bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of a New Off-the-shelf 3D-printed Trabecular Titanium Acetabular Cup in Chinese Patients Undergoing Hip Revision Surgery: Short- to Mid-term Clinical and Radiological Outcomes
Authors: Shang Guangqian , Xiang Shuai , Guo Cuicui , Guo Jianjun , Wang Peng , Wang Yingzhen , Xu Hao
Published: November 2021

Background: Revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been a challenge for surgeons. The purpose of this study was to explore the short-to mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes of Chinese patients who underwent revision THA using a new off-the-shelf three-dimensional (3D)-printed trabecular titanium (TT) acetabular cup by comparison with a conventional porous coated titanium acetabular cup, to provide a reference for the recommendation of this prostheses.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 57 patients (57 hips) who received revision THA was performed from January 2016 to June 2019. A total of 23 patients received 3D-printed cups (observation group) and 34 patients received non-3D-printed cups (control group). Clinical scores including Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Harris Hip Score (HHS) and Short Form 36 (SF-36), upward movement of the hip center of rotation（HCOR）and limb-length discrepancy (LLD), stabilization and bone ingrowth of cups were compared between two groups. The multivariate linear regression was used to determine the factors potentially influencing the HHS score. Postoperative complications in the two groups were also recorded. Results: All 57 patients were routinely followed up. The average follow-up durations in the control and observation groups were 43.57 ± 13.68 (24–65) months and 41.82 ± 11.44 (24–64) months, respectively (p = 0.618). The postoperative clinical scores significantly improved in both groups compared to the preoperative scores (p < 0.05). The VAS score did not significantly differ between the groups at 3 or 12 months postoperatively, or at the last follow-up (p > 0.05). The HHS and SF-36 scores did not significantly differ between the groups at 3 months postoperatively (p > 0.05) but differed at 12 months postoperatively and the last follow-up (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the postoperative recovery of HCOR and LLD was better in the observation group (p < 0.05). All cups remained stable, with no loosening throughout the follow-up period. But the observation group had a significantly better rate of bone ingrowth compared to the control group (p = 0.037). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that different cup types, upward movement of the HCOR, and LLD influenced the HHS score at the last follow-up (p < 0.05). None of the patients exhibited severe postoperative complications.Conclusion: The new off-the-shelf 3D-printed TT acetabular cup demonstrated encouraging short-to mid-term clinical outcomes in Chinese patients. It can effectively relieve pain, improve hip function, provide satisfactory biological fixation and high survival rate. But further follow up is necessary to assess its long-term outcomes.
Evidence Synthesis Methods to Estimate Subgroup Effects for Distributional Cost-effectiveness Analysis of New Treatments
Authors: Jansen Jeroen P
Published: November 2021

Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis (DCEA) is an extension of conventional cost-effectiveness analysis to quantify health equity impacts. Although health disparities are recognized as an important concern, the typical analyses conducted to inform health technology assessment of a new intervention do not include a DCEA. One of the reasons brought forward is the relative sparseness of the available evidence for a new intervention. The objective of this paper is to review advanced evidence synthesis methods to estimate subgroup specific treatment effects relevant for a DCEA of new interventions. The paper will outline the evidence needs and gaps, present alternative evidence synthesis methods followed by an illustrative example, and conclude with some practical recommendations. Evidence challenges for estimating relative treatment effects are due to lack of inclusion of relevant subgroups in the randomized controlled trials (RCTs), lack of access to individual patient data, small subgroups resulting in uncertain effects, and reporting gaps. Evidence synthesis methods can help overcome evidence gaps by considering all relevant direct, indirect, and external evidence simultaneously. Methods of potential relevance include (network) meta-analysis with shrinkage estimation, conventional (network) meta-regression analysis, multi-level (network) meta-regression analysis, and generalized evidence synthesis. For a new intervention for which only RCT evidence is available and no real-world data, estimates can be improved if the assumption of exchangeable subgroup effects or the shared or exchangeable effect-modifier assumption among competing interventions can be defended. Future research is needed to assess the pros and cons of different methods for different data gap scenarios.
Androgen Receptor Expression Associates With Distinctive Clinicopathological and Molecular Features in ER-Positive and ER-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Hu Taobo , Liu Yiqiang , Zhao Guiyang , Wang Shu , Long Mengping
Published: November 2021

Background: Androgen receptor (AR) expression is frequently observed in breast cancer, but its association with estrogen receptor (ER) expression of breast cancer remains unclear. Methods: In this study, we analyzed the clinicopathological and molecular features associated AR loss in ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer respectively, trying to elucidate the molecular correlation between AR and ER. Results: Our results showed that AR loss was associated with different clinicopathological characteristics in ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer. Moreover, the expression of AR was correlated with different molecular features in ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer.Conclusions: These results suggest that the role of AR in ER-positive breast cancer is distinctive from that in ER-negative breast cancer.
Hot-Spots Clusters of HIV Infection in Cameroon : Space-Time Analysis from the Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Sandie Arsène Brunelle , Mbougua Jules Brice Tchatchueng , Nlend Anne Esther Njom
Published: November 2021

Background: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) infection prevalence in Cameroon has consecutively decreased from 5.28% in 2004 to 2.8% in 2018. However, this total decrease in prevalence may hide some disparities especially in terms of spatial or geographical pattern. Efficient control and fighting against HIV infection requires to target hotspot areas. This study was aimed to investigate whether there is a spatial pattern of HIV in Cameroon and to determine the hot-spots clusters.Methods: HIV biomarkers data with Global Positioning System (GPS) location data were leveraged from the Cameroon 2004, 2011, and 2018 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) after an approved request from the MEASURES Demographic and Health Survey Program. The spatial autocorrelation test was performed with the Moran I test through the R package ”DCluster”. The discrete Poisson model was fitted to scan and detect hot-spots clusters based on the Kulldorff test with the SaTScan software version 9.4, with purely spatial and space-time analysis respectively. Finally, the data and detected clusters were imported to QGIS software version 3.20.2 for maps manipulations.Results: For the three considered periods of 2004, 2011, and 2018 respectively, there was a spatial autocorrelation of HIV infection in Cameroon. A total of 3, 5, and 2 significant hot-spots clusters were detected for the periods of 2004, 2011, and 2018 respectively. In the prospective space-time analysis, 2 significant clusters have been detected from 2004 to 2018. The relative-risk in the significant detected clusters were 2.72(p-value= 0.001) and 3.37(p-value=0.026) respectively. Cluster 1 included the following subdivisions : Mefou et Afamba, Nyong et So’o, Nyong et Mfoumou, Haute Sanaga, Mvila, Dja et lobo, Haut-Nyong, Boumba et Ngoko; Kadey, Lom et Djerem, and Mbere. The other cluster included : Nkam, Sanaga-Maritime, and Nyong-Ekele.Conclusion: Despite the decrease of HIV epidemiology in Cameroon, the study revealed that there is a spatial pattern of HIV in Cameroon and the hot-spots clusters were detected. In its effort to eliminate HIV infection by 2030 in Cameroon, the public health policies should target more of the detected HIV hot-spots clusters in this study while maintaining effective control in other parts of the country which are cold-spots.
Transformation Process of Five Water in Epikarst Zone: A Case Study in Subtropical Karst Area
Authors: Song Tao , Zhang Liankai , Liu Pengyu , Zou Shengzhang , Zhao Yi , Liu Xiang , Li Danyang
Published: November 2021

Five water stand for five forms existence models of water. In Karst area, Five water means precipitation, groundwater, evapotranspiration water, soil water, and overland flow. The complicated water-bearing hydrogeological media and the inhomogeneous water storage structure leads to low efficiency of water utilization. To reveal intricated water resources transformation in karst areas, a typical epikarst zone was selected. The Five water and their conversion processes were studied and the transformation models was built based on the long-term positioning observations. The results show that: (1) Overland flow can be generated when precipitation reaches 6 mm and lasts for 6 h. Under light and moderate rainfall (LMR) conditions, less than 6% of the precipitation is converted to overland flow. Under heavy rainfall and rainstorm (HRR) conditions, the conversion rate is 3.5%-6%. (2) Under the condition of LMR, there are 2%-3.5%, 40%-60% and 25%-35% that transformed to vegetation water, soil water and groundwater respectively, while it is 1.5%-2.2%, 25%-30% and 32%-50% under the condition of HRR. (3) The proportion of precipitation was transformed to soil water is 20%-70%. (4) The conversion rate of groundwater and karst fissure water for LMR conditions are 8%-15% and 10%-15%, and that for HRR is 15%- 20% and 20%-35%. (5) The proportions of different degrees of precipitation transformed into vegetation transpiration and evaporation water are 1.5%-3.5% and 6%-9%, respectively. (6) Generally, about 0%-4% of the precipitation is converted into overland flow, 20%-70% into soil water, 25%-50% into karst groundwater, and 1%-10% into evaporative water.
Stronger correlations than dense coding with the same quantum resources
Authors: Bourennane Mohamed , Piveteau Amelie , Håkarsson Emil , Pauwels Jef , Muhammad Sadiq , Tavakoli Armin
Published: November 2021

Dense coding is the seminal example of how entanglement
can boost quantum communication. By sharing an
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pair, dense coding allows
one to transmit two bits of classical information while
sending only a single qubit [1]. This doubling of the
channel capacity is the largest allowed in quantum theory
[2]. In this letter we show in both theory and experiment
that same elementary resources, namely a shared EPR
pair and qubit communication, are strictly more powerful
than two classical bits in more general communication
tasks. In contrast to dense coding experiments [3–8],
we show that these advantages can be revealed using
merely standard optical Bell state analysers [9, 10].
Our results reveal that the power of entanglement in
enhancing quantum communications qualitatively goes
beyond boosting channel capacities.
Transcriptional responses to social isolation : characterization of the neuropeptide parathyroid hormone 2
Authors:   , Anneser Lukas
Published: November 2021

Across the entire animal kingdom, sociality, i.e. the tendency of individual animals to form a group with conspecifics, is a common trait. Environmental changes have to be met with corresponding, quick adaptations. For social species, the presence of conspecifics is important for survival and if social animals are deprived of access to conspecifics, this can lead to strong and lasting changes on a physiological level as well as behaviour. Gene expression changes responsible for these adaptations have so far not been understood in detail. As social isolation leads to changes on a neuronal level, it is important to investigate the gene expression changes that are induced in the brain. In this thesis, next-generation RNA-sequencing was applied to zebrafish, a well-established model organism characterized by its high degree of companionship. Within the entire brain, gene expression was analysed in zebrafish that were raised either with conspecifis or in isolation, ranging from 5 to 21 days post fertilization. Using this approach, several genes were identified that were downregulated by social isolation. In this thesis, I focused on one of these consistently downregulated genes, parathyroid hormone 2 (pth2). The expression of pth2 was demonstrated to be bidirectionally regulated by the number of conspecifics present and to be responsive to changes in the social environment within 30 minutes. Regulation of pth2 does not occur by visual or chemosensory access to conspecifcs, but is mediated by mechanosensory perception of other fish via the lateral line. In an experiment using an artificial mechanical stimulation paradigm, it was shown that the features necessary to elicit pth2 transcription closely mimick the locomotion of actual zebrafish. Other, similar stimulation paradigms are not capable to induce this transcriptional response.
Feline pulmonary nematodes; new challenges for veterinary practitioners
Authors: MIZERA KAROLINA
Published: November 2021

Pulmonary parasitic diseases have become a frequent feline condition. Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Troglostrongylus brevior and Capillaria aerophila appear to be the main pathogenic factors. Felines that are affected may display respiratory as well as non-specific symptoms. Diagnostic methods include copromicroscopic, serological and molecular detection, whereas the treatment should be both symptomatic and elective.
Alpacas in Poland: health, welfare, and anti-parasitic prophylaxis
Authors: KAPUSTKA JOANNA , GARBIEC ALEKSANDRA
Published: November 2021

Alpacas’ population in Poland has attained 5000 individuals. From 2020 alpacas are recognized as farm animals in Poland. This ruminant is increasingly popular, but still poorly known compared to other farm animals (cattle, sheep, goats). The aim of this review is to present the specificity of alpacas in terms of adequate welfare of these animals. To provide an appropriate welfare level, the knowledge about the species’ biology and typical behaviour is needed. The basis for assessment of the animal's health status is the knowledge of basic physiological indicators, whose divergence from reference values is often the first symptom of many diseases. The health and welfare of virtually all animal species are influenced by infestations by endo- and exoparasites, which can cause many disorders and serious diseases. The growing alpaca population size necessitates investigation of this species, which will help future and current owners to breed these animals and prompt veterinarians to apply appropriate treatment of alpacas bred in Poland.
Microbiological contamination of feed – current hazards and new challenges
Authors: GOLDSZTEJN MAGDALENA , GRENDA TOMASZ , KOZAK BEATA , KOZIEŁ NINA , KWIATEK KRZYSZTOF
Published: November 2021

Feed microflora remains a very complex and still largely uncharacterized ecosystem. Given the wide range of potential sources of microbial contamination that may come into contact with feed, a variety of microorganisms, including pathogenic ones, can be expected. Microbiological contamination of feeds depends on environmental factors, which are a natural, primary source related to the microflora carried on feed materials and coming from soil, water and air. Microbial contamination may also emerge secondarily in the processing and distribution stages of feed, but also in the breeding stage, where feed may be contaminated by animals showing disease symptoms or asymptomatically. A wide variety of pathogenic microorganisms that are transmitted symptomatically or asymptomatically can cause economic losses to feed producers and farmers, and some of them due to their zoonotic nature can also pose a potential risk to consumers. New feed materials appear on the market, i.e. Insect Processed Animal Proteins, which are part of the strategy of replacing traditional protein sources. These materials are under investigation for their benefits as well as for microbiological safety. The aim of this review was to present the current knowledge on the main microbiological risk factors influencing the quality and safety of feed, as well as new analytical challenges related to the introduction of new feed materials.
Pengembangan Buku Ajar Simulasi dan Pemodelan Fisika dengan Unity3D Berbasis Self Regulated Learning
Authors: Pratama Fachrizal Rian , Sasmiko Anjar Hero
Published: November 2021

This study aims to develop a simulation and modeling physics textbook assisted by Unity3D software with a self-regulated learning approach. This research uses Development and Research method through 4D Model. The definition stage is carried out by determining the characteristics of the textbook that will be developed through the initial study. The design stage is done by choosing the format and design of the textbook to produce the first correction (draft). The development stage is carried out to have the second draft, third correction, and the final product of the textbook. The second correction is obtained through the revised expert validation results that have been recommended. The third correction is the acquisition of small group test results by taking them randomly. Based on the results of field tests on students who are taking Physics Simulation and Modeling courses, the final product of the textbook is obtained. One of the textbook features and tools developed is the project assignment feature and the video tutorial tool. Based on the validation of the textbook and its supporting devices, the criteria are very feasible and ready to be used and can guide student learning independently through the features in the textbook. The development of this textbook is expected to assist in developing simulations and modeling in physics and other fields of science, such as engineering and health.
Analysis Students' Misconception in Optical Material Using Three Tier Multiple Choice Diagnostic Test
Authors: Handayani Sri Lestari , Arifin Arifin
Published: November 2021

This study aims to analyze the misconceptions of Senior High School students and their cause in Optical material. The data collection techniques used in this research are tests and interviews. The three tiers multiple-choice diagnostic test used consists of three levels, the first is a question, the second is the reason for the answer, and the third is the student's confidence level.  The data analysis techniques used in this research are multiple-choice scoring analysis without fining and student's misconceptions level's percentage analysis. The lowest misconception level is 10.4% on the light refraction indicator, and the highest is 41.6% on the distance and characteristic of the image on the concave mirror. The sources of students' misconceptions found in this study are the students themselves, books, friends, teachers, students' daily experiences, and the Internet.
Detection of chlorophyll fluorescence as a rapid alert of eutrophic water
Authors: Chen Chih-Kuei , Chen Ying-Chu
Published: November 2021

An in-situ detection of chlorophyll fluorescence was used in an innovative manner to detect eutrophic water, and the results were compared with the Carlson's Trophic State Index (CTSI) indicators. Eutrophication was due to climate warming and anthropogenic activities. The turbidity and chromaticity showed a strong linear relationship (R2 = 0.85) of the Bi Lake in Taipei city. Both the swimming area and the bridge are popular with the general public and had the worst turbidity (35.80–44.00 NTU) and chromaticity (495.37–552.27 Pt). The CTSI had a stronger linear relationship with the phycocyanin (PC) concentration (R2 = 0.605) than with any other three CTSI factors like chlorophyll-a concentration, total phosphorus (TP) concentration, and transparency. The TP pollution had a potential to cause an increase in PC concentration found in this study (R2 = 0.86). The absorbances of the water samples represented that the environment is PC (cyanobacteria) dominant in winter. The PC concentration in Bi Lake ranged from 75.55 to 80.24 μg/L and was higher with lower water temperature. Measurement of in-situ chlorophyll fluorescence is similar to lab-scale spectrophotometer (R2>0.92). The real-time detection of PC concentration could be the basis of a rapid alert system for biological threats to waters.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Applications of Thiabendazole Derivatives: A Short Review
Authors: El Bourakadi Khadija , Mekhzoum Mohamed El Mehdi , Qaiss Abou El Kacem , Bouhfid Rachid
Published: November 2021

Thiabendazoles and their derivatives have a unique place in the field of
medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. These synthesized compounds are used as
principal precursors for the synthesis of several new active heterocyclic molecules
that have diverse biological activities and play vital roles in other industrial fields.
This short review aims to provide current updates about the most bioactive thiabendazole
derivatives from synthesis to their functional applications in diverse fields
including biology, chemistry, materials, and agriculture.
A New Fluorescent Salen-uranyl Sensor for the Sub-ppm Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents
Authors: Pappalardo Andrea , Gangemi Chiara M.A. , Toscano Rosa Maria , Sfrazzetto Giuseppe Trusso
Published: November 2021

Real-time sensing of Chemical Warfare Agents (CWAs) is today a crucial topic to
prevent the lethal effects of a terroristic chemical attack. For this reason, the development of
efficient, selective, sensitive and reversible sensoristic devices, able to detect by optical response
ppm levels of these compounds, is strongly required. Here, the synthesis of a new fluorescent
sensor based on a salen-uranyl scaffold, functionalized with two bodipy moieties, and
its application for the detection of sub-ppm levels of CWAs is reported. Detection properties
were evaluated by fluorescence measurements and selectivity tests demonstrated the strong
affinity for CWAs.
An Overview of the One-pot Synthesis of Imidazolines
Authors: Aneeja Thaipparambil , Radhika Sankaran , Neetha Mohan , Anilkumar Gopinathan
Published: November 2021

One-pot syntheses are a simple, efficient and easy methodology, which are widely
used for the synthesis of organic compounds. Imidazoline is a valuable heterocyclic moiety
used as a synthetic intermediate, chiral auxiliary, chiral catalyst and a ligand for asymmetric
catalysis. Imidazole is a fundamental unit of biomolecules that can be easily prepared from
imidazolines. The one-pot method is an impressive approach to synthesize organic compounds
as it minimizes the reaction time, separation procedures, and ecological impact. Many significant
one-pot methods such as N-bromosuccinimide mediated reaction, ring-opening of tetrahydrofuran,
triflic anhydrate mediated reaction, etc. were reported for imidazoline synthesis.
This review describes an overview of the one-pot synthesis of imidazolines and covers literature
up to 2020.
Practical Approach to Children Presenting with Eosinophila and Hypereosinophilia
Authors: Costagliola Giorgio , Marco Serena Di , Comberiati Pasquale , D’Elios Sofia , Petashvili Nino , Di Cicco Maria Elisa , Peroni Diego
Published: November 2021

Eosinophilia is not a rare finding in clinical practice, and often poses problems in terms
of etiologic research and differential diagnosis. Peripheral eosinophilia is defined by a blood eosinophil
count > 500 cells/μL. It is classified into mild (500-1500 cells/μl), moderate (1500-5000
cells/μl) and severe for an eosinophil count > 5000 cells /μl. The term "hypereosinophilia” defines
a condition characterized by a blood eosinophil count >1500 cells/μl in at least two consecutive
tests made with a minimum of a 4-week interval. The causes of eosinophilia are various, and can be
summarized by the acronym “APLV” which refers to Allergic disorders, Parasitic infections, Leukemia/
Lymphomas (and solid tumors) and Vasculitis-Immunodeficiency diseases, with allergic
disorders and parasitic infections representing the most commonly identified causes. Allergic disorders
are usually associated with mild eosinophilia, whereas values >20.000 cell/μl are highly
suggestive for myeloproliferative disorders. Eosinophils may also be directly responsible for organ
damage, mainly at cardiac, pulmonary and cutaneous level, deriving from the release of the granule
products, of lipidic mediators and cytokines. Therefore, in the physician’s approach to a patient
with persistent hypereosinophilia, it is also important to investigate the presence of organ involvement.
In this review, we propose a diagnostic algorithm for children presenting with either blood
eosinophilia or hypereosinophilia. This algorithm focuses on the patient’s history and clinical manifestations
as the first step and the level and persistence of blood eosinophilia as the second, and this
can help the physician to identify patients presenting with an elevated blood eosinophil count that
need further laboratory or instrumental investigations.
Application of Internet-based Cognitive Behavior Therapy Approaches for Female Adolescent with Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Rohmaani Khadijah Auliaur , Kemala Cut Nurul
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to measure the decrease in depression symptoms experienced by the participant before and after following the intervention by applying the Internet-based Cognitive Behavior Therapy (iCBT) approach. The participant was HN, a 14-year-old female adolescent who refused school due to major depressive disorder. The design of this study was a single-subject design with pre-post measurement. The intervention program was held eight sessions with a pre-session one day before, and a follow-up session was given two weeks after. The instruments used for this research are Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) to measure depression symptoms and Mood-o-meter, which serves as a mood rating to measure HN's mood fluctuation. This study showed depression symptoms decreased and positive mindset change and behavior towards the social environment at the end of the intervention program.
Analysis of cell transmission model for traffic flow simulation with application to network traffic
Authors: Maulana A. S. , Pudjaprasetya Sri Redjeki
Published: November 2021

The cell transmission model (CTM) is a macroscopic model that describes the dynamics of traffic flow over time and space. The effectiveness and accuracy of the CTM are discussed in this paper. First, the CTM formula is recognized as a finite-volume discretization of the kinematic traffic model with a trapezoidal flux function. To validate the constructed scheme, the simulation of shock waves and rarefaction waves as two important elements of traffic dynamics was performed. Adaptation of the CTM for intersecting and splitting cells is discussed. Its implementation on the road segment with traffic influx produces results that are consistent with the analytical solution of the kinematic model. Furthermore, a simulation on a simple road network shows the back and forth propagation of shock waves and rarefaction waves. Our numerical result agrees well with the existing result of Godunov’s finite-volume scheme. In addition, from this accurately proven scheme, we can extract information for the average travel time on a certain route, which is the most important information a traveller needs. It appears from simulations of different scenarios that, depending on the circumstances, a longer route may have a shorter travel time. Finally, there is a discussion on the possible application for traffic management in Indonesia during the Eid al-Fitr exodus.
 
doi:10.1017/S1446181121000080
Productos Forestales No Maderables de la comunidad El Tundo: un remanente boscoso de biodiversidad y conocimiento ancestral del sur del Ecuador
Authors: Maza Vivanco Diana , Abad Sergio , Malagón Omar , Armijos Chabaco
Published: November 2021

Los Productos Forestales No Maderables (PFNM) constituyen una fuente importante de subsistencia para las comunidades rurales del Ecuador. El presente estudio buscó identificar los PFNM más relevantes, así como su uso tradicional y actual en la comunidad El Tundo del cantón Sozoranga, Provincia de Loja. La información etnobotánica y etnozoológica se obtuvo a través 30 entrevistas orales y observaciones de campo. Se determinó el consenso entre los informantes en cada categoría de uso mediante (FIC), así como otros índices cuantitativos que permitieron calcular la importancia o valor cultural (IVU), validación científica (UST) y uso común (IF) de las especies. Se registraron 123 PFNM, de los cuales 116 fueron vegetales y 7 animales distribuidos en 12 categorías de uso, de las cuales destacaron la medicina humana y materiales. Las especies más versátiles localmente son Juglans neotropica Diels, Myroxylon peruiferum L. f, y Verbena litoralis Kunth. De las especies registradas, 33 constituyen recursos potenciales por su elevada aceptación socio-cultural, mientras que 17 de ellas presentaron los más altos niveles de fidelidad en toda la comunidad. Este trabajo contribuye a valorizar el conocimiento local para generar alternativas de aprovechamiento y uso sostenible de la biodiversidad.
Security Engineering of Patient-Centered Health Care Information Systems in Peer-to-Peer Environments: Systematic Review
Authors: Abdullahi Yari Imrana , Dehling Tobias , Kluge Felix , Geck Juergen , Sunyaev Ali , Eskofier Bjoern
Published: November 2021

Background

Patient-centered health care information systems (PHSs) enable patients to take control and become knowledgeable about their own health, preferably in a secure environment. Current and emerging PHSs use either a centralized database, peer-to-peer (P2P) technology, or distributed ledger technology for PHS deployment. The evolving COVID-19 decentralized Bluetooth-based tracing systems are examples of disease-centric P2P PHSs. Although using P2P technology for the provision of PHSs can be flexible, scalable, resilient to a single point of failure, and inexpensive for patients, the use of health information on P2P networks poses major security issues as users must manage information security largely by themselves.

Objective

This study aims to identify the inherent security issues for PHS deployment in P2P networks and how they can be overcome. In addition, this study reviews different P2P architectures and proposes a suitable architecture for P2P PHS deployment.

Methods

A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) reporting guidelines. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. We searched the following databases: IEEE Digital Library, PubMed, Science Direct, ACM Digital Library, Scopus, and Semantic Scholar. The search was conducted on articles published between 2008 and 2020. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System was used as a guide for rating security issues.

Results

Our findings are consolidated into 8 key security issues associated with PHS implementation and deployment on P2P networks and 7 factors promoting them. Moreover, we propose a suitable architecture for P2P PHSs and guidelines for the provision of PHSs while maintaining information security.

Conclusions

Despite the clear advantages of P2P PHSs, the absence of centralized controls and inconsistent views of the network on some P2P systems have profound adverse impacts in terms of security. The security issues identified in this study need to be addressed to increase patients’ intention to use PHSs on P2P networks by making them safe to use.
Factors associated with eMental health adoption readiness and use by mental health counsellors in general practices (Preprint)
Authors: De Veirman Ann E.M. , Thewissen Viviane H.M. , Spruijt Matthijs G. , Bolman Catherine A.W.
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND

Literature shows that mental health care counsellors generally have a high adoption readiness for eMental Health, while the actual use of eMental Health in patients is limited. Facilitating future adoption and use requires insight into the most important underlying factors, as well as the eligibility criteria the mental health care counsellors use in their decision to apply eMental Health for their (vulnerable) patients.

OBJECTIVE

This study examined the use and non-use of eMental Health by mental health counsellors and aimed to unfold the underlying reasons and readiness to adopt eMental Health.

METHODS

A theoretical model was developed, based on the Reasoned Action Approach, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model and the Measurement Instrument Determinants of Innovations model. By means of an online survey among mental health counsellors (N = 132), this model was empirically validated. An additional study goal was to unveil the criteria mental health counsellors use to estimate patients’ eligibility for eMental health.

RESULTS

The most important predictors of the readiness of mental health counsellors to adopt eMental health were the perceived usefulness and benefits. eMental Health also needed to be easily accessible and making use of an eMental Health application should match the task perception of the mental health counsellor. The readiness of mental health counsellors to adopt eMental health had a direct and an indirect effect (via estimated patients’ eligibility for eMental health) on the use of eMental Health by the counsellors. In order to determine whether eMental health suited a patient, the mental health counsellors not only looked at whether the patients had access to a computer and internet and had sufficient digital and Dutch language skills, but they also considered it crucial that the patients were motivated to use eMental health.

CONCLUSIONS

The study revealed that there will only be a future for eMental health in general practice if the mental health counsellor is convinced of the benefits of eMental health and can transfer this enthusiasm to the patient. It is recommended to involve mental health counsellors in the development of eMental health to increase the (perceived) added value and use in general practice.
РОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ ИСТОЧНИКОВ ПИТАНИЯ: МИНИ-РУКОВОДСТВО
Authors: Досталь Ф.
Published: November 2021

В статье рассмотрены основные и широко применяемые топологии изолированных и неизолированных источников питания, их преимущества и недостатки, а также вопросы, связанные с фильтрацией и электромагнитными помехами.
МИКРОЭЛЕКТРОНИКА И ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ПОЛИТИКА ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ СТРАН: «НАЦИОНАЛИЗАЦИЯ» ВЗАМЕН ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Брыкин А. , Макушин М.
Published: November 2021

Глобализация во многом стала следствием однополярного миропорядка. Две крупнейшие экономики мира, США и КНР, стремятся создать замкнутые и самодостаточные экосистемы в рамках микроэлектроники и смежных с ней высокотехнологичных отраслей промышленности.
Fast-forwarding quantum evolution
Authors: Gu Shouzhen , Somma Rolando D. , Şahinoğlu Burak
Published: November 2021

We investigate the problem of fast-forwarding quantum evolution, whereby the dynamics of certain quantum systems can be simulated with gate complexity that is sublinear in the evolution time. We provide a definition of fast-forwarding that considers the model of quantum computation, the Hamiltonians that induce the evolution, and the properties of the initial states. Our definition accounts for any asymptotic complexity improvement of the general case and we use it to demonstrate fast-forwarding in several quantum systems. In particular, we show that some local spin systems whose Hamiltonians can be taken into block diagonal form using an efficient quantum circuit, such as those that are permutation-invariant, can be exponentially fast-forwarded. We also show that certain classes of positive semidefinite local spin systems, also known as frustration-free, can be polynomially fast-forwarded, provided the initial state is supported on a subspace of sufficiently low energies. Last, we show that all quadratic fermionic systems and number-conserving quadratic bosonic systems can be exponentially fast-forwarded in a model where quantum gates are exponentials of specific fermionic or bosonic operators, respectively. Our results extend the classes of physical Hamiltonians that were previously known to be fast-forwarded, while not necessarily requiring methods that diagonalize the Hamiltonians efficiently. We further develop a connection between fast-forwarding and precise energy measurements that also accounts for polynomial improvements.
Efficient verification of Boson Sampling
Authors: Chabaud Ulysse , Grosshans Frédéric , Kashefi Elham , Markham Damian
Published: November 2021

The demonstration of quantum speedup, also known as quantum computational supremacy, that is the ability of quantum computers to outperform dramatically their classical counterparts, is an important milestone in the field of quantum computing. While quantum speedup experiments are gradually escaping the regime of classical simulation, they still lack efficient verification protocols and rely on partial validation. Here we derive an efficient protocol for verifying with single-mode Gaussian measurements the output states of a large class of continuous-variable quantum circuits demonstrating quantum speedup, including Boson Sampling experiments, thus enabling a convincing demonstration of quantum speedup with photonic computing. Beyond the quantum speedup milestone, our results also enable the efficient and reliable certification of a large class of intractable continuous-variable multimode quantum states.
Idiopathic Ventricular Outflow Tract Arrhythmias: Avoid the Use of a Sledgehammer to Crack a Nut
Authors: John Roy , Perino Alexander
Published: November 2021

Ventricular outflow is a common site for idiopathic PVCs and repetitive
ventricular arrhythmias. Sites of origin of these arrhythmias may vary
from the sites of earliest activation mapped. Better definition of the
site of origin can help avoid unnecessary large volume ablation to
suppress these arrhythmia.
Fraud Reporting within an Organization and the Use of the Internal Audit Function as a Training Ground for Management
Authors: Brink Alisa G. , Eller C. Kevin , Green Karen Y.
Published: November 2021

This study examines the effects of using the internal audit function as a management training ground (MTG) and fraud magnitude on internal fraud reporting decisions. Two experiments examine (1) internal auditors' reporting behaviors, and (2) other employees' willingness to report directly to internal audit. In the first experiment, experienced internal auditors indicate that the use of internal audit as a MTG may negatively impact fraud reporting likelihood by internal auditors to the Chief Audit Executive (CAE). Further, using the internal audit function as a MTG inhibits the sense of urgency internal auditors feel to report large fraudulent acts. The second experiment compares management accountants' preferences for reporting to an anonymous third-party hotline versus reporting directly to internal audit. The results indicate a preference for the hotline that increases with a MTG. This preference is fully mediated by the perceived trustworthiness of internal audit, which is negatively impacted by a MTG.

Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Heterogeneity of Diabetes: β-Cells, Phenotypes, and Precision Medicine: Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research’s Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes and the U.S. National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Authors: Cefalu William T. , Andersen Dana K. , Arreaza-Rubín Guillermo , Pin Christopher L. , Sato Sheryl , Verchere C. Bruce , Woo Minna , Rosenblum Norman D.
Published: November 2021

One hundred years have passed since the discovery of insulin—an achievement that transformed diabetes from a fatal illness into a manageable chronic condition. The decades since that momentous achievement have brought ever more rapid innovation and advancement in diabetes research and clinical care. To celebrate the important work of the past century and help to chart a course for its continuation into the next, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research’s Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes and the U.S. National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases recently held a joint international symposium, bringing together a cohort of researchers with diverse interests and backgrounds from both countries and beyond to discuss their collective quest to better understand the heterogeneity of diabetes and thus gain insights to inform new directions in diabetes treatment and prevention. This article summarizes the proceedings of that symposium, which spanned cutting-edge research into various aspects of islet biology, the heterogeneity of diabetic phenotypes, and the current state of and future prospects for precision medicine in diabetes.
Acute-to-Chronic Glycemic Ratio as a Predictor of COVID-19 Severity and Mortality
Authors: Ramon Jordi , Llauradó Gemma , Güerri Roberto , Climent Elisenda , Ballesta Silvia , Benaiges David , López-Montesinos Inmaculada , Navarro Humberto , Fernández Natalia , Carrera Maria José , Mauricio Dídac , Flores-Le Roux Juana A. , Chillarón Juan-José
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the association between acute-to-chronic (A/C) glycemic ratio and mortality and severity outcomes for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A total of 91 patients were included. We measured glycemia at admission and estimated the average chronic glucose levels to calculate the A/C glycemic ratio. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit admission, and mechanical ventilation.

RESULTS

Thirty-five patients had a primary outcome event, presenting a significant association with the A/C glycemic ratio (hazard ratio [HR] 1.57 [95% CI 1.14–2.15], P = 0.005). In comparisons with the 2nd tertile, the 3rd tertile of the A/C glycemic ratio was associated with the primary outcome (HR 3.39 [95% CI 1.31–8.75], P = 0.012). In the multivariate analysis, after additional adjustment for age, sex, comorbidities, inflammatory markers, and corticosteroid therapy, the association for the 3rd tertile (HR 3.96 [95% CI 1.35–11.59], P = 0.012) remained significant.

CONCLUSIONS

In patients with T2D hospitalized with COVID-19, the imbalance between acute glycemia at admission and chronic metabolic control is associated with worse prognosis.
Competing Demands of Young Adulthood and Diabetes: A Discussion of Major Life Changes and Strategies for Health Care Providers to Promote Successful Balance
Authors: Commissariat Persis V. , Wentzell Katherine , Tanenbaum Molly L.
Published: November 2021

Young adults (YAs) are often faced with many new transitions and major milestones specific to their life stage. For YAs with diabetes, it can be particularly difficult to balance diabetes management with the age-typical demands of young adulthood. Clinicians can play an important role in helping YAs navigate major life changes and find balance in the competing demands of young adulthood, while protecting their health and well-being.
Identifying and Reducing Disparities in Young Adults With Diabetes
Authors: Finnan Molly , Agarwal Shivani
Published: November 2021

This article outlines how social and health care determinants can affect young adults with diabetes. The authors provide a detailed description of each determinant’s influence on diabetes self-management and offer solutions to help mitigate these harmful effects.
Schleswig-Holsteinische Bibliographie - Band 11, 1980-1983
Authors:   Schleswig-Holsteinische Landesbibliothek
Published: November 2021

Die Schleswig-Holsteinische Bibliographie ist eine Literaturdokumentation. Sie verzeichnet Bücher, Karten, Zeitschriften, Aufsätze aus Zeitschriften und (in Ausnahmefällen) aus Tageszeitungen sowie Einzelbeiträge aus Sammelwerken, die einen Bezug zu Schleswig-Holstein, einzelnen Regionen, Inseln oder Orten des Landes oder zu schleswig-holsteinischen Persönlichkeiten haben. Dabei sind ehemals schleswig-holsteinische Gebiete einbezogen, soweit die erfasste Literatur die Zeit der Zugehörigkeit zu Schleswig-Holstein oder grenzüberschreitende Fragen betrifft. Der inhaltliche Bezug wird weit ausgelegt und schließt alle Wissensgebiete und Lebensbereiche ein. Zwischen 1930 und 2006, für die Berichtsjahre 1928 bis 1998, sind 17 gedruckte Bände der Bibliographie erschienen. Nachdem im Jahre 2000 die bibliographischen Aufnahmen ab dem Berichtsjahr 1987 (Bd. 13) in eine Datenbank überführt worden waren und auch die weitere Erfassung der Titel dort stattfindet (https://bibliographie.schleswig-holstein.de), wurde die Druckausgabe eingestellt.
Schleswig-Holsteinische Bibliographie - Band 4, 1945-1950
Authors:   Schleswig-Holsteinische Landesbibliothek
Published: November 2021

Die Schleswig-Holsteinische Bibliographie ist eine Literaturdokumentation. Sie verzeichnet Bücher, Karten, Zeitschriften, Aufsätze aus Zeitschriften und (in Ausnahmefällen) aus Tageszeitungen sowie Einzelbeiträge aus Sammelwerken, die einen Bezug zu Schleswig-Holstein, einzelnen Regionen, Inseln oder Orten des Landes oder zu schleswig-holsteinischen Persönlichkeiten haben. Dabei sind ehemals schleswig-holsteinische Gebiete einbezogen, soweit die erfasste Literatur die Zeit der Zugehörigkeit zu Schleswig-Holstein oder grenzüberschreitende Fragen betrifft. Der inhaltliche Bezug wird weit ausgelegt und schließt alle Wissensgebiete und Lebensbereiche ein. Zwischen 1930 und 2006, für die Berichtsjahre 1928 bis 1998, sind 17 gedruckte Bände der Bibliographie erschienen. Nachdem im Jahre 2000 die bibliographischen Aufnahmen ab dem Berichtsjahr 1987 (Bd. 13) in eine Datenbank überführt worden waren und auch die weitere Erfassung der Titel dort stattfindet (https://bibliographie.schleswig-holstein.de), wurde die Druckausgabe eingestellt.
Schleswig-Holsteinische Bibliographie - Band 7, 1961-1965
Authors:   Schleswig-Holsteinische Landesbibliothek
Published: November 2021

Die Schleswig-Holsteinische Bibliographie ist eine Literaturdokumentation. Sie verzeichnet Bücher, Karten, Zeitschriften, Aufsätze aus Zeitschriften und (in Ausnahmefällen) aus Tageszeitungen sowie Einzelbeiträge aus Sammelwerken, die einen Bezug zu Schleswig-Holstein, einzelnen Regionen, Inseln oder Orten des Landes oder zu schleswig-holsteinischen Persönlichkeiten haben. Dabei sind ehemals schleswig-holsteinische Gebiete einbezogen, soweit die erfasste Literatur die Zeit der Zugehörigkeit zu Schleswig-Holstein oder grenzüberschreitende Fragen betrifft. Der inhaltliche Bezug wird weit ausgelegt und schließt alle Wissensgebiete und Lebensbereiche ein. Zwischen 1930 und 2006, für die Berichtsjahre 1928 bis 1998, sind 17 gedruckte Bände der Bibliographie erschienen. Nachdem im Jahre 2000 die bibliographischen Aufnahmen ab dem Berichtsjahr 1987 (Bd. 13) in eine Datenbank überführt worden waren und auch die weitere Erfassung der Titel dort stattfindet (https://bibliographie.schleswig-holstein.de), wurde die Druckausgabe eingestellt.
Yugoslavia and Political Assassinations: The History and Legacy of Tito’s Campaign against the Émigrés
Authors: Mønnesland Svein
Published: November 2021

Svein Mønnesland, professor emeritus at the University of Oslo, reviews Yugoslavia and Political Assassinations: The History and Legacy of Tito’s Campaign against the Émigrés, by Christian Axboe Nielsen, published in 2020 by I.B. Tauris.