bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Primary Intraspinal Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors (PNET’s): A Case Report and Analytical Review using Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Authors: Goyal Sarvesh , Shah Het , Kedia Shweta , Rafiq Rahil , Narwal Anubhav , Sharma Mehar
Published: September 2024

Abstract

We present a case report of a 5-year-old child with a primary Primitive Neuroectodermal tumor in the intramedullary region. We have also attempted to identify the positive prognostic factors for primary pediatric intraspinal PNETs using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). After a thorough review of all primary pediatric intraspinal PNETs, ANN analysis was used to identify factors that favorably predict the survival in these cases for more than 6 months. ANN model could predict with 84.6% accuracy the survival period for pediatric primary spinal PNET on 13 tested cases. The most important variables were Treatment (relative significance 100%), followed by the location of the tumor in the axial section (84.6%), involvement of thoracic level (62.7%), and gender (40.3%). We concluded that surgical treatment followed by adjuvant chemoradiotherapy offers a survival advantage as compared to any of the modalities used alone. (P = 0.071, with 100% relative importance on ANN).
An Observational Study of Magnetic Resonance Techniques (Perfusion and Spectroscopy) for Differentiating Low- and High-grade Glioma
Authors: Sinduriyan Hitesh , Sharma Rautesh Kumar , Kundal Gulshan , Bhattacharjee Saikat
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

To assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance perfusion (MRP) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for characterization of glioma into low and high grade.

Methods:

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2018 to April 2020 on 50 adult patients of glioma, which were graded into low- and high based on histopathology. MRP characteristics (such as blood volume and flow) and MRS characteristics (choline/creatinine ratio) were compared in low- and high-grade tumors. Sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), diagnostic accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) of MRS and MRP were calculated for diagnosing high-grade gliomas (HGG).

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 44.04 ± 16.1 years; and 34 (68%) were males and 16 (32%) were females. There were 36 (72%) cases of high-grade and 14 (28%) low-grade tumors. The Sn, Sp, PPV, NPV, diagnostic accuracy, and AUC of MRP were 100%, 92.86%, 97.3%, 100%, 98%, and 0.964, respectively, and MRS was 97.22%, 78.57%, 92.1%, 91.7%, 92%, and 0.879, respectively, for diagnosing HGG.

Conclusion:

MRS and MRP are useful adjuncts to conventional MR imaging in correctly diagnosing high-grade tumors.
Genetic Insights and Genetic Predisposition of Osteoporosis – A Systematic Review
Authors: Subramanyam Krishna , Poornima Subhadra , Saketh A. S. P. V. S.
Published: September 2024

Osteoporosis (OP) is a condition characterized by fragile and easily broken bones, impacting around 200 million individuals worldwide. OP is defined by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, both of which greatly heighten the likelihood of fractures. It is now widely recognized that OP is a complex condition resulting from the interplay between genetic factors and environmental influences. Identification of markers with a genetic predisposition to OP is crucial in the development of disease prevention. In the recent past, the scientific community has concentrated on understanding the genetic basis of OP. This review focuses on genetic insights of OP and different gene polymorphisms associated with BMD and OP. Molecular screening of individuals could be useful to identify susceptibility genes of OP for better individualized clinical management of the disease.
High Incidence of Spondylolisthesis in Patients with Grade 3 or 4 Osteoarthritis Knees with Spinal Symptoms
Authors: Karumuri Kishore , Pawar Sawankumar , Vecham Ratnakar , Dinakar A. , Reddy M. Venkateshwar , Reddy A. V. Gurava
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

The concerted radiographic incidence between lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) and knee joint arthritis is not known. Hence, we analyzed the incidence of lumbar DS among severe knee arthritis cases in the outpatient department.

Materials and Methods:

In this observational study, we studied 499 patients (407 females and 92 males) with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. The X-rays of the lumbar spine and knee of patients were taken in a standing position. Patients with rheumatoid/ankylosing arthritis, trauma, and infection were excluded. Knee osteoarthritis was classified according to the Kellgren–Lawrence scale and spondylolisthesis was classified according to Meyerding’s classification.

Results:

Patients with knee osteoarthritis associated with DS were 30.9%. The statistical significance in the incidence of DS with knee osteoarthritis was found in our study. The level of DS and its relationship with the degree of OA were also studied. L5/S1 is the most prevalent level of listhesis and grade 4 OA is commonly associated with it.

Conclusion:

The DS incidence is significant in severe knee osteoarthritis patients. The degeneration of the lumbar spine leads to L4 nerve root pain that is relatively similar to the knee joint pain due to OA. For patients with knee pain, there is a probability of lumbar spine spondylolisthesis, so a complete examination of the spine and knee is required.
Drug repurposing: Clinical practices and regulatory pathways
Authors: Saranraj K. , Kiran P. Usha
Published: September 2024

Drug repurposing, also known as drug repositioning or reprofiling, involves identifying new therapeutic uses for existing drugs beyond their original indications. Historical examples include sildenafil citrate transitioning to an erectile dysfunction treatment and thalidomide shifting from a sedative to an immunomodulatory agent. Advocates tout its potential to address unmet medical needs by expediting development, reducing costs, and using drugs with established safety profiles. However, concerns exist regarding specificity for new indications, safety, and regulatory exploitation. Ethical considerations include equitable access, informed consent when using drugs off-label, and transparency. Recent advancements include artificial intelligence (AI) applications, network pharmacology, and omics technologies. Clinical trials explore repurposed drugs’ efficacy, with regulatory agencies facilitating approval. Challenges include intellectual property protection, drug target specificity, trial design complexities, and funding limitations. Ethical challenges encompass patient autonomy, potential conflicts of interest due to financial incentives for industries, and resource allocation. Future directions involve precision medicine, AI, and global collaboration. In conclusion, drug repurposing offers a promising pathway for therapeutic innovation but requires careful consideration of its complexities and ethical implications to maximize benefits and minimize risks.
Neonatal hemochromatosis − a case report
Authors: Ballal Sumedha , Sequeira Viola Elvia , Bukelo Maria Frances , Augustine Mary
Published: September 2024

Neonatal hemochromatosis (NH) is a rare disease characterized by diffuse hyperpigmentation of skin and mucosae along with jaundice, seizures, and anasarca. Most cases of NH are due to gestational alloimmune liver disease (GALD). We report a case of an 18-day-old neonate who presented with diffuse hyperpigmentation of skin, seizures, and liver dysfunction. Diagnosis of neonatal hemochromatosis was made based on iron deposits found in minor salivary glands on histopathology. The patient was treated with exchange transfusion and IVIG; however, the neonate succumbed to the illness. This case highlights the challenges of NH diagnosis and the importance of considering NH in neonates with diffuse hyperpigmentation and liver dysfunction. Targeted biopsies like minor-salivary gland biopsy with Prussian blue stain can be crucial for definitive diagnosis and potentially improved outcomes.
Maximum Power Tracking System for Photovoltaic Power Generation in Local Shadow Environment Based on Ant Colony Optimization Fuzzy Algorithm
Authors: Ye Fengshun , Ren Hongjuan
Published: September 2024

INTRODUCTION: Photovoltaic power generation, as a rapidly developing new energy technology, is increasingly receiving attention from countries around the world.  However, the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation systems is influenced by various factors.  Local shadows have become one of the bottlenecks restricting the development of photovoltaic systems.
OBJECTIVES: The research aims to improve the maximum power tracking performance of photovoltaic systems under local shadow conditions.
METHODS: A maximum power tracking system based on ant colony optimization fuzzy algorithm is proposed. Research can effectively solve local optimal problems caused by local shadows through ant colony algorithm. Combining fuzzy algorithms can not only improve the tracking accuracy of the maximum power tracking system, but also enhance the adaptability to complex environments.
RESULTS: In the simulation experiment results, the error between the ant colony optimization fuzzy algorithm and the actual maximum power in four local shadow environments was 0.21W, 0.55W, 0.27W, and 0.98W, respectively. Both stability and accuracy were superior to ant colony algorithm, fuzzy algorithm, and perturbation observation method.
CONCLUSION: Research has confirmed the potential value of ant colony optimization fuzzy algorithm in maximum power tracking of photovoltaic power generation, providing a new solution for the operation and management of photovoltaic power plants.
Prevalence and resistance of Helicobacter pylori in a predominantly Hispanic population
Authors: Tabesh Alireza , Antillon Ricardo Alberto , Kondradzhyan Manvel , Tan Ann Zera
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) is the most common chronic bacterial infection in humans. The risk of acquiring H. pylori is related to socioeconomic status and living conditions early in life. Treatment regimens must consider local antibiotic resistance patterns. Adventist Health White Memorial Hospital serves a predominantly indigent population in east Los Angeles with a large number of immigrants from South and Central America. Data regarding the prevalence and resistance of H. pylori in this population is scant.

AIM

To evaluate the prevalence and resistance of H. pylori and correlate with country of origin.

METHODS

All gastric biopsies were obtained by a single gastroenterologist at the hospital in a consecutive manner from patients with gastritis from 2017 to 2022 and sent to various labs for evaluation.

RESULTS

Two hundred and sixty-six patients are born in the United States, 450, 171, 70, and 30 patients are immigrants from Mexico, Central and South America (CSA), Asia, and other countries respectively. Overall, 14.65% were found to be infected with H. pylori . Rates of infection in United States-born citizens, immigrants from Mexico, CSA, and Asia are 9.02%, 18.67%, 13.45%, and 11.43% respectively, with Mexican immigrants having a relative risk of 2.3889 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4789-3.8588, P = 0.0004] compared to those born in United States. No correlation seen between infection and length of time immigrants were in United States. Relative risk of infection in patients with no proton pump inhibitor use within the past 30 days found to be 1.9276 (95%CI: 1.3562-2.7398, P = 0.0003). Rates of resistance for clarithromycin and levofloxacin are 21.43% and 31.11%.

CONCLUSION

H. pylori infection appears to be associated with low socioeconomic status and poor living conditions early in life. Clarithromycin and levofloxacin based treatment regimens should be avoided as first line therapy in this region, particularly in patients of Latin American origin.
Association of traits in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars evaluated in Central Ethiopia
Authors: Tessema Lemma , Mohammed Wassu , Abebe Tesfaye
Published: September 2024

Knowledge of the magnitude of traits association helps to determine the relative contribution of traits toward yield and other important characteristics in crop breeding programs. The present study was conducted on twenty improved varieties and one local farmers` potato cultivar at two different sites in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia under rain-fed conditions in the main cropping season of 2017 to estimate association among traits using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance for each location and over locations revealed the presence of highly significant (p < 0.01) differences among varieties for studied traits. Plant height, stem number per hill, average tuber number per hill, average tuber weight, and total starch yield showed positive and significant correlations with total tuber yield at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Average tuber number per hill, average tuber weight and total starch yield had positive and direct effects on total tuber yield at the genotypic level whereas, plant height, stem number per hill, average tuber number per hill, average tuber weight, total starch yield exerted indirect effects on total tuber yield through other traits. Hence, traits that exerted positive and direct effects on total tuber yield at the genotypic level could be considered as selection criteria in future potato breeding programs considering further comprehensive study by including more potato varieties and local cultivars across wider production environments.
Thermochemical conversion of underutilized lignocellulosic waste to syngas: Supercritical water gasification for value addition to corncob and sisal waste
Authors: Revocatus Datius S. , Kasimu Naswibu A. , Ricky Emanuel X. , Madirisha Makungu M. , Kaale Lilian D. , Puline Noah M. , Kilulya Kessy F. , Lugwisha Esther H.
Published: September 2024

In the context of escalating global energy demands and environmental concerns associated with fossil fuels, this paper reports the conversion of underutilized agricultural residues in Tanzania, namely corncob and sisal waste, into syngas as sustainable biomass alternatives for energy production. Employing supercritical water gasification, the study evaluated the potential of corncob and sisal waste for syngas generation. Proximate analysis showed corncob as more suitable for energy conversion due to its lower moisture content (11.5%) and higher volatile matter (74.9%), compared to the higher moisture (14.9%) and ash content (17.2%) of sisal waste. However, the elemental analysis underscores both materials' feasibility for syngas production, with corncob and sisal waste showing substantial carbon and hydrogen contents, which are crucial for syngas. Despite the slight energy advantage of corncob indicated by its higher heating values (HHV: 25.44 MJ/kg, LHV: 24.40 MJ/kg) over sisal waste (HHV: 24.87 MJ/kg, LHV: 23.86 MJ/kg), reaction kinetics and syngas composition analysis suggested that both residues are viable feedstocks. Reaction kinetics analysis revealed temperature dependence in the conversion process, with higher temperatures favoring hydrogen production but increasing CO2 emissions, underscoring the need for a balanced approach in syngas production. The syngas produced composes of H2, CO, CH4, CO2, and light hydrocarbon gases. Moreover, the H2/CO of the syngas gas was less than 1, suggesting that this syngas would be suitable for oxo-synthesis, aligning with existing literature. Regression analysis highlights temperature as the most influential factor on Total Syngas Yield, with significant R-square values (0.992 for corncob and 0.944 for sisal waste). However, a paired sample T-test indicated no significant yield difference between corncob and sisal waste (t-value = -0.518, p-value = 0.626). These values implied that both feedstocks are equally effective in syngas production under the examined conditions. This observation suggested that feedstock selection can be flexible based on other factors such as availability and environmental impact. The findings contribute new insights into biomass-to-energy conversion, emphasizing the viability of agricultural residues as sustainable energy sources. It informs feedstock selection, balancing environmental impact and cost factors, and advocates for a shift towards a more sustainable, circular energy economy.
Effect of seed priming using potassium dihydrogen phosphate on seedlings emergence, growth and yield of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L) Verdc.)
Authors: Y.J. Abdulkareem  , A.N. Muhammad  , N.I. Alaba  , M.B. Shuaib  , A.G. Musa
Published: September 2024

Bambara groundnut takes a very long period to emerge from the soil, this negatively affect plant establishment and final yield; meanwhile, priming has helped reduced time to seedling emergence in several crops. Thus, a field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, during the 2019 cropping season to evaluate the effect of priming using potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) on emergence, growth, and yield of Bambara groundnut. There were two factors; concentration (0, 100 and 200 ppm of KH2PO4) and duration (0, 6, and 12 hours) laid out in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement fitted into a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times. Data were collected on days to 50% seedling emergence, growth parameters (petiole length, number of leaves, dry matter, leaf area, and leaf area index), and yield. Results showed that treatments improved emergence, growth, and yield of Bambara groundnut, with significant interaction effects. Using 200 ppm of KH2PO4 and soaking for 12 hours significantly fastened seedling emergence and growth parameters. Increasing the concentration of KH2PO4 showed no significant effect on yield, but increasing soaking duration significantly affected yield. Farmers are therefore encouraged to adopt priming of Bambara groundnut seeds for 12 hours using 200 ppm of KH2PO4 to hasten seedling emergence.
Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang improves chronic intestinal fibrosis in mice with colitis through CRH-R2-mediated IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Shiyi , Zhang Xudong , Wang Xiaojian , Fan Yihong
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To investigate the potential mechanism of action of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang (TXYF) on inflammation-related intestinal fibrosis in  mice. In addition, to examine dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induction and the stimulation of human intestinal fibroblasts (CCD-18Co) by  transforming growth factorβ1 (TGF-β1).
Methods: Chronic colitis in C57BL/6 mice was induced by administering 2 % DSS and TXYF extract (11.2 g/kg per day). An intestinal fibrosis cell model was constructed by stimulating CCD-18Co cells with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL). The status  and weight loss of colitis of the mice was assessed by Disease Activity Index (DAI) while colonic tissue injury and fibrosis were assessed  using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E)  staining and Masson’s trichrome staining. Relative expression levels of corticotrophin-releasing hormone  receptor 2 (CRH-R2) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in colon tissues and  CCD-18Co cells were determined using Western blot. A cell model of intestinal fibrosis was constructed by stimulating CCD-18Co cells with  TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL). At the same time, the cells were subjected to the intervention of TXYF drug-containing serum (TXYF-DS).  
Results: TXYF significantly improve the pathological changes, weight loss, and DAI score of colon tissue in DSS induced colitis mice (p <  0.05). The expression levels of IL-6 and p-STAT3 were significantly reduced, while the expression level of CRH-R2 was upregulated in the  mouse colon tissue (p < 0.05). At the cellular level, TXYF-DS intervention significantly reduced cell mortality and mitigated the degree of  cell fibrosis (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression level of CRH-R2 was up-regulated while that of IL-6 and p-STAT3 were down-regulated. 
Conclusion: TXYF ameliorates chronic intestinal fibrosis in colitis-afflicted mice by restricting IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway  whilst upregulating CRH-R2 expression
Dexamethasone-triggered hepatic and renal impairment in albino rats, and its amelioration through royal jelly intervention
Authors: Alenazi Fahaad S. , Shalan Naeem , Alzarea Sami I. , Alaraj Mohd
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the hepato-renal protective effect of royal jelly (RJ) against dexamethasone (DEX)-induced toxicity in rat models.
Methods: Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats (divided equally into three groups) were administered DEX with or without RJ while control  group received normal saline. The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransaminase (ALT),  creatinine, uric acid, albumin, and hepatic activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and catalase, as well as levels of  glutathione (GSH) and total protein, were measured. Body, kidney and liver weights, as well as blood glucose concentrations, were  measured, before and after treatment.
Results: Dexamethasone (DEX) produced significant hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia and significant increases in concentrations of  kidney and liver function biomarkers (p < 0.05). These changes were accompanied by decreased liver levels of GSH, total protein and  catalase. These alterations were significantly reversed in DEX-treated rats given RJ, compared to rats receiving only DEX (p < 0.05). Body  weights were also significantly augmented in DEX-injected rats given RJ, relative to rats given DEX alone (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Royal jelly  significantly reduces DEX-induced renal and hepatic toxicities, which suggests its probable therapeutic significance in inhibiting  glucocorticoid-mediated adverse reactions. This phenomenon should be further investigated and the possible mechanism elucidated.
Knowledge of pharmacists in Saudi Arabia on the use of topical corticosteroids in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Alsaiari Soliman Ayed , Al Daghreer Hamad
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To investigate pharmacists’ knowledge and sources of information, as well as identify future interventions concerning the use  of topical corticosteroids for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving a survey of pharmacists practicing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from March 2022  to July 2022 using a self-structured questionnaire. Categorical responses were presented in frequency and percentages. Measurement  data were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD), and differences were compared using Pearson chi-square. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: A total of 288 pharmacists participated in the survey; out of these, 79 % of pharmacists provided incorrect answers, believing  that topical corticosteroids (TCS) are used to cure eczema/dermatitis. Mean score of overall knowledge was 10.13 (2.9) while 54.9 %  showed poor knowledge of TCS, and 45.1 % had adequate knowledge. Furthermore, pharmacists who were nonSaudi indigenes, senior  pharmacists and those having master's degrees had significantly higher knowledge scores than others.Conclusion: Knowledge of TCS for treating atopic dermatitis among pharmacists in Saudi Arabia is poor. There is a significant association  of knowledge with being a non-Saudi indigene, pharmacist’s rank, qualification, area of practice, and additional training.  Promoting continuous education and implementing formal undergraduate training programs would address this knowledge gap and  ultimately improve pharmacists' understanding of topical corticosteroid use in atopic dermatitis.
Effect of intestinal microecological agents on perioperative gastrointestinal function and complications in congenital megacolon
Authors: He Kunfeng , Liao Jun , Du Jun , Yang Jiafei , Zhuo Yingquan , Gu Huajian
Published: September 2024

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of intestinal microecological agents in enhancing gastrointestinal function in perioperative period of Hirschsprung disease.
Methods: 30 cases with surgically managed Hirschsprung in The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, China between March  2020 and March 2022, were randomized into control and study groups comprising 15 patients each. Both groups underwent  laparoscopic-assisted megacolon-modified Swenson radical surgery. Control group received preoperative oral cefaclor suspension for  three days, while the study group received Bacillus subtilis diphtheriae granules in addition to preoperative oral cefaclor suspension for  four days prior to surgery, and continued from day 10 to day 24 after surgery. Symptoms, efficacy, safety, intestinal microecology,  gastrointestinal function, inflammation, and nutrition were assessed upon admission, and 10 days after surgery. Postoperative  complications were compared.
Results: Bacterial counts in both groups increased significantly on Day 10 after surgery compared to the  counts at admission (p < 0.05). The study group exhibited significantly higher counts compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The bacilli- to-cocci ratio in the study group did not change significantly (p > 0.05). Nutritional status was significantly higher in the study group  compared to control group 10 days after surgery (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of small bowel colitis was lower in the study  group compared to control group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications in both groups (p > 0.05). 
Conclusion: Perioperative use of intestinal microecological agents effectively corrects dysbiosis, improves gastrointestinal function,  regulates nutritional indices, and reduces postoperative complications in patients with Hirschsprung disease. Future studies involving a  larger number of participants from different ethnic extractions would be required to improve the quality of results obtained from this  investigation.
Phytochemical screening and efficacy of ethanolic fruit and seed extract of Gmelina arborea in the treatment of diabetes in albino rat (Ratus norvegicus)
Authors: Akpabio E. , Usip L.P.E. , Bala D. N , Afia U.U , Ekpo N. D , Bassey E. B. , Archibong I. , Okoro M. F.
Published: September 2024

The present study investigated the potential antidiabetic effects of Gmelina arborea fruit, a traditional medicinal remedy utilized for managing diabetes mellitus. Phytochemical screening and assessment of antidiabetic properties were conducted between October 2020 and May 2021. Fruit extraction employed 50% C2H5OH, with subsequent vacuum concentration at 40°C. Diabetes induction in overnight-fasted albino rats utilized alloxan (60 mg/kg I.P.). Dose-dependent investigations (100, 200, 400, 600 mg/kg) were performed using fruit and seed extracts to evaluate their impact on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Blood glucose levels were monitored throughout the study. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, Salkwosku, Keller-Killian, Cuberman, and glycosides. Conversely, alkaloids, tannins, combined anthraquinone, cyanogenetic glycosides, and free anthraquinone were absent. No significant disparities in phytochemical profiles were observed between Gmelina arborea fruit and seed extracts. Oral administration of the extract led to a notable reduction in blood glucose levels at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg within 24 hours. Notably, treatment with 100 mg/kg of both fruit and seed extracts exhibited a significant difference compared to untreated diabetic rats. Furthermore, doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg of both extracts normalized elevated glucose levels in induced diabetic rats within 14 days. These findings suggest the potential utility of Gmelina arborea fruit and seed extracts in the management of heart and diabetes-related ailments
Uwagi na temat starożytnych źródeł i przesłanek teorii Mikołaja Kopernika
Authors: Rycyk, OFM Konrad Dydak
Published: September 2024

De revolutionibus [orbium coelestium] Mikołaja Kopernika było dla XVI-wiecznej Europy dziełem przełomowym. Postawiona w nim teza kosmologiczna stała w pewnej opozycji do tezy Ptolemeusza, stąd też opinio communis nie bez błędu określa ją mianem teorii heliocentrycznej. Wydaje się jednak, że kosmologicznej tezy Kopernika nie należy rozumieć jedynie jako prostej negacji dotychczasowej teorii, a do jej powstania przyczyniło się także to, że Kopernik znał dobrze grecką metafizykę i kosmologię. Na jakich zatem przesłankach mógł on się opierać? Czy przesłanek tych można dopatrywać się jedynie w analizach pitagorejczyków i greckich matematyków: Arystarcha i Eudoksosa? Czy dostarczają ich tylko Platon i Arystoteles? Czy można wskazać jeszcze inne greckie źródła teorii Mikołaja Kopernika? Jeśli tak, to czy rzeczywiście dają one podstawę do twierdzenia, że teoria Kopernika jest de facto zapomnianą teorią starożytną?
Próba odpowiedzi na te pytania przebiega następująco: po krótkim omówieniu historycznego tła pojawienia się teorii Kopernika i prezentacji jej głównych wczesnych tez (Commentariolus) przedstawione zostaną stanowiska i poglądy geocentryczne w średniowieczu i ich greckie źródła, a także – historycznie idąc wstecz – kosmologiczne koncepcje niegeocentryczne, również te, które zostały przywołane i zapisane przez Kopernika w jego traktatach. Następnie wskazane i przeanalizowane zostaną te filozoficzne i kosmologiczne stanowiska i poglądy, które – chociaż może Kopernikowi nieznane – w greckim myśleniu, i to już u jego początków, mogą stanowić loci philosophici, przesłanki i źródła kosmologii niegeocentrycznej.
Geohistorical Structural Design Tables for the Building Stones of the Maltese Archipelago
Authors: Bianco Lino
Published: September 2024

The engineering properties of building materials are essential knowledge when it comes to structural design. In 1885, the Crown Agents for the Colonies published a study on the resistance of Malta stone to cracking and crushing, in an attempt to develop stress design tables for local masonry. This article addresses the evolution of geological maps in the nineteenth century and, then, introduces the content of this publication. The geological formations described in the latest map are still used to this day. Finally, it discusses the usefulness of these tables in establishing the mechanical properties that Maltese stone can withstand. To identify the quality of the stone discussed in this publication, a geological map available at the time, namely that published by Andrew Leith Adams in 1870, which proved to be moderately accurate, was used. The testing procedures applied followed the accepted laboratory practice at the time. A retrospective analysis of the contents of this publication reveals that the results contained some mathematical errors.
Nun Elena’s Belongings in her Postmortem Inventory
Authors: Шапиро Б.Л.
Published: September 2024

Мир вещей, принадлежавших последней русской царице Евдокии Лопухиной (в иночестве Елена) во время проживания в Новодевичьем монастыре в последние годы ее жизни (1727–1731), исследуется на материалах описи имущества, сделанной через несколько месяцев после кончины. Некогда опальная царица на склоне жизни пользовалась благосклонностью сначала своего внука, императора Петра II, а затем и его преемницы, императрицы Анны Иоанновны. Благодаря особому отношению и повышенному материальному содержанию, равному содержанию любимой сестры императора, «бабушка-царица» вела не иноческий, а царский образ жизни. Она имела собственный штат прислуги, не чуралась пуховых перин, дорогих мехов и модных аксессуаров, заморских напитков и кушаний, о чем убедительно свидетельствует опись имущества, простая, понятная и объяснимая во всех моментах, за исключением одного: это простая мужская сорочка, включенная составителями в число пожитков Лопухиной.

The world of belongings of the last Russian tzarina Eudoxia Lopukhina (Elena as nun) during her residence in the Novodevichy Convent at the end of her life (1727–1731) is investigated according to the inventory of personal belongings compiled a few months after her death. At the end of her life, the formerly disgraced tsarina enjoyed the favor, first, of her grandson, Emperor Peter II, and then of his successor, Empress Anna Ioannovna. Thanks to special relations and high material support equal to that of the emperor’s favorite sister, “grandmother tzarina” could live not a monastic, but a royal life. She had her own servant staff, she didn’t shy away to sleep on soft down-beds, to wear expensive furs and fancy accessories, to have foreign drinks and overseas dishes. The inventory of the belongings is simple, understandable and explainable in all aspects but one: a plain man’s shirt included in the inventory of Lopukhina’s belongings by the inventory compilers.
The Image of Old Russian Monastery in Hymnography Based on Service to Venerable Tikhon of Kaluga
Authors: Волкова А.Г.
Published: September 2024

В статье на материале службы преподобному Тихону Калужскому рассматривается словесный образ древнерусского монастыря, формируемый в гимнографических текстах. Преподобный Тихон известен как создатель святой обители (Тихонова пустынь), и языковой материал рассматривается в контексте того, как словесно позиционируется образ монастыря. Через лексику, словосочетания, метафоры и иные средства художественной выразительности показывается то, как появлялся монастырь, рассказывается о некоторых моментах его истории, а также говорится о значении обители в духовной жизни и самого преподобного, и верующих. Язык гимнографических текстов формирует образ древнерусского монастыря как святой обители, являющейся подобием рая на земле. Гимнографические тексты выполняют не только герменевтическую функцию, но и могут являться историческим свидетельством, а также показывают то, каким образом воспринимался монастырь в религиозном сознании.

Based on the service to venerable Tikhon of Kaluga, the article analyzes a verbal image of Old Russian monastery, formed in hymnography. Venerable Tikhon is known as a founder of Tikhon’s Hermitage, and the linguistic material is analysed in the context of the verbalized image of the monastery. Lexis, phrases, metaphors and other means of artistic expression reveal how the monastery appeared and some circumstances about its history. The language of the hymnographic texts forms the image of Old Russian monastery as a holy place resembling heaven on earth. The Hymnographic texts perform not only a hermeneutic function, but can also be historical evidence and show how the monastery was perceived by the religious consciousness.
“I wrote a Paper to Shemyachich, and with my Hand I signed and sealed it”: Metropolitan Daniel and Arrest of Prince Vasily Ivanovich Shemyachich
Authors: Мининкова Л.В.
Published: September 2024

В 1522 г. в Москве был арестован новгород-северский князь Василий Иванович Шемячич. Грамота митрополита Даниила, данная князю, с обещанием его безопасности, была нарушена. В русской историографии на это событие обращалось внимание. Митрополита осуждали за вероломство и в сговоре с Василием III против Шемячича. Между тем, в этом событии нашел отражение важный этап процесса подчинения церкви государству, который развивался еще со времени Дмитрия Донского и попытки его поставить на митрополичью кафедру своего ставленника Митяя, и который происходил в разных государствах Европы раннего нового времени. Случай с Шемячичем означал закрепление победы государства над церковью, которая отказывалась от своей роли миротворца и «печальника».

In 1522, Prince Vasily Ivanovich Shemyachich of Novgorod-Seversk was arrested in Moskow. Metropolitan Daniel’s paper handed to the Prince and promising safety was violated. In Russian historiography, this event attracted attention to itself. The metropolitan was condemned for treachery and collusion with Vasily III against Shemyachich. Meanwhile, this event reflected an important stage in the process of subordinating the Church to the state. The process had been developing since the time of Dmitry Donskoy and his attempt to appoint his protégé Mityai on the metropolitan see. The process took place in different European states of early modern history. The case of Shemyachich resulted in the authorities’ demands for the Church to abandon its role as a peacemaker and “sorrower”.
On Collecting Tribute from Possessions of Ukrainian Clergy into the Tzarist Treasury in 1666–1668
Authors: Алмазов А.С.
Published: September 2024

В 1665 г. были приняты Московские русско-украинские статьи, вводившие налоги в царскую казну на содержание русских гарнизонов в украинских городах. В документе отдельно не оговаривалось, должны ли взиматься налоги с «маетностей», принадлежавших украинскому духовенству. Хотя и русская практика в этом вопросе, и польская, которую в значительной степени копировала налоговая система Гетманщины, предполагала взимание налогов с земель духовенства, изучение этого вопроса показывает, что, по крайней мере, до 1665 г. в Вой­ске Запорожском владения монастырей и священников не облагались налогами. Поскольку налоговая реформа 1665–1666 гг. предполагала не распространение налоговой системы Русского государства на Левобережную Украину, а, по большей части, перенаправление поступлений от уже взимавшихся налогов из вой­скового скарба в царскую казну, то «маетности» украинского духовенства не были обложены налогами. Однако в ходе исследования удалось выявить 2 попытки царской власти обложить земли, пожалованные монастырям впервые, налогами в небольшом объеме. Представляется, что это исключение, которое только подтверждает правило — в основном, «маетности» духовенства в рассматриваемый период были освобождены от налогов.

In 1665, the Moscow Russian-Ukrainian Articles were adopted, introducing taxes into the tzar’s treasury to maintain Russian garrisons in Ukrainian cities. The document did not separately stipulate whether tributes should be levied on estates belonging to the Ukrainian clergy. Although the Russian practice concerning this matter as well as the Polish practice that was largely copied by the tribute system of the Hetmanate, assumed levying tributes from the lands of the clergy, the study of this issue shows that the possessions of monasteries and priests were not subject to taxes in the Zaporozhian Host at least until 1665. The tax reform in 1665–1666 did not assume the spread of the tax system of the Russian state onto the Left Bank Ukraine, but mainly the redirection of revenues from taxes already collected from military possessions to the tzar’s treasury. During the study, it was possible to identify two attempts by the tzarist authorities to impose small taxes on the lands granted to monasteries for the first time.
The Relationship between Content Marketing and Customer Delight: The Moderating Role of Authentic Marketing A Survey Study of Zain Iraq Telecommunications Customers' Sample Opinions
Authors:   Faculty of Administration and Economics, University of Kufa, Al-Obeidi Azhar Aziz Jassim
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the relationship between content marketing and customer delight in a communications context, focusing on the moderating effect of authentic marketing. Data were collected through a questionnaire directed to 245 lecturers at the University of Kufa as subscribes of Zain Iraq Telecommunications Company. Data were analyzed using AMOS V.24 advanced statistical analysis software. The results of the study showed that there is a positive, statistically significant relationship between content marketing and customer happiness. The results also showed that authentic marketing has an important role in moderating this relationship, as it acts as an interactive variable between the two variables.
Efeito da variação de design em geometrias tpms fabricadas por manufatura aditiva
Authors: Chixaro Davi Salvini , Drozda Fabiano Oscar , Silva Ricardo Júnior De Oliveira , Lajarin Sérgio Fernando
Published: September 2024

A Manufatura Aditiva tornou-se um processo eficaz na fabricação de produtos altamente customizáveis e de grande complexidade. Tecnologia DLP é utilizada desde áreas como medicina e odontologia até a produção de calçados e equipamentos de segurança, devido sua alta resolução nos detalhes das peças produzidas. Estruturas Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) são estudas desde o século XIX como proposta de curvas onde não ocorre a presença de cantos vivos, dificultando assim a propagação de trincas quando submetidas a esforços mecânicos. Devido a sua alta complexidade, sua fabricação era impossível até o surgimento de tecnologias de manufatura aditiva. Ao analisar estudos referentes às estruturas TPMS, percebe-se a falta de definição dos parâmetros de design e sua influência em ensaios mecânicos de compressão como também um comparativo entre estruturas. O presente estudo propôs uma avaliação das estruturas TPMS mais estudadas, sendo elas giroides, diamante e Schwarz P e seus parâmetros de design tamanho de célula e espessura de parede, para analisar seus comportamentos quando submetidas a ensaios de compressão. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o tamanho de célula unitária não apresentou significância estatística, já a geometria e espessura de parede apresentaram forte relação com os valores de módulo de elasticidade calculados.
Pengaruh Jiwa Wirausaha dan Nilai Wirausaha Terhadap Peningkatan Kemandirian Usaha Melalui Perilaku Wirausaha (Studi Kasus UMKM Di Kecamatan Medan Johor)
Authors: Pohan Fitriani , Hermansyur H.M , Putra Rizky
Published: September 2024

Abstract
 
This study aims to determine the effect of entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurial value on increasing business independence through entrepreneurial behavior in MSMEs in Medan Johor sub – district. The population in this study wa 583 business actors, and the sampel was 237 respondents using purposive sampling technique. The analysis technique used is multiple regression and path analysis.
This research is a type of comparative casual research with a quantitative approach. The result of this study indicate that the variables of entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurial value have a significant effect on business independence. The entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurial values have a significant effect on entrepreneurial behavior. The entrepreneurial behavior variable has a significant effect on business independence. The entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurial values have a significant effect on business independence mediated by entrepreneurial behavior.
 
Keywords : Entrepreneurial Spirit, Entrepreneurial Value, Entrepreneurial Behavior, Business Independence
 
Abstrak
 
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jiwa wirausaha dan nilai wirausaha terhadap peningkatan kemandirian usaha melalui perilaku wirausaha pada UMKM di Kecamatan Medan Johor. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 583 pelaku usaha, dan yang dijadikan sampel sebanyak 237 responden dengan menggunakan teknin purposive sampling. Teknis analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda dan path analysis.
Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kausal komparatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel jiwa wirausaha dan nilai wirausaha berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kemandirian usaha. Variabel jiwa wirausaha dan nilai wirausaha berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap perilaku wirausaha. Variabel perilaku wirausaha berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kemandirian usaha. Variabel jiwa wirausaha dan nilai wirausaha berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kemandirian usaha yang dimediasi oleh perilaku wirausaha.
 
Kata Kunci : Jiwa Wirausaha, Nilai Wirausaha, Perilaku Wirausaha, Kemandirian Usaha.
Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu, Kepemimpinan dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan
Authors: Hutapea Delvina
Published: September 2024

Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan memiliki pegawai yang bertugas pada pekerjaannya masing-masing yang dipantau oleh masing-masing kepala sub bagian. Tidak semua pekerja memiliki kualitas kerja ataupun kinerja yang baik dalam bekerja. Pekerjaan yang baik juga didukung oleh karakteristik dari individualnya masing-masing. Permasalahan yang terkait dengan karakteristik individu tidak terjalin kekompakan kerja sama yang baik. Oleh karena itu setiap kepala sub bagian harus dapat mengatur dan mengelola sumber daya manusia atau pegawai sebagai bawahannya, sehingga dapat mengendalikan karakteristik untuk menjaga kestabilan hasil kerja. Permasalahan yang terkait dengan karakteristik individu banyak para pegawai yang bekerja tidak sesuai waktu. Hal ini didasari oleh lingkungan kerja yang kurang mendukung kenyamanan bekerja pegawai. Permasalahan yang terkait dengan lingkungan kerja yaitu kurangnya kerja sama pekerja ataupun kekompakan. yang terkait dengan kinerja pegawai yaitu masih terdapat sedikit kinerja pegawai yang belum terpenuhi, karena masih terdapat 3%-9% pegawai yang belum memiliki kinerja yang baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif karena menggunakan data-data kuisioner yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antar dua variabel atau lebih dan menjelaskan kedudukan variabel-variabel yang diteliti. Berdasarkan hasil uji SPSS pada data Anova dalam kolom R Square = 0.701. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa seluruh variabel berpengaruh terhadap Variabel Kinerja Pegawai sebesar 70.1% dan sisanya yaitu 29.9% dipengaruhi oleh Variabel lain di luar persamaan regresi ini atau Variabel yang tidak diteliti.
Pengaruh Good Corporate Governance dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di PT Transcon Indonesia Cabang Medan
Authors: Amtsari Wildan
Published: September 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian tersebut memiliki tujuan untuk bisa mengidentifikasi dampak dari Good Corporate Governance serta pengembangan sumber daya manusia pada kinerja karyawan PT transcon Indonesia cabang Medan. Jenis penyelidikan tersebut memakai teknik penelitian kuantitatif melalui sumber informasi sekunder dan primer. Jumlah sampel penyelidikan ini yaitu 52 responden yang ditentukan dengan menggunakan penentuan probability sampling Melalui penggunaan metode proportionate stratified random sampling sebab populasi pada penulisan karya tulis ini memiliki unsur atau anggota yang tidaklah homogen serta memiliki strata dengan proporsional. Penelitian ini menggunakan SPSS 20 sebagai alat mengolah data. hasil penyelidikan ini menunjukkan bahwasanya GCG memiliki dampak yang signifikan serta positif pada kinerja tenaga kerja di PT transcon Indonesia cabang Medan serta pengembangan SDM memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan serta positif pada kinerja karyawan di PT transpon Indonesia cabang Medan. Selain itu juga penerapan GCG serta pengembangan SDM secara simultan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan dan positif pada kinerja karyawan di PT transcon Indonesia cabang Medan.
Kata Kunci : Pengaruh Good Corporate Gavernance, Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia, Kinerja Karyawan
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI DISIPLIN KERJA DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP PRESTASI KERJA PADA PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA IV (PERSERO) MEDAN
Authors: Fadhillah Andika , Aditi Bunga , Hafas Hafriz Rifki
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh kompetensi, disiplin kerja dan lingkungan kerja terhadap prestasi kerja Pada PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV (Persero) Medan secara parsial maupun simultan. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan assosiatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai yang terdapat pada PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV (Persero) Medan sebanyak 389 orang pegawai. Berdasarkan perhitungan penarikan sampel, maka jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 115 orang pegawai PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV (Persero) Medan. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, observasi, dan angket. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan analisis statistik dengan menggunakan regresi linier berganda, uji asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis dan uji koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kompetensi berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap prestasi kerja, disiplin kerja berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap prestasi kerja, lingkungan kerja berpengaruh secara parsial terhadap prestasi kerja. Kompetensi, disiplin kerja dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh secara simutlan berpengaruh terhadap prestasi kerja Pada PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV (Persero) Medan
Kata Kunci: Kompetensi, Disiplin Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja, Prestasi Kerja