average ranking of 31,20 vs 30,11. The data reveal that there are significant influences of variable working “time professional in the art.” Are obtained also for any significant influences of the psychosocial variables: locus control and self-esteem.

Conclusion

The evidence found in this study invite us to prepare and reflect on new strategies of intervention training and information aimed at promoting labor welfare of these subjects.
1999 – Continuation (C-ECT) And Maintenance (m-ect) Electroconvulsive Therapy As An Alternative Treatment To Pharmacotherapy: a Review
Authors: Verdura E.J. , Marín M. , Ballesteros D. , Ramos I. , Sanz-Fuentenebro J.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

ECT has demonstrated to be an effective and safe biological treatment that can be considered as an alternative to pharmacotherapy, especially for treating severe, resistant and recurrent, affective, psychotic and catatonic symptoms. CECT refers to the one that is started after acute treatment and lasts for a maximum period of 6 months with the objective of preventing relapse. M-ECT is the one that is started once C-ECT has ended with the aim of preventing recurrences. The aim of this study was to explore the evidence for using C-ECT and M-ECT as an alternative to pharmacotherapy.

Methods

We performed a search in MEDLINE, PubMed and Cochrane, from 1950 until the present to identify articles in which C-ECT and M-ECT were used as alternative treatments to pharmacotherapy.

Results

C-ECT and M-ECT have demonstrated to be an effective and safe alternative to pharmacotherapy in Unipolar Depression, Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia, especially in the prevention of relapse and recurrences. It reduces number and days of hospitalization. In combination with pharmacotherapy, it increases effectiveness of pharmacological treatment. It does not affect cognitive functioning.

Conclusions

C-ECT and M-ECT should be considered as an alternative to pharmacotherapy in the treatment of affective and psychotic, severe, resistant and recurrent symptoms. It is an effective and safe treatment, which prevents relapse and recurrences in severe mental illness, reducing hospitalization rates and health costs.
2008 – Agenesis Of Corpus Callosum And Psychosis - Review And Case Description
Authors: Pinheiro J.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Agenesis of the corpus callosum is a congenital anomaly consisting of a failure in the development of the transverse fibers of white matter that connect the two cerebral hemispheres. It may be partial or complete and is often associated with learning disabilities and epilepsy. More recently, a link was established between agenesis of the corpus callosum and several neuropsychiatric disorders, including psychotic phenomena.

Methods

Case report and literature review using PUBMED.

Results and conclusion

The authors describe the case of a 43 year old patient with no previous psychiatric history that presented with behavioral problems and persecutory delusions. CT scan and MRI showed partial agenesis of the corpus callosum. Neuropsychological investigation revealed mild mental retardation. EEG was normal. The literature review allowed the authors to conclude that, although there are only a few cases reported, there is an established connection between agenesis of the corpus callosum and the onset of psychotic symptoms. This connection can be explained by the fact that corpus callosum is an important structure not only in allowing communication but also in regulating the activity established between the two hemispheres. In this case, a regulation loss could predispose to psychosis.
2011 – Determinants Of Disruptive Behavior In Portuguese Adolescents
Authors: Albuquerque C. , Norberto C. , Campos S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Studies of adolescents in the field of school disruption and its determinants are still scarce, which reinforces the need for further investigations. In this assumption, the present study's main objective was to know the effect of context variables sociodemographic, family, school and in the different domains of psychosocial school disruption.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional quantitative study, which was attended by 94 students of Secondary Education Portuguese, mostly women (59.57%) with a mean age of 17:19 years. To measure the variables used the following instruments: Family Apgar Scale, Scale School Climate, Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale and Scale Disruption professed by School Students.

Results

Regarding the effect of context variables on sociodemographic school disruption, we found that age and socioeconomic level do not get statistical significance. Variable sex exerts a significant effect, specifically on the factor 2 - “aggression colleagues” and factor 3 “school authority aggression,” where are the adolescent males to produce higher scores. The data reveal that there are also significant influences of family functionality in all factors of school disruption (p < 0.05). With regard will influence school climate, we infer that, generally, with statistical significance, the better the school climate, school less disruption manifested by adolescents. In the area of influence of self-concept, we found that there are statistically significant correlations on some dimensions of school disruption.

Conclusion

The evidence found in this study invite us to prepare and reflect on new strategies that allow obtaining a better understanding, multidimensional adolescent inserted in middle school.
2012 – Patients’ Experiences Of Medication For Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Igoumenou A.
Published: July 2013

Background to the study

Anxiety disorders are abnormal states in which the most noticeable features are mental and physical symptoms of anxiety. They are of the most common psychiatric disorders in the general population with the lifetime prevalence approaching a 21%.

The evidence based medicine lacks research on patients’ experience of medication for psychiatric disorders, especially of medication for anxiety disorders.

This research involves patients referred to secondary care because of their anxiety symptoms and diagnosed as suffering with anxiety disorders.

Aims

To illuminate the subjective experiences of patients diagnosed with anxiety disorders and their experience of taking medication. Therefore qualitative methodology was appropriate.

Participants

All the potential participants in two Mental Health Trusts in the UK were informed about the research from their consultant psychiatrist or care coordinator if different, and provided with an information sheet. In depth interviews were used to explore patients experiences and phenomenological approach to analyse the data.

Findings

The patients we interviewed presented with a range of anxiety disorders. There were participants that suffered from generalized anxiety disorder, others with panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, agoraphobia or social phobia. Furthermore, the pharmacological treatment they were receiving varied. The overall treatment varied as treatment with medication was combined with any talking therapy or other support.

In this presentation we share some of our patients’ feelings and thoughts about living with an anxiety disorder, their attitudes about the chosen treatment, their subjective perceptions about their medication and their perceptions around the effectiveness of such a treatment.
2039 – Multidimensional Scaling Analysis Of The Association Of Snps Related 5-htr2a Signal Pathway And The Phenotype Characteristics Of Major Depression In Chinese Han
Authors: Yang K. , Li H.
Published: July 2013

Objective

Our aim was to explore the possible association between four SNPs related with 5-HTR2A signal pathways and phenotype characteristics of major depressive disorder (MDD) in Chinese Han.

Methods

194 patients with recurrent major depressive episodes were from Chinese Han origin. 4 SNPs were detected with LDR (ligase detection reaction). The multidimensional scaling analysis was use for testing the association between different genotypes of four SNPs (5-HTR2A rs6311, Gβ3 rs5443, ADCY9 rs2230739 and PDE1A rs1549870 related with 5-HT2A signal pathway) and phenotype characteristic of MDD.

Results

The multidimensional scaling illustrated: rs6311CC, rs5443CC and rs1549870GG with the certainly-existed fundamental symptom 2 were in the same zone; rs6311CC and accessory symptoms 7, and rs6311CC and depressive episode with psychotic symptoms and repeated episodes are in the same zone. The results showed rs6311CC had a close correlation with depressive symptoms.

Conclusions

It is concluded that rs6311 may be the functional point of the 5-HT2A gene in MDD; It is presumed that different genotypes of rs5443 and rs2230739 can modulate the second message signal pathways in MDD.
2075 – Prevalence Of Mental Disorders Among Prisoners In The State Of são Paulo - Brazil
Authors: Andreoli S.B. , Santos M.M. , Quintana M.I. , Ribeiro W.S. , Blay S.L. , Taborda J.G.V. , Mari J.J.
Published: July 2013

Epidemiological studies conducted with prisoners in several countries have shown a high prevalence of mental disorders.

Objective

To determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the prison population in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods

Through stratified random sampling, 1,192 men and 617 women prisoners were evaluated for the presence of psychiatric disorders by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, 2.1 version, according to definitions and criteria of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). The prevalence estimates of mental disorders and their respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated and adjusted for sample design through complex sample analysis.

Results

Lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates differed between genders. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of any mental disorder was, respectively, 68.9% and 39.2% among women, and 56.1% and 22.1% among men. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of anxious-phobic disorders was, respectively, 50% and 27.7% among women and 35.3% and 13.6% among men, of affective disorders was 40% and 21% among women and 20.8% and 9.9% among men, and of drug-related disorders was 25.2% and 1.6% among women and 26.5% and 1.3% among men. For severe mental disorders (psychotic, bipolar disorders, and severe depression), the lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates were, respectively, 25.8% and 14.7% among women, and 12.3% and 6.3% among men.

Conclusions

This study, which was performed with a representative prison population, showed high rates of psychiatric disorders among men and women. Epidemiological studies on mental health needs of prisoners are crucial for planning and development of appropriate health care programs for specific prison populations.
2095 – The Portuguese Frost Mutidimensional Perfectionism Scale And Mood States In Portuguese College Students
Authors: Amaral A.P. , Soares M.J. , Pereira A.T. , Bos S.C. , Marques M. , Valente J. , Nogueira V. , Macedo A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Perfectionism has been a topic of increased interest in recent years. Findings from the literature have shown that perfectionism is associated in the development and maintenance of a wide range of psychopathological conditions.

Objectives/aims

1)

to analyze the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS);

2)

to explore the associations between perfectionism dimensions and positive/negative affectivity.

Methods

217 students from two Portuguese Universities filled in the FMPS and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). A subgroup (n=166) completed a retest of the FMPS with a four weeks interval.

Results

Scale reliability was good (Cronbach alpha = .857). Corrected item-total correlations ranged from .019 and .548, and were higher than .2 for most of the items. Test-retest reliability suggested a good temporal stability for FMPS total score (r=.765). A principal component analysis with Varimax rotation was performed and based on Scree plot, two robust factorial structures were suggested (four and six factors). The more maladaptive dimensions of perfectionism were significantly and positively associated with negative affect and negatively associated with positive affect. Depression and anxiety/hostility dimensions are both positively associated with concern over mistakes (respectively, r=.338, r=.360, p< .01), parental criticism (respectively, r=.180, r=.254, p< .01) and doubts about actions (respectively, r=.312, r=.189, p< .01). An unexpected result was the positive association with personal standards dimension (respectively, r=.178, p< .05; r=.204, p< .01).

Conclusions

The Portuguese version of FMPS showed good reliability and internal consistency. The perfectionism personality trait is associated with mood states.
2110 – Changes In Intellect Of War Veterans With Developed Ptsd
Authors: Pavlović S. , Hasanović M. , Kravić-Prelić N.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

The previous neuropsychological studies have pointed to a significant understanding of the neurobiological correlates of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder with deficits in the functions of the intellect.

Aim

To establish the existence of intellectual changes in war veterans with developed PTSD and their relationship to PTSD.

Methods

War veterans are divided into two groups: Group A, war veterans with PTSD and “B” groups, veterans without PTSD. Were used:

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Wechsler's Adult Intelligence Scale (WB-F2)

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Trauma Questionnaire (UT-PTSD)

Questionnaire-socio-biographical data promjena u intelektualnom funkcionisanju.

Results

The severity of stress and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder is directly associated with the intellectual functions. War veterans, who had more severe traumatic experience, with a strong and destructive PTSD compared to veterans without PTSD had significantly lower ratio of general, verbal and non-verbal intelligence quotient of mental efficiency, a high level of mental deterioration with significantly pronounced oscillations in intratest and insidetest variability. Veterans with PTSD showed significantly lower scores in the immediate memory capacity, efficient attention, concentration under conditions of mental activity, visual perceptual skills predicted exactly bit of trivial things, of associative elasticity of thinking and short-term learning abilities.

Conclusions

These results suggest that deficits in the intellect, are not primarily the result of low intelligence, of premorbid states, but it occurs under the devastating impact of PTSD, which influencing changes in certain centers in the brain and changes in intellectual functioning.
2113 – Self-esteem And Person-centered Therapy: a Pilot Study With Older Adults
Authors: von Humboldt S. , Leal I.
Published: July 2013

Objectives

A higher SE is suggested by a reduced difference between ideal and real self. The present pilot study was designed to investigate if a brief eight-session individual person-centered therapy (PCT) intervention on older adults can promote their self-esteem (SE), as compared with a control group (waiting list). We hypothesized that participants randomized to PCT would report improvements in SE from pre- to post-intervention compared tocontrol group.

Method

We recruited 81 persons aged between 65-82 years (M=71.9 SD=4.77) and randomized 40 to PCT and 41 to control group. Measures were completed, including demographics and the Self-esteem Scale (SES) at the baseline, post-treatment and at the 12-month follow-up.

Results

Findings indicated that individual PCT with older adults may improve their SE. The difference between ideal self and real self, evidenced at follow-up (M=1.251, SD=.524) by the participants who had undergone PCT, was significantly lower (41.3%) in comparison to the baseline score (M=2.131, SD=.799). Significant differences between the intervention group and the control group were found in the post- intervention (F(1) = 34.939, p < 0.01) and follow-up (F(1) = 34.595, p < 0.01). During these three assessments there were no significant differences in the waiting list participants. In addition, results revealed no significant between group differences in any socio-demographic variable (P's>.05) in t1, t2 and t3.

Conclusions

Results suggest that PCT is beneficial for improving SE. Clinical practice and health care context may benefit from including PCT as an important component for reducing health disparities and for aging well.
2120 – Feasibility Of The Use Of The Screen For Cognitive Impairment In Psychiatry (scip) In a Clinical Population With Adult Attention Deficit Disorder
Authors: Tourjman S.V. , Djouini A. , Baruch P. , Beaulieu S. , Bergeron R. , Chanut F. , Daigneault A. , Li L. , Purdon S. , Renaud S. , Villeneuve É.C.
Published: July 2013

Cognitive impairment is central to many psychiatric conditions and is a determinant factor of functioning. The evaluation of cognition is time-consuming and recourse to it limited by cost, accessibility of expertise, and, in the case of computerized batteries, equipment. The SCIP is a 15 minute paper and pencil evaluation of cognitive function which can be integrated into clinical practice. It is thus a tool which can assist in determining which patients require a more extensive evaluation and can inform the elaboration of a personalized treatment plan. Our group (Groupe Comorbidité psychiatrique et Dimensions) has validated a french translation of the SCIP and is testing the acceptability of its integration into clinical practice in selected clinical populations. We will present preliminary data regarding the use of the SCIP in adult attention deficit disorder. Forty adult patients with attention deficit disorder were invited to participate in the study. In order to maintain a sample representative of clinical practice the only exclusion criteria were inability to speak french and inability to give informed consent. Demographic characteristics were collected, and a multiaxial DSM-IV diagnosis determined by the treating physician, SCIP was administered. The time to administer the SCIP was recorded, and a qualitative questionnaire of patient impressions was completed. We will present preliminary results of this study.
2121 – Diffusion Tensor Imaging In Non-resistant Unipolar Major Depression: Preliminary Results
Authors: Tourjman S.V. , Luck D. , Mendrek A. , Kouassi É.
Published: July 2013

Major depression is a prevalent condition which typically has a chronic and relapsing course. It is frequently accompanied by changes in brain structure and function, as well as hormonal and inflammatory markers. The relationship of these markers to response remains elusive. A growing literature documents white matter alterations in the right frontal lobe, right fusiform gyrus, left frontal lobe and right occipital lobe as revealed by lower fractional anisotropy in patients with major depression relative to healthy controls. In this pilot study we propose to explore the relationship between white matter integrity in non-resistant major depression and response to treatment. Subjects with unipolar major depression were included. Prior to initiating treatment magnetic resonance imagery was obtained. Cognitive function was evaluated with a computerized neuropsychological battery, and a blood sample for the determination of inflammatory markers was drawn. All subjects are treated with desvenlafaxine 50mg die. A possible option to increase the dose to 100mg die was available at 8 weeks. At 16 weeks the initial evaluation was repeated. We will present preliminary imaging results from the first ten patients. The data from this study may contribute to the incremental increase in evidence clarifying the neuroimmunohormonal factors characterizing depression and response to treatment.
2132 – Clinical And Neuropsychological Predictors Of Global Functioning In Paranoid Schizophrenia
Authors: García-Cabeza I. , Vicente I. , Sánchez Ayuso M.J. , Laorden A. , De Portugal E.
Published: July 2013

Introduction

Schizophrenia is a worldwide public health problem that exacts enormous personal and economic costs. Schizophrenic patients often have difficulties to care by themselves and need from family and community support, including invalidity benefits.

Objective and aim

Determine clinical and neuropsychological factors which predict global functioning and incapacity in paranoid schizophrenia.

Methods

40 paranoid schizophrenic outpatients (DSM-IV TR) were evaluated. Global functioning and incapacity was assessed with the DAS (Disability Assessment Schedule). Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a questionnaire including: age, gender, years of education and premorbid IQ (National Adult Reading Test), illness onset and triggers, admissions, adherence (Compliance Rating Scale), pharmacological treatment and drug abuse. In addition, psychopathology was assessed with PANSS, depressive symptoms’ with the Beck Inventory, insight with SUMD and cognitive functioning with a wide neuropsychological battery of tests which assessed attention, executive functions, verbal and working memory and social cognition.

T-tests and chi-square analyses were used to explore binary or categorical variables and Pearson correlation coefficient for quantitative scales. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to predict DAS.

Results

DAS was correlated to positive (χ2 = .415; p = .008) and negative symptoms’ (χ2 = .530; p = .000), insight (χ2 = .519; p = .000) and executive functioning (χ2 = -.335; p = .035).The multiple regression analysis revealed that insight and negative symptoms’ predicted disability (R2 = .417).

Conclusions

Psychological and psychosocial interventions that increase insight and improve negative symptoms’ should be included in a comprehensive treatment of schizophrenia to prevent disability. Future research on antipsychotics should be addressed to improve negative symptoms’.
2137 – Adaptive Behavior Of Family In Schizophrenia
Authors: Gutkevich E. , Semke A. , Dmitrieva E.G.
Published: July 2013

Schizophrenia is a chronic disease resulting in disability, disturbance of adaptation in patient and his/her family.

Objective

Analysis of characteristics of adaptation based on authors’ many-level model of family functioning.

Materials and methods

Identification of quality of life of mental health care users, FACES-3, scales of prognosis of compliance in psychiatry (Lutova N. B. et al., 2007) and MARS. We have examined 152 schizophrenic patients (ICD-10 F2.0) and 38 their relatives.

Results

Quality of life of patients and relatives is affected; family are characterized by schizophrenic patients as a whole as balanced and middle-balanced in 82,35% of cases, as imbalanced - in 17,65%. Relatives of patients define families as balanced in 27,3%, as middle-balanced - in 54,5%, as imbalanced - in 18,2%. There are more middle-balanced families according to rating of probands and lesser balanced than relatives’ ratings. Imbalanced families are found almost with equal frequency. During the first hospitalization the insight of necessity of maintenance therapy, in opinion of patients, was found only in 27,6%; there was insight but they did not adhere recommendations of the doctor - 49,0%; there was not insight regarding meaning of doctor's prescription and they did not adhere doctor's recommendations - 23,4%. In the first year after the first hospitalization to psychiatric institution 55,0% persons have been re-hospitalized, out of them with non-compliance - 42,0%.

Conclusion

Traits of adaptive behavior of families in schizophrenia have been revealed.