bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of internal control in green credit: Influential factors in Vietnam's commercial banking sector
Authors: Nguyen Tan Huu , Nguyen Binh Van , Nguyen Thuong Thu , Luu Duc Huu
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the effectiveness of internal controls governing green credit operations in Vietnamese commercial banks.  We employ regression analysis to identify key factors influencing control effectiveness.  Six key areas emerge: Risk Management, Macroeconomic Factors, Monitoring Activities, Group Benefits, Work Motivation, and Information and Communication.  Independent sample T-tests and one-way ANOVA tests reveal significant variations in control effectiveness based on employee age groups and positions within the banks.  Further analysis categorizes these factors into strong and weak impact groups based on their Beta coefficients. Risk Management and Macroeconomic Factors emerge as strong influencers, highlighting the critical role of robust risk management practices and favorable economic conditions.  Conversely, Monitoring Activities, Group Benefits, Information and Communication, and Work Motivation have weaker but still notable impacts, suggesting areas for improvement in internal supervisory practices, communication systems, and employee motivation strategies.  The findings underscore the critical role of risk management and macroeconomic factors while highlighting opportunities for enhancing supervisory practices, internal communication, and employee motivation within Vietnamese commercial banks.
Implementing lean six sigma in developing operational strategies for industrial companies in Jordan
Authors: Al-Edwan Hanan , Al-Edwan Mohamad
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study was to assess the consequences of Lean Six Sigma implementation on the development of operational strategies in Jordanian industrial companies, as perceived by senior management and different divisions. To achieve these objectives, an analytical descriptive approach was used to gather data from 42 industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. This approach was used to measure the impact of Lean Six Sigma implementation on the development of operational strategies in these companies, utilizing the appropriate measurement methods., with the distribution of (350) The researcher retrieved (320) questionnaire, and Found that there were (15) invalid questionnaire for the analysis of distributed Questionnaires, where the final number of questionnaires (305), To address the research questions and verify its hypotheses, We utilized suitable statistical tools with SPSS software. The study yielded several important results, the most notable being a significant statistical impact of Lean Six Sigma implementation on the development of operational strategies in industrial companies. The study suggested various initiatives, notably emphasizing the importance for senior management in Jordanian industrial companies to explore Six Sigma support for implementation, along with regular training sessions for staff on quality improvement methods.
The relevance and effectiveness of risk management systems to ensure the quality of education in the field of Soft Skills
Authors: Vakulova Iryna , Steshyts Iryna , Nykyforov Sergiy , Kryvoruchko Oksana , Moroz Volodymyr
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to systematically review the effectiveness of risk management systems for ensuring the quality of education in the field of Soft Skills. The study used the PRISMA methodological approach, which contributed to ensuring transparency in conducting systematic reviews. This system was used to search, select and analyze scientific papers. In the results it is shown that risk management systems (ERM, ISO 31000, COSO ERM Framework and PMBOK) have great potential to improve the quality of the educational process and the effectiveness of soft skills development in students. Besides, these systems provide a wide-ranging approach to risk management. They also integrate it into all components of the organization. All of them have individual advantages and opportunities for integration into the modern innovative learning space. The conclusions indicate that the process of implementing effective risk management in the education system is important for ensuring high quality education and successful development of students. The risk management system allows not only to minimize potential problems, but also to increase the efficiency of management and ensure the stable development of educational programs.
The role of entrepreneurial initiatives in the architecture of post-war infrastructure recovery in Ukraine
Authors: Petrunenko Iaroslav , Ustymenko Volodymyr , Dzhabrailov Ruslan , Vozniakovska Kristina , Sieriebriak Stanislav
Published: January 2025

The ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine has destroyed much of the Ukrainian infrastructure. Post war period focuses on the restoration of the infrastructure as a hope to avoid the economic hardship for the public. The government’s dedication to reviving the economy and infrastructure requires the intervention of the public sphere through the neoliberal approach. This approach requires the services of entrepreneurs to achieve the desire goals. The competition factor and the inclusive strategy to take all the key stakeholders on board is the primary concern of the neo-liberal approach. This paper underpins the intricate play between entrepreneurial initiative and the restoration of the infrastructure though the regional cooperation. Despite the opportunities provided by the war for the drastic changes in business, the negative impact of the war is more concerned about the aftershocks of such a crucial destruction. This paper aims to investigate entrepreneurs' role in restoring the infrastructure in the war-ravaged areas of Ukraine. The qualitative method serves the purpose of investigating through the analytical approach. Entrepreneurial initiatives have contributed heavily to restoration through economic uplift, innovative steps, and domestic integration. It presents business as a resilient tool to bear the aftershocks of unwelcomed. Fostering the innovation and the international supports could reduce the burden on the government and promote the competition to achieve the desired results for reconstruction.
Enhancing road construction management in Peru through virtual design and construction integration
Authors: Zavala Gerber , Chacón Michael , Flores Victor Andre Ariza
Published: January 2025

This study examines the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) with Project Production Management (PPM) and Integrated Concurrent Engineering (ICE) under the Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) framework to address chronic inefficiencies in road infrastructure projects in Peru. Focusing on a 93 km road project in Puno, the research demonstrates that the combined VDC approach leads to significant improvements in project management. Key findings include a 25% reduction in project delays and a 15% decrease in overall project costs compared to traditional management methods. The implementation of VDC also resulted in a 90% reduction in design conflicts and a 95% improvement in the resolution of construction observations. Production metrics were established, showing that BIM scope fulfillment reached 100%, and key stakeholders' attendance at ICE sessions exceeded 85%, ensuring effective interdisciplinary coordination. The study highlights the critical role of coordinated BIM, PPM, and ICE processes in mitigating risks and enhancing project delivery in Peru. These results show that adopting the VDC framework can lead to substantial efficiency gains in future road infrastructure projects. Recommendations include the establishment of continuous training programs and the creation of robust digital infrastructures to support the widespread adoption of VDC in the Peruvian construction sector.
Simulation of the energy model of a rural house located in a cold climate using an in-situ monitoring system
Authors: Ascanio-Villabona Javier , Castillo-Leon N. Y. , Osorio Nicolas Orejarena , Tarazona-Romero Brayan Eduardo , Jaimes-Quintero K. T.
Published: January 2025

The energy simulation of buildings is presented as a tool to analyze the comfort, consumption and energy efficiency of buildings, however, the discrepancy between simulated models and real data has been a constant, for this reason, energy model calibrations are performed to increase the reliability of the predictions of the simulation. This research carried out the simulation and calibration of the energy model of a rural house, located in a cold climate at more than 3000 meters above sea level, the study was developed in three phases, starting with the monitoring of climatological variables, followed by the energy modeling and finally, the calibration of the model is achieved by applying the iterative and scatter plot methods, allowing the selection of a model where a sequence of linear data was observed, with a strong relationship of more than 80% accuracy between the monitored data and the simulated energy model.
Optimal strategies for attracting private investment in energy efficiency projects at the household level
Authors: Prokopenko Olha , Kovalenko Yevhen , Lytvynenko Svitlana , Kovshun Nataliia , Kravtsev Oleksii
Published: January 2025

In order to create a thriving clean energy industry, it is necessary to increase the number of households involved in energy efficiency. In addition, favorable conditions should be created to attract investment in innovation to create new energy-saving technologies. This also means expanding the use of existing environmentally friendly energy solutions, such as solar or wind energy development, which is particularly relevant for Ukraine, given the extensive damage to energy infrastructure caused by the fighting. When the cost-effectiveness of measures and guarantees of return on investment are insufficient for private investors or when measures that only indirectly contribute to energy efficiency are involved, financial support from the state is required, which should also be considered when developing approaches to ensuring the establishment of an effective system for investing in energy efficiency projects. Given the relevance of the topic under study, its goal is to identify the best ways to attract private investment in energy efficiency projects at the household level. To achieve this goal, the following tasks should be solved: to conduct a statistical analysis of the energy sector in Ukraine, to identify opportunities for financing energy efficiency projects in the residential sector, and to formulate recommendations for attracting resources to implement energy efficiency projects by households. The methodological basis of the study is statistical analysis and general scientific research methods. The study proves that co-financing, already being implemented in Ukraine under specific projects described in the paper, can become one of the main directions for developing energy efficiency projects. The strategies for supporting investment projects and raising funds to finance energy efficiency projects are also detailed and systematized. Possibilities of co-financing from various sources for projects in the main areas of energy saving are described in detail, which may be helpful primarily for households focused on implementing energy efficiency projects, either in terms of renewable energy production or improving the energy efficiency class of premises.
Mobile technologies as a tool to support inclusive learning in higher education institutions
Authors: Nechyporenko Valentyna , Nikolenko Liudmyla , Nichuhovska Lilia , Omelchenko Maryna , Bondarenko Zoia
Published: January 2025

The use of digital technologies in modern educational environments is an urgent requirement. This article aims to study mobile technologies as an effective mechanism for supporting and developing inclusive learning in higher education institutions. To achieve this goal, the article employs methods of scientific content analysis of literature and comparison, which allow for identifying the positive aspects of integrating mobile technologies into inclusive education and the difficulties that exist on this path. The study results indicate a need to utilize both traditional and specialized technologies in the modern higher education landscape. The analysis reveals that traditional technologies supporting inclusion primarily include applications for organizing learning, mobile communication technologies, and applications for creating specialized learning content, including multimedia and virtual technologies for individuals with special educational needs. Among the specialized tools for supporting inclusive learning are apps that enhance vision and hearing. This category also includes mobile applications that support lectures through various subtitle options. The study found that such mobile technologies improve knowledge acquisition and enhance the efficiency of the learning process. It concludes that these applications contribute to greater student integration, reduce social isolation, develop social skills, and increase self-confidence.
Auranofin-loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for Neuroprotection against Aluminium-induced Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kushwaha Shiv Kumar , Ashawat Mahendra Singh , Arora Rimpi , Baldi Ashish
Published: January 2025

Aim:

The aim of the current study was to explore nano-formulation for effective neuroprotection by
auranofin.

Background:

Currently, the treatment options for various CNS disorders, particularly neurodegenerative disorders,
are greatly constrained. A significant obstacle in this pursuit is the blood-brain barrier, a shielding covering
that hinders the route of numerous biochemical treatments into the brain. To overcome this problem, nanoformulation-
based approaches are gaining interest, increasing the compound's BBB penetrability.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether nanoparticles fabricated from poly(lactic-co-glycolic
acid) encapsulated with auranofin could oppose aluminium chloride-induced Alzheimer's disease

Method:

Auranofin-encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles were prepared, and their particle size, Entrapment Efficiency
(EE), distribution of particles, morphological surface charge, and structural characteristics were characterized.
During the in vivo study, rats were orally administered AlCl3 at 100 mg/kg for 21 days. Meanwhile, auranofin
and auranofin nanoparticles were orally administered at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg and 2.5 and 5 mg/kg,
respectively, within 2 weeks. After the course therapy, the rats were decapitated, and the hippocampus was collected
for the estimated biochemical and neuroinflammatory markers.

Results:

The auranofin nanoparticles were characterized, revealing % entrapment efficiency (98%) and % loading
dose (76%). The nanoparticles exhibited a morphological surface charge of 27.5 ± 5.10 mV, a polydispersity
index of 0.438 ± 0.12, and a mean particle size of 101.5 ± 10.3 nm. In the in vivo study, administering a
gold compound (auranofin) and formulation (auranofin nanoparticles) resulted in a significant improvement in
cognitive deficits, changes in biochemical parameters, and markers of neuroinflammation triggered with aluminium
chloride.

Conclusion:

The results have suggested that auranofin nanoparticles demonstrate abilities to protect neurons
compared to auranofin alone. The noticed therapeutic benefits of the auranofin-encapsulated PLGA nanoparticles
can be attributed to modulation in particle size with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory impacts of auranofin.
Consequently, the outcome of the research has revealed that gold compound nanoparticles hold the potential
to be a promising option for altering the therapeutic course of Alzheimer's disease.
Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of the Methanolic Extract and Fractions of Datura stramonium in Paracetamol-intoxicated Rabbits
Authors: Attaullah Mohammad , Ul Haq Hussain , Khan Abdullah , Ahmad Bashir , Alhegaili Alaa , Hamayun Muhammad , Ali Sajid
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Datura stramonium (DS) possesses strong medicinal and therapeutic potential but
has been rarely evaluated in this context.

Methods:

The present study was intended to evaluate the antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective
potential of the crude methanolic leaf extract and ethyl acetate, chloroform, n-hexane, and aqueous fractions
of DS in paracetamol-intoxicated rabbits. Paracetamol (2 g/Kg BW) was applied to induce liver and kidney
injury in rabbits while the methanolic extract and fractions of DS were applied in the dose range of 150
mg/Kg to 300 mg/Kg body weight for 21 days. Histopathology of the liver, and kidney and analysis of ALT
(Alanine Transaminase), ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase), total bilirubin, serum urea, serum creatinine, and serum
uric acid were carried out. In-vitro antioxidant potential of the extract and fractions of DS was carried out
through DPPH (1,1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging assays.

Results:

The hepatoprotective and nephroprotective potential of the extract and fractions of DS at the dose
level of 300 mg/Kg BW was highly significant (P ˂ 0.01). ALT was found elevated in the paracetamol-treated
group (117.3 ± 1.61 U/L) compared to the group treated with methanolic extract of DS, (57.3 ± 0.87 U/L) and
normal control group (60.6 ± 1.58 U/L) at 300 mg/kg BW. Elevated levels of ALP (120 ± 1.58 U/L) and Bilirubin
(1.6 ± 0.32 mg/dl) were found in the paracetamol-treated group compared with the group treated with
methanolic extract of DS (67.5 ± 1.35 U/L; 0.2 ± 1.0 mg/dl) and normal control group (70.1 ± 1.53 U/L; 0.4 ±
0.16 mg/dl) respectively at 300 mg/kg BW. The methanolic extract of DS produced a marked scavenging activity
of the DPPH free radicals (88.2 ± 0.006 %) followed by the fractions of DS compared to ascorbic acid
(95.5 + 0.003 %) at a concentration of 1000 μg/ml. The effects were comparable to those produced by ascorbic
acid. Liver and kidney histology of the rabbits treated with extract, fractions, and ascorbic acid of DS
caused reductions in the pathological features compared to the paracetamol-treated animals. The histological
observations and chemical pathological alterations demonstrated the significant hepatoprotective and nephroprotective
benefits of the DS extract and its fractions.

Conclusion:

It has been concluded that the methanolic extract and fractions of DS possess antioxidant, hepatoprotective,
and nephroprotective properties in paracetamol-intoxicated rabbits.

conclusion:

It has been concluded that the methanolic extract and fractions of DS possess strong antioxi-dant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective potential
in paracetamol-intoxicated rabbits.
Biotechnological Perspectives on the Therapeutic Potential of Phenylpropanoid Cinnamaldehyde in Inflammatory Diseases: Signaling Pathways
Authors: Oliveira Sousa Ian Jhemes , Nogueira Kerolayne De Melo , Oliveira Rita de Cássia Meneses
Published: January 2025

The traditional use of plants of the Cinnamomum genus dates back to traditional
Eastern medicine for millennia and they have also been used in Western integrative medicine
practices, especially for their anti-inflammatory activity. In the context of chemical diversity,
the absolute majority of species in this genus have cinnamaldehyde as the majority component,
which in turn holds the title of the active ingredient, whose biological effect profile has
already been demonstrated in numerous experiments in acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.
In this context, the objective of this research was to investigate how cinnamaldehyde
can influence inflammatory phenomena. To this end, the data search was carried out in Pub-
Med, SciELO, and LILACS databases using the following descriptors: "cinnamaldehyde OR
cinnamaldehyde" and "inflammation". Next, the methodological quality of the selected articles
was checked, excluding repeated studies, which were purely in silico and not relevant to the
construction of this research. The findings showed cinnamaldehyde to modulate the inflammatory
response by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators and important signaling trajectories,
including NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, TGF-β/Smads, and the NRF2/ARE antioxidant
pathway. Cinnamaldehyde's scope of investigation also involves aspects of translational science,
exhibiting therapeutic effects in human models, which suggests that it may have clinical
relevance. The data support that cinnamaldehyde is a promising candidate for development as
a treatment in inflammatory pathologies.
Association between Sputum Culture Conversion and Body Mass
Index among Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Punjab,
Pakistan: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Akhtar Abdul Majeed , Khan Iqra Hamid , Shah Fatima Iftikhar , Kanwal Shamsa , Majeed Sufia , Ullah Najeeb , Shehzadi Somia , Ullah Asmat
Published: January 2025

Background:

The global challenge of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis
(MDR-TB) presents a substantial public health concern, requiring extended and
complex treatment regimens. Understanding the factors impacting treatment results,
particularly sputum culture conversion and Body Mass Index (BMI), is crucial. This
retrospective cohort investigation conducted in Punjab, Pakistan, sought to explore the
correlation between BMI and sputum culture conversion in individuals diagnosed with
MDR-TB.

Material and Methodology:

Data from 2663 confirmed MDR-TB patients across
multiple Programmatic Management of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis PMDT sites in
Punjab, Pakistan, were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic and clinical
characteristics, BMI, comorbidities, previous TB treatments, and drug resistance were
evaluated. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to assess the
association between time to sputum culture conversion and patient characteristics

Results:

The study compared MDR-TB treatment outcomes based on BMI categories
(≥18.5 vs. <18.5 Kg/m^2). It involved 1626 employed patients, with a mean age of 33 ±
15 years, displaying baseline body weights averaging 48±7 kg (normal weight) and
37±6 kg (underweight). On average, sputum culture conversion occurred at four
months, with approximately 37% achieving conversion within this period. Among
several factors studied, the univariate analysis identified BMI <18.5 Kg/m^2, prior firstline drug treatment, and comorbidities as significantly associated with failure to achieve
sputum culture conversion within 6 months. In multivariate analysis, the inability to
achieve conversion was notably linked to BMI <18.5 Kg/m^2, previous first-line drug
treatment, and resistance to fluoroquinolone drugs

Conclusion:

This study provided valuable insights into sputum culture conversion,
BMI, and drug resistance among MDR-TB patients. While around half of the patients
achieved sputum culture conversion within six months, factors, such as comorbidities,
previous TB treatment, and drug resistance, significantly influenced treatment
outcomes
Mechanism of Ginkgo biloba Extract in the Treatment of Tinnitus Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Huang Qiao , Hou Tao , Ren Yi , Liao Xingwei , Du Kejiang , Yin Shihua
Published: January 2025

Objective:

This study aimed to examine the active constituents and therapeutic targets of
Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) through a network pharmacology methodology to elucidate the mechanisms
underlying the efficacy of GBE in treating tinnitus.

Methods:

The active constituents and potential targets of GBE were identified via the Traditional
Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database, while tinnitus-related targets were
sourced from the GeneCards database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) data relevant to tinnitus were
retrieved from the STRING database. Subsequently, an active constituent-target network was constructed,
and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
(KEGG) pathway analyses were conducted using Cytoscape 3.7.1.

Results:

The analysis identified 27 active constituents and 73 potential therapeutic targets of GBE
relevant to tinnitus treatment. A total of 418 GO terms were identified, including 408 biological processes,
4 cellular components, and 6 molecular functions, which were associated with processes,
such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis.
Additionally, 116 KEGG pathways were identified, including pathways involved in cancer, the
AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, human cytomegalovirus infection, and
apoptosis, among others.

Conclusion:

The treatment of tinnitus with GBE may target several potential therapeutic candidates,
including MYC, TNF, AKT1, CXCL8, CASP3, IL6, TP53, VEGFA, PTGS2, EGFR, EGF, JUN,
ESR1, MMP9, CCND1, and MAPK1. This approach may involve various mechanisms, such as antiinflammatory,
antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic pathways. Network pharmacology provides a robust
framework for further investigation into the pharmacological targets and molecular mechanisms
through which GBE may exert its effects in the context of tinnitus.
Promising Anticancer Activity of Pyrazole Compounds against Glioblastoma Multiforme: Their Synthesis, In vitro, and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Nalcı Kemal Alp , Mete Cihat , Demir Zeynep , Bildirici İshak , Cetin Adnan
Published: January 2025

Background:

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive and prevalent brain
cancer with a higher incidence in males, has limited treatment success due to drug resistance, inadequate
targeting and penetration of cancer cells, and an incomplete understanding of its molecular
pathways. GBM is a highly aggressive brain cancer with limited treatment options. This study investigates
the anticancer potential of synthesized pyrazole compounds against GBM cells.

Methods:

A series of pyrazole derivatives were synthesized and tested for their efficacy against
GBM using MTT assays. Molecular docking studies were conducted to explore the binding interactions
of these compounds with GBM receptors.

Results:

Compounds 3 and 5 demonstrated significant anticancer activity, reducing cell viability
more effectively than the control group. MTT assay results confirmed their potency. Molecular
docking studies revealed strong binding interactions with GBM receptors, highlighting their potential
as anticancer agents.

Conclusion:

The study evaluated the anticancer activity of synthesized compounds on human
GBM cells, with compounds 3 and 5 showing the most promising results. Pyrazole 3 significantly
reduced cell viability at high concentrations, while both pyrazoles 3 and 5 required higher doses to
achieve substantial effects, as indicated by their IC50 values. Molecular docking studies confirmed
strong binding interactions with the GBM receptor, and the pharmacokinetic properties suggest
their potential as anticancer agents. These results highlight compounds 3 and 5 as candidates for
further investigation.
Insights into Thymoquinone: A Comprehensive Review of its Neuroprotective Effects in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity
Authors: Segmani Ibtihal , Banid Afaf , Ghicha Ikram , Rahmoune Imane , Filali Houda
Published: January 2025

Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is a common side effect experienced by cancer
patients, leading principally to cognitive impairment or chemofog (CICI) and peripheral neuropathy
(CIPN). In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the investigation and exploration
of the nutritional values, health benefits, and biological actions of natural products and their
bioactive compounds. Thymoquinone (TQ), a bioactive compound extracted from Nigella sativa,
has attracted considerable interest due to its neuroprotective activities. This review comprehensively
analyzes TQ’s mechanisms in reducing chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity, primarily by
regulating oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and apoptosis. Furthermore, this review discusses
the synergistic effects of TQ when used in combination with certain anticancer drugs, enhancing
both neuroprotection and overall treatment outcomes. While substantial preclinical data
support TQ’s effectiveness in mitigating acute neurotoxicity, its impact on chronic neurotoxicity
remains insufficiently studied. Thus, further preclinical investigations are imperative to evaluate
TQ’s potential in addressing chemotherapy-induced chronic neurotoxicity.
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of TROP2 Gene Silencing in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yakoub Fatma , Hassan Hanem , Mamdouh Samah , Aboushousha Tarek , B. Rashidi Fatma , El- Desouky Mohamed A.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Trophoblast Cell Surface Antigen 2 (Trop2) is a transmembrane
glycoprotein that has been implicated in the progression and metastasis of various
cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeting Trop2 expression may
represent a promising approach for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Objectives:

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Trop2 knockdown using small
interfering RNA (siRNA) on the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of the HepG2
liver cancer cell line.

Methods:

HepG2 cells were transfected with different concentrations of Trop2-targeting
siRNA (3 nM, 5 nM, and 7 nM) at various time intervals (6, 24, and 48 hrs). The expression
of Trop2 was assessed by real-time PCR before and after transfection. The impact of
Trop2 knockdown on cell apoptosis, migration, morphology, histopathological features,
wound-healing assays, and microscopic analysis was examined. Additionally, the expression
of the TPM1 gene was evaluated using immunohistochemical analysis.

Results:

Trop2 mRNA level was significantly decreased in HepG2 cells in a time- and
concentration-dependent manner following siRNA transfection. The downregulation of
Trop2 resulted in a marked increase in apoptosis, a reduction in cell migration, and alterations
in cell morphology and histopathological characteristics. Furthermore, the expression
of the TPM1 gene was found to be upregulated in Trop2-knockdown HepG2 cells.

Conclusion:

These results highlight the potential of Trop2 as a therapeutic target for the
management of hepatocellular carcinoma.
A Mini-review on Oncolytic Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV): From Highly Contagious Virus to a Biological Tool for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Najmuddin Syed Umar Faruq Syed , Kamarudin Ammar Akram , Latif Atikah Abdul , Faiz Norrrahim Mohd Nor , Pungut Nur Amira Solehah
Published: January 2025

Newcastle disease virus is a highly contagious viral infection affecting a plethora of avian species with distinct levels of susceptibility. It exerts a significant economic impact in certain countries due to its pathogenic nature, causing high mortality and morbidity rates. It is well characterized that the Newcastle disease virus is among the avian paramyxovirus serotypes, which could be easily disseminated through contaminated feed, water, and others. In view of its capability to thrive in extreme conditions, the exploration of Newcastle disease virus, as an oncolytic agent, has been gaining interest over the last few years. It is widely utilized as a vector in vaccine development for both humans and animals. The versatility in transcription, low deoxyribonucleic acid phase during replication, as well as low recombinant frequency makes Newcastle disease virus a major reason in the development of cancer vaccines. This review highlights the current understanding of its biology, associated with advanced molecular biology tools as oncolytic agents. Given that Newcastle disease virus is still in the early stage of clinical trials as oncolytic agents, deeper exploration of preclinical studies is necessary to ensure its safety and efficacy.
Morphological, Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Soils under Three Geological Formations in some Parts of Ogun State, Nigeria, and their Agricultural Potentials
Authors: Ajayi Grace Atinuke , Adekiya Aruna Olasekan , Oyegoke Clara , Ajiboye Godwin Anjorin , Ejue Wutem Sunny
Published: January 2025

Background:

Understanding soil characteristics is crucial for optimizing soil health, agricultural productivity, and implementing effective soil management practices.

Objective:

The objectives of this study were to characterize the morphological, physical and chemical properties of the soils, developed on three different geological formations.

Methods:

The study was conducted in the three geological formations, viz; Basement complex rocks, Coastal Plain Sand and Ewekoro Formation. Soil samples were collected from the pedogenic horizons of each profile pit and replicated into well-labeled polyethylene bags. The profile pits were described morphologically and soil samples were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties.

Results:

The results indicated that there were no significant physical constraints hindering agricultural activities in the studied areas. Based on the mean values across geological formations, the soils exhibited favorable pH levels, total nitrogen content, soil organic matter, and exchangeable cations, all of which were conducive to crop production. However, the availability of phosphorus was found to be inadequate. Furthermore, the chemical properties of the soils were ranked in the order of basement complex > coastal plain sand > Ewekoro formation, and upper slope > middle slope > lower slope.

Conclusion:

The soils require fertilizers that are deficient in nitrogen and potassium but rich in phosphorus, to optimize crop growth and productivity. To sustain soil fertility, a comprehensive soil management approach is recommended, which includes the incorporation of both organic and inorganic amendments. Effective practices for managing organic residue and promoting cropping systems such as crop rotation and intercropping, especially involving legumes, are essential. These strategies can help maintain soil fertility over time. Additionally, regular soil tests for fertility evaluation are crucial and should be conducted every two years, particularly after continuous cropping.
Evaluation of Oil Quantities in Oleaginous Filamentous Fungi in UAE Wetlands: Potential Precursors of Next-Generation Biofuel
Authors: Merheb Maxime , Matar Rachel , Soleimani Milad , Marton John , Al Zouabi Hussain , Abou Youssef Kamel , Hodeify Rawad , Vazhappilly Cijo George
Published: January 2025

Background:

Several studies have suggested that the next-generation biofuels could be produced from the lipids stored by oleaginous fungi. In these microorganisms, lipids are stored as triglycerides (biofuel precursors) converted to fatty acid mono alkyl esters. Fungal growth is very fast and is not impacted by seasonal, climate, and space variations as opposed to plants and animals. Fungi from mangrove ecosystems have not significantly been studied for oil production despite being the second largest group of marine fungi.

Methods:

In the present study, we have analyzed soil samples from mangrove wetlands in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), for the presence of oleaginous fungal species. We have further characterized the isolated fungi through visual identification and assessed their oil content by gravimetric analysis. In addition, lipid accumulation was examined under fluorescent microscopy.

Results:

A. flavus was estimated to accumulate 25.21% (w/w) while A. niger accumulated 24.34% (w/w) of their dried biomass as lipids.

Conclusion:

The percentages of oil content of the filamentous fungi, A. flavus, and A. niger indicate that these microorganisms are promising sources of next-generation biofuels.
In vitro Antifungal Activity of Streptomyces Spp. against Different Barley Pathogenic Fungi
Authors: Akeed Yasser , Arabi Mohamad Imad aldine , Albatarni Amer , Aljahjah Mohammed , Bakri Yasser
Published: January 2025

Background:

Microorganisms and their biological products have been used as a biological control against many pathogenic. Streptomyces spp. are one of the microorganisms that can be deployed in the field as biological control of plant pathogenic fungi as an alternative to chemical pesticides.

Objective:

In this study, one hundred twenty-four isolates of Streptomyces spp. from Syrian soils were in vitro screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of various barley pathogenic fungi: Cochliobolus sativus, Pyrenophora graminea, Fusarium verticillioides, and Fusarium solani.

Method:

Streptomyces isolates which showed the highest antagonism activity for each fungus were selected.

Results:

The inhibition rate of fungal growth by the selected strains ranged between 51 and 67%. The growth inhibition of the fungus F. solani was 51% when S. malachitofuscus Str69 strain was used, compared with 67% for C. sativus by the Str74 strain. The selected Streptomyces isolates showed their production of hydrolytic enzymes that had a role in the antagonistic activity against fungi, particularly the enzymes chitinase and glucanase. The cell-free supernatants effectively inhibited the growth of the fungi, where they reduced C. sativus, P. graminea, F. verticillioides, and F. solani by 57, 68, 19, and 30%, respectively.

Conclusion:

The results of this study demonstrated that selected Streptomyces spp. isolates and their free cell crude extract could be used as a bio-control agent against the studied barley pathogenic fungi.
Mental Health Prediction in Students using Data Mining Techniques
Authors: Sahu Barnali , Kedia Jahnavi , Ranjan Vaishnavee , Mahaptra Biranchi Prasad , Dehuri Satchidananda
Published: January 2025

Background:

Mental health issues are common among university students. Depression poses a significant obstacle to long-term learning and the viability of the educational system as a whole. Many students enroll in colleges in other states, leaving their friends and family behind. Some students struggle to adjust to competition in a foreign setting and the pressures of college. With numerous technical and non-technical universities, Odisha is currently rising as the center of education. There has been much research that has examined mental health issues in India, but few of them specifically target university students in Odisha. Our study aimed to predict the prevalence, factors, and effects of mental health problems (depression, social connectedness, and anxiety disorder) on college students in Odisha.

Methods:

An online survey was conducted that was circulated to several student classes at 3 colleges of an university, and it yielded 109 results. The survey included socio-demographic information along with the General Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7), the Revised Social Connectedness Scale (SCS), and a nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale. Correlation analysis has been applied to identify the correlation among attributes and regression analysis was applied for the prediction of the mental health status of the students based on the given attribute.

Results:

The prevalence rate of depression among students was determined to be 61.90%. Years of college and physical health showed a significant correlation with depression. Students in the early years of college have shown a greater depression rate. It was observed that anxiety and depression were positively correlated and social connectedness and depression were negatively correlated. We also found academic performance and depression to be correlated with each other. The hyperparameter-tuned logistic regression model provided better result in comparison to the other existing models in the literature.

Conclusion:

The findings hint at the high prevalence of depression in students and its association with anxiety disorders, social connectedness, and academic performance. This study emphasises how crucial it is for decision-makers to develop preventative measures and policies for a sustainable educational system.
A Novel Application of K-means Cluster Prediction Model for Diabetes Early Identification using Dimensionality Reduction Techniques
Authors: Krishna B. Vamshi , K. Raguru Jaya , A. P. Bhuvaneswari , H. L. Gururaj , Ravi Vinayakumar , Almeshari Meshari , Alzamil Yasser
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

Diabetes is a condition where the body cannot utilize insulin properly. Maintenance of the levels of insulin in the body is mandatory, otherwise it will lead to several disorders of kidney failure, heart attack, nervous weakness, blindness, etc. Among the 10 majority diseases, diabetes is occupying the second role by covering 34.2 million individuals as for the National Diabetes Statistics report. According to the World Health Organization, diabetes is playing the 7th role in cause of death. Thus early identification of diabetes can overcome these severe damages.

Methods:

Accurate predictions require a lot of data, which is introducing the curse of dimensionality. In the present research, PIMA Indians diabetes data set is considered and different classification models viz., K-means clustering with logistic regression, SVM (Support Vector Machine), Random Forest, etc. are implemented in predicting the accuracy of diabetes.

Results:

The accuracies for diabetes prediction are ranging from 0.9875 to 1.0. KCPM (K-means cluster prediction model) and has shown an increase in accuracy of 0.67% for the combined K -means clustering and different classification algorithms. In KCPM, firstly, the data is clustered using k-means into patients with and without diabetes, and then the clustered results are compared with the target variable and then filtered, followed by applying the different supervised classification algorithms for predicting the disease.

Conclusion:

The results show that KCPM predicts diabetes with a higher accuracy of 0.67% compared with other existing methods. By KCPM-based automated diabetes analysis system, early prediction of the disease may protect patients from facing severe disorders in life.
A Study of Bio-inspired Computing in Bioinformatics: A State-of-the-art Literature Survey
Authors: Mandal Akshaya Kumar , Sarma Pankaj Kumar Deva , Dehuri Satchidananda
Published: January 2025

Background:

Bioinspired computing algorithms are population-based probabilistic search optimization approaches inspired by biological evolution and activity. These are highly efficient and can solve several problems based on human, chimpanzee, bird, and insect behavior. These approaches have been proposed by the scientific community over the last two decades for common application to solving bioinformatics design problems.

Materials and Methodology:

The advanced search boxes in databases such as PubMed, WoS, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus to conduct this research. Keywords such as "machine learning," "bioinspired computing," "DNA sequence optimization," and "bioinformatics" were used with OR and AND operators. Journal and conference articles were the two types of articles focused on, and other reports and book chapters were removed using the search engine's parameters.

Results:

Bioinspired techniques are becoming increasingly popular in computer science, electrical engineering, applied mathematics, aeronautical engineering, and bioinformatics. Parametric comparisons suggest that most classic benchmark approaches can be successfully used by employing bioinspired techniques. 56 % of studies are modification based, 30 % hybrid based, and 14 % multiobjective based.

Conclusion:

These algorithms can be used to optimize data sets in bioinformatics due to their capacity to solve real-world challenges and their ability to accurately express sequence quality and evaluate DNA sequence optimization.
On the hypothesis of the equation for technical system state
Authors: Lobach D. J.
Published: January 2025

Objective. The objective of the study is to formulate and demonstrate potential additional expert capabilities and a hypothesis to improve the quality of technical system projects by combining the analysis of technical characteristics of the project and human factor influence parameters. Method. The paper considers obtaining invariant relationships for some characteristics of technical systems, on the basis of which a hypothesis of the equation of state of a technical system is formulated. Result. Auxiliary analytical approaches have been developed to compare individual operational parameters of projects, conduct an expert assessment of technical systems of projects, devices and technologies. The use of the hypothesis of the equation of state of a technical system allows for expert assessments of the safety of a technical system. Conclusion. The use of additional expert approaches and hypotheses allows for the accumulation of experience in expert assessments, correlation analysis of data, determination of potential capabilities in the context of further modifications and upgrades of technical systems of the project, development of improved operational forecasts and strategies, and adoption of adequate management decisions.
Modeling creep for a closed cylindrical shell under hydrostatic pressure
Authors: Magomedov M. A. , Kuznetsov V. V. , Yazyev B. M. , Litvinov S. V.
Published: January 2025

Objective. The paper presents general equations of the moment theory of a shell of zero Gaussian curvature taking into account creep deformation. The problem of the stress-strain state of a shell is considered, with the boundary conditions: rigidly fixed at the base and free edge at the top. The cylinder is subject to internal hydrostatic pressure. Method. A linear non-homogeneous differential equation of the fourth order with respect to deflection is obtained. The solution is given in the MATLAB software package. The non-linear MaxwellGurevich equation is used as the equation of state between creep deformations and stresses. To determine creep deformations, a linear approximation of the first derivative with respect to time (Euler's method) was used. Result. The calculation of the shell made of secondary PVC was performed using the grid method. The method was tested. A program for calculation in the MATLAB package was developed with the possibility of varying the initial data and outputting a graph of the dependence of stress displacements on time. During creep in the shell, circumferential stresses increase by 14.7%. Conclusion. The proposed approach can be applied to the analysis of the stress-strain state and bearing capacity of a reinforced concrete shell as well. There are no restrictions on boundary conditions and the type of loading, and the beam material can be not only polymers and composites for construction purposes, but also concrete.
Calculation models of beams with one-way connections
Authors: Yusupov A. K. , Muselemov Kh. M. , Vishtalov R. I.
Published: January 2025

Objective. The article considers the operational features of beam structures with one-way ties. Method. By studying the operational features of beam structure supports, analytical and graphical dependencies between beam displacements and their support reactions are derived. The properties of generalized functions are used to describe the nonlinearities that occur during structural deformations. Differential equations for transverse bending of beams are presented, taking into account nonlinearities and methods for their solution. Result. Design and calculation schemes have been developed that take into account the operation of beam structure supports, allowing us to obtain precise values of deflections and internal forces of sections on this basis, which ensures the necessary reliability of the structure. The results are given in the form of analytical expressions, graphs, and tables. Conclusion. Calculation models of beams with one-way connections can find wide application in the design of beam structures with supports with one-way connections.