bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normatywne gwarancje wolności zrzeszania się w partie polityczne w Kazachstanie
Authors:   Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach, Szukalski Jerzy
Published: May 2022

The subject of the study is the problem of freedom of association in political parties in Kazakhstan from the normative perspective. The analysis of national regulations concerning the guarantee of political pluralism and determining the principles for the creation and operation of political parties in Kazakhstan indicates for series transgressions and contradictions with international obligations accepted by them at the area freedom of association. The current law on political parties in this country contains very restrictive provisions. It lacks provisions that would guarantee the access of political parties to the mass media and the free organization of meetings and demonstrations. The law also prohibits the creation of religious, national and ethnic political parties.
Ochrona praw mniejszości etnicznych w Finlandii. Kazus Saamów
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Serzhanova Viktoria
Published: May 2022

The cultural autonomy of the Indigenous Sami Region within Finland is an example of autonomous status, based on the criterion of ethnic, linguistic and cultural distinctiveness of the indigenous Sami people living in the Northern territories of the state. It aims to protect their fundamental rights and freedoms and their own cultural heritage, including the endangered Sami languages. The aim of this study is the legal analysis of the cultural autonomy status of the Indigenous Sami Region self-government. The subject of the study includes the exegesis of the provisions of the Finnish Basic Law of 1999 and the relevant statute, as well as the practice of the region functioning within the state.
Polityka Polski względem rozwoju uniwersalnego systemu ochrony uchodźców a polskie uwarunkowania konstytucyjne
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Grześkowiak Maciej
Published: May 2022

The article aims at exploring the relationship between constitutional framework regulating conduct of Polish public authorities on the international fora and the observed actions of these authorities with regards to international endeavour to enhance the functioning of the international refugee protection system. The dogmatic approach has been applied in order to examine scope and content of relevant norms pertaining to the problem in question. Moreover, findings of political science were utilized to establish some of the motives as well as consequences of the said actions of the government and to confront them with relevant constitutional norms. Position of Polish national authorities towards development of international refugee protection system has been appraised in light of the Constitution. The Author expresses a conviction that, in light of the said position, the values expressly affirmed by the Constitution are not accounted for in a satisfactory degree.
Naruszenia ustrojowych wytycznych służby cywilnej
Authors:   Instytut Nauk Prawnych Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Warszawie, Drobny Wojciech
Published: May 2022

The article presents the issues of post-constitutional legislative practice, in part concerning the law of the civil service. In the author’s opinion, the Polish Constitution of 1997 sets a solid basis for the functioning of the civil service corps and clearly defines the principles and goals of its functioning (which are: professional, reliable, impartial and politically neutral performance of state tasks). The review of the legislation after 1997 and the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Tribunal was presented at intervals determined by the next civil service law pragmatics. The collected examples of violations of the provisions of the Constitution (in the analyzed time and area) allowed for the formulation of conclusions on the nature and practical significance of civil service law. General assessment is that polish civil service law construction (in accordance with the Constitution) is a difficult task, still unrealized in the law Polish.
Glosa do wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z 24 lutego 2021 r. (SK 39/19)
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Etel Leonard
Published: May 2022

The gloss criticizes the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of February 24, 2021 (SK 39/19) which stated that Art. 1a § 1 point 3 of the Act of 12 January 1991 on local taxes and duties, understood in the way that the connection of the land, building or non-building structure with the conduct of economic activity is determined solely by the possession of land, building or non-building structure by the entrepreneur or other entity conducting economic activity, is inconsistent with Art. 64 sec. 1 in connection with Art. 31 sec. 3 and Art. 84 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland.
Glosa do postanowienia Sądu Rejonowego w Sieradzu z 27 kwietnia 2021 r. (II W 63/21)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Kulesza Jan
Published: May 2022

The current Code of Petty Offenses entered into force in a different legal and socio-economic reality. It does not correspond to contemporary realities, its interpretation requires care, due to the necessity to consider the current Polish Constitution. Article 63a of the Code protects against behavior that violates the aesthetics of public space. Such behavior may not be punished when it does not violate public order, as it constitutes a form of exercising individual the freedom of expression.
New Old Wars – Asymmetric Acts of War in the 21st Century
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Ho Thanh Łukasz
Published: May 2022

The end of the twentieth century wars initiated a paradigm shift. Conflicts that emerged at the end of the last century and developed in the early 21st century revealed new aspects of the armed struggle. The classic perception of war has been blurred. In place of the bipolar symmetry appeared asymmetric threats. The former state monopoly on the use of force was lost. Some new members of armed conflict appeared, traditional battlefield setting disappeared and progressive imbalance between the parties for the disposition of potential violence leads to inequality and instability in the world. Asymmetry became a main factor in determining the image of modern warfare.
The Changing European Gas Market and the Export Strategy of the Russian Federation
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Jędrzejewski Wojciech
Published: May 2022

Russian authorities have for years been proclaiming that in order to ensure energy security and to increase their economic presence in North-East Asia their priority is to diversify gas export and to increase cooperation with the Asia-Pacific region. Despite frequent meetings at interstate and business levels, and numerous formal – but no binding – agreements, no tangible progress in this regard has yet been made. This paper argues, from a game-theoretic perspective, that peril for Russian geopolitical and economic interests ensuing from both inception of EU energy policy and evolution of the European gas market has been one of the factors hindering Russian plans of eastbound gas export diversification.
Poland in the Entries of German Metapedia
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Ozdyk Sławomir
Published: May 2022

German Neo-Nazi groups have not stopped their Anti-Polish activity yet. They still, in the first place, come with revisionist objectives, not matter how Cold-War-or Polish-People’s- Republic-propaganda-like it can sound. The activity of the structures would not be possible without ideological backup. And so the Neo-Nazi ‘white collars’ determine the directions of the actions. One of such projects is Metapedia, a Neo-Nazi Wikipedia in which one can find many, shocking for us, information on Poland and the Poles. We cannot ignore it since, despite historic events, the 21st century Neo-Nazism has also many supports in our country.
Soldier Woman. Woman in the Arms of the Mars
Authors:   University of Szczecin, J. Piątek Jarosław
Published: May 2022

A term „violence”, despite transformations of the meanings, has always been connected with relations between genders, and as such, what it means in a given society to be a woman and a man and which economic, social and psychological relations have been assigned to these categories. At least since the 18th century, unequal share of the power between men and women has been justified with, among others, a different share of “passion” and different potential of violence. A real power ready to use violence should be focused on the men side while a tasks of women should be neutralizing men’s readiness to use violence, achieved by subjecting themselves to men. For thousands of years military battles have been almost exclusively a man’s privilege. Even 100 years ago, women did not have a right to vote even in western countries with the longest democratic traditions. Today, giving a woman the highest office in a state is not unusual. So can we talk about a fall of the patriarchy and replacing men by women even in such man fields as war and military battles?
Civil Legal Regulation Features in the States Who Inhabited the Ancient Territory of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Kazakh-Russian International University, Amanbaevna Zhumabaeva Aliya , Amanbaevich Smagulov Ablay ,   Kazakh-Russian International University, Smagulovna Smagulova Assyl ,   Kazakh-Russian International University
Published: May 2022

This article discusses the features of the regulation of civil legal in the states, who inhabited the ancient territory of Kazakhstan. The authors also noted the development of a legal framework for regulation of civil relations in these countries. The nomads who inhabited the territory of present-day Kazakhstan, anciently engage in economic, cultural and political relations with other nations, and in accordance with the provisions of the laws protecting the rights of individuals, and sometimes even the whole country, when there was a threat to its interests, thereby protecting the political system, the legal system of nomadic state. Ancient legal system, to regulate relations in the tribal society, giving rise to the modern civil law.
Parliamentary Elections in Italy 2013 Struggle Between Demagogy and Pragmatism
Authors:   Szczecin University, Woźniak Joanna
Published: May 2022

Parliamentary elections in Italy, which took place on 24 – 25 February 2013 in a very specific political circumstances caused by economical crisis and the internal situation of the Italian State.The fall of the Silvio Berlusconi’s government and replacement it with a technical government did not improve the internal situation of the country, and indeed it has deepened. The withdrawal of support by the Popolo della Libertàto the government of Prime Minister Mario Monti has caused the need for early parliamentary elections. On the political scene appeared new political parties, including Movimento Cinque Stelle (Five Stars Movement), which stood out from the traditionally corrupt politics and proposed a new form of campaign, using such means as the Internet, blogs, and tour around the country. The new group has also set up outgoing Prime Minister Mario Monti called Scelta Civica (Civic Choice) aided by the smaller parties which were in the Parliament and supported of the European Union austerity policies. In addition, in the election participated the Democratic Party, the Northern League and the Popolo della Libertà (People of Freedom). In total, their participation in the elections reported 215 political parties. Elections minimally won leftist Democratic Party with a score of 29.54% (Chamber of Deputies). Surprisingly Popolo dellaLibertà of Silvio Berlusconi received 29.13% (Chamber of Deputies). But the biggest winner was the Five Star Movement, which won 25.55% of the seats, while the biggest loser was the group of Mario Monti, because he received only 10.54% of votes. The result above shows that the creation of the coalition will be very difficult. Political class will have to regain the trust of the society to be able to make the necessary reforms to cure the economical situation of Italy and they should focus on the problems of the country and not the Silvio Berlusconi’s excesses.
The European Union Role in Resolving the Armed Conflict in the Western Sudanese Province of Darfur
Authors:   Wrocław University of Economics, Karamalla-Gaiballa Nagmeldin
Published: May 2022

The article outlines the role of the EU in resolving the armed conflict in the western Sudanese province of Darfur, and explains the important role played by the EU in its engaged in peacekeeping and that guided his condition, as well as how it actions and decisions were received by the Darfurians and the government in Khartoum. Unfortunately, the nature and progress of the conflict, and above all, the great ignorance of the region and the population, makes all attempts to resolve the conflict are ineffective. Through these years, the EU has introduced a number of resolutions, declarations and sanctions. All this was not only to save the life of hundreds of thousands of civilians, but also opposition to the regime and impact on its interests. Unfortunately, there was no general coordination of EU the actions, not only in Darfur, but also in the whole of Sudan. That resulting chaos in actions related to the quality of cooperation between the EU bodies. There was no close co-operation aimed at planning of aid from the United Nations, also because it was a kind of rivalry between EU and UN organizations who want to be seen as a major mediator in peacekeeping.
Polish Involvement in Peacekeeping Operations and Stabilisation Missions from the Perspective of The Foreign Policy
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Podgórzańska Renata
Published: May 2022

The involvement of Poland in the activities of the international community for strengthening peace, security and stability in conflict-prone states and regions was one of significant elements of the foreign policy pursued afier 1989. It assumed various forms, from diplomatic initiatives and activities, to the direct participation in international peacekeeping operations and stabilisation missions. The involvement of Poland in the activities of the international community for strengthening peace, security and stability in conflict-prone states and regions was one of significant elements of the foreign policy pursued afier 1989. It assumed various forms, from diplomatic initiatives and activities, to the direct participation in international peacekeeping operations and stabilisation missions.
The Function of Collective Memory in the Creation of a New Nation in Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s A Grain of Wheat
Authors:   Sabancı University School of Languages, Kazaz Celik Gulden
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to share a story of Kenya narrated by Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o’s A Grain of Wheat and analyse its narrative in accordance with Ernest Renan’s article entitled “What is a Nation?” to reveal a part of its journey from their dependence on the British colonial rule to their independence. The whole novel is anchored in the collective memories of some of the Kenyans, describing what they have undergone so far under the British colonial rule and how they have gained their independence with the help of the Mau Mau freedom fighters who mostly sacrifice their own life for their nation’s peace and liberation. This collective memory helps them get together to remember their past and build their present for their future and at this point Thiong’o’s novel seems to echo Renan’s arguments focusing on the basics of the nation. As Renan states in the article, embracing the past memories, accepting all the stories of sacrifice and devotion as well as their own suffering, holding a common and strong will for the present and building the future by punishing the traitors as an example for the others who might think of betraying their togetherness and unity are all the requirements to be fulfilled to create a new nation and Thiong’o’ appears to apply each of them to be sure that they eventually have their own independent nation.
Impact of Climate Change Mitigation Measures on Indigenous Peoples
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Szpak Agnieszka
Published: May 2022

The author presents selected ventures in the area of climate change mitigation and adaptation that negatively affect indigenous peoples. Against this factual background, she analyzes relevant international legal regulations. Such an analysis enables the answer to the main research question: can climate change adaptation and mitigation actions be the justification for disrespecting the rights of indigenous peoples? The research method adopted is legal- -institutional analysis which includes an examination of the content of legal and other documents. Combined with critical analysis of literature and media reports this analysis allows representation of the reality – violations of the rights of indigenous peoples as a part of efforts to counteract climate change. Recommendations and main findings include: climate change adaptation and mitigation measures may not justify violations of the rights of indigenous peoples; such measures have to be developed in collaboration with indigenous communities; indigenous peoples’ rights may not be perceived as a factor hindering the State’s economic development or an obstacle to environmental protection; indigenous knowledge should be included in the strategies to combat climate change. Indigenous peoples should be regularly consulted by policy makers so that the their traditional knowledge is incorporated in decisions regarding these matters.
COVID-19 and security-development nexus : Vietnam’s perspectives
Authors:   Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam, Minh Thao Chu
Published: May 2022

Covid-19 is considered as an important factor that impacts largely on the security and development. Covid-19 has caused the shiftin the definition of the national security and significance of new emerging non-traditional security issues, for instance the health security, and human security. Accordingly, Covid-19 has had devastating effects on the poor and human development, due to the economic recession and diversion of resources to focus on coping with the virus, stressing the accomplishment of sustainable development goals. It is anticipated that the entanglement of security and development issues gives rise to more complex challenges to ensure the stability and progress of sustainable economic development. This context has raised a question of how countries, especially lower middle-income countries like Vietnam, could cope with arising challenges and opportunities in the new context. This research concludes that Vietnam, as a perfect case study, has strongly supported global and regional cooperation to reset development agenda to focus on quick economic recovery towards resilient, green inclusive, and sustainable development. Internally, Vietnam was successful in controlling the pandemic, and become one of few countries that achieved positive GDP growth in the region in 2020. The key to overcome these challenges remains with the Communist Party of Vietnam’s strong political leadership to control Covid-19, and to take advantages of development trends such as globalization, shifting of supply chain, digital economy, and green recovery and green growth.
El motivo del conejillo de Indias (cavia porcellus) en la pintura europea de la Edad Moderna
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, Strzemecka Joanna
Published: May 2022

This paper focuses on European reception of the guinea-pig motif on the example of paintings from the 16th to 18th centuries. Interpretation of guinea pig’s significance in early modern Europe is interesting insofar as it concerns an animal with an already established cultural function. The homeland of guinea pig is South America, where it was bred for food but also played an important social and religious role. When it came to Europe, its original meaning fundamentally changed. As a new animal with exotic connotations, it gained the status of a valuable fauna specimen and soon became an extremely fashionable breeding animal among the upper classes. This evolution can be observed in the field of art. Zoological and scientific representations become the “natural habitat” for a guinea pig. Initially, a guinea-pig image appears in lexicons, and then in elaborate animalistic compositions, representing the widest possible spectrum of various fauna. The natural perspective, which included a guinea pig in the European bestiary, significantly influenced further development of, already independent, images of the animal. They became most popular at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries, especially among artists associated with court circles. Created for wealthy collectors, these depictions reflected a peculiar fashion for this animalistic theme, as evidenced by mutual borrowings among painters taking up the motif in question.
SMARTS Programme and Pupils’ Metacognitive Abilities - A Pilot Study
Authors:   University of Prešov, Kovalčíková Iveta , Martinková Ivana
Published: May 2022

The presented paper focuses on the impact of intervention with the application of the SMARTS program on students’ metacognitive abilities. The metacognitive program SMARTS, which is a product of RILD1 (Research Institute for Learning and Development, Lexington, Massachusetts, the author Lynn Meltzer), was translated, adapted, and pilot-tested in the Slovak educational context conditions. In the form of qualitative intervention case studies, the paper analyses (1) the diagnostic potential of SMARTS revealing deficits in students’ metacognitive abilities (organisationorganization and prioritisationprioritization), (2) an intervention to improve a student’s specific metacognitive ability, (3) outcome (stagnation/progress/regression) of the intervention. The results obtained by direct participatory observation applied in the intervention point to a possible positive impact of the SMARTS program on the observed metacognitive abilities of students.
A Polish-German Comparative Study of Support Information for First-Year University Students Faced with the COVID-19 Pandemic at Selected Universities
Authors:   University of Silesia in Katowice, Hetmańczyk Hewilia , Dobosz Dagmara , Gierczyk Marcin , Rychlik Jarosław , Rempel David ,   Workshop of Law and Public Order, Warsaw,   IU Internationale Hochschule
Published: May 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has leftits mark on higher education, including first-year university students. The transition to online education has been particularly challenging for the University of Silesia and, to a far lesser extent, the International University of Applied Sciences. This study examines the academic experiences of first-year students entering university in the academic year 2020/2021. This article presents the results of a comparative study conducted on a sample of N=185 students from the University of Silesia (Poland) and N=120 students from the University of Applied Sciences (Germany) using an online questionnaire. The research showed that German students ranked the investigated issues higher; this does not mean that the University of Silesia provides a lower level of support, but that the information strategy and support elements are different.
Link Between Adult Literacy and Participation in the Labour Market: Central European Region
Authors:   Mykolas Romeris University, Dudaitė Jolita , Dačiulytė Rūta
Published: May 2022

Human capital, together with financial and material resources, is an important factor in the economy of society. Human capital can be defined in different ways, but knowledge, abilities, skills, competences, or literacy, in general, are essential parts. It can be said that literacy is the cornerstone of human capital. According to the basic principles of the theory of employment, factors such as education, gender, age, health, marital status, and emigration have a major impact on participation in the labour market. However, in scientific discourse, there is a strong emphasis on these factors and the importance of literacy. However, there is a lack of studies specifically analysing the links between literacy and participation in the labour market. In particular, it is important to analyse whether literacy is equally important for participation in the labour market in different regions and countries. This article analyses the link between participation in the labour market and literacy in the Central European region. Six Central European countries are analysed based on the International Survey of Adult Skills OECD PIAAC. An analysis of the main parameters showing how a person participates in the labour market suggests there is a link between a person’s literacy and their working status, type of employment contract, managerial position, and economic sector.
Most Frequently Asked Questions About Student Learning Outcomes in Poland: A Delphi Study
Authors:   Santa Ana College, USA, Janio Jarek , Cywiński Aleksander ,   University of Szczecin, Marek Lidia , Łuszczek Krzysztof , Perzycka Elzbieta , Baron-Polańczyk Eunika , Lib Waldemar , Walat Wojciech , Warzocha Tomasz ,   University of Zielona Góra,   University of Rzeszów
Published: May 2022

For decades, critics of higher education have been asserting that competencies students can demonstrate upon course completion are much better predictors of what students know and can do than time spent in courses or grades. However, assessment of student learning has not been adopted by faculty and their leaders, and the effort is normally addressed as a bureaucratic demand. The objective was to identify topics that could help shape the discourse regarding the assessment of student learning. The study revealed that the universities in Poland are ready to ensure graduating students competencies demanded by the contemporary world.
Around Art Reception. A Model of Empirical Cognition of Early School Education Teachers’Attitudes to Modern Art - A Project Study
Authors:   University of Silesia, Mazepa-Domagała Beata
Published: May 2022

The paper results from considerations on art reception and reflection on the current position of art recipients, their dispositions, and behaviours towards modern artistic activity, including the emotional, cognitive and behavioural orientation of early school education teachers in modern art. It begins with reflections on modern art understood as artistic activity created based on various means of expression and avant-garde and neo-avant-garde artistic solutions, which reacts to the huge potential, possibilities, threats of the surrounding world, and the situation of the recipient of modern artistic activity. The study’s further part presents the basic findings on the theoretical and conceptual framework of the phenomenon and a model of empirical cognition of early school education teachers’attitudes towards modern art. The study is addressed to researchers of the subject area and pedagogues. Even though it can hardly be regarded as a handy compendium, it provides a theoretical base and a research perspective. Therefore, it can serve as a guideline for future research explorations.
Implementation of the Professionally-Oriented Foreign Language Competence in Terms of Integrative Approach for Training Future Engineers
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, Tymkiv Nadiya , Nychkalo Nellia , Lukianova Larysa ,   National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine
Published: May 2022

The article deals with the actual issues of forming professionally-oriented foreign language competence concerning the future engineers’ training. The article testifies the necessity of rendering future engineers with professionally-oriented foreign language training based on new engineering and technological approaches. The challenges of interdisciplinary studies of any area of economy cause enhanced intensive international collaboration and intercultural cooperation. It implies the improvement of professionally-oriented foreign language competence demand for the next generation of engineers and middle-line staffsince it is essential for interdisciplinary and international team work training. Considering the experimental results, it has been confirmed that professional foreign language competence is effectively developed within “Intensive integrative course of foreign language”, content and structure of which are based on an integrative approach and a set of suggested organisational principles. The article summarises the results of the direct observation and interviews.
The Effectiveness of Flipped Classroom on Students’ Performance and Satisfaction in a Biostatistics Course
Authors:   Palestine Polytechnic University, H. Tamimi Mohammed , Khvtisiashvili Tamrika , B. Tamimi Malak , H. Samuh Monjed ,   University of Utah
Published: May 2022

This paper investigates the effectiveness of the flipped classroom approach on the performance of a group of students in a biostatistics course at Palestine Polytechnic University (PPU). A questionnaire and the class performance are used as the study instruments to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach. The results are compared with another homogeneous group of students using conventional learning. Statistical analysis is carried out to check the significant difference between the two groups. The analysis reveals that the flipped classroom had better class performance and a higher level of satisfaction than conventional learning.
Slovak Teacher’s Transformational Leadership and Student Teachers’ Ideas: A Comparative Study
Authors:   Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica, Ďuricová Lenka , Frgelcová Estera
Published: May 2022

The contribution brings an analysis of transformational leadership among Slovak secondary education teachers in comparison with ideas of student teachers. The research sample consists of secondary education teachers (N = 142) and student teachers (N = 142). Data are obtained from the Slovak version of the LPI/Leadership Practices Inventory. Results indicate statistically significant differences in three dimensions favouring students against teachers: Model the Way, Challenge the Process, Enable Others to Act. Slovak students consider transformational leadership practices essential as Slovak teachers apply them in their daily practice. Results are discussed mainly from the perspective of ontogenetic and educational practice.
Mapping the Borderline Personality Disorder: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors:   Aligarh Muslim University, Gull Mubashir , Husain Akbar
Published: May 2022

Bibliometric analysis is instrumental in analysing and documenting the publication trends of a particular variable over time. In the framework of Bibliometric analysis, this study investigates the trends of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Data were retrieved from the Scopus database between 2010 and 2020. Further, the study was delimited to psychology, social sciences, and arts and humanities subjects only. Publications produced in English were considered for the study. In the backdrop of the selection scheme, a total of 1453 publications were extracted from the database. It is evident from the analysis that there is a significant difference between the number of citations with respect to year of publishing and type of publication. Review papers score a greater number of citations. Both national and international collaborations should be supported to produce quality publications.
A Rasch Analysis of Student Coding Attitudes Survey
Authors:   Kent State University, A. Alasgarova Gunel
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a 23-item scale preliminarily entitled the “Elementary Student Coding Attitudes Survey” (ESCAS) from a Rasch perspective. The ESCAS includes five latent constructs to assess attitudes: coding confidence, interest, utility, perceptions of coders, and social value using Item Response Theory [IRT]. The item summary statistics, person summary statistics, item misfit statistics, and category structure statistics were examined for each component. In examining the five constructs separately, the measure had above average psychometric properties with no misfitting items and higher internal-consistency reliability.
Social Media and Task Performance: Does Being Online distract task completion?
Authors:   University of Silesia in Katowice, Piotrowski Michał , Ślebarska Katarzyna , Buszman Krystyna
Published: May 2022

At present, social media are connected with education. Both influence daily life and studying since they impact formal and informal relations. This study explores the role of social media in task performance. Based on Mackworth’s clock test, we experimented with university students (N=54), which assessed their capacity to concentrate on the task when exposed to notifications from social networking. We explored whether the appearance of social media notifications regarding different stimulus properties (i.e., sound and vision) lowered cognitive resource capacity to concentrate on the main task. The findings revealed that the mere presence of notifications affected task performance. However, the focal relationship was more complex.
Scenario forecasting of the socio-economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russian regions
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Naumov Ilya V. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Krasnykh Sergey S. ,   Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation, Otmakhova Yulia S. ,   Central Economic and Mathematical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Relevance. There is a perceived lack of methods that can accurately, reliably and comprehensively reflect the epidemiological situation in regions and its impact on their socio-economic development. The approaches that are currently described in research literature do not take into account the multivariance of scenarios of the COVID-19 pandemic, both in time and space. Research objective. The article aims to present a methodological framework that could be used to predict the socio-economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in regions and to detect the most vulnerable regions. Data and methods. The study relies on a set of methods, including the methods of regression modeling, ARIMA forecasting and spatial correlation analysis. Results. The panel regression analysis has confirmed the negative impact of the pandemic on socio-economic development, in particular, the growth of overdue wage arrears, unemployment, arrears, the number of liquidated organizations, and the industrial production index. We have also identified the most vulnerable regions that need to be prioritized for government support. Conclusions. The resulting models and scenarios can be used by policy-makers to set the priorities of state policy for the economic support of the regions and stabilization of the epidemiological situation in the country.
Regional per capita income differences: Spatial and hierarchical dependencies
Authors:   Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Timiryanova Venera M. , Yusupov Kasim N. ,   Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Lakman Irina A. ,   Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russian Federation, Zimin Aleksandr F. ,   Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russian Federation
Published: May 2022

Relevance. Regional differences in per capita income are a matter of concern for many countries for many reasons, including the threat that such regional disparities pose to national security. Multiple tools and methods are used to investigate these disparities and fix them. The use of lower level aggregated data and the analysis that takes into account spatial interactions thus become particularly relevant because it allows us to reveal the diversity of interactions at the micro-level. Research objective. This study aims to determine the significance of spatial relationships at different levels of data aggregation and hierarchical dependencies in per capita income and highlight the level of administrative division (regional or municipal) that has the greatest impact on per capita income. Methods and data. The analysis relies on the data from 2,270 municipalities in 85 Russian regions. The Hierarchical Spatial Autoregressive Model (HSAR) was used to distinguish both spatial and hierarchical effects. We used three specifications of the model: with estimates of the spatial interaction on the higher level (spatial error at the regional level), on the lower level (spatial lag at the municipal level), and on both levels. Results. Spatial interactions explain the observed variation of per capita income at the municipal level data at both the higher (regional) and lower (municipal) levels but the model with the estimated spatial interaction on the higher level was better. Conclusion. Despite the importance of spatial interactions at the lower level, models that take into account spatial interactions only at the upper level may better explain the observed differences in some cases. Our findings contribute to the rather scarce research literature on spatial relationships on several levels of administrative division. We have shown that for each specific case it is important to identify not only the factors but also the spatial effects in relation to this or that level of the territorial hierarchy.
Trade credit promotes industrial growth during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from the textile sector of Pakistan
Authors:   School of Business, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China, Shah Faiza , Liu Yumin ,   School of Business, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China, Shah Yasir ,   School of Business, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China, Shah Fadia ,   Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
Published: May 2022

Relevance. The rapid spread of COVID-19 around the world is disastrous to low-income countries. The pandemic was a serious threat to developing countries. In the case of Pakistan's textile industry, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have been hit hard. Importantly, the textile sector is the largest industrial sector in Pakistan. Purpose of the study. The purpose of the article is to identify the challenges that SMEs are facing due to the pandemic and to consider trade credit as a possible tool to resolve them. Data and Methods. The data were collected through the questionnaire survey among the representatives of SMEs in the textile industry in Pakistan. In total, representatives of 150 textile industries were surveyed, but due to incomplete data only 115 were used for the analysis. The survey was conducted from March 2020 to March 2021. Then, the structural equation model (SEM) was applied to ensure the accuracy of the results. Results. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the textile industry in Pakistan and the buying process as well as the satisfaction level. The study highlights the industrial safety issues during the pandemic which exacerbated the economic difficulties. The study also explains the mechanism how perceived control over buying, perceived satisfaction, and perceived trust in science relate to trade credit and COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions. The Pakistani government has taken many proactive measures, but there is still no consistent policy to attract more agents to the small textile business. Thus, a trade loan is the best solution for SMEs as it does not require immediate cash payments. The lack of government support has exacerbated the general pandemic-related economic crisis. In this light, trade loans may be considered as one of the most effective tools to keep SMEs afloat.
Requirements for building educational and care technology on heart failure
Authors: Cestari Virna Ribeiro Feitosa , Florêncio Raquel Sampaio , Garces Thiago Santos , Souza Lorena Campos de , Silva Jéssica Naiane Gama da , Pessoa Vera Lúcia Mendes de Paula , Moreira Thereza Maria Magalhães
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to investigate the requirements for building an educational and care application about heart failure. Methods: exploratory study, carried out with 15 people with heart failure and 19 family members/caregivers, assisted in a tertiary unit in the Brazilian Northeast. Individual semi-structured interviews were carried out between November and December 2020. Hannah Arendt’s theoretical framework was adopted. Results: two units of meaning emerged: “The plurality of care in heart failure” and “Expectations on the construction and use of educational and care technology for heart failure”. The requirements involved the need to know the disease and its nuances, as well as the health network, through an application that can minimize individual and social precariousness; and highlighted the importance of the participation of the multidisciplinary team in the development and dissemination of the application. Conclusions: requirements on educational and care technology were identified and will support the creation of an application that promotes care, aiming to obtain positive health outcomes.
The monitoring system of surgical textile in health services
Authors: Bouwman Berendina Elsina , Melo Dulcelene de Sousa , Neves Heliny Carneiro Cunha , Bento Cleuzeni Pereira , Tipple Anaclara Ferreira Veiga
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to report the implementation of a monitoring system of the operative field, surgical gown, and utilized fields as sterile barrier system of products for health, manufactured from cotton fabrics. Methods: technological innovation report of a monitoring system of the use and processing of surgical textiles in a medium-size hospital. Results: steps: planning, confection, exchange of the surgical textiles, monitoring, and 12 months of supervision. The new pieces were silkscreened with a black indelible marker. Final Considerations: the implemented system is practical, low cost, and easily manageable for the team, it favored the work process management, contributing to the quality and security of the textile used in health care, and being able to be implemented in other health services.
Determination of the standard leaf for nutritional diagnosis of assai palm plants
Authors: Viégas Ismael de Jesus Matos , Muller Antônio Agostinho , Costa Milton Garcia , Ferreira Eric Victor de Oliveira , Pinheiro Daniel Pereira , Campos Pedro Silvestre da Silva
Published: May 2022

Abstract Assai palm is the main palm tree grown in the Brazilian Amazon. Nutritional diagnosis has become an essential tool in management of the crop. The aim of this study was to determine the standard leaf for nutritional diagnosis of the assai palm tree through evaluation of leaf nutrient content and use of two methods of statistical analyses: traditional (univariate) and multivariate. The study was conducted in the municipality of Belém, with eight treatments: the phyllotaxic positions of the leaves (number 2 to 9), in a completely randomized design. The leaf concentration of nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn) was determined for performing descriptive analyses, analyses of variance, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). Young leaves had greater concentrations of N, P, K, Mg, S, Cu, and Zn, whereas in the older leaves, there were greater concentrations of Ca, B, Fe, and Mn. The leaves that exhibited less variation in nutrient concentrations were from 2 to 5. PCA analysis indicated interaction of positive loads of N-P and Cu-Mg and interaction of negative loads of Ca-Mn. The index of nutrient distribution indicated leaf number 5 as having the lowest factor loading value. Thus, leaf number 5 is most recommended for nutritional diagnosis of assai palm plants through sampling of 25 plants.
Effects of a 16-week physical training on clinical outcomes in patients with hypertension and chronic kidney disease: NEPHROS post-trial follow-up
Authors: Bohlke Maristela , Barcellos Franklin Corrêa , Santos Iná S. , Mielke Grégore Iven , Vargas Mateus de Marmann , Hallal Pedro Curi
Published: May 2022

The NEPHROS is a randomized controlled trial which applied a 16-week aerobic and resistance training to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and high blood pressure. This report describes a long-term post-trial follow-up, comparing survival, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) change between the intervention and control groups according to in-trial cardiovascular risk factors. Three years after the original trial, NEPHROS participants were re-evaluated. Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare survival time and linear regression for changes in GFR and physical and mental HRQoL summary scores between intervention and control groups according to age, sex, and in-trial GFR, C-reactive protein, glucose, lipids, ankle-brachial index (ABI), functional capacity, and blood pressure. Of the 150 participants of NEPHROS, 128 were included in the long-term analysis. The previous exercise training had no effects on survival, GFR, or HRQoL. Baseline in-trial GFR (HR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.92; 0.98) and ABI (HR = 0.03, 95%CI: 0.002; 0.43) were positive independent predictors for survival. Lower ABI (coefficient = 9.00, 95%CI: 0.43; 17.5) and higher systolic blood pressure (coefficient = -0.13, 95%CI: -0.24; -0.03) were independent predictors for GFR decline. A 16-week exercise program had no long-term effect on survival, quality of life, or glomerular filtration in patients with CKD stages 2 to 4. Lower GFR and ABI and higher systolic blood pressure were associated with poorer prognosis among CKD patients.
Assessment of the appropriate management of syphilis patients in primary health care in different regions of Brazil from 2012 to 2018
Authors: Saes Mirelle de Oliveira , Duro Suele Manjourany Silva , Gonçalves Cristiane de Souza , Tomasi Elaine , Facchini Luiz Augusto
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to analyze the presence of adequate infrastructure and work process in primary health care for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of syphilis in Brazil in 2012, 2014, and 2018. This is a cross-sectional, nationwide study with data from the three cycles of the Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Basic Healthcare (PMAQ-AB): 2012 (Cycle I), 2014 (Cycle II), and 2018 (Cycle III). Two outcomes were assessed: adequate infrastructure and work process. The independent variables were macroregion, municipality size, Municipal Human Development Index (HDI-M), and coverage of the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Variance-weighted least squares regression was used to estimate annual changes in percentage. In total, 13,842 primary basic health units (UBS) and 17,202 professional health care teams were assessed in Cycle I; 24,055 UBS and 29,778 teams in Cycle II, and 28,939 UBS and 37,350 teams in Cycle III. About 1.4% of UBS had adequate infrastructure in Cycle I; 17.5% had in Cycle II; and 42.7% had in Cycle III. Adequate work process also increased in the three cycles, ranging from 47.3% in Cycle I to 45.5% in Cycle II and 75.4% in Cycle III. However, inequities are observed, considering that richer regions and larger municipalities, with higher HDI-M and lower FHS coverage improved the most. The low prevalence of adequate infrastructure and work process for the care of patients with syphilis in Brazil reflects a significant weakness in the Brazilian health system.