bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic – Le CP l’emporte « en prolongation » contre le CN
Authors: Venne Jean-François
Published: September 2022

Pour contrer l’oubli provoqué par la succession ininterrompue de nouvelles quotidiennes, Gestion décortique les enjeux qui se cachent derrière les grands titres.
La Moldavie à l’épreuve de la guerre en Ukraine
Authors: Parmentier Florent
Published: September 2022

La situation de la Moldavie se trouve profondément remise en question par la guerre en Ukraine, au moins à trois niveaux : économique et humanitaire, stratégique – étant en proie à des dynamiques contradictoires avec la Transnistrie –, et européen, en particulier avec les développements accélérés de sa politique vis-à-vis de l’Union européenne. Son histoire et son positionnement géographique ont alors poussé Chisinau à agir diplomatiquement, d’un côté avec solidarité vis-à-vis de la population ukrainienne, de l’autre avec retenue vis-à-vis de la Russie, donnant une nouvelle impulsion à son activité diplomatique, qui s’est soldée, fin juin 2022, par l’accession au statut de candidat à l’UE. Cet article se penche sur les conséquences qu’implique le conflit en Ukraine pour la Moldavie, notamment sur sa relation à son environnement stratégique direct.
A linear time approximation scheme for scheduling unbounded batch machines with delivery times and inclusive processing set restrictions
Authors: Zhao Xiaofang , Li Shuguang
Published: September 2022

We consider the problem of scheduling jobs with delivery times and inclusive processing set restrictions on unbounded batch machines to minimize the maximum delivery completion time, which is equivalent to minimizing the maximum lateness from the optimization viewpoint. We develop a polynomial time approximation scheme for this strongly NP-hard problem that runs in linear time for any fixed accuracy requirement.
Reflexiones etnográficas sobre la descontextualización del patrimonio alimentario en el marco de las rutas gastronómicas en Querétaro (México)
Authors: De Jesús Contreras Daniel , Medina F. Xavier
Published: September 2022

En este trabajo se reflexiona sobre las contrariedades y paradojas del patrimonio alimentario en tanto que recurso para el desarrollo económico en la región vitivinícola de Querétaro. La formulación de una ruta gastronómica alrededor de la producción de vinos y quesos exhibe la problemática relación entre patrimonio alimentario y turismo, que se construye sobre procesos de invención, descontextualización y escenificación. Para retratar estas cuestiones, se presentan los resultados de un trabajo etnográfico llevado a cabo sobre el terreno y centrado sobre tres aspectos específicos: la invención de un modelo vitivinícola, la instalación de una agroindustria local orientada a la reinterpretación de quesos europeos y la puesta en escena de los productos agroalimentarios mediante festivales gastronómicos. El trabajo señala cómo la promoción turística del territorio se ha basado en la invención de tradiciones alimentarias, supuestamente locales, y asienta su escenificación a través de la ruta creada, dirigida al consumo turístico y generando con ello una puesta en escena que recrea una pretendida autenticidad, pero que es al mismo tiempo el reflejo de la capacidad de creatividad cultural de los actores.
Physical and chemical tagging methods for the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)
Authors: Santos Pedro M. , Ruivo Quintella Bernardo , Jacinto David , Gomes Ana , Saldanha Carolina , Lourenço Sílvia , Mega Lopes Patrícia , Correia Maria João , Mateus David , Cruz Teresa , Pombo Ana , Lino Costa José
Published: September 2022

The sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) is an important economic resource in Europe, but intense harvesting has led to the collapse of several natural populations. Echinoculture, associated with restocking and stock enhancement practices, is an alternative to this problem. In these procedures, reliable individual identification through tagging is a valuable source of information. However, very few studies address the effect of tagging methods on P. lividus and the tagging of marine invertebrates still presents several challenges: decreased growth, high mortality rates and low tag retention rates. Under laboratory conditions, the present study evaluated the effectiveness of three tagging methods (passive integrated transponders [PIT-tags], coded wire tags [CWTs] and calcein) on wild P. lividus for 60 days in terms of total wet weight, total weight gain (mg ind.−1 day−1), survival and tag retention. The final total wet weight was significantly higher in the untagged (control) group than in the PIT-tagged group. Survival rate was 100% for the PIT-tag, calcein and control groups, and 97% for the CWT group. Tag retention differed significantly according to the tagging method: 100% in the calcein group, 76.7% in the PIT-tag group and 38.0% in the CWT group.
Situation and Proposals for Implementing Artificial Intelligence-based Instructional Technology in Vietnamese Secondary Schools
Authors: Nguyen Giam , Nguyen Nam , Giang Nguyen Thi Huong
Published: September 2022

This study evaluated the level of necessity for bringing AI into teaching, then assessed the implementation of those applications as well as how feasible and effective such implementation is at Vietnamese Middle Schools.  The approach to assessing the current situation in this study is the perspective of Artificial Intelligence-based instructional technology (AI-bIT) that considers the teaching process to be a technological process with three core components being teaching means (the key media is AI), teaching methods and teaching skills. A sample of 119 teachers come from Middle Schools belonged to some cities/provinces in Vietnam responded this survey form. The survey data is illustrated by descriptive statistics of Mean and the Independent-Samples t-test for comparison of different opinions. Based on the findings, it was concluded that teachers' awareness of AI-bIT is quite good, but the actual implementation of AI-bIT is still low, so the feasibility and effectiveness of AI-bIT is not high. It was therefore, recommended that, for reaching the outstanding advantages of AIED in the world, Vietnamese secondary education needs to be invested in technical infrastructure, fostering qualifications and expertise for teachers, as well as piloting AI-bIT models for exploiting AIED in feasible and effective way at Middle Schools.
Image et mesure : deux cultures aux origines de l’astrophysique française
Authors: Le Gars Stéphane
Published: September 2022

Au sein de la commission préparatoire au passage de Vénus de 1874, les débats français au sujet de la technique photographique qu’il convient d’employer illustrent les enjeux qui caractériseront les débuts de l’astrophysique française dans les décennies suivantes. Dans ce cadre vont s’opposer deux traditions. Une tradition de l’« image » est représentée par Jules Janssen, le physicien marginal qui s’est illustré par ses travaux spectroscopiques sur le Soleil. Une tradition opposée, de la « mesure », est portée par Alfred Cornu, physicien polytechnicien emblématique de l’optique française. Si c’est la méthode de Cornu qui est officiellement adoptée par la France, Janssen crée l’exploit technique avec son revolver photographique. Janssen sera nommé directeur du nouvel observatoire d’astronomie physique à Meudon. Quant à Cornu, il fera de l’astronomie un domaine d’application idéal pour les techniques physiques de laboratoire, développant la photographie astronomique, et réalisant des mesures précises de la vitesse de la lumière. Il devient par le fait même un personnage-clé de l’astrophysique française. Au-delà des préoccupations techniques, l’étude de l’histoire du passage de Vénus révèle ici les réseaux qui soutiennent les savants dans un contexte de spécialisation scientifique où la métrologie prend une place prépondérante.
L’expédition à Nouméa : l’occasion d’une réflexion sur l’astronomie française
Authors: Maison Laetitia
Published: September 2022

Lors du passage de Vénus devant le Soleil en 1874, l’Observatoire de Paris envoie l’astronome Charles André à Nouméa (Nouvelle Calédonie) afin qu’il observe le phénomène. Pendant toute la durée de l’expédition, André envoie régulièrement à son collègue et ami Georges Rayet ses impressions de voyage et ses réflexions. Au sein d’un récit pittoresque, André glisse des passages plus graves où il confie son mal-être à l’Observatoire. Animé par la volonté de rénover l’astronomie française, André décrit comme autant de modèles les observatoires étrangers qu’il croise. L’analyse de cette correspondance donne ainsi un éclairage sur l’état d’esprit de la communauté astronomique française en cette fin de xixe siècle qui, à l’image d’André, souhaite un renouveau.
Matière et vie chez Diderot et Voltaire
Authors: Stenger Gerhardt
Published: September 2022

Face au postulat du matérialisme athée selon lequel la matière se combine, par un processus continu, à des niveaux toujours plus élevés d’organisation, Voltaire exprime sa conviction que les structures, les propriétés et le comportement des êtres vivants ne sont pas dus au hasard mais semblent répondre à un dessein. Si l’on considère un organisme un peu complexe, avec l’évidente finalité de tous ses organes, comment ne pas conclure qu’il a été produit par la volonté d’un Créateur ?
La géologie, première science historique ?
Authors: Gohau Gabriel
Published: September 2022

Si Robert Hooke, dès 1667, préconise le premier la recherche d’archives dans la Nature, c’est son contemporain Nicolas Sténon qui en fait usage afin de reconstituer l’histoire géologique de la Toscane. Il se sert pour cela des strates, qu’il ordonne selon les principes stratigraphiques et tectoniques qu’il énonce le premier. Il faut attendre un siècle pour que l’usage des couches puis celui des fossiles, se développent pour former un double système d’archivage, l’un à portée universelle, l’autre régional, grâce auquel la contingence historique est prise en compte.
Faut-il distinguer cours du temps et flèche du temps ?
Authors: Klein Étienne
Published: September 2022

Cet article vise d’abord à procéder à un examen – et ensuite à une critique – de notre façon coutumière de parier du temps, de son cours, de sa « flèche », trois notions qui sont couramment (et abusivement) confondues. Il revient ensuite sur les propos d’un certain nombre d’auteurs, notamment d’Ilya Prigogine, qui considèrent que la physique s’est en quelque sorte « trompée » depuis le début, qu’elle a commis l’erreur de nier le temps au motif, expliquent-ils, que les équations fondamentales de la physique sont toutes réversibles en temps. Quelle est la validité de ce « syllogisme » ? Des équations réversibles en temps sont-elles vraiment des négations de l’existence même du temps ? Notre analyse du problème nous conduira à un examen rapide des conditions historiques qui ont créé la confusion entre cours du temps et flèche du temps.
Critical review of classical electrodynamics
Authors: Cornille Patrick
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we will review classical electrodynamics, where our main concern will be exclusively the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the vacuum and the interaction of these waves with free charges. We will examine the reasons why the classical Maxwell's equations are not
complete and consistent. We will show that there are three kinds of waves propagating in the vacuum, namely, transverse waves, longitudinal waves, and helicoidal waves. We will particularly review the theoretical and experimental aspects of longitudinal waves whose existence seems to be proven.
Aether destructive theory of gravity: Calculation of the aether pressure at the surface of the earth
Authors: Atkinson Peter M. , Nlend Samuel
Published: September 2022

The aether theory of gravity basically states that the gravity produced by a large object such as the earth is that aether is destroyed or modified within the earth. This results in a fall in aether pressure within the earth. Aether then accelerates into the earth from outer space in
order to keep the aether pressure within the earth constant. The aether accelerating into the earth exerts a force on all objects caught in the accelerating aether flow. We have modified the existing theories of what aether is, and using these modifications and existing published figures on
the structure of atomic nuclei, we have been able to calculate the aether pressure at the surface of the earth, as well as calculating the gravitational force per nucleon at the surface of the earth. We calculated the aether pressure at the surface of the earth as being 3311 N/m2
or 337.66 kg/m2. The gravitational force per nucleon is 1.627 × 10−26 N/nucleon. We present an entirely new way to calculate the gravitational force acting on an object at the surface of the earth based on the aether theory of gravity and aether
dynamics. The force of gravity acting on an object (F) is the product of the aether pressure (P), the mass of object in grams (m), the effective surface area of a nucleon (Seff), and Avogadro’s number. The effective surface area is proportional to half
of the surface area of a nucleon (S) multiplied by a factor (). The factor necessary to modify the effective surface area was calculated using calculus. The fact that this equation, based
on aether dynamics, actually works demonstrates that the aether theory of gravity may well be correct.
Toward a gravitational theory based on mass-induced accelerated space expansion
Authors: Frade José M.
Published: September 2022

The general theory of relativity (GTR) has proved to accurately describe all gravitational aspects of our universe. This theory was developed by Einstein under the premises of the principle of equivalence to describe the behavior of inertial systems in accelerated reference frames,
but the physical basis for the principle of equivalence and for the existence of accelerated reference frames remains to be understood. Here, we postulate that the principle of equivalence could be explained in terms of an accelerated flow of space toward the origin of the gravitational field,
which would explain the accelerated reference frames. We provide evidence that the gravitational constant predicts the observed increase in the Hubble constant from early to late universe. This suggests that gravity and accelerated expansion of the universe could derive from the same physical
principle depending on the mass density operating in each process. Mass-induced accelerated space expansion through a hypothetical fourth spatial dimension could explain the curvature of spacetime. It would be the projection of the expanded space to our three-dimensional universe what would
lead to relativistic gravitational effects such as time dilation, redshift, and black hole formation. Therefore, a gravitational theory can be envisioned, halfway between classical mechanics and GTR.
APRENDIZAGENS COLABORATIVAS NA/DA DOCÊNCIA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Mota Charles Maycon de Almeida , Silva Fabrício Oliveira da
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho visa compreender como a Jornada Pedagógica, promovida pela rede municipal de ensino de Várzea do Poço/BA, constitui-se como espaço de formação para professores e professoras da rede. O texto busca evidenciar a potencialidade da Jornada Pedagógica como espaço insurgente caracterizado pelos modos formativos que emergem nos contextos da Educação Básica e das demandas docentes na contemporaneidade. Utilizou-se a pesquisa narrativa como abordagem metodológica, em que os elementos vivenciados tecem-se pelos sentidos que o próprio sujeito produz ao falar de si, quando desvela aprendizagens logradas pela tecitura da profissão docente. As narrativas foram os dispositivos pelas quais se produziram os relatos narrativos, que cada colaborador produziu a partir da vivência na Jornada Pedagógica. A análise produziu-se numa ancoragem da abordagem compreensivo-interpretativa em que as interpretações emergem do movimento que o próprio narrador faz ao narrar. O trabalho evidenciou que a Jornada Pedagógica se coloca como espaço fecundo para pensar os processos de educação, revelando as concepções de um fazer docente pautado nas acontecências do cotidiano escolar.
BIOGRAFIA DE UMA JOVEM SEMIANALFABETA
Authors: Amorim Josabete Bezerra Cacau , Fialho Lia Machado Fiuza
Published: September 2022

A pesquisa objetivou compreender a biografia de uma jovem semianalfabeta na interface com suas experiências de abandono escolar, pobreza e fome. Com suporte teórico da História Cultural, na perspectiva do tempo presente, realizou-se um estudo científico por intermédio da metodologia da História Oral biográfica. As narrativas orais da jovem evidenciaram uma família desassistida, vivências de pobreza extrema, negligência parental, trabalho infantil, evasão escolar e gravidez precoce. Esses aspectos, em especial a fragilização de vínculos parentais e a pobreza, culminaram na necessidade de trabalhar, na descontinuidade dos estudos e na maternidade aos 15 anos. O negligênciamento parental e a ausência de políticas públicas interventivas impossibilitavam o desenvolvimento de objetivos de vida com vistas a um futuro melhor.
CRENÇAS, CONCEPÇÕES E CONHECIMENTOS DE AGENTES ENVOLVIDOS COM O ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Coutinho Murback Maggioni Cássia Edmara , Goldoni Estevam Everton  José
Published: September 2022

Este estudo investiga quais crenças, concepções e conhecimentos relacionados ao ensino de Matemática nos anos iniciais orientam a prática de profissionais, tendo por referência apontamentos da BNCC. Teve como contexto de produção de dados uma entrevista coletiva (Grupo Focal) com oito professoras e três entrevistas individuais com duas coordenadoras pedagógicas e uma secretária municipal de educação. Os resultados sugerem a sobressalência de uma visão formalística sobre a Matemática; ênfase no ensino de Números e Operações; e aprendizagem como domínio dos conteúdos. Esses resultados indicam falta de ações formativas no município para o ensino de Matemática, e reverberam a necessidade de instituir espaços coletivos orientados pela e para a prática, envolvendo gestores e professores. O objetivo deve ser suscitar reflexões sobre os desafios,dilemas e incertezas, de modo a favorecer o desenvolvimento profissional. Por conseguinte, mobiliza o compromisso mútuo (gestoras e professoras) com a formação continuada de professores que ensinam Matemática.
O INCENTIVO À PRÁTICA DE LEITURA LITERÁRIA E OS INDICADORES DE QUALIDADE DE EDUCAÇÃO EM UMA ESCOLA PÚBLICA
Authors: Grimes Camila , Rozane Fermino  , Flávio Booz  , Elis Regina Kosloski  , Adriana Fischer
Published: September 2022

O tema de pesquisa refere-se à experiência do desenvolvimento de práticas de letramento literário, e tem como objetivo analisar como um projeto de intervenção referente à prática de leitura literária proporciona melhorias nos indicadores de qualidade de educação na Escola de Educação Básica Manoel Vicente Gomes, em Major Gercino, Santa Catarina. Desde o início do projeto “Leitura Viva”, no começo do ano letivo de 2017, os estudantes vêm desenvolvendo, cada vez mais, as práticas de leitura literária no ambiente escolar e estão lendo além das estatísticas nacionais. O investimento em literatura de interesse dos adolescentes é um destaque neste projeto.  Os dados do presente estudo apontam que os indicadores de educação aumentaram em grande medida devido à influência deste trabalho com a leitura, em conjunto com demais projetos.
Nanoparticle Shapes Effects on MHD Flow of Hybrid Nanofluid over a Stretching/Shrinking Sheet with Slip and Chemical Reaction
Authors: Yahaya Rusya Iryanti , Arifin Norihan Md , Ali Fadzilah Md , Mohamed Isa Siti Suzilliana Putri
Published: September 2022

The impact of nanoparticle shapes (i.e., blade, brick, cylindrical, platelet, and spherical) on the MHD flow of Ag-MgO/water hybrid nanofluid over a stretching/shrinking sheet is scrutinized in this study. Chemical reaction and activation energy are included in the governing partial differential equations of the flow problem. On the boundary, velocity slip and zero mass flux conditions are considered. The simplification of the governing equations and boundary conditions into non-linear ordinary differential equations is done through similarity transformation. Then, the bvp4c solver in Matlab is deployed for computation, with the results generated in the form of numerical solutions and graphs. It is found that the usage of spherical-shaped nanoparticles produces the lowest magnitude of skin friction coefficient, and the implementation of blade-shaped nanoparticles in the hybrid nanofluid provides the highest enhancement of heat transfer rate. The increment in activation energy slows down the chemical reaction that raises the concentration profile of the hybrid nanofluid. However, the concentration profile decreases as the reaction rate increases.
Attitude, Ethics, and Communication module for medical undergraduates: rapid transition to online mode of teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Patra S. , Maroof K. A. , Sharma R. , Rajoura O. P.
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Imparting skills related to attitudes, ethics and communication (AETCOM) is as important as psychomotor and cognitive skills in medical education. During the COVID-19 pandemic with the physical shut-down of medical colleges, alternatives to in-person teaching of AETCOM competencies were explored. Here we describe our experience of conducting online AETCOM sessions for medical undergraduates.
Methodology: An online teaching/learning schedule was developed for the topic “working in a health care team” for AETCOM sessions in the Community Medicine department in a medical college in North India. A series of brainstorming sessions among departmental faculty members were followed by mapping of available resources. Postgraduate students of the department were involved as facilitators. Feedback from students was obtained.
Results: The developed schedule was implemented with 169 students of the phase II undergraduate course. The schedule was based on synchronous sharing of open source online videos such as movies, or role plays followed by small group discussion sessions which were facilitated by a teacher. Narrative writing, a short-answer type questionnaire, followed by another round of discussion was used to promote critical thinking. The students mentioned the selected videos, the structure of the online questionnaire for submission of narratives and discussion sessions which were participatory and voluntary in nature helped them to understand the scheduled topic.
Conclusion: Carefully developed structured strategies based on triggers such as videos can serve as a possible alternative to teach AETCOM competencies in case of shutdown of in person teaching in medical colleges.
Strategies for optimising doctor numbers in Western pacific and Asian Countries: The path travelled
Authors: Nayyar R. , Agarwal S.
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Doctors are essential assets of healthcare institutions in ensuring optimum healthcare delivery to the people. The shortage of doctors has remained a concern worldwide. The Sustainable Development Goal 3(c) by the United Nations, targets substantially increased health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce; however, progress has been slow. The paper highlights the different stages of development of doctors and interventions implemented for optimising doctor numbers in selected Western Pacific and Southeast Asian countries.
Method: A thorough literature search was carried out using PubMed, BMJ, Springer, BMC, and websites of the National Health databases. Articles assessing interventions aimed at recruiting or retaining physicians in Asian countries were included.
Results: Forty-three studies met the inclusion criteria; thirty intervention-based studies were retrieved in the final analysis. The research identified gaps and similarities in managing the doctor's workforce in Western Pacific and Southeast Asian countries. The proposed solutions were classified as "rural retention programmes for doctors", "career and professional development", "length of medical education", and "incentivised work-life" to manage the lack of doctors in India.
Conclusion: India requires a robust policy approach after understanding the motivations and barriers to retaining in the health system. The interventions proposed in this paper build on regional insights and strategies to help develop a concerted and targeted response to the doctor shortage.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on implementing IPE in the community: students' perceptions
Authors: Firdaus A. , Kristina T. N. , Dewi D. P. , Asmara F. Y. , Afifah D. N.
Published: September 2022

Background: Inter-professional Education (IPE) has been implemented widely in the community, especially in developing countries. During the COVID-19 pandemic, IPE implementation shifted by necessity to online learning. Therefore, we must evaluate the implementation with students as resource persons.
Methods: The design of this study was observational with a cross-sectional approach. Study subjects were third-year students in medicine, nursing, and nutrition who completed IPE implementation using online methods by using the students' families as community representatives. An Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale (IEPS) questionnaire measured the students' perceptions. In addition, we added open-ended questions to identify students' perceptions of the programme.
Results: Three hundred twenty-one (321) out of 470 students returned the questionnaire (68.3% response rate). Most students agreed that the learning objectives of IPE could be attained, and there was no significant difference in those perceptions according to sex, GPA, and study programme. The answer to open-ended questions revealed that the online IPE programme still has usefulness in practising teamwork, communication, and understanding the professional's role. However, several obstacles were identified, such as signalling trouble, limitations on discussion, and the variation of interventions.
Conclusions: Despite the limitation of the online IPE programme with community representatives, it is still relevant and positively perceived by the students with minimal obstacles.
Using Kahoot! as an assessment tool to enhance learning in a traditional lecture-based classroom
Authors: Sukumaran S. , Kuyare S.
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Game based learning when introduced into traditional classroom environments makes learning fun. Kahoot! is a game based app which can be used to assess students’ knowledge, and is a promising tool for formative assessment. The purpose of the study was to measure the extent to which the popular game based online platform of “Kahoot!” is effective as a tool of assessment for learning.
Methodology: The crossover study was conducted at a medical college in India. Sixty students participated with 30 in the Kahoot! Group and 30 in the Control group. Four topics were taught; assessments were done immediately after a topic was taught and 15 days afterwards to assess knowledge retention.
Results: Analysis showed statistically significant improvement from initial test to retention test in both the Kahoot! and Control groups in all four sessions. Out of 120 respondents from each group who attended the four sessions, 75% (90/120) of respondents in the experimental group (Kahoot!) scored 17.7% more than the Control group in the test held immediately after the lecture and 76.6% (92/120) respondents in the experimental group scored better than the Control in the test held after 15 days. Students found that Kahoot! sessions were motivating, engaging and made learning fun.
Conclusion: Kahoot! is a promising formative assessment tool that can be introduced in a traditional classroom to enhance learning.
Competency based medical education: Notion put to play
Authors: Sood A.
Published: September 2022

No abstract available
Patients and doctors group meetings: an innovative way to explore severe asthma backstage
Authors: Caminati Marco , Camiciottoli Gianna , Baiardini Ilaria , Antonicelli Leonardo , Beghè Bianca , Crimi Nunzio , Favero Elisabetta , Stanziola Anna Agnese , Valenti Giuseppe , Visca Dina , Del Giacco Stefano
Published: September 2022

Severe asthma patients’ life is heavily influenced by the disease, which has impact on personal and professional choices or general lifestyle. Despite the available tools to help physicians investigating the patient-reported outcomes there is a need for a more standardised and structured approach to include the evaluation of quality of life together with the emotions of patients into the routine clinical interaction. We hereby report the use of an active listening and insight approach to understand the emotions of patients with severe asthma through dedicated in-person meetings involving a group of patients with their doctors, caregivers and an external moderator. The initiative “Patients insight meeting” was organized within 17 specialist referral centres for severe asthma in Italy in 2019 and involved 149 patients. Insights related to 4 different items were collected and a task force composed by the external moderators produced a general report including the suggestions from the participating centres. This experience of group-meetings involving both patients and doctors together represents an innovative way to investigate real life experience and the emotions of asthmatic patients, highlighting unmet needs related to patient’s experience of his/her disease that need to be included in severe asthmatics’ management strategy.
Red blood cell alloimmunisation in multi-transfused patients from an haemodialysis service in Burkina Faso
Authors: Nebie Koumpingnin , Sawadogo Salam , Sawadogo Salifo , Koulidiati Jérôme , Lengani Habi Y.A. , Sawadogo Abdoul G. , Babinet Jérôme , Khalloufi Mohammed , Diop Saliou , Kafando Eléonore
Published: September 2022

Background: In Burkina Faso, red blood cell (RBC) transfusion remains the crucial anaemia treatment following chronic renal failure (CRF) as erythropoietin and its analogues are unavailable. However, blood group matching beyond the ABO and Rhesus is not common in Burkina Faso. Thus, alloimmunisation is a potential issue for transfused patients.Objective: Our study aimed to identify anti-erythrocyte antibodies in multi-transfused CRF patients at the Yalgado Ouedraogo Teaching Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.Methods: This cross-sectional study, conducted from October 2018 to November 2019, included CRF patients who had received at least two RBC units. We screened patients for the presence of RBC antibodies using three commercial Cells panels and identified antibody specificities for positive screenings using 11 Cells panels for an indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) in a low ionic strength microcolumn gel-card system.Results: Two hundred and thirty-five patients (45.1% female; average age: 41.5 years) were included. The median number of blood units received per patient was 10 (interquartile range: 5–20). The overall alloimmunisation rate was 5.9% (14/235). Antibodies identified included: anti-D (1 case), anti-C (1 case), anti-D+C (4 cases), anti-CW (1 case), anti-E (1 case), anti-S (1 case) and anti-Lea (1 case). In four positive patients, the specificity of the antibodies was indeterminate. No risk factors were associated with alloimmunisation.Conclusion: In Burkina Faso, screening for RBC alloantibodies should be mandated for patients at risk. The high rate of indeterminate antibodies suggests the need to develop a local RBC antibody panel adapted to the local population.
Navigating postgraduate research during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review
Authors: Mudzi Patricia Y. , Mudzi Witness
Published: September 2022

Background: The worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic compelled higher education institutions and postgraduate students (master’s and PhD) to rethink their research designs, as alert level restrictions affected data collection.Objectives: To identify and map out the breadth of evidence available on the challenges and opportunities for conducting postgraduate research during the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: A scoping review was conducted in CINAHL, MEDLINE (EBSCO), SCOPUS and PubMed databases. The authors independently began by screening the titles, the abstracts and full texts. Duplications were removed during the title and abstract screening by exporting them into EndNote.Results: The search identified 463 documents, and 12 were included in the final review. The documents were studies commentaries, letters (n = 1) from India and guidelines from countries across the globe. The common themes that were reported on the challenges of conducting postgraduate research were the inability to collect data, the digital divide and changes in study designs.Conclusion: The review reports on the opportunities and challenges in conducting postgraduate research during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the limited evidence on the opportunities of conducting postgraduate research, most postgraduate research stalled because of COVID-19 restrictions. There is a need for more literature to explore further postgraduate research opportunities during COVID-19 and beyond.Contribution: The focus on the challenges and opportunities in conducting postgraduate research during the COVID-19 pandemic may assist in the development of strategies needed to mitigate the effects of this and future pandemics.
On Augustine’s theology of hope: From the perspective of creation
Authors: Yuehua Chen
Published: September 2022

Augustine was a representative of the theology of hope in the patristic age. He saw hope as the grasp of eschatological eternal happy life for human in this world. Together, the three virtues of faith, hope and love constitute the three interdependent faculties of the soul to know God. Hope, which comes from the grace of God given through Christ, is the knowledge of eternity, not of a future in time, and it helps one to resist the temptation of goods which comes from the flesh and earthly things. Hope in eternity gives one a cognitive power beyond time and space, which leads to a unified vision of past, present and future, thus also causing important changes in how one lives in this created world. However, because of this unearthly hope, people can form a gradually expanding community of fraternity in this world, which helps them transcend differences of belief and seek a more virtuous life.Contribution: This article reconstructs Augustine’s interpretation of the nature of hope by synthesising his various texts, analysing the theological structure of the concepts related to hope, sorting out the ‘theology of hope’ he advocates and finally, in light of the wisdom of his philosophy, responding to what and how we can hope in suffering.
Human action and social structures. A Reformed theological critique of conflict theory and micro-interactionist theory
Authors: Vorster Nico
Published: September 2022

People’s understanding of the origins of social structures and their relatedness, or lack thereof, to human actions and divine providence has a bearing on the moral significance they attach to the rules of structures. Within sociology, both structural-conflict theory and micro-interactionist theory has provided theories on the interplay between human actions and structures. Although both strands attempt to ground their ideas in empirical evidence, philosophical-anthropological views on human nature, the human will and human freedom play a major role in constructing the theories. In this article it is argued that the two theories are based on philosophical premises that create moral difficulties. Conflict theory, emphasising structures as the cause of human behaviour, risks cultivating a revolutionary moral attitude towards social structures that may end up in endless cycles of nihilist conduct. In contrast, micro-interactionism’s social constructivist explanation of the relationship between human action and structures could lead to moral relativism and apathy. This article reflects on an alternative approach. At the core of both voluntarist and revolutionary moral attitudes towards structures lies the notion that morality has no grounding in a deeper reality – they are merely social constructions. The article argues that a Reformed-Christian theory that grounds moral responsibility in what Michael Welker calls an ‘anthropology of the spirit’ may provide an alternative that avoids the moral ambiguities created by structural-conflict theory and micro-interactionist theory. This approach resists voluntarism by grounding morality in God who is the origin of being and understanding moral conduct in terms of the encounter between the divine and human spirit. It counters anarchy by promoting a spirit of moral realism and constant social renewal that takes seriously the consistent threat of the desire for power.Contribution: The specific contribution of this article consists in it bringing Reformed theology and sociology into dialogue. It identifies blind spots in conflict and micro-interactionist theories on the relationship between human agency and social structures, especially when it comes to morality. It also indicates how both theories are guided mainly by presuppositions about human nature and the human will. In response, it is attempted to provide an alternative theological outlook on the question of the relationship between human agency and social structures, which grounds morality in an anthropology of the Spirit. Until now, no such attempt has been made.
Mysterium Deus in missio: The mysterious God in mission
Authors: Thinane Jonas S.
Published: September 2022

As in all other world religions, a deep sense of the mystery is also central to the Christian religion. The mere existence of God is accepted as something mysterious beyond human comprehension. While theological literature speaks extensively of the mysterious nature of the triune God, little or nothing is said of such mysterious nature of God in missiology in the context of the missio Dei, particularly from the perspective of the Willlingen’s International Missionary Conference (IMC) of 1952. The question underlying this article is: how does the perception of the mysterious God relate to the context of the missio Dei? In other words, how mysterious is God in his own mission (missio Dei)? At its core, this article is more about the mysterious God in the mission leading to the mystery of the missio Dei itself. Consequently, this article made use of a search in literature to conceptualise the mystery encompassing the inherent character of the triune God in his own mission (missio Dei). In other words, it underlines the mysterious triune God through his innate attributes, namely omnipotent, omnipresent and omniscient, which are eternally at work in the missio Dei. It then concludes with the view that the understanding of the triune God as a mystery within the missio Dei economy may lead to different but comprehensive understandings of the missio Dei itself.Contribution: The content of this article will contribute immensely to a better understanding of the missio Dei and as such will subsequently be used by missiologists as a reference in their attempts to describe the character of God within the context of the missio Dei.
A lesson on life
Authors: Beyers Jaco
Published: September 2022

No abstract available.
Perceptions of writing prowess in honours economic students
Authors: Du Toit Jean , Pretorius Anmar , Louw Henk , Grundlingh Magdaleen
Published: September 2022

Background: Economists are often asked to explain or foresee the economic impact of certain events. Except for theoretical and practical knowledge, clear communication of views is therefore required. However, post-graduate training in Economics mostly focuses on technical modules. Furthermore, students often overestimate their (writing) abilities – as described in the Dunning-Kruger effect.Aim: This article aims to establish if, and to what extent, perceptions of writing quality differ between students, subject-specific lecturers and writing consultants.Setting: Honours students at a South African university wrote an argumentative essay on a specific macroeconomic policy intervention.Methods: In this study qualitative samples (an evaluation rubric) were quantified for an in-depth analysis of the phenomenon, which allowed for a mixed-methods research design. The essays were evaluated by fellow students, the Economics lecturer, Academic Literacy lecturers and Writing Centre consultants and then their evaluations were compared. The evaluation form contained 83 statements relating to various aspects of writing quality.Results: Student evaluators in the peer review were much more positive than the other evaluators – in a potential confirmation of the Dunning-Kruger effect. However, despite the more generous evaluations, students were still able to distinguish between varying skills levels, that is, good and bad writing. Discrepancies in evaluations between the subject specialists were also observed.Conclusion: More conscious effort needs to be put into teaching economics students the importance and value of effective writing, with clear identification of the requirements and qualities of what is considered to be effective writing.
Examining information and communication technology use in public primary schools in South Africa from the capability approach
Authors: Mahlo Lebohang , Waghid Zayd
Published: September 2022

In 2015 the Western Cape Government (WCG) in South Africa introduced the e-Learning Game Changer initiative to offer teachers in public schools information and communications technology (ICT) resources to improve their pedagogy. Despite the efforts by the WCG to improve ICT use for teaching in public schools, successful ICT integration hardly takes place in several historically disadvantaged (albeit affluent) schools, which constitute a minority of schools in the Western Cape. The primary aim of this study was to investigate those conversion factors allowing or impeding teachers in two public primary schools in the Western Cape from attaining the potential capabilities required for successful ICT integration. Amartya Sen’s capability approach was used as the study’s theoretical framework. The study employed a qualitative research method involving 10 educators observed during their lessons and interviewed. The findings confirmed that only a few conversion factors, such as the attainment of ICT skills through a community of practice and university training by the teachers, provided them with capabilities to use ICT to deliver curriculum content and perform basic ICT skills effectively. Several conversion factors, including teachers’ age, provincial and school policies, infrastructure and resources, prevented these teachers from realising their ICT potential. This study contends that the White Paper on e-Education (2004) policy might benefit from the results, which could help to build or rethink programmes that encourage continual teacher training.Transdisciplinarity Contribution: This research shows that policymakers need to take into consideration the conversion factors that may impact teachers’ capabilities to deliver curriculum utilising ICTs. This study’s findings provide new light on how these conversion factors limit or expand teachers’ ICT capabilities.
Relationship Between Placenta Location and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Facility
Authors: Adekanmi AJ , Morhason-Bello IO , Roberts A , Adeyinka AO
Published: September 2022

Background:

There is evidence that placenta site location might be associated with some adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, however, there is lack of information on this observation in Nigeria and many other developing countries where routine ultrasound is performed as part of antenatal care.

Aim:

To determine the relationship between placenta location on ultrasonography and adverse pregnancy outcomes among a cohort of women with singleton pregnancies.

Materials and Methods:

In a longitudinal study among pregnant women from the antenatal clinic of a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. The demographic, clinical parameters, the ultrasonographic placenta location, and pregnancy outcomes of women followed until delivery, or pregnancy termination were documented and analyzed; P > 0.05 was statistically significant.

Result:

One hundred and fifty singleton pregnant women (43 high risk and 107 normal gestations) were studied. The placenta location was anterior in 72 (48%), posterior in 59 (39.3%), fundal in 10 (6.7%) and lateral in 9 (6.0%) cases. Pregnancies with fundal placenta 8/10 (80%) had more preterm birth compared to 23/72 (31.9%), 11/59 (18.6%) and 2/9 (22.2%) that had anterior, posterior and lateral placenta (P = 0.001) respectively. The mean gestational age (GA) at delivery in those with fundal (34.0 ± 3.9 weeks), anterior (37.0 ± 2.7 weeks), lateral (37.7 ± 1.8 weeks), and posterior placenta (37.7 ± 1.8 weeks) was significantly different P < 0.001. In addition, there was a significant difference in the mean birth weight at delivery in women with fundal (2.09 ± 0.99 kg), anterior (2.84 ± 0.7 kg), posterior (3.0 ± 0.65 kg) and lateral placenta (3.0 ± 0.65 kg) respectively P = 0.002.

Conclusion:

This study showed that placenta location by ultrasound may be associated with some adverse pregnancy outcomes. The placenta located in the fundus was more likely to be associated with preterm birth and prematurity.
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE YÜZ YÜZE EĞİTİMDE YAŞADIĞI PROBLEMLER ÜZERİNE UYGULAMALI BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: ATEŞ ÖZDEMİR Sevinç , YILDIRIM Sait
Published: September 2022

Covid-19 salgını toplumsal yaşamın tüm alanlarında olduğu gibi eğitim-öğretim faaliyetlerinin de biçimlenmesi ve dönüşmesine yol açmıştır. Konu ile ilgili birçok çalışma, ulusal ve uluslararası nitelikte ortaya konulmuştur. Uzaktan eğitim ilk kez bu denli yaygın kullanım alanına sahip olduğu için riskler de birlikte gelişmiştir. Bu süreçte uzaktan eğitim ile birlikte yüz yüze eğitim gerçekleştirilmesi gerekli olan okul öncesi eğitim özel bir alana dahil olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Covid-19 sürecinde eğitim-öğretim faaliyetlerinde uzaktan eğitim sistemine geçilmesine rağmen okul öncesi eğitimin önemli ölçüde yüz yüze biçimde gerçekleştirilmesi üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Öğretmenler hem çocuklar kem kendileri hem de aileleri için ciddi tedirginlik yaşadıkları bu süreçte birçok problem yaşanmıştır. Çocuklar yaşları küçük olduğu için maske ve mesafe kurallarına uyma konusunda kontrol edilebilir değildir. Bu sebeple gerekli olsa da oldukça riskli birçok durum kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Bu kapsamda 24 okul öncesi öğretmeni ile bu süreç ve etkileri üzerine bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın çeşitliliği ve verimliliğinin sağlanması için öğretmenler; yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum, yaşadığı şehir ve mesleki kıdemine göre farklılıklara odaklanılarak seçilmiştir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak veriler yazılı, not iletme veya ses kaydı ile temim edilmiş olup görüşme soruları için etik kurul belgesi temin edilmiştir.